bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AIoT Concepts and Integration
Authors: Singha Ranjit , Singha Surjit
Published: March 2024

Integrating AIoT technologies provide businesses with increased productivity, cost savings, data-driven insights, and enhanced consumer interactions. Nevertheless, difficulties include data privacy, ethics, regulatory compliance, and technical complexities. The recommendations include transparent practices, accountability, bias mitigation, data minimization, informed consent, and ethical design. Policymakers must develop adaptable regulations, place a premium on privacy and security, and involve stakeholders. A user-centric approach and training in data ethics are essential. AIoT offers enormous potential but requires a delicate balance between innovation and responsibility, with ethics, privacy, and policy compliance at the forefront.
AIoT in Education Transforming Learning Environments and Educational Technology
Authors: Vashishth Tarun Kumar , Sharma Vikas , Sharma Kewal Krishan , Kumar Bhupendra , Chaudhary Sachin , Panwar Rajneesh
Published: March 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence and the internet of things (AIoT) in education has ushered in a paradigm shift, transforming traditional learning environments and revolutionizing educational technology. This chapter explores the multifaceted impact of AIoT on education, encompassing personalized learning experiences, intelligent tutoring systems, and the creation of smart educational spaces. By leveraging AI algorithms and IoT-connected devices, educators can tailor instructional content to individual student needs, fostering a dynamic and adaptive learning environment. The interconnectivity of devices enables real-time data collection, facilitating insights into student performance, engagement, and preferences. Moreover, AIoT contributes to the development of smart classrooms equipped with interactive technologies, enhancing collaboration and active participation. As we navigate this transformative era, the potential of AIoT in education holds promise for optimizing educational outcomes and shaping a future where technology seamlessly integrates with the learning experience.
Evolution of the Start-Up Ecosystem Traditional to Tech-Driven Industries
Authors: Katjiteo Ancia
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the start-up ecosystem has shifted from traditional industries to a tech-driven one. This change is driven by technological advancements, evolving consumer behavior, and a thirst for innovation. Tech startups leverage digital tools, AI, and the internet to disrupt traditional sectors. They benefit from easier market entry, quicker prototyping, and global reach. Increased venture capital, angel investors, and crowdfunding support their growth. Collaboration in tech hubs like Silicon Valley fosters knowledge sharing and innovation. Established companies are partnering with tech startups to integrate innovation. This transformation democratizes entrepreneurship, enhances funding, and promotes innovation, with more changes expected in the future.
Heavy Metal Pollution and Biosorption
Authors: Srivastava Himanshi , Saini Pinki , Singh Anchal , Yadav Sangeeta
Published: March 2024

The escalation of environmental pollution by heavy metals has emerged as a global concern in recent years, posing a significant threat to public health. This phenomenon is exacerbated by the ongoing rise in anthropogenic activities, notably industrial processes and urbanization, which indiscriminately release pollutants into the environment without effective control and mitigation measures. Subsequently, these metals traverse the food chain, impacting animals and humans. Elevated levels of heavy metals can have deleterious effects on organisms and plants, disrupting the metabolic functions of vital organs and glands. Continuous assessment and monitoring of heavy metal levels in the environment are imperative due to the escalating anthropogenic activities. The primary objective of this chapter is to provide an illustrative discussion on important heavy metals, environmental pollution caused by heavy metals, encompassing air, soil, and water. Various toxic effects on human health have been considered, and corresponding remedies have been presented.
Mathematical Modeling of Microbial Bioremediation
Authors: Rosca Mihaela , Cozma Petronela , Gavrilescu Maria
Published: March 2024

Biosorption is a method that holds great promise for environmental bioremediation. However, the process mechanism is not yet fully comprehended as it relies heavily on the characteristics of the biosorbent, properties of the pollutants, and operational conditions. The knowledge and understanding of sorption kinetics and mechanisms are critical for the design and scaling up of biosorption. Applying the proper models and methods in the evaluation of heavy metals biosorption can elucidate mechanisms, analyze experimental data, predict outcomes, and optimize processes. After a brief analysis of the literature in the field of biosorption, it has been found that the most valuable models provide information about process kinetics, maximum biosorption capacity and thermodynamics. Additionally, the preferred methods for studying the interactive effects of process variables and creating a precise mathematical model that describes the process accurately are highly sought after. Thus, the main purpose of the chapter consists in exposing the available mathematical models and methods that can be applied for the evaluation of all factors that could affect the biosorption of heavy metals. The isotherms, kinetic and thermodynamic models, as well as the statistical tools suitable for evaluating biosorption were presented, with a special emphasis on their application, advantages, as well as disadvantages.
The Potential of Agricultural Waste Chars as Low-Cost Adsorbents for Heavy Metal Removal From Water
Authors: Nyoni Bothwell , Fouda-Mbanga Bienvenu Gael , Hlabano-Moyo Bongibethu Msekeli , Nthwane Yvonne Boitumelo , Yalala Bongani , Tywabi-Ngeva Zikhona , Hlangothi Percy
Published: March 2024

Ensuring that every human being has access to clean and safe drinking water is a major global concern. The challenge of heavy metal contamination in water poses a serious risk to human health. This chapter aims to explore an eco-friendly and cost-effective solution to address water contamination issues. The focus is on using pyrolysis char derived from agricultural waste as a low-cost adsorbent to efficiently remove heavy metals from water. A thorough review of relevant literature, emphasising the advantages of pyrolysis char and highlighting recent advancements in the field, is performed. Additionally, an outline of potential challenges and future research direction in this promising area is given.
Understanding Pharmacokinetics, Bioavailability Radar, and Molecular Docking Studies for Selected Medicinal Plants Against Lung Cancer Receptors
Authors: Gurjar Surya Pratap , Roy Arpita , Gupta Aaryan
Published: March 2024

This chapter is dedicated to discussing molecular docking approaches in natural product-based drug discovery programs, which include 27 phytocompounds from 11 distinct medicinal plants. The ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) processes are first examined to understand how a drug interacts within and is processed by the body. Acquiring knowledge about a drug's ADME properties is vital to developing safe and effective pharmacotherapy. A Bioavailability radar analysis is then conducted to identify the optimal physicochemical space required for a molecule to be classified as drug-like, which includes polarity, size, lipophilicity, solubility, flexibility, and saturation. Molecular docking is a useful method in traditional medicine screening programs that predicts interactions between small molecules and drug targets. Finally, the target protein is selected for the study, which is optimized with the coordinates of the phytochemicals for stable conformation and minimum energy.
A Literature Review for the Association of Social Media With Micro and Small Enterprises in India
Authors: Singh Ajay Kumar , Singh Santosh , Gupta Meenakshi
Published: March 2024

Social media and social media marketing (SMM) are essential to increase the performance of MSMEs. MSMEs are providing jobs to the youth population and helping to increase social welfare. Past studies could not explain a reliable view on how social media and SMM are useful to enhance the progress of MSMEs in the case of developing countries like India. Therefore, this chapter measures the MSMEs affecting factors as giving more focus on social media and SMM as per the existing studies. It recognizes the contribution of social media in the MSMEs of India. It provides practical policy recommendations to improve the practices of social media and SMM in MSMEs of India. It proposed that social media is useful to increase profits, sales, customers, efficiency, and production of MSMEs. The new entrepreneurs should increase the practice of social media to achieve various targets in SMEs.
Importance and Challenges of Online Learning in Higher Educational Institutions During COVID-19 in Uttarakhand State of India
Authors: Singh Ajay Kumar , Singh Santosh , Sharma Sandeep Kumar
Published: March 2024

This chapter assesses the importance and challenges of digital learning in HEIs during COVID-19 in Uttarakhand. It conducted an online survey of 500 students studying in various programmes of HEIs. Quantitative and qualitative data are collected from the students. A total of 396 respondents recorded their responses on various questions related to study. The descriptive results claimed that the skills and learning capacity of most of the students were adversely affected due to online teaching during COVID-19 in HEIs. Teachers and students have faced several challenges to accomplish their objectives related to teaching and learning in online mode. Content-based analysis was applied to explore the impact of digital platforms on skills and learning of students. It inferred that digital platforms possess a negative impact on HEIs. HEIs, therefore, should create appropriate ICT infrastructure and e-platform to increase skills of the students and teachers during online learning.
How Social Media Entrepreneurship Can Boost Business in the Future
Authors: Priasa Mithila Zaman , Mahim Rashidul Hasan , Prodhan Jotirmoyee , Akther Tanzila , Morshed Tanzid , Juhana Fatima Tuz
Published: March 2024

This chapter uses a thorough study method to examine the revolutionary power of the social media business. Part of the plan for the study is to do a complete literature review that includes books, papers, journals, and Google Scholar documentation. Sites like Facebook and Statista are also used for their data and cases in the study. During the study process, strict academic standards are applied to ensure the results are real and accurate. Data can come from many places, like business records, scholarly publications, and social networking sites. There are quantifiable and qualitative ways to look at data to find meaningful trends, patterns, and insights. The study results are given in a short form and are backed up by relevant data and figures. The last part of the chapter talks about what this study means for business and social media creators in the future.
An In-Depth Exploration of AI and Humanoid Robotics' Role in Contemporary Healthcare
Authors: Barua Ranjit
Published: March 2024

In contemporary healthcare, artificial intelligence (AI) and humanoid robotics are transformative forces, revolutionizing patient care and medical practices. AI algorithms analyze vast datasets to enhance diagnostic accuracy, enabling early disease detection and personalized treatment plans. Humanoid robots, equipped with AI, assist in repetitive tasks, patient monitoring, and even surgery, augmenting healthcare professionals' capabilities. This synergy between AI and robotics not only improves efficiency but also fosters patient engagement and empowers healthcare providers. These technologies streamline administrative processes, reduce errors, and facilitate remote patient monitoring. However, ethical considerations and the need for responsible AI deployment must be addressed. Despite challenges, the integration of AI and humanoid robotics marks a paradigm shift in healthcare, promising more precise diagnoses, efficient treatments, and ultimately, improved patient outcomes in the ever-evolving landscape of medical science.
Applications of AI in Drug Discovery
Authors: Rahate Kalpana Pravin , Mondal Ritam
Published: March 2024

This study conducts a critical analysis of the state of artificial intelligence uses for drug discovery, highlighting important obstacles, unrealized potential, and tactical routes for successful adoption. The chapter emphasizes the noteworthy advancements in target identification, compound screening, and molecule design using AI-driven algorithms. It also covers the ethical ramifications that arise from the combination of AI and drug discovery, as well as the accessibility of AI models and regulatory issues. The significance of interdisciplinary collaborations, advances in computational power, and the creation of strong validation frameworks are emphasized as key strategies to address these problems. This study sheds light on the complex environment of AI in drug discovery by offering a thorough summary of the difficulties encountered, the opportunities that arise, and the strategic frameworks that are necessary to fully utilize AI's potential to transform the pharmaceutical sector.
Blockchain-Based Intelligent, Interactive Healthcare Systems
Authors: Hemamalini V. , Tyagi Amit Kumar , Rajivkannan A.
Published: March 2024

When it comes to the smart healthcare sector, blockchain technology presents several prospects. Aside from its usage in the financial industry, blockchain technology is now also utilised in the process of establishing trust, protecting privacy, and ensuring security. Within the scope of this work, we will provide an explanation of a new development in the healthcare business that strives to enhance the effectiveness and safety of the administration of healthcare data. We employ blockchain technology to construct a decentralised and tamper-proof network that facilitates safe data exchange among healthcare stakeholders such as patients, providers, and insurers. This technique is known as Blockchain-based Intelligent and Interactive Healthcare Systems (Blockchain-based IHS). The purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of BIIHS, including its advantages, disadvantages, and potential future paths. The BIIHS has the potential to enhance patient outcomes by facilitating personalised treatment plans, lowering the number of medical mistakes, and offering real-time access to vital and sensitive health data. Nevertheless, in order to fully realise the promise of BIIHS, it is necessary to solve problems such as regulation compliance, interoperability, and privacy concerns. Artificial intelligence and the internet of things are two examples of upcoming technologies that might be included into BIIHS in the future. This would allow for the healthcare sector to further improve its capabilities.
Emerging, Assistive, and Digital Technology in Telemedicine Systems
Authors: Kumari Shabnam , Tyagi Amit Kumar , Sharma Avinash Kumar
Published: March 2024

In the recent decade, emerging, assistive, and digital technologies have revolutionized the field of telemedicine, enabling remote healthcare delivery, improving patient outcomes, and expanding access to medical services. This chapter provides an overview of the advancements and applications of these technologies in telemedicine systems. Today mobile apps provide convenient access to medical services, appointment scheduling, medication reminders, and health education. EHRs store and share patient information securely, enabling seamless collaboration and continuity of care across healthcare settings. Telemedicine apps provide intuitive interfaces for video consultations, remote examinations, and sharing of medical data, facilitating efficient remote diagnosis and treatment. Hence, emerging, assistive, and digital technologies have transformed telemedicine, enhancing healthcare delivery, patient engagement, and access to specialized medical expertise. These technologies have the potential to revolutionize healthcare systems, particularly in remote and underserved areas.
Forestry Holistic Education
Authors: Sohail Muhammad , Riaz Sobia , Rashid Muhammad Haroon U. , Khan Hasil , Ahmad Irfan , Asif Muhammad , Sahar Rashba
Published: March 2024

Forestry plays an integral part in the sustainable management of resources, the preservation of biodiversity, and the mitigation of climate change. The growing need for skilled professionals in the field highlights the significance of top-notch forestry education in addressing present environmental, economic, and psychological concerns. This research chapter provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of forestry education programs worldwide. It specifically investigates the national-level forestry education curriculum approaches and how their beneficiaries correlate with the forest sector. An inclusive approach is needed to evaluate the curriculum, instructional methods, practical training, and the incorporation of interdisciplinary knowledge in forestry education systems. Moreover, the primary and secondary recipients of forestry education encompass students, local communities, and the wider environment. Ultimately, this research chapter enhances knowledge of how comprehensive forestry education can serve as a catalyst for beneficial transformation on a worldwide level.
Understanding Women's Fear of Crime
Authors: Iglesias Camila
Published: March 2024

In recent decades, research on the fear of crime has significantly expanded within the fields of criminology and victimology. Similarly, studies on gender-based violence have also increased, particularly concerning domestic violence and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrated against women. Criminological evidence has consistently shown that women report high levels of fear of crime, despite having a lower risk of becoming victims of common (or street) crimes. The disparity between women's fear and risk has given rise to what is known as the “fear-victimization paradox,” and several theories have been proposed over time to explain this paradox. However, an apparent dichotomy between public and private spaces still influences empirical evidence, and researchers have often overlooked the effects of domestic violence and IPV on women's fear of crime. This theoretical chapter aims to shed light on a better understanding of this fear-victimization paradox. It seeks to provide an integrated approach to the concepts of women's fear of crime and IPV. Moreover, it will delve into the potential repercussions of this type of victimization and fear on women's quality of life and daily routines, thereby illuminating promising avenues for future research in this crucial area.
From Forms of Violence to the Specificities of the Impact on LGBTI+ Victims
Authors: Leite da Silva Cynthia
Published: March 2024

LGBTI+ people are victims of different forms of violence all over the world, from situations of hate, discrimination, LGBTI+ phobic bullying, domestic violence, and even violence within intimate relationships. A large part of this violence sends a message to the community: a message of intolerance and non-acceptance. These are acts that undermine the dignity and identity of the victims. This chapter therefore aims to specify these forms of violence, outlining and understanding the differential impact that violence has on LGBTI+ victims. At the same time, it seeks to list some measures that can contribute to combating or reducing the occurrence of this violence.
Improving Semiconductor Reliability of Silver Sintering Die-Attach Adhesives for Large Die on Copper Lead Frames
Authors: de Wit Ruud , Martin Henry , Cao Xinpei , Wijgaerts Jan , Smits Edsger , Xia Bo
Published: March 2024

Emerging trends like 6G Telecom and Electric Vehicles

(EVs) are driving advancements in semiconductor packaging,

specifically in back-end assembly. These enabling technologies are

focused on achieving higher functionality, improved connectivity

at higher frequencies, smaller form factors, efficient heat dissipation, and reduced power consumption. The instrumental role

of Wide-Band Gap semiconductors to enable high-frequency RF

transmissions, and efficient power switching necessitates advancements

in thermal dissipation and the ability to withstand higher thermo-mechanical stresses in next-generation power devices.

Concurrently, the semiconductor industry has been seeking a lead (Pb) solder replacement with improved automotive reliability

for over two decades. The lead-free alternatives need to be compatible with larger die sizes on metal lead frames and must align with the high productivity demands of semiconductor

back-end processing. However, finding a suitable, drop-in leadfree solution that can address these challenges has proven to be highly challenging [1]. This paper describes the ongoing product development and comprehensive testing of a new hybrid silver sintering die-attach development with stress- absorbing additives specifically designed for large die on lead frame based applications following close collaboration between Henkel and

CITC. This development work has been the result of the dire need to meet the industry’s evolving trends and requirements

towards higher power and sustainable products.
Assembly of Printed Interconnects for Immobilized Protein Microfluidic Assays
Authors: Xu Qianwen , Lee S. W. Ricky , Guo Yusong , Lo Jeffery C. C.
Published: March 2024

Microfluidics has attracted significant attention for biological applications, particularly for high-throughput screening and multiplexing. However, conventional

interconnect techniques are limited in their ability to fabricate

the hundreds or thousands of microfluidic interconnects needed to process multiple samples for high-throughput microfluidics.

To address this challenge, coaxial printing was invented to enable rapid, customizable, and scalable microfluidic

interconnects. This paper focuses on the assembly process of

coaxial printed interconnects for immobilized protein

microfluidic assays. We demonstrate the immobilization of

protein into a 1 x 1 microwell microfluidic unit with printed connectors to showcase the process.
A slow and dangerous swelling of the tongue and the face
Authors: Poggiali Erika , Pagani Laura , Pergolotti Benedetta , Vercelli Andrea
Published: March 2024

A 91-year-old man presented at our emergency room complaining of sialorrhea and facial edema, especially around his lips and palpebral region. The symptoms started in the morning and got worse over two hours. He had a history of hypertension and hypokinetic ischemic cardiomyopathy treated with ramipril, doxazosin, aspirin, furosemide, amiodarone, ranolazine, atorvastatin, and pantoprazole. He referred an allergy to clopidogrel. He did not introduce any novel medications or foods. His vital signs were BP 150/70, HR 57 bpm, sO2 97% in room ambient, RR 18/min, and BT 36.4 °C. He presented a severe edema of the tongue with tirage and cornage. He was immediately treated IV with hydrocortisone 1 g chlorpheniramine maleate 10 mg, and icatibant 30 mg SC and he was intubated through the nose.
Erratum: Rethinking literacy pedagogy in the context of 4IR: Learners’ access and reading motivation
Authors: Olifant Florence M. , Boakye Naomi , Cekiso Madoda
Published: March 2024

No abstract available.
Dengue Vaccines: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Authors: Kamath Vasantha , Aishwarya A. B.
Published: March 2024

Dengue fever (DF), caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is a major public health problem worldwide, with approximately 390 million reported annual infections. The lack of specific antiviral therapies and limited means of vector control has led to the development of a dengue vaccine as a promising strategy to combat this disease. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current status and prospects of dengue vaccines. This review describes different approaches used in dengue vaccine development, including live-attenuated, inactivated, subunit, and viral vector vaccines. Each approach is evaluated for immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy based on preclinical and clinical studies, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each vaccine candidate. Future directions and research priorities in dengue vaccine development are highlighted. In conclusion, dengue vaccines have great potential to reduce the burden of DF worldwide. However, some challenges remain regarding vaccine safety, efficacy, delivery, and availability. By addressing these challenges and leveraging advances in vaccine technology, there can be more effective control and prevention of DF and protection of public health, leading to improvement in the quality of life.
Integrating Intellectual Consciousness AI based on Ensemble Machine Learning for Price Negotiation in E-commerce using Text and Voice-Based Chatbot
Authors: Challagundla Yagnesh , Chintalapati Lohitha Rani , Charan Tunuguntla Trilok Sai , Namburu Anupama , K Srinivasa Reddy , Naga Ramesh Janjhyam Venkata
Published: March 2024

Online shopping has experienced an enormous boost in recent years. With this evolution, the majority of internet shopping's capabilities have been developed, but some functions, such as negotiating with store owners, are still not available. This paper suggests employing a chatbot with a voice assistant to negotiate product prices. Customers can communicate with the chatbot to get assistance in finding a reasonable price for a product. In online purchasing, there is a possibility that the consumers or the product seller's budget may be compromised. In order to assist in purchasing, algorithm has been created in machine learning that uses the forecasting of historical data to avoid compromising situations. However, improper dataset or when irrelevant aspects or at- tributes of the data are used, price prediction might become less accurate. Ecommerce companies do not merely depend on price prediction tools due to the significant financial losses brought on even by a single inaccurate price prediction. Additionally, few models fail to perform well when the data saturates or when an attribute becomes inaccessible after the period for which the model's prediction was reliant. By controlling these alterations, the accuracy and dependability are preserved in the model pro- posed in this study.
A note on the Gauss–Manin connection for abelian schemes
Authors: Fonseca Tiago J. , Matthes Nils
Published: March 2024

We study differential forms on the universal vector extension

A^{\natural}

of an abelian scheme

A

in characteristic zero, and derive a new construction of the

D

-group scheme structure on

A^{\natural}

. This gives, in particular, a rather simple description of the Gauss–Manin connection on the de Rham cohomology of

A

in terms of global algebraic differential forms on

A^{\natural}

. The key ingredient is the computation of the coherent cohomology of

A^{\natural}

, due to Coleman and Laumon.
Phytoplankton Dynamics in an Oligo-mesotrophic Environment along the Montenegrin Coast (South-East Adriatic Sea)
Authors: Drakulović Dragana , Huter Aleksandra , Pestorić Branka , Marković Olivera , Šuković Danijela
Published: March 2024

The dynamics of the phytoplankton community were studied along the Montenegrin coast, in the mesotrophic area of Boka Kotorska Bay and the oligotrophic coastal open sea area.
This two year study investigates differences in dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages and abundances in the Bay area, which is highly impacted from the land, and the open coastal part of the Montenegrin coast, which is highly influenced by Levantine water masses but less affected by anthropogenic influence.`

Regarding phytoplankton diversity, the microplankton species detected are those that prefer areas rich in inorganic nutrients, such as Chaetoceros affinis, Dactyliosolen fragilissimus, Leptocylindrus danicus, Pseudo-nitzschia spp., and Thalassionema nitzschioides. These species used both new and regenerated nutrients which regenerated at each grazing level of the microbial loop and are thus made available to the primary producers.

The potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia spp. reached an abundance of 105 cells/L.

Among the potentially toxic dinoflagellates, Dinophysis acuminata, D. acuta, D. caudata, D. fortii, D. tripos, Gonyaulax spinifera, Lingulodinium polyedra, Phalacroma rotundatum were recorded (the abundance reached values up to 102 cells/L).

The detected presence of several potentially toxic and toxic phytoplankton species warrants the need to raise awareness for the necessity of continuous monitoring activities and preventive measures.
The Impact of External Environmental Management Factors on Environmental Management Activities and Business Performance in Practical Business Administration
Authors:   The Korean-Japanese Economics & Management Association, Rhee Kyung-Gu
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between environmental management factors and management performance and to verify the mediating effect of environmental management level. Through this, we would like to find ways to improve the environmental management level and the management performance.
Research design, data, and methodology: A survey was conducted on employees of manufacturing industry located in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongsangnam-do. A total of 356 valid questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS programs. The hypothesis on the relationship between environmental management factors, environmental management and management performance was verified.
Results: As a result of the analysis, it was found that environmental management factors affects environmental management and management performance. Among the environmental management factors, market opportunity, market pressure and government regulation affected environmental management. Environmental management affacts non-financial performance and non-finalcial performance affects financial performance. Therefore, it was found that some of the environmental management factors had a significant effect on management performance by completely mediating environmental management.
Implications: This study verified the mediating effect of environmental management in the relationship between environmental management factors and management performance, and it was found that effect had a complete mediating effect. Therefore, it is necessary to come up with measures to improve environmental management and management performance.
Financial resourcing at micro-, meso-, and macrolevels: Social, security, and fiscal dimensions
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Slatvinskyi Maksym
Published: March 2024

The monograph represents the results of research of the scientific and pedagogical staff of the Department of Finance, Accounting and Economic Security of Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University on the research topic “Problems of financial support of economic and social sphere” (state registration number 0116U000117). The monograph was funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine within the framework of the research project No. 0123U101614 “Strategic Design of Innovative Business Environment to Enhance Human Security in Wartime and Postwar Conditions” (Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine Order No. 232 of 3 March 2023). Recommended for readers interested in economic issues, academics, professionals, postgraduates, educators and students.
FINANCIAL CAPACITY OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DECENTRALIZATION
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Osadchuk Nataliia
Published: March 2024

The reform of local self-government and territorial organization of power on the basis of decentralization in Ukraine was launched in view of the unsatisfactory ability of the vast majority of local governments (LG) out of more than 11,000 local councils that existed before 2014 to exercise their own and delegated powers at the proper level. One of the goals of the reform was to amalgamate territorial communities to strengthen the capacity of local governments to more effectively address public issues within their competence and provide better and more diverse basic public services.
USING THE MYKOLAIV REGION’S TOURISM POTENTIAL FOR THE FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Haba Myroslava , Dnistrianska Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Senkiv Mariana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ilnytska-Hykavchuk Halyna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Makar Oksana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2024

Cultural heritage is an important resource for tourism, local and regional development. Tourism contributes to the economic development of regions with significant natural, historical and cultural potential. The tourism industry also increases sales in tourism-related 133 industries (for example, trade, construction, hotels, transport, food, etc.), and the region’s economy receives additional income. Tourism also has a positive impact on the preservation and development of the cultural heritage of mankind and mutual understanding among citizens.
On the Potential of Machine Learning to Improve Disease Outcomes
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, India, MR Pooja
Published: March 2024

The medicine today is advanced into new realm with the growth of applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in healthcare. This is important as we will not be addressing the target population for a specific disease alone; rather predict the likely outcome of the related disease in an unknown population of interest with the knowledge gained. This is of utmost focus especially with rare diseases, the data for which are available in lower volumes. Further, prediction outcomes available at earlier stages are important to prepare points of care to handle disastrous outcomes resulting from the diseases.
Refinement of Metrics: Erdős Number, a Case Study
Authors: Lock Kayla , Pong Wai Yan , Wittmond Alexander
Published: March 2024

We introduce a concept called refinement and provide two different ways of refining metrics. By applying these methods we produce several refinements of the shortest-path distance on the collaboration graph and hence a couple of  new versions of the Erdős number.
Classifications of ℓ-Zero-Sumfree Sets
Authors: Adams Ashleigh , Hall Carole , Stucky Eric
Published: March 2024

The set of all ℓ-zero-sumfree subsets of ℤ/nℤ is a simplicial complex denoted by Δn, ℓ. We create an algorithm via defining a set of integer partitions we call (n,ℓ)-congruent partitions in order to compute this complex for moderately-sized parameters n and ℓ. We also theoretically determine Δn, ℓ for several infinite families of parameters, and compute the intersection posets and the characteristic polynomials of the corresponding coordinate subspace arrangements.
Volume Bounds for Trivalent Planar Graphs
Authors: Anita Koh
Published: March 2024

This paper studies the volumes of hyperbolic planar trivalent graphs. The connection between fully augmented links and trivalent planar graphs allows us to apply previous work on knots and links to this setting. Exact volume bounds for graphs with up to 12 vertices are calculated. Purcell’s sharp lower bound for the volumes of fully augmented links translates directly to a lower bound for trivalent graphs. Moreover, a natural cell decomposition on trivalent graphs allows us to interpret upper bounds for link volumes in the graph theoretic setting. This is done for both the Agol Thurston tetrahedral upper bound and Adams' bipyramidal upper bound. An infinite family of graphs, inspired by Agol-Thurston’s infinite chain link fence, proves these bounds are asymptotically equivalent.
On the Solutions of Some Equations Over Rings of Integers Modulo the Square of a Prime
Authors: Jitman Somphong , Dukdokjan Khanittha , Wongwilai Chanakan
Published: March 2024

Algebraic equations over finite fields and over finite rings have been of interest due to their beautiful structures, useful in applications, and links with other mathematical objects. In this paper, the equation X2 - Y2 = α   is studied over the ring of integers modulo p2, where p is a prime number and α is an arbitrary constant. Through a matrix method, the solutions of this equation are given together with an explicit formula for the number of solutions.
Lights Out on a Random Graph
Authors: Forrest Bradley , Manno Nicole
Published: March 2024

We consider the generalized game Lights Out played on a graph and investigate the following question: for a given positive integer n, what is the probability that a graph chosen uniformly at random from the set of graphs with n vertices yields a universally solvable game of Lights Out? When n ≤ 11, we compute this probability exactly by determining if the game is universally solvable for each graph with n vertices. We approximate this probability for each positive integer n with n ≤ 87 by applying a Monte Carlo method using 1,000,000 trials. We also perform the analogous computations for connected graphs.
A Computer-Based Approach to Solving the Diophantine Equation $7^x-3^y=100$
Authors: Dima Andreea
Published: March 2024

Assisted by Octave and by a website where one can find the order of a modulo m (here a and m are relatively prime natural numbers), I found a proof for showing that the diophantine equation $7^x - 3^y = 100$ has only the solution (x,y) = (3,5) in positive integers.
Dense Orbits of a Two Point Algebra
Authors: Andonie Adara , Lara Danny
Published: March 2024

Finite dimensional algebras over a field can be classified into three classes by representation type. These are finite, tame, and wild. Wild algebras contain copies of the representations of all finite dimensional algebras so classifying the indecomposable representations is not feasible. We then look at representations whose orbit is dense in their associated irreducible component of their representation variety. With this geometric perspective, we can approximate our representations. We give an example of a two point dense orbit algebra of wild representation type and show that it has a dense orbit for dimension vectors of certain types.
A Quadratic Relation in the Bernoulli Numbers
Authors: Beals-Reid Madeline
Published: March 2024

We present a proof of an identity involving the Bernoulli numbers. This identity has been proved, over the centuries, by many different methods. Our method uses a technique from over a millennium ago for finding polynomial expressions for sums of powers of integers.
Polynomials in Fp[x] Which Commute Under Composition
Authors: Hatley Jeffrey , Teplitskiy Mayah
Published: March 2024

Let F be a finite field and let f be a linear polynomial in F[x]. We investigate the number of polynomials of degree d which commute with f under composition. In so doing, we rediscover a result of Park, but with a conceptually simpler proof.
Isoperimetric 3- and 4-Bubble Results on R With Density |x|
Authors: Alexander Evan , Burns Emily , Ross John , Stovall Jesse , Whyte Zariah
Published: March 2024

We study the isoperimetric problem on ℝ1 with a prescribed density function f(x)=|x|. Under these conditions, we find that isoperimetric 3-bubble and 4-bubble results satisfy a regular structure. As our regions increase in size, the intervals that form them alternate back-and-forth across the origin, with the smaller regions closer to the origin. This expands on previously known observations about the single- and double-bubble results on ℝ with density |x|p.
Antimagic Labeling of Forests
Authors: Sierra Johnny , Liu Daphne Der-Fen , Toy Jessica
Published: March 2024

An antimagic labeling of a graph G(V,E) is a bijection f mapping from E to the set {1,2,…, |E|}, so that for any two different vertices u and v, the sum of f(e) over all edges e incident to u, and the sum of f(e) over all edges e incident to v, are distinct.  We call G antimagic if it admits an antimagic labeling. A forest is a graph without cycles; equivalently, every component of a forest is a tree.

It was proved by Kaplan, Lev, and Roditty in 2009, and by Liang, Wong, and Zhu in 2014 that every tree with at most one vertex of degree two is antimagic. A major tool used in the proof is the zero-sum partition introduced by Kaplan, Lev, and Roditty in 2009. In this article, we provide an algorithmic representation for the zero-sum partition method and apply this method to show that every forest with at most one vertex of degree two is also antimagic.
Straightening Identities in the Universal Enveloping Algebra of some Twisted Multiloop Algebras of sl4
Authors: Chamberlin Samuel Herron , Niraula Jagrit
Published: March 2024

We have formulated and proven some straightening identities in the universal enveloping algebras of the twisted multiloop algebras of sl4 with Chevalley involution twist. These formulas could be useful in investigating the representation theory of this algebra.
Self-Similar Structure of k- and Biperiodic Fibonacci Words
Authors: Bortz Darby , Cummings Nicholas , Gao Suyi , Jaffe Elias , Mai Lan , Steinhurst Benjamin , Tillotson Pauline
Published: March 2024

Defining the biperiodic Fibonacci words as a class of words over the alphabet {0,1}, and two specializations the k-Fibonacci and classical Fibonacci words, we provide a self-similar decomposition of these words into overlapping words of the same type. These self-similar decompositions complement the previous literature where self-similarity was indicated but the specific structure of how the pieces interact was left undiscussed.
Sums of Powers of Primes in Arithmetic Progression
Authors: Boran Muhammet , Byun John , Li Zhangze , Miller Steven J. , Reyes Stephanie
Published: March 2024

Gerard and Washington proved that, for k > -1, the number of primes less than xk+1 can be well approximated by summing the kth powers of all primes up to x. We extend this result to primes in arithmetic progressions: we prove that the number of primes p congruent to n modulo m less than xk+1 is asymptotic to the sum of kth powers of all primes p congruent to n modulo m up to x. We prove that the prime power sum approximation tends to be an underestimate for positive k and an overestimate for negative k, and quantify for different values of k how well the approximation works for x between 104 and 108.
Symmetry of f-Vectors of Toric Arrangements in General Position and Some Applications
Authors: Bergerová Diana
Published: March 2024

A toric hyperplane is the preimage of a point in a circle of a continuous surjective group homomorphism from the n-torus to the circle. A toric hyperplane arrangement is a finite collection of such hyperplanes. In this paper, we study the combinatorial properties of toric hyperplane arrangements on n-tori which are spanning and in general position. Specifically, we describe the symmetry of f-vectors arising in such arrangements and a few applications of the result to count configurations of hyperplanes.
The Connections Between Consistent Maps and Measures
Authors: Aberg Lucas , Samuels Charles L.
Published: March 2024

Let Y denote the space of places of  the algebraic closure of the rationals  as defined in a 2009 article of Allcock and Vaaler.  As part of an effort to classify certain dual spaces, the second author defined an object called a consistent map. Every signed Borel measure on Y can be used to construct a consistent map, however, we asserted without proof that not all consistent maps arise in this way. By constructing a counterexample, we show in the present article that not all consistent maps arise from measures, confirming claims made in the second author's earlier work.
ON THE USE OF THE METHOD OF MULTISTAGE LOADING FOR COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE CONTACT ENDURANCE LIMIT
Authors:   Belarusian State University, BOGDANOVICH Alexander V. , BASINIUK Vladimir L. ,   Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the NAS of Belarus, GLAZUNOVA Anna A. ,   Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the NAS of Belarus
Published: March 2024

The possibility of applying the method of multistage loading (Lokati) is considered for the calculation and experimental evaluation of the contact endurance limit. The results of applying the Lokati method to determine the median contact endurance limit of specimens made of aluminum alloy Д16 (D16) and 0.45% carbon steel are analyzed. The tests were carried out according to the scheme “shaft — roller” in rolling conditions without slipping. The criteria for reaching the limit state, the parameters of the multistage loading mode were varied. It is shown that the Lokati method and its basis, the hypothesis of linear accumulation of fatigue damage, make it possible to satisfactorily assess the value of the contact endurance limit of the studied materials.
PROSPECTS OF DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF MECHATRONIC MACHINE TOOL EQUIPMENT IN HYBRID MANUFACTURING
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, BAZROV Boris M. , SEREBRENNY Vladimir V. ,   Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN”, KHEIFETZ Mikhail L. ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the NAS of Belarus, TUROVETS Vladimir A. ,   JSC “Institute of BELORGSTANKINPROM”
Published: March 2024

World trends and prospects of development of technological equipment complexes are considered. The applied stages and phases of machining equipment design are analyzed by means of constructing design schemes traditional for machine mechanics. It is proposed to create technological machine tool complexes by layout synthesis with the help of element base, which should contain functional technological and service modules, and the service purpose of the machine tool should include the nomenclature of manufactured surface modules. It is shown that the prospects of application of energy flows for intensification of machining processes should be analyzed at the early stages of design, using thermal and electrophysical criteria to study the emerging relations in the system. It is suggested to start designing mechatronic systems of machine tool complexes from the analysis of structural relations of information technologies in hybrid production including traditional and additive technologies.
Trend and Determinants of Neonatal Mortality at the Buea and Limbe Regional Hospitals, Southwest Region, Cameroon
Authors: Monono Naiza
Published: March 2024

Background: Over the years the rate of neonatal mortality in low-income settings has been on the increase and most cases of neonatal mortality can be associated with modifiable risk factors. However, the rate of neonatal mortality remains high in Cameroon with the Southwest Region having one of the highest rates of neonatal mortality.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the trend and determinants of neonatal mortality in Buea and Limbe Regional Hospitals.

Method and Materials: A hospital based retrospective study of files of neonates was conducted from the 1st of January 2017 to the 31st of December 2022. Socio-demographic, clinical and outcome data were obtained using a data extraction form and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 27.

Results: The trend of neonatal mortality was apparently constant (16.1% and 17.8%) between 2017 to 2022. Birth asphyxia 150(53.4%) was found to be the most common cause of neonatal mortality. Identified determinants were: acute fetal distress (AOR:2.6 [1.333-5.346]), no ANC visit (AOR:13.1 [3.849-44.284]), birth weight less than 2500g (AOR:2.050 [0.039-4.216]), birth weight greater than 4000 g (AOR:2 [1.002-3.43]), Apgar Score ˂ 3 (AOR:99.9 [87.036-100.000]) and Apgar score ˂ 6 (AOR=5.164 [1.768-15.082]).

Conclusion: Neonatal mortality in our context is still below the expectations of SDG3 with perinatal asphyxia and its related modifiable factors influencing neonatal mortality the most. Therefore, more impactful community education and information sessions to build a positive mind set on pregnant women and their families to reduce neonatal mortality is required from all health sectors.