bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic Cigarette–Related Contents on Instagram: Observational Study and Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Gao Yankun , Xie Zidian , Sun Li , Xu Chenliang , Li Dongmei
Published: September 2020

Background

Instagram is a popular social networking platform for users to upload pictures sharing their experiences. Instagram has been widely used by vaping companies and stores to promote electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), as well as by public health entities to communicate the risks of e-cigarette use (vaping) to the public.

Objective

We aimed to characterize current vaping-related content on Instagram through descriptive analyses.

Methods

From Instagram, 42,951 posts were collected using vaping-related hashtags in November 2019. The posts were grouped as (1) pro-vaping, (2) vaping warning, (3) neutral to vaping, and (4) not related to vaping based on the attitudes to vaping expressed within the posts. From these Instagram posts and the corresponding 18,786 unique Instagram user accounts, 200 pro-vaping and 200 vaping-warning posts as well as 200 pro-vaping and 200 vaping-warning user accounts were randomly selected for hand coding. Furthermore, follower counts and media counts of the Instagram user accounts as well as the “like” counts and hashtags of the posts were compared between pro-vaping and vaping-warning groups.

Results

There were more posts in the pro-vaping group (41,412 posts) than there were in the vaping-warning group (1539 posts). The majority of pro-vaping images were product display images (163/200, 81.5%), and the most popular image type in vaping-warning posts was educational (95/200, 47.5%). The highest proportion of pro-vaping user account type was vaping store (110/189, 58.1%), and the store account type had the highest mean number of posts (10.33 posts/account). The top 3 vaping-warning user account types were personal (79/155, 51%), vaping-warning community (37/155, 23.9%), and community (35/155, 22.6%), of which the vaping-warning community had the highest mean number of posts (3.68 posts/account). Pro-vaping user accounts had more followers (median 850) and media (median 232) than vaping-warning user accounts had (follower count: median 191; media count: 92). Pro-vaping posts had more “likes” (median 22) and hashtags (mean 20.39) than vaping-warning posts had (“like” count: median 12; hashtags: mean 7.16).

Conclusions

Instagram is dominated by pro-vaping content, and pro-vaping posts and user accounts seem to have more user engagement than vaping-warning accounts have. These results highlight the importance of regulating e-cigarette posts on social media and the urgency of identifying effective communication content and message delivery methods with the public about the health effects of e-cigarettes to ameliorate the epidemic of vaping in youth.
The Geriatric Acute and Post-Acute Fall Prevention Intervention (GAPcare) II to Assess the Use of the Apple Watch in Older Emergency Department Patients With Falls: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Strauss Daniel H , Davoodi Natalie M , Healy Margaret , Metts Christopher L , Merchant Roland C , Banskota Swechya , Goldberg Elizabeth M
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Falls are a common problem among older adults that lead to injury, emergency department (ED) visits, and institutionalization. The Apple Watch can detect falls and alert caregivers and clinicians that help is needed; the device could also be used to objectively collect data on gait, fitness, and falls as part of clinical trials. However, little is known about the ease of use of this technology among older adult ED patients, a population at high risk of recurrent falls.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study—the Geriatric Acute and Post-Acute Fall Prevention Intervention (GAPcare) II—is to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of the Apple Watch Series 4 paired with the iPhone and our research app Rhode Island FitTest (RIFitTest) among older adult ED patients seeking care for falls.

METHODS

We will conduct field-testing with older adult ED patients (n=25) who sustained a fall and their caregivers (n=5) to determine whether they can use the Apple Watch, iPhone, and app either (1) continuously or (2) periodically, with or without telephone assistance from the research staff, to assess gait, fitness, and/or falls over time. During the initial encounter, participants will receive training in the Apple Watch, iPhone, and our research app. They will receive an illustrated training manual and a number to call if they have questions about the research protocol or device usage. Participants will complete surveys and cognitive and motor assessments on the app during the study period. At the conclusion of the study, we will solicit participant feedback through semistructured interviews. Qualitative data will be summarized using framework matrix analyses. Sensor and survey response data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

Recruitment began in December 2019 and was on pause from April 2020 until September 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Study recruitment will continue until 30 participants are enrolled. This study has been approved by the Rhode Island Hospital Institutional Review Board (approval 1400781-16).

CONCLUSIONS

GAPcare II will provide insights into the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of the Apple Watch, iPhone, and the RIFitTest app in the population most likely to benefit from the technology: older adults at high risk of recurrent falls. In the future, wearables could be used as part of fall prevention interventions to prevent injury before it occurs.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04304495; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04304495

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/24455
Deteksi pengaruh gelombang Kelvin pada fluktuasi uap air di tropopause menggunakan model inversi
Authors: Andarini Dita Fatria , Noersomadi Noersomadi
Published: September 2020

Analisis pengaruh gelombang ekuatorial Kelvin terhadap fluktuasi uap air (H2O) di lapisan tropopause (paras tekanan udara 100 hPa), dilakukan dengan  memanfaatkan data Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Aura versi 4.2 dan angin zonal NCEP DOE Reanalysis II sepanjang tahun 2017. Model inversi gelombang melalui pendekatan Newtonian diterapkan untuk mencari parameter amplitudo (A) dan fasa (φ) gelombang dominan pada variasi anomali H2O (H2O*). Hasil penyelarasan model inversi menunjukkan perambatan H2O* positif ke arah timur bersesuaian dengan angin zonal (U) positif (angin baratan) yang identik dengan pergerakan gelombang Kelvin. Perambatan ini didominasi oleh bilangan gelombang k1 dengan A1 dan φ1 berturut–turut sebesar 0,44 dan 21,1°.  Penulis menemukan bahwa variasi uap air dipengaruhi oleh perubahan angin baratan menjadi angin timuran dan konvergensi sebesar 0,15 × 10–5 s–1. Analisis komposit diagram relatif terhadap nilai maksimum H2O* menunjukkan adanya pengaruh gelombang ekuatorial Kelvin terhadap distribusi uap air di tropopause. Penelitian terkait pengembangan model kopel troposfer dan stratosfer perlu mempertimbangkan proses dinamika gelombang Kelvin dan proses radiatif dari konsentrasi uap air di tropopause. Analysis on the influence of equatorial Kelvin wave on the fluctuations in water vapor (H2O) at tropopause (100 hPa air pressure level) has been done utilizing Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Aura version 4.2 and zonal wind (U) from NCEP DOE Reanalysis II data throughout the year of 2017. The inverse wave model using Newtonian approximation has been applied to determine the dominant of both wave amplitude (A) and phase (φ) parameters on the H2O anomaly (H2O*). The fitting of inverse modeling result showed an eastward propagation of positive H2O* associated with positive U (westerly wind) which is identical as Kelvin wave movement. The propagation is dominated by wavenumber k1 where A1 and φ1 is 0.44 and is 21.1°, respectively.  The authors found that water vapor variations were influenced by the reversal of zonal wind from easterly to easterly and the convergence as large as 0,15 × 10–5 s–1. The composite analysis relative to the maximum value H2O* showed the influence of equatorial Kelvin wave in the water vapor distribution at tropopause. The research on the development of the troposphere –stratosphere coupling model may need to consider the dynamical process of the equatorial Kelvin wave and radiative process of water vapor concentration in the tropopause.
Variables predictoras de las respuestas psicológicas ante Covid-19: un estudio en México
Authors: Carrillo Valdez Lindsay , Escamilla Gutiérrez María Luisa , González Baena Viviana
Published: September 2020

Enfrentar una crisis sanitaria mundial exige la emisión de conductas para evitar y prevenir, que contribuyan a la reducción de la trasmisión y de la mortalidad asociada al brote epidémico. Sin embargo, muchas de las respuestas conductuales requeridas favorecen el surgimiento y mantenimiento de respuestas psicológicas emocionales como la ansiedad. Con el objetivo de identificar las variables predictoras de las respuestas psicológicas de la población adulta mexicana durante la Emergencia Nacional Sanitaria por la pandemia de Covid-19, se diseñó un estudio transversal predictivo con aplicación de una encuesta en línea a una muestra no probabilística conformada por 518 mexicanos. El análisis estadístico sugiere que las variables edad, sexo, estado civil, ocupación, creencias religiosas, lugar de residencia, ingresos económicos familiares, prácticas de salud percibidas y actitudes, se asociaron con las autopercepciones sobre la pandemia (R=.531), la emisión de respuestas conductuales prosociales y de salud/prevención (R=.563) y ansiedad (R=.297). Se concluyó que la identificación de las variables predictoras permite delinear intervenciones psicológicas que contribuyan al enfrentamiento de la pandemia actual y futuras desde un enfoque psicosocial, inclusivo y sensible a los grupos vulnerables.
De-Signing Hamiltonians for Quantum Adiabatic Optimization
Authors: Crosson Elizabeth , Albash Tameem , Hen Itay , Young A. P.
Published: September 2020

Quantum fluctuations driven by non-stoquastic Hamiltonians have been conjectured to be an important and perhaps essential missing ingredient for achieving a quantum advantage with adiabatic optimization. We introduce a transformation that maps every non-stoquastic adiabatic path ending in a classical Hamiltonian to a corresponding stoquastic adiabatic path by appropriately adjusting the phase of each matrix entry in the computational basis. We compare the spectral gaps of these adiabatic paths and find both theoretically and numerically that the paths based on non-stoquastic Hamiltonians have generically smaller spectral gaps between the ground and first excited states, suggesting they are less useful than stoquastic Hamiltonians for quantum adiabatic optimization. These results apply to any adiabatic algorithm which interpolates to a final Hamiltonian that is diagonal in the computational basis.
Analysis of Tannin Levels in Neem (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss) Leaves Extracts with Water and Ethanol Solvents
Authors: Mihra Mihra , Jura Minarni R. , Ningsih Purnama
Published: September 2020

Neem Plant is a widely used in agriculture as green fertilizer, pesticides and insecticides. People usually use the leaves as for lowering blood sugar, skin diseases, preventing infection, and reducing itching. This study aims to identify and determine tannins levels containing in neem leaves extracts. This study applied extraction by maceration method using 2 different solvents, water and ethanol. Tannin is a metabolite secondary compound belong to phenolic compound groups which oxidized easily by strong oxidization agent (potassium permanganate) so then its determination utilized permanganate method (Lowenthal-Procter). The results showed that neem leaves in 250 mL water solvent contains 0.55% of tannin, while in 250 mL ethanol solvent and concentration of 96% contains 0.27% of tannin.
Analysis of Vitamin C and Calcium in Jongi Fruits (Dillenia serrata Thunb) Based on Their Maturity Level
Authors: Kalase Miryam B. , Walanda Daud K. , Napitupulu Mery
Published: September 2020

Jongi plant (Dillenia serrata Thunb) is one of the plants that found  Poso District. The characteristics of this fruit are mainly on the refreshing sour taste and attractive color which is yellow. This study aims to determine the levels of vitamin C and calcium in this fruit based on the level of maturity. The fruit of jongi used as a sample was categorized into there type of maturity namely mature, ripe, and overripe. The method used for vitamin C analysis was iodimetry and for calcium, analysis using spectrophotometry (λ: 422.7 nm). From the results of the analysis, it was obtained that the levels of vitamin C in fruit jongi successively were 81.84, 114.40, and 70.40 mg/100 g, while the calcium levels obtained in the fruits were 5.91, 5.65, and 6.46 mg/100 g. The data above showed that the maximum vitamin C content in jongi fruit when the fruit was in ripe type, while the highest calcium content in jongi fruit was when the fruit in overripe type.
Analysis of Cyanide Acid Content in Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Based on Storage Time
Authors: Lumbantobing Ria , Napitupulu Mery , Jura Minarni R.
Published: September 2020

Cassava is a tuber of cassava plants which is a source of carbohydrates that can be consumed as food and as snack foods such as chips. However, cassava and the leaves contain cyanide acid (HCN) which is dangerous for the human when consumed in excess. Cyanide acid reduction can be done by washing as well as immersion because of its volatile nature. The aim of this research is to investigate the difference of cyanide acid (HCN) content on peeled and unpeeled cassava with the variation of storage time 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days. A preliminary test was done to know the existence of cyanide acid (HCN) in cassava. Method analysis of cassava was titrated with the NH4CNS solution using the argentometric principle of the Volhard method. The results showed that cyanide acid (HCN) content in peeled cassava was higher than unpeeled cassava which was 3.9, 4.7, 5.2, 5.6, and 6.0% respectively for shelled cassava and 3.9, 4.6, 5.1, 5.5, and 5.9% respectively for unpeeled cassava.
Feasibility of replacement of nuclear power with other energy sources in the Czech republic
Authors: Charvat Pavel , Klimes Lubomir , Pospisil Jiri , Klemes Jiri , Varbanov Petar
Published: September 2020

The feasibility and consequences of replacing nuclear power plants (NPP) in the Czech Republic with other energy sources are discussed. The NPP produced about one-third of electricity in the Czech Republic in 2017. Renewable energy sources such as hydropower, wind and solar power plants and biomass/biogas burning power plants produced about 11% of electricity in 2017. Due to the geographical and other constraints (intermittency, land footprint, and public acceptance), the renewables do not have the potential to entirely replace the capacity of the NPP. The only feasible technologies that could replace NPP in the Czech Republic in the near future are the power plants using fossil fuels. The combined cycle power plants running on natural gas (NGCC) are technically and environmentally fea-sible alternative for NPP at the moment. However, the natural gas imports would increase by two-thirds and the total greenhouse gas emissions would go up by about 10% if the power production of the NPP was entirely replaced by NGCC in the Czech Republic.
Utilization of res using seawater source heat pump with and without energy storage: Comparison of Thermal and Battery Energy Storage
Authors: Falkoni Anamarija , Soldo Vladimir , Krajacic Goran , Bupic Matko , Bertovic Iva
Published: September 2020

Heat and cooling stands out with the great potential in decarbonisation since they have a large share in the final energy consumption. Power-to-heat technologies may contribute to the heat sector decarbonisation as well as the integration of renewables if they are sufficiently flexible. They are also shown to have a good effect on the system costs. This work will analyse the potential of seawater heat pump system for the utilization of high share of electricity production from the renewables. The Old City of Dubrovnik is selected as a case study because of its specific situation. A large number of the outdoor units are not well approved by UNESCO since the Old City is under the protection of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre. The results of the study showed that the combination of wind and solar electricity production can cover 67% of load for stand-alone seawater heat pump system based on hourly time step. Utilization of renewable electricity generation, for this case, resulted in 433.71 tCO2/y emission reduction. System based on 10 minutes time step gave poorer results by 6%. System with the additional energy storage gained best results in the case of combined wind and solar electricity generation, as well. It resulted in storage capacity reduction by 78% ac-cording to the case of solar electricity generation and by 60% according to the wind electricity generation. Battery energy storage resulted in 40 times lower volume and 13 times higher investment costs and levelised cost of heat in comparison to the thermal energy storage.
Marshall H. Twitchell: Selected Financial Records of a Vermont Carpetbagger in Louisiana
Authors: Herda David N. , Herda John N.
Published: September 2020

Farmer, teacher, law student, Union Army soldier and captain, Freedmen's Bureau agent, plantation owner, entrepreneur, state senator, and U.S. consul were among the many positions held by Marshall Harvey Twitchell. This paper draws from an archive to illustrate some of the business dealings of a successful Vermonter in postbellum Louisiana.
Comparative Study of Biology Student Learning Achievement with Cooperative Model by Numbered Head Together (NHT) and Talking Stick in Class XI SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP
Authors: Iryanda Dhea Delara , Handayani Dezi , Helendra Helendra
Published: September 2020

This research purpose to comparestudents’biology learning achievement that used cooperative learning model Numbered Head Together with the other class that usedTalking Stickinclass XI at SMA PembangunanLaboratoriumUniversitasNegeri Padang. This research was based on the problem in this school that still dominated by teacher centered learning and low interest and activityof students in learning, those make the students bored in the classroom. This research was quasi-experimental research which used the static group comparison designthat modified, because in this research didnot used any control class. Sample of this research was choosen by saturation sampling. Result showed thatstudents’ biology learning achievementusing Numbered Head Togetherhas significant difference with using Talking Stick learning model.
The Application of Discovery Learning Model with Reward for Improving the Learning Activities of Biology Studens in Class XI MIA 2 SMAN 1 Padang
Authors: Yusri Zul , Putri Putri
Published: September 2020

Student activity is an important factor that must be a concern in the learning process, especially in biology subjects which have tended to be considered as many memorized and Latin subjects. One effort that can be done to improve student learning activities is through the application of discovery learning models along with the provision of rewards with the material used, namely animal networks. The purpose of this study was to improve the learning activities of Biology students in class XI MIA 2 SMAN 1 Padang. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which was conducted in two cycles consisting of four stages, namely planning, implementing, observing, reflecting. namely students of class XI MIA 2 SMAN 1 Padang the number of students as many as 29 people. Data collection techniques were obtained through observation, questionnaires. The results showed that the application of discovery learning learning models can improve the learning activities of Biology students in animal network material. students are classified as good from 67.93% in Cycle I, increased to 78.62% in Cycle II, and increased by 10.72%.
EFFECTIVENESS OF INQURY DISCUSSION ASSISTED IMPLEMENTATION OF POWERPOINT MEDIA IN LIFE ORGANIZATION IN SMP N I PULOKULON
Authors: Jalil Muhamad
Published: September 2020

Biology Learning at SMP N 1 Pulokulon obtained information that the learning process that occurs less involving students. The final test of the first semester for the science subjects was 35.5% of the students got the score ≥ 50, the students' learning completeness for the Biology subject in the school was 65% of students got ≥ 50. The effort to solve the problem was by applying inquiry discussion. This method is combined with PowerPoint media that can display images concretely. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of inquiry discussion assisted application of PowerPoint media in the learning of organizational life on students in SMP N 1 Pulokulon. The type of data consists of: (1) affective and psychomotoric students, obtained by using activity observation sheet and student performance during the learning progress, (2) cognitive students, obtained by multiple choice test given at the beginning and end of learning. Achievement mastery of affective and psychomotor learning result that is ≥ 85% student reach good and very good criterion. Analysis of cognitive data of students using variance analysis, if the F test is significantly different then continued the test of the BNT. The BNT test result in the post test shows that the experimental class is significantly different from the comparison class. Thus it can be concluded that the inquiry discussion with PowerPoint media effectively applied to the material organization of life in students in class VII SMP N 1 Pulokulon.
The Influence of Think Pair Share (TPS) Cooperative Learning Model and Initial Ability on Affective Competence Biology Class VIII of SMPN 38 Sijunjung
Authors: Silvina Rini
Published: September 2020

The aim of this research was to reveal the influence of Think Pair Share cooperative learning model and initial ability on affective competence biology class VIII of SMPN 38 Sijunjung. This was a Quasi Experimental research which used 2 x 2 factorial design. The population of the research was the students in class VIII os SMPN 38 Sijunjung in academic year 2015/2016. By using saturated sampling technique, class VIII1 was chosen as the experimental class and class VIII2 was as the control class. Instrument used in this research is observation sheet filled by observer to see student affective competence. The results of the research revealed that Think Pair Share cooperative learning model exerted an influence upon affective competence of the students having either high or low initial ability.
THE EFFECTS OF JIGSAW TYPE COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL AND EARLY STUDENT ABILITY ON AFFECTIVE ABILITY BIOLOGY OF CLASS XI IPA STUDENTS OF SMAN 1 BONJOL IN EDUCATION YEAR 2015/2016
Authors: Rahmi Ennike Gusti
Published: September 2020

Based on the results of observations that researchers do in SMAN 1 Bonjol Pasaman district on April 21, 2014, the fact in the biology learning process has not run in accordance with expectations, where the implementation of learning is still focused on the teacher as a source of information. In addition, students are less motivated, less active in following the lesson because of the lack of interaction of students with teachers or students with students. This is because teachers provide learning materials using only lecture methods. Students just listen and record what the teacher explains so that students are less understanding of the material. If there is a teacher who asks only one or two students who answered and others prefer silence. Students who want to ask or answer teacher questions are only high-ability students, while low-ability students do not want to be actively involved in learning. The low affective ability of students is also determined by the initial knowledge of the students, The aim of this study was to comprehend effects of jigsaw cooperative learning model and early ability on affective ability in biology of class XI IPA students in education year 2015/2016. This quasi experiment studey used 2 x 2 factorial study design. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling, resulting in class XI IPA4 as experiment, and class XI IPA3 as control groups. The instrument used is the affective aspect score sheet. The study results showed that there was an effect of jigsaw cooperative study model on student’s affective ability, of those with high or low early ebilities.
Development of Assesment Instrument Based on Scientific Literacy in Digestive System, Additives, and Addictive Substances for Junior High School
Authors: Lina Yuni Rosa , Helendra Helendra , Arsih Fitri
Published: September 2020

Success in science education can be seen from the achievement of science literacy learners. The results of the analysis show that the ability of science literacy of learners in Padang City was in low category. This is because the learning process has not been fully support to the development of science literacy skills of learners, especially on the development of science learning assessment instrument. This study aims to produce assessment instruments based scientific literacy on digestive system, additives, and addictive substances for SMP. This research used the research development models by Plomp where consisting of three phase, there are preliminary phase, development or prototype (development or prototyping phase), and assessment phase. The subject were 47 students of SMP Negeri 1 Padang and validator consisted of 3 lecturers of FMIPA. This research resulted in scientific literacy assessment on digestive system, additives, and addictive substances for SMP, those are valid for both logical and empiric, practical in the use for students, high reliability, have good distinguisher, and level of difficulty. Based on logical validity, this scientific literacy assessment declared 80.42% valid by experts. Based on empiric validity, this scientific literacy assessment declared 70.69% valid. Based on practicality, this scientific literacy assessment declared 81,70% by students.
Identification of Misconception in Basic Material of Evolution Theories at Biology Department Students of Padang State University
Authors: Fauziah Atikah , Darussyamsu Rahmawati , Fitri Rahmadhani
Published: September 2020

Evolution as a subject in lecture is a material that has many concepts, theoretical, and hard to understand. Then it impacts some misconception on students. Misconception is a situation where the concept that students’ get is different from what experts' mean. The purpose of this research is to know the evaluations' concepts that be misconception by biology' students of Padang state University who has been learning evolution subject and to know the percentage of misconception which had been happened. This research is a desriptive study. Subject of this research is the students of biology of Padang state University who has been learning evolution in second semester in academic year 2016/2017. Sample of this research is all subject that still active in college. Variable of this research is students' misconception toward concpets in evolution material. Instrument of this research is multiple choice test that be equipped with criteria of certainty of response index (CRI) have the form of numeral 1, 2 and 3 which be choosed based on level of conviction of the answer. Analysis of the data used quantitative with count percentage of students have misconception that is students who are choosen flase answer ans index 3 in CRI. Based on data analysis indicate students of biology of Padang University did misconception in evolution material after learning evolution subject with high percentage be found in basic material about definition and the scope of evolution is 39.52% and the low percentage of misconception be found in basic material about Darwin's evolution is 15.86%.
Development of a Module with Comprehensive Intelligence about Fungi Material for Class X SMA/MA
Authors: Rosada Nurul Amrina , Ardi Ardi , Helendra Helendra , Yogica Relsas
Published: September 2020

Quality of education can be realized with the procurement of instructional materials in the form of module in accordance with demands of the curiculum 2013. Module in accordance with the curiculum 2013 containing values of spiritual intelligence, social and emational intelligence, intelctual intelligence and skilfulness intelligence. These four intelligence are known as comprehensive intelligence, but the module wich is contains a comprehensive intelligence valid and practical. This research is design development study that uses a PLOMP method, wich is consisting of three phases: preliminary research, development or prototyping phase, and assesment phase. The research was conducted in SMAN 4 padang with the subject of the research of the students of grade X MIA 1 and grade X MIA 5 SMAN 4 Padang and the object in this research is a module prodct containing comprehensive intelligence about the function material for class X SMA/MA. The data is primary data namely the data obtain directly through questionnaire validity and practicality on the subject of research. From the result of this research, found that the module has a comprehensive intelligence on valid and practical materials, the resulting module is very practical by teachers and learners in terms of language criticism, learning efficiencies and benefits.
The Effect of Problem Solving Model Towards Higher Order Thinking Skills and Students Learning Activities
Authors: Azzahra Waliyyatu , Alberida Heffi
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the influence of the application of Problem Solving Model towards higher order thinking skills and learning activities of Class X students in SMAN 3 Bukittinggi. This type of research is an experimental study with a Random Design Only Posttest Design Group. The research subjects were 32 students of Class X MIPA 2 SMAN 3 Bukittinggi who were registered in the 2019/2020 school year. The research instrument for obtaining high order thinking skills data is an objective form of question sheet, while the learning activities data obtained through the observation sheet filled by observers. The results showed the average value obtained in the class applied the Problem Solving Model was 76.06. This value is higher when compared to the average value in the control class, which is 66.19. Learning activities of students with the application of the Problem Solving Model, namely for oral activity 73.44%, visual activity 93.76%, and writing activity 96.88%. This percentage is also higher than the control class which has a percentage of 42.19%, 84.38%, and 75%. Based on the results of the study, it can be conclude that the Problem Solving Model has a significant positive effect on the increase in high order thinking skills and learning activities of Class X students of SMAN 3 Bukittinggi.

Keywords: Problem Soving, HOTS, Learning Activities
Vliyaniye kursa neyromodulyatsii na profil' neyrotroficheskikh faktorov u patsiyentov s khronicheskimi narusheniyami soznaniya
Authors: Язева Е. Г. , Легостаева Л. А. , Бакулин И. С. , Пойдашева А. Г. , Абаимов Д. А. , Супонева Н. А. , Шабалина А. А. , Рябинкина Ю. В. , Пирадов М. А.
Published: September 2020

Odnim iz metodov reabilitatsii patsiyentov s khronicheskim narusheniyem soznaniya (KHNS) yavlyayetsya transkranial'naya magnitnaya stimulyatsiya (TMS). Tsel'yu raboty bylo izuchit' neyrotroficheskiye faktory u patsiyentov s KHNS i ikh izmeneniye na fone primeneniya kursa TMS. Patsiyentam s KHNS razlichnoy etiologii v khronicheskikh srokakh (26 chelovek) i zdorovym dobrovol'tsam (21 chelovek) provodili kurs ritmicheskoy TMS levoy angulyarnoy izviliny. U vsekh uchastnikov sobirali obraztsy syvorotki krovi i likvora do i posle kursa. V biomateriale issledovali urovni BDNF, NSE, NGF, RDGF, GDNF, NT3. Pokazano, chto urovni BDNF, NSE, PDGF, GDNF, NT3 v krovi u patsiyentov s KHNS vyshe, chem u zdorovykh dobrovol'tsev (p < 0,05). Ne vyyavleno razlichiy v kontsentratsii neyrotroficheskikh faktorov v krovi i likvore v zavisimosti ot formy KHNS. U patsiyentov s posledstviyami cherepno- mozgovoy travmy uroven' BDNF v likvore okazalsya vyshe, chem u patsiyentov s netravmaticheskoy etiologiyey KHNS (p < 0,05). Posle provedeniya kursa TMS pokazano uvelicheniye urovnya BDNF v likvore u posttravmaticheskikh patsiyentov (p < 0,05). Drugikh znachimykh izmeneniy po gruppam i drugim biomarkeram v krovi i likvore vyyavleno ne bylo. Takim obrazom, urovni neyrotroficheskikh faktorov BDNF, NSE, PDGF, GDNF, NT3 v syvorotke krovi patsiyentov s KHNS vyshe, chem u zdorovykh dobrovol'tsev. Uroven' BDNF v likvore patsiyentov byl vyshe pri posttravmaticheskom KHNS i uvelichivalsya posle provedeniya kursa vysokochastotnoy TMS u etoy gruppy. Eto mozhet svidetel'stvovat' o dlitel'nykh protsessakh neyroplastichnosti, proiskhodyashchikh u patsiyentov posle cherepno-mozgovoy travmy, i boleye blagopriyatnom reabilitatsionnom prognoze.
The Role of Distance Learning in the Transformation Processes of National Higher Education Systems
Authors:   The Industrial University of Tyumen, Abramovsky Anton Lvovich
Published: September 2020

The emergence and active spread of distance learning has fundamentally changed national higher education systems around the world, making them more open and convenient, which is especially important now during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, national higher education systems face certain challenges associated with the spread of distance and mobile learning technologies. This paper shows the role of distance learning and mobile learning technologies in the transformational changes of higher education systems, analyzes the possibilities and prospects for the development of these technologies, taking into account the growing trends of digitalization of modern society. The empirical material for writing this work was the data of the Google search engine, which made it possible to analyze the frequency of search queries for the phrase “distance learning” and its equivalent in Russian, which made it possible to draw conclusions about the dynamics of user interest in the problem under consideration.
Standards and Scientific and Pedagogical Freedom in Universities: the Issue of Correlation Within the Framework of a Unified Educational Process
Authors:   Krasnodar University  of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Uporov Ivan Vladimirovich
Published: September 2020

The present study considers the issues of improving an educational process in Russian universities in the context of Russia's participation in the Bologna system. The author also addresses the problem of introduction of educational and professional standards and the development of democratic principles in the field of scientific and pedagogical activity. It is noted that Russia has noticeably reduced its activity in brining higher education into line with international standards. In many universities, students are taught mainly according to patterns formed by practice and determined by federal state educational standards (FSES). The curricula and methodological materials also conform to the specified standards. This situation is largely due to excessive top-down approach in management of higher education in Russia and, as a consequence, there is no real competitive component among universities. There is also an insufficient stimulation of generation of both new knowledge and methods of transferring it to students. The present study provides proposals on improving the structure of the Federal State Educational Standard as well as the procedure of compiling educational and methodological literature, aimed at expanding the autonomy of higher educational institutions. There are substantiated proposals on realization of creative potential of the teaching staff and increasing educational activity of students.
Formation of Ornithological Knowledge of Primary School Children Based on the Traditions of the Buryat People
Authors:   Dorji Banzarov Buryat State University, Ayurzanaeva Maryana Vasilyevna , Babikov Vladimir Alexandrovich ,   Dorji Banzarov Buryat State University
Published: September 2020

The human-nature relationship is a topical issue of modern nature management. The knowledge accumulated by ancestors is the basis for the ecological thinking of subsequent generations. There is not a single nation in the world that does not have its own system of ecological traditions, through which relations with the surrounding world are regulated. However, the interest in nature-study is noticeably decreasing among today’s youth. The authors suggest one of the possible solutions to this problem. The paper describes the experience of forming ornithological knowledge of primary school children during ornithological excursions. The pedagogical conditions that increase the efficiency of this process are determined. The integration of Buryat folklore about nature into the process of natural science training of primary school children is considered as the main pedagogical condition for experimental work.
Forms and Methods Applied at the University Regarding Career Development of Future Specialists
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Panina Svetlana Viktorovna , Sorochinsky Maksim Anatolyevich ,   North-Eastern Federal University
Published: September 2020

The present study considers the issues of building a professional career by future specialists in the educational environment of the university. There are examined the concepts of “career” and “professional career” both in foreign and domestic research. In January and February of 2020 the authors conducted a survey of 616 undergraduate and graduate students of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University in order to study their approaches to life, career skills, competencies, as well as ways and mechanisms of building career growth. The results of the survey showed that the students mainly see career development as an opportunity to achieve their material goals, to combine professional and personal interests, to build their own business, etc. The study presents the forms and methods applied at the university regarding career development of future specialists (workshops, disputes, meetings with successful graduates, employers, employees of employment services, employment centers, etc.) taking into account ethnocultural aspects, regional specific features and distance learning.
Modernization of the Sector of Waste Management in Russia: Proposals of Experts and Residents
Authors:   Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology  of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yermolayeva Yulia Vyacheslavovna
Published: September 2020

There are presented the results of the study on the topic of modernization of waste sector in Russia based on expert interviews (n = 30) and interviews with citizens (n = 170) carried out from 2014 to 2019. Both experts and community consider it important to recreate the elements of a model of waste-free production and recycling of materials where programs should include a unified system and a chain of responsible manufacturing, consumption and recycling with a strict system of incentives and sanctions. It is suggested that there should be strengthen the legal control over state and manufacturers and create the instruments of stimulation as well as a comfortable infrastructure for implementation of environmentally responsible practices. However, only 7 % of the population in Russia, and 30 % of the respondents in the sample collect wastes separately, which prevents from implementing the suggested recycling infrastructure. This is why the author considers that parallel measures should be taken presumably by non-commercial organizations and municipal authorities aimed at enlarging the scale of social and environmental practices among the population of Russian cities and towns.
Methodology for Studying the Value of Law in the Structure of Behavioral Practices: Frame Analysis and Macrosociological Conceptualization
Authors:   Adyghe State University, Podolsky Vladimir Vyacheslavovich
Published: September 2020

The presented paper dwells upon the analysis of the methodological basis of modern approaches to the assessment of legal culture in Russian society, in particular the principles of understanding sociology and frame analysis. According to the author, the theory of social representations, P. Bourdieu’s concept of habitus, as well as the specificity of the theory of frames, allow one to analyze each situation as a specific interactive reality that disappears as soon as a specific interaction is exhausted. Exploring the situation of interaction as a legal frame, the author defined the identification of the characteristics of the agents' real understanding of the interaction situation as the main task. The work notes that the presence of collective ideas about the value of law as a fundamental regulator of social ties, fixed at the subconscious level, can be considered as one of the main factors influencing the effectiveness of legal mechanisms among actors. On the basis of the analysis, the author notes that the main component of legal culture is the level of the subject’s awareness of legal values as a self-sufficient rational system of social regulation. Its functioning is carried out on the basis of formalized criteria and norms, a characteristic feature of which is their significance for all individuals, regardless of their social status.
What Relationship Between Biological and Intentional Altruism?
Authors: Di Ceglie Roberto
Published: September 2020

In this essay, I first show that, from the view that God is the ultimate cause of the human ability to perform ethically laudable acts, does not follow that no continuity between biological and intentional altruism is possible. In line with recent theological research concerning the non-human world, I argue that there is a partial continuity between these two forms of altruism. I also show that, from a naturalistic viewpoint, no continuity at all seems demonstrable between the two forms of altruism at stake. I therefore contribute to strengthen a more general conviction, according to which evolution in itself is more persuasive than its combination with naturalism.
Theism & Evolutionary Debunking Arguments Against Moral Realism
Authors: Rezkalla Paul
Published: September 2020

Evolutionary debunking arguments against morality come in a variety of forms that differ both in how they take evolution to be problematic for morality and in their specific target of morality i.e. objectivity, realism, justification for moral beliefs, etc.  For the purpose of this paper, I will first articulate several recent debunking approaches and highlight what they take to be problematic features of evolutionary history for morality. In doing so I will be forced to abstract from some of the specific arguments offered, although I will provide replies to particular aspects of the arguments offered by Michael Ruse, Sharon Street and Richard Joyce. Then, I will show that theists have independent reasons for rejecting certain, core assumptions of these debunking approaches, thus deflating the major thrust of debunking worries for morality. While there may be good responses available to the non-theist realist with respect to several of the worries raised below, this paper will simply show why the theist need not be troubled by contemporary debunking approaches against morality.
Introduction. The Evolutionary Approach to Ethics: From Animal Prosociality to Human Morality.
Authors: Bertini Daniele
Published: September 2020

Evolutionary research on the biological fitness of groups has recently given a prominent value to the role that prosocial behaviors play in favoring a successful adaptation to ecological niches. Such a focus marks a paradigm shift. Early views of evolution relied on the notion of natural selection as a largely competitive mechanism for the achievement of the highest amount of resources. Today, evolutionists from different schools think that collaborative attitudes are an irremovable ingredient of biological change over time. As a consequence, a number of researchers have been attracted by evolutionary studies of human behaviors. Some think that a continuity among prosocial attitudes of human beings and other social mammals (particularly primates) can be detected, and that this fact has relevance for accounting for human morality. Others deny one or the other of these claims, or both. The papers in the present special issue address how these topics impact ethics and religion.
Agnosticism and Fictionalism: A Reply to Le Poidevin
Authors: Deng Natalja
Published: September 2020

I have always found Robin’s writings on religion delightfully insightful and stimulating, and this piece was no exception. What follows are some of the thoughts that occurred to me, in order of occurrence.
Aquinas on the Existence of the Future: A Response to Gili
Authors: Costa Damiano
Published: September 2020

I defend my paper “Aquinas, Geach, and Existence”[1]against objections from Luca Gili, who argued that, according to Aquinas, future contingents do not enjoy genuine existence but exist in God’s mind only.[1] Damiano Costa, “Aquinas, Geach, and existence”, European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 11, no. 3 (2019).
Las Escuelas Normales creadas para formar maestros/as rurales (Argentina, 1903-1952)
Authors: Rodríguez Laura Graciela
Published: September 2020

En este artículo analizaremos los distintos intentos de creación de Escuelas Normales destinadas a formar maestros/as rurales, impulsados por el Estado nacional, desde 1903 hasta 1952, haciendo foco en el curso de magisterio del nivel medio. Con base en la lectura de documentos oficiales, pretendemos mostrar que el proceso de creación de estas Normales puede ser comprendido en tres etapas (1903-1914; 1910-1930; y 1932-1952) que veremos por separado en cada apartado. Estudiaremos las distintas denominaciones que recibieron estas escuelas en cada momento (Regionales, de Preceptores y de Adaptación Regional) y los cambios que las afectaron a lo largo del tiempo.
TLC con Estados Unidos y los argumentos de legitimación de la oligarquía colombiana
Authors: Polo Buitrago Sandra Milena
Published: September 2020

Este artículo examina los discursos de justificación del TLC entre Colombia y Estados Unidos, proferidos por representantes de la actual oligarquía colombiana cercanos al proceso. El objetivo del análisis es mostrar que tales justificaciones tecnocráticas encubren la decisión política de conceder privilegios a los Estados Unidos y afianzar los privilegios de, entre otros, un sector de la oligarquía agraria. Metodológicamente asume el análisis del discurso entendiendo este como un código semiótico en función de los intereses de un grupo, y por tanto productor de sintagmas que pretenden avalar una ideología con un propósito definido. En este caso cierta ideología liberal que tiende a legitimar la impotencia tecnológica como desidia ética de los gremios económicos; y, a su vez, se presenta, veladamente, la cadena productiva del agrocultivo como la solución a esta impotencia tecnológica. De la misma forma, el discurso del aprovechamiento técnico-pedagógico de las oportunidades de demanda externa, legitima la dedicación del agrocultivo a productos exóticos fuera de la órbita competitiva de los Estados Unidos, cediendo a éste la potestad sobre los cultivos fundamentales para la soberanía alimentaria.