bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Between objects and lives: Exploring ethics in pathological museums and collections
Authors: Closs José , Veras Mariana , Lima Jéssica
Published: December 2023

This article addresses the complex intersection between ethics, museums and pathology collections through a historical analysis that dates back to the 18th century, when medical ethics began to be codified. The text explores the current context, where ethical concerns expand to the medical collections. The objective of this article is to analyze the complex ethical issues involved in the preservation and exhibition of human remains in museums and medical collections, considering historical developments, contemporary challenges and the need for a contextualized ethical approach. To achieve this objective, a methodology was adopted that combines historical research, critical analysis of academic literature and ethical reflection addressing issues related to the preservation and exhibition of human remains in museums and medical collections. Some of the results achieved in this critical analysis include identifying the lack of common guidelines for dealing with human remains in museums, highlighting the delicate balance between conservation and access. It is argued that an effective ethical approach must recognize the complexity of human remains, considering them both as scientific objects and as lived lives, and emphasizes the importance of historical contextualization to ethically discern the treatment of these collections. Ultimately, it is concluded that medical ethics and museological approaches are subject to continuous change, highlighting the importance of keeping up with transformations in the field.

Keywords: Deontology; Scientific heritage; Museology
THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHERS' KNOWLEDGE, ADAPTABILITY, ATTITUDES, AND SELF-EFFICACY ON OUTCOMES-BASED EDUCATION PRACTICES: A REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors: Justfer John D. Aguilar
Published: December 2023

It is widely agreed that factors from the teachers significantly influence the practices of Outcomes-Based Education. As OBE is gaining popularity as a new paradigm of education in most of the higher education institutions subjected a teacher’s response to its actual implementation. The study employed descriptive and correlational research design in analyzing the factors and utilized multiple linear regression to analyze its influence on the extent of OBE practices. Results showed that level of knowledge on OBE and the level of adaptability greatly influenced the extent of OBE practices. Teachers who better understand the curriculum are better able to adapt their strategies to meet the needs of diverse students and are equipped with skills relevant to the attainment of student’s outcome. Teachers who are willing to try new teaching strategies and adjust their instruction based on student feedback may be more successful in implementing OBE practices than those who are more resistant to change. Significantly, Alignment is a positive predictor of the respondents’ perceived extent of OBE practices. The knowledge on the constructive alignment helps teachers to facilitate students’ achievement of outcomes and experiences while being certain of the alignment of all learning experiences to the curriculum. Furthermore, attitude towards OBE and the level of self-efficacy showed a great influence in the extent of OBE practices. The certain degree of agreement depicts the recognition of effectiveness of OBE in strengthening education. As teachers viewed OBE to be effective, they see the value of it in their teaching practices. On the other hand, the higher beliefs of teachers in their capacity to teach depicts a strong will to implement OBE into practice. Acceptance, instructional strategies, and classroom management are all positive predictors of the respondents’ perceived extents on OBE practices. However, feelings is a negative predictor which mean that even if teachers possess a negative attitude towards OBE, it does not affect their teaching practices following OBE
KEYWORDS: knowledge, outcomes-based education, adaptability, attitudes, self- efficacy, practice
Teatra wołyńskie – uzupełnienia i noty
Authors: Komorowski Jarosław
Published: December 2023

Autorskie uzupełnienia do książki Teatr i widowiska na Wołyniu do 1863 roku z przydaniem Ziemi Kijowskiej (Warszawa 2016). Opublikowane tu zostały: nowy dokument źródłowy dotyczący dziejów teatru w Krzemieńcu; plan podróży Wojciecha Bogusławskiego po Wołyniu w 1819 roku; dwa unikatowe afisze teatralne z archiwów historycznych w Kijowie; teatralne konteksty działalności młodych „dysydentów” z lat trzydziestych i czterdziestych XIX w., zwanych bałagułami lub baragołami; relację z pożaru cyrku w Berdyczowie w 1883, ilustrowaną drzeworytem według rysunku znanego polskiego malarza Michała Elwiro Andriollego.
Grazing intensity and nitrogen fertilization timing to increase soil organic carbon stock and nitrogen in integrated crop-livestock systems
Authors: Zortéa Talyta , Assmann Tangriani Simioni , Baretta Carolina Riviera Duarte Maluche , Soares Andre Brugnara , Marchetti Juliana Aparecida , Rintzel Rafaela Dulcieli Daneluz , Bortolli Marcos Antonio de , Deiss Leonardo , Franzluebbers Alan , Santos-Tonial Larissa Macedo dos
Published: December 2023

Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) foster synergistic relationships to increase nitrogen (N) cycling and soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual in agricultural setups. This study evaluated how the grazing intensity and N fertilization (rates and timing) affect both SOC and N fractions, and soil organic matter chemical composition in an ICLS managed under no-tillage in an Oxisol, six years after initiation. The ICLS was compared to a nearby pasture (PA) and a native forest (NF). The treatments consisted of two grazing intensities: Low Sward Height (LH) and High Sward Height (HH) were maintained with high and low stocking rates, respectively. The HH varied between 0.20 and 0.60 m, and LH between 0.10 and 0.30 m according to the plant forage species throughout the experiment. Fertilization using 200 kg ha
-1
N-urea, not splitting up, was conducted at two timings, either at the winter pasture establishment (autumn), about 35 days after sowing or during the summer cash crop cycle (spring). Total N amount per year, including both phases, pasture and cash crop was the same for all treatments. The SOC and N contents were assessed in soil and particulate organic matter (POM), while carbon (C) and N stocks were specifically determined in the soil. Soil organic matter composition was characterized by FTIR. The combination of HH and N fertilization during the pasture phase increased the content of C from 36.1 to 39.9 ± 0.7 g C kg
-1
and of N from 2.7 to 3.2 ± 0.1 g N kg
-1
. The SOC stocks varied from 37.3 to 41.1 ± 0.7 Mg C ha
-1
, and the N stocks from 2.1 to 3.3 ± 0.1 Mg N ha
-1
at 0.0-0.10 m soil layer. The SOC content of the POM and the soil organic matter chemical composition determined by FTIR were mainly affected by the grazing intensity. The HH led to an increased in C content within the POM fraction, reaching values of 51.6 ± 1 and 49.2 g C kg
-1
, respectively to N crop fertilization and N pasture fertilization. Land-use changed how organic functional groups were stored in soil organic matter fractions. The NF had a greater abundance of aliphatic and phenol in the MAOM, while pasture and ICLS systems had greater aliphatic in the POM fraction. In ICLS, SOC accrual was positively associated with more recalcitrant organic functional groups of phenol, aromatic, and carbonyl C-O. The HH increases SOC accrual, while N-fertilization on pasture ensures adequate nutrition of plants and animals during the winter ICLS phase, at the same time as providing greater residual N for subsequent cash crops through enhanced catalyzed by ruminants. Therefore, grazing and fertilization management strategies should be considered to promote sustainable agriculture intensification with ICLS.
Estimation of soil organic carbon content by Vis-NIR spectroscopy combining feature selection algorithm and local regression method
Authors: Liu Baoyang , Guo Baofeng , Zhuo Renxiong , Dai Fan
Published: December 2023

Soil organic carbon (SOC) content is a critical parameter for evaluating soil health. However, high redundancy and invalid information in soil hyperspectral data can reduce the accuracy and stability of SOC prediction models. This study developed a global partial least squares regression (PLSR) model and a local PLSR model for agricultural soils in the LUCAS 2015 database. Some variable selection methods were combined with the regression models and their effects on prediction accuracy were explored. In addition, when the genetic algorithm is utilized for spectral feature selection, we obtained a more representative spectral subset through a novel coding approach. The results illustrated that the best SOC estimation accuracy was achieved by the local PLSR combined with a coding-improved genetic algorithm (GA), with R
2
of 0.71, RMSEP of 5.7 g kg
-1
, and RPD of 1.87. This study demonstrates that appropriate spectral band selection only slightly enhances the model performance of both global and local regressions, as PLSR models using the full spectrum show similar performance. Local PLSR models consistently outperform global ones using full spectrum or variable selection algorithms.
Edaphic properties in a eucalyptusforest ecotone in the Nova Baden State Park, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Fonseca Ariovaldo Machado , Pinto Luiz Alberto Silva Rodrigues , Silva Cristiane Figueira da , Ferreira Robert , Morais Igor de Sousa , Camara Rodrigo , Delgado Rafael Coll , Pereira Marcos Gervasio
Published: December 2023

State parks are integral protection units created to protect ecosystems. However, anthropic activities may have been previously performed before their creation, forming transitional areas. Studies that evaluate the modifications of edaphic properties in these environments are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in soil properties and litter stock in areas of eucalyptus-forest ecotones. Litter stock (Stock
litter
) and total soil organic carbon content and stock (TOC
soil
), weighted mean diameter (MWD), origin of aggregates (biogenic or physicogenic) and respective content of total organic carbon (TOC
Bio
and TOC
Phy
), total organic carbon (TOC
AG
), soil organic matter chemical fractions [fulvic acid (FAC), humic (HAC), and humin (HUMC)], and particulate, mineral-associated, free light and intra-aggregate light (POC, MAOC, FLFC, and ILFC) soil organic matter, fertility, and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) fractions were evaluated in aggregates (layer 0.00-0.10 m) in areas of eucalyptus-forest ecotone (Eco), preserved forest fragment (For), and eucalyptus plantation (Euc), in Nova Baden State Park, Lambari–MG. In the Euc and Eco areas, the highest Stock
litter
content was found. Higher values of TOC
soil
, TOC
AG
, GRSP, and MWD were observed in the Euc area. In the biogenic aggregates, the highest content of TOC
Bio
, HAC, HUMC, POC, MAOC, FLFC, and ILFC was determined in detriment of the physicogenic ones. The dynamics of edaphic properties in the Eco area showed greater similarity with the For area than in the Euc area. In general, all vegetation covers contribute to the maintenance of soil quality.
Reflexiones éticas sobre la elección de tema, metodología y presentación de resultados de la investigación en historia de la psicología
Authors: Sueli Béria Josiane , Andrés Polanco Fernando
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo consiste en una revisión bibliográfica narrativa, que recopila documentos y códigos de ética, bien como, orientaciones del núcleo-ético compuesto por expertos en investigación en Historia de la Psicología-. Para, por un lado, retomar lo ya vivido al nivel del êthos, que hace referencia a lo habitual o hábito de esta comunidad científica, es decir, las prácticas comunes realizadas en las investigaciones de la Historia- y, por otro lado, sobre lo encontrado a este nivel del êthos fomentar la emergencia del pensar meditativo y metódico, científico, desde la ética filosófica. En tal sentido, busca promover reflexiones sobre consideraciones éticas implícitas y explicitas que orientan las prácticas investigativas en Historia de la Psicología
La transplantation hépatique chez les patients cirrhotiques en réanimation
Authors: Michard Baptiste , Artzner Thierry
Published: December 2023

La transplantation hépatique est un traitement potentiellement salvateur pour les patients atteints de cirrhose compliquée de défaillance multiviscérale. Cette revue de la littérature synthétise les principales données récentes sur cette question médicale et éthique complexe pour souligner la place cruciale que la réanimation peut être amenée à jouer pour identifier les candidats potentiels à la transplantation et améliorer de manière radicale leur pronostic.
Implementation of the source data filtering system in the technology of high-precision positioning of the vessel's hull in space
Authors: Дергилев А.И. , Жук С.С. , Аванесова Т.П.
Published: December 2023

В статье представлена система фильтрации исходных данных в технологии высокоточного позиционирования корпуса морского судна в пространстве для использования в бесплатформенной инерциальной навигационной системе. Цель данного исследования заключается в корректировке исходных данных с последующей стабилизацией технологии высокоточного позиционирования морского судна. Был проведен сравнительный анализ пакетных фильтров с рекурсивным фильтром Калмана, определяющий истинные значения для применения в данной концепции. Отмечено, что высокие результаты отказоустойчивости при наличии внешних помех или при случайном пропадании спутникового сигнала увеличивает точность системы, для работы в автономном режиме. Предлагается следующая методика применения эффективного рекурсивного фильтра в структуре Е-навигации. Результатом данного исследования является нивелирование итоговых погрешностей при исключении нестабильности определённых точностей и потери сигнала c ключевых индикаторов. При применении ряда неполных и зашумленных измерений получена оценка разновидностей навигационных элементов, описывающих движение корпуса судна.

This article presents a data filtering system in high-precision positioning technology for the hull of a marine vessel in space, designed for use in a strapdown inertial navigation system. The goal of this research is to correct the raw data with subsequent stabilization of the high-precision positioning technology of the marine vessel. A comparative analysis of batch filters with the recursive Kalman filter was conducted to determine the true values for application in this concept. It is noted that high results in fault tolerance in the presence of external interference or in case of random loss of satellite signals increase the accuracy of the system for autonomous operation. The article proposes a methodology for applying an effective recursive filter within the structure of E-navigation. The result of this research is the leveling of final errors while eliminating the instability of certain accuracies and signal loss from key indicators. When using a series of incomplete and noisy measurements, an estimate of the variations of navigation elements describing the motion of the vessel's hull was obtained.
Panel Examination of the impact of economic growth on Carbon Emissions—Case of 15 emerging and advanced economies
Authors: Tokpah Joseph-Tuakolon , Seraj Mehdi , Ozdeser Huseyin
Published: December 2023

In today's world, there are numerous urgent global challenges that require our attention, prominent among those issues is the need to address climate change. Due to this, governments around the world have united in support of initiatives such as the Sustainable Development Goals, which seek to achieve a harmonious balance between development and the protection of the environment. The pivotal roles that environmental conservation measures, technical progress, and contemporary industrial strategies play are essential for the economic expansion of developing and industrialized countries in lowering CO2 emissions. Therefore, this study suggests that expanding green growth through the consumption of renewable energy is an effective strategy to mitigate CO2 emissions and achieve sustainable development, thus improving the contribution to environmental quality. Consequently, this research explores the long-term relationship between per capita CO2 emissions and economic development in 15 industrialized and developing countries with data spanning from 1991 to 2019. The present study employs PMG-ARDL estimation technique to rigorously examine the research objectives.  The result shows that in the long run, both FDI and quadratic GDP significantly and negatively influence carbon emissions in industrialized nations. However, the other elements have a substantial positive and negative impact on climate change. The result also showed that increasing FDI reduces carbon emissions in industrialized countries. However, the opposite is true for emerging ones. Additionally, the findings of this article indicate that there is a considerable positive correlation between the use of fossil fuels and the progression of climate change in both developed and developing nations. Therefore, the findings of this research provide credence and legitimacy to the notion of the Kuznets curve when viewed and compared in the context of both emerging and developed economies.
Saint-Venant Torsion of non-homogeneous Orthotropic Right Angle Triangle Cross Section
Authors: Baksa Attila , Ecsedi István
Published: December 2023

This paper deals with the analytical solution of the non-homogeneous, orthotropic right-angle triangle cross-section. The shear moduli of the elastic materials are linear function of the elastic materials are linear functions of the cross-sectional coordinates. Explicit formulas are given for Prandtl’s stress function, torsion function, shearing stresses, and torsional rigidity. The formulation of the solution is based on Saint-Venant’s theory of uniform torsion and the application of Prandtl’s stress function.
To the Ukrainian People – Stable, Systematic and Sustainable Human Development (Historical and Analytical Essays: Reinterpretation of the Past).
Part 4. Institutionalization of Economic Sovereignty of Independent Ukraine: Present Origins
Authors: Fokin V. P.
Published: December 2023

The article, prepared in the form of historical and analytical essays, presents the thoughts of the author as a statesman – the last Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR and the First Prime Minister of sovereign and independent Ukraine. The most fundamental provisions of the Agreement on the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) by the Heads of State and Government and the Statement of the Heads of Government of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine regarding the creation of a single economic space are given.
The essays continued the analytical assessments of the author’s previous articles regarding the methodological provisions and results of the economic reform of 1966-1990. to increase the planning and economic independence of enterprises and associations, branches of industry and the national economy, the republican economy as a whole.
Generalized methodical regulations for the creation of funds for production self-development funds of enterprises and associations in the context of the socialization of the means of production as business and management subjects.
Examples of the coordination of the economic interests of the republic with the Center of the USSR and the practice of creating Working Groups of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR for the development of drafts of the Law of the Ukrainian SSR “On Economic Independence of the Ukrainian SSR”, the Concept of “Ukrainian Market” and the Program for the Transition of the Ukrainian SSR to a Market Economy are given. Special attention is paid to the development of the Program of Emergency Measures to Overcome the Economic Crisis of 1991-1995.
Each subsection of the essays includes the author’s proposals for the implementation of rethought government actions by the leadership of Ukraine in the post-war period.
The participation of the management and specialists of the sub-departmental Economic Scientific-Research Institute (ESRI) in the scientific provision of institutionalization of individual components of economic sovereignty as a basis for strengthening its statehood is disclosed. The methodological provisions of the two-sector model of the “Plan-Market” mixed economy and the basic version of the Theory of managing socio-economic processes at different levels of management as alternative solutions to the current Anglo-Saxon model of an open market economy are outlined.
The results of the activities of the First Government of sovereign and independent Ukraine are briefly given.
The essence of the structural and reproducible approach to the formation of a coherent, effective and flexible management system for coal production in a sovereign and independent state is revealed.
The recognition of the Planned Sector of the Ukrainian economy model “Plan-Market” as the basis of national revival is substantiated.
Geopolitics on a Jersey
Authors: Schepps Caden
Published: December 2023

Throughout the past two decades, elite sports, especially soccer, have seen an onslaught of lucrative investments by authoritarian states. Media outlets have branded these investments as “sportswashing,” while contemporary scholars have adapted soft power theory to sports in order to measure the geopolitical implications of these state-backed investments. 1 However, scholarship intersecting sports and soft power is limited to a broad, transnational scale, and primarily focuses on the diplomatic efficacy of mega-events such as the FIFA World Cup and Olympics. Therefore, this paper attempts to fill a gap in the literature and measure the soft power gains from a sports sponsorship on a regional level. More specifically, this paper analyzes Gazprom’s sponsorship of German soccer club FC Schalke 04 to determine if the state-backed sponsorship successfully increased Russia’s soft power among FC Schalke fans. With minimal scholarship in this area, I draw from social psychology theory to develop a unique and nuanced causal mechanism to measure soft power gains from a sports sponsorship. I then apply this causal mechanism to my FC Schalke case study and test two distinct hypotheses in order to identify soft power indicators from Gazprom’s sponsorship. I first examine FC Schalke club politics to determine whether Schalke fans experienced a ‘good-will effect’ towards Gazprom and Russia, then track voting data from four Bundestag elections to measure if this ‘goodwill effect’ became a motivating bias for pro-Russia political behavior among the FC Schalke constituency. With both confirming and discon-firming evidence for pro-Russia bias among Schalke fans, my ultimate soft power implications are ambiguous. However, this paper still provides a more nuanced mechanism to measure soft power as a result of a sports sponsorship and illuminates the need for future studies to further measure the geopolitical implications of sports investments by authoritarian regimes.
Chemical and Biosynthetic Potential of Penicillium shentong XL-F41
Authors: Zou Ran , Li Xin , Chen Xiaochen , Guo Yue-Wei , Xu Baofu
Published: December 2023

Penicillium strains are renowned for producing diverse secondary metabolites with unique structures and promising bioactivities. Our chemical investigations, accompanied by fermentation media optimization, of a newly isolated fungus, Penicillium shentong XL-F41, led to the isolation of twelve compounds. Among these are two novel indole terpene alkaloids, Shentonin A and B (1 and 2), and a new fatty acid (3). 1 is distinguished by an unusual methyl modification at the oxygen atom of the typical succinimide ring, a feature not seen in the structurally similar brocaeloid D. Additionally, 1 exhibits a cis configuration between H-3 and H-4, as opposed to the trans configuration in brocaeloid D, suggesting a divergent enzymatic ring-expansion process in their respective fungi. Both 1 and 2 also feature a reduction of a ketone to a hydroxyl group within the succinimide ring. All isolated compounds were subjected to antimicrobial evaluations, and compound 12 was found to have moderate inhibitory activity against Candia albicans. Moreover, genome sequencing of Penicillium shentong XL-F41 uncovered abundant silent biosynthetic gene clusters, indicating the need for future efforts to activate these clusters and unlock the full chemical potential of the fungus.
Pengaruh Akuntabilitas, Transparansi, Partisipasi Masyarakat, dan Sistem Keuangan Desa Terhadap Efektivitas Pengelolaan Dana Desa (Studi Empiris Pada Desa Se-Kecamatan Bangsri)
Authors: Sakdiyah Lisa Robiatu , Rani Utpala , Bharata Risma Wira
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Accountability, Transparency, Community Participation, and the Village Financial System (Empirical Study in Villages throughout Bangsri Subdistrict). The data in this study are primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires using a Likert measurement scale. The sample of this study was 12 villages in Bangsri subdistrict with 107 respondents. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling method with the criteria that village officials in Bangsri Subdistrict who were directly involved in managing village funds and had at least 1 year of working experience. Data analysis using Multiple Linear Regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that accountability has no effect on the effectiveness of village fund management, transparency has a positive effect on the effectiveness of village fund management, community participation has a positive effect on the effectiveness of village fund management,  and the village financial system has a positive effect on the effectiveness of village fund management in Bangsri Subdistrict, Jepara Regency.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019
Authors: Marnilin Feni
Published: December 2023

Investors need to know information about the company's shares, therefore relevant information is needed in making investment decisions. The value of the stock price can be predicted by the performance generated by the company. This study aims to determine the effect of profitability as measured by Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earning per Share (EPS) on Stock Prices in Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 partially and simultaneously. The sample used in this study used purposive sampling method, namely the annual financial statements of the Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Companies on the IDX in 2019 as many as 27 companies. The results of this study indicate that partially Return on Assets (ROA) has a significant effect on Stock Price, Return on Equity (ROE) has a significant effect on Stock Price, and Earning per Share (EPS) has a significant effect on Stock Price. While simultaneously Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earning per Share (EPS) have a significant effect on Stock Prices.

 

Keyword : Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE),Earning per Share (EPS), Stock Prices
Parody as a Fair Use of Freedom of Speech
Authors: Vindele Liene , Cane Renate
Published: December 2023

The right to criticize or parody has always been a fundamental human right. In today’s world of technology and the Internet, parodies or caricatures of someone’s work are not uncommon. Technology has become so readily available that anyone can create a parody or caricature of another person’s work. The main task of the nowadays researchers is find balance between one person’s right to the inviolability of his property and the right of other persons to imitate it.

The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of parody and caricature, as well as the case law of different countries – exploring how case law assesses whether an imitated work can be defined as a parody, or whether it is an “unsuccessful” imitation. Where is the line where an author has created a parody or has already infringed the rights of another author?

The methodological basis of this article is based on general scientific approaches (analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparison, analogy and a systemic and structural-functional approach). The article also draws on court decisions, legislation, legal literature, publications and doctrine. Conclusions are drawn using the method of scientific induction and deduction.
Institute of Euthanasia: Between a Person’s Right to Life and the Right to a Dignified Death: Problems and Challenges in the Implementation of Human Rights of Choice in Lithuania
Authors: Beriozovas Olegas , Avižienė Goda
Published: December 2023

The title of the scientific article is the problem of euthanasia as a possibility for the implementation of natural human rights in Lithuania and foreign countries. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the individual’s right to life and the prohibition of torture in the implementation of euthanasia as one of the natural human rights in Lithuania and foreign countries. This work has theological and comparative methods. The theological method, which leads to the first part of the work, analyzing international and national legal acts regulating natural human rights. The comparative method compares the legal regulations and social differences between countries that have legalized and those that have not legalized euthanasia. The main conclusion of the article - the legalization of euthanasia is one of the possibilities to implement the prohibition of torture in the context of natural human rights. The practical significance of this scientific article is particularly important for states that have not legalized euthanasia, because the main conclusion of this article is proving the obligation of states to legalize euthanasia in order to provide suitable conditions for the realization of natural human rights. The originality of this scientific article is based on the fact that the compatibility of euthanasia in the context of human rights and freedoms and the equating of the illegalization of euthanasia to torture at the national and international level have not been analyzed in any scientific articles. The value of the article is proven by the fact that the authors used only the latest scientific editions of national and international legal acts and the latest and most comprehensive literature.
Strengthening Sustainability in Entrepreneurship Education -Implications for Shifting Entrepreneurial Thinking Towards Sustainability at Universities
Authors: Bruksle Ieva , Chwallek Constanze , Krastina Anzelika
Published: December 2023

By developing innovative solutions to social and environmental problems, sustainable ventures carry great potential. Entrepreneurship which focuses especially on new venture creation can be developed through education and universities, in particular, are called upon to provide an impetus for social change. But social innovations are associated with certain hurdles, which are related to the multi-dimensionality, i.e. the tension between creating social, environmental and economic value and dealing with a multiplicity of stakeholders. The already complex field of entrepreneurship education has to face these challenges. This paper, therefore, aims to identify starting points for the integration of sustainability into entrepreneurship education. To pursue this goal experiences from three different project initiatives between the partner universities: Lapland University of Applied Sciences, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences and Turiba University are reflected and findings are systematically condensed into recommendations for education on sustainable entrepreneurship.
Article XX of the Gatt 1994 and WTO Members: Sufficient Freedom to Define And Pursue Environmental Policy Objectives
Authors: Ibragimov Zh. I.
Published: December 2023

Providing free trade conditions to all WTO Members, the GATT 1994 includes general exceptions to Article XX, which allows members to adopt trade and legislative restrictions and measures to promote values and interests and the protection of the environment. Driven by the aim of protecting the environment, various countries have been adopting a considerable number of measures to protect the environment and all human, animal and plant life and health under their jurisdiction. However, such restrictions are likely to influence the free trade regime through a clash of interests and relationships between WTO Members, which are challenged through WTO dispute settlement mechanisms. Although the WTO provides exceptions under Article XX of its free trade conditions to protect the environment via the national environmental measures of WTO Members, the justifications for such measures are challenged in meeting the requirements of Article XX.
MHD Free Convection Heat Transfer in Nano-Fluid Flow in Square Porous Cavity of TiO2 Nanoparticles with Base Fluid Engine Oil
Authors: Mudasar Zafar  , Hamzah Sakidin  , Mikhail Sheremet  , Iskandar Dzulkarnain  , Roslindar Nazar  , Abdullah Al-Yaari  , Mohd Zuki Salleh
Published: December 2023

In this article, the MHD-free convection heat transfer behaviour of oil-based nanofluids is explored numerically inside a square cavity enclosure filled with a porous material. The governing equations are derived using Brinkman and Buongiorno’s two-phase nanofluid models. We developed the mathematical model for the over-research problem for heat transfer enhancement applications; the finite volume approach was used to solve dimensionless governing equations. The SIMPLE algorithm is used to calculate the values of pressure and velocity. The investigation of nanofluid with engine oil in the presence of magnetic field in square cavity for the thermal application is not studies. The following parameters are investigated to find out the heat transfer analysis: Ra = 0, porosity = 10, initial volume concentrations = 0–0.05, constant angle of magnetic field = 0, Hartmann Number Ha = 0,100, Prandtl Number Pr = 0.8. The results are also compared with existing literature. It is also indicated that the effect of Nusselt number is very interesting at different values of Ra, i.e., heat transfer rate increases when volume fraction increases at the contact hot wall of the cavity, but reverse phenomena are observed at the cold wall.
Review Analysis on CFD Techniques and Numerical Methods for IC Engines Fueled with Diesel and Biofuels
Authors: Bhavesh Pathak  , Asfakahemad Shekh  , Nikul Patel  , Vimal Patel
Published: December 2023

Over the years, there has been a drastic reduction in petroleum-based fuel stocks and stringent emission requirements for internal combustion engines by environmental authorities around the world. A marginal improvement in efficiency and emissions shows significant benefits. Fluid motion within the combustion chamber plays a vital role and is considered a crucial parameter for controlling the combustion process. The fuel supply system or induction system of the Spark Ignited engine prepares and controls air-fuel mixing. The system in the SI engine is capable of generating bulk motion and turbulence prior to the ignition process. In the CI engine Induction system (Swirl and Tumble), the shape of the chamber (Squish) controls the path and quality of air whereas the diesel injection system controls Spray characteristics (Penetration, Atomization, Break-up, and Evaporation of Spray). During the last three decades, a lot of efforts have been made by researchers to develop multidimensional fluid dynamics codes for the prediction of flow in an engine for reducing engine development time and cost. To be a more trusted and acceptable tool, the results of numerical analysis of the combustion chamber. and its fluid dynamics have to show accuracy in the prediction of emission standards and combustion parameters by taking the minimum possible time. This article reviews the methods and results of numerical analysis and CFD results of CI engines run on diesel and biofuels. It also reviews results and their accuracy for different CFD.
AGRICULTURE WASTE AS SOUND-ABSORBING MATERIAL: CASE STUDY LIBERIA
Authors: GBOE Nuushuun Archie , GRUBLIAUSKAS Raimondas
Published: December 2023

In Liberia, agriculture is an important part of the economy and contributes significantly to national income; yet, the enormous amount of agricultural waste produced by agricultural operations and the absence of adequate waste management is negatively affecting the environment. One of the key objectives for improving the living environment is noise reduction. A sound absorber is a tool that may be used to do such. The ability to manage sound has been recognized as one of the essential aspects of a person’s comfort. Controlling the room’s acoustics is key. Generally, materials utilized for sound attenuation are synthetic fibers like glass wool fiber. Over time, it has been revealed that synthetic fibers are pricey and may be hazardous to the environment and human health. Natural fibers as an alternative to synthetic fiber are therefore receiving more attention. This research presents natural agricultural waste materials as a replacement for conventional sound-absorbing materials as these materials offer the benefits of being inexpensive, lightweight, easily accessible, environmentally friendly, and non-polluting. The waste products from agriculture that can be employed in the realm of noise control include coconut fiber, groundnut shell, and sugarcane fiber.
RANDOM FIELD-BASED TUNNELING INFORMATION MODELING FRAMEWORK FOR PROBABILISTIC SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF SHIELD TUNNELS
Authors: Xie Ping , Luo Hanbin , Chen Ke , Yang Zhao
Published: December 2023

Probabilistic analysis based on random field (RF) has been widely adopted in the safety assessment of shield tunnels. However, its practical applicability has been limited by the intricacy involved with integrating geotechnical data and tunneling information. This paper addresses the following research question: How can the RF-based probabilistic safety assessment be carried out efficiently? In addressing this research question, we suggested an RF-based tunneling information modeling (TIM) framework to realize the probabilistic safety assessment of shield tunnels. In the proposed framework, the modeling of tunnel structure and geological conditions is initially introduced. The numerical safety assessment model is then created via an automated procedure using the RF-based TIM. A case study is conducted to verify the suggested framework, and results demonstrate that the framework can offer an automated design-to-analysis solution to improving the safety assessment of shield tunnels by comprehensively considering the uncertainties of geological conditions.
A New Constraint on the Simulation of the Intergalactic Medium through the Evolution of the Neutral Hydrogen Fraction in the Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Hosseini S. Mobina , Salmasi Bahareh Soleimanpour , Tabasi Seyed Sajad , Firouzjaee Javad T.
Published: December 2023

The thermal history of the intergalactic medium is full of extremely useful data in the field of astrophysics and cosmology. In other words, by examining this environment in different redshifts, the effects of cosmology and astrophysics can be observed side by side. Therefore, simulation is a very powerful tool to reach a suitable model for the intergalactic medium, both in terms of cosmology and astrophysics. In this work, we have simulated the intergalactic medium with the help of the 21cmFAST code and compared the evolution of the neutral hydrogen fraction in different initial conditions. Considerable works have arbitrarily determined many important effective parameters in the thermal history of the intergalactic medium without any constraints, and usually, there is much flexibility in the modeling. Nonetheless, in this work, by focusing on the evolution of the neutral hydrogen fraction in different models and comparing it with observational data, we have eliminated many simulated models and introduced only limited simulation models that could confirm the observations with sufficient accuracy. This issue becomes thoroughly vital from the point of view that in addition to restricting the models through the neutral hydrogen fraction, it can also impose restrictions on the parameters affecting its changes. However, we hope that in future works, by enhancing the observational data and increasing their accuracy, more compatible models with the history of the intergalactic medium can be achieved.
Assistive Technology and Functional Diversity
Authors: Ribeiro Jaime Moreira , Faria Graça , Abreu Tiago , Silva Sílvia , Bento Lúcia , Freitas Daniel
Published: December 2023

Technological and contextual developments have been transforming society and, inevitably, education, bringing opportunities and challenges in ICT, particularly for those with diverse functioning. This chapter considers the implications of informing the professionals who support people with disabilities and summarises a set of technologies available to respond to functional diversity. It aims to discuss ways to promote accessible and inclusive education, focusing on technological tools to support involvement in learning. It presents the different concepts and culminates with a summary table, which compiles high-tech solutions to address functional diversity. It seeks to present a practical and easily accessible set of guidelines for those looking for options to enable their student's participation in their learning. It aims to bridge the gap between a person's potential and accomplishment, and foremost, to promote knowledge in effectively implementing assistive technologies.
Enter the Virtual Forest
Authors: Soutelo Ana Paula , Sousa Ana Rita , Monteiro Maria Luís , de Almeida Raquel Simões , Simões-Silva Vitor , Portugal Paula
Published: December 2023

One of the many challenges of this urbanization is significantly reflected in the distribution of urban green spaces, which may still not meet the needs of all inhabitants and preclude the many benefits that urban green spaces bring to mental health. From this perspective, Shinrin-Yoku emerged a traditional Japanese practice known as forest therapy (FT) or forest bathing (FB), as a natural health treatment. Using virtual reality, in addition, makes it possible to reproduce scenarios or environments that, in certain contexts, it would be almost impossible to recreate in real life. Thus, VR can provide opportunities and allow many more people to benefit from the best therapies and positive outcomes. It's important to note that the research on this union is still in its early stages, however, exploring this field represents, in many ways, a unique opportunity for healthcare, and would reach a wider population, providing the best possible therapy for everyone who could benefit from it.
Open Dialogue Through Telehealth
Authors: da Rocha Ferreira Ana Raquel , Silva Maria Goreti Moreira Magalhães De Sousa , de Oliveira Correia Maria , Campos Filipa
Published: December 2023

Telehealth can be a convenient option, more adjustable to patients´ needs, and can improve access to services. However, its implementation often brings challenges. Open dialogue (OD) has the potential to address some of these barriers. Once implemented, OD is a person-centered, non-institutional, and non-medicalized approach that promotes patients' rights and recovery. This chapter aims to introduce the OD approach and explore its potential in a remote setting. The focus will also be on the challenges of using telehealth for OD, providing recommendations on how it can be implemented and its requirements, and sharing patients´ and professionals' experiences of network meetings on a more flexible and adapted version of this approach.
Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Integration
Authors: Mohammad Niaz
Published: December 2023

This chapter is intended to understand how environmental, social, and governance issues are integrated in the annual report of Bangladeshi banking companies from 2020 to 2022. This understanding, in turn, can help investors determine how to integrate ESG analysis into their own investment processes. This study considered the top 30 banks operating in Bangladesh for three years (2020 to 2022). Discourse analysis was used to identify the textual narratives disclosed in this study. Finding of this study showed that many banking organizations are presenting their ESG disclosure in a separate section of annual report and other organizations report such information in the form of sustainability report or corporate social responsibility section. Despite all the regulatory interventions, the level of ESG reporting especially governance is not up to mark in Bangladesh. The main factor for integrating ESG is to face risks and opportunities that can impact the long-term performance and sustainable finance.
Cheque Truncation Mechanism Using Blockchain
Authors: Kumbam Venkat Reddy , Kalaivani K. , Balakrishna M.
Published: December 2023

Cheque truncation system (CTS) is an image-based cheque-clearing framework. The semi-manual process has certain limitations and takes up to three working days to clear an inter-bank national cheque. Faced with the limitations of this system, cheque users and commercial banks need an efficient and secure system which can clear a cheque within less than 24 hours along with providing integrity and confidentiality to the system. All banks intending towards participating in this framework must connect towards the proposed blockchain-based system. A comprehensive framework among four primary phases—(1) paper check clearing process, (2) digital check issuing and clearing process, (3) check fraud detection process, and (4) check transaction security procedure—was presented as a solution.
Guiding the Next Technological Revolution
Authors: Gutierrez Jr. Ray
Published: December 2023

This chapter explores the evolution and transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology while evaluating their broader ethical impacts on society. Key opportunities are outlined in media, manufacturing, and medicine, along with risks like algorithmic bias and privacy erosion that raise complex challenges. Realizing the benefits of AI and nanotech requires thoughtful, responsible development and governance guided by core ethical principles like transparency, accountability, and human dignity over efficiency alone. Cooperation among diverse government, industry, academia, and civil society stakeholders is vital to uphold these values. Adaptive policies and voluntary ethics codes should complement each other as regulatory tools. With inclusive dialogue and foresight anchoring innovation in wisdom, emerging technologies like AI and nanotechnology can empower humanity to build a more just and prosperous world.
A Review of AI in Medicine
Authors: Talukdar Suryansh Bhaskar , Sharma Kshitij , Lakshmi D.
Published: December 2023

The field of Artificial Intelligence has great potential in various fields ranging from manufacturing industry to medicine. This study investigates the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medicine, looking at their present applications, possible advantages, difficulties, and prospects. The content of the paper provides a preface of recent advances in AI in medicine, highlights the key scenarios where such technologies are already being used in clinical settings, and discusses the challenges that healthcare providers and organizations face when implementing augmented medicine, both in actual patient care and in the training of future medical leaders. The core of the paper also explores how AI is reshaping healthcare in many different ways, from drug development to individualized treatment plans to medical imaging and diagnostics.