bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Psychological Experience of Nurses Carrying Out Hemodialysis While Caring for Patients With COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Hapsari Retno Agustiyowati Tri , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: February 2022

Several studies have been conducted to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. However, few studies have been conducted in Indonesia to investigate the impact of the pandemic on the psychological experiences of nurses in carrying out hemodialysis (HD) while caring for patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia. Thus, this was the purpose of this study. The Colaizzi phenomenological approach was applied. This study included 20 HD nurses. Qualitative approaches were used to provide an overview of the nurses’ psychological state during the pandemic. This study identified three primary themes: dealing with uncertainty, personal care and protection from COVID-19, and psychological resilience. The HD nurses were affected by the pandemic, and this study’s findings can be utilized by policymakers to make judgments about how to respond. The results may also help health workers and volunteers recognize mental health issues and develop mental health rehabilitation programs for HD nurses affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19, hemodialysis, live experience, nurse, psychological
The Effect of Field Massage on Bilirubin Levels in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Eka Sari Santoso Santi , Karuniawati Benny , Nur Fauziandari Erma
Published: February 2022

Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common clinical phenomena. It is found in 80% of premature infants and 60% of term infants in the first week of life. Most hyperbilirubinemia does not require special therapy, but because of the potential toxic effects, all neonates should be monitored to detect the possibility of severe hyperbilirubinemia. Based on data from the Directorate of Family Health, in 2019, out of 29,322 under-5 deaths, 69% of deaths occurred in the neonatal period. One of the causes of mortality in neonates is bilirubin encephalopathy/kernicterus. Bilirubin encephalopathy is the most severe complication of neonatal jaundice. In addition to encephalopathy, other risks include sequelae in the form of cerebral palsy, high-pitched deafness, paralysis and dental dysplasia, which greatly affect the quality of life. Several studies have been conducted to find alternative supporting therapies that can be used to effectively reduce bilirubin levels in addition to providing phototherapy, one of which is the provision of field massages. Field massage is thought to increase the excretion of bilirubin in infants during phototherapy. The purpose of this literature review was to determine the effect of field massage on reducing bilirubin levels in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. This was a traditional narrative literature review which grouped similar extracted data according to the results measured to answer the objectives. According to the results, giving field massages two times a day for three days for 15 minutes each time was able to significantly reduce bilirubin levels.
Keywords: field massage, hyperbilirubinemia, neonates
The Effect of Emotional Intelligence Training on Self-Efficacy in Nursing Students
Authors: Agus Sudrajat Diwa , Mailani Frida , Ibrahim Masdum , Firza Kumala Tria
Published: February 2022

Students who are in the last semester of their degree often experience stress because of their academic tasks. Stress that cannot be controlled can have a negative impact, especially emotionally, which can result in a decrease in self-efficacy. The objective of this research was to identify the effect of emotional intelligence training on self-efficacy in nursing students. This research was quasi-experimental (pre-test post-test with a control group), and 60 undergraduate nursing students at level 3 were recruited using purposive sampling. The measuring instrument used was the General Self Efficacy questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of respondents in this study were women (81.7%) with an average age of 20-21 years. The paired t test showed that in the intervention group there was a significant difference in the average values of the pre-test and post-test (p < 0.001), whereas in the control group there was no significant different (p = 0.549). The ANCOVA test results produced a p-value < 0.001, showing that emotional intelligence training led to increased self-efficacy in nursing students at STIKep PPNI West Java. It is hoped that with this research, the campus can conduct an assessment of the level of student self-efficacy on a regular basis, so that self-efficacy in students can always be monitored.
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence Training, Self-Efficacy, nursing, students
The Effect of a Health Education Video on Self-Efficacy in Preventing Transmission of Tuberculosis
Authors: Lucya Vita , Nuryanti Yuki
Published: February 2022

Indonesia is one of the countries where the number of tuberculosis cases is still high; in 2019, there were 109,463 cases. The highest number of cases is in West Java. The city of Bandung is one of the cities with the highest cases; in 2019 there were 477 cases at the UPT Garuda City Health Center in Bandung and in 2020 there were 197. Self-efficacy can influence the prevention of tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a health education video on self-efficacy in preventing transmission of tuberculosis. This was a quasi-experimental study with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 60 tuberculosis patients at the UPT Garuda City Health Center in Bandung, recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a self-efficacy questionnaire. The differences in the self-efficacy scores and the effect of the health education video were analyzed using the paired t-test and ANCOVA. The results of this study indicated that the health education video had an effect on increasing self-efficacy in patients with mean square = 3360,017, f = 434,840, p-value < 0.001. The video helped the tuberculosis patients to understand how to prevent tuberculosis transmission. It is hoped that there will be additional innovations in the health sector that can help nursing services to prevent tuberculosis transmission, including through health education videos.
Keywords: self-efficacy, tuberculosis, video
Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Epilepsy Patients
Authors: Nugraha Agung Rizki , Kariasa I Made , Masfuri Masfuri , Sofiani Yani , Rahim Kamil Abdu
Published: February 2022

People with epilepsy can lead a normal life, but there are many factors that can affect their quality of life. People with epilepsy may feel anxiety and even depression about their life, which can have an impact on productivity. This study aimed to identify factors affecting the quality of life of epilepsy patients. This study used a cross-sectional design with consecutive sampling and 100 respondents. The analysis used the Chisquare test and logistic regression. The results indicated that the majority of people with epilepsy in the study had a low quality of life (62 people, 62%) and the most influential factor affecting the quality of life was seizure type (odds ratio = 9.716, p = 0.001). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that education level, seizure frequency, type of seizure, stigma and medication adherence are factors that can affect the quality of life in epilepsy patients. Nurses can provide education on the management of seizures to epilepsy patients and their families, to improve the quality of life of people with epilepsy.
Keywords: determinant factors, quality of life, epilepsy
Self-Care in Patients With Hypertension in Indonesia
Authors: Eldawati Eldawati , Mohd Said Faridah , Syazana Umar Nur
Published: February 2022

Hypertension or elevated blood pressure is one of the leading causes of premature death worldwide. One strategy to better treat hypertension is to involve patients in their own self-care. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in West Java, Indonesia, from June to July 2021. A convenience sample of 144 adults with hypertension was used. The inclusion criteria were: people aged 35 to 65; prescribed two or fewer antihypertensive drugs for hypertension; with a blood pressure of more than 140/90 mm Hg at baseline; able to control their blood pressure and self-titrate medicine; and able to read and write in Bahasa Indonesia. The SC-HI is a 24-item questionnaire that assesses self-care in hypertension on three dimensions: self-care maintenance, management, and confidence. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate self-care and its associated factors. The average age of the patients was 55.67 ± 10.65 years, 59.7% were female, 77.8% were married, and 48.6% had finished secondary school. The mean overall self-care score among the hypertensive patients was 2.43 (SD = 1.26). The self-care domain with the lowest mean score was in confidence (mean = 2.12, SD = 1.96) and the highest score was in maintenance (mean = 2.86, SD = 2.01). Gender, education level, and duration of hypertension contributed significantly to the variance in self-care with an R-squared of 23.4%. We found that the level of self-care in the hypertensive patients in general was inadequate. Patients should be educated and counseled about the importance of adherence to self-care in the management of hypertension.
Keywords: self-care, hypertension, self-management
Interdialytic Body Weight Gain, Anxiety, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nurdina Gina , Anggraeni Dian
Published: February 2022

Hemodialysis patients are at a high risk of contracting COVID-19 and have a high risk of death when infected with COVID-19. During the pandemic, anxiety and fear have escalated, triggering more psychological disorders among hemodialysis patients, leading to depression and decreased quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe interdialytic body weight gain (IDWG), anxiety, fatigue and quality of life in hemodialysis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was quantitative research with a descriptive approach and a survey design. 74 hemodialysis patients at various hemodialysis clinics in Bandung were recruited using consecutive sampling. The instruments used included the IDWG observation sheet, Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Fatigue Severity Scale, and KDQoL-SF36. Univariate analyses were conducted using frequency distribution. The mean IDWG was 5.35 ± 5.21, and 33 respondents (44%) were in the light category. The mean score for fatigue was 40.37 ± 16.99, and 47 respondents (63%) experienced fatigue. The mean anxiety score was 22.12 ± 10.2, and 30 respondents (40%) were in the deficient category. Meanwhile, the highest average quality of life score was in the SF-12 mental health composite aspect, with 45.39 ± 7.59, and the lowest was in the burden of kidney disease aspect with an average value of 14.42 ± 6.58. Some respondents had mild IDWG, fatigue and anxiety levels, and some respondents had a poor quality of life.
Keywords: anxiety, fatigue, hemodialysis, IDWG, quality of life
Mother's Fortitude in Taking Care of Children with Thalassemia in Indonesia
Authors: Andriani Ria , Nurhaeni Nani , . Allenidekania , Safariyah Erna
Published: February 2022

Thalassemia is the most common single-gene disorder. It affects the ability to survive due to chronic anemia and this hemoglobin disorder is inherited from parents. Having children with thalassemia can change the relationships among family members. The situation can trigger pressure and sadness for parents, especially the mother as the closest figure and generally the one who interacts more with the children. Taking care of children with thalassemia can give mothers up and down experiences and stress. Fortitude will help her to determine a series of attitudes that can assist in coping with the stress. This study used qualitative research methods to understand in-depth the mother’s experiences in taking care of children with thalassemia. A phenomenological method was used with in-depth interviews with six mothers. The themes that were identified from this study were: not accepting reality, surrendering, efforts to treat children through medical and traditional means, challenges, and mother’s fortitude. We can conclude that a mother’s fortitude in taking care of children with thalassemia is successful if the mother can accept the reality. This can be seen and felt through the mother’s actions in taking care of her children with patience, sincerity and prayer.
Keywords: thalassemia, fortitude, mother’s experience
Relationship Between Family Support and Drug Compliance in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Mochartini Tri
Published: February 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Based on data from the World Health Organization, in 2016 there were roughly 10.4 million TB cases globally (8.8 million-12 million), which is equivalent to 120 cases per 100,000 population. The five countries with the highest incidence of cases are India, Indonesia, China, the Philippines, and Pakistan. The Health Profile of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2016 said that the highest number of TB cases in Indonesia was in the province of West Java: 52,328 cases. It is thought that family support can improve the success of one’s treatment by helping remind the patient to stay diligent in taking their drugs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family support and medication adherence in pulmonary TB patients at Pademangan General Hospital in 2020. Purposive sampling was used. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between family support and treatment compliance in these pulmonary TB patients (p < 0.001).
Keywords: family support, medication compliance, tuberculosis
The Effect of Indonesian Traditional Music on Stress in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Sastra Lenni , Reni Ises
Published: February 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels. Changes in blood glucose levels in type II diabetes mellitus patients can be influenced by many factors, one of which is changes in stress level. Patients with diabetes mellitus type II need not only pharmacology treatments but also non-pharmacology treatments and complementary therapy to reduce their stress. Music therapy is one type of complementary therapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of saluang, which is a form of Indonesian traditional music, on reducing the stress of type II diabetes mellitus patients. The design of this study was quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest. There were 20 participants, who were all diagnosed as type II diabetes mellitus patients. Data were collected using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS). Data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests. The average stress level of the type II diabetes mellitus patients obtained before receiving saluang music therapy was 22.5 (SD 5.0), and after receiving saluang music therapy the value was 14.5 (SD 2.3); this difference was significant (p < 0.01). Therefore, we can conclude that Indonesian traditional music can be used as therapy to reduce the patient stress level. So, it is recommended that saluang be used as a complementary therapy for type II diabetes mellitus patients.
Keywords: Indonesian traditional music, saluang, stress, type II diabetes mellitus
Work-Life Experiences of Female Migrant Workers: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study
Authors: Inayati Aini , Imanuel Tonapa Santo , Sithichoksakulchai Siriluk , Puji Priyanti Ratna
Published: February 2022

The prior events, information, and feelings that make up someone’s life or character are referred to as their experience. Some have had negative experiences, while others are glad to be able to work and contribute to the family’s economic wellbeing. This paper aimed to provide a snapshot of the experience of female migrant workers in Taiwan using a descriptive phenomenological methodology. According to the findings of the study, participants’ experiences included difficulty in communication, fulfilment, abuse, and adjustment to the culture. Many factors that cause migrant worker problems have emerged since the pre-placement of migrant workers in the country. That means that many factors will impact the experience of female migrant workers. Also, there are many variations of experience during working and normal life.
Keywords: migrant worker, experience
Breastfeeding in Mothers Infected With COVID-19
Authors: Muaningsih Muaningsih , Suryani Suryani , Mikawati Mikawati , Sari Indah
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 can be transmitted through droplets and direct contact. The World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern. Breastfeeding mothers who are infected with COVID-19 have a risk of transmitting it to their babies. Effective support for breastfeeding or formula milk for babies need to remain a priority so that the nutritional needs of babies can be met. The aim of this study was to explore breastfeeding among mothers infected with COVID-19. A literature review was used. 10 articles were found by manual screening. The variables examined were breastfeeding mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic, transmission of COVID-19 through breast milk, and breastfeeding management in mothers with unconfirmed and confirmed COVID-19 infections. Eight of the articles discussed the transmission of COVID-19 through breast milk, two discussed the management of breastfeeding in mothers without confirmed COVID-19, and eight in mothers with confirmed COVID-19. This study found that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk has not been proven to date. We can conclude that the management of breastfeeding in mothers with unconfirmed and confirmed COVID-19 supports mothers to continue breastfeeding their babies while taking infection prevention measures. Mothers who are infected with COVID-19 with serious symptoms and who cannot breastfeed directly are advised to express their milk to be given to their babies or to use formula milk.
Keywords: breastfeeding, COVID-19 mother, COVID-19
The Effect of Essential Oil Therapy and Lemon on the Care of COVID-19 Patients in Jakarta
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Fauzi Achmad , Juniati Linda
Published: February 2022

Due to the rapid spread of COVID-19, the World Health Organization urges countries to continue their efforts to handle the virus strictly. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on many aspects of Indonesian people’s lives. Almost all sectors, not only health, have been affected, including the economic sector. COVID-19 requires a long treatment time to restore the patient’s health. The average length of treatment for COVID-19 patients at the Koja Jakarta Hospital is 14 days. This study aimed to determine the effect of essential oil therapy and lemon on the length of stay of COVID-19 patients at Koja Hospital in Jakarta in 2021. The research was a quasi-experimental case-control study. The 40 participants were COVID-19 patients treated in the isolation room of the Koja Jakarta Hospital in February 2021. Participants were divided into two groups: 20 for the control group and 20 for the treatment group. Univariate results showed that the majority of COVID-19 patients had a length of stay > 10 days. Essential oil therapy and lemon had no effect on the length of stay (p > 0.05). It is hoped that nurses can find other alternatives to speed up the length of treatment for COVID-19 patients.
Keywords: essential oils therapy and lemon, long treatment for COVID-19 patients
The Effect of Warm Water Soaking Therapy on Sleep Quality in Third Trimester Pregnant Women
Authors: Suryati Yayat , Solihat Fitri
Published: February 2022

One of the health problems commonly experienced by pregnant women is issues with sleep quality in the third trimester. In America as many as 78% of women have more sleep disturbances during pregnancy compared to other times. One of the non-pharmacological ways to manage bad sleep quality is soaking the feet in warm water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of warm water foot therapy on the sleep quality of third trimester pregnant women. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The sample consisted of 24 respondents, 12 of whom were divided into the intervention group and 12 into the control group. Data analysis was carried out in two stages, namely univariate and bivariate by using dependent and independent t-tests. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the quality of sleep in third trimester pregnant women in the Cigugur Central Health Center in Cimahi City before and after their feet were treated with warm water (p < 0.001). It is therefore recommended that third trimester pregnant women who have sleep quality problems soak their feet in warm water before going to bed.
Keywords: pregnancy, sleep quality, therapy soak warm water
Predictors of Glycemic Control in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Febriyanti Erna , Cendradevi Nugroho Febtian , Ina Lea Analizza
Published: February 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that can cause premature death. In addition, this disease is one of the leading causes of blindness, heart disease and kidney failure. Diabetes mellitus management consists of four main components: education, medical nutrition therapy, physical exercise, and pharmacological therapy to maintain the blood glucose levels within normal levels. This study aimed to determine the most influential factors related to blood glucose levels among the four components of diabetes management. This was quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from 179 adults with type II diabetes mellitus using a questionnaire and were analyzed using logistic regression. The results showed that the strongest predictor of glycemic control was knowledge about diabetes self-management. We therefore recommend that nurses and other medical teams improve the provision of health education and promotion about diabetes self-care management to patients, so that they can maintain their health.
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, self-management, glycemic control
Estereotipos sobre el envejecimiento entre profesionales de salud en Chile: una exploración en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Bozanic Leal Agnieszka , Ortiz Ruiz Francisca
Published: February 2022

En este artículo se evalúan los estereotipos explícitos negativos y positivos acerca del envejecimiento entre profesionales de la salud considerando la presencia la COVID-19. Este estudio es de tipo descriptivo y transversal, con 378 encuestas contestadas en mayo 2020, se evaluaron 308 profesionales de la salud de Chile. Se utilizó la Escala de Imagen del envejecimiento (Levy et al., 2004), previa validación transcultural y evaluación de las propiedades métricas para este contexto; lo que generó la construcción de un índice. Los resultados muestran que los profesionales de la salud tienen una específica imagen del envejecimiento, destacando estereotipos positivos (capaz, activo, sabio, positivo, cuidado, centrado en la familia) por sobre negativos (arrugado, camina despacio y enfermo). Se concluye que existen algunos indicadores de discriminación por edad entre profesionales de la salud, según los atributos de quienes respondieron. Así, se brinda información útil sobre la discriminación hacia personas mayores durante la pandemia en Chile.
Presentación: Dossier Pensando en el contacto inicial
Authors: Rodríguez Alzza Carolina , Espinosa Óscar , Opas Minna , Torres Espinoza Luis Felipe
Published: February 2022

En los años recientes, hemos presenciado un creciente interés de la academia sobre los pueblos indígenas en aislamiento y contacto inicial, a través de la producción y discusión etnográfica. Asimismo, varios de los Estados que integran la cuenca amazónica también han venido desarrollando políticas para la defensa de sus derechos. El contexto de la pandemia por el COVID-19, además, ha permitido que las sociedades nacionales de estos países vivan, por primera vez, la experiencia de muerte y desestructuración social que han enfrentado los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonía durante siglos y que llevaron a muchos de estos a tomar distancia y decidir aislarse.
Games for Science Education: is this technique effective for developing students' creativity and scientific competence?
Authors: Daniyarova Akmaral , Suad Alwaely , Vecherinina Elena , Seluch Marina , Ananishnev Vladimir
Published: February 2022

The authors examine the pros and cons of games in the context of increasing students' creativity and scientific competence. Research materials and methods consisted of two tests. The first included the use of 7 pedagogical methods that are valid for the mental diagnosis of students: speed of thinking; method of thinking flexibility; method of determining the level of imagination and others. After the first testing, the training program included techniques for playing chess (in the classroom and online) and sand animation (in the classroom). Re-testing was carried out to assess the effectiveness of the programs. The study results showed that play activities improve the quality of student learning both in the classroom and online and enhance the functioning of many processes, including the speed and flexibility of thinking, memory capacity and attentiveness. This study demonstrates that play activities used in the educational process can play a positive role in teaching students. Further research needs to focus on studying the role of age, gender and race in play activities and determine how these factors affect performance.

 

Keywords: chess, cognitive processes, natural science education, pedagogical methods, performance, play activity, thinking
Professional development of teachers in the context of the lifelong learning model: The role of modern technologies
Authors: Abdalina Larisa , Bulatova Elena , Gosteva Snezhana , Kunakovskaya Ludmila , Frolova Olesya
Published: February 2022

The relevance of this research is due to the need to study the possibilities of lifelong learning in modern educational settings. Its central aim was to consider the influence of modern technologies on the level of professionalism of teachers in the process of lifelong learning. For this, a specially developed model aimed at increasing student motivation was introduced, and corresponding pre- and post-surveys were conducted. The results of the experiment showed an increase in the demand for lifelong learning in the modern learning environment and the active use of modern technologies. In the meantime, the outcomes of the repeated survey demonstrated the expansion of the list of motivation factors. Prospects for further research are seen in the possibility of applying the results obtained when analyzing the features of lifelong learning in other countries in the context of the modern education system in a comparative aspect. Apart from this, future studies use the achieved findings to scrutinize the influence of pedagogical innovations on lifelong learning effectiveness.

 

Keywords: Education system, lifelong learning, modern technologies, pedagogical innovation,; professionalism.
Digital literacy model to empower women using community-based education approach
Authors: Kusumawardani Erma , Tristanti Tristanti , Kusumawardani Erma
Published: February 2022

Women have a strategic role in managing and exploiting environmental potential. However, women particularly in tourism still face many obstacles in terms of capital resources, transformation and information, as well as the knowledge and skills of managing local potential. Through the action research method, this activity attempted to investigate whether digital literacy-based information technology can be used as an empowerment model for women in tourist villages. The study showed that technology may be used by women in tourist villages to expose their culinary products. This action was community based and it was found that it could trigger a group of women to continue learning and adapting with the current trends of marketing. The technology used to increase women’s skills in tourist villages was through the introduction and examples of several social media applications that can be used for tourist attraction. It can be concluded that women should be encouraged to be digitally literate and able to access a wide range of learning resources.

 

Keywords: community-based education, digital literacy, empowerment
Trends in the development of technological education and advanced vocational training of students in the context of technological education
Authors: Sedov Sergei , Kashfrazyeva Gulnara
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this article is to study the trends in the development of technological education and advanced vocational  training of students in the context of technological education. Based on the retrospective analysis, the authors identified the most significant problems arising in the process of reforming technological education. The problems are as follows: problems related to determining the result of technological education; problems related to the content; problems related to the facilities; problems related to the human resource, which correlates with the survey of students studying to be teachers in the technological field, to determine the most important aspects of the organization of advanced professional training of schoolchildren. The methodological basis of the research consists of general scientific cognition methods, including analysis and synthesis (as a general methodological approach), comparison, generalization, and methods of systemic, complex, logical, structural, comparative, statistical analysis.

 

 

Keywords: advanced training, technological education; vocational education; technology; school education
Notes on Contributors
Authors: Ton Giel , Vellema Sietze
Published: February 2022

This is the notes on contributors for IDS Bulletin Vol 53 No 1: Theory-Based Evaluation of Inclusive Business Programmes.
Assessing the Contribution to Market System Change of the Private Enterprise Programme Ethiopia
Authors: Ton Giel , Taylor Ben , Koleros Andrew
Published: February 2022

An impact evaluation of a pro-poor market system development programme, ‘Making Markets Work for the Poor’ (M4P), poses several methodological issues for evaluators. M4P interventions intend to change the contextual conditions in which stakeholders take business decisions so that it triggers change processes in the wider social system and ultimately benefits poor people. An impact evaluation design for such a programme thus needs to be robust enough to adequately capture these systemic outcomes, acknowledging dynamic changes in intervention delivery as well as in market conditions over time. Theory-based evaluation can provide learning and accountability when it incorporates methods that allow a critical reflection on the key causal steps in an intervention’s theory of change. We present our learnings about indicators and methods to reflect on the importance of the contributions to market system change of a large M4P programme in Ethiopia.
Rituales para la protección de animales domésticos en los solares de Yaxcabá y Yaxunah, Yucatán, México
Authors:   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Mexico, Heredia Campos Elma Beatriz , Cahuich Campos Diana del Rosario ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Mexico, Terán y Contreras Olga Silvia ,   Secretaría de la Cultura y las Artes del Estado de Yucatán, Mariaca Méndez Ramón ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Mexico
Published: February 2022

The objective of this work is to identify the rituals related for the protection of domestic animals raised on the Mayan “solares” of Yaxcabá and Yaxunah, Yucatán, Mexico. On the “solar” are especially raised domestic animals (chickens, turkeys and pigs), which are an important element for peasant families, because they are part of economy, their daily food, in the festivities, ceremonies and rituals to give continuity to family and communal life. Our results show that the Catholic families of Yaxcabá an Yaxunah continue to perform ceremonies such as k’eex loj, the loj, the jets’ lu’um and primicia de saka’ (sacred corn drink), the purpose of these ceremonies is to ask permission and to thank the “owners” of nature for the use that is made of the resources, which favors a relationship of balance with them, in this way the “Owners” will take care of entire “solar” and the inhabitants of this space, the family members and the animals raised are safeguarded from the “malos vientos” or k'as k'aas íik', causing disease and calamities. This study highlights the vision of the world that persists in the peninsular Mayan communities, biocultural knowledge and practices are preserved that show the ways of relating to nature. The knowledge about the rituals of the owners of the site and a ritual specialist, called a spiritualist, is analyzed.
Dokąd zmierza Wenezuela? Od republiki sfragmentaryzowanej do autorytarnej retrogresji Cháveza i Maduro
Authors: Dobek-Ostrowska Bogusława
Published: February 2022

Latin America celebrated the symbolic 40th anniversary of the third wave of democratization in 2018. This process began in the Dominican Republic in 1978, then covered the Andean countries. In the 1980s, it reached Central and South America, as well as Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, then Chile and Nicaragua. Only Cuba remained outside this trend. The countries went through an election cycle, which was an unprecedented event in the history of Latin America, dominated by more or less cruel dictatorships and brutal violence against those who criticized them and wanted to change this state. More than 30 presidential elections were held on this continent between 2009 and 2016. There passed 17 elections only during the three years between 2013 and 2016. Thus, democratic election campaigns and presidential elections have become a permanent part of the landscape of this region marked for centuries by strong authoritarianism and dictatorial power. The aim of this analysis is to present Venezuela’s political system nowadays on the map of Latin America 30 years after the opening of the third wave of democratization. We accept the thesis that the violence and brutal strategy of the authorities towards the political opposition cause fear and weaken its action, and thus postpone the possibility of democratic political changes. Systems analysis and comparative analysis should help to find answers to the following questions: What is the condition of the political system in Venezuela? What are the possible scenarios for the introduction of democratic rule after 22 years of authoritarian rule? What is the strategy of the political opposition? Is it able to win the fight against the Maduro dictatorship?
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour of the Common Bile Duct
Authors: Almeida e Sousa Matilde , Carvalho Ana , Mega Raquel , Bilhim Tiago
Published: February 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour is a rare entity of indeterminate biological potential with a reduced tendency for recurrence and metastasis. Although it can arise from multiple organs, the bile duct is a very rare site of origin. We report the case of a 75-year-old asymptomatic male with elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase [1575 U/L (12 - 64 U/L)] and alkaline phosphatase [271 U/L (40 - 150 U/L)]. Computed tomography showed a 17 mm hypervascular lesion in the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts, with bile duct ectasia and right liver lobe atrophy. The patient was initially managed as having a Klatskin tumour and underwent right hepatectomy. Histology showed a spindle cell proliferation with an inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells and collagen-rich stroma, consistent with an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. He was discharged 30 days after admission, and nine months later remains asymptomatic. His liver function tests have normalized and follow-up tests are unremarkable.
Sustentabilidade urbana na Amazônia
Authors: Ribeiro Renata , Monteiro Antônio Miguel Vieira , Amaral Silvana
Published: February 2022

A sustentabilidade urbana vem sendo tema recorrente nos fóruns internacionais e frequentemente tratada por consensos que propõem receitas de cidades sustentáveis e definem estratégias globais para o enfrentamento das instabilidades e incertezas decorrentes da dinâmica de urbanização contemporânea. Reconhece-se o legítimo esforço global para o desenvolvimento socioambientalmente mais justo e responsável. No entanto, generalizações resultam em um processo gradual de apagamento histórico das múltiplas formas de (re)existir, principalmente em uma região como a Amazônia, onde a urbanização é historicamente invisibilizada e colocada à parte das agendas de desenvolvimento. Assim, este trabalho propõe uma análise sistemática de conceitos, ideias e debates que definem a sustentabilidade urbana na contemporaneidade. Busca-se, a partir de literatura estruturante, auxiliar no processo criativo de uma definição que se adeque à realidade de um urbano que nasce em uma região de floresta tropical, economicamente visada e sociopoliticamente ignorada. Partimos da premissa de que a sustentabilidade urbana e sua práxis devem ser compatíveis com o contexto social, histórico, espacial e temporal. Com isso, define-se o conceito como um sistema quadridimensional: (i) ciência e tecnologia, (ii) gestão urbana, (iii) consciência socioambiental e (iv) vida urbana e natureza, sendo esta última dimensão o elo integrador que reposiciona as demais no contexto do urbano amazônico.
Apresentação
Authors: Anazawa Tathiane Mayumi , Camargo Kelly Cristina de Moraes , Schmidt Augusto Frederico Junqueira , Carmo Roberto Luiz do
Published: February 2022

O difícil contexto da pandemia da covid-19 nos mostra a urgência da temática ambiental. A preservação da natureza, o uso mais responsável dos recursos e o respeito pela vida animal não são apenas ações que nos levarão a uma melhor qualidade de vida, são ações necessárias para a continuidade da vida humana. Nesse âmbito, o dossiê se propõe a analisar algumas facetas da relação entre População e Ambiente pela perspectiva das Ciências Sociais.
Evaluasi Kejadian Efek Samping pada Pasien Rheumatoid Arthritis yang Menggunakan DMARDs di Rumah Sakit di Banjarmasin
Authors: Srikartika Valentina Meta , Anwar Khoerul , Amalia Amalia
Published: February 2022

Rheumatoid Arthritis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis dengan pembengkakan, nyeri, dan kerusakan sendi. Obat yang digunakan pasien rheumatoid arthritis (RA) termasuk dalam Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDs) yang dilaporkan menyebabkan berbagai efek samping. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kejadian efek samping dalam penggunaan DMARDs serta hubungan karakteristik pasien dan pola penggunaan DMARDs terhadap kejadian efek samping. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektive. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pasien RA yang memenuhi kriteria yang berobat rawat jalan di poli sub spesialis Rheumatology pada salah satu Rumah Sakit di Banjarmasin. Pasien RA yang mengalami efek samping pada penggunaan DMARDs berjumlah 45 pasien (80,36%). Efek samping yang terbanyak pada pasien RA ialah alopesia yaitu sebesar 26 kejadian (23,21%) serta yang terkecil ialah diare 6 kejadian (5,36%) dan retinopati sebesar 6 kejadian (5,36%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan kejadian alopesia (p-value  = 0,004), jenis obat dengan kejadian diare (p-value  = 0,003), dan lama pengobatan dengan kejadian ruam (p-value = 0,038). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas pasien rawat jalan RA yang menggunakan DMARDs mengalami berbagai efek samping dan terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik dengan kejadian efek samping tertentu. Kata Kunci: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDs), Efek samping, Karakteristik pasien, Alopesia, Diare, Retinopati  Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory-disease characterized by joint’s swelling, pain, and damage. The drug used to treat patients with RA is categorised as Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDs) that has been reported has various side-effects. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of side-effect DMARDs use and the relationship of patient characteristics and DMARDs use to the incidence of adverse events. This study used cross sectional study design with retrospective data collection. The population were all RA outpatients that met the criteria treated in the poly sub-specialist Rheumatology Hospital in Banjarmasin. RA patients experienced adverse events on the use of DMARDs were 45 patients (80,36%). Most adverse events in RA patients were alopecia 26 events (23,21%) and the smallest was diarrhea 6 events (5,36%) and retinopathy of 6 events (5,36%). There was significant relation between sex and alopecia occurrence (p-value = 0,004), drug type and diarrhea occurrence (p-value = 0,003), and duration of treatment and rash occurrence (p-value = 0,038). It can be concluded that the majority of RA outpatients who use DMARDs experienced various side-effects and there was significant relationship between patient characteristics and particular side-effects.
The fourth dose: My “me-first” experience
Authors: Ahmed Fahad
Published: February 2022

Vaccine inequality is the biggest obstacle to curbing the Covid-19 pandemic and accelerating socio-economic recovery in the developing countries. Many people, including myself, living in developing countries, were initially inoculated with the WHO-approved vaccines unwelcome to developed countries, such as Sinovac. Presently, governments in developing countries are offering the third and fourth doses of mRNA vaccines to facilitate cross-border travel. This creates a devastating burden on ongoing Covid-19 vaccination in developing countries, increasing the injustice and inequality between the developed and developing countries. Here, I share my thoughts as a public health specialist while I was receiving the fourth dose of the Covid-19 vaccine to fulfil travel requirements.
Arquitectura singular y espacio público : in lexiones en la plaza medieval italiana = Unique architecture and public space : Inflections in the Italian medieval square
Authors: Camacho Pina Ángel
Published: February 2022

ResumenLa plaza medieval italiana, cuyo apogeo tiene lugar entre los siglos XIII y XIV e inmediatamente antes de la revolución que va a suponer el quattrocento, constituye uno de los espacios más interesantes de la historia del urbanismo y la arquitectura. Las características que estos conjuntos tienen en común, y las relaciones entre la arquitectura que los conforma y el propio espacio generado por ésta, se analizan aquí a partir de conceptos formales, simbólicos o puramente prácticos. El objetivo es poner de relieve la compleja relación entre la arquitectura singular y representativa presente en las plazas y el propio espacio urbano, señalando patrones, criterios y mecanismos comunes que ayuden a comprender su riqueza espacial y formal.AbstractThe Italian medieval square, whose heyday takes place between the 13th and 14th centuries and immediately before the revolution that will bring about the quattrocento, is one of the most interesting spaces in history of architecture and urban planning. The characteristics that these ensembles have in common, and the relationships between the architecture that makes them up and the space generated by it, are analyzed here through formal, symbolic or purely practical concepts. The objective is to highlight the complex relationship between the singular and representative architecture present in the squares and the urban space itself, pointing out common patterns, criteria and mechanisms that help to understand their spatial and formal richness.
Genetics of Externalizing Behavior and Structural Brain Development in Adolescence
Authors: Teeuw Jalmar , Klein Marieke , Mota Nina Roth , Brouwer Rachel M. , van 't Ent Dennis , Al-Hassaan Zyneb , Franke Barbara , Boomsma Dorret I. , Hulshoff Pol Hilleke E.
Published: February 2022

Externalizing behavior in its more extreme form is often considered a problem to the individual, their families, teachers and society as a whole. Several brain structures have been linked to externalizing behavior and such associations may arise if the (co)development of externalizing behavior and brain structures share the same genetic and/or environmental factor(s). We assessed externalizing behavior with the Child Behavior Checklist and Youth Self Report, and brain volumes and white matter integrity (FA and MD) with magnetic resonance imaging in the BrainSCALE cohort, consisting of twins and their older siblings from 112 families measured longitudinally at ages 10, 13, and 18 years of the twins. Genes influenced externalizing behavior and changes therein (h2 up to 88%). More pronounced externalizing behavior was associated with higher FA (observed correlation rph up to +0.20) and lower MD (rph up to –0.20); with sizeable genetic correlations (FA ra up to +0.42; MD ra up to –0.33). Cortical gray matter (CGM; rph up to –0.20) and cerebral white matter (CWM; rph up to +0.20) volume were phenotypically but not genotypically associated with externalizing behavior. These results suggest a potential mediating role for global brain structures in the display of externalizing behavior during adolescence that are both partially explained by the influence from the same genetic factor.
Investigating the leadership style of managers in the physical education unit of the Education Department of Babol city and its relationship with organizational effectiveness
Authors: Ozrudi Mohammadbagher Forghani , Raeispour Aliakbar , Raeispour Reza
Published: February 2022

The aim of study is Investigating the leadership style of managers in the physical education unit of the Education Department of Babol city and its relationship with organizational effectiveness. Statistical society includes all PE teachers in Physical Education Department of Education office about 195 persons. Sample volume has been determined by Cochran's formula about 131 persons. Study method is of descriptive- correlation one. Research type is by applicable and method of gathering data is field one. We have used of questionnaire instrument to gather information. Above questionnaire narration has been approved by some professors in management and sport management field. Questionnaire stability after gathering 20 questionnaires of above society for leading style is (α=0.82) and organizational impression (α=0.85). Data analysis has been done in the two levels of descriptive and inferential and by the aid of SPSS22 software. Also, we have used of inferential test Pearson test, regression. The result of study shows, there is positive and meaningful relation among leading style and organizational impression (p
The linkage of Leadership, Psychological Empowerment, and Employee Engagement with Affective Commitment to Change: A study at public/state-owned organization.
Authors: Wicaksana Seta
Published: February 2022

The objective of the study is to identify the significant impact of Leadership, people’s engagement, and empowerment on affective commitment to change. The research conducted at a Public/State-Owned Organization with 539 respondents. Data was collected using employee engagement inventory, psychological empowerment, and commitment to change inventory, and was analysed using descriptive analysis and SEM. Results showed that change leadership has a significant and positive impact on affective commitment to change through employee engagement, but not through psychological empowerment. The implications of this result are beneficial for management, especially change agents. In this regard, they should create a conducive climate to develop engagement and providing many programs to increase people’s competence to establish employee commitment to change, which will be resulted in a stronger affective commitment to change.