bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADSORPSI ION LOGAM Cr(VI) MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF KULIT SINGKONG (Manihot esculenta) TERMODIFIKASI ASAM NITRAT
Authors: Wahyu Ratnaningsih
Published: January 2023

Industri penyamakan kulit dikenal sebagai salah satu sumber utama pencemaran air yang menghasilkan sejumlah besar air limbah dari proses penyamakan. Berbagai bahan kimia digunakan dalam jumlah yang signifikan untuk pengolahan kulit. Air limbah yang dihasilkan dari penyamakan kulit sangat mencemari lingkungan seperti logam berat kromium heksavalen (Cr(VI)). Berdasarkan toksisitasnya, maka perlu dilakukan usaha pemisahan Cr(VI) dari air limbah. Salah satu metode penyisihan Cr(VI) adalah menggunakan proses adsorpsi sebagai alternatif pilihan, karena mudah pengoperasiannya, efektif, dan layak secara ekonomi. Pada penelitian ini, karbon aktif kulit singkong termodifikasi asam nitrat untuk adsorpsi Cr(VI) berhasil disintesis melalui proses karbonisasi pada suhu 500°C selama 3 jam, aktivasi menggunakan KOH 3 M dilanjutkan dengan pemanasan pada suhu 600°C selama 2 jam dan modifikasi menggunakan HNO3 7 M pada 110°C. Adsorben dikarakterisasi menggunakan Spektofotometer FTIR. Kondisi optimum adsorpsi Cr(VI) menggunakan KKS-AM diperoleh pada pH adsorpsi 1 dan waktu kontak selama 240 menit. Adsorpsi Cr(VI) mengikuti kinetika reaksi pseudo orde kedua Ho dengan nilai konstanta laju adsorpsi (k) sebesar 1,93 × 10-2 mg g-1 menit-1 dan mengikuti pola isoterm Freundlich dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,9992. Kapasitas adsorpsi KKS-AM terhadap Cr(VI) pada 50 mg L-1 sebesar 10,75 mg g-1 dengan energi adsorpsi sebesar 26,28 kJ mol-1.
Pengaruh Waktu Pemanasan terhadap Kesesuaian Warna dan Tebal Kulit Sintetis berbasis Polivinil Klorida
Authors: Ahmad Faisal Rosadi  , Muh. Wahyu Syabani
Published: January 2023

Kulit sintetis pada saat ini semakin banyak digunakan karena memiliki kelebihan proses yang lebih mudah dan biaya produksi rendah. Pembuatannya bahan ini secara umum melibatkan proses pelapisan dan pemanasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu pemanasan terhadap kesesuaian warna dan tebal kulit sintetis berbahan baku polivinil klorida. Kulit sintetis dibuat menggunakan bahan polimer PVC dengan penambahan aditif plasticizer DOP, filler kalsium karbonat, stabilizer, blowing agent azodicarbonamide dan pigmen. Pencampuran bahan menggunakan laboratory two roll mill pada suhu 160oC sedangkan pemanasan dilakukan pada oven drying dengan suhu 220oC. Ketebalan kulit sintetis divariasikan antara 0.5-2.4 mm dengan selisih tiap sampelnya 0.1 mm, sedangkan warna dibandingkan dengan referensi. Waktu yang diperlukan untuk mendapatkan warna dan tebal yang diinginkan kemudian dicatat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan jika waktu pemanasan yang terlalu lama dapat menyebabkan terjadi reaksi dehidroklorinasi sehingga warna kulit sintetis menjadi lebih gelap. Sedangkan kulit sintetis yang lebih tebal akan membutuhkan waktu pemanasan yang lebih lama. Akan tetapi perlu diperhatikan juga bahwa waktu pemanasan juga berhubungan dengan reaksi dekomposisi azodicarbonamide yang menghasilkan gas dan turut mempengaruhi ketebalan sampel.
Tingkat Kecemasan Lansia Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Pertiwi Kota Bandung
Authors: Wati Nenden Lesmana , Sandiana Alma , Kartikasari Rina
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi berbagai perubahan akibat proses menua seperti perubahan anatomi/fisiologi, berbagai penyakit atau keadaan patologik sebagai akibat penuaan, serta pengaruh psikososial pada fungsi organ yang dialami oleh lansia sehingga memunculkan masalah psikososial, salah satunya kecemasan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kecemasan pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Wredha Budi Pertiwi Kota Bandung. Kecemasan merupakan pengalaman individu yang bersifat subjektif, yang sering bermanifestasi sebagai perilaku yang disfungsional yang diartikan sebagai perasaan “kesulitan” dan kesusahan terhadap kejadian yang tidak  diketahui dengan pasti. Lansia adalah tahap akhir perkembangan pada daur kehidupan manusia dan ditandai oleh gagalnya seorang untuk mempertahankan keseimbangan kesehatan dan kondisi stress fisiologisnya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptif kepada 25 responden dengan menggunakan teknik non probability. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner HARS (Hamilton Axienty Rating Scale) yang sudah baku. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa lansia mengalami kecemasan sedang sebanyak 16 responden (60%). Oleh karena itu di sarankan kepada Panti Sosial Tresna Wredha Budi Pertiwi Kota Bandung disarankan untuk meningkatkan asuhan keperawatan psikososial mengenai kecemasan seperti mengurangi kecemasan lansia yang sedang menjalani pengobatan dengan cara memberikan informasi yang jelas, meyakinkan pasien bahwa pasien masih mampu melakukan pekerjaan sehari-hari, dengan dukungan atau motivasi serta menambah kegiatan rohani.
Gambaran Tingkat Burnout Pada Guru SLB Di SLB-B Negeri Cicendo Kota Bandung
Authors: Fauziah Firda , Kartikasari Rina
Published: January 2023

Seorang guru tidak hanya sekedar menyampaikan ilmu pengetahuan, tetapi juga memiliki peranan untuk membentuk kehidupan seseorang. Guru memiliki pekerjaan yang tidak mudah terutama untuk menghadapi anak tunarungu, karena pengasuhan, perawatan, pembimbingan, dan pendidikan terhadap anak tunarungu lebih sulit sehingga kondisi seperti ini sering menyebabkan guru menjadi burnout.Penelitian dilakukan di SLB B Negeri Cicendo kota Bandung dikarenakan jumlah murid tunarungu yang banyak tetapi tenaga pengajar yang sedikit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai gambaran burnout pada guru SLB B Negeri Cicendo kota Bandung dalam dimensi kelelahan emosional, depersonalisasi dan penghargaan terhadap diri sendiri serta faktor-faktor penyebabnya. Burnout merupakan reaksi emosi negatif yang terjadi dilingkungan kerja. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif, menggunakan metode sampling jenuh berjumlah 22 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa burnout yang dirasakan oleh responden pada dimensi kelelahan emosional adalah tingkat rendah (86,36%), dimensi depersonalisasi memiliki burnout tingkat rendah (77,27), dan dimensi penghargaan diri sendiri memiliki tingkat sedang (54,55%). Faktor-faktor yang menjadi sumber burnout pada responden antara lain karakteristik anak didik yang tergolong sulit ditangani dan beban kerja yang berlebih karena keterbatasan tenaga pengajar. Diharapkan penambahan jumlah guru di SLB-B Negeri Cicendo kota Bandung dapat mengurangi tingkat burnout.
Gambaran Motivasi Pasien Hipertensi Tentang Kepatuhan Minum Obat Anti Hipertensi Di Poli Jantung RSAU Dr. M. Salamun
Authors: Haryanto Ero , Indahsari Siti Fatimah
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kebiasaan pasien hipertensi yang tidak minum obat antihipertensi secara teratur dipoli Jantung RSAU dr. M. Salamun yang dapat meningkatkan komplikasi dari penyakit hipertensi tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran motivasi pasien hipertensi tentang kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi dipoli Jantung RSAU dr. M. Salamun. Motivasi adalah segala sesuatu yang mendorong seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu pekerjaan dan motivasi terdiri dari motivasi intrinsik dan motivasi ekstrinsik.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian deskriptifkuantitatif dengan populasi sebanyak 694 responden dan sampel sebanyak 88 responden dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner berjumlah 40 pernyataan menggunakan rumus correlation product moment dengan ketentuan nilai uji validitas sebesar ≥(0,444) dan ketentuan nilai uji reliabilitas sebesar ≥(0,6). Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 49 responden (56%) memiliki motivasi rendah. Sedangkan berdasarkan subvariabel sebanyak 45 responden (52%) memiliki motivasi intrinsik rendah dan 47 responden (54%) memiliki motivasi ektrinsiktinggi. Saran bagi petugas kesehatan dipoli Jantung RSAU dr. M. Salamun untuk mengadakan penyuluhan secara berkala guna meningkatkan motivasi pasien hipertensi agar patuh minum obat antihipertensi.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Pelaksanaan Bundle Vap Di Ruang Intensif
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Priambodo Ayu Prawesti
Published: January 2023

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia(VAP) adalah infeksi saluran napas bawah yang mengenai parenkim paru setelah pemasangan ventilasi mekanik lebih dari 48 jam, sehingga harus dilakukan pengendalian dan pencegahan infeksi VAP yang dikenal dengan bundle VAP. Pengetahuan merupakan hasil dari tahu melalui penginderaan terhadap suatu objek tertentu dan interaksi sosial sehingga terbentuknya tindakan seseorang dalam melaksanakan tindakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan pelaksanaan bundle VAP. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik korelatif cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian yaitu perawat dan dokter dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara total sampling yaitu 30 orang. Data dinalisis menggunakan metode korelasi rank spearman. Hasil analisis, yaitu ada hubungan antara pengetahuan petugas kesehatan dengan pelaksanaan bundle VAP dengan nilai r=0,364 dan p=0,024.
Gambaran Cakupan Imunisasi Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) Berdasarkan Faktor Indeks Dan Kipi Bagi Bayi Dan Balita Di Upt Puskesmas Pagarsih Kota Bandung
Authors: Khoirunnisa Marjani , Sari Cindy Asella
Published: January 2023

Immunization is the immune system that can prevent the disease one of them polio. Polio is a disease caused by a virus that can cause paralysis. Polio eradication is a change in the use of OPV to lPV because OPV is a virus that is attenuated by way of oral whereas IPV virus is switched off by injection. The official incidence of polio cases in the world is 350,000 cases. The coverage of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) PIN in 2017 in Indonesia should reach 75%, unfortunately this coverage still has not met the target due to many factors that affect the index and KIPI factors. The aim of this research is to find out IPV Immunization Coverage Scenario based on Index Factor and KIPI for Infants and Toddlers at UPT Puskesmas Pagarsih Bandung period January-April 2017. Type of descriptive research, univariate analysis, population 67 people, sample 67 respondents, and determined by total sampling. Results of coverage of 26.5% IPV immunization, 1.9 vial usage index, and KIPI have 5 (7.5%) infants and toddlers with local reactions. Suggestion for service institution as health worker is expected to do management in effort of prevention of polio disease for infant and toddler using immunization socialization.
Kualitas Tidur Lansia Dengan Penyakit Asam Urat di Kampung Cilumber RT03/RW07 Desa Cibogo Kecamatan Lembang
Authors: Hadiati Atit , Purwati Endang , Halimatusyadiah Halimatusyadiah
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi angka kejadian asam urat yang tinggi pada lansia di Kampung Cilumber RT03/RW07 Desa Cibogo Lembang, berdasarkan studi pendahuluan kepada 7 responden diantaranya mengalami masalah gangguan tidur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas tidur lansia dengan penyakit asam urat di Kampung Cilumber RT03/RW07 Desa Cibogo, Lembang. Asam urat adalah jenis arthritis inflamasi yang disebabkan adanya pengendapan kristal monosodium urat yang terdapat pada sendi. Kualitas tidur adalah kemampuan individu untuk mempertahankan tidurnya dan mendapatkan jumlah tidur cukup. Lansia adalah seseorang yang mencapai usia 60 (enam puluh) tahun keatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan penggunakan tehnik Total Sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 responden. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan alat ukur Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Kuesioner PSQI sudah teruji validitas dengan nilai 0,365-0,733 dan diuji Reliabilitas nilai alpha croncbach 0,741. Hasil penelitian menunjukan responden memiliki kualitas tidur yang buruk sebesar 83%. Kesimpulan gambaran kualitas tidur pada lansia dengan penyakit asam urat di Kampung Cilumber RT 03/RW 07, Desa Cibogo, Kecamatan Lembang bahwa paling banyak memiliki kualitas tidur yang buruk sebesar 83%. Oleh karena itu, perlunya tindakan dari petugas kesehatan agar memberikan pendidikan kesehatan pada lansia khususnya tentang kualitas tidur.
Hubungan Komunikasi Terapeutik dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Prasekolah Akibat Hospitalisasi di RSAU Dr. M. Salamun Bandung
Authors: Sukmayanti Ni Made Nira , Wati Nenden Lesmana , Kartikasari Rina
Published: January 2023

Hospitalisasi merupakan suatu proses karena alasan tertentu mengharuskan anak untuk tinggal di Rumah Sakit. Di Indonesia jumlah anak usia prasekolah yang dirawat pada tahun 2014 sebanyak 15,26%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan komunikasi terapeutik dengan tingkat kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi pada anak usia sekolah 3-6 tahun. Komunikasi terapeutik difokuskan pada kesembuhan pasien dan merupakan komunikasi profesional yang dilakukan oleh perawat. Kecemasan adalah gangguan alam perasaan yang ditandai dengan perasaan ketakutan atau kekhawatiran yang mendalam dan berlanjutan dengan perasaan tidak pasti dan tidak berdaya. Metode penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu quota sampling sebanyak 30 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan. Uji validitas menggunakan rumus pearson product moment dengan hasil r hitung (0,407-0,718) dan uji reabilitas cronbach’s alpha=0.927. Hasil penelitian menunjukan komunikasi terapeutik perawat kategori cukup (60%) dan kecemasan pada pasien kategori berat (53.3%). Uji statistik menggunakan chi square dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05. Hasil analisis mendapatkan nilai p-value 0,016 artinya ada hubungan antara komunikasi terapeutik dengan tingkat kecemasan pasien yang dirawat di RSAU dr. M. Salamun Bandung. Perawat perlu meningkatkan komunikasi terapeutik terutama dalam pemberian informasi sebelum dilakukan tindakan medis untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dari komunikasi terapeutik perawat dianjurkan untuk mengikuti pelatihan tentang komunikasi terapeutik.
Perilaku Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) Pada Petani Pengguna Pestisida Di Desa Cikole Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Apriliani Risma , Herawati Tuti
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya angka kecelakaan kerja di Indonesia salah satunya pada petani pengguna pestisida. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) pada petani pengguna pestisida di Desa Cikole Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat. perilaku adalah segala perbuatan atau tindakan yang dilakukan makhluk hidup dan pada dasarnya perilaku dapat diamati melalui sikap dan tindakan, APD adalah alat-alat yang mampu memberikan perlindungan terhadap bahaya-bahaya kecelakaan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah petani di desa cikole sejumlah 529 kk dengan sampel 84 responden dilakukan pengumpulan data dengan teknik kuota sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dengan jumlah pernyataan 30 soal dan telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitas di desa cibogo dengan koefisien 2,17 sampai dengan 2,36 dan cronbach alpha sebesar 0,90. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perilaku penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) pada pengguna pestisida di Desa Cikole Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat didapatkan hasil kategori baik (24%), kategori cukup (61%) dan kategori kurang (15%). Saran dari penelitian ini agar pihak desa berkolaborasi dengan pihak puskesmas untuk lebih sering mengadakan penyuluhan tentang APD pada pengguna pestisida.
Kosmologia kwantowa Hawkinga-Hartle’a i jej filozoficzne implikacje
Authors: Golbiak Jacek
Published: January 2023

Artykuł prezentuje wiodący model kosmogenezy kwantowej, jakim jest model Hawkinga-Hartle’a. Model odwołuje się do pojęciowej i matematycznej struktury, jaką jest funkcja falowa wszechświata. Funkcja falowa skonstruowana jest na podstawie formalizmu mechaniki kwantowej zwanego całkowaniem po trajektoriach, autorstwa Richarda Feynmana. Ten aparat matematyczny jest wykorzystany do opisu początku Wszechświata. Autorzy twierdzą, że ich model opisuje kreację Wszechświata ex nihilo. Głównym celem tego artykułu jest pokazanie słabości takiej interpretacji. Pojęcie ex nihilo powinno być rozumiane jako punkt zerowy z określoną geometrią i polem materii aniżeli dosłownie rozumianą nicość.
Religijna i społeczna rola księdza parafialnego w ujęciu socjologicznym i w interpretacji dorosłych katolików w Polsce z przełomu XX i XXI wieku
Authors: Baniak Józef
Published: January 2023

W artykule tym ukazuję religijną i społeczną rolę księdza parafialnego w dwóch aspektach: teoretycznym i empirycznym. W teoretycznym aspekcie prezentuję definicje tej roli oraz jej ujęcia przez różnych socjologów. W aspekcie empirycznym ukazuję percepcję roli religijnej i społecznej księdza parafialnego przez dorosłych katolików w Polsce w XX i XXI wieku. Podstawę analizy postrzegania roli religijno-społecznej księdza parafialnego przez dorosłych katolików polskich stanowią wyniki dostępnych badań socjologicznych zrealizowanych w drugiej połowie XX wieku i w obu dekadach XXI wieku. Problem badawczy stanowi pytanie: jak dorośli katolicy polscy postrzegali i interpretowali religijną i społeczną rolę księdza parafialnego na przełomie XX i XXI wieku? Czy ujęcie roli księdza parafialnego było adekwatne i rozbieżne z definiowaniem jej przez Kościół katolicki? Odpowiedź na te pytania ukazują wyniki badań socjologicznych prezentowane w tym artykule. Szczegółowa prezentacja tych badań i analiza ich wyników jest tu odpowiedną metodą, wspomagana innymi metodami znanymi w socjologii empirycznej (historyczno-porównawczą, statystyczną, korelacji zmiennych).
Examine the importance of teachers' participation in curriculum development
Authors: Romana Bano
Published: January 2023

Curriculum has an essential importance in the field of Education. It is the most basic and foremost part of one’s Education and learning. Had there been no concept of curriculum, people would have been confused and misguided as to what to study and learn at what time. There would not have been any sequence of objectives and aims to be fulfilled for students’ learning. For the development of curriculum, there are many people who work together. There is always a special curriculum development committee with their core capabilities in the domain of curriculum designing. Having many different stakeholders for the process of curriculum development, this paper specifically highlights the critical analysis of importance of teachers’ participation in the curriculum development process. Not only in Pakistan, there are different contexts like South Africa, India and Turkey where the issue of applicability of curriculum into the classroom is found out. This paper is based on the critical commentary in which the first part of it discusses the general concept of curriculum and its development. Besides, it also discusses a bit of teachers’ involvement into the process along with mentioning rational and objectives   of paper. The 2nd part of the paper critically analyses the previous researches which has talked about significance of teachers’ involvement in curriculum development process. Moreover, it has then touched to specific discussion of teachers’ involvement by moving forward to the encounters that teachers face in curriculum development process. Continuing on the same pace, it has then discussed how can teachers be prepared to put in their contribution in the beginning phase of development since they are not only supposed to work for implementation phase. Other than this, in the next part, the overall discussion has been concluded with author’s own stance regarding the topic. In the last part, some of the recommendations have been given to curriculum development authorities or committees to involve teachers in the process accurately so that the quality of education can be improved. Also, it will add to the improved interaction between the committee of teachers when they will work for the same cause.
The role of riparian areas in alien plant invasions
Authors: Anđelković Ana , Radulović Snežana
Published: January 2023

Biological invasions represent one of the defining features of the Anthropocene, causing major problems and incurring significant economic losses worldwide, which are only projected to increase in the future. Riparian zones, as critical transition zones, despite providing numerous ecosystem services, are exposed to a multitude of human pressures, making them highly vulnerable to plant invasions. In fact, in Europe, riparian areas are considered to be among the most vulnerable habitat types. As foci of invasive plant species richness, they play an important role in the process of their spread into nearby terrestrial ecosystems. Various disturbance events, both natural (i.e. floods) and artificial (e.g. hydro-morphological alterations), in addition to a strong propagule pressure these areas are subjected to, increase the invasibility of these vulnerable zones. Given their ecological importance and susceptibility to plant invasions, the preservation and restoration of riparian zones is especially important in light of climate change. In order to preserve and restore the ecosystem services and biodiversity of riparian areas, invasive alien plants have to be managed. The success of restoration measures and control activities can be affected by many variables, such as the invasive plants' residence time and their legacy effects. Furthermore, different environmental factors and drivers of invasion must also be considered, as they could potentially impair the restoration measures. Finally, a successful restoration effort depends on the inclusion of all the relevant stakeholders and their understanding of the importance of preventing and managing plant invasions.
Allelopathic potential of plant extracts of immature walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruits
Authors: Krstić Nikolija , Gajić-Umiljendić Jelena , Đorđević Tijana , Šantrić Ljiljana , Sarić-Krsmanović Marija
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to test the allelopathic effects of the plant extracts isolated from immature walnut fruits on the germination and early seedling growth of two weed species (Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album), and its phytotoxic effects on the germination and early seed growth of maize, Zea mays. Additionally, the goals was to also conduct an analysis of the plant extracts and determine its antioxidant properties. Antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were determined via its ability to neutralize DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and by testing their potential for iron reduction using the FRAP method. The inhibition of the measured parameters (total germination and seedling length) decreased proportionally, with the reduction of concentrations of plant extracts isolated from immature walnut fruits. Also, the seedling length parameter has shown greater sensitivity when compared with the parameters of total seed germination in both weed species. Even though the results of both biotests with seeds show a high inhibitory effect on the germination and early growth of the tested weed species, they also point to phytotoxicity in early growth of Z. mays seeds. Future research will be focused on the HPLC analysis of the plant extracts isolated from immature walnut fruits and their allelopathic effects on the early growth of plants of the tested species.
Usage of compaction simulators for the powder compression characterization: Advantages and limitations
Authors: Nikolić Nenad , Miletić Tijana , Kovačević Jovana , Medarević Đorđe , Ibrić Svetlana
Published: January 2023

Compaction simulators are designed as machines which can provide an in-depth analysis of the powder compaction process. Characterization of the powder compression and compaction process, as well as material characterization, play an important role in the formulation and manufacturing process design and development, as well as in creating a strong knowledge basis for the scale-up of the tablet compression and troubleshooting in further stages of the product lifecycle. Although compaction simulators are designed to simulate the compression process on high-speed tablet-presses, with the advantages of a small quantity of material needed and highly sophisticated instrumentation, there are certain limitations in the extrapolation of the process parameters from these machines to high-speed rotary tablet presses. However, the advantage of the use of compaction simulators for studying basic compression and compaction mechanisms, identification of critical material attributes and critical process parameters ranges, and their relations with tablet characteristics and critical quality attributes of pharmaceutical products is clear, compared to the use of small excentre tablet presses, and complementary to the use of small rotary tablet presses. This scientific paper provides an overview and examples of the different advantages provided by the instrumentation of compaction simulators, including certain limitations in their exploitation.
Investigating the relationship between the single-name concentration risk and capital surplus: Evidence from the Macedonian banking sector
Authors: Delova-Jolevska Evica , Eliskovski Milan
Published: January 2023

Banks lend large funds to big clients and are exposed to concentration risk. The concentration risk is indirect credit risk exposure for the banks and it might cause large losses in case of default of the big clients. Therefore, prudent banks would increase their capital surplus as the concentration exposure rises in order to preserve their stability against deteriorating performances of the big clients. Thus, this paper investigates the effect of the single-name concentration risk on the capital surplus in the Macedonian banking sector. The analysis was done by employing Vector Error Correction Model on quarterly data from 2006q1 to 2018q4. The results suggest that the Macedonian banking sector is prudent and increases the capital surplus from 0.65 percentage points (p.p.) to 2.20 p.p., as the single-name concentration risk rises by 1 p.p. More concretely, a future increase of the banking sectors' large exposures by 53.7 million of euros (1 p.p. of the total gross loans as of 2018q4), would require an increase of the capital surplus by the minimum amount of 3.1 million of euros (0.65 p.p. of the minimum capital requirement as of 2018q4), under the assumption of not changing both the total gross loans and the minimum capital requirement, compared to 2018q4.
Public debt and economic growth: Two public debt management scenarios in Montenegro
Authors: Baćović Maja
Published: January 2023

Growing public debt is one of the biggest challenges faced by both developing and developed economies. Available research indicates the negative impact of public debt growth on economic growth. Applying the OLS method to the panel data for the countries of the Western Balkans and the period from 1998 to 2019, we found that one percentage growth in public debt leads to a decrease in the GDP growth rate by 0.036 percentage points. In addition, an increase in public debt by one percentage point leads to a decrease in the productivity growth rate by 0.079 percentage points. The results of the research for Montenegro as a case (two scenarios of fiscal policy and the period 2021-2040), showed that, if expenditures remain intact, due to the small difference between the forecasted average GDP growth rate in the period 2021-2040 and interest rates (assumed constant), such a scenario will lead to a slower change in the public debt-to-GDP ratio (23% decrease in two decades). In addition, the cost of interest in public debt in this scenario over the entire period is higher than 2% of GDP. If the fiscal policy is changed toward a reduction in government spending, the short-term GDP growth rate would be slightly reduced, but both the expenditures for interest (less than 2% of GDP) and public debt (decrease of 63% in two decades) would be reduced significantly. Although reduced government spending will have a negative impact on GDP growth in the short run, the country will benefit in the long run as reduced public debt will have a positive impact on GDP and productivity growth.
Changes in the number and characteristics of the natural increase of the population of Gornje Polimlje in the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Raičević Đoko , Mijanović Ivan
Published: January 2023

The northern part of Montenegro went through a very dynamic demographic development in the post-war period. The changes that have taken place can be characterised as both qualitative and quantitative, and are driven by various factors imposed by the overall social and economic development. In the second half of the 20th century, Gornje Polimlje increased the population of its towns, intensified urban development, established better social infrastructure, and achieved a more favourable openness to the surrounding countries. However, despite this, as part of north-east Montenegro it remained an underdeveloped area, which had a strong impact on the scope, intensity and quality of changes in its overall demographic development. The population of Gornje Polimlje is decreasing and the depopulation process has affected many local communities. Unfavourable demographic trends in this subregion began in the 90s of the previous century, and continued to intensify during the 21st century.
Auscultation of the RTH flotation tailing dump in Bor with reference to the stability of dams and dykes at the tailing dump
Authors: Obradović Ljubiša , Milutinović Sandra , Magdalinović Srđana , Petrović Sanja
Published: January 2023

The RTH flotation tailing dump, located in the old open pit RTH in Bor about 500 m southeast of the Flotation Plant, has been in continuous operational work since 1985. The flotations tailing dumps are important mining facilities that are constantly changed during their exploitation period. Due to the changes occurring in the tailing dump during its exploitation, it is necessary to perform a continuous technical and technological surveillance-auscultation in order to collect parameters in real time to predict the phenomena, which will enable the normal exploitation of tailing dump. This paper presents the current state of the flotation tailing dump RTH, based on the auscultation monitoring program, carried out in the period August 2020 to February 2021. As for the normal exploitation of the flotation tailings dump in safe and stable conditions, a special attention is paid in this paper to the stability analysis of the dams I and II, as well as the sand dyke between them.
Renal tumours of childhood: A review
Authors: Vujanić Gordan , Đuričić Slaviša
Published: January 2023

Renal tumours of childhood are rare, although they are one of the most common solid tumours in children. They include numerous entities, which have different clinical, histological, molecular biological and prognostic features, so their precise diagnosis and staging are critical for appropriate treatment. The most common is Wilms' tumour (WT) with ~80-85 % of all cases, whereas other entities including mesoblastic nephroma, clear cell sarcoma, rhabdoid tumour, renal cell carcinoma, metanephric tumours and others are very rare (2-4 % each) which explains why they represent a big diagnostic challenge for diagnostic pathologists. They are subclassified into three risk groups - low, intermediate and high - which have different treatments and prognosis. There are two big study groups which have different approaches but remarkable similar outcomes. The International Society of Paediatric Oncology approach (followed in most of the world) is based on preoperative chemotherapy, followed by surgery and further therapy, whereas the Children's Oncology Group approach (followed mainly in the United States and Canada) is based on primary surgery, followed by postoperative treatment.
¿Por qué los hombres, y no las mujeres, protagonizan el fenómeno del terrorismo salafistayihadista? Una aproximación sociológica a sus causas
Authors: Merino Serráis Estrella
Published: January 2023

El objetivo central del presente artículo es estudiar e identificar por qué los hombres, y no las mujeres, han pasado a ser los protagonistas del terrorismo de corte salafista-yihadista y los factores que influyen en ese proceso. Para ello, se parte de dos procesos interrelacionados entre sí: el primero, centrado en estudiar cómo se crea un sujeto motivado a la conducta delictiva y cómo se presentan y actúan estos estresores en relación con el sexo; y, segundo, cómo se presenta la oportunidad, entendida como aquel entorno facilitador del encuentro entre sujeto motivado y reclutador. En cuanto a la metodología, se ha hecho uso de las técnicas cualitativas, en concreto, del grupo de discusión y la entrevista semiestructurada, con el fin de comprender, y no sólo describir, los factores presentes en este proceso, cómo se presentan tanto para hombres como para mujeres y por qué sus resultados difieren en relación con el sexo del sujeto expuesto.
Simulator-based training method in gastrointestinal endoscopy training and currently available simulators
Authors: Kim Yuri , Lee Jeong Hoon , Lee Gin Hyug , Kim Ga Hee , Huh Gunn , Hong Seung Wook , Jung Hwoon-Yong
Published: January 2023

The apprenticeship-based training method (ABTM) is highly effective for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic training. However, the conventional ABTM has significant issues. Although many supplementary training methods (TMs) have been developed and utilized, they cannot entirely replace the ABTM, which remains the major TM strategy. Currently, new TM construction is crucial and necessary due to financial constraints, difficulty of obtaining sufficient training time due to patient safety-related regulations, and catastrophic damage caused by disasters such as the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The simulator-based TM (SBTM) is widely accepted as an alternative to the ABTM, owing to the SBTM’s advantages. Since the 1960s, many GI endoscopy training simulators have been developed and numerous studies have been published on their effectiveness. While previous studies have focused on the simulator’s validity, this review focused on the accessibility of simulators that were introduced by the end of 2021. Although the current SBTM is effective in GI endoscopic education, extensive improvements are needed to replace the ABTM. Incorporating simulator-incorporated TMs into an improved ABTM is an attempt to overcome the incompleteness of the current SBTM. Until a new simulator is developed to replace the ABTM, it is desirable to operate a simulator-integrated and well-coordinated TM that is suitable for each country and institution.
“Fostering Mathematical Thinking and Problem Solving: The Teacher’s Role”
Authors: Rigelman Nicole R. , Rhodes Introduction by: Sam
Published: January 2023

From the Archives highlights articles from NCTM’s legacy journals, previously discussed by the MTLT Journal Club.
Visualizing Mathematics Through Knitting
Authors: Dennett Emily
Published: January 2023

The author uses mathematical concepts to inform her knitting. Her knitting also helps her to experience mathematical concepts in new ways.
A Pilot of Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention to manage emotions in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Ramos Díaz Natalia , Jiménez Jiménez Óliver , Habicheyn Hiar Silvia , Roca Alarcón Ángeles , Rivas Ruiz Francisco , Resurrección Davinia , De Troya Martín Magdalena
Published: January 2023

Psoriasis is a high incidence dermatosis related to stress, and its sufferers provide an appropriate target group to carry out interventions such as those based on mindfulness, aimed at helping emotion regulation. To assess the Compassionate Emotional Accompaniment Technique (CEAT) effects within a brief mindfulness-based intervention on emotional coping in patients with severe psoriasis to determine the efficacy of emotional coping after the induction of a negative emotional state. Forty-four adults (59.1% were women) aged 22-71 years (M = 51.95, SD = 11.87) with severe psoriasis were assigned randomly to the CEAT group or the Emotional Disclosure control group. Subjective discomfort, cognitive ability, affect, and heart rate were assessed before and after the interventions, with two follow-ups at 48 hours and seven days. The results show significant statistical differences in favor of the CEAT intervention versus the Emotional Disclosure group, being more effective in the emotional management after induction and follow-up. These results encourage interventions in a clinical setting with patients with severe psoriasis, so future research should consider using this intervention type to improve emotional management with this population group.

La psoriasis es una dermatosis de alta incidencia relacionada con el estrés, constituyendo las personas que lo padecen, un grupo objetivo adecuado para llevar a cabo intervenciones basadas en mindfulness, destinadas a ayudar a la regulación de las emociones. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar los efectos de la Técnica de Acompañamiento Emocional Compasivo (CEAT), como una intervención breve basada en mindfulness, sobre el afrontamiento emocional en pacientes con psoriasis grave, para determinar la eficacia del afrontamiento emocional tras la inducción de un estado emocional negativo. Cuarenta y cuatro adultos (el 59,1% mujeres) con edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 71 años (M = 51,95, DT = 11,87), con psoriasis grave, fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo de intervención con CEAT o a un grupo control de intervención de Revelación Emocional. Se evaluaron malestar subjetivo, capacidad cognitiva, afecto y frecuencia cardíaca, antes y después de las intervenciones, con dos seguimientos a las 48 horas y a los siete días. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticas significativas a favor de la intervención CEAT frente al grupo de Revelación Emocional, siendo más eficaz en el manejo emocional tras la inducción y el seguimiento. Estos resultados podrían favorecer la intervención en entornos clínicos con pacientes con psoriasis grave, y futuras investigaciones podrían considerar el uso de esta para mejorar la gestión emocional en este tipo de población
Victims of dating violence in adolescence: the role of problematic use of social networks sites, loneliness, and family climate
Authors: Muñiz-Rivas Maria , Suárez-Relinque Cristian , Estévez Estefanía , Povedano-Díaz Amapola
Published: January 2023

The relationship between online-offline socialization contexts during adolescence has become a relevant research topic in recent years, especially in the field of intimate partner violence. To better understand this association, the present study analyzes the relationship between dating violence (DV) victimization and the problematic social networking sites use (PSNSU), the feeling of loneliness, and the family climate, taking into account the adolescents' gender. 1020 adolescents from Andalusia participated (49% boys, M = 16.12, SD = .99). A cluster analysis, which established two groups (victimized and non-victimized), multivariate analysis of variance (2x2 MANOVA) using sex and DV as independent variables, and univariate analysis of variance to explore the significant relationships detected, were performed. The results showed that adolescent victims of DV obtained higher scores than non-victims in PSNSU, feelings of loneliness, and family conflict, and lower scores in family cohesion. Victimized girls generally showed lower scores than victimized boys. The results obtained provide relevant and useful information for the prevention of DV and the promotion of healthy relationships in early dating relationships. In addition, they point out the importance of considering the online context in research on violence in adolescence.

La relación existente entre los contextos de socialización online-offline durante la adolescencia se ha convertido en un tema de investigación relevante en los últimos años, especialmente en el ámbito de la violencia de pareja. Para entender mejor este vínculo, el presente estudio analiza la relación entre la victmización en la violencia de pareja, el uso problemático de las redes sociales virtuales, el sentimiento de soledad y el clima familiar, considerando el género de los adolescentes. Participaron 1020 adolescentes procedentes de Andalucía (49% chicos, M = 16.12; DT = .99). Se realizó un análisis por conglomerados que permitió establecer dos grupos (victimizados y no victimizados), un análisis multivariado de la varianza (2x2 MANOVA) utilizando sexo y violencia de pareja como variables independientes y análisis univariados de varianza para explorer las relaciones significativas detectadas. En los resultados se observó que los/las adolescentes víctimas de violencia de pareja obtuvieron puntuaciones más elevadas que las no víctimas en la adicción a las redes sociales virtuales, sentimiento de soledad y conflicto familiar, y puntuaciones más bajas en cohesión familiar. Las chicas victimizadas mostraron en general puntuaciones más bajas que los chicos victimizados. Los resultados obtenidos aportan información relevante y útil para la prevención de la violencia de pareja y el fomento de relaciones saludables en las primeras relaciones amorosas. Además, señalan la importancia de considerar el contexto online en la investigación acerca de la violencia en la adolescencia.
Predicting teacher resilience by using artificial neural networks: influence of burnout and stress by COVID-19
Authors: Martínez-Ramón Juan Pedro , Morales-Rodríguez Francisco Manuel , Pérez-López Sergio , Méndez Mateo Inmaculada , Ruiz-Esteban Cecilia
Published: January 2023

Background: Resilience in teachers allows them to face difficult situations to recover from adversity and there are gender differences. Likewise, artificial intelligence and the techniques associated with it have proven to be very useful in predicting educational variables and studying the interconnection between them after COVID-19. That said, the general objective of this research was to predict the levels of resilience in secondary school teachers through the design of an artificial neural network (ANN). Method: The Brief Resilient Coping Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the COVID-19 Stress Questionnaire were administered to 401 secondary school teachers (70.6% female) from schools in southeastern Spain, with a mean age of 44.36 years (SD = 9.38). Results: Differences were found in the configuration of the predictive models of resilience between male and female teachers, with the independent variables contributing to different degrees depending on gender. Conclusions: It is highlighted the usefulness of ANNs in the educational setting and the need to design more adjusted programs.

Antecedentes: La resiliencia en el profesorado permite afrontar situaciones difíciles y reponerse a la adversidad existiendo diferencias de género al respecto. Asimismo, la inteligencia artificial y las técnicas asociadas a ella han resultado ser de gran utilidad para predecir variables educativas y estudiar la interconexión entre ellas tras la COVID-19. Dicho esto, el objetivo general de esta investigación fue predecir los niveles de resiliencia en las profesoras y profesores de Secundaria a través del diseño de una red neuronal artificial (RNA). Método: Se administró la Escala Breve de Afrontamiento Resiliente, el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach y el Cuestionario de Estrés frente a la COVID-19 a 401 docentes de secundaria (70.6% mujeres) de centros educativos del sureste español, con una edad media de 44.36 años (DT= 9.38). Resultados: Se hallaron diferencias en la configuración de los modelos predictivos de la resiliencia entre profesoras y profesores contribuyendo las variables independientes en diferente grado en función del género. Conclusiones: Se pone de manifiesto la utilidad de las RNA en el ámbito educativo y la necesidad de diseñar programas más ajustados.
Theoretical study of helium separation performance of crown ether-graphane membranes
Authors: Tong Zan , Yang Yin-Li , Xu Jing , Liu Wei , Chen Liang ,   College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
Published: January 2023

Helium (He) is widely used in many scientific and industrial fields, and the shortage of He resources and the growing demand make He separation extremely important. In this work, the He separation performances of a series of graphanes containing crown ether nanopores (crown ether graphane, CG-n, n = 3, 4, 5, 6) are studied by first-principles calculations. At first, the minimum energy paths of He and other 10 gas molecules (Ne, Ar, H2, CO, NO, NO2, N2, CO2, SO2 and CH4) passing through CG-n membranes are calculated, and the factors affecting the energy barriers are also investigated. The calculated results show that He is the easiest to pass through all the four CG-n membranes with energy barriers of 4.55, 1.05, 0.53 and 0.01 eV, respectively. He can be separated by CG-5 and CG-6 with very low energy barriers, and the energy barrier of He passing through CG-6 is the lowest, so far as we know. Moreover, all gas molecules can pass through CG-6 with low energy barriers, including many molecules with large kinetic diameters, such as CO (0.13 eV) and N2 (0.16 eV). Therefore, CG-6 is also expected to be used in the screening field of other gas molecules. In addition, it is found that the energy barriers of gas molecules passing through CG-n are synergistically affected by the size of the crown ether nanopore, the kinetic diameter and the type of the gas molecules. Secondly, the diffusion rates of gas molecules passing through CG-5 and CG-6 and the He selectivity towards other 10 gases of CG-5 and CG-6 at different temperatures are calculated. It is found that CG-5 exhibits extremely high He selectivity in a wide temperature range (0–600 K). In summary, the crown ether graphanes CG-5 and CG-6 can serve as excellent He separation membranes with high He selectivity. This work is expected to inspire one to develop other graphene-based two-dimensional separation membranes for separating He and other gas molecules.
Estudio Comparativo: Empatía en Hermanos de Personas en el Espectro Autista
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Zúñiga Josefina , Mellado Catalina ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Zapata Ayline ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Hernández Paula ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Plass María del Rosario ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Published: January 2023

Se exploró la relación entre tener un hermano/a en el Espectro Autista (EA) y la empatía. Para esto se midió empatía aplicando el Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal, que entrega puntajes de empatía cognitiva y afectiva, en jóvenes de entre 18 y 25 años con y sin hermanos EA (n =35 y n =175). Para estimar el impacto conductual de las diferencias en empatía entre los grupos, se evaluó si existía una correlación entre mayores puntajes de empatía y mayor reporte de conductas prosociales. También se exploró si los rasgos y estados depresivos en el participante y la posición con respecto al hermano/a EA inciden en la empatía. Por último, se evaluó si el sexo y el nivel de asistencia del hermano/a EA se relaciona con la empatía. En los resultados se encontró que quienes tienen un hermano/a EA puntúan significativamente más alto en empatía cognitiva que quienes no tiene hermano/a EA, en particular en la subescala fantasía, no en la de toma de perspectiva. En empatía afectiva no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Se encontró que mayores rasgos depresivos y mayor empatía cognitiva predicen que el participante tiene un hermano/a EA. Además, se observó que mayor empatía en quienes tienen hermano/a EA no se relaciona con mayores conductas prosociales.