bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY ON PERFORMANCE OF FINANCIAL MARKETS IN KENYA
Authors: Aketch Sarah , Mwambia Felix , Baimwera Bernard
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The study sought to establish the effects of blockchain technology on the performance of financial markets in Kenya.

Methodology: The study adopted an explanatory research design. The study target population was drawn from the commercial banks located in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study targeted 84 bank managers in the IT and finance department of the 42 commercial banks in Kenya. Thus the target population of the study was 84 financial market managers selected. The study population was grouped into simple identifiable group called strata and adopted a stratified simple random sampling technique with inclusion of commercial banks. A sample size of a sample size of 50 respondents was arrived at. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The data collected was cleaned and coded, quantified and analyzed quantitatively. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 24 where descriptive and inferential statistics were used to capture the data in order to understand the pattern and nature of relationships. Results were presented using tables.

Findings: The study findings showed that the correlation analysis showed that the adoption of blockchain technology had a positive and significant correlation to government policy R = 0.240. Adoption of blockchain technology had a positive and significant correlation to internet infrastructure by R = 0.293. Adoption of blockchain technology had a positive and significant correlation to transaction cost at R = 0.583. Lastly, adoption of blockchain technology had a positive and significant correlation to risk analysis at R = 0.507.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that there should be policy review on issues relating to risk analysis so as to curb illegal money transfers and enhance performance of financial markets in Kenya. The study recommends for a thorough scrutiny by the government and ensures such issues are keenly analyzed to help bring peace and stability in the world. The aspect of having good internet connectivity is beneficial to the nation in that access to proper information will be available and it enables many users to have wide access to services as well as creation of employment. There is need to conduct a study on stability of blockchain technologies use and their impact to the economic growth. The study incorporated Technology Acceptance Model and Innovation Diffusion Theory to link the study topic to the concepts
PALLIATIVE CARE RECOVERY OUTCOMES: NATURE OF RECOVERY OUTCOMES AMONG CANCER PATIENTS IN NAIROBI AND NYERI COUNTIES, KENYA
Authors: Wang’ombe Joyce , Kathungu Beatrice
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This study sought to find out nature of recovery outcomes among cancer patients attending palliative care in Nairobi and Nyeri County

Methodology: The study adopted a correlation research design. The target population were the cancer patients, attending treatment at the three palliative care units in Nairobi and Nyeri Counties. Systematic random sampling technique was used in the study to obtain a sample of 96 participants. Semi structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient(r).

Findings: Result showed that, majority of the respondents (65.5%) had a low level of recovery outcomes, while 32.1% had a high level of recovery outcomes. results indicate that the lowest score on recovery outcomes was 31, while the highest score was 74. The mean score was 47.0+9.465, which indicates that the recovery outcomes fell in the low range. These findings were not unusual considering that most of the patients were newly diagnosed with cancer and for some respondent’s metastasis had set in.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the two most significant challenges encountered in palliative care were, patient experiencing isolation and lacking finances. Provision of financial support and increasing the number of counselling sessions were suggested as possible strategies for enhancing patient recovery outcomes

Recommendation: This study recommended that the palliative care units staff should encourage participation of family members, friends and significant others in the cancer continuum, so as to provide psychological and social support to patients

 Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy Patients under palliative care could adopt group psychotherapy, including cognitive-behavioural, informational, non-behavioral, social support, and using unusual treatments such as music and art therapy to curb cancer. More cancer related programs enhancing patients AQ should be put in place by the counsellors in order to increase the patients AQ in the palliative care units from moderate level to high level of AQ in order to boost recovery outcomes
Cumulative disadvantage over the life course and depression among older adults: a cross-national perspective
Authors:   University of Piraeus, Greece, VERROPOULOU Georgia , SERAFETINIDOU Eleni ,   University of Piraeus, Greece, TSIMBOS Cleon ,   University of Piraeus, Greece
Published: March 2021

The study considers the effects of accumulation of disadvantage over the life course in three key domains of life, health, socioeconomic status and adverse experiences, on later life depression, focussing on differentials between genders and across European populations. Information on 23816 persons aged 50+ has been used from wave 2 (cross-sectional material) and wave 3 (retrospective) of the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Cumulative health disadvantage seems to have the greatest relative effect for both sexes and across Europe. Males are more affected by poor health and socioeconomic adversity whereas for females, adverse experiences have a stronger effect. In several countries cumulative adverse experiences are more important compared to cumulative socioeconomic disadvantage; the first seems of greater consequence in Poland and Ireland while the latter mainly in Southern Europe. The study shows that accumulation of disadvantage over the life course significantly predicts depression across European countries.
Pedagogia intercultural: discussões teóricas e metodológicas presentes na Itália
Authors: Santiago Flavio
Published: March 2021

O livro Teorie e metodi di pedagogia interculturale, da Mariangela Giusti, voltado principalmente para professores e professoras da educação básica e estudante em formação em nível de graduação, sendo um “manual” de como construir uma educação intercultural e os pontos relevantes ao processo. Por meio da leitura do livro, a autora nos alerta sobre o distanciamento entre a relação da prática e da teoria, por isso, apresenta caminhos metodológicos e didático-educacionais, que oferecem alimento para pensarmos sobre o movimento do conceito de interculturalidade.
"Viver no limite": meninas e meninos afro-colombianos em tempos de guerra: um estudo etnográfico na fronteira entre Colômbia e Equador
Authors: Requene Angela Yesenia Olaya
Published: March 2021

Nos últimos anos, a escalada de violência na Colômbia desencadeada por grupos armados e cartéis do narcotráfico, afetou meninas e meninos afro-colombianos, modificando seus saberes e deslocamentos rotineiros. Neste artigo analiso as representações de meninas e meninos em tempos de guerra, e enfatizo a importância do desenho no trabalho etnográfico para ampliar a compreensão da experiencia traumática do deslocamento forçado, confinamentos espaciais e violências que vive a infância afro-colombiana na fronteira entre a Colômbia e o Equador. Argumento que conhecer as representações que meninas e meninos elaboram de seus espaços, cotidianos e trajetórias, permitiria entender a complexidade de seus testemunhos em torno da guerra e, portanto, os sentidos subjacentes a seus projetos de vida no presente-futuro.
Multilayer Backpropagation Neural Networks for Implementation of Logic Gates
Authors: Giri Santosh , Joshi Basanta
Published: March 2021

ANN is a computational model that is composed of several processing elements (neurons) that tries to solve a specific problem. Like the human brain, it provides the ability to learn from experiences without being explicitly programmed. This article is based on the implementation of artificial neural networks for logic gates. At first, the 3 layers Artificial Neural Network is designed with 2 input neurons, 2 hidden neurons & 1 output neuron. after that model is trained by using a backpropagation algorithm until the model satisfies the predefined error criteria (e) which set 0.01 in this experiment. The learning rate (α) used for this experiment was 0.01. The NN model produces correct output at iteration (p)= 20000 for AND, NAND & NOR gate. For OR & XOR the correct output is predicted at iteration (p)=15000 & 80000 respectively.
3D Metallic Plate Lens Antenna based Beamspace Channel Estimation Technique for 5G Mmwave Massive MIMO Systems
Authors: Paul Prosenjit , Mowla Md Munjure
Published: March 2021

Beamspace channel estimation mechanism for massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna system presents a major process to compensate the 5G spectrum challenges caused by the proliferation of information from mobile devices. However, this estimation is required to ensure the perfect channel state information (CSI) for lower amount of Radio Frequency (RF) chains for each beam. In addition, phase shifter (PS) components used in this estimation need high power to select the beam in the desired direction. To overcome these limitations, in this work, we propose Regular Scanning Support Detection (RSSD) based channel estimation mechanism. Moreover, we utilise a 3D lens antenna array having metallic plate and a switch in our model which compensates the limitation of phase shifters. Simulation results show that the proposed RSSD based channel estimation surpasses traditional technique and SD based channel estimation even in lower SNR area which is highly desirable in the millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems.
Inclusión de compost de cama profunda porcina en alimentación de vaquillas mestizas de doble propósito
Authors:   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria,Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico El Limón, km 2.7víaCalceta-El Morro-El Limón, sector el Gramal., Larrea Izurieta Carlos Octavio , Macias Andrade Jorge Ignacio ,   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria,Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico El Limón, km 2.7víaCalceta-El Morro-El Limón, sector el Gramal., Alcívar Cedeño Carlos Jesús ,   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria,Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico El Limón, km 2.7víaCalceta-El Morro-El Limón, sector el Gramal., Marcillo Cevallos Luis Stiven ,   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria,Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico El Limón, km 2.7víaCalceta-El Morro-El Limón, sector el Gramal.
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la inclusión de compost de cama profunda (CP) de cascarilla de arroz y porquinaza en la alimentación de vaquillas cruzadas de doble propósito. Para ello se utilizaron 18 vaquillas alimentadas con CP procesada en 12 meses obtenidos de la Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Vinculación Hato Porcino de la Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí “Manuel Félix López”. Se aplicó un DCA con arreglo bifactorial [primer factor: edad (menor a 25 meses de edad y mayor a 25 meses de edad y preñadas de diferente tiempo de gestación); segundo factor: niveles de compost de cama profunda (0%, 10% y 20%)], se consideró como covariable al peso inicial. La composición nutricional del compost de cama fue determinada mediante un análisis proximal con 5,71% de proteína cruda. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (P>0,05) en cada uno de los factores y en la interacción de estos, el grupo de animales menores a 25 meses de edad tuvo un mejor peso al final promedio de la investigación con 308,48 Kg (±2,24), a la vez que los animales que fueron alimentados con una dieta que incluyó 20% de CP tuvieron un peso medio de 310,18 Kg (±2,10) al final del experimento. Se concluye que el contenido nutricional encontrado en el compost de cama profunda no desfavoreció la ganancia de peso y conversión alimenticia, por lo que las dietas suministradas 20% de porquinaza podrán ser utilizadas para mejorar el rendimiento productivo en vaquillas mestizas.
Inducción de resistencia a Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet y su relación con el rendimiento de plantas de banano (Musa AAA) CV. Williams
Authors:   Instituto de Posgrado de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Av. José María Urbina, Portoviejo, Manabí,Ecuador, Terrero Yepez Pedro Isaías , Peñaherrera Villafuerte Sofia Lorena ,   Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Departamento de Protección Vegetal km 5 vía Quevedo-El Empalme, Cantón Mocache, Los Ríos, Ecuador, Bustamante Gonzales Antonio Javier ,   Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Programa Nacional de Banano, Plátano y otras Musáceas, km 5 vía Quevedo-El Empalme, Cantón Mocache, Los Ríos, Ecuador, Cedeño García Galo Alexander ,   Carrera de Ingeniería Agrícola, Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Campus Politécnico El Limón, sector El Gramal, Calceta, Manabí, Ecuador, Solórzano Alcívar Ronel Fernando ,   Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería - MAG, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador, Cedeño García George Alexander ,   Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, km 13 ½ vía Portoviejo - Santa Ana, Santa Ana, Manabí, Ecuador
Published: March 2021

El banano es ampliamente sembrado en el Ecuador, siendo el producto agrícola más exportado, sin embargo, la producción de la fruta se ve reducida por enfermedades fitosanitarias como la sigatoka negra. Su modo de control principalmente incluye fungicidas de síntesis química que contribuyen a la contaminación del medio ambiente. Por esta razón, se realiza el presente experimento en la zona central del litoral ecuatoriano, cuyo objetivo fue evaluar a nivel de campo, el efecto de sustancias inductoras de resistencia frente a la evolución de la enfermedad de la Sigatoka negra en las épocas seca y lluviosa. El experimento se planteó bajo un diseño de bloques aleatorizado, de 5 tratamientos y 4 bloques. Los tratamientos estudiados fueron T1: ácido jasmónico, T2: ácido salicílico, T3: extracto de carophilaceas, más dos testigos, químico (T4) y absoluto (T5). Se midió el índice de infección, área foliar y hojas funcionales, tanto a la floración como a la cosecha. Adicionalmente se evaluó también el peso neto del racimo. Ácido jasmónico y salicílico, mostraron efecto sobre el índice de infección, en las dos épocas de producción estudiadas. En cuanto al peso neto del racimo, ácido salicílico, registró el mejor promedio, en comparación con los otros tratamientos. Finalmente, con este experimento se demostró que estos inductores de resistencia pueden ser implementados en programas de manejo de la enfermedad, así como también para aumentar el rendimiento del cultivo, reduciendo de esta manera el uso de productos químicos cuyo uso indiscriminado crea resistencia y contaminación ambiental.
Inoculación de Lactobacillus plantarum para la fermentación y conservación del ensilaje de maíz
Authors:   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria. Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí, Calceta, Manabí-Ecuador, Antonio Hurtado Ernesto , Arteaga Chávez Fátima Graciela ,   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria. Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí, Calceta, Manabí-Ecuador, Zambrano Zambrano Boris Andrés ,   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria. Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí, Calceta, Manabí-Ecuador, Vera Mendoza Arturo José ,   Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria. Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí, Calceta, Manabí-Ecuador
Published: March 2021

Con el fin de evaluar el efecto de la inoculación de L. plantarum en la fermentación, conservación y calidad del ensilaje de maíz (Zea mays), se realizó el ensilaje de 32 bolsas con forraje a diferentes dosis de inoculado de L. plantarum (0, 5, 10, 15 ml) y tiempo de muestreo (15, 30, 45 días), en un diseño completamente al azar. Se estudió el pH, temperatura y unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC). Además de las características bromatológicas. El tiempo de muestreo resultó ser significativo (p<0,01) para el pH, siendo a los 30 días el de menor valor promedio (3,65). Se observó una temperatura mayor (27oC) a los 15 días de muestreo (p<0,01). La aplicación de L. plantarum en los componentes bromatológicos no incidió estadísticamente a excepción de la materia seca donde T3 a los 15 días presentó mayor promedio (23,65%). Además, los promedios máximos fueron para proteína cruda (10,71%) en T2 a los 30 días; estrato etéreo (2,36%) en T1 a los 45 días; fibra cruda (37,30%) en T3 a los 45 días; ceniza (9,28%) en T2 a los 30 días y energía digestible (2,41 Mcal/Kg) en T2 a los 15 días. Se concluye que la inoculación microbiana permite acelerar el proceso de conservación del forraje.
Variabilidad espacio temporal de la comunidad bentónica de la Laguna de Piuray – Cusco
Authors: Cruz-Fernández Baca Katherine M. , Cruz-Miranda Luciano J.
Published: March 2021

Los organismos bentónicos en los ecosistemas acuáticos participan en la transferencia de energía dentro de la cadena trófica, actúan como bioindicadores y permiten  evaluar el grado de perturbación en diferentes épocas y espacios de la cubeta de la laguna, se determinó la composición, abundancia y diversidad de la comunidad bentónica de la laguna de Piuray, con la finalidad de evaluar su variabilidad espacio-temporal, muestreando con una draga Eckman con área de cobertura de 0.04 m2 y volumen de 0.0033 m3, a profundidades de 1, 1.5 y 2 metros, en tres zonas de la laguna; se registró 7508 individuos, distribuidos en 9 familias y 5 órdenes (Gasterópoda, Veneroida, Oligochaeta, Díptera e Hirudinea). El 44.40 % de familias corresponden al Orden Gasterópoda, 22.22 % al Orden Díptera y 11.11% a cada orden Veneroida, Oligochaeta e Hirudinea. La mayor densidad se registra cerca a la orilla, descendiendo con la profundidad; con la familia Planorbidae con 58215 individuos/m3 y la menor densidad se registró con la familia Ceratopogonidae con 135 individuos/m3, mientras que las familias con mayor abundancia fueron Planorbidae y Tubificidae. La diversidad alfa mediante el Índice de Shannon es de 0 – 1.45 y de Simpson de 0 – 0.7 mostrando una baja diversidad; la diversidad beta mediante el Índice de Jaccard registra similaridad entre 15 y 100%; mientras que el Índice de Morisita registra homogeneidad entre 8 y 100%, indicando que existe variación en el espacio y tiempo de la comunidad bentónica de la laguna de Piuray en los meses evaluados.
DETERMINAN STRES, ANSIETAS, DAN DEPRESI PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER DI RSUD DR SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG
Authors: Tama Tika Dwi , Imanuna Mazidah , Wadhani Hartati Eko
Published: March 2021

Stress, anxiety, and depression are known to worsen the quality of life of patiens with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the detection of mental health conditions has not been carried out in an integrated way in the management of CHD patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the determinants of stress, anxiety, and depression in CHD patients at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar. This cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2019 to January 2020 in the cardiac polyclinic of RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang. CHD patients who underwent outpatient care at the cardiac clinic in 2019 were the population in this study. A total of 90 CHD patients were selected purposively to be the study sample. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression among CHD patients. The study found that as many as 17.8% of CHD patients experienced mild to very severe stress, 47.8% experienced mild to very severe anxiety, and 66.7% experienced mild to very severe depression. Sex, age, heart failure status, emotional support, instrumental support, and information support were not predictors of stress, anxiety, or depression (p-value> 0.05). Monitoring mental health conditions and providing psychoeducation should be done during the outpatient care. It is expected to ensure the mental health of CHD patients in good condition.
PENGARUH ANTARA FAKTOR DETERMINAN TERHADAP TINGKAT DEPRESI MAHASISWA DIMASA PANDEMI (UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA SURABAYA)
Authors: Prayogi Ahmad Rido'i Yuda
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus diesease 2019 (COVID-19) is a dangerous diesease, which spreads very easily and quickly until at this time it became a pandemic. The Work From Home (WFH) is one way to stop the spread of COVID-19 properly. The impact of WFH on a person can cause depression. This study aimed to determine the determinants of the level of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in Airlangga University students, Surabaya. The type of observational was a cross-sectional approach. The population in the study was active students at Airlangga University, class 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019. That the minimum research sample was 384. This study showed that the prevalence of student depression level is 48.4% with a value p-value = 0.03. There was a significant influence between age, gender, and college year on the level of depression of Universitas Airlangga students.
Kamu Taşınmazlarının Hukuksal Açıdan İncelenerek Sürdürülebilir Yönetim Kapsamında Verilerinin Hazırlanması: Mersin Üniversitesi
Authors: BÜNYAN ÜNEL Fatma , KUŞAK Lütfiye , YAKAR Murat
Published: March 2021

Kamu taşınmazları, kamu hizmetlerinde kullanılması için ayrılan ve tapu kütüğünde tüzel kişilik adlarına tespit olunan kamu mallarıdır. Kamu mallarını içine alan Devlet malları ve yeryüzü üzerindeki bütün arazilerin sürdürülebilir yönetimi için ekolojik düzeni koruyarak gelecek nesillere aktarılması gerekmektedir. Yönetimin şeffaf, hesap verilebilir, tasarruflu ve katılımcı olabilmesi, optimum düzeyde doğru kararlar alınabilmesi ile mümkündür. Taşınmazların ekonomik karşılıkları olan piyasa değerleri, gerçeğe uygun olarak doğru ve güncel bir şekilde elde edilebilmelidir.Yükseköğretim Kurulu (YÖK) Başkanlığı bünyesindeki üniversiteler kamu tüzel kişiliğine sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite tüzel kişiliklerinin hukuksal olarak yerini ve taşınmazlarının sınıfını tespit edip taşınmazların sürdürülebilir yönetilmesi için değerleme altyapısını oluşturmaktır. Üniversite taşınmazları kamu malları sınıfına girmektedir. Bu malların envanterinin çıkartılması ve muhasebeleştirilmesi için objektif bir şekilde değerlerinin hesaplanması gerekmektedir. Örneklem olarak Mersin Üniversitesine (MEÜ) ait taşınmazlar ele alınmıştır. MEÜ taşınmazlarının karakteristik özelliklerini gösteren ve değeri etkileyen kriterler tespit edilmiştir. Kriter verilerinin temin edilmesi, düzenlenmesi ve standartlaşması konuları ele alınmıştır. Bu verilerin değerleme analizlerinde kullanımı için izlenecek yol belirlenmiştir.
Spatial distributions of XCO2 seasonal cycle amplitude and phase over northern high latitude regions
Authors: Jacobs Nicole , Simpson William R. , Graham Kelly A. , Holmes Christopher , Hase Frank , Blumenstock Thomas , Tu Qiansi , Frey Matthias , Dubey Manvendra K. , Parker Harrison A. , Wunch Debra , Kivi Rigel , Heikkinen Pauli , Nothold Justus , Petri Christof , Warneke Thorsten
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Satellite-based observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) provide measurements in remote regions, such as the biologically sensitive but under sampled northern high latitudes, and are progressing toward true global data coverage. Recent improvements in satellite retrievals of total column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2) from the NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) have allowed for unprecedented data coverage of northern high latitude regions, while maintaining acceptable accuracy and consistency relative to ground-based observations, and finally providing sufficient data in spring and autumn for analysis of the satellite-observed XCO2 seasonal cycles across a majority of terrestrial northern high latitude regions. Here, we present an analysis of XCO2 seasonal cycles calculated from OCO-2 data for temperate, boreal, and tundra regions, subdivided into 5° latitude by 20° longitude zones. We quantify the seasonal cycle amplitudes (SCA) and the annual half drawdown day (HDD). OCO-2 SCA is in good agreement with ground-based observations at five high latitude sites and OCO-2 SCA show very close agreement with SCA calculated for model estimates of XCO2 from the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Services (CAMS) global inversion-optimized greenhouse gas flux model v19r1. Model estimates of XCO2 from the GEOS-Chem CO2 simulation version 12.7.2 with underlying biospheric fluxes from CarbonTracker2019 yield SCA of larger magnitude and spread over a larger range than those from CAMS and OCO-2; however, GEOS-Chem SCA still exhibit a very similar spatial distribution across northern high latitude regions to that from CAMS and OCO-2. Zones in the Asian Boreal Forest were found to have exceptionally large SCA and early HDD, and both OCO-2 data and model estimates yield a distinct longitudinal gradient of increasing SCA from west to east across the Eurasian continent. Longitudinal gradients in both SCA and HDD are at least as pronounced as meridional gradients (with respect to latitude), suggesting an essential role for global atmospheric transport patterns in defining XCO2 seasonality. GEOS-Chem surface contact tracers show that the largest XCO2 SCA occurs in areas with the greatest contact with land surfaces, integrated over 15–30 days. The correlation of XCO2 SCA with these land contact tracers are stronger than the correlation of XCO2 SCA with the SCA of CO2 fluxes within each 5° latitude by 20° longitude zone. This indicates that accumulation of terrestrial CO2 flux during atmospheric transport is a major driver of regional variations in XCO2 SCA.
Coupled and decoupled stratocumulus-topped boundary layers:
turbulence properties
Authors: Nowak Jakub L. , Siebert Holger , Szodry Kai-Erik , Malinowski Szymon P.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. We compare turbulence properties in two cases of marine stratocumulus-topped boundary layer, coupled (CP) and decoupled (DCP), using high resolution in situ measurements performed by the helicopter-borne platform ACTOS in the region of Eastern North Atlantic. Thermodynamically well-mixed CP was characterized by large latent heat flux at the surface and in cloud top region, and substantially smaller sensible heat flux. Turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) was efficiently generated by buoyancy in the cloud and at the surface, and dissipated with comparable rate across the entire depth. Structure functions and power spectra of velocity fluctuations in inertial range were reasonably consistent with the predictions of Kolmogorov theory. The turbulence was close to isotropic. In the DCP, decoupling was most obvious in humidity profiles. Heat fluxes and buoyant TKE production at the surface were similar to the CP. Around the transition level, latent heat flux decreased to zero and TKE was consumed by weak stability. In the cloud top region heat fluxes almost vanished and buoyancy production was significantly smaller than for the CP. TKE dissipation rate inside the DCP differed between its sublayers. Structure functions and power spectra in inertial range deviated from Kolmogorov scaling. This was more pronounced in the cloud and subcloud layer in comparison to the surface mixed layer. The turbulence was more anisotropic than in the CP, with horizontal fluctuations dominating. The degree of anisotropy was largest in the cloud and subcloud layer of the DCP. Integral lengthscales, of the order of 100 m in both cases, indicate turbulent eddies smaller than the depth of the CP or of the sublayers of the DCP. We hypothesize that turbulence produced in the cloud or close to the surface is redistributed across the entire CP but rather only inside the relevant sublayers in the DCP. Scattered cumulus convection may play a role in transport between those sublayers.
The enigma of relict large sorted stone stripes in the tropical Ethiopian Highlands
Authors: Groos Alexander R. , Niederhauser Janik , Wraase Luise , Hänsel Falk , Nauss Thomas , Akçar Naki , Veit Heinz
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Large forms of sorted patterned ground belong to the most prominent geomorphic features of periglacial and permafrost environments of the mid-latitudes and polar regions, but they were hitherto unknown in the tropics. Here, we report on relict large sorted stone stripes (up to 1000 m long, 15 m wide, and 2 m deep) on the ca. 4000 m high central Sanetti Plateau of the tropical Bale Mountains in the southern Ethiopian Highlands. These geomorphic features are enigmatic since forms of patterned ground exceeding several metres are commonly associated with distinct seasonal ground temperatures, oscillating around 0 ∘C. To systematically investigate present frost phenomena and relict periglacial landforms in the Bale Mountains, we conducted extensive geomorphological mapping. The sorted stone stripes were studied in more detail by applying aerial photogrammetry, ground-penetrating radar measurements, and 36Cl surface exposure dating. In addition, we installed ground temperature data loggers between 3877 and 4377 m to analyse present frost occurrence and seasonal ground temperature variations. Superficial nocturnal ground frost was measured at 35–90 d per year, but the ground beneath the upper few centimetres remains unfrozen the entire year. Seasonal frost occurrence would require a mean annual ground temperature depression of about 11 ∘C, corresponding to an air temperature decrease of about 6–8 ∘C (relative to today) as inferred from a simple statistical ground temperature model experiment. Our results suggest the formation of the large sorted stone stripes under past periglacial conditions related to lateral and vertical frost sorting in the course of cyclic freezing and thawing of the ground. It is likely that the stone stripes formed either in proximity to a former ice cap on the Sanetti Plateau over the last glacial period due to seasonal frost heave and sorting or they developed over multiple cold phases during the Pleistocene. Although certain aspects of the genesis of the large sorted stone stripes remain unresolved, the presence of these geomorphic features provides independent evidence besides glacial landforms for unprecedented palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental changes in the tropical Bale Mountains during the (Late) Pleistocene.
First occurrence of brachyopid temnospondyls in Southeast Asia and review of the Mesozoic amphibians from Thailand
Authors: Nonsrirach Thanit , Manitkoon Sita , Lauprasert Komsorn
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The non-marine Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of Thailand, which consist of the Indochina block and the Sibumasu block, have yielded several terrestrial and aquatic vertebrate fossils, but only few amphibian remains have been reported. Here, we present an overview on the Thai amphibian palaeo-diversity based on the literature, re-examination of published material, new findings, and unpublished material. Thai amphibian fossil remains are assigned to Stereospondyli (Cyclotosauridae, Plagiosauridae, and Brachyopoidea) and Anura and were discovered from four formations, ranging from the Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous of Thailand. The occurrence of Brachyopidae in Thailand, which are related to Chinese forms, supports the previous hypothesis of physical connections between the Indochina blocks and the Sibumasu block during the Mesozoic era.
Breaking the Silos: an online serious game for multi-risk DRR
management
Authors: de Ruiter Marleen C. , Couasnon Anaïs A. , Ward Philip J.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The increased complexity of disaster risk due to climate change, expected population growth and the increasing interconnectedness of disaster impacts across communities and economic sectors, require Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) measures that are better able to address these growing complexities. Especially Disaster Risk Management (DRM) practitioners need to be able to oversee these complexities. Nonetheless, in the traditional risk paradigm, there is a strong focus on single hazards and the risk faced by individual communities and economic sectors. Breaking the Silos is a serious game designed to support various stakeholders (including policy makers, risk managers, researchers) in understanding and managing the complexities of DRR measures in a multi-(hazard) risk setting, thereby moving away from hazard-silo thinking. What sets Breaking the Silos apart from other disaster risk games, is its explicit focus on multi-risk challenges. The game includes different hazard types, intensities, and their interactions, different impact indicators, and (a)synergies between DRR measures. Moreover, the spread of expert knowledge between different participants and the high levels of freedom and randomness in the game design contribute to a realistic game. The game was successfully launched during the World Bank GFDRR’s Understanding Risk 2020 Forum and later played again with the same settings with researchers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. Before and after playing the games, participants were asked to complete surveys asking them about their perception of the challenges of DRM and whether the game raised their awareness of these challenges. The preliminary findings indicate that Breaking the Silos was found useful by the participants in increasing awareness of the complexities of risk.
Evaluation of the dual-polarization weather radar quantitative precipitation estimation using long-term datasets
Authors: Voormansik Tanel , Cremonini Roberto , Post Piia , Moisseev Dmitri
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Accurate, timely, and reliable precipitation observations are
mandatory for hydrological forecast and early warning systems. In the case
of convective precipitation, traditional rain gauge networks often miss
precipitation maxima, due to density limitations and the high spatial
variability of the rainfall field. Despite several limitations like attenuation
or partial beam blocking, the use of C-band weather radar has become
operational in most European weather services. Traditionally, weather-radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) is derived from
horizontal reflectivity data. Nevertheless, dual-polarization weather radar
can overcome several shortcomings of the conventional horizontal-reflectivity-based estimation. As weather radar archives are growing, they
are becoming increasingly important for climatological purposes in addition
to operational use. For the first time, the present study analyses one of
the longest datasets from fully operational polarimetric C-band weather
radars; these are located in Estonia and Italy, in very different climate
conditions and environments. The length of the datasets used in the study is
5 years for both Estonia and Italy. The study focuses on long-term
observations of summertime precipitation and their quantitative estimations
by polarimetric observations. From such derived QPEs, accumulations for 1 h, 24 h, and 1-month durations are calculated and compared with
reference rain gauges to quantify uncertainties and evaluate performances.
Overall, the radar products showed similar results in Estonia and Italy when
compared to each other. The product where radar reflectivity and specific
differential phase were combined based on a threshold exhibited the best
agreement with gauge values in all accumulation periods. In both countries
reflectivity-based rainfall QPE underestimated and specific differential-phase-based product overestimated gauge measurements.
HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE OF THE MAIN RESULTS OF RICE BREEDING
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute оf Rice Growing named after I. Zhakhaev, Podolskikh A.N. , Natishayev E.T. ,   Kazakh Research Institute оf Rice Growing named after I. Zhakhaev
Published: March 2021

В статье представлен ретроспективный анализ сортообразцов риса главных исторических этапов селекции и периодов сортосмен.Анализировалось 808 образцов мирового генофонда риса, ранжированных в пять групп по историческим периодам сортосмен. Группа А – стародавние и местные сорта – популяции; Б – сорта линейной аналитической селекции; В – синтетические сорта "зеленой революции" 1960 – 70-х годов; Г – образцы 80 – 90-х годов; Д – современные сорта и генетические линии 2000-х годов. Ретроспективный анализ основных итогов селекции риса, за последние 100 лет, не выявил существенных изменений продолжительности вегетационного периода, высоты растений, крупности семян. Значительно увеличилась продуктивность растений за счет кардинального повышения емкости запасающих органов и усиления их аттрактивной мощности. Важнейшими достижениями следует признать увеличение массы зерна без изменения продолжительности вегетационного периода и преодоление неблагоприятной корреляции между общим числом колосков на метелке и массой 1000 семян. Дальнейшим направлением селекционной работы с рисом должно стать увеличение длины соцветия и крупности семян с сохранением достигнутой плотности метелок в 10 – 12 зерен/см. Для успешной реализации подобных селекционных программ, преодоления стабилизации потенциальной продуктивности будет необходима интрогрессия наследственного материала эколого-географически, генотипически, возможно, филогенетически отдаленных форм на основе сложно-ступенчатой гибридизации.
ESTIMATION OF THE RECLAMATION STATE OF IRRIGATED LANDS AND ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS OF UNFAVORABLE IRRIGATION LANDS OF THE TURKESTAN REGION
Authors:   South Kazakhstan University named after M.Auezov, Sultanbekova P.S. , Esanbekov M.Yu. ,   South Kazakhstan hydrogeological and reclamation expedition, Shayanbekova B.R. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Bulanbayeva P.U. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Balmakhanov A.A. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata
Published: March 2021

Бұл мақалада Түркістан облысы суармалы жерлерінің мелиоративтік жағдайы туралы мәліметтер келтірілген. Бұл мәліметтер Қазақстан Республикасы Ауыл шаруашылығы министрлігінің 2017-2021 жылдарға арналған стратегиялық жоспарына және 255 және 108 «Суармалы жерлердің мелиоративтік жағдайын бағалау және мониторинг жүргізу» кіші бағдарла-масына сәйкес суармалы жерлерінде мелиоративтік мониторинг және бағалау жүргізіліп, кешенді агромелиоративтік, мемлекеттік бақылау жұмыстарын орындау және зерттеу нәтижесінде алын-ған. Атап айтқанда, атқарылған жұмыстардың түрлері, бұл суармалы жерлердің агромелиоратив-тік зерттеу, жер асты суының деңгейі және оның тұздылығына гидрогеологиялық байқаулар және химиялық талдаулар үшін су сынамасын алу, қашыртқымен кеткен сулар ағысына гидрологиялық байқаулар және химиялық талдаулар үшін су сынамасын алу, суармалы су көздерінен химиялық талдаулар үшін су сынамасын алу, суармалы жерлерді инженерлік топырақты-мелиоративтік ізденулер (тұз тексеру), суармалы жерлерде топырақ қабатының тұз тәртібін бақылау. Зерттеу нәтижесінде суармалы жерлердің мелиоративтік жағдайын бағалау үшін қабылдан-ған критерилер негізінде және ирригациялық-шаруашылық жағдайларға сәйкес, суармалы жерлер-дің мелиоративтік жағдайы бағаланды: мелиоративтік жағдайы жақсы – 185,5 мың га, мелиора-тивтік жағдайы қанағаттанарлық - 166,6 мың га, мелиоративтік жағдайы қанағаттанарлықсыз – 222,3 мың га.
FEATURES OF SOLVING PROBLEMS USING COMBINATORICS IN PROBABILITY THEORY
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, ABZHANOV E. A. , SMAKHANOVA A.K. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, ABDYGAPPAROVA A.B. ,   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata
Published: March 2021

Мaқaлaдa кoмбинaтoрикaның нeгізгі eceбі шeкті жиындaрдың элeмeнттeрін oрнaлacтырулaр, aлмacтырулaр жәнe тeрулeр қaрacтырылaды. Бұл eceптeр мәceлeнің қaйтaлaнуынa бaйлaныcты жиынның элeмeнттeрі қaйтaлaнбaй нeмece қaйтaлaнып жaзылу тәcілдeрі қaндaй әдіcпeн іcкe acaтындығын зeрттeйді. Қоғaмдa жүріп жaтқaн өзгeріcтeр, нaрықтық қaтынacтaрғa көшу, шeтeл тәжірибecін eceпкe aлa отырып, жaппaй cтaтиcтикaлық ойлaуды қaлыптacтыру қaжeттілігі мeктeп мaтeмaтикacындa ықтимaлдық-cтaтиcтикaлық дaйындық бeру мәceлecін aлғa қояды. Ғылымның әр түрлі caлacындa бұл тeoрияның қoлдaнбaлы рoлі eрeкшe. Aтaп aйтқaндa, көпмүшeліктeр aлгeбрacындa, группaлaр тeoрияcындa, ықтимaлдықтaр тeoрияcындa, грaфтaр тeoрияcындa, элeктрoникaдa, тұрмыcтық шaруaшылықтa (құлып, ceйф, тeлeфoн т.б.) қoлдaнылaды. Мыcaлы, әр түрлі бec кітaпты eкі оқушығa нeшe түрлі тәcілмeн үлecтіріп бeругe болaды? Футболдaн әлeм біріншілігіндe жaртылaй финaлғa шыққaн төрт комaндa aрacындa aлтын, күміc жәнe қолa мeдaльдaры нeшe түрлі тәcілмeн иeмдeлінeді жәнe т.б. Бұл eceптeрдe зaттaрдық өзaрa орнaлacуының нeмece іc-әрeкeттің бaрлық мүмкін комбинaциялaры қaрacтырылaды. Cондықтaн мұндaй eceптeрді комбинaторикaлық eceптeр дeп aтaйды.
WAYS TO INCREASE THE INTEREST OF STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN RESEARCH WORK
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Republic of Kazakhstan, Shildebayeva L.K. , Abdibekova L.A. ,   Тhe school-lyceum number 7, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: March 2021

The desire of the Republic of Kazakhstan to enter the top 30 developed, advanced countries requires radical changes in all spheres of society in the promotion policy. Therefore, along with the previously established rules, the introduction of new trends and innovations in the field of education is a requirement of the time. In the new century, high demands will be placed on students of the new Kazakhstan. A new specialist of the new world, first of all, should become an innovator, armed with the results of research activities, knowing the inner world of students, contributing to the disclosure of their individual abilities and creative abilities, creating all opportunities for personal development, able to systematically analyze and analyze their innovative activities and know innovative ways to improve the quality of the unified pedagogical process. Ultimately, the research work of students of higher educational institutions, educational, scientific and practical processes are associated with various forms of activity that contribute to the development of creative abilities, as well as with participation in competitions, Olympiads, exhibitions, student seminars and scientific conferences, educational forums, festivals; organization of research practice; implementation of final qualifying works of the research plan; preparation of scientific publications; participation in research projects; it involves carrying out research and design work within the framework of educational, scientific and industrial centers
METHODS OF DEMONSTRATION EXPERIMENT
Authors:   Kyzylorda University named after Korkyt Ata, Kusanova N.
Published: March 2021

In the world of bodies and processes that surround us, there are a so many physical mysteries and amazing phenomena.Even if you step, move, cook, play with a toy, drive a car, go for a ride, swim in water, sing, play dombra, the teacher should never forget that it’s all Physics. The most effective way to communicate this to the pupils, to convince them, is to create physical experiments and observations for them. These experiments are only conductedunder the guidance of a teacher. Since Physics is an experimental science, the foundations of all its laws and phenomena lie in practice. If theoretical discoveries, various judgements that have been made about any physics, are not proven in practice, they will have no sense for scientific and technological progress.Therefore, the teaching of Physics in different schools should be carried out with extensive use of experiments. This article discusses the system of educational experiment, including demonstration experiment, their specificity and significance for the educational process. The requirements for the demonstration experiment were also announced.
WAYS TO IMPROVE THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT THE ENTERPRISE IN A CRISIS
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of the Economy of the Agro-Industrial  Complex and Rural Development, Zhumasheva Saule Tokanovna
Published: March 2021

Қазақстан экономикасының тұрақтылығы көбінесе кәсіпорынның қаржылық қызметіне байланысты. Әлемдік практика тәуекелдерді төмендетудің және олардың алдын алудың барынша мүмкін әдістерін әзірлейді, осыған қарамастан қаржы нарығының түрлі секторларында жұмыс істей отырып, көптеген тәуекелдермен беттесуге және шығындар мен кірістер алып келетін тәуекелдер арасында таңдау жасауға тура келеді. Осы проблемаларға байланысты әрбір кәсіпорында тәуекелдерді басқарумен тікелей айналысатын функционалдық құрылым қалыптастыру қажеттілігі туындады. Аталмыш құрылым қазіргі заманғы талаптарға сәйкес тәуекел-менеджменті деп аталады. Тәуекел-менеджментінің құрылымын жоғарылату мен дамыту – кәсіпорын үшін ішкі бақылауының өте қажетті элементі болып табылады.Кәсіпорында тәуекел-менеджментін дұрыс ұйымдастыру, тәуекел-менеджмент құрылымының қызметін оңтайландыру, оның жұмысының негізгі принциптерін енгізу жөнінде практикалық ұсыныстар жоқтың қасы, сондай-ақ теория мен практика арасындағы алшақтық та сезіледі. Осыған орай, мақалада Кәсіпорында тәуекел-менеджментті басқарудың тео¬риялық ережелерін қорытындылау, осы процестерді талдау және оның тиімділігін бағалау, тәуекел-менеджменті жүйесін жетілдіру жолдары қарастырылады.
Educomunicação e alfabetização midiática: diálogos freireanos na América Latina
Authors: Jackiw Elizandra , Haracemiv Sônia Maria Chaves
Published: March 2021

This article presents the contributions of Paulo Freire’s thinking to Media and Education studies and the construction of the concept of Educommunication. For this purpose, a mapping of scientific productions on the theme in Latin America was carried out, with the aim of raising the main fundamentals and recurrent authors in the publications analyzed and their articulation with Freire’s assumptions in the field of Media-Education. It was a qualitative study, whose methodological path included systematic and integrative reviews of selected articles in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) database from 2011 to 2019. The discussion signals that the educommunicative field and its multidisciplinary performance emerged and was consolidated from Paulo Freire’s assumptions about communication/education interface and was developed through public policies and school practices that aimed at the emancipation of the subject.
Na linha de frente: as estratégias sensíveis na cobertura da pandemia do Covid-19 no telejornal RN1
Authors: Bonsanto André , Souza Raqueline
Published: March 2021

A pandemia do Covid-19 marcou o ano de 2020. À medida que a doença se propagava, os telejornais se desdobravam em sua cobertura para informar a população, utilizando mecanismos que primam pela comoção do seu público. Assim, a pesquisa busca discutir quais estratégias sensíveis foram utilizadas pelo telejornal RNTV 1ª edição (RN1), - exibido pela Inter TV Cabugi, afiliada da Rede Globo no Rio Grande do Norte - durante a cobertura do período pandêmico. Tem como objeto de análise o quadro “Na linha de Frente”, criado exclusivamente para noticiar e dar maior visibilidade ao cenário em questão, se utilizando de uma atmosfera de comoção e afetação dos sentidos sob os quais buscamos problematizar algumas particularidades