bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Malaxidinae (Orchidaceae) Plastome: Phylogenetic Relationship and Potential Molecular Marker
Authors: Zeng Meng-Yao , Li Ming-He , Shi Jingshan , Zhao Jurun , Zhou Ying , Lan Siren , Liu Zhong-Jian
Published: December 2023

Malaxidinae is one of the confusing groups with classification in Orchidaceae. Previous phylogenetic analysis reveals that the relationships among the taxa in Malaxidinae have not yet been reliably established using a few plastome regions or nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS). In the present study, the complete plastomes of Oberonia integerrima and Crepidium purpureum were assembled using high-throughput sequencing. Combined with publicly available complete plastome data, this resulted in a data set of 19 plastomes, including 17 species of Malaxidinae. The plastome feature and phylogenetic relationship were compared and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The plastomes of Malaxidinae species possessed the quadripartite structure of typical angiosperms, with sizes ranging from 142,996 bp to 158,787 bp and encoding from 125 to 133 genes. The ndh genes were lost or pseudogenized with varying degrees in six species. An unusal inversion was detected in the Large Single-Copy region (LSC) of Oberonioides microtatantha. (2) A total of 8 regions, including ycf1, matK, rps16, rpl32, ccsA-ndhD, clpP-psbB, trn-FGAA-ndhJ, and trnSGCU-trnGUCC, were identified as mutational hotspots. (3) Based on complete plastomes, 68 protein-coding genes and 51 intergenic regions, respectively, the phylogenetic analyses resolved genera-level relationships in this subtribe with strong support. The Liparis was supported as polyphyletic.
Inflammation a Possible Link between Myocarditis and Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Lala Ioan Radu , Pop-Moldovan Adina
Published: December 2023

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a primary genetic disease caused by mutations of the desmosome genes. Ever since the introduction of new imaging criteria, like cardiovascular magnetic resonance, the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is more challenging as left ventricular or biventricular variants may cause resemblance with other cardiomyopathies or myocarditis. Not only this, but they may also share an acute phase that might determine even more confusion and misdiagnosis which can influence prognosis and outcome. In this case report we present a 31-year-old patient with multiple clinical pictures: acute chest pain, new onset of heart failure and arrhythmia symptoms which determined a dynamic change in clinical diagnosis and management, ultimately taking into consideration arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Through the article we try to emerge and explain common pathophysiological pathways shared by arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and other clinical entities with a special focus on inflammation. The final question remains: “If there is more than one heart disorder that eventually will lead to the same clinical picture, one could not but wonder if arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is rather a syndrome than a specific condition?”
Mammalian Cell Cytotoxicity, Antibacterial Activity, and the Properties of Methylenebis[hydroxybenzoic Acid] and Its Related zinc(II) Complex
Authors: Hussein Ahmed Ayman , Althobaiti Ibrahim O. , Aljohani Marwah , Gad Ehab S , Asiri Yazeed M. , Hussein Omar A.
Published: December 2023

Formaldehyde, sulfuric acid and salicylic acid were combined to create 3,3’-methylenebis[2-hydroxybenzoic acid] (MHB) ligand, which was subsequently permitted to bind with zinc ions. The ligand and its zinc (II) complex (Zn-MHB) have been described by a combination of elemental analyses, spectral (UV-Vis, IR, MS, NMR), XRD, TEM as well as TGA measurement. The ligand has been suggested to coordinate to the zinc center in tetradentate manner forming binuclear tetrahedral complex. An X-ray analysis indicated a considerable difference between MHB (crystalline) and Zn-MHB (amorphous). UV-Vis spectra were used to determine the optical properties such as bandgap, refractive index, optical conductivity and penetration depth. Possibility of employing the samples for optoelectronic applications was indicated from the band gap values which underlie the range of semiconductors. TEM revealed spherical shapes and mutation of ligand particles into nano-scale by complexation. The antimicrobial potential of the MHB towards gram-positive and negative bacterial growths has been investigated. The results suggested that it would be possible to employ MHB to stop bacterial development, particularly salmonella typhimurium. Cytotoxicity of the MHB was assessed against two types of mammalian cells: VERO (the kidney of an African green monkey) and HFB4 (human skin melanocytes). Lower sensitivity was observed in VERO cells.
Innovative Approaches to Sustainable CNC Machining: A Machine Learning Perspective on Energy Optimization
Authors: Nugrahanto Indrawan , Gunawan Hariyanto , Chen Hsing-yu
Published: December 2023

Industry 4.0 brings advanced technologies and automation, enabling greater productivity and efficiency. However, it also increases energy consumption and carbon emissions. Sustainable manufacturing in the era of Industry 4.0 is vital for addressing the environmental impact by minimizing resource consumption, optimizing energy efficiency, and adopting eco-friendly practices. CNC (Computer Numeric Control) 5-axis milling plays a significant role in the machining of precision molds and dies, aerospace, consumer electronics, etc. This research aims to explore the potential of the artificial intelligence (AI) technique in improving energy efficiency on CNC 5-axis milling process for sustainable manufacturing. The experiments were carried out using a CNC 5-axis milling machine with various machining parameters, toolpath planning, and dry cutting condition. Data on energy consumption of CNC 5-axis milling machine were collected, then the relationship between the machining parameters, toolpath planning, and energy consumption was analyzed and built. Furthermore, an AI-based optimization algorithm was developed that uses machine learning and optimization techniques to identify energy-efficient machining strategies. The developed algorithm was implemented within a simulation framework, the algorithm was rigorously assessed using machine learning analysis to effectively reduce energy consumption, all while ensuring the accuracy of machining result. Finally, verification experiments were carried out to evaluate the applicability and performance of the AI-based energy optimization approach on a CNC 5-axis milling machine. By integrating AI into the CNC machining process, manufacturers can achieve significant energy savings, leading to reduced carbon emissions and improved sustainability.
Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Itraconazole and the Combination Therapy with Itraconazole and Potassium Iodide for the Treatment of Feline Sporotrichosis
Authors: Reis Erica Guerino dos , Pereira Sandro Antonio , Miranda Luisa Helena Monteiro De , Oliveira Raquel V. C. , Quintana Marcel de Souza Borges , Viana Paula Gonçalves , Figueiredo Anna Barreto Fernandes , Honorato Cindy Caroline dos Santos , Pereira-Oliveira Gabriela Reis , Silva Jessica Nunes , Schubach Tânia Pacheco , Gremião Isabella Dib Ferreira
Published: December 2023

Feline sporotrichosis is an endemic disease with high occurrence in Brazil. Itraconazole (ITZ), remains the drug of choice for treating this disease in cats, despite the increasing reports of therapeutic failure. A controlled, randomized clinical trial was performed on 166 naive cats with sporotrichosis to assess the effectiveness and safety of the combination therapy (ITZ+KI) com-pared with ITZ monotherapy. Cats were randomly allocated in two treatment groups: G1 - ITZ 100 mg/cat/day and G2 - ITZ 100mg/cat/day + KI 2.5-20 mg/kg/day. Cats treated in G2 presented 77% more risk of reaching clinical cure (a positive effect) than those treated in G1, even when controlled by negative predictors. The survival curves of the two treatment protocols indicates that clinical cure was achieved faster in G2. An increase in the KI dose was necessary in 28 cats due to persistence of clinical signs. Adverse reactions were equally frequent in both groups and manageable with a temporary drug suspension and/or a hepatoprotective therapy. The combination therapy was associated with a higher cure rate and a shorter treatment time, suggesting that ITZ+KI arises as a better option for treating feline sporotrichosis and should be considered as the first-line treatment in the presence of negative predictors.
Investigating the Terrain of Class-incremental Continual Learning: A Brief Survey
Authors: Nokhwal Sahil , Kumar Nirman , G.  Shiva Sajjan
Published: December 2023

Continual learning, a crucial facet of machine learning, involves the perpetual acquisition of valuable insights from incoming data, sans the necessity for full dataset access. Esteemed as a fundamental goal in artificial intelligence, continual learning grapples with an enduring challenge—catastrophic forgetting. A proficient model must exhibit adaptability for new data assimilation and robustness to retain existing knowledge. Class-incremental learning (CIL) aids the gradual integration of knowledge from newly introduced classes, forming a universal classifier. However, directly training the model with fresh class instances triggers a problem—forgetting distinguishing features of prior classes, causing a performance decline. Addressing such issues in machine learning, this survey aims to delineate significant challenges, outcomes, and recent advancements, including our contributions to CIL techniques, especially in image classification.
The N-Oscillator Born-Kuhn Model: An In-depth Analysis of Chiro-optical Properties in Complex Chiral Systems
Authors: Zhao Yiping , Galiautdinov Andrei , Tie Jingzhi
Published: December 2023

A comprehensive theory is developed for the chiral optical response of two configurations of the N-oscillator Born-Kuhn model (NOBK): the helically stacked and the corner stacked models. In the helical NOBK model, there is always a chiral response regardless of the value of N, whereas in the corner NOBK, only configurations with even N demonstrate a chiral response. Generally, the magnitudes of optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and circular dichroism (CD) increase with N when the parameters of each oscillator are fixed. In cases of weak coupling, the spectral shapes of ORD and CD remain invariant, while strong coupling significantly alters the spectral shapes. For large damping, the spectral amplitude becomes smaller, and the spectral features become broader. In the presence of small damping, strong coupling introduces degeneracy in the coupled oscillator system, leading to multiple spectral features in both ORD and CD across the entire spectral region. This simple model not only can help in the design of tunable chiral metamaterials but also enhance our understanding of chiro-optical responses in structures with different configurations.
Improved Viability of Spray-Dried Pantoea agglomerans for Phage-Carrier Mediated Control of Fire Blight
Authors: Ibrahim Nassereldin , Nesbitt Darlene , Quo Tracy , Lin Janet , Svircev Antonet , Wang Qi , Weadge Joel T. , Anany Hany
Published: December 2023

Fire blight, caused by Erwinia amylovora, is a devastating bacterial disease that threatens world-wide production of apples and pears. In Canada and the US, streptomycin and kasugamycin are commonly used for the control of this pathogen. There is an urgent need for development of biocontrol agents (BCAs) that can be easily incorporated into integrated pest management pro-grams with high efficacy against streptomycin sensitive and resistant strains of E. amylovora. In addition, excessive use of antibiotics in agriculture has increased awareness of the possibility of antibiotic resistance gene transfer to human, animal and environmental microbes. To address this issue, a phage-carrier system (PCS) that combines Pantoea agglomerans as an antagonistic bacterial carrier of Erwinia phages as a double-pronged treatment for fire blight have been de-veloped. The low viability of P. agglomerans cells following spray drying challenged the industrial scale production of this PCS. In the present research, a spray drying protocol was developed for P. agglomerans by modifying the growth medium and the bacterial cell formulation using D(+)-trehalose and maltodextrin. The developed protocol is amenable to industrial scale pro-duction of the BCA/PCS. The P. agglomerans viability was greater than 90% after spray drying, had a prolonged shelf life of 4 months at 4 C, and the reconstituted cells showed an approximate 3 log reduction in E. amylovora counts with a green pear disc challenge assay.
Multivariate Robust MRCD Based Hotelling’s T2 Control Chart with Bootstrap Control Limit for Intrusion Detection
Authors: Prasetya Ichwanul Kahfi , Ahsan Muhammad , Mashuri Muhammad , Lee Muhammad Hisyam
Published: December 2023

Intrusion detection is generally carried out by matching network traffic patterns with known attack patterns or by identifying abnormal network traffic patterns. One statistical methodological approach used in intrusion detection is Statistical Process Control (SPC) by constructing a control chart. Hotelling’s T2 control chart is a multivariate control chart commonly used to monitor the mean process. The performance of the T2 chart in monitoring mean shifts can be increased if a robust estimator is utilized. Based on previous research, T2 based on the Fast-MCD estimator has good performance in monitoring low to medium outlier contaminated data. Therefore, the MRCD estimator can be used to detect intrusion. On the other hand, this research focuses on developing a bootstrap-based robust Hotelling’s T2 charts with Fast-MCD and MRCD estimators for evaluating performance in detecting intrusion on intrusion detection datasets. Based application of UNSW-NB15, the proposed chart has better performance than the conventional T2 and Fast-MCD-based T2 despite the longer execution time.
A New Frontier in Hypertension Management: Formulating and Characterizing Subcutaneous Implants using Hot Melt Extrusion
Authors: Chitnis Kshitij , Narala Nagarjuna , Narala Sagar , Munnangi Siva Ram , Vemula Sateesh Kumar , Repka Michael A
Published: December 2023

Hypertension (HTN) is the foremost contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which remain a leading cause of death. However, adherence to the properly prescribed dosage form is critical and challenging for patients with chronic diseases such as HTN to prevent illness progression and death. The study’s objective was to develop AMB-loaded subcutaneous implants to reduce the frequency of administration, thus improving patient compliance during HTN management. AMB subcutaneous implants were prepared using continuous hot melt extrusion technology using PCL and PLGA with dimensions of 7.5 cm (length) by 2 mm (diameter). The implants were characterized for thermal characteristics, drug-excipient incompatibilities, surface morphology, fracturability, in vitro release, and stability studies. DSC showed that the drug was in the crystalline state in the fabricated implants. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a smooth surface. The lead formulation presented good drug content, showed an extended drug release profile over 30 days, and followed zero-order release kinetics with a mean dissolution time of 15 days. The formulation was stable over 30 days in accelerated stability conditions (the last time point was tested, 40℃/75% RH), and the release profile was similar to the initial drug release profile. The lead formulation showed good fracturability during textural analysis. Therefore, the hot melt extruded implants could be an alternative management strategy for conventional amlodipine besylate (AMB) formulation.
Elucidating the Biological Effects of Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA) Extracted from Septic Mice: In Vitro and In Vivo Investigations and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Lee Hyungdon , Rahman Md. Habibur , Abdul-Nasir Sofian , Kim Cheol-Su , Kim Bohyeon , Park Jieun , Lim Taehun , Rajoriya Shivani , Kim Won-Keun , Kim Soo-Ki
Published: December 2023

cfDNA is known to be a beneficial biomarker for the diagnosis, treatment response, and prognosis of sepsis. Previous cell line studies have shown that cfDNA in septic mice triggers inflammatory responses and tissue damage, and the mechanism occurs by binding to toll-like receptors (TLRs). Meanwhile, reactive oxidative species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are increased in sepsis, which is known to be associated with organ failure and poor prognosis of sepsis through immunoredox imbalance. This study investigates the occurrence and mechanisms of inflammatory responses when cfDNA from septic mice is administered to macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) and normal ICR mice aged 7-9 weeks. In addition, cfDNA-activated genes and their pathways are investigated and studied. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) measured 24 hours after administration of 100, 200, and 400 ng/mL of sepsis-derived cfDNA to healthy mice was significantly higher in the 400 ng/mL group than in the control group. Furthermore, in macrophage cell line experiments, total ROS, NO, and catalase concentrations measured at 24 hours after cfDNA administration were significantly increased compared to the control group. In the meantime, cell viability studies revealed that the viability of the group treated with cfDNA from septic mice was much lower than that of the control group treated with normal human cfDNA. Cytokine levels such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-σ), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher in the 5 ng/mL group when compared to the 1 ng/mL group, but levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were not significantly higher. Finally, we measured the expression levels of several oxidative stress genes and receptor (TLR) genes and found that 46 cytokines & chemokines genes, namely II23a, Cxc10, XcI1, Csf1, Tnfsf10, Tnf, II10, Tgfb2, Ltb, II15, CcI22, Cd70, Cc15, Lta, CxcI11, Cntf, Ctf1, Bmp6, II11, II22, II24, II27, CxcI12, Ccl7, Tnfsf11, Gapdh, Hprt, Ppia, RpI13a, Tbp, Spp1, Cd40lg, Cxcl3, Cxcl1, lfng, Thpo, Ppbp, II5, II13, Fasl, Ccl11, Bmp4, Ccl4, Cxc19, Adipoq and Tnfrs11b and 18 oxidative stress genes, namely Sod3, Gpx1, Ucp2, Krt1, Cygp, II19, Rag2, Epx, Hspa1a, Psmb5, Prdx2, Txn1, Ngb, Nox4, Ercc2, Ncf2, Noxo1, and Ptgs1 were expressed at various levels, and 13 receptor genes, namely Sod3, Gpx1, Cd80, NfkbiL1, Tlr3, II2, Eif2ak2, II6ra, Hmgb1, Chuk, Tirap, Tradd, and Mapk8ip3, were also expressed at various levels. cfDNA from septic mice and healthy humans exhibit different immunoredox responses through immunoredox-related gene pathways.
Hydroquinone Ecotoxicity: Unveiling Risks in Soil and River Ecosystems with Insights into Microbial Resilience
Authors: Valenzuela Antonio , Ballestero Diego , Gan Cristina , Lorca Guillermo , Langa Elisa , Pino-Otín Mª Rosa
Published: December 2023

Despite widespread industrial use, the environmental safety of Hydroquinone (HQ), a benzene compound from plants used in processes like cosmetics, remains uncertain. This study evaluated the ecotoxicological impact of HQ on soil and river environments, utilizing non-target indicator organisms from diverse trophic levels: Daphnia magna, Vibrio fischeri, Allium cepa, and Eisenia fetida. For a more environmentally realistic assessment, microbial communities from a river and un-treated soil underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing, with growth and changes in community-level physiological profiling assessed using Biolog EcoPlate™ assays. The water indicator D. magna exhibited the highest sensitivity to HQ (EC50 = 0.142 µg/mL), followed by V. fischeri (EC50 = 1.446 µg/mL), and A. cepa (LC50 = 7.631 µg/mL), while E. fetida showed the highest resistance (EC50 = 234 mg/Kg). Remarkably, microbial communities mitigated HQ impact in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. River microorganisms displayed minimal inhibition, except for a significant re-duction in polymer metabolism at the highest concentration (100 µg/mL). Soil communities demonstrated resilience up to 100 µg/mL, beyond which there was a significant decrease in population growth and the capacity to metabolize carbohydrates and polymers. Despite microbial mitigation, HQ remains highly toxic to various trophic levels, emphasizing the necessity for en-vironmental regulations.
Digital signature algorithm based on ElGamal, Diffie-Hellman protocol and the number π
Authors: Flores-Carapia Rolando , Silva-García Víctor Manuel , González-Ramírez Marlon David , Villarreal-Cervantes Miguel Gabriel
Published: December 2023

This research proposes an algorithm to sign messages using the ElGamal asymmetric cryptosystem, called: Digital signature algorithm based on ElGamal, Diffie-Hellman protocol and the number π (DSAπ). This proposal has a high level of security like the DSA standard, in addition, execution times are reduced in relation to it. The Diffie-Hellman protocol and the number π were used in the construction of the digital signature algorithm in conjunction with the Hash-Sha-512 function. Some experiments are presented to provide evidence that the bits on the right side of the decimal point of π appear randomly, such as: a color image was constructed of a string of consecutive bits chosen at random, of the number π. Subsequently, parameters such as: entropy, correlation, discrete Fourier transform, goodness-of-fit test χ2 were evaluated. It is mentioned that an S-box 8×8 is involved in the signature. The sensitivity of the signature was measured, that is, when small changes are made to the sender’s private key, or small changes to the message. Finally, an image was constructed using the signatures of random texts, and subsequently the randomness of its pixels was obtained, to verify that there is no relationship between the different signatures.
Diversity of Unusual Ribosomal Genes and Ecological Origin of Rice
Authors: Tan Xiyun , Peng Guixiang , Muhammad Sajid , Kaleem Sidra , Jan Mehmood , Munir Raheel , Chen Xiaoyuan , Khattak Arif Ali , Abid Abbas Ali , Chen Yihang , Wang Xiaolin , Afzal Muhammad , Tan Zhiyuan
Published: December 2023

Tandemly organized rRNA genes are the typical example of a multigene family, where individual members evolve coordinately within but independently between species due to gene conversion and unequal crossing over. More frequently, in eukaryotic species with an inter-species hybrid origin, expression of unhomogenized rRNA genes from one progenitor is epigenetically silenced because of nucleolus dominance, and distinct rRNA genes may lose functionality and evolve faster. Interestingly, we obtained unusual ribosomal gene sequences from Oryza species that showed great diversity and did not appear in the present rice genomic sequence. The diversity of rDNA sequences indicated that the homogenization in rice is incomplete and explains the introgression of distinct rRNA gene families into ancestral rice genome before speciation and continent separation. The divergent large subunit (LSU) ribosomal genes are expressed, some of them differentially, depending on the N-fertilization of plants. Detection of differential transcripts of the rRNA genes suggested that rRNA gene families are not functionally equivalent. Phylogenetic analysis assigned Oryza species branching order to monocots, and monocot lineages probably have the same ecological origin by molecular clock calculation. Therefore, our results suggested that the geographical distances of continents separation cause barriers to the gene flow and homogenization among Oryza species which requires further explanation,
Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil C:N:P:K Eco-Stoichiometry of Farmland and Grassland in the Agro-Pastoral Ecotone in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Liu Miao , Han Li , Yang Jinhu , Zhao Xinyao , Qu Jiahui , Li Lijun , Bai Yunlong , Yan Dong , Hou Guannan
Published: December 2023

Ecological stoichiometry is an important index to reflect ecological interaction and the balance of various elements in ecological processes. At present, the stoichiometric spatial distribution of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in farmland and grassland of Inner Mongolia and its influencing factors are still unclear. In this study, the spatial distribution of soil nutrient content and stoichiometry and the effects of environmental factors on soil C:N:P:K stoichiometry were analyzed under different land use patterns in four agro-pastoral areas. The results showed that there was a geographical gradient in the ecological stoichiometric relationship between farmland and grassland. RCN, RCP, RCK, RNP and RNK showed an "N" distribution from west to east, while RPK showed a "V" distribution. The difference in spatial distribution was more significant than the difference in land use pattern. The ecological stoichiometric relationship of grassland was mainly affected by the content of C and N, and was related to the similarity of soil properties. The field ecological stoichiometry was mainly affected by the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, and had a great relationship with fertilization. The effects of MAT and MAP on soil ecological stoichiometry were related to the inter-regional environmental heterogeneity. The influence of MAP on farmland and MAT on grassland was more significant. It was of great significance for field management according to local conditions, rational utilization of land resources and sustainable development of agriculture to clarify the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of farmland and grassland in agro-pastoral ecotone.
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of New Dermaseptin Derivatives against Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: HADDAD Houda , MEJRI Radhia , De ARAUJO Alyne Rodriguez , Zaïri Amira
Published: December 2023

Healthcare-Associated infections (HAIs) affect more than 100 million patients each year worldwide. These infections are mainly caused by multi-resistant bacterial strains (MDR) such as Acinetobacter Baumanii which is responsible of high mortality rate in immunocompromised individuals. However, the treatment is further aggravated by the abuse of antibiotics, the lack of vaccine and the emergence of resistance posing a huge challenge for the discovery of new therapeutic drugs to overcome this nosocomial infection. In this context, antimicrobial peptides with potential antibacterial proprieties could be an alternative. In this research, we describe the synthesis and the bioactivity of dermaseptins and their derivatives against Acitenobacter baumanii. The cytotoxicity of these DS was investigated on the HEp-2 cell line by the MTT cell viability assay. Thereafter, we studied morphological alterations caused by the action of one of the active peptides on the bacterial membrane using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The cytotoxicity of dermaseptins was concentration-dependent at microgram concentrations. It was observed that all tested analogs exhibit antibacterial activity with MICs ranging from 3.125 to 12.5 μg/mL and MBCs ranging from 6.25 to 25 μg/mL. Microscopic images obtained by AFM revealed morphological changes on the surface of treated bacteria caused by K4S4(1-16), as well as significant surface alterations. Overall, these findings demonstrate that DS might constitute new lead structures for the development of potent antibacterial agents against Acinetobacter infections.
Fueling Nigeria Future: Empowering Industries and Tackling Waste through Innovative Hydrogen Energy Solutions from Industrial Process Gases
Authors: JOHNSON NNADIKWE , JUSTIN AKUCHIE CHUKWUMA , AZUNNA , ONUABUCHI
Published: December 2023

"Hydrogen is an extremely promising energy carrier, poised to become a commercially viable product in the coming years. However, there are significant hurdles that need to be addressed. One such challenge is the high energy consumption during the electrolysis process, which is used to produce hydrogen. Furthermore, the co-production of CO and CO2 during steam hydrocarbon reforming adds to the complexity. Finding innovative solutions to these issues is crucial for the widespread adoption of hydrogen as a clean and efficient energy source." Simultaneously, various industries have the capability to generate hydrogen as a by-product, each with differing levels of purity. For instance, sodium and chlorine production plants have the potential to produce high-purity hydrogen. On the other hand, digester and sewage gas can yield low-purity hydrogen. In both instances, there is an economic incentive to utilize this hydrogen for energy production or to inject it into existing natural gas pipelines A brief estimation of the technical potential of utilizing hydrogen from various sources in Nigeria, specifically for fuel cell usage, has been conducted. Moreover, resource potential visualization maps have been generated to help visualize the availability and distribution of these hydrogen sources throughout the country.
Optimising Hip and Knee Joint Mobility in College Women Students: Assessing the Influence of Hydraulic Resistance Training with Self-Myofascial Release
Authors: K Manosakthi , K Dr Divya
Published: December 2023

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the impact of a modern lifestyle on college female students' health, specifically focusing on their hip and knee joint mobility. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of hydraulic resistance training with the self-myofascial release technique on improving joint mobility in female college students. The training also aimed to compare the effectiveness of hydraulic resistance exercise with and without the self-myofascial release technique on hip and knee joint mobility.Methods The study used a randomized controlled trial design to recruit 30 female college students aged 18-25 through campus advertisements and announcements. Medical conditions or injuries that might have affected participation was screened. Participants were indiscriminately allocated to Group A (Hydraulic Resistance Training with Self-Myofascial Technique) or Group B (Hydraulic Resistance Training without Self-Myofascial Technique). The baseline assessments included joint range of motion (ROM) measurements using a goniometer. Certified trainers supervised the training sessions, and the data were analyzed using SD and mean using SPSS. ResultsThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of hydraulic resistance training with self-myofascial release on hip and knee joint mobility in female college students. The results showed that both groups showed improved hip and knee flexion with and without the self-myofascial release technique. However, the Group A using the self-myofascial release technique (Group A) showed a more significant enhancement, as indicated by the smaller p value compared to Group B. It has been suggested that the self-myofascial release technique may improve hip and knee joint mobility. ConclusionThis study concluded that Hydraulic Resistance Training with Self-Myofascial Release (HSMR) could improve hip and knee joint mobility among female college students. These findings suggest that integrating the self-myofascial release technique into training regimens can improve joint mobility. However, further research with larger sample sizes and extended intervention periods was needed to understand the long-term effects and sustainability of these improvements.
Ecophysiological Response of Olive Trees under Different Fruit Load
Authors: Kokkotos Efthymios , Zotos Anastasios , Patakas Angelos
Published: December 2023

Olive trees have a unique reproductive pattern marked by biennial fruiting. This study delves into the repercussions of alternate fruit bearing on the water relations of olive trees and the associated ecophysiological mechanisms. The experiment spanned two consecutive years: the "ON" year, characterized by a high crop load, and the "OFF" year, marked by minimal fruit production. Key ecophysiological parameters, including sap flow, stomatal conductance, and photosynthetic rate, were monitored in both years. Pre-dawn water potential was measured using continuous stem psychrometers and the pressure chamber technique. Biochemically, non-structural carbohydrate concentrations (starch, sucrose, and mannitol) and the carbon-stable isotope ratio (δ13C) in olive leaves were examined. Results unveiled heightened leaf gas exchange during the "ON" year, leading to increased water consumption and photosynthetic rates. This escalated water usage during the "ON" year significantly reduced leaf water potential. Sucrose and starch concentrations were notably elevated in the "ON" year, with no significant impact on mannitol concentration. Regarding the carbon stable isotope ratio, leaves from the "OFF" year exhibited significantly higher δ13C abundance, indicative of heightened resistance to the CO2 pathway from the atmosphere to carboxylation sites compared to the "ON" year plants.
Authorized and unauthorized consumption of SVOD content: Modeling determinants of demand and measuring effects of enforcing access control
Authors: Redondo Ignacio , Serrano Diana
Published: December 2023

Consumers are attracted by the increasing number of available SVOD platforms, but subscribing to all of them would be too expensive. To reduce costs, consumers could combine the use of proprietary subscriptions, non-proprietary subscriptions, and illegal streaming sites. In turn, platforms could enforce access control, a decision that could produce the desired reduction in non-proprietary subscriptions but also an undesired reduction in proprietary subscriptions. The effects of this decision and the determinants of SVOD content demand remain largely unexplored. We propose a baseline model where the SVOD content demand is driven by variety seeking, household financial situation, ethical evaluation, and social norms, as well as a change model where the subscription variation is driven by users’ trait reactance and perceived fairness of the decision. We conducted a survey on the current ways of SVOD content consumption and the responses to a hypothetical access control enforcement, with four randomized versions of the authentication mode. Results confirmed many of the proposed determinants and showed a noteworthy reduction in proprietary subscriptions due to the control enforcement but no effect due to the authentication modes. All these findings may help improve future models on SVOD content consumption and better address the difficult challenge of converting unauthorized users into authorized ones.
Theoretical Study on the Structures and Stabilities of CunZn3O3 (N = 1 – 4) Clusters: Sequential Doping of Zn3O3 Cluster with Cu Atoms
Authors: Tao Zhi-Wei , Zou Han-Yi , Li Hong-Hui , Wang Bin , Chen Wen-Jie
Published: December 2023

Density functional theory (DFT) and coupled cluster theory (CCSD(T)) calculations are performed to investigate the geometric, electronic structures and chemical bonding of a series of Cu-doped zinc oxide clusters, CunZn3O3 (n = 1-4). The structural evolution of CunZn3O3 (n = 1-4) clusters are elaborated in our work. The planar seven-membered ring of CuZn3O3 cluster plays an important role in the structural evolution, that is, the Cu atom, Cu dimer (Cu2) and Cu trimer (Cu3) anchor on the CuZn3O3 cluster. The aggregate behavior of Cu atoms on Zn3O3 may offer insight into the study of Cu/ZnO-based catalysts. Additionally, it is found that the CunZn3O3 clusters become more stable as the Cu content (n) increases. Bader charge analysis points out that as the Cu atoms doping, the reducibility of Cu aggregation (Cun-1) on the CuZn3O3 cluster increases. Combined with the d-band centers and the surface electrostatic potential (ESP), the reactivity and the possible reaction sites of CunZn3O3 (n = 1-4) clusters are also illustrated.
The Relationship between the Secondary Vascular System and the Lymphatic Vascular System in Fish
Authors: Varaliová Zuzana , Panara Virginia , Wilting Jörg , Koltowska Katarzyna , Jeltsch Michael
Published: December 2023

New technologies have resulted in a better understanding of blood and lymphatic vascular heterogeneity at the cellular and molecular levels. Meanwhile, we still need to learn more about the heterogeneity of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems between different species at the anatomical and functional levels. Even the deceptively simple question of the functions of fish lymphatic vessels has yet to be conclusively answered. The most common interpretation assumes a similar dual setup of the vasculature in zebrafish and mammals: on the one hand, there is the cardiovascular, circulatory system, and on the other hand, the lymphatic vascular system, in which the unidirectional flow is derived from surplus interstitial fluid and returned into the cardiovascular system. A competing interpretation questions the identity of the lymphatic vessels in fish as at least some of them receive their flow from arteries via specialised anastomoses, neither requiring an interstitial source for the lymphatic flow nor stipulating unidirectionality. In this alternative view, the “fish lymphatics” are a specialised subcompartment of the cardiovascular system, called the “secondary vascular system” (SVS). Many of the contradictions found in the literature appear to stem from the fact that the SVS develops in part or its entirety from an embryonic lymphatic vascular system by transdifferentiation. Future research needs to establish the extent of embryonic transdifferentiation of lymphatics into SVS blood vessels. Similarly, more insight is needed into the molecular regulation of vascular development in fish. Most fish do feature more than the five VEGF genes and three VEGF receptor genes that we know from mice or humans, and the relative tolerance of fish to whole genome and gene duplications could underlie the evolutionary diversification of the vasculature. This review discusses the key elements of the fish lymphatics versus the SVS and attempts to draw a picture coherent with the existing data, including the phylogenetic knowledge.
Clothing, textile, and fashion industry sustainability impact measurement and management
Authors: Madhala Tal , Fisher William
Published: December 2023

Data from the Kering Group's 2018 Environmental Profit and Loss (EP&L) statement were examined for their capacity to meet the demand for meaningful and manageable sustainability metrics. Significant resources were invested in creating the data reported in this EP&L statement, as Kering's operations in 104 countries were evaluated in ways separable into almost 1,500 different indicators. The data system was not, however, designed as a measurement system. That is, it was not set up as specifically positing the possibility of estimating separable parameters for comparing company location performances across sustainability challenges. Of particular importance is the lack of information in the EP&L on the overall consistency of the data reported, on the uncertainties associated with the metrics given, and on the meaningfulness of comparisons across environmental impacts, processes, and materials. The results reported here showing far from perfect data consistency and large uncertainties comprise an effort at constructing meaningful measurements that offers important lessons for the redesign of the data and reporting system.
Performance evaluation of pocket echo using an ultrasonic accuracy control phantom
Authors: Shinohara Norimitsu , Kondo Yohan
Published: December 2023

In addition to being used in hospitals, ultrasound systems are used in many other medical settings such as disaster relief and home care. In these types of settings, it is important to be able to perform a large number of examinations easily and efficiently. Portable ultrasound systems can be used to meet such needs. The evaluation of ultrasound systems has been driven by the development of accuracy control methods used in breast examinations. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of portable ultrasound systems that have not yet been fully investigated. The performance of two ultrasound systems was evaluated using three measures. For physical evaluation, the change in the mean pixel value of the target and the contrast-to-noise ratio were obtained for each ultrasound system. Statistical analyses were performed to compare these measures between the two systems. For visual evaluation, a receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed. The results of the physical and visual evaluations showed no statistically significant differences between the portable ultrasound systems we evaluated and those that are commonly used in clinical practice.
Changes in Revision Cochlear Implantation and Device Failure Profiles
Authors: Song Bokhyun , Oh Subi , Kim Doyun , Cho Young Sang , Moon Il Joon
Published: December 2023

Objectives. As cochlear implantation (CI) experiences rapid innovations and its indications expand, the characteristics of revision CI (RCI) are evolving. This study investigated changes in the RCI profile and explored their clinical implications.Methods. A retrospective chart review was conducted of all CIs performed at a tertiary medical institution between October 2001 and January 2023. The rates of and reasons for RCI were evaluated in relation to the manufacturer and device model. Kaplan-Meier analysis was employed to examine cumulative and device survival curves. Cumulative and device survival rates were additionally analyzed based on age group, period of primary CI, and manufacturer. A Cox proportional hazards model was employed to evaluate the association between RCI and the device manufacturer.Results. Among 1,430 CIs, 73 (5.1%) required RCI. The predominant reason for RCI was device failure (40 of 73 RCIs [54.8%]), with an overall device failure rate of 2.8%. This was followed by flap-associated problems and migration (nine of 73 RCIs each [12.3%]). Flap retention issues emerged as a new cause in three cases (two involving the CI 632 and one involving the SYNCHRONY 2 implant), and six instances of electrode tip fold-over arose (four for the CI 600 series and two for the CI 500 series). The overall 10-year cumulative and device survival rates were 93.4% and 95.8%, respectively. After excluding models with recall issues, significant differences in cumulative (P =0.010) and device (P =0.001) survival rates were observed across manufacturers.Conclusion. While the overall CI survival rate is stable, device failure persists as the predominant reason for RCI. Moreover, the types of complications leading to revision (including issues with flap retention and electrode tip fold-over) have shifted, particularly for newer implant models. Given the clinical importance of device failure and subsequent reoperation, clinicians should remain informed about and responsive to these trends.
Downregulation of TET2 Contributes to Nasal Polypogenesis Through Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α-Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Liu Kunyu , Xu Yu
Published: December 2023

Objectives. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) have been reported to mediate nasal polypogenesis through the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, HIF1α can regulate the expression and function of TET2. However, the precise mechanism of how TET2 regulates the EMT through HIF1α mediation in nasal epithelial cells is still poorly understood.Methods. Nasal tissue samples were collected from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and controls. The expression of HIF1α and TET2 was detected using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. EMT markers (E-cadherin and vimentin) were also evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Primary human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) were stimulated with CoCl2 to mimic hypoxia. Vitamin C (VC), a TET2 non-specific activator, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection of TET2 were used to further determine the role of TET2 in hypoxia-induced EMT. Finally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Nrf2 were measured to explore the downstream consequences of TET2 in hypoxic hNECs.Results. TET2 levels were lower in the nasal epithelium of CRSwNP patients and were positively correlated with E-cadherin but negatively correlated with vimentin in CRS. However, HIF1α exhibited the opposite pattern and was negatively correlated with TET2 expression. CoCl2-simulated hypoxia led to EMT and increased HIF1α in hNECs in vitro, with simultaneous downregulation of TET2 expression. Addition of VC activated TET2 expression in hNECs, but inhibited EMT and HIF1α expression. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of TET2 contributed to the EMT in CoCl2-simulated hNECs despite the addition of VC. Finally, TET2 regulated the EMT in hypoxic hNECs through Nrf2 expression and ROS generation.Conclusion. TET2 was negatively correlated with HIF1α and EMT in vivo. TET2 was downregulated by HIF1α, resulting in the EMT in CoCl2-hypoxic hNECs via regulation of oxidative stress in vitro. Hence, TET2 might provide a new therapeutic approach for CRSwNP
CONSTRUÇÃO DA CIDADANIA FOMENTADA PELO ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM EM GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Castro dos Santos Sheila
Published: December 2023

O objetivo central deste texto foi o de evidenciar a importância do ensino de Geografia Política, aplicada tanto na geografia acadêmica quanto na geografia escolar, resultando na formação de uma consciência direcionada à cidadania. Os procedimentos metodológicos desenvolvidos foram de base descritiva e explicativa, em conjunto com a metodologia qualitativa, de viés bibliográfico, interagindo com a hermenêutica, na proposta das intertextualizações do que foi escrito, lido e interpretado, para que ocorra uma transformação cognitiva e o leitor forme novas maneiras de compreensão de seu papel na sociedade como cidadão a partir de leituras, criando assim reflexões e possibilidades de entendimento do mundo. Na adaptação literária, visou-se explicar a organização estatal, o que implicou diretamente na utilização da Constituição Federal de 1988, de textos do ensino em geografia e da escola crítica da geografia, pois a partir dela o espaço é considerado produto das constantes territorialidades humana que o moldam, conforme sua intencionalidade, gerando ou impedindo a formação de cidadãos.
A hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach for the risk assessment in the automotive parts industry
Authors: chakhrit ammar , Guetarni Islam Hadj Mohamed , Chennoufi Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is a structured method frequently utilized to recognize and eliminate possible failure modes. In the overall FMEA procedure, failure modes are evaluated and prioritized based on the risk priority numbers (RPN), calculated by multiplying three parameters: frequency (F), non-detection (ND), and severity (S). However, the conventional FMEA method fails to cope with the uncertainty in complex systems. To address the challenge of ambiguity and uncertainty, an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used as a dynamic selected model where these factors are represented as components of a fuzzy set that has been fuzzified utilizing the suitable membership functions to predict the criticality evaluation of failure modes. In addition, to enhance decision-makers' confidence a new hybrid model for acquiring a more logical ranking of failure modes is suggested. Essentially, two parts of the evaluation procedure are explained: determining the weights of risk parameters using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and ranking the failure modes using a mathematical rough set theory and ‘Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution’ (TOPSIS) method. In the current study, the failure modes are ranked by considering two further parameters, involving cost and treatment duration. Finally, an automotive parts industry case is presented to show the potential of the proposed approach. This analysis provides a different ranking of failure modes and improves the decision-making by providing a “preventive –corrective plan. A comparison with existing approaches is presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the suggested approach.