bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“It’s Gone from More of Convenience to Necessity at This Point” Exploring Online Dating Use in the UK during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Dean Marshall Nikki , Partridge Benjamin John , Mason Jade , Purba Chanda , Sian Amanda , Tanner Jessica , Martin Rosie
Published: October 2023

There were reported increases in negative emotions such as boredom and loneliness during lockdown; simultaneously, there was a notable increase in new users and activity on online dating platforms (ODPs). While motivations for using ODPs vary widely, there is limited understanding for users’ motivations to engage with ODPs in a time when restrictions were in place. To explore users’ motivations and the impact COVID-19 had on their online dating experiences during the pandemic semi-structured interviews (N = 12) were conducted in the UK during December 2020–July 2021. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Motivations for using ODPs during the pandemic included addressing negative emotions such as loneliness, but, crucially, they became a necessity for meeting new people and making romantic and non-romantic connections in a time of social isolation. Lockdowns had negative effects on creating and sustaining online connections; however, where online connections were made, lockdowns restricted contact through social distancing and tier systems, limiting the ability to progress a relationship by moving it offline. Online interactions provided a relationship building foundation; however, there was ultimately a need to move the interaction offline in order for the relationship to develop. Findings related to motivations fit with prior literature; however, there was a shift in priorities, with importance being placed on online spaces to meet social needs that were limited due to the pandemic. ODPs were important for society, they provided a space for connection and socialising, which was vital in helping people navigate the solitude of lockdown.
Examining the Factors Influencing Agricultural Surface Source Pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Zone from the Perspectives of Government, Enterprise, and Agriculture
Authors: Ma Jun , Huang Ke
Published: October 2023

In this study, for the period between 2006 and 2021, we used the spatial Durbin model and dynamic Generalized Method of Moments to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics and contributory factors of agricultural surface source pollution in 11 provinces and cities within China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt from the perspectives of governments, enterprises, and farmers. In addition, we also investigated the threshold characteristics of the distortion of the factor market for agricultural surface source pollution under different levels of environmental regulation. Our results revealed a positive spatial correlation between agricultural surface pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt which was significant at the 1% level. Furthermore, we established that government environmental regulation, input factor market distortion, and labor transfer have significant effects on agricultural surface pollution, among which factor market distortion has a significant spatial spillover effect in this economic zone, and environmental regulation has a significant single-threshold effect, with a threshold value of 0.1405. Based on these findings, we propose practical steps for the mitigation of agricultural surface pollution from the perspectives of governments, enterprises, and farmers which could be adopted to support countryside revitalization.
Evolution, Challenges, and Opportunities of Transportation Methods in the Last-Mile Delivery Process
Authors: Zhu Xiaonan , Cai Lanhui , Lai Po-Lin , Wang Xueqin , Ma Fei
Published: October 2023

The rapid development of modern logistics and e-commerce highlights the importance of exploring various modes of transportation in the last-mile delivery (LMD) process. However, no comprehensive studies exist in the literature exploring all modes of LMD transportation, the changes in these transportation modes, and the commonalities between them. In this study, we address this gap by conducting a systematic review of 150 academic journal articles utilizing a combination of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) content analysis and text mining analysis. Nine primary transportation methods (parcel lockers, autonomous drones, trucks, bicycles, crowd logistics, electric vehicles, tricycles, autonomous robots, and autonomous vehicles) are identified in this research. Additionally, we provide an analysis of the historical changes in these transportation modes in LMD. Using a bottom-up induction method, we identify the three major clusters of scholarly focus in the LMD literature: emphasis on value co-creation between consumers and logistics providers, practical delivery performance (path optimization or algorithms), and environmental friendliness. Further, we analyze the main themes under each cluster, leading to the identification of opportunities, challenges, and future research agendas. Our findings have implications for scholars, policymakers, and other stakeholders involved in LMD transportation modes.
Main Results from the ISSI International Team “Characterization of 67P Cometary Activity”
Authors: Longobardo Andrea , Kim Minjae , Pestoni Boris , Ciarniello Mauro , Rinaldi Giovanna , Ivanovski Stavro , Dirri Fabrizio , Fulle Marco , Della Corte Vincenzo , Rotundi Alessandra , Rubin Martin
Published: October 2023

The ESA/Rosetta mission accompanied the Jupiter Family Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and provided a huge amount of data which are providing important results about cometary activity mechanisms. We summarize the results obtained within the ISSI International Team Characterization of 67P cometary activity, which studied dust and gas ejection in different stages of the comet’s orbit, by means of a data fusion between instruments onboard the Rosetta orbiter, i.e., the OSIRIS camera, the VIRTIS imaging spectrometer, the GIADA dust detector, the MIDAS atomic force microscope, the COSIMA dust mass spectrometer, and the ROSINA gas mass spectrometer, supported by numerical models and experimental work. The team reconstructed the motion of the dust particles ejected from the comet surface, finding a correlation between dust ejection and solar illumination as well as larger occurrence of fluffy (pristine) particles in less processed and more pebble-rich terrains. Dust activity is larger in ice-rich terrains, indicating that water sublimation is the dominant activity process during the perihelion phase. The comparison of dust fluxes of different particle size suggests a link between dust morphology and ejection speed, generation of micrometric dust from fragmentation of millimetric dust, and homogeneity of physical properties of compact dust particles across the 67P surface. The comparison of fluxes of refractory and ice particles suggests the occurrence of a small amount of ice in fluffy particles, which is released when they are fragmented. A new model of cometary activity has been finally developed, according to which the comet nucleus includes Water-Ice-Enriched Blocks (WEBs), that, when exposed by CO2 activity, are the main sources of water sublimation and dust ejection.
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Platform for the Development of a Broadly Protective Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Based on the Minor Capsid Protein L2
Authors: Tamburini Silvia , Zhang Yueru , Gagliardi Assunta , Di Lascio Gabriele , Caproni Elena , Benedet Mattia , Tomasi Michele , Corbellari Riccardo , Zanella Ilaria , Croia Lorenzo , Grandi Guido , Müller Martin , Grandi Alberto
Published: October 2023

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a large family of viruses with a capsid composed of the L1 and L2 proteins, which bind to receptors of the basal epithelial cells and promote virus entry. The majority of sexually active people become exposed to HPV and the virus is the most common cause of cervical cancer. Vaccines are available based on the L1 protein, which self-assembles and forms virus-like particles (VLPs) when expressed in yeast and insect cells. Although very effective, these vaccines are HPV type-restricted and their costs limit broad vaccination campaigns. Recently, vaccine candidates based on the conserved L2 epitope from serotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 6, 51, and 59 were shown to elicit broadly neutralizing anti-HPV antibodies. In this study, we tested whether E. coli outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) could be successfully decorated with L2 polytopes and whether the engineered OMVs could induce neutralizing antibodies. OMVs represent an attractive vaccine platform owing to their intrinsic adjuvanticity and their low production costs. We show that strings of L2 epitopes could be efficiently expressed on the surface of the OMVs and a polypeptide composed of the L2 epitopes from serotypes 18, 33, 35, and 59 provided a broad cross-protective activity against a large panel of HPV serotypes as determined using pseudovirus neutralization assay. Considering the simplicity of the OMV production process, our work provides a highly effective and inexpensive solution to produce universal anti-HPV vaccines.
Autonomy in remote working Scrum Development Teams’ productivity post-COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand
Authors:   , Aballe Gina
Published: October 2023

The software development industry experienced both advantages and disadvantages of remote working, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in terms of Scrum Development Team collaboration and productivity. While remote work is not a new phenomenon in this industry, extensive research has explored its impact on both workers and organisations, shedding light on various aspects of the remote working experience. However, majority of these research were conducted primarily during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions were imposed, resulting in limited access to schools, non-essential workplaces, and recreational activities. Workers found themselves confined to their homes, navigating the delicate balance between personal and organisational responsibilities, relying on autonomy as a benefit of remote working to manage their daily routines effectively. Analysing the outcomes of these research was intriguing as it explored the unique circumstances of workers shifting to remote working with the uncertainties brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, there has been no specific research conducted to investigate the impact of remote working on the software development organisations in New Zealand, particularly focusing on the adoption of the Scrum Framework and the productivity of Scrum Development Teams post the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand. Employing Snowball Sampling and Purposive Sampling techniques, the study ensured a targeted and representative respondent sample. The collected qualitative and quantitative data were subjected to Thematic and Descriptive Analysis methods. Notably, Deductive Reasoning permeated the analysis process, extracting valuable insights and fostering innovative conclusions from the dataset. This encompassing methodological framework facilitated a nuanced grasp of autonomy's impact on the productivity of remote Scrum Development Teams in New Zealand. The research findings demonstrated that while remote work offers advantages like flexibility, autonomy, and access to diverse talents, it also presents challenges concerning team dependency, communication hurdles, and distractions. Despite these challenges, the Scrum Development Teams exhibited resilience and adaptability, maintaining productivity and achieving their objectives. The research underscored the importance of clear expectations, individual goal-setting, and the Scrum Framework in surmounting obstacles and amplifying remote team performance.
“Keyboard warriors”: Writing as a tool for positive change
Authors:   , van Beek Kathryn
Published: October 2023

From children’s literature through to the works of poets, scholars and activists such as bell hooks and Audre Lorde, it is widely acknowledged that writing can help create a better world. In this practitioner thesis, I examine the tools that writers can use to help inspire positive social and environmental change. I am a multi-disciplinary writer whose works include plays, fiction, children’s fiction, nonfiction and creative nonfiction. Through this study, I wanted to learn how I could use my writing skills to contribute to a world in which our environment, animals and people thrive. My research has been undertaken using a reflective, creative-practice-led, autoethnographic framework, influenced by ecofeminism. This thesis reflects upon three of my works (three artefacts)—a children’s book about a rescue cat, a book of short stories about the ways in which humans treat animals, and a web series about miscarriage—and a case study on how I have used the written word to change the law. Following the analysis of the artefacts and case study using reflection on-action, the thesis moves to reflecting for-action and in-action, providing an overview of my works-in-progress and how the lessons learnt during this research inform my creative practice now. I also discuss the texts that were instrumental to the development of my creative practice and examine my personal positioning in relation to the themes and ideas explored in my writing. Although some tools are identified as supporting the facilitation of positive change through writing, there are difficulties in assessing the ways in which writing—particularly fiction writing, with its open-ended possibilities for interpretation—directly leads to positive change. It became clear that the real change must occur not within the reader, but within the writer. Therefore, the tools the writer needs are the tools to change themselves and their creative practice—tools including reflection, the ability to position themselves within a wider professional practice, intentionality, and an understanding of the values that drive them. Recently several other ecofeminist texts—both academic and literary—have emerged, demonstrating that many writers wish to spark or contribute to positive social and environmental change. Future work on the power of writing to help make a better world might focus on the ways in which writing classes could be elevated beyond skills-based study to empower writers to discover their values and learn how to write with intention.
The role of physical activity in reducing blood pressure
Authors: Aissa Ghouini , Houssine Aggoun
Published: October 2023

Although the benefits of sports physical activity and its positive effects on health were not of the present day, many scientific studies and experimental observations whose results confirmed the strength of the relationship between lack of physical activity and health, and this was done by studying the negative effects of physical inactivity, Based on the results of studies conducted on a large number of people, they confirmed the existence of a relationship between physical inactivity and the incidence of many diseases of the age, and indicated the preventive and curative role that physical activity contributes to confronting many chronic diseases.
   The aim of the study was to highlight the lack of sports physical activity as a risk factor in high blood pressure, and therefore we can say that physical activity has an effective role in maintaining the level of blood pressure in the ideal case. It was proven by the results of the field study, and our strong belief in the effective role of physical activity in combating high blood pressure prompted us to do this study, so it is better for it to be so or more than that for university students, as they constitute a pivotal and essential part of society, and we are certain of the importance of this The category in spreading health awareness was part of our research project, through which we highlighted the effectiveness of dynamic physical activity in the primary prevention of high blood pressure and its impact on the health of other organs such as: pulmonary, respiratory, circulatory, muscular..
Spanish agricultural settlement in the eastern Moroccan Rif (1912-1956)
Authors: Benali Mohamed
Published: October 2023

The article deals with an important topic from the history of the foreign occupation of Morocco, the issue of agricultural settlement formed the basis on which the colonial project was based in the region, as the colonizer could not continue to occupy and exploit the wealth of Morocco without settling the land, so the beginnings of colonialism were the confiscation of the lands of the people and their distribution to European settlers, to make the biggest transformation in agricultural structures, the real landowners were no longer so after the entry of the colonizer, and the matter is that the land will not be returned to them after independence, but handed over to new owners, which The greatest transformation in the economic and social history of Morocco, and to understand the subject more, we will study the case of the Kart plain in the eastern Moroccan countryside, as a model for Spanish agricultural settlement, and the manifestations of this still exist today.
Edgar Morin and the importance of Interdisciplinary Studies
Authors: chebbi Noureddine
Published: October 2023

This research aims to identify the importance of interdisciplinarity from the perspective of Edgar Morin, by revealing the risks resulting from the separation of disciplines. The researcher has used the descriptive analytical approach to identify the good results of any scientific discipline, whether in terms of the accuracy of the laws reached or in terms of the ability to control the studied phenomena or the increasing possibility of predicting these phenomena. But the separation of disciplines also has risks, such as oversimplifying, fragmenting, separating complex realities and excluding what is complex. Interdisciplinarity therefore becomes of great importance. Its importance lies in its ability to understand the subjects of study in a holistic manner that takes into account the multidimensionality and the complexity in those topics. This importance is also demonstrated by the opportunities provided by interdisciplinarity for the dialogue of sciences, openness to each other, and the removal of barriers between them, both in the field of scientific research and in the field of education
Education and educational buildings during the Roman period (the region of Numidia a geographical area of study)
Authors: Khadri Mabrouk
Published: October 2023

The study is concerned with the subject of education during the Roman period, where the subject was addressed in general with the information it contained in Roman education, and then the study of the Numidia region in particular from various literary and archaeological aspects, and the focus was on educational facilities, which are the most prominent problems in the subject, where Its existence has been proven in literary sources, which is offset by the absence of evidence to prove it in the archaeological sites of the studied area.
Principal Leadership Ethics as A Role Model in High School
Authors: Siahaan Amiruddin , Aswaruddin Aswaruddin , Maulidayan Maulidayan , Zaki Ahmad , Sari Novita , Rahman Arief Aulia
Published: October 2023

Exemplary leadership is a crucial factor in a leader's success. As a leader, the school principal plays a significant role in setting an example for teachers. However, whether this aspiration has been fulfilled remains an area that requires further research. This study explores the ethical leadership of school principals who serve as role models. The research approach adopted for this scientific article is a literature review involving data collection, reading, and managing research materials from various sources. The study's findings highlight leaders' pivotal role in shaping ethical behaviour and fostering an ethical climate within organizations. The leader's strategic approach to promoting ethical conduct becomes integral to the overall organizational strategy. In this context, the ethical mindset of managers revolves around three core concepts: leading by example through concrete actions, utilizing rewards and discipline, and actively communicating about ethics and values.In conclusion, one of the critical responsibilities of a leader is to cultivate a positive ethical climate within the organization. The ethical climate represents the perception of organizational members, leaders, and subordinates concerning the organization's adherence to ethical principles and the prevailing internal environment. Further research in this area can shed more light on the impact of exemplary leadership on organizational ethics.
Impact of epitaxial strain relaxation on ferromagnetism in a freestanding La2
/
3Sr1
/
3MnO3 membrane
Authors: Atsumi Ryuji , Shiogai Junichi , Yamazaki Takumi , Seki Takeshi , Ueda Kohei , Matsuno Jobu
Published: October 2023

Manganite perovskites host emerging physical properties of strongly-correlated electrons with charge, spin, and lattice degrees of freedom. Using the epitaxial lift-off technique, we report enhancement of saturation magnetization and the ferromagnetic transition temperature of freestanding La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 membrane compared with as-grown film on SrTiO3 substrate involving lateral tensile strain. Structural analysis reveals shrinkage of unit-cell volume by tensile strain relaxation in the freestanding membrane, which causes enhancement of the ferromagnetic interaction. The impact of the microscopic lattice deformation on the ferromagnetism of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 indicates a high potential of this material for flexible electronics applications with intriguing functionalities in strongly-correlated electron systems.
Monarchia, signori e feudi nei regni di Sicilia e Napoli (secoli XIII-XV)
Authors: d'Arcangelo Potito
Published: October 2023

The essay looks into the troubled relationship between sovereign power and feudal power in the Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily after the Vespro. Moving from the analysis of the European and Mediterranean political space in which both reigns were embedded, it brings out the repercussions of the political and military history on the evolution of Southern seigneuries, the role of the papacy, the placement of seigneuries and fiefs within the monarchic state.
ABO and Rh Blood Group Antigens and Natural Anti-A and ANTI-B Antibodies in the Neonates
Authors: Gabaidze Shorena , Nagervadze Marina , Akhvlediani Leila , Nakashidze Nana , Alfilo Alissar , Tsintsadze Irine , Gorgadze Nato , Khukhunaishvili Rusudan , Koridze Marina , Koiava Tea , Dolidze Ketevan , Bakhtadze Tamar
Published: October 2023

ABO blood group is determined by the presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of RBC and of anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the serum. The relatively weak expression of A and B antigens in newborns due to their developing immune systems poses challenges in accurately detecting naturally occurring IgM antibodies against these antigens. This difficulty in immunoserological methods contributes to the potential for errors in determining the blood groups of newborns. Despite this, the Rh antigen expression in newborns remains comparable to that in adults. Nonetheless, various factors contribute to diverse blood typing results in newborns, including the utilization of alternative testing methods. The complexity of blood typing is magnified when using samples from the umbilical vein. Furthermore, compared to adults, the exploration of ABO antigen expression in newborns is limited, and the identification of specific subgroups such as A1 and A2 is even rarer. This underscores the need for standardized testing procedures and further research to enhance our understanding of antigen expression patterns in newborns. Based on the aforementioned details, the primary objective of our study was to delve into specific aspects related to blood group characterization in newborns. This encompassed exploring the expression of A, B, AB, and D antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and detecting anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma of newborns. These analyses were conducted using samples obtained from the heels of 208 newborns and were typed by forward and reverse blood typing methods with monoclonal antibodies and srandart erythrocytes. The distribution of phenotypic groups within the ABO system among the newborns was not uniform. The r allele was identified with the highest frequency in the analyzed samples (0.6), while the prevalence of the p allele significantly lags at 0.3. The q allele has the lowest frequency (0.1). In our study, we propose that for the majority of cases (43.94±3.5%) among the studied newborns, there was an absence of naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B antibodies (n=87). In a specific scenario, within the O(I) blood group nwborns, partial synthesis of these antibodies was detected in 14.14±2.4% (n=28). Meanwhile, 41.92±3.5% of the newborns in our study exhibited natural antibodies similar to those found in adults. We didn’t find any difficulties in typing the Rh blood group antigens in the newborns. In conclusion, our study's findings indicate that newborns, in certain instances, exhibit strongly pronounced natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies within the ABO system. However, in the majority of cases, these antibodies are not evident. Majority of cases erythrocyte A and B antigens were weakly expressed and for detecting these images optic microscopes were used.
Espejos y autorrepresentación en la era de la híper-mediación digital
Authors: Flechoso Fernández Rodrigo
Published: October 2023

Nos proponemos comparar la experiencia del individuo frente al espejo con la mantenida por el usuario con las plataformas virtuales con las que interactúa diariamente (como la web 2.0 o las redes sociales). Ambos dispositivos cumplen un papel intermediario en la imagen que nos devuelven y que tiene un gran peso la construcción identitaria de cada uno. Analizando las características tanto simbólicas como morfológicas que comparten, advertimos hasta qué punto son determinantes para con el carácter del reflejo que emiten, evidenciando la preocupante pérdida de control que el individuo tiene sobre su propia subjetividad.
First Results for Solar Soft X-Ray Irradiance Measurements from the Third-generation Miniature X-Ray Solar Spectrometer
Authors: Woods Thomas N. , Schwab Bennet , Sewell Robert , Telikicherla Kandala Anant Kumar , Mason James Paul , Caspi Amir , Eden Thomas , Chandran Amal , Chamberlin Phillip C. , Jones Andrew R. , Kohnert Richard , Moore Christopher S. , Solomon Stanley C. , Warren Harry
Published: October 2023

Three generations of the Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer (MinXSS) have flown on small satellites with the goal “to explore the energy distribution of soft X-ray (SXR) emissions from the quiescent Sun, active regions, and during solar flares, and to model the impact on Earth’s ionosphere and thermosphere.” The primary science instrument is the Amptek X123 X-ray spectrometer that has improved with each generation of the MinXSS experiment. This third-generation MinXSS-3 has a higher energy resolution and larger effective area than its predecessors and is also known as the Dual-zone Aperture X-ray Solar Spectrometer (DAXSS). It was launched on the INSPIRESat-1 satellite on 2022 February 14, and INSPIRESat-1 has successfully completed its 6 month prime mission. The INSPIRESat-1 is in a dawn–dusk, Sun-synchronous orbit and therefore has had 24 hr coverage of the Sun during most of its mission so far. The rise of Solar Cycle 25 has been observed by DAXSS. This paper introduces the INSPIRESat-1 DAXSS solar SXR observations, and we focus the science results here on a solar occultation experiment and multiple flares on 2022 April 24. One key flare result is that the reduction of elemental abundances appears greatest during the flare impulsive phase, thus highlighting the important role of chromospheric evaporation during flares to inject warmer plasma into the coronal loops. Furthermore, these results are suggestive that the amount of chromospheric evaporation is related to flare temperature and intensity.
High-resolution Observations of the Low Atmospheric Response to Small Coronal Heating Events in an Active Region Core
Authors: Testa Paola , Bakke Helle , Rouppe van der Voort Luc , De Pontieu Bart
Published: October 2023

High-resolution spectral observations of the lower solar atmosphere (chromosphere and transition region) during coronal heating events, in combination with predictions from models of impulsively heated loops, provide powerful diagnostics of the properties of the heating in active region cores. Here, we analyze the first coordinated observations of such events with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) and the CHROMospheric Imaging Spectrometer (CHROMIS), at the Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope (SST), which provided extremely high spatial resolution and revealed chromospheric brightenings with spatial dimensions down to ∼150 km. We use machine-learning methods (k-means clustering) and find significant coherence in the spatial and temporal properties of the chromospheric spectra, suggesting, in turn, coherence in the spatial and temporal distribution of the coronal heating. The comparison of IRIS and CHROMIS spectra with simulations suggests that both nonthermal electrons with low energy (low-energy cutoff ∼5 keV) and direct heating in the corona transported by thermal conduction contribute to the heating of the low atmosphere. This is consistent with growing evidence that nonthermal electrons are not uncommon in small heating events (nanoflare to microflares), and that their properties can be constrained by chromospheric and transition region spectral observations.
Discovery of a Planar Black Hole Mass Scaling Relation for Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Davis Benjamin L. , Jin 金 Zehao 泽灏
Published: October 2023

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are tiny in comparison to the galaxies they inhabit, yet they manage to influence and coevolve along with their hosts. Evidence of this mutual development is observed in the structure and dynamics of galaxies and their correlations with black hole mass (M
•). For our study, we focus on relative parameters that are unique to only disk galaxies. As such, we quantify the structure of spiral galaxies via their logarithmic spiral-arm pitch angles (ϕ) and their dynamics through the maximum rotational velocities of their galactic disks (v
max). In the past, we have studied black hole mass scaling relations between M
• and ϕ or v
max, separately. Now, we combine the three parameters into a trivariate M
•–ϕ–v
max relationship that yields best-in-class accuracy in prediction of black hole masses in spiral galaxies. Because most black hole mass scaling relations have been created from samples of the largest SMBHs within the most massive galaxies, they lack certainty when extrapolated to low-mass spiral galaxies. Thus, it is difficult to confidently use existing scaling relations when trying to identify galaxies that might harbor the elusive class of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). Therefore, we offer our novel relationship as an ideal predictor to search for IMBHs and probe the low-mass end of the black hole mass function by utilizing spiral galaxies. Already with rotational velocities widely available for a large population of galaxies and pitch angles readily measurable from uncalibrated images, we expect that the M
•–ϕ–v
max fundamental plane will be a useful tool for estimating black hole masses, even at high redshifts.
The Nereididae (Annelida) – diagnoses, descriptions, and a key to the genera
Authors: Wilson Robin S. , Glasby Christopher J. , Bakken Torkild
Published: October 2023

Nereididae is among the most familiar of marine annelid families, common and well-studied in most marine environments but paradoxically no recent key or identification guide exists to the world’s genera. Here updated generic descriptions, a list of characters, a linear key to genera, and minimal diagnoses that distinguish each genus from all others in the family are provided. This information is generated from a Delta database of 186 morphological characters and a link is provided to downloadable software allowing the same data to be interrogated using the open-source Delta program Intkey – a nonlinear multiple entry point computerised interactive key. For each genus the recent literature is also summarised, comments on taxonomic status provided, and published keys to species cited. Nexus format matrices are provided for all 45 genera and 158 Nereididae species, representing all genera, scored for 146 multistate characters from the same character list to facilitate future phylogenetic studies.
Redescription of the hispidoberycid, Hispidoberyx ambagiosus Kotlyar, 1981 from Taiwan, with comments on its morphology (Beryciformes, Stephanoberycoidei, Hispidoberycidae)
Authors: Su Yo , Lin Chien-Hsiang , Ho Hsuan-Ching
Published: October 2023

A rare spiny-scale pricklefish, Hispidoberyx ambagiosus Kotlyar, 1981, is redescribed based on four specimens collected from Taiwan. Their sampling locality represents the northernmost record of the family, which extends the family’s distribution from the eastern Indian Ocean and the South China Sea to northeastern Taiwan in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. A detailed description of these specimens and the first description of its sagittal otoliths are provided. In addition, the specimens are compared with other known specimens. Intraspecific variation of some morphological characters are discussed.
Empreintes économiques, politiques et culturelles de la colonisation française de l’Afrique
Authors: Coquery-Vidrovitch Catherine
Published: October 2023

Des premières « intentions coloniales », au milieu du XVII e  siècle, marquées par le commerce des esclaves à l’embouchure du fleuve Sénégal, à la veille des indépendances : le présent article donne un aperçu général des empreintes de la colonisation française de l’Afrique dans les domaines économique, politique et culturel.
Pour une approche entrepreneuriale de la recherche scientifique : opportunité, écosystème et business model
Authors: Koubaa Salah
Published: October 2023

Cet article tente de mettre en valeur le métier de chercheur dans le domaine de l’économie et de la gestion. L’objectif est de positionner la réflexion dans une posture entrepreneuriale en permettant de rapprocher le métier de chercheur et sa raison d’être de l’entrepreneur. L’opportunité est le concept clé de cette tentative de rapprochement pour expliquer les postures épistémologiques souvent utilisées dans les thèses. On tente également de situer l’action du chercheur dans une perspective d’action en s’appuyant sur des concepts préalablement établis afin d’évaluer l’apport de sa production. L’article consiste à parvenir à ce que l’on peut qualifier de recherche orientée vers l’action ou de connaissance actionnable en proposant un modèle scientifique pour le chercheur, similaire au business model de l’entrepreneur. La relation entre les pratiques entrepreneuriales et la recherche est dialectique et en quête de sens. Ce rapprochement est réalisé en utilisant les perspectives philosophiques de l’entrepreneuriat comme point d’entrée afin d’aborder les postures épistémologiques souvent débattues dans la recherche scientifique. L’accent est mis sur l’« opportunité » pour l’entrepreneur et sur le « gap » pour le chercheur. Ainsi, le lien concerne également l’écosystème entrepreneurial et l’écosystème scientifique afin de mettre en évidence l’outil du « business model » largement utilisé dans l’entrepreneuriat pour aider les scientifiques à agir et à produire des connaissances exploitables.
Côté pile ou côté face : regard croisé des différents acteurs de l’accompagnement entrepreneurial
Authors: Pouka Pouka Marie Romuald , Ondoua Biwolé Viviane
Published: October 2023

L’objet du présent article est d’apprécier le processus d’accompagnement entrepreneurial du point de vue simultané des accompagnants et accompagnés. De nature exploratoire, l’étude qualitative passe en revue 18 entretiens semi-structurés dans deux structures d’accompagnement au Cameroun. Les résultats révèlent que, contrairement à la littérature qui décrit le processus d’accompagnement comme bienveillant, il est source de conflits et présente des carences en termes d’attentes divergentes entre accompagnants et accompagnés. Il apparaît alors qu’à l’opposé de la perception partagée selon laquelle les structures d’accompagnement sont des outils performatifs, ils génèrent des dérives qui devraient constituer des pistes de recherches ultérieures.
Le Saint-Siège et la guerre en Ukraine : retour sur les échecs de la diplomatie pontificale
Authors: Mabille François
Published: October 2023

Envisagée de la révolution Maïdan à nos jours, l'approche diplomatique du Saint-Siège soulève de nombreuses questions sur son positionnement international, et plus précisément sur la guerre russe en Ukraine. Globalement, c'est le statut d'un État neutre sur la scène internationale qui est questionné. Le Saint-Siège n'échappe pas à la règle d'un sujet qui concerne tant la Suède, la Finlande et la Suisse, qui y apportent des réponses différentes, mais qui toutes soulignent les dilemmes de la neutralité. Dans ce cadre, et compte tenu des prétentions éthiques du Saint-Siège, des interrogations plus précises méritent d'être soulevées.
Effect of Phytoparasitic Nematodes on Agricultural Yield
Authors: Yadav Kajol , Bharti Lovely , Chaubey Ashok Kumar
Published: October 2023

Plant-parasitic nematodes are a high-priced burden in agricultural crop manufacturing. Over 4100 species of plant-parasitic nematodes have been recognized. Together, they represent an envisioned $80–$118 billion dollars annually in damage to crops. Plant-parasitic nematodes are identified as one of the finest threats to vegetation globally. The most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are taken into consideration to be the root knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne sp., which are accountable for losses in vegetable plants throughout the world and determine the common use of chemical pesticides. The major genera of phytoparasitic nematodes discovered to cause crop losses were Heterodera, Hoplolaimus, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Rotylenchulus, and Xiphinema. In different reports, M. incognita suppression turned into observed in field soil treated with P. penetrans in contrast to untreated soil. Opportunity means of pest control consisting of the use of biological controls are great interest for crop producers.
Case Study of Instructional Leadership in Two South Louisiana Schools
Authors: Rueter Denise , Dowell Margaret-Mary Sulentic
Published: October 2023

The authors employed a multiple case study to examine the degree to which teachers' capacity to teach writing was further developed in the beginning years of teaching. An overarching question examined how pre-service and in-service teacher training in writing impacted pedagogical knowledge and instruction. This was supported by three sub questions which examined pre-service programs, implementation of writing in K-2 classrooms and support from in-service development. The results of the study included participants' lack of teacher preparation in writing and limited use of evidence-based instructional practices due to a prioritization of reading and limited pedagogical knowledge of writing. Implications for practice included implementing evidence-based instructional practices in literacy courses, providing development for in-service teachers, and developing instructional leaders in developing teachers' pedagogical knowledge and understanding of evidence-based instructional practices.
Two-photon live imaging of direct glia-to-neuron conversion in the mouse cortex
Authors: Xiang Zongqin , He Shu , Chen Rongjie , Liu Shanggong , Liu Minhui , Xu Liang , Zheng Jiajun , Jiang Zhouquan , Ma Long , Sun Ying , Qin Yongpeng , Chen Yi , Li Wen , Wang Xiangyu , Chen Gong , Lei Wenliang
Published: October 2023

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202408000-00032/figure1/v/2024-02-22T141052Z/r/image-tiff

Over the past decade, a growing number of studies have reported transcription factor-based in situ reprogramming that can directly convert endogenous glial cells into functional neurons as an alternative approach for neuroregeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system. However, many questions remain regarding how a terminally differentiated glial cell can transform into a delicate neuron that forms part of the intricate brain circuitry. In addition, concerns have recently been raised around the absence of astrocyte-to-neuron conversion in astrocytic lineage-tracing mice. In this study, we employed repetitive two-photon imaging to continuously capture the in situ astrocyte-to-neuron conversion process following ectopic expression of the neural transcription factor NeuroD1 in both proliferating reactive astrocytes and lineage-traced astrocytes in the mouse cortex. Time-lapse imaging over several weeks revealed the step-by-step transition from a typical astrocyte with numerous short, tapered branches to a typical neuron with a few long neurites and dynamic growth cones that actively explored the local environment. In addition, these lineage-converting cells were able to migrate radially or tangentially to relocate to suitable positions. Furthermore, two-photon Ca2+ imaging and patch-clamp recordings confirmed that the newly generated neurons exhibited synchronous calcium signals, repetitive action potentials, and spontaneous synaptic responses, suggesting that they had made functional synaptic connections within local neural circuits. In conclusion, we directly visualized the step-by-step lineage conversion process from astrocytes to functional neurons in vivo and unambiguously demonstrated that adult mammalian brains are highly plastic with respect to their potential for neuroregeneration and neural circuit reconstruction.
Amyloid-beta and tau protein beyond Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Abyadeh Morteza , Gupta Vivek , Paulo Joao A. , Mahmoudabad Arezoo Gohari , Shadfar Sina , Mirshahvaladi Shahab , Gupta Veer , Nguyen Christine T.O. , Finkelstein David I. , You Yuyi , Haynes Paul A. , Salekdeh Ghasem H. , Graham Stuart L. , Mirzaei Mehdi
Published: October 2023

The aggregation of amyloid-beta peptide and tau protein dysregulation are implicated to play key roles in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and are considered the main pathological hallmarks of this devastating disease. Physiologically, these two proteins are produced and expressed within the normal human body. However, under pathological conditions, abnormal expression, post-translational modifications, conformational changes, and truncation can make these proteins prone to aggregation, triggering specific disease-related cascades. Recent studies have indicated associations between aberrant behavior of amyloid-beta and tau proteins and various neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as retinal neurodegenerative diseases like Glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Additionally, these proteins have been linked to cardiovascular disease, cancer, traumatic brain injury, and diabetes, which are all leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the connections between amyloid-beta and tau proteins and a spectrum of disorders.
Surgical Management of Vision Loss in Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Case Series from a Tertiary Care Stroke Center
Authors: Reddy Taallapalli Ashok Vardhan , Seshagiri Doniparthi V. , Reddy Haripriya Krishna , Patwardhan Ameya A. , Joshi Tarachand H. , Shukla Dhaval , Kulkarni Girish B. , Mustare Veerendra Kumar , Ramakrishnan Subasree
Published: October 2023

Background and Purpose:

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) presenting as vision loss is uncommon. Raised intracranial tension in CVT is proposed as one of the mechanisms (13.2%). There are still unknown underlying mechanisms to explain vision loss in CVT. The safety and outcome of the surgery (optic nerve sheath fenestration [ONSF] or theco-peritoneal shunt [TPS]) to reduce intracranial hypertension and prevent vision loss has not been studied.

Methods:

A retrospective case record review of CVT patients with impending vision loss who underwent ONSF/TPS from 2007 to 2019 was performed from the stroke registry. All patients had formal neuro-ophthalmological evaluation and documentation of visual acuity, supplemented by visual field assessments by perimetry in a subset of patients. Safety and outcomes were assessed based on vision improvement and adverse effects after the surgery.

Results:

Among approximately 1400 patients with CVT admitted in the stroke ward over 12 years, surgery for rescuing vision was done in 18. Among these, the males were 6, and the females were 12. The mean age of presentation was 24 (range 18–52 years). All of them had headaches and progressive blurring of vision with papilledema. The number of patients who underwent TPS was 13, ONSF was 1, and both were 4. In the TPS group (26 eyes), vision improved in 15 eyes (57.7%), remained status-quo in 8 eyes (30.7%), and worsened in 3 eyes (11.5%). Four patients underwent both surgeries; three eyes improved, two remained status quo, and three worsened. One patient underwent ONSF, and his vision remained status quo (no perception of light). Three patients (17.6%) of the TPS group had minor complications (low-pressure headache, subdural hygroma), and five (29.4%) had major complications like subdural hemorrhage, abdominal wound infection, and meningitis.

Conclusion and Implications:

In patients with CVT, adequate vision monitoring is mandatory. Shunt surgeries (especially TPS) may help in stabilizing/improving vision in CVT patients with impending vision loss, despite adequate anti-edema measures (53.8% improved). Early diagnosis and precise decisions in referring for surgery are crucial.
Median Nerves’ Electrical Activation Reduces Ipsilateral Brachial Arteries’ Blood Flow and Diameter
Authors: Ege Fahrettin , Kazci Ömer
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

Our main objective in this study was to determine whether there is a difference between ipsilateral and contralateral brachial arteries’ flow parameters in response to median nerves’ electrical activation.

Material and Methods:

The study was conducted in healthy and active subjects. The arterial diameter and flow were measured using the probe from the brachial artery. Then, the median nerve was stimulated for 5 seconds via the bipolar stimulus electrode. Arterial diameter and flow were measured once more with the Doppler transducer, which kept going to monitor continuously just after the fifth stimulus. After a week, the same subjects are invited for the purpose of measuring the contralateral brachial arteries’ vasomotor response to the same stimulus.

Results:

Before electrical stimulation, the median flow rate was 72.15 ml/min; after stimulation, the median flow rate was 39.20 ml/min. The drop in flow after stimulation was statistically significant (P < 0.001). While the median value of brachial artery vessel diameter before median nerve stimulation in the entire study group was 3.50 mm, the median value of vessel diameter after stimulation was 2.90 mm. After stimulation, the median nerve diameter narrowed statistically significantly (P < 0.001). As for the contralateral brachial in response to the right median nerves’ activation, no significant flow or diameter change was found (P = 0.600, P = 0.495, respectively).

Conclusion:

We discovered that electrical stimulation of the median nerve caused significant changes in ipsilateral brachial artery blood flow and diameter in healthy volunteers. The same stimulation does not result in flow parameter changes in the contralateral brachial artery.