bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SENYAWA FLAVONOID PADA KULIT BATANG TUMBUHAN GAYAM (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb.)
Authors: Hany Anastasia Made , Rahayu Santi Sri , Manurung Manuntun
Published: May 2020

Gayam (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb) is a tropical plant whose stem bark has been used as traditional medicine. This research aims to identify the flavonoides isolate from stem bark of gayam and identify the class of flavonoids compound as antioxidant. Extraction of 1000 g stem bark powder with 8500 mL of 96 % ethanol to yield 30 g concentrated ethanol extract. Partition of 15 g extract ethanol-water (7:3) with chloroform and n-buthanol to yield 1,5 g concentrated chloroform extract, 5,87 g concentrated n-buthanol extract and 5,63 g concentrated water extract. The flavonoids test using Wilstatter and Bate-Smith Matcalf reagent showed that n-buthanol and water extract contain flavonoids compounds. Antioxidant activity of flavonoids tested with DPPH method and lipid peroxide ammonium thiocyanate method showed that n-buthanol extract had antioxidant activity with IC50 of 24 ppm and n-buthanol extract has ability to inhibit the formation of lipid peroxide with inhibition value of 63,04 %. Separation of n-buthanol extract using thin layer chromatography preparative with chloroform as mobile phase and silica gel GF254 as stationary phase obtained four fractions. Flavonoids test showed that fraction F3 contained flavonoids compounds. FTIR analysis indicated that isolate had functional groups such as  -OH , C=O, C-O alcohol, C=C aromatic, C-H aromatic and C-H aliphatic. UV-vis spectra showed 2 peaks at ? 310 nm  and  261 nm which indicated flavonoids group of  isolfavone with hydroxyl groups at C-5 and  C-7. Antioxidant activity test with DPPH method showed that the isolate had antioxidant activity with IC50 of 1 ppm.
KANDUNGAN LOGAM Pb DAN Cu DALAM BUAH STROBERI SERTA SPESIASI DAN BIOAVAILABILITASNYA DALAM TANAH TEMPAT TUMBUH STROBERI DI DAERAH BEDUGUL
Authors: Wisnawa Putu Desitha Pratiti Kameswari , Siaka I Made , Bawa Putra Anak Agung
Published: May 2020

A study about speciation and bioavailability of heavy metals Pb and Cu in strawberry fruits and in the strawberry soils in Bedugul areas has been carried out. This study was aimed to determine the concentrations of Pb and Cu in the fruits and the soils, as well as speciation and bioavailabilities of both metals in the soils. Wet digestion method with reverse aqua regia was applied for determining the total metals, while sequential extraction method was performed to fractionate the metals bound to the various phases of the soils. The measurement of both metals was carried out by the use of AAS (Shimadzu, AA-7000). The total Pb and Cu contents in the fruits were 2.5903-9.2019 and 0.8744-1.1567 mg/kg, respectively while in the soils were 20,7912 -39.0144 and 39.3154-42,6620 mg/kg, respectively.  In the speciation of both metals in soils, it was found that Pb and Cu associated with EFLE phases were 3.4944 and 1.2454 mg/kg, respectively, while those bound to Fe/Mn Oxides phases were 5.6652 and 3.1860 mg/kg, respectively. The Pb and Cu bound to organic/sulfide phases were 7.9553 and 5.5913 mg/kg, respectively and those bound to resistant phases were 13.4471 and 31.0796 mg/kg, respectively. Bioavailabilities of Pb and Cu in the soils were dominated by non bioavailable fractions, i.e. 43.69 and 76.11%, respectively, followed by the fractions of potentially bioavailable, and the lowest fractions were found as readily bioavailable.
KARAKTERISASI KATALIS BATU PADAS LEDGESTONE TERAKTIVASI ASAM DAN APLIKASINYA PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH
Authors: Juliana Ika , Widihati Ida Ayu Gede , Ratnayani Oka
Published: May 2020

This research aims to improve characteristics of ledgestone catalyst by using acid activation with various concentrations. The acid used for activation was H2SO4 with concentrations of 1, 2 and 3M. The characterization of catalysts was carried out by acid-base titration method to determine the surface acidity, methylene blue adsorption to measure the spesific surface area of ??the catalyst, and the NH4OAc extraction method to measure the value of cation exchange capacity of the catalyst. Ledgestone catalyst with the best character was applied to convert waste cooking oil into biodiesel. The characterization of biodiesel was carried out by densitometry to determine the density of biodiesel, Oswald viskosimetry to measure the viscosity, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) to determine the composition of chemical compounds of the biodiesel. The results showed that the concentration of acid used to activate ledgestone catalyst with the best character was 1M. This acid-activated ledgestone (catalyst A1) had a value of surface acidity, surface area, active sites number, and high cation exchange capacity were 0.3530 ± 0.0011 mmol / gram and35.7581 m2/gram, 2.1258 x 1020 atoms/gram, and 5.88 me/100 g, respectively. The concentration of catalyst A1 producing the highest biodiesel yield was 1% w/v. The produced biodiesel was 74,71% with 0.02% FFA, acid value of 0.0438 mg KOH/gram biodiesel, density of 0.7850 g/mL, kinematic viscosity of 0.4650 cSt. Two major compounds of the biodiesel were methyl hexadecanoate with area of 71.84% and cis methyl-9-octadecenoate with area of 28.16%.
ALTERNATIF PENGGUNAAN SILIKA BENTONIT SEBAGAI PENGGANTI FENOL-KLOROFORM-ISOAMIL ALKOHOL DALAM EKSTRAKSI DNA SECARA LANGSUNG DARI TANAH HUTAN MANGROVE
Authors: Qamariya Khisan , Sulihingtyas Wahyu Dwijani , Wirajana I Nengah
Published: May 2020

Research on comparing the metagenomic DNA extraction from mangrove forest soil with phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol and with silica bentonite was conducted. The purpose of this study was to find the differences in quality and quantity of metagenomic DNA extracted. The silica bentonite was compared to meet the Green Chemistry concept. The metagenomic DNA from these extractions were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of electrophoresis showed that metagenomic DNA extracted with silica bentonite were relatively higher in concentration than with phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol; but integrity of their DNA were the same. The results of UV-Vis spectrophotometry analysis showed that A260/230 ratio of the phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol extract had higher relative purity level to humic acid. The A260/280 ratio of the final elution of the silica bentonite extraction showed the highest relative purity level to protein.
PENGARUH RASIO MOLAR MINYAK JELANTAH DENGAN METANOL DAN SUHU REAKSI DALAM REAKSI TRANSESTERFKASI TERKATALIS CaO/ZEOLIT ALAM TERHADAP YIELD BIODIESEL
Authors: Malia Ana , Suarya Putu , Raka Astiti Asih Ida Ayu , Wisnu Adhi Putra I Made
Published: May 2020

The research of transesterification reaction catalyzed by CaO/natural zeolite has been carried out. This work was aimed to obtain the high yield of biodiesel. The supporting process of CaO on natural zeolite (CaO/ZAA) was done by using wet impregnation method and characterization of CaO/ZAA was performed using XRD, FTIR and the determination of specific surface area of natural zeolite as CaO supporter was performed by BET method. This research aims to study the influence of transesterification reaction which was executed by varying molar ratio of oil to methanol and reaction temperature. Analysis of functional groups and minerals using FTIR and XRD, respectively, showed no significant changes before and after the impregnation of CaO on natural zeolites. CaO supported on natural zeolite was undetected by FTIR. Instead, it was detected by the vibration of carbonate groups as the result of the CO2 absorption by CaO and the result of surface area analysis using BET method showed that the greater the size of natural zeolite, the smaller the specific surface area of catalyst. The result analysis using BET method showed that the spesific surface area of 200 mesh sized natural zeolite as CaO supporter was 9.993 m2/g. The simple gravimetric test revealed that  the amount of CaO supported on 200 mesh sized natural zeolite was 0.2155 g/g. It was concluded that CaO/ZAA 200 mesh was the most suitable catalyst which was then used in the production of biodiesel. The transesterification result showed that the highest biodiesel yield of 98.34% was gained at molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:15 and at the temperature of 60 oC. The GC-MS analysis indicated that the main components of the biodiesel were methyl palmitate and methyl oleate.
ANALISIS ASAM AMINO PENSTIMULASI SEKRESI INSULIN DALAM BIJI KECIPIR, BIJI ASAM, DAN BIJI KELOR DENGAN HPLC
Authors: Rizkiyanti Dita , Suaniti Ni Made , Ratnayani Ketut
Published: May 2020

Seeds are a source of high protein when compared with other parts of the plant. Compared to soy bean, the use of winged bean seeds, tamarind seeds, moringa seeds as protein sources are still very limited. Protein composed of several amino acids bond together to form a polypeptide. Some amino acids have been investigated to act as stimulating insulin secretion, namely, arginine, alanine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and lysine. The aim of this study was to determine the potential content of amino acids stimulating the secretion of insulin in winged bean seeds, tamarind seeds, and moringa seeds. Based on the total content of amino acids in each seeds, the results showed that moringa seeds have the highest levels of total amino acids stimulating insulin secretion (16.4%), followed by winged bean seeds (16.2%), and tamarind seeds (12.1%). But if seen by the levels of each amino acid, the winged bean seeds on average had the highest amino acid content. The highest levels of arginine, alanine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and leucine were found in winged bean seeds, while only one specific amino acid i.e. lysine was found to be the highest level on moringa seeds. It can be concluded that the most potential seeds as a source of amino acids stimulating insulin was the winged bean seeds, that will be useful in the prevention or treatment of diabetes mellitus.
PENENTUAN STATUS MUTU AIR TUKAD YEH POH DENGAN METODE STORET
Authors: Ari Esta Kadek , Suarya Putu , Adhi Suastuti Ni G. A. M. Dwi
Published: May 2020

This paper reports the examination of Tukad Yeh Poh river in terms of several parameters namely temperature, total suspended solids (TSS), electric conductivity, pH, dissolve oxygen demand (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate, Pb, Cu, fecal coliform and total coliform. Water sampling was done at three sampling stations, namely the upstream, midstream and downstream. The results of the water sample measurements were compared to the environmental quality standards and standard criteria of environmental damage by Bali Governor Regulation No. 8 in 2007. The results showed the presence of some parameters whose values exceeded the threshold of class II water quality standard. Those parameters were TSS, BOD, COD, phosphate, Pb, and Cu. The STORET assessment results of Tukad Yeh Poh upstream has a total score of -27 that was categorized as being polluted, while in the middle and downstream, -37 and -49 respectively, which were categorized as heavily polluted.
SINTESIS SENYAWA KALKON SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN
Authors: Suirta I Wayan
Published: May 2020

Synthesis chalcone compound by reaction between acetofenone and benzaldehyde using natrium hydroxide as catalyst with distil water or ethanol as solvent has been done. The yield was determined using antioxidant activity test with DPPH and GC-MS. The result of synthesis was pale yellow crystal with melting point of 55-570C. The synthesis in distil water yielded 84,98 %, and the formation of crystal was about 1 hour. The synthesis in ethanol resulted 87,68% yield, with the formation of crystal about 15 minutes. The product showed weak antioxidant activity with reduction percentage averaged at 50%. The GC-MS showed the presence of chalcone compound with sufficiently high purity.
TEKNIK VOLTAMETRI PELUCUTAN ANODIK UNTUK PENENTUAN KADAR LOGAM Cu(II) PADA AIR LAUT PELABUHAN BENOA
Authors: Irdhawati Irdhawati , Sahara Emmy , Hermawan I Wayan
Published: May 2020

In this research, determination of Cu(II) using anodic stripping voltammetry were conducted by measuring the current peak of Cu(II) standard solution and the concentration of the metals in the seawater around Benoa Port. Deposition time and scan rate was optimized before validation. Parameters of the method validation examined were linear range concentration, limit of detection, repeatability, and % recovery. Seawater samples were collected from two different locations, which were Dermaga Ikan Tuna and Dermaga 2. The result showed the optimum deposition time and scan rate were 540 s and 7 mV/s. Linear range concentrations were 50 to 1000 ppb with correlation coefficient of 0,9998 and the detection limit of 29 ppb. Horwitz Ratio (HorRat) factor was obtained less than 2 for repeatability measurement and percent recovery was 100.58%. The concentration of Cu(II) was found to be 188 ppb in Dermaga Ikan Tuna and 117 ppb in Dermaga 2. The concentration of Cu(II) in the seawater around Benoa Port was higher than the treshold according to Ministry of  Environment Regulation No. 51/2004 for Seawater Quality Standard.
SINTESIS KOMPOSIT SELULOSA SERBUK GERGAJI KAYU KAMPER-LIMBAH PLASTIK LDPE (LOW DENSITY POLIETHYLENE) DENGAN REAGEN FENTON SEBAGAI AGEN PENGKOPLING
Authors: Nurwendi Hudi , Simpen I Nengah , Sutha Negara I Made
Published: May 2020

This research was on the synthesis of cellulose composites from camphor wood sawdust with LDPE waste (cellulose-LDPE) and Fenton reagent (H2O2/Fe2+) as the coupling agent. This study was divided into three steps: preparation, variation of LDPE composition and H2O2 concentration, and characterization. Preparation was done with cellulose extraction of sawdust and LDPE plastic waste purification. Variation was performed to determine the effect of compositions of LDPE on composites celullose-LDPE and H2O2 concentration on Fenton reagent. Characterization was done by testing the physical properties and functional groups using FTIR analysis. The best values of the physical property were obtained from cellulose-LDPE composition ratio of 1:5 on 1.5% H2O2. These were MOE (Modulus of Elasticity) of 12.71 MPa, MOR (Modulus of Rupture) of 200.24 MPa and density of 0.7936 g/cm. FTIR analysis showed the higher the composition of LDPE, the higher the wavenumber for OH and the increase of H2O2 concentration increased the C-H wavenumber functional groups.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA SITOTOKSIK DAUN NAGASARI (Calophyllum nagassarium Burm.f.) TERHADAP LARVA Artemia salina Leach
Authors: Pramana Eka Putra I Wayan , Rahayu Santi Sri , Rustini Ni Luh
Published: May 2020

Calophyllum nagassarium Burm.f. or nagasari is a kind of plant that often be used as medical plant such as for antiseptic, laxative, blood purifier, helminthic, and tonic. This study aimed to isolate and identify cytotoxic compounds of nagasari leaves by extracting 1000 g of leaf powder with 10 L of 96% ethanol  (5L x 2) to produce 66.81 g of ethanol extract (LC50 = 19.06 ppm). Fractionation of the ethanol-water extract (7: 3) in a row with 300 mL of n-hexane, chloroform 400 mL, 400 mL of n-butanol, and water and toxicity tests against larvae of Artemia salina Leach generate 2.52 g of n-hexane extracts (LC50 = 275.42 ppm), 7.06 g chloroform extract (LC50 = 63.10 ppm), 9.54 g of n-butanol extract (LC50 = 27.54 ppm) and 25.38 g aqueous extract (LC50 = 478 , 63 ppm). N-buthanol extract which was the most toxic was then separated, purified and identified. The separation of 2.0 g of n-butanol extract using column chromatography techniques with silica gel 60 as the stationary phase and chloroform- n-butanol (5: 3) as the mobile phase resulted in 5 fractions (F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5). Fraction F1 which was the most toxic (LC50 = 91.20 ppm) was then separated by preparative Thin Layer Chromatography and resulted two fractions (FA and FB). Fraction FB was the most toxic with LC50 = 83.18 ppm. UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometric analysis of FB identified a compound suspected to be terpenoides that has the characteristics of functional groups such as O-H, O = C-OH, aliphatic C-H.
PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH BUNCIS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) UNTUK MENURUNKAN KOLESTEROL TOTAL, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) DAN MENINGKATKAN High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) PADA TIKUS WISTAR DIET TINGGI LEMAK
Authors: Wahjuni Sri , Rustini Ni Luh , Yuliantari Putu
Published: May 2020

Excessive fat consumption can increase blood cholesterol level. Phytosterol composition in the plant can decrease blood cholesterol level. One of the plants that contain phytosterol is beans. This study was to prove the effect of antihypercholesterol the ethanol extract of the beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with variety of doses of 50 mg/Kg BW; 100 mg/Kg BW and 150 mg/Kg BW in male Wistar rats with high fat level condition. Subjects of this study were 24 Wistar rats divided into 6 groups randomly with posttest control group study design. First group as negative control, second group as positive control, and the third (high cholesterol diet and ethanol extract in dose of 50 mg/kg,bw), fourth ( high cholesterol diet and ethanol extractin dose of 100 mg/kg,bw), fifth ( high cholesterol diet and ethanol extract in dose of 150 mg/kg,bw),  sixth (high cholesterol diet and simvastatin drug). The data was analyzed with ANOVA Tukey test. The result of this study shows total cholesterol levels decrease 23,88%; 30,14%; 35,82%. Cholesterol LDL levels decrease 38,09%; 52,38%; 61,35%. Cholesterol HDL levels increase 21,86%; 56,56%; 63,84%. Dose variant on this study giving the best result to decrease total cholesterol levels and LDL was 150 mg/Kg BW. Furthermore, 100 mg/Kg BW dose gave the best result to increase HDL cholesterol level. Based on the results it can be suggested that beans ethanol extract is able to decrease total cholesterol level, LDL and increase HDL cholesterol levels.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN KAFEIN PADA KOPI DI DESA SESAOT NARMADA MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Fahmi Arwangga Aryanu , Raka Astiti Asih Ida Ayu , Sudiarta I Wayan
Published: May 2020

Coffee is one of the agriculture commodities that are cultivated by farmers. One of the compounds in the coffee is caffeine. Caffeine is one of alkaloids which contains in coffee bean. The purpose of this study was to determine the contents of caffeine in unripe coffee, pure coffee powder, and mix coffee powder by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Standard solutions of caffeine used were 1 ppm; 3 ppm; 6 ppm; 9 ppm; 12 ppm; and 15 ppm. Caffeine calibration curve equation was y = 0.0494x ??+ 0.01862 with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.99714. Caffeine content in unripe coffee was 1,28±0,82 % with water content 3%, pure coffee powder 1,63±0,13 % with water content 1%, and mix coffee powder 0,87±0,01 % with water content 1%. According to SNI 01-7152-2006 maximum limit of caffeine in food and drink was 150 mg/day and 50 mg/dish.
KAJIAN PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI ASAM SITRAT TERHADAP KEKUATAN GEL PRODUK GELATIN KULIT AYAM BROILER DIKAITKAN DENGAN POLA PROTEINNYA
Authors: Hardikawati Tutut , Puspawati Ni Made , Ratnayani Ketut
Published: May 2020

Gelatin is a biopolymer that can be generated from partially hydrolysis of collagen tissue. Extraction of gelatin consists of pretreatment and thermal extraction steps. Pretreatment process used sodium hydroxide to remove non collagen protein in matrix sample, sulfuric acid to demineralize, and citric acid to hydrolyse. The aim of this research was to study the effect of variation in concentrations of citric acid used in hydrolysis process on the gel strength and protein profile of gelatin products extracted from broiler chicken skin.  The variation of the concentration citric acid used was 0.7 % (GA); 1.5% (GB); and 3.0% b/v (GC) respectively. The gel strength was measured using CT3 Texture Analyzer and protein profile of gelatin product was analyzed by SDS-PAGE method. The result showed that variation in concentration of citric acid used in the pretreatment process affected the gel strength and protein profile of gelatin product. Increasing the concentration of citric acid used in pretreatment process decreased the gel strength and molecular weight of gelatin product. Gel strength of each gelatin product was 265.81 g bloom for GA ; 196.05 g bloom for GB (1.5%), and 35.32 g bloom for GC (3.0 %) respectively. The electropherogram of both GA (0.7%) and GB (1.5%) revealed similar pattern of protein bands but the thickness of each bands was different.  On the other hands, GC (3.0%) did not show any protein bands on the eletropherogram. The best gelatin product obtained in this experiment was found by using 0.7 % b/v citric acid (GA) in the pretreatment process. The gelatin product (GA) had characteristics as follows: yield 15.73%; moisture 7.30%; ash 0.51%; protein content 97.95%; fat content 0.62%; gel strength 265. 81 g bloom and thicker protein bands than others.
ADSORPSI DAN DESORPSI Cr(VI) PADA ADSORBEN BATU CADAS KARANGASEM HASIL LIMBAH KERAJINAN CANDI BALI TERAKTIVASI NaOH DAN TERSALUT Fe(OH)3
Authors: Dupi Andika I Made , Simpen I Nengah , Dharma Putra Ketut Gede
Published: May 2020

This research discusses the adsorption-desorption of Cr(VI) by the adsorbent made from Karangasem cadas rock which is the waste of Balinese temple production. The adsorbent was activated with  NaOH and coated with Fe(OH)3. The aim of the study was to investigate the capability of cadas rock in Cr6+ adsorption. The rock was activated with various concentrations of NaOH followed by coating process with Fe(OH)3. Each adsorbent was characterized for its specific surface area and surface acidity. The equilibrium time, adsorption isotherms and adsorption capacity were also investigated. The adsorbent with the highest adsorption capacity was then desorbed using HNO3 2 mol/L, NaOH 1 mol/L, and saturated NH4Cl. The result suggested that the highest surface acidity was showed by the control adsorbent which was 0.2836 ± 0.0106 mmol/g with an acid site of 1.7079 x 1020 atoms/g. The highest spesific surface area was showed by the adsorbent activated with 6M NaOH  and coated with Fe(OH)3, which was 34.5042 m2/g. The highest adsorption capacity was showed by the same adsorbent, which was 2.5253 mg/g with interaction time of 15 minutes at pH 5. This met the pattern of Langmuir adsorption isotherm. HNO3 was the most effective desorption substance resulted in a percentage of Cr desorbed of 2,15%.
FOTODEGRADASI ZAT WARNA TEKSTIL METHYLENE BLUE DAN CONGO RED MENGGUNAKAN KOMPOSIT ZnO-AA DAN SINAR UV
Authors: Diantariani Ni Putu , Suprihatin Iryanti Eka , Widihati Ida Ayu Gede
Published: May 2020

Research on  photodegradation of textile dyes  of methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR) using ZnO-Activated Carbon composite and ultraviolet (UV) light has been done. This research included synthesis zinc oxide (ZnO), synthesis ZnO-Activated Carbon, and the application of composite to degrade textile dyes of MB and CR. In this research studied the effect of pH, concentration and time of UV radiation  towards photodegradation percentages  of dyes. Then it determined the rate and the effectivity of photodegradation of MB and CR dyes using ZnO-Activated Carbon composite. The result showed that  photodegradation of MB reach optimal condition at pH 11 with radiation time 4 hour, whereas CR is at pH 5 with the same radiation time. The more initial concentration of MB and CR applicated, the lower of photodegradation percentages. Constanta of photodegradation rate of MB and CR dyes using ZnO-Activated Carbon composite are 0.8316 and 1.4938 hour-1 respectively. ZnO-Activated Carbon composite as a photocatalyst can degrade effectively MB and CR dyes with photodegradation percentages of 99.40±0.23 % and 99.61±0.24% respectively.
IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS SENYAWA FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK DAUN TREMBESI (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Escherichia coli
Authors: Pater Suteja I Kadek , Susanah Rita Wiwik , Gunawan I Wayan Gede
Published: May 2020

Identification of flavonoid from the leaves of rain tree (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) and its antibacterial activity test against Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been performed. This research aims to determine the type of flavonoid in rain tree leaves and its antibacterial activity against E. coli. Extraction was done by maceration and partition methods, separation was achieved by column chromatography, antibacterial activity was tested by disk diffussion method, and the identification was done by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and Infrared spectrophotometry. Extraction of 1 kg of rain tree powder with 5 L ethanol produced 73.38 g of concentrated ethanol extract. The partition process produced 26,34 g of n-hexane, 8,12 g of ethylacetate, 19,37 g n-butanol, and 12,56 g of water extracts. Phytochemical test of the extracts showed that the n-butanol extract contained flavonoids. Antibacterial activity of n-butanol extract towards E.coli showed a medium activity with a diameter inhibition of 6.3 mm. MIC value ??was 2% (w/v) with a diameter inhibition of 1 mm. Separation using column chromatography with the eluent of n-butanol: methanol: chloroform (5: 3: 2) obtained four isolates but only one isolate (isolate B with Rf 0.58) which contained flavonoids. Analysis with infrared spectroscopy showed that the isolate B contained functional groups of OH, C-OH, aliphatic CH, C = O ketones, C = C aromatic, COC ether, and aromatic CH. Analysis with UV-Vis spectrophotometer indicated that isolate B is isoflavon compound with a hydroxy groups at C-5 and C-7. The isolate was relatively pure by TLC. The isolate showed a low antibacterial activity.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA MINYAK ATSIRI DARI TUMBUHAN SEMBUKAN (Paederia foetida L.) DENGAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI GAS-SPEKTROSKOPI MASSA (GC-MS)
Authors: Yuda Pratama Dewa Gde Agung , Bawa I Gusti Agung Gede , Gunawan I Wayan Gede
Published: May 2020

Sembukan is a wild plant that is often attached to the house fenced and has a lot of chemicals compound, including essential oil. This study aims to determine the active compounds as antibacterial of sembukan essential oil. One point four mililitres of essential oil was obtained by steam distillation. The essential oils were then tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Stapylococcus aureus using the well diffusion method in gel. Identification of the essential oils conducted using Chromatography Gas – Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results of this study indicated that the essential oils did not have specific antibacterial activity against the bacteria tested. Compounds contained in the essential oils of sembukan were hydrogenated Linalool, Eugenol, Tetradecane, Heksadecane, and Dibutyl phthalate.
PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI KUPASAN KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI
Authors: Hasianna Purba Devi Esteria , Suprihatin Iryanti Eka , Laksmiwati A.A.I.A. Mayun
Published: May 2020

Ethanol fermented from potato peels is proposed as one alternative source of renewable energy called bioethanol. In this research bioethanol was produced through four stages namely acid hydrolysis, detoxification, fermentation and distillation. The acid hydrolysis process was carried out using sulphuric acid at 100oC for 60 minutes. The detoxification process was carried out by adding NH4OH into the hydrolyzate prior to fermentation. Distillation was performed up to 100oC and the distillate with the BP of 78-84oC was determined for its ethanol content using gas chromatography. The ethanol produced from 5 grams of dried potato peels through fermentation for 4, 5, 6, and 7 days 3.54%; 4,85%; 5,35%; and 6.15% respectively.
ISOLASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SENYAWA FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU BIJI PUTIH (Psidium guajava Linn)
Authors: Maulana Egi Azikin , Astiti Asih I. A. R. , Arsa Made
Published: May 2020

Antioxidant is molecules that can inhibit the activity of free radical. White guava (Psidium guajava Linn) is one of many plants that have potential as antioxidant. This research was aimed to identify the flavonoid compounds and to determine IC50 values in the white guava leaf extract. Extraction was done by maceration method. The separation and purification was done by TLC and coloumn chromatography method. Flavonoid compound was identified using FTIR and UV-Vis spectrofotometry and antioxidant activity was tested with DPPH method. A 1000 grams of white guava leaf powder was extracted by n-hexane produced 103,40 grams of concentrated n-hexane extract and extraction procces by ethanol 70 % produced 128,49 grams of concetrated etanol extract. Eighty grams of ethanol extract partition produced 1.01 grams of n-hexane extract, 1.95 grams of chloroform extract, and 3.77 grams of n-butanol extract. The results of phytochemical test indicated that n-butanol extract positively contained flavonoids. The results of antioxidant activity towards DPPH from n-butanol extract showed IC50 of 37,14 ppm. The separation and purification n-butanol extract with n-hexane : ethyl acetate : n-butanol (8:2:1) as the eluent resulted 5 fractions (A, B, C, D, E), with C fraction positively contained flavonoids. FTIR analysis showed C isolates contained functional groups of CH aliphatic, CH aromatic, C = C aromatic, C = O, OH, and C - O. C fraction was analyzed with UV-Vis showing 2 peaks at ? 347.30 nm (band I) and ? 278.50 nm (band II) suggesting the presence of flavones group with possibility of OH groups attached to C-3, C-2’ atoms, ortho-dihydroxy groups attached to C-5', C- 6; C-4', C-5', and O-glycoside group at C-7 atom.
ANALISIS LOGAM SENG (Zn), BESI (Fe) DAN TEMBAGA (Cu) PADA SUSU FORMULA DENGAN METODE DESTRUKSI KERING DAN BASAH SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM
Authors: Manurung Manuntun , Suaniti Ni Made , Capayanti Wira Adi
Published: May 2020

Analisis kandungan logam Zn, Fe, dan Cu dalam susu formula dengan metode destruksi kering dan basah telah dilakukan. Konsentrasi logam dalam susu ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom menggunakan kurva kalibrasi. Persentase perolehan kembali dari metode kurva kalibrasi terhadap ketiga logam menunjukkan hasil yang baik, masing-masing 95,13% untuk Zn; 100,83% untuk Fe dan 99,39% untuk Cu. Konsentrasi logam Zn, Fe, dan Cu dalam susu formula A, B, dan C dengan metode destruksi kering dan basah berturut-turut; sampel A yaitu 79,14 mg/kg; 78,37 mg/kg; 3,40 mg/kg dan 80,98 mg/kg; 78,83 mg/kg; 1,92 mg/kg, sampel B yaitu 58,65 mg/kg; 94,01 mg/kg; 3,87 mg/kg dan 57,73 mg/kg; 89,09 mg/kg; 2,77 mg/kg, serta sampel C yaitu 45,41 mg/kg; 76,16 mg/kg; 2,96 mg/kg dan 38,62 mg/kg; 60,53 mg/kg; 2,92 mg/kg. Kandungan ketiga logam dalam susu formula tersebut masih pada rentang standar kesehatan makanan.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SERBUK KAYU MERBAU (Instia spp.) SEBAGAI PEWARNA KAIN KATUN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KAPUR SIRIH
Authors: Suirta I Wayan , Widihati Ida Ayu Gede , Hegara I Putu Eka Suwita
Published: May 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pemanfaatan limbah serbuk kayu merbau (Instia spp.)sebagai pewarna kain katun dengan penambahan mordan kapur sirih. Ekstraksi zat warna limbah serbuk kayu merbau dengan pelarut air perbandingan 1:20 (b/v) (10 gram sampel : 200 mL pelarut) menghasilkan ekstrak berwarna coklat kemerahan yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk mewarnai kain katun dengan variasi penambahan mordan kapur sirih sebanyak 2, 3, 5, 8, dan 12 gram. Ekstrak dapat mewarnai kain katun dengan warna yang bervariasi yakni coklat muda, coklat kemerahan, dan coklat tua. Penambahan mordan kapur sirih mampu membentuk ikatan yang kuat antara zat warna dengan serat pada kain katun serta dapat mempertajam warna pada kain yang dihasilkan. Uji ketahanan warna kain katun dilakukan dengan perendaman menggunakan air deterjen 1% yang dalam waktu 10 menit menunjukkan kain katun yang diwarnai tanpa penambahan mordan mudah luntur, sedangkan pewarnaan dengan penambahan kapur sirih tidak mudah luntur.
TOKSISITAS SENYAWA FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN DEWANDARU (Eugenia uniflora Linn.) SEBAGAI SKRINING AWAL ANTIKANKER
Authors: Swantara I Made Dira , Rita Wiwik Susanah , Suardhyana I Made Adi
Published: May 2020

Flavonoid merupakan senyawa yang dipercaya berpotensi sebagai antikanker. Salah satu tanaman yang mengandung flavonoid adalah tanaman Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora Linn.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi dan uji toksisitas senyawa flavonoid dari ekstrak etanol daun Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora Linn.) yang berpotensi sebagai antikanker. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan partisi menggunakan n-heksana, kloroform, dan etil asetat. Pemisahan fraksi kloroform dilakukan dengan kromatografi kolom silika gel menggunakan campuran pelarut kloroform : etil asetat (5:1) sebagai fase gerak. Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), dan identifikasi dilakukan dengan spektrofotometer IR serta UV-Vis. Ekstraksi 1000 g serbuk daun Dewandaru dengan 10 L etanol 70% menghasilkan 273 g ekstrak pekat etanol dan proses partisi berturut – turut menghasilkan 30,14 g ekstrak pekat air, 5,58 g ekstrak pekat n-heksana, 20,57 g ekstrak pekat kloroform, dan 22,45 g ekstrak pekat etil asetat. Uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa keempat ekstrak positif mengandung flavonoid, namun ekstrak kloroform memiliki efek toksik yang paling tinggi. Pemisahan dengan kromatografi kolom menghasilkan 3 kelompok fraksi (Fa, Fb, dan Fc). Fraksi Fc positif flavonoid dan relatif murni serta paling toksik terhadap larva udang Artemia salina Leach dengan LC50 sebesar 63,10 ppm, isolat selanjutnya diidentifikasi dengan spektrofotometer IR serta UV-Vis. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan isolat (Fc) merupakan senyawa golongan flavonoid jenis dihidroflavonol yang mempunyai gugus fungsi OH terikat, CH alifatik, C = O, C = C aromatik, C – O dan CH aromatik, serta terdapat gugus hidroksi pada atom C-3, C-5, dan C-7, serta mempunyai gugus orto dihidroksi pada cincin B dan memberikan serapan pada panjang gelombang (?max) 281,0 dan 315,0 nm.
DISTRIBUSI LOGAM BERAT Pb DAN Cu PADA AIR LAUT, SEDIMEN, DAN RUMPUT LAUT DI PERAIRAN PANTAI PANDAWA
Authors: Siaka I Made , Suastuti I Gusti Ayu Made Dwi Adhi , Mahendra I Putu Bagus
Published: May 2020

Penelitian mengenai distribusi logam berat Pb dan Cu dalam air laut, sedimen, dan rumput laut di perairan Pantai Pandawa telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan total logam berat Pb dan Cu serta distribusinya di perairan Pantai Pandawa. Preparasi pada sampel sedimen dan rumput laut menggunakan metode digesti dengan larutan reverse aqua regia dengan bantuan ultrasonic bath pada suhu 60oC selama 45 menit dan dipanaskan dengan hot plate pada suhu 140oC selama 45 menit. Analisis logam berat Pb dan Cu menggunakan spektrofotometri serapan atom. Hasil analisis terhadap logam berat Pb menunjukan distribusi logam berat Pb dalam air laut, sedimen, dan rumput laut dari masing-masing lokasi pengambilan sampel di perairan Pantai Pandawa berkisar antara 0,8479 sampai 1,9070 mg/L untuk air laut; 17,0833  sampai 76,25 mg/kg untuk sedimen; dan 13,2749 sampai 51,3252 mg/kg untuk rumput laut. Hasil analisis terhadap logam berat Cu menunjukan distribusi logam berat Cu dalam air laut, sedimen, dan rumput laut dari masing-masing lokasi pengambilan sampel di perairan Pantai Pandawa berkisar 0,0015 sampai 0,0054 mg/L untuk air laut; 0,6699 sampai 1,4554 mg/kg untuk sedimen; dan 0,0623  sampai 0,2233 mg/kg untuk rumput laut.  penyebaran dari logam berat Pb dan Cu di perairan Pantai Pandawa menujukan kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu lebih banyak berada pada sedimen dari pada air laut dan rumput laut. Logam berat Pb dan Cu cenderung terdistribusi lebih banyak pada lokasi yang memiliki intensitas aktivitas yang lebih banyak di perairan Pantai Pandawa.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA AKTIF ANTIJAMUR DARI DAUN MIMBA (Azadiractha indica A. Juss.) SEBAGAI PENGENDALI JAMUR Fusarium sp. PADA TANAMAN BUAH NAGA (Hylocereus sp.)
Authors: Wahjuni Sri , Puspawati Ni Made , Arista Ni Putu Rusma Eva
Published: May 2020

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi, identifikasi dan uji aktivitas antijamur dari ekstrak daun mimba (AzadirachtaIndica) terhadap jamur Fusarium sp. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minimum ekstrak mimba yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium sp. dan mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa aktifnya. Serbuk daun mimba sebanyak 1000 gram diekstraksi menggunakan etanol 70%. Kemudian ekstrak pekat etanol dipartisi dengan menggunakan n-heksana, kloroform dan etil asetat. Hasil skrining awal uji aktivitas antijamur yang dilakukan pengamatan selama tiga hari menunjukkan ekstrak kloroform memiliki aktivitas antijamur dengan daya hambat sebesar 1 mm. Ekstrak kloroform selanjutnya diuji aktivitas antijamur dengan varian konsentrasi. Pada konsentrasi 10 ppm dan 30 ppm tidak menunjukkan adanya daya hambat, sedangkan pada konsentrasi 50; 70; dan 100 ppm menunjukkan daya hambat berturut-turut yaitu 9,5;  9,75; dan 18,3 mm yang termasuk kategori sedang sampai kuat. Ekstrak kloroform selanjutnya dipisahkan dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan silika gel sebagai fase diam dan n-heksana : etil asetat : kloroform (1:1:1) sebagai fase gerak dan diperoleh 3 fraksi. Hasil uji kemurnian menunjukkan fraksi 3 dikatakan relatif murni secara KLT. Selanjutnya fraksi 3 diuji fitokimia dan  diidentifikasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan Inframerah. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan fraksi 3 merupakan senyawa terpenoid. Hasil analisis UV-Vis fraksi 3 memberikan serapan maksimum pada panjang gelombang 410,80 nm, 325,60 nm, dan 269,40 nm yang diduga adanya transisi elektron dari  n-?* , n-?*, dan ?-?*. Berdasarkan hasil spektra inframerah dan fitokimia fraksi 3 menunjukkan puncak yang sesuai dengan gugus fungsi karakteristik terpenoid yaitu O-H, C-H alifatik, C=O karbonil, dan C=C alifatik.
KARAKTERISTIK MUTU GELATIN DARI KULIT AYAM BROILER MELALUI PROSES PERENDAMAN KOMBINASI ASAM-BASA
Authors: Simpen I Nengah , Puspawati Ni Made , Prabawanti A A I Rahma
Published: May 2020

Kandungan kolagen yang cukup tinggi pada kulit ayam berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku alternatif gelatin halal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh variasi pelarut asam, yaitu asam asetat, asam laktat dan asam sitrat dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 1% setelah perendaman basa NaOH 0,15% terhadap rendemen, pH, viskositas, dan kekuatan gel produk gelatin yang diekstrak dari kulit ayam broiler. Proses perendaman yang menghasilkan gelatin terbaik dipilih berdasarkan acuan standar mutu, kemudian gelatin tersebut dikarakterisasi sifat fisikokimianya dan dibandingkan dengan gelatin komersial. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) enam perlakuan dengan tiga kali ulangan dan dianalisis dengan metode one-way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan perlakuan pada proses perendaman tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap hasil rendemen, sedangkan terhadap pH, viskositas, dan kekuatan gel berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05). Gelatin terbaik dihasilkan dari proses perendaman dengan NaOH 0,15% dilanjutkan dengan asam asetat 1%. Analisis sifat fisikokimia gelatin terpilih menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda dengan gelatin komersial, serta memenuhi standar mutu SNI dan British Standard dengan karakteristik pH 5,20; viskositas 4,20 cP; kekuatan gel 239,92 g bloom;  kadar air 11%; kadar abu 1,08%; kadar protein 91,82%; dan kadar lemak 0,99%. Hasil analisis spektra FTIR menunjukkan gugus fungsi khas gelatin pada sampel, yaitu gugus O-H, N-H, C-O, C=O, C-N dan NCO.
ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI, SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI PADA MINYAK ATSIRI SEREH WANGI (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt)
Authors: Puspawati Ni Made , Suirta I Wayan , Bahri Saeful
Published: May 2020

Sereh wangi (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri dan mengidentifikasi komposisi senyawa kimia minyak atsiri yang diekstraksi dari daun dan batang sereh wangi. Ekstraksi minyak atsiri dilakukan menggunakan metode destilasi uap dan komposisi kimianya diidentifikasi dengan KG-SM (Kromatografi Gas-Spekrometer Massa). Minyak atsiri yang diekstrak dari daun dan batang sereh wangi berwarna kuning muda dengan rendemen berturut-turut 0,31% dan 0,10%. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri daun dan batang sereh wangi bergantung pada konsentrasinya. Pada konsentrasi minimum 25 ppm, minyak atsiri daun aktif dengan diameter hambat sebesar 4,0 mm untuk E.coli dan 3,0 mm untuk S.aureus. Aktivitas penghambatan yang kuat terhadap bakteri E.coli didapatkan pada konsentrasi 100 ppm (10,25 mm pada daun dan 10,62 mm pada batang) dan terhadap S.aureus pada konsentrasi 100 ppm (11,25 mm pada batang). Hasil identifikasi dengan KG-SM, minyak atsiri pada daun dan batang memberikan 12 puncak senyawa dengan waktu retensi yang sama dengan luas area yang berbeda pada kromatogramnya. Hal ini menunjukkan komposisi kimia yang sama pada minyak atsiri daun dan batang sereh wangi. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi dapat disimpulkan bahwa komponen utama dari minyak atsiri daun dan batang sereh wangi adalah sitronellal, cis-sitral, geraniol dan geranil asetat.
EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI LIMBAH KERAJINAN TULANG SAPI MENGGUNAKAN METODE KOMBINASI ALKALI HIDROTERMAL DENGAN DEKOMPOSISI TERMAL
Authors: Parahita I Gede Andy Andika , Simpen I Nengah , Suastuti Ni Gusti Ayu Made Dwi Adhi
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstraksi hidroksiapatit dari limbah kerajinan tulang dan mengkarakterisasinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kombinasi alkali hidrotermal dengan dekomposisi termal, yang dilakukan dengan cara menginteraksikan serbuk tulang dengan NaOH 5% dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 400, 750, 950 dan 1100oC (TB1, TB2, TB3 dan TB4). Nilai yield hidroksiapatit  rata-rata yang dihasilkan adalah 68,82%. Karakterisasi kebasaan permukaan tertinggi dimiliki TB1 adalah 2,8345 ± 1,5166 x 10-2 mmol/gram. Karakterisasi FTIR menghasilkan gugus fungsi yang sesuai dengan senyawa hidroksiapatit. Luas permukaan tertinggi dimiliki TB1 adalah 34,4811 m2/gram. Perbandingan Ca/P rata-rata yang didapatkan adalah 1,6838. Karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan penambahan suhu mengakibatkan puncak difraksi yang dihasilkan semakin tajam yang menunjukkan struktur kristal yang dihasilkan semakin tajam.
KONVERSI MINYAK BIJI MALAPARI (Pongamia Pinnata L.) MENJADI BIODIESEL MELALUI PEMANFAATAN KATALIS HETEROGEN ABU SEKAM PADI TERMODIFIKASI Li
Authors: Dwitama Made Indra , Nasib Muhammad , Sitepu Olivia Carolyn , Suandi Dwi Anggraeni Putri , Simpen I Nengah
Published: May 2020

Minyak biji malapari adalah bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel yang sangat potensial. Pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak biji malapari melalui pemanfaatan katalis abu sekam padi termodifikasi litium sebagai katalis heterogen telah berhasil dilakukan. Katalis dimodifikasi melalui metode keramik pada temperatur 900oC. Setiap 1 g abu sekam padi dicampurkan dengan 1,23 g Li2CO3 dan dikalsinasi dalam furnace selama 4 jam. Katalis abu sekam padi termodifikasi litium dikarakterisasi dan diuji aktivitasnya dalam pembuatan biodiesel. Persen berat katalis optimum dalam pembuatan biodiesel juga dipelajari dengan variasi sebesar 1,3 dan 5%. Biodiesel dari minyak biji malapari yang diperoleh dianalisis kualitasnya dengan mengacu pada SNI 04-7182-2006. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mensintesis dan mengetahui karakteristik katalis abu sekam padi termodifikasi litium serta mempelajari kemampuannya dalam mengkonversi minyak biji malapari menjadi biodiesel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa katalis abu sekam padi termodifikasi litium berhasil disintesis. Modifikasi abu sekam padi oleh litium mengakibatkan peningkatan kebasaan permukaan dan rasio Li:Si-nya serta mengakibatkan penurunan luas permukaan spesifiknya. Katalis abu sekam padi termodifikasi litium mampu meningkatkan efektifitas konversi minyak biji malapari menjadi biodiesel. Biodiesel yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi 2 parameter yakni densitas dan viskositas yang ditetapkan dalam SNI 04-7182-2006.
PENURUNAN KADAR COD, SURFAKTAN, DAN FOSFAT LIMBAH LAUNDRY DENGAN BIOSISTEM TANAMAN
Authors: Suyasa I Wayan Budiarsa , Putra A A Gede Bawa , Putra I Kadek Sutomo
Published: May 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengolahan air limbah laundry dengan biosistem tanaman yang divariasikan dengan dan tanpa penambahan suspensi aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh penambahan suspensi aktif dan pengaruh waktu perlakuan terhadap perubahan kadar COD, Surfaktan, dan Fosfat pada biosistem tanaman serta menentukan kapasitas pengolahan biosistem tanaman terhadap perubahan nilai ketiga parameter tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan suspensi aktif dan waktu perlakuan dapat berpengaruh terhadap perubahan nilai COD, Surfaktan, dan Fosfat. Pengaruh suspensi aktif terlihat dari waktu minimal perlakuan untuk memenuhi baku mutu, dimana untuk parameter Surfaktan dan Fosfat pada sistem penambahan suspensi aktif memiliki waktu minimal perlakuan yang lebih cepat daripada sistem tanpa penambahan suspensi aktif. Sedangkan pengaruh waktu perlakuan terlihat dari nilai ketiga parameter tersebut, dimana semakin lama waktu perlakuan maka semakin kecil nilai dari ketiga parameter tersebut. Dari hasil uji anova (analisys of variance) menunjukkan bahwa penambahan suspensi aktif dan waktu perlakuan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai COD, surfaktan dan fosfat. Kapasitas pengolahan pada sistem tanpa penambahan suspensi aktif adalah 8,7259 ppm/m3jam untuk COD, 0,7715 ppm/m3jam untuk Surfaktan dan 0,2178 ppm/m3jam. Kapasitas pengolahan sistem dengan penambahan suspensi aktif adalah  8,4500 ppm/m3jam untuk COD, 0,7821 ppm/m3jam untuk Surfaktan dan 0,2399 ppm/m3jam untuk Fosfat.
PENGARUH WAKTU INKUBASI TERHADAP AKTIVITAS LIPASE YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN MINYAK JELANTAH PADA TANAH DARI HUTAN MANGROVE PANTAI SUWUNG KAUH BALI
Authors: Laksmiwati A A I A Mayun , Wirajana I Nengah , Suci Diah
Published: May 2020

Tanah hutan mangrove Pantai Suwung Kauh Bali dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber penghasil enzim, salah satunya adalah lipase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya aktivitas lipase dengan dan tanpa penambahan minyak jelantah dan pengaruh waktu inkubasi terhadap aktivitas lipase tanah hutan mangrove. Metode titrasi asam-basa digunakan dalam pengukuran aktivitas lipase dengan waktu inkubasi selama 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 dan 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa penambahan minyak jelantah dapat meningkatkan aktivitas lipase. Peningkatan aktivitas lipase diduga disebabkan oleh lipida yang terkandung dalam minyak jelantah dapat menginduksi lipase dari mikroorganisme lipolitik yang ada dalam tanah. Aktivitas lipase tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 0,0996 U/mL dengan penambahan minyak jelantah pada inkubasi hari ke-6. Aktivitas lipase dengan penambahan minyak jelantah dan dengan aerasi dihasilkan aktivitas lipase yang lebih tinggi sebesar 0,1250 U/mL dengan waktu inkubasi 5 hari. Waktu inkubasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap aktivitas lipase pada tanah hutan mangrove dengan dan tanpa penambahan minyak jelantah.
DEGRADASI FOTOKATALITIK FENOL MENGGUNAKAN FOTOKATALIS ZnO DAN SINAR UV
Authors: Permata Dessy Gilang , Diantariani Ni Putu , Widihati Ida Ayu Gede
Published: May 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai degradasi fotokatalitik fenol menggunakan fotokatalis ZnO dan sinar UV. ZnO disintesis menggunakan metode pengendapan dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan Difraksi Sinar-x (XRD) dan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Degradasi fotokatalitik fenol meliputi penentuan pH optimum, jumlah fotokatalis optimum, waktu reaksi optimum, dan efektivitas degradasi fotokatalitik. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan ZnO memiliki struktur kristal heksagonal wurtzite dengan ukuran kristal 28,05 nm. Dari hasil karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan ZnO yang dihasilkan berbentuk bulat. Kondisi optimum degradasi fotokatalitik fenol dengan fotokatalis ZnO yaitu pH optimum 8, jumlah fotokatalis ZnO optimum 40 mg, dan waktu optimum radiasi 8 jam. Efektivitas degradasi fotokatalitik fenol pada kondisi optimum sebesar (63,52±3,48)%.