bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Dysfunction Criteria in Critically Ill Children: The PODIUM Consensus Conference
Authors: Alexander Peta M.A. , Checchia Paul A. , Ryerson Lindsay M. , Bohn Desmond , Eckerle Michelle , Gaies Michael , Laussen Peter , Jeffries Howard , Thiagarajan Ravi R. , Shekerdemian Lara , Bembea Melania M. , Zimmerman Jerry J. , Kissoon Niranjan
Published: December 2021

CONTEXT

Cardiovascular dysfunction is associated with poor outcomes in critically ill children.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to derive an evidence-informed, consensus-based definition of cardiovascular dysfunction in critically ill children.

DATA SOURCES

Electronic searches of PubMed and Embase were conducted from January 1992 to January 2020 using medical subject heading terms and text words to define concepts of cardiovascular dysfunction, pediatric critical illness, and outcomes of interest.

STUDY SELECTION

Studies were included if they evaluated critically ill children with cardiovascular dysfunction and assessment and/or scoring tools to screen for cardiovascular dysfunction and assessed mortality, functional status, organ-specific, or other patient-centered outcomes. Studies of adults, premature infants (≤36 weeks gestational age), animals, reviews and/or commentaries, case series (sample size ≤10), and non–English-language studies were excluded. Studies of children with cyanotic congenital heart disease or cardiovascular dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass were excluded.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data were abstracted from each eligible study into a standard data extraction form, along with risk-of-bias assessment by a task force member.

RESULTS

Cardiovascular dysfunction was defined by 9 elements, including 4 which indicate severe cardiovascular dysfunction. Cardiopulmonary arrest (>5 minutes) or mechanical circulatory support independently define severe cardiovascular dysfunction, whereas tachycardia, hypotension, vasoactive-inotropic score, lactate, troponin I, central venous oxygen saturation, and echocardiographic estimation of left ventricular ejection fraction were included in any combination. There was expert agreement (>80%) on the definition.

LIMITATIONS

All included studies were observational and many were retrospective.

CONCLUSIONS

The Pediatric Organ Dysfunction Information Update Mandate panel propose this evidence-informed definition of cardiovascular dysfunction.
Respiratory Dysfunction Criteria in Critically Ill Children: The PODIUM Consensus Conference
Authors: Yehya Nadir , Khemani Robinder G. , Erickson Simon , Smith Lincoln S. , Rowan Courtney M. , Jouvet Philippe , Willson Doug F. , Cheifetz Ira M. , Ward Shan , Thomas Neal J.
Published: December 2021

CONTEXT

Respiratory dysfunction is a component of every organ failure scoring system developed, reflecting the significance of the lung in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. However, existing systems do not reflect current practice and are not consistently evidence based.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to review the literature to identify the components of respiratory failure associated with outcomes in children, with the purpose of developing an operational and evidence-based definition of respiratory dysfunction.

DATA SOURCES

Electronic searches of PubMed and Embase were conducted from 1992 to January 2020 by using a combination of medical subject heading terms and text words to define respiratory dysfunction, critical illness, and outcomes.

STUDY SELECTION

We included studies of critically ill children with respiratory dysfunction that evaluated the performance of metrics of respiratory dysfunction and their association with patient-centered outcomes. Studies in adults, studies in premature infants (≤36 weeks’ gestational age), animal studies, reviews and commentaries, case series with sample sizes ≤10, and studies not published in English in which we were unable to determine eligibility criteria were excluded.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data were abstracted into a standard data extraction form.

RESULTS

We provided binary (no or yes) and graded (no, nonsevere, or severe) definitions of respiratory dysfunction, prioritizing oxygenation and respiratory support. The proposed criteria were approved by 82% of members in the first round, with a score of 8 of 9 (interquartile range 7–8).

LIMITATIONS

Exclusion of non-English publications, heterogeneity across the pediatric age range, small sample sizes, and incomplete handling of confounders are limitations.

CONCLUSIONS

We propose definitions for respiratory dysfunction in critically ill children after an exhaustive literature review.
Acute Liver Dysfunction Criteria in Critically Ill Children: The PODIUM Consensus Conference
Authors: Squires James E. , McKiernan Patrick J. , Squires Robert H.
Published: December 2021

CONTEXT

Develop evidence-based criteria for individual organ dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES

Evaluate current evidence and develop contemporary consensus criteria for acute liver dysfunction with associated outcomes in critically ill children.

DATA SOURCES

Electronic searches of PubMed and Embase conducted from January 1992 to January 2020, used medical subject heading terms and text words to characterize acute liver dysfunction and outcomes.

STUDY SELECTION

Studies evaluating critically ill children with acute liver dysfunction, assessed screening tools, and outcomes were included. Studies evaluating adults, infants ≤36 weeks gestational age, or animals or were reviews/commentaries, case series with sample size ≤10, or non-English language studies were excluded.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data were abstracted from each eligible study into a data extraction form along with risk of bias assessment by a task force member.

RESULTS

The systematic review supports criteria for acute liver dysfunction, in the absence of known chronic liver disease, as having onset of symptoms <8 weeks, combined with biochemical evidence of acute liver injury, and liver-based coagulopathy, with hepatic encephalopathy required for an international normalized ratio between 1.5 and 2.0.

LIMITATIONS

Unable to assess acute-on-chronic liver dysfunction, subjective nature of hepatic encephalopathy, relevant articles missed by reviewers.

CONCLUSIONS

Proposed criteria identify an infant, child, or adolescent who has reached a clinical threshold where any of the 3 outcomes (alive with native liver, death, or liver transplant) are possible and should prompt an urgent liaison with a recognized pediatric liver transplant center if liver failure is the principal driver of multiple organ dysfunction.
Hematologic Dysfunction Criteria in Critically Ill Children: The PODIUM Consensus Conference
Authors: Muszynski Jennifer A. , Cholette Jill M. , Steiner Marie E. , Tucci Marisa , Doctor Allan , Parker Robert I.
Published: December 2021

CONTEXT

Studies of organ dysfunction in children are limited by a lack of consensus around organ dysfunction criteria.

OBJECTIVES

To derive evidence-informed, consensus-based criteria for hematologic dysfunction in critically ill children.

DATA SOURCES

Data sources included PubMed and Embase from January 1992 to January 2020.

STUDY SELECTION

Studies were included if they evaluated assessment/scoring tools to screen for hematologic dysfunction and assessed outcomes of mortality, functional status, organ-specific outcomes, or other patient-centered outcomes. Studies of adults or premature infants, animal studies, reviews/commentaries, small case series, and non-English language studies with inability to determine eligibility were excluded.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data were abstracted from each eligible study into a standard data extraction form along with risk of bias assessment.

RESULTS

Twenty-nine studies were included. The systematic review supports the following criteria for hematologic dysfunction: thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100000 cells/µL in patients without hematologic or oncologic diagnosis, platelet count <30000 cells/µL in patients with hematologic or oncologic diagnoses, or platelet count decreased ≥50% from baseline; or leukocyte count <3000 cells/µL; or hemoglobin concentration between 5 and 7 g/dL (nonsevere) or <5 g/dL (severe).

LIMITATIONS

Most studies evaluated pre-specified thresholds of cytopenias. No studies addressed associations between the etiology or progression of cytopenias overtime with outcomes, and no studies evaluated cellular function.

CONCLUSIONS

Hematologic dysfunction, as defined by cytopenia, is a risk factor for poor outcome in critically ill children, although specific threshold values associated with increased mortality are poorly defined by the current literature.
Do real ao Fictício: como atua o Design de Personagens na criação de uma personagem biográfica para um livro ilustrado
Authors: Cervantes Carolina Tanabe , Faria Mônica Lima de
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo explorar uma metodologia de design de personagens, bem como expor as questões que englobam o projeto de criação dos mesmos, tendo como resultado a concepção final de uma personagem biográfica dedicada à criação de um livro ilustrado. Os objetivos desta pesquisa consistem em elencar os dados teóricos juntamente com a prática, e através disso apresentar os resultados obtidos No que contempla a metodologia, esta pesquisa é qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, com revisões bibliográficas e documentais, e busca gerar maior familiaridade com os temas apresentados.
Gestor Júnior: plataforma de gestão de projetos para a Designeria Empresa Júnior
Authors: Lima da Silva Julia , De Araujo Neves Helena
Published: December 2021

Este artigo trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa que resultou na criação da plataforma Gestor Júnior – visando gerir os projetos da Designeria – Empresa Júnior vinculada aos cursos de Design da UFPel. Em tal investigação buscou-se debater os conceitos da Gestão e do Design a partir dos estudos de Mozota (2011) e Best (2012). A partir dessas perspectivas, investigou-se o sistema de funcionamento da referida Empresa utilizando-se, como técnicas de coleta de dados, de análise de documentos; de questionário aplicado nos ex-integrantes da empresa e de análise de concorrentes. Como resultado, neste artigo é exposto o desenvolvimento da plataforma desenvolvida para tal Empresa Júnior, a partir da metodologia de projeto de Jesse James Garrett (2011), e com potencial para ser escalável.
Pengaruh priming terhadap vigor benih kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merril.) yang dikecambahkan pada media dengan cekaman alumunium
Authors: Agustiansyah Agustiansyah , Timotiwu Paul B , Lutfiah Nabila
Published: December 2021

Kandungan aluminium yang tinggi pada tanah Ultisol merupakan salah satu masalah utama dalam budidaya tanaman kedelai mulai dari fase perkecambahan hingga pertumbuhan tanaman. Perlakuan priming pada benih diyakini mampu memperbaiki perkecambahan pada lingkungan yang kurang menguntungkan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh priming pada perkecambahan benih kedelai yang dikecambahkan dalam media masam dan mengandung aluminium. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah jenis priming : tanpa priming, H2O (air), KNO3 1%, KNO3 2%, GA3 50 ppm, GA3 100 ppm, dan PEG 6000 7,5%. Faktor kedua adalah varietas kedelai yaitu: Anjasmoro, Burangrang, dan Grobogan. Data dianalisis sidik ragamnya dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) 5% menggunakan program statistika R Studio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan priming PEG 7,5% dan varietas Burangrang secara mandiri merupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk meningkatkan vigor benih kedelai berdasarkan variabel waktu muncul kecambah, kecepatan perkecambahan, dan panjang hipokotil. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah PEG 7,5% dapat digunakan untuk perbaikan perkecambahan pada tanah masam dengan kandungan aluminium yang relatif tinggi. High aluminium content in Ultisol is the main problem in soybean cultivation from germination to planting growth phases.Priming treatment is believed to improve seed germination in a poor-growing environment. This study aimed to determine the effect of priming of soybean seeds germinated under acid medium and aluminium stress. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial pattern. The first factor was priming type : no priming, H2O (water), 1% KNO3, 2% KNO3, 50 ppm GA3, 100 ppm GA3, and 7.5% PEG 6000. The second factor was soybean variety : Anjasmoro, Burangrang, and Grobogan.  The data obtained were analyzed using the R Studio statistic program with a 5% HSD test. The study resulted that each PEG 7.5% priming and Burangrang  variety independently was the best in increasing soybean seed vigor based on sprout time emergence, germination speed and hypocotyl length. This research implicates that PEG 7.5% can be used to improve seed germination on acid soils with high aluminium content.
Perbedaan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas varietas bayam hijau dan bayam merah
Authors: Ritonga Arya Widura , Ar Rosyid Muhammad Syaifuk , Anderson Axel , Chozin Muhamad Achmad , Purwono Purwono
Published: December 2021

Bayam termasuk salah satu sayuran terpenting di Indonesia karena paling banyak dikonsumsi setelah kangkung. Bayam hijau dan bayam merah merupakan jenis bayam paling banyak ditanam dan dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas varietas bayam hijau dan bayam merah. Penelitian dilakukan pada Februari – April 2021 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University. Sebanyak 9 varietas bayam hijau (Maryland, Richie, Maestro, Benua, Doly, Khanafiah, Manila, Pacific, White Leaf) dan 4 varietas bayam merah (Mira, Baret Merah, Clara, Aurora) ditanam menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa varietas bayam hijau memiliki kandungan persentase warna hijau daun lebih banyak namun memiliki persentase warna biru dan merah yang lebih rendah dibandingkan varietas bayam merah. Hasil penelitian juga memperlihatkan bahwa varietas bayam hijau menghasilkan tinggi tanaman dan produktivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan varietas bayam merah, namun varietas bayam merah menghasilkan luas daun dan jumlah daun per tanaman saat panen yang lebih baik besar dibandingkan varietas bayam hijau. Varietas White Leaf merupakan varietas bayam yang sangat baik karena memiliki persentase warna hijau daun yang tinggi, luas daun yang besar dan produktivitas yang tinggi. Spinach is one of the most important vegetables in Indonesia because it was the second most consumed after kangkung. Green spinach and red spinach are the most widely grown and consumed types of spinach. This study aimed to determine differences in growth and productivity between varieties of green spinach and red spinach. The research was conducted in February – April 2021 at the Leuwikopo Experimental Field, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. A total of nine varieties of green spinach and four varieties of red spinach were planted using a completely randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the green spinach variety contained a higher percentage of green leaf color but had a lower percentage of blue and red leaf color than the red spinach varieties. The results also showed that the green spinach varieties produced better plant height and productivity than the red spinach varieties, but the red spinach produced better leaf area and a number of leaves per plant at harvest than the green spinach. The White Leaf variety is the excellent spinach variety because it has a high percentage of green leaf color, large leaf area, and high productivity.
TOKSISITAS NANOPARTIKEL TERHADAP BIOTA DAN LINGKUNGAN LAUT
Authors: Safaat Muhammad , Wulandari Diah Anggraini
Published: December 2021

Nanopartikel disintesis melalui metode fisika, kimia, dan green synthesis. Kelemahan dari metode fisika adalah konsumsi energi yang tinggi, sedangkan metode kimia memiliki potensi bahaya yang tinggi dalam toksisitas atau produk samping dari reaksi. Penanganan nanomaterial yang tidak tepat merupakan hal yang harus diperhatikan karena dapat membahayakan ekosistem laut. Faktor bahaya dari nanopartikel logam oksida adalah disolusi, yaitu pelepasan ion logam dari logam oksida ke dalam media perairan dan penyerapan ion logam oleh organisme sekitar. Nanopartikel dapat teradsorpsi ke permukaan sel dan menyebabkan perubahan struktur membran lipid dari sel melalui reaksi peroksidasi. Penyebab pembentukan ion logam di air laut terjadi karena terdapat senyawa organik alami seperti asam fulvat dan sistein. Toksisitas nanopartikel terhadap biota laut tergantung pada sifat fisikokimia nanopartikel saat berada di dalam air. Pemakaian nanopartikel yang turut serta dalam pendistribusian nanopartikel sebagai bahan pencemar di ekosistem perairan akan dijelaskan. Selain itu, analisis implikasi dari sintesis nanopartikel terhadap efek toksik yang ditimbulkan juga akan dilakukan sebagai evaluasi efektivitas dari metode sintesis nanopartikel terhadap lingkungan.
Optimasi Penggunaan Waktu Pembersihan untuk Suksesi Transplantasi Karang Acropora Millepora di Perairan Malang Rapat, Bintan
Authors: Bukhari Bukhari , Putra Risandi Dwirama , Kurniawan Dedy
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pertumbuhan, tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi waktu pembersihan terhadap keberhasilan transplantasi karang keras (Acropora millepora) di Perairan Malang Rapat, Bintan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode transplantasi menggunakan modul terbuat dari semen berbentuk balok. Transplantasi karang dilakukan dengan empat perlakuan, perlakuan A (fragmen dibersihkan setiap 1 minggu), perlakuan B (fragmen dibersihkan setiap 2 minggu), perlakuan C (fragmen dibersihkan setiap 3 minggu) dan perlakuan D (tidak ada pembersihan fragmen) dengan 5 kali pengulangan setiap perlakuan. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap minggu selama 12 minggu penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan mutlak pada perlakuan A sebesar 14,94 ± 4,98 mm, perlakuan B sebesar 18,16 ± 5,93 mm, perlakuan C sebesar 12,30 ± 3,78 mm dan perlakuan D sebesar 12,22 ± 4,34 mm. Laju pertumbuhan fragmen karang pada perlakuan A sebesar 1,24 ± 0,41 mm/minggu, perlakuan B sebesar 1,51 ± 0,49 mm/minggu, perlakuan C sebesar 1,02 ± 0,31 mm/minggu, dan laju perlakuan D sebesar 1,01 ± 0,36 mm/minggu. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup fragmen karang Acropora millepora pada perlakuan A dan B sebesar 100% (tidak mengalami kematian), sedangkan perlakuan C dan D sebesar 83,08% (mengalami kematian). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara pertumbuhan karang Acropora millepora berdasarkan perbedaan waktu pembersihan. Perlakuan B (pembersihan fragmen setiap 2 minggu sekali) merupakan perlakuan dengan pertumbuhan optimum.
Analisis Laju Erosi DAS Citarum dari Hulu Hingga Kawasan Muara Menggunakan Sistem Dinamik
Authors: Prihatno Hari , Setiyadi Johar
Published: December 2021

Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Citarum merupakan DAS terbesar yang ada di Jawa Barat. Sedimentasi waduk, dan banjir musiman merupakan permasalahan yang sering terjadi dan merupakan akibat dari erosi dan sedimentasi yang berkepanjangan pada DAS Citarum. Erosi tanah oleh air dapat terjadi akibat tumbukan butiran tanah oleh air dan akibat aliran air permukaan. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah memprediksi seberapa besar laju erosi tahunan pada DAS Citarum dengan memanfaatkan pemodelan Power Sim. Sebagai data inputan untuk model digunakan metode Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), adapun untuk mengetahui laju erosi tahunan yang dinyatakan dalam ton/km2/tahun, dibutuhkan perhitungan data indeks kemiringan lereng, nilai tata guna tanah, erodibilitas dan erosivitas. Hasil perhitungan prediksi hingga 100 tahun menunjukkan laju erosi terkecil secara garis besar berada pada area muara dengan nilai laju erosi lebih dari 60 ton/km2/tahun, sementara laju erosi lebih besar dari 200 ton/km2/tahun dengan prediksi perhitungan 100 tahun kedepan mendominasi area hulu DAS Citarum.
Mitigasi Bencana Gunungapi Anak Krakatau (GAK) di Kecamatan Rajasaba Kabupaten Lampung Selatan Berbasis Tempat Evakuasi Sementara (TES)
Authors: Purbani Dini , Solihuddin Tubagus , Husrin Semeidi , Salim Hadiwijaya Lesmana , Ramdhan Muhammad , Heriati Aida , Daulat August , Ontowiryo Budianto
Published: December 2021

Kecamatan Rajabasa yang berada di pesisir Kabupaten Lampung Selatan mengalami tsunami akibat longsornya GAK pada 22 Desember 2018. Kejadian tersebut menyebabkan kematian 431 jiwa, lebih dari 7200 jiwa luka dan kehilangan tempat tinggal 46.646 jiwa. Waktu penjalaran di Kecamatan Rajabasa 35 menit dengan tinggi gelombang 4 meter. Menurut data BMKG tahun 2018 diperoleh data inundasi yang terjauhdi Kecamatan Rajabasa lokasi Desa Waymuli dari 152, 5 m-348, 3 m.Untuk mengantisipasi jumlah korban dilakukan upaya mitigasi bencana dengan menggunakanaplikasi network analysis  dari perangkat lunak SIG (Sistim Informasi Geografis).Data yang digunakan dalam proses network analysis adalah data jalan yang diperoleh dari Open Street Map tahun 2019 dan diperkuat dengan waktu penjalaran serta waktu kecepatan menuju TES. Penelitian ini menggunakan waktu kecepatan 0,751 m/detik, waktu yang diperlukan untuk orang tua berkelompok. Hasil dari proses network analisis menghasilkan rute yang terbaik menuju usulan Tempat Evakuasi Sementara (TES). Jumlah usulan TES dari hasil analisis berjumlah lima lokasi yaitu Usulan TES 1 : NN shop (Desa Betung), Usulan TES 2 :  Mesjid Nurul Islam (Desa Canggung), Usulan TES 3 :  bangunan rumah (Desa Banding), Usulan TES 4 : bangunan rumah (Desa Rajabasa) dan Usulan TES 5 : bangunan rumah (Desa Waymuli). Ke lima usulan tersebut berada di jalan Pesisir. Pasca tsunami Pemda menyediakan hunian sementara dan hunian tetapbagi korban bencana.
Fauna ekinodermata di perairan Pulau Keffing, Seram Bagian Timur, Maluku
Authors: Radjab Abdul Wahab , Polnaya Dominggus , Barends Wempi , Ainarwowan Ahmad
Published: December 2021

Perairan pulau Keffing memiliki ekosistem mangrove, ekosistem lamun, maupun ekosistem karang yang masih relatif baik, perairan pantai pulau Keffing didominasi oleh habitat pasir, pasir kasar dan lumpur yang sangat menunjang kehidupan fauna ekinodermata. Penelitian tentang ekinodermata di perairan pulau Keffing perlu dilakukan mengingat akhir-akhir ini kurangnya data dan informasi tentang biota tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan, dominasi dan kepadatan ekinodermata di perairan pulau Keffing. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Nopember-Desember 2018, pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metoda transek kuadrat dan koleksi bebas pada 3 lokasi di perairan pulau Keffing.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekinodermata yang dijumpai berjumlah 7 jenis, 7 famili, dan 4 kelas. Nilai dominasi tertinggi sebesar 0.003 yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat dominasi spesies tertentu yaitu Holothuroidea. Sedangkan kepadatan ekinodermata berdasarkan kelompok kelas pada perairan pulau Keffing tertinggi pada kelas Holothuroidea, famili Stichopodidae dari jenis Stichopus variegatus sebesar 0,705 ind/m2 yang didominasi oleh habitat pasir yang ditumbuhi lamun.
Effectivity of Normal Concrete and Clamshell as Materials of Artificial Pyramid Reef at Pasir Putih Beach, Situbondo - Indonesia
Authors: Akhwady Rudhy , Akhyar Maududi Muhammad , Chandra Dewi Dwi , Muzaky Luthfi Oktiyas
Published: December 2021

The bivalve anadara grandis is one of the most abundant shells which are easy to find in Indonesian waters. The number of clams consumed is directly proportional to the amount of clamshell waste, which the most part is only disposed into waste. Coral reef has a very important purpose in supporting activities in coastal areas. Artificial reef is a structure that has aim to restore the biological purpose coral reef that have been damaged. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the use of normal concrete (made from sand, cement dan splits only) than clamshell mixture as materials of artificial reef.  A field research was conducted in Pasir Putih, Situbondo, with visual descriptive method (transect with a quadrant of 25 x 25cm) and underwater camera as an aid to facilitate the observation. During the 4-month observation of the drowning, nine types of biotas were found in attaching, with the dominant biota attached to these artificial reef were bivalves, barnacles, and bryozoan. Results show that the total number and density of calcareous biota attached on clamshell concretes are higher than those of standard concretes. So, it could be concluded that the concrete reefs made of clamshells resulted in attachment of biota slightly higher than it of normal concretes and the benefits of both materials can form the coral reef ecosystem well. In particular, the use of artificial reef with a mixture of clamshells is better than normal concrete because its more effective for algae attachment and cheaper because  low budget due to the material availability of clamshell presently as damage and wastes in coastal area.
Assessing Mandeh Region as the Center of Marine Ecotourism in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia: Mass Tourism Issue and Vulnerability Aspects
Authors: Wisha Ulung Jantama , Al Tanto Try , Ridwan Nia Naelul Hasanah , Rahmawan Guntur Adhi , Dhiauddin Ruzana , Ondara Koko , Gemilang Wisnu Arya
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, Mandeh Region has developed significantly as the center of marine ecotourism in West Sumatra Province. Many local and international tourists were visiting this site. Due to those conditions, many threats emerged, such as mass tourism evoking damages and pollutions. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of the Mandeh Region for tourism activity and identify the impacts of mass tourism. A direct survey has been conducted. We assessed water quality, accessibility, and social conflicts using a scoring method. A modified matrix categorizing some parameters as the underlying data for marine tourism sustainability was used. We also developed Smartline and CVI model to assess the vulnerability level along Mandeh coastal bay. Local zonation was recommended to reduce more environmental damages. We examined the feasibility of the Mandeh region as a place for ecotourism that reached 71.12 %, indicating this area is sufficiently feasible. The absence of local regulations before the Mandeh region was established as the center of marine ecotourism resulted in mass tourism phenomena that elevated marine litter accumulation. Moreover, the development of many resorts near the coast has recently played a role in triggering pollution and damage. Advanced regulation and management are necessary to diminish negative impacts on both the environment and society.
Hydro-Oceanographic Characteristics In Karimunjawa Coastal Waters During The 1st Transitional Season
Authors: Yulius Yulius , Prihantono Joko , Gunawan Dino , Ramdhan Muhammad , Daulat August , Kurniana Putra Nur Kholik
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine oceanographic characteristics such as tides, waves, and currents in Karimunjawa Coastal Waters during the 1st transitional season and to update the oceanographic database for spatial management evaluation in the region. The tidal characteristics were obtained from the least square method analysis using World Tide software based on Matlab programming language, while wave and current characteristics obtained from 2-dimensional numerical modeling using Mike 21 software on the flow model and spectral wave module. The primary data used were the significant wave height (Hs), wave peak period (Tp), and ocean current components (u and v velocity) on 13-26 May 2016 using the Sontex Argonaut XR type Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) equipment. Tide data were predicted for the Kemujan Islands station from 1-31 March 2020. Secondary data for additional numerical model input were obtained from ERA5-reanalysis in the form of Hs, Tp, u, and v wind velocity data for May 2020 with a temporal resolution of 20 minutes, while bathymetry data derived from GEBCO Satellite Derivated Bathymetry (SDB) data. The tide analysis results showed that Karimunjawa waters are a single daily mixed tidal type. The wave characteristic moves from east to west with high waves reached 0.9 meters and a peak period of 7 seconds. The eastern side of Karimunjawa Island, Kemujan Island, and the western area have a calmer wave. The current characteristic moves northeastward with a speed of 5-28 cm/s, which concludes that in several locations, such as the Menjangan Besar-Menjangan Kecil strait, the currents depend on the tidal conditions.
Redescription of \(\textit{Caridina cucphuongensis Dang}\), 1980 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from Cuc Phuong National Park, Northern Vietnam
Authors: Yen Phan Thi , Klotz Werner , Rintelen Thomas von , Dong Dang Van , Tu Do Van
Published: December 2021

The freshwater shrimp species Caridina cucphuongensis (family Atyidae) was poorly described by Dang (1980). Moreover, the taxonomic status of this species is hard to verify as the types have been lost. This study provides a redescription of the species and designation of a neotype specimen. The Caridina cucphuongensis Dang, 1980 is characterized by short rostrum with large teeth on the dorsal margin, long stylocerite, subrectangular endopod of male first pleopod, and short appendix interna of the male second pleopod.
Eosinophilia in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Kim Kyoung Ha , Chang Tae Ik , Yoon Seug Yun , Lee Min-Young , Lee Namsu , Won Jong-Ho , Chang Myung Hee
Published: December 2021

Objective: Eosinophilia in patients on hemodialysis has already been reported. It has been associated with allergy to dialyzers and exaggerated activation of complement during hemodialysis. Its etiology, however, remains unknown. In addition, there are not enough studies on eosinophilia in patients on hemodialysis in Korea. Therefore, we performed this retrospective study to find out the prevalence and possible etiologic factors of blood eosinophilia in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods: Between January 2013 to December 2015, the patients hospitalized for hemodialysis at Soonchunhyang University Hospital and National Health Insurance Service Medical Center (Ilsan Hospital) were included in this study. Eosinophilia was defined when absolute eosinophil count was greater than 500/μL, respectively. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients about parasite infection, other malignancies, and history of kidney transplantation.Results: Of the 2,155 patients hospitalized for hemodialysis at two centers, 1,057 patients (49%) were found to have eosinophilia. We investigated 1,199 patients’ information (Soonchunhyang University Hospital) by the medical records. Two hundred two patients (16.8%) had no identifiable and/or possible causes. Only two patients complained of symptoms such as itching. Steroids were administered to control symptoms, and both patients had normal eosinophil levels, and steroids were discontinued. Other patients did not complain of specific symptoms associated with eosinophilia and did not take medication such as steroids. Eosinophilia was improved in 49% of patients without special treatments.Conclusion: We found that the eosinophil counts in patients with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis were frequently elevated. However, in most cases, eosinophilia was not clinically relevant.
A Mortality Case Caused by Thrombotic Microangiopathy after Successful Bloodless Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Park Sun Young , Cho Ho Bum , You Gyu Wan , Kim Kyeong Sik
Published: December 2021

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) after solid organ transplantation is infrequent and its etiology remains still unclear. Nevertheless, if early diagnosis and early therapies are not performed, it can lead to severe life-threatening complications and even death. A 54-year-old female (a Jehovah’s Witness) was diagnosed with drug-induced toxic hepatitis and was decided to undergo bloodless living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). After the successful LDLT, the patient’s condition deteriorated, and she was diagnosed with TMA during further evaluation. We tried to proceed with plasma exchange-based treatment, but she and her family declined according to their religious beliefs. The patient expired 4 days after the diagnosis. Physicians should maintain a high level of suspicion for TMA after liver transplantation when clinical manifestations are observed.
A Case Giving Proof of Pathogenesis of Abdominoscrotal Hydrocele: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Hee Jo , Son Myoung Won , Kim Doo Sang
Published: December 2021

An abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) is an uncommon condition characterized by cystic mass that occupies the scrotum and abdomen. The characteristic aspect is the presence of two hydrocele sacs in the abdominal cavity and the scrotum, and compression of one side causes enlargement of the other side, thereby connecting the two sacs. There are several hypotheses regarding the occurrence of ASH. However, the evidence of the hypotheses is lacking. The patient was a 52-year-old male. During observation of the right inguinoscrotal hydrocele, the patient complained of a palpable mass lesion on the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Physical examination revealed ASH that occurred with the growth of the inguinoscrotal hydrocele. This was further confirmed by sequential imaging test thereby proposing the verification of cephalad extension of hydrocele. The surgical excision was recommended and inguinal exploration was performed under general anesthesia. No evidence of relapse was observed during the 2-year follow-up period after surgery. The present case proves the cephalad extension of hydrocele among other hypotheses on the etiology of ASH.
Literature Review - Dani Ploeger, Deserted Devices and Wasted Fences: Everyday Technologies in Extreme Circumstances
Authors: Hunt Benjamin
Published: December 2021

Deserted Devices and Wasted Fences is acaptivating critique on consumer culture and the role technology plays, and canplay, in our understanding of the world around us and ourselves. Dani Ploeger’scollection of essays offer a guided tour of items and memories, like a livingmemory box. These writings probe our relationships with devices and what they representin our culture; from mobile phones to projectors, from smart fences to strap-ondildos. Ploeger’s provocation unravels from the journey of a device; to theintertwining of the human and non-human technology, shifting gears to the symbolismand mythology of military and state devices of control, closing with thecultural interaction with architectural decisions made in urban landscapes.Although seemingly grand, and without a doubt ambitious, in subject matter,Ploeger evokes the tone of memoir, incorporating reflections of his travels andpersonal happenings, with philosophical and political deliberation; bringing inkey thinkers to ratify and expand his unique perspectives.
SATISFACTION WITH WORKING TIME BEFORE THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN EUROPEAN SOCIETIES: RESULTS OF MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Institute for Population and Human Studies — Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Dimitrova E.K.
Published: December 2021

Satisfaction with working time gains increasing importance in the context of changing sphere of work, spread-out of flexible forms of employment, digitalisation and telework in the recent times of the Covid-19 pandemic. The paper focuses on the factors associated with satisfaction with working time in European countries before the pandemic based on data from the European Quality of Life Survey (2016). The study serves as a basis for further comparison of the trend in working time satisfaction in the pre-pandemic period across Europe and the recent period of increasing flexibilisation of work, digitalisation and spread-out of distant employment. For this purpose, descriptive statistical analyses and two-level random intercept model for binary responses are applied. The results show that women report higher satisfaction with working time compared to men. Satisfaction significantly increases after the age of 40. The number of children and the presence of children below the age of 6 in the household are negatively associated with satisfaction with working time. Satisfaction is positively associated with income and education. Structural conditions, such as economic development measured by gross domestic product (GDP), influence Europeans’ working time satisfaction. In the Balkan countries, satisfaction with working time is the lowest, while in the North-Western societies the highest percentage of workers are satisfied with working time before the Covid-19 pandemic.
Integrated Management of the Regional Container Transport System
Authors:   Ural State University of Railway Transport, Kochneva D.I. , Say V.M. ,   Ural State University of Railway Transport
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, regional container transport systems operate in the context of incomplete information and lack of integration of economic entities. Pursuance of personal economic gains by companies often leads to an imbalance in the development of regional terminal capacities, irrational empty container flows and a decreased efficiency of the regional container system in general. The present article proposes an approach to the integrated management of the regional container transport system based on the coordinated container flow distribution between terminals. This technology aims to increase the efficiency of the whole system, including due to the flow enlargement and the accelerated container trains formation. The approach involves the data sharing between cargo owners, terminals, the railway and resource owners on a digital logistics platform that forms logistics chains taking into account the transportation geography, infrastructure capacity and the interests of container market entities. The research presents a mathematical formalisation of the optimal container delivery chains by the time criterion, as well as a model of the integrated distribution of container flows between terminals. The model distributes the total container flow generated by a region between the existing terminal facilities in a way to minimise the total time of cargo delivery (taking into account the accumulation time of the full-length container block train at the terminal). The model, tested in the conditions of the container transport system in the Ural region, showed that an integrated management approach reduces the average container delivery time by 5 days due to the flow enlargement and regular container block trains. The effect size depends on the total regional container flow, as the larger number of requests for transportation to a certain destination leads to the accelerated formation of loaded container trains. The proposed technology is of economic interest for various participants of the container transport system. For cargo owners, it reduces the delivery time and, consequently, increases the capital turnover; for container owners, it accelerates the container turnover and reduces empty running; for terminals, it increases the throughput by reducing the accumulation time. To improve the model, it is planned to develop approaches for coordinating not only outgoing, but also incoming container flows between existing terminals.
Reproduction Processes in Subsoil Use as the Basis for Sustainable Socio-Economic Development of Oil-Producing Regions
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Sharf I.V.
Published: December 2021

There are numerous studies on different aspects of the impact of hydrocarbon production on Russian economy. Nevertheless, direct and indirect effects of reserve reproduction on social and economic development of oil-producing regions have been insufficiently assessed, even though it differs due to various macroeconomic processes and existing state mechanisms of subsoil use. The present paper examines the upstream sector of the petroleum industry comprising hydrocarbon exploration and production. The research hypothesis states that an imbalance in subsoil use results in growing inequality of socio-economic development of Russian regions, while the expansion of geological exploration work will reduce this effect. The study analyses the influence of geological exploration, leading to an increase in oil reserves and oil production, on gross regional product (GRP) per capita and personal income. For that purpose, the analysis was performed based on statistical data on five regions of the Russian Federation using the Cobb-Douglas production functions. According to the results obtained for blocks of the proposed regression model, Russian regions were divided into clusters in terms of the input effect on expected results. Overall, the influence of oil production on GRP per capita and average income is more significant compared to an increase in oil reserves. Moreover, the impact of the upstream sector in Tomsk oblast is stronger than in other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The existing regional imbalance in social-economic development depends on not only available natural capital and tax relief system in subsoil management, but also differences in economic development and the role of petroleum industry in the analysed regions. In the context of recession, the expansion of geological exploration is required to increase natural capital that would provide the income many times higher than investments at the upswing of the cycle. The study results can be used for petroleum industry management in the field of geological exploration to justify the use of financial and fiscal incentives.
Global and National Factors Influencing Regional Export and Import on the Example of the Siberian Federal District
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Suslov V.I. ,   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of RAS, Kovaleva G.D. ,   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of RAS
Published: December 2021

A strategy for improving export and import of Russian regions requires the identification of macroeconomic factors affecting their foreign trade. According to the scientific principle of deduction (from general to particular), trends observed in highly aggregated objects should be assessed first. Time series for foreign trade of the Siberian Federal District were analysed and compared with those of the Russian Federation, Central Federal District and the city of Moscow. Methods of comparative, structural, expert analysis, statistical estimation and econometric modelling are utilised in the research. The study demonstrates that the separation of profit centres and production sites through legal registration of company head offices (the mechanism called «administrative resource») negatively affects regional exports, as well as other aspects. 2018–2019 ratings of Russian regions in terms of production, volume of operations and gross regional product (GRP) per capita revealed the centre’s monopoly in the mining and manufacturing sectors, causing further centralisation of regional budgetary resources. Application of the method of stepwise regression based on partial correlations demonstrated the significant influence of world oil prices and the weak impact of sanctions for Russian trade. It was statistically confirmed that trade in the Siberian Federal District primarily depends on world metal prices, and then the rouble exchange rate, while the influence of the price of oil, whose export was practically taken out of the region, is quite weak. The proposed combination of profit centres with places of its generation is considered as an effective tool for regional equalisation of the foreign trade effect, aimed at overcoming the socio-economic heterogeneity of regions without involving the federal budget. The obtained results can be used by government bodies and research centres for developing regional strategies.
Composite Index for Evaluating the B2C E-Commerce Development in the EAEU Countries
Authors:   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zhanbozova A.B. , Turgel I.D. ,   Ural Federal University, Azatbek T.A. ,   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: December 2021

A comparative assessment of business-to-company (B2C) e-commerce development in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries is difficult to conduct due to the incommensurability of their economies and the lack of homogeneous data. To solve this problem, a composite index combining various sub-indices and indicators was created. The presented article discusses the creation of tools for assessing the B2C e-commerce development in the EAEU countries. The initial research data was gathered from reports of the International Telecommunication Union, UNESCO, the Universal Postal Union, the World Bank, as well as from official data of national statistical agencies and central (national) banks of the EAEU countries. The composite index was constructed by normalising the values of the indicators (method of normative ideals) for their comparison. Further, data values underwent a linear transformation to a 0 — 100 scale in order to ensure their proportionality. Weighting coefficients of the indicators were determined by the method of expert evaluations. Based on the developed index, countries may be ranked by the overall index, as well as by structural factors of B2C e-commerce readiness and use intensity. The use of the e-commerce development potential was analysed based on the values of individual sub-indices. In addition, the proposed toolkit can be applied to monitor changes in the EAEU indices over time, provided that the normalised values of the indicators are maintained. Policy makers can use the research results for improving the conditions for the e-commerce development in the EAEU member-states, as well as for creating a common space of e-commerce that contributes to the strengthening of economic integration. Moreover, the article contains methodological recommendations that can be utilised to create similar assessment tools for other regional economic blocs. The limitations of the study are related to the need to consider the regional specificity of the analysed countries or regions.
Diagnostics of Threats to Regional Fiscal Security
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ilysheva N.N. , Karanina E.V. ,   Vyatka State University, Kyzyurov M.S. ,   Vyatka State University
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the influence of negative factors on the fiscal system has been strengthening at both the country and regional levels. In particular, income differentiation and fiscal capacity are increasing, inflation rate exceeds the target, negative trends of growing household debt and enterprise unprofitability are observed. Such factors are not fully considered by existing diagnostic methodologies for analysing fiscal and economic security indicators and threats. Thus, in order to adjust stabilisation decisions and implement relevant fiscal policies, it is necessary to update these approaches, especially in regions. The paper examines key definitions of threats and risks to regional fiscal security and presents the author’s classification of threats according to the incidence. Based on the analysed approaches to threat assessment and a proposed diagnostic mechanism, the research developed a method for diagnosing threats to regional fiscal security by bringing the actual values of indicators to standardised points. In addition, to determine the danger level of threats, indicator values were distributed by security zones. The suggested methodology, which includes 12 indicators, was used to analyse the fiscal security of the Komi Republic. As a result, significant threats to the regional fiscal security were identified in the economic, budget, tax, investment, innovation, price, banking, corporate and social spheres. Baseline data were obtained from Federal State Statistics Service, Federal Customs Service of Russia, Federal Taxation Service of Russia and the Bank of Russia. The proposed methodology is an effective diagnostic tool for analysing threats to fiscal security on the basis of important regional indicators. Federal and local authorities can use this particular method for monitoring regional fiscal systems.