bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of pressure ulcers in patients with declining renal function using arginine, glutamine and ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate
Authors: Ogura Y. , Yuki N. , Sukegane A. , Nishi T. , Miyake Y. , Sato H. , Miyamoto C. , Mihara C.
Published: October 2015

The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy on healing pressure ulcers (PU) of using a supplement combination containing arginine, glutamine and ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate, which was given to two elderly patients with renal dysfunction. The PU was surgically opened, decompressed and treated by drugs. A half quantity of the defined dose of the supplement combination, with an enteral nutrition product, was administered to the patients twice a day. This combination improved the PUs, with no effect on renal function. This novel finding may provide a nutritional rationale of arginine, glutamine and ß-hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate for PUs associated with renal dysfunction.
It's all 3D to me
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: October 2015

This is the first article in a series looking at common 3D shapes in our environment. It provides a range of activities to help children explore the properties of pyramids, triangular prisms and cones.
A Marxist Approach of the Middle-Income Trap in China
Authors: Mylène Gaulard
Published: October 2015

Since 2012, China is confronted with a slowing down of its economic growth, and various studies about the middle-income trap wonder about the capacity of this country to reach the category of high-income per capita countries. Most of the time, the increase of wage costs, and more particularly of unit labor costs, is accused of being responsible for this slowing down, through the loss of international competitiveness in particular. Nevertheless, it is important to put in perspective this explanation, because the increase of the unit labor cost seems less dangerous than the decrease of capital productivity, which a reversion to the Marxist analysis allows us to better understand.
Fourier and Agriculture
Authors: Joan Roelofs
Published: October 2015

Charles Fourier has been disdained or ignored by social scientists. Some of his ideas were “mad,” but so many others were brilliant. Now we can see that even some “mad” ideas were simply premature, for example, global warming. His works are a “whole earth catalog” of solutions to today's most intractable problems, such as agricultural labor in a democracy, environmental degradation, consumerism, loneliness, the decline of the family, the gradual disappearance of nutritious meals (and shared mealtimes), eldercare, boredom at work, unemployment, and the fragmentation of communities by “identity” politics. In 19th-century United States, Fourierist and Owenite communitarian models for settling the country were taken very seriously by intellectuals, and more than 100 communities existed. In 1909, the US Commission on Country Life found persistent problems in our largely isolated farming system: the “idiocy of rural life” and environmental degradation. Yet despite reforms, the agricultural sector today offers few options other than self-exploitation family farms, chemicalized agribusiness, brutalized migrant labor, or those questionable imports. Furthermore, labor-saving devices have not eliminated the time and thought required to obtain and prepare nutritious meals; even the affluent often resort to junk food. Fourier's solutions illuminate our rural dysfunctions and also suggest some not-so-fantastic ideas for remediating the situation.
Hungarian women toe the line: How Communist propaganda parallels corporate advertising
Authors: Medvedev Katalin
Published: October 2015

This article suggests that fashion communication, especially fashion advertising, is a form of propaganda, and that propaganda is sometimes disguised as a form of sartorial communication. Just as advertisers and marketers in modern corporate societies use propaganda to mobilize a target audience and to sell goods infinitely, early Communism in Hungary set its sights on women and sought to generate its ideology and practices through them. Understanding the social importance of fashion for women and aspiring to win over an apolitical female citizenry, Hungarian Communists chose a women’s magazine, Asszonyok, which existed from 1945 to 1949, to help deliver its propaganda messages. This article also discusses examples of fashion communication in Asszonyok, with special focus on shoes, to show that the Communist Party regime in Hungary used sartorial symbolism as a primary tool of political persuasion aimed at women.
Mensuração da contribuição do setor privado para a cobertura arbórea no município de Piracicaba.
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Azevedo Mendes , Caldana Cristiane Renata Gaiotto , Cardoso Aroldo Luiz Pereira , Silva Filho Demóstenes Ferreira , Polizel Jefferson Lordello , Gandara Mendes Flávio Bertin
Published: October 2015

A manutenção da vegetação urbana é extremamente importante como mantenedora da qualidade de vida da população. Com relação aos principais estudos sobre vegetação urbana normalmente são abordados parques urbanos, os locais normalmente negligenciados nestes estudos, são áreas verdes dentro de terrenos particulares, como os quintais urbanos. Estes apresentam uma grande importância ecológica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a área de cobertura arbórea que se encontra dentro de áreas privadas no perímetro urbano do município de Piracicaba, utilizando imagem do Satélite WorldView-2 e softwares para obtenção dos resultados. Neste trabalho foram utilizadas imagens WorldView-2 de 2011 da área urbana expandida do município de Piracicaba. Nesta imagem foi feita a classificação supervisionada através do software MultiSpec 3.4 em 12 classes, mensurando a cobertura arbórea do município. Após a classificação e análise visual da imagem foi criado um buffer no software Quantum Gis 2.8.1.de 10 metros para ruas e 12 metros para avenidas, para excluir árvores em ruas e avenidas.Após este procedimento no programa ArcGis 10.2.2 foram retiradas todas as das vias públicas, pela ferramente clip, entre a classe copa de árvore e o buffer de ruas. Ainda neste software foram cortadas todas as área com cobertura arbórea em áreas publicas, APPs, e zonas de transição, com a ferramenta erase, contabilizando somente as árvores em terrenos privados.  Foi encontrada uma área de 5338,15 ha de cobertura arbórea total na área urbana expandida do município de Piracicaba em 2011, destes 1083,4 ha de cobertura arbórea estava em áreas privadas representando 20,3%.
Uma base preliminar de informações para o estudo do movimento de uma suspensão particulada com restrição de incompressibilidade
Authors: Libório Denisson De Oliveira , Santos Edilson Jesus , Santana Pedro Leite , Silva Cristina Ferraz , Silva Antônio Santos
Published: October 2015

Neste trabalho, no contexto de meio poroso com restrição de incompressibilidade, é preparada uma base preliminar de informações para o estudo de grandezas arbitrárias e constitutivas de uma suspensão particulada. São determinadas duas soluções exatas de um sistema de equações do movimento da suspensão particulada. As duas soluções são arrumadas em modelagem matemática do movimento gravitacional de suspensões particuladas em proveta, a qual envolve sub-regiões que variam com o tempo e são delimitadas por interfaces em movimento, inclusive pela onda de aceleração. Uma solução é encaixada na região de sedimentação livre e a outra na região de transição. Os movimentos da onda e das interfaces são estabelecidos pela compatibilização da solução exata da região de sedimentação livre com a solução exata da região de transição, os quais dependem dos parâmetros velocidade da onda de aceleração, ponto de encontro da onda com a interface superior descendente e ponto de encontro das interfaces. Das soluções exatas e dos movimentos são estabelecidas duas funções velocidades que servem como base para o cálculo de tais parâmetros, juntamente com o uso de dados experimentais da literatura de altura versus tempo da interface superior descendente do próprio teste de proveta. Com isso, é estabelecida uma base preliminar de informações para o estudo do movimento de uma suspensão particulada com restrição de incompressibilidade. São mostrados resultados sobre o cálculo numérico da velocidade da onda de aceleração, do ponto de encontro da onda com a interface superior descendente e do ponto de encontro das interfaces.
EFFECT OF DIVIDEND POLICY ON STOCK PRICES
Authors: SHARIF Ilyas , ALİ Adnan , JAN Farzand Ali
Published: October 2015

This investigates the effect of dividend policy on stock prices. Objective of the study is to see if there exists any relationship between dividend policy and stock prices. We analyzed 45 non-financial companies listed on KSE-100 index that have earned profits and paid dividend for a period of twelve year w.e.f. 2001. Technique adopted for sampling adopted is convenience sampling. As the nature of data is panel therefore, pooled regression, fixed and random effect tests are run. Random effect results are focused after applying Hausman’s test.Regression Results witness that Dividend per Share andRetention Ratio havean insignificant relationship with Share Market Prices.Dividend Payout Ratio has a significant positive relationship with Share Prices as supported by the Bird in hand theory suggested that owners give preference to a dollar of estimated dividends over a likely dollar of capital gains. Profit after tax, Earning per share and Return on Equity are the three control variables. Profit after Tax has insignificant relation to Stock Prices. Earnings per Share have positive significant relation to Stock Prices. There is negative significant relation between Return on Equity and Share Prices. It is recommended that firms in the sample should regularly pay dividend as it will cause an upward movement in the stock market prices. Whereas profit retention by firms will result in a decrease in the value of the stock market prices.
FARKLI YÖNLERİ VE KATKILARIYLA KATILIM BANKACILIĞI
Authors: GÜNGÖR KAMİL
Published: October 2015

Faizsiz bankacılık dünyada 1960’lı Türkiye’de ise 1980’li yılların ortalarında gündeme gelmiştir. 1970’li yıllarda Körfez ülkelerinde uygulamaya başlanan faizsiz bankacılık daha sonra batılı ülkelere de uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Türkiye’de “katılı bankacılığı” olarak isimlendirilen faizsiz bankacılığın fon toplama ve kullandırma usullerinde geleneksel bankacılıktan önemli ölçüde farklı ve yeni bir yöntemdir. Katılım bankaları hem Türkiye’de hem de dünyada müşterilerine geleneksel bankalardan farklı alternatifler sunmaktadır. Ekonomi politikalarının sürekli, uzun vadeli ve reel sektörü destekleyici olması gerekir. Eğer kamusal açıkların çok büyük, devletin borçlanma gereği ve riskler çok yüksek olursa yatırımcının karar vermekte güçlük çekerler. Reel sektörü destekleyen katılım bankaları uzun vadede küresel ya da yerel çapta ekonomik krizlere neden olan bu politikalara bir alternatiftir.
Islamic Theological Views on the Teachers’ Position and Duties
Authors: Lubis Agus Salim
Published: October 2015

Some people always underestimate  teachers. A  person as teachers do not preserve their personality; whereas, from the side of tauhid, teaching profession is a very noble job and should be given a high honor. Why? Because the tasks undertaken by the teachers have the relationship with the existence of what has been done by God, Allah, to all His creators, as teaching, educating, leading, guiding, and preserving. On the other hand, a teacher must have a personality with divine attributes (rabbaniyah), such as love and gentle, honest, virtuous, patient, has a broad and deep knowledge, clean or avoid sin, humble and forgiving, and others. Keywords: Teacher, Theology, Islam.Copyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Developing Environment–Based Materials to Teach Writing in Recount Texts
Authors: Hapsari Fauziah Ratna
Published: October 2015

The tenth graders of State Senior High School 2 Semarang had problems to write their experiences. Unfortunately the existing materials were not appropriate to facilitate the learners to write recount texts. Hence, this study would like to develop environment – based materials to teach writing recount texts. It was inspired by the previous studies held by Gürsoy (2010) and Hauschild (2012). The materials were expected to improve learners’ writing competence of recount texts by applying topics which learners found in their daily lives, that is, environmental education. This study employed Research and Development design adapted from Borg and Gall (2003). The study found that applying the environment – based materials to teach writing recount texts gained positive effects. Moreover, the test of effectiveness reported significant improvement. The average score of pre-test was 48.94 and of post-test was 81.61. Therefore, English teachers are suggested to employ the materials. It is also necessary to conduct further studies to gain more positive effects toward teaching and learning process and to improve the learners’ writing competence. Keywords: Teaching writing; recount text; environment – based materials; contextual teaching and learningCopyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Ecotourism Development: Educational Media of Environmental Care
Authors: Hatta Mohd. , Thamrin Thamrin , Sudjianto Sudjianto , Yoswati Desi
Published: October 2015

One of appropriate tourism management models to be implemented while maintaining the sustainability and the beauty of the nature is sustainable tourism activities that have low impact on the environment, otherwise known as ecotourism. With the concept of ecotourism, which combines tourism with nature conservation, is believed to develop the rest of the environmental potential. Developing the natural ecotourism with alignments principles on nature and will be very beneficial to humans. Its usefulness is not only availability of a healthy environment and climate, maintaining flora and fauna that increasingly rare, but also can be a direct lecturing media, both formal and informal levels. Availability of valuable educational ecotourism area has to be monitored seriously so that the chain of intergenerational education of nature is not interrupted. Through ecotourism promoting the values of education, future generations will be more familiar with nature as an integral part of life. Keywords: Ecotourism, educational media, environmentCopyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
Transformation of the Minangkabau Islamic Education: The Study of Educational thought of Abdul Karim Amrullah, Abdullah Ahmad And Rahmah El-Yunusiyah
Authors: Zulmuqim Zulmuqim
Published: October 2015

Transformation of education in Minangkabau at the Beginning the 20th Century was done by established figure of Islam, such as Abdul Karim Amrullah, Abdullah Ahmad and Rahmah el-Yunusiyah. Abdul Karim Amrullah begins transforming Islamic education by changing the status of Jembatan Besi Surau to become Islamic modern school (Madrasah) with class system, which is known as Sumatera Thawalib. Abdullah Ahmad transforms Islamic education by establishing HIS Adabiyah with school system, and also includes Islamic subjects in the curriculum. Moreover Rahmah el-Yunusiyah committed renewal by building woman Islamic school (Madrasah). Key words:Renewal, Islamic Education, Education Thinking.Copyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
The Using of Media in Learning Fiqh to the Islamic Education Department of Education and Teacher Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang
Authors: Sabri Ahmad , Gusmaneli Gusmaneli , Gusmaneli Gusmaneli
Published: October 2015

The using of media in learning is one of important aspects to be applied in learning process, the delivery of learning material is easy to understand, in addition to the provide more concrete learning, specially in the achievement of learning objectives. The aims of this study is to reveal the use of Media in Learning Fiqh in the Department of Islamic Education, Education and Teaching Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang. This study used a qualitative descriptive method, the informants of this study is consisted of lecturers who teach jurisprudence at the Department of Islamic education, the other jurisprudence lecturers, students and subsequently increased in accordance with the purposes of the data obtained. Data collected by using observation, interviews, and documentation, to the validity of the data obtained, it is conducted the triangulation during the research process. The research results revealed that the Use of Media in Learning Fiqh of the Department of Islamic Education in Teaching Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang by lecturers already in used, such as using a doll to organize the corpse, shroud, perfume, coffin corpse and occasional lecturer use media electronics such as laptop. This was due to the limited facilities and infrastructure that provide in Department of Islamic Education, Tarbiyah Faculty of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang, and the instability of electricity power, thus, the most frequently media that is used by lecturer is a whiteboard using the discussion method. Keywords: Media, Learning of jurisprudence, Department  of Islamic studiesCopyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
The Simaba guianensis complex in northers South America
Authors: Thomas Wm. Wayt
Published: October 2015

With additional data from specimens not studied by previous workers, the confusing Simaba guianensis compex was re-analized. Simaba polyphylla is recognized as a distinct species and two subspecies of S. guianensis are maintained. Simaba polyphylla, S. guianensis ssp. guianensis, and S. guianensis ssp. ecaudata are keyed, described, and illustrated and specimens examined are cited for each. Specimens of S. guianensis ssp. ecaudata show great morphological diversity but can be separeted into three groups. Further collecting may provide information that shows these groups to be worthy of separate taxonomic status.
Tropical lowland mosses disjunct between Africa and the Americas, including Calyptothecium planifrons (Ren. & Par.) Argent, new to the Western Hemisphere
Authors: Reese William D.
Published: October 2015

Calyptothecium planifrons (Ren. & Par.) Argent is reported new to the Western Hemisphere based on two recent collections from Brazilian Amazonia, in Pará and Rondônia; C. planifrons was originally described from Madagascar. Forteen Other species of mosses with apparently disjunct distributions between tropical Africa and tropical America are also discussed. It is likely that mos or all of this species discussed will prove to have wider distributions in the tropics when world-wide revisions are carried out.
Vencimento, Remuneração e Condições de Trabalho de Professores da Rede Municipal de São Paulo
Authors: Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Minhoto Maria Angélica Pedra
Published: October 2015

Resumo:O texto caracteriza a remuneração e as condições de trabalho de docentes da rede municipal de São Paulo, entre 1996 e 2010. Analisa a variação do vencimento básico e a composição da remuneração dos professores. Verificou-se que a rede municipal de São Paulo destaca-se em termos de atendimento no país; não há um aumento significativo no valor do vencimento base dos docentes, em comparação com a variação do valor aluno-ano Fundef/Fundeb; o vencimento base é o item de maior peso financeiro na folha de pagamento; o tempo de serviço é o principal fator para a progressão na carreira; e a proliferação de jornadas e a possibilidade de acúmulo de cargos colocaram-se como alternativas de enfrentamento aos baixos salários.
Sugarcane response to nitrogen rates, measured by a canopy reflectance sensor
Authors: Rosa Hugo José Andrade , Amaral Lucas Rios do , Molin José Paulo , Cantarella Heitor
Published: October 2015

Abstract:The objective of this work was to evaluate whether a canopy sensor is capable of estimating sugarcane response to N, as well as to propose strategies for handling the data generated by this device during the decision-making process for crop N fertilization. Four N rate-response experiments were carried out, with N rates varying from 0 to 240 kg ha-1. Two evaluations with the canopy sensor were performed when the plants reached average stalk height of 0.3 and 0.5 m. Only two experiments showed stalk yield response to N rates. The canopy sensor was able to identify the crop response to different N rates and the relationship of the nutrient with sugarcane yield. The response index values obtained from the canopy sensor readings were useful in assessing sugarcane response to the applied N rate. Canopy reflectance sensors can help to identify areas responsive to N fertilization and, therefore, improve sugarcane fertilizer management.
Acquired dysgraphia in adults following right or left-hemisphere stroke
Authors: Rodrigues Jaqueline de Carvalho , Fontoura Denise Ren da , Salles Jerusa Fumagalli de
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the strengths and difficulties in word and pseudoword writing in adults with left- and right-hemisphere strokes, and discuss the profiles of acquired dysgraphia in these individuals.METHODS: The profiles of six adults with acquired dysgraphia in left- or right-hemisphere strokes were investigated by comparing their performance on word and pseudoword writing tasks against that of neurologically healthy adults. A case series analysis was performed on the patients whose impairments on the task were indicative of acquired dysgraphia.RESULTS: Two patients were diagnosed with lexical dysgraphia (one with left hemisphere damage, and the other with right hemisphere damage), one with phonological dysgraphia, another patient with peripheral dysgraphia, one patient with mixed dysgraphia and the last with dysgraphia due to damage to the graphemic buffer. The latter patients all had left-hemisphere damage (LHD). The patterns of impairment observed in each patient were discussed based on the dual-route model of writing.CONCLUSION: The fact that most patients had LHD rather than right-hemisphere damage (RHD) highlights the importance of the former structure for word processing. However, the fact that lexical dysgraphia was also diagnosed in a patient with RHD suggests that these individuals may develop writing impairments due to damage to the lexical route, leading to heavier reliance on phonological processing. Our results are of significant importance to the planning of writing interventions in neuropsychology.
Autophagy Induces Prosenescent Changes in Proximal Tubular S3 Segments
Authors: Baisantry Arpita , Bhayana Sagar , Rong Song , Ermeling Esther , Wrede Christoph , Hegermann Jan , Pennekamp Petra , Sörensen-Zender Inga , Haller Hermann , Melk Anette , Schmitt Roland
Published: October 2015

Evidence suggests that autophagy promotes the development of cellular senescence. Because cellular senescence contributes to renal aging and promotes the progression from AKI to CKD, we investigated the potential effect of tubular autophagy on senescence induction. Compared with kidneys from control mice, kidneys from mice with conditional deletion of autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) for selective ablation of autophagy in proximal tubular S3 segments (Atg5
Δ

flox/

Δ

flox) presented with significantly less tubular senescence, reduced interstitial fibrosis, and superior renal function 30 days after ischemia/reperfusion injury. To correlate this long-term outcome with differences in the early injury process, kidneys were analyzed 2 hours and 3 days after reperfusion. Notably, compared with kidneys of control mice, Atg5
Δ

flox/

Δ

flox kidneys showed more cell death in outer medullary S3 segments at 2 hours but less tubular damage and inflammation at day 3. These data suggest that the lack of autophagy prevents early survival mechanisms in severely damaged tubular cells. However, if such compromised cells persist, then they may lead to maladaptive repair and proinflammatory changes, thereby facilitating the development of a senescent phenotype and CKD.
Effects of the Аspen Short-Rotation Plantation on the C and N Biological Cycles in Boreal Forests: The Model Experiment
Authors: Комаров А.С. , Komarov A.S.
Published: October 2015

The results of a model experiment on the evaluation of environmental effects of the forest plantation based on transgenic forms of aspen are analyzed.
The system of simulation models EFIMOD, which combines both populational and mass-balance approaches, was used to investigate changes of the biological cycles
of carbon and nitrogen as a result of the replacement of natural forests by aspen (Populus tremula L.) plantations
(including plantation of aspen trees with modified growth parameters and increased nitrogen content in tissues). The model experiment was carried out using
the data on climate and soils that are typical for spruce forests of North-West of Leningrad region. Short-rotation plantations (30 yrs) on the place of
spruce forests after clear cutting were simulated. The results obtained showed a greater decrease of C stock in soils under plantations of modified aspen trees.
The total pool of N in soils under plantations slightly decreased in spite of the nitrogen fertilizer use. Losses of C and N in forest soils are explained
by the consumption of nutrient elements by fast-growing stands of transgenic and non-trangenic aspen that not compensated by the return of the elements with
the annual litter fall.
Sexual Commercialization and Masculine Rhetoric: Prostitution in Spain
Authors: Gómez Agueda , Pérez Sílvia , Matés Rosa Mª Verdugo
Published: October 2015

This article is focused on the study conducted on prostitution customers in Spain with the purpose of understanding why men pay for sex. In order to answer this question, the discourses of prostitution customers were analyzed through semi-structured in-depth interviews, group interviews and discussion groups. With the aim of coherently structuring the obtained narrations and classifying them in categories, the theoretical framework “frame analysis” was implemented. Four typologies of ideal customers were obtained: the misogynistic (hatred for women); consumerist (everything can be bought and sold); friend (affective though abusive); and critical (occasional and repentant). As far as we are concerned, the purchase of sex is not produced by the search for quality sex, fun and hedonistic enjoyment, but rather for a strategy to reinforce masculinity based on an identity focused on exhibition in front of a group of peers.
Male Rape Myths: Understanding and Explaining Social Attitudes Surrounding Male Rape
Authors: Javaid Aliraza
Published: October 2015

This paper provides a critical review of the literature surrounding male rape, aimed at exploring how male rape myths shape society’s responses and attitudes to male victims of rape and integrates the literature from a theory driven perspective. In doing so, this theoretical paper reveals information relating to the barriers to recognition of male rape. These barriers are male rape myths that prevent male rape victims from coming forward and seeking the support that they merit. There has been a lack of research on male rape myths, although some research has documented such myths to be present in practice. These myths could be harmful because they may influence societies’ opinions of male rape victims, so this could affect the treatment and responses toward such victims. To understand and explain such myths so some attempt can be made at eradicating them, this paper will explore common male rape myths that seem to be prevalent in Western society. This paper will examine male rape myths in the areas of media, incarcerated settings, and the wider community, focusing on England and Wales, UK. This is important to do to recognise which myths are harmful and are facilitating the under-reporting of male rape. This paper will help raise awareness of male rape myths and not only attempt to tackle them, but also encourage male rape victims to come forward to report and seek the help that they merit. It will also address the gaps in the literature and areas ripe for research, so further empirical research can be conducted on male rape, highlighting ideas for future research and providing guidance in areas most needed in research on male rape.
Ser Macho y Jugar al Rugby. Estudio sobre Masculinidades y Sociabilidad entre Hombres de Sectores Dominantes de la Ciudad de La Plata
Authors: Branz Juan Bautista
Published: October 2015

El problema central a discutir en este artículo es la construcción de masculinidades entre un grupo de hombres que practica rugby, como deporte asociado a un carácter distintivo y selectivo (emparentado con la posición de clase) en la ciudad de La Plata, y en Argentina. Desde un enfoque -fundamentalmente- etnográfico analizaremos las representaciones que un grupo de jugadores de rugby tiene sobre su propia práctica, sobre sus formas de ser y actuar como hombre. La hipótesis de este trabajo radica en que el rugby es un espacio de distinción moral, social y cultural en la ciudad de La Plata, y un lugar en donde se produce y reproduce un modelo masculino dominante, donde la exaltación de la virilidad es un atributo que se exhibe positivamente entre el grupo de hombres que intenta, todo el tiempo, mantener su hombría; es la garantía para sostener legados, vinculados al género y a la manera de establecer un espacio de sociabilidad distinto y distintivo. Fuerza, vigor, coraje y valentía articulan el imaginario de un verdadero hombre en el campo del rugby en Argentina.
“Veillant Panoptic Assemblage”: Mutual Watching and Resistance to Mass Surveillance after Snowden
Authors: Bakir Vian
Published: October 2015

The Snowden leaks indicate the extent, nature, and means of contemporary mass digital surveillance of citizens by their intelligence agencies and the role of public oversight mechanisms in holding intelligence agencies to account. As such, they form a rich case study on the interactions of “veillance” (mutual watching) involving citizens, journalists, intelligence agencies and corporations. While Surveillance Studies, Intelligence Studies and Journalism Studies have little to say on surveillance of citizens’ data by intelligence agencies (and complicit surveillant corporations), they offer insights into the role of citizens and the press in holding power, and specifically the political-intelligence elite, to account. Attention to such public oversight mechanisms facilitates critical interrogation of issues of surveillant power, resistance and intelligence accountability. It directs attention to the veillant panoptic assemblage (an arrangement of profoundly unequal mutual watching, where citizens’ watching of self and others is, through corporate channels of data flow, fed back into state surveillance of citizens). Finally, it enables evaluation of post-Snowden steps taken towards achieving an equiveillant panoptic assemblage (where, alongside state and corporate surveillance of citizens, the intelligence-power elite, to ensure its accountability, faces robust scrutiny and action from wider civil society).
Attaching Hollywood to a Surveillant Assemblage: Normalizing Discourses of Video Surveillance
Authors: Lippert Randy K , Scalia Jolina
Published: October 2015

This article examines video surveillance images in Hollywood film. It moves beyond previous accounts of video surveillance in relation to film by theoretically situating the use of these surveillance images in a broader “surveillant assemblage”. To this end, scenes from a sample of thirty-five (35) films of several genres are examined to discern dominant discourses and how they lend themselves to normalization of video surveillance. Four discourses are discovered and elaborated by providing examples from Hollywood films. While the films provide video surveillance with a positive associative association it is not without nuance and limitations. Thus, it is found that some forms of resistance to video surveillance are shown while its deterrent effect is not. It is ultimately argued that Hollywood film is becoming attached to a video surveillant assemblage discursively through these normalizing discourses as well as structurally to the extent actual video surveillance technology to produce the images is used.
Influence of the new tiazoloindole derivative on organism resistance to hypoxia in the early and late periodsof preconditioning
Authors: Levchenkova Ol'ga Sergeevna , Novikov Vasiliy Egorovich , Marysheva Vera Vasil'yevna
Published: October 2015

The aim of this investigation was to study an ability of tiazoloindole derivative encoded VM-606 to influence the lifespan of mice in experimental acute hypoxia with hypercapnia and hypobaric hypoxia in early and late phase of preconditioning. It was found that the use of VM-606 in dose of 50 mg/kg leads to significant increase in the duration of animal life in case of subsequent acute hypoxia in early phase of preconditioning, but doesn’t produce effect in the late phase of preconditioning.
Influence of V2 vasopressin receptor agonist, 1-dezamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin, DAVP, on a sensitivity disorders in stroke patients
Authors: Belokoskova Svetlana Georgievna , Enaldieva Irina Anatol'yevna , Tsikunov Sergey Georgievich
Published: October 2015

Somatosensory disorders often developed after a stroke. It is known that they affect the outcome of the disease negatively. We analyzed the effects of vasopressin in correction of sensitivity disorders in stroke patients. Treatment received 15 patients with strokes from 41 to 67 years old in most cases with remote consequences of stroke. 13 patients had survived ischemic stroke, 2 patients - hemorrhagic stroke. V2 vasopressin receptor agonist, 1-dezamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin, DDAVP, were injected intranasal for 2 weeks. DDAVP was effective in 73 % of cases. The therapeutic effect of neuropeptide manifested in decreasing symptoms of pain disorders, temperature and tactile sensitivity. The total intensity of surface and deep sensitivity disorders decreased. Aggregate severity of all types of disorders of sensitivity was significantly decreased after treatment. Thus, DDAVP may be used as monotherapy in patients with strokes and with central sensitivity disorders.
Regional growth decline of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and its potential causes
Authors: Bishop Daniel A. , Beier Colin M. , Pederson Neil , Lawrence Gregory B. , Stella John C. , Sullivan Timothy J.
Published: October 2015

Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh) has experienced poor vigor, regeneration failure, and elevated mortality across much of its range, but there has been relatively little attention to its growth rates. Based on a well‐replicated dendrochronological network of range‐centered populations in the Adirondack Mountains (USA), which encompassed a wide gradient of soil fertility, we observed that the majority of sugar maple trees exhibited negative growth trends in the last several decades, regardless of age, diameter, or soil fertility. Such growth patterns were unexpected, given recent warming and increased moisture availability, as well as reduced acidic deposition, which should have favored growth. Mean basal area increment was greater on base‐rich soils, but these stands also experienced sharp reductions in growth. Growth sensitivity of sugar maple to temperature and precipitation was non‐stationary during the last century, with overall weaker relationships than expected. Given the favorable competitive status and age structure of the Adirondack sugar maple populations sampled, evidence of widespread growth reductions raises concern over this ecologically and economically important tree. Further study will be needed to establish whether growth declines of sugar maple are occurring more widely across its range.
Consistency Between Consumer Personality and Brand Personality Influences Brand Attachment
Authors: Yao Qing , Chen Rong , Xu Xiaobing
Published: October 2015

We investigated the impact of consistency between consumer personality and brand personality on emotional brand attachment. Participants were 200 undergraduate students at Tsinghua University and we used leading brands in the product category of mobile phone as the survey's stimuli.
The results of a structural equation model suggested that consistency in the personality dimensions of sincere, cool, and young had a significant positive impact on the participants' brand attachment compared with consistency in the dimensions of simple, sensitive,
reliable, and competent. The results provide strong support for the hypothesis that people feel emotionally attached to brands that match their personality or reflect who they believe they are. We also discuss important theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
South Korea's Destination Image: Comparing Perceptions of Film and Nonfilm Chinese Tourists
Authors: Zeng Shiheng , Chiu Weisheng , Lee Chul Won , Kang Hyun-Wook , Park Chanmin
Published: October 2015

We examined South Korea's destination image for Chinese tourists and compared the differences between visitors who had come to that destination because of exposure to movies or television dramas filmed at their destination (film tourists) and those who were nonfilm tourists. A survey
of 311 Chinese tourists, consisting of film tourists (n = 132) and nonfilm tourists (n = 179) revealed that South Korea is perceived as a safe, friendly, and clean tourism destination, and that Chinese tourists feel happy and relaxed during their trip. We also found that Chinese
tourists believe that Korea lacks food variety and historical attractions, and is not easy to get around. Moreover, we also found that there was a difference between film and nonfilm tourists in regard to cognitive image of the destination, in that film tourists had a more positive image than
did nonfilm tourists. However, there was no significant difference in affective destination image between film and nonfilm tourists. Our findings contribute to understanding of Chinese tourists' perceptions and behaviors in regard to South Korea as a tourism destination. In addition, the implications
for film and tourism destination marketers are discussed.
Symptoms of Psychological Problems Among Chinese Migrant Workers: The Role of Marital Status
Authors: Liao Chuanjing , Mao Huapei , Wu Hairong
Published: October 2015

We analyzed how social avoidance, social distress, and social support affect symptoms of psychological problems among Chinese migrant workers. Participants were 407 migrant workers, who completed the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS),
and the Symptom Distress Checklist (SCL-90). The results were as follows: (a) overall, the symptoms of psychological problems among the migrant workers were serious, despite distinct differences according to gender and marital status; (b) the scores for the SCL-90 and SADS had a significant
negative relationship with the rating on the SSRS, and the coefficient between scores on the SCL-90 and those on the SADS was at a moderate level despite distinct differences according to marital status; and (c) social distress of the unmarried and social avoidance and social distress of the
married directly predicted their symptoms of psychological problems, whereas objective support and the utilization of support had more impact on married workers than on unmarried workers.
How Do Implicit Materialism and Postmaterialism Affect Proenvironmental Behavior?
Authors: Zhou Kexin , Ye Lijuan , Geng Liuna , Xu Qiaoxin
Published: October 2015

In this study, we explored implicit materialistic and postmaterialistic values, focusing on the relationship between these values and environmental behaviors. Participants were 60 Chinese students, who completed via self-report the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the Environmental
Behaviors Questionnaire, along with a situation simulation experiment to measure their actual environmental behavior. Our results provide the first evidence for an application of the IAT in research focused on materialism and postmaterialism. We found that implicit postmaterialism significantly
predicted proenvironmental behavioral intention in a Chinese context, and implicit materialism was a strong predictor of actual proenvironmental behaviors (i.e., avoidance of paper waste). These results indicate that, for Chinese people, materialism is an important motivation for their actual
proenvironmental behaviors.
The Severity of Negative Events in Enterprises Affects Consumers' Brand Attitude
Authors: Li Yalin
Published: October 2015

With an increasing occurrence of negative events in enterprises, I explored how the severity level of negative events affects consumers' brand attitude through the mediating variable of consumers' perceived sense of betrayal and the moderating variable of brand attachment. I used an
experimental method to collect data and performed independent samples t tests, two-way analyses of variance, and linear regressions to analyze surveys completed by 472 respondents. The results showed that the level of severity of a negative event had a significant influence on consumers'
brand attitude through the mediating variable of their perceived sense of betrayal. The more serious the negative event, the greater was the perceived sense of betrayal of the consumers and the more negative was their brand attitude. I further found that the level of consumers' brand attachment
had a moderating effect, in that, the greater the severity of a negative event, the stronger was the perception of betrayal by consumers with high brand attachment.
Relationships Among Future Time Perspective, Career and Organizational Commitment, Occupational Self-efficacy, and Turnover Intention
Authors: Park In-Jo , Jung Heajung
Published: October 2015

We examined how future time perspective (FTP) is related to the career-related variables of occupational self-efficacy, career commitment, and organizational commitment, and how it indirectly influences turnover intention. Full-time employees (N = 555) in a wide range of industries
participated in this research. We used structural equation modeling and the biased-corrected bootstrapping method of testing for mediation to analyze the data. Results showed that FTP had a direct effect on occupational self-efficacy and career commitment and an indirect effect on turnover
intention through the mediators of occupational self-efficacy and career commitment. Occupational self-efficacy indirectly influenced turnover intention through the mediators of career commitment and organizational commitment. Implications of FTP in the field of human resources are discussed.
Influence of Entrepreneurial Experience, Alertness, and Prior Knowledge on Opportunity Recognition
Authors: Li Yu , Wang Pei , Liang Ya-Jun
Published: October 2015

The influence of Chinese university students' entrepreneurial experience, alertness, and prior knowledge on opportunity recognition was examined using the novice–experienced entrepreneurs contrast paradigm. After viewing a self-made opportunity situation, 94 entrepreneurial university
students and 114 nonentrepreneurial university students were instructed to complete via email or paper and pencil tests measures of opportunity recognition, entrepreneurial alertness, and prior knowledge. The results showed that entrepreneurial alertness significantly and directly predicted
opportunity recognition, whereas prior knowledge significantly and indirectly affected opportunity recognition through its impact on entrepreneurial alertness. The entrepreneurial alertness of nonentrepreneurial university students significantly influenced their opportunity recognition; in
contrast, the prior knowledge of entrepreneurial university students greatly influenced their opportunity recognition. Practical implications for entrepreneurial training and future directions for research on opportunity recognition are discussed.
Precision, reproducibility, and accuracy of bone crest level measurements of CBCT cross sections using different resolutions
Authors: Menezes Carolina Carmo , Janson Guilherme , da Silveira Massaro Camila , Cambiaghi Lucas , Garib Daniela Gamba
Published: October 2015

Objective: 

To evaluate the precision, reproducibility, and accuracy of alveolar crest level measurements on CBCT images obtained with different voxel sizes.

Materials and Methods: 

CBCT exams were made of 12 dried human mandibles with voxel dimensions of 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm. Bone crest level was measured directly on the mandibles with a digital caliper and on CBCT images. Images were measured twice by two examiners. Intra- and interexaminer precision and reproducibility were assessed using paired and t-tests, respectively. Accuracy was evaluated using t-tests.

Results: 

Precision and reproducibility of bone crest level tomographic measurements was good for all voxel sizes evaluated. The images with 0.2-mm voxel size showed a decreased number of intraexaminer errors. A high accuracy for measurements of bone crest level was observed for all CBCT definitions, except for the mandibular incisors using the 0.4-mm voxel size.

Conclusions: 

Precision and reproducibility of alveolar bone level measurements were good for various voxel sizes. CBCT images demonstrated good accuracy for 0.2-mm and 0.3-mm voxel sizes. The mandibular incisor region needs better resolution than that provided by 0.4-mm voxel size for bone crest level measurements.
Efficacy and Safety of Canagliflozin, a Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor, as Add-on to Insulin in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Henry Robert R. , Thakkar Payal , Tong Cindy , Polidori David , Alba Maria
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, as add-on to insulin in adults with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This 18-week, double-blind, phase 2 study randomized 351 patients (HbA1c 7.0–9.0% [53–75 mmol/mol]) on multiple daily insulin injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion to canagliflozin 100 or 300 mg or placebo. The primary end point was the proportion of patients achieving at week 18 both HbA1c reduction from baseline of ≥0.4% (≥4.4 mmol/mol) and no increase in body weight. Other end points included changes in HbA1c, body weight, and insulin dose, as well as hypoglycemia incidence. Safety was assessed by adverse event (AE) reports.

RESULTS

More patients had both HbA1c reduction ≥0.4% and no increase in body weight with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo at week 18 (36.9%, 41.4%, 14.5%, respectively; P < 0.001). Both canagliflozin doses provided reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and insulin dose versus placebo over 18 weeks. The incidence of hypoglycemia was similar across groups; severe hypoglycemia rates were low (1.7–6.8%). Overall incidence of AEs was 55.6%, 67.5%, and 54.7% with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg and placebo; discontinuation rates were low (0.9–1.3%). Increased incidence of ketone-related AEs (5.1%, 9.4%, 0%), including the specific AE of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (4.3%, 6.0%, 0%), was seen with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo.

CONCLUSIONS

Canagliflozin provided reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and insulin dose with no increase in hypoglycemia, but increased rates of ketone-related AEs, including DKA, in adults with type 1 diabetes inadequately controlled with insulin.