bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risikobehaftet? Transbronchiale Mikrowellenablation beim nicht metastasierten Lungenkarzinom
Authors: Hagmeyer Lars
Published: August 2023

Background: Image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation is an established treatment option for early-stage lung cancer in medically inoperable patients but carries a high risk of pleura-related complications, particularly pneumothorax. Objective: This study aimed to determine if image-guided transbronchial microwave ablation (tMWA) is a feasible approach to treat peripheral stage 1 lung cancer. Method: A prospective, single-arm, multicenter study sought to enroll 40 adults who were medically inoperable or declined surgery for peripheral stage 1 lung tumors (≤20 mm). Ablation was performed using navigational bronchoscopy and a flexible MWA probe, guided by cone-beam CT with augmented fluoroscopy. Follow-up at 1, 6, and 12 months included CT imaging of the ablation zone and possible tumor recurrence, adverse events (AEs), pulmonary function, and quality of life. Results: Across 2 sites, 11 tumors (10 NSCLC, 1 carcinoid) were treated in 10 enrolled patients. Median tumor diameter was 13 × 14 mm (7–19 mm) and median minimum ablative margin was 11 mm (5–19 mm). Technical success and technique efficacy were achieved in all patients. No tumor recurrence was seen during 12-month follow-up. No pneumothorax, pleural effusion, or bronchopleural fistula were noted. Minor AEs included scant hemoptysis, pain, cough, and dyspnea. Two serious AEs occurred ≤30 days of ablation and included a COPD exacerbation (day 9) and a death of unknown cause (day 15). The death led the sponsor to halt enrollment. Pulmonary function and quality-of-life indices remained stable.
Clinical Background Factors as Predictors of the Efficacy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Suppositories in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Uchiyama Kazuhiko , Takagi Tomohisa , Mizushima Katsura , Asaeda Kohei , Kubota-Kajiwara Mariko , Sugaya Takeshi , Kashiwagi Saori , Minagawa Yuki , Hotta Yuma , Tanaka Makoto , Inoue Ken , Katada Kazuhiro , Kamada Kazuhiro , Ishikawa Takeshi , Yasuda Hiroaki , Konishi Hideyuki , Kishimoto Mitsuo , Naito Yuji , Itoh Yoshito
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Although the efficacy of 5-aminosalicylic acid (ASA) suppositories for ulcerative colitis (UC) has been reported in many studies, many studies have also described poor adherence to 5-ASA suppository regimens. We aimed to identify the clinical background factors that influence adherence to 5-ASA suppositories to improve adherence and efficacy of the treatment. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 61 patients with active UC who were using 5-ASA suppositories. All patients underwent endoscopy and rectal biopsy for histological diagnosis prior to 5-ASA suppository treatment. The efficacy of 5-ASA suppository treatment was compared in relation to clinical background factors (sex, age, disease duration, disease type, clinical activity, Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity, histological activity, serum C-reactive protein level, concomitant use of immunomodulators, history of steroid use, and dose of oral 5-ASA). Results: The efficacy of 5-ASA suppositories was significantly related to low Lichtiger Colitis Activity Index (LCAI) scores and proctitis type prior to its use. In terms of sex, females tended to show higher efficacy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using these three factors showed high predictive value for the efficacy of 5-ASA suppositories (AUC, 0.788; sensitivity, 87.2%; and specificity, 63.7%). Conclusion: This study is the first to extract clinical background factors for predicting the efficacy of 5-ASA suppositories. The use of 5-ASA suppositories in patients who are expected to show efficacy will be effective in improving patient co-operation.
A cena, a performer, a coisa, a sala de aula: notas metodológicas
Authors: Quelho Tarina
Published: August 2023

Este artigo é uma tentativa de iniciar uma discussão sobre a potência da percepção do sentido de si como um modo de articular a crise da representação nas artes cênicas, no ponto de fricção entre presença e identidade. Por meio da descrição de práticas somáticas para o estudo das sensações básicas de peso, volume, contorno e movimento, assim como o exercício do reenactment como dispositivo de leitura de si, o artigo buscar refletir sobre a possibilidade de organizar conceitos políticos como corpo, promovendo a criação de um campo aberto em que presença e identidade possam talvez ser compreendidas em fluxo e afetar-se mutuamente.
Anna Halprin: uma trajetória de desestabilizações rumo a práticas criativas que celebram a diferença
Authors: Berselli Marcia , Soldera Natalia
Published: August 2023

O texto apresenta a trajetória de Anna Halprin, artista que, atenta aos movimentos políticos, sociais e culturais de seu tempo, rompe com diversos pressupostos estabelecidos no campo da dança e da arte, buscando uma prática criativa que integra arte e vida. Assim, acompanhando as desestabilizações propostas pela artista, o texto busca reconhecer e destacar, no trabalho de uma vida inteira de Anna, a celebração da diferença e da pluralidade em uma prática artística que, na recusa de binômios e separações rígidas, é tecida por fios de performance, de cura, de emoções particulares, de questões sociais e políticas. O texto, ainda, busca favorecer a divulgação dos estudos de (e acerca de) Anna Halprin em território brasileiro.
Ateliê de Teatro Circulando em bodas de zinco
Authors: Bonfatti Adriana , Ribeiro Joana , Vargas Aline , Assunção Airton , Lima Lorena , Martins Paulo Motta , Sanfins Sarah
Published: August 2023

Este artigo apresenta noções sobre a “Oficina de Teatro Circulando: ateliê de teatro para jovens com transtornos mentais”, projeto de extensão realizado na Escola de Teatro da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O estudo se debruça sobre desejos e desafios que envolvem a oficina, tais como a continuidade do trabalho durante a pandemia de covid-19, a realização de eventos no âmbito do projeto e o início de discussões sobre questões raciais na oficina. Além disso, este trabalho é mais uma forma de reafirmar a importância de as pessoas neurodivergentes tomarem seus espaços de direito, protagonizando suas trajetórias e projetando suas vozes e corpos no mundo.
Cuidar dos imaginários e das situações
Authors: Ginot Isabelle , Nioche Julie
Published: August 2023

Retomando suas experiências de pesquisa e prática, as autoras propõem uma exploração sobre o cuidado de nossos imaginários. Ao utilizá-los em contextos institucionais, elas fomentam uma abertura sensível e perceptiva.
O sentimento moral no contexto das filosofias de Jacobi e Reinhold
Authors: Fracalossi Ivanilde
Published: August 2023

O grande número de cartas trocadas entre Jacobi e Reinhold demonstra uma forte relação intelectual entre os dois autores. A frequência dessas cartas se intensifica principalmente nos anos de 1793 a 1800, bem no período em que Reinhold questionava sua própria doutrina da liberdade e se dedicava aos estudos da Wissenschaftslehre, para a qual migra efetivamente em 1797. Menos de dois anos depois, no entanto, converte-se à filosofia de Jacobi, com quem cultiva, na verdade, maior conexão de pensamentos, pois nutriam a mesma visão iluminista sobre a razão. Este artigo se propõe a analisar os pontos conceituais convergentes do pensamento de ambos os autores.
Arterial Age and Early Vascular Aging, But Not Chronological Age, Are Associated With Faster Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Growth
Authors: Mian Owais , Santi Nicolas , Boodhwani Munir , Beauchesne Luc , Chan Kwan‐Leung , Dennie Carole , Wells George A. , Coutinho Thais
Published: August 2023

Background

Aneurysm size is an imperfect risk assessment tool for those with thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Assessing arterial age may help TAA risk stratification, as it better reflects aortic health. We sought to evaluate arterial age as a predictor of faster TAA growth, independently of chronological age.

Methods and Results

We examined 137 patients with TAA. Arterial age was estimated according to validated equations, using patients' blood pressure and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity. Aneurysm growth was determined prospectively from available imaging studies. Multivariable linear regression assessed the association of chronological age and arterial age with TAA growth, and multivariable logistic regression assessed associations of chronological and arterial age with the presence of accelerated aneurysm growth (defined as growth>median in the sample). Mean±SD chronological and arterial ages were 62.2±11.3 and 54.2±24.5 years, respectively. Mean baseline TAA size and follow‐up time were 45.9±4.0 mm and 4.5±1.9 years, respectively. Median (interquartile range) TAA growth was 0.31 (0.14–0.52) mm/year. Older arterial age (ß±SE for 1 year: 0.004±0.001,
P
<0.0001) was independently associated with faster TAA growth, while chronological age was not (
P
=0.083). In logistic regression, each 5‐year increase in arterial age was associated with a 23% increase in the odds of accelerated TAA growth (95% CI, 1.085–1.394;
P
=0.001).

Conclusions

Arterial age is independently associated with accelerated aneurysm expansion, while chronological age is not. Our results highlight that a noninvasive and inexpensive assessment of arterial age can potentially be useful for TAA risk stratification and disease monitoring as compared with the current clinical standard (chronological age).
Progranulin Maintains Blood Pressure and Vascular Tone Dependent on EphrinA2 and Sortilin1 Receptors and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation
Authors: Bruder‐Nascimento Ariane , Awata Wanessa M. C. , Alves Juliano V. , Singh Shubhnita , Costa Rafael M. , Bruder‐Nascimento Thiago
Published: August 2023

Background

The mechanisms determining vascular tone are still not completely understood, even though it is a significant factor in blood pressure management. Many circulating proteins have a significant impact on controlling vascular tone. Progranulin displays anti‐inflammatory effects and has been extensively studied in neurodegenerative illnesses. We investigated whether progranulin sustains the vascular tone that helps regulate blood pressure.

Methods and Results

We used male and female C57BL6/J wild type (progranulin
+/+
) and B6(Cg)‐Grn
tm1.1Aidi
/J (progranulin
−/−
) to understand the impact of progranulin on vascular contractility and blood pressure. We found that progranulin
−/−
mice display elevated blood pressure followed by hypercontractility to noradrenaline in mesenteric arteries, which is restored by supplementing the mice with recombinant progranulin. In ex vivo experiments, recombinant progranulin attenuated the vascular contractility to noradrenaline in male and female progranulin
+/+
arteries, which was blunted by blocking EphrinA2 or Sortilin1. To understand the mechanisms whereby progranulin evokes anticontractile effects, we inhibited endothelial factors. N(gamma)‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) prevented the progranulin effects, whereas indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) affected only the contractility in arteries incubated with vehicle, indicating that progranulin increases nitric oxide and decreases contractile prostanoids. Finally, recombinant progranulin induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and nitric oxide production in isolated mesenteric endothelial cells.

Conclusions

Circulating progranulin regulates vascular tone and blood pressure via EphrinA2 and Sortilin1 receptors and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation. Collectively, our data suggest that deficiency in progranulin is a cardiovascular risk factor and that progranulin might be a new therapeutic avenue to treat high blood pressure.
Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter‐2 Inhibitors and Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Trials and Systematic Review
Authors: Rahman Hammad , Khan Safi U. , Lone Ahmad N. , Ghosh Priyanka , Kunduru Mahathi , Sharma Saurabh , Sattur Sudhakar , Kaluski Edo
Published: August 2023

Background

Sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events in patients with prior ASCVD and type 2 diabetes; however, this benefit is uncertain in patients without established ASCVD.

Methods and Results

Large‐scale cardiovascular outcome randomized controlled trials or their prespecified subgroup analyses were selected, evaluating SGLT2 inhibitors versus placebo for primary prevention of ASCVD (inception, March 2023). The primary outcome was atherosclerotic major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), which was a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The secondary outcomes were individual components of MACEs and all‐cause mortality. The outcomes were reported as random‐effect relative risk (RR) with a 95% CI. This analysis, comprising 23 987 patients enrolled in 5 randomized controlled trials with a mean follow‐up duration of ≈135 weeks, found no significant reduction in atherosclerotic MACEs with SGLT2 inhibitors in comparison to placebo (RR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.71–1.01];
P
=0.07; I
2
=44). There were no significant differences in cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.77–1.14];
P
=0.50; I
2
=0), myocardial infarction (RR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.69–1.11];
P
=0.28; I
2
=23), and stroke (RR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.62–1.16];
P
=0.29; I
2
=46). SGLT2 inhibitors significantly improved all‐cause mortality (RR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.72–1.0];
P
=0.04; I
2
=23). On subgroup analyses, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors led to significant reductions in MACEs (RR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.61–0.89];
P
=0.001), myocardial infarction (RR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.47–0.97];
P
=0.03), and stroke (RR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.41–0.91];
P
=0.01) primarily in patients with chronic kidney disease along with type 2 diabetes, whereas these benefits were not observed in patients with type 2 diabetes without chronic kidney disease.

Conclusions

SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced atherosclerotic MACEs in subjects having both chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes without established ASCVD.
Die masoretische Akzentuation in den poetischen Büchern (ספרי אמ״ת)
Authors: Trompelt Kevin
Published: August 2023

This article describes how the Masoretic accents found in the poetic books of Psalms, Job, and Proverbs (ספרי אמ״ת) divide and structure the text. It provides a detailed description of the hierarchical structure of the Masoretic accents used in these books. It also discusses the law of continuous dichotomy, which constitutes an essential principle that underlies every division of the text by the Masoretic accents. In particular, this article highlights the specific characteristics of the Masoretic accentuation in the poetic books, compared with the other books of the Hebrew Bible (כ״א ספרים). Throughout the article, the Masoretic accents are revealed to be of great relevance for the Masoretic text, because they mark the syntactic structure of every verse. Therefore, the Masoretic accents deserve the full attention of modern scholars who seek to study the Masoretic text.
The Poor Man’s Ewe Lamb (2 Sam 12:1–4) in Intersectional, Interspecies Perspective
Authors: Millar Suzanna R.
Published: August 2023

Nathan tells David a story about a rich man who takes and kills a poor man’s lamb (2 Sam 12:1–4). This, it turns out, is figurative for David’s own deeds of killing Uriah the Hittite and taking his wife. The story and its application suggest the intersecting power dynamics between groups: rich and poor, male and female, native and foreigner—and, crucially, human and nonhuman. This article argues that intersectional analysis should include an interspecies dimension, and explores these dynamics at work through various mechanisms of relation. Low status human groups are connected with nonhumans through animalisation, and are thereby delegitimised. Nonhuman animals and animalised humans are positioned as objects within mechanisms of domination, such as exploitation, exchange, and semiosis. The relationship between the poor man and lamb, though, offers another possibility: alliance. Care can be extended across species lines, with implications for intergroup relations throughout the intersectional web.
The Story of the Parici: Fiscal Transformation and Social Reconstruction in Ottoman Cyprus (1572–1672)
Authors: Demiryürek Mehmet
Published: August 2023

The Ottoman conquest (1570–71) changed the social, economic and cultural structure on Cyprus. It created a novel society consisting of Muslims and non-Muslims (zimmis or reaya), and led to a taxation system that reflected the evolution of the central administration’s financial needs. Based on Ottoman financial and judicial sources, this article examines an important element in early Ottoman Cypriot society, namely the parici of the Venetian era, known as barık (or parik, parikoz) during the first century of the Ottoman regime. In doing so, the article seeks to highlight one aspect of the fiscal transformation and reconstruction of society in Ottoman Cyprus.
The Indo-Iranian labial-extended causative suffix
Authors: Khoshsirat Zia , Byrd Andrew Miles
Published: August 2023

Alongside the expected reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European causative suffix *-éi̯e/o-, there appears in Indo-Iranian a second, expanded version that contains a labial consonant: Indic -(ā)páya- and Eastern Iranian (EIr.) *-(ā)u̯ai̯a-, the latter continued in Khotanese -ev-, Khwarazmian -(’)wy-, and other modern EIr. languages. In this paper, we will argue that *-(ā)u̯ai̯a- is also the source of a causative marker in two closely related Caspian (Western Iranian) languages, Gilaki and Tati-Talyshi, through a reconstructable Proto-Caspian form *-āwēn-. We propose that these three suffixes, -(ā)páya-, *-(ā)u̯ai̯a-, and *-āwēn-, originated in Proto-Indo-Iranian, through the rounding of a root-final laryngeal to a labial sound in causative formations.
The Rhyacophila fasciata Species Complex (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) in Central Europe with description of a new species, Rhyacophila loeffleri Valladolid & Waringer, n. sp., based on morphological, genetic and ecological evidence.
Authors: VALLADOLID MARIA , WARINGER JOHANN , ARAUZO MERCEDES , CHVOJKA PAVEL , DORDA BEATRIZ A. , KOMZÁK PETR , LODOVICI OMAR , REY ISABEL
Published: August 2023

The morphology of the larva, pupa, male, and female of Rhyacophila loeffleri Valladolid & Waringer, n. sp., from Austria, Czech Republic, France, and Italy is described. Data from molecular analysis are also provided, based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI), including sequences from German and Swiss specimens, and compared with those of samples of the nominate species R. fasciata Hagen 1859, as well as with other species and subspecies in the Rhyacophila fasciata Species Complex: R. septentrionis McLachlan 1865, R. denticulata McLachlan 1879, R. sociata Navás 1916, R. kykladica Malicky & Sipahiler 1993, R. delici Kučinić & Valladolid 2020, R. fasciata viteceki Valladolid & Kučinić 2020 and R. macedonica Karaouzas, Valladolid & Ibrahimi 2022. Our study revealed morphological differences between R. fasciata and R. loeffleri, as well as genetic differences among the other taxa of the R. fasciata Complex, supporting the recognition of R. loeffleri as a new species. Also, Rhyacophila fasciata viteceki is recognized as a distinct species, R. viteceki (status promotus), based on results of the molecular analysis.
Meeting the southern brothers: a revision of the Neotropical spider genus Hexapopha Platnick, Berniker & Víquez, 2014 (Araneae, Oonopidae)
Authors: FEITOSA NÍTHOMAS M. , OTT RICARDO , BONALDO ALEXANDRE B.
Published: August 2023

The goblin spider genus Hexapopha Platnick, Berniker & Víquez, 2014 is revised. The four Costa Rican species recognized in the original description of the genus are re-diagnosed: H. reimoseri (Fage, 1938) (the type species), H. hone Platnick, Berniker & Víquez, 2014, H. osa Platnick, Berniker & Víquez, 2014 and H. jimenez Platnick, Berniker & Víquez, 2014. Two species recently transferred from Gamasomorpha Karsch, 1881 are redescribed: H. brasiliana (Bristowe, 1938), from southern Brazil, of which the male is described for the first time, and H. m-scripta (Birabén, 1954), from Argentina. Thirty-five new species are described from South America, elevating the total number of species to forty-one. Thirty three species are described from Brazil: H. una (♂, ♀), H. brescoviti (♂), H. peba (♂,♀), H. harveyi (♂,♀), H. fannesi (♂), H. erebai (♂), H. periclitata (♂,♀), H. delta (♂), H. tallitae (♂,♀), H. platnicki (♂,♀), H. santosi (♂,♀), H. rheimsae (♂), H. wangi (♂,♀), H. ruizi (♂), H. itabaiana (♂), H. ramirezi (♂), H. depleta (♂), H. gunma (♂), H. corniculata (♂,♀), H. egua (♂), H. izquierdoi (♂,♀), H. numerosa (♂,♀), H. baehrae (♂,♀), H. excavata (♂,♀), H. ubicki (♂,♀), H. quadraginta (♂,♀), H. ilhoa (♂,♀), H. marajoara (♂,♀), H. kropfi (♂,♀), H. caboquinho (♂), H. grismadoi (♂), H. manauara (♂,♀) and H. pantaneira (♂,♀). Two additional new species, H. pithecia (♂,♀) from Peru and H. sorkini (♂,♀) from Venezuela are also described. Species of Hexapopha are restricted to the Neotropical region, from Costa Rica to Northern Argentina. Brazil, where 85% of the species occur, harbors the highest species richness. A key and distribution maps are provided for all species.
The Synergistic Healing Function of Regular Treadmill Exercise and Nanofibrous Scaffolds on Peripheral Nervous System Injury: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Authors: Nie Wenwen
Published: August 2023

In the current study, injured peripheral nerves were treated with a regular treadmill exercise program in combination with a nanofibrous neural channels loaded with arctium lappa extract (ALE). In Vitro studies showed that the neural channels were biocompatible and potentially
facilitated gas exchange through the scaffolds. In addition, the produced scaffolds modulated the inflammatory responses. In Vivo study showed that the animals treated with both exercise and neural channels had the highest rate of functional recovery and histopathological restorations.
Dihydroartemisinin Promotes Neural Stem Cell Differentiation into Oligodendrocytes via STAT6/Chi3l3 Signaling Pathway in Microglia
Authors: Li Manjing , Ran Qingsen , Du Xinke , Chen Kunni , Yang Qing , Zhu Xiaoxin , Li Qi
Published: August 2023

Promoting the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into oligodendrocytes is crucial for maintaining myelin integrity in demyelinating diseases, which is regulated by the microglia-mediated inflammatory milieu in the central nervous system (CNS). In this research, we aimed to
investigate whether dihydroartemisinin (DHA) could promote the differentiation of C17.2 neural stem cell into oligodendrocytes by regulating microglia, and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, DHA trimer self-assembled nanoparticles (DHA3NPs) were prepared to explore the
efficacy on attenuating inflammation compared to free DHA. An in vitro microglia-NSCs co-culturing model was established. The level of inflammation and the differentiation of NSCs were accessed via RT-qPCR, ELISA and western blot methods. To inhibit STAT6 activation in microglia, AS1517499
was applied. The results found that DHA effectively rebalanced BV2-mediated inflammation and specifically induced the directed differentiation of NSC cell lines into oligodendrocytes (OLs), as represented by the expression of MBP and PLP. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that the enhanced
expression of Chi3l3 induced by DHA was significantly eliminated by the blockade of STAT6, suggesting that DHA served as a booster for OLs differentiation in a STAT6-depenent manner. In addition, DHA3NPs were more effective than free DHA in attenuating microglia-mediated inflammation stimulated
by lipopolysaccharide. In conclusion, DHA attenuated microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and activated the STAT6/Chi3l3 signaling pathway in microglia, inducing C17.2 differentiation into oligodendrocytes. This study reveals the molecular mechanism and the functional impact of DHA in inhibiting
inflammation of CNS, and provides preliminary suggestions for the clinical treatment of inflammatory demyelinating diseases.
Rapid On-Site Detection Techniques and Applications of Norovirus in Paediatric Emergencies
Authors: Wen Kaizhen , Cai Yanyu , Guan Yuhong
Published: August 2023

Infants and young children across the globe are most commonly afflicted with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) due to the prevalence of Norovirus, which results in significant morbidity and mortality rate and is highly transmissible. Therefore, a swiftly and accurately detection can aid in
minimizing their transmission. The objective of this research was to design a dual LAMP fluorescence detection system for HuNoVs using LAMP technology to detect the ORF1-ORF2 junction, which is the region most conserved in HuNoVs genomes I and II. Using a commercially available integrated
detection system based on magnetic bead-based nucleic acid extraction and LAMP fluorescence detection, we built a rapid integrated detection platform for paediatric norovirus emergencies The method was cross reactive with four other viruses. Results from the integrated system agreed with conventional
laboratory extracts for 28 clinical samples.
Iodine-125 Seed Strand Implantation Combined with Biliary Stent for the Treatment of Malignant Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Lin Chaohui , Chen Zhiyu , Cai Donglu , Li Ping , Liu Dexin
Published: August 2023

Extrahepatic or intrahepatic bile duct stenosis and obstruction can lead to malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ). Surgical treatment is an effective method, but for patients who cannot undergo surgery or miss the opportunity for surgery, biliary stent combined with 125I implantation
can improve obstruction symptoms, relieve biliary obstruction, and improve liver function. This study was to investigate the efficacy of 125I implantation, single biliary stent and percutaneous transhepatic drainage (PTCD) in the treatment of MOJ. 107 patients with MOJ were included.
Thirty-seven patients (study group) received biliary stent implantation of 125I particle radiotherapy drainage tube, and 35 patients (sem group) received biliary stent implantation of ordinary drainage tube. 35 patients (PTCD group) underwent PTCD interventional surgery. Biliary
stenosis site, Child-Pugh grade and malignant tumor were recorded in the three groups. The changes of liver function before and after treatment were detected, and the survival time, stent patency time, and the occurrence of complications were recorded. All three groups achieved technical success.
Liver function was improved in all patients (TBIL, DBIL and ALT were significantly decreased, and P values were all less than 0.05). This study demonstrates that 125I seed beam implantation combined with biliary stent implantation can be considered a safe treatment option for patients
with MOJ. This treatment can improve median overall survival, improve liver function, prolong stent patency time.
Reassessing the Mortality Impact of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in China
Authors: Shepherd John Robert
Published: August 2023

In accounts of the worldwide impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic, China remains a black hole of missing data. In the absence of systematically collected nationwide death statistics, scholars have used scattered and often impressionistic reports to suggest that the epidemic had only a mild impact in China and, in some cases, to raise the possibility that the epidemic originated in China. These works rely heavily on conclusions drawn from anecdotal reports of customs officers, a medical report from Canton, and uncritical use of Shanghai and Hong Kong crude death rates, which are shown herein to be seriously flawed or misstated. This article and its online supplement contribute to knowledge of the influenza epidemic in China by reassessing the available data on Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Canton and assessing hitherto neglected sources on seven majority-Chinese jurisdictions that enforced vital statistics reporting. The results refute the notion of a mild impact and show that the pandemic had an impact in most cases greater than that seen in Western countries like the United States and England and Wales.
Geographies of race and ethnicity II: Black Feminist Geographies
Authors: Noxolo Pat
Published: August 2023

This second report on Geographies of Race and Ethnicity considers new developments in Black Feminist Geographies. It considers the spatio-temporal extensiveness of Black Feminist Geographies. It joins calls for more powerfully critical versions of intersectionality in Geography, using in/security as a means of conceptualising forms of negotiative agency. The article then considers the epistemic challenges posed by decolonial Black Feminisms, particularly from African writers. Finally, the article notes that Black Feminist Geographies are a locus for witnessing and honouring the complex humanity of the disproportionately large number of Black people who have died untimely deaths. To survive is a promise.
Hierarchies in heterosexuality: Orgasms, intercourse and sexual scripts
Authors: Thomé Cécile
Published: August 2023

This article, based on a set of 71 interviews conducted in France between 2014 and 2017, examines the basis of contemporary scripts for ‘good’ heterosex and reciprocal pleasure. It shows that, paradoxically, the male discourse on the pre-eminence of female orgasm falls within a persistently gendered order in which male desire prevails. It finds that non-penetrative genital practices continue to be stigmatized and are in general only practiced in conjunction with penile-vaginal intercourse. Interviews show that when people adopt what are still considered ‘inferior’ scripts it is usually as a result of external constraints. This article adds to our knowledge of changes in contemporary heterosexual practices over time but also what remains unchanged, while shedding light on current dynamics in gender relations.
First experience of international proctoring hands-on stroke course using Tegus telemedical system for overcoming education challenges during the war in Ukraine
Authors: Shchehlov Dmytro , Fiehler Jens , Vyval Mykola , Kyselyova Anna A
Published: August 2023

Interventional neuroradiology (INR) has not yet received official certification as a surgical subspecialty in Ukraine. Consequently, there is uncertainty surrounding the availability of a neurosurgical internship and a structured INR training program to provide neuroendovascular procedures. In recent years, mechanical thrombectomy has become the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion, as supported by evidence-based guidelines. This emphasizes the need for INR specialists, which far exceeds the current supply. Although stroke centres with interventional neuroradiological facilities have been established to address this shortage in Ukraine, they lack highly skilled staff. Following the relaxation of COVID-19 migration restrictions, the Ukrainian medical system faced new limitations due to ongoing wartime conditions. In such circumstances, international cooperation becomes crucial to ensuring the safe and effective implementation of new technologies into routine medical practice. We successfully integrated teleproctoring into our hands-on course and found it to be an effective and promising approach, especially considering the uncertainty of the future and the presence of wartime migration restrictions in Ukraine. Teleproctoring hands-on course has the potential to provide young specialists with experienced mentors and valuable initial experience and can serve as a valuable adjunct for the improvement of surgeons confidence.
Comprehensive analysis of CXCL14 uncovers its role during liver metastasis in colon cancer
Authors: Zhou Lei , Zhang Yan , Wei Ming , Du Kangming , Lin Jing , Wei Lihong
Published: August 2023

Background

The most common cause of death for colon cancer patients is liver metastasis.

Methods

All the data enrolled in this study were downloaded from two public databases, The Cancer Genome Atlas Program, the TCGA-COAD project and Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE41258 project. All the analysis was performed in R software.

Results

In our study, we systematically explored the molecules involved in the liver metastasis process of colon cancer. The biological role of these molecules was identified through the GO and KEGG analysis. Moreover, we identified that the molecules SERPINA3, SERPINA1, MMP3, ALDH1A3, PBK and CXCL14 were the independent factors for patients survival. The CXCL14 was selected for further analysis for its most significant P value. Single-cell analysis showed that the CXCL14 was mainly expressed in the fibroblasts. Meanwhile, the biological role of fibroblasts in the colon cancer microenvironment was investigated. Further, the clinical role of CXCL14 in colon cancer was also explored. The result showed that the CXCL14 is a protective factor against colon cancer independent of other clinical parameters like age, gender, clinical stage, and TNM classifications. Then, biological enrichment analysis indicated that the CXCL14 is predominantly involved in the activating of the WNT/β/catenin pathway, pancreas beta cells, peroxisome and bile acid metabolism. Immune infiltration analysis showed that for the patients with high CXCL14 levels, the plasma B cells, CD8 + T cells, neutrophil and NK cells might infiltrate more, in contrast to B cells, monocyte and macrophages. Furthermore, we found that the patients with low CXCL14 expression might be more sensitive to etoposide, rapamycin and sunitinib.

Conclusions

Our result could improve the understanding of the liver metastasis process in colon cancer. Also, CXCL14 was identified as an underlying therapeutic target for colon cancer.
Identification of co-expressed gene networks promoting CD8+ T cell infiltration and having prognostic value in uveal melanoma
Authors: Zhang Chun , Xiao Jing , Fa Luzhong , Jiang Fanwen , Jiang Hui , Zhou Lin , Xu Zhuping
Published: August 2023

Current immunotherapies are unsatisfactory against uveal melanoma (UM); however, elevated CD8+ T cell infiltration level indicates poor prognosis in UM. Here, we aimed to identify co-expressed gene networks promoting CD8+ T cell infiltration in UM and created a prognostic hazard model based on the identified hub genes. Raw data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Stromal-immune comprehensive score (ESTIMATE) was used to evaluate the immune-infiltration landscape of the tumor microenvironment. Single-Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and Weighted Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) were used to quantify CD8+ T cell infiltration level and identify hub genes. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to analyze the biological processes. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were used to establish a prognostic model, which was further validated. Finally, pan-cancer analysis evaluated these genes to be associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration in other tumors. In conclusion, the proposed four-gene (PTPN12, IDH2, P2RX4, and KDELR2) prognostic hazard model had satisfactory prognostic ability. These hub genes may promote CD8+ T cell infiltration in UM through antigen presentation, and CD8+ T cell possibly function as Treg, resulting in poor prognosis. These findings might facilitate the development of novel immunotherapies.
Unmasked insulinoma occasioned by severe hypoglycemic coma immediately postpartum: a case report
Authors: Matsumoto Kiyoshi , Watanabe Miyu , Takao Ken , Takahashi Hirokazu , Daido Hisashi , Shibata Toshiro , Hirose Tokuyuki , Kato Takehiro , Mizuno Masami , Hirota Takuo , Suwa Tetsuya , Horikawa Yukio , Murakami Takaaki , Yabe Daisuke
Published: August 2023

Background

Insulinoma in women during pregnancy and postpartum is very rare; approximately 65% of cases are diagnosed early in pregnancy and ~ 35% immediately after delivery, few being found in middle or late pregnancy, likely due to increased insulin resistance seen after early-stage pregnancy. We successfully treated a case of insulinoma in which severe hypoglycemic coma immediately after delivery occasioned detailed investigation and diagnosis.

Case presentation

Our patient experienced hypoglycemic coma in the 3rd month of pregnancy (initially considered due to her hyperemesis gravidarum) that improved spontaneously during the gestational period. No abnormalities of plasma glucose or body weight were found in regular checkups during her pregnancy; however, recurrence of hypoglycemic coma after delivery led us to suspect insulinoma. While contrast enhanced computer tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) initially failed to detect a tumor in the pancreas, selective arterial calcium stimulation test revealed an insulin-secreting tumor localized in the pancreatic body. She then underwent spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy; a 10-mm tumor positive for chromogranin A, synaptophysin and insulin was identified.

Conclusions

Although pregnancy can mask insulinoma-associated symptoms and make diagnosis challenging, hypoglycemic episodes during early pregnancy, which were observed in this case, are suggestive of insulinoma. Importantly, in this case, accurate preoperative localization of the tumor enabled prompt curative surgery after delivery. Thus, clinical vigilance for the occurrence of insulinoma and its localization is appropriate for pregnant women suffering severe hypoglycemia.
Presenters at chiropractic research conferences 2010–2019: is there a gender equity problem?
Authors: Aspinall Sasha L , Nim Casper Glissmann , Harsted Steen , Miller Amy , Øverås Cecilie K , Roseen Eric J , Young James J , Søgaard Karen , Kawchuk Greg , Hartvigsen Jan
Published: August 2023

Background

Presenting at professional and scientific conferences can be an important part of an individual’s career advancement, especially for researchers communicating scientific findings, and can signal expertise and leadership. Generally, women presenting at conferences are underrepresented in various science disciplines. We aimed to evaluate the gender of presenters at research-oriented chiropractic conferences from 2010 to 2019.

Methods

We investigated the gender of presenters at conferences hosted by chiropractic organisations from 2010 to 2019 that utilised an abstract submission process. Gender classification was performed by two independent reviewers. The gender distribution of presenters over the ten-year period was analysed with linear regression. The association of conference factors with the gender distribution of presenters was also assessed with linear regression, including the gender of organising committees and abstract peer reviewers, and the geographic region where the conference was hosted.

Results

From 39 conferences, we identified 4,340 unique presentations. Women gave 1,528 (35%) of the presentations. No presenters were classified as gender diverse. Overall, the proportion of women presenters was 30% in 2010 and 42% in 2019, with linear regression demonstrating a 1% increase in women presenting per year (95% CI = 0.4–1.6%). Invited/keynote speakers had the lowest proportion of women (21%) and the most stagnant trajectory over time. The gender of conference organisers and abstract peer reviewers were not significantly associated with the gender of presenters. Oceanic conferences had a lower proportion of women presenting compared to North America (27% vs. 36%).

Conclusions

Overall, women gave approximately one-third of presentations at the included conferences, which gradually increased from 2010 to 2019. However, the disparity widens for the most prestigious class of keynote/invited presenters. We make several recommendations to support the goal of gender equity, including monitoring and reporting on gender diversity at future conferences.
A multidimensional nomogram combining clinical factors and imaging features to predict 1-year recurrence of low back pain with or without radicular pain after spinal manipulation/mobilization
Authors: Sun Dai , Liu Yang-yang , Luo Dan , Wu Ye-qi , Yan Zhi-qiang , Liang Yun-qi , Huang Xue-yan , Lin Jia-long , Luo Hua-song , Wang Rui
Published: August 2023

Background

In this retrospective study, we aimed to develop a nomogram to predict recurrence during a 1-year period of spinal manipulation/mobilization (SM/M) in patients with low back pain (LBP) with greater pain intensity, more severe comorbid conditions, or a neuropathic component.

Methods

A total of 786 consecutive patients with LBP treated with SM/M as primary therapy were divided into training (n = 545) and validation (n = 241) sets. Cox regression analyses were used to assess the relative value of clinical factors and lumbar magnetic resonance imaging features associated with recurrence during the 1-year period. Predictors of recurrence with significant differences were used to construct a nomogram in the training set. We evaluated the performance of the model on the training and validation sets to determine its discriminative ability, calibration, and clinical utility. The prognostic value of the nomogram for predicting recurrence was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analyses.

Results

A nomogram comprising hospitalization time, previous history of LBP, disease duration, lumbar range of motion, lower extremity tendon reflex, muscle strength, ratio of herniation to uncompressed dural sac area, and Pfirrmann classification was established for recurrence during a 1-year period after SM/M in patients with LBP. Favorable calibration and discrimination were observed in the nomogram training and validation sets (C-index 0.753 and 0.779, respectively). Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical utility of the nomogram. Over a 1-year period, the nomogram showed satisfactory performance in predicting recurrence in LBP after SM/M.

Conclusion

We established and validated a novel nomogram that can accurately predict a patient's risk of LBP recurrence following SM/M. This realistic prognostic model may aid doctors and therapists in their decision-making process and strategy optimization for non-surgical treatment of LBP using SM/M.
Renal cancer secretome induces migration of mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Popławski Piotr , Zarychta-Wiśniewska Weronika , Burdzińska Anna , Bogusławska Joanna , Adamiok-Ostrowska Anna , Hanusek Karolina , Rybicka Beata , Białas Alex , Kossowska Helena , Iwanicka-Nowicka Roksana , Koblowska Marta , Pączek Leszek , Piekiełko-Witkowska Agnieszka
Published: August 2023

Background

Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is therapeutically challenging. RCC progression is facilitated by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that exert remarkable tumor tropism. The specific mechanisms mediating MSCs’ migration to RCC remain unknown. Here, we aimed to comprehensively analyze RCC secretome to identify MSCs attractants.

Methods

Conditioned media (CM) were collected from five RCC-derived cell lines (Caki-1, 786-O, A498, KIJ265T and KIJ308T) and non-tumorous control cell line (RPTEC/TERT1) and analyzed using cytokine arrays targeting 274 cytokines in addition to global CM proteomics. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of patients undergoing standard orthopedic surgeries. RCC CM and the selected recombinant cytokines were used to analyze their influence on MSCs migration and microarray-targeted gene expression. The expression of genes encoding cytokines was evaluated in 100 matched-paired control-RCC tumor samples.

Results

When compared with normal cells, CM from advanced RCC cell lines (Caki-1 and KIJ265T) were the strongest stimulators of MSCs migration. Targeted analysis of 274 cytokines and global proteomics of RCC CM revealed decreased DPP4 and EGF, as well as increased AREG, FN1 and MMP1, with consistently altered gene expression in RCC cell lines and tumors. AREG and FN1 stimulated, while DPP4 attenuated MSCs migration. RCC CM induced MSCs’ transcriptional reprogramming, stimulating the expression of CD44, PTX3 and RAB27B. RCC cells secreted hyaluronic acid (HA), a CD44 ligand mediating MSCs’ homing to the kidney. AREG emerged as an upregulator of MSCs’ transcription.

Conclusions

Advanced RCC cells secrete AREG, FN1 and HA to induce MSCs migration, while DPP4 loss prevents its inhibitory effect on MSCs homing. RCC secretome induces MSCs’ transcriptional reprograming to facilitate their migration. The identified components of RCC secretome represent potential therapeutic targets.

Graphical abstract
Optimal partial regularity of discontinuous subelliptic systems with VMO coefficients related to Hörmander’s vector fields
Authors: Zhu Yan , Wang Jialin , Liao Dongni
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we study discontinuous subelliptic systems with VMO coefficients related to Hörmander’s vector fields. In the case of growth exponential $p\geq 2$
p
≥
2
 , the regularity results of the partial Hölder continuity of weak solutions are established based on the $\mathcal{A}$
A
-harmonic approximation method under the controllable growth condition.
Herpesviruses reactivation following COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shafiee Arman , Amini Mohammad Javad , Arabzadeh Bahri Razman , Jafarabady Kyana , Salehi Seyyed Amirhossein , Hajishah Hamed , Mozhgani Sayed-Hamidreza
Published: August 2023

Background

The reactivation of herpesviruses (HHV) in COVID-19 patients is evident in the literature. Several reports have been published regarding the reactivation of these viruses (HSV, VZV, EBV, and CMV) among those who got COVID-19 vaccines. In this study, we aimed to review the current evidence to assess whether HHVs reactivation has any association with the prior administration of COVID-19 vaccines.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on 25 September 2022 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE. We included all observational studies, case reports, and case series which reported the reactivation of human herpesviruses following administration of COVID-19 vaccines.

Results

Our systematic search showed 80 articles that meet the eligibility criteria. Among the evaluated COVID-19 vaccines, most of the vaccines were mRNA based. Evidence from observational studies showed the possible relation between COVID-19 vaccine administration and VZV and HSV reactivation. The results of our proportion meta-analysis showed that the rate of VZV reactivation among those who received the COVID-19 vaccine was 14 persons per 1000 vaccinations (95% CI 2.97–32.80). Moreover, our meta-analysis for HSV reactivation showed the rate of 16 persons per 1000 vaccinations (95% CI 1.06–46.4). Furthermore, the evidence from case reports/series showed 149 cases of HHV reactivation. There were several vaccines that caused reactivation including BNT162b2 mRNA or Pfizer–BioNTech (n = 76), Oxford-AstraZeneca (n = 22), mRNA-1273 or Moderna (n = 17), Sinovac (n = 4), BBIBP-CorV or Sinopharm (n = 3), Covaxin (n = 3), Covishield (n = 3), and Johnson and Johnson (n = 1). Reactivated HHVs included varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (n = 114), cytomegalovirus (CMV) (n = 15), herpes simplex virus (HSV) (n = 14), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (n = 6), and HHV-6 (n = 2). Most cases reported their disease after the first dose of the vaccine. Many patients reported having comorbidities, of which hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, chicken pox, and atrial fibrillation were common.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our study showed the possible association between COVID-19 vaccination and herpesvirus reactivation. The evidence for VZV and HSV was supported by observational studies. However, regarding other herpesviruses (EBV and CMV), further research especially from observational studies and clinical trials is required to elucidate the interaction between COVID-19 vaccination and their reactivation.