bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental studies on the treatment of streptococcal infections with hyperbaric oxygenation
Authors: Wolański Władysław , Ulewicz Kazimierz , Kierznikowicz Brunon
Published: December 2016

The article presents the results of research into the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on bacterial infections performed on an animal model. The studies were performed on Porton mice infected intraperitoneally with haemolysing streptococci and later subjected, over a 3-day period, to 5 exposures of hyperbaric oxygenation at a pressure of 2.8 ata. Depending on the research group, the treatment was commenced after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours from the moment of infection. Some of the animals died during the experiment.8 and 12 days from the date of infection, selected animals of each group were put to death and subjected to post mortem examination. A statistically significant positive effect of hyperbaric treatment on the survival rate, as well as on the development of complications (liver abscesses), was observed in those animals where the hyperbaric oxygenation was applied at an early stage. In groups where the therapy was initiated later, no positive effect was noted, and the complications tended to develop more rapidly.
Pilot-scale study of the radiation-induced silica removal from underground brackish water in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljohani Mohammed S.
Published: December 2016

Silica scaling deposition in industrial water systems is one of the biggest challenges facing the water treatment industry due the low solubility of the scalants in the feed waters. In this preliminary work, we investigated the effectiveness of the ionizing radiation induced removal of silica in water sample from the Salbukh, Saudi Arabia, water treatment plant by using metallic iron as the source of ferric hydroxide to co-precipitate the silica. The influence of several reaction parameters, i.e. iron powder dosage, radiation dose, initial pH and equilibrium pH effect were investigated. In the optimum conditions, up to 75% of silica was removed. This preliminary study showed that this environmentally friendly process is effective in silica removal from underground water.
Role of ABC transporters in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhao Yan , Hou Deren , Feng Xialu , Lin Fangbo , Luo Jing
Published: December 2016

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily is a large family of proteins that transport specific molecules across membranes. These proteins are associated with both cholesterol metabolism and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cholesterol homeostasis has a key role in AD, and ABC transporters are important mediators of lipid transportation. Emerging evidence suggests that decreased expression and hypofunction of ABC transporters are crucial to the occurrence and development of AD. In the present article, we review the current knowledge regarding ABC transporters and speculate on their role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Generalized partial linear varying multi-index coefficient model for gene-environment interactions
Authors: Liu Xu , Gao Bin , Cui Yuehua
Published: December 2016

Epidemiological studies have suggested the joint effect of simultaneous exposures to multiple environments on disease risk. However, how environmental mixtures as a whole jointly modify genetic effect on disease risk is still largely unknown. Given the importance of gene-environment (G×E) interactions on many complex diseases, rigorously assessing the interaction effect between genes and environmental mixtures as a whole could shed novel insights into the etiology of complex diseases. For this purpose, we propose a generalized partial linear varying multi-index coefficient model (GPLVMICM) to capture the genetic effect on disease risk modulated by multiple environments as a whole. GPLVMICM is semiparametric in nature which allows different index loading parameters in different index functions. We estimate the parametric parameters by a profile procedure, and the nonparametric index functions by a B-spline backfitted kernel method. Under some regularity conditions, the proposed parametric and nonparametric estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. We propose a generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) test to rigorously assess the linearity of the interaction effect between multiple environments and a gene, while apply a parametric likelihood test to detect linear G×E interaction effect. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is examined through simulation studies and is further illustrated through a real data analysis.
Subjektform ›Systemtheoretiker‹
Authors: Assmann David-Christopher
Published: December 2016

Conventionally, systems theory is not only considered to be a sociological approach that questions the empirical existence and importance of ›subjects‹ in social practices, but to have itself a decentralized, non-hierarchical, desubjectivated structure. Analysing texts and paratexts of its most famous author Niklas Luhmann, the article argues that specific forms of presenting sociological systems theory nonetheless lead to effects of subjectification
Inédit 2 (1984): Les universaux de la narrativité
Authors: Greimas Algirdas J. , Perron Paul
Published: December 2016

This lecture delivered at Victoria College, University of Toronto, concentrates on defining the status to be accorded to any universals. Underlining his desire that semiotics avoid epistemological dissensions and focus instead on establishing its effectiveness, Greimas recalls that he has adopted an “agnostic” constructivist stance and thus declined to affirm whether universals exist in the world or only in the mind. Following Hjelmslev’s middle way, he has identified a set of undefinable terms, then employed them to define each other in a coherent deductive axiomatic. Empirically, he distinguishes different kinds of universals. Absolutely necessary such terms include the interdependent concepts of description and relation. He further distinguishes between paradigmatic and syntagmatic universals. The former notably include the elementary category of the collective semantic universe, nature-culture, and that of the individual semantic universe, life-death. For his fundamental syntactic universal, Greimas declined to adopt the traditional propositional form comprising subject, copula, and predicate, and has opted instead for an alternative featuring a verbal kernel to which are articulated actants defined through grammatical cases. Semiotics identifies these and other hypothetical universals as metalinguistic terms which describe language and other systems of representation, and which define the conditions of their production and comprehension. In contrast to narratology, semiotics thus situates narrative universals within a comprehensive theory of meaning, with a goal to develop the bases of the human sciences in a manner parallel to the foundations of the life sciences.
Analysis of the Laminar Newtonian Fluid Flow Through a Thin Fracture Modelled as a Fluid-Saturated Sparsely Packed Porous Medium
Authors: Pažanin Igor , Siddheshwar Pradeep G.
Published: December 2016

In this article we investigate the fluid flow through a thin fracture modelled as a fluid-saturated porous medium. We assume that the fracture has constrictions and that the flow is governed by the prescribed pressure drop between the edges of the fracture. The problem is described by the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman model acknowledging the Brinkman extension of the Darcy law as well as the flow inertia. Using asymptotic analysis with respect to the thickness of the fracture, we derive the explicit higher-order approximation for the velocity distribution. We make an error analysis to comment on the order of accuracy of the method used and also to provide rigorous justification for the model.
Near Field Heat Transfer between Random Composite Materials: Applications and Limitations
Authors: Santiago Eva Yazmin , Esquivel-Sirvent Raul
Published: December 2016

We present a theoretical study of the limits and bounds of using effective medium approximations in the calculation of the near field radiative heat transfer between a composite system made of Au nanoparticles in a SiC host and an homogeneous SiC slab. The effective dielectric function of the composite slab is calculated using three different approximations: Maxwell-Garnett, Bruggeman, and Looyenga’s. In addition, we considered an empirical fit to the effective dielectric function by Grundquist and Hunderi. We show that the calculated value of the heat flux in the near field is dependent on the model, and the difference in the effective dielectric function is larger around the plasmonic response of the Au nanoparticles. This, in turn, accounts for the difference in the near field radiative heat flux. For all values of filling fractions, the Looyenga approximation gives a lower bound for the heat flux.
An Interview with Rakhshan Banietemad
Authors: Armatage Kay , Khosroshahi Zahra
Published: December 2016

Often described as one of Iran's premier film directors, Rakhshan Bani-Etemad is celebrated for her contribution to the country's cinema. She excels in representing contemporary situations, often in relation to the changing roles of women but also covering a broad spectrum of social issues, including war, poverty, domestic abuse, and class mobility. In her most recent film, Tales (2014), she seamlessly intersects seven different stories. In these narratives, Banietemad's most memorable women characters once again take the stage, reminding audiences of the historical and cultural significance of her previous films and how she has shaped the history of Iranian cinema in terms of the representation of women. Banietemad's characters embody a sense of nostalgia, in that women like Tooba (Golab Adineh), Nobar (Fatemah Motamed-Aria), and Sara (Baran Kosari) have become iconic. Yet in revisiting these characters, they are rewritten, re-described, and reinvigorated in dialogue with Iran's present. An oral history of Rakhshan Banietemad's career offers a rich lens into Iranian cinema and culture over nearly three decades.
Towards understanding the differences between reading on paper and screen
Authors: Gudinavičius Arūnas
Published: December 2016

Non-intrusive experimentation and measurements can be obtained from the latest neuroscience scanning techniques and technologies. Such technologies are now quite affordable and could possibly be used for the reading process research in information and communication sciences. The research experiment focuses on measuring the changes in attention while reading the text on different media (devices). The pilot experiment showed that cheap and easy to use brainwave measuring devices can be used for testing reading processes by measuring attention (concentration). The results revealed that a reading medium (device) affects the level of attention and suggested that less attention is needed to read from paper compared to any size or type of screen. Reading books (in a foreign language) can mostly be considered neutral on the attention level scale (slightly shifted towards 53 on a 1-100 scale).
Application of the generalized Kudryashov method to the Eckhaus equation
Authors: Arnous Ahmed H. H. , Mirzazadeh Mohammad
Published: December 2016

In this paper, the generalized Kudryashov method is presented to seek exact solutions of the Eckhaus equation. From these solutions, we can derive solitary wave solutions as a special case. The proposed method is direct, effective and convenient and can be applied to many nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.
Critical blow-up exponents for a nonlocal reaction-diffusion equation with nonlocal source and interior absorption
Authors: Zheng Jiashan
Published: December 2016

This paper is concerned with a nonlocal reaction-diffusion equation with the nonlocal source and interior absorption with Dirichlet conditions or Neumann conditions. We investigate the critical blow-up exponents of the problem by constructing adequate supersolutions and subsolutions. Moreover, we show that the blowup rate is the same as the corresponding ODE under the appropriate hypotheses.
Solvability of boundary value problem for second order impulsive differential equations with one-dimensional p-Laplacian on whole line
Authors: Liu Yuji
Published: December 2016

This paper is concerned with a class of boundary value problems of the impulsive differential equations with one-dimensional p-Laplacian on whole line with a nonCarathéeodory nonlinearity. Sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of solutions are established. Some examples are given to illustrate the main results.
Glucose sensor based on nanostructured carbon electrode with immobilized PQQ-containing glucose dehydrogenase: Construction, experimental study and mathematical modeling
Authors: Puida Mantas , Dabulytė - Bagdonavičienė Jurgita , Ivanauskas Feliksas , Razumas Valdemaras , Razumienė Julija , Šakinytė Ieva
Published: December 2016

Oxidized graphite (OG) has been prepared by carrying out the synthesis of graphene in the alkaline media using K3[Fe(CN)6] as the oxidizing agent. This synthesis protocol allowed us to obtain and further to apply the OG as an effective electrode material for the reagentless enzyme electrode in which electron transfer between electrode and enzyme active site proceeds directly, without any additional mediators. Direct electron transfer in this bioelectrocatalytic system has been achieved from the active site of pyrroloquinoline quinone-containing glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) to the nanostructurized carbon electrode surface. The numerical modeling of biosensor made possible to determine several structural and kinetic parameters of the sensor constructed. Our model of PQQ-GDH-based biosensor is built under three main assumptions. First, we assume that the electron transfer between enzyme active center and OG proceeds via the electron hopping mechanism, and therefore the rate of this reaction depends on the diffusion coefficient of an electron in OG layer. Second, enzyme is immobilized, and its diffusion coefficient is assumed to be zero. Finally, after the reaction with substrate, enzyme needs to be regenerated by the oxidized functionalities of OG.
Existence of solutions for second-order integral boundary value problems
Authors: Cui Yujun , Zou Yumei
Published: December 2016

In this paper, using a new comparison result and monotone iterative method, we consider the existence of solution of integral boundary value problem for second-order differential equation. To obtain corresponding results, we also discuss second order differential inequalities. The interesting point is that the one-sided Lipschitz constant is related to the first eigenvalues corresponding to the relevant operators.
On comparison of the estimators of the Hurst index and the diffusion coefficient of the fractional Gompertz diffusion process
Authors: Kubilius Kęstutis , Melichov Dmitrij
Published: December 2016

We study some estimators of the Hurst index and the diffusion coefficient of the fractional Gompertz diffusion process and prove that they are strongly consistent and most of them are asymptotically normal. Moreover, we compare the asymptotic behavior of these estimators with the aid of computer simulations.
СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЕ ИНСТИТУТА УКРАИНСКОЙ АДВОКАТУРЫ ВО ВРЕМЕНА КИЕВСКОЙ РУСИ И В ПЕРИОД ПОЛЬСКО-ЛИТОВСКОГО ПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Заборовский Виктор Викторович
Published: December 2016

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PRECEDENTINIŲ VARDŲ AKTUALIZACIJA REKLAMOJE
Authors: Amankevičiūtė Simona
Published: December 2016

Šio straipsnio objektas – precedentinių vardų sklaida reklamoje. Precedentinių vardų aktualizavi­mo reklamoje ypatybės aptariamos pasitelkus empirinę medžiagą: reklamą, kurios vaizde ar tekste aktualizuojamos precedentinėmis laikytinos asmenybės. Vienas precedentinių fenomenų erdvės elementų – precedentinis vardas (PV) – individualus, glaudžiai sietinas su plačiai žinomu tekstu ar precedentine situacija. PV atstovauja savo rūšies ženklui, vartosenoje precedentiniu vardu atkrei­piamas dėmesys į diferencinius jo požymius. Straipsnyje apžvelgiama ir įvertinama obsceniška PV atribucijos raiška reklamoje, apžvelgiamos su PV aktualizacija sietinos socialinės stigmos ir me­tasmurto sąvokos ir analizuojami teigiamo ir neigiamo ženklo asmenybių aktualizacijos reklamoje pranašumai bei trūkumai. Remiantis vaizdo eksploatacijos viešajame diskurse teorija (Baudrillard), daroma prielaida, kad visos reklamos, kuriose aktualizuojami itin neigiamą invariantą turintys PV, priskirtinos obsce­niškoms, kryptingai siekiančioms šokiruoti. Remiantis asocijuotosios stigmos (Goffman) sąvoka, aptariama neigiamą invariantą turinčio PV aktualizacijos įtaka pristatomo produkto įvaizdžiui. Teoriškai obscenišku straipsnyje laikomas kiekvienas PV aktualizacijos reklamoje atvejis (PV pasirinkimas reklamos subjektu visuomet – galimas, bet nebūtinas), tačiau įvertinimas priklauso nuo konkretaus reklamos pavyzdžio. Reklamoje aktualizuotino PV pasirinkimas – subtilus dalykas: aktualizuota neigiamą invariantą turinti asmenybė gali papiktinti auditoriją ir pakenkti produkto įvaizdžiui, teigiamą invariantą turinčios asmenybės aktualizacija taip pat gali sukelti neigiamą adresato reakciją, nes gerbiama asmenybė dažniausiai nuasmeninama iki stereotipinės karikatūros. Istorinės asmenybės reklamoje aktualizuojamos dažniau nei amžininkai, išimtis – politikai, kurie reklamoje šaržuojami, vaizduojami nekorektiškai ir nepagarbiai. Neigiamą invariantą turintį PV reklamoje renkamasi dažniausiai: tokia aktualizacija pernelyg nepapiktins auditorijos, tačiau asociacija su neigiamą invariantą turinčiu PV gali pakenkti produkto įvaizdžiui. Apibendrinant reklamos adresanto poziciją, teigtina, kad reklamos objekto ir subjekto loginio ryšio stoka, netinkamas rekla­mos personažų (PV) pasirinkimas, pernelyg didelis supaprastinimas ir adresato gebėjimo atpažinti PV nuvertinimas liudija menką kūrėjų kompetenciją aktualizuoti PV.
BŪDO PRIEVEIKSMIŲ POZICIJA ANGLŲ, ISPANŲ IR LIETUVIŲ KALBOSE: TEKSTYNO TYRIMAS
Authors: Dičpinigaitytė Aušra , Korostenskienė Julija
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje tiriama šešių būdo prieveiksmių pozicija anglų, ispanų ir lietuvių kalbose. Remiamasi generatyvinės sintaksės metodologija, pagal kurią prieveiksmis sintaksiniame medyje yra laikomas viena stabiliausių kalbos dalių, padedančių nusakyti veiksmažodžio poziciją sakinyje. Taip pat remia­masi Anne Rochette (1990) prieveiksmių klasifikacija, pagal kurią prieveiksmiai gali užimti vieną ar kelias iš šių pozicijų: pradinę (angl. initial), už veiksmažodžio grupės ribų (angl. VP-external/ Aux) arba veiksmažodžio grupės viduje (angl. VP-internal). Tekstyno duomenų tyrimas atskleidė, jog žemiausią vietą prieveiksmių hierarchijoje užimantys anglų kalbos prieveiksmiai well ir fast ne visada eina veiksmažodžio grupės viduje, bet gali eiti ir prieš veiksmažodį, tai leidžia manyti, kad jie gali būti ir aukštesnę vietą sakinio narių hierarchijoje užimantys vienetai. Taip pat buvo pastebėta, jog būdo prieveiksmiai ispanų ir lietuvių kalbose kartais užima skirtingas pozicijas sakinyje nei jų angliški atitikmenys ir todėl priklauso skirtingoms prieveiksmių klasėms. Pavyzdžiui, anglų ir ispanų kalbų prieveiksmiai priklauso IV prieveiksmių klasei, o lietuvių kalbos atitikmenų pozicija sakinyje leidžia juos priskirti I klasei. Straipsnyje pabrėžiama, kad anglų ir is­panų kalbų prieveiksmiai dažniausiai eina tik dviejose pozicijose, t. y. iš karto prieš veiksmažodžio grupę ir jos viduje. Lietuvių kalboje prieveiksmių pozicinė įvairovė yra didžiausia, kuri, manytina, yra susijusi su perteikiamos informacijos kalbančiojo požiūriu svarba.
APIE KAI KURIAS KONFLIKTINĖS KOMUNIKACIJOS TAKTIKAS
Authors: Kirejeva Jelena
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama žmogiškoji interakcija per konfliktą, nes būtent konfliktas yra suvokiamas kaip neatsiejama ir prigimtinė žmogiškosios egzistencijos dalis. Tyrimo tikslas yra atpažinti tam tikras konfliktinės komunikacijos taktikas ir jų kalbinės raiš­kos priemones anglų ir rusų homo loquens (liet. kalbantis žmogus), įtraukto į konfliktinę situaciją, kalbėjime. Tirti pasirinktos šiuolaikinės anglų ir rusų dramos, kuriose analizuojami konfliktai ir juose pasitaikančios konfliktinės komunikacijos taktikos. Tiriamos in-yer-face teatro atstovų Marko Ravenhillo, Philipo Ridley’io ir Davido Ridley’io dramos, taip pat naujosios dramos atstovo Ivano Vyrypajevo dramos. Drama kaip tyrimo medžiaga vertinga tuo, kad joje tiksliai ir išsamiai perteikiamos žmogiškosios tarpusavio sąveikos ypatybės ir atskleidžiama interaktantų bendravimo kultūra. Nepaisant bendrų bruožų, būdingų in-yer-face teatrui ir naujajai dramai, matyti, kad in­teraktantai išsaugo gebėjimą atskleisti savo priklausomybę skirtingoms kultūroms ir skirtingomis vertybių sistemomis. Pagrindinis dėmesys straipsnyje yra sutelktas į taktikas, sukeliančias konfliktinę komunikaciją ir įspėjančias apie interaktantų tikslų ar jų mentalinių reprezentacijų nesutapimą. Tyrimas remiasi Geoffrey’io Leecho mandagumo principu ir maksimomis, kurios jį sudaro, taip pat Penelope’ės Brown and Stepheno Levinsono negatyviojo ir pozityviojo mandagumo sąvokomis. Straipsnyje prieinama prie išvados, kad rusų homo loquens dažniausiai pažeidžia pritarimo (angl. approbation), neišreikštos nuomonės (angl. opinion-reticence) ir takto (angl. tact) maksimas, tai suvokiama kaip konfliktinę komunikaciją sukelianti taktika, o anglų homo loquens, įspėjantis apie savo ketinimą pradėti konfliktą, rečiau pažeidžia takto maksimą, bet taip pat, kaip ir rusų homo loquens, nepaiso pritarimo ir neišreikštos nuomonės maksimų. Maksimų pažeidimas prade­da konfliktinę komunikaciją ir sukelia grėsmę tiek anglų, tiek rusų homo loquens pozityviajam ir negatyviajam mandagumui.
APIE KAI KURIAS LIETUVIŲ KALBOS VEIKSMAŽODŽIŲ PRIEŠDĖLIŲ YPATYBES
Authors: Korostenskienė Julija
Published: December 2016

Šiame straipsnyje lietuvių kalbos veiksmažodžio priešdėliai tirti remiantis Peterio Svenonio meto­dologija. Lietuvių kalbos priešdėliai pasižymi tuo, kad juose sangrąžos dalelytė -si- juda iš veiksma­žodžio galo į poziciją tarp priešdėlio ir veiksmažodžio, tačiau tokia sangrąžos vieta bei priežastys, kodėl sangrąža nekyla virš tam tikros ribos sintaksiniame medyje, lieka neaiškios.Straipsnyje pirmiausia atskleidžiamas frazinis visų lietuvių kalbos veiksmažodžio priešdėlių statusas. Toliau, taikant Svenonio kriterijus, priešdėliai suskirstomi į dvi grupes: leksinius ir super­leksinius priešdėlius. Leksiniai priešdėliai kilo iš prielinksnių: jie gali suteikti tiek tiesioginę, tiek perkeltinę reikšmę. Superleksiniai priešdėliai kilo iš dalelyčių: jie gali eiti prieš leksinius priešdėlius sintaksiniame medyje, o jų perteikiama reikšmė nebūna perkeltinė. Remiantis Aleco Marantzo (1988) idiomos konstravimo principu, parodoma, kad sintaksiniame medyje leksiniai priešdėliai atsiran­da (angl. merge) po veiksmažodžio, tačiau juda į poziciją prieš veiksmažodį, kad įgautų rezultato reikšmę, o superleksiniai priešdėliai atsiranda prieš veiksmažodį. Skirtinga priešdėlių atsiradimo vieta paaiškina sangrąžos vietą veiksmažodžio struktūroje: sangrąža visuomet lieka veiksmažodžio komplekso viduje kaip fizinis veiksnio pėdsakas (angl. trace).
L’HORIZON DE L’ÉVÈNEMENT : UN CONSTRUIT CULTUROMETRIQUE EMERGENT EXPLIQUANT LES INEGALITES DE RESULTATS ACADEMIQUES DE DIFFERENTES CULTURES DANS LE MEME SYSTÈME EDUCATIF
Authors: Boufoy-Bastick Béatrice
Published: December 2016

Pourquoi des élèves de différents groupes culturels qui partagent le même système éducatif montrent-ils des différences notoires de résultats académiques ? Ces différences de résultats entre groupes culturels dans un même système éducatif s’est avéré un perpétuel problème affrontant nos intentions liminaires d’équité et méritocratie que de nombreuses solutions proposées n’ont réussi à résoudre. Certaines cultures sont-elles génétiquement plus intelligentes que d’autres ? Certains groupes bénéficient-ils d’avantages matériels leur permettant de faire meilleure utilisation de l’éducation offerte ? C’est une histoire sans cesse répétée d’avantage socio-culturel versus d’exploitation socio-culturelle. Cet article explore les différences culturelles qui semblent influer sur les résultats académiques en utilisant le contexte éducatif des îles Fidji. Il introduit le construit méthodologique de l’Horizon de l’évènement pour éclairer, notamment, les différences en didactique des langues. Partant du constat que les pratiques pédagogiques sont culturellement définies, il montre comment l’interprétation et l’opérationnalisation d’un même curriculum d’anglais langue seconde prescrit par le Ministère de l’éducation par deux groupes ethniques culturellement dissemblables, les Fidjiens autochtones et les Indo-fidjiens, produit des résultats académiques notoirement différenciés ; cet écart s’explique par leurs attentes éducatives différentes associées à leurs différents Horizons de l’évènement.
MIŠRUSIS ANGLŲ KALBOS MOKYMAS (-IS) UNIVERSITETE
Authors: Darginavičienė Irena , Janulienė Aušra
Published: December 2016

Šiame straipsnyje analizuojamas paplitęs XXI amžiuje mišrusis mokymasis, kuris leidžia derinti in­ternetinį bei klasikinį mokymą (-si) auditorijoje. Straipsnyje aprašomas tyrimas analizuoja studentų požiūrį į internetinių užduočių integravimą į anglų kalbos mokymo seminarus auditorijoje. Tyrimui parengtas specialus klausimynas pagal mokslinių anketų sudarymo metodiką, smulkiai aprašytą literatūroje (Dornyei, 2010). Tyrime dalyvavę respondentai yra trijų skirtingų specialybių univer­siteto studentai, kurie mokosi specialybės anglų kalbos. Darbe pateikiami respondentų teigiamų ir neigiamų atsakymų dažniai, kurie analizuojami taikant statistinius metodus. Reikia pažymėti, kad ne visi studentai pozityviai vertina e-mokymą (-si). Tokiam respondentų požiūriui įtaką gali daryti asmeniniai polinkiai ir pomėgiai. Statistinis tyrimo duomenų apdorojimas, panaudojant socialinių mokslų statistinės analizės ir duomenų apdorojimo programinę įrangą (SPSS), leidžia nustatyti rezultatų patikimumą. Cronbach Alpha koeficientų reikšmės lygūs 0,985 teigiamų atsakų atveju ir lygūs 0,784 neigiamų atsakų atveju. Tai rodo, kad gauti duomenys yra patikimi. Pearson-o korelia­cijos koeficientų skaičiavimai parodė, kad egzistuoja tiesioginiai ryšiai tarp skirtingų specializacijų studentų atsakų, ir jų tikimybės sudaro 95% arba 99% esant reikšmingumo koeficientų vertėms 0,05 arba 0,01. Tokie rezultatai yra priimtini atliekant tyrimus socialinių mokslų srityje, nes sutinkamai su statistikos dėsniais aiškiai demonstruoja, kad, nepaisant esamų palyginti nedidelių imčių dydžių, rezultatus galima taikyti esant didelės imties dydžiui.
THE PHONOLOGICAL ILLUSION: THE QUALITY AND NUMBER OF EPENTHETIC VOWELS
Authors: Mel Gerda Ana
Published: December 2016

Adult speakers tend to have difficulties in perceiving non-native sequences of sounds as their percep­tion is influenced by the features of their L1 phonological system. For example, previous studies have shown that Japanese speakers perceptually insert an illusory vowel /u/ in consonant clusters, which are phonotoctically illegal structures in Japanese. While the phenomenon of phonological illusion also occurs in other languages, such as Brazilian Portuguese or Korean, the epenthetic vowels have been shown to be language-specific. Despite these findings, many questions concerning the number of illusory vowels possible in a language and their quality remain open. In this study we will present recent work on the topic and provide a critical comparison of those findings, concentrating on the role of context-sensitivity in the determination of the features of the illusory vowel.
HUMORISTINIAI POLITIZUOTO DISKURSO ASPEKTAI KONCEPTUALIOJO BLENDINGO ASPEKTU
Authors: Vengalienė Dovilė
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje siekiama aptarti humoristinius politizuoto diskurso aspektus remiantis moksliniu konceptualiojo blendingo mechanizmo modeliu (sukurtu M. Turner ir G. Fauconnier). Tiriant politizuotą Lietuvos diskursą prieš ir porinkiminiu laikotarpiu Lietuvoje, pastebima, jog tiek patys įvykiai, tiek juose dalyvaujantys politikai dažnai yra implikatyviai vertinami juos pajuoki­ant. Straipsnyje daroma prielaida, kad ironija, ar humoras apskritai, neretai yra konceptualiojo blendingo rezultatas. Nors pripažįstama, jog tokie okazionalieji dariniai neturi (ar retai turi) potencialą įgyti neologizmų statusą ir įeiti į kalbos žodyną, visgi humoristiniai blendai neabetinai yra neatsiejama lingvistinio Lietuvos politikos peizažo dalis leidžianti giliau pažinti tiek soci­alinius, tiek kognytyviuosius procesus mūsų kalboje. Tyrimo laukas straipsnyje susiaurinamas apsiribojant morfologinio lygmens tyrimu, aptariant mentalinių įvesties erdvių ir struktūrinių mechanizmų įvairovę, bei pasiūlant įžvalgas apie morfologinio lygmens konceptualiojo blen­dingo tendencijas. Atliekant analizę remiamasi A. Lehrer, S. T. Gries, M. Kelly, E. Bakaradze moksliniais tyrimais, tačiau pastebima, jog humoristinis Lietuvos diskursas morfologiniame lygmenyje vadovaujasi ir tokiomis konceptualiojo blendingo struktūromis, kurios nėra aptaria­mos minėtųjų mokslininkų darbuose. Tai, pirmiausia, galėtų būti siejama su tuo, jog pajuokian­tiems, vertinamąjį požiūrį išreiškiantiems blendams skirtų tyrimų mokslinėje literatūroje nėra. Tačiau reikia pastebėti ir tai, jog mūsų kalboje vykstantys konceptualieji procesai yra įtakojami ir mūsų specifinės kalbinės aplinkos (pvz., siekiant pajuokti nepopuliarų rusakalbį politiką į konceptualiąją struktūrą gali būti įvedami elementai turintys fonologinų rusų kalbos bruožų). Straipsnyje pabrėžiamas konceptualiojo blendingo procesams būdingas kūrybiškumas, o tyrimo įžvalgos ir keliamos idėjos grindžiamos gausiais pavyzdžiais iš populiarių žiniatinklių (delfi.lt, lrytas.lt, ir kt.) antraščių, straipsnių ir komentarų.
Gaussian clarification based on sign function
Authors: Medel José De Jesús , Espinosa-Santiago Mario , Fernández-Muñoz José Luis
Published: December 2016

Este artículo presenta un modelo de clarificación en el sentido difuso basado en la función de membresía inversa como proceso de identificación para un sistema tipo caja negra con Una Entrada y Una Salida (UEUS). La función signo y su derivada para la función gaussiana, permite la descripción matemática del estado a identificar. Específicamente, la función signo aplica la diferencia entre los valores absolutos de la variable de estado y su centroide, en vez de la desigualdad del triángulo. El resultado teórico estuvo aplicado en Matlab®, usando como valores de referencia a los resultados del modelo Auto-Regresivo de Promedios Móviles (ARPM) (1, 1); permitiendo la clarificación y su convergencia en casi todos los puntos a la señal de referencia con diferentes condiciones iniciales entre ellos. La convergencia de forma ilustrativa se describió por el funcional del error a través del segundo momento de probabilidad usando el mismo software.
Desarrollo, construcción y pruebas de una cocina-calentador de bajo costo y alta eficiencia energética para biomasas de reducido poder calorífico
Authors: Delgado Pérez Reinaldo , Roldan Luis Velasco , Onofa-Cuichán Eduardo , Armas-Figueroa Estefanía
Published: December 2016

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud [1], 3.000.000 millones de personas cocinan y calientan sus hogares con fuegos abiertos y cocinas en los que queman biomasa y carbón vegetal, situándose una buena parte de ellas en climas fríos con muy limitada biodiversidad vegetal y por lo tanto exiguos recursos energéticos. Por ello el objetivo de la presente investigación ha sido dar respuesta a la necesidad de calentamiento de agua y el acondicionamiento térmico de viviendas situadas en climas fríos, teniendo en cuenta el limitado desarrollo industrial y tecnológico local. Este calentador vertical se compone de tres cámaras: una cámara de combustión, un intercambiador de calor y una cámara de secado de la biomasa por convección natural. Las pruebas realizadas demuestran que la eficiencia global de la caldera/cocina se sitúa en torno al 80%, presentando valores de eficiencia en la cocción de un 30% mayores a otros prototipos de cocinas mejoradas, disminuyendo el tiempo de ebullición un 68% y ahorrando un 34% de combustible y obteniendo 150 litros de agua caliente a una temperatura superior a 40ºC procedente de la recuperación de calor.
Procedimiento para el análisis energético de sistemas de bombeo centrífugos
Authors: Socorro Santos Acevedo Manoel , De Leon Benitez Carlos A. , Cabral Leite Jandecy , Perez Abril Ignacio
Published: December 2016

El renovado interés por el uso eficiente de la energía, ha hecho que el empleo del control de velocidad por variación de frecuencia para la regulación del flujo en sistemas de bombeo, se haya convertido en la actualidad en la opción más atractiva con este fin, lo cual hace que sea preciso obtener con la mayor precisión posible el ahorro de energía en comparación con otros medios mecánicos utilizados con este objetivo. En este trabajo se desarrolla un procedimiento matemático que permite reducir las limitaciones de aplicación de las leyes de afinidad en sistemas con elevada carga estática inicial, para el cálculo de los potenciales de ahorro cuando son empleados estos accionamientos.
Technical and economic study of striking and clearing operations in buildings under construction. Case study in Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Alvarado Vargas Yezid Alexander , Perez Gomez Maria Isabel , Castellanos Reyes John Alexis , Gasch Molina Isabel
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo evalúa el beneficio económico de la aplicación del Nuevo Procedimiento Simplificado (NPS), reflejado en los plazos de construcción en edificaciones de entrepisos sucesivos. El edificio de referencia corresponde a un edificio residencial resuelto con pórticos y entrepisos en una dirección, de concreto reforzado ubicado en la ciudad de Bogotá. Las fases desarrolladas en cumplimiento del objetivo planteado, constaron de una caracterización de los componentes, el estudio de distintas alternativas para determinar la transmisión de cargas entre entrepisos y puntales, y una revisión de los precios de alquiler de equipo auxiliar y personal del edificio de referencia. Aplicando dicho procedimiento se realizó una evaluación económica de los plazos obtenidos en cada una de las operaciones estudiadas. Se destaca que el análisis del proceso constructivo de la estructura de la edificación empleando el NPS permite lograr ahorros considerables en la ejecución de la edificación sin poner en riesgo la integridad de la estructura.
Thermoablatiós lehetőségek a benignus térfoglaló képletek gyógyításában
Authors: Deák Pál Ákos , Korda Dávid Ádám , Doros Attila
Published: December 2016

Abstract:

Introduction: Depending on their size and location, some benign tumors can cause prolonged discomfort and even rupture and fatal bleeding in severe cases. Hitherto the therapeutic strategies for such lesions were observation, surgery and in selected cases transarterial embolization. Aim: Our aim was to present the possibilities of thermoablation for treating lesions. Method: Here we present interventions of four patients in Semmelweis University Department of Transplantation and Surgery. A thyroid adenoma and a kidney angiomyolipoma were treated with radiofrequency ablation. Two patients with a liver haemangioma were treated with microwave thermoablation technique. Results: Complications were not observed in any of the cases. In most cases, the size of the treated lesions decreased. The mean decrease in volume was 32.7%. The contrast enhancement of the lesions also decreased, the mean reduction in contrast enhancing volume was 75.3%. Conclusions: Thermoablational procedures for the benign tumors presented above are safe. The therapy shows excellent cosmetic results, a shorter hospital stay and quicker recovery. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(51), 2040–2047.
Járvány után – járvány előtt. Bronchiolitis előfordulása a Bács-Kiskun Megyei Kórház Csecsemő- és Gyermekosztályán
Authors: Ábel Zsófia , Budinkity Bernadett , Svorenj Gábor , Tálosi Gyula
Published: December 2016

Abstract:

Introduction: Bronchiolitis may cause severe respiratory insufficiency in infants and toddlers. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is its most frequent infective agent. Aim and method: The authors surveyed the incidence of bronchiolitis during the last 6 seasons, examined the epidemic of the 2014/15 season and compared the groups of RSV positive and negative patients. RSV was tested with a quick essay. Anamnestic data, clinical and laboratory parameters were compared. Results: 72 patients were treated with bronchiolitis. RSV test was performed in 61 cases. There were 36 RSV positive and 25 RSV negative patients. There was a high proportion of prematurely born patients (33% versus 18%, respectively). RSV positive children, who required intensive care therapy, were treated significantly longer at the ICU. No further significant difference was found. Conclusions: The 2014/15 bronchiolitis season was heavy and may be instructive before the 2016/17 season. Beside supportive care prevention (passive immunization of the risk groups) is important. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(51), 2034–2039.
The effect of low LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation to catalase activity of wistar’s submandibular gland
Authors: Putri Nevy T. , Sarianoferni Sarianoferni , Wahjuningsih Endah
Published: December 2016

Intraoral periapical radiograph examination is the additional examination which is the most widely used in Dentistry. This radiograph examination using an x-ray ionizing radiation with low LET (Linear Energy Transfer), and may affect submandibular salivary gland. Ionizing radiation exposure can cause damage by inducing a series of changes at the molecular and cellular level. This study aimed to prove the effects of x-ray ionizing radiation with low LET towards the catalase activity of Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar’s submandibular gland. The subjects were 28 male Wistar rats and divided into 4 groups (n=7). Three groups were exposed 4, 8 and 14 times to radiation with 0.002 µSv for each exposure. The catalase activity of each rat was examined by a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test. The results showed the average of catalase activity on Wistar rat’s submandibular gland, respectively for: 0.150±0.0895 (KK), 0.1405±0.0607 (K1), 0.1228±0.0290 (K2), 0.1227±0.0556 (K3). Data showed significant differences of catalase activity between test groups, but showed not significant differences of catalase activity between each groups of Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar’s submandibular gland. In this study concluded decreased catalase activity of Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar’s submandibular gland resulting from x-rays ionizing radiation by 4 times, 8 times and 14 times exposures.
Differences in effectiveness of water steeping from green tea leaf and black tea leaf as hemostasis effect on wound cut-tail mice (mus musculus)
Authors: Hasan Hasmawati , Raharja Wenni
Published: December 2016

Tooth extraction is a simple procedure that is frequently performed in the practice of dentistry. Bleeding is a common complications of tooth extraction. There are several materials or methods that may be used to control the bleeding. To minimize side effect, it might need natural ingredients as a replacement. Tannin and flavonoid is a compounds that can reduce bleeding time. Green tea and black tea are plants that have these compounds with different concentrations. Aims of this study is to determine the differences in the effectiveness of water steeping green tea leaves and black tea leaves as a hemostasis effect on wound cut-tail mice (Mus musculus). This is an experimental research with study design post-test only control group design. Samples were 30 male mice which divided into three groups. One negative control group (aquadest) and two treatment group (green tea and black tea). Mice that match the criteria is cutted the tail equal to 3 mm from the tip of the tail, then the ingredients is applied to the wound. Blood is dripped on absorbent paper until bleeding stop and data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis. There are significant differences between negative control group and the treatment group. In the treatment groups there were significant differences in the bleeding time between green tea group and black tea group. As a conclusion, water steeping from green tea leaves have a better effect than black leaves tea as hemostasis on wound cut-tail mice.
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in oral and maxillofacial infection with upper airway obstruction due to retropharyngeal abscess a case report
Authors: Kurniawan Irsan , Nurwiadh Agus , Lukman Kiki
Published: December 2016

Left untreated or not properly managed odontogenic infection can cause spreading into facial spaces. Severe oral and maxillofacial infection can spread systemically and cause sepsis.1 Sepsis can induce unfavorable condition for the kidney, which is Acute Kidney Injury (AKI).2,3 The aim of this paper is to report a rare case of an oral and maxillofacial  infection with sepsis-induced AKI and upper airway obstruction which have high mortality rate. The standard treatment consists of proper monitoring of vital function, fluid resuscitation, drainage of accumulated purulence, empirical use of antibiotics chosen to cover the spectrum of potential pathogens until culture results are available, and supplemental oxygen.1,4 This is a case report of  a 48 year old female patient with oral and maxillofacial infection suffers sepsis-induced AKI and upper airway  obstruction. This patient was diagnosed as right submandibular abscess  which has extended into right buccal space, with sepsis, stage I AKI, and upper airway obstruction due to retropharyngeal abscess. We managed this patient with oxygenation, fluid resuscitation, antibiotics and analgesic administration, incision and drainage, and also extraction of mandibular right third molar. Tracheostomy, incision and drainage of retropharyngeal abscess were supposed to be performed by ENT department, but the patient refused. However the patient still survived. In case of oral and maxillofacial infection, the involvement of distant organ should be investigated, because this conditions result in high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important and able to lead to a better survival.
Interdisciplinarity defines our identity as medical educators
Authors: Corrigan M , Johnston JL , Reid H , Thomson C
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Medical education is a broad church. As a young interdisciplinary group of educationalists we discuss some aspects of the relevance of interdisciplinarity to medical education, using our own experiences as exemplars.
The reaction of some winter wheat variety at cultivation in the conservative system in the Transylvanian Plain area
Authors: Chetan Felicia , Chetan Cornel , Moraru Ioana Paula , Simon Alina
Published: December 2016

Introduction: In Europe between wheat cultivators countries, Romania ranks fifth with an area of 2.07 million hectares with a production of 7.45 million tonnes and production obtained is just 3601 kg /ha (www.ager.press.ro).Aims: Through the experience realised at ARDS Turda we follow the behavior of native varieties grȃu autumn, compared ȋn varieties of foreign origin, to make recommendations on their pretability to different systems of culture and levels of fertilization.Materials and Method: The experiment realized at the ARDS Turda, includes two ways to work the soil, a classic conventional system (with autumn ploughing, land preparation, sowing and fertilized) in parallel with the conservative ("no-tillage” with stubble crop directly into the preemergent plant). Experimental factors: A - soil tillage system; B - winter wheat variety; C - fertilization.Results: Of the eight winter wheat varieties, in the experiment is remarkable the variety Capo    that registered highest values of the gluten content at the level of fertilization c2, c3 and c4 at cultivation in both work systems (classic and “no tillage”). At most varieties, the highest protein content is at the c2 level of fertilization, except Capo and Exotic that react the best at c3 level of fertilization, in the system "no tillage". Conclusion: The winter wheat  indigenous Andrada, Dumbrava, Arieşan and line T-29-04 and cultivar Renan (Limagrain) reacts most favorable in  gluten content at level of  fertilization c2 (at sowing 250 kg/ ha NPK 20: 20: 0 + resumption spring vegetation ȋn 214 kg/ ha ammonium nitrate).The productions obtained at all varieties wheat,  is not existlarge quantitative differences (200-700 kg/ha differences), but  variety Apache, Exotic, Ariesan and Dumbrava had reached over 7,400 kg / ha. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNCS – UEFISCDI, project number PN-II-RU-TE-2014-4-0884.  References*** www.ager.press.ro
TheInfluence of Extruded Feed with a high Protein Level Upon the Bioproductive Performances Obtained on the Rainbow Trout Females (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Boaru Mihaela Ancuta , Mierlita Daniel , Georgescu Bogdan , El-Mahdy Cristina
Published: December 2016

The succes ofartificial reproduction in the rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss), the development of gonads and the results obtained at incubation are significantly affected by the feeding of the breeders. The use of quality sexual  products is decisive for the assurance of the production of viable larvae and further of the estimated fish production, so that in addition to the assurance of optimal environmental parameters, the proper feeding of the breeders is required. Starting from the current stage of knowledge in the field,the main objective of the working paperwas to highlight the way the differentiatedfeeding of the rainbow trout females (Oncorhynchus mykiss) influences their growth and development. The extruded peeled feed with a high protein level upon theegg weightand the gonosomatic index were followed. The extruded peeled feed with 53% protein proved to be highly effective, materialized trough high growth performances, a better conversion and the growth of gonadal  weight.
A new record of Ratan goby - Ponticola ratan (Nordmann, 1840) (Pisces: Gobiidae) in the Black Sea, Romanian coastal waters
Authors: Cocan Daniel , Otel Vasile , Latiu Calin , Miresan Vioara
Published: December 2016

In August 2015 we managed to capture a specimen of ratan goby (Ponticola ratan) in the Romanian coastal waters of the Black Sea, near the locality of Sf. Gheorghe (Tulcea County). This is the 7-th signaling for this species in Romanian coastal waters. The previous 6 specimens were recorded in the period 1960-1993, between Mangalia (Constanţa County) and Sulina (Tulcea County). The species was identified by means of meristic characters (number of scales on medial line, number of spiny and soft rays), and morphological particularities (cycloid scales on the nape area and pectoral fin joint). Also, the measurements made, confirmed that the ratio between the head length and total length, which was 33% (TL=8.70 cm vs. Head Length=2.61cm). Another morphological character, specific to this species, is the lower jaw, which exceeds in length the upper jaw. Being a Ponto-Caspian endemite, with low population along the Bulgarian and Romanian coastline, we considered it important to point out this new record. Noting that, being known the trend of sporadic migration of this species, would not be excluded that global warming causes a shift from its normal distribution area, from northern and northeastern (Black Sea) to south-west. Therefore, future research may bring more notifications regarding this species in south-western area of the Black Sea