bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Robert Alice Rinky , Himavathi Ganja , Suresh Maddila
Published: July 2022

The multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are vital for producing structurally
varied molecular objects. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) contain three or more
synthetic stages and are carried out without isolation of any intermediate, thus requiring
mild reaction conditions. They are eco-friendly and cost-effective, have a short reaction
time, produce higher yields, and require raw materials. The use of microwave
irradiation in green organic synthesis sustains some of the aims of “green and
sustainable chemistry.” It offers several benefits over the conventional approach in
reducing time, reaction rates, selectivity, product yields, etc. Consequently, the
preparation of various heterocycles using a one-pot multicomponent method combined
with the application of microwave irradiation is one of the best areas amongst synthetic
chemistry. The present study illustrates an overview of recent progress on microwave irradiated, one-pot multicomponent synthesis of heterocycles.
A Review on Synthesis, Chemistry, and Medicinal Properties of Benzothiazines and their Related Scaffolds
Authors: S. Alharbi Abdulrahman , N. Al-Romaizan Abeer , M. Abdel-Rahman Reda
Published: July 2022

Background: Sulfur and nitrogen heterocyclic systems, especially benzothiazine
derivatives, play a vital role in the search for newer drugs due to a significant scientific
interest owing to their broad range of synthetic values, various routes, and
pharmacological properties. It is known that benzothiazines are divided into five units:
1,2-, 2,1-, 1,3-, 3,1-, and 1,4-benzothiazines. Incorporating two moieties (benzo and
thiazine) increases the biological activity of both, and thus their values synthesize new
heteropolycyclic systems. Considering their diverse roles in the biological area and
synthesis chemistry, huge effects have been found in developing novel and efficient
methodologies to synthesize various benzothiazine moieties with different
substitutions.

Methods: The present chapter comprises an inclusive vision of new and
straightforward synthetic strategies to afford benzothiazine and related systems. This
chapter covers various reactions for synthesizing benzothiazines, such as alkylation,
acylation, aroylation, halogenation, elimination, rearrangement, ring enlargement,
reduction, and oxidation. Besides, it also includes other reactions, like cyclization,
addition, condensation, cyclocondensation, metal/acid-catalyzed, hydrolysis,
aminolysis, hydrazinolysis, complexation, and enantio/regioselective. Moreover, many
benzothiazines have been evaluated for their therapeutic activity.

Result: The synthesis and chemical reactions of benzothiazines derivatives have been
reported. The preparation approaches of some compounds have been found to involve
many steps, and others one-pot, resulting in good to excellent yields. Also, many
synthesized compounds have shown medicinal properties, such as aldose reductase,anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer,
antiviral, antioxidant, herbicidal, and anticarcinogenic, anti-tubercular, antianthelmintic, and antitumor probes.

Conclusion: The chapter covers various methods to synthesize benzothiazines and
their derivatives, thereby displaying their biological activities.
Boundary Elements for Potential Problems
Authors: Ahmed S.G.
Published: July 2022

The present chapter focuses on the elementary development and features
of one of the most important numerical techniques that were started by Brebbia CA
in 1970. The chapter contains the basic strategy and development of these methods
and techniques. The chapter focuses mainly on the boundary element methods and
its potential problems.
Phase Change and Boundary Element Methods
Authors: Ahmed S. G.
Published: July 2022

In the present chapter, the author focused on the direct and indirect
application of the boundary element methods to solve phase change problems. The
chapter starts with the basic principles of the boundary element methods with the
complete derivation of the final system of the algebraic equations.
Boundary Element Methods for Phase Change Over Domains with Fixed Boundaries
Authors: Ahmed S. G.
Published: July 2022

In the present chapter, the principles of the boundary element methods for
phase change problems over domains with fixed boundaries are developed briefly.
The details are developed starting from the 1-D diffusion problems over domains
with fixed boundaries subjected to different types of boundary and initial conditions.
In these problems, a new criterion has emerged: the existence of a moving
boundary, which requires special treatment when solving overall problems.
Boundary Element Methods Stefan Problems over Domains with Moving Boundaries
Authors: Ahmed S. G.
Published: July 2022

In the present chapter, the principles of the boundary element methods for
phase change problems over domains with moving boundaries are developed in
brief details. The details are developed starting from the 1-D diffusion problems
over domains with fixed boundaries subjected to different types of boundary and
initial conditions. In these problems, a new criterion has appeared: the existence of
the moving boundary, which requires special treatment when solving overall
problems.
New Approach of BEM
Authors: Ahmed S. G.
Published: July 2022

In the present chapter, the author suggested a new approach for applying
the direct boundary element methods; however, this approach is not published yet. It
is a new idea based on Artificial quadratic linear approximation in the boundary
element method.
Numerical Results
Authors: Ahmed S. G.
Published: July 2022

The present chapter is designated to cover overall discussion of different
numerical examples, and as we will see, the results are divided into four types.
Best and Worst Epidemiological Scenarios of COVID-19
Authors: N.P.M Mohamed Tariq , Manikandan D. , Riyaz S.U. Mohammed
Published: July 2022

This chapter aims to assess the social, healthcare, and economic impacts of
SARS-Corona Virus 2019 globally since the World Health Organization declared it a
global pandemic in March 2020. The primary focus of this study is to assess the
management of this disaster, our emergency response to it, and our preparedness.
Currently, the pandemic has spread across the globe, leaving its impression in 196
countries, so a complete analysis of it can only be made once the pandemic ends. The
epidemiological techniques and statistical modelling data of this highly infectious virus
across the globe are important for conducting such studies. Currently, this data is
inconsistent depending upon the climate and case-to-case scenarios. There is an urgent
need for government and non-governmental organizations to work together in a
coherent way to fight this disease. This deadly virus can only be neutralized by public
awareness, social distancing, and vaccination.
Lung Recruitability in COVID-19
Authors: Priadharsini K. , Manikandan D. , Koolath Sajeer , Reddy G.Rajasekhar , Mohammed Riyaz S.U.
Published: July 2022

In December 2019, a new infectious respiratory disease emerged in Wuhan,
Hubei province, China. A novel coronavirus, SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2),
shows features that were similar to that SARS-CoV. Soon it was believed to have
caused a new lung disease later on known as COVID-19. Originally, the susceptible
index patient was asymptomatic and later was confirmed as COVID positive with
fever, cough, and sore throat-like symptoms. Later the index patient symptoms rapidly
severed along with a high respiratory rate. The severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is associated with lung injury, while acute respiratory
distress syndrome may result in a pulmonary failure resulting in mortality. Severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) soon captured the world's attention
due to its capacity to widespread fatality leading to the failure of the healthcare system
across the globe. It was also revleaed by the researchers that both SARS-CoV-2 and
SARS-CoV exhibited the same features while making their entry into the host cells.
They made use of host angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) for their entry into
the host. This enzyme is present on the host cell surface, especially in epithelial cells of
respiratory organs like lungs and small intestine in humans. From the accumulated
existing published data, it is obvious that the SARS-CoV-2 employs two ways for
making its entry into the host cells: one path is initiated by transmembrane protease
serine 2 (TMPRSS2) that lies on the surface of the cell while the other is mediated by
angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) endosomal pathway. On the other hand,
Cholesterol and sphingolipid-rich lipid raft, and micro-domains in the plasma
membrane that are used as several physiological signalling pathways, are also involved
in virus entry. This chapter aims at briefly evaluating the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and new anti viral drugs against the disease.
SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant of Drug
Authors: Ranjani Pandurangan , Govindaraju Atulbabu , Manikandan D. , Riyaz S.U.Mohammed
Published: July 2022

At the end of 2019, there was a global pandemic jeopardizing the lives of
millions of people, with reports on the spread of novel coronavirus (nCoV-2019).
COVID-19 or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
originated from bats and was transmitted to humans through an unknown source in
Wuhan city located in China and spread across the globe in early 2020. The nCoV-19
uses its spike glycoprotein receptor to bind to the host cell angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) sites to launch a combination of events leading to server acute
respiratory syndrome. In the past 100 years, the COVID-19 pandemic is the most
destructive and life-threatening disease affecting the lives of millions of people after
the Spanish flu. Hence, it requires a speedy measure to curtail the spread and combat
the death rates. As it is said, vaccines are found to be a commendable strategy to
alleviate the viral strains. The data required for the vaccine development, including the
whole genome and protein sequence of SARS-CoV-2, were made available, which
enabled numerous researchers and scientists across the countries to develop multiple
vaccines for prophylactic and treatment of COVID-19. All these vaccines are in various
stages of clinical trials. To date, globally, only 115 vaccine candidates have been
developed, out of which 78 were found to be active and 37 yet to be confirmed.
Vaccine development to prevent SARS-CoV-2 has potential hurdles where regulatory
and medical decisions are taken based on the ratio between benefit and risk factors.
Data on the specific SARS-CoV-2 antigen(s) used in vaccine development are highly
limited in public resources. The vaccine developed mainly aimed to induce neutralizing
antibodies against the viral spike (S) protein, preventing uptake via the human ACE2
receptor. However, it is unclear how different forms and/or variants of the S protein
used in different vaccine candidates relate to each other or the genomic epidemiology of the disease. The most advanced candidates have recently moved into clinical
development, including mRNA-1273 from Moderna, Ad5-nCoV from CanSino
Biologicals, and INO-4800 from Inovio. Numerous other vaccine developers have
indicated plans to initiate human testing in 2020. In this review, we focus mainly on the
development of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine using recombinant technology.
Immune Response for SARS CoV-2
Authors: Sakthinathan Sri Ranjani , Manikandan D. , Koolath Sajeer , Reddy G. Rajasekhar , Balan Karthic Kumar
Published: July 2022

COVID 19 is the third one among zoonotic coronavirus, first and second
being SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, respectively. WHO has declared the coronavirus
disease 2019 a pandemic on March 11th, 2020. The last pandemic was reported in the
year 2009, which was H1N1 flu. The early eradication of COVID 19 seems impossible
as it has never been identified in humans previously. There is a need to understand the
basic immunology of this disease, to develop vaccines and medicines to save the global
population from this novel coronavirus. The immune system protects against pathogens
by producing antibodies to kill the pathogens that enter our bodies. Lymphocytes play a
major role because they recognize the virus and produce antibodies against them, but
people infected with COVID 19 showed a decline in the number of lymphocytes.
Lymphocytes include T-cells, B-cells, Natural killer cells. About 15% of COVID 19
patients develop pneumonia, and about 5% end up in multiple organ failure where the
immune response is critically impaired. The clinical conditions associated with Covid 19 include cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In
addition, changes in Acute Phase Reactants proteins (APR) have also been reported.
This chapter aims to improve the understanding of the immune response and
immunopathological changes that have been witnessed in patients suffering from this
disease.
Toezicht op en in het strafproces
Authors: Harteveld Alex
Published: July 2022

Oratie uitgesproken door prof.dr. mr. Alex Harteveld op 8 april 2022 bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van bijzonder hoogleraar Toezicht op strafvorderlijk overheidshandelen aan de Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. In zijn oratie betoogt Harteveld dat er binnen het strafproces nog veel ruimte is voor extra toezicht, bijvoorbeeld door de rechter-commissaris tijdens het opsporingsonderzoek. Vaak wordt gesteld dat er onvoldoende toezicht is op het OM, een instantie die een grote macht heeft in het strafproces. Het OM heeft het gezag over het opsporingsonderzoek, bepaalt wie er vervolgd gaat worden en kan ook zelf straffen opleggen met een OM-strafbeschikking. Vooral de rechter ziet erop toe dat de strafvorderlijke instanties voldoen aan de daaraan gestelde eisen, te weten of wel rechtmatig wordt gehandeld. Bij het toezicht op het OM zijn echter ook externe instanties betrokken die niet speciaal daarvoor zijn ingericht, zoals de Nationale Ombudsman of de Rekenkamer. Daarnaast is er het toezicht van de Procureur-Generaal bij de Hoge Raad (de PG), bij wie het uitoefenen van toezicht op het OM terug te voeren is op een wettelijke bepaling (art. 122 Wet op de Rechterlijke Organisatie). Herziening wettelijke regeling Op de OM-strafbeschikking kan de strafrechter tot nu toe nauwelijks toezicht houden. Dat komt doordat er na het aantekenen van verzet tegen de strafbeschikking niet meer naar die strafbeschikking wordt gekeken. De strafrechter die dat verzet behandelt gaat namelijk de strafzaak weer van nul af aan bekijken. Volgens Harteveld is dat een gebrek in het systeem. Via een herziening van de wettelijke regeling van de strafbeschikking zou dit gebrek hersteld moeten worden. De rechter zou na verzet moeten bekijken of de strafbeschikking door het OM rechtmatig is. Dan kan het toezicht op de strafbeschikking binnen het strafrecht worden geregeld en hoeft daarmee niet meer een externe instantie zoals de PG bij de Hoge Raad te worden belast.
Tingkatan sosial ekonomi orangtua berdampak pada kemampuan belajar siswa di masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Febriani Bunga Anggun , Anshori Isa
Published: July 2022

Dalam lingkungan masyarakat tingkatan sosial ekonomi setiap orangtua berbeda-beda. Terdapat tingkat sosial ekonomi atas, menengah, dan bawah semua itu berdampak pada kehidupan sosial serta pendidikan anak. Perbedaan tingkatan kelas sosial orangtua nantinya berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan belajar siswa. Namun saat ini dunia sedang digemparkan oleh adanya pandemic covid-19 yang mengakibatkan proses pembelajaran harus dilakukan dengan metode daring. Tetapi metode pembelajaran daring memiliki beberapa permasalahan yang cukup krusial untuk dibahas. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh dunia pendidikan atas pandemic covid-19 terutama dalam ketidaksetaraan yang dirasakan oleh para murid untuk menerima materi pembelajaran secara daring (online) dirumah. Dengan mengetahui berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi para murid dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran daring diharapkan pemerintah dapat memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan secara merata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan secara deskriptif. Penelitian kualitatif ini merupakan suatu langkah yang ditempuh guna memperoleh isi dari komunikasi yang disampaikan oleh peneliti dalam bentuk wawancara maupun pengajuan pertanyaan kepada informan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kemampuan belajar siswa tergantung pada status sosial orangtua. AbstractIn the social environment, the socioeconomic level of each parent is different. There are socioeconomic levels above, middle, and below all that have an impact on social life and children's education. The difference in the level of parental social class will affect the learning ability of students. However, the world is currently in an uproar by the co-19 pandemic which has resulted in an online learning process. But online learning methods have some issues that are crucial enough to be discussed. The purpose of this study is to find out and explain the various problems faced by the education world of the co-19 pandemic, especially in the inequality felt by students to receive online learning material at home. By knowing the various problems faced by students in participating in the online learning process, it is hoped that the government can improve and improve the quality of education equally. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. This qualitative research is a step taken to obtain the contents of communication delivered by researchers in the form of interviews and asking questions to informants. The results of this study stated that the student's learning ability depends on the social status of parents.
Pengembangan bumiku sebagai media pembelajaran lingkungan hidup di sekolah dasar
Authors: Halimah Ima Siti , Djumhana Nana , Saputri Aprilia Eki , Damayanti Mela
Published: July 2022

Media pembelajaran sebagai alat penunjang penyampaian pembelajaran menjadi bagian yang penting dalam penelitian ini khususnya bagi pembelajaran Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup yang bersifat kontekstual dan mendorong siswa sekolah dasar untuk mengenali masalah lingkungan di sekitarnya. Bumiku sebagai rancangan media pembelajaran yang berupa buku harian interaktif disusun sesuai dengan aspek lingkungan hidup yang berkenaan langsung dengan siswa. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan tahapan perencanaan, produksi, dan evaluasi sebagai tahapan dan proses rancangan Bumiku. Hasil penelitian berupa media grafis berbentuk buku harian interaktif dengan isi konten berupa pertanyaan dan artikel pendek berdasarkan aspek lingkungan yang berkenaan dan berdampak langsung pada kehidupan siswa sekolah yang diantaranya  energi listrik, sampah, kondisi alam, sanitasi, dan pemanasan global.AbstractLearning media as a means of supporting the delivery of learning is an important part of this study, especially for learning contextual environmental education and encouraging elementary school students to recognize environmental problems in their surroundings. Bumiku as a learning media design in the form of an interactive diary arranged in accordance with environmental aspects that are directly related to students. Using qualitative methods with the planning, production, and evaluation stages as the process of the Bumiku design. The results of the research are graphic media in the form of interactive diaries with content in the form of questions and short articles based on environmental aspects that have a direct impact on the lives of school students, including electrical energy, waste, natural conditions, sanitation, and global warming
Apakah konsep PROSPER dapat membangun kesejahteran siswa (student wellbeing) di era pandemi Covid-19?
Authors: Cahdriyana Rima Aksen , Richardo Rino
Published: July 2022

Kesejahteraan siswa (student well-being) terkait dengan keadaan emosional yang berkelanjutan yang ditandai dengan suasana hati dan sikap positif, hubungan positif dengan siswa dan guru lain, ketahanan, optimisasi diri, dan tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi dengan pengalaman belajar mereka di sekolah. Kesejahteraan siswa merupakan kompetensi yang bisa diajarkan melalui sebuah konsep, sehingga dapat memberikan pengalaman agar siswa memiliki kompetensi keterampilan sosial dan emosional. Salah satu konsep kesejahteraan siswa adalah konsep PROSPER. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan implementasi PROSPER terhadap kesejahteraan siswa dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yang berupa studi kepustakaan (library research). Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menelusuri secara online sumber-sumber berupa buku, makalah atau artikel, jurnal dan referensi literatur ilmiah melalui database Google Scholar dan ERIC Institute of Education Science. Selanjutnya data dianalisis menggunakan metode content analysis. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan implementasi PROSPER dalam menciptakan kesejahteraan siswa dimasa pandemi Covid-19 meliputi 1.) Inovasi guru dalam menggunakan multimedia online dalam pembelajaran daring; 2.) membangun komunikasi yang efektif dan persuasif kepada siswa; 3.) Mengaitkan materi pelajaran dengan kecakapan hidup terhadap Covid-19; dan 4.) Senantiasa memberikan motivasi dan dukungan kepada peserta didik.Can the PROSPER concept build student wellbeing in the era of pandemics?AbstractStudent well-being is associated with an ongoing emotional state characterized by positive moods and attitudes, positive relationships with other students and teachers, resilience, self-optimization, and high levels of satisfaction with their learning experiences at school. Student welfare is a competency that can be taught through a concept so that it can provide an experience so that students have social and emotional skill competencies. One of the concepts of student welfare is the PROSPER concept. This study aims to explain the implementation of PROSPER on student welfare during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a type of research in the form of library research. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out by searching online for sources in the form of books, papers or articles, journals, and scientific literature references through the Google Scholar and ERIC Institute of Education Science database. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the content analysis method. The results of the study show that the implementation of PROSPER in creating student welfare during the covid-19 pandemic includes 1.) Teacher innovation in using online multimedia in online learning; 2.) Build effective and persuasive communication to students; 3.) Linking the subject matter with life skills against covid-19; and 4.) Always provide motivation and support to students.
On the probability of ventricular fibrillation due to electric shock
Authors: Pritchard Geoffrey , Livingston Jr Glen , Aggarwal Riya , Griffiths Ian , Waterer Hamish , Meylan Mike , Juniper James
Published: July 2022

When exposed to a specified electrical shock, theprobability that a randomly chosen individual will undergofatal ventricular fibrillation can be regarded as a functionof random variation in the human population along twodimensions. The first dimension is the individual's bodyimpedance characteristic: for this, we introduce a newtwo-parameter model that improves on the simplerone-parameter model used in previous work. The seconddimension is the individual's current tolerance: we codifysome curves used in previous practice. We also considermethods of solving the resulting shock circuit and show thatthe fixed-point iteration method can give incorrect results.
Exploring the Use of a Web-Based Menu Planning Tool in Childcare Services: Qualitative Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kempler Jessica V , Love Penelope , Bolton Kristy A , Rozman Margaret , Spence Alison C
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Early childhood is a critical period for supporting the development of healthy eating habits, which may affect lifelong health. Childcare services are important settings for promoting early childhood nutrition; however, food provision in childcare frequently does not align with dietary guidelines. Web-based menu planning tools are well suited to support healthy food provision in childcare, although little is known about their use. Research is needed to understand how web-based menu planning tools are used in the childcare setting and how they can effectively support healthy menu planning and food provision for children in childcare.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore the use of a web-based menu planning tool called FoodChecker, which is available to childcare services in Victoria, Australia. We also aimed to gain insights and perspectives from childcare staff involved in menu planning about their use of the tool to plan healthy menus and guide healthy food provision for children.

METHODS

We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using a cross-sectional web-based survey completed by the staff involved in menu planning in childcare services. Thematic analysis was performed using NVivo software. Emergent themes were mapped against constructs of the Technology Acceptance Model regarding perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and external variables influencing perceptions and use.

RESULTS

The participants included 30 cooks and 34 directors from 53 childcare services. Participants perceived the web-based menu planning tool as useful for supporting child nutrition and health, improving organizational processes, and aiding the menu planner role. Perceptions regarding ease of use were mixed. External variables influencing perceptions and use included awareness of the tool, perceived need, time, resources, organizational support, and the food budget. Participants made recommendations to improve the tool, particularly the need to integrate functionality to make it easier and faster to use or to include more links to resources to support healthy menu planning.

CONCLUSIONS

The web-based menu planning tool was perceived as useful for cooks and directors in childcare services. Areas for improvement were identified; for example, the need for integrated digital features to make the tool easier and faster to use. As the first qualitative study to explore childcare staff experiences with a web-based menu planning tool, these findings inform future research and development of such tools to aid scalable and sustainable support for healthier food provision in the childcare sector.
An Adapted Cognitive Behavioral Stress and Self-management Intervention for Sexual Minority Men Living With HIV and Cancer Using the SmartManage eHealth Platform: Protocol and Study Design (Preprint)
Authors: Puccinelli Marc , Seay Julia , Otto Amy , Garcia Sofia , Crane Tracy E , Benzo Roberto M , Solle Natasha , Mustanski Brian , Merchant Nipun , Safren Steven A , Penedo Frank J
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Sexual minority men are disproportionately affected by HIV. Medical advances in HIV treatment have extended life expectancy, and as this group ages, medical and psychological challenges become more prominent. Older people with HIV experience a higher incidence of cancer and other comorbidities; these burdens along with sexual minority stress can strain coping resources and diminish health-related quality of life. Interventions such as cognitive behavioral stress and self-management (CBSM) can mitigate some of this burden; however, no manualized, eHealth-based interventions have focused on the unique needs of sexual minority men living with HIV and cancer.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to refine and finalize a web-based, CBSM-based intervention to meet the unique needs of this population, including sexual health, comanagement of 2 chronic conditions, and coping with sexual minority stress.

METHODS

This mixed methods study used a previously completed qualitative phase (n=6) to inform the development of a web-based platform and intervention called SmartManage. The pilot phase study (n=50) involved randomization (1:1) into either 10 sessions of adapted CBSM or an attention control health promotion. Both conditions used the SmartManage platform, a web-based eHealth program designed to deliver CBSM and health promotion content and host live groups. Feasibility and acceptability (eg, rates of participant engagement and retention) were the primary outcomes.

RESULTS

Participant-related activities are expected to be completed by November 2022, and results are expected to be submitted for publication by February 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

We hypothesize that participants would find the intervention acceptable (compared with engagement and retention rates observed in similar CBSM studies). We also hypothesize that participants receiving the SmartManage intervention would have reduced symptom burden and improved health-related quality of life before and after treatment compared with those who do not.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/37822
Co-design and Development of ENDOTEXT, a Supportive Text Message Intervention for Individuals Living with Endometriosis: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sherman Kerry Anne , Pehlivan Melissa Jade , Singleton Anna , Hawkey Alexandra , Redfern Julie , Armour Mike , Dear Blake , Duckworth Tanya , Ciccia Donna , Cooper Michael , Parry Kelly Ann , Gandhi Esther , Imani Sara A
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Background: Endometriosis, affecting 1 in 10 people assigned female at birth, is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease, with high symptom burden and adverse socio-emotional impacts. There is a need for an accessible, cost-effective and low burden intervention to support individuals in managing their endometriosis condition.

OBJECTIVE

To co-design and evaluate the acceptability, readability and quality of a bank of supportive text messages (EndoText) for individuals with endometriosis.

METHODS

In Phase 1 of this mixed method design, 17 consumer representatives (individuals with endometriosis) participated across three x 3-hour online (Zoom) focus groups. Transcripts were encoded and analysed thematically. In Phase 2, consumer representatives (n = 14) and healthcare professionals (n=9) were then invited to provide feedback on the acceptability, readability and appropriateness of the developed text messages in an online survey. All participants completed a background survey assessing sociodemographic and medical factors prior to participation.

RESULTS

Consumer representatives demonstrated diverse sociodemographic characteristics (Mage = 33.29), varying in location (metropolitan vs. rural/regional), employment, relationship and education status. Participants agreed on a frequency of four text messages per week, delivered randomly throughout the week and in one direction (i.e., no reply), with customisation for the time of day and use of personal names. There were seven main areas with which individuals required assistance and became the main topic areas for the developed text messages: general endometriosis information; physical health; emotional health; social support; looking after and caring for your body, patient empowerment and interpersonal issues. Via an online survey, 371 co-designed text messages were highly rated by consumers and healthcare professionals as clear, useful and appropriate for individuals with endometriosis. Further, readability indices (Flesch-Kincaid scale) indicated the text messages were accessible to individuals with a minimum of 7th grade high education.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the needs and preferences of a diverse consumer representative group, we co-designed EndoText, a supportive text message program for individuals with endometriosis. Initial evaluation of the text messages by consumer representatives and health professionals suggests high acceptability and suitability of the developed text messages. Future studies should further evaluate the acceptability and effectiveness of EndoText for a broader population of individuals with endometriosis.
Prevalence of Occupational Stress among Secondary School Teachers in Public Schools in the District of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Authors: EP Wickramasinghe, , R DE A Seneviratne, , NS Gunawardana, , A Sumathipala, , CD Mallen,
Published: July 2022

Teacher occupational stress is increasing globally. We aimed to determine the prevalence of occupational stress among secondary teachers, to advocate policies for prevention of occupational stress among teachers in Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional study included 1426 secondary teachers, selected using multistage cluster sampling from public schools of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Validated Teacher Stress Inventory-Sinhala (TSI-Sinhala) assessed occupational stress. Prevalence of high [15.9% (95% CI: 14.0%-17.8%)] and moderate [67.5% (95% CI: 65.1%-69.9%)] occupational stress among secondary teachers, resulted an overall high prevalence of 83.4% (95%CI: 81.4%-85.3%). Moderate occupational stress among female teachers (68.6%, 95% CI: 65.7-71.5%) was significantly higher than males (61.9%. 95% CI: 58.9-64.9%). Urgent attention to preventative interventions for occupational stress among teachers in Sri Lanka is recommended.
ANALYSIS OF POLYSORBATE 80 SOLUTION STABILITY UNDER STRESS CONDITIONS TO ENSURE ITS QUALITY AS A BIOPHARMACEUTICAL EXCIPIENT
Authors: CHENG ZHUAN , WANG XIAOHUI , CHEN QUANMIN , GUO JEREMY
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigated the effect of light, temperature, pH, peroxides, trace metals, and buffer type on the chemical stability of polysorbate 80 (PS80) obtained from the three key manufactures.
Methods: We used a fast liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector that allowed the monitoring of PS80 decay over time. For data analysis, we investigated the change in the peak area percentage of the compound over time.
Results: At pH 6.0 in histidine buffer, PS80-B was more sensitive than PS80-A and PS80-C. The PS80 from the three different sources degraded significantly with varying performance levels when exposed to light, temperature of 40 °C, peroxides, and trace metals over time.
Conclusion: Our results provide an improved understanding of the stability of PS80 obtained from the three different sources under different conditions, which provides a basis for the selection of the appropriate grade of PS80 according to the specific requirements.
TECHNICAL GUIDANCE ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL COMPARABILITY EXERCISE FOR TRASTUZUMAB BIOSIMILARS
Authors: ALMAAYTAH AMMAR
Published: July 2022

The introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) into the field of oncology has revolutionized the treatment options available to clinicians for the treatment of several malignancies. Unlike their classical small molecule drug counterparts, mAbs are large complex biological molecules that are generated using recombinant engineering and produced through the use of living systems. The high complexity of these agents, combined with the complexity of their manufacturing process, poses significant challenges for the pharmaceutical industry in producing exact copies of the originator molecules. With several mAbs losing their patency in recent years, several pharmaceutical manufacturers are pursuing the development of mAb copies or what is known as biosimilars as generic copies to the originator mAbs. Developing a mAb biosimilar requires that the manufacturer performs an extensive comparability exercise between the originator mAb and its biosimilar to provide evidence that the biological copy is similar to the originator in regards to physicochemical and functional properties, non-clinical pharmacodynamics and immunogenicity, and finally, clinical trials to ensure the safety and efficacy of the biological molecule. The inability to perform a high-quality similarity exercise could generate inferior biological copies or what is known as intended copies. Trastuzumab is a humanized mAb that was designed to target HER 2 receptors which are highly expressed in a variety of tumors, including 25-30% of invasive breast carcinomas. The aim of this review is to provide technical guidance regarding the physicochemical and functional similarity exercise for pharmaceutical personnel working in the research and development of Trastuzumab biosimilars in addition to regulatory officer’s worldwide reviewing biosimilars dossiers within public health authorities. This data will provide valuable information in detailing the main quality parameters needed to demonstrate the analytical similarity of any Trastuzumab biosimilar to its reference product.
Assessment of the PE 1 instructional material for freshmen students of KSU, Bulanao Campus
Authors: P. Bayangan Esmerlyn , C. Aggabao Maybelle , Clarin Elegio , Torres Roy Cesar
Published: July 2022

The study focuses on assessing the PE 1 instructional material for first-year students of KSU, Bulanao Campus. The study aimed to determine the extent of attainment of the objectives of PE 1 Instructional Material, determine the level of satisfaction on the delivery, content, and quality of the instructional material, and the factors affecting the attainment of the objectives of PE 1 IM. The study was carried out among first-year students of KSU, Bulanao campus who used the PE 1 instructional material. The study used the descriptive method with a structured questionnaire that gathers the needed data. The data was described, analyzed, and interpreted using the Likert 3-point scale. The result of the study showed that 87% of the respondents were on the average age for first-year students, with 67.2% females. The college of Engineering Information Technology has the most program offered has the highest number of respondents with 35.1%. The findings revealed that the objectives of PE 1 IM were perceived as much attained. The delivery, content, and quality were perceived as much satisfactory, with quality as the highest mean followed by content and delivery. The factors affecting the attainment of the objectives of the PE 1 IM was moderately affected. Therefore, based on the findings, it is recommended that instructional materials make learning more authentic and meaningful to the learner, contributing to the learning process. Instructional material to facilitate learning should be commensurate with the class period allowed. It should be usable and not so complex that time is spent just learning to use the IM and using PE IMs to explain one particular concept must also include cognizance of individual differences among the learners.
The Slumber and Wake of Dada in Mahi Binebine’s The Slumber of the Slave
Authors: Benjelloun M’hammed
Published: July 2022

Mahi Binebine published his first novel The Slumber of the Slave* in 1992. Unlike his subsequent publications which all received the due critical acclaims, this first book did not seem to draw the expected attention and went almost unnoticed. It was praised by few critics and was considered as a shy debut. Nevertheless, for a first novel, Le Sommeil de l’Esclave, seems – to me – to gather all the elements of an incoming successful career. Let us not forget that we are thirty years back, and that we are before a former mathematics teacher who spent eight years in Paris, and who decided to chose a completely different path, and give free vent to his imagination and creativity**.Accordingly,and for a first novel, one can already track down some traces of genius. Obviously, we can ask ourselves where the man draws his source of inspiration from, and wonder about the «secret of the craft» which the man has shown, and which many other craftsmen, before him, had failed to prove.
Experiencias de hospitalización por Covid-19 en personas adultas, desde una mirada humanizada
Authors: Castillo-Parra Silvana , Rojas Jara Verónica , Caamaño Flores Christian , Oyarce Olate Sebastián , Roca Alemán Sharon , Rojas Jara Sophia , Salazar Fernández Valentina
Published: July 2022

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 y la alta demanda de camas en unidades críticas, significó cambios en la organización de equipos y servicios hospitalarios, siendo los profesionales de enfermería fundamentales para gestionar cuidados humanizados y garantizar derechos relacionados con la atención de salud. Objetivo: Explorar las experiencias de hospitalización por COVID-19 de personas adultas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital universitario, desde una perspectiva de la humanización de la atención. Método: Investigación cualitativa tipo estudio de caso, aprobada por Comité de ética. Se realizan entrevistas semiestructuradas a 7 pacientes ingresados por COVID-19 en un hospital universitario en Santiago de Chile entre 2020 - 2021, previa firma del consentimiento informado. Se realiza análisis de contenido, aplicando criterios de rigor de Guba. Resultados: A pesar de lo complejo de la experiencia, los pacientes perciben positivamente la atención, destacando el contacto con la familia, las condiciones del entorno y la comunicación cercana con el personal de salud a pesar del cansancio y la presión asistencial. Conclusiones: Este estudio aporta al conocimiento y práctica para una enfermería más humanizada en contexto pandemia, abriendo posibilidades de ampliar estudios desde la perspectiva familiar y del personal sanitario.
A CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO E O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA ATRAVÉS DA TEMÁTICA PLANTAS MEDICINAIS
Authors: Carneiro João Da Silva , Quaresma Beatriz Silva , Carneiro Karla Maria Moraes
Published: July 2022

A contextualização no ensino de química é uma prática que, quando realizada de maneira satisfatória e eficiente, possibilita aos estudantes associarem os conhecimentos científicos com o seu cotidiano e, consequentemente, colabora com a construção do conhecimento crítico. Contudo, a prática de contextualizar é pouco abordada em sala de aula, principalmente no ensino de química que, em sua grande maioria, é desenvolvido de forma expositiva e demonstrativa e, assim, os docentes encontram grandes dificuldades de despertar o interesse dos alunos. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem o objetivo utilizar o conhecimento popular dos alunos em relação as plantas medicinais para contextualizar o ensino de química orgânica. A pesquisa desenvolvida foi de caráter quali-quantitativo e os dados foram obtidos através da observação das percepções dos estudantes no decorrer das aulas, da atividade experimental e da aplicação de questionários semiestruturados. Os resultados das observações permitiram dizer que desde o início da aplicação da metodologia foi possível verificar o empenho e a grande participação dos alunos da turma e indicaram que os alunos aperfeiçoaram seus conhecimentos sobre plantas medicinais, suas propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas dos compostos orgânicos. Além disso, o trabalho apresentou resultados interessantes, principalmente, por estimular o aprendizado e interesse por meio da atividade experimental. Logo, trabalhar os conteúdos de Química de forma contextualizada, pode contribuir, positivamente, para o aprendizado do aluno, pois este se envolve ativamente na realização das atividades e isto pode permitir uma aprendizagem mais significativa, uma vez que o estudante consegue relacionar o conteúdo aprendido na escola com seu cotidiano.
Trilingual newspapers in Sabah: The needs and its effect to local communities
Authors: Openg Elizabeth Joanny , Mustafa Siti Ezaleila
Published: July 2022

The state of the local press industry in Sabah, Malaysia, pioneered by trilingual newspapers such as Daily Express, New Sabah Times, and Borneo Post, seems to be losing ground when they stop or reduce their Kadazandusun sections due to a major financial crisis. Therefore, this study will examine its needs and their effect on the local communities in Sabah. Results of the study found that trilingual newspapers in Sabah play an important role in both the political aspects and the local wisdom of the state of Sabah. In addition, this study also draws attention that the use of the standard Kadazandusun language in Sabah local newspapers affects the inter-ethnic relations of the Kadazandusun community itself.
Relationship between Instagram usage, social comparison, and self-esteem among young adults during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mayukh Nafisa , A.Manaf Aini Maznina
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the relationship between Instagram usage, social comparison, and self-esteem among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey participated by 200 young adults studying in Malaysian universities was carried out. Results demonstrated the youth active engagement on Instagram. However, the direct relationships between the time spent on Instagram, social comparison, and self-esteem were inconsequential, with no significant differences between those using Instagram frequently and those who did not. Yet, the study observed considerably low self-esteem among the respondents and active tendency to make social comparisons while using Instagram during the social restriction period caused by the pandemic.
Leonid Andreev's Letters to Zinaida Sibileva. Part 2 (1890–1892)
Authors: Generalova Natalia P. , Koz'menko Mikhail V.
Published: July 2022

This is the first complete publication of Leonid Andreev's letters to his first lover, Zinaida Nikolaevna Sibileva. The course of their relationship between 1889 and 1892 was stormy and very uneven. The letters reveal many previously unknown features of Andreev's life as a schoolboy and student. But they are more important for what might be called the diary of their writer's “inner states” reflected in them, the stream of his complex, sometimes “liminal” psychological experiences. Accepting (on Maupassant's authority) that letters illuminate someone's personality more clearly, that they “expose the soul without any embellishments”, Andreev nevertheless regarded his epistolary output (as well as his diaries) as a kind of exercise in creative writing.
New Materials about Arthur Khominsky (His Letters to Mikhail P. Alexeev)
Authors: Sobolev Alexander L.
Published: July 2022

Arthur Sigismundovich Khominsky (1888 — after 1917) was a Kyiv poet and prose writer, the author of five poetry collections and a prose book “The Comfort of Jenkini” (1914). He called himself the founder of the “Alexander Blok Society” in Kyiv, sometimes being more radical in his own creative experiments than Russian symbolism Maitre. Together with Mikhail P. Aleхeev and the poet Maxim F. Rylsky they organized the literary group “Kyiv Anthropophages”, which existed in 1914–1915. The article and comment are attached to the publication of Arthur Khominsky’s creative heritage from the archive of Aleхeev who became an Academician later. Hitherto unknown Khominsky's letters to Aleхeev as well as his poetic and prose texts not only help to complete his image as an extraordinary author but contain interesting facts about literary life of the 1910s.
Bulgakov and Laboulaye (To the Issue of Sources of “Heart of a Dog”)
Authors: Stroev Alexandre F.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the European literary tradition presenting the dog as a protagonist. The author claims that the magical story of the French politician and writer Édouard Laboulaye (1811 –1883) “The Poodle-Prince” (1867) is one of the literary sources for Mikhail Bulgakov’s novella “Heart of a Dog” (1925). The fact that Laboulaye was very popular in Russia in his time is confirmed by Laboulaye’s reception in the 1860s –1920s analysis presented in the article. Laboulaye’s work containing the dominant characteristics of the distopia and social and political satire influenced the texts of Alexander Kuprin, Evgeny Zamyatin as well. The fact that since the 1910s, “The Poodle Prince” has not been republished in Russia and the USSR, can probably explain that domestic Bulgakov's studies missed it as a source inspired “Heart of a Dog.”