bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jenis, Bentuk, dan cara penjenjangan koperasi
Authors: sari Ayu Puspita
Published: April 2022

Koperasi adalah badan usaha yang beranggotakan orang seorang atau badan hukum koperasi dengan melandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip koperasi sekaligus sebagai gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasar atas asas kekeluargaan.Koperasi juga bagian dari tata susunan ekonomi, hal ini berarti bahwa dalam kegiatannya koperasi turut mengambil bagian bagi tercapainya kehidupan ekonomi yang sejahtera, baik bagi orang-orang yang menjadi anggota perkumpulan itu sendiri maupun untuk masyarakat di sekitarnya. Koperasi sebagai perkumpulan untuk kesejahteraan bersama, melakukan usaha dan kegiatan di bidang pemenuhan kebutuhan bersama dari para anggotannya.
INFLASI DAN PENGANGGURAN DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Amalia Muhlisatul
Published: April 2022

Secara umum inflasi berarti kenaikan tingkat harga secara umum dari barang/komoditas dan jasa selama suatu periode waktu tertentu. Definisi inflasi oleh para ekonom modern adalah kenaikan yang menyeluruh dari jumlah uang yang harus dibayarkan (nilai unit perhitungan moneter) terhadap barangbarang/komoditas dan jasa.
Resume teori nilai guna (utility)
Authors: Wanda
Published: April 2022

Teori Perilaku konsumen adalah teori yang mempelajari tentang proses dan aktivitas ketika seseorang berhubungan dengan pencarian, pemilihan, pembelian, penggunaan, serta pengevaluasian produk dan jasa demi memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan.
Individual differences in mathematical cognition: a Bert's eye view
Authors: De Smedt Bert
Published: April 2022

The developmental literature has revealed a wide variety of factors that correlate with individual differences in mathematical cognition. These factors have been classified along the simple distinction between domain-specific and domain-general factors. Here, I review a series of recent meta-analyses that have summarized the existing evidence for each of the factors separately. These factors all correlate to a similar extent with individual differences. These correlations are similar in specific populations, such as dyscalculia. The relative contributions of these factors remain after some control for other factors. A nascent body of evidence suggests that these associations between domain-specific/domain-general factors and mathematical performance are bi-directional. Future studies should therefore investigate these factors in concert through carefully designed longitudinal studies.
TEORI NILAI GUNA
Authors: paradiba Fadila
Published: April 2022

catatan tugas resume ekonomi mikro tentang teori nilai guna
Elevated MLLT10 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia; translocated to 10, MLLT10, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. MLLT10 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that MLLT10 primary tumor expression was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer. Elevated MLLT10 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Which Information Do Politicians Pay Attention To? Evidence from a Field Experiment and Interviews
Authors: Senninger Roman , Seeberg Henrik
Published: April 2022

Politicians are exposed to a constant flow of information about societal problems. However, they have limited resources and need to prioritize. This raises the question of which information they pay attention to. Previous research identifies four types of information that may matter: public concern about a problem, problem attention by rival parties, news stories about problems, and statistical problem indicators. We are the first to contrast the four types of information through a field experiment with more than 6,000 candidates and multiple elite interviews in Denmark. Candidates received an email invitation to access a specially tailored report that randomly highlights one of the four types of information. Statistical indicators and public opinion are accessed the most and our interviews ascertain politicians’ underlying reasoning. Taken together, our results provide new and important evidence about the types of information that politicians consider when addressing societal problems.
Inflasi dan pengangguran ekonomi islam
Authors: sari Ayu Puspita
Published: April 2022

Inflasi dan pengangguran merupakan bagian dari masalah makroekonomiyang menjadi perhatian utama bagi negara-negara di dunia, termasuk Indonesia.Inflasi dan pengangguran yang terlalu tinggi, akan berdampak pada fundamentalperekonomian negara tersebut. Rendahnya inflasi dan pengangguran terkadangtidak menguntungkan juga, karena inflasi yang rendah akan berdampak padaproduktifitas industri negara tersebut.
Resume Inflasi Dan Pengangguran Dalam Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Azizah Fithri
Published: April 2022

Inflasi merupakan keadaan dimana terjadi kenaaikan harga barang secara terus menerus yang dapat menyebabkan menurunnya daya beli masyarakat karena secara riil tingkat pendapatannya juga menurun. Inflasi juga terjadi karena kenaikan permintaan bertambah besar dibandingkan penawaran suatu barang dipasar. Peristiwa inflasi merupakan sebuah fenomena yang terjadi dikehidupan masyarakat diseluruh dunia sejak dahulu hingga saat ini, dan didefinisikan bahwa inflasi terjadi ketika harga-harga secara umum mengalami kenaikan dan berlangsung secara terus-menerus.
MAKALAH MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI MUTU, PELAYANAN, DAN NILAI
Authors: Taha Muh. Ridwan
Published: April 2022

Perkembangan pasar yang begitu pesat telah mendorong perusahaan untuk mencari celah guna meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan yang tercermin pada keuntungan yang diraih perusahaan. Salah satu strategi yang digunakan dalam mencapai loyalitas pelanggan adalah strategi pemasaran berdasar pelanggan. Pemasaran berdasarkan pelanggan mengindikasikan adanya investasi bagi suatu perusahaan dalam membangun ikatan jangka panjang dengan konsumen secara individu.
Elevated CNGA1 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1, CNGA1, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. CNGA1 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that CNGA1 primary tumor expression was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in basal and luminal A subtype breast cancer. Elevated CNGA1 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Enhancing the Utility of the Health and Retirement Study to Identify Drivers of Rising Mortality Rates in the United States
Authors: Monnat Shannon M
Published: April 2022

A recent report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) highlights rising rates of working-age mortality in the United States, portending troubling population health trends for this group as they age. The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is an invaluable resource for researchers studying health and aging dynamics among Americans ages 50 and above and has strong potential to be used by researchers to provide insights about the drivers of rising U.S. mortality rates. This paper assesses the strengths and limitations of HRS data for identifying drivers of rising mortality rates in the U.S. and provides recommendations to enhance the utility of the HRS in this regard. Among our many recommendations, we encourage the HRS to prioritize the following: link cause of death information to respondents; reduce the age of eligibility for inclusion in the sample; increase the rural sample size; enhance the existing HRS Contextual Data Resource by incorporating longitudinal measures of structural determinants of health; develop additional data linkages to capture residential settings and characteristics across the life course; and add measures that capture drug use, gun ownership, and social media use.
Elevated RASSF4 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of Ras association domain family member 4, RASSF4, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. RASSF4 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that RASSF4 primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in basal and luminal A subtype breast cancer. Elevated RASSF4 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Elastisitas permintaan dan penawaran
Authors: Wanda
Published: April 2022

Elastisitas permintaan adalah suatu alat atau konsep yang digunakan untuk mengukur derajat kepekaan atau respon perubahan jumlah atau kualitas barang yang dibeli sebagai akibat perubahan faktor yang mempengaruhi. Elastisitas penawaran ialah perbandingan antara seberapa besar perubahan jumlah barang yang ditawarkan sebagai akibat dari perubahan harga
INFLASIDANPENGANGGURANDALAMEKONOMIISLAM
Authors: T Andi Marhuni
Published: April 2022

Inflasi merupakan keadaan dimana terjadi kenaaikan harga barangsecara terus menerus yang dapat menyebabkan menurunnya daya belimasyarakat karena secara riil tingkat pendapatannya juga menurun. Adamacam-macam inflasi tergantung pada faktor pencetus terjadinya inflasi
Teori Nilai Guna (Utility)
Authors: Ali Nurfadilla Nur
Published: April 2022

Teori ekonomi dibangun melalui pendekatan investigasi realistik terhadap fenomena-fenomena ekonomi. Investigasi ini difokuskan untuk mencari bagaimana pola perilaku hubungan antar variabel ekonomi. Dengan pendekatan model ini, teori ekonomi kemudian menjadi cukup ampuh untuk diletakkan sebagai alat analisis. Teori ekonomi dapat dengan sangat baik menjelaskan bagaimana kegiatan ekonomi berjalan dan dengan akurat memprediksi apa yang akan terjadi pada satu variabel ekonomi jika variabel yang mempengaruhinya berubah.
Inflasi dan Pengangguran Dalam Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Nurfadillah
Published: April 2022

Inflasi merupakan keadaan dimana terjadi kenaaikan harga barang secara terus menerusyang dapat menyebabkan menurunnya daya beli masyarakat karena secara riil tingkatpendapatannya juga menurun. Inflasi juga terjadi karena kenaikan permintaan bertambahbesar dibandingkan penawaran suatu barang dipasar.Taqiuddin Ahmad ibn al-Maqrizi (1364M-1441M) menggolongkan jenis inflasi menjadidua golongan, yaitu:1. Natural Inflation Natural inflation merupakan sebuah inflasi yang disebabkan berdasarkanalamiah dimana orang tidak mempunyai kendali diatasnya untuk mrncrgah. Inidiakibatkan oleh turunnya penawaran agregat (AS) atau naiknya permintaan agregat (AD).2. Human Eror Inflation Human eror inflation merupakan inflasi yang disebabkan olehkesalahan manusia sendiri, sesuai dengan surat Ar-Rum ayat 41 yaitu: “Telah nampakkerusakan di darat dan di laut disebabkan karena perbuatan tangan manusia, supaya Allahmerasakan kepada mereka sebagian dari (akibat) perbuatan mereka, agar mereka kembali(ke jalan yang benar)”
Study of Temperature Dependent Resistors in Electrical DC Networks
Authors: Gambirasio Giorgio , Consonni Denise
Published: April 2022

A temperature dependent electrical resistor (TDR) is defined here as a resistor whose resistance linearly depends on its internal temperature, this one affected by the current thru it. In this paper it is shown how a TDR can be modelled and how the model parameters may be experimentally measured.An electrical network containing TDRs becomes nonlinear and its solution may require computer programs capable to handle systems of nonlinear equations.Analyses of simple networks containing TDRs and non-TDRs, fed by a DC voltage source, are presented. Plots of temperature, current, and resistance of all resistors are shown in transient and steady state performances.
THE USE OF DIGITAL WALLET APPLICATIONS FOR FINANCIAL TRANSACTION ACTIVITIES AMONG MILLENIALS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nisa Rizky Ayu Khoirun
Published: April 2022

At this time human life continues to progress. If examined in depth, this progress has covered all fields, including technology. Technology itself is not only developing in terms of communication but also in terms of finance. Advances in technology in terms of finance are marked by the existence of a digital wallet or e-wallet that can be accessed via gadgets. Since its emergence, digital wallets have begun to be widely used by the public, especially millennials. This is because millennials tend to be highly productive, so they carry out many financial transactions. Writing this article aims to find out what are the ins and outs of digital wallets so that they attract millennials to use them. The data and results of this article were obtained from reading journals and sources accessed online. The conclusion that can be drawn from the data acquisition is that the digital wallet application consists of various types and is rich in interesting features that facilitate all financial transaction processes so that this is a factor causing the large number of digital wallet usage numbers in the community, especially millennials.
Momentary predictors of compliance in an ecological momentary assessment study of young adults’ mental health
Authors: Murray Aja Louise , Brown Ruth , Zhu Xinxin , Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Yang Yi , Xiao Zhuoni , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel
Published: April 2022

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has become a popular method of gathering information about participants as they go about their daily lives. However, participant non-compliance, especially non-random compliance, in EMA is a concern. Better knowledge of the moment-to-moment factors that predict prompt non-response can inform the design of strategies to mitigate it. In this study we used data from a general population young adult (n=260) EMA study, ‘decades-to-minutes’(D2M) and fitted dynamic structural equation models (DSEMs) to explore a range of candidate momentary predictors of missing the next prompt. We found that higher levels of stress, overall negative affect, and the specific negative affective state of ‘upset’ at a given prompt predicted a greater likelihood of missing the next prompt. However, no other specific affective states, alcohol use, experiencing social provocations nor aggressive behaviour predicted missing the next prompt. Findings point to the potential value of gathering information on momentary negative affect (especially feeling upset) and stress to help inform strategies that intervene to prevent application disengagement at optimal moments and to feed into strategies to mitigate bias due to non-random non-response in EMA studies.
Network Analysis of within-person temporal associations among physical activity, sleep, and wellbeing in situ
Authors: McGowan Amanda L. , Boyd Zachary M. , Kang Yoona , Bennett Logan , Mucha Peter , Ochsner Kevin , Bassett Danielle S , Falk Emily B. , Lydon-Staley David M.
Published: April 2022

Physical activity, sleep, affect, and purpose in life are part of a system that reflects wellbeing in daily life. A holistic understanding of the naturalistic dynamics of the interactions within this system is key to promoting wellbeing. Using self-reported affect (happy, sad, angry, anxious) and physical activity periods collected twice per day via smartphone-based experience sampling over 28 days as young adult participants (n = 226 young adults; M = 20.2 years, SD = 1.7 years; 75% women) went about their daily lives, we examined the within-day associations between physical activity and affect that form a network of wellness behaviors and outcomes. Adding once per day reports of sleep duration, sleep quality, and purpose in life, we additionally examined day-to-day temporal dynamics among physical activity, sleep, affect, and purpose in life. Multilevel modeling showed that when individuals reported engaging in more than their usual level of physical activity, they reported increased happy and reduced anxious affect at the next prompt. At the daily level, multilevel vector autoregressive models that consider the network of wellness together showed that higher physical activity on a given day predicted an increase of happy affect the next day. In parallel, higher sleep quality on a given night predicted a decrease in negative affective states the next day. We found that purpose in life predicted decreased sad, anxious, and angry affect up to two days later. Collectively, these findings suggest that while the effects of sleep and physical activity on affective states and purpose in life may be shorter term (up to one day), a sense of purpose in life is a critical component of wellbeing that can have slightly longer effects, bleeding into the next few days.
Sport Participation and Adherence to Movement Guidelines Predict Mental Health Status in Adolescence
Authors: Gilchrist Jenna
Published: April 2022

ProblemAdolescence is a critical juncture for the development of mental health and health behaviors yet an understanding of how health behaviors contribute to complete mental health (i.e., both well-being and ill-being) is limited. The aim of this study was to explore mental health profiles of adolescents and examine how sport participation and adherence to movement guidelines predict mental health status. MethodsAdolescents (N = 73,672) participating in Year 7 (2018-2019) of the COMPASS Study completed questionnaires assessing sport participation, adherence to movement guidelines, and indices of mental health. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to examine profiles of mental health. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine predictors of profile membership. Results were analyzed separately for males and females.ResultsResults of the LPA supported a 6-class solution for males and females. Sport participation was generally associated with membership in better mental health profiles. For males, adherence to physical activity (PA) guidelines confers benefits for those lower in flourishing. The findings for females were more nuanced. Adolescents meeting both sleep and screen time guidelines had increased odds of reporting optimal mental health.ConclusionFindings are consistent with the dual continua model of mental health. Given the nuanced findings between PA and mental health status among females, further research is warranted to help reduce gendered inequalities in both PA participation and complete mental health. Interventions designed to promote mental health should incorporate a focus on both volume of PA as well as promoting enjoyable experiences. Results support a continued emphasis on the importance of adherence to sleep and screen time guidelines.
SPONTANEOUS AND INDUCED OUT-OF-BODY EXPERIENCES DURING SLEEP PARALYSIS: EMOTIONS, “AURA” RECOGNITION, AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Herrero Nerea L. , Gallo Francisco T. , Rolín Miguel Gasca , Gleiser Pablo M. , Forcato Cecilia
Published: April 2022

Sleep paralysis (SP) is characterized by the incapacity to perform voluntary movements during sleep/wake transitions and could bring great discomfort. During SP, Out-of-Body Experiences (OBEs) can occur however, they are pleasant in comparison with other SP hallucinations. Moreover, there is evidence suggesting that OBEs can be induced using behavioral techniques similar to Lucid Dreaming induction. Here, we design an online survey to study the predominant and specific emotions during SP and/or OBE events as well as the somatosensory perceptions that preceded their occurrence. The sample (N=329, 122 males, 226 females, 1 other) was divided into experimental groups depending on the presence/absence of OBE, capacity to induce (or not) OBEs and perception/no perception of the SP. We showed that more positive emotions were associated with OBEs and more negative emotions were associated with SP episodes, and for those who claim the ability to induce OBEs, positive emotions were more frequent in their episodes. We found that subjects perceived auditory, tactile, and visual sensations before SP episodes, and we proposed that these could be an “aura” of SP. Furthermore, subjects that had OBEs but had never felt the SP, perceived tactile and visual sensations to the same extent as subjects with OBEs that felt the SP, suggesting that they are having the OBE before being able to perceive the SP. Therefore, we proposed that the “aura” recognition could be used under controlled conditions for OBE induction in SP patients to diminish the negative symptoms associated with SP episodes.
Building social capital in a new home country. A closer look into the predictors of bonding and bridging relationships of migrant populations at different education levels
Authors: Tuominen Minna , Kilpi-Jakonen Elina , Garcia-Velazquez Regina , Castaneda Anu , Kuusio Hannamaria
Published: April 2022

This paper explores factors that may facilitate or hinder the development of migrant populations’ social capital in a settlement country. As earlier research has shown that higher educated migrants tend to form more extensive social relationships, we explore whether there are differences between tertiary educated migrants and those with lower education levels in terms of the background characteristics that predict their social capital composition. The study builds on Robert Putnam’s dyad of bonding and bridging social capital, which are here combined into a single dependent variable. Multinomial regression analyses are done separately for the two education groups. Our data comes from the Survey on Well-Being among Foreign Born Population in Finland (n: of 5,247). The study finds important differences between the education groups both in terms of social capital composition and the respective predictors. Among those with higher education, abundant social capital (i.e. extensive bonding and bridging relationships) is the most common composition, while in the lower education group, the proportion of people with scarce social capital (limited bonding and bridging relationships) outnumbers those with abundant capital by more than twofold. Both education groups draw from similar resources to build abundant social capital, a satisfactory level of income emerging as the single most important underlying factor. However, a satisfactory income level is by far a more common feature in the higher education group. Additionally, the higher education group draws from a more diverse set of other migration and context-related factors to prevent scarce or one-sided social capital.
Combining simulation and empirical data to explore the scope for social network interventions in conservation
Authors: de Lange Emiel , Dobson Andy , Milner-Gulland E.J. , Keane Aidan
Published: April 2022

Conservationists can use social network analysis to improve targeting for behaviour-change interventions, selecting individuals to target who will go on to inform or influence others. However, collecting sociometric data is expensive. Using empirical data from a case study in Cambodia and simulations we examine the conditions under which collecting this data is cost-effective. Our results show that targeting interventions using sociometric data can lead to greater dissemination of information and adoption of new behaviours. However, these approaches are not cost-effective for small interventions implemented in only a few communities, and it is an order of magnitude cheaper to achieve the same results by simply targeting more individuals in each community at random. For interventions across multiple communities, network data from one community could inform rules-of-thumb that can be applied to boost the effectiveness of interventions. In rural Cambodia, this approach is worthwhile if it can inform interventions covering at least 21 villages. Our findings provide a framework for understanding how insights from network sciences, such as targeting clusters of individuals for interventions that aim to change behaviour, can make a practical contribution to conservation.
Material Deprivation and the Brexit Referendum: A Spatial Multilevel Analysis of the Interplay between Individual and Regional Deprivation
Authors: Ludwig Volker , Rüttenauer Tobias , Haußmann Charlotte
Published: April 2022

We investigate the association of measures of individual and regional deprivation and the intention of voting for “Leave” in the 2016 Brexit referendum. We matched survey data of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (wave 8, 2016-18) with regional information of the English Index of Multiple Deprivation (2015). We ran spatially refined multilevel models which specify effects of individual-level deprivation, small-scale neighborhood deprivation and deprivation of the larger-scale area (within 20 km distance). The results show individually and regionally deprived people had a higher preference for voting “Leave”. Furthermore, cross-level interactions indicate that the positive effect of individual deprivation was weak for people surrounded by deprived areas, but strong for deprived people living in more affluent areas. We interpret this as evidence of mechanisms of social comparison within larger-scale regional contexts.
Determinants of ecstasy use and harm reduction strategies: Informing evidence-based intervention development
Authors: Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram
Published: April 2022

Ecstasy has become one of the most prevalent party drugs. In combination with its potential harmfulness and the inefficacy of legislative measures that is evidenced by its prevalence, this justifies development of health promotion interventions aiming to regulate its use. The current thesis reports the results of studies aiming to inform such intervention development. ShortDOI: https://doi.org/kxkg
Knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers in breast feeding: A hospital based study
Authors: Paudel Deepak Raj , Gupta Dipak Kumar , Giri Arun
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Breastfeeding (BF) is a socially constructed and controlled practice. Although breastfeeding is a common practice in Nepal, proper breastfeeding is on the decline due to several factors. The impact of knowledge and attitude about breastfeeding practice, i.e., duration of breastfeeding, proper techniques, proper time of weaning is poorly understood. So, this study is designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers in breastfeeding.

Material and Methods: This is an observational descriptive cross sectional study carried out among 220 mothers of under 2 years old children attending the pediatric out-patient department (OPD) at Janaki Medical College teaching hospital (JMCTH), Janakpur, Nepal. Mothers were interviewed using pre-designed questionnaire constructed after proper literature review.

Results: All mothers have idea that they have to breast feed their babies, but they did not have adequate knowledge on the appropriate way of breastfeeding. Only, 12.27% knew that they have to initiate breast feeding within 1 hour of birth, 15% had idea on pre-lacteal feed, 5% had idea on importance of colostrum, 10% knew the meaning of exclusive breast feeding, and 0% of the mothers had idea on importance of night feeding. Only 7.27% have knowledge on method on maintaining aseptic precaution during breastfeeding. Only 20.90% were practicing exclusive breast feeding, 70% mothers were practicing night feeds, 15% mothers practiced feeding one side at a time and 15% mothers were practicing appropriate attachment and positioning during BF. None of the mothers got any advice regarding breast feeding during antenatal care (ANC) visits. Only 15% mothers got proper method of breastfeeding advice after birth. 30% practiced burping after breastfeeding. 30% underwent practice of proper food to increase breast milk secretion.

Conclusion: Undesirable cultural practices such as late initiation of breastfeeding after birth, giving pre-lacteal feeds, delay in introduction of weaning foods, not exercising exclusive breastfeeding practice are still prevalent. The maternal knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in breastfeeding is still inadequate with a big gap between actual and desired practices and there is urgent need of mother educational program in this society.
Antibiotic Prescribing Pattern in Paediatric Emergency Department at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Yadav Chandrajeet Kumar , Bishunke Ravi , Shrivastava Amit Kumar , Palikhey Anjan , Chaurasia Lokeshwar
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: The indiscriminate use of antibiotics often results in an increased incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADR), suboptimal therapy, treatment failure, polypharmacy and most importantly, the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the paediatric emergency department, antibiotic prescribing pattern at a tertiary care teaching hospital, Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal.

Material and methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was carried out on 152 paediatric patients of ages between 2 months to 12 years at the paediatric emergency department of UCMS. The data were collected by reviewing the prescription paper, and the required information was recorded using a structured data collection sheet prepared for study. The prescribing pattern was assessed through the World Health Organization (WHO) prescription indicators using the WHO Children Formulary 1993 AD.

Results: This study revealed that out of 152 patients, average number of drugs prescribed was 5.13 and antibiotic per patient was 2.10±.540. Antibiotics were prescribed at least once for 93.4% of patients. Drugs prescribed from Essential drug list (EDL) was 46.46% and that encountered with injectable was 92.1%. There was a significant difference between the patients age group and the number of drugs prescribed (χ2 = 21.553, p = 0.010). The mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 6.95±3.145. Cephalosporin’s (36.6%) followed by aminoglycosides (28.8%) were most frequently prescribed antibiotics.

Conclusion: Multiple courses of antibiotics are most frequently prescribed, which could increase antibiotic resistance in future. Continuous audits, training and new treatment protocols should be developed for prescribing and using antibiotics in paediatric patients.
Employee Retention Strategies Used by Nepalese Banks
Authors: Chaudhary Manoj Kumar
Published: April 2022

Employee retention has been a key factor for the sustainable operation of any organization. Among all the sectors of an economy, banking sector has been one of the sectors with higher employee turnover. This study aims to investigate retention issues in Civil Bank and Mega Bank limited located in Kathmandu valley. The study has collected data from 132 employees (from different levels and different departments working in   these   commercial   banks   through   5-point   Likert questionnaire and processed with the help of SPSS. The collected data are analyze using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The study results show that workplace environment, career growth & development opportunity, compensation management and job security have significant impact and association with the employee’s retention in Civil Bank and Mega Bank located in Kathmandu. It is recommended that plan for work life balance and better career planning for the employees could increase to establishing the stability of employees working in banking sectors.
A Class Struggle in Umberto’s Boccioni’s Painting- Street Noises Invade the House (1911)
Authors: Chhetry Tek Bahadur
Published: April 2022

The modern art of the early twentieth century is the reaction to Realism, and impressionists were the first who broke away from so called rule bound represented bourgeoisie. That is to say that they are the harbingers of the twentieth century art. As Europe was shifting swiftly with the new things being built, the impressionists were changing the whole concept in the art with an attempt to avoid myths and history in painting and developed a new perspective to look at the painting and do it as it is for anyone.  This avant-garde art has brought about symbolism, cubism, fauvism and futurism. It has also put the dimension of art and painting in a new mode of representation. Futurism embraces the chaos of the advances in technology with the features like dynamism, speed, energy, vitality and change as an inspiring way to reject the tradition and face the future.  Against this backdrop, this paper examines how futurism, an artistic mode of representation has situated the context of art into a social change in Umberto Boccioni’s painting- Street Noises Invade the House (1911) vis-a-vis the Marxist approach of class struggle. In addition, the paper also analyzes the formal elements- color, structure, balance and harmony employed in the art by the artist that constitute the composite whole.
Perjanjian Kerja Sama Upaya Percepatan Pensertipikatan Tanah-tanah Milik PT. PLN
Authors: Sugiasih Sugiasih
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The constraints faced by PLN related to land can be seen from the amount of land owned by PLN that has only reached 30% certificate and about 57,000 plots of land owned by PLN have not been certified. This is due to the irregular land asset management. Such conditions can increase the risk of land disputes.The acceleration of PLN land certificates is carried out through a Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/BPN and PT. PLN. This paper describes the implementation of the memorandum of understanding as well as the obstacles and solutions to the problem of PLN land that is not clean and clear. The research method used is a qualitative method which emphasizes the observation of phenomena and their substance. As a result, it is known that PLN lands which are physically and legally clear and are not in dispute can be certified immediately. Some of PLN's lands experienced problems in making their certificates, namely physical and juridical constraints. Although there are obstacles, it is undeniable that the Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/BPN and PLN brings great benefits, namely that many lands belonging to PLN have been and are in the process of being certified.
Keywords : Cooperation Agreement, Land Certificate Constraints, PLN
 
INTISARI
Kendala yang dihadapi PLN berkaitan dengan tanah terlihat dari jumlah tanah milik PLN yang sudah bersertipikat baru mencapai 30% dan sekitar 57.000 bidang tanah milik PLN belum bersertipikat. Hal ini disebabkan oleh tidak tertibnya tata kelola aset tanah. Kondisi demikian dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya sengketa tanah. Percepatan pensertipikatan tanah PLN dilaksanakan melalui Nota Kesepahaman antara Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/BPN dan PT. PLN. Dalam tulisan ini mengurai pelaksanaan nota kesepahaman tersebut serta kendala dan solusi untuk permasalahan tanah PLN yang tidak clean and clear. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yang lebih menekankan pada pengamatan fenomena dan substansinya. Hasilnya diketahui bahwa untuk tanah-tanah PLN yang secara fisik dan yuridisnya sudah jelas dan tidak dalam sengketa dapat segera disertipikatkan. Sebagian tanah PLN mengalami kendala dalam pembuatan sertipikatnya, yaitu kendala fisik dan kendala yuridis. Meskipun terdapat kendala, tidak dipungkiri bahwa Perjanjian Kerjasama antara Kementerian Agraria dan tata Ruang/BPN dan PLN membawa manfaat yang besar, yaitu banyak tanah-tanah milik PLN yang sudah dan sedang dalam proses pensertipikatan.
Kata kunci : Perjanjian Kerja Sama, Kendala Pensertipikatan Tanah, PLN
ТАКТИКА ВЕДЕННЯ ХВОРОЇ З КОРОНАВІРУСНОЮ ІНФЕКЦІЄЮ, ВИКЛИКАНОЮ SARS-COV-2, З ВАЖКИМ ПОШКОДЖЕННЯМ ДИХАЛЬНОЇ ТА СЕРЦЕВО-СУДИННОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Бобирь А.Л. , Сухонос Р.Є.
Published: April 2022

Жінка 32 років надійшла до приймального відділення зі скаргами на біль в області серця з іррадіацією в ліву лопатку, відчуття недостатності повітря, задуху змішаного характеру. Після проведених інструментальних (Комп’ютерної томографії (КТ) органів грудної клітки (ОГК), КТ-ангіографії легеневої артерії, УЗД-серця, ЕКГ), лабораторних досліджень, на основі клінічних даних та після проведеної диференціальної діагностики, був встановлений діагноз: коронавірусна інфекція, викликана SARS-Cov-2. Позалікарняна двобічна полісегментарна пневмонія. Двосторонній гідроторакс. Панкардит. Перикардит. Оклюзія підшкірних вен обох нижніх кінцівок. За важкістю стану хвору госпіталізовано в відділення інтенсивної терапії. Базуючись на даних лабораторних та інструментальних досліджень, а, також, клінічних показниках і загальному стані хворої була визначена тактика терапії, яка відзначилась позитивним ефектом.
ВАЖКЕ ТРОМБОТИЧНЕ УРАЖЕННЯ НА ТЛІ КОРОНАВІРУСНОЇ ІНФЕКЦІЇ, ВИКЛИКАНОЇ SARS-COV-2
Authors: Сухонос Р.Є. , Бобирь А.Л.
Published: April 2022

Тромботичні ускладнення не є рідкісним явищем у хворих, інфікованих COVID-19. За даними Piazza et al., 2020, вони спостерігалися у 2,6% пацієнтів, госпіталізованих із легкими та помірними формами захворювання, та у 35,3% пацієнтів з важкими та вкрай-важкими формами захворювання. У даній статті представлено клінічний випадок хворої, якій був встановлений діагноз: COVID-19. Полісегментарна пневмонія. Множинні (сегментарні) змішані тромбози мезентеріальних судин. Некроз клубової і сліпої кишки. Некроз правих додатків матки та правого яєчника. Тазовий абсцес. Перитонит. Сепсис. Поліорганна недостатність. Не зважаючи на проведене оперативне втручання в ургентному порядку та інтенсивну терапію в периопераційному та післяопераційному періоді, надважкі ускладнення коронавірусної інфекції призвели до летального наслідку.
Grappling with the Fragmentations: Black Feminisms, African Feminisms and the Possibilities of Black Geographies in Canada
Authors: Adeniyi-Ogunyankin Grace
Published: April 2022

This essay engages with the question of Black studies in Canada vis-à-vis African studies. To address this question, I explore the unsatisfactory distinctions I have made between African feminisms and Black feminisms because they dangerously replicate the colonial division of humanity. As such, I focus on the distinction to think through how we can imagine the future of Black studies in Canada. In so doing, I consider correspondences and interactions that I have been engaged in as spaces where challenging thinking happens in ways that negotiate, rethink, and unsettle institutional and disciplinary limits. I ponder the possibility of not thinking singularly about the subject of Black studies and moving toward a space where we can hold sight of our differences.
Protests and Pedagogy: The Legacies of Caribbean Student Resistance and the Sir George Williams Protest, Montreal 1969
Authors: Cummings Ronald , Mohabir Nalini
Published: April 2022

Following two weeks of a peaceful sit-in protest, on February 11, 1969, the Montreal riot police stormed the Sir George Williams University (now Concordia) computer centre and assaulted and arrested nearly one hundred people. The students at Sir George had been protesting their experiences of discrimination and the university’s failure to take seriously their complaints about racism on campus. This discussion explores the significance of the 1969 protests as an intervention in Canadian higher education. It also situates that event in relation to narratives of the radical 1960s and explores the operations of the university as a site of knowledge and power. This discussion also raises questions about what we might learn from the protests in relation to current issues in the Canadian academy and offers reflections on Black studies in Canada today.
The lumbar intervertebral discs in males and females: measures, correlation, modeling
Authors: Danylevych V. P.
Published: April 2022

Annotation. The use of math algorithms for calculating the anatomical and functional parameters of the organs and systems based on somatometric parameters and allows to individualize and quantify the indicators of the norm. In order to build mathematical models to calculate the size of the lumbar spine intervertebral discs somatometry of almost healthy 80 girls and women aged 16-26 years and 74 juniors and men aged 17-28 years was performed. As well as magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine was used to obtain the MR-images in the axial, sagittal and frontal planes in the T2-TSE mode and to perform MR-morphometry by using the DICOM image processing program. The correlation analysis and estimation of interrelations of somatometric parameters with partial linear sizes of intervertebral disks, the sum of the disks’ sizes and relative somato-disk rate are carried out. Body weight was found to have strong correlations with relative somato-disc rate (mean correlation coefficients for L1-L5 intervertebral discs were 0.803 and 0.821 in women and men, respectively) and weak and very weak correlations with partial disc sizes. When constructing the regression model, as an intermediate stage of the calculation, the somato-disk rate (the ratio of mass-growth coefficient to the sum of the sizes of the intervertebral disc) was used. The simulation of the three sizes’ sum of intervertebral discs L1-L5 segments was ultimately based on weight and body length (coefficient of determination R2 is from 80.4% for the sum of the intervertebral discs L1-L2 in girls and women and boys and men, up to 89.7% for the sum of the size of the intervertebral disc L4-L5 in girls and women). Verification of the obtained mathematical models showed a discrepancy between the calculated and measured indicators of the sums of intervertebral disc sizes in the presence of disc degeneration. The used mathematical algorithm for calculating individualized indicators of linear dimensions of lumbar intervertebral discs on the base of somatometric parameters allowed to determine the absence of objective quantitative changes in unchanged intervertebral discs and avoid overdiagnosis.
A case of Behcet’s disease in the practice of a doctor
Authors: Lysytsia Yu. N. , Pypa L. V. , Svistilnik R. V.
Published: April 2022

Annotation. The article presents a description of the observation of a patient with Behcet’s disease, a rare systemic disease. The description traces the stages of disease development, difficulties in its diagnosis, polymorphism. The publication also presents modern views on the etiology, mechanisms of occurrence, diagnosis and consequences of Behcet's disease.
Dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus during 6 months of follow-up
Authors: Feldman D. A.
Published: April 2022

Annotation. Hyperglycemia complicates the course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with its unfavorable prognosis. The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with acute myocardial infarction with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus during 6 months of follow-up. The study involved 120 patients: group 1 – patients with AMI with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 (n=70), group 2 – patients with AMI (n=50) and 20 people who made up the control group. All patients underwent general instrumental and clinical examinations. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the software package “Statistica 6.0” (USA) with calculation: M ± m, probability and level of reliability (p) for comparison of samples. The analysis of independent samples that were not subject to Gaussian distribution laws was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The correlation coefficient (r) was used to estimate the degree of correlation between the samples. The average fasting glucose level in patients of group 1 was 17.48±6.78 mmol / l; 2nd – 5.57±0.84 mmol / l; in the control group – 4.64±0.67 mmol / l; (p1-2 <0.00001, p1-3 <0.00001, p2-3 <0.0001). The mean insulin level in patients of group 1 was 36.19±3.5 μIU / ml; 2nd – 16.08±5.08 μOD / ml; in the control group – 8.77±0.52 μOD / ml (p1-2 <0.00001, p1-3 <0.00001, p2-3 <0.001). The average level of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients of group 1 was 8.58±0.95 μmol of fructose / gHb; 2nd – 5.6±0.2 μmol fructose / gHb, in the control group – 5.4±0.33 μmol fructose / gHb (p1-2 <0.00001, p1-3 <0.00001, p2- 3<0.05). The value of the HOMA index in patients of the 1st group was equal to – 30.39±13.33; 2nd – 3.89±1.39, in the control group – 1.81±0.27 (p1-2 <0.00001, p1-3 <0.00001, p2-3 <0.05). When re-measured after 6 months, these indicators were significantly lower, significantly higher levels of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with type 2 DM. Thus, the carbohydrate profile in patients with acute myocardial infarction was significantly higher in the presence of concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus, indicating the presence of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and stress hyperglycemia on the background of a coronary event. After 6 months, the above indicators in both groups were significantly lower, there was a direct relationship with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its degree.