bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIRECT SEEDING FOR FOREST RESTORATION IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL: INFLUENCE OF SOIL CONDITIONS AND SUBTROPICAL CLIMATE
Authors: Balestrin Piaia Bruna , Rovedder Ana Paula Moreira , Giacomini Idiane Fátima , Felker Roselene Marostega , Maureen de Moraes Stefanello  , Rafaela Badinelli Hummel  , Ricardo Bergamo Schenato
Published: December 2022

In this study, we evaluated the direct seeding of tree Atlantic Forest species for ecological restoration under subtropical climate. We aimed to answer: Are the seedling survival and development influenced by the low temperatures in the winter or soil conditions? Which species have the best development and are most suitable for restoration projects in the subtropical region? The study was carried out in a degraded riparian forest in the center of the Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. The seeded species were Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, Psidium cattleyanum Sabine, Eugenia uniflora L., Cupania vernalis Cambess., Prunus myrtifolia L. (Urb.), Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. Evaluations were performed monthly for 12 months. Generalized linear models (GLM) were evaluated using emergence, survival and seedling height as response variables, also species and time as explanatory variables with the Gamma distribution. The species that germinated were P. cattleyanum, E. uniflora and C. vernalis. Eugenia uniflora presented a higher germination rate (83.33%) and survival (80.00%) at 360 days after sowing. The species did not differ in height growth. We noted differences in height development over time caused by winter conditions. Cupania vernalis and E. uniflora may be considered as potential species for direct seeding in their natural occurrence areas in southern Brazil. Our study highlights the importance of enhancing ecological aspects of direct seeding.
LOGÍSTICA REVERSA DAS EMBALAGENS DE AGROTÓXICOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE FRUTAL/MG NO CONTEXTO NACIONAL
Authors: Santos Panta Airan Miguel , Lima Gallotti Rodrigo , Luciano Alves Barroso Marcos , Virginia Ferreira Carla
Published: December 2022

A atividade agrícola gera subprodutos diversos, dentre os quais destacam-se as embalagens de agrotóxicos, que se caracterizam por serem elementos perigosos no que se refere à poluição/contaminação ambiental. Para esse tipo de resíduo a Lei nº 7.802/1989 (Lei dos agrotóxicos) e a Lei nº 12.305/2010 (Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos), determinam que seja realizada a logística reversa, de modo que estes retornem em segurança para o fabricante. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa tem por objetivos: Diagnosticar a situação atual da logística reversa das embalagens de agrotóxicos e analisar os dados do comércio de agrotóxicos e do recolhimento de embalagens pelo estudo de caso da Cidade de Frutal/MG durante os anos de 2019 e 2020. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo in loco no Associação de Revendedores Agrícolas de Frutal (ARAFRUTAL), bem como foram obtidos dados do Sistema de Controle do Comércio de Agrotóxicos (SICCA) do Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária (IMA), realizando o mapeamento e tratamento de dados para analisar o comportamento mensal e anual do posto de coleta de embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos vinculado ao sistema nacional de coleta de embalagens do Instituto Nacional de Processamento de Embalagens Vazias (inpEV). Verificou-se que as embalagens de 1 kg, 5 kg, 1 l, 5 l, 10 l e 20 l são as embalagens mais vendidas. Em 2020, no Munícipio de Frutal foram comercializadas 635.000 unidades de agrotóxicos, sendo, 231.607 l e 651.580 kg de produtos, que representa respectivamente 58,46% e 37,17% a mais que o demandado no ano de 2019. A logística reversa realizada das embalagens foi de plásticos e papéis. Dos plásticos: 34.990 kg em 2019 e 35.615 kg em 2020. No ano de 2020, o posto de coleta recebeu 20,51% menos material que o ano de 2019, observando desse modo que a devolução das embalagens, apresentou baixos índices. Logo, observou-se que o consumo dos produtos aumentou, mas, a devolução das embalagens reduziu. Neste viés, faz-se necessário a conscientização da importância dessa prática junto aos agricultores, incentivando as devoluções das embalagens.
Analisis Dampak Instrumen Kebijakan Moneter Terhadap Stabilitas Perekonomian di Indonesia
Authors: Rahmadani Fauzi , Aimon Hasdi
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine how the influence of monetary policy instruments on economic stability in Indonesia. Monetary policy instruments as exogenous variables are policies in the money supply M2 (X1) and Bank Indonesia interest rates (X2) while indicators of economic stability as endogenous variables can be seen from price stability (Y1) and exchange rate stability (Y2). This research is descriptive and associative research. The data used in this study is monthly secondary data from January 2001 to December 2020 which was collected through documentation from the relevant agencies. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis and inductive analysis. In the inductive analysis there are several tests, namely (1) Stationarity Test; (2) Cointegration Test; (3) Multiple Linear Regression Test and Error Correction Model (ECM); (4) Classical Assumption Test; (5) T test and F test. The results of this study is: (1) in the long term and short term the money supply M2 has a negative effect on price stability in Indonesia; (2) Bank Indonesia interest rates in the long term and short term have a positive influence on price stability in Indonesia; (3) in the long term and short term The money supply M2 has a positive influence on the stability of the exchange rate in Indonesia; (4) Bank Indonesia interest rates in the long term and short term have a positive influence on exchange rate stability in Indonesia.
Le Mélange et l’Alternance Codique du Français en Anglais dans l’Instagram
Authors: Krismuntika Wingga , Kusrini Nani , Ikhtiarti Endang
Published: December 2022

Cette recherche a pour but de décrire le mélange et l’alternance codique du français en anglaise dans le media social Instagram et aussi les facteurs provoquant l’utilisation de ces phénomène langagiers.  C’est une étude de descriptive qualitative qui a utilisé l’observation et la notation comme le technique de la collecte de données et la méthode equivalent intralingua utilisant le composant PARLANT pour analyser des données.  Le résultat montre qu’il y a 45 données sur le mélange de code dont le detail se compose de 25 mélanges intra-sententielle et 25 mélanges intra-lexical.  Tandis que pour l’alternance codique, il y a 59 qui se compose de 45 alternnce inter-sententielle, 14 alternance emblématique (simbolique). Les factuers à l’origine de l’utilisation du mélange et de l’alternance codique sont parler du sujet particulier, citer quelqu’un autre, emphatique à propos de quelque chose, remplisseur ou connecteurs de phrases, intention de clarifier le contenu de discussion, et répétition utilisée pour clarification.Mots-clés: mélange et alternance codique, Instagram, facteurs de l’utilisationThis research aims to describe the code-mixing and code-switching of French on Instagram and determine the factors causing the use of these linguistic phenomena. It is a qualitative descriptive study that used observation and notation as the data collection technique and the intralingual equivalent method using the SPEAKING component to analyze data. The result shows that there are 45 data on the code-mixing, which consists of 25 intra-sential mixing and 25 intra-lexical mixings. Meanwhile, for code-switching, there are 59 data which consists of 45 inter-sentential switchings and 14 emblematic (symbolic) switchings. Factors behind the use of code-mising and code-switching are talking about a particular topic, quoting someone else, being emphatic about something, sentence fillers or connectors, intention to clarify discussion content, and repetition used for clarification.Keywords:  Code Mixing, Code Switching, Instagram, Usage factors
Développement Du Matériau D’apprentissage Du Français Au Lycée Basé Sur La Bande Dessinée En Utilisant L’application Touch Manga
Authors: Tobing Winda Chronika , Soraya Tengku Ratna
Published: December 2022

Cette recherche vise à développer du matériel "Se Presenter" basé sur la bande dessinée française pour les étudiants en utilisant l'application Touch Manga. Cette recherche est un type de recherche et développement (R&D). Cette étude reprend les étapes de Sugiyono qui ont été modifiées, à savoir (1) identification des potentiels et des problèmes en procédant à une analyse des besoins à l'aide d'un questionnaire destiné aux élèves de la classe X IPA 5 SMA à Negeri 1 Doloksanggul et des entretiens avec les enseignants, (2) Collecte des données par le biais de questionnaires d'analyse des besoins, d'entretiens avec des enseignants et d'étude de la littérature, (3) la conception du produit, à savoir la conception de bande dessinée à l'aide de l'application Touch Manga, (4) la validation du produit réalisée par deux experts, à savoir : l’expert en matériaux et l’expert en médias, et (5 ) revues de produits basées sur l'évaluation des validateurs des résultats pour atteindre une norme raisonnable. Analyse des données avec la pourcentage d'approche quantitative descriptive. Les résultats de la recherche et développement de matériaux à l'aide de l'application multimédia de bande dessinée Touch Manga ont été déclarés réalisables en termes de matériel avec un niveau de faisabilité de 80 % et d'un point de vue médiatique avec un niveau de faisabilité de 83 %. Sur la base des résultats de l'étude, on peut conclure que le matériel et les médias comiques qui est développés sur le thème de la présentation de soi peuvent être appliqués dans le processus d'apprentissage la compétences de lecture en français chez élèves.Mots clés: la bande dessinée, se présenter, média d’apprentissage, Touch Manga
Surpassing Factual Preservation
Authors: Chen Xianle
Published: December 2022

This historiographical paper gains novelty by rebutting the medicine-centered methodology frequently employed in the positivist studies of pharmaceutical history. Based on the critiques of current literature, this paper conveys two interrelated points. First, the factual approach adopted by positivist pharmaceutical historians demonstrates the explanatory limitations that the report-like discourses on the history of drugs and medicines are too pedantic to be rationally insightful. Second, the attempts of developing a sociocultural framework for the British history of opium consumption remain an underdeveloped topic for the constructionist historiography of pharmaceutical science. Taken together, the author attempts to hypothesize a research methodology for the constructionist pharmaceutical history by introducing a theory of interaction that uses an interpretive approach to humanize the past of drugs and medicines for the philosophical explorations of the human-centered world. In doing so, pharmaceutical history is able to fully realize its long-wasted potential as an intellectual source of enlightenment.
The Importance of Money in the System of Economic Relations
Authors: Varfolomeeva V. A. , Gribanov A. V.
Published: December 2022

Analysis of the development of monetary theories indicates the importance of money in the system of economic relations. The article defines: the role, qualities, functions of money. The author mentions the gradual development of the digital ruble. In conclusion, the author points out that money is the embodiment of the economic power of the state and is intended to maintain it.
honras fúnebres de María de Mendoza en Venecia en 1596
Authors: Galera Mendoza Esther
Published: December 2022

María Rafaela Villalverche, también conocida como María de Mendoza, nació a mediados del siglo XVI en Madrid, de padres desconocidos. Fue educada por Alonso Villalverche, un ciudadano francés afincado en Madrid que trabajaba al servicio de Benito de Cisneros. Recibió instrucción musical y en su juventud se dedicó de forma profesional a la música, primero al servicio de la marquesa de Alcañices, y más tarde cantando y tañendo en casas aristocráticas y señoriales de Madrid. Sus cualidades personales y su talento musical le granjearon el amor de Iñigo López de Mendoza, hijo del III marqués de Mondéjar, con el cual contrajo matrimonio. La mayor parte de su vida transcurrió en Alcalá de Henares, de cuya Universidad fue catedrático su esposo Iñigo de Mendoza, hasta que en 1592 Felipe II le eligió como parte de una importante misión diplomática en París que fue seguida por una breve estancia en Bruselas como miembro del Consejo de Estado y Guerra. En 1595 fue nombrado embajador ante la República de Venecia. María de Mendoza acompañó a su esposo en esta embajada y falleció poco tiempo después en Venecia, donde la República le organizó un fastuoso funeral y encargó a Enea Piccolomini la oración fúnebre que se leyó en sus exequias.
Juan de Juni y el foco toledano de escultura. Las imágenes para Renera (Guadalajara)
Authors: Vasallo Toranzo Luis
Published: December 2022

En 1544 dos artistas secundarios del arzobispado toledano encargaron a Juan de Juni las imágenes principales del retablo de la pequeña localidad de Renera (Guadalajara). La encomienda permite ampliar el catálogo del francés en sus primeros años vallisoletanos y, sobre todo, relacionarlo con Alonso Berruguete y con el foco toledano de escultura.
Mutation Based Hybrid Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
Authors: Musyoka Wilson M. , Omala Andrew , Katila Charles
Published: December 2022

Mobile Adhoc NETworks (MANETs) usually present challenges such as a highly dynamic topology due to node mobility, route rediscovery process, and packet loss. This leads to low throughput, a lot of energy consumption, delay and low packet delivery ratio. In order to ensure that the route is not rediscovered over and over, multipath routing protocols such as Adhoc Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) is used in order to utilize the alternate routes. However, nodes that have low residual energy can die and add to the problem of disconnection of network and route rediscovery. This paper proposes a multipath routing algorithm based on AOMDV and genetic mutation. It takes into account residual energy, hop count, congestion and received signal strength for primary route selection. For secondary path selection it uses residual energy, hop count, congestion and received signal strength together with mutation. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm gives better performance results compared to AOMDV by 11% for residual energy, 45% throughput, 3% packet delivery ratio, and 63% less delay.
Reflexiones antropológicas sobre las infraestructuras urbanas a partir de una experiencia de investigación-extensión en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires
Authors: Girola María Florencia , Garibotti María Belén
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir al estudio antropológico de las infraestructuras urbanas a través de la sistematización teórica y la indagación empírica. Ambas actividades se encuentran en curso y aquí presentamos las primeras reflexiones resultantes de tal experiencia. Por un lado, recuperamos antecedentes de investigación mayormente recientes que nos llevarán a conceptualizar la infraestructura como ensamblaje sociotécnico en el cual convergen materialidades, temporalidades, sujetos y saberes ‒entre otras facetas relevantes‒. Por otro lado, avanzamos en un análisis de prácticas vinculadas a la gestión de la infraestructura urbana de saneamiento de un barrio situado en la periferia del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Este segundo aspecto se sustenta en un trabajo de campo etnográfico que las autoras llevamos adelante en el barrio Roberto Arlt del Municipio de La Matanza. Dicha labor se realiza en el marco de proyectos colectivos e interdisciplinarios de investigación, extensión y transferencia institucionalmente acreditados.
Genetic divergence and character significance in sweet potato genotypes for silage production
Authors: Mistico Azevedo Alcinei , De Andrade Júnior Valter Carvalho , Figueiredo José Altair , Pedrosa Carlos Enrrik , Silva Viana Daniel José , Lemos Vinícius Teixeira , Neiva Irã Pinheiro
Published: December 2022

Considering the need to adopt more sustainable agricultural systems, it is important that sweet potato breeding programs seek to increase not only root productivity, but also the productivity and quality of branches for silage production. The objective was to evaluate the genetic divergence and the importance of traits associated with the production and quality of branch silage in sweet potato genotypes. The experiment was conducted on the JK Campus of the Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys in a randomized block design with 12 treatments and four repetitions. Twelve characteristics of branches and silage were evaluated. There was genetic variability between the genotypes, making it possible to select parents divergent for future breeding programs for silage production. The genotypes BD-54 and BD-31TO were the most divergent in relation to the others, being indicated its use in crossbreeding aiming the improvement of the culture for silage, once the high performance per se of all genotypes evaluated has already been verified in previous works. The characteristics Na, TDN and NDF were those that most contributed to the divergence.
A novel launch of public-scientist-partnership (PSP) project as engine for conserving natural resource and creating economic prosperity
Authors: Yadav Jaya R.C.
Published: December 2022

Some developmental projects are created by people-private partnerships (PPP), particularly where recovery is acquirable by levying the users. Such PPPs are successful for construction of roads, bridges, running toilet facilities and conveyance facility in mode of use and pay. Likewise, public-scientist partnerships (PSPs) will be successful, where monitored impacts can be used to derive benefit. But such example cases are not so popular in utilizing new research results and derive benefits from natural resources and enhance productivity. There is a demand for similar partnership projects in research area. In this study modality of the PSP to create boost engine for natural resource conservation and bring economic prosperity is established. A novel PSP launch was synthesized on useful food crop viz. finger millet (Elusiane corcona (l)), which has been known since long past, and now is regaining popularity. It was possible to enhance additional annual production of 5.755 million tonnes of finger millet grain, equivalent to additional income of Rs 11,510 crores. Against this the scientist partnership share was 0.49x million tonnes grain and economic equivalency of Rs 992 crores, which was just 7–8%, with same level of input in agriculture. Additional benefits were sustainability of production and resources consecration, reduction of greenhouse gas emission (GHGs), particularly nitrous oxide (N2O), largely emanating from agriculture and responsible for depletion of ozone layer. The finger millet stiff stem will be useable for production of ply-board filling material that will be innovative building material for housing and infrastructure developments and making furniture.
Lettuce culture in semi-hydroponics with a normal nutrient solution and using treated wastewater
Authors: Rodrigues Sónia , Carvalho Fátima , Almeida Adelaide , Guerreiro Idália , Prazeres Ana , Regato Mariana
Published: December 2022

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of using three different substrates in the semi-hydroponic culture of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) using two different nutrient solutions. A first trial was performed with a nutrient solution rich in macronutrients and micronutrients suitable for lettuce culture, and a second trial with a nutrient solution with pretreated wastewater from effluents of a cheese factory. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three repetitions and three substrates were used: perlite, coconut fiber, and expanded clay, in both trials. The following parameters were observed: number of leaves, diameter of the cabbage, fresh and dry weight of the aerial part, chlorophyll index and mineral composition of the lettuce. For the first trial, the highest result for the number of leaves (20 leaves), fresh weight (142.0 g) and dry weight (7.2 g) of the aerial part was obtained in the plants growing on perlite. In the second trial, the highest result for the number of leaves (28 leaves), diameter of cabbage (26.7 cm), fresh weight (118.8 g) and dry weight (9.5 g) of the aerial part were achieved by the plants that were grown in coconut fiber. The nutrient solutions were analyzed after each irrigation cycle to verify the possibility of their discharge into the environment. Several parameters were analyzed: pH, conductivity, redox potential, nitrates, nitrites, ammoniacal nitrogen, chlorides, hardness, calcium, phosphates, sodium, potassium, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and magnesium. Ammoniacal nitrogen was found to be the only nutrient that can limits the discharge of nutrient solutions into the environment. It was also proven that the plants, besides obtaining the nutrients necessary for their development in the semi-hydroponic system with the nutrient solution with pre-treated residual water, also functioned as a purification system, allowing the said nutrient solution to be discharged into the environment at the end of each cycle.
Growth and photochemical efﬁciency of photosystem ii in seedlings of 2 varieties of Capsicum annuum L. inoculated with rhizobacteria or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Ferrera-Cerrato Ronald , Alarcón Alejandro , Almaraz-Suárez Juan José , Delgadillo-Martínez Julián , Jiménez-Fernández Maribel , García-Barradas Oscar
Published: December 2022

An alternative for sustainable management in the cultivation of Capsicum annuum L. has focused on the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This research selected PGPRPGPR and AMF based on their effect on Bell Pepper and Jalapeño bell pepper plants. Five bacterial strains isolated from different localities in the state of Mexico (P61 [Pseudomonas tolaasii], A46 [P. tolaasii], R44 [Bacillus pumilus], BSP1.1 [Paenibacillus sp.] and OLs-Sf5 [Pseudomonas sp.]) and 3 AMF treatments (H1 [consortium isolated from Chile rhizosphere in the state of Puebla], H2 [Rhizophagus intraradices] and H3 [consortium isolated from lemon rhizosphere from the state of Tabasco]). In addition, a fertilized treatment (Steiner solution 25%) and an absolute control were included. Jalapeño bell pepper “Caloro” and Bell Pepper “California Wonder” seedlings were inoculated with AMF at sowing and with CPB 15 days after emergence, and grown under controlled environment chamber conditions. In Jalapeño bell pepper, the best bacterial strain was P61 and the best AMF treatment was H1; in Bell Pepper the best strain was R44 and the best AMF were H3 and H1. These microorganisms increased the growth of jalapeño bell pepper and Bell Pepper seedlings compared to the unfertilized control. Likewise, P61 and R44 positively beneﬁted the photosynthetic capacity of PSII.
Blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) fertilized with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium: Effect on anthracnose under controlled conditions
Authors: Bautista-Montealegre Luis Gabriel , Bolaños-Benavides Martha Marina , Argüelles-Cárdenas Jorge Humberto , Fischer Gerhard
Published: December 2022

In order to seek management alternatives for anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.), at the Tibaitatá Research Center of the Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation AGROSAVIA (formerly CORPOICA), an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the application of the major elements nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) on infections of the fungus C. gloeosporioides strain-52. For this purpose, a randomized complete block design was used with an arrangement of treatments in an orthogonal central composite design. To evaluate the relationship of fertilization levels and disease severity, an artificial inoculation was made on thorny blackberry stems using 0.5 cm mycelial discs at a concentration of 9.53 × 104 conidia. Observations consisted of: disease severity (S), incubation period (IP) and rate of development (r). Data analysis was done by the cluster method on the severity variable, a Pearson correlation analysis between variables, as well as a regression to estimate the effect of nutrients applied on the severity of C. gloeosporioides strain-52. The treatments were concentrated in four groups with the ranges (in parentheses) S (15.9% and 91.8%), PI (9 and 15.3) and Tr (0.0254 and 0.0468). A positive and significant correlation was observed between S and r (P < 0.001) and a negative correlation between PI with S and r (P < 0.001). By means of regression analysis, a linear model was generated that showed a reduction in disease severity with increasing N dose and an increase with the levels of P and Ca applied.
Non-pollinating floral visitors of the Cucurbita genus plants and their relationship with the presence of pollinating bees
Authors: Paola Mazzei Mariana , Luis Vesprini José , Galetto Leonardo
Published: December 2022

Flower-visiting insects may be pollinators or, conversely, unrelated to the reproductive process of plants. Interactions between pollinating and non-pollinating flower visitors can negatively influence pollen transfer. Little is known about the effects of bee visits on pollination of squash (Cucurbita spp.) flowers and their interactions with the presence of other floral visitors. The study was conducted at the Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (Universidad Nacional de Rosario) in the south of Santa Fe (Argentina) and evaluated the effect of the presence of non-pollinating floral visitors on bee foraging in the flowers of two cultivated squash species. Flower sex and squash species C. maxima and C. moschata were included as variables. A total of 937 visitors were recorded in 403 flowers. Bees of the tribes Eucerini and Apini were the most abundant pollinators with an average of 2.3 individuals per flower during 10 minutes of observation. Diptera, flower sex and squash species did not influence the number of bee visits, whereas the prolonged stay of coleoptera and formicids negatively affected the presence of bees on both squash species. The presence of coleoptera reduced bee visits by 38%, while in the presence of ants, bees did not visit the flowers. The theft of nectar and pollen by non-pollinating floral visitors could have a negative effect on the reproductive success of squash.
Increase in okra production with the addition of nitrogen
Authors: Coutinho-Miranda Valdilene , Pascual-Reyes Irais Dolores , Torquato-Tavares Aline , Gonçalves-Carline João Victor , Silva-Sousa Kássio Abel , Rodrigues-do-Nascimento Ildon
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Growth, yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) are related to fertilizer application, being nitrogen (N) the most outstanding, due to its direct relationship with photosynthesis and vegetative growth of the plant. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and productivity characteristics of okra as a function of N dose. Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the experimental area of Campus Gurupi, the Universidad Federal de Tocantins (UFT), Brazil, in two planting periods (autumn/winter and spring/summer). The experimental design used was randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments (50, 100, 150, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1) and four replications. Urea was used as a source of N. The characteristics evaluated were: productivity, average fruit mass, height and plant chlorophyll index. Results: Productivity and plant height were superior in the fall/winter crop. Mean fruit mass and chlorophyll index were not influenced by planting time. For productivity, a linear response was obtained with increasing dose up to the limit of the N dose used (250 kg ha-1), with a mean value higher than 14 t of fruit. Mean mass and plant height responded linearly to increasing N dose. Nitrogen affected the chlorophyll index, with maximum values of 45.96 and 47.19, observed in the two evaluation periods. Conclusion: Planting time and N content in the soil interacted with plant height, being favorable in the period without precipitation. N influenced all the characteristics, demonstrating the importance of nitrogen fertilization in the development of okra plants.
Changes of anthocyanins and residual ethylene of table grapes with color promotants treated
Authors: Báez-Sañudo Rebasa , Mercado-Ruiz Jorge Nemesio , González-García L. C. , Sánchez-Estrada Alberto , González-León Alberto
Published: December 2022

Different color-promoting treatments were tested on table grape cv. “Flame Seedlees” to evaluate changes on ﬂavonoids such as anthocyanins and the residual ethylene produced. Treatments were spray-applied at the onset of veraison. The control was Ethrel at 250 ppm (ETH), Salicylic Acid at 100 ppm (AS), Melatonin at 25 ppm (MEL) and 1:1 mixtures of ETH+AS, ETH+MEL and AS+MEL. The trials were conducted in triplicate after harvest, measuring Total Soluble Solids (% TSS), total acidity (% tartaric acid), pH, residual ethylene (ppm) and anthocyanin content (mg∙cm-2). It was found that treatments ETH, AS, MEL and ETH+AS reached 16% TSS, standing out with lower values ETH +MEL (14.27%) and AS+MEL (15.17%) (p ≤ 0.05). ETH reached 0.83 ppm of residual ethylene, while a sum effect was appreciated in ETH+AS (0.5 ppm) and ETH+MEL (0.35 ppm), but not beneficial as it did not reﬂect quality characteristics. Only differences (p ≤ 0.05) in anthocyanin content were recorded between ETH (0.019 mg∙cm-2) and AS+MEL (0.003 mg∙cm-2). The subjective color of the grape bunches in the field made it possible to relate it to the objective results of the analyses performed. This research provides commercially important information on the substitution of Ethrel by natural compounds such as AS and MEL, as they show similar effects on the quality of “Flame Seedless” table grapes. In addition, these compounds do not have an ethylene residual greater than 0.2 mg/kg.
Physiological changes of pitayo fruit (Stenocereus thurberi) before and after harvest in Sonoran Desert
Authors: Mercado-Ruiz Jorge Nemesio , Ojeda Contreras Angel Javier , Tiznado Hernández Martín Ernesto
Published: December 2022

Open pitaya (Stenocereus thurberi) flowers were marked at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after ﬂoration (DAF). When fruit were formed, they were collected from each of the dates with the objective of evaluating physical, physiological and quality changes before and after harvest. In fruits with different DAF, the analyses of fruit size (diameter and length), weight, density, firmness, color in pulp and peel (L*, a* and b*), respiration rate (CO2) and ethylene production were carried out. In the case of ripe and overripe fruit, in addition to the variables mentioned above, pH, percentage of total soluble solids TSS and total acidity (% citric acid equivalents) were evaluated. Fruit with 40 DAF were stored for up to 14 days at 25 ℃ and 80% RH to evaluate daily changes in respiration rate and ethylene production. It was found that during development the fruit tended to grow more in length than in diameter. In color, the best indicators of changes during fruit development were the parameters L* and b* for peel and for flesh L* and a*. For firmness in pitaya fruits, no signiﬁcant differences were found with the methodology used. Changes in ethylene production and respiration rate during storage and development showed the usual behavior of climacteric fruits. Pitaya fruits with 40 FDD presented quality characteristics similar to those accepted by the consumer for this type of fruit. It is concluded that it is possible to evaluate the different stages of development in DDF of pitaya fruit based on the changes of the color space variables L*, a* and b*, in addition to the fact that the fruit follows the classical climacteric behavior.
Analysis of alternatives for the production of vegetative seed of Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft in Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Atencio Solano Liliana Margarita , Villamil Carvajal Jorge Enrique , Garnica Montaña Johanna Paola , Martínez Reina Antonio María
Published: December 2022

The propagation of plant material in the arracacha crop is commonly done vegetatively through asexual seed, this activity has allowed its multiplication and conservation over time. The plant material available is of low quality, affecting the development and potential yield of the crop and therefore the producer’s income. The objective of the research was to comparatively analyze two technologies for the production of arracacha seed: local technology and Agrosavia technology. The information for the local technology was obtained from surveys applied to farmers and the selection was made using the deterministic sampling technique, and for the Agrosavia technology through the recording of data and production costs in research lots at commercial scale. Descriptive statistics and calculation of economic return indicators were applied for the two situations. The results show that the use of quality seed allows obtaining higher seed production (251,559 unit ha-1) and tuberous roots (25,875 kg ha-1), being superior to local technology by 14% and 28% respectively; thus, the arracacha producer acquires greater economic efficiency by obtaining lower unit cost per kilo produced and better net income with a marginal rate of return of 316.45. The results achieved are useful for farmers, companies and entities that wish to produce quality seed and support the arracacha production system in Colombia.
Modalities and planting seasons in lettuce cultivation in Gurupi, state of Tocantins (Gurupi-To), Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Tiago Alves , Pascual Reyes Irais Dolores , Torquato Tavares Aline , Do Nascimento Ildon Rodrigues
Published: December 2022

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the main leafy vegetable grown in Brazil. Its productivity and quality are limited by the growing season, the nearby environment and the type of cultivar adopted. The objective of this work was to verify at different times of the year the best planting environment for lettuce cultivation in a semi-humid tropical climate. For this purpose, an experiment was set up in three different seasons (October–November 2014, January–March, May–July 2015). The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of three seasons, three cultivars (cvs. Vera®, Tainá® and Rafaela®) and two growing environments (low tunnel with beds protected with mulching consisting of soil protection with plastic fabric covering, and beds without protection or conventional cultivation) and four replicates per treatment. Plant biomass, stem length, head diameter, number of leaves per head and crop productivity were evaluated as response parameters. The results showed that the May–July period favored biomass production, head diameter and productivity. Despite the similarity between varieties, the variety Vera® is more productive in biomass, number of leaves per head, stem length and productivity. The low tunnel planting system with mulching is adequate under the conditions evaluated for lettuce cultivation. This system in the May–July period favors a superior development in the characteristics biomass, head diameter and productivity, if compared to conventional cultivation during the October–November period.
Performance of cauliflower cultivars under different phytosanitary management in summer/autumn crops, under no-till in Santa Catarina
Authors: Vieira Neto João , Gonçalves Paulo Antônio de Souza , Menezes Júnior Francisco Olmar Gervini de , Araújo Edivânio Rodrigues de , Kurtz Claudinei
Published: December 2022

The performance of five cauliflower cultivars in conventional and alternative phytosanitary management—without the use of synthetic pesticides—was evaluated. Two experiments were conducted at Epagri, Ituporanga Experimental Station in February 2018 and 2019. A randomized block design with four repetitions was adopted, with twenty plants of each cultivar as plots. The seedlings were transplanted on millet and mucuna straw at a spacing of 0.5 m × 0.8 m. We evaluated agronomic yield, inflorescence quality, pest damage and plant diseases, especially bacterial and fungal rots. The cauliflower hybrids Vera, Verona and Serena stood out in productivity and quality, being the most indicated for sowing in off-season crops, in the Alto Vale do Itajaí region. The most productive cultivars were less damaged by bacterial diseases and defoliating caterpillars and without interference of whitefly infestation on yield. The results also reveal that it is possible to control pests and diseases with phytosanitary products of lower toxicity, i.e., with lower residues of synthetic pesticides.
Reuse of post-culture mushroom substrate in horticultural seedbeds
Authors: Yagüe María R. , Lobo M. Carmen
Published: December 2022

The agronomic use of mushroom post-harvest substrates (SPCHs) in horticultural seedbeds could be an interesting alternative for the reuse of these wastes in line with the European circular economy strategy. This work evaluates the potential use of four treatments with different SPCHs, mushroom (-Ch), mushroom (-St), mushroom compost (-CO), and a mixture (SPCH-Ch and SPCH-St) as substrates for lettuce and chili pepper seed germination. The trial was carried out in a germination chamber using commercial compost as a control treatment. The evaluation was based on its chemical (salinity, N and C content), physical (bulk and real density, porosity and water retention) and plant effect (germination and biomass) characteristics. Of the chemical properties studied, the high salinity in SPCH-Ch and SPCH-CO was a limiting factor for the development of the horticultural species evaluated (electrical conductivity 1:2.5; p/v; ~11 dS m-1), and low germination percentages were observed. Regarding physical properties, porosity and water retention, the SPCH-CO, SPCH-St and mixture treatments presented some values outside the optimal range established for germination substrates. In the case of SPCH-St, its high C/N ratio could be a limitation for supplying N to the crop. In relation to biomass production (aerial and root) of lettuce and chili pepper, all the treatments evaluated obtained similar values to the control treatment. The mixed treatment presented the highest biomass values, significantly higher in the lettuce crop. In general, the mixed treatment proved to be the best alternative for use in the seedbed.
Commercial classification and physicochemical characterization of beets from a no-till vegetable planting system under different densities of corn stover
Authors: De Oliveira Pacheco Bruna Regina , Rauana Makoski Jessica , Madruga Lima Cláudia Simone , Gerhardt da Rosa Gabriela
Published: December 2022

The cultivation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) for table or horticultural purposes is largely carried out in the conventional way which is characterized by intense mechanization causing soil degradation and high labor costs. New cultivation techniques are being employed in the production of vegetables aiming to ensure improvements in environmental and economic conditions, such as the no-till farming system. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetable classification and physicochemical characteristics of beets from different corn planting densities. The experiment was conducted in the period from October 2018 to June 2019 in the municipality of Nova Laranjeiras (PR). Corn was used as a cover plant and the vegetable used was beet cultivar Early Wonder Tall Top. The experimental design used was in interspersed blocks in unifactorial scheme (corn densities 40, 60, 80, 100 thousand plants/ha and control) with four blocks, with plots 3.60 m long and 1.20 m wide. The parameters evaluated 60 days after planting were: commercial classification (class, group, subgroup, category), length, diameter, mass, pulp firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH and ratio, phenolic compounds. Of which the variables that were not significant at 0.5 probability were length, category (defects), firmness, subgroup (flesh color), soluble solids and phenolic compounds. It is concluded that high densities of corn as mulch for SPDH of sugar beet crop negatively affect the grade and physicochemical characterization of the products.
RB706, RB707, RB708, RB709, RB710 and RB711 antibodies recognize a human ROR2 peptide by ELISA
Authors: Hammel Philippe , Ungureanu Daniela
Published: December 2022

The recombinant antibodies RB706, RB707, RB708, RB709, RB710 and RB711 detect by ELISA a synthetic peptide from the ROR2 protein.
RB714, RB715, RB716, RB717 and RB718 antibodies recognize the histone HMtA protein from Methanobrevibacter smithii by ELISA
Authors: Hammel Philippe , Pick Horst , Sutherland Duncan Bruce
Published: December 2022

The recombinant antibodies RB714, RB715, RB716, RB717 and RB718 detect by ELISA the M. smithi histone HMtA protein fused to a GST.
RB712 and RB713 antibodies recognize the Spargel protein by ELISA
Authors: Hammel Philippe , Ungureanu Daniela
Published: December 2022

The recombinant antibodies RB712 and RB713 detect by ELISA the Drosophila melanogaster Spargel protein (or GCH) fused to a GST protein.
Analysis of precipitation in the Danube Lowland (Slovakia) in 1921–2020
Authors: Kišš Vladimír , Čimo Ján , Tárník Andrej , Pagáč Jakub
Published: December 2022

Climate change is increasingly occurring not only in Slovakia and Europe, but worldwide. One of the consequences is frequent droughts alternating with extreme rainfall. Drought, especially in the spring months, causes water shortages in the soil and limited crop growth. Extreme rainfall causes frequent floods and destroys crops and property. The aim of this work was to statistically evaluate precipitation during January–December for the period 1921–2020 in the most fertile part of Slovakia – the Danube Lowland. The results show a statistically significant (p <0.10) decrease in precipitation in April and an increase in September, with the annual total precipitation from 535 to 600 mm (except for extremes in some years). The work provides a statistical analysis of changes and rainfall distributions over 100 years, which can help identify and address drought problems.
Interaction of the birch-bark terpenoids with human and bovine serum albumins
Authors: Kalchev Karamfil , Hristova Iva , Manova Gergana , Manov Lyubomir
Published: December 2022

Interactions between pentacyclic triterpenes isolated from white birch (Betula pendula Roth.) bark samples from Northeast Bulgaria and bovine serum albumin or human serum albumin were investigated using fluorescence techniques. The experimental results show the formation of complexes between the isolated triterpenes with serum albumins. Quenching of the intrinsic fluorescence of human serum albumins was monitored by emission spectra of varied quencher concentration solutions. By analysing the fluorescence spectra and fluorescence intensity, some parameters of the serum albumins - quencher interaction were determined to evaluate the type of quenching. An extract containing the isolated triterpenes formed complexes with both bovine serum albumin and human serum albumin, leading to quenching the fluorescence of both albumins by a combined quenching mechanism.
PEPENK: SENIMAN TARI KREATIF DAN HUMANIS
Authors: Diagusty Hanidar Fejri , Handayaningrum Warih , Rahayu Eko Wahyuni
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAKPerkembangan dunia era hari ini menciptakan manusia yang jauh dari rasa kemanusiaan. Adanya kreativitas yang melekat pada diri manusia tidak diimbangi dengan kesadaran akan suatu sistem dari ekosistem lingkungan. Pepenk sebagai seniman yang memiliki segudang prestasi dalam perjalanan kesenian memiliki pemahaman pentingnya menjaga ekosistem lingkungan. Sehingga sebagai tokoh yang kreatif yang humanis memunculkan rumusan masalah bagaimana proses kreatif pepenk dalam berkarya dan mengapa koreografi lingkungan menjadi penting baginya. Tujuan penelitian menjelaskan proses kreatif dibalik karya-karyanya dan mendeskripsikan pentingnya koreografi lingkungan bagi pribadi Pepenk. Hal tersebut akan dikupas dalam metode fenomenologis studi tokoh dengan teori psikoanalisa secara deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara sehingga menggunakan teknik triangulasi data. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengupas biografi Pepenk, pengalaman berkesenian dan karya-karyanya hingga memahami pentingnya pengajaran koreografi lingkungan diungkap dengan psikoanalisa klasifikasi arketipe oleh Jung.ABSTRACTPepenk: Creative and Humanist Dance Artist . The development of the world in today's era creates humans who are far from humanity. The existence of creativity inherent in humans is not balanced with awareness of a system of environmental ecosystems. Pepenk as an artist who has many achievements in the journey of art has an understanding of the importance of protecting environmental ecosystems. So that as a creative character who is humanist, he raises the problem formulation of how the creative process of Pepenk works and why environmental choreography is important to him. The aim of the research is to explain the creative process behind his works and to describe the importance of environmental choreography for Pepenk's personality. This will be discussed in the phenomenological method of character study with descriptive qualitative psychoanalytic theory. Data collection is done by observation, documentation and interviews so that using data triangulation techniques. The results of this study explore Pepenk's biography, experience in art and his works to understand the importance of teaching environmental choreography revealed by psychoanalysis of archetype classification by Jung.
NILAI SPIRITUAL TARI BEDHAYA SEKARJAGAD DI SANGGAR PAKARJAWI SEMARANG
Authors: Wulandari Dewi
Published: December 2022

RINGKASAN Bedhaya Sekarjagad merupakan salah satu jenis tari ritual yang merupakan manifestasi dari Sesaji Sekarjagad. Kebanyakan bedhaya ritual hanya menampilkan unsur doa menggunakan pendekatan budaya atau hanya mewakili salah satu agama saja. Sedangkan Bedhaya Sekarjagad mewakili unsur lima agama yang dikemas dalam bentuk tari Jawa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ingin mengetahui nilai spiritual dari Bedhaya Sekarjagad. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu nilai spiritualitas pada Tari Bedhaya Sekarjagad dipengaruhi oleh keseluruhan unsur pendukung sajian. Bedhaya Sekarjagad merupakan ungkapan rasa syukur kepada Tuhan melalui tari sebagai media meditasi. Spiritualitas yang tercipta pada bagian gerakan doa sangat kental. Dengan perbedaan keyakinan yang ditampilkan dalam tari, gerak yang dibawakan oleh para penari menuju pada satu titik tujuan yang memiliki arti ketuhanan.ABSTRACT The Spiritual Values Of Sekarjagad Bedhaya Dance at Sanggar Pakarjawi Semarang. Bedhaya Sekarjagad is a type of ritual dance that is a manifestation of Sesaji Sekarjagad. Most bedhaya rituals only display elements of prayer using a cultural approach or representing only one religion. While Bedhaya Sekarjagad represents elements of five religions packaged in the form of Javanese dance. The purpose of this research is to find out the spiritual value of Bedhaya Sekarjagad. While the approach used is a qualitative approach. The result of this research is that the value of spirituality in Bedhaya Sekarjagad Dance is influenced by the overall supporting elements of the dish. Bedhaya Sekarjagad is an expression of gratitude to God through dance as a medium of meditation. The spirituality created in the prayer movement is very thick. With the difference in beliefs displayed in dance, the movements performed by the dancers towards a single point of purpose that has the meaning of divinity.