bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEW BUSINESS STRATEGIES FORMATION OF ENTERPRISES AND OUTSOURCING DEVELOPMENT AS A CONDITION FOR INCREASING COMPETITIVENESS IN THE MARKETS OF EUROPE AND UKRAINE: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Khalatur Svitlana , Kuprina Nataliia , Kurbatska Larysa
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the need for the formation of new business strategies of enterprises and the development of outsourcing as a condition for increasing competitiveness in the markets of Europe and Ukraine. The subject of research is the process of forming new business strategies of enterprises and the development of outsourcing as a condition for increasing competitiveness in the markets of Europe and Ukraine. Methodology. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the theory of systems, the theory of economic development, scientific developments of foreign and domestic models on the business strategy formation of enterprises, economic development of European countries. General scientific and special methods were used to achieve a specific goal, in particular: the methods of economic and financial analysis; statistical and economic method, including comparison, as well as the graphical method. Conclusion. Thus, in the context of globalization, all countries and their businesses are looking for new forms of international cooperation, including outsourcing. The effectiveness of outsourcing business strategies is confirmed by global practice, which shows that currently more than half of European companies use outsourcing in their activities. There is a unique opportunity for Ukraine and its regions to take advantage of international outsourcing due to the possible positioning in today's market both as a provider of outsourcing services and as a customer. In the first case, this can be achieved through an attractive ratio of high skills and low wages, a satisfactory level of infrastructure development, and in the second case – by getting access to cheaper or rare resources, new technologies, best business practices, which forms the basis for the transition of Ukrainian enterprises to innovative development. Outsourcing is an effective way of doing business, given the benefits and opportunities that the customer company receives when using it. The business model of innovative outsourcing is an important direction of modern business development in the global marketplace. Nowadays, personnel outsourcing is an effective tool for improving the performance of any enterprise, taking into account the above-mentioned advantages and limitations that the customer receives in their application. However, outsourcing should not be considered a universal tool for solving issues and problems of enterprises, as there are tasks that can not be entrusted to independent professionals. Any business strategy of the enterprise must be consistent with the probable risks.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF CAPITALIZATION OF CORPORATE ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF THE EVALUATION MECHANISM
Authors: Zaіtseva Lіudmуla , Sieriebriak Kseniia
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the approach to determining the level of capitalization of corporate enterprises on the basis of the evaluation mechanism. In accordance with the set goal the following tasks were solved: to evaluate the possibility of applying the existing approaches to the capitalization assessment, to substantiate the approach to the capitalization assessment of the enterprise taking into account the factors of assessment quality, and to determine the ways of increasing the capitalization of corporate enterprises. Methodology. The methodological component of the study is the cost approach to assessing the capitalization of an enterprise. The proposed approach is based on the integration of private assessments of the enterprise value, including the use of financial statements, which makes it possible to identify areas to increase the level of capitalization at the expense of the enterprise's own efficiency. The method of dialectical approach in understanding the economic essence of enterprise capitalization through its general and specific functions, determining the directions of efficiency and tools to increase the capitalization of the enterprise. The results of assessing the level of corporate companies' capitalization serve as an information base for making managerial decisions on the choice of sources of increasing the market value in the future. Practical implications. The study used the method of comparison and generalization in assessing the level of capitalization of the enterprise. The information base of the study are scientific developments of Ukrainian and foreign authors on the assessment of the level of capitalization of the enterprise, the materials of Ukrainian stock exchanges and official publications of financial statements of PJSC "Ukrnafta", PJSC "Turboatom". Value / originality. The proposed capitalization assessment model takes into account the factors of quality assessment and makes it possible to form an information platform for investors on forecasts of return on invested capital and risk on their shares.
Change in Adaptability of Residential Architecture: Spatial Analysis on Traditional and Contemporary Houses of Bangladesh
Authors: Das Subrata , Rahman Md Arifur , Hossain Muhammad Shafayet
Published: November 2021

This study focused on spatial analysis to identify the changes in adaptability over the last five decades. The features influencing adaptability were selected from the reference study. An appropriate method was used to analyse these features through spatial analysis. Six distinctive typologies of rural houses were selected from six regions. Unlike the traditional houses, the contemporary houses in the same area reflected a different character. Urban houses built since the early and mid-20th century were compared with contemporary houses. After analysing the openness, generality, flexibility, depth, typicality, construction technique, involvement of end-users, and the feedback from the inhabitants, the study identified a significant decrease in contemporary houses' adaptability. Spatial analysis was used to quantify the different features and compare between traditional and contemporary houses. Though the adaptability had been reduced over time, the latest houses started to achieve better flexibility in some features due to government policy and implementation of statutory building regulations. Further recommendations were provided to enhance the residential architecture's adaptability in future. The study samples were selected from different regions of Bangladesh. Still, the result and policy recommendations can be helpful for other countries, especially with high population density and a developing economy.
Structural and semantic features of Ob-Ugric verbs with preverbs χŏλt / χɔλt / χɔś / χɔt
Authors:   Ob-Ugric Institute of Applied Researches and Development, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, Solovar V. N.
Published: November 2021

Introduction: in the article the author for the first time considers the semantics and syntactic compatibility of Khanty and Mansi verbs of different lexical-semantic groups: state, action, movement, displacement, perceptions, etc., with the preverbs χŏλt / χɔλt / χɔś / χɔt. The most complete list of verbs combined with this preverb in different dialects of the Khanty and Mansi languages is revealed. The article describes the change of the verb valence system when combined with this preverb, as well as the modification of the verb semantics while maintaining the valence system. Differences in the semantics of synonymous preverbs χŏλt and nukh in expression of aspectual values, as well as χŏλt and jira in expression of spatial values. Objective: to identify the circle of verbs that are combined with the preverb χŏλt / χɔλt / χɔś / χɔt; to describe the transition of verbs from one lexical-semantic group to another when combined with this preverb; to compare the system of valences and syntactic compatibility of verbs with this preverb in the Khanty and Mansi languages. Research materials: verbs with preverbal units χŏλt / χɔλt / χɔś / χɔt of the Kazym, Shuryshkar, Ural dialects of the Khanty and Mansi languages, collected by the author from informants and extracted from dictionaries of the Khanty and Mansi languages. Results and novelty of the research: for the first time the most complete list of verbs from different lexico-semantic groups combined with the preverbs χŏλt / χɔλt / χɔś / χɔt, which are mainly attached to the verbs of action, movement, displacement, etc., is revealed. As a result of the addition of the preverb, the number of valences of derived verbs can either be preserved or reduced. Verbs of the lexico-semantic group of movement and displacement lose their locative valence; the valence of action verbs may remain or decrease. The composition of the semantic group of verbs changes due to the syntactic compatibility of the verb with different types of subjects and objects (animate, inanimate). The results of the study can be used for compiling dictionaries, comparing unrelated and different-structured languages, as well as for writing a scientific grammar of the Khanty language.
Cenerentola entra a palazzo: il nuovo ruolo della pronuncia nell’insegnamento linguistico
Authors: Busà Maria Grazia
Published: November 2021

This paper provides an overview of the current status of L2 pronunciation teaching and shows that there is a greater appreciation for L2 pronunciation teaching today than there was in the past. The paper starts by reviewing the main theoretical approaches in pronunciation teaching of the past 70 years and introduces today’s approach focusing on ‘speech intelligibility’ rather than on the achievement of native-like pronun-ciation. It then addresses the following issues: what we mean by foreign accent and speech intelligibility; how foreign accent can affect communication and speakers’ integration in society; what challenges present-day L2 pronunciation teachers; how technology can help.
Exploring Health Professional Criminality and Competence Using the Case of Canadian Health Care Serial Killer Elizabeth Wettlaufer
Authors: Foong-Reichert Ai-Leng , Grindrod Kelly A. , Houle Sherilyn K.D.
Published: November 2021

Health professional criminal behavior and clinical incompetence are distinct concepts that both endanger the public. In this paper, we compare and contrast these concepts using the case of convicted Canadian health care serial killer Elizabeth Wettlaufer, who also exhibited a pattern of clinical incompetence throughout her career. As one Canadian province is proposing changes to self-regulation to become more like the United Kingdom, we highlight four ways to improve protection of the public in a self-regulating system. These include meta-regulation, standardized hiring practices, increased transparency by regulatory bodies and improved communication across regulators and other agencies.
Determinación de sitios potenciales de recarga artificial de agua subterránea en cinco acuíferos de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México
Authors: Boyás Martínez Elizabeth , González Mora María Fernanda , Paredes-Tavares Jorge
Published: November 2021

El grado de explotación en los acuíferos de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México (ZMVM) está altamente vinculado a la expansión urbana, al avance de la frontera agrícola y a la deforestación; lo que ha provocado diferentes afectaciones ambientales y a la infraestructura.

El manejo de la recarga de los acuíferos (MAR) ha surgido como una herramienta de gestión consistente para reducir el grado de presión en las aguas subterráneas. Uno de los aspectos fundamentales para su implementación es identificar los sitios que favorecen la infiltración.

Mediante el álgebra de mapas y la intervención de seis factores (pendiente, uso de suelo, capacidad de infiltración, precipitación, densidad de drenaje y litología) se determinaron zonas potenciales para la recarga artificial en cinco acuíferos que abastecen de agua subterránea a dicha zona metropolitana.

Las variables con más peso fueron la litología y el uso de suelo, los sitios con potencial de recarga alto se encuentran en las zonas de mayor elevación, en las Sierras del Ajusco y Chichinautzin. La categoría “Medio” predomina con 44,2 % de la superficie, le siguen las categorías “Alto” con 19,1 %, “Bajo” con 17,7 %, “Muy bajo” con 13,7 %, y “Muy alto” con el 5,2 % del área.
Editorial Status of the Journal
Authors: Sadio-Ramos Fernando José , Ortiz-Molina María Angustias
Published: November 2021

Information about the history and functioning
Ficha Técnica
Authors: Sadio-Ramos Fernando José , Ortiz-Molina María Angustias
Published: November 2021

Contém todos os dados legais da revista, assim como toda a Equipa de Trabalho e os "sites" em que está alojada / indexada
Reformasi dan keesaan gereja: Makna peristiwa 31 Oktober bagi Gereja Protestan dan Katolik masa kini
Authors: Batlajery Agustinus M.L
Published: November 2021

It has been well known that sixteenth century reformation of the church begun on Otober 31th 1517 when Martin Luther puted 95 theses at the gate of Wittenburg church. That is the beginning of reformation but also starting point of church separation and split. While on October 31th 1999 the Lutheran representative and the Catholic leader signed what is called Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification in which the Protestant and the Catholics show their common understanding on doctrine of justification. This event could be seen as an indication that unity among two churches is a possibility. So the first October 31th refers to reformation and separation but the second October 31th refers to unity. This article want to analize the meaning of these two events for the Protestants and Catholics in nowadays. Both churches can learn much from these important events for their present and future relationship. By analizing the meaning of the valuable historical event we can say that the way to come close to each other and to become one church in the future is open.
Refleksi konseptual misi Yesus melalui keramahan gereja di Indonesia
Authors: Simanjuntak Fredy , Papay Alexander Djuang , Lahagu Ardianto , Evimalinda Rita , Ferry Yusak Hentrias
Published: November 2021

Jesus, reflecting on the context of the mission in the Gospels, often touches on various dimensions, both physical, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual for each person and his environment. Many Gospel narratives show the face of friendliness as well as the social responsibility of Jesus in public spaces. Jesus didn't just stop at the gracious nature of God in His mission of ministry but also inspired his listeners to bring out the same kind of hospitality that Jesus did. This needs to reflect the portrait of church life in Indonesian society, which in general tends to focus on religious formalism. This paper aims to explore the concept of Jesus' mission and to realize it practically in the context of Indonesian society today. The method used is descriptive analysis and a hermeneutic approach to the narratives in the Gospels. This study seeks to offer a contextual concept and model of Jesus' ministry to the community served not only as an object of God's hospitality but also as a subject who actively participates in presenting hospitality in public spaces. In conclusion, the mission that Jesus intended to be carried forward by the church was God's mission which Jesus himself had accomplished during his earthly ministry, namely manifesting God's hospitality for humans through the preaching of the gospel and social care.AbstrakYesus, dalam konteks misi di Injil, kerap menyentuh berbagai dimensi, baik secara fisik, emosi, intelektual, sosial, dan spiritual, setiap orang dengan lingkungannya. Narasi Injil banyak menunjukkan wajah keramahan sekaligus tanggung jawab sosial Yesus di ruang publik. Yesus tidak hanya berhenti pada sifat keramahan Allah dalam misi pelayanan-Nya, namun juga menginspirasi para pendengarnya untuk menghadirkan keramahan yang sama, seperti yang Yesus lakukan. Hal ini perlu menjadi refleksi potret kehidupan bergereja pada masyarakat Indonesia, yang umumnya cenderung terfokus kepada formalisme agawami. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggali konsep misi Yesus serta merealisasikan secara praktis dalam konteks masyarakat Indonesia di masa ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif serta pendekatan yang hermeneutis pada narasi kitab-kitab Injil. Penelitian ini berupaya menawarkan konsep dan model pelayanan Yesus yang kontekstual kepada komunitas yang dilayani, bukan hanya sebagai objek keramahan Allah, namun sekaligus sebagai subjek yang aktif berpartisipasi menghadirkan keramahan pada ruang publik. Kesimpulannya, jelas terlihat bahwa misi yang dimaksudkan Yesus untuk diteruskan oleh gereja adalah misi Allah yang telah dikerjakan Yesus sendiri selama pelayanan-Nya di dunia, yaitu memanifestasikan keramahan Allah bagi manusia melalui pemberitaan Injil dan kepedulian sosial.
Dialog lintas kelompok dalam membangun harmoni kehidupan sebagai tindakan misi: Memaknai ulang narasi Yohanes 4:1-42
Authors: Zebua Peringatan
Published: November 2021

Gereja berada dalam dunia yang sedang mengalami berbagai gejolak, di antaranya konflik antarkelompok, baik kelompok dengan basis agama, suku, atau golongan. Sebagai bagian dari kelompok sosial, gereja berperan untuk mengembangkan dialog yang dapat memberikan dampak pada terciptanya kehidupan yang harmonis. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan, bahwa mengembangkan dialog yang berimplikasi pada harmonisasi kehidupan merupakan bagian dari kegiatan misi Kristen, yang memungkinkan terjadinya pertobatan. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif literatur, dengan menggunakan metode analogi deskriptiif interpretatif atas narasi Yohanes 4:1-42, maka disimpulkan, perjumpaan Yesus dan perempuan Samaria merupakan analogi dari perjumpaan dialogis lintas kelompok dalam menciptakan kehidupan yang harmonis, sebagai tindakan misi Kristen.
Increasing Success in Higher Education: The Relationships of Online Course Taking With College Completion and Time-to-Degree
Authors: Fischer Christian , Baker Rachel , Li Qiujie , Orona Gabe Avakian , Warschauer Mark
Published: November 2021

Online courses provide flexible learning opportunities, but research suggests that students may learn less and persist at lower rates compared to face-to-face settings. However, few studies have investigated more distal effects of online education. In this study, we analyzed 6 years of institutional data for three cohorts of students in 13 large majors (N = 10,572) at a public research university to examine distal effects of online course participation. Using online course offering as an instrumental variable for online course taking, we find that online course taking of major-required courses leads to higher likelihood of successful 4-year graduation and slightly accelerated time-to-degree. These results suggest that offering online courses may help students to more efficiently graduate college.
EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO: AVANÇOS E POSSIBILIDADES NO MUNICÍPIO DE MARABÁ/PA
Authors: de Souza Lady Anne
Published: November 2021

A Educação do Campo nasceu das lutas representadas por movimentos sociais e entidades ligados à terra para construir uma proposta educacional que atenda às especificidades da população campesina. A temática desta pesquisa em Educação do Campo tem experimentado momentos do contexto históricos desta modalidade de ensino. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os avanços dados e principalmente sugerir possibilidades de políticas educacionais que aprimorem esta modalidade de ensino para atender os anseios dos sujeitos do campo do município de Marabá, Pará, Brasil. Para isso, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, composta pela observação participante e entrevistas com professores da E.M.E.F Nagib Mutran. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as políticas educacionais adaptadas a cada momento vivido no Brasil têm repercutido significativamente na Educação do Campo. Nota-se que a Educação do Campo tem sido o fator de melhoria profissional fazendo muitos voltarem a estudar e valorizar a cultura, identidade e saberes populares. Nas conclusões, recomenda-se a necessidade de repensar políticas educacionais para essa modalidade de ensino.
PRINCÍPIOS QUE REGEM A EDUCAÇÃO PARA O TRÂNSITO: UM DESAFIO ESCOLAR
Authors: DA SILVA COSTA GEOVAL
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e bibliográfica com a intervenção no campo e teve como objetivo averiguar como ocorre a educação para o trânsito nas escolas de ensino fundamental. O campo selecionado foi a Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental professora Odete de Almeida Lopes, localizada no município de Macapá-Ap. Para isso, foi utilizado um roteiro de observação e outros instrumentos de pesquisa como o questionário fechado com variáveis de opções de respostas. A problemática que levou a pesquisa foi a observação de que a educação para o trânsito é um projeto estipulado por lei e que deve ser ensinado nas escolas como conteúdo básico para a construção de uma cultura mais humana no trânsito. Isto com a justificativa de que o trânsito no Brasil apresenta estatísticas assustadoras de causa morte e invalidez. Por isso devem ser discutidos com ações educativas e preventivas nas escolas e desde a idade muito tenra. Outra parte deste trabalho aborda as diretrizes legais dessa educação para o trânsito e os desafios de implantar esse conteúdo específico nas escolas. Por isso, com o intuito de conhecer os desafios dessa modalidade de ensino é que elaboramos os roteiros de observação e questionários para apresentar os resultados coletados em análise e com gráficos ilustrativos de apoio. Utilizou-se para isso uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, sendo que os desafios foram comentados no final e, a partir dos resultados obtidos apresentamos algumas considerações finais e algumas perspectivas. O referencial teórico utilizado foi com base nos princípios legais que regem a educação nacional e a legislação de direcionamento para o trânsito no Brasil.
Old Church Slavonic Elements in the Code of Emperor Dušan (1349, 1353/1354)
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Savić Viktor ,   Serbian Language Institute, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Published: November 2021

The paper traces Old Church Slavonic elements in the Code of Emperor Dušan, a legal monument written in the vernacular, Old Serbian language. Before the end of the 14th century and especially in the 15th century, the text of the Code was subjected to subsequent archaization, with the aim of increasing the share of Old Church Slavonic elements in the linguistic structure, which reflected the spirit of the time, different from the period in which the codex had been compiled. In this context, the paper seeks to determine the real presence of this linguistically marked phenomenon and its function in the text, before the upper chronological limit, set by the oldest surviving manuscript copy in physical terms, the Struga manuscript (ca. 1395). The study compares the situation in the manuscript copies of the older recension, especially in those that were not exposed to major linguistic changes. It is established that during the earliest development of the manuscript tradition of Emperor Dušan’s Code (i.e. the first fifty years after its had been compiled), the Old Church Slavonic phonetics, accompanied by morphology to a limited extent, was the basic means of increasing expressiveness (however, Old Church Slavonic morphological means were hardly at all used in the protograph). The Old Church Slavonic vocabulary present in the Code of Emperor Dušan was generally not phonetically marked; it was in every respect adjusted to the vernacular language system. The use of elements adopted from Old Church Slavonic was, above all, determined by the topic, i.e. it was limited to a particular subject. These elements are not scattered throughout the text, but are mostly concentrated in the legal provisions concerning church law, usually with reliance on the so-called Code of the Holy Fathers. As it turns out, elements of Old Church Slavonic from various linguistic levels are not widely present in the original text of the Code of Emperor Dušan. This presumably reflects the situation in the Old Serbian language of the time, although the language of this legal monument is administrative and not colloquial.
On the Question of the Dating and Origin of the Passage of the Parchment Psalter BAN, 4.5.11(Syrku 3)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Turilov Anatolij A.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the dating and origin of the parchment passage indicated in the title. It is customary to date the manuscript to the XV century (with clarification – the beginning or the first half of the century). There is an opinion expressed almost 40 years ago by an authoritative Bulgarian paleographer that the fragment is of Wallachian-Moldavian origin. The author believes that the monument was painted in western Bulgaria in the first half or middle of the XIV century. This explains the West Bulgarian spelling features and the proximity of the fragment’s handwriting to Serbian manuscripts of this time.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Pepes Daging Itik Petelur Afkir yang Dilumuri Bubuk Daun Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
Authors: Pratiwi Oklivia Nesia , Suharyanto Suharyanto , Warnoto Warnoto
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to analyze the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of rejected laying duck meat pepes after being coated with jackfruit leaf powder (JLP). The research design employed was a completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments (P0: without any coating with JLP; P1: 5%; P2: 10%; and P3: 15% smearing of JLP) with 3 replications. The variables measured were cooking loss, water holding capacity (WHC), pH, and water content which were analyzed by Anova and multiple comparisons DMRT by significance level 0.05, and organoleptic which were analyzed by description. The results of the study showed that rejected laying duck meat smeared with JLP had no significant effect (P>0.05) on cooking loss, WHC pH, and moisture content of the pepes. However, the 15% JLP was able to enhance the aroma of the pepes. The average range value of the cooking loss was 14.00 to 15.33%, the WHC was 53.76-55.47%, the pH value was 6.22-6.29%, and the moisture content was 67.83-71,28%. The results of the hedonic quality test showed that the average value of the meat aroma ranged from 4.03-4.20 in the slightly fishy to a very non-fishy category, the interval scale test results showed P0, P1, and P2 in an interval scale of 3.40-4.19 (slightly fishy aroma), different from P3 which is included in the interval scale from 4.20 to 5.00 (very not fishy). The tenderness of the meat was 3.52-3.92 as the tender category, the taste of the meat was 3.88-4.10 as the delicious category. The results of the hedonic test showed that the average value of the aroma of meat ranged from 4.02-4.12, the tenderness from 3.39-3.64, and the taste from 3.88-3.97. All scores were in the liking category. It was concluded that 5% to 15% smearing of JLP did not change the physicochemical properties of rejected layer duck meat paste, but 15% application of it could increase the aroma.
COVIDiSTRESS diverse dataset on psychological and behavioural outcomes one year into the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Blackburn Angelique M. , Vestergren Sara
Published: November 2021

During the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the COVIDiSTRESS Consortium launched an open-accessglobal survey to understand and improve individuals’ experiences related to the crisis. A year later,we extended this line of research by launching a new survey to address the dynamic landscape of thepandemic. This survey was released with the goal of addressing diversity, equity, and inclusion byworking with over 150 researchers across the globe who collected data in 48 languages and dialectsacross 137 countries. The resulting cleaned dataset described here includes 15,740 of over 20,000responses. The dataset allows cross-cultural study of psychological wellbeing and behaviours a yearinto the pandemic. It includes measures of stress, resilience, vaccine attitudes, trust in government andscientists, compliance, and information acquisition and misperceptions regarding COVID-19. Openaccessraw and cleaned datasets with computed scores are available. Just as our initial COVIDiSTRESSdataset has facilitated government policy decisions regarding health crises, this dataset can be used byresearchers and policy makers to inform research, decisions, and policy. Blackburn, A.M., Vestergren, S. & the COVIDiSTRESS II Consortium. COVIDiSTRESS diverse dataset on psychological and behavioural outcomes one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Data 9, 331 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01383-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-022-01383-6
PENDETA SEBAGAI PEMIMPIN (PELAYAN TUHAN)
Authors: Astriani
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah; memberikan penjelasan tentang ciri-ciri kepemimpinan seorang pendeta sebagai pelayan Tuhan. Dan dalam pembahasan ini juga membahas mengenai kepemimpinan seorang pendeta sebagai pelayan dan cara kepemimpinan pada masa ini. Dalam Kepemimpinan seorang pendeta mempunyai ciri khusus,yakni harus menjadi seorang pelayan , yang artinya seorang pemimpin dalam greja bukan saja memimpin, tetapi juga harus membuktikan dirinya sebagai seorang pelayan yang patut di contoh.. keyakinan menjadi pelayan artinya seorang pemimpin bukan saja memimpin orang dan memerinta saja, tetapi juga harus membuktikan dirinya sebagai seorang hamba yang merelakan dirinya sepenunya bagi kebutuhan greja dan jemaatnya. Pendeta sebagai pemimpin harus menyakini dirinya sebagai hamba Tuhan dan di kenal sebagai pemimpin Greja. Dan pendeta sebagai pelayan harus menjadi orang yang nomor satu dalam organisasi greja yang di pimpinnya. Sebagai seorang pemimpin pendeta harus tegas dalam kepemimpinannya dan di harapkan, bukan pendeta yang hanya menyandang jabatannya sebagai pendeta tetapi ia harus bertanggung jawab dalam pelayanan dan dan keutuhan jemaatnya.
Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (MSDM)
Authors: Ramadani Ainun
Published: November 2021

Untuk mendapatkan individu yang berkualitas, maka perusahaan harus cermat dalam memilih pegawai. Salah satunya melalui tahap rekrutmen dan seleksi. Hal ini sering dilakukan oleh perusahaan terutama pada bidang HR ketika perusahaan sedang membutuhkan pegawai yang ahli dalam bidang bidang tertentu. Untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan maka divisi HR harus mampu untuk mendapatkan pegawai yang memiliki tujuan yang sama dengan perusahaan tersebut. Dengan demikian, tujuan perusahaan yang telah dibuat dapat segera tercapai. Untuk itu setiap perusahaan yang menginginkan perusahaan mereka berjalan dengan baik mereka perlu sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas. Maka setiap perusahaan memerlukan manajemen sumber daya manusia.
Heterogeneous Heterogeneity by Default: Testing Categorical Moderators in Random-effects Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rodriguez Josue E. , Williams Donald Ray , Bürkner Paul - Christian
Published: November 2021

Categorical moderators are often included in mixed-effects meta-analysis to explain heterogeneity in effect sizes. An assumption in tests of moderator effects is that of a constant between-study variance across all levels of the moderator. Although it rarely receives serious thought, there can be drastic ramifications to upholding this assumption. We propose that researchers should instead assume unequal between-study variances by default. To achieve this, we suggest using a mixed-effects location-scale model (MELSM) to allow group-specific estimates for the between-study variances. In two extensive simulation studies, we show that in terms of Type I error and statistical power, nearly nothing is lost by using the MELSM for moderator tests, but there can be serious costs when a mixed-effects model with equal variances is used. Most notably, in scenarios with balanced sample sizes or equal between-study variance, the Type I error and power rates are nearly identical between the mixed-effects model and the MELSM. On the other hand, with imbalanced sample sizes and unequal variances, the Type I error rate under the mixed-effects model can be grossly inflated or overly conservative, whereas the MELSM excellently controlled the Type I error across all scenarios. With respect to power, the MELSM had comparable or higher power than the mixed-effects model in all conditions where the latter produced valid (i.e., not inflated) Type 1 error rates. Altogether, our results strongly support that assuming unequal between-study variances is preferred as a default strategy when testing categorical moderators
Intragenerational Social Mobility and Wellbeing in Great Britain. A Biomarker Approach
Authors: Präg Patrick , Fritsch Nina-Sophie , Richards Lindsay
Published: November 2021

Social theory has long predicted that social mobility, in particular downward social mobility, is detrimental to the wellbeing of individuals. Dissociative and ‘falling from grace’ theories suggest that mobility is stressful due to the weakening of social ties, feelings of alienation, and loss of status. In light of these theories, it is a puzzle that the majority of quantitative studies in this area have shown null results. Our approach to resolve the puzzle is twofold. First, we argue for a broader conception of the mobility process than is often used and thus focus on intragenerational occupational class mobility rather than restricting ourselves to the more commonly studied intergenerational mobility. Second, we argue that self-reported measures may be biased by habituation (or ‘entrenched deprivation’). Using nurse-collected health and biomarker data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS, 2010–12, N = 4,123), we derive a measure of allostatic load as an objective gauge of physiological ‘wear and tear,’ and compare patterns of mobility effects with self-reports of health using diagonal reference models. Our findings indicate a strong class gradient in both allostatic load and self-rated health, and that both first and current job matter for current wellbeing outcomes. However, in terms of the effects of mobility itself, we find that intragenerational social mobility is consequential for allostatic load, but not for self-rated health. Downward mobility is detrimental and upward mobility beneficial for wellbeing as assessed by allostatic load. Thus, these findings do not support the idea of generalized stress from dissociation, but they do support the ‘falling from grace’ hypothesis of negative downward mobility effects. Our findings have a further implication, namely that the differences in mobility effects between the objective and subjective outcome infer the presence of entrenched deprivation. Null results in studies of self-rated outcomes may therefore be a methodological artifact, rather than an outright rejection of decades-old social theory.
Ohne ein inklusives Bildungssystem keine Chancengleichheit. Rechtliche Verpflichtungen aus der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention und Herausforderungen in der schulpraktischen Umsetzung
Authors: Kroworsch Susann
Published: November 2021

Die UN-BRK verpflichtet Deutschland zur Schaffung eines inklusiven Schulsystems und damit zur Schaffung von gleichen Zugangs- und Teilhabechancen für Schüler*innen mit und ohne Behinderungen. Tatsächlich führt jedoch Deutschlands schleppender Umsetzungsprozess, insbesondere die Aufrechterhaltung des Förderschulsystems neben dem allgemeinen, dazu, dass Chancengleichheit nicht gewährleistet werden kann. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt die völkerrechtlichen Verpflichtungen, Herausforderungen sowie Irrtümer bei der Umsetzung.
Der Übergang auf weiterführende Schulen aus rechtlicher und aus pädagogischer Sicht
Authors: Bott Wolfgang , Kipp Heinz
Published: November 2021

Kaum ein Bereich schulischer Entscheidungen war und ist rechtlich so umstritten und pädagogisch so anspruchsvoll wie die Übergangsmodalitäten nach dem Ende der Grundschulzeit auf eine weiterführende Schule. Mit diesem Beitrag werden zunächst die juristischen Dimensionen des Verfahrens in ihrer historischen Genese mit Fokus auf das Bundesland Hessen beschrieben und rechtlich eingeordnet. Anschließend werden jenseits der bloßen Übergangsempfehlung die Phasen eines gelingenden Übergangs als pädagogische Herausforderung mit Blick auf die Frage skizziert, wie dieser gelingen kann. Es zeigt sich, dass sich die Frage nach Chancengleichheit im Kontext von Übergangsregelungen nicht auf die rechtlichen Vorgaben reduzieren lässt. Vielmehr realisieren sich Übertrittsentscheidungen erst mit dem faktischen Übertritt, der pädagogisch zu begleiten ist, damit er erfolgreich bewältigt werden kann.
Online-Anhang. Verwendete Normen zum Themenschwerpunkt: Chancenungleichheit aus bildungsrechtlicher Perspektive. Inklusion, Übergänge und Homeschooling im Fokus
Authors: Hugo Julia
Published: November 2021

Bei den nachfolgenden Regelungstexten handelt es sich um nicht-amtliche Lesefassungen zum Zeitpunkt der Recherche für das Heft 4/2021 der Zeitschrift DDS – Die Deutsche Schule (Stand 15.10.2021) und erhebt keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Fehler sind nicht ausgeschlossen. Es wird ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass aufgrund möglicher rechtlicher Novellierungen stets die aktuelle, im Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt veröffentlichte Fassung der jeweiligen Regelung maßgeblich ist.
Granice włoskiej drogi do federalizmu. Uwarunkowania ustrojowe, historyczno-doktrynalne i kulturowo-społeczne
Authors: Lis Rafał
Published: November 2021

The aim of this article is to present the limitations of the possibilities of developing Italian federalism, resulting from both systemic and doctrinal conditions, as well as historical and socio-cultural ones. While the significant amendment of Title V of the Constitution of the Italian Republic in 2001 might indeed have heralded a further development in this direction, other relevant factors of Italian statehood did not favour it. Leaving aside the very issue of the limitations of the political system (understandable in the context of the historical and doctrinal choices of Italian statehood), which nevertheless ultimately deviates from federal solutions, it is necessary to mention above all the weaker – and less recognisable – position of the regions as potential components of federal-type sovereignty and the economic disparities between North and South, which are too large and too risky from a federalist perspective.
Glosa do Uchwały składu siedmiu sędziów Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 11 grudnia 2019 r., sygn. akt III UZP 7/19
Authors: Mędrala Małgorzata , Martiszek Tomasz
Published: November 2021

In the Resolution of the seven-judge panel of 11 December 2019, Ref. No. III UZP 7/19, the Supreme Court judged that the pension authority may choose the contribution payer to be an entity obliged to return the benefit unduly received by the insured, completely ignoring the issue of possible negligence of the payer and the possibility of reimbursement claim for benefits from the person to whom they were paid. The Supreme Court held that the mere sending of payment data by the payer is a sufficient prerequisite for the reimbursement request. Thus, the Supreme Court resolved a dispute between two competing trends in case law on this issue. In the Authors’ opinion, the commented resolution may in practice result in many negative implications for contribution payers, who often have no influence on the data provided to the pension authority. Such a restrictive view also raises doubts of constitutional nature.
Zmiany w realizacji inicjatywy ludowej w Austrii w warunkach pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Tkaczyk Edyta
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to popular initiative in Austria with reference to actions aimed at preventing COVID-19 from spreading. Due to the emergence of threat in the form of COVID-19, the popular initiative expressed in Article 41(2) of the Constitution of Austria has changed in terms of its meaning. The state of COVID-19 pandemic forced Austrian legislature to change the law, including amendments to the act of 2016 on popular initiative. The popular initiative act was amended in § 24(1) and (2) by introducing certain restrictions on the fulfillment of this initiative. In April 2020, the popular initiative act was amended by suspending the deadlines referred to in § 4(1) and § 6(1), and revoking the already established periods of entry, pursuant to § 6(2). This modification was made with a view to smoothly implement the popular initiative with regard to counteracting COVID-19. Based on these provisions, the implementation of the popular initiative has changed its shape.
Pengembangan Bisnis Fashion Muslim Dengan Pendekatan Business Model Canvas (BMC)
Authors: Susilowati Isnurrini Hidayat
Published: November 2021

Abstrak  - Dampak pandemi covid 19 sangat dirasakan oleh semua sektor usaha termasuk sektor fashion. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan strategi-strategi pengembangan bisnis agar usaha sektor fashion tetap bisa bertahan. Nayla Collection adalah salah satu usaha sektor UMKM dibidang fashion muslim dikota Depok dan agar usaha bisa bertahan dan berkembang dalam masa pandemi covid 19 ini maka harus mempunyai strategi bisnis. Strategi yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan alat bantu Business Model Canvas (BMC). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan data primer dan sekunder. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui strategi untuk mengembangkan bisnis melalui Business Model Canvas (BMC), dianalisa menggunakan SWOT (Strenght, Weakness, Oportunity dan Threat) . Penelitian yang dihasilkan disertai hasil dari analisa SWOT adalah strategi perbaikan dengan penambahan mitra dengan perusahaan e-commerce, pembuatan web untuk promosi produk dan bekerjasama dengan komunitas ibu-ibu muda. Mengedukasi pelanggan dalam mengkombinasikan produk yang akan dikenakan merupakan penambahan elemen value proposition. Pemilik toko fashion muslim Nayla Collection bisa menjadikan hasil penelitian tersebut sebagai pedoman dalam mengembangkan bisnisnya. Kata Kunci: Analisis Bisnis, Analisis SWOT, Business Model Canvas
Pengaruh Leverage dan Likuiditas Terhadap Kebijakan Deviden
Authors: Alawiyah Al , Prasetyo Galih , Fatimah Siti
Published: November 2021

Abstrak  - Perusahaan dituntut untuk dapat mempertahankan bisnisnya, tumbuh, dan meningkatkan daya saing dengan tetap memperoleh keuntungan (sustainable competitive growth). Gabungan Pengusaha Makanan dan Minuman Indonesia (GAPMMI) menyatakan bahwa industri makanan dan minuman menjadi salah satu sektor yang tertekan di tahun 2020 terutama pada saat pandemic Covid-19. Penurunan terbesar disebabkan oleh menurunnya konsumsi rumah tangga. Konsumsi rumah tangga berkontribusi sebesar 57% terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB). Sementara itu, industri makanan dan minuman hanya berkontribusi sebesar 23,8% terhadap PDB pada tahun 2020. Konsumsi rumah tangga turun 5,02 persen ke 2,84 persen selama kuartal I, dengan 44 persen berasal dari kontribusi makanan dan minuman. Padahal pengeluaran per kapita masyarakat kita 50 persennya untuk pangan, konsumen dan channel penjualan juga mulai bergeser ke pembelian online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh leverage dan likuiditas terhadap kebijakan dividen. Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 perusahan makanan dan minuman yang tedaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dipilih dengan metode purposive random sampling periode tahun 2016 sampai dengan tahun 2020. Metode statistik yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Model – Partial Least Square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel leverage tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen sedangkan pada variabel likuditas terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kebijakan dividen. Kata Kunci: Leverage, Likuiditas, Kebijakan Dividen
Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru Selama Pandemic melalui Upaya Peningkatan Produktifitas Wirausaha Mandiri Menuju Ekonomi Berkeadilan
Authors: Yuliani Nafisah , Pramestari Diah , Henni Henni
Published: November 2021

Abstrak-This study aims to determine the efforts to increase the productivity of independent entrepreneurs towards a just economy as a form of adaptation during a pandemic. The sample consists of students who already have a business or who do not have a business as many as 137 students. The data was collected through a mail survey (google forms) and analyzed by descriptive method to find out the description of the respondents to the problem under study. The results of this study indicate that efforts to increase entrepreneurial productivity through improving the characteristics of superior entrepreneurs, improving marketing strategies and improving business performance are a new form of adaptation during the pandemic in order to realize independent entrepreneurship towards a just economy. The results of this study also have two implementations: (1) theoretical implementation for the results of this study is to realize independent entrepreneurship towards a just economy, then the application of competitive strategies in the form of Cost Leadership Strategy, Differentiation Strategy, Innovation Strategy ( Innovation Strategy), Growth Strategy, Alliance Strategy, (2) managerial implementation for the results of this study is an effort to increase entrepreneurial productivity through improving the characteristics of superior entrepreneurs, improving marketing strategies and improving business performance as a form of adaptation. only during the pandemic to realize independent entrepreneurship towards a just economy. This provides motivation to survive in the midst of high competition with good ICT mastery and expand overseas Keywords: Adapting to New Habits, Productivity, Self-Employment
Methodological approaches to the use of images from uavs to assess the technological stress of crops
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Shvorov S. , Pasichnyk N. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Opryshko O. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Bolbot I. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Hluhan F. ,   NATIONAL SPACE FACILITIES CONTROL and TEST CENTER
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the applied aspects of UAV use, namely the monitoring of winter wheat crops in relation to the stresses caused by technological stresses. First of all, this applies to the prolonged action of herbicides left over from the predecessor crop and which cause stress in new crops. The issue has local specifics related to the inconsistency of plant cultivation technologies and to the insufficient study of the impact of the latest plant protection products in domestic soil conditions. Restoration of crop yields is possible with timely identification of the causes of stress, but decision-making time is limited, which requires the introduction of the latest monitoring technologies suitable for industrial scale. In laboratory studies using phytochambers, the presence of both spectral indicators of healthy and affected plants and the difference in their dimensions were recorded. However, such differences can be explained by other stressors, so it was not possible to establish clear criteria for spectral or spectral-spatial monitoring methods that clearly indicated the stress caused by the after-effects of herbicides. In field studies using the Slantrange complex mounted on a DJI Matrice 600 UAV as an object of study, the distribution of stress areas in the field was analyzed. It was found that, in purely spectral and spectral-spatial monitoring of winter wheat, it was not possible to reliably identify the stressful nature caused by the aftereffects of herbicides, ie ground platforms for spectral sensor equipment are ineffective. It is proved that the maps of stress indices obtained on the basis of high-resolution data from UAVs can be considered as a separate object of research on the interpretation of the causes of stress of complex biotechnical objects such as crops. Improving the reliability and reliability of monitoring data can be achieved by implementing systems of machine data processing and computer training to find correlations between the distribution of stress in plants in the field and the implementation of technological operations, terrain. Key words: UAV, stress, prolonged action of herbicides, Slantrange