bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoustic impedance to outcrop: Presenting near-surface seismic data as a virtual outcrop in carbonate analog studies
Authors: Ramdani Ahmad , Perbawa Andika , Puspita Ingrid , Vahrenkamp Volker
Published: September 2022

Outcrop analogs play a central role in understanding subseismic interwell depositional facies heterogeneity of carbonate reservoirs. Outcrop geologists rarely utilize near-surface seismic data due to the limited vertical resolution and difficulty visualizing seismic signals as “band-limited rocks.” This study proposes a methodology using a combination of forward modeling and conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) to translate seismic-derived acoustic impedance (AI) into a pseudo-high-resolution virtual outcrop. We tested the methodology on the Hanifa reservoir analog outcropping in Wadi Birk, Saudi Arabia. We interpret a 4 km long outcrop photomosaic from a digital outcrop model (DOM) for its depositional facies, populate the DOM with AI properties, and forward calculate the band-limited AI of the DOM facies using colored inversion. We pair the synthetic band-limited AI with DOM facies and train them using a cGAN. Similarly, we pair the DOM facies with outcrop photos and train them using a cGAN. We chain the two trained networks and apply them to the approximately 600 m long seismic-derived AI data acquired just behind the outcrop. The result translates AI images into a virtual outcrop “behind-the-outcrop” model. This virtual outcrop model is a visual medium that operates at a resolution and format more familiar to outcrop geologists. This model resolves subseismic stratigraphic features such as the intricate downlap-onlap stratal termination at scales of tens of centimeters and the outline of buildup facies, which are otherwise unresolvable in the band-limited AI.
Emotional and behavioral problems of 7-11 year old children in war-torn Nagorno–Karabakh region in Azerbaijan
Authors: Osmanli N. , Babayev A. , Rustamov I. , Munir K.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The emotional, behavioral and psychosocial effects of chaotic environments following wars and armed conflicts in terms of exposure to trauma and displacement is well recognized. School-age children who are directly exposed to or witnessed negative effects of armed conflicts show an array of emotional and behavioral problems.

Objectives

Our study aimed to examine the mental health conditions of children living in war and conflict zones and attending primary schools in Agdam.

Methods

The study sample comprised of 617 children (mean age 8.9, SD 1.24; 50.7% female), residing in the conflict areas in the southwestern of Azerbaijan. The children were evaluated with the previously validated Azerbaijani version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Teacher Form.

Results

About a third of children (32.7%) had abnormal total scores, and a fifth (21.4%) were in borderline range. The SDQ subscale scores included emotional problems (19.4%); conduct problems (20.3%), hyperactivity/inattention (12.2%), peer relationship problems (31.1%), and pro-social behavior difficulties (13.1%). As a result, externalizing problem scores were higher in males (p<.001) and internalizing problems in females (p<.05). Due to correlation analysis, age is negatively and significantly related with externalising (p<.05), internalising (p<.01), and total difficulty (p<.05) scores.

Conclusions

The findings of the study show that more than half of the children living in the war zone in Azerbaijan suffer from mental health problems and highlight the need for child mental health services and family supports in the region.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
“Dad is feeling blue”: what to know about paternal perinatal depression
Authors: Peixoto C. , Rego D. , Cruz M. , Medeiros H.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The transition into parenthood is associated with an increased psychopathological vulnerability. Most studies have focused on mothers, although recently, the role of fathers has grown more importance. Paternal perinatal depression (PPD) is an episode of major depressive disorder occurring in new or expectant fathers during the perinatal period. PPD is not widely acknowledged and research are rare.

Objectives

The authors intend to review the literature about PPD, focusing on its prevalence, risk factors, clinical features, treatment and consequences.

Methods

Non-systematic review of the literature through PubMed.

Results

A meta-analysis of PPD estimated a prevalence of 10.4%. Risk factors of PPD are multiple and complex. There are sociodemographic factors, such as marital status, monthly income and social support. Psychological factors, for instance history of depression, maternal prenatal anxiety and maternal depression. Some literature also suggests hormonal changes on men like increase estrogen and lower testosterone levels. PPD can present with symptoms of mood alterations, like irritability and restricted emotions, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite. Also common are behavioural disturbances such as interpersonal conflicts, impulsivity, violence, avoidance behaviour, and substance abuse. There are no studies to specific treatments to PPD, so the treatment is the same for women, such as antidepressants and psychotherapy. If untreated, PPD can have an adverse influence on the health and wellbeing of the mother and child.

Conclusions

PPD is still underscreened, underdiagnosed and undertreated. It is fundamental identifying risk factors and the development of specific interventions. Further research on PPD is needed.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Is TikTok increasing the number of self-diagnoses of ADHD in young people?
Authors: Gilmore R. , Beezhold J. , Selwyn V. , Howard R. , Bartolome I. , Henderson N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

TikTok is a free mobile application, that enables users to create short videos. TikTok has an estimated one billion monthly active users, comprised of a mostly younger audience. There has been a noticed rise in content discussing ADHD – hashtag ADHD on TikTok has 6.3 billion views. The discussions continue on Twitter, where users are reporting watching TikTok content explaining ADHD symptomatology, subsequently relating to the condition and requesting referrals to specialist psychiatry services. This study aims to identify key themes in discussions around TikTok and ADHD, and its ramifications.

Objectives

This study’s objective is to discuss the relationship between viewing ADHD content of TikTok and self-diagnoses of ADHD in young people.

Methods

In our study, Twitter posts were identified with the words ‘ADHD’ and ‘TikTok’ and established key themes relating to self-diagnosis of ADHD.

Results

Numerous tweets were found discussing individual’s experiences of self-diagnosis of ADHD after watching TikTok videos and relating with the symptomology. Furthermore, many users discussed their efforts to seek diagnosis from psychiatrists. These posts highlighted positive discussion of mental health, and the improvement in quality of life since diagnosis.

Conclusions

Many young people are self-diagnosing ADHD after viewing TikTok videos. This may improve mental health stigma, however the expertise of the video creators should be scrutinised. Furthermore, the impact on already stretched waiting lists should be considered, with individuals who’s perceived ADHD traits are not impacting on their quality of life.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
National Mental Health Platform in Egypt, Revolution of Mental Health Services
Authors: Noby S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The General Secretariat of Mental Health and Addiction Treatment is a governmental body dedicated to the provision of mental health services in Ministry of Health in Egypt. Moreover, in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in Egypt, on line, advice tips, and counseling through the hotline services have became available through social media sites the past few months. Such digital remote MH services were very much welcomed by social media users. In the same time, for mental health professionals, the opportunity to provide help in this time of crisis – without an in-person consultation – was very desirable. In addition to the prevailing stigma of MH condition in the Egyptian culture, which this remote approach overcome it. Effective innovations in the field of mental health have the potential to change the face of mental health care, not only during pandemics but also in routine daily life.

Objectives

1. Develop a National strategy for E-Mental Health in Egypt. 2. Develop the National mental health platform as a universal implementation tool.

Methods

This project conducted in collaboration with WHO in Egypt, It run in 3 phases: Strategy, planning and infrastructure: include needs assessment and software development. Finalizing infrastructure, adaptation of the content Deployment: include training of the service providers on the usage of the adapted M.H platform, launching and advocacy.

Results

Development of E-Mental Health strategy, Development of National Mental Health Platform, Training of 50 therapists on digital mental health services.

Conclusions

National Mental Health Platform is the future road of mental health services in Egypt

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Resilience and its association with post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression symptomatology in the aftermath of trauma: a cross-sectional study from Nepal
Authors: Dhungana S. , Koirala R. , Ojha S. , Thapa S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Resilience is a multidimensional construct. Despite being quoted as protective against mental disorders, it remains largely unexplored in our context.

Objectives

We attempted to explore the role of resilience in the development of various psychiatric symptoms as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder following trauma in clinical population in a psychiatry outpatient of a university hospital.

Methods

We interviewed one hundred patients who sought treatment in psychiatry outpatient in a university hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. We collected sociodemographic and trauma related information using semi-structured interview format. Other instruments used were the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 2.1 for trauma categorization, the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian version to measure the post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and the 25-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 to assess the level of depression and anxiety symptoms. We used Nepali adapted resilience scale derived from the original Wagnild and Young Resilience scale to measure resilience. We explored the associations between resilience scores and the scores on depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder using bivariate and multivariate analysis.

Results

Resilience had negative correlations with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms after adjusting for other variables such as gender, marital status, employment status, socioeconomic status and trauma types which were observed to have significant association in the bivariate analysis.

Conclusions

There was inverse correlation between resilience scores and depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Resilience should be considered in studies involving trauma population.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Valproic acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy: a clinical case
Authors: Felizardo M. , Freitas C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Valproic acid is a psychotropic drug used for several years, due to its properties as a mood stabilizer, being considered as first-line treatment for bipolar disorder. In addition to its teratogenic potential, which prevents its recommendation for the treatment of bipolar disorder in women of childbearing age, valproic acid is associated with some side effects, such as gastrointestinal symptoms, alopecia, weight gain, tremor or hepatotoxicity. Hyperammonemia is a side effect that is little described, but relatively frequent, and may progress to variable encephalopathy.

Objectives

The authors describe a clinical case of a 48-year-old female patient, hospitalized due to a manic episode, who was prescribed valproic acid, in association with lorazepam and olanzapine.

Methods

After three days on a dose of 1000mg of valproic acid, the patient began an acute condition of confusion, psychomotor retardation, temporal-spatial disorientation and ataxia. Infection, electrolyte disturbance and acute cerebral event were excluded. Noteworthy only hyperammonemia. Valproic acid was withdrawn and replaced by lithium, with the patient recovering from the confusional state two days later.

Results

Hyperamonemic encephalopathy secondary to valproic acid was concluded. The mechanisms of valproic acid-linked hyperammonemia are not clear, although it appears to be independent of hepatotoxicity. The most studied hypotheses are related to glutamine reabsorption and serum levels carnitine in patients medicated with valproic acid.

Conclusions

It is essential that there is a high level of suspicion in clinicians for this secondary effect of valproic acid, in order to adequately treat the patient who presents with acute confusional conditions, not explained by other complications.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Effect of the vision suppression on the graphomotor gesture in school aged children typically developed and with handwriting disorders
Authors: Lopez C. , Vaivre-Douret L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The knowledge aboutthe integration of letter motor programs during learning to write support the idea of an interdependence of visual and kinesthetic controls to direct the strokes.

Objectives

The objective of our study is to analyze the effect of the vision suppression both on the postural-gestural organization and on the spatial/temporal/kinematic parameters in a prescriptural task.

Methods

35 school aged children with handwriting disorders (HD group) aged 6-11 years and 35 matched typical children were included in the study. They performed a prescriptural task of copying a cycloid line of loops, carried out under two conditions, with open eyes versus closed eyes. Postural-gestural measures were recorded with two video cameras allowing 2D reconstruction of the gesture. Spatial/temporal/kinematic measures were recorded with a digital pen.

Results

The HD group showed a significantly poorer postural control and an improvement in the spatial/temporal/kinematic parameters of the loops when they closed their eyes compared to eyes open. In typical group, the postural-gestural organization became significantly more mature but with no significant influence on the spatial/temporal/kinematic parameters of the loops.

Conclusions

HDs could be partly explained by a deficit in the processing of proprioceptive/kinesthetic feedback and a disruptive effect of the visual control on the quality of the prescriptural drawings. The ability to direct the strokes would remain dependent on sensory feedbacks, themselves insufficiently efficient, which would lead to difficulties in reaching a proactive control of handwriting. These results should be able to enhance clinical practices and to contribute to clinical decision making processes for handwriting disorders remediation.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The psychology of kink: A survey study investigating stigma and psychological mechanisms in BDSM
Authors: Schuerwegen A. , Morrens M. , Wuyts E. , Huys W. , Goethals K. , De Zeeuw-Jans I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The past years BDSM (an acronym for bondage and discipline, dominance and submission, and sadism and masochism) has gained a significant amount of attention and popularity in the general population, portraying an inaccurate image of BDSM and the people who share these interests. Yet despite this increasing popularity, only little empirical research has focused on this subject and it’s possible driving mechanisms so far, sustaining the existing misconceptions and stigma towards BDSM in general and BDSM practitioners in specific.

Objectives

We aimed to gain more insights on understanding the underlying psychological mechanisms, such as sensation seeking and coping, in people who participate in BDSM-related activities, as well as into the factors which contribute to the existing stigma and discrimination

Methods

In a national survey study 256 Dutch-speaking BDSM-practitioners were compared to a matched sample of people from the general Belgian population (N = 300) who lack any interest in BDSM in two separate studies.

Results

About 86% of the general population maintained stigmatizing beliefs about these sexual interests and practices. In regard to sensation seeking and coping, compared to controls, BDSM practitioners reported signifcantly higher levels of sensation seeking for all dimensions, as well as the use of more active coping skills.

Conclusions

People who do not conform to the current social standards of our society often seem to remain the subject of stigmatization and discrimination. Further research is needed to explore the psychological processes that drive BDSM interests in order to destigmatize and normalize consensual BDSM-related activities.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Causal determinants of complex PTSD in Syrian refugee children living in informal settlements in Lebanon
Authors: Biazoli C. , Pluess M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Displaced refugee children with a history of war exposure are at risk of developing complex and severe forms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Objectives

Search for the most relevant causal predictors of complex PTSD in a prospective cohort of Syrian refugee children living in informal settlements in Lebanon (N=1007).

Methods

A latent class unsupervised analysis was carried out to determine clusters with complex PTSD presentation at the follow-up assessment. A new exploratory causal discovering modelling approach was applied using 97 multilevel psychosocial variables as predictors (Biazoli et al., 2021). Associations between discovered candidate causal factors assessed at baseline with a presumed diagnosis of complex PTSD one year later were calculated using a multiple logistic regression model.

Results

Several putative causal factors emerged: perceived social coherence of the neighbourhood (Positive Predictive Value increase: 1.22); impulsivity (1.25), self-efficacy (1.23) and depressive symptoms (1.15) at the parental level; positive home experiences (1.16) at the family level; and child-level factors such as being forced to work (1.22), being a victim of verbal or physical bullying (1.19), loneliness (1.17) and well-being (1.18). In further confirmatory multiple logistic regression analysis and after correction for multiple comparisons, verbal or physical bullying victimization (p=.005) and caregiver depressive symptoms (p=.0004) at baseline were associated with complex PTSD presentations one year later.

Conclusions

Our results support the need for a multi-level psychosocial care model to prevent psychological distress and promote mental health in refugee children. Specifically, our results suggest that programs tackling caregiver’s mental health and children’s exposure to violence might effectively prevent complex PTSD.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Addressing the sexual and reproductive health of women with Bipolar Disease
Authors: Vieira A. , Ramalheira F. , Caldas I. , Vidó I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness (SMI) with an estimated lifetime prevalence of around 1%, starting in young adulthood and progressing with acute episodes. Although there is no significant prevalence difference between the sexes, the course of the disorder may be more problematic in women, due to hormonal and reproductive factors. Moreover, hypersexuality and impulsive sexual behaviour can manifest as part of a manic or hypomanic episodes, with devastating effects on the physical and emotional health of these patients.

Objectives

To highlight the pertinent issues related to sexual and reproductive health of women with BD.

Methods

A non systematic review of the literature from the last 10 years was carried out using the electronic databases, Pubmed and Google Scholar. The literature search was confined to papers written in English. The keywords ‘sexual health’, ‘reproductive health’, were combined with ‘bipolar disorder’ and ‘women’.

Results

The literature points to an increased incidence of unsafe sexual practices (unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, trading sex) as well as poor reproductive and sexual health (increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases, high risk of unwanted pregnancies and abortions, low use of contraceptives, menstrual and fertility problems). Female patients with BD are also more likely to report history of sexual abuse.

Conclusions

Attention and counseling regarding effective contraception, planning a pregnancy and risk of sexually transmitted diseases, among others, should be an integral part of health care received by all women with bipolar disorder.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychological maltreatment and self-compassion - the mediating role of shame and perspective-taking
Authors: Vizin G. , Szőcs H. , Illyés Z.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Psychological maltreatment such as emotional abuse or neglect is a serious risk factor for poorer mental and somatic health outcomes in life. A higher rate of psychological maltreatment experienced in childhood is a predictor of aversive emotional states such as shame, and can negatively influence factors of mentalization such as perspective-taking capacity in adulthood. However, emotional abuse or neglect are also negative predictors of self-compassion.

Objectives

The purpose of the study was to test two mediating models. We hypothesized, that reduced perspective-taking capacity, as well as higher levels of shame due to psychological maltreatment can be causally linked to lower levels of self-compassion.

Methods

We collected data from 120 healthy subjects (mean age=29.46, SD = 7.55) from Hungary We used Experience of Shame Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Childhood Trauma Scale, and the Self-Compassion Scale in our cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Results

Psychological maltreatment is a significant negative predictor of self-compassion (b=-0,712; p<0.05), and shame seems to play a mediating role in this relationship (effect size= 0.231; p<0.05). Psychological maltreatment was not a statistically significant predictor of perspective-taking.

Conclusions

Our results highlight that shame has a central role between childhood traumatization and psychological well-being. In the case of early emotional maltreatment we have to focus on shame for higher levels of self-compassion and effective healing in psychotherapy.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Coping strategies towards mobbing used by medical and nursing staff in the hospitals of the prefecture of Etoloakarnania, Greece
Authors: Theodoratou M. , Fasoulas A. , Farmakopoulou I. , Flora K. , Tsitsas G. , Kougioumtzis G.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The aim of this study is to investigate mobbing in the Hospitals of Etoloakarnania, Greece. Additionally, this research aims to find out which coping strategies are used by health care professionals who have suffered mobbing and how their quality of life has been affected.

Objectives

This research aims to depict mobbing phenomenon’s extent and investigate the coping strategies and quality of life of working staff, victims of mobbing.

Methods

The research methodology was based on two questionnaires: LIPT scale and the scale of assessing bullying management strategies, as well as demographic data, which were answered by 130 people. A sufficient sample for the needs of this study to produce comparable results with the existing literature.

Results

Mobbing is observed to a large extent of 83.8% , which, however, seems to be at lower levels in relation to corresponding researches abroad. In addition, the majority of respondents who appear to have been harassed at work are mostly women (78.5%), which seems to be in line with global studies. Τhe consultants and the supervisors take advantage of their position of power and impose or change duties on other staff (45.3%), in order to punish their subordinates, exacerbating the phenomenon of mobbing, also. Finally, the participants recognize the phenomenon and look for the majority of positive ways of action (65%), while they do not resort to non-constructive ways of solving the problem.

Conclusions

Mobbing is a serious phenomenon that affects working staff’s mental health and quality of life. Policies should address effectively this deleterious aggressive behaviour.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Obsessive-compulsive Symptoms in Dementia : Scooping Review of Neurobiological and Cognitive Underpinnings
Authors: Martinho F. , Ferreira T. , Magalhães D. , Felício R. , Godinho F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) have been described in many neurological disorders, including dementia. A meta-analysis by the authors (2021) reported a prevalence of OCS in dementia of approx. 35.8%, and a higher percentage in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (46.7%). The literature also points that obsessive-compulsive disorder with late-life onset is rare, but those cases are frequently associated with neurologic injury, and some authors suggest a role of cognitive disfunction.

Objectives

Our main goal was to describe the neurobiologic and cognitive underpinnings of OCS in patients with dementia.

Methods

MEDLINE, CENTRAL and PsycNet databases were searched for articles about obsessive-compulsive symptoms in dementia. Search terms included “obsessive”, “compulsive”, “OCD”, “cognitive decline”, “cognitive dysfunction” and “dementia”. Titles, abstracts and full texts were screened independently by 2 reviewers.

Results

Correlations between dysfunction / lesions in various circuits in the context of dementia and OCS were found, such as (1) frontal regions (specially the orbitofrontal cortex) and anterior cingulate cortex (2) fronto-striatal-thalamic circuits (3) temporal structures; (4) cerebellar structures; (5) serotoninergic, dopaminergic, and cholinergic neurotransmission. A high proportion of studies concerned FTD. Regarding cognitive mechanisms, there is a focus on the importance subjective concerns about cognitive functioning, which could exacerbate obsessional beliefs and maladaptive responses to intrusions.

Conclusions

The main brain circuits implicated in dementia, specially FTD, and OCS are those involving frontal regions and the fronto-striatal-thalamic circuits, with areas such as the temporal and cerebellar structures algo being studied. The correlation between dysfunctional circuits in dementia and OCS could give us new hints about OCD and its treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The potentially protective effect of lithium on the risk of osteoporosis: A nationwide study of 22,912 patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Østergaard S.D. , Köhler-Forsberg O. , Rohde C. , Nierenberg A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Osteoporosis, a systemic skeletal disorder associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, has been suggested to be particularly common among individuals with bipolar disorder. Lithium, a mood-stabilizer used as first-line treatment for bipolar disorder, may have bone-protecting properties.

Objectives

We aimed to subject both of these hypotheses to further examination in a nationwide register-based study.

Methods

We compared the incidence of osteoporosis, identified via hospital discharge diagnoses and prescribed medications, between all individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder and age- and sex-matched controls from the general population (earliest start of follow-up at the age of 40 years) using Cox regression. Subsequently, we followed the patients with bipolar disorder and identified all prescriptions for mood-stabilizing medications. Using Cox regression, we compared the incidence of osteoporosis for patients using lithium, antipsychotics or anticonvulsants, respectively, with that of patients not using these medications.

Results

We followed 22,912 patients with bipolar disorder (median age 50.4 years, 43.4% men) and 114,560 matched controls for 1,215,698 person-years. The incidence of osteoporosis per 1,000 person-years was 8.70 (95%CI:8.28-9.14) among patients with bipolar disorder and 7.84 (95%CI:7.67-8.01) among controls, resulting in a hazard rate ratio (HRR) of 1.15 (95%CI:1.09-1.21). Lithium treatment was associated with reduced risk of osteoporosis (HRR=0.62; 95%CI:0.53-0.72) in a treatment-duration-response-like manner. Treatment with antipsychotics and anticonvulsants was not associated with reduced risk of osteoporosis.

Conclusions

This is the first longitudinal study to show that the risk of osteoporosis is elevated among patients with bipolar disorder, and that treatment with lithium is associated with reduced risk of osteoporosis.

Disclosure

Dr. Østergaard has received the 2020 Lundbeck Foundation Young Investigator Prize. Furthermore, SDØ owns units of mutual funds with stock tickers DKIGI, DKIDKIX, MAJGRO, NBIDE, SPIC20CAPK, SPVILRKL and WEKAFKI.
Role of nurses in the initiation and the monitoring of Lithium
Authors: Moalla M. , Larnaout A. , Skhiri D. , Lansari R. , Staali N. , Melki W.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Lithium is the oldest known treatment of bipolar disorders and remains the gold standard. Nevertheless, it remains difficult to handle, largely due to its narrow therapeutic index and its long-term side effects. Thus, it requires special initiation and monitoring measures.

Objectives

This study aims to assess nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding lithium. A protocol on Lithium initiation and monitoring will be established.

Methods

This is a descriptive study including 20 nurses in a psychiatry department conducted from January to May 2021 based on an self-assessment questionnaire that was established to assess nurses’ knowledge about Lithium, its side effects, initiation and monitoring.

Results

None of the recruited nurses had any training regarding the use of lithium. The vast majority of subject (85%) said that lithium’s dosage must be individualized and adaptable to each patient throughout a specific blood test. 90% recognized renal failure as the most common contraindication of lithium. Complete Blood Count (CBC), and renal check-up were the only tests recognized as necessary by all the sample subjects. 90% answered that lithium is toxic and 65% answered that it is fatal. In case of toxicity by lithium all subjects (100%) agreed to call the responsible doctor of the patient, 25% of them chose it as a unique measure and 75% thought it was necessary to stop the lithium immediately as well.

Conclusions

Lithium is considered as a double-edged sword largely due to its narrow therapeutic index. Nevertheless, nurses are undertrained when it comes to its use and manipulation.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Changes in psychiatric emergencies during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in El Bierzo (Spain)
Authors: Zapico-Merayo Y. , Pelayo-Terán J.M. , Vega-García S. , Garcia Llamas M.E. , Landera-Rodríguez R. , Espandian A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The interest have focused in the effects of COVID-19 in mental symptoms. However, the pandemic and restrictions such as the lockdown decreed in Spain limited access to resources and lead to a change in assistance organization.

Objectives

to compare the incidence and characteristics of psychiatric emergencies during the Spanish 2020 Lockdown with the same period in 2019

Methods

All the emergencies attended the the emergency room (Hospital El Bierzo) From 01/02/2019 to 30/06/2019 and those from 01/02/2020 to 30/06/2020 were analysed by two senior psychiatrists. Cases were selected if attended by any psychiatric reason. The cases were evalueated identifying ICD-10 diagnosis (according to clinical records and best criteria matching), sociodemographics, factors associated to the emergency and resolution.

Results

23360 cases were attended in 2019 (799 psychiatric), 14907 (578) in 2020. That means a 36.19% of reduction in general emergencies and 27.66% in psychiatric emergencies (psychiatric emergencies proportion increased form 3.42% to 4.03%). The reduction started the week just before the lockdown declaration, minimal records coincided with the highest COVID-19 incidence and the recovery starts in early june for psychiatric and late June for general emergencies (figure 1). A decrease of 62.79% of anxiety cases and 45.9% of depresion was observed with no incresaes in any diagnosis. A slight increase in suicide attempts (two cases) was observed.

Conclusions

The lockdown seem to decrease psychiatric emergency care. Only suicidability was maintained/increased during the period. Psychiatry services must be aware of the risk of unattended inicidence that may cause an increase of cases after the lockdown.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mrna vaccination under clozapine treatment
Authors: Argitis P. , Karampas A. , Mpouras P. , Pikou O. , Meintanopoulou F.-E. , Karavia S. , Chaviaras Z.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Common side effects are agranulocytosis and myocardiopathy. There are reports of myocardite related to m-rna vaccine for covid-19 (Pfizer-Bionteck), while the interactions with clozapine has not been yet studied.

Objectives

The object of the study is to explore the safety of COVID-19 vaccination at patients treated with clozapine.

Methods

We report a group of 27 patients from the psychiatric rehabilitation unit of the General Hospital of Corfu who were treated with clozapine and another group of 27 patients on different antipsychotic. Levels of clozapine were measured before the 1st vaccination and one month after the individuals were fully vaccinated, as well their COVID antibodies. For myocarditis detection we used CRP >1mg/dl and quadruplication of the troponin of reference.

Results

No significant difference has been observed among the 2 groups in relation to antibody production, No difference has been detected between clozapine and nor-clozapine serum levels before and after vaccination. While there was no case of myocarditis or vein embolism noticed.

Conclusions

It seems that patients treated with clozapine develop immune response to COVID-19 as individuals in any other anti-psychotic. No major side effects were reported at the two groups leading as to the conclusion that treatment with clozapine sould not be an obstacle for COVID-19 vaccination. Thus to the small number of patients in this study further research is needed.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Polymorphism rs1108580 in DBH gene is associated with the risk of depression in alcohol-dependent patients
Authors: Nikolishin A. , Chuprova N. , Kibitov A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Alcohol dependence and depression are often combined, patients with comorbid pathology have a more severe course of the disease, a high risk of suicide and therapeutic resistance. Enzyme dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) is a key player in a link between dopamine and norepinephrine neuromediations and may be involved in alcohol dependence and depression comorbidity and genetic markers in DBH gene may be associated with the risk of comorbid state.

Objectives

To test an association of DBH gene polymorphisms rs161111580 and rs1108580 with depression risk in alcohol-dependent patients.

Methods

Our sample consisted of 104 inpatients diagnosed by ICD-10 criteria: 40 with alcohol dependence (AD group) (age 45.6 (SD 10.853), 5% females), 64 with depression and alcoholism comorbidity (AD+D group) (age 41.2 (SD 9.903), 22% females) and 112 healthy controls (age 35.5 (SD 8.286), 15% females). rs1108580 and rs1611115 were detected by RT-PCR.

Results

For rs161111580, frequencies of minor T allele (p=0.031) and ТТ genotype (p=0.017) was higher, СС genotype (p=0.042) was lower in AD group vs. controls. rs161111580 T allele and TT genotype increases the risk of AD (OR=3.715, 95%CI [1.728-7.986], P=0.001 and OR=4.009, 95%CI [1.502-10.699], P=0.006). For rs161111580, frequency of ТТ genotype (p=0.009) was higher in AD+D group vs. controls. For rs1108580, frequency of major А allele (p=0.059, trend) was higher in AD+D, then in AD group. Major А allele rs1108580 increases the risk of depression in alcohol-dependent patients (OR=2.74, 95%CI [1.283-5.855], P=0.001).

Conclusions

It was shown that the DBH rs1108580 increases the risk of depression in patients with alcohol dependence.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Problematic Internet Use and wellbeing during adolescence
Authors: Ortuño-Sierra J. , Pérez-Albéniz A. , Ciarreta A. , Díez Gómez A. , Fonseca Pedrero E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

PIU has not yet been recognized by diagnostic classification systems, but it has received increasing research and clinical attention. It is defined as a generalized and compulsive use of the Internet associated with a loss of control and negative consequences for the individual

Objectives

The main goal was to analyze the relation between problematic Internet Use and wellbeing in adolescents

Methods

The sample included a total of 1059 adolescents (47% were males). Age range was between 14 and 18 years old (M = 15,12; SD = 1,03). We used the Compulsive Internet Use Scale to assess Problematic Internet Use and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire to screen for psychological difficulties and prosocial behaviour.

Results

The results found in the ANOVA revealed that problematic internet use was statistically significant associated with psychological difficulties and prosocial capabilities (λ = 0.475, F(3,83,000) = 25.569, P ≤ 0.001, η² = 0.215).Adolescents with higher levels of Problematic Internet Use revealed more emotional and behavioural difficulties. In addition. those adolescents with higher levels of prosocial ablities were at a lower risk for Problematic Internet Use.

Conclusions

Previous research have revealed that the use of Internet has almost doubled in the last decade among adolescents across different European countries. Results revealed statistically significant correlations between Problematic Internet Use and indicators of well-being such as emotional difficulties and behavioral problems, as well as prosocial behaviours. Prevention strategies should focus on detecting problematic internet use among adolescents, as it is a variable related with different psychological difficulties that are diminishing adolescents’ well-being.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Coronavirus Pandemic - #STAYHOME: How Are You Holding Up? Questions And Tips For 11-18 Year Olds To Make It Better
Authors: Szentivanyi D. , Horváth L.O. , Buist K. , Farkas B. , Dallos G. , Garas P. , Győri D. , Balazs J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Adolescents have to cope with several challenges and restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with many of those incongruent with the typical developmental tasks of adolescent age. Some adolescent might be particularly vulnerable in this situation.

Objectives

This study aimed: 1) to collect data on the mental health and quality of life of adolescents during/after the pandemic; 2. to improve adolescents’ mental health by providing an online prevention program that addresses their actual needs; 3. to accelerate the development of culturally adapted prevention programs by involving an international team, and 4. to contribute to adequate preparation for any similar situation in the future.

Methods

Participants aged 11-18 years and their parents/caregivers were recruited online. Data has been collected regularly in a follow-up study by Inventar zur Erfassung der Lebensqualitat and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The baseline data collection was in March 2020 at first restrictions of the COVID pandemic in Europe

Results

In the baseline data 428 adolescents (29.7% boys;70.3% girls) were included. Adolescents reported significantly lower quality of life during the pandemic (F (1,557) = 29.11; p <0.001; R2 = 0.048). There was no significant difference in quality of life according to whether the adolescents live in a household with their siblings ( F (2, 356) = 0.785 p = 0.457; η2 = 0.004), and whether the adolescents have symptoms of hyperactivity (ß = 0.105; p = 0.295).

Conclusions

Prevention based on the results of this study is expected to contribute to maintaining adolescents’ mental health during and after the COVID pandemic.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Effects of Exercise in People with Severe Mental Illness and Recommendations for its Implementation as Add-on Therapy
Authors: Maurus I. , Röll L. , Keeser D. , Schmitt A. , Hasan A. , Hirjak D. , Meyer-Lindenberg A. , Falkai P.
Published: September 2022

There are many reasons for people with (and without) severe mental illness to exercise regularly. In people with schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorder, it has already been shown that regular physical activity as an add-on therapy can improve quality of life and symptom severity. This is particularly important in domains that standard therapy is currently not able to treat sufficiently, such as cognitive deficits. Postulated underlying neurobiological effects include increased volume in hippocampal areas as demonstrated by data of a current clinical trial in people with schizophrenia.

Furthermore, regular exercise is essential to counteract the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of people with severe mental illness. However, most people with severe mental illness do not achieve the recommended amount of physical activity and the potential of exercise as an add-on therapy is currently not even close to being fully realized. On the one hand, it is important that mental health staff also considers the physical condition of patients with mental illnesses and counsels them on their health behavior. On the other hand, there is a need for individually adapted training programs delivered by qualified exercise professionals that incorporate motivational and adherence strategies. Examples of barriers and facilitators for the implementation of exercise as an add-on therapy are discussed on the basis of current local projects.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Development the societal preference-based utility value set for the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale in Hungary
Authors: Balázs P. , Rencz F. , Brodszky V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Depression is associated with high impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Health state valuations are used for cost-effectiveness analysis to provide results for health-policy interventions.

Objectives

The study aims to estimate a population-based value set of depression described by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). We intend to assess vignettes describing PHQ-9 health states to estimate utility values

Methods

Current research elicited direct utility scores using time trade-off (TTO) method obtained from the Hungarian general population (N=2,000). TTO vignettes were created to describe hypothetical health states of depression based on the nine items of PHQ-9. The hypothetical health states were sorted orthogonally in 11 blocks, each containing 4 vignettes (combinations of no; mild; moderate; severe depression). All respondents valued the four health states of one randomly given block. Conventional TTO method was applied, using a 10-year timeframe, while the first iteration step was randomized to 1,3 and 5 year. Preference weights were estimated using regression model fitted to TTO utility results.

Results

Altogether 1,999 respondents valued overall 34 different health states. The mean age was 47.3 (16.9) years, the majority was female (57.2%). Nearly half of the respondents were secondary educated 45.4%, 27.3% higher educated and 27.2% completed primary school. The mean TTO utility of selected mild, moderate and severe depression was: 0.83; 0.82 and 0.77 respectively.

Conclusions

Our results constitute the first population-based value set for PHQ-9. Utility scores give useful information for cost-effectiveness assessments. Estimates provide preference-based quality of life weights for the Hungarian population.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Cost-Effectiveness of Pharmacologic Treatment Options for Women With Endocrine-Refractory or Triple-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Wheeler Stephanie B. , Rotter Jason , Gogate Anagha , Reeder-Hayes Katherine E. , Drier Sarah W. , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Fairley Temeika L. , Rocque Gabrielle B. , Trogdon Justin G.
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE

Treatments for endocrine-refractory or triple-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) are modestly effective at prolonging life and improving quality of life but can be extremely expensive. Given these tradeoffs in quality of life and cost, the optimal choice of treatment sequencing is unclear. Cost-effectiveness analysis can explicitly quantify such tradeoffs, enabling more informed decision making. Our objective was to estimate the societal cost-effectiveness of different therapeutic alternatives in the first- to third-line sequences of single-agent chemotherapy regimens among patients with endocrine-refractory or triple-negative mBC.

METHODS

Using three dynamic microsimulation models of 10,000 patients each, three cohorts were simulated, based upon prior chemotherapy exposure: (1) unexposed to either taxane or anthracycline, (2) taxane- and anthracycline-exposed, and (3) taxane-exposed/anthracycline-naive. We focused on the following single-agent chemotherapy regimens as reasonable and commonly used options in the first three lines of therapy for each cohort, based upon feedback from oncologists treating endocrine-refractory or triple-negative mBC: (1) for taxane- and anthracycline-unexposed patients, paclitaxel, capecitabine (CAPE), or pegylated liposomal doxorubicin; (2) for taxane- and anthracycline-exposed patients, Eribulin, CAPE, or carboplatin; and (3) for taxane-exposed/anthracycline-naive patients, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, CAPE, or Eribulin.

RESULTS

In each cohort, accumulated quality-adjusted life-years were similar between regimens, but total societal costs varied considerably. Sequences beginning first-line treatment with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and CAPE, respectively, for cohorts 1, 2, and 3, had lower costs and similar or slightly better outcomes compared with alternative options.

CONCLUSION

In this setting where multiple single-agent chemotherapy options are recommended by clinical guidelines and share similar survival and adverse event trajectories, treatment sequencing approaches that minimize costs early may improve the value of care.
Bistability-induced chimeras in one-dimensional paced excitable rings with nonlocal couplings
Authors: Lei Zhao , Pu Shujie , Zhang Hao , Yao Chenggui , Qian Yu , Zheng Zhigang
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we provide a bistability mechanism for giving rise to a new kind of chimeras in the one-dimensional (1D) paced nonlocally coupled excitable rings without rotational coupling scheme. It is shown that the elements in the system can perform distinct modes and give rise to the chimera pattern. By analyzing the response dynamics in the corresponding local excitable model with the same pacing, the initial-excitation–dependent bistability feature is revealed as the mechanism responsible for this chimera state. Furthermore, this bistability-induced chimera state is found to be pacing dependent, and the chimera parameter regions on the phase plane of pacing amplitude and frequency are shown explicitly. Importantly, this new kind of chimera pattern can also self-organize to emerge in other paradigmatic network models, implying the genericity of the bistability mechanism in inducing chimeras in paced excitable complex networks. The present work is expected to shed light on new perspectives of the chimeras in excitable systems.