bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CUERPOS MÚLTIPLES, ESPIRITISMO Y ESPACIOS INTERMEDIOS EN EMBRUJAMIENTO (1927), DE ELISABETH MULDER
Authors: LECOINTRE Melissa
Published: January 2025

Embrujamiento, el primer poemario de Elisabeth Mulder publicado en 1927, en la editorial Cervantes, es sintomático de la vigencia que el pensamiento y las prácticas ocultistas siguen teniendo en los primeros lustros del siglo XX, conectando con modas finiseculares que se nutren a su vez de corrientes híbridas y heterodoxas. A través de representaciones en las que se cruzan imaginarios simbolistas y románticos de la mujer fatal con nuevos modelos, se dan cita brujas, diablas, magas, posesas, médiums, apariciones fantasmales, sirenas, esfinges, vampiresas cinematográficas y encarnaciones de la mujer moderna. Los espacios intermedios le permiten a Mulder configurar cuerpos híbridos, cuerpos inestables que se deslizan entre distintos mundos e interrogan las identidades de género en un momento de transición en que aumentan las reivindicaciones y se cuestionan las representaciones de la mujer. Permiten también difuminar las fronteras genéricas de una escritura poética en busca también de nuevos cuerpos para la poesía.
Palabras clave: Elisabeth Mulder. Embrujamiento. Poesía. Espiritismo. Ocultismo. Cuerpo.
Abstract: Embrujamiento, first collection of poems published in 1927 by Elisabeth Mulder (Cervantes Publishing House), is symptomatic of the continuing relevance of occult thought and practices in the early years of the 20th century. These were connected with fin-de-siecle fashions that were in turn nourished by hybrid and heterodox currents. Among representations in which symbolist and romantic imaginaries of the femme fatale mix with new models, witches meet devils, magicians, possessed women, mediums, ghostly apparitions, mermaids, sphinxes, cinematic vampires and incarnations of the modern woman wander. The in-between spaces allow Mulder to configure hybrid bodies, unstable bodies that slip between different worlds and interrogate gender identities at a time of transition in which political and social demands are on the rise and representations of women are being questioned. They also make it possible to blur the generic boundaries of poetic writing in search of new bodies for poetry.
Keywords: Elisabeth Mulder. Embrujamiento. Poetry. Spiritism. Occultism. Body.
REFERENCIAS INTERTEXTUALES SOBRE EL CUERPO EN LA POESÍA DE ANA MARÍA MARTÍNEZ SAGI
Authors: BIANCHI. Marina
Published: January 2025

El trabajo propone un recorrido por la producción poética de Ana María Martínez Sagi (Barcelona, 1907 - Moià, Barcelona, 2000), haciendo hincapié en algunas de las referencias intertextuales acerca del cuerpo que en ella se detectan. Por medio de su escritura, la autora construye una identidad que supere la construcción cultural genérica impuesta, lo que analizaremos aquí desde la intertextualidad concebida como categoría semiótica y usada como paradigma hermenéutico. Sin volver al tema de la creación de una religión pagana, personal y carnal en la producción en verso de Martínez Sagi, ya analizado en “‘De mi cuerpo a tu cuerpo’ el ímpetu del amor oscuro en la poesía de Ana María Martínez Sagi”, nos queda ahondar en cómo los textos de la poeta establecen relaciones con los de sus contemporáneos y otros autores, lo que, además, permite reflexionar sobre las diferentes etapas de su trayectoria creativa.
Palabras clave: Poesía española contemporánea. Ana María Martínez Sagi. Cuerpo. Intertextualidad. Identidad.
Abstract: The work proposes an exploration of the poetic production of Ana María Martínez Sagi (Barcelona, 1907 - Moià, Barcelona, 2000), with an emphasis on some of the intertextual references related to the body that are detected in her work. Through her writing, the author constructs an identity that transcends the imposed generic cultural construction, which we will analyze here from intertextuality conceived as a semiotic category and used as a hermeneutic paradigm. Without revisiting the theme of the creation of a personal and carnal pagan religion in Martínez Sagi’s poems, already analyzed in “‘De mi cuerpo a tu cuerpo’: el ímpetu del amor oscuro en la poesía de Ana María Martínez Sagi”, we delve into how her texts establish relationships with those of her contemporaries and other authors, which also allows us to reflect on the different stages of her creative trajectory.
Keywords: Contemporary Spanish Poetry. Ana María Martínez Sagi. Body. Intertextuality. Identity.
Implementing the MTPs With Digital Curricula
Authors: Waldron Amanda , Rhine Steve
Published: January 2025

Digital curricula can constrain teachers with ready-made instructional materials. We use the MTPs to modify a digital curriculum to engage students in more thoughtful and meaningful lessons.
Rate and Review
Authors: Stewart Maria Nielsen , Brown Noah , Candela Amber , Otten Samuel , de Araujo Zandra
Published: January 2025

You rate movies, you rate restaurants, and you can also rate mathematics solutions!
Graded Troubleshooting Activities in the Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Safadi Rafi’ , Hawa Nadera
Published: January 2025

Graded Troubleshooting is a powerful routine that teachers can use easily to engender students’ metacognitive thinking and boost their understanding of mathematics concepts and procedures.
GPS: Analyzing Position Over Time
Authors: Chamberlin Michelle T. , Powers Robert A.
Published: January 2025

Growing Problem Solvers provides four original, related, classroom-ready mathematical tasks, one for each grade band. Together, these tasks illustrate the trajectory of learners' growth as problem solvers across their years of school mathematics.
Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine to Treat Kidney Jing Deficiency with Emphasis on Food Therapy and Chinese Herbal Medicine
Authors: Fowler Margaret
Published: January 2025

Kidney failure in young animals is an unusual diagnosis with a poor prognosis. Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) recognizes this clinical presentation as Kidney Jing Deficiency and offers unique TCVM treatment of these individuals through Chinese herbal medicine, food therapy, acupuncture and Tui-na. The following paper describes the concept of Jing Deficiency and presents a case example of successful resolution of renal insufficiency in a 5-month-old puppy through treatment with food therapy and Chinese herbal medicine.
Utilization of Blockchain in Improving Security of E-Commerce Transactions in the MSME Sector
Authors: Saragih Hondor
Published: January 2025

The utilization of blockchain technology in enhancing the security of e-commerce transactions in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector presents a transformative approach to addressing persistent challenges such as fraud, data breaches, and transaction transparency. This study employs a qualitative method through literature review and library research to explore the integration of blockchain into MSME e-commerce platforms. By analyzing existing research and case studies, the paper identifies how blockchain's decentralized nature, encryption techniques, and smart contracts can mitigate risks and foster trust between MSMEs and consumers. Key findings suggest that blockchain can provide immutable transaction records, enhance supply chain traceability, and streamline payment processes, thereby improving overall operational efficiency. However, the study also highlights potential barriers, including technological adoption, cost implications, and regulatory uncertainties, which may hinder widespread implementation in the MSME sector. Addressing these barriers through education, policy development, and collaborative innovation is essential to unlocking blockchain’s full potential. This paper contributes to the growing discourse on digital transformation by emphasizing the critical role of secure, transparent, and efficient transactional frameworks in empowering MSMEs in the global digital economy. Future research is recommended to focus on practical implementation models and sector-specific blockchain applications that align with MSME capabilities and market demands.
Analysis of Potential Human Rights Violations in the Process of Arresting Terrorism Suspects: A Case Study on Lombok Island
Authors: Mahmuluddin  , Zulkarnain  , Wahyudin Y.A. , Maryanti Sri
Published: January 2025

In its efforts to address the threat of terrorism, Indonesia faces a significant challenge in balancing national security with the protection of human rights. This study examines the potential for human rights violations during the arrest of suspected terrorists on Lombok Island, a strategic region and international tourism destination in West Nusa Tenggara. The primary focus of this research is on non-compliance with international and domestic legal standards, including arrests without clear legal grounds, the use of torture, and detention without due judicial process. Changes in anti-terrorism regulations, as outlined in Law No. 5 of 2018 on the Eradication of Terrorism Crimes, raise concerns that arrest procedures may erode public trust in law enforcement agencies and affect social and economic impacts. This study finds that the lack of proper legal procedures and safeguards during the arrest of suspected terrorists often results in violations of both international human rights norms and domestic legal frameworks. The findings highlight the need to uphold human rights within law enforcement practices, alongside an urgent review of anti-terrorism regulations to prevent abuses. Strengthening accountability mechanisms is critical for restoring public trust and ensuring that counter-terrorism efforts do not compromise fundamental freedoms.
ประสิทธิผลของนโยบายการป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรมของกองบังคับการตำรวจนครบาล 2 กรุงเทพมหานคร
Authors: พิริยะภิญโญ สุธิศักดิ์ , ขันธะหัตถ์ ภมร
Published: January 2025

ภูมิหลังและวัตถุประสงค์: การปราบปรามและป้องกันอาชญากรรมมีบทบาทสำคัญในการปรับปรุงความปลอดภัยสาธารณะโดยลดความถี่ของกิจกรรมทางอาชญากรรมและสร้างสภาพแวดล้อมที่ปลอดภัยสำหรับชุมชน โดยการลดค่าใช้จ่ายทางการเงินและทางสังคมของอาชญากรรม เช่น คดีความ โทษจำคุก และการฟื้นฟู นโยบายเหล่านี้ยังช่วยอนุรักษ์ทรัพยากรอีกด้วย งานวิจัยมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาระดับประสิทธิผลของนโยบายการป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรมของกองบังคับการตำรวจนครบาล 2 กรุงเทพมหานคร 2) วิเคราะห์ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อประสิทธิผลของนโยบายการป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรมของกองบังคับการตำรวจนครบาล 2 กรุงเทพมหานคร และ 3) เพื่อเสนอแนวทางการพัฒนาประสิทธิผลของนโยบายการป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรมของกองบังคับการตำรวจนครบาล 2 กรุงเทพมหานคร
ระเบียบวิธีการวิจัย: การวิจัยครั้งนี้ใช้วิธีวิจัยแบบผสมผสาน ประกอบด้วยวิธีวิจัยเชิงปริมาณเก็บข้อมูลด้วยแบบสอบถามจากผู้ปฏิบัติงานจำนวน 400 คนจากการใช้สูตรคำนวณขนาดตัวอย่างของ Taro Yamane (1973) และการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพเก็บข้อมูลโดยการสัมภาษณ์ผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญจำนวน จำนวน 11 นาย เป็นการเลือกแบบเจาะจง  เครื่องมือเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลเป็นแบบสอบถามและการสัมภาษณ์ วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติพรรณนาและการวิเคราะห์เนื้อหา
ผลการวิจัย: (1) ประสิทธิผลของนโยบายการป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรม 10 ด้านพบว่า โดยรวมอยู่ในระดับมาก เมื่อพิจารณารายด้านพบว่าด้านที่มีค่าเฉลี่ยมากที่สุดคือ ด้านวัสดุอุปกรณ์ รองลงมาคือ ด้านกระบวนการบริหาร ด้านวัฒนธรรมองค์การ ด้านบุคลากร อยู่ในระดับ ด้านเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ ด้านงบประมาณ อยู่ในระดับมาก ด้านการวางแผนกลยุทธ์ ด้านทีมข้ามสายงาน ด้านการประเมินผล อยู่ในระดับกลาง และ ด้านที่มีค่าเฉลี่ยน้อยที่สุดคือ ด้านภาวะผู้นำตำรวจยุคใหม่ (2) ผลการวิเคราะห์ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อประสิทธิผลของนโยบายการป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรมของกองบังคับการตำรวจนครบาล 2 กรุงเทพมหานคร พบว่ามีปัจจัยสำคัญในการทำนายผลประกอบด้วย 5 ด้าน ได้แก่ ด้านบุคลากร (X1) ด้านกระบวนการบริหาร (X3)  ด้านวัฒนธรรมองค์การ (X6)  ด้านการประเมินผล  (X9) และ ด้านภาวะผู้นำตำรวจยุคใหม่ (X10)  มีค่าสัมประสิทธิ์ในการทำนาย (R2) เท่ากับ 0.74 สามารถทำนายผลได้ร้อยละ 74 (3) ข้อเสนอแนะแนวทางการพัฒนาประสิทธิผล ด้านประสิทธิผลตามพันธกิจ ควรเพิ่มการสร้างวัฒนธรรมองค์การไปสู่อาสาสมัครและประชาชนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการป้องปรามอาชญากรรม เพื่อเพิ่มประสิทธิผลและประสิทธิภาพของการปฏิบัติงาน ด้านคุณภาพการให้บริการ ควรให้ประชาชนและอาสาสมัครได้รับการอบรมการให้บริการร่วมกับบุคลากรเพื่อเพิ่ม การทำงานที่ทันสมัยและสร้างคามพึงพอใจให้กับประชาชนได้มากยิ่งขึ้น ด้านการพัฒนาองค์การควรมีการสนับสนุนการเรียนรู้อย่างต่อเนื่องด้านการใช้เทคโนโลยีเนื่องจากเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ มีการเปลี่ยนแปลงอย่างรวดเร็ว
สรุปผล: จากการวิจัยพบว่าวัสดุและอุปกรณ์เป็นส่วนประกอบที่มีประสิทธิภาพสูงสุดของนโยบายป้องกันและปราบปรามอาชญากรรม ซึ่งมีประสิทธิภาพโดยรวมสูง นอกจากนี้ ยังระบุปัจจัยทำนายที่สำคัญซึ่งมีส่วนทำให้มีความแม่นยำในการทำนายถึง 74% สำหรับประสิทธิผลของนโยบาย เช่น เจ้าหน้าที่ ขั้นตอนการจัดการ วัฒนธรรมองค์กร การประเมิน และผู้นำตำรวจร่วมสมัย คำแนะนำเน้นที่การเสริมสร้างวัฒนธรรมองค์กร การเกณฑ์อาสาสมัครและประชาชนทั่วไปในการป้องกันอาชญากรรม การปรับปรุงคุณภาพบริการผ่านการฝึกอบรม และสนับสนุนการศึกษาต่อเนื่องเกี่ยวกับการใช้เทคโนโลยี
แนวทางในการพัฒนาการท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และวัฒนธรรมในจังหวัดอ่างทองของนักท่องเที่ยวชาวไทย
Authors: กาญจนพงษ์ ทัศนัย , วีระโสภณ วีระ
Published: January 2025

ภูมิหลังและวัตถุประสงค์: การท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และวัฒนธรรมในจังหวัดอ่างทองมีศักยภาพสูงในการพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจท้องถิ่น แต่ยังขาดการศึกษาเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับพฤติกรรมและปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการตัดสินใจของนักท่องเที่ยว การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ 1) เพื่อศึกษาพฤติกรรมของนักท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และและวัฒนธรรมในจังหวัดอ่างทอง 2) เพื่อเปรียบเทียบสภาพแหล่งท่องเที่ยวและสิ่งแวดล้อมที่มีผลต่อการตัดสินใจท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และวัฒนธรรมในจังหวัดอ่างทอง 3) เพื่อศึกษาปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการตัดสินใจท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และวัฒนธรรมในจังหวัดอ่างทอง และ 4) เพื่อเสนอแนวทางในการพัฒนาการท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และวัฒนธรรมในจังหวัดอ่างทอง
ระเบียบวิธีการวิจัย: ใช้วิธีวิจัยแบบผสมผสาน ประกอบด้วยการวิจัยเชิงปริมาณโดยใช้แบบสอบถามกับนักท่องเที่ยวชาวไทย 500 คน ด้วยการสุ่มตัวอย่างแบบระบบ (แบบสอบถามมีค่า IOC = 0.67, ค่าความเชื่อมั่น = 0.902) และการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพโดยการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกผู้มีส่วนเกี่ยวข้อง 9 คน วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติเชิงพรรณนาและสถิติเชิงอนุมาน ได้แก่ การทดสอบที (t-test) การวิเคราะห์ความแปรปรวน (ANOVA) และการวิเคราะห์สหสัมพันธ์
ผลการวิจัย: พบว่า 1) นักท่องเที่ยวส่วนใหญ่เป็นกลุ่มครอบครัวและเพื่อน นิยมท่องเที่ยวแบบไปเช้า-เย็นกลับในวันหยุดสุดสัปดาห์ 2) สิ่งอำนวยความสะดวกและความปลอดภัยเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่สุดในการตัดสินใจท่องเที่ยว 3) วัตถุประสงค์และระยะเวลาในการท่องเที่ยวเป็นปัจจัยรองลงมา 4) แนวทางการพัฒนาการท่องเที่ยวประกอบด้วย 8 ประการ ได้แก่ การพัฒนาโครงสร้างพื้นฐาน การส่งเสริมความปลอดภัย การพัฒนากิจกรรมการท่องเที่ยว การประชาสัมพันธ์ การอนุรักษ์วัฒนธรรมท้องถิ่น การพัฒนาบุคลากร การบูรณาการความร่วมมือ และการจัดการงบประมาณ
สรุปผล: แนวทางการพัฒนาการท่องเที่ยวเชิงประวัติศาสตร์และวัฒนธรรมในจังหวัดอ่างทองที่เสนอจะช่วยยกระดับการท่องเที่ยวให้มีประสิทธิภาพและยั่งยืน ส่งผลดีต่อการพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจและคุณภาพชีวิตของชุมชนท้องถิ่นในระยะยาว
A Survey on the status of participants in the Diamond Sutra blessing prayer of Woljeongsa Temple in 2024
Authors:   Humanities Meditation Res inst, Kim Seong-Ryong(HyeMuk) , Shon Kang-Suk
Published: January 2025

This factual survey study was conducted to investigate the experience of participating in the ‘Diamond Sutra prayer’ for participants in the ‘Diamond Sutra prayer’ conducted at Woljeongsa Temple and to use it for future program planning. The survey tool developed for the survey consisted of a total of 23 questions in five areas (personal information, general participation and prayer issuance, satisfaction, happiness, and others), and a total of 1,852 participants were surveyed four times in January, March, August, and October, and the survey was conducted by collecting them directly. As a result of the analysis, first, the participants’ origins were in the order of health, wish, good luck, wealth, enlightenment, family relations, Buddha’s words, academic progress, and paradise. Second, what the participants gained through prayer was health, Buddha’s words, enlightenment, wishes, good wishes, family relationships, wealth, and paradise. Third, the overall satisfaction of participants with participation in the court was 4.2 points on average (1.05 points for standard deviation). The regions with high satisfaction were in the order of metropolitan area, Chungcheong area, Gyeongsang area, Gangwon area, and Jeolla area. Fourth, satisfaction by age group appeared in the order of 20s, 40s, 10s, 50s, 30s, 60s and 70s, and 80s or older. Fifth, there was a positive correlation with participation satisfaction and happiness in the ‘Diamond Sutra prayer’, and among the sub-factors of happiness, there was a positive correlation with life satisfaction, positive emotion, and negative correlation with negative emotion, indicating a positive correlation with happiness. The results of this study are expected to provide practical information on participants in ‘Diamond Sutra prayer’, which is based on temples, and to provide basic data on factors to be considered when planning ‘Diamond Sutra prayer’ in the future.
BOARD INDEPENDENCE AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: MODERATING ROLE OF LEVERAGE IN NIGERIAN LISTED CONSUMER GOODS FIRMS
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Nigerian Defence Academy, ONUMOH Ahmed Yahaya , Mustapha Lateef Olumide ,   Department of Accounting, Nigerian Defence Academy, Umar Mohammed Maidugu ,   Department of Accounting, Nigerian Defence Academy, Umar Maryam Mohammed ,   Department of Accounting, Nigerian Defence Academy
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of board independence on earnings management and the moderating role of leverage in Nigerian-listed consumer goods firms. Utilizing a longitudinal research design, data from 12 purposively selected firms, spanning from 2013 to 2022, were analyzed using cross-sectional time-series feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) regression. The findings reveal that board independence significantly reduces earnings management (t = -2.31, p =.021), and leverage further strengthens this relationship (t = -3.57, p < .001). The results imply that enhancing board independence and managing leverage effectively are crucial for mitigating earnings management practices. This underscores the importance of robust corporate governance structures in ensuring financial reporting integrity in emerging markets. In conclusion, the study highlights the significant roles of board independence and leverage in curbing earnings management. The study recommends that firms should advocate for policies that mandate a higher proportion of independent directors and ensuring their active engagement in oversight responsibilities. Additionally, implementing regulatory frameworks to manage leverage effectively through prudent debt-to-total assets ratios and periodic reviews of financial strategies is advised. These measures aim to enhance corporate governance and foster transparency and accountability in financial reporting within Nigerian consumer goods firms.
Assessment of the Strategies for Improving Agro-Tourism in Selected Farming Cohorts in Kaiama LGA of Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors:   Federal College of Wildlife Management, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Meduna Patience N. , Ayeni Saadah ,   Federal College of Wildlife Management, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Adamu Awal B. ,   Federal College of Wildlife Management, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Idris Abbas I. ,   Federal College of Wildlife Management, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria
Published: January 2025

Agro-tourism is a combination of agriculture and tourism; two large sectors and there is a lot of potential from it. Therefore, this study sought to assess the strategies engaged by those who carry out agro-tourism in improving this vital sector. This study was carried out in rural farm settlements in Kaiama Local Government Area and applied the use of an in- depth interview based on the set objectives of this study. A total of thirty-six (36) farmers drawn from 3 wards in Kaiama Local Government Area form the study population. It was ascertained that 5 wards were involved in agro-tourism but due to convenience, easy accessibility and security reasons., the 3 wards were selected. The wards selected include Gwanabe ward 1, Gwanabe ward 2 and Kaiama ward 2. Subsequently, six (6) communities heavily involved in agro-tourism were selected randomly from the three (3) wards. These communities are Woro, Maje and Vera under Gwanabe ward 1, Aboki and Gurya under Gwanabe ward 2 and finally Kuligizin under Kaiama ward 2. The purposive sampling method was used to select six (6) respondents each from the selected communities. Data for this study was analysed through content analysis where the responses of the respondents were interpreted, transcribed with necessary quotations to support the issues been discussed. The results show that some ethnic groups involved in agro-tourism in the area include: Fulani, Yoruba, Kambari, Igbo, Bussa, Tiv, Igala, Zabarma and some immigrants from West African countries of Ghana (Ghanaians), Togo (Togolese) and Benin Republic (Beninese). The activities are carried out in clusters and they include crop farming, hunting, livestock farming and marketing. The strategies applied in improving agro-tourism include obtaining financial aid from politicians and their cluster associations, hiring of man power, creation of awareness by agro-extension workers and formation of association amongst the various clusters. The study therefore concluded that the strategies employed in the study area are impactful and could increase the potentials of agro-tourism.
Loan Quality Metrics and the Performance of Microfinance Banks in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Banking and Finance, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Ademola Abimbola O.
Published: January 2025

This research explores the effect of loan quality measures on the performance of microfinance banks (MFBs) in Nigeria, with Return on Assets (ROA) as one of the main performance indicators. Twenty MFBs were purposively selected with data spanning from 2019 to 2023, specifically the study focused on how Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR), Default Rate (DR), and Credit Risk Ratio (CRR) affect MFBs performance. The findings suggest that a higher LDR positively contributes to an improvement in ROA, indicating that properly managed lending tend to enhance profitability through greater interest income. On the contrary, DR and CRR are found to decrease ROA, stressing the need for effective management of DR and CRR to enhance profits. These results support a balanced lending policy and robust risk management practices within MFBs. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on risk and MFBs performance in developing countries and is highly valuable for policymakers and financial managers willing to strengthen Nigeria’s Microfinance sector.
The Impact of Revenue Generation and Oil Exploration on Economic Growth in- Nigeria (1981-2022)
Authors:   Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Akpan Ime T. , Okwajie Fabian A. ,   Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Udoh Sylvanus ,   Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the relationship between oil revenue, oil exploration, and economic growth in Nigeria from 1981 to 2022. Data employed for analysis were obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin published in 2023, World Bank, International Energy Agency and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) (2023). Using annual time-series data and advanced econometric techniques, including cointegration, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and regression analysis, the study reveals significant positive correlations between GDP growth and oil revenue, oil exploration, investment, and trade openness. Conversely, oil price volatility negatively impacts GDP growth. The findings suggest that oil revenue and exploration play crucial roles in driving economic growth, while investment, trade openness, and exchange rate stability also contribute to economic expansion. The study recommends policy interventions to diversify revenue streams, promote fiscal discipline, stabilize oil prices, and foster trade relationships. Addressing oil price volatility through hedging, diversification, and strategic reserves is also essential. Furthermore, investing in human capital development, innovation, and infrastructure is critical for driving economic diversification and sustainable growth.
Strategic Sensitivity and Organizational Success in Selected Manufacturing Firms in Akwa Ibom State
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Akwa Ibom State University, Uko Christina E. , Uwa Kingsley L. ,   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Akwa Ibom State University, Efi Anietie ,   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Akwa Ibom State University
Published: January 2025

This study examined the relationship between strategic sensitivity and organizational
success in selected manufacturing firms in Akwa Ibom State. The main objective of the study
was to determine the relationship between strategic sensitivity dimensions such as strategic
proactivity and strategic adaptability, on organizational success in selected manufacturing
firms in Akwa Ibom State. The research question and hypotheses were formulated in line
with the research objective. Methodologically, survey research design was adopted in the
study. Related literatures aimed at enriching the conceptual framework were reviewed. The
population of the study was 48 management staff of selected manufacturing firms in Akwa
Ibom State. The collected data were further analyzed using simple percentage and Ordinal
Logistic Regression at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that the two independent
variables (strategic proactivity = 5.111, PV= 002, and Strategic adaptability, = 4.246, PV=
000) were significantly related with organizational success in selected manufacturing firms
in Akwa Ibom State. It was concluded that managers should often employ a combination of
approaches depending on their specific circumstances, goals, and resources. The key
recommendation is that managers should be taking a proactive and forward thinking
approach to navigate the complexities and uncertainties of the big environment.
Strategic Alliances and Effective Performance of Selected Manufacturing Firms in Akwa Ibom State
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Science, Akwa Ibom State University, Uko Christiana O. , Uwa Kingsley ,   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Science, Akwa Ibom State University, Brownson Christabel ,   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Science, Akwa Ibom State University
Published: January 2025

This study was designed to examine the relationship between strategic alliance and
effective performance in selected manufacturing firms in Akwa Ibom State. The main
objective of this study was to examine the relationship between strategic alliance
dimensions and effective performance in selected manufacturing firms in Akwa Ibom
State. In line with the research objective was the research questions and hypotheses. Survey
research design was adopted for the study and a sample size of 105 respondents were drawn
from the population using census sampling technique. The major instrument for data
collection was a structured questionnaire administered to the respondent using stratified
sampling techniques. Data collected were analyzed using simple percentage and Pearson
Product Moment Correlation. Results showed a significant positive relationship between
each of the four dimensions (shared goal and objective Rx1 =0.742, clear communication
Rx2 = 0.747, and effective performance at the selected manufacturing firms in Akwa Ibom
State. It was concluded that shared goal and objective, clear communication, trust and
resource allocation, are relational dimensions that can influence effective performance
among manufacturing firms in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Adopting an efficient
alliances/allocation planning model is a key issue for achieving firm‘s goals, especially as
they relate to resource sustainability. Based on the findings, it was recommended that firm
managers should establish clear shared goals and objectives in organization that would
encourage strategic alliance, partnering organizations and align their efforts, resources, and
capabilities to achieve mutual success and create sustainable value for all parties involved.
Regular communication, collaboration, and alignment around these goals are essential for
driving the alliance forward and maximizing its impact.
Rasio Konsentrasi Industri Pengolahan Terhadap Tenaga Kerja di Provinsi Bali
Authors: Achmad Andi Leanado  , Muhammad Yasin
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the ratio of the concentration of the processing industry, labor absorption, and the value expenditure on labor in the province of bali. The data analysis method used in this analysis is the CR4 concentration analysis method. The data used is the analysis data on the number of large and medium processing industries, labor, and expenditure on labor in 2018 – 2021 obtained from the Central Statistic Agency (BPS) in the province of Bali. The result of this study indicate that : (1) In terms of CR4 analysis calculations, the concentration of the processing industry in the province Bali in 2018 – 2021 has a role in labor absorption. (2) In terms of CR4 analysis calculation, the concentration of the processing industry in province Bali in 2018 – 2021 has a role in the amound of expenditure given to labor. (3) In terms of CR4 analysis calculation, the concentration of the processing industry in the province Bali in 2021  has a role contributing to the PDRB in the province of Bali, as well as a comparison of the CR4 ratio in the province of Bali from 2018 – 2021.
Analisis Indeks Komponen Hambatan Masuk Pasar dan Indeks Fungsi dalam Mengukur Daya Saing Pasar
Authors: Kharisma Bintang Maulana Tibridzi  , Muhammad Yasin
Published: January 2025

This article is made to learn the definition, components, and calculation formula of the Market Entry Barriers Component Index and Function Index, where these two measuring instruments are very important in analyzing the market. The function of the Market Entry Barriers Component Index is to evaluate the level of difficulty that a company will face in entering a pre-existing market. The way to evaluate it is by looking at obstacles such as fixed costs, production capacity, regulation, and production. For the Function Index itself, it functions to see how much efficiency will occur and includes distribution, information flow, and market mobility. This article also aims to provide an example of how the calculation system for the two indexes works. Through this understanding, readers and companies can formulate more appropriate strategies in dealing with obstacles and taking advantage of opportunities in the market.
Impact of Immunotherapy on Survival Rates of Lung Cancer Patients in Suburban Bangladesh: A 24-Month Cohort Study
Authors: Alam Khorshed , Hasan S M Nazmul , Ahmed Sharif , Kumar Soumittra
Published: January 2025

Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly malignancies worldwide, with a particularly high incidence in the suburban regions of Bangladesh, where healthcare infrastructure is often inadequate. Traditional treatment modalities such as chemotherapy have provided limited improvements in long-term survival rates and are associated with significant side effects. This 24-month cohort study aims to evaluate the impact of immunotherapy on the long-term survival rates of lung cancer patients in suburban Bangladesh. A total of 22 adult patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were included, with 11 receiving immunotherapy and 11 undergoing conventional chemotherapy. Quantitative data were collected from medical records and analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models to compare overall survival between the two groups and adjust for potential confounders such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and cancer stage at diagnosis. The results demonstrated that the immunotherapy group had a median overall survival of 18 months compared to 12 months in the chemotherapy group, with a 24-month survival rate of 54.5% versus 18.2% (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). The adjusted hazard ratio for death in the immunotherapy group was 0.55 (95% CI: 0.32–0.95, p = 0.033), indicating a 45% reduction in the risk of death compared to the control group. Additionally, patients diagnosed with Stage IV had a significantly higher risk of death (HR = 3.80, 95% CI: 1.15–12.50, p = 0.029). These findings suggest that immunotherapy significantly enhances survival outcomes for lung cancer patients in resource-limited suburban settings. However, financial constraints and limited geographical accessibility remain substantial barriers to the widespread adoption of immunotherapy. The study underscores the need for policy interventions and infrastructure improvements to enhance access to advanced cancer treatments, thereby improving survival rates and overall patient outcomes in similar contexts.
Efektivitas Penerapan Aplikasi SAKTI dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Sekolah untuk Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas di MTs Negeri
Authors: Dwiyana Elsa , Syafawani Nurul , Saskia Dwita
Published: January 2025

Pengelolaan keuangan yang efektif dan efisien menjadi kebutuhan utama bagi MTs Negri 01 Bengkalis untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam penggunaan dana operasional sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi dan dampak aplikasi SAKTI (Sistem Aplikasi Keuangan Tingkat Instansi) dalam proses pencatatan, pengelolaan, dan pelaporan dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara dengan staf keuangan sebagai sumber data utama, serta analisis dokumen terkait pengelolaan keuangan. Untuk mendukung temuan, peneliti juga merujuk pada studi literatur dengan mencermati jurnal-jurnal yang relevan mengenai penerapan teknologi dalam tata kelola keuangan pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi SAKTI mempermudah penyusunan anggaran yang lebih cepat, akurat, dan sistematis. Selain itu, integrasi dengan Sistem Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (SPAN) mendukung proses pencairan serta verifikasi dana secara efisien dan transparan. Kemampuan aplikasi untuk memantau alokasi dana secara real-time turut memperkuat pengendalian keuangan sekolah. Namun, keterbatasan kapasitas server mengakibatkan lambatnya sistem saat banyak pengguna mengakses aplikasi. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, sekolah merencanakan transisi ke aplikasi e-RKAM pada tahun 2025 guna meningkatkan efisiensi dan aksesibilitas pengelolaan keuangan. Secara keseluruhan, penerapan aplikasi SAKTI memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap profesionalisme, efisiensi, dan akuntabilitas tata kelola keuangan sekolah, meskipun masih ada tantangan teknis yang perlu diatasi.
Sudden splenic rupture in a Plasmodium vivax infected patient: A case report
Authors: Afzal Hania , Hussain Aamir , Fatima Afroze , Iqbal Muhammad Mansoor , Hameed Huma
Published: January 2025

Malaria is a significant public health concern in Pakistan, with Plasmodium vivax being a prevalent strain. While the disease typically follows a benign course, it can lead to severe complications including anemia, hepatic dysfunction, jaundice, acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary edema, shock, acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia and splenic rupture. This case report documents the presentation, diagnosis and management of a 32-year-old male patient. He was admitted with acute febrile illness and diagnosed with P. vivax infection. On the fifth day of illness he developed severe abdominal pain and hypotension, necessitating intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Labs revealed precipitous drop in hemoglobin and platelet count. Imaging studies revealed hemoperitoneum with splenic rupture. An emergency laparotomy was performed followed by splenectomy as a therapeutic intervention to manage the acute clinical crisis. Blood transfusions were administered during surgery and post-splenectomy vaccination was given. The patient's condition improved gradually and he was discharged from the hospital. This case report highlights the critical importance of early diagnosis, vigilant monitoring and timely intervention in managing severe complications associated with P. vivax infection. Prompt recognition and appropriate management are essentials to prevent morbidity and mortality in patients with severe malaria.
Keywords: Plasmodium vivax, Hemoperitoneum, Complication, Splenic rupture, Splenectomy.
Oral treatment options for patients with urinary tract infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli
Authors: Malik Nasrullah , Sultan Aqib , Nizamuddin Summiya , Shameem Farah
Published: January 2025

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent globally, with Escherichia coli being the predominant pathogen. Carbapenem-resistant E. coli strains exacerbate the clinical burden due to restricted treatment options. This study assessed the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of carbapenem-resistant E. coli strains associated with UTIs, aiming to identify effective oral treatment alternatives.
Material and Methods: The Cross-sectional study was conducted in the section of microbiology of the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, from January 2018 to December 2022. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant E. coli in urine samples and their susceptibility profiles against fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline.
Results: A total of 978 carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates were identified during this time period. Approximately 54% (527) of these isolates were recovered from female patients. Fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin were found to be susceptible against 82%, 67.2%, 15.2%, 9.7% and 0.1% carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates, respectively.  More than 80% of all E. coli were sensitive to fosfomycin. Ciprofloxacin exhibited the lowest susceptibility rate. 82% of carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates were susceptible to fosfomycin, 67.2% to nitrofurantoin, 15.2% to tetracycline, 9.7% to cotrimoxazole, and 0.1% to ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion: The emerging carbapenem resistance among gram-negative bacteria markedly limits oral therapeutic alternatives. However, this study displays high susceptibility rates to fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin. We propose their utilization for managing uncomplicated UTIs caused by carbapenem-resistant E. coli.
Keywords: Carbapenem resistance, Escherichia coli, Urinary tract infections
Spectrum of hepatic dysfunction in dengue epidemic in Rawalpindi Pakistan in 2023
Authors: Zahid Usama , Nisar Shazia , Saleem Salman , Sadiq Muhammad Arif , Azeem Abdul Rehman , Siddiqui Ahreema
Published: January 2025

Background: To study the relationship of spectrum of hepatitis dysfunction with other clinical features in Dengue fever. This research article aims to unravel the intricate spectrum of hepatic involvement in individuals afflicted by dengue fever during Dengue epidemic in year 2023.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on adult patients with dengue fever confirmed by NS-1 antigenemia. We recorded clinical features and classified patients into different groups of severity as defined by WHO guidelines. Liver function tests were also done in all cases. Different clinical features were compared amongst patients with mild to moderate and severe hepatitis.
Results: There were 235 patients, including 184 (78%) males and 51 (22%) females, out of which 191 (81%) of patients had fever, Rigors and chills 182 (77 %), Vomiting in 115 (49%). Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever 83 (35%), while dengue shock syndrome was present in 8 (3.40%) of patients. Our study showed statistically significance in terms of hepatic involvement based on its dysfunction and bleeding tendencies with mild / moderate hepatitis (median = 112.15) and severe hepatitis (median = 57.64), p = 0.0001, r= 0.184.
Conclusion: This study showed dengue fever has adverse impact on liver parenchyma and hepatic function resulting in a higher level of transaminases. Early intervention and supportive treatment will result in a better outcome.
Keywords: Dengue, Hepatitis, Hospital stay
Neonatal sepsis by gram negative bacteria and antibiotics susceptibility pattern at a tertiary care Paediatric Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Javed Shamsa , Mehdi Naima , Majeed Nadia , Tahir Anum , Mir Nazia Akber , Javed Humera
Published: January 2025

Background: Neonatal sepsis has become a leading contributor to mortality and morbidity among neonates in developing countries with recent surge in infections with multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Aim of this study was to find out the spectrum of Gram-negative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in neonatal sepsis.
Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Microbiology, University of Child Health Sciences, The Children’s Hospital, Lahore from September to December 2023. A total of 374 blood culture samples received from neonatal unit were incubated at 37 °C for upto 7 days and sub cultured on blood and MacConkey agar after observing signs of growth. Bacterial isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics using SPSS 23.0.
Results: Out of 374 neonates, males were predominant (n=238, 63.6%). Eighty-seven (23.3%) cultures were positive for Gram negative bacilli which comprised of 29.9% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 23% Acinetobacter baumannii, 17.2% Enterobacter spp., 8.1% Serratia marcescens, 10.4% Pseudomonas spp., 4.6% Escherichia coli, 3.4% Pantoea spp., 2.3% Burkholderia cepacia and 1.1% Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. High resistance to multiple groups of antibiotics including β-lactams, β-lactam combinations, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides was observed among majority of the isolates.
Conclusion: In this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common isolates in neonatal sepsis. High antibiotics resistance is an alarming situation. Antimicrobial stewardship is required to develop appropriate guidelines for empiric antimicrobial use.
Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, Gram negative bacteria, Antimicrobial resistance, Antimicrobial stewardship
Severity of COVID-19 infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients and their outcome - a local experience
Authors: Iftikhar Namirah , Khalid Muhammad Osama Rehman , Ahmed Ashar Ekhlaq , Ghori Uzma
Published: January 2025

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a significant global health threat. In late 2020 and early 2021, multiple vaccines were authorized for emergency use, enabling mass vaccination campaigns. This study aimed to evaluate factors influencing COVID-19 severity (mild, moderate, severe) and outcomes (death or discharge) in vaccinated individuals presenting to a tertiary care hospital.
Material and Methods: An observational study was conducted at Dr. Ziauddin Hospital Clifton, Karachi, Pakistan, from June to September 2021. We included patients aged 16 and above with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection, categorized by vaccination status (unvaccinated, partially or fully vaccinated). The study analyzed variables such as age, gender, vaccination status, vaccine type, disease severity, day of presentation, hospital stay, and breakthrough infection duration. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests. A total of 341 patients were enrolled, with 219 vaccinated (V1) and 73 unvaccinated (V2).
Results: The median age was 65 years, with 61% males. Among the patients, 45% were fully vaccinated, 13.2% partially vaccinated, and 41% unvaccinated. Disease severity was mild in 17.9%, moderate in 50.1%, and severe in 32%. Disease severity was significantly associated with age (p=0.01), vaccination status (p=0.00), and vaccine type (p=0.00). Time since the last vaccination also influenced breakthrough infections (p=0.00). Of the patients, 76.5% survived and 23.5% died. Disease outcomes were associated with age (p=0.02), severity (p=0.00), hospital stay (p=0.01), and vaccine type (p=0.01).
Conclusion: Age and vaccine-related factors significantly influence disease severity, while additional factors beyond vaccination may impact disease outcomes. Further research is needed to explore these variables.
Keywords: Vaccination, COVID-19, Severity, Immunization, SARS-CoV-2
Incidence and clinical outcome of cytomegalovirus infection in recipients of allogenic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation; experience from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Zurrya Faseeh , Saeed Nabiha , Ashfaq Dahir , Hussain Shaikh Reyan , Waqas Mashal , Ali Natasha
Published: January 2025

Background: Infectious complications are a major factor affecting the prognosis of HSCT recipients. Cytomegalovirus is responsible for substantial mortality in post-transplant patients. The objective of our study was to assess the frequency and outcomes of CMV infection in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant.
Material and Methods:  This retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Karachi, from January 2015 to December 2021. Quantitative PCR was done to detect CMV infection. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression was employed to assess factors affecting survival.
Results: We included 112 patients. The frequency of CMV infection in the transplant period was 52%, with 97% of cases occurring within the first 100 days. CMV infection within 30 days occurred in 57%, between 30 and 100 days in 38% and after 100 days in 5% of patients. CMV PCR positive patients had a mean survival of 43 months (95% CI: 31.3-55.2), while CMV PCR negative patients showed an estimated mean survival of 70 months. Cox regression showed CMV positive adults with GVHD had a lower mean survival. CMV status (HR: 2.2, p-value: 0.04) and ATG use (HR: 2.3, p-value: 0.04) were associated with an increased hazard of death. No other variables were significant.
Conclusion: Overall frequency of CMV infection in our study was 52% with the majority occurring within 100 days of transplant. Adults with GVHD and patients receiving ATG had a decreased mean survival time. Understanding of factors worsening the prognosis of CMV infection is important to improve clinical practice.
Keywords: Cytomegalovirus, Allogenic stem cell transplantation, ATG, GVHD
Young female with repeated chest and gastrointestinal infections
Authors: Ul Ain Qurat , Rasool Rabia , Afsheen Saliha
Published: January 2025

Common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterised by reduced serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), along with immunoglobulin A (IgA) and/or immunoglobulin M (IgM).1 The range of clinical manifestations is broad, including acute and chronic infections, inflammatory and autoimmune disease, and an increased incidence of cancer and lymphoma.2 We present a case of a young female with bronchial asthma, repeated chest infections, and a prolonged episode of gastroenteritis. After a detailed history, examination, and investigations, she was diagnosed with CVID. She was managed with IV fluids, antibiotics, and antiprotozoal medications. After one month of follow-up, she was doing well.
Keywords: Immunodeficiency, Immunoglobulins, CVID, Respiratory tract infection, IgA, IgG, IgM, asthma, gastroenteritis