bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep-learning viscoelastic seismic inversion for mapping subsea permafrost
Authors: Bustamante Jefferson , Fabien-Ouellet Gabriel , Duchesne Mathieu J. , Ibrahim Amr
Published: April 2024

Marine seismic surveys can be used to map ice-bearing subsea permafrost on a large scale. However, current seismic processing technologies have limited capacity to image permafrost distribution at depth, mainly due to the low sensitivity of primary reflections and refractions to the velocity inversion found at the base of permafrost. Guided waves and multiples are more sensitive to the velocity variations below the top of permafrost, but they remain challenging to use in physics-based inversion approaches. A deep-learning-based seismic inversion has the potential to improve seismic imaging below the top of permafrost by automatically extracting information from all wave modes. We develop a multi-input neural network (NN) to estimate seismic velocities from marine seismic data. The network is trained on synthetic data generated from the representative distributions of the seismic properties of subsea permafrost. We find that our network can image large velocity contrasts and reversals in depth, typical of subsea permafrost. We use our network to estimate the P- and S-wave velocity and Q-factor models from a seismic line in the Beaufort Sea. The NN indicates highly discontinuous subsea permafrost with variable thickness in the area. Our work shows that deep-learning-based seismic inversion could become a cost-effective technology to map the distribution of subsea permafrost on a large scale and, more generally, high-velocity geologic layers located in shallow waters.
Near-surface characterization using shear-wave resonances: A case study from offshore Svalbard, Norway
Authors: Taweesintananon Kittinat , Rørstadbotnen Robin André , Landrø Martin , Johansen Ståle Emil , Arntsen Børge , Forwick Matthias , Hanssen Alfred
Published: April 2024

Shear-wave (S-wave) resonances are typically observed when the surficial marine sediments over a rock substrate have relatively low S-wave velocities. We observe these phenomena using ocean-bottom fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) in two subsea fiber-optic telecommunication cables in Svalbard, Norway. Strong seismic energy from sufficiently large earthquakes is required to trigger and enhance the multiple-order modes of S-wave resonances. Here, we use the interpreted S-wave resonance frequencies of the first two modes to determine the thickness and the S-wave velocity of the near-surface low-velocity layer (LVL) beneath the seafloor. In addition, we use existing active P-wave seismic reflection data to determine the LVL thickness and to help build a more accurate S-wave velocity model from the S-wave resonance frequencies. The estimated S-wave velocity varies laterally within the LVL formation. Here, we find that the sediments or deposits with high S-wave velocity presented in the estimated LVL model agree with the distribution of some glacigenic sediments and landforms deposited in the survey area. Therefore, S-wave resonances measured by ocean-bottom DAS can be used to characterize the corresponding near-surface LVLs.
Trial by YouTube: effects of expert psychiatric witness testimony on viewers' opinions of Amber Heard and Johnny Depp
Authors: Mason Oliver , Horton Beth , Starrett Caitlin
Published: April 2024

Aims and method

We aimed to assess whether viewing expert witness evidence regarding the mental health of Johnny Depp and Amber Heard in the 2022 court case in the USA would affect viewers’ attitudes towards the mental health of the two protagonists and towards mental illness in general. After viewing excerpts of the cross-examination evidence, 38 trial-naive undergraduate students completed the Prejudice towards People with a Mental Illness (PPMI) scale.

Results

Following viewing, participants held more stigmatising views of the protagonists than they held about mental disorders in general.

Clinical implications

It is plausible that mass media trial coverage further stigmatises mental illness.
Hyper-network models for civil aviation systems
Authors: Sun Longlong , He Lisha , Zhang Qi , Chu Yue , Yang Huijie
Published: April 2024

In a civil aviation system, each air-route could penetrate several sectors, and each sector can also be passed through by multiple air-routes. Two dual hyper-networks are proposed to model the facts, where the air-routes/sectors are taken as nodes/hyper-edges (model RS) and hyper-edges/nodes (model SR), respectively. They both share a growth mechanism of preferential attachment, which results in the Weibull distributions for the hyper-degrees of model RS and the hyper-edge cardinalities of model SR. The civil aviation systems in Mainland China turn out to follow an anti-preferential attachment.
E93 is indispensable for reproduction in ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects
Authors: Bai Yu , Lv Ya-Nan , Zeng Mei , Yan Zi-Yu , Huang Dan-Yan , Wen Jia-Zhen , Lu Hu-Na , Zhang Pei-Yan , Wang Yi-Fan , Ban Ning , Yuan Dong-Wei , Li Sheng , Luan Yun-Xia
Published: April 2024

Ecdysone-induced protein 93 (E93), known as the ‘adult-specifier’ transcription factor in insects, triggers metamorphosis in both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. Although E93 is conserved in ametabolous insects, its spatiotemporal expression and physiological function remain poorly understood. In this study, we first discover that, in the ametabolous firebrat Thermobia domestica, the previtellogenic ovary exhibits cyclically high E93 expression, and E93 mRNA is broadly distributed in previtellogenic ovarioles. E93 homozygous mutant females of T. domestica exhibit severe fecundity deficiency due to impaired previtellogenic development of the ovarian follicles, likely because E93 induces the expression of genes involved in ECM (extracellular matrix)-receptor interactions during previtellogenesis. Moreover, we reveal that in the hemimetabolous cockroach Blattella germanica, E93 similarly promotes previtellogenic ovarian development. In addition, E93 is also essential for vitellogenesis that is necessary to guarantee ovarian maturation and promotes the vitellogenesis-previtellogenesis switch in the fat body of adult female cockroaches. Our findings deepen the understanding of the roles of E93 in controlling reproduction in insects, and of E93 expression and functional evolution, which are proposed to have made crucial contributions to the origin of insect metamorphosis.
Οριζόντια διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση στην διδασκαλία των φυσικών επιστημών με αξιοποίηση ψηφιακών και μεικτών μαθησιακών περιβαλλόντων
Authors: Ασημακόπουλος Ζώης
Published: April 2024

Μαθητές που έχουν γεννηθεί από το 2000 και μετά ανήκουν στη γενιά που ο Prensky (2001) περιέγραψε ως ψηφιακούς αυτόχθονες, όρος που αντανακλά την έμφυτη ικανότητά τους να ενσωματώνουν τις νέες τεχνολογίες που εμφανίζονται στο προσκήνιο με ευκολία. Τα σύγχρονα προγράμματα σπουδών των φυσικών επιστημών είναι προσανατολισμένα στην καλλιέργεια γνώσεων και δεξιοτήτων και στοχεύουν στη βιωματική μάθηση και επιχειρούν να συνδέσουν την επιστήμη με την κοινωνία, το περιβάλλον και τον πολιτισμό. Ωστόσο, παρατηρείται ότι παρά τη συμβολή και την εφαρμογή σύγχρονων παιδαγωγικών πλαισίων και την εκτεταμένη χρήση των Τεχνολογιών Πληροφορίας και Επικοινωνίας (ΤΠΕ) στη μαθησιακή διαδικασία, τα αποτελέσματα όσον αφορά τη διάχυση της επιστήμης στην κοινωνία και την επιλογή επιστημονικής σταδιοδρομίας από τους μαθητές δεν είναι τα αναμενόμενα. Στην παρούσα ερευνητική μελέτη επιχειρούμε να εξετάσουμε αν η εφαρμογή μιας διεπιστημονικής προσέγγισης στη διδασκαλία των Φυσικών Επιστημών με τη συμβολή σύγχρονων παιδαγωγικών πλαισίων καθώς και την υποστήριξη ψηφιακών και μεικτών περιβαλλόντων μάθησης, μπορεί να ενισχύσει το ενδιαφέρον των μαθητών και να συμβάλει στην ανάπτυξη δεξιοτήτων που μπορούν να οδηγήσουν στην οικοδόμηση της επιστημονικής γνώσης στις πρώτες τάξεις της δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης.
Μέθοδοι βαθιάς μάθησης (deep learning) για την ανάλυση φασματοσκοπικών μεθόδων
Authors: Καλατζής Δημήτριος
Published: April 2024

Η φασματοσκοπία Raman τείνει να αναδειχθεί ως ένα ισχυρό εργαλείο στον ιατρικό τομέα για τη βιοχημική ανάλυση ουσιών και τη διάκριση ιστών. Η ενσωμάτωση αλγορίθμων Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης στη Φασματοσκοπία Raman έχει βελτιώσει σημαντικά τις δυνατότητές της, επιτρέποντας ακριβείς και σε πραγματικό χρόνο αναλύσεις των φασματικών δεδομένων. Στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής μελετήθηκε η εφαρμογή αλγορίθμων τεχνητής νοημοσύνης για τη διάκριση φασματικών αποτυπωμάτων ανθρώπινων υγειών/καρκινικών ιστών του παχέους εντέρου και του ορθού. Απώτερος σκοπός είναι η εξατομικευμένη ταχεία διάγνωση σε ανοικτό χειρουργείο καρκινικών δομών/κυττάρων σε πραγματικό χρόνο. Αρχικά, συλλέχθηκαν φασματικά δείγματα από 22 ασθενείς που υποβλήθηκαν σε ανοιχτή χειρουργική επέμβαση του παχέος εντέρου και του ορθού. Τα δείγματα προήλθαν τόσο από υγιείς όσο και από καρκινικούς ιστούς, για τη δημιουργία της φασματικής βιβλιοθήκης και στη συνέχεια τη διάκριση των φασματικών αποτυπωμάτων με τη χρήση της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης. Η έρευνα περιλάμβανε την πρόταση μεθόδων και αλγορίθμων προ-επεξεργασίας για τη βελτίωση των αποτελεσμάτων ταξινόμησης, όπως η αφαίρεση υπόβαθρου, η κανονικοποίηση L2, το φιλτράρισμα και η PCA. Αυτές οι μέθοδοι είχαν ως αποτέλεσμα μια συνολική βελτίωση της ακρίβειας κατά 16,1%. Πραγματοποιήθηκε, επίσης μια διεξοδική μελέτη για να συγκριθούν αλγόριθμοι Μηχανικής Μάθησης και Βαθιάς Μάθησης, εστιάζοντας στην προώθηση της κλινικής εφαρμογής της Φασματοσκοπίας Raman. Τα μοντέλα Μηχανικής Μάθησης, αποδείχθηκαν αποτελεσματικά στην ταξινόμηση τόσο των φυσιολογικών όσο και των μη φυσιολογικών ιστών. Τα μοντέλα Βαθιάς Μάθησης, ιδιαίτερα το 1D-CNN, επέδειξαν ανώτερη απόδοση στην ταξινόμηση των μη φυσιολογικών περιπτώσεων. Στην συνέχεια, αντιμετωπίστηκε η πρόκληση των απαιτήσεων στην συλλογή μεγάλου όγκου δεδομένων για τις μεθόδους Βαθιάς Μάθησης, αναπτύσσοντας μοντέλα Μεταφοράς Γνώσης. Προ-εκπαιδευμένα μοντέλα εκπαιδεύτηκαν επιτυχώς σε μια ανοιχτή βάση δεδομένων Raman με φάσματα παθογόνων βακτηρίων, επιτυγχάνοντας ακρίβεια 88% στη διάκριση υγιών και καρκινικών ιστών. Τέλος, αξιοποιήθηκε η ικανότητα του 1D-CNN με Μεταφορά Γνώσης, για την ταξινόμηση in-vivo φασμάτων Raman από μύες επιτυγχάνοντας αξιοσημείωτη ακρίβεια 91,2%. Τα μοντέλα ξεπερνώντας τους περιορισμούς του μεγάλου πλήθους συλλογής δεδομένων δείχνουν τη αποτελεσματικότητα τους σε περιβάλλον ex-vivo και in-vivo. Συνολικά, όλα τα αποτελέσματα έφεραν την φασματοσκοπία Raman ένα βήμα πιο κοντά στην κλινική εφαρμογή ως βοηθητικό εργαλείο για βιοψία και χειρουργική καθοδήγηση σε πραγματικό χρόνο.
Digital entrepreneurship
Authors: Σιταρίδης Ιωάννης
Published: April 2024

Τα τελευταία χρόνια είχε γίνει αισθητή η επικράτηση της Ψηφιακής Επιχειρηματικότητας σε όλους τους τομείς επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας. Η εκπαίδευση στον τομέα των Τεχνολογιών Πληροφορικής εφοδιάζει τους φοιτητές με πολύτιμες γνώσεις για τις αναδυόμενες ψηφιακές τεχνολογίες, παρέχοντάς τους ένα συγκριτικό πλεονέκτημα σε σχέση με φοιτητές από άλλους επιστημονικούς τομείς. Η εξειδίκευση στις Τεχνολογίες Πληροφορικής σε συνδυασμό με Επιχειρηματική γνώση και δεξιότητες συνιστά το επιχειρηματικό πνεύμα, το οποίο καλλιεργείται σε συνδυασμό με τη δημιουργικότητα και τη σιγουριά που απαιτείται για την ανάληψη επιχειρηματικού ρίσκου και αντοχή στην αβεβαιότητα του σύγχρονου επιχειρηματικού περιβάλλοντος. Η επιχειρηματική δραστηριότητα στο ψηφιακό περιβάλλον εξαρτάται σε μεγάλο βαθμό από το επιχειρηματικό πνεύμα των σημερινών φοιτητών, το οποίο εκφράζεται στη βιβλιογραφία σαν επιχειρηματική πρόθεση. Σαν αποτέλεσμα, ένας αυξανόμενος αριθμός μαθημάτων επιχειρηματικότητας προσφέρεται, ιδιαίτερα σε τεχνικές ειδικότητας, στην προσπάθεια να συμπληρωθεί η αρτιότητα της τεχνικής γνώσης με επιχειρηματική γνώση και δεξιότητες και οι σχεδιαστές αναλυτικών προγραμμάτων προσπαθούν να παρακολουθήσουν τις ραγδαίες εξελίξεις των ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών και των εφαρμογών τους στην επιχειρηματική πράξη. Παρόλο που η Ψηφιακή Επιχειρηματικότητα ελκύει έντονο ερευνητικό ενδιαφέρον, η μελέτη της εκπαιδευτικής της διάστασης υπολείπεται. Σκοπός αυτής της διατριβής είναι να ρίξει φως σε αυτήν την παραμελημένη περιοχή έρευνας που βρίσκεται στην τομή της Ψηφιακής Επιχειρηματικότητας με την Επιχειρηματική Εκπαίδευση και να ορίσει την Ψηφιακή Επιχειρηματική Εκπαίδευση σαν ανεξάρτητο πεδίο Έρευνας, να καταγράψει πως η Επιχειρηματική Εκπαίδευση απαντά στις προκλήσεις της εισαγωγής των αναδυόμενων ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών στις επιχειρήσεις, να προτείνει ένα εννοιολογικό πλαίσιο της Ψηφιακής Επιχειρηματικής Εκπαίδευσης και να χρησιμεύσει σαν οδηγός για την μελλοντική εξέλιξη σε θεωρητικό αλλά και πρακτικό επίπεδο. Επιπλέον, στόχος είναι η εξέταση της γνώσης των τεχνολογιών πληροφορικής στην ανάπτυξη της ικανότητας αναγνώρισης επιχειρηματικών ευκαιριών, των επιχειρηματικών προθέσεων και της επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας στο ψηφιακό πεδίο. Για το σκοπό αυτό προτείνεται ένα θεωρητικό μοντέλο 'πληροφορημένης ' πρόθεσης στο οποίο συμμετέχουν σαν παράγοντες πρόβλεψης των επιχειρηματικών προθέσεων και της επιχειρηματικής δραστηριότητας στο Ψηφιακό χώρο, η γνώση Πληροφορικής που παρέρχεται στο τυπικό αναλυτικό πρόγραμμα τμημάτων Πληροφορικής και η Επιχειρηματική γνώση που παρέχεται στο πλαίσιο των τυπικών μαθημάτων επιχειρηματικότητας. Συνδυάζονται οι θεωρίες του Ανθρώπινου Κεφαλαίου και των Προθέσεων με ενδιαφέροντα συμπεράσματα και επιπτώσεις για θεωρία και πρακτική.
Mechanisms of stress-overcoming behavior in women with oncopathology
Authors: Stanovskiy Bohdan
Published: April 2024

The article describes the empirical research of the features of stress coping behavior in patients with newly diagnosed oncopathology. The author's attention is directed to the analysis of the chronic social stress impact on the psychological state of women with cancer due to its relevance in modern social conditions. The article highlights the hypothesis that the effectiveness of stress coping behavior and the general psychological state of patients are closely related to the quality and specificity of provided psychological support. Particular attention is paid to the study of the connection between individual strategies for stress coping and social factors, in particular, family support, dealing with friends and medical personnel. The research is based on an interdisciplinary approach, including knowledge from medicine, psychology, sociology, and other fields for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of stress coping behavior in patients with oncology and the development of a comprehensive support strategy considering a wide range of factors: from individual characteristics to social living conditions. The conclusions of the empirical study are important for the practice of medical psychology and further research in the field of psycho-oncology.
Psychological help for patients with cancer
Authors: Stanovskiy Bohdan
Published: April 2024

The article represents the ethical aspects of the activity of oncology specialist, which is an important component of a comprehensive approach to the treatment and care of patients with cancer. It is noted that compliance with the ethical aspects of medical and psychological care for cancer patients requires the knowledge of oncology specialist of a wide range of physical, emotional, psychological and social effects that may arise as a result of the diagnosis and treatment of an oncopathology. The key ethical principles and their characteristics, which the oncology specialists must adhere to, are outlined. There is emphasized the importance of compliance by oncology specialists with ethical principles for the successful treatment and rehabilitation of cancer patients.

Conclusions. In general, ethical aspects in psycho-oncology are an integral part of professional practice and aim to ensure maximum support, safety and respect for the rights and dignity of each patient. No code of ethics can provide an unequivocal answer to what is right in specific situations, but it serves important functions. It serves as an important basis for decision-making and provides important information to oncologists, their patients and the public about the roles and responsibilities of oncology professionals. In addition, it promotes responsible psychological practice and protection of patients from inappropriate behavior of doctors, and is used as a tool for reflection and improvement of the work of a specialist in the field of oncology.
El aprendizaje experiencial como modelo pedagógico en el campo de la administración
Authors: Cuero Acosta Yonni Angel , Grueso Hinestroza Merlin Patricia , Paredes Escobar Mario Rolando
Published: April 2024

A las instituciones de educación superior (IES) se les exige cada vez más la adopción de pedagogías experienciales como centro de sus procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, y esta exigencia es mucho más relevante en el caso de las escuelas de administración y de negocios. Este enfoque de formación se encuentra en línea con las exigencias de acreditadoras internacionales, como The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, la cual reconoce el valor de los modelos pedagógicos basados en el aprendizaje experiencial. Así, las IES hacen hoy día una gran inversión para desarrollar modelos pedagógicos inherentes al tiempo donde las competencias y su desarrollo localizan a los estudiantes en el centro del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En atención a los anteriores desafíos, este capítulo revisa críticamente los fundamentos del aprendizaje activo como modelo pedagógico predominante en los inicios del siglo XXI y algunas de sus aplicaciones como es el aprendizaje experiencial. Para lograr lo anterior, se exploran las necesidades en el campo de la administración sobre el aprendizaje activo, sustentado en los propósitos de formación y el rol del profesor dentro del modelo pedagógico. El capítulo termina con unas sugerencias aplicables a los diferentes niveles de formación.
Brick Building: realidad virtual y competencias emprendedoras en un contexto financiero
Authors: Pachón-Palacios Martha Lucía , Albarracín Muñoz Maribel
Published: April 2024

Diversas aplicaciones de la informática buscan hacer más cercano el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en estudiantes en diferentes contextos, y desde su concepción están direccionadas a las áreas STEM (ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas), por su connotación de experimentación. Sin embargo, otras áreas como las ciencias económicas, que forman en competencias y que están ligadas a la educación en emprendimiento, pueden usar la tecnología de forma eficiente para compensar la ausencia del contexto y lograr que el seguimiento a la competencia profesional sea más claro de desarrollar, visualizar y medir. La investigación muestra cómo la realidad virtual-colaborativa es una herramienta de aprendizaje que apoya al proceso formativo, al facilitar que el estudiante tenga un contexto de experimentación dinámico e inmersivo y al desarrollar las competencias desde los conceptos financieros. El estudio se ha centrado en las competencias emprendedoras y en cómo la intervención de las finanzas, como mediador intencional, puede ayudar a extraer las relaciones entre las finanzas, la contabilidad, el análisis financiero y el crecimiento de las empresas.
Social media in learning: estrategia educativa para transformar el aprendizaje en la era de la inflexión digital
Authors: Echeverri Cañas Lina María , Méndez-Romero Rafael Alberto
Published: April 2024

A partir de la aparición de internet en la cotidianidad de las personas, se han producido cambios sin precedentes en los estilos de vida, en las comunicaciones, en los modelos organizacionales y, más aún, en el sistema educativo. Como fuente de comunicación, internet ha sido un escenario para el nacimiento de diferentes formatos que han permitido remplazar las comunicaciones convencionales por unas nuevas, a través de dispositivos tecnológicos. Con la llegada de internet, emerge la comunicación mediante los canales digitales, conocida como social media. Esta se ha consolidado como un conjunto de herramientas digitales que permiten compartir, publicar, motivar discusiones e interactuar con diferentes audiencias. En los últimos diez años, desde el nacimiento y crecimiento de los medios y las redes sociales, se ha evidenciado cómo la educación ha logrado reconocer el valor de su uso como estrategia de comunicación y, recientemente, como herramienta para crear experiencias educativas innovadoras, inusuales y pertinentes. Por lo anterior, el presente capítulo tiene como propósito desarrollar el enfoque de aprendizaje basado en social media in learning como una herramienta que integra las redes sociales con fines educativos.
Aprender en contexto: Programa de Mentoring en las prácticas profesionales de la Escuela de Administración de la Universidad del Rosario
Authors: Moreno Hernández Diana Rocío , Moreno Hernández Luz Ángela
Published: April 2024

El Programa de Mentoring (articulado entre estudiante, universidad y empresa) tiene como finalidad ayudar a los estudiantes en práctica a alcanzar una participación mayor en la empresa, donde se les permita aportar al valor de esta e, incluso, que se les invite a continuar. En pro de ello, se utilizaron los referentes teóricos de la teoría sociocultural del aprendizaje, a fin de desarrollar una metodología que se compone de un proceso de acompañamiento que otorga al profesor la labor de mentoría para los estudiantes en práctica. Para alcanzar el resultado previsto, el programa cuenta con la definición de tres indicadores de resultado que se relacionan con la participación esperada que debe alcanzar el estudiante y con cuatro indicadores de desempeño por cada ciclo que, desde la teoría, se relacionan con los artefactos que los estudiantes analizarán y aplicarán. Así, se concluye el capítulo a partir de conclusiones y resultados alcanzados en la implementación del programa para el semestre 2020-02.
Aprendizaje experiencial en programas de formación en investigación de la Escuela de Administración, Universidad del Rosario
Authors: Grueso Hinestroza Merlin Patricia , Cuero Acosta Yonni Angel , Peralta Hernández Gustavo , Paredes Escobar Mario Rolando , Medina Becerra Alejandro , Jaramillo Ocampo Daniel Andrés
Published: April 2024

El aprendizaje experiencial es un enfoque pedagógico que se ha establecido en la Escuela de Administración como una estrategia recurrente y asertiva para lograr un aprendizaje significativo por parte de los estudiantes y los docentes. En este contexto, es importante comprender los recursos de tiempo, diseño y personal que se requieren para llevar a cabo un experimento formativo dentro de este enfoque. En consecuencia, este capítulo recoge tanto las perspectivas y vivencias de los estudiantes como de los profesores, para concluir que el éxito de este tipo de aprendizaje necesita de varias sinergias, disposiciones a compartir conocimiento por parte de empresarios y disposición para construir conocimiento por parte de los estudiantes. Este capítulo presenta las emociones, los resultados de aprendizaje esperados, las dinámicas generadas y los logros obtenidos dentro del curso.
El aprendizaje internacional colaborativo en línea (COIL): una herramienta pedagógica para afianzar las competencias interculturales desde la práctica
Authors: Gil Juan Martín
Published: April 2024

La implementación de la metodología del aprendizaje internacional colaborativo en línea (COIL) constituye uno de los pilares de aprendizaje global propuestos por la Escuela de Administración de la Universidad del Rosario, que fomentan la práctica dentro de los procesos de educación internacional. El capítulo analiza la ejecución de dos proyectos colaborativos en línea, desarrollados durante el segundo semestre del 2020 y el primer semestre del 2021, entre estudiantes de la Universidad del Rosario, The University of Applied Sciences y Pfeiffer University. Durante dichos proyectos, tres docentes de estas universidades conformaron, en la plataforma de Microsoft Teams, grupos mixtos de estudiantes para que desarrollaran y entregaran una presentación en conjunto. El objetivo fue identificar los aspectos culturales para tener en cuenta durante un escenario hipotético en el que un empleado de una multinacional es transferido a Colombia, Alemania o Estados Unidos. Los hallazgos y reflexiones de los participantes del proyecto no solo dan cuenta de la importancia del conocimiento a través de la práctica como complemento para los conceptos teóricos estudiados durante los cursos, sino de las oportunidades de mejora y nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje global que podrían implementarse en cursos como Gerencia de Negocios Internacionales y Negociación Internacional.
Understanding the Impact of Reviews on Consumer Product Choices Under Negotiated Pricing
Authors: Cao Jisu , Yang Sha
Published: April 2024

We study the impact of reviews on product choices when consumers can negotiate price. Although prior research has examined the impact of reviews in various contexts, none has considered a setting in which the purchase price is negotiated. We postulate that online reviews affect demand through consumer baseline product preference and consumer bargaining power. Leveraging a unique data set of consumer reviews of new car purchases, we developed and estimated a structural model to decompose and quantify the two mechanisms of how reviews affect demand: baseline preference mechanism versus bargaining power mechanism. Our counterfactual analysis suggests that the bargaining power mechanism is more important than the baseline preference mechanism in explaining how historical price and discount frequency information in reviews affect seller profits. Ignoring the impact of reviews on the negotiated price leads to a biased estimation of the effectiveness of reviews. We call into caution a popular selling practice of using discounts in exchange for positive reviews, as it can backfire when future consumers leverage this discount information to negotiate a lower price.

This paper was accepted by Kartik Hosanagar, information systems.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.02658 .
Convexification of Bilinear Terms over Network Polytopes
Authors: Khademnia Erfan , Davarnia Danial
Published: April 2024

It is well-known that the McCormick relaxation for the bilinear constraint z = xy gives the convex hull over the box domains for x and y. In network applications where the domain of bilinear variables is described by a network polytope, the McCormick relaxation, also referred to as linearization, fails to provide the convex hull and often leads to poor dual bounds. We study the convex hull of the set containing bilinear constraints [Formula: see text] where xi represents the arc-flow variable in a network polytope, and yj is in a simplex. For the case where the simplex contains a single y variable, we introduce a systematic procedure to obtain the convex hull of the above set in the original space of variables, and show that all facet-defining inequalities of the convex hull can be obtained explicitly through identifying a special tree structure in the underlying network. For the generalization where the simplex contains multiple y variables, we design a constructive procedure to obtain an important class of facet-defining inequalities for the convex hull of the underlying bilinear set that is characterized by a special forest structure in the underlying network. Computational experiments conducted on different applications show the effectiveness of the proposed methods in improving the dual bounds obtained from alternative techniques.

Funding: This work was supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research [Grant FA9550-23-1-0183]; National Science Foundation, Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation [Grant 2338641].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.2023.0001 .
Syphilitic stomatitis: raising awareness on an often-overlooked presentation of secondary syphilis
Authors: Atalaia-Barbacena Henrique , Lopes Catarina Isabel , Lopes Inês Matias , Howell Monteiro Patrícia
Published: April 2024

Syphilis, a disease caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum, has a multitude of clinical manifestations and is classified into primary syphilis, secondary syphilis and tertiary syphilis, based on clinical presentations and the time elapsed since the primary infection. The secondary stage of the disease can affect multiple organs and systems, and some of these involvements may be general and non-specific, justifying its name as ‘the great imitator’. We present a case of a 30-year-old woman with a history of painful neck lymph nodes with progressive enlargement, persistent headache, weight loss, myalgia and alopecia. During investigations, stomatitis on the dorsal face of the tongue developed. A secondary study showed serum positive for rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and T. pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA), negative RPR in cerebrospinal fluid and normal MRI, thus the diagnosis of secondary syphilis was made. The patient was treated with a single dose of penicillin with complete resolution of symptoms. The case highlights the need for an exhaustive clinical examination, especially in cases presenting with non-specific and general symptoms, and raises awareness for this disease which has increased its prevalence in the last decades.
Modeling and simulation of friction stir welding process: A neural approach
Authors: Chaturvedi Devendra Kumar , Suri Atul
Published: April 2024

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) stands out as a groundbreaking method in solid-state joining for aluminum alloys, presenting an innovative way to achieve joints of exceptional quality. This research delves into the application of FSW for bonding, focusing on plates that are 6mm thick and made from aluminum alloys Al6063, Al5083, and AL6061, aiming to produce a variety of FSW joints. To evaluate the quality of these joints, the study compares mechanical properties such as tensile strength, safe bending strength, and bending toughness necessary for achieving a 90° bend. The investigation leverages welding data to formulate a neural model, starting with using a conventional feedforward neural model (CFNM). It tackles the limitations of CFNM, including its intensive training requirements and the challenge of dealing with unknown configurations, by proposing a new, more adaptable neural network model known as FNNM. When comparing the two models, it becomes evident that CFNM is constrained by a root mean square error (RMSE) of 7-15%, whereas FNNM marks a significant improvement with a minimal RMSE of 1-3%. This indicates that FNNM improves accuracy and effectively navigates the complexities of modeling with unknown parameters. Through this study, insightful contributions are made to understanding FSW in joining aluminum alloys and developing an advanced neural model capable of predicting the outcomes of welding with greater precision.
Decision support system in determining the location of new supermarket branches using the copras method
Authors: Tsaqila Siti Lathifah , Winiarti Sri , Widaningrum Ida
Published: April 2024

Supermarkets are one of the ideal and profitable retail business sectors to try because they are located in various urban and rural areas. This causes many people to be interested in setting up a supermarket. However, determining a strategic location is not easy and requires many strategic location considerations. The research objective is to develop a Decision Support System (DSS) to determine the location of new supermarket branches using the Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) method, which is expected to be helpful for management and supermarket partners as a business strategy. The COPRAS method excels in calculating alternative utilities and selecting the best alternative. There are nine criteria (land rental price, distance to competitors, security, distance to education, warehouse distance, cleanliness, land area, building price, crowd) and five alternative locations (Juanda, Hos Cokroaminoto, Bayangkara, Batoro Katong, Sumoroto) are considered. This research created a web-based DSS that selects the best location for supermarket, with Juanda (A1) ranked first and scored 100, followed by Somoroto (location A5) with a score of 99.861, Bayangkara (A3) with a score of 97.099, Batoro Katong (A4) with a score of 91.293, and HOS Cokroaminoto (A2) with a score of 88.877. From the results of the COPRAS calculation, it can be concluded that Juanda is the best location to build a new supermarket branch location. This result provides a valuable tool for management and supermarket partners seeking to make informed decisions about branch expansion strategies.
Sustainable waste solutions: Optimizing location-allocation of 3R waste management sites in Gondokusuman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia through multi-maximal covering location approach
Authors: Leuveano Achmad Chairdino , Kasih Puji Handayani , Ridho Muhammad Ihsan , Lisan Ahmad Rif’an Khoirul , Muhamed Ariff Azly , Rafique Muhammad Zeeshan
Published: April 2024

Developing a Multi-Maximal Covering Location Model (MMCLM) for waste management in Gondokusuman Sub-district, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, is urgently needed. The closure of the Piyungan landfill has resulted in the need for additional Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle Waste Management Sites (3R-WMSs) to reduce waste that the landfill cannot accommodate. The primary objective of this model is to optimize the location and allocation of demand volume nodes, representing the resident population, to a specific set of 3R-WMS. These demand nodes are located at different distances from 3R-WMSs, including high and low coverage areas. The research in the Gondokusuman Sub-district employed MMCLM with facility capacity constraints and was developed using mixed integer linear programming methodology. The study identified five optimal locations for a 3R-WMS establishment that comprehensively cover all demand nodes (15301) and population clusters (45903) in the sub-district, including both high (5085) and low coverage areas (10216). This research represents a significant step forward in developing a sustainable environment by ensuring easy access to reducing, reusing, and recycling-based waste management facilities for residents.
An extension of the essential graph of a ring
Authors:   Aligarh Muslim University, Ali Asma , Ahmad Bakhtiyar ,   Aligarh Muslim University
Published: April 2024

Let A be a commutative ring with non-zero identity, and E(A)={p∈A|annA(pq)≤eA,for some q∈A∗}.The extended essential graph, denoted by EgG(A) is a graph with the vertex set E(A)∗=E(A)\{0}. Two distinct vertices r,s∈E(A)∗ are adjacent if and only if annA(rs)≤eA. In this paper, we prove that EgG(A) is connected with diam(EgG(A))≤3 and if EgG(A) has a cycle, the ngr(EgG(A))≤4. Furthermore, we establishthat if A is an Artinian commutative ring, then ω(EgG(A))=χ(EgG(A))=|N(A)∗|+|Max(A)|.
Ear base swellings in rabbits
Authors: Sibbald Rachel
Published: April 2024

Veterinary nurses are involved in the nursing care of a range of species, each with particular anatomical traits and associated disease processes. Understanding the anatomy and physiological processes are an integral part of being able to provide expert care and ensuring that up-to-date methods and techniques are used. Rabbits are the third most common pet in the UK and ear base swellings are a unique presentation seen in this species. This article focuses on the anatomy and possible treatment options – including analgesic options – for what can be a debilitating disease in rabbits.
Nutrition and chronic renal failure
Authors: Lakeman Nicola
Published: April 2024

Chronic renal failure can have many physiological effects on animals and requires careful management. Using the International Renal Interest Society score enables all veterinary professionals to implement protocols to benefit the health of the animal and to have these incorporated into long-term care plans. Nutrition is a small part of these guidelines but can have a big impact on the health of animals.
Implementing patient safety in practice
Authors: Cox Stacey
Published: April 2024

What do we mean by patient safety? How does this relate to what changes we can make in practice? The main goal is obviously to keep the patient safe. It involves systematically thinking about everything that the patient will experience. Patient safety should be directly related to quality and clinical effectiveness. Clinical governance can be used, which is a framework through which healthcare organisations are accountable for continuously improving the quality of their services and safeguarding high quality of care to assist in implementing patient safety in practices.
Intergenerational Learning Among Teachers’ Professional Development and Lifelong Learning: An Integrative Review of Primary Research
Authors: Batista Paula , Mouraz Ana , Viana Isabel , Graça Amândio
Published: April 2024

This integrative literature review aims to provide a broader and updated perspective of teachers’ intergenerational learning (IL). The search was done in Web of Science and EBSCO ultimate  databases between 2011 and 2022. Thirty-two empirical studies were selected and submitted to a thematic analysis and five themes were identified: (a) defining and conceptualising generation, (b) IL from understandings to practices, (c) contexts, factors and roles from different generations and institutions to promote IL, (d) factors that facilitate the success of IL, and (e) factors that make IL difficult. Data shows an increase in the last decades of research in IL within the educational context, but an absence of the prospective dimension still prevails. Intergenerational knowledge has been researched mainly from an individual professional perspective at the micro and meso levels of scholarship. Effectiveness requires intentional cultivation and a genuine desire for intergenerational knowledge exchange, involving active engagement and awareness among diverse generations and alignment with organizational aims. The promotion of IL takes place in very different ways and forms, and reflection on what is different seems to be a dominant trait. Furthermore, the review could conclude that intergenerational opportunities to work together will improve teacher education and continuous professional development. 
Implementing the Quality of Life and Potential of Social Farming
Authors: Giaconi Catia , Bianco Noemi Del , D’Angelo Ilaria , Marfoglia Alessandra
Published: April 2024

The present study explores the Quality of Life (QoL) of young people with intellectual disabilities engaged in a social farming initiative, known as ‘‘Tuttincampo: Social Farming and Inclusivity’’. The project stands as an innovative approach to improving social inclusion and providing vocational education and training. The initiative seeks to offer a viable alternative to traditional rehabilitation day centers by establishing a network of both public and private institutions. To explore the QoL of the young people we analyze data from the Personal Outcome Scale (POS), a tool that investigates the perception of QoL through self-assessment and hetero-assessment. Data were collected at the beginning and at the end of the social agriculture project. The results obtained confirm the importance of planning pedagogical actions to support social inclusion and vocational training for people with intellectual disabilities, highlighting, as well, the potential of social farming as a new “space” to achieve a higher level of QoL.
Exploring Academic Intentions for ChatGPT: A Perspective from the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors:   Department of Journalism, School of Communication, Xiamen University Malaysia, Malaysia, Ahadzadeh Ashraf Sadat , Wu Shin Ling ,   Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia, Xu Sijia ,   Department of Journalism, School of Communication, Xiamen University Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: April 2024

Advancements such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT are part of cutting-edge megatrends in artificial intelligence (AI). ChatGPT has the potential to reshape education. This article applies the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to investigate the correlation between attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and the inclination to utilize ChatGPT for academic purposes. Our methodology involved conducting an online cross-sectional survey of 311 university students in Malaysia, a majority Malaysian (82.3%) and female (61.1%) aged 21-23 (66%). We develop three hypotheses and test them with SmartPLS 4. The results suggest that attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms exert a positive influence on the intention to embrace ChatGPT. From a pragmatic standpoint, it is advisable for universities to actively incorporate AI technologies like ChatGPT into the academic setting, addressing attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control to prepare students effectively.
A protocol for the conduct of a multicentre, prospective, randomized superiority trial of surgical versus non-surgical interventions for humeral shaft fractures
Authors: Franssen Marloes , Achten Juul , Appelbe Duncan , Costa Matthew L. , Dutton Susan , Mason James , Gould Jenny , Gray Andrew , Rangan Amar , Sheehan Warren , Singh Harvinder , Gwilym Stephen E.
Published: April 2024

Aims

Fractures of the humeral shaft represent 3% to 5% of all fractures. The most common treatment for isolated humeral diaphysis fractures in the UK is non-operative using functional bracing, which carries a low risk of complications, but is associated with a longer healing time and a greater risk of nonunion than surgery. There is an increasing trend to surgical treatment, which may lead to quicker functional recovery and lower rates of fracture nonunion than functional bracing. However, surgery carries inherent risk, including infection, bleeding, and nerve damage. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of functional bracing compared to surgical fixation for the treatment of humeral shaft fractures.

Methods

The HUmeral SHaft (HUSH) fracture study is a multicentre, prospective randomized superiority trial of surgical versus non-surgical interventions for humeral shaft fractures in adult patients. Participants will be randomized to receive either functional bracing or surgery. With 334 participants, the trial will have 90% power to detect a clinically important difference for the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire score, assuming 20% loss to follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include function, pain, quality of life, complications, cost-effectiveness, time off work, and ability to drive.

Discussion

The results of this trial will provide evidence regarding clinical and cost-effectiveness between surgical and non-surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures. Ethical approval has been obtained from East of England – Cambridge Central Research Ethics Committee. Publication is anticipated to occur in 2024.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(4):343–349.
O DISTRITO CRIATIVO COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Lubeck Elisa , Ferreira Lisbôa Filho Flavi
Published: April 2024

A presente proposta tem como objetivo refletir sobre a relação entre comunicação e desenvolvimento na região do Distrito Criativo Centro-Gare de Santa Maria-RS, além de compreender como os movimentos culturais se vinculam às políticas de desenvolvimento através da comunicação e inovação. A partir da pesquisa observamos que o Distrito Criativo representa uma alternativa para o planejamento urbano de forma mais participativa e integrada, procura proteger o patrimônio cultural local e busca universalizar o acesso aos espaços públicos de forma segura, inclusiva e acessível, revitalizando os locais que marcam a identidade cultural de Santa Maria.
Fragmentation of global cybersecurity governance: quasi-public goods and multi-level conflicts
Authors: Cai Cuihong , Zhang Ruoyang
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the contradiction between the need for collaborative global cybersecurity governance and the fragmentation of the cybersecurity governance system has become particularly prominent. How can we understand the fragmentation of the global cybersecurity governance structure? Based on the assumption that international cybersecurity is a quasi-public good, this article attempts to analyse the fragmentation of cybersecurity governance and its causes from the perspectives of supply and consumption of cybersecurity products by drawing on theories about quasi-public goods and using comparative analysis and case studies. From the supply perspective, the two main cybersecurity supply models, mainly sovereign states and international organisations, are fragmented to a certain extent in terms of governance concepts, governance models, governance rules and governance institutions, respectively. From the perspective of consumers, in the process of global cybersecurity supply, the unreasonable price structure, distribution structure and the disproportion between the distribution structure and price are the main reasons for the emergence of the fragmentation problem, which is manifested in the variability of interests and demands of multiple cybersecurity governance subjects, the insufficient effectiveness of the global cyber governance mechanism, the high participation cost brought about by cyber hegemony, and the deficiency of democratic legitimacy and representation in the current global cybersecurity governance. The fragmentation of global cyber governance is precisely a response to global governance failure triggered by the imbalance between supply and demand of international cybersecurity as a quasi-public good.
High energy and high repetition rate QCW-LD end-pumped electro-optical Q-switched Yb:YAG laser
Authors: Jia Chunyan , Guo Haowen , Yao Yongping , Bai Meng , Ma Tiejun , Zhang Jiayu , Xia Jinbao , Nie Hongkun , Yao Bo , He Jingliang , Zhang Baitao
Published: April 2024

The quasi-continuous wave laser diode (QCW-LD) pumping is considered as the most efficient way for generating high energy nanosecond pulsed laser with repetition rate ranging from 50 to 1000 Hz. Here, a high efficiency, high repetition rate and high energy QCW-LD end-pumped electro-optical (EO) Q-switched Yb:YAG laser was demonstrated. The shortest pulse duration of 17.4 ns with a maximum single pulse energy of 5.1 mJ was obtained at the repetition rate of 100 Hz. As the repetition rate increases up to 500 Hz, the maximum output single pulse energy was obtained to be 5.38 mJ with the pulse width of 18.7 ns, corresponding to the slope efficiency of 21.6% and beam quality factor of M
x
2=1.04, and M
y
2=1.01. In addition, a theoretical study was carried by numerical simulation of the rate equations, and the results were agreed well with the experimental ones. The results show that QCW-LD pumping with Yb-doped crystals is a promising way for highly efficient, high-energy and high repetition rate nanosecond pulsed laser generation.