bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Early Stages of Mycosis Fungoides with Narrowband Ultraviolet B
Authors: Dereure Olivier , Picot Eric , Comte Christelle , Bessis Didier , Guillot Bernard
Published: October 2008

Background: Narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy is increasingly used in mycosis fungoides (MF). Objective: We report on the results obtained in a prospective series of early MF patients receiving this therapeutic regimen. Methods: In total, 22 patients were treated. Therapeutic results were evaluated on clinical, histological and molecular levels. Patients were then submitted to a clinical follow-up. Results: The cumulative number of treatments ranged from 22 to 48 (mean: 29). A complete clinical remission (CCR) was obtained in 18/22 patients, and a partial clinical remission in 4 cases. Complete or partial histological responses were achieved in 9/15 (all in CCR) and 4/15 patients, respectively. The molecular response was evaluated in 12 patients, and a disappearance of the dominant T cell clone in the skin was obtained in only 3 cases. After 4–48 months of follow-up (mean 20.1 months), 7/18 patients in CCR (39%) relapsed. Conclusion: Narrowband UVB phototherapy is a well-tolerated treatment of early-stage MF, and its efficiency is maximal in very early stages (Ia). Even though clinical results seem very similar to PUVA through indirect and tentative comparisons with historical series, relapses tend to occur earlier than with PUVA, especially when an incomplete histological or molecular response was achieved.
Discordant Results with Pimecrolimus 1% Cream in the Treatment of Plasma Cell Balanitis
Authors: Stinco Giuseppe , Piccirillo Fabio , Patrone Pasquale
Published: October 2008

Plasma cell balanitis of Zoon is a chronic, benign, inflammatory dermatosis of the glans penis and prepuce. The exact aetiology is unknown. The treatments described to date have provided only partially successful results. Recently, several reports of plasma cell balanitis successfully treated with calcineurin inhibitors have been published. We report 3 cases of plasma cell balanitis refractory to several treatments with steroids and antifungals treated with pimecrolimus 1% cream applied twice daily: 1 patient had a complete resolution, 1 patient had a marked response but relapsed during the treatment and the last patient had a partial response due to the development of a side effect that precociously required to stop the treatment. One patient referred a slight pruritus after the first applications of the cream that spontaneously disappeared after a few minutes. Additional experiences are needed to determine if topical pimecrolimus is an effective and safe treatment for plasma cell balanitis.
The Heart in Chronic Alcoholism
Authors: Schenk E.A. , Cohen J.
Published: October 2008

We have studied 97 patients in whom a history of excessive alcohol intake had been obtained prior to death. In a substantial majority of these patients, otherwise unexplained cardiac hypertrophy, intenstitial fibrosis and myofiber vacuolization were present even in the absence of clinically definable heart disease. In 15% of the 97 patients, death resulted from clinically obvious myocardial disease. In half of these patients with advanced congestive failure, pericardial effusion had been a prominent feature of the illness. Three of 4 of these patients showed evidence of a restrictive cardiomyopathy, which seemed consistent with the excessive myocardial fibrosis found at post-mortem examination.
Die feinstrukturellen Veränderungen der Venolen und Kapillaren unter dem Einfluss weiblicher Sexualhormone
Authors: Grieshaber E. , Leu H.J.
Published: October 2008

The effects of estrogen alone and of a combination of estrogen and progesterone on the subcutaneous vessels were investigated. Juvenile, virginal mice of the genetically hairless type were treated weekly with a subcutaneous injection of estradiolvalenanate or of estradiolvalenanate plus progesterone respectively. After 3 weeks the animals were sacrified and regions of skin and subcutis were examined by electron microscope. Juvenile virginal mice of the same race served as control. Characteristical changes of the endothelial cytoplasm and of the basement membrane were found predominately at the postcapillary region where most of the exchange reactions between blood and tissue take place. These changes were typical for an increased phagocytosis and an increased transport action of the endothelial cells. These findings occurred in both groups, but were much more marked in the estrogen/progesterone group. The importance of these findings and their relation to clinical symptoms in man are discussed.
Production of Atherosclerosis in Lathyritic Aortas of Rats
Authors: Hosoda Y. , Suzuki M.
Published: October 2008

Forty weanling male rats were administered 0.4% beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate (BAPN) for 3 weeks and were then fed an atherogenic diet supplemented with 0.2% BAPN for 4 weeks and with 0.l% BAPN for 9 weeks. Twenty control rats were fed the atherogenic diet without added BAPN. Grossly, intimal lipidosis of the aorta stained with Sudan IV appeared more extensive in test than in control rats. Histologically, intimal lipidosis of the aorta in test rats appeared as early as at 3 weeks on the atherogenic diet. Six test rats showed medial dissection of the thoracic aorta with intimal lipidosis. Dissected spaces of the aorta were filled with proliferating medial cells and, in the subendothelial zone, the smooth muscle cells were mixed with lipid-laden macrophages. Electron microscopically, the aortic intima of test rats showed lipid-laden macrophages and smooth muscle cells in widened subendothelial space. Between the test and control groups, none of the major serum lipid fractions showed significant difference.The results suggest that lathyritic changes of rat aortas induce not only active repair of damaged media but also enhance intimal lipid deposition.
Graft-versus-host Reactivity of Mouse Spleen Cells Separated on Discontinuous Albumin Gradients
Authors: Eugster Heidi
Published: October 2008

Suspensions of spleen cells from normal C57BL/6 mice were separated on discontinuous bovine albumin gradients. Fractions of cells which settled at various interfaces were harvested and tested for their ability to induce lethal graft-versus-host reactivities following injection into newborn (A × C57BL/6)F1 hybrid mice. For comparison, similar doses of unfractionated parental strain spleen cells were also injected and the development of F1 hybrid disease was recorded. Two procedures for the preparation of density gradients were used. In one set of experiments, separation was achieved with osmotically uncontrolled gradients; in another set, gradients were of known pH and osmolarity. With both procedures, lymphoid cells could be harvested at certain interfaces which were as active as unfractionated cells, whereas cells harvested at other interfaces were inactive. Although osmolarity greatly influenced cell distribution, both sets of experiments revealed that parental strain lymphoid cells capable of inducing the disease could be harvested from interfaces of bovine serum albumin of relatively high densities.
Der Nachweis von Adenovirus-Antikörpern mit Hilfe der einfachen radialen Inimunodiffusion
Authors: Döhner L.
Published: October 2008

Simple radial immunodiffusion technique proved well suited for serological diagnosis of adenovirus infections. The technique permitted quantative determinations of antibodies and was shown to be superior to determinations made with complement fixation. Qualitative differences with respect to the distribution of antibodies were observed when immunodiffusion and complement fixation were compared.
The Effect of Testosterone on Chemical Carcinogenesis in the Buccal Pouches of Castrated and Intact Male Hamsters
Authors: Polliack A. , Charuzy I. , Levij I.S.
Published: October 2008

Tumors were induced in the cheek pouches of intact and castrated male Syrian golden hamsters by repeated topical application of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA). Half of the animals received in addition intramuscular injections of testosterone propionate throughout the treatment with DMBA. After 9 and 12 weeks of treatment, squamous cell carcinomas were reduced in number among intact animals receiving DMBA combined with testosterone. Among castrated animals treated with DMBA and testosterone, there were less tumors after 9 weeks than in castrated animals treated with DMBA only, but not after 12 weeks. The tumor incidence in intact and castrated animals treated with DMBA only was similar throughout the experiment. Thus in the present model testosterone appeared to decrease carcinoma formation in intact male animals.
The Inducible Neuraminidase (N-acyl-neuraminyl hydrolase EC 3.2.1.18) of Klebsiella aerogenes NCIB 9479
Authors: Pardoe Grace I.
Published: October 2008

The conditions for induction of biosynthesis of specific neuraminidase (N-acyl-neuraminyl hydrolase, EC 3.2.1.18) by Klebsiella aerogenes NCIB 9479 are described. A range of neuraminyl-containing compounds derived from varied biological sources can induce enzyme biosynthesis; others are ineffective; comparisons are drawn between inducer potential and other biological activities of the compounds and the significance of steric conformation is emphasised. The location of the enzyme in the bacterial cell was investigated and the partially purified enzyme had a pH optimum of 5.6.
Zum Problem der Differenzierung der Proteusstämme durch das Abgrenzungslinienverfahren
Authors: Sturdza S.A.
Published: October 2008

The formation of a demarkation line between swarming colonies of Proteus bacteria (Dienes’ Phenomenon) can be used to differentiate between strains. The systematic use of this simple and precise if somewhat neglected method is recommended. Some past and future applications are discussed.
Chondroitin Sulphate-Mediated Fusion of Brain Neural Folds in Rat Embryos
Authors: Alonso M.I. , Moro J.A. , Martín C. , de la Mano A. , Carnicero E. , Martínez-Álvarez C. , Navarro N. , Cordero J. , Gato A.
Published: October 2008

Previous studies have demonstrated that during neural fold fusion in different species, an apical extracellular material rich in glycoconjugates is involved. However, the composition and the biological role of this material remain undetermined. In this paper, we show that this extracellular matrix in rat increases notably prior to contact between the neural folds, suggesting the dynamic behaviour of the secretory process. Immunostaining has allowed us to demonstrate that this extracellular matrix contains chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG), with a spatio-temporal distribution pattern, suggesting a direct relationship with the process of adhesion. The degree of CSPG involvement in cephalic neural fold fusion in rat embryos was determined by treatment with specific glycosidases.In vitro rat embryo culture and microinjection techniques were employed to carry out selective digestion, with chondroitinase AC, of the CSPG on the apical surface of the neural folds; this was done immediately prior to the bonding of the cephalic neural folds. In all the treated embryos, cephalic defects of neural fold fusion could be detected. These results show that CSPG plays an important role in the fusion of the cephalic neural folds in rat embryos, which implies that this proteoglycan could be involved in cellular recognition and adhesion.
Stimulation of Articular Cartilage of Young Adult Mice by Hormones
Authors: Silberberg Ruth , Hasler Mary
Published: October 2008

Young adult male mice of strain Cδ7Bl were treated with somatotrophin, thyroxine or estradiol benzoate and were observed for 24 h, 2, 4 days or 1 or 2 weeks. The articular cartilage of the femoral head reacted to the treatment with ultra-structural changes in cells and matrix. Chondrocytes were relatively less and the matrix was relatively more conspicuously altered than in growing mice treated similarly. The changes observed are consistent with accelerated passage of cell products into the matrix and with altered cellular activity in regard to the production of components of the matrix. Early effects were followed by intensified degeneration and death of chondrocytes.
Note préliminaire sur une technique de mise en évidence de particules virales dans les eaux usées
Authors: Lautier F. , Wilenski A. , Lavillaureix J.
Published: October 2008

We describe a technique permitting the concentration of viral particles from polluted waters. The main reagents are precipitated aluminium hydroxide and a Millipore filtration system. The volume of polluted water is 100 ml; no antibiotics are required. The resultant viral concentration is very satisfactory and has produced important cytopathogenic effects on the following cells: KB, MA and Patas. The technique is highly sensitive, produces a rapid cellular necrosis, and permits a higher number of successful isolations.
Oncolytic Effect of a Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strain on Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma
Authors: Sethi K.K. , Brandis H.
Published: October 2008

Studies on the oncolytic property of a Mycoplasma gallisepticum strain against solid Ehrlich carcinoma in mice have been carried out. When a mixture of EAT cell suspension and sufficient mycoplasmas were preincubated at 37°C for 30 min and then implanted s.c. into the abdominal tissues of mice, tumors failed to grow in 80% of the cases. Intratumoral inoculation of mycoplasma suspension in 8-day-old and 17-day-old established solid tumors led to tumor destruction, although in the latter situation the destructive effect induced by mycoplasma harmed the animals considerably. Intratumoral inoculation of heated mycoplasma suspension (58°C for 45 min) or sterile PPLO broth medium did not show oncolytic activity. The oncolytic activity was effectively suppressed when test mycoplasmas were preincubated with specific rabbit antiserum at 37°C for 1 h. An arthritic syndrome developed in some of the tumor-bearing mice among experimental as well as control groups. M. pulmonis strains were recovered from the affected tissues. Intravenous inoculation of a heavy suspension of the test M. gallisepticum strain failed to elicit a disease.
Bactériocinogénie et typisation de Streptococcus faecalis
Authors: Kékessy D.A. , Piguet J.D.
Published: October 2008

Eighty-one wild strains of Streptococcus faecalis were cross-tested for enterocin production and enterocin sensitivity. All strains were found to be sensitive to one or more enterocins, while only 65’% of the strains produced enterocins. None of the strains was sensitive to its own enterocin. The grouping of 130 strains of S. faecalis by enterocin sensitivity-typing using 6 producer strains and by enterocin production-typing using 6 indicator strains allows one to distinguish between 13 sensitivity types and 10 production types, giving altogether 25 groups of combined typing. Simultaneous use of both typing methods could be an effective procedure in epidemiological studies.
Stimulation of Articular Chondrocytes of Middle-Aged Mice by a Cartilage-Bone Marrow Extract
Authors: Silberberg Ruth , Hasler Mary
Published: October 2008

Articular chondrocytes of 1-year-old male mice of strain C57B1 were stimulated by injections of a cartilage-bone marrow extract to undergo hypertrophy, intensified organellar development and hyperplasia. This response was attenuated as compared with that of growing animals treated similarly. The morphological findings are consistent with some increase in synthetic activity on the part of the chondrocytes. The increased cell death observed was attributed to overstimulation and subsequent exhaustion, and was considered responsible for the prominence of microscars in the matrix.
Chronic Intoxication by Cadmium Experimentally Induced in Rabbits
Authors: Castano P.
Published: October 2008

The ultrastructural alterations caused in the kidney by chronic intoxication with cadmium salts have been studied in rabbits treated for periods of from 2 weeks to 7 months. Submicroscopic observations failed to demonstrate a visible localization of cadmium in the renal parenchyma. We observed variable regressive and degenerative patterns of the tubular epithelium which were more evident after 5 and 7 months of treatment. Severe glomerular amyloidosis was seen in animals treated for 2 and 7 months, while it was minor in rabbits treated for 4 and 5 months. The possible relationship between cadmium and enzyme systems controlling protein catabolism, and that between cadmium and amyloidosis have been discussed.
Study of Oral, Nasal and Skin Flora in an Investigation on Hospital Infection
Authors: Çetin E.T. , Töreci K. , Agbaba Ö. , Erkman A.
Published: October 2008

Patients in surgical clinics who have undergone a variety of operations, the personnel in these clinics, along with the personnel in clinics of internal medicine, have been screened for potentially pathogenic bacteria carried in their orophyrangeal and nasal secretions and on their hands. 58% of the patients, 54% of those in the surgical clinics and 52% of the personnel in the clinics of internal medicine were found to be carriers. A relatively high rate of carriers of potentially pathogenic gram-negative rods was found in the hospital environment. Except for proteus, no significant pattern was observed with regard to distribution of bacteria among the various groups. Antibiotic resistance of S. aureus and S. albus haemolyticus strains isolated in the hospital environment was found to be higher in strains from patients than in those from personnel. It was found that 14% of typable S. aureus strains were in group I, 39% in group II and 46% in group III.
Hepatitis Associated Antigen in Acute Viral Hepatitis in Greece
Authors: Papaevangelou G.J. , Kourea T. , Tsoukas S.
Published: October 2008

The significance of hepatitis associated antigen (HAA) was studied by immunodiffusion techniques in 270 sporadic acute viral hepatitis cases in Greece. The antigen was detected in 94 (34.8%) cases. The incidence was higher in the early stages and declined later in the course of the disease. It was further demonstrated that there is no sex or age difference in the incidence of HAA, which is also independent from the severity of the disease as reflected in the SGPT activity. The cases were characterised by available detailed history as infectious hepatitis (IH) or serum hepatitis (SH). The HAA was detected in almost equal proportions in both types. Also, they did not differ in their mean geometrical titre of HAA or in the trend of decline of their incidence in the later stages of the disease.
Activation of Phosphonomycin, a New Antibacterial Antibiotic
Authors: Raab W. , Windisch J.
Published: October 2008

The antibacterial activity of phosphonomycin, a new antibiotic, was studied by measuring the oxygen consumption of proliferating Staph. aureus CN 491 by the Warburg technique. Previously reported results on the activation of phosphonomycin in the presence of blood could be confirmed. It was shown that addition of human or animal serum to the respiration medium increased the antibacterial effect of phosphonomycin. Similar activation could, however, be obtained by introducing pure human γ-globulin. It was concluded that y-globulin may be the only important factor in blood capable of activating phosphonomycin.
Blutagarhämolyse in der Shigella-Gruppe
Authors: Stenzel W.
Published: October 2008

Aerobically cultivated Shigella strains usually grow on sheep blood agar without hemolysis, but there are strains of Sh. boydii 11, Sh. sonnei II, Sh. scholtensii (792, Katwijk) and Sh. manolovii (147, Sh. sofia) which may split off hemolysing colonies or may possess a latent capacity for hemolysis being inducible by irradiation with ultraviolet light. When cultivated anaerobically all Escherichiae cause at least delicate hemolysis on glucose sheep blood agar. The episomic genes being responsible for the hemolysin production under aerobic conditions can mostly be eliminated by treatment with acridine orange but seems not to be infective. Hemolysis occurring only anaerobically proved to be resistant to acridine orange.
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis in Childhood with Ascaris Lumbricoides Infestation
Authors: Kessler Elena , Grünebaum M. , Lazebnik J.
Published: October 2008

A case of xanthomatous pyelonephritis in a child is described in which in addition to the typical pathological findings of XP, there were fragments of larvae and calcified particles of parasites within the granulomatous areas. Since the patient was massively infested by A. lumbricoides, this parasite is suspected to constitute the etiological agent of XP in this case.
Fettsucht und Antikörperbildungsvermögen
Authors: Finger H. , Rakow L. , Beneke G.
Published: October 2008

The potential to form antibodies in response to sheep erythrocytes was studied at a cellular and humoral level in normal (+/+; ob/+) and in obese (ob/ob) littermate mice of strain C57BL/6J. No significant differences could be discerned. Also, spleen wet weights and DNA, RNA and protein contents of spleens revealed no differences. In addition, the microscopic structures of spleens, thymus and lymph nodes were normal in both groups of mice. When compared to antibody formation of NMRI/Han mice, that of normal and obese mice of strain C57BL/6J appeared diminished and protracted.
Liver Enzyme Induction and Endotoxicosis in Mice
Authors: Agarwal M.K.
Published: October 2008

Repeated injections of either celite or bentonite resulted in sustained induction of liver tryptophan oxygenase (TO) in mice, but the animals were at least as sensitive to the lethal effects of endotoxin as normal controls. Cortisone did not induce liver TO in celite or bentonite-pretreated mice but the hormone protected such animals against endotoxic lethality. Both the endogenous levels, and the cortisone-mediated deposition of liver glycogen progressed normally in mice pretreated with either bentonite or celite. Animals given repeated injections of cortisone were abnormally sensitive to the lethal effects of endotoxin but the toxin did not lower liver TO any more than in control mice. Furthermore, cortisone was highly effective in protecting the hormone-pretreated mice against endotoxic lethality but did not super or hyper-induce liver TO under these conditions. Thus, contrary to previous reports, liver TO activity showed no relationship with any phase of endotoxicosis in mice. Therefore, it becomes necessary to reassess the contribution of the process of enzyme induction in the survival of the stressed animal.
Immunelektrophoretisch nachweisbare Liquorproteinveränderungen bei bakteriellen Meningitiden
Authors: Müller H.E.
Published: October 2008

There are characteristic anodic shifts in the migration of various human cerebrospinal fluid proteins in meningitides caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella sp., when studied by the immuno-electrophoresis method. These anodic shifts were found very frequently in prealbumin, albumin and β1C/β1A globulin. However, in other proteins such as acid α1-glycoprotein, α1-antitrypsin, α2-macroglobulin, α2-HS-glycoprotein, coeruloplasmin, haptoglobin, transferrin, hemopexin, β2-glycoprotein-I, IgA and IgM the anodic shifts were found. Such changes were also observed in a case of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in α1-antichymotrypsin, inter-α-trypsin-inhibitor, α1-T-glycoprotein and IgE. Besides, the occurrence of unusual proteins in infected cerebrospinal fluid has also been reported.
Experiences with the Analytab System for the Identification of Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Gardner J.M. , Snyder B.A. , Gröschel D.
Published: October 2008

Clinical laboratory experience with the Analytab System disclosed that the initially-marketed batches were not a reliable substitute for the conventional biochemical identification methods with tubed media.
Some Pathological Aspects of the Spontaneous Lymphoid Tumour in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Hadji-Azimi Irandokht , Fischberg M.
Published: October 2008

The morphology and incidence of a spontaneous solid lymphoid tumour of Xenopus laevis was studied. 180 adult tumour-bearing animals were diagnosed in the course of observations made on a large laboratory colony over a period of 4 years. The annual incidence of the tumour varied between 1.5 and 7%. The disease was more prevalent in the laboratory stock than among newly imported animals. The tumours were found to have arisen chiefly in the liver, spleen and kidneys, and metastases to almost all other organs were observed. Electron microscopic studies showed some similarities between the tumour cells and the ‘monocyte-like’ cells encountered in the normal spleen. The examination of the malignant cells in the spleen and liver so far did not reveal the presence of virus particles.
Beitrag zur Ultrastruktur phagozytierender Granulozyten bei progressiver septischer Granulomatose des Kindes
Authors: Heyne K. , Kemmer C. , Rudolph S.
Published: October 2008

Electron-microscopic studies on granulocytes of a boy with chronic granulomatous disease are demonstrated in comparison with those of a healthy person. During the process of phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus the granulocytes of the patient show morphologic changes that are different from normal. There were no hints to a dysfunction of fusion of the granules with the phagocytic vacuole. Deficient degranulation may be explained by a defect of the positive granule-taxis to the phagocytic vacuole.
Vergleich der Influenzaviren A2-Hongkong und A2-Asia
Authors: Frey W.R.
Published: October 2008

A2-Hongkong showed a less specific receptor-destroying enzyme than A2-Asia; it eluted less readily from chicken red cells than A-PR8, B-Lee and A2-Asia and was more sensitive to heat-stable inhibitors in normal guinea pig serum. The α-inhibitor was more active on A2-Hongkong virus whereas the ^-inhibitor was more active on A2-Asia virus. The two strains did not cross-react in the hemagglutination-inhibition test, provided the antisera were pretreated with both RDE and KIO4.
Identification of a Cytomegalovirus Recovered from Field Mice
Authors: Diosi P. , Arcan P. , Babuşceac Livia , Moldovan Eva
Published: October 2008

A virus recovered in murine tissue cultures from the salivary glands of Microtus arvalis specimens, with cytomegalic inclusions in the duct cells, has been identified as a murine cytomegalovirus, distinct from the previously isolated Smith and Raynaud strains.
Versuche zur quantitativen Erfassung von Mykoplasmenwachstum
Authors: Künzel W. , Jacobi H.D. , Budek I. , Kaufhold H.W. , Meissner Chr. , Zschieschang A.
Published: October 2008

As a method to evaluate the amount of mycoplasma, the hemolytic-and lacticdehydrogenase (LDH) activity of culture fluids was tested. Hemolytic activity proved unsuitable, while determination of LDH-activity during the logarithmic phase of growth appeared useful. The decrease in LDH-activity is due to the incubation temperature. Although no direct relation between colony forming units (CFU) and enzym activity could be demonstrated, there was a linear relationship between LDH-activity and mass of mycoplasma.
Die Gentamicin-Sensibilität der gramnegativen «Problemkeime» und Staphylokokken, nachgewiesen mittels Reihenverdünnungstest
Authors: Modde H.
Published: October 2008

A total of 716 strains of the following bacterial species have been tested for their susceptibility to gentamicin: 114 Pseudomonas pyocyanea, 100 Escherichia coli, 100 Proteus mirabilis, 100 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 100 Staphylococcus aureus, 59 Proteus morganii, 45 Proteus vulgaris, 39 Serratia marcescens, 29 Salmonella of the Enteritis group, 17 Salmonella typhi, 7 Salmonella paratyphi B, 6 Proteus rettgeri. Using a tube dilution method it was illustrated that, except for Proteus mirabilis, gentamicin susceptibility of the tested strains remains basically unchanged and favorable. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations of the drug proved to be very close, if not identical. Since there is, in single cases, a possibility of development of resistance even in usually gentamicin-susceptible germs, sensitivity testing is recommended in each treatment with this antibiotic.
Efficiency of Medium B-2 for the Isolation of Tubercle Bacteria from Menstrual Blood and from Endometrium in Female Genital Tuberculosis
Authors: Banič S. , Budič Sonja
Published: October 2008

The liquid medium B-2 proved to be significantly more sensitive for the isolation of tubercle bacteria from menstrual blood and endometrium than the standard U1T egg medium. In female genital tuberculosis the number of tubercle bacteria in bacteriologically examined material is usually very low. The purpose of this article is to show that nevertheless by means of a sensitive medium results can be improved for cultures of menstrual blood and endometrium.
Eine Mikromethode zur Ausführung von Urease-Test und PPA-Test
Authors: Leonardopoulos J. , Papavassiliou J.
Published: October 2008

The authors indicate a micromethod for the simultaneous examination of PPA and urease using a modification of the technique of Vassiliadis and Politi [1968]. The micromethod gave satisfactory results for the PPA test; 95 strains of Proteus and 35 strains of Providencia showed positive PPA tests within 4 h. The urease test was also positive for 95 strains of Proteus within 4 h. Strains of Kiebsiella and Cloaca producing urease within 4 days by standard tests gave a positive result, by the micromethod, in 5 to 22 h. False positive tests were not observed. The micromethod is useful for the rapid differentiation of Proteus and Providencia.
A Serologic Method Using Charcoal Particles from Commercial India Ink Application to Several Antigen-Antibody Systems with Special Reference to the Rheumatoid Factor
Authors: Erill S. , Gras J.
Published: October 2008

A technique utilizing antigen-coated charcoal particles for antibody detections is presented. The stability of the suspension of charcoal particles, provided by a commercial india ink preparation, allows an easy and simplified method of antibody detection. Its application to antigen-antibody systems requiring lower values of pH can be envisaged. When used in the detection of the Rheumatoid Factor in patients with typical Rheumatoid Arthritis and in a general hospital population the test showed a promising degree of sensitivity.
Die chemische Zusammensetzung der Klebsiella-Lipopolysaccharide (O-Antigene)
Authors: Nimmich W. , Korten G.
Published: October 2008

The·antigens (lipopolysaccharides) of 19 Klebsiella strains belonging to the·groups 1 to 12 have been analysed with respect to their sugar composition. KDO, heptose, glucosamine, and glucose were common constituents of all lipopolysaccharides investigated. Glucose was generally present in small amounts. The antigens Ol, O2, O6, O8, and O9 contained large quantities of galactose, whereas the same sugar was present only in traces in the antigens O3, O5, O7, O10, and O12. Mannose was found to be the main component of antigens O3 and O5, the latter contained in addition 3-O-methylmannose. Antigens 04 and Oil were characterized by their content of about 20% each of galactose and ribose. Glucose, ribose, and rhamnose were constituents of the antigens O7 and O10, antigen O12 contained galactose instead of ribose. The existence of some·groups seems to be questionable. A more thorough determination of Klebsiella·antigens is desirable.
Wachstum und Ausbreitung des Ehrlich-Asziteskarzinoms der Maus im Hühnerembryo
Authors: Gonzenbach P.
Published: October 2008

Growth and spread of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma of the mouse in the chick embryo were studied after injection of different amounts of tumor cells into chorioallantoic veins on the 11th day of incubation. Inoculation of 1×103-1x105 tumor cells did not result in tumor growth. After injection of 1 × 106 tumor cells, metastases were found in heart, liver, mesonephros, brain, and chorioallantois; nevertheless most embryos hatched out. The dose of 1 × 107 tumor cells extended the formation of metastases to lung and metanephros; most embryos, however, died before hatching. The difference of localization of metastases is thought to be connected with the different stages of organogenesis on the 11th day of incubation. Four hours after injection, tumor cells were observed within the blood vessels of all organs examined. The same localization was ascertained for india ink particles. Twenty hours after injection tumor cells were found within the parenchyma of all organs, and none could be detected in blood vessels by 48 h. It is assumed that these findings are an expression of active locomotion displayed by the tumor cells. Almost always groups of tumor cells within the organs were surrounded or infiltrated by pseudoeosinophilic granulocytes. After the 14th day lymphocytes were occasionally present in the vicinity of metastases. However, no clear-cut indication of an anti-neoplastic function of these leukocytes could be acquired.
Decreased Incidence of Thyroiditis in Aged Buffalo Strain Rats Given 3-MethylchoIanthrene
Authors: Reuber M.D.
Published: October 2008

The effect of age on chronic thyroiditis induced by 3-methylcholanthrene was studied in male and female Buffalo strain rats. Animals 8 and 76 weeks of age were used. Some animals of each sex and age ingested the chemical in laboratory meal. Other groups were given a single subcutaneous injection. The young rats given 3-methylcholanthrene orally or subcutaneously were more susceptible to the development of chronic thyroiditis than were the aged rats.
Morphological and Immunological Studies in Valvular Heart Surgery
Authors: Laufer A. , Garces C.J. , Ron N. , Friedman I. , Borman J.B.
Published: October 2008

Light and electronmicroscopical studies were performed on myocardial samples, obtained from the atrium, papillary muscle, anterior wall of left ventricle and the operated valves. Degenerative verrucous endocardiosis and bacterial endocarditis were encountered but no histological signs of rheumatic activity were found. No specific diagnostic electronmicroscopical findings were present and the ultra-structural changes present included alterations in the mitochondria, an increase in the number of fat droplets, a focal increase in glycogen and focal muscle disruption and necrosis. The detection of anti-heart antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent studies and their possible relation to myocardial damage are discussed. In addition, the importance of myocardial changes, the presence of small myocardial scars and the increase in interstitial collagen tissue are reviewed in relation to myocardial function and it is suggested that they can be used as a prognostic index of myocardial function. It is also suggested that earlier operation of diseased valves be performed in order to prevent further myocardial damage and impairment of myocardial function.
Recovery of the Antibody-Forming Potential in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice, with Special Reference to the Influence of Bordetella pertussis
Authors: Elekes E. , Finger H.
Published: October 2008

A single intraperitoneal injection of 4mg cyclophosphamide administered 2 days before the primary immunization of NMRI mice with 4 × 108 sheep erythrocytes led to a significant suppression of the primary immune response to this antigen, both at the cellular and humoral levels. Unlike this, the secondary response elicited 4 weeks after primary antigenic stimulation was found to be increased. To a lesser degree, the inhibition of the primary immune response was only demonstrable when the drug was given as early as 4 days before priming, although at that time the maximum in both the reduction of the spleen weights and the blood leukocyte counts were found. Again, the secondary response of the cyclophosphamide-treated animals was found to be increased. Killed cells of Bordetella pertussis, given simultaneously with the erythrocyte antigen, were capable to overcome partly the drug-induced inhibition of the primary immune response, and to increase the process of priming for the secondary immune reaction. Furthermore, the B. pertussis vaccine effected accelerated increase in both the extremely suppressed spleen weights and blood leukocyte counts.
Cells Involved in Cell-Mediated and Transplantation Immunity in the Rabbit
Authors: Haasz Robert , Algom David , Richter Maxwell
Published: October 2008

It was demonstrated that, in the rabbit, there is a distinct dissociation between the cells activated in the induction of the humoral and delayed hypersensitivity states of immunity. This was best proved by the fact that 800 rad whole body irradiation, which results in death or inactivation of the antigen-reactive cells involved in humoral immunity, did not abrogate the capacity of the rabbit to be sensitized to give delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reactions. It is concluded that these two types of immunity result from the activation of two different cell pathways.
Die experimentelle Ornithosepneumonie der Maus und ihre Pathomorphose unter der Antibiose
Authors: Kühn H. , Hille G. , Haack H.P.
Published: October 2008

The intratracheal injection of an ornithosal strain (isolated from human sputum) given to white mice resulted in pneumonia in 70 %. They showed a characteristic pattern of an alveolar and granulomatous pneumonia Therapy with terramycin which started 2 h after infection led to a decrease of pneumonia, in severe as well as in fatal forms. Treatment with terramycin 24 h after infection resulted only in a decrease of severe forms. Chemotherapy changed the morphologic pattern of pneumonias with only an uncharacteristicinterstitial inflammation observed.
Neurotransmitting Substances and Endotoxin Response in Relation to Hepatic Enzyme Induction
Authors: Agarwal M.K.
Published: October 2008

Since neurotransmission and selected enzymes of the serotonin/adrenalin pathway are altered during endotoxicosis, a variety of neurophilic drugs, some active on defined loci in the tryptophan-serotonin pathway, were evaluated for their ability to modify endotoxin lethality. Among the various putative neurotransmitters, only leucine had some sensitizing effect on endotoxin toxicity. If given prior, and not subsequent, to challenge, p-chlorophenyl-alanine (but not the other analogues) consistently lowered the LD50 of endotoxin in mice and impaired cortisone proctection against endotoxic death. This effect could not be related to the possible increase in endogenous concentrations of tryptophan, as a result of inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase by p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). Additionally, the endotoxin toxicity in normal mice could not be modified by the serotonin antagonists cyproheptadine and LSD-25. The inorganic mercurial HgCl2 (but not its organic analoge p-chloromercuribenzoate), behaved like PCPA in its ability to modify the endotoxin lethality. These results are discussed in relation to hepatic enzyme induction and a common receptor-effector system possibly coordinating a variety of inter- and intra-cellular responses.
Importance and Evaluation of Autoplaques in Clinical Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Pillich J. , Kazdová A. , Pulverer G.
Published: October 2008

The production of autoplaques in clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is very frequent andcauses considerable difficulties in work with these cultures, especially during their evaluation. There are optimum media for the demonstration of this type of autolysis. We have succeeded in the isolation of stable AP+ and AP- cultures. Under the effect of passages and different media, the majority of cultures changed the irability of autolysis. Hospitals, waste-baskets, sinks, etc. represent reservoirs of AP+ strains of P. aeruginosa. In older cultures, cells surviving within the autoplaques may be isolated more easily than those from a culture of the same age but without autolysis. The protective effect of autolysis on some P. aeruginosa cells cannot be excluded.
Veränderungen der Plasmakreatinkinaseaktivität durch Coxsackievirusinfektion bei Mäusen
Authors: Blumöhr T. , Klöcking R. , Sprössig M.
Published: October 2008

Experimental virus myocarditis was induced after subjecting 12–14-month-old albino mice (strain AB × A Jax) to physical exercise (swimming), and infection with Coxsackie virus A9 strain Lerner No. 13. Virus could be isolated from the hearts of infected mice. On day 3 post infection, 94%, and on day 6, 91% of the isolates were positive. If compared to non infected mice, the activity of plasma creatine kinase of infected animals rose considerably. It is suggested that the accelerated release of the enzyme from the heart muscle is due to a decrease in cell membrane stability following virus-cell interaction. Whether or not infection and damage of cardiac muscles has taken place can thus be determined by measuring plasma creatine kinase activity.
Influence of Chemical Sympathectomy on Endotoxin Lethality in Young Rats
Authors: Agarwal M.K.
Published: October 2008

These studies were aimed to assessing the contribution of catecholamine imbalance in the lethal activity of bacterial endotoxins. Chemical sympathectomy in newborn rats by either guanethidine, bretylium tosylate, or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) did not alter the survival of animals as compared to saline-pretreated newborn rats challenged with endotoxin. Tolerance to endotoxin lethality could be established in 6-OHDA-treated baby rats at least as well as in saline-injected controls. Since cortisone protected the 6-OHDA-pretreated sucklings against the lethal effects of endotoxin, it seems that the protective ability of the hormone is not an effect of the known anticatecholamine-like activity of the gluco-corticoids. All evidence indicates that endotoxins, like corticosteroids, directly influence a common receptor/effector system capable of committing the direction of homeostasis in the hepatic tissue.
Pancreatitis of Mice Infected with Encephalomyocarditis Virus
Authors: Burch G.E. , Tsui C.Y. , Harb J.M.
Published: October 2008

Morphologic changes in the pancreas of mice infected with encephalomyocarditis virus were studied to learn of the pathogenesis of viral pancreatitis. Viral crystals with associated cell injury including necrosis were noted in both acinar and islet cells of the pancreas of newborn and adult mice. Pathologic changes included scattered individual or focal cell necrosis of varying degrees of damage of both the acinar and islet cells. Mild to extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and edema were noted. It is suggested that the virus directly invaded the cells of parenchymatous tissue of the pancreas. A possible relationship between the damage noted and diabetes mellitus is discussed.
Spontane Regression von Ehrlich-Aszites-Tumor durch Pneumokokkeninfektion
Authors: Krasemann Christina , Müller Hans-E.
Published: October 2008

NMRI mice normally died 3 weeks after an intraperitoneal transplantation of 2 × 104 Ehrlich ascites tumour cells. If they were, however, injected intraperitoneally with about 380 pneumococci 18 h after tumour transplantation and if theinfection was cured with penicillin, almost 60’% of the animals failed to develop tumour. This result is highly significant (p = 0.00079).
Immunocompetent Cells in Man
Authors: Wu Anya Shih , Algom David , Richter Maxwell
Published: October 2008

Circulating lymphocytes obtained from normal adults have been fractionated by centrifugation in a discontinuous BSA gradient. Five fractions of lymphocytes were obtained. The bulk of the small lymphocyte population segregated in two fractions of intermediate density and in the pellet. Cells in all five of the fractions responded with blastogenesis and mitosis to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. On the other hand, only four of the fractions responded to stimulation with ALS and three to stimulation with allogeneic cells. Only two fractions responded to stimulation with PPD. Investigations are aimed at demonstrating whether the cells in each active fraction can be further fractionated to yield cells capable of responding to stimulation with only one or two of the mitogenic agents used.
Response of Vertebral Cartilage and Bone to Hormonal Imbalances Produced by Anterior Hypophyseal Hormones and Hypothyroidism
Authors: Silberberg Ruth
Published: October 2008

The response of lumbar vertebrae to hormonal imbalances, caused by administration of somatotrophin, prolactin, propylthiouracil and radioactive iodine 131I was investigated in male or female mice of strains C57Bl or Dba. The pituitary hormones given during the growth period and shortly thereafter did not alter the incidence but increased the severity of spondylosis and thus facilitated the tracing of the stepwise evolution of the lesions from residual cartilage of the growth zones. Other lesions arose from calcific foci at the insertion of the annulus at the vertebral margin. Propylthiouracil retarded developmental processes in growth zones and metaphyses, attenuated the aging changes in the intervertebral discs, decreased the incidence of spondylosis, but intensified the development of vertebral epiphyses. Disc prolapse remained unaffected by the hormonal imbalances. The reaction of vertebral cartilage and bone was generally attenuated as compared to the response of the long bones to hormonal stimulation.
Bacteriocine Production in Group B Streptococci
Authors: Tzannetis S. , Poulaki-Tsontou Angeliki , Papavassiliou J.
Published: October 2008

The bacteriocinogeny of 45 bovine and human group B streptococci strains was studied. All 45 strains were examined as producers and indicators. Of the 45 strains tested, 30 (66.6 %) were bacteriocinogenic and 30 (66.6%) were sensitive to bacteriocines. Generally, group B streptococci were weak bacteriocine producers. Bacteriocinogeny and sensitivity to bacteriocines may coexist in the same organism, but sensitivity to a homologous bacteriocine was never observed. Inhibitory activity of bovine strains against other bovine and human strains was stronger than that exerted by strains of human origin. The spectra of activity of the strains tested were narrow. In one strong bacteriocinogenic strain, loss of bacteriocinogeny was observed. Hemolysin production by this particular strain remained unaffected.
Cryoglobulinic Serum Containing Antibodies Immobilizing T. Pallidum
Authors: Jobbagy A. , Kiraly K.
Published: October 2008

In a patient with cryoglobulinaemia treated previously for syphilis, the serological reactivity of the whole and cryoglobulin-free serum, of the cryoglobulin, and the components of the latter were examined. The distribution and the reactivity of antibodies according to immunoglobulin classes were compared. The rheuma latex agglutination, TPI and FTA tests were positive, both in the whole and the cryoglobulin-free serum. The rheumatoid factor was found in the IgM fraction, FTA antibodies in the IgM and IgG fractions, and immobilizin in the IgG fraction. The cryoglobulin was composed of IgM and IgG molecules in a ratio of 1:4. The majority of the rheumatoid factor, as compared with the whole serum, precipitated with the cryoglobulin. The treponemicidal effect of cryoglobulin, referred to 1 mg IgG, was considerably higher than that of the whole serum. Calculated by the treponemicidal effect of the cryoglobulin, not more than 2.3 × 103 molecules, i.e. about 300 target spots on the surface of treponemes were found to be necessary to kill a single cell of T. pallidum.