bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Invasomes: An Artificial Vesicle Nanocarrier to Enhance Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Preeti  , Puri Dinesh , Singh Sanjay
Published: October 2024

The greatest and most noticeable organ in the body is the skin. The stratum corneum, or top layer of skin, acts as a vital barrier to prevent skin penetration for many drugs. To over-come this barrier, numerous nanocarrier frameworks have been developed, which are important for the functioning of active agents. Vascular systems known as invasomes contain low levels of ethanol as well as terpenes or terpene combinations, which have a higher skin penetration rate and function as potential carriers. Improved drug delivery via the skin using a carrier that can pene-trate these barriers presents a wide range of difficulties and possibilities for further study and the creation of new and better treatment options. The main objective of an invasome-based delivery system is to significantly improve patient compliance and therapeutic value, in addition to bol-stering the safety and efficacy of the drug. This article gives a summary of the synthesis process, invasome characterizations, penetration mechanisms, and applications. This review paper also in-cludes phospholipids and their classification. Phospholipids are present in the cell membrane and provide ceramide, a bioactive molecule that moisturizes skin and protects against environmental damage in transdermal drug delivery systems. Pharmaceutical studies demonstrate that many drug molecules have less solubility, stability, bioavailability, and penetrating power. Invasomes repre-sent a novel dosage form with promising properties for enhancing transdermal drug delivery.
Efficacy of Eugenol Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on Sepsis Induced Liver Injury in Rats
Authors: Ali Qutb Sarah , Mahmoud Soliman Amel , Ramadan Fahmy Sohair , Saber Mohamed Ayman
Published: October 2024

Background:

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition responsible for high morbidity
and mortality rates around the world and is characterized by a dysregulated host response to
infection, resulting in multiple organ dysfunctions. Eugenol is a phenolic aromatic compound
derived from clove oil. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal,
and anticancer characteristics, which have led to its extensive use in diverse fields, including
cosmetology, medicine, and pharmacology. The ongoing study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of
eugenol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (EC-NPs) on sepsis-induced liver damage using the cecal
ligation and puncture (CLP) model.

Methods:

Thirty male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: Sham, sepsis, and
septic rats treated with chitosan, eugenol, or EC-NPs.

Results:

EC-NPs showed excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in
vitro. EC-NP administration significantly improved liver function, as indicated by the decreased
liver enzyme activities and C-reactive protein (CRP) level, as well as the increase of albumin
content. Moreover, EC-NPs caused an increase in glutathione-reduced and antioxidant enzyme
activities, as well as a reduction of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide formation. In addition, the
EC-NP treatment reduced the DNA damage in septic rats; also, the EC-NP treatment repaired,
to some extent, the abnormal architecture of the hepatic tissues of septic rats. Furthermore, the
immunohistochemical examination showed a marked decrease in inflammation through the reduction
of TNF-α and IL-1β expression.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, EC-NPs attenuated liver injury in sepsis through its antiinflammatory,
anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant activities and protection of DNA.
Assessment of the Degradation Process and Causes of Cast Iron Pipes Used in Sewer Systems Based on Structural and Mechanical Property Analysis
Authors: BALAGA Zbigniew
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Cast iron pipes are commonly used in sewer systems due to their durability and resistance to environmental conditions. However, these structures are not immune to degradation and damage, which can have significant implications for both sewer infrastructure and the surrounding environment. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the degradation processes and causes of damage to cast iron pipes in sewer systems. Through examination of the structure and mechanical properties of the materials, potential consequences of the damage are explored, including issues such as environmental contamination. The results of this analysis aim to provide insights into the mechanisms of degradation and offer guidance for repair and preventive actions. By understanding these processes and their impacts, more effective strategies for managing and maintaining sewer infrastructure can be developed, ensuring its long-term efficiency and sustainable environmental development.
Analysis of Competitive Factors in Casting Processes
Authors: PACANA A.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The goal was to develop a model for identifying and analyzing internal factors with the greatest impact on the competitiveness of the production processes of foundry companies. The model is closely related to the evaluation of companies in terms of the first principle of Toyota management (focusing on factors determining the concept of development) and uses a modified BOST method. The analysis of the results of the study allowed to gather valuable knowledge for the company's management. The results pointed out the direction of the company's development, which should be aimed at ensuring high quality products, increasing the level of automation and caring for customer relations (ensuring customer welfare and a high level of service). Future directions of research will concern expansion of the model to include more areas to identify factors of competitiveness and market success of foundry companies.
Operational Safety of Pneumatic Transport Cushion in Terms of Substrate Surface Disturbances
Authors: FILO G.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The paper deals with analysing the process of moving loads using pneumatic cushions in conditions of disturbances in the evenness of the ground. Pneumatic cushions are used for indoor transport, providing an air supply system and a smooth, even, horizontal surface. The air flowing between the lower surface of the cushion and the ground creates a thin film, significantly reducing the friction coefficient, which allows even heavy loads to be easily moved. However, various disturbances in the evenness of the ground may result in a drastic decrease in the air film thickness and, thus, the inability to continue movement. The study analyses typical disturbances, including cracks, bulges, faults and breaks. A laboratory test bench was built, and the air supply parameters were estimated, indicating that movement is still possible in the presence of particular irregularities.
Optimization Processes Using Bioinspired Algorithms – A Literature Analysis
Authors: YEFYMENKO Oleksandr
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Today's management decisions depend on the successful solution of optimization problems that are discontinuous, undifferentiated, and multimodal. One approach to improving the efficiency of solving optimization problems is bioinspired algorithms. The article briefly reviews work on bio-inspired algorithms and classical algorithms in relation to optimization processes. Based on the literature analysis, the weaknesses of classical and bioinspired algorithms are identified. Further research directions are also identified.
Random Cellular Scanning Method for Ablative Laser Micro Machining
Authors: WITKOWSKI Grzegorz
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The article indicates the impact of the laser beam trajectory on the effect of interaction on material during the laser milling process, which is not often mentioned in scientific reports. The article presents the results of an experiment consisting in random cellular scanning method. For this purpose, an original system of random surface scanning was developed and tested. The processed area was divided into finite unit cells, which were once, randomly processed with a laser beam. The procedure was repeated for subsequent scanning processes. The article focuses on determining and comparing Ra and Sa roughness parameter values for random cellular scanning strategy during changes of number of processed layers. The micromachining process was performed using a laser device with UV picosecond pulses.
Correlation between screen time and physical activity to student’s physical fitness
Authors: Prakoso Anang Bagus , Arief Nur Ahmad , Muin Abd , Wardani Nurul Kusuma
Published: October 2024

The development of electronic media may increase screen time (ST) duration, cause students to develop sedentary habits, and decrease their physical activity (PA). Lately, this has been thought to be the cause of the problem of low physical fitness (PF) among students. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between screen time, physical activity, and students' physical fitness. The design of this study was correlational, with a total of 88 subjects in grades 4 and 5 at Primary Laboratoy School (Labschool) Unesa 1. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. Nusantara students' physical fitness test (TKPN) was employed to assessed physical fitness, screen time-based sedentary behaviour questionnaire to assessed sedentary behaviour, and physical activity questionnaires for older children to assessed physical activity level. Data were collected in alignment with the physical education schedule for each class. Multinomial logistic regression was employed for data analysis. Findings revealed a significant simultaneous correlation among sedentary time (ST), physical activity (PA), and physical fitness (PF) (p = 0.017). However, partial analysis indicated no significant correlation between ST and PF (p = 0.517), while PA demonstrated a significant correlation with PF (p = 0.013). The results of the descriptive analysis showed that 73.9% of participants had very poor levels of physical fitness, and 43.18% of participants had low physical activity levels, with an average daily screen time duration of 3.03 hours. Participants accessed electronic media mostly to play games on smartphones, with an average of 2.28 hours. This study concluded that screen time was not directly affecting physical fitness but could reduce physical activity and student fitness.  Despite screen time having no direct impact on physical fitness, this study recommends continuing to monitor screen time duration and increasing physical activity levels to mitigate potential risks associated with excessive screen use.
Design and implementation of audio-visual learning media for volleyball passing and serving techniques in junior high school
Authors: Budiman Indra Adi , Priyono Ali , Rustandi Endi
Published: October 2024

One of the main challenges in physical education learning is the limited availability of appropriate and interesting learning media for students. This research aimed to develop audio-visual learning media products in class VIII junior high school PE subjects on specific motion material for variations in upper passing, lower passing variations, upper service variations, and lower service variations in volleyball games. The research was conducted as development research adopted the Borg Gall model: preliminary study, planning stage and initial research product development, expert validity test stage and product revision, small- and large-scale tests, effectiveness test and distribution of learning media products. Validation of learning media development is carried out by learning material experts, learning media experts, and learning media design experts. Following the expert validation of the learning content and material by subject matter experts, the validation of the learning media by media specialists, and the validation of the learning media design, further validation conducted by an online questionnaire to gather further feedback and insights. The results were obtained in the form of audio-visual learning media products that were tested to large groups receiving a validation score of 93% from learning material experts, 94% from learning media experts, and 95% from learning media design experts. For the effectiveness test, pre and post-tests on improving volleyball passing and serving skills has done and obtained the experimental class obtained a gain value of 0.62 and the control class obtained a gain value of 0.28. This research concluded that the use of audio-visual learning media in physical education showed positive results in improving understanding, motivation, and learning outcomes of volleyball games. With the right support, this media can be an effective tool to enrich the learning experience and support the achievement of physical education goals.
The role of parenting styles in increasing the achievement of Shorinji Kempo athletes: a literature review
Authors: Wali Carles Nyoman , Yuniana Rina , Nugroho Sigit , Pranata Doni , Talib Kamal Bin
Published: October 2024

Achievement is one of the universal aspiration among athletes in the world of sports. The aim of this research is to determine the role of parenting styles in enhancing the performance of Shorinji Kempo athletes. The study employs a literature review method with a qualitative approach, using data collection techniques that include editing, organizing, and synthesizing information. The data analysis conducted through content analysis, utilizing internet applications such as Scopus, Sinta, and Google Scholar. The results of this study show parental involvement plays a crucial role in boosting the performance of Shorinji Kempo athletes, particularly during adolescence. Parents are the jewel and main educators for an athlete at home and in the social environment, even though they train with a coach and then study at school.  While coaches and teachers contribute to an athlete's development, they act as extensions of parental guidance, providing education and support that may not be available at home. Facilities that cannot be obtained at home but are obtained at school can be complement for children in their development process, while coaches are developers of children's talents and interests that are previously identified by parents. The study concludes that the achievements of young athletes are significantly influenced by the parenting styles they experience. The role of parents in this case is to provide warm, caring, and affectionate family care that has maximum positive impact. As a result, athletes are more likely to grow into well-rounded adults with strong personal qualities, capable of fully realizing their talents and achieving excellence in sports performance.
The effectiveness of massage gun treatment combined with passive stretching in reducing non-specific lower back pain
Authors: Prasetyo Yudik , Shafi Sabda Husain As , Arjuna Fatkhurahman , Rahayu Atikah , Shahril Mohd Izwan Bin , Nor Mohad Anizu Mohd , Otieno Edwin Onyango
Published: October 2024

Non-specific lower back pain is a common condition characterized by strain, muscle spasms, or weakness of the paraspinal muscles, particularly the multifidus muscle, which affects adjacent musculature such as the gluteus, hamstrings, and quadriceps. This study aimed to investigate whether massage gun treatment combined with passive stretching could reduce non-specific low back pain in patients experiencing subacute and chronic phases of this condition. This pseudo-experimental research employed a one-group pretest-posttest design with three treatments. Participants were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria: suffering from non-specific low back pain, willingness to participate, and age between 20 and 65 years. Exclusion criteria included anatomical abnormalities of the spine, fractures, open wounds, and specific spinal disorders. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure pain intensity before and after each treatment session. Initial VAS scores averaged 65.6 units. Following the first treatment, scores decreased significantly to 52.1 units; subsequent reductions occurred at 42.1 units post-second treatment and 33.5 units post-third treatment. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference across all three treatment sessions (p = 0.000 0.05), indicating a progressive improvement in pain control over time. Massage gun therapy coupled with passive stretching demonstrated efficacy in reducing non-specific lower back pain among participants. These findings suggest that repeated application of these interventions can lead to sustained improvements in pain management for individuals suffering from subacute and chronic non-specific low back pain conditions
Application of Information Link Control in Surgical Specimen Near-Miss Events in a South China Hospital: Nonrandomized Controlled Study
Authors: Chen Tingting , Tang Xiaofen , Xu Min , Jiang Yue , Zheng Fengyan
Published: October 2024

Background

Information control is a promising approach for managing surgical specimens. However, there is limited research evidence on surgical near misses. This is particularly true in the closed loop of information control for each link.

Objective

A new model of surgical specimen process management is further constructed, and a safe operating room nursing practice environment is created by intercepting specimen near-miss events through information safety barriers.

Methods

In a large hospital in China, 84,289 surgical specimens collected in the conventional information specimen management mode from January to December 2021 were selected as the control group, and 99,998 surgical specimens collected in the information safety barrier control surgical specimen management mode from January to December 2022 were selected as the improvement group. The incidence of near misses, the qualified rate of pathological specimen fixation, and the average time required for specimen fixation were compared under the 2 management modes. The causes of 2 groups of near misses were analyzed and the near misses of information safety barrier control surgical specimens were studied.

Results

Under the information-based safety barrier control surgical specimen management model, the incidence of adverse events in surgical specimens was reduced, the reporting of near-miss events in surgical specimens was improved by 100%, the quality control quality management of surgical specimens was effectively improved, the pass rate of surgical pathology specimen fixation was improved, and the meantime for surgical specimen fixation was shortened, with differences considered statistically significant at P<.05.

Conclusions

Our research has developed a new mode of managing the surgical specimen process. This mode can prevent errors in approaching specimens by implementing information security barriers, thereby enhancing the quality of specimen management, ensuring the safety of medical procedures, and improving the quality of hospital services.
Predicting Early Dropout in a Digital Tobacco Cessation Intervention: Replication and Extension Study
Authors: Yu Linda Q , Amato Michael S , Papandonatos George D , Cha Sarah , Graham Amanda L
Published: October 2024

Background

Detecting early dropout from digital interventions is crucial for developing strategies to enhance user retention and improve health-related behavioral outcomes. Bricker and colleagues proposed a single metric that accurately predicted early dropout from 4 digital tobacco cessation interventions based on log-in data in the initial week after registration. Generalization of this method to additional interventions and modalities would strengthen confidence in the approach and facilitate additional research drawing on it to increase user retention.

Objective

This study had two research questions (RQ): RQ1—can the study by Bricker and colleagues be replicated using data from a large-scale observational, multimodal intervention to predict early dropout? and RQ2—can first-week engagement patterns identify users at the greatest risk for early dropout, to inform development of potential “rescue” interventions?

Methods

Data from web users were drawn from EX, a freely available, multimodal digital intervention for tobacco cessation (N=70,265). First-week engagement was operationalized as any website page views or SMS text message responses within 1 week after registration. Early dropout was defined as having no subsequent engagement after that initial week through 1 year. First, a multivariate regression model was used to predict early dropout. Model predictors were dichotomous measures of engagement in each of the initial 6 days (days 2-7) following registration (day 1). Next, 6 univariate regression models were compared in terms of their discrimination ability to predict early dropout. The sole predictor of each model was a dichotomous measure of whether users had reengaged with the intervention by a particular day of the first week (calculated separately for each of 2-7 days).

Results

For RQ1, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the multivariate model in predicting dropout after 1 week was 0.72 (95% CI 0.71-0.73), which was within the range of AUC metrics found in the study by Bricker and colleagues. For RQ2, the AUCs of the univariate models increased with each successive day until day 4 (0.66, 95% CI 0.65-0.67). The sensitivity of the models decreased (range 0.79-0.59) and the specificity increased (range 0.48-0.73) with each successive day.

Conclusions

This study provides independent validation of the use of first-week engagement to predict early dropout, demonstrating that the method generalizes across intervention modalities and engagement metrics. As digital intervention researchers continue to address the challenges of low engagement and early dropout, these results suggest that first-week engagement is a useful construct with predictive validity that is robust across interventions and definitions. Future research should explore the applicability and efficiency of this model to develop interventions to increase retention and improve health behavioral outcomes.
Implementation of the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Model in Electronic Medical Record Systems: Evaluation Study Using Factor Analysis and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory-Best-Worst Methods
Authors: Luo Ming , Gu Yu , Zhou Feilong , Chen Shaohong
Published: October 2024

Background

Electronic medical record (EMR) systems are essential in health care for collecting and storing patient medical data. They provide critical information to doctors and caregivers, facilitating improved decision-making and patient care. Despite their significance, optimizing EMR systems is crucial for enhancing health care quality. Implementing the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) shared data model represents a promising approach to improve EMR performance and overall health care outcomes.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the effects of implementing the OMOP shared data model in EMR systems and to assess its impact on enhancing health care quality.

Methods

In this study, 3 distinct methodologies are used to explore various aspects of health care information systems. First, factor analysis is utilized to investigate the correlations between EMR systems and attitudes toward OMOP. Second, the best-worst method (BWM) is applied to determine the weights of criteria and subcriteria. Lastly, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory technique is used to illustrate the interactions and interdependencies among the identified criteria.

Results

In this research, we evaluated the AliHealth EMR system by surveying 98 users and practitioners to assess its effectiveness and user satisfaction. The study reveals that among all components, “EMR resolution” holds the highest importance with a weight of 0.31007783, highlighting its significant role in the evaluation. Conversely, “EMR ease of use” has the lowest weight of 0.1860467, indicating that stakeholders prioritize the resolution aspect over ease of use in their assessment of EMR systems.

Conclusions

The findings highlight that stakeholders prioritize certain aspects of EMR systems, with “EMR resolution” being the most valued component.
Health Care Professionals’ Reactions to Point-of-Care Advertising in Electronic Health Records: Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tennant Bethany L. , Koenig Teresa , Bennett-Harper Sarah , Chance Sarah , O'Donoghue Amie C. , Sullivan Helen W.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Pharmaceutical marketers have introduced novel ways to deliver point-of-care advertising to health care professionals (HCPs) through their electronic health record systems (EHRs) workflow. However, little is known about HCPs’ experiences with EHR prescription drug promotion.

OBJECTIVE

To understand HCPs’ awareness of, experience with, and opinions about EHR drug promotion.

METHODS

This qualitative study conducted semi-structured individual interviews with 36 HCPs between March 19, 2024, and April 9, 2024, using an online videoconference platform. Participants were asked about their knowledge of EHRs that display drug promotions. Participants were shown sample EHR drug promotions in different formats, including banner ads, pop-ups, and sponsored content. For each drug promotion viewed, participants were asked questions about their overall thoughts, likes, recognition, intentions, and if they had any concerns.

RESULTS

HCPs expressed a lack of awareness regarding the existence of prescription drug promotions that could be displayed within and around EHR systems. Overall, participants preferred promotions that offered cost savings to the patients or that they considered informative. However, many raised concerns about the ethical implications and potential distractions associated with EHR drug promotion.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings from this qualitative study contribute to the sparse literature on the HCPs perceptions of EHR drug promotion. The findings highlight the need for further investigation into the influence of prescription drug promotions within EHRs.
Adapting Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents in Iraq via Mobile Apps: A Qualitative Study of Usability and Outcomes (Preprint)
Authors: Ibrahim Radhwan , Hussein Yaas Marghoob Hussein , Qadir Hamarash Mariwan , Al-Mukhtar Salwa Hazim , Abdulghani Mohammed Faris
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Mental health challenges, including anxiety and depression, are increasingly common among adolescents. Mobile health (mHealth) apps offer a promising way to deliver accessible Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions. However, research on the usability and effectiveness of apps tailored specifically for adolescents is limited

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the usability, engagement, and perceived effectiveness of a mobile CBT app designed for adolescents, focusing on user experiences and mental health outcomes.

METHODS

A qualitative study was conducted with 30 adolescents aged 13-19 who engaged with a CBT app for four weeks. Feedback was gathered through focus groups and individual interviews, and thematic analysis was used to identify key themes related to usability, engagement, and perceived effectiveness

RESULTS

Usability challenges, such as complex navigation and non-intuitive design, impacted user experience. Features like gamification and personal relevance boosted engagement, while the lack of personalization limited sustained use. Short-term improvements in mood and anxiety were reported, but benefits diminished without regular app use. Barriers to engagement included technical issues and external distractions like schoolwork

CONCLUSIONS

The mobile CBT app shows potential for improving adolescent mental health. However, to enhance user experience and engagement, future app iterations should focus on simplifying navigation, adding personalization features, and improving technical stability
Impairment of Cardiovascular Functional Capacity in Mild-to-Moderate Kidney Dysfunction
Authors: Lim Kenneth , Nayor Matthew , Arroyo Eliott , Burney Heather N. , Li Xiaochun , Li Yang , Shah Ravi , Campain Joseph , Wan Douglas , Ting Stephen , Hiemstra Thomas F. , Thadhani Ravi , Moe Sharon , Zehnder Daniel , Larson Martin G. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Lewis Gregory D.
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Mild-to-moderate CKD is associated with impairment in cardiovascular functional capacity as assessed by oxygen uptake at peak exercise (VO2Peak).

Cardiac output is significantly reduced in patients with mild-to-moderate CKD and is associated with impaired VO2Peak.

Assessment of VO2Peak by cardiopulmonary exercise testing can detect decrements in cardiovascular function during early stages of kidney function decline that may not be captured using resting left ventricular geometric indices alone.

Background

Traditional diagnostic tools that assess resting cardiac function and structure fail to accurately reflect cardiovascular alterations in patients with CKD. This study sought to determine whether multidimensional exercise response patterns related to cardiovascular functional capacity can detect abnormalities in mild-to-moderate CKD.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, we examined 3075 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) and 451 participants from the Massachusetts General Hospital Exercise Study (MGH-ExS) who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Participants were stratified by eGFR: eGFR ≥90, eGFR 60–89, and eGFR 30–59. Our primary outcomes of interest were peak oxygen uptake (VO2Peak), VO2 at anaerobic threshold (VO2AT), and ratio of minute ventilation to carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2). Multiple linear regression models were fitted to evaluate the associations between eGFR group and each outcome variable adjusted for covariates.

Results

In the FHS cohort, 1712 participants (56%) had an eGFR ≥90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 1271 (41%) had an eGFR of 60–89 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and 92 (3%) had an eGFR of 30–59 ml/min per 1.73 m2. In the MGH-ExS cohort, 247 participants (55%) had an eGFR ≥90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 154 (34%) had an eGFR of 60–89 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and 50 (11%) had an eGFR of 30–59 ml/min per 1.73 m2. In FHS, VO2Peak and VO2AT were incrementally impaired with declining kidney function (P < 0.001); however, this pattern was attenuated after adjustment for age. Percent-predicted VO2Peak at AT was higher in the lower eGFR groups (P < 0.001). In MGH-ExS, VO2Peak and VO2AT were incrementally impaired with declining kidney function in unadjusted and adjusted models (P < 0.05). VO2Peak was associated with eGFR (P < 0.05) in all models even after adjusting for age. On further mechanistic analysis, we directly measured cardiac output (CO) at peak exercise by right heart catheterization and found impaired CO in the lower eGFR groups (P ≤ 0.007).

Conclusions

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing–derived indices may detect impairment in cardiovascular functional capacity and track CO declines in mild-to-moderate CKD.
Research on Education and Teaching of Artificial Intelligence Enabling Intelligent Construction
Authors: Qiu Ziming , Yang Chuanli
Published: October 2024

This study is committed to in-depth analysis of the practical application of artificial intelligence in intelligent construction teaching and its empowerment effect. An efficient and intelligent teaching platform is built, which can intelligently recommend relevant learning resources according to students’ learning progress and feedback, and track students’ learning situation in real time. This personalized learning style not only improves the learning efficiency of students, but also enables them to better adapt and master the knowledge and skills in the field of intelligent construction. The introduction of artificial intelligence technology has innovated the method of intelligent construction teaching. Based on the learning analysis technology of big data, we can conduct in-depth analysis of students’ learning behaviors and achievements, so as to grasp students’ learning status and needs more accurately. These achievements not only show the great potential of artificial intelligence technology in the field of education, but also provide new ideas and methods for the reform and innovation of intelligent construction teaching.
The Inspiration of German Civic Education to China’s Ideological and Political Education Work
Authors: Ren Liang
Published: October 2024

German civic education has undergone a complex development process and has a long history. Through the analysis and study of the basic profile of German civic education, it is clear that the characteristics of German civic education: focusing on the democratic nature of education, focusing on the practical experience of the citizens, emphasizing the citizens’ sense of rights and responsibilities and strengthening the influence of religious education, has a multifaceted significance for promoting the further development of the theory and practice of ideological and political education in China.
SOBRE LAS PENAS COMPARTIDAS
Authors: Barrientos León Juan Pablo
Published: October 2024

Se analiza cómo las penas impuestas a personas privadas de su libertad también afectan a sus familias, convirtiéndose en lo que se conoce como "penas compartidas". A través de un análisis comparativo entre la Ley Nacional de Ejecución Penal de México y la Ley 24.600 de Argentina, el autor examina cómo la familia de los presos sufre consecuencias económicas, sociales y emocionales. A menudo, estas cargas adicionales pueden generar condiciones que conduzcan al delito, ya que las familias deben asumir roles de soporte sin apoyo suficiente. El trabajo subraya la necesidad de visibilizar y apoyar a estas familias para evitar la reproducción de condiciones delictivas y destaca las carencias del sistema mexicano en comparación con el argentino.
Cholestasis in Chronic Liver Disease and the Role of Ademetionine in its Treatment (Literature Review and Expert Panel Resolution)
Authors: Raikhelson K. L. , Bueverov A. O. , Kondrashina E. A. , Maevskaya M. V. , Khlynov I. B. , Shirokova E. N. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: October 2024

Aim: to analyse the principles of diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis in chronic liver diseases, to present data on the effectiveness of ademetionine in the treatment of chronic liver diseases with intrahepatic cholestasis and the materials of the Expert Meeting held in 2023.

   Key points. During the Expert Meeting, the problems of diagnostics and treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis in various chronic liver diseases were discussed, the effectiveness of ademetionine was clarified, and optimal regimens for its administration were determined. The relevance of the existing algorithm for diagnosing cholestasis in real clinical practice was assessed. The effectiveness of ademetionine in the treatment of various liver diseases occurring with intrahepatic cholestasis (cholestatic forms of drug-induced liver damage, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis) was demonstrated, manifested by a decrease in clinical and laboratory signs of cholestasis. The anticholestatic mechanisms of ademetionine action were clarified, which consist in normalizing the fluidity of hepatocyte membranes, regulating the activity of Nrf2, a key transcription factor, suppressing lipid peroxidation and the resulting damage to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. Optimal regimens for prescribing ademetionine for various clinical situations were considered.

   Conclusions. Ademetionine is an effective drug that, due to its pleiotropic action and favourable safety profile, can be used in various chronic liver diseases accompanied by cholestasis, including as a part of the complex therapy.
Methodological Guidelines of the Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research (CHMR) and the Russian Gastroenterology Association (RGA) on the Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, Metabiotics and Functional Foods Enriched with Them for the Treatment and Prevention of Gastrointestinal Diseases in Adults and Children
Authors: Ivashkin V. T. , Gorelov A. V. , Abdulganieva D. I. , Alekseeva O. P. , Alekseenko S. A. , Baranovsky A. Yu. , Zakharova I. N. , Zolnikova O. Yu. , Ivashkin K. V. , Ivashkina N. Yu. , Korochanskaya N. V. , Mammaev S. N. , Nikolaeva S. V. , Poluektova E. A. , Trukhmanov A. S. , Usenko D. V. , Khlynov I. B. , Tsukanov V. V. , Shifrin O. S. , Berezhnaya I. V. , Lapina T. L. , Maslennikov R. V. , Sugian N. G. , Ulyanin A. I.
Published: October 2024

Aim: to optimize outcomes of the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in adults and children.

   Key points. The Methodological Guidelines contain sections on the terminology, classification, mechanisms of action, requirements for sale in the Russian Federation, requirements for proving the efficacy and safety of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and metabiotics, as well as functional foods enriched with them. An overview of relevant data allowing to include these drugs and products in the treatment an d prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in adults and children is presented.

   Conclusion. The clinical efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and metabiotics depends on the specificity and quantity of their components, the dosage form, the regimen and duration of treatment. Products and functional foods with proven efficacy and safety are recommended for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in adults and children.
Comparison of extensions of plastic zones under conical Indentation to a semi-infinite block with the aid of finite Element analysis (fea) and slip-line field (slf) theories
Authors: Poddar Arpita , Biswas Arup Kumar
Published: October 2024

Every metal cutting process is associated with the combination of indentation processes. Thus, studying indentation has a great importance in mechanics of metal cutting process. The present work deals with the indentation of a conical diamond point indenter to a semiinfinite block of mild steel. In indentation process, some portion of the block is plastically deformed. The present work investigates zone of extensions of plastic zone for different types of indenters having varying cone angles through finite element analysis and compare the results with Slip-line field approaches. The present work considers semi-apex angle of the cone to be greater than 45°.
Engineering the Future Together
Authors: Sengupta Goutam
Published: October 2024

No Abstract.
Bado type III Monteggia fractures have a high injury- and treatment-related complication rate: a single center study of 73 fractures
Authors: Zilliacus Kaj , Nietosvaara Yrjänä , Helenius Ilkka , Kämppä Niko , Vuorimies Ilkka , Grahn Petra
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose: Monteggia fractures can be problematic injuries. The aim of this population-based study is to evaluate the risk of complications according to the Bado types, clinical outcome, and incidence.Methods: 72 children (median age 6, range 2–11 years) with 73 Monteggia fractures treated during 2014–2022 were identified from the institutional fracture register. Timing of diagnosis, complications, and method of treatment were registered. Outcomes were assessed at mean 4 years (1–9) follow-up in 68 (94%) children. The census population (< 16 years old) in Helsinki metropolitan area during the study period was assessed.Results: Bado types I (n = 43) and III (n = 27) comprised all but 3 of the fractures. Diagnosis was made on admission in 57, and with a 1–8-day delay in 16 children. 8 children had sustained an associated nerve injury. 35 children were treated operatively, 7 after failed closed treatment. 4 reoperations were performed, including 3 ulnar osteotomies. The risk of complications (odds ratio [OR] 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7–14) and closed treatment failures (OR 12.3, CI 1.3–118) was higher in Bado type III than in type I injuries. 60 children attended for clinical follow-up, all had congruent radio-humeral joints and full range of elbow and forearm motion. Mean PedsQL was 94 (72–100) and QuickDash 3 (0–13). 8 additional children reported normal elbow functions by phone. The calculated mean annual incidence of Monteggia injuries was 2.9/100,000 children.Conclusion: Monteggia fractures are rare (2.9/100,000 yearly). Bado type III injuries are associated with a high risk of complications.
Flint arrowheads from the inventories of the Corded Ware culture: morphology and function - on the example grave from Mydłów (Sandomierz Upland)
Authors: Libera Jerzy , Mączyński Piotr
Published: October 2024

Flint arrowheads are one of the most common artefact types found in funerary materials attributed to the Corded Ware culture. One of the most numerous sets was discovered in Mydłów (Sandomierz Upland) in 1990. It was composed of 27 arrowheads deposited in feature No. 2. In order to better understand the character of this collection, it was re-examined with the use of new findings concerning the most recent study of CWC flint-knapping across Lesser Poland. The research was considerably enriched with microscopic analyses – conducted to identify potential use-wear patterns on the surfaces of the artefacts – which made it possible for us to obtain as much information as possible.
Organisation of activities in settlements of the southeastern group of the Funnel Beaker Culture. Patterns of use and deposition of lithic artefacts from Zawarża, Site 2, Pińczów commune
Authors: Oberc Tomasz
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to provide an insight in the possible modes of use of space and organization of work within the settlements of the south-eastern group of Funnel Beaker Culture (FBC SE) utilizing framework for integrating use-wear of lithic artefacts and intra-site analyses of their deposition patterns. Those analyses concerns Site 2 in Zawarża, Pińczów commune. Excavations on the site spanned from 1959 to 1963, culminating in the uncovering of 58 ares of the site, which equals approximately 60% of its supposed area. This fact along with already published set of data concerning archaeological remains, and short occupation period make it a nearly ideal candidate for testing new analytical approaches. This study utilizes traces of use recorded on 32 of the 119 flint artefacts, as well as the data on their deposition to identify possible functional areas of the site linked to butchering and related practices and other activities such as production or repairing of tools.
beginnings of Polish archaeological museums in the 19th century
Authors: Woźny Marzena
Published: October 2024

The first Polish archaeological museums or those with archaeological departments – institutions dealing withgathering collections, conducting research, organizing exhibitions and publishing works devoted to archaeology, as it was understood at that time – began to be established in the mid-19th century. They were created by scientific societies or on the initiative of private individuals. They were: the Museum of Antiquities of the Kraków Scientific Society, the Museum of Antiquities in Vilnius, the Museum of Polish and Slavic Antiquities in the Grand Duchy of Poznań, the Museum of the Toruń Scientific Society, the Museum of the Lubomirski Princes in Lviv and the Dzieduszycki Natural History Museum in Lviv. The article discusses the beginnings of Polish archaeological museums, their creation, the scope and shape of the collections, methods of obtaining artefacts, the headquarters and the further fate of these institutions.
Made of flint, bone and boar’s tusks – burial goods from male grave No. 2 in Świerszczów (Kolonia) 28, Hrubieszów District – attributed to the Malice culture – in the light of traceological analysis
Authors: Zakościelna Anna , Osipowicz Grzegorz
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of a traceological analysis conducted on artefacts made of bone, boar’s tusks and flint – the only funerary goods discovered in Grave No. 2 at Świerszczów (Kolonia) Site 28, in which an adult male was buried. Despite the lack of pottery vessels that could indicate cultural affiliation, the grave is attributed to the Rzeszów phase of the Malice culture, i.e., the final, Eneolithic, stage of that culture. This attribution is based on 14C dating and on the presence in the grave of artefacts made of boar’s tusks and flint burins. Microscopic analysis conducted on the discovered artefacts revealed traces related to their production, use and repair on their surfaces. Most items bear traces indicating their usage in processing soft materials, like siliceous (wild and domesticated) plants and hide. Interestingly, the artefacts with holes for hanging – traditionally regarded as adornments in archaeological literature – were also employed in different activities.
Biographies of Swiderian blades – various examples from the Polish territory
Authors: Pyżewicz Katarzyna , Przeździecki Michał , Grużdź Witold , Kozak Bartosz , Płaza Dominik Kacper , Sobko Beata
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the use of unretouched blades by Swiderian societies. To answer the question regarding the function of the artefacts, we analysed macroscopically and microscopically selected blades from five sites: Kołomań, Kielce district, Świętokrzyskie voivodship, Sulejówek Site 4, Mińsk district, Mazowieckie voivodship, Kochlew Site 1, Krzeczów Site 2 and Troniny Site 5, Wieluń district, Łódzkie voivodship. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the unretouched blades, although fulfilling the conditions of being tools, were not used in everyday activities. We can presume that the unretouched blades were usually treated among the Swiderian societies as a waste product, or an element of exchanges or stock.
Fauna Associated with Artemia salina Used to Feed Larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in Culture
Authors: Okolodkov Yuri B , G González-Gómez
Published: October 2024

Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the main species of the shrimp genus that is traded worldwide, commonly cultivated in China, India and Thailand, was introduced to Mexico in 1973. It is susceptible to infectious diseases associated with high mortality during its eleven larval stages, resulting in severe economic losses. To infer the source of contamination by protozoans during two larval development cycles of the shrimp in the aquaculture farm “Santa Fe” in Santa Fe, Veracruz, Mexico in 2021 was one of the aims of the study. The shrimp larvae (stages I-XI) in vivo, the culture medium and the food (Artemia salina) supplied for the larvae were examined using light microscopy, based on records, albeit rare, where food was contaminated by protozoans. The Hill numbers (N0, N1 and N2), the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the Simpson’s dominance and the Pielou’s evenness indices were determined. Mortality rate in both cycles was similar: 89% in cycle 1 and 90% in cycle 2. The results showed that the mortality of larvae was not caused by the protozoan contaminants in the culture medium in which ten protozoan (nine freeliving and an epizoic) and two rotifer taxa (Rotaria rotatoria and Keratella sp.) were identified. Taxonomic protozoan diversity was the lowest in the first shrimp larval stages and was higher in the last stages. During the two cycles, Hymenostomatida gen. sp. was the most abundant, and Litostomatea gen. sp. was the least abundant. The results suggested the food (A. salina) as a probable source of contamination of the shrimp culture by protozoans
A New Confirmation Record of the Introduced Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (Weber, 1991) in the Inland Waters of Syria (Orontes River)
Authors: Hamwi Nader Iskandar , H Altajer , N Ali-Basha
Published: October 2024

A new occurrence of the sailfin catfish, Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus, has been documented in the inland waters of Syria, specifically in the Orontes River. The specimens measured between 23.5 and 27 cm in total length and weighed between 100 and 150 g. They were captured by artisanal fishermen using a trammel net at a depth of approximately 2-3 meters and recorded the surface temperature at 20°C. The reappearance of Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus indicates potential changes in freshwater biodiversity. Monitoring these developments is crucial for understanding the regional ecosystem. These findings underscore the necessity for further research to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of these emerging phenomena.