bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF PHYSALIS PERUVIANA L. FRUIT EXTRACTS ON LEAD ACETATE INTOXICATED RATS
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Sri Akilandeswari Women's College, Wandiwash, Tamil Nadu, India – 604408, C Revathi , J Vadivelu ,   Department of Biochemistry, Sri Akilandeswari Women's College, Wandiwash, Tamil Nadu, India – 604408
Published: June 2021

Physalis peruviana has been widely used as a medicinal herb for treating various diseases since ancient times. This study aimed to examine the hepatoprotective potential of the ethanolic extract of P. peruviana fruit (EPPF) against lead acetate (LA) intoxicated male albino rats. The experimental rats were divided into ten groups of 4 animals. Animal of Group I served as normal, Group II animals were administered orally 15 mg/Kg body weight of LA, Group III to V animals received EPPF 150mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg respectively, Group VI animals received standard silymarin 50 mg/kg, and Group VII to X were treated with LA (15 mg/kg) with EPPF 150, 300, 600 and std 50 mg/kg, orally for 32 days respectively. The degree of protection was measured by estimating hematological parameters such as Hb, RBC, WBC, PCV, platelets, MCV, MCHC, and ESR and biochemical parameters such as urea, creatinine, Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, bilirubin, SGOT, SGBT, ALP, GGT, protein, albumin and globulin. Lead acetate induced alterations of hematological and biochemical parameters were observed in group II animals and these levels brought back to normal in the animals treated with EPPF at the concentrations of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg which was significantly similar to silymarin treated animals. The data of the results obtained depicted that the fruit extract of P. peruviana was found to have promising protective efficacy against lead acetate induced liver toxicity.
IoT Based Car Pollution Detection Using Cloud Computing
Authors:   the School of Science and Engineering, the University of Nottingham Malaysia, Malaysia, Arvaree Thamilvaani , Perumal Thinakaran
Published: June 2021

Air pollution is a critical problem that is currently plaguing Asia in the perilous fight against environmental pollution. It refers to the harmful substances and pollutants in the air that play an essential role in the depletion of the ozone layer while being a grave hazard to the ecological system. A principal cause of air pollution is the increase in vehicular traffic, especially in Asia, that has been noted in recent years. The combustion reaction that occurs when cars burn gasoline leads to the emission of Carbon Monoxide (one of the principal constituents of air pollution). According to many recent studies, Carbon Monoxide is fatal enough to cause health issues which may lead to death in some extreme cases. Thus, it comes as no surprise that regulating car pollution is a paramount step in finding a solution to this global issue. Therefore, we are developing a system using a carbon monoxide sensor (MQ-7) and Arduino Uno microcontroller, which detects the gas emission from the car exhaust. Internet will play an important role in the communication of physical things. Physical objects can be empowered through the embedded electronics into it, to make them smart and at the same time IoT gives the connection among these objects to give high quality of life to the people. Hardware, software components works cooperatively to build the IoT. This technology is used in the development of air pollution detection system.
Putih dan Tidak Belang: Penggambaran Kulit Ideal Perempuan Indonesia dalam Iklan Citra Tone Up
Authors: Nurlia Dhiyah Syafitri , Hidayati Nurliana
Published: June 2021

Setiap perempuan memiliki nilai kecantikannya masing – masing entah itu berambut panjang, berambut pendek, berkulit putih, berkulit sawo matang dan lain sebagainya. Namun faktanya yang telah di tanamnkan dan di gambarkan oleh masyarakat dan media malah menunjukan seakan – akan perempuan itu akan bernilai kecantikannya jika memiliki kulit putih, berambut panjang hitam dan lain sebagainya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode semiotika untuk menganalisis objek penelitian. Objek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah iklan Citra Tone Up Cream Indonesia. Objek penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis semiotika Roland Barthes yang mengembangkan pemikiran dari Ferdinand De Saussure. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggambaran kulit perempuan ideal Indonesia dalam iklan Citra. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu melalui tanda yang muncul dari cuplikan adegan-adegan yang diambil dalam iklan Citra mulai dari ekspresi gerak tubuh, dan kombinasi warna yang digunakan. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat di simpulkan bahwa iklan citra merepresentasikan makna cantik dengan memiliki kulit putih cerah dan tidak belang hal ini mengikuti stereotype yang berlaku di masyarakat Indonesia yang mana perempuan cantik ialah mereka yang memiliki kulit putih dan cerah
The Online Social Support of Chinese Fellow Townsman in Post Pandemic
Authors: Gao Ning
Published: June 2021

As a kind of disease risk, the global spread of the COVID-19 may just be a microcosm of the global risk society.  Affected by the epidemic, people adopt more online virtual connections and have become more dependent on social media. This paper conducted the online social support of Chinese fellow-townsman analysis via conducting online participatory observations on the QQ group of Xinhua immigrants and conducting in-depth interviews with 15 of them. This study found that the social support obtained by the Chinese Fellow Townsman through the Internet interpersonal mutual aid network has made up for the shortcomings of formal social support to a certain extent. In the risk society, it helps individuals get immediate and personalized help. In terms of online social support sources, the Internet social support of Chinese Fellow Townsman mainly comes from bridging social capital. From the perspective of online support content, the online social support of this group is mainly manifested in emotional support, companionship support, and informational support, and the role of tangible support is relatively weak. As to the support effect, through the Online social support from the group, the peers can obtain timely, diverse, and non-redundant information to help them make better decisions. But the ability of interpersonal networks to provide resources is limited. When necessary, we still need social support from the government and other formal organizations.
Pengaruh Corporate Governance terhadap Financial Distress dengan Kinerja Keuangan sebagai Variabel Moderating (Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI)
Authors: Yuliani Rahma , Rahmatiasari Adisti
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang:Menurut Indonesian Institute of Corporate governance (IICG), corporate governance adalah serangkaian perangkat yang mengarahkan dan mengendalikan jalannya perusahaan dengan memperhatikan kepentingan berbagai pihak yang terlibat dalam perusahaan. Implementasi corporate governance dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan kepentingan dari setiap partisipan, konflik kepentingan antar partisipan akan memengaruhi kondisi keuangan perusahaan termasuk terjadinya financial distress.Tujuan:Tujuan penelitian ini menguji pengaruh corporate governance: Kepemilikan Institusional, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Dewan Direksi, Dewan Komisaris, Komisaris Independen terhadap financial distress dengan dimoderasi oleh Rasio Leverage yang diukur melalui Debt to Aset Ratio (DAR) pada perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia.Metode Penelitian:Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini berjumlah 61 perusahaan. Teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria tertentu, diperoleh sejumlah 17 perusahaan yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis linear berganda dengan menggunakan program Partial Least Square (PLS).Hasil Penelitian:Corporate governance berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap financial distress. Kepemilikan Institusional, Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Komisaris Independen berpengaruh positif signifikan sementara Dewan Direksi dan Dewan Komisaris berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap financial distress. Rasio Leverage yang diukur melalui Debt to Aset Ratio tidak memoderasi pengaruh corporate governance terhadap financial distress baik secara langsung maupun melalui indikator corporate governance.Keterbatasan Penelitian:Penelitian terbatas hanya pada perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Ukuran kinerja keuangan hanya diukur melalui Debt to Aset Ratio.Keaslian/Novetly Penelitian:Penelitian ini menjawab gap penelitian terdahulu terkait pengaruh corporate governance terhadap financial distress dengan menambahkan kinerja keuangan sebagai variabel moderating. Pemilihan Kinerja keuangan yang diukur melalui Debt to Aset Ratio sebagai variabel moderating didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa tingginya aset yang dibiayai oleh hutang akan memicu terjadinya financial distress.
A literature review of causes and management of pain related to endodontic procedure
Authors: Jassal Supriya , Fatima Alvi , S Gupta Akshun , Khan Faiz , Jamwal Priyanka
Published: June 2021

Pain if found to be the prime most factor for most of the patients to visit the dental clinic. Pain can be associated to different reasons, might be due to periodontal reason, due to local infection, due to any oral surgical trauma, due to any peri apical infection, due to impingement of the prostheses to the soft tissue. But most often patient visit to the dental clinic with the pain associated with endodontic reason. So one should have an adequate knowledge to differentiate between the main cause of the endodontic pain and to diagnose the same with a proper treatment plan.
Diagnosis, treatment planning & management of patient undergoing orthodontic therapy with blunderbuss canal’s in relation to multiple teeth by endo- ortho interdisciplinary approach using PRF & MTA
Authors: S P Behera Sidhartha , Gupta Supriya , K Sharma Deepak , Kaushik Saurabh , Agarwal Vijay
Published: June 2021

Diagnosis, treatment planning & management of patient undergoing orthodontic therapy with blunderbuss canal’s in relation to one or multiple tooth requires a precise scientific approach based on sound principles. Interdisciplinary therapy integrates individual disciplines to function as a comprehensive unit providing consistent and predictable treatment results. A thorough logical diagnostic approach and treatment planning must be executed by each member of endodontic-orthodontic team when an esthetic and healthy makeover of a patient’s dentition is planned. Precise communication is important to provide patients with desired results. This case report presents one such approach for diagnosis, treatment planning & management of patient undergoing orthodontic therapy with blunderbuss canal’s in relation to one or multiple tooth. After careful clinical and radiographic evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with Angle’s Class I malocclusion with spacing in maxillary and mandibular arch, and blunderbuss canal’s irt 35 & 45. The treatment consisted of initial endodontic approach by starting treatment irt 35 and 45, followed by fixed orthodontic approach using passive self-ligating bracket system and by-passing the endodontically treated tooth. Regular follow-up to observe apexogenesis and continuous evaluation of the case is being done.
Quantitative analysis of optical coherence tomography in age related macular degeneration
Authors: Sukanya D , Sudha R , Sushma K , Sreya V
Published: June 2021

Age related macular degeneration (ARMD) is a common degenerative disorder of macula in people above 50 years. The dry and wet/neovascular forms can lead to loss of vision. Optical coherence tomography is a popular tool in the diagnosis of AMRD.

Aim of the study is to assess the Optical Coherence Tomography to diagnose the Age Related Macular Degeneration in a tertiary care centre.

This prospective hospital based study was conducted on 50 patients presenting with age related macular degeneration clinically (100 eyes). Inclusion criteria was patients newly diagnosed clinically as ARMD and on no treatment. Exclusion criteria was Patients already diagnosed ARMD and on treatment, Patients with other retinal and macular diseases, and previous laser treatment.

There were 42(84%) of patients are of 50-70 years age. Males were 21, and females were 29 without significant difference (p=0.7). Out of 100 eyes, 32% diagnosed as wet ARMD and 60% eyes had dry ARMD Dry ARMD is common in females (34%) and wet ARMD common in males (26%). In dry ARMD cases, 77.04% eyes had drusen by OCT, and 72.72% eyes had classic Choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM). OCT showed sub-foveal CNVM as the common type of classic CNVM. 16 men were smokers, and 36 patients have hypertension. Smoking was significantly associated with ARMD (P < 0.05).

Increased prevalence of wet ARMD in males due to smoking, which leads to risk for CNVM. Smoking was significantly associated with ARMD (P < 0.01) in our study. The prevalence was increased with increasing age. Dry ARMD was much more common than Wet ARMD, and both types increased in frequency with increasing age. ARMD is more common in females. OCT is highly specific in detecting the early sub-retinal neo vascular membrane and to assess the activity of neovascular membranes in early wet ARMD.
A study on digital eye strain among patients attending at one of the tertiary care hospitals of Saurashtra region, Gujarat
Authors: Modi Varsha M
Published: June 2021

Digital Eye Strain (DES) is a group of eye and vision-related problems that result from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and cell phone use. Majority of scientific literature available for DES has targeted only youth/young people, overlooking rest age-groups.

Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of DES and its various risk factors of digital device usage pattern and to correlate them statistically with clinical features.

The study was conducted at medical college attached hospital in Amreli district, Gujarat, India during June – September 2020. Total 320 study participants were included in research. All patients attending ophthalmic OPD during study –period were screened for DES related symptoms and history of digital device usage. Information collected for socio-demographic profile, pattern of device usage and reported clinical features. Data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed through SPSS software.

Majority of study participants (47.81%) belonged to 18-30 years’ age-group, 186(58.13%) were males. Major symptoms of DES reported were: Headache (77.81%) dry-eye (61.56%), Temporary Difficulty in gaze (51.25%), Red-eye (49.37%) and blurred vision (44.68%). Of total, 59.06% and 9.06% respectively used digital device for 4-6 hours and >6 hours per day. Approximate screen distance <50 cm. from eyes was preferred by 192(60%) participants. Bright contrast setting was preferred by majority (253, 79.05%). Taking break after 30 minutes of continuous usage was preferred by 84 (26.25%) participants.

Role of age and gender was found statistically significant in occurrence of many of symptoms of DES. Approximate distance of digital device from eyes revealed significant association with burning, dry and red eyes, headache and temporary difficulty in gaze. Taking preferred break after 30 minutes of continuous usage of digital device, all clinical symptoms revealed significant association except double vision. Dry eyes, temporary difficulty in gaze and blurred vision revealed comparatively more risk with pattern optical aid usage.
To stop or to continue aspirin prior to manual small incision cataract surgery
Authors: Madhuri P  , Pooja H V  , Gowda H T Venkate
Published: June 2021

To ascertain whether to stop or continue aspirin before cataract surgery.

Prospective observational study from July 2018 to June 2019. Information on pre-existing medical conditions like cardiac disease/stroke & use of Aspirin was obtained from patients posted for cataract surgery. Physical examination was done by physician & decided whether aspirin has to be stopped before surgery. Intra-operative and post-operative outcomes were recorded.

SPSS 20.0 by using descriptive statistics i.e. only frequency and percentage.

Out of 64 patients, 38 discontinued aspirin and 26 continued. In the group of patients who discontinued aspirin, 2 had bleeding complication in the form of bleeding from cut ends of conjunctiva. Where as in the group who continued aspirin 4 patients had bleeding complication. No thromboembolic events were recorded in both the groups.

The risk of medical & ophthalmic events surrounding cataract surgery were so low that absolute differences in risk associated with changes in Aspirin use were minimal.
Eliminación de barreras al comercio digital: desafíos de logística
Authors: Mariscal Elisa V. , Flores Ernesto , Guerrero García Rubén , Elbittar Alexander ,   Asociación Latinoamericana de Internet
Published: June 2021

Este documento analiza las deficiencias que existen en el proceso logístico para el comercio electrónico transfronterizo. De los seis pasos que conforman este proceso (recolección y concentración, exportación, transporte dorsal internacional, internación, transporte dorsal nacional y última milla), los principales cuellos de botella se encuentran en el paso por la aduana (exportación e internación) y en la última milla (el transporte del paquete desde el último punto de la red de distribución hasta el destino final).
Introduction to 2021-2
Authors: Buch Anders
Published: June 2021

This issue of Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies compiles six original research articles from the Nordic countries.The first article brings us to Finland. In The Experience Qualities Approach to Leadership and Employee Well-being, Ilkka Salmi and her co-authors present a study that illustrate how a new research approach enables researchers on leadership and employee well- being to conceptualize and study ‘experience’ in new ways. Based on semi-structured interviews with 23 leaders and employees in an international mining organization located in Finland, the article illustrates how the approach helps to identify the relation- ship between leaders’ and employees’ experiences and well-being by nuancing ‘general experiences’ to not only include emotions but also experience qualities such as knowledge and assumptions.
Immigration Background and Differences in School-to- work Trajectories of Early School Leavers
Authors: Nygård Olav
Published: June 2021

This article focuses on the school-to-work trajectories of early school leavers in Sweden. I use sequence analysis of population-level registry data covering the first 10 years after compulsory school for 6404 early school leavers to identify four clusters of school-to-work trajectories: an exclusion trajectory characterized by not being in employment, education, or training; an education trajectory characterized by second-chance education and an increasing share of tertiary education; a precarity trajectory; and a career trajectory. Having an immigrant background or being a woman was associated with a lower likelihood of being in the career trajectory than having a non-immigrant background or being a man. Differences in the likelihood of being in the education trajectory between persons with immigrant and non-immigrant background could however be fully explained by parents’ education, if education level was measured relative to their country of origin. This highlights the importance of pre-migration factors for post-migration outcomes
Letter of Introduction
Authors: Carpenter Michael J
Published: June 2021

An overview of the new issue.
Bacurau: The ‘Deep Brasil’
Authors: El-Kadi Aileen
Published: June 2021

Review of the Brazilian film, Bacurau.
New Border Studies On Israel/Palestine: Review of Two Books
Authors: Meier Daniel
Published: June 2021

Review essay on The Politics of Maps: Cartographic Constructions of Israel/Palestine by Christine Leuenberger & Izhak Schnell and Penser la Palestine en réseaux by Véronique Bontemps, Nicolas Dot-Pouillard, Jalal al-Husseini & Abaher al-Sakka.
A Cross-Sectional Study on the Frequency of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Alzheimer’s Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North Kerala
Authors: Kurian Tess Ann , Balachandran Sumesh , Francis Yesudas Kalathara
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are a heterogeneous group of clinical phenomena experienced during the course of dementia which are either subjectively reported by the patient or observed by the clinician. BPSD include agitation, aberrant motor behaviour, anxiety, elation, irritability, depression, apathy, disinhibition, delusions, hallucinations, and sleep or appetite changes. We wanted to determine the frequency of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type attending the Psychiatry Department in a tertiary care centre of north Kerala and to address the degree of caregiver distress. METHODS This is a hospital based cross sectional study. A consecutive sample of 72 patients of either gender of age group > 55 years who were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s dementia using DSM 4 - TR criteria attending Department of Psychiatry of GMC Kannur during the period March 2019 to February 2020 were included in the study. The primary caregivers were interviewed to obtain the sociodemographic profile of the patients and BEHAVE AD scale was administered to assess the BPSD in patients with Alzheimer’s dementia. Descriptive statistical tools like frequency and percentage were used. RESULTS The most common BPSD identified were diurnal rhythm disturbances or day-night disturbances observed in 79.2 % (N = 57) of the sample. This was followed by affective disturbances, paranoid and delusional ideations, anxieties, hallucinations and aggressiveness. The least reported was activity disturbances. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of BPSD is very high in dementia of Alzheimer’s type and the most frequent BPSD reported was diurnal rhythm disturbances. BPSD would impact negatively on the health of the individual and their respective caregivers. KEYWORDS Alzheimer’s Dementia, Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia
A Prospective Study on Laparoscopic Intervention in Acute Appendicitis in a Teritiary Care Hospital, North Andhra
Authors: Laxman Janni , Patro Patnala Mohan , K.V. Janardana Rao
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND We wanted to determine the various pre-operative and intra-operative factors responsible for conversion to open technique of appendectomy and compare the clinical outcomes of hospital-stay and operating time between open appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy. METHODS Patients presented to General surgery Department of GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research with features suggestive of acute appendicitis from September 2017 to November 2019 were included in this study. This is a prospective study which included a total of 100 patients. These patients were divided into two groups of 50 each. One group of patients with early presentation with symptoms of less than 3 days of duration, another group with late presentation of 3 or more days of onset of symptoms were included. In this study we wanted to compare the clinical outcomes of hospital stay and operating time between open appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy. RESULTS In this study, majority of patients belong to age group 20 - 44 years who had delayed presentation to hospital, in contrast to patients who presented early involved the age group of 21 – 30 years. In this study, pain abdomen was the commonest symptom (100 %) with which patient presented. The other symptoms were nausea/vomiting (72 %), fever (63 %). Seven patients presented with diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that laparoscopic appendectomy is associated with improved clinical outcomes even in patients who had late presentation. KEYWORDS Appendicitis, Laparoscopic, Gangrenous
Clinico-Haematological Study of Pancytopenia – An Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre in Western Odisha
Authors: Toppo Anupa , Singh Harish Chandra , Nanda Rojalin
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Pancytopenia is a relatively common haematological entity with simultaneous presence of anaemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. It is a feature of many medical and haematological disorders like megaloblastic anaemia, drug-induced bone marrow hypoplasia, even fatal leukaemia and bone marrow aplasia. The clinical and haematological studies determine the proper diagnosis and management of patients. Bone marrow examination is an important diagnostic procedure for determining the cause of pancytopenia. This study was conducted to evaluate clinico-haematological findings, identify the causes of pancytopenia, and compare our findings with other similar studies. METHODS The four-year retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care hospital in western Odisha, India. Data regarding clinical details, peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirations were collected and analyzed using simple statistical methods. RESULTS A total of 131 cases of pancytopenia were studied. The age range of patients was 3 years to 72 years, with a mean of 36.5 years. Male to female ratio was 0.84 : 1. The majority of cases were in the age group of 31 – 40 years (20.61 %). Generalized weakness with pallor (54.96 percent) was the commonest clinical finding, followed by splenomegaly (16.79 %), and hepatomegaly (11.45 %). Aplastic anaemia (43.51 %) was the most common cause found on the bone marrow aspiration followed by megaloblastic anaemia (22.14 %) and haematological malignancies. Among the haematological malignancies, acute myeloid leukaemia was the commonest cause of pancytopenia (10.69 %). CONCLUSIONS Bone marrow aspiration in cytopenic patients helps in understanding the disease process and to diagnose or rule out the causes of cytopenia. Different geographical areas have a different presentation of haematological disorders. KEYWORDS Bone Marrow Aspiration, Pancytopenia, Aplastic Anaemia
Laboratory Wise Variations in Prothrombin Time - INR - A Cross Sectional Study in Trivandrum, Kerala
Authors: Meethal Shahana Jahan Kulathinte , Jayakumar Ravikrishnan , Sreenivasan Suresh Kumar , Majeed Shaffeek Abdul , Kariveettil Indira
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Prothrombin time (PT) is routinely used as a test of coagulation. Thromboplastin is the key ingredient in the reagent for this test. Prothrombin time international normalized ratio (INR) readings can vary according to the thromboplastin used in the reagent. The composition of thromboplastin reagents can influence the sensitivity of each batch of reagents. Various thromboplastin reagents having different international sensitivity index (ISI) values are available now. This study was intended to evaluate the effect of different thromboplastins on INR reading for mitral valve replaced patients under stable oral anticoagulant therapy. METHODS The study was conducted on the citrated plasma received from the mitral valve replaced patients having stable international ratio between 2 to 3 for three months. 62 samples were collected from the clinical pathology laboratory, Govt. Medical College, Trivandrum. Each sample was tested with different thromboplastin reagents having international sensitivity index 1.0, 1.1 and 1.6 by measurement of the prothrombin time and conversion into international normalized ratio. The INR obtained from the thromboplastin with international sensitivity index 1.0 was considered as the standard. INR results obtained from samples tested with thromboplastin reagents with ISI 1.1 and 1.6 were compared with the standard by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s post hoc tests. RESULTS Sixty-two samples were tested with the thromboplastin reagent having ISI – 1.0, the mean INR is 2.42, for ISI – 1.1 mean INR value is 2.53 and for ISI 1.6, the mean INR value is 3.19. While comparing the mean value of INR for different reagents using ANOVA, the F value was 14.86, which was significant. P value less than 0.01. In the Dunnett post hoc test, the P value of difference between ISI 1.0/1.6 was < 0.01. Between ISI 1.1/1.6 also the P value is < 0.01. Both of these were significant. The P value of difference between the reagents having ISI 1.0 and 1.1 is 0.838 which denotes no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the thromboplastin reagent with ISI 1.0 or nearest to 1.0 is most desirable for accurate INR report. KEYWORDS Prothrombin Time, International Sensitivity Index, International Normalized Ratio
Mammoth Lipoma of the Back - A Case Report
Authors: Mehta Alish Rajesh , Sharma Vikram , Dave Sandeep
Published: June 2021

Lipomas are very common benign tumours of mesenchymal origin. Lipomas occur with an estimated prevalence rate of 2.1 per 1000 amongst all tumours that can involve in the human body. There have been only 5 cases of giant lipomas published to date.1-5 This case report describes a unique giant lipoma located in the upper back with 30 x 30 cm in measurement and weighing 3800 grams.
IgM and IgG Antibody Levels in Patients with COVID-19 in South Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Bogarapu Kiranmayi , P Aruna
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease - 19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies can be detected in almost all patients of COVID-19. We sought to evaluate the antibody responses in COVID19 patients and also analyse their potential role in disease prognostication. METHODS All consecutive COVID-19 patients, between ages 20 - 65 years, encountered between April and July 2020 were included and compared to age-matched controls. Severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was categorized as none, mild and severe, based on the presence of symptoms, oxygen saturation and need for respiratory support. Serum levels of IgM and IgG antibody assays were obtained, using chemiluminescence immunoassay, after the 2nd week of presentation (range 14 - 60 days). Antibody titres above 10 AU/ml were taken as elevated. RESULTS Of 50 eligible patients, majority (40/50, 80 %) had mild symptoms and oxygen saturations above 94 %. Of the remainder, 10 % (5/50) had severe infection with need for either high flow nasal cannula oxygen or mechanical ventilation while the remainder (10 %; 5/50) were asymptomatic. IgM and IgG seroconversion were noted in almost all COVID-19 patients (46/50, 92 %) compared to healthy controls. While elevated IgG antibody levels were noted in 76 % (38/50), combined elevation of IgM and IgG antibodies is seen in 16 % (8/50) of patients. Seroconversion was markedly profound in patients with severe infection than those with mild infection. Also, greater seroconversion was noted after 21 days of testing compared to 14th day, especially for IgG. CONCLUSIONS Antibody seroconversion to SARS-CoV-2 occurred in majority of patients with COVID-19, with most salient increase in the IgG antibody levels. Antibody titres correlated directly to the disease severity, suggestive of the potential value of antibodies not only in diagnosis but also in prognostication. KEYWORDS COVID-19, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay, Invasive Mechanical Ventilation, High Flow Nasal Oxygen
A Study on Haematological Manifestations in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India
Authors: Kaur Jasmine , Kaur Navjot , Kaur Jasleen , Layal Navjot Kaur , Kaur Gurkiran
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Chronic liver diseases frequently are associated with haematological abnormalities. Anaemia occurs in about 75% of patients with chronic liver disease. The most common type of anaemia seen in liver cirrhosis is normocytic normochromic anaemia, due to the chronic inflammatory state, blood loss from oesophageal and rectal varices. The purpose of this study was to study the haematological manifestations in patients with chronic liver disease. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (March 2019 - March 2020). Total of 90 patients with chronic liver disease were included in the study. The population was divided into 2 groups based on the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and the various haematological abnormalities were assessed in these 2 groups. Similarly, haemoglobin (Hb) levels were assessed in 3 groups based on the ChildTurcotte-Pugh (CTP) classification. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between hemoglobina and CTP class (P < 0.001), with the lowest haemoglobin levels in CTP class C group. The correlation coefficient of MELD score and haemoglobin was -0.504 which was significant statistically. Thus, confirming the fact that haemoglobin levels decreases with the progress in the severity of liver cirrhosis. Of 39 patients with haemoglobin < 8 g/dl, 5 (12.8 %) had a MELD score of < 12, whereas 34 patients (87.2 %) had a MELD score of > 12 and was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Leukocytosis was observed in 41 patients and leucopoenia in 14 patients. The mean prothrombin time was 20.4 seconds and 80 % of the patients had prothrombin time prolonged by more than 6 sec indicating liver damage alters coagulation profile. CONCLUSIONS We found an association between anaemia and indicators of advanced liver disease such as a higher MELD and CPS scores. This study inferred that levels of haemoglobin decrease as the severity of liver disease progresses. Thus, this measure can be used in the initial assessment of cirrhosis patients that needs urgent identification and correction to reduce morbidity and mortality. KEYWORDS Anaemia, Liver Cirrhosis, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score, Child-TurcottePugh Class
Current Prevalence and Treatment Outcome of Paediatric Tuberculosis in a South Indian District - A 2 Year Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Namala Praveen Deen Kumar , Basireddy Praveena
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Knowledge about the diagnosis and the treatment outcome of paediatric tuberculosis is very much essential for functioning of tuberculosis (TB) control programs in most countries like India. The current study was done to determine the prevalence of paediatric tuberculosis, different modalities used for diagnosis, drug resistance pattern, HIV-TB co-infection rate and treatment outcome. METHODS A 2-year retrospective study was done among all registered paediatric tuberculosis cases aged 18 years and below, who were diagnosed during the period January 2018 to December 2019. Data was extracted from the files and was analysed. RESULTS The prevalence of paediatric tuberculosis was found to be 0.51 per 1000 population. The proportion of paediatric tuberculosis among total TB cases was 5.9 %. Among 14,596 total TB cases registered at District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC) Anantapuramu, 867 (5.9 %) were paediatric TB cases, with a mean age of 12.5 ± 5.6 years. 62 % of the cases were above 12 years of age. Males (47.4 %) and females (52.6 %) were almost equally distributed (P > 0.05). 343 (39.6 %) cases were microbiologically confirmed TB and 524 (60.4 %) cases were clinically diagnosed TB. Drug resistance was found in 47 (13.7 %) of the 343 microbiologically confirmed TB cases. Of the total 867 paediatric TB cases studied, pulmonary type (56 %) was predominant than extra pulmonary type (44 %) (P < 0.05). Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co infection was found in 24 (2.8 %) cases. 423 cases (65.5 %) successfully completed the treatment and 173 cases (26.8 %) were cured adding to a favourable outcome of 92.3 %. 3 (0.5 %) cases had treatment failure, 35 (5.4 %) were defaulters and 12 (1.8 %) cases died during the treatment, adding to a poor outcome of about 7.7 %. CONCLUSIONS Majority of the paediatric tuberculosis cases were diagnosed clinically rather than microbiological confirmation. Efforts should be made to further improve the availability and sensitivity of diagnostic methods of paediatric TB. KEYWORDS Paediatric Tuberculosis, Drug Resistant TB, HIV TB Co Infection
Экологический активизм в XXI веке
Authors: Семенчук О.В. , Крюков В.О.
Published: June 2021

Статья посвящена такому явлению как индивидуализация экологического активизма в XXI веке. В настоящее время наблюдается тенденция к тому, что на развитие общечеловеческого экологического сознания оказывают влияние действия вполне конкретных ярких личностей, а не экологических организаций, что было характерно для ХХ века. В качестве примеров подобных людей приведены Грета Тунберг и Боян Слат.
Применение обогащенной тромбоцитами плазмы в сочетании с глюкокортикостероидами при лечении травм и остеоартритов
Authors: Белов А.Н. , Белова О.А. , Белова Е.А.
Published: June 2021

В настоящее время в мире набирает обороты такой метод лечения, как терапия обогащенной тромбоцитами плазмой (Platelet Rich Plasma- далее PRP). Данный вид терапии уже около 30 лет широко используется в травматологии для лечения травм мышц, сухожилий и связочного аппарата, в челюстно-лицевой хирургии для восстановления участков кости, дерматологии и косметологии для повышения упругости тканей, в кардиологии, офтальмологии и комбустиологии. В рамках проведения научной работы на базе Красноярского государственного медицинского университета и Академии борьбы нами было пролечено за 8 месяцев 30 пациентов (14 мужчины и 16 женщин) с разрывами мышечно-связочного аппарата и остеаартритами. Во всех случаях длительность травмы составляла от 1 до 10-ти дней, а остеоартриты от 1 до 10 лет. Средний возраст пациентов составил 17-25 лет. Мышечно-сухожильные дефекты были диагностированы на основании клинических и инструментальных методов. В результате мы получили уменьшение выраженности болевого синдрома уже на следующий день, ускорение регенерации поврежденных тканей, восстановление функции травмированной конечности в течение 1-2 недель, в зависимости от размера повреждения. А остеоартриты дали положительную динамику на второй неделе.
Особенности перевода топонимических единиц
Authors: Андиш И.Б.
Published: June 2021

Перевод топонимических единиц всегда являлся довольно спорным вопросом, как в теории, так и в практике перевода. До сих пор не существует единого подхода к передаче этого слоя лексики. В данной статье описываются особенности перевода топонимических единиц с русского на английский язык и даются некоторые рекомендации по методике этой передачи.
Основные стилистические функции повтора в современных английском и немецком языках (на материале художественного стиля)
Authors: Молчанова С.Е. , Лысенко Н.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье выявляется частотность употребления и основные стилистические функции различных видов повтора в современном художественном стиле английского и немецкого языков. Рассматриваются функции таких видов повтора, как синтаксический (многосоюзие, синтаксический параллелизм, подхват, анафора, эпифора, синтаксическая тавтология, рамочная конструкция), лексический (простой, синонимический, плеоназма), морфологический (корневой, аффиксальный). Выявляются сходства и различия в употреблении и функционировании повтора в английской и немецкой художественной прозе.
Функционирование методологии системного анализа в современной науке: философский анализ
Authors: Гаранина О.Д.
Published: June 2021

В статье раскрыты особенности философского анализа методологии системного исследования на трех уровнях функционирования науки: частнонаучном, общенаучном и философском. Выделены логико-методологические, собственно философские и исторические проблемы, которые своеобразно решаются на каждом уровне научного познания.
Теории инклюзии: феноменологический и социально-конструктивный аспекты
Authors: Музыка О.А. , Попов В.В.
Published: June 2021

В статье отмечается, что активное становление содержательных и проектнопрактических аспектов концепции инклюзии реально опережает развитие теоретикометодологических оснований, конструирование методологии инклюзивного образования. Показывается, что значимость работы в сфере инклюзии связана с применением конструктивно-феноменологического подхода с использованием концептов темпоральности и интерсубъективности к полисубъективному ценностнорациональному взаимодействию субъектов с особыми потребностями в данном обществе. Поднимаются малоисследованные вопросы, касающиеся того, что индивид с особыми потребностями представлен межсубъектными взаимодействиями с другими индивидами во включающем обществе.
Гедонистический подход в рассмотрении страдания английскими философами Нового времени
Authors: Токарев Д.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье рассматривается гедонистический вариант атрибутивной модели страдания на основе философских взглядов Джона Локка, Дэвида Юма и Иеремии Бентама. Проанализированы различные источники XVII – XVIII веков, литература об английских философах Нового времени, в которых, так или иначе, затрагивается проблема страдания и гедонистический вариант его преодоления. Подчеркивается тесная связь страдания и удовольствия с рефлексией человека. Страдание определяется в рациональном контексте, но с этическим следованием от религиозного мироощущения к новым тенденциям светского характера.
Проблема достоверности философских знаний
Authors: Чумаков В.А.
Published: June 2021

В докладе представлены свойства философского текста, повышающие вероятность создания достоверного произведения, а также приведен анализ некоторых, не вполне достоверных философских работ.
Prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder among Medical Students from Six Medical Schools in Khartoum State
Authors: Suleiman Hazeem Abdeljaleel , Elamin Sara Ahmed , Alobeid Abdalaziz Awad , Altaib Wegdan Elshame
Published: June 2021

Background: Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) is a type of anxiety disorder which is characterized by significant anxiety and discomfort about being embarrassed, humiliated, rejected, or looked down on in social interactions. Although it affects about 30% of adults worldwide at some point in their lives, lifetime social anxiety disorder affects only about 4% of the world population. People with this disorder experience extreme fear of social interactions (e.g., public speaking and meeting new people). This anxiety affects daily functions and lasts at least six months. They may also experience strong physical symptoms like rapid heart rate, nausea, vomiting, and full-blown attacks. Social phobia can be treated by a combination of psychotherapy and medical treatment (e.g., anti-anxiety, antidepressants, and beta-blockers).
Methods: This study was conducted using the Arabic SPIN and a group of questions to assess the associated factors, complications, and sociodemographic determinate of social anxiety disorder and included a total of 375 medical students from different universities and educational years.
Results: The overall prevalence of social anxiety disorder among our participants was 61.3%, of which 19.2% had mild, 21.6% moderate, 10.9% severe, and 9.6% had very severe SAD. There was a significant difference regarding self-esteem, academic achievement, and drug addiction between students with social phobia and students with no social phobia.
Conclusion: Social phobia is quite prevalent among Sudanese medical students, particularly the severe form of the disorder with no significant gender differences. It seems to affect self-esteem and academic achievement and can be associated with drug addiction.
Igualdad de Trato y No Discriminación: conceptualización, víctimas y ámbitos en Euskadi.
Authors: Sancosmed Cámara Imanol , Sabana Bisoko Diogenes
Published: June 2021

La diversidad cultural es uno de los rasgos característicos de las sociedades contemporáneas, donde la coincidencia de personas con diversos orígenes étnico – raciales o diversidad sexoafectiva (entre otros) ha traído aparejado el reto de la gestión positiva de la diversidad.

Para ello, se ha desarrollado un corpus jurídico a nivel internacional, nacional y autonómico que atienda a la protección de dos derechos clave, como son el derecho a la Igualdad de Trato y el derecho a la diferencia, con el fin de garantizar el pleno desarrollo de las personas y  colectivos que conforman nuestras sociedades.

A pesar de que Euskadi es una sociedad abierta a la diversidad, algunos datos señalan la presencia de algunas formas discriminatorias en diferentes ámbitos y por parte de distintos agentes. El objetivo del presente artículo es ofrecer una visión general sobre esta realidad, tomando diferentes fuentes que ayuden a ofrecer una fotografía del fenómeno lo más completa posible.
Ko grem in se vrnem, objemam ves svet: Katalog k razstavi skupine W.O.R.M.S. v Univerzitetni knjižnici Maribor, 2. 7.–11. 9. 2021
Authors: Salmič Kovačič Karmen
Published: June 2021

Katalog k razstavi skupine W.O.R.M.S. v Univerzitetni knjižnici Maribor, 2. 7.–11. 9. 2021
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FITOSSOCIOLÓGICA DO COMPONENTE HALÓFILO-PSAMÓFILO EM UMA ÁREA DE DUNAS, MARANHÃO, BRASIL
Authors: Santos Catherine Rios , Amorim Ingrid Fabiana Fonseca , Almeida Jr. Eduardo Bezerra de
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o arranjo e distribuição da composição herbácea halófila psamófila em uma área de dunas, com o intuito de destacar a diversidade de espécies e assim contribuir para a conservação da vegetação de dunas. Foi realizada uma análise fitossociológica do estrato herbáceo no período de agosto de 2017 a julho de 2018, no trecho de dunas próximo à faixa da praia de São Marcos. Foram distribuídas, ao longo da área, 50 parcelas de 1m² e foram calculados os parâmetros estruturais para as espécies, além do índice de diversidade de Shannon. Como critério de inclusão para o componente herbáceo foram consideradas as espécies que não apresentaram lignificação em toda sua extensão. Foram identificadas 41 espécies, em 34 gêneros, pertencentes a 18 famílias. As espécies que apresentaram maior Valor de Importância foram Paspalum maritimum, Centrosema brasilianum, Crotalaria retusa, Chamaecrista hispidula e Turnera subulata. Os índices de Shannon (H’) quando calculado com os valores da cobertura foi: H’c =1,58 nats m² e com os valores de frequência foi H’f =3;12 nats m². As espécies que mais se destacaram na área são comuns de ambientes antropizados e apresentam atributos favoráveis aos fatores limitantes encontrados em áreas de dunas.PHYSIOCHLOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HALOPHILPSAMOPHYL COMPONENT IN A AREA OF DUNAS, SÃO LUIS, MARANHÃO STATE, BRAZILABSTRACTThe objective of present was study had as objective to analyze the arrangement and distribution of the psamophilic herbaceous composition in an area of dunes near the beach line, with the intention of highlighting the diversity of species and thus contributing to the conservation of dune vegetation. A phytosociological analysis of the herbaceous stratum was carried out from August 2017 to July 2018, in the dune stretch near the São Marcos beach strip, municipality of São Luís. A total of 50m2 plots were distributed and the structural parameters randomly for the species and the Shannon diversity index. As inclusion criterion for the herbaceous component, we considered the species are not lignificated along the stem extension. A total of 41 species, 34 genera and 18families were found in the survey area. The species that presented the highest Importance Value were Paspalum maritimum, Centrosema brasilianum, Crotalaria retusa, Chamaecrista hispidula and Turnera subulata. The Shannon indices (H’) when calculated with the coverage values were: H’c =1,58 nats.m-² and with the frequency values of H’f =3;12 nats.m-². The most prominent species in the area are common in anthropic environments and present morphological attributes favorable to common limiting factors in dune areas.Keywords: Anthropisation; Environmental parameters; Herbaceous; Restinga; Conservation.