bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Binding or aggregation? Hazards of interpretation in studies of molecular recognition by porphyrins in water
Authors: Renney Charles M. , Fukuhara Gaku , Inoue Yoshihisa , Davis Anthony P.
Published: May 2015

Reports suggest that polar porphyrins can serve as carbohydrate receptors in water. Addition of glucose to TPPS (shown) does cause changes in UV-visible absorption. However, these are best explained by altered aggregation states and not by formation of a closely-bound complex.
Lamellar sheet exfoliation of single lipid vesicles by a membrane-active peptide
Authors: Tabaei Seyed R. , Cho N. J.
Published: May 2015

Using total internal fluorescence microscopy, highly parallel measurements of single lipid vesicles unexpectedly reveal that a small fraction of vesicles rupture in multiple discrete steps when destabilized by a membrane-active peptide which is in contrast to classical solubilization models.
High proton conduction in a new alkali metal-templated open-framework aluminophosphate
Authors: Sun Yanjun , Yan Yan , Wang Yanyan , Li Yi , Li Jiyang , Yu Jihong
Published: May 2015

High proton conduction has been found in a new alkali metal-templated open-framework aluminophosphate Na6[(AlPO4)8(OH)6]·8H2O with 2D intersecting 8-ring channels.
Electric field control of proton-transfer molecular switching: molecular dynamics study on salicylidene aniline
Authors: Jankowska Joanna , Sadlej Joanna , Sobolewski Andrzej L.
Published: May 2015

In this letter, we propose a novel, ultrafast, efficient molecular switch whose switching mechanism involves the electric field-driven intramolecular proton transfer.
The doping effect on the catalytic activity of graphene for oxygen evolution reaction in a lithium–air battery: a first-principles study
Authors: Ren Xiaodong , Wang Beizhou , Zhu Jinzhen , Liu Jianjun , Zhang Wenqing , Wen Zhaoyin
Published: May 2015

B,P-codoped graphene has synergetic catalytic effect on O2 evolution of B-doping and Li+ desorption of P-doping.
Structure–activity relationship of Cr/Ti-PILC catalysts using a pre-modification method for NO oxidation and their surface species study
Authors: Zhong Lei , Yu Yang , Cai Wei , Geng Xinxin , Zhong Qin
Published: May 2015

Two Cr(vi) species are generated via pre-modification, which play the different roles in the catalytic reaction. That is, oxide state CrO3 is beneficial to form the redox reaction with Cr2O3, and chromate with anionic form is adverse to accumulate SO2 to improve their resistance.
Gated electron transfer reactions of truncated hemoglobin from Bacillus subtilis differently orientated on SAM-modified electrodes
Authors: Fapyane Deby , Kartashov Andrey , von Wachenfeldt Claes , Ferapontova Elena E.
Published: May 2015

Electron transfer in truncated hemoglobin depends on the SAMs it is attached to demonstrating a new type of electronic responsivity.
Neural network iterative diagonalization method to solve eigenvalue problems in quantum mechanics
Authors: Yu Hua-Gen
Published: May 2015

The neural network iterative diagonalization structure for computing the eigenstates of complex symmetric or Hermitian matrices.
Transmission electron microscopy finds plenty of room on the surface
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zheng Wei Tao
Published: May 2015

The merit of transmission electron microscopy is unraveled for the key progress, emerging opportunities and fascinating perspectives in surface exploration.
The stability domain of the selenide kesterite photovoltaic materials and NMR investigation of the Cu/Zn disorder in Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe)
Authors: Choubrac Léo , Lafond Alain , Paris Michaël , Guillot-Deudon Catherine , Jobic Stéphane
Published: May 2015

NMR, XRD and EPMA studies demonstrate that CZTSe compounds adopt the kesterite structure and that their stability domain is larger than for the sulphides.
Phase separation induced shell thickness variations in electrospun hollow Bioglass 45S5 fiber mats for drug delivery applications
Authors: Durgalakshmi D. , Balakumar S.
Published: May 2015

Hollow fiber mats obtained by an electrospinning technique show higher apatite formation, and they can also be used for drug delivery applications.
An important impact of the molecule–electrode coupling asymmetry on the efficiency of bias-driven redox processes in molecular junctions
Authors: Bâldea Ioan
Published: May 2015

An almost full reduction driven by applied bias can be achieved in cases of molecules asymmetrically coupled to two-electrodes. For symmetric coupling, reduction cannot exceed 50%.
Understanding the role of the dye/oxide interface via SnO2-based MK-2 dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Son Dae-Yong , Lee Chang-Ryul , Shin Hee-Won , Jang In-Hyuk , Jung Hyun Suk , Ahn Tae Kyu , Park Nam-Gyu
Published: May 2015

The interfacial blocking layer between dye and oxide was found to play crucial roles in retarding recombination, increasing diffusion, accelerating dye regeneration and narrowing the density of states.
Functionalisation and immobilisation of an Au(110) surface via uracil and 2-thiouracil anchored layer
Authors: Plekan Oksana , Feyer Vitaliy , Cassidy Andrew , Lyamayev Victor , Tsud Nataliya , Ptasińska Sylwia , Reiff Sara , Acres Rober G. , Prince Kevin C.
Published: May 2015

We conducted studies on surface functionalisation by uracil and 2-thiouracil, and immobilisation of several DNA moieties on functionalised gold surfaces.
An automated transition state search using classical trajectories initialized at multiple minima
Authors: Martínez-Núñez Emilio
Published: May 2015

TS finding using iterative TSSCDS with trajectories initialized at different minima.
The ADOR mechanism for the synthesis of new zeolites
Authors: Eliášová Pavla , Opanasenko Maksym , Wheatley Paul S. , Shamzhy Mariya , Mazur Michal , Nachtigall Petr , Roth Wieslaw J. , Morris Russell E. , Čejka Jiří
Published: May 2015

The ADOR method enables the synthesis of novel zeolitic structuresviaexploiting structural weakness present in some zeolites.
Significant enhancement in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water using a MoS2nanosheet-coated ZnO heterostructure photocatalyst
Authors: Yuan Yong-Jun , Wang Fang , Hu Bin , Lu Hong-Wei , Yu Zhen-Tao , Zou Zhi-Gang
Published: May 2015

Synthesis and characterization of novel noble-metal-free and stable MoS2–ZnO composite photocatalysts for solar-to-H2conversion.
Fabrication of a novel nanocomposite Ag/graphene@SiO2–NaLuF4:Yb,Gd,Er for large enhancement upconversion luminescence
Authors: Yin Dongguang , Cao Xianzhang , Zhang Lu , Tang Jingxiu , Huang Wenfeng , Han Yanlin , Wu Minghong
Published: May 2015

Upconversion nanocrystals have a lot of advantages over other fluorescent materials.
The role of polarizability in determining metal ion affinities in polymer-supported reagents: monoprotic phosphates and the effect of hydrogen bonding
Authors: Alexandratos Spiro D. , Zhu Xiaoping
Published: May 2015

Communication between an immobilized ligand and an ion relies on their polarizabilities and hydrogen bonding when ion exchange sites are introduced.
Rare intermolecular M⋯H–C anagostic interactions in homoleptic Ni(ii)–Pd(ii) dithiocarbamate complexes
Authors: Yadav Manoj Kumar , Rajput Gunjan , Prasad Lal Bahadur , Drew Michael G. B. , Singh Nanhai
Published: May 2015

New Ni(ii)–Pd(ii) dithiocarbamates have been fully characterized;1exhibits rare C–H⋯Ni intermolecular anagostic interactions, whereas2shows C–H⋯Pd hydrogen bonding–anagostic interactions.
Core–shell cobalt oxide mesoporous silica based efficient electro-catalyst for oxygen evolution
Authors: Khan Shahid Ali , Khan Sher Bahadar , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: May 2015

Water splitting at low overpotentials using a plausible self-repair electrocatalyst based on Co3O4 nanomaterials.
Investigation of the “bent sandwich-like” divalent lanthanide hydro-tris(pyrazolyl)borates Ln(TpiPr2)2 (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tm, Yb)
Authors: Kühling Marcel , Wickleder Claudia , Ferguson Michael J. , Hrib Cristian G. , McDonald Robert , Suta Markus , Hilfert Liane , Takats Josef , Edelmann Frank T.
Published: May 2015

Synthesis, luminescence and reactivity of the lanthanide(ii) “bent sandwich-like” hydro-tris(pyrazolyl)borate complexes Ln(TpiPr2)2 (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tm, Yb) have been investigated.
Iron(iii) and nickel(ii) complexes as potential anticancer agents: synthesis, physicochemical and structural properties, cytotoxic activity and DNA interactions
Authors: Bal-Demirci Tülay , Congur Gulsah , Erdem Arzum , Erdem-Kuruca Serap , Özdemir Namık , Akgün-Dar Kadriye , Varol Başak , Ülküseven Bahri
Published: May 2015

The iron complex 3 was cytotoxic at low concentrations in K562 cells and could damage the DNA, specifically the adenine base.
Efficient and selective azidation of per-O-acetylated sugars using ultrasound activation: application to the one-pot synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole glycosides
Authors: Marzag Hamid , Alaoui Soukaina , Amdouni Hella , Martin Anthony R. , Bougrin Khalid , Benhida Rachid
Published: May 2015

A new protocol was developed for the selective transformation of acetyl-sugars to triazolyl nucleosides using in situ generated SO2(N3)2, iron/copper cocatalysis and ultrasound activation.
Iridium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines
Authors: Chen Shujie , Lu Guoping , Cai Chun
Published: May 2015

An [Ir(cod)Cl]2/phenanthroline catalytic system shows high activity for the reduction of nitroarenes to aminoarenes using 2-propanol as a hydrogen donor.
Mechanisms and stereoselectivities of the Rh(i)-catalyzed carbenoid carbon insertion reaction of benzocyclobutenol with diazoester
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Wang Yang , Zhang Wenjing , Zhu Yanyan , Wei Donghui , Tang Mingsheng
Published: May 2015

Mechanisms and stereoselectivities of a Rh(i)-catalyzed carbenoid carbon insertion reaction of benzocyclobutenol with diazoester have been investigated using the DFT method.
Mechanistic insights into the synergistic catalysis by Au(i), Ga(iii), and counterions in the Nakamura reaction
Authors: Bhattacharjee Rameswar , Nijamudheen A. , Datta Ayan
Published: May 2015

DFT calculations explain the origin of Au/Ga dual catalyzed regioselectivity of Nakamura reactions. The role of the counterions and the triazole ligand is shown to be significant.
5′-Methylene-triazole-substituted-aminoribosyl uridines as MraY inhibitors: synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling
Authors: Fer Mickaël J. , Bouhss Ahmed , Patrão Mariana , Le Corre Laurent , Pietrancosta Nicolas , Amoroso Ana , Joris Bernard , Mengin-Lecreulx Dominique , Calvet-Vitale Sandrine , Gravier-Pelletier Christine
Published: May 2015

The synthesis of 5′-methylene-[1,4]-triazole-substituted aminoribosyl uridines is described. Their biological evaluation was performed and rationalized by molecular modeling.
4,7-Di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole with hexylthiophene side chains and a benzodithiophene based copolymer for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Ren Junzhen , Bao Xichang , Han Liangliang , Wang Jiuxing , Qiu Meng , Zhu Qianqian , Hu Tong , Sheng Ruiying , Sun Mingliang , Yang Renqiang
Published: May 2015

A hexylthiophene side chain can induce conformational torsion a polymer with a BDT-DTBT backbone. HighVocand PCE polymer solar cells can be achieved.
A vinyl polymer having pendent sulfones prepared by atom-transfer radical polymerization of a sulfide-containing methacrylate and electrophoretic transparent coating on a stainless-steel anode
Authors: Kameyama Tomomi , Takasu Akinori
Published: May 2015

A vinyl polymer containing pendent sulfones (oxidation > 99%), which was then selectively coated onto a stainless-steel anode by electrophoretic deposition, in which the deposited film was transparent.
Chiral dirhodium catalysts derived from l-serine, l-threonine and l-cysteine: design, synthesis and application
Authors: Kang Jian , Zhu Baofu , Liu Jiewei , Wang Bo , Zhang Li , Su Cheng-Yong
Published: May 2015

A series of dirhodium complexes were synthesized and found to be effective chiral catalysts for nitrene and carbene transfer reactions.
Remediation of DDTr contaminated soil by the combination of solvent extraction and catalytic hydrodechlorination
Authors: Ma Xuanxuan , Luan Yongsheng , Liu Sujing , Liu Ying , Xia Chuanhai
Published: May 2015

A combination technique for remediation of DDT and its metabolites (DDTr) contaminated soil based on successive steps of solvent extraction, followed by catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) was studied.
In vitro study on the response of RAW264.7 and MS-5 fibroblast cells on laser-induced periodic surface structures for stainless steel alloys
Authors: McDaniel Clare , Gladkovskaya Olga , Flanagan Aiden , Rochev Yury , O'Connor Gerard M.
Published: May 2015

Cell attachment and growth can be controlled by stent surface topography. In some cases fibroblast cells attach while monocytes failed on the structured surface of Pt:SS and 316LSS stents.
Cubane-type {M4O4} (M = CoII, ZnII, CuII) clusters: synthesis, crystal structures, and luminescent and magnetic properties
Authors: Gao Qian , Qin Yaru , Chen Yanmei , Liu Wei , Li Haiyan , Wu Bing , Li Yahong , Li Wu
Published: May 2015

Three cubane-type {M4O4} clusters were synthesized and characterized. Their luminescent and magnetic properties were investigated.
A low-energy milling approach to reduce particle size maintains the luminescence of strontium aluminates
Authors: Rojas-Hernandez R. E. , Rubio-Marcos F. , Enríquez E. , De La Rubia M. A. , Fernandez J. F.
Published: May 2015

The photoluminescence of phosphorescent powders after a milling process depends extrinsically on the morphology of the particles such as size and intrinsically on the crystallinity.
Synthesis of 4-aminobenzoic acid esters of polyethylene glycol and their use for pegylation of therapeutic proteins
Authors: Lonshakov D. V. , Sheremet'ev S. V. , Belosludtseva E. M. , Korovkin S. A. , Semchenko A. V. , Katlinskij A. V.
Published: May 2015

4-Aminobenzoic acid esters of polyethylene glycol were synthesized and used for pegylation of recombinant human interferon α-2b and erythropoietin β.
Oligomerization of 1-butene with a homogeneous catalyst system based on allylic nickel complexes
Authors: Behr A. , Bayrak Z. , Peitz S. , Stochniol G. , Maschmeyer D.
Published: May 2015

The oligomerization of 1-butene with a nickel-based catalyst system constitutes an elegant synthesis method for obtaining linear octenes from readily available chemicals.
Determination of midodrine hydrochloride via Hantzsch condensation reaction: a factorial design based spectrophotometric approach
Authors: Elazazy Marwa S.
Published: May 2015

An experimental design was adopted for determination of MD·HCl. The novelty of the current approach arises from being multivariate compared to traditional univariate techniques.
Highly monodisperse magnetite/carbon composite microspheres with a mesoporous structure as high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Lim Hyung-Seok , Kim Daun , Hwang Jun-Ki , Kim Yu-Jeong , Sun Yang-Kook , Suh Kyung-Do
Published: May 2015

In this study, we propose a fabrication method for highly monodisperse magnetite/carbon (Fe3O4/C) composite microspheres with a mesoporous structure.
An unprecedented porphyrin-pillar[5]arene hybrid ditopic receptor
Authors: Sun Nana , Xiao Xin , Liu Chenxi , Chen Chao , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: May 2015

A porphyrin-pillar[5]arene hybrid host compound with a ditopic receptor nature was synthesized for the first time, which combines a neutral 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)butane guest by means of its two active centers to form a stable supramolecular complex.
pH-responsive cocktail drug nanocarriers by encapsulating paclitaxel with doxorubicin modified poly(amino acid)
Authors: He Qian , Huang Sheng , Xu Suying , Wang Leyu
Published: May 2015

A pH-responsive cocktail paclitaxel/doxorubicin nanocapsule with suitable size (around 100 nm), good biocompatibility and good cell targeting is developed via the assembly of poly(amino acid) for synergetic chemotherapy of cancers.
Self assembly of magnetic nanoparticles at silicon surfaces
Authors: Theis-Bröhl Katharina , Gutfreund Philipp , Vorobiev Alexei , Wolff Max , Toperverg Boris P. , Dura Joseph A. , Borchers Julie A.
Published: May 2015

Neutron reflectometry was used to determine interfacial ordering of ferrofluid particles near a Si surface, under shear, with an applied magnetic field, and without these influences.
Lanthanide metal–organic frameworks containing a novel flexible ligand for luminescence sensing of small organic molecules and selective adsorption
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Zhang Liangliang , Yang Jie , Liu Fuling , Dai Fangna , Wang Rongming , Sun Daofeng
Published: May 2015

Lanthanide MOFs with fluorescent sensing and selective adsorption have been synthesized and characterized based on a novel flexible ligand.
Chirality from substitution: enantiomer separation via a modified metal–organic framework
Authors: Zhao Jingshu , Li Haiwei , Han Yuzhen , Li Rui , Ding Xuesong , Feng Xiao , Wang Bo
Published: May 2015

A microporous MOF structure, d-his–ZIF-8, with a chiral environment was synthesized via ligand in situ substitution (LIS), which shows exceptional selective separation capability for racemic amino acids.
Synthesis of porous Cu2O/CuO cages using Cu-based metal–organic frameworks as templates and their gas-sensing properties
Authors: Wang Yiting , Lü Yinyun , Zhan Wenwen , Xie Zhaoxiong , Kuang Qin , Zheng Lansun
Published: May 2015

Porous Cu2O/CuO polyhedral cages with excellent gas-sensing properties were successfully fabricated by thermal decomposition of Cu-based metal–organic frameworks composed of polyhedral crystals.
Metal organic framework-derived Fe/C nanocubes toward efficient microwave absorption
Authors: Qiang Rong , Du Yunchen , Zhao Hongtao , Wang Ying , Tian Chunhua , Li Zhigang , Han Xijiang , Xu Ping
Published: May 2015

A novel MOF derivation method is used to prepare Fe/C nanocubes, which are constructed by a cubic framework of amorphous carbon decorated uniformly by Fe@graphitic carbon nanoparticles for microwave absorption.
Influence of deposition strategies on CdSe quantum dot-sensitized solar cells: a comparison between successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction and chemical bath deposition
Authors: Zhou Ru , Niu Haihong , Zhang Qifeng , Uchaker Evan , Guo Zhiqiang , Wan Lei , Miao Shiding , Xu Jinzhang , Cao Guozhong
Published: May 2015

Appreciable influences of deposition strategies on the assembly of QDs and the performance of the resultant QDSCs were highlighted.
Graphene oxide sheets-induced growth of nanostructured Fe3O4 for a high-performance anode material of lithium ion batteries
Authors: Meng Xiangfei , Xu Youlong , Sun Xiaofei , Wang Jie , Xiong Lilong , Du Xianfeng , Mao Shengchun
Published: May 2015

Nanostructured Fe3O4 is intrinsically prone to aggregation, which hinders insertion and extraction of lithium ions.
Unique surface modified aramid fibers with improved flame retardancy, tensile properties, surface activity and UV-resistance through in situ formation of hyperbranched polysiloxane–Ce0.8Ca0.2O1.8 hybrids
Authors: Zhu Xiaoling , Yuan Li , Liang Guozheng , Gu Aijuan
Published: May 2015

Unique aramid fibers with hyperbranched polysiloxane–Ce0.8Ca0.2O1.8 hybridized coating were prepared, which have outstanding flame retardancy, tensile properties, surface activity and UV-resistance owing to the nature and synergistic effect of hybrids.
New insight into structural transformation in Li-rich layered oxide during the initial charging
Authors: Shen Chong-Heng , Shen Shou-Yu , Fu Fang , Shi Chen-Guang , Zhang Hui-Yi , Pierre Mwizerwa Jean , Su Hang , Wang Qi , Xu Bin-Bin , Huang Ling , Li Jun-Tao , Sun Shi-Gang
Published: May 2015

In Li1.2Ni0.12Co0.15Mn0.53O2 oxide, four lines of lattice fringe from O3 rhombohedral phase are squeezed into two lines from spinel cubic phase at 4.70 V charged state under the effect of microstress.
Synthesis of cadmium sulfide quantum dot-decorated barium stannate nanowires for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Zhang Zemin , Li Xiaodong , Gao Caitian , Teng Feng , Wang Youqing , Chen Lulu , Han Weihua , Zhang Zhenxing , Xie Erqing
Published: May 2015

A staggered gap heterojunction has been built with BaSnO3 nanowires and CdS quantum dots for highly efficient water splitting photoanodes.
Rational design of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots for efficient photoelectrical conversion applications
Authors: Wang Hang-Xing , Xiao Juan , Yang Ze , Tang Hu , Zhu Zhen-Tong , Zhao Min , Liu Yu , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Hao-Li
Published: May 2015

Nitrogen and sulfur atom co-doped carbon dots can be used as a photosensitizer for high-performance photoelectrical conversion devices.
Stannous ions reducing graphene oxide at room temperature to produce SnOx-porous, carbon-nanofiber flexible mats as binder-free anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yan Feilong , Tang Xuan , Wei Yuehua , Chen Libao , Cao Guozhong , Zhang Ming , Wang Taihong
Published: May 2015

SnOx-porous carbon nanofiber flexible mats deliver a high reversible capacity of 545 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles at 200 mA g−1.
Synthesis of Co3O4/SnO2@MnO2 core–shell nanostructures for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Huang Ming , Zhao Xiao Li , Li Fei , Li Wei , Zhang Bo , Zhang Yu Xin
Published: May 2015

The synthesis of uniform Co3O4/SnO2@MnO2 core–shell nanostructures and their outstanding electrochemical properties for high-performance supercapacitors are demonstrated.
Effective blocking of the molecular aggregation of novel truxene-based emitters with spirobifluorene and electron-donating moieties for furnishing highly efficient non-doped blue-emitting OLEDs
Authors: Yao Chunliang , Yu Yue , Yang Xiaolong , Zhang Huiming , Huang Zuan , Xu Xianbin , Zhou Guijiang , Yue Ling , Wu Zhaoxin
Published: May 2015

An effective way of blocking molecular aggregation has been developed to bring highly efficient blue fluorescent non-doped truxene-based OLEDs.
LRRK2 dephosphorylation increases its ubiquitination
Authors: Zhao Jing , Molitor Tyler P. , Langston J. William , Nichols R. Jeremy
Published: May 2015

Activating mutations in the leucine rich repeat protein kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most common cause of inherited Parkinson's disease (PD). LRRK2 is phosphorylated on a cluster of phosphosites including Ser910, Ser935, Ser955 and Ser973, which are dephosphorylated in several PD-related LRRK2 mutants (N1437H, R1441C/G, Y1699C and I2020T) linking the regulation of these sites to PD. These serine residues are also dephosphorylated after kinase inhibition and lose 14-3-3 binding, which serves as a pharmacodynamic marker for inhibited LRRK2. Loss of 14-3-3 binding is well established, but the consequences of dephosphorylation are only now being uncovered. In the present study, we found that potent and selective inhibition of LRRK2 kinase activity leads to dephosphorylation of Ser935 then ubiquitination and degradation of a significant fraction of LRRK2. GNE1023 treatment decreased the phosphorylation and stability of LRRK2 in expression systems and endogenous LRRK2 in A549 cells and in mouse dosing studies. We next established that LRRK2 is ubiquitinated through at least Lys48 and Lys63 ubiquitin linkages in response to inhibition. To investigate the link between dephosphorylation induced by inhibitor treatment and LRRK2 ubiquitination, we studied LRRK2 in conditions where it is dephosphorylated such as expression of PD mutants [R1441G, Y1699C and I2020T] or by blocking 14-3-3 binding to LRRK2 via difopein expression, and found LRRK2 is hyper-ubiquitinated. Calyculin A treatment prevents inhibitor and PD mutant induced dephosphorylation and reverts LRRK2 to a lesser ubiquitinated species, thus directly implicating phosphatase activity in LRRK2 ubiquitination. This dynamic dephosphorylation–ubiquitination cycle could explain detrimental loss-of-function phenotypes found in peripheral tissues of LRRK2 kinase inactive mutants, LRRK2 KO (knockout) animals and following LRRK2 inhibitor administration.
The motor function of Drosophila melanogaster myosin-5 is activated by calcium and cargo-binding protein dRab11
Authors: Ji Huan-Hong , Zhang Hai-Man , Shen Mei , Yao Lin-Lin , Li Xiang-dong
Published: May 2015

In the Drosophila melanogaster compound eye, myosin-5 (DmM5) plays two distinct roles in response to light stimulation: transport of pigment granules to the rhabdomere base to decrease light exposure and transport of rhodopsin-bearing vesicles to the rhabdomere base to compensate for the rhodopsin loss during light exposure. However, little is known of how the motor function of DmM5 is regulated at the molecular level. In the present study, we overexpressed DmM5 in Sf9 insect cells and investigated its regulation using purified proteins. We found that the actin-activated ATPase activity of DmM5 is significantly lower than that of the truncated DmM5 having the C-terminal globular tail domain (GTD) deleted, indicating that the GTD is the inhibitory domain. The actin-activated ATPase activity of DmM5 is significantly activated by micromolar levels of calcium. DmM5 associates with pigment granules and rhodopsin-bearing vesicles through cargo-binding proteins Lightoid (Ltd) and dRab11 respectively. We found that GTP-bound dRab11, but not Ltd, significantly activates DmM5 actin-activated ATPase activity. Moreover, we identified Gln1689 in the GTD as the critical residue for the interaction with dRab11 and activation of DmM5 motor function by dRab11. Based on those results, we propose that DmM5-dependent transport of pigment granules is directly activated by light-induced calcium influx and the DmM5-dependent transport of rhodopsin-bearing vesicle is activated by active GTP-bound dRab11, whose formation is stimulated by light-induced calcium influx.
The enzyme activities of Caf1 and Ccr4 are both required for deadenylation by the human Ccr4–Not nuclease module
Authors: Maryati Maryati , Airhihen Blessing , Winkler G. Sebastiaan
Published: May 2015

In eukaryotic cells, the shortening and removal of the poly(A) tail (deadenylation) of cytoplasmic mRNA is a key event in regulated mRNA degradation. A major enzyme involved in deadenylation is the Ccr4–Not deadenylase complex, which can be recruited to its target mRNA by RNA-binding proteins or the miRNA repression complex. In addition to six non-catalytic components, the complex contains two enzymatic subunits with ribonuclease activity: Ccr4 and Caf1 (Pop2). In vertebrates, each deadenylase subunit is encoded by two paralogues: Caf1, which can interact with the anti-proliferative protein BTG2, is encoded by CNOT7 and CNOT8, whereas Ccr4 is encoded by the highly similar genes CNOT6 and CNOT6L. Currently, it is unclear whether the catalytic subunits work co-operatively or whether the nuclease components have unique roles in deadenylation. We therefore developed a method to express and purify a minimal human BTG2–Caf1–Ccr4 nuclease sub-complex from bacterial cells. By using chemical inhibition and well-characterized inactivating amino acid substitutions, we demonstrate that the enzyme activities of Caf1 and Ccr4 are both required for deadenylation in vitro. These results indicate that Caf1 and Ccr4 cooperate in mRNA deadenylation and suggest that the enzyme activities of Caf1 and Ccr4 are regulated via allosteric interactions within the nuclease module.
Loss of protein targeting to glycogen sensitizes human hepatocellular carcinoma cells towards glucose deprivation mediated oxidative stress and cell death
Authors: Yang Rongqiang , Zhang Mei , Gustafson Amber Renee , Wang Eugenia , Cole Marsha Paulette , Tooley Christine Elizabeth Schaner , Cheng Alan
Published: May 2015

Protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) is a ubiquitously expressed scaffolding protein that critically regulates glycogen levels in many tissues, including the liver, muscle and brain. However, its importance in transformed cells has yet to be explored in detail. Since recent studies have demonstrated an important role for glycogen metabolism in cancer cells, we decided to assess the effect of PTG levels on the ability of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells to respond to metabolic stress. Although PTG expression did not significantly affect the proliferation of HepG2 cells under normal culture conditions, we determined that PTG plays an important role during glucose deprivation. Overexpression of PTG protected cells from cell death in the absence of glucose, whereas knocking down PTG further promoted cytotoxicity, as measured by the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the media. Additionally, we demonstrated that PTG attenuates glucose deprivation induced haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, suggesting that PTG protects against glucose deprivation-induced oxidative stress. Indeed, treating cells with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) rescued cells from cytotoxicity caused by glucose deprivation. Finally, we showed that loss of PTG resulted in enhanced autophagy. In control cells, glucose deprivation suppressed autophagy as determined by the increase in the levels of p62, an autophagy substrate. However, in knockdown cells, this suppression was relieved. Blockade of autophagy also attenuated cytotoxicity from glucose deprivation in PTG knockdown cells. Taken together, our findings identify a novel role for PTG in protecting hepatocellular carcinoma cells from metabolic stress, in part by regulating oxidative stress and autophagy.
Efficient replica bitline technique for variation‐tolerant timing generation scheme of SRAM sense amplifiers
Authors: Lu Wenjuan , Peng Chunyu , Tao Youwu , Li Zhengping
Published: May 2015

An efficient replica bitline (RBL) technique for reducing the variation of sense amplifier enable (SAE) timing is proposed. Both RBLs and four‐fold replica cells compared with the conventional RBL technique are utilised to favour the desired operations. Simulation results show that the standard deviation of SAE can be suppressed by 44.25% and the cycle time is also reduced by ∼30% at a 0.8 V supply voltage in TSMC 65 nm technology. Additionally, the area of the proposed scheme is nearly the same as that of the conventional RBL scheme.
Eco‐driving at signalised intersections for electric vehicles
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yao Enjian
Published: May 2015

The effectiveness of electric vehicle (EV) on energy consumption reduction and traffic pollutant emission mitigation is highly expected for its high energy efficiency and zero‐emission during running. However, there is a popular belief that the popularisation of EV is hindered by the cruising range limitation and the charging process inconvenience. The driving behaviours have an effect on EV energy consumption, which relates to the extending of EVs’ cruising range. Meanwhile, since the EV consumes lots of energy in urban road when approaching the traffic light, this study focuses on the study of EV eco‐driving at signalised intersections with the support of cooperative vehicle infrastructure system technologies. First, by employing the chassis dynamometer test, a microscopic energy consumption rate model for different operation modes is presented. Then, based on driving behaviour analysis, an eco‐driving model is established that provides velocity profile for EV eco‐driving according to the current vehicle status information and traffic information, especially the signal phasing and timing information. Finally, the energy saving effect of the eco‐driving model is fully evaluated with an example application. The results show that the eco‐driving strategies advised by the proposed model have good performance on energy consumption reduction.
Wideband circularly polarised array antenna with flat‐top beam pattern
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐ya , Liu Neng‐wu , Zuo Shaoli , Li Yang , Fu Guang
Published: May 2015

A wideband circularly polarised array antenna consisting of 10‐element bowtie dipole antenna and feed network is presented. A narrow patch connecting the pair of bowtie dipoles as an entity is employed to achieve high gain. To obtain wideband and flat‐top beam of radiation patterns, amplitude and phase distribution along the feed are optimised by application of the Self‐adaptive Differential Evolution algorithm. Particularly, the feed network with broadband phase shift performance is designed to satisfy bandwidth requirement ranging from 1.1 to 1.6 GHz. The proposed antenna can achieve an excellent impedance matching and Axial Ratio characteristics over the entire operating band. Moreover, the ripple of co‐polarisation radiation pattern covering ±12° in the elevation plane is better than 0.92 dB; whereas the gain is also better than 11.8 dB and the side lobes are below −13 dB. Measured results validate the design concept and indicate that the proposed array exhibits good radiation characteristics.
Macroscopic strain controlled ion current in an elastomeric microchannel
Authors: Kuo Chin-Chang , Li Yongxue , Nguyen Du , Buchsbaum Steven , Innes Laura , Esser-Kahn Aaron P. , Valdevit Lorenzo , Sun Lizhi , Siwy Zuzanna , Dennin Michael
Published: May 2015

We report on the fabrication of an ultra-high aspect ratio ionically conductive single microchannel with tunable diameter from ≈ 20 μm to fully closed. The 4 mm-long channel is fabricated in a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold and its cross-sectional area is controlled by applying macroscopic compressive strain to the mold in a direction perpendicular to the channel length. We investigated the ionic conduction properties of the channel. For a wide range of compressive strain up to ≈ 0.27, the strain dependence of the resistance is monotonic and fully reversible. For strain > 0.27, ionic conduction suddenly shuts off and the system becomes hysteretic (whereby a finite strain reduction is required to reopen the channel). Upon unloading, the original behavior is retrieved. This reversible behavior is observed over 200 compression cycles. The cross-sectional area of the channel can be inferred from the ion current measurement, as confirmed by a Nano-Computed Tomography investigation. We show that the cross-sectional area decreases monotonically with the applied compressive strain in the reversible range, in qualitative agreement with linear elasticity theory. We find that the shut-off strain is affected by the spatial extent of the applied strain, which provides additional tunability. Our tunable channel is well-suited for multiple applications in micro/nano-fluidic devices.
The critical parameters in in-situ MgB2 wires and tapes with ex-situ MgB2 barrier after hot isostatic pressure, cold drawing, cold rolling and doping
Authors: Gajda D. , Morawski A. , Zaleski A. J. , Häßler W. , Nenkov K. , Rindfleisch M. A. , Żuchowska E. , Gajda G. , Czujko T. , Cetner T , Hossain M. S. A.
Published: May 2015

MgB2 precursor wires were prepared using powder in tube technique by Institute of High Pressure PAS in Warsaw. All samples were annealed under isostatic pressure generated by liquid Argon in the range from 0.3 GPa to 1 GPa. In this paper, we show the effects of different processing routes, namely, cold drawing (CD), cold rolling (CR), hot isostatic pressure (HIP) and doping on critical current density (Jc), pinning force (Fp), irreversible magnetic-field (Birr), critical temperature (Tc), n value, and dominant pinning mechanism in MgB2/Fe wires with ex situ MgB2 barrier. The results show that medium pressures (∼0.35 GPa) lead to high Jc in low and medium magnetic fields (0 T – 9 T). On the other hand, higher pressures (∼1 GPa) lead to enhanced Jc in high magnetic fields (above 9 T). Transport measurements show that CD, CR, and HIP have small effects on Birr and Tc, but CD, CR, HIP, and doping enhance Jc and Fp in in situ MgB2 wires with ex situ MgB2 barrier. Transport measurements on in situ undoped MgB2 wire with ex situ MgB2 barrier yield a Jc of about 100 A/mm2 at 4.2 K in 6 T, at 10 K in 4 T and at 20 K in 2 T. The results also show that cold drawing causes increase of n value.
Edge waves and resonances in two-dimensional phononic crystal plates
Authors: Hsu Jin-Chen , Hsu Chih-Hsun
Published: May 2015

We present a numerical study on phononic band gaps and resonances occurring at the edge of a semi-infinite two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystal plate. The edge supports localized edge waves coupling to evanescent phononic plate modes that decay exponentially into the semi-infinite phononic crystal plate. The band-gap range and the number of edge-wave eigenmodes can be tailored by tuning the distance between the edge and the semi-infinite 2D phononic lattice. As a result, a phononic band gap for simultaneous edge waves and plate waves is created, and phononic cavities beside the edge can be built to support high-frequency edge resonances. We design an L3 edge cavity and analyze its resonance characteristics. Based on the band gap, high quality factor and strong confinement of resonant edge modes are achieved. The results enable enhanced control over acoustic energy flow in phononic crystal plates, which can be used in designing micro and nanoscale resonant devices and coupling of edge resonances to other types of phononic or photonic crystal cavities.
On integrability of some bi-Hamiltonian two field systems of partial differential equations
Authors: De Sole Alberto , Kac Victor G. , Turhan Refik
Published: May 2015

We continue the study of integrability of bi-Hamiltonian systems with a compatible pair of local Poisson structures (H0, H1), where H0 is a strongly skew-adjoint operator. This is applied to the construction of some new two field integrable systems of PDE by taking the pair (H0, H1) in the family of compatible Poisson structures that arose in the study of cohomology of moduli spaces of curves.
Increased magnetic moment induced by lattice expansion from α-Fe to α′-Fe8N
Authors: Dirba Imants , Komissinskiy Philipp , Gutfleisch Oliver , Alff Lambert
Published: May 2015

Buffer-free and epitaxial α-Fe and α′-Fe8Nx thin films have been grown by RF magnetron sputtering onto MgO (100) substrates. The film thicknesses were determined with high accuracy by evaluating the Kiessig fringes of X-ray reflectometry measurements allowing a precise volume estimation. A gradual increase of the nitrogen content in the plasma led to an expansion of the iron bcc unit cell along the [001] direction resulting finally in a tetragonal distortion of about 10% corresponding to the formation of α′-Fe8N. The α-Fe lattice expansion was accompanied by an increase in magnetic moment to 2.61 ± 0.06μB per Fe atom and a considerable increase in anisotropy. These experiments show that—without requiring any additional ordering of the nitrogen atoms—the lattice expansion of α-Fe itself is the origin of the increased magnetic moment in α′-Fe8N.
Constitutive models for linear compressible viscoelastic flows of simple liquids at nanometer length scales
Authors: Chakraborty Debadi , Sader John E.
Published: May 2015

Simple bulk liquids such as water are commonly assumed to be Newtonian. While this assumption holds widely, the fluid-structure interaction of mechanical devices at nanometer scales can probe the intrinsic molecular relaxation processes in a surrounding liquid. This was recently demonstrated through measurement of the high frequency (20 GHz) linear mechanical vibrations of bipyramidal nanoparticles in simple liquids [Pelton et al., “Viscoelastic flows in simple liquids generated by vibrating nanostructures,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 244502 (2013)]. In this article, we review and critically assess the available constitutive equations for compressible viscoelastic flows in their linear limits—such models are required for analysis of the above-mentioned measurements. We show that previous models, with the exception of a very recent proposal, do not reproduce the required response at high frequency. We explain the physical origin of this recent model and show that it recovers all required features of a linear viscoelastic flow. This constitutive equation thus provides a rigorous foundation for the analysis of vibrating nanostructures in simple liquids. The utility of this model is demonstrated by solving the fluid-structure interaction of two common problems: (1) a sphere executing radial oscillations in liquid, which depends strongly on the liquid compressibility and (2) the extensional mode vibration of bipyramidal nanoparticles in liquid, where the effects of liquid compressibility are negligible. This highlights the importance of shear and compressional relaxation processes, as a function of flow geometry, and the impact of the shear and bulk viscosities on nanometer scale flows.
Probing the cross-effect of strains in non-linear elasticity of nearly regular polymer networks by pure shear deformation
Authors: Katashima Takuya , Urayama Kenji , Chung Ung-il , Sakai Takamasa
Published: May 2015

The pure shear deformation of the Tetra-polyethylene glycol gels reveals the presence of an explicit cross-effect of strains in the strain energy density function even for the polymer networks with nearly regular structure including no appreciable amount of structural defect such as trapped entanglement. This result is in contrast to the expectation of the classical Gaussian network model (Neo Hookean model), i.e., the vanishing of the cross effect in regular networks with no trapped entanglement. The results show that (1) the cross effect of strains is not dependent on the network-strand length; (2) the cross effect is not affected by the presence of non-network strands; (3) the cross effect is proportional to the network polymer concentration including both elastically effective and ineffective strands; (4) no cross effect is expected exclusively in zero limit of network concentration in real polymer networks. These features indicate that the real polymer networks with regular network structures have an explicit cross-effect of strains, which originates from some interaction between network strands (other than entanglement effect) such as nematic interaction, topological interaction, and excluded volume interaction.
Controllable spin polarization and spin filtering in a zigzag silicene nanoribbon
Authors: Farokhnezhad Mohsen , Esmaeilzadeh Mahdi , Ahmadi Somaieh , Pournaghavi Nezhat
Published: May 2015

Using non-equilibrium Green's function, we study the spin-dependent electron transport properties in a zigzag silicene nanoribbon. To produce and control spin polarization, it is assumed that two ferromagnetic strips are deposited on the both edges of the silicene nanoribbon and an electric field is perpendicularly applied to the nanoribbon plane. The spin polarization is studied for both parallel and anti-parallel configurations of exchange magnetic fields induced by the ferromagnetic strips. We find that complete spin polarization can take place in the presence of perpendicular electric field for anti-parallel configuration and the nanoribbon can work as a perfect spin filter. The spin direction of transmitted electrons can be easily changed from up to down and vice versa by reversing the electric field direction. For parallel configuration, perfect spin filtering can occur even in the absence of electric field. In this case, the spin direction can be changed by changing the electron energy. Finally, we investigate the effects of nonmagnetic Anderson disorder on spin dependent conductance and find that the perfect spin filtering properties of nanoribbon are destroyed by strong disorder, but the nanoribbon retains these properties in the presence of weak disorder.
Infrared spectroscopy of Mg–CO2 and Al–CO2 complexes in helium nanodroplets
Authors: Thomas Brandon J. , Harruff-Miller Barbara A. , Bunker Christopher E. , Lewis William K.
Published: May 2015

The catalytic reduction of CO2 to produce hydrocarbon fuels is a topic that has gained significant attention. Development of efficient catalysts is a key enabler to such approaches, and metal-based catalysts have shown promise towards this goal. The development of a fundamental understanding of the interactions between CO2 molecules and metal atoms is expected to offer insight into the chemistry that occurs at the active site of such catalysts. In the current study, we utilize helium droplet methods to assemble complexes composed of a CO2 molecule and a Mg or Al atom. High-resolution infrared (IR) spectroscopy and optically selected mass spectrometry are used to probe the structure and binding of the complexes, and the experimental observations are compared with theoretical results determined from ab initio calculations. In both the Mg–CO2 and Al–CO2 systems, two IR bands are obtained: one assigned to a linear isomer and the other assigned to a T-shaped isomer. In the case of the Mg–CO2 complexes, the vibrational frequencies and rotational constants associated with the two isomers are in good agreement with theoretical values. In the case of the Al–CO2 complexes, the vibrational frequencies agree with theoretical predictions; however, the bands from both structural isomers exhibit significant homogeneous broadening sufficient to completely obscure the rotational structure of the bands. The broadening is consistent with an upper state lifetime of 2.7 ps for the linear isomer and 1.8 ps for the T-shaped isomer. The short lifetime is tentatively attributed to a prompt photo-induced chemical reaction between the CO2 molecule and the Al atom comprising the complex.
The role of neutral point defects in carrier mobility degradation in bulk 4H-SiC and at 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface: First-principles investigation using Green's functions
Authors: Iskandarova I. , Khromov K. , Knizhnik A. , Potapkin B.
Published: May 2015

We performed fully ab initio calculations of carrier mobility in bulk 4H-SiC and at 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface containing some neutral point defects such as silicon and carbon substitutionals, carbon dimers, and oxygen interstitials using Green's functions technique. Obtained values are ∼10–80 cm2/V·s, which is in reasonable agreement with experiment. It is shown that the presence of such defects with concentrations as low as 1%–3% may give significant contribution to mobility degradation. Concentration dependence of mobility comes to saturation at the maximal considered defects concentration of 3%.
Improvement of reliability and power consumption for SnSb4 phase change film composited with Ga3Sb7 by superlattice-like method
Authors: Hu Yifeng , Zhai Jiwei , Zeng Huarong , Song Sannian , Song Zhitang
Published: May 2015

Superlattice-like (SLL) SnSb4/Ga3Sb7 (SS/GS) thin films were investigated through in-situ film resistance measurement. The optical band gap was derived from the transmittance spectra by using a UV-visible-NIR (ultraviolet-visible-near infrared) spectrophotometer. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the micro-structure before and after annealing. Phase change memory cells based on the SLL [SS(3 nm)/GS(4.5 nm)]7 thin films were fabricated to test and verify the operation consumption and switching endurance. The scanning thermal microscopy was used to probe the nanoscale thermal property.
Modal time correlation functions for homogeneous isotropic turbulence in a projection operator method
Authors: Okamura Makoto
Published: May 2015

Applying a projection operator method to homogeneous isotropic turbulence in the Lagrangian and Eulerian specifications of the flow field, we obtain a closure equation, which is called the similarity approximation (SA) equation, for the time correlation function. We compare its solutions with the time correlation function obtained from direct numerical simulation in the Eulerian specification and with that obtained from direct interaction approximation in the Lagrangian specification. Results of the comparison show that the SA equation can express time correlation for homogeneous isotropic turbulence in the Lagrangian and Eulerian specifications.