bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Winkler T. , Sass F. A. , Duda G. N. , Schmidt-Bleek K.
Published: March 2018

Despite its intrinsic ability to regenerate form and function after injury, bone tissue can be challenged by a multitude of pathological conditions. While innovative approaches have helped to unravel the cascades of bone healing, this knowledge has so far not improved the clinical outcomes of bone defect treatment. Recent findings have allowed us to gain in-depth knowledge about the physiological conditions and biological principles of bone regeneration. Now it is time to transfer the lessons learned from bone healing to the challenging scenarios in defects and employ innovative technologies to enable biomaterial-based strategies for bone defect healing. This review aims to provide an overview on endogenous cascades of bone material formation and how these are transferred to new perspectives in biomaterial-driven approaches in bone regeneration.

Cite this article: T. Winkler, F. A. Sass, G. N. Duda, K. Schmidt-Bleek. A review of biomaterials in bone defect healing, remaining shortcomings and future opportunities for bone tissue engineering: The unsolved challenge. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:232–243. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.BJR-2017-0270.R1.
Sexual re-victimisation of adolescent girls in institutional care with a history of sexual violence in childhood: empirical results and conclusions for prevention
Authors: Kavemann Barbara , Helfferich Cornelia , Kindler Heinz , Nagel Bianca
Published: March 2018

The article explores the issue of sexual re-victimisation, based on a short-term longitudinal study of adolescent girls in residential care in Germany. Using qualitative and standardised instruments, the study examined the frequency and conditions of re-victimisation occurring within a set time period and the possibilities and difficulties of preventing the recurrence of sexual violence, including psychological and social consequences of sexual abuse. The research found that despite traumatic problems and psychological disorders, for the girls and young women in residential care improvement towards lesser vulnerability after sexual abuse and other forms of endangerment was possible.
‘Home game’: domestic abuse and football
Authors: Brooks-Hay Oona , Lombard Nancy
Published: March 2018

Increased reports of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) following football matches have been documented, within both quantitative studies and the media, leading to questions about the policy and practice responses required. However, qualitative research facilitating understanding of the apparent link between football and DVA is lacking. Drawing upon research with key stakeholders across England and Scotland, this paper provides a rare insight into their understanding of the contested and complex relationship between football and DVA, including the role of contributory and confounding factors such as alcohol, match expectations, masculinity, entitlement and permissions. It is argued that while football may provide a potential platform for challenging DVA, focusing on football (or other specific factors or events) as causative risks re-incidentalising DVA and detaching it from feminist frameworks that have established DVA as a sustained behaviour grounded in gendered inequalities. This paper concludes by considering the broader conceptual implications of these findings for future research, policy and practice.
Gender-based violence in EU sport policy: overview and recommendations
Authors: Lang Melanie , Mergaert Lut , Arnaut Catarina , Vertommen Tine
Published: March 2018

Policy on or relating to gender-based violence (GBV) in sport settings has a relatively recent history. This paper traces developments in this area at a European level and within individual EU member states’ national frameworks. In doing so, it draws on data gathered in 2016 as part of a study commissioned by the European Commission’s Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency to, among other things, describe the current situation regarding GBV in sport at the EU member state, European Union and international levels. The paper also identifies key issues with existing policy and practice across the EU, and makes recommendations for European organisations, EU member states and sports organisations to raise awareness of and implement initiatives to manage and prevent GBV in and through sport.
Dealing with Multi-Perspectivity in Real-World Laboratories: Experiences from the Transdisciplinary Research Project Urban Transformation Laboratories
Authors: Engels Anita , Walz Kerstin
Published: March 2018

Real-world laboratories bring together stakeholders from research and outside academia in sustainability experimentation. However, different perspectives of partners and inherent goal conflicts often inhibit collaboration. We present strategies how multi-perspectivity can be channeled
into synergies instead of unsurmountable conflicts.The project Urban Transformation Laboratories in Lokstedt (Hamburg) seeks to identify novel ways to combine local climate mitigation with urban planning, with a particular focus on the perspectives of local citizens. It serves as
an example of transdisciplinary collaboration between two university partners and two local authorities, practice partners, and citizens. This Design Report focuses on strategies to address the challenges posed by multi-perspectivity among these different project stakeholders. We assume
that building and maintaining trustful relations requires a careful balance of multiple perspectives, and that working with differences instead of forcing all partners to accept a unified perspective is the key to a successful collaboration. Finally, we briefly discuss the lessons we have
learned so far on dealing with multi-perspectivity and the modifications we have introduced to our design.
Urban Living Labs and the Role of Users in Co-Creation
Authors: Menny Mascha , Palgan Yuliya Voytenko , McCormick Kes
Published: March 2018

Users as co-creators? We examine how urban living labs (ULLs) effectively engage in a participatory methodology that facilitates co-creation with users, and discuss the link between user involvement and the transformative potential of ULLs. User involvement, governance structure, leadership
and power distribution are important factors for ULLs to become transformative.Urban living labs (ULLs) offer opportunities to foster sustainability in cities. They are sites to design, test and learn from innovation in real time. A key element in the operation and success of ULLs is user
involvement. Users are often viewed as co-creators who shape ULL outcomes by contributing with their knowledge and experience. The transformative potential of ULLs for sustainability is often interconnected with user participation. Despite its importance, user involvement in ULLs remains a
practical challenge that is also understudied. In this article, we examine how ULLs engage in a participatory methodology that facilitates co-creation with users, and discuss the link between user involvement and the transformative potential of ULLs. While co-creation is a cornerstone of the
ULL concept, we also show that a combination of different user participation levels in different stages of the ULL life cycle has a potential to enhance the outcomes and transformative potential of ULLs. User involvement plays a positive role in realising the transformative potential of ULLs
for sustainability, but governance structure, leadership and power distribution are also important factors for ULLs to become transformative.
How Much of the Real-World Laboratory Is Hidden in Current Transdisciplinary Research?
Authors: Rogga Sebastian , Zscheischler Jana , Gaasch Nadin
Published: March 2018

The concept of real-world laboratories is difficult to distinguish from the concept of transdisciplinary research. Thus, the question has arisen: to what extent is the real-world laboratory truly novel? If transdisciplinary research is considered a process providing only socially robust
knowledge and orientation (instead of solutions), then the real-world lab could be thought of as a model in which evidence-supported solutions can be tested and adjusted, and progress can be achieved.
Freestyle Libre: available on the NHS?
Authors: Crabtree Thomas SJ , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Wilmot Emma
Published: March 2018

In 2017 the FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitor became available on the NHS Drug Tariff. Clinicians and funders across the UK have had to debate where this device sits in the care of people with diabetes. While some would argue that this device is a replacement for self-monitoring of blood glucose and should therefore be widely available for those who may benefit, the financial climate in the NHS has demanded a more conservative approach. This article considers the current evidence to support the use of the FreeStyle Libre, its position in current and future care pathways and gaps in available evidence.
Driving and diabetes: are the changes in the European Union licensing regulations fit for purpose?
Authors: Graveling Alex J , Frier Brian M
Published: March 2018

Driving is an important everyday activity for many people with diabetes, which is designated a prospective disability as it may impair driving performance as it progresses in severity. In effect, the principal threat to driving performance is hypoglycaemia associated with insulin therapy. Regular assessment of medical fitness to drive is undertaken to identify drivers with diabetes who are at greatest risk of experiencing motor vehicle accidents. Many countries do not restrict the licensing of drivers with insulin-treated diabetes and fail to review and/or restrict the driving of large goods vehicles or those carrying passengers. The European Union has formulated regulations for driving licensing for diabetes through successive directives, which have been implemented by individual countries including the UK. In response to submissions to relax licensing restrictions, some of these have been amended recently and were implemented in the UK in January 2018. Their rationale and potential value are discussed.
Doprinos vjerskog odgoja cjelovitom razvoju djece rane i predškolske dobi
Authors: Mohorić Marijana
Published: March 2018

U radu se afirmira potreba cjelovitog odgoja i naobrazbe u segmentu ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja u Republici Hrvatskoj, a posebno se ukazuje na potrebu doprinosa vjerskog odgoja djece navedene dobi. Mogućnosti provođenja vjerskog programa razmatraju se s obzirom na pravni okvir i dostupne kvantitativne podatke. Potom se posebno iznose temeljne postavke odgojnog djelovanja Katoličke Crkve i religiozno-pedagoški koncept na kojem se temelje odgojno-obrazovni planovi vjerskog odgoja, čiji se doprinos ne opravdava isključivo pravnim osnovama, nego i iz znanstvenih krugova. U svrhu boljeg doprinosa ističu se na kraju tri izazova s kojima se treba suočiti koji se odnose na formaciju odgojitelja u vjeri, osvješćivanje javnosti i osnaženje odgojne suradnje između svih relevantnih čimbenika.
Zakonski okvir odgoja i obrazovanja darovitih učenika u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Zrilić Smiljana , Marin Dinko
Published: March 2018

Hrvatski zakonski okvir određuje mogućnosti školovanja darovite djece i učenika. Po člancima Zakona i svih pravilnika, te ostalih nacionalnih dokumenata1 škole su u obvezi nužno organizirati proces identifikacije darovitih učenika, te im omogućiti školovanje u skladu s adekvatnim modelima i diferenciranim kurikulumima. Daroviti učenici često su izloženi ili prevelikim ili preniskim očekivanjima okoline što kod njih stvara osjećaj bespomoćnosti, pogotovo ako ih vršnjaci izoliraju zbog različitosti (interesa, ponašanja, rječnika kojim se služe i sl). Stoga je od presudne važnosti uloga učitelja, koji mora prvenstveno znati prepoznati i identificirati darovitog učenika. Treba uvažavati i poticati njihove specifične obrazovne potrebe, kao i prednosti, a nedostatke koje im njihova darovitost stvara u okolini nastojati ublažiti. Primjena diferenciranih kurikuluma je neophodna. No, prije svega, postavlja se pitanje koliko su naši zakonski i podzakonski akti u skladu s potrebama suvremene škole i koliko su visokoškolski kurikulumi usmjereni prema osposobljavanju budućih učitelja za rad s darovitim učenicima. U radu su analizirani članci važećih propisa u Republici Hrvatskoj koji determiniraju odgoj i obrazovanje darovitih učenika.
Stimulation of growth hormone by kisspeptin antagonists in ewes
Authors: Smith J T , Roseweir A , Millar M , Clarke I J , Millar R P
Published: March 2018

Kisspeptin signalling is indispensable for fertility, stimulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and mediating gonadal steroid feedback on GnRH neurons. Moreover, kisspeptin neurons have been implicated in other non-reproductive neuroendocrine roles. Kisspeptin appears to also regulate growth hormone secretion but much of the data appear contradictory. We sought to clarify a potential role of kisspeptin in growth hormone (GH) regulation by examining the effect of kisspeptin antagonists on GH secretion in ewes under various physiological conditions. Our data show clear and robust increases in GH secretion following lateral ventricle or third ventricle infusion of kisspeptin antagonists p-234 and p-271 in either ovariectomized or anestrous ewes. Central infusion of kisspeptin-10 had no effect on GH secretion. To determine the level at which kisspeptin may influence GH secretion, we examined expression of the cognate kisspeptin receptor, GPR54, in pituitary cells and showed by immunocytochemistry that the majority of somatotropes express GPR54 while expression was largely negative in other pituitary cells. Overall, we have demonstrated that blocking kisspeptin signalling by antagonists stimulates GH secretion in ewes and that this is likely mediated by inhibiting endogenous kisspeptin activation of GPR54 expressed on somatotropes. The findings suggest that endogenous kisspeptin inhibits GH secretion through GPR54 expressed on somatotropes.
Growing of Mercury-Indium Telluride Perfect Single Crystals
Authors: Galochkin O.V. , Zakharuk Y.D. , Sklyarchuk V.M. , Tsaliy V.Z. , Asheulov A.A. , Dremluzhenko S.G.
Published: March 2018

The perfect single crystals of mercury-indium telluride were grown by the modified method of zone melting. The differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray structure analysis are performed.
The Influence of Dimensional Static and Dynamic Charge on the Spectral Parameters and Active Dynamic Conductivity of Resonanse Tunnelling Structures with Constant Electric Field
Authors: Boyko I.V. , Gryschyk A.M.
Published: March 2018

In the model of effective masses and rectangular potentials obtained self-consistent solution of Poisson and Schrödinger equations for different concentrations of electrons.

It has been calculated spectral parameters and active dynamic conductivity for three-well nanostructure as active band of experimental quantum cascade laser.

It has been established, that space charge deforms shape dependence of transmission factor of electron energy from Lorentzian shape to quasi-Lorentzian, shifting their maximum value to the high energy region and increasing the lifetimes of electronic quasistationary states.

It was shown, that with increasing concentration of electrons energy of laser radiation in quantum transitions  and  decreases, and the total value of active dynamic conductivity increases so, that it increases the partial contribution component of conductivity, determined by electron flux, directed opposite to the exit of nanostructure.
Magneto- and Tensoresistance of the p Ge Compensated Crystals in the Range of Weak, Intermediate and Classically Strong Magnetic Fields
Authors: Gaidar G.P.
Published: March 2018

On the crystalsof compensatedp‑Ge (with the compensation factor of k = NSb/NGa = 0.5) the transverse (Н ^ (J // X)) magnetoresistance (within the magnetic fields of 0 < Н £ 22.3 kOe) at fixed values of the mechanical stresses Хі = 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.9; 1.1; 1.5 GPa were measured at 77 K. These mechanical stresses X created the elastic deformation along the samples, the crystallographic orientation of which coincided with the direction of [100]. Also at fixed magnetic field intensities Ні = 2; 4; 8; 10; 15; 20; 22.3 kOe the dependencies of resistivity  on the mechanical stress X, which coincides with the longitudinal axis of the crystal (X // J // [100]) and changes in the range of 0 £ Х £ 1.5 GPa, were measured. Last dependences characterized by the presence of a minimum in the range of X ~ 0.5 ¸ 0.6 GPa at the minimal magnetic field intensities Н = 2 kOe, which was shifted to the values of X ~ 0.2 ¸ 0.3 GPa with increasing Н up to 22.3 kOe.
Photoluminescent Properties of CdTe Nanocrystals in Colloidal Solutions and Polymer Films
Authors: Budzulyak S.I. , Yermakov V.M. , Kapush O.A. , Korbutyak D.V. , Tomashyk V.М. , Tomashyk Z.F. , Trishchuk L.I. , Boruk S.D. , Demchyna L.A.
Published: March 2018

Using stabilizers and promoters we have obtained colloidal CdTe nanocrystals (NCs) in aqueous solutions. Incorporation of the CdTe NCs into polymer films has been fulfilled subsequently. It is shown that the use of vinyl acetate-acrylate copolymer as the matrix material for CdTe NC incorporation from colloidal solutions allows to get stable and nontoxic nanoheterogeneous film structures, which are characterized by satisfactory values of the photoluminescence quantum yield. Photoluminescence characteristics of the studied materials have been analyzed.
The Interaction of Water Suspension Incarbonic Dolomite with Sulfuric Acid and Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Duda O.M. , Kostiv I.J.
Published: March 2018

The interaction of aqueous suspension of calcium chloride has been studied at different temperatures and at the duration of natural dolomite and solutions of sulfate acid and also carbon dioxide. Studied composition of formed products. Established that the reaction rate of magnesium oxide with acid or carbon dioxide is lower than calcium oxide. The conditions of obtaining of active magnesium with content ballast calcium carbonate and sulfate, which is connected to soluble calcium. For 1023 K temperature forms the most active magnesium oxide, increasing it to 1123 K, magnesium oxide is passivated and increasing the number of active calcium oxide. Soluble calcium compound completely pass into insoluble sulfates or carbonates by passing through a suspension of carbon dioxide or solution of sulfate acid neutralization. Thermo activated dolomite which containing active magnesium oxide and various forms of inert material can be used for obtaining magnesia binders.
Electrical Parameters of SnO2 Based Varistor Ceramics with CaO and BaO Additions
Authors: Gaponov A.V. , Vorobiov O.V. , Vasyliev A.M.
Published: March 2018

In the tested SnO2-Co3O4-Nb2O5-Cr2O3-CuO varistor ceramics the adding of CaO or BaO oxides leads to the decrease of the electric conductivity in the low electric field and correlated increase of the potential barrier height at the SnO2 grain boundaries (from 0.7 to 1.0 eV). The coordinated changes of electrical parameters with the increase of the burning temperature from 1520 to 1620 К (the increase of the linear shrinkage, a grain size, an electric conductivity, a nonlinear coefficient , a normalized nonlinear coefficient , a dielectric permittivity and the decrease of the qualifying electric field E1, an activation energy of electric conduction and a grain specific resistance) prove the barrier mechanism of electric conductivity in the SnO2 based ceramics. The highest data  and = 0.02 cm·V-1 has ceramics with CaO addition baked at 1620 K. According to the impulse experimental data in the high electric field the increase of burning temperature causes the increase of SnO2 grain average size and the decrease of their grain specific resistance . The obtained value  = 1.1 Ohm·cm for SnO2-Co3O4-Nb2O5-Cr2O3-CuO ceramics is the lowest among those found in SnO2 based ceramics.
Effect of Magnetic Field on Energy Spectrum and localizationof electron in multilayeredspherical nanosystems
Authors: Holovatsky V. , Bernik I. , Yahnevych M.
Published: March 2018

The effect of magnetic field on electron energy spectrum, wave functions and probability densities in multilayered spherical quantum-dot-quantum-well (QDQW) CdSe/ZnS/CdSe/ZnS is studied in order to clear the question if the quasi-particle can tunnel through potential barrier under the influence of the external field. Computations are performed in the framework of the effective mass approximation and rectangular potential barriers model. It is used the method of the wave functions expansion over the complete basis of functions obtained as an exact solutions of the Schrodinger equation for the electron in QDQW without the magnetic field.

It is shown that magnetic field takes off the spectrum degeneration with respect to the magnetic quantum number and deforms electron wave functions. The field stronger effects on the spherically-symmetric states, especially if the electron is localized in outer potential well. It is theoretically confirmed that under the influence of magnetic field the quasi-particle can essentially change its location tunneling through nanoscale potential barrier. That phenomenon would appear in optical properties of nanostructure.
Synthesis of Carbon-Silica Nanomaterials by Carbonization of Cellulose Acetate and Polyisocyanate Copolymer
Authors: Goncharuk V.V. , Dubrovin I.V. , Dubrovina L.V. , Kucheruk D.D. , Naboka O.V. , Ogenko V.M.
Published: March 2018

Cellulose acetate and polyisocyanate copolymer synthesized by mechanical mixing of cellulose acetate, polyisocyanate and fumed silicon dioxide in the presence of nickel chloride was carbonized in silicon dioxide template. Copolymer and silicon dioxide template were formed simultaneously. Composite structure and composition was studied with SEM and EDS. SEM showed that porous carbonaceous nanomaterial was synthesized. Formed carbon is represented by coating on silicon dioxide, layered ribbon-like and fibrous structures in template pores with size from several nm (thickness) to several microns (length). Metallic nickel crystals up to 200 nm in size were fabricated in composite pores from Nickel chloride by reduction of   Ni2 with products of pyrolysis of organic compounds.
Chemical Method of Receipt of Powder-Like Mixtures of Copper Crystals (Cu) -Nano, Micro Dispersion of for Reinforcement of Polymeric Compositions are Used as Materials for Printing 3D
Authors: Gorenko М.V.
Published: March 2018

We consider possibility of the chemical process of obtaining crystals of copper powder mixtures -nano, micro dispersion of for reinforcement of polymeric compositions are used as materials for printing 3D thermo-extrusion method, is given determination the physic and to mechanical properties of the resulting material, depending on the filler, we offer a method to reduce the porosity of products for the SLS technology, DMLS,investigated kinds of crystal structures of copper (Cu) and crystallization process copper (Cu) with -nano phase in solution H2O.
The Electrical Conductivity in Superlattices of Spherical Quantum Dots
Authors: Boichuk V.I. , Pazyuk R.I. , Bilynskyi I.V.
Published: March 2018

The electrical properties of semiconductor systems of spherical GaAs / AlxGa1-xAs quantum dots of various dimensions, depending on the energy of the Fermi level and temperature, and the concentration of aluminum in the matrix, are investigated. Dependences of group velocity of electrons on the index of minisons were obtained. Reducing the CT radius, as well as increasing the aluminum concentration in the matrix, results in an increase in group velocity. The change in the sign of the group velocity of individual minisons is caused by the behavior of the isoenergetic surfaces of these minisons. The electrical conductivity is calculated, containing the contributions of the s- and three p-minisons for given parameters of the system, the maximum of which is near the center of the minisone. The increase in electrical conductivity is observed with a decrease in the CT radius and the aluminum concentration, as well as with the decrease of the GaAs / AlxGa1-xAs superlattice dimension. The temperature dependence of electrical conductivity for various parameters of such systems is also investigated.
The Flow Behavior of Organic Liquids Inside Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Barilka A.G. , Balabai R.M.
Published: March 2018

Within the methods of electron density functional and ab initio pseudopotential, it were obtained the spatial distributions of density of valence and the total energy for migration of water (or methanol) inside carbon nanotubes with clean walls and lined inside with gold atoms. It was found that the mass transfer of methanol through the carbon nanotubes of the zigzag type (15,0) is two orders of magnitude more energy than water.. It was revealed that the mass transfer of water and methanol through carbon nanotubes covered with gold atoms on the inner sides requires an order of magnitude more energy than pure nanotubes.
Morphology of PbTe Crystal Surface Sputtered by Argon Plasma under Secondary Neutral Mass Spectrometry Conditions
Authors: Zayachuk D.M. , Csik A. , Slynko V.E.
Published: March 2018

We have investigated morphology of the lateral surfaces of PbTe crystal samples grown from melt by the Bridgman method sputtered by Ar+ plasma with ion energy of 50 – 550 eV for 5 - 50 minutes under Secondary Neutral Mass Spectrometry (SNMS) conditions. The sputtered PbTe crystal surface was found to be simultaneously both the source of sputtered material and the efficient substrate for re-deposition of the sputtered material during the depth profiling. During sputtering PbTe crystal surface is forming the dimple relief. To be re-deposited the sputtered Pb and Te form arrays of the microscopic surface structures in the shapes of hillocks, pyramids, cones and others on the PbTe crystal sputtered surface. Correlation between the density of re-deposited microscopic surface structures, their shape, and average size, on the one hand, and the energy and duration of sputtering, on the other, is revealed.
Structure and Optical Properties of B'- Phase of Ag8SnSe6
Authors: Semkiv І.V.
Published: March 2018

Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy of lowtemperature b¢-Ag8SnSe6 crystalcarried out. Energy dispersive spectrum shows only peaks related to Ag8SnSe6. Experimental optical absorption spectrum and band gap value 0.82 eV are determined. Theoretical calculation of absorption spectrum shows good agreement with experimental studies. Modeling of crystal structure of Ag8SnSe6 argyrodite and interatomic distances calculation are carried out.
The Thickness Dependence of Thermoelectric Parameters of thin Films Based on Compounds LAST
Authors: Dzundza B.S. , Kostyuk O.B. , Makovyshyn V.I.
Published: March 2018

The thermoelectric properties of thin films based on compounds PbSnAgTe, obtained by condensation of vapor on the high vacuum on mica substrate are researched. Based on a two-layer model Petrits are founded electrical parameters of surface layers. It is shown that condensates thickness d < 500 nm are characterized by improved thermoelectric properties.
Engineering of Point Defects and Formation Mechanisms of PbTe–CdTe Solid Solutions
Authors: Tsymbalyuk T.P.
Published: March 2018

The crystal-quasichemical formulas were proposed in paper. There were obtain the dominant point defects of Pb1-xCdxТе solid solutions on the base of initial binary solutions PbТе and CdTe of the n- and р-type of conductivity. The dependence of defect concentrations, such as charge carriers and Hall’s concentration due composition of solid solutions were calculated.
Carbon-Silica Composites with Cellulose Acetate, Polyisocyanate and Copper Chloride
Authors: Goncharuk V.V. , Dubrovin I.V. , Dubrovina L.V. , Kucheruk D.D. , Naboka O.V. , Ogenko V.M.
Published: March 2018

Cellulose acetate and polyisocyanate copolymer synthesized by simultaneous mixing of cellulose acetate and polyisocyanate with acetone solution of Copper chloride and fumed silicon dioxide was carbonized in a silicon dioxide template. The composite structure and composition was studied with SEM, EDS and XRD. It was shown that the porous carbonaceous nanomaterial was synthesized where formed carbon was represented by coating on silicon dioxide and consisted of graphite, graphene and amorphous nonstructured carbon. Crystals of metallic copper with the size up to few µm were formed from Copper chloride after reduction of Cu2+ with products of organic compounds pyrolisis.
Crystal Chemistry Analysis of Ternary Phases in Systems Me-P-S(Se), where Ме – Ag, Cu, Zn, Cd, In, Tl, Sn, Pb
Authors: Voroshilov Yu.V. , Milyan Zh.I. , Мilyan P.М. , Potoriy M.V.
Published: March 2018

Crystal structures ofternary thio(seleno)hypodiphosphates of metals of groups I-IV of the periodic system were analyzed. Chemical bonds in investigated phases were descripted on the base of interatomic distances in binary and ternary compounds.
The Features of Nano-objects Distribution on IV-VI Vapor-Phase Condensate Surface
Authors: Saliy Y.P. , Ruvinskiy M.A. , Nykyruy L.I.
Published: March 2018

The influence of technological factors for obtaining such as both time and temperature of evaporator and temperature of substrate on statistics of the objects on the surface of PbTe films doped by Bi and deposited from the vapor on ceramics substrate in vacuum has been investigated. The atomic force microscopy and the image processing techniques and testing of statistical hypotheses were used. The influence of technological factors on statistics of the surface crystallite size and their correlation to each other was analyzed.
Electrochemical properties of nanodispersed iron oxide in aqueous electrolytes
Authors: Kotsyubynsky V.О. , Moklyak V.V. , Mokhnatska L.V. , Hrubiak A.B.
Published: March 2018

Nanodispersed iron oxide was synthesized by sol-gel citrate method and investigated as electrode material for the electrochemical power sources, which based on non-aqueous electrolytes (3,5М КОН). The electrochemical research was conducted by using three electrode cell. Reversibility of electrochemical processes that occur during of charge/charge on the electrode was determined by cyclic voltammetry method. Using of three electrode cell with the working electrode based on synthesized material have enabled to estimate specific capacity of discharge of nanodispersed iron oxide.
Optical Studies of the Interactions CdS and CdTe Nanoparticles with a Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Stolyarchuk I.D. , Shporta O.A.
Published: March 2018

The interaction between CdS , CdTe nanoparticles  and human serum albumin (HSA) was studied by absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis suggests of spherical shape of nanostructures with small size distribution.  In the absorption spectra of the colloidal nanoparticles exciton band was found to be shifted to higher photon energy as compared with that for bulk crystals due to the quantum confinement effect. It was shown that addition of HSA to colloidal nanocrystals leds to a gradual decrease of absorption and broadening of exciton structure, resulting in forming nanoparticles–HSA complexes. The photoluminescence quenching results indicated that the quenching effect of nanoparticles CdTe on HSA fluorescence depend on the temperature and the nature of quenching is static. When the concentration of CdS nanoparticles in solution with HSA over 1,5 10-6 mol L-1, in addition to static quenching mechanism of photoluminescence increases of dynamic quenching mechanism.
Energy of Substitution of Anions and Cations in Zinc and Cadmium Telluride
Authors: Prokopiv V.V. , Pylyponiuk М.S. , Boychuk V.М. , Маteik G.D. , Mazur T.M. , Horichok I.V.
Published: March 2018

Energy substitution of cations and anions in ZnTe i CdTe by atoms from first and seventh group of the periodic table were calculated using the method of bonding orbitals. Based on the results conclusions about the most likely types of defects by doping.
Topology and Photoelectric Properties of Heterostructure p-GaTe – n-InSe
Authors: Katerynchuk V.M. , Litvin O.S. , Kudrynskyi Z.R. , Kovalyuk Z.D. , Tkachuk I.G. , Kushnir B.V.
Published: March 2018

We investigated the photoelectrical properties of the heterojunctions p-GaTe – n-InSe fabricated by the method of mechanical contact of GaTe oxidized plate with van der Waals surface of InSe. The AFM-images revealed that there was formed thin oxide dielectric layer of Ga2O3 on the heterointerface p-GaTe – n-InSe. The energy band diagram was constructed. It was established that the p-GaTe – n-InSe heterojunction is photosensitive in the spectral range 0,74 - 1,0 µm.
Structure and Vibrational Spectra of thin Films β-Ga2O3
Authors: Bordun O.M. , Partyka M.V. , Medvid I.I. , Kukharskyy I.Yo. , Ptashnyk V.V. , Bordun B.O.
Published: March 2018

The structure, phase composition and surface morphology of thin films b-Ga2O3, obtained by high-frequency ion-plasma sputtering, after annealing at different atmosphere was investigated. The spectra of IR reflection of system thin film b-Ga2O3 - fused quartz substrate υ-SiO2 in region 400–1600 cm-1 at 295 K were measured. The peaks in the spectrum of films b-Ga2O3, associated with vibration of Ga – O fragments in structural tetrahedral GaO4 and octahedral GaO6 complexes was interpreted.
Electrochemical Investigation of Hydrogen Influence on GaSe–PbSe System
Authors: Balitskii О.A. , Polishchuk N.M.
Published: March 2018

It has been investigated the electrochemical characteristics of gallium and lead selenides, depending on electrolyte type with and without the presence of solar irradiation.  During the sunlight irradiation polarization takes place at the low values of current density and more positive value of potentials in comparison with the result obtained in darkness.
The Effect of the Thermal Introduction of NaNO2 on the Optical Properties of Indium and Gallium Monoselenides
Authors: Kovalyuk Z.D. , Netyaga V.V. , Pyrlya M.M. , Potsiluiko R.L. , Boledzyuk V.B.
Published: March 2018

The effect of the thermal introduction of NaNO2 on the optical properties of indium and gallium monoselenides was investigated. The transmission spectra of InSe and GaSe and their NaNO2-intercalates were identified by means of the installation spectrometric collected on the basis of monochromator MDR-23. It was found that the time dependence of the concentration of NaNO2-intercalates has the non-monotonic character with areas of different intercalation speeds.
The Influence of Point Defects in the Crystal Lattice on Fourier Components of Polarizability of Yttrium-Iron Garnet
Authors: Kravets V.I. , Chervinko D.М. , Yaremiy I.P.
Published: March 2018

The paper analyzed the crystal structure of ferrite-garnets and it shows the presence of cavities, volume of which is comparable with the volume of the atoms in the lattice. It is shown that the displacement of some cations can lead to changes in the Fourier components of polarizability values by up to 7%. The calculation of Fourier components of polarizability with the displacement of various cations in the crystal lattice cavities conducted in the paper.
Synthesis and Thermoelectric Properties of PbTe-SnTe Solid Solutions
Authors: Horichok I.V. , Nykyruy L.I. , Galushchak M.O. , Mudrij S.I. , Semko T.O. , Megilovska L.J. , Gatala I.S. , Yurchyshyn L.D.
Published: March 2018

There are presents X-ray results and measurements of thermoelectric parameters (thermoelectric electromotive force α, specific electrical conductivity σ, and coefficient of thermal conductivity k) for materials on the base of PbTe-SnTe system. The dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit ZT ≈ 0,3 received for thermoelectric samples p-Pb0.4Sn0.6Te obtained by cold pressing method in complex with annealing.
Influence of the C4H6O6 Concentration in the (NH4)2Cr2O7 HBr C4H6O6 Composition on the Chemical-Dynamic Polishing of the III-V Semiconductors
Authors: Levchenko I.V. , Malanych G.P. , Tomashyk V.M. , Stratiychuk I.B.
Published: March 2018

The paper presents the results of experimental determination of the influence of the initial concentration of tartaric acid on the features of the chemical interaction of InAs, InSb, GaAs and GaSb with (NH4)2Cr2O7‑HBr‑C4H6O6 etching solutions. It was established that C4H6O6 decreases the general crystals dissolution rate because it increases the etching compositions viscosity, and also enhances the polishing properties of the etching solutions. The comparative analysis of the etching mixtures composition changes influence demonstrates that the using of 40 % C4H6O6, in comparison with 27 %, provides the higher quality polishing of the crystals surface.
The Hollow Spherical Silica Molecule (SiO2)20(H2O)10: Theoretical Calculations of the IR spectrum
Authors: Filonenko O. , Lobanov V. , Grebenyuk A.
Published: March 2018

The IR spectrum of hollow spherical molecule (SiO2)20(H2O)10 have been calculated within harmonic approximation using density functional theory method (exchange-correlation functional B3LYP and basis set 6-31G (d, p)) and an assignment have been made of the frequencies to the forms of vibrations. It has been shown that the theoretically calculated spectrum of molecule (SiO2)20(H2O)10 is consistent with the experimental spectra of nanospheres, so the molecule (SiO2)20(H2O)10 and its higher homologues can be used in quantum-chemical calculations of the properties of synthesized hollow nanospheres (d ≈ 290 nm).
Influence of Plasma State of Matter on the Diffusion Atoms at Electrolysis
Authors: Fedorenkova L.I. , Filonenko N.Yu.
Published: March 2018

In paper, the basic parameters of the plasma state of substance around the cathode, as the main factor influencing the intensification of diffusion processes were studied. It is shown the diffusion layer formation on the surface of aluminum and its alloys has a sufficiently high speed (30 - 40 m / min.) conditioned the activity of saturating environment, which is determined by the state of electrolytic plasma. Qualitative assessment the degree of ionization, the average free path for discharge in a hydrogen atmosphere, the average time between collisions, the average characteristic times of the particle momentum transmission in the gas discharge conditions with hydrogen ions, the time of electron energy transmission when it interacts with a heavy particle, depending on the temperature have received in the study of the characteristics and features of electrolytic plasma in the cathode zone. А result of calculations of the physical characteristics of the electrolytic plasma has been determined that hydrogen is a major contributor to the plasma energy and promotes the intensification of diffusion processes.
Edge Absorption of (Y0.06Ga0.94)2O3 Thin Films
Authors: Bordun O.M. , Kukharskyy I.Yo. , Medvid I.I. , Tsapovska Zh.Ya.
Published: March 2018

Fundamental absorption edge of (Y0,06Ga0,94)2O3 thin films, obtained by radio-frequency ion-plasmous sputtering, was investigated using the method of optical spectroscopy. It was established that these films are formed in the monoclinic structure of β-Ga2O3. The optical band gap of these films is greater than β-Ga2O3 films and is 4.66 eB for films annealed in oxygen atmosphere, 4.77 eV for the films annealed in argon atmosphere and 4.87 eV for the films, restored in a hydrogen atmosphere. Consolidated effective mass of free charge carriers in (Y0,06Ga0,94)2O3 films after annealing and after reconstitution in hydrogen was estimated. It was found that the concentration of charge carriers after annealing in oxygen atmosphere is 1.32×1018 cm-3, after annealing in argon atmosphere - 3.41×1018 cm-3 and after reconstitution in hydrogen is 5.20×1018 cm-3, which is typical for degenerated semiconductors. It was shown that the shift of fundamental absorption edge in (Y0,06Ga0,94)2O3 thin films is caused by Burstein-Moss effect.
Miniband Electroconductivity in Superlattices of Cubic Quantum Dots of the InAs/GaxIn1-xAs Heterosystem
Authors: Boichuk V.I. , Bilynskyi I.V. , Pazyuk R.I.
Published: March 2018

In this paper, the model of InAs/GaxIn1-xAs cubic quantum dot superlattices (CQDS) of various dimensionality has been proposed. The energy spectra of electrons and holes of the quantum dot superlattice have been determined in the effective mass approximation and modified Kronig-Penney model. In the frame of this model, the spectra of charges of 3D, 2D and 1D-superlattices can be obtained by changing respective distances between the elements of the superlattice. The energy dependence of the electron and hole subbands (under-the-barrier subbands and over-the-barrier subbands) on the wave vector of the superlattice has been calculated. The number of under-the-barrier subbands is determined by QD size and width of each subband is defined by QD size, distances between superlattice elements and subband numerical index.

The dependences of the Fermi energy and concentration of charge carriers on temperature, concentration of impurities, energy of impurity levels have been obtained and analyzed. We have taken account of the dependence of electron relaxation time on temperature caused by scattering of carriers on both phonons and donor centers. The effect of the impurity system on electroconductivity of the CQDS is investigated.
CdTe Quantum Dots and Their Bioconjugate with Human Serum Albumin for Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Stolyarchuk I. D. , Wojnarowska - Nowak R. , Polit J. , Sheregii E. , Nowak S. , Romerowicz - Misielak M.
Published: March 2018

The interaction between CdTe quantum dots (QDs) with human serum albumin (HSA) and human cell culture was studied by optical spectroscopy technique. Performed research explored the interaction between the CdTe QDs and HSA, and fluorescence imaging efficiency of the QD-HSA bioconjugates in comparison with colloidal QDs. The secondary structure of the HSA is similar to the native form, which suggests a biocompatibility of prepared bionanocomplex. The CdTe QD-HSA bionanoconjugate shows chemical stability in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) under ambient conditions, furthermore, it is stable in the cytoplasm and suitable for cell labeling, tracking, and other bioimaging applications. The CdTe QDs located in an osteosarcoma cancer cells show a high luminescence intensity. The light emission of the CdTe QDs connected with albumin is less than the pure QDs, but it is still satisfactory, and additionally it is stable and has long photoluminescence lifetime. It suggests, that the CdTe NC-HSA bionanocomplex can be used as a fluorescent probe for cell labeling, tracking, and other bioimaging applications.
Investigation of Band Structure of ZrNiSn1-xGax Semiconductor Solid Solution
Authors: Romaka L.P. , Stadnyk Yu.V. , Romaka V.V. , Krayovsky V.Ya. , Rogl P.-F. , Нoryn A.M.
Published: March 2018

The mechanism of simultaneous generation of donor-acceptor pairs in ZrNiSn1-xGax semiconductor solid solution is established. The modeled distribution of atoms in the crystal lattice of ZrNiSn1-xGax showed that the speed of movement of Fermi level εF, obtained from the band structure calculations is in agreement with experimental extracted from lnρ(1/T) dependencies. It is shown that with substitution of Sn (5s25p2) with Ga (4s24p1) atoms in 4b crystallographic site both acceptor and donor (vacancies in 4b site) defects are generated.
Investigation of the Effect of the Electron-Beam Crucible Zone Melting of Metallurgical Silicon on Refining and Structure Formation of Ingots
Authors: Gokhman O.R. , Asnis Yu.A. , Piskun N.V. , Statkevich I.I. , Velykoivanenko O.A. , Rozynka G.F. , Milenin A.S. , Babych V.M.
Published: March 2018

The paper presents the results of studies obtained with the development of the technology of electron-beam crucible impregnation of metallurgical silicon. It is shown that refining of silicon from background and dopant impurities in electron-beam crucible-free zone melting occurs by zone purification during melting and as a result of evaporation of impurities from the sample surface.  The mathematical model and computational experiment were been performed to determine the temperature gradient at different rates of zone melting. It was found the diapason of temperature gradients, which provides the columnar structure of crystallites and the purification of the samplesdue the melting with the zone recrystallization procedure. The level of the resistivity of the ingots increases at the end.
Effect of Electric Field on Energy Spectrum and Intersubband Absorption Coefficient of Electron in Spherical Multilayered Quantum dot CdSe/ZnS/CdSe
Authors: Holovatsky V.A. , Yakhnevych M.Y.
Published: March 2018

In this paper, the energy spectrum of electron and complete set of exact wave functions are obtained in the framework of effective mass approximation and rectangular potential barriers model for the CdSe/ZnS/CdSe nanostructure. Using the matrix method, the numeric calculations are performed for the electron energy spectrum as a function of electric field strength in multilayered quantum dot. It is shown that the electric field effects on the core electron in the ground state and causes its tunneling into the outer potential well. Thus, the overlap of wave functions varies essentially, influencing the dipole momentum of quantum transitions and light absorption coefficient.
The Influence of Step-By-Step Air Exposition of the Zr-Mn-Cr-Ni-V Alloy on Cycle Life
Authors: Solonin Yu.М. , Galiy O.Z. , Sameljuk A.V. , Romanowa L.О. , Graivoronska K.O.
Published: March 2018

In the course of the research it was determined that step-by-step air exposition of the Zr-Mn-Cr-Ni-V alloy (in the form of ingot and powder) facilitating the formation of concentration inhomogeneity significantly increases the cycle life of electrodes. An electrode compacted of step-by-step exposited ingot of the alloy demonstrates no loss of capacity during 190 cycles. With the decrease of porosity, caused by adding the nickel powder with significantly smaller particle size than that of particles of the alloy, or by increase of plasticizer content from 5 % to 10 %, the electrodes are being destroyed much sooner due to formation of more dense packing.Based on the polarization curves of the researched alloy and manganese that demonstrate similar electrochemical behavior in non-oxidized state and stability in oxidized state, the conclusion is made that the increased stability and, as a consequence, the cycle life of the air-exposited alloy is mainly achieved due to manganese which is stably passive in oxidized state.
Food's Ceramic Pot Source of Cadmium's Intoxication the Body Human
Authors: Babchuk L.R.
Published: March 2018

Heavy metal cadmium is classified to the World Health Organization to the most hazardous substances for human health. The aim is to study the food pottery as an object that can be a source of cadmium in the human body. The various kinds of food ceramic products, which may contain pigments based on cadmium compounds, are considered. It was found that the cadmium sulfide can be an integral part of underglaze or onglaze ceramic paints, glazes, ceramic mass and a chandelier. The most intense release of cadmium comes with glaze and paint ceramic mass and carries the greatest risk in respect of this heavy metal pollution of the human body. Process cadmium poisoning human bodycompounds can last for years, cadmium tends to accumulate in the body for a long time. Therefore, the use of externally beautiful, but the harmful chemical composition, color of ceramic tableware harmful to human health.