bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN SISTEM SANKSI PIDANA PADA PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORPORASI
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad
Published: February 2022

The acceptance of the corporation as a subject of criminal law who is considered to be able to commit a criminal act and can be criminally responsible for it will of course lead to other consequences in its application. Various consequences or problems that can arise are reflected in the question of getting a death penalty or imprisonment as regulated in article 10 of the Criminal Code which is applied to a corporation. Or can the “corporate death penalty” and “corporate imprisonment” as stated by Brickey be regarded as a death penalty or imprisonment for a corporation? When compared with the provisions in Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption, precisely in article 2 paragraph (2) and article 18 paragraph (1) point c and point d According to this law, in the author's opinion, basically the "corporate death penalty" as stated by Brickey is the same as the provisions of "all or part of the company closure" and "corporate imprisonment" which is basically the same as the provision of "all or part revocation of certain rights or elimination of all or part of certain profits” as regulated in Article 18 paragraph (1) point c and point d of this Law. In addition, if you look at the provisions in Article 2 paragraph (2) which states that: "In the case of a criminal act of corruption as referred to in paragraph (1) carried out under certain circumstances, the death penalty can be imposed". And when viewed from the explanation it is stipulated that: "what is meant by "certain circumstances" is if the crime is committed against funds for overcoming dangerous conditions, national natural disasters, overcoming the consequences of widespread social unrest, overcoming economic crises, and occurring repetition of corruption.Keywords: System, Criminal Sanctions, Criminal Actors, Corporations.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PELAYANAN PRIMA YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUASAN SISWA PADA MENTARI CERDAS BANJARMASIN
Authors: Syafril Syafril , Fahmi Muhammad , Rosiana Fadilah Neti
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the factors of excellent service that influence the satisfaction of tutoring students at Mentari Cerdas Banjarmasin. The population and sample in this study were tutoring students at Mentari Cerdas Banjarmasin. The sample in this study was 48 students by filling out research questionnaires. The sampling technique used in this research is random sampling. namely the sampling technique based on population members who happen to be met and are willing to be respondents. This research is a quantitative descriptive research, which is a research method based on the philosophy of positivism, which is used to examine a particular population or sample. Judging from the objectives, this research is included in the research of hypothesis testing. A hypothesis is a temporary answer to a research problem whose truth still needs to be tested Keywords: Excellent Service, Student Satisfaction, Tutoring, Influence, Sampling
Introduction: Proust's Modernist Sociology
Authors: Lucey Michael
Published: March 2022

The introduction to this special issue sketches out some urgent forms of intelligibility that Proust's Recherche might hold for readers in 2022 given the many crises of the present moment. Whereas Proust's novel is often read as an investigation and valorization of various forms of subjective experience, contributions to this special issue consider how aspects of the Recherche's composition might provoke us to step back and objectify subjective experience in the service of some other kind of knowledge. The introduction juxtaposes Proust's novelistic practice with Pierre Bourdieu's sociological construction of points of view. We see the social world in limited ways because we see it from a single point of view, but we can work critically to rise above those limits and envision a social field of different points of view. The introduction demonstrates how Proust's novel, like Bourdieu's sociological practice, models this form of understanding for us.
Françoise's Way
Authors: Mahuzier Brigitte
Published: March 2022

Françoise Bazireau, alias ‘Françoise’, the illiterate servant of the Recherche, unable to express her most intimate feelings in good French, nevertheless shows the narrator that she possesses all the codes to survive and even thrive in the Guermantes’ way. Exasperating like Albertine as a love object, she also manages, like Mme Verdurin and the Duchesse de Guermantes, the social and temporal capital of the novel. With this remarkable and underrated character, we move, as readers, from the intratextual level of the narrator — watching her from his point of view — to that of the novel itself, watching the two in a kind of love/hate duet that throws some light on the function of the ‘petit peuple’ in the Recherche.
‘An eye more penetrating than other men's’: Finding the Recherche's Narrator in a World of Experts
Authors: Beitler Ben
Published: March 2022

This essay presents the Recherche's narrator as an expert in a world of experts. Considering previous scholarship on the sociological knowledge present in Proust's novel, I imagine the pursuit of this knowledge as characterizing its narrator, distinguishing him from the other specialists who populate the pages of his récit. Drawing on the work of Gil Eyal, I read this récit as displaying a marked attention to the ‘networks of expertise’ in which these other experts make their knowledge effective. The récit's language, meanwhile, provides information on the network of expertise in which the narrator himself must operate to assume the social position of expert. Ultimately, I argue that thinking about the narrator and his writing in terms of expertise allows us to ironize the narrator's knowledge about the social world. From this ironic distance, the Recherche becomes not a vehicle of such knowledge but an experience of it.
The Meerut Trial (1929-33): Labor, Internationalism and Cold War
Authors: Mudiar Jyotishman
Published: February 2022

The historiography of the Meerut Trial (1929-33) has regarded the Trial as a crackdown on the left-wing movement in India, notably a communist left. Those interested in global history have represented the Trial as a repressive response to revolutionary internationalism. The effects of the Trial have firmly structured the history of its causes. This paper revisits why the British colonial state in India launched the Trial in the first place. For the British colonial state, anxiety about Bolshevism was not new. Many historians and activists have considered the Trial a teleological culmination of a series of conspiracy cases against communism. Notwithstanding its merit, it effaces the importance of the historical conjuncture of 1928-9. This paper argues that what forced the state to launch the Trial in 1928-9 was the unprecedented industrial unrest in the two cities of Bombay and Calcutta. At the face of a labor movement that challenged capitalism and colonialism alike, the state felt that repressive legal-administrative actions alone were insufficient for control and order. In its broader sense, the Trial was a cold war propaganda response of the British state in India to manufacture the consent of its subjects.
Economic Development and Female Labor Force Participation in Bangladesh: A Test of the U-Shaped Hypothesis
Authors: Dhar Soma
Published: February 2022

The study aims to explain the relationship between economic development measured by GDP per capita on PPP and female labor force participation rate (FLFPR) in Bangladesh. Using Time series data from (1991-2019), extracted from secondary data sources; the study develops three models to test the U-shape hypothesis. The study uses control variables such as Female Unemployment rate, Fertility rate, and Urbanization. The Ordinary Least Square Regression Analysis is used to run the regression by using Econometric Software STATA (version12.0). The regression result indicates that the Female unemployment rate has a positive impact on FLFPR. Fertility rate and Urbanization have a negative effect.  There is a significant impact of the quadratic GDP per capita PPP on FLFPR. The overall results of this paper suggest that a U-shape does not exist in Bangladesh. The research investigates an upward pattern in the female labor force participation rate by measuring the relationship between economic growth and female labor force participation rate in Bangladesh.
Pengukuran Produktivitas Lini Produksi Seragam Sekolah di Usaha Konveksi XY dengan menggunakan Metode Objective Matrix (OMAX)
Authors: Sylviatuzzahroh Sayyidah , Mayasari Andhika , Afiatna Fatma Ayu Nuning Farida , Muflihah Nur
Published: February 2022

Konveksi XY merupakan unit usaha menengah yang bergerak di bidang konveksi atribut sekolah dan non atribut sekolah. Proses produksi konveksi XY menganut sistem make to stock, dimana konveksi membuat 250 set seragam (seragam putih, batik, pramuka, olahraga, almamater atau jas dan kerudung bagi siswi) untuk satu sekolah. Setiap sekolah yang menjadi pelanggan tetap, rentang pengerjaanya dimulai setelah ajaran baru berlangsung sampai sebelum pembukaan pendaftaran siswa baru. Pada rentang waktu tersebut, terdapat kasus penjahit dari kelompok kerja unit lain membantu unit kerja yang belum selesai. Hal ini mendorong peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian menggunakan metode Objective Matrix. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengukur produktivitas pada lini produksi seragam sekolah, menganalisis pengaruh produktivitas terhadap efisiensi dan efektivitas, dan menemukan solusi perbaikan berdasarkan hasil pengukuran produktivitasnya. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa produktivitas di konveksi XY tidak stabil. Hal ini berdasarkan diagram pareto hasil performance indicator (PI) dimana alur kurvanya naik turun meskipun mayoritas nilai PI diatas standar (300) kecuali periode 8 (146). Kemudian diperkuat dengan diagram pareto hasil indeks PI dimana nilai indeks PI periode sekarang terhadap periode sebelumnya negatif, yakni : (1) periode 2 (-28,547); (2) periode 4 (-39,130); (3) periode 7 (-24,265); dan (4) periode 8 (-52,751) dan Indeks PI periode sekarang terhadap PI standar alur kurvanya naik turun dengan hasil negatif pada periode 8 (-51,333). Adapun produktivitas tidak mempengaruhi efisiensi dan efektivitas, tetapi efisiensi dan efektivitas yang mempengaruhi produktivitas. Kemudian perbaikan yang perlu dilakukan adalah memangkas kegiatan dan hal yang dapat menyebabkan pemborosan waktu.
ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS DENGAN METODE OBJECTIVE MATRIX (OMAX) DI HOME INDUSTRI X
Authors: Basori Fitra Ilman , Muflihah Nur , Ghani Sulung Rahmawan Wira , Afiatna Fatma Ayu Nuning Farida
Published: February 2022

Perusahaan mengalami tidak tercapainya target produksi pada tahun sebelumnya. Hal ini membuat peneliti ingin melakukan pengukuran produktivitas untuk perusahaan, karena sebelumnya belum ada pengukuran produktivitas pada pabrik. Dalam pengukuran produktivitas kali ini peneliti menggunakan metode Objective Matrix (OMAX). Dalam pengolahan datanya peneliti menghitung nilai rasio tiap periode, nilai bobot, nilai level 0-3-10, nilai selain level 0-3-10, Indikator Performansi (IP), dan Indeks. Tujuan penelitian ini agar dapat mengetahui analisis dan pengukuran produktivitas pada home industri ini dan menemukan solusi untuk perbaikan berdasarkan hasil yang ditemukan. Dalam analisis menggunakan diagram Pareto didapat bahwa untuk mencapai dampak perbaikan 80% maka ditentukan rasio-rasio yang harus segera diperbaiki, yaitu rasio 2, 4, dan 6. Hal ini dapat ditingkatkan dengan berbagai usulan, yang pertama meningkatkan skill para tenaga kerja, dan mengupayakan para tenaga kerja dapat bekerja saat produksi bekerja, kemudian yang kedua melakukan proses maintenance secara rutin, lalu memberi alat penyedot suhu panas, untuk faktor mesin bisa membeli alat otomatis sehingga dapat mempercepat proses percetakan, dan menjalin hubungan dengan supplier bahan baku sehingga dapat memberikan bahan baku yang berkualitas.
Penerapan Prinsip Kaizen dalam Metode PDCA Sebagai Upaya Perbaikan Kualitas Produk Gentong
Authors: Dhani Rama , Mayasari Andhika
Published: February 2022

Kualitas adalah suatu hal yang sangat penting bagi perusahaan dalam menciptakan produk. Suatu perusahaan juga harus bisa mengendalikan kualitas produknya, mengingat persaingan kualitas produk sangat ketat pada saat ini, dengan meningkatkan kualitas produk diharapkan dapat bertahan dan terus meningkatkan posisinya di dalam pasar. Upaya perbaikan ataupun pengendalian kualitas ini dapat dimulai dengan mencari titik permasalahan yang menjadi penyebab prodok cacat. Untuk mengetahui sebab akibat maka digunakanlah diagram Fishbone. Selanjutnya memperbaiki sistem ataupun budaya kerja dengan menerapkan prinsip kaizen yaitu seiri, seiton, seiso, shiketsu dan shitsuke. Dari hasil analisis pada produksi gentong tanah liat menunjukkan bahwa jenis cacat yang sering terjadi yaitu pecah, retak, rompal, tidak presisi dan gosong. Dalam 8 kali produksi ada 32 produk cacat dari 3 titik proses produksi, yaitu pada proses pengeringan ada 9 produk cacat, 7 produk cacat di bagian proses penyimpanan dan di bagian proses pembakaran ada 16 produk cacat dengan persentase kumulatif sebanyak 5% dari total produksi. Adapun solusi yang diusulkan yaitu dengan menerapkan konsep kaizen dan siklus PDCA sebagai upaya perbaikan kualitas secara terus menerus.
PERANCANGAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK MESIN PERONTOK BULU AYAM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE KANSEI ENGINEERING
Authors: Akmal Muh. , Ghani Sulung Rahmawan Wira
Published: February 2022

Mesin perontok bulu ayam merupakan alat yang dapat digunakan untuk mencabut bulu ayam secara otomatis tanpa harus menggunakan cara manual. Namun masih banyak produsen ayam potong di daerah Gudo yang menggunakan cara tradisional dalam proses pencabutan bulu ayam yang dapat mempengaruhi efisiensi dan produktifitas ayam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode Kansei Engineering (Rekayasa Kansei) untuk memadukan kansei (perasaan serta emosi) dengan keahlian ilmu rekayasa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan mengembangkan alat perontok bulu ayam agar lebih efisien. Hasil kuesioner dari responden kemudian diuji menggunakan uji validitas yang didapatkan ada 10 kata kansei word yang valid. Data yang valid kemudian diuji dengan uji reliabilitas dengan hasil 10 kata kansei word yang reliabel dikatakan reliabel karena nilai Cronbach's Alpha 0,880 > rtabel 0,444. Pengujian selanjutnya menggunakan uji KMO dengan hasil Angka test Bartlett 0,517 serta nilai MSA keseluruhan > 0,5 dan signifikansi dibawah 0,05, maka variabel bisa digunakan untuk penyebaran kuesioner Semantic Differential II. Kuesioner dari responden kemudian diolah menggunakan analisis Conjoint dan Multivariat dengan hasil yang didapatkan ada 8 sampel  desain produk dimana sampel produk pertama yang terpilih sebagai usulan desain mesin perontok bulu ayam dengan spesifikasi bentuk persegi panjang, bahan besi, sistem penggerak mesin bor dan berukuran kecil.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Menggunakan Metode Servqual Di Sanjaya Fitnes Jombang
Authors: Wibowo Setiyo , Muflihah Nur
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pelanggan terhadap pelayanan Sanjaya Fitnes. sasaran penelitian ini yaitu member Sanjaya Fitnes. Pengujian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji kecukupan data, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji menggunakan metode servqual dan uji menggunakan metode IPA. Metode servqual adalah salah satu metode yang biasa digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas pelayanan. Dengan hasil yang didapat pada masing-masing pengujian antara lain jumlah responden minimum adalah 44 responden, nilai dari uji validitas > 0,278, nilai uji reliabilitas > 0,6 dan uji servqual didapatkan nilai kesenjangan setiap dimensi dan nilai rata-rata dari semua dimensi. Sehingga didapatkan dimensi tangible dengan nilai negatif terbesar yaitu -0,12 dan didapat nilai kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di sanjaya fitnes  dengan demikian pelanggan sanjaya sudah bisa dikatakan puas dengan pelayanan yang diberikan. Untuk analisis IPA didapatkan hasil pernyataan yang menempati kuadran A meliputi P1 yaitu alat dan fasilitas yang disediakan di sanjaya fitnes sudah memenuhi kenyamanan dalam berolahraga, P2 yaitu perhatian yang diberikan pada pelanggan sudah sangat membantu saat mengalami kesulitan dalam latihan, P8 yaitu sanjaya fitnes merespon semua kritik dan saran dengan benar dan cepat, P13 yaitu kondisi ruangan sudah memenuhi standar keamanan dan keselamatan, P14  perawatan selalu dirawat dengan baik sehingga keselamatan dalam latihan selalu terjaga, dan P19 pelayanan yang diberikan sanjaya fitnes sudah dengan harapan pelanggan.
Efektifitas Beberapa Tanaman dalam Mengendalikan Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica)
Authors: Ahyanti Mei , Yushananta Prayudhy , Usman Sarip
Published: March 2022

WHO menyatakan diare sebagai ancaman kesehatan. Di Indonesia, hingga saat ini diare masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Prevalensi diare di Provinsi Lampung tahun 2018 sebesar 4,51% menyebar di setiap kabupaten / kota. Peningkatan penyakit diare terjadi karena mengkonsumsi makanan yang tercemar oleh mikroorganisme melalui perantara lalat. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian yang dilakukan untuk menguji efektifitas berbagai tanaman dalam mengendalikan lalat rumah (Musca domestica). Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan bahan aktif potensial sebagai bioinsectisida berbasis tanaman dan membuktikan bahwa bahan aktif pada tanaman dapat digunakan sebagai bioinsectisida untuk mengendalikan lalat. Tahapannya adalah ekploring bahan aktif pada tanaman, penentuan tanaman dengan kandungan bahan aktif tertinggi, dan uji coba ektrak tanaman terhadap mortalitas lalat. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial. Variabel yang dikaji adalah konsentrasi dan waktu kontak terhadap kematian lalat dengan dua kali pengulangan. Penelitian ini menemukan tanaman yang efektif sebagai bioinsectisida dalam mengendalikan lalat rumah (Musca domestica) adalah daun pepaya
Болезнь в жизненном мире подростка: по материалам рассказов Ю. Кузнецовой и Н. Назаркина
Authors: Поповкина Г.С.
Published: March 2022

В статье исследуется актуальная для медико-антропологического направления проблема жизненного мира больных детей, их представлений о болезни и её осознания. В качестве источника привлечены литературные произведения, в которых очень точно изображены больничные будни и переживание их детьми и тонко описаны не только настроение и характер героев, но и сам мир болезни, в котором оказались дети. С помощью феноменолого-герменевтического подхода осуществлена экспликация смыслового горизонта феномена болезни и связанных с нею феноменов жизни и смерти. Выяснено, что болезнь, ограничивая подростков в жизненных возможностях, делает их изобретательными, чуткими, рассудительными, требовательными к себе и окружающим, заставляет раньше взрослеть. Болеющие дети обострённо чувствуют несправедливость болезни и смерти, ощущают хрупкость жизни. Внимание и помощь родителей помогают им ненадолго забыть о своём болезненном состоянии. Проведенное исследование является первым шагом в изучении феномена болезни в жизненном мире детей. Полноценное раскрытие этого феномена требует дополнения литературных источников полевым материалом. Однако необходимо учитывать, что болеющие дети – особые информанты со специфическим положением, что делает сбор полевого материала сложной, а иногда – невыполнимой задачей, в связи с чем талантливо написанные литературные произведения по данной теме заслуживают дальнейшего исследования.
in English:
The article examines the life-world of sick children, their ideas about the disease, and their awareness of it, which is relevant for medical and anthropological science. The study is based on literary works, which accurately depict hospital life and children's experience and insightfully describe the mood and character of the characters and the world of the illness itself. The phenomenological-hermeneutic approach is used to explain the semantic horizon of the phenomenon of illness and the phenomena of life and death associated with it. It was found that the disease, while limiting adolescents in life opportunities, makes them inventive, sensitive, reasonable, demanding of themselves and those around them, encouraging them to grow up earlier. Sick children sharply feel the injustice of illness and death and sense the fragility of life. Parents' attention helps them forget about their painful condition for a while. This study is the first step in studying the phenomenon of disease in the life-world of children. Full disclosure of this phenomenon requires supplementing literary sources along with field material. However, it should be borne in mind that sick children are special informants with a specific situation, which makes collecting field material a complex and sometimes impossible task, and therefore talentedly written literary works on this topic deserve further research.
Silicon- and Phosphate-Solubilizing Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 Alleviate Low Phosphorus Availability Stress in Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: El Moukhtari Ahmed , Lamsaadi Nadia , Farssi Omar , Oubenali Aziz , El Bzar Ismail , Lahlimi Alami Qamar , Triqui Zine El Abidine , Lazali Mohamed , Farissi Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Low phosphorus (P) availability is a major limiting factor facing current agriculture in several agricultural areas. Many P fertilizers are applied to enhance P availability; however, the major part is likely to lose due to various processes related to P cycle. Silicon (Si) treatment and P-solubilizing bacteria inoculation have been emerged as a promising way to improve plant P nutrition. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of Si treatment and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica PF9 strain inoculation on plant growth, P nutrition, acid phosphatase (APase) activity, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant metabolism in the Moroccan alfalfa population Oued Lmalah (OL) under low P availability. Results revealed a significant reduction in dry biomass, plant height, leaf number, and area under low P conditions. P deficiency also altered P nutrition and chlorophyll (Chl) content. However, P-deficient alfalfa plants treated with Si or inoculated with PF9 strain displayed higher plant growth, Chl content, and remarkably the effect was much higher when Si was applied together with PF9 strain. Moreover, the simultaneous application of Si and PF9 strain to the P-deficient alfalfa plants improved APase activity and as a result, P contents in both the shoots and roots. Results also showed that the application of both the Si and PF9 counteracted the low P availability stress-induced oxidative damage by lowering the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), electrolyte leakage, and lipid peroxidation. This seems to be related to the ability of both the Si and PF9 strain to modulate both the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules including superoxide dismutase activity, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and proline contents. Our findings suggest that the combined application of Si and P. alkylphenolica PF9 strain could be a promising way for improving growth of alfalfa under low-P availability.
Simple Preparation of a Waterborne Polyurethane Crosslinked Hydrogel Adhesive With Satisfactory Mechanical Properties and Adhesion Properties
Authors: Shen Jiahao , Zhang Heng , Zhu Jingxin , Ma Yanlong , He Hongwei , Zhu Fengbo , Jia Lan , Zheng Qiang
Published: March 2022

Waterborne polyurethane has been proven to be an ideal additive for the preparation of hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties. This work reports that a satisfactory adhesion of acrylamide hydrogels can be obtained by introducing a large amount of waterborne polyurethane into system. A series of polyurethane hydrogels was prepared by using one-pot method with acrylamide monomer and 2-hydroxymethyl methacrylate end-modified waterborne polyurethane emulsion. The hydrogels exhibit good strength (greater than 30 KPa), wide range of adjustable strain (200%–800%), and excellent compression fatigue resistance. The performance improvement is attributed to the fact that the polyurethane emulsion containing double bonds provides chemical crosslinking and forms polyurethane microregions due to hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. The hydrogel shows extensive and repeatable adhesion on diverse substrates. This simple preparation method through polyurethane crosslinked hydrogels is expected to become a low-cost and efficient preparation strategy for hydrogel adhesives.
New Insights into the Distribution and Evolution of WNW-Directed Faults in the Liaodong Bay Subbasin of the Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China
Authors: Li Wei , Meng Meifang , Zhang Tongjie , Chen Xingpeng , Liu Yiming , Wang Di , Yang Haifeng , Niu Chengmin
Published: March 2022

WNW-directed faults are widespread in eastern China, but debates regarding their distributions and evolutionary processes remain unsettled. Based on the latest 3-D seismic data, a series of WNW-directed faults south of the Liaodong Bay subbasin was identified, for which the evolution and formation mechanisms were discussed. The results show that four WNW-directed faults are characterized by poor continuity and nearly parallel orientations. Vertically, they exhibit listric geometries and cut through Paleozoic and Mesozoic formations. Since the late Triassic, these faults began as reverse faults under nearly S-N horizontal compression. In the Jurassic, those faults maintained their reverse-faulting activities with dramatically decreased intensities. In the Early Cretaceous, the WNW-directed faults were changed into normal faults under regional extension and were influenced by the sinistral strike-slip movement along the Tan-Lu fault zone. In the Late Cretaceous, the WNW-directed normal faults probably stopped moving due to a regional compressional event. During the Paleogene, the WNW-directed faults were reactivated with decreased intensities and were cut by NNE-directed faults. Here, we emphasize that the evolution of the WNW-directed faults could shed light on the regional tectonics. The WNW-trending faults that developed in the Liaodong Bay subbasin are closely related to the faults in the Yanshan orogenic belt. Therefore, investigating the characteristics and origin of WNW-induced faults will provide evidence for the tectonic evolution of the North China Block. In addition, the development of WNW-directed faults in the southern Liaodong Bay subbasin was conducive to the formation of buried Mesozoic and Paleozoic hills and hydrocarbon accumulations. In addition, we suggest that the compressional segment of the conjugated strike-slip transition zone that was formed by the interaction of the WNW- and NNE-directed strike-slip faults was conducive to hydrocarbon accumulations.
Characteristics of Porosity and Permeability of Ultra-High Temperature Perforated Damage Zone in Sandstone Targets
Authors: Xu Changgui , Liang Hao , Guo Shusheng
Published: March 2022

Perforating as a widely-applied stimulation technology is becoming incrementally important in unconventional oil/gas development. It can effectively improve deep-lying high-temperature, high-pressure (HTHP), low-porosity, low-permeability reservoirs, eliminate near-wellbore surface pollution, and increase drainage area. Characteristics of damage zone porosity directly reflect perforating performance. To study porosity and permeability of damage zone in sandstone targets, the paper collected sandstone cores from the 3rd section of the Zhuhai Formation to conduct a simulation experiment for HTHP perforation of large-size targets. After the simulation experiment, an automatic scanner was used to find the planar distribution of the porosity and permeability parameters of the 150°C perforation holes in the cores. The study led to two findings. First, the temperature has a minor effect on the hole depth and diameter in a specified scope. The hole depth decreases as the negative pressure increases and the depth decreases as the effective stress increases. Second, a UHP perforated sandstone target is remarkably zone-specific in planar distribution of the hole porosity and permeability. The damage zone can be divided into the fracture zone, the transition zone, the compaction zone and the undisturbed zone. Besides, the zone permeability damage was quantified. These findings can effectively support research on numerical value simulation for HTHP perforation holes. Besides, they can support HTHP well perforating design and improve near-wellbore permeability enhancement and plug removal.
Mapping Susceptibility With Open-Source Tools: A New Plugin for QGIS
Authors: Titti Giacomo , Sarretta Alessandro , Lombardo Luigi , Crema Stefano , Pasuto Alessandro , Borgatti Lisa
Published: March 2022

In this study, a new tool for quantitative, data-driven susceptibility zoning (SZ) is presented. The SZ plugin has been implemented as a QGIS plugin to maximize its operational use within the geoscientific community. QGIS is in fact a commonly used open-source geographic information system. We have scripted the plugin in Python, and developed it as a collection of functions that allow one to pre-process the input data, calculate the susceptibility, and then estimate the quality of the classification results. The susceptibility zoning can be carried out via a number of classifiers including weight of evidence, frequency ratio, logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and decision tree. The plugin allows one to use any kind of mapping units, to fit the model, to test it via a k-fold cross-validation, and to visualize the relative receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Moreover, a new classification method of the susceptibility index (SI) has been implemented in the SZ plugin. A typical workflow of the SZ plugin is described, and its application for landslide susceptibility zoning in Northeast India is reported. The data of the predisposing factors used are open, and the analysis has been carried out using a logistic regression and weight of evidence models. The corresponding area under the curve of the relative ROC curves reflects an optimal model prediction capacity. The user-friendly graphical interface of the plugin has allowed us to perform the analysis efficiently in few steps.
Phenalene—A New Ring-Locked Vinyl Bridge for Nonfullerene Acceptors With Enhanced Chemical and Photochemical Stabilities
Authors: Liu Hongtao , Hsieh Cheng-Tien , He Yaxin , Chueh Chu-Chen , Li Zhong’an
Published: March 2022

Currently, the two exocyclic vinyl bridges in the acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A)-type nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) have been widely recognized as one of the most vulnerable sites under external stresses. Embedding the exocyclic vinyl bridges into an aromatic ring could be a feasible solution to stabilize them. Herein, we successfully develop a phenalene-locked vinyl bridge via a titanium tetrachloride—pyridine catalytic Knoevenagel condensation, to synthesize two new A–D–A-type unfused NFAs, EH-FPCN and O-CPCN, wherein malononitrile is used as the electron-deficient terminal group while fluorene and carbazole rings are used as the electron-rich cores, respectively. These two NFAs possess wide bandgaps associated with deep energy levels, and significantly enhanced chemical and photochemical stabilities compared to the analogue molecule O-CzCN with normal exocyclic vinyl bridges. When pairing with a narrow bandgap polymer donor PTB7-Th, the fabricated EH-FPCN- and O-CPCN-based organic solar cells achieved power conversion efficiencies of 0.91 and 1.62%, respectively. The higher efficiencies for O-CPCN is attributed to its better film morphology and higher electron mobility in the blend film. Overall, this work provides a new design strategy to stabilize the vulnerable vinyl bridges of A–D–A-type NFAs.
Regional Sustainable Development and Spatial Effects From the Perspective of Renewable Energy
Authors: Cai Xiaowei , Wang Wenjing , Rao Amar , Rahim Syed , Zhao Xin
Published: March 2022

Green development is crucial for promoting high-quality and sustainable economic and social development. In China, green development is key to achieving the national goals of building a beautiful China and rejuvenating the nation. In this study, we employed a slacks-based measure data envelopment analysis method to calculate the green development efficiency value of panel data from Anhui Province, China, from 2005 to 2020. Moreover, the Malmquist Index was used to dynamically analyze the green total-factor productivity and decomposition index of 16 cities in Anhui Province. Exploratory spatial data analysis was used to measure the spatial relationship of the green development efficiency value for each province in Anhui Province. Then, we established the spatial lag model according to the spatial correlation and perform a comprehensive analysis of the impact and spillover effects. The results show that: The overall green development efficiency of all urban areas in Anhui Province showed a fluctuating trend, but most cities exhibiting medium of higher green development efficiency.Various cities exhibited spatial aggregation, with high, high, and low values of green development efficiency.The industrial structure, digital economy development, and the urbanization level showed relatively significant positive correlations with the regional economic development level, whereas the energy structure and level of opening up showed a significant negative correlation.The influence of environment management and scientific and technological development was not significant.the industrial structure, and the urbanization rate showed positive effects on local green development but negative spillover effects on surrounding areas, whereas the energy structure, relative economic development, and level of opening up produced positive spillover effects.
Case Report: A Rare Case of Thrombotic Microangiopathy Induced by Remethylation Disorders
Authors: Pang Lu , Chen Jian , Yu Haiyan , Huang Haiming , Jin Bo , Wang Xin , Li Haixia
Published: March 2022

In this research, we described a very rare case of thrombotic microangiopathy induced by remethylation disorders. A 16-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with 5 months of weakness and fatigue. He was diagnosed with thrombotic microangiopathy based on clinical manifestation and laboratory information, which showed microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, renal impairment, and thrombocytopenia. After a complex diagnostic workup, the metabolite screening parameters and sequencing results guided us toward the diagnosis of remethylation disorders. The patient was diagnosed with thrombotic microangiopathy induced by remethylation disorders (cblC).
Prevalence and Risk Factors of High-Risk Population for Stroke: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey in Southwestern China
Authors: Yi Xingyang , Chen Hong , Wang Yanfen , Yu Ming , Luo Hua , Wang Chun , Wei Wei , Chen Xiaorong , Bao Shaozhi
Published: March 2022

With the aging of the population and the change of lifestyle in China, the prevalence and risk factors of the high-risk population for stroke may change. However, few studies performed community-based high-risk stroke population surveys in China. Hence, we performed this multicenter, cross-sectional, and community-based survey in Sichuan of southwestern China, according to the China National Stroke Screening Survey (CNSSS) program in 2015. The residents aged ≥ 40 years volunteered to participate in the face-to-face survey in 8 communities in Sichuan. The 8 communities were selected using the cluster randomization method. Subjects with at least three of the eight stroke-related risk factors were classified as a high-risk population for stroke. Otherwise were classified as a low-risk population for stroke. Furthermore, 1,011 individuals were randomly selected among the low-risk population for stroke as controls. Among 16,892 participants, 2,369 (14.0%) were high-risk population for stroke. After full adjustments, all eight risk factors for stroke were significantly associated with the high-risk population for stroke (P < 0.001). The largest contributor was hypertension [population-attributable risk (PAR) 28.4%], followed by physical inactivity (PAR 14.2%), dyslipidemia (PAR 11.2%), overweight/obesity (PAR 9.4%), diabetes (PAR 7.2%), family history (PAR 6.8%), smoking (PAR 5.9%), and atrial fibrillation (PAR 3.5%). Carotid atherosclerosis was more serious in the high-risk population for stroke than in controls (P < 0.05). The prevalence of the high-risk population for stroke was high in southwestern China. Hypertension, physical inactivity, and dyslipidemia were stronger contributors for the high-risk population for stroke. Individual-level and population-level interventions for these leading risk factors are very important for the primary prevention of stroke.
Benign Recurrent Vertigo: The Course of Vertigo Attacks Compared to Patients With Menière's Disease and Vestibular Migraine
Authors: van Leeuwen Roeland B. , Colijn Carla , van Esch Babette F. , Schermer Tjard R.
Published: March 2022

Objective

To explore the course of vertigo attacks in patients with benign recurrent vertigo (BRV) as compared to patients with Menière's disease (MD) and vestibular migraine (VM).

Study design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Tertiary referral center.

Patients

Adult patients who visited the Apeldoorn Dizziness Center between January 2015 and November 2016 and who were diagnosed with BRV, VM or MD. During 3 years participants were contacted every 6 months by telephone to complete a study-specific questionnaire.

Main Outcome Measures

Vertigo attack frequency, use of medication, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Results

The study population (n = 121) consisted of 44 patients with BRV, 34 with VM, and 43 with MD. For the total follow-up period no statistically significant differences between the three diagnosis groups were observed for being attack-free in the past 6 months: OR = 0.86 (95% CI 0.34–2.17; p = 0.745) for VM and OR = 1.06 (95% CI 0.44–2.51; p = 0.902) for MD, compared to BRV. Overall, 19 patients (43.2%) with BRV, 13 (38.2%) with VM, and 35 (81.0%) with MD used medication to prevent vertigo attacks at any point during their 3-year follow-up. Throughout the observation period patients with MD showed an average of 3.37 points (95% CI 0.68–6.07; p = 0.014) higher HADS scores relative to patients with BRV.

Conclusion

The course of vertigo attacks was rather favorable in the three groups, as 67–70% of the patients were free of vertigo attacks after 3 years of follow-up. The course of disease in patients with BRV was not distinctive from patients with MD and VM. We assume that BRV is a mild or incomplete variant of VM and MD, rather than a separate disease entity with distinct pathognomonic features.
When the Whole Is Less Than the Sum of Its Parts: Maximum Object Category Information and Behavioral Prediction in Multiscale Activation Patterns
Authors: Karimi-Rouzbahani Hamid , Woolgar Alexandra
Published: March 2022

Neural codes are reflected in complex neural activation patterns. Conventional electroencephalography (EEG) decoding analyses summarize activations by averaging/down-sampling signals within the analysis window. This diminishes informative fine-grained patterns. While previous studies have proposed distinct statistical features capable of capturing variability-dependent neural codes, it has been suggested that the brain could use a combination of encoding protocols not reflected in any one mathematical feature alone. To check, we combined 30 features using state-of-the-art supervised and unsupervised feature selection procedures (n= 17). Across three datasets, we compared decoding of visual object category between these 17 sets of combined features, and between combined and individual features. Object category could be robustly decoded using the combined features from all of the 17 algorithms. However, the combination of features, which were equalized in dimension to the individual features, were outperformed across most of the time points by the multiscale feature of Wavelet coefficients. Moreover, the Wavelet coefficients also explained the behavioral performance more accurately than the combined features. These results suggest that a single but multiscale encoding protocol may capture the EEG neural codes better than any combination of protocols. Our findings put new constraints on the models of neural information encoding in EEG.
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Microenvironment: Past, Current, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Su Zhi Yi , Siak Pui Yan , Leong Chee-Onn , Cheah Shiau-Chuen
Published: March 2022

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy that raises public health concerns in endemic countries. Despite breakthroughs in therapeutic strategies, late diagnosis and drug resistance often lead to unsatisfactory clinical outcomes in NPC patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex niche consisting of tumor-associated cells, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, leukocytes, that influences tumor initiation, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Cells in the TME communicate through various mechanisms, of note, exosomes, ligand-receptor interactions, cytokines and chemokines are active players in the construction of TME, characterized by an abundance of immune infiltrates with suppressed immune activities. The NPC microenvironment serves as a target-rich niche for the discovery of potential promising predictive or diagnostic biomarkers and the development of therapeutic strategies. Thus, huge efforts have been made to exploit the role of the NPC microenvironment. The whole picture of the NPC microenvironment remains to be portrayed to understand the mechanisms underlying tumor biology and implement research into clinical practice. The current review discusses the recent insights into the role of TME in the development and progression of NPC which results in different clinical outcomes of patients. Clinical interventions with the use of TME components as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets, their challenges, and future perspectives will be introduced. This review anticipates to provide insights to the researchers for future preclinical, translational and clinical research on the NPC microenvironment.
Factors Influencing Total Delay of Breast Cancer in Northeast of China
Authors: Ren Sihang , Zhang Yuting , Qin Pan , Wang Jia
Published: March 2022

Objectives

Delay in diagnosis and treatment, called total delay, could probably result in lower survival rates in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the comprehensive delay behaviors and to evaluate its effect on outcomes in patients with breast cancer in Dalian, a northeast city of China.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted using a cancer registry dataset including 298 patients. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to identify the threshold of total delay, dividing the patients into a group with significant uncertainty and a group without substantial delay. The factors associated with the significant total delay were investigated from the potential candidates, like income level and marital status, by using the chi-squared test. The difference of the clinicopathologic characteristics between the patients grouped by the significant total delay, like tumor size and lymph node metastasis, was also investigated to find out the effect of the total delay.

Results

A total of 238 charts were used for analysis. The mean age was 57.3. The median of total delays was 3.75 months. Thirty days was identified as a threshold, more than which the total delay can lead to worse survival. Patients’ marital status (p = 0.010), income levels (p = 0.003), smoking status (p = 0.031), initial visiting hospital level (p = 0.005), self-health care (p = 0.001), and self-concern about initial symptom (p ≈ 0.000) were identified as the independent predictors of the total delay. Metastasis (p ≈ 0.000) was identified as the significant result relating to the significant total delay.

Conclusions

A total delay of more than 30 days predicts worse survival in breast cancer patients in Dalian. Several factors, like patients’ marital status and income levels, can be considered to be relevant to the significant total delay. We recommend that these factors be used to predict the potential patients with the significant total delay in the clinical practice.
White Matter Tracts and Diffuse Lower-Grade Gliomas: The Pivotal Role of Myelin Plasticity in the Tumor Pathogenesis, Infiltration Patterns, Functional Consequences and Therapeutic Management
Authors: Duffau Hugues
Published: March 2022

For many decades, interactions between diffuse lower-grade glioma (LGG) and brain connectome were neglected. However, the neoplasm progression is intimately linked to its environment, especially the white matter (WM) tracts and their myelin status. First, while the etiopathogenesis of LGG is unclear, this tumor seems to appear during the adolescence, and it is mostly located within anterior and associative cerebral areas. Because these structures correspond to those which were myelinated later in the brain maturation process, WM myelination could play a role in the development of LGG. Second, WM fibers and the myelin characteristics also participate in LGG diffusion, since glioma cells migrate along the subcortical pathways, especially when exhibiting a demyelinated phenotype, which may result in a large invasion of the parenchyma. Third, such a migratory pattern can induce functional (neurological, cognitive and behavioral) disturbances, because myelinated WM tracts represent the main limitation of neuroplastic potential. These parameters are critical for tailoring an individualized therapeutic strategy, both (i) regarding the timing of active treatment(s) which must be proposed earlier, before a too wide glioma infiltration along the WM bundles, (ii) and regarding the anatomic extent of surgical resection and irradiation, which should take account of the subcortical connectivity. Therefore, the new science of connectomics must be integrated in LGG management, based upon an improved understanding of the interplay across glioma dissemination within WM and reactional neural networks reconfiguration, in order to optimize long-term oncological and functional outcomes. To this end, mechanisms of activity-dependent myelin plasticity should be better investigated.