bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food detection in medieval acoustic vessels
Authors: Facincani Filip , Pavelka Jaroslav
Published: January 2025

The subject of the article is two systems of acoustic vessels from the Church of St. Gall in Myšenec, which is associated with the production of the so-called Zvíkov and Písek architectural workshop, and All Saints Church in Kovářov in South Bohemia. These vessels, built into the vault, were placed with their rim facing the interior of the presbytery and their bottom in the space of the attic at the same time as the construction of the vault and were probably intended to improve the acoustics of the interior of the presbytery. In the foreign synthesising literature, examples are described of custom-made vessels as well as secondarily used household vessels, i.e. those primarily intended for food storage. The paper aims to precisely determine the primary role of the vessels found in the two studied churches by detecting the hypothetical presence of food residues in them. Samples were taken from the inner surfaces of the vessels and their analysis showed a weak signal of casein (milk) in one case and a strong signal of gliadin (grain) in the other. The multiple potential functions of the vessels embedded in the vaults are discussed in the context of Czech examples and foreign research on acoustic vessels.
Strengthening of Indonesian Cultural Literacy for Students of Osaka University of Japan through Traditional Arts and Sports Based on Local Wisdom
Authors: Andriyanto Octo Dendy , Nurhadi Didik , Arief Nur Ahmad , Wijaya Andhega , Sukarman  , Mael Masilva Raynox , Vientiani Cynthia
Published: January 2025

This study aims to introduce and promote Indonesian arts and culture at the Graduate School of Humanities, Indonesian Foreign Studies, Osaka University, Japan. The high interest in learning the Indonesian language at Osaka University requires strong support in the aspects of arts, culture, and even traditional sports to enrich knowledge of Indonesian local wisdom. Strengthening cultural literacy through traditional arts and sports emphasizes the values of local wisdom, particularly solidarity, mutual cooperation (gotong royong), honesty, as well as mental and physical health for Osaka University students through Indonesian cultural learning. This activity employs the Empowerment-Based Research (EBR) method, starting from identifying problems, designing activities, evaluation, and dissemination. As a result, students and lecturers from the Graduate School of Humanities, Indonesian Foreign Studies at Osaka University actively participated in the designed training sessions. These trainings focused on introducing dining etiquette, traditional herbal drinks (jamu), traditional music with angklung, and traditional sports such as Patil Lele and Gobag Sodor. Through this training, the aim is not only to teach the materials but also to highlight cultural values and local wisdom as part of cultural diplomacy.
Comparative Analysis of Keypoint Detection Performance in SIFT Implementations on Small-Scale Image Datasets
Authors: Rahman Arif , Suprihatin  , Riadi Imam , Tawar  , Furizal
Published: January 2025

Scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) is widely used as an image local feature extraction method because of its invariance to rotation, scale, and illumination change. SIFT has been implemented in different program libraries. However, studies that analyze the performance of SIFT implementations have not been conducted. This study examines the keypoint extraction of three well-known SIFT libraries, i.e., David Lowe's implementation, OpenSIFT, and vlSIFT in vlfeat. Performance analysis was conducted on multiclass small-scale image datasets to capture the sensitivity of keypoint detection. Although libraries are based on the same algorithm, their performance differs slightly. Regarding execution time and the average number of keypoints detected in each image, vlSIFT outperforms David Lowe’s library and OpenSIFT.
Application of Machine Learning in Fault Detection And Classification in Power Transmission Lines
Authors: Michel Evariste Tshodi  , Nathanael Kasoro  , Freddy Keredjim  , ALbert Ntumba Nkongolo  , Jean-Jacques Katshitshi Matondo  , Paul Mbuyi Balowe  , Laurent Kitoko
Published: January 2025

Electrical faults have been identified as a significant contributing factor to electrical equipment damage. Such incidents can potentially result in a range of adverse consequences, including bushfires, electrical outages, and power shortages. The detection and classification of faults facilitates the delivery of superior quality of service, the preservation of the environment, the prevention of equipment damage, and the satisfaction of electricity line subscribers. In this study, we analyze the data from an electrical network comprising four generators of 11 kV, which have been modeled in Matlab. The generators are situated in pairs at either end of the transmission line. Subsequently, machine learning techniques are employed to detect faults in the transmission between lines, and machine learning models are utilized to classify the faults. Four distinct supervised machine learning classifiers are employed for comparison purposes, with the results presented in a confusion matrix. The results demonstrated that decision trees are particularly well-suited to this task, with an 88.6205% detection rate and a slightly higher accuracy than the random forest algorithm (87.9212% detection rate). The K-nearest neighbor's approach yielded a lower result (80.4196% of faults detected), while logistic regression demonstrated the lowest performance, with 34.5836% of faults detected. Six fault categories were found in the dataset: No-Fault (2365 occurrences), Line A Line B to Ground Fault (1134 occurrences), Three-Phase with Ground (1133 occurrences), Line-to-Line AB (1129 occurrences), Three-Phase (1096 occurrences) and finally Line-to-Line with Ground BC (1004 occurrences).
Residual or Functional? A Taxonomy of the Uses of paragraphoi in Greek Epigraphical Texts
Authors: Amendola Davide
Published: January 2025

The chapter surveys the occurrences of the lectional sign known as the paragraphos and how it is employed in the Greek epigraphic record, in an attempt to counter the idea that it is irrelevant to inscriptional evidence. By drawing on a corpus of around a hundred instances, it is possible to outline at least three ways or contexts in which this sign is used, namely: (1) to highlight the entries in lists, accounts, or catalogues; (2) to mark the sections of texts consisting of clauses (such as religious regulations, diagrammata, and the like); (3) to divide documents from each other in epigraphic dossiers. Moreover, this large-scale analysis of paragraphoi in inscriptions on stone, lead, and bronze from across the entire Greek world permits the conclusion that the paragraphos may sometimes occur in the form of a horizontal dash at mid-height within the line. In addition to showing that the mark is often all but a residual or desultory element accidentally preserved in the transition from draft copies on soft materials to publication on non-perishable media, this collection of examples clearly shows that the paragraphos had already begun to be employed in texts written on durable materials in the late Archaic period and that therefore its use cannot be considered peculiar to papyrological evidence, as is often stated.
Stone to Stone. Patterns and Layouts in Re-Engraved Dedicatory Inscriptions
Authors: Borsano Leon Battista
Published: January 2025

Layout issues have never been systematically considered in relation to re-engraved epigraphic texts. In such cases, focusing on layout is important not only for the sake of restoring missing words, but also in order to reach a better understanding of the decisions made by stonecutters when confronted with older inscriptions. The aim of this chapter is to select, from the broad spectrum of re-inscriptions, those in which stonecutters were able to interact directly with the epigraphic “originals,” and, in cases where both versions are preserved, to analyze whether and to what extent this interaction occurred. To this end, the first part of the chapter discusses a taxonomy of re-inscriptions, with specific attention to the spatial, temporal, and functional distance between various versions, while the second part offers an overview of seven case studies drawn from the genre of dedicatory inscriptions, in order to determine whether the layout of older versions is preserved or discarded in the later ones.
Gallbladder Perforations
Authors: Kızılkaya Erhan , Uğur Mustafa , Temiz Muhyittin
Published: January 2025

Gallbladder perforations are a rare cause of acute abdomen with high morbidity and mortality rate. Its incidence has been reported to be between 2 and 11% [1, 2]. Complaints and timing of hospital admission vary in these patients. This is a significant obstacle to early diagnosis. Known risk factors are male gender, acute cholecystitis, other gallbladder diseases, cardiovascular system, and systemic diseases such as diabetes [3, 4].
Gastroscopy Results before Obesity Surgery and Its Effects on Surgery
Authors: Kızılkaya Erhan
Published: January 2025

Obesity is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as excessive weight gain in the body to the extent that it disrupts a person's physical and psychological daily life. Although the factors that cause the development of obesity cannot be fully explained, excessive and improper nutrition and lack of physical activity caused by the metropolitan lifestyle are considered the most important causes of obesity. Obesity can lead to health problems such as heart diseases, diabetes, hypertension, obstructive respiratory diseases and some types of cancer. Diet, exercise therapy, behavior change, medical treatment and surgical treatment methods are used in the approach to obesity patients. Since the surgical treatment method carries high risks in itself, evaluation with esophagogastroduodenoscopy before the procedure has an important place.
Irrigation Management in Times of Shortage, Contraints, Strategies and Adaptive Measures for Irrigators in Falki and Gadouram (Mirriah-Zinder-Niger)
Authors: Aboubacar Yerima Bako Djibo , Yadji Guero , Salifou Illa
Published: January 2025

Abstract : Climate change in Niger in general and in the study area in particular has led to a socio-environmental change. The main consequence of this situation was a drop in yields in a context where food needs are increased. Today, we are increasingly seeing the promotion of irrigated agriculture which increasingly makes up for the deficits recorded by rain-fed production. The present study conducted in the rural commune of Mirriah aims to carry out an investigation into the analysis of irrigation management in periods of shortage, strategies and local adaptive measures used by farmers at the market gardening sites of Falki and Gadouram. The methodology consisted of visiting these sites to speak with producers in order to get to grips with the problem relating to irrigation water in times of shortage. Thus, a survey was conducted among 230 producers from the 2 study sites, or 13.2% of all irrigators. The results of the study show that the mode of access to land is among others: 67.91% inheritance, 25.5% purchase, 5.3% loans and 1.25% rental. The chi-square test showed that the strategies and adaptive measures used by irrigators to deal with multiple and untimely shortages do not vary significantly depending on the market gardening sites (P=0.464). The results of this study reveal a range of strategies developed and measures taken by operators. The strategies include: the construction of traditional cesspools (23%); the use of connected motor pumps (24.8%); irrigation during the night or very early in the morning (27%); the cleaning and deepening of wells or sumps (7.8%); the choice of early or resistant varieties, the reduction in cultivated area and 6% of producers took no adaptation measures, due to a lack of technical and financial resources. In order to increase water retention capacity and improve irrigation management, the State must build irrigation canals in concrete or reinforced concrete from the Timballa dam to the Falki pond in order to reduce ...
A Case Series on Open Heart Surgery in Pregnant Patients: A Single Centre Experience. What Are the Key Takeaway Messages?
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Nallasamy Nakhieeren , Rahman Mohd Firdaus Abd , Francis Thomas , Kamarulzaman Hamzah , Nor Mohamad Arif Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Conducting open-heart surgery during pregnancy is rare and involves significant risks to both mother and fetus. This case series explores the clinical course, management, and outcomes of two pregnant patients undergoing open-heart surgery in a single tertiary care center. Two cases were analyzed retrospectively. Case 1 involved a 25-year-old woman undergoing emergency aortic valve replacement for Stanford A aortic dissection at 27 weeks of gestation. Case 2 featured a 32-year-old patient with severe mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation undergoing mitral valve replacement at 29 weeks. Both cases required cesarean delivery for fetal management. Both patients demonstrated favorable maternal outcomes, including stable cardiac function postoperatively. Case 1 experienced transient lung consolidation but was managed successfully. Both neonates, born prematurely, required respiratory support. However, they displayed steady progress throughout. Optimized timing, multidisciplinary management, and modified cardiopulmonary bypass protocols are important to improving outcomes. Despite challenges, advancements in surgical and neonatal care provide promising results for these complex cases.
When a Road Traffic Accident Reveals an Intravitreal Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Bouabbadi Charaf , Achegri Youssef , Bouimtarhan Ayoub , Sadiki Samah , Elkhouyaali Adil , Fiqhi Aissam , Mouzari Yassine
Published: January 2025

Vitreous cysts, whether congenital or acquired, are rare ocular malformations. We report the case of a 70- year-old patient who sustained multiple traumas following a severe road traffic accident. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intravitreal cyst associated with intravitreal hemorrhage and a subluxated left lens. The remaining findings were unremarkable. Two months later, a combined procedure involving phacoemulsification, vitrectomy, and implantation of a posterior iris-claw intraocular lens was performed. Histopathological analysis of the cyst identified a ciliary epithelial cyst with no evidence of malignancy. Postoperatively, the patient’s visual acuity improved significantly, from hand motion to 10/10. Pigmented or non-pigmented vitreous cysts are exceptionally rare and originate from the pars ciliaris or the hyaloid system. They are often asymptomatic and incidentally discovered, requiring no specific treatment. Management of vitreous cysts should be undertaken with caution and tailored to the clinical indications.
INFLUENCE OF MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS ON THE REAL ESTATE MARKET
Authors:   GGNTU named after academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Khaidov Humaid Ya. , Edilsultanova Lala A. ,   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of macroeconomic indicators on the real estate market. The purpose of the study is to identify the most significant macroeconomic factors that determine the dynamics of residential real estate prices and transaction volumes. Within the framework of the research the following tasks were set: analysis of the influence of interest rates, inflation, unemployment rate and GDP on prices and sales volumes of real estate; construction of an econometric model reflecting the relationship between macroeconomic indicators and the real estate market; testing of hypotheses about the significance of the identified factors. As a result of the study, a statistically significant relationship between interest rates, inflation and GDP, on the one hand, and real estate prices, on the other. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the application of the refined econometric model for the analysis of the real estate market [of a particular region/country], which allows to obtain more accurate forecasts. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of using the developed model for forecasting the dynamics of the real estate market and making informed investment decisions.
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT IN ECONOMIC CRIMES
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Timas Tamerlan N.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the relevance of strengthening Russia’s economic security in the context of combating the criminalization of the economy. Attention is paid to two key documents — the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation and the Strategy of Economic Security of the Russian Federation until 2030, emphasizing the importance of protecting the economy from threats related to criminal activity. Special attention is paid to the assessment of damage caused by economic crimes as a key element of legal regulation. The methods of damage assessment, such as direct, indirect, comparative and modeling, as well as the role of experts in the assessment process are considered. Changes in legislation aimed at adapting to the economic situation and their impact on the qualification of economic crimes are also discussed. In conclusion, the importance of an integrated approach in the fight against economic crimes and the need to improve damage assessment methods to increase the effectiveness of the fight against criminalization of the economy in Russia is emphasized.
RESEARCH OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS BASED ON MANAGEMENT OF NETWORK INFORMATION SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Shudueva Zalina A. , Goryavina Svetlana A. ,   Kazan State Energy University
Published: January 2025

The ability to ensure the integrity of information in the process of transmitting information over the network. Only by ensuring the integrity of the information can the value of the transmitted information and the maximum function and role of the network be further reflected. The transmission of information must be involved.
STATE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE REGION
Authors:   Kazan Cooperative Institute (Branch) of the Russian University of Cooperation, Zhilina Nadezhda N. , Goncharov Vladislav A. ,   Kazan Cooperative Institute (Branch) of the Russian University of Cooperation
Published: January 2025

From a strategic perspective, the development of tourism in Russia is a promising component for the development of the country in the field of innovation, improving the standard and quality of life of the population, reducing unemployment, increasing budget revenues, attracting capital investments, and is also a lever of the mechanism for the reproduction of labor resources and the rational use of land resources. Tourism is a new innovative way of development of our country. Against the background of growing demand for domestic tourism, this industry will be modernized, will go through the path of infrastructural development and will take on a “look” that meets all the needs of tourists. In the new conditions, the development of this area requires the creation of integration structures and a cluster approach. Each tourist and recreational cluster in our country has its own characteristics, has unique and inimitable features that are not peculiar to other clusters. At the moment, the Krasnodar Territory is actively developing a tourism cluster, but in the context of the global crisis and unstable macroeconomics, the development of a resort and tourism cluster is accompanied by a number of problems: underutilization of tourist and recreational potential by regions, lack of service facilities, low quality of services, high degree of depreciation of fixed assets, low allocation of resources to reduce risks, low growth rates domestic and inbound tourism, environmental problems, low level of government cooperation with the population, etc.
All these problems of the resort and tourism cluster hinder the effectiveness of the progress of this direction and contribute to the growth of risks, therefore tourism needs to improve its development strategy and form an adequate mechanism for managing the development of regions.
THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Yandarbieva Luisa A. , Abdukadirova Iman T. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University Faculty of Secondary Vocational Education, Kosulin Valery V. ,   Kazan State Energy University
Published: January 2025

information technologies have been integrated into the financial management of public institutions, especially the use of computerized accounting of public institutions, which has increased the level of financial management and efficiency of public institutions and adapted to the requirements of the financial system. Therefore, strengthening the analysis of the impact of information technology on financial management of public institutions is an important part of increasing the level of informatization of building financial management of public institutions in our country, which will be discussed in the article.
THE USE OF STATISTICAL METHODS AND MODELS FOR FORECASTING: FROM GENERAL PRINCIPLES TO APPLICATION IN CUSTOMS AFFAIRS
Authors:   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Musayeva Marha S.-M. , Rasumova Zarema S. ,   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the review of statistical methods and models used for forecasting, with emphasis on their use in customs affairs. The aim of the study is to systematize the existing approaches and evaluate their effectiveness in the context of customs control tasks. The paper analyzes time series methods (ARIMA, Prophet), regression analysis, neural networks and machine learning methods and discusses their advantages and limitations. The results demonstrate that the choice of the optimal method depends on the specifics of the data, the complexity of the problem and the required accuracy of the forecast. In particular, ARIMA and Prophet models are effective for forecasting import/export volumes of certain goods, and neural networks are effective for identifying potential smuggling risks. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations for the optimization of customs control, scientific novelty — in a comprehensive analysis of the applicability of various statistical methods to the problems of customs forecasting, including an assessment of their effectiveness in conditions of limited data.
COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Baydarova Ayset U. , Gibadullin Radik Z. ,   Kazan State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

This revolution was mainly represented by information technology, which profoundly and widely changed all aspects of human production and life. Among them are the implementation and development of communication technologies, the symbol of which is the phone. This has effectively strengthened the bonds between people and brought exchanges and communication between people to a new area. At the same time, the use of computer technology has also broadened people’s horizons, allowing people in different regions to simultaneously receive the latest information. We can say that both of them powerfully contribute to the progress and development of technological society. Today, the effective integration of communication and computer technologies has increased the convenience of information transfer. In this article, communication technologies and computer technologies are taken as objects of research, and their integration and development are discussed.
PROCESSING UNSTRUCTURED DATA USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
Authors:   University of Electric Power Engineering, Hau Nguyen Phuc , Babushkina Natalya E. ,   Don State Technical University, Eltaev Said I. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov
Published: January 2025

The article considers theoretical and practical aspects of unstructured data analysis using modern machine learning methods. It emphasizes the dominant position of unstructured information arrays in the global digital space and notes that traditional relational databases (RDBMS) are not suitable for working with such data. The article analyzes sources of unstructured information, including visual, text and multimedia formats, as well as the role of metadata and object storage in data management. Modern approaches based on computer vision and natural language processing (NLP) algorithms are considered, allowing to extract semantic patterns, form topic models and interpret complex behavioral aspects. The author proposes a conceptual model based on gesture analysis for interpreting human behavior, illustrating the practical application of the considered machine learning methods.
APPLICATIONS AND INNOVATIONS IN MACHINE LEARNING IN THE FIELD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Rasumov Yusup Sh. , Khalieva Hava S. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after Academician M. D. Millionshchikov
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence and intellectual education lead to innovations in education and teaching, which has become an inevitable trend in the development of informatization of education. With the advent of big data in education, the question of how to analyze large amounts of data to ensure accurate predictions has become a new topic faced in the era of artificial intelligence. As an important branch of artificial intelligence, machine learning can meet the needs of big data analysis and forecasting in education. To this end, based on a number of questions such as “why analyze, what to analyze, how to analyze and how to apply”, through the analysis of objects, processes, specific methods and stakeholders of machine learning, this article examines the essence of machine learning.
BUILDING A MODEL OF COMPUTER-BASED LEARNING IN HIGHER PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE INTERNET ERA
Authors:   Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism, Chebeneva Olga E. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Abdukadirova Iman T. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University Faculty of Secondary Vocational Education, Agaev Murat V. ,   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov
Published: January 2025

Higher professional education is the main place for the development of technical specialists needed by society. Currently, the society has a relatively high demand for computer specialists. In the Internet age, the demands on computer specialists have gradually increased. This situation creates a gap between computer specialties trained in higher professional institutions and the requirements for social work. Students of higher professional educational institutions cannot find jobs without hindrance, and the shortage of talented specialists is becoming more and more serious. Faced with such a situation, in the age of the Internet, higher professional institutions must carry out computer-based learning reforms, rebuild learning models and comply with trends in social development.
Reduction in the number of subcortical white matter fibers in subcortical band heterotopia: A case series
Authors: Stoeter Peter , Santos-Viloria Diogenes , Bido José , Lora Evelyn , Santos-Perez Diogenes
Published: January 2025

Subcortical band heterotopia (SBH) is a developmental disorder in which neuroblasts migrating from the periventricular zone to the cortex cannot reach their final destination. Subcortical bands might interfere with axonal development. Therefore, this study examined white matter organization in 10 healthy controls and 2 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (referred to as patients 1 and 2), in whom diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging revealed subcortical bands of gray matter. Diffusion tensor imaging, advanced tractography methods, and functional imaging were performed in patient 2. The number of subcortical fibers decreased significantly in both patients. The heterotopias interrupted the propagation of the tracking algorithm. Only a small number of tracts were generated from inside the heterotopias. According to the literature and our findings, SBHs appear to differ in their localization, extension, and structure. Some heterotopias might allow the propagation of tractography, thereby creating the impression that tracts are passing through, whereas others interrupt the propagation, as observed in our cases. In addition, a reduction in the number of subcortical white matter fibers was observed. These findings may have consequences in pre-surgical planning. The generalization of seizures might be facilitated by a non-reduction in SCWM fibers and tracts passing through the band, and these patients might benefit more from extensive resections of the epileptogenic zone than others.
Hospitalizations, deaths, and health costs for diabetes mellitus and obesity in Acre, Brazil: A retrospective time-series study (2000 – 2021)
Authors: Ferreira Jorgimar Peres , de Deus Morais Mauro José , Leitão Francisco Naildo Cardoso , Antunes Thaiany Pedrozo Campos , de Oliveira Douglas Silva , de Abreu Luiz Carlos , Silva Romeu Paulo Martins
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are among the most significant public health challenges worldwide, with profound effects on morbidity, mortality rates, and healthcare costs. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the trends in deaths, hospitalizations, and hospital costs associated with T2DM and obesity in Acre, Brazil, from 2000 to 2021. Method: This retrospective time-series study utilized official microdata from the Mortality Information System, the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), and the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, all registered with the Ministry of Health through the SUS Department of Informatics. Data were extracted for T2DM cases between 2000 and 2021, and for obesity cases from 2013 to 2021, focusing on age, sex, and race/skin color, as well as death rates, hospitalizations, hospital costs, and municipality-level variations. Results: Our findings reveal a significant increase in T2DM-related deaths over the study period, accompanied by rising hospital costs. A higher prevalence of T2DM-related mortality was observed among older age groups, with a roughly equal distribution between men and women. For obesity, hospitalizations were more frequent after the age of 30, particularly among women. In addition, a strong correlation was found between deaths from T2DM and hospitalizations due to obesity, suggesting that many T2DM-related deaths occurred among individuals also hospitalized for obesity, a condition that often involves multiple comorbidities.
Antidepressant effects of fisetin: Identifying molecular mechanisms by network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Shafiei Golnaz , Poorhassan Mahnaz , Mokhtari Tahmineh
Published: January 2025

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous condition influenced by a complex interplay of social, psychological, and biological factors. Fisetin (FT), a flavonoid polyphenol found in various plants, has demonstrated neuroprotective properties that may be beneficial in treating MDD. This research aims to evaluate the potential molecular mechanisms of FT in treating MDD using network pharmacology analysis, with validation through molecular docking methods. We assessed the drug-like properties of FT using the TCMSP and SwissADME platforms. Potential drug targets for FT were identified through SuperPred and SwissTargetPrediction. We compiled MDD-associated targets from established databases and identified common genes shared between FT and MDD. The common targets were analyzed for protein-protein interactions using the STRING database to identify essential targets. Consequently, these key targets were further investigated through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses with the help of ShinyGO software. The results indicated that FT targets are linked to specific pathways involved in the pathogenesis of MDD, with the IL-17 signaling pathway emerging as a significant pathway of interest. Strong binding affinities were found between FT and key proteins, including glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, monoamine oxidase A, acetylcholinesterase, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and myeloperoxidase, suggesting that FT may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for MDD by targeting components of the IL-17 pathway. In conclusion, this research successfully employed computational methods to elucidate the potential effectiveness of FT in managing MDD. It offered important perspectives on the regulatory mechanisms involved and emphasized the IL-17 signaling pathway as a possible target for MDD therapy.
Emerging biomarkers in major depressive disorder: Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications
Authors: Kamran Ameer Muhammad , Ikram Muhammad , Imran Khan Muhammad , Wahab Fazal , Imran Naseer Muhammad , Ullah Najeeb
Published: January 2025

Recent advancements in biomarker research for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies of major depressive disorder (MDD) have yielded significant findings that warrant documentation. The clinical demand for biomarkers persists due to the limited accuracy and efficiency of subjective diagnostic approaches. This review scrutinized research papers related to MDD biomarkers published between January 2011 and till July 2024, focusing exclusively on human studies with statistically significant results. The compiled biomarkers encompass cellular membrane receptors, cytoplasmic organelles, and genomic and epigenomic intranuclear markers. Cell surface molecular receptors implicated in MDD pathogenesis include brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) receptors, N-methyl D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR), and interleukin (IL) receptors. Endogenous compounds with diagnostic and prognostic potential, such as L-carnitine and alpha-L-carnitine, have also been identified. Transcriptomic biomarkers, including mRNA expression levels of the BDNF, IL-1β, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), have demonstrated utility in MDD management. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the endogenous molecules that alter the structure of mRNA, show potential for diagnosis and treatment outcome prediction, with miR-221-3p, miR-129-5p, miR-134, and miR-184 emerging as key candidates for MDD monitoring. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), such as GSK3βAS1, GSK3βAS2, and GSK3βAS3 have been investigated for the evaluation of disease severity and treatment response. Most recently, the pathological role of circular (circRNA) and DNA methylation in MDD has also been documented. The rs155979 polymorphism in the lncRNA NOTHSAT102891 was significantly associated with depression and risk of suicide. The data compiled in this review aim to guide further research in the quest for biomarkers that will improve the management of MDD.
The role of AMPK activation in metabolic regulation, energy homeostasis and aging: A comprehensive overview
Authors: Jîtcă George
Published: January 2025

5’ Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic sensor responsible for maintaining homeostasis, regulating metabolic control, monitoring energy status, and balancing energy production with consumption. The most important protein kinases that activate AMPK are liver kinase B1 and calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. AMPK significantly impacts physical performance by accelerating recovery periods and restoring energy stores through several key mechanisms. It regulates muscle glycogen content, ensuring readily available energy during physical exertion. In addition, a high number of mitochondria enable the utilization of fatty acids as an energy source, thereby improving endurance efforts. Furthermore, rich vascularization in the muscles enhances the delivery of nutrients and oxygen, optimizing performance and speeding up recovery. AMPK is also important for maintaining muscle homeostasis. It decreases insulin resistance, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, and exerts an antioxidant effect. As a regulator of energy homeostasis, AMPK plays a key role in linking cellular energy levels with the aging process. It acts as a modulator of cellular senescence and has the potential to extend life expectancy, particularly in the context of caloric restriction. By activating AMPK, caloric restriction (activated with a 30 – 70% reduction in nutrient intake) helps to maintain energy balance in cells, which may slow down aging and support healthier cellular function over time. In conclusion, the involvement of AMPK in metabolic regulation and maintenance makes it an important therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of several diseases, both age-related and otherwise.
Menstrual psychosis and treatment: A case report and brief review
Authors: Garman John C. , Yapar Irem , Kennedy Vincent
Published: January 2025

Mental health disorders are a significant public health concern, and the dysregulation of menstrual cycles plays a role in the development of such disorders. Menstrual psychosis is a rare and generally self-limiting mental illness. The literature on menstrual psychosis is sparse and based mainly on case reports, retrospective studies, and reports from relatives, or prospective studies lacking adequate evidence regarding the menstruation timeline. Many case reports have emerged, providing additional information to clinicians about this disorder, since the phenomenon was first described and classified as menstrual psychosis by Krafft-Ebing in his monograph “Psychosis Menstrualis.” This case report contributes to the current literature on menstrual psychosis and highlights the potential of contraceptive medication for treatment.
ABO blood type and cancer susceptibility: Unraveling the complex relationship
Authors: Koirala Prashanna , Sherpa Chhiring , Dangol Rebecca , Hona Salina , Nepal Saroj , Dawadi Prabin
Published: January 2025

Different human diseases have been associated with specific blood groups. Numerous studies have promulgated their findings regarding the probable onset of various cancers based on the type of ABO blood group. However, the findings have been conflicting. This review primarily aims to summarize research findings from around the world to investigate the relationship between the risk of cancer occurrence and ABO blood group. Google Scholar, PubMed, Research4Life, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant papers published before January 2023. Research papers related to common types of cancers were adequately and critically studied to determine the link between ABO blood groups and the risk of developing cancers. The results were ambiguous, as the findings were inconsistent regarding the relationship between ABO blood groups and cancer development. Therefore, more comprehensive research is needed to validate this relationship. This mini-systematic review emphasizes the need for additional thorough investigations to establish a clear correlation because of the inconsistent results.
Advancing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) for Robots in Unstructured Terrain
Authors: - Priyanka Das
Published: January 2025

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) has revolutionized the field of robotics, making robots more effective and useable in unstructured environments. Its focus is to enable a robot to continuously gather important information regarding its position in real-time by reconstructing the map around the robot and finding the robot’s location inside that map through sensors, cameras, and laser range finders. This paper discusses SLAM technology and details different techniques to enhance SLAM in unstructured terrain. SLAM operates with the help of various key components essential to its positioning and navigation, including sensors, mapping, and localization. Approaches to enhancing SLAM in unstructured are based on optimizing cameras, known as visual SLAM, while others are techniques in LIDAR sensor choices. Adding an RGB-D camera increases the reliability as monocular and binocular cameras may give incorrect geometrical information. Another technique to advance SLAM is the deep learning method, which involves continuous learning in a robot’s environment to increase its accuracy and effectiveness.
Nurturing Women in STEM: A Multifaceted Approach for India
Authors: - Munmi Saikia
Published: January 2025

Despite advancements in education, women remain underrepresented in India's Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) workforce, impacting diversity and innovation. The author examined 74 articles published between 2004 and 2024 by reviewing the existing literature. The multifaceted challenges hindering women's participation and growth in STEM fields within India are explored. While acknowledging global barriers, it emphasizes India's unique socio-cultural context, including patriarchal norms, early marriage pressures, the rise of nuclear families with diminished extended family support, and inadequate institutional support. During the investigation, it is observed that the majority of research is concentrated on the difficulties women experience in academia. The research advocates for a holistic approach, fostering an environment where women's STEM aspirations can flourish. Key recommendations include early STEM exposure, addressing biases, cultivating inclusive environments, promoting flexible work arrangements, and challenging stereotypes. Additionally, it is crucial to address the challenges of modern times faced by women in nuclear families, such as childcare concerns and lack of family support, to create a truly equitable STEM landscape. Through concerted efforts at all levels, India can nurture a supportive ecosystem for women in STEM, unlocking the full potential of its female talent pool and fostering a more innovative and prosperous future.
Sustainable Forest Strategies as Natural Climate Solutions in Degraded Coniferous Forests
Authors: Paletto Alessandro , Cantiani Paolo , Lagomarsino Alessandra , De Meo Isabella
Published: January 2025

The present research implemented two improved forest management practices in a study area in Central Italy (Monte Morello Forest) to analyze their effects on C-sequestration and C-stock in all C pools (above-ground and below-ground biomass, deadwood, litter, and soil). It also estimated silvicultural treatment effects on two additional ecosystem services — wood production and recreational activity. A thinning from below and a selective thinning were applied in a degraded coniferous forest to increase the C-sequestration in the medium-long term. The results showed that after the two thinnings, above-ground biomass and deadwood C-stock decreased (–145 and –220 t CO2 ha-1 after thinning from below and selective thinning, respectively). However, these silvicultural interventions led to an increase in C-sequestration, recovering the lost C-stock in a period of between four and nine years and generating a positive flow in the medium-long term. Moreover, both thinnings positively affected wood production and the aesthetic-visual perception of the forest for visitors.
Assessment of Tree Species Availability Based on Sawmilling and Timber Markets Survey in Sinnar State, Sudan
Authors: Gurashi Nasreldin A. , Yasin Emad H. E. , Czimber Kornél
Published: January 2025

This study assesses tree species availability in Sinnar state, Sudan, to identify the types of wood used, marketed and explores the selection criteria driven by the continuing demand for timber in construction, furniture, and energy sources. The research included interviews with 87 randomly selected respondents from three timber trading and sawmill companies (Elsuki, Sinnar, and Singa). The surveys utilize descriptive analysis using SPSS and Excel. Findings revealed 28 historically available timber species, of which only eight are currently on the market. Selection criteria for trading species include viability, durability, and market demand. Approximately 47.9 % of timber comes from reserved forests, mainly for sawmill use, while 31.3 % comes from private and community-managed forests. The study highlights a significant decline in the availability of timber species, with 88 % of respondents expressing concerns about this trend due to overexploitation, revealing the urgent need for conservation efforts. This study suggests planting indigenous fast-growing trees to meet the region’s timber needs.
Changes in Structure, Tree Species Composition, and Diversity of the Abu Geili Riverine Forest Reserve, Sinnar State, Sudan
Authors: Gurashi Nasreldin A. , Yasin Emad H. E. , Czimber Kornél
Published: January 2025

This study assesses the structure, composition, diversity, and conservation status of the Abu Geili Riverine Forest Reserve (AGRFR), Sudan, to evaluate changes in these attributes between 2011 and 2021. Thirty sample plots (radius = 17.84 m) were established systematically. The distance between plots was 50 m and 100 m between survey lines to facilitate the identification, counting, and measuring of diameter at breast height (DBH) and height of all living trees and compare that with 2011 data. The results identified 462 trees across 32 species and 15 families in 2021, reflecting an increase in species and family diversity from 2011, which reported 626 trees from 23 species and 12 families. The Fabaceae family was most dominant, with ten species in 2021 and six in 2011. In both years, the Miliaceae and Moraceae had three species each. Three of the four calculated diversity indices displayed increasing trends, highlighting the rich diversity of the area and its importance for conservation and management.