bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Business Transformation in the Digital Economy: The Foreign Approach and Russian Opportunities
Authors: Salimova Tatiana A. , Biryukova Lyudmila I. , Anikina Natalya V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The trend of digital transformation of business that has emerged in recent years is gaining the status of a basic condition for the effective development of the Russian economy. In this regard, the focus of research interest is on the readiness of companies to use Industry 4.0 technologies, as well as issues of risk management and business digitalization opportunities. The purpose of the study is to analyze and systematize the foreign experience of digital transformation in order to assess the prospects and limitations of the transition of Russian enterprises and organizations to Industry 4.0, as well as the options for overcoming them in the framework of corporate strategies for sustainable development.

Materials and Methods. The authors carried out statistical processing and critical analysis of the opinions of Russian business people about their level of awareness and vision of the risks, opportunities, and limitations of the use of Industry 4.0 technologies in Russian management practice. The initial statistical data were collected as part of a survey using the Google Docs service. Data processing was performed using the concordance coefficient, the Pearson’s chi-squared test, and the Cramér–von Mises criterion.

Results. The authors have corroborated the hypothesis that in the digital economy, the speed of response to global risks, the effectiveness of measures to reduce their negative impact on business results depends on the scope and innovation focus of the enterprise. At the same time, a statistically significant relationship has been revealed between the attitude of Russian enterprises to Industry 4.0 technologies and their willingness to accept the benefits and advantages associated with them. The authors have refuted the hypothesis that there is a connection between the level of influence of the key barriers to the digital transformation of Russian business and the attitude of enterprises to Industry 4.0 technologies. On the basis of generalized foreign experience, the authors have proposed options for resolving the existing contradictions in the industrialization of Russian business.

Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study have corroborated that the Russian economy faced the same problems and limitations as most countries of the world on the way to transition to a digital society. Overcoming them is possible only through joint efforts of governmental structures, the business community, and social institutions. The research results can be used by federal and regional authorities to promote the National Program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federationˮ and the National Technology Initiative.
Settlement Inequality and Social Exclusion of People with Epilepsy
Authors: Kasatkina Natalya P. , Shumkova Natalya V. , Tokareva Natalya G.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Patients with epilepsy, due to the presence of the chronic disorder, belong to deprived social groups. The results of many studies confirm the discrimination of patients with epilepsy on various social parameters, such as the availability of high-quality medical care, education and jobs. The settlement factor aggravates the deprived situation of patients with epilepsy and significantly affects their socio-psychological well-being. Based on the materials of the study conducted, the article identifies the interconnection between the characteristics of the place of residence of a patient with epilepsy, indicators of social exclusion, and the level of emotional-volitional and cognitive disorders.

Materials and Methods. The data from a survey of 157 patients with epilepsy registered in neuropsychiatric dispensaries in Penza, Saransk, and Alatyr were used as materials for the study. The survey was conducted using the authors’ tools in May – December 2020 as formalized interviews. The results were processed using mathematical statistics methods in the SPSS software package.

Results. The survey data have confirmed the stigmatization and deprivation of patients with epilepsy: they are less likely to marry, have limited opportunities for vocational education, and are more often unemployed. The settlement factor manifests itself in the unequal availability of modern medical services and provision of drugs, inclusive educational programs and opportunities for occupational socialization. The performed cluster analysis of the data has made it possible to single out three groups of respondents that differ significantly in terms of indicators and the degree of social exclusion: “educational deprivation”, “exclusion in the labor market” and “coping with stigma”. Analysis of these categories regarding the settlement factor shows that the share of the most deprived groups is inversely related to the population of the cities under study.

Discussion and Conclusion. The authors have drawn the conclusions that the availability of social integration mechanisms reduces the likelihood of developing negative consequences of epilepsy, and the corresponding opportunities are largely due to the size of the city. The data obtained can be used to identify categories of patients with similar social problems, which will facilitate more targeted emotional and instrumental support for patients with epilepsy, with regard to the settlement factor.
PCI Bridge Design Manual, 3rd Edition
Authors:   Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute
Published: June 2021

This comprehensive, electronic design manual includes both preliminary and final design information for standard girders and most precast and precast, prestressed concrete products and systems used for transportation structures. It contains background, strategies for economy, fabrication techniques, evaluation of loads, load tables, design theory and numerous complete design examples. It is designed to explain and amplify the application of both the AASHTO Standard and LRFD Bridge Design Specifications.
Detection and molecular characterisation of feline viruses from swab samples
Authors: Abayli Hasan , Can-Sahna Kezban , Ozbek Remziye , Aslan Oznur , Tonbak Sukru , Bulut Hakan
Published: June 2021

Feline calicivirus (FCV), feline alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) and feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) as well as retroviral agents such as feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are important viral pathogens of cats. The aim of this study was to detect and characterise FHV-1, FPLV, FeLV, FIV and feline foamy virus (FFV) in oropharyngeal, nasal and conjunctival swabs from 93 cats that had been screened for FCV previously. We wanted to determine the possible risk factors for infection with these viruses. The prevalence was found to be 12.9% for FHV-1 and 9.7% for FPLV. FIV was detected only in two samples and FeLV in one sample, whereas the presence of FFV was not demonstrated in any of the clinical samples. The statistical analysis of the results showed that breed, age, health status, and lifestyle are important predisposing factors to FHV-1 (P< 0.05). For FPLV, only clinically unhealthy animals were found to be at risk (P< 0.001). Sequence analysis revealed that the two FIV-positive samples in this study contained different (A and B) subtypes of the virus. This is the first report on the occurrence of subtype A FIV in Turkey.
Beneficial impact of Nesfatin-1 on reproductive dysfunction induced by nicotine in male rats: Possible modulation of autophagy and pyroptosis signaling pathways
Authors: Madi N. M , Abo El Gheit R. E. , Barhoma R. A. , El Saadany A. , Alghazaly G. M. , Marea K. , El-Saka M. H.
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to explore the beneficial impact of nesfatin-1 on reproductive dysfunction induced by nicotine (NT) in male rats with possible modulation of autophagy and pyroptosis signaling pathways. This research was performed on 40 Wistar male rats. They were distributed into four groups: control, normal+nesfatin-1, NT, and NT+nesfatin-1. At the end of the experimental period, the serum was separated for assay of testosterone, FSH and LH. Also, sperm parameters were determined. Histopathological examination of testicular tissue and immunohistochemical analysis was done for mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP-activated protein kinase, and mitogen-activated protein kinases including phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase and phosphorylated cJun N-terminal kinase. Relative gene expression was determined for testicular nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors proteins andCaspase-1, and autophagy markers including microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha andBeclin-1. Also, the following testicular parameters were assayed: 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase, glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase, reactive oxygen species, caspase-3 activity, IL-1β, IL-18, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and Complex-I activity. The results revealed that the normal+nesfatin-1 group showed insignificant changes as compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the NT group exhibited prominent reproductive dysfunction in male rats. On the other hand, in the NT+nesfatin-1 group nesfatin-1 notably attenuated this reproductive dysfunction as evidenced by improvement of hormonal assay, sperm parameters, histopathological picture, immunohistochemical evaluation and real time relative gene expressions. In conclusion: Nesfatin-1 alleviated the impairment of male reproductive functions induced by NT via enhancement of autophagy pathways, suppression of pyroptosis, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production. Thus nesfatin-1 may offer a novel protective or therapeutic access for treating male infertility.
Embedding a Blockchain Technology Pattern Into the QR Code for an Authentication Certificate
Authors: Aini Qurotul , Rahardja Untung , Tangkaw Melani Rapina , Santoso Nuke Puji Lestari , Khoirunisa Alfiah
Published: June 2021

In the disruptive 4.0 era that emphasizes technological sophistication, blockchain is present as a technology that increasingly influences human life, helping humans in all aspects, including education. The role of blockchain technology in the world of education is to test the validity of diplomas, the increasing number of fake diplomas for an interest, both for work and continuing education to a higher level. The purpose of this research with the implementation of blockchain is expected to make it easier for users to verify the authenticity of a diploma. This study uses the SWOT analysis method to identify all possibilities that exist in blockchain technology. The final result of this research, the system will print a physical certificate in the form of paper in general, then the certificate will be printed a QR code. To verify numeric code on QR Code via scanning on smartphone or QR Reader. It is hoped that the blockchain technology applied to digital assets can reduce cases of forgery of diplomas and other important documents.
Product Review Ranking in e-Commerce using Urgency Level Classification Approach
Authors: Zuhri Hamdi Ahmad , Maulidevi Nur Ulfa
Published: June 2021

Review ranking is useful to give users a better experience. Review ranking studies commonly use upvote value, which does not represent urgency, and it causes problems in prediction. In contrast, manual labeling as wide as the upvote value range provides a high bias and inconsistency. The proposed solution is to use a classification approach to rank the review where the labels are ordinal urgency class. The experiment involved shallow learning models (Logistic Regression, NaÃ¯ve Bayesian, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest), and deep learning models (LSTM and CNN). In constructing a classification model, the problem is broken down into several binary classifications that predict tendencies of urgency depending on the separation of classes. The result shows that deep learning models outperform other models in classification dan ranking evaluation. In addition, the review data used tend to contain vocabulary of certain product domains, so further research is needed on data with more diverse vocabulary.
Computer Networks Optimization using Load Balancing Algorithms on the Citrix ADC Virtual Server
Authors: Ramadhan Hardiyan Kesuma , Wardhana Sukma
Published: June 2021

In the digital era and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, all activities are online. If the number of users accessing the server exceeds IT infrastructure, server down occurs. A load balancer device is required to share the traffic request load. This study compares four algorithms on Citrix ADC VPX load balancer: round-robin, least connection, least response time and least packet using GNS3. The results of testing response time and throughput parameters show that the least connection algorithm is superior. There were a 33% reduction in response time and a 53% increase in throughput. In the service hits parameter, the round-robin algorithm has the evenest traffic distribution. While least packet superior in CPU utilization with 76% reduction. So algorithm with the best response time and throughput is the least connection. The algorithm with the best service hits is round-robin. Large scale implementation is recommended using the least connection algorithm regarding response time and throughput. When emphasizing evenest distribution, use a round-robin algorithm.
La Junta de Patrimonio de Italia: un laboratorio político (1576-1596)
Authors: André Sylvain
Published: June 2021

El artículo analiza las particularidades de la Junta de Patrimonio de Italia, activa entre 1576 y 1596. A través de la presentación de sus miembros, los dos primeros apartados tratan de perfilar la lógica socio-gubernamental que subyace en su creación. Formada por miembros permanentes y provisionales, el cariz de este órgano presenta particularismos hasta la fecha ignorados por la historiografía. En la segunda parte nos detendremos en analizar dos casos que permiten medir la finalidad de la Junta y, sobre todo, su funcionalidad en la toma de decisión regia. Así, las consultas de la Junta en torno a la numeración del reino de Nápoles (1590) y al tema de las visitas de inspección (1576) permiten arrojar alguna luz sobre el dinamismo de los procedimientos de la concertación política y sobre la necesidad, a partir del último tercio del siglo xvi, de dinamizar las herramientas de la negociación entre la corona y los reinos.
Influencias conceptuales griegas y platónicas en el tratado vitruviano
Authors: García-Sánchez Rafael
Published: June 2021

Se pretende poner de relieve que la influencia de la cultura griega, y en concreto de la obra platónica, es reconocible en el tratado vitruviano. Se intentará mostrar que algunos conceptos artísticos pertenecientes a la tradición cultural griega y defendidas por Platón son reconocibles en Los Diez Libros de Arquitectura dejando ver, en algunos aspectos, el filohelenismo cultural de Vitruvio.
Liminaridad y licantropía: sobre los ritos de paso y la ascendencia en «Vǫlsunga Saga»
Authors: Martín-Páez Mario
Published: June 2021

Vǫlsunga Saga es una de las fuentes de mayor riqueza literaria producidas en el contexto nórdico medieval. El objetivo del artículo es demostrar las formas en las que se configura la identidad dentro de la familia de los Volsungos durante la representación de un rito de paso. Durante este proceso, varios personajes adoptan comportamientos lupinos. Se argumentará que la metamorfosis es determinada por la presión estructural ejercida sobre el cuerpo y afecta no solo al individuo transformado, sino también al grupo enemigo que se convertirá en su presa. Previamente, mostramos las condiciones y el desarrollo del rito de paso, en el que se otorga a los ancestros el poder de influir sobre su descendencia. Asimismo, demostraremos que las definiciones y obligaciones que se desprenden de la estructura de parentesco tienen la capacidad de caracterizar al grupo enemigo como un «otro» y legitimar los actos de violencia cometidos en su contra.
Provisional Life Expectancy Estimates for 2020
Authors: Arias Elizabeth , Betzaida Tejada-Vera , Ahmad Farida , Kochanek Kenneth
Published: June 2021

This report presents updated estimates of life expectancy based on provisional mortality data for the full year, January through December 2020.
Bacterial diversity in high Andean grassland soils disturbed with Lepidium meyenii crops evaluated by metagenomics
Authors: Huaraca-Meza F. , Custodio M. , Peñaloza R. , Alvarado-Ibañez J. , Paredes R. , De la Cruz H. , Arzapalo L. , Lazarte-Pariona F.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Soil quality is usually determined by its physical-chemical characteristics without taking into account the bacterial communities that play a fundamental role in the chemical decomposition of plant nutrients. In this context, the objective of the study was to evaluate bacterial diversity in high Andean grassland soils disturbed with Lepidium meyenii cultivation under different gradients of use (first, second and third use) and crop development (pre-sowing, hypocotyl development and post-harvest). The sampling was carried out in the Bombón plateau in the central Andes of Peru, during the rainy and low water seasons, by the systematic method based on a specific pattern assigned in a geometric rectangular shape at a depth of 0 - 20 cm. The characterization of the bacterial communities was carried out through the metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rRNA. 376 families of bacteria were reported, of which it was determined that there was a significant change in bacterial composition and distribution in relation to use pressure. There were no major changes due to the development of Lepidium meyenii. The families most sensitive to use pressure and soil poverty indicators were Verrucomicrobiaceae, Acidobacteraceae and Aakkermansiaceae.
Ecological impacts of climate change on the snow leopard (Panthera unica) in South Asia
Authors: Kazmi F. A. , Shafique F. , Hassan M. U. , Khalid S. , Ali N. , Akbar N. , Batool K. , Khalid M. , Khawaja S.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Snow leopard (Panthera unica) is a felid which lives in the highly rugged areas of alpine regions in different mountain ranges of South and Central Asia. This solitary animal needs large spaces for its ranges but due to climate change and relatively faster rate of global warming in South Asian mountain ranges, its habitat is going to shrink and fragment by tree-line shifts and change in hydrology of the area. Vegetative modification of montane flora and competition with domestic goats will create its prey’s population to decline along with a chance of a direct conflict and competition with the common leopard. Common leopard being more adaptable, grouped, and larger in size can be a significant stressor for a smaller and solitary snow leopard. Habitat would shrink, and snow leopard can possibly move upslope or northward to central Asian ranges and their predicted migratory patterns are unknown.
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Hymenaea martiana Hayne (Fabaceae) in mice
Authors: Pacheco A. G. M. , Pacheco E. J. , Macedo L. A. R. O. , Silva J. C. , Lima-Saraiva S. R. G. , Barros V. P. , Oliveira-Junior R. G. , Branco A. , Quintans J. S. S. , Quintans-Junior L. J. , Coutinho H. D. M. , Menezes I. R. A. , Almeida J. R. G. S.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Hymenaea martiana is a species popularly known in Northeastern Brazil as “jatobá” and used in folk medicine to treat pain and inflammation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of H. martiana. In the present study, we carried out an investigation about the effects of the crude ethanolic extract (Hm-EtOH) and the ethyl acetate fraction (Hm-AcOEt) in models of nociception and inflammation in mice. Chemical (acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin) and thermal stimuli (hot plate) were used for the evaluation of antinociceptive activity, while for the anti-inflammatory profile paw edema induced by carrageenan was used, along with leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity. The presence of the flavonoid astilbin in the samples was characterized through HPLC-DAD-MS analysis. Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt (100, 200 and 400 mg.kg-1, i.p.) significantly reduced the number of abdominal contortions and decreased the paw licking time in the formalin test. In the hot plate, the extract increased the latency time of animals. Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt inhibited significantly the increase in the edema after the administration of carrageenan. Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt inhibited leukocyte migration in the peritonitis test. HPLC-DAD-MS analysis of Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt revealed the presence of the flavonoid astilbin in the samples. According to the results of this study, both Hm-EtOH and Hm-AcOEt have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, which could be related with the presence of flavonoid in the extracts. The results reinforce the popular use of this plant.
First case of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the midwestern of Santa Catarina State, Brazil
Authors: Pinto A. O. , Carvalho D. , Frizzo C. , Lopes K. , Tessari G. B. , Catecati T. , Dhom-Lemos L. C. , Pasquali A. K. S. , Quaresma P. F. , Stoco P. H. , Grisard E. C. , Steindel M. , Wagner G.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies and a major zoonotic disease in Brazil. Due to the southward expansion of the disease within the country and the central role of dogs as urban reservoirs of the parasite, we have investigated the occurrence of CVL in two municipalities Erval Velho and Herval d’Oeste in the Midwest region of Santa Catarina state. Peripheral blood samples from 126 dogs were collected in both cities and tested for anti-L. infantum antibodies by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IIF) and for the presence of parasite DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood. From examined dogs, 35.71% (45/126) were positive for at least one of the three tests and two (1.6%) were positive in all performed tests. Twelve dogs (9.5%) were positive for both ELISA and IIF, while 21 dogs were exclusively positive for ELISA (16.7%), and 15 (11.9%) for IIF. L. infantum k-DNA was detected by PCR in 9 out of 126 dogs (7.1%) and clinical symptoms compatible with CVL were observed for 6 dogs. Taken together, these results indicate the transmission of CVL in this region, highlighting the needs for epidemiological surveillance and implementation of control measures for CVL transmission in this region.
Matriz de competência relacionada à Covid-19: contribuições de estudantes e residentes
Authors: Pita Cristiane Guedes , Melo Karla Kalene Fernandes , Brasilino Maryane Chagas Barboza , Diniz Rosiane Viana Zuza
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Competency-based education has been discussed under the new perspective of the COVID-19 pandemic. The need for social distancing had effects on student activities and educational institutions needed to reflect and redesign the teaching-learning process. It was necessary to incorporate contents related to COVID-19 into the medical training programs and to adapt the teaching tools. Therefore, it is necessary that training be mediated by a collective construction of the competency matrix with the participation of the subjects involved in the process. Objective: This project aims to present the reconstruction of the curriculum in cardiology by observing the collaboration of the students and residents. Method: Exploratory study, involving 13 undergraduate medical students and eight medical residents from the institution’s cardiology program, who comprised the “Students and residents’ panel”. Consensus was reached among the panelists through the Delphi methodology. The first version of the matrix was prepared by the research team and sent, together with the FICF, containing 16 items aimed at COVID-19 content to be achieved at the cardiology internship and residency. The participants attributed their degree of agreement for each proposed item and after returning them, the data were tabulated, stored in an Excel spreadsheet and percentages for each item were calculated and presented in a descriptive manner. Result: The panel consisted of 19 participants. Of the 21 invited, 02 participants did not answer the online questionnaire and were excluded. The initial version of the matrix reached a consensus in the first round, with the lowest agreement rate being 71% in the internship matrix and 89.5% in the residency matrix. Both matrices showed high levels of agreement. There were no disagreements or suggestions for new items for the matrix. Conclusion: The students and residents’ engagement in the pedagogical process may contribute to a better understanding of the competencies for their training and bring sustainable changes to the curriculum.
Competency matrix related to Covid-19: contributions from students and residents
Authors: Pita Cristiane Guedes , Melo Karla Kalene Fernandes , Brasilino Maryane Chagas Barboza , Diniz Rosiane Viana Zuza
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Competency-based education has been discussed under the new perspective of the COVID-19 pandemic. The need for social distancing had effects on student activities and educational institutions needed to reflect and redesign the teaching-learning process. It was necessary to incorporate contents related to COVID-19 into the medical training programs and to adapt the teaching tools. Therefore, it is necessary that training be mediated by a collective construction of the competency matrix with the participation of the subjects involved in the process. Objective: This project aims to present the reconstruction of the curriculum in cardiology by observing the collaboration of the students and residents. Method: Exploratory study, involving 13 undergraduate medical students and eight medical residents from the institution’s cardiology program, who comprised the “Students and residents’ panel”. Consensus was reached among the panelists through the Delphi methodology. The first version of the matrix was prepared by the research team and sent, together with the FICF, containing 16 items aimed at COVID-19 content to be achieved at the cardiology internship and residency. The participants attributed their degree of agreement for each proposed item and after returning them, the data were tabulated, stored in an Excel spreadsheet and percentages for each item were calculated and presented in a descriptive manner. Result: The panel consisted of 19 participants. Of the 21 invited, 02 participants did not answer the online questionnaire and were excluded. The initial version of the matrix reached a consensus in the first round, with the lowest agreement rate being 71% in the internship matrix and 89.5% in the residency matrix. Both matrices showed high levels of agreement. There were no disagreements or suggestions for new items for the matrix. Conclusion: The students and residents’ engagement in the pedagogical process may contribute to a better understanding of the competencies for their training and bring sustainable changes to the curriculum.
Nível de conhecimento sobre suporte básico de vida entre formandos da área de saúde
Authors: Pelek Carlos Augusto , Ferreira Silva-Junior Manoelito , Müller Erildo Vicente
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Basic Life Support (BLS) refers to the procedures that must be performed in situations of cardiorespiratory arrest or airway obstruction, and therefore, undergraduate students and health professionals must be highly trained to perform. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge about Basic Life Support (BLS) and the associated factors among undergraduate students from the health area in their last year of school in a public university. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with undergraduate students in Physical Education, Nursing, Pharmacy, Medicine and Dentistry at the Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Brazil. Data collection was carried out in 2019, in the last month of course completion, by a trained researcher using a self-administered questionnaire containing sociodemographic data, professional training, perceived self-knowledge and a validated BLS instrument. There was an association between the outcome “undergraduate students’ knowledge” dichotomized as high (≥70% correct) or low level (<70% correct) and the independent variables (sociodemographic data, professional training and perceived self-knowledge) and the performance of the binary and multinomial logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: 191 undergraduate students participated in the study, being 85.6% of the chosen universe. A total of 30 participants (15.7%) had a high level of knowledge on BLS, being students from the Nursing (n = 12) and Medicine (n = 18) courses. While 35.3% of Nursing students and 46.2% of Medicine students had a high level of knowledge about BLS, there were no students from the Physical Education (0.0%), Pharmacy (0.0%) and Dentistry (0.0%) courses. In the crude analysis, the low level of knowledge was associated with younger age (OR=2.75, 95%CI:1.22-6.21), not feeling safe to perform BLS (OR=3.12, 95%CI:1.38-7.01) and the fact that the discipline was not part of the undergraduate course (OR=18.35, 95%CI:2.44-138.1). In the adjusted analysis, the fact that the discipline was not part of the undergraduate course (OR=13.41, 95%CI:1.74-103.12) remained. Conclusion: Most students had a low level of knowledge about BLS, and only students from the Medicine and Nursing courses demonstrated a high level of knowledge. After adjustment, the fact that the discipline was not part of the undergraduate course was associated with a lower level of knowledge about BLS.
Early medical school graduation during the COVID-19 pandemic: preliminary assessment
Authors: Almeida Paula Adamo de , Weihermann Viktoria , Marques Gustavo Lenci , Fachin Camila Girardi , Fraiz Ipojucan Calixto , Pimentel Silvania Klug
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The current outbreak of the new coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, was first reported to the World Health Organization on December 31, 2019, being declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. As for the clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection, it is a broad one, ranging from asymptomatic, mild upper respiratory tract disease to severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure and death. With a chance of severe clinical presentation close to 25%, SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to health service overload and increase the demand for material and human resources. Aiming to increase the availability of health professionals directly involved in care during the pandemic, the Ministry of Education authorized the early graduation for students pursuing careers in health, including medicine. Objective: The aim of this article is to obtain preliminary results of the impact of early graduation for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Observational and cross-sectional study, carried out by applying a questionnaire with 13 questions, five of which used a Likert scale of assessment, six in multiple choice format and two descriptive, via Google Forms, applied to medical students from the universities of Curitiba-PR that graduated earlier in mid-year 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: 113 recently graduated students answered the questionnaire.101 participants reported that they are working as physicians and, among them, 63.36% stated that they are working directly in the treatment of COVID-19 cases. Regarding the importance of an early graduation, most participants fully agree or agree, while only three participants totally disagree. More than half of the interviewees do not feel harmed by the early graduation. However, 43.3% believe they have failed to acquire important information for their training. Finally, regarding their performance in the pandemic, 79.6% consider important their role in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The study shows that, at first, the efforts to give the Class of 2020 an early graduation were successful, since these new physicians are contributing to alleviate workforce shortages and provide better care for patients during the pandemic.
A geografia da direita nacionalista em Portugal: contornos de um processo emergente
Authors: Madeira Paulo Miguel Fernandes , Silva Katielle Susane do Nascimento , Malheiros Jorge Silva Macaísta
Published: June 2021

Resumo A emergência da direita nacionalista em Portugal nas eleições legislativas de 2019 é aqui contextualizada nos fenómenos populistas europeus do mesmo tipo nas décadas mais recentes e na geografia do descontentamento que lhes está associada. A análise da territorialização da votação nesse novo partido, o Chega, na escala municipal, apresenta um padrão que não se coaduna com o que tem sido a geografia eleitoral em Portugal desde a Revolução Democrática de 1974, sugerindo as correlações com um conjunto alargado de variáveis com uma forte motivação identitária da sua base eleitoral, que aparece associada a alguns elementos de desvantagem social e económica. Simultaneamente, a sociologia dos eleitores do Chega apresenta alguns aspetos surpreendentes em face do que se sabe para a generalidade dos casos europeus.
Os interesses políticos no processo de criação da Região Metropolitana de Umuarama, PR
Authors: Oliveira Renato Alves de , Borges William Antonio
Published: June 2021

Resumo Neste trabalho, buscou-se construir uma inteligibilidade sobre os interesses políticos inscritos no processo de criação da Região Metropolitana de Umuarama (RMU). Para tanto, a pesquisa mobilizou a legislação vigente, o Estatuto da Metrópole, base jurídica para a dinâmica metropolitana e que estabelece critérios para a instituição de novas RMs. O percurso teórico abordou a literatura referente à questão metropolitana no Brasil e sobre o processo de políticas públicas. A metodologia empregada envolveu pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo realizadas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Como resultado, a narrativa construída conta-nos que a decisão de criação da RMU foi baseada em interesses políticos, vinculados ao status de pertencer a uma RM, interesses imobiliários e eleitoreiros.
L'INFLUENCE DE LA PENSÉE DE LANGUE FRANÇAISE DANS LE CHAMP DES SCIENCES ADMINISTRATIVES BRÉSILIENNES: UN REGARD FRANCO-QUÉBÉCOIS
Authors: Chanlat Jean-François
Published: June 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é dar uma olhada na influência que as obras de língua francesa têm exercido sobre a comunidade acadêmica brasileira nas últimas décadas, a partir do conhecimento do autor e sua longa associação do campo das ciências administrativas brasileiras. Para isso, o artigo está dividido em três partes. A primeira lembra a relação que o autor estabeleceu com a comunidade brasileira para localizar quem está falando e onde ele está falando. A segunda discute brevemente o vínculo histórico que o Brasil mantém, de um modo geral, com o pensamento francês. A terceira apresentará as principais correntes intelectuais que parecem, segundo o autor, ter chamado a atenção dos pesquisadores brasileiros em ciências administrativas. Esta reflexão se conclui com algumas considerações sobre o futuro da área e alguns desejos sobre as futuras relações entre pesquisadores brasileiros e pesquisadores francófonos.
TRAJETÓRIAS E VIVÊNCIAS DE FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES (AS) UNIVERSITÁRIOS (AS) NA CIÊNCIA DA COMPUTAÇÃO
Authors: Morais Pauleany Simões de , Souza Marlo , Alves Pietro Matheus Bompet Fontoura , Rosa Jean Clemisson Santos
Published: June 2021

A discussão sobre os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem tem sido tema de pesquisa em várias áreas da Ciência da Computação (CC) no Brasil e no exterior. A formação docente universitária configura-se como desafio histórico constituído, desde a origem da instituição, devido a sua natureza principal ser relacionada à pesquisa. Nesse sentido, este artigo apresenta um estudo realizado no Departamento de Ciência da Computação (DCC) da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Como procedimentos metodológicos, optamos pela abordagem qualitativa, do tipo exploratória, a partir da revisão da literatura e análise documental. Enquanto metodologia, entrevistas semiestruturadas e acompanhamento das aulas em turmas da Graduação de 09 (nove) professores/as. Este artigo busca contribuir para a formação docente universitária na CC, de modo a compreender as necessidades da área e a relação sistêmica que deveria ocorrer. Observa-se que as formações ofertadas na Graduação e na Pós-graduação poderiam ser instituídas de maneira interdisciplinar, com atuação de professores no fomento da práxis, a partir de encaminhamentos didático-pedagógicos e específicos da pesquisa em Computação e Tecnologia Educacional com ênfase na constituição dos saberes necessários à docência. Como resultado, ressalta-se a ênfase dada à pesquisa em detrimento da formação do docente universitária a nível de Mestrado e Doutorado, com ausência de uma atuação sistêmica entre as modalidades de ensino, bem como reflexões sobre a prática docente no Ensino Superior.
Role of Platelets in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Jain Nishank , Corken Adam L. , Kumar Amudha , Davis Clayton L. , Ware Jerry , Arthur John M.
Published: June 2021

Platelet-dependent mechanisms for excessive clotting and bleeding in CKD remain undefined. Moreover, platelets’ contribution to inflammation, and specifically to CKD, are equally elusive. To date, descriptions of changes in the functional properties of circulating platelets during CKD have provided confusing interpretations. Experimental approaches that can advance our understanding of platelet dysfunction in CKD are needed, and studies that provide mechanistic insights into the dynamic relationships between thrombosis, bleeding, and inflammation associated with CKD will be essential to improve clinical management and outcomes for this vulnerable population. This article summarizes existing literature characterizing platelets in CKD and identifies areas that need further investigation.
Current Methodological Challenges of Single-Cell and Single-Nucleus RNA-Sequencing in Glomerular Diseases
Authors: Deleersnijder Dries , Callemeyn Jasper , Arijs Ingrid , Naesens Maarten , Van Craenenbroeck Amaryllis H. , Lambrechts Diether , Sprangers Ben
Published: June 2021

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) allow transcriptomic profiling of thousands of cells from a renal biopsy specimen at a single-cell resolution. Both methods are promising tools to unravel the underlying pathophysiology of glomerular diseases. This review provides an overview of the technical challenges that should be addressed when designing single-cell transcriptomics experiments that focus on glomerulopathies. The isolation of glomerular cells from core needle biopsy specimens for single-cell transcriptomics remains difficult and depends upon five major factors. First, core needle biopsies generate little tissue material, and several samples are required to identify glomerular cells. Second, both fresh and frozen tissue samples may yield glomerular cells, although every experimental pipeline has different (dis)advantages. Third, enrichment for glomerular cells in human tissue before single-cell analysis is challenging because no effective standardized pipelines are available. Fourth, the current warm cell-dissociation protocols may damage glomerular cells and induce transcriptional artifacts, which can be minimized by using cold dissociation techniques at the cost of less efficient cell dissociation. Finally, snRNA-seq methods may be superior to scRNA-seq in isolating glomerular cells; however, the efficacy of snRNA-seq on core needle biopsy specimens remains to be proven. The field of single-cell omics is rapidly evolving, and the integration of these techniques in multiomics assays will undoubtedly create new insights in the complex pathophysiology of glomerular diseases.
Detection of Covid-19 from Chest CT Images using Xception Architecture: A Deep Transfer Learning based Approach
Authors: POLAT Özlem
Published: June 2021

Covid-19 infection, which first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019, affected the whole world in a short time like three months. The disease caused by the virus called SARS-CoV-2 affects many organs, especially the lungs, brain, liver and kidney, and causes a large number of deaths. Early detection of Covid-19 using computer-aided methods will ensure that the patient reaches the right treatment without wasting time, and the spread of the disease will be controlled. This study proposes a solution for detecting Covid-19 using chest computed tomography (CT) scan images. Firstly, image features are extracted using Xception network, convolutional neural network (CNN) based transfer learning architecture, then classification process is performed with a fully connected neural network (FCNN) added at the end of this architecture. The classification model was tested ten times on the publicly available SARS-CoV-2-CT-scan dataset containing 2482 CT images labelled as covid and non-covid. The precision, recall, f1-score and accuracy metrics were used as performance measures. While obtaining an average of 98.89% accuracy, in the best case, 99.59% classification performance was achieved. Xception outperforms other methods in the literature. The results promise that the proposed method can be evaluated as a clinical option helping experts in the detection of Covid-19 from CT images.
TYPOLOGY AND STRATEGIES OF CREATIVE RECEPTION: A CASE STUDY OF ENGLISH POSTMODERNIST POETRY AND PROSE
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Sloistova Maria S.
Published: June 2021

The paper focuses on complex research and description of creative reception theory and typology. There are provided definitions of such terms as reception, creative reception, creative reception strategies, and others. The author builds the typology of creative reception on the basis of works by E. V. Abramovskikh, S. Ye. Trunin, M. V. Zagidullina, V. I. Tyupa, and M. Naumann. This typology includes two types (or levels) of creative reception, defined as classic and postmodernist. Each of the types is characterized by a number of strategies, i. e. ways of representing an artistically received text in one’s own work. The classic type strategies (formal, authentic, neutral and antithetical) focus primarily on plot transformation. As for the postmodernist level, the author singles out two strategies: congenial and play. The theory and typology of creative reception is substantiated with some examples of reminiscences and allusions to English and world poetry. The examples under analysis are taken from the following prose works by the outstanding English postmodernist writer John Robert Fowles (1926–2005): the novel The French Lieutenant’s Woman (1969), the collection of long short stories The Ebony Tower (1974), the philosophic book The Aristos (1964), and also the lyric collection Selected Poems, published posthumously in 2012. The collection has not been translated into Russian yet. Therefore, the poem under analysis (Islanders) has been translated into Russian by the author of the present paper. The paper also deals with indirect Biblical reception which is found in the allusion to the ivory tower. The allusion gave the title The Ebony Tower both to Fowles’ long short story and collection as a whole. The author of the paper draws a conclusion about the dominant creative reception strategies in the literary works under analysis and also about the possible use of the presented creative reception typology in analyzing works by other writers.
THE NOVEL ‘ZUMALACÁRREGUI’ BY BENITO PÉREZ GALDÓS AND TRANSFORMATIONS OF HISTORICAL MYTHS IN LITERATURE
Authors:   Herzen University, Tereshchuk Andrei A.
Published: June 2021

The article studies the reflection of Carlist and ‘Liberal’ mythological concepts, formed in 1830s– 1890s in Spain, in the novel Zumalacárregui by Benito Pérez Galdós. There is given a brief overview of some previous research works concerning Galdós´s National Episodes and the novel Zumalacárregui. The paper focuses on the ways of representation of general Tomás de Zumalacárregui (1788–1835) in the novel and shows the processes of creating the myths related to the general. In the 19–20th centuries, Zumalacárregui became a hero for the representatives of three different ideologies: Carlism, Francoism, and Basque Nationalism. It is shown that mythologization of the general began just after his death in 1835. Based on the text of the novel, there are made conclusions concerning the sources that Galdós used when creating it. The writer studied the most relevant memoirs about the First Carlist War. The paper shows how Galdós’s text was influenced by the memoirs of A. Sabatier, Ch. F. Henningsen, F. von Lichnowsky, J. A. Zarátiegui, F. Fernández de Córdoba, and H. Du-Casse. It is also noted that Galdós could have been inspired by some pictures created in the traditions of ‘Carlist visual art’. It is concluded that the writer used both Carlist and ‘Liberal’ myths concerning Tomás de Zumalacárregui. The text of the novel is divided into two parts, ‘historical’ and ‘narrative’. The ‘historical part’, i. e. a general description of the First Carlist War military operations carried out in 1834–1835, is mainly based on Carlist sources. In this part, the general Zumalacárregui is described as a war hero. The ‘narrative part’ mainly refers to ‘Liberal’ sources. The author introduced in this part a fictional character, priest José Fago, being the general’s ‘double’. Through Fago’s moral doubts and hesitations Galdós showed the internal tension of Zumalacárregui.
THE ESSAY IN RUSSIAN 18th-CENTURY SATIRICAL MAGAZINES
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Trakhtenberg Lev A.
Published: June 2021

18th-century satirical magazines laid the foundations of the essay as a genre in the modern sense of the word. They formed a paradigm of essay in its various forms. The paper presents a typology of essays in satirical magazines. There are considered such magazines as Vsyakaya vsyachina (All Sorts of Things) edited by Catherine II, I to i se (This and That) and Parnasskiy shchepetil’nik (The Parnassian Vendor) by Mikhail Chulkov, Truten’ (The Drone), Pustomelya (The Tattler), Zhivopisets (The Painter) and Koshelek (The Purse) by Nikolai Novikov, Rasskazchik zabavnykh basen (The Teller of Amusing Stories) by Aleksandr Ablesimov etc. Essays are divided into three classes: in the first one, reflection and description form the structural basis of the text; the second is organized by narration; the third one combines the features of the first two. The classes are further subdivided into types according to the role of the editor as a fictitious persona being the primary subject of speech in the magazine. The first type of all classes is formed by essays that focus attention on the editor; articles where the editor plays a secondary role fall within the second type. In class I, type 1 is formed by essays characterizing the editor, while those in which other topics prevail fall under type 2. In class II, essays in which the editor takes part in the plot form type 1, while those where they do not fall into type 2. In class III, type 1 is characterized by the editor’s hegemony throughout the whole text, while in type 2 the editor’s position may change from part to part of the essay. The classification also takes into account such devices as dialogue and frame. Essays involving fantasy elements are specially marked. The editor’s persona makes essays in satirical magazines unique among all versions of the genre. It unites all the articles in a single magazine. This gives the magazine integrity, making it a continuum. Thus, essays become part of a complex literary unity.