bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of adsorption efficiencies of biopolymer-based composites of chitosan with a sulfonic acid functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid for elimination of organic dyes in wastewater
Authors: Paul Subham , Gogoi Amlan Jyoti , Dev Krishna , Handique Prapti Priyam , Bora Debanga Bhusan , Kalita Sangeeta , Borah Ruli
Published: December 2024

Bio-polymer based composites of chitosan and a N-SO3H functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid were developed as sustainable adsorbent materials for adsorption of dyes from aqueous solution.
Depolymerization of lignin into cycloalkanes over a hydrotalcite-derived NiFe alloy catalyst
Authors: Jiao Hairui , Sang Yushuai , Chen Hong , Li Yongdan
Published: December 2024

Herein, an Ni9Fe1/NiAlOz catalyst is reported to be an efficient catalyst for conversion of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) and 2-phenethyl phenyl ether (PPE), a lignin dimer model compound.
Enhancing CO2 photocatalytic reduction with a novel polymer catalyst: inducing reactive C–N bond formation through altered thermodynamic trends and exploring reduction kinetics
Authors: Shang Xiaofang , Lian Zheng , Li Jiaqi , Ding Jie , Zhong Qin
Published: December 2024

This work presents an eco-friendly Na2CO3-modified photocatalyst fabricated via the optimization of thermodynamic bonding during polymerization with improved mass and energy transfer.
Improving the cycling stability and rate performance of an aqueous sodium-ion supercapattery via mitigating metal dissolution and boosting conductivity by anchoring FePBA on rGO
Authors: Gupta Sheetal , Singh Mayank K. , Krishnan Sarathkumar , Bhowmik Suporna , Singh Khushwant , Rai Dhirendra K.
Published: December 2024

Integration of FePBA with rGO boosts conductivity and suppresses Fe ion dissolution, enabling the FePBA/rGO composite to achieve 435 C g−1 capacity, 91% retention over 10 k cycles, and an excellent energy-power balance: 62.32 Wh kg−1 at 9 kW kg−1.
Quercetin nanocrystal-loaded alginate hydrogel patch for wound healing applications
Authors: Nayak Malay , Kumar Vivek , Banerjee Durba , Pradhan Lipi , Kamath Prajwal , Mukherjee Sudip
Published: December 2024

A quercetin nanocrystal containing alginate hydrogel patch demonstrates rapid wound healing of skin wounds in rat and mouse models.
Solid bromine complexing agents: long-term solution for corrosive conditions in redox-flow battery
Authors: Saadi Kobby , Flack Raphael , Bourbo Valery , Elazari Ran , Zitoun David
Published: December 2024

Herein, we report on a SOLID bromine complexing agent for bromine catholyte of redox-flow batteries. Phase separation from the electrolyte enables safe, efficient and stable energy storage for more than 250 cycles.
Aided Communication With Individuals Who Have Multiple Disabilities That Include Visual Impairments: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nattress Naomi , Gevarter Cindy , Nannemann Allison , Martinez Elizabeth , Binger Cathy
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

Despite several decades of research focused on improving early symbolic communication for individuals with multiple disabilities, relatively limited focus has been placed on individuals who also have visual impairments. To establish what is currently known about aided language adaptations for this population, a meta-analysis was conducted to examine augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention approaches for individuals with multiple disabilities that include visual impairments.

Method:

Six relevant databases were systematically searched. Seven hundred eighty-nine articles were narrowed to eight intervention studies that met the design standards set for this review.

Results:

Of the eight intervention studies that met design standards, five used modified versions of the Picture Exchange Communication System and three used a combination of approaches such as communication partner instruction plus environmental arrangement. Most studies used low-tech AAC such as tangible symbols, photo cues, and communication books, and most focused on improving independent requesting. Overall, the studies indicated positive findings for increasing pragmatic language skills such as requesting, turn-taking, and student-to-peer interactions. However, the total number of participants across studies was extremely limited (i.e., 19 participants total). Clearly, much additional research is required to devise adequate accommodations for individuals with multiple disabilities, including visual impairments, and to expand communicative functions beyond simple requests.

Conclusions:

The use of visual impairment accommodations appeared largely effective for the included aided AAC interventions, although consultation with visual impairment specialists was not consistently reported across the included studies. More rigorous research must occur within this population to better inform clinical practice and future studies.
Preliminary Examination of the Stability of Sequential Associations Between the Talk of Educators and Autistic Preschoolers Using Generalizability Theory
Authors: Ford Andrea L. B. , Elmquist Marianne , Johnson LeAnne D. , Tapp Jon
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

Estimating the sequential associations between educators' and children's talk during language learning interactions requires careful consideration of factors that may impact measurement stability and resultant inferences. This research note will describe a preliminary study that used generalizability theory to understand the contribution of two measurement conditions—
occasions
and
raters
—on estimates of sequential associations between educator talk and autistic preschooler talk in inclusive preschool classrooms.

Method:

We used an existing data set of four 15-min video-recorded occasions of educator–child interactions for 11 autistic preschoolers during free-play in their inclusive classroom. Two trained raters coded all videos for preschooler talk and type of educator talk (i.e., opportunities for expressive language [OELs], other talk). We conducted two generalizability studies on sequential association estimates for two interaction directions (i.e., preschooler talk following educator OEL and educator talk following preschooler talk). We conducted a series of decision studies to explore configurations of measurement conditions to optimize future investigations.

Results:

We had unstable estimates for both interaction directions in our current methodological approach, with raters accounting for minimal error and occasions accounting for considerable error. Future investigations would require at least six observation occasions for stable estimates of the sequential association between autistic preschooler talk following educator OEL that was stable after six occasions. More than 15 occasions were required for stable estimates of the association between educator talk following autistic preschooler talk.

Conclusion:

We will share recommendations and implications for future investigations to estimate educator and child talk sequential associations within preschool language interactions.
The Influence of Diet on Perceived Voice Fatigue in Professional Voice Users: An Exploratory Survey
Authors: Fletcher T. Laine , Plexico Laura W. , Hoch Matthew , Sandage Mary J.
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this investigation was to understand if diet, particularly diets that are low in animal sources of creatine, which is one substrate important for muscle metabolism, may play a role in the perception of voice fatigue in vocal performers.

Method:

Individuals who use their voice professionally as performers were recruited for an online survey that collected demographic information, vocal performance metrics, and dietary details regarding the number of servings of animal protein per week. Participants were also asked to complete three standardized, validated vocal function questionnaires. All data were descriptively analyzed. Reported diet, hydration, and hours of performance per week were compared with vocal function questionnaire scores.

Results:

A clear link between dietary intake of animal sourced creatine and perception of voice tiredness as measured with vocal function questionnaires was not observed. Increased reported hydration appeared to have slightly lower perception of voice tiredness. Volunteers who reported higher vocal performance hours per week tended to score higher on the vocal function questionnaire regarding voice tiredness measures.

Conclusions:

Diet absent or low in creatine does not appear to have a meaningful effect on the experience of vocal fatigue in vocal performers. Higher water intake indicated somewhat lower perceived voice fatigue and hours of reported vocal performance per week indicated somewhat higher perceived voice fatigue, both results of which are consistent with clinical and empirical observations.
Virtual reality‐based preoperative planning for optimized trocar placement in thoracic surgery: A preliminary study
Authors: Harirpoush Arash , Rakovich George , Kersten‐Oertel Marta , Xiao Yiming
Published: December 2024

Video‐assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is a minimally invasive approach for treating early‐stage non‐small‐cell lung cancer. Optimal trocar placement during VATS ensures comprehensive access to the thoracic cavity, provides a panoramic endoscopic view, and prevents instrument crowding. While established principles such as the Baseball Diamond Principle (BDP) and Triangle Target Principle (TTP) exist, surgeons mainly rely on experience and patient‐specific anatomy for trocar placement, potentially leading to sub‐optimal surgical plans that increase operative time and fatigue. To address this, the authors present the first virtual reality (VR)‐based pre‐operative planning tool with tailored data visualization and interaction designs for efficient and optimal VATS trocar placement, following the established surgical principles and consultation with an experienced surgeon. In the preliminary study, the system's application in right upper lung lobectomy is demonstrated, a common thoracic procedure typically using three trocars. A preliminary user study of the system indicates it is efficient, robust, and user‐friendly for planning optimal trocar placement, with a great promise for clinical application while offering potentially valuable insights for the development of other surgical VR systems.
A novel strategy for optimal data replication in peer‐to‐peer networks based on a multi‐objective optimisation – NSGA‐II algorithm
Authors: Samimi Abouzar , Goudarzi Maryam
Published: December 2024

A peer‐to‐peer (P2P) network is defined as a distributed network in which nodes with similar characteristics exchange data with others. Efficient data sharing in P2P systems is essentially faced with challenges due to uncertainties of erratic node failures and unreliable network connectivity. Data replication on multiple nodes can improve availability and alleviate latency. However, the number of created replicas and the corresponding location of these replicas need to be determined optimally. In this paper, a novel framework for data replication is proposed in P2P networks, in which optimal allocations are achieved based on the two objectives including the minimisation of delay and maximisation of hit rate of queries. The proposed model finds allocations that specify the number and location of each replica of existing files in the network based on two considered objectives. A multi‐objective technique based on the Non‐Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA‐II) algorithm is utilised to solve the proposed model and to extract non‐dominated Pareto‐optimal solutions of the allocations. Finally, one of the allocations of the obtained Pareto optimal set is applied to the network and the delay and hit rate of queries pertaining to this situation is compared with two models: i) initial model of the network, that is, the state where there is no replica of the files except the original version of the file, and ii) the random replication model to verify the efficiency of the presented method. All simulations in this paper have been done using C++ programming language.
Bayesian insights into the Tycho supernova remnant: A detailed mapping of ejecta properties
Authors: Godinaud L. , Acero F. , Decourchelle A. , Ballet J.
Published: December 2024

Context. While Tycho’s supernova remnant (SNR) is one of the most studied type Ia Galactic SNRs, a global view of the physical properties of its ejecta is lacking to be able to understand its mysteries. In particular, the spatial distribution of the Si-rich ejecta line- of-sight velocity presents a unexplained large-scale asymmetry, with the north dominantly blueshifted and the south redshifted.

Aims. To investigate the origin of this line-of-sight velocity asymmetry in the ejecta and its current dynamics, we carried out a detailed X-ray spatially resolved spectral analysis of the entire shocked ejecta in Tycho’s SNR to determine the physical properties of its various components. This study is based on the archival deep X-ray observations from the Chandra space telescope.

Methods. The spatially resolved spectral analysis in 211 regions over the entire SNR is based on a tessellation method applied to the line-of-sight velocity map. We modelled the ejecta emission with two thermal non-equilibrium ionisation components of different compositions for intermediate-mass elements (IME) and iron-rich ejecta. We included Doppler shift and line broadening and added a power law for the synchrotron emission, and additional constraints. A Bayesian tool was used to conduct the fitting, using a nested sampling algorithm. This allowed us to us to obtain a complete view of the statistical landscape.

Results. We provide maps of the physical parameters of the various components across the SNR ejecta. The Doppler shift map spectrally confirms the large-scale north-south asymmetry in the line-of-sight velocity that was obtained from a general morphological component analysis. We reveal different spatial distributions of temperature and ionisation time for IMEs and for iron-rich ejecta, but none of these maps shows a structure associated with the large-scale north-south asymmetry in the line-of-sight velocity distribution. In the IME component, we observed an overall anti-correlation between the temperature and ionisation time that could arise from different ionisation histories. The abundance maps show spatial variations, depending on the element, perhaps due to an origin in different layers during the explosion. We compare these abundances with some nucleosynthesis models. In addition, we observe for the first time an emission line at 0.654 keV possibly related to oxygen. Its spatial distribution differs from the other elements, so this line may arise in the ambient medium.
Discovery of a Lyα blob photo-ionised by a super-cluster of massive stars associated with a z = 3.49 galaxy
Authors: Zarattini S. , Rodríguez-Espinosa J. M. , Muñoz-Tuñón C. , Mas-Hesse J. M. , Arrabal Haro P.
Published: December 2024

Aims. We report the discovery and characterisation of a Lyman α (Lyα) blob close to a galaxy at redshift z = 3.49. We present the analysis we performed to check whether the companion galaxy could be the source of the ionised photons responsible for the Lyα emission from the blob.

Methods. We used images obtained from the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) telescope that are part of the Survey of High-z Absorption Red and Dead Sources (SHARDS) project. The blob is only visible in the F551W17 filter, centred around the Lyα line at the redshift of the galaxy. We measured the luminosity of the blob with a two-step procedure. Here, we start with a description of the radial surface-brightness (SB) profile of the galaxy, using a Sérsic function. We then removed this model from the SB profile of the blob and measured the luminosity of the blob alone. We also estimated the Lyα continuum of the galaxy using an Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) image from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the F606W filter, which is wider than the SHARDS one and centred at about the same wavelength. In this image, the galaxy is visible, but the blob is not detected, since its Lyα emission is diluted in the larger wavelength range of the F606W filter.

Results. We find that the Lyα luminosity of the blob is 1.0 × 1043 erg s−1, in agreement with other Lyα blobs reported in the literature. The luminosity of the galaxy in the same filter is 2.9 × 1042 erg s−1. The luminosity within the HST/ACS image that we used to estimate the Lyα continuum emission is Lcont = 1.1 × 1043 erg s−1. With these values, we have been able to estimate the Lyα equivalent width (EW), found to be 111 Å (rest-frame). This value is in good agreement with the literature and suggests that a super-cluster of massive (1 − 2 × 107 M⊙) and young (2 − 4 Myr) stars could be responsible for the ionisation of the blob. We also used two other methods to estimate the luminosity of the galaxy and the blob to assess the robustness of our results. We find a reasonable agreement that supports our conclusions. It is worth noting that the Lyα blob is spatially decoupled from the galaxy by 3 GTC/SHARDS pixels, corresponding to 5.7 kpc at the redshift of the objects. This misalignment could suggest the presence of an ionised cone of material escaping from the galaxy, as found in nearby galaxies such as M 82.
Tomographic cluster clustering as a cosmological probe
Authors: Romanello M. , Marulli F. , Moscardini L. , Giocoli C. , Lesci G. F. , Contarini S. , Fumagalli A. , Sartoris B.
Published: December 2024

The spatial distribution of galaxy clusters is a valuable probe for inferring fundamental cosmological parameters. We measured the clustering properties of dark matter haloes from the PINOCCHIO simulations in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 1.0 and with virial masses Mvir > 1014 M⊙ h−1, which reproduce the expected mass selection of galaxy cluster samples. The past light cones we analysed have an angular size of 60 degrees, which approximately corresponds to one-quarter of the sky. We adopted a linear power spectrum model, accounting for non-linear corrections at the scale of baryon acoustic oscillations, to perform a comparative study between 3D and 2D tomographic clustering. For this purpose, we modelled the multipoles of the 3D two-point correlation function, ξ(s); the angular correlation function, w(θ); and the angular power spectrum, Cℓ. We considered observational effects such as redshift-space distortions produced by the peculiar velocities of tracers, and redshift errors. We found that photo-z errors have a more severe consequence on 3D clustering than on 2D clustering, as they affect only the radial separation between haloes and not the angular separation, with a relevant impact on the 3D multipoles. Using a Bayesian analysis, we explored the posterior distributions of the considered probes with different tomographic strategies, in the Ωm − σ8 plane, focusing on the summary parameter S8 ≡ σ8√Ωm/0.3. Our results show that in the presence of large photo-z errors the 2D clustering can provide competitive cosmological constraints with respect to the full 3D clustering statistics, and can be successfully applied to analyse the galaxy cluster catalogues from the ongoing and forthcoming Stage III and Stage IV photometric redshift surveys.
Crab pulsar: IXPE observations reveal unified polarization properties in the optical and soft X-ray bands
Authors: González-Caniulef Denis , Heyl Jeremy , Fabiani Sergio , Soffitta Paolo , Costa Enrico , Bucciantini Niccolò , Kirmizibayrak Demet , Xie Fei
Published: December 2024

We present a phase-dependent analysis of the polarized emission from the Crab pulsar based on three sets of observations by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). We found that a phenomenological model involving a simple linear transformation of the Stokes parameters adequately describes the IXPE data. This model enabled us to establish a connection between the polarization properties of the Crab pulsar in the optical and soft X-ray bands for the first time, which suggests a common underlying emission mechanism in these bands that likely is synchrotron radiation. In particular, the phase-dependent polarization degree in X-rays for the pure pulsar emission shows similar features, but is reduced by a factor ≈(0.46 − 0.56) compared to the optical band (when we accounted for the contribution of the knot in the optical), which implies an energy-dependent polarized emission. Using this model, we also studied the polarization angle swing in the X-rays and identified a potentially variable phase shift at the interpulse relative to the optical band, alongside a phase shift that is marginally consistent with zero and persists at the main pulse. While the origin of this variability is unknown and presents a new challenge for the theoretical interpretation, our findings suggest that the emission mechanism for the main pulse is likely located far from the neutron star surface, perhaps near to or beyond the light cylinder, and that it does not operate in the inner magnetosphere, where vacuum birefringence is expected to be at work. Ignoring the phase shifts would result in identical phase-dependent polarization angles between the optical and X-ray bands for the pure pulsar emission.
The effect of a biosphere on the habitable timespan of stagnant-lid planets and implications for the atmospheric spectrum
Authors: Höning Dennis , Carone Ludmila , Baumeister Philipp , Chubb Kathy L. , Grenfell John Lee , Hakim Kaustubh , Iro Nicolas , Taysum Benjamin , Tosi Nicola
Published: December 2024

Temperature-dependent biological productivity controls silicate weathering and thereby extends the potential habitable timespan of Earth. Models and theoretical considerations indicate that the runaway greenhouse on Earth-like exoplanets is generally accompanied by a dramatic increase in atmospheric H2O and CO2, which might be observed with the upcoming generation of space telescopes. If an active biosphere extends the habitable timespan of exoplanets similarly to Earth, observing the atmospheric spectra of exoplanets near the inner edge of the habitable zone could then give insights into whether the planet is inhabited. Here, we explore this idea for Earth-like stagnant-lid planets. We find that while for a reduced mantle, a surface biosphere extends the habitable timespan of the planet by about 1 Gyr, for more oxidising conditions, the biologically enhanced rate of weathering becomes increasingly compensated for by an increased supply rate of CO2 to the atmosphere. Observationally, the resulting difference in atmospheric CO2 near the inner edge of the habitable zone is clearly distinguishable between biotic planets with active weathering and abiotic planets that have experienced a runaway greenhouse. For an efficient hydrological cycle, the increased bioproductivity also leads to a CH4 biosignature observable with JWST. As the planet becomes uninhabitable, the H2O infrared absorption bands dominate, but the 4.3-µm CO2 band remains a clear window into the CO2 abundances. In summary, while the effect of life on the carbonate-silicate cycle leaves a record in the atmospheric spectrum of Earth-like stagnant-lid planets, future work is needed especially to determine the tectonic state and composition of exoplanets and to push forward the development of the next generation of space telescopes.
4FGL J1544.2−2554: A new spider pulsar candidate
Authors: Karpova A. V. , Zharikov S. V. , Zyuzin D. A. , Kirichenko A. Yu. , Shibanov Yu. A. , Márquez I. F.
Published: December 2024

Context. Spider pulsars are millisecond pulsars in tight binary systems in which a low-mass companion star is heated and ablated by the pulsar wind. Observations of these objects allow one to study stellar evolution with the formation of millisecond pulsars and the physics of superdense matter in neutron stars. However, spiders are rare due to difficulties related to their discovery when using typical radio search techniques. The Fermiγ-ray source 4FGL J1544.2−2554 was recently proposed as a pulsar candidate, and its likely X-ray and optical counterparts, with the galactic coordinates l ≈ 344.​​°76, b ≈ 22.​​°59 and the magnitude G ≈ 20.6, were found using the eROSITA and Gaia surveys.

Aims. Our goals are to study whether the source is a new spider pulsar and to estimate its fundamental parameters.

Methods. We performed the first optical time series multi-band photometry of the object. We used the Lomb-Scargle periodogram to search for its brightness periodicity and fitted its light curves with a model of direct heating of the binary companion by the pulsar wind.

Results. The source shows a strong brightness variability with a period of ≈2.724 h and an amplitude of ≳2.5 mag, and its light curves have a single broad peak per period. These features are typical for spider pulsars. The curves are well fitted by the direct heating model, resulting in an orbit inclination of the presumed spider system of ≈83°, a companion mass of ≈0.1 M⊙, ‘day-side’ and ‘night-side’ temperatures of ≈7200 K and ≈3000 K, a Roche lobe filling factor of ≈0.65, and a distance of ≈2.1 kpc.

Conclusions. Our findings suggest that 4FGL J1544.2−2554 is a spider pulsar. This result encourages the search for pulsar millisecond pulsations in radio and γ-rays to confirm its nature.
CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs
Authors: Cifuentes C. , Caballero J. A. , González-Payo J. , Amado P. J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Burgasser A. J. , Cortés-Contreras M. , Lodieu N. , Montes D. , Quirrenbach A. , Reiners A. , Ribas I. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Seifert W. , Zapatero Osorio M. R.
Published: December 2024

Context. Multiplicity studies greatly benefit from focusing on M dwarfs because they are often paired in a variety of configurations with both stellar and substellar objects, including exoplanets.

Aims. We aim to address the observed multiplicity of M dwarfs by conducting a systematic analysis using the latest available astropho-tometric data.

Methods. For every star in a sample of 2214 M dwarfs from the CARMENES catalogue, we investigated the existence of resolved and unresolved physical companions in the literature and in all-sky surveys, especially in Gaia DR3 data products. We covered a very wide range of separations, from known spectroscopic binaries in tight arrangements (~0.01 au) to remarkably separated ultra-wide pairs (~105 au).

Results. We identified 835 M dwarfs in 720 multiple systems, predominantly binaries. Thus, we propose 327 new binary candidates based on Gaia data. If these candidates are finally confirmed, we expect the multiplicity fraction of M dwarfs to be 40.3−2.0+2.1%. When only considering the systems already identified, the multiplicity fraction is reduced to 27.8−1.8+1.9%. This result is in line with most of the values published in the literature. We also identified M-dwarf multiple systems with FGK, white dwarf, ultra-cool dwarf, and exoplanet companions, as well as those in young stellar kinematic groups. We studied their physical separations, orbital periods, binding energies, and mass ratios.

Conclusions. We argue that based on reliable astrometric data and spectroscopic investigations from the literature (even when considering detection biases), the multiplicity fraction of M dwarfs could still be significantly underestimated. This calls for further high-resolution follow-up studies to validate these findings.
Role of Artificial Inteligence (AI) in Sports
Authors: Antalamarad Namrata Mohan , Upadhye Jyoti
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an essential enabler in different fields, and its significance in sports has acted up as a revolution to the enhancement of players’ performance, audience interaction, and strategies for tournaments. In cricket, football and kabaddi the role played by AI has been enormous by helping in analysis, predictions and prevention of injuries. In cricket, AI assist the team in analyzing performance, recognizing the pattern of each player, analyzing the pitch condition, and the strategies of bowling and batting using videos. In football, AI data from player positioning, movements, and games are helpful to a coach in devising the best strategies and even predicting the outcome of the games. The AI in the case of the sport of kabaddi is primarily centred towards the player tracking, match prediction, and opponent behaviour analysis that help in making the training methodology and the overall gameplay strategies better. This paper aims to understand the roles of AI in these sports as well as its relevance to decision-making processes, strategy, and performance improvement. In evaluating the current state and future possibilities of AI, this work shows how AI can transform sports analysis and the way teams compete.
Air Quality Prediction in Beijing: Machine and Deep Learning Analysis
Authors: Das Shuvendu , Singh Karanvir , Kaur Kiranjeet
Published: December 2024

In densely populated urban hubs like Beijing, the presence of PM2.5, a critical air quality metric, poses significant hazards to human health and the environment. This study delves into predictive modeling approaches for forecasting PM2.5 concentrations in response to escalating concerns.We analyze a wide range of approaches, including RDF, CNN, STM and fundamental statistical techniques, by closely analyzing Beijing’s PM2.5 concentrations and historical meteorological information. According to our research, CNN outperforms LSTM and shows excellent accuracy in forecasting PM2.5 levels. While random forest and linear regression exhibit competitiveness, their predictive prowess falls short in comparison. Conversely, less precise statistical techniques reliant on mean pollution levels are employed. The research outcomes offer significant insights to environmental authorities and policymakers regarding the effectiveness of various predictive modeling strategies for PM2.5 forecasting. Particularly noteworthy are the remarkable capabilities of deep learning techniques, notably CNN and LSTM, in discerning intricate correlations within environmental datasets. These strategies have the potential to address the urgent problem of air pollution and lessen its detrimental impact on both human health and the environment by increasing the precision of air quality predictions.
Artificial Intelligence Driven Accounting: Benefits, Risks, And The Road Ahead
Authors: Kale Nilesh
Published: December 2024

The digital revolution has peaked with AI infusion in the workspace. This has caused immense convenience to the people who use AI tools for their everyday tasks. The same has potential risks associated with AI’s existence. This study explores the use of AI in accounting, auditing and finance sector and how it could impact the accounting procedures and financial operations. This is an exploratory study based on secondary data collected to give analytical evidence to the theoretical ideas proposed. This study proposes to answers the questions like can we use AI to detect accounting frauds? Will it raise complications? The study also proposes AI Deception Cycle (AI-DC) where AI enters into a puzzle created by itself and fails to work on it. This study aims at identifying major challenges and offer theoretical ways that accounting and finance experts can practice in order to mitigate risks as they exploit the use of AI effectively in their operations.
Impact of AI and Machine Learning on Financial Services
Authors: Patil Smita , Mailcontractor Rahul
Published: December 2024

Advanced data analytics, automation, and predictive tools powered by AI (Artificial Intelligence) and Machine Learning (ML) are reshaping the global financial services sector, promoting innovation and enhancing efficiency across the sector. Digital financial transactions have surged dramatically, making efficient, secure operations and data-driven decision-making more critical than ever. From retail banking to investment firms, financial organizations are progressively implementing AI and ML technologies to improve decision-making and enhance the customer experience. Complex financial issues such as fraud detection, risk management, credit scoring and algorithmic trading can be addressed using devices like AI and ML. AI and ML however bring challenges related to regulation, ethics, and operations with its rapid rise. This research is carried out know the effect of AI and ML on financial services industry across it’s different domains. The purpose of this research is to explore the implementation of AI and ML across various domains of financial service sector and its effect on wider financial ecosystem by examining the opportunities and challenges, emerging areas, finest practices and scope of future research. This study will provide transformational prospects of AI and ML in the financial service industry.
“The role of ai-driven social media marketing in shaping consumer purchasing behaviour: An empirical analysis of personalization, predictive analytics, and engagement”
Authors: Patil Ruturaj , K Shivashankar , Porapur Shantavva M. , Kagawade Shivanand
Published: December 2024

Here we discuss and analyse the effects that interaction tools, personalization, and predictive analysis in AI SMM have on customer buying behaviour are discussed and analyzed. Use of AI selected advertisements can reach conversion levels of between 200% to 300% simply from an extra touch point with a client. Marketing effectiveness may be improved by trend forecasting with an overall increase of 20 percent and while analytics may increase ROI in marketing.The commonly used technologies like chatbots and social listening are currently dominating as the technologies capable of engaging in real-time interactions with the consumer which can have a massively impacting feature in their decisions to purchase a product or not. Nonetheless, while the benefits of such AI tools is apparent, customers have trust and security issues regarding data and are consuming more transparent AI. This study focuses on how traditional marketing has been impacted by AI/ML/Big Data and also provides some caveats including geographical preference and the sort of AI discussed in the study. There is a need for future studies to delve deeper into the nuts and bolts of particular AI features, the dynamics of consumer decision making over time, as well as the contextual factors in which the consumer responses take place. In a nutshell, on the basis of the findings, the study corroborates the premise the use of AI can enhance customer experience and redefine marketing strategies.
ESG Information Disclosure in China’s New Energy Vehicle Industry: A case study of BYD
Authors: Zhang Jiali
Published: December 2024

This study examines the importance of corporate sustainable development and its ESG (environmental, social, and governance) disclosure in the context of global climate change and resource scarcity. Taking BYD, a leading company in China’s new energy vehicle industry, as an example, this study analyzes the current status of its ESG disclosure. Although BYD has regularly published social responsibility reports since 2010 and has performed well in global ESG ratings, China’s ESG evaluation system is still relatively simple. It needs the support of comprehensive laws and regulations. This study examines BYD’s disclosure of environmental information, social responsibility, and corporate governance through case studies and points out the problems of selective reporting content and insufficient data support. Based on this, it is suggested that ESG legislation be strengthened, uniform disclosure standards be developed, China’s national conditions and dual-carbon targets be considered, and a third-party assessment mechanism be introduced to promote the high-quality development of new energy automotive enterprises and global green transformation.
China’s Electric Vehicle Market: Issues and Solutions
Authors: Wang Yumeng
Published: December 2024

The Chinese electric vehicle (EV) market has emerged as a global leader, with an estimated value of $305.57 billion in 2024, projected to grow to $674.27 billion by 2029. However, despite this promising outlook, the industry faces several economic and financial challenges, such as high production costs, market overcapacity, reliance on government subsidies, and consumer preferences for traditional brands. High production costs, particularly associated with battery technology, pose a significant barrier to affordability and widespread adoption. Additionally, market overcapacity leads to increased competition and potential bankruptcies among smaller firms. The heavy reliance on government subsidies, while initially successful in driving demand, raises concerns about market dependency and sustainability in the long run. Furthermore, consumer preferences in China tend to favour established international brands, which presents challenges for domestic manufacturers striving for brand recognition and consumer trust. This essay examines these critical issues and proposes practical solutions to maintain sustainable growth. Strategies such as investment in technological innovation, forming strategic partnerships, transitioning from direct subsidies to infrastructure investments, and establishing unified standards are discussed as potential approaches to overcoming these challenges. By adopting these solutions, China can maintain its leadership in the global EV market and achieve sustainable growth.
Research on the Influence of Monopoly Behavior on Consumers and Marketing Strategy—Take Monopoly Comparison between Alibaba and Amazon as an Example
Authors: Yang Hanxiao
Published: December 2024

Monopoly is the only way that corporations can lead to profit-maximizing. As the Internet gathers pace, recent years witnessed a tremendous bloom in the number of monopolies by manipulating digital technology, which occupies the main market share that controls the economy in society. In the introduction, the author takes Coca-Cola as an example, using data to show significant results. The paper looks forward to utilizing two e-commerce companies as examples and comparing them to reflect the influence of monopoly by different marketing strategies on consumers. Secondly, the author gives a detailed description of Alibaba and Amazon, including the time setting up, marketing strategies, and a rough of how they monopolize and eventually get punished. In the third paragraph, there are two similarities and differences between Alibaba and Amazon. Top management all grasp the trends of the times, which gives them enough time to dominate the market earlier. More importantly, these two companies abuse the dominant market position by using illegal methods to restrict competition, striking the infant. Obviously, the core business operating model of Alibaba is B2B, which becomes the transaction platform between raw materials and manufacturing companies. Amazon is totally different, and its main customers are individuals. This has allowed Amazon to expand the company globally, serving consumer groups and delivering products everywhere. Alibaba become a leading Chinese e-commerce platform. Monopolistic behaviors must draw a lot of problems, and at the end of the paper, the author will demonstrate the corresponding suggestions for each problem.
Business Model and Development of Korean Brokerage Companies
Authors: Xu Shanyu
Published: December 2024

The K-POP industry, with SM Entertainment, YG Entertainment, and HYBE as its titans, has been a driving force in South Korea’s cultural and economic landscape. These companies have not only shaped the careers of countless K-POP stars but have also navigated the complexities of the global music market with strategic acumen. The K-POP industry as a whole has been characterized by its ability to innovate and adapt to digital platforms, breaking records and engaging with fans worldwide through online concerts and social media. The genre has also been recognized for its cross-cultural collaborations, blending East and West to create a truly global sound. In conclusion, the K-POP industry’s future trends point towards continued digital innovation, strategic global expansion, and a focus on cross-cultural collaboration. The targeted development suggestions for these entertainment giants would be to further integrate technology into their business models, to continue fostering international collaborations, and to explore new revenue streams beyond music, such as NFTs and the metaverse, to future-proof their businesses in the evolving landscape of the global music industry.
Constrained Portfolio Optimization: Markowitz Model and Index Model
Authors: Wang Heran
Published: December 2024

Portfolio optimization is a crucial aspect of contemporary finance, facilitating the efficient balancing of risk and return for investors. In light of the intricate nature of actual investments, constrained portfolio optimization has assumed greater significance as a means of reflecting the practical realities of investment scenarios. Based on historical data, this study employs the Markowitz and Index models to optimize portfolios utilizing 24 years (2000-2024) of daily total return from 10 stocks across five sectors as well as the S&P 500 index. Several financial metrics are calculated, including annualized return, standard deviation, alpha, and beta. Five distinct constraints are applied to determine the minimum variance frontier, efficient frontier, and maximum Sharpe ratio for both models. The results indicate that an effective investment portfolio can reduce investment risk. Furthermore, constrained optimization yields portfolios with balanced risk and return characteristics, offering valuable insights for investors seeking practical strategies to manage risk within real-world limitations.
Messung von Einstellungen zur Versorgungsforschung von
Vertreter:innen deutscher Rehabilitationseinrichtungen: Die REHA-KNOWS
Studie
Authors: Fichtner Urs Alexander , Wimmesberger Nicole , Sehlbrede Matthias , Farin-Glattacker Erik
Published: December 2024

Ziel Die REHA-KNOWS-Studie exploriert die Wahrnehmung von
Praxisvertreter:innen südwestdeutscher Rehabilitationseinrichtungen hinsichtlich
(Versorgungs-)Forschung und zeigt Nutzen und Barrieren im Wissenstransfer aus
Sicht der Praxis auf. Hierfür wurde ein Instrument mit 12 5-stufigen Items
entwickelt, das in dieser Arbeit explorativ untersucht wird. Das Instrument
umfasst Aussagen über Nutzen, Aufwand und Mehrwert von Reha-Forschungsprojekten
sowie über Rahmenbedingungen in den Einrichtungen. Von März bis Mai 2023 wurden
Daten von Verterter:innen aus 206 Reha-Einrichtungen in Baden-Württemberg und im
Saarland mithilfe eines Online-Fragebogens gesammelt.

Methodik Es erfolgte eine deskriptive Analyse der
Verteilungseigenschaften. Weiterhin wurde eine explorative Faktorenanalyse
mittels Parallelanalyse nach Horn sowie Veliciers Minimum Average Partial zur
Bestimmung der zugrundeliegenden Faktorstruktur und Eindimensionalität
durchgeführt. Außerdem wurden Mann-Whitney-U-Tests berechnet zur Ermittlung von
Unterschieden in den Antworten zwischen den Vertreter:innen aus den Bereichen
Medizin, Pflege und Therapie und Personal mit administrativen und
Managementaufgaben.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wies das Instrument wenige fehlende Werte bei einer
akzeptablen Streuung und geringer Itemschwierigkeit auf. Boden- und
Deckeneffekte waren vernachlässigbar gering, traten aber bei drei Items auf.
Unterschiede im Antwortverhalten zwischen den Berufsgruppen ergaben sich
deskriptiv für die Items 2, 10 und 12. Diese waren jedoch unter Berücksichtigung
von multiplem Testen nicht signifikant. Vier Items wurden aufgrund schlechter
Eignung aus der Faktorenanalyse ausgeschlossen, die dann eine einfaktorielle
Lösung mit 31% Varianzaufklärung ergab. Der Fit für das Gesamtmodell zur Prüfung
der Eindimensionalität ist als unbefriedigend einzustufen. Der identifizierte
Faktor lässt sich als „Einstellung gegenüber dem Nutzen von Forschung für die
Praxis” beschreiben. Die Antworten auf die offene Frage nach den bisherigen
Erfahrungen mit Forschungsaktivitäten geben Hinweise darauf, dass weitere Items
generiert werden sollten, die das Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnis mit Schwerpunkt auf
die monetäre Vergütung des anfallenden (Personal-)Aufwands abdecken sollten.

Schlussfolgerung Das neu entwickelte Instrument setzt einen Grundstein zur
systematischen Erfassung von Einstellungen von Vertreter:innen von
Reha-Einrichtungen gegenüber (Versorgungs-)Forschung. Es bedarf weiterer
Studien, um das Messinstrument zum Erheben dieser komplexen Thematik zu
verbessern.
Berufliche Teilhabe nach medizinischer Rehabilitation aufgrund
psychischer Erkrankungen: Repräsentative Analysen auf Basis der
Routinedaten der Deutschen Rentenversicherung
Authors: Streibelt Marco , Matthies Claudia , Zollmann Pia
Published: December 2024

Ziel der Studie Die besondere Relevanz psychischer Störungen für
Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft zeigt sich in der Betrachtung der beruflichen
Teilhabe. Das Ziel unserer Studie ist, basierend auf repräsentativen
Routinedaten der Rentenversicherung, die Gruppe der Rehabilitand*innen einer
psychosomatischen Rehabilitation aus dem Jahr 2017 anhand ausgewählter Merkmale
zu beschreiben, die Return to Work (RTW)-Quoten sowie die individuellen Verläufe
nach der Rehabilitation zu betrachten und mögliche Einflussfaktoren zu
identifizieren.

Methodik Berufliche Teilhabe wurde sowohl über eine monatliche
Zustandsvariable bis 24 Monate nach der Rehabilitation als auch als Quote aller
Personen, die nach 12 oder 24 Monaten im Erhebungsmonat und den 3 vorhergehenden
Monaten sozialversicherungspflichtig beschäftigt waren, operationalisiert. Für
die Analyse der Einflussfaktoren auf stabile berufliche Teilhabe wurden multiple
logistische Regressionsmodelle mit schrittweisem Einschluss, getrennt für die
Quoten nach 12 und 24 Monaten, kalkuliert.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 122 623 Datensätze in die Analyse einbezogen
(darunter Depressive Episode (DE): n=28 497, 23,2%, Rezidivierende depressive
Störungen (RD): n=42 573, 34,7%; Reaktionen auf schwere Belastungen und
Anpassungsstörungen (BR): n=19 122, 15,6%; Angststörungen (AS): n=9716, 7,9% und
Somatoforme Störungen (SO): n=8564, 7,0%). Das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 50
Jahren, 64% waren weiblich. Es zeigten sich unterschiedliche Verläufe je nach
Indikation, mit stabilen Beschäftigungsquoten nach 12 Monaten von 69% bei der
Gruppe BR; 62% DE; 61% SE; 57% RD bis zu 52% SO. Einflussfaktoren auf stabile
Beschäftigung nach einem Jahr waren die Dauer der Arbeitsunfähigkeit im Jahr vor
der Rehabilitation, die Existenz eines Beschäftigungsverhältnisses, sowie ein
hohes Einkommen.

Schlussfolgerung Da sich die relevanten Veränderungen in den ersten 6
Monaten nach der Rehabilitation zeigten, sollten weitere
Unterstützungsleistungen von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen nach einer
medizinischen Rehabilitation möglichst früh nach dieser ansetzen.