bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two variants of the Nutritional Risk in the Critically Ill Score as predictors of mortality in Intensive Care Unit patients at a Brazilian University Hospital
Authors: SILVA Amanda Forte dos Santos , REIS Audrey Machado dos , MARCHETTI Julia , FRANZOSI Oellen Stuani , STEEMBURGO Thais
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the agreement between the modified version of the Nutritional Risk in the Critically Ill Score (without Interleukin-6) and a variant composed of C-Reactive Protein as well as its capacity to predict mortality. Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out with 315 patients in an Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital from October 2017 to April 2018. The agreement between the instruments was evaluated using the Kappa test. The predictive capacity for estimating mortality was assessed with the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. Results The critical patients involved in the study had a mean age of 60.8±16.3 years and 53.5% were female. Most patients had C-Reactive Protein levels ?10mg/dL (n=263, 83.5%) and their admission in the Intensive Care Unit was medical (n=219, 69.5%). The prevalence of mortality was observed in 41.0% of the evaluated patients. The proportions at high nutritional risk according to Nutritional Risk in the Critically Ill without Interleukin-6 and with C-Reactive Protein were 57.5% and 55.6%, respectively. The tools showed strong and significant agreement(Kappa=0.935; p=0.020) and satisfactory performances in predicting mortality (area under the curve 0.695 [0.636-0.754] and 0.699 [0.640-0.758]). Conclusion Both versions of the Nutritional Risk in the Critically Ill tool show a satisfactory agreement and performance as predictors of mortality in critically ill patients. Further analysis of this variant and the association between nutrition adequacy and mortality is needed.
Um Simulador de Artroscopia de Joelho Acessível
Authors: Milcent Paul André Alain , Coelho Alexandre Roberto Roman , Rosa Sthéphano Pellizzaro , Fonseca Ygor Luiz Degraf da , Schroeder Andressa Zabudovski , Stieven Filho Edmar
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Introduction: The objective of this study is to describe a model of knee arthroscopy simulator that is affordable, low-cost and easily reproducible, aiming to enable the diffusion of more effective active teaching and training methodologies. Methods: For the creation of the arthroscopic camera, an endoscopic camera for mobile phones and computers model SXT-5.0M manufactured by KKMOON were used. The camera was introduced in a metal tube, which was coupled to a set of three 20 mm PVC hydraulic connectors to simulate the handle and sleeve of the arthroscope. The camera has a resolution of 1280 x 720 pixels and is equipped with six built-in white LED lamps, simulating and eliminating the need to use an additional light source. The knee model was developed using a PVC pipe fixed on a wooden support, to which synthetic femur and tibia models were affixed. Four three-centimeter diameter holes, compatible with the standard arthroscopic portals, were made in the body of the PVC pipe. For the menisci, a model was made out of modeling clay (Corfix®), until the anatomical structures were close to the real ones. The model consists of both menisci and the intercondylar eminence, simulating the proximal tibial articular surface. The model made out of modeling clay was the basis for the production of a thin Crystal Polyester Resin mold. Using the resin mold, the meniscal models were made of Silicone Rubber Type II, widely used in industry and crafts. Results: A functional and reproducible simulator was obtained, consisting of a knee model and an arthroscopic camera. The simulator works adequately adapted to a TV, monitor or computer, and allows the simulation of diagnostic procedures, meniscectomy and meniscoplasty. Conclusion: It is possible to develop a knee arthroscopy simulator, with components available in local and electronic commerce, at a cost of approximately R$ 300.
An Affordable Knee Arthroscopy Simulator
Authors: Milcent Paul André Alain , Coelho Alexandre Roberto Roman , Rosa Sthéphano Pellizzaro , Fonseca Ygor Luiz Degraf da , Schroeder Andressa Zabudovski , Stieven Filho Edmar
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Introduction: The objective of this study is to describe a model of knee arthroscopy simulator that is affordable, low-cost and easily reproducible, aiming to enable the diffusion of more effective active teaching and training methodologies. Methods: For the creation of the arthroscopic camera, an endoscopic camera for mobile phones and computers model SXT-5.0M manufactured by KKMOON were used. The camera was introduced in a metal tube, which was coupled to a set of three 20 mm PVC hydraulic connectors to simulate the handle and sleeve of the arthroscope. The camera has a resolution of 1280 x 720 pixels and is equipped with six built-in white LED lamps, simulating and eliminating the need to use an additional light source. The knee model was developed using a PVC pipe fixed on a wooden support, to which synthetic femur and tibia models were affixed. Four three-centimeter diameter holes, compatible with the standard arthroscopic portals, were made in the body of the PVC pipe. For the menisci, a model was made out of modeling clay (Corfix®), until the anatomical structures were close to the real ones. The model consists of both menisci and the intercondylar eminence, simulating the proximal tibial articular surface. The model made out of modeling clay was the basis for the production of a thin Crystal Polyester Resin mold. Using the resin mold, the meniscal models were made of Silicone Rubber Type II, widely used in industry and crafts. Results: A functional and reproducible simulator was obtained, consisting of a knee model and an arthroscopic camera. The simulator works adequately adapted to a TV, monitor or computer, and allows the simulation of diagnostic procedures, meniscectomy and meniscoplasty. Conclusion: It is possible to develop a knee arthroscopy simulator, with components available in local and electronic commerce, at a cost of approximately R$ 300.
Impact of the Training of Professionals from São Paulo Public Health System in Phytotherapy Practice
Authors: Haraguchi Linete Maria Menzenga , Sañudo Adriana , Rodrigues Eliana , Cervigni Herbert , Carlini Elisaldo Luiz de Araujo
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Introduction: Following the introduction in 2006 of the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices, and The National Policy on Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines, the Municipal Secretariat for the Environment of the City Hall of Sao Paulo initiated the Medicinal Plants Course, later expanded to The Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines Course for the training of health professionals. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the 2014 and 2015 edition of the course “Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines” on health professional practices. Methods: An exploratory and descriptive study was conducted with a qualitative-quantitative approach. The quantitative process (Phase I) consisted of a questionnaire being emailed to health professionals who were involved in the course, divided into seven categories: biomedical professional, dental surgeon, nurse, pharmacist, physiotherapist, physician and nutritionist; and, out of 165 questionnaires, 114 responses were received (69.1%). The Qualitative and Quantitative process (Phase II), comprised semi-structured, in-person individual interviews to obtain detailed information on Phytotherapy practices, with 73 health professionals being interviewed, before and after the training, comparing their practices afterwards. Results: The course had a positive impact on the acceptance and application of Phytotherapy by health professionals with a significant increase (p<0.001) in the expansion of activities related to Phytotherapy (herbal tea “meetings”, medicinal herb gardens and capacity training), regarding the use of herbal products, such as Matricaria chamomilla (chamomile), Maytenus ilicifolia (espinheira-santa), Valeriana officinalis (valeriana). An increase in the knowledge of Phytotherapy risks was also observed, although there was no increase in the reporting of adverse reactions. The study confirmed the importance of the inclusion of Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines Courses as part of undergraduate and postgraduate school, as well as the technical training and continuing education for SUS health professionals. Conclusion: The positive impact found out in almost all evaluated aspects, such as the increase in the knowledge and in the prescription of herbal medicines, confirms the importance of such courses. The results suggest the training promoted a positive impact on the Phytotherapy practice of the Public Health System professionals in São Paulo.
Teleconsulta: uma Revisão Integrativa da Interação Médico-Paciente Mediada pela Tecnologia
Authors: Catapan Soraia de Camargo , Calvo Maria Cristina Marino
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Medical teleconsultation can apply different technologies to mediate the communication between doctors and patients located in different geographic spaces. Its implementation has been encouraged in several countries, under the assumption of its potential to overcome distances, offering health care in a shorter time, reducing costs and workload. The scarcity of evidence about these allegations, in addition to the need of clarifying the situations in which teleconsultation can be adequate, safe and effective, have generated debates, intensified after the publication of Resolution N. 2.227/2018 by the Federal Council of Medicine, which allowed medical teleconsultation, containing principles and recommendations. This article aims to analyze the international experience of medical teleconsultation, including the media and technologies employed, their use, benefits and limitations, highlighting and associating the controversial points of the resolution recently published by the Federal Council of Medicine. An integrative review of the literature was carried out to identify these experiences from January 2013 to February 2019. Of the 1912 identified references, 42 were analyzed after applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Data collection and analysis indicated that telephone, e-mail, e-consulting systems, video or a combination of those have been used in several countries to mediate the doctor-patient relationship. Its use goes ranges from diagnosis to treatment, monitoring, management and prescription, both in acute and chronic conditions. The main benefits include less demand for face-to-face consultations, with the possibility of doctors’ workload management, allowing systems’ reorganization. Moreover, the teleconsultation allows overcoming distance barriers, in a flexible and convenient way for patients, possibly contributing to continuity of care, patient autonomy and resource savings, in the latter case, when it avoids work absenteeism due to face-to-face consultation. Some limitations of the teleconsultation include the inability to perform the physical examination, so it is not recommended for the first consultation. Technical and communication difficulties for each media, as well as its inadequacy for some groups of patients, are other important barriers. Data security regarding diagnosis and clinical precision, patients’ and professionals’ acceptance and the need for organizational adjustments are also considered limitations of the teleconsultation. The success of the teleconsultation depends on the integration of different organizations and professionals, aiming to maximize its potential and improve service design, encompassing clinical, technical, organizational and context issues. Therefore, it is important to investigate in which contexts, situations and conditions the teleconsultation can be beneficial, safe and effective for patient care, as well as the most appropriate means of communication.
Optimization on process of ripe canistel (Pouteria campechiana) fruit flour based on several quality characteristics
Authors: Pertiwi Sri Rejeki , Nurhalimah Siti , Aminullah A.
Published: March 2020

Abstract Canistel is a high carotenoid fruit which can be converted into gluten-free flour. The objective of the research was to determine the selected soaking and drying processes in ripe canistel fruit flour based on its sensory, phytochemical, as well as physical and chemical characteristics. The research methods consisted of determining sensory and phytochemical characteristics by soaking ripe canistel fruit in NaCl and citric acid solutions as well as determining the physical and chemical characteristics of the flour by various drying temperatures and duration. The results showed that NaCl solution was better to eliminate the bitter taste and maintain the orange color of canistel fruit flour. Furthermore, drying temperature affected moisture, carbohydrate, fiber, starch, and energy contents. However, it did not affect bulk density, protein, fat, ash, sugar, and beta-carotene contents. These data also confirmed that soaking in NaCl solution of 7.5% for 30 minutes followed by drying at 40 °C for 6 hours produced best canistel fruit flour.
Otimização por Page do processo de secagem em leito de espuma para produção de café solúvel
Authors: Silva Gustavo Henrique Souza , Bressani Ana Paula Pereira , Junqueira Mateus da Silva
Published: March 2020

Resumo A expansão da produção de café solúvel é uma alternativa ao consumo do café tradicional, tornando-se necessária para atender às novas exigências dos consumidores que buscam conveniência e praticidade. Diante desse cenário, o estudo de técnicas que simplificam e reduzem custos para a obtenção de café solúvel se torna mais pertinente. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi otimizar o processo de secagem de extrato de café em leito de espuma, por meio do ajuste ao Modelo de Page por regressão não linear. Foram avaliados dois métodos para a concentração do extrato: (A) em evaporador rotativo e (B) em recipiente de inox aberto. A cinética de secagem do extrato de café em leito de espuma sob as temperaturas de 40, 50, 60, 70 e 80 °C foi descrita pelo modelo. Além disso, foi proposta uma equação multivariada para a secagem mediante detecção da influência da temperatura no parâmetro k, do Modelo de Page, e posterior validação dos resultados. O tempo para obtenção do extrato concentrado foi próximo para os dois métodos de concnetração (A: 2 horas e 30 minutos; B: 2 horas e 40 minutos). O modelo de Page apresentou ótimo ajuste com valores de coeficientes de determinação acima de 99%. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, foi confirmado que a temperatura é um fator determinante na velocidade de perda de umidade do produto, apresentando tempos de secagem menores com o aumento da temperatura. A correlação entre os dados experimentais e preditos foi satisfatória para validar os resultados. O modelo matemático também pode auxiliar na correlação dos parâmetros de secagem com alterações físico-químicas e sensoriais do café solúvel, a fim de melhorar os parâmetros tecnológicos.
The effect of fermentation and roasting on free amino acids profile in Criollo cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) grown in Venezuela
Authors: Brunetto María del Rosario , Gallignani Máximo , Orozco Wendy , Clavijo Sabrina , Delgado Yelitza , Ayala Carlos , Zambrano Alexis
Published: March 2020

Abstract The development of cocoa flavor and aroma is a complex phenomenon that depends on how the fermentation and roasting processes are carried out. During fermentation, the formation of some compounds so-called “aroma and flavor precursors” takes place, which are finally expressed during the roasting stage. Therefore, the evaluation of aroma precursors such as the amino acids formed during fermentation is crucial in order to determine the quality of the cocoa. In this context, we developed and validated a method for the study of these compounds in cocoa samples. The amino acids were quantitatively converted into their trimethylsilyl derivatives before their determination by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection. The results were verified performing precision and accuracy studies. The inter and intra assay coefficients of variation (C.V, n = 5) were lower than 4.7% and 4%, respectively. The analytical recoveries (95% to 108% with C.V < 4.2, n = 5) demonstrated the high performance of the extraction procedure. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of the amino acids in 110 samples of Venezuelan Criollo cocoa during the three days of fermentation and roasting (110 °C for 25 min). All samples had an appreciable content of free amino acids ranging between 3.87 and 5.97 g/kg in the absence of fermentation. We observed degradation of the acidic amino acids during the first day of fermentation, while the rest of amino acids increased progressively during the fermentation process with a predominance of the hydrophobic ones, mainly leucine, phenylalanine, valine, alanine and isoleucine. Additionally, during the roasting stage a fraction of the amino acids, especially the hydrophobic ones, was partially degraded through Maillard reaction to form the compounds associated with the cocoa aroma and flavor.
Efeitos da radiação UV-C em alface e maçã minimamente processadas: uma revisão
Authors: Balbinot Filho Clóvis Antônio , Borges Caroline Dellinghausen
Published: March 2020

Resumo A alta procura por alimentos nutritivos e de fácil consumo tem impulsionado o mercado de frutas e hortaliças minimamente processadas (MP). No entanto, estes alimentos têm uma curta vida de prateleira, são marcados pela rápida deterioração. A radiação ultravioleta-C (UV-C) é uma técnica não térmica, limpa e de baixo custo que pode servir como alternativa aos sanitizantes comuns. Porém, a sua baixa penetração em alimentos tem limitado sua aplicação neste ramo da indústria. Objetivou-se revisar o efeito germicida da radiação UV-C em alface e maçã minimamente processados e os possíveis danos às características físicas e sensoriais, além de realizar uma avaliação dos fatores envolvidos nesta técnica. Uma redução de 1 a 2 log UFC/g da microflora natural destes vegetais é facilmente atingida com doses moderadas, para diversos grupos de microrganismos deteriorantes. Uma maior redução nos níveis de patogênicos inoculados, acima de 4 log UFC/g, foi verificada quando doses maiores foram utilizadas. Para a alface MP, a superfície irregular é considerada um limitante, por reduzir o contato entre a radiação e os microrganismos. Essa limitação pode ser superada alterando parâmetros do processo, como distância da fonte emissora e exposição de ambos os lados do vegetal. A cor das folhas foi melhor preservada com emprego de radiação UV-C em doses moderadas. Na maçã MP, alterações indesejáveis, como a intensa perda de massa e o escurecimento pronunciado, estão associadas a um severo dano celular em doses mais elevadas. Tais efeitos puderam ser evitados expondo a fruta por um menor tempo. Em geral, verificou-se boa aceitabilidade de alface e maçã MP tratadas com radiação UV-C. O tipo de fruta ou hortaliça utilizado e a sua topografia exercem grande influência na eficiência da técnica. Não foi possível sugerir uma dosagem adequada para a alface ou a maçã MP, visto que os poucos estudos disponíveis diferem quanto à variedade de alface ou maçã estudada, na forma como os tratamentos foram conduzidos e na dose exposta.
Association between agronomic characters and hay quality of sweet potato branches
Authors: Andrade Júnior Valter C de , Donato Luan Mateus S , Azevedo Alcinei M , Guimarães Amanda G , Brito Orlando G , Oliveira Davi M , Medina Antônio Julio , Silva Lidiane R
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT From the perspective of the use of sweet potato branches for animal feed, there is a lack of information on the influence of this action on hay quality. Therefore, the objective was to study the association of sweet potato yield attributes with chemical-bromatological characteristics of hay. Ten sweet potato clones were evaluated, conducted in randomized blocks with five replications. Green and dry mass yield, dry mass content, leaf and stem ratio, total and commercial root yield, and chemical and bromatological characteristics of hay from the branches were determined. Phenotypic correlation and trial analysis between characteristics were estimated. Selection for the highest yield of roots and commercial roots may provide increased hay of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid and total soluble sugars. However, selection for the highest root yield has a negative effect on the starch content of hay and deserves special attention from the breeder.
Aprendizaje y literacidad fuera de la escuela en la era digital: aproximaciones desde la ruralidad
Authors: Thibaut Patricia , López Margarita Calderón
Published: March 2020

Resumen En el marco de la era digital, el presente estudio explora las prácticas de literacidad de niños fuera de la sala de clases y su conexión con procesos de aprendizaje formal en un contexto rural. Utilizando una perspectiva ecológica y sociocultural, el artículo busca conectar áreas de investigación que frecuentemente se encuentran separadas en la literatura, como lo son los estudios centrados en la escuela y aquellos de aprendizaje informal; así como indagar en un área como es la educación rural que se encuentra sub-estudiada en la literatura. El estudio se sitúa en una localidad rural en Chile. Se utilizó una metodología de estudio de caso múltiple. Los resultados indican una orientación hacia las prácticas de literacidad digital en el hogar, pese a la falta de disponibilidad de tecnologías. Esto contrasta con la existencia de material impreso en los hogares y da cuenta de la importancia de distinguir conceptualmente el acceso y la disponibilidad hacia estos recursos (KALMAN, 2005). Se observa además que las prácticas que llevan a cabo los niños en su día a día son impulsadas por la entretención, la interacción con otros, el juego o el interés en aprender un tema específico. Por último, el análisis indica una discontinuidad con las prácticas de literacidad observadas en la sala de clases.
Euphemisms of Corruption among Students of Higher Institutions in South West Nigeria
Authors: Ojo Olumuyiwa K. , Ayandele Olusola , Egbeleye Sunday A.
Published: March 2020

Corruption is a pervasive practice in Nigeria that is commonly associated with government officials who divert public funds for private use, while minimal attention is paid to acts of corruption in the educational sector. This study, which is part of research on how language is used to drive and conceal corruption in Nigeria, aims at revealing some corrupt practices in Nigerian higher institutions that are concealed because of the euphemistic language used by students to describe and help perpetuate corrupt practices in their relationships with academic and non-academic staff of different institutions. Four institutions of higher education in south-west Nigeria were purposively selected and focus group discussions were conducted with 54 conveniently selected students of these institutions to collect qualitative data on the explanation of linguistic codes derived from the first phase of this study. The findings revealed extensive usage of ‘runs’ as a superordinate code for diverse acts of corruption including: sex for marks, cash for marks, sex/cash for grade alterations, examination malpractice, and the use of fake documents. Parents and guardians need to listen closely to the language of students in higher education for early detection of assimilation and acceptance of corrupt practices as a way of life.
Pressure to Publish Internationally: Scholarly Writing Coming to the Fore
Authors: Raitskaya Lilia , Tikhonova Elena
Published: March 2020

JLE editors touch upon the trends and challenges arising out of the changing landscape of scholarly communication as well as two sets of major problems non-Anglophone researchers face in publishing their research in international English-language journals. Firstly, if not desk rejected, they encounter continuous revisions of their submissions to such journals. Secondly, English as lingua franca of international scholarly communication may lead to some disengagement of national scholarly elites who essentially publish in English and to a wider national scientific community decoupled from English and limited to their native language communication. Given the challenges, the editorial offers a refined and widened JLE scope regarding language- and education-related issues of scholarly written communication.
Rapid Changes in Foreign Language Learning Anxiety Caused by a Multiplicity of Topics: An Idiodynamic Approach
Authors: Saghafi Khatereh , Elahi Shirvan Majid
Published: March 2020

Considering the dynamicnature of foreign language anxiety (FLA), we applied an idiodynamic method to explore topic-based variations of FLA. Before the study was conducted, a class of 20 female intermediate English as foreign language learners were assessed using the foreign language classroom anxiety scale (FLCAS). Two low-anxiety learners and two high-anxiety learners were selected to participate in this study. The idiodynamic method involved videotaping the participants’ responses to four topic-based questions, their self-ratings of fluctuations in FLA while answering the questions, and drawing attributions for topic-based changes in FLA. The results demonstrated both within-individual and between-individual stability and variation in FLA. Linguistic block, topic familiarity, topic interest, and topic-related emotional loading were revealed as the major factors affecting the dynamics of FLA. The pedagogical implications of the findings are discussed.
A Case Study of Vietnamese EFL Teachers’ Conception of Language Output and Interaction
Authors: Nguyen Loi
Published: March 2020

There exists a gap between what second language acquisition research has to say and what teachers do in the classroom. As part of an attempt to bridge this gap, this study is driven by the motive to understand how pedagogical innovations such as task-based language instruction can be influenced by teacher beliefs. Drawing on the perspective of research on teachers’ thinking which aims to inform language teaching pedagogy and teacher education, the study employed multiple data sources (focus group, lesson plan, and stimulated recall interview) to tap into the conception of six Vietnamese EFL instructors regarding language output and interaction. Cross-case analysis showed that most of the teachers geared language output and interaction activities towards achieving a targeted linguistic aim. Further analysis revealed that this view reflects a synthetic, product-oriented conception of teaching and learning by skill-building, and is in line with traditional approaches which emphasise transmission style and form instruction. This finding implies that constructivist perspectives on teaching such as task-based language instruction may run counter to teachers’ existing conception of teaching. The implementation of task-based instruction thus needs to consider negotiating between supporting teachers to focus on meaning and the need for form-focused instruction.
The Relationship Between Burnout and Self-Efficacy among Iranian Male and Female EFL Teachers
Authors: Roohani Ali , Iravani Mehdi
Published: March 2020

Teaching is a job marked by high levels of burnout. Teacher burnout has been extinsively studied in connection with other important psychological qualities, such as perceived self-efficacy. However, little research has examined this relationship among teachers in the English as a foreign language (EFL) context. In this light, this mixed-method study was intended to a) investigate the relationship between the degree of perceived self-efficacy by Iranian EFL teachers and their professional burnout level, and b) see whether gender could make a significant difference in the teachers’ burnout level. To these ends, 80 male and female Iranian EFL teachers from several high schools in Isfahan, selected through convenience sampling, participated in the study and responded to the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator’s Survey (MBI-ES) and a modified version of Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES). To triangulate the data, a semi-structured interview was also conducted with 15 teachers. Correlational and t-test data analysis showed that there was a strong significant correlation between the participants’ perceived self-efficacy and their burnout level in a negative direction. The gender variable also had a modifying effect on the teachers’ burnout. Female teachers, in fact, had a lower burnout level. The follow-up interview further confirmed the relationship and revealed the three main themes of mental fatigue, contact avoidance, and stress in explaining teacher burnout. The implications for school administrators and teacher educators are discussed.
VU Biomolecular Multimodal Imaging Center (BIOMIC) kidney characterization pipeline for tissues collected through the Cooperative Human Tissue Network (CHTN) v3
Authors: Neumann Elizabeth , Allen Jamie , Brewer Maya , Anderson David , De Caestecker Mark , Gutierrez Danielle , Spraggins Jeff
Published: March 2020

We aim to develop high resolution, chemically informative imaginig methodologies for building an atlas of human organs, such as the kidney. Scope: Provide an overview of the methods used by the Vanderbilt Tissue Mapping Center as part of the Human Biomolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP, NIH Common Fund) and contextualize individual protocols within our larger workflow.
Untold Stories: A Study of Sudanese and Syrian Refugees in Estonia
Authors: Islam Aminul
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to explore the coping resources and the present and past experiences of two groups with refugee experiences in Estonia through narrative approach. Avert narratives, Struggling narratives, Instantaneous narratives, Boundary narratives, and Re-occurrence narratives identified through the interviews with 12 refugees. Differences between this two groups and individual accounts were also identified. The structure of the narratives, identity construction while in exile and coping mechanism through the narratives shaped their life stories and lives in exile. One significant outcome of this study is the lack of compatibility of the stories between two groups, through which five narratives established to elaborate the variety of their accounts.
Liberating Bicycles in Niki Caro’s Whale Rider and in Haifaa Al Mansour’s Wadjda
Authors: Hambuch Doris
Published: March 2020

Susan B. Anthony declared in 1896 that the bicycle “has done more to emancipate women than anything else in the world.” The comparative study of Whale Rider (2002) and Wadjda (2012) demonstrates that this liberating effect of the basic tool of transportation is being reinforced in the new millennium. The analysis further situates two contemporary women filmmakers, Niki Caro from New Zealand and Haifaa Al Mansour from Saudi Arabia, within the growing global network Patricia White identifies, in Women’s Cinema, World Cinema (2015), as crucial for the improvement of female directors’ conditions in a global film industry.
Psychology of road stress and aggressive behavior according to modern foreign studies
Authors: Petrov V.E. , Kokurin A.V. , Nazarova A.Y.
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of foreign psychological approaches to the phenomenology of road stress and aggressive behavior. The psychological essence of the concepts of “road stress”, “road anger / rage” is discussed. Dangerous driving is considered inextricably linked to road stress. Aggression when driving a vehicle is positioned as a personal characteristic and as a stressful reaction to the current road situation. The point of view of foreign experts on the psychological causes of the existence of road stress in the form of anger is investigated. Systematized approaches to the prevention of road stress. The material of the article allows to increase the psychological culture of drivers, and also acts as an informational and analytical base for scientific research in the field of psychology of road safety, the development of applied issues to overcome stress and aggression when driving a vehicle.
Psychological and psychosomatic risk factors of suicidal intentions in adolescents
Authors: Khramov E.V.
Published: March 2020

The article presents an overview of modern foreign studies, which aim to study the psychological, somatic and psychosomatic risks of suicidal behavior of adolescents, and, as an empirical illustration, results of the study of psychological and psychosomatic correlates of adolescent depression and suicidality. A rather extensive list of risk factors for suicide, described in foreign literature, was reduced to four classes: somatic (psychosomatic), intrapsychological, socio-psychological, behavioral. It has been shown that the greatest association with suicidal intentions and attempts belongs to depressive states, however, this association, in most cases, is mediated by other predictors of the risk of a suicide. The results of the empirical study described the main psychosomatic dysfunctions in adolescents’ suicides, usually accompanied by asthenic states.
ON THE USEFULNESS OF HTML META ELEMENTS FOR WEB RETRIEVAL
Authors: ARSLAN Ahmet
Published: March 2020

Web retrieval studies have mostly used URL, title, body, and anchor text fields to represent Web documents. On the other hand, HTML standards provide a rich set of elements to define different parts of a Web page. For example, meta elements are used to provide structured metadata about a Web page not to end users, but instead to browsers or crawlers. However, it is unclear whether meta tags are or are not useful for Web retrieval, as most of the previous studies leveraged URL, title, body, and anchor text fields. In this work, we examine the usefulness of two meta tags, namely keywords and description, based on ad-hoc tasks of previous TREC studies. Through experiments on the standard TREC Web datasets and several query sets, our results using the state-of-the-art term-weighting models show that the utilization of description field systematically increases the retrieval effectiveness, to a statistically significant degree most of the time. By contrast, the employment of keywords field may cause a significant deterioration in retrieval effectiveness for certain term-weighting models.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CRYOGENIC TREATMENTS ON DRILLING PERFORMANCE OF HSS DRILLS
Authors: AVCI Simge , SOYUSİNMEZ Tuğrul , ERTUĞRUL Onur
Published: March 2020

Cryogenic
processing is a heat treatment which has been widely used in recent years to
improve the properties of tool materials. This process has been reported in the
literature as it provides significant contributions to wear resistance and tool
life of tool steels. This study presents the differences in tool performance
between untreated and cryogenically treated M2 high speed steel (HSS) drill
bits in terms of their tool wear, tool life, hardness and chip formation
properties. Also, the effects of two different tempering temperatures (200 oC
and 250 oC) in cryogenic treatment on tool performance are
discussed. Drilling performances were studied on different workpieces of SAE
1050, lamellar cast iron and sphero cast iron, and the type of wear is
characterized by a high resolution camera. Moreover, fracture tests were
performed on a steel workpiece using a constant drilling speed of 1100 m/min and a feed rate
of 0.5mm/rev. The microstructures of the samples were characterized using
optical microscopy and SEM. The Vickers micro-hardness tests of the samples
were performed using 100 g
load. Microstructural studies showed that cryogenically treated samples exhibit
better microstructure with ﬁner and more
homogeneous carbides which yields better tool wear and hardness properties. In
paralel, cryogenically treated drills showed improved tool life than untreated
drills during fracture tests. When tempering temperatures are compared,
tempering at 250 °C resulted in better performance than 200 °C of tempering
temperature. Also, the reduction in diameter values during drilling tests were
consistent with the tool life tests.
Estrategia Para Ejercer Un Mejor Control Fiscal En Los Contratos Estatales Con Aplicación Al Control Previo
Authors: Gonzalez Vasquez Freddy Jose , Fernandez Kettyl Jorge Luis
Published: March 2020

El estado nos proporciona recursos públicos con una destinación para aplicar como una fuente de inversión al desarrollo, contribución, progreso y un sostenimiento a la nación, es llevar un orden en el ciclo y un propósito de mantener estable un buen control fiscal. Los procesos contractuales del estado tienen un fin específico que es el de velar, el de cumplir, el de satisfacer el interés público de las necesidades de la comunidad de manera colectiva, por tal motivo cuando el mal uso de los recursos este se vea afectado, este perjudica los derechos y la prosperidad en general como un fin esencial del estado, conmoviendo el compromiso adquirido como dice la Constitución. Unos de los grandes inconvenientes o dificultades en Colombia es las debilidades del control fiscal en materia de inversiones en los recursos públicos, dicho proceso no se puede realizar en la etapa precontractual, lo cual garantizaría ser un mecanismo efectivo de control que permitiera visualizar antes del perfeccionamiento del contrato, evitando una mala ejecución del contrato, desvío de presupuesto, conductas irregulares y exposición de delitos por parte de los ordenadores de gasto.
A New Compound Version of the Generalized Lomax Distribution for Modeling Failure and Service Times
Authors: Ansari S. , H. Rezk , Yousof Haitham
Published: March 2020

The main goal of this article is to introduce a new extension of the continuous Lomax distribution with a strong physical motivation. Some of its statistical properties such as moments, incomplete moments, moment generating function, quantile function, random number generation, quantile spread ordering and moment of the reversed residual life are derived. Two applications are provided to illustrate the importance and flexibility of the new model.
Transmuted Probability Distributions: A Review
Authors: Rahman Md. Mahabubur , Al-Zahrani Bander , Shahbaz Saman Hanif , Shahbaz Muhammad Qaiser
Published: March 2020

Transmutation is the functional composition of the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of one distribution with the inverse cumulative distribution function (quantile function) of another. Shaw and Buckley(2007), first apply this concept and introduced quadratic transmuted family of distributions. In this article, we have presented a review about the transmuted families of distributions. We have also listed the transmuted distributions, available in the literature along with some concluding remarks.
Clinical and pathological correlation in benign breast diseases in women
Authors: Kapoor Bhavuk , Vaid Parul , Kapoor Mayank , Kapoor Bharat B. , Kapoor Sharda
Published: March 2020

Background: Benign breast diseases are a common problem presenting in a day to day surgical practice. A combination of three tests i.e. clinical examination, radiological imaging and pathological examination is commonly used to accurately diagnose breast diseases. This study was aimed to know the clinico-pathological correlation in diagnosing benign breast diseases in women.Methods: A study of 30 female patients of benign breast disease was conducted by clinical examination and comparing its accuracy with the pathological findings.Results: The highest incidence of benign breast diseases was in the age group of 30-39 years (33.3%). The most common presenting symptom was lump (53.3%) in the breast. The most common quadrant involved was the upper outer quadrant (60%). Fibroadenoma (53.3%) was the most common lesion in this study. The clinical examination in cases of fibroadenoma had sensitivity and specificity of 87.5 % and 92.8% respectively. In cases of fibrocystic disease, clinical examination had sensitivity and specificity of 85.7 % and 91.3% respectively.Conclusions: Overall clinical breast examination had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 98% in this study. Hence, combination of all three diagnostic modalities i.e. clinical, radiological and pathological examination should be used. But in rural areas where radiological and pathological facilities are not available, clinical examination can also give us a fair amount of idea in diagnosing benign breast diseases.
Comparing the number of attempts required for complete nuclear chop using calibrated and conventional phacotip
Authors: Shekhar Swetank , Malik Praveen , Kumar Amrendra , Singh Ravindra
Published: March 2020

Background: Phacoemulsification is a state of art technique with a steep learning curve the configuration of the phacotip affects the efficacy and execution of the nuclear chopping techniques. Inadequate penetration of phacotip may result in partial thickness nuclear cleavage with residual posterior plane and over enthusiastic penetration may result in posterior capsule rupture. This may be avoided if some estimate can be made preoperatively of the depth of penetration required to achieve full thickness crack.Methods: A total of 60 eyes of 60 patients with age related cataract with grade 4.0 to 6.9 (LOCS III) fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study after written informed consent. They were divided into two groups A and B with 30 patients each randomly using envelope method and were operated using conventional and calibrated phacotips respectively and the number of attempts required to achieve complete nuclear chop was noted.Results: In group A, vertical chop was safely and effectively done is 23 patients in just one attempt while it took 2 attempts in 6 patients and 3 attempts in 1 patient. In group B, it took just one attempt in 26 patients while 2 attempts were required in 4 patients. The two groups were comparable (p value 0.453) and was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: With the use of a calibrated phacotip, the surgeon already knows to what depth he has to penetrate the tip into the center of nucleus depending upon the grade of cataract which results in safe and effective chop in minimum attempts where as in the conventional phacotip, it is more of a blind process. Hence the calibrated phacotip has taken the guess work out of question.
Agreements in clinical studies at German university clinics
Authors: Ahmed Raees , Voigt Thomas , Siegert Matthias , Gerst Christoph
Published: March 2020

The article aims to give an overview of the contractual situation in Germany, which arise in clinical studies. The goal of the authors is to show any potential sponsor of a clinical study, who is interested in cooperation with German partners such as universities or other study sites, what kind of agreements may be expected and to give a brief overview about necessary themes included within the contractual negotiations. The different contractual settings are considered from the perspective each different type of agreement. The authors have chosen amongst all possible types the ones which are the most common in a clinical study, such as CDA, MTA, grant agreement, clinical study agreement, CRO-service agreement etc. The authors show the complexity of the contractual setting of a clinical study and emphasize to pay close attention to the contractual settings. Even though the content of the agreement is mostly universal in nature, in some cases, Germany has some very special rules (e.g. regarding employees’ inventions), which any potential sponsor should keep in mind.
КОНТРОЛЬ ДЕФЕКТНОСТИ ИЗОЛЯЦИИ ОБМОТОЧНЫХ ПРОВОДОВ – ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС ПОВЫШЕНИЯ НАДЁЖНОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРОДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ ГОРНОДОБЫВАЮЩЕЙ, СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ И ИНЫХ СФЕР ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Смирнов Геннадий Васильевич
Published: March 2020

Актуальность работы. Такие сферы деятельности людей, как геологическая разведка, добыча, перевозка и переработка добытого сырья используют средства механизации и автоматизации c применением разных типов электрических приводов. Показатели надежности этих устройств определяются качеством изоляции обмоточных проводов. В связи с этим создание эффективных средств контроля эмалевой изоляции проводов, улучшение качества этой изоляции, устранение технологических причин возникновения в ней дефектов являются востребованными и злободневными. Цель: исследование влияния параметров измерителя дефектности, режимов процесса контроля и протекающих в первичном преобразователе дефектов газоразрядных процессов на точность измерения геометрических размеров дефектов в изоляции проводов. Методы: осциллографический, микрометрический, теория планирования экспериментов, методы корреляционных оценок между параметрами контроля и регрессионный анализ. Результаты. Выявлены и изложены закономерности возникновения систематической погрешности измерения протяженности дефектов при контроле изоляции обмоточных проводов в процессе намотки обмоток измерителем дефектности, использующим в качестве первичного преобразователя дефектов газоразрядный датчик. Показано, что основное влияние на величину указанной погрешности оказывают два фактора: напряжение контроля U на газоразрядном датчике дефектов и постоянная времени τ= RC разрядной цепи датчика. C использованием корреляционного и регрессионного анализов построена адекватная модель систематической погрешности и установлено, что скорость движения провода не оказывает существенного влияния на величину этой погрешности. C применением теории планирования экспериментов получено адекватное уравнение зависимости систематической погрешности от параметров контроля. Показано практическое применение установленных закономерностей для повышения точности контроля протяженности дефектов в изоляции провода в измерителях дефектности c газоразрядным датчиком.
Interdisciplinary block of learning challenges
Authors: Damy Abelardo , Plascencia Maria Guadalupe Lomeli
Published: March 2020

The Block of Sciences is a project that includes the contents of Differential and Integral Calculus and Mechanics around learning challenges that students solve along the semester. It becomes evident the development of not only disciplinary but also transversal competencies, so that students learn the contents and solve the challenges. In the concerning to the teaching work, there exist changes due to the fact that a very close communication among the team members during the full semester is necessary. The professor's role in a subject transforms into a learning facilitator or guide in order to create an appropriate environment to produce a better and more meaningful learning. In addition, there is a supervising professor for the challenges, who supports the students through all the process. With respect to the students, they have a key and active role, and as a consequence, they get a more significant learning.
Keywords: Competencies, educational innovation, multidisciplinary blocks, teamwork, Tec21.