bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathoanatomy of Shoulder Instability in Collegiate Female Athletes
Authors: Patzkowski Jeanne C. , Dickens Jonathan F. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Bokshan Steven L. , Garcia E’Stephan J. , Owens Brett D.
Published: May 2019

Background:

Shoulder instability has been well described in young men; however, few studies have specifically evaluated the pathoanatomy and unique spectrum of injuries in women with shoulder instability.

Purpose:

To describe the pathoanatomy of operative shoulder instability in a collegiate female cohort.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

The authors performed a retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of female students at a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I military service academy treated operatively for shoulder instability by a single surgeon between September 2008 and September 2014. Preoperative data collected included patient age, sport, mechanism of injury, number and frequency of dislocations, direction of instability, and co-occurring surgical abnormalities at the time of arthroscopy. Outcome variables included recurrent instability after surgery and need for revision.

Results:

Thirty-six female student athletes with an average age of 20 years (range, 18-22 years) were included. The majority of instability events were traumatic in nature (69%), and 61% of the total events were subluxations. Rugby was the most common sport for experiencing instability (7 patients), followed by obstacle course training (6 patients). Thirty-two patients (89%) reported multiple instability events, averaging 4 per shoulder. The primary direction of instability was anterior in 26, combined anterior and posterior in 7, and 3 met criteria for multidirectional instability. At the time of surgery, 26 patients (72%) had a Bankart tear, 9 (25%) had a posterior labral tear, and 5 (14%) had superior labrum anterior to posterior tears. Nine patients (25%) were found to have humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) lesions, 7 (19%) had partial-thickness articular-sided rotator cuff tears, and only 1 patient (3%) had evidence of true attritional glenoid bone loss. Hill-Sachs lesions were found in 16 patients (44%). Recurrent instability occurred in 9 patients (25%) following arthroscopic stabilization, and revision surgery was performed in 6 (17%).

Conclusion:

Shoulder instability in female athletes presents commonly as multiple subluxation events. While soft tissue Bankart lesions were found in numbers equal to those in previous studies include both sexes, bony Bankart lesions were less common in women. Finally, the presence of combined anterior and posterior labral tears and HAGLs in women was more common than previously reported.
Nonparental Caregivers, Parents, and Early Academic Achievement Among Children from Latino/a Immigrant Households
Authors: Pivnick Lilla K.
Published: May 2019

Drawing on ecological systems and social capital perspectives, this study uses the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Birth Cohort to investigate links between early nonparental caregiver beliefs about early academic skills and children’s math and reading achievement in kindergarten with special attention to the children from Latino/a immigrant households. Regression analyses revealed that nonparental caregiver beliefs were associated with academic achievement at kindergarten entry and that types of alignment or misalignment between nonparental caregiver and parental beliefs were differentially associated with math achievement but not reading. Notably, the association between nonparental caregiver beliefs and children’s academic achievement was more consequential for children from Latino/a immigrant households. Results suggest that having nonparental caregivers with low early academic skills beliefs may be especially detrimental for children from Latino/a immigrant households.
Organizational adaptations to social media: How social media news workers in the Philippines are embedded in newsrooms and influences on editorial practices
Authors: David Clarissa C. , Tandoc Edson C. , Katigbak Evelyn
Published: May 2019

Through interviews with journalists from four top online newsrooms in the Philippines, this study examined the organizational arrangements surrounding social media teams and how these influence social media being incorporated into journalism decisions. Organizations considered audience preferences in their editorial decisions, but they depended on arrangements surrounding social media teams. Some organizational arrangements included inclusion of social media editors in story conferences and meetings, collaboration between reporters and social media teams, and direct exposure of top editors to engagement analytics. Drivers of news organizations incorporating social media into newsmaking processes include mass-market orientation, primacy of digital over print/television news formats, and history of a legacy brand.
Response Bias and Reliability in Verbal Agreement Rating Scales: Does Polarity and Verbalization of the Middle Category Matter?
Authors: Menold Natalja
Published: May 2019

Verbal rating scale polarity and verbalizations of the middle category that do not match the polarity in agreement rating scales were investigated. Two randomized web survey experiments were conducted using a probability panel of German Internet users. The classical bipolar “disagree/agree” verbalization was compared with the unipolar “do not agree/agree” alternative. In both experiments, attitudes on gender roles were measured using a different number of rating scale categories (seven vs. five) in each. After controlling for variables related to satisficing, biases were lowest with the unipolar “do not agree/agree” rating scale in which the verbalization of the middle category was also unipolar. Reliability decreased when the verbalization of the middle category did not suit the rating scale polarity. Researchers should pay attention to the polarity of rating scales and use verbalization of the middle category consistent with the rating scale polarity.
Using the geometric wheel-rail contact algorithms for fault detection in turnout areas based on the variable section characteristics of rails
Authors: Qian Yao , Wang Ping , Liu Yibin , Gao Tianci , Xu Jingmang , Wang Yuan
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a geometric wheel–rail contact algorithm suitable for fault detection in a railway turnout. It employs a dynamic profile sampling method based on the characteristics of the variable section rails in the turnout regions. This algorithm provides a fast and accurate method to identify the wheel–rail contact points in turnouts under different degrees of lateral shift and yaw angles. This method determines the contact point based on the minimum distance and can be applied quickly through the use of a moving window to scale the potential contact boundary within the rail width. The wheel–rail contact points and the geometric contact parameters in the internal rail that matched with the LMa and 60 N were virtually identical in both methods, which verifies the accuracy of the dynamic profile sampling model. A comparison of the different wheel–rail contact points and geometric parameters under different wheelset yaw angles in turnouts using the trace line and dynamic profile sampling methods shows that a trace method based on the assumption of equal rail sections is not applicable to turnouts, thus demonstrating the necessity of calculating the wheel–rail contact geometry in turnouts using the dynamic profile sampling method, which takes the characteristics of the variable sections into account.
Integration of the inertial navigation system with consecutive images of a camera by relative position and attitude updating
Authors: Asl Habib Ghanbarpour , Firouzabadi Abbas Dehghani
Published: May 2019

This paper introduces a new method for improving the inertial navigation system errors using information provided by the camera. An unscented Kalman filter is used for integrating the inertial measurement unit data with the features’ constraints extracted from the camera’s image. The constraints, in our approach, comprise epipolar geometry of two consecutive images with more than 65% coverage. Tracking down a known feature in two consecutive images results in emergence of stochastic epipolar constraint. It emerges in the form of an implicit measurement equation of the Kalman filter. Correctly matching features of the two images is necessary for reducing the navigation system errors because they act as external information for the inertial navigation system. A new method has been presented in this study based on the covariance analysis of the matched feature rays’ intersection points on the ground, which sieves the false matched features. Then, the inertial navigation system and matched feature information is integrated through the unscented Kalman filter filter and the states of the vehicle (attitude, position, and velocity) are corrected according to the last image. In this paper, the relative navigation parameters against the absolute one have been corrected. To avoid increasing dimensions of the covariance matrix, sequential updating procedure is used in the measurement equation. The simulation results show good performance of the proposed algorithm, which can be easily utilized for real flights.
Affective modulation in positive psychology’s regime of happiness
Authors: Martínez-Guzmán Antar , Lara Ali
Published: May 2019

Over the last decade, positive psychology has reified happiness as the key to achieving an understanding of human psychological experience and development. According to positive psychology, happiness can be understood as a measurable object of self-cultivation and psychological enhancement. This conceptualization has provoked multiple critiques, focusing on the power effects invested in these psychological discourses, with a special emphasis on the governmentality practices they exercise on subjectivity formation, in the context of neoliberal capitalism. Less attention has been paid to the ways in which specific technologies, derived from this “turn to happiness,” have had an influence on subjects’ bodies and embodied experiences beyond discursive means. In this article, we borrow insights from affect studies to contribute to and expand the critique of positive psychology. We do this by analyzing a positive psychology-based app called “Happify.” Our analysis consists of identifying and describing three mechanisms through which this technology modulates the capacities of human bodies by producing preemptive habits that result in what we call the positive psychology regime of happiness.
Bayesian hierarchical latent class models for estimating diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Wang Chunling , Lin Xiaoyan , Nelson Kerrie P
Published: May 2019

The diagnostic accuracy of a test or rater has a crucial impact on clinical decision making. The assessment of diagnostic accuracy for multiple tests or raters also merits much attention. A Bayesian hierarchical conditional independence latent class model for estimating sensitivities and specificities for a large group of tests or raters is proposed, which is applicable to both with-gold-standard and without-gold-standard situations. Through the hierarchical structure, not only are the sensitivities and specificities of individual tests estimated, but also the diagnostic performance of the whole group of tests. For a small group of tests or raters, the proposed model is further extended by introducing pairwise covariances between tests to improve the fitting and to allow for more modeling flexibility. Correlation residual analysis is applied to detect any significant covariance between multiple tests. Just Another Gibbs Sampler (JAGS) implementation is efficiently adopted for both models. Three real data sets from literature are analyzed to explicitly illustrate the proposed methods.
The calculation of a living wage: the UK’s experience
Authors: D’Arcy Conor , Finch David
Published: May 2019

Translating the concept of a living wage into a cash figure presents a number of challenges. A recent review of the approaches used in the UK explored these, with the aim of creating a unified and improved calculation. Designing a living wage relies on some technical decisions, such as which data sources are most appropriate. But many of the building blocks underlying a living wage require judgements on societal values, expectations and norms. The living wage rates in the UK are voluntary and promoted by campaign groups; this means any methodology needs to be empirically sound but also recognise the realities facing employers. No perfect approach can exist. But through analysis, consultation with stakeholders and a clear governance structure, the method used in London and the rest of the UK offers a robust, respected and up-to-date way to calculate the income needed to meet a decent standard of living.
Innovations in Modeling Social Good: A Demonstration With Juvenile Justice Intervention
Authors: Lee JoAnn S. , Wolf-Branigin Michael
Published: May 2019

Objectives:

Using agent-based modeling (ABM) within a complexity theory framework provides an alternative and promising method for significantly advancing the study of social good. Complexity theory is a systems approach based on the idea that aggregate patterns arise from the interactions of agents and their environments. Such systems operate according to a set of simple rules, and patterns emerge from these simple interactions that sometimes cannot be predicted by examining those interactions alone. ABM is a computational approach that simulates the interactions of autonomous agents with each other and their environments (social and/or physical).

Methods:

We adapted the Rebellion model from the NetLogo software library to demonstrate the potential of this approach to measure social good. Specifically, we examine the impact of variables related to juvenile justice involvement on the converse of social good, social exclusion, which in this model was conceptualized as the lack of educational attainment among youth at risk of juvenile justice involvement. After designing our ABM, we ran a total of 2400 simulations where we systematically varied key variables, including arrest risk and maximum sentence.

Results:

We report the descriptive statistics from our simulations for key output variables in the ABM, including percent socially excluded and average accumulated jail time, and demonstrate the usefulness of this method by identifying nonlinear, bivariate associations across the simulations.

Conclusion:

Our model demonstrates the usefulness of an innovative methodological approach, complexity theory, coupled with an innovative technology, ABM, in developing policies and programs that will maximize social good.
Incorporating MDMA as an Adjunct in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy With Clients Impacted by Trauma or PTSD
Authors: Almond Katie , Allan Robert
Published: May 2019

This article explores incorporating 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as an adjunct in emotionally focused couples therapy (EFT) with clients in which at least one participant has endured a traumatic experience and reports symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite classification as a Schedule I drug on the Controlled Substances Act (CSA), in 2017 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration designated MDMA as a “breakthrough therapy” in the treatment of PTSD and approved plans for a Phase 3 clinical trial sponsored by the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies. This article aims to integrate previous and current research involving the therapeutic use of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy into the treatment of PTSD with the systemic, evidence-based approach of EFT.
Radiographic Outcomes of Mobile-Bearing Total Ankle Arthroplasty for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Yano Koichiro , Ikari Katsunori , Okazaki Ken
Published: May 2019

Background:

Ankle disorders in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reduce their quality of life and activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to evaluate the midterm clinical and radiographic outcomes of TAA in patients with RA.

Methods:

This retrospective study included patients with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. A total of 37 RA patients (39 ankles) were enrolled in this study from August 2006 to March 2016. All the patients had undergone primary cemented mobile-bearing total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). Nine ankles received arthrodesis of the subtalar joint simultaneously. Patient-reported outcomes were measured preoperatively and at the latest follow-up by Self-Administered Foot-Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q). Radiographs of the ankle were analyzed preoperatively and at all follow-up visits to measure the periprosthetic radiolucent line, migration of the tibial component, and the subsidence of the talar component. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. The average duration of follow-up for the entire cohort was 5.0 ± 2.0 years (range 2.1-10.1 years).

Results:

All subscales of the SAFE-Q had improved significantly at the latest follow-up. No significant difference was found between the range of motion of the ankle before and after the surgery. Radiolucent lines were observed in 28 (73.7%) ankles. Migration of the tibial component and subsidence of the talar component were found in 8 (21.1%) and 11 (28.9%) ankles, respectively. Intraoperative malleolus fractures occurred in 3 (7.7%) ankles and delayed wound healing in 10 (25.6%) ankles. Four ankles were removed because of deep infection or noninfective loosening, resulting in an implant survival rate of 88.4% (95% CI, 0.76-1.0) at 10 years.

Conclusion:

The midterm patient-reported outcomes and implant retention rate after cemented mobile-bearing TAA for RA patients were satisfactory. However, a low radiographic implant success rate was observed.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
Optimizing the HOMME dynamical core for multicore platforms
Authors: Dennis John M , Dobbins Brian , Kerr Christopher , Kim Youngsung
Published: May 2019

The approach of the next-generation computing platforms offers a tremendous opportunity to advance the state-of-the-art in global atmospheric dynamical models. We detail our incremental approach to utilize this emerging technology by enhancing concurrency within the High-Order Method Modeling Environment (HOMME) atmospheric dynamical model developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). The study focused on improvements to the performance of HOMME which is a Fortran 90 code with a hybrid (MPIOpenMP) programming model. The article describes the changes made to the use of message passing interface (MPI) and OpenMP as well as single-core optimizations to achieve significant improvements in concurrency and overall code performance. For our optimization studies, we utilize the “Cori” system with an Intel Xeon Phi Knights Landing processor deployed at the National Energy Research Supercomputing Center and the “`Cheyenne” system with an Intel Xeon Broadwell processor installed at the NCAR. The results from the studies, using “workhorse” configurations performed at NCAR, show that these changes have a transformative impact on the computational performance of HOMME. Our improvements have shown that we can effectively increase potential concurrency by efficiently threading the vertical dimension. Further, we have seen a factor of two overall improvement in the computational performance of the code resulting from the single-core optimizations. Most notably from the work is that our incremental approach allows for high-impact changes without disrupting existing scientific productivity in the HOMME community.
The role of machine learning in scientific workflows
Authors: Deelman Ewa , Mandal Anirban , Jiang Ming , Sakellariou Rizos
Published: May 2019

Machine learning (ML) is being applied in a number of everyday contexts from image recognition, to natural language processing, to autonomous vehicles, to product recommendation. In the science realm, ML is being used for medical diagnosis, new materials development, smart agriculture, DNA classification, and many others. In this article, we describe the opportunities of using ML in the area of scientific workflow management. Scientific workflows are key to today’s computational science, enabling the definition and execution of complex applications in heterogeneous and often distributed environments. We describe the challenges of composing and executing scientific workflows and identify opportunities for applying ML techniques to meet these challenges by enhancing the current workflow management system capabilities. We foresee that as the ML field progresses, the automation provided by workflow management systems will greatly increase and result in significant improvements in scientific productivity.
Less human, more to blame: Animalizing poor people increases blame and decreases support for wealth redistribution
Authors: Sainz Mario , Martínez Rocío , Sutton Robbie M. , Rodríguez-Bailón Rosa , Moya Miguel
Published: May 2019

Increasing economic inequality adversely affects groups with low socioeconomic status (low-SES). However, many people are opposed to wealth redistribution policies. In this context, we examined whether dehumanization of low-SES groups has a role in this opposition. In the first study ( N = 303), opposition to wealth redistribution was related to denying human uniqueness (e.g., intelligence and rationality) and having negative attitudes toward low-SES groups, more than denying human nature (e.g., emotionality and capacity to suffer) to low-SES groups. Mediation analyses indicated that this effect occurred via blaming low-SES groups for their plight, after controlling for participants’ SES and negative attitudes towards low-SES groups. In the second study ( N = 220), manipulating the human uniqueness of a fictitious low-SES group affected support for wealth redistribution measures through blame. These results indicate that animalizing low-SES groups reduces support for wealth redistribution via blaming low-SES groups for their situation.
Internal coordination of social security in Sweden
Authors: Paju Jaan
Published: May 2019

This article begins with an overview of the structure of local governance in Sweden. It then examines the division of competences between municipalities and county councils, and the population register that determines the applicable law. Following this, the article focuses on health care schemes and the possibility for the competent county council to determine substantive health care. The municipalities’ responsibility for long term social care is then considered. Finally, the municipalities’ room for manoeuvre in relation to the social assistance scheme is reviewed. The concluding section discusses Sweden’s decentralised approach to social security.
Weber’s Science as a Vocation: A moment in the history of “is” and “ought”
Authors: Shapin Steven
Published: May 2019

This essay situates Weber’s 1917 lecture Science as a Vocation in relevant historical contexts. The first context is thought about the changing nature of the scientific role and its place in institutions of higher education, and attention is drawn to broadly similar sentiments expressed by Thorstein Veblen. The second context is that of scientific naturalism and materialism and related sentiments about the “conflicts” between natural science and religion. Finally, there is the context of Weber’s lecture as a performance played out before a specific academic audience at the University of Munich, and the essay suggests the pertinence of that performance to an appreciation of the lecture’s meaning.
Effects of Share 35 Policy on Liver Transplantation Outcomes for Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Zhang Yefei , Boktour Maha R.
Published: May 2019

Background:

To examine the temporal variation and outcomes of liver transplantation between pre- and post-Share 35 eras for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was performed among 4380 patients with end-stage liver disease from the United Network for Organ Sharing database from 2009 to 2017 due to primary diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or cryptogenic cirrhosis with body mass index greater than 30. Cox regressions were used to model the effect of Share 35 policy on patient and graft survival comparing the first 3 years of Share 35 policy to an equivalent time period before.

Results:

The number of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related transplants increased from 232 (14.1%) in 2009 to 266 (20.5%) in 2017. In post-Share 35 era, average waitlist time and cold ischemic time decreased, while Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores increased with higher proportion of recipients having MELD ≥35. No significant difference in average length of hospitalization or survival was found after Share 35.

Conclusions:

The Share 35 policy benefits patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from reduced liver transplantation waiting time. It is also associated with comparable outcomes in 2 eras without increasing cold ischemic time or posttransplant length of hospitalization.
A Focus Group Study on African American Living Donors’ Treatment Preferences, Sociocultural Factors, and Health Beliefs About Apolipoprotein L1 Genetic Testing
Authors: Gordon Elisa J. , Amórtegui Daniela , Blancas Isaac , Wicklund Catherine , Friedewald John , Sharp Richard R.
Published: May 2019

Introduction:

Because apolipoprotein L1 ( APOL1) risk variants may contribute to live donors’ kidney failure postdonation, professional guidelines suggest informing potential donors with African ancestry about the availability of APOL1 genotyping. This study assessed African American (AA) donors’ perceptions of APOL1 genetic testing and how APOL1 may affect ethnic identity.

Methods/Approach:

Four focus groups were conducted with AA donors about their decision-making for and perceptions of APOL1 genetic testing and donation to inform a new culturally targeted educational brochure on APOL1 genetic testing. Qualitative data were analyzed by thematic analysis.

Findings:

Seventeen donors participated (47% participation rate). Four major themes emerged. (1) In hypothetical scenarios, most participants would have undergone APOL1 testing during donor evaluation to make a more informed decision, but many would have still donated. (2) Participants desired information about how having 2 APOL1 risk variants affects the donor’s and the recipient’s health. (3) Participants referred to diversity of genetic ancestry and cultural constructions of racial/ethnic identity to question the population at risk for APOL1 risk variants and recommended that all potential donors undergo genetic testing and receive education about APOL1. (4) Participants worried that out-of-pocket costs would deter APOL1 testing and that APOL1 could become a preexisting condition and discriminate against AAs.

Discussion:

Our findings suggest that AA donors desire APOL1 testing to foster informed consent. Transplant clinicians should be aware of these responses to APOL1 testing and be sensitive to historical issues of distrust and discrimination.
Valproic Acid Inhibits NA-K-2CL Cotransporter RNA Expression in Male But Not in Female Rat Thymocytes
Authors: Juknevičienė Milda , Balnytė Ingrida , Valančiūtė Angelija , Lesauskaitė Vaiva , Stanevičiūtė Jurate , Curkūnavičiūtė Rūta , Stakišaitis Donatas
Published: May 2019

Objective:

The NKCC1 is a recognized tumorigenesis marker as it is important for tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumor progression. The study aim was to investigate the effect of sodium valproate (VPA) on thymus NKCC1 RNA expression.

Material and Methods:

Wistar rats, age 4 to 5 weeks, were investigated in the control and VPA-treated male and female gonad-intact and castrated groups. The treatment duration with VPA 300 mg/kg/d was 4 weeks. Rat thymus was weighted; its lobe was taken for the expression of NKCC1 RNA determined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.

Results:

The RNA expression of the Slc12a2 gene was found to be significantly higher in the gonad-intact male control compared with the gonad-intact female control ( P = .04). There was a gender-related VPA treatment effect on NKCC1 RNA expression in thymus: The Slc12a2 gene RNA expression level was found to be decreased in VPA-treated gonad-intact males ( P = .015), and no significant VPA effects were found in the castrated males and in the gonad-intact and castrated females compared with the respective controls ( P > .05).

Conclusions:

The study showed a gender-related difference in the NKCC1 RNA expression in rat thymus. The VPA decreases the NKCC1 expression in the thymus only in gonad-intact male rats. The NKCC1 RNA expression downregulation by VPA could be important for further VPA pharmacological studies in oncology.
Optimization on cooperative government and enterprise supplies repertories for maritime emergency: A study case in China
Authors: Ai Yunfei , Zhang Qi
Published: May 2019

This article studies the location problem of maritime emergency supplies repertories under the joint of government and enterprises, and it proposes the two-stage optimization location model by integrating the location of maritime emergency supplies repertories, the distribution of emergency supplies, and the cooperation game between the government and enterprises. The first-stage model solves the location–allocation problem of maritime emergency supplies repertories; the second-stage model solves the cooperation game. In view of the model, it designs a genetic, greedy heuristic algorithm. The numerical example results indicate that the joint of government and enterprises can reduce the total cost, the cooperation enterprises can benefit from the alliance, and the alliances are stable, so the model and the algorithm are feasible.
The multichannel integration active contour framework for crack detection
Authors: Xie Xiaomin , Xia Yilin , Liu Bo , Li Kui , Wang Tingting
Published: May 2019

Crack is one of the most important defects to evaluate the health of concrete buildings. Hence, accurate detection is of great significance for the infrastructure maintenance. In this article, an efficient multichannel active contour model for crack extraction is proposed, which integrates various features of the cracks. Firstly, the nonlocal means technique is adopted to eliminate the effects of noise while preserving the edge details. Then, the novel multichannel active contour model energy function is constructed, which considers three characteristics of the cracks: (a) the intensity features map, which is on the basis of the distinct intensity of the cracks; (b) the saliency feature map, which is obtained by the frequency-tuned salient region detection; and (c) the line-like feature map, which is enhanced by the multi-scale Hessian filtering. Also, the line-like feature map is binarized by a set of morphological operations and the Otsu thresholding to initialize the active contour. The proposed approach has been compared with the existing detection models on the public database and the real-world cracks. The experimental results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model.
Foresight Training: Moving from Design to Evaluation
Authors: Gary Jay
Published: May 2019

The futures field has witnessed a rise in foresight training for government and business leaders. How should participants judge the quality of foresight training they receive? This article reviews the history of foresight training and explains why it is incomplete without evaluation. To conclude, practical steps are offered that foresight firms can take to upgrade their training impact through continuous improvement, based on the Kirkpatrick Training Evaluation Model.
The Football Dream of a Sleeping Dragon: Media Framing(s), East–West Geopolitics, and the Crisis of the Chinese Men’s National Team
Authors: Liu Zheng , Chen Ryan , Newman Joshua I.
Published: May 2019

Much like the nation as a whole, the development of football in China has accelerated at unprecedented rates in recent years. The investment toward, participation in, and consumption of the sport has surged in the years following the Chinese Communist Party’s implementation of major 2015 reforms intended to (1) develop the domestic professional football league, (2) grow the sport’s popularity among the country’s 1.4 billion population, (3) increase youth participation, (4) develop the national team to be the best team in Asia, and (5) aggressively bid for a men’s FIFA World Cup. Despite these significant levels of State and private investment theretoward, there are still significant concerns within the Chinese and international media publics about the footballing nation—specifically as related to the performance of the Chinese men’s national team. In this article, we present a comparative analysis of Chinese- and English-language news media representations that frame how east and west media publics might “read” various aspects of Chinese football (commercial, cultural, ideological, etc.). In so doing, we identify and analyze major themes which, as popularized in different popular media contexts, articulate the men’s national team’s performance to broader (inter)national anxieties about the state of football and the geopolitical trajectories of the People’s Republic.
Land Ownership, Youth and Agricultural Performance Among Maize Farmers in Republic of Benin
Authors: Amegnaglo Cocou Jaures , Soglo Yves Yao
Published: May 2019

Access to land plays a major role in the low performance of the food production system in developing countries. The present study analysed the effect of land ownership on young and old farmers’ performance and the potential yield difference among the two groups by using Endogenous Switching Regression Model, based on a random survey of 354 maize farmers. One-third of the farmers interviewed were young. Availability of family land and experience in farming affected young and old farmers differently. Old farmers who have personal or family land ownership have higher yield compared to farmers who rent their farms. Land ownership did not affect the youth yield, meaning only the availability of the land is important for youth, the incremental cost of getting the land does not matter. Land ownership is important in farmers’ performance; therefore, government should take measure to protect agricultural land against land grabbing.
Book review: Tim Dyson, A Population History of India: From the First Modern People to the Present Day
Authors: Moosvi Shireen
Published: May 2019

Tim Dyson, A Population History of India: From the First Modern People to the Present Day (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 2018, 310 pp. (Price in India not stated.)
Book review: R.N. Misra, Ascetics, Piety and Power: Śaiva Siddhānta Monastic Art in the Woodlands of Central India
Authors: Habib Irfan
Published: May 2019

R.N. Misra, Ascetics, Piety and Power: Śaiva Siddhā nta Monastic Art in the Woodlands of Central India (New Delhi: Aryan Books International), 2018, xii + 219 pp., ₹2,400 (Hardbound).
Book review: S. Irfan Habib, ed., Indian Nationalism: The Essential Writings and Inquilab: Bhagat Singh on Religion and Revolution
Authors: Habib Irfan
Published: May 2019

S. Irfan Habib, ed., Indian Nationalism: The Essential Writings (New Delhi: Aleph Book Company), 2017, 285 pp., ₹499 (Hb). ISBN 97893-528-0837-3.

S. Irfan Habib, ed., Inquilab: Bhagat Singh on Religion and Revolution (New Delhi: SAGE Publications), 2018, 192 pp., ₹295 (Pb). ISBN 978-93-86021-05-2.
New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. XII. Zubkovaite, Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4
Authors: Pekov Igor V. , Lykova Inna S. , Agakhanov Atali A. , Belakovskiy Dmitry I. , Vigasina Marina F. , Britvin Sergey N. , Turchkova Anna G. , Sidorov Evgeny G. , Scheidl Katharina S.
Published: May 2019

The new mineral zubkovaite, Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4, was found in the Arsenatnaya fumarole at the Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. It is associated with anhydrite, svabite, hematite, johillerite, tilasite, fluorophlogopite, sanidine and aphthitalite. Zubkovaite occurs as coarse prismatic crystals up to 0.01 mm × 0.01 mm × 0.2 mm combined in radiating aggregates or crusts. The mineral is transparent, bright sky-blue, turquoise-coloured or light bluish-green, with vitreous lustre. It is brittle, with imperfect cleavage. The Mohs’ hardness isca3.Dcalcis 4.161 g cm–3. Zubkovaite is optically biaxial (–), α = 1.747(5), β = 1.774(5), γ = 1.792(5) and 2Vmeas= 75(10)°. Chemical composition (wt.%, electron microprobe) is: CaO 19.22, CuO 27.37, As2O552.54, SO30.67, total 99.80. The empirical formula based on 16 O apfu is Ca2.96Cu2.97(As3.945S0.07)Σ4.015O16. Zubkovaite is monoclinic,C2,a= 16.836(3),b= 5.0405(8),c= 9.1173(17) Å, β = 117.388(13)°,V= 687.0(2) Å3andZ= 2. The strongest reflections of the powder XRD pattern [d,Å (I) (hkl)] are: 7.44 (100) ($\bar 2$01), 3.727 (79) (400,$\bar 2$02,$\bar 3$11), 3.334 (92) ($\bar 1$12), 2.914 (73) (311), 2.765 (50) ($\bar 6$01,$\bar 6$02), 2.591 (96) ($\bar 3$13) and 2.521 (53) (020). The crystal structure is unique for minerals. It was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data toR= 7.19%. The structure contains trimers of Cu2+-centred polyhedra (consisting of one distorted square CuO4in the core and two distorted square pyramids CuO5) and two crystallographically independent As5+O4tetrahedra playing different roles: As(2)O4tetrahedra link neighbouring trimers into ribbons whereas As(1)O4tetrahedra link adjacent ribbons into heteropolyhedral layers; Ca cations are located in the interlayer space. The mineral is named in honour of the Russian crystallographer and crystal chemist Natalia Vital'evna Zubkova (born 1976).
Crystal chemistry of halurgite, Mg4[B8O13(OH)2]2·7H2O, a microporous heterophylloborate mineral
Authors: Pekov Igor V. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Ksenofontov Dmitry A. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Korotchenkova Oksana V. , Chaikovskiy Ilya I. , Yapaskurt Vasiliy O. , Britvin Sergey N. , Pushcharovsky Dmitry Yu.
Published: May 2019

Three samples of halurgite were re-examined: two from the Chelkar salt dome in the North Caspian Region, Western Kazakhstan (the type locality and including the type specimen), and one from a new locality in the Satimola salt dome located in the same region. The crystal structure of halurgite has been solved for the first time on the specimen from Chelkar with the empirical formula Mg3.94[B8.03O13.03(OH)1.97]2·7.16H2O; refinement began with single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and was subsequently refined on a powder sample using the Rietveld method (Rp= 0.0232,Rwp= 0.0354 andRobs= 0.0558). The idealised crystal chemical formula of halurgite is Mg4[B8O13(OH)2]2·7H2O. The mineral is monoclinic,P2/c,a= 13.201(2),b= 7.5622(10),c= 13.185(2) Å, β = 91.834(14)°,V= 1315.6(4) Å3andZ= 2. The crystal structure is unique. Eight B polyhedra form a fundamental building block [B8O16(OH)2], which is a six-membered borate ring (built by two pairs of B tetrahedra and two B triangles) with two additional triangular BO2(OH) groups. Each [B8O16(OH)2] ring is linked to six adjacent analogous rings to form a [B8O13(OH)2]∞layer. These layers are connectedviaMgO6and Mg(OH)2(H2O)4octahedra into a microporous heteropolyhedral pseudo-framework. The crystal structure of halurgite can also be described in terms of an approach developed for heterophyllosilicates containing three-layerHOHmodules, whereHOHrefers to an octahedral layerOsandwiched between two heteropolyhedral layersH. In halurgite theHOHmodule consists of two heteropolyhedral (BO3triangles + BO4tetrahedra) borateHlayers [B8O13(OH)2]∞and a central interruptedOlayer composed of MgO6octahedra, whereas a more voluminous Mg(OH)2(H2O)4octahedral complex and additional H2O molecules are located betweenHOHmodules. Halurgite and four related synthetic H-free boratesM2Cd3B16O28andM2Ca3B16O28(M= Rb or Cs) can be considered microporous heterophylloborates.
Detection of tunnels and boulders using shallow SH-SH reflected seismic waves
Authors: Pugin André J.-M. , Brewer Kevin , Cartwright Timothy , Sargent Steven L.
Published: May 2019

We present three case studies on detecting buried glacial boulders, a sewage tunnel, and abandoned coal mine tunnels using shear-wave reflection methods. The seismic signature of such subsurface features is in the form of an isolated diffraction, distinctly recognized on seismic sections obtained from shallow seismic surveys using a transverse horizontal (H2) source and a multichannel landstreamer that consists of H2 geophones. We used H2 impulsive and vibrator sources with varying bandwidth. Based on field experiments with multicomponent recordings, we determined that the H2-H2 source-receiver configuration is the most optimal to generate downgoing horizontally polarized shear (SH) waves and upcoming SH reflected and diffracted waves. A shallow SH-SH image using a microvibe high-frequency sweep exhibits a wavelength between 1 and 2 m, which is comparable to that of a ground-penetrating radar image with the additional advantage of deeper penetration.
Investigations in groundwater flow toward a spring in the Saphire area, Soufriere, Saint Lucia, West Indies
Authors: Morgan Frank Dale , Al Nasser Saleh , Jerry Ruel , Verneuil Ananias
Published: May 2019

The Cocoa Grove Group is planning a housing development on approximately 5.5 acres in the area of Saphire, Diamond, Saint Lucia. Directly downhill of the property is a Water and Sewage Company (WASCO) spring that supplies drinking water to the town of Soufriere. This potable water is of high purity. Concern was expressed by WASCO as to the advisability of implementing development directly above the emanation of the spring. The obvious concerns were the possible change in flow volumes and chemical and biological contamination if a housing development was completed. F. D. Morgan and the Saint Lucia Water Resources personnel representing the Cocoa Grove Group discussed whether geophysical methods could be used to map the direction of groundwater flow into the spring. The group agreed that geophysical methods could be used in an attempt to delineate the underground flow paths into the spring. It was made clear that investigations could produce results that could be either favorable or unfavorable to the proposed development. Consequently, geophysical surveys were planned and executed in the area of concern to measure resistivity and self potentials. The geophysics did not indicate evidence of substantial fluid flow into the spring. However, we were able to locate the main water supply from the top of Terre Blanche down toward the spring. The flow comes downhill via a significant geologic fracture that is hidden from sight in the dense tree cover. Recommendations were made that it is relatively safe to develop the site as intended with respect to possible water contamination. In conclusion, we also recommended that WASCO take water from another point of a topographic step on Terre Blanche. Doing so would reduce the contamination risk essentially to zero from the planned housing development area.
URTeC 2019: Returning to our roots in the Rockies
Authors: Singleton Scott
Published: May 2019

The Unconventional Resources Technology Conference (URTeC) was first held in Denver, Colorado, in 2013, laying the groundwork for the solid foundation that has made URTeC the go-to conference in the world of unconventionals. Following a swing through San Antonio (twice), Austin, and Houston, Texas, URTeC will once again take place in Denver at the Colorado Convention Center, 22–24 July.
Why we need to take personality disorder out of the doghouse
Authors: Tyrer Peter
Published: May 2019

The diagnosis of personality disorder is sometimes tolerated but often reviled as a label to attach to people we do not like. This is hardly surprising when we consider that problems in interpersonal relationships constitute the main feature of the disorder. But we cannot escape the fact that personality problems are extremely common and rejection on grounds of perceived undesirability is doltish. Both the DSM-5 (2013) alternative model and new ICD-11 classification of personality may help understanding as they are more in tune with science. Most of the previous classifications have failed to help practitioners or patients.
First Rank Symptoms of Schizophrenia: I. the Frequency in Schizophrenics on Admission to Hospital II. Differences between Individual First Rank Symptoms
Authors: Mellor C. S.
Published: May 2019

Kurt Schneider (1939) set a high value on certain symptoms in the diagnosis of schizophrenia. He named them ‘first rank symptoms'. This paper gives an account of these symptoms in schizophrenics, on admission to mental hospital; the assumption being that if they are the defining symptoms of the illness then they should be most prominent in the acute phase.
Phobias and Affective Illness
Authors: Schapira Kurt , Kerr T. A. , Roth Martin
Published: May 2019

A phobia may be defined as a persistent and inappropriate fear of a specific object or situation; the majority of phobias do not come to the attention of the psychiatrist, as they are readily circumvented and hence do not interfere significantly with the individual's mode of life.
Neurosis and Marital Interaction: I. Personality and Symptoms
Authors: Kreitman Norman , Collins Joyce , Nelson Barbara , Troop Jane
Published: May 2019

This paper is the first in a series reporting a study of the effects of neurosis on the patient's marriage and marital partner, in which we repeated and extended observations made in a previous inquiry (Kreitman, 1964) and tested certain hypotheses arising from these data.
The Evidence for a Birth Order Factor in Schizophrenia
Authors: Hinshelwood R. D.
Published: May 2019

The presence of a birth order factor in the aetiology of schizophrenia is indicated by evidence of two kinds. The evidence, however, is apparently conflicting.
Practice, Preferences, and Practical Tips From Primary Care Physicians to Improve the Care of Cancer Survivors
Authors: McDonough Allison L. , Rabin Julia , Horick Nora , Lei Yvonne , Chinn Garrett , Campbell Eric G. , Park Elyse R. , Peppercorn Jeffrey
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE:

There is a need to improve the coordination of care and communication between primary care physicians (PCPs) and oncology after completion of initial cancer treatment. We sought to evaluate PCP experiences and perspectives in cancer survivorship and to identify practical opportunities to improve care within an integrated health care system with a shared electronic health record (EHR).

METHODS:

We conducted a self-administered, anonymous, electronic survey of PCPs in practices affiliated with an academic medical center to evaluate practices, the sense of preparedness, and preferences in the delivery of survivorship care and communication with oncology.

RESULTS:

One hundred seventeen of 225 PCPs responded (response rate, 52%). A majority were engaged in survivorship care, with 94% reporting managing psychological sequelae of cancer, 84% managing chronic physical complications, 71% screening for cancer recurrence, and 60% screening for late complications. However, few PCPs felt prepared to manage these issues: 65% felt unprepared to screen for late complications, and 36% felt unprepared to screen for recurrence. Common barriers to survivorship care were uncertainty about delegation of responsibility (73%) and a lack of training (72%). PCPs expressed strong interest in survivorship care plans, preferring active tracking of ongoing care needs and delegation of care responsibility in the EHR active problem list over traditional summary documents.

CONCLUSION:

Most PCPs are engaged in cancer survivorship care but report barriers to optimal care delivery. Opportunities to improve care could include targeted education to increase preparedness to deliver survivorship care, and optimization of communication among providers, including active survivorship care plans in the EHR.