bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation and Prevalence of gastrointestinal Nematodes (tetramers spp.) in domestic pigeons (Columbia livia) in Sheikhupura, Pakistan
Authors: Aziz Ishrat
Published: August 2023

The research was conducted to investigate and estimate the prevalence of
gastrointestinal nematode in pigeons based on qualitative methods:
Simple microscopy and flotation method. Gastrointestinal nematodes were
studied in 76(45 male and 31 female) domestic pigeons belonging to
different breeds captured from different local houses. All birds
appeared to be in good health physically and no noticeable sign of
disease were observed. Faecal samples were collected out by using a box
technique (self generated) from the Shah Colony, Jillani garden road
from Sheikhupura District in April 2023. A total of 13 (male 9 and 4
female) naturally infected domestic pigeons were introduced as a result.
Nematodes are classified as tetramers spp. However 17.1% of the pigeons
were parasitized with tetramers spp. and this investigation also shows
that the prevalence was higher in male pigeons 18% as compared to
female 14.81%. The purpose of this current research was to determine
the prevalence (%) and to investigate the intestinal parasitic
infecting domestic pigeons and also will helpful to the pigeon’s owners
to improve their health status through better control of tetrameres spp.
and provide them with a better hygiene or healthy environment.
Does Internal Audit Quality Improve Firm Performance? The Moderating Effect of Chief Audit Executive Gender
Authors: Dellai Hella
Published: August 2023

This study aims to investigate the association between the quality of the Internal Audit Function (IAF) and firm performance and to examine whether the gender of the Chief Audit Executive (CAE) affects this relationship. Based on a sample of 75 Tunisian-listed companies from 2015 to 2019, the authors use GLS regression methods to analyze the data. The results show that internal audit quality has a positive and significant relationship with firm performance proxied by Tobin's Q. There is also evidence that the presence of a female CAE positively moderates the relationship between internal audit quality and firm performance. This study provides useful insights to regulatory authorities concerning the role of women in the internal audit function in improving the firm's financial performance. Our study is the first to examine the moderating effect of CAE gender on the relationship between internal audit quality and firm performance in the Tunisian context.
The Effectiveness of Microfinance Program on Women’s Empowerment: Location as Moderator
Authors: Hashim Maryam Jameelah , Yusof Mohammad Izzat Naqib , Ramley Nur Dina Athia
Published: August 2023

Women are an engine for economic growth and a value creator for businesses. Though women contribute roughly 40-50% of all small business related in developing countries, they represent fewer than 20% of the world’s landholders, and often their access and control of resources, particularly income, is comparatively lower than that of men. This prevents them from actively driving economic growth and productivity in the business chain. With the help of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM), this study will reach out to the participant of AIM to understand the issue of women’s empowerment. This research focuses on 3 main components: the involvement of microfinance programs, social capital, and training. A survey designed for the participants of AIM was used to gather data from over 375 participants to study the effectiveness of Islamic microfinance in improving women’s empowerment in business. A partial least square-structural equation (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the research model. Subsequently, the research model was validated using Smart PLS 4 and proposed the study hypothesis. The findings confirmed that involvement in microfinance programs, and social capital, except training, positively influenced women’s empowerment in business. Geographical location as moderator was also found to be non-significant towards women’s empowerment.
Examining the Relationship of Customer Satisfaction and Brand Loyalty in Sports Products among University Students
Authors: Bakri Nur Hani Syazwani , Ahmad Mohamad Firdaus , Safwan Nur Syazwani Zulaikha , Dahlan Nur Dalilah , Mohd Azli Norsyazlin Elfira , Ahmad Kafrawi Mohd Huzaimie
Published: August 2023

To stay relevant in this market field, involving technology, many sports brands come forward with features that distinguish them from the other brands. Sports brand companies prioritize consumer demand to maintain the relevance of their products in the market. They emphasize customer satisfaction and brand loyalty, as these factors directly impact sales outcomes. Sporting goods customers come from diverse backgrounds, and university students significantly contribute to the sales of these products. Therefore, this research investigates the correlation between the contentment of customers and their loyalty toward sports brands within the context of university students. The quantitative approach using a survey design was used to conduct this study. A total of 361 university students were involved in this study. The data for this study were collected using a series of questionnaires containing 26 items that assess customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. The statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson Correlation analysis test. The results indicate a significant and high correlation between customer satisfaction and loyalty toward sports brands. Thus, this study offers valuable insights into customer satisfaction and product loyalty, specifically among university students and recommends that future studies focus on exploring the variations in customer perception towards sports goods based on gender and age.
Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention among Employees in Educity, Johor
Authors: Dahlan Nur Dalilah , Ahmad Mohamad Firdaus , Safwan Nur Syazwani Zulaikha , Bakri Nur Hani Syazwani , Mohd Mokhtar Ummi Kalthum
Published: August 2023

Turnover among employees is a major issue that significantly has an impact on human resource management and organizational success. One of the key aspects of turnover is the loss of valuable knowledge and technical skills, which is particularly prominent in sports organizations. Thus, this study explored the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention in Educity, Johor. The research employed a quantitative design and involved distributing a questionnaire containing 40 items that assessed job satisfaction and turnover intention to 40 employees in Educity, Johor. The findings revealed a clear and negative association between job satisfaction and turnover intention. In other words, employees who are satisfied with their job are less likely to leave the organization. Consequently, the results of this study can be utilized to enhance employee well-being, guide future research, and inform human resource planning and development. It is recommended that policies be improved based on these findings, and further surveys should be conducted with a new sample.
A Review of the Critical Gaps in the Food Security Literature: Addressing Key Issues for Sustainable Development
Authors: Azmi Fadhlur Rahim , Zailani Suhaiza , Roni Mastura
Published: August 2023

This review paper covers important gaps in the knowledge base on food security, which have an impact on world development and cause an estimated 820 million people to suffer from chronic hunger and malnutrition. Food waste, climate change, socioeconomic considerations, agricultural policy, access to wholesome foods, food sovereignty, and food security are some of the major topics covered in the literature. Because of this, ensuring food security is not a straightforward issue that can be resolved by changing a single variable; rather, it necessitates the combination of numerous multidisciplinary approaches. Therefore, the goal of this study is to pinpoint the major gaps in the literature, such as a lack of attention to the perspectives of marginalized groups and a lack of investigation into the connections between food security and other global issues. The article offers suggestions for future work, including how to prioritize understudied subjects, incorporate other points of view, and enhance data collection techniques. As a result, it can be a useful starting point for linguists who want to research related topics. This study offers new researchers and practitioners a place to start to learn more about the rapidly, growing field of sustainable food security. Future research can also address these gaps and enhance food security globally for a sustainable future. This will require the participation of new scholars, policymakers, and practitioners.
The Effect of HRM Practices on Organizational Performance: A Survey of Malaysian State Sports Councils’ Employees
Authors: Safwan Nur Syazwani Zulaikha , Ahmad Mohamad Firdaus , Abdullah Muhammad Syukri
Published: August 2023

Organizational performance can be evaluated through the effectiveness of human resource management (HRM) practices implemented in the organization. However, the problem of improper and misguided implementation of HRM practices causes conflict between employees and organizations, influencing organizational performance. This study examines the effect between HRM practices and organizational performance among Malaysian State Sports Councils’ (MSSC) employees by adapting the Social Exchange Theory. This survey involved a total of 280 MSSC employees. This research instrument consists of 35 items that measure HRM practices and organizational performance. Data were analyzed using regression analysis. Based on the findings, there is a significant and direct effect between HRM practices and organizational performance among MSSC employees. In conclusion, the organization’s excellent structure of HRM practices enables employees to commit to work and perform tasks according to the organizational goals. Future researchers are recommended to extend the sample of study to other sports organizations or other public and private organizations in measuring HRM practices and organizational performance.
WILL ABUSIVE SUPERVISION EFFECTON EMPLOYEE TURNOVER, PERFORMANCE AND COMMITMENT? EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION AS A MEDIATOR
Authors: Antono Joseph , Gonzaga Eunike Yudit , Shaddiqi Ahmad , Wijaya Nikodemus
Published: August 2023

Supervisor behaviors have implications on employee emotion. Ideally, a supervisor can create a conducive working environment that supports the positive psychological states of employees. Emotional exhaustion is one phenomenon that becomes a focus of this study. In this research employee emotion exhaustion can be related to abusive supervision. This study proposes to investigate the relationship among abusive supervision, emotional exhaustion, turnover intention, work performance, and organizational commitment. Emotional exhaustion is treated as a mediator. A total of 161 employees were involved as participants. Results showed that (1) abusive supervision was positively related to emotional exhaustion, (2) emotional exhaustion was positively related to turnover intention, and (3) emotional exhaustion was negatively related to work performance and organizational commitment. In addition, emotional exhaustion could mediate the relationships between the independent variable and the three dependent variables. Contributions of this work are addressed. The limitations of the study were also described.
Phleboliths, not Sialoliths: A Report of Submandibular Gland Arteriovenous Malformation with Numerous Calcifications: Analysis of Cine Images and Literature Review for the 54 Years
Authors: Nozhenko Oleksandr , Savchuk Lilia , Zaritska Valentyna , Snisarevskyi Pavlo , Cherentsova Alla
Published: August 2023

Here, we provide a case report of a 28-year-old woman diagnosed with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the submandibular gland (SMG). A 14 phleboliths were the visualized on the multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) within the AVM and two calcifications were located 7-mm distant from AVM margins. Such AVMs and venous malformations are so-called in the literature as tumor-like vascular formations or “hemangiomas.” Ultrasonography (USG) and non-/post-contrast MSCT, which helped to make a correct pre-operative diagnosis, are presented. In total, in this report the 129 MSCT images are cinematically demonstrated. Also, the present case is enhanced by the pre-/intraoperative images, photographs of the specimen, removed phleboliths, and multiple histopathological images. Based on the literature review for the last 54 years and present case, the 19 cases with SMG malformations/hemangiomas were reported in 18 patients which were published in 15 articles. In one patient, a bilateral SMG venous malformation was reported. At the same time, our case report is a first case study of the SMG AVM with phleboliths that highlights this rare pathology in three videos (as cine loops). Advantages of integration of the cine images into case studies are analyzed. Also, the “submandibular gland-arteriovenous malformation conglomerate” was proposed by our team as a term for description of similar cases.
Language Choice and Attitudes towards French and English: Moroccan High School Students in Consideration
Authors: Slimani Najib , Iguider Jihad
Published: August 2023

This study aims to investigate language choice and language attitudes towards French and English among Moroccan high school students. The Moroccan society is known for its diverse linguistic map which includes both national and foreign languages. For decades, and since colonization, the use of French as the country’s second language has developed to include different domains in society like administration, education, and media. English has remained a foreign language with limited functions. However, currently, the use of English is growing fast in different areas of society and Moroccans are shifting towards favoring English over French. This shift in language choice affects the social behavior besides the social identity of the community. This research seeks to reveal the reasons for this gradual change in language choice and attitudes in Morocco and elicit its social significance. Methodology-wise this research draws on a qualitative case study based on a questionnaire as the major tool for data collection. The findings reveal that the Moroccan high school students are aware of the importance of the English language at the international level and that is what steers their favorable shift towards English.
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound for saphenous vein sparing
Authors: Milleret René , Pichot Olivier , Chapelon Jean-Yves , Lafon Cyril
Published: August 2023

High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) allows delivery of energy through the skin in a minimally invasive way, thus repeated treatments can be performed without too much Inconvenience for the patient.
We present in this paper different options for saving refluxing Saphenous trunks using HIFU.
1 / ULTRASOUND VALVULOPLASTY. Was the first application proposed for venous insufficiency treatment. The aim was to mimic cuffing of the dilated annulus at the level of a valve insertion without any incision or puncture.
2 / ULTRASONIC CHIVA consists in closing short segments of a saphenous trunk or of a tributary by using a heating probe transcutaneously.
3 / Ultrasonic ASVAL is performed using CAVITATION. Microbubbles are generated in the blood.They implode and release mechanical energy able to ablate the endothelium of the vessel for a sclero-like effect. Cavitation does not induce a temperature rise, so the skin will not be damaged.
4 / GLOBAL SHRINKAGE of the dilated vein can be achieved. This reduces the refluxing volume,while preserving a draining saphenous trunk.
What is a deep competitive reflux and why we should study it
Authors: Franceschi Claude
Published: August 2023

Reflux of the GSV is considered the absolute criterion for its incompetence. However, there are 3 specific conditions in which, despite being dilated with all its valves incompetent (destroyed and/or coaptation defect due to excessive dilation of the vein), the GSV does not reflux during diastole of the valvo-muscular pump of the calf. The first of these conditions is what I have called deep competitive reflux, the second is occlusion of the reentry perforators, and the third is dilation due to a compensatory flow by-passing of a deep venous occlusion.
CHIVA strategy in the treatment of venous insufficiency
Authors: Delfrate Roberto
Published: August 2023

The approach to the diagnosis and treatment of venous insufficiencies involves two opposing attitudes: demolition and conservation of the venous system. CHIVA is based on knowledge of the pathophysiology of venous insufficiency. Through an accurate and standard echo color Doppler investigation, a mandatory method that must be within the capabilities of a modern phlebologist, the causes of the increase in transmural pressure are identified, a map is prepared and finally a therapeutic strategy aimed at normalizing the transmural pressure is planned. CHIVA represents a scientific progress in the approach to venous insufficiency. The CHIVA strategy is applied mainly, but not only, with conservative surgical tactics based on the faithful reproduction of the strategy planned with the cartography. CHIVA respects venous function and seeks to preserve the GSV useful for all arterial surgery needs. Studies performed according to the rules of evidence-based medicine, Cochrane reviews and meta-analyses certify the validity of the CHIVA strategy in the treatment of venous insufficiencies of the lower extremities.
Selective sclerotherapy
Authors: Bernardini Eugenio , Bernardini Marco
Published: August 2023

The concept of selectivity implies a targeted and segmental sclerosis, performed with sclerosing agents with very low concentrations and in limited quantities. This sclerosing agents can be in liquid or foam form depending on the case. The aim of this therapy, by definition cannot be ablative but it must aim at the conservation of both the saphenous veins and their tributaries. Traditional sclerotherapy has uncontrollable and unpredictable effects. The injection in one point causes the formation of a sclerus of variable extension, depending on several factors. For these reasons, selective sclerosis wouldn’t make sense. However, it does when carried out for conservation purposes with an appropriate technique that makes it predictable, controllable and calculable. First of all, it is necessary to carry out a hemodynamic study with a III level Doppler ultrasound examination and then define a therapeutic strategy. Then, it is necessary to identify the vessels that can effectively carry out an adequate work of venous washing and then perform the injection within the phlebo-blocks (Bernardini technique). The injection must be inter-valvular in order not to involve the valves in the sclerotic process. In order not to allow the sclerus to progress beyond the washings incorporating the valves, the post sclerosis selective compression was designed: eccentric, segmental, inter-valvular and between washings. Selective sclerotherapy was performed using the ESEC method (conservative hemodynamic echo-sclerosis), representing one of its cornerstones. Through selective sclerotherapy, exploiting the evolutionary effects of sclerosis, post-recanalization, with a reduced calibre, it is possible obtain a functional recovery of the originally incontinent saphenous and tributaries, preserving the forward flow.
Saphenous sparing treatments: The ASVAL Method
Authors: Pittaluga Paul
Published: August 2023

The ASVAL method is based on a bottom-up concept of the evolution of venous disease from the tributaries to the saphenous axes, as opposed to the traditional top-down theory where reflux, conversely, appears first on the saphenous axes and then spreads to the tributaries.
The bottom-up evolution has led to a change in treatment paradigm, no longer based on effective suppression of saphenous reflux, but on reversibility of the latter by ablation of the varicose tributaries, eliminating the filling effect at the origin of the hemodynamic disturbance.
As the ASVAL strategy has its limits, depending on the stage of progression of saphenous damage, it is necessary to establish the indications where it can be applied, before the saphenous vein is irreversibly damaged (diameter larger than 8 mm, multiple ectasia, extended reflux above and below knee), or the clinical staged too advanced (skin changes). Various authors have reported on these criteria for applying the ASVAL method in the right indications considering hemodynamic data (ostial reflux, extent of truncal reflux), anatomical data (saphenous diameter, reflux location, volume of varicose reservoir) and clinical data (age, nulliparity, trophic disorders, presence of symptoms).
Complications and side effects are limited if the indications and principles of the miniphlebectomy technique are respected.
All the cohort studies reported show that after treatment using the ASVAL method (removal of varicose tributaries and ad integrum respect for the saphenous vein), reflux abolition is achieved in between 50% and 80% of cases, depending on the patients selected. Above all, these studies show that improvement in symptoms and quality of life is systematic, whatever the result on the saphenous vein. A recent randomized controlled trial shows that endovenous laser and ASVAL are clinically equivalent, with a cost/effectiveness ratio in favor of ASVAL.
In conclusion, The ASVAL method leads to an alternative concept of an ascending or multifocal evolution starting on the epifascial tributaries and enabling to set an individualized “à la carte treatment” since every patient has a different clinical and hemodynamic situation of the disease at the time of treatment, which cannot match to a “one size fits all” that represents the traditional strategy. We have now at our disposal simple tools to evaluate the patients, select the good indications and perform properly the ASVAL method by mini-phlebectomy.
ISLAMISASI MAMBI ABAD 17
Authors: Hasriyodan  , Dahlan  , Susmihara
Published: August 2023

This study aims to reveal the Islamization of Mambi in the 17th century with main focuses. first, the socio-political religious conditions of the Mambi people before the arrival of Islam; second, the pattern of acceptance of Islam in Mambi; third, the contribution of Islam to religious understanding. The authors use historical methods to reveal these historical events, including the following stages: heuristics or data collection, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The approach used in research; is history, politics, religion, and sociology. The results of this study, firstly, the socio-political condition of religion before Islam in Mambi, that the religion that becomes the belief of the community is Mappurondo or Mappurondo. Mappurondo cannot be separated from the social, political, and cultural pre-Islamic Mambi. So Mappurondo is a framework of rules that regulates human procedures in social life. Society in this case is governed by human relations with others, the universe, and the Creator, usually called Dehata. The rules are formulated in Pemali Appa' Randanna (four prohibitions). Pemali Appa' Randanna are rules regarding the four basic elements of the human life cycle. Secondly, the acceptance of Islam in Mambi in the 17th century was brought by a figure who had a very broad understanding of religion. The Mambi people know him by the name Batua Muhammad Adil. Third, the contribution of Islam to religious understanding until now has been abandoned by Pamali Appa' Randanna. Contribution to social politics until now the election of leaders is no longer done in a monarchical manner
Comparison of Physicochemical, Microbiological, and Sensorial Characteristics of Fermented Probiotic Drinks Produced from Corn and Cow Milks
Authors: ÇOMAK GÖÇER Emine Mine , ERGİN ZEREN Firuze , KÜÇÜKÇETİN Ahmet
Published: August 2023

This study was focused on preparing corn milk by boiling corns, and producing fermented probiotic drinks by adding inulin and sugar into this milk as well as producing a probiotic drink from cow's milk. Milks were fermented by using a yogurt starter culture and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5. Fermented probiotic drinks were stored at 4°C for 30 days, and the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensorial characteristics of the drinks were compared during storage. The probiotic drink made from cow's milk exhibited the highest protein (2.25%), titratable acidity (0.46%), L* color (84.41) values and general sensory liking score (4.09) while having the lowest pH (4.46), syneresis (4.50 mL/50 mL) and apparent viscosity (0.09 Pa.s) values. The titratable acidity, syneresis, and apparent viscosity values of drinks increased during storage as the counts of S. thermophilus, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, and L. acidophilus decreased. The power-law model showed that the probiotic drinks exhibited a pseudoplastic flow behavior. Notably, the apparent viscosity value of probiotic drinks produced from corn milk was higher than that of the other samples (p
Aflatoxin M1 Levels in Milk Samples Produced in the Northern Part of Cyprus
Authors: BEREKET Cengiz , GİRGİN Gözde , ŞAHİN Gönül
Published: August 2023

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is formed in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes and can be secreted into the urine, feces, and milk of mammals. AFM1 is a carcinogenic, cytotoxic, teratogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic agent that poses a significant health risk to both humans and animals. This study was conducted to determine the presence of AFM1 in both raw and ultra-high temperature (UHT) cow’s milk samples produced in the northern part of Cyprus, and to determine whether it poses a risk to public health. In this survey, a total of 20 UHT cow’s milk samples from 2 different milk brands produced in the northern part of Cyprus, and 22 raw cow’s milk samples collected from the different dairies were analyzed for the presence of AFM1 by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector after immunoaffinity cleanup. AFM1 could not be detected in any of the analyzed raw and UHT cow milk samples. The LOD and LOQ values of the HPLC-FLD method were 1.038 μg/kg and 3.145 μg/kg, respectively. The mean recovery and repeatability values of the method were 95.6% and 4.9%, respectively. Although the presence of AFM1 in milk samples produced in the northern part of Cyprus poses no major risk to public health, more milk samples and animal feed must be monitored on a regular basis to decrease potential consumer exposure.
Kinetics of Antioxidant Activity and Color Degradation in Tomatoes during Hot Air Drying
Authors: GOKMEN Adeviye Rana , DEMİRAY Engin , TÜLEK Yahya , YILMAZ Yusuf
Published: August 2023

The antioxidant activity (AA) and color degradation were monitored in tomato quarters (Rio Grande) during hot air drying in a cabinet drier at five temperatures (60, 70, 80, 90 and 100°C) at an airflow rate of 0.2 m/s and 20% relative humidity. AA values of fresh tomatoes determined by total phenolic content (TPC), FRAP and DPPH assays were 85.3 mg GAE, 26.2 µmol TE and 31.3 µmol TE/100g dm, respectively. Increasing drying temperature resulted in a reduction in Hunter Lab and a/b color values of tomatoes as well as their AA values. During hot air drying, the degradation of AA and color values of tomatoes followed a first-order reaction. Activation energy values for AA degradation determined by TPC, FRAP and DPPH assays were 24.36, 22.91 and 23.67 kJ/mol, respectively. High correlations were found among the TPC, DPPH and FRAP values and lycopene and β-carotene contents of tomatoes during hot air drying. Degradation kinetic data revealed that color values and tomatoes AA are susceptible to drying temperature.
Gluten Status in Gluten-Free Pastry and Bakery Products Produced in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: MİRAL Yeliz , ÇOBAN DİNÇSOY Ayşen
Published: August 2023

Gluten is a complex protein that forms the basis of bakery products, including pastry products, with its elasticity. Gluten proteins are constituted by gliadin and glutenin. Gliadin, which is in the water-insoluble protein group, is very difficult to digest. Many immune disorders influence a growing number of people in relation to the consumption of wheat flour-based foods. The aim of this study is to determine the status of gluten-free products with the legal limits of the gluten-free products sold in pastry shops and bakeries in Istanbul, Turkey. Ninety samples in total including gluten-free bread, cakes, cookies, snacks, and cereals were collected from various regions of Istanbul in November 2020. The samples obtained were examined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) for the presence of gluten. As a result, the presence of gluten was found to be lower than 5 ppm in 61 samples (67.7%), between 5-20 ppm in 8 samples (8.8%), and 20 ppm and above in 21 samples (23%). Within the scope of Turkish Food Codex Regulation on Food Labeling and Consumer Information Number 29960, some foods were inappropriate products which offered to consumption as gluten-free in patisseries and bakeries. It could be thought that risks might be reduced to the maximum extent with hygiene and sanitation training in food businesses, analysis in terms of gluten in raw materials and final products, control of contamination from raw materials, personnel and environment during the production phase, and gluten analysis at critical points.
Trabzon Ekmeği Ekşi Hamurlarının Bazı Fizikokimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özellikleri
Authors: YURTTAŞ Merve , ŞAHİN Nevzat , ÇON Ahmet
Published: August 2023

Ekşi hamur ekmeği ülkemizde laktik asit bakterileri ve mayaların görev aldığı fermantasyon yöntemiyle üretilen geleneksel bir ekmek çeşididir. Fermantasyon boyunca ekşi hamur ekmeğinin teknolojik özellikleri gelişmekte, karakteristik tat ve aroması oluşmaktadır. Mineral biyoyararlanımı artan, raf ömrü uzayan ve glisemik indeksi düşen ekşi hamur ekmeği tüketici tarafından arzu edilen ekmek özelliğini taşımaktadır. Sonuçta, ekşi hamur ekmeğinin üretimi her geçen gün yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; yaz ve kış döneminde Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz bölgelerinden elde edilen 54 adet ekşi hamur örneğinin bazı fizikokimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Örneklerin pH değerinin 3.30-5.43, asitlik derecesi, toplam asitlik, kuru madde ve kül içeriklerinin sırasıyla 2.50-20.50, %0.23-1.79, %49.05-65.91 ve %0.34-0.95 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Ekşi hamur örneklerinin laktik asit (LAB), toplam aerobik mezofilik bakteri (TAMB) ve maya sayısı sırasıyla 3.65-8.97 log KOB/g, 4.19-7.20 log KOB/g, 4.17-7.52 log KOB/g olarak belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin asitlik ve pH düzeylerinin yöresel, mevsimsel ve fırınlar arasında önemli farklılıklara sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mikroorganizma sayısı, kuru madde ve kül miktarları analiz edilen örneklerin bu değerler bakımından fırınlar arasında önemli farklılıklara sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz bölgelerinde ekşi hamur ekmeği üretiminde standardizasyonun olmadığını göstermektedir.
Preconcentration of Cr(III) Using Dowex 50WX2-200 Resin and Its Application to River Water
Authors:   Magister Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, 30662 Indonesia, Nuraini Siti , Suheryanto Suheryanto , Hariani Poedji Loekitowati
Published: August 2023

Cr(III) is one of the most stable chromium species in nature, Cr(III) species are not carcinogenic to humans, but if the levels in the body exceed 0.2 mg / day it is very dangerous for the body especially in the respiratory tract. The presence of chromium in the aquatic environment is so low that it is very difficult to detect it using instruments with various limitations to detect it, therefore preconcentration techniques are carried out to overcome the issue. In this study the water sample was adjusted pH using HNO3 0.1 M or NaOH 0.1 M, after which it was passed in the dowex column 50WX2-200. Furthermore, an elution process was carried out using the 1 M HNO3 eluent, the eluat was measured for absorbance with flame AAS. The results of Cr(III) preconcentration optimization are: resin weight 0.5 g, HNO3 eluent concentration 1 M, solution pH 3 and sample volume 50 – 100 mL. The Cr(III) preconcentration technique using Dowex 50WX2-200 resin has been applied to river water samples with a detectable concentration of 0.0075 mg/L.
Preparation of Zirconium Nitride supported on SiO2 Catalyst for Vegetable Oil Conversion
Authors:   Magister Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indralaya 30662, Indonesia, Asri Wan Ryan , Hasanudin Hasanudin , Wijaya Karna
Published: August 2023

Hydrocracking of crude palm oil (CPO) to produce biofuels was conducted over zirconium nitride supported on SiO2 (SiO2/ZrN) catalyst. SiO2/ZrN was prepared by nitriding the SiO2/Zr at 600 C for 3 hrs under NH3 gas on the cylindrical reactor. SiO2/ZrN exhibited a surface acidity of 0.7132 mmol pyridine g‒1 with a surface area of 96 m2 g‒1, forming predominant mesopores on the catalyst. EDS- mapping analysis showed that the ZrN species exhibited a highly distributed on the SiO2 surface. CPO hydrocracking was conducted at a temperature of 500 C for 1 hr, with a CPO flow rate of 0.02 L min‒1 and H2 flow rate of 0.03 L min‒1. The study revealed that the SiO2/ZrN successfully afforded a CPO conversion up to 94.98 wt.%, a liquid yield of 50.40 wt.%, with a low residue and coke formation. This catalyst promoted high selectivity towards bio-jet up to 72.95 wt.%.
Studi Keragaman dan Kekerabatan Padi Lokal Asal Kabupaten Siak Berdasarkan Karakter Kualitatif
Authors: Isnaini Isnaini , Silvina Fetmi , Mora Nur Fadila
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the diversity accessions of Siak Regency’s local rice. The study was conducted for six months, from May to October 2018 at Experimental Garden of Agriculture Faculty, Riau University. This study used descriptive qualitative analysis method based on agronomic and morphological characters, as well as characterization activities on 21 local rice accessions. There are 10 morphological characters with low diversity, such as the surface, leaf surface, leaf tongue shape, leaf neck color, leaf ear color, leaf book color, leaf tongue color, grain tip color and the color of the pistil. There are five morphological characters with rather low diversity, such as the presence of lemmapalea hair, the color of stem segments, the color of leaf blades, panicle shaft and vigor. There are five morphological characters with quite high diversity, such as yellowing of leaves, panicle discharge, panicle type, secondary panicle branches and leaf midrib color also three morphological characters with high diversity, such as lemmapalea color, grain tip fur and grain tip fur color. While the agronomic character with a rather low diversity is vigor and there are three characters with quite high diversity, such as the stiffness of stem, yellowing of leaves and panicle discharge.

Keywords: Agronomy, diversity, local rice, morphology.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Selada (Lactuca Sativa L.) pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Nutrisi AB Mix dengan Sistem Hidroponik Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)
Authors: Novia Yolla , Ezward Chairil , Seprido Seprido
Published: August 2023

Lettuce is a leaf vegetable that is popular with the public. The increase and potential of lettuce cultivation requires efficient cultivation techniques. The production of a plant with a hydroponic system is closely related to the availability of a nutrient solution. This study aims to determine the growth response and yield of lettuce plants at various concentrations of AB-Mix nutrients with the NFT system. The design used in this study was a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of one factor, namely AB-Mix nutrition with 4 treatment levels, namely: K1 (850 ppm), K2 (1,050 ppm), K3 (1,250 ppm), K4 (1,450 ppm). Based on the results of the study, giving AB-Mix nutrient concentrations had a significant effect on the best plant height parameters with K4 treatment (1,450 ppm) with height (28.18 cm), number of leaves (9.61 strands), plant weight (43.47 grams), and consumption weight (38.27 grams).
Entendendo a demência
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo Barcelos , Aguiar Carlos Clayton Torres
Published: August 2023

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Dermatophytosis in Bovine, Recent Clinical analysis, Treatment, and updated zoonotic infection: A Review Article
Authors: Shihab Thamer Jaddoa , Ibrahim Zainab Ismail , Jumma Qusai Saleh , Khorsheed Hassan H.
Published: August 2023

Dermatophytosis is a worldwide disease caused by pathogenic keratinolytic fungi known as dermatophytes inside the cutaneous layer of both cattle and human skin. are divided into three categories: Microsporum species, Epidermophyton species, and Trichophyton species. Infected animals develop skin lesions with a thick, grey-white crust that rises above the skin approximately 3cm in diameter or more. The back, head, and perineum are the only places where lesions are localized; otherwise, the body is covered with them, with severe cases coalescing. Trichophyton verrucosum has the greatest prevalence in bovines. Many have also reviewed new herbal extract that has been employed as a substitute therapy for fungus activity (fungicide or fungistatic) in several non-filamentous and filamentous fungi species typically identified in veterinary clinical practice. This review aims to understand the acquired and innate responses briefly, and discovered the recent technique in the detection of fungi, with treatment by chemical, extract herbal plant, and incidence by chief causal fungal species, and the final method that increases the risk of zoonotic infections between bovine and human.
Effect of Fenugreek seeds on nutrient digestibility and some blood parameters in Awassi rams
Authors: Aljumaily Mwaffuk H. A. , Shamoon Sabah A.
Published: August 2023

Results a significant decrease in dry matter (72.62%) and organic matter (72.76) digestibility in the 2nd treatment as compared with the other treatments, for organic matter respectively . Results also showed that fenugreek seeds had significant effect on ether extract but no effect on organic matter digestibility. It was noted significantly decrease in group fed on ration contained 6% on fenugreek seeds as compared with other treatments. moreover significant in fiber digestibility in group fed ration contained 6, 12 and 15% of fenugreek seeds as compared with other groups.

Significant (P<0.05) increase in blood glucose as fenugreek seeds levels increased in the rations accept the group fed on ration contained 3, 9% of fenugreek seeds. Triglyceride levels was significantly increase while cholesterol for decreased in the 4th, 5th and 6th treatments as compared with the other treatments. It was noted significant increase in total protein in control group and the 1st, 4th and 6th  as compared with the other group . However there was no significant differences there is no albumin treatment. Blood urea was significantly (P<0.05) increase in 2nd, 3th, 4th, 5th, and 6th group as compared with 1st group.
Compressor and Valve Control Performance Implications on Active Flow Control Aircraft
Authors: Mansy Abdalrahman , Faruque Imraan A.
Published: August 2023

This study presents the feasibility of implementing commercial-off-the-shelf reciprocating piston compressors for a developed active flow control (AFC) actuation framework to quantify the aerospace relevant performance ramifications of control architecture and compressor operational choices. Three architectures are studied: supply valve metering, exit area metering, and a combined approach. All concepts are studied under varying compressor operation schedules. The analysis framework in this study integrates internal pneumatic actuation and discharge dynamics, an experimentally calibrated compressor pressure and thermal dynamics model, three feedback control architectures, and flight dynamics models. The framework is implemented in simulation to provide a user-friendly tool for linking AFC architecture choices to achievable flight trajectories. Actuator performance is evaluated using actuation time, output, compressor duty cycle, and specific energy consumption. Aircraft tracking performance is evaluated as usable time and slalom centerline deviation. The analysis indicates that a supply-volume-based metering approach is comparatively inefficient concerning an exit-area-based metering, resulting in high flight tracking error. Exit area metering provides the best efficiency and run time with some structural drawbacks, while the combined approach provides the best flight tracking performance at the expense of additional complexity. These results inform the choice of onboard AFC hardware choices.
High-Frequency Pulsed Coaxial Injectors for High-Speed Flow Mixing and Control
Authors: Solomon John T. , Lockyer Rhys , Jones Tailor , Kreth Phillip
Published: August 2023

Efficient and controlled mixing of fuel with fast-moving air is a challenging physical problem relevant to hypersonic systems. Although mixing happens at the molecular level through diffusion, the macroscopic phenomenon such as entrainment and vorticity dynamics resulting from the shear layer instabilities of the mixing fluids play a significant role in the overall efficiency of the process. With a focus on improving mixing at extreme flow conditions, this paper presents a fundamental study of a novel, high-speed, pulsed coflow system integrated with ultrahigh-frequency actuators (11–20 kHz). This injection system consists of a supersonic actuation air jet at the inner core that provides large mean and fluctuating velocity profiles in the shear layers of a fluid stream injected surrounding the core through an annular nozzle, with pulsing occurring at a designated frequency. The high-frequency streamwise vortices and shockwaves tailored to the mean flow significantly enhanced supersonic flow mixing between the fluids compared to a steady coaxial configuration operating at the same input pressure. Experiments also indicate a strong connection between the frequency and unsteady amplitude of the actuation jet to the supersonic flow mixing phenomenon. This paper reports the design details of the injector assembly and flow mixing characteristics captured using phase-locked microschlieren and planar laser-induced fluorescence techniques.
Uma emoção guia a cena: uma leitura do medo e da esperança nas Troianas de Sêneca
Authors: Felicio Ana Azevedo Bezerra
Published: August 2023

Este artigo pretende verificar como se dá a presença das emoções na peça senequiana As Troianas, bem como compreender sua possível relação com a filosofia do mesmo autor, segundo o qual as emoções envolvem uma avaliação de aspectos do mundo (De Ira 2.1). Nesse sentido, chamaremos a atenção para duas reações afetivas específicas: a esperança (spes) e o medo (metus, timor). Ao longo de nossa leitura da peça, propomo-nos a dar destaque a passagens que evidenciam as emoções em suas diversas expressões levando em conta os seus efeitos no desenvolver da trama e na construção dos personagens senequianos. Se considerarmos a teoria senequiana das emoções enquadrada dentro das teorias antiemocionalistas (“anti-emotionalist”, Kazantzidis e Spatharas 2018) encontradas nos escritos éticos estoicos, é de se perguntar como a possível presença desses preceitos na poesia senequiana afetaria a nossa leitura e a audiência de Troades. Como resultado, constata-se que considerar a compreensão estoica e especialmente senequiana das emoções – ou seja, o modo como o elemento racional funciona como parte da concepção senequiana de emoção – é relevante para precisamente compreender a complexidade de algumas cenas de As Troianas e entender como as emoções estoicas podem funcionar na tragédia de Sêneca.
Espanto ou maravilhamento (thauma) na Ifigênia em Táuris de Eurípides
Authors: Werner Christian
Published: August 2023

Este artigo investiga como Eurípides, em Ifigênia em Táuris, utiliza uma afecção estética que, em grego, desde os testemunhos supérstites mais antigos, foi sobretudo identificada pelo termo thauma e que abrange o que se concebe como “admiração”, “espanto” e “maravilhamento”. Partindo-se do tratamento da estrutura desse afeto em Pseudo-Longino, ele próprio ancorado em poetas e teóricos gregos do período clássico e arcaico, o foco aqui é discutir, de um lado, como já em Eurípides a estrutura dessa afecção é explorada por meio de certos termos e fenômenos (ekplēxis, apistos, muthos, reconhecimento) que foram sendo definidos como centrais em discussões epistemológicas, estéticas e poéticas em autores como Platão e Aristóteles, e, de outro lado, como essa tragédia configura a ambiguidade da afecção, em particular, em sua relação com a matéria mesma do espetáculo trágico, o muthos.
Potenciais riscos à saúde associados ao consumo de suplementos alimentares e a importância do Nutricionista na orientação nutricional
Authors: Gabbay Rafaelle Dias , Lobato Talita Ariane Amaro
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Verificar os potenciais riscos à saúde que podem ser causados pelo consumo de suplementos alimentares especialmente o Whey Protein,Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAA), Creatina e Cafeína bem como evidenciar a importância do Nutricionista na orientação nutricional e prescrição desses produtos. Revisão bibliográfica: A utilização de suplementos alimentares para fins estéticos por praticantes de atividade física tem aumentado cada vez mais.  O presente estudo mostrou que tanto o Whey Protein, quanto o BCAA, a creatina e a cafeína, quando consumidos em excesso ou sem orientação adequada, podem causar riscos à saúde como a presença de acne, disfunção renal, irritação, insônia, retenção hídrica, danos hepáticos, alteração da microbiota intestinal, entre outros. Considerações finais: Quando ingerido de forma inadequada, os suplementos alimentares podem causar diversos danos à saúde, sendo o nutricionista um dos profissionais responsáveis pela prescrição de suplementos alimentares e que possui um papel muito importante na indicação correta dessas substâncias. Além disso, mais estudos são necessários relacionando o consumo desses produtos e seus potenciais efeitos adversos em seres humanos.
Designing an English Coursebook for Senior Executive Administrative Assistants for English Department Students Based on Indonesian National Work Competency Standards (SKKNI)
Authors: Imron Azami Mochamad , Rahmawati Noni Mia
Published: August 2023

Designing a comprehensive course book for English for Business is a challenging endeavor that requires a deep understanding of the unique linguistic and professional needs of learners. In the rapidly evolving landscape of international business communication, educators and instructional designers face a lot of obstacles that must be addressed in order to create a truly effective and relevant course book. This study aims to create a coursebook for an English for Business class based on SKKNI in the scheme of executive administrative assistants. The instructor must construct their own coursebook because SKKNI does not give references. Most studies, however, claimed that generating ESP content is challenging due to a lack of sources, assistance, and a national curriculum. Theoretically, this research is based on Borg and Gall's RnD steps, and just 5 steps have been chosen to conduct this research. The researchers conducted expert validation to evaluate the coursebook and administered a questionnaire to students. The coursebook was judged good (73%) by expert validators with some revisions and 79% by students with several features needing improvement in various categories such as typeface, illustration, and mistyped words.