bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DARING DAN EFEKTIVITASNYA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Purwanto
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keefektifan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia daring (online) yang meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam keterampilan berahasa pada ranah kognitif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Data terseut berupa laporan guru dan siswa tentang proses pembelajaran serta dokumentasi. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan interaktivitas. Hasil penelitian dibedakan dengan tiga temuan yaitu proses pembelajaran secara daring, kendala pembelajaran dan prestasi belajar berdasarkan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang diperoleh siswa pada bidang kognitif. Pembelajaran di masa pandemi Cocid-19 terjadi secara online. Kendala telah ditemukan dalam pembelajaran terutama yang dihadapi oleh siswa. Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia secara daring dengan meningkatkan kemampuan berahasa pada aspek kognitif adalah efektif. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan pencapaian nilai siswa leih tinggi atau diatas rata-rata dari KKM (> 80).
TAHAPAN PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA MELALUI REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION
Authors: Novitasari Vivi , Amir Mohammad Faizal
Published: January 2022

Salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis masalah-masalah kontekstual, yaitu  Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) telah terbukti dapat mengeksplorasi dan meningkatkan berpikir kreatif siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi langkah-langkah RME untuk meningkatkan berpikir kreatif siswa yang mengacu pada prinsip dan karakteristik RME. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literature. Terdapat lima tahapan proses berfikir kreatif siswa melalui RME, yakni tahap orientasi siswa membaca dan memahami masalah. Tahap persiapan siswa membaca ulang masalah, mencari informasi dari buku dan bertanya kepada guru. Tahap inkubasi siswa membaca ulang informasi yang didapat dari tahap persiapan, dan merumuskan strategi. Tahap iluminasi siswa memikirkan ide, menganalisis ide, menghubungkan dan mengaitkan ide kedalam solusi dan menyelesaikan masalah. Tahap verifikasi siswa memeriksa ide atau jawaban.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MENERAPKAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI MELALUI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DI SD NEGERI 193 PALEMBANG
Authors: Aulia
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah, yang dilaksanakan dalam 3 siklus. Setiap siklusnya melalui 4 tahapan, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi.Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1)Mendiskripsikan peranan supervise akademik dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan guru di SD Negeri 193 Palembang. 2) Sebagai indikator bagi kepala sekolah dan pembina sekolah lainnya dalam melaksanakan tugasnya melakukan supervise akademik selaku pengajar di sekolah agar dapat meningkatkan sikap dan kemampuan profesionalnya dalam mengelola profesionalisme guru yang menjadi binaannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I  memperoleh skor hanya 61.96 %, siklus II memperoleh skor 81,55,sedangkan pada siklus III pada ketegori tinggi dengan skor persentase keberhasilan 93.14. Hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa supervise akademik dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru di SD Negeri 193 Palembang.

 

Kata Kunci : Inkuiri,Supervisi Akademik, Kemampuan Guru
EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI, OLAHRAGA DAN KESEHATAN (PJOK) SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sutrisno
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali sistem pelaksanaan penilaian pembelajaran di sekolah dan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh guru pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK) selama pandemi Covid-19. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif eksploratori yang dilakukan di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Negeri di Kota Surabaya. Sumber data penelitian diperoleh dari guru PJOK sebanyak 40 responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Sedangkan alat utama adalah peneliti yang dilengkapi dengan pedoman kuesioner dan pedoman wawancara. Bentuk analisis data penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan penilaian hasil belajar di sekolah pada masa pandemi Covid-19 kurang efektif dan tidak dilakukan secara maksimal terutama pada aspek kognitif emosional dan psikologis. Guru hanya bisa menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp sebagai sarana utama proses penilaian bahkan ada yang menggunakan aplikasi Zoom Meeting, Google Meet atau Microsoft Teams. Telah terukti bahwa guru hanya menyimpulkan dari hasil kerja pada soal tanpa memvalidasi proses. Selain itu guru menghadapi kendala dalam melakukan penilaian ini antara lain: guru bingung terhadap alat yang akan dimana keterampilan teknologi yang rendah dari guru, orang tua dan siswa Jaringan yang lemah dan kuota teratas juga menjadi kendala dalam kegiatan pembelajaran selama pandemi.
New investigations on homogeneous ice nucleation: the effects of water activity and water saturation formulations
Authors: Baumgartner Manuel , Rolf Christian , Grooß Jens-Uwe , Schneider Julia , Schorr Tobias , Möhler Ottmar , Spichtinger Peter , Krämer Martina
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Laboratory measurements at the AIDA cloud chamber and airborne in situ observations suggest that the homogeneous freezing thresholds at low temperatures are possibly higher than expected from the so-called “Koop line”. This finding is of importance, because the ice onset relative humidity affects the cirrus cloud coverage and, at the very low temperatures of the tropical tropopause layer, together with the number of ice crystals also the transport of water vapor into the stratosphere. Both the appearance of cirrus clouds and the amount of stratospheric water feed back to the radiative budget of the atmosphere. In order to explore the enhanced ice onset humidities, we re-examine the entire homogeneous ice nucleation process, ice onset, and nucleated crystal numbers, by means of a two-moment microphysics scheme embedded in the trajectory-based model (CLaMS-Ice) as follows: the well-understood and described theoretical framework of homogeneous ice nucleation includes certain formulations of the water activity of the freezing aerosol particles and the saturation vapor pressure of water with respect to liquid water. However, different formulations are available for both parameters. Here, we present extensive sensitivity simulations testing the influence of three different formulations for the water activity and four for the water saturation on homogeneous ice nucleation. We found that the number of nucleated ice crystals is almost independent of these formulations but is instead sensitive to the size distribution of the freezing aerosol particles. The ice onset humidities, also depending on the particle size, are however significantly affected by the choices of the water activity and water saturation, in particular at cold temperatures ≲205 K. From the CLaMS-Ice sensitivity simulations, we here provide combinations of water saturation and water activity formulations suitable to reproduce the new, enhanced freezing line.
Time and Altitude spread F echoes distribution over the Christmas Island VHF radar
Authors: de La Cruz Cueva Ricardo Yvan , Rodrigues de Paula Eurico , Cunha Neto Acácio
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The goal of this work is to study the time and altitude echoes characteristics under different solar and seasonality conditions using the VHF radar RTI images. The occurrence of equatorial spread F depends on the existence of conditions that can seed the Raileight-Taylor instability, and these conditions can change with solar flux, seasonality, longitude distributions, and day-to-day variability. So, the equatorial spread F is observed as its time and altitude occurrence. The VHF radar of Christmas Island (2.0° N, 157.4° W, 2.9° N dip latitude) has been operational in the equatorial region for some time now, allowing long-term observations. The occurrence of echoes during solar minimum conditions are observed all throughout the night since the post reversal westward electric field is weaker than the solar maximum and the possibilities for the vertical plasma drift to become positive are larger. On other hand, echoes during solar maximum will be controlled by dynamics near the time of the Pre-reversal Peak (PRE). Our results indicate peak time occurrence of echoes along this period shows a well-defined pattern, with echoes being distributed as closer to local sunset during solar maximum and around/closer midnight during solar minimum conditions, meanwhile, the peak altitude occurrence of echoes shows a slightly regular pattern with higher altitude occurrences during solar maxima and lower altitudes during solar minimum conditions.
Pelagic primary production in the coastal Mediterranean Sea: variability, trends, and contribution to basin-scale budgets
Authors: Salgado-Hernanz Paula Maria , Regaudie-de-Gioux Aurore , Antoine David , Basterretxea Gotzon
Published: January 2022

Abstract. We estimated pelagic primary production (PP) in the
coastal (<200 m depth) Mediterranean Sea from satellite-borne data,
its contribution to basin-scale carbon fixation, its variability, and
long-term trends during the period 2002–2016. Annual coastal PP was
estimated at 0.041 Gt C, which approximately represents 12 % of total
carbon fixation in the Mediterranean Sea. About 51 % of this production
occurs in the eastern basin, whereas the western and Adriatic shelves
contribute with ∼25 % each of total coastal production.
Strong regional variability is revealed in coastal PP, from high-production
areas (>300 g C m−2) associated with major river
discharges to less productive provinces (<50 g C m−2) located
in the southeastern Mediterranean. PP variability in the Mediterranean Sea
is dominated by interannual variations, but a notable basin-scale decline (17 %) has been observed since 2012 concurring with a period of increasing sea
surface temperatures in the Mediterranean Sea and positive North Atlantic
Oscillation and Mediterranean Oscillation climate indices. Long-term trends
in PP reveal slight declines in most coastal areas (−0.05 to −0.1 g C m−2 per decade) except in the Adriatic where PP increases at +0.1 g C m−2 per decade. Regionalization of coastal waters based on PP seasonal
patterns reveals the importance of river effluents in determining PP in
coastal waters that can regionally increase up to 5-fold. Our study
provides insight into the contribution of coastal waters to basin-scale carbon
balances in the Mediterranean Sea while highlighting the importance of the
different temporal and spatial scales of variability.
Contrasting responses of phytoplankton productivity between coastal and offshore surface waters in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea to future CO2-induced acidification
Authors: Gao Guang , Wang Tifeng , Sun Jiazhen , Zhao Xin , Wang Lifang , Guo Xianghui , Gao Kunshan
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Future CO2-induced ocean acidification (OA) has been documented to either inhibit or enhance or result in no effect on marine primary productivity (PP). In order to examine effects of OA under multiple drivers, we investigated the influences of OA (a decrease of 0.4 pHtotal units with corresponding CO2 concentrations ranged 22.0–39.7 µM) on PP through deck-incubation experiments at 101 stations in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea (SCS), including the coastal zone, the continental shelf and slope, as well as deep-water basin. The daily net primary productivities in surface seawater under incident solar radiation ranged from 17–306 µg C (µg Chl a)−1 d−1, with the responses of PP to OA being region-dependent and the OA-induced changes varying from −88.03 % (inhibition) to 56.87 % (enhancement). The OA-treatment stimulated PP in surface waters of coastal, estuarine and shelf waters, but suppressed it in the South China Sea basin. Such OA-induced changes in PP were significantly related to NOX (the sum of NO3− and NO2−) availability, in situ pH and solar radiation in surface seawater, but negatively related to salinity changes. Our results indicate that phytoplankton cells are more vulnerable to pH drop in oligotrophic waters. Considering high nutrient and low salinity in coastal waters and reduced nutrient availability in pelagic zones with the progressive stratification associated with ocean warming, our results imply that future OA will enhance PP in coastal waters but decrease it in pelagic oligotrophic zones.
Contrasting vertical distributions of recent planktic foraminifera off Indonesia during the southeast monsoon: implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions
Authors: Tapia Raúl , Ho Sze Ling , Wang Hui-Yu , Groeneveld Jeroen , Mohtadi Mahyar
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Planktic foraminifera are widely used in palaeoceanographic and paleoclimatic studies. The accuracy of such reconstructions depends on our understanding of the organisms’ ecology. Here we report on field observations of planktic foraminiferal abundances (>150 µm) from 5 depth intervals between 0–500 m water depth at 37 sites in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean. The total planktic foraminiferal assemblage comprises 29 morphospecies; with 11 morphospecies accounting for ~90 % of the total assemblage. Both species composition and dominance in the net samples are broadly consistent with the published data from the corresponding surface sediments. The abundance and vertical distribution of planktic foraminifera are low offshore west Sumatra, and increase towards offshore south Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands (LSI). Average living depth of Trilobatus trilobus, Globigerinoides ruber, and Globigerina bulloides increases eastward, while that of Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, and Globorotalia menardii remains constant. We interpret the overall zonal and vertical distribution patterns in planktic foraminiferal abundances as a response to the contrasting upper water column conditions during the southeast monsoon, i.e., oligotrophic and stratified offshore Sumatra (non-upwelling) vs. eutrophic and well-mixed offshore Java-LSI (upwelling). Overall, the inferred habitat depths of selected planktic foraminifera species show a good agreement with those from sediment trap samples and from surface sedimentss off Sumatra, but not with those from surface sediments off Java-LSI. The discrepancy might stem from the different temporal coverage of these sample types. Our findings highlight the need to consider how foraminiferal assemblages and ecology vary on shorter timescales, i.e., from “snapshots” of the water column captured by plankton net to seasonal and interannual variability as recorded in sediment traps and how these changes are transferred and preserved in deep-sea sediments.
Human impacts and their interactions in the Baltic Sea region
Authors: Reckermann Marcus , Omstedt Anders , Soomere Tarmo , Aigars Juris , Akhtar Naveed , Bełdowska Magdalena , Bełdowski Jacek , Cronin Tom , Czub Michał , Eero Margit , Hyytiäinen Kari Petri , Jalkanen Jukka-Pekka , Kiessling Anders , Kjellström Erik , Kuliński Karol , Larsén Xiaoli Guo , McCrackin Michelle , Meier H. E. Markus , Oberbeckmann Sonja , Parnell Kevin , Pons-Seres de Brauwer Cristian , Poska Anneli , Saarinen Jarkko , Szymczycha Beata , Undeman Emma , Wörman Anders , Zorita Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Coastal environments, in particular heavily populated
semi-enclosed marginal seas and coasts like the Baltic Sea region, are
strongly affected by human activities. A multitude of human impacts,
including climate change, affect the different compartments of the
environment, and these effects interact with each other. As part of the
Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEAR), we present an inventory and
discussion of different human-induced factors and processes affecting the
environment of the Baltic Sea region, and their interrelations. Some are
naturally occurring and modified by human activities (i.e. climate change,
coastal processes, hypoxia, acidification, submarine groundwater discharges,
marine ecosystems, non-indigenous species, land use and land cover), some
are completely human-induced (i.e. agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries,
river regulations, offshore wind farms, shipping, chemical contamination,
dumped warfare agents, marine litter and microplastics, tourism, and coastal
management), and they are all interrelated to different degrees. We present
a general description and analysis of the state of knowledge on these
interrelations. Our main insight is that climate change has an overarching,
integrating impact on all of the other factors and can be interpreted as a
background effect, which has different implications for the other factors.
Impacts on the environment and the human sphere can be roughly allocated to
anthropogenic drivers such as food production, energy production, transport,
industry and economy. The findings from this inventory of available
information and analysis of the different factors and their interactions in
the Baltic Sea region can largely be transferred to other comparable
marginal and coastal seas in the world.
Synthesizing the impacts of baseflow contribution on concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationships across Australia using a Bayesian hierarchical model
Authors: Guo Danlu , Minaudo Camille , Lintern Anna , Bende-Michl Ulrike , Liu Shuci , Zhang Kefeng , Duvert Clément
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Understanding concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationships can inform
catchment solute and particulate export processes. Previous studies have shown
that the extent to which baseflow contributes to streamflow can affect C–Q
relationships in some catchments. However, the current understanding on the
effects of baseflow contribution in shaping the C–Q patterns is largely
derived from temperate catchments. As such, we still lack quantitative
understanding of these effects across a wide range of climates (e.g. arid,
tropical and subtropical). The study aims to assess how baseflow
contributions, as defined by the median and the range of daily baseflow
indices within individual catchments (BFI_m and BFI_range,
respectively), influence C–Q slopes across 157 catchments in Australia
spanning five climate zones. This study focuses on six water quality
variables: electrical conductivity (EC), total phosphorus (TP), soluble
reactive phosphorus (SRP), total suspended solids (TSS), the sum of nitrate
and nitrite (NOx) and total nitrogen (TN). The impact of baseflow
contributions is explored with a novel Bayesian hierarchical model. For sediments and nutrient species (TSS, NOx, TN and TP), we generally
see largely positive C–Q slopes, which suggest a dominance of mobilization
export patterns. Further, for TSS, NOx and TP we see stronger
mobilization (steeper positive C–Q slopes) in catchments with higher values
in both the BFI_m and BFI_range, as these two metrics are positively
correlated for most catchments. The enhanced mobilization in catchments with
higher BFI_m or BFI_range is likely due to the more variable flow
pathways that occur in catchments with higher baseflow contributions. These
variable flow pathways can lead to higher concentration gradients between low
flows and high flows, where the former is generally dominated by
groundwater/slow subsurface flow while the latter by surface water sources,
respectively. This result highlights the crucial role of flow pathways in
determining catchment exports of solutes and particulates. Our study also
demonstrates the need for further studies on how the temporal variations of
flow regimes and baseflow contributions influence flow pathways and the
potential impacts of these flow pathways on catchment C–Q relationships.
Pengaruh Suhu Pengeringan Berbeda terhadap Sifat Kimia Tepung Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine palmifolio (L) Merr)
Authors: Naibaho Netty Maria
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu pengeringan terhadap rendemen dan kandungan kimia tepung bawang tiwai dengan perlakuan suhu berbeda. Percobaan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor yaitu suhu pengeringan (50°C, 60°C, dan 70oC) dengan waktu pengeringan 8 jam, masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah uji kadar air, kadar abu, rendemen, kadar protein, kadar serat dan kadar vitamin C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P1 (suhu pengeringan 50oC) menghasilkan nilai rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan vitamin C yang tertinggi dengan nilai berturut-turut sebesar 24.08 %, 12,06%, 2,51%, 3,62%, dan 0,252 mg/100 gram. Namun, kadar serat kasar tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P3 (suhu pengeringan 70oC) sebesar 5,67%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai rendemen dan kandungan kimia tepung bawang tiwai dapat berkurang atau bertambah karena ada proses suhu pengeringan yang berbeda.
Pengaruh Proporsi Jumlah Buah Pepaya dan Tepung Tapioka Terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Tingkat Kesukaan Kerupuk yang Dihasilkan
Authors: Syauqi Anis
Published: January 2022

Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas buah yang memiliki banyak fungsi dan manfaat, mengandung nutrisi yang baik serta harga yang relatif terjangkau dibandingkan buah lainnya. Pengolahan buah pepaya menjadi kerupuk juga bertujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomis serta memperpanjang masa simpan dari buah papaya karena buah papaya memiliki masa simpan yang relatif cukup singkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat kimia (kadar air, kadar abu dan serat kasar) dan tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap kerupuk buah papaya yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Perlakuan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini ada pada komposisi perbandingan antara tepung tapioka dengan buah pepaya. Pada P1 tepung tapioka sebanyak 560 gram dan buah pepaya sebanyak 140 gram, pada P2 tepung tapioka sebanyak 490 gram dan buah pepaya sebanyak 210 gram, pada P3 tepung tapioka sebanyak 420 gram dan buah pepaya 280 gram, dan pada P4 tepung tapioka sebanyak 350 gram dan buah pepaya 350 gram. Melakukan 3 kali pengulangan, maka banyaknya formula pada penelitian ini berjumlah 12 sampel percobaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji kadar air tertinggi pada perlakuan P4 dengan nilai rata-rata 9,75%. Kadar abu yang tertinggi pada perlakuan P4 dengan nilai rata-rata 2,57%. Kadar serat kasar tertinggi pada perlakuan P4 dengan nilai rata-rata 6,85%. Nilai tertinggi organoleptik warna pada perlakuan P2 dengan nilai 3,77 pada skala (suka). Nilai tertinggi organoleptik aroma pada perlakuan P2 dengan nilai mencapai 3,59 pada skala (suka). Nilai tertinggi organoleptik rasa pada perlakuan P2 dengan nilai 3,67 pada skala (suka). Dan nilai tertinggi pada organoleptik tekstur pada perlakuan P3 dengan nilai mencapai 3,57 pada skala (suka).
Upaya Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Ibu dalam Pemberian Makanan Pendamping Asi (MPASI) di Desa Rabutdaiyo Tahun 2021
Authors: Sangadji Namira Wadjir , Veronika Erna
Published: January 2022

Abstrak

Latar belakang: Pemberian MPASI yang benar dapat mengoptimalkan tumbuh kembang anak, akan tetapi masih banyak orang tua yang belum memahami praktek pemberian MPASI yang benar. Hasil observasi menunjukan sebagian besar orang tua di Desa Rabutdaiyo belum mengetahui kapan waktu yang ideal untuk memberikan MPASI. Hampir sebagian besar orang tua di Desa Rabutdaiyo memberikan MPASI sebelum 6 bulan, bahkan ada yang kurang dari 3 bulan. Berdasarkan fakta di atas maka peneliti tertarik untuk memberikan penyuluhan sebagai upaya meningkatkan pemahaman  ibu dalam pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI).

Metode: Eksperimen semu (quasi experiment) berdasarkan rancangan one group pre-posttest design digunakan dalam studi ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara langsung melalui intervensi penyuluhan tentang MPASI. Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari pengetahuan ibu tentang MPASI, usia ibu, pendidikan ibu, paritas dan status pemberian MPASI. Besar sampel dalam studi ini menggunakan total sampling 20 ibu yang memiliki baduta

Hasil: Analisis t-test menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor pengetahuan tentang MPASI sebelum dan sesudah intervensi

Kesimpulan: Kegiatan penyuluhan tentang MPASI di Desa Rabutdaiyo terbukti secara statistik dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang MPASI.

Kata kunci: Penyuluhan MPASI, tumbuh kembang, pengetahuan ibu 

Abstract

Background: Giving the correct complimentary food to children can help them grow and develop more quickly, but many parents are unaware of this practice. According to the findings, the majority of parents in Rabutdaiyo Village do not know when it is appropriate to administer MPASI. The majority of parents in Rabutdaiyo Village provided supplemental feeding prior to the age of six months, and some even before the age of three months. The researchers are interested in undertaking counseling to boost mothers' knowledge of complementary feeding (MPASI).  based on the findings above

Methods: A quasi-experiment with a one-group pre-posttest design was employed as the research approach. This research was conducted directly through counseling intervention about MPASI. Mother's awareness of complementary meals, mother's age, mother's education, parity, and status of complementary feeding were the variables in this study. A total of 20 mothers with children under the age of two were included in this study's sample size.

Result: There was a significant difference in complementary food knowledge scores before and after the intervention, according to the t-test analysis.

Conclusion: Counseling activities on MPASI in Rabutdaiyo Village were statistically proven to increase mothers' knowledge about MPASI.

Key Words: MPASI counseling , growth and development, mother's knowledge
UNDERSTANDING SAMPLING BY CHILEAN SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: REYES KAREN RUIZ , GARCÍA JOSÉ MIGUEL CONTRERAS
Published: January 2022

In statistical inference, importance of sampling is recognized as one of its key concepts, which has allowed its incorporation internationally in different curricular guidelines and specifically in the Chilean curriculum, since the first notions of sampling are introduced in 7th Grade. This paper presents an analysis of the responses to an open-ended written questionnaire, designed to evaluate understanding of sampling, that was applied to a sample of 1,241 Chilean secondary students of 8th, 10th and 12th Grades in six different secondary schools. A mixed methodology was used, with qualitative description of responses and a quantitative analysis of their frequencies. The results reflect outstanding difficulties in the use of elements related to sampling and its properties in different problem situations. For example, students can distinguish the concept of sample in contexts close to their experiences; but when faced with different sampling methods, they are not able to identify biases associated to sample selection. Thus, when deciding if a sample is representative, they mostly identify cases in which the given sample is not.
Abstract: Spanish
En inferencia estadística se reconoce la importancia del muestreo como uno de sus conceptos clave, lo que ha permitido su incorporación a nivel internacional en diferentes lineamientos curriculares y específicamente en el currículo chileno, dado que las primeras nociones de muestreo se introducen en el séptimo año de educación primaria. En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de las respuestas a un cuestionario de respuesta abierta, diseñado para evaluar la comprensión del muestreo, que fue aplicado a una muestra de 1241 estudiantes de secundaria chilenos, de octavo año de primaria, segundo año de secundaria y cuarto año de secundaria, en seis centros educativos. Se empleó una metodología mixta, con una descripción cualitativa de las respuestas y un análisis cuantitativo de sus frecuencias. Los resultados reflejan dificultades destacables en la utilización de los elementos relacionados al muestreo y sus propiedades en las diferentes situaciones problema planteadas. Por ejemplo, los estudiantes distinguen el concepto de muestra en contextos cercanos a sus experiencias; pero cuando se enfrentan a diferentes métodos de muestreo, no son capaces de identificar los sesgos asociados a la selección de muestras. Así, al momento de decidir si una muestra es representativa, identifican sobre todo los casos en que la muestra dada no lo es.
Making to unmask - the creation of and reaction to Into White Silence
Authors: Eaton Anthony
Published: January 2022

This practice-led research paper considers, from a writer’s point of view, the linked notions of masking and unmasking as they apply to creative practice in the field of writing fiction. It examines these notions within the framework of existing theory relating to the construction of ‘Children’s’ and ‘young adult’ literature’ drawn from scholars including Nodelman, Hunt, Rose and Immel. Taking as a starting point the question of whether ‘unmasking’ in fiction is truly possible, the paper considers both the creative process behind and critical reaction to, the author’s 2008 young adult novel Into White Silence, andmeasures both process and response against the impact of masking and unmasking in the making of that particular work.
Theorising the madwoman: fictocritical incursions - a performance
Authors: Deane Laura
Published: January 2022

‘Theorising the madwoman: fictocritical incursions - a performance’ is an intervention into the politics of naming and writing about women’s madness in literature. Using fictocritical tactics,this article stages a dialogue between the madwoman and the critic to make visible ‘the fiction of the disembodied scholar’ deployed in textual criticism. Sometimes speaking as the madwoman, sometimes as the feminist critic, I aim to destabilise the voice of the objective scholar, while continuing to lay some claim to it. Polyvocal in arrangement, discordant and offbeat in its strategies, and fictocritical in its tactics and stylistics, this article is an incursion into, rather than an interpretation of, women’s madness. Using a hybrid of fictional strategies, feminist scholarship, and personal experience, I allow the madwoman to interrupt, challenge and resistthe interpretive project, by careening into it. Provisional, disorderly and subversive, fictocriticism offers a way of thinking through, rather than thinking about women’s madness. It seems particularly suited to an investigation of the madwoman in literature, as it dramatises the very disorder and instability the madwoman is said to embody.
Memoir as suicide
Authors: Bradley Smith Susan
Published: January 2022

Anecdotal by necessity, this essay through an act of confession considers the advantages and disadvantages of memoir as a genre for the contemporary writer who is also an academic. Employing the ruminative techniques of the lyric essay in order to question the reliance of confessional prose on anecdotal narrative, the prose style deliberately mingles genres in fragments that attempt both to stalk the subject - confessional ethics - and to free it from a narrative entrapment where content is supreme to textual expression. Considering also the notion of creative writing as therapy, and the vanity of the self-directed gaze, any resolutions are avoided as intimacies reveal the thorny negotiations of writing and revelation.
The known world
Authors: Gibson Ross
Published: January 2022

This essay examines the dual consciousness that needs to be activated when the creative arts

are used as the basis for scholarly research. In an academic tradition that has always

prioritised analysis and critical distance, how and why should we generate, value and

communicate the intimately involved and embodied knowledge—the tacit knowledge won

from active experience—that often develops in the experimental and iterative practices

deployed by artists? How can tacit knowledge be usefully explicated and communicated?

And is there any chance these two cognitive modes can inform and enrich each other—the

implicit and the explicit?
Relación entre la articulación temporomandibular y la función vocal: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Fuentes Aracena Christopher
Published: January 2022

El estudio de la articulación temporomandibular y su relación con la función vocal ha recibido poca atención por parte de los investigadores. Las principales repercusiones de esto inciden negativamente en la labor y en la toma de decisiones del clínico. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la evidencia que relaciona a la articulación temporomandibular con la función vocal, tanto normal como patológica. Se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura mediante el análisis de artículos encontrados en las bases de datos PubMed, EBSCOHost, Scielo y Scopus. La evaluación de cada trabajo se hizo según título, abstract y criterios de elegibilidad. Los artículos analizados evidenciaron asociación entre la articulación temporomandibular y la función vocal. La disfunción temporomandibular severa afecta negativamente la percepción de la voz, mientras que, el descenso mandibular permite mayor intensidad vocal, optimiza la resonancia y facilita el control de la frecuencia fundamental.
Tratamiento de la nasalidad transpalatal en un caso complejo con trastorno fonológico
Authors: Pascual-Soriano Alberto , Cervera Mérida José Francisco
Published: January 2022

Se presenta el proceso de evaluación e intervención logopédica en una niña de 9 años con hipernasalidad y dificultades fonológicas perceptivas y expresivas. Se evalúo el nivel fonético y fonológico del lenguaje, el timbre nasal mediante nasometría, la integridad funcional de las estructuras velopalatofaríngeas y la audición. La paciente pronunciaba los sonidos [d], [l] y [t] muy distorsionados y con características de [n], al tiempo que no era capaz de distinguirlos de la consonante nasal. La configuración de su cavidad oral y su base articulatoria idiosincrática favorecía el fenómeno de nasalidad transpalatal: presencia excesiva de resonancia nasal durante la emisión de sonidos no nasales en ausencia de disfunción velofaríngea. Para el abordaje de la hipernasalidad se aplicó un tratamiento intensivo con la herramienta de biofeedback visual Nasometer II, como recomienda la literatura existente para los casos de nasalidad de origen funcional. El tratamiento fue eficaz para el control voluntario de la reducción de la hiperrinolalia, pero no fue efectivo debido a que la paciente no fue capaz de reducir el timbre nasal en el uso espontáneo del habla.
Satisfacción usuaria asociada a la atención fonoaudiológica en organizaciones de Salud Familiar y Comunitaria
Authors: Del Campo Rivas Manuel , Silva-Ríos Angélica Pilar
Published: January 2022

La satisfacción usuaria representa una dimensión relevante de la calidad en salud y es un ámbito indispensable para la provisión de servicios sanitarios efectivos. El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar la satisfacción de personas que reciben atención fonoaudiológica en organizaciones de salud familiar y comunitaria. Para ello se realizó un estudio mixto de tipo secuencial explicativo con una fase descriptiva de corte transversal que incluyó el cálculo de frecuencias, complementado con la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas para la identificación de categorías de significado a partir de análisis de contenido. Los resultados respecto con la calidad de la atención percibida el 85% reportó haber sido atendido dentro de tiempos adecuados, un 98,3% informó ser tratado con dignidad y el 85% percibió un incremento en su calidad de vida. En cuanto a las organizaciones de salud el 28,3% reportó haber esperado más de 5 minutos por una atención y un 73,3% que sus sesiones se ejecutaron en periodos de 30 minutos. Desde la calidad técnica y seguridad del usuario un 88,3% comunicó que la atención fue de calidad e igual porcentaje informó que el trabajo en el equipo de salud fue coordinado. Se identificaron tres categorías de significado relacionadas con la escucha activa, la participación social y las adecuaciones socioculturales implementadas. Como conclusión cabe indicarse que existe una elevada satisfacción por parte de personas atendidas por fonoaudiólogos en centros de salud familiar y comunitaria. La descripción de la satisfacción retroalimenta el hacer fonoaudiológico e invita a consolidar acciones alineadas con las estrategias de salud familiar y comunitaria en el territorio.
Intervención logopédica posoperatoria del frenillo lingual en niños, adolescentes y adultos. Revisión integradora de literatura
Authors: Inostroza-Allende Felipe , Caviedes Ulloa Cristóbal , González Jara Matías , Palomares-Aguilera Mirta
Published: January 2022

En los últimos años ha existido un aumento significativo en el diagnóstico de la anquiloglosia, las cirugías del frenillo lingual y las publicaciones científicas. Al respecto, es necesario que los profesionales de la salud conozcan el tratamiento fonoaudiológico en estos casos. El objetivo del estudio fue describir la terapia fonoaudiológica implementada en niños, adolescentes y adultos luego de la frenotomía, frenectomía o frenuloplastia lingual, mediante una revisión integradora de literatura. Para esto, durante el segundo trimestre del 2020 las bases de datos electrónicas PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO y Cochrane, fueron consultadas utilizando las palabras claves en inglés: “Ankyloglossia”, “Tongue Tie”, “Lingual Frenulum”, “Lingual Frenum”, “Surgical Procedures”, “Frenuloplasty”, “Lingual Frenulectomy”, “Speech Therapy” y “Myofunctional Therapy”. Se seleccionaron artículos originales relacionados al tema, y fue creado un protocolo específico para la extracción de los datos. Fueron encontrados 798 artículos. 39 se incluyeron luego de la lectura de los títulos y la eliminación de duplicados, 13 luego de lectura de los resúmenes y 7 luego de la revisión de los textos completos. Finalmente, tras un análisis de referencias cruzadas 10 estudios fueron incluidos en esta revisión. Se concluye la importancia del tratamiento fonoaudiológico en el abordaje multidisciplinario del frenillo lingual, abordando aspectos de movilidad lingual, habla y otras funciones orofaciales alteradas luego del procedimiento quirúrgico.
Vinculación de políticas para niños/as con discapacidad auditiva: Percepciones en País Vasco de España y Chile.
Authors: Bustos Rubilar Mario Andres , Junge Cerda Patricia , Celedón Hidalgo Natalia
Published: January 2022

La vinculación de políticas públicas y el trabajo intersectorial entre salud, educación y servicios sociales ha cobrado relevancia en el abordaje temprano y biopsicosocial en personas con discapacidad. En el campo de la discapacidad auditiva infantil, existirían controversias en dicha vinculación debido a las discrepancias existentes entre los enfoques clínico y sociocultural, referentes incluso a las modalidades de acceso al lenguaje para esta población. Este estudio de tipo cualitativo analiza entrevistas semi-estructuradas buscando describir las percepciones de diferentes actores en País Vasco de España y Región Metropolitana de Chile. Fueron analizados 565 minutos de entrevistas de 27 participantes, a partir de 3 categorías emergentes: políticas y áreas existentes, intersectorialidad entre áreas, y servicio ofrecido por áreas. Los resultados muestran una percepción positiva sobre la vinculación política y trabajo intersectorial, pero persiste la preferencia del modelo biomédico y enfoque clínico de la discapacidad por sobre el modelo biopsicosocial y el desarrollo del enfoque sociocultural. Esto ocurriría toda vez que el éxito se asocia al desarrollo normal a través de la adquisición de la lengua oral por sobre la diversidad de otras intervenciones en esta población. Las percepciones de los profesionales de las áreas estudiadas difieren en torno a los logros considerados como indicadores de éxito. Un centro coordinador de políticas y trabajo intersectorial, junto con la determinación de momentos de mayor relevancia de cada área en el proceso de atención podrían beneficiar el trabajo hacia este grupo.
Biofeedback electromiográfico y electroglotográfico aplicado a la terapia vocal: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Abril-Rodríguez Sofía , Herrero Ricard
Published: January 2022

La electromiografía y electroglotografía son técnicas de exploración que, combinadas con el biofeedback, permiten en el emisor ajustes musculares para la mejora de la función fonatoria. Nos proponemos, pues, determinar los efectos del biofeedback electromiográfico para aumentar o disminuir el tono en los músculos que intervienen de manera indirecta o directa en la producción de la voz, identificar los efectos del biofeedback electroglográfico para producir cambios en el patrón vibratorio de los pliegues vocales y, finalmente, determinar la frecuencia del biofeedback en el tratamiento vocal, a partir de una revisión sistemática de los trabajos publicados desde el año 2000 en revistas logopédicas y laringológicas. El análisis de los estudios obtenidos en el proceso de documentación sugiere que el uso del biofeedback electromiográfico y electroglotográfico puede producir cambios perdurables en el tiempo sobre el patrón vibratorio de los pliegues vocales y en la actividad muscular de la producción vocal, de manera que podría ser un instrumento útil añadido a la intervención vocal basadaen la evidencia. Los datos relativos a la frecuencia de uso necesaria de este instrumento, sin embargo, no parecen concluyentes.
The Ideological Ranting in the Debut Novels of the Contemporary Pakistani Writers
Authors: Nadeem Mariam , Saeed Sohail Ahmad
Published: January 2022

People believe that ideologies work for their betterment by showing them a path of prosperity. However, they fail to understand the consequences of blindly following a specific ideology. In their debut novels, the contemporary writers of Pakistan depict the working of one of these ideologies: religion. The present study aims to analyze the projection and exploitation of power in the name of religion: how people suffer for the sake of faith, and the manipulation that follows it in these selected novels: The Prisoner, A Case of Exploding Mangoes, How it Happened, and Agency Rules. The study also highlights the link between religious ideology and the conditioning of the minds of people. The analysis takes place in the light of Marxist theory. The study discovers the role of religious ideology in overpowering helpless people with the belief that following a certain path will reward them in life after death.
Development of microcontroller-based data logger for real-time monitoring of drying and storage of food grains
Authors: Aradwad Pramod P
Published: January 2022

Food grains are harvested at higher moisture content to avoid losses during harvesting. Temperature and relative humidity are the key control factors of drying and storage operations for maintaining and enhancing the quality of food. Real-time monitoring and management of these parameters improve the level of post-harvest processing and reduce losses. An effort has been made to develop a data logger for real-time monitoring of the drying and storage environment. It consists of different modules such as precision integrated temperature and relative humidity sensor DHT22, LCD, SD Card, motor control driver, and RTC 3231 for real-time monitoring and data recording of temperature and humidity. An open-source-based software program was developed to integrate all modules in one platform to operate sequentially. Developed data logger tested in a 0.5-tonne grain storage structure and 100 kg capacity solar-powered air-inflated dryer. The temperature of drying air ranged between 29.8 and 38.2°C compared to ambient air temperature ranging from 25.7 and 34°C. Moisture reduction from 22% to 14% (w.b.) was completed in 7.5-9 hours in the developed dryer compared to 11-12.8 hours in sun drying. Variation of temperature and humidity inside double-wall insulated silo is less as compared to the single wall and triple-layer plastic storage structure. The salient features of this developed system are costefficient, portable, robust, and fast use and perform satisfactorily under different conditions.
Effect of parboiling on cooking characteristics of finger millet and foxtail millet
Authors: Visvanathan R.
Published: January 2022

Experiments on parboiling of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica) were conducted by soaking at 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70°C and steaming for 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min. The parboiled millet grains were shade dried and pearled in a laboratory scale pearler-polisher. The cooking characteristics of these parboiled millet grains were assessed in terms of cooking time, water uptake, swelling index and expansion ratio. In the case of finger millet, the cooking time, water uptake, swelling index and expansion ratio ranged 8-13 min, 1.6-3.7 g/g, 0.98-2.27 and 1.26-1.69, respectively. For foxtail millet these quality parameters ranged 9-13 min, 2.5-4 g/g, 1.32-2.75 and 1.45-2.4, respectively. Soaking at 70 and 60°C and steaming for 20 and 10 min, respectively for finger millet and foxtail millet resulted in better cooking characteristics, viz., water uptake, swelling index and expansion ratio, and lower cooking time.
An Enhanced Islamic Index of Well-Being (IWI 2.0-2021) for Muslim Countries
Authors: Batchelor Daud
Published: January 2022

This is a revised version of an assessment of the Islamic Well-Being Index (IWI) of Muslim majority countries, first published by this author in 2013 (IWI 1.0). It uses an improved, updated methodology and reflects the essential maqasid al-shari‘ah (Higher Objectives of Islamic Law) developed by Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali. The IWI provides practical insights for countries that aspire to move to a higher state. Leading countries in the maqasid fields could serve as role models for lagging counties. More specifically, IWI indicators provide a way to spot problems, set targets, track trends, and identify best practice policies. This 2021 assessment adds four more countries to the 27 ranked previously. The method incorporates insights from leading Islamic scholars who have developed a ‘maqasid index of governance’ for Muslim countries. The top three countries listed in the Index are (first to third): Indonesia, Tunisia and Malaysia. Indonesia, the world’s largest Muslim country with a successful democracy, experienced an Islamic resurgence, which is reflected in its citizens’ moderate values and practices. Leading countries within the maqasid fields are (first, second): Religion – Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria; Life – UAE, Brunei; Intellect - Albania, Kyrgyzstan; Family – Morocco, Tunisia; and Wealth – Malaysia, UAE. Countries showing greatest improvement in IWI rankings are Lebanon and Turkey. Those that significantly worsened are Afghanistan, Nigeria, Chad and Iraq. To expand the applicability of this index, governments in Muslim majority countries need to facilitate assessment. In particular, religiosity surveys should be expanded and periodic surveys are required to fill other data gaps. The IWI  Index and its highlights should be prepared and published annually.
Veiling and Muslim Women in African History since the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Habibat Oladosu-Uthman  , Oladejo Mutiat Titilope
Published: January 2022

In Africa, the culture of veiling by Muslim women is profound. While Muslim societies vary across Africa, several forms of textile and art feature in the use of veil. It is particularly important to state that veiling is historical as it had been embedded as a Muslim culture since the evolution and spread of Islam in Africa. It is also true that the Islamic integration of African cultures is very much alive and visible. The story of veiling became prominent and was influenced by Ottoman rule and cross-cultural intergroup relations through the Trans Saharan trade routes. This paper focuses on the history of veil as a spiritual, artistic, political and economic factors in the identity making of Muslim women in Africa. The historical method is adopted to interrogate the complexities associated with veiling as a Muslim culture using photographic representations, books and journals. Photographic representations of women’s dress in the Ottoman empire gives way to understand how the dress styles diffuse into African societies.