bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘An Eye for an Aye’: linguistic and political backlash and conformity in eighteenth-century Scots
Authors: van Eyndhoven Sarah
Published: October 2021

This study examines the effect of political change on the use of written Scots during the eighteenth century. In particular, it compares a cross-section of texts from literate Scottish society, with works from certain politically-active authors, who identified strongly as pro- or anti-Union following the creation of the British state in 1707. The proportion of Scots to English lexemes in their writing is explored using conditional inference trees and random forests, in a small, purpose-built corpus. Use of Scots is shown to differ between the two groups, with specific extralinguistic factors encouraging or suppressing the presence of written Scots. Frequency of Scots is also found to be influenced by the political ideology of the politicised authors. These results are linked to the Scottish political scene during the eighteenth century, as well as general processes of change over time.
Altered cerebellum functional network on newly diagnosed drug-naïve Parkinson’s disease patients with anxiety
Authors: Wang Yirong , Zhang Shushan , Yang Haodi , Zhang Xin , He Shijia , Wang Jian , Li Jian
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Damage to the cerebellar functional network may underlie anxiety symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Herein we investigated the regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) patterns of cerebellar and clinical correlates in PD patients with anxiety and explored their clinical significance.

Methods

We enrolled 50 newly diagnosed drug-naïve PD patients and 30 normal controls (NCs). Twenty-six PD patients with anxiety symptoms (PD-A) and 24 PD patients without anxiety symptoms (PD-NA) were sorted into groups based on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). All included participants underwent rest-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scanning. Cerebellar FC based on the seed-based method was used to investigate regional and whole brain function in PD-A, PD-NA, and NCs, and the relationship between the abnormal brain function and anxiety symptoms in PD patients was also detected.

Results

Compared with the PD-NA group and the NCs, the ReHo value of the PD-A group was significantly decreased in the left medial frontal gyrus and increased in the left cerebellum. Further, left-cerebellum-based FC patterns were used to detect the decreased FC in the right cerebellum, while FC was increased in the right caudate nucleus, and the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the PD-A group was compared with that in the PD-NA group. Further, the altered FC between the left cerebellum and the right cerebellum was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms in the PD-A group.

Conclusion

The present study found abnormal regional cerebellum function as well as disruptions in the connectivity network within the cerebellum, caudate, and ACC in patients with PD-A. In addition, the FC between the left cerebellum and the right cerebellum was associated with anxiety symptoms in patients with PD. The present study indicated that cerebellar functional damage may be associated with anxiety symptoms in PD patients.
Monitoring Effects of Sleep Extension and Restriction on Endurance Performance Using Heart Rate Indices
Authors: Roberts Spencer S.H. , Aisbett Brad , Teo Wei-Peng , Warmington Stuart
Published: October 2021

Roberts, SSH, Aisbett, B, Teo, W-P, and Warmington, S. Monitoring effects of sleep extension and restriction on endurance performance using heart rate indices. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3381–3389, 2022—Heart rate (HR) indices are useful for monitoring athlete fatigue or “readiness to perform.” This study examined whether HR indices are sensitive to changes in readiness following sleep restriction (SR) and sleep extension (SE). Nine athletes completed a crossover study with 3 conditions: SR, normal sleep (NS), and SE. Each condition required completion of an endurance time trial (TT) on 4 consecutive days (D1–D4). Athletes slept habitually before D1; however, time in bed was reduced by 30% (SR), remained normal (NS), or extended by 30% (SE), on subsequent nights (D1–D3). Daily resting HR and HR variability were recorded. The maximal rate of HR increase and HR recovery was determined from a constant-load test before TTs. Exercise intensity ratios incorporating mean HR, mean power (W), and perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded at steady state during constant-load tests (W:HRSS) and during TTs (W:HRTT, RPE:HRTT). Compared with D4 of NS, RPE:HRTT was lower on D4 of SE (p = 0.008)—when TT performances were faster. Compared with D1 of SR, RPE:HRTT was higher on D3 and D4 of SR (p < 0.02). Moderate correlations were found between percentage changes in W:HRTT and changes in TT finishing time in SR (r = −0.67, p = 0.049) and SE (r = −0.69, p = 0.038) conditions. Intensity ratios incorporating mean HR seem sensitive to effects of sleep duration on athlete readiness to perform. When interpreting intensity ratios, practitioners should consider potential effects of prior sleep duration to determine whether sleep-promoting interventions are required (e.g., SE).
Influence of Strength Level on Performance Enhancement Using Resistance Priming
Authors: Nishioka Takuya , Okada Junichi
Published: October 2021

Nishioka, T and Okada, J. Influence of strength level on performance enhancement using resistance priming. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 37–46, 2022—The current study aimed to investigate (a) whether resistance priming was effective in enhancing jump performance for both stronger and weaker individuals and (b) how resistance priming influences the lower-body force-velocity profile. A total of 20 resistance-trained men performed priming and control conditions 72–144 hours apart in a randomized and counterbalanced order. Jump performances (0 and 40% 1 repetition maximum [1RM] squat jump, 0 and 40% 1RM countermovement jump [CMJ] and drop jump) were assessed before and 24 hours after the priming session, and before and 24 hours after rest (control). Priming session-induced percentage change in 0% 1RM CMJ height was positively correlated with the individual's relative half squat 1RM (r = 0.612, p ≤ 0.05). Using the median split method, subjects were divided into stronger (relative half squat 1RM = 1.93–2.67 kg·kg−1) and weaker (relative half squat 1RM = 1.37–1.92 kg·kg−1) groups and subsequently analyzed. The stronger group showed specific improvement in 0% 1RM CMJ performance 24 hours after the priming session (p ≤ 0.05), whereas the weaker group showed no improvement in any of their jump performances. Moreover, the priming session enhanced the theoretical maximum velocity (p ≤ 0.05), but not the theoretical maximum force during CMJ in the stronger group; whereas none of the force-velocity profile variables were enhanced in the weaker group. These results suggest that stronger individuals are more likely to experience performance enhancement using resistance priming, which may be movement- and velocity-specific.
Load Monitoring With Foucault: Suggestions for the Management of Perceived Exertion in the Elite Sport Context
Authors: Paul Darren , Jones Luke , Read Paul
Published: October 2021

Athlete subjective reporting monitoring tools, such as session rating of perceived exertion (RPE), are commonly used to measure internal load. RPE is based on calculation of athletes' rating on the Borg category 1–10 scale multiplied by the exercise duration. Coaches can then use this feedback to ascertain whether the athletes’ reported RPE is aligned with their own rating of intended (pre training/competition) or observed exertion (post-training/competition perception of exertion). In this paper, a socio-cultural perspective informed by French philosopher Michel Foucault (14) is used to explore factors that can shape the perceptions and attitudes of the main stakeholders involved in the load monitoring process (the practitioner/coach and the athlete). This approach has led us to suggest that when engaged in load monitoring, there is a need for the coaches or conditioning practitioners to reflect on the impact of and alter their approach to, their daily monitoring protocols. Specifically, how their management of athlete generated data can influence the efficacy of their working relationships and ability to develop athletes in an ethical fashion.
Supervised Multisensory Calibration Signals Are Evident in VIP But Not MSTd
Authors: Zaidel Adam , Laurens Jean , DeAngelis Gregory C. , Angelaki Dora E.
Published: October 2021

Multisensory plasticity enables our senses to dynamically adapt to each other and the external environment, a fundamental operation that our brain performs continuously. We searched for neural correlates of adult multisensory plasticity in the dorsal medial superior temporal area (MSTd) and the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) in 2 male rhesus macaques using a paradigm of supervised calibration. We report little plasticity in neural responses in the relatively low-level multisensory cortical area MSTd. In contrast, neural correlates of plasticity are found in higher-level multisensory VIP, an area with strong decision-related activity. Accordingly, we observed systematic shifts of VIP tuning curves, which were reflected in the choice-related component of the population response. This is the first demonstration of neuronal calibration, together with behavioral calibration, in single sessions. These results lay the foundation for understanding multisensory neural plasticity, applicable broadly to maintaining accuracy for sensorimotor tasks.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMultisensory plasticity is a fundamental and continual function of the brain that enables our senses to adapt dynamically to each other and to the external environment. Yet, very little is known about the neuronal mechanisms of multisensory plasticity. In this study, we searched for neural correlates of adult multisensory plasticity in the dorsal medial superior temporal area (MSTd) and the ventral intraparietal area (VIP) using a paradigm of supervised calibration. We found little plasticity in neural responses in the relatively low-level multisensory cortical area MSTd. By contrast, neural correlates of plasticity were found in VIP, a higher-level multisensory area with strong decision-related activity. This is the first demonstration of neuronal calibration, together with behavioral calibration, in single sessions.
Roman Climate Awareness in Pliny the Elder’s Natural History
Authors: Millar Jane
Published: October 2021

This article examines the past and potential contributions of Pliny the Elder’s Natural History (NH) on the subject of Roman perceptions and experiences of environmental change. It asks in particular how classicists, archaeologists, and environmental historians can responsibly use the NH as a source on ancient climate. First, it briefly reviews relevant topics in the paleoclimatology of the Roman world, a rapidly advancing discipline enabling the identification of ancient climate changes with increasing precision and confidence (I). The article then turns to the reliability of Pliny as an authority on ancient climate by examining his accuracy, objectivity, and use of source material in literary and historical context, including his rhetorical goals, which have gone understudied until quite recently (II). A close reading of passages on environmental and climate change follows, highlighting areas in which Pliny’s observations are at odds with his source material. The examples discussed demonstrate the importance of phenology (III) and meteorology (IV) in Pliny’s encyclopedic account of the natural world, one characterized by anthropocentrism, pragmatism, and an emphasis on local knowledge. The evidence for ancient climate change is plentiful but not conclusive on the details and timing, and further studies will continue to refine local records. Rather than presenting a synthetic reconstruction based on Pliny’s observations, I argue that his encyclopedia offers an untapped resource on ancient climate and weather, not only by providing evidence of climate change, but also by recommending increased attention to seasonality, agricultural communities, and the lived experience of agricultural labor in order to better understand the effects of climate change on ancient populations.
“Spoofing Celebrities”
Authors: Caputo Nicoletta
Published: October 2021

Nicoletta Caputo, “‘Spoofing Celebrities’: Shakespearean Parodies of Edmund Kean” (pp. 163–191)

The Romantic age, and theater in particular, figure large in celebrity studies. Edmund Kean was the most celebrated actor and the preeminent Shakespearean interpreter of the time. Kean, however, was also straightforwardly notorious. Exceedingly exhibitionist and extravagant in his personal life, he reveled in scandal. His signature stage role was Richard III, and when, in January 1825, the actor became the target of ferocious parody in the press in consequence of a trial for criminal conversation, this and other Shakespearean roles that he had successfully interpreted over the years were suddenly used to attack him. The essay examines the verbal and visual parodies of Kean based on Shakespeare that were produced for the occasion, focusing on the multilevel appropriation (or misappropriation) of the Bard in the affair.
Blended learning: expectations and reality
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Kachalova Galina Semenovna , Bagavieva Tatyana Kamilyevna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Butakov Vladimir Vladimirovich ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the problem of organizing blended learning in general education organizations. Blended learning, as one of the areas of informatization of education, has been used in foreign countries since the end of the 20th century, and in Russia it has been discussed quite recently. Blended learning has both advantages over traditional learning and possible risks, which include the lack of readiness of teachers to implement an innovative approach to teaching chemistry due to poor awareness of blended learning lesson models and methodological capabilities of electronic educational resources. Separate publications on conducting such chemistry lessons in the absence of generalized methodological recommendations do not allow the teacher to effectively master this technology. The purpose of the study is to develop guidelines that generalize and systematize the experience of organizing blended learning in chemistry lessons. The research methodology is determined: literary search on the problem of organizing blended learning; studying the readiness of chemistry teachers to organize blended learning; development of scripts for chemistry lessons in different blended learning models; preparation of recommendations for chemistry teachers. This article presents the results of a questionnaire survey of chemistry teachers, allowing to determine their readiness for the organization of blended learning. It was found that more than 70% of chemistry teachers know what blended learning is, but prefer to accompany traditional face-to-face learning with electronic resources or use the flipped classroom blended learning model as the most understandable and accessible. The authors confirmed the assumption of the need to develop a generalized model of blended learning lessons, criteria for choosing a model and electronic resources, taking into account the studied content. When choosing electronic resources, the main criterion should be the scientific nature of the studied content, and not the convenience of the user interface. An important criterion is the cross-platform nature of educational resources, as well as the availability of guidelines for the inclusion of the proposed electronic resources in the educational process.
La importancia sociohistórica y cultural de las revistas de la Universidad Nacional
Authors: Soto-Ramírez Marybel
Published: October 2021

El ensayo plantea que las revistas académicas cumplen un papel sociohistórico y cultural decisivo que abona en la labor de la universidad como institución de cultura. Para ello propone un recorrido sobre algunos de los hitos de la constitución de la prensa periódica científica de la Universidad Nacional y abunda en el papel histórico y nodal de la revista como práctica de orden eminentemente académico o intelectual en la comunicación de la ciencia.
HUMAN: BEING BETWEEN NATURE AND CULTURE
Authors: Volkov Alexey
Published: October 2021

The article investigates some issues connected with comprehending the specific features of human existence. The author uses genetic and cross-cultural studies to show that human development is affected by both genetic and sociocultural factors. The author believes that the conception of human existence that takes into account mutual influence and complementarity of genetic and cultural origins in human beings is justified not only in theory, but also in practice, since it responds to the need for harmonization of relations between people and their environment.
НАРАТИВНЕ ВІДКРИТТЯ МЕТАОНТОЛОГІЇ ОСОБИСТОСТІ: ШЛЯХИ РЕФЛЕКСІЇ В ДОБУ ТРАДИЦІОНАЛІЗМУ
Authors: (Archbishop Eulogius of Novomoskovsk) Vasyl Oleksiiovych Patsan
Published: October 2021

Реконструюється концептосфера визначення оповідальної діяльності, встановлена традиціоналістською “філософією перекладу” і висхідна для осягнення Богодухновенного наративу як форми безумовно-достовірного передання Богоодкровенної істини. Розглядаються способи відсторонення інструментарію мистецтва слова доби традиціоналізму від риторичної “вірогідності” і поетологічної “достовірності”, що визначилися в епохи античності, середньовіччя і Відродження в руслі рефлексії літературно-перекладацької творчості, прокладеному, щоб відкрити ближнім особистісний доступ до Слова Божого в умовах багатомовності, і забезпечили наративну реконструкцію біблійної топології особистості у перших повних перекладах Священного Писання з оригінальних мов на народні мови. У ході виявлення траєкторії перегляду – на теренах ренесансного теоретизування щодо перекладу – індикаторів “вірогідного” і “достовірного”, стверджених літературою традиціоналізму, встановлюються передумови раціоналізації сприйняття Божественного Одкровення, якою ініціюється секуляристичне відсторонення людського розуму від Першоджерела духовності.
ВПЛИВ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19 НА РОЗВИТОК ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ ПРЕКАРНОСТІ В СУЧАСНОМУ СВІТІ
Authors: Shulika Andriy Andriiovych
Published: October 2021

Метою дослідження є аналіз впливу карантинних обмежень введених внаслідок пандемії COVID-19 на прекаризацію соціально-політичних груп. До методів дослідження можна віднести: системний підхід; структурно-функціональний підхід; порівняльний підхід. Виокремлено та розкрито зміст впливу пандемії COVID-19 на трансформацію політичну сферу в сучасному світі. Серед особливостей впливу пандемії COVID-19 можна виділити в першу чергу наслідки введення карантинних обмежень, які були повністю обумовленні вимогами охорони здоров’я, але спричинили глобальний вплив на економічну, суспільну та політичну сферу. Обґрунтовано, що карантинні обмеження введені внаслідок пандемії COVID-19 актуалізували проблеми економічної та соціально-політичної нерівності, що призводить до прекаризації певних соціально-політичних груп. Прекаризація відбувається внаслідок обмеження економічних та громадянських прав, що призводить до економічної та соціально-політичної нестабільності в країнах світу.
Enfermería en atención primaria: plan de decisiones y acciones basado en la transculturalidad
Authors: Betancurth Loaiza Diana Paola , Mejía Alarcón Adriana Milena , Sanchez Palacio Natalia , Orozco Castillo Magda Liliana , Giraldo Osorio Alexandra
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: presentar un plan de decisiones y acciones de enfermería basado en un enfoque transcultural a través del Modelo del Sol Naciente propuesto por Madeleine Leininger.
Síntesis de contenido: investigación cualitativa tipo reporte de caso, en la que participó una familia residente del área rural del municipio de Villamaría (Caldas, Colombia) entre noviembre de 2017 y septiembre de 2018. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas sobre condiciones de cuidado individual-familiar, determinantes sociales y riesgo familiar, y se aplicaron instrumentos de valoración de la familia. La información se analizó mediante la técnica de Bardin, previa sistematización en el software ATLAS.ti. Se presenta un plan de decisiones y acciones de enfermería a la luz de una valoración congruente con la cultura, resultado de la conjunción de los sistemas populares y profesionales. Se valoraron siete factores a partir del Modelo del Sol Naciente (tecnológicos, religiosos, sociales, culturales, políticos, económicos y educativos) y se seleccionó el fenómeno “sobrecarga del cuidador familiar del adulto mayor”.
Conclusiones: la propuesta de abordaje otorga herramientas de análisis al profesional de enfermería para brindar cuidado según necesidades, valores, creencias y modos de vida de las personas.
Tabagismo em idosos
Authors: Mahmud Ibrahim Clós , Lerner Erick da Rosa , Giergowicz Fabíola Bastos , Emmanouilidis Jéssica , Spengler Rita de Cássia Bernardo , Schneider Rodolfo Herberto
Published: October 2021

Introdução: o tabagismo é um grave problema de saúde pública em âmbito mundial que afeta a todas as faixas etárias, causando altas taxas de morbimortalidade evitáveis.Objetivo: descrever o que vem sendo publicado sobre o tabagismo na população idosa nos últimos cinco anos na esfera internacional.Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde foram realizadas buscas de artigos nas seguintes bases de dados: PUBMED/MEDLINE, BVS/LILACS, SCOPUS e SCIELO, utilizando os seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde em inglês: “Tobacco Use Cessation” OR “Tobacco Use Disorder” AND “Health of the Elderly” OR “Aged” OR “Aged, 80 and over”. O recorte temporal foi de 2016 a 2020.Resultados: dos 1.642 trabalhos recuperados das bases, houve o afunilamento para um número total de 18 artigos, com a seguinte categorização: mortalidade e outros desfechos clínicos negativos (5); o tabagismo, as síndromes geriátricas e outras patologias (4); políticas públicas para o controle do tabaco (3); qualidade de vida e tabagismo (3); e fatores preditores para cessação tabágica (3).Conclusões: apenas um estudo selecionado foi realizado no Brasil, ressaltando a necessidade de mais estudos brasileiros envolvendo o tabagismo na população idosa objetivando uma melhor compreensão dos aspectos envolvidos e futuras capacitações e otimização de políticas públicas específicas.
Simultaneous determination of ginkgolide A, B, C, bilobalide and rutin in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Hu Bingying , Sun Yingying , Wang Min , He Zhisheng , Chen Shanshan , Qi Dake , Ge Zhen , Fan Lingling , Chen Jingfang , Wei Yang
Published: October 2021

A reliable LC-MS/MS method for the determination of five bioactive constituents (bilobalide, BLL; ginkgolide A, GLA; ginkgolide B, GLB; ginkgolide C, GLC; rutin) of Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts (GBE) in rat plasma was established, fully validated and applied to an intragastric pharmacokinetic study of a preparation of GBE in rat. Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate. C18 column was selected as analytical column in this method. Mobile phase was water with 0.01% formic acid and acetonitrile. Quantification was performed in negative multiple-reaction monitoring mode. Matrix instability of terpene lactones was noticed and hydrochloric acid was used as a stabilizer. This method showed good precision and accuracy, recovery was reproducible and matrix effect was negligible. Among four terpene lactones, BLL had the highest exposure and the shortest terminal half-life, GLA and GLB had lower exposure and longer terminal half-life, the exposure of GLC was lowest and its terminal half-life was the maximum, and all of them showed rapid absorption. This study provides a reference for determination of terpene lactones and flavonol glycoside prototypes in GBE and offers pharmacokinetic data of flavonol glycoside prototype in GBE.
Képzési háttér és gyermekvállalási tervek
Authors: Veroszta Zsuzsanna , Györgyi Zoltán
Published: October 2021

Összefoglaló. A tanulmány a népesedési folyamatok és az oktatási
rendszer kölcsönhatásának értelmezési keretében mozog. Ezen belül a szülői
végzettség egy lehetséges demográfiai következményével, a második gyermek
vállalásának tervezésére gyakorolt hatásával foglalkozik. Az elemzés a KSH NKI
Kohorsz ’18 Magyar Születési Kohorszvizsgálat várandósok körében gyűjtött
adatain alapul. Az eredmények alapján az anyák második gyermek vállalására
vonatkozó terveiben mindkét szülő végzettségének önálló hatása mutatható ki. A
szülői iskolázottság szintje és a második gyermek tervezése között pozitív a
kapcsolat. Legerősebb a felsőfokú végzettség hatása, mely mindkét szülő esetében
növeli a második gyermek tervezésének esélyét. A szakképzettség alacsony szinten
csökkenti, ugyanakkor a magasabb, középfok feletti szinteken növeli a
gyermekvállalási kedvet. Az anyai tervekre az apa legmagasabb iskolai
végzettsége is kimutatható hatással bír. Az eredmények oktatáspolitikai
szempontú értelmezésében kiemelhető a magasabb végzettségi szintek
gyermekvállalásra gyakorolt pozitív hatása, valamint a szakmunkásképzés felé
irányítás potenciálisan kedvezőtlen demográfiai következményeinek
azonosítása.

Summary. The interpretive framework of the study is the interaction
between demographic trends and the education system. Within this, it addresses a
possible demographic consequence of parental education, i.e., its impact on the
planning of having a second child. The analysis is based on the data of Cohort
’18 Growing Up In Hungary, collected among pregnant women by the Hungarian
Demographic Research Institute in 2018 as a part of a Hungarian Birth Cohort
Study. According to the results, the plans of the expecting mothers to have a
second child significantly affected by the educational attainment. As regards
directions, there is a linear positive relationship between the level of
education and the odds of planning a second child. Higher educational background
of both parents shows the strongest effect on the plans. Elementary vocational
training works against planning chances, but upper vocational background
increases the desire to have a second child. Educational attainment of the
partner also has a significant effect on maternal childbearing plans. From the
point of view of educational policy, the positive effect of higher education
degree on having children can be highlighted. Potentially unfavorable
demographic consequences of the direction towards vocational training can be
also highlighted by the results.
Biophilic design as a new approach in urban sustainability
Authors: Radha Chro Hama
Published: October 2021

Despite the clear benefits of maintaining a human relationship with nature, people increasingly live in urban settings. As a result of urbanization, numerous urban communities are confronting social and natural problems, which have genuinely compromised residents’ wellbeing and health. Thus, holistic planning and designing are needed to tackle these problems, integrating nature-based thinking into urban environmental development. The aim of this paper is to explore components of a sustainable city and biophilic design patterns and analyze the relationship between them. Finally, the conceptual model of a sustainable city has been proposed based on biophilic design approaches.
Contribution to the knowledge of the beetle fauna (Insecta, Coleoptera) of Malta: new records of seven species with supporting DNA barcodes
Authors: Mifsud Clare Marie , Vella Noel , Vella Adriana
Published: October 2021

We report the presence of seven species of Coleoptera newly found on the Maltese Islands in the central Mediterranean. The first species records from the Maltese Islands include: Ancylopus melanocephalus (Olivier, 1808) (Endomychidae), Aplidia transversa (Fabricius, 1801) (Scarabaeidae), Cercyon quisquilius (Linnaeus, 1761) (Hydrophilidae), Hyperaspis duvergeri Fürsch, 1985 (Coccinellidae), Lebia cruxminor (Linnaeus, 1758) (Carabidae), Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston, 1864 (Curculionidae), and Oxytelus sculptus Gravenhorst, 1806 (Staphylinidae). The morphological identification of each newly reported species was also confirmed through DNA barcoding.
I’ve known rivers
Authors: Foster Michèle
Published: October 2021

This article examines the trajectory of a research programme focused on Black women’s language through the lived experiences of the investigator. Using rivers as a metaphor to structure the account, the article mines key incidents in the researcher’s life that have shaped her understanding of and approach to analysing Black women’s discourse.
Conectando problemas, soluções e expectativas: mapeando a literatura sobre análise do desenho de políticas públicas
Authors: Lima Luciana Leite , Aguiar Rafael Barbosa de , Lui Lizandro
Published: October 2021

Resumo: O artigo explora e sistematiza a literatura sobre policy design com o objetivo de fornecer um mapa desse subcampo da policy analysis, identificando os temas que recebem mais e menos atenção e debatendo conceitos e perspectivas. Ao final, delineamos uma agenda de pesquisa. Efetuamos uma revisão semissistemática de 74 documentos selecionados por meio da técnica snowball sampling. Verificamos que o conceito de desenho abarca os elementos: problemas, objetivos, instrumentos, grupos afetados e resultados, que devem exibir conexão lógica - cada qual movimentando um conjunto de recursos analíticos voltados à compreensão do funcionamento das políticas e da produção de resultados sociais. Uma agenda de pesquisa nacional poderia abordar, por exemplo, processos de transferência de desenhos entre governos e a influência dos órgãos de controle nas preferências por determinados tipos de desenhos.
Kennard-Stone method outperforms the Random Sampling in the selection of calibration samples in SNPs and NIR data
Authors: Ferreira Roberta de Amorim , Teixeira Gabriely , Peternelli Luiz Alexandre
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT: Splitting the whole dataset into training and testing subsets is a crucial part of optimizing models. This study evaluated the influence of the choice of the training subset in the construction of predictive models, as well as on their validation. For this purpose we assessed the Kennard-Stone (KS) and the Random Sampling (RS) methods in near-infrared spectroscopy data (NIR) and marker data SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms). It is worth noting that in SNPs data, there is no knowledge of reports in the literature regarding the use of the KS method. For the construction and validation of the models, the partial least squares (PLS) estimation method and the Bayesian Lasso (BLASSO) proved to be more efficient for NIR data and for marker data SNPs, respectively. The evaluation of the predictive capacity of the models obtained after the data partition occurred through the correlation between the predicted and the observed values, and the corresponding square root of the mean squared error of prediction. For both datasets, results indicated that the results from KS and RS methods differ statistically from each other by the F test (P-value < 0.01). The KS method showed to be more efficient than RS in practically all repetitions. Also, KS method has the advantage of being easy and fast to be applied and also to select the same samples, which provides excellent benefits in the following analyses.
Molecular identification of Cryptosporidium baileyi in Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata domesticus) in free-range production systems
Authors: Berriel Lidiane Tavares Duarte , Sudré Adriana Pittella , Santos Helena Lúcia Carneiro , Bomfim Teresa Cristina Bergamo do
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT: Cryptosporidiosis is considered an infection with impact on animal health. It has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, leading to significant economic losses to the poultry industry. This study investigated the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in domestic ducks of family Anatidae (Cairina moschata) from two rustic commercial aviaries located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 315 fecal samples were collected from domestic ducks in two different areas (N=186 in area A and N=129 in area B). The microscopic analysis was conducted using a sugar centrifugal flotation technique for the identification of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts, followed by PCR/sequencing analyses of the partial sequence of the 18S rDNA gene to determine the Cryptosporidium species. Of the 315 samples collected, only 10 (186/5.38%) from area A were positive for Cryptosporidium. The nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analyses identified that all samples were identical (100%) and belonged to Cryptosporidium baileyi species, which is closely related to gastric species and of importance in animal health.
Potato genotypes and environments under potato in the Brazilian Cerrado biome
Authors: Melo Aniela Pilar Campos de , Fernandes Paulo Marçal , Silva-Neto Carlos de Melo e , Souza Eli Regina Barboza de , Melo Ariane Carla Campos de , Seleguini Alexsander
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT: The objective was to estimate the physiological and productive performance of potato genotypes in two organic cultivation systems. Two trials were conducted, being one in a protected and on in an open-field environment. A randomized complete block design with four replicates and five treatments (genotypes ‘Agata’, ‘Atlantic’, ‘BRS Ana’, ‘BRSIPR Bel’ and ‘BRS Clara’) was used. Physiological, productive characteristics and defects associated with tubers were obtained. The protected environment is the most appropriate to produce organic potatoes under the evaluated conditions. Genotypes ‘BRSIPR Bel’ and ‘BRS Ana’ exhibit a high productive potential in organic conditions.
A capacidade institucional do Setor Saúde e a resposta à COVID-19 em perspectiva global
Authors: Costa Nilson do Rosário , Silva Paulo Roberto Fagundes da , Lago Marcos Junqueira do , Jatobá Alessandro
Published: October 2021

Resumo O artigo analisa o Índice da Segurança Sanitária Global (ISSG) à luz das respostas nacionais ao primeiro ciclo da pandemia da COVID-19. O ISSG classifica a capacidade dos países no enfrentamento dos riscos biológicos graves. O artigo examina os dados da pandemia de 50 países para avaliar o poder preditivo do ISSG. A ausência da vacinação determinou difusão da COVID-19 no primeiro ciclo da pandemia em 2020. Os indicadores dos países são correlacionados e demonstrados por estatística descritiva. A metodologia de aglomeração por clusters agrupa os países segundo a similaridade da composição etária. A principal restrição que pode ser atribuída ao ISSG diz respeito ao privilegiamento das variáveis biomédicas para a mensuração da capacidade institucional. O artigo evidencia que, paradoxalmente, o primeiro ciclo da pandemia teve um impacto significativo nos países teoricamente mais preparados, segundo o ISSG, para controlar a disseminação de doenças e oferecer mais acesso à assistência à saúde. O artigo assinala que durante o primeiro ciclo da pandemia, o setor saúde dependeu da cooperação dos governos na adoção do distanciamento social. O ISSG não considerou o papel das lideranças políticas que desafiam o risco sanitário severo por veto às medidas de distanciamento social.
Demand for Intensive Care beds and patient classification according to the priority criterion
Authors: Nassiff Aline , Menegueti Mayra Gonçalves , Araújo Thamiris Ricci de , Auxiliadora-Martins Maria , Laus Ana Maria
Published: October 2021

Objective: to assess the demand for Intensive Care Unit beds as well as the classification of the patients for admission, according to the priority system. Method: a retrospective and cross-sectional study, developed from January2014 to December2018 in two Intensive Care Units for adults of a university hospital. The sample consisted of the requests for vacancies according to the priority system(scale from 1 to 4, where 1 is the highest priority and 4 is no priority), registered in the institution’s electronic system. Results: a total of 8,483 vacancies were requested, of which 4,389(51.7%) were from unitB. The highest percentage in unitA was of Priority2 patients(32.6%); and Priority1 was prevalent in unitB(45.4%). The median lead time between request and admission to unitA presented a lower value for priority1 patients(2h57) and a higher value for priority4 patients(11h24); in unitB, priority4 patients presented shorter time(5h54) and priority3 had longer time(11h54). 40.5% of the requests made to unitA and 48.5% of those made to unitB were fulfilled, with 50.7% and 48.5% of these patients being discharged from the units, respectively. Conclusion: it is concluded that the demand for intensive care beds was greater than their availability. Most of the patients assisted were priorities1 and2, although a considerable percentage of those classified as priorities3 and4 is observed.
Global functionality and associated factors in the older adults followed by Home Care in Primary Health Care
Authors: Predebon Mariane Lurdes , Ramos Gilmara , Pizzol Fernanda Laís Fengler Dal , Santos Naiana Oliveira dos , Paskulin Lisiane Manganelli Girardi , Rosset Idiane
Published: October 2021

Objective: to analyze the association of global functionality with the main functional systems and the sociodemographic variables of older adults followed by Home Care in Primary Health Care. Method: a cross-sectional study with 124 older people developed through home interviews. Functionality was assessed by Basic Activities of Daily Living (Barthel) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (Lawton and Brody); the main functional systems were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Exam, by the Timed Up and Go test, by the Geriatric Depression Scale (15 items), and questionnaire with sociodemographic variables. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were applied (Poisson Regression). Results: 46% of the older adults showed moderate/severe/total dependence for basic activities and instrumental activities had a median of 12. In the multivariate analysis, there was an association between moderate/severe/total dependence on basic activities with cognitive decline (p=0.021) and bedridden/wheelchair users (p=0.014). Regarding the dependence on instrumental activities, there was an association with age ≥80 years (p=0.006), single/divorced marital status (p=0.013), cognitive decline (p=0.001), bedridden/wheelchair (p=0.020), and Timed Up and Go ≥20 seconds (p=0.048). Conclusion: the decline in cognitive and mobility was associated with poor functionality in basic and instrumental activities. The findings highlight the need to monitor Home Care for these individuals and serve as guidelines for health actions.
Nursing intervention to meet the family members’ needs during the surgery waiting time
Authors: Fuentes-Ramirez Alejandra , Laverde-Contreras Olga Lucia
Published: October 2021

Objective: to assess the effect of a care intervention focused on meeting the needs of family members of surgical patients during the surgery waiting time, when compared to conventional care. Method: a study with a quasi-experimental design that was developed from December 2019 to February 2020 and included 313 family members (Intervention Group=149 and Control Group=164) from a private hospital. The intervention consisted in four moments: “knowing the surgical environment and process”, “information when the surgery starts”, “information when the surgery ends”, and “family-patient reunion”. The “satisfaction” variable was assessed through the “Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire” instrument. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The study observed the ethical principles in research. Results: the family members in the Intervention Group presented greater satisfaction with Nursing care, 90.07(9.8), when compared to the Comparison Group, 78.72(16.38), with an 11.35-point increase(p=0.000). Conclusion: the results showed that the families that received the intervention on the patient’s status during the surgery waiting time were more satisfied with Nursing care in comparison to the conventional intervention.
Ecotoxicological effects of commercial herbicides on the reproductive system of aquatic arthropod Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae)
Authors: Souza A. M. , Maciel J. C. , Barroso G. M. , Silva R. S. , Garraffoni A. R. S. , Neves C. A. , Soares M. A. , Santos J. B.
Published: October 2021

Abstract Worldwide, conventional agriculture makes extensive use of pesticides. Although the effects of herbicides are relatively well known in terms of environmental impacts on non-target organisms, there is very little scientific evidence regarding the impacts of herbicide residues on aquatic arthropods from tropical conservation areas. This study evaluates for the first time the toxicity of the herbicides ametryn, atrazine, and clomazone on the aquatic insect Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). The lethal concentration (LC50) of herbicides was evaluated for these insects, as well as the effect of the herbicides on the insects’ tissues and testicles. The estimated LC50 was 1012.41, 192.42, and 46.09 mg/L for clomazone, atrazine, and ametryn, respectively. Spermatocyte and spermatid changes were observed under the effect of atrazine, and effects on spermatogenesis were observed for some concentrations of clomazone, with apparent recovery after a short time. Our results provide useful information on the effects of herbicide residues in aquatic systems. This information can help minimize the risk of long-term reproductive effects in non-target species that have been previously overlooked in ecotoxicology studies.
Fatores determinantes para o acesso à informação por produtores de hortaliças na região sul de Moçambique
Authors: Zidora César Benites Mário , Rocha Jr Weimar Freire da , Santoyo Alain Hernández , Uribe-Opazo Miguel Angel
Published: October 2021

Resumo: A informação na agricultura é relevante, pois mantém o produtor conectado a acontecimentos de natureza produtiva e comercial. O objetivo do artigo é identificar e analisar os fatores determinantes para o acesso à informação por produtores de hortaliças na região sul de Moçambique. A pesquisa foi explicativa, descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, quantitativa, de natureza aplicada e de cunho primário e secundário. Para a coleta de dados em campo, aplicaram-se questionários a 384 produtores rurais que produzem e comercializam hortaliças, escolhidos aleatoriamente em uma amostragem probabilística estratificada. A pesquisa ocorreu entre fevereiro e junho de 2019, e a análise de dados foi descritiva e econométrica por meio do modelo logit binário. Como resultado, o perfil dos produtores foi de pessoas com idade entre 19 e 85 anos, dos quais 50% não tinham formação escolar, formado por 46% de homens e 54% de mulheres que cultivavam em pequenas áreas de forma intensiva. As variáveis explicativas estatisticamente significativas e determinantes para o acesso à informação foram: idade; pertence a uma cooperativa/associação de produtores; experiência na produção; satisfação com o retorno financeiro; assistência técnica; acesso ao crédito; rendimento produzido por safra; uso de telefone na negociação; forma usada para comercializar a produção; e gestão da produção.
INFLUÊNCIAS EXTERNAS COMO ATIVOS OU PASSIVOS NA ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DOS ESTUDANTES
Authors: Almeida Luana Costa
Published: October 2021

Resumo O artigo examina entrevistas semiestruturadas com sujeitos de diferentes segmentos de quatro escolas, eleitas por contraste, problematizando as influências externas como ativos ou passivos na trajetória escolar dos estudantes. Revela que tanto a influência da família quanto a do bairro são percebidas como potencializadoras ou não de um maior aproveitamento da oportunidade educacional disponível. Passando pelos modelos de socialização no bairro, recursos materiais disponíveis no lar, exposição ao risco de violência e possibilidade de vivência de atividades extraescolares como elementos que atuam como ativos ou passivos, os entrevistados indicam desde a organização familiar, especialmente o acompanhamento escolar provido por ela, até a infraestrutura do bairro como aspectos a serem considerados.
¿POR QUÉ PERMANECEN LOS DOCENTES PRINCIPIANTES EN LAS ESCUELAS CHILENAS?
Authors: Sacco Alessandra Díaz
Published: October 2021

Resumen La investigación profundiza en la experiencia de permanencia de nueve profesores principiantes chilenos de educación secundaria que se desempeñan en escuelas vulnerables. A partir de un enfoque ecológico de la agencia docente y una metodología biográfica narrativa se articulan distintas dimensiones en la comprensión del fenómeno. Se develan cuatro temáticas centrales, a saber: historia de vida, encontrando el origen del sostenimiento y sentido profesional; el vínculo con los estudiantes como raíz de la permanencia; la composición de un contexto escolar como protector y facilitador de la labor docente; y futuros imaginados en educación: propósitos y posibilidades de proyección. Los hallazgos permiten avanzar hacia una comprensión integrada y multidimensional de la permanencia en las escuelas, que provee hilos comunicantes entre dimensiones del ámbito personal de los docentes que se entrelazan con los entornos cotidianos, relacionales y sistémicos en los cuales se despliega la profesión.
ENSINO DE RELAÇÕES RACIAIS NA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO STRICTO SENSU DA ÁREA PÚBLICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Costa João Pedro Moreira , Ribeiro Ana Cláudia , Araújo Klaique Andreia , Miranda Adílio Renê Almeida
Published: October 2021

Resumo O racismo está enraizado na sociedade brasileira, sendo relevante discutir e promover ações antirracistas e de valorização da população negra. O ensino da temática “relações raciais” é importante instrumento para estimular essas ações, principalmente no âmbito dos programas de pós-graduação (PPGs) stricto sensu da área pública no Brasil. Assim, mediante pesquisa estatística-descritiva e análise documental, tais programas foram estudados e concluiu-se que a maioria dos que abordam a temática racial direta e/ou indiretamente em suas disciplinas está ligada às políticas públicas, enquanto o debate é secundarizado na maioria dos PPGs de Administração e Gestão Pública. Ademais, há uma tendência da não obrigatoriedade curricular de disciplinas que fazem referência direta à discussão racial.
OS LOCAIS E OS AGENTES RESPONSÁVEIS PELA EMISSÃO DE PASSAPORTES NO BRASIL E NA FRANÇA: QUESTÕES DE EQUIVALÊNCIA TERMINOLÓGICA
Authors: MOLINARI Milena de Paula , CURTI-CONTESSOTO Beatriz , BABINI Maurizio
Published: October 2021

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta nossas análises sobre os graus de equivalência entre os termos que denominam os locais e os agentes responsáveis pela emissão dos passaportes no Brasil e na França. Para tanto, criamos quatro corpora , sendo dois compostos pela legislação que rege os passaportes nesses países e outros dois com uma bibliografia especializada no assunto em português e em francês. Nesses corpora , identificamos a terminologia a ser estudada. Para estabelecermos os graus de equivalência entre os termos em Português do Brasil (PB) e Francês da França (FF), fundamentamo-nos nos pressupostos teóricos da Terminologia Bilíngue, mais especificamente na proposta de Dubuc (2002) com relação aos graus de equivalência terminológica. Como resultados deste estudo, encontramos três casos de equivalência parcial, dez de equivalência total e onze de vazio de equivalência. A partir desses dados, podemos depreender que, apesar de o passaporte ser um documento que existe tanto no Brasil quanto na França, seu domínio é marcado por questões particulares de cada país que se refletem na terminologia em pauta.