bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
China’s Management Practices: An Analysis of HRM and GSCM Practices
Authors: Aggarwal Prachi
Published: November 2023

China has flourished as a collectivistic society since ancient times and hence has adopted various management practices as a routine of life. Having suffered from centuries of anarchy in political, economic and military spheres, which culminated into occupation by foreign forces and transformation of a prosperous economy into a semi colonial and semi feudal society ( ban zhimindi ban fengjian shehui), China chose to establish a command economy and a culture of ‘iron rice bowls’ ( tie fan wan). However with the reforms, the concept of management underwent a radical change as the culture of ‘iron rice bowls’ ( tie fan wan) gave way to ‘golden rice bowls’ ( jin fan wan). The metaphorical rice was now not an imperative, but a choice, if one was ready for the rapid market and ‘reform and opening up’ ( gaige kaifang). The next phase of transition in China’s management practices came with the phenomenal rise of China’s economy, its increasing integration with the globalized world and its arrival on the international scenario as an ‘inside player’ rather than an ‘outside observer’. On the flip side, this also meant that the ‘outside world’ could now have an insight into what China did within its territorial boundaries and many fingers were raised on China’s various management practices especially related to labour and environment issues. Hence, this article focuses on management practices related to these two issues only. This hypothesis of this article is that the concept of management, though western, is not a foreign idea for China. It tries to draw a general framework of the various HRM (human resources management) and GSCM (green supply chain management) practices. The article attempts to draw synchronization between China’s past and the present for its future. Likewise, an analysis shall be made by comparing the difference between state-owned enterprises which are the remnants of a socialistic system infused with ‘Chinese characteristics’ and joint ventures when one of the parties is from a foreign nation to China.
Bimodulus constitutive models and the simulation on bending properties of woven carbon fibre-reinforced composites
Authors: Jiang Lanxin , Wang Jie , Yang Long , Huang Kunlan , Liao Zhen , Xiao Shoune
Published: November 2023

The tensile and compressive properties of woven carbon fibre-reinforced composites (CFRP) are different owing to the buckling and entanglement of fibre bundles. Two bimodulus constitutive models (TBM and PBM) were proposed based on the track stress criterion and principal stress criterion. Combined with the Hashin three-dimensional strength criterion and Alvaro stiffness reduction criterion, a material subroutine was written to calculate the bimodulus constitutive models. Three-point bending tests of [0/90]20 and [±45]20 were designed to obtain the load–displacement curves and failure modes. The precision of the calculation results with the traditional unimodulus model and bimodulus models were compared, and the bending performance of woven CFRP was explored. The results demonstrate that fibre fracture and interlayer damage occur with different stacking sequences. The material properties can be better shown with less error as bimodulus models. The stiffness and strength of the PBM were slightly larger than those of the TBM, and the failure factors were smaller than those of the TBM. The results of the TBM are closer to the test, and the material subroutine is easier to realise. Bimodulus constitutive models have good application prospect in woven composites for higher accuracy.
How NATO Influenced International Governance in Hazardous Waste
Authors: Borowy Iris
Published: November 2023

Increasing production and wealth in industrialized countries led to an increase in waste production, part of which was clearly harmful to human and non-human health. Out of several intergovernmental organizations that addressed related questions, the NATO Commission on Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) was the first to organize a specific project dedicated to the topic. Between 1973 and 1981, delegates from nine NATO countries studies aspects ranging from the organization and recommended procedures of waste management to landfills, transportation, various ways of disposal and chromium recycling. Thereby, the CCMS got to set the agenda for problematic wastes, effectively establishing ‘hazardous waste’ as a recognized category. It also framed the challenge as one of ‘disposal,’ discouraging systemic socio-economic reviews. Overall, this framing drew attention to the potential dangers of some forms of waste to human health and to the environment and the need for special protective measures, while normalizing and potentially diverting attention away from other forms of waste. At the same time, CCMS activities provided an important push towards international guidelines and regulations of hazardous waste management and trade.
Cannabidiol as an Alternative Analgesic for Acute Dental Pain
Authors: Chrepa V. , Villasenor S. , Mauney A. , Kotsakis G. , Macpherson L.
Published: November 2023

Odontogenic pain can be debilitating, and nonopioid analgesic options are limited. This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of cannabidiol (CBD) as an analgesic for patients with emergency acute dental pain. Sixty-one patients with moderate to severe toothache were randomized into 3 groups: CBD10 (CBD 10 mg/kg), CBD20 (CBD 20 mg/kg), and placebo. We administered a single dose of respective oral solution and monitored the subjects for 3 h. The primary outcome measure was the numerical pain differences using a visual analog scale (VAS) from baseline within and among the groups. Secondary outcome measures included ordinal pain intensity differences, the onset of significant pain relief, maximum pain relief, changes in bite force within and among the groups, psychoactive effects, mood changes, and other adverse events. Both CBD groups resulted in significant VAS pain reduction compared to their baseline and the placebo group, with a maximum median VAS pain reduction of 73–77% from baseline pain at the 180-min time point ( P < 0.05). CBD20 experienced a faster onset of significant pain relief than CBD10 (15 versus 30 min after drug administration), and both groups reached maximum pain relief at 180-min. Number needed to treat was 3.1 for CBD10 and 2.4 for CBD20. Intragroup comparisons showed a significant increase in bite forces in both CBD groups ( P < 0.05) but not in the placebo group ( P > 0.05). CBD20 resulted in a significant difference in mean percent bite force change in the 90- and 180-min time points compared to the placebo group ( P < 0.05). Compared to placebo, sedation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain were significantly associated with the CBD groups ( P < 0.05). There were no other significant psychoactive or mood change effects. This randomized trial provides the first clinical evidence that oral CBD can be an effective and safe analgesic for dental pain.
Health-Related Experiences, Needs, and Challenges of Transgender People in Prisons: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tripathy Snehasish , Negi Sapna , Udhaya Elakeya , Beig Mirza Adil , Kumar Dilip
Published: November 2023

Despite transgender people being a vulnerable group, many jurisdictions lack an appropriate prison policy for transgender prisoners. We examined five databases for studies published in English between 2010 and December 2022. After screening, a total of 18 articles were included for review, highlighting four significant issues: (1) incorrect housing classification; (2) barriers to gender-affirming commodities; (3) healthcare services; and (4) gender-based violence and discrimination against transgender inmates by other inmates and prison officials. The study recommends appointing an interdisciplinary transgender committee in prisons and enhancing gender sensitivity among corrections officials to meet the transgender inmates’ needs.
Clinical Override Use With the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory: Predictive Validity and Factors Associated With Case Management Use
Authors: Schmidt Fred , Killen Amy , Haner Dilys , Toombs Elaine
Published: November 2023

Clinical discretion by youth probation officers to override the actuarial risk assessment classification on the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) is an important feature of case management practices. In a sample of 1,259 youth, the impact of clinical override on the predictive validity of the YLS/CMI and factors associated with override use were studied. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, the YLS/CMI demonstrated large effect size predictive validity values for general recidivism. Override occurred with 10.8% of youth and was more likely to be used with younger youth who had a sexual or violent index offense or those at the upper end of the moderate risk level. For youth where override was used, the YLS/CMI predictive validity became non-significant and fell to chance levels. The implications of these findings for field case management use, training, and probation officer decision-making practices are highlighted.
Examining the Effects of Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tanner-Smith Emily E. , Mojekwu Frank , Frankel Lauren
Published: November 2023

We meta-analytically examined program graduation rates among juvenile drug treatment court (JDTC) participants, the effects of JDTCs on recidivism and substance use outcomes, and the variability in these effects. We systematically searched for controlled evaluations examining the effects of U.S.-based JDTCs relative to traditional juvenile adjudication and used mixed-effects meta-regressions with robust variance estimates. We identified 55 eligible samples (providing data from 12,310 participants); the overall certainty of evidence was low or very low. The average graduation rate among JDTC participants was 54.74% (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.50, 0.59]). JDTCs had modest beneficial effects on general recidivism assessed during court supervision (odds ratio [OR] = 1.38, 95% CI [1.03, 1.84]) but these effects did not persist after program completion. Correlational analyses suggest JDTCs may be effective when program enrollment and service provision are better tailored to youth’s treatment needs. However, due partly to implementation failures, JDTCs may have minimal to no effects on postprogram recidivism.
Maxillary Sinus Epidermoid Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Sirine Ayadi , Boutheina Hammami , Youssef Hbaieb , Saadia Makni , Mariem Ben Ayed , Tahiya Boudawara , Kheireddine Ben Mahfoudh , Souha Kallel , Ilhem Charfeddine
Published: November 2023

The preoperative diagnosis of a paranasal epidermoid cysts (EC) is challenging and is frequently mistaken. We present the case of a patient who developed a swelling on the left side of the face. The clinical examination showed a fixed and poorly defined swelling in the left maxillary region, with a slightly painful bulge in the upper vestibular peri-gingival area. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a well-encapsulated expansive hypodensity that filled the left maxillary sinus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass hypo-intense on T1-weighted images, high intense on T2-weighted images, hyperintense on diffusion-weighted images, and had a low apparent diffusion coefficient with no contrast uptake observed after the injection of Gadolinium. Surgical excision under general anesthesia was considered. A combined approach using an endoscopic sinus and Caldwell-Luc approach was performed and the histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of an EC. In conclusion, the preoperative imaging, including CT scans and MRI, aids in diagnosing ECs and differentiating them from other sinus tumors. Postoperative follow-up involving endoscopic surveillance and CT scans is crucial to monitor for potential recurrence.
Corporate Responses to Social Activism: A Review and Research Agenda
Authors: Wu Zhiyan , Liu Siyu
Published: November 2023

We take a process perspective to review the literature on corporate responses to social activism and argue that theoretical advances have not kept pace with the extensive and expanding scope of the literature. We identify three critical assumptions in the literature, which we believe can be traced back to two overarching issues: a mechanistic conceptualization that ascribes limited reflexivity to managers and an overreliance on variance theorizing. In order to tackle these challenges and propel future research, we suggest a research agenda that revolves around an enhanced role for managerial reflexivity in theory development and a stronger emphasis on the process-oriented view of the relationship between activism and response.
Vulnerability of Older Adults in the Context of Food Purchase
Authors: Castelo Branco Thaíssa Velloso , Alfinito Solange
Published: November 2023

Despite the aging population, studies on the subject are scarce, notably focusing on the impotence experienced by older adults when purchasing food products. This research aims to analyze the vulnerability of older people during their food purchases. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted 17 telephone semi-structured interviews with people aged 60 or over, food buyers in person, identified as independent. The content analysis using the software IRAMUTEQ showed problematic packaging and labels; predisposition to repeat previous choices due to the wide variety of foods; excessive portions incompatible with the social changes experienced by older adults; reduction of commensality; physical elements of the supermarket excluding older adults; and the COVID-19 pandemic as an impediment to maximizing well-being due to changes in habits and alternative shopping modalities needs. As a contribution, we propose an empirical vulnerability model that considers the particularities of older people for the food market and other markets.
Children’s geographies I: Decoloniality
Authors: Blazek Matej
Published: November 2023

This review departs from the perception that children’s geographies are theoretically ‘stuck’, by showing how the field’s growing decolonial scholarship pushes its boundaries. Decoloniality involves delinking from Western constructs and developing pluralistic theoretical frameworks firmly grounded in the realities of marginalised childhoods. Organised around the themes of decolonial theory, praxis, and conceptualisations of childhood, the review focuses on embracing historical geographies of non-Western childhoods, developing relational and place-based methodologies, centring on childhoods on the margins of global knowledge production, addressing the interlinked marginalisation of children through colonial violence and adult dominance, and challenging the Anglo-centric modes of academic publishing.
Optimal treatment of tannic acid for the anti-calcification of bovine jugular veins and the underlying mechanism
Authors: Wang Aili , Wang De , Wang Yumiao , Liu Bixuan , Wei Haiyang , Wang Yibo , Zhou Jianye
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of combined treatment with tannic acid and ferric ions on the biomechanical and anti-calcification properties of glutaraldehyde-fixed bovine jugular veins after xenografting.

Methods:

Two-point bending test and uniaxial tensile test were used to evaluate the flexural and biomechanical properties; Subcutaneous implantation in rat and right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction of sheep were used to evaluate the anti-calcification effects; The performance of the graft in sheep models was evaluated every month after the surgery with echocardiography examination. Markers of macrophages, T lymphocytes, smooth muscle cell osteogenic differentiation and matrix metalloproteinases in sheep explants were detected by immunohistochemistry.

Results:

The flexibility of the bovine jugular veins cotreated with ferric ions-tannic acid was improved while maintaining biomechanical properties and excellent anti-calcification effects. Echocardiography results showed that the grafts functioned well in the animals without stenosis or reflux of the valve. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the osteogenic differentiation marker (Runx2) was detected in calcified regions and colocalised with the SMC marker (α-SMA). Compared to the glutaraldehyde-treated samples, T-cell marker (CD3), matrix metalloproteinase-2 and 9 expressions were reduced in the ferric ions-tannic acid treated group.

Conclusion:

Ferric ions-tannic acid treatment can give the conduits better flexibility with excellent biomechanical properties and anti-calcification effects, making it a promising bovine jugular veins processing method.
Nonlinear thermo-elastic stability of corrugated-core toroidal shell segments with carbon nanotube-reinforced face sheets under radial pressure
Authors: Vu Hoai Nam , Do Thi Kieu My , Vu Minh Duc , Ly Le Ngoc , Thi Giang Nguyen , Thi Phuong Nguyen
Published: November 2023

An analytical approach for nonlinear buckling and postbuckling responses of corrugated-core toroidal shell segments with carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced face sheets in thermal environment subjected to radial pressure is reported in this work. Three distribution laws of functionally graded CNT-reinforced layers and the trapezoidal and round forms of the corrugated core are investigated. An equivalent technique for corrugated panels is improved by adding thermal forces to model the behavior of the corrugated core. The nonlinear equations are formulated by using the geometrically nonlinear Donnell shell theory considering Pasternak’s foundation. An algorithm to solve a system of nonlinear equations is established using the Ritz energy method with three shell deflection amplitudes. The postbuckling expressions between the compressive and tensile loads with maximal deflection and the critical compressive and tensile loads are determined. The numerically investigated examples present the significantly beneficial effects of corrugated core and functionally graded CNT-reinforced face sheets on nonlinear buckling responses of structures.
Holistic Approach to Gun Violence
Authors: Francis Mary
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this manuscript is to provide holistic practice strategies for the care of victims of gun violence. Gun violence is a public health crisis with a significant increase following the pandemic. The impact of Covid-19 restrictions placed an increase burden on some communities already overwhelmed with poverty, crime, and deteriorating homes. The overrepresentation of African American males as victim of gun violence indicates a health care disparity which needs to be addressed. The Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior are a theoretical framework that provides insight to the social behaviors associated with gun violence. The holistic approach recognizes the interconnection between individuals and environment, in order to facilitate the healing process for victims of gun violence, social factors and environment must be incorporated into their care.
Synthesis and characterization of low retardation colorless polyimides containing m-phenylenediamine with different pendant groups
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Mushtaq Nafeesa , Xing Jinglei , Chen Guofei , Fang Xingzhong
Published: November 2023

In this study, 4-biphenyl-3,5-diaminobenzoate (E- m-PDA) was synthesized by three steps using 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid as a starting material. Two series of colorless polyimides (CPIs) PI-(1a-1d) and PI-(2a-2d) were prepared by traditional two-step polycondensation of m-phenylenediamine ( m-PDA) based diamines with different pendant groups (-H, CF3, COOH and biphenyl ester) with aromatic dianhydrides BPADA and 6FDA, respectively. All of the prepared CPIs exhibited high thermal stability with 5% weight loss at temperatures ranging from 428 to 539°C in nitrogen, and glass transition temperatures ( Tgs) ranging from 228 to 332°C. These PI films displayed a UV-vis absorption cut-off wavelength at 338–376 nm and transparency of 76%–89% at a wavelength of 450 nm. Both series of colorless PI films also showed low birefringence values of 0.0021–0.0100. In addition, the optical retardations of these CPIs were extremely low (48–220 nm), indicating low optical anisotropy of these CPI films. Colorless PI film PI-2d prepared based on E- m-PDA and 6FDA had good comprehensive properties of low birefringence ([Formula: see text] n of 0.0064), high Tg (319°C) and excellent transparency ( T450 of 88%).
Renal tubular and glomerular estrogen receptor ß levels are lower in lupus nephritis than in familial Mediterranean fever-associated renal amyloidosis
Authors: Kor Ahmet , Süngü Nuran , Biçer Cemile , Erten Şükran
Published: November 2023

Background

Estrogen has been thought to play an essential role in the disease pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus, which is 9–10 times more prevalent in the female population. It has been shown that irregular estrogen/estrogen receptor signaling pathways may contribute to the pathophysiology of various renal diseases. In this study, we compared renal estrogen receptors between lupus nephritis, familial Mediterranean fever-associated renal amyloidosis, ANCA-associated nephritis, and intact kidney to investigate their role in the pathophysiology of renal diseases.

Methods

This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study. Thirty systemic lupus erythematosus patients with lupus nephritis, 12 familial Mediterranean fever amyloidosis and 10 ANCA-associated glomerulonephrites, and 14 individuals with normal renal histology were included in the study.

Results

Tubular estrogen receptor ß expression score was found to be significantly higher in the familial Mediterranean fever [5 (1–8)] group than in the lupus nephritis [0 (0–1)] (B = 1.385, OR = 3.996, CI %95 = 1.805–8.846, p = .001) and ANCA [4 (1–6.5)] (B = −1.431, OR = 0.239, CI 95% = 0.093–0.614, p = .003) groups. A significant correlation was found between serum creatinine values and tubular estrogen receptor ß expression score (OR = 0.565, CI 95% = 0.622–1.402, p < .0001). In ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis, a significant relationship was found between fibro cellular crescents in renal biopsy and glomerular estrogen receptor ß expression score (OR = 0.247, CI 95% = 0.11–0.999, p = .045) and tubular estrogen receptor ß expression score (OR = 0.282, CI 95% = −0.180–2.812, p = .026).

Conclusions

This study showed that tubular estrogen receptor ß expression score was elevated in familial Mediterranean fever amyloidosis and correlated with serum creatinine levels and renal crescents.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices related toNaegleria fowleriAmong General Population of Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Younus Shaheera , Fatima Hareer , Rangwala Burhanuddin Sohail , Munir Ashna , Ahsan Syed Muhammad , Naeem Wania , Abbas Syed Raza , Rangwala Hussain Sohail
Published: November 2023

Background

Naegleria fowleri, a “brain-eating” amoeba, is the cause of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. It spreads through the nasal route via contaminated water sources and invades the central nervous system.

Purpose

The objective of our study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices about N. fowleri among the general population of Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods

This study was conducted on the general population in Karachi to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding N. fowleri. Data was collected using a questionnaire with four parts, covering demographics, N. fowleri knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices. The sample size of 400 was determined using the Raosoft Survey Tool. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, including descriptive analysis and the Pearson chi-square test. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The study period was June–December 2022.

Results

This study showed that around 80% of people had never heard about N. fowleri.

Conclusion

This study revealed the level of awareness of N. fowleri and measures to avoid its infection in Karachi is very low, where N. fowleri infections are reported every year. Hence, appropriate measures should be taken to increase knowledge and awareness to avoid the spread of N. fowleri infection among the population.
From Diagnosis to Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Biomarkers and Therapeutic Advances in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Rangwala Hussain Sohail , Fatima Hareer , Syed Aina Marzia , Abbas Syed Raza , Rangwala Burhanuddin Sohail
Published: November 2023

Background

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons, resulting in motor symptoms. Ongoing research shows promise for long-term solutions.

Studies highlight the dysregulation of Syt11 and α-synuclein (α-syn) in PD. Disrupted α-syn homeostasis due to palmitoylation of Syt11 contributes to its aggregation, potentially playing a role in PD pathology. α-synuclein aggregates in stool samples show promise as an early diagnostic biomarker. Vocal impairments in PD may be linked to α-syn-induced neuropathology. Irisin, produced after exercise, promotes the degradation of pathologic α-syn. Progress has been made in identifying PD biomarkers. Retinal thinning and abnormal protein aggregates in skin biopsies provide noninvasive diagnostic indicators. Blood-based biomarkers like α-syn, DJ-1, and LRRK2 hold promise but face limitations. Artificial intelligence (AI) models enhance mitophagy, detect PD through sleep-breathing signals, and improve survival. AI analysis aids noninvasive assessment and risk prediction. Further understanding of PD involves studying pathological seeds and genetic mutations. Adenosine receptor regulation relates to early-onset PD, and specific gene mutations impact patient survival. Differentiated-induced pluripotent stem cells offer the potential for cell replacement therapy. Autoimmune features and T-cell involvement suggest intervention targets. Stem cell-based therapies and neurostimulation strategies show promise for improving motor function. Imaging reveals increased central inflammation in PD, suggesting an inflammatory role. Machine learning algorithms and home gait speed monitoring aid in diagnosis and disease progression tracking. Abnormal putamen gradients reflect dopaminergic loss and motor dysfunction. Antiepileptic drug prescriptions are associated with an increased PD risk. Personalized medicine, gut–brain axis involvement, and vestibular stimulation therapy offer potential PD treatment avenues. Genetic engineering techniques and deep brain stimulation show promise for alleviating PD symptoms.

Key Message

Ongoing research and technological advancements promise to improve PD screening, diagnosis, and treatment, bringing hope to affected individuals.
Practical psychiatry: Taking gaming seriously – a primer for psychiatrists on gamers and gaming culture
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Wilkes Fiona A , Bastiampillai Tarun , Allison Stephen
Published: November 2023

Objective

Up to three billion, of the eight billion people in the world, play videogames. Gaming is a significant global sociocultural influence. This primer will aid psychiatrists in understanding sociocultural milieux of gamers, who include patients and their communities.

Method

A rapid narrative review.

Results

Benefits include expression of personality, identity and culture through social aspects of gaming. Improved physical health, neurocognition, self-efficacy and quality of life are associated with gaming in those with certain mental health disorders including schizophrenia. Harms may include in-game discrimination, disordered gaming, as well as encouragement of online gambling. There is no longitudinal association between violent games and youth aggression.

Conclusions

Psychiatrists should enquire about gaming as part of the sociocultural milieux of patients’ lives, and the perceived mental health benefits and harms of gaming.
Predictive Model for Pulmonary Embolism in Pregnant and Postpartum Women: A 10-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Lili Xu , Shunlan Du , Lixu Jin
Published: November 2023

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) in pregnant and postpartum women is fatal, and risk assessment is crucial for effective and safe management, the aim of this retrospective study was to establish a nomogram for predicting the risk of PE in pregnant and postpartum women. Methods: Totally 343 subjects suspected of PE at the Obstetrics Department of Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021 were retrospective analyzed in our study. Pregnant women suspected of PE and who underwent computed tomographic pulmonary angiography examination were included in the study. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression technique was used to select the best prediction features, and multivariate logistic regression is used to build the prediction model. Bootstrap resampling 1000 times was used to validate the model visualized by nomogram. Evaluate the performance of the model from three aspects: identification, calibration and clinical utility. Results: Our predictive model indicated that chest tightness, anhelation, lactate, and D-dimer were associated with PE. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.836 (95% CI: [0.770-0.902]), indicating that our model had a good differential diagnostic performance. Good consistency between prediction and real observation was presented as the calibration curve. Decision curve analysis indicated that our model had a good net clinical benefit. Conclusions: We developed a novel numerical model for selecting risk factors for PE in pregnant and postpartum women. Our results may help obstetricians and gynaecologists to develop individualized treatment plans and PE prevention strategies.
Circumferential modal coupling analysis of orthogonally stiffened cylindrical shell coupled with internal rectangular plate using semi-analytical wavenumber–frequency method
Authors: Wu Duoting , Su Jinpeng , Hua Hongxing , Zhang Zhenguo
Published: November 2023

Orthogonally stiffened cylindrical shell coupled with internal rectangular plate is widely applied in engineering industries. The significant effects of the internal plate on vibration signatures of the shell have been demonstrated. Little attention has been paid to vibration analysis in the wavenumber–frequency domain. This paper aims to conduct the circumferential modal coupling analysis of the coupled model using the semi-analytical wavenumber–frequency method. The coupled model is disassembled into the stiffened cylindrical shell and rectangular plate. The interface potential between the shell and rectangular plate is derived based on a unified variational modeling procedure, in which the transformation of the coordinate system must be conducted. The displacement fields of the shell are expanded with the Fourier series along the circumferential direction. The vibratory field in wavenumber–frequency space is analytically obtained. The numerical method is utilized to illustrate the convergence and accuracy of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the internal plate affects modal characteristics and then results in the alterations of the number and the shifts of resonance peaks. The phenomenon can be demonstrated by the circumferential modal contribution of the vibration response. Besides, it should be noted that the dominant circumferential modes for the input energy and vibrational energy are inconsistent owing to the strong shell–plate coupling effect.
Effect of build orientation on the green tribological properties of multi-jet fusion manufactured PA12 parts
Authors: Gavcar Beyza , Sumer Emir Halit , Sagbas Binnur , Katiyar Jitendra Kumar
Published: November 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a newly developed technology for manufacturing parts from three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) models by depositing a material layer on layer. Multi-jet fusion (MJF) is one of the AM technologies that can be used for manufacturing functional parts like gear, linear, bearing, etc., by polymers. In various applications, technical processes, design of tribological systems, optimum lubrication, and reduction of wear and friction are significant performance criteria to provide energy and material conservation. The development of green tribological applications offers essential solutions to problems of ecosystem pollution and energy from a global point of view to increase sustainability. In this article, the green tribological behavior of Polyamide 12 (PA12) parts, manufactured by MJF with different build orientations was evaluated by ball-on-disc tribological tests under different normal loads and lubricated environments. Mechanical profilometer and digital microscope were used to evaluate surface quality and morphology. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine the samples’ wear characteristics. The maximum surface roughness was measured for the part having a build orientation of 45°. The maximum coefficient of friction value was determined as 0.355 for the sample with 45° orientation under 5 N load and dry environment. The maximum wear rate value was determined as 2.3249 × 10−4 mm3/Nmm for the sample with 0° orientation under 10 N load and dry state. The differences between build orientations should be considered when evaluating tribological properties. This article provides a new perspective to researchers and practitioners toward green tribology of polymer AM parts.
Resilience and family quality of life in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Cardelle-Pérez Federico , Banacloig-Delgado Cristina , García-García Lorena
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Resilience and quality of life (QOL) can involve a positive approach in group interventions for parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study aims to evaluate resilience and family QOL at the start of a psychoeducational group.

Methods

Cross-sectional assessment of resilience and family QOL used the Family Quality of Life Scale (ECVF) and 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14).

Results

The study group showed high levels of resilience. Parents considered the resources/support domain crucial, although satisfaction in this area was comparatively lower. Concerns about low satisfaction with available resources and support were notable. Gender differences were observed but not statistically significant.

Discussion

The study’s findings support prior research on parental resilience in families of children with ASD. The literature on the QOL for these families presents mixed findings. The importance of parental involvement in service planning is highlighted.

Conclusions

This study emphasizes the importance of resilience in parents of children with ASD, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target. The findings underscore the need to address the perceived low quality of available resources and support. Further investigation is needed.
Categorical and spatial interlinkages within the European migration policy mix
Authors: Czaika Mathias , Bohnet Heidrun , Zardo Federica
Published: November 2023

This article analyses the categorical and spatial linkages within migration policy areas across 31 European countries from 1990 to 2020, examining over 5000 migration policy changes. It reveals distinct patterns of policy diffusion across space and contrasting trends between different migration policy areas. While migrant admission policies have experienced a trend towards liberalisation over the past three decades, border and return policies have become more restrictive. The research identifies spatial policy dependencies primarily in border enforcement, with some presence in admission, integration, and return policies. The findings underscore the structured nature of the European migration policy mix and contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities and interdependencies within migration governance.
“Extending the Referendum Model of Presidential Election Outcomes: Both Candidates Matter”
Authors: Highton Benjamin , Stone Walter J.
Published: November 2023

We offer a candidate-centered amendment to incumbent-referendum models of presidential election outcomes that dominate the literature on post-WWII presidential elections. Our argument is that incumbent-challenger differences in character qualifications and issue concerns of the electorate should be included. These differentials, which recognize the advantage or disadvantage of the incumbent relative to the challenger party candidate have strong effects on election outcomes independent of the state of the economy, the number of years the incumbent party has held the White House, and presidential approval. Properly understood, in addition to the state of national affairs, presidential election outcomes are about the choice presented to the mass public. This added element means that candidates matter for election outcomes and electoral change in ways that have not been properly appreciated in existing scholarship.
Looking Back to Look Forward: Exploring Crenshaw’s Political, Structural, and Representational Intersectionality in Sport
Authors: Anders Allison Daniel , DeVita James M. , Fisher Leslee A. , Corr Chris , Myers Christina L.
Published: November 2023

Engaging with Kimberlé Crenshaw’s concept of intersectionality, the authors (re)turn to its genesis in critical race theory (CRT) and specifically, its forms of structural intersectionality, political intersectionality, and representational intersectionality. Discussing each form in relation to contemporary issues in sport that Black women and women of Color navigate, they argue that Crenshaw’s intersectionality provides additional compelling layers of engagement with existing intersectional scholarship and scholarship about activism in sport, invites structural and discursive change through intersectional policies and practice, and promotes coalition building toward intersectional racial justice in sport.
Pushing Walls With Tami Spry
Authors: Lockford Lesa
Published: November 2023

In this essay, Tami Spry’s impact upon performance, performance studies, and qualitative inquiry writ large is explored through three interrelated concepts found in her work: bodies, space, and matter.
Proton Beam Therapy and Photon-Based Magnetic Resonance Image-Guided Radiation Therapy: The Next Frontiers of Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zaki Peter , Chuong Michael D. , Schaub Stephanie K. , Lo Simon S. , Ibrahim Mariam , Apisarnthanarax Smith
Published: November 2023

External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) has increasingly been utilized in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to technological advances with positive clinical outcomes. Innovations in EBRT include improved image guidance, motion management, treatment planning, and highly conformal techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Moreover, proton beam therapy (PBT) and magnetic resonance image-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) have expanded the capabilities of EBRT. PBT offers the advantage of minimizing low- and moderate-dose radiation to the surrounding normal tissue, thereby preserving uninvolved liver and allowing for dose escalation. MRgRT provides the advantage of improved soft tissue delineation compared to computerized tomography (CT) guidance. Additionally, MRgRT with online adaptive therapy is particularly useful for addressing motion not otherwise managed and reducing high-dose radiation to the normal tissue such as the stomach and bowel. PBT and online adaptive MRgRT are emerging technological advancements in EBRT that may provide a significant clinical benefit for patients with HCC.
Open Management of an Asymptomatic 4.2 Cm Middle Colic Artery Aneurysm and Liteture Review
Authors: Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Karanikas Michail , Malafi Maria Eleni , Parisidis Stavros , Georgakarakos Efstratios
Published: November 2023

Background

Aneurysms of the middle colic artery (MCAA) and its branches are exceedingly rare accounting for <3% of total visceral aneurysms. Very few MCAA cases have been reported in the literature with only three cases accounting for a diameter >4 cm.

Method

We describe the successful open repair with ligation of a 4.2 cm asymptomatic MCAA in a female patient through the gastrohepatic ligament taking meticulous caution to avoid injury of the pancreas. The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged from the hospital on the fifth postoperative day. At 1 month follow-up the postoperative computed tomographic angiography documented complete exclusion of the MCAA and absence of contrast agent in the sac both in the arterial and the venous phase.

Conclusion

While the endovascular treatment is the first-line option for visceral aneurysms, the open approach is still reserved for certain cases of hostile anatomy, challenging location and large size. Our case highlights the irreplaceable role of open surgery and underlines the collaboration between surgical specialties.
Hallucination, panic, and exhaustion in embodied cognition
Authors: Wallace Rodrick
Published: November 2023

We demonstrate—under what is perhaps a “best case” analysis—that all enterprises of embodied cognition, ranging from the “simply” cognitive to the actively conscious, and from the individual to the mechanical, institutional, and composite, are susceptible to induced patterns of hallucination, panic, and exhaustion on challenging landscapes of fog, friction, and deadly adversarial intent. That is, embodied cognition, of any nature and on any scale or level of organization, is inherently unstable in the sense of the Data Rate Theorem, requiring constant control information for proper function, a circumstance that can be exploited by traditional adversaries or other evolving entities. We further argue, in consonance with C.S. Gray, that dreams of “Wunderwaffen,”“Wundertaktik,” and implacable “Reflexive Control” are themselves siren hallucinations.
The Impacts of Stigma Against Sexual Minority Men Within and Between Various Socioecological Levels: Breaking the Vicious Cycle in Zambia
Authors: Qiao Shan , Garrett Camryn M. , Addo Prince N. O. , Adeagbo Oluwafemi , Moore Darius M. , Muttau Nobutu , Sharma Anjali , Lwatula Clementina , Ngosa Levy , Kabwe McLean , Manasyan Albert , Menon J. Anitha , Weissman Sharon , Li Xiaoming , Harper Gary W.
Published: November 2023

Sexual minority men (SMM) face persistent stigma in Zambia. From a holistic perspective, we aim to explore its impacts within and between multiple socioecological levels, demonstrating how their interactions create a vicious cycle of barriers to the well-being of SMM. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 purposively recruited SMM from Lusaka, Zambia. All interviews were audio-recorded, after written consent, transcribed verbatim, and iteratively coded employing inductive (i.e., data-driven) approaches for thematic analysis using NVivo. Results suggest three key themes: (1) interpersonal socially perpetuated sexual minority stigma (SMS); (2) multidirectional interactions between psychosocial well-being and risk-taking behaviors; and (3) institutionally perpetuated SMS as a barrier to seeking and receiving health care. SMS permeates across all levels of the socioecological model to negatively impact the psychosocial well-being of SMM while acting also as a barrier to accessing HIV prevention and care. Our study necessitates structural public health intervention to decrease stigma and discrimination against SMM in Zambia, in efforts to increase their psychosocial well-being as well as their access to and utilization of HIV care by breaking the vicious cycle of SMS that pervades through the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional levels of the socioecological model.
Sleep is Essential for Cardiovascular Health: An Analytic Review of the Relationship Between Sleep and Cardiovascular Mortality
Authors: Eshera Yasmine M. , Gavrilova Lyubov , Hughes Joel W.
Published: November 2023

The American Heart Association recently included sleep health as one of eight factors that define cardiovascular health. Restorative sleep is a pillar of lifestyle medicine influenced by sleep duration, quality, and disorders. Short and long sleep duration are associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Short sleep appears causally related to cardiovascular risk. Long sleep is more strongly predictive of cardiovascular risk, which may be due to comorbidities and other risk factors. Good-quality sleep appears to protect against the increased risk and is independently associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Insomnia, particularly difficulty falling asleep and non-restorative sleep, is associated with an increase in cardiac events. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiac risk and outcomes, which is typically observed in the context of contributing comorbidities. However, treating OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may not improve prognosis. Further research is needed to understand the causal mechanisms connecting sleep health with CVD and whether modifying sleep can improve outcomes. Sleep health should be considered as part of a holistic approach to improving cardiovascular health, as reflected in the scoring of LE8 and as one of the interrelated components of lifestyle medicine.
Conducting Peer Research: Learning From the Evaluation of a Parenting Support Intervention
Authors: Leitão Catarina , Shumba Jefrey , Scott Tara
Published: November 2023

Peer research has the potential to increase community engagement in research and improve understanding of the data co-produced. However, there is a dearth of research on how to effectively conduct peer research with parents. The current study aimed to collect the views and experiences of parents who were peer researchers in the evaluation of a parenting support intervention. Four parents participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed via thematic analysis. Results indicated that peer research tasks were perceived as becoming easier with practice. Benefits of peer research included increased awareness of the organisation’s work, enjoyment of the process, exposure to learning new things, and continued networks among peer researchers. Facilitating factors for peer research included availability and accessibility of the organisation’s support, and opportunities for knowledge and information sharing among peer researchers. Main challenges experienced related to the training provided, previous experience in qualitative research, coding difficulties, and procedures regarding the organisation of the peer research process. Parents also shared ways of improving the peer research process in the future regarding structures to support the coordinating researcher and continued involvement of the same pool of peer researchers, given the acquired experience. Studying the peer research process has the potential to increase the understanding of peer researchers’ needs, preferences, and resources, and to inform research aimed at supporting families.