bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clasificación y evaluación de las áreas marinas protegidas de la provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Morea Juan Pablo
Published: January 2023

A nivel mundial existen todavía muchos desacuerdos respecto a cómo contabilizar las áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) y qué significa el concepto de protección del espacio marino. En tiempos recientes un grupo de expertos elaboró un instrumento denominado la Guía AMP con el objetivo de llevar claridad en estos aspectos. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido aplicar esta Guía al contexto de las AMP de la provincia de Buenos Aires para obtener una evaluación y clasificación de las mismas. Los resultados obtenidos señalan dificultades para alcanzar la implementación efectiva de las reservas estudiadas y un nivel de protección bajo que impide el alcance de los objetivos de conservación y la obtención de los beneficios esperados.
Sitios y paisajes de la memoria. Elementos teóricos para pensar la construcción del caso del Parque de la Memoria – Monumento a las Víctimas del Terrorismo de Estado (1997-2021)
Authors: Wrobel Ivan
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar las categorías de sitio de memoria y paisaje de la memoria a partir del caso del Parque de la Memoria – Monumento a las Víctimas del Terrorismo de Estado. Para esto tomaremos algunas definiciones de sitio de memoria y de paisaje y luego las pondremos en relación con las características y los elementos más importantes del Parque de la Memoria, entre los cuales podemos encontrar el Monumento con los nombres de las víctimas del terrorismo de Estado, un grupo poliescultural y el Río de la Plata, a cuyas orillas se encuentra emplazado el Parque. A partir de estos elementos y del análisis de las definiciones previamente presentadas analizaremos de qué modo el Parque puede ser pensado como un sitio de memoria y como un paisaje de la memoria, en la medida en la que constituye sentidos y presenta elementos asociados a la construcción de una memoria social y colectiva de las víctimas del terrorismo de Estado.
Materialidades, espectros y memorias: un diálogo en torno a La Violencia en el Espacio (entrevista con Carlos Salamanca)
Authors: Urrutia Reveco Santiago
Published: January 2023

Entrevista realizada a Carlos Salamanca, arquitecto y doctor en antropología (EHSS, Francia), investigador independiente del CONICET con sede en el Instituto de Geografía “Romualdo Ardissone” de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Es director del Programa Interdisciplinario “Espacios, Políticas, Sociedades” en la Universidad Nacional de Rosario y coordinador de la plataforma La Violencia en el Espacio que actualmente funciona en el Edificio de Familiares de la ex Esma. A partir de la conversación en torno a la instancia política, académica y artística denominada La Violencia en el Espacio, en esta entrevista se reflexiona y exploran renovados enfoques y conceptos para pensar los cruces entre violencia, memoria y espacio.
Políticas, lugares y paisajes de la memoria sobre el terrorismo de Estado en la Argentina
Authors: Fabri Silvina
Published: January 2023

Los escritos que convergen en este dossier constituyen una muestra del trabajo desplegado por el Equipo Lugares y Políticas de la memoria, con sede en el Instituto de Geografía Romualdo Ardissone de nuestra Facultad. Desde el año 1993, con la dirección de Cora Escolar, el equipo llevó adelante, gracias al apoyo continuo de subsidios UBACyT, investigaciones sobre las dimensiones espaciales e institucionales de distintas políticas públicas. A partir del año 2003, la relación entre las políticas y los lugares de la memoria como así también las nuevas territorialidades que en clave genealógica abrieron los procesos de memoria, verdad y justicia pasaron a ser el foco del interés y, desde entonces, la ampliación del equipo permitió entablar una larga conversación entre las formaciones disciplinares y las experiencias profesionales de quienes integramos este espacio de trabajo. Actualmente, el Proyecto UBACyT Políticas, territorios y escrituras de la memoria. Saberes expertos, prácticas militantes y dispositivos testimoniales en las configuraciones epistemológicas del pasado reciente (1955-2017), cuya labor culmina con la presentación de este dossier, es el que cobija nuestra lengua de cruce cocinada en el caldero de los estudios sobre memoria política y en los modos en que estos estudios activaron la traducción de lenguas, las preguntas por la multidisciplina, sobre qué hacer con lo intraducible entre las lenguas disciplinares y lo inclasificable de los objetos emergentes en los estudios sobre el pasado reciente, sobre la manera en que la geografía, para incorporar a su agenda la cuestión memorial, requiere acampar nuevamente en las tradiciones de la geografía cultural o política atentas, como señala Souto (2011) a los intensos diálogos con los estudios culturales o decoloniales. Nos atraviesan el cruce entre las disciplinas de las cuáles provenimos ya sean estas nativas o por naturalización (geografía, antropología, sociología, historia), los saberes que hemos explorado colectivamente, las áreas de estudio sobre memoria y política y las maneras en que el conocimiento producido ha nutrido el trabajo de las políticas de la memoria sobre el terrorismo de Estado y, más específicamente, las prácticas de gestión en los sitios y espacios de la memoria dedicados a la promoción de los derechos humanos (Besse y Escolar, 2019). Prácticas que en muchos casos han sido o son llevadas a cabo en el presente por algunxs de lxs integrantes del equipo que forman parte de la propuesta que ofrece el dossier.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity and increased risk for cardiovascular disease and associated factors in farming families in southern Brazil
Authors: Dell’Osbel Rafaela Santi , Santos Ramison , Piccoli Camila , Gregoletto Maria Luísa de Oliveira , Freire Carmen , Cremonese Cleber
Published: January 2023

The objective was to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity (OO) and very high risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and associated factors, in farmers and their families in a city in southern Brazil Observational, cross-sectional study carried out with farmers and their families residing in the Serra Gaúcha region. For data collection, a wide questionnaire was used, in addition to anthropometric measurements (Body Mass Index - BMI and waist circumference). Associations with outcomes were explored using Student's t-tests and ANOVA to compare means and the chi-square test for categorical variables. 122 individuals participated in this study. Prevalence of OO was 59.0% and very high risk for CVD was 50.8%, being present in 78.7% of women and in 33.3% of men. Annual income and very high risk for CVD were identified as factors associated with OO. Also, factors associated with a very high risk for CVD were advanced age and BMI in both sexes, and marital status in men. Thus, the importance of early identification of risk factors for outcomes in farmers and their families is reinforced, in view of high prevalence’s observed.
Determinação de ações preventivas pela aplicação do método FMEA na análise de riscos na construção civil
Authors: Zaupa Juliana Caroline Teixeira , Catai Rodrigo Eduardo , Corrêa Janine Nicolosi , Zaupa Julio Cesar
Published: January 2023

De acordo com estatísticas, o número de acidentes do trabalho no Brasil permanece com um elevado índice. Neste contexto, tratando-se de gestão de segurança e saúde na construção civil, o gerenciamento de riscos tem elevada importância na análise de riscos para a prevenção de acidentes. Com foco nesta questão, esta pesquisa foi realizada no setor da construção civil entre os anos de 2021 e 2022, tendo como tema a determinação de ações preventivas pela aplicação do método FMEA na análise de riscos na construção civil e como objetivo geral determinar ações preventivas relativas a segurança do trabalho, detectadas pela aplicação do método de Análise de Modos de Falhas e Efeitos - FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis), para obras de construção civil. Para a obtenção de dados, foram realizados registros observacionais e fotográficos nas obras em relação aos riscos aos quais estão expostos os trabalhadores. Após, foi realizada a análise da prioridade de riscos com a aplicação do método FMEA, utilizando os índices de severidade e detecção propostos por Cavaignac e Uchoa (2018) e a escala de ocorrência apontada por Palady (2002), sendo a maior parte dos RPNs (Números de Prioridade de Risco) relacionada as escadas (estrutura inadequada ou falta de proteção), verificando a contribuição do método na priorização de riscos, já que esta situação era mais grave por também incluir pessoas não envolvidas no processo de trabalho. E pôde-se concluir que o método FMEA demonstrou eficiência na análise quantitativa dos riscos ao colaborar na priorização dos mesmos para a busca de medidas preventivas.
Análise da fabricação das peças e plano de melhorias para diminuir o índice de retrabalho utilizando as ferramentas da qualidade em uma oficina de fundição artesanal de peças em alumínio
Authors: Rodrigues Benildo Silva , Martins Harley dos Santos , Costa Ednelson da Silva , Ferraz Bruno Nascimento , Lima Adalberto da Cruz
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a fabricação das peças e propor um plano de melhorias para diminuir o índice de retrabalho, utilizando as ferramentas da qualidade em uma oficina de fundição artesanal de peças em alumínio de Abaetetuba. Primeiramente realizou-se um estudo bibliográfico a respeito dos assuntos abordados, posteriormente foi feita uma pesquisa com os colaboradores da oficina, onde aplicou-se um questionário para a análise quantitativa e qualitativa, além disso foram realizadas visitas no ambiente para observar o local de trabalho. Posteriormente foi feito um estudo com os dados obtidos e observou-se as causas geradoras de retrabalho nas peças, e as mesmas foram organizadas em ferramentas da qualidade como o Diagrama de Ishikawa, Diagrama de Pareto e também o Mapa de Processo que mostra a etapas da produção. Depois que os problemas foram encontrados, foi realizado um plano de melhoria utilizando a ferramenta 5W1H para amenizar as causas mais frequentes que ocorrem para o aumento do índice de retrabalho.
Estudo da resistência hidrodinâmica em reparos navais a base de resinas Epoxi e Poliéster
Authors: Sirqueira Alex da Silva , Pinto Patricia Reis , Dias Enio da Cunha
Published: January 2023

Compósitos a base de resinas epoxídicas e poliésteres são amplamente utilizados na manutenção de navios e embarcações. Estudos da resistência hidrodinâmicas de compósitos de fibras de vidro e carbono tendo como matriz resinas poliméricas a base de epoxi e poliéster não foram encontrados na literatura. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o a resistência hidrodinâmica de reparos compósitos de resinas epoxi e poliéster reforçados com fibras aderidas à chapa de aço naval (ASTM A-131). O conceito da pesquisa foi retirado de situações que envolviam a manutenção de reparos rápidos em embarcações com casco metálico. Todos os compósitos testados foram aprovados nas condições avaliadas.
Innovación y emprendimiento sustentable: Uso de paneles solares para reducir costos en las universidades públicas
Authors: Acosta Sergio López , Martínez César Rafael Gómez , Ochoa Edgar Dagoberto Aldana , Lopez Francisco Javier Ocegueda
Published: January 2023

En la actualidad, son muchas las Universidades Públicas que actualmente pasan por una crisis económica, en donde el presupuesto asignado no es suficiente para cubrir sus gastos, tal es el caso de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, que desde el 2015 presenta grandes dificultades económicas para cubrir con sus obligaciones financieras. En estas situaciones, las universidades no pueden depender únicamente de un rescate financiero de parte del gobierno federal, sino tienen que innovar y emprender en diferentes proyectos para poder reducir sus costos, por eso la propuesta de la instalación de paneles solares, lo cual permita a la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit generar su propia energía lo cual tiene como finalidad ser una entidad sustentable y amigable con el medio ambiente, pero al mismo tiempo le permita ahorrar energía que se vea reflejado en un fuerte ahorro económico.
Multiplication in vitro of strawberry plant under different types of LEDs
Authors: Da Rocha Paulo Sérgio Gomes , Ambros Gabriela Girelli , Canova Diogo Vitali
Published: January 2023

Use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in strawberry in vitro multiplication The refinement of plant tissue culture techniques is of great importance for optimizing in vitro multiplication rates and improving the quality of micropropagated changes, either light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or the latest models of light-emitting light sources light..The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of light type on in vitro multiplication of Tudla strawberry cultivar. Strawberry sprouts were grown for 30 days in MS culture medium plus 100 mg L-1 of myo-inositol, 7 g  L-1 agar, 1.0 mg  L-1 BAP and 30 g  L-1 sucrose. The pH of the culture medium was adjusted to 5.8 prior to the addition of agar. The controls used were composed of three light types [(green LEDs - EDET 3LA1 530 nm, red LEDs - EDER 3LA3 630 nm and fluorescent lamps (control treatment)]. Note that the average number of sprouts formed by red LEDs (11 The buds /explant) was higher than ears under fluorescent lamps (7.8 buds /explant), the lowest average was observed under fluorescent lamps, but there was no difference between explants grown in green LEDs and red LEDs in vitro shoot of strawberry cultivar Tudla.
Desenvolvimento de um software de prospecção tecnológica para busca de patentes
Authors: Fernandes Ianny Dantas Alexandre , Da Silva Sidinei Kleber
Published: January 2023

Pesquisas e investimentos comerciais sempre partem de alguma necessidade humana. Quando se faz necessário uma busca, tenta-se observar se tal tecnologia ou tema de interesse possui margem para exploração ou se já está saturado. Quando o interesse é comercial, informações sobre empresas envolvidas, instituições de pesquisa participantes, principais cientistas e período de maior ou menor exploração são alguns questionamentos que podem ser respondidos através da aplicação de prospecção. Para auxiliar na prospecção tecnológica existem ferramentas computacionais com esse intuito, que fazem a coleta de dados, tratamento e disponibilização dos resultados para o usuário. No entanto, as ferramentas disponíveis apresentam apenas versões comerciais pagas ou limitações para uso particular (free version). O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados do desenvolvimento de uma solução aplicada às buscas de patentes no escritório de patente brasileiro, o Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI). Para realizar o desenvolvimento da ferramenta, utilizou-se a linguagem de programação Python e a coleta de dados utilizando a biblioteca Selenium. O software tem como intuito interagir com uma página na web, no caso do estudo, o INPI; sendo possível automatizar os processos de coleta de dados das patentes. Após as buscas das patentes, os dados coletados são tratados e disponibilizados em forma de tabelas e gráficos, utilizando as bibliotecas Pandas e Matplotlib, respectivamente. Ademais, por meio dos resultados, as bibliotecas utilizadas no desenvolvimento do software obtiveram êxito na coleta, tratamento e construção das tabelas e gráficos.
Utilização de farinha de Ora-Pro-Nobis (Pereskia aculeata miller) em preparação de biscoito de polvilho
Authors: Manetta Gabriela Boscariol , Romano Beatriz Coimbra , Braga Costa Telma Maria , Triffoni-Melo Andresa Toledo
Published: January 2023

O cultivo e utilização das plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC) apresentam alto potencial alimentício, sendo uma alternativa acessível para agricultura, devido ao baixo custo e fácil cultivo, porém necessitam de ampla divulgação e maior estímulo para consumo e aproveitamento dos seus benefícios nutricionais. Dentre as diversas espécies, destaca-se a ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) pela sua composição nutricional rica em proteínas, vitaminas, minerais, fibras e fácil propagação. Considerando sua versatilidade, o biscoito de polvilho, é uma ótima alternativa de consumo dessa PANC. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi utilizar a farinha de ora-pro-nobis na elaboração de biscoito de polvilho, incentivando a utilização da PANC no hábito alimentar. Foram elaboradas duas receitas de biscoito de polvilho, sendo uma padrão, e outra com adição de farinha da PANC. A partir da padronização da farinha de ora-pro-nobis e das duas receitas de biscoito de polvilho foram elaboradas as informações nutricionais dos produtos, utilizando os dados obtidos pela análise centesimal, por meio da determinação de umidade, cinzas, fibras, proteínas e lipídeos. Os resultados da análise centesimal do biscoito com adição de ora-pro-nobis mostraram maior teor de fibras (2,96g ±0,11) e cinzas (2,83g ±0,23) em comparação com o biscoito padrão (fibras: 0,48 g ±0,04 / cinzas: 2,13g ± 0,27), as demais análises mostraram-se aproximadas. O biscoito de polvilho tradicional apresentou na porção de 30g, com 128 kcal e 538 kJ (6% VD), 26 g de carboidratos totais (9% VD), 0,2 g de açúcares totais (0% VD), 0,2 de açúcares adicionados, 0,3 g de proteína (1% VD), 2,5 g de gorduras totais (4% do VD), 0,4 g de gorduras saturadas (2% VD), 0 g de fibra alimentar (0% VD) e 361 mg (18% VD) de sódio. Já o adicionado de farinha de ora-pro-nobis, na porção de 30g apresentou 123 kcal e 517 kJ (6% VD), 25g de carboidratos totais (8% VD), 0,2 g de açúcares totais (0% VD), 0,2 de açúcares adicionados, 0,3 g de proteínas (1% VD), 2,4 g de gorduras totais (4% VD), 0,4 g de gorduras saturadas (2 % VD), 0 g de fibra alimentar (0% VD) e 380 mg de sódio (19% VD). Os resultados da análise sensorial mostraram que ambos os biscoitos foram aprovados, no critério de impressão global o biscoito de polvilho padrão apresentou 89% e o biscoito de polvilho com adição da farinha de ora-pro-nobis com 87%. Na intenção de compra o biscoito de polvilho padrão apresentou 79% enquanto o adicionado de farinha da PANC apresentou 77%. Portanto a utilização da farinha de ora-pro-nobis em biscoito de polvilho proporcionou características nutricionais e sensoriais vantajosas podendo ser uma alternativa de consumo, incentivo e valorização desta PANC em receitas de fácil preparo e replicação, aproveitando-se de seus benefícios nutricionais.
A nova regonalização do IBGE de 2017: Uma análise a partir do estado da Paraiba
Authors: Da Silva Elton Oliveira , Torres Ericson da Nóbrega
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho é fruto de uma série de debates e reflexões surgidas durante a disciplina  Regionalização e integração regional brasileira (a qual ministro), onde nos debruçamos sobre a atual regionalização do IBGE e seu impacto nas pesquisas, principalmente realizadas dentro do Estado da Paraíba.  O principal objetivo analisar a nova regionalização do IBGE para o Brasil e em particular para o estado da Paraíba, visando demonstrar as mudanças e se de fato essa nova configuração possui bases concretas, ainda              que isto se configure um debate inicial. Para realização deste trabalho, alguns procedimentos metodológicos foram realizados tais como, levantamento bibliográfico sobre o conceito de região, e regionalização, análise documental e de dados. A atual regionalização, apresentada em 2017, coloca como parâmetro basilar a identificação das cidades-polo e os municípios que possuem relação direta como cada uma delas, usando para isso dois conceitos: Território-rede e Território-zona. No Estado da Paraíba possuíamos quatro Mesorregiões e vinte e três Microrregiões, agora segundo a nova regionalização, temos quatro regiões Intermediárias e quinze regiões Imediatas, evidenciando que algumas das antigas microrregiões foram agrupadas para formarem as novas regiões Imediatas.
A Critical Review of Thermal Runaway Prediction and Early-Warning Methods for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xi , Chen Shun , Zhu Jingzhe , Gao Yizhao
Published: January 2023

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles because of their high energy density and long cycle life. However, the spontaneous combustion accident of electric vehicles caused by thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries seriously threatens passengers' personal and property safety. This paper expounds on the internal mechanism of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway through many previous studies and summarizes the proposed lithium-ion battery thermal runaway prediction and early warning methods. These methods can be classified into battery electrochemistry-based, battery big data analysis, and artificial intelligence methods. In this paper, various lithium-ion thermal runaway prediction and early warning methods are analyzed in detail, including the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and the challenges and future development directions of the intelligent lithium-ion battery thermal runaway prediction and early warning methods are discussed.
Single-Pixel Photoacoustic Microscopy with Speckle Illumination
Authors: Caravaca-Aguirre Antonio M. , Poisson Florian , Bouchet Dorian , Stasio Nicolino , Moreau Philippe , Wang Irene , Zhang Edward , Beard Paul , Prada Claire , Moser Christophe , Psaltis Demetri , Katz Ori , Bossy Emmanuel
Published: January 2023

Wide-field optical-resolution microscopy with structured illumination and single-pixel detection has been the topic of a number of research investigations. Its advantages over point scanning approaches are many and include a faster acquisition rate for sparse samples, sectioning, and super-resolution features. Initially introduced for fluorescence imaging, structured illumination approaches have been adapted and developed for many other imaging modalities. In this paper, we illustrate how speckle illumination, as a particular type of structured illumination, can be exploited to perform optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy with a single-pixel imaging approach. We first introduce the principle of single-pixel detection applied to photoacoustic imaging and then illustrate in 2 different situations how photoacoustic images may be computationally reconstructed from speckle illumination: In the first situation where the speckle patterns are known through a prior calibration, various reconstruction approaches may be implemented, which are demonstrated experimentally through both scattering layers and multimode optical fibers; in the second situation where the speckle patterns are unknown (blind structured illumination), the so-called memory effect can be harnessed to produce calibration-free photoacoustic images, following the approach initially proposed for fluorescence imaging through thin scattering layers.
National Land Cover Database 2019: A New Strategy for Creating Clean Leaf-On and Leaf-Off Landsat Composite Images
Authors: Jin Suming , Dewitz Jon , Danielson Patrick , Granneman Brian , Costello Catherine , Smith Kelcy , Zhu Zhe
Published: January 2023

National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2019 is a new epoch of national land cover products for the conterminous United States. Image quality is fundamental to the quality of any land cover product. Image preprocessing has often taken a considerable proportion of overall time and effort for this kind of national project. An approach to prepare image inputs for NLCD 2019 production was developed to ensure efficiency and quality of operational production. Here, we introduce a new and comprehensive strategy to produce clear Landsat composite images for NLCD 2019 production. First, we developed a new median-value compositing method. Second, we designed parameter settings for selecting images and pixels to generate 4 composite images (leaf-on, leaf-off, primary reference, and complementary reference) for a target year based on the US Landsat Analysis Ready Data surface reflectance dataset. Third, we developed a method, referred to as Detection and Filling with Simulated Image, to detect and replace clouds and cloud shadow pixels to produce the final clean leaf-on and leaf-off image composites. This image compositing and processing strategy was implemented for the entire conterminous United States to produce images for NLCD 2019. Our image results and NLCD 2019 change detection and land cover products, which were released in July 2021, showed this new strategy to be effective and efficient.
Breakdown Spectroscopy Induced by Nonlinear Interactions of Femtosecond Laser Filaments and Multidimensional Plasma Gratings
Authors: Hu Mengyun , Xu Shupeng , Yuan Shuai , Zeng Heping
Published: January 2023

Breakdown spectroscopy is a valuable tool for determining elements in solids, liquids, and gases. All materials in the breakdown region can be ionized and dissociated into highly excited fragments and emit characteristic fluorescence spectra. In this sense, the elemental composition of materials can be evaluated by detecting the fluorescence spectrum. This paper reviews the recent developments in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The traditional laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, filament-induced breakdown spectroscopy, plasma grating, and multidimensional plasma grating-induced breakdown spectroscopy are introduced. There are also some proposals for applications of plasma gratings, such as laser ablation, laser deposition, and laser catalysis of chemical reactions in conjunction with research on the properties of plasma gratings.
Current Status and Future Trends of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Smoking Cessation: A Narrative Review with Specific Attention to Technology-Based Interventions
Authors: Rostami Mostafa , Moheban Fatemeh , Davoudi Mohammadreza , Heshmati Khatereh , Taheri Amir Abbas
Published: January 2023

Background: During recent decades, it has become evident that cigarette smoking has led to an increase in cancer, risk of death, and economic problems or sanitation issues worldwide. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), as a third-wave behavioral therapy, has devoted significant attention to smoking cessation. However, this treatment has been utilized in different formats and protocols. Moreover, addressing its challenges and progress needs examination and integration. Accordingly, the primary aim of this study was to present a narrative review for summarizing and integrating the current data on the effectiveness of ACT on smoking cessation. This study also aimed to investigate the challenges and the future of this field. Methods: The publications from January 1, 2010 to October 9, 2021 were identified by searching MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science electronic databases. The search was performed with the following keywords: "Acceptance AND Commitment Therapy" OR "Acceptance" AND "smoking" OR "tobacco" OR "cigarette" OR "smoker" OR "Nicotine". The inclusion criterion was studies with interventions aimed at reducing smoking cessation in smokers. Findings: A total of 17 articles were analyzed in this study. The results showed that this treatment has significant effectiveness in smoking cessation and psychiatric comorbidities. Moreover, the role of experiential avoidance in smoking cessation was discussed in detail. Conclusion: ACT is a suitable psychotherapy module for smoking cessation. However, it needs some upgrades regarding technology. To this end, smartphone applications and AVATAR therapy technologies were discussed with their advantages and solvable disadvantages.
Ophthalmic Complications and Managements of Sulfur Mustard Exposure: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ghavami Shahri Seyed Hosein , Balali-Mood Mahdi , Heidarzadeh Hamid Reza , Abrishami Mojtaba
Published: January 2023

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a lethal chemical agent that affects many organs, particularly the eyes, respiratory system and skin. Even asymptomatic patients with documented SM vapor exposure may develop organ disorder many years later. Patients with even minor signs in the acute stage may experience late complications that necessitate surgery. Early decontamination and conservative measures could help the patients and decrease the complications. Despite decades of research, there is still no effective treatment for either acute or long-term SM-induced ocular complications. Even after multiple medications and surgical procedures, the majority of patients continue to have symptoms. For dry eye, punctual occlusion, autologous eye drops, and aggressive lubrication are used; for persistent epithelial defects (PED), tarsorrhaphy, amniotic membrane transplant, and stem cell transplantation are used; for total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), living-related conjunctivolimbal allograft and keratolimbal allograft are used; for corneal vascularization, steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor prescribed; and for corneal opacities, corneal transplantation is done. Platelet rich plasma and topical drops containing stem cell transplantation for LSCD, photodynamic therapy paired with subconjunctival or topical anti-vascular endothelial growth factors for corneal vascularization, topical curcumin and topical ciclosporin-A for dry eye, and orbital fat-derived stem cells for PED are all alternative treatments that can be suggested. Despite the experimental and clinical research on the complications of SM exposure over the past decades, there is still no effective treatment for eye complications. However, supportive medical and surgical management has been applied with relatively good outcome.
Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum in the External Ear Canal
Authors: Jakovljevic Sasa , Arsovic Nenad , Boricic Novica , Laketic Darko , Dudvarski Zoran
Published: January 2023

Out of all benign tumors of the ceruminous glands, syringocystadenoma papilliferum is the rarest and represents only 2% of cases. It is an extremely rare benign tumor that originates from modified apocrine sweat glands. The aim of this paper was to present, according to our findings, the 18th case of syringocystadenoma papilliferum in the external auditory canal, with a detailed review of its clinical, radiological and histomorphological characteristics. A 59-year-old man reported to our clinic due to a 5×5 mm papillomatous growth at the entrance to the right external auditory canal. Histopathology indicated, after an excisional biopsy, that it was a syringocystadenoma papilliferum. The resection lines were free of tumor tissue, and the patient has no signs of tumor recurrence. Although rare, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of lesions in this region. Complete excision is mandatory in order to avoid recurrence and potential malignant alteration.
Levels and Trends of Maternal Mortality and Morbidity by Cause in North Africa and Middle East, 1990 to 2019: An Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Sepanlou Sadaf G. , Rezaei Aliabadi Hossein , Malekzadeh Reza , Naghavi Mohsen
Published: January 2023

Background: Since 1990, the maternal mortality significantly decreased at global scale as well as the North Africa and Middle East. However, estimates for mortality and morbidity by cause and age at national scale in this region are not available. Methods: This study is part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors study (GBD) 2019. Here we report maternal mortality and morbidity by age and cause across 21 countries in the region from 1990 to 2019. Results: Between 1990 and 2019, maternal mortality ratio (MMR) dropped from 148.8 (129.6–171.2) to 94.3 (73.4–121.1) per 100000 live births in North Africa and Middle East. In 1990, MMR ranged from 6.0 (5.3–6.8) in Kuwait to 502.9 (375.2–655.3) per 100000 live births in Afghanistan. Respective figures for 2019 were 5.1 (4.0–6.4) in Kuwait to 269.9 (195.8–368.6) in Afghanistan. Percentages of deaths under 25 years was 26.0% in 1990 and 23.8% in 2019. Maternal hemorrhage, indirect maternal deaths, and other maternal disorders rank 1st to 3rd in the entire region. Ultimately, there was an evident decrease in MMR along with increase in socio-demographic index from 1990 to 2019 in all countries in the region and an evident convergence across nations. Conclusion: MMR has significantly declined in the region since 1990 and only five countries (Afghanistan, Sudan, Yemen, Morocco, and Algeria) out of 21 nations didn’t achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of 70 deaths per 100000 live births in 2019. Despite the convergence in trends, there are still disparities across countries.
Availability of Physical Rehabilitation Facilities for People with Disabilities in Iran: A Comparative Study on Universal Health Coverage
Authors: Shirazikhah Marzieh , Roshanfekr Payam , Takian Amirhossein , Alizadeh Zarei Mehdi , Shirazikhah Adeleh , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi
Published: January 2023

Background: Iran, like many other countries, has committed to providing universal and equal access to health care and rehabilitation for people with disabilities by joining the Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities. Thus, this study aimed to examine the availability of rehabilitation facilities on national and sub-national levels. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between May and December 2019. The data of rehabilitation facilities including infrastructure and rehabilitation workforce in health system settings were obtained using rehabilitation master list. The data were collected from the Vice-Chancellor for the Treatment Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the Rehabilitation of the State Welfare Organization, and Licensing and Planning the Medical Council in the 32 provinces of Iran and analyzed using Excel version 2016. Results: On the national level, the following situation was found: in inpatient settings: 1.1 beds per million population; in outpatient settings: physiotherapy 42.6, optometry 16.4, audiology 10.5,occupational therapy 8.2, speech therapy 8.1, orthotic & prosthetic 4.5, physical medicine & rehabilitation 3.8 centers; day-care centers 11.7 and rehabilitation centers 1.3 centers, community-based rehabilitation (CBR): 15.9 units, rehabilitation home care 2 centers, rehabilitation nursing home care 1.6 centers and medical rehabilitation home care 0.3; Long-term care centers: residential care 4.1 centers per million population. Regarding rehabilitation work force: physiotherapists 84, speech therapists 34.8, occupational therapists 32.5, optometrists 31.2, audiologists 27.9, prosthetists and orthotists 10.3 therapists and physical medicine & rehabilitation 5.1 specialists per million populations. On the sub-national level, there were no outpatient rehabilitation centers in 12 of the provinces and the distribution of day rehabilitation centers in the rich provinces was 10 times higher. The number of CBR units, rehabilitation home care and rehabilitation nursing home were 40, 22, and 23 times higher in rich provinces than in poor provinces, respectively and there were no medical rehabilitation home care centers in 21 provinces. Regarding long-term care, the residential care centers in the richest province were 8 times higher. Conclusion: According to the WHO report and the rehabilitation expert panel, it was concluded that the number of rehabilitation facilities including rehabilitation centers and workforce was limited in Iran and that the available centers were also poorly distributed in the provinces of the country. This made it difficult for people to have fair access to rehabilitation services. It appears that health policymakers should pay special attention to further developing rehabilitation facilities.
Disease Waves of SARS-CoV-2 in Iran Closely Mirror Global Pandemic Trends
Authors: Fattahi Zohreh , Mohseni Marzieh , Beheshtian Maryam , Jafarpour Ali , Jalalvand Khadijeh , Keshavarzi Fatemeh , Behravan Hanieh , Ghodratpour Fatemeh , Zare Ashrafi Farzane , Kalhor Marzieh , Azad Maryam , Koshki Mahdieh , Ghaziasadi Azam , Soveyzi Mohamad , Abdollahi Alireza , Kiani Seyed Jalal , Ataei-Pirkooh Angila , Rezaeiazhar Iman , Bokharaei-Salim Farah , Haghshenas Mohammad Reza , Babamahmoodi Farhang , Mokhames Zakiye , Soleimani Alireza , Elahi Zohreh , Ziaee Masood , Javanmard Davod , Ghafari Shokouh , Ezani Akram , Ansari Moghaddam Alireza , Shahraki-Sanavi Fariba , Hashemi Shahri Seyed Mohammad , Azaran Azarakhsh , Yousefi Farid , Moattari Afagh , Moghadami Mohsen , Fakhim Hamed , Ataei Behrooz , Nasri Elahe , Poortahmasebi Vahdat , Varshochi Mojtaba , Mojtahedi Ali , Jalilian Farid , Khazeni Mohammad , Moradi Abdolvahab , Tabarraei Alijan , Piroozmand Ahmad , Yahyapour Yousef , Bayani Masoumeh , Tavangar Fatemeh , Yaghoubi Mahmood , Keramat Fariba , Tavakoli Mahsa , Jalali Tahmineh , Pouriayevali Mohammad Hassan , Salehi-Vaziri Mostafa , Khorram Khorshid Hamid Reza , Najafipour Reza , Malekzadeh Reza , Kahrizi Kimia , Jazayeri Seyed Mohammad , Najmabadi Hossein
Published: January 2023

Background: Complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing in the early phase of the outbreak in Iran showed two independent viral entries. Subsequently, as part of a genome surveillance project, we aimed to characterize the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Iran over one year after emerging. Methods: We provided 319 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences used to monitor circulating lineages in March 2020-May 2021 time interval. Results: The temporal dynamics of major SARS-CoV-2 clades/lineages circulating in Iran is comparable to the global perspective and represent the 19A clade (B.4) dominating the first disease wave, followed by 20A (B.1.36), 20B (B.1.1.413), 20I (B.1.1.7), leading the second, third and fourth waves, respectively. We observed a mixture of circulating B.1.36, B.1.1.413, B.1.1.7 lineages in winter 2021, paralleled in a fading manner for B.1.36/B.1.1.413 and a growing rise for B.1.1.7, prompting the fourth outbreak. Entry of the Delta variant, leading to the fifth disease wave in summer 2021, was detected in April 2021. This study highlights three lineages as hallmarks of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Iran; B4, dominating early periods of the epidemic, B.1.1.413 (B.1.1 with the combination of [D138Y-S477N-D614G] spike mutations) as a characterizing lineage in Iran, and the co-occurrence of [I100T-L699I] spike mutations in half of B.1.1.7 sequences mediating the fourth peak. It also designates the renowned combination of G and GR clades’ mutations as the top recurrent mutations. Conclusion: In brief, we provided a real-time and comprehensive picture of the SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity in Iran and shed light on the SARS-CoV-2 transmission and circulation on the regional scale.
Outcome of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Old Patients Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Fallahzadeh Aida , Sheikhy Ali , Aein Afsaneh , Salarifar Mojtaba , Pourhosseini Hamidreza , Aghajani Hassan , Alidoosti Mohammad , Sadeghian Saeed , Hosseini Kaveh
Published: January 2023

Background: Octogenarians (age≥80 years) with coronary artery disease constitute a high-risk group and the elderly undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are at higher risk of adverse outcomes compared to young patients. In this study, we aimed to describe the outcomes of the elderly with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent PCI and also to identify the predictors of short-term major adverse cerebrocardiovascular events (MACCE) in octogenarians. Methods: In this registry-based cohort study, we reviewed the data of patients (aged≥65 years) who underwent PCI. Univariate Cox-regression model was used to assess the univariate effects of covariates on mortality and MACCE and multivariate Cox-regression analysis were used to discover MACCE predictors. Results: We reviewed the data of 3332 patients (2722 elderly [65 to 79 years], and 610 octogenarians [≥80 years]). The cumulative hazard of MACCE was significantly higher in the octogenarian group compared with the younger group (P<0.001). MACCE in octogenarians presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was significantly higher than those with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction/Unstable angina (NSTEMI/UA) (P<0.001); however, the cumulative hazard of mortality was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.270). Successful PCI, left main stenosis and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were independent predictors of MACCE in octogenarians with ACS. Conclusion: Octogenarians undergoing PCI had a higher rate of MACCE and mortality compared with a younger population. In octogenarians, MACCE in those with STEMI was significantly higher than those with NSTEMI/UA and the mortality trend was similar; however, the 1-year trend was in favor of the STEMI subgroup.
Factors Associated with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Men and Women: Findings from a Population-Based Study in Iran
Authors: Mehrabi Fahimeh , Amiri Parisa , Naseri Parisa , Azizi Fereidoun
Published: January 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personal and clinical characteristics of adults in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) with depression, anxiety, and stress. Methods: Data of 2272 adults participating in the 6th phase of TLGS were used for univariate analysis to investigate the association between socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics and participants’ emotional states. Thereupon, the predictors with a P value<0.20, at least for one of depression, anxiety, and stress in the primary analysis, were included in the model for multivariate modeling. Results: The mean age of participants was 47.23±14.87. The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were higher in women (P value:<0.001,<0.001, and 0.004) than in men. Higher age was associated with lower anxiety (β=-0.04, P=0.004) and stress (β=-0.13, P<0.001) in men, but only lower stress in women (β=-0.07, P=0.001). Highly educated participants experienced lower depression (β=-2.26, P=0.01, β=-2.26, P=0.003). Although married men robustly experienced lower depression than others (β=-1.69, P=0.009), a less powerful relationship existed between being married and depression in women (β=-1.37, P=0.05). All cigarette smokers experienced higher depression, anxiety, and stress, but only female hookah smokers had higher anxiety and stress. Physical activity and chronic disorders had no relationship with emotional states. Obesity was associated with stress in women (β=1.95, P=0.001). Conclusion: This study provides an update on factors associated with mental health outcomes in a large general population. Examining the factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress through a sex-sensitive lens could help clinicians diagnose and plan the best preventive and therapeutic approach.
Which Is More Accurate: Transcutaneous Bilirubin Measurement on the Forehead or Sternum?
Authors: Khoshnoud Shariati Maryam , Taslimi Taleghani Naeeme , Izadi Neda , Miri Aghil , Taheri Tafti Roya , Abdollah Gorji Fatemeh
Published: January 2023

Background: The accuracy and reliability of noninvasive methods of neonatal jaundice assessment are not completely obvious, including which area of the body is more suitable to estimate actual bilirubin with transcutaneous bilirubinometry (TCB). Methods: This cross-sectional study compares the accuracy of three noninvasive methods for neonatal jaundice estimation included visual estimation, TCB on the forehead, and TCB on the sternum. The mean and standard deviation describe quantitative variables. In addition to analytical analysis, we used the linear regression test to evaluate the association of different variables with the accuracy of TCB as well as paired t test for comparing the TCB results on the sternum with the forehead before and after phototherapy. For all statistical tests, a P value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: We enrolled 100 neonates with a mean age (±SD, standard deviation) of 6.5±1.9 days (range 2–11 days) in our study. The mean gestational age (GA) of the participants was 38.94 weeks±1.00 w SD, and their mean (±SD) weight was 3302 g (±315.60). The mean (mg/dL)±SD for bilirubin level by clinical estimation of jaundice, TCB on the forehead and TCB on the sternum were 17.35±2.88, 17.23±1.63, and 17.77±1.58, respectively. Also, comparing mean differences before and after phototherapy showed that TCB on the sternum is a good predictor for neonatal jaundice before phototherapy (0.539 vs. 0.348). Conclusion: TCB on the sternum is more predictive than the forehead, especially before phototherapy, to assess the need for treatment in outpatient settings.
Protocol Design for Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non–communicable Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Experience from Iran STEPS Survey 2021
Authors: Djalalinia Shirin , Azadnajafabad Sina , Ghasemi Erfan , Yoosefi Moein , Rezaei Negar , Farzi Yosef , Kazemi Ameneh , Ahmadi Naser , Nasserinejad Maryam , Fattahi Nima , Rezaei Shahabeddin , Abdolhamidi Elham , Foroutan Mehr Elmira , Haghshenas Rosa , Rezaei Nazila , Abdi Jaleh , Moghisi Alireza , Mahdavihezaveh Alireza , Akbari Sari Ali , Raeisi Alireza , Jamshidi Hamidreza , Larijani Bagher , Farzadfar Farshad
Published: January 2023

Background: Regarding the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and exposure to their risk factors, and the continuous need for nationwide data, we aimed to develop the latest round of the STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS) survey in 2021 in Iran, while the COVID-19 pandemic was still present. Methods: In addition to the three main steps of this survey, including questionnaires, physical measurements, and laboratory assessments, we adapted the survey with the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, by adding to various aspects of study phases and changing some scientific and executive procedures in this round of STEPS survey in Iran. These changes were beyond the initial novelties embedded within the survey before the pandemic, by refining the study protocol benefiting from the previous experiences of the STEPS survey. Results: By amending the required changes, we could include a total of 27874 individuals in the first step of the survey. This number was 27745 and 18119 for the second and third steps. Comparing the preliminary results with the previous nationwide surveys, this study was highly representative on both national and provincial levels. Also, implementing the COVID-19 prevention and control strategies in all stages of survey led to the least infection transmission between the study investigators and participants. Conclusion: The novel initiatives and developed strategies in this round of Iran STEPS survey provide a state-of-the-art protocol for national surveys in the presence of an overwhelming catastrophe like the COVID-19 pandemic and the triggered limitations and shortages of resources.