bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A conceptual framework to facilitate clinical judgement in nursing: A methodological perspective
Authors: Van Graan Anna C. , Williams Martha J.S.
Published: April 2018

The South African health care and education systems are challenged to provide independent, critical thinking nurses who can cope with diversity in a creative way and define their role in a complex, uncertain, rapidly changing health care environment. Quality clinical judgement is an imperative characteristic that newly qualified professional nurses should possess. To accommodate these needs, SANC in line with the SAQA Act, advocated the development of teaching and learning strategies to balance theory and practice opportunities together with an outcome-based, student centred approach and appropriate clinical supervision. This resulted in a positive outcome to facilitate the integration/fusion of theory and practice. The purpose of this study was to synthesise a teaching–learning strategy for creating an enabling learning environment to facilitate clinical judgement in South African undergraduate nursing students. The proposed teaching–learning strategyis grounded in modern-day constructivist approach of learning. The conceptual or theoretical framework of this study aimed to link the central concepts that were identified from the conclusions of four (4) strategic objectives of the two preceding phases of the study into a new structure of meaning that served as a basis for the proposed strategy. The implementation of the proposed action plan to achieve the stated strategic objectives should empower the relevant role players to facilitate clinical judgement in undergraduate nursing students and thereby promote autonomous and accountable nursing care.
e-Learning readiness amongst nursing students at the Durban University of Technology
Authors: Coopasami Marilynne , Knight Stephen , Pete Mari
Published: April 2018

e-Learning and other innovative open learning multimedia modalities of delivering education are being introduced to enhance learning opportunities and facilitate student access to and success in education. This article reports on a study that assessed students' readiness to make the shift from traditional learning to the technological culture of e-Learning at a university in Durban. A quasi-experimental study design was employed to assess such readiness in first year nursing students before and after an appropriate educational intervention. A modified Chapnick Readiness Score was used to measure their psychological, equipment and technological readiness for the change in learning method. It was found that, while students' psychological readiness for e-Learning was high, they lacked technological and equipment readiness. Although e-Learning could be used in nursing education, technological and equipment readiness require attention before it can be implemented effectively in this institution. Fortunately, these technical aspects are easier to resolve than improving psychological readiness.
Young families become mindful of their possibilities through the appreciation of their family life
Authors: Poggenpoel Marie , Jacobs Frieda E. , Myburgh Chris P.H. , Temane Annie M.
Published: April 2018

Young families, as viewed through a multi-generational lens, provide the environment in which children can be nurtured and socialised. The purpose of the research is to explore and describe how the parents and grandparents of young families appreciate their family life. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual multiple case study design was used to conduct the study. Purposive sampling methods were applied to select families according to the sampling criteria, each family representing an individual case study. Appreciative inquiry interviews were conducted with the young parents and available grandparents, during which the participants were asked four open-ended questions. Data collection was enriched by means of reflective letters to participants, collages created by the young parents, and the researcher's field notes and journal inscriptions. The data collected from each individual case study was analysed and then synthesised by means of a cross-case analysis. A cross-case validation report was compiled. The themes and categories that emerged from the data were discussed. The research study concluded that when young families embarked on a journey of discovering their strengths and potential in the larger family system, they creatively envision and discovered the possibilities to transform their destiny in a purposeful and constructive way.
The conceptualization of family care during critical illness in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: De Beer J. , Brysiewicz P.
Published: April 2018

Introduction: In recent years there has been a movement to promote patients as partners in their care; however this may not always be possible as in the case of critically ill patients, who are often sedated and mechanically ventilated. This results in family members being involved in the care of the patient. To date, this type of care has been represented by three dominant theoretical conceptualizations and frameworks one of which is family centered care; however there is a lack of consensus on the definition of family centered care. Hence the objective of this study was to explore the meaning of family care within a South African context.Methodology: This study adopted a qualitative approach and a grounded theory research design by Strauss and Corbin (1990). Participants from two hospitals: one private and one public were selected to participate in the study. There was a total of 31 participants (family members, intensive care nurses and doctors) who volunteered to participate in the study.Data collection included in-depth individual interviews. Open, axial and selective coding was conducted to analyse data. Nvivo data analysis software was used to assist with the data analysis.Findings: The findings of this study revealed that family care is conceptualized as togetherness, partnership, respect and dignity.Conclusion: During a critical illness, patients' families fulfil an additional essential role for patients who may be unconscious or unable to communicate or make decisions. FMs not only provide vital support to their loved one, but also become the “voice” of the patient.
Experiences of South African multiparous labouring women using the birthing ball to encourage vaginal births
Authors: James Sindiwe , Hudek Melissa
Published: April 2018

The article explores the experiences of South African multiparous labouring women on their use of the birthing ball during the first stage of labour. The authors used a qualitative research approach using unstructured audiotaped interviews as the data collection method and data were collected over a period of one calendar month. The sample for the study were women who were six hours to six weeks post-delivery, had at least one child already, used the birthing ball, were on no medication, and had delivered a live infant. The sample consisted of twelve purposively selected participants, two of whom were used for the pilot study. The data analysis method was Data Analysis Spiral. The authors made use of an independent coder to assist with coding the data and three major themes were identified. The results revealed that the labouring women experienced the birthing ball as a useful labour tool, as shortening the labour process and as empowering them during labour.
The motivational needs of primary health care nurses to acquire power as leaders in a mine clinic setting
Authors: Jooste Karien , Hamani Mida
Published: April 2018

Motivation is a process that influences and directs behaviour in order to satisfy a need. It links with goal 3 of the sustainable development goals that focus on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being at all ages. Motivation of nurses is important in the primary health care environment of, for instance, mine settings; since low levels of motivation among Primary Health Care (PHC) nurses could have a negative effect on the achievement of high standards in health service delivery. The study was conducted within the theoretical framework of McClelland's Acquired Motivation Theory which consists of three basic needs, – the need for achievement, the need for power, and the need for affiliation. One of the research questions posed was “What are the motivational needs of PHC nurses to acquire power in the workplace at mine clinic settings?” A quantitative, explorative, descriptive design was followed. The accessible population in this study was PHC nurses (N = 30) working at 13 mine clinics, that also served as the total sample. A 7 point Likert scale was used in a self-administered structured questionnaire that was developed from a literature review. Ethical considerations were adhered to and respondents gave written informed consent. Data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. TheManne Whitney test compared the mean ranks and a p-value of p < 0.05 was indicative of a significant difference between male and female groups. Validity and reliability principles were applied during the entire research process. The results indicated that PHC nurses needed acknowledgement, organisational responsibility, strategic planning and promotion, as well as support. Significant differences between gender were not found in relation to the need to acquire power.
A creative analysis of the role of practice development facilitators in a critical care environment
Authors: Heyns Tanya , Botma Yvonne , Van Rensburg Gisela
Published: April 2018

Practice development focuses on methods to address the quality of care and advance healthcare practices. The role of practice development facilitators to address challenges of delivering evidence-based person-centred care in the critical care environment was determined by using a nominal group technique. Eleven participants from public and private healthcare services reached consensus on seven clusters: theory-practice application, facilitation of learning, increasing collaboration, effective communication, facilitation of change, time management and role modelling. The clusters were visually represented as a hot air balloon. Competence as facilitators is of vital importance to ensure knowledge translation with the aim to improve quality.
Change in patient nutritional knowledge following coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Van Rooy L. , Coopoo Yoga
Published: April 2018

Introduction: In order to reduce coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, moderate physical activity should be combined with other lifestyle modifications, such as proper nutrition, to have a dramatic impact. This necessitates educational and preventative measures, which should begin in childhood and continue throughout life.Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the change in nutrition knowledge of coronary artery bypass graft patients by implementation of a lifestyle intervention programme.Methods: The Hawkes andNowak Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (1998) was administered to 18 coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients to assess the change in nutrition knowledge.Results: Significant improvements were noted in the nutrition knowledge score (18.9 ± 3.4–23.2 ± 4.5; p = 0.000). Although all components measured exhibited improvements in knowledge, cholesterol reduction knowledge (5.3 ± 1.8–7.2 ± 1.8; p = 0.0066), low fat food knowledge (3.8 ± 2.3–5.1 ± 2.7; p = 0.011) and high fibre food knowledge (4.1 ± 1.4–4.7 ± 1.1;p = 0.022) exhibited the highest and most significant improvements.Conclusion: Notably, these significant improvements in nutrition knowledge points toward effective education being delivered during the intervention. Cardiac rehabilitation has proved to be effective in changing lifestyle habits in a holistic way and this study further shows an improvement in nutritional knowledge based on sound educational principles.
Exploring the stigma related experiences of family members of persons with mental illness in a selected community in the iLembe district, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Nxumalo Celenkosini T. , Mchunu Gugu G.
Published: April 2018

Background: Stigma in mental illness is a serious social problem which has a multitude of consequences on the individual concerned, as well as his or her family. Research has shown that families of persons living with mental illnesses are often subjected to stigma by virtue of their association with such a person. The stigma of families is seen in the form of assignment of blame, social isolation and rejection. This stigma subsequently perpetuates a cycle of disability on the part of the patient and family.Purpose: To explore the stigma related experiences of family members of persons with mental illness in a selected community in the iLembe district of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), in order to develop recommendations to help families cope with such stigma.Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study; data was collected from a purposive sample of six family members, which resulted in data saturation. Semi-structured interview questions were used during data collection and content analysis using Creswell's (2009) method was done to analyse the data; resulting in the formation of themes and sub-themes which were supported by the participants' responses and existing literature.Results: Participants reported experiencing stigma from the community in the form of isolation, blame and exploitation, community neglect, as well as labelling and stereotyping. The majority of the participants reported using emotion-focused coping mechanisms to deal with the stigma they faced. Participants suggested that education of communities regarding the myths and facts about mental illness may help to curb the stigma faced by the family members of persons with mental illness.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was recommended that a combination of coping strategies, together with the integration of public and private sector support, be used to holistically deal with family related stigma. It was found that ground level education and support to families is the key to curbing family related stigma of mental illness, local NGO's and the clinics would be instrumental in this area.
Acknowledgement to reviewers
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: April 2018

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Etude des variations de taux de quelques constituants azotés du sérum et de leurs rapports, chez l’Agneau de la naissance à six mois
Authors: Charton André , Bernard C. , Gueslin M. , Faye P. , Hervy A.
Published: April 2018

Au cours de la croissance chez l’agneau, le taux des protéines totales du sérum varie peu.

Par contre, le taux des sérum-globulines, en moyenne très élevé dès le premier jour, diminue jusqu’au deuxième mois, puis remonte progressivement, pour rejoindre au 6e mois le taux moyen de l’adulte. Le taux des sérum-albumines varie en sens inverse : égal à celui de l’adulte dans les premiers jours, il s’élève, reste maximum de la deuxième quinzaine à la fin du deuxième mois, puis diminue ; au cours de cette période, le rapport sérum-albumines/sérum-globu-lines dépasse le double du rapport moyen que l’on peut mesurer chez l’adulte.
Recherches sur l’activité anticancéreuse d’un nouvel agent alcoylant de synthèse, le trenimon
Authors: Jacquet Jean
Published: April 2018

L’isolement d’une souche virulente de leptospire appartenant au sérogroupe australis chez un Erinaceus europaeus corrobore des évidences sérologiques homologues chez des vaches apparemment saines et leurs veaux atteints de diarrhée grave dans une ferme du Loiret. Des lésions importantes de dégénérescence hépatique, des pneumopathies, des hémorrhagies sur tout l’arbre urinaire, une hypertrophie de la rate sont observés sur les veaux ayant succombé. Les incidences brucellose, vibriose, coxiella burnetti et fièvre Q 18 étant écartées, l’hypothèse d’un processus d’infection leptospirienne transplacentaire est émise. Un traitement spécifique, qui s’est avéré efficace, est indiqué.
Particules d’aspect viral dans les cellules du lymphosarcome du chien
Authors: Seman G. , Proenca G. , Guillon J.-C. , Moraillon Robert
Published: April 2018

Dans le tissu ganglionnaire de deux chiens atteints de lymphosarcome, il a été trouvé des particules rappelant les virus des leucémies murines.
Détermination de l’activité «in vitro» de certains antiseptiques sur le virus de la rhino-pneumonie du cheval
Authors: Fontaine M.-P. , Fontaine M. , Moraillon A. , Moraillon Robert , Brion Abel
Published: April 2018

Sept antiseptiques ont été éprouvés quant à leur pouvoir virulicide, à différentes concentrations, sur le virus de la rhino-pneumonie. Ce pouvoir a été apprécié par inoculation au hamster de 4-5 semaines de virus Kentucky Ky-B mis en suspension dans les solutions antiseptiques. Les plus actives sont le teepol, le crésyl et la chloramine T (limite de concentration efficace 1 à 2 p. 1.000).

Il y a lieu de tenir compte de ces indications pour le choix des solutions désinfectantes à appliquer sur les animaux ou sur les objets et parois des locaux infectés où suspects.
Notes sur la pathologie spontanée du chien de laboratoire. 7e note : Léiomyome de la vésicule biliaire
Authors: Vérine H.
Published: April 2018

Description, chez le chien, d’un cas de léiomyome de la vésicule biliaire découvert au cours d’une expérience ; existence d’une lithiase associée. La discussion porte sur l’utilisation du chien en Chirurgie Expérimentale et sur les possibilités de la Chirurgie Canine : diagnostic par cholangiographie puis laparotomie exploratrice, traitement par ablation.
Aggregated particles caused by instrument artifact
Authors: Pierce Ashley M. , Loría-Salazar S. Marcela , Arnott W. Patrick , Edwards Grant C. , Miller Matthieu B. , Gustin Mae S.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Previous studies have indicated that superaggregates, clusters of aggregates
of soot primary particles, can be formed in large-scale turbulent fires. Due
to lower effective densities, higher porosity, and lower aerodynamic
diameters, superaggregates may pass through inlets designed to remove
particles < 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5).
Ambient particulate matter samples were collected at Peavine Peak, NV, USA
(2515 m) northwest of Reno, NV, USA from June to November 2014. The
Teledyne Advanced Pollution Instrumentation (TAPI) 602 BetaPlus
particulate monitor was used to collect PM2.5 on two filter types.
During this time, aggregated particles > 2.5 µm in aerodynamic
diameter were collected on 36 out of 158 sample days. On preliminary
analysis, it was thought that these aggregated particles were
superaggregates, depositing past PM10 (particles
< 10 µm in aerodynamic diameter) pre-impactors and
PM2.5 cyclones. However, further analysis revealed that these
aggregated particles were dissimilar to superaggregates observed in previous
studies, both in morphology and in elemental composition. To determine if the
aggregated particles were superaggregates or an instrument artifact, samples
were investigated for the presence of certain elements, the occurrence of
fires, high relative humidity and wind speeds, as well as the use of
generators on site. Samples with aggregated particles, referred to as
aggregates, were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope for size and
shape and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used for elemental
analysis. It was determined, based on the high amounts of aluminum present in the
aggregate samples, that a sampling artifact associated with the sample inlet
and prolonged, high wind events was the probable reason for the observed
aggregates.
Breeze effects at a large artificial lake: summer case study
Authors: Iakunin Maksim , Salgado Rui , Potes Miguel
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Natural lakes and big artificial reservoirs could affect the weather regime of surrounding areas but usually it is difficult to track all aspects of this impact and evaluate its magnitude. Alqueva reservoir, the largest artificial lakes in Western Europe located on the South-East of Portugal, was filled in 2004. This makes it a large laboratory and allows to study the changes in hydrological and geological structures and how they affect the weather in the region. This paper is focused on a case study of the 3 days period of 22–24 July 2014. In order to quantify the breeze effects induced by Alqueva reservoir two simulations with the mesoscale atmospheric model Meso-NH coupled to FLake freshwater lake scheme has been done. The principal difference of this two simulations is in the presence of the reservoir in the input surface data. Comparing two simulations datasets: with and without reservoir, net results of the lake impact were obtained. Magnitude of the impact on the air temperature, relative humidity, and other atmospheric parameters is shown. Clear effect of a lake breeze (5–7 m/s) can be observed during the daytime on the distances up to 6 km away from the shores and up to 300 m over the lake surface. Breeze system starts to form at 9:00 UTC and dissipates at 18:00–19:00 UTC with the arrival of major Atlantic breeze system. It induces specific air circulation that captures the dry air from the upper atmosphere (2–2.5 km) which follows the downstream and redistributes over the lake. It is also shown that the although the impact can be relatively intensive, its area is limited by several kilometers away from the lake borders.
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) - the content of bioactive compounds
Authors: Lenková Marianna , Bystrická Judita , Chlebo Peter , Kovarovič Ján
Published: April 2018

Genus Allium belongs to the family Alliaceae, which contains more than 600 species. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is the most popular food ingredient widely used all over the world. During the last few decades, garlic has received tremendous attention for their wide range of therapeutic properties and great health benefits. Garlic has possessed antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, antioxidant, anticholesteremic, anti-cancerous, and vasodilator characteristics. In this work the total polyphenols content, total sulfur content and antioxidant activity was compared and evaluated in four studied varieties of garlic (Mojmír, Lukan, Záhorský and Makoi). The analyzed samples of garlic were collected at the stage of full maturity in the area Bardejov. The total polyphenols content was measured using the spectrophotometric method of Folin-Ciocalteu agents. The total polyphenols content in studied varieties of garlic were determined in the range 612.23 mg.kg-1 (Mojmír) to 566.01 mg.kg-1 (Lukan). The total polyphenols content in garlic can be arranged as follows: Mojmír >Makoi >Záhorský >Lukan. The determination of the total sulfur content is based on dry combustion in the presence of oxygen and allows for the quantitative conversion of sulfur to SO2. Statistically significant highest level of total sulfur content was recorded in 0.638% (Mojmír) and the lowest level was in 0.421% (Makoi). According to determined values of total sulfur content the studied varieties of garlic can be arranged in the following order: Mojmír >Lukan >Záhorský >Makoi. Antioxidant activity was determined by the spectrophotometric method using a compound DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl). The highest value of antioxidant activity was measured in Mojmír (15.24%). The lowest level was observed in Makoi (11.73%). The antioxidant activity in garlic declined in the following order: Mojmír >Lukan >Záhorský >Makoi. In all studied samples of garlic was confirmed by the strong dependence of the total polyphenols content, total sulfur content and antioxidant activity.
Physico-chemical study of flavonoids from different matureness corn silk material
Authors: Li Peng , Lapčí­k Lubomir , Lapčí­ková Barbora , Kalytchuk Sergii
Published: April 2018

There was tested a simple extraction procedure of flavonoids separation from the original corn silk (CS) material. It was found, that the total flavonoids content differs with the extraction time and extraction temperature. There were found different flavonoids contents in extracts prepared from different maturity stages of the original corn silk material (silking stage (CS-S), milky stage (CS-M)). Extracted flavonoids content was quantified by the lutin standardization method by means of colorimetry at 510 nm wavelength. Obsreved flavonoids concentration was ranging from 2×10-3 mg.mL-1 to 7 ×10-3 mg.mL-1 dependent on the extraction time period and extraction temperature. The highest flavonoids concentration of 7.5×10-3 mg.mL-1 was found for CS-M after 20 minutes extraction time and 80  °C extraction temperature. There was confirmed the presence of flavonoids by fluorescence mapping experiments. There was found a typical multistep decomposition process for both CS-S and CS-M materials by TG analysis. There was found a melting temperature of flavonoids of 54.3 °C for corn silk silking stage material exhibiting 58.9 J.g-1 heat of fusion and 60.2 °C for corn silk milky stage material with 112.9 J.g-1 heat of fusion. The optimal conditions of corn silk flavonoids extraction were 40 ℃, 50 minutes for CS-S, the optimal flavonoids extraction content was (6.8 ±2.1)×10-3 mg.mL-1, 80℃, 20 minutes for CS-M and the optimal extraction content was (7.2 ±0.3)×10-3 mg.mL-1.
Thermal aging of edible oils: spectrophotometric study
Authors: Lapčí­ková Barbora , Valenta Tomáš , Lapčí­k Lubomir , Fuksová Martina
Published: April 2018

The aim of the present study was to determine the spectrophotometric and thermal aging properties of various edible oils (olive, peanut, rapeseed, soybean and sunflower oils) which are commonly available in the Czech market. The samples were measured by UV/VIS absorption spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. Detected substances of UV/VIS spectra were compared to expected oil composition; the highest absorbance values were detected in a wavelength range 300-550 nm which can be related to the presence of unsaturated fatty acids. The mixtures of oils were characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy; the individual oils were successfully distinguished according to their excitation-emission profiles. This method was also used to detect the samples of adulterated oils, i.e., the adulteration of high-quality oils with soybean oil. From a physicochemical point of view, the influence of temperature on the compounds of extra virgin olive oil was examined by thermal stress simulation. This thermal aging analysis demonstrated that the amount of oxidation products in olive oil increased during the heating whereas the chlorophyll content decreased. The results showed the ability of the techniques used, UV/VIS absorption spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopy, to characterize the quality and composition of oils, and to distinguish individual oils in blends. UV/VIS spectrometry was also successfully employed for the evaluation of olive oil qualitative parameters according to the standard quality parameters by the "International Olive Council" (EEC 702/2007).
Sauvignon wine quality as affected by its processing and storage
Authors: Fikselova Martina , Czako Peter , Gažo Ján , Mendelová Andrea , Mellen Martin
Published: April 2018

The colour and limpidity are the first sensory attributes of wines that are appreciated by consumers, predisposing their acceptance or rejection. The aim of this work was to monitor the effect of harvest, processing (different clarification and treatment of must) and storage on the quality of Sauvignon wine. The wines were stored for two years in the wine cellar at 12°C and 70 % of humidity, in the bottles. The acid content, residual sugar and alcohol content among chemical parameters and sensory profile of wines were observed. Sensory quality of wines was evaluated by the aromatic profile (profile method). Based on acquired results, two years of wine storage significantly affected the total acid content of wines and alcohol content. Different treatments of must affected residual sugars, the variant with the maximum dose of the clarification preparation (highly pure cellulose, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, gelatin and mineral adsorbents) showed statistically the highest content of residual sugars. From the sensory point of view, sensory profiles of wines were different compared to the first and second harvest of grape, sensory profiles of wines were changed also after two years of storage. The fourth variant appeared to be the best stable, treated with the addition of clarification preparation at the dose of 30 g. 100 L-1 must. Because from the same variety Sauvignon were produced wines of different chemical and sensory qualities, some gastronomy recommendations were done as well.
Antioxidant, compositional evaluation and blood pressure modulating potentials of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.), Viscum album (L.) and Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) leave extracts
Authors: Osunlana Oluronke Ruth , Bello Muibat Olabisi , Johnson Jonathan Abidemi , Afolabi Olakunle Bamikole
Published: April 2018

Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.), Viscum album (L.) and Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) are medicinal plants widely used based on their ethnomedicinal properties in the regulation of blood pressure. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activities and compositional constituents of these plants. The antioxidant potentials were analyzed using DPPH and FRAP assays, while Folin-Ciocalteu method was employed in the determination of the total phenolic antioxidant contents. Compositional analyses of the leave extracts were determined using Gas Chromatograghy-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The total phenolic contents in Bryophyllum pinnatum, Artocarpus altilis and Viscum album were revealed as; 659.50 ±0.02, 1667.50 ±0.03, 1232.00 ±0.02 mg GAE.100 g-1 respectively. Considering the antioxidant activities, Artocarpus altilis leaf extract showed inhibitory activity on DPPH with IC50 of 2.24 ±0.26 mg.mL-1, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Viscum album with IC50 values 3.63 ±0.07 and 4.65 ±0.06  mg.mL-1 respectively.The FRAP in mg.GAE-1 for Artocarpus altilis, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Viscum album revealed; 2505.20 ±0.04, 1561.80 ±0.01 and 1698.00 ±0.03 respectively. GC-MS identified some vital phenolic components and essential fatty acids in the plants. The findings therefore suggest that; the plants if properly utilized, it could serve as alternatives in regulating blood pressure.
Food safety from a consumers´ point of view: food quality
Authors: Nagyová Ľudmila , Golian Jozef , Géci Andrej , Palkovič Jozef , Čapla Jozef , Kádeková Zdenka
Published: April 2018

Food safety is a topic that is currently very much and often discussed. This may be a debate among political representatives, representatives of the food industry, but also among consumers, ie. general public. The issue of food safety and quality is very important in view of the growing globalization of economy, whose mission is to encourage food businesses to improve the production process as a whole and competitiveness. As in every sector, the food market faces many problems arising from market opening, business environment diversity or non-compliance with legislative requirements. The effects of these market imperfections are ultimately borne by the consumer. It is, therefore, appropriate to ensure that consumers are adequately informed about the food they consume. Food production is carried out according to European and world standards. A Slovak customer purchases food imported from abroad. This fact can be caused by the pricing of individual foods but also by the lack of Slovak producers. Foreign competition liquidates the quality Slovak producers. The principle of customers should be to support the economy of the state and to buy domestic food. The submitted document deals with issues of food safety, control and quality of food. The aim of the work was to examine the attitudes of consumers to food safety based on the acquired knowledge and research results, to identify their interest in food safety. It also involved identifying global food safety issues and analyzing consumers' views on the problem under consideration and its impact on their purchasing behavior. Primary data was obtained from a survey that was performed on a sample of 478 respondents. Based on the survey, it was confirmed that 85% of respondents perceive the different quality of the food sold on the Slovak market. Nearly two-thirds of the respondents said they were paying attention to the quality of the groceries. More than half of respondents expressed satisfaction with hygienic sales conditions. Almost 80% think that high-quality food is commonly available. Statistical testing has confirmed the significantly lower quality of food produced abroad. Other assumptions were formulated for more detailed analysis and their relationships were verified by using the statistical methods (Friedman Test, Chi-Square Test of Independence, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test).
Incidencia de la política monetaria en las principales variables macroeconómicas
Authors: Iraheta José Manuel
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 74, 2000: 121-142
El Comportamiento electoral municipal en El Salvador
Authors: Artiga González Álvaro
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 74, 2000: 167-183
El Salvador: ¿Ingobernabilidad o crisis de la seguridad pública?
Authors: Editor El
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 75, 2000: 239-241
Teoría general del subempleo, el desinterés y la moneda
Authors: Ibisate Francisco Javier
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 75, 2000: 243-276
Poder social y los límites del discurso: la experiencia de la resistencia popular en El Salvador
Authors: Alfaro Salvador Orlando
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 75, 2000: 277-292
Martín Barbero, M., De los medios a las mediaciones. Comunicación, cultura y hegemonía ; Bourdieu, P., Razones prácticas. Sobre la teoría de la acción
Authors: Martel Roxana , Marroquín Amparo
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 75, 2000: 363-366
El enfoque cibernético: la respuesta de profesión contable a los desafíos del siglo XXI
Authors: Arenas Jesús César Humberto
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 76, 2000: 409-426
La causalidad estructural y la socionaturalidad de la depresión clínica: un tópico para la reflexión sobre la crisis de la salud pública
Authors: Henríquez José Luis
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 76, 2000: 427-454
Voltaire, Diccionario filosófico ; Bourdieu, P., La dominación masculina ; Sartori, G., Homo videns, la sociedad teledirigida
Authors: González Luis Armando , Martel Roxana , Marroquín Amparo
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 76, 2000: 503-507
Cuestionamiento a la doctrina neoliberal en los países subdesarrollados
Authors: Editor El
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 77, 2000: 511-514
La sociedad civil como núcleo problemático de la teoría democrática
Authors: Sermeño Ángel
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 77, 2000: 545-551
Luces y sombras en la concepción europea de los derechos humanos
Authors: Kesselring Thomas
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 77, 2000: 553-560
San Agustín y la cultura occidental
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 77, 2000: 595-613
Notas críticas sobre el discurso del postdesarrollo
Authors: Alfaro Salvador Orlando
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 78, 2000: 663-678
Incidencia de la teología de la liberación en la filosofía latinoamericana
Authors: Fornet-Betancourt Raúl
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 78, 2000: 679-702
Reguillo, Rossana y Fuentes Navarro, Raúl (Coords.) Pensar las ciencias sociales hoy. Reflexiones desde la cultura ; García Canclini, Néstor. Culturas híbridas. Estrategias para entrar y salir de la modernidad
Authors: Martel Roxana , Marroquín Amparo
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 78, 2000: 703-705
Tolerancia y oscurantismo en el siglo que comienza
Authors: Editor El
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 79, 2001: 3-7
Expansión de las ciudades en Centroamérica y generación de riesgos urbanos
Authors: Lungo Mario
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 79, 2001: 41-62
Cárdenas M., Steiner R. (compiladores), Corrupción, crimen y justicia. Una perspectiva económica
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 79, 2001: 111-112
Da polarização à busca pelo equilíbrio: as relações entre internet e participação política
Authors: Resmini Hansen Jaqueline , Silveira Ferreira Maria Alice
Published: April 2018

Estado e sociedade civil possuem uma relação, muitas vezes, tensionada e conflituosa, porém fundamental no contexto democrático ocidental. Estas por sua vez têm encontrados inúmeros desafios em função dos impactos da popularização do acesso à internet. Este artigo se situa nesta interconexão entre internet e democracia, e objetiva analisar como a literatura sobre participação política têm abordado essa relação apresentando as principais perspectivas teóricas. Assim, mostramos como as perspectivas iniciais eram mais estanques e polarizadas e os movimentos do campo para uma abordagem mais flexível e complexa, que leva em conta que as diversas características individuais, contextuais e da tecnologia em si que importam para pensar o impacto da rede nas atividades políticas off-line, mas, também no surgimento de um ativismo estritamente online. Portanto, a literatura tem considerado que a internet alcançou um papel central para o entendimento do ativismo político, principalmente de protesto, em que atua sobre a sua organização, em suas formas e modalidades, mas por outro lado apresenta empecilhos em relação às possibilidade de controle de dados, privacidade e vigilância.
A New Generalized Log-logistic and Modified Weibull Distribution with Applications
Authors: O. Oluyede Broderick , F. Bindele Huybrechts , Makubate Boikanyo , Huang Shujiao
Published: April 2018

A new generalized distribution called the {\em log-logistic modified Weibull} (LLoGMW) distribution is presented. This distribution includes many submodels such as the log-logistic modified Rayleigh, log-logistic modified exponential, log-logistic Weibull, log-logistic Rayleigh, log-logistic exponential, log-logistic, Weibull, Rayleigh and exponential distributions as special cases. Structural properties of the distribution including the hazard function, reverse hazard function, quantile function, probability weighted moments, moments, conditional moments, mean deviations, Bonferroni and Lorenz curves, distribution of order statistics, L-moments and R\'enyi entropy are derived. Model parameters are estimated based on the method of maximum likelihood. Finally, real data examples are presented to illustrate the usefulness and applicability of the model.
The Influence of the Two-child Policy on China’s Population Projection
Authors: Yan Hao
Published: April 2018

Since January 1,2016, China has implemented the Two-child policy. The Two-child policy is contrast to the One-child policy which has been implemented for nearly 30 years by Chinese government. Since this Two-child policy is a basic national policy of China, its purpose is to determine a reasonable rate of population development. Whether the two-child policy can really achieve the desired effect. This article will discuss statistical methods and social realities.Firstly, author uses the entropy weight with Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method. Eighteen indicators affecting the population were set up to establish an initial evaluation matrix according to the actual situation and determine the accurate weight of each indicator.Secondly, the author makes predictions on China’s future population. In order to make sure the accuracy of the forecast, author makes second forecast of the modified value to reduce the noise caused by the entropy weight method. And the author discusses which method is suit for this question.Finally, author analyzes this situation.
Mediation in armed conflict
Authors: Żakowska Marzena
Published: April 2018

Mediation is one of the most commonly used methods for solving armed conflicts due to its flexibility allowing parties to freely decide about their participation in the mediation, the choice of a mediator, and accepting or rejecting the conditions of conflict resolution established during the mediation process.

 The article looks at various approaches to mediation, leading to an indication of the nature and attributes of this method of solving armed conflicts. It also analyses the motives of the main actors of mediation - the parties’ of the conflict and the mediator, which are taken into consideration when they decide to start mediation.

 The research allows a better understanding of the complexity of mediation in an armed conflict. It enables the motives of the conflicting parties and mediator which have an impact on the mediation process and result to be identified.
Genesis, development and importance of private security companies in the provision of public safety in Poland
Authors: Czop Andrzej
Published: April 2018

The author benefitted from the support of the private security sector as the Chief Officer of the
City Police. When, after leaving the service, he was the President of the Polish Association of
Employers Protection Branch “Małopolska”, one of the basic objectives of his activity was to
ensure a high level of functioning of the private security sector as an important component of
public security. Optimisation of the use of private security companies to ensure public security
and order is one of the basic directions of his practical operation and research conducted
by him. In the article, the author discusses the role of the private security sector and the
tasks set for this sector. The genesis of security companies, their evolution and development
in various countries of Europe and the world is covered. Much attention is devoted to the
de-monopolisation of security in Poland, in which the security companies played a special
role. The author outlines the most important objectives of private sector development in
Poland as a specific type of economic activity. The basic concepts related to the functioning
of security companies are explained, exposing their priority task, which is the protection of
facilities, areas and equipment important for the functioning of the state. The author shows
that the current level of terrorist threats implies the need for greater involvement of security
companies in providing security to facilities constituting the critical infrastructure of the state.
The role of specialist armed security formations in this area is highlighted. In the conducted
research process, a positive answer to the main question is given, demonstrating that security
companies are currently an important element of the public security system in Poland, and
their use in this area should be constantly strengthened.
DIVERSIDADE EM CONTEXTOS DE TRABALHO: Pluralismo teórico e questões conceituais
Authors: Carvalho-Freitas Maria Nivalda , Silva Orisvaldo Antônio da , Tette Raissa Pedrosa Gomes , Silva Cleuzilaine Vieira da
Published: April 2018

Os objetivos do presente ensaio foram apresentar algumas características do pluralismo teórico em que se revestem as discussões sobre diversidade; indicar algumas confusões relacionadas ao conceito que contribuem para sua imprecisão e trazer para o cenário das discussões o conceito de diversidade funcional, como uma possibilidade de se pensar o grupo de pessoas com deficiência nos contextos de trabalho. Constata-se que a diversidade, a despeito das diferentes perspectivas em que possa ser analisada, é um fenômeno social, que em situações de trabalho, reflete a demografia organizacional e se distingue do que se denomina como ações afirmativas, gestão da diversidade e inclusão. A diversidade funcional é apresentada como uma caracterização das pessoas a partir de sua funcionalidade, colocando as pessoas com deficiência em uma categoria que circunscreve mais adequadamente o que caracteriza esse grupo e o distingue dos demais em situações de trabalho. Assim, por meio da forma de funcionar, de realizar as tarefas, de ser e estar no mundo, estas pessoas constituem uma variação das possibilidades humanas. Conclui-se que ao se colocar em relevo questões conceituais pode-se contribuir tanto para o desenvolvimento do conhecimento como para a implementação e a caracterização de práticas de gestão dentro das organizações.
A Proof Progression for Geometry
Authors: Nirode Wayne
Published: April 2018

A five-part proof progression can support diverse populations when engaging in proof-and-reasoning tasks.
Data Do Not Drive Themselves
Authors: Wieman Rob
Published: April 2018

Several years ago, I was working with a group of high school math teachers. Their assistant principal was impressed with their practice of sharing data from common assessments, assuming that they used these data to drive instruction. However, when I asked the teachers which data they used when teaching, they said that student work and questions during class were much more valuable. Apparently, people may interpret “data-driven instruction” differently. As a mathematics teacher, what data can you collect, and how can you use those data to improve instruction?
A-Maize-ing Mathematics
Authors: Bondurant Liza
Published: April 2018

In the set of percentage change activities described in this article, students learn about food scarcity in sub-Saharan Africa, how two specific viruses are spreading through maize in the region, and how scientists are using mathematical modeling to solve the problem. This context was particularly relevant to my students who live in the Mississippi Delta, an area where agriculture is the dominant industry. In this activity, students use spreadsheets to perform calculations on a set of data. The goals of this activity, designed for a prealgebra or algebra class, are to encourage students to examine how percentage change is computed in real-world problems, to look for and analyze patterns, and to create their own functions on the basis of actual data.
Liturgie, le travail de la paresse
Authors: Cardita Ângelo
Published: April 2018

Dans cet article, on approfondit la possibilité de considérer la liturgie comme travail de la paresse à partir d’un essai de radicalisation des notions rituelles de « contre-structure » et de « liminalité » (V. Turner). On commence par mettre en évidence l’aspect fondamental de la réflexion théologique de François Nault sur la paresse : l’enquête d’une nouvelle modalité d’action. On se tourne tout de suite vers le paradoxe représenté par l’invitation quotidienne à entrer dans « l’aujourd’hui » du repos divin qui nourrit le travail rituel chrétien. On continue en reprenant la question de la liturgie comme travail pour interroger autant la thèse selon laquelle la liturgie est le véritable paradigme du travail et du devoir modernes (Agamben) que la perspective qui en fait le coeur du loisir et de la culture (Pieper). On revient finalement sur l’enjeu de la paresse pour en proposer une relecture rituelle de la dialectique qui la relie au travail.