bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keratopathy in Patients with Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis: Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Modern Interferon Preparations
Authors: Drozdova E. A. , Golubev S. Yu. , Brzheskiy V. V. , Romanova E. A. , Kireeva V. A. , Berdnikova E. V.
Published: April 2023

It is considered, that one of the main directions of treatment of adenovirus conjunctivitis is the appointment of interferon alpha-2b in combination with diphenhydramine, which until recently was provided by the only original drug. In 2020, the first generic drug, Interferon-Oftalmo, would be registered in Russia.

The purpose: to evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety and tolerability of treatment of patients with keratopathy against the background of adenovirus keratoconjunctivitis with Interferon-Oftalmo and Oftalmoferon.

Material and methods. The comparative analysis included completed cases of treatment of 51 patients (102 eyes) aged 18–75 years with clinical signs of keratopathy against the background of epidemic adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis. Patients of the first group (n = 27, 54 eyes) on the background of tear replacement therapy received eight instillations of the drug Interferon-Ophthalmo, the second (n = 24, 48 eyes) received Oftalmoferon. The observation period was 15 days. Treatment efficacy was assessed based on a quantitative analysis of the dynamics of clinical symptoms of inflammation and the state of the cornea, the severity of subjective manifestations of ocular surface xerosis using the ocular surface damage index (OSDI), as well as the stability of the tear film. Safety and tolerability were also evaluated.

Results. Against the background of complex therapy, which included the instillation of Interferon-Ophthalmo or Oftalmoferon, all patients showed comparable dynamics in the relief of the inflammatory process and keratopathy. This was expressed in a statistically significant decrease in the severity of foreign body sensation, lacrimation, itching, eyelid edema, conjunctival edema and hyperemia, follicular reaction, conjunctival hemorrhages, punctate keratopathy, subepithelial infiltrates in the cornea. In both groups, there was a steady downward trend in OSDI against the background of an increase in the stability of the tear film and an increase in maximally corrected visual acuity. The safety and tolerability profile of the drugs was assessed as comparably favorable.

Conclusion. The inclusion of the drug Interferon-Oftalmo in the complex therapy of adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis allows us to expect a comparable effect on the course of the disease compared to the original drug Oftalmoferon.
The Role of Anamnesis in Modern Ophthalmic Practice: a Clinical Case
Authors: Trubilin V. N. , Poluninа E. G. , Kurenkov V. V. , Kasparova E. A. , Trubilin A. V. , Evstigneeva Yu. V. , Hazime Yu. M.
Published: April 2023

Eyes’ dryness continues to be the most frequent complication after LASIK. As a rule, it disappear in the vast majority of patients during the first year after surgery. The conducted studies indicate that complaints of eyes’ dryness in the preoperative period significantly increase the risk of developing a severe form of dry eye syndrome in the postoperative period, especially in middle-aged women (45–59 years) and older. The clinical case presented in this article indicates the development of a severe form of dry eye syndrome after LASIK in a middle-aged patient receiving hormone replacement therapy for menopause, complaining of a feeling of dryness and discomfort in the eyes in the preoperative period, with intolerance to contact lenses and taking antidepressants in the absence of signs of severe dry eye in the preoperative period. Consequently, surgical intervention led to the development of the mentioned above condition. It is confirmed by the literature data indicating that the above factors can cause the development of a severe form of dry eye syndrome after LASIK. Taking into account the fact that tear production tests do not always correlate with the intensity of complaints of dryness, burning sensation, pain in the eyes, the most important component at the stage of deciding on the feasibility of refractive surgery in a particular patient is the collection of anamnesis and clinical picture. When preparing patients with a history of dry eye syndrome for refractive surgery, it is necessary to inform them that they have a significantly increased risk of developing dry eye syndrome. It may persist in the long-term postoperative period, and possibly go into a chronic form. Candidates for refractive surgery in the presence of complaints characteristic of dry eye syndrome can only be those patients who respond well to therapy aimed at relieving these symptoms in the preoperative period. Taking into account the multicomponent nature of pain in dry eye syndrome — nociceptive pain, which is formed at the stage of receptor irritation in the corneal tissue, and neuropathic pain that occurs with the participation of the peripheral and central nervous system, a comprehensive approach is needed in the treatment of dry eye syndrome.
Clinical Case of Cataract Phacoemulsification with Implantation of a Multifocal Intraocular Lens in a Patient with Posterior Keratoconus
Authors: Trubilin V. N. , Belikova E. I. , Sologubov A. A.
Published: April 2023

Purpose: to provide a clinical case of cataract phacoemulsification with implantation of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) in a patient with posterior keratoconus.

Clinical case. A 58-year-old patient came to the clinic with complaints of decreased visual acuity in both eyes over the past 2 years. A series of standard instrumental examinations and Scheimpflug keratotopography were performed. An initial age-related cataract, moderate hyperopia, complex hyperopic astigmatism, posterior keratoconus, and peripheral chorioretinal dystrophy was diagnosed.

Results and discussion. To achieve high visual functions and correct presbyopia, the patient was offered phacoemulsification surgery with implantation of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) Oculentis in the right eye and a multifocal toric one in the left one.

Conclusion. The result of our surgical treatment showed the multipurpose of the multifocal IOL Oculentis in some nonstandard cases and conditions of the cornea.
Prediction of the Functional Result of Surgery for the Full Thickness of the Macular Hole Based on the Analysis of the Safety of Retinal Tissue
Authors: Popov E. M. , Maltsev D. S. , Kulikov A. N.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To study the relationship between baseline optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics of preservation of the neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and functional outcome after full thickness macular hole (FTHM) surgery.

Materials and methods. Patients with complete postoperative anatomical closure of the FTMH were included in this prospective interventional study. All patients received a standard ophthalmological examination and OCT before surgical treatment. At baseline the area and reflectivity of the neurosensory retina at the edges of the hole was measured on cross-sectional OCT scans. The reflectivity of RPE was evaluated within the hole on structural en face projections of RPE slab. Six months postoperatively, correlation between baseline OCT characteristics and visual outcome was evaluated.

Results. Twenty-nine patients (30 eyes, 23 females and 6 males, average age — 66.2 ± 5.2 years) were included in the study. The final best-corrected visual acuity showed a statistically significant correlation with baseline best-corrected visual acuity (r = 0.75, p < 0.001), reflectivity of RPE (r = 0.81, p < 0.001), reflectivity of neurosensory retina (r = –0.88, p < 0.001), and its area (r = 0.41, p = 0.02).

Conclusion. OCT-characteristics of retinal tissue preservation, including the area and reflectivity of the neurosensory retina and reflectivity of the RPE within the hole, correlate with functional recovery after FTMH surgery.
Photobiomodulation in restorative dentistry and endodontics
Authors: Alex Immanuel Y  , Ataide Ida de Noronha de , Lambor Rajan
Published: April 2023

Photobiomodulation (PBM), often also known as low-level laser therapy, is a non-invasive method of treatment. It employs a specific wavelength of red and infrared light and induces several physiological responses in cells and tissues that form the foundation of PBM. This light treatment photochemically stimulates the cells to produce chemicals, such as adenosine triphosphate, reactive oxygen species, calcium ions, etc. This contributes further to cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration. On specific tissues, PBM aids in pain relief, stimulates tissue repair, and has an anti-inflammatory impact. PBM research began in the 1960s, and several earlier studies have demonstrated that this therapy has many uses in various dental specialities. At present, more research is being undertaken to identify other positive features of this medicine in the field of endodontics.
Exploring the capabilities and limitations of GPT and Chat GPT in natural language processing
Authors: Thakkar Krishna Yatin , Jagdishbhai Nimit
Published: April 2023

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has seen tremendous advancements with the development of Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) models and their conversational variant, ChatGPT. These language models have been shown to generate contextually appropriate and coherent responses to natural language prompts, making them highly useful for various NLP applications. However, there are still limitations to their performance and understanding these limitations is crucial for their effective utilization. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the capabilities and limitations of GPT and ChatGPT, covering their architecture, training processes, and evaluation metrics. The study also evaluates the performance of these models on various NLP tasks, including language translation, question-answering, and text summarization. The results reveal that while these models excel in certain tasks, they still face challenges in understanding context, generating diverse responses, and handling rare or out-of-domain inputs. The study concludes by discussing potential solutions and future research directions for improving the performance of GPT and ChatGPT in NLP applications.
A study of socio-economic and religious diversity of rubber cultivators in Tripura
Authors: Panigrahi Ashok , Chaudhury Suman Kalyan , Sarkar Sukanta , Pel David Riek
Published: April 2023

This paper is an attempt to highlight the socio-economic and religious life of tribal rubber cultivators in Tripura. It has been found that the majority of cultivators have a monthly income between Rs. 10,000-20,000. Income from rubber cultivation fluctuates due to the quality and quantity of latex. Hinduism is the popular religion among rubber cultivators. Rubber cultivators have the basic knowledge of writing, speaking and normal arithmetic calculation. The majority of households are actively involved in politics. Firewood is the main source of fuel, but the popularity of LPG is also growing. Electricity is the main source of energy. The use of tape water and tube well is increasing continuously. So, it can be concluded that the social-economic life of tribal rubber cultivators is empowered after rehabilitation in the rubber plantation.
Customer behaviour on investment in deposit schemes in Kerala: A case study
Authors: Karunakaran N , Ambika E.
Published: April 2023

Financial Analysis is a powerful mechanism of determining financial strengths and weakness of a firm. The financial statements are mirror which reflects the financial position and operating strength or weakness. Customer behaviours in relation to their income helped to know the trend of investment in various deposit schemes. The comparative statement, common size balance sheet and ratio analysis shows that the bank has a good financial position. Bank Surplus is increasing and liquidity position is fair but invests more in current asset than liquid asset.
Oxidation of Organic Compounds in Supercritical Fluid Conditions During Disposal of Industrial Waste Waters of Nizhnekamskneftekhim PJSC and Kazanorgsintez PJSC
Authors: Mazanov S.V. , Phan K.M. , Ayetov A.U. , Usmanov R.A. , Zaripov Z.I. , Shinkarev A.A. , Karalin E.A. , Gumerov F.M.
Published: April 2023

The study performed on the supercritical aqueous oxidation of organic compounds in the water runoff of Nizhnekamskneftekhim PJSC, which was formed at the stage of epoxidation of propylene with ethylbenzene hydroperoxide during the joint production of propylene and styrene oxide, as well as run-off at PJSC "Kazanorginsez", when obtaining phenol and acetone from "Bisphenol-A" plant. The article studies a continuous operation mode on a flow reactor with induction heating (the drain from PJSC "Nizhnekamneftekhim") and periodic on coming from PJSC "Kazanorginsez". It was identified that close to complete oxidation in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts was achieved in a continuous mode at a temperature of 823 K and an excess of oxygen equal to 4.
Investigation of Sewage Sludge for Obtaining Organomineral Fertilizer
Authors: Kravtsova M.V. , Charikov Yu.V. , Volkov D.A. , Melnikova D.A. , Pustovitova T.А. , Kravtsov M.V.
Published: April 2023

A technology for obtaining organomineral fertilizer based on sewage sludge from chemical enterprises is proposed, which allows increasing soil fertility due to the fine structure of bio-coal obtained during pyrolysis of sewage sludge, which retains nutrients in soils for a long time. Studies of sewage sludge before and after pyrolysis for compliance with agrochemical indicators of organic fertilizers according to GOST R 54651-2011 "Organic fertilizers based on sewage sludge" are presented. A method for obtaining organomineral fertilizer by mixing activated sludge with phosphorous flour and sawdust is proposed to ensure the stability of indicators according to the required values according to GOST criteria.
Efficiency and Environmental Safety of Water Disinfection with Hypochlorite
Authors: Primin O.G.
Published: April 2023

It is shown that in recent years, sodium hypochlorite has been effectively used as an alternative to chlorine gas at water management enterprises in Russian cities. It is noted that its bactericidal action is almost equivalent to chlorine and provides effective disinfection of water and protection against all known pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungal and protozoa. The criteria for the effectiveness and selection of concentrated and low-concentrated sodium hypochlorite for water disinfection are given.
Optimal Set of Criteria for the Zonal Forecast of the Potential for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in Geological Formations
Authors: Novikov D.A. , Fomina Ya.V. , Yurchik I.I. , Chernykh A.V. , Dultsev F.F. , Golovin S.V.
Published: April 2023

Geological criteria for the zonal evaluation of the RF territory potential for CO2 capture and storage are substantiated. The criteria of zonal forecast for the areas within the RF boundaries are proposed to arrange and monitor underground storage facilities are proposed on the basis of the international and Russian regulatory frameworks on the disposal of carbon dioxide, industrial wastewaters, toxic wastes, arrangement and monitoring of underground storage facilities for the purpose of implementing Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects. The scheme of investigation of the geological structures is built up, and brief characterization of each parameter along with its significance degree in the evaluation system is presented.
The relationship of laboratory values with prognosis in acute stroke recanalization treatment applied patients
Authors: ACIR İbrahim , ERDOĞAN Hacı Ali , OLGUN YAZAR Hülya , SUSKUN Melis , YAYLA Vildan
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Many factors affect the results of acute recanalization treatment and prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. Some markers which has a role in inflammation process cause atherosclerosis that leads to ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between admission laboratory findings and prognosis in patients to whom acute recanalization therapy were applied.
Methods: In our study, we evaluated 139 acute stroke patients to whom acute recanalization therapies had been applied. Demographic data, glomerular filtration rate, uric acid, albumin, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen values were evaluated. Admission and discharge National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale scores were recorded. The effect of laboratory parameters on prognosis was examined. P <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Tissue plasminogen activator therapy was applied to 53 (38.1%) patients, thrombectomy to 62 (44.6%) patients, tPA bolus+thrombectomy to 3 (2.2%) patients, tPA full dose+thrombectomy to 19 (13.7%), and thrombectomy+stent to 2 (1.4%) patients. None of the laboratory were statistically related to prognosis except for lymphocytes count (p = 0.012) and albumin (p = 0.01). There was no relationship between laboratory findings with hemorrhagic transformation and acute recanalization treatment outcome.
Conclusions: In the etiology of ischemic stroke, there are many inflammatory processes that cause atherosclerosis such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus. The effect of admission laboratory values on prognosis has not been clarified. In patients with acute recanalization therapies, admission laboratory findings has no effect on patient management. Consequently, laboratory parameters provide limited information about the prognosis of patients who underwent acute recanalization therapies.
Pain - Mechanism, Types, Pathways, And Management: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sharma Srishty , Sharma Sanjeev K , Awasthi Pardeep , Thakur Vivek , Dutt Anil , Kumar Manjeet
Published: April 2023

Pain is the most common symptom which brings a patient to the hospital. It is an unpleasant sensory or emotional experience that may or may not involve tissue damage. Understanding the mechanisms of pain is vital for the proper management of pain. Pain can be divided into acute and chronic pain on the basis of duration. Pain mechanisms are Nociceptive, Neuropathic, Nociplastic, and Psychogenic. Simple medications like acetaminophen can manage pain. However, uncontrolled pain may require opioids. Chronic and persistent pain may require pain management as per the WHO Ladder.
Wynikanie semantyczne w rachunku kwantyfikatorów
Authors: Kawecki Wojciech
Published: April 2023

Труд представляет собой некоторый метод формализации логического следствия на основе исчисления квантификаторов. Этот метод, основанный Бетом, является очень удобным инструментом, позволяющим в большинстве случаев отрицать исчисление или же обосновывать его путвм нахоидвния контрмодвли, или we путём доказательства, что контрмодели нет. Настоящая работа осуществляет некоторую систематизацию проблемы семантического следствия. Начальный фрагмент посвящён некоторым важным семантическим понятиям в исчислении квантификаторов. Затем приведены правила графика семантических диаграмм. Рассмотрены танжа вопросы сопоставления формул с тан называемыми деревьями. В дальнейших рассуждениях были подданы дискуссии типы графиков закрытых формул исчисления нвантифинаторов. Занлючивльнан часть работы содержит импозантные примеры для отличиыльмых типов графиков, кроме того, каждый пример графически проиллюстрирован соответствующим ему деревом.
Ekonomia personalistyczna jako próba integracji etyki i ekonomii na gruncie idei osoby
Authors: Drobny Paweł
Published: April 2023

The aim of the paper is an attempt to show that the personalist economy – by referring
to the idea of a person, containing and expressing all the dimensions of being
human in relation to the world of people and things – provides the ability to integrate
issues of ethics and economics. To achieve this goal, first, the concept of personalist
economics will be presented. Then, ideas common for economics and the ethics of
space, which can be a basis for integrating their issues, will be identified and characterized.
Finally, the author tries to present the consequences which may result
from such an integration, both for the economy as a science and as a practice of
everyday life.
Kategoria "moral capital" w etyce społeczno-gospodarczej
Authors: Wódka Marek
Published: April 2023

The theory of human capital is a vital common point of economics and social-economic
ethics. In the economic literature there are two accounts of human capital.
In the first account, the human capital is the human himself, as a creator of goods
and services (A. Smith, J.S. Mill, T.W. Schultz). In the other account, the capital
consists of the skills, abilities, knowledge, energy and health that the human possesses
(D. Begg, J.B. Say, G.S. Becker). In economic ethics, human capital is profoundly
analysed in relation to economic growth. However, the growth depends not
only on the physical and mental health of businesspersons and employees, their education
and professional skills, but also on their moral development. The category
of human capital – although it remains quite trendy – gets interpreted in reductionist
ways, i.e. in economic dimensions only, whereas the human factor in the economy
should be extended to the category of moral capital. These days, the concept of
moral capital begins to play a very serious role in the foundations of social sciences.
The objectives of this paper are: to compare different theories of human capital, to
emphasize the need for a comprehensive account of the subject, and to defend a thesis
that moral capital resources support business efficiency.
Wprowadzenie do problemu ubóstwa w ujęciu Amartyi Kumara Sena. Wymiar etyczny
Authors: Szymczak Damian
Published: April 2023

On the threshold of the 21st century the problem of poverty has not been dealt with yet. The world constantly suffers hunger, and many people have no access to running water or education. This raises fundamental question, which have bothered economy researchers for centuries: What determines the wealth of some countries, and the poverty of others? One of the contemporary researchers analysing the causes of poverty and development barriers is Indian economist Amartya Sen. Referring to the socio-economic theory of Sen, the author indicates that modernity implies the need for reflection on the definition of poverty. The author attempts to justify the thesis which focuses on the dissonance between the evaluation concepts of good and evil with objective economic factors which define poverty. The author claims that the definition of poverty should be grounded in considerations concerning good and evil in a specific time, as well as cultural and historical context.
Misje wybranych banków z perspektywy koncepcji CSR
Authors: Świeszczak Marika , Świeszczak Krzysztof
Published: April 2023

The way of functioning of commercial banks remained unchanged over the years
– from the institutions involved in the distribution of financial products and services
turned into organizations aspiring to the title of socially responsible entities.
This means that its activities include the interests of many groups, such as customers,
employees, shareholders, local communities and contractors. The result is
those banks that want to be recognized as socially responsible, take numerous
initiatives in areas not related to the sale, such as protection of the environment,
voluntary or society.
The directions of banks’ activity are determined by the key values, formulated
in the mission, which defines the core of the organization and lets them stand
out from the competitors. Institutions socially responsible also in this area should
take into account the concept of CSR by pointing to various interest groups and
taking various forms of activity.
The aim of the publication is to analyse the content of the missions of selected
commercial banks from the perspective of the various levels of responsibility
and groups of interest. The article hypothesized that not all of the analysed commercial
banks include in their missions the idea of corporate social responsibility,
and those that do are limited to specific areas of action and specific stakeholder
groups. The analysis was conducted on the basis of the contents available on the
websites of the 10 largest financial institutions in Poland in terms of assets.
Cuando Parménides se vio forzado a seguir los fenómenos : la evaluación aristotélica de la física parmenídea en Metafísica I, 5
Authors: Díaz María Elena
Published: April 2023

El desafío lanzado por el poema parmenídeo signó en gran medida el desarrollo de la metafísica griega clásica. Platón y Aristóteles, con matices y evaluaciones bien diferentes, se vieron en la necesidad de tomarlo como interlocutor de sus planteos acerca de la naturaleza del ser. El tratamiento que Aristóteles hace del filósofo eleata es complejo y rico en matices, aunque en general domina la imagen del impugnador del discurso físico contra el que, de modo contundente, argumenta en Física I.
La dialéctica socrático-platónica como ejercicio de discernimiento : la sofística a examen
Authors: Padilla Longoria María Teresa
Published: April 2023

La crítica socrático-platónica a la sofística permea buena parte de los diálogos. Al someter a examen (juicio) a la sofística, Platón realiza un doble trabajo: una autocrítica de sus propias ideas filosóficas y un afianzamiento de su idea de la filosofía como dialéctica frente a otras actividades como lo fueron la sofística, la erística, la antilógica y la retórica.
El filósofo como θεατής y el sofista como μιμητής. Platón frente a la sofística y el paradigma del teatro
Authors: Álvarez Lucas Manuel
Published: April 2023

Entre los siglos V y IV a. C., las Grandes Dionisias, el festival teatral más importante de Atenas, congregaba alrededor de quince mil espectadores. Su significación excedía ampliamente el plano estético, pues en las actividades que se desarrollaban en su marco se exhibía, se analizaba y hasta se refutaba la identidad cívica de la polis (Goldhill, 1997, pp. 54-59).
Reconsiderações sobre ἀνάμνησις no diálogo Mênon
Authors: Bocayuva Izabela
Published: April 2023

Como parte de un amplio recorrido por los mitos utilizados por Platón en su obra, retomamos la investigación de ἀνάμνησις. Ahora ya no la consideramos un mito, sino que, entendiendo que la reminiscencia es, en realidad, una concepción del conocimiento básico en la obra del pensador que estudiamos, afirmamos que se basa en el mito porque hubo contemplación de las ideas en un momento anterior al nacimiento: eso, ese supuesto ontológico, es un mito. Es incluso la trama del mito central del diálogo Fedro
Conflicto, oposición y pesimismo en la psicología platónica de República
Authors: Costa Rugnit Natalia
Published: April 2023

El artículo que sigue se encuadra en una investigación a largo plazo, cuyo centro de interés son los modos en que, a través de la historia de las ciencias y la filosofía, el hombre ha entendido la naturaleza, estructura y fenomenología de su propia psique.
La importancia de los principios. Una lectura de Timeo
Authors: Ferradas Samanez Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo explora un conjunto de notables coincidencias entre la actividad demiúrgica en el nivel cósmico descrita en el Timeo y ciertas actividades humanas de las que se habla en la parte inicial de dicho diálogo. A nuestro juicio, dichas coincidencias invitan a plantearnos la pregunta por el rol que, como ejemplo para la praxis humana, puede jugar la figura del demiurgo. Pese a ello, el repaso de la tradición hermenéutica en torno al Timeo permite constatar que la pregunta por la relación entre el discurso cosmogónico y el «prólogo» de dicho diálogo es una pregunta escasamente planteada en la literatura especializada reciente.
El carácter bivalente de τὸ θυμοειδές en República
Authors: Fierro María Angélica
Published: April 2023

Una de las contribuciones de Platón con su anatomía del alma tripartita de República es la de articular y desarrollar de un modo novedoso a través del concepto de τὸ θυμοειδές o, en una de sus traducciones más habituales en español, «lo irascible», muchas de las resonancias que despertaba el término θυμός en la cultura griega.
La irracionalidad de la ἐπιθυμία en la República de Platón
Authors: García Gabriel
Published: April 2023

La introducción en el libro IV de la República de una teoría del alma como constituida por tres «partes» ha sido uno de los aspectos más discutidos de la filosofía platónica. No solamente el motivo y alcance de la división del alma en parte racional (τὸ λογιστικόν), irascible (τὸ θυμοειδές) y apetitiva (τὸ ἐπιθυμητικόν) ha sido objeto de diversas interpretaciones, sino que existen discrepancias incluso respecto de la manera en que debe interpretarse cada una de las partes del alma.
Platón y el movilismo
Authors: Marcos de Pinotti Graciela E.
Published: April 2023

En Metafísica I, 6, 987a29 y siguientes, Aristóteles se refiere a las influencias que las doctrinas heraclíteas ejercieron sobre su maestro. La tesis de que todas las cosas sensibles están siempre en devenir no solo lo habría marcado en su juventud, a través de las enseñanzas de Crátilo, sino que Platón, informa su discípulo, habría seguido prestando adhesión a ellas. La afirmación ha abierto varios interrogantes a propósito del alcance del heraclitismo profesado por Platón, quien en Crátilo y Teeteto argumenta expresamente contra quienes niegan cualquier estabilidad y reducen todo a movimiento
Sustancia, tiempo y predicación
Authors: García Indalecio
Published: April 2023

Un problema que ha sido considerado ampliamente en numerosos estudios sobre Aristóteles es el de la identidad de la sustancia y, más exactamente, la identidad de la sustancia natural o física, que es la que comporta movimiento.
Sobre la filosofía como terapia en Séneca
Authors: Lozano-Vásquez Andrea
Published: April 2023

El propósito central de este texto es esbozar una lectura comprensiva de la obra de Séneca bajo la hipótesis de que esta tiene objetivos eminentemente prácticos y de que cada tipo de discurso, en virtud de sus peculiaridades, encaja en ellos de maneras distintas.
Hálito y teleología en la cosmología de los estoicos
Authors: Salles Ricardo
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo me ocupo del concepto de hálito o πνεῦμα y de su uso por parte los estoicos antiguos en el campo de la cosmología. El hálito es fundamental en la cosmología estoica, pues gracias a él el cosmos de los estoicos posee todas las cualidades que tiene. Esto se debe, argumentan ellos, a que, en general, cualquier cosa posee las cualidades que lo caracterizan gracias al hálito que contiene.
La praxis hermenéutica en la formación humanista
Authors: Obregón Cabrera José Luis
Published: April 2023

En esta presentación queremos analizar el rol que juega la praxis hermenéutica en la formación que ofrecen las humanidades al ser humano y la relevancia de estos saberes para la educación de la persona en una sociedad que otorga mayor prioridad a las ciencias naturales y la especialización tecnológica. En primer lugar, nos concentraremos en la indagación de las fuentes propias de las ciencias humanas que se lleva a cabo en Verdad y método (Gadamer, 1977), donde destacan los conceptos centrales del humanismo, en especial los conceptos de formación y de sensus communis. En efecto, Gadamer lleva a cabo una rehabilitación de las ciencias humanas, después de haber sido desprestigiadas por la concepción positivista de la ciencia. Esta indagación pretende mostrar el sentido práctico de las humanidades, esto es, un saber que forma al hombre en la comprensión de su propia existencia y en el reconocimiento y la solidaridad con otros. Por otro lado, se trata de mostrar el sentido de la praxis hermenéutica y su relevancia en las ciencias humanas. Gadamer rehabilita el sentido aristotélico de praxis como un saber que le permite al hombre orientar sus propias acciones y elecciones conforme a su racionalidad. Ahora bien, esta concepción de praxis se aplica al ámbito de la hermenéutica en tanto está directamente relacionada con las nociones de comprensión y diálogo. Dicha rehabilitación nos mostrará la actualidad de la praxis desde una perspectiva hermenéutica y su vinculación con el saber de las humanidades como saberes prácticos mediante los cuales el hombre comprende y orienta sus propias acciones y decisiones frente a los problemas de nuestro mundo globalizado.
La educación como emancipación : la responsabilidad crítica de las humanidades frente al neoliberalismo de nuestra época
Authors: Flores Moreno Adhemir
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo pretende ofrecer una respuesta crítica a esa relación dialéctica o conflictiva entre libre mercado y ciencias humanas en la universidad. En un primer momento, comenzaremos por abordar dicho problema a partir de una breve crítica inmanente de esa nueva forma de liberalismo llamada neoliberalismo. Luego, procederemos a examinar la validez de su rendimiento como programa económico y político en las instituciones educativas. Esto nos permitirá, en un tercer momento, comprender el lugar residual de las humanidades en esta nueva concepción de la universidad; pero también abrirá paso, finalmente, a una crítica que permitirá mostrar la necesidad de transformación de las propias ciencias humanas y explorar su potencial crítico para una educación que contribuya a la emancipación de las personas en la formación universitaria y en el orden social en perspectiva local y trasnacional.
La universidad ante el proyecto de la industria académica
Authors: Hoevel Carlos
Published: April 2023

Las ideas que quiero presentar en este texto —y que son una síntesis de varios años de investigación, experiencias y diálogos realizados tanto en mi propia universidad, como académico y directivo, como en otras universidades del mundo— intentan presentar un panorama general de lo que considero que es una radical novedad histórica. Mi opinión es que quien hoy busque entender y proponer algún camino hacia el futuro para las universidades está obligado a enfrentarse con crudeza a la realidad compleja e inquietante en la que actualmente están inmersas. Se trata, ciertamente, de una situación que no ha aparecido de la noche a la mañana, sino que es el resultado de una larga evolución histórica. No obstante, como también está ocurriendo en muchos otros ámbitos de la vida social y cultural, los cambios se han sucedido de un modo acelerado, especialmente en las dos últimas décadas. La velocidad de la transformación, no siendo completamente inesperada, toma así a la mayoría de nosotros casi por sorpresa.
Construyendo la distinción desde las humanidades : ideologías lingüísticas en la educación peruana
Authors: Andrade Ciudad Luis Florentino
Published: April 2023

En este artículo revisaremos las ideas de dos lingüistas peruanos sobre el campo educativo en dos momentos distintos de la historia del Perú. Nos interesa ver cómo imaginan estos lingüistas, José Jiménez Borja y Luis Hernán Ramírez, el destino de los idiomas, las variedades y las formas de habla en la escuela y en la universidad, y cómo construyen la distinción entre los diferentes grupos sociales. Aprovecharemos para ello las nociones de Bourdieu (2002, 2008a, 2008b, 2013) sobre el mercado lingüístico, así como otras aproximaciones a la educación como un espacio donde se produce diferencia a partir del lenguaje (Heller y Martin-Jones, 2001). También nos servirá el concepto de ideología lingüística, entendida como un conjunto de representaciones sobre el lenguaje que media entre las formas de habla y la estructura social (Irvine y Gal, 2000; Kroskrity, 2010; Woolard, 2012, Rosa y Burdick, 2017). De manera específica, nos servirá la oposición que se plantea desde la pedagogía de la escritura entre una perspectiva «descriptiva» y una perspectiva «crítica» de la enseñanza del lenguaje (Ivani® y Moss, 2004), así como el sistema de representación de procesos de Halliday ([1985] 1994), elaborado en el marco de la lingüística sistémico-funcional. De un modo más general, situamos nuestra indagación en el marco de la lingüística sociocultural (Bucholtz y Hall, 2005, 2008), que aborda la relación entre el lenguaje, la cultura y la sociedad desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria y desde el aporte de diversos campos de estudio como la sociolingüística, la antropología lingüística y el análisis del discurso.
La filosofía y las humanidades: autocomprensión y crítica de la sociedad
Authors: Leyva Gustavo
Published: April 2023

Son reiteradas las expresiones de preocupación que se escuchan, una y otra vez, dentro y fuera de Latinoamérica, acerca de una pretendida crisis y un incierto futuro de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades en el mundo entero. Estas preocupaciones tienen que ver con la asignación de recursos para su cultivo en las instituciones de investigación y docencia a nivel superior, con la significación y papel que ellas tienen en las sociedades modernas y, en general, con la relevancia que podrían tener en la actualidad de cara a problemas económicos, sociales, políticos y ecológicos que azotan al mundo moderno como guerras, pobreza, violencia, exclusión, o cambio climático. Puede recordarse a este respecto que al inicio del año 2017 tuvo lugar en Buenos Aires la Primera Reunión Ministerial de Seguimiento de la Agenda 2030 de Desarrollo Sostenible. Asimismo, vale la pena recordar sus diecisiete Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), en particular el cuarto de ellos, que tiene por objeto «Garantizar una educación de calidad, inclusiva y equitativa, y promover las oportunidades de aprendizaje permanente para todos»
La torre de marfil : la constitución de la idea de universidad y su difuminación contemporánea
Authors: del Valle Ballón Julio César
Published: April 2023

He decidido empezar con el Cantar de los Cantares porque sus versos respiran una atmósfera distinta, una atmósfera curiosamente propicia para pensar la universidad, las humanidades y la docencia. He decidido empezar con ellos para contrarrestar la imagen común que compara a la intelectualidad en la universidad con una fría y distante torre de marfil; he decidido empezar con estos versos, más aún, porque la metáfora de la torre de marfil parece muy simple; es más, parece casi desaparecer como metáfora y ser una expresión descriptiva de las humanidades. Si una metáfora es un escándalo semántico; perder de vista que una expresión es una metáfora, es aún más escandaloso. Una metáfora es un conjunto de palabras que no significan nada sin la disposición de la palabra a abrirse más allá de su significado literal o referencial. Requiere de un equilibrio de intenciones y es necesariamente opaca. Siempre es sospechosa la absoluta claridad de la metáfora. Algo se esconde siempre en su follaje. Ese follaje lo hemos perdido con esta metáfora. Para nosotros, la metáfora de la torre de marfil tiene la carga del prejuicio y la invectiva: la exclusión, separación, aislamiento, inutilidad de la función intelectual, de la academia. No es, claramente, el cuello de la amada. ¿Qué pasó, por qué? ¿Cuándo el hermoso cuello se transformó en un frío y ajeno limbo? Veamos la historia de la metáfora amparados por la sensualidad de los versos, es decir, tocados por la sensibilidad de la palabra, para recuperar emoción. Veamos cuánto podemos alcanzar a iluminar con ello el estado actual de las universidades y con ello el lugar de las humanidades. Me quedaré corto de luz y el tiempo será parco.
Por el bien de las humanidades : lectura, libertad, conocimiento, verdad, justicia y el lugar de las humanidades
Authors: Elior Rachel
Published: April 2023

Hace aproximadamente 2.300 años, el dramaturgo griego Menandro (342-291 a.e.c.) discutía la importancia de la lectura y el propósito de la educación: «Aquellos que saben leer ven el doble de bien». Él tenía razón: es indudable que una visión amplia y una percepción profunda —u horizontes amplios y una comprensión profunda— nos ayudan a lidiar con las complejidades de la condición humana y a librarnos de las cadenas de los estereotipos que oscurecen el pensamiento libre. Una visión y una percepción tales dependen de una lectura que ilumine lo concreto con la luz de lo abstracto, coloque la simplicidad del presente en el contexto del pasado complejo, ofrezca una reflexión profunda acerca de la vida humana, libere a las personas de los límites azarosos y arbitrarios dentro de los cuales ellas han nacido, y las transporte a mundos numerosos y diversos que nunca antes hayan visitado. Leer, quizá más que ninguna otra actividad humana, enseña a las personas a reconocer la brecha entre la realidad y lo que es deseable; a expandir las fronteras de lo obvio y a modificar axiomas fundamentales. Crea oportunidades para nuevas intuiciones acerca del contexto y las causas, las razones y los significados, la crítica y la moralidad, la sabiduría, la resistencia, la conciencia y la responsabilidad. Proporciona encuentros fascinantes entre los infinitos reinos del espíritu humano y la diversidad de la mente y el razonamiento humanos, con todas las inesperadas manifestaciones que pueden encontrarse bajo la superficie de experiencias sociales y culturales ostensiblemente familiares.
Usage digital storytelling based on local wisdom (DSLW): Improving story writing skills
Authors: Munajah Robiatul , Sumantri Mohammad Syarif , Yufiarti Yufiarti
Published: April 2023

This research aims to answer teachers' needs in utilizations DSLW to improve story writing skills for fourth-grade elementary school students. The research flow for developing teaching materials for researchers uses the Dick and Carey model. Effectiveness testing was conducted using an independent sample t-test to determine the effectiveness of digital storytelling products based on local wisdom (DSLW) to improve story writing skills. However, in the small group test, the product was revised before the large group trial was carried out; in the large group trial, the product was final and could be implemented in elementary schools.
Keywords: Digital Storytelling, Local Wisdom, Writing Skills.
İngilizce Eğitimi ve Müzik Üzerine Bir İnceleme: İlkokul İkinci Sınıf Şarkıları Örneği
Authors: DEMİREL Serkan
Published: April 2023

Dil yeteneği insanın iletişim kurmasını sağlayan en önemli kavramlardan bir tanesidir. Aynı zamanda toplumların kültürel zenginliği olan bu önemli araç günden güne gelişip değişmektedir. İnsanların sadece yakın çevresi değil, dünyanın geri kalanında olan diğer insanlarla iletişim kurması küresel bir dünyanın gerekliliğidir. Bu noktada yabancı dil öğrenilmesi diğer dillerde konuşan insanlar ile iletişim kurulması için önemlidir. Günümüzde küreselleşme ve teknolojinin ulaştığı nokta, ana dil dışında kalan dilleri öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırmaktadır. Dil eğitiminde kullanılan öğrenme yöntemleri arasında müzik ile eğitim önemli bir tekniktir. Yapılan araştırmalar müziğin kullanımının dil eğitiminde etkilerinin olumlu olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle dildeki gramer yapısını müzikte olan kurallar ile bağdaştıran araştırmacılar, öğrencilerin derse olan tutumlarında iyileşme olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Müzik eğitiminde bireylere istendik müziksel davranışlar kazandırmak amaçlanmaktadır. Dil eğitiminde şarkıların kullanılması ise, öğrencilere müziksel davranışlar yoluyla yabancı dil gelişimlerine katkı sunabilir. Bu sebeple araştırmanın amacı, devlet okullarında İngilizce eğitimine başlanan ikinci sınıftaki ders kitaplarında bulunan şarkıların analizini yapmaktır. Araştırmanın verilerini Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu Başkanlığının 2018 yılında ders kitabı olarak kabul ettiği kitaptaki şarkılar oluşturmaktadır. Söz konusu şarkıların ses kayıtları nota yazma programıyla yazılarak doküman analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada analiz edilen şarkıların çoğunlukla 6’lı aralığa sahip 4/4’lük ritimlerle do majör tonunda eserler olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre analiz edilen şarkılar İngilizce eğitiminde öğrencilerin hem eğlenmesini hem de ünite içindeki konuları daha iyi pekiştirmesini sağlayabilir. Ayrıca yapılan analizlerin müzik eğitimine de katkı sunabileceği düşünülmektedir. Sonraki araştırmalarda İngilizce eğitiminde şarkı öğretiminin deneysel olarak araştırılması ve etkilerinin incelenmesi önerilmektedir. Ayrıca İngilizce eğitiminde şarkıların kullanılmasının göz ardı edilmemesi gerekmektedir.
IS NEUROSTIMULATION A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TOOL IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROCOGNITIVE PROBLEMS IN LONG-COVID?
Authors: Czyżniewski Bartłomiej J. , Gibas-Dorna Magdalena
Published: April 2023

Abstract Brain micropolarization has long been recognized as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of neurological disorders. In both neurological and psychiatric treatment, due to their functionality, noninvasive methods, such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES), and transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation (tVNS), are preferred. The above methods are registered for clinical use worldwide as adjuvant therapy for many neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, depression, brain stroke, vascular dementia, chronic pain, and others. Although SARS-CoV-2 is considered a respiratory pathogen, it also displays a potent neurotropism with neuropsychiatric consequences that may occur during the acute phase of infection or may be delayed even months after COVID-19 illness. People with long COVID conditions most commonly experience a ‘brain fog’, which is associated with cognitive deficits, concentration and memory disturbances, and headaches. Long-COVID may also include neuropsychiatric disorders such as dyssomnia, dementia, depression, or even psychosis. Neurological lesions have a multifactorial background and may be induced by the direct viral invasion of the neurons and glial cells, an inflammatory response with excessive cytokine reaction, or hypoxic injury due to respiratory impairment. Recently, as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, it has been suggested to implement brain neurostimulation for the treatment of neurological manifestations. However, until now there are only a few studies, including clinical trials, presenting the practical use of this method. Since no authorized strategies and standards for long-COVID treatment are developed, neurostimulation may be considered as a potential therapeutic tool for alleviating neurological symptoms in patients with long-COVID19. Materials and methods To identify relevant papers, we searched PubMed and Wiley Online Library databases using the following keywords: neurostimulation, long-COVID, brain fog, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. A literature search was based on the current articles describing neurostimulation and Long-COVID conditions. Aim This paper aims to present neurostimulation as a potential therapy to alleviate persistent and chronic neuro-symptoms in patients infected with SARS-CoV2.
Efectos no monetarios de la crisis financiera en la propagación de la Gran Depresión
Authors: Bernanke Ben S.
Published: April 2023

Este artículo examina los efectos de la crisis financiera de la década de 1930 en la trayectoria del producto agregado durante ese periodo. La perspectiva es complementaria a la de Friedman y Schwartz, quienes enfatizaron el impacto monetario de las quiebras bancarias; nos enfocamos en los aspectos no monetarios (principalmente relacionados con el crédito) del vínculo entre el sector financiero y el producto, y consideramos los problemas de los deudores, así como los del sistema bancario. Argumentamos que las perturbaciones financieras de 1930-1933 redujeron la eficiencia del proceso de asignación de crédito, y que el mayor costo resultante y la menor disponibilidad de crédito actuaron para deprimir la demanda agregada. La evidencia sugiere que los efectos de este tipo pueden ayudar a explicar las inusuales duración y profundidad de la Gran Depresión.