bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performing Whiteness, Troubling Blackness: Afropolitanism and the Visual Politics of Black Bodies in YouTube Videos
Authors: Telep Suzie
Published: June 2021

This article explores the relation between linguistic and nonlinguistic signs in enregisterment processes (Agha 2007) through the analysis of multimodal images of racial otherness in YouTube videos. It aims to show the role of images in indexing social meaning and performing hegemonic Whiteness among metropolitan Cameroonian-French elites living in Paris, through the use of a specific semiotic register indexing an “Afropolitan” persona – an elite, socially mobile and transnational type of Blackness. By focusing on the poiesis of “image-texts” (Nakassis 2019), this article will contribute to understanding the “total semiotic fact” of racial and social differentiation. It will also demonstrate that these images constitute a counter-discourse and are political acts that negotiate agency and contest power relations.
Solution of universal nonrelativistic nuclear DFT equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. (IX) HFODD (v3.06h): a new version of the program
Authors: Dobaczewski J , Bączyk P , Becker P , Bender M , Bennaceur K , Bonnard J , Gao Y , Idini A , Konieczka M , Kortelainen M , Próchniak L , Romero A M , Satuła W , Shi Y , Werner T R , Yu L F
Published: June 2021

We describe the new version (v3.06h) of the code HFODD that solves the universal nonrelativistic nuclear DFT Hartree–Fock or Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov problem by using the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. In the new version, we implemented the following new features: (i) zero-range three- and four-body central terms, (ii) zero-range three-body gradient terms, (iii) zero-range tensor terms, (iv) zero-range isospin-breaking terms, (v) finite-range higher-order regularized terms, (vi) finite-range separable terms, (vii) zero-range two-body pairing terms, (viii) multi-quasiparticle blocking, (ix) Pfaffian overlaps, (x) particle-number and parity symmetry restoration, (xi) axialization, (xii) Wigner functions, (xiii) choice of the harmonic-oscillator basis, (xiv) fixed omega partitions, (xv) consistency formula between energy and fields, and we corrected several errors in the previous versions.
A system-level calibration method including temperature-related error coefficients for a strapdown inertial navigation system
Authors: Wang Zichao , Xie Yuanping , Yu Xudong , Fan Huiying , Wei Guo , Wang Lin , Fan Zhenfang , Wang Guochen , Luo Hui
Published: June 2021

The calibration of error coefficients for accelerometers and laser gyros is an effective way to improve the navigation precision of strapdown inertial navigation systems. The calibration parameters often change with temperature. This paper proposes a system-level calibration method including temperature-related error coefficients. The method includes an improved 18-step calibration scheme with temperature being changed by using a thermal chamber. A 42-dimensional Kalman filter is applied to estimate the error parameters including the bias, scale factor errors, installation errors and temperature-related error coefficients of accelerometers. This method has the great advantage of simplifying the calibration procedure and is widely applicable to all temperature-related error coefficients. Compared with the traditional calibration method at different temperature points, the calibration time of the proposed method is shortened by 24 h. The feasibility of this method is verified by simulations and navigation experiments. The results of navigation experiments show that the maximum positioning errors in pure inertial navigation decrease by approximately 30% after temperature compensation.
Magneto-transport properties of thin flakes of Weyl semiconductor tellurium*
Authors: Zhang Nan , Cheng Bin , Li Hui , Li Lin , Zeng Chang-Gan
Published: June 2021

As an elemental semiconductor, tellurium has recently attracted intense interest due to its non-trivial band topology, and the resulted intriguing topological transport phenomena. In this study we report systematic electronic transport studies on tellurium flakes grown via a simple vapor deposition process. The sample is self-hole-doped, and exhibits typical weak localization behavior at low temperatures. Substantial negative longitudinal magnetoresistance under parallel magnetic field is observed over a wide temperature region, which is considered to share the same origin with that in tellurium bulk crystals, i.e., the Weyl points near the top of valence band. However, with lowering temperature the longitudinal magnetoconductivity experiences a transition from parabolic to linear field dependency, differing distinctly from the bulk counterparts. Further analysis reveals that such a modulation of Weyl behaviors in this low-dimensional tellurium structure can be attributed to the enhanced inter-valley scattering at low temperatures. Our results further extend Weyl physics into a low-dimensional semiconductor system, which may find its potential application in designing topological semiconductor devices.
Synthesis and study the influence of yttrium doping on band structure, optical, non-linear optical and dielectric results for Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) single crystals grown using traveling-solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method
Authors: Moez A. Abdel , Ali Ahmed I. , Tayel A.
Published: June 2021

Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) and Y0.02Ca11.98Al14O33 (Y-C12A7) single crystals were grown by using the traveling-solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method. The temperature was increased to avoid the bubbles and cracks which may be formed during the preparation of the ingot material. We have started with the flux higher than the normal to avoid the bubbles and make good treatment for the solid-liquid interface. The structures of both Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) and Y0.02Ca11.98Al14O33 (Y-C12A7) were studied by using x-ray diffraction (XRD). Optical properties for C12A7 and Y-C12A7 single crystals have been studied in order to determine the optical parameters such as optical energy gap (E
g), refractive index n, oscillating energy (E
o), dispersion energy (E
d), volume energy loss function (VELF), and surface energy loss function (SELF). Finally, a new result for these samples is that the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ
(3)) was determined. The results have been discussed with effect of Y-doping on the C12A7 single crystals for optical and industrial applications.
CeAu2In4: A candidate of quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice*
Authors: Lyu Meng , Zhao Hengcan , Zhang Jiahao , Wang Zhen , Zhang Shuai , Sun Peijie
Published: June 2021

Needle-like single crystals of CeAu2In4 have been grown from In flux and characterized as a new candidate of quasi-one-dimensional Kondo lattice compound by crystallographic, magnetic, transport, and specific-heat measurements down to very low temperatures. We observe an antiferromagnetic transition at T
N ≈ 0.9 K, a highly non-mean-field profile of the corresponding peak in specific heat, and a large Sommerfeld coefficient γ = 369 mJ⋅mol−1⋅K−2. The Kondo temperature T
K is estimated to be 1.1 K, being low and comparable to T
N. While Fermi liquid behavior is observed deep into the magnetically ordered phase, the Kadowaki–Woods ratio is much reduced relative to the expected value for Ce compounds with Kramers doublet ground state. Markedly, this feature shares striking similarities to that of the prototypical quasi-one-dimensional compounds YbNi4P2 and CeRh6Ge4 with tunable ferromagnetic quantum critical point. Given the shortest Ce–Ce distance along the needle direction, CeAu2In4 appears to be an interesting model system for exploring antiferromagnetic quantum critical behaviors in a quasi-one-dimensional Kondo lattice with enhanced quantum fluctuations.
High sensitivity plasmonic temperature sensor based on a side-polished photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Gao Zhigang , Jing Xili , Liu Yundong , Chen Hailiang , Li Shuguang
Published: June 2021

A high sensitivity plasmonic temperature sensor based on a side-polished photonic crystal fiber is proposed in this work. In order to achieve high sensitivity and high stability, the gold layer is coated on the side-polished photonic crystal fiber to support surface plasmon resonance. The mixture of ethanol and chloroform is used as the thermosensitive liquid. The performances of the proposed temperature sensor were investigated by the finite element method (FEM). Simulation results indicate that the sensitivity of the temperature sensor is as high as 7.82 nm/°C. It has good linearity (R
2 = 0.99803), the resolution of 1.1 × 10−3 °C, and the amplitude sensitivity of 0.1008 °C−1. In addition, the sizes of the small air hole and polishing depth have little influence on the sensitivity. Therefore, the proposed sensor shows a high structure tolerance. The excellent performance and high structure tolerance of the sensor make it an appropriate choice for temperature measurement.
Microstructure evolution of T91 steel after heavy ion irradiation at 550 °C*
Authors: Song Ligang , Huang Bo , Li Jianghua , Ma Xianfeng , Li Yang , Fang Zehua , Liu Min , Jiang Jishen , Hu Yanying
Published: June 2021

Fe-Cr ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steels have been proposed as one of the candidate materials for the Generation IV nuclear technologies. In this study, a widely-used ferritic/martensitic steel, T91 steel, was irradiated by 196-MeV Kr+ ions at 550 °C. To reveal the irradiation mechanism, the microstructure evolution of irradiated T91 steel was studied in details by transmission electron microscope (TEM). With increasing dose, the defects gradually changed from black dots to dislocation loops, and further to form dislocation walls near grain boundaries due to the production of a large number of dislocations. When many dislocation loops of primary a
0/2〈 111 〉 type with high migration interacted with other defects or carbon atoms, it led to the production of dislocation segments and other dislocation loops of a
0 〈 100 〉 type. Lots of defects accumulated near grain boundaries in the irradiated area, especially in the high-dose area. The grain boundaries of martensite laths acted as important sinks of irradiation defects in T91. Elevated temperature facilitated the migration of defects, leading to the accumulation of defects near the grain boundaries of martensite laths.
Analytical calculation of lightning strike probability for floating roof tanks
Authors: Adekitan Aderibigbe Israel , Rock Michael
Published: June 2021

Fire hazard studies have shown that lightning is a major threat to petroleum storage facilities, especially floating roof tanks (FRT) due to the risk of lightning-induced fires which may ultimately result in tank boil over, and an increased risk of the fire spreading to adjoining facilities. Lightning is a natural occurrence with scientific attributes that have been studied for decades towards mitigating lightning-related hazards. The probability of a direct lightning strike to various points on a FRT can be estimated by applying the dynamic electro-geometrical model (DEGM) using numerical techniques, and this provides information on the high-risk lightning-strike points on the FRT. This numerical approach involves surface discretization resulting in millions of meshed points in some cases, both on the structure and the surrounding space. This requires a lot of computer resources, and the simulation is slow to compute. In this study, simple and easy to compute equations were developed and hereby proposed as alternatives to numerical DEGM by applying analytical equations directly from first principles. The result confirms the susceptibility of the shell’s rim region to direct lightning strikes with 90.61% probability of a direct strike for a 20 m high tank and 88.58% for a 15 m high tank with 60 m in diameter. The results show close approximations to the numerical model and also reveals the effects of the discretization size on the accuracy of the numerical approach, while also reducing the computation time from several hours to a few minutes.
Review of Edge-based Image Segmentation on Electrical Tree Classification in Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) Insulation
Authors: Isa M A M , Rohani M N K H , Ismail B , Rosmi A S , Isa M , Mustafa W A , Kamarol M , Mansor N S , Nazar N S M
Published: June 2021

Electrical trees are the degradation events most linked with partial discharge (PD) activity in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation of high voltage (HV) cables. To investigate tree structures and forms, study of electrical tree structures for morphological analysis often carried out using optical microscopy. However, since the noise induced by the occlusion and illumination, as well as by non-uniform intensity either from optical device’s setting or the non-standard readout procedure, causes the deterioration of the original microscopy images, resulting in critically loses of information pertaining the tree structures making it difficult to obtained accurate measurement. Image segmentation is one of the potential solutions as it is well-suited for extracting information or certain features from microscopy images. This paper provides review of several segmentation techniques applied on the classification of electrical tree image acquired through lab environment. The works can be separated into three stages. The first step includes the preparation of samples and collection of treeing images by means of real-time microscopy observations. The captured data would then be pre-processed to achieve image binarization. In the next step, image segmentation process is conducted using existing edge-based segmentation methods including Prewitt, Roberts, Canny and Kirsch’s templates. Later, comparative analysis will be performed using IQA (image quality assessment) metrics of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, false-positive-rate and the Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) as the final step. Performance-wise indicates that Kirsch’s template able to segment most of the treeing pixels with accuracy of 97.63%, 63% sensitivity, 98.18% specificity and 0.46 MCC while showing low pixels misclassification. This result provides better justification for the integration of the edge-based technique in developing image segmentation algorithm well-matched for the electrical tree analysis in the future.
Investigation of Spherical Electrode Grounding System Under High Impulse Conditions with Different Polarities
Authors: Hamid HA , Adzman MR , Hanafi NH , Nor NM , Abdullah S , Reffin MS , Etobi NA , Abd-Rahman R
Published: June 2021

There have been many studies in the pasts, which showed that under high impulse conditions, soil ionization process around the electrode would occur, which results in lower resistance and lower transient voltage on the electrode. Several factors have also been found to affect the ionization process in soil such as; soil types and its grain sizes, moisture contents in the soil, earth electrode configurations, impulse polarity, the location of the injection point, the shape of response time, etc. In this paper, spherical electrodes grounding is used to study the ionization process in the grounding system under different impulse polarity of the current. The experiment was done by field measurement using a commercially available impulse current generator. It was found that lower earth resistance was seen to decrease with increasing current magnitudes for both impulse polarities. In addition, it was found that at low impulse current with negative polarity has a higher resistance than that of positive polarity. This paper is, therefore, to investigate towards improvement on grounding electrode’s design, which would consider soil ionization process
Characterization of Hardening Duffing Oscillator based on a Tensioned Wire System
Authors: Rahim M A , Azalan M S Z , Arib M N
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the characterization of mechanical system that behaves as a hardening Duffing oscillator is presented. This mechanical system comprises a mass attached to a tensioned wire which exhibits a hardening stiffness behavior when the displacement of the mass is large. Firstly, the equation of motion of the system is derived to provide the relationship between the applied static force and the resulting displacement. Then, the effect of initial tension, and number of the wires on the force-displacement relationship are analyzed. It has been found that a higher tension will produce higher linear stiffness, whilst having a negligible effect on cubic stiffness. Moreover, the nonlinearity is less sensitive for small inequality between the length of wire on the left and right side of the mass. The results presented herein provide an insight of the system behavior for its application as a vibration isolator.
Feature Extraction based on Empirical Mode Decomposition for Shapes Recognition of Buried Objects by Ground Penetrating Radar
Authors: Ali Hasimah , Azalan Mohd Shuhanaz Zanar , Zaidi Ahmad Firdaus Ahmad , Amran Tengku Sarah Tengku , Ahmad Mohamad Ridzuan , Elshaikh Mohamed
Published: June 2021

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is one of the promising non-destructive imaging tools investigations for shallow subsurface exploration such as locating and mapping the buried utilities. In practical applications, GPR images could be noisy due to the system noise, the heterogeneity of the medium, and mutual wave interactions thus, it is a complex task to recognizing the hyperbolic signature of buried objects from GPR images. Therefore, this paper aims to develop nonlinear feature extraction technique of using Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) in recognizing the four geometrical shapes (cubic, cylindrical, disc and spherical) from GPR images. A pre-processing step of isolating hyperbolic signature from different background was first employed by mean of Region of Interest (ROI). The hyperbolic signature that describes the shapes was extracted using EMD decomposition to obtain a set of significant features. In this framework, the hyperbolic pattern was decomposed of using EMD, to produce a small set of intrinsic mode functions (IMF) via sifting process. The IMF properties of the signature that exhibit the unique pattern was used as potential features to differentiate the geometrical shapes of buried objects. The extracted IMF features were then fed into machine learning classifier namely Support Vector Machines. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a set data collection of GPR-images has been acquired. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of using IMF features was achieved 99.12% accuracy in recognizing the shapes of buried objects whose shows the promising result.
A Potential Controller for Smart Electrical Energy Management System
Authors: Ananda-Rao K. , Ismail M. A. , Rosmi A. S. , Leow W. Z. , Suboh S. M. , Fahmi M. I. , Abdullah A. M.
Published: June 2021

Integrated energy utilization has been recognized as a productive way towards better energy management, besides increasing Renewable Energy (RE) penetration. Thus, the combination of RE integrated with the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) has been recognized as the primary solution where it is necessary to have a controller to interface the system efficiently. Hence, a smart electrical energy management system controller is designed and developed based on load leveling and peak shaving applications for real-time AC power management in this work. The main function of the controller is to continuously monitor and maintain the load demand and to produce a leveled or shaved load profile that will be seen at the grid network by controlling the battery operation. The testing results concluded that the controller able to perform both the energy applications. Overall, a dual function controller based on energy applications to maintain consumer load demand usage more securely and reliably, so that the utility bill is reduced and the battery lifetime is prolonged simultaneously is achieved in this work.
Low Concentration Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluid : Dielectric properties, AC Breakdown Voltage and Kinematic Viscosity
Authors: Hussin Nuriziani , Subri Nurul Ashikin , Azizie Nurin Ainanie , Khalil Ahmad Nabil Mohd , Jamil Mohamad Kamarol Mohd , Abd-Rahman R. , Arshad Syahrun Nizam Md
Published: June 2021

The transformers oil acts as an insulation as well as cooling liquid of a transformer. It is very important that the transformer oil is maintained so that the oil properties are preserved with time. Petroleum-based mineral oil is widely used as insulation oil in transformer due to its excellent insulating qualities and low cost despite its’ non-biodegradable and hazardous property. This paper seeks to find an alternative of mineral oil by using palm oil based nanofluids at lower concentration values that match the IEC standards for ester oil. The nanoparticles used in this project are zinc oxide (ZnO) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). ZnO has conductive nature while ZrO2 on the other hand shows insulative behavior. Three different concentration value were used which were 0.0015 g/L, 0.0025 g/L and 0.005 g/L which had never been reported before. Tests performed on the samples includes AC breakdown, dielectric properties and kinematic viscosity. Research outcome shows an outstanding result at optimum value in improving the measured properties at these low nanofluid concentrations. Reducing the amount of nanoparticles use also means saving cost and providing a more eco-friendly solution.
Effective and Low-Cost Arduino based Dual-Axis Solar Tracker
Authors: Ahmad S , Razali A.N , Misrun M.I
Published: June 2021

This paper presents research on dual-axis solar tracker utilizing solar irradiance most efficiently. The high cost is the main challenge in effectively harnessing solar technology due to the higher cost of materials and equipment for the system since the solar tracking device need more equipment to manage the control system. The objective of this research is to design a dual-axis solar tracker using Arduino as the main component in the control system. In order to maximize the effectiveness of this work, the structure of the tracker is designed to accommodate the solar panels with minimal power consumption and cost. This research is focused on improving the full collection of output power from the solar panel using a tracking system. The experiment shows the performance comparison between the dual-axis solar tracker and a fixed tilted solar panel.
Lightning Strikes Mitigation Plan on Transmission Line Tower at Kedah Paddy Field
Authors: Othman N A , Halim H A , Wooi C L , Amirruddin M , Mukhtar N M
Published: June 2021

This paper presents a mitigation plan for lightning strikes towards the transmission line tower at Kedah paddy field area. The ATP Draw software produces a schematic diagram of an incoming main intake sub-station and a transmission tower struck by lightning. Simulation on multiple soil resistance values and multiple soil conditions are then plot into graphs. A static eliminator reduces the electrostatic force between negatively charged thunder clouds with a positively charged steel transmission tower. It shows that a static eliminator makes the transmission line act invisibly in the lightning pathway. This protection level avoids surge current from transmitting in the transmission line reduces the possibility to damage surge arrestor.
Induction Heating as Cleaner Alternative Approach in Food Processing Industry
Authors: Razak A. Rahim A. , Ibrahim Norlia Mohamad , Rahman A.S.F. , Fayzul M. , Azizan MM , Hashim U , Basir Imirus
Published: June 2021

Food processing of fucuk making from soy milk from conventional method is evaluated as the case study. The cost, time, fuel supply security and environmental issue anticipated within the process had called for a new approach innovation. Electromagnetic induction heating has been distinguished between other technologies for the purpose. The design, test, analysis and field test of the proposed system has been presented in this report. The installed system seems to outfit and satisfy the industry requirements and can be expanded to other food processing field as well. The advantage and limitation are also discussed within the report.
Exploring Standalone Electrodermography for Multiclass VR Emotion Prediction using KNN
Authors: Bulagang A F , Mountstephens J , Teo J
Published: June 2021

The use of Electrodermography (EDG) in emotion classification is emerging in recent studies, however, it is still limited when compared to the use of other physiological signals such as Electroencephalography (EEG) and Electrocardiography (ECG). Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) or EDG can be used in studies relating to the psychophysiological of emotion. This paper presents the result of an experiment conducted using EDG as the main signal for emotion classification with the use of K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) as the classifier. In the experiment, the EDG data is acquired from 10 subjects while Virtual Reality (VR) headset is used to view 360 degrees video. Python is used as the programming language for the emotion classification with KNN as the classifier to classify intra-subject (individual) and inter-subject (overall) data. The main objective of this paper is to present the result of the experiment when using KNN as the classifier rather than using Support Vector Machine (SVM) which is synonymous with machine learning. The data were then classified into four classes of distinct emotion, inter-subject achieved an accuracy of 54%, while intra-subject classifications, two subjects achieved an accuracy of 96.9%. This result shows that KNN can provide good accuracy for emotion classification using machine learning as an alternative to SVM.
Flexible Antenna: A Review of Design, Materials, Fabrication, and Applications
Authors: AL-Haddad M A S M , Jamel Nursabirah , Nordin Anis Nurashikin
Published: June 2021

The Flexible antenna is experiencing major growth recently because of the demand for wearable devices, military applications, health monitoring systems, communication devices, and global positioning systems (GPS). The choice of the flexible antenna relies on many factors such as materials used, substrate, antenna performance, processing technique, and the surrounding environment. Numerous antenna designs had been investigated by the researchers using conductive materials such as silver. Substrates such as cotton and elastomeric polymers with different fabrication techniques such as screen printing and inkjet printing had been implemented for various applications. This paper focuses on the previous work of flexible antenna design and miniaturization techniques such as electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) for button antenna. A summary of previous works on the flexible antenna is also highlighted.
Time Series Analysis for Vegetable Price Forecasting in E-Commerce Platform: A Review
Authors: Choong K Y , Raof R A A , Sudin S , Ong R J
Published: June 2021

Vegetables industry plays an important role especially in providing the abundant fresh agricultural products. Forecasting the vegetable price is vital in agriculture sector for effective decision making. In Malaysia, the problems faced by the farmers are not only their age, but also their competitive skill where the wholesale market and the hypermarket/supermarket are prioritized by the consumers in Malaysia for the fresh vegetables and fruits. This review article helps to recognize the current problems faced by the agricultural sector of Malaysia and study the relationship between the agriculture and E-Commerce. Recent researchers have mentioned the growth of the E-Agribusiness and the authors found the potential of an Agricultural E-Commerce platform with price forecasting model in solving the current national issue. This research reviews the existing agricultural E-Commerce platforms in worldwide and try to compare with the local one. After the reviews have been done, the authors bring up an idea in constructing the time analysis model in hybrid approach for veggies price forecasting in an agricultural E-Commerce platform which can be used by the government in deriving their policies.
High-resolution for IAXO: MMC-based X-ray detectors
Authors: Unger D. , Abeln A. , Enss C. , Fleischmann A. , Hengstler D. , Kempf S. , Gastaldo L.
Published: June 2021

Axion helioscopes like the planned International Axion
Observatory (IAXO) search for evidence of axions and axion-like
particles (ALPs) from the Sun. A strong magnetic field is used to
convert ALPs into photons via the generic ALP-photon coupling. To
observe the resulting photons, X-ray detectors with low background
and high efficiency are necessary. In addition, good energy
resolution and low energy threshold would allow for investigating
the ALP properties by studying the X-ray spectrum after its
discovery. We propose to use low temperature metallic magnetic
calorimeters (MMCs). Here we present the first detector system based
on MMCs developed for IAXO and discuss the results of the
characterization. The detector consists of a two-dimensional
64-pixel array covering an active area of
16mm2 with a fill factor of
93%. We achieve an average energy resolution of
6.1 eV FWHM allowing for energy thresholds below
100 eV. This detector is the first step towards a
larger 1 cm2 array matching the IAXO X-ray
optics. We determine the background rate for an unshielded detector
system in the energy range between 1 keV and
10 keV to be
3.2(1) × 10-4 keV-1 cm-2 s-1
from events acquired over 30 days. In the future, active and
passive shields will significantly reduce the background induced by
cosmic muons and natural radioactivity. Our results demonstrate that
MMCs are a promising technology for helioscopes to discover and
study ALPs.
Picosecond timing resolution measurements of low gain avalanche detectors with a 120 GeV proton beam for the TOPSiDE detector concept
Authors: Jadhav M. , Armstrong W. , Cloet I. , Joosten S. , Mazza S.M. , Metcalfe J. , Meziani Z.-E. , Sadrozinski H.F.-W. , Schumm B. , Seiden A.
Published: June 2021

This paper presents results that take a critical step toward
proving 10 ps timing resolution's feasibility for particle
identification in the TOPSiDE detector concept for the Electron-Ion
Collider. Measurements of LGADs with a thickness of 35 μm
and 50 μm are evaluated with a 120 GeV proton beam. The
performance of the gain and timing response is assessed, including
the dependence on the reverse bias voltage and operating
temperature. The best timing resolution of UFSDs in a test beam to
date is achieved using three combined planes of 35 μm thick
LGADs at -30°C with a precision of 14.3 ± 1.5 ps.
Egypt’s water budget deficit and suggested mitigation policies for the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam filling scenarios
Authors: Heggy Essam , Sharkawy Zane , Abotalib Abotalib Z
Published: June 2021

The Nile River is a unique environmental system and essential water resource for its basin riparian nations. Population growth, changes in precipitation patterns, damming and usage rights disputes present extreme challenges in utilizing and managing the basin’s primary water resource. These stress factors are of particular concern for highly populated Egypt, the furthest downstream recipient of the Nile’s water flow. Previously, colonial agreements had granted Egypt and Sudan the majority of water use rights on the Nile without neighboring Ethiopia receiving any specific allocation. Today, Ethiopia plans to increase its energy production through its Nile-powered Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). While the 74-billion cubic meter (BCM) dam presents promising development opportunities for Ethiopia, the Nile’s altered flow will increase the existing water deficit for Egypt—the quantification and mitigation of which are still largely unconstrained and under intense debate. To address this deficiency, we estimate that the median total annual water budget deficit for Egypt during the filling period, considering seepage into the fractured rocks below and around the GERD reservoir, as well as the intrinsic water deficit and assuming no possible mitigation efforts by Egyptian authorities, will be ∼31 BCM yr−1, which would surpass one third of Egypt’s current total water budget. Additionally, we provide a feasibility index for the different proposed solutions to mitigate the above deficit and assess their economic impact on the GDP per capita. Our results suggest that the unmet annual deficit during the filling period can be partially addressed by adjusting the Aswan High Dam (AHD) operation, expanding groundwater extraction and by adopting new policies for cultivation of crops. If no prompt mitigation is performed, the short-term three-year filling scenario would generate a deficit that is equivalent to losses to the present cultivated area by up to 72% resulting in a total loss of the agricultural GDP by $51 billion during the above-mentioned filling period. Such figures are equivalent to a decrease in the total national GDP per capita by ∼8%, augmenting existing unemployment rates by 11%, potentially leading to severe socioeconomic instability.
Risk management of chilli supply chains using weighted failure mode effect analysis
Authors: Mailena L , Indrawanto C , Astuti E P
Published: June 2021

Chilli supply chain is very vulnerable to risk due to scattered production centre, large number of actors along supply chain. Hence, risk management of chilli supply chain is very crucial to be executed in order to reduce the losses received by farmers and traders. The study aims to (i) identify and assess supply chain risks, and (2) arrange efforts to manage risks in the chilli supply chain. Weighted Failure Mode Effect Analysis (WFMEA) enriched by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was implemented to evaluate high-risk priorities and to manage those risks. The results showed that risk in marketing chain got the highest priority to be controlled since the greatest potential failure occurred in this channel with the weighted Risk Priority Number about 647.3. Risk indicators in this channel were cashless payment, major harvesting, and price fluctuations. Strategies to manage those risks were the provision of storage warehouses, planting time arrangements, bailout funds for cash purchase, harvest and post-harvest technology and farm capital loan. Government supports was required for providing the small-scale storage, home scale ozonation technology to extent the chilli shelf life and improve the product quality as well as policies on accessible farmer’s credit with farming guarantee system.
Seawater intrusion prone areas around Yogyakarta International Airport: a geological approach
Authors: Zamroni A , Sugarbo O , Trisnaning P T , Prasetya H N E
Published: June 2021

Construction of Yogyakarta International Airport on Kulonprogo coastal areas can threaten the groundwater quality because it can cause seawater intrusion. The method in this study is by using a literature review. The purpose of this review is to investigate seawater intrusion prone areas around Yogyakarta International Airport based on a geological approach. The geological approach associated with seawater intrusion in the study site is a lithological characteristic. A lithological characteristic discussed in this study is the origin of the sand on Kulonprogo beach where the Yogyakarta International Airport is located. The elements used in the seawater intrusion test parameters are Na+, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, CO3
2−, HCO3
−, Cl− and SO4
2−. A rise in Cl− was reported as suggesting the intrusion of seawater into the groundwater. But if only see the value of one of those elements, it cannot indicate seawater intrusion occurs in that area. The high element’s contents can arrive from the solution or weathering the lithological. This study is preliminary research, to assess seawater intrusion in the study site, it is necessary to conduct a groundwater geochemical test in the future.
Marketing strategy of brown sugar from palm oil in Serdang Bedagai District
Authors: Simbolon S B , Supriana T , Lindawati
Published: June 2021

Palm sugar has the potential to become a substitute commodity for domestic sugar, besides being able to play a role in reducing dependence on imported sugar. Brown sugar from palm sap has considerable potential economic. This study aims to determine a) the farm analysis of palm brown sugar agribusiness, b) how the marketing system is c) identify the internal and external factors, and d) formulate and determine the priority of palm brown sugar agribusiness strategies in Serdang Bedagai district. The analysis applied here are, financial analysis, marketing analysis, IFAS/EFAS, SWOT and QSPM. From the results of data processing, it shows that the R / C Ratio value obtained by the craftsmen is 1.044 means that the business is feasible to work on. Aspect analysis marketing farmer’s share and marketing efficiency values in all sugar marketing channels palm brown sugar in is running efficiently. Based on a SWOT analysis, business position palm sugar processing is in quadrant I, S-O strategy that is supporting aggressive growth.
Potential of production in Elaeis guineensis Jacq. type resistance to Ganoderma pathogen
Authors: Hayati R , Basyuni M , Lisnawita  , Munir E
Published: June 2021

This study was established to report the yield production (fresh bunches) of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) material planting Resistance Plant (RP) and Non-Resistance Plant (NP) to Ganoderma on the experimental plantation. The data was observed to conduct in oil palm from zero (0) until twenty-five (25) planting years. In 5 years, firstly Ganoderma pathogen was recorded to start low yield production in both materials planting. The production was involved a highest in RP 581,163 FFB/ha and lowest in NP 385,158 FFB/ha. Furthermore, Ganoderma pathogen disease was incidence distinct at 19.95% and 86.42%, respectively. The differentiation analysis of total plants was 196,005 (58.89%). Wherein, a total plant survives of 110 Resistance Plants and 36 Non-Resistance Plants for 25 planting years. Descriptive analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel 2013 showed the Standard Deviation (SD) 7.35 in P-Value < 0.05 (95%).
Risk analysis of polyculture cultivations of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (case: Belawan Sicanang Village, Medan Belawan District, Medan City)
Authors: Ginting J B , Supriana T , Wibowo R P
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyse the level of income received by Belawan Sicanang sub-district farmers in cultivating tiger shrimp and tilapia polyculture and to analyse the risk of production, price risk, income risk and risk mitigation. The sampling method used was the snowball method. The sample size was 40 respondents. The results of the study found that the average income per hectare per tiger shrimp cultivation and tilapia cultivation was IDR 7,947,489,525. The coefficient of variation (CV) of income is 0.304; production of 0.38 for tiger shrimp and 0.44 for tilapia and the price of 0.11 for tiger shrimp and 0.04 for commodity tilapia. The polyculture culture of tiger shrimp and tilapia in the study area has a level of risk and is feasible to continue. To reduce the risk, risk mitigation is carried out, namely: ex ante by taking loss prevention measures, interactive by improving the cultivation system, ex-post by strengthening the joint group of fisheries in the research area.
Marketing efficiency of red chilli pepper in North Sumatera Province
Authors: Nasution A H , Hanter  , Rahman P
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyse the marketing of red chili pepper using price efficiency analysis. The data used is secondary data, namely time series data of monthly red chili pepper prices at the level of farmers, intermediate traders, wholesalers, retailers and consumers during 2015 to 2019. Data processing was carried out using quantitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of the price efficiency analysis conclude that in the short and long term the red chili pepper market at the farm level is strongly intermediate traders, wholesalers, retailers and consumers. This can be seen from the IMC value which is smaller than 1 and the coefficient b2 which is greater than 0.05. This integration shows the marketing of red chilies in North Sumatra is efficient when viewed from price efficiency.
Analysis of carrot production development in Karo Regency North Sumatera
Authors: Priyadi E , Supriana T , Wibowo R P
Published: June 2021

This research was conducted to predict the value of carrot production in Karo Regency North Sumatera in 2020-2021 by using Autoregression Moving Average model through some testing stages: 1). stationarity of carrot production data for 2017-2019. In this study, the data were declared stationary through a differentiation process (1

st

difference) with an Augmented Dicky-Fuller (ADF) value of < 0.05. 2). Furthermore, testing the model through the value of Autocorrelation Function (ACF) and Partial Correlation Function which decreased sharply (Cut Off) at the 2

nd

lag, so that the possible models compiled were AR1, AR2, MA1 and MA2. 3). It was decided to use the MA1 model, then it was obtained the results of carrot production in Karo Regency, North Sumatera 2020-2021 with a positive trend, which revealed the increasing of carrot production. The highest prediction occurred in December 2021, amounting to 8,580.67841 tons.
Risk perception and risk reduction efforts of red chili business in Langkat Regency North Sumatera Province
Authors: Iskandar R , Ayu S F
Published: June 2021

The process of supplying red chili is not fully controlled by the farmers. The main factor that causes it is that the red chili farmers are small-scale farmers whose production decision-making process is thought not handled by a good forecast of production and prices. This is due to the influence of different perceptions of farmers in deciding which farming strategy to use. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on the relationship of risk perceptions to risk management strategies for red chili farming in Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The data used are primary data sourced from questionnaires and interviews with 112 red chili farmers in Langkat Regency. The analysis method used is the Pearson Correlation to see the relationship between farm risk management strategies and perception. The results showed that the correlation of the risk perception variable and risk management strategy had a strong, significant and unidirectional effect on the red chili farming.
Factors affecting risk perceptions of young entrepreneurs in agricultural startup business
Authors: Ayu S F , Iskandarini  , Fatoni R B M I
Published: June 2021

Young entrepreneurs often experience failure in maintaining the startup businesses they build. This also happens to entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector. This causes them to be more aware of risks. This study aims to find out what types of risks actually makes them insecure and turns into a risk averse person which will hinder the development of their startup business. The risk perceptions discussed in this study include production risks, marketing risks, financial risks and human resource risks. The assessed production risks are related to the risks to production inputs, use of production technology, climate and pests and diseases. The risks associated with marketing are risks related to post-harvest processing, sales and market prices. The financial risks mentioned is related to the availability of credit and interest. The risks associated with human resources is a matter of labour availability as well as health. The method used is multiple linear regression to look for factors that influence the perceptions of young entrepreneurs towards risks.
Analysis of effect of production factors on the production and income of coffee farmers using Beauveria bassiana in Siborongborong Subdistrict
Authors: Siahaan T M H , Supriana T , Iskandarini
Published: June 2021

Arabica coffee is a type of coffee that is widely grown in the highlands of North Sumatra. Siborongborong District is the largest Arabica coffee producing. However, the productivity of Siborongborong is lower than the potential of sigararutang variety. This study aims to analyse the effect of fertilizer, Beauveria bassiana (Bb) and labour use on coffee production and to compare the income of coffee farmers who use Bb intensively, non - intensively and do not use Bb. The method used to analyse are the multiple linear regression and compare means analysis (Independent Sample Test). The results show that simultaneously, fertilizer, Bb, and labour have a significant effect on coffee production. Partially, only fertilizer and Bb have a significant and positive effect, meanwhile labour has no significant effect on the coffee production. There is a significant difference between the income of coffee farmers who use Bb intensively and those who use Bb not intensively and who do not use Bb. However, no significant differences between the income of coffee farmers who used non-intensive and those who did not use Bb. The income of farmers who use Bb intensively is higher than farmers who use Bb not intensively and who do not use Bb.
The utilization of palmitamide as palm oil-based plasticizer in SBR/carbon black composites: An observation on degree of carbon-black dispersion
Authors: Khosman H , Hafni K N , Surya I
Published: June 2021

Degree of carbon black (CB) dispersion in the composites of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/CB/palmitamide was observed. The palmitamide is a variety of amides ingredients. It was formed by the chemical reaction of urea and palmitic acid at a locked condition. The palmitic acid is derived from palm oil. The palmitamide was mixed with SBR/CB compounds with varied doses i.e., from two till eight phr, whilst the CB was mixed with the SBR at a settled dose (thirty phr). The impact of palmitamide doses on the degree of CB dispersion in the SBR/CB composites was observed. Based on the torque behaviours of the SBR/CB/palmitamide systems; the degree of CB dispersion was observed. The palmitamide behaved as curative ingredient and plasticizer for the SBR/CB systems. The palmitamide cut down the minimal torque but enlarged maximal torque and torque changes of the systems of SBR/CB. The bigger the palmitamide dose, the lower the minimal. As a plasticizer, the palmitamide cut down the minimal torque causing in better the degree of CB dispersion in SBR. The bigger the palmitamide dose, the better was the CB dispersion.
Application of mock hydrology model in estimating semi-monthly discharge in Sei Petani Sub-Watershed
Authors: Nasution D L S , Simanjuntak F V U , Susanto E , Ichwan N
Published: June 2021

One of indicators which represent watershed condition is hydrology condition that can be represented by the value of monthly discharge, maximum discharge, minimum discharge, and river regime coefficient. This study aims to estimate the monthly discharge value of Sei Petani Sub-Watershed using the Mock Hydrology Model. The application of the Mock Model require some input data such as rainfall, climate data, and area of watershed. Optimum parameters could be obtained by model calibration and validation that was carried out by statistical and graphical test. Optimal parameters that has been obtained would be used to estimate discharge value in existing condition. The result showed that the model accuration for calibration and validation process has the coefficient correlation (R) value more than 0.75, with volume error (VE) less than 0.05 that means there were strong relationship among calculated data and observed data. The optimum parameters value accomplished to estimating discharge value for existing condition. The watershed health based on hydrology indicators on Sei Petani Subwatershed could be seen with the value of specific maximum discharge, specific minimum discharge, and river regime coefficient that shown this watershed in well condition.