A NEW EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL SUPPORT ELEMENTS FOR MOON MISSIONS IN SHORT-TERM ORBITAL MISSIONS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Fomina E.V. , Romanov P.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Burakova А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ganicheva А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Senatorova N.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Bakhtereva V.D. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kokueva М.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Alferova I.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shushunova T.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Savenko О.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kharlamov М.М. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training, Star City, Moscow region, Grishin A.P. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training, Star City, Moscow region, Matveev V.P. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training, Star City, Moscow region, Vasin A.V. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training, Star City, Moscow region, Pekarskaya N.P. ,   Gagarin Research and Test Cosmonaut Training, Star City, Moscow region, Poliakov A.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Yarmanova E.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lemeshko E.V. ,   Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Gubkin S.V. ,   Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Tapalsky D.V. ,   Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Vasilevskaya M.V. ,   Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
Published: November 2024

According to the current scenarios of space exploration missions, the Moon is viewed as a midbase on the way to remote space. The paper presents the results of a pilot study performed in a short-term mission to the ISS. A new experimental experience has been acquired on how to use the preventive effects of LBNP (lower body negative pressure) appropriately for crew training during the acute adaptation to microgravity before landing on the Moon. The paper describes dynamics of the movement control system re-adaptation, verticalization strategy, and progress in dealing with the double challenge on days 1-3 of recovery after a short-term mission. We obtained unique data about rearrangements in the gravity-dependent body systems during short-term missions. Results of the investigations of these systems after return from the mission point to some degradation of the body functional reserves and the need to develop countermeasures. The investigation is among the first steps towards working-out new crew medical operations in the phase of changing the paradigm from the orbital missions to remote space exploration.