bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solver-In-The-Loop Cluster Resource Management for Database-as-a-Service
Authors: König Arnd Christian , Shan Yi , Newatia Karan , Marshall Luke , Narasayya Vivek
Published: December 2023

In Database-as-a-Service (DBaaS) clusters, resource management is a complex optimization problem that assigns tenants to nodes, subject to various constraints and objectives. Tenants share resources within a node, however, their resource demands can change over time and exhibit high variance. As tenants may accumulate large state, moving them to a different node becomes disruptive, making intelligent placement decisions crucial to avoid service disruption. Placement decisions need to account for dynamic changes in tenant resource demands, different causes of service disruption, and various placement constraints, giving rise to a complex search space.

In this paper, we show how to bring combinatorial solvers to bear on this problem, formulating the objective of minimizing service disruption as an optimization problem amenable to fast solutions. We implemented our approach in the Service Fabric cluster manager codebase. Experiments show significant reductions in constraint violations and tenant moves, compared to the previous state-of-the-art, including the unmodified Service Fabric cluster manager, as well as recent research on DBaaS tenant placement.
Catalyst: Optimizing Cache Management for Large In-memory Key-value Systems
Authors: Wang Kefei , Chen Feng
Published: December 2023

In-memory key-value cache systems, such as Memcached and Redis, are essential in today's data centers. A key mission of such cache systems is to identify the most valuable data for caching. To achieve this, the current system design keeps track of each key-value item's access and attempts to make accurate estimation on its temporal locality. All it aims is to achieve the highest cache hit ratio. However, as cache capacity quickly increases, the overhead of managing metadata for a massive amount of small key-value items rises to an unbearable level. Put it simply, the current fine-grained, heavy-cost approach cannot continue to scale.

In this paper, we have performed an experimental study on the scalability challenge of the current key-value cache system design and quantitatively analyzed the inherent issues related to the metadata operations for cache management. We further propose a key-value cache management scheme, called
Catalyst
, based on a highly efficient metadata structure, which allows us to make effective caching decisions in a scalable way. By offloading non-essential metadata operations to GPU, we can further dedicate the limited CPU and memory resources to the main service operations for improved throughput and latency. We have developed a prototype based on Memcached. Our experimental results show that our scheme can significantly enhance the scalability and improve the cache system performance by a factor of up to 4.3.
Clinical specificity of two assays for immunoglobulin kappa and lambda free light chains
Authors: Farnsworth Christopher W. , Roemmich Brittany , Spears Grant M. , Murray David L. , Dispenzieri Angela , Willrich Maria Alice V.
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Free light chain (FLC) assays and the ratio of κ/λ are recommended for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD). Limited data exists on FLC clinical specificity in patients diagnosed with other conditions.

Methods

We assessed the κ, λ, and κ/λ FLC ratio using the FreeLite assay and the Sebia FLC ELISA assay in 176 patients with clinical presentations of fatigue, anemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, joint disorders, kidney disease and non PCD-cancers with no monoclonal protein observed on serum protein electrophoresis or MASS-FIX immunoglobulin isotyping. Manufacturer defined reference intervals (RI) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) specific RI (renal RI) were utilized.

Results

For the κ/λ ratio, 68.7 % (121/176) of specimens on the FreeLite and 87.5 % (154/176) of specimens on the Sebia assay were within RI. For κ, 68.2 % (120/176) and 72.2 % (127/176) of results were outside RI for FreeLite and Sebia respectively. For λ, 37.5 % (66/176) and 84.1 % (148/176) of FreeLite and Sebia results were outside RI. With FreeLite and Sebia, patients with kidney disease (n=25) had the highest κ/λ ratios. 44 patients (25.0 %) had GFR <60 mL/min/BSA. When renal RI were applied, 13.6 % had a FLCr outside the renal RI with FreeLite, and 4.5 % with Sebia.

Conclusions

In a cohort of patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of PCDs, but ultimately diagnosed with other conditions, Sebia FLC had improved clinical specificity relative to FreeLite, if one was using an abnormal κ/λ ratio as a surrogate for monoclonality.
Analyse der webbasierten Kommunikation von Informationen und Verhaltensempfehlungen der Bundesregierung zur Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Schaeffer Anja , Yetim Fahri
Published: December 2023

Die Online-Kommunikation der staatlichen Organe wie der Bundesregierung kommt in Zeiten der Corona-Pandemie eine besondere Relevanz zu, da sie – ihrer Informationspflicht entsprechend – den Bürgern in Krisenzeiten durch verlässliche Informationen und Verhaltensempfehlungen Orientierung geben müssen. Diese Studie analysiert, die Online-Kommunikation von Informationen und Verhaltensempfehlungen der Bundesregierung über ihre Website zur Covid-19-Pandemie, um zu verstehen, wie die Bürger die Informationen, Interaktionsmöglichkeiten mit der Website und Verhaltensempfehlungen wahrnehmen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Online-Befragung durchgeführt, die sich an ausgewählten Kriterien der angemessenen Kommunikation aus einer kommunikationstheoretischen Perspektive orientierte. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Mehrheit der Befragten die kommunizierten Inhalte, Interaktionen und Verhaltensempfehlungen auf der Website der Bundesregierung gemäß den hier berücksichtigten Kriterien in zufriedenstellendem Maße erfüllt wahrgenommen hat. Aus der Befragung geht zudem hervor, dass bei der Kommunikation von Inhalten und Handlungsempfehlungen ein stärkerer Fokus auf Werte wie Freiheit, Solidarität oder Mitbestimmung gewünscht wird.
Clinical application of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Stoecklein Nikolas H. , Oles Julia , Franken Andre , Neubauer Hans , Terstappen Leon W.M.M. , Neves Rui P.L.
Published: December 2023

This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of circulating tumor cell (CTC) analysis and its clinical significance in patients with epithelial cancers. The review explores the advancements in CTC detection methods, their clinical applications, and the challenges that lie ahead. By examining the important research findings in this field, this review offers the reader a solid foundation to understand the evolving landscape of CTC analysis and its potential implications for clinical practice. The comprehensive analysis of CTCs provides valuable insights into tumor biology, treatment response, minimal residual disease detection, and prognostic evaluation. Furthermore, the review highlights the potential of CTCs as a non-invasive biomarker for personalized medicine and the monitoring of treatment efficacy. Despite the progress made in CTC research, several challenges such as standardization, validation, and integration into routine clinical practice remain. The review concludes by discussing future directions and the potential impact of CTC analysis on improving patient outcomes and guiding therapeutic decision-making in epithelial cancers.
Should You Use GARCH Models for Forecasting Volatility? A Comparison to GRU Neural Networks
Authors: Pallotta Alberto , Ciciretti Vito
Published: December 2023

The GARCH model is the most used technique for forecasting conditional volatility. However, the nearly integrated behaviour of the conditional variance originates from structural changes which are not accounted for by standard GARCH models. We compare the forecasting performance of the GARCH model to three regime switching models: namely, the Markov Switching GARCH, the Hidden Markov Model, and the Gated Recurrent Unit neural network. We define the number of optimal states by means of three methods: piecewise linear regression, Baum–Welch algorithm and Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Since forecasting volatility models face the bias-variance trade-off, we compare their out-of-sample forecasting performance via a walk-forward methodology. Moreover, we provide a robustness check for the results by applying k-fold cross-validation to the original time series. The Gated Recurrent Unit network is the best suited for volatility forecasting, while the Hidden Markov Model is the best at discerning the market regimes.
Von toxischen Substanzen und toxischer Männlichkeit. Eine korpuspragmatische Studie zur Erschließung eines Gegenwartsphänomens
Authors: Hoffmeister Toke
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the phenomenon of labeling something as toxic. In social media, one often reads about toxic masculinity or toxic relationships and the like. Therefore, the question is addressed whether this is a singular phenomenon for social media or whether labeling something as toxic also affects other domains. First, the historical development since the 19th century is outlined. Then, the DWDS newspaper and reference corpus is evaluated based on a corpus-pragmatic methodology to break down the dimensions of meaning and usage in the context of different usage domains. The end result is thus a comprehensive analysis of writing about toxicity and its metaphorizations, which is finally interpreted and understood as a contemporary phenomenon.
Zweitspracherwerb der präpositionalen Kasusrektion albanischsprachiger DaZ-Lerner
Authors: Selmani Lirim
Published: December 2023

The present article examines the second language acquisition of prepositional case in German by primary school children whose first language is Albanian. I have conducted an experiment in which I examined how case within PPs is acquired and used. My study shows that the children have difficulties regarding the prepositional case marking. There is no difference between the error rate of prepositional accusative and dative. Furthermore, there is no difference among the case markings of the two-way prepositions which appears semantically driven in German with dative and accusative and the one-way prepositions which appears either with the dative or accusative. It will be argued that the morphological opacity within nominal phrases as parts of prepositional phrases in German makes the acquisition of prepositional case system difficult.
Kell nekünk régió? Gondolatok Tóth József pécsi geográfus örökségéről
Authors:   University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Pap Norbert
Published: December 2023

This essay is about the intellectual legacy of József Tóth, professor of geography at the University of Pécs. The main topics we have attempted to assess are regionalism in Hungary, the tasks of geography, the local, regional and international tasks of the University of Pécs, the Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences in Pécs, and the operation of the Doctoral School of Earth Sciences. The author has based his research on his personal experiences as a student and staff member, as well as on interviews and written sources. The paper presents the timeless achievements of József Tóth’s work, the training portfolio, the university integration, the development of the Faculty of Sciences, and the establishment of the Doctoral School of Earth Sciences, approaching the issue from the perspective of sustainability.
The Impact of Patient Suicide on Clinicians
Authors: Downey Jennifer I. , Alfonso César A.
Published: December 2023

The experience of patient suicide on clinicians is associated with complex affective states that include grief, guilt, shame, and fear and distressing subjective experiences of incompetence and helplessness. The authors review the literature of the subject and highlight the work of Rajagopalan and colleagues in Singapore, who implemented a one-time reflective group session to help clinicians process the experience of patient suicide to reduce psychological distress and prevent burnout and moral injury.
Psychodynamic Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis in Indonesia
Authors: Elvira Sylvia D. , Lukman Petrin R. , Sutanto Limas , Almasyhur Alfi F.
Published: December 2023

Indonesia, a country with a vast population of approximately 275 million people on over 17,000 islands, currently has 1,221 psychiatrists nationwide. Psychodynamic psychiatry and psychoanalysis are integral to the practice of psychiatry in Indonesia, primarily because of the charismatic influence of Bachtiar Lubis, who trained in Canada in the early 1960s. Upon his return to Indonesia, Bachtiar Lubis supervised a generation of psychiatrists, including two of this article's authors, who carried on his pedagogical work. The psychodynamic model and treatments have faced obstacles limiting their acceptance in Indonesia, including importing a Western model that has not been culturally adapted to treat patients in the East, the stigma of mental illness in local communities, and the complex comorbidities of persons who seek psychiatric care. Psychodynamic psychotherapy in Indonesia is presently taught in university-based residency programs for eight semesters. A psychodynamic psychotherapy competency-based curriculum was adopted nationwide. The dissemination of psychotherapy knowledge and skills is greatly assisted by an active psychiatric professional association—the Indonesian Psychiatric Association Psychotherapy Section, a member society of the World Federation for Psychotherapy. The authors propose international and regional academic collaborations to maintain enthusiasm among trainees and improve quality of care.
O nacionalismo somali e as instabilidades regionais no Chifre da África
Authors: Honório Horn Thaís , Ziebell de Oliveira Guilherme
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo geral compreender a relação entre o desenvolvimento do nacionalismo somali e algumas das principais instabilidades políticas e securitárias da região do Chifre da África. Baseado nas semelhanças entre as tribos somalis e, consequentemente, nas diferenças entre os somalis e os demais povos da região, o nacionalismo somali se coloca como uma importante variável no contexto regional. Assim, após analisar a Guerra de Ogaden, a ascensão do grupo Al Shabaab e a instauração da Missão da União Africana para a Somália, conclui-se que podem ser vistos nesses eventos diversos elementos do nacionalismo somali, tanto de forma direta como de forma indireta.
O imaginário anticomunista de Plínio Salgado no Manifesto de maio
Authors: Schargel Sergio
Published: December 2023

O Integralismo, como demais fascismos, é repleto de imaginários. Imagens e signos a que o movimento historicamente lançou mão para construir a coesão argumentativa. Entre eles, talvez a principal seja o anticomunismo, elo de ligação entre o reacionarismo, autoritarismo, nacionalismo e populismo, os quatro conceitos que formam o fascismo. Este trabalho se propõe a discutir, através de um referencial teórico sobre Integralismo, fascismo e imaginário, contendo autores como Robert Paxton, Leandro Gonçalves, Denise Siqueira e Euler Siqueira, a construção do espantalho comunista no Integralismo. Através deste exercício hermenêutico, será possível compreender como o imaginário da paranoia comunista finca raízes no Brasil, e ampliar o estado da arte ao mostrar como este tipo de retórica é secular no país. Para isso, será tomado como objeto o Manifesto de maio, material no qual Plínio Salgado busca uma trégua com o Estado Novo após a tentativa frustrada do Levante de 1938, para combater o comunismo, mal maior. Por fim, o trabalho se propõe a responder a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: de que forma Salgado constrói o imaginário do anticomunismo no Manifesto de maio, e por que o faz?
Regime do partido único na Guiné-Bissau
Authors: Anós Té Paulo , Candé Monteiro Artemisa Odila
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo visa analisar o estabelecimento do regime do partido único na Guiné-Bissau entre 1973-1991, focando nos argumentos apresentados para a sua adoção. O regime foi criado pelos líderes de luta de libertação nacional associados ao partido de massa, porém, no período pós-independência operou num quadro autoritário, eliminando a oposição juvenil em nome da unidade nacional. Adota-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica através da revisão da literatura sobre a fase monopartidária na Guiné-Bissau, tendo feito o corpus para a compreensão do problema em análise. Antes de tudo, indaga-se: quais argumentos foram apresentados para justificar o regime do partido único no contexto africano e, sobretudo, na Guiné-Bissau? A que se deve o seu fracasso? Quais elementos a serem considerados para avaliar a governação do partido único? Para responder tais questionamentos, parte-se de três elementos: a construção da nação, a estabilidade política e também a econômica. Portanto, a adoção ao regime do partido único foi acompanhada pela política da unanimidade e não de consenso marcado por quadros econômicos e políticos falhados.
Análise da Accountability Horizontal no Estado Angolano
Authors: Quintas Orlando Pedro , Silva José Manuel Mussunda da
Published: December 2023

O artigo faz uma análise das formas de accountability horizontal no Estado angolano, ou seja , o sistema de controlo efetivo entre os órgãos de Estado. O mote da reflexão foram os últimos escândalos de corrupção que grassam inclusivamente a órgãos pertencentes ao sistema de justiça que é o caso de juízes dos tribunais superiores, bem como na administração pública e as excessivas adjudicações directas do presidente da república. O artigo justifica-se pelo fato de que existe uma escassez na literatura lusófona sobre accountability e também porque a conjuntura política atual demanda uma redução aos níveis de corrupção e impunidade, para dar lugar a responsabilização, transparência e prestação de contas. Utiliza-se o método, quali-quantitativo que permite ao investigador fazer afirmações de percepções com base na experiência individuais, sociais políticas e históricas, bem como mensurar algumas inferências por meio de dados já existentes ou tabulados pelo próprio autor.. A técnica de investigação foi a revisão bibliográfica que se constituiu no amplo levantamento das fontes teóricas na análise de obras e documentos. Igualmente, foram utilizados dados existentes dos inquéritos do Transparency International e Afrobarometer.
Mental Health of Nurses Employed in Surgical and Non-invasive Treatment Wards
Authors: Skuzińska Anna
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The nursing profession requires employees to be highly resistant to stress. Assisting patients in their experience of pain, illness, helplessness is a stressful experience can be a traumatic experience especially in the face of an immediate threat to a patient’s life. Nursing staff working in treatment wards is exposed to particularly intense stress, in contact with a patient experiencing fear of a surgery and a patient after a surgery experiencing postoperative pain and requiring specialist care.

Aim. The exploratory goal of the study was to diagnose the level of mental health in case of the nurses working in two types of wards: surgical and non-invasive treatment ones. The nurses working in hospital non-invasive treatment wards were expected to have better mental health than the ones working in treatment units.

Material and Methods. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among N=244 nurses of randomly selected hospital wards in a district town in the north of Poland. In the study there were used: General Health Questionnaire GHQ-28 by D. Goldberg and Life Satisfaction Scale by E. Diener and co-workers.

Results. Contrary to the expectations, nurses from non-invasive treatment wards experienced stronger anxiety, insomnia, social dysfunction and lower life satisfaction than their colleagues from surgical units.

Conclusions. Counter to the intuitively imposing image of the work of a nurse in various types of hospital wards, professional burden and mental condition, the need for mental health prevention of nursing staff applies primarily to staff employed in non-invasive treatment wards. With the aging of the population, it is becoming increasingly important to equip these nurses with the skills to cope with prolonged exposure to occupational stressors. (JNNN 2023;12(2):69–73)
The Burden on Caregivers of the Elderly to Care for Patients with Nervous System Diseases
Authors: Biercewicz Monika , Główczewska-Siedlecka Emilia , Fidecki Wiesław , Wysokiński Mariusz , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Previous studies have shown that the level of care burden depends primarily on the mental state and functional ability of patients, i.e. on factors on the patient’s part. Other reports point to factors also related to the caregiver.

Aim. The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of selected factors on the burden on informal caregivers in caring for geriatric patients with nervous system diseases.

Material and Methods. The research was conducted at the Geriatrics Clinic of the University Hospital no. 1 of Dr A. Jurasz in Bydgoszcz on a group of 117 informal caregivers and 117 patients with nervous system diseases under their care at home. The prospective studies used survey techniques as well as observation and measurement. The Negative Impact of Care Scale (NIC) included in the COPE-index was used to assess the caregiver’s burden with care. The Barthel scale and Lawton’s IADL scale were used to assess patients’ deficits in basic activities of daily living. To assess the intensity of depression symptoms in older people, the Geriatric Depression Scale — GDS was used.

Results. The socio-demographic factors determining caregiver burden (NIC) include: caregiver’s age (p=0.00), place of care (p=0.03), caregiver’s self-assessment of health (p=0.00) and experience in providing care (p=0.03). However, there was no significant (p>0.05) impact of variables such as gender, place of residence, marital status, caregiver’s education and degree of relationship with the patient on the burden of care. The analysis also showed that caregivers feel a negative overload in connection with caring for a patient with a functional impairment (BI and IADL p=0.01) and with vascular disease and dementia (p=0.01).

Conclusions. More than half of the surveyed caregivers show a high degree of burden in caring for geriatric patients with nervous system diseases. Caregiver burden is determined by the following factors: the age of the caregiver, the place of care, the caregiver’s self-assessment of health and the experience of providing care. Caregivers feel a negative overload due to caring for patients with functional deficits, vascular disease and dementia. (JNNN 2023;12(2):84–91)
Sex Differences in Low-Level Multisensory Integration in Developmental Dyslexia
Authors: Glica Agnieszka , Wasilewska Katarzyna , Kossowski Bartosz , Żygierewicz Jarosław , Jednoróg Katarzyna
Published: December 2023

Reading acquisition involves the integration of auditory and visual stimuli. Thus, low-level audiovisual multisensory integration might contribute to disrupted reading in developmental dyslexia. Although dyslexia is more frequently diagnosed in males and emerging evidence indicates that the neural basis of dyslexia might differ between sexes, previous studies examining multisensory integration did not evaluate potential sex differences nor tested its neural correlates. In the current study on 88 adolescents and young adults, we found that only males with dyslexia showed a deficit in multisensory integration of simple nonlinguistic stimuli. At the neural level, both females and males with dyslexia presented smaller differences in response to multisensory compared to those in response to unisensory conditions in the N1 and N2 components (early components of event-related potentials associated with sensory processing) than the control group. Additionally, in a subsample of 80 participants matched for nonverbal IQ, only males with dyslexia exhibited smaller differences in the left hemisphere in response to multisensory compared to those in response to unisensory conditions in the N1 component. Our study indicates that deficits of multisensory integration seem to be more severe in males than females with dyslexia. This provides important insights into sex-modulated cognitive processes that might confer vulnerability to reading difficulties.
Academic Navel-Gazing: Debating Globalization as the Planet Burns
Authors: Darian-Smith Eve
Published: December 2023

Since the 1990s, scholars in the Euro-American academy have debated and analyzed the causes and consequences of globalization. However, in the dominant and most cited literature, scholars have rarely engaged with globalization’s relationship to nature and the resulting process of global warming, environmental degradation, mass extinction of biodiversity, and related climate injustices. If scholars do refer to the environment at all, it is usually in vague terms of “sustainability” needed to maintain the neoliberal logics of the status quo. This essay engages with the lack of serious attention in the literature on globalization with ecological devastation leading to our current era of imminent planetary collapse. I reflect on why this has been the case and ask what the silence on nature suggests in terms of the politics of scholarly production. I argue that scholars of globalization predominantly reflect a Eurocentric and anthropocentric perspective informed by Enlightenment thought that includes a human/nature binary and the logics of progress, modernity, and resource extractivism. This blinkered worldview both assumes the dominance of Western-based scholarship and precludes an urgent need to think more holistically about humanity’s deeply entangled global futures with more-than-human worlds. I conclude that this dominant northern worldview and its embedded limitations herald the looming irrelevancy of globalization theory produced within the Euro-American academy.
Combined use of natural polymers (chitosan and humic acid) for treatment of Ni tailings containing fine particulate material
Authors:   Technological University of Peru, Boulevard Tacna y Arica 160, Cercado, Arequica 04001, Peru, Velarde P. , França S. ,   Mineral Technology Center, Boulevard Pedro Calmon 900, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-908, Brazil, Brocchi E. ,   Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Souza R. ,   Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro
Published: December 2023

Dewatering unit operations are essential steps in mineral processing routes to obtain materials with high levels of solid content (60-70 wt.%). Polymers have been used for coagulation and flocculation in wastewater treatment for many years, and its application is mostly based on the ad- sorption mechanisms. In the case of fine nickel ore tailings, wastewaters typically contain large amounts of particles within microscale (d50 = 9.5 μm). The use of flocculant polymers, mostly poly- 18 acrylamides, acts to remove colloids from these effluents. Environmentally friendly natural poly- 19 mers, such as chitosan and humic acid, when used combined can be a highly effective reagent for 20 the treatment of these tailings. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of these 21 natural polymers in the treatment of wastewater containing colloidal material to adequate the fine 22 particles content to less than 50 NTU, satisfying environmental standards. Particle removal effi- 23 ciency was calculated based on turbidity on wastewater as well as on thickener overflow. For fine 24 nickel tailings containing 2.15% (wt./vl.), a mixture of chitosan/humic acid of 24.9/6.3 g/t at pH=6.7 25 achieved a sedimentation of 95 wt.%. The turbidity was reduced to 40 NTU, motivating the use of 26 this technique to adequate wastewater to water reuse.
Effect thickness of copper oxide thin films on structural, optical, electrical, and hydrophobic properties for use in self-cleaning technique
Authors:   Physico Chemistry of Surfaces and interfaces Research Laboratory (LRPCSI) ,University 20 august 1955-Skikda, P.B. 26, Road d’El-Hadaiek, 21000, Skikda, Algeria, Zerouali M. , Daïra R. ,   Physico Chemistry of Surfaces and interfaces Research Laboratory (LRPCSI) ,University 20 august 1955-Skikda, P.B. 26, Road d’El-Hadaiek, 21000, Skikda, Algeria, Boudjema B. ,   Physico Chemistry of Surfaces and interfaces Research Laboratory (LRPCSI) ,University 20 august 1955-Skikda, P.B. 26, Road d’El-Hadaiek, 21000, Skikda, Algeria, Barillé R. ,   MOLTECH-Anjou, University of Angers/UMR CNRS 6200, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France, Bouras D. ,   Laboratory of Active Components and Materials, University of Oum El Bouagh, Oum El Bouaghi, 04000, Algeria, Iaiche S. ,   LASPI²A, University Abbes Laghrour – Khenchela 40000,Algeria
Published: December 2023

In this work, copper oxide thin films were deposited by pneumatic spray pyrolysis method on a microscopy glass substrate, heated at 400°C for different deposition times (5min, 10min, 15min, 20min,25min, and 30min) using a 0.1M of precursor concentration. These films are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), spectroscopic ellipsometry, UV-visible spectroscopy, four points method, and water contact angle. According to the XRD, all peaks confirm the formation of the phase tenorite of the monoclinic structure. The deposited were polycrystalline copper oxide CuO with directions along (111) plane, the crystallites size between 14 and 23 nm. FTIR spectroscopy confirms the presence of the CuO phase and agrees that it will result in XRD. From the transmission spectra, the average transmission between 400 and 800nm is 65% to 50%, and the gap energy is 2.65 eV to 1.09 eV. The water contact angle values in all samples are greater than 90° and range from 96.4° to 103.2°, as we can see from these results that all the samples are hydrophobic films.
Characterizations of sprayed TiO2 and Cu doped TiO2 thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis method
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Jasim F. H. , Shakir H. R. ,   Department of Optometry, Technical Medical Institute - Al-Mansur, Middle Technical University, Iraq., Chiad S. S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Habubi N. F. ,   Department of Radiation and Sonar Technologies, Alnukhba University College, Iraq, Mosa Z. S. A. ,   Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College for Medical Science, Iraq, Kadhim Y. H. ,   Department of Optics Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq, Jadan M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2023

TiO2 and TiO2:Cu films were deposited by spray pyrolysis (SP). X-ray diffraction reveals that deposited films have a polycrystalline structural. The AFM image of the surface reveals that roughness and root mean square affected by doping. Optical transmission of films was found to decrease from 94 % to 84 % with the as the doping percentage increase to 3. Optical bandgap (Eg) of TiO2 thin film was 3.947eV. The bandgap is shifted to lower energies upon doping.
Preparation and tribological properties of GO supported MoO3 composite nanomaterials
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu Province, China, Li H. , Hou Z. P. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu Province, China, Zhang X. H. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu Province, China
Published: December 2023

The MoO3/GO composites were synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The performance of these composites as lubricating oil additives was investigated by a multifunctional friction testing machine. And the lubrication mechanism of MoO3/GO in base oil was discussed based on SEM and EDS test data. The results demonstrate that MoO3/GO composites as additives exhibit excellent anti-friction and anti-wear properties. This is mainly due to the synergistic effect between the lubricating film formed by the composite material on the wear surface and the self-healing ability of nano-MoO3, which can effectively fill and repair wear scars while reducing friction and wear on the steel disc surface.
The construction of CdxZn1-xS-based photocatalysts for enhanced hydrogen generation
Authors:   College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China, Li K. Y. , Zhou Y. ,   College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China, Wang H. Y. ,   Jiaxing Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314001, China, Zhou L. K. ,   College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China, Zhang S. P. ,   College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China, Lian Y. ,   College of Material and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
Published: December 2023

CdxZn1-xS (x=0~1) solid solution photocatalyst with different morphologies was synthesized by solvothermal method using ethylenediamine as solvent. The light absorption of the photocatalyst was varied by changing the morphology and electronic band structure to allow strong visible light response for hydrogen generation. The results showed that the optimum sample Cd0.5Zn0.5S showed a high hydrogen production rate of 2531.3 μmol·g-1 ·h-1 with lactic acid as sacrificial agent. Loading with NiS by solvothermal method further improves the hydrogen production performance. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of NiS/Cd0.5Zn0.5S is 4547.5 μmol·g-1 ·h-1 , which is 1.80 times that of pure Cd0.5Zn0.5S. The mechanism of hydrogen production by NiS/Cd0.5Zn0.5S is also discussed.
Acerca del derecho a la educación superior en México. Una perspectiva desde los retos e interacciones en el derecho constitucional y la administración pública en el Estado Mexicano
Authors: Martínez Valencia Gibran José
Published: December 2023

Este artículo de investigación tiene un carácter descriptivo y su objetivo general es referir algunos de los retos que enfrenta el derecho constitucional y la administración pública frente a la materialización del derecho a la educación superior en México.

     Es así que la presente investigación insta a debatir y reflexionar sobre la naturaleza de los retos que enfrenta la administración pública para garantizar un acceso universal a la educación superior en el Estado mexicano.

      En atención a tal supuesto, se sostiene que el crear políticas públicas en materia de derecho a la educación superior puede coadyuvar a la administración pública para concretar este derecho en México.

       Para ello, el enfoque metodológico empleado es el cualitativo desde una postura epistemológica constructivista compleja. En atención a tal circunstancia, se utilizaron los métodos analítico, comparativo y descriptivo, así como técnicas de investigación indirectas, consistentes en revisión biblio-hemerográfica, dentro de la cual se destacan libros y artículos científicos.
Regulación Constitucional: Control Difuso de Convencionalidad como Obligatorio en México
Authors: Rodríguez García Tlexochtli Rocío
Published: December 2023

Esta investigación tiene como propósito implementar como estándar obligatorio en la regulación Constitucional el “modelo de control difuso de convencionalidad o constitucionalidad”, cuyos lineamientos se establecieron por el Pleno de nuestra Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación en la tesis aislada número LXIX/2011 el día 14 de julio de 2011, donde menciona los lineamientos a seguir en el control de constitucionalidad y convencionalidad ex officio en materia de Derechos Humanos. Lineamientos que toda autoridad de acuerdo con su competencia debe llevarlos, esto con el fin de otorgar una protección más amplia para las partes que forman una controversia llevada en juicio y sea más eficiente y objetiva, para que desde el inicio se vea una ponderación de interpretación con base a los derechos humanos que se observe en el juicio por sus características. Con la aplicación del modelo de control difuso de convencionalidad se debe llegar a un caso en concreto por resolver, en el que los juzgadores mejorarán su perspectiva y les dará conocimiento más especializado en cuanto a los derechos humanos, que establece el artículo 133 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos
Las crisis cíclicas de Líbano y el papel de España: 2005 - 2009
Authors: BARROSO SÁNCHEZ Roberto
Published: December 2023

Desde 2005, las crisis cíclicas que vive Líbano amenazan la estabilidad de la región. La diplomacia española ha jugado un importante papel desde entonces. Los Ministros de Exteriores italiano, Massimo D´Alema; francés, Bernard Kouchner; y español, Miguel Ángel Moratinos, encabezaron las mediaciones entre el Gobierno libanés y la oposición. Aunque los esfuerzos realizados no resolvieron la crisis, la diplomacia española se presenta como un interlocutor único en la región gracias a sus buenas relaciones con Siria. Acabar con las tensiones en los países árabes es imprescindible para poder hacer frente a un proceso de paz en Oriente Medio. El papel de España es fundamental para aunar posiciones entre los diferentes actores políticos, especialmente el régimen sirio.
La reinvención del nexo migración y desarrollo desde el Sur de Europa: el caso de Ecuador y España
Authors: CORTÉS MAISONAVE Almudena
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo analiza, a partir de datos etnográficos, la reinvención del nexo de la migración y el desarrollo como una política europea, impulsada desde el Sur de Europa. En este sentido, España ha desempeñado un papel protagonista, coincidiendo con dos elementos claves: su configuración como país de inmigración, y la creciente llegada de flujos migratorios. Para entender la reinvención política del nexo de la migración y el desarrollo, es necesario contextualizar su surgimiento en la evolución del sistema migratorio europeo, así como en la latinoamericanización de los flujos que han llegado a España. Finalmente, se presta atención a uno de los casos más importantes para poder entender la configuración de la migración y el desarrollo como un área política de intervención: el caso las remesas entre Ecuador y España.
La violencia de la construcción de la paz neoliberal en África: analizando sus “trampas” a través de una lente de género
Authors: HUDSON Heidi
Published: December 2023

Casi la mitad de los acuerdos de paz fracasan durante los cinco primeros años de implementación. Cuando esto sucede, hay una tendencia a culpabilizar en exclusiva a los actores locales, en lugar de cuestionar también el impacto de la intervención exterior.  Esta omisión tiene serias consecuencias para la seguridad de grupos marginados, como las mujeres y niñas. En África, lo que han ganado las mujeres después del conflicto queda lastrado por los altos niveles de violencia de género. El artículo afirma que existe una correlación directa entre los fallos de la construcción de la paz neoliberal en general, y el modo “liberal” en que el género se integra en las sociedades post-conflicto. Los enfoques inapropiados de las políticas de género pueden contribuir a la violencia estructural. El objetivo de esta aportación es cuestionar el modo en que los actores internacionales estructuran los procesos de paz y los elementos constitutivos de género. El artículo empieza con una crítica de la construcción de la paz neoliberal, para después centrarse en la crítica feminista a estos procesos y presta atención especial a los conceptos de agencia, local, protección y representación. Concluye ofreciendo algunas reflexiones desde una alternativa crítica feminista, más atenta a las relaciones de poder y mejor reflejo de la interpretación original de la seguridad humana no vinculada al estado.
Presiones y decisiones en política exterior: dos momentos de México ante el conflicto árabe-israelí
Authors: MAGAÑA DUPLANCHER Arturo
Published: December 2023

Caracterizar a la política de México hacia el conflicto árabe- israelí como ambigua, ambivalente, indefinida o distante es un error. En dos momentos especialmente álgidos del conflicto, es evidente que la acción independiente y concertada de grupos de presión y actores transnacionales con claras simpatías por uno u otro de los bandos en pugna presionaron al gobierno mexicano e intentaron influir en su política al respecto. En este artículo se discute y se pone en perspectiva histórica, tomando como estudio de caso el de México y su política hacia el Medio Oriente, la influencia de los actores no estatales internos y externos en la formulación de la política exterior.
La construcción social de los derechos humanos internacionales
Authors: DONNELLY Jack
Published: December 2023

Este capítulo, revisado y actualizado a comienzos de 2011, analiza el modo en que los derechos humanos se han construido e integrado en la agenda política internacional desde mediados del siglo XX. Este análisis busca contextualizar algunos de los debates suscitados en el ámbito de los derechos humanos recientemente. Lo hace partiendo de la comprensión de la función de los derechos humanos como instrumentos para la defensa de la dignidad humana frente a las prácticas de los agentes que la amenazan. En este sentido es posible, a día de hoy y de cara al futuro, argumentar su plena validez basándose en su propia condición de construcción social, cuya naturaleza es contingente, y está vinculada a las formas en que se entiende  la propia dignidad humana, y el papel del estado como principal garante y fuente de amenazas para los derechos humanos individuales.
Las causas de la guerra Etiope-Somalí de 2006
Authors: MULUGETA Kidist
Published: December 2023

Somalia y Etiopía se embarcaron en tres conflictos mutuamente destructivos en cinco décadas. Puede decirse que en diciembre de 2006 una combinación de razones condujo a Etiopía y Somalia hacia la guerra, incluyendo consideraciones internas de ambos estados, tales como aspiraciones territoriales, resolución de problemas internos, la amenaza del fundamentalismo islámico, la intervención de fuerzas externas y los intereses y políticas de otros estados, tales como Eritrea. Debido a estas causas, Etiopía emprendió una campaña militar contra la Unión de Cortes Islámicas (UCI), la cual, en parte confiada por su victoria sobre los señores de la guerra y por su relativa buena aceptación entre los somalíes, erró en sus cálculos al enfrentarse a las fuerzas etíopes, mucho mayores que las suyas y mejor preparadas para la batalla. Además, Estados Unidos desempeñó un papel en el estallido de la guerra, dada su política orientada a contrarrestar elementos de al-Qaeda, que aparentemente mantenían vínculos con la UCI. En términos generales, el objetivo del presente estudio es analizar los factores que condujeron a los dos estados vecinos, Etiopía y Somalia, a la guerra en 2006. Más específicamente, se proporcionará una valoración sólida sobre los actores involucrados, así como sus intereses y motivaciones.
Brasil en el Consejo de Defensa Sudamericano: obstáculos a la cooperación y el liderazgo
Authors: CALDERÓN Emilse
Published: December 2023

En el marco de un sistema interamericano de seguridad cuya funcionalidad está comprometida por la escasa correspondencia que tiene su propuesta con la realidad después de la Guerra Fría, la creación del Consejo de Defensa Sudamericano denota un hito en el tratamiento de las cuestiones propias del sector de defensa y en el devenir de los vínculos de los países de la región. En este marco se analiza el rol desempeñado por Brasil que, en virtud de sus capacidades materiales, estaría en condiciones de liderar un proceso de seguridad regional. Sin embargo, las características de América del Sur como subregión con una dinámica de seguridad particular, obstaculizan la posibilidad de que el concepto de seguridad cooperativa se haga efectivo. Así también desvirtúan, en alguna medida, las intenciones de liderazgo por parte de Brasil. Por tanto, este artículo tiene como propósito abordar la dinámica de seguridad de la región en tanto que generadora de dichos obstáculos.
Capitalismo Gore y necropolítica en México contemporáneo
Authors: VALENCIA TRIANA Sayak
Published: December 2023

Proponemos el término capitalismo gore como una herramienta de análisis del paisaje económico, sociopolítico, simbólico y cultural mexicano afectado y re-escrito por la narcotráfico y la necropolítica (entendida  como un engranaje económico y simbólico que produce otros códigos, gramáticas, narrativas e interacciones sociales a través de la gestión de la muerte). Dichos términos forman parte de una taxonomía discursiva que busca visibilizar la complejidad del entramado criminal en el contexto mexicano, y sus conexiones con el neoliberalismo exacerbado, la globalización, la construcción binaria del género como performance política y la creación de subjetividades capitalísticas, recolonizadas por la economía y representadas por los criminales y narcotraficantes mexicanos, que dentro de la taxonomía del capitalismo gore reciben el nombre de sujetos endriagos.
Leyendo la historia con una mirada constructivista
Authors: REUS-SMIT Christian
Published: December 2023

Desde el final de la Guerra Fría, se ha producido un resurgir del interés por la historia por parte de los estudiosos de Relaciones Internacionales. Los constructivistas han estado a la cabeza de este redescubrimiento, recurriendo a la investigación histórica para destacar el significado contingente y la evolución de una miríada de prácticas internacionales, procesos y estructuras sociales. Sin embargo, ¿en qué medida está este trabajo guiado por una filosofía de la historia distinta, sea explícita o implícita?, ¿leen los constructivistas la historia de una manera particular? Y si así fuera, ¿cuáles son los contornos de su enfoque? Este artículo aborda estas cuestiones, argumentando que la historia constructivista es esencialmente “skinneriana” en naturaleza, excluyéndola por una parte de la historia realista-materialista y, por otra, de la historia de las ideas. Para ilustrar este enfoque, terminaré con una breve lectura constructivista de la crisis constitucional que asoló al Imperio español tras la invasión napoleónica de 1808.