bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness creation and impact assessment of meat retailers during Covid-19 lockdown in Sherpur District
Authors: AA Noman  , MA Hossain  , KMM Rahman  , M Khan  , MAK Azad  , MA Hashem
Published: April 2022

The research was conducted to create awareness and evaluate the impact of Covid-19 lockdown on meat retailer’s income in Sherpur District. A total number of 50 meat retailers (beef, chevon, broiler, mutton and chicken) were surveyed through a structured questionnaire for collecting necessary data and latent variables. Collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and regression model. Awareness were created by displaying a poster in front of meat retailer’s shop and distribution of Covid-19 kit which contains soap, sanitizer, face mask, hair net and hand gloves. Practical demonstration was given how to wear the kit materials. Meat retailers were very happy to wear from hypothetical observations. Results showed that average age, education and family size of meat retailers were 41.86 years, 5.96, and 6.16, respectively. The price of beef before, during and after lockdown was BDT 523.52, 477.64 and 542.00, respectively. Simarlry, the price of broiler meat and sonali chicken meat before, during and after lockdown was BDT 129.68, 95.59, 137.65; 182.50, 167.50, and 217.50, respectively. During Covid-19 situation the income of meat retailers became much lower as compared to any other critical conditions. About 100% meat retailers faced various problems towards buying and selling of animals, lack of consumers, and lack of demand for meat. The prices of all kinds of meat namely beef, chevon, and chicken meat became drastically lower during pandemic. About 84% meat retailers used face mask, 60% maintained physical distance and 2% people tested for corona virus. During lockdown 98% meat retailers did not get any financial support from government, NGOs or any other private organizations. They did not get any kind of help to create awareness from the government or local authority. Despite facing all these problems, 98% meat retailers would like to continue their meat business. Meat retailers demanded subsidy to maintain their livelihood during lockdown. In conclusion, awareness was created through poster and supplied Covid-19 kit among meat retailers and they need government incentive during lockdown to maintain their livelihood since income of meat retailers was negatively and significantly decreased.
La sobreprotección por el TJUE de los padres cuidadores que fueron excluidos del complemento de maternidad.
Authors: Rivas Vallejo Pilar
Published: April 2022

La doctrina emanada de la sentencia dictada en el asunto C-450/18 supone la invalidez de acciones positivas dirigidas a un solo sexo si comparativamente el otro sexo podría encontrarse en la misma situación, y, por tanto, resulta contraria al principio de no discriminación por razón de sexo establecida en el art. 4.1 de la Directiva 79/7/CEE.

The doctrine emanating from the sentence handed down in Case C-450/18 implies the invalidity of positive actions addressed to a single sex if the other sex could be comparatively in the same situation, and therefore is contrary to the principle of non-discrimination by reason of sex set out in article 4.1 of Directive 79/7/EEC.
Contratación de los hijos del trabajador autónomo menores de 30 años y prestación por desempleo: un derecho subordinado a la ausencia de convivencia.
Authors: García Romero Belén
Published: April 2022

La sentencia comentada analiza el problema del derecho a la cobertura por desempleo de los hijos de los trabajadores autónomos que prestan servicios para su padre en virtud de un contrato de trabajo, celebrado al amparo de la disposición adicional 10ª de la Ley 20/2007, de 11 de julio, por la que se aprueba el Estatuto del Trabajador Autónomo (LETA).

The Supreme Court analyzes in the current decision the right to unemployment coverage of the children of self-employed workers who provide services for their father under an employment contract, concluded under the additional provision 10 of Law 20 / 2007, of July 11, which approves the Statute of the Autonomous Worker (LETA).
Geolocalización de trabajadores asalariados y tutela de sus derechos fundamentales: un análisis desde el Derecho comparado español y francés.
Authors: Areta Martinez María
Published: April 2022

Antes de instalar un sistema GPS en los vehículos de la empresa como medida de vigilancia y control, el empresario debe informar sobre su instalación y finalidad tanto a los trabajadores afectados como a los representantes de los trabajadores, si los hubiere. El empresario también debe informar a los trabajadores sobre sus derechos de acceso, rectificación y oposición. El empresario no puede instalar un sistema de GPS que esté activado de manera permanente las 24 horas del día, todos los días del año. El empresario no puede geolocalizar a los trabajadores fuera del tiempo de trabajo. Todo ello en orden a garantizar la protección de los derechos fundamentales del trabajador y, en particular, en el caso ahora enjuiciado, de los derechos a la intimidad personal y a la libertad sindical.

L'employeur qui souhaite mettre en place un système de géolocalisation dans les véhicules utilisés par les salariés durant leur temps de travail doit informer préalablement chaque salarié concerné et les représentants du personnel, lorsqu'il en existe. L'employeur doit les informer de l'installation du dispositif, de ses caractéristiques et de sa finalité. L'employeur doit également informer chaque salarié concerné de ses droits d'accès, de rectification et d'opposition. L'employeur ne peut pas installer un dispositif de géolocalisation dans un véhicule mis à la disposition d'un employé pour le contrôler en permanence. Autrement dit, il faut désactiver la transmission de l'information en dehors du temps de travail. Il s'agit de respecter l'intimité de la vie privée des salariés.
Environment of Peace: Security in a New Era of Risk
Authors: Black Richard , Busby Joshua , Dabelko Geoffrey D. , de Coning Cedric , Maalim Hafsa , McAllister Claire , Ndiloseh Melvis , Smith Dan , Alvarado Cóbar José Francisco , Barnhoorn Anniek , Bell Noah , Bell-Moran Daniel , Broek Emilie , Eberlein Alexis , Eklöw Karolina , Faller Jakob , Gadnert Andrea , Hegazi Farah , Kim Kyungmee , Krampe Florian , Michel David , Pattison Corey , Ray Caleb , Remling Elise , Salas Alfaro Evelyn , Smith Elizabeth , Staudenmann Jürg A.
Published: April 2022

The environmental crisis is increasing risks to security and peace worldwide, notably in countries that are already fragile. Indicators of insecurity such as the number of conflicts, the number of hungry people and military expenditure are rising; so are indicators of environmental decline, in climate change, biodiversity, pollution and other areas. In combination, the security and environmental crises are creating compound, cascading, emergent, systemic and existential risks. Without profound changes of approach by institutions of authority, risks will inevitably proliferate quickly. Environment of Peace surveys the evolving risk landscape and documents a number of developments that indicate a pathway to solutions––in international law and policy, in peacekeeping operations and among non-governmental organizations. It finds that two principal avenues need to be developed: (a) combining peace-building and environmental restoration, and (b) effectively addressing the underlying environmental issues. It also analyses the potential of existing and emerging pro-environment measures for exacerbating risks to peace and security. The findings demonstrate that only just and peaceful transitions to more sustainable practices can be effective––and show that these transitions also need to be rapid.
Entrepreneurship : Entrepreneurial Decision Making Factors During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ismail Marasabessy Andi
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the factors that cause a person to make entrepreneurial decisions during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method in this study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The object of research in this study is the SME entrepreneurs in Batu Merah village. The results showed that covid-19 provided opportunities for people around Batu Merah village to carry out entrepreneurial activities. Although overall Covid-19 affects all sectors of life for the people of Ambon City. Another result found was that the presence of Indomaret and Alfamidi was a factor in the emergence of new MSMEs around the Batu Merah village of Ambon City. Many people take advantage of the presence of Indomaret and Alfamidi to start a business by utilizing the space in front of Indomaret and Alfamidi
ROLE OF DEFENSE DIPLOMACY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDONESIAN DEFENSE INDUSTRY
Authors: Riyadi Fajar Agus , Dewi Istin Marlena
Published: April 2022

Indonesia's defense policy in the form of a Minimum Essential Force (MEF) can produce a policy on the development of Indonesia's defense posture until 2024. To date, efforts to meet the needs of Defense and Security Equipment Tools (Alpalhankam) are still trying to fulfill MEF needs until now one hundred percent. The fulfillment of the need for Defense and Security continues through procurement from foreign and local defense industries. The establishment of the KKIP in 2010 and the issuance of Law Number 12 of 2012 have legitimized the government's support in efforts to develop the national defense industry. With the government's policy related to the defense industry, it will encourage the ability of the local defense industry to realize independence which carries out by defense diplomacy. The problem to be investigated is the government's role of defense diplomacy to support the development of the Indonesian defense industry. The research was carried out with a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through snowball sampling and literature study. The study results show that defense diplomacy carried out by the current government, especially the Minister of Defense Prabowo Subianto, can encourage defense cooperation that can support the development of the Indonesian defense industry while still prioritizing the principle of being accessible active, and non-alliance. Furthermore, the defense diplomacy strategy needs to be developed more broadly by offering a broader and more profitable defense industry cooperation schemeKeywords: defense diplomacy, transfer of knowledge, defense industry
Stakeholders Perception of Public Sector Performance Audit
Authors: E Ewa Uket
Published: April 2022

This study focused on evaluating public sector audit quality on public expenditure management in Nigeria. Qualitative and quantitative research was applied and data analysed using SPSS and NVivo 10. The F-statistics of 37.611, 27.644 and 27.218 explains the variations as adequate and significant at p <0.000. The R ratios of 0.621, 0.562 and 0.559 indicate significant influence of the audit quality on agencies’ expenditure management. The R-Square values of 0.385, 0.315 and 0.312 public expenditure management is influenced by audit quality. The study found significant relationship between audit qualities, agencies expenditure management, external influences on auditors that impair their independence and highlighted the absence of Audit Commission thus recommended the amendment of the Audit Act to promote yearly mandatory rendition of performance audit that addresses economy, efficiency and effectiveness (3Es) and standardized performance audit guidelines for presenting the audit reports that should be made available curtail non-audit service contracts from Agencies.
Hippotherapy as a way of improving motor performance in juveniles with infantile cerebral palsy
Authors: Kozioł Sławomir , Wróbel Piotr
Published: April 2022

Animals have accompanied man for thousands of years and their role in human life has seriously evolved. Man had power over domesticated animals and decided about their fate, they were used as a means of transport and helped humans with the farming. There is a group of animals, known as companion animals, which are ranked high in human life. Nowadays, animals are more frequently utilized in different animal-assisted therapies. Hippotherapy as a therapeutic intervention exerts serious influence on those participating in its sessions, and it affects all interpenetrating spheres of human life. Therapeutic effects of horse-riding were already known in 400 B.C. Hippocrates claimed that horse-riding exerted positive effect on treating certain health conditions.

Equine therapists, over the years, have noticed significant benefits to their clients resulting not only from the nature of a horse but also from its unique ambulation. One can say that a horse during a therapeutic session becomes a precise stimulator of movement.

Thanks to a similar way of ambulation in man and in a horse, during a horse riding session the rider’s pelvis, trunk and the shoulder girdle are made to move according to the physiological pattern of human ambulation, so a person with motor disorders has a chance to learn proper human gait pattern without walking.
Disruptions in Iranian Beauty Retail through Digital Transformation
Authors: Malekpour Mehrgan
Published: April 2022

Given the pace of changing technology in retailing, researchers are pursuing a systematic knowledge of the nature of evolving technology in retailing, as well as examining the impacts of new technology in this business. Nowadays, traditional retail establishments encounter enormous challenges from online retailers, and intelligent and immersive retail technology is a valuable tool for creating a unique in-store experience. As a result, the focus of this study will be on customers' views toward new technologies, as well as the customer's preferred purchasing channels for beauty products and the impact of these technologies on customer behavior. Hence, this research can provide new insights on consumers' preference for online or offline retail formats in the Iranian beauty business, allowing for the creation of a precise image of future retail practices in store-based retailing or e-retailing in Iran. In addition, the goal of this paper is to gain a deep understanding of how beauty customers feel about the importance of new technology in offline settings.
Qualitative data from 18 in-depth consumer interviews reveal several drivers for purchasing from online platforms among participants, including discount price, convenience, trust, interaction or getting information by reviewing other customer's comments, etc., as well as several barriers (the lack of the opportunity to test products, lack of communication with retail staff for getting information, lack of confidence) to consumers' acceptance of purchasing online. The use of digitization in physical stores as a means of empowering them is highlighted by the juxtaposition of these characteristics as hurdles or drivers. The findings have a number of managerial ramifications.
The Land Reform Program: An Insight into the Factors Influencing Policy Implementation in Zimbabwe and South Africa
Authors: Dube Nobukhosi Mitchel , Yuqiong Xiang
Published: April 2022

Land is a part of a nations’ heritage and definition of culture. As such governments have taken-action to re-distribute land to the local natives who may have been displaced in the struggle for independence and left without land to call their own. In Zimbabwe and South Africa land redistribution has been done in a bid to close the inequality gap and promote economic activity through agriculture . The Policy adopted to promote this activity was the Land Reform Program and was implemented in Zimbabwe and South Africa. The interest groups identified were the government whose motive was to bridge the inequality gaps , the white farmers who sought to retain land ownership , the liberation war veterans who sought compensation for their contribution towards freedom and finally the peasant native farmers and masses who sought land that they could call their own. The differences in the factors influencing land reform were identified as the pressure from various beneficiaries in both countries .The study has given an insight on the significant factors that pushed for the implementation of the land reform program by applying the interest group theory and comparing the differences thereof.
A magyar reneszánsz művészet jellemzése
Authors: Prokopp Mária
Published: April 2022

A tanulmány azt mutatja be, hogy az az elképzelés, miszerint a nyugat-európai kulturális-művészeti áramlatok csupán késve és annak hatására jelentek meg hazánkban, a művészettörténeti tudományos irodalomban ma is él! A tanulmány ezzel szemben rámutat, hogy a hazai emlékeink töredékes állaga is igazolja az európai stílusáramlatok kortárs, vagyis egyidejű jelenlétét hazánkban! Így a reneszánsz művészet a Magyar Királyságban Itáliával egy időben, a 15. század közepén, egyéni vonásokkal ékesen, magas színvonalon virágzott.
Beatrix királyné alakja építészettörténeti szemmel
Authors: Vukov Konstantin
Published: April 2022

Építészettörténeti szemmel tekintjük Mátyás király hitvesének, Beatrix életpályájának azon elemeit, amelyek példákat adhattak a magyar reneszánsz építkezésekhez. Beatrix Nápolyból indult Budára, s az útvonalat követve sorra vettük a nápolyi Castel Nuovo díszkapuját, a paloták reneszánsz ablaktípusát, Alberti építészeti kisugárzását, a nápolyi majolika padlók és a budaiak hasonlóságát. A ferrarai Castello Estense kis teraszkertje lehetett az egyik inspiráció a budai Cisterna Regia feletti függőkerthez. Még az esztergomi „menedék” tartózkodását is megvizsgáltuk. Az építőművészeti elemzés mellett Beatrix női személyiségének belefonódását sem hanyagoltuk el.
Szófia-látomások (I. rész)
Authors: Cselényi István Gábor
Published: April 2022

A jó keresztények az Ószövetségből általában csak a nagy, jelentős könyveket idézik (Mózes öt könyve, Királyok könyvei, Krónikák, Zsoltárok, Próféták könyvei ez nem egy bibliai könyv, hanem több könyvnek a gyűjtőneve, ezért nem írjuk nagybetűvel, ugyanúgy, mint a „bölcsességi”-t), legtöbbször átsiklanak a bölcsességi könyvek fölött, amelyek közül Jób könyve, a Példabeszédek könyve és a Prédikátor könyve a zsidó és protestáns kánonnak, az ún. Tanaknak, 1 a héberül írt kánonnak is részei. Rajtuk kívül pedig Jézus, Sirák fia könyve és a Bölcsesség könyve az ún. Septuagintában, a görögül írt Ószövetségben (az ún. hetvenes fordításban) jelennek meg, amelyeket a katolikus és ortodox egyház kánoninak ismer el, az előbb említetteket pedig ún. deuterokanonikusaknak (másodlagosan kánoninak), sőt akár apokrif könyveknek nevezik. Nos, ezekben a könyvekben feltűnik egy titokzatos fogalom, sőt személy: a bölcsesség, amelyet/akit a Tanak Hokmának, a Septuaginta pedig Szophiának nevez. Utóbbira a meghonosuló gyakorlat szerint is Szófia alakban hivatkozunk a továbbiakban.
A Brief Presentation of the Knowledge Paths for Semiotics (KPS) Project: Creating Digital Research Tools
Authors: Sarakatsianou Dimitra
Published: April 2022

This paper provides an outline for a proposed project entitled ‘Knowledge Paths for Semiotics (KPS): Creating Digital Research Tools.’ The object of the paper is to show how a printed dictionary can be transformed into modular digital research tools. Although it is an ad hoc proposal on an analytical dictionary of semiotics it can be used as a model for creating related works. In general, it can be said that the proposed tools assist in the retrieval of information (linguistic and semantic), the acquisition of knowledge, and the extraction of new knowledge. In this context, three categories of tools are proposed: (i) terminology tools, (ii) learning tools, and (iii) tools for the discovery of new knowledge. In the conclusion of this paper, special emphasis is placed on the impact that will result from the implementation of this KPS project.
A Longitudinal Study of Saudi EFL Teacher Perspectives on Classroom Management Strategies
Authors: Alamri Hayat Rasheed
Published: April 2022

Using a rating scale, this study investigated Saudi English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ perspectives on the importance and implementation of classroom management strategies (CMSs) during three phases: T1, T2, and T3. Results differed significantly regarding the importance of positive CMSs for primary (T1 and T3) and secondary schools (T2). Additionally, results were significant for negative CMSs in favor of primary schools (T3). Results differed significantly regarding implementing positive CMSs for secondary (T1) and primary schools (T3). Last, results were significant for negative CMSs favoring primary (T1) and secondary schools (T3). EFL teachers’ perspectives remain critical and researchable.
The Influence of Workshop on Health Professions Students Perceptions for the Implementation of Interprofessional Education (IPE) and Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) in Clinical Practice
Authors: Elizawarda Elizawarda , Hastuti Yulina Dwi , Desfauza Evi
Published: April 2022

The most important step in changing the development of health professional education is by arranging health education, so the students are able to get education and learning experience according to the demands of professional competence. Key to quality health care at an efficient cost is by increasing effective collaboration between health workers by introducing collaboration practices early on through the education process. The form of learning are Interprofessional Education (IPE) and Interprofessional Collaborative (IPC) learning with each professions so that it can develop collaboration between two or more health professions for optimal patient service. This study aims to find out how students perceive IPE and IPC in clinical practices at the Medan Ministry of Health Polytechnic

This quasi-experimental design study used design one group before and after intervention design approach, which carried out in the Medan Health Polytehcnic. The student population of third-level Medan Ministry of Health Polytechnic of Health at Midwifery, Nursing, Dental Nursing, Pharmacy and Midwifery Health Analysts amounted to 511 people, taking the sample number socially as of 94 people, the sample size was determined based on the inclusion criteria and random sampling. Data analysis was carried out in univariate and bivariate ways by using the T test.

The results showed that there was a significant effect of the workshop on students’ perceptions of the IPE and IPC approaches in Clinical Practices were assessed from 4 aspects before and after the Team work workshop; Teamwork and collaboration p = 0.004, relationships with other professional workers p = 0,000, Professional Identity p = 0,000, Roles and Responsibilities p = 0.016

Workshop influences students’ perceptions of the implementation of IPE and IPC of IPE and IPC in clinical practices in the Medan Ministry of Health Polytechnic, it is expected that the Director of Medan Poltekkes facilitates clinical practices through the IPE and IPC approaches
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 1
Authors: Wong Carol
Published: April 2022

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2022.
Influence of Refining and Conching Systems on Rheological and Sensory Properties of Chocolate
Authors: Silveira Paulo Túlio de Souza , Pedroso Arali Cunha Aguiar , Muniz Caetano Pedroso , Cristianini Marcelo , Efraim Priscilla
Published: April 2022

There are different refining systems on the market and knowing the differences between these systems can help choose equipment according to the needs of each chocolate manufacturer. This work aimed to evaluate different technologies for the chocolate refining stage and evaluate the impacts on the physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of the chocolates produced. We evaluated the following refining systems: System 1: Double refining; System 2: Refining in ball mill; System 3: Refining in ball mill and BLC conching; System 4: Refining and conching in refining conche; System 5: Refining and conching in stone mill – melanger; System 6: Simple refining. All of these refining systems were evaluated for pH, total titratable acidity, moisture, maximum particle size, particle size distribution, rheology, and sensory characteristics. The refining and conching system resulted in considerable changes in the evaluation of features such as total titratable acidity, moisture, maximum particle size, particle size distribution, and rheological properties. In the sensory evaluation, attributes such as aroma, hardness, melting, and color did not show significant differences. On the other hand, we observed significant differences in attributes such as overall impression, flavor, grittiness, and acidity. It was possible to conclude that the combination of refining systems with homogenizing conche can be favorable for obtaining chocolates due to greater fluidity and better results in sensory evaluation.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Sustainable Agriculture Research, Vol. 11, No. 2
Authors: Lee Joan
Published: April 2022

Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.

Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: sar@ccsenet.org

Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 2

Aaron Norris, Texas Tech University, USA

Bed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, Nepal

Darwin Pangaribuan, Lampung University, Indonesia

Jiban Shrestha, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Nepal

Katarzyna Panasiewicz, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

Luciano Chi, Sugar Industry Research and Development Institute, Belize

Manuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal

Nehemie Tchinda Donfagsiteli, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Cameroon

Patrice Ngatsi Zemko, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon

Ram Niwas, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, India

Roberto José Zoppolo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (Uruguay), Uruguay

Tenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia

Waqar Majeed, University of Agriculture, Pakistan
Critical Linguistics : Demythlogising Society
Authors: Haider Sana
Published: April 2022

Only in the second half of the twentieth century, Linguistics started adopting a
functionalist paradigm. Halliday is a crucial figure of this time. By the 1970s, scholars felt
the need to analyse language not just in terms of its structure, but also the underlying
ideology that each utterance carries. Form here, the ‘critical’ perspective to language
analysis got introduced. A critical study assumes that nothing said is neutral; it is always
said from a particular point of view along with some aims. This claim is in line with
Halliday’s argument that language is socially anchored. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)
got formalized in 1991. Since language is an indispensable part of society and represents as
well as constructs the society, it is only essential that language is critically studied. People
using language should be well aware of the ways it can be (mis)used and its speakers be
mentally influenced. With this aim of creating awareness, that is, demythlogising society,
CDA seeks to read between the lines of a discourse and search for the representative attitudes
and the underlying ideologies.
Building a Research University
Authors: J Heard Peter
Published: April 2022

Building a Research University: A Guide to Establishing Research in New Universities is a guide to university leaders who aim to manage the switch from being a teaching institution to one that is research-led. Drawing on the author’s own experience leading two different universities, the book covers the importance of research in a modern university, and examines the right balance between teaching and research and the strategies to go through phases of growth and development.
The application of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal endoscopy: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Zhang Chenxia , Wu Lianlian
Published: April 2022

Endoscopy is an important tool for detecting and diagnosing digestive diseases. However, the performance of endoscopists varies, which significantly impacts the health outcomes of patients. In recent years, with the continuous development of science and technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has also set off a new wave. Nowadays, AI has been widely studied in the medical field and has shown great potential, especially in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The application of AI in endoscopy mainly includes the detection of lesions, classification of diseases, selection of best therapy, prognosis judgment, quality control, etc. What's more, the effectiveness and safety of the application of AI in gastrointestinal endoscopy have been confirmed in clinical trials. In this paper, we review the current research status and future development of AI in gastrointestinal endoscopy.
An artificial intelligence-based system assisted endoscopists to detect early gastric cancer: a case report
Authors: Lin Jiejun , Tao Xiao , Pan Jie
Published: April 2022

Background: The mucosal changes of early gastric cancers (EGC) are slight and difficult to be recognized, leading to a high miss rate. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to improve the detection rate of EGC. Here, we reported a case of EGC discovered by an endoscopist with the assistance of an AI system.
 
Case presentation: A 67-year-old male patient came to our hospital for Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) due to a routine physical examination. He had previously been healthy but was treated for a Helicobacter pylori infection two years ago. In the process of EGD, the AI system flagged a tiny mucosal lesion that was far away and was not detected by the endoscopist, and this lesion attracted the endoscopist's additional attention. After the close observation of the lesion, the AI system immediately gave a red prompt box, suggesting that the endoscopist further observe it. Under magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI), the mucosal glands and blood vessels of the lesion were found to be irregular, and this patient was diagnosed with suspicious gastric carcinoma by AI. Biopsy pathology showed that it was high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and after endoscopic mucosal dissection (ESD), post-ESD histology confirmed that the lesion was a highly differentiated adenocarcinoma confined to the mucosa, with a lesion range of 1.1 cm × 1.0 cm. The patient was discharged from the hospital without any postoperative complications.
 
Conclusion: AI has been widely applied in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy and has the potential to help improve the detection rate of early gastrointestinal cancers. We reported a case of early gastric cancer discovered by the endoscopist with the assistance of AI.
Pelatihan Mendesain Storyboard untuk Produksi Iklan Visual pada Yayasan Rumah Gemilang Indonesia, Depok
Authors: Gora Radita , Maryam Siti , Christianti Maria Febiana
Published: April 2022

form of advertisements is a new demand for the younger generation, especially students who are assisted by the multimedia major at Rumah Gemilang Indonesia, to have skills that are up to standard for the work needs of the content provider entertainment industry. The basic skills that need to be possessed are creating and compiling concepts in the draft content design in the form of storyboards used in the pre-production of advertising content in the form of visual designs. This Community Service prepares the need for expertise in making storyboard images in a standardized format. The students are able to take part in the training and can create visual works that are drawn manually using paper and pencil. This training activity received enthusiasm from the participants who participated in service activities as a complement to skill learning in advertising media production lessons because they had never been obtained before from learning in the target places. In addition, it can also be implemented by students to make visual products made in class.
Metoda Diskusi Sebagai Upaya Melambungkan Kesadaran Masyarakat Terhadap Urgensi Kesehatan Jiwa
Authors: Kusumawaty Ira , Podojoyo  , Yunike  , Eprila  , Cahyati Peni , Hartono Dudi
Published: April 2022

People's mental health problems often do not get adequate attention so that they have an impact on the deterioration of the quality of life. It is necessary to increase public awareness of the importance of mental health, but the steps to equalize public perception are still very limited. This service activity aims to equalize understanding of the urgency of maintaining mental health through the application of discussion methods. The discussion, which was attended by 23 participants, covered the stages of preparation, implementation and evaluation. The preparation stage has involved various parties, from the neighborhood level to the sub-district level, community leaders, religious leaders and community groups. At the implementation stage, the discussion begins with brainstorming, explanations about mental health and the preparation of the organizational structure of the mental health post. The residents seemed enthusiastic, accompanied by the support of policy makers and the coordination of related parties. At the evaluation stage, participants' understanding of the importance of mental health increased and commitments and work programs were agreed upon to support the establishment of mental health posts. This activity has implications for improving the mental health condition of the community through community empowerment by solving community mental health problems collectively.
Penguatan Moral di Kalangan Remaja di Desa Tarai Bangun Kampar
Authors: Rosidi Imron , Khotimah Khotimah
Published: April 2022

This article discusses about the empowerment of moral enforcement among Muslim youth in Desa Tarab Mulia Tarai Bangun Kampar. This empowerment employs preaching and question-answer methods. It focuses on the empowerment which is located in al-Muhajirin Mosque. This empowerment succeeds in giving moral understandings and empowerment among Muslim youth in Desa Tarab Mulia. It demonstrates on how Muslim youth is being attached to the mosque as the center of moral empowerment in Indonesia.
Pengaruh Kejelasan Sasaran Anggaran dan Sistem Pelaporan terhadap Akuntabilitas Kinerja dengan Pengendalian Internal sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Sanusi Sanusi , Hayat Atma , Rosari Novika
Published: April 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of the clarity of budget objectives and reporting systems on the performance accountability of government agencies. This study is also to test whether the internal control system mediates the effect of the clarity of government budget objectives and reporting systems. This type of research is associative causality. This research was conducted using a survey method by distributing questionnaires to the compilers of performance accountability reports of government agencies in Kotabaru. The population of this study was all SKPD in the Kotabaru Regency Government, totaling 30 SKPD consisting of 82 sample respondents. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistical analysis and Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis. The analysis is assisted by the Smart PLS 3.0 program. The results of this study indicate that the clarity of budget targets and internal control affect the performance accountability of government agencies while the reporting system has no effect on performance accountability. Clarity of budget targets, and reporting systems affect internal control. Internal control as an interverning variable can affect the clarity of budget objectives and the accountability reporting system for the performance of the Kotabaru local government agencies.
Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Manajemen Laba
Authors: Setiani Fieska Putri , MAD Ngurah Pandji
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of institutional ownership, managerial ownership, size of the board of commissioners, the proportion of independent commissioners and audit committees on the earnings management of companies included in the JII (Jakarta Islamic Index) 2017-2020. The sample method used in this research is purposive sampling method, namely the sampling method based on certain criteria. The sample that meets the criteria in this study is 44 company data included in the JII (Jakarta Islamic Index) 2017-2020. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis which is preceded by the classical assumption test consisting of normality test, multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test and heteroscedasticity test. While the hypothesis testing is done by using the F test and t test. The results of data analysis or regression results show that partially institutional and managerial ownership has a significant effect on earnings management. The value of the coefficient of determination is 26.2%.
Pengaruh Self Expressive Brand Terhadap Brand Accaptance Melalui Word Of Mouth
Authors: Sismy Muliani Marwah , Nasution Aulia Arief , Syafii Indra
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of self-expressive brand on brand acceptance through word of mouth. In the people of Medan City who buy H&M products directly or indirectly. The approach used in this study is a causal approach. The population in this study were all the people of Medan City who bought H&M products. The sample in this study used quota sampling totaling 100 people in Medan City who bought H&M products. Data collection techniques in this study used documentation, observation, and questionnaire techniques. The data analysis technique in this study used a quantitative approach using statistical analysis using the Auter Model Analysis test, Inner Model Analysis, and Hypothesis Testing. Data processing in this study using the PLS (Partial Least Square) software program. The results of this study prove that directly self-expressive brands and word of mouth affect brand acceptance, self-expressive brands affect word of mouth, the results of this study indirectly state that self-expressive brands affect brand acceptance through word of mouth.
Pengaruh Kualitas Audit, Debt Ratio, Ukuran Perusahaan, Audit Lag Terhadap Opini Audit Going Concern
Authors: Nadzif Nauval , Agung Durya Ngurah Pandji Mertha
Published: April 2022

The study aims to determine the effect of audit quality, debt ratio, firm size, and audit lag on going-concern audit opinion. The population in this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2020. The sample selection uses the purposive sampling method and obtained 492 samples. The sources of data used are secondary data. Debt ratio and audit lag significantly affects audit opinion based on logistic regression analyses using the SPSS 24.0 program. Meanwhile, audit quality and firm size do not affect going concern audit opinion.
Elective surgery during COVID-19 pandemic – patient’s perspective
Authors: Bogacki Paweł , Gach Tomasz , Szura Mirosław
Published: April 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has drastically altered the way surgical units function. Many changes have been introduced to diminish the risk of viral transmission among patients and healthcare professionals. Much have been said about the burden of those changes on hospital employees in their daily struggle, but little has been published on the patient’s perspective.

  Aim: The aim of this study is to determine patient’s perception of undergoing elective surgical procedure during COVID pandemic.

  Materials and methods: We surveyed 285 consecutive patients that were admitted for elective surgery to the General Surgery Department of St John Grande’s Hospital in Krakow after the national COVID lock-down had been lifted. The survey focused on how patients see this situation and how it determined their health-related behaviors.

  Results: A total of 285 consecutive patients admitted to the Surgical Department for elective surgery between July 1st and August 1st were asked to fill out a survey on admission. As many as 252 fully filled out surveys were gathered. Thirty-three surveys were excluded from the study due to their incompletion. As many as 40% of the patients had their surgical plans altered in some way due to the pandemic. No fear or slight fear of the virus was declared by 88.8% of the patients. However, 54% feel less safe in the hospital than before the pandemic. Median evaluation of preparation of the hospital was 9 out of 10, average score being 8.72. The majority of the patients have no opinion on whether they should be tested for coronavirus before admission. Almost no one (3.2%) is willing to pay for a commercial test prior to admission, but the majority (76.6%) is willing to self-quarantine before surgery if needed. Detailed results of the survey are described in the manuscript.

 Conclusions: The pandemic does not seem to have greatly influenced patients’ health-related behaviors. The general attitude towards the pandemic by patients is rather calm. Most of them feel less safe in the hospital than before the pandemic, but the level of fear is low. Very few resigned from surgery solely because of the pandemic.
Evaluating and predicting net energy value of wheat and wheat bran for broiler chickens
Authors: Ning Ran , Cheng Zichen , Liu Xingbo , Ban Zhibin , Guo Yuming , Nie Wei
Published: April 2022

Objective: It is crucial to accurately determine the net energy (NE) values of feed ingredients because the NE system is expected to be applied to the formulation of broilers feed. The NE values of 5 wheat and 5 wheat brans were determined in 12-to 14-day old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers with substitution method and indirect calorimetry method.Methods: A total of 12 diets, including 2 reference diets (REF) and 10 test diets (5 wheat diets and 5 wheat bran diets) containing 30% of test ingredients, were randomly fed to 864 male AA birds with 6 replicates of 12 birds per treatment. These birds were used to determine metabolizable energy (ME) (8 birds per replicate) in the chicken house and NE (4 birds per replicate) in the chamber respectively at the same time. After a 4-d dietary and environment adaptation period, growth performance, energy values, energy balance and energy utilization were measured during the following 3 d. Multiple linear regression analyses were further performed to generate prediction equations for NE values based on the chemical components and ME values. The NE prediction equation were also validated on another wheat diet and another wheat bran diet with high correlation (r = 0.98, r = 0.75).Results: The NE values of 5 wheat and 5 wheat bran samples are 9.34, 10.02, 10.27, 11.33, and 10.49 MJ/kg, and 5.37, 5.17, 4.87, 5.06, and 4.88 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The equation with the best fit were NE = 1.968AME–0.411×ADF–14.227 (for wheat) and NE = –0.382×CF–0.362×CP–0.244×ADF+20.870 (for wheat bran).Conclusion: The mean NE values of wheat and wheat bran are 10.29 and 5.07 MJ/kg DM in AA broilers. The NE values of ingredients could be predicted by their chemical composition and energy value with good fitness.
Recommended levels of calcium and non-phytate phosphorus for yellow-feathered broilers (finisher phase)
Authors: Wang Yibing , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Sheng , Jiang shouqun
Published: April 2022

Objective: This study examined the effects of dietary calcium (Ca) and non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) on performance, tibial characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical variables in yellow-feathered broilers during 85 to 105 d of age.Methods: A total of 720 heads of 85-d broilers were allocated into 9 groups and provided with three levels of Ca (0.65%, 0.75%, 0.85%), and NPP (0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%) in diets for 21 d.Results: The final body weight (FW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed to gain ratio (F:G) were affected (p<0.05) by dietary Ca. From the quadratic regressions, the optimal level of Ca in diet were 0.71% for FW and ADG, and 0.67% for ADFI. Dietary Ca and NPP both significantly affected tibial breaking strength and density. From the quadratic regressions, the optimal level of Ca and NPP in diet were 0.81% and 0.37% for tibial density. The shear force of breast muscle of broilers given 0.75% or 0.85% Ca were lower than that in birds with 0.65% Ca and drip loss of birds given 0.65% or 0.75% Ca was lower than that in birds with 0.85% Ca (p<0.05). The drip loss of birds given 0.25% NPP was lowest among all NPP treatments (p<0.05). Calcium affected (p<0.05) the plasmal contents of phosphorus, osteocalcin (OC), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin and the contents of OC and PTH were also influenced by dietary NPP.Conclusion: Dietary Ca and NPP level affected tibial characteristics, meat quality and biochemical variables in plasma of finisher-phase yellow-feathered broilers (85 to 105 d) and Ca also affected growth performance. Dietary 0.71% Ca and 0.30% NPP were enough for growth performance, while considering the growth performance, tibial characteristics, meat quality and biochemical variables together, 0.75% Ca and 0.37% NPP were recommended.
Impact of different shades of light-emitting diode on fecal microbiota and gut health in broiler chickens
Authors: Ianni Andrea , Bennato Francesca , Di Gianvittorio Veronica , Di Domenico Marco , Martino Camillo , Colapietro Martina , Cammà Cesare , Martino Giuseppe
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the fecal microbiota of broiler chickens reared in the presence of different shades of light-emitting diode (LED) lights, correlating this information with biochemical and molecular evidence that allowed drawing conclusions on the state of health of the animals.Methods: Overall, the metagenomic approach on fecal samples was associated with evaluations on enzymes involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress: glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase and catalase; while the inflammatory aspect was studied through the dosage of a proinflammatory cytokine, the interleukin 6 (IL-6), and the evaluation of the matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9). Specifically, analysis was performed on distinct groups of chickens respectively raised in the presence of neutral (K = 3,300 to 3,700), cool (K = 5,500 to 6,000), and warm (K = 3,000 to 2,500) LED lightings, and a direct comparison was performed with animals reared with traditional neon lights.Results: The metagenomic analysis highlighted the presence of two most abundant bacterial phyla, the Firmicutes and the Bacteroidetes, with the latter characterized by a greater relative abundance (p<0.05) in the group of animals reared with Neutral LED light. The analysis on the enzymes involved in the antioxidant response showed an effect of the LED light, regardless of the applied shade, of reducing the expression of GPX (p<0.01), although this parameter is not correlated to an effective reduction in the tissue amount of the enzyme. Regarding the inflammatory state, no differences associated with IL-6 and MMP-9 were found; however, is noteworthy the significant reduction of MMP-2 activity in tissue samples obtained from animals subjected to illumination with neutral LED light.Conclusion: This evidence, combined with the metagenomic findings, supports a potential positive effect of neutral LED lighting on animal welfare, although these considerations must be reflected in more targeted biochemical evaluations.