bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of readers' sentiments on book sales: an applied study of sentiment analysis of bestselling book reviews on Amazon
Authors: Mokhtar Ahmed
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to analyze the sentiments of reviews for the bestselling books on Amazon to explore the positive, negative, and neutral emotions expressed in these reviews and assess their impact on book sales. This was achieved through the use of machine learning and natural language processing techniques available in the Orange Data Mining environment, supported by Python libraries and algorithms such as Vader and LDA. The study followed a descriptive-analytical approach and collected a total of 4,145 reviews using web scraping techniques from Amazon. These reviews pertained to the top 20 bestselling books on Amazon during the period from August 18 to August 25, 2024.
The study yielded several key findings, the most notable being that the book Good Energy ranked first among the top 20 bestselling books on Amazon, followed by Imminent in second place and Atomic Habits in third. The study also demonstrated that bestselling books are not limited to a specific genre but span various fields of knowledge. One of the main conclusions was that readers' emotions towards books are a significant factor influencing purchasing decisions and book sales. The study revealed that positive sentiments dominated the reviews, with approximately 3,603 positive reviews, representing 87% of the total. Most of these reviews were classified under the "Joy" category, accounting for 3,474 reviews or 83.3%, according to Ekman’s model.
The study concluded with a set of recommendations and proposed mechanisms directed at authors, publishers, and digital platforms. One key recommendation is to leverage sentiment analysis results in marketing campaigns and develop recommendation algorithms that do not solely rely on star ratings but also incorporate sentiment analysis of reviews. It also suggested displaying books with higher positive sentiment at the top of the browsing lists in specific subject areas. Additionally, the study recommended issuing periodic reports listing books that recorded the highest percentage of positive sentiment in reader reviews, categorized by subject. It also proposed providing a brief graphical summary for each book, showing the evolution of reader sentiments and how they reflect on the book’s sales performance.
Local Government Policy of Oil and Natural Gas Governance: A Case Study of Indonesia
Authors: Eliza Zuraida Zen  , Thereza Efriliya N
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine the policies used by the Bojonegoro Government in managing oil and gas in economic resilience and the impact on the development of oil and gas mining in the socio-economic community in Mojodelik Village, Gayam District, Bojonegoro Regency. By using qualitative descriptive methods and using data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the realization of economic resilience during the period of Regent Suyoto was achieved through the issuance of Regional Regulation Number 23 of 2011. Furthermore, the negative impacts caused by oil and gas management policies are greater than the positive impacts because the entire community feels more negative impacts such as socio-economic and environmental stability are disrupted, such as reduced community income, the location of agricultural land with houses is getting further away, reduced water absorption, reduced interaction between farmers and farm laborers, and the emergence of envy between farmers affected by land acquisition. And the positive impacts are able to help facilitate travel including speeding up travel distances and shortening travel time between regions considering that roads without obstacles speed up travel time.
Historik Josef Macůrek a brněnská škola historické slavistiky
Authors: Vlček Radomír
Published: December 2024

Josef Macůrek as a historian and the Brno school of historical Slavic studies

This paper analyses scholarly, scientific and organizational pursuits of one of the most influential historians of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe of the 20th century – Josef Macůrek (1901–1992), a professor of Masaryk University in Brno – and his legacy. For this study, the wide range of topics covered by Macůrek and his students has been limited to the concept of the history of Slavs, i.e. the history of particular Slavic nations, and to the history of Slavic studies. The section on the historiographic school of Josef Macůrek focuses on the history of Slavic studies, as this topic is an apex of the works of Macůrek’s students through which they achieved outstanding results and international acclaim. The text itself is divided by topics into two main sections and further into several chapters. The first section traces the concept of the history of the Slavs and Slavic studies that Macůrek brought forth; the second one analyses the same topic in the works of several of his students and presents a selection, rather than a comprehensive anthology, and an analysis based on the study of Josef Macůrek’s and his students’ texts, supplemented by primary sources on their position in historiography and Slavic studies. The primary sources used consist primarily of the archival collections of Masaryk Institute and the Archive of the CAS, v.v.i., and of the Archive of the Masaryk University. Attention was also paid to the memoirs of the main participants, as well as those of other contributors. Secondary sources were also used, primarily those directly referring to Josef Macůrek and his students.
Pemilu dan Partai Politik: Pendidikan Politik dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Politik Generasi Muda
Authors: Novandika Bella , Riyanti Ratna
Published: December 2024

Partisipasi politik generasi muda merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam menentukan kualitas demokrasi di sebuah negara. Namun, partisipasi politik generasi muda di Kota Manado pada Pemilu Legislatif 2014 menunjukkan kecenderungan minimnya pemahaman tentang pentingnya pendidikan politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran pendidikan politik dalam meningkatkan partisipasi politik generasi muda. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, ditemukan bahwa keluarga, lingkungan tempat beraktivitas, dan media massa memainkan peran signifikan dalam memberikan informasi politik. Namun, mayoritas generasi muda hanya mengikuti partisipasi politik secara konvensional, tanpa motivasi yang kuat atau pemahaman yang mendalam. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan program pendidikan politik yang lebih terstruktur dan relevan untuk mendorong generasi muda menjadi pemilih yang kritis, cerdas, dan bertanggung jawab.
La Cultura de Inclusión a Partir del Compromiso Del Docente De Educación Básica
Authors: Pastrana Muñoz Juan Carlos , González Martínez María Nohemí
Published: December 2024

Este artículo surge de un análisis crítico-reflexivo realizado por los autores a partir de sus experiencias investigativas doctorales vinculadas con el enfoque de educación inclusiva. Su objetivo principal es examinar la cultura de la inclusión desde la perspectiva del compromiso docente en instituciones de educación básica. El marco teórico se fundamenta en autores como Amorós (2007), Anda (2007), Blanco (2009), Booth y Ainscow (2015), Borjas (2008), Cantú (2006), Díaz y Hernández, Martínez (2011), Echeita (2014, 2016, 2019), MEN (2008, 2017), y documentos de la UNESCO (2008, 2011); entre otros. Metodológicamente, se inscribe en el paradigma interpretativo de la investigación cualitativa, empleando el análisis documental y la observación como técnicas principales para desarrollar las reflexiones finales. Se concluye que la cultura de la inclusión exige al docente un compromiso ético que promueva la planificación, organización y evaluación flexibles, respetando y valorando las capacidades individuales de cada estudiante, y fomentando su interés, identidad y disposición para alcanzar las metas de una educación inclusiva.
Okul Sporlarına Katılan Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Bedensel Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri
Authors: Çalı Oğuzhan
Published: December 2024

Araştırmada okul sporlarına katılan ortaokul öğrencilerinin bedensel okuryazarlık düzeylerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem olarak tarama deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında Sivas merkeze bağlı ortaokullarda eğitim gören ve okul sporları faaliyetlerine katılmış olan 410 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Kişisel bilgi formu” ve “Ortaokul öğrencileri için bedensel okuryazarlık tutum ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Kişisel bilgi formu ile katılımcıların cinsiyet, spor türü ve spor yılı değişkenlerine yönelik bilgiler alınmıştır. Bedensel okuryazarlık tutum ölçeği 34 maddeden ve 8 alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin genel güvenirlik katsayısı 0.93’tür. Veriler normal dağılım gösterdiğinden cinsiyet ve spor türü değişkenlerinin analizinde t-testi, spor yılı değişkeninin analizinde ise tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. İstatistikî anlamlılık düzeyi p
Advancing Aquaculture Integrating Microbiome Modulation, Immunomodulatory Approaches, and Mitigating Environmental Stressors in Nile Tilapia Farming
Authors: Adeeba Naseer  , Nadish Mustafa  , Sara Iftikhar  , Zeeshan Ul Hassan Fareed  , Waqas Bashir  , Kamran Khan  , Iqra Batool  , Iram Zafar  , Usman Ali  , Nimra Ather
Published: December 2024

Sustainable aquaculture methods must be advanced to meet the problems presented by environmental stresses and the expanding worldwide need for food. This study examines cutting-edge methods for raising Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), emphasizing immunomodulatory techniques, microbiome modification, and the crucial task of reducing environmental stresses to increase resilience and production. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are important in enhancing nutrition absorption, promoting disease resistance, and optimizing gut health, making microbiome modification an essential strategy. The use of functional feeds enhanced with bioactive chemicals and the creation of tailored vaccinations are two examples of advances in immunomodulatory approaches that have demonstrated promise in bolstering tilapia's immune systems against pathogenic threats. A holistic strategy to guarantee sustainable production is provided by simultaneously reducing environmental stresses, such as hypoxia, variable water temperatures, and pollutant exposure, through enhanced aquaculture systems, water quality control, and stress-resilient fish strains. The importance of addressing these environmental stressors is underscored, as they pose significant threats to the industry. Emerging technologies like genomics, transcriptomics, and precision aquaculture tools, which allow for the monitoring and adjusting of farming operations to suit the unique requirements of Nile tilapia, further facilitate the integration of these tactics. This review highlights the potential of comprehensive, science-driven methods in converting Nile tilapia farming into a resilient, sustainable, and fruitful enterprise and emphasizes the importance of addressing environmental stressors in this transformation.
Examining the Impact of Microbial Compost from Anaerobic Digestion on Soil Fertility and Maize Crop Nutrient Uptake
Authors: Amna Nisar  , Abdul Qadir Kumbhar  , Ayesha Gulzar  , Aiman Aslam  , Sadia Nazeer  , Hiaz Ullah  , Zawat Afnan  , Muhammad Zeeshan  , Fiaz Rasool  , Mohsin Ali
Published: December 2024

This research study was to evaluate the effects of combining microbial compost and mineral fertilizer on soil properties, maize growth, and nutrient uptake. Therefore, after selecting normal soil, 10 kg of soil was placed in each pot. Nine treatments with three replications were applied by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) for the study layout. The results revealed that the maximum plant height (101.73 cm), shoot fresh weight (69.36 g), shoot dry weight (128.6 g), root fresh weight (1.68 g), and root dry weight (0.89 g), as well as the highest content of nitrogen (1.66%), the highest phosphorus concentration (1.04%), and the maximum potassium concentration (2.13%) were noted in SF+MM + ½ NPK, while contents of iron (80.2 mg/kg), zinc (98.46 mg/kg), copper (78.66 mg/kg), and manganese (67.7 mg/kg) were also recorded in SF+MM + ½ NPK compared to other treatments. After harvesting maize crops, the lowest pH (7.27), highest EC (0.38 dS/M), and the highest contents of organic matter (1.03%) were recorded in SF+MM + ½ NPK. Maximum nitrogen content in soil (37 mg/kg), phosphorus content in soil (19.7 mg/kg), and potassium content in soil (105.8 mg/kg) were recorded in T8, while maximum contents of iron (4.88 mg/kg), zinc (1.80 mg/kg), copper (0.51 mg/kg), and manganese (1.95 mg/kg) were recorded in SF+MM + ½ NPK. The combination of SF+MM + ½ NPK showed to be the most effective treatment, whereas the usage of compost and chemical fertilizer alone remained the least effective.
ВЕРОЯТНЫЙ МЕХАНИЗМ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 2-ХЛОРФЕНИЛ-АЗО-4-ГИДРОКСИФЕНИЛ-КАРБОКСИ-3
Authors: Джураева Шохиста Дилмурадовна
Published: December 2024

A new method for the synthesis of new compounds based on substituted azophenols containing atoms of different positions of electron-acceptor and electron-donor substituents has been studied. The technological process has been developed, the installation consists of one technological line, the process is periodic. The synthesis of highly effective azo dyes is used in almost all sectors of the economy, in particular, in the engineering, chemical and pharmaceutical industries for dyeing natural, synthetic polymers, fibers, as well as for dyeing tablets.
METHODS OF OBTAINING AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE AND ITS AREAS OF APPLICATION
Authors: Yusupova Guzal Khusankhizi , Jumayev Mansur Shokirugli , Anorboyeva Noila Alisherkhizi
Published: December 2024

Ammophos is an effective mineral fertilizer that combines nitrogen and phosphorus, widely used in agriculture. Its production is mainly carried out by reacting phosphorous raw materials with ammonia. Granulation technology ensures the product is prepared in a convenient form. This fertilizer plays a significant role in increasing crop yields and improving soil fertility. Ammophos is utilized in agriculture for various crops, including grains, vegetables, and fruit trees. Additionally, it is applied in the chemical industry and environmental sectors. Due to its optimal composition and efficiency, ammophos is highly valued as a universal fertilizer [3-4].
Digitalization of universal excise tax administration in the EAEU countries: innovative approaches and harmonization problems
Authors: Shamaev Semen Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2024

The subject of this study is the administration of universal excise taxes, specifically one of its forms—value-added tax (VAT) – in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The study examines VAT within the context of tax system harmonization, digitalization of administration, and taxation of cross-border transactions. The focus is on differences in VAT rates, levels of process automation, and approaches to tax administration, which create barriers to integration and reduce the efficiency of tax systems. Special attention is given to the impact of digitalization on improving VAT collection, reducing the tax gap, and increasing the transparency of tax accounting. Additionally, the study explores the experiences of international integration organizations, such as the European Union, in tax unification and the implementation of digital platforms for taxpayer accounting and the administration of cross-border transactions. The methodological basis of the study includes the analysis of statistical data on VAT receipts, a comparative analysis of the tax systems of EAEU countries, and an examination of international experience, particularly the practices of the European Union. Methods such as generalization, modeling, and economic and mathematical analysis were applied to assess the effectiveness of current and prospective VAT administration mechanisms. The results demonstrate a strong dependence of tax revenue growth on the level of digitalization in administrative systems. It has been established that creating a unified digital VAT accounting platform can minimize the tax gap, improve tax collection, and reduce administrative costs. Key barriers to harmonization have been identified, including differences in VAT rates and the absence of a unified approach to the taxation of digital services. The practical significance of the results lies in their potential application to the development of joint programs among EAEU member states in the field of tax policy coordination, as well as the creation of a common supranational tax policy for the EAEU. Recommendations have been developed to adapt international best practices, including the introduction of automated taxpayer accounting systems, and specific steps have been proposed to unify the taxation of cross-border trade. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for coordinated efforts among EAEU countries to create a unified tax strategy. Such a strategy would enhance VAT collection, strengthen economic integration, and foster more transparent interactions between market participants.
The role of artificial intelligence in the tax administration of bankruptcy proceedings of insolvent organizations
Authors: Krichevsiki Evgenii Nikitich
Published: December 2024

In the era of digital transformation, artificial intelligence (hereinafter – AI) is becoming a key tool in tax administration. This article is a study of the possibilities of using AI in the tax administration of insolvent organizations (bankrupt), as well as the mechanics of introducing AI technologies into the work of structural divisions of tax authorities responsible for ensuring bankruptcy procedures for insolvent organizations and the prospects for their adaptation in the Russian tax administration system. Currently, bankruptcy is a macroeconomic factor and the need to apply AI in Russian practice, including to ensure bankruptcy procedures, is possible through the introduction of algorithms for monitoring and analyzing financial statements of enterprises. The article analyzes the international experience of using AI in the work of judicial and fiscal authorities, in order to adapt the selected approaches within the Russian system, which will contribute to increasing transparency and efficiency of tax administration. The basis of the research methodology is formed on the basis of general scientific and special research methods, including methods of comparative analysis, a method of generalizing results when formulating conclusions and presenting priority areas, a method of system analysis and expert assessment. The novelty of this study lies in the adaptation of tools and the introduction of AI mechanics into the tax administration of insolvent organizations (bankrupt). Conclusion. The introduction of AI into the work of the Federal Tax Service of Russia, in terms of tax administration of insolvent organizations, is a major vector towards improving the effectiveness of bankruptcy procedures for insolvent organizations. At the same time, the development of the institute of bankruptcy with the gradual introduction of AI contributes to: the development of predictive analytics, the construction of models for predicting the outcome of cases, the identification of distortions in the debtor's statements and balance sheet, reducing the cost of administering bankruptcy procedures, reducing the time spent on data processing. International experience demonstrates the high effectiveness of such technologies. The adaptation of the analyzed tools for Russian practice will open up new opportunities for digitalization, increase the transparency of tax administration, and also contribute to the development of international interdepartmental electronic interaction.
Fuzzy permutation time irreversibility for nonequilibrium analysis of complex system
Authors: YAO Wenpo ,   School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
Published: December 2024

Permutation time irreversibility is an important method to quantify the nonequilibrium characteristics; however, ordinal pattern is a coarse-graining alternative of temporal structure and cannot accurately represent detailed structural information. In this paper, a fuzzy permutation time irreversibility (fpTIR) is proposed by measuring the difference between vector elements based on a negative exponential function. Amplitude permutation of vector is constructed and its membership degree is calculated, then the difference in probability distribution between the forward sequence and backward sequence is measured for fpTIR. For comparison, Shannon entropy is calculated as the average amount of information in the fuzzy permutation probability distribution, i.e. fuzzy permutation entropy (fPEn), to measure the complexity of the system. According to the surrogate theory, mode series are generated by logistic, Henon, and first-order autoregressive systems to verify the fpTIR, which is then used to analyze heart rates of congestive heart failure, healthy elderly and healthy young subjects from PhysioNet database. The results suggest that fpTIR effectively measures the nonequilibrium characteristic of system and improves the accuracy of heart rate analysis. Since fpTIR and fPEn are different in analyzing probability distributions, they have discrepancies in chaotic series and even opposite results in the heart rate signals, where the results of fpTIR are consistent with theory of complexity loss in aging and disease. In conclusion, the fpTIR not only accurately characterizes the structure of sequences and enhances the effect of the nonequilibrium analysis of complex systems, but also provides a new perspective and theoretical basis for exploring complex systems from the perspectives of nonequilibrium dynamics and entropy complexity.
Investigation of drafting-kissing-tumbling movement of two particles with conjugate heat transfer
Authors: ZHANG Xiaojie , ZHAO Qianqian , HUANG Rongzong ,   School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Published: December 2024

The conjugate heat transfer at the particle-fluid interface and the collision between particles play a crucial role in the sedimentation process of particles. In this work, the recent volumetric lattice Boltzmann method for thermal particulate flows with conjugate heat transfer is adopted to investigate the drafting-kissing-tumbling movement in the sedimentation process of two particles in a closed channel. This volumetric lattice Boltzmann method is based on double distribution functions, with the density distribution function used for the velocity field and the internal energy distribution function used for the temperature field. It is a single-domain approach, and the nonslip velocity condition within the solid domain can be strictly ensured. The difference in thermophysical properties between the solid and fluid can be correctly handled, and the conjugate heat transfer condition can be automatically achieved without any additional treatments. Based on this particle-resolved simulation, the influences of the solid-to-fluid specific heat ratio, the Grashof number, and the particle’s initial temperature on the drafting-kissing-tumbling movement are discussed in detail. It is found that the fluid cooled by the particle and thus subjected to the downward buoyancy force can promote particle sedimentation. As the specific heat ratio increases, the particle’s temperature rises relatively slowly. In the sedimentation of two cold particles, the drafting duration and tumbling duration of the drafting-kissing-tumbling movement decrease when the heat capacity ratio increases. In contrast, the kissing duration increases as the heat capacity ratio increases. When the Grashof number increases, the heat transfer between the particle and fluid is enhanced, and the drafting duration significantly decreases while the kissing duration and tumbling duration remain almost unchanged in the sedimentation of two cold particles. The particle’s initial temperature greatly affects the occurrence moment of the drafting-kissing-tumbling movement. To be specific, the drafting-kissing-tumbling movement occurs at the earliest moment for the sedimentation of two cold particles, followed by the sedimentation of one cold and one hot particle, and the latest for the sedimentation of two hot particles. The promoting effect of the low particle’s initial temperature on the drafting-kissing-tumbling movement mainly takes place in the dragging stage and kissing stage. The particle’s initial temperature has almost no influence on the tumbling duration.
Transfer of optical orbital angular momentum under nonreciprocity-reciprocity amplification conversion
Authors: LI Ruonan , XUE Jingjing , SONG Dan , LI Xin , WANG Dan , YANG Baodong , ZHOU Haitao ,   School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: December 2024

Magnet-free optical nonreciprocity has significant applications in quantum communication, quantum networks, and optical information processing. In this research, considering a degenerate two-level thermal atomic system with the Doppler effect of thermal atoms, the nonreciprocal amplification (NRA) of dual-path degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) signals is achieved under the action of a co-propagating pumping field. On this basis, spatially multiplexed multiple FWM processes are formed by introducing another counter-propagating pumping field, thereby achieving the reciprocal amplification (RA) of the dual-channel FWM signals. Furthermore, by using multiple sets of spiral phase plates to load spiral phases on the signal light and the pumping light respectively, higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian vortex beams carrying different optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) are generated and participate in the FWM process, achieving the transfer of the OAM of the pumping light to the amplified FWM fields. Simultaneously, using the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the conservation characteristics of the OAM of each FWM signal in the NRA-RA conversion are further analyzed. Furthermore, experimental results demonstrate that in the multiple FWM process induced by a pair of counter-propagating pump fields, the OAM of the amplified FWM signal in each channel varies with that of the pump field. However, the overall process maintains the OAM conservation. This study provides a feasible solution for expanding the channel capacity using OAM based on NRA-RA system, showing that the OAM has potential application prospects in achieving high-capacity optical communication and multi-channel signal processing.
Simulation study of precision spectroscopy of dielectronic recombination for highly charged heavy ions at HIAF
Authors: HUANG Houke , WEN Weiqiang , HUANG Zhongkui , WANG Shuxing , TANG Meitang , LI Jie , MAO Lijun , YUAN Yang , WAN Mengyu , LIU Chang , WANG Hanbing , ZHOU Xiaopeng , ZHAO Dongmei , YAN Kaiming , ZHOU Yunbin , YUAN Youjin , YANG Jiancheng , ZHANG Shaofeng , ZHU Linfan , MA Xinwen ,   Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: December 2024

Dielectronic recombination (DR) experiments of highly charged ions not only provide essential atomic benchmark data for astrophysical and fusion plasma research but also serve as a stringent test for strong-field quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects, relativistic effects, and electron correlation effects. High-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility (HIAF), currently under construction at Huizhou, China, will have a high-precision spectrometer ring (SRing) equipped with a 450 kV electron-cooler and an 80 kV ultracold electron-target. This advanced setup facilitates precise measurements of the DR process for highly charged ions in a broad range of center-of-mass energy, from meV to tens of keV. In this work, we carry out the molecular dynamics simulation of the electron beam temperature distribution of the ultracold electron-target at the SRing. The simulation results indicate that after treatment by the designed adiabatic magnetic field and acceleration field, the transverse and longitudinal electron beam temperature generated by the thermionic electron gun can be reduced from 100 meV to below 5 meV and 0.1 meV, respectively. Furthermore, we analyze the influence of this ultracold electron beam temperature on the resonance peak and energy resolution in DR experiment. The resolution gain at the SRing electron-target is particularly pronounced at small electron-ion collision energy, which provides unique experimental conditions for the DR experiments. Taking lithium-like \begin{document}$ {}_{~\,54}^{129}{{\mathrm{X}}{\mathrm{e}}}^{51+} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ {}_{~\,92}^{238}{{\mathrm{U}}}^{89+} $\end{document} ions for example, we simulate the DR resonance spectra at the SRing and compare them with the simulated results from the experimental cooler storage ring CSRe. The results reveal that the SRing experiments can resolve fine DR resonance structures with ultra-high energy resolution compared with those from the CSRe. This work lays a solid foundation for precise DR spectroscopy of highly charged ions at the SRing to stringent test of strong field QED effect and extraction nuclear structure information.
Circulating miRNAs – a Potential Non-invasive Biomarker for Diagnosis of Endometriosis
Authors: Spasova Victoria , Hammoudeh Zora , Antonova Olga , Koleva Liliya , Toncheva Draga , Hadjidekova Savina , Kolev Anatoli , Hristova Diana , Pencheva Ventsisava , Hitrova Stanislava , Sokolov Manol , Korunoski Dejan , Petkova Valentina , Dimitrov Milen , Nikolova Silvia , Karamisheva Vesela
Published: December 2024

Endometriosis is a debilitating disease affecting one in ten women worldwide. Due to several reasons the diagnosis is delayed for 7–11 years. Currently, the ultimate diagnostic procedure is laparoscopy followed by histological examination. The need for non-invasive biomarker is placed as a top priority according to the World Endometriosis Society.
The present study includes 45 females – 30 patients with endometriosis at different stages and 15 healthy controls. An expression analysis of 84 circulating miRNAs was performed comparing between different groups of participants. Ten miRNAs with the most significant expression difference between females at early stage of endometriosis, advanced stage of endometriosis and healthy controls were nominated as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker using a panel of miRNAs.
Juvenile Psammomatoid Ossifying Fibroma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Varshney Anchal , Bhargava Manish , Raj Pratijya , Kumari Karuna
Published: December 2024

Juvenile Ossifying Fibroma (JOF) is a rare, non cancerous overgrowth of bone in the face or jaw. There are two subtypes of JOF:
Juvenile Psammomatoid Ossifying Fibroma (JPOF) and Trabecular Juvenile Ossifying Fibroma (JTOF). JPOF shows a modest male
predominance (1.2:1), an age range of 3 to 49 years, with a mean age of 17.7 years. The majority of instances are associated with
the orbital bones and paranasal sinuses. Proptosis is the most typical clinical sign of JPOF. Other features include nasal blockage,
headaches, facial oedema, discomfort, recurrent sinusitis, and missing teeth. The lesion is identified under a microscope by a
fibroblastic stroma that contains small ossicles resembling psammoma bodies. The preferred first-line treatment for JPOF is total
resection due to the disease’s potential for rapid growth and recurrence. Hereby, the authors present a rare case of JPOF ossifying
fibroma occurring in the left mandibular molar region of a 50-year-old female who complained of continuous expansion of the lower
jaw. Although benign, the potential for recurrence necessitates follow-up and can impact treatment planning. Early diagnosis and
intervention are crucial for a favourable outcome.
Four Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Subgroups, Defined by Autoantibodies Status, Differ Regarding HLA‐DRB1 Genotype Associations and Immunological and Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Diaz‐Gallo Lina‐Marcela , Oke Vilija , Lundström Emeli , Elvin Kerstin , Ling Wu Yee , Eketjäll Susanna , Zickert Agneta , Gustafsson Johanna T. , Jönsen Andreas , Leonard Dag , Birmingham Daniel J. , Nordmark Gunnel , Bengtsson Anders A. , Rönnblom Lars , Gunnarsson Iva , Yu Chack‐Yung , Padyukov Leonid , Svenungsson Elisabet
Published: October 2021

Objective

The heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) constitutes clinical and therapeutical challenges. We therefore studied whether unrecognized disease subgroups can be identified by using autoantibody profiling together with HLA‐DRB1 alleles and immunological and clinical data.

Methods

An unsupervised cluster analysis was performed based on detection of 13 SLE‐associated autoantibodies (double‐stranded DNA, nucleosomes, ribosomal P, ribonucleoprotein [RNP] 68, RNPA, Smith [Sm], Sm/RNP, Sjögren's syndrome antigen A [SSA]/Ro52, SSA/Ro60, Sjögren's syndrome antigen B [SSB]/La, cardiolipin [CL]‐Immunoglobulin G [IgG], CL–Immunoglobulin M [IgM], and β2 glycoprotein I [β2GPI]–IgG) in 911 patients with SLE from two cohorts. We evaluated whether each SLE subgroup is associated with HLA‐DRB1 alleles, clinical manifestations (n = 743), and cytokine levels in circulation (n = 446).

Results

Our analysis identified four subgroups among the patients with SLE. Subgroup 1 (29.3%) was dominated by anti‐SSA/Ro60/Ro52/SSB autoantibodies and was strongly associated with HLA‐DRB1*03 (odds ratio [OR] = 4.73; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.52‐4.94). Discoid lesions were more common for this disease subgroup (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.18‐2.47). Subgroup 2 (28.7%) was dominated by anti‐nucleosome/SmRNP/DNA/RNPA autoantibodies and associated with HLA‐DRB1*15 (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.41‐1.84). Nephritis was most common in this subgroup (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.14‐2.26). Subgroup 3 (23.8%) was characterized by anti‐ß2GPI‐IgG/anti‐CL–IgG/IgM autoantibodies and a higher frequency of HLA‐DRB1*04 compared with the other patients with SLE. Vascular events were more common in Subgroup 3 (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.2‐2.5). Subgroup 4 (18.2%) was negative for the investigated autoantibodies, and this subgroup was not associated with HLA‐DRB1. Additionally, the levels of eight cytokines significantly differed among the disease subgroups.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that four fairly distinct subgroups can be identified on the basis of the autoantibody profile in SLE. These four SLE subgroups differ regarding associations with HLA‐DRB1 alleles and immunological and clinical features, suggesting dissimilar disease pathways.
Ultrasonically Propelled Micro‐ and Nanorobots
Authors: Li Jinhua , Mayorga‐Martinez Carmen C. , Ohl Claus‐Dieter , Pumera Martin
Published: October 2021

Ultrasound at sufficiently low amplitudes, specifically in the MHz frequency range, does little harm to the biological samples (such as cells and tissues) and provides an advantageous and well‐controlled means to efficiently power microswimmers. In this review, a state‐of‐the‐art overview of ultrasonically propelled micro‐ and nanorobots from the perspective of chemistry, physics, and materials science is given. First, the well‐established theory of ultrasound propulsion for micro/nanorobots is introduced. Second, the setup designs for ultrasound propulsion of micro/nanorobots are classified. Following this, the presentative fabrication methods of ultrasonic micro/nanorobots are summarized in detail. After this, the mechanisms of ultrasound propulsion for micro/nanorobots are explored and discussed. The hybrid motion of magnetic‐, light‐, and catalytic‐driven micro/nanorobots with ultrasonic actuation is then summarized and discussed. Subsequently, this review highlights and discusses representative potential applications of ultrasound‐powered functional micro/nanorobots in biomedical, environmental, and other relevant fields. Lastly, this review presents a future outlook on the ultrasound‐driven micro/nanorobots.
All‐Green Solvent‐Processed Planar Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells with Outstanding Power Conversion Efficiency of 16%
Authors: Wan Ji , Zeng Li , Liao Xunfan , Chen Zeng , Liu Siqi , Zhu Peipei , Zhu Haiming , Chen Yiwang
Published: October 2021

Device engineering is an effective way to improve the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Currently, the widely used bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure has problems such as material solubility limitations and the emerging pseudoplanar heterojunction (PPHJ) structure is also troubled by printing technology requirements. However, these issues can be solved by the reasonable application of traditional planar heterojunction (PHJ) structure. Herein, PM6:BO‐4F system is selected to prepare PHJ devices by combining sequential spin‐coating and orthogonal solvent strategy. In view of the good solubility of PM6 and BO‐4F in commonly used high‐boiling solvent chlorobenzene (CB) and green solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF), respectively, the PHJ devices are successfully prepared by using these two orthogonal solvents, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.6%. On this basis, green nonhalogen reagent o‐xylene (O‐XY) is further used to process PM6. Due to the large polarity difference between O‐XY and THF, all‐green solvent‐processed PHJ devices are successfully fabricated and obtain an astonishing PCE of 16%. As far as it is known, it is the highest efficiency for PHJ OSCs. The results prove the huge research potential of PHJ structure and point out new direction for solving OSC materials compatibility, long‐term stability, and future commercial applications.
Position‐Controlled Fabrication of Vertically Aligned Mo/MoS2 Core–Shell Nanopillar Arrays
Authors: Maduro Louis , Noordam Marc , Bolhuis Maarten , Kuipers Laurens , Conesa‐Boj Sonia
Published: October 2021

The fabrication of 2D materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), in geometries beyond the standard platelet‐like configuration exhibits significant challenges which severely limit the range of available morphologies. These challenges arise due to the anisotropic character of their bonding van der Waals out‐of‐plane while covalent in‐plane. Furthermore, industrial applications based on TMD nanostructures with non‐standard morphologies require full control on the size‐, morphology‐, and position on the wafer scale. Such a precise control remains an open problem of which solution would lead to the opening of novel directions in terms of optoelectronic applications. Here, a novel strategy to fabricate position‐controlled Mo/MoS2 core–shell nanopillars (NPs) is reported on. Metal‐Mo NPs are first patterned on a silicon wafer. These Mo NPs are then used as scaffolds for the synthesis of Mo/MoS2 core/shell NPs by exposing them to a rich sulfur environment. Transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the core/shell nature of the NPs. It is demonstrated that individual Mo/MoS2 NPs exhibits significant nonlinear optical processes driven by the MoS2 shell, realizing a precise localization of the nonlinear signal. These results represent an important step towards realizing 1D TMD‐based nanostructures as building blocks of a new generation of nanophotonic devices.
Thermo‐Optically Designed Scalable Photonic Films with High Thermal Conductivity for Subambient and Above‐Ambient Radiative Cooling
Authors: Li Pengli , Wang Ao , Fan Junjie , Kang Qi , Jiang Pingkai , Bao Hua , Huang Xingyi
Published: October 2021

Radiative cooling is a promising passive cooling technology that reflects sunlight and emits heat to deep space without any energy consumption. Current research mainly focuses on cooling non‐heat‐generating objects (e.g., water) to a deep subambient temperature under sunlight. Toward real‐world applications, however, cooling outdoor objects that generate tremendous heat and have a temperature higher than ambient (e.g., communication base stations and data centres) remains a challenge. Herein, a scalable photonic film is prepared by introducing 2D dielectric nanoplates with high backward scattering efficiency into a polymer using a simulation aided thermo‐optical design. It is demonstrated that the dielectric nanoplates can break the trade‐off between optical reflection and thermal dissipation of conventional radiative coolers. The photonic film exhibits superior solar reflectance (98%) and has a stronger heat dissipation ability compared to the matrix. It exhibits ≈4 °C subambient cooling performance under direct sunlight and ≈9 °C cooling performance at night. Moreover, it also demonstrates remarkable above‐ambient cooling performance by reducing the underlying heater temperature of ≈18 °C in comparison with traditional polymers under sunlight. The dielectric nanoplates reported here provide an innovative strategy for applications related to light management beyond subambient and above‐ambient radiative cooling.
Thermochromic Hydrogels with Dynamic Solar Modulation and Regulatable Critical Response Temperature for Energy‐Saving Smart Windows
Authors: Xu Gang , Xia Huan , Chen Pengyu , She Wei , Zhang Hanning , Ma Jing , Ruan Qiushi , Zhang Wei , Sun ZhengMing
Published: October 2021

Conventional buildings consume about 40% of global energy, smart window technologies have been developed for sunlight modulation and energy management. Most current smart windows change from transparent to opaque as the temperature rises, which is detrimental to indoor lighting at daytime or privacy protection at night. In this work, a versatile thermochromic hydrogel system by introducing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles into a crosslinked copolymer of hydrophilic acrylamide and hydrophobic stearyl methacrylate (C18) is developed. The liquid precursor solution can be encapsulated within two glass panels and in situ gelated to prepared smart windows, which showed excellent solar modulation ability (Tlum = 99.05%, DTsolar = 33.42%), dual responsiveness (thermal and pH) and tunable phase transition temperature (20–50 °C). Moreover, this design selectively blocks infrared light, while allowing ultraviolet and visible light through at daytime, which is beneficial for indoor illumination and heat insulation. When temperature drops at night, C18 units aggregate within SDS micelles to increase their dimensions, causing enhanced light blocking properties (opaque) to protect the customers’ privacy. The as‐prepared hydrogel‐based smart windows present a facile strategy to meet the stringent requirements of high transparency, excellent solar modulation ability, easy to fabricate and mechanical flexibility, holding great promise for the next‐generation energy‐saving buildings.
Flexibly Deformable Collagen Hydrogel Tube Reproducing Immunological Tissue Deformation of Blood Vessels as a Pharmacokinetic Testing Model
Authors: Itai Shun , Onoe Hiroaki
Published: October 2021

Since the biochemical reaction of blood vessels plays an essential role in immune response or various diseases, in vitro vascular models have high demand from medical fields. However, vascular models often tend to be difficult to mimic the biomedical reaction faithfully because of the lack of implementation of the tissue deformation. Here, an inflammatory mediator‐induced deformation reaction of a blood vessel on a flexibly deformable collagen hydrogel tube device is reproduced. A self‐standing collagen tube enables the tissue to deform flexibly in biochemical reaction and achieves contraction both at tissue and cell level. The contraction of tissue relieves the stress between cells under reaction to maintain cellular junctions even tight junctions are broken. Also, the drug perfusion test with antihistamine chemical is easily performed due to the connector part and properly inhibits the inflammatory reaction. Moreover, the traction force on endothelial cells is analyzed as about 0.9 µN on two types of scaffolds with different stiffness. It is believed that the potential of the flexible tissue model to reproduce biochemical reactions can contribute to the fabrication of vascular tissue models mimicking in vivo in high similarity as a platform for biomedical researches and pharmacokinetic testing.
Dynamic Polymer Amphiphiles for Efficient Intracellular and In Vivo Protein Delivery
Authors: Xu Jingke , Li Zhan , Fan Qianqian , Lv Jia , Li Yiwen , Cheng Yiyun
Published: October 2021

Intracellular delivery of proteins is receiving considerable attention in biotherapeutics for various diseases by replacing dysfunctional proteins. Successful intracellular protein delivery highly relies on the development of efficient and safe polymeric carriers, which remains a grand challenge due to the lack of strong binding sites on proteins and their distinct molecular sizes and polarities. In this work, a strategy is proposed for efficient intracellular protein delivery by using dynamic polymer supra‐amphiphiles, which are prepared by grafting boronated polylysine with a series of lipidated catechols via dynamic covalent catechol–boronate ester bonds. The prepared supra‐amphiphiles can coassemble with proteins to form stable nanoparticles in water and also enable the release of bound proteins in cells due to their dynamic features, thereby strongly promoting the intracellular delivery process. The lead supra‐amphiphiles screened in the library demonstrate high efficiency in the delivery of various proteins including bovine serum albumin, β‐galactosidase, α‐chymotrypsin, saporin, R‐phycoerythrin, ovalbumin, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, and show great potency in delivering superoxide dismutase to treat ulcerative colitis in vivo. This work provides new opportunities for rational design and facile construction of robust intracellular protein delivery materials by the integration of polymer chemistry and supramolecular engineering strategies.
Emerging Electrocatalysts for Water Oxidation under Near‐Neutral CO2 Reduction Conditions
Authors: Jiang Nan , Zhu Zhiwei , Xue Wenjie , Xia Bao Yu , You Bo
Published: October 2021

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), which produces valuable fuels and chemicals under near‐neutral conditions, offers a renewable approach to alleviate the global energy crisis as well as the increasing concerns on climate change. However, to implement this strategy, one of the major challenges, the sluggish kinetics of the paired oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at anode, needs to be surmounted. It is therefore highly desirable to explore high‐performance and cost‐effective OER electrocatalysts suitable for CO2RR conditions, which is very different from those widely investigated under acidic or alkaline conditions. In this review, the ongoing development of OER electrocatalysts under near pH‐neutral CO2‐saturated (bi)carbonate solutions are highlighted and the future opportunities are discussed. It is started with a brief introduction on OER paired with CO2RR, the relevant theoretical tools such as density functional theory (DFT) and particularly machine learning (ML), and the operando characterization techniques. Then, there are some detailed discussions of recent progress on the rational design of OER electrocatalysts under CO2RR conditions ranging from noble‐metal oxides to nonprecious metal phosphides, carbonates, (hydro)oxides, and so on. Finally, a perspective for developing OER electrocatalysts integrated with CO2 electroreduction is proposed.