bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrition and Care of Young Children during Emergencies
Authors: Longhurst Richard
Published: November 2018

Emergencies are not only sudden events with natural causes that can be ameliorated with resources from outside. The causes and consequences of emergencies with sudden or slow onset, those that are complex and involve conflict, or are permanent emergencies are all deeply rooted in the vulnerability of people to hazards and their incapacity to recover. This will have implications for care behaviours and practices in the feeding, health, hygiene, and psychosocial areas. Families react to slow-onset emergencies by managing a declining resource with inevitable negative impacts on child care. Food intake declines. At the extreme of destitution, families may migrate to refugee camps where children face health crises as large displaced populations congregate around contaminated water sources. Breastfeeding may cease. In war situations, children face extreme psychosocial stresses. The importance of care for young children is given insufficient attention by those providing assistance from outside. Care interventions should improve the effectiveness of health, food, and psychosocial support
Wide Variation in Methodology in Level I and II Studies on Cartilage Repair: A Systematic Review of Available Clinical Trials Comparing Patient Demographics, Treatment Means, and Outcomes Reporting
Authors: Saltzman Bryan Michael , Redondo Michael L. , Beer Adam , Cotter Eric J. , Frank Rachel M. , Yanke Adam B. , Cole Brian J.
Published: October 2018

Background

The management of complex cartilage pathology in young, otherwise healthy patients can be difficult.

Purpose

To determine the nature of the design, endpoints chosen, and rate at which the endpoints were met in published studies and ongoing clinical trials that investigate cartilage repair and restoration procedures.

Study Design

Systematic review.

Methods

A systematic review of the publicly available level I/II literature and of the publicly listed clinical trials regarding cartilage repair and restoration procedures for the knee was conducted adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results

Seventeen published studies and 52 clinical trials were included. Within the 17 published studies, the most common procedure studied was microfracture (MFX) + augmentation ( N = 5; 29.4%) and the most common comparison/control group was MFX ( N = 10; 58.8%). In total, 13 different cartilage procedure groups were evaluated. For published studies, the most common patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures assessed is the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Visual Analog Scale–Pain (VAS) ( N = 10 studies, 58.8% each, respectively). Overall, there are 10 different PROs used among the included studies. Ten studies demonstrate superiority, 5 demonstrate noninferiority, and 2 demonstrate inferiority to the comparison or control groups. For the clinical trials included, the most common procedure studied is MFX + augmentation ( N = 16; 30.8%). The most common PRO assessed is KOOS ( N = 36 trials; 69.2%), and overall there are 24 different PROs used among the included studies.

Conclusions

Recently published studies and clinical trials evaluate a variety of cartilage repair and restoration strategies for the knee, most commonly MFX + augmentation, at various time points of outcome evaluation, with KOOS and VAS scores being used most commonly. MFX remains the most common comparison group for these therapeutic investigations. Most studies demonstrate superiority versus comparison or control groups. Understanding the nature of published and ongoing clinical trials will be helpful in the investigation of emerging technologies required to navigate the regulatory process while studying a relatively narrow population of patients.
Long-Term Retrospective Follow-Up of Fresh Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation for Steroid-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Condyles
Authors: Early Samuel , Tírico Luís E. P. , Pulido Pamela A. , McCauley Julie C. , Bugbee William D.
Published: October 2018

Objective

No studies currently exist with long-term follow-up of use of osteochondral allografting (OCA) for treatment of steroid-associated osteonecrosis of femoral condyles in young, active patients who wish to avoid total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We evaluate the extent to which fresh osteochondral allografts can (1) prevent or postpone need for prosthetic arthroplasty and (2) maintain long-term clinically meaningful decrease in pain and improvement in function at mean 11-year follow-up.

Design

Twenty-five patients (33 knees) who underwent OCA transplantation for osteonecrosis of the knee between 1984 and 2013 were evaluated, including 22 females and 11 males with average age of 25 years (range, 16-48 years). Mean total allograft surface area was 10.6 cm2 (range, 4.0-19.0 cm2). Evaluation included International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores, Knee Society function (KS-F) score, and modified (for the knee) Merle d’Aubigné-Postel (18-point) score.

Results

OCA survivorship was 90% at 5 years and 82% at 10 years. Twenty-eight of 33 knees (85%) avoided arthroplasty and 25 of 33 knees (73%) avoided other surgical intervention. Mean IKDC pain score improved ( P = 0.001) from 7.2 preoperatively to 2.8 at latest follow-up, mean IKDC function score increased ( P = 0.005) from 3.3 to 6.5, and mean IKDC total score improved ( P = 0.001) from 31.9 to 61.1. Mean KS-F score improved ( P = 0.003) from 61.7 to 87.5. Mean modified Merle d’Aubigné-Postel (18-point) score improved ( P < 0.001) from 11.4 to 15.1.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that OCA transplantation is a reasonable surgical treatment option for steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral condyles, with durable long-term outcomes.
Effect of Obesity on Complications in Short-Scar Breast Reduction: A Retrospective Study of 236 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Tomczyk Eleanor Rose Goldwasser , Chappell Ava , Erskine Nathaniel , Akyurek Mustafa
Published: November 2018

Background:

Prior studies have examined the relationship between obesity and adverse outcomes after reduction mammaplasty, suggesting a correlation between increasing body mass index (BMI) and postoperative complications. However, there is little data published regarding such correlation with respect to short-scar technique.

Methods:

A total of 236 patients underwent short-scar mammaplasty with a superomedial pedicle from 2008 to 2014. The procedure was performed by a single surgeon at an academic medical center. Adverse outcomes included delayed healing, major wounds, nipple necrosis, fat necrosis, seroma, hematoma, infection, revision, and dog ear deformities. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios for the association of BMI category with the development of any adverse outcome.

Results:

Patients were grouped by the following BMI categories: <25 kg/m2 (n = 27), 25 to <30 kg/m2 (n = 71), 30 to <35 kg/m2 (n = 73), 35 to <40 kg/m2 (n = 45), and >40 kg/m2 (n = 20). The mean follow-up period was 260 days. The total complication rate in each group was 22.2%, 23.9%, 27.4%, 33.3%, and 45.0%, respectively. Although the proportion of patients experiencing at least 1 adverse outcome increased across the ascending BMI categories ( P trend = .145), there was no statistically significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion:

This study of 236 patients who underwent short-scar reduction mammaplasty found a positive trend in the incidence of adverse outcomes as BMI increased. However, this was not statistically significant.
Three-Legged Race to Trade Facilitation: Case Study at Jawaharlal Nehru Custom House
Authors: Chauhan Vijay Singh , Prasath K. Arun
Published: November 2018

In this paper, the authors use the tool of ‘Time Release Study’ (TRS), advocated by the World Customs Organization and the World Trade Organization under the Trade Facilitation Agreement, to assess the efforts being taken at Jawaharlal Nehru Custom House (JNCH), the largest customs house in India towards trade facilitation. They explain the multi-stakeholder concept of customs clearance process and the mathematical quantification of release time. Thereafter, relying on the data collected for the TRS 2018, which the authors piloted at JNCH, they identify three sets of issues that are critical to drawing up a roadmap to achieve the time release target of 72 hours for import cargo through sea ports, which has been mandated by the National Trade Facilitation Action Plan 2017–2020 .

The three sets of issues identified are time of submission of the import documents by importers (commonly known as bill of entry), level of facilitation or intervention (as determined by the risk management system) and involvement of non-fiscal concerns that may require processing by regulatory authorities, other than customs. Highlighting the nuanced impact of extent of pre-arrival processing and different grades of facilitation or inspection, the paper emphasises the necessity for a concerted and cooperative effort to achieve the challenging release time target.

JEL Classifications: C41, D04, Z18
The Possessive Investment in White Sociology
Authors: Brunsma David L. , Padilla Wyse Jennifer
Published: November 2018

In this feature review we explore the idea that the discipline is collectively, possessively invested in a particular version of itself—white sociology. We think through some of the key elements of this investment, its consequences, and explore possible ways to divest from it.
Validating and Adapting the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) for STEM Courses at an HBCU
Authors: Jackson Caesar R.
Published: November 2018

This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) for minority students enrolled in STEM courses at a historically black college/university (HBCU). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the third-order factor structure and to respecify the model. An adequate fit to the study sample data was achieved for the respecified MSLQ (MSLQ-R), and measurement invariance was verified on four groups within the HBCU sample. The highest correlates with EOC grade on the MSLQ-R were self-efficacy, task value, effort regulation, and time and study environment. Metacognitive self-regulation and strategy use variables were found to not correlate with EOC grade. A useful capability to discriminate on the basis of academic performance was exhibited by the MSLQ-R.
Improving market access to rare disease therapies: A worldwide perspective with recommendations to the industry
Authors: Lucas François
Published: November 2018

Success in launching new therapies for rare diseases (RDs) implies the ability for the manufacturer to achieve a level of reimbursed price and a level of market access that are commercially viable on the global market. Access to RD therapies is challenging in many countries because the legal and policy frameworks may be absent, funding may be insufficient and/or payers do not see the justification with the prices for these therapies. The industry has, however, a real opportunity to partner with healthcare systems to address these issues, for example, through education towards payers, responsible and evidence-based pricing, and innovative contracting. Such support is particularly needed in middle-income and emerging markets, where it will contribute to growth in RD therapy coverage.
Cost Differences Associated With Oncology Care Delivered in a Community Setting Versus a Hospital Setting: A Matched-Claims Analysis of Patients With Breast, Colorectal, and Lung Cancers
Authors: Gordan Lucio , Blazer Marlo , Saundankar Vishal , Kazzaz Denise , Weidner Susan , Eaddy Michael
Published: October 2018

Purpose:

Access to high-quality cancer care remains a challenge for many patients. One such barrier is the increasing cost of treatment. With recent shifts in cancer care delivery from community-based to hospital-based clinics, we examined whether this shift could result in increased costs for patients with three common tumor types.

Methods:

Cost data for 6,675 patients with breast, lung, and colorectal cancer were extracted from the IMS LifeLink database and analyzed as cost per patient per month (PPPM). Patients treated within a community setting were matched (2 to 1) with those treated at a hospital clinic on the basis of cancer type, chemotherapy regimen, receipt of radiation therapy, presence of metastatic disease, sex, prior surgery, and geographic region. Approximately 84% of patients were younger than 65 years of age.

Results:

Mean total PPPM cost was significantly lower for patients treated in a community- versus hospital-based clinic ($12,548 [standard deviation {SD}, $10,507] v $20,060 [SD, $16,555]; P < .001). The PPPM chemotherapy cost was also significantly lower in the community setting ($4,933 [SD, $4,983] v $8,443 [SD, $10,391]; P < .001). The lower cost observed in community practice was irrespective of chemotherapy regimen and tumor type.

Conclusion:

We observed significantly increased costs of care for our patient population treated at hospital-based clinics versus those treated at community-based clinics, largely driven by the increased cost of chemotherapy and provider visits in hospital-based clinics. If the site of cancer care delivery continues to shift toward hospital-based clinics, the increased health care spending for payers and patients should be better elucidated and addressed.
Acute Weight Loss Restores Dysregulated Circulating MicroRNAs in Individuals Who Are Obese
Authors: Manning Patrick , Munasinghe Pujika Emani , Bellae Papannarao Jayanthi , Gray Andrew R , Sutherland Wayne , Katare Rajesh
Published: October 2018

Context

Obesity is a global epidemic and an independent risk factor for several diseases. miRNAs are gaining interest as early molecular regulators of various pathological processes.

Objective

To examine the miRNA signatures in women who are obese and determine the response of miRNAs to acute weight loss.

Methods

Plasma samples were collected from women who are obese (n = 80) before and after acute weight loss (mean, 7.2%). Plasma samples from age-matched lean volunteers (n = 80) were used as controls. Total RNA was extracted from the plasma samples and subjected to NanoString analysis of 822 miRNAs. The expression level of candidate miRNAs was validated in all participants using quantitative real-time PCR analysis.

Results

NanoString analysis identified substantial dysregulation of 21 miRNAs in women who are obese that were associated with impaired glucose tolerance, senescence, cardiac hypertrophy, angiogenesis, inflammation, and cell death. Acute weight loss reversed the expression pattern of 18 of these miRNAs toward those seen in the lean control group. Furthermore, real-time PCR validation of all the samples for 13 miRNAs with at least twofold upregulation or downregulation confirmed substantial dysregulation of all the chosen miRNAs in women who are obese at baseline. After acute weight loss, the levels of seven miRNAs in women who are obese and who are lean were comparable, with no statistically significant evidence for differences between the two groups.

Conclusions

Our study has provided evidence that the circulating miRNAs associated with various disorders are dysregulated in women who are obese. We also found that seven of these miRNAs showed levels comparable to those in lean controls after acute weight loss in women who are obese.
Outside the Box: Unconventional Monetary Policy in the Great Recession and Beyond
Authors: Kuttner Kenneth N.
Published: November 2018

In November 2008, the Federal Reserve faced a deteriorating economy and a financial crisis. The federal funds rate had already been reduced to virtually zero. Thus, the Federal Reserve turned to unconventional monetary policies. Through “quantitative easing,” the Fed announced plans to buy mortgage-backed securities and debt issued by government-sponsored enterprises. Subsequent purchases would eventually lead to a five-fold expansion in the Fed’s balance sheet, from $900 billion to $4.5 trillion, and leave the Fed holding over 20 percent of all mortgage-backed securities and marketable Treasury debt. In addition, Fed policy statements in December 2008 began to include explicit references to the likely path of the federal funds interest rate, a policy that came to be known as “forward guidance.” The Fed ceased its direct asset purchases in late 2014. Starting in October 2017, it has allowed the balance sheet to shrink gradually as existing assets mature. From December 2015 through June 2018, the Fed has raised the federal funds interest rate seven times. Thus, the time is ripe to step back and ask whether the Fed’s unconventional policies had the intended expansionary effects—and by extension, whether the Fed should use them in the future.
Restoring Congress’s role in the modern administrative State
Authors: Walker Christopher J.
Published: October 2018

Restaurando a função do Congresso no Estado administrativo moderno In Congress’s Constitution, Josh Chafetz provides a timely and compelling historical account of the powers Congress possesses to compete with the other branches of government in our separation-of-powers framework. This Review makes two main observations. Particularly in light of the rise of the regulatory state, Part I explains how the toolbox of congressional powers Chafetz assembles can play a critical role in overseeing and influencing federal agency regulatory activities. Part II then offers a word of caution concerning Congress’s use of this toolbox without also passing laws. To restore Congress’s proper role in the modern administrative state, it is not enough for members of Congress to effectively oversee regulatory lawmaking. Congress must regularly legislate — to reauthorize and modernize the statutes that govern federal agencies, to respond to regulatory activity with which Congress disagrees, and to preserve the separation of powers between legislation and regulation. Na obra Congress’s Constitution, Josh Chafetz apresenta um relato histórico oportuno e convincente dos poderes que o Congresso possui para competir com os outros ramos do governo em nosso cenário de separação de poderes. Esta revisão faz duas observações fundamentais. Particularmente à luz da ascensão do estado regulador, a parte I explica como a caixa de ferramentas dos poderes do Congresso sugerida por Chafetz pode desempenhar um papel crítico na supervisão e influência das atividades reguladoras das agências federais. A parte II oferece uma palavra de cautela sobre o uso que o Congresso faz dessa caixa de ferramentas sem aprovar leis. Para restaurar o papel apropriado do Congresso no estado administrativo moderno, não é suficiente que os membros do Congresso supervisionem efetivamente o processo legislativo regulador. O Congresso deve legislar regularmente — reautorizar e modernizar os estatutos que governam as agências federais, responder à atividade regulatória com a qual o Congresso discorda e preservar a separação de poderes entre a legislação e a regulamentação.
A administração pública na Constituição de 1988. Trinta anos depois: disputas, derrotas e conquistas
Authors: Baptista Patrícia , Accioly João Pedro
Published: October 2018

Public administration’s ruling in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution. Thirty years by now: disputes, defeats and achievements Passados 30 anos de vigência do capítulo dedicado à disciplina da administração pública na Constituição de 1988, o artigo passa em revista sua trajetória. Investiga a origem histórica do capítulo, o contexto de sua aplicação e alguns dos principais processos de disputa que o marcaram. Discorre sobre êxitos e fracassos em sua efetivação, a partir de uma perspectiva realista e, ao mesmo tempo, critica o discurso retórico-normativista da Constituição, até aqui predominante na academia e nos tribunais. Thirty years after the promulgation of the 1988 Constitution, the article examines the trajectory of the constitutional chapter dedicated to rule the Public Administration. It investigates the chapter’s historic origin, the contexts in which it is applied and some of the main dispute episodes concerning its application. At last, the article discusses the achievements and failures in its enforcement, from a realistic perspective and, at the same time, critical to the normative-rhetorical speech about the Constitution, which has hitherto prevailed in the academy and in the courts.
Do concurso público para ingresso na atividade notarial e de registro
Authors: Ferraz Junior Tercio Sampaio
Published: October 2018

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Registro civil e mudança de sexo por transexuais
Authors: Aurélio Ministro Marco
Published: October 2018

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Molecular and in-silico analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism targeting human TP53 gene exon 5-8 in Sudanese esophageal cancer patients
Authors: Elfaki Rihab M. , Abdelaziz Mohammed S. , Altayb Hisham N. , Munsoor Munsoor M. , Gameel Ahmed A.
Published: November 2018

Background: The protein product of the normal TP53 gene performs an essential function in cell cycle control and tumor suppression, and the mutation of a TP53 gene is an essential step in the development of many cancers. Despite the reported association of TP53 gene mutations with many human cancers, the comprehensive computational analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and their functional impacts, still remains rare.

Methods: In this study DNA were extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples followed by the conventional polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. Computational analysis was performed using different algorithms to screen for deleterious SNPs.

Results: The results demonstrate that there are synonymous SNPs (sSNPs) and non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in the TP53 gene that may be deleterious to p53 structure and function. Additionally, TP53 gene mutations were found in 40% of samples. Six out of ten of TP53 gene mutations occurred in exon 5, two mutation in exon 6 and other two were present in exon 8. Only one SNP in position E298Q was predicted to have a neutral effect and other SNPs were predicted to be disease related according to Mutation Taster software. A total of 37.2% of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) samples were found to be mutated, 87.5% of them exist in exon 5, 12.5% in exon 6 and 6.3% in exon 8, whereas adenocarcinoma (AC) achieved a higher rate of mutation (57.1%) with 100% exon 5 involvement.

Conclusions: Mutation of TP53 exon 5 in esophageal cancer patients were the most frequent. Genomic results have identified a higher TP53 mutation rate in esophageal AC in contrast to SCC.
Managing hundreds of improvement teams
Authors: Massoud M Rashad , Kimble Leighann E. , Boguslavsky Victor , Boucar Maina , Hermida Jorge , Jacobs Donna , Karamagi Esther , Livesley Nigel , Rahimzai Mirwais
Published: October 2018

Recognizing the notable scale of USAID Applying Science to Strengthen and Improve Systems (ASSIST) Project activities and sizable number of improvement teams, which in some cases is close to 1,000 improvement teams managed in one country at a point in time, we sought to answer the questions: How do we manage hundreds of improvement teams in one country alone? How do we manage more than 4,000 improvement teams globally? The leaders of our improvement programs manage such efforts as though they are second-nature, without pointing to the specific skills and strategies needed to manage thousands of teams. This paper was developed to capture the lessons, considerations, and insights shared in discussions with leaders on the USAID ASSIST Project, including country Chiefs of Party and Regional Directors. More specifically, this paper seeks to describe what is involved in scaling up and managing large numbers of improvement teams. Through focus group discussions and individual interviews, participants discussed the key skills, strategies, and lessons needed to successfully manage large numbers of teams on the USAID ASSIST Project. We concluded that the six key components in managing large numbers of teams are 1) leadership; 2) management structures and capacities; 3) clear and open communication; 4) shared learning, collaboration, and support; 5) ownership, engagement, and empowerment; and 6) partnerships. We further analyzed these six components as being interrelated to one another based on the relationship between culture, strategy, and technique in implementing quality improvement activities.
Evaluation of broad-spectrum antiviral compounds against chikungunya infection using a phenotypic screening strategy
Authors: Bonotto Rafaela M. , Souza-Almeida Glaucia , Badra Soraya Jabur , Figueiredo Luiz Tadeu , Moraes Carolina B. , Freitas-Junior Lucio H.
Published: October 2018

Chikungunya fever is an emerging disease and a significant public health problem in tropical countries. Recently reported outbreaks in Brazil in 2015 drew attention to the need to develop prevention and treatment options, as no antiviral chemotherapy or vaccines are currently available for this disease. Two strategies have been proved to accelerate the discovery of new anti-infectives: phenotypic screening and drug repurposing. Phenotypic screening can support the fast interrogation of compounds without the need for a pre-validated drug target, which is not available for the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and has the additional advantage of facilitating the discovery of antiviral with novel mechanism of action. Drug repurposing can save time and resources in drug development by enabling secondary uses for drugs that are already approved for human treatment, thus precluding the need for several of the mandatory preclinical and clinical studies necessary for drug approval. A phenotypic screening assay was developed by infecting the human hepatoma Huh-7 cells with CHIKV 181/25 and quantifying infection through indirect immunofluorescence. The compound 6-azauridine was used as a positive control drug. The screening assay was validated by testing a commercial library of 1,280 compounds, including FDA-approved drugs, and used to screen a panel of broad-spectrum antiviral compounds for anti-CHIKV activity.  A high content assay was set up in Huh-7 cells-infected with CHIKV. The maximum rate of infection peaked at 48 hours post-infection, after which the host cell number was greatly reduced due to a strong cytopathic effect. Assay robustness was confirmed with Z’-factor values >0.8 and high correlation coefficient between independent runs, demonstrating that the assay is reliable, consistent and reproducible. Among tested compounds, sofosbuvir, an anti-hepatitis C virus drug, exhibited good selectivity against CHIKV with an EC50of 11 µM, suggesting it is a promising candidate for repurposing.
Task Interdependence and Firm Performance in Outsourced Service Operations
Authors: Ramasubbu Narayan , Shang Jennifer , May Jerrold H. , Tjader Youxu , Vargas Luis
Published: November 2018

We conceptualize task interdependence between firms in outsourced service operations as an endogenous design choice made by the outsourcing firm. Then, utilizing relative firm efficiency and Tobin’s q as performance metrics, we examine the impacts of the task interdependence choices of outsourcing firms on their performances. We examine data, collected from a variety of sources, on 184 service alliances across nine industries. We find that task interdependence in outsourced service operations increases with the knowledge dependence of outsourcing firms on their vendor firms and with other contract-related factors, such as alliance duration, transaction complexity, and repeat relationships. Results indicate that outsourcing firms face challenges in choosing the appropriate levels of task interdependence in their outsourced service operations, and that excessive levels of task interdependence in outsourced service operations negatively affect the performances of outsourcing firms, both in terms of relative firm efficiency and long-term market value measures. Based on these results, we infer that firms need to invest in modularity-enhancing service architectures that reduce task interdependences with vendors before outsourcing large-scale, knowledge-intense service operations. The study contributes to the understanding of factors that influence the performances of outsourcing firms, and provides guidelines for organizing outsourced service operations.
Representações sociais de imigração e imigrantes em jornais britânico, francês e alemão no ano 2012
Authors: Batista Roberta Rangel , Bonomo Mariana
Published: October 2018

A imigração na Europa tornou-se um fenômeno relevante em função do grande contingente de pessoas que chega ao território todos os dias. No entanto, a relação dos imigrantes com a sociedade local pauta-se em categorias pré-existentes que concebem o outro como ameaçador e não civilizado. Tendo como referência o aporte teórico-conceitual da Teoria das Representações Sociais, o presente estudo objetivou conhecer e analisar as representações sociais de imigração e imigrante em jornais britânico, francês e alemão no ano de 2012. Para tanto, foram coletadas 127 reportagens de jornais de referência no continente, que foram tratadas pela Classificação Hierárquica Descendente do software Alceste. Os resultados demonstraram que as representações sociais de imigração e imigrante para os jornais em análise vinculam-se a themas e categorias consideradas inferiores no pensamento social. O imigrante é representado como indesejado, dinâmica que pode provocar rejeição ao diferente e manter o grupo na condição de não familiaridade.
Entre embaraços, performances e resistências: a construção da queixa de violência doméstica de mulheres em uma delegacia
Authors: Santos Ana Pereira dos , Romagnoli Roberta Carvalho
Published: October 2018

O artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a construção da queixa de violência doméstica de mulheres em uma delegacia de polícia da cidade de Viçosa (MG). Pretendeu-se compreender como é construída a queixa de violência doméstica de mulheres levando em consideração as diferentes variáveis que incidem no momento da denúncia e para as pessoas nelas envolvidas. Os dados para estudo foram colhidos a partir de uma etnografia realizada durante o período de seis meses e que constituiu em uma pesquisa de mestrado. Compôs o conjunto de métodos a pesquisa participante, entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres acompanhadas durante suas queixas e com os policiais, registros em diário de campo e análise de documentos produzidos pela instituição. Os resultados demonstram que, mesmo após a lei Maria da Penha, o atendimento às mulheres e a compreensão da violência de gênero por parte dos policiais permanece sendo circunstanciado a partir de valores patriarcais e normativas de gênero que privilegiam a dominação masculina.
Fatores de risco e proteção vivenciados por mães encarceradas ao longo da vida
Authors: Ormeno Gabriela Reyes , Santini Paolla Magioni , Williams Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
Published: October 2018

Este estudo objetivou descrever o perfil de mães encarceradas, identificando-se os fatores de risco e proteção, vivenciados ao longo de suas vidas, através de entrevista semiestruturada em cadeias e penitenciárias do Estado de São Paulo com 152 mães encarceradas. Tal amostra apresentou um perfil de uma mãe jovem, solteira, com três filhos, afrodescendente, de baixa renda e escolaridade, e tendo cometido o crime de tráfico de drogas. Foram identificados os seguintes fatores de risco: a) na infância: exposição à violência conjugal entre os pais; maus-tratos, sendo a punição corporal a modalidade mais frequente; e a prisão de um familiar; b) na vida adulta: violência pelo parceiro íntimo; familiares encarcerados; uso abusivo de álcool, tabaco e drogas; e tentativas de suicídio. Apenas um fator de proteção na infância foi relatado: um cuidador que as valorizaram positivamente, fazendo com que se sentissem especiais.
Habilidades linguísticas: a relação entre a consciência fonológica e a escrita
Authors: Santos Acácia Aparecida Angeli dos , Ferraz Adriana Satico , Lima Thatiana Helena de , Cunha Neide De Brito , Suehiro Adriana Cristina Boulhoça , Oliveira Katya Luciane de , Anache Alexandra Ayach , Silva Iolete Ribeiro da
Published: October 2018

O presente estudo objetivou, principalmente, investigar a associação entre a consciência fonológica e a escrita em escolares do ensino fundamental e, adicionalmente, comparar os níveis de consciência fonológica entre os anos escolares, o sexo e regiões de proveniência dos alunos. Participaram 317 crianças, com idades entre sete e 12 anos, matriculadas no 3º, 4º e 5º anos de escolas em diferentes regiões do Brasil, que responderam ao Roteiro de Avaliação da Consciência Fonológica (RACF) e à Escala de Avaliação da Escrita (EAVE). Os dados mostraram a existência de correlação positiva e significativa entre ambas, assim como revelaram a existência de diferenças, tanto entre os anos escolares como entre as regiões. Os resultados são congruentes com os de outros estudos na área e apontam para a importância de que novas investigações sobre o tema sejam realizadas, visando à consolidação do conhecimento sobre o papel das habilidades linguísticas.
O processamento silábico em crianças e sua relação com o processamento fonológico
Authors: Justi Francis Ricardo dos Reis , Justi Cláudia Nascimento Guaraldo
Published: October 2018

O presente estudo investigou o efeito de priming silábico e da estrutura silábica na leitura. Participaram dessa pesquisa 88 crianças falantes do português brasileiro que cursavam do 1º ao 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Utilizou-se uma tarefa de decisão lexical e observou-se um efeito de priming silábico no tempo de reação e um efeito da estrutura silábica na porcentagem de erros. A memória de trabalho fonológica correlacionou-se com o efeito da estrutura silábica, mas a consciência fonológica não. Nenhuma dessas variáveis se correlacionou com o efeito de priming silábico. Discutiu-se o papel do processamento fonológico no processamento da leitura.
A psicopatologia psicanalítica das perversões na atualidade: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Santos Camilla Ferreira dos , Campos Érico Bruno Viana
Published: October 2018

O conceito de perversão sempre esteve impregnado pela concepção da psiquiatria clássica de um desvio moral e sexual, e seu estatuto costuma ser mal compreendido na própria psicanálise. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo a discussão das perversões no âmbito da psicopatologia psicanalítica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa teórico-conceitual, baseada na revisão bibliográfica sistemática da literatura nacional feita através de um levantamento no portal da Biblioteca Virtual de Psicologia (BVS-PSI) dos artigos de 10 anos (2003 – 2013) com os descritores psicanálise, perversão e psicopatologia. Chegou-se a um total de vinte e oito artigos, os quais foram resumidos e categorizados, e levados para a sistematização, a interpretação e discussão. Os resultados mostram que na caracterização psicopatológica a literatura PSI tende a privilegiar os modelos pós-freudianos da perspectiva lacaniana e da perspectiva das relações de objeto. Conclui-se que a literatura atual não tem avançado em novas propostas de constructos teóricos acerca das perversões, demonstrando que o modelo da formação do objeto-fetiche freudiano ainda predomina como parâmetro para o seu entendimento, e que as discussões psicodinâmicas e estruturais têm diminuído em detrimento de uma abordagem ampliada de crítica sociológica e histórica sobre a perversão como produto de uma ordem médico-jurídica própria da modernidade.
A demanda de reparação - a vítima como figura emblemática na contemporaneidade
Authors: Vorsatz Ingrid , Silva Marcos Eichler de Almeida
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo pretende discutir a noção de vítima enquanto figura emblemática do laço social que sobrevém na modernidade, de modo a pôr em causa a tessitura que ampara a constituição da legitimidade culturalmente atribuída desse lugar, bem como analisar as consequências discursivas e subjetivas então decorrentes. Partindo-se desta discussão conceitual, pretende-se ainda investigar a contribuição própria ao discurso psicanalítico na escuta dos casos de suspeita de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes, sobretudo em sua vertente intrafamiliar, problematizando, deste modo, a questão da vitimização e suas implicações no endereçamento ao campo da Assistência Social.
Notas sobre a visita de Carl Rogers ao Brasil: uma revolução silenciosa
Authors: Feitosa Ellen Araújo Lima , Branco Paulo Coelho Castelo , Vieira Emanuel Meireles
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo, objetivamos analisar a vinda de Carl Rogers ao Brasil com base em três momentos: antes, durante e depois de sua primeira visita, em 1977. Inicialmente, identificamos a ideia rogeriana de política como central ao seu pensamento. Depois, analisamos: as correspondências que antecederam e organizaram tal vinda; a proposta de intervenção psicológica-ideológica que Rogers expressou em uma entrevista à Revista Veja; os efeitos dessa visita, segundo os relatos de Rogers publicados, posteriormente, em suas obras. As ideias democráticas de Rogers serviram de justificativa para a sua vinda em plena Ditadura Militar. Contudo, elas foram assimiladas com ressalvas por alguns psicólogos brasileiros, conforme aportes críticos norteados, sobretudo, pelos ideais marxistas e freirianos. Desse movimento, emergiram outras perspectivas de ACP e algumas influências no desenvolvimento da Psicologia Comunitária. Concluímos que Rogers inspirou diversas Psicologias locais imersas em uma série de conjeturas críticas sobre o lugar de ideias políticas, passiveis de serem cooptadas e reconfiguradas, acriticamente, a partir de uma ótica capitalista voltada para a redemocratização do Brasil.
EXPEDIENTE - v17n2
Authors: Soares Adriana Benevides , Tsallis Alexandra Cleopatre , Mendes Deise Maria Leal Fernandes , Valentim Renata Patrícia Forain de , Barros Rita Maria Manso de
Published: October 2018

EXPEDIENTE - v17n2
Considerações Sobre Queixas Relacionadas ao Trabalho em Pacientes de uma Clínica-Escola
Authors: Schlindwein Vanderléia De Lurdes Dal Castel , Silva Alex Lustosa , Bueno Dimitri Henriques Daldegan , Morais Paulo Rogério
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar as queixas relacionadas ao trabalho de pacientes que realizaram acolhimento no Serviço de Psicologia Aplicada/SPA de uma universidade federal da região Amazônica, entre os anos de 2011 e 2014, de modo a identificar aqueles que apresentam queixas de sofrimento relacionados ao trabalho. O estudo caracteriza-se como do tipo quantitativo, transversal, com análise documental, e nele foram analisadas, a partir dos prontuários, as variáveis sexo, idade, renda, profissão e queixa inicial. Observou-se que dos 672 usuários acima de 18 anos, 503 (74,5%) eram do sexo feminino e 172 (25,5%) eram do sexo masculino, destes 94 (13,9%) apresentaram queixas envolvendo o trabalho e 581 (86,1%) relataram outras queixas. No grupo com queixas relacionadas ao trabalho, as mulheres apresentaram maior prevalência nos atendimentos, entretanto são os homens que discorrem mais sintomas físico-psicológicos. Diante do exposto, a proposta de uma Clínica do Trabalho no Serviço de Clínica-escola, é necessária e deve incluir uma linha de cuidados/escuta evidenciando a relação do sujeito com seu trabalho, já que nem sempre o sofrimento psíquico relacionado ao trabalho produz sintomas claros e podem ser reduzidos somente à dimensão dos aspectos subjetivos de cada paciente.
Políticas Públicas em Saúde do Trabalhador: campo prático e de disputa simbólica
Authors: Silveira Andréa Luiza da , Merlo Álvaro Roberto Crespo
Published: October 2018

Objetivamos analisar a Política Nacional de Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora, considerando-se as interfaces com a Política Nacional de Segurança e Saúde do Trabalhador e com o Plano Nacional de Segurança e Saúde do Trabalhador. A partir da organização das políticas em corpus de análise, discriminamos seus conceitos norteadores e encontramos contradições entre eles que podem caracterizar uma disputa simbólica, no âmbito da prática profissional, e que a política tem a missão de iluminar. Deste modo, a PNSTT de 2012 desvela-se em três dimensões: biopolítica, campo de disputa simbólica e campo prático. Situar as suas contradições, inicialmente, pode ser importante para viabilizá-la mediante as possibilidades que ela comporta e no contexto social em disputa onde ela se situa. Entendemos, no entanto, que as pesquisas nos serviços de saúde deverão contribuir para compreender, ainda mais, as dimensões que localizamos.
Leis em (com) nomes de vítimas: a ampliação do Estado polícia e a produção de subjetividades na contemporaneidade
Authors: Sousa Analicia Martins de
Published: October 2018

Nos últimos anos, um conjunto de acontecimentos veiculados pela mídia nacional vem conferindo certo destaque à figura das vítimas. Um dos resultados disso, no país, tem sido a elaboração e aprovação de leis federais em prol das vítimas e, ainda, outras designadas com o nome destas. Diante disso, objetivou-se investigar o nexo entre eventos com vítimas que tiveram extensa repercussão na mídia e a elaboração de leis que as homenageiam no Brasil. Para tanto, foram examinadas, a partir da abordagem teórico-metodológica de Michel Foucault, as justificativas de propostas de leis que tramitam na Câmara Federal dos Deputados e de outras já promulgadas que receberam o nome de vítimas. Constatou-se que a valorização e a projeção destas últimas no contexto nacional tornaram-se formas de ampliação dos alcances do Estado polícia, traduzidas por vezes no recrudescimento da legislação penal. Aliado a isso, contribuem para a produção de subjetividades que se percebem como vítimas, identificando-se com as que são homenageadas por leis e, assim, clamam pela proteção estatal.
O lazer e o uso de substâncias entre adolescentes: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Almeida Diego Eugênio Roquette Godoy , Micheli Denise De , Andrade Andre Luiz Monezi
Published: October 2018

Com base em uma diversidade de definições, existe um consenso sobre o lazer enquanto um fenômeno extraordinário à vida cotidiana. Existem divergências em análises do lazer a partir de perspectivas do tempo, atividade e atitude, correlacionando-o muitas vezes com comportamentos de risco. Objetivamos verificar de forma sistemática se os componentes atitudinais relacionados à experiência do lazer de adolescentes e jovens estão relacionados à redução do uso de substâncias psicoativas. O  Método utilizado  foi  a  Revisão Integrativa a partir de consulta às principais bases de dados em saúde, seguida de apresentação dos artigos de acordo com o método PRISMA. Os critérios de revisão e inclusão foram apresentados pela estrutura PICOS. Nos resultados foram recuperados 555 artigos, porém somente 09 artigos preencheram os critérios para análise sistemática dos dados. A conclusão dos estudos sugerem associação da motivação intrínseca e tédio como fatores de risco no lazer para o abuso de substâncias.
Abordagens ao ensino: implicações no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos
Authors: Paiva Maria Olímpia Almeida de , Lourenço Abílio Afonso
Published: October 2018

Na perspetiva da investigação SAL (Student Approaches to Learning) a abordagem ao ensino dos professores (transmissiva e compreensiva) influencia a abordagem à aprendizagem dos alunos. O objetivo deste texto é estimular os professores a refletirem sobre as suas práticas docentes e sobre a maneira como fomentam o sucesso educativo dos seus alunos no nível exigido. A partir da reflexão metacognitiva, os docentes poderão constatar a existência de diversos fatores que poderão ser reforçados e outros esquecidos, de modo a melhorar a qualidade da aprendizagem dos alunos. É, também, referida a importância de conhecer as conceções dos alunos acerca da forma como aprendem, com o objetivo de desenvolver contextos de ensino e aprendizagem que os alunos vivenciem como motores de abordagens à aprendizagem profundas. Isto implica necessariamente a opção por uma abordagem ao ensino centrada no aluno. Espera-se que este texto reflexivo possa contribuir para uma melhor compreensão das abordagens ao ensino, a fim de promover nos alunos comportamentos mais ajustados para a mestria escolar. São referidas algumas implicações educativas, assim como possíveis investigações futuras.
Consultores ad-hoc
Authors: Soares Adriana Benevides
Published: October 2018

Segue abaixo a lista de Consultores ad-hoc.Do número total, 81,4% são consultores externos.
Ventricular arrhythmias in small animals
Authors: Larouche-Lebel Éva , Oyama Mark
Published: October 2018

Ventricular arrhythmias frequently encountered in small animal practice can range from benign to life-threatening. Their timely recognition and accurate diagnosis are fundamental to proper management. Severe ventricular arrhythmias can result in decreased cardiac output and clinical signs such as intolerance to activity, or syncope. Ventricular arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation are a cause of sudden death. Diagnosis is made by electrocardiography, and is usually characterised by wide and bizarre QRS complexes. Ventricular arrhythmias can be secondary to cardiac or extracardiac causes. Breeds such as Boxers and Doberman Pinschers are at high risk to develop ventricular arrhythmias and subsequent sudden death if they are affected by underlying cardiomyopathy. Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias is based on patient signalment; the presence or absence of clinical signs; and the complexity, rate, frequency and number of ventricular arrhythmias. Various intravenous or oral antiarrhythmic therapies are available to the practitioner. Antiarrhythmic medications act on various ion channels or receptors, and alter the myocardial action potential. Electrical defibrillation and cardioversion can also be used for certain life-threatening ventricular rhythms. Patient monitoring, including monitoring of treatment efficacy, is often performed using serial electrocardiograms or 24-hour ambulatory ECG (Holter) monitoring.
Living trapped in-between spaces: Literary works of displaced Argentine women writers in Spain
Authors: Bort Caballero María Luz
Published: October 2018

The dictatorships of South America motivated many writers to go overseas in the 1970s. Repression, persecution and the disappearance of intellectuals in Argentina created a need to look towards displacement and exile as alternatives to survive and escape from the atrocities committed by the regime that took power following the 1976 military coup. Some women writers found refuge in this new literary space: a place that allowed them to face the dilemma of ‘living in-between’ and at the same time to locate a part of the historical memory of Argentina. This article focuses on the works of Clara Obligado, Ana Becciu, Reina Roffé, Juana Bignozzi and Noni Benegas: transatlantic writers who fled to and installed themselves in Spain during this time of transition. This article studies the ‘writing of the double place’, the narrative of absence and memory of a place of origin. It also analyses the representation of Spain as a host site in their works and as a means of finding their voices, reflecting and conversing with their double existential situation of being ‘in-between’ spaces.