bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Energy-Saving Technology for Salt Solution Heat Pump Evaporators
Authors: Yu Tian Lan , Yu Tian Xiang , Peng De Qi , Chen Li , Feng Xiu Yan , Zhang Zhi Kun , Yu Xiu Min
Published: July 2013

Aiming at increasing the energy-saving efficiency of salt solution evaporation, the effect of several factors on heat pump energy-saving efficiency is studied through theoretical analyses and calculation. The factors include boiling point elevation caused by solution static pressure, superheat loss of surface evaporation, temperature difference loss caused by fouling. The conclusions are that falling-film evaporator helps improve heat pump evaporation energy-saving the most and forms the fluctuating flow of the falling film which can be used to remove fouling automatically. The Φ38mm×2mm single-tube dynamics experiment results show that the flow can produce stable 3D vibration of the cleaning spiral when the nominal flow velocity is more than 0.25m/s. The axial reciprocating motion distance is longer than one spiral pitch and reciprocating periodicity is 3-6 seconds. The sodium carbonate solution fouling removal experiment results show that the salt fouling decreases the overall heat transfer coefficient by 30% in one hour when there is no the 3D vibrating spiral-insert; and the insert can enhance heat transfer by 59% comparing to that during stable operation without this technology.
Key Words: Falling-film Evaporator, Heat Pump Evaporate, Energy saving, Automatic cleaning, Heat transfer
Compensation Capacity Selection and Performance Improve for SVC
Authors: Liu Si , Xu Yong Hai , Wang Jin Hao , Yang Chao Ying
Published: July 2013

The industrial application of static VAR compensator (SVC) is becoming more and more widely. It has many outstanding functions, such as respond rapidly for changes, compensate reactive power dynamically, reduce harmonic, suppress voltage fluctuations and flicker, and improve the negative sequence problem. This paper, from the above power quality problems, analyzes SVC capacity selection principle and the compensation effect. Meanwhile, the compensation performance evaluation method for an installed and operational SVC is also given. When device can't achieve the expected compensation effect, some improvement strategies are put forward further more.
Numerical Analysis of High Power Marine Diesel Engine Main Bearing Load and Lubricating Properties
Authors: Zhao Xiu Xu , Huang An Jian , Hu Zhi Xiang
Published: July 2013

The main bearing is one of the primary friction pairs of a diesel engine. The lubrication condition affects the performance of the marine diesel engine directly. Continuous working time of main bearings is longer, load is higher and working condition is even worse especially in low medium speed marine diesel engine, making it difficult to form good dynamic pressure lubrication.Therefore, this paper takes a high-power marine diesel G32 with 9 cylinders as an example, calculates and analyzes the load, the orbit of main shaft center and the minimum thickness of oil film in each main bearing, providing the basis to estimate each main bearing’s lubricating condition, predicting each main bearing’s performance precisely and judging whether there exists abnormal working conditions in each main bearing.
Development of Movement Crosstalk Removal Method for 3D Elliptical Vibration Cutting
Authors: Lin Jie Qiong , Yue Jin , Gao Xiao Ping , Ran Tong Han
Published: July 2013

The three-dimensional elliptical vibration cutting can realize high efficient and low cost of method of optical free surface cutting, whose effective drive form is the stack of piezoelectric ceramics to achieve the vibration in three directions . but the crosstalk phenomenon generated in the process of the piezoelectric movement make the tool deviate the ideal trajectory so that seriously affect the quality of the workpiece surface, damage the tool. Thus a method of removing the crosstalk generated in the three-dimensional elliptical vibration cutting device and its control system is proposed in the paper. The control system model of a three-dimensional elliptical vibration cutting is established, then, the crosstalk data is assumed, using the least squares method to fit the date, crosstalk compensation algorithm is obtained so that the crosstalk removal module can be designed to remove the crosstalk generated the piezoelectric movement ,the final section is the simulation-based analysis, the simulation results show that the method can meet the control requirements of the three-dimensional elliptical vibration, the crosstalk of piezoelectric movement can be removed effectively.
CNC Servo System Base on PMSM
Authors: Zeng Meng Xiong , Ouyang Wen
Published: July 2013

The paper study object is the CNC servo system, and it presented three closed-loops control strategy based on PMSM. Through dynamic mathematical model of current loop, rotational speed loop and position loop were established and simplified. The closed-loop regulator was designed. The system was corrected by the controller. The simulation, tuning and calculation of the closed-loop were carried in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results indicated that the system design was correct, and the desired effect of control was achieved.
Fuzzy Controller of Voltage Regulator System BP Neural Network Model Design and Simulation
Authors: Lu Wan Yin
Published: July 2013

Voltage regulation control system is a typical position servo system, its often uses PID regulation control, the adjustment time is long, big overshoot. This research through the output signal and a given signal of the deviation and its differential data analysis, design of fuzzy controller to realize the fuzzy control of this system. Fuzzy controller of the thought and method in microcomputer realization difficulty is very great, the calculation is not easy.Consider BP network model is certain function relation, the exponential computation in microcomputer such as PLC in the corresponding instruction, BP network model is easy to through the programming realization, through the simulation BP network model control effect and the fuzzy controller control effect anastomosis.
Robot Grasp Pattern Recognition Based on Wavlet and BP Neural Network
Authors: Chen Jin Jun , Xiang Ting
Published: July 2013

Tactile sensation is one of essential perceptions for a functional robot hand to monitor slip states, grasp objects with proper force, and distinguish different properties of objects etc. A practical tactile sensor based on acoustic-electric converting principle is introduced. The grasp signals of objects of three sort materials are collected by the tactile sensor. The power spectrum feature vectors of them are taken as learning sample book set. Transfer function of neurons in hidden layer is tangent function and that in output layer is logarithmic function. L-M algorithm is selected and convergence precision set is as 0.0001. The hidden layer nodes are taken by experiments as 13. When neural network structure is 8-13-4, BP neural network has the fastest convergence rate and short running time of milliseconds.
Investigation on Residual Strength of Airplane Plate with Smooth Circular Hole
Authors: Yao Wu Wen , Zhou Ping , Hou Sheng Li , Gao Yun Kui
Published: July 2013

In order to solve the fight problem of damaged airplane in war, based on linear elasticity, elastoplasticity and net section yield criterion, the calculation model for residual strength of plate with smooth circular hole is founded. Furthermore, the flexibility of calculation models using these three methods is analyzed through examples. All above can be basis for airplane battle damage assessment.
Power Feedward Strategy of Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Direct Power Decoupling
Authors: Fu Chun Peng , Zhu Yong Qiang
Published: July 2013

Take into account grid inverter that using direct power control is vulnerable to the disturbance of grid voltage, a control algorithm is proposed based on the relationship between the power and voltage, which is deduced according to the mathematic model of the inverter that using double-loop control strategy. The change amount of the output power of inverter is added to the reference of power closed-loop as power feedforward, which improves the dynamic response to the grid voltage change. Simulations with EMTDC/PSCAD are carried out and the comparison of output power response to grid voltage change between control with and without power feedforward verifies its effectiveness.
Interference-Free and Iso-Parametric Trajectory Generation for the 5-Axis Machining of an Impeller
Authors: Wang Jin Bo , Liu Ke Fei , Chen Xu Bing
Published: July 2013

so-parametric trajectory generation and tool orientation determination for the 5-axis machining of an impeller are developed in this paper. Firstly, u direction of the surface is selected as the feed direction, and v direction is set as the step interval direction for the iso-parametric trajectory generation. Secondly, tool orientations are determined by the vector starting from the guide curve point and ending at the CL point. The guide curve is located between neighbor blades and fitted by the middle points with the least square method. Thirdly, a program is developed and the AIsopara Trajectory menu is added to the main menu bar by UG MenuScript. Finally, the generated trajectories and tool orientations are demonstrated with their tool swept volume.
Theory Analysis and Performance Optimization of CNC Machine Tool Servo-Driven System
Authors: Wei Sheng
Published: July 2013

The servo-driven system built a bridge between the numerical control device and machine tools and the robustness, rapidity and accuracy of CNC system are highly determinate by it. In this paper, a representative servo control module of CNC system will be addressed. Based on that, the mathematical models of close-loop controls with current-loop (integral element), position-loop (proportional element), speed-loop (derivative element) and feedforward control are established. The effect of static and dynamic performances are analyzed with the tuning parameters of each close-loop controller and the experimental verification are performed using the tool of SERVO GUIDE software.
Study on the Method and Strategy of Stock Control for Automobile Supply Chain
Authors: Liu Jin , Liu Zhi Guo
Published: July 2013

The Agile supply chain is the requirement of automobile industry development. In front of the production from order and the variability of automobile market, the stock controlling methods and strategies are the important themes of manufacture factory and supplier. Basing on the feature of flexible production, the ABC/XYZ methods of stock controlling for automobile supply chain is studied in this paper. And different stock controlling strategies are also discussed. This method can not only reduce the depth of stock, but also improve the efficiency of supply chain.
The Design of Self-Lubricating Ceramic Tool Material
Authors: Cao Tong Kun , Shan Chun Sheng , Ge Jun Peng
Published: July 2013

Chemical compatibility of self-lubricating ceramic tool materials, such as Al2O3/TiC/MoS2, Al2O3/TiC/h-BN, Al2O3/TiC/CaF2, were analyzed and calculated, and the results were verified by X-ray diffraction patterns. The optimal volume content of solid lubricant was calculated by the thermal stress theory under specific condition. The results show that under high temperature, there were some reactions in Al2O3/TiC/MoS2 and Al2O3/TiC/h-BN, while there were no reactions in Al2O3/TiC/CaF2. To Al2O3/TiC/CaF2, the optimal volume content of CaF2 is 25.1% under specific condition.
Synthesis and Characterization of Aminopyridyl -Thiacalix[4]arene Immobilized on Mesoporous Titanium Dioxide and its Application for Heavy Metal Adsorption
Authors: Wu Qing Hui , Huang Chao Zhang , Zhang Jian Ping , Deng Qi Xin , Xie Wei
Published: July 2013

A novel active ligands 2 possessing three aminopyridyl and one carboxylic groups in 1,3-alternate conformation based on thiacalix[4]arene was synthesized and covalently immobilized on mesoporous titanium dioxide by esterification reaction, then the novel adsorbent was employed to adsorb trace amounts of toxic heavy metals such as Cd, Hg and Pb in aqueous water.
Study on the Solidified Microstructures of AZ61 Magnesium Alloys under Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Li Ying Hong , Song Bo , Wang Ning
Published: July 2013

The solidified microstructures of AZ61 magnesium alloy under different electromagnetic fields were investigated. Optical microstructure revealed that the solidified microstructure of AZ61 under single static magnetic field and combination of static magnetic field and alternating current (AC) consisted of basically equiaxed grains; when the alloy solidified under static magnetic field and direct current (DC), dendrite in solidified microstructure increases with certain orientation. The constituent phase at grain boundary consists of mainly magnesium matrix and continuous cellular compound under the static field, and the one consists of mainly magnesium matrix, cellular and spotted Mg-Al-Zn intermetallic compound under the action of static magnetic field and combination of static magnetic field and alternating current, the continuous cellular structure disappears thoroughly under static magnetic field and DC, compound in magnesium matrix distributes in discontinuous lamellar state.
Rheological Behavior during Melt Ring-Opening Polymerization of Macrocyclic Aryl Ester Dimer
Authors: Hu Li Song
Published: July 2013

Macrocyclic aryl ester dimer has been synthesized from o-phthaloyl dichloride with bisphenol A under pseudo high dilution conditions via interfacial polycondensation. The rheological behaviors during ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ester dimer at different experiment conditions have been investigated. The results show that it exists initial stage in the ROP reaction and the viscosity is lower than 10Pa·S in the initial period. The length of the initial stage can be controlled by the experiment conditions and the viscosity increases dramatically after the initial stage.
EMI Shielding Effectiveness of CNTs Composites
Authors: Li Ping , Low Aik Seng , Shan Yue Yan , Ong Guat Choon , Yin Xi Jiang
Published: July 2013

A carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite and its electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (SE) were investigated. Its absorptance, reflectance and shielding effectiveness (SE) were analysed. The CNTs composite has a shielding effectiveness (SE) of more than 25 dB (>99.68%) in frequency range from 30 MHz to 5 GHz. The testing results also demonstrate that the shielding mechanism of the CNTs composite is mainly EMI absorption of electromagnitic radiation. The high SE of the CNTs composite in the study is attributed to a high aspect ratio (>3000) and good conductive network of CNTs within the composite.
Effects of Sintering Temperature on the Phase Changes of Woodceramics Prepared from Liquefication Wood
Authors: Sun De Lin , Yu Xian Chun
Published: July 2013

Discarded wood was liquefied with phenol to prepare the liquefication basic woodceramics (LBW). The effects of sintering temperature on the phase changes had discussed. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis showed that, as sintering temperature rose, the elements of H and O were excluded gradually, as well the circle C-C structure had formed. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that higher sintering temperature could improve the microcrystal structure. With the temperature increasing, (002) diffraction peak became strong and the diffraction angle 2θbecame larger, meanwhile, the stacking height of larger plane and the crystallite size increased also. In addition, the distances of interlamination drop drown, and the rank of microcrystal became more regulation and order. Butgvalues which character the degree of graphitization always were less than zero, and the integrated graphite structure had not found, suggesting the LBW was a kind of a difficult graphitization material.
A Method to Determine Fracture Toughness Using Berkovich Indenter for Bulk Materials
Authors: He Min , Shi Duan Hu , Yang Feng , Zhang Ning , Guo Hua Feng
Published: July 2013

An indentation approach with Berkovich indenter is proposed to determine fracture toughness for ductile materials. With decrease of effective elastic modulus, an approximate linear relationship between logarithmic plastic penetration depth and logarithmic effective elastic modulus, and a quadratic polynomial relationship between the plastic penetration depths and penetration loads are exhibited by indentation investigation with Berkovich indenter. The damage constructive equation of effective elastic modulus is proposed to determine the critical effective elastic modulus at the fracture point, which is the key problem to calculate the indentation energy to fracture. The critical plastic penetration depth is identified after the critical effective elastic modulus can be predicted by conventional mechanical properties. The fracture toughness is calculated according to the equation of penetration load, plastic penetration depth and the critical plastic penetration depth.
Fabrication and Photocatalytic Performance of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle/Polymethylmethacrylate
Authors: Yan Sheng Hui , Zhang Yu Ting
Published: July 2013

t has been found that the photocatalytic activity of TiOB2B toward the decomposition of gaseous benzene in a batch reactor can be greatly improved by modifying TiOB2 Bin the presence of 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate (MPS). The prepared photocatalyst (PMMA-TiOB2B) was characterized by FTIR, UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and XPS. PMMA-TiOB2 Bdemonstrates 2.3 times the photocatalytic activity of that of TiOB2B.
Electrochemical Potential Noise Analysis of 304 Stainless Steel Weld Zone Exposed to Alkaline Solutions by Different Parameters
Authors: Zhao Ru , Song Shi Zhe
Published: July 2013

The electrochemical potential noise (EPN) of 304 stainless steel (SS) weld zone in boiling 50%NaOH solution were studied, in order to monitor stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Several EPN parameters were extracted from time domain, frequency domain and statistical analysis. The results showed its corrosion potential appears a downward trend during the experiment. When localized corrosion cracks initiation, amplitude was large and termination appeared. A high frequency plateau appeared using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method in the power spectrum densities (PSD) s, and its standard deviation was larger, indicating the variation of corrosion state. Moreover, Visual records and frequency of events (fn) were discussed. Itsfncan distinguish the different state of specimens. EPN shows considerable promise for detecting localized corrosion. Further development work is expected to lead to a useful, for real time detection of localized corrosion.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copolymers Consisting of 3-Hexylthiophene and Biphenyl Derivatives
Authors: Liu Fu De , Zhou Yong , Wu Hai Yan
Published: July 2013

Two novel copolymers consisting of 3-hexylthiophene and 4,4-di (thiophen-2-yl) biphenyl (DTBHT) or 4,4-di (thiophen-2-yl)-2-nitrobiphenyl (DTNHT) were synthesized. Both of the copolymers show lower HOMO energy level (-5.62, -5.51 eV) than that of the P3HT (-5.1 eV). Compared to DTBHT, adding nitro group in DTNHT improves effective conjugation of the main chain and successfully lowers the electrochemical bandgap of the copolymers from 2.39 to 2.28 eV and optical band-gap from 2.17 to 2.07 eV with significant increase in fluorescence quantum yield from 0.140 to 0.252. Keywords: biphenyl, 3-Hexylthiophene, conjugated polymer
Production and Developing Trends of Gold Alloys Magnetron Sputtering Target
Authors: Cao Zhuo , Zhang Qin , Li Ying
Published: July 2013

For the reason of outstanding performance and unique character, gold alloys coating materials produced by Magnetron sputtering were used widely and widely. As source material for coating, the quality of gold alloys target has great effects on sputtering technological parameters and performances of coatings. This paper mainly describes the production,application of gold alloys sputtering target as well as the present status and developing trends in the future
Study on Nonmetal Inclusions in Ultra-Low Oxygen Spring Steel during Process
Authors: Wu Xiao Dong , Chen Rui Long , Xiao Bo , Wang Zhong Ying
Published: July 2013

The inclusions in ultra-low oxygen spring steel during process were studied. Sufficient aluminium was used during tapping. The refining slag has high basicity and strong reducibility. The total oxygen is only 10×10-6 in billet and the oxide inclusions in the steel have finished the transformation during refining and some complex oxide inclusions are easy to remove at steelmaking temperature. Residual oxide inclusions in the steel are CaO-MgO-Al2O3 complex inclusions with a relatively lower melting point, which have a little deform-ability during hot-working and can improve the fatigue properties of high speed wheel steel effectively.
Shape-Controlled CeO2 Nanomaterials Prepared by Hydrothermal Process
Authors: Tao Yu , Tao Yu Xiao , Su Zhong Huai , Wu Hai Ping
Published: July 2013

A simple hydrothermal method was developed to prepare shaped-controlled CeO2 nanomaterials, in which, Ce (NO3)3· 6H2O was used as Ce source and H2O2 was used as oxidant and morphologies controlling agent. Different morphologies of CeO2 including nanoparticles, nanooctahedrons, nanorods and nanocubes could be obtained by simply adjusting the concentration of H2O2 in reaction system. These nanoCeO2 could be dispersed in water and ethanol very well after reaction without using any surfactant. A possible growth mechanism was put forward to explain the morphologies evolution process based on TEM, SEM observations. There are not any other impurities were introduced into reaction, and the production ration is high enough, which supply a potential large-scale preparation method for CeO2 nanomaterials.
Design of an Automatic Cleaning Energy-Saving Technology for Manganese Sulfate Continuous Production Crystallizer
Authors: Yu Tian Xiang , Zhou Wen Yuan , Yu Tian Lan , Peng De Qi , Ye Lei
Published: July 2013

To deal with the high energy consumption of the batch-type single-effect evaporator for Manganese sulfate production, a vibrating-spiral fluidized automatic cleaning technology was developed for continuous crystallizer production. The proposed method is presented followed by validation through a heat transfer coefficient comparison experiment. The result has shown that the proposed method has strong capability of automatic cleaning of crystalline scale. When the flow velocity in tubes is 0.80 m/s and the heat transfer temperature difference is 17°C, the overall heat transfer coefficient can reach 90% of that of clean tubes without spiral-fluidization. Furthermore, it is ideal to keep the volumetric concentration of fluidization particles at 1% and the automatic cleaning capability is almost directly proportional to the flow velocity. The automatic-cleaning continuous-production crystallizer technology can effectively replace the atmospheric-pressure single-effect evaporator and reduce the energy consumption by 95%. Comparing to the three-effect evaporator, the proposed method can save energy up to 88%.
Corrosion Properties of Al-Modified Austenitic Stainless Steel Prepared by Laser Cladding
Authors: Zhang Jian Bin , Yu Dong Mei , Xu Jian Lin
Published: July 2013

The layer of Al-modified austenitic stainless steel was formed by laser cladding with pre-placed FeNiCrAl powder on 304SS surface. No porosity and free of cracks was observed at power density of 31.25 w·s·mm-2. The microstructure of cladded layer was observed by OM (optical microscope) and SEM (scanning electron microscope). Compared with 304 (the substrate), laser cladding FeNiCrAl layer exhibit excellent pitting resistance in mixed acid solution. Anodic polarization curve indicated that the corrosion potential of laser cladding layer was 70 mV higher than that of 304SS (-345.7 mV), while self-corrosion current density of 304SS was 2.4 times as high as that of laser cladding layer.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 22MnB5 Steel with Different Cooling Method
Authors: Liu Hong Wei , Yu Jing Bo , Zhao Hong Yun
Published: July 2013

Microstructure and mechanical properties of 22MnB5 Steel were analysis with different cooling method. The result show that the volume fraction of martensite in 22MnB5 is increased with the rising of cooling speed, the microstructure with air cooling is composed of ferrite and pealite, and the quenched microstructure is 100% martensite with metal die cooling and water cooling, tensile strength increased with the rising of cooling speed. The highest tensile strength is 1569.60MPa with elongation only 2.13% with water cooling method.
Research of Foam Pattern Processing for Lost Foam Casting
Authors: Chen Hong Ze , Shan Zhong De , Dong Hong Zhao
Published: July 2013

In the whole process of the LFC (or evaporative pattern casting, EPC), the quality of the foam pattern play a decisive role to the final casting quality. The present processing methods for the foam pattern are discussed, including foaming molding, manual cutting, and CNC machining, rapid prototyping, also the advantages and disadvantages of these processing methods are analyzed. As CNC machining become the main trend for foam pattern processing, some CNC machine oriented tools are summarized, including the hot wire foam cutter, the hot knife foam cutter, and the modified tools based on the traditional tools.
Design for Detection System of Landslides Based on SCM
Authors: Li Gao Zheng , Liu Cheng , Cao Guo Hong , Yu Nan
Published: July 2013

In order to understand all data of landslides as much as possible, such as the time, place, scale and destructive power, a kind of Remote monitoring system of Landslides based on SCM was designed. The main function is for the purpose of dynamic monitoring of landslide timely and effectively. The main work include hardware design, software design and circuit debugging of the system. In the system, hardware design mainly consists of the analysis and design of landslides data acquisition module and data processing and control system module circuit; Software design is to refer to the compilations of various system modular program; Circuit debugging refers to the process of debugging the program running in the system to ensure that the department of the system can work normally.
Research on the Optimal Design of a Pilot Valve Controlling Cut-Off Valve
Authors: Qian Jin Yuan , Zhang Han , Wang Jian Kai , Lu An Le , Jin Zhi Jiang
Published: July 2013

The cut-off valve based on pilot valve controlling is a new kind of valve which opens and closes fast and has low driving energy consumption. Because of the complexity of the internal flow and uncertainty of the internal pressure, there is uncertainty in the design of the key structure. We simulate the whole opening process of the valve under different key structural dimensions with Fluent Dynamic Mesh and UDFs, and we do experiments to authenticate simulation results. The turn-on time we get from the simulation is the same as that from experiments under the valves actual operating conditions, in other words, the simulation results are correct, so we can identify the valve flow and get the internal pressure data which provides a reliable basis for the design of the key structural dimensions.
Finite Element Analysis in Dynamic Conditions of Bridge Crane Beam
Authors: He Yi Bin , Zhang Yu , Yang Bing Kuan , Liu Shi Wen , Chen Ding Fang
Published: July 2013

On the basis of analysis of the existing problems in the bridge crane of today's society, bridge crane girders were modeled and calculated by using three-dimensional design software, then discussed its finite element analysis. It turns out the research and analysis of the main beam in load in static and dynamic conditions. Through a comparative study of displacement diagram and stress-deformation diagram in the case of loading inertia force or no inertia force, it provides important reference for the bridge crane design, optimization, and lightweight optimization.
Corrosion of Tail Heated Surface Tube under Flue Gas Medium in LNG Power Station HRSG
Authors: Chen Zhong Bing , Chen Yu Hui , Li Bo Yan , Zeng Xiao Yun , Lv Yi Shi , Liu Xiao
Published: July 2013

Corrosion type, reasons and influential factors of the tail heated surface tube of the low carbon steel under the flue gas medium in LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas) power station HRSG(Heat Recovery Steam Generator) were researched through cracks morphology observation, corrosion products analysis, corrosion elements measurement and tube wall temperature field FEM calculation. Results showed that the crack initiated from the outer wall of the tube and propagated toward the inner wall with the arborescent morphology. Intergranular embrittlement ruptured. Rock type feature and secondary crack were observed on the fracture. Mud pattern and polygonal figure of the corrosion products were present. According to these morphology characteristics, the crack was identified as stress corrosion crack, and corrosion type was SCC(Stress Corrosion Cracking). Reasons of SCC were that low feed water or flue gas temperature during a certain period of the unit startup and shutdown for peaking operation brought about the temperature of the outer wall of tube below the flue gas dew point, and the flue gas became dew and corrosion solution emerged on the outer wall of tube. The SCC component was CO2 solution according to the corrosion products. S and Cl elements were found in the outer wall of tube, but their effects on SCC are still needed more researches.
Parameters Optimization of Linear Compressor for Refrigerator
Authors: Li Zhi Hai , Liu Yan , Zhong Yuan
Published: July 2013

Recently linear compressor with a free piston is widely paid attention to for its high efficiency. This paper presents parameters optimization of linear compressor used for Refrigerator. The system equations of linear compressor are established through system analysis and solved by variable step Newmark method. The piston movement, current, input power, effective work, resistive loss, damping loss and efficiency are calculated for the optimization from the system equations. Coil wire diameter, stroke and cylinder diameter are important parameters of linear compressor, which have great importance on its performance. The coil wire diameter was changed to find out its affect to loss of resistance. The efficiency of linear compressor and current of the coil are analyzed with the same exhaust volume and different stroke and cylinder diameter. Through the analysis the parameters of the linear compressor are optimized.
Standalone Multi Antenna GNSS Code Based Attitude Determination of Nanosatellite: Design and Implementation
Authors: Meibo Lv , Naqvi Najam Abbas , Li Yan Jun
Published: July 2013

The attitude determination of nanosatellite has been performed in many satellite missions using different sensors like magnetometer, gyroscopes and sun sensors but the cost, weight and power requirements motivate the researchers for standalone GPS based attitude determination system. The attitude determination of the Cubesat projects can be obtained by using the code based measurements from at least three commercial- off- the- shelf (COTS) GPS antennas/receivers mounted on the surface of the satellite with known baseline measurements. Although the code measurements are not as accurate as the phase measurements, but it can give the accuracy of one degree that is sufficient for the experimental Cubesat projects. This research contribution presents the GPS code-based attitude determination algorithm while post processing the static test data and implementing the algorithm in MATLAB environment. The single-point positioning is used for determining the position of the Master antenna, and differential positioning is done to find the slave antennas' position and baseline coordinates. Finally, attitude is determined and compared using the least square and direct methods. Various GPS signal and system errors like ephemeris, clock. Ionospheric and Tropospheric errors along with satellite geometry are also calculated.
PC104 Interface Recommended for High Speed Data Acquisition Systems
Authors: Purcaru Dorina , Purcaru Anca
Published: July 2013

The interface presented in this paper performs a synchronized sampling of all eight common-mode or differential analog inputs with a high sampling rate. This is a low cost interface, entirely controlled by the PC104 CPU. The paper is focused on design and operation aspects of the synchronized analog-to-digital conversion module. This interface is recommended for high speed data acquisition systems and finds its utility in energetic systems, for monitoring the power quality and for recording different specific transient events. Some programmable electronic modules which perform analog and digital signal acquisition in energetic systems already contain a PC104 interface with synchronized sampling of analog inputs; some experimental results are also presented in this paper.
How to Synchronize and Register an Optical-Inertial Tracking System
Authors: Soroush Ali , Akbar Mohammad , Farahmand Farzam
Published: July 2013

Multi-sensor tracking is widely used for augmentation of tracking accuracy using data fusion. A basic requirement for such applications is the real time temporal synchronization and spatial registration of two sensory data. In this study a new method for time and space coordination of two tracking sensor measurements has been presented. For spatial registration we used a body coordinate system and then applied the effect of the level arm. The time synchronization was done based on least mean square (LMS) error method. This method was implemented to synchronize the position and orientation of an object using Inertial ( IMU) and Optical (Optotrak) tracking systems. The results of synchronized data were validated with measurements of Optical tracking system and the mean error of synchronized Euler angles, were less than 0.28 degree.
Robot Control for Home Application
Authors: Rizescu Ciprian Ion , Ciocan Mihai , Rizescu Dana
Published: July 2013

This paper deals with controlling from a distance of NXT Mindstorms robot using mainly Matlab environment and a C# programmable interface. For robot control there is used an IIS application. This is very useful when the owner of the robot is not at home, but he has internet access. The owner of the robot can control the robot and find out what is happening at home. On the second hand, the robot is able to choose the moving path inside the house with the path planning application. The robot is equipped with a camera and the third facility of the robot is the spherical bodies recognition. Also there was developed a dedicated software for human faces detection.
Stereoscopic System with the Tight Tilted Cameras
Authors: Novac Petr , Mostýn Vladimír , Kot Tomáš , Krys Václav
Published: July 2013

Thispaper describes a stereoscopic camera system based on a pair of separate cameras.The cameras are stationary and tilted together. The value of their tiltingangle is derived in regards to their maximal possible utilization of the chiparea with the minimalizing unused parts. It can increase the size of the croppedimage of both left and right images as well as their resolution. The resultswere tested and verified on a real stereoscopic system used for the exploratory, emergency and rescue mobile robots Hercules, Ares and Hardy.
Calculus and Implementation of a TRTR Industrial Robot Servicing a Flexible Manufacturing Cell Destined for the AAV Building Industry
Authors: Petrişor Silviu Mihai , Bârsan Ghiţă
Published: July 2013

The authors of this paper aims to highlight the basic design of a flexible manufacturing cell with parallel organization destined for the assembly of tires on AAV carcasses shafts, operation performed by a TRTR serial-modular industrial robot. The paper describes, in detail: the direct and inverse geometric modeling of the mechanical structure, the direct kinematic modeling of the industrial robot under study, by calculating and illustrating, by means of time development graphs, the column vectors of the generalized coordinates as well as the prehension device characteristic point trajectory that define, at a given moment, its position, orientation and movement within the flexible manufacturing cell proposed for implementation. The final part of the paper presents, based on several functional parameters mandatory for the building of the FMC, the calculus of economic indicators necessary for the optimum functioning of the cell as well as for determining the value of the robot included in its activity and of the overall flexible manufacturing system.
Design of the User Interface for a Robotic Spray Pyrolysis System to Deposit Thin Films
Authors: Enescu Monica , Alexandru Cătălin
Published: July 2013

This paper presents the design of the user interface for a robotic spraypyrolysis system used in deposition on planar surfaces. The study takes into consideration theoptimization of the control characteristic parameters at the spraying process. CAD software environment is used to design thevirtual model at the robotic system, while RobotStudio is used to develop theuser interface. The design variables for optimization refer tothe spray pyrolysis deposition parameters (the number of passes, the pressureof the carrier gas, the orientation and the velocity of spray nozzle, thetemperature of the substrate). The main purpose of the paper is to obtain materials with controlled properties byspray pyrolysis, using a simple algorithm. The surfaces resulted by spraypyrolysis were analyzed using theAFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) technique.
Improvements on Positional Accuracy by Using Mechatronic Device
Authors: Spanu Alina Rodica , Besnea Daniel , Donţu Octavian G. , Avram Mihai
Published: July 2013

Nowadays, the best positional accuracy has become a greater demand, due to the various technical requirements of the mechatronic systems. The imposed position shoul be found easily and repeatedly. The paper presents a method for controlling the positioning of the robot actuated with electrical motors. After the theoretical position computation, the software for Arduino board should compare the signals sent by the accelerometer with the imposed critical theoretic values. The measuring method takes into account the inertia forces for higher accuracy. The speed variation law for the electric motors provides better positioning, following dynamic conditions.
Particular Aspects on the Dynamics of Hydraulic Driven Robot with Spherical Joints
Authors: Ghenadi Adrian Stelian , Topliceanu Liliana , Bibire Luminita
Published: July 2013

Through the presented variant it is intended, to achieve a new configuration of multiarticulated system. This new conformation, ensure displacement after a spatial trajectory, and it can be successfully used in the construction of industrial robots, but also in the articulated mechanical arm construction for the transport of materials, or manipulation of certain loads, in hardly accessible areas. The proposed solutions for multiarticulated system are viable, some of them already being inspired by literature existing in the field. The original solutions that will be experienced have a good support already in preliminary research results achieved [1,2]. The new multiarticulated system has a high rigidity and the clearance from transmission system is completely eliminated, ensuring premises for obtaining of high accuracy positioning. The structure of the new multiarticulated system is much simplified, and it is concretized by suppleness of the robot arm, leading to reduced the manufacturing costs.
Assisted Research of the Robots Kinematics and Dynamics Behavior with LabVIEW Instrumentation
Authors: Olaru Adrian , Olaru Serban
Published: July 2013

In the industrial robots research one of the most important problem is to know cinematic and dynamic behavior to use them in the optimization process of the 3D space trajectory. Now, in the world, the results of the dynamic behavior research where obtained by research without one complex matrix model and without LabVIEW virtual instrumentation. In this paper it is show one assisted method and mathematical modeling with quadratic 6x6 matrix equations in the theoretical and experimental cinematic and dynamic analyze of didactical robot. For that where realized and used many virtual LabVIEW instruments (VI) and one didactical robot. All VI-s work on-line with the possibility to change some constructive and functional parameters of the structure or of the command low and see what is happened with the position, velocities, accelerations, forces and moments in all robot’s joints It is possible to try different control low of the movements like: simultaneously, successive or successive and simultaneously in all joints. The most important of the results is the possibility to know in every moment what is the better velocity characteristic for the dynamic behavior, validate easily the dynamic model and to know what is the variation of the absolute joint’s moments, forces, accelerations and velocities to can calculate all mechanical parts in each joints.
Dynamics of Adaptive-Mechanical CVT (Gear Variator)
Authors: Ivanov Konstantin Samson , Ualiev Gahip , Ualiev Zair
Published: July 2013

Adaptive-mechanical CVT differs from existing CVT by absence of the hydraulic converter. The transfer mechanism contains the toothed wheels closed contour which provides definability of motion at presence only one entry. Such transfer possesses effect of power adaptation. Change of a moment of resistance leads to change of target angular speed. Dynamics problem consists in definition of parameters of transition from one power regime to another.
Educational Model for the Kinematic Study of Non-Circular Gears
Authors: Ciupitu Liviu
Published: July 2013

The noncircular gears are used more and more in industrial applications. The paper presents an educational test rig for the kinematic study of non-circular gears. Two gears are studied from kinematic theoretically point of view: a gear with identically oval spur gears and another gear with identically elliptical spur gears, and simulation diagrams are presented. As for the testing rig, a gear with identically oval spur gears has been used. The researchers are able to draw with high precision the variation curve of output angle with respect to input angle. By using numerical methods for integration and differentiation other diagrams could be drawn and a comparation with simulation diagrams could be made.
Mathematical Model for the Calculation of Linear Speed for a Water Jet Cutting Machine
Authors: Ferent-Pipas Silvia , Padurean Bogdan , Ciupan Cornel
Published: July 2013

This article is about creating a mathematical model for the calculation of linear speed, of a water jet machine, depending on the thickness of the material, the water pressure, the abrasive rate flow and the required cut quality, in order to justify the cutting costs of a water jet machine that are directly proportional with the necessary cutting time. Finding the cutting speed, it can be find the necessary time for the cutting, and so, the resulting costs for the process. The optimization of the process, after some minimize and maximize criteria is also presented in this article.
Automatic Manipulation of Parts Made from Yielding Material
Authors: Slamka Ján , Jedinák Michal , Tolnay Marian , Bachraty Michal , Ondrej Staš
Published: July 2013

The goal of the presented research in this theses is acquiring a concept while researching the process of manipulating with materials in the shape of a thin rectangular metal sheets. The gained results from the FEM calculation have a graphic output, on which the dimensions of the observed object, the placement of the suction grippers and a colored course of elastic deformation and stress caused are illustrated throughout the metal sheet. The design and its process contribute to making the job of the constructor while designing suction grippers, more effective and simple. The results from the experiment and the simulation, where processed through statistical evaluation and as a result the coefficients were corrected for optimal simulation.
Raw Material Stock Analysis in a Supply Chain
Authors: Campean Emilia , Morar Liviu , Blaga Lucia , Pap Stefan , Gelmereanu Cristian
Published: July 2013

Between regularity of production, selling goods and regularity of supply units need to be a perfect timing and a perfect collaboration. The paper presents the policies that can occur in each production systems, and the benefits that can be obtained from the collaboration between the systems elements. The competitive advantage is ensured through the harmonization of the three processes of the company and through the integration of the logistics chain of all upstream and downstream organizations in order to ensure a high level of consumer service at economical costs.
Dimensional Compensation in Stern Tube Bushes Machining
Authors: Frumuşanu Gabriel Radu , Epureanu Alexandru
Published: July 2013

Among the manufacturing operations required to be realized into the shipbuilding domain, stern tube bushes machining is one of the most sensible, because it has a high influence onto the good functioning of the ship propulsion system in time. On one hand, problems may appear, because we are talking about parts with very large dimensions, which are finally machined after their assembly, by welding, on the ship hull. On the other hand, additional dimensional deviations may occur, caused by ship body thermal or mechanical induced deformations. Both these deviations can be simultaneously compensated, at least in part, by using a dimensional control system of the machining process, which is programmed to generate a surface (different from the target inner surface of the bushes) that only after its machining and inherent deformation becomes cylindrical and coaxial to the propeller line. In this paper, we present solutions based on linear regression or on neural networks for finding the model of dimensional deviation of the real surface relative the target surface.
Contribution to Mathematical Modelling of Oil Field Data
Authors: Valis David , Zak Libor , Glos Josef , Walek Agata
Published: July 2013

The paper deals with application of selected suitable analytical methods use to analyse field data from medium off-road military vehicles. Some pieces of information from oil are interpreted thank to diagnostics in form of polluting particles. Such particles represent processes in the engine like wear (e.g. Fe, Cu, Pb, etc.) and oil condition (like e.g. Mn, Si, Zn, etc.). These particles can give us information both about system state and about oil state. Thank to good recording system we have data from field operation available. Therefore we decided to use selected analytical – algebraic methods for determining the specific particles generating trend. Based on the outcomes we hope to be able to determine the system condition (e.g. residual operation life, maintenance modifications in the intervals, etc.). Selected methods like regression analysis, base functions and fuzzy inference system will be used for the data assessment. The results itself might be beneficial in other forthcoming analysis like quality, risk and dependability management processes, e.g. for optimization during an operation and maintenance phase, logistics and spare parts planning, life cycle costing, mission planning, etc.