bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Consensus-Driven Revision of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Case Log System: Pediatric Anesthesiology Fellowship Education
Authors: Ambardekar Aditee P. , Furukawa Louise , Eriksen Whitney , McNaull Peggy P. , Greeley William J. , Lockman Justin L.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Clinical experiences, quantified by case logs, are an integral part of pediatric anesthesiology fellowship programs. Accreditation of pediatric anesthesiology fellowships by the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and establishment of case log reporting occurred in 1997 and 2009, respectively. The specialty has evolved since then, but the case log system remains largely unchanged. The Pediatric Anesthesiology Program Directors Association (PAPDA) embarked on the development of an evidence-based case log proposal through the efforts of a case log task force (CLTF). This proposal was part of a larger consensus-building process of the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia (SPA) Task Force for Pediatric Anesthesiology Graduate Medical Education. The primary aim of case log revision was to propose an evidence-based, consensus-driven update to the pediatric anesthesiology case log system.

METHODS:

This study was executed in 2 phases. The CLTF, composed of 10 program directors representing diverse pediatric anesthesiology fellowship programs across the country, utilized evidence-based literature to develop proposed new categories. After an approval vote by PAPDA membership, this proposal was included in the nationally representative, stakeholder-based Delphi process executed by the SPA Task Force on Graduate Medical Education. Thirty-seven participants engaged in this Delphi process, during which iterative rounds of surveys were used to select elements of the old and newly proposed case logs to create a final revision of categories and minimums for updated case logs. The Delphi methodology was used, with a two-thirds agreement as the threshold for inclusion.

RESULTS:

Participation in the Delphi process was robust, and consensus was almost completely achieved by round 2 of 3 survey rounds. Participants suggested that total case minimums should increase from 240 to 300 (300–370). Participants agreed (75.86%) that the current case logs targeted the right types of cases, but requirements were too low (82.75%). They also agreed (85.19%) that the case log system and minimums deserved an update, and that this should be used as part of a competency-based assessment in pediatric anesthesia fellowships (96%). Participants supported new categories and provided recommended minimum numbers.

CONCLUSIONS:

The pediatric anesthesiology case log system continues to have a place in the assessment of fellowship programs, but it requires an update. This Delphi process established broad support for new categories and benchmarked minimums to ensure the robustness of fellowship programs and to better prepare the pediatric anesthesiology workforce of the future for independent clinical practice.
Public Education Inequality and Intergenerational Mobility
Authors: Zheng Angela , Graham James
Published: June 2022

Public school funding depends heavily on local property tax revenue. Consequently, low-income households have limited access to quality education in neighborhoods with high house prices. In a dynamic life-cycle model with neighborhood choice and endogenous local school quality, we show that this property tax funding mechanism reduces intergenerational mobility and accounts for the spatial correlation between house prices and mobility. A housing voucher experiment improves access to schools, with benefits that can last for multiple generations. Additionally, a policy that redistributes property tax revenues equally across schools improves mobility and welfare. However, the benefits can take generations to be realized. (JEL H71, H75, I21, I22, J62, R23, R31)
Cournot Fire Sales
Authors: Eisenbach Thomas M. , Phelan Gregory
Published: June 2022

In standard Walrasian macro-finance models, pecuniary externalities due to fire sales lead to excessive borrowing and insufficient liquidity holdings. We investigate whether imperfect competition (Cournot) improves welfare through internalizing the externality and find that this is far from guaranteed. Cournot competition can overcorrect the inefficiently high borrowing in a standard model of levered real investment. By contrast, Cournot competition can exacerbate the inefficiently low liquidity in a standard model of financial portfolio choice. Implications for welfare and regulation are therefore sector specific, depending both on the nature of the shocks and the competitiveness of the industry. (JEL D43, D62, E44, G11, G21, G28, G30)
Euthanasia: Promoter of Autonomy or Supporter of Biopower?
Authors: Tsiakiri Lydia
Published: June 2022

The medical developments and their subsequent influence on the duration of human life have brought in the limelight various moral questions. The pathological conditions do not constitute anymore the decisive causes of death, whereas an ascending number of people suffer more by being maintained in life. In this reality, the euthanasia debate seems more apropos than ever. The following article examines the aforementioned issue through the supportive argument of autonomy in contrast to a Foucauldian approach. In essence, based on the Kantian concept of autonomy, several scholars have advocated in favor of the legalization of euthanasia in order that our ability to define not only the course of our life and its duration, but also the way of our death is ensured. However, on the other side, a Foucauldian approach of the issue seems to be equally worth cited and taken into consideration. In accordance with that, the domination of Foucault's concept of biopower would deterministically imply that our choices are totally determined by a form of power that targets at the absolute control over our lives through medicine and legislation. In such a context, euthanasia could not constitute a promoter of autonomy. On the contrary, it would contribute to the absolute escalation of the governmental power that would be imposed on every inch of our lives being exclusively interested in its own prosperity!
Josef Pieper on Medieval Truth and Martin Heidegger’s Wahrheitsbegriff
Authors: Rehman Rashad
Published: June 2022

Josef Pieper’s critique of Martin Heidegger’s Wahrheitsbegriff (concept of truth) has been virtually ignored in both Pieper and Heidegger scholarship; however, Pieper’s critique of Heidegger is both lethal and affirmative. On the one hand, Pieper makes a strong case against Heidegger’s Wahrheitsbegriff in “Vom Wesen der Wahrheit” and yet on the other he affirms his thesis that “the essence of truth is freedom.” This paper attempts to mend this gap in the literature by first presenting Heidegger’s “Vom Wesen der Wahrheit,” the essay in which Heidegger explicates his concept of truth. Second, I exegete the critique of Josef Pieper found in his “Heideggers Wahrheitsbegriff.” Third, I conclude the paper by contextualizing Pieper’s critique within Pieper’s Werke, and make a note of the philosophical insights derivative from Pieper’s less than simple relationship to Heidegger.
Κινηματογράφος και εκπαίδευση
Authors: Αβδελίδου Ευαγγελία
Published: June 2022

Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν να διερευνήσουμε τη δυνατότητα της αξιοποίησης της κινηματογραφικής εκπαίδευσης για τη διαπραγμάτευση θεμάτων ταυτότητας και ψυχοκοινωνικών ζητημάτων στα παιδιά με εμπειρία μετανάστευσης. Αντλήσαμε και συνδυάσαμε στοιχεία από διαφορετικές επιστημονικές περιοχές, όπως την ψυχανάλυση, την ψυχαναλυτική προσέγγιση του κινηματογράφου, την κινηματογραφοθεραπεία, τη θεωρία της Λογοτεχνίας, την παιδαγωγική επιστήμη και την επιστήμη της μελέτης των μέσων. Στο πρώτο, θεωρητικό μέρος της διατριβής, μέσα από τη βιβλιογραφική μας ανασκόπηση, ασχοληθήκαμε με τις συναισθηματικές διεργασίες που αφορούν το παιδί-θεατή κατά την παρακολούθηση μιας κινηματογραφικής ταινίας. Επίσης, αναφερθήκαμε στον ρόλο των ψυχαναλυτικών εννοιών της διχοτόμησης και του μεταβατικού χώρου σε σχέση με τον κινηματογράφο και τη μετανάστευση, στα πλαίσια της διαπραγμάτευσης της ταυτότητας των παιδιών και των εφήβων μεταναστών και μεταναστριών, μέσα από την παρακολούθηση των κινηματογραφικών ταινιών. Επιπλέον, παρουσιάσαμε την εικόνα της ερευνητικής δραστηριότητας και των αντίστοιχων προγραμμάτων που συνδέουν την κινηματογραφική εκπαίδευση και τη μετανάστευση, μέσα από την καταγραφή τους. Επιχειρήσαμε, έτσι, να αναδείξουμε τη ψυχο-συναισθηματική διάσταση των προγραμμάτων κινηματογραφικής εκπαίδευσης, η οποία σε μεγάλο βαθμό είναι απούσα από τα ήδη υλοποιημένα προγράμματα, που δίνουν έμφαση στην κριτική και την τεχνική διάσταση της κινηματογραφικής παιδείας. Στο δεύτερο μέρος της διατριβής, παρουσιάσαμε το παράδειγμα υλοποίησης προγράμματος κινηματογραφικής εκπαίδευσης σε ομάδα παιδιών μεταναστών, που έδινε έμφαση στις συναισθηματικές διεργασίες της ομάδας και τη δυναμική της, όπως κινήθηκαν από την επαφή των μελών με το οπτικοακουστικό υλικό. Πραγματοποιήσαμε εκπαιδευτική έρευνα-δράση, για μία ακαδημαϊκή χρονιά, σε πλαίσιο μη τυπικής εκπαίδευσης, σε συνεργασία με ομάδα 10 παιδιών 11-15 ετών. Κύριο συμπέρασμά μας ήταν πως η κινηματογραφική εκπαίδευση μπορεί να αξιοποιηθεί με ιδιαίτερα γόνιμο τρόπο, προκειμένου οι μετανάστες/στριες μαθητές/τριες να διαπραγματευτούν συναισθηματικά θέματα μετανάστευσης και ταυτότητας.
Mental health, sleep quality and quality of life in individuals with and without multiple health conditions during home quarantine in India due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Patra Ramesh Chandra , Kanungo Biswajit , Bawa Parul
Published: June 2022

Background: Since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic and the global spread had created several challenges for the general public and the healthcare workers across the world, the primary aim of this study was to assess the psychological stress, sleep quality, and health-related quality of life (QoL) of individuals with multiple health issues during home quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The study was conducted between 28th March to 30th April 2020. We recruited 50 individuals who have a history of chronic health issues, and 50 individuals with no health issues for this cross-sectional study. Three questionnaires were used to evaluate the mental health [depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21)], sleep quality [Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)], and QoL [short form of health-related questionnaire (SF-36)] of the participants. Statistical analysis was carried out with Student’s t-test, using SPSS software v16.

Results: Baseline demographic characteristics were homogenous for both groups of participants. Intergroup analysis revealed statistically significant differences in mental health (p<0.001), sleep quality (p<0.001), and QoL (p<0.001) between the two groups.  The results showed high levels of depression, anxiety and stress; poor sleep quality and low health-related QoL in Group A as compared to Group B.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that individuals with chronic health issues exhibit higher mental health problems, lower quality of sleep and have a lower health-related QoL. More research is required and also government should plan on taking care of those patients.
Patient perspectives on home-based rehabilitation exercise and general physical activity after total hip arthroplasty: A qualitative study (PHETHAS-2)
Authors: Poulsen Anne Grøndahl , Gravesen Janni Dahlgaard , Madsen Merete Nørgaard , Mikkelsen Lone Ramer , Bandholm Thomas , Rossen Camilla Blach
Published: June 2022

Background: Home-based rehabilitation exercise following Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) shows similar outcomes compared to supervised outpatient rehabilitation exercise. Little is known about patients' experiences with home-based rehabilitation, and this study aimed to investigate how patients perceived home-based rehabilitation exercise and general physical activity after THA, focusing on facilitators and barriers.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews of qualitative design were conducted with 22 patients who had undergone THA and who had performed home-based rehabilitation exercise. The study took place in a regional hospital in Denmark between January 2018 and May 2019. Data were analyzed using an interpretive thematic analysis approach, with theoretical underpinning from the concept ‘conduct of everyday life’. The study is embedded within the Pragmatic Home-Based Exercise Therapy after Total Hip Arthroplasty-Silkeborg trial (PHETHAS-1).

Results: The main theme, ‘wishing to return to the well-known everyday life’, and the subtheme ‘general physical activity versus rehabilitation exercise’ were identified. Generally, participants found the home-based rehabilitation exercise boring but were motivated by the goal of returning to their well-known everyday life and performing their usual general physical activities. Participants enrolled in the PHETHAS-1 study used the enrollment as part of their motivation for doing the exercises. 

Both pain and the absence of pain were identified as barriers for doing home-based rehabilitation exercise. Pain could cause insecurity about possible medical complications, while the absence of pain could lead to the rehabilitation exercise being perceived as pointless.

Conclusions: The overall goal of returning to the well-known everyday life served as a facilitator for undertaking home-based rehabilitation exercise after THA along with the flexibility regarding time and place for performing exercises. Boring exercises as well as both pain and no pain were identified as barriers to the performance of home-based rehabilitation exercise. Participants were motivated towards performing general physical activities which were part of their everyday life.
Air pollutants and outlays vs quality of life in Poland and the welfare economics
Authors: Pakulska Jolanta
Published: June 2022

Motivation: The paradigms of the welfare economics are considered to be the basis of modern considerations on the measurement of quality of life. Today, there is no doubt that the quality of the environment, and especially the air quality that man breathes, is an essential element of the quality of life. Environmental problems, including air quality, often contribute to the failure of economic policies aimed at maximizing people’s well-being. Therefore, the state of all elements of the environment is important for the effectiveness of the implementation of the welfare economics and ensuring a satisfactory standard of living of the society. The last 20 years in Poland have been a time of catching up with many years of neglect in the area of the natural environment. It is a process that takes time and there is no possibility to achieve a high environmental quality of life in the short term. There is no disputing that measures were taken during this period to improve the environmental quality of life.

Aim: The study focused on air quality, as it is an element of the environment that cannot be cleaned before use. The aim of the study is to check whether the measures taken to reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air have been effective and to what extent it was possible to improve its condition and to improve the environmental quality of life of the Polish society in terms air the air we breathe.

Results: The results of the analysis in dynamic terms indicate that the quality of life in Poland during the transition, taking into account the emission of the main air pollutants, has improved.
L’érotisme en traduction et l’érotisme dans la traduction
Authors: Baïraktari Maria
Published: June 2022

TRANSLATING EROTICISM AND EROTICISM IN TRANSLATION: GAMIANI, OR TWO PASSIONATE NIGHTS TRANSLATED IN GREEK BY ANDREAS STAIKOS
Gamiani, or Two Passionate Nights by Alfred de Musset is the characteristic example of violent eroticism that is revealed through a lexico-semantic lace and an explicitly neat stylistics. The author aimed to create a novel imbued with descriptions of pleasure without using a single vulgar word. Our article is dedicated to the question of eroticism in translation through the strategy, the translation priorities and the techniques applied by the Greek translator Andréas Staikos. How does Musset’s lyrical writing and careful stylistics allay the possible issue of taboos in the translation process? What are the translator’s priorities? By drawing examples from his text, we will thus attempt to analyze Staikos’s approaches, which are based on a kind of antinomy concerning the transfer of eroticism at the semantic level and at the stylistic level from one language to another.
Dialog o miłości mistycznej
Authors: Jakubowska Joanna , Krupa-Adamczyk Marlena
Published: June 2022

DIALOGUE ABOUT THE MYSTICAL LOVE: SAINT JOHN OF THE CROSS, CYPRIEN DE LA NATIVITÉ DE LA VIERGE AND PAUL VALÉRY
This article concerns the timeless dialogue between Saint John of the Cross OCD, Spanish mystic of 16th century, Cyprien de la Nativité de la Vierge OCD, the 17th-century translator of his poems, and Paul Valéry, who delves into their texts as a reader, poet, and translator. Valéry shares his insights about Saint John’s text and its translation by the mentioned French Carmelite monk in the Introduction, which he writes to the jubilee edition of the Spiritual Canticle (1941). In this article we examine the contribution of mentioned three participants to “author-translator-receiver” configuration, focusing on their approach to the poetry, poetic translation, and work on the poetic text.
L’« amour en solo » dans les livres d’éducation sexuelle pour la jeunesse : comment le nomme-t-on dans les textes polonais traduits et non-traduits ?
Authors: Paprocka Natalia , Wandel Agnieszka
Published: June 2022

“LONELY LOVE” IN SEX EDUCATION BOOKS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE: WHAT IS IT CALLED IN THE TRANSLATED TEXTS AND IN THE ORIGINAL POLISH BOOKS?

The aim of this article is to investigate how opinions on the most controversial topics of the discourse on sexuality, such as masturbation, are shaped by original Polish and translated popular science books for young people. The study corpus consists of texts addressing this issue, taken from 29 sex education books published in Poland between 1990 and 2018. We used elements of the so-called French discourse analysis (FDA). We first established the “designational paradigm” (i.e. the set of expressions used to name masturbation), then we examined the semantic relations of the elements of this paradigm and determined their position in the overall structure of the message. We also tried to identify the mechanisms that indicate the presence of dialogism and discourse heterogeneity. The analysis shows that translations contribute to changes in the Polish discourse on masturbation in several ways. In translated texts, indeed, the issue itself and the range of names used to discuss it are more developed. This is especially visible in the case of rewordings with a positive axiological value, which makes it possible to consider translations as a means of counterbalancing the negative discourse on masturbation that remains predominant in Poland.
Effects of the Smawell Mobile App on Psychological and Biological Factors in the Middle Aged and Older Adults Living Alone
Authors: Kim Kyung Sook , Kim Miok , Han Mi Hee
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study examined the effect of the smartphone-based intervention program using laughter therapy on psychological and biological factors of the middle aged and older adults living alone.Methods: Data collection was conducted by a structured questionnaire about depression, loneliness, life satisfaction, and biological factors including general characteristics for the subjects residing in Cheonan, Korea. The collected data were analyzed by x2 test, t-test using SPSS/WIN ver. 26.0. There were 28 experimental and 31 control subjects.Results: The experimental group received laughter therapy for 4 weeks along with usual care. The control group received usual care only. After 4 weeks, there was a statistically significant difference in depression (t=-3.28, p=.002), life satisfaction (t=-2.89, p=.006), and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) (t=-2.36, p=.021) between the two groups.Conclusion: This study presents growing evidence for the diverse applications and benefits of laughter and humor. When using laughter as a complementary method to enhance health, it will be more effective to tailor the program to the specific needs of the individual.
An exploration of midwives' understanding of antibiotic resistance and stewardship in Uganda
Authors: Welsh Joanne , Ackers Louise
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims

A shortage of healthcare professionals has led to task shifting. Antibiotic prescribing is one such task that has been informally shifted to midwives in Uganda. This study aimed to explore the understanding of Ugandan midwives about antibiotic resistance and stewardship and where this knowledge is drawn from.

Methods

A mixed method approach was used to collect data from 29 midwives working across four healthcare facilities between February 2017 and January 2018. Interviews, observational work and secondary data were analysed to identify themes arising.

Results

Knowledge held by midwives about antibiotic resistance and antibiotic stewardship was found to be limited. The midwives attributed this to inadequate preparation during their training. Midwives used ‘learning in the field’ as an alternative method to inform their antibiotic prescribing practices.

Conclusions

Midwives are critical actors in the prevention of antibiotic resistance. Improvements in initial and continuing education are required to adequately prepare midwives for their role as antibiotic stewards.
What would you say at a Diplomates Day?
Authors: Mortensen Neil
Published: June 2022

Our President reflects on the College as we prepare to celebrate another cohort of Diplomates this summer.
Workforce challenges in Wales and Northern Ireland
Authors: Taylor Mark , Barry Jon
Published: June 2022

Mark Taylor and Jon Barry look at the workforce challenges in our devolved nations.
Surgical workforce: a greater understanding
Authors: Allum William , Smith Karen , Porritt Jacquelyn ,   On behalf of the RCS England Workforce and Training Committee
Published: June 2022

How can a national workforce census help us find solutions for the many issues facing the profession?
Statement on workforce
Authors: King Martin , Shelton Fenella , Kalra Neeraj , Adebayo Oliver , Harvey Neil , Sarmah Panchali , Nieto Tom , Jiwa Natasha , Vaughan Elizabeth , Sharma Divya , Taylor Kirstie , Forsythe Rachael , Laing Richard , Jackson Raef , Gadallah Bassem
Published: June 2022

ASiT and the trainee associations provide an urgent call to action to protect the future surgical workforce.
The last hurrah
Authors: Simmons Gerald
Published: June 2022

Our columnist explores the recent discussion around mandatory vaccinations in the USA and whether these should be put in place to protect healthcare workers.
Posterior ankle impingement syndrome in adolescents
Authors: Bojanić Ivan , Karakaš Tin , Knežević Igor , Dimnjaković Damjan
Published: June 2022

The goal of the study is to investigate posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS) in the adolescent population and the differ- ences in delay periods for diagnosis. Furthermore, the intention is to present the results for arthroscopic treatment of PAIS in adoles- cents and compare them to the results found in published literature. A total of 16 adolescent patients (≤19 years old) included in the study were operated on solely for PAIS. A search was done on avail- able medical documentation primarily for the causes and length of the PAIS symptoms, and any reported complications. The Amer- ican Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot score was used to evaluate ankle function, while patient satisfac- tion was measured using the Abdelatif questionnaire. The average age of the patients at the time of the procedure was 16.8 years. The median period from the appearance of the first symptoms until the diagnosis was 8.5 months. No perioperative complications were recorded in the median follow-up period of 75 months. An increase in AOFAS score was noted, ranging from an average of 70.9 preoperatively to 97.0 postoperatively. All of the patients were very satisfied with the results of the procedure, emphasizing postoperative improvement in everyday ankle use. This study confirms the presence of a diagnosis delay for PAIS in the adolescent population, which is in line with the results published in the literature. Additionally, it has been shown that arthroscopic surgery is highly efficient for treating PAIS in the adolescent popu- lation.
Single optical microfiber enabled tactile sensor for simultaneous temperature and pressure measurement
Authors: Yao Ni , Wang Xiaoyu , Ma Shuqi , Song Xingda , Wang Shan , Shi Zhangxing , Pan Jing , Wang Shipeng , Xiao Jianliang , Liu Haitao , Yu Longteng , Tang Yao , Zhang Zhang , Li Xiong , Fang Wei , Zhang Lei , Tong Limin
Published: June 2022

The ability to sense heat and touch is essential for healthcare, robotics, and human–machine interfaces. By taking advantage of the engineerable waveguiding properties, we design and fabricate a flexible optical microfiber sensor for simultaneous temperature and pressure measurement based on theoretical calculation. The sensor exhibits a high temperature sensitivity of 1.2 nm/°C by measuring the shift of a high-order mode cutoff wavelength in the short-wavelength range. In the case of pressure sensing, the sensor shows a sensitivity of 4.5% per kilopascal with a fast temporal frequency response of 1000 Hz owing to the strong evanescent wave guided outside the microfiber. The cross talk is negligible because the temperature and pressure signals are measured at different wavelengths based on different mechanisms. The properties of fast temporal response, high temperature, and pressure sensitivity enable the sensor for real-time skin temperature and wrist pulse measurements, which is critical to the accurate analysis of pulse waveforms. We believe the sensor will have great potential in wearable optical devices ranging from healthcare to humanoid robots.
Experimental witnessing for entangled states with limited local measurements
Authors: Zhu Gaoyan , Zhang Chengjie , Wang Kunkun , Xiao Lei , Xue Peng
Published: June 2022

We experimentally demonstrate a method for detection of entanglement via construction of entanglement witnesses from a limited fixed set of local measurements (

M

). Such a method does not require a priori knowledge about the form of the entanglement witnesses. It is suitable for a scenario where a full state tomography is not available, but the only resource is a limited set of

M

. We demonstrate the method on pure two-qubit entangled states and mixed two-qubit entangled states, which emerge from photonic implementation of controllable quantum noisy channels. The states we select are motivated by realistic experimental conditions, and we confirm it works well for both cases. Furthermore, possible generalizations to higher-dimensional bipartite systems have been considered, which can potentially detect both decomposable and indecomposable entanglement witnesses. Our experimental results show perfect validity of the method, which indicates that even a limited set of local measurements can be used for quick entanglement detection and further provide a practical test bed for experiments with entanglement witnesses.
Modeling the response of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) growth and development to climate change under deficit irrigation in a semi-arid region
Authors: Jahan Mohsen , Nassiri-Mahallati Mahdi
Published: June 2022

The future climate outlook was based on a combination of CCMs based on three Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios including RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for the future period of 2021–2051. The results showed an increase of the average Tmax in June, July and August (averaged by 1.8°C compared to the observed period) and a decrease in rainfall in May to September (averaged by 30.76 mm compared to the observed period under all three scenarios. Estimation of phenological stages of sesame under different scenarios showed that with increasing Tmax in April and May, the beginning of flowering, grain filling and physiological maturity was accelerated, also with increasing temperature from June to August the duration of the phenological stages was decreased. The effect of deficit irrigation (DI, supplying of 50% plant water requirement) on sesame phenological stages was not significantly different from full irrigation (FI). Simulation of canopy cover evolution (CC) and dry matter accumulation using the AquaCrop model revealed that the length of the late-season and the mid-season stages, have the greatest liability to be changed under the future climate change. Under the studied scenarios, the beginning of sesame growing season will accelerate from 9 to 11 days, which makes possible delayed sowing of sesame. The average of biomass (B) produced under three scenarios in DI and FI conditions were 17920 and 17241 kg ha-1, and the average of grain yield (GY) was 2905 and 3429 kg ha-1, respectively, which shows an increase by 31.5% and 28.7% of B, 18.4% and 39.5% of GY, compared to the observations (year 2016). The results revealed that under the future climate (except for RCP8 scenario), DI strategy can be used without reducing the GY of sesame due to the very little reduction (1.2%) in GY under DI compared to FI.
Financial relief policy and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hsiao Cody Yu-Ling , Ko Stanley Iat-Meng , Zhou Nan
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we investigate the effect of stimulus payments during the COVID-19 pandemic on the social distancing practices of their recipients. While the directed cash payments stipulated by the 2020 CARES Act were intended to mitigate the economic impact of closures imposed in response to the outbreak, we find that this relief may also have inadvertently contributed to the spread of the virus due to increased social activity. We find that, as the payments were sent out on a staggered weekly schedule, there was a corresponding spike in weekend traffic as indicated by a number of mobility metrics that measure social distancing, over and above the usual uptick expected from weekend shopping following receipt of the stimulus payments on Fridays. This preliminary study gives some indication that the economic benefits of the stimulus package may in fact be outweighed by the detrimental effects of looser social distancing practices prolonging the outbreak.
Bayesian model averaging for nonparametric discontinuity design
Authors: Hinne Max , Leeftink David , van Gerven Marcel A. J. , Ambrogioni Luca
Published: June 2022

Quasi-experimental research designs, such as regression discontinuity and interrupted time series, allow for causal inference in the absence of a randomized controlled trial, at the cost of additional assumptions. In this paper, we provide a framework for discontinuity-based designs using Bayesian model averaging and Gaussian process regression, which we refer to as ‘Bayesian nonparametric discontinuity design’, or BNDD for short. BNDD addresses the two major shortcomings in most implementations of such designs: overconfidence due to implicit conditioning on the alleged effect, and model misspecification due to reliance on overly simplistic regression models. With the appropriate Gaussian process covariance function, our approach can detect discontinuities of any order, and in spectral features. We demonstrate the usage of BNDD in simulations, and apply the framework to determine the effect of running for political positions on longevity, of the effect of an alleged historical phantom border in the Netherlands on Dutch voting behaviour, and of Kundalini Yoga meditation on heart rate.
Correlation between CDK1 protein and CDK1 mRNA during oocyte maturation in mouse
Authors: Sun Ya-Ting , Zhu Ai-Zhen
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between CDK1 protein and CDK1 mRNA during oocyte maturation in vivo in mouse. GV, GVBD, MI and MII oocytes were obtained from mice, respectively. Western blot validated that the CDK1 protein expression increased continuously and significantly with oocyte maturation in vivo (P<0.05). Real-time qRT-PCR showed that CDK1 mRNA expression was down-regulated significantly during transformation from GV to MI stages (P<0.05), and up-regulated significantly during transformation from MI to MII stages (P<0.05). The level of CDK1 mRNA peaked at MII stages. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that CDK1 protein expression was poor correlation with CDK1 mRNA expression during oocyte maturation in vivo (R=0.200). This finding suggested that the increase of CDK1 protein during oocyte maturation in vivo was not entirely caused by the change of transcription level. The results provide new food for thought for further research on the molecular mechanism of oocyte maturation
in vivo.
The student records of the University of Coimbra (1537-1919)
Authors: De Carvalho Joaquim Ramos
Published: June 2022

The University of Coimbra keeps to this day the academic records of students since 1537. In the years 1940-50 a card file of student information was created, known as the “Ficheiro de Alunos”. The catalogue contains records from 1537, when the university was relocated from Lisbon to Coimbra, up to 1908. The amount of information varied over time, containing name, first and last date on record, place of origin, school, years of enrolment, degrees obtained, and results of exams or other proofs of proficiency. Many records also contain notes such as titles (for instance indicating nobility), religious order, and college of residence.  In the years 2013-15, the contents of the card files were input in an archival management system, giving the old records a new digital life. Currently, around 105,000 records are available online, reachable through search engines. This paper addresses two limitations of the current online catalogue: first the academic information in the paper cards was transcribed as a single text field preventing the usage of structured queries and any type of non-trivial data analysis; secondly the opportunity of the University Archive to improve the catalogue through the cooperation of its users lacks a collaborative model that can scale. This article contributes solutions to both issues: we present algorithms to extract information from the records and produce representations in line with current data science paradigms, allowing a wide range of interesting analysis of the data; we also demonstrate how tools and cooperation models developed in the open source community can provide an environment for collaborative efforts ranging from the notification of simple errors to the addition of semantic web representations for linked data, harnessing the knowledge dispersed by many researchers working on this unique repository of data. xxxxxxxxxxxxx
LIGHT PREFERENCES IN TWO LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENTS AND ONTOGENIC LIGHT REQUIREMENTS OF TERRESTRIAL FERNS IN KEBUN RAYA BATURRADEN, CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Sedayu Agung , Saraswati Rahadian Ajeng , Astuti Yuli Puji
Published: June 2022

SEDAYU, A., SARASWATI, R. A. & ASTUTI, Y. P. 2022. Light preferences in two landscape managements and ontogenic light requirements of terrestrial ferns in Kebun Raya Baturraden, Central Java. Reinwardtia 21(1): 25–33. — Human management on landscapes influences environmental requirements including solar irradiation, which may affect fern establishment in different age classes. Two contrasting terrestrial fern communities were inspected in Kebun Raya Baturraden, Central Java; the first thrives among the garden (collection) area, representing the well managed area, and the latter living on the less managed area closest to a natural forest remnant. We found 78.7% species living exclusively in either landscape type; only 21% were shared on both, indicating a light preference among ferns and lycophytes. The four most common species (out of 32 fern and lycophyte species), Cyclosorus heterocarpus, Selaginella ornata, Nephrolepis biserrata, and Sphaerostephanos arbuscula in three different age classes and under gradient canopy openness were surveyed. Statistical test on the canopy openness of individuals of S. ornata and N. biserrata showed that three age categories used significantly different canopy openness, which is not the case for C. heterocarpus and S. arbuscula. It showed that some ferns and lycophytes ontogenically have gradual requirements on light exposure, while others are able to live in wide range of light exposure. This implies that in terms of wild species management, including ferns, the Baturraden gardens landscape management must be directed toward the ecological understanding of species of interest for Botanical Gardens and conservation
Az Együttnevelésre vonatkozó Tanári Énhatékonyság Kérdőív hazai adaptációjának működése általános iskolában tanító pedagógusok körében
Authors: Horváthné Storczer Adrienn , Szenczi Beáta
Published: June 2022

Az utóbbi évtizedekben az integráció térnyerésének következtében a tanulócsoportok heterogenitása új kihívások elé állította a pedagógusokat. Számos kutatás alátámasztja, hogy az integráció sikeressége a pedagógusok tudása mellett nagymértékben függ az együttneveléssel kapcsolatos nézeteiktől, vélekedéseiktől, illetve a saját képességeikről alkotott meggyőződéseiktől is, ezek feltárása ezért kulcsfontosságú. Tanulmányunkban egy olyan mérőeszköz hazai adaptálását és kipróbálását mutatjuk be, amely pedagógusok együttneveléssel kapcsolatos énhatékonyságának megismerését teszi lehetővé. Az Együttnevelésre vonatkozó Tanári Énhatékonyság Kérdőív (Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practices, TEIP) (Sharma és mtsai, 2012) magyar nyelvre lefordított és hazai oktatási környezetre adaptált változatát (TEIP-H) 108 általános iskolában dolgozó pedagógus töltötte ki. A mérőeszköz validitását feltáró faktoranalízissel ellenőriztük, eredményeink részben alátámasztották az eredeti mérőeszköz struktúráját. Hasonlóan más adaptációkhoz, mind a faktorelemzés, mind pedig a reliabilitásvizsgálat indokolta néhány tétel elhagyását a magyar nyelvű kérdőívből. A kutatásunk eredményeképp létrejött három alskálát és tizennégy állítást tartalmazó magyar nyelvű Likert-skálás mérőeszköz az első olyan hazai kérdőív, amely lehetővé teszi a pedagógusok inkluzív/integráló neveléssel kapcsolatos énhatékonyságának megismerését.
Experimental evaluation of precipitation estimates from commercial microwave links for rainfall-runoff modelling in a small urban catchment
Authors:   , Pastorek Jaroslav
Published: June 2022

Quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) from commercial microwave links (CMLs) represent a promising source of innovative rainfall data which, however, has not been yet extensively investigated in hydrological modelling. We mean to experimentally evaluate the potential of CML QPEs for rainfall-runoff modelling in small urban catchments. We address the ability of individual CMLs of various characteristics to provide relevant QPEs for urban hydrology. We analyze how wet-antenna attenuation, a major source of bias in CML QPEs, can be adequately estimated without dedicated rainfall monitoring. Using discharge observations, we evaluate the performance of rainfall-runoff modelling with state-of-the-art CML QPEs and compare it with the performance of traditional rain gauge data. We employ stochastic error model calibrated by Bayesian inference to quantify uncertainties of the runoff predictions. The presented results show that QPEs from CMLs spatially corresponding to the catchment area can very well reproduce runoff dynamics. However, the bias common in QPEs from short CMLs, typically best fitting small urban catchments, must be reduced to make the best use of this data. It is then presented how high-quality QPEs can be derived from CMLs of all path lengths, even when no additional rainfall data are available. Lastly, it is shown that, for rainfall-runoff modelling in small urban catchments covered by 1 rain gauge per roughly 20–25 km2, CML QPEs represent a notable improvement. For networks with 1 gauge per 0.5–1 km2, CML QPEs are a satisfying alternative.
Quantifying fish catches and fish consumption in the Amazon Basin
Authors: Sirén Anders , Valbo-Jørgensen John
Published: June 2022

The Amazon Basin is the largest in the world and for many of its inhabitants fishing is a crucially important source of food and income. However, the benefits derived from mostly informal, part time, seasonal, and subsistence-based activities such as fishing are largely invisible to policy-makers, and addressing the threats to aquatic habitats, ecosystem functioning, and fisheries is frequently given low priority in national development agendas.

To estimate the total extraction of fish in the Amazon Basin, we reviewed various publications and databases with quantitative data related to the landings, trade, and consumption of fish. We estimated the total landings to be between 422,000 and 473,000 t yr-1 in live weight, near to previous estimates. Almost 75%, however, represented landings in the Brazilian part of the basin, and there is a very large margin of uncertainty given that, among other issues, there are no recent official statistics on commercial landings. Conversely, landings in Bolivia, Colombia, and Ecuador seem to be considerably higher than previously thought. In all Amazonian countries, from 50% up to almost 100% of the fishing takes place for personal consumption, implying that it is not recorded in official landing statistics. Available time series data indicate that fish consumption in Brazil, as well as commercial fish landings in Peru and Colombia, have declined in recent years. Local case studies, national household consumption and expenditure surveys (HCES), and market surveys, all have their benefits and drawbacks. Some minor modifications of HCES procedures could considerably improve their usefulness for estimating fish landings in the Amazon Basin. To improve such estimates, we propose that local case studies be used to calibrate HCES data, thus combining the high precision of local case studies with the wide coverage and representativity of HCES data
Influence of coastal engineering on the intertidal macrobenthic community in the Dongtou Islands, China
Authors: Tang Yanbin , Liao Yibo , Shou Lu , Li Chenghua
Published: June 2022

Coastal areas have been intensively urbanized in Asia, causing changes to the structure and function of intertidal macrobenthic communities. In this study, the intertidal assemblages on two natural rocky shores, two rocky shores disturbed by construction works, and two shores with mixed artificial seawalls and mudflats in the Dongtou Islands were studied. We examined the influence of coastal engineering by comparing macrobenthic community structures in different transects. The statistical results revealed significant differences between macrobenthic community structures in natural and influenced transects, although all the high tidal zones shared common species. The most common species on mudflats were opportunistic polychaetes; however, historical evidence suggests that the mudflats in Dongtou used to be dominated by Mollusca. We inferred that this change in community structure occurred when the seawalls were constructed five5 years previously. The macrobenthic community does not appear to have subsequently recovered. We also observed an absence of habitat-forming macroalgae in our study area, although similar investigation results revealed that they still prevail on an uninhabited island in Dongtou. The increasing disturbance caused by construction work may explain the decline in brown algae, which are mainly distributed in the low tidal zone.
Diamond: The Game – a board game for secondary school students promoting scientific careers and experiences
Authors: Murray Claire , Dunstan Matthew , Heron Catherine , Holland Laura , Palmer Sophy , Price David , Basham Mark
Published: June 2022

Diamond: The Game is a board game designed for secondary school students (aged 11–18) to enable them to explore a broad variety of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) careers, STEM subjects and life as a scientist. Board games are a reusable and entertaining way to directly engage students in STEM, but careful consideration of mechanics, messages and accessibility is required to successfully deliver on this goal. Diamond: The Game was designed and evaluated against these considerations. The inclusive approach to design resulted in a better and more accessible game for all. Its success is further evident in the rise in the number of players who would consider a career as a scientist or an engineer after playing. The opportunities to explore collaboration, failure and the interdisciplinary nature of science in the game were particularly highlighted in discussions with students, teachers and careers advisers.
Ancaman Simbolis dan Keyakinan terhadap Teori Konspirasi Yahudi: Kekolotan Religius sebagai Mediator
Authors: Rikardi Audi Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Jews in Indonesia are scare and almost non-exist. However, Islamic groups consider Jews as a threat for Islamic practice. Furthermore, Islamic groups have belief that Jews are conspired against Islam in Indonesia through ideological ways. This study aims to explore association between symbolic threat and belief in Jewish conspiracy theory. This association mediated by religious zeal. There are 385 respondents who completed symbolic threat scale, religious zeal scale, and belief in Jewish conspiracy theory scale. Hypothesis tested by Jamovi 1.6.23 with medmod module. Analysis result explained symbolic threat has association with belief in Jewish conspiracy theory. Religious zeal also mediated that association. Symbolic threat could be a factor which explain Jewish conspiracy belief in Indonesia. Jewish conspiracy belief could be seen as mechanism to maintain positive image of Islamic group. Analysis result also explain Muslims and Jews relationship in Indonesia. Abstrak. Eksistensi Yahudi di Indonesia sangat sedikit dan hampir nihil. Namun, kelompok muslim merasa bahwa Yahudi adalah sesuatu yang mengancam nilai-nilai Islam. Selain itu, kelompok muslim memiliki keyakinan bahwa Yahudi berkonspirasi dalam melemahkan umat Islam di Indonesia melalui cara-cara ideologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kaitan ancaman simbolis dan keyakinan terhadap teori konspirasi Yahudi dengan kekolotan religius sebagai mediator. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala ancaman simbolis, skala kekolotan religius, dan skala keyakinan terhadap teori konspirasi Yahudi. 385 responden terlibat dalam penelitian. Uji hipotesis menggunakan Jamovi 1.6. 23 dengan modul medmod Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ancaman simbolis memiliki kaitan dengan keyakinan terhadap teori konspirasi Yahudi dan kekolotan religius memediasi kaitan dua variabel. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ancaman simbolis dapat menjadi faktor terkait alasan dari seseorang meyakini teori konspirasi Yahudi di Indonesia. Meyakini bahwa Yahudi berkonspirasi untuk mengancam nilai-nilai Islam adalah bagian dari mempertahankan citra dari kelompok Islam. Hasil analisis juga dapat menjelaskan relasi kelompok muslim dan Yahudi di Indonesia.