bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacoeconomical efficiency of singulair in children of preschool age having atopic diseases
Authors: Volkova N A , Beltyukov E K
Published: July 2021

The aim of study. To estimate pharmacoeconomical efficiency of the antagonist of the leykotriene receptors singulair in children of preschool age having atopic diseases. Materials and methods. Open randomized comparative study of pharmacoeconomical efficiency of a singulair in parallel groups of the children of preschool age having atopic diseases was conducted. Results. Including of singulair in therapy of preschool age children with atopic diseases reduced the cost in general by 10,6%, lowered the cost per unite of efficiency by 1,5 times during treatment and by 2 times in a half of year after finishing of the singulair therapy. Conclusion. Including of singulair in basic therapy of preschool age children with atopic diseases increases clinical and economic efficiency.
Eosinophils and allergy
Authors: Chernyak B A , Vorzheva I I
Published: July 2021

The results of the modern scientific researches regarding a new view on a role of eosinophils in allergy as multifunctional cells are colligated in the review. First of all, it concerns participation of eosinophils in regulation of Th2type of the immune response, in formation of allergic inflammation and tissue damage. Their role in outcome of these processes - reparation or chronization of illness, including mechanisms of tissue remodeling is also very important.
Bioaffection of the internal environment of dwellings with potentially allergenic microscopic fungi as a risk factor for health
Authors: Bogomolova E V , Ukhanova O P
Published: July 2021

Background. The evaluation of the species composition and numbers of spores of microscopic fungi in the air environment of St. Petersburg apartments and comparison of these indicators with the air of the external environment of the city Materials and methods. The research had been carried out in 2009-2012, in Saint-Petersburg. The air samples were taken with the automatic sampler Burkard on Petri dishes with agarised environment Capek’s with the addition of chloramphenicol for the suppression of bacteriobiota. The samples were taken in residential apartments having the signs of mold fungi intrusion, as well as without them, during all the seasons of the year. We have studied the results of the air analyses of 550 apartments. Results. Analysis of specific and generic composition of mold fungi in the air environment of infected apartments showed the domination of fungi of the genera Penicillium (the occurrence of 100%), Cladosporium (70%), Aspergillus (65%) in occurrence and abundance. And also the fungi of the genera Mucor (40%) and Stachybotrys (40%), Chaetomium (35%), Paecilomyces (20%), Ulocladium (20%), Aureobasidium (15%) were found in residential premises. The analysis of the abundance of dominant genera of micromycetes in the air of the clean apartments showed that fungi of the genera Penicillium (the occurrence of 100%) are dominated by occurrence, the representatives of other branches appeared randomly, but usually belonged to the genera Acremonium, Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Ulocladium. Conclusion. The impact of high concentration of the spores of dominant micromycetes is directly associated with the exacerbation of allergic diseases of the respiratory tract - bronchial asthma, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, allergic rhinitis in springsummer period of the year. The study of the propagules dynamics of potentially allergenic microscopic fungi in aerobiota of Saint Petersburg can be useful for clinical diagnosis and prevention of allergic diseases in immunocompromised or sensitized patients.
CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF INSECT ALLERGY. PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION
Authors: FEDOSKOVA T G , LUSS L V
Published: July 2021

The paper presents a variety of skin symptoms of allergy to insects bites, clinical and laboratory criteria for the early detection of this type of allergy, the main approaches of treatment and prevention.
Allergen-specific skin prick tests in allergist practice
Authors: Gushchin I S , Danilycheva I V
Published: July 2021

Identification of patient’s allergen-specific hypersensitivity and its clinical value is a basis of the right choice allergen-specific treatment. The problem is solved by an allergist with the use of different diagnostic methods. The most important stage of diagnostics is an allergen-specific skin testing more widely used as a skin prick testing (SPT). The paper concerns SPT technique, indications and contraindications for the testing, interpretations of SPT results, performance at certain groups of patients, the most probable mistakes in carrying out SPT, the reasons of false positive and false negative results, a comparative assessment of SPT and other methods of allergen-specific diagnostics, requirements to allergenic extracts.
PREVALENCE OF ALLERGIC DISEASES SYMPTOMS AMONG CHILDREN OF THE GRODNO REGION (REPUBLIC OF BELARUS)
Authors: Khokha R N
Published: July 2021

Background. To study the prevalence of symptoms of allergic diseases among school students of the Grodno region (Republic of Belarus). Methods. Researches conducted a questioning method by means of the Russian version of the standardized «International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood» program (ISAAC). Results. Results of questioning of 1787 schoolchildren showed that the wheezing, within the last 12 months was registered in 9,3% of children of the first classes (DI: 7,5-11,5%) and in 9,1% of children of the eighth classes (DI: 7,5-11%), rhinitis symptoms without cold or flu - in 29,7% of children of the first classes (DI: 26,7-32,85%) and in 47,2% of children of the eighth classes (DI: 44-50%), symptoms of atopic dermatitis - in 8,2% of children of the first classes (DI: 6,6-10%) and in 1,9% of children of the eighth classes (DI: 1-2,97%). Frequency of clinically verified diagnosis of bronchial asthma at schoolchildren at the age of 6-7 y.o. and at the age of 13-14 y.o. was 3,9% (DI: 3-4,9%), allergic rhinitis - 5,6% (DI: 4,6-6,8%), atopic dermatitis - 6,2% (DI: 5,2-7%). Conclusion. Results of the study confirm the need of carrying out further epidemiological researches for the purpose of earlier identification of patients with allergic diseases.
Skin care as a way to recover microbiome in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Pavlova K S
Published: July 2021

Recently microbiome of the skin was characterized using genomic technologies in norm and in pathology. Microbiome of the affected skin in atopic dermatitis is characterized by a lack of the variety of bacteria, decrease of the Actinomycetes and Proteobacteries species and increase of Staphylococci colonization (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and others). Restoration of the skin barrier function is the most important goal in the overall concept of the atopic dermatitis treatment. Recent studies demonstrated the possibility of reductionof inflammation, xerosis, itching and restoration of skin microbiome of the affected areas by emollients use (Lipikar Baume AP, La Roche Posay), as a result of the skin barrier function improvement.
Anaphylactic reactions to hymenoptera sting - situation in Kazan city and existing problems
Authors: Fassakhov R S , Reshetnikova I D , Safina L F
Published: July 2021

Background. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of severe allergic reactions to hymenoptera sting according to data, gathered by specialized allergological department of Kazan hospital No. 7 in 2000-2011. Materials and Methods. 493 patients hospitalized during the period of 2000-2011 with anaphylactic shock (ASh) including 133 patients with ASh to Hymenoptera sting were analised. Results. The study showed a high frequency of ASh developed as a result of hymenoptera sting comparing with total cases of ASh hospitalizations (27%, Cl: 23-31%). In most ASh cases was caused by wasps stings (52%, Cl: 43-60%). Male patients are supposed to be more vulnerable to the risk of stings (58%, Cl: 50-66%). More often ASh showed acute cardiovascular symptoms (79,7%, Cl: 72-85%). Emergency crews used epinefrine in order to relieve ASh only in 30% of cases (30%, Cl: 22-38%). Conclusion. Systemic allergic reactions to Hymenoptera sting prevalence shows the need for registration of allergens for immunotherapy and injection pen with epinefrine for selfhelp in case of ASh development with in the territory of Russian Federation.
THE ROLE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN NASAL POLYPOSIS
Authors: Bondareva G P , Turovsky A B , Semkina O V
Published: July 2021

Nasal polyposis is associated with colonization of S. aureus, which secretes enterotoxine that acts as superantigen and induces formation of monoclonal IgE by analogy with severe eosinophilic inflammation. This article describes the current insights of features of inflammation caused by S. aureus. Further research aimed at a deeper study of the role of S. aureus in pathogenesis of nasal polyposis, as well as new methods of treatment that would prevent the recurrence of the disease and improve quality of life of the patients are needed.
ALLERGY TO STINGING INSECTS: GLOBAL SITUATION
Authors: Govorushko S M
Published: July 2021

The most significant allergenic stinging insects (wasps, bees, hornets, bumblebees) are considered. Information on the percentage of people having allergic reactions to stings total population in different countries is provided. The relation between the frequency of allergic reactions to certain professions is shown. Regional differences in mortality from allergies to the venom of bees and wasps are discussed. Mortality figures from allergies to venom of stinging insects in different countries are given. Global mortality from stinging insect allergy is estimated.
CYTOKINES PROFILE IN BLOOD IN SEVERE ASTHMA PATIENTS WITH OBESITY
Authors: Sobko E A , Soloveva I A , Ischenko O P , Kraposhina A Y , Demko I V , Chubarova S V , Pavlova N U
Published: July 2021

Background. To study the cytokines profile in the peripheral blood of patients with severe asthma and obesity. Methods.139 patients with severe bronchial asthma have been examined, including 66 patients with severe bronchial asthma and body mass index (BMI) 30 (2nd group). The control group was formed from 40 healthy volunteers. The respiratory function, the cytokine integral index and the levels of TNFα, IL4, IL6, IL2, IL10, IFN-γ, IL8, IL17 in the peripheral blood of patients in and out of an exacerbation were studied. Results. More significant systemic inflammation signs expressed in increased levels of TNFα, IL6, IL4, IL2 and IFN-γ were found in exacerbation period of the disease. In obese patients the increased level of proinflammatory cytokine IL17 in exacerbation period was estimated. Conclusion. We have demonstrated the presence of systemic inflammation in patients with severe BA, regardless of the presence of obesity, increased level of proinflammatory cytokine IL17 in patients with severe bronchial asthma and obesity in the period of exacerbation. It can be a reason of the low effect of steroid therapy in patients with BMI >30.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF DIMETHINDENE MALEATE IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Fedenko E S , Elisyutina O G , Ilina N I
Published: July 2021

This review is devoted to analyses of data on efficacy and safety of dimethindene maleate in clinical practice.
ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN CHILDREN: PREAND PERINATAL RISK FACTORS
Authors: Belan E B , Gavrikov L K , Kasyanova A S , Khlynova N A , Sadchikova T L , Gutov M V
Published: July 2021

Background. To study the influence of some pre- and perinatal factors on risk of atopic dermatitis development in children up to 3 years old. Materials and methods. 460 newborns and children histories up to 3 years old as well as pregnancy and delivery medical reports of their mothers have been analyzed. The data were estimated differentially depending on presence or absence of atopic dermatitis in 3 years old children. Results. The most significant perinatal risk factors for development of atopic dermatitis were: family history of atopy in mother (OR 3,99 [95% CI 2,38; 6,72]), gestosis, fetoplacentary insufficiency (OR 1,65 [95% CI 1,08; 2,54]), threat of interruption of pregnancy failure (OR 1,82 [95% CI 1,21; 2,74]), fed by a milk formulas (OR 1,70 [95% CI 1,13; 2,56]), cytomegalovirus (OR 1,56 [95% CI 1,02; 2,41])and ureaplasma infection in anamnesis (OR 1,77 [95% CI 1,10; 2,78]), and antibiotics (macrolids) intake during pregnancy. Conclusions. The influence of some pre- and perinatal risk factors of atopic dermatitis in children of early age has been demonstrated.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY ALLERGIC RHINITIS DIAGNOSIS IN THE PREVENTION OF IT’S COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Sobolev A V , Aak O V
Published: July 2021

Background. Determination of prevalence of allergic rhinitis in patients with an allergy in the practice of an allergist, identification of the range of sensitization to common allergens in patients of different age groups, demonstration of the early diagnosis importance. Materials and methods. Determination of specific IgE in serum by MAST-HLA panels (36 allergens, Russian Panel IV, Hitachi Diagnostics, USA) was performed for 610 patients with rhinitis. For 269 of them a comprehensive clinical examination including cytological, bacteriological and mycological study of nasal swab was carried out. Results. Allergic rhinitis was diagnosed in 55,9% of the patients, infectious rhinitis was found in 28,7%, non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome is set in 6,1% of individuals. IgE to pollen was present in 53,9% of cases, to house dust— in 45,0% to house dust mites — in 29,0%, to mold allergens — in 14,5%. The frequency of children sensitization com -pared with adults to dog’s epithelium was higher by 1,4 times, the cat’s epithelium — by 1,3 times, to cockroaches — by 1,8 times, to house dust mites — by more than 2-fold, to food — by 2—3-fold. The clinical case demonstrates the importance of early diagnosis of disease. The choice of medicines for treatment was discussed. Conclusion. Given that the debut of allergic rhinitis in most of the examined patients occurred in childhood, the early examination of allergy in children is reasonable for the purpose of adequate therapy.
THE INFLUENCE OF TOPICAL GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS ONCYTOKINE GENE EXPRESSION IN THE SKIN AND PERIPHERALBLOOD OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS PATIENTS
Authors: Filimonova Tat'yana Mikhaylovna , Elisyutina O G , Fedenko E S , Burmenskaya O V , Boldyreva M N , Filimonova T M , Elisyutina O G , Fedenko E S , Burmenskaya O V , Boldyreva M N
Published: July 2021

Background. To investigate the influence of mometasone furoate 0,1% cream on cytokine gene expression in the
skin and peripheral blood of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients comparing with control.
Material and methods. 40 AD patients were included in the study and divided into 2 groups. group 1 patients
were given continuous course of mometasone furoate 0,1% cream treatment for 14 days. group 2 patients were
given indifferent emollient elobase cream for 14 days. Clinical efficacy of the treatment was assessed on the
following features: SCORAD index, Investigators global Assessment (IgA) score and subjective assessment of
itch and dryness of the skin according to skin area to be studied. Skin samples and peripheral blood of atopic
dermatitis were used as material for immunological study. Interleukin (IL)1B, IL2, IL2r, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL7, IL8, IL10,
IL 12A, IL12B, IL15 (total), IL15 , IL17A, IL18, IL23, IL28, IL29, Interferon (IFN)-, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF),
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene expression were defined in the skin
and peripheral blood of AD patients by realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-pCR).
Results. positive clinical effect was found with all AD patients on the mometasone furoate 0,1% cream therapy
background for 14 days and also dryness, rushes and skin itch decreased. Stаtistical significant decrease of proinflammatory
cytokines IL2, IL2r, IL5, IL8, IL12В, IL23, IFN- gene expression was marked. They are the markers
of chronic inflammation and Th1 immune response. Studying peripheral blood after mometasone furoate 0,1%
cream treatment increase of TGFB1, FOXP3 gene expression level was found. no significant changes of cytokine
gene expression in AD patients, who got elobase cream were found.
Conclusion. Antiinflammatory activity of mometasone furoate 0,1% cream was shown by its influence on proinflammatory
cytokines IL2, IL2r, IL5, IL8, IL12В, IL23, IFN- gene expression in the skin and mechanisms of
immune response in moderate and severe AD patients.
USE OF MOLECULAR GENETIC METHODS IN THE STUDY OF HEREDITARY PREDISPOSITION TO ATOPIC DISEASES INCHILDREN
Authors: Tyumentseva E S , Petrova N V , Balabolkin I I , Pinelis V G , Tumentseva E S , Petrova N V , Balabolkin I I , Pinelis V G
Published: July 2021

Background. Study of the аssociations of susceptibility genes to the development of atopic diseases in children.
Materials and methods. All 325 examined children reside on the territory of the European part of Russia who
by according to surveys, Russian by nationality. Analysis of polymorphism in genes of receptors ADRB2, GRL,
ALOX5, genes of biotransformation - CYP1A1, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, GSTT1, GSTM1, NAT2 as well as the variants of
the genes MTHFR and TNFA was performed in patients suffering from atopic disease and in healthy individuals.
Using Multifactor Dimentionality Reduction method (MDR) it was defined the most significant model of genegene
interaction for the development of atopic disease
Results. Association of the development of atopic diseases with polymorphic variants of the genes: ALOX5 (VNTR)
GRL (1220A > G) TNFA (-308G > A) CYP1A1 (6235T > C) and GSTM1 was identified in surveyed children. The highrisk
alleles and genotypes of developing atopic diseases in pediatric patients were determined. Using Multifactor
Dimentionality Reduction method (MDR) it was defined the most significant model of gene-gene interaction for
the development of atopic disease, including ADRB2 (79 C >G), (46A > G), CYP2C19 (G681A) was defined.
Conclusion. There were identified polymorphic variants of genes and important gene-gene interactions associated
with development of atopic diseases in children.
Basis of antihistamines use in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Macharadze D Sh , Macharadze D Sh
Published: July 2021

Histamin as allergic mediator that plays a role in allergic reactions and may contribute to impairment of atopic dermatitis. But antihistamines does not always lead to significant improvement of clinical symptoms of atopic dermatitis. In this review we discuss therapeutic options for the treatment with antihistamines in patients with atopic dermatitis.
THE ROLE OF HIDDEN ALLERGENS IN CLINICAL ALLERGOLOGY. SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSIONS WITHIN PERMITTEDLIMITS
Authors: Luss Lyudmila Vasil'evna , Il'ina N I , Latysheva T V , Gratsianskaya A N , Smiyan I A , Luss L V , Ilina N I , Latysheva T V , Gratsyanskaya A N , Smyan I A
Published: July 2021

There is a significant increase of allergic reactions to «hidden allergens». a large amount of allergens and different
substances which can play a role of hidden allergens were found. however their role in side (including
allergic) reactions is not clear yet. in this report there are data concerning medical and legal problems of «hidden
allergens» we face in clinical practice.
THE EFFICIENCY OF CELLULOSE POWDER EXTRACT IN COMPLEX THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH POLLEN ALLERGICRHINITIS
Authors: Penechko E M , Sizyakina L P , Penechko E M , Sizyakina L P
Published: July 2021

Background. The aim of the study was evaluating of cellulose powder extract efficiency in complex therapy of
patients with pollen allergic rhinitis.
Methods. 30 patients with pollen allergic rhinitis in acute stage were investigated. all patients were divided into
two groups. The patients of the 1st group received standard therapy. The patients of the 2nd group additionally
received cellulose powder extract.
Results. Taking the cellulose powder extract in complex therapy of pollen allergic rhinitis helps to decrease
intensity of symptoms and to normalize the immune status.
Conclusion. The results obtained in this investigation helps to make a conclusion about practicability of cellulose
powder extract efficiency in complex therapy of pollen allergic rhinitis.
The retrospective analysis of the anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data in patients with chronicidiopathic urticaria
Authors: Golubchikova R N , Danilycheva I V , Rebrova O Yu , Golubchikova R N , Danilycheva I V , Rebrova O Yu
Published: July 2021

Background. analysis of the anamnestic, clinical laboratory findings in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Methods. The retrospective study of the anamnestic clinical laboratory findings in patients with chronic idiopathic.
Results. women are predominant (3,4:1), 72% chronic idiopathic urticaria in the course of less or equal 5 years,
73% of patients suffer from urticaria and angioedema, triggers of urticaria are stress in 62% of patients, food in
27%, medications in 24%, acute respiratory disease in 12%, premenstrual syndrome in 6%. The part of patients
with autoimmune thyroiditis is 21%. 46% of patients had signs of autoimmune pathology. 20% have antiparasitic
antibodies. 100% of patients have gastrointestinal problems, 67% - chronic tonsillitis, 14% - atopic disease, 9% -
parasitosis. in 43% of patients H. pylori infection was found. changed parameters of bacteriological studies of
feces were detected in 85% of patients. There were no health hazard conditions.
Fotophoresis and laser treatment in patients with chroniceczema
Authors: Perlamutrov Y U , Katushonok E V
Published: July 2021

The aim. To evaluate the efficiency of physiotherapeutic methods and combine therapy on immune system and on
oxidation process in patientes with chronic eczema.
Materials and methods. There were 32 patients with severe chronic eczema, who were treated with standard systemic
and topical therapy plus photophoresis with mometasone furoat (1 mg) and supracutaneus laser irradiation of blood
(1 procedure). The efficiency of therapy was detected by the changes of EASI index, cell and humoral immunity
parameters, antioxidation status.
Results. After using of combine therapy in severe eczema patients positive changes in severity of cutaneous process and
prolongation of remission periods were found out as well as normalization of immune status and levels of oxidation
processes.
Conclusion. The combine treatment of patients with severe chronic eczema is effective, available method of therapy
of chronic eczema patients.
Nitric oxide in exhaled air as a marker of bronchial asthma control
Authors: Nenasheva N M , Fomina D S , Buriev B B
Published: July 2021

Background. To study the clinical value of determining NO in exhaled air in patients with bronchial asthma (BA), as well as its role as marker of asthma control and the relationship with other indicators of BA control. Materials and methods. 114 patients with BA (age 18 to 82) have been examined. Clinical and specific allergical surveys, spirometry and bronchial hyperresponsiveness have been performed. The level of NOex has been measured by NIOX MINO device; Aerocrine AB, Sweden. Asthma control determined by using the ACT-test. Results. It was found that NOex in patients with atopic BA statistically was significantly (p=0,0008) higher than in the healthy control group, the same in patients with nonatopic В A (p=0,00419). The existence of statistically significant correlations between the level of NOex and phase of BA, level NOex and spirometry, NOex and the ACT-test for patients with atopic BA was found. Reducing NOex >20% in response to the correction of the asthma therapy is a sign of achieving asthma control, OR=3,18; 0:1,13-8,92.
Conclusion. NOex can be in use as an indicator of control in patients with atopic BA, that statistically significantly correlate with the level of asthma control determined by the doctor (phase of BA), the level of control, determined by the patient (ACT-test), as well as a spirometry (FEV ). NOex is a sensitive marker of response to anti-inflammatory asthma therapy.
Treatment approaches in small bronchi inflammatory control in bronchial asthma patients
Authors: Budnevskiy A V , Burlachuk V T , Olisheva LA
Published: July 2021

This article reviews the significance of distal airways inflammation in asthma, current methods of investigations
and therapeutic approaches to control inflammation at the level of small bronchi.
It is demonstrated that inflammation in most asthma patients involves all airways including the small bronchi.
The new drugs targeting distal airways, including extrafine formulations of inhaled steroids and P2-agonists
(beclomethazone/formoterol (Fostair), can successfully treat pathologic process in small bronchi of asthma
patients.
Análisis de las políticas culturales en el Perú
Authors:   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu, Pino Apablaza Fernando
Published: July 2021

La investigación se realizó en la ciudad de Lima, en el primer trimestre del año 2021.Tuvo como objetivos: conceptualizar la política, la cultura, y las políticas culturales. Además, identificar las principales problemáticas respecto a políticas culturales en la administración gubernamental, describir las leyes peruanas que atañen a la cultura, proponer la cultura como factor de desarrollo, y finalmente describir una taxonomía de las industrias culturales y creativas. Los objetivos de investigación, se cumplieron a través del análisis documental. Finalmente, la conclusión decanta en que las políticas culturales públicas en el Perú, son débiles e incipientes. Y para corolario las autoridades de turno no le prestan la debida atención e importancia, considerando a la cuestión cultural como algo secundario en el desarrollo de la comunidad.
Antes que la naturaleza muera: de la primavera silenciosa a Nuestro futuro robado
Authors:   Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Pulido Capurro Víctor , Dalmau Bedoya Augusto ,   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu, Olivera Carhuaz Edith ,   Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
Published: July 2021

Se presenta los aspectos más resaltantes de la publicación de tres libros, la Primavera silenciosa por Rachel Louise Carson, publicado en 1962; Antes que la Naturaleza muera escrito por Jean Dorst, publicado en 1965, y Nuestro futuro robado escrito por Theo Colborn, Dianne Dumanoski y John Peterson Myers, publicado en 1996, los cuales basados en evidencias científicas causaron un gran impacto en la población mundial, debido a que llamaron la atención acerca de la destrucción de la naturaleza, la pérdida de especies de animales y plantas, del uso discriminado de pesticidas como el DDT y de sustancias químicas que se comportan como disruptores que alteran el sistema endocrino de los organismos. Ponen en evidencia la importancia de los temas sociales y ecológicos y reconoce la necesidad de una reflexión desde la bioética y la educación ambiental, que forman parte del mismo discurso que relaciona lo científico y lo humano. Y de cómo estos libros de algún modo han influenciado en una serie de procesos y mecanismos y acuerdos que se han concretado para proteger al planeta, los hábitats y las especies.
Determinación de parámetros operativos para la producción de extracto de saponinas de cucumis dipsaceus “jaboncillo de campo”
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Seijas Velásquez Segundo , Seijas Bernabé Priscilla Alexandra ,   Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Seijas Bernabé Nadia Stefanía ,   Universidad Privada Cesar Vallejo, Salgado Rodríguez Ludwig Emmanuel ,   Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología, Alva Castañeda Marco Antonio ,   Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología
Published: July 2021

Cucumis dipsaceus “jaboncillo de campo”, es una especie vegetal de la familia de las cucurbitáceas considerada como maleza en nuestra región, cuyo fruto presenta metabolitos secundarios de importancia industrial y farmacológica destacando entre ellos los flavonoides, glicósidos, alcaloides, taninos y saponinas. Este último compuesto posee propiedades tales como surfactante, espumante, antiinflamatorio y hepatoprotector. Debido a las propiedades que presenta las saponinas se propuso el presente estudio cuyo objetivo principal fue determinar los parámetros operativos: temperatura, tiempo y relación de sólido/solvente en el proceso de producción de extracto de saponina a partir del fruto de Cucumis dipsaceus “jaboncillo de campo”. El estudio se inició con un pretratamiento de los frutos el cual consistía en las operaciones de limpieza, pulpeado y secado. Los experimentos se efectuaron mediante ensayos extractivos a nivel de laboratorio para determinar los parámetros óptimos de operación. Luego se procedió al diseño de los equipos que intervienen en el proceso: destilación al vacío, filtrado y secado, así como se obtuvo un programa computarizado en Visual Basic 10 con la finalidad de proceder al escalamiento piloto respectivo. Para determinar la presencia y concentración de las saponinas en el producto final, se realizó los ensayos de hemólisis de glóbulos rojos y prueba de la espuma o afrosimétrica. Se obtuvo un rendimiento de 73,5 % en la producción de saponinas con los respectivos parámetros operativos: de relación sólido/solvente 1, temperatura 600C y tiempo de extracción 30 minutos.
Gestión Pedagógica Directivo y Proyectos Educativos Productivos en las instituciones educativas del distrito de Azángaro Provincia de Yauyos – Lima, 2020
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Flores Alfaro Edith Kredis , Campana Concha Abelardo Rodolfo ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es determinar la relación entre la gestión pedagógica directiva y los Proyectos Educativos Productivos en las Instituciones Educativas del distrito de Azángaro provincia de Yauyos –Lima, 2020. Para su desarrollo se consideró la investigación correlacional en la que se analizarán el vínculo estadístico entre dos variables, aplicándose un cuestionario para cada variable aplicado a una muestra de 88 docentes, cuyos datos recolectados fueron procesados mediante el programa estadístico SPSS, además se empleó Rho de Spearman con un margen de error 5%. Los resultados hallaron un nivel de correlación de 0,904 evidenciando relación entre gestión pedagógica directiva y proyectos educativos productivos, debido a los resultados mayoritarios de la gestión pedagógico directivo considerado de indiferente por el 73.9%, lo cual está vinculado a los proyectos educativos productivos visto por el 71,6% con una frecuencia de a veces. Del mismo modo, se confirmó la relación de la primera variable con las dimensiones pertinencia, objetividad, compromiso y creatividad. Por ello, se concluyó que una gestión intermedia de los directivos dentro de la institución limita el interés institucional (docentes, estudiantes y padres de familia), para el desarrollo efectivo de los proyectos educativos.
Actitudes lingüísticas de estudiantes universitarios hacia las lenguas quechua y español
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Roldán Rosales Óscar Esteban , Campana Concha Abelardo Rodolfo ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Published: July 2021

Este estudio descriptivo correlacional tuvo como objetivo de la investigación analizar las actitudes lingüísticas que muestran los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional “Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo” hacia el quechua y el español, para lo cual se utilizó la encuesta como técnica de recolección de datos, la cual fue aplicada a una muestra de 150 estudiantes, quienes tuvieron que responder a 12 preguntas en base a la variable de investigación. Los resultados señalaron que los estudiantes tienen diferentes opiniones sobre las lenguas quechua y español, no obstante que muestran una mayor valoración positiva hacia la lengua española. Asimismo, asignan distintos grados de uso, aunque es el español la lengua más preferida. Por ello, se concluye que los estudiantes otorgan actitudes favorables hacia el quechua y el español. Así, por lo que se refiere a las actitudes hacia el quechua se otorgan valoraciones positivas en el sentido de que esta lengua les proporciona mejores oportunidades de interrelación familiar y social, oportunidades laborales y eventualmente progreso económico, mientras que hacia el castellano priman las valoraciones en razón a los fines socioculturales, económicos y académicos. Además, la muestra investigada demostró una alta preferencia por el uso de la lengua española ya que esta lengua es la que predominantemente se utiliza en las comunicaciones diaria, además cuentan con un alto grado de conciencia y sensibilidad hacia la identidad cultural y lingüística del quechua.
Percepción y hábitos de alimentación durante la cuarentena por COVID-19 en el Perú
Authors:   Universidad Estadual de Campinas, Guillen-Sánchez Jhoseline
Published: July 2021

Se realizó una encuesta entre mayo y junio de 2020 a 164 personas del departamento de La Libertad, Perú, con el objetivo de comprender y analizar como la pandemia afectó el consumo de alimentos en la población peruana, y si las nuevas formas de hábitos alimenticios pueden ser desfavorables para una alimentación adecuada. El 84,4 % de los encuestados tenían entre 18 a 35 años y el 53,1 % eran del sexo femenino. Educación superior técnica era el grado de instrucción predominante. Los cambios más frecuentes se refieren a mayor consumo de frutas y verduras (32 %), y reducción en el consumo productos lácteos como yogurt, leche y queso (22 %). Productos alimenticios de mediana prioridad, como bebidas industrializadas y productos de confitería, mostraron una reducción de 68 %. Posterior a la compra de alimentos, el 45 % de encuestados, higienizan los productos con desinfectantes de uso doméstico. Para el 55 % de encuestados, una alimentación saludable fortalece el sistema inmunológico y reduce la propensión a la infección por coronavirus.
Transformación digital y museos sin fronteras. Una evaluación de siete museos de la ciudad de Lima en tiempos de pandemia
Authors:   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu, Pino Apablaza Fernando
Published: July 2021

La investigación es de alcance descriptivo. Tuvo como objetivo, conocer los niveles de uso, respecto a las tecnologías digitales de siete importantes museos de la ciudad de Lima. Se consideró dos dimensiones tecnológicas. Una denominada tecnología digital in situ, que son aquellas aplicaciones tecnológicas digitales que están dentro del espacio físico del museo, y la otra dimensión denominada tecnología digital vía remota, que se usa para dar acceso al museo desde afuera del espacio físico. Además, se presenta un breve marco teórico sobre transformación digital, donde se describe a una sociedad líquida que se diluye en plena revolución digital. La hipótesis apunta a que existen aún deficiencias en el uso de las tecnologías digitales en los siete museos del Centro Histórico de Lima. Los resultados obtenidos fueron moderados, demostrando frugalidad por parte de los museos en el uso de las tecnologías digitales. En conclusión, existen brechas digitales aún por subsanar en estos museos, que son los más importantes de la ciudad de Lima, la economía es un factor limitante en la digitalización de los museos, y aún existen reticencias y letargo por abordar la transformación digital.
Problematic plant monitoring in Arkansas Post National Memorial: 2006–2019
Authors: Young Craig
Published: July 2021

Managers are challenged with the impact of problematic plants, including exotic, invasive, and pest plant species. Information on the cover, distribution, and location of these plants is essential for developing risk-based approaches to managing these species. Based on surveys conducted in 2006, 2011, 2015, and 2019, Heartland Network staff and contractors identified a cumulative total of 28 potentially problematic plant taxa in Arkansas Post National Memorial. Of the 23 species found in 2019, we characterized 9 as very low frequency, 7 as low frequency, 5 as medium frequency, and 2 as high frequency. Cover of all species was low with a single species slightly exceeding a 1-acre threshold based on a midpoint estimate. Efforts to control the woody invasive black locust, Chinese privet, and hardy orange appear to have successfully reduced the cover of these plants across the Memorial Unit. Japanese stiltgrass may have been increasing as recently as 2015, but a combination of recent flooding and control efforts may have stemmed the spread of this invasive grass. Efforts to control localized patches of Chinaberry tree also appear to have reduced the cover of this species. Outside of the problematic species currently subject
Problematic plant monitoring in Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial: 2006–2019
Authors: Young Craig
Published: July 2021

Managers are challenged with the impact of problematic plants, including exotic, invasive, and pest plant species. Information on the cover, distribution, and location of these plants is essential for developing risk-based approaches to managing these species. Based on surveys conducted in 2006, 2011, 2015, and 2019, Heartland Network staff and contractors identified a cumulative total of 45 potentially problematic plant taxa in Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial. Of the 34 species found in 2019, we characterized 4 as very low frequency, 14 as low frequency, 9 as medium frequency, and 7 as high frequency. A single species exceeded a 10-acre threshold based on a mid-point estimate. Because of the number of problematic plant taxa, as well as the extent and cover of problematic plants in the park and the small park size, control efforts should focus on treating high priority species across the entire park. High priority species may include plant species capable of rapid spread, species at low population levels, and species which can effectively be controlled.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GENERATIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS III
Authors: Roni Hamdani Acep , Nurpajarina Wina
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of the generative learning model to improve the mathematical connection of elementary school students. This research was conducted at SDN Tanjungwangi in the 2020/2021 academic year with a research sample of 20 class III A students and 20 class III B students. This research method uses a quasi-experimental method. The data analysis technique in this study uses N-gain calculations to measure the increase in students' mathematical connection abilities, (t-test) to determine the effect of using generative learning models on students' mathematical connection abilities. The results showed that (1) an increase in mathematical connection ability with an average N-gain in the experimental class obtained a result of 0.79 with the criteria "high" and the average N-gain in the control obtained a result of 0.05 with the criteria "very low" . (2) there is an effect of the use of generative models on the ability of mathematical connections with the results of tcount < ttable 0.830 < 2.024. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the generative learning model on the mathematical connection ability of elementary school students.
Financial Management Training for Empowerment of Mosque Youth in Pelawad Village, Serang
Authors: Nopianti Rina , Suwandi Prastika Tjeng , Triana Leni
Published: July 2021

Pelawad Village is one of the villages in the Ciruas sub-district, Serang Regency, where the majority of the population is Muslim. Pelawad Village has eight mosques. In the management of mosque finances, based on preliminary information received from the BKPM (Mosque Youth Communication Board) it has not been carried out properly. Almost all mosques do not yet have a good bookkeeping system. This activity aims to provide simple financial bookkeeping training with the theme Financial Management Training for Empowerment of Mosque Youth. The method used in this community service activity is an action study through a training approach for youth and adolescents in the Pelawad-Ciruas village environment. To make this happen, BKPM has collaborated with several Bina Bangsa University lecturers. The partnership cooperation between BKPM and Abdimas team at Bina Bangsa University is carried out with the following agreements: BKPM is responsible for providing training facilities and infrastructure as well as coordinating training participants. The community service team served as resource persons and provided training materials. This activity has an outcome that must be achieved, namely increasing the ability of mosque-based financial management. The activity was carried out by after isha considering that the participants were mosque administrators and BKPM members who were caretakers of the mosque, and lasted for 3 days while still observing strict health protocols.
Development and validation of new analytical method for the simultaneous estimation of daunorubicin and cytarabine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Kankipati Benjimen  , K. Thejomoorthy  , P.Sreenivasa Prasanna
Published: July 2021

A simple, Accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Daunorubicin and Cytarabine inhalation dosage form. Chromatogram was run through BDS C18 150 x 4.6 mm, 5m. Mobile phase containing 0.1% OPA: Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 60:40 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 240nm. Retention time of Daunorubicin and Cytarabine were found to be 2.245 min and 2.813. %RSD of the Daunorubicin and Cytarabine were and found to be 0.6and 0.3 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 99.39% and 99.26% for Daunorubicin and Cytarabine respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Daunorubicin and Cytarabine were 0.03, 0.10 and 0.31, 0.94 respectively. Regression equation of Daunorubicin is y = 2677x + 703.5, y = 2524x + 104.7 of Cytarabine.Retention times were decreased and that run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries.
Formulation development and in vitro evaluation of bilayer tablets Nicardipine
Authors: P.Vamsikrishna  , T.Malyadri  , Ch.Saibabu
Published: July 2021

The present work aims to develop a stable and optimized bilayer dosage form containing immediate release &extended release drug Nicardapine as an extended-release dosage form. A potent calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardio depressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents. It has a plasma half-life of about (8.6h) and bioavailability is 15-45% orally. For the formulation of Bilayered tablets polymers such as Ethylcellulose, Sodium CMC, CCS, SSG, Magnesium stearate, Talc, PVP-K30, and MCC. Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the absence of any drug/ polymers/ excipients interactions. Preformulation studies were carried out to optimize the ratios required for various Ethylcellulose, Sodium CMC, CCS, SSG, MCC, and PVP-K30. Based on various evaluation parameters formulation M6 (IR) & M6F3 (SR) were selected as optimized formulation. It was observed that Formulations M6 (IR) & M6F3 (SR) gave maximum drug release within time. All formulations were subjected for drug release kinetics studies viz. Zero-order, First order, Higuchi matrix, Peppasmodel equations, and the formulations of floating sustained-release formulations followed the zero-order release with non-fickian diffusion mechanism. Thus conclusion can be made that a stable dosage form can be developed for  Nicardapine as immediate release & sustained release by Bilayered tablets.
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was Significantly Associated with Diabetic Nephropathy at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Paulus Ivana , Palguna Kadek Adi Satrya , Wirasugianto Jourdan , Supadmanaba I Gede , Semadi I Made Siswadi , Suastika Ketut
Published: July 2021

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is caused by chronic complications due to microvascular changes in patients with T2DM associated with the inflammatory process. Neutrophils to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a ratio that can describe the acute and chronic inflammatory systemic and allegedly the inflammatory process in the kidney. This study aims to determine the association between NLR with diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Method: This study is an analytical study with a case-control design. Samples were taken from the medical record installation room at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. Data was taken by using a simple random sampling method for 1 year that is 2017 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical analysis including univariate analysis, normality test, Mann Whitney test, chi-square test, and AUC was done by using SPSS 23.

Results: 143 sample data were used in this study with an average age of 62 years old (S.D 11.5). Median NLR for DN as case group were found 3.19 ranges within 1.19-29.2 while median NLR for non-DN as control group were found 3.2 (0.82-15.5) with p=0.000. NLR proportion ≥2.5 in the non-DN group was found 30 (42.2%) and DN group were found 49 (68%) with p=0.002. Risk analysis between NLR and Diabetic nephropathy obtained OR 2.91 and 95% CI: 1.45 - 5.76. Other variables such as age, sex, and diabetic status towards NLR levels were found not statistically significant. The results of AUC were 69.6% with 95%CI within the range (61.1% -78.2%).

Conclusion: There is a significant association between NLR and diabetic nephropathy which potentially reflects the inflammation of the diabetic nephropathy process.
Bilateral clavicle fractures: A Case Report and Review of Literature's
Authors: Putrayasa Nyoman Gilang , Kesuma Anak Agung Ngurah Ronny , M I Komang Mahendra Laksana
Published: July 2021

Clavicle fracture is one of common injuries in young adult and fracture in the middle third is the most common injury cases in clavicle fractures. Although clavicle fractures are often seen, in some circumstances bilateral clavicle fractures can occur due to high-energy impact injury, but this is an extremely rare and seldom reported on. Clavicle fracture is not commonly mentioned as an indication for operative intervention, but in cases of bilateral clavicle fracture surgical intervention managed to limit the duration of functional disability and allowing for an earlier functional recovery.
Formulation development and evaluation of duloxetine extended-release tablets
Authors: Ch Saibabu , M Naresh , K Sirisha , R Vineetha , P Sai Kumar , K Deepika , Sk Karishma
Published: July 2021

Duloxetine  is an anti-depressant drug which is used in depression. The aim of present investigation was to prepare an ER tablet of duloxetine with similar dissolution profile matching to Effexor ER. An immediate release core tablet of 100mg was prepared and it was compression coated using HPMC matrix system. HPMC of three viscosity grades i.e., K4M, K15M, K100M and different concentrations of 15% polymer, 25% polymer, 35% polymer & 45% polymer were taken. With the above polymers by using wet granulation and direct compression process 11 formulations were prepared. The data obtained from in vitro drug release was used to determine the similarity factor between marketed and optimized product. Out of all F11 formulation (K15M 35% polymer) is optimized and is matching with the marketed product.