bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Design of Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna with Circular Load for Bandwidth Enhancement in Radar Applications
Authors: Galuh Widya Cahyaningtyas  , Fannush Shofi Akbar  , Risdilah Mimma Untsa  , Puguh Chondro Jadmiko  , Efrilia M. Khusna  , Djoko Kuntjoro Tri Agus
Published: December 2024

Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) attracts a lot of attention because it has an important role in life through its various applications such as in security, navigation, transportation, telecommunications and medical applications. Ultra-wideband radar applications require accurate, high-resolution detection and good penetration capabilities. To fulfil this, the bandwidth required must be greater, resulting in a narrower pulse width. In this case, an antenna using ultra-wideband technology is needed to accommodate this. This research discusses the design of an ultra-wideband antipodal vivaldi antenna with the addition of circular loads designed to increase bandwidth in radar applications. The design and simulation in this study used CST Studio Suite 2019 software and then measured with a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to determine antenna performance. The results of this study show that the antenna can work at a frequency of 898.85 MHz to more than 3.2 GHz with a unidirectional radiation pattern. In addition, the gain generated in this study is 6.6 dBi, S1.1 -17.01 dB, and a bandwidth of more than 2301.15 MHz.
A Mobile App for Counting Shrimp Larvae Based on the YOLO V5 Method
Authors: Asmak Shochibah Yatimatul , Rizaldi Denny Daffa , Saputra Rendy Adi Fatma , Abseno Anan Pepe , Hananto Valentinus Robi , Oktarina Eka Sari
Published: December 2024

Manual counting of shrimp larvae in aquaculture is labour-intensive and time-consuming. This study aims to develop a mobile application to automate the counting process using an object detection algorithm. The application features dual functionality for real-time camera capture and image upload. Model performance was evaluated using several metrics, including Mean Average Precision, precision, and recall. The object detection model achieved a Mean Average Precision (mAP) of 93.93%, precision of 91%, and recall of 89.3%. Trials of the application demonstrated an average accuracy rate of 91.03% in detecting shrimp larvae. Despite challenges in detecting transparent larvae and distinguishing them from debris, the results indicate that the application holds promise for enhancing efficiency in shrimp farming operations. Future improvements may be directed towards enhancing application performance by refining the dataset and tuning model parameters to increase recall without compromising precision. This study represents a significant step towards integrating AI-driven technologies into aquaculture, potentially transforming the shrimp larvae counting and management process in the industry.
Measuring Library Service Excellence: Integrating Servqual with Accreditation Standards
Authors: Prastyabudi Wahyu Andy , Latifah Sephia Arda
Published: December 2024

The excellence of service provided by library serve as essential factors for maintaining student’s engagement and motivation in learning. However, the number of accredited libraries, indicating their quality, is relatively low. This paper aims to measure the service quality of a library owned by higher education institution in accordance with accreditation standards. Servqual (Service Quality) approach was employed with 20 distinct indicators derived from accreditation criteria. The respondents were students from a private university in Indonesia, accounting for 120. The method was followed by semi-structured interview for confirmatory analysis purpose. The findings reveal that 55% of the indicators rejected the null hypothesis, showing a negative gap between reality and expectations, which indicates a need for improvement. Quadrant-based mapping was utilised to identify the priority areas for improvement. Furthermore, list of recommendation based on accreditation component is provided, facilitating practical improvement steps for the library management.
Level of Knowledge and Incidence of Emergency Oncology: Febrile Neutropenia in Hematologic Cancer Patients Post Chemotherapy: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Suryaman Agus
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Febrile neutropenia is a life-threatening condition that is the most common oncological emergency, especially in cases of hematological cancer. Knowledge related to this condition can accelerate treatment and reduce mortality. The danger of this condition is not accompanied by sufficient information about it, research related to this is very rare, especially in Indonesia, including the incidence and knowledge of patients about febrile neutropenia. Objective: This study aims to determine the level of knowledge and incidence of febrile neutropenia in hematological cancer patients after chemotherapy. Method: This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used purposive sampling in hematologic cancer patients after chemotherapy at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, with a sample size of 40 respondents. Results: The results of the study showed that 26 respondents (65%) experienced neutropenia, and of that number, 8 respondents (35%) developed febrile neutropenia. Level of knowledge related to febrile neutropenia, as many as 25 respondents (62.5%) have low knowledge about febrile neutropenia. Discussion: febrile neutropenia post chemotherapy is riskier when the patient is at home, knowledge related to this problem is very important to prevent more dangerous conditions or death.
GAMBARAN KARAKTERISTIK DAN KECEMASAN IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER I TERHADAP PEMERIKSAAN TRIPLE ELIMINASI
Authors: Saptyani Putri Maretyara , Syamsiah Resti Ikhda , Farkhah Laeli Farkhah
Published: December 2024

Pendahuluan: Triple Eliminasi merupakan sebuah program kesehatan yang telah berlandaskan dasar hukum Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan nomor 52 tahun 2017 tentang "Eliminasi penularan Human Immunodefeciency Virus, Sifillis, dan Hepatitis B dari ibu ke anak. Data yang didapatkan di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Cilacap tahun 2023, cakupan pemeriksaan triple eliminasi pada ibu hamil tahun 2023 di Kabupaten Cilacap belum mencapai target Nasional, dengan jumlah cakupan pemeriksaan HIV pada ibu hamil sebesar 59,81%, pemeriksaan Hepatitis B sebesar 61,85%, dan pemeriksaan Sifilis sebesar 59,71%. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik. Pada tahap ini rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitaif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan satu tahapan yang dilakukan pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2024. Hasil: terdapat ibu hamil yang mengalami cemas ringan terhadap pemeriksaan triple eliminasi sejumlah 53 orang dan cemas sedang sejumlah 2 orang. Diskusi: Ibu hamil dengan cemas ringan mayoritas kelompok umur tidak beresiko, berpendidikan SMP-SMA, mendapat dukungan keluarga dan kelompok primigravida. Ibu hamil dengan cemas sedang mayoritas kelompok umur yang beresiko, berpendidikan SD, mendapat dukungan keluarga dan kelompok primigravida.
Kata kunci : kecemasan, triple eliminasi, ibu hamil
Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Its Role in the Development of Insulin Resistance
Authors: Abdullah Marwah Yakoop , AlQwaidi Saad Daham , Alshehri Aisha Mohammed , Alamry Fatimah Ali , Alamri Raghad Saad , Alsolbi Zainab Khaleel , Alqurashi Bushra Haidar , Aldandan Yousef Ali , Alrashidi Awadh Muhaysin , Aljumaie Maha Ayed
Published: December 2024

Obesity is a leading global health issue closely associated with metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). A central mechanism linking obesity to these metabolic dysfunctions is chronic, low-grade inflammation. In individuals with obesity, adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional, characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, hypoxia, and the infiltration of immune cells such as macrophages. These changes lead to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), which interfere with insulin signaling pathways. The activation of inflammatory pathways like nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) promotes the serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS), impairing their ability to propagate insulin signals effectively. This disruption leads to reduced glucose uptake in tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue, contributing to systemic insulin resistance. Additionally, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway exacerbates inflammation by activating caspase-1 and increasing IL-1β production, further impairing insulin signaling. Free fatty acids (FFAs) released from hypertrophic adipocytes also play a significant role in perpetuating inflammation and disrupting insulin sensitivity. FFAs activate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on immune cells, enhancing the inflammatory response and contributing to ectopic fat deposition in non-adipose tissues, further promoting insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanisms linking obesity-induced inflammation to insulin resistance provides insight into potential therapeutic interventions. Targeting chronic inflammation, modulating cytokine production, and addressing adipose tissue dysfunction may improve insulin sensitivity and help manage obesity-related metabolic disorders. This highlights the need for a multifaceted approach to treat obesity and its associated complications, particularly focusing on reducing inflammation to mitigate the risk of insulin resistance and T2DM.
Strategies for Achieving Optimal Aesthetics in Fixed Prosthodontics
Authors: Alfaer Ali Salem , Alyami Ibrahim Mohammed , Algethami Abdulrahman Mohammed , Koshak Abdullah Tariq , Zarei Sara Raed , Albassam Alhanoof Bassam , Alhazzani Khozama Saad , Mansour Fatimah Silan
Published: December 2024

Achieving optimal aesthetics in fixed prosthodontics involves a balance between material choice, shade matching and soft tissue management. The selection of materials has a significant impact on both the visual appearance and durability of dental restorations. All-ceramic systems, such as zirconia and lithium disilicate, have become popular due to their superior translucency and natural appearance, closely mimicking the properties of natural teeth. These materials offer enhanced biocompatibility and reduced risks of allergic reactions compared to traditional metal-ceramic restorations, while also providing strength and long-term durability. Precision in shade matching plays a key role in ensuring the restoration blends seamlessly with the surrounding teeth. Advances in digital tools, such as spectrophotometers and colorimeters, allow for more accurate shade selection by quantifying subtle variations in tooth color. These tools, combined with modern ceramics, enable clinicians to achieve superior aesthetic results, with restorations that closely resemble the patient’s natural dentition. Layering techniques using different ceramic shades further enhance the restoration’s natural appearance by replicating the optical properties of enamel and dentin. Proper management of gingival contouring is crucial for aesthetic success. A harmonious relationship between the prosthesis and the surrounding gingival tissue creates a more lifelike appearance, ensuring that the restoration blends naturally with adjacent teeth and soft tissues. Laser-assisted gingival contouring techniques offer precision and minimal invasiveness, enhancing the appearance of the prosthesis while maintaining healthy soft tissue. The interplay of these factors—material selection, shade matching, and gingival contouring—determines the overall aesthetic outcome of fixed prosthodontic treatments. As technology and materials continue to evolve, clinicians have more opportunities to provide patients with restorations that are both aesthetically pleasing and functionally durable.
Genetic and Environmental Factors in Susceptibility to Oral Diseases
Authors: Munshi Maha Assad , Alhabashi Yousef Kh , Alshahrani Norah Aedh , Mushabab Abdulaziz Abdullah , Alsaleh Osama Saeed , Alzahrani Abdulrahman Hamed
Published: December 2024

Oral diseases, such as dental caries, periodontitis, and oral cancers, are influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors. Genetic predispositions, including polymorphisms in genes related to immune response and tissue repair, increase susceptibility to oral diseases. Variants in genes like interleukin-1 (IL-1) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been associated with heightened inflammatory responses and tissue breakdown, contributing to the progression of periodontitis. Additionally, mutations in genes involved in enamel formation, such as AMELX, can lead to structural defects in teeth, increasing the risk of dental caries. Environmental factors, including diet, smoking, and lifestyle choices, further exacerbate oral disease risk. High sugar intake promotes the growth of acidogenic bacteria, leading to enamel demineralization and caries development. Smoking, in particular, accelerates periodontal disease progression and significantly raises the risk of oral cancer. The effects of environmental exposures are especially pronounced in individuals with underlying genetic vulnerabilities, highlighting the role of gene-environment interactions in oral disease susceptibility. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and microRNA regulation, add an additional layer of complexity to oral disease development. These modifications can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence, mediating the impact of environmental factors on genetic predispositions. Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes, such as CDKN2A, has been observed in oral cancer tissues, while altered histone acetylation patterns contribute to increased inflammation in periodontitis. Together, genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and epigenetic modifications create a multifaceted risk profile for oral diseases. Understanding the interactions among these factors is crucial for developing personalized prevention and treatment strategies aimed at improving oral health outcomes. Future research focused on these molecular mechanisms holds promise for advancing early diagnosis and tailored therapeutic interventions in oral healthcare.
أثر توجيه القراءات القرآنية المتواترة في بناء الخطاب العقدي في سورة الشورى
Authors: ALNaimi Fatma
Published: December 2024

This study examines the influence of mutawatir Quranic recitations on doctrinal discourse in Surah Ash-Shura, with a focus on the tonal differences between Meccan and Medinan surahs. Meccan surahs, such as Ash-Shura, adopt a severe tone to address polytheists opposing monotheism and Muhammad's prophethood, while Medinan surahs employ a calm, instructional tone for the believing community. Employing inductive, descriptive, and analytical methodologies, the research explores the role of recitations in shaping doctrinal messages. The findings reveal that mutawatir recitations enhance the clarity and interpretation of verses, particularly regarding God's names and attributes, and underscore the Quran's linguistic and semantic coherence and uniqueness
CONCEPTS AND DIMENSIONS OF MORALITY
Authors: Haque Israrul
Published: December 2024

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THE MAHDĪ'S CONCEPT AND USE OF 'HIJRAH'
Authors: VOLL John O.
Published: December 2024

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AL—FURŪQ AL—LUGHAWIYYAH THE CULMINATION OF A GENRE
Authors: Chaudhary Mohammad Akram
Published: December 2024

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USHŪR AND MAKS IN EARLY ISLAM
Authors: Ahmad Ziauddin
Published: December 2024

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THE ART OF TAJWĪD AMONG THE MUSLIMS OF SRI LANKA THE PERFORMANCE OF CORRECT RECITATION OF HOLY QUR'ĀN
Authors: Mahroof M.M.M.
Published: December 2024

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ISLAMIZATION AND STRATEGIES OF CHANGE — IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF EDUCATION
Authors: Zaman S. M.
Published: December 2024

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ISLAMIZATION IN PAKISTAN 1977 - 1985 THE ULAMA AND THEIR PLACES OF LEARNING
Authors: Malik S. Jamal
Published: December 2024

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ABŪ ṬĀLIB AL-MAKKĪ AND HIS QŪT AL-QULŪB
Authors: Shukri M.A.M.
Published: December 2024

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PREACHERS AND SUFI SINGERS IN THE CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM WORLD
Authors: Abu-Rabi Ibrahim M.
Published: December 2024

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THE DA'WAH APPROACH OF SHAYKH 'UTHMĀN DĀN FODĪYO
Authors: Musa Sulaiman
Published: December 2024

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THE MAKING OF "FATWĀ" IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ishak Othman
Published: December 2024

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SUHRAWARDĪ'S RATIONALISTIC APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM OF KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Aminrazavi Mehdi
Published: December 2024

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IMPACT OF EUROPEAN-CHRISTIAN RULE ON THE MUSLIMS OF SRI LANKA:
Authors: Mahroof M.M.M.
Published: December 2024

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Descartes and Al-Ghazali
Authors: Zamir Syed Rizwan
Published: December 2024

The epistemologies of René Descartes (d. 1650) and Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (d. 505/1111) have frequently been compared both by Muslim and Western scholars. The basis of comparison in the author’s view is immense similarities between Descartes and al-Ghazali as demonstrated by the structure, arguments, and the method in their respective Discours de la méthode and al-Munqidh min al-Dalal.The debate that revolves around al-Munqidh continues to present al-Ghazali as an anti-authoritarian character, much akin to modern thinking, and his doubt is, at best, pretentious. In this essay, we take issues with both conclusions. We attempt to show that neither al-Ghazali is opposed to acceptance of authority in knowledge (taqlid) nor his doubt plays any central role in his epistemology. A lot that has been said about al-Munqidh rests on interpreters’ failure to understand his explicit arguments and in tendentiously seeing him as a pre-modern skeptic. Any comparison of Descartes’ Discours de la méthode and al-Munqidh min al-Dalal cannot be faithfully made unless the confusions that surround the interpretation of the latter are clarified. Through an analysis of Descrates’ First Meditation and the conclusions drawn from our reading of al-Ghazali’s al-Munqidh we compare their epistemologies and show that not only their conclusions are very different, but even the initial skeptical moves are poles apart. This is accomplished by comparing Descartes’ “natural light” to al-Ghazali’s “divine light,” a comparison which provides us with the essential insight needed in our inquiry.
Southeast Asia’s Muslim Intellectuals as Educational Reformers
Authors: Haron Muhammed
Published: December 2024

Southeast Asia has been the birthplace of many important intellectuals; one the most prominent and well known is José Rizal [1861–1896] from the Philippines. Whilst some remain private intellectuals, others became prominent public intellectuals and their ideas stimulated debates that led to social and educational reforms. This review essay turns its focus to Rosnani Hashim’s edited volume that selected a few Muslim intellectuals and narrated their stories. Each of them left behind rich legacies and the chapters in this volume illustrated to what extent and in which way each of them made a difference to the education arenas in which they operated. This review essay thus seeks to reflect upon each of the chapters.
PERAN PETERNAK DAN INSEMINATOR TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN INSEMINASI BUATAN (IB) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS SAPI POTONG DI DESA PARIPPUNG KECAMATAN BAREBBO
Authors: Rahmi Yuliana , Saade Aminuddin , Triana Andi , Arwan
Published: December 2024

Inseminasi Buatan (IB) adalah teknologi reproduksi untuk meningkatkan perbaikan mutu genetik ternak. Keberhasilan IB dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor yaitu semen, ternak dan manusia (peternak dan inseminator). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran peternak dan inseminator terhadap keberhasilan IB dalam peningkatan produktivitas sapi potong di Desa Parippung, Kecamatan Barebbo. Kajian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2024, bertempat di Desa Parippung, Kecamatan Barebbo. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu peternak yang memiliki minimal satu ekor sapi betina yang pernah beranak dengan menggunakan teknologi IB berjumlah 33 orang dan inseminator sebanyak 3 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Analisis deskriptif menggunakan skoring dengan skala likert. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan rata- rata pengetahuan peternak 3,80 dengan kategori sangat berperan dan keterampilan peternak 3,87 dengan kategori sangat berperan serta rata-rata pengetahuan inseminator 4,67 dengan kategori sangat berperan dan keterampilan inseminator 4,60 dengan kategori sangat berperan. S/C diperoleh hasil yaitu sebesar 1,16 dengan kategori sedang dan CR diperoleh sebesar 84,4% dengan kategori baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa peternak dan inseminator mempunyai peran yang tinggi terhadap keberhasilan IB dalam meningkatkan produktivitas sapi potong di Desa Parippung, Kecamatan Barebbo.
A Study on the Mediating Effect of Trust in the Relationship between Adult Women’s Live Commerce Characteristics and Beauty Product Purchase-Related Behavior
Authors: Yoon Ju-Hyeon , Kim Ju-Youn
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to analyze the mediating effect of trust between the characteristics of live commerce and beauty product purchase-related behavior targeting adult women. Live commerce has become an important form of marketing that influences consumers’ purchasing behavior through various characteristics such as information provided in real time and interactivity. This study examined the impact of these characteristics of live commerce on consumers’ beauty product purchase-related behavior and confirmed that trust mediates the relationship in this process. As a result of the study, convenience of use and enjoyment during use had a great influence on consumers, and brand trust also showed higher levels. These results not only provide a clear idea of how to approach selling aesthetic products through live commerce, but also contribute to understanding the relationship between live commerce, consumer trust, and purchase-related behavior. Future research is required to consider additional variables or analyze the reasons for people who do not use live commerce.
Evaluation and Analysis of Major Competency Achievement in Beauty and Cosmetics Students: An Approach Based on Major, Academic Year, and Grade Point Average
Authors: Roh Eunmiri
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to assess the competency achievement levels of students in the Division of Beauty Science at K Women’s University by examining differences across major fields, academic years, and GPA (Grade Point Average). Data were obtained from a survey involving 196 participants. The primary competencies evaluated were “Science and Art Convergence,” “Problem-Solving,” and “Creativity, Communication, and Empathy.” Among these, “Creativity, Communication, and Empathy” recorded the highest average score of 3.95, followed by “Problem-Solving” with a score of 3.90, and “Science and Art Convergence” at 3.71, resulting in an overall average competency score of 3.84. The Cosmetics major demonstrated superior overall competency compared to beauty majors specializing in Makeup & Nail Art, Skin Care, and Hair. An analysis by academic year indicated that students from the second to fourth years achieved higher competency scores than first-year students, implying improved readiness and skill development with progression through the educational program. The relationship between GPA and competency levels was evident, as students with higher GPAs showed greater competency achievement. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations among the primary competencies, with strong links observed between “Science and Art Convergence,” “Problem-Solving,” and “Creativity, Communication, and Empathy.” The findings underscore the value of a comprehensive and integrated educational approach for enhancing competency development and suggest that tailored, immersive learning strategies may foster the growth of both academic and practical skills, emphasizing the necessity of comprehensive curriculum design and hands-on learning environments to produce well-rounded professionals.
The Relationship between Metacognition and Core Competencies of College Students Majoring in Beauty
Authors: Kim Han-Ji , Chon Hae-Jung
Published: December 2024

This study analyzed the influence of metacognition on core competencies of 342 college students majoring in beauty. Data were collected from March 13 to April 26, 2024. Among the sub-factors of metacognition, conditional knowledge and evaluative ability were found to have a significant impact on many core competencies. In particular, conditional knowledge had a significant impact on self-management, creative thinking, and problem-solving abilities, and evaluation ability was found to play an important role in creative thinking and community abilities. Additionally, declarative knowledge was found to have a positive effect on communication skills, and planning skills were found to contribute to enhancing creative thinking and curiosity. Based on these results, the need for developing an educational program that can strengthen the core competencies of beauty major students and systematically improve their field capabilities was suggested.
Surface Color and Dyeing Amount of Natural Hair Dyeing Using Cochineal
Authors: Jung Sang-Bin , Jang Ji-Yeon
Published: December 2024

This study analyzed the effects of mordants (alum, red clay, and salt) and dyeing temperatures (20°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C) on the natural dyeing of hair using cochineal. Hair samples were dyed according to combinations of each mordant and dyeing temperature, and the colors were measured using the CIE Lab* color space. The dye uptake was quantified using the K/S value. The experimental results showed that compared to the raw samples, the L*value decreased and the a* value increased under all dyeing conditions, indicating a more vivid color. At 20°C with alum, the L*value was 70.01, the a* value was 18.34, and the K/S value was 21.91, demonstrating the highest dye uptake. Red clay and salt also exhibited significant dye uptake with K/S values of 22.54 and 22.87, respectively. At 40°C with alum, the L*value decreased to 61.03, while the K/S value increased to 31.14. The K/S values for alum continued to rise at 50°C and 60°C, reaching 35.14 and 35.46, respectively. In contrast, red clay and salt showed relatively lower K/S values, but there was a trend of improved dye uptake with increasing dyeing temperatures. In conclusion, the combination of mordants and dyeing temperatures significantly affects dye uptake and color in natural hair dyeing with cochineal. Notably, using alum achieves high dye uptake. This study provides foundational data that can contribute to the optimization of natural dyeing and suggests the need for further research on combinations with various natural dyes and changes in the physical properties of hair after dyeing.
A Study on the Effect of Soap Containing Aroma Essential Oil on Skin Condition Improvement
Authors: Na Sun-Ok , Lee Jung-Hee
Published: December 2024

The study examined changes in skin conditions in soap containing aromas. Aroma soap was produced by complying with the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety’s notice and cosmetics safety standards and commissioned by an aroma expert. The essential oils used in soap used in prior studies used rosemary, lavender, cedarwood, cypress, iran iran, juniperberry and peppermint. The subjects of the study were adult women between the ages of 20 and 59 and were conducted in two groups: 23 control group, 23 experimental group, and 23 experimental group. The control group used aroma-free soap and the experimental group used aroma-containing soap. The measurement was made once a week for four weeks after the use of aroma soap. The measurement area was forehead, nose, left and right cheek. The items were compared by measuring skin pores, redness, skin texture, sebum, popyrin ratio, and moisture. The measuring instruments were measured using skin measuring instruments PIECO., Ltd. (Gennes Pro SUNLIKE Korea). As a result of the measurement, there was a significant change in the effect of improving skin conditions in the experimental group. Although there were differences by site due to detailed effects, there were significant differences in pore improvement effects (p<.01), redness improvement effects (p<.05), skin texture improvement effects (p<.01), sebum improvement effects (p<.05), and popyrinby improvement effects (p<.05). These results proved that the right choice of facial cleanser affects the improvement of skin conditions, and aroma essential oils can be effective for face washing in addition to nutritional absorption cosmetics. Therefore, this study is significant in that it demonstrates the effectiveness of facial cleansers on the skin, and details the basic methods and order for skin care and the scope of expansion of aroma utilization.
Mutational analysis of the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strains
Authors: Masood Abeerah , Batool Rida , Aneeba Fatima  , Javed Hasnain , Jamil Nazia
Published: December 2024

Tuberculosis is an endemic.  The menace of tuberculosis has affected one third of human population. Pakistan ranks 6th among high burden TB countries and 4th among the countries with highest rate of MDR-TB. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis, has an incubation time of 8 weeks. Its fast and rapid diagnosis is required for its effective control. Molecular methods have been developed for the rapid diagnosis of TB yet the importance of conventional methods cannot be denied. LJ Culturing is considered gold standard. In the present study, a total of 90 sputum samples were taken from different cities of Punjab, Pakistan. After decontamination, the samples were subjected to LJ culturing and fluorescent microscopy. GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay of the samples was also performed.  The sensitivity of GeneXpert in comparison to culturing and microscopy was calculated. PCR of 20 rifampicin resistant samples was also performed using the primers for rpoB gene and the purified amplicons were sequenced. The sequences were analysed through various bioinformatics tools. Phylogenetic tree was constructed in comparison with wild type H37Rv MTB strain and mutations leading to rifampicin resistance were determined. The results exhibited greater sensitivity of GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay over gold standard LJ culturing as well as fluorescent microscopy. The 49 suspected samples were found to be MTB positive with GeneXpert, 23 with microscopy and 20 with LJ culturing. Out of the 49 MTB positive samples, 23 were rifampicin resistant. Mutational analysis showed mutations in the 445th codon of RRDR of rpoB gene which inhibits the activity of RNA polymerase beta subunit. GeneXpert was found to be more sensitive than both LJ Culturing and smear microscopy. Mutational analysis showed mutations most frequently at codon 531. Mutations were also reported in other codons such as 533, 526 and 516 but these mutations were less frequent.
In Vitro Evaluation of Bacteriophage Efficacy against Diarrhea-Causing Escherichia coli
Authors: Humaira Arshad  , Iqbal Ahmad Alvi  , Muhammad Fayaz Khan  , Muhammad Hassan  , Javed Muhammad  , Saleem Afshan
Published: December 2024

Bacteriophages replicate within bacterial hosts, utilizing the host's biosynthetic machinery to release progeny phages. With the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, there is renewed interest in bacteriophages as effective therapeutic agents. In this study, three bacteriophages—PA, PB, and PC—were isolated and tested against E. coli strains 7, 17, and 20. We focus on the initial characterization of the lytic phage PA against E. coli strain 7. Bacterial identification was achieved through biochemical methods, including Eosin methylene blue agar growth, microscopy, catalase, and urease tests. Phage PA demonstrated significant inhibition of bacterial growth over 16 hours compared to an unexposed control. Notably, this bacteriophage exhibited a limited host range, effectively lysing only three bacterial strains among the 15 tested. Phage PA remained stable at 37°C and pH 7, highlighting its potential utility in controlling pathogenic E. coli infections. The extracted genome analysis indicated that phage PA is DNA-based, as evidenced by the absence of bands in DNase-treated samples and the presence of clear bands in RNase-treated samples on gel electrophoresis. This investigation of phage biological properties may provide valuable insights for the development of therapeutic interventions against multidrug-resistant E. coli.
KOBİ YÖNETİMİNİN FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIĞI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Çelebi Sevilay , Kaya Ferudun , Er Hülya
Published: December 2024

Finansal okuryazarlık, bireylerin ve işletmelerin finansal konularda bilgi sahibi olma, tasarruf etme, yatırım yapma gibi becerilerini içermektedir. KOBİ'lerin maliyetlerini etkili bir şekilde azaltmak, riskleri yönetmek ve gelecekte doğru finansal kararlar alabilmek için finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin yüksek olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bolu ilinde faaliyet gösteren KOBİ’lerin finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerini incelemektir. Çalışmada, veri toplamak amacıyla nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen 89 KOBİ'nin anket sonuçları doğrultusunda, katılımcıların finansal bilgi düzeyleri ile cinsiyetleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, finansal okuryazarlık düzeyi ile finansal davranış ve finansal bilgiler arasında da farklılıklar bulunmuştur. KOBİ çalışanları ve yöneticilerinin finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin artırılması, sağlıklı finansal kararlar alınmasını ve ekonomik refahın yükselmesini destekleyebilmektedir. Bu konuda yapılan sınırlı araştırmalar dikkate alındığında, çalışmanın hem sektöre hem de literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Enhancing Electric Vehicle Performance and Connectivity through Internet of Things Integration
Authors: Gudumian Sarfaraz , V Thiruppathy Kesavan , D Danalakshmi , P Bhavani , K B Bhaskar , G Vennira Selvi
Published: December 2024

Internet of Things (IoT) technology in Electric Vehicles (EVs) has the potential to enhance performance, connectivity, and the overall user experience. This connection improves EV efficiency, battery life, user interaction, charging infrastructure, and traffic management systems. Dependable communication networks, system compatibility, and data security are all essential. Several concerns must be solved before manufacturers can use the IoT in EVs. Internet of Things-based Accurate Estimation Monitoring Analysis (IoT-AEMA) is presented in this paper as a solution to address these problems. Intending to enhance energy management, safety, and predictive maintenance, the IoT-AEMA has taken the initiative. Electric vehicle (EV) performance can be monitored comprehensively and in real-time with the help of IoT-AEMA, which utilizes IoT technology. This technology makes monitoring metrics like energy use and battery health more accurate. Proactive maintenance is made possible, and communication with smart infrastructure is improved. Improving electric vehicle (EV) connection and efficiency has never been easier than with this scalable solution that prioritizes sustainability. This objective will be accomplished by providing extensive analysis and monitoring of vehicle parameters in real-time. These applications use this technology to enhance data accuracy, the decision-making process for drivers and manufacturers, and the development of intelligent transportation networks. The effectiveness of IoT-AEMA has been demonstrated through simulation studies in various circumstances. By giving accurate insights and encouraging collaboration, this research implies that the electric vehicle industry is on the verge of experiencing a paradigm change. According to the information presented in this article, the IoT and advanced energy management have the potential to make EVs more dependable, efficient, and integrated into the infrastructure of smart cities. The proposed method increases the Energy Management Optimization ratio by 97.6%, Data Accuracy ratio by 90.2%, Predictive Maintenance ratio by 95.7%, System Compatibility ratio by 93.4% and Reliability Analysis ratio by 98.4% compared to other existing methods.
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Potential of Aegel marmelos Fruit Pulp Extracts against Clinical Pathogens
Authors: A Saranya , K Sivakumari , S Rajesh , Devi Shyamala , K Padmavathy , M Hemalatha
Published: December 2024

In India, a wide range of medicinal plants are reported. Since ancient times, these medicinal plants have been used by people for the treatment of several diseases. Herbal medicines typically have fewer side effects compared to synthetic medicines, and they are also non-expensive. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant, in vitro anti-inflammatory activity through HRBC membrane stabilization, as well as the antimicrobial potential of fruit pulp extracts obtained from Aegle marmelos (A. marmelos). The antioxidant activity of the fruit pulp extracts was assessed using the DPPH assay. Various A. marmelos fruit pulp extracts viz., aqueous, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol and L-ascorbic acid were found to have IC50 values of 91.168 µg/mL, 153.22 µg/mL, 195.58 µg/mL, 164.741 µg/mL and 39.488 µg/mL, respectively, while for L-ascorbic acid (standard) it was 57.823 µg/mL. The anti-inflammatory activity of the fruit pulp extracts of aqueous, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol are also dependent on the concentrations. The hemp production (IC50) concentration was 99.761 µg/mL, 114.443 µg/mL, 167.423 µg/mL, 118.397 µg/mL and 23.244 µg/mL. Likewise, the antimicrobial activity of A. marmelos fruit pulp extracts demonstrated significant effects against clinical pathogens. Comparatively, the methanol fruit pulp extract of A. marmelos showed higher antimicrobial activity than that of the other four extracts; methanol fruit pulp extract contributed significantly to the development of antimicrobial properties. The findings of this study, thus, methanol fruit pulp extract, clearly showed that it had the strongest antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity when compared to the other four extracts.
Enhancing Safety Solutions through Blockchain Technology and Digital Signatures
Authors: Gudumian Sarfaraz , A Lizy , S Jagadeeswari , S Chinnadurai , V Thiruppathy Kesavan , R Gopi
Published: December 2024

Blockchain technology’s secure, decentralized platforms have revolutionized multiple industries. This paper discusses possible problems with employing blockchain technology to ensure security. This poses a question about scalability, privacy, and regulatory compliance. It suggests an approach to Blockchain-based Digital Signature Security Analysis (B-DSSA). This solution increases digital signature algorithms using the transparency and immutability of blockchain. This engineering makes it possible for electronic communications to be valid, intact and non-repudiated, making it applicable for secured settings like healthcare, finance, supply chain management etc. As results indicate, substantial advances have been made in preventing unauthorized access and tampering in digital transactions. By combining public and private blockchains, this method achieves scalability while protecting the privacy of sensitive data. This configuration makes it possible for real-time applications in healthcare and finance by optimizing resource utilization, maintaining high data integrity, and enabling speedier processing. Document signing systems, identity verification, and contract execution are some of the examples showing the flexibility and endurance of blockchain-based security solutions through B-DSSA. The paper reveals how blockchain technology may revolutionize the field of safety, leading to further research on marketing orientation issues.
Evaluasi Persediaan Perishable Raw Material Pada Industri Kecil Menengah Makanan Olahan Menggunakan Multi-Item Economic Order Quantity
Authors: Syahmer Verra , Rishelin Nadya , Nata Refky Adi
Published: December 2024

Raw material inventory is a crucial aspect of a business, as it can significantly affect the costs incurred. One type of raw material is perishable raw material, which, due to its nature, relates to shelf life and can impact not only the quantity of inventory but also inventory costs. One business that utilizes perishable raw materials is the small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) producing serundeng, using sweet potatoes and ghost peppers as perishable raw materials. The use of easily spoilable raw materials can be detrimental to SMEs if not managed properly. To avoid losses and improve efficiency, an analysis will be conducted by calculating inventory control. This research employs the multi-item Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method, considering expiration dates and quantity discounts. The final outcome of the research includes a comparison of inventory levels between conventional methods and the proposed method, along with an analysis of the management implications of the findings. The results indicate that the total inventory costs without utilizing inventory control methods are higher than those using inventory management techniques. Therefore, this study provides insights to SMEs that effective inventory control can help the company not only reduce expenses but also increase revenue.
Redesain Kemasan Keripik Tempe Menggunakan Metode Quality Function Deployment dan Value Engineering
Authors: Ernawati Siti , Muhammad Katon , Asyari Hasyim
Published: December 2024

The existing Gandhes tempeh chips packaging is not air- and water-tight so it is at risk of damage such as not crispy, easily destroyed, and rancid odor. These packaging problems require packaging development in order to improve the function of the packaging. The purpose of this study is to determine packaging attributes based on consumer preferences to increase the value of Ghandes tempeh chips packaging based on the highest value. Improvement is done by integrating Quality Function Deployment and Value engineering techniques with the help of House of Quality, FAST diagram, and concept combination table. Quality Function Deployment method to identify customer needs by finding weights and technical responses, while Value engineering to analyze packaging functions needed by consumers and recommend the best packaging based on the highest value. The results are 10 attributes that become consumer needs (whats) and 12 technical responses (hows). The results showed 4 alternative packaging concepts that can be made and sorted to determine the best concept in terms of cost and performance. The selected alternative concept is Alternative C with a score of 1.78. The selected packaging specifications include 100 micron metalized paper material, information label, matte finishing, standing pouch, size 17×29 cm, weight 200 grams, ziplock packaging, price per package Rp 2,850, using a combination of red and orange colors. It can be concluded that this proposal is the best proposal in terms of the highest value. This recommendation can be considered capable of fulfilling consumer desires for Gandhes tempeh chips packaging.
Penggunaan Biji Pepaya Sebagai Koagulan Alami Dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik
Authors: Adawiyah Syardah Ugra Al , Koly Faryda Veronica Lamma
Published: December 2024

One of the chemical contaminants in domestic wastewater is phosphate. High phosphate levels in water can cause algae bloom (eutrophication), which leads to a decrease in oxygen concentration in the water body and subsequently results in the death of aquatic organisms. Papaya seeds contain natural polymers in the form of proteins that act as natural polyelectrolytes, helping to reduce chemical contaminants in waste. This study aims to determine the most effective dose of papaya seed coagulant (Carica papaya L.) for lowering phosphate levels, turbidity and pH of domestic wastewater. An experimental method was used with varying sizes and doses of papaya seed coagulant: 70, 80 dan 90 mesh, and doses: 0.5 grams, 1 gram, 1.5 grams, and 2 grams, tested using a jar test. The reduction in phosphate levels in domestic wastewater was measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed the treatment of domestic wastewater for reducing phosphate levels using papaya seed (Carica papaya L.) coagulant can be achieved by adding 2 grams of coagulant with a particle size of 90 mesh. Under these conditions, the phosphate levels decreased from 2.1529 mg L⁻¹ to 0,1907 mg L⁻¹, with an efficiency of 88.96%. According to the Domestic Wastewater Quality Standard No. 68 of 2016, the maximum allowable phosphate concentration is 0.2 mg L⁻¹, making the research results close to the established standard. Additionally, turbidity decreased from 86.55 NTU to 26.40 NTU, while the pH level increased from 6.5 to 6.9. This study suggests that papaya seeds could be a cost-effective, sustainable alternative for domestic wastewater treatment, especially in reducing phosphate contamination and helping maintain water quality
PERANCANGAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN ARSIP ELEKTRONIK PADA BAGIAN EKSPOR IMPOR DI PT. SEMERU KARYA BUANA
Authors: Sunardiansyah Yogi Akbar , Shoffiyati Peni , Rahman Muhammad Fadhlul
Published: December 2024

Record is an important aspect to a company’s administration. In the import export department at PT Semeru Karya Buana, this matter is even more significant because of its role as one of the requirements from government to acquire the economical facilities and advantages as a bonded zone company. In the beginning of 2023, company have a lot of reimport, which needs records’ retrieving related to the transaction. But, because of the inexistence of sufficient record management system, it has become a problem in effectiveness and efficiency. That’s why, the existence of an electronic records management system enables the company to do records-related activities like storing, searching and retrieving of records easier compared to a conventional records management system. The design of this electronic records management system is based on System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) waterfall model and black box testing. The data used in this research are the results of writer’s observation while having the second and third period industrial practice in 2023. The research results show that this electronic archive management system is able to provide a more efficient mechanism for searching and retrieving documents. This system has proven to be a better alternative for archiving activities in the export-import department of PT. Semeru Karya Buana compared to the conventional archiving methods previously used.
ANALISIS POTENSIAL BAHAYA DAN RISIKO KECELAKAAN KERJA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS
Authors: Kaidah Sri , Prasojo Wahyu Hari , Prasetio Muhammad Ari , Sitorus Tosty Maylangi
Published: December 2024

Every workplace has a risk of occupational accidents. A work accident is an unplanned and uncontrollable event caused by human factors, the Environment, machines or a combination of the three occurring during the work process that is likely to cause injury, property damage and death or other undesirable events. Work accidents that occur always bring losses such as a decrease in the company's productivity because employees cannot work optimally, loss of manpower and of course reduce the company's profits. This research aims to analyze the order of priority for handling potential hazardous hazards that result in work accidents, analyze high-risk processes/activities that result in work accidents, and analyze control recommendations for potential hazards that have the risk of resulting in work accidents. The analysis method that will be used is the failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) method. The results of the study show that the potential danger of exposure to hot temperatures (melting process) has an RPN value of 297.7 so that the most risky production process is the process of forming or molding raw materials. The priority order of handling potential hazards from the glass bottle production process is exposure to hot temperatures, noise, exposure to glass bottle fragments, suffocation and being pinched by machines/conveyors. The controls that must be carried out are providing fans, providing insulation and shields, and providing drinking water so that the operator does not suffer from dehydration.