bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability of fine Particulate Matter (PM 1.0 and PM 2.5 ) and its oxidative Potential at different locations in the Northern part of India
Authors: Tripathi Tulika , kale Akshay , Anand Madhu , Satsangi P.G , Taneja Ajay
Published: July 2024

The particulate matter (PM) is known to cause cardiopulmonary diseases as it is redox-active and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the human body. In this study, PM1 and PM2.5 samples were collected at Agra, India, from July to November 2022. These samples were analyzed for their oxidative potential (OP) using the dithiothreitol (DTT) Assay. The data was classified as seasonal (monsoon and post-monsoon) for different environments. The overall average PM1 mass concentrations in ambient air were 17±7, 19±8, and 31±33 μg/m3 at urban, roadside and rural locations, respectively. Similarly, the overall PM2.5 mass concentrations in ambient air were 40±17, 53±26, and 82±104 μg/m3 at urban, roadside, and rural locations, respectively. The results showed that the oxidative potential, OP-DTTv, was higher at urban and roadside for PM2.5. However, OP-DTTm was higher at urban and roadside locations for PM1. At rural sites, both OP-DTTv and OP-DTTm were higher for PM1. This study highlights the importance of understanding the oxidative potential of PM in comprehensively assessing health risks associated with reactive oxygen species in different environments.
Joint Estimation of SOC and SOH for Lithium-ion Batteries Considering Various Temperatures and Life Cycles
Authors: Guo Xifeng , Huang Yuhai , Ning Yi , Zheng Di , Wen Yinlei
Published: July 2024

In addressing the challenge of joint estimation of State of Health (SOH) and State of Charge (SOC) for lithium-ion batteries under varying temperatures and aging conditions,this study proposes a method that analyzes the correlation between SOC and SOH and considers their mutual influence. The method begins by extracting health factors (HF) derived from voltage and current dynamics across different temperatures and SOC levels. Subsequently, a hybrid approach combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), and Attention Mechanisms (A) is employed (CNN-GRU-A) to estimate SOH. Utilizing battery's current, voltage and estimated SOH are used as inputs to predict SOC, taking into consideration factors contributing to degradation of Lithium-ion battery life. Experiments conducted on NASA datasets under various temperature conditions demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high-accuracy joint estimation of SOC and SOH across diverse operating scenarios.
Development of a fuse digital model for virtual testing of breaking capacity
Authors: Murashov Iurii , Chishko Sergey , Obraztsov Nikita , Borovkov Aleksey , Kamaev Vladimir , Ponedelchenko Maxim , Dolzhenkov Andrey
Published: July 2024

As full-scale tests of electronic products are very complex and costly, manufacturers are increasingly interested in digital testing. Promising novel prototype devices are based on computer models, which are essentially mathematical models of multiphysics processes constructed in a computing environment. Computer models capable of faithfully reproducing the processes occurring in fuses allow to reduce the amount of full-scale tests necessary and shorten the time it takes to develop new designs with the required characteristics. This study reports on the construction of high-accuracy mathematical and computer models. A mathematical model was developed based on fundamental physical laws, describing gas-dynamic, thermal and electrical processes in the fuse during testing. The equations formulated were used to develop a three-dimensional non-stationary computer model of the fuse. The results of experimental studies and simulation of the fuse operation are presented. The digital model was validated. Temperature dependences of the material properties were determined. The time-current characteristics of the fuse were obtained based on virtual tests.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Electric Bicycle-related Canalicular Lacerations in a Tertiary Hospital in North China
Authors: Han Shaolei , Wang Tingting , Zhao Ran , Fan Yiming , Xin Liuqing , Sun Weifeng , Yin Huisu
Published: July 2024

Background
The purpose of this study was to describe the demographics and outcomes of patients treated for electric bicycle(EB)-related canalicular lacerations.
Methods
We performed a retrospective review of 116 patients who had suffered EB-related canalicular lacerations, and got referral to Hebei Eye Hospital in North China from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019. The demographic data including age, gender, injury laterality, injury location, associated injuries and surgical repair results were all recorded.
Results
A total of 116 patients who had EB-related canalicular lacerations and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The average age of the 116 patients was 46.9 years (ranging from 15 to 79 years), including 74 (63.8%) males and 42 (36.2%) females. Among the patients, 108 (93.1%) were farm workers, 3 (2.6%) were industrial workers, 5 (4.3%) were students. The most frequency associated injuries was fracture, and a total of 57 (49.1%) fractures were discovered, and the most common fractures sites were medial orbital wall, accounting for 25 (21.6%) patients. The functional success rate was 87.1%. High speeding was identified as the primary cause of injuries, followed by using motor vehicle lanes, carrying goods or children while riding the EB, failing to obey traffic signals, helmet wearing and evenings during rush hour.
Conclusion
EB-related canalicular lacerations may lead to severe consequences. Therefore, to improve safety awareness, put forward policies and suggestions, strengthen the publicity of laws and regulations, and regulate the use of electric bicycles, in order to improve safety and prevent injuries.
Pace of adoption of alternatives to animal-source foods and climate goals
Authors: Hale Galina , Onescu Vlad , Bhangale Ritesh
Published: July 2024

The global food system is an important contributor to greenhouse gas emissions that lead to climate change. Animal agriculture is responsible for a large share of the food-system emissions, both directly and through the production of animal feed. Limiting global warming to the goals set forth by the international community will not be possible without rapid phasing out of a substantial share of animal-source food. We show that the rapid adoption of alternatives to animal-source foods, such as plant-only diet, or plant-based, cultured, or fermentation-derived analogs to animal products, can be consistent with climate goals. Importantly, the longer the delay in the adoption of alternatives, the larger the share of diet they will have to represent in 2050 for the food system to stay within its carbon budget.
Fluctuating internal states mediate neural-behavioral covariations in V1
Authors: Seidemann Eyal , Li Baowang , Samonds Jason , Chen Yuzhi , Taillefumier Thibaud , Priebe Nicholas
Published: July 2024

Our perception of the world depends on a complex interplay between external sensory inputs and our internal states. How and where in the brain the interactions between internal states and sensory inputs are implemented remain open questions. To study the neural basis of these interactions, we used whole-cell recording to measure membrane potential (Vm) of single V1 neurons in macaque monkeys performing a reaction-time detection task. We find that most V1 neurons gradually depolarize in preparation for target onset. Remarkably, trial-to-trial variations in this preparatory buildup are correlated with the monkey’s reaction times, and these covariations are similar when the animal selects a target in either hemifield. This finding implies that variation in the preparatory buildup are shared between hemispheres and are unrelated to a competitive spatial attention mechanism. Further, we find that while the gradual buildup is largely uncorrelated with the animals’ choices, transient fluctuations in Vm around target-evoked response onset time are correlated with choice. The dependence of these Vm-to-choice covariations on the visual stimulus is consistent with a multiplicative gain, reflecting a variable internal state that interacts with variable sensory signals. Overall, our results reveal surprising covariations between the membrane potential of single V1 neurons and behavior, and that these covariations are mediated by mixture of additive and multiplicative task-related modulations of incoming sensory information.
Integrative Transcriptomic and Single-Cell Protein Characterization of Colorectal Carcinoma Delineates Distinct Tumor Immune Microenvironments Associated with Overall Survival
Authors: Hissong Erika , Bhinder Bhavneet , Kim Junbum , Ohara Kentaro , Ravichandran Hiranmayi , Assaad Majd Al , Elsoukkary Sarah , Shusterman Michael , Khan Uqba , Eng Kenneth Wha , Bareja Rohan , Manohar Jyothi , Sigouros Michael , Rendeiro Andre F. , Jessurun Jose , Ocean Allyson J. , Sboner Andrea , Elemento Olivier , Mosquera Juan Miguel , Shah Manish A.
Published: July 2024

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors with varying therapeutic response and prognosis, and evidence suggests the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a pivotal role. Using advanced molecular and spatial biology technologies, we aimed to evaluate the TIME in patients with CRC to determine whether specific alterations in the immune composition correlated with prognosis.
We identified primary and metastatic tumor samples from 31 consented patients, which were profiled with whole-exome sequencing and bulk RNA-seq. Immune cell deconvolution followed by gene set enrichment analysis and unsupervised clustering was performed. A subset of tumors underwent in situ analysis of the TIME spatial composition at single-cell resolution through Imaging Mass Mass Cytometry.
Gene set enrichment analysis revealed two distinct groups of advanced CRC, one with an immune activated phenotype and the other with a suppressed immune microenvironment. The activated TIME phenotype contained increased Th1 cells, activated dendritic cells, tertiary lymphoid structures, and higher counts of CD8+ T cells whereas the inactive or suppressed TIME contained increased macrophages and a higher M2/M1 ratio. Our findings were further supported by RNA-seq data analysis from the TCGA CRC database, in which unsupervised clustering also identified two separate groups. The immunosuppressed CRC TIME had a lower overall survival probability (HR 1.66, p=0.007).
This study supports the pertinent role of the CRC immune microenvironment in tumor progression and patient prognosis. We characterized the immune cell composition to better understand the complexity and vital role that immune activity states of the TIME play in determining patient outcome.
A definitive blue carbon measurement regime streamlined by discerning suitable novel services
Authors: Gallagher John Barry , Ray Raghab , Chuan Chee Hoe
Published: July 2024

An accurate blue carbon methodology for atmospheric carbon offsets remains elusive, if based solely on changes and export of carbon stocks. Firstly, it is a zero–sum gain to include ex situ organic carbon storage—it is a minor component and difficult to measure. Secondly, no additional sequestration comes from inorganic carbon exports—alkalinity outwelling increases the carbon sequestration of coastal waters while reducing the wetlands’, conversely with dissolved inorganic carbon outwelling. Thirdly, failing to account for allochthonous recalcitrant carbon considerably inflates the wetlands’ carbon sink, as does ignoring respiratory subsidies from partial allochthonous non–refractory mineralisation. Nonetheless, carbon mitigation is enhanced by considering a novel burial service—protection of the remaining allochthonous non–refractory carbon from coastal remineralization. By integrating all these factors relative to the baseline, a practical and parsimonious measurement regime emerges, however, that must also consider the reduction of CO2 air–sea fluxes during submersion cycles.
Intensified land uses lead to lower taxonomic richness of nematodes, springtails, and mites in a global meta-analysis
Authors: Betancur-Corredor Bibiana , Zaitsev Andrey , Russell David
Published: July 2024

The primary cause of soil biodiversity loss and one of the most significant threats to global biodiversity is land use intensification. Intensification gradients describe the spectrum of land use schemes employed for human benefits. Through the meta-analysis of faunal measurements in global intensification gradients, this study aims to systematically evaluate and quantify the effects of different forms of land use intensification on nematodes, springtails, mites, and enchytraeids. Additionally, it seeks to examine the dependence of these effects on abiotic predictors like soil properties and climate. We found that the taxonomic richness of nematodes, springtails, and mites is lower under intensified land uses. Assessing the effects on enchytraeid taxonomic richness was not possible due to the sparsity of data. When comparing arable croplands to undisturbed ecosystems, nematode density is lower in the former; no significant differences were observed for any other intensification form. Mites and springtails were more likely to show lower taxonomic richness in intensive land uses. The effects of intensification on the taxonomic richness of springtails and mites indicate that these organisms are highly vulnerable to intensification across a wide range of climatic zones. In locations with higher mean annual precipitation, increased land use had a significantly greater negative influence on nematode, springtail, and mite density and taxonomic richness. The effects of intensification suggested possible interactions between soil pH, land management practices, and soil fauna community composition. The findings imply that the density and taxonomic richness of the investigated faunal communities may be more significantly impacted by the intensity of land use overall than by individual management practices. Our study emphasizes the need for region-specific and climate-sensitive approaches to land management to mitigate the adverse effects of intensification on soil faunal biodiversity.
Improved Value Alignment in Large Language Models Using Variational Best-of-N Techniques
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Li Jinhua , Zhang Yifan
Published: July 2024

Large language models have shown high capabilities in generating human-like text and performing complex language-related tasks, yet they face significant challenges regarding value alignment to prevent the generation of harmful or biased content. The novel integration of the Variational Best-of-N technique within the Llama model enhances the ability to generate ethically aligned content by evaluating multiple candidate outputs and selecting the most appropriate one based on predefined ethical criteria. This research involved modifying the core architecture of Llama, introducing additional layers for variational inference, and implementing a sophisticated scoring mechanism to evaluate ethical alignment. Comprehensive preprocessing, balanced training data, and rigorous fine-tuning were employed to optimize the model's performance, resulting in significant improvements in coherence, relevance, and adherence to ethical standards. The modified model was rigorously evaluated using metrics such as perplexity, BLEU score, ROUGE score, and a custom ethicality score, and the results were compared with baseline models like GPT-3 and BERT. Statistical analyses confirmed that the observed improvements were statistically significant. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modifications and their potential to enhance the ethical alignment of language models, thereby contributing to the development of more trustworthy and reliable AI systems. This study sets a precedent for future innovations in the field of ethical AI, ensuring that AI systems serve the broader good of society.
Rapid Mining of Candidate Genes for the Branchless Phenotype in Watermelon by Bulked Segregant Analysis Using Whole-genome Resequencing
Authors: Ren Kaili , Su Yongquan , Tang Taoxia , Kong Weiping , Yang Yonggang , Zhao Xiaoqin , Cheng Hong
Published: July 2024

Lateral branching is an important agronomic trait in horticulture plants. The aim of this project was to reveal the genetic mechanism, map the gene localization, and predict candidate genes of watermelon lateral branching. An F2 segregating population was derived from a cross between the multibranched maternal inbred line M6 and the branchless paternal inbred line N7. Two DNA pools were constructed using 20 multibranched plants and 20 branchless plants from the F2 population. Whole-genome resequencing was performed for the DNA pools (25×) and the parents (30×) to identify the genomic region associated with lateral branching. Candidate genes were predicted based on the gene annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses; then, quantitative validation of these genes was performed. The results showed that the clean reads of four samples yielded 64,295,076 to 81,658,958 bp, with sufficient genome coverage and high quality. Based on single-nucleotide polymorphism and insertions/deletions association analyses, the candidate genes were mapped to a 2.01-Mb region on chromosome 4 (22,958,925–24,971,894 bp) containing 182 annotated genes. During the KEGG and GO enrichment analyses, these genes were annotated to 10 cellular components, 10 molecular functions, and 12 biological processes. Eight candidate genes responsible for the branchless phenotype in watermelon were identified: Cla97C04G076340, Cla97C04G075820, Cla97C04G076060, Cla97C04G076250, Cla97C04G076280, Cla97C04G076380, Cla97C04G076830, and Cla97C04G075950. These genes were involved in amino acid biosynthesis and catabolism, TCP transcription factor activity, and regulation of flower development. This study offers valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms governing the branchless phenotype in watermelon. These candidate genes serve as potential targets for gene cloning and marker-assisted selection of watermelon cultivars without lateral branches.
Quantifying the potential for mineral carbonation of processed kimberlite with the Rietveld-PONKCS method
Authors: Wang Baolin , Zeyen Nina , Wilson Sasha , Funk Rebecca , Turvey Connor C.
Published: July 2024

Quantitative phase analysis (QPA) using the Rietveld method and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns is useful for predicting the reactivity of a rock to carbon dioxide (CO2) and for quantifying mineral carbonation. Lizardite and smectites in kimberlite are reactive to CO2, but they are structurally disordered and cannot be quantified using the standard Rietveld approach. In this study, the Partial Or No Known Crystal Structure (PONKCS) method was used to model the peak profiles of a smectite and lizardite to account for turbostratic stacking disorder in synthetic samples of processed kimberlite. Lizardite and montmorillonite PONKCS models were made using XRD patterns collected with three X-ray diffractometers: two XRDs from the same manufacturer and of similar model (XRDs B1 and B2) and another XRD from a different manufacturer (XRD A1). Five synthetic samples of processed kimberlite of known compositions were prepared and used to test the results of these PONKCS models for data collected from all three instruments. The results provide a total bias ranging from 4.2–14.1 wt.% using correctly calibrated, instrument-specific PONKCS models. We also tested the sensitivity of the PONKCS method to changes in instrument geometry: PONKCS models calibrated for one instrument (XRD B1) were used in refinements with XRD data collected on an instrument made by a different manufacturer (XRD A1), or on a similar instrument made by the same company but having a slightly different geometry (XRD B2). Results were highly inaccurate when PONKCS models calibrated to XRD B1 were used with patterns collected on XRD A1 (32.1–71.6 wt.% total bias for our weighed mixtures). Our results show that the smaller differences in instrument parameters between XRD B1 and XRD B2 can also lead to inconsistent and less accurate QPA results using PONKCS (9.8–32.7 wt.% total bias). Therefore, correct calibration of PONKCS models to a specific XRD instrument is required for accurate QPA and quantification of CO2 mineralization in clay-rich rocks.
Black Women College Administrators Perspectives on Informal Mentoring: A Phenomenological Case Study
Authors: Havens-McVea Kimberly
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Within this qualitative phenomenological case study, I explored the perspectives of informal mentoring as a coping strategy to navigate workplace and career stagnation for Black women college administrators in the United States. Findings from their experiences indicate that while formal mentoring and sponsorship existed for their counterparts, it was not accessible for them. The participants described informal mentoring was needed and helpful for their workplace challenges and for the cultivation of their leadership growth strategies, particularly as employees at predominately white institutions. Seven themes emerged: (a) Defining Supportive Relationships; (b) Relevancy of Race and Gender in Mentoring; (c) Cultivating Kinships and Networks; (d) Identifying Salient Challenges; (e) Navigating Campus Culture; (f) Penetrating Boundaries to Leadership; and (7) Leveraging for Leadership.
Keywords: mentoring; Black women college administrators, counterspaces; Black feminist theory
A FIELD RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND SATISFACTION
Authors: Kurter Osman
Published: July 2024

This research was conducted to examine the phenomenon of job satisfaction in the context of job stress and was carried out with 319 academicians working at a state university in the Western Black Sea region of Turkiye. In the research, the "Job Satisfaction" Scale was used to examine the job satisfaction of academicians, and the "A Job Stress Scale-20" was used to examine their job stress. The data obtained from the research revealed that female academicians' job stress was higher, and their job satisfaction was lower than the men who were examined for the research and that academic staff aged 30 and under had higher job stress and lower job satisfaction than the older employees.
The Application of Word Formation in Students’ Essay Writing: Morphology
Authors: Jelimun Maria Olga
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the most prevalent word formations used by students when writing essays. This study utilized a descriptive qualitative method. Five second-year English department students enrolled in an Academic Writing class at UNIKA St. Paulus Ruteng participated in this study. The information was gathered from the exposition composing task. To analyze the data, the researchers used Miles and Huberman’s model, following several stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. According to the findings, the students used 128 processes that fall under five different kinds of word-formations. Affixation, acronyms, blending, compounding, and clipping are all possible subcategories. The understudies applied less mixing and cutting word-arrangement processes. The application of the word-formation procedure also encountered some difficulties. It was unclear to some students how to form blending and clipping. It is hoped that this study will make a significant contribution to our understanding of word formation. Teaching and learning word-based lexical studies in general and word-formations in particular will benefit from the findings of this study.
Enhancing Critical Thinking through AI-Assisted Collaborative Task-Based Learning: A Case Study of Prospective Teachers in Japan
Authors: Sako Takayoshi
Published: July 2024

This study explores the potential of integrating generative AI into collaborative task-based language learning to foster critical thinking (CT) skills in computer-assisted learning environments. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research examines the experiences of 18 pre-service teachers engaging in AI-assisted collaborative activities. Quantitative analysis of the Critical Thinking Disposition Scale and qualitative analysis using the modified grounded theory approach (M-GTA) reveal that AI tools can alleviate collaboration challenges by bridging perceptual gaps, clarifying objectives, and promoting deeper understanding. The findings suggest that AI-assisted collaborative learning enhances students’ intellectual autonomy, creativity, and digital literacy skills. However, the effectiveness of AI tools in fostering collaboration depends on their proper application, the supportive role of educators, and the careful design of evaluation criteria. The study emphasizes the importance of balancing the use of AI tools with authentic language production and highlights the crucial role of educators in moderating discussions and providing guidance where AI tools may have limitations. While the findings offer valuable insights, the study acknowledges its limitations and recommends future research to explore the impact of AI-assisted collaborative learning on CT with larger and more diverse samples.
Measurement-induced phase transition in teleportation and wormholes
Authors: Milekhin Alexey , Popov Fedor K.
Published: July 2024

We demonstrate that some quantum teleportation protocols exhibit measurement induced phase transitions in Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. Namely, Kitaev-Yoshida and Gao-Jafferis-Wall protocols have a phase transition if we apply them at a large projection rate or at a large coupling rate respectively. It is well-known that at small rates they allow teleportation to happen only within a small time-window. We show that at large rates, the system goes into a new steady state, where the teleportation can be performed at any moment. In dual Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity these phase transitions correspond to the formation of an eternal traversable wormhole. In the Kitaev-Yoshida case this novel type of wormhole is supported by continuous projections.
Functionality of water supply handpumps in Cameroon (Central Africa)
Authors: Dang Mvongo Victor , Defo Célestin
Published: July 2024

This review presents updated and expanded handpump functionality estimates for 310 councils in the 10 regions of Cameroon. The methodological approach used in this study was based on online searches using the database of Participatory Development Assistance Software (Pro-ADP). Overall, the study estimates that the number of handpumps used as the main source of drinking water supply in Cameroon is 20,572. Our findings suggest that about one in three handpumps in Cameroon is nonfunctional, which in 2022 was roughly equivalent to 6,724 inoperative water points. According to this estimate, it is about 44.8 billion CFA francs, or 66.8 million USD, was invested in the construction of water points that are immobilized and do not generate any benefit. The review has found that the community-based management of handpump water supply seems not to have given the expected results. Further, there are questions in relation to the quality of handpump material and the corrosion of handpumps which have not been sufficiently taken into account in the various research projects in Cameroon and Sub-Saharan Africa. Finally, the implementation of post-construction monitoring, physical audits, and handpump rehabilitation campaigns could shed light on these issues in order to improve the performance of handpumps.
Morpho-hydrodynamic processes impacted by the 2022-extreme La Niña event and high river discharge conditions in the southern coastal area of West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmat Amanulloh Fahmi , Romdani Andhy
Published: July 2024

The significance of sediment-laden river discharges is strongly related to climate change and rainfall intensity, resulting in severe erosion of the catchment areas and riverbanks. The combination of tides and waves considerably influence the sediment transport and distribution patterns of an estuary, inducing the sedimentary processes of the coastal area. This study aims to analyze the impacts of the La Niña event in 2022 and high river discharges in the Bojong Salawe Beach, Pangandaran. This area has a large estuary with several tributaries, with a high potential for erosion and sedimentation. Furthermore, its location directly faces the Indian Ocean, posing the risk of wind-induced high waves. The methods used in this research are descriptive analysis (using dataset ERA-5 taken from the Copernicus Climate Change Service) and numerical models (using Mike21) with an identification of erosion and accretion processes. The results show that the boreal autumn 2022 significantly impacted the study area, compared to the boreal winter 2022. Higher precipitation levels during boreal autumn substantially increased the river discharges, transferring the total load of sediment of about 1.48 × 10−3 m3/s/m. Moreover, shoreline change analysis using digital shoreline analysis system confirmed that Bojong Salawe Beach was indicated to experience high erosion, particularly around the mouth of the estuary.
Long-term hydro-morphological changes in rivers: a case study
Authors: Azim Noran Mohamed Abdel
Published: July 2024

Over time, river hydro-morphological changes cause net aggradation or degradation in bed cross-sections. The presence of sediments in the flowing water as suspended or bed loads, as well as modifications to flow characteristics like velocity and discharge, are the main causes of these alterations. This study examined long-term hydro-morphological changes over 21 years (1982–2003) in the third Egyptian Nile River reach using bathymetric and hydrological data together with numerical simulation. The aims were to track the hydro-morphological changes, including aggradation and degradation, check the ability of HEC-RAS to determine the water surface profile, and check sections of different zones for navigation. It was found that most of the reach under study suffered degradation in the 21–year study period, with net volumes ranging between 8 and 779 m3/m; the water surface profile calculated using HEC-RAS matched well with the measured one, the zone located between km 526 and km 534 changed from safe to unsafe for navigation, and the zone located between km 397 and km 385 changed from unsafe to safe for navigation.
A deep learning approach to water point detection and mapping using street-level imagery
Authors: Patel Neil
Published: July 2024

Households in developing countries often rely on alternative shared water sources that exist outside of the datasets of public service providers. This poses a significant challenge to accurately measuring the number of households outside the public service system that use a safe and accessible water source. The article proposed a novel deep learning approach that utilizes a convolutional neural network to detect and geo-reference communal water points using Google Street View imagery. Using a case study of the Agege local government area in Lagos, Nigeria, the model processed 39 kilometres of street network in 26 minutes, successfully detecting 36 previously unregistered water points with 94.7% precision and US$0 out-of-pocket expenses. In doing so, it presents a highly precise, low-cost, and scalable solution to closing geospatial data gaps on WASH access in developing countries.
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans MRI: A Preliminary Comparison of Different Sequences
Authors: Xu Kangjie , Li Ziyuan , Li Wei , Qiu Jianxing , Li Hang , Li Yurong , Peng Rui
Published: July 2024

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to compare the image quality of different MRI sequences regarding the presentation of Dermatofibrosarcoma
Protuberans (DFSP).

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively collected MRI images of 40 patients who had been pathologically diagnosed with DFSP, including 21 primary tumors and 19
recurrent tumors. The image quality of different MRI sequences was assessed subjectively by two radiologists, taking into account the display of
the lesions, artifacts, and distortions, as well as the overall impact of the image quality

Results:

Among the 40 cases, 22 cases involved the trunk, 14 cases involved the shoulders and limbs, 2 cases involved the head and neck, 1 case involved
the breast, and 1 case involved the groin. In terms of image quality, fat suppression T2-weighted images were superior to T1-weighted images and
T2-weighted images (P<0.05). The difference between fat suppression T2-weighted images and contrast-enhanced images was not significant
(P>0.05). As far as lesion contrast is concerned, diffusion-weighted images, fat suppression T2-weighted images, and contrast-enhanced images
did not differ significantly (P>0.05). On the DWI images, there were severe magnetic artifacts and deformations.

Conclusions:

Fat suppression T2-weighted images and enhanced sequences produce the highest quality images, while diffusion-weighted images provide the
best lesion contrast.
The Effect of Dapagliflozin on Heart Function in Animal Models of Cardiac Ischemia, A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kianfar Tina , Hasan Raquibul , Azizi Yaser , Ramezani Fatemeh
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the therapeutic
effect of Dapagliflozin (DAPA) on animals suffering from myocardial ischemia reperfusion compared
to the group that did not receive treatment.

Methods:

According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria two researchers performed the primary
and secondary screening based on the title abstract and full text. After data extraction, meta-analysis
was performed using STATA software. Standardized mean differences were used to analyze the results
of the reported studies. Subgroup analysis and quality control of articles were also conducted.

Results:

A total of 21 separate experiments showed that DAPA increased mean fractional shortening
(%FS) and ejection fraction (%EF) compared to the untreated animals. A significant reduction
in the weight and size of the infarcted area and significant increases in dp/dt+, dp/dt-, left ventricular
end-systolic internal dimensions (LVIDs), left ventricular end-diastolic internal dimensions
(LVIDd), Volume systole and Volume diastole were observed in treated animals.

Conclusion:

DAPA has the potential to become a candidate for the treatment of post-ischemic heart
damage, pending animal and human studies to validate this.
Analisis Sosial Media Monitoring TikTok Terhadap Event Make Over ‘DREAMscape’ pada Bulan Maret 2024
Authors: Salsabila Putriani , Hafiar Hanny , Priyatna Centurion Chandratama
Published: July 2024

AbstrakSemakin berkembangnya zaman dan teknologi, brand-brand kecantikan dituntut untuk bisa terus berinovasi dan menciptakan kreatifitas baru. Menurut data Kemenko Perekonomian RI 2024, pada tahun 2023 industri kosmetik di Indonesia berkembang hingga  21,9%, yakni dari 913 perusahaan di 2022 menjadi 1.010 perusahaan. Bertumbuhnya brand kecantikan di Indonesia tentunya tidak hanya menambah persaingan namun juga menumbuhkan potensi brand untuk berkolaborasi. Experiential event bertajuk ‘DREAMscapes’, merupakan hasil kerja sama dari tiga brand kecantikan asal Indonesia, Make Over, Instaperfect dan Tavi dengan menggandeng Haluu World, experiential creator asal Indonesia. Hal ini mengundang beragam respon terutama di media sosial TikTok, sehingga diperlukan media monitoring sebagai upaya pemantauan brand. Menggunakan paradigma positivisme dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan alat pemantauan media Brand24 untuk melakukan pengumpulan data sentimen, penyebutan dan jangkauan di media sosial TikTok.Kata Kunci : Brand24, Media Monitoring, Make Over, TikTok Abstract            As time and technology advances, beauty brands are required to continue to innovate and create new creativity. According to 2024 data from the Coordinating Ministry for the Economy of the Republic of Indonesia, in 2023 the cosmetics industry in Indonesia will grow by 21.9%, namely from 913 companies in 2022 to 1,010 companies. The growth of beauty brands in Indonesia certainly not only increases competition but also increases the potential for brands to collaborate. The experiential event entitled 'DREAMscapes', is the result of collaboration between three beauty brands from Indonesia, Make Over, Instaperfect and Tavi in collaboration with Haluu World, an experiential creator from Indonesia. This invites various responses, especially on TikTok social media, so media monitoring is needed as a brand monitoring effort. Using a positivism paradigm with quantitative descriptive methods by utilizing the Brand24 media monitoring tool to collect sentiment, mention and reach data on TikTok social mediaKeywords: Brand24, Media Monitoring, Make Over, TikTok
Pengaruh Word of Mouth (WOM) melalui Brand Image dalam Pemilihan Kampus Vokasi UNY Gunungkidul
Authors: Aulia Anugerah Tesa , Satyawan Ign. Agung , Muhammad Albert
Published: July 2024

Abstrak             Pada tahun 2020, UNY membuka kampus vokasi baru di Gunungkidul. Sosialisasi memperkenalkan kampus UNY Gunungkidul dalam rangkaian penerimaan mahasiswa baru tidak dapat dilakukan secara tatap muka lantaran situasi pandemi Covid-19. Hal yang dilakukan untuk memperkenalkan Kampus UNY Gunungkidul yaitu secara online. Pembukaan kampus ini bertujuan untuk meratakan serta meningkatkan mutu pendidikan sekolah tinggi di DIY. Gunungkidul menjadi kabupaten dengan jumlah penduduk miskin terbanyak kedua di DIY. Kampus UNY Gunungkidul menggunalan media sosial sebagai media promosi. Hal ini juga dilakukan guna mendukung pembentukan brand image terhadap pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan pengukuran skala likert. Populasi pada penelitian sebanyak 502 mahasiswa. Dalam menghintung jumlah sampel menggunakan formulasi tabel Albert Harkin Colton diperoleh 90 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Sobel test. Hasil perhitungan Sobel Test menggunakan uji Z diketahui nilai Z = 4,012 1,96 atau Zhitung Ztabel maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan Word Of Mouth melalui brand image terhadap keputusan mahasiswa dalam pemilihan kampus vokasi UNY Gunungkidul.Kata Kunci: Word Of Mouth, Brand Image, UNY Gununkidul Abstract            In 2020, UNY opened a new vocational campus in Gunungkidul. Socialization regarding the introduction of the UNY Gunungkidul campus in the series of new student admissions cannot be carried out face-to-face due to the Covid-19 pandemic situation. What is being done to introduce the UNY Gunungkidul Campus is online. The opening of this campus aims to level and improve the quality of higher school education in DIY. Gunungkidul is the district with the second highest number of poor people in DIY. UNY Gunungkidul Campus uses social media as promotional media. This is also done to support the formation of a brand image for student decision making. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach using Likert scale measurements. The population in the study was 502 students. In calculating the sample size using the Albert Harkin Colton table formulation, 90 respondents were obtained. This research uses the Sobel test. The results of the Sobel Test calculation using the Z test show that the value of Z = 4.012 1.96 or Zcount Ztable means it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence of Word of Mouth through brand image on students' decisions in choosing the UNY Gunungkidul vocational campusKeyword: Word Of Mouth, Brand Image, UNY Gununkidul
Dinamika respons audiens digital di media sosial x terhadap kampanye diversitas & inklusivitas sebagai brand activism skin game
Authors: Lintang Kinanthi Agnes Jatayu , Akalili Awanis
Published: July 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini berupaya untuk menyingkap pemahaman mengenai respons audiens pengguna media sosial X terhadap diversity and inclusive brand activism yang dilakukan oleh Skin Game sebagai merek dagang bagi salah satu skincare di Indonesia. Berupa studi kasus yang dilakukan pada enam belas respons audiens, penelitian dikaji menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan dokumentasi, dan analisis didasarkan pada Brand Activism Theory yang di dalamnya terkandung Framework of Optimal Incongruence, didukung dengan konsep-konsep mengenai Karakteristik Aktivitas Audiens Digital. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Terdapat ragam respons audiens, mulai dari yang termasuk dalam zona satisfaction, delight, hingga outrage; (2) Audiens berinteraksi menggunakan fitur like, retweet, dan reply terhadap respons yang cenderung menerima dan memercayai nilai kampanye; (3) Skin Game memberikan tanggapan melalui fitur reply terhadap beragam jenis respons; (4) Beberapa aktivitas audiens digital yang terjadi antara lain keikutsertaan audiens non-komunitas skincare dan aktivisme sosial, pemanfaatan anonimitas, serta penghapusan pesan. Kata Kunci : Brand Activism, Brand Skin Game, Diversity Inclusive Marketing, Respons Audiens AbstractThis research seeks to reveal an understanding of the response of the audience of X social media users to the diversity and inclusive brand activism carried out by Skin Game, an Indonesian brand for skincare products. Conducted on sixteen audience responses, this research was studied using descriptive qualitative methods. Datas are collected through observation and documentation, analysed based on Brand Activism Theory which contains the Framework of Optimal Incongruence, supported by concepts regarding the Characteristics of Digital Audience Activities. The results show that: (1) There are various audience responses, ranging from those in the zone of satisfaction, delight, to outrage; (2) Audiences interact using the like, retweet and reply features for responses that tend to accept and believe the value of the campaign; (3) Game Skin provides responses via the reply feature to various types of responses; (4) Several digital audience activities that occurred included the participation of non-community skincare audiences and social activism, the abuse of anonymity, and the deletion of uploaded messages.Keywords : Audience Response, Brand Activism, Brand Skin Game, Diversity Inclusive Marketing
Peran Humas Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta dalam pelayanan pada Konsumen Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Kusuma Erza Wahyu , Ekawati Ratna
Published: July 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Memahami peran Humas Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Kota Yogyakarta saat melangsungkan pelayanan kepada konsumen, 2) Mengetahui hambatan atas penyelenggaraan peran Humas Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Kota Yogyakarta saat menjalankan pelayanan kepada konsumen, dan 3) Mengetahui upaya Humas Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Kota Yogyakarta dalam mengatasi hambatan pelayanan kepada konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari Petugas Humas, Koordinator Humas, dan Kepala Bagian Langganan. Teknik keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah teknik triangulasi sumber. Analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Peran Humas di PDAM Tirtamarta Kota Yogyakarta sebagai communicator, relationship, back up management, dan good image maker, 2) Hambatan Humas dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada konsumen seperti, laporan pengaduan pelanggan tidak diselesaikan pada hari itu juga karena melewati berbagai tahap dan melalui bagian terkait, 3) Upaya Humas dalam mengatasi hambatan adalah dengan melakukan evaluasi dan studi banding.Kata Kunci : Peran humas, Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Yogyakarta, Pelayanan Abstract            This research aims to: 1) Understand the role of Public Relations of Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Kota Yogyakarta when providing services to consumers, 2) Find out the obstacles to implementing the role of Public Relations of Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Kota Yogyakarta when providing services to consumers, and 3) Understand the efforts of Public Relations of Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Kota Yogyakarta in overcoming service barriers to consumers. This research uses qualitative descriptive research. The data collection method uses interviews and documentation methods. The research subjects consisted of Public Relations Officers, Public Relations Coordinators, and Head of Subscriptions. The data validity technique used is the source triangulation technique. Data analysis uses data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that: 1) The role of Public Relations at PDAM Tirtamarta Yogyakarta City as a communicator, relationship, back up management, and good image maker, 2) Public relations obstacles in providing services to consumers such as, customer complaint reports are not resolved on the same day because they pass through various stages and through related sections, 3) Public Relations efforts to overcome obstacles are by conducting evaluations and comparative studies.Keywords : The role of public relations, Perumda PDAM Tirtamarta Yogyakarta, Services
Public Response to Federal Electronic Cigarette Regulations Analyzed Using Social Media Data Through Natural Language Processing: Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Lin Shuo-Yu , Tulabandu Sahithi Kiran , Koch J Randy , Hayes Rashelle , Barnes Andrew , Purohit Hemant , Chen Songqing , Han Bo , Xue Hong
Published: July 2024

Background

e-Cigarette (electronic cigarette) use has been a public health issue in the United States. On June 23, 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued marketing denial orders (MDOs) to Juul Labs Inc for all their products currently marketed in the United States. However, one day later, on June 24, 2022, a federal appeals court granted a temporary reprieve to Juul Labs that allowed it to keep its e-cigarettes on the market. As the conversation around Juul continues to evolve, it is crucial to gain insights into the sentiments and opinions expressed by individuals on social media.

Objective

This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of tweets before and after the ban on Juul, aiming to shed light on public perceptions and sentiments surrounding this contentious topic and to better understand the life cycle of public health–related policy on social media.

Methods

Natural language processing (NLP) techniques were used, including state-of-the-art BERTopic topic modeling and sentiment analysis. A total of 6023 tweets and 22,288 replies or retweets were collected from Twitter (rebranded as X in 2023) between June 2022 and October 2022. The encoded topics were used in time-trend analysis to depict the boom-and-bust cycle. Content analyses of retweets were also performed to better understand public perceptions and sentiments about this contentious topic.

Results

The attention surrounding the FDA’s ban on Juul lasted no longer than a week on Twitter. Not only the news (ie, tweets with a YouTube link that directs to the news site) related to the announcement itself, but the surrounding discussions (eg, potential consequences of this ban or block and concerns toward kids or youth health) diminished shortly after June 23, 2022, the date when the ban was officially announced. Although a short rebound was observed on July 4, 2022, which was contributed by the suspension on the following day, discussions dried out in 2 days. Out of the top 50 most retweeted tweets, we observed that, except for neutral (23/45, 51%) sentiment that broadcasted the announcement, posters responded more negatively (19/45, 42%) to the FDA’s ban.

Conclusions

We observed a short life cycle for this news announcement, with a preponderance of negative sentiment toward the FDA’s ban on Juul. Policy makers could use tactics such as issuing ongoing updates and reminders about the ban, highlighting its impact on public health, and actively engaging with influential social media users who can help maintain the conversation.