bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Binary Change Detection in Hyperspectral Images Using an Efficient Dimensionality Reduction Technique Within Adversarial Learning
Authors: Oubara Amel , Wu Falin , Qu Guoxin , Maleki Reza , Yang Gongliu
Published: December 2024

Detecting binary changes in co-registered bitemporal hyperspectral images (HSIs) using deep learning methods is challenging due to the high dimensionality of spectral data and significant variations between images. To address this challenge, previous approaches often used dimensionality reduction methods separately from the change detection network, leading to less accurate results. In this study, we propose an end-to-end fully connected adversarial network (EFC-AdvNet) for binary change detection, which efficiently reduces the dimensionality of bitemporal HSIs and simultaneously detects changes between them. This is accomplished by extracting critical spectral features at the pixel level through a self-spectral reconstruction (SSR) module working in conjunction with an adversarial change detection (Adv-CD) module to effectively delineate changes between bitemporal HSIs. The SSR module employs a fully connected autoencoder for hyperspectral dimensionality reduction and spectral feature extraction. By integrating the encoder segment of the SSR module with the change detection network of the Adv-CD module, we create a generator that directly produces highly accurate change maps. This joint learning approach enhances both feature extraction and change detection capabilities. The proposed network is trained using a comprehensive loss function derived from the concurrent learning of the SSR and Adv-CD modules, establishing EFC-AdvNet as a robust end-to-end network for hyperspectral binary change detection. Experimental evaluations of EFC-AdvNet on three public hyperspectral datasets demonstrate that joint learning between the SSR and Adv-CD modules improves the overall accuracy (OA) by 5.44%, 10.43%, and 7.52% for the Farmland, Hermiston, and River datasets, respectively, compared with the separate learning approach.
From Fields to Microclimate: Assessing the Influence of Agricultural Landscape Structure on Vegetation Cover and Local Climate in Central Europe
Authors: Kuntzman Jan , Brom Jakub
Published: December 2024

Agricultural intensification through simplification and specialization has homogenized diverse landscapes, reducing their heterogeneity and complexity. While the negative impact of large, simplified fields on biodiversity has been well-documented, the role of landscape structure in mitigating climatic extremes and stabilizing climate is becoming increasingly important. Despite considerable knowledge of landscape cover types, understanding of how landscape structure influences climatic characteristics remains limited. To explore this further, we studied an area along the Czech–Austrian border, where socio-political factors have created stark contrasts in landscape structure, despite a similar topography. Using Land Parcel Information System (LPIS) data, we analyzed the landscape structure on both sides and processed eight Landsat 8 and 9 OLI/TIRS scenes from the 2022 vegetation season to calculate spectral indices (NDVI, NDMI) and microclimatic features (surface temperature, albedo, and energy fluxes). Our findings revealed significant differences between the two regions. Czech fields, with their larger, simpler structure and lower edge density, can amplify local climatic extremes. In contrast, the distribution of values on the Austrian side was more even, likely due to the greater diversity of cultivated crops, a more spatially diverse landscape, and a balanced spread of agricultural activities over time. In light of climate change and biodiversity conservation, these results emphasize the need to protect and restore landscape complexity to enhance resilience and environmental stability.
Long-Term Impacts of 250 Wind Farms on Surface Temperature and Vegetation in China: A Remote Sensing Analysis
Authors: Han Xiaohui , Lu Chen , Wang Jiao
Published: December 2024

Wind energy is widely considered a clean and renewable resource, yet the environmental impacts of wind farm (WFs) installations, particularly on local climate and ecosystems, remain underexplored on a large scale. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the long-term effects of 250 WFs across China on land surface temperature (LST) and vegetation using remote sensing data. By comparing inside and outside LST and peak normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) trends before and after five years of construction, we identified key environmental changes. Results indicated that the WFs significantly increased nighttime LST by 0.20 °C and decreased daytime LST by 0.11 °C, with pronounced seasonal variability during daytime. A total of 75.20% of the WFs negatively impacted vegetation, with no discernible seasonality in this effect. Geographical factors such as latitude, longitude, and elevation showed weak correlations with these impacts. Our findings provide valuable insights into the environmental consequences of wind power development and contribute to more informed planning for sustainable energy generation and climate adaptation strategies.
Investigating the Underpinning Criteria of Employees’ Social Sustainability and Their Impact on Job Satisfaction in the U.A.E. Construction Sector
Authors: Saboor Sara , Ahmed Vian
Published: December 2024

The construction sector holds a paramount position in the economic landscape of any country, serving as its foundational pillar. This sector, characterized by its diverse and dynamic environment, is crucial in job creation across various domains, including transportation, real estate, manufacturing, trade, warehousing, wholesale, and leasing services. Employing about one quarter of the global workforce, its significance is undeniable. Despite its pivotal role, the construction sector grapples with significant mental health and social sustainability challenges. Reports in recent years indicate that approximately one in four individuals worldwide experiences various forms of mental disorders. A study by the Global Burden of Disease in 2010 revealed that around 400 million people globally suffer from depression with projections suggesting that depression could be the leading cause of employee mortality by 2030. This underscores the critical need to address mental health and well-being issues in this sector. While the existing literature has presented numerous studies and reliable scales linking employee mental health and well-being to factors such as job satisfaction, productivity, absenteeism, and low turnover rates, these studies often operate in isolation, concentrating on specific aspects of mental health. This study views mental health and well-being as essential parts of defining social sustainability as a comprehensive concept. Moreover, limited research has been conducted to assist organizations in decision making and facilitate efforts to enhance the social sustainability of employees in the construction sector, highlighting a noticeable research gap. To address this gap, our study adopted a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, incorporating semi-structured interviews, surveys, and structural equation modeling to identify the underpinning criteria that define the social sustainability of employees. This study accordingly incorporated the identified criteria to evaluate the relationship and impact of these factors on employees’ job satisfaction, ultimately contributing to the assurance of social sustainability for employees within the construction sector in the UAE. This holistic approach seeks to establish the intricate relationship between employees’ job satisfaction and their mental health, providing valuable insights for guiding organizational decisions and fostering improvements in employee social sustainability in the construction sector generally and the UAE construction sector in particular.
Sustainable Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: A Bi-Level Optimization Framework for Reducing Vehicular Emissions in Urban Road Networks
Authors: E. Seilabi Sania , Pourgholamali Mohammadhosein , Miralinaghi Mohammad , Homem de Almeida Correia Gonçalo , Li Zongzhi , Labi Samuel
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a decision-making framework for a multiple-period planning of electric vehicle (EV) charging station development. In this proposed framework, transportation planners seek to implement a phased provision of electric charging stations as well as repurposing gas stations at selected locations. The developed framework is presented as a bi-level optimization problem that determines the optimal electric charging network design while capturing the practical constraints and travelers’ decisions. The upper level minimizes overall vehicle CO emissions by selecting optimal charging stations and their capacities, while the lower-level models travelers’ choices of vehicle class (EV or conventional) and travel routes. A genetic algorithm is developed to solve this problem. The results of the numerical experiments describe the sensitive nature of EV market penetration rates in the urban traffic stream and overall vehicle CO emissions to EV charging station availability and capacity. The findings can assist transportation agencies in designing effective EV charging infrastructure by identifying optimal locations and capacities, as well as in creating policies to encourage EV use over time. This study supports broader efforts to reduce air pollution and promote sustainable transportation by promoting EV adoption in the long term.
Examining Cardboard as a Construction Material for Sustainable Building Practices in Lima, Peru
Authors: Ikemiyashiro Higa Daniel , Taki Ahmad
Published: December 2024

This research work aimed to analyse the impact and potential of cardboard as a construction material, as well as cultural aspects and sustainable construction regulations, in the context of Lima, Peru. The study employed a mixed research methodological approach, including three case studies from Japan, the Netherlands, and the UK, online interviews, and surveys with British, Polish, and Peruvian architects. Additionally, a range of dynamic thermal simulations of an existing school building in the UK employing cardboard construction material were conducted to evaluate its impact on energy consumption. The survey revealed that there is a gap in information about the material applied to the architecture and construction environment, which is coupled with a general distrust and little credibility regarding its inclusion. However, cardboard is also seen as a complementary material in hybrid construction systems, with potential recycling enhancing environmental sustainability. The case studies showed cardboard structures can fulfil different functions with flexible designs that are adaptable to different contexts, simple, economical, accessible, recyclable, and capable of resisting natural disasters. However, post-construction consequences affect the structural integrity. Simulations carried out with EnergyPlus confirmed that cardboard has an optimal performance that can be a great complement or variation to traditional materials to reduce the carbon footprint and could meet the U-value requirements established in the construction regulations. Since it has low thermal conductivity and good acoustic insulation, it is recyclable and generates fewer CO2 emissions, and it is economical, accessible, versatile, and light in use. For example, from a technical point of view, when used as thermal insulation, this element outperforms other conventional materials due to its cellular structure, which traps air, a poor conductor of heat. This study provides a set of guidelines for sustainable building practices. Such guidelines can be adopted to produce a prototype of a sustainable building using cardboard as the main construction material to contribute to the current debates on the state of building materials. It offers valuable perspectives on the development of building materials, construction techniques, and building regulations that can guide the way forward for sustainable building practices in the future, informing policymakers and building designers about construction techniques that adhere to building codes and lessen the built environment’s environmental impact.
Effect of Fusion to the LTB Carrier Protein on Coronavirus Spike Protein Vaccine Candidates Produced in Maize
Authors: Egelkrout Erin , Maj Magdalena , Manjarin Rodrigo , Fake Gina , Watanabe Muneaki , Williams Jenna , Blanchard Nate , Walker John , Hayden Celine , Howard John
Published: December 2024

Coronaviruses continue to disrupt health and economic productivity worldwide. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a devastating swine disease and SARS-CoV-2 is the latest coronavirus to infect the human population. Both viruses display a similar spike protein on the surface that is a target of vaccine development. Despite the availability of commercial vaccines for both viruses, there is still a high occurrence of infections and a great need for enhanced efficacy and lower costs. We previously produced the PEDV spike protein (S) using transgenic maize, enabling a low-cost supply of the vaccine candidate. In this study, we (1) test orally delivered PEDV vaccine candidates in pigs to optimize the mucosal immune response; (2) generate the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein in maize; and (3) perform structural characterization of the S1 protein for PEDV and SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrated high expression levels in maize of the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, both with and without fusion to the heat-labile enterotoxin B (LTB) subunit. We found that the LTB fusion protein from both coronaviruses preferentially assembles into higher molecular weight multimers, consistent with the formation of trimers. For PEDV, administering the spike protein fused to LTB to young pigs elicited a higher level of mucosal IgAs compared to maize grain containing the S1 protein alone or controls. This suggests that fusing the coronavirus spike protein with LTB may provide better protection.
Research on Flood Storage and Disaster Mitigation Countermeasures for Floods in China’s Dongting Lake Area Based on Hydrological Model of Jingjiang–Dongting Lake
Authors: Zhao Wengang , Ji Weizhi , Wang Jiahu , Jiang Jieyu , Song Wen , Wang Zaiai , Lv Huizhu , Lu Hanyou , Liu Xiaoqun
Published: December 2024

China’s Dongting Lake area is intertwined with rivers and lakes and possesses many water systems. As such, it is one of the most complicated areas in the Yangtze River Basin, in terms of the complexity of its flood control. Over time, siltation and reclamation in the lake area have greatly weakened the river discharge capacity of the lake area, and whether it can endure extreme floods remains an open question. As there is no effective scenario simulation model for the lake area, this study constructs a hydrological model for the Jingjiang–Dongting Lake system and verifies the model using data from 11 typical floods occurring from 1954 to 2020. The parameters derived from 2020 data reflect the latest hydrological relationship between the lake and the river, while meteorological data from 1954 and 1998 are used as inputs for various scenarios with the aim of evaluating the flood pressure of the lake area, using the water levels at the Chengglingji and Luoshan stations as indicators. The preliminary results demonstrate that the operation of the upstream Three Gorges Dam and flood storage areas cannot completely offset the flood pressure faced by the lake area. Therefore, the reinforcement and raising of embankments should be carried out, in order to cope with potential extreme flood events. The methodology and results of this study have reference value for policy formation, flood control, and assessment and dispatching in similar areas.
Influence of Airfoil Curvature and Blade Angle on Vertical Axis Hydraulic Turbine Performance in Low Flow Conditions
Authors: Shen Chunyun , Han Yubing , Wang Shiming , Wang Zekun
Published: December 2024

The vertical axis hydrokinetic turbine is increasingly being used as a renewable energy device to harness tidal energy. In coastal regions with low tidal flow velocities, vertical-axis hydrokinetic turbines often exhibit low energy conversion efficiency, limiting their engineering applications. However, research in this field lacks systematic reviews and reliable solutions for improving efficiency. The paper, based on the traditional vertical axis hydrokinetic turbines, utilized numerical calculations and experimental methods to investigate the effects of blade helicity and airfoil curvature on the energy conversion efficiency of vertical axis hydrokinetic turbines in low flow velocity conditions. Additionally, an improved vertical-axis turbine model is proposed to enhance energy conversion efficiency in low-flow environments. The results indicate that increasing the blade helical angle and airfoil curvature can better optimize the flow conditions around the turbine, significantly improving the energy conversion efficiency of vertical axis turbines. The airfoil blade with a 20% curvature performs best at blade angle, with its power coefficient curve reaching higher peak values at several azimuth angles. At this point, the maximum efficiency reaches 24.42%. Compared to the conventional straight-blade design, the improved turbine model exhibits 6.13% increase in average energy capture efficiency, 3.70% increase in average dynamic torque, and 11.1% improvement in self-starting performance. Comparative analysis reveals that vertical-axis helical blade turbines exhibit superior hydrodynamic performance under low-flow conditions, effectively overcoming the limitations of conventional straight-blade turbines, including poor self-starting capability and low efficiency. This research provides valuable insights into improving the performance of vertical-axis turbines in low-flow environments and suggests innovative solutions for optimizing turbine design.
Assessment of the impact of comprehensive rehabilitation on the quality of life in patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving immunotherapy and having recovered from severe COVID-19
Authors:   JSC «MEDSI Group of Companies,» MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk Urban District, Otradnoe Settlement, Moscow Region, Russia, Alieskerov M. V. , Mochalova A. S. ,   JSC «MEDSI Group of Companies,» MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk Urban District, Otradnoe Settlement, Moscow Region,B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery Moscow, Russia, Kashanova A. E. ,   JSC «MEDSI Group of Companies,» MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk Urban District, Otradnoe Settlement, Moscow Region, Russia, Ogorodnikov V. A., ,   JSC «MEDSI Group of Companies,» MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk Urban District, Otradnoe Settlement, Moscow Region, Russia, Suetina M. S. ,   JSC «MEDSI Group of Companies,» MEDSI Clinical Hospital in Otradnoe, Krasnogorsk Urban District, Otradnoe Settlement, Moscow Region, Russia
Published: December 2024

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 85 % of all cases. Modern approaches to treating NSCLC include the use of immuno-oncology drugs, which have become a breakthrough in oncology. After experiencing a severe form of COVID-19, patients may continue to experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, weakness, and fatigue, which can affect the efficacy and tolerability
of anticancer therapy. Comprehensive rehabilitation can significantly improve the quality of life for such patients.
Objective: Assessing the impact of comprehensive rehabilitation on the efficacy and tolerability of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients after severe COVID-19
Materia and Methods: The study included 33 NSCLC patients divided into a main group (n=18) and a control group (n=15). The main group underwent comprehensive rehabilitation, including nutritional support, therapeutic physical exercises, and respiratory gymnastics. Efficacy was assessed according to
RECIST 1.1 criteria, and the tolerability of immunotherapy was evaluated based on CTCAE 5.0 toxicity criteria.
Results: The main group demonstrated an increase in the number of partial responses; however, the differences were not statistically significant.
Comparable rates of disease stabilization and progression were observed between groups. Patients in the main group experienced significantly less fatigue and weight loss.
Conclusion: Comprehensive rehabilitation helps reduce the frequency of adverse events during immunotherapy and can be considered an important component of a personalized treatment approach for this patient category. No significant differences in immunotherapy efficacy were found with comprehensive rehabilitation.
Multiple sclerosis: modern view on the problem
Authors:   B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery Moscow, Russia, B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery Moscow, Russia, Shamilina E. A. ,   JSC «Medsi Group of Companies», Moscow, Russia, Koneva E. S. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), B. V Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, JSC «Medsi Group of Companies», Moscow, Russia, Sazonova E.O. ,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Russian university of medicine" of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation., Bogolepova O.V. ,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Russian university of medicine" of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation., Silaev I.M. ,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education "Russian university of medicine" of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation.
Published: December 2024

Currently, multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most socially and economically significant problems in modern neurology. The risk of developing MS is associated with the place of residence, belonging to a certain race, ethnic group. The disease is predominantly common among the white population of the Earth. The relevance of studying the problem of MS is due to the complexity of the disease with various models of manifestation and variable prognosis, the cumulative effect of disorders and disabilities. High prevalence, progressive
development and increase in disabling symptoms affect the reduction of social, everyday and professional independence of patients, which determines the need for further research at a modern technical level. The article presents the current state of the problem and the results of scientific research on this pathology.
Aspects of the Development of European Defence Economical Cooperation in the PESCO Project
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations of Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO RAS), Moscow, Koroshchupov V. O.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the development of the European project of Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO), defence and economic cooperation of the EU countries within the project, contradictions between the concept of a multi-speed Europe and the unanimity rule in the European defence policy. As a result of the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that within the
PESCO project, European countries are more focused on national military programs than on the agreed supranational priorities for the creation of weapons systems. However, recently, the implementation of some military programs within the project indicate a desire to comply with supranational priorities for the implementation of military programs. In addition, the fact was revealed that high-tech weapons systems with multi-year funding programs and long construction periods can be implemented, almost, only by two countries in the European Union that have the political will and large defence-economic potential, which indicates the long-term nature of the defence-economic integration of the EU countries and the desire of the EU countries to use different approaches (not only within the PESCO framework) in achieving the goal of the EU Defence Union.
Study of the Influence of Generation Z Characteristics on the Process of Human Resources Management of the Organization by the Artificial Intelligence System
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Lomakin N. I. , Samsonova E. V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Tsygankova V. N. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Kuzmina L. V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Samsonova M. V. ,   Volgograd State Pedagogical University, Volgograd, Moiseeva V. V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Volkova N. Yu. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Gostyunin S. A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd
Published: December 2024

The article examines the characteristics of generations X, Y, Z, and offers practical recommendations for optimizing the hiring processes and interactions with this group, taking into account their unique characteristics and potential. The relevance of the study is that in today’s society, engulfed in rapid technological change, generation Z is becoming a key participant in the labor market, while more and more studies are devoted to the application of modern methods in the study of the characteristics
of generation Z and the use of this fact in human resource management. The scientific novelty is that the study put forward and proved the hypothesis that using the deep learning (DL) model «Random Forest» it is possible to form a forecast of the decision to hire applicants, representatives of generations X, Y, Z. Applicants who scored above the average level receive 1 and can be hired. It is possible to tighten the requirements by raising the "bar" of requirements higher. The program can select the required number of applicants from a ranked series. The results of the study, when statistically processed, indicate that the best candidates can be selected among the representatives of Generation Z using the deep learning method Random Forest.
TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTION FOR PROCESSING SOFT PARTS OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University, Lubimyi Nikolai Sergeevich , Chetverikov Boris Sergeevich ,   Belgorod State Technological University, Topilin Ivan Vladimirovich ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Feofilova Anastasia Alexandrovna ,   Don State Technical University
Published: December 2024

In the production of a wide range of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), the weight of the components of the product is of particular importance. For this purpose, manufacturers resort to the use of various composite materials, plastics, and aluminum alloys in their designs. UAS parts often have a complex shape, justified by the need for a balanced arrangement of components relative to each other, the presence of a large number of mounting holes and surfaces, and a streamlined shape of the products. Thus, the parts used in the manufacture of UAS have, on the one hand, a complex shape, and on the other, taking into account the properties of the material, low rigidity in certain directions, since these parts are made thin-walled. The study provides a technological solution that allows for the mechanical processing of a non-rigid UAS part using automated production tools. The necessary method for calculating the fastening forces is provided, taking into account the proposed method of fastening a non-rigid workpiece on the developed tooling. The process of operation of the developed tooling and its configuration are also described. The technological equipment for making holes in a non-rigid part of the proposed design will improve the accuracy of processing during mechanical processing by milling, due to the reliable fixation of the workpiece by depriving it of all six degrees of freedom when exposed to cutting forces.
INTELLIGENT ADAPTIVE FLIGHT CREW DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THUNDERSTORM AVOIDANCE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation, Kovalenko Gennadiy Vladimirovich , Yadrov Ilya Alexandrovich ,   St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation
Published: December 2024

At present, aircraft crews flying in complex meteorological conditions are guided only by radar screen data and the requirements of the airline's Flight Operations Manual, and may face the problem of selecting the optimal thunderstorm avoidance route. This article presents the result of an attempt to create an Intelligent Adaptive System, the main task of which is to assist crew members in optimizing the route of thunderstorm bypass so that, firstly, to prevent the aircraft from entering the thunderstorm activity zone and to ensure thunderstorm bypass at a safe distance, regulated by regulatory documents, and, secondly, to ensure an acceptable level of fuel efficiency.
SELECTION OF TEST MODES FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE MOTORS IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Lobov Nikolay Vladimirovich , Afanasyev Valery Valer’evich ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: December 2024

Taking intoaccount the peculiarities of the operation of an electric vehicle,atheoreticalanalysis of the existingtypical operating modesofindustrialelectricmotors has been carried out.Theselection of loadingmodes of the electricmotor has been carried out, which bestcorrespond to the mode of movement of the vehicleunderoperatingconditions. Out of10typical operating modesof electric motors, the choice of twomodes is justified.
ASPECTS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Orel Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Mitryaev Ivan Sergeevich
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the effectiveness of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in modern urban environments. The authors examine the role of ITS in addressing challenges related to urban mobility, environmental impact, and social equity. The paper emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to assessing and implementing ITS, as these systems optimize traffic flows, reduce private car use, and lower emissions. The social impact of ITS is highlighted, particu-larly in terms of improving transport accessibility, safety, and overall quality of life for urban resi-dents. The authors also discuss the future development of ITS, considering the integration of ad-vanced technologies and the growing needs of the population.
SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS OF MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), Malikhina Olesya Vladimirovna
Published: December 2024

In the modern world, which is developing against the background of industrial revolutions, transport networks are becoming especially important. Their role in economic growth and social interaction is invaluable. Over time, these systems evolve into complex multi-level structures, ranging from personal vehicles to extensive air routes. To ensure their operability, safety and reliability, it requires not only a deep understanding, but also the use of advanced scientific approaches. So, to consider this topic, one of the approaches is the concept of an open system proposed by L. von Bertalanfi, the study of which is necessary to improve system methodologies and improve their effectiveness in analyzing complex tasks relevant in the modern world. The paper examines the key ideas of the open systems concept, analyzes the importance of these components for the progress of the system, and also examines issues related to maintaining sustainable development within the framework of open systems.
Speech-Based Techniques for Emotion Detection in Natural Arabic Audio Files
Authors: Kaloub Ashraf , Abed Elgabar Eltyeb
Published: December 2024

Emotion detection is one of the greatest challenges of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Often referred to as emotion recognition, it is the process of identifying a person’s various feelings or emotions such as: happiness, sadness, or anger. Emotions are a strong feeling regarding a human's situation or relation with others. They are the mental states that affect human behavior and interactions. In this paper, we propose an approach for emotion detection in audio files, focusing on a natural Arabic audio dataset and applying several Machine Learning (ML) classifiers: Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO), Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), and Simple Logistic (SL). The classification experiments were conducted using sixteen acoustic feature sets. Many acoustic features were explored including Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC), Mel spectrogram, spectral contrast, Zero Crossing Rate (ZCR), and Intensity. The experimental results show that SMO and SL classifiers achieved the highest overall accuracy 83.82% when using combinations of all acoustic features (MFCC, Mel spectrogram, Spectral contrast, ZCR and intensity). Additionally, The RF and KNN classifiers yielded Competitive results, with accuracies of 81.71% and 77.34%, respectively. These results suggest that combining multiple acoustic features significantly enhances the performance of emotion detection models, especially for complex emotions in natural Arabic audio datasets
Improved Collaborative Filtering Recommender System Based on Hybrid Similarity Measures
Authors: Abdi Mohamed , Okeyo George , Mwangi Ronald
Published: December 2024

Recommender Systems (RS) based on collaborative filtering has been successfully applied to provide relevant and personalized recommendations from an enormous amount of data in various domains. To achieve this, similarity measurements, such as the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC), Cosine, and Jaccard, are used to compute the similarity between users or items based on correlations among user preferences from the user-item rating matrix. However, existing similarity metrics suffer from drawbacks emanating from data sparsity caused by insufficient number of transactions and feedback and scalability of the system’s ability to handle increasing amounts of data efficiently. The objective of this study is to improve the recommendation quality and increase the prediction accuracy by addressing the problems of similarity computation in collaborative filtering. This paper presents a hybrid similarity measure that combines Adjusted Triangle similarity, User Rating Preference behavior, and the Jaccard (ATURPJ) coefficient. The proposed hybrid similarity measures were evaluated on four widely used and publicly available datasets, MovieLens, FilmTrust, and CiaoDVD, using the predictive accuracy metrics of Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and recommendation quality of Precision, Recall, and F-measure. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid similarity measure significantly outperforms existing approaches with MAE of 0.547 and RMSE of 0.735 compared to the baseline of 0.707 and 0.903 respectively on ML-100k dataset. Overall, this approach has the potential to improve the quality of recommendation and accuracy of the prediction
Research on Modelling Capability of English Multimodal File Search based on Transformer
Authors: Li Hongjuan
Published: December 2024

With the exponential growth of file data in the multimedia era, file retrieval ability to achieve effective data management has become a hot research field. Based on people’s English file search needs, this paper proposes an English multimodal file search model based on transformer. Through ablation experiments on two public data sets and comparison experiments with the benchmark model, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed transformers algorithm model in multi-modal data processing are verified. The multi-modal fusion retrieval system can usually achieve better performance than the single-modal retrieval system. This experiment focuses on three modes: Audio, Image and Text. The experimental results show that the proposed method can not only improve the efficiency of file search, but also extract modal features and perform feature fusion better. In the future, we can further explore different types of other attention mechanisms or integrate a variety of different architectures to further enhance the feasibility and superiority of multimodal file search
HYDROPHOBIC PROPERTIES OF CEMENT STONE WITH WASTE ADDITIVES OF LECITHIN EXTRACTION
Authors: Kharlamov V. , Lopanov A. , Dement'ev K. , Sysoev P.
Published: December 2024

In the course of this work, the characteristics of water absorption, contact angle, surface using natural energy, samples of cement stone from well cement and CEM A/II - 42.5 N with the addition of additives based on lecithin extraction waste were studied. The strength characteristics of cement stone with the addition of additives based on lecithin extraction waste were also confirmed. It has been established that the addition of 0.5% technical lecithin to cement reduces water absorption to 4.5%. It was revealed that an increase in soy lecithin in the amount of 0.1% leads to water absorption of cement stone based on well cement up to 6.35%. Oxalate-fatty sediment, when added to cement stone based on well cement with a wave force with a charge force, water absorption of the liquid is up to 8.15% with an additive content of 0.5%. The best results in reducing water absorption in cement stones based on CEM A/II - 42.5 N are observed with an oxalate-fatty sediment content of 0.5% and measured values of 2.81%. In the case of remaining exposure, water absorption changes only slightly. The wetting edges of the samples were measured and the surface free energies were calculated. The strength characteristics of cement stone samples based on CEM A/II - 42.5 N with the addition of additives based on lecithin extraction waste were measured.
PRACTICE OF URBAN ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF KOLTUH SETTLEMENT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT WORLD EXPERIENCE
Authors: Khmeleva E. , Lutchenko S.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the organization of the spatial planning system, zoning systems taking into account the world experience of Great Britain, Germany, France, Japan, Australia and Scandinavian countries. The article presents the differentiation of countries by the principles of administrative and legal management of territories, considers the issues of combining and separating functional and urban planning zoning within one document, the sequence and scale of implementation of urban planning documentation, the role of the Unified Document of Territorial Planning and Urban Zoning in modern urban planning practice and the possibilities of its application. The article examines the features of the implementation of territorial planning and urban zoning documents using the example of the Leningrad Region, in particular, when implementing the General Plan and the Rules for Land Use and Development of the Koltuh Settlement as an example of working with the Unified Document. Using the Koltushi settlement as an example, it was found that the parameters of the functional zones do not correspond to the parameters established in the land use and development rules of the settlement, and the boundaries of the territorial zones mostly broadcast the boundaries of land plots established in the unified state real estate register. In part of the territory where functional zoning was established, the regulations for land use and development rules in Koltushi were not established, which means that the general plan requires revision and synchronization with urban zoning in the form of a Single Document. Two principles of zoning the territory when working with a Single Document are proposed: polyfunctional zoning of the territory with the allocation of priority functions, which will allow for the clarification of the planned function of the territory at the next planning level; monofunctional zoning of the territory, which will allow for automated parallel changes to both types of zoning in order to avoid an excessive number of edits to the documents.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE IDENTITY OF THE TERRITORY OF A NOTABLE PLACE OF FEDERAL SIGNIFICANCE “KOLTUSHSKAYA UPLAND AND KOLTUSHSKOE HIGHWAY” IN THE LENINGRAD REGION
Authors: Ladik E. , Perkova M. , Sudarikova A. , Fursaeva E. , Netsvetaeva O.
Published: December 2024

Against the background of growing urbanization processes in modern society, the issues of preserving the regional identity of the architectural environment of historical small towns and settlements are becoming increasingly acute. The study presents the process of identifying the identity of the territory of the landmark of federal significance "Koltuhskaya Upland and Koltuhskoye Highway" in the Leningrad Region. The study used a comprehensive approach, including methods of retrospective, problematic, visual-landscape analysis, analysis of existing signs and symbols of the area. Social aspects influencing the formation of the identity of the urban environment were considered. In the course of the study of the territory, four main zones with their own symbols and identity were analyzed: Koltuhskie Heights, the scientific town of physiologist I.P. Pavlov, Koltuhskoye Highway, the village of Kolbino. The main urban planning problems of further development of the territory are identified, the most common of which are: the threat of loss of historical heritage, inefficient use of space, the presence of dissonant new buildings, etc. The main architectural objects, cultural features and intangible cultural heritage characterizing the identity of each zone are determined. The main features of the architectural and historical-cultural environment characterizing the identity of the territory of the landmark of federal significance "Koltuhskaya Upland and Koltuhskoye Highway" in the Leningrad Region have been identified as a basis for creating a single design code for the historical settlement. This will strengthen the connection with the history and culture of the area, improve the visual qualities of the urban environment and reveal the tourist potential of the territory.
A Special Court Ruling as a Procedural Sanction in Civil Procedure
Authors: Akhmadieva Giuzel
Published: December 2024

The lack of a uniform approach to understanding the legal nature of a special court ruling leads to a multifaceted judicial practice of its applying and reduce the effectiveness in carrying out optional tasks of civil procedure that include strengthening legality, preventing violations, and fostering a respectful attitude toward the law and the judiciary. The aim of the research is to determine the possibility of classifying a special court ruling as a civil procedural sanction. The author uses methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, and other scientific methods. The author concludes that special court rulings include two distinct groups of judicial acts differing in their legal nature. The acts of the first group have an exclusive signaling character and cannot be regarded as civil procedural sanctions. These special court rulings are based on non-procedural violations and procedural violations, if the judicial act is not directly addressed to the guilty parties. They aim to verify and take measures to eliminate or prevent the violation. The status of a procedural sanction can only be applied to a special court ruling adjudicated upon the detection by the court of civil procedural violations committed by subordinate courts or other participants which have a guilt in the committed violation. Such special court rulings entail the censure of the violator and impose additional burdens on the application of measures aimed at preventing violations and reporting them to the court.
Günlük Türk Gazete Haber Başlıklarının Dil Bilimsel İncelemesi
Authors: Sargın Meltem
Published: December 2024

İnsanlar arasındaki ilişkinin önemli bir parçasını oluşturan haberleşme; ortam ve araçları açısından yüzyıllardır değişip gelişmiş, teknoloji sayesinde yepyeni bir boyut kazanmıştır. En yaygın kitle haberleşme araçlarından olan gazeteler, günümüzde dijital ortamlarda sunulsa da önemini sürdürmektedir. Kendine özgü biçemsel ve dilsel özellikleri açısından gazete haberle başlıkları, daha ilk sayfadan okuyucuyla buluşması nedeniyle gazete içeriğinin en önemli bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Çağdaş yaşamın hızı nedeniyle çoğu kişinin haber almak için göz gezdirdiği gazetelerde haber başlıklarının başlıca iki önemli işlevi bulunmaktadır: haberi özetlemek ve dikkat çekerek haberi okunur kılmak. Bu işlevleri yerine getirmek için farklı dilsel stratejiler kullanan haber başlıklarının kendine özgü bir söylem oluşturduğu ve dil bilimsel açıdan incelenmeye değer olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle, çalışmada günlük Türk gazetelerinden elde edilmiş bir bütünce anlam bilimsel ve söz dizimsel açıdan incelenmiştir. Nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılan çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, incelenen haber başlıklarının, dikkat çekmekten çok haberleri özetleyerek okuyucuyu bilgilendirme işlevini yerine getirmeyi amaçladığını göstermektedir.
PERAN FILSAFAT ILMU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PENELITIAN MANAJEMEN: PENDEKATAN EPISTEMOLOGI, ONTOLOGI, DAN AKSIOLOGI
Authors: Rahmat Hidayat  , Ahmad Afandi  , Marupa Siregar  , Siti Mujiatun
Published: December 2024

Philosophy of science is an important foundation in the development and preparation of scientific work, including in the field of management science. This article aims to analyze the application of the principles of philosophy of science, namely epistemology, ontology, and axiology, in management research through a literature review. The findings show that epistemology provides guidance for validity and data collection methods, ontology helps in understanding the nature of organizational reality, and axiology ensures that research is ethical and makes significant practical contributions. In addition, the study identified methodological approaches often used in management research, including positivism, post-positivism, and mixed methods, demonstrating the relevance of scholarly paradigms in understanding organizational complexity. Implications of the findings include contributing to the development of new paradigms in management science and providing practical guidance for structuring more valid, relevant, and ethically responsible research. The article's conclusion asserts that philosophy of science not only builds theoretical foundations but also strengthens the quality of management research, enabling the development of scholarly work that is meaningful to both the academic community and organizational practice. Recommendations are given for integrating philosophy of science in research education and training to enhance the relevance and impact of future research outcomes.
AUTOMATION OF PASSENGER TRAFFIC DETECTION AT BUS STOPS IN URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
Authors: Semkin Aleksandr , Bodrov Andrey , Bodrov Maksim
Published: December 2024

The widespread introduction of intelligent transport systems in urban agglomerations makes it possible to increase the efficiency of operation and the level of automation of transport infrastructure management. To do this, based on the application of scientifically based approaches and methods, it requires the development and implementation of domestic software products and hardware for ITS.