bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comment les droits de l’Homme peuvent-ils être (re)fondés aujourd’hui ?
Authors: Mack Elke
Published: September 2022

Les droits de l’Homme ne vont pas de soi dans de nombreux pays, car ils ont été développés dans une généalogie de la philosophie occidentale des Lumières sur fond d’éthique chrétienne, fondée sur la dignité de la personne humaine. Les principales objections sont donc leur colonisation occidentale et un paternalisme hégémonique à l’égard des autres cultures. Pour que les droits de l’Homme soient acceptés dans le monde entier, ils doivent être justifiés à nouveau du point de vue de toutes les cultures et visions du monde. À cette fin, des « discours mondiaux ouverts » sont proposés dans le but de parvenir à un consensus global, dans lequel l’égalité de statut moral des personnes concernées est déjà prise en compte dans la justification éthique. Pour l’institutionnalisation des droits de l’Homme mondialement fondés, un nouveau contrat social mondial durable est proposé, qui en fait la base constitutionnelle indiscutable de l’ordre mondial.
Le Christ, notre théologie
Authors: Ravel Luc
Published: September 2022

Les déclarations des droits de l’Homme ou du citoyen naissent dans un climat politique singulier, élaborées et proclamées dans un contexte où s’impose la protection des individus ou des peuples, reconnus libres de disposer d’eux-mêmes. Sans amoindrir ces déclarations, ne serait-il pas temps de leur donner une assiette plus large et une portée plus haute, à partir d’une vision chrétienne partagée par les disciples mais profitable à tous les hommes ?
Le droit à la santé des personnes atteintes de maladies chroniques à l’heure de la pandémie
Authors: Gabric Branka
Published: September 2022

Le « droit de toute personne de jouir du meilleur état de santé possible » figure dans de nombreux documents internationaux ratifiés dans le monde entier. Toutefois, on peut se demander si l’on peut parler d’un droit universel à la santé lorsque les soins de santé sont fournis principalement et, dans certains cas, exclusivement aux patients du Covid-19, alors qu’ils ont été refusés à des millions de patients atteints de maladies chroniques qui ont besoin de contrôles médicaux réguliers pour garder leur maladie sous contrôle. En outre, ce sont précisément les personnes atteintes de certaines maladies chroniques qui constituent un groupe à haut risque de patients du Covid-19, et le fait de ne pas leur accorder une guérison rapide fait ironiquement peser une charge sur ce même système de santé. Cette situation très problématique appelle d’autres considérations éthiques.
Comment la dignité est-elle universalisable ?
Authors: Rauw Benedikt
Published: September 2022

Le concept de dignité est souvent considéré comme le garant d’un point d’Archimède moral, et la compréhension de la dignité par Kant est ainsi utilisée comme base théorique. Cependant, le fondement souhaité ne se trouve pas chez Kant et il ne reste, en ce qui concerne la dignité, qu’un principe pratique formel. Korsgaard reprend cette justification formelle de la pratique humaine et l’élargit avec les pensées de l’identité pratique et de l’autoconstitution de telle sorte que, d’une part, la justification de la pratique humaine est assurée par la raison et, d’autre part, les motifs explicatifs sont obtenus à partir de ce que l’agent veut représenter dans le monde. Quelque chose est important pour lui – il est important pour lui-même. Il s’agit d’une partie de la pratique humaine que nous partageons avec d’autres formes de vie consciente et qui ne peut donc pas être sans rapport avec nos relations mutuelles.
Les pratiques de l’Église catholique sont-elles conformes aux droits humains ?
Authors: Thiel Marie-Jo
Published: September 2022

L’Église reconnaît depuis le tournant des années 1960 la place des droits humains et leur consonance avec la Révélation chrétienne. Les papes dénoncent ainsi l’oppression des peuples, les violations à la dignité humaine, etc. Mais qu’en est-il pour les manquements aux droits humains dont le magistère de l’Église pourrait être l’auteur, en particulier à travers ses rouages institutionnels ? De plus en plus de voix s’élèvent aujourd’hui, dans et en dehors de l’Église, pour dénoncer au nom des droits humains, des écarts graves et parfois criminels pour lesquels le magistère de l’Église et ses cadres sont directement ou indirectement imputés, en particulier pour la gestion des abus sexuels et de pouvoir, la place des femmes, les procès canoniques quand ils impliquent des clercs auteurs d’abus…
L’exigence d’inclusion des droits de l’Homme et la position de l’Église à l’encontre des minorités sexuelles
Authors: Heimbach-Steins Marianne
Published: September 2022

Les « dogmes » d’universalité et d’indivisibilité des droits de l’Homme convergent avec la revendication humanitaire de l’éthique chrétienne, mais dans l’enseignement de l’Église, cette norme n’est appropriée que de manière sélective. En particulier dans le vaste domaine de l’éthique du genre, de la sexualité et des relations, la revendication humanitaire-universaliste est estompée ou explicitement rejetée. Cette divergence soulève la délicate question de la relation entre les droits de l’Homme et les revendications de validité des religions. L’article aborde la question de la relation entre les pratiques de l’Église et les revendications en matière de droits de l’Homme en utilisant l’exemple de la façon dont l’Église traite les minorités sexuelles et de genre.
Quelle place pour les véhicules intermédiaires dans la transition énergétique des mobilités ?
Authors: Bigo Aurélien
Published: September 2022

L’article passe en revue l’impact d’un développement des véhicules intermédiaires sur les cinq leviers de la stratégie nationale bas-carbone : la modération de la demande de transport, le report modal, l’amélioration du remplissage des véhicules, de l’efficacité énergétique des véhicules et enfin la décarbonation de l’énergie. Il en conclut à un fort potentiel de réduction d’émissions de gaz à effet de serre si ces véhicules intermédiaires sont pleinement utilisés dans leur domaine de pertinence.
À la recherche d’un véhicule individuel alternatif à la voiture capable de réaliser la plupart des trajets quotidiens
Authors: Tonnelier Patrick , Tonnelier Patrick
Published: September 2022

Trois mondes s’ignorent largement aujourd’hui : le monde automobile, le monde deux-roues motorisé et le monde vélo. En s’inspirant du meilleur de ces trois mondes, l’auteur cherche des solutions pour concevoir un véhicule conciliant au plus juste les objectifs techniques, économiques et environnementaux.
La conception d’un véhicule bas-carbone
Authors: Trouvé Benoît , Trouvé Benoît
Published: September 2022

La conception d’un véhicule bas carbone peut d’abord profiter d’une innovation : l’hybridation série musculaire qui autorise une grande souplesse d’usage. Elle repose ensuite sur une réduction des masses et de la vitesse, mais aussi des matériaux recyclés ou biosourcés, une autonomie énergétique maîtrisée, un fonctionnement partagé et des territoires engagés dans cette évolution.
A novel algorithm for sarcasm detection using supervised machine learning approach
Authors: Amer Abdullah Yahya Abdullah , Siddiqu Tamanna
Published: September 2022

Sarcasm means the opposite of what you desire to express, particularly to insult a person. Sarcasm detection in social networks SNs such as Twitter is a significant task as it has assisted in studying tweets using NLP. Many existing study-related methods have always focused only on the content-based on features in sarcastic words, leaving out the lexical-based features and context-based features knowledge in isolation. This shows a loss of the semantics of terms in a sarcastic expression. This study proposes an improved model to detect sarcasm from SNs. We used three feature set engineering: context-based on features set, Sarcastic based on features, and lexical based on features. Two Novel Algorithms for an effective model to detect sarcasm are divided into two stages. The first used two algorithms one with preprocessing, and the second algorithm with feature sets. To deal with data from SNs. We applied various supervised machine learning (ML) such as k-nearest neighbor classifier (KNN), na?ve Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF) classifiers with TF-IDF feature extraction representation data. To model evaluation metrics, evaluate sarcasm detection model performance in precision, accuracy, recall, and F1 score by 100%. We achieved higher results in Lexical features with KNN 89.19 % accuracy campers to other classifiers. Combining two feature sets (Sarcastic and Lexical) has shown slight improvement with the same classifier KNN; we achieved 90.00% accuracy. When combining three feature sets (Sarcastic, Lexical, and context), the accuracy is shown slight improvement. Also, the same classifier we achieved is a 90.51% KNN classifier. We perform the model differently to see the effect of three feature sets through the experiment individual, combining two feature sets and gradually combining three feature sets. When combining all features set together, achieve the best accuracy with the KNN classifier.
Synthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using heterogeneous catalyst of Na2O/γ-Al2O3 assisted by ultrasonic wave
Authors: Santoso Aman , Kusumah Titania Nur , Sumari Sumari , Wijaya Anugrah Ricky , Retnosari Rini , Rachman Ihsan Budi , Marfuah Siti , Roy Asrori Muhammad
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of biodiesel via transesterification needs to be improved by the heterogeneous catalysts. So, the study aimed to determine the best conditions for the synthesis of biodiesel produced through a transesterification reaction using waste cooking oil with a Na2O/γ-Al2O3 catalyst assisted by ultrasonic wave. The steps were: catalyst preparation, oil preparation, esterification, trans-esterification reactions using methanol and various Na2O/γ-Al2O3 catalysts, and characterization. The results showed that the refined waste cooking oil using FTIR was known that there was still a carbonyl group indicating the presence of triglycerides. Free Fatty Acid content of waste cooking oil after esterification was 0.40%, so that the transesterification reaction could be carried out. The XRD results of the catalyst showed a conformity with the reference and it was determined by the Scherrer formula that the crystal size of the catalyst was 30.59 nm. The best condition for biodiesel synthesis was obtained at a catalyst ratio of 1:1 as much as concentration 3% w/w for 15 minutes of ultrasonication, 65 ℃, and molar ratio of methanol: oil (12:1), for the yield of 83.51%. After identification through GC-MS, it was known that the main components in the transesterified biodiesel from waste cooking oil were methyl elaidate (38.54%), methyl palmitate (30.90%) and methyl linoleate (16.61%).
Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (XXII)
Authors: Fernández J.
Published: September 2022

Esta nueva lista incluye en 869 táxones nuevos aparecidos en 471 referencias bibliográficas publicadas principalmente entre 2018 y 2021. Comprende 684 especies, 82 géneros o subgéneros, 54 categorías supragenéricas, 47 subespecies y 2 categorías infrasubespecíficas procedentes del área considerada.
Handkes Narrentum im Spannungsfeld seiner (politischen) Poetik
Authors: Gottwald Herwig
Published: September 2022

Der Beitrag versucht die anlässlich der Nobelpreisverleihung an Handke wieder aufgeflammten Diskussionen um die politischen Dimensionen seiner Werke in den Kontext seiner Poetik zu setzen. Handkes forciert vorgetragenes „Idiotentum“ und sein literarisches „Narrentum“ werden werkpoetisch und literatursoziologisch (unter Bezugnahme auf seine verschiedenen postures) erläutert und auf Kontinuitäten sowohl in poetischen Werken als auch in Paratexten seit den sechziger Jahren hin befragt. Dabei kommen auch grundlegende Widersprüche und Inkonsistenzen seiner Stellungnahmen, vor allem zu den Balkan-Kriegen und deren Folgen zur Sprache. Die Verbindung von Handkes postures zu zentralen literarischen Verfahrensweisen und zu seinen Autorschaftskonzepten (u.a. das des poeta vates) steht besonders im Fokus.
Handke et le cinéma
Authors: Barthélémy Lambert
Published: September 2022

L’article cherche à exposer la conjonction qui s’établit entre la poétique de Handke et une nébuleuse d’œuvres cinématographiques, toutes aussi in-synchronisables avec leur présent que l’est la sienne, et dont le projet esthétique fondamental est de mettre en récit l’humilité du monde. Ce projet, notre époque pleine de bruit et de fureur peine à s’en saisir, à s’en satisfaire, à s’y retrouver, parce qu’il cible son refoulé, tout ce qui échappe à la logique de spectacularisation et d’instrumentalisation du visible qui gouverne nos existences hypermodernes.
Das Landesinnere, der Vexin, die Picardie
Authors: Özelt Clemens
Published: September 2022

Der Aufsatz widmet sich dem intermedialen Spannungsverhältnis von Landkarte und Literatur in Peter Handkes Erzähltext Die Obstdiebin oder Einfache Fahrt ins Landesinnere, das in poetologischer und kulturpolitischer Perspektive analysiert wird. Die formbildende Wirkung der Karten zeigt sich im Bereich der Textgliederung, der Figurenkonstitution, der Erzählperspektive, narrativer Binnenformen (Litanei) und der Raumgestaltung. Die erzählte Reise ins Landesinnere, in den Vexin und die Picardie stellt wiederum bestehende kartographische Ordnungen zur Disposition. Sie überlagert und kontrastiert soziale, geologische wie politische Räume und führt die deutschsprachige Leserschaft in literarisches Neuland. Im Kontext der Debatten um ein „Europa der Regionen“ entwickelt Handke eine Regionenpoetik, die an die Tradition der Großstadt- und Vorstadtliteratur anschließt.
Les données du problème
Authors: Stiefel Léa
Published: September 2022

En 2017, un projet de plateforme d’agriculture intelligente émerge en Suisse dans le but de centraliser les données et ainsi simplifier le travail administratif des agriculteurs. Ce projet est loin de faire l'unanimité. Sur la base d'un travail de terrain mené auprès de producteurs, de fonctionnaires et de responsables d’organisations privées du secteur agricole suisse, cet article analyse les raisons de son rejet. Les objections formulées par les acteurs de terrain dénoncent une conception de la plateforme qui ne prend pas suffisamment en compte leurs configurations sociotechniques, et en particulier leurs pratiques associées aux données. Elles nous amènent à remettre en question deux présupposés de la littérature en sciences sociales sur l'agriculture numérique : d'une part, la passivité de l'État dans ses développements, d'autre part, leur faisabilité.
« Pourquoi je protège mon blé »
Authors: Rénier Louis
Published: September 2022

Cet article traite d’une communauté d’agriculteurs vidéastes mettant en scène leur recours aux pesticides. Après avoir resitué leurs publications dans le contexte d’un projet de « communication positive » en réaction à « l’agribashing », nous décrivons comment les « agri-youtubeurs » justifient leurs usages des produits phytosanitaires, en cadrant leurs comptes rendus sur la dimension raisonnée et maîtrisée de leurs pratiques, tout en évitant d’être normatifs à l’égard de la diversité de leurs propres techniques culturales. L’analyse des fils de commentaires, espaces d’interactions régulés par les vidéastes, montre l’élargissement de cette communauté au cercle des abonnés, qui partagent la volonté de maintenir l’unité de la profession agricole face aux critiques environnementales.
Storytelling and Experience Design in Heritage Tourism
Authors: Beevor Meghan Claire , Campos Ana Cláudia , Guerreiro Maria Manuela
Published: September 2022

Stories have long been a central component to the interpretation of people, culture, and place. Recent research has substantiated the importance of storytelling in heritage tourism settings; however, few studies have provided an overview of storytelling in heritage experience design. This has left academics and service providers alike with little to no guidance as to how to effectively utilize storytelling in their experience offering. This chapter serves to synthetize what is known on the topic of storytelling in heritage experience design. It will explore the relevance of storytelling and experience design in the context of new museology, give an overview of pre-existing frameworks on the subject, and offer a critical analysis highlighting informational gaps and areas of expansion. Beyond guided tours, interpretative signs, and guidebooks, one thing is clear: if they are to facilitate experiences that are more memorable, engaging, and interactive, heritage attractions must utilize storytelling as a design tool.
Decolonization of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in South Africa
Authors: Masenya Tlou Maggie
Published: September 2022

This article analyses the protection of indigenous knowledge in South Africa, exploring if and how indigenous knowledge is aligned with existing policy and protocol frameworks as enacted by the government. Indigenous knowledge is mainly preserved in the memories of elders and shared through oral communication and traditional practices. The question arises: How can knowledge generated in indigenous knowledge systems research be recovered and protected to benefit indigenous knowledge owners and accessible for future generations? The study utilised literature review to critically analyse the policy, protocols, and strategies relating to the protection and preservation of indigenous knowledge systems. Decolonial theory and knowledge ontology and modelling framework were also used as underpinning theories to guide the study. Recommendations suggest the need for decolonizing indigenous knowledge systems through collaborative approach with indigenous knowledge holders and their communities.
Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Segmented Porous Implant Fabricated by 3D Printing and CNC Composite Machining Technology
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Zhang Jin Yang , Chen Jian Yu , Chen Xian Shuai
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to design porous implants with particular structure and evaluate their biomechanical behavior. Thus, a segmented porous dental implant (SPDI) was designed and manufactured by 3D Printing and computer numerical control (CNC) composite machining technology. The FE analysis was used to investigate its static mechanical property. Fatigue test was performed to verify its fatigue life. Resonance frequency analysis and pull-out tests were carried out to study its primary stability. Results indicated that better stress distribution was observed for SPDI. Fatigue test showed that no fracture or failure occurred in SPDI samples after 8 million cycles. The average implant stability quotient (ISQ) values of the SPDI inserted into the porous and denser artificial bones were 68.7 and 73.0 respectively. The average maximum pull-out force of SPDI extracted from the artificial bones was 347.5 N. This study provided a new structural design and manufacturing method for porous implant. The results suggested that the novel porous implant obtained good mechanical adaptability and primary stability.
Tool Positioning Error Minimization during Robotic Milling Based on the Genetic Algorithm Technique
Authors: Lounici Billel , Ouali Mohammed , Osmani El Hadi
Published: September 2022

Compared to CNC machines, robotic milling has performance limitations such as accuracy and quality. The main source of the robot’s inaccuracy during machining is the flexibility of its parts (body or joints). This error disturbs the movement of the end effector, affecting the part’s surface finish. In order to improve the robot’s accuracy and minimize the positioning error of the end effector during the milling operation, this paper presents, first, a method based on the elasto-static model to predict the Cartesian deflection of the end effector of a three DOF redundant planar robot, and second, optimization techniques with original objective functions based on the single and multi-objective genetic algorithm, which will be presented and compared. The programming of the two methods and the results of the study will be done using MATLAB software. The analysis of simulation results of the two optimization techniques GA and MOGA revealed that the tool configuration and cutting parameters used for robotic milling have a direct influence on the robot's path accuracy and milling performance. Whereas for a φ0=69.6, φf=72.43 the maximum tool deviation in its path is Δxmax ≈ |0.125| mm with a maximum roughness profile height Ra = 1600 μm. While the positioning error is said to be minimal Δxmin ≈ |0.025| when φ0= -38.67, φf = -35.92, and the roughness Ra= 25 μm.
Magnetic Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Energy Harvesting
Authors: Nazar Ali Matin , Egbe King James , Jiao Peng Cheng
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) have made significant progress as a sustainable energy harvesting technique due to their ease of assembly, high power density, good stability and cost-efficiency. This study develops the magnetic structured triboelectric nanogenerators (MS-TENG) for energy harvesting with different loading frequency. The MS-TENG use magnetic force in the sliding mode to provide the repulsive force. The dielectric and electrode components, in particular, are appropriately connected to the circuit, which is attached to the digital oscilloscope for voltage performance. The copper capsules in mode two were the most effective design for the MS-TENG. The highest load-circuit voltage of 4.0 V is obtained for the copper (Cu) MS-TENG in mode 2 (dielectric capsule designed in mode 2 is first coated with a layer of Cu or Al and then covered with Kapton). A peak power in this design is 3.4 µW. The suggested MS-TENG offers a practical way to gather electrical energy via the triboelectric effect, which are suitable for multifunctional applications.
Mechanical Behavior of RC Beams Strengthened in Shear with CFRP Grid–Epoxy Mortar
Authors: Cai Lianheng , Kainuma Shigenobu , Yang Mu Ye , Guo Rui
Published: September 2022

A total of seven beam specimens were carried out to investigate the shear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) grid with epoxy mortar, considering various shear span ratios, concrete strengths and intervals of CFRP grid. According to the test results, the nonlinear regression analysis was conducted and further a prediction method of shear capacity was proposed for CFRP grid-strengthened RC beams. The results showed that the shear behavior of strengthened beams were obviously improved, mainly due to CFRP grid. The shear strengthening effects of CFRP grid not only had a relation to the intervals of grids, but also were closely related to the shear span ratios and the concrete strengths, and thus both of them also cannot be ignored in design. The novel prediction method proposed in this paper, was verified by collecting data and regarded as a good predictor.
Conflict, community, and COVID-19: response and implications in Ethiopia
Authors: Plymoth Martin , Mogessie Yidnekachew G. , Mohammed Israa , Mengesha Dawit , Wang Mandy , Musa Shuaibu Saidu , Bekele Bezawit Kassahun , Tatere Heaven Yeshaneh , Musa Mohamed Babiker , Lucero-Prisno, III Don Eliseo
Published: September 2022

Community transmission of COVID-19 is currently on the rise in Ethiopia, while availability of diagnostic and treatment services remains limited. Impaired access to essential services is affected by the pandemic’s strain on the health system, and as a consequence of the country’s public health response. The ongoing conflict in the Tigray Region provides another obstacle to accessing and providing care for the local population; and has displaced large numbers of people both within and outside the country. In this commentary we discuss the impact of the conflict on essential services and argue that a coordinated holistic response is essential to mitigate both short and long-term consequences of the conflict, including increased COVID-19 transmission, acute malnutrition, disruption of education services, displacement of people, and food insecurities. We highlight the important role of community engagement in prevention and early detection of these challenges, and the need for comprehensive interventions in the region.
Knowledge of essential newborn care and neonatal danger signs amongst post-natal mothers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Msiba George Hamisi , Assenga Evelyne Neema , Ndossa Apansia , Mchomvu Francis , Zuechner Antke
Published: September 2022

Background. Tanzania has high infant mortality. Essential newborn care (ENC) and neonatal danger indicators are vital for reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study examined postnatal moms’ knowledge of ENC and neonatal danger indicators in Dar es Salaam.Methods: Post-natal moms from four hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, participated in a hospital-based, cross-sectional study employing sequential sampling. Interviewees completed a structured questionnaire. SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis. We employed frequencies to summarize ENC and neonatal risk signs knowledge. When the pvalue was less than 0.05, statistical significance was assumed for the adjusted odds ratio.Results. There were 825 people registered. Most were married (71.8%) and had a primary education (59%). Over 85% of women visited the prenatal clinic at least four times, however only 33.1% received ENC education during ANC visits and 70.5% following birth. Nurses and midwives trained 86% of them. 64.2% of postnatal mothers were ENC-savvy. Fever and difficulty to breastfeed were the most prevalent neonatal risk signals. Participants who did not receive ENC education before delivery were 1.74 times more likely to have bad knowledge (AOR 1.74 [95% CI (1.22-2.49)], p0.002), while moms who did not obtain education after delivery were 4.2 times more likely to have poor knowledge (AOR 4.20 [95% CI 3.00-5.88]).Conclusions. Over 35% of postnatal mothers lacked ENC and newborn danger sign awareness. Prenatal and postnatal education increased maternal knowledge. Before and after delivery, ENC and neonatal risk indicators should be emphasized.
The relationship between transformational leadership, perceived organisational effectiveness and organisational culture in a selected multinational corporation in Africa
Authors: Muzondiwa Yvonne T. , Swarts Ilze , Schultz Cecile M.
Published: September 2022

Orientation: Multinational corporations (MNCs) in Africa are facing leadership, effectiveness and cultural challenges.Research purpose: The purpose was to determine the relationship between transformational leadership, perceived organisational effectiveness and organisational culture from the perspective of a MNC in Africa.Motivation of the study: Transformational leadership, organisational culture and perceived organisational effectiveness have been studied in different contexts, yet it is not clear how these three variables relate to one another in a selected MNC in Africa.Research approach, design and method: A survey was conducted amongst a non-probability sample of 400 employees from a population of 1256 employees. A quantitative research approach was applied and structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data.Main findings: The results indicated that organisational culture did not positively relate to transformational leadership; perceived organisational effectiveness positively related to organisational culture; perceived organisational effectiveness did not positively relate to transformational leadership; and organisational culture mediated perceived organisational effectiveness and transformational leadership.Practical and managerial implications: The research highlighted the important role of organisational culture in transformational leadership and overall perceived organisational effectiveness.Contribution or value add: This study found that the MNC should focus on organisational culture in order to improve transformational leadership and perceived organisational effectiveness. An academic contribution was the dynamic relationship between the three variables.
Ozone dialysis delivers three or more times the ozone than other forms of ozone blood treatment
Authors: Rowen Robert Jay , Grabovac Sharon , Su Teresa B.
Published: September 2022

Therapeutic use of ozone is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. New methods of administration are emerging. One of these emerging techniques, which we refer to as ozone dialysis, uses a dialysis membrane that allows blood to flow against a countercurrent of ozone gas. We found that ozone uptake by continuous countercurrent blood flow is at least 3 times higher than any comparable form of blood ozone administration currently available. This is thefirst quantitative report of ozone uptake by blood using the ozone dialysis technique.
Beyond the ST-segment in Occlusion Myocardial Infarction (OMI)
Authors: Aslanger Emre K
Published: September 2022

The ST-segment elevation (STE) myocardial infarction (MI)/non-STEMI (NSTEMI) paradigm has been the central dogma of emergency cardiology for the last 30 years. Although it was a major breakthrough when it was first introduced, it is now one of the most important obstacles to the further progression of modern MI care. In this article, we trace why a disease with an established underlying pathology (acute coronary occlusion [ACO]) was unintentionally labeled with a surrogate electrocardiographic sign (STEMI/NSTEMI) instead of pathologic substrate itself (ACO-MI/non-ACO-MI or occlusion MI [OMI]/non-OMI [NOMI] for short), how this fundamental mistake caused important clinical consequences, and why we should change this paradigm with a better one, namely OMI/NOMI paradigm.
Prospective Validation of a Novel Triage System Developed in a Middle Income Country - AIIMS Triage Protocol
Authors: Singh Satish Kumar , Sahu Ankit K. , Kumar Akshay , Murmu L. R. , Bhoi Sanjeev , Aggarwal Praveen , Ekka Meera , Jamshed Nayer , Gopinath Bharath , Timilsina Ghanashyam
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Triage is a crucial process not only to identify sick patients and prioritize prompt management but also to foster efficient resource utilization. In low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) most emergency departments (ED) still have an informal triage process. Although an important element of emergency care, triage research has not been a priority in LMICs, and hence, very few triage systems have been validated. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) triage protocol or ATP for adult patients was developed by expert consensus at AIIMS using the Delphi method. We attempted a prospective validation of the ATP in terms of mortality and intensive care unit (ICU)/hospital admission at 24 h.

Methods:

Patients presenting to the ED, who were 14 years and above were included in the study. The patients were followed up at 24 h and their outcome documented on a standardized data collection form. Mortality and ICU admission were noted at 24 h.

Results:

A total of 15,505 patients were recruited. After exclusion, among 13,754 patients, 6303 (45.83%) were triaged red and 7451 (54.17%) were triaged yellow. Mortality at 24 h was 10.31% (650) in red triaged patients and 0.35% (26) in yellow triaged patients. The 24-h mortality of red triaged patients was significantly higher (P <0.001) than that of yellow triaged patients. The presence of one or more ATP “Red” criteria was 96.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 94.42%–97.47%) sensitive and 56.8% (95% CI: 55.92%–57.63%) specific in predicting 24-h mortality. The sensitivity and specificity of ATP “Red” criteria for 24-h ICU admission were 98.5% (95% CI: 97.7%–99.1%) and 59.6% (95% CI: 58.8%–60.5%), respectively.

Conclusion:

When applied to adult nontrauma patients, ATP had a high accuracy in recognizing sick patients presenting to the ED. A time-tested and validated triage system like ATP may be a good starting point for public hospital EDs in LMICs.
Factors Affecting Stress Levels in Attendants Accompanying Patients to Emergency Department
Authors: Jaygopal Madhukar , Jain Sandeep , Malhotra Sameer , Purkayastha Anoop , Singhal Shreya
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Staff in emergency departments work in an environment where they are continuously exposed to situations with aggressive patients and their caretakers. With increasing incidents of reported violence, the present study was conducted to identify factors associated with stress levels among patients' attendants.

Methods:

A prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among 256 attendants of patients presenting to Emergency Department (ED). Signs of stress and imminent violence were recorded using STAMP method at initial encounter. Stress levels were assessed using Perceived Stress Scale 10 and Visual Analog Scale at the end of 2 h during patient's stay in emergency department. Factors associated with stress were studied using linear regression analysis. There was a follow-up to estimate the level of stress, to identify risk factors and types of violence in the sample population.

Results:

98.9% of attendants exhibited some form of stress. Age of <40 years, female gender, single marital status, lower educational background, lack of previous experience with ED, perceived long waiting time, and first-degree relatives were the significant risk factors associated with high stress. Verbal aggression was the most common and frequent form of aggression. Noncritically ill patient attendants, no previous experience with EDs, graduates, middle age group, perceived long waiting time, and poor patient response to treatment were found to be risk factors for impending violence.

Conclusion:

Stress was exhibited in majority of caregivers. Further programs are needed to strengthen training for ED staff to identify early and impending violence and to develop coping mechanisms for well-being of both attendants and health-care professionals.
Evaluation of Personality Assessment Among Medical Students on Their Academic Performance
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: September 2022

The journey of medical training is long and comes with an immense amount of financial and emotional stress to both the medical student and their family members. In order to avert all such untoward consequences and to minimize the financial load, it is essential that a right candidate with apt intellectual capabilities and personality should preferably opt for the field of medicine. In continuation, a competent medical undergraduate student not only requires a sound cognition base and good skills, but also requires a range of personal qualities. Despite the role of the personal attributes in predicting the performance of a medical student, the assessment of personality has not been given much importance. However, the available research findings on personality suggest that a systematic measurement of personality can provide significant information about the decision to select students for the medical profession or for their right specialty as a part of the postgraduation course. In conclusion, the personality of a medical student plays an important role in the academic performance and the clinical outcomes. Thus, it becomes the need of the hour to provide adequate emphasis toward the timely assessment of personality among medical students to improve academic outcome, career preference, and even upgradation of the quality of care offered to patients.
Prevalence of Rifampicin-Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis by CBNAAT in a Tertiary Care Hospital of West Bengal, India
Authors: Adhikary Moumita , Phukan Jyoti Prakash , Debnandi Arani , Sinha Anuradha , Das Sanjushree , Lath Abhisek
Published: September 2022

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the commonest infectious diseases in India, where control is difficult due to the emergence of multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). The rifampicin resistance (RR) is an important surrogate marker of MDR-TB.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of this article is to determine the prevalence of RR-TB among all symptomatic presumptive TB patients by cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) in our institution.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2020 in the Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) center of a tertiary care hospital. All presumptive cases of pulmonary TB patients coming to the DOT center were subjected to CBNAAT by GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis rifampicin (MTB/RIF) (Cepheid). Data were collected from a data-extraction sheet from registration books and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Fisher’s exact test was applied to examine the association between categorical variables and P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

A total of 6171 presumptive TB patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of TB was 1590 (25.77%) in all age groups. The prevalence of RR-TB among all confirmed TB cases was 10.75% (171/1590) with the majority being males (130 cases). The prevalence of RR cases among new and previously treated was 3.1% and 36.34%, respectively, which were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

We found that RR-TB is still much prevalent in our area, and it was significantly higher in previously treated cases. The CBNAAT is a good molecular assay method for rapid detection of TB and also for the detection of RR-TB.
Iron-Deficiency Anemia as a Risk Factor for the First Simple Febrile Convulsion
Authors: Al Kenani Ahmed K. T. , Al Mamory Basheer H. M. , Al Obaidi Asaad F. H.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Febrile seizure is the most common convulsive disorder in childhood. The role of iron in the metabolism of neurotransmitters and carrying oxygen to the brain suggests the possibility of a relationship between iron-deficiency anemia and febrile seizures.

Objectives:

The aim of study is to study the role of iron-deficiency anemia as a risk factor for febrile seizures.

Materials and Methods:

This is a hospital-based case–control study performed in 30 children with febrile seizures (case) and 80 febrile children without seizures (control) who were aged between 6 and 60 months. The groups were matched in terms of age, gender, and the use of supplemental iron. Laboratory tests consisted of complete blood count, serum iron, plasma ferritin were done for each patient.

Results:

Thirty-four percent of the cases with febrile seizure had iron-deficiency anemia compared with 20% of children with febrile illness without seizure and 12% of healthy children. The odds ratio for iron-deficiency anemia in the patients with febrile seizure was 3.059 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.969–9.657) compared with the febrile children without convulsion and 5.608 (95% CI = 1.834–17.146) compared with the healthy group.

Conclusion:

Based on the result of this study, iron deficiency could be an important risk factor for the development of febrile convulsion. This encourages the evaluation of iron status in children with febrile seizure.
Altered Hematological Profile
Authors: Dey Goutam , Majumdar Arijit , Sinha Anuradha
Published: September 2022

Background:

Being a systemic infection, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects hematologic system, along with cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and neurological systems, resulting in altered hematological parameters. These altered hematological findings are thought to have a role in early risk stratification and prognostication of COVID-19 patients. However, the data on hematological abnormalities associated with the disease among Eastern Indian COVID-19 patients, particularly the Bengalis, are limited.

Aim:

The aim is to study the association, if any, between various hematological parameters and disease severity of COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional study involving 145 laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on the disease severity, the patients were divided into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe. Various hematological parameters were analyzed.

Results:

Of the 145 patients, 82.8%, 9.6%, and 7.5% of the cases were in the mild, moderate, and severe groups, respectively. The mean age was 48 years. The result of our study showed that the age of the patients is directly proportional to the severity of the illness. About 62.1% of the patients were male, whereas the rest (37.9%) were female. Our study showed an independent association of Covid severity with male gender. Although mean total leukocyte count (TLC), absolute count of neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil–monocyte ratio (NMR), lymphocyte–monocyte ratio, platelet–lymphocyte ratio, and systemic inflammatory index among mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 cases were statistically significant (P < 0.05), basophil, monocyte, and platelet count were statistically insignificant among the three groups. Nearly all of the hematological parameters could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers for subsequent analysis because their area under the curve was higher than 0.50.

Conclusion:

Severity of COVID-19 is associated with older age, male sex, higher TLC, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, high NLR, and high NMR. As complete blood count is an inexpensive routine blood investigation, it can be very useful in a resource-poor healthcare facility, which is unable to provide high-end investigations.
The Impact of Glycemic Control on Procalcitonin Level in Patients with Type II Diabetes
Authors: Abbas Zainab Abdul-Elah , El-Yassin Hedef Dhafir
Published: September 2022

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by hyperglycemia that can lead to serious complications. It results from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes and mainly affects adults. It is associated with insulin resistance and low-grade chronic inflammation in the adipose tissue, muscles, and liver. Measurement of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is one of the most widely used tests to monitor diabetes. The aim of this study was to shed light on the effect of glycemic control of type 2 diabetes on procalcitonin (PT) levels in order to prevent future complications.

Materials and Methods:

This case-control study included 68 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. At Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, and University of Baghdad and at Al-Sadiq Teaching Hospital in Al-Hilla City, during the period from July 2020 to October 2020. Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) was estimated by using an affinity chromatography assay. These patients were divided according to HbA1c level into bad control group (HbA1c > = 7%) which included 36 patients, and good control group (HbA1c <7%) which included 32 patients. Another group of 32 nondiabetic apparently healthy subjects (HbA1c <5.7%) served as control group. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), gestational diabetes, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, history of recent infection, diabetic foot, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or recent trauma or surgery were excluded. PCT of each participant was estimated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:

The mean PCT values of bad control group, good control group, and control groups were 871.3776, 834.5005, and 208.5313 pg/mL, respectively. The study showed that there was no significant difference in mean PCT between good control and bad control groups (P > 0.05). In addition, there was no significant correlation between PCT and HbA1c among diabetic patients (r = 0.072, P > 0.05). However, there is a significant differences in mean of PCT values between diabetic patients and control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

There was no effect of glycemic control on PCT level in patients with T2DM. However, the level of PCT was increased in comparison with non-diabetic healthy subjects.
The Relationship between Serum Levels of Irisin and Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Jasem Jenan Abd Al , Al-Moayad Hala Abd Al-Qadir
Published: September 2022

Background:

Hyperglycemia often occurs in pregnant women with a significant increase in the global prevalence of diabetes. This phenomenon provides a large amount of research data for studying the relationship between pregnancy and blood glucose. Irisin is a myokine first identified for its ability to induce the browning of white adipose tissue, to increase energy expenditure, and to protect against insulin resistance and obesity.

Objectives:

The aim is to assess the relationship between serum levels of irisin and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Al-Imamian Al-Kadhemain Medical City, from the first of January 2020 to the end of October 2020. Pregnant women at the second trimester (n = 100) were divided into two groups: women with GDM previously diagnosed as case group (n = 50) and healthy pregnant women as control group (n = 50).

Results:

Mean serum level of irisin for the case group was 707.5 ± 167.2 ng/mL, and 892 ± 123.8 ng/mL for the control group, with a highly significant decrease in the case group than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The validity test of the serum irisin level at cutoff value of 702 shows that sensitivity was 94%, specificity was 90%, negative predicted value was 94%, positive predicted value was 90%, and the accuracy of the test was 92%.

Conclusion:

Serum levels of irisin were significantly lower in patients with GDM.
The Effect of Vit B12 Deficiency, Homocystein, and Lipid Metabolism in Association with Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mahmood Kawakib Saeed , Al-Rasol Enas Adnan Abd
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Gestational diabetes defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during the present pregnancy. This definition applies whether or not insulin is used for treatment and undoubtedly includes some women with previously unrecognized overt diabetes.

Objectives:

To assess the effect of Vit B12 deficiency, Homocystein and Lipid metabolism in association with increased risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective case control study. Sample collection: pregnant women at the 2nd and 3rd trimester (n = 100) were divided into two groups: Women with GDM considered as case group (n = 50) and healthy pregnant women as control group (n = 50) were enrolled in this study.

Results:

The mean level of serum B12 in case group were (169.3 ± 13.6) and (227.5 ± 29.9) of control group with highly significant decrease in case group than that in healthy control group (P < 0.001). Significant correlation between Vit B12 and BMI, and significant association with moderate correlation with Gestational age (P- values =0.042). Significant association with moderate correlation between Vit B12 and both insulin level and HOMA-IR test in GDM group (P < 0.05) respectively. Highly significant association (P < 0.001) with good correlation (0.712) was found between Homocysteine and B12. Significant correlation between Vit B12 and lipid profile (cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG) and LDL, HDL, and TG were presented with moderate correlation. Homocysteine [umol/L] level in GDM group was (8.31 +/- 2.02) and (7.33 +/- 3.54) for healthy group with significant difference (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Highly significant decrease of vit B12 in patients with GDM than that in healthy group, while highly significant increase of Homocysteine and triglyceride in GDM patients than in healthy group.