bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct and Indirect Effects of Janani Suraksha Yojana on Antenatal Care and Institutional Delivery
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mahbubur , Pallikadavath Saseendran
Published: November 2021

Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) provides conditional cash incentives to eligible pregnant women in India so that they can take at least three antenatal care services including tetanus injection and iron-folic acid, to deliver their babies in health institutions, and to take at least one postnatal service for them and their neonatal babies. We examine its effects on antenatal care and the institutional delivery. We also decompose effects into direct and indirect categories, deriving parameters from the theoretical model, then estimating them using several regression methods including the propensity score matching. We use the fourth round of the District Level Household Survey (DLHS), which has an advantage over the previous waves of DLHS.
Current Approaches to Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer and Future Directions
Authors: Tawfik Ossama , Alallaf Jwan
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide (GLOBOCAN 2012) It is estimated that over 2 million new breast cancer (BC) cases are diagnosed worldwide and over 600,000 women would die of the disease annually
Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial and Synergistic activity of Dittrichia Viscosa Extracts against Multi-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Filali Fouzia Rhazi , Fatima-Zahra Ennacerie , Abdelaziz Ed-Dra , Badr Zekkouri , Amar Bentayeb
Published: November 2021

Study contextual: Faced with the global problem of antimicrobial resistance, and the use of traditional medicine for the research of antibacterial biomolecules. Aim: our work focused on the valorization of a medicinal plant Dittrichia viscosa which has many therapeutic and culinary virtues worldwide. Methods: To do this, a phytochemical screening of the leafy stems of the plant is carried out according to a set of physicochemical reactions, as well as an in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity, of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts against multi-resistant bacterial strains, by microdilution technique on microplates. An evaluation of the synergistic interaction between extracts and weakened antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria was also highlighted in this study. Results: The tests revealed the richness of Dittrichia viscosa species by tannins, flavonoids, saponosides, sterols and triterpenes. As for the antibacterial effect, the MICs range from 0.858±0.29 to 66.66 ± 0.00 mg / ml and the MBCs from 4.300 ± 1.01 to 11.610 ± 2.31 mg / ml is an interesting antibacterial activity. Regarding the combination of extracts with antibiotics tested, it revealed a synergistic action inducing an amplification of the antibacterial power of Penicillin, Imipenem and Erythromycin with a rate that reaches 471%. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Dittrichia viscosa have interesting and promising antibacterial activity in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.
Allergen, pathogen, or biotechnological tool? The dematiaceous fungi Alternaria what’s for it and what’s on it?
Authors: A. Elkhateeb Waill , AL Kolaibe Abdu Galib , Elkhateeb Azza , M. Daba Ghoson
Published: November 2021

Fungi are rich sources of biologically active natural compounds, which are used in the manufacturing of wide range of clinically important drugs. Alternaria is a fungal genus that belongs to family Pleosporaceae, and has been known as a promising secondary metabolites producer. However the same fungus showed harmful pathogenicity against different plants causing crops economical losses, and is a common allergen in humans, growing indoors and causing hay fever or hypersensitivity reactions. Alternaria is a multicultural fungal genus widely distributing in soil and organic matter. It includes saprophytic, endophytic and pathogenic species. This review aims to briefly summarize the structurally different metabolites produced by Alternaria fungi, as well as their occurrences, biological activities and functions.
Comparison of CT Severity Index and Modified CT Severity Index in the Clinical Severity Assessment of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Apisarnthanarak Piyaporn , Boonsri Pattira , Suvannarerg Voraparee , Chaiyasoot Walailak , Pongprasobchai Supot , Apisarnthanarak Anucha
Published: November 2021

Objective: To compare the computed tomography severity index (CTSI) and the modified computed tomography severity index (MCTSI) in the clinical severity assessment of acute pancreatitis.Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study comprised acute pancreatitis patients who underwent contrastenhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans within 4 weeks after clinical onset. Two experienced abdominal radiologists, blinded to the clinical outcome, independently reviewed the CT images and retrospectively scored them using CTSI and MCTSI. Any discrepancies were resolved by a consensus review. The clinical severity assessment of each participant was categorized by the determinant-based classification of acute pancreatitis severity. The correlations of CTSI and MCTSI with the clinical severity assessment were analyzed.Results: This cohort study consisted of 40 participants—28 of them were men (70.0%)—with a mean age of 59.3 years. They were clinically divided into mild, moderate, severe, and critical groups comprising 11 (27.5%), 16 (40.0%), 7 (17.5%), and 6 (15.0%) participants, respectively. Due to the small number of patients in the severe and critical groups, we combined these into a single severe category (13 patients, 32.5%). The CTSI and MCTSI scores showed moderate and fair agreement with the clinical severity assessment. A trend linking poor clinical outcome with high CTSI/MCTSI scores (moderate and severe groups) more commonly than low scores (mild group) was observed. There was a very strong agreement between CTSI and MCTSI (rs =0.97).Conclusion: CTSI and MCTSI showed a moderate and fair agreement, respectively, with the clinical severity assessment. Compared to low scores, a poor clinical outcome was more often associated with high CTSI/MCTSI scores.
Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinde Öğretmenlerin Örgütsel Muhalefet ve Örgütsel Yalnızlık Algı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DOĞAN Ümit , YILDIZBAŞ Yalçın Varol , ABDURREZZAK Seyfettin , ÖZKUL Ramazan
Published: November 2021

Bu araştırma uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğretmenlerin örgütsel muhalefet ve örgütsel yalnızlık algı düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin görüşlerinin cinsiyet, mezun olunan fakülte, öğrenim durumu, branş, yaş ve mesleki kıdem değişkenleri açısından anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu kapsamda araştırma modeli olarak genel tarama modeli tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Sakarya ilinde görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi tesadüfi olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak toplam 192 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamak için Örgütsel Muhalefet Ölçeği ve İş Yaşamında Yalnızlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler üzerinden betimsel istatistikler yapılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma neticesinde; uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğretmenlerin örgütsel muhalefet algıları cinsiyet ve mezun olunan fakülte değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermezken, mezuniyet durumu değişkenine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği, önlisans mezunu öğretmenlerin örgütsel muhalefet algılarının lisans mezunu öğretmenlere göre daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin örgütsel yalnızlık algılarının cinsiyet, mezuniyet durumu, mezun olunan fakülte, branş ve mesleki kıdem değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermediği, öğretmenlerin örgütsel muhalefet algıları ile örgütsel yalnızlık algıları arasında pozitif yönde ve orta düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu, örgütsel muhalefetin örgütsel yalnızlığın anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde öğretmenlerin örgütsel muhalefet davranışlarının ve örgütsel yalnızlık sebeplerinin özellikle uzaktan eğitim sürecinde daha iyi anlaşılması açısından nitel çalışmalarla desteklenmesinin önemi vurgulanmıştır.
INDUSTRY OF THE NORTHERN CRIMEA IN THE LAST QUARTER OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors: Erdokesko E.
Published: November 2021

This article examines the industrial development of the northern part of the Crimean Peninsula in the last quarter of the 19th century, which was part of the Perekop district of the Tauric province. The author analyzes the largest branches of industry in the specified region, including salt production, engineering and resources industries, as well as brick and tile production. The largest enterprises, their location, owners and manufactured products are traced.
Eastern Mediterranean at the turn of the tide [Book review:] Fusaro M. Political Economies of Empire in the Early Modern Mediterranean: The Decline of Venice and the Rise of England, 1450–1700. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. XVI+408 p.
Authors: Zarubina Evgeniya D.
Published: November 2021

The reviewed book by Professor Maria Fusaro (the University of Exeter, UK) is one of the key works in the modern historiography of the Eastern Mediterranean. The study consists of an introduction and twelve chapters based on the evaluation of a considerable number of sources, both primary and secondary (748 items), that create a multi-dimensional picture of the Eastern Mediterranean in the 16–17th centuries. The concept of the Venetian state as a “functional empire” developed in the study, along with an analysis of the British commercial expansion into the Mediterranean are placed into a wider context of the socio-economic transformation of the region. The author highlights the ignorance of the Republic’s subjects’ economic interest and preoccupation with the imperial role of Venice among the major factors that contributed to the failure to maintain its position in the Eastern Mediterranean. The success of the English was facilitated by the institutional peculiarities of their trade network, the crisis of the Venetian fleet, and the economic situation in the region. Among institutional peculiarities, the author stresses the freedom of action characteristic of the Levantine company, well-developed communal connections, the support of the state, and close partnership with Greek merchants. The multi-dimensional analysis of the early modern Eastern Mediterranean presented in the study allows us to both deepen our understanding of the region’s history and draw parallels between different colonial systems. The narrative formulated in the book considers not only European and Levantine contexts but also proto-global connections. The combination of these features makes the study under review a part of an essential bibliography for the scholars specializing in the history of the Eastern Mediterranean.
New data for attribution of the miniature of St. Luke from the collection of the University of St. Joseph in Beirut
Authors: Fionin Maxim V.
Published: November 2021

The article comprises an analysis of the suggestion by K. A. Panchenko regarding the MS of the Greek lectionary D 227 (currently preserved in the collection of  the IOM RAS), which could originally have contained miniatures of the evangelists. One  of these miniatures might be the miniature of St. Luke, preserved at the Library of the  University of St. Joseph (Beirut). The author examines in detail the sources associated  with Panchenko’s suggestion. They include notes in Arabic in the lectionary and on the  miniature itself, the testimonia from the 19th cent., etc. The author comes to the conclusion as follows: although there are no direct evidence that the miniature from the  Library of the University of St. Joseph did belong to the MS of the lectionary (D 227.),  there is some other evidence, which still may confirm this fact indirectly
Interventional Status Awareness Based Manipulating Strategy for Robotic Soft Endoscopy
Authors: Wei Jiang  , Yuanyuan Zhou  , Tao Yu  , Xiao He  , Lihua Peng  , Yunsheng Yang  , Zhidong Wang  , Hao Liu
Published: November 2021

Traditional soft endoscopy is operated with naked eyes and use of hands. Robotic soft endoscopy frees the hands of endoscopists, which reduces the labor-intensity and complexity of operation and improves the operational accuracy of endoscope, but it¢‚¬„¢s hardly to be reliably performed because the operator lacks of situational awareness of endoscopic interventional status when the hands are detached from the endoscope. This paper first presents a method to perceive the interventional status of endoscope based on image processing, the interventional status includes insertion length and velocity. A manipulating strategy was designed according to the perceived endoscope interventional status and construction parameters of dual robotic arms in order to achieve reliable interventional endoscopy. Human phantom experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed interventional status awareness method and manipulating strategy. The results show that the robotic soft endoscopy can be well performed with the ability of interventional status awareness and coordinated manipulation of dual arms. The perceived insertion length indicates the position of the tip of endoscope in human body and the designed manipulating strategy is effective in endoscopic shape retention and torque transmission.
Robotization as One of the Prospects for Electromobility in Belarus
Authors: Yankevich Natallia  , Yankevich Stsiapan
Published: November 2021

In order to create a competitive and resource-efficient transport system, the transport policy of the European Union provides for the achievement by 2030 of almost zero carbon dioxide content in the exhaust gases of vehicles used in large urban centers, and by 2050 the phasing out the use of cars, working on traditional fuels. The Republic of Belarus has a high scientific and sufficient industrial potential to participate in the process of promoting electric mobility, taking into account the use of robotics.
JSC "Instrument-Making Plant Optron" developed the working documentation and produced prototypes of typical representatives of the line of personal electric vehicles. However, the ongoing research focused on the creation of a preventive diagnostic system for the electric motorcycle, developed by Belarussian researches and its intelligent on-board system, focused primarily on real-time simulation processes, related specifically to the level of artificial intelligence, and on the implementation of executive level algorithms.
Length-weight relationship and condition factor of endemic genus Seminemacheilus (Teloestei=Nemacheilidae) for Turkey
Authors: Seer  ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Science, Nevsehir Hac Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey., Sungur  ,   Vocational School of Health Services, Nevsehir Hac Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey., iek  ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Science, Nevsehir Hac Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey., Mouludi-Saleh  ,   Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran., Eagderi  ,   Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This study was aimed to determine the length-weight relationships and Fulton s condition factors of the genus Seminemacheilus that is endemic for Turkey. The specimens were collected from 2017 to 2019 using an electrofishing device (SAMUS 1000MP). The total length and the total weight of the examined specimens ranged from 3.5 to 9.1 cm and from 0.31 to 7.52 g, respectively. Based on the results, the growth coefficient values b ranged from 2.56 (S. ispartensis) to 3.48 (S. attalicus). Also, the condition factor of the studied fishesranged from 0.77 (S. dursunavsari) to 1.11 (S. attalicus). This study represents the first reports of length-weight relationship data for S. ahmeti, S. attalicus, S. dursunav ari, S. ekmekciae, and S. ispartensis from Turkish inland waters and four new maximum total lengths for the Seminemacheilus species. The results of this study provide useful information for further fisheries management, fish population dynamic studies and comparisons in future studies.
The variability of morphometric and meristic characteristics of Urmia chub, Petroleuciscus ulanus (G nther, 1899) in the Mahabd-Chai and Godar-Chai rivers, Lake Urmia basin
Authors: Abbasi K. ,   Inland Waters Aquaculture Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Bandar Anzali, Iran., Mouludi-Saleh A. ,   Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran., Eagderi S. ,   Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. In this study, for the first time, we provide morphometric and meristic data on Petroleuciscus ulanus from the Lake Urmia basin by comparing them in the populations of the Mahabad-Chai and Godar-Chai rivers. For this purpose, a total of 100 specimens were collected using electrofishing device and cast net during 2014 and 2015. 19 morphometric and 8 meristic traits were measured and counted, respectively. The meristic traits of the two populations showed significant differences in three characters, including branched dorsal and ventral fin rays and lateral line scales (P<0.05). In addition, the morphometric analysis showed significant differences in head length, eye diameter, caudal peduncle length, dorsal fin height and base lengths, pectoral and ventral fin lengths, anal fin base and height lengths (P<0.05). The finding of the current study can help to further studies on the biological features of this endemic species of Iranian inland waters.
Influence of breeding strategy on genetic diversity of individuals
Authors: Poroshina A.A. ,   Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Sherbakov D.Yu. ,   Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Using a computer simulation model, we tried to investigate how the transition from sexual reproduction to asexual reproduction will affect the population of diploid organisms with a neutral character of molecular evolution. At the same time, special attention was paid to the specificity of microsatellite markers. In this paper, we develop fast and inexpensive methods for assessing the changes in populations that occur with a change in reproductive strategy.
Diversity Management Programs: California Local Governments’ Approach to Achieving Representative Bureaucracy
Authors:   ,   San Jose State University, Cudal Adrian
Published: November 2021

Attaining representativeness in a bureaucracy, or the ability for a public organization to mirror the diversity of its constituents, is argued to be a key element to effective and efficient governance. Studies show that implementing diversity management programs can help organizations become more representative and, at the same time, maximize the full potential of their diverse workforce. This study examined the existing and developing diversity management programs in each of the nine Bay Area county organizations and measured the representativeness of each. These programs were analyzed by benchmarking them against the International Personnel Management Association's (IPMA) diversity management best practices list. Representativeness was gauged by comparing the ethnic makeup of each county organization's workforce against the ethnicity of the population it is serving and its available labor market using the most recent census data. Although diversity management has been around for decades, implementing diversity management programs for most nine Bay Area county organizations is either at the beginning stages or is not a top priority. Moreover, data on representation show that though the Black or African American employees are well represented across the nine Bay Area county organizations, underrepresentation is still prevalent, particularly with the Hispanic and Asian employee group, especially at the leadership level. These findings suggest that most county organizations in the Bay Area still need to create a more representative workforce. Developing strategies, such as implementing robust diversity management programs that can help improve the recruitment and retention of a diverse workforce could solve this discrepancy.
Aging in HIV: Can natural compounds beneficially affect its higher progression?
Authors: Rastmanesh Reza , Osato Maki , Pathak Surajit , Banerjee Antara , Rasulova Saida , Marotta Francesco
Published: November 2021

Aging in HIV patients is accompanied with many physical and psychological health threatening challenges. A full citation of all natural compounds and their beneficial effects in aging process in HIV-positive patients is beyond the scope of a short editorial like this and we do not intend to delve in depth of genetic pathways. However, we shortly present some useful notes below worth of ongoing research.
Macht der Märkte oder Macht in Märkten?
Authors: Graf Jakob
Published: November 2021

Macht auf Märkten ist im Kapitalismus keine Ausnahme, sondern ein Resultat seiner innersten Bewegungsgesetze. Unternehmen nutzen sie, um sich Vorteile zu verschaffen und um sich fremde Arbeit und Natur anzueignen. Dennoch wurde Macht in der jüngeren Kapital-Rezeption häufig auf den »stummen Zwang der ökonomischen Verhältnisse« reduziert und als anonym, versachlicht und strukturell verstanden. Konkrete Machtausübung fände nur innerhalb der Fabrik statt, in die die Lohnabhängigen qua freiwilligem Vertrag eingetreten seien. Ein derartiges Verständnis von Kapitalismus nimmt die liberale Ideologie, die Marx kritisieren wollte, für bare Münze. Dementgegen vertrete ich die These, dass Marktmacht und hierarchische Märkte zur Kernstruktur kapitalistischen Wirtschaftens gehören und eine Form darstellen, wie sich dominante Akteure Werte, Profite und Natur sichern.
Trazodone succinate — new opportunities for pharmacological correction of situational behavioral abnormalities in dogs and cats
Authors: Beloglazov Denis , Mukaseev Sergey , Zeynalov Orhan
Published: November 2021

Currently, the interest of veterinarians and owners in the pharmacological correction of situational behavioral disorders in companion animals has increased significantly. To quickly correct deviant behavior in dogs and cats, veterinarians use some of the psychotropic drugs used in humane medicine, in particular, trazodone, an antidepressant antagonist / serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

Based on the analysis of literature sources, data on the history of creation and pharmacological properties, assessment of the safety and efficacy of drugs based on trazodone hydrochloride in behavioral medicine of small pets are provided.

The data on the prerequisites for the development, pharmaco-toxicological and clinical evaluation of a new drug for the modification of abnormal behavior in dogs and cats, Express Uspokoin® tablets based on trazodone succinate, which, with a high efficiency of the target action, made it possible to achieve the absence of side effects and significantly increase the tolerance of the dosage form by animals, are analyzed. compared with preparations based on trazodone hydrochloride.
Factors influencing surgical success in concomitant horizontal strabismus
Authors: Uzun Aslihan , Keles Sahin Asena
Published: November 2021

Objective: To identify the factors affecting surgical success in patients who underwent horizontal concomitant strabismus surgery.

Materials and Methods: Medical records of 143 patients who underwent concomitant horizontal strabismus surgery and who were followed up at least 6 months at Ordu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology between January 2015 and December 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Surgical success was defined as postoperative orthophoria or deviation angle of 10 prism diopters (PD) or less at 6 months after surgery.

Results: 101 (70.63%) patients with esotropia and 42 (29.37%) patients with exotropia were operated. The mean follow-up period was 18.54 ± 17.51 months, the mean distance and near preoperative deviation were 46.94 ± 11.62 PD and 47.29 ± 11.81 PD, respectively. The surgical success was 83.92% in all patients, 87.13% in esotropic patients, and 76.19% in exotropic patients. Additional surgery was performed in 8 (5.59%) patients with >20 PD residual strabismus in the following year. Preoperative distance and near deviations were found to be significantly related with surgical success (p=0.020 and p=0.026). As the preoperative deviation decreases, the surgical success increases significantly. The deviation type, age at onset, age at the time of surgery, the interval between diagnosis and surgery, gender, or preoperative amblyopia were not significantly related to surgical success (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The surgical success was found to be high following concomitant horizontal strabismus surgery. Since the preoperative deviation angle is the significant factor determining surgical success, preoperative evaluations should be done carefully. Patients and their parents should also be warned about the probability of additional surgery.
The Impact of the All-Volunteer Force on Hungarian Officer Training
Authors: Petruska Ferenc
Published: November 2021

The Government’s goal was partly to replace conscripts with volunteer defence and volunteer operational reserves, and contracted servicemembers, however, the differences between the two systems are very pronounced. The author outlines the consequences of these changes on our military higher education.
Welfare Theories in Family Politics
Authors: Kristó Katalin
Published: November 2021

The welfare state is one of the most frequently used social scence terms that causes arguments or political discussions. The role of the state in the development of its social role has changed through time, and parallel with this, the term welfare state has changed too, as well as theories regarding the welfare state. In this study, the author’s main goal is to summarise the different theories of the welfare state. Following this, a special approach will be shown in terms of the categorization of the welfare state to show its role in a special welfare: i.e. in what ways does it supports families. This view has not received much attention in detail in the literature so far.
The Problems Related to the Stocktaking of Forces and Resources in Internal Emergency Plans
Authors: Szendi Rebeka
Published: November 2021

The laws, related to disaster management order the operators of dangerous establishments to prepare an internal emergency plan as the part of their safety documents. In this plan they describe the measures and resources for the protection against a possible industrial accident. Although the internal emergency plans of dangerous establishments are prepared mostly by the rules in effect, experiences show that lesser or greater problems may occur by preparing internal emergency plans, the inventory of the forces and resources is often not adequately detailed.The aim of this article is to present the problems related to force and resources calculations, respectively to give recommendations on the making of these calculations in a form which is easier to judge by the authority.
10th Anniversary of the Parallel Flood Control on the Danube and Tisza Rivers in Hungary in 2006
Authors: Muhoray Árpád
Published: November 2021

The paper wants to present the work done during the management of major floods and inland waters in Hungary ten years ago, in the year of 2006, to safeguard the population, and the measures taken during the protection activities. It was very important for everybody who had responsibility for the operational control of the response to disasters and emergencies in Hungary (floods, inland waters, extreme weather conditions, to simply say: the range of natural and man-made disasters), especially for the population living along the Danube and Tisza Rivers.
Proliferation of Offensive Cyber Weapons : Strategic Implications and Non-Proliferation Assumptions
Authors: Dévai Dóra
Published: November 2021

The development, acquisition and deployment of cyber weapons is becoming a routine activity of national military and law enforcement communities. This leads to a demand to introduce new strategic and regulatory regimes based on solid legal and policy structures. However, technical and legal experts face several complications when trying to meet these demands. The article gives a cursory overview of the particular difficulties and potential pathways to a solution with regard to cyber weapons use. Special attention is devoted to the international efforts involving Hungary.
Bir Salgının Getirdikleri: Gençlerde Değişen İletişim Biçimleri ve Yeni Toplumsallıklar
Authors: AVCI AKSOY Özlem
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışma, Covid 19 Pandemisi’nin insanların gündelik yaşamlarını nasıl etkilediği ve değiştirdiği ana sorunsalı üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Toplumsal bir varlık olarak insanın, pandemi sürecinde yaşadığı toplumsal değişimler betimlenerek, bir “aracı (medium)” zorunlu kılan yeni iletişim biçimlerinin ontolojisi ve epistemolojisi tartışılmaya ve anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Pandemi süreci boyunca deneyimlenen iletişim ve toplumsallık biçimleri, gündelik hayatı etkileyen ve alışık olmadığımız durumları normale çeviren bir yapıyla bizleri karşı karşıya getirmiştir. Bu yeni toplumsallıkların kitle iletişim araçları (geleneksel medya ve yeni medya ayrımı yaparsak) üzerinden tanımlanması ve sürdürülmesi bu mecralar üzerine odaklanmayı gerektirmiştir.

Pandemi süreci boyunca alınan ve kapanmayı gerektiren yaşamsal önlemlerin neden olduğu, iletişim biçimlerinin ve toplumsallıkların “uzaktan/çevrimiçi” sağlanmasının toplumsal yapıya ve bireylerin yaşamlarına ne gibi etkileri olduğu betimlenerek olası sonuçları tartışılmıştır. Öncelikle pandemi sürecinin ilk üç ayında yaşanan kısıtlamalarla birlikte internet, bilgisayar ve akıllı araçların gündelik hayattaki yeri betimlenmiştir. Sonrasında ise bu süreçte insanların duygu durumları, sosyal ilişkileri ve iletişim biçimleri, dışlanmaları ve yalnızlaştırılmaları, zamana ve mekâna dair değişen algıları tartışılmış ve değişmekte olan yaşam biçimlerinin yönü anlaşılmaya ve açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Böyle bir anlama biçimi ise neyin, nasıl ve hangi yönde değişmekte olduğuna dair geleceğe ilişkin öngörüleri de ortaya koyma fırsatı vermiştir.
Theoretical basis of research of personal mediation of manipuiative tendencies
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Borets Yu. V. , Palahniuk O. V. ,   Department of Pedagogy and Psychology preschool education of the Faculty of Pedagogy, Psychology and Social work,  Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article. Theoretical analysis of personal mediation of manipuiative tendencies. Methodology. The basis of this study is a theoretical analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization of available scientific literature on the subject. Results. Manipulation of consciousness is one of the ways to dominate and suppress the will of people by acting on them through the programming of their behavior. This action is aimed at the mental structures of man, which is carried out secretly and aims to change the thoughts, motivations and goals of people in the right direction for a certain group of people. In this case, the purpose of manipulation – hiding their true intentions, to encourage another person to take certain actions, change values, ideas and opinions, etc., while maintaining the illusion of independence in general and independence of decisions or actions. In other words, to motivate a person to what he does not want to do, to distract from what he aspires to, but at the same time to create in him the confidence that he is acting of his own free will. Practical implications. The need to study manipulative tendencies is to determine the main ways and methods of manipulation and ways to protect against manipulative action. To reveal the main features of the manipulator’s personality and the category of people who are most prone to manipulative action. Theoretical materials can be used in the training process of the courses “Psychology of personality”, “Age Psychology”, “Differential Psychology”, “Fundamentals psychological correction”. Originality/value. It was found that the criteria for manipulation are: the attitude of the manipulator to the objects of manipulation as a means to achieve their own goal, the desire to gain unilateral advantage, the hidden nature of influence, use of force, motivation, motivation and skill in the process of manipulative influence. Key words: manipulation, coercion, manipulation, subject of manipulation, projection, Machiavellianism, manipulative influence.
Transliteración e adaptación do árabe: aplicación terminolóxica
Authors: Fresco Barbeito Víctor
Published: November 2021

A importación ao galego de palabras procedentes do árabe presenta moitas dificultades. Tanto a chegada de arabismos a través doutras linguas como o francés ou o inglés como a ausencia dun método claro para realizar a transliteración e a adaptación afectaron gravemente á calidade do galego que procede da lingua semítica.

Para salvar estes obstáculos, o autor propón unha metodoloxía para a transliteración do árabe desde unha perspectiva galega baseada na fidelidade á escrita orixinal nos grafemas árabes, buscando sempre a simplicidade técnica e a reversibilidade.

Partindo dos resultados desta transliteración, a adaptación dun arabismo ao galego consistiría en dar un paso máis mediante a simplificación das equivalencias gráficas e un conxunto de regras de adaptación á grafía galega. Como exemplo dun resultado práctico, aplica esta metodoloxía a un grupo de termos de temas relacionados coa cultura árabe.
testamento de Xoán de Padrón (a. 1405, ACS): edición crítica
Authors: Hermo González Gonzalo
Published: November 2021

O artigo recolle a edición interpretativa dun documento notarial do século XV conservado no Arquivo Catedralicio de Santiago de Compostela. Acompañan á lectura do texto algunhas notas de carácter introdutorio con información codicolóxica, histórica e paleográfica. En último termo, achégase o inventario completo das formas onomásticas rexistradas, con datos relativos ao nome moderno e localización xeográfica no caso da toponimia.
xerundio: caracterización xeral e clasificación
Authors: Pena Romay Xosé Antonio
Published: November 2021

Partindo da constatación de que o xerundio está insuficientemente tratado nos estudos gramaticais do galego, no presente artigo abórdase o que pretende ser, desde unha perspectiva exclusivamente sincrónica, unha clasificación xeral e exhaustiva do xerundio, baseada no rol que este asume dentro do enunciado e/ ou na función sintáctica que desempeña. Postúlase que, desde un enfoque normativo, quizais non todos os xerundios de posterioridade se deberían considerar como incorrectos, particularmente o denominado neste traballo “xerundio vinculativo”.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІНДУСТРІЇ 4.0 В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Джафарова Ельвіра , Карпенко Марина
Published: November 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням особливостей впровадження індустрії 4.0 в Україні. Світове визнання переваг концепції «Індустрія 4.0» робить необхідним здійснення аналізу досвіду впровадження технологій «Індустрії 4.0» у діяльність вітчизняних підприємств, а також визначення можливостей переходу національної економіки до «Індустрії 4.0». У статті визначено особливості та проблемні аспекти впровадження та розвитку стратегії «Індустрія 4.0» в Україні. Проаналізовано можливості, завдяки яким технології «Індустрії 4.0» можуть бути впроваджені на підприємствах Україні. Визначено лідерів серед інноваційних компаній України. Охарактеризовано впровадження та розвиток «Індустрії 4.0» в Україні в різних сферах діяльності, зокрема, в енергетиці, рітейлі, АПК, фінансах, будівництві, фармацевтиці, транспорті і логістиці, машинобудуванні та досліджено ймовірні наслідки розвитку «Індустрії 4.0» в Україні.
Investigating Teachers' Views on writing Errors Made by Saudi University Students
Authors: Abdul Rahman Mohammed Adam
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate the most frequent errors made by Saudi university students in writing. The study adopted the descriptive-analytic research method. The data of the study was collected from a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 100 English language teachers at Jazan University, King Saud University, and King Khalid University. The above-mentioned tool satisfied the criteria of validity and reliability. The findings revealed the low abilities of the students in understanding and using syntactical rules properly which was reflected in the enormous number of grammatical errors made by the respondents in the test. Wrong tense errors, prepositions, articles errors were found to be the most frequent ones. The findings also revealed that negative transfer from the mother tongue language is one of the major causes of most of the syntactical errors made by the students in the written text. In light of the study findings, several recommendations were suggested by the researcher that could lead to reducing errors made by students in writing and improve students’ writing abilities.
Linguo-Stylistic Analysis of Sarcasm in American Granddaughter
Authors: Hussein Abbas Lutfi , Majeed Nadia , Atu Rusul Abdel Kareem
Published: November 2021

Sarcasm is a manipulative concept that can be utilized in different forms and different senses to express different intentions. Inaam Kachachi makes full use of linguistic and figurative tools to express her sarcastic events and situations. Thus, this paper investigates the linguo-stylistic use of sarcasm in Kachachi’s ‘الحفيدة الامريكية’ (American Granddaughter), focusing on the purposes behind the use of sarcasm in this novel. Twenty extracts have been selected to be lingo- stylistically analyzed in terms of Leech and Short's (2007) model. The paper concludes that Kachachi utilizes lexical, grammatical, and figurative devices to depict her sarcastic events and circumstances.
Study of Proportion of Milk with Lesser Yam Filtrate and Starter Concentration for Producing Synbiotic Yoghurt
Authors: Rosida Rosida , Soraya Santi Sintha , Rohman
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of the proportion of cow's milk with lesser yam filtrate and starter concentration on the characteristics of synbiotic yoghurt. The research used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, factor I was the proportion of cow's milk with lesser yam filtrate (100:0; 60:40; 50:50; 40:60; 0:100) and factor II was the starter cocentration (3%, 5%, 7%). The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variant (ANOVA) and if there was a significant difference between treatments, then continued with Duncan's test at the 5% level. Synbiotic yoghurt from proportion of cow's milk with lesser yam filtrate (50:50) and 5% starter concentration was the best treatment with total Lactic Acid Bacteria of 7.23 log CFU/ml; pH 4.20; total dietary fiber 3.05%, soluble fiber content 1.3%, inulin content 1.2%, fat content 0.41% and soluble protein content 2.66% with an average texture preference score of 6.13 (like much); taste core 6.02 (like much) and smell score 5.20 (like).
Lesión dual en válvula tricúspide asociada a fiebre reumática en paciente de 70 años. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Montesdeoca Santana Steffania , Vera Loor Gema , Bernabé Ruiz Jessica , Salazar Marieta Marieta Plaza
Published: November 2021

En la década de los años 70 en Ecuador 3 de cada 100 personas desarrollaban fiebre reumática de los cuales 75% presentaban complicaciones cardíacas y en áreas de hospitalización el 39% de todos los cardíacos admitidos, eran de origen reumático; producto de esto quedaron miles de pacientes secuelares cardíacos como el caso a continuación, hombre adulto de 70 años con lesión dual de válvula tricúspide asociado a fiebre reumática con antecedente de reemplazo mecánico de válvula mitral. Motivo por el cual reportamos este hallazgo médico, históricamente importante, y estadísticamente infrecuente. Resultando enriquecedor detallar su debut, diagnóstico y sobretodo tratamiento.
Enseñanza de semiconductores en tiempos de pandemia: experimentando una secuencia didáctica interactiva
Authors: Lavor Otavio Paulino , Ramos Maria do Socorro Ferreira
Published: November 2021

En tiempos de aislamiento social debido a la pandemia, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje han sido un desafío aún mayor y la educación remota ha sido una posibilidad utilizada por varias instituciones, sin embargo, la preparación para esta modalidad puede ser cuestionada. En este sentido, las estrategias deben ser pensadas y en este trabajo, se experimenta la secuencia didáctica interactiva en las clases de semiconductores. Los estudiantes informaron sus conocimientos previos y, a través de tecnologías sincrónicas, los grupos mejoraron sus respuestas hasta que tuvieron un concepto formal de semiconductor. Los resultados muestran una apropiación apropiada del conocimiento y los comentarios y percepciones muestran que la secuencia didáctica interactiva se puede aplicar en la educación remota para superar los desafíos de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en tiempos de aislamiento social.
Hexarelin modulates lung mechanics, inflammation, and fibrosis in acute lung injury
Authors: Zambelli Vanessa , Rizzi Laura , Delvecchio Paolo , Bresciani Elena , Rezoagli Emanuele , Molteni Laura , Meanti Ramona , Cuttin Maria Serena , Bovo Giorgio , Coco Silvia , Omeljaniuk Robert  J. , Locatelli Vittorio , Bellani Giacomo , Torsello Antonio
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute form of diffuse lung injury characterized by (i) an intense inflammatory response, (ii) increased pulmonary vascular permeability, and (iii) the loss of respiratory pulmonary tissue. In this article we explore the therapeutic potential of hexarelin, a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue (GHS), in an experimental model of ARDS. Hexarelin has anti-inflammatory properties and demonstrates cardiovascular-protective activities including the inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis, both of which may involve the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) system.
Methods: In our experimental model, ARDS was induced by the instillation of 100 mM HCl into the right bronchus; these mice were treated with hexarelin (320 μg/kg, ip) before (Pre) or after (Post) HCl challenge, or with vehicle. Respiratory system compliance, blood gas analysis, and differential cell counts in a selective bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were determined 6 or 24 hours after HCl instillation. In an extended study, mice were observed for a subsequent 14 days in order to assess lung fibrosis.
Results: Hexarelin induced a significant improvement in lung compliance and a reduction of the number of total immune cells in BAL 24 hours after HCl instillation, accompanied with a lower recruitment of neutrophils compared with the vehicle group. At day 14, hexarelin-treated mice presented with less pulmonary collagen deposition compared with vehicle-treated controls.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that hexarelin can inhibit the early phase of the inflammatory response in a murine model of HCl-induced ARDS, thereby blunting lung remodeling processes and fibrotic development.
Direct Removal of Fourth Ventricle Hematoma in Massive Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Kim You-Sub , Ryu Han-Seung , Kim Tae-Sun , Joo Sung-Pil
Published: November 2021

Various grading systems and surgical techniques have been developed for the treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH); however, little attention has been paid to the fourth ventricle hematoma. Nonetheless, hemorrhagic dilation of the fourth ventricle may lead to catastrophic consequences for patients with massive IVH. We present two cases of massive IVH accompanied by massive fourth ventricle hematoma which was successfully removed with combination of suboccipital craniotomy for fourth ventricle hematoma and intraventricular fibrinolysis for supratentorial hematoma.
Пожарная охрана Беларуси в межвоенный период и в начале Великой Отечественной войны
Authors: Хроколов Виталий Александрович
Published: November 2021

Цель. Анализ состояния пожарной охраны в межвоенный период и в начале Великой Отечественной войны.
Методы. Общенаучные методы исследования: анализ и синтез, сравнение и обобщение.
Результаты.Уточнены этапы развития пожарной охраны в период 1917–1941 гг., конкретизированы меры, предпринимаемые руководством страны по повышению эффективности деятельности пожарной охраны в межвоенный период, рассмотрены действия пожарной охраны на начальном этапе Великой Отечественной войны на территории БССР.
Область применения исследований. Результаты могут быть использованы в ходе проведения подготовки специалистов в сфере защиты от чрезвычайных ситуаций, а также для ознакомления с деятельностью пожарной охраны в период 1917–1941 гг.
Biochar and Trichoderma spp. in management of plant diseases caused by soilborne fungal pathogens: a review and perspective
Authors: Medeiros Erika Valente de , Silva Lucas Figueira da , Silva Jenifer Sthephanie Araújo da , Costa Diogo Paes da , Souza Carlos Alberto Fragoso de , Berger Lúcia Raquel Ramos , Lima José Romualdo de Souza , Hammecker Claude
Published: November 2021

A better understanding of the use of biochar with Trichoderma spp. (TRI), considered the most studied tool for biological control, would increase our ability to set priorities. However, no studies exist using the two inputs on plant disease management. Here, we hypothesized that biochar and TRI would be used for the management of soilborne plant pathogens, mainly due to changes in soil properties and its interactions. To test this hypothesis, this review assesses papers that used biochar and TRI against plant diseases and we summarize the handling mechanisms for each input. Biochar acts by mechanisms: induction to plant resistance, sorption of allelopathic and fungitoxic compounds, increase of beneficial microorganisms, changes the soil properties that promote health and nutrient availability. Trichoderma as biocontrol agents by different mechanisms: mycoparasitism, enzyme and secondary metabolic production, plant promoter agent, natural decomposition agent, and biological agent of bioremediation. Overall, our findings expand our knowledge about the reuse of wastes transformed in biochar combined with Trichoderma has potential perspective to formulate products as alternative management tool of plant disease caused by soilborne fungal pathogen and add important information that can be suitable for development of strategy for use in the global health concept.