bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Solutions to Two-Party and Multiparty Millionaires’ Problem
Authors: Liu Xin , Li Shundong , Chen XiuBo , Xu Gang , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhou Yong
Published: May 2017

The millionaires’ problem is the basis of secure multiparty computation and has many applications. Using a vectorization method and the Paillier encryption scheme, we first propose a secure two-party solution to the millionaires’ problem, which can determine x=y,  xy in one execution. Subsequently, using the vectorization and secret splitting methods, we propose an information-theoretically secure protocol to solve the multiparty millionaires’ problem (a.k.a. secure sorting problem), and this protocol can resist collusion attacks. We analyze the accuracy and security of our protocols in the semihonest model and compare the computational and communication complexities between the proposed protocols and the existing ones.
Increased Transendothelial Transport of CCL3 Is Insufficient to Drive Immune Cell Transmigration through the Blood–Brain Barrier under Inflammatory Conditions In Vitro
Authors: De Laere Maxime , Sousa Carmelita , Meena Megha , Buckinx Roeland , Timmermans Jean-Pierre , Berneman Zwi , Cools Nathalie
Published: May 2017

Many neuroinflammatory diseases are characterized by massive immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system. Identifying the underlying mechanisms could aid in the development of therapeutic strategies specifically interfering with inflammatory cell trafficking. To achieve this, we implemented and validated a blood–brain barrier (BBB) model to study chemokine secretion, chemokine transport, and leukocyte trafficking in vitro. In a coculture model consisting of a human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line and human astrocytes, proinflammatory stimulation downregulated the expression of tight junction proteins, while the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines was upregulated. Moreover, chemokine transport across BBB cocultures was upregulated, as evidenced by a significantly increased concentration of the inflammatory chemokine CCL3 at the luminal side following proinflammatory stimulation. CCL3 transport occurred independently of the chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5, albeit that migrated cells displayed increased expression of CCR1 and CCR5. However, overall leukocyte transmigration was reduced in inflammatory conditions, although higher numbers of leukocytes adhered to activated endothelial cells. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that prominent barrier activation following proinflammatory stimulation is insufficient to drive immune cell recruitment, suggesting that additional traffic cues are crucial to mediate the increased immune cell infiltration seen in vivo during neuroinflammation.
Correlation between the Compressive, Tensile Strength of Old Concrete under Marine Environment and Prediction of Long-Term Strength
Authors: Yao Weilai , Jiang Shiyong , Fei Wei , Cai Tao
Published: May 2017

Compressive strength and tensile strength are important mechanical properties of concrete. The long-term strength of concrete under real service environment is an important parameter when evaluating existing buildings, which should also be properly considered in structural design. In this study, the relationship between compressive and splitting tensile strength of old concrete existing for long period under marine environment was investigated. At a deserted harbour, concrete cores samples were drilled by pairs in site. For each pair of samples, the two cores were drilled from the adjacent location and conducted to compressive, splitting tensile test, respectively. 48 compressive and splitting tensile strengths were finally obtained. From the test results, tensile strength presents general uptrend with compressive strength, and the two parameters are well positively correlated. Exponential model generally recommended by building codes or literatures is still capable of describing the relationship between compressive and tensile strength of old deteriorated concrete, when function parameters are properly determined. Based on statistical theory and the experimental result of this study, a method for predicting long-term tensile strength of concrete is developed and an example is given, which may provide a potential way to estimate long-term concrete strength under real marine environment.
Female Urethral Diverticulum Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kasahara Ryo , Tabei Tadashi , Tsuura Yukio , Kobayashi Kazuki
Published: May 2017

A 48-year-old woman with a history of voiding difficulty visited our hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a periurethral tumor, which was pathologically diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma via transperineal needle biopsy. Radical cystectomy and urethrectomy were performed, and the urinary tract was reconstructed using an ileal conduit. Pathological examination of a resected specimen confirmed adenocarcinoma of the urethral diverticulum. The patient received adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy. She is alive at 5 months since the operation.
BRAF Fusion as a Novel Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to Vemurafenib in BRAFV600E Mutant Melanoma
Authors: Kulkarni Atul , Al-Hraishawi Husam , Simhadri Srilatha , Hirshfield Kim M. , Chen Suzie , Pine Sharon , Jeyamohan Chandrika , Sokol Levi , Ali Siraj , Teo Man Lung , White Eileen , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Lorna , Mehnert Janice M. , Ganesan Shridar
Published: May 2017

Purpose: Many patients with BRAFV600E mutant melanoma treated with BRAF inhibitors experience a rapid response, but ultimately develop resistance. Insight into the mechanism of resistance is critical for development of more effective treatment strategies.

Experimental Design: Comprehensive genomic profiling of serial biopsies was performed in a patient with a BRAFV600E mutant metastatic melanoma who developed resistance to vemurafenib. An AGAP3–BRAF fusion gene, identified in the vemurafenib-resistant tumor, was expressed in BRAFV600E melanoma cell lines, and its effect on drug sensitivity was evaluated.

Results: Clinical resistance to vemurafenib in a melanoma harboring a BRAFV600E mutation was associated with acquisition of an AGAP3–BRAF fusion gene. Expression of the AGAP3–BRAF fusion in BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cells induced vemurafenib resistance; however, these cells remained relatively sensitive to MEK inhibitors. The patient experienced clinical benefit following treatment with the combination of a BRAF and a MEK inhibitor. Rebiopsy of the tumor at a later time point, after BRAF and MEK inhibitors had been discontinued, showed loss of the AGAP3–BRAF fusion gene. Mixing experiments suggest that cells harboring both BRAFV600E and AGAP3–BRAF only have a fitness advantage over parental BRAFV600E cells during active treatment with a BRAF inhibitor.

Conclusions: We report acquisition of a BRAF fusion as a novel mechanism of acquired resistance to vemurafenib in a patient with melanoma harboring a BRAFV600E mutation. The acquisition and regression of clones harboring this fusion during the presence and absence of a BRAF inhibitor are consistent with rapidly evolving clonal dynamics in melanoma. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5631–8. ©2017 AACR.
Singularidade e identidade nas manifestações de 2013
Authors: Mendonça Ricardo Fabrino
Published: May 2017

Este texto busca refletir sobre as noções de singularidade e identidade nas manifestações de 2013. Partindo do pressuposto de que esses protestos não podem ser compreendidos como movimentos sociais, o artigo examina se, e como, ativistas percebem significados articulados a perpassar suas ações. Teoricamente, o artigo rediscute concepções de identidade a atravessar a literatura sobre ação coletiva e aborda o fortalecimento paradoxal de processos individualizantes derivados de transformações sociais. Interessa ao artigo compreender a força da ideia de singularidade na tessitura contemporânea de vínculos que alicerçam confrontos políticos. Empiricamente, o texto se ancora em 20 entrevistas realizadas com manifestantes de Belo Horizonte que participaram dos protestos de junho de 2013. A ideia é observar a forma como, ao renarrar o processo, eles compreendem e mobilizam sua inserção e seus vínculos nesse processo político. •
"Três apitos": lirismo e violência em Noel Rosa
Authors: Leite Guto
Published: May 2017

Este artigo procura demonstrar como subjaz em uma das mais conhecidas canções de amor de Noel Rosa um forte recorte de classe que opõe um confortável jovem representante da pequena burguesia carioca a uma operária trabalhadora da fábrica de tecidos. No decorrer da canção, a ambiguidade dos elogios é crescente e faz despontar nos versos doses sensíveis de violência e arbítrio, lembrando outro narrador célebre, Bento Santiago, que mascara reificação e propriedade do outro em expressões de amor. Ao cabo, considerando também a entoação, é possível até mesmo duvidar de que a canção se dirija à operária, como parece, levando-nos a crer que seja uma mensagem entre pares sobre uma malfadada conquista amorosa.
Estrelas da arte contemporânea: uma análise sociológica da fama e da consagração através dos rankings nativos do Top Artists in the World
Authors: Quemin Alain
Published: May 2017

O que os rankings dos "artistas visuais top" no mundo dizem sobre a construção social do valor dentro do domínio da arte contemporânea? Após uma análise histórica dos sistemas de avaliação de artistas, apresentamos a metodologia utilizada pelos quatro rankings que analisamos neste artigo: o Kunstkompass, o Artfacts, o Artnet e o Artprice. Em seguida, os dois primeiros indicadores em que fama e consagração são mediadas por especialistas são analisados ​​em profundidade, e comparados entre si. Isso destaca resultados um pouco semelhantes, diferindo de um terceiro ranking, em que não há esse tipo de medição (Artnet). Por fim, analisa-se a ligação entre sucesso institucional e sucesso econômico (medido através do ranking Artprice), revendo-se a teoria da criação do valor artístico a partir da injunção entre as instituições e o mercado de arte.
Um coração futurista: a construção da sonoridade de Egberto Gismonti no início de sua trajetória (1969-1976)
Authors: Moreira Maria Beatriz Cyrino
Published: May 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o início da trajetória do músico brasileiro Egberto Gismonti a fim de desvendar procedimentos musicais que fizeram parte da construção de sua carreira ao longo dos anos 1970, com especial atenção a sua produção fonográfica. Para tanto, além de um exame aprofundado do material musical de algumas de suas composições, a discussão procura associar a construção de sua sonoridade com o contexto da indústria fonográfica e da música popular brasileira daquele momento, trazendo à tona os debates sobre forma e conteúdo numa perspectiva que leva em conta alguns conceitos-chave para a compreensão dessa nova estética: sonoridade, inclusão, recriação e transcriação.
A formação da metrópole paulista: um diálogo entre Richard Morse e Antonio Candido
Authors: Castro Ana Claudia Veiga de
Published: May 2017

O livro que Richard Morse publicou em 1954 - De comunidade a metrópole: biografia de São Paulo - pode hoje ser considerado um clássico na história da cidade. Partindo da comunidade fundada em 1554 na América Portuguesa, a obra traça os caminhos que levaram a cidade a se tornar a principal metrópole brasileira. Para tanto, Morse indicava uma relação entre os diversos momentos históricos e o ethos paulista. Isso se evidencia quando se nota que o momento crucial do crescimento urbano paulista - o século XIX - se estrutura entre dois movimentos culturais da história da cidade: o Romantismo e o Modernismo. Tal perspectiva encontra na cidade um interlocutor privilegiado, que ajudaria a dar forma e conteúdo a sua obra. Em uma leitura rente ao livro de Morse, o texto pretende explorar o diálogo entre o historiador e Antonio Candido, buscando, na obra deste último, hipóteses para a compreensão do livro. •
Autophagy and Mitophagy in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Bravo-San Pedro José Manuel , Kroemer Guido , Galluzzi Lorenzo
Published: May 2017

Autophagy contributes to the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis in most cells of cardiovascular origin, including cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and arterial smooth muscle cells. Mitophagy is an autophagic response that specifically targets damaged, and hence potentially cytotoxic, mitochondria. As these organelles occupy a critical position in the bioenergetics of the cardiovascular system, mitophagy is particularly important for cardiovascular homeostasis in health and disease. Consistent with this notion, genetic defects in autophagy or mitophagy have been shown to exacerbate the propensity of laboratory animals to spontaneously develop cardiodegenerative disorders. Moreover, pharmacological or genetic maneuvers that alter the autophagic or mitophagic flux have been shown to influence disease outcome in rodent models of several cardiovascular conditions, such as myocardial infarction, various types of cardiomyopathy, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we discuss the intimate connection between autophagy, mitophagy, and cardiovascular disorders.
The Location and Effects of Visual Hemisphere-Specific Stimulation on Reading Fluency in Children With the Characteristics of Dyslexia
Authors: Koen Bobbie Jean , Hawkins Jacqueline , Zhu Xi , Jansen Ben , Fan Weihua , Johnson Sharon
Published: May 2017

Fluency is used as an indicator of reading proficiency. Many students with reading disabilities are unable to benefit from typical interventions. This study is designed to replicate Lorusso, Facoetti, Paganoni, Pezzani, and Molteni’s (2006) work using FlashWord, a computer program that tachistoscopically presents words in the right or left visual hemi-field in English and locates through fMRI imaging the processing areas involved in fluency development. Our participants were 15 students who were ages 8 to 19 years and had reading disabilities randomly assigned to Intervention ( n = 9) and Delayed Intervention ( n = 6) groups. Functional imaging studies focused on analyzing activations in the left hemisphere (LH) superior temporal gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, and the LH inferior occipito-temporal/fusiform area (visual-word form area [VWFA]). Analysis of intervention data showed that 6 of the 9 Intervention group participants (67%) achieved levels of automatic processing and increased their reading rate by an average of 20 words per minute after participating in the FlashWord intervention. Analyses of fMRI group activation maps and mean activation levels in regions of interest document processing changes in VWFA activations that could be related to the increase in reading speed and confirm these locations as essential to developing fluency.
Examining the Priority Heuristic in Conditions of Resource Need Levels
Authors: Hill W. Trey , Raacke John D. , Park J. April
Published: May 2017

Within the domain of risky decision making, there are a number of predictive models which are consistent with the hypothesis that human minds are molded for specific behavioral patterns based on environmental cues. Two models are the priority heuristic and risk sensitive foraging. Using a modified version of the traditional risky choice gambles paradigm, a study was designed to tease apart specific predictions made by each of these two models. It was discovered that the best explanation for choice behavior was consistent with risk sensitive foraging. This was true for risky preferences in gambles. Also, decision time predictions from the priority heuristic were not supported. Collectively, this may show additional support for risk-sensitivity driving some human behaviors. It may also carve out the boundaries for the proper “ecology” of the priority heuristic.
Chest ultrasound findings in pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Agostinis Paolo , Copetti Roberto , Lapini Laura , Badona Monteiro Geraldo , N’Deque Augusto , Baritussio Aldo
Published: May 2017

In resource-limited countries, the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is based on clinical findings, chest radiography and the demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in sputum. Few data are available on the use of ultrasound (US) to diagnose pulmonary TB. Chest US was performed in patients with lung TB from a rural African setting, to look for signs of the disease and to clarify the role US may have in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB. Sixty adult patients diagnosed with lung TB underwent chest US. All patients had abnormal findings. The most frequent was a subpleural nodule (SUN), which was mostly multiple and also found in radiologically normal areas. Other findings were lung consolidations, cavitations, miliary patterns made of miniature SUNs, and pleural and pericardial effusions. Chest US is a complementary tool in evaluating patients with suspected lung TB in resource-limited settings where the disease has high prevalence.
Impartiality, statistical tit-for-tats and the construction of balance: UK television news reporting of the 2016 EU referendum campaign
Authors: Cushion Stephen , Lewis Justin
Published: May 2017

There has been greater news industry recognition in recent years that impartiality should not be translated into simply balancing the competing sides of a debate or issue. The binary nature of a referendum campaign represents a unique moment to consider whether broadcasters have put this into practice beyond routine political reporting. This study examines how impartiality was editorially interpreted in television news coverage during the United Kingdom’s 2016 European Union referendum. We carried out a systematic content analysis of the United Kingdom’s main evening bulletins over the 10-week campaign, examining the issues and sources shaping coverage, as well as all the statistical claims made by campaign actors. Our aim was to critically examine how notions of impartiality were constructed and interpreted, exploring any operational limits and political consequences. Overall, we found that news bulletins maintained a fairly strict adherence to a central binary balance between issues and actors during the campaign. But this binary was politically inflected, with a significant imbalance in party political perspectives, presenting us with a right-wing rather than a left-wing case for European Union membership. We also found that independent expert analysis and testimony was sucked into the partisan binary between leave and remain campaigners, while journalists were reluctant to challenge or contextualise claims and counter-claims. Journalists were, in this sense, constrained by the operational definition of impartiality adopted by broadcasters. We argue for a more evidence-driven approach to impartiality, where journalists independently explore the veracity of campaign claims and have the editorial freedom to challenge them. We also suggest that the reliance on claims and counter-claims by leading Conservative politicians did little to advance public understanding of the European Union, and helped perpetuate a series of long-standing negative associations the British media have been reporting for many decades.
Measuring functional connectivity in stroke: Approaches and considerations
Authors: Siegel Joshua S , Shulman Gordon L , Corbetta Maurizio
Published: May 2017

Recent research has demonstrated the importance of global changes to the functional organization of brain network following stroke. Resting functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) is a non-invasive tool that enables the measurement of functional connectivity (FC) across the entire brain while placing minimal demands on the subject. For these reasons, it is a uniquely appealing tool for studying the distant effects of stroke. However, R-fMRI studies rely on a number of premises that cannot be assumed without careful validation in the context of stroke. Here, we describe strategies to identify and mitigate confounds specific to R-fMRI research in cerebrovascular disease. Five main topics are discussed: (a) achieving adequate co-registration of lesioned brains, (b) identifying and removing hemodynamic lags in resting BOLD, (c) identifying other vascular disruptions that affect the resting BOLD signal, (d) selecting an appropriate control cohort, and (e) acquiring sufficient fMRI data to reliably identify FC changes. For each topic, we provide guidelines for steps to improve the interpretability and reproducibility of FC-stroke research. We include a table of confounds and approaches to identify and mitigate each. Our recommendations extend to any research using R-fMRI to study diseases that might alter cerebrovascular flow and dynamics or brain anatomy.
Video Analysis Verification of Head Impact Events Measured by Wearable Sensors
Authors: Cortes Nelson , Lincoln Andrew E. , Myer Gregory D. , Hepburn Lisa , Higgins Michael , Putukian Margot , Caswell Shane V.
Published: May 2017

Background:

Wearable sensors are increasingly used to quantify the frequency and magnitude of head impact events in multiple sports. There is a paucity of evidence that verifies head impact events recorded by wearable sensors.

Purpose:

To utilize video analysis to verify head impact events recorded by wearable sensors and describe the respective frequency and magnitude.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Thirty male (mean age, 16.6 ± 1.2 years; mean height, 1.77 ± 0.06 m; mean weight, 73.4 ± 12.2 kg) and 35 female (mean age, 16.2 ± 1.3 years; mean height, 1.66 ± 0.05 m; mean weight, 61.2 ± 6.4 kg) players volunteered to participate in this study during the 2014 and 2015 lacrosse seasons. Participants were instrumented with GForceTracker (GFT; boys) and X-Patch sensors (girls). Simultaneous game video was recorded by a trained videographer using a single camera located at the highest midfield location. One-third of the field was framed and panned to follow the ball during games. Videographic and accelerometer data were time synchronized. Head impact counts were compared with video recordings and were deemed valid if (1) the linear acceleration was ≥20 g, (2) the player was identified on the field, (3) the player was in camera view, and (4) the head impact mechanism could be clearly identified. Descriptive statistics of peak linear acceleration (PLA) and peak rotational velocity (PRV) for all verified head impacts ≥20 g were calculated.

Results:

For the boys, a total recorded 1063 impacts (2014: n = 545; 2015: n = 518) were logged by the GFT between game start and end times (mean PLA, 46 ± 31 g; mean PRV, 1093 ± 661 deg/s) during 368 player-games. Of these impacts, 690 were verified via video analysis (65%; mean PLA, 48 ± 34 g; mean PRV, 1242 ± 617 deg/s). The X-Patch sensors, worn by the girls, recorded a total 180 impacts during the course of the games, and 58 (2014: n = 33; 2015: n = 25) were verified via video analysis (32%; mean PLA, 39 ± 21 g; mean PRV, 1664 ± 619 rad/s).

Conclusion:

The current data indicate that existing wearable sensor technologies may substantially overestimate head impact events. Further, while the wearable sensors always estimated a head impact location, only 48% of the impacts were a result of direct contact to the head as characterized on video. Using wearable sensors and video to verify head impacts may decrease the inclusion of false-positive impacts during game activity in the analysis.
Production of thermal insulation blocks from bottom ash of fluidized bed combustion system
Authors: Mandal AK , Sinha OP
Published: May 2017

The issues of disposal and environmental problems are increased by the generation of bottom ash from the thermal power plants day by day; hence, its recycling is required. The present study aimed to make thermal insulation blocks using as raw material bottom ash and iron ore slime as a binder and to characterize their engineering properties. Two different fineness values of bottom ash were considered with varying amounts of iron ore slime (0–10%) to make the blocks. Blocks were dried followed by firing at 1000, 1100 and 1200°C, respectively. Cold crushing strength, density and thermal conductivity of these fired blocks showed increasing behaviour with firing temperature, fineness of bottom ash and iron ore slime content. In contrast, a reverse trend was observed in the case of porosity. With increasing firing temperature, the formation of lower melting phases like iron silicate followed by iron aluminium silicate was observed, which imparts the strength inside the blocks. The coarser particles of bottom ash increase the interparticle spaces, which enhances the apparent porosity, resulting in higher thermal insulation property in the blocks. Blocks having better thermal insulation property could be possible to make effectively from coarse bottom ash by adding iron ore slime as a binder.
Medication Adherence in Older Patients With Dementia: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: El-Saifi Najwan , Moyle Wendy , Jones Cindy , Tuffaha Haitham
Published: May 2017

Background:

Older patients with dementia are often unable to take their medications as prescribed due to cognitive and physical impairment.

Objectives:

To review the evidence on medication adherence in older patients with dementia in terms of the level of adherence, outcomes, contributing factors, and available interventions.

Methods:

A systematic literature review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searched databases included CINAHL, Cochrane Library, DARE, MEDLINE, and PubMed.

Results:

Eighteen studies reported levels of medication adherence or discontinuation and related factors. Medication adherence ranged from 17% to 42%, and medication discontinuation before the end of treatment ranged from 37% to 80%. Nonadherence was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization or death, while increasing age, choice of medication, use of concomitant medications, and medicines’ costs were reported to decrease medication adherence. Telehealth home monitoring and treatment modification were the only interventions reported in the literature to improve medication adherence in this population.

Conclusion:

Older patients with dementia have a low level of medication adherence. Future research should focus on the development and implementation of interventions to help older patients with dementia and their caregivers make better use of medications.
Belgrade (de)void of identity: Politics of time, politics of control and politics of difference
Authors: Bobic Nikolina
Published: May 2017

This paper examines the complex entanglement of national and international violence and control in Belgrade. In particular, the ways in which the identity of the city has been affected in the aftermath of NATO’s 1999 Operation Allied Force as manifest in the hollowness of the unreconstructed Generalstab complex. The notion of hollowness presents an oppportunity to reformulate and reconsider the identity of Belgrade and Serbia as well as proffer an opening towards reconceptualising post-war reconstruction.
The roots of Trumpism
Authors: Post Charles
Published: May 2017

This essay examines the social origins of the election of Donald Trump in November 2016, and assess the possible direction of his presidency. Riding the wave of middle class radicalism that began with the Tea Party insurgency, Trump’s nomination temporarily disrupted the dominance of capitalists over the Republican Party. Despite his economic nationalist rhetoric, Trump will be unable to break in practice with the neo-liberal consensus of the past forty years.
Leadership research in healthcare: A realist review
Authors: Lega Federico , Prenestini Anna , Rosso Matilde
Published: May 2017

Being largely considered a human right, healthcare needs leaders who are able to make choices and to set directions. Following the recommendations expressed by Gilmartin and D'Aunno's review and roadmap compiled in 2008, today, it is important to acknowledge researchers' contributions to outline this landscape. The realist review of 77 publications answered questions such as “what works, for whom, and in which circumstances” highlighting: the effectiveness and acceptance of transformational and collaborative approaches; professionalism, expertise, and good task delegation within operational teams; distributed leadership, relationships, and social responsibility at a systemic level. The relevancy and need of leadership development programs, framed within a wider strategy, emerged. Nonetheless, gaps still exist and require further investigation: particular needs in public vs. private contexts; professionals' and women's differentiating characters; generational gaps; associations between leadership and recruitment HR practices research; how (and if) leaders (should) influence the organizational culture and values; and developing countries specific challenges. Also, a greater proportion of relevant findings should be drawn by empirical and more rigorous studies. Finally, a major attention could be paid to interactions happening at the team, organizational, and systemic level among different leaders and among leaders, followers and external actors.
Haptic information for reliable displays
Authors: Burkhardt Marc , Dose Damaris , Milius Birgit
Published: May 2017

Humans have several senses, all of which are usually used to navigate through life. Technical systems are much simpler, often engaging only one sense. Literature suggests that this might be the reason for some of the problems encountered with human–system interaction. In modern railways, operators almost exclusively interact with technical systems. Information is provided on displays; operators act on what they see. In some safety-critical situations, it is crucial that the displayed information is indeed showing the state of the outside situation and that the operator can rely on it. Failures of the system must be exposed. In two methods, the authors have researched how acoustic (i.e. transmitted via hearing) and haptic (i.e. transmitted via touch) signals can be used in combination with visual information to help people to identify errors of displayed items. After an overview of today’s research into the use of haptic displays and the basic ideas of transmission of multisensory information, the concept for using a multisensory approach in railway operator workstations has been explained. Then the two methods are described. The first one is a computer game style application in which erroneous symbols need to be identified. In the second method, a simple workstation layout is given in which participants need to identify signals which show an erroneous red aspect. In both cases, the participants are aided in their task by receiving information about the symbols and signals via haptic, acoustic or combined haptic and acoustic feedback. Regarding the error detection rates, a significant difference between the three versions of feedback modes was not determined in any method. However, in the second method (workstation), participants were faster when provided with haptic feedback. Also, the participants rated haptic and haptic–acoustic feedback subjectively better than acoustic feedback alone. The methods have shown that the idea of using a variation of feedback modes to reveal mistakes on a display does work. The results are a first step to develop systems which make it possible for the operator to detect inaccuracies in the information displayed without complex electronic systems but with a modern, multisensory approach.
Reader and author gender and genre in Goodreads
Authors: Thelwall Mike
Published: May 2017

There are known gender differences in book preferences in terms of both genre and author gender but their extent and causes are not well understood. It is unclear whether reader preferences for author genders occur within any or all genres and whether readers evaluate books differently based on author genders within specific genres. This article exploits a major source of informal book reviews, the Goodreads.com website, to assess the influence of reader and author genders on book evaluations within genres. It uses a quantitative analysis of 201,560 books and their reviews, focusing on the top 50 user-specified genres. The results show strong gender differences in the ratings given by reviewers to books within genres, such as female reviewers rating contemporary romance more highly, with males preferring short stories. For most common book genres, reviewers give higher ratings to books authored by their own gender, confirming that gender bias is not confined to the literary elite. The main exception is the comic book, for which male reviewers prefer female authors, despite their scarcity. A word frequency analysis suggested that authors wrote, and reviewers valued, gendered aspects of books within a genre. For example, relationships and romance were disproportionately mentioned by women in mystery and fantasy novels. These results show that, perhaps for the first time, it is possible to get large-scale evidence about the reception of books by typical readers, if they post reviews online.
Abundant Body Narratives: Re-Visioning the Theological Embodiment of Women through Feminist Theology and Art as a Way of Flourishing
Authors: Clay Megan
Published: May 2017

One of my projects as a Research Fellow for The Institute for Theological Partnerships (ITP) at the University of Winchester is the Feminist Theology and Art Forum. This project was born out of my Doctoral thesis which combines both art and feminist liberation theologies. Thus creating a methodology in which art as language gives voice to women’s experience within the theological world. The Forum so far has opened a window of opportunity for female artists and feminist theologians alike to exhibit visual artwork that demonstrates their incarnational experience through the concept of Christ/a and Mary/Miriam from a feminist theological perspective. There have been two exhibitions with a third exhibition this year which will have a feminist ecological/theological theme highlighting the important role that many women globally play in their own wellbeing and flourishing in connection with the Earth/Gaia. This article moves briefly from personal experience, which is where all feminist theology begins, into the wider world of possibilities for women to use both art and feminist theology as a model for expressing another way of speaking their experience theologically, ecologically, socially and politically and in so doing create a space in which they too may flourish.
Conquering the Home Front: Radio Biafra in the Nigeria–Biafra War, 1967–1970
Authors: Omaka Arua Oko
Published: May 2017

Radio, as a modern communication technology, has played a revolutionary role in propaganda wars. Governments and revolutionaries find it indispensable because of its advantage in disseminating messages quickly across national borders. The Biafran government saw the enormous propaganda potential of radio and tactically exploited it. Despite this strategic role, scholars have failed to represent Radio Biafra as an important arm of the Biafran struggle for self-determination. Using archival documents, newspaper articles, and oral interviews, this article explores the role of Radio Biafra in the Nigeria–Biafra War. It argues that Radio Biafra not only sustained the support and loyalty of Biafrans but also created a community spirit that bolstered Biafrans’ confidence in the war.
Two Decades of Research Into the Internationalization of Higher Education: Major Themes in the Journal of Studies in International Education (1997-2016)
Authors: Bedenlier Svenja , Kondakci Yasar , Zawacki-Richter Olaf
Published: May 2017

In recent decades, internationalization within higher education has emerged as a distinct field for practice and research. However, there are few meta-analyses of how the research trends and foci of this topic have evolved and shifted over time. This article analyzes the content of the Journal of Studies in International Education ( JSIE), a central outlet for internationalization research, thus shedding light on overarching developments and trends within the field. In this investigation, the text-mining tool Leximancer™ is used to generate concept maps based on the titles and abstracts of all 406 scientific articles published in the JSIE between 1997 and 2016 (first issue). Four major developmental waves in this research area are revealed: delineation of the field (1997-2001), institutionalization and management of internationalization (2002-2006), consequences of internationalization: student needs and support structures (2007-2011), and currently, moving from the institutional to the transnational context of internationalization (2012-2016). The results show how the meaning of the concept has evolved to encapsulate several other related concepts in research on higher education, while reporting practices toward internationalization at individual, institutional, and national levels.
An Ergonomic Assessment of Hospital Linen Bag Handling
Authors: Teeple Erin , Dennerlein Jack T. , Hashimoto Dean , Soto Luis A. , Losina Elena , Katz Jeffrey N.
Published: May 2017

The Joint Commission provides accreditation standards for staging hospital waste, but there are no federal lifting safety standards for linen bags. We evaluated hospital laundry bag lifting using the Revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Lifting Equation. We hypothesized that the permitted 32-gallon linen container capacity might allow filling to weights above our calculated Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) for some lifting positions and contents. We found that 30- and 40-gallon bags filled with loose dry linen had predicted weights within estimated RWLs only for lifts close to the body. Thirty- and 40-gallon bags filled more than halfway with dry compact linen had predicted weights above estimated RWLs for all lifting positions. Thirty- and 40-gallon bags filled with wet compact linen exceeded estimated RWLs for all positions when less than one-quarter full. Bag volume and filling controls may be considered to ensure linen bags are not excessively heavy.
New Business Activity and Employment Dynamics in the Inner City: The Case of Phoenix, Arizona
Authors: Mack Elizabeth A. , Credit Kevin
Published: May 2017

Inner city revitalization efforts centered on fostering new business activity are controversial because they assume that the job creating capacity of new businesses is capable of impacting aggregate employment levels in inner city neighborhoods. Given this controversy, this article examines the link between new business activity and inner city employment growth in Phoenix, Arizona. Analytical results highlight job creation from new business activity but a net negative association between new business activity and employment growth stemming from the loss of jobs from large employers in inner city neighborhoods. This relationship highlights that encouraging new business activity is not necessarily a bad idea for local residents and customers, but should not be viewed as a panacea for all inner city problems. Instead, new business activity should be viewed as one component of multifaceted initiatives to revitalize inner city neighborhoods.
An evaluation system of the eccentric orbit of shaft with aerostatic bearing in the microscale
Authors: Chen Dongju , Han Jihong , Dong Lihua , Fan Jinwei , An Chenhui
Published: May 2017

In order to improve the machining precision of the aerostatic bearing, an eccentric rotor orbit model considering the microscale effects is established. A flow factor Q embodying the effects in the microscale is introduced into the fluid control equation, the dynamic stiffness, and damping coefficients of bearing are calculated considering the microscale effects. According to the actual working condition of the shaft, the modal analysis in both cases (with and without the microscale effects) is performed. And with the modal information, the dynamic orbit in both states (with and without the microscale effects) is described by the deduced orbit model of the shaft system. Finally, experiments of the frequency by LMS vibration test system and shaft orbit by displacement sensor are measured, and the results indicate that the simulated results considering the microscale effects are more similar with the actual experimental one, which provides a guideline and evaluation standard for further optimization design and precision control of the shaft system.
Prediction of shear strength of reinforced concrete beams without shear reinforcement considering bond action of longitudinal reinforcements
Authors: Kim Hyeong-Gook , Jeong Chan-Yu , Kim Min-Jun , Lee Young-Jun , Park Jung-Han , Kim Kil-Hee
Published: May 2017

The shear strength of concrete beams without shear reinforcement is determined by the shear strength of the concrete compressive zone, the shear force due to dowel action, and the shear force due to aggregate interlock. The existing models and formulas to predict shear strength of concrete beams based on geometric theories related to beam action and arch action that only consider shear resistance in relation to arch action while neglecting dowel action and aggregate interlock have been unable to accurately explain the shear resistance mechanism. This study proposes a more rational shear strength prediction formula that reflects the contribution of each component by linking the bond characteristics of longitudinal reinforcements based on the size effect and stress changes in longitudinal reinforcement to dowel action. The precision of the proposed formula was assessed by carrying out experiments with the shear-span-to-depth ratio ( a/ d = 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 4.0) as a variable. A ratio of shear bond failure distance to effective depth and the shear strength of concrete beams without shear reinforcement were compared to those obtained from the proposed prediction formula. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed formula gives rational predictions for each shear contribution and exhibits a high accuracy compared to previous experimental results.
To include or not to include—This is the question: Attitudes of inclusive teachers toward the inclusion of pupils with intellectual disabilities in elementary schools
Authors: Malki Sharon , Einat Tomer
Published: May 2017

Numerous studies have emphasized the relationship between success of policies of inclusion and acceptance and accommodation of students with intellectual disabilities in mainstream settings and teachers’ positive attitudes toward them. Using semi-structured interviews and interpretive and constructivist strategies, the present study qualitatively analyzes the attitudes of 40 inclusive teachers regarding the inclusion of pupils with intellectual disabilities in mainstream elementary school settings in Israel. We find that most inclusive teachers assert that the inclusion policy has failed mainly, due to insufficient inclusion hours and limited abilities of mainstream teachers to assist pupils with intellectual disabilities, and that inclusive teachers unofficially employ various strategies in an attempt to improve the inclusion process. We conclude that more emphasis and resources should be invested in increasing the number of inclusive hours in mainstream elementary schools and improving mainstream and inclusive teachers’ education curriculum, and that an inclusive strategy that involves various education and special education techniques and is based on the professional collaboration between mainstream teachers, inclusive teachers, and experts in the field of inclusion, should be implemented.
Differential diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Kim Sung-Min , Kim Seong-Joon , Lee Haeng Jin , Kuroda Hiroshi , Palace Jacqueline , Fujihara Kazuo
Published: May 2017

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) mostly manifesting as optic neuritis and/or myelitis, which are frequently recurrent/bilateral or longitudinally extensive, respectively. As the autoantibody to aquaporin-4 (AQP4-Ab) can mediate the pathogenesis of NMOSD, testing for the AQP4-Ab in serum of patients can play a crucial role in diagnosing NMOSD. Nevertheless, the differential diagnosis of NMOSD in clinical practice is often challenging despite the phenotypical and serological characteristics of the disease because: (1) diverse diseases with autoimmune, vascular, infectious, or neoplastic etiologies can mimic these phenotypes of NMOSD; (2) patients with NMOSD may only have limited clinical manifestations, especially in their early disease stages; (3) test results for AQP4-Ab can be affected by several factors such as assay methods, serologic status, disease stages, or types of treatment; (4) some patients with NMOSD do not have AQP4-Ab; and (5) test results for the AQP4-Ab may not be readily available for the acute management of patients. Despite some similarity in their phenotypes, these NMOSD and NMOSD-mimics are distinct from each other in their pathogenesis, prognosis, and most importantly treatment. Understanding the detailed clinical, serological, radiological, and prognostic differences of these diseases will improve the proper management as well as diagnosis of patients.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Appearance of the Hip Musculature After Arthroscopic Labral-Level Iliopsoas Tenotomies
Authors: Walczak Brian E. , Blankenbaker Donna G. , Tuite Michael R. , Keene James S.
Published: May 2017

Background:

Iliopsoas (IP) muscle atrophy is a known consequence of open IP tenotomy, but the severity of IP muscle atrophy that occurs after arthroscopic labral-level IP tenotomies has not been documented.

Purpose:

To document the severity of muscle atrophy that occurs in the iliacus, psoas, and adjacent hip musculature after arthroscopic labral-level IP tenotomy.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Twenty-eight patients who had magnetic resonance arthrograms (MRAs) obtained prior to and 3 months to 5 years after arthroscopic labral-level IP tenotomies are the basis of this report. The pre- and postoperative MRAs of each patient were examined in consensus by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists who graded the postoperative muscle atrophy from 0 (no fatty infiltration) to 4 (>75% fatty infiltration) and noted any compensatory muscle hypertrophy or abnormal IP tendon morphology. Patients also were assessed with the Byrd 100-point modified Harris Hip Scoring system (MHHS) preoperatively and at the time of their postoperative MRA.

Results:

Postoperative MRAs were obtained on average 1.7 years (range, 3 months to 5 years) after hip arthroscopy. None of the patients had muscle atrophy on their preoperative MRAs. In contrast, 89% of patients had iliacus and psoas muscle atrophy on their postoperative MRAs, but only 2 (7%) developed grade 4 atrophy, and the majority (64%) had either grade 1 (n = 15) or no atrophy (n = 3). In addition, there were no significant differences in the MHHS of the patients with mild (grades 0-1), moderate (grades 2-3), or severe (grade 4) postoperative atrophy. Postoperative MRAs also demonstrated low-grade atrophy (grades 1-2) in the quadratus femoris (n = 5) and rectus femoris (n = 1) muscles, and 16 patients (57%) had distortion of the tendon, but none had a gap in their tendon.

Conclusion:

A majority of patients (89%) developed IP muscle atrophy after arthroscopic labral-level IP tenotomies, and although this percentage was similar (89% vs 90%) to that reported with lesser trochanteric IP tenotomies, the patients did not (1) develop atrophy of the gluteus maximus and vastus lateralis muscles, (2) have chronic IP tendon disruption, or (3) develop the severity of IP atrophy (55% grade 4 vs 7% grade 4) that has been reported after arthroscopic lesser trochanteric IP tenotomies.