bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of nutrition education in the pharmacy curriculum using the example of knowledge about the health benefits of nuts
Authors: Stević Ivana , Milenković Danijela , Petrović Ana , Pejčić Ana , Dodevska Margarita , Ilić Marija Prvulović , Ivanović Nevena
Published: November 2024

In recent years, nuts have gained importance because of their nutritional benefits in promoting health and preventing chronic diseases. Despite their recognized role as part of healthy dietary patterns, global consumption is below recommended levels, necessitating an investigation of factors influencing consumption and the impact of nutrition education.

Objective

To investigate the attitudes, knowledge and consumption habits of students in Serbia regarding the consumption of nuts and to examine the role and importance of food- or nutrition-related topics in academic curricula in promoting positive attitudes and habits regarding the consumption of nuts among pharmacy students.

Methods

An electronic questionnaire was used to collect data for this cross-sectional study. A total of 509 responses were collected, including 382 from pharmacy students (75.0%) and 127 from non-pharmacy students (25.0%).

Results

Attitudes toward eating nuts were generally positive, with statistically significant differences found between pharmacy students and non-pharmacy students for 10 statements. The knowledge levels differed, with the mean total number of correct answers in the total sample being 3.9 ± 2.5 (R: 0-11, Mdn: 4) out of 13, and there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between pharmacy students and non-pharmacy students on 8 out of 13 knowledge questions. The study revealed that students obtained information about the health benefits of nuts, mainly from college lectures (51.9%) and mass media (60.9%). More than half of the students (57.8%) expressed a desire for additional information about nuts, which influenced their attitudes significantly more than their level of knowledge.

Conclusion

The results showed that pharmacy students had better knowledge and more positive attitudes toward the consumption of nuts compared to non-pharmacy students. Although completion of nutrition-related courses showed some positive influence, this was not statistically significant for most attitudes and beliefs. These findings underscore the potential value of integrating comprehensive nutrition education into pharmacy curricula, as the combination of knowledge and positive attitudes fostered by pharmacy and nutrition education will enable future health professionals to play a critical role in promoting healthier and sustainable eating habits in the population.
A new model for the diagnostic assessment services trajectory for neurodevelopmental conditions
Authors: Jacques Claudine , Rivard Mélina , Mello Catherine , Abouzeid Nadia , Hérault Élodie , Saulnier Geneviève
Published: November 2024

Purpose

The Canadian province of Québec faces several issues regarding the accessibility and quality of diagnostic assessment and the efficiency and continuity of evaluation, support, and intervention services for children with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). To address these issues, the Ministry of Health and Social Services mandated a research team to initiate the development of a reference trajectory, i.e., a proposed model pathway based on national and international best practices and research, for the diagnostic assessment of NDCs in children aged 0–7 years.

Methods

The present study focused on the development of a logic model to operationalize the diagnostic services trajectory using a community-based participatory research approach and informed by implementation science. This involved representatives from multiple stakeholder groups (e.g., parents, professionals, physicians, administrators, researchers). Project steps included an analysis of best practices from a literature review on diagnostic trajectories, focus groups and interviews with stakeholders, and a validation process to ensure the appropriateness of the final model.

Results

The integration of existing research and stakeholder input resulted in a logic model for a new diagnostic services trajectory for children aged 0–7 years suspected of NDCs and identified key ingredients that should be present in its future implementation.

Conclusion

The proposed model for a diagnostic services trajectory is expected to address several systemic issues identified previously. Its implementation will need to be evaluated to ensure its sustained focus on the needs of families and its ability to promote their quality of life, well-being, and involvement.
Transgender health issues addressed in research on telehealth use: a scoping review
Authors: Gahbauer Susanne , Haluza Daniela
Published: November 2024

Telehealth is a valuable tool for reminding transgender-persons to undergo HIV testing, hormone injections, and voice training. Despite increased awareness of the unique health needs of transgender-individuals in recent years, effectively addressing their concerns remains challenging. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected socioeconomic status, mental health, and access to gender-affirming treatment. To better understand how individuals and their specific health issues are addressed in telehealth solutions, we conducted a scoping review using PubMed and Scopus, spanning from 2000 to 2021. We screened eligible articles following the PRISMA checklist, extracted the data, and performed a thematic analysis of 100 reports. For control purposes, we double-checked the ratings during the screening and coding. Our results show that telehealth is primarily used for healthcare access, sexual and reproductive health, and mental health. Since 2020, the overall number of publications has greatly increased, with only nine reports explicitly referring to COVID-19-related challenges. The latter relate exclusively to clinical purposes such as healthcare access. We found that transgender-women were researched more often than transgender-men, particularly in the field of sexual and reproductive health research. Some studies included groups other than transgender-persons, such as parents or clinicians, who might be relevant for advancing telehealth use. The review’s findings highlight the need for more research that considers the diversity of transgender-groups and the adapted use of diverse technological tools beyond pandemics and public health crises.
Through the backdoor – questioning the transformative impact of Social Start-Ups within the digitalization discourse of social services
Authors: Peters Luisa , Truschkat Inga
Published: November 2024

The aim of this article is to take an analytical look at Social Start-Ups as organizational discourse actors of a digitalization discourse in the field of social services. The digital transformation is understood as an all-encompassing socio-cultural phenomenon that gives rise to new discourse arenas in the field of social services, in which Social Start-Ups occupy a special position. So far, however, little is known about the actual role of Social Start-Ups in the digitization discourse of social service work, although they differ from established social services and thus occupy a special spokesperson position. Firstly, Social Start-Ups are characterized by a hybrid organizational structure in that they want to realize social services as commercial enterprises and thus reconcile economic and social goals. Secondly, their entire organizational structure and service practice is a priori based on digital tools and practices that established social services tend to negotiate critically for themselves. Against this background, the article empirically discusses and critically examines the discursive influence of Social Start-Ups on the digitization discourse of social work. The article contributes to understanding how Social Start-Ups influence the digitalization discourse in social services, offering new insights into their unique role as hybrid organizations balancing economic and social goals. By examining their use of digital tools, the research sheds light on alternative models that challenge traditional service providers. This is crucial for advancing research on the evolving role of digitalization in social services and its practical implications for improving service delivery.
Digital activism in Southeast Asia: the #MilkTeaAlliance and prospects for social resistance
Authors: Putra Bama Andika
Published: November 2024

Digital activism in Southeast Asia is on the rise. The Milk Tea Alliance, known as a collaboration of netizens voicing human rights concerns in Asia, has now reached the citizens of Southeast Asian autocratic regimes, including Myanmar. Having faced decades of human rights oppression and undemocratic rule, the Milk Tea Alliance of Myanmar has been vocal in disseminating the post-2021 military coup domestic situation and reimagining what a democratic Myanmar would consist of in the future. This perspective article argues the significance of digital activism for Myanmar by tracing what the existing literature misses in assessing this phenomenon and the nexus between Myanmar’s Milk Tea Alliance and the prospects of change in the state’s democratic landscape. Taking into consideration the development of digital activism in Myanmar between 2020 and 2024 and adopting the theoretical frameworks of “legislative opportunism” and “liberation technology,” this study concludes several possibilities: (1) the massive following of Myanmar’s Milk Tea Alliance could establish the foundations for offline movements mimicking the Arab Spring; (2) the harnessing of democratic thoughts among citizens; and (3) changes from within are feasible through digital activism compared to externally imposed actions such as through the regional organization of Southeast Asia, ASEAN.
Risk factors for omphalitis in neonatal dairy calves
Authors: Meier Kim K. , Stock Annegret , Merle Roswitha , Arndt Heidi , Dachrodt Linda , Hoedemaker Martina , Kellermann Laura , Knubben-Schweizer Gabriela , Volkmann Maria , Müller Kerstin-Elisabeth
Published: November 2024

Knowledge about potential risk factors for animal health is crucial to achieve animal welfare. The aim of this study was to provide practical guidance for farmers to improve the health status of their youngstock by identifying and eliminating risk factors for omphalitis in neonatal calves. A cross-sectional study including 3,445 dairy calves from 567 farms located in three structurally different regions of Germany was performed from December 2016 to July 2019. On each farm calves aged five to 21 days underwent clinical examinations with special consideration of the umbilicus for signs of inflammation. Information regarding animal health, hygiene, and management was obtained via interviews with the farmers. Rearing conditions were recorded following visual inspection using written standard operating procedures. Multifactorial statistical analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for omphalitis on animal and farm level. The overall omphalitis prevalence in calves aged five to 21 days was 30.9%. Across all regions and farms, every fourth calf per farm exhibited signs of omphalitis (median farm prevalence: 25.0%, interquartile range: 0.0–50.0%). According to the farmers, however, only 4.5% of the calves had been treated for omphalitis in the preceding 12 months. Risk factors for omphalitis identified included the dampness of the lying area in the first 2 weeks of life, a body condition score of the dam after calving outside the optimal range, and the time that calves spent with their dam after birth. Calves on farms providing dry lying areas in the first 2 weeks of life had 0.77 times the risk of omphalitis compared to calves on farms with predominantly damp bedding. When the dams were judged under- or over-conditioned after calving, their offspring had a 1.4 times higher omphalitis risk, respectively, compared to calves from dams optimal conditioned. Calves from farms separating calf and dam beyond 12 h after birth were 0.75 times as likely to develop omphalitis than calves from farms performing immediate separation. These results highlight the complexity of multifactorial diseases such as umbilical infection. The evidence presented can help to establish guidelines for dairy farmers to improve the umbilical health of their calves.
Evaluation of an attenuated chicken-origin Histomonas meleagridis vaccine for the prevention of histomonosis in chickens
Authors: Chen Qiao-Guang , Kong Ling-Ming , Rong Jie , Chen Chen , Wang Shuang , Hou Zhao-Feng , Liu Dan-Dan , Tao Jian-Ping , Xu Jin-Jun
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Histomonosis, a protozoan disease caused by Histomonas meleagridis, poses a significant economic burden on domestic poultry in China. To reduce the losses caused by this disease in chickens, an attenuated vaccine was developed by exploiting the diminished virulence of H. meleagridis through successive in vitro passages.

Methods

Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the viability of attenuated H. meleagridis as a potential vaccine candidate. Experiment 1 evaluated the route of infection (oral vs. intracloacal) and dose (5 × 104, 1 × 105, and 2 × 105H. meleagridis/chicken) using the virulent strain H. meleagridis JSYZ-D10. Experiment 2 evaluated the attenuated effect of the H. meleagridis JSYZ-D168 strain (infection dose: 2 × 105H. meleagridis/chicken). Experiment 3 evaluated the immunoprotective effect of different immunization doses (5 × 104, 1 × 105, and 2 × 105H. meleagridis/chicken). Experiment 4 evaluated the immunoprotective effect of different immunization schedules (immunization at 3 days of age; immunization at 14 days of age; two immunizations, one at 3 days of age and one at 14 days of age; immunization and infection dose: 2 × 105H. meleagridis/chicken).

Results

The results showed that the intracloacal route of infection was more effective and stable compared to the oral route. The pathogenicity of the JSYZ-D168 H. meleagridis strain was significantly reduced compared to the original virulent strain. Chickens vaccinated by intracloacal immunization at a dose of 2 × 105H. meleagridis/chicken on day 14 provided effective protection against a virulent strain challenge, significantly resulting in increased body weight and reduced lesions in the cecum and liver within 28 days post-immunization (p < 0.05). Poor immunoprotection was obtained either when the immunization dose was 1 × 105H. meleagridis/chicken or when the immunization program was a single immunization at 3 days of age only.

Discussion

In conclusion, the administration of a vaccine provides a measurable degree of protection against the detrimental effects induced by H. meleagridis, thus warranting its endorsement in clinical settings.
Stability of Stochastic Coupled Networks with Time-Varying Coupling Under Intermittent Event-Triggered Control
Authors: Wu Yongbao , Bing Jiayi
Published: November 2024

This paper studies the exponential stability in the mean square of the stochastic complex networks with time-varying coupling under an intermittent dynamic event-triggered control. A dynamic term and an exponential function are introduced into the event-triggered mechanism to reduce the number of control updates. Simultaneously, the minimum inter-execution time for every sample path solution of the stochastic complex networks, independent mathematical expectation, is obtained. Unlike previous research, the event-triggered mechanism under the stochastic version is more reasonable due to the absence of mathematical expectations in the event-triggered function. Furthermore, using the average control rate for intermittent strategy and the Lyapunov method, sufficient conditions for exponential stability in the mean square under intermittent dynamic event-triggered control are derived. Finally, an example with numerical simulations is provided to validate the feasibility of the theoretical results.
Wineinformatics: Wine Score Prediction with Wine Price and Reviews
Authors: Nagayoshi Yuka , Chen Bernard
Published: November 2024

Wineinformatics is a new field that applies data science to wine-related data. The goal of this paper is to determine whether incorporating wine price can improve the accuracy of score prediction. To explore the relationship between wine price and wine score, naive Bayes classifier and support vector machine (SVM) classifier are employed to predict the scores as either equal to or above 90 or below 90. The price values are normalized using four different methods: mean, median, boxplot mean, and boxplot median. To conduct a proper comparison, the original dataset from previous research, which includes a total of 14,349 wine reviews, was preprocessed by filtering all null price values, resulting in 9721 wine reviews. Using this dataset, classifiers, and normalization methods, the models with and without the price feature were compared. SVM classifier with mean normalization method (USD 50.04) achieved the best accuracy of 87.98%, while naive Bayes classifier with boxplot median normalization method (USD 28.00) showed the greatest improvement of 0.99%. From all the results, we concluded that boxplot median normalization (USD 28.00) is the most effective method in this study. These results indicate that incorporating price as an attribute enhances machine learning algorithms’ ability to recognize the correlation between wine reviews and scores.
Microseismicity-Based Modelling of Induced Fracture Networks in Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Pham Tri , Bui-Thanh Tan , Nguyen Quoc
Published: November 2024

A single planar hydraulic fracture is typically the primary component used to simulate hydraulic fracturing stimulation in conventional reservoirs. However, in ultra-low-permeability shale reservoirs, a large system of fracture networks must be generated to produce hydrocarbons economically. Therefore, traditional modeling approaches centered on single planar fractures are inadequate for accurately representing the intricate geometry and behavior of fractures in these reservoirs. In previous works, 2D fractal fracture networks (FFNs) have been used to generate sets of hydraulic and natural fractures based on microseismic event (MSE) data. Since microseismic data are retrieved in 3D space, the aforementioned model cannot accurately represent induced fracture properties. The objective of this paper is to study in detail the recently developed 2D FFN model and propose a novel solution by expanding the previous model to accommodate real 3D microseismic data. First, the definitions of the 2D FFN model are described, and associated calibration mechanisms are proposed. Next, the 3D FFN model and its calibration system are demonstrated. While the novel 3D calibration solution utilizes an identical matching concept to the 2D methodology, the residual distances between the nodes and the MSE are calculated in 3D spaces. Finally, a set of real microseismic data are used to calibrate the generation of 3D fractals using the proposed workflow. The interactions between microseismicity and fractured reservoir dynamics are represented through the integration of fractal fracture models and microseismic data. This work contributes to advancing the current understanding of hydraulic fracturing in unconventional reservoirs and provides a valuable framework for improving fracture modeling’s accuracy in reservoir engineering applications.
Strength and Expansion of LHEC with Different Gypsum Contents Under Thermal Curing
Authors: Jin Bingxin , Wu Shuanglei , Fan Shujing , Hang Fafu , Chen Huxing
Published: November 2024

Low-heat expansive cement (LHEC) is an environmentally friendly and low-carbon cementitious material. Compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), LHEC reduces CO2 emissions from the cement production process; furthermore, it enhances the service life of the cement by overcoming the problem of OPC’s strength inversion in hot and humid environments. In order to improve the performance of LHEC in a hygrothermal environment, the strength and expansion of LHEC with different gypsum dosages (8–20%) at curing temperatures of 20 °C, 50 °C, and 80 °C were investigated. The corresponding mechanism was investigated using XRD, TGA, SEM, and porosity analyses. The results indicate that there is a ‘critical gypsum dosage’ for strength at 20 °C. The ‘critical dosage’ rises with the curing temperature or an increase in age. Raising the curing temperature has a better effect on the strength of cement with a higher gypsum dosage; it does not have such a positive effect on cement with a low gypsum dosage. The higher the gypsum content, the greater the expansion rate, and the longer the time needed for the expansion to stabilize. The higher the curing temperature, the shorter the time required for stable expansion and the lower the final expansion rate. Increasing the gypsum dosage and maintaining the temperature promote the hydration of slag and the formation of ettringite (AFt), thereby enhancing the microstructure of the cement. AFt decomposition occurs in the case of a low gypsum dosage and high curing temperature. According to the above results, it is inferred that the strength and expansion performance of LHEC in a hygrothermal environment can be improved by appropriately increasing its gypsum dosage. This finding offers valuable insights for the improvement of LHEC and its application in hygrothermal conditions.
Finite-Time Stability Analysis of a Discrete-Time Generalized Reaction–Diffusion System
Authors: Almatroud Othman Abdullah , Ouannas Adel
Published: November 2024

This paper delves into a comprehensive analysis of a generalized impulsive discrete reaction–diffusion system under periodic boundary conditions. It investigates the behavior of reactant concentrations through a model governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) incorporating both diffusion mechanisms and nonlinear interactions. By employing finite difference methods for discretization, this study retains the core dynamics of the continuous model, extending into a discrete framework with impulse moments and time delays. This approach facilitates the exploration of finite-time stability (FTS) and dynamic convergence of the error system, offering robust insights into the conditions necessary for achieving equilibrium states. Numerical simulations are presented, focusing on the Lengyel–Epstein (LE) and Degn–Harrison (DH) models, which, respectively, represent the chlorite–iodide–malonic acid (CIMA) reaction and bacterial respiration in Klebsiella. Stability analysis is conducted using Matlab’s LMI toolbox, confirming FTS at equilibrium under specific conditions. The simulations showcase the capacity of the discrete model to emulate continuous dynamics, providing a validated computational approach to studying reaction-diffusion systems in chemical and biological contexts. This research underscores the utility of impulsive discrete reaction-diffusion models for capturing complex diffusion–reaction interactions and advancing applications in reaction kinetics and biological systems.
Recent Advances in C–C Bond Formation via Visible Light-Mediated Desulfonylation and Its Application in the Modification of Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Xu Xiaohong , Zhang Yufan , Zhang Xueyuan
Published: November 2024

Developing efficient and novel methodologies to construct a C–C bond is highly important in both synthetic chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences. In recent years, the visible light-mediated desulfonylative transformation of sulfonyl compounds has emerged as a powerful tool for the synthesis of diverse C–C bond. To emphasize their practical utility, many methodologies have been successfully applied in the modification of a variety of biologically active compounds which possess unprotected amide or hydroxy groups. In this review, we would like to summarize recent advances in C–C bond formation via the visible light-mediated desulfonylation of sulfonyl chlorides, sulfinates, sulfonamides, sulfones, and sulfonylhydrazones. The reaction design, mechanism research, and the application of these protocols in the modification of biologically active compounds are presented. The challenges and future developments in this area are also discussed.
Immunosenescence: Aging and Immune System Decline
Authors: Goyani Priyanka , Christodoulou Rafail , Vassiliou Evros
Published: November 2024

Immunosenescence, a systematic reduction in the immune system connected with age, profoundly affects the health and well-being of elderly individuals. This review outlines the hallmark features of immunosenescence, including thymic involution, inflammaging, cellular metabolic adaptations, and hematopoietic changes, and their impact on immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, dendritic cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Thymic involution impairs the immune system’s capacity to react to novel antigens by reducing thymopoiesis and shifting toward memory T cells. Inflammaging, characterized by chronic systemic inflammation, further impairs immune function. Cellular metabolic adaptations and hematopoietic changes alter immune cell function, contributing to a diminished immune response. Developing ways to reduce immunosenescence and enhance immunological function in the elderly population requires an understanding of these mechanisms.
The use of high-intensity pulsed magnetotherapy in the medical rehabilitation of children with hydronephrosis (guidelines, 2018)
Authors:   SAHI «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, restorative and Sports Medicine» of the Department of Health of the city of Moscow, Pogonchenkova I.V. , Khan M.A. ,   SAHI «Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, restorative and Sports Medicine» of the Department of Health of the city of Moscow; SBHI «Children City Clinical Hospital No. 13 named after N. F. Filatov» of the Department of Health of the city of Moscow, Novikova E.V. ,   SBHI «Children City Clinical Hospital No. 13 named after N. F. Filatov» of the Department of Health of the city of Moscow
Published: November 2024

The methodological recommendations are addressed to pediatricians, physiotherapists, pediatric urologists, nephrologists, researchers of scientific and practical (research) organizations, residents, graduate students.
The guidelines are devoted to the use of high-intensity pulsed magnetotherapy in the medical rehabilitation of children with
hydronephrosis. The beneficial effect of the method on the clinical course of the disease, clinical and laboratory parameters, the state of urodynamics and renal blood flow in children with hydronephrosis has been proven.
INVESTIGAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE NITRATOS E NITRITOS EM EMBUTIDOS POR MEIO DA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Pereira Fontoura André  Luiz , Da Silva Geilson Rodrigues , De Oliveira Hygor Rodrigues
Published: November 2024

Devido a rotina da vida moderna no qual as pessoas têm pouco tempo para o preparo das refeições, os embutidos vêm ganhando destaque entre os produtos alimentícios pelo fato de sua praticidade no preparo. Aditivos como nitrato e nitrito de sódio ou de potássio, são utilizados em grande escala pelas indústrias alimentícias no processo de fabricação dos embutidos para atribuir ao produto uma coloração vermelha, aroma e sabor, dando um aspecto de produto fresco ao alimento mesmo após meses da sua fabricação, além de atuar como conservante. Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão na literatura em busca de artigos científicos e teses que abordem sobre a determinação de nitratos e nitritos em embutidos referentes aos anos de 2009 a 2019. Dos 20 artigos selecionados para análise apenas nove (45%) dos estudos realizados apresentaram resultados satisfatórios respeitando assim os valores estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira. Por outro lado onze (55%) dos trabalhos apresentaram resultados com valores acima do permitido pela legislação. Com isso podemos observar que os embutidos comercializados no Brasil ainda apresentam falhas tanto na produção quanto na fiscalização realizada pelo Serviço de Inspeção Sanitária. Após a análise dos resultados encontrados nos estudos é importante que a sociedade em geral tenha conhecimento da gravidade e das consequências que o uso em excesso dos embutidos pode causar na saúde.
ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ГЕНА TNF -824A/GУ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА МОЛОЧНЫХ ПОРОД
Authors: Л.А. КАЛАШНИКОВА , И.Е. БАГАЛЬ , Н.Е. МУРУГИНА , В.Е. КАЛАШНИКОВ , Р.Ю. СЕНИНА
Published: November 2024

Представлены результаты генотипирования крупного рогатого скота по полиморфизму гена фактора некроза опухоли TNF -824A/G. У 5 изученных пород скота разного происхождения (n=159) установлено преобладание аллеля TNFG: частота его встречаемости у коров голштинской породы составила 0,58, холмогорской — 0,61, айрширской — 0,80, симментальской — 0,93 и бурой швицкой — 1,0. Все исследованные животные бурой швицкой породы (n=36) имели гомозиготный генотип TNFGG. Высокая частота встречаемости этого генотипа выявлена у особей симментальской (86%) и айрширской (66%) пород. Большинство коров голштинской (52%) и холмогорской (52%) пород обладали гетерозиготным генотипом TNFAG. Гомозиготный генотип TNFAA выявлен среди особей голштинской (16%), холмогорской (13%) и айрширской (6%) пород. У животных бурой швицкой и симментальской пород генотип TNFAA не обнаружен.

This article presents results of genotyping of the TNF 824A/G polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor gene in cattle. The analysis established the predominance of TNFG allele in five studied cattle breeds of different origin (159 heads): TNFG allele frequency in Holstein cows was 0.58, in Kholmogory – 0.61, in Ayrshire – 0.80, in Simmental – 0.93 and in Brown Swiss — 1. All studied Brown Swiss cows (36 heads) had the homozygous TNFGGgenotype. A high frequency of homozygous TNFGG genotype was found in Simmental (86%) and Ayrshire (66%) breeds. The majority of Holstein (52%) and Kholmogory (52%) cows had heterozygous TNFAG genotype. The homozygous TNFAA genotype was found among Holstein (16%), Kholmogory (13%) and Ayrshire (6%) breeds. The TNFAA genotype was not detected in Brown Swiss and Simmental breeds.
Factores que inciden en la puntuación del riesgo país en el Ecuador 2010-2020
Authors: Rueda Romero Jefferson Alexander
Published: November 2024

El riesgo país es un indicador que refleja la probabilidad de que un país incumpla sus obligaciones de deuda, considerando factores económicos, políticos y sociales que pueden afectar su estabilidad. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los factores que influyen en el riesgo país en Ecuador entre 2010 y 2020, teniendo en cuenta variables institucionales, políticas y económicas. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo de corte longitudinal retrospectivo y alcance descriptivo. La misma fue desarrollada en el período entre el 2010-2020 en Ecuador. Los resultados revelaron que el crecimiento económico y la deuda externa se relacionaron inversamente con el riesgo país, mientras que la inflación y el desempleo mostraron correlaciones positivas. En conclusión, un entorno macroeconómico estable, con control inflacionario y bajo desempleo, reduce la percepción de riesgo, lo que es crucial para atraer inversión extranjera y promover el crecimiento económico sostenible en Ecuador.
Promoción de la iniciativa HEARTS. Una alternativa para mejorar salud
Authors: Santos Holguín Sonnia , Mora Solórzano Shirley , Lainez Tomalá Andy , Tomalá Jefferson
Published: November 2024

Introducción. La Organización Mundial de Salud y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud a fin de minimizar la posibilidad de tener una enfermedad cardiovascular, instauró la iniciativa HEARTS para el tratamiento de la HTA en la primera instancia de salud. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la Promoción de la iniciativa HEARTS en los habitantes de la Provincia de Santa Elena Distrito Salud 24D02 La Libertad – Salinas, 2022 – 2024. Materiales y Métodos. El estudio se efectúa en una población de 103 habitantes, entre los años 2022 hasta el 2024.Metodológicamente se desarrolla bajo un enfoque mixto con diseño preexperimental, para ello, en un primer momento se diagnostica la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica en la población declarada y se vuelve a medir la misma en igualdad de condiciones una vez implementadas las actividades diseñadas (año 2024). Resultados. Al comparar los resultados en un momento inicial y final, se observa una mayor eficacia en los resultados de las actividades comunitarias para el año 2024, reflejando una mejora en la salud cardiovascular de la población. Discusión. En el presente estudio, se evidencia similitud de criterio con otros estudios respecto a la prevalencia del sexo femenino en los beneficiarios con hipertensión arterial, incidiendo además como uno de los principales factores de riesgo incidentes. Conclusiones. Como resultado de las intervenciones efectuadas, los beneficiarios lograron experimentar una reducción en aquellos aspectos que presuponen riesgo cardiovascular, como las cifras de tensión arterial en los pacientes con HTA, la diabetes y la obesidad.
The effect of binahong leaf extract on hair growth and histopathological examination of skin tissue in wound healing
Authors: Himmawan Arif , Bangun Andreas Xaverio , Dewi N.R.S. Vissy Puspa
Published: November 2024

Binahong leaves are often used as traditional medicine to cure wounds, rheumatism, gout, lack of appetite, nosebleeds, kidney inflammation, intestinal inflammation, and cancer. And not many people know that binahong leaves can also accelerate the growth of hair follicles, therefore this study was conducted, namely to analyze and test the effect of giving binahong leaf extract (Anderera cardifolia) in collagenization to accelerate the healing process of incision wounds on the back of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain and see the histopathological picture on rat skin tissue. This study used 24 male rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strains as samples, then divided into 4 groups with each group of 6 rats, and treated for 14 days. for 14 days On the last day the hair length of the control group/P0 was 0.45 and became the lowest group in hair growth in this treatment, while in the treatment of groups PI, P2 and P3 it was known that the P3 group experienced the fastest hair follicle extension with a result of 1.24 cm. This is also in line with the results of hispatology images for the treatment of treatment group 3 (P3) which is the fastest group of incision wound healing in skin tissue because based on these observations the skin epithelial tissue is seen to begin to thicken and almost perfect.
REVIEW OF APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors: Zhernova K.N.
Published: November 2024

Neural networks are an actively developing technology, often used to improve the security of computer systems at various enterprises. However, this effective technology contains vulnerabilities and disadvantages. The paper provides an overview of studies dedicated to solving problems of information and computer security using machine learning methods, while this study is focused mainly on neural network technology. The problem of ensuring the security of training and ap- plication of neural network models is also considered. The paper provides a generalized classification of security problems solved using neural networks, based on the identified studies. It also proposes a classification of security problems of neural networks themselves, which will allow one to get an idea of the main threats to the security of neural network models.
ACCURACY OF THE ITERATIVE PROCESS FOR A PROBLEM OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL DISTRIBUTED SEARCH
Authors: Mikov A.I. , Mikov A.A.
Published: November 2024

The characteristics of the computational process performed by a set of nodes of a mobile distributed sensor network are investigated. The goal of the computational process is to find a smaller subregion in a given area on a plane, in which objects of a certain type are located. The sought subdomain is represented as a convex hull of a set of points. Objects are visible to network sensors only during random periods of time. Network nodes move in accordance with the random walk model during the search. The dependence of the convergence rate of the computational process on the number of network nodes, the radii of sensor observation, the radii of the radio communication zone, and the random walk parameters is analyzed. A method for estimating the process quality function in the vicinity of selected points in the parameter space is proposed. The results are presented in dependency plots.
PROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION OF MEASUREMENT DATA OF THE GRACE SPACE SYSTEM IN THE SEISMIC ACTIVE REGION OF SUMATRA
Authors: Rubleva T.V. , Simonov K.V. , Glazyrin V.A.
Published: November 2024

The Earth’s gravitational field contains important geophysical information about the redistribution of masses within our planet and on its surface. With the development of satellite gravimetric systems such as GRACE and GRACE- FO the improvement of data processing methods the study of the local and global gravitational field with a high degree of accuracy and detail as well as anomalies that arose in the focal zones of strong earthquakes has improved qualitatively. On December 26, 2004 the Sumatran catastrophic earthquake occurred with a magnitude of M=9.1. Retrospective analysis of GRACE CS data allows us to identify features of anomalies in the local gravitational field in the area of the island Sumatra. The work modified the algorithm for constructing distribution maps of the EWH parameter and analyzed the EWH series for the Sumatra region for the period 2003 — 2006.
An Experimental Study on using RCA in Bituminous Mixtures to Create Sustainable Pavement Technique
Authors: James Samuel , Mudigonda Aditya
Published: November 2024

Due of the extensive infrastructure development that India has been experiencing over the past thirty years, conventional stone aggregates are becoming scarcer and more expensive. However, there are plenty of wastes available, such as those from old concrete structures. Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) wastes have already been the subject of numerous attempts to repurpose in a variety of building applications, including bituminous pavement layers. It's possible that not all bituminous binders that are frequently employed in Indian paving mixtures are compatible with RCA. The purpose of this experimental investigation is to examine how different types of binders affect the performance of densely graded bituminous mixtures in which RCA is used in place of the coarse portion of traditional stone aggregates. The primary goal of this project was to manufacture dense bituminous macadam (DBM) mixtures in accordance with pertinent Indian criteria. Traditional VG 30 and crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB), two forms of bituminous binders that are commonly used in India, were employed in this procedure. In accordance with the primary objective of this investigation, the blends were created and assessed about their technical attributes such as indirect tensile strength and moisture susceptibility traits like residual stability test and tensile strength ratio. The VG30 bitumen provides better and satisfactory results for combinations with an equal proportion of NA and RCA, taking into account all engineering properties evaluated.
Enhancement of Air-Blower Performance by Modified Blades Configuration using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
Authors: Ganesamoorthy R.
Published: November 2024

Air blowers are critical components in various industrial applications, including HVAC, pneumatics, and the aeration process, where efficient air movement is essential. This study focusses on evaluating the aerodynamic performance, including pressure distribution, velocity profiles, and flow patterns within the blower using atransient solver method. Three different turbine designs are modelled and investigated for their performance analysis. Spline and elevated spline turbines are proposed for this study's performance improvement, and these designs are compared to the narrow turbine designs. The results from ANSYS CFD provided detailed insights into the internal flow dynamics, enabling the identification of key parameters that influence the blower’s performance, such as blade geometry and housing design. Through this analysis, valuable recommendations are offered for optimising air-blower designs to enhance their operational efficiency and reliability. The study reveals that the spline turbine design has a higher air mass flow rate compared to other designs. By utilising various impeller and housing geometries, further research is anticipated to aid in the creation of air blower designs that are more energy-efficient, which will have an impact on lower operating costs and increased sustainability in industrial operations. Our long-term objective is to reduce energy usage and maximise air blower performance. In the end, this will result in an economical and ecologically beneficial solution for a range of industrial applications.
Полиморфизм мтДНК и его роль в адаптации к условиям среды и в предрасположенности к заболеваниям
Authors: М.В. Голубенко
Published: November 2024

Цель: анализ роли популяционного полиморфизма митохондриальной ДНК человека в формировании наследственной адаптации к экстремальным условиям среды и предрасположенности к заболеваниям. Материал и методы. Генотипирование митохондриальной ДНК (мтДНК) осуществляют с помощью различных методов, включая современные технологии высокопроизводительного секвенирования. Филогеографические исследования позволяют реконструировать родословное древо мтДНК человека, оценить распространенность характерных гаплотипов в различных популяциях. Исследования ассоциаций полиморфизма мтДНК с заболеваниями основаны на сравнении распространенности гаплотипов и отдельных вариантов мтДНК в группах пациентов с этнически соответствующими контрольными выборками. Результаты. Исследования полиморфизма мтДНК в популяциях человека из различных географических регионов указывают на то, что некоторые гаплотипы и отдельные варианты мтДНК могут играть роль в адаптации популяции к условиям высокогорья. Исследования ассоциаций полиморфизма мтДНК с многофакторными заболеваниями выявили гаплогруппы и отдельные полиморфизмы мтДНК, влияющие на риск развития заболеваний и их осложнений в зависимости от популяции. Заключение. Изучение полиморфизма митохондриального генома важно для целей популяционной, эволюционной и медицинской генетики. Кроме того, эти исследования имеют междисциплинарное значение, представляя интерес для специалистов, занимающихся историей этносов и культур.

Objective: analysis of the role of population polymorphism of human mtDNA in the formation of hereditary adaptation to extreme environmental conditions and predisposition to diseases. Materials and methods. Genotyping of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is carried out by using various methods, including modern highperformance sequencing technologies. Phylogeographic studies make it possible to reconstruct the family tree of human mtDNA and assess the prevalence of characteristic haplotypes in various populations. Studies of the associations of mtDNA polymorphism with diseases are based on a comparison of the prevalence of haplotypes and individual mtDNA variants in patient groups with ethnically relevant control samples. Results. The results of studies of mtDNA polymorphism in human populations from different geographical regions indicate that some haplotypes and individual variants of mtDNA can play a role in adaptation of the population to high altitude conditions. Studies of the associations of mtDNA polymorphism with multifactorial diseases have revealed haplogroups and individual mtDNA polymorphisms that affect the risk of developing diseases and their complications depending on the population. Cunclusion. The study of mitochondrial genome polymorphism is important for the purposes of population, evolutionary and medical genetics. In addition, these studies are of interest to specialists in the history of ethnic groups and cultures and have an interdisciplinary importance.
Комплексное лечение пародонтита с применением кальцитрина и его влияние на фосфорно-кальциевый обмен
Authors: А.И. Абдурахманов , М.М. Салихова , М.А. Джанбулатов , С.Р. Салихова , А.М. Джанбулатова , А.А. Нуцалова
Published: November 2024

Цель: изучение влияния кальцитрина на фосфорнокальциевый обмен при лечении пародонтита. Материал и методы. У 120 больных пародонтитом в динамике комплексного лечения определяли активность щелочной фосфатазы, кальция и фосфора в зависимости от различных доз кальцитрина. Результаты. Традиционная терапия пародонтита способствует кратковременному и незначительному повышению активности щелочной фосфатазы в сыворотке крови больных пародонтитом. Включение кальцитрина в дозе 12 единицы в комплексную терапию повышает эффективность лечения. Лучший эффект достигается при дозе кальцитрина 2 единицы. Заключение. Кальцитрин может быть применен в комплексной терапии тяжелых форм пародонтита, когда другие способы повышения и пролонгирования позитивных сдвигов не эффективны.

Objective: to study the effect of calcitrin on calciumphosphorus metabolism in the treatment of periodontitis. Material and methods. In 120 patients with periodontitis, the dynamics of complex treatment determined the activity of alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphorus, depending on various doses of calcitrin. Results. Traditional therapy of periodontitis promotes a shortterm and insignificant increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum of patients with periodontitis. The inclusion of calcitrin in a dose of 12 units in complex therapy increases the effectiveness of treatment. The best effect is achieved with a dose of 2 units of calcitrin. Conclusion. Calcitrin can be used in the complex treatment of severe periodontitis, when other methods of increasing and prolonging positive changes are not effective.
Эндемический зоб следствие дефицита йода и селена в природной среде
Authors: М.А. Яхияев , Ш.К. Салихов , М.Г. Атаев , З.Г. Тагирова , З.В. Курбанова
Published: November 2024

Цель: выявление связи концентрации микроэлементов селена и йода в объектах биосферы Дагестана (почвы, водоисточники, растения) и заболеваемости эндемическим зобом населения республики, что послужит научной основой для уточнения экологической этиологии данной патологии человека и более целенаправленного планирования органами здравоохранения профилактических мероприятий. Материал и методы. Исследованы почвы, растительность, природные воды Кизлярского, Рутульского, Тляратинского районов Дагестана. На каждом типе почв были заложены 56 ключевых почвенных разрезов. Для анализа растительности закладывались учетные растительные площадки размеров 10х10 м (100 м2). Изучение химического состава вод велось путем маршрутных экспедиционных обследований. Пробы воды отбирались в летние месяцы в сосуды объемом 2 л. В образцах определено содержание йода и селена. Уровень йода определяли микрохимическим методом, селен флуорометрически. Результаты анализов были статистически обработаны с использованием компьютерной программы Microsoft Excel. Результаты. Заболеваемость эндемическим зобом за 12 лет повышалась в ряду: Кизлярский Тляратинский Рутульский, в среднем на 1000 населения, по исследованным районам, составила за 20022013 годы: в Кизлярском районе 20,1, при колебании от 15 до 25,2 в Рутульском районе 37,48 при колебании 31,649 в Тляратинском районе 33,85 при размахе 29,140,4 на 1000 населения. Отмечено, что уровень содержания йода и селена в почвах, растениях и водоисточниках исследованных районов заметно различается. Причем, чем ниже содержание йода и селена в объектах исследования, тем выше заболеваемость эндемическим зобом населения. Эта закономерность подтверждается значимой отрицательной корреляцией (r 0,87 0,99) концентрации йода и селена в объектах биосферы Дагестана и заболеваемостью эндемическим зобом населения. Заключение. Проведенные исследования, указывающие на корреляцию дефицита йода и селена и заболеваемости эндемическим зобом населения, помогут изучить экологическую этиологию йоддефицитных заболеваний в республике.