bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Method for Improving Heat Dissipation and Avoiding Charging Effect for Cavity Silicon-on-Glass Structures
Authors: Wang Junduo , Hu Yuwei , Qian Lei , Shan Yameng , Shen Wenjiang
Published: July 2023

Anode bonding is a widely used method for fabricating devices with suspended structures, and this approach is often combined with deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) for releasing the device. However, the DRIE process with a glass substrate can potentially cause two critical issues: heat accumulation on the suspended surface and charging effects resulting from the reflection of charged particles from the glass substrate. In particular, for torsional bars with narrow width, the heat accumulated on the suspended surface may not dissipate efficiently, leading to photoresist burning and subsequently resulting in the fracture of the torsional bars. Moreover, once etching is finished through the silicon diaphragm, the glass surface becomes charged, and incoming ions are reflected towards the back of the silicon, resulting in the etching of the back surface. To address these issues, we proposed a method of growing silicon oxide on the back of the device layer. By designing, simulating, and fabricating electrostatic torsional micromirrors with common cavity silicon-on-glass (SOG) structures, we successfully validated the feasibility of this approach. This approach ensures effective heat dissipation on the suspended surface, even when the structure is over-etched for an extended period, and enables the complete etching of torsional bars without adverse effects due to the overheating problem. Additionally, the oxide layer can block ions from reaching the glass surface, thus avoiding the charging effect commonly observed in SOG structures during DRIE.
Dense Cover, but Not Allelopathic Potential, of Naturalised Alien Cenchrus echinatus L. Threatens the Native Species in the Urban Vegetation
Authors: Hassan Mahmoud O. , Mohamed Howida Y. , Okla Mohammad K. , Kiani Bushra Hafeez , Amro Ahmed A.
Published: July 2023

Exotic plants are usually problematic for the native species where they coexist. This study evaluated the effect of naturalised alien Cenchrus echinatus L. on native plants in the urban vegetation. A field trial was conducted to assess the effect of this species on cover and diversity of the native vegetation. The allelopathic potential of such species was examined. Plots comprising C. echinatus had lower cover of some native species. Lower floristic diversity was observed at more dense cover of this plant. The soil under Cenchrus attained lower N, P and K contents. This soil had no effect on germination and growth of the native species. It also comprised germinable seeds of some species which were absent from the standing vegetation. Exotic C. echinatus may exert a negative effect on the native vegetation of the urban plant communities. Dense cover of Cenchrus may inhibit germination of native species, leading to reduction in their cover. The reduction in cover and diversity of native species was not attributed to allelopathy. These results suggest that naturalised C. echinatus may be more competitor than the native ones, particularly at higher densities. Furthermore, it may represent a threat for the native plants in the urban vegetation.
Study of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Influences in the Reading Task in Arabic
Authors: Rami Younes , Laanaya Hicham , Hassan Bdouh , Badaoui Bouabid
Published: July 2023

The visual span refers to the number of letters readers can identify in a single fixation without using linguistic skills. Proponents of the visual span hypothesis postulate an influence of early visual processing on reading speed. Given the slowness of reading Arabic texts, the present work aims to study the development of the visual span and its effects on reading speed in the Arabic-speaking context. Thirty-four subjects participated in the study. The trigram task and the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm were used to estimate visual span size and reading speed. In line with our initial assumptions, the results showed a significant effect of grade level on reading speed (F(2,31) = 30.93, p<0.001), visual span size (F(2,31) = 20.57, p<0.001). In good alignment with previous work, our results show that visual span size could explain around 40% of the reading speed variability. Interestingly, our analyses revealed a narrowing of visual span size in our Arabic sample. The results of study 2, suggest that the poor performance in the trigram task is due to poor visual attention capacities in our Arabic readers
Development of Rhombus Hanging Basket Walking Track Robot for Cantilever Casting The construction in Bridges
Authors: Ouyang Yuping , Huang Jiarui , Song Kaifang
Published: July 2023

For enhancing the efficiency of cantilever casting the construction in the bridge, a novel rhombus traveling track of hanging basket was developed and optimized. The civil software titled Midas was applied to analyse the mechanical properties of the hanging basket with full load and control load. The strength and distortion of the walking mechanism were within the specified range when the maximum beam unit internal force of 149.69Mpa, which was less than the allowable stress of steel 175Mpa, and the anti-overturning safety factor of the hanging basket was 2.5 to meet the requirements. Through the comparative analysis of the key components and the finite element calculation, it was found that there was about 30% redundancy in the structure performance. Therefore, further optimization of each structure was carried out, and the front elevation of the main truss of 20° was achieved. It obtained the best performance in all aspects.
Obesity in Adolescents: Can It Be Affected by the Use of the Technological Media?
Authors: THEOFILOU PARASKEVI , VLASTOS DIMITRIS D.
Published: July 2023

One of the most important problems, which public health is called to face, is obesity. The World Health Organization (WHO) underlines that worldwide more than 380 million of overweight or obese children and adolescents exist. Although obesity is a multifactorial disease, excessive use of the screen seems to act in a way that affects obesity. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to study of the major problem, obesity in teenagers and its association with the hours of entertainment(referring to excessive hours of television use and viewing, video games and social media).In the present systematic literature review was carried out search for sources, through the scientific databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus for the period from 2010 to 2022.This systematic review provides public health evidence regarding the positive association of excessive screen time and of obesity and overweight in adolescents.
Inequities in Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccination Programs and Their Impact on Incidence/Mortality Rates and the Severity of Disease in Romania
Authors: Simion Laurentiu , Rotaru Vlad , Cirimbei Ciprian , Gales Laurentia , Stefan Daniela-Cristina , Ionescu Sinziana Octavia , Luca Dan , Doran Horia , Chitoran Elena
Published: July 2023

(1) Introduction: Every two hours, a Romanian woman is diagnosed with cervical cancer [1] as the country ranks second in Europe in terms of mortality and incidence rate [2]. This paper aims to identify the main reasons that have led to this situation, focusing on the measures taken by the Romanian Ministry of Health for the prevention of this type of cancer national - programs for cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination. (2) Materials and methods: We performed a study based on available secondary data from the National Statistics Institute, World Health Organization and Bucharest Institute of Oncology in order to assess the burden associated with cervical cancer and placing it in the context of known global and European incidence and mortality rates, thus evaluating the importance of this health issue in Romania. The second component of our study was a cross-sectional study, using a 14 questions questionnaire, applied to the women participating in the National Screening Program for Cervical Cancer, aimed to evaluate the women’s level of knowledge about screening and HPV vaccination and their access cervical cancer specific health-care services. (3) Results: The results of the research shows that a high percentage of women postpone the routine checks due to lack of time and financial resources and indicate that low level of knowledge about the disease and the specific preventive methods determines low participation screening and HPV vaccination programs implemented in Romania contributing to the country’s situation of cervical cancer. (4) Conclusions: The national programs have complicated procedures, are underfunded, and do not motivate enough health care workers. This combined with the lack of information adds up to an extremely low number of women screened and vaccinated. Our conclusion is that the Romanian Ministry of Health must take immediate action by conducting major awareness campaigns, implementing measures to make the programs functional and ensuring coherent funding.
Frequency of Practicing of Different Types of Physical Activity, BMI and Tobacco/Alcohol Consumption Relationship: How They Are Associated with Our Physical and Mental Health in Different Ages, in Men and Women?
Authors: Liutsko Liudmila , Leonov Sergey , Pashenko Alexander , Polikanova Irina
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article was to check the relashionship of different types of physical activities, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption (with control for age, sex and level of education) on health (physical and mental). The study was based on Belgium epidemiological data (10661 participants from 19 to 81 years old for whom we have health indicators over a period of 11 years) together with questionnaires about alcohol, tobacco consumption and the frequency of different types of physical activities. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis of epidemiological data was performed with use of STATA v.14. Our results indicate that the different categories of physical activities (PA) had some differences on health indicators impacts. Our findings confirm that leading a healthy life style (all types of physical activities and weight maintenance) is an important issue since it has a significant relationship with physical and mental health indicators, but outdoor physical activities and practicing leisure sport in group have shown slightly higher magnitude in association on general health. Magnitude of association of PA with physical and mental health indicators was similar to those observed with smoking and alcohol consumption.
Environmental Health and Toxicology: Immunomodulation Promoted by Endocrine Disrupting-Chemical Tributyltin
Authors: Da Silva Ricardo Correia , Teixeira Mariana Pires , Paiva Luciana Souza de , Miranda-Alves Leandro
Published: July 2023

Tributyltin (TBT) is an environmental contaminant present on all continents, including Antarctica, with a potent biocidal action. Its use began to be intensified during the 1970s, being effectively banned in 2003, but remaining in the environment to this day due to several factors that increase its half-life and misuse despite the bans. In addition to the endocrine disrupting effect of TBT, that may lead to imposex induction in some invertebrate species, there are several studies that demonstrated that TBT also has an immunotoxic effect. The immunotoxic effects that have been observed experimentally in vertebrates using in vitro and in vivo models involve different mechanisms, but mainly alterations in the expression and/or secretion of cytokines. In this review, we summarize and update the literature on the impacts of TBT on the immune system, as well as discuss what still needs to be done to fill the knowledge gaps regarding the impact of this endocrine disrupting-chemical on immune system homeostasis.
Construction of Wearable Touch Sensors via Mimicking the Properties of Materials and Structures in Nature
Authors: Geng Baojun , Zeng Henglin , Wu Xiaodong , Luo Hua
Published: July 2023

Wearable touch sensors, which can convert force or pressure signals into quantitative electronic signals, have emerged as an essential smart sensing devices and played an important role in various cutting-edge fields, including wearable health monitoring, soft robots, electronic skin, artificial prosthetics, AR/VR, and the Internet of Things. Flexible touch sensors have made significant advancements, while construction of novel touch sensors via mimicking the unique properties of biological materials and biogenetic structures always remains a hot research topic and significant technological pathway. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the research status of wearable touch sensors constructed by imitating the material and structural characteristics in nature, and also summarizes the scientific challenges and development tendency of this aspect. Firstly, the research status for constructing flexible touch sensors based on biomimetic materials is summarized, including hydrogel materials, self-healing materials, and other bioinspired or biomimetic materials with extraordinary properties. Then, design and fabrication of flexible touch sensors based on bionic structures for performance enhancement are fully discussed. These bionic structures include special structures in plants, special structures insects/animal, and special structures in human body. Moreover, a summary of the current issues and future prospects for developing wearable sensors based on bioinspired materials and structures is discussed.
Influence of Black Alder Bark Extractives as Integral Building Blocks on the Susceptibility to Biodegradation of Resilient Polyether Polyurethanes
Authors: Ponomarenko Jevgenija , Pals Matiss , Lauberts Maris , Arshanitsa Alexandr
Published: July 2023

In response to growing environmental concerns and the need for sustainable resources, researchers worldwide are examining how to develop materials that are environmentally friendly and that can be effectively recycled as they reach the end of their useful life. Particularly interesting are polyurethanes (PUs), a broad class of synthetic polymers utilized in several applications. However, because of the high energy consumption and unwanted chemical side reactions, their chemical recycling is challenging. A possible method for recovering PU is biological recycling, which breaks down complex compounds using microbes and enzymes. The biodegradation susceptibility of novel PUs using tree bark extractives as building blocks is examined in this work. The PUs were synthesized with partial or complete substitution of conventional fossil-based polyol (PEG 400) with hydrophilic extractives from black alder bark. Biodegradation experiments in sewage water and compost-enriched soil were conducted over 60 days. Results indicate increased biodegradation in PUs containing bark-based polyols, showing weight losses of up to 15.7% and 15.6% in sewage water and soil, respectively, compared to 9.6% and 12.4% for fossil-based PU. Analytical pyrolysis and FTIR analysis revealed more significant structural changes in extractives-containing PU materials after biodegradation compared to fossil-based PU, indicating the cleavage of covalent bonds mainly in carbohydrate and aromatic constituents of biopolyol. But the urethane bonds revealed the highest stability towards biodegradation compared to others linkages in both fossil-based and bio-based PU. The study demonstrates the potential of using bark-derived polyols to design PU materials suitable for biological recycling, contributing to more environmentally friendly waste management strategies. Further investigations are needed to optimize the conditions for the biological conversion of PU materials synthesized with bark-based polyols.
Dynamic Instrumental and Sensory Methods Used to Link Aroma Release and Aroma Perception: A Review
Authors: Le Quéré Jean-Luc , Schoumacker Rachel
Published: July 2023

Perception of flavor is a dynamic process during which the concentration of aroma molecules at the olfactory epithelium varies with time as they are released progressively from the food in the mouth during consumption. The release kinetics depends on the food matrix itself, but also on food oral processing, such as mastication behavior and food bolus formation with saliva, for which huge inter-individual variations exist due to physiological differences. Sensory methods, such as time-intensity (TI), or the more recent methods temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) and temporal check-all-that-apply (TCATA), are used to account for the dynamic and time-related aspects of flavor perception. Direct injection mass spectrometry (DIMS) techniques that measure in real-time aroma compounds directly in the nose (nosespace), aimed at obtaining data that reflect the pattern of aroma release in real-time during food consumption, supposed to be representative of perception, have been developed since 25 years. Examples obtained with MS operated in chemical ionization mode at atmospheric or sub-atmospheric pressure (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization APCI or proton transfer reaction PTR) will be given, with emphases on studies conducted with simultaneous dynamic sensory evaluation. Inter-individual variations in terms of aroma release and their relevance for understanding flavor perception will be discussed, as well as evidenced cross-modal interactions.
Super Strong Gravitational Field and New Theory of Gravity
Authors: zhu yin
Published: July 2023

There are gravitational field and baryonic matter (star, planet, gases etc.) in our world; gravitational field is much more fundamental for that the relativistic mass of the gravitational field of a neutron star is almost 1021 times the mass of the neutron star. And, it is astonishing that the relativistic mass density of the gravitational field on the surface of a neutron star can be larger than the mass density of the neutron star. It is well known that, in the weak gravitational field a light line appears a straight line while in the strong field it is a curved line. It is stressed that the result measured in the strong field is more fundamental for that in a galaxy the measurable object is generally with strong field. It results in that the way that the result measured on the Earth with weak field is used as the universal standard need be revised as gravity is studied in the scale of a galaxy. It seems that a new theory of gravity need be developed for the new observations.
Exploring Peracetic Acid and Acidic pH Tolerance of Antibiotic Resistant Non-typhoidal Salmonella and Enterococcus faecium from Diverse Epidemiological and Genetic Backgrounds
Authors: Rebelo Andreia , Duarte Bárbara , R. Freitas Ana , Peixe Luísa , Antunes Patrícia , Novais Carla
Published: July 2023

Acid stress poses a common challenge for bacteria in diverse environments by the presence of inorganic (e.g., mammals’ stomach) or organic acids (e.g., feed additives; acid-based disinfectants). Limited knowledge exists regarding acid-tolerant strains of specific serotypes, clonal lineages, or sources in human/animal pathogens, namely non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) and Enterococcus faecium (Efm). This study evaluated acidic pH and peracetic acid (PAA) susceptibility of Efm (n=72) and NTS (n=60) from diverse epidemiological/genetic backgrounds, and with multiple antibiotic resistance profiles. Efm minimum growth/survival-pH was 4,5-5/3-4 and for NTS 4,0-4,5/3,5-4,0. Among Efm, only those of clade-non-A1 (non-hospital associated) or food chain demonstrated greater tolerance to acidic pH compared to clade-A1 (hospital-associated clones) or clinical isolates (P<0.05). MDR (multidrug-resistant) NTS survived better to acidic pH (P<0.05). The MICPAA/MBCPAA was 70-120/80-150mg/L for Efm and 50-70/60-100mg/L for NTS. Efm-clade-A1 or MDR strains exhibited higher PAA tolerance than clade-non-A1 or non-MDR ones (P<0.05). Higher tolerance was found in non-MDR and clinical NTS than in food chain isolates (P<0.05), but not between different serogroups. This unique study identifies specific NTS or Efm populations more tolerant to acidic pH or PAA, emphasizing the need for further research to tailor control measures of public health and food safety within a One Health framework.
What Initiates Creativity in an Organization? : A Two-Horse Carriage of HRM and PO Fit
Authors: Seong Jee Young , Yang Inju , Zhang Linyuan
Published: July 2023

This study examines the effect of a corporate citizenship-oriented high performance work system (CC-oriented HPWS) and the interactive influence of CC-oriented HPWS and person-organization fit (PO fit) on creativity at the individual level. Our analysis of field data collected from 303 employees in two branch companies with a two-phase collection method provides empirical support for our theoretical model. The results indicate that high performance work system (HPWS) reflecting corporate citizenship (CC) correlates positively with individual creativity. In addition, the moderating effect of PO fit is significant in the relationship between CC-oriented HPWS and creativity at the individual level. On this basis, this paper discusses the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for future research.
Using Machine Learning in Veterinary Medical Education: An Introduction for Veterinary Medicine Educators
Authors: Hooper Sarah E. , Hecker Kent G. , Artemiou Elpida
Published: July 2023

Machine learning (ML) offers potential opportunities to enhance the learning, teaching and assessments within veterinary medical education including but not limited to assisting with admissions processes as well as student progress evaluations. The purpose of this primer is to assist veterinary educators in appraising and potentially adopting these rapid upcoming advances in data science and technology. In the first section, we introduce ML concepts and highlight similarities/differences between ML and classical statistics. In the second section, we provide a step-by-step worked example using simulated veterinary student data to answer a hypothesis driven question. Python syntax with explanations is provided within the text to create a random forest ML prediction model and within each step, specific considerations such as how to manage incomplete student records are highlighted when applying ML algorithms within the veterinary education field. The results from the simulated data demonstrate how decisions by the veterinary educator during ML model creation may impact the most important features contributing to the model. These results highlight the need for the veterinary educator to be fully transparent during the creation of ML models and future research is needed to establish guidelines for handling data not missing at random in medical education, and preferred methods for model evaluation.
Taxonomic identification of Mycobacterium leprae strains isolated in the Russian Federation by assessing the sequence of the gene encoding 16S ribosomal RNA
Authors:   State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Verbenko D.A. , Deryabin D.G. ,   State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Solomka V.S. ,   State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karamova A.E. ,   State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Obraztsova O.A. ,   State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kubanov A.A. ,   State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

We analyzed the sequence of the gene encoding 16S ribosomal RNA in 2 samples containing a mixture of human DNA and Mycobacterium leprae DNA obtained from two patients from the Russian Federation. We found that our sequence matched the sequence of the reference strain deposited at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, USA). The analysis was performed using Sanger sequencing with a mixture of microbial and human DNA isolated from skin biopsy specimens. We assume that the difficulties associated with sequencing of the full-size rrs gene can be addressed by using a speciesspecific sequence of the rrs promoter region to identify M. leprae. Key words: leprosy, Mycobacterium leprae, rrs, 16S rRNA
Validation of Methylene Blue Analysis Method in Wastewater Samples by Uv-Vis Spectrophotometry
Authors: Hulupi Mentik , Keryanti Keryanti , Rahmawati Karina Aulia , Dewi Widya Tresna , Abdilah Fauzi
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Methylene blue (MB) is an extensively utilized cationic dye in the textile industry. MB is, however, a highly noxious substance that can have detrimental effects on both the environment and human health. MB can pollute waterways and cause the mortality of aquatic organisms in the environment. Due to the hazards posed by MB, it is crucial to have an effective method for analyzing its concentration in wastewater. This will ensure that MB-contaminated water is appropriately treated and disposed of, thereby protecting the environment and human health. One of the analyses utilized the Evolution 360 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer to determine methylene blue concentrations. The Evolution 360 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer method was validated by measuring linearity tests, limit detection and quantization, precision, and accuracy. The R-value for linearity measurements is greater than 0.99, indicating that the method is proportionally validated. As required, the precision measurement yields acceptable results, with a %RSD value of less than 2%, and the accuracy measurement yields a recovery of 100% (between 80 and 110%). So that the method for measuring the concentration of methylene blue in water using the UV-Vis Evolution 360 Spectrophotometer satisfies the requirements for linearity, precision, and accuracy.

Keywords:

Analysis, Methylene Blue, Method Validation, Spectrophotometer
Tantangan Pengembangan Ekonomi Hijau di China
Authors: Riady  , Ismira Andi , Pertiwi Dian , Amin Asma Amin
Published: July 2023

Pengembangan ekonomi hijau di China masih sulit untuk diwujudkan sepenuhnya dalam upaya pengaplikasian, kondisi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perekonomian China yang berkaitan erat dengan industrialisasi dan produksi karbon yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Kegiatan produksi, investasi, dan perluasan ekonomi oleh China menciptakan celah besar antara target ekonomi dan ambisi ekonomi hijau yang diupayakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tantangan serta strategi yang diterapkan oleh China dalam pengembangan ekonomi hijaunya dengan berfokus pada tahun 2016-2020. Konsep yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah green economy, dan industrial development. Konsep tersebut kemudian menjadi pengarah dalam analisis tantangan dan strategi yang diterapkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan jenis data primer dan sekunder, data didapatkan melalui penelitian mendalam atas fenomena dan wawancara mandiri terkait fenomena ekonomi hijau di China. Ekonomi China sejak awal 2000-an mengalami perubahan mendasar yang berkaitan dengan investasi dan ekstraksi sumber daya. Tantangan dalam negeri yang terdiri dari masalah industralisasi China, pembangunan infrastruktur, penggunaan bahan bakar yang berlebihan, serta demografi China yang turut andil dalam pola konsumsi masyarakat yang memberikan pengaruh besar pada produksi dan konsumsi masyarakat China. Pada skala internasional terdapat tantangan berupa tuntutan pengurangan emisi karbon, dan ekspansi ekonomi China diberbagai negara atau relokasi industri dibeberapa negara.
Upaya Negara Korea Selatan dalam Menangani Food Waste (Sampah Makanan)
Authors: Wulandari Nadia , Shannaz Mutiara Deniar
Published: July 2023

Abstrak

Sampah makanan dan kehilangan pangan menjadi isu lingkungan yang sering dibicarakan dalam ranah global, seiring meningkatnya makanan yang tidak habis terbuang baik di lingkungan rumah maupun restoran. Isu ini termasuk dalam SDGs poin ke 12 mengenai memastikan pola konsumsi dan produksi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengetahui upaya dan hambatan Korea Selatan dalam menangani permasalahan tersebut. Konsep yang digunakan yaitu manajemen sampah makanan. Metode peneltian ini yaitu kualitatif dengan suti literatur dan internet-based research. Hasil daripada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menerapkan kebijakan volume-based waste fee dan sistem pay as you throw serta adanya kontribusi daripada Korea Zero Waste Movement maka negara Korea Selatan memiliki peningkatan dalam meminimalisir produksi limbah makanan dan terdapat peningkatan dalam hal daur ulang walaupun masih ada sedikit hambatan untuk limbah makanan tersebut.

Kata kunci : Kehilangan pangan,Korea Selatan,sampah makanan,SDGs
Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Masruchiyah Nieke , Laratmase Antonia Junianty
Published: July 2023

The world conference on Women in 1995 adopted the Beijing Platform for Action, in which governments agreed to implement gender mainstreaming. Other UN conference also acknowledge the importance of adapting a gender specific approach to implementing policies: gender equality has been identified as one of MDGs and designed as a crosscutting theme for work of the commission on sustainable organizations, national government, and most civil society groups still fail to integrate gender perspective adequately into their policies and their action. Gender equality is a right. Women are not only more affected by economic crisis and lack of health care, to climate change, violence against women and escalating conflicts, but also possess ideas and leadership to solve them. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by world leaders in 2015. Achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment is integral to each of the 17 goals in economic globalization era. Women must not miss the jobs of the future. This is the central message of a new study on women in science released by UNESCO (11/06/2021). The digital revolution will need to be inclusive. A fundamental transformation is under way in the workforce. The Fourth Industrial Revolution, or Industry 4.0, is disrupting industries and the labor market, as cyber physical systems proliferate and become more sophisticated.  The irony is that the fields most relevant to Industry 4.0 are the very ones where women remain underrepresented in most countries, namely IT, computing, physics, mathematics and engineering. Japan is hoping that the centerpiece of its new growth strategy, Society 5.0, will enable society to adapt to a shrinking, ageing population through widespread use of AI and other digital technologies in industry, agriculture and the services sector.
Guided Peer Review to Improve Students’ Essay Writing Competence: A Classroom Action Research
Authors: Agustina Imas Wahyu
Published: July 2023

Feedback in oral as well as written form from both teachers and peers is commonly practiced in language learning at all levels. However, there are a limited number of researches referring to the effect of peer feedback on essay writing competence. Peer feedback can promote independent learning, yet, it may raise questions on its reliability. This study tries to reveal whether guided peer review gives any significant improvement on young adults' essay writing performance on their achievement test. Eight students of the One Year English Program at LIA Pramuka were involved in several sessions of essay writing activities, followed by peer correcting sessions guided by peer review checklist, and revising sessions. Pre-test and post-test were used to determine the improvement on such aspects of essay writing as organization, content, grammar, and vocabulary. It was found that most participants became more aware of how to write a well-organized and comprehensive essay although few still cannot perform well at the post-test. In contrast, this study revealed that peer checking cannot significantly help the students write well-structured sentences and choose appropriate diction. Since this study involves a small number of students, further research engaging more students and in more varied levels are encouraged.
Building Student Loyalty Through Study Program Commitment
Authors: RIOFITA HENDRA , Yasmin Annisa Dwi Khai , Syarqawi Muammar , Maharani Nabila , Annisa Rahma Dinda
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of study program commitment on student loyalty. This is conducted through a survey. Data are taken from students of the Economics Education Study Program, Teacher Training and Education Faculty of State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim, Riau by using a questionnaire in the form of google form link and analyzed with   SPSS program. The results show that study program commitment has a significant effect on student loyalty. The finding also indicates that the study program commitment and student loyalty can be developed based on social exchange theory.
Drone Detection and Alert System Using Deep Learning
Authors: CT Manimegalai , Muthu Kali
Published: July 2023

Drone Detection is the application of detecting Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones. In recent years, the drone industry has seen a tremendous increase in manufacturing and sales because of its versatility in applications such as delivery and surveillance. This industry grew to $24.72 Billion in 2020 alone, and almost all of these drones are in the hands of common public, which has caused numerous security and prevaricated concerns in recent times. This paper represents a drone detection and alert system that has extensive use of optical vision, and uses third party softwares for alert notifications. Based on the camera images, the system deduces whether there is a drone in the sky or not, and sends out an alert notification.
DFT-Spread WR-OCDM Communication System for the Reductions of OOB and PAPR
Authors: Rahman Md. Moklesur , Ryu Heung-Gyoon
Published: July 2023

Orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) system has been considered as one candidate for the nextgeneration 6G cellular system that will support many new services and applications but will suffer from the sub-THz frequency band. It is anticipated that this will significantly harm the waveform orthogonality of conventional systems and lead to obnoxious intercarrier interference (ICI) and a very high propagation loss on information signals by introducing peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). As a result, PAPR reduction is the most important aspect of 6G wireless communication system than 4G long-term evolution (LTE), 5G new radio (NR) schemes because it will use the Sub-THz frequency band which has a very high tendency toward propagation loss component. Therefore, spread spectrum technology termed as orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) takes into account for the orthogonality of cyclically shifted quadratic chirp signals in order to increase spectral efficiency and reducing PAPR. The OCDM system, however, emits considerable out-of-band (OOB) power. To solve this problem, we suggest a new discrete Fourier transform (DFT)Spread Windowing and Restructuring (WR)-OCDM (DFT-Spread WR-OCDM) method for a suitably acceptable PAPR and OOB power emission reduction. In the system, the OOB power emissions are successfully reduced at the transmitter using time-domain windowing, and relatively shorter in window length is sufficient to satisfy the standard spectral mask. Comparing the proposed scheme to previous OFDM and OCDM systems, simulation findings show that this technique greatly reduces PAPR by about 2 dB and OOB power emission approximately by 64 dB and 70 dB. Additionally, we examine the bit error ratio (BER) performance using AWGN channel. This DFT-Spread WROCDM scheme performs almost similar results as compared to the conventional OFDM, OCDM, and WR-OCDM systems.
Research on the Critical Limit of German Foreign Trade
Authors: Longfei Ren , Wang Zhenli
Published: July 2023

Germany has become a world trade power with its precision manufacturing, and its export trade has remained at the forefront of the world for more than 50 years. However, since 1990, the growth rate of Germany’s foreign trade has slowed down significantly, and global trade has also entered a new stage of development. This study focuses on the bottleneck problem of German foreign trade growth. Using ridge regression analysis and nonlinear fitting methods, a model of eleven economic factors and German export growth is constructed to explain that Germany’s foreign trade development from 1950 to 2020, which shows the law of slow start in the early stage, rapid growth in the middle stage, and convergence to the limit in the later stage. The empirical results show that money supply, gross industrial production, and gross fixed capital formation are the most critical factors for the development of Germany’s foreign trade, and exports of machinery and transportation are the structural driving force that supports Germany’s international position in foreign trade. Due to the constraints of objective factors, the development of Germany’s foreign trade will inevitably tend to the limit, which is a belt-shaped area with low-speed growth or slight decline after rapid development.
Quantifying sources of subseasonal prediction skill
Authors: Richter Jadwiga , Glanville Anne , King Teagan , Kumar Sanjiv , Yeager Stephen , Davis Nicholas , Duan Yanan , Edwards Jim , Caron Julie , Dirmeyer Paul , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Oleson Keith
Published: July 2023

Subseasonal prediction fills the gap between weather forecasts and seasonal outlooks. There is evidence that predictability on subseasonal timescales comes from a combination of atmosphere, land, and ocean initial conditions. Predictability from the land is often attributed to slowly varying changes in soil moisture and snow pack, while predictability from the ocean is attributed to sources such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Here we use a unique set of subseasonal reforecast experiments to quantify the respective roles of atmosphere, land, and ocean initial conditions on subseasonal prediction skill over land. The majority of prediction skill for global surface temperature in weeks 3-4 comes from the atmosphere, while ocean initial conditions become important after week 4. In the CESM2 subseasonal prediction system, the land initial state does not contribute to surface temperature prediction skill in weeks 3-6 and climatological land conditions lead to higher skill, challenging our current understanding. However, land-atmosphere coupling is important in week 1. Results are similar over most land regions except South America, where ocean initialization is more important. Subseasonal precipitation prediction skill (weeks 3-6) also comes primarily from the atmosphere initial condition, except for a few regions for which the ocean state becomes important.
Appraising the methodological quality of systematic reviews in biomaterials journals using the AMSTAR tool
Authors: Hu Kaiyan , Yuan Bo , Wang Zhe , Yi Shaowei , Wu Mei , Feng Liyuan , Li Xingzhi , Song Xu , Lin Hai , Liu Fei , Zhang Kai , Ma Bin
Published: July 2023

Background
Evidence-based biomaterials research as represented by systematic reviews (SRs) has gained attentions. However, the methodological quality of such SRs varies which may cause issues for future research. This study aims to assess the methodological quality of SRs published in high-impact biomaterials specialty journals.
Methods
PubMed was used to search SRs published in identified high-impact biomaterials specialty journals (Journal impact factor greater than 4.0, based on 2021 Thomson Institute of Science Information ranking) until 27 July 2022. General review characteristics were extracted. The methodological quality of SRs was analyzed using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool and the maximum score is 11. we conducted a descriptive analysis to summary the data of general review characteristics and AMSTAR scores.
Results
A total of 165 SRs published in 20 different journals were included. 90.3% of the SRs were published after 2014. The methodological quality of included SRs was highly variable with scores ranged from 0 to 9. The overall methodological quality of included SRs was poor, and the mean score was 3.73 (SD = 1.89). In addition, the adherence of SRs to AMSTAR items was poor: 9 out of the 11 items had a compliance rate of less than 50.0%.
Conclusions
Based on the results of this research, it is clear that SRs published in high-impact biomaterials specialty journals tend to have a poor and inconsistent level of scientific quality. Referring to a priori design, guaranteeing a thorough literature search and reasonable inclusion, evaluating the scientific quality of the articles included, and incorporating such evaluation into the discussion of synthesis findings and the formulation of conclusions are all areas that might benefit from further improvements.
Host status of plants associated to coffee shady agroecosystems to Meloidogyne paranaensis
Authors: Lima-Rivera Dinorah , Anell-Mendoza Ma. Betsaida , Rivera-Fernández Andrés , Salinas-Castro Alejandro , Cerdán Carlos , López-Lima Daniel , Villain Luc
Published: July 2023

The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne paranaensis is one of the main problems for coffee production in Latin American countries. In Mexico, this nematode is found damaging shaded coffee plantations, with a wide variety of associated vegetation. The plant species present in these agroecosystems could serve as nematode alternative hosts, helping to maintain and disperse the population of M. paranaensis even when control measures are carried out in coffee trees. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of M. paranaensis to reproduce in 13 plant species commonly associated with shade-grown coffee plantations. The plants were inoculated with eggs and J2 of M. paranaensis, 10 months later the population density, the multiplication rate, and the host susceptibility index were calculated. Meloidogyne paranaiensis reproduced in 11 of the evaluated plants at different levels. Citrus aurantium, Citrus reticulata, Inga jinicuil, Inga vera and Musa AA, were highly susceptible compared to Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. On the other hand, Macadamia integrifolia and Psidium guajaba are considered resistant to moderately resistant with a reproduction rate less than one and a susceptibility index less than 10 with respect to C. arabica and less than 25 with respect to C. canephora. Persea schiedeana and Syzygium jambos did not allow the M. paranaensis reproduction, so they are considered highly resistant. The results of this study provide important information for the M. paranesnsis management in infested shade-grown coffee plantations. It is necessary to evaluate other woody and herbaceous plant species to improve control measures for this nematode.
Free-hand technique of C7 pedicle screw insertion using a simply defined entry point without fluoroscopic guidance for cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients with C3 to C6 instrumented by lateral mass screw: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: jiang jun , song chenyu , wu zhengzheng , xie zuozhi , shi bo , xu tao , wang han , qiu yong , wang bin , zhu zezhang , yu yang
Published: July 2023

Background
Nowadays, both lateral mass screw (LMS) and pedicle screw were effective instrumentation for posterior stabilization of cervical spine. To evaluate the feasibility of a new free-hand technique of C7 pedicle screw insertion without fluoroscopic guidance for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) patients with C3 to C6 instrumented by lateral mass screws.
Methods
A total of 53 CSM patients underwent lateral mass screws instrumentation at C3 to C6 levels and pedicle screw instrumentation at C7 level were included. The preoperative 3-dimenional computed tomography (CT) reconstruction images of cervical spine were used to determine 2 different C7 pedicle screw trajectories. Trajectory A passed through the axis of the C7 pedicle while trajectory B selected the midpoint of the base of C7 superior facet as the entry point. All these 53 patients had the C7 pedicle screw inserted through trajectory B by free-hand without fluoroscopic guidance and the postoperative CT images were obtained to evaluate the accuracy of C7 pedicle screw insertion.
Results
Trajectory B had smaller transverse angle, smaller screw length，and smaller screw width but both similar sagittal angleand similar pedicle height when compared with trajectory A. A total of 106 pedicle screw were inserted at C7 through trajectory B and only 8 screws were displaced with the accuracy of screw placement as high as 92.5%.
Conclusions
In CSM patients with C3 to C6 instrumented by LMS, using trajectory B for C7 pedicle screw insertion is easy to both identify the entry point and facilitate the rod insertion.
Between coast and inland – pottery use in the Ertebølle Culture and its impact on settlement patterns, resource exploitation and social complexity
Authors: Meyer Ann-Katrin
Published: July 2023

The Erteboelle culture (ca. 5100 − 4000/3900 cal BC) belongs to the final Mesolithic of Northern Germany and Southern Scandinavia and is understood as a primarily coastal phenomenon. Furthermore, due to its aquatic subsistence preferences, a (seasonal) settlement permanence and other traits such as hierarchies, food storage and pottery use it is classified as a complex hunter-gatherer society. Before this background, the (recently completed) PhD project “Early pottery in the Baltic” focusses on the origins of ceramic technology and its impact on Ertebølle lifestyle and settlement patterns as well as on the neolithisation process. Through the analysis of previously neglected inland find assemblages and an extensive comparison to the coastal materials the project developed a new perspective on settlement cycles and subsistence patterns. A further analysis of the Ertebølle material culture centering around ceramic technology was able to show that ceramics significantly influenced the development of the latter and thus had much more impact on Mesolithic lifestyles than previously recognized. The use of ceramic vessels led to an intensification of existing subsistence and resource preferences which stabilised formerly established patterns and helped anchor the typical material signature and (coastal) settlement focus of the Erteboelle Culture. In this sense, ceramics are involved in forming complex social structures rather than resulting from them and facilitate the gradual establishment of Neolithic modes of subsistence by replacing more “traditional” late Mesolithic structures.
Halocercus lagenorhynchi infection in a stranded striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833) on the Southwest Coastline of India.
Authors: John Sarlin , Morris Sancia , Geethambika Siby Bhasi , Muraleedharan Megha , Thomas Jeniffer Ann , Savitha Gayathry , Joseph Polycarp
Published: July 2023

Necropsy on a striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833) entangled in ghost fishing net and dead while rescuing yielded some helminth parasites, later identified as Halocercus lagenorhynchi. DNA barcoding of the host and parasite and the phylogenetic analysis of the parasite was conducted. This study provides valuable information towards establishing basal data of marine mammal parasite diversity and distribution in the Indian waters. We believe this is the first report of the occurrence of Halocercus lagenorhynchi in marine mammals in India..