bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating Burnout and Depression in Nurses During the COVID-19
Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Saeedi Amin , Pooladvand Vahid , Domari Asma Amiri , Raesi Rasoul , Oruei Sara , Hushmandi Kiavash , Daneshi Salman , Eskandari Mohadeseh
Published: January 2025

Background:

Job burnout is linked to various negative physical and mental effects. In
nursing, burnout can result in depression due to the stressful nature of the profession.

Aim:

This research aimed to examine job burnout and depression among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:

This cross-sectional study utilized a census method to assess 155 nurses working at the
Imam Khomeini Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Data were collected face-to-face
using a three-part questionnaire, which included demographic information, the Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI-13), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The analysis of the data was performed
using Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical tests, t-tests, and analysis of variance in SPSS-22 statistical
software, with a significance level set at less than 0.05.

Results:

The frequency of individuals exhibiting moderate and severe depression symptoms was
reported as 20.6% and 4.6%, respectively. Among hospital nurses, 23.2% experienced emotional
exhaustion burnout, 7.4% faced depersonalization, and 57.5% reported feelings of ineffectiveness.
Young and single individuals with long working hours were found to be more vulnerable to burnout
compared to their colleagues, and a significant relationship was found between depression and job
burnout.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of both depression and job burnout among nurses was notably high,
with a significant relationship observed between these two variables. The findings highlight an urgent
need for proactive measures to tackle the mental health challenges faced by nurses. By implementing
targeted interventions, establishing support systems, and fostering a culture of well-being,
the nursing profession can thrive, ensuring optimal care delivery and enhancing the overall wellbeing
of healthcare professionals.
Human Stem Cells for Drug Toxicity Evaluation: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Idris Mohammed , Nawaz Shaik Sarfaraz
Published: January 2025

Conducting repeated-dose toxicity testing is essential in the health risk assessment process. Currently, evaluating human safety relies heavily on animal studies to identify toxicity endpoints due to the absence of suitable human in vitro cell systems designed for regulatory pur-poses. However, reliance on animal models exhibiting inter-species variations often results in inaccurate predictions of toxicity in humans, resulting in the late-stage elimination of tested sub-stances. Consequently, the cosmetic industry is actively searching for dependable human cell systems for repeated-dose toxicity assessments. Due to boundless human pluripotent cell’s ability to differentiate and proliferate into diverse cell types, these cells are considered a valuable and cost-effective resource for the development of organotypic cells. These cells are crucial for as-sessing long-term human organ toxicity. The recent advancements in high-throughput in vitro screening platforms and artificial intelligence present a promising avenue for the development and exploration of human biomarkers for repeated-dose toxicity in cellular in vitro models.
Eğitim araştırmaları için çağdaş bir araştırma yöntemi: Q-metodu
Authors: Sancar İskender Volkan
Published: January 2025

Günümüze kadar eğitim alanında birçok bilimsel çalışma farklı yaklaşım ve desenler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Özellikle son yirmi yıl incelendiğinde nicel, nitel ve karma yaklaşımların hepsinin yoğun olarak kullanıldığı göze çarpmaktadır. Bunun yanında az bilinen ve tercih edilmeyen metodolojilerin olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Bu metodolojilerden birinin de Q-metodu olduğu ifade edilebilir. Nitel ve nicel yaklaşımlara göre daha yeni sayılabilecek bu metodoloji, esnek yapısı, ekonomik olması ve istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edilmesi açısından eğitim araştırmaları için kullanılabilir ve uygulanabilir görünmektedir. Q-metodu, katılımcıların bakış açılarını, inançlarını, tutumlarını ve düşüncelerini analiz etmek için ideal bir yöntem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Q-metodu bir taraftan faktör analizi ile desteklenirken diğer taraftan temelinde öznel yargıları barındırdığından nitel yaklaşımlara da benzemektedir. Dolayısıyla ne nitel ne de nicel bir yaklaşım olarak bahsedilememektedir. Bu sebeple kendine has bir yapıda değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı alanda az bilinen ve uygulanmayan Q-metodunu araştırmacılara tanıtmak, bilinirliğini ve araştırmacıların farkındalık düzeylerini arttırmaktır. Bu kapsamda Q-metodunun temelleri ve tarihinden bahsedilmiş, nasıl uygulanabileceği ve nasıl analiz edilebildiği hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir.
İlkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin özetleme özyeterlik algıları ile okuduğunu anlama düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki
Authors: Kaman Şafak , Bulut Aydın
Published: January 2025

Öğrencilerin özetleme becerileri, akademik başarılarını etkileyen önemli bir faktördür. Bu beceri, öğrencilerin metinleri anlama düzeylerini değerlendirme ve önemli noktaları kısaltarak belirleme konusunda yardımcı olur. Etkin bir şekilde özetleme yapılması, öğrencilerin okudukları metinleri daha derinlemesine anlamalarına ve dolayısıyla akademik başarılarını artırmalarına katkı sağlayabilir. Bu araştırmada ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin özetleme özyeterlik algıları ile okuduğunu anlama düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Kastamonu ilinde öğrenim görmekte olan 406 4. sınıf öğrencisi ile yürütülmüş ve veriler toplanmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde “Özetleme Özyeterlik Ölçeği” ve “Okuduğunu anlama Testi” olmak üzere iki adet ölçek kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS21 paket programı ile çözümlenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde t-testi ve Pearson Momentler Çarpımı kullanılmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak ise frekans, yüzde ve ortalama puanlardan yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda özetleme özyeterlik algısı ile okuduğunu anlama düzeyleri arasında orta düzeyde pozitif bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin genel olarak özetleme özyeterlik algılarının yüksek olduğu, ancak okuduğunu anlama düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Cinsiyete göre ise, kız öğrencilerin özetleme özyeterlik algılarının erkek öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, kız öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama düzeylerinin de erkek öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin sosyo-bilimsel konulara yönelik görüşleri
Authors: Karakuş Ayşegül , Tangülü Zafer
Published: January 2025

Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin sosyo-bilimsel konulara yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesinin amaçlandığı çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden temel nitel araştırma deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Amaçlı örnekleme yönteminden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesine göre araştırmanın çalışma grubunu gönüllülük esasına göre Muğla il Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı devlet okullarında görev yapmakta sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu olarak kullanılmıştır. Görüşme formu aracılığıyla elde edilen veriler içerik analiziyle incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin en çok kullanmakta olduğu sosyal medya platformları arasında “Instagram” ve “WhatsApp” yer almakta iken, en az kullandıkları platformun ise “Youtube” olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Program ve ders kitabı içeriği dikkate alındığında sosyo-bilimsel konuların niteliği ve niceliği ile sosyo-bilimsel konuların sosyal bilgiler dersinde öğretiminde öğretmenlerin 2 kategoride görüş belirttikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sosyo-bilimsel konuların sosyal bilgiler dersinde hangi sınıf düzeyinde daha çok verilmesi ve bunun nedenlerine ilişkin olarak öğretmenlerin en fazla 6.sınıf düzeyinde daha çok verilmesi gerektiğine dair bir görüşe sahibi oldukları araştırma kapsamında tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin bu sınıf düzeyini seçmesinde hazır bulunuşluluklarının önemli etkisi bulunduğu bir diğer sonuçtur.
Ahlaki uzaklaşma ve zorbalık davranışı: Türkiye örnekleminde yeni bir ölçeğin psikometrik incelenmesi
Authors: Kuşci İsmail , Bakır Vedat
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmada, Jeong ve arkadaşları (2024) tarafından geliştirilen Ahlaki Uzaklaşma Zorbalık Davranışı Ölçeği'nin (AUZDÖ) Türkçeye uyarlanması ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, iki farklı örneklemdeki toplam 510 üniversite öğrencisi üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ile incelenmiştir. AFA sonucunda, orijinal ölçekle tutarlı olarak tek faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiş, 5. maddenin çıkarılmasıyla 13 maddelik bir form oluşturulmuştur. DFA sonuçları, tek faktörlü yapıyı doğrulamıştır (χ²/sd = 2.292, CFI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.065). Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa katsayısı .901, McDonald omega katsayısı .899 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçüt geçerliği kapsamında, AUZDÖ'nün Ahlaki Uzaklaşma Ölçeği (r = 0.521), Siber Zorbalık (r = 0.323), Siber Mağduriyet (r = 0.297) ve Depresyon (r = 0.192) ile pozitif; Psikolojik İyi Oluş (r = -0.294) ile negatif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular, AUZDÖ'nün Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir. AUZDÖ'nün Türkçe uyarlaması, zorbalık ve ahlaki uzaklaşma alanındaki araştırmaların gelişimine katkı sağlayacak, ayrıca zorbalığı önleme ve müdahale programlarının geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilecek değerli bir araç sunmaktadır.
Studi Manajemen Proyek Pembangunan Embung K Wilayah KIPP IKN Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara
Authors: Arrosyad Muhammad , Sri Wahyuni  , Evi Nur Cahya
Published: January 2025

Pembangunan Embung K di Wilayah Kawasan Inti Pusat Pemerintahan (KIPP) Ibu Kota Negara (IKN) merupakan salah satu proyek strategis yang sedang intensif dilaksanakan. Kesuksesan proyek ini sangat bergantung pada pengaturan dan manajemen proyek yang efisien untuk mencapai optimasi waktu dan biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji optimasi sumber daya dan penambahan jam lembur guna mencapai efisiensi maksimal dalam durasi dan biaya proyek. Data yang digunakan meliputi jenis pekerjaan, volume pekerjaan, durasi pekerjaan, harga satuan, serta rencana anggaran biaya proyek. Analisis dilakukan melalui evaluasi produktivitas sumber daya, kebutuhan sumber daya, hubungan ketergantungan antar pekerjaan, serta simulasi optimasi dan penambahan jam lembur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa optimasi sumber daya berhasil mengurangi durasi proyek sebesar 6,49%. Penambahan jam lembur juga memberikan penurunan durasi yang sama. Dari sisi biaya, optimasi sumber daya menghasilkan penghematan sebesar 0,29% atau Rp 36.511.143,49, sedangkan penambahan jam lembur memberikan penghematan sebesar 0,38% atau Rp 47.419.170,69. Berdasarkan hasil ini, penambahan jam lembur terbukti lebih efektif dalam mengurangi durasi dan biaya proyek.
Pemetaan Sebaran Kualitas Air Tanah Berdasarkan Indeks Kualitas Air Irigasi di Kecamatan Melaya Kabupaten Jembrana
Authors: Vikramaditya I Made Adhiaksa , Emma Yuliani  , Tri Budi Prayogo
Published: January 2025

Mayoritas penduduk di Kecamatan Melaya, Kabupaten Jembrana bekerja pada sektor pertanian. Mayoritas menggunakan air tanah dari sumur produksi sebagai sumber air irigasi dengan biaya yang relatif mahal. Untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang optimal, salah satunya adalah menentukan kesesuaian antara kualitas air tanah dengan tanaman pertanian menggunakan model Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) dengan melihat tingkat salinitas tanah, resiko sodisitas, dan resiko toksisitas air untuk tanaman. Saat ini di lokasi tersebut tidak terdapat panduan tentang kesesuaian kualitas air tanah untuk irigasi tanaman pertanian. Berdasarkan hasil studi, mayoritas nilai indeks kualitas air tanah berada pada kondisi rendah dan sedang yang diperoleh dari tujuh titik lokasi penelitian. Pada kesesuaian antara tanah dan tanaman, diperoleh kondisi eksisting tanaman termasuk dalam kategori cukup sensitif dan berbeda dengan rekomendasi teoritis yang merekomendasikan menghindari tanaman sensitif terhadap garam. Nilai keuntungan tanaman yang lebih besar dari kondisi eksisting juga dapat diperoleh petani apabila diusahakan jenis tanaman yang telah direkomendasikan dalam studi ini.
Studi Optimasi Alokasi Air di Daerah Irigasi Pirang Kabupaten Bojonegoro Menggunakan Program Dinamik
Authors: Wahab Wahyu Abdul , Sayekti Rini Wahyu , Sri Wahyuni
Published: January 2025

Pemakaian air irigasi di Daerah Irigasi Pirang dinilai masih belum efisien sebab sering terjadi kekurangan air pada musim kemarau terutama di daerah irigasi bagian hilir sehingga menyebabkan hasil pertanian yang kurang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengalokasikan air menggunakan teknik optimasi deterministik dengan memaksimalkan keuntungan hasil pertanian dengan menguraikan permasalahan menjadi beberapa tahap sehingga didapat keuntungan dengan berdasar pemberian air setiap tahap. Dalam metode dinamik deterministik terdapat fungsi tujuan serta fungsi kendala. Fungsi tujuan yaitu keuntungan maksimum sedangkan fungsi kendala yaitu luas lahan serta ketersediaan air. Hasil optimasi yang didapatkan dengan dinamik deterministik terdapat peningkatan prosentase periode terpenuhinya kebutuhan air irigasi dalam satu tahun dari 36,1 % menjadi 44,4 %. Total keuntungan pemberian air untuk setiap tahap atau bangunan irigasi yaitu sebesar Rp. 29.555.187.181. Ini menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 40,06 % dibandingkan dengan keuntungan sebelum optimasi yang sebesar Rp. 21.102.019.123.
Penerapan Metode jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Dalam Mencari Hubungan Curah Hujan dan Debit Pada DAS Cisadane
Authors: Aryadiva Raihan , Very Dermawan  , Sri Wahyuni
Published: January 2025

Analisis sumber daya air sangat terhambat oleh hilangnya data akibat kerusakan alat pencatat, proses perbaikan, dan kesalahan manusia. Ketersediaan data curah hujan dan debit yang lengkap dan akurat menjadi faktor krusial dalam perencanaan wilayah. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu mengatasi kekurangan informasi data yang sering dihadapi dalam analisis sumber daya air. Estimasi tinggi debit di suatu daerah dalam periode tertentu dapat diprediksi dengan metode permodelan jaringan syaraf tiruan, memanfaatkan data curah hujan dan debit. Studi ini menemukan nilai validasi terbaik untuk proses kalibrasi dengan rentang 6 tahun dan epoch 500, menghasilkan nilai Percentage Bias (PBIAS) 0,061% (sangat baik), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) 0,994 (baik), dan Koefisien Korelasi (r) 0,997 (sangat kuat). Untuk nilai validasi terbaik dengan rentang 6 tahun dan epoch 3000 menghasilkan nilai Percentage Bias (PBIAS) 2,803% (sangat baik), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) 0,936 (baik), dan Koefisien Korelasi (r) 0,981 (sangat kuat).
Evaluasi dan Penanganan Saluran Drainase Terhadap Genangan di Jalan Jaksa Agung Suprapto Kota Malang Menggunakan EPA SWMM 5.2
Authors: Larasati Adinda Sylsi , Mohammad Bisri  , Rahmah Dara Lufira
Published: January 2025

Kota Malang terutama di Jalan Jaksa Agung Suprapto hingga Jalan Letnan Jenderal S. Parman sepanjang 2,37 kilometer kerap kali terjadi genangan akibat limpasan air sehingga diperlukan evaluasi kapasitas saluran drainase eksisting sesuai dengan daerah tangkapan air seluas 108 ha. Dalam menganalisa permasalahan genangan dapat dilakukan pemodelan menggunakan aplikasi EPA SWMM 5.2 dengan kala ulang 5 tahun. Hasil simulasi pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa dari 42 saluran drainase, terdapat 11 saluran mengalami luapan air sehingga menimbulkan genangan dan perlu dilakukan perencanaan perubahan dimensi saluran drainase menggunakan bangunan beton pracetak U-Ditch dengan ukuran berbeda tergantung kapasitas air yang dapat ditampung masing-masing saluran dan penerapan bangunan ekodrainase berupa sumur injeksi dengan diameter 1 meter dan kedalaman 10 meter berjumlah 109 sumur yang diletakkan pada lokasi yang berbeda. Dengan adanya penerapan bangunan ekodrainase berupa sumur injeksi dapat mengurangi genangan pada salah satu subcatchment dengan efektivitas sebesar 70,03%. Dari seluruh penanganan genangan tersebut membutuhkan total anggaran biaya sejumlah Rp16,033,070,136.16, dimana terdiri atas perencanaan perubahan dimensi saluran drainase sejumlah Rp15,086,207,944.34 dan perencanaan pembuatan 109 sumur injeksi sejumlah Rp. 946,862,191.82.
Analisis Keruntuhan Bendungan Nglangon di Kabupaten Grobogan Jawa Tengah Dengan Menggunakan Program Zhong Xing HY21
Authors: Utrujjah Syifa Allifa , Runi Asmaranto  , Andre Primantyo Hermawan
Published: January 2025

Bendungan Nglangon dibangun pada tahun 1911 oleh Pemerintah Hindia Belanda dan mulai beroperasi sejak tahun 1914. Bendungan Nglangon berada di Desa Kradenan, Kecamatan Kradenan, Kabupaten Grobogan, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Karena usia bendungan yang sudah tua, diperlukan analisis mengenai potensi bahaya yang dapat ditimbulkan jika bendungan mengalami kegagalan. Salah satu kegagalan bendungan adalah keruntuhan yang umumnya disebabkan oleh piping dan overtopping. Hasil ananlisis keruntuhan Bendungan Nglangon menggunakan program Zhong Xing HY21 menunjukkan bahwa piping bawah dimana keadaan MAB nya memiliki dampak banjir paling luas. Luas genangan yang terjadi yaitu 3,718 km2 yang tersebar di 8 desa: Desa Kradenan, Desa Sambongbangi, Desa Banjardowo, Desa Kalisari, Desa Sarirejo, Desa Kuwu, Desa Tanjungsari, dan Desa Sendangrejo. Jumlah penduduk terkena risiko sebanyak 1004 jiwa yang semuanya berada di Desa Kradenan sehingga termasuk dalam tingkat bahaya banjir yang sangat tinggi. Sedangkan untuk desa lainnya berada pada tingkat bahaya rendah karena banjir hanya menggenangi area persawahan dan tidak ada penduduk terkena risiko.
Analisis Hidrologi dan Hidrolika Pada Kawasan Sungai Bengawan Solo Di Kota Surakarta Untuk Mitigasi Banjir
Authors: Winata Noval Adji , Ussy Andawayanti  , Ery Suhartanto
Published: January 2025

Banjir di Sungai Bengawan Solo disebabkan kurangnya kesadaran warga untuk memelihara lingkungan. Akibatnya banyak warga yang terdampak oleh adanya banjir. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan debit banjir rancangan di Sungai Bengawan Solo, lalu melakukan pemodelan genangan banjirnya dengan bantuan software HEC-RAS, serta menentukan upaya mitigasi banjir di Sungai Bengawan Solo. Berdasarkan analisis hidrologi, debit banjir rancangan dengan kala ulang 25 tahun bernilai 1453,47 m3/detik, dimana Sungai Bengawan Solo tidak dapat menampung luapan air tersebut. luas genangan pada kedua cathchment area seluas 230 Ha. Tinggi genangan dari kedua catchment area bervariasi, pada Kecamatan Jebres antara 0.100 hingga 3.512 m dan pada Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon antara 0.175 hingga 3.043 m. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, dilakukan upaya mitigasi berupa pembuatan peta rute evakuasi bencana banjir. Ditetapkan delapan titik kumpul awal yang tersebar di dua kecamatan di sepanjnag Sungai Bengawan Solo dan tiga titik akhir jalur evakuasi yang memiiliki delapan rute.
Analisa Kelayakan Ekonomi Pada Sistem Penyediaan Air Baku di Desa Pomahan, Kecamatan Pulung, Kabupaten Ponorogo
Authors: Faris Rifqi Himawan  , Sri Wahyuni  , Emma Yuliani
Published: January 2025

Desa Pomahan terletak di Kecamatan Pulung Kabupaten Ponorogo, daerah tersebut dalam memenuhi kebutuhan air masyarakatnya masih menggunakan sistem jaringan yang dibangun secara sederhana dan hanya bisa dinikmati oleh sebagian penduduk desa. Sehingga, diperlukan upaya perencanaan sistem jaringan distribusi air baku yang layak guna memenuhi kebutuhan air masyarakat Desa Pomahan secara menyeluruh. Studi ini membahas analisa ekonomi pada perencanaan sistem jaringan distribusi air baku dengan usia guna hingga tahun 2041. Hasil dari analisa tersebut digunakan dalam menentukan harga air yang layak secara ekonomi. Berdasarkan perencanaan menggunakan Software WaterCAD V8i, diketahui bahwa jumlah penduduk Desa Pomahan pada tahun 2041 yaitu 5.239 jiwa dengan rerata kebutuhan air sebesar 5,021 lt/dt. Hasil perhitungan analisa biaya yang dikeluarkan yaitu biaya modal sebesar Rp.376.577.290,00 per tahun dan biaya operasional sebesar Rp. 135.492.480,00 per tahun. Analisis ekonomi menghasilkan nilai rasio biaya manfaat  sebesar 1,09, selisih biaya manfaat  sebesar 46.216.930,40, Internal Rate of Return  sebesar 7,3%, dan Payback Period (PBP) selama 9,5 tahun dengan tingkat suku bunga 6%. Berdasarkan analisa ekonomi, penetapan harga air yang layak adalah kisaran sebesar Rp. 3.935,00/m3 hingga Rp. 4.290,00/m3.
Alih Ragam Hujan Menjadi Debit Menggunakan Metode NRECA dengan Algoritma Genetik di DAS Gembong Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Hawari Hirzi , Suhartanto Ery , Lufira Rahmah Dara
Published: January 2025

DAS Gembong berperan penting dalam menyediakan air bersih untuk kebutuhan masyarakat Kabupaten Pasuruan. Saat ini, DAS Gembong menghadapi masalah kekeringan, Untuk mengatasi masalah kurangnya data debit air sungai di DAS Gembong, perlu dilakukan alih ragam curah hujan menjadi debit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hasil kalibrasi dan validasi debit pemodelan metode NRECA dengan Algoritma Genetik di DAS Gembong serta mengetahui dan menganalisis debit andalan yang dihasilkan dari debit pemodelan. Metode NRECA digunakan untuk mengubah curah hujan menjadi debit dengan parameter GWF dan PSUB yang ditentukan melalui algoritma genetik di Microsoft Excel. Setelah debit pemodelan metode NRECA diperoleh, dilanjutkan dengan analisis kalibrasi, validasi, dan analisis debit andalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji kalibrasi antara debit NRECA dan debit AWLR selama periode bulanan yang terbaik didapat pada data 15 tahun, dengan nilai NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) sebesar 0,999 (sangat baik) dan nilai R (koefisien korelasi) sebesar 0,999 (sangat kuat). Pada uji validasi, hasil terbaik diperoleh dari data 5 tahun dengan nilai NSE sebesar 0,889 (sangat baik) dan nilai R sebesar 0,714 (kuat). Pada perhitungan debit andalan, didapatkan Q80% sebesar 0,892 m³/det dan Q90% sebesar 0,645 m³/det.
Novel Evaluation Metric and Quantified Performance of ChatGPT-4 Patient Management Simulations for Early Clinical Education: Experimental Study
Authors: Scherr Riley , Spina Aidin , Dao Allen , Andalib Saman , Halaseh Faris F , Blair Sarah , Wiechmann Warren , Rivera Ronald
Published: January 2025

Background

Case studies have shown ChatGPT can run clinical simulations at the medical student level. However, no data have assessed ChatGPT’s reliability in meeting desired simulation criteria such as medical accuracy, simulation formatting, and robust feedback mechanisms.

Objective

This study aims to quantify ChatGPT’s ability to consistently follow formatting instructions and create simulations for preclinical medical student learners according to principles of medical simulation and multimedia educational technology.

Methods

Using ChatGPT-4 and a prevalidated starting prompt, the authors ran 360 separate simulations of an acute asthma exacerbation. A total of 180 simulations were given correct answers and 180 simulations were given incorrect answers. ChatGPT was evaluated for its ability to adhere to basic simulation parameters (stepwise progression, free response, interactivity), advanced simulation parameters (autonomous conclusion, delayed feedback, comprehensive feedback), and medical accuracy (vignette, treatment updates, feedback). Significance was determined with χ² analyses using 95% CIs for odds ratios.

Results

In total, 100% (n=360) of simulations met basic simulation parameters and were medically accurate. For advanced parameters, 55% (200/360) of all simulations delayed feedback, while the Correct arm (157/180, 87%) delayed feedback was significantly more than the Incorrect arm (43/180, 24%; P<.001). A total of 79% (285/360) of simulations concluded autonomously, and there was no difference between the Correct and Incorrect arms in autonomous conclusion (146/180, 81% and 139/180, 77%; P=.36). Overall, 78% (282/360) of simulations gave comprehensive feedback, and there was no difference between the Correct and Incorrect arms in comprehensive feedback (137/180, 76% and 145/180, 81%; P=.31). ChatGPT-4 was not significantly more likely to conclude simulations autonomously (P=.34) and provide comprehensive feedback (P=.27) when feedback was delayed compared to when feedback was not delayed.

Conclusions

These simulations have the potential to be a reliable educational tool for simple simulations and can be evaluated by a novel 9-part metric. Per this metric, ChatGPT simulations performed perfectly on medical accuracy and basic simulation parameters. It performed well on comprehensive feedback and autonomous conclusion. Delayed feedback depended on the accuracy of user inputs. A simulation meeting one advanced parameter was not more likely to meet all advanced parameters. Further work must be done to ensure consistent performance across a broader range of simulation scenarios.
Meditation App Engagement: Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Adams Julia , Davies Jonathan , Wattanatakulchat Prai , Galante Julieta , Miller Felicity , Alfonso Simon D , Van Dam Nicholas T
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

While meditation applications (apps) are increasingly popular, there is limited understanding of how much people engage with them outside clinical trials. Accordingly, the ways in which the general population uses apps and the factors that influence their usage remain relatively unclear.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim is to explore the amount of app use and factors that predict engagement.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of recent meditation app users, including self-reported and app-verified (via app screenshots shared by participants) engagement information from 536 individuals in 5 English-speaking countries. User, app and user-app interaction factors were assessed. App-verified and self-reported total minutes and app-verified and self-reported minutes adjusted for app download date served as outcome variables (i.e., engagement). Associations of app use with socio-demographic factors, personality, motivations and expectations, health and wellbeing, perceived alliance with the app, and subjective perceptions of the app were examined via correlation. Factors showing significant associations were included in multivariable regressions to determine the most robust predictors of use.

RESULTS

Most app users reported relatively low usage, with 50% of users engaging 40 minutes or less per month (median 10.51 minutes). User factors, age, education, readiness to change, expectations for sleep, and expectations for thriving were weakly associated with three out of four outcome measures (r = 0.1 - 0.3). Appeal, perceived impact and subjective quality were moderately associated with engagement (r = 0.3 - 0.5). No mental health factors were associated with engagement. Regressions showed that only greater readiness to change, higher education level and subjective app quality uniquely related to increased engagement.

CONCLUSIONS

Few meditation app downloaders engage beyond a minimal threshold. Our findings suggest that educated users who are receptive to new experiences and believe in the effectiveness of meditation apps are more likely to use them. Longitudinal work is needed to examine patterns of use and strengthen causal inference.

CLINICALTRIAL

https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/2SHU8
Research on the U.S.-ROK Alliance from the Perspective of Alliance Dilemma —Taking the Government of Yoon Seok-youl as an Example
Authors: Zhou Ziheng
Published: January 2025

This article explores the formation, development, current status, and future direction of the U.S.-ROK alliance from the perspective of the alliance dilemma theory. By analyzing the changes in the U.S.-ROK alliance under the leadership of the Yoon Seok-youl government, this article delves into factors such as asymmetry, deepening military cooperation, trilateral cooperation under the threat of North Korea, as well as the impact of competition between China and the United States, imbalanced public opinion and economic cooperation in South Korea on the alliance relationship. The article believes that although the U.S.-ROK alliance is closely cooperating strategically, it still faces complex challenges, and its future direction will depend on the interweaving and game of multiple factors.
İş Yeri Rekreasyonu Hizmetinin Verilmeme Sorunsalı Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Mamaş Elif , Şimşek Kerem Yıldırım , İlkay Uysal Aylin
Published: January 2025

İşletmelerin rakipleri karşısında öne çıkabilmek için uyguladıkları stratejilerden biri çalışanlarına yönelik işyeri rekreasyonu hizmeti vermektir. Rekreasyonun yapılandırıcı gücü ve işletmeye olan maddi ve manevi faydaları bilinse de işletmelerin çalışanları için iş yeri rekreasyonu hizmeti sunmadığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle araştırmanın temel amacı, işletmelerde iş yeri rekreasyonu hizmetinin verilmeme sorunsalını incelemek, sebeplerini ortaya çıkarmak ve çözüm önerileri geliştirmektir.
Çalışma grubu olarak Eskişehir ili Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde rekreatif aktivite hizmeti sunmayan 6 işletme yöneticisi belirlenmiştir. Verilerin elde edilmesinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği, analizinde ise içerik analizi ve tematik analiz tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Yönetici görüşmelerinden elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda 20 kod ortaya çıkartılmış ve rekreasyonun yararları, yönetici farkındalığı, planlama, nedenler ve çözüm önerileri olmak üzere beş temaya ulaşılmıştır.
Yöneticilerin iş yeri rekreasyonu ile ilgili bilgileri, rekreasyon aktivitesi yapmamalarının temel sebepleri, rekreatif faaliyetler düzenlemeleri ile ilgili yorumları, aktivite yapmalarına neden olan engeller, farkındalık düzeyleri ve çözüm önerileri ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar akademik çalışmalara yön vermek için yararlı olabilir.
Development of Multirepresentation-Based Learning Videos on the Material of Physical Properties of Alcohols and Ethers
Authors: Maulidiyah Hanna Rohmatul , Muharini Rini , Ulfah Maria , Enawaty Eny , Sasri Risya
Published: January 2025

The topic of the physical properties of alcohol and ether compounds is often perceived as challenging by students due to its abstract nature. Consequently, the development of effective learning media is essential to address these difficulties. This study aims to develop a multirepresentation-based instructional video that illustrates the impact of intermolecular forces on the boiling points of alcohols and ethers. The research utilized the 4D model by Thiagarajan, comprising four stages: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. However, this study was limited to the Develop stage. The research instruments included validation sheets and response questionnaires, employing indirect communication measurement techniques. The validity assessment involved three experts evaluating various aspects of the product, while the response test was conducted with 29 students. Data from the validation results were analyzed using the Content Validity Index (CVI), where the instructional video achieved a CVI score of 1.00, indicating very high validity. Student responses demonstrated a satisfaction rate of 85.98% (very good) in the limited trial and 83.57% (very good) in the main trial. In conclusion, the multirepresentation-based instructional video is a highly valid and effective tool that can be utilized in teaching the physical properties of alcohols and ethers.
Studi Karakteristik Kimia Tanah Pada Berbagai Kelerengan di Lahan Agroforestri Berbasis Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis)
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Rumondang Jenny , Dinanty Fawwaz , Safira Doani Anggi , Puri Suci Ratna , Farikhah Anisatul , Nisya Dian , Siregar Helmalia Vareira
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
The research was conducted on agarwood agroforestry land (Aquilaria malaccensis) in Muaro Pijoan Village, Muaro Jambi Regency, which has an ultisol soil type with a land slope of 3,33% and 7,27%. Agarwood was planted at a distance of 2 x 3 meters on an area of 2 hectares since 2007. Analysis was conducted on various soil chemical properties such as pH, C-Organic, N, P, and K and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) in three locations with different slopes. Results showed that soil pH at the study sites ranged from 4-4,05, indicating very high acidity, while C-Organic and CEC contents were low. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents also varied based on slope, potentially affecting agarwood growth. The highest increments in diameter (0,945 cm/year) and height (0,552 m/year) were observed on land with a 7,27% slope. These findings indicate the importance of soil chemistry and slope in supporting agarwood productivity in ultisol agroforestry.
 
Keywords: agarwood, nutrient elements, organic carbon, pH
 
ABSTRAK.
Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan agroforestry berbasis gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) di Desa Muaro Pijoan, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, yang memiliki jenis tanah ultisol dengan kemiringan lahan 3,33% dan 7,27%. Gaharu ditanam pada jarak 2 x 3 meter di lahan seluas 2 hektar sejak tahun 2007. Analisis dilakukan terhadap berbagai sifat kimia tanah seperti pH, C-Organik, N, P, dan K serta Kapasitas Tukar Kation KTK) di tiga lokasi dengan kemiringan berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah di lokasi penelitian berkisar pada 4-4,05, menunjukkan tingkat keasaman yang sangat tinggi, sementara kandungan C-Organik dan KTK tergolong rendah. Kandungan nitrogen dan fosfor juga bervariasi berdasarkan kemiringan lahan, yang berpotensi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan gaharu. Riap diameter dan tinggi tanaman gaharu tertinggi ditemukan pada lahan dengan kemiringan 7,27%, dengan riap diameter tahunan rata-rata sebesar 0,945 cm/tanaman/tahun dan riap tinggi sebesar 0,552 m/tanaman/tahun. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya sifat kimia tanah dan kemiringan lahan dalam mendukung produktivitas tanaman gaharu di agroforestri ultisol.
 
Kata kunci: gaharu, unsur hara, karbon organic, pH
Species composition of Fusarium fungi on winter wheat in the conditions of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus
Authors:   North Caucasian Research Institute of Mountain and Piedmont Agriculture, Manukyan Irina R.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of monitoring the species diversity
of pathogens of fusarium ear of winter wheat. During the study of infected grain,
14 species of fungi of the genus Fusarium were identified, of which F. equiseti, F. boothii, F. vorosii, F. incarnatum, F. proliferatum, F. cerealis were not previously noted in the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus. The variety of species of fusarium fungi indicates the constant presence in the agrocenosis of a pathogenic complex of phytopathogens occupying various ecological niches, ensuring
continuous infection of the ear.
The influence of sowing dates on the energy and economic efficiency of spring triticale cultivation
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Muratov Alexey A. , Epifantsev Viktor V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of calculating the economic and energy
efficiency of cultivating spring triticale, depending on the sowing period. When sowing on April 29, the highest yield (2.37 t/ha), conditional net income (2,335.2 rubles)
and energy efficiency coefficient (1.32 conv. units) were obtained. Sowing seeds in
the second decade of April leads to a decrease in economic and energy efficiency
indicators by 27.5 and 3.9%, respectively. The highest energy (14.90 GJ) and economic (6,896 rubles) production costs were obtained during sowing on May 5.
Evaluation of soybean varieties according to economically useful characteristics and adaptability parameters
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Dalaf Al-Jumaili D. A. , Konyushkov Andrey I. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Minkach Tatyana V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

As a result of the conducted research, taller soybean plants of the varieties were identified: Hoosier (Chin Yen Town), Hay-tour black, Huitiejia, Harbinskaya 111. The largest number of nodes was noted in varieties Jiao-tau, Neidou 4,
Dong-nun 47-1B, Fung-show 2; beans in varieties: Green oilseed beans, Neidou 4,
Selected from commercial beans, Hoosier (Chin Yan Tou). According to seed productivity, the varieties Green oilseeds and Neidou 4 were distinguished. The variety Selected from commercial beans can be attributed to highly plastic in terms of a complex
of characteristics, high stability in one of the elements of productivity (the mass of
seeds from one plant) was shown by the varieties: Selected from commercial beans,
Ping-ding-xiang, Nun-jiang-da-dou, Semilutea, Manzangjing, Dong-nun 47-1B,
Huinanping dingxian and Mengdou 11.
Recycling of garbage. What contribution can each person make?
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Zaichenko Maria N. , Frantseva Tatyana P. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin
Published: January 2025

The article examines the situation with waste recycling in advanced
countries in this area. The results of a survey of students on the knowledge of the
locations of sorting points are presented. The importance of each person in recycling
is explained.
HOW CULTURAL VALUES CONTRIBUTE TO STUDENT PERFORMANCE IN THE SCHOOL CONTEXT: A CASE OF NJOMBE REGION, TANZANIA
Authors: Bernadetha Haule Daigo , Shaker Thanaa , Haule Lyengeru Jackob
Published: January 2025

This study examines the relationship between cultural values and student performance in the school setting. It addresses how cultural values shape students’ academic achievements and overall educational success. While previous research has explored the role of cultural values in education, there has been limited analysis of their direct effect on student performance in specific contexts, such as Njombe. This research implemented behaviourism theory and adopted a mixed- method case study approach. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews with 42 individuals, including students, teachers, and educational administrators from public or governmental schools in the Njombe region, southern Tanzania. The findings indicate that cultural values substantially impact student's academic success, with most participants acknowledging this influence. However, perceptions vary, revealing challenges and opportunities in integrating cultural factors into education. The insights provided by this study underscore the importance of incorporating cultural considerations into educational practices and interventions to enhance student achievement.
DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES IN STUDENTS’ SHORT STORIES AT STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SMAN) 1 KARANGANYAR
Authors: Pepsi Febriyanti  , Budi Santosa Rochmat , Rohardiyanto Irwan
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze the realization of derivational affixes in eleventh-grade students’ writing assignments in the specialization class, which is literature class at State Senior High School (SMAN) 1 Karanganyar. Plag, Carstairs and McCarthy, and Haspelmath and Sims were the theories used in this research. These theories are related to the characteristics of derivational affixes, the kinds of word class changes in derivational affixes, and the categories of derivational affixes. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with the document analysis technique to gather data from eleventh-grade students’ writings.  The researcher found 285 words formed through the derivational affixes process. While derivational infixes were not found in the study, the findings show that derivational suffixes are more widely used than derivational prefixes. In short, students applied derivational affixes grammatically correctly in their writings.
Monitoring Business Cycle Fluctuations in Asia
Authors:   Asian Development Bank, Pundit Madhavi , Sorino Dennis ,   Asian Development Bank, Simba Patrick Jaime ,   Asian Development Bank Consultant, Tan Sharyl Rose ,   Asian Development Bank Consultant, Ramayandi Arief ,   Asian Development Bank Institute
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces an Economic Activity Index that can help provide timely insights on business cycle fluctuations to support effective policy decisions.
The paper explains how the index can monitor monthly business cycles in Asian economies using updated economic indicators across six categories: consumption, investment, trade, government, financial, and external sectors. It shows that machine learning algorithms accurately track output gap movements, offering a robust tool for monitoring economic fluctuations.
El cumplimiento tributario: sueño o realidad en las PYMES de la Zona 5 del Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Milagro, Ecuador., Valderrama Barragán Gloria Angélica
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio aborda la temática del cumplimiento tributario de las PYMES de la zona 5 del Ecuador, considerando que, la cultura tributaria se refiere a la percepción y comprensión que las PYMES tienen sobre los impuestos y su obligación de pagarlos. El objetivo del estudio se centró en evaluar las perspectivas del cumplimiento tributario: sueño o realidad en las PYMES de la Zona 5 del Ecuador. La metodología posee un enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo, analítico, de tipo transversal y no experimental, considerando la aplicación del formato de encuesta con respuestas cerradas y escala Likert a 378 pequeñas y medianas empresas. Dentro de los principales resultados obtenidos, se observa que, existe una necesidad de mayor educación y concienciación sobre el cumplimiento tributario y la importancia de cumplir con las obligaciones tributarias. Además, la falta de cumplimiento tributario no es excusa para otros contribuyentes, ya que la mayoría de los encuestados (73%) está de acuerdo en que la falta de honestidad de algunos contribuyentes no es excusa para que otros no paguen sus impuestos. Se concluye que, la falta de transparencia e información sobre las obligaciones tributarias y consecuencias del incumplimiento genera incertidumbre y ansiedad entre los contribuyentes, lo que puede llevar a una falta de confianza en el sistema tributario.
Estrategias de prevención de enfermedades crónicas en diferentes grupos de edad: Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors:   Universidad de las Américas Quito Ecuador, Caguate Miranda Dario Javier , Borja Martínez Julieth Natasha ,   Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial Quito
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio aborda las estrategias de prevención de enfermedades crónicas en diferentes grupos de edad, considerando que, suelen ser de larga duración y son el resultado de una combinación de factores genéticos, fisiológicos, ambientales y de comportamiento. El objetivo principal se centró identificar las estrategias de prevención de enfermedades crónicas en diferentes grupos de edad. El presente estudio posee un enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo, transversal y no experimental, dirigido a analizar las bases de datos como Dialnet, Scielo, Taylor & Francis, Elsevier, así como documentos subidos a Google Academic, en el período comprendido entre el 2020-2025. Dentro de los principales resultados, se observa que, la prevención de enfermedades crónicas se adapta según la edad: lactancia y hábitos saludables en niños; educación y prevención del tabaquismo en adolescentes; manejo del estrés en adultos jóvenes; control de riesgos en mediana edad; y un enfoque integral en adultos mayores que incluya bienestar emocional y acceso a salud. Se concluye que, la eficacia de las estrategias de prevención de enfermedades crónicas se basa en su adaptación a cada grupo de edad. Esto permite reducir su incidencia y mejorar la salud pública, requiriendo colaboración entre gobiernos, organizaciones de salud y comunidades para asegurar su efectividad.
Prevalent and Exceptional Milk Species with the Possibilities of Their Applications in Famous Dairy Products
Authors: JM Kassem
Published: January 2025

Milk is considered as one of the first foodstuffs that are given to the neonates of various species. Mammalian milk composition
grants a unique natural fluid that meets the requirements for every single species. Variation in different milk proteins makes
each type of milk suitable for a particular purpose. Dairy products are deeming a significant food source for several consumers
categories. The most common ruminant's species milk used for dairy manufacturing for a long time are cow, buffalo, goat and
sheep. Recently, many researches have focused on some rare animal species which had diverse positive effect on human health.
These species are camel, mare, donkey and yaks. This research is an overview and comparison between milk composition
& protein types and ratio in different mammalian like human, cow, buffalo, goat, sheep, camel, mare and donkey milk.
Furthermore, comparing digestibility of these milk types, and highlighting the possibility of producing some dairy products
from unusual milk species to gain the benefits of its biological properties. Moreover, the alternative methods that can be used
to deal with the production problems when using the non-common milk species.
Combating Cyber VAT Fraud in the EU Member States: A Comparative Study of Criminal and Criminal Procedure Law
Authors: G Baratto
Published: January 2025

VAT fraud has long posed a major challenge to the economic stability of individual countries and the European Union (EU) as a
whole. In recent years, the convergence of VAT fraud and cybercrime has led to a new phenomenon: cyber VAT fraud. Despite
its increasing prevalence, this complex issue has not yet been sufficiently researched and a comprehensive framework to
combat it effectively has yet to be developed.
This article is an anticipation of the comparative legal analysis on combating cyber VAT fraud in the European Union, which is
part of the project "EU CYBER VAT - Fighting cyber-VAT fraud in the EU: a comparative criminological and criminal law study",
co-founded by the Union Anti-Fraud Program (EUAF) of the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF).
The EU CYBER VAT project aims to fill this gap by assessing the adequacy of the existing legal framework both at EU and Member
State level. The comparative analysis examines whether the current rules, including the PIF Directive and its implementation
at national level, provide solid and effective protection against the new threats posed by cyber VAT fraud.
Perceptions of the tutor teachers on the pedagogical and professional competence of pre-service teacher professional education in University of Islam Malang
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Setiawan Yayan Eryk , Zauri Ahmad Sufyan , Murniatie Itsnaniyah Umie
Published: January 2025

One of the problems faced by student teachers is the low level of pedagogical and professional competence. To overcome this problem, one must find out the teacher's perception of these two competencies. Therefore, this research aims to analyze pre-service teachers' perceptions regarding the pedagogical and professional competence of students in the pre-service teacher professional education study program at the Islamic University of Malang. This type of research is quantitative research with a survey approach. This research population was conducted in 66 schools. The research sample consisted of 120 civil service teachers who assessed Teacher Professional Education (PPG) students who carried out practical learning activities. This research instrument is a questionnaire to determine the teacher's perception of students' pedagogical and professional competence, consisting of 64 valid and reliable statements. The results of filling out the questionnaire were analyzed by determining the average. The research results show that the average teacher's perception of prospective teacher students' pedagogical and professional competence is 4.61 and 4.66, which means very good. It is concluded that prospective teacher students have excellent pedagogical and professional competencies for each study program in Teacher Professional Education. Apart from that, the implications of the results of this research can be used by lecturers to improve professional and pedagogical competency indicators, which, on average, are still low through classroom learning.