bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisionist Powers’ Probing Behavior
Authors: Grygiel Jakub J. , Mitchell A. Wess
Published: May 2018

This chapter discusses the nature of revisionist probing and the form that it takes in various regions. Drawing on historical examples of imperial Germany's use of low-intensity colonial crises to challenge Britain and its allies in the early twentieth century, it argues that rising powers are employing similar techniques in the global periphery to test America's resolve in the twenty-first century. Over the past few years, and with greater frequency and brazenness, regional powers opposed to the United States have been engaging in probing. Russia, Iran, and China in their respective regions have been working under the hypothesis that the United States is retreating, out of choice, fatigue, or weakness, or all three combined.
Ovarian Development of House Fly (Musca domestica L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)
Authors: Xider Karim Mohammed , M. Amin Havall
Published: May 2018

The ovarian development of Musca domestica, was examined under light microscope. There are two ovaries in the adult female of fly. Each ovary was formed of about 60-70 polytrophic ovarioles. The ovariole in cross sections organized in several circles. From cytological observations, ovary development and oogenesis could be divided in to 6 stages; ovaries with no noticeable follicle cells existing were characterized as (stage1), the follicle-growing stages considered as (stage2, 3), the vitellogenen in stages (stages4, 5(and mature egg stage (stage6). The oocyte initiated development at first stages of oogenesis; the nurse cells and follicle epithelial cells were considered to fulfill important functions with regard to the growth of the oocyte.
Financial Performance Bank BNI Syariah Company
Authors: Rachmawati Diana Widhi
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTPT Bank BNI Syariah, one of them working are a big banking company is almost covering all over the country until now looked at  pretty good company asset which are owned, so author conduct research in the title “Financial Performance PT Bank BNI Syariah in Solvability Ratio”. Financial Statement Analysis is aplication from tools and technical analysis financial report general aim and data to be related and estimation produce useful conclutions in business analysis. Financial Performance Analysis research used analysis methode is solvability ratio. General aim to give information finance performance PT Bank BNI Syariah development.  Special goals is finance performance PT Bank BNI Syariah from Solvability Ratio”. This Sample is: PT Bank BNI Syariah. Final result which is research obtained it says finance performance  PT Bank BNI Syariah from Solvability Ratio quite solvable, because this three point inside it contained increased.  This development hope PT Bank BNI Syariah, to be remain consistent with trying to do breakthrough a company goals Key Words  :  Financial Performance PT Bank BNI Syariah
Training Based OrganizationApproachfrom Islamic Perspective
Authors: Ahmad Mastura Binti , Bin Ahmad Razimi Mohd Shahril
Published: May 2018

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to present a concept inherent in Islam can be applied on the training. Training plays an important role in the organization without it the organization find difficulty to stay competitive in recent global world.Ongoing training is very important in an organization in order to compete and maintain excellent performance. This paper attempts to look at the concept and how to practice from the viewpoint of Islam. The study examines three concepts related to training (Itqan, al-Falahand Ihsan) and the principle of education Islam (Ta’dib) relating to the training.Keywords: concept of the training, principle of education Islam relating to training.
An Algorithm to Define the Optimum Biological Dose of Metronomic Chemotherapy
Authors: Bhattacharjee Atanu , Patil Vijay M. , Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Prabhash Kumar
Published: May 2018

The best effective dose of a chemotherapy is defined using the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of toxicity. It is possible that the toxicity of a dose may increase when the dose-response curve is not monotonic. In the case of metronomic chemotherapy (MC) a 1/10th level of MC dose is considered as a targeted dose of therapy and is safer in terms of toxicity levels. The objective of this study is to develop an algorithm based on the dose response model of MC to evaluate the best effective dose based on the molecular target agent. The molecular target agent is defined as the optimal biological dose achieved by the best effective dose, as the lowest dose with the highest rate of safety and efficacy. The first proposed design is parametric and assumes a logistic dose-efficacy curve for dose determination, and the second design uses quadratic regression to identify the optimal biological dose. We conducted extensive simulation studies to investigate the operating characteristics of the proposed designs. Simulation studies provide a possible way to decide on the best effective dose of MC to be considered in further phases through the finding of the optimal biological dose. The proposed design is assumed, with the threshold value of optimum biological dose (OBD), to detect the best dose of MC. This consistent design with specific dose response models can be recommended for practice.
Preface
Authors: Boyvalenkov Peter
Published: May 2018

This volume contains selected papers from the Eighth International Workshop on Optimal Codes and Related Topics (OCRT’2017) organized as minisymposium during the conference Mathematical days in Sofia (10-14 July 2017). This workshop was organized by the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. There were 37 participants and 26 contributed talks.
On Tight Optimal Conflict-Avoiding Codes for 3, 4, 5 and 6 Active Users
Authors: Baicheva Tsonka , Topalova Svetlana
Published: May 2018

We classify tight optimal conflict-avoiding codes of weights 3, 4, 5 and 6 and given small lengths.
On the Classification of Splitting (v, u×c, λ) BIBDs
Authors: Zhelezova Stela
Published: May 2018

The (v, u×c, λ)-splitting balanced incomplete block designs correspond to c-splitting authentication codes. We classify splitting balanced incomplete block designs with definite parameters.
Antioxidant enzyme activities in rabbits under oxidative stress induced by high fat diet
Authors: Skowron Marta , Zalejska-Fiolka Jolanta , Błaszczyk Urszula , Chwalińska Ewa , Owczarek Aleksander , Birkner Ewa
Published: May 2018

Introduction

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the type and form of oil (raw/non-oxidised (N) or post-frying/oxidised (O)) consumed in high-fat diets affect the oxidative status of an organism, as observed by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as an oxidative factor and antioxidant enzyme activity.

Material and Methods

Fats in the diet came from rapeseed oil (R) and olive oil (O).

Results

The applied diet caused a decrease in MDA concentration (μmol/L) in serum in group RN from 2.94 ± 0.87 to 1.76 ± 0.13, in group ON from 2.45 ± 0.62 to 1.50 ± 0.10, and in group OO from 2.70 ± 1.16 to 1.84 ± 0.36. Meanwhile, MDA concentration (mmol/L) increased in blood haemolysate in group RO from 0.15 ± 0.07 to 0.22 ± 0.03 and in group OO from 0.17 ± 0.02 to 0.22 ± 0.02. The observed changes caused a response of the enzymatic antioxidant system in both models, especially followed by an increase in activities of total superoxide dismutase and its mitochondrial isoenzyme in all experimental groups, while its cytosolic isoenzyme activity increased only in ON and OO groups. Increased activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in groups RN and RO and of catalase (CAT) in groups ON and OO was observed. Significant differences in responses to the different types and forms of oils were probably caused by the different oxidative stability of the studied oils.

Conclusion

This diet disturbed the body’s oxidative status; however, during the six-month study the enzymatic antioxidant system remained effective.
A Gap in Networked Publics?: A Comparison of Younger and Older Journalists’ Newsgathering Practices on Social Media
Authors: Brandtzaeg Petter Bae , Chaparro Domínguez María Ángeles
Published: May 2018

Several recent studies have examined how professional journalists use social media at work. However, we know little about the differences between younger and older journalists’ use of social media for newsgathering. We conducted 16 in-depth interviews comparing eight young journalists (median age = 24) with eight older journalists (median age = 50) in Norway. The younger journalists reported using multiple social media platforms, such as Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram, to collect politically significant information, news observations, sources and comments. By comparison, the older journalists reported relying heavily on elite sources on Twitter. This reluctance to use a variety of social media platforms may limit older journalists’ exposure to a variety of news sources. As a result, younger journalists seem to follow a more multi-perspectival approach to social media and may be more innovative in their newsgathering. Hence, younger journalists may be exposed to more diverse types of news sources than older journalists. Together, the findings indicate a generational gap in ‘networked publics’ concerning how younger and older journalists approach newsgathering in social media.
Connecting with Citizens: The Emotional Rhetoric of Norwegian and Danish Municipal Websites
Authors: Isaksson Maria , Flyvholm Jørgensen Poul Erik
Published: May 2018

This article suggests that current research on the use of new digital technologies by the public sector should move beyond its focus on their facility for e-government and e-democracy. It is important to observe that the same technologies can also be a resource for developing public enthusiasm and identification with local authorities by adopting a rhetoric of friendship. The backdrop of the study is the forthcoming Norwegian reform of municipal structure, informed by a similar reform in Denmark in 2006/2007. If Norway, like Denmark, significantly reduces its number of municipalities, the majority of municipalities will undergo significant change and risk losing citizens’ sense of local identity. Each new municipality will need to create meaningful community building to ease the public’s fear of losing their good life. The study examines how municipalities reach out to connect with their publics, and whether they employ emotional and engaging discourse to achieve this. Our data consist of twenty Norwegian and twenty Danish municipal websites.
SaltMod estimation of root-zone salinity Varadarajan and Purandara Application of SaltMod to estimate root-zone salinity in a command area
Authors: Varadarajan N. , Purandara B.K.
Published: May 2018

Waterlogging and salinity are the common features associated with many of the irrigation commands of surface water projects. This study aims to estimate the root zone salinity of the left and right bank canal commands of Ghataprabha irrigation command, Karnataka, India. The hydro-salinity model SaltMod was applied to selected agriculture plots at Gokak, Mudhol, Biligi and Bagalkot taluks for the prediction of root-zone salinity and leaching efficiency. The model simulated the soil-profile salinity for 20 years with and without subsurface drainage. The salinity level shows a decline with an increase of leaching efficiency. The leaching efficiency of 0.2 shows the best match with the actual efficiency under adequate drainage conditions. The model shows a steady increase, reaching the levels up to 8.0 decisiemens/metre (dS/m) to 10.6 dS/m at the end of the 20-year period under no drainage. If suitable drainage system is not provided, the area will further get salinised, thus making the land uncultivable. We conclude from the present study that it is necessary to provide proper drainage facilities to control the salinity levels in the study area.
Neurofibroma revealed as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: a case report
Authors: Sultana Nasreen , Sarker Azmal kabir , Faruquee Sajedur Reza , Rahman Mizanur , Haque Jasmine Ara
Published: May 2018

Background:

Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) can be categorized into benign or malignant on the basis of imaging findings on ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Case Presentation:

We report a case of a 28-year-old male presented with a huge swelling in his right forearm. While the features of MRI suggested neurofibroma, some of the features of USG were in favor of malignant PNST (MPNST). Finally, the histopathology and immunohistochemistry features were found to be consistent with that of MPNST.

Conclusion:

This case is an example of the additive value of USG over MRI in identification of MPNSTs that can be helpful for appropriate management.
Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia associated to hematological malignancy: a case report
Authors: Pereira Filipa Ferreira , Santos Mario , Silva Margarida Freitas
Published: May 2018

Background:

The acute fibrinoid and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is an histopathological patern, characterized by the presence of intra-alveolar fibrin and organizing pneumonia. AFOP is an entity that can be either idiopathic or associated with several clinical conditions including infectious diseases, drug interactions, and cancer. No specific treatment exists for AFOP but an excellent response to the steroid therapy has been observed.

Case Presentation:

A 55-year-old man was admited to the hospital with pneumonia diagnosis. He did not respond to antibiotics, but an excellent response to steroids was observed. Lung biopsy was done that supported the diagnosis of AFOP. After discharge, bone marrow aspiration was repeated and the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes was confirmed. The patient started chemotherapy but after several infections and cerebrovascular complications, the patient passed away.

Conclusion:

AFOP is a rare entity associated with several diseases and often misdiagnosed as an infectious process. The diagnosis is based on histopathology and the treatment is based on steroids. Many questions still remain unanswered regarding this disease.
Sigmund Freud
Authors: Fernández Lelio
Published: May 2018

Esta exposición del pensamiento de Sigmund Freud está dividida en cuatro partes. La primera abarca lo que el fundador del psicoanálisis habría de considerar, hasta su muerte, como los contenidos básicos e ineludibles de esa disciplina. La segunda recoge las importantes modificaciones que el mismo Freud impuso a sus propias teorías a partir de 1920. La tercera resume lo principal de su concepción dela cultura. La cuarta expone su actitud con respecto de la filosofía.
Catalytic Reaction Mechanism in Native and Mutant COMT from the Adaptive String Method and Mean Reaction Force Analysis.
Authors: Saez David Adrian , Zinovjev Kirill , Tuñon Iñaki , Vöhringer-Martinez Esteban
Published: May 2018

Catechol-O-Methyltransferase is an enzyme which catalyzes the methylation reaction of dopamine by S-Adenosylmethionine increasing the reaction rate by almost 16 orders of magnitude compared to the reaction in aqueous solution. Here, we combine the recently introduced adaptive string method and the Mean Reaction Force method in combination with structural and electronic descriptors to characterize the reaction mechanism. The catalytic effect of the enzyme is addressed by comparison of the reaction mechanism in the human wild-type enzyme, in the less effective Y68A mutant and in aqueous solution. The influence of these different environments at different stages of the chemical process and the significance of key collective variables describing the reaction were quantified. Our results show that the native enzyme limits the access of water molecules to the active site, enhancing the interaction between the reactants and providing a more favorable electrostatic environment to assist the SN2 methyl transfer reaction.
The Optical Properties of Monoclinic Na3AlF6 and Na3AlF6:Mn4+
Authors: Jansen Thomas , Böhnisch David , Baur Florian , Jüstel Thomas
Published: May 2018

Mn4+ activated luminescent materials have attracted much attention recently. In particular, alkali metal hexafluorometallates, such as K2SiF6:Mn4+ or K2TiF6:Mn4+, emit light in the red spectral region on phosphor converted LEDs (pc-LED). We applied the cation-exchange method in order to synthesize Mn4+ doped Na3AlF6. Na3AlF6:Mn4+ exhibits efficient red photoluminescence peaking at 627 nm, which can be assigned to the 2Eg → 4A2g intraconfigurational transition of Mn4+ ([Ar]3d.3 configuration) within the [MnF6]2- octahedra on the aluminum site in the cryolite host structure. Photoluminescence properties, such as temperature dependence of the PL intensity and luminescence lifetime are presented. Additionally, the band structure of the undoped host material has been treated with Density Functional Theory (DFT). The theoretical results have been evaluated experimentally with diffuse UV reflectance spectroscopy. Finally, luminous efficacy and color rendering values of simulated warm white emitting pcLEDs comprising a dichromatic phosphor blend employing Na3AlF6:Mn4+ as the red emitting component are calculated and compared to the performance of warm white emitting pcLEDs comprising K2SiF6:Mn4+ as red emitting component.
Revision of the crystal structure of “‘bis glycine’ squarate” [Tyagi et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 24565]
Authors: Seidel Rüdiger W.
Published: May 2018

The crystal structure of “‘bis glycine’ squarate”, recently published in RSC Advances [Tyagi et al., RSC Adv. 2016, 6, 24565], is revised. Re-refinement of the structure against

the original X-ray diffraction data after correct placement of the donor hydrogen atoms proves that the compound is the previously reported diglycinium squarate [Aniola et al.,

New J. Chem. 2014, 38, 3556].
A LUDICIDADE NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS UTILIZANDO O TEMA DOS QUELÔNIOS EM UMA ESCOLA RIBEIRINHA, PARINTINS-AM, BRASIL
Authors: Fonseca Ana Paula Melo , Oliveira Lindalva Sâmela Jacaúna de , Terán Augusto Fachín , Nobre Gelcimara de Lima
Published: May 2018

Este estudo traz contribuições acerca de práticas lúdicas usadas no ensino de ciências e a sensibilização ambiental, no qual potencializam o interesse, participação, imaginação e criatividade das crianças. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender como atividades lúdicas contribuem para o ensino de ciência e a sensibilização em estudantes do Ensino Fundamental usando o tema dos quelônios amazônicos. O trabalho foi realizado em uma escola ribeirinha situada no município de Parintins-AM. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, com abordagem fenomenológica. Os sujeitos foram 14 estudantes do 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se as técnicas de observação participante e teatro de máscaras. Foram descritas e interpretadas as falas e expressões dos estudantes. Como resultados, podemos destacar que o teatro de máscaras permitiu às crianças um olhar diferenciado do mundo a sua volta e o compartilhamento de saberes sobre a preservação do quelônio “tracajá” (Podocnemis unifilis). Constatamos que a ludicidade é importante para assimilação de conceitos científicos e a sensibilização dos estudantes sobre os problemas ambientais da comunidade.
Identification of Mi-1 homologs in various Solanum species
Authors: Carrera Pacheco Saskya Estefany , Chacón Acosta María Gabriela , Vallejo López María José , Jarrín Cornejo Francisco Javier , Oliva Pérez Ricardo Francisco , Proaño Karina Isabel
Published: May 2018

In Ecuador, several solanaceous crops, including naranjilla (Solanum quitoense), are attacked by the nematode Meloidogyne sp. Resistant cultivars are not available and there is a need to identify potential sources of resistance that can be incorporated into breeding programs. The Mi-1 gene from S. peruvianum is known to confer resistance to Meloidogyne in tomato (S. lycopersicum).

In this study, 42 plant accessions of wild and cultivated Solanum species were screened to identify the presence of this gene, its diversification, expression, and evidence of gene recombination. The Mi-1 gene (exon 3) was identified in 34 accessions. Sixteen alleles were identified, that encode 15 different amino acid sequences, all of which encode NBS-LRR proteins and share 72-96 % homology with the tomato Mi-1 protein. The Mi-1 locus was highly polymorphic; most polymorphisms tend to accumulate in the NBS rather than in the LRR region. Genetic recombination was detected among the tomato and potato relate d sequences, but it was absent in the naranjilla group. Homologs identified expressed in both non-infected roots and leaves of some accessions, suggesting the constitutive expression of the gene.
Corrosion on Mars: An Investigation of Corrosion under Relevant Simulated Martian Environments
Authors: Calle Luz , Li Wenyan , Buhrow Jerry , Johansen Michael , Calle Carlos
Published: May 2018

The goal of this research is to develop a systematic approach to understand corrosion of spacecraft materials on Mars by conducting a literature search of available data relevant to corrosion in the Mars environment and by performing preliminary laboratory experiments under relevant simulated Martian conditions. This project was motivated by the new found evidence for the presence of transient liquid brines that coincided with the suggestion by a team of researchers that some structure degradation cannot be attributed to rock scratching and may be caused by corrosive interactions of brines with spacecraft materials. An extensive literature search on data relevant to Mars corrosion confirmed the need for further investigation of the effect of the Mars environment on the materials used for spacecraft and structures designed to support long-term surface operations on Mars. Simple preliminary experiments, designed to look at the interaction between AA7075-T73 aluminum alloy and the gases present in the Mars atmosphere, at 20 degree C and a pressure of 633 Pa, showed that there is a significant interaction between the small amount of oxygen present in the Mars gas and the alloy when there is a scratch that removes the protective aluminum oxide film. There are many other important components of the Mars environment that can affect this interaction such as: the photo-catalytic effect of radiation on the oxidizing species, and the effect of salts in Martian soil. These initial experimental results provide strong justification for further investigation of the corrosion mechanism of materials relevant to long-term surface operations in support of future human exploration missions on Mars.
Pengaruh Model Learning Cycle 5E Berbasis Eksperimen Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Fisika Peserta Didik Kelas XI SMAN 1 Gerung
Authors: Septiana I'in Senja , Harjono Ahmad , Hikmawati Hikmawati
Published: May 2018

This research aims to determine the effect of experimental based learning cycle 5E model to the critical thinking ability of physics students class XI SMAN 1 Gerung. This research is a quasi experimental research with design called "untreated control group design with pretest and posttes". The population in this study is all students of class XI SMA Negeri 1 Gerung, and sampling technique using purposive sampling. There are two samples taken are class XI MIPA-3 as experiment class and XI MIPA-2 as control class. The data collection critical thinking ability using the technique to description of 6 questions. Based on the result, it is found that the average posttest of experimental critical thinking ability is 70,28 and control class is 62,39. The obtained data were first tested for normality and homogeneity. Both classes were normally distributed and homogeneous, followed by hypothesis testing using statistical test (t-test polled variance). The hypothetical test of critical thinking ability was obtained by ÃÂ of 3.38, of 1.99 at significant level of 0.05, because ÃÂ  is greater than ÃÂ , H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion of this research, there is influence of experimental based learning cycle 5E model to the critical thinking ability of physics learners class XI SMAN 1 Gerung.
Pengaruh Model Discovery Learning Berbantuan Media PhET Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Peserta Didik Kelas XI SMAN 1 Kediri Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018
Authors: Lidiana Hamidah , Gunawan Gunawan , Taufik Muhammad
Published: May 2018

This research aimed to figure out the effect of discovery learning using PhET to the learning outcome in physics of the second-grade students in SMAN 1 Kediri Academic Year 2017/2018. This research was conducted as the result of experiment using non-equivalent control group design. The population of this research was the whole second-grade students in SMAN 1 Kediri. To limit the sample, surfeited sampling was applied consisting the students in class XI MS I as the experiment class and class MS II as the control class. Research instrument used was the multiple-choice test after the tests of validity, reliability, discrimination power, and difficulty level have been done. The increasing of the learning outcome was defined from the result of N-gain test per sub-chapter. The result of this research showed that the learning outcome of the students has increased to both classes. This proved that discovery learning method using PhET has succeeded in increasing the studentsÃ¢â¬â¢ learning outcome for Physics.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Konflik Kognitif Terhadap Penguasaan Konsep Fisika Peserta Didik
Authors: Larasafitri Martina Nur , Sutrio Sutrio , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: May 2018

This research aimed at measure the effect of cognitive conflict approach on the mastery of physics concept of students. Cognitive conflict is an approach consisting of preliminary, conflict, and settlement phases. This quasi-experimental research uses non-equivalent group design. The population of this research was all XI IPA students of SMAN 6 Mataram in academic year 2017/2018. The sample was chosen using cluster random sampling, with XI IPA 1 as experiment class and XI IPA 2 as control class. The instrument used for concept mastery refers to students cognitive abilities (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6). Hypothesis test using t pooled varians. The improvement of concept mastery is determined based on the results of the n-gain test. The results of research indicate the influence of cognitive conflict approach on the mastery of physics concept of students. In addition, the experimental class experienced an increased mastery concept higher than control class. This suggests the cognitive conflict approach applied successfully improves the mastery of the physics concepts of students, especially on sub material nature of material elasticity, Hooke law, and the arrangement of springs.
Uri Zvi Grinberg: the politics of avant-garde. The Hebrew Zionist revolution - 1924–1929
Authors: Winther Judith
Published: May 2018

Uri Zvi Grinberg (1894–1981) lived at the crossroads of Jewish history, at a time when the Zionist movement was ambitiously caught in a process of bringing about a radical transformation aimed to alter the landscape and map of the history of the Jewish people and the individual, creating a new people and a new man. Of all Hebrew poets in the 20th century Uri Zvi Grinberg was the most politically committed. His political passion and struggle were at the very foundation of his poetry, profoundly imbued with the sense of his mission, rejecting violently an aesthetic value, a dwelling essence, detached from ideological interest and the messiness of history. He was drawn towards radical Zionist politics: active Hebrew messianism and messianic Hebraism. He understood Zionism as a secular messianic movement, trying to turn it into a political ideology, and trying to propose not only a program for a new understanding of Jewish history but also new guiding principles for Zionist activity.
PROTESTANT IDEOLOGY IMPORTANCE IN THE “AMERICAN EXCLUSIVENESS” CONCEPTION FORMATION
Authors: Skorodumova Ol'ga Borisovna
Published: May 2018

The article examines the influence of Protestant ideology on the formation of modern civilizations by the example of the USA. The author shows the close interrelation of Protestantism ideological content and the basic for the American culture idea of the exclusive American destiny, analyzes its historical and cultural backgrounds. The paper traces the interrelation of the globalization concept and Protestantism ethos, identifies how the USSR breakdown influenced the conception of the American national idea, traces the relation between this idea and neo-liberalism, and discovers the importance of Protestant ideology in the formation of the unipolar world.
Revitalizing a Traditional Game “Dakon” to Teach English for Young Learners
Authors: Rahmawati Femi Eka , Junining Esti
Published: May 2018

A traditional game can develop either cognitive, social or emotional skills of the children. Dakon, one of the name of traditional game from Java, becomes the point of discussion in this paper. Dakon is made of wood or plastic with fourteen pits filled with particles like tamarine seeds, snail cover or small stones. This game can be played by two players facing each other by filling the particles to each pit. In the last stopped stone, the student should see the letter printed in the pit and then start spelling the letter, pronounce the word and read the usage of the word in a simple sentence provided. This part is played again and again until the particles are empty. This paper aims at designing a traditional game, dakon, to learn pronunciation and vocabulary. This game is designed for young learners (elementary school students) who willingly learn English in pairs. Besides learning English, this game also can develop the learners’ social interaction with friends at similar ages. This is a Design Based Research by designing art concept. The result shows that the Elementary school students enjoy learning English using this game.
The Lexical and Phonetical Features of The Tengger Dialect of Javanese
Authors: Andayani Sri -
Published: May 2018

Probolinggo, East Java is an area of Pandalungan. Culturally, the area has the mixing of Javanese and Madurese cultures, so as the local languages that are used by the society. Most of Probolinggo people master Javanese as well as Madurese language. Besides, there is one more dialect developing in Probolinggo, that is Tengger dialectdialect. It is used by the Tengger society in Tengger Mountainuos region around Mount Bromo. The Javanese that is used by the Tengger society is different from the Javanese of Probolinggo or even the standard Javanese. The significant difference is in the pronunciation of the vowel. It tends to have the features of the Old Javanese. By doing Comparative Historical Linguistics study, the features of Tengger dialect compared to the Modern and Old Javanese. The qualitative descriptive study uses an observation method to collect the data. Then, they are analyzed by the distributional and identity methods. It indicates that the distribution and development of Javanese as a part of Austronesian language family is not merely innovatively. It can be relix likewise. The Tengger dialect phonetical and lexical features tends to be similar to the Old Javanese feature, not the modern ones as the innovative Javanese.
Genome-wide identification and annotation of the Nuclear-factor YA gene family in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors:   Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chu Duc Ha , Do Thi Thuy Tam ,   Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences,   University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Le Xuan Dac ,   Institute of Tropical Ecology, Vietnam-Russia Tropical Center, Pham Thi Ly Thu ,   Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Published: May 2018

Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is a transcription factor which plays an important role in the regulation of various developmental processes and stress responses in plants. By using various bioinformatics tools, the identification and analyses of the NF-YA subunit of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) have been attempted in this study. A total of 12 members of the NF-YA gene family were identified in the cassava genome. They were located on the 18 cassava chromosomes with different frequencies. Several initial structural analyses of the NF-YA family were also performed. Among them, the typical gene organization of the MeNF-YA gene family contained 5 exons/4 introns. Interestingly, the conserved region of NF-YA was characterized by the interaction of NF-YB/C domain and the DNA binding domain. This study provided information on NF-Y in plants.
Which Risk Factors Causally Influence Dementia? A Systematic Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies
Authors: Kuźma Elżbieta , Hannon Eilis , Zhou Ang , Lourida Ilianna , Bethel Alison , Levine Deborah A. , Lunnon Katie , Thompson-Coon Jo , Hyppönen Elina , Llewellyn David J.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Numerous risk factors for dementia are well established, though the causal nature of these associations remains unclear.

Objective:

To systematically review Mendelian randomization (MR) studies investigating causal relationships between risk factors and global cognitive function or dementia.

Methods:

We searched five databases from inception to February 2017 and conducted citation searches including MR studies investigating the association between any risk factor and global cognitive function, all-cause dementia or dementia subtypes. Two reviewers independently assessed titles and abstracts, full-texts, and study quality.

Results:

We included 18 MR studies investigating education, lifestyle factors, cardiovascular factors and related biomarkers, diabetes related and other endocrine factors, and telomere length. Studies were of predominantly good quality, however eight received low ratings for sample size and statistical power. The most convincing causal evidence was found for an association of shorter telomeres with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Causal evidence was weaker for smoking quantity, vitamin D, homocysteine, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Well-replicated associations were not present for most exposures and we cannot fully discount survival and diagnostic bias, or the potential for pleiotropic effects.

Conclusions:

Genetic evidence supported a causal association between telomere length and AD, whereas limited evidence for other risk factors was largely inconclusive with tentative evidence for smoking quantity, vitamin D, homocysteine, and selected metabolic markers. The lack of stronger evidence for other risk factors may reflect insufficient statistical power. Larger well-designed MR studies would therefore help establish the causal status of these dementia risk factors.
Sex Moderates the Impact of Diagnosis and Amyloid PET Positivity on Hippocampal Subfield Volume
Authors: Caldwell Jessica Z.K. , Berg Jody-Lynn , Shan Guogen , Cummings Jeffrey L. , Banks Sarah J. ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: May 2018

We examined moderation effects of sex and diagnosis on the effect of positive florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET) amyloid-β (Aβ) scan (A+) on hippocampus subfield volumes in 526 normal control (NC) and early mild cognitive impairment (eMCI) participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI2; ADNI-GO). Regression moderation models showed that women— but not men— with NC designation did not show reduced subiculum volumes despite A+. At the eMCI stage, A+ was detrimental across sexes. Findings were significant while accounting for the effects of age, cognition at screening, education, and APOE4 carrier status. These findings suggest that women with A+ have early neural resistance to Alzheimer’s disease-related amyloid burden.
Participation and the Role of Neuropsychological Functioning in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1
Authors: Van Heugten Caroline , Meuleman Susan , Hellebrekers Danique , Kruitwagen-van Reenen Esther , Visser-Meily Johanna
Published: May 2018

Background:

Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is primarily a neuromuscular disease but can also have neuropsychological consequences (i.e.cognitive, emotional and behavioural) which can influence daily living and societal participation. Not much is known about the level of participation of DM1 patients and their relatives and the factors influencing participation. This information can guide the development of rehabilitation programs and identify those at risk of long-term participation problems.

Objective:

To investigate the level of participation of DM1 patients and their partners and the determinants.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study using the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation-Participation. Determinants were demographic, disease related, and neuropsychological characteristics. Spearman correlations and backward multiple regression analyses were performed.

Results:

Of the 66 DM1 participants, 54% reported severe fatigue and 47% apathy. Experienced participation restrictions were most prevalent in housekeeping (74%), sports (68%) and outdoor activities (55%). Participants were relatively satisfied with their level of participation, but dissatisfaction occurred mostly in housekeeping (58%), outdoor activities (55%), and sports (54%). Age and apathy were significant predictors of frequency of (R2 = 10.4) and restrictions in participation in the multivariate model (R2 = 14.4). Emotional functioning was the only significant predictor of satisfaction with participation (R2 = 23.8).

Conclusions:

A considerable number of DM1 patients have Central Nervous System-related problems such as fatigue and apathy in addition to neuromuscular restrictions. Risk factors for lower participation are age, apathy, and emotional problems. Physical as well as neuropsychological rehabilitation programs are recommended.
Evaluator Training and Reliability for SMA Global Nusinersen Trials
Authors: Glanzman Allan M. , Mazzone Elena S. , Young Sally Dunaway , Gee Richard , Rose Kristy , Mayhew Anna , Nelson Leslie , Yun Chris , Alexander Katie , Darras Basil T. , Zolkipli-Cunningham Zarazuela , Tennekoon Gihan , Day John W. , Finkel Richard S. , Mercuri Eugenio , De Vivo Darryl C. , Baldwin Ron , Bishop Kathie M. , Montes Jacqueline
Published: May 2018

Background:

Training methodology was established to optimize reliability of outcome measures in the nusinersen clinical trials. The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP INTEND), Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE), and Revised Upper Limb (RULM) were primary or secondary outcomes.

Methods:

Video review, quarterly conference calls, and item scoring checks supported evaluator competence. Baseline and screening along with video review established intra and inter-rater reliability.

Results:

Inter and intra-rater reliability were both excellent. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ranged between 0.906–0.994 across initial training meetings and 0.824–0.996 across annual retraining meetings. This was similar for CHOP INTEND (ICC = 0.824–0.951), HFMSE (ICC = 0.981–0.996), and RULM (ICC = 0.966–0.990). Intra-rater reliability for the CHOP INTEND, HFMSE, and RULM were ICC = 0.895 (95% CI: 0.852–0.926; n = 116), ICC = 0.959 (95% CI: 0.942–0.971; n = 125), and ICC = 0.948 (95% CI: 0.927–0.963; n = 126) respectively.

Conclusions:

Rigorous evaluator training ensures reliability of assessment of subjects with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in multicenter international trials.
Serum Acetylcholine Receptor Antibodies Before the Clinical Onset of Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Strijbos Ellen , Verschuuren Jan J.G.M. , Kuks Jan B.M.
Published: May 2018

A patient with autoimmune myasthenia gravis and a clinical and serological follow-up of 13 years is described. In this unique case, serum samples were available up to two years before the clinical onset of the myasthenia gravis and showed gradual increase of acetylcholine receptor antibodies, starting two years before onset of the clinical symptoms.
A similarity measure method combining location feature for mammogram retrieval
Authors: Wang Zhiqiong , Xin Junchang , Huang Yukun , Li Chen , Xu Ling , Li Yang , Zhang Hao , Gu Huizi , Qian Wei
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND:

Breast cancer, the most common malignancy among women, has a high mortality rate in clinical practice. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment can reduce the mortalities of breast cancer greatly. The method of mammogram retrieval can help doctors to find the early breast lesions effectively and determine a reasonable feature set for image similarity measure. This will improve the accuracy effectively for mammogram retrieval.

METHODS:

This paper proposes a similarity measure method combining location feature for mammogram retrieval. Firstly, the images are pre-processed, the regions of interest are detected and the lesions are segmented in order to get the center point and radius of the lesions. Then, the method, namely Coherent Point Drift, is used for image registration with the pre-defined standard image. The center point and radius of the lesions after registration are obtained and the standard location feature of the image is constructed. This standard location feature can help figure out the location similarity between the image pair from the query image to each dataset image in the database. Next, the content feature of the image is extracted, including the Histogram of Oriented Gradients, the Edge Direction Histogram, the Local Binary Pattern and the Gray Level Histogram, and the image pair content similarity can be calculated using the Earth Mover’s Distance. Finally, the location similarity and content similarity are fused to form the image fusion similarity, and the specified number of the most similar images can be returned according to it.

RESULTS:

In the experiment, 440 mammograms, which are from Chinese women in Northeast China, are used as the database. When fusing 40% lesion location feature similarity and 60% content feature similarity, the results have obvious advantages. At this time, precision is 0.83, recall is 0.76, comprehensive indicator is 0.79, satisfaction is 96.0%, mean is 4.2 and variance is 17.7.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results show that the precision and recall of this method have obvious advantage, compared with the content-based image retrieval.
A 3 year old baby with wasp stings-induced multiorgan dysfunction
Authors: Ahmed Farzana , Raj Aftab Yusuf , Sayeed Ahmed , Hasan Zahidul , Kabir Muhammod Humayun
Published: May 2018

This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below:A 3 year old healthy female baby had been stung with a swarm of wasps on her entire body while passing a coconut tree containing wasp nest at Chakoria, Cox’s Bazar. She developed severe pain and itching at the site of stings and swelling of the body within minutes. Immediately she was seen by a local physician and was treated with the injection of hydrocortisone and  pheniramine maleate. On the following day, she gradually developed yellowish tint of the whole body (Figure 1), followed by passage of reddish scanty urine. For these reasons, she was referred to Chittagong Medical College and Hospital and was treated with injection cefotaxime, flucloxacillin,  hydrocortisone and dopamine.
A 17 year old girl with gradual swelling of lower abdomen
Authors: Khatun Sayada Fatema , Khatun Sabera , Hossain A. K. M. Farhad , Nahar Khairun
Published: May 2018

This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below:A 17 year old girl presented at the outpatient department with the history of gradual swelling of lower abdomen, early onset of menstruation (precocious puberty) at the age of 7 years followed by secondary amenorrhea for 10 years, growth retardation and breast atrophy. She also complained that her secondary sexual characteristic did not develop. She had no family history of growth retardation or precocious puberty. Her breast showed infantile growth. She had no history of fever, abdominal pain, alteration of bowel habit, weight loss, or loss of appetite. On examination, she was afebrile and vitally stable.
Evaluating the Reduction of Stress Intensity Factor in Center-Cracked Plates Using Piezoelectric Actuators
Authors: Abuzaid Ahmed , Hrairi Meftah , Dawood Mohd Sultan Ibrahim Bin Shaik
Published: May 2018

Active repairs using smart materials such as piezoelectric actuators can play a significant role in reducing the crack damage propagation in engineering structures. This study analytically and numerically investigated the active repair of center-cracked plates using piezoelectric actuators. First, the stress intensity factor (SIF) for a center-cracked plate due to stress produced by a piezoelectric actuator is analytically modeled. This analytical model is obtained by applying the method of weight functions. In the second step, the solution is found for the center-cracked plate due to external loading from known linear elastic fracture mechanics. These solutions are then superimposed, taking into account the superposition principle to yield the total stress intensity factor for the integrated piezoelectric actuator to the center-cracked plate. Finally, the proposed theoretical model is verified by finite element simulation. The results indicated that the relative errors of the analytical model and the FEA results are less than 5% in all the cases studied in this paper.
The Effects of Forage Policy on Feed Costs in Korea
Authors: Chang Jae Bong
Published: May 2018

Feeding operations are substantial on livestock farms, besides being potentially expensive. Feeding efficiency has been considered a major influence on profits in the livestock industry. Indeed, feed costs are shown to be the largest single item of production cost in Korea. To promote production and use of domestic forage, the Korean government has enforced the forage base expansion program that strengthens the competitiveness of the livestock industry by reducing the production cost. The forage base expansion program includes three main policies: subsidized forage production, support for processing and distribution, and expanding land for forage production. This paper investigates the influence of the government’s policies often conjectured to have pronounced effects on forage production. To evaluate the forage policies, this paper uses a path-analysis approach linking government spending on forage base expansion programs and feed costs. Results indicate that the Korean government’s spending on supporting domestic forage production results in a decrease in the ratio of forage expenses to total feed cost.