bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positional differences in anticipation timing, reaction time and dynamic balance of American football players
Authors: Ceylan Halil İ. , Günay Ahmet R.
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the coinciding anticipation timing (CAT), reaction time and dynamic balance performances of American football players according to their playing positions.

Material: Thirty-five American football players, who train at least 3 days a week, and compete in Universities Protected Football 1st League, participated in this study, voluntarily. The players were divided into two playing positions: offensive (17 players, mean age: 20.76 ± 1.30 years) and defensive (18 players, mean age: 21.94 ± 2.87 years). The CAT at different stimulus speeds (6 mph, 12 mph), reaction time (visual, auditory, mixed), and dynamic balance performance (anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, perimeter lenght) were measured in the laboratory environment. The CAT, reaction time, and dynamic balance performance of players were determined by Bassin Anticipation Timer, Newtest 1000, and Technobody Prokin-200, respectively.

Results: The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS (20.0) program. Firstly, the raw data for CAT performance (6mph, 12 mph) were converted to absolute error score. According to Shapiro-Wilk test result, the all data showed normal distribution. Independent Sample t test was used to determine the differences between the two playing positions. In addition, the effect size between the two playing positions was calculated in parameters with showing significant differences, and Cohen’s d (1988) values were taken into account. Compared with the defensive players (20.15±3.81 ms), the absolute error scores at fast stimulus speeds (12 mph) of offensive players (17.45±3.48 ms) was found to be significantly lower (t(33) =-2.181, p=.036). The visual reaction time of offensive players (318.11± 17.47 ms) was significantly shorter than defensive players (340.58± 32.60 ms, t(26322) =-2.560, p=.017). In terms of dynamic balance parameters such as perimeter lenght, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral, there was no statistically significant difference between the playing positions (p>0.05).

Conclusions: Perceptual-cognitive characteristics such as CAT, and reaction time performance differ according to the playing positions, and this difference may be related to the physical, and cognitive demands required by their playing positions.
Bilateral asymmetry of pedaling force at different levels of exercise intensity in cycle ergometer
Authors: Stefanov Lachezar G. , Ivanov Ivan , Aleksieva Daniela
Published: May 2020

Background and Study Aim. To investigate how bilateral pedaling asymmetries change at exercises with different levels of intensity.
Material and Methods. Eight students of cycling, average age 25.4 years, were investigated. In the experiment, we recorded the pedal force of the right and left legs during three consecutive exercises of different intensity 35%, 55% and 85% respectively.  To quantify the difference in physical parameters of pedaling between the left and right legs, we used two approaches that complement each other in the analysis of bilateral asymmetry. One approach involved determining an asymmetry index, and other was statistical analysis.
Results. The Student's t-test indicated that the difference between the power samples for the left and right pedals decreased at 85% exercise intensity vs. 55% with a statistical significance of α = 0.05. The bilateral asymmetry in most cases decreased or in two cases remained unchanged. The cases where there was no statistically significant difference between the power samples for both legs at 85% and 55% intensity levels had the lowest asymmetry index.
Conclusions. The bilateral pedaling asymmetry is reduced at 85% exercise intensity compared to the 55% one. The reduction in asymmetry index ranges from 1% to 14.1%, Combining the asymmetry index and the Student's t-test can increase the informativeness of pedaling power data when analyzing bilateral asymmetry.
Comparison of physical activity and skinfold thickness of students living in rural and city center
Authors: Yurdakul Hüseyin Ö. , Baydemir Barış
Published: May 2020

Background and Study Aim. ln this academic research, it was aimed to compare the physical activity and skinfold thickness of the students living in the city center and rural areas.
Material and Methods. 89 students attending the 6th grade level, whose total age is 12 years old, residing in the city center and rural areas of Çanakkale participated in the study. Students were examined with SenseWear armband bmi, total energy consumption, daily step count, met, active energy consumption, physical activity time, reach time and sleep times. Body mass index was determined with Holtain Skinfold Caliper. For the analysis of the dataset, the Independent Sample t test was utilized to examine the difference between the students' physical activity levels and skin fold thickness.  Then, the relevance between physical activity level and skinfold thickness was examined for pearson correlation. Significance value p<.05 and p<.01were accepted.
Results. ln accordance with the data obtained with SenseWear Armband, it has been determined that a statistically substantial amount of difference between BMI total energy consumption und daily step number of students living in rural and city centers is present. According to the results of skin fold thickness measurements made with skinfold calipers, there was a significant difference in triceps, subscapular, abdominal, suprailiac and femur regions (p<.05).
Conclusion. As a result of the research, it is concluded that students studying in the city center have less physical activity level than students living in the rural area.
Development of Sharia Banking and Its Contributions for the Development of National Banking
Authors: Fitriyah Thoriqoh Nashrullah
Published: May 2020

The development and growth of shari'a banks after more than two decades in Indonesia is very spectacular, so that spurred the level of economic growth, but if it is related to the substance of the objectives of sharia bank establishment is the alleviation of poverty and unemployment, it will even increase. Based on data from research studies examining, the contribution of Islamic banking to the development of national law, namely by the existence of people who behave economically in sharia and business behavior of Muslim entrepreneurs are included in the targets of the Islamic economic movement in Indonesia. Even though it looks rather slow, the non-financial side of this economic activity is also growing.
Microfluidic Devices: A New Paradigm in Toxicity Studies
Authors: BOŞGELMEZ İffet İpek , İÇÖZ Kutay , YİĞİT Fatma Esra
Published: May 2020

In recent
years, great emphasis has been placed on non-animal toxicological methods (e.g.in
vitro models,in silico or −omics data) as alternative strategies to reduce
animal-testing, in line with the 3R principle. These methods help in the rapid
and accurate estimation of preclinical efficacy and safety associated with discovery
of new drugs, and reduction of failure rates in clinical trials. Currently, the
in vitro studies have been in a transformation or replacement from
two-dimensional cell cultures to three-dimensional cell cultures that can mimic
the physiology of tissues, organs, and organism.

In this
context, organ-on-a-chip systems have been developed by integration of
three-dimensional culture models with emerging microfluidic technologies. The
organ-on-a-chip systems provide a good understanding of dose-response and
toxicity mechanisms in drug development process, since impact of xenobiotics on
human body can be predicted in a satisfactory level. Besides, these systems may
support assessment of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters as well as detection
of drug resistance. Models can be generated as “disease-models-on-a-chip” or
with healthy cells to evaluate response to xenobiotic under test.

In this study,
we will focus on microfluidic systems being used in organ-on-a-chip systems and
emphasize their potential for toxicity studies in which micro-environments of examples
including liver,kidney,brain,lung,heart,and intestines and their physiological
properties as reflected to organ-on-a-chip models.
Força muscular, funcionalidade e distância percorrida em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
Authors: Gomes Luciano Xavier , Santos David , Santos Débora , Souza Gabriel , Cruz Vitória , Lima Yago , Matos Carlos
Published: May 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: O status funcional do indivíduo com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC), considerado um indicador preditivo de agravo do quadro clínico e qualidade de vida dessa população. OBJETIVO: Analisar a força muscular, morbidade, qualidade de vida e distância percorrida em pacientes com DPOC e comparar com o grupo não DPOC. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 58 voluntários, 29 do grupo DPOC, classificados em GOLD II e 29 o grupo não DPOC, com os seguintes parâmetros mensurados: função pulmonar; variáveis antropométricas; força muscular; morbidade mediante o índice Body mass index, airway Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise capacity (BODE); qualidade de vida com o questionário do Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ); capacidade pulmonar através da distância percorrida no teste de caminhada de seis minutos.  Para análise estatística, realizado o teste de Shapiro Wilk e os testes de Mann-Whitney ou t de Student, assim como o teste de correlação de Pearson, para valores de p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: A idade média total foi de 61±7 anos, a força de extensores de joelho (p:0,0004), com valores de força menores para o grupo DPOC 110,61±41,69; em comparação com do grupo não DPOC 156,31±44,09, destaca-se ainda a força de flexores de cotovelo (p 0,004), com 96,34±26,15 para grupo DPOC, em comparação ao grupo não DPOC 118,19±34,71. Na distância percorrida do TC6M o grupo DPOC percorreu uma média de 274± 107,86 e o grupo não DPOC 384,98±100,47 (p<0,05). O BODE apresentou correlação de (r = -0,79) com a distância percorrida no TC6M e de (r =0,72) com o Saint George total. CONCLUSÕES: Os pacientes com DPOC apresentaram redução da força muscular de membros superiores, extensores de joelho e da distância percorrida, ao comparar com o grupo não DPOC.
Outsider to Insider: The Art of the Socially Excluded
Authors: KARTAL Burcu
Published: May 2020

The term outsider art was coined by the art historian Roger Cardinal in 1972. Outsider art includes the art of the ‘unquiet minds,’ self-taught and non-academic work. Outsider art is not a movement like Cubism or Expressionism with guidelines and traditions, rather it is a reflection of the social and mental status of the artist. The classification relies more on the artist than the art. Due to such characteristics of the term, like wide range of freedom and urge to create, social discrimination, creating without the intention of profit, people with Autism Spectrum Disorder also considered as Outsiders. However, not all people with Autism Spectrum Disorder has the skillset to be an artist. This paper focuses on the similarities of the outsider artists and savant artists while focusing on the work and life of Richard Wawro.
Preparation of oleylethylene glycol-sreptavidin surfaces for SPR v1
Authors: Fernig Dave , Su Dunhao
Published: May 2020

Surface plasmon resonance uses gold surfaces for sensing. Manufacturers provide a range of pre-functionalised surfaces, but these are often prone to non-specific binding problems. In other surface science sensing techniques a range of surface functionalisation approaches have been described. Here, the preparation of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of a thiolated oleyl ethylene glycol, incorporating a defined mole % of biotinylated ligands , on a gold surface is described. This allows the formation of a streptavidin layer on the SAM with control over the average surface coverage of streptavidin. Biotinylated ligands can then be immobilised on the streptavidin. Such surfaces have proved to be very resistant to non-specific binding and they are easily implemented on the sensor surfaces of commercial (surface plasmon resonance) SPR instruments. This is adapted from a published method: Migliorini, E. et al. Well-defined biomimetic surfaces to characterize glycosaminoglycan-mediated interactions on the molecular, supramolecular and cellular levels. Biomaterials (2014) doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.07.017.
Find Proteins of Unknown Function (PUFs) using Plantannot - Protocol D v1
Authors: Viana Marcos , Zerlotini Adhemar , Mudadu Mauricio
Published: May 2020

The Plantannot software provides several filters and a text search box that allows searching for molecules by its desired annotation features. These filters are needed to obtain PUFs and to try to relate them to abiotic stresses using RNA-seq expression data and co-expression networks. The Filters menu is separated in 8 fields, of those we are going to use only five: “Organism”, “Feature type”, “Orthology”, “Orthologs_coexpression” and “Analyses”. The “Feature Type” filter has three molecule types, from those the polypeptide box is the only that is going to be always checked and the others blank. By using the other 4 remaining filters, 6 protocols were created as examples of different ways to selecting PUFs. Protocol A: using lack of both homology and protein domain signatures. Protocol B: using lack of homology, presence of domain signatures - trying to select Domains of Unknown Function (DUF) from PFAM, and the text search “Unknown function”.Protocol C: using homology, lack of protein domain signatures and the text search “Unknown function”. Protocol D-F: same protocols of A-C but using ortholog groups to find homolog proteins with co-expression data related to abiotic stress. Protocol D is intended to find PUFs from organisms whose proteins are not yet public in the NCBI’s “nr” database and have no protein domain signatures found by InterproScan. We will use ortholog groups and co-expression networks to relate proteins to abiotic stresses.
Find Proteins of Unknown Function (PUFs) using Plantannot - Protocol C v1
Authors: Viana Marcos , Mudadu Mauricio , Zerlotini Adhemar
Published: May 2020

Find PUFs from organisms whose proteins are not yet in the NCBI “nr” database and have no protein domain signatures.
Stereotaxic Surgery for Delivery of Tracers by Iontophoresis v3
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: May 2020

This protocol describes the delivery of a neuronal tracer using the iontophoretic method. The surgery uses a stereotaxic system to target specific brain coordinates in the mouse. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Numerical study of airfoil with wavy leading edge at high Reynolds number regime
Authors: Pires Fonseca William Denner , Da Silva Rafael Rosario , Orselli Reinaldo Marcondes , De Paula Adson Agrico , Galdino da Silva Ricardo
Published: May 2020

In this work, a numerical study of flow around an airfoil with wavy leading edge is presented at a Reynolds number of 3X106. The flow is resolved by considering the RANS (Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes)equations. The baseline geometry is based on the NACA 0021 profile. The wavy leading edge has an amplitude of 3% and wavelength of 11%, both with respect to the airfoil chord. Cases without and with wavy leadingedges are simulated and compared. Initially, studies of the numerical sensitivity with respect to the obtained results, considering aspects such as turbulence modeling and mesh refinement, are carried out as well as bycomparison with corresponding results in the literature. Numerical data such as pressure distribution, shear stress lines on the wing surface, and aerodynamics coefficients are used to describe and investigate the flowfeatures around the wavy leading airfoil. Comparisons between the straight leading edge and the wavy leading edge cases shows an increase of the maximum lift coefficient as well as stall angle for the wavy leading edge configuration. In addition, at an angle of attack near the stall, the present numerical results shows an increase of the drag coefficient with the wavy leading edge airfoil when compared with the corresponding straight leading edge case.
Edición de publicaciones. Estudio de la recensio en la novela El Zarco de Tomás Carrasquilla
Authors: Carvajal Córdoba Edwin
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo presenta el análisis de la recensio en la novela El Zarco (1922) del escritor colombiano Tomás Carrasquilla, en la línea de edición de publicaciones literarias. Este estudio se realiza desde el enfoque teórico-metodológico de la crítica textual, específicamente desde la etapa de la recensio, con el propósito de restituir la novela en edición crítica de acuerdo con la última voluntad del escritor. De esta manera, se presentará una descripción de los momentos de la recensio, tales como la búsqueda, recolección, descripción, sistematización, historia y filiación de los testimonios de la tradición textual de El Zarco, con su respectivo análisis e interpretación filológica, con el propósito de determinar las relaciones y transformaciones que han experimentado los distintos testimonios de la novela en su transmisión textual o historia editorial de esta publicación.
Bibliominería, datos y el proceso de toma de decisiones
Authors: Fernández Morales Mynor Eduardo , Bonilla Carrión Roger
Published: May 2020

Este artículo trata sobre bibliominería de datos, que es minería de datos aplicada a grandes volúmenes de datos disponibles en las bibliotecas, como resultado de la operación de los principales sistemas transaccionales, tales como préstamos, referencia, adquisiciones, entre otros. Así, la bibliominería de datos es el proceso que tiene como propósito descubrir, extraer y almacenar información relevante de grandes bases de datos existentes en las bibliotecas, mediante la utilización de programas de búsqueda e identificación de patrones y relaciones globales, tendencias, desviaciones y otros indicadores que pueden extraerse mediante distintas técnicas de minería de datos. Es importante señalar que para el análisis bibliométrico se requiere de la participación de equipos interdisciplinarios formados por ingenieros de sistemas, estadísticos y bibliotecólogos.
Comparative analysis of zonisamide and topiramate use in treatment of pediatric epilepsy in real clinical practice: the results of a retrospective study and related clinical cases
Authors: Rakhmanina O. A. , Levitina E. V. , Khramova E. B. , Keln O. L. , Zmanovskaya V. A.
Published: May 2020

Background. Comparative study of antiepileptic drugs allows to make the optimal choice in therapy.

The aim of the study: a comparative analysis of the administration of two similar by chemical structure antiepileptic drugs (zonisamide and topiramate) in the outpatient practice in epilepsy in children, taking into account the efficacy and tolerability.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of outpatient charts of equal in number (n = 18) groups of patients with different forms of epilepsy treated with zonisamide and topiramate in monotherapy and in combined therapy was carried out.

Results. In general, no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of zonisamide and topiramate was obtained (p = 0.692). Efficacy in structural focal epilepsy was also comparable (absence of seizures 54.6 % and 45.5 %, respectively). With comparable efficacy, zonisamide was administered to patients much later in the antiepileptic drugs (Me = 5) than topiramate (Me = 3). Side effects on zonisamide were registered in 27.8 %, side effects on topiramate – in 38.9 % (p = 0.480). The difference in the effect of these drugs on cognitive functions was noted.

Conclusions. Zonisamide shows its effectiveness in different forms of epilepsy in children, despite the later appointment in practice. The drug is well tolerated and probably has less negative effect on children’s cognitive functions than topiramate.
Kleefstra syndrome and epilepsy
Authors: Gamirova R. G. , Lyukshina N. G. , Gamirova R. R. , Farnosova M. E.
Published: May 2020

Kleefstra syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by haploinsufficiency of the EHMT1 (Euchromatic Histone MethylTransferase 1). Patients with Kleefstra syndrome have following most common symptoms: moderate or severe intellectual deficiency, absence of speech, significant diffuse muscular hypotonia, micro-brachycephaly, congenital defects of heart, kidneys, genitourinary tract and recognizable dysmorphic features of face. The article presents 2 similar clinical cases of Kleefstra syndrome in combination with epilepsy. Both patients, along with a typical clinical picture of the underlying disease, have serial epileptic spasms with an onset after first year of life, modified hypsarrhythmia with tendency to synchronization on the electroencephalogram, pharmacoresistant epilepsy. This indicates that Kleefstra syndrome can include epilepsy as one of symptoms of the disease.
The Use of Public Information Technologies in Protection of Environmental Rights and Rights to Natural Resources
Authors: Luneva E. V.
Published: May 2020

The paper concludes that there is a lack of uniform judicial practice concerning the use of free geoinformation systems and cartographic services based on high-resolution satellite images in the field of protection of environmental rights and rights to natural resources.

The author has defined additional criteria of relevance and reliability of public satellite images and parts of digital maps when they are used as evidence in the category of cases under consideration. Additional criteria for the relevance of such evidence should include: (1) the existence of geographical coordinates or their independent georeferencing and gridding by means of an existing or other program when compared with other images or digital maps; 2) indication of the date of shooting; 3) quality (clarity, high resolution, absence of clouds, fog and other visual “obstacles”), which allows us to “read” satellite image and parts of the digital map.

An additional criterion for the credibility of such evidence should include the possibility of “double” verification. First, one needs verifying that the printout or screenshot of a page of the Internet site containing an image of a public satellite image or a part of a digital map correspond to the satellite image itself or a part of a digital map using the specified date, geographic coordinates, and scale. Second, one needs verifying that the information about circumstances recorded in public satellite images and parts of digital maps corresponds to the actual circumstances. In law enforcement, approaches contrary to screenshots of pages of Internet sites used as evidence have been determined. It is shown that the additional criterion of evidentiary relevance of screenshots in cases under consideration is characterized as sufficient.
Assessment of dose-dependent effects of anxiolytics of benzodiazepine structure with diazepam as an example in Danio Rerio
Authors: Devyashin Aleksandr S. , Blazhenko Aleksandra A. , Lebedev Viktor A. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Bychkov Eugenii R. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The effect of benzodiazepine anxiolytic diazepam in Danio rerio was investigated.

Methods. A stress test on novelty situation was used: a fish was placed first in a beaker with a dissolved pharmacological substance (or water) and then into a novel tank for 6 min, where the trajectory, the path length, the number of movements to the upper part of the novel tank, the number and time of the pattern of freezing of the experiment were measured.

Results. In response to the novelty of tank, the fish was shown to react by submerging to the bottom, increasing the freezing, and reducing the number of movements to the upper half of the novel tank. After diazepam exposure (administration), the fish was not only in the lower, but also in the upper part of the novel tank. A pharmacological analysis of diazepam effect in Danio rerio showed that in a certain dose range of 110 mg/l anxiolytic reduces (in comparison with the control group of fish) the number and time of freezing, increases the number of movements in the upper half of the tank and the swimming time in upper part of the tank. Diazepam causes a disinhibition of motor activity at doses of 1 and 5 mg/l, which may be explained by the effect of small doses of tranquilizers on presynaptic GABA-A autoreceptors. Diazepam 20 mg/l has a depriving effect.

Conclusion. Diazepam acts in a higher dose range (110 mg/l) than phenazepam (0.11 mg/l) in Danio rerio. At the same time, diazepam is characterized by a domed dose-dependent effect, in contrast to the action of phenazepam. The prospect of using Danio rerio as an animal model in behavioral pharmacology is not inferior to studies in rodents.
Large Uncertainties in Earthquake Stress-Drop Estimates and Their Tectonic Consequences
Authors: Neely James S. , Stein Seth , Spencer Bruce D.
Published: May 2020

Earthquake stress drop, the stress change on a fault due to an earthquake, is important for seismic hazard analysis because it controls the level of high-frequency ground motions that damage structures. Numerous studies report that stress drops vary by tectonic environment, providing insight into a region’s seismic hazard. Here, we show that teleseismic stress-drop estimates have large uncertainties that make it challenging to distinguish differences between the stress drops of different earthquakes. We compared stress drops for ∼900 earthquakes derived from two independent studies using teleseismic data and found practically zero correlation. Estimates for the same earthquake can differ by orders of magnitude. Therefore, reported stress-drop differences between earthquakes may not reflect true differences. As a result of these larger uncertainties, some tectonic environment stress-drop patterns that appear in one study do not appear in the other analysis of the same earthquakes. These large uncertainties in teleseismic estimates might lead to erroneous inferences about earthquake hazards. In many applications, it may be more appropriate to assume that earthquakes in different regions have approximately the same average stress drop.
La complejidad como pauta y herramienta de formación
Authors: Parra Chico Andrés
Published: May 2020

De manera coloquial, y más relacionado con la discusión académica que con el desarrollo de conceptos pedagógicos y didácticos, se recogen algunas experiencias de aularesultado de modificaciones al curso de Fisiología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad El Bosque. Esto ha permitido la conexión entre algunos conceptos clave delas ciencias de la complejidad, y los contenidos, dinámicas de aula y aprendizaje de la fisiología. Así, se considera que la complejidad brinda herramientas a docentes yestudiantes para ampliar los contenidos, las formas y los saberes y, por lo tanto, permite el cambio, el dinamismo y la autoorganización en las estructuras epistémicas de lasdisciplinas.
CRISE ECONÔMICA QUAIS AS ESTRATÉGIAS ADOTADAS PELAS EMPRESAS QUE RECEBERAM O PRÊMIO DESTAQUE EMPRESARIAL EM TANGARÁ DA SERRA – MT
Authors: Silva Roberto Weber Da , Grzebieluckas Cleci , Santos Josiane Silva Costa dos , Oliveira Leandro Jose de
Published: May 2020

A globalização impactou em mudanças no cenário empresarial, aguçando a competitividade entre os setores econômicos, diante deste novo perfil exigido a gestão estratégica tem se tornado um campo relevante, pois, o uso de técnicas gerenciais torna mais claro o caminho para que uma empresa alcance suas metas. Neste contexto, o objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar quais as estratégias adotadas pelas empresas de Tangará da Serra – MT, para gerenciar a crise econômica vivida no país nos anos de 2015/2016. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra compreende 117 segmentos que receberam o Prêmio Destaque Empresarial. O instrumento de coleta foi questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas entregues aos gestores das empresas. As principais estratégias que possibilitaram as entidades superar o momento de crise com diferencial no mercado foram: usar recursos próprios, contingenciamento de despesas administrativas, redução dos custos com marketing e demissões, incentivo a qualificação, aumento do mix de produtos/serviços ofertados, redução dos preços e retração de alguns investimentos, porém não impediu a maioria de alcançar o equilíbrio.
A pobreza e seu enfrentamento na perspectiva neoliberal: focalização nos pobres e mercado.
Authors: Andrade Fabricio Fontes
Published: May 2020

É objetivo deste artigo debater como se caracteriza a pobreza e sua forma de enfrentamento sob a perspectiva neoliberal, em especial Hayek, Amartya Sen e Banco Mundial. Esta análise das perspectivas neoliberais demonstra que a pobreza e seu enfrentamento na teoria neoliberal transita da sua negação à sua proeminência nas ações focalizas do Estado, que ancoradas em uma pretensa positividade do mercado se colocam como solução da pobreza nas sociedades capitalistas.
BCG Vaccination: A Beacon Of Hope With A Word Of Caution – An Overview On The Current Consensus In ncovid-19
Authors: Gulati Arun , Anudeep Talagavadi Channaiah , Jeyaraman Madhan , ES Sushmitha , Arora Arunabh , Jain Rashmi , Dilip Shirodkar Jaswandi
Published: May 2020

The world is witnessing a great toll on human lives and economy due to nCOVID-19 pandemic. The newly emerged strain (SARS-CoV-2) is spreading rampantly with no regional barriers. No proven vaccination or a proven drug exist to pulverize SARS-CoV-2. Few studies have linked BCG vaccination policy to account for the difference in nCOVID-19 morbidity and mortality between countries experiencing an avalanche in comparison to those with moderate to mild disease. Apart from its prime discovery for combating TB infection, BCG vaccination holds a wide array of clinical utility because of its immunomodulatory potential. This serves as a ray of hope for extrapolating its use in nCOVID-19 with greater and earliest response. However, at present, it is wrapped with a fear of overutilization without proven efficacy against this contagion and may further result in a shortage of vaccines for children who are covered under immunization policy. A number of clinical trials are underway to enlighten upon BCG and its effectivity parameters to combat this scenario. These outcomes will surely be more significant for countries not following universal vaccination policy. In the interim, containment strategy along with supportive care is the mainstay to battle the prevailing scenario with a positive outlook on the results of ongoing clinical trials.
Páginas da rede social Facebook: ferramentas para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da língua francesa
Authors: Gomes Rosivaldo , Pelaes Romário Estrão
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise de potencialidades didáticas de conteúdos para o ensino-aprendizagem de Francês Língua Estrangeira (FLE) em páginas da rede social Facebook. De forma mais específica, intentamos, primeiramente, mostrar um mapeamento de algumas páginas e suas conteúdos e de que maneira estes podem auxiliar no ensino de FLE. Para a fundamentação teórica são apresentados os conceitos de redes sociais, mas especificamente o facebook. Alinham-se a essa fundamentação discussões sobre concepções adotadas e explicitadas pelo Cadre Européen Commum de Référence para uma reflexão sobre as abordagens comunicativa e acional no ensino e aprendizagem do FLE. O estudo configura-se como uma investigação qualitativa observacional, do tipo netnografia (KOZINETS, 2014), sendo utilizado o recurso de captura de tela para o registro dos dados de postagens de 2 das páginas mapeadas. Com a análise das postagens e de alguns comentários, veiculados nas páginas selecionadas, foi possível constatar o potencial pedagógico dessas páginas para ensino-aprendizagem de FLE e de aspectos culturais francófonos.
Resenha da nova edição brasileira da obra de Nicos Poulantzas, “Poder político e classes sociais”
Authors: Boito Jr Armando
Published: May 2020

A originalidade deste livro está presente já na construção do seu objeto de investigação: o nível jurídico-político do modo de produção capitalista e, particularmente, o tipo capitalista de Estado. O conceito ampliado de modo de produção, concebido não como sinônimo de economia, mas sim como conceito que contempla o todo complexo e articulado de distintas instâncias ou níveis da vida social, esse conceito ampliado é a referência de fundo que permitiu a Poulantzas construir o seu objeto.
Programa Escola Viva no Estado do Espírito Santo: reflexões acerca da gestão educacional
Authors: Alcântara Alzira Batalha , Matos Luciane , Costa Roseli
Published: May 2020

Este artigo objetiva debater a gestão educacional no Estado do Espírito Santo a partir de 2015 com a implementação do Programa Escola Viva no âmbito da rede pública de ensino capixaba, estruturado pelo Instituto de Corresponsabilidade Educacional (ICE), entidade privada sem fins lucrativos. Firmou-se uma parceria público-privada na educação do Estado do Espírito Santo patrocinada pela Organização não governamental Espírito Santo em Ação. Por meio dessa parceria, ações vêm sendo implementadas com a pretensão de promover a qualidade do ensino e da aprendizagem na escola pública. Do ponto de vista metodológico, a pesquisa amparou-se na revisão de literatura e na análise de fontes primárias e secundárias atinentes ao Programa Escola Viva. Concluiu que o modelo de gestão proposto pelo Programa dialoga com o ideário do neoliberalismo e da Terceira Via. Assim, a gestão democrática, ainda que prescrita legalmente para a rede pública, vem sendo reconfigurada. Naturaliza-se, a um só tempo, a ideia de que a escola pública é ineficiente, e, por isso, sua gestão deve ser pautada em princípios norteadores do mundo empresarial, como o utilitarismo, a competição e a meritocracia, sob o mantra de que esse novo modelo assegurará a eficácia na gestão pública. Assim, tanto a gestão democrática quanto os direitos sociais e políticos conquistados vêm sendo ameaçados ou subordinados às bases da racionalidade econômica.
El Ejercicio Físico en la Postmenopausia
Authors: Cortés Reyes Edgar
Published: May 2020

Es bien sabido que en la Postmenopausia, una de las complicaciones más importantes luego de la hipertensión arterial, es la osteoporosis, cuya expresión fisiopatológica es la disminución del contenido mineral óseo, (CMO), lo que predispone a fracturas patológicas en sitios bien establecidos: tercio distal del radio, columna lumbosacra, tercio proximal del fémur.
Embarazos durante el ciclo de la biopsia de endometrio
Authors: Sánchez Fabio , Devia Gabriel , Díaz de Calle Constanza , Henao Guillermo , Mejía Jorge Mario
Published: May 2020

Se presenta un informe de los embarazos obtenidos en el ciclo durante el cual se practicó la biopsia de endometrio, en pacientes que consultation por esterilidad. El estudio anatomopatológico del endometrio junto con el estudio de efectores y las determinaciones hormonales específicas, son exámenes que permiten una adecuada evaluación del factor endocrino.Se analizaron 25 pacientes (11.1%) que se embarazaron durante el ciclo de la biopsia, del total de 223 embarazos de pacientes estériles. Tres de los embarazos se lograron durante el período de tratamiento y el resto (22) durante la fase de estudio. Sólo 8 pacientes tenían diagnóstico etiológico de su esterilidad. El informe histológico del endometrio fue secretor en 23 y en dos, proliferativo. Catorce pacientes (56%) tuvieron un embarazo a termino y un 12% abortos. Se discute el posible mecanismo que desencadena la presencia de embarazos durante este procedimiento en pacientes estériles.
Palabras del Dr. Francisco Pardo Vargas, presidente de FECOLSOG en la sesión inaugural del curso conmemorativo 40 años Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Authors: Pardo Vargas Francisco
Published: May 2020

No podíamos dejar pasar desapercibidamente esta efemérides de los 40 años de publicación ininterrumpida de la Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Y pensamos que la mejor manera de celebrarla era congregados aquí, bajo el patrocinio de nuestra Revista y con el generoso y ya tradicional albergue de esta Universidad, para que todos juntos, generaciones de maestros y de discípulos, pero ante todo de colegas y amigos, pudiéramos compartir los beneficios científicos y el grato ambiente de alegre compañerismo que siempre ha caracterizado a nuestras reuniones.
Historia de la ginecobstetricia en Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Torres Fernando
Published: May 2020

El 15 de octubre de 1970, al cumplirse el primer aniversario de la muerte del profesor Pedro Nel Cardona Correa, un distinguido grupo de ginecobstetras antioqueños creó en Medellín la Fundación que lleva su nombre, destinada a promover y auspiciar las investigaciones en el campo de la ginecología, disciplina ésta de la que el doctor Cardona fue un gran maestro. Ese grupo de especialistas, casi todos discípulos suyos, quería con ello testimoniarle gratitud a su memoria y, a la vez, perpetuar su nombre. Ese acto, sin duda, fue un elemental reconocimiento a la obra de quien fuera una figura destacada de la ginecología colombiana.
Microcirugía ginecológica en infertilidad. 7 Años de experiencia
Authors: Pérez Agudelo Luis Ernesto , Abdala Lucía Teresa
Published: May 2020

Presentamos nuestra experiencia en 175 pacientes infértiles por factor tuboperitoneal tratadas con microcirugía. Fueron clasificadas acorde a los hallazgos de la laparoscopia y la histerosalpingografía e intervenidas por un mismo cirujano utilizando microscopio quirúrgico. Después de un seguímiento de 12 a 60 meses se han obtenido las siguientes tasas de embarazos: salpingolisis 74%; ovariolisis 71%; anastomosis tubo-tubáricas 70%; implantes tubo-uterinos 50%; fimbrioplastias 50%; adhesiolisis pélvica 43%; salpingostomías 29% y combinaciones de adhesiolisis pélvica y salpingostomías 14%. Los resultados se correlacionan inversamente con la severidad de la patología subyacente. La microcirugía es un excelente tratamiento del factor tubo-peritoneal.
Propuesta de actualización de las normas para la atención de usuarias de métodos de planificación familiar en unidades de salud
Authors: Michaels U.E. Elsy , De Salemi E. Cecilia C. , Riaño Germán , Bohórquez J. , De Duque E. Luz Helena M. , Rizo Alberto
Published: May 2020

El actual conjunto de Normas que regulan la oferta de servicios de planificación familiar por parte de los organismos oficiales de salud en Colombia, tuvo su origen a mediados de 1984. Pese a que los documentos técnicos que especificaban las normas y procedimientos de dicha actividad fueron preparados en el año mencionado, sólo hasta 1987 la División Materno Infantil del Ministerio de Salud Pública pudo contar con una publicación especialmente preparada para hacer conocer las normas de la mayoría de los organismos oficiales de salud, instituciones de educación superior, escuelas de auxiliares de enfermería y otros en el país.
Síndrome de Tensión Premenstrual. Estudio Sintomatológico de 302 casos.
Authors: Acosta Osio Guillermo , Franco Hernando
Published: May 2020

Conocer de la importancia actual del Síntrome de Tensión Premenstrual (STP), y cómo afecta éste a la mujer en la vida laboral y afectiva, decidimos realizar un estudio inicial al azar con 317 estudiantes de carreras paramédicas de 1o. a 5o. año. Se incluyeron 302 casos, encontrándose un promedio de 20.5 años; entre los 16 síntomas físicos investigados existió predominio de la mastalgia en 67.2%, seguido de hinchazón abdomínal 66.2%, acné en el 61% y cefalea en el 50% de las pacientes.Entre los 9 síntomas psicológicos analizados encontramos predominio de la irritabilidad en 58.2%, seguido por la depresión en 52%; y entre los 5 síntomas conductuales predomínaron afectación laboral y escolar.El 55% de las pacientes utilizan drogas para calmar los síntomas.También fue estudiado la fecha de inicio de los síntomas, el número de síntomas presentados, la duración de los mismos, su relación con la menarquia y la influencia de éste síndrome en la autoimagen femenina.Entre las conclusiones tenemos que el 64.5% de las pacientes cursan con STP leve, el 25.2% con STP moderado, y el 7.3% con STP severo. Menos del 1% de las mujeres consultan a médicos por éste padecimiento y el 55% se automedican. No existe un tratamiento específico para este padecimiento pues su etiología aún es incierta.
Embarazo abdominal
Authors: Gonzàlez Mariño Mario Arturo , Heredia Hernández María Margarita
Published: May 2020

Se reporta un caso de embarazo abdominal presentado en el Hospital Regional San José de Sogamoso. Como suele suceder con esta forma de embarazo ectópico, su diagnóstico no fue establecido hasta realizar laparotomía. El riesgo de muerte materna y un alto índice de complicaciones impone considerar su presencia en un embarazo que curse con síntomas y hallazgos clínicos anormales.
Discurso del Presidente Doctor Francisco Pardo Vargas en la inauguración del XVIII Congreso de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: May 2020

Se reúne hoy de nuevo, alborozadamente, la gran familia de Jos Gineco-Obstetras Colombianos. Y lo hace en momentos en que parecen mejorar las vicisitudes de la Patria, con fe en su futuro y como una reafirmación de su permanente vocación de servicio a la comunidad.
Factores de riesgo de infección postcesárea Hospital Universitario de Caldas
Authors: González Mariño Mario Arturo , Jaramillo Velásquez Eduardo León , Esparza Duque Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2020

En el Hospital Universitario de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia, se adelantó entre el 1 de enero y el 31 de diciembre de 1.988, un estudio analítico de casos y controles con el propósito de identificar factores de riesgo de infección postcesárea. Para el efecto, se seleccionaron como casos 50 pacientes infectadas después de cesárea. Como controles se tomaron 573 pacientes que no presentaron infección postcesárea. Se observó asociación estadística entre los casos y las variables "Meconio" ["odd ratio":l.9 (p= 0.04)] y "Antibióticos Profilácticos" [odd ratio" :0.29. (p=0.002)].La presencia de Meconio es factor de riesgo de infección postcesárea. El uso de antibióticos es factor protectivo contra la infección.
Comportamiento que adoptan las parejas ante la infertilidad
Authors: Onatra William H. , Acevedo C. Elizabeth , Duque G. Aurora , Garcia Hna. Lucila , Ramírez C. Elsa Cristina
Published: May 2020

Se estudiaron 30 parejas de nivel socio-económico bajo que consultaron a la Clínica de Infertilidad del Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá durante el periodo enero/88 y febrero/89, con el fin de conocer el comportamiento adoptado ante el Diagnóstico de Infertilidad. Se encuentra que la relación de pareja es buena en el 33.3% y regular/mala 23.3%. Se presenta un "Cambio en la relación de pareja" en el 66.6%, manifestado por enfriamiento de la relación conyugal (58.8%) maltrato (17.6%) y Adulterio (17.6%). La expresión afectiva se modifica: Con disminución del cariño en el 29.7%, convivir por obligación en el 24.3%, insatisfacción sexual 21.6%, despreocupación 18.9%. La búsqueda de tratamiento se encuentra en el 60% y la conducta compensatoria inacción 40% búsqueda de empleo 23.3% cuidar niños ajenos 20% y deportes 10%. La adopción como medida compensatoria es rechazada por los prejuicios que tienen sobre ésta. Se recomienda el trabajo de un equipo multidisciplinario de ginecólogos, enfermeras, psicólogos, terapeutas física y ocupacional, trabajadoras sociales como punto de apoyo para el manejo de las parejas que consultan por Infertilidad.
Controversias sobre los aspectos inmunológicos en la endometriosis
Authors: Ossa L. Jorge E.
Published: May 2020

La endometriosis es una enfermedad asociada con el fenómeno de la menstruación (sólo ocurre en forma natural en especies que tienen menstruación; se asocia más frecuentemente a mujeres con sangrado prolongado y profuso y se "cura" cuando la menstruación se suspende natural o artificialmente).
Mortalidad materna y factores de riesgo asociados. Estudio de casos y controles. Area metropolitana de Medellín. Octubre 1 de 1988 - septiembre 30 de 1989
Authors: Cataño Octavio
Published: May 2020

Estudio poblacional de casos y controles que se hizo para identificar los principales factores de riesgo que inciden en la Mortalidad Materna y conocer el peso real de cada uno de ellos, con el fin de orientar las acciones de control en forma efectiva y producir impacto en la reducción de la problemática en el Area Metropolitana de Medellín, Colombia. Se logró igualmente cuantificar y clasificar la mortalidad en las mujeres en edad reproductiva (12-49 años) y la Mortalidad Materna.El estudio incluyó todas las muertes maternas producidas entre octubre de 1988 y septiembre de 1989. Se tomaron cuatro controles por caso, la mitad de ellos institucionales y el resto en la población. Al estudiar los factores socioeconómicos se tomó como base la estratificación que divide el AMM en seis estratos y se obtuvieron tres estratos para el presente estudio. Además de los certificados de defunción, se tomaron los registros de egreso hospitalario por muerte de mujeres de edad reproductiva, los informes de necropsia, las historias clínicas y se hicieron visitas domiciliarias para entrevistar al familiar más cercano de la mujer fallecida. Para los controles también se hizo visita al familiar más próximo. El subregistro encontrado fue del 52.8%. La tasa de mortalidad de las mujeres en edad fértil fue de 15 por 10.000 y la tercera parte de estas muertes se debió a causas violentas y accidentales. La tasa de mortalidad materna fue de 7.2 por 10.000 nacidos vivos y es más de dos veces mayor que la informada oficialmente para 1988. Las causas de muerte materna en orden de frecuencia fueron la hipertensión asociada al embarazo, la infección y la hemorragia. El aborto puede considerarse como la segunda causa porque está englobada por la infección y la hemorragia. Los factores socioeconómicos fueron los que presentaron mayor asociación con la Mortalidad Materna, y se destacan en ellos la baja escolaridad tanto de la mujer como de su compañero, el estrato socioeconómico bajo y la ausencia de apoyo afectivo para la mujer. Sus razones de disparidad fluctuaron entre 3.5 y 4.9. Entre los antecedentes personales y obstétricos se destacó el estado civil soltera con una razón de disparidad de 2.6. Entre los factores de riesgo del embarazo en el cual se produjo la muerte se encontró mayor fuerza de asociación con la hemorragia, aunque la hipertensión presentó una razón de disparidad de 10.0. Entre los factores de riesgo relacionados con la accesibilidad a los servicios de salud no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa.La proporción de riesgo atribuible a los expuestos permitió determinar una evitabilidad de las muertes maternas entre el 61.5% y el 91%. Se recomiendan intervenciones dentro del enfoque de riesgo para impactar los factores de riesgo específicos que se encontraron asociados con la Mortalidad Materna en el presente estudio.
Enfermedad tiroidea y embarazo
Authors: Gómez T. Gustavo , Camacho Rafael A. , González Lilian
Published: May 2020

En la Clínica de Embarazo de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico-Endocrino se manejaron un total de 52 pacientes con enfermedad tiroidea y embarazo. 30 hipertiroideas, 17 hipotiroideas y 5 con Bocio Eutiroideo. Los diagnósticos rincipales en hipertiroidismo fueron E. de Graves (66%) y tiroiditis (16%). Dos pacientes (6.6%) presentaron crisis hipertiroidea y hubo una muerte materna (19%). Incidencia de 23% de cesáreas (la mitad por sufrimiento fetal). Dos recién nacidos (14%) tuvieron diagnóstico de bajo peso al nacer; no hubo muertes perinatales y sí un aborto de 20 semanas. El diagnóstico principal en hipotiroidismo fue tiroiditis de Hashimoto (30%). No se presentó mortalidad materna ni fetal. El Bocio Eutiroideo se comporta normalmente durante el embarazo.Se revisa el tema desde el punto de vista fisiológico durante el embarazo y se discute el diagnóstico y tratamiento.