bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preservation of Cranial Nerves Function in Glomus Jugulare Surgery: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Kadri Paulo A. S. , Ibn Essayed Walid , Al-Mefty Ossama
Published: December 2021

Owing to their invasive character, extreme vascularity, and critical location, glomus jugulare tumors present a formidable challenge. Techniques have been developed for safe and successful removal of even giant glomus paragangliomas.
1–3
Preoperative evaluation including genetic, hormonal, and multiplicity workup
4
has enhanced the safety of surgical management, as did modern preoperative embolization by eliminating excessive blood loss.
5

Despite these advancements, surgical outcomes of glomus jugulare remain haunted by cranial nerve dysfunction such as facial nerve palsies and hearing loss, with lower cranial nerves dysfunction being the most morbid. These can be avoided by technical maneuvers to preserve the cranial nerves. The external ear canal is not closed to maintain conductive hearing. The facial nerve is not transpositioned and kept inside a bony protective canal. Cranial nerves IX, X, and XI are the most vulnerable because they pass through the jugular foramen ventral to the venous bulb wall. They are preserved by intrabulbar dissection that maintains a protective segment of the venous wall over the nerves. By mastering the anatomy of the upper neck, meticulous dissection is performed to preserve the course of IX, X, XI, and XII.
6,7
Ligation of the jugular vein is delayed until the tumor is totally isolated to avoid diffuse bleeding.
7

We present the case of a 60-yr-old woman with a glomus jugulare tumor with intradural, extradural, and cervical extension. The technical nuances of cranial nerves preservation are demonstrated. The patient consented to the procedure and publication of her images.

Images at 2:12, 2:50, and 3:09 from Al-Mefty and Teixeira,
6
with permission from JNSPG.
Enhanced resistance to Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition in the long-lived red-footed tortoise Chelonoidis carbonaria
Authors: Sartori Marina R. , Navarro Claudia D. C. , Castilho Roger F. , Vercesi Anibal E.
Published: December 2021

The interaction between supraphysiological cytosolic Ca2+ levels and mitochondrial redox imbalance mediates the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). The MPT is involved in cell death, diseases and aging. This study compared the liver mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity and oxygen consumption in the long-lived red-footed tortoise (Chelonoidis carbonaria) with those in the rat as a reference standard. Mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity, a quantitative measure of MPT sensitivity, was remarkably higher in tortoises than in rats. This difference was minimized in the presence of the MPT inhibitors ADP and cyclosporine A. However, the Ca2+ retention capacities of tortoise and rat liver mitochondria were similar when both MPT inhibitors were present simultaneously. NADH-linked phosphorylating respiration rates of tortoise liver mitochondria represented only 30% of the maximal electron transport system capacity, indicating a limitation imposed by the phosphorylation system. These results suggested underlying differences in putative MPT structural components [e.g. ATP synthase, adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) and cyclophilin D] between tortoises and rats. Indeed, in tortoise mitochondria, titrations of inhibitors of the oxidative phosphorylation components revealed a higher limitation of ANT. Furthermore, cyclophilin D activity was approximately 70% lower in tortoises than in rats. Investigation of critical properties of mitochondrial redox control that affect MPT demonstrated that tortoise and rat liver mitochondria exhibited similar rates of H2O2 release and glutathione redox status. Overall, our findings suggest that constraints imposed by ANT and cyclophilin D, putative components or regulators of the MPT pore, are associated with the enhanced resistance to Ca2+-induced MPT in tortoises.
The distribution in joint recesses and adjacent synovial compartments of loose bodies determined on MR and CT arthrographies of ankle joint
Authors: Ogul Hayri , Cankaya Bahar , Kantarci Mecit
Published: December 2021

Loose bodies (LBs) are intraarticular free bodies that result from various pathological processes and cause synovial inflammation. Timely and complete identification of LBs is important for appropriate treatment and prevention of possible complications such as osteoarthritis. LBs in the ankle joint can reach all the compartments that are adjacent to the joint via physiological or pathological connections. The presence, localisation, and number of LBs in the ankle joint and adjacent synovial compartments can be optimally evaluated using high-resolution magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and computed tomography arthrography (CTA). On this review article, we aimed to determine the LB location and distribution using high-resolution MRA and CTA of the ankle joint, and to demonstrate that it may be used as a complementary examination to guide interventional arthroscopy in difficult-to-reach areas during treatment.

Advances in knowledge

Loose bodies (LBs) are intraarticular free bodies and may cause synovial inflammation.

Accurate and complete determination of the number and location of LBs before surgery are very important for effective treatment.

The location, number and distribution of LBs in the ankle joint may be determined successfully by high-resolution magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and computed tomography arthrography (CTA).

For this purpose, MRA and CTA may increase the diagnostic and therapeutic success of the arthroscopy.
Aphasia after acute ischemic stroke: epidemiology and impact on tertiary care resources
Authors: STAN Adina , STRILCIUC Stefan , GHERGHEL Nicoleta , COZMA Angela , CRISTIAN Alexander , ILUT Silvina , BLESNEAG Alina , VACARAS Vitalie , STANCA Delia , STAN Horatiu , MURESANU Dafin
Published: December 2021

Introduction. This study aimed to reveal the disease burden of aphasia after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at the national level and investigate the impact of aphasia on tertiary care resources and patient outcomes. We aimed to investigate the length of stay (LOS) and discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score in aphasic, acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients in order to estimate aphasia-related disease burden at a national level. Material and method. The local database from the Cluj-Napoca Emergency County Hospital (CNECH), the second largest stroke center in Romania was used to export demographics, baseline clinical and laboratory data, inpatient length of stay (LOS), NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score data for all AIS patients admitted during March 2019. Results and discussions. Of 92 patients included in the study, 30 (32.6 %) had aphasia on admission. In a marginally significant unadjusted hierarchical multiple regression model, individuals with aphasia had a LOS of 1.86 days longer than stroke survivors without aphasia. In an adjusted version of the model, the NIHSS score at baseline was a significant predictor for LOS. In addition, the presence of aphasia was associated with a 1.49 increase in the mean mRS score. Aphasia was a marginally significant predictor for increased LOS. Presence of aphasia was more likely to produce a poor functional outcome. Conclusions. Considering an estimated impact of approximately EUR 3 million on direct medical expenditure annually, future policymaking efforts should improve prevention of stroke and improved access to post-stroke aphasia care in Romania. Keywords: aphasia; acute ischemic stroke; length of stay; disability, outcome,
Μελέτη της θεραπευτικής δράσης της τοσιλιζουμάμπης σε πειραματικό μοντέλο αρθρίτιδας νεαρών επίμυων και η δράση αυτής στην οστική πυκνότητα και τις τενόντιες δομές
Authors: Πουτογλίδου Φρειδερίκη
Published: December 2021

Η Νεανικη Ιδιοπαθής Αρθρίτιδα (ΝΙΑ) είναι μία ετερογενής ομάδα διαταραχών που χαρακτηρίζεται από μείωση της οστικής πυκνότητας και διαταραχές των τενόντων, όπως ενθεσίτιδα, τενοντοελυτρίτιδα και ρήξεις τενόντων. Ο σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης της τοσιλιζουμάμπης, ενός μονοκλωνικού αντισώματος που δεσμεύει τον υποδοχέα της Ιντερλευκίνης-6 (IL-6) στην οστική απώλεια και στην μορφολογία των τενόντων σε πειραματικό μοντέλο αρθρίτιδας σε νεαρούς επίμυες. Στην παρούσα μελέτη χρησιμοποιήθηκαν 155 αρσενικοί επίμυες, τύπου Wistar, ηλικίας 6-8 εβδομάδων. Στους 120 εξ αυτών έγινε πρόκληση Κολλαγονο-Επαγόμενης Αρθρίτιδας (CIA). Τα πειραματόζωα έλαβαν για χρονικό διάστημα 8 εβδομάδων τοσιλιζουμάμπη ενδοπεριτοναϊκά. Επίσης, υπήρχαν ομάδες πειραματοζώων που έλαβαν μεθοτρεξάτη, το πιο ευρέως χρησιμοποιούμενο Τροποποιητικό της νόσου αντιρευματικό φάρμακο και ινφλιξιμάμπη, ένα μονοκλωνικό αντίσωμα έναντι του Παράγοντα Νέκρωσης των Όγκων-α (TNF-a). Η οστική πυκνότητα αξιολογήθηκε με αξονική τομογραφία (Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT)) και ιστολογικά. Παράλληλα, έγινε ιστολογική εξέταση των τενόντιων δομών και μέτρηση δύο κυτταροκινών, του TNF-a και της Ιντερλευκίνης-23 (IL-23) με ELISA. Η τοσιλιζουμάμπη δεν είχε καμία επίδραση στην οστική πυκνότητα και την μορφολογία των τενόντων στα υγιή πειραματόζωα. Στα αρθριτικά πειραματόζωα προκάλεσε στατιστικά σημαντικές διαφορές στη μικροαρχιτεκτονική του οστού τόσο στην Micro-CT όσο και στην ιστολογική εξέταση. Η μορφολογία των τενόντων, επίσης, βελτιώθηκε. Τέλος, η χορήγηση τοσιλιζουμάμπης οδήγησε σε στατιστικά σημαντική μείωση στην έκφραση του TNF-a και της IL-23 στους τενόντιους ιστούς. Παρόμοια αποτελέσματα παρουσίασε και η ινφλιξιμάμπη, σε μικρότερο, όμως, βαθμό. Τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας μελέτης αποδεικνύουν πως η τοσιλιζουμάμπη μειώνει την οστική απώλεια και φλεγμονή των τενόντων σε μοντέλο CIA νεαρών επίμυων. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτά θα μπορούσαν να είναι χρήσιμα στη θεραπευτική αντιμετώπιση της ΝΙΑ.
A Review of Blockchain-enabled Fog Computing in the Cloud Continuum Context
Authors: Spataru Adrian
Published: December 2021

This article surveys the literature in search of systems and components that use Blockchain or Smart Contracts to manage computational resources, store data, and execute services using the Cloud paradigm. This paradigm has extended from warehouse-scale data centres to the edge of the network and in between, giving rise to the domains of Edge and Fog Computing. The Cloud Continuum encompasses the three fields and focuses on the management of applications composed of connected services that span from one end to the other of the computational spectrum. Several components that are commanded by Smart Contracts are identified and compared concerning their functionality. Two important research directions are the experimental evaluation of the identified platforms and the identification of standards that can accelerate the adoption of Blockchain-based Fog platforms.
Kształtowanie pamięci i polityki historycznej na przykładzie przestrzeni miejskiej Budapesztu
Authors: Kopyś Tadeusz
Published: December 2021

Shaping of the Memory and Historical Policy in Hungary. The Case of Urban Space of Budapest
Naming or changing street names (the same applies to monuments) means that certain political groups or communities can control the city. Activities in the urban space have great potential as they can lead to both community empowerment and fragmentation. Since 1989, the canon, or historical epochs to which the changing political elites at the helm of power tried to refer to by building a new urban space, also changed. The actions of Hungarian governments in the area of collective memory formation after 1989 can be described as incoherent. They leave their mark on the shape of the city, sometimes arousing consternation and sometimes the suspicion that certain decisions have a political overtone.
Remote Academic Advising Using Synchronous Technology: Knowledge, Experiences, and Perceptions from Students
Authors: Wang Charles Xiaoxue , Houdyshell Michael
Published: December 2021

When COVID-19 struck, higher education experienced major disruptions. Important functions like academic advising were no exception, and the traditional face-to-face model shifted online with remote academic advising (RAA), which uses synchronous communication technologies (e.g., Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meets). In this quantitative research study, 569 students completed an online survey that produced 539 sets of valid data for analysis. Findings showed no significant differences in students' knowledge or experiences with RAA according to their demographic independent variables such as gender, age, ethnicity, major, and RAA experiences. However, significant differences in student opinions on RAA were found among different age and gender groups. The paper identifies barriers to implementing RAA with suggestions to overcome these barriers when utilizing RAA.
Should Students with AP Credit Repeat Coursework in College? A Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Hurt Sheila F. , Maeda Yukiko
Published: December 2021

Research on the Advanced Placement (AP) program generally shows that students scoring 4s and 5s on AP exams outperform their non-AP peers in subsequent college courses. However, faculty and academic advisors often suggest that students with AP credit should repeat prerequisite courses in college before attempting advanced coursework. We compared grades of 20,409 students in 42 subsequent courses across three groups: students who used AP credit as a prerequisite, students who earned AP credit but repeated the prerequisite courses in college, and students without AP credit. Results with two-level cross-sectional multilevel modeling showed that AP students performed similarly in subsequent courses whether they chose to repeat prerequisites or not; both groups outperformed non-AP students with similar academic backgrounds.
Crises no Humanitarismo Multidimensional: As Respostas Reformistas do Pilar de Paz e Segurança da ONU l Crisis on Multidimensional Humanitarianism: The Reformist Responses From The UN Peace and Security Pillar
Authors: Rizzotti Lima Letícia
Published: December 2021

O humanitarismo multidimensional da ONU é constantemente atingido por crises institucionais, marcadas por fraturas de legitimidade e limites orçamentários. Este artigo explora as questões-chave desses momentos a partir das reformas administrativas levadas a cabo em resposta às essas tensões. As reestruturações do pilar de paz e segurança são um mecanismo fundamental de articulação do Secretariado para contornar entraves políticos do CSNU e estabeleceram um padrão significativo de envernizamento tecnocrático das atividades encampadas nas operações de paz. Assim, conclui-se que esse padrão foi reciclado ao longo das últimas três décadas, sedimentando o largo rol multidimensional. Atualmente, esse modelo é contestado justamente por sua extensão e tendo como principal tendência emergente o eixo de estabilização. Palavras-chave: Humanitarismo Multidimensional; ONU; Reformas Administrativas.ABSTRACTUN’s multidimensional humanitarianism constantly subject of institutional crises, characterized by legitimacy fractures and budget limits. This paper explores the key-issues of these events shedding light to the administrative reforms carried out in response to these tensions. The restructuring of the peace and security pillar is a crucial articulation mechanism of the Secretariat to overcome the UNSC's political blockages and it has established a significant pattern of technocratic varnishing on the activities undertaken in peace operations. Thus, we concluded that this pattern has been recycled over the last three decades, consolidating the wide multidimensional scope. Currently, this model is contested precisely because of its extension and its main emerging trend is the stabilization axis.Keywords: Multidimensional Humanitarianism; UN; Administrative Reforms. Recebido em: 02/04/2021 | Aceito em: 24/08/2021.
A Atuação do Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento dos BRICS no Enfrentamento da Pandemia de Covid-19 l The BRICS New Development Bank's Role in Overcoming The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: De Sá Rafaela Mello Rodrigues
Published: December 2021

Desde o final de 2019, o mundo vem lidando com desafios gerados pela pandemia da Covid-19. Os países que compõem o BRICS têm enfrentado grandes dificuldades, pois todos possuem características que facilitam o contágio do vírus, como por exemplo uma numerosa população. A China foi a primeira a enfrentar a crise, e agora os outros países do BRICS se encontram em posições elevadas no ranking mundial com mais casos de Covid-19. Dessa maneira, o presente artigo visa analisar de que forma o Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento (NBD) vem atuando durante o período de crise econômica gerada pela pandemia, examinando os pacotes de assistência direcionados aos países do BRICS. A partir da análise de documentos oficiais e projetos aprovados pelo banco, é possível constatar que a atuação do NBD é relevante para seus países-membros, os quais já obtiveram US$9 bilhões aprovados pela instituição direcionados ao enfrentamento da pandemia.Palavras-chave: Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento; Covid-19; BRICS.ABSTRACTSince the end of 2019, the world has been dealing with challenges generated by the Covid-19 pandemic. The countries that make up the BRICS have faced great difficulties, mainly because all of them have characteristics that facilitate contagion, such as a large population. China was the first to face the crisis, and now the other BRICS countries are in high positions in the world ranking with more cases of Covid-19. Thus, the present article aims to analyze how the New Development Bank (NDB) has been acting during the period of economic crisis generated by the pandemic, examining the assistance packages targeted at the BRICS countries. From the analysis of official documents and projects approved by the bank, it can be seen that the performance of NDB is relevant for its member countries, which have already obtained US$ 9 billion approved by the institution.Keywords: New Development Bank; COVID-19; BRICS. Recebido em: 03/04/2021 | Aceito em: 14/09/2021.
Desconsideração da personalidade jurídica e arbitragem: uma análise acerca da extensão da cláusula compromissória a partes não signatárias
Authors: De Carvalho João Victor Carloni
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo visa analisar a aplicabilidade da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica na arbitragem, a paritr das teorias existentes a respeito da extensão da cláusula compromissória a partes não signatárias. Ao contrário do pregado por parte da doutrina e pelo STJ, acredita-se não ser possível a utilização das teorias do implied consent e group of companies, para fins de se justificar a possibilidade de desconstituir o princípio da separação patrimonial em procedimento arbitral.
(DES)SEMELHANÇAS ENTRE A FIGURA DO PRECEDENTE NA TRADIÇÃO JURÍDICA DO COMMON LAW E NO DIREITO BRASILEIRO.
Authors: Pedron Flávio Quinaud , Santos Lucas Borges , OMMATI JOSÉ EMÍLIO MEDAUAR
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo central o estabelecimento de uma distinção histórico-conceitual entre a figura do precedente na tradição jurídica do common law, ambiente no qual houve sua concepção, e no direito brasileiro, tendo este sofrido influência da tradição jurídica do civil law. A análise do instituto no contexto do common law perpassa pela sua contextualização histórica, precipuamente através das teorias desenvolvidas por Frederick Schauer, Cass Sunstein e Ronald Dworkin. Já no Direito brasileiro, busca-se compreender o regramento normativo do standard ao longo do tempo, sobretudo na seara do direito processual civil. Para tanto, desenvolve-se a pesquisa a partir de uma metodologia jurídico-teórica, utilizando-se de análises bibliográficas para a construção teórica do tema, com o escopo de se constatar, de modo substancial, as especificidades do desenvolvimento normativo conferido ao instituto do precedente nas respectivas tradições jurídicas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Estado Democrático; Processo Constitucional; Precedentes; Direitos Fundamentais.
COLABORAÇÃO: DO DISCURSO À REALIDADE
Authors: Staut Maria Gabriela
Published: December 2021

O Código de Processo Civil de 2015 trouxe inegável inovação no âmbito normativo, teórico e científico. O objetivo do presente trabalho é traçar um esboço teórico sobre a colaboração processual e analisar se o Superior Tribunal de Justiça tem contemplado o novo instituto da forma como a doutrina assim o prescreve. As pesquisas foram realizadas através do Portal oficial do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ).
Elementos para a compreensão da teoria dos precedentes em tempos pandemia: distinguishing e prospecção
Authors: Pugliese William Soares
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo procura responder como as relações jurídicas afetadas pela pandemia da COVID-19 se vinculam aos precedentes disponíveis no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Para tanto, parte-se de uma investigação da compreensão teórica do problema, no sentido de que a pandemia transforma casos fáceis em difíceis. Em seguida, o artigo demonstra que a diferença entre os casos comuns e os pandêmicos é fática, de modo que a técnica a ser empregada para a não aplicação de precedentes é a do distinguishing. Ao final, propõe-se que os tribunais fundamentem cuidadosamente suas decisões para evitar o uso indevido desses precedentes.
AS CONDIÇÕES DA AÇÃO NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL
Authors: Vaz Paulo Afonso Brum , Grock Gabriela
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O presente paper analisa a situação das condições da ação no Código de Processo Civil de 2015, no tocante à sua manutenção e ao momento de sua verificação, em razão das repercussões de ordem teórico-prática que surgem, sobretudo, na formação ou não da coisa julgada material. Objetiva-se, a partir de breve retrospectiva da evolução das teorias da ação, do texto do novo CPC e da doutrina abalizada, desvelar os efeitos da declaração de carência de ação em diferentes momentos processuais, focando especialmente numa consequência indesejada que pode ser a impossibilidade de repropositura da ação diante da sentença terminativa, com reflexos na Ação Rescisória. A partir de uma análise sistêmica, conclui-se que as condições da ação permanecem, ainda que veladamente, no novo diploma processual, e que, independentemente do momento da declaração de carência de ação por ausência de condições da ação, a sentença será terminativa e não fará coisa julgada material, sob pena de violação de direitos e garantias dos litigantes, notadamente do due process of law em seu viés procedural.
OS EFEITOS DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 NO TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DO CEARÁ: REPERCUSSÕES SOBRE A TEMPESTIVIDADE PROCESSUAL NAS CÂMARAS CRIMINAIS
Authors: Ibiapina Cunha Morais José Victor , Andrade Mariana Dionísio de
Published: December 2021

O estudo procura responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: o Tribunal de Justiça do Ceará tem realizado medidas adequadas para garantir a produtividade e a prestação jurisdicional efetiva das Câmaras Criminais em tempos da Pandemia do Covid-19? A pesquisa possui abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e bibliográfica; além de suporte quantitativo com dados secundários, correspondentes à produtividades das Câmaras Criminais. Conclui-se que as medidas foram eficazes porque além da manutenção da produtividade, as Câmaras Criminais aumentaram o quantitativo de julgamentos durante a pandemia, comparativamente ao mesmo período do ano anterior.
DA RESOLUÇÃO ALTERNATIVA DE CONFLITOS À SOLUÇÃO DE DISPUTAS ONLINE: CAMINHOS PARA O FUTURO DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Spengler Fabiana Marion , Etges Filipe Madsen
Published: December 2021

Taxas de congestionamento judicial demonstram a responsabilidade da administração pública pelo maior número de processos no país. A pesquisa procura saídas para esta conjuntura na aplicação de métodos alternativos de resolução de conflitos. O problema de pesquisa questionou se as alterações legislativas que consolidaram métodos não adversariais de solução de conflitos com à Administração Pública podem superar resistências do sistema de valores publicista. Para tanto, pesquisou-se modificações legais ocorridas nos últimos cinco anos e foram inventariados princípios aplicáveis a esta relação de consensualidade e seus efeitos de otimização ou contenção. Pelo método de revisão bibliográfica percebeu-se: a) o afluxo de normativas permite afirmar a superação de impedimentos relativos ao princípio da legalidade; b) são passíveis de aplicação das alternative dispute resolutions àqueles bens e interesses públicos patrimoniais disponíveis, aos interesses públicos secundários, aos atos de gestão e aos contratos privados. Aos demais, necessária análise do caso concreto, orientado na celeridade útil, probidade, eficiência e eficácia, razoabilidade e proporcionalidade e c) a utilização unívoca dos métodos analógicos não será capaz de solucionar o passivo judicial relacionado à administração pública, fazendo-se necessário o uso das online dispute resolutions e da inteligência artificial.
OS IMPACTOS DA FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DE ADMISSIBILIDADE RECURSAL NA FUNCIONALIDADE SISTÊMICA DO AGRAVO INTERNO E DO AGRAVO EM RECURSO ESPECIAL E EM RECURSO EXTRAORDINÁRIO
Authors: Presgrave Ana Beatriz Ferreira Rebello , Alencar João Victor Gomes Bezerra
Published: December 2021

O Código de Processo Civil sofreu modificações substanciais com a Lei nº 13.256/2016, responsável por alterar, principalmente, a admissibilidade dos recursos excepcionais. Nesse sentido, alguns aspectos inerentes ao sistema recursal foram afetados, dentre eles o juízo de admissibilidade. Assim, mediante aplicação de uma metodologia hipotético-dedutiva, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a funcionalidade sistêmica e prática dos agravos dos artigos 1.021 e 1.042. Busca, dessa forma, investigar se a concentração do juízo de admissibilidade na segunda instância pode impactar na confusão dos recursos disponíveis, bem como se o acesso aos tribunais superiores será afetado.
A (IR) RACIONALIDADE NA JUSTIFICAÇÃO DAS DECISÕES JUDICIAIS COMO FATOR DETERMINANTE PARA A IDENTIFICAÇÃO DO PRECEDENTE VINCULANTE
Authors: Da Cruz Tatiana Paula
Published: December 2021

O trabalho busca analisar a relevância da identificação da ratio decidendi na aplicação do precedente judicial, apresentando a dificuldade no exercício desta tarefa, diante da carência de racionalidade argumentativa das decisões proferidas por Tribunais Superiores. O raciocínio será demonstrado a partir da aplicação do modelo de análise argumentativa proposto por Stephen Toulmin ao julgamento recente proferido pelo STF no bojo do Recurso Extraordinário nº 1.116.949/PR.
O SISTEMA DE PRECEDENTES NO DIREITO PÁTRIO: UMA ANÁLISE À LUZ DO GARANTISMO PENAL
Authors: DE MATOS AQUINO MARIANE , BRAGA NORTE PEREIRA JANAINA
Published: December 2021

O trabalho trata dos precedentes judiciais e da sua aplicação no âmbito criminal à luz do garantismo penal. Parte-se da contextualização dos precedentes, da análise da possibilidade de aplicação das normas processuais civis ao processo penal e dos principais desdobramentos do garantismo penal. Assim, objetiva-se verificar se o sistema de precedentes não será utilizado apenas para resolver um problema quantitativo do Judiciário, em detrimento do direito do réu de ter as especificidades do seu caso consideradas pelo julgador. Para tanto, o trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de uma pesquisa básica, qualitativa e exploratória, com base em análise doutrinária e legislativa.
A IMPENHORABILIDADE DO BEM DE FAMÍLIA À LUZ DO PRINCÍPIO DA EFETIVIDADE DA TUTELA EXECUTIVA: ANÁLISE DO POSICIONAMENTO DO SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA
Authors: Da Costa Rosalina Moitta Pinto , Azevedo Júnior Manuel Albino Riibeiro
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho analisa a interpretação do STJ acerca da impenhorabilidade do bem de família. Reconhecendo a efetividade da tutela executiva como um direito fundamental decorrente da inafastabilidade da jurisdição, o STJ tem adotado outros critérios além da previsão legislativa das exceções à impenhorabilidade do bem de família, buscando uma ponderação dos direitos fundamentais do devedor, como a dignidade da pessoa humana, a moradia e o direito ao mínimo existencial, e de outros direitos que visam prestigiar o credor. Conclui-se que o reconhecimento do direito fundamental à efetividade da execução tem sido um critério de flexibilização da norma da impenhorabilidade.
O “ESTADO DA ARTE” DA RECLAMAÇÃO NO STF E NO STJ: O GATO DE SCHRÖDINGER ESTÁ VIVO-MORTO?
Authors: Rossi Júlio César , Reis Mundim Luis Gustavo
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo objetiva analisar o estado da arte da Reclamação Constitucional no Supremo Tribunal Federal e no Superior Tribunal de Justiça, eis que cada tribunal possui um entendimento acerca do cabimento de tal instituto. Nesse sentido, verificou-se que a perspectiva do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, por não entender pelo cabimento da Reclamação para rediscussão de provimentos vinculantes, acaba por cristalizar o direito e implementar uma falsa segurança jurídica, além de impedir a fiscalidade de suas decisões. O procedimento metodológico utilizado foi o jurídico-teórico, já que se analisou criticamente os entendimentos de tais tribunais a partir de uma perspectiva da processualidade democrática. Foi possível demonstrar que, o estado da arte da Reclamação Constitucional no Brasil, encontra-se como o gato de Schrödinger: vivo-morto.
JUSTIÇA DIGITAL E O FUTURO DA COMPETÊNCIA TERRITORIAL
Authors: Salomão Arthur Künzel , Rodrigues Marco Antonio Dos Santos
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal relacionar a implementação do juízo digital com a competência territorial. Considerando os efeitos que a tecnologia ocasionou nos hábitos hodiernos, bem como a compreensão que o estudo do direito se compreende dentro de uma ciência social, é fato que o avanço tecnológico proporcionou alterações no meio jurídico. Assim, é inegável que atualmente o uso de aplicações de tecnologia apresentam uma perspectiva muito promissora para a prática jurídica, sendo capaz de oferecer aos operadores do direito possibilidades anteriormente inimagináveis. Com efeito, a estruturação de um juízo digital muito contribuiria para prestação jurisdicional
AUTONOMÍA DE LA VOLUNTAD Y LAS PERSPECTIVAS ACTUALES DEL ARBITRAJE EN BRASIL
Authors: Gehlen Bernardo Baccon , Spengler Fabiana Marion , Spengler Neto Theobaldo
Published: December 2021

El tema central de este texto es el análisis del principio de la autonomía de la voluntad contractual como factor decisivo para el funcionamiento y seguridad jurídica del instituto del arbitraje en Brasil. A través del método deductivo, fueron examinadas las recientes leyes y jurisprudencias de los tribunales brasileños que salvaguardan (o no) lo acordado en detrimento del interés colectivo y derechos indisponibles. Se concluye que - excepto en las relaciones de consumo - las cláusulas compromisorias tienen fuerza vinculante, mismo cuando enfrentan cuestiones de orden público o de comprobada vulnerabilidad de una de las partes contratantes
OS MEIOS DE DEFESA NA EXECUÇÃO
Authors: Greco Leonardo
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo trabalha aspectos relevantes acerca da execução, mormente no intuito de sugerir uma linha interpretativa para a compreensão das disposições relativas às defesas do executado. Inicialmente, há que se destacar a existência de uma inequívoca complementariedade entre as regras que versam sobre o processo de execução autônoma e o cumprimento de sentença. Dito isso, alguns aspectos relevantes hão de ser analisados: (i) as defesas da execução não são capazes de satisfazer a exigência da plenitude de defesa que constitucionalmente se assegura às partes, evidenciando a necessidade de se permitir novas defesas por petições avulsas, tanto no que diz respeito a questões processuais quanto no que tange ao direito material; (ii) é relevante a realização de distinção entre questões de direito material e processual, sendo certo que o mérito da execução é sempre o crédito (e não o título); (iii) a sumariedade do procedimento executivo não permite que questões de direito material ou processual debatidas adquiram imutabilidade, salvo nos casos em que houver cognição exaustiva em sede de embargos ou impugnação; (iv) decisões sobre questões processuais que envolvam nulidade absolutas não precluem, podendo ser reapreciadas a qualquer tempo no procedimento executório
LIMITE TERRITORIAL E COISA JULGADA NA AÇÃO CIVIL PÚBLICA: COMENTÁRIOS AO ARTIGO 16 DA LEI 7.347/1985 À LUZ DO JULGAMENTO DO RECURSO EXTRAORDINÁRIO 1.101.937/SP
Authors: Fux Rodrigo , Santos Pedro Felipe De Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo trata do recentemente julgamento, pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, do Recurso Extraordinário 1.101.937/SP, em que se decidiu a respeito da (in)constitucionalidade do artigo 16 da Lei 7.347/1985, o qual previa limitação territorial dos efeitos de sentença proferida em Ação Civil Pública. Para isso, será analisado o posicionamento histórico da doutrina e da jurisprudência sobre tema, bem como institutos fundamentais do Direito Processual Civil.
Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in liver disease: a narrative literature review
Authors: Hadall Alex
Published: December 2021

Background:

Patients with liver disease have traditionally been regarded as auto-anticoagulated against developing blood clots due to haemorrhage being regarded as the most significant haemostatic complication. More recently, there has been increasing recognition that hypercoagulability is a prominent aspect of cirrhosis, with an increasing number of patients developing thromboembolisms. When prescribing prophylactic low molecular weight heparin for prevention, clinicians are often concerned about the risk of bleeding, including gastrointestinal bleeding, specifically in those with decompensated liver disease and cirrhosis, due to the altered coagulopathy associated with these patients.

Aim:

The aim of this review was to assess if the use of prophylaxis in patients with liver disease is effective in the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and whether its use is related to an increase in bleeding episodes.

Methods:

A review of the literature was conducted to identify the incidence of VTE and bleeding in liver patients when given prophylactic VTE treatment.

Results:

The majority of evidence was inconclusive; however, the main emerging theme was that administering prophylaxis to patients with decompensated liver disease results in an increased risk of bleeding, while having little effect on reducing the risk of VTE development.

Conclusion:

The bleeding risk associated with VTE prophylaxis treatment and liver disease remains uncertain. Thus the ideal methods of medical prophylactic VTE prevention and monitoring in this patient population have not yet been determined. It is suggested that additional consideration should be given to serum albumin, platelet count and international normalised ratio, as well as renal function, in conjunction with risk assessment tools, when deciding whether to prescribe VTE prophylaxis or not.
A Qualitative Study of Emotional Lives of Teaching at Two Nigerian Universities
Authors: Igbafe Eucharia Chinwe
Published: December 2021

The emotional lives of teaching at the universities have remained under research.   This study used a qualitative approach to investigate the emotional lives of lecturers teaching at two selected universities. This study sought to identify, understand and interpret the emotional lives of teaching with interpretive phenomenology research design. In purposefully selected two universities, 12 lecturers participated in the study. Semi-structured individual interviews were employed, the data generated were interpreted, the emerged themes were: work condition, resources and accreditation panel, trade union and government disagreement, and experienced emotions and effects on participants. A further interpretation of the emerged themes revealed that the emotional lives of the participants are dependent on teaching resources, academic war and convenient behaviour. The dependence is thereby suggestive that change in the management of teaching resources, academic war and behaviour of lecturers could positively influence the nature of their emotional lives. The paper used two universities, which lays the foundation for subsequent studies because this is the first study to examine the emotional lives of teaching in Nigerian universities. The study made recommendations for further studies and drew implications for policy and practice.
Reinvesting in Havana: Housing Commodification and Gentrification in the Central Neighbourhoods of a Socialist City in the Global South
Authors: Jolivet Violaine , Alba-Carmichael Mateo
Published: December 2021

This article addresses the commodification of housing in Havana from 2011 onwards. It argues that the theories of gentrification and rent-gap can illuminate aspects of the transformation of the Cuban capital, even though these theories originated in capitalist urban contexts and that in Cuba the state is responsible for determining the value and ownership of land. The analysis of digital real estate ads on four platforms between 2012 and 2020 allows us to estimate the price and location of properties sold, their relationship to economic reinvestment in the central areas of the city, and how the geographic factors that define centrality are increasingly compromised by touristification and more generally by the commodification of housing. The urban transformations studied in this initial article on the real estate market and gentrification in the Cuban capital allow us to highlight that, on one hand, the transformation of housing into a commodity demonstrates the erosion of socialist values in urban production and, on the other, the creation of a real estate market in Havana has reinforced the connection of the Cuban city with transnational capitalist circulation. The article considers the economic and political context in which the market develops, then explains the methodology of big-small data in a context of limited access to information, followed by an analysis characterising Havana's market that examines the importance of spatial centrality and transnational flows of people and capital.
Reinvertir en la Habana: Mercantilización de la vivienda, y gentrificación en los barrios céntricos de una ciudad socialista del sur global
Authors: Jolivet Violaine , Alba-Carmichael Mateo
Published: December 2021

Este artículo aborda la mercantilización de la vivienda en La Habana desde 2011 en adelante. Sustenta que las teorías de la gentrificación y delrent-gappueden iluminar aspectos de la transformación de la capital cubana, aunque esas teorías fueron pensadas en contextos urbanos capitalistas y que la determinación del valor y la propiedad del suelo le corresponden en Cuba al Estado socialista. El análisis de los anuncios digitales de venta en cuatro plataformas entre 2012 y 2020 permite evaluar el precio y la ubicación de las propiedades a la venta, su relación con la reinversión económica en las áreas centrales de la ciudad y cómo los factores geográficos que definen la centralidad se ven cada vez más comprometidos por la turistificación y en general por la mercantilización de la vivienda. Las transformaciones urbanas estudiadas en este artículo pionero sobre el mercado inmobiliario y la gentrificación en la capital cubana permiten destacar, por un lado, que la transformación de la vivienda en una mercancía demuestra la erosión de los valores socialistas en la producción urbana y, por otro, que la creación de un mercado inmobiliario en La Habana ha reforzado la conexión de la ciudad cubana con las circulaciones transnacionales capitalistas.

El artículo considera el contexto económico y político en el que se forma este mercado, luego explica la metodología debig-small dataen un contexto de acceso escaso a la información, seguido por un análisis caracterizando el mercado habanero que examina la importancia de la centralidad espacial y de los flujos transnacionales de personas y capital.
Power-efficient silicon nitride thermo-optic phase shifters for visible light
Authors: Yong Zheng , Chen Hong , Luo Xianshu , Govdeli Alperen , Chua Hongyao , Azadeh Saeed S. , Stalmashonak Andrei , Lo Guo-Qiang , Poon Joyce K. S. , Sacher Wesley D.
Published: December 2021

We demonstrate power-efficient, thermo-optic, silicon nitride waveguide phase shifters for blue, green, and yellow wavelengths. The phase shifters operated with low power consumption due to a suspended structure and multi-pass waveguide design. The devices were fabricated on 200-mm silicon wafers using deep ultraviolet lithography as part of an active visible-light integrated photonics platform. The measured power consumption to achieve a π phase shift (averaged over multiple devices) was 0.78, 0.93, 1.09, and 1.20 mW at wavelengths of 445, 488, 532, and 561 nm, respectively. The phase shifters were integrated into Mach-Zehnder interferometer switches, and 10 − 90% rise(fall) times of about 570(590) μs were measured.
Highly polarized emission from organic single-crystal light-emitting devices with a polarization ratio of 176
Authors: An Ming-Hui , Ding Ran , Zhang Xu-Lin , Chen Shuo-Nan , Wang Ya-Nan , Ye Gao-Da , Zhu Qin-Cheng , Chen Nian-Ke , Liu Yu , Feng Jing , Sun Hong-Bo
Published: December 2021

Polarized light emission from organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) is of considerable current interest because of their great potential in various optical and optoelectronic devices. Utilizing materials with aligned molecular orientation is a simple and promising way to realize highly polarized OLEDs; however, both the polarization ratio and efficiency are still far from the requirements for practical applications. Organic single crystals with inherent anisotropic properties induced by their long-range periodic order are ideal candidates for intrinsically polarized emission. Herein, the intrinsic polarization has been dramatically amplified by constructing a microcavity structure in organic single-crystal OLEDs to effectively couple microcavity resonance to polarized light. A high polarization ratio of 176 has been achieved from the polarized OLEDs. Moreover, highly aligned single-crystalline molecules with small tilted orientation angles to the crystal surface result in a high outcoupling efficiency for surface-emitting crystal OLEDs. A maximum luminance of

6122

c
d

/

m

2

and current efficiency of 1.86 cd/A were achieved, which are among the best performances for crystal OLEDs. This work may lead to a new strategy for simultaneously enhancing the polarization ratio and efficiency of polarized OLEDs and promote their development in various optical and optoelectronic applications.
Analysis of the initial lot of the CDC 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) real-time RT-PCR diagnostic panel
Authors: Lee Justin S. , Goldstein Jason M. , Moon Jonathan L. , Herzegh Owen , Bagarozzi Dennis A. , Oberste M. Steven , Hughes Heather , Bedi Kanwar , Gerard Dorothie , Cameron Brenique , Benton Christopher , Chida Asiya , Ahmad Ausaf , Petway David J. , Tang Xiaoling , Sulaiman Nicky , Teklu Dawit , Batra Dhwani , Howard Dakota , Sheth Mili , Kuhnert Wendi , Bialek Stephanie R. , Hutson Christina L. , Pohl Jan , Carroll Darin S.
Published: December 2021

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) designed, manufactured, and distributed the CDC 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The diagnostic panel targeted three viral nucleocapsid gene loci (N1, N2, and N3 primers and probes) to maximize sensitivity and to provide redundancy for virus detection if mutations occurred. After the first distribution of the diagnostic panel, state public health laboratories reported fluorescent signal in the absence of viral template (false-positive reactivity) for the N3 component and to a lesser extent for N1. This report describes the findings of an internal investigation conducted by the CDC to identify the cause(s) of the N1 and N3 false-positive reactivity. For N1, results demonstrate that contamination with a synthetic template, that occurred while the “bulk” manufactured materials were located in a research lab for quality assessment, was the cause of false reactivity in the first lot. Base pairing between the 3’ end of the N3 probe and the 3’ end of the N3 reverse primer led to amplification of duplex and larger molecules resulting in false reactivity in the N3 assay component. We conclude that flaws in both assay design and handling of the “bulk” material, caused the problems with the first lot of the 2019-nCoV Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel. In addition, within this study, we found that the age of the examined diagnostic panel reagents increases the frequency of false positive results for N3. We discuss these findings in the context of improvements to quality control, quality assurance, and assay validation practices that have since been improved at the CDC.
Prevalence and correlates of early sexual initiation among Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Roman Lay Alejandra Andrea , Fujimori Elizabeth , Simões Duarte Luciane , Vilela Borges Ana Luiza
Published: December 2021

Background

Early adolescence is a critical stage in adolescents. This is the phase at which many young people start their sexual life early, increasing the risk of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancy. Few studies have analyzed the factors associated with early sexual initiation in very young adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, this study assessed the early sexual initiation stratified by sex and its correlates in a sample of Brazilian adolescents.

Methods

The study sample included Brazilian adolescents aged 12–14 who participated in The Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA), a multicenter, school-based, country-wide, cross-sectional study. Early sexual initiation was defined as the first sexual intercourse at or before 14 years old. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent factors associated with early sexual initiation.

Results

The prevalence of early sexual initiation was 7% among girls and 18% in boys. In a multivariate analysis, the adolescent’s age, mother’s schooling, smoking, alcohol consumption, and Tanner Stages were associated with early sexual initiation for both boys and girls. For girls, living with both parents, common mental disorders, and age at menarche were predictors of early sexual initiation, while race and type of school were correlated to early sexual initiation only for boys.

Conclusions

The early sexual initiation was associated with sociodemographic, lifestyle risk factors and secondary sexual characteristics in both sexes, while there were differences between the predictors of early sexual initiation among girls and boys. It emphasizes the importance of sex education and promotes healthy lifestyles in environments through families and schools in early adolescence.