bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RISK OF SAPHENOUS NERVE INJURY DURING SYNDESMOTIC STABILIZATION WITH THE TIGHTROPE TECHNIQUE
Authors: Morrell R. , Abas S. , Kakwani R. , Townshend D.
Published: May 2024

Background

The use of a knotless TightRope for the stabilisation of a syndesmotic injury is a well-recognised mode of fixation. It has been described that the device can be inserted using a “closed” technique. This presents a risk of saphenous nerve entrapment and post-operative pain.

Aim

We aimed to establish the actual risk of injury to the Saphenous Nerve using a “closed” technique for the insertion of a TightRope.

Method

20 TightRopes were inserted into Fresh Frozen Cadavers. This was done using the senior authors preferred technique of divergent tightropes with the distal implant directed slightly anterior to the fibula-tibia axis and the proximal implant slightly posterior in order to simulate the greatest risk to the nerve. This was done under image Intensifier guidance to simulate an intraoperative environment. The medial side of the distal tibia was then dissected to directly record and measure the relationship of the TightRope to the Saphenous Nerve. Measurements were taken using digital calipers from the centre of the button on the medial side of the TightRope to the centre of the nerve at the point of closest proximity.

Results

12 TightRopes were found to exit posterior to the nerve, 7 anterior and 1 penetrated through the centre of the nerve. The mean distance from the centre of the button to the nerve was 6.99mm (range 0.72–14.52mm, standard deviation 4.33mm). In 9 of the 20 TightRopes, the nerve was found to be less than 5mm away.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrated that the risks of damaging or indeed entrapping the Saphenous nerve were high, and therefore we would advocate an open incision on the medial side with judicious exploration to ensure there is no damage to the medial neurological structures.
The April Revolution and the Sense of Place in Medical Space: Focusing on Major Hospitals in Downtown Seoul
Authors: SHIN Changhoon
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on the medical activities conducted by major hospitals in downtown Seoul during the April Revolution in 1960, examining their experiential context and significance. The influx of guns and bullets into Korean society following the liberation in 1945 intertwined with the political and social conflicts of the period, resulting in numerous assassinations, crimes, and terrorism. Gunshot wounds were traumas that became a part of the everyday life of Koreans, as well as scars which reflected their historical contexts. At the same time, the frequent occurrence of gunshot wounds led to the development of medical capacities to treat them. The Korean surgical academia expanded its technical foundation with experiences during and after the Korean War. This progress was particularly noticeable in areas closely related to gunshot wounds, such as craniotomy, thoracotomy, vascular anastomosis, debridement, anesthesia, and blood transfusion. Major hospitals in downtown Seoul served as medical spaces where these experimental and technical foundations were concentrated, allowing them to minimize the death toll despite the massive gunfire by the National Police in April 1960. Thus, the aftermath of the epidemic of gunshots resulted in a rather paradoxical outcome. This development became a resource for doctors and nurses, who added their revolutionary implications in reconstructing the experience of April 1960 in their various memoirs and reports. While memoirs reorganized general medical activities, portraying injured patients as participants in the revolution, reports provided forensic descriptions and interpretations of the deaths, giving authority to the main narrative of the revolution. As the interpretations and significance based on historical contexts gained prominence, major hospitals in downtown Seoul also developed a sense of place closely associated with the revolution.
Frequency tunable dual band graphene-silicon ceramic-based two-port THz radiator with circular polarization and high isolation features
Authors: Verma Asha , Sood Mamta , Shukla Neha , Koolwal Payal , Yadav Vijeta
Published: May 2024

In this work, a two-port graphene-ceramic-based antenna is designed and discussed. Some
important features for the proposed two-port radiator are (a) the feed
layout produces dual radiating modes, i.e., HEM11δ and HEM12δ inside the ceramic at 2.6 and
5.2 THz, respectively; (b) the asymmetrical swastik-shaped
aperture creates the circularly polarized waves within dual operating
bands, i.e., 2.71–2.84 and 5.15–5.42 THz; (c) a
coating of graphene over ceramic makes the radiator frequency tunable
by varying its chemical potential; and (d) deep neural network (DNN)
and XGBoost-based machine learning (ML) algorithms are used to predict
the |S11| parameter of the designed antenna in
order to reduce the computational complexity. By comparing the
optimized outcome obtained from HFSS with the CST EM simulator and
predicted values from ML algorithms, it is verified that the designed
two-port radiator works in dual frequency bands, i.e., 2.4–3.2
and 5.0–5.43 THz. Stable values of MIMO, as well as the
far-field parameter, confirm the applicability of the designed antenna
for THz wireless applications.
Utilizing Quantum Cascade Lasers for Gas Sensing in the Mid-Infrared
Authors: Mueller Lisa , Hashley Jeremiah
Published: May 2024

Using Wavelength Electronics' precision temperature controller and low noise Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) driver, researchers at Princeton University developed a sensor that was designed around a QCL to simultaneously measure nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon monoxide (CO). The sensor is compact and field-deployable, requiring much less power and having a much smaller footprint and mass than previous sensors, while increasing the accuracy of concentration measurements. The most
accurate measurements were 0.15 parts-per-billion-by-volume (ppbv) for N2O and 0.36 ppbv for CO. These accuracies well exceed the requirement of 1 ppbv to be considered "high stability" in the field of
atmospheric sensing.
Study of correlations between serum taurine, thyroid hormones and echocardiographic parameters of systolic function in clinically healthy Golden retrievers fed with commercial diet
Authors: Bagardi Mara , Ghilardi Sara , Minozzi Giulietta , Fusi Eleonora , Locatelli Chiara , Ferrari Paolo Luigi , Drago Giulia , Polli Michele , Lorenzi Elisa , Zanchi Francesca , Brambilla Paola Giuseppina
Published: May 2024

Taurine deficiency predisposes to the development of nutritional dilated cardiomyopathy and is widespread in dogs fed with non-traditional diets. However, Golden retrievers show lower plasma taurine concentration and an impaired systolic function compared to breeds of the same size and morphotype. For these reasons, it can be difficult to classify a subject from a cardiological point of view, with the risk of considering as pathological characteristics that can be completely normal in this breed. This is a cross-sectional multicenter study. The aims were 1) to identify breed-specific range of serum taurine concentration, 2) to describe a correlation between serum taurine concentration and echocardiographic parameters of systolic function in clinically healthy Golden retrievers fed with traditional diet, 3) to identify a correlation between thyroid hormones, serum taurine concentration and echocardiographic indices. Sixty clinically healthy Golden retrievers (33% males, 67% females) were included. Fifty-three dogs were fed with traditional diets and their range of serum taurine concentration was 398.2 (31.8–430) nmol/ml. Serum taurine concentration was found to be negatively correlated to systolic internal diameter of the left ventricle and systolic and diastolic left ventricular indices and volumes obtained with different methods, whereas was positively correlated to the left ventricle ejection and shortening fractions but difference was not statistically significative. A weak but significant correlation between serum taurine and T4 was demonstrated. Serum taurine median values in dogs with normal systolic function were higher than in dogs with impaired systolic function. A cut-off of serum taurine concentration of 140.6 nmol/ml had a moderate sensitivity and specificity in the identification of an impaired left ventricular systolic function (AUC 0.6, Se 78%, Sp 44%). This study showed that the median serum taurine concentration was significantly lower in dogs with impaired systolic function. Therefore, echocardiographic monitoring is recommended in all dogs with serum taurine concentration lower than 140.6 nmol/ml.
Predictive modeling of multi-class diabetes mellitus using machine learning and filtering iraqi diabetes data dynamics
Authors: Sahid Md Abdus , Babar Mozaddid Ul Hoque , Uddin Md Palash
Published: May 2024

Diabetes is a persistent metabolic disorder linked to elevated levels of blood glucose, commonly referred to as blood sugar. This condition can have detrimental effects on the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves as time passes. It is a chronic ailment that arises when the body fails to produce enough insulin or is unable to effectively use the insulin it produces. When diabetes is not properly managed, it often leads to hyperglycemia, a condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels or impaired glucose tolerance. This can result in significant harm to various body systems, including the nerves and blood vessels. In this paper, we propose a multiclass diabetes mellitus detection and classification approach using an extremely imbalanced Laboratory of Medical City Hospital data dynamics. We also formulate a new dataset that is moderately imbalanced based on the Laboratory of Medical City Hospital data dynamics. To correctly identify the multiclass diabetes mellitus, we employ three machine learning classifiers namely support vector machine, logistic regression, and k-nearest neighbor. We also focus on dimensionality reduction (feature selection—filter, wrapper, and embedded method) to prune the unnecessary features and to scale up the classification performance. To optimize the classification performance of classifiers, we tune the model by hyperparameter optimization with 10-fold grid search cross-validation. In the case of the original extremely imbalanced dataset with 70:30 partition and support vector machine classifier, we achieved maximum accuracy of 0.964, precision of 0.968, recall of 0.964, F1-score of 0.962, Cohen kappa of 0.835, and AUC of 0.99 by using top 4 feature according to filter method. By using the top 9 features according to wrapper-based sequential feature selection, the k-nearest neighbor provides an accuracy of 0.935 and 1.0 for the other performance metrics. For our created moderately imbalanced dataset with an 80:20 partition, the SVM classifier achieves a maximum accuracy of 0.938, and 1.0 for other performance metrics. For the multiclass diabetes mellitus detection and classification, our experiments outperformed conducted research based on the Laboratory of Medical City Hospital data dynamics.
RNA sequencing provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease stage B1 in beagle dogs
Authors: Kim Tae-Seok , Hong Chae-Yeon , Oh Seong-Ju , Choe Yong-Ho , Hwang Tae-Sung , Kim Jaemin , Lee Sung-Lim , Yoon Hakyoung , Bok Eun-Yeong , Cho A-ra , Do Yoon Jung , Kim Eunju
Published: May 2024

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common cardiovascular disorder in dogs with a high prevalence, accounting for approximately 75% of all canine heart disease cases. MMVD is a complex disease and shows variable progression from mild valve leakage to severe regurgitation, potentially leading to heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms and age-related changes that govern disease progression, especially at the early stage (B1) before the development of discernable clinical signs, remain poorly understood. In this prospective study, we aimed to compare gene expression differences between blood samples of aged beagle dogs with stage B1 MMVD and those of healthy controls using RNA sequencing. Clinical evaluation was also conducted, which revealed minimal differences in radiographic and echocardiographic measurements despite distinct biomarker variations between the two groups. Comparative transcriptomics revealed differentially expressed genes associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, prostaglandin metabolism, immune modulation, and interferon-related pathways, which bear functional relevance for MMVD. In particular, the top 10 over- and under-expressed genes represent promising candidates for influencing pathogenic changes in MMVD stage B1. Our research findings, which include identified variations in clinical markers and gene expression, enhance our understanding of MMVD. Furthermore, they underscore the need for further research into early diagnosis and treatment strategies, as, to the best of our knowledge, no prior studies have explored the precise molecular mechanisms of stage B1 in MMVD through total RNA sequencing.
Understanding the relationship between cerebellum and the frontal-cortex region of C9orf72-related amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A comparative analysis of genetic features
Authors: Prasad Kartikay , Hassan Md Imtaiyaz , Raghuvanshi Saurabh , Kumar Vijay
Published: May 2024

Background

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative diseases for which at present no cure is available. Despite the extensive research the progress from diagnosis to prognosis in ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) has been slow which represents suboptimal understanding of disease pathophysiological processes. In recent studies, several genes have been associated with the ALS and FTD diseases such as SOD1, TDP43, and TBK1, whereas the hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat expansion (HRE) in C9orf72 gene is a most frequent cause of ALS and FTD, that has changed the understanding of these diseases.

Methods

The goal of this study was to identify and spatially determine differential gene expression signature differences between cerebellum and frontal cortex in C9orf72-associated ALS (C9-ALS), to study the network properties of these differentially expressed genes, and to identify miRNAs targeting the common differentially expressed genes in both the tissues. This study thus highlights underlying differential cell susceptibilities to the disease mechanisms in C9-ALS and suggesting therapeutic target selection in C9-ALS.

Results

In this manuscript, we have identified that the genes involved in neuron development, protein localization and transcription are mostly enriched in cerebellum of C9-ALS patients, while the UPR-related genes are enriched in the frontal cortex. Of note, UPR pathway genes were mostly dysregulated both in the C9-ALS cerebellum and frontal cortex. Overall, the data presented here show that defects in normal RNA processing and the UPR pathway are the pathological hallmarks of C9-ALS. Interestingly, the cerebellum showed more strong transcriptome changes than the frontal cortex.

Conclusion

Interestingly, the cerebellum region showed more significant transcriptomic changes as compared to the frontal cortex region suggesting its active participation in the disease process. This nuanced understanding may offer valuable insights for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating disease progression in C9-ALS.
Unveiling the Power of Implicit Six-Point Block Scheme: Advancing numerical approximation of two-dimensional PDEs in physical systems
Authors: Olaoluwa Omole Ezekiel , Olusheye Adeyefa Emmanuel , Iyabo Apanpa Kemisola , Iyadunni Ayodele Victoria , Emmanuel Amoyedo Femi , Emadifar Homan
Published: May 2024

In the era of computational advancements, harnessing computer algorithms for approximating solutions to differential equations has become indispensable for its unparalleled productivity. The numerical approximation of partial differential equation (PDE) models holds crucial significance in modelling physical systems, driving the necessity for robust methodologies. In this article, we introduce the Implicit Six-Point Block Scheme (ISBS), employing a collocation approach for second-order numerical approximations of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) derived from one or two-dimensional physical systems. The methodology involves transforming the governing PDEs into a fully-fledged system of algebraic ordinary differential equations by employing ISBS to replace spatial derivatives while utilizing a central difference scheme for temporal or y-derivatives. In this report, the convergence properties of ISBS, aligning with the principles of multi-step methods, are rigorously analyzed. The numerical results obtained through ISBS demonstrate excellent agreement with theoretical solutions. Additionally, we compute absolute errors across various problem instances, showcasing the robustness and efficacy of ISBS in practical applications. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive comparative analysis with existing methodologies from recent literature, highlighting the superior performance of ISBS. Our findings are substantiated through illustrative tables and figures, underscoring the transformative potential of ISBS in advancing the numerical approximation of two-dimensional PDEs in physical systems.
Caesarean section delivery rates and associated factors in a faith-based referral hospital in Ghana: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Amoah Ebenezer Jones , Aklie Rita , Hinneh Thomas , Asare Angela , Amegah Kinglsey E.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The global incidence of caesarean section (CS) deliveries has exceeded the recommended threshold set by the World Health Organization. This development is a matter of public health concern due to the cost involved and the potential health risk to the mother and the neonate. We sought to investigate the prevalence, indications, maternal and neonatal outcomes and determinants of CS in private health facilities in Ghana.

Method

A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from women who delivered at the Holy Family Hospital from January to February 2020 using descriptive and inferential statistics, with a significance level set at p<0.05.

Results

The prevalence of CS was 28.70%. The primary indications of C/S include previous C/S, foetal distress, breech presentation, pathological CTG and failed induction. Significant associations were found between CS and breech presentation (AOR = 4.60; 95%CI: 1.22–17.38) p<0.024, previous CS history (AOR = 51.72, 95% CI: 11.59–230.70) p<0.00, and neonates referred to NICU (AOR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.10–6.42) p<0.00.

Conclusion

The prevalence of caesarean section (CS) deliveries was higher than the WHO-recommended threshold. Major indications for CS included previous CS, fetal distress, and failed induction. Significant risk factors for CS were previous CS history, breech presentation, and neonates referred to NICU.
Three-dimensional motion analysis of pre- and postoperative thumb movement in trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis—Comparison of arthrodesis and trapeziectomy with suspensionplasty
Authors: Tanaka Teruyasu , Kodama Akira , Kurumadani Hiroshi , Tanimoto Kaguna , Ishibashi Shigeki , Munemori Masaru , Sunagawa Toru , Adachi Nobuo
Published: May 2024

Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (TMC-OA) reduces the range of motion (ROM) of the thumb. However, the kinematic change achieved through surgical treatment remains unclear. Therefore, to quantify the kinematic change following TMC-OA surgery, we performed a three-dimensional motion analysis of the thumb using an optical motion capture system preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively in 23 patients with TMC-OA scheduled for arthrodesis (AD) or trapeziectomy with suspensionplasty (TS). Eighteen hands of nine healthy volunteers were also included as controls. Both procedures improved postoperative pain and Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores, and AD increased pinch strength. The ROM of the base of the thumb was preserved in AD, which was thought to be due to the appearance of compensatory movements of adjacent joints even if the ROM of the TMC joint was lost. TS did not improve ROM. Quantifying thumb kinematic changes following TMC-OA surgery can improve our understanding of TMC-OA treatment and help select surgical procedures and postoperative assessment.
International comparison of China’s digitalization level and its enlightenment
Authors: Huang Zongyuan , Qin Miaomiao
Published: May 2024

The global digital wave has flourished in recent years, and the digital technology revolution has emerged. Digitalization plays an undeniable role in promoting modern economic and social development in multiple aspects such as economy, society, innovation, public services and sustainable development, China’s digitalization application is also developing rapidly. In order to better measure the current situation of China’s digitalization development level, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of digitalization development from four dimensions of talents in the digital field, digital infrastructure construction, digitalization innovation ability and international competitiveness, and tests the index system. The entropy method is used to measure the level of digitalization development between China and the United States, the United Kingdom, France and other major developed countries in the world, and the coefficient of variation method, kernel density estimation and Dagum Gini coefficient method are used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics and regional differences of digitalization development level of seven countries. This paper makes a comparative analysis between China and major developed countries from the historical perspective of the evolution of the techno-economic paradigm. With a view to summarizing and exploring from it and drawing on the advanced experiences accumulated by the developed countries over a long period of time, so as to provide China with useful insights and bases for further enhancing its digitalization development level.
The power of past performance in multidimensional supplier evaluation and supplier selection: Debiasing anchoring bias and its knock-on effects
Authors: Wong Ricky S.
Published: May 2024

This research examines how anchoring bias affects managers’ multi-dimensional evaluations of supplier performance, supplier selection, and the effectiveness of two debiasing techniques. We consider the supplier past performance in one performance dimension as the anchor and investigate whether and how this anchor would have a knock-on effects on evaluating a supplier’s performance in other dimensions. We conducted two online experimental studies (Study 1, sample size = 104 and Study 2, sample size = 408). Study 1 adopts a 2 x 1 (high anchor vs. low anchor) between-subjects factorial experimental design, and Study 2 is a 3 (debiasing: no, consider-the-opposite, mental-mapping) x 2 (high anchor vs. low anchor) between-subjects factorial design. The results from Studies 1 and 2 suggest that when a supplier has received a low evaluation score in one dimension in the past, participants assign the same supplier lower scores in the other dimensions compared to a supplier that has obtained a high score in the past. We also find that anchoring has a knock-on effect on how likely participants are to choose the same supplier in the future. Our findings highlight the asymmetric effectiveness of ‘consider-the-opposite’ and ‘mental-mapping’ debiasing techniques. This research is the first study that examines how anchoring bias managers’ evaluations in a multi-dimensional setting and its knock-on effects. It also explores the effectiveness of two low-cost debiasing techniques. A crucial practical implication is that suppliers’ exceptionally good or disappointing past performance affects the judgement of supply managers. Hence, managers should use consider-the-opposite or mental-mapping techniques to debias the effect of high and low anchors, respectively.
Identifying cellular RNA-binding proteins during infection uncovers a role for MKRN2 in influenza mRNA trafficking
Authors: Bonazza Stefano , Coutts Hannah Leigh , Sukumar Swathi , Turkington Hannah Louise , Courtney David Gary
Published: May 2024

Utilisation of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is an important aspect of post-transcriptional regulation of viral RNA. Viruses such as influenza A viruses (IAV) interact with RBPs to regulate processes including splicing, nuclear export and trafficking, while also encoding RBPs within their genomes, such as NP and NS1. But with almost 1000 RBPs encoded within the human genome it is still unclear what role, if any, many of these proteins play during viral replication. Using the RNA interactome capture (RIC) technique, we isolated RBPs from IAV infected cells to unravel the RBPome of mRNAs from IAV infected human cells. This led to the identification of one particular RBP, MKRN2, that associates with and positively regulates IAV mRNA. Through further validation, we determined that MKRN2 is involved in the nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking of IAV mRNA potentially through an association with the RNA export mediator GLE1. In the absence of MKRN2, IAV mRNAs accumulate in the nucleus of infected cells, which may lead to their degradation by the nuclear RNA exosome complex. MKRN2, therefore, appears to be required for the efficient nuclear export of IAV mRNAs in human cells.
Comunidad compasiva para la inclusión social y calidad de vida de las personas con esclerosis múltiple y sus cuidadores familiares
Authors: López Diaz Lucero , Velásquez Gutiérrez Vilma Florisa , Galvis Palacios Luisa Fernanda , Morales Martha Elena , Tovar Roa Rubby Leonor , Puerto Guerrero Ana Helena
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar cualitativamente la experiencia de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (PEM) y cuidadores familiares (CFPEM) vinculados al programa de esclerosis múltiple del Hospital Universitario Nacional de Colombia (PrEM-HUNC), durante la formación y consolidación de una comunidad compasiva (CC), para la inclusión social y promoción de calidad de vida. Materiales y Método: estudio cualitativo interpretativo, con entrevistas a profundidad a nueve colaboradores. Con el método de análisis de espiral de Creswell y Poth, emergieron cuatro categorías y un tema. Resultados: el tema “Un nido comunitario de crecimiento y transformación” señala el proceso de conformación de la CC como una experiencia que posibilitó cambios de significados en torno a la enfermedad, la situación personal y familiar; revela un proceso de descubrimiento y aprendizaje de conformación de diferentes relaciones y roles. Conclusiones: La CC es una opción para construcción de redes de apoyo, fortalecimiento de las capacidades personales y familiares, una forma para hacer frente a los diferentes impactos y retos que implica vivir con esclerosis múltiple, se constituye en una alternativa para la promoción de la calidad de vida y la inclusión social.
A perceção do cuidador informal sobre a hospitalização de familiares com cancro
Authors: Ferreira Noélia dos Santos , Saraiva Pina Paulo Sérgio dos Reis , Andrade Fernandes Júlio Alexandre Belo , Pereira Teixeira Mário Rui
Published: May 2024

Resumo: Introdução: Os doentes oncológicos com necessidade de cuidados paliativos continuam a ser internados em serviços cirúrgicos, onde os enfermeiros estão preparados para cuidar do doente cirúrgico e não para atender as suas necessidades paliativas e as da sua família. Emerge a necessidade de mudança, em que a família deve ser envolvida nos cuidados. Objetivos: Compreender a perceção dos cuidadores familiares sobre as intervenções do enfermeiro no cuidar do doente oncológico com necessidades de cuidados paliativos; descrever as perceções dos familiares relativamente ao apoio e à disponibilidade dos enfermeiros. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo, com recurso a uma entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a 10 familiares de doentes oncológicos com necessidade de cuidados paliativos, internados num serviço cirúrgico, cujos resultados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Os familiares entrevistados consideram que a dinâmica hospitalar é centrada no curar e que não foram cuidados pelos enfermeiros, não existindo, assim, interesse pelo seu processo experiencial e vivencial. Conclusão: Identificámos fatores facilitadores e dificultadores percecionados pelos familiares aquando do internamento do seu familiar. Pensamos que os resultados deste estudo indicam ser necessária uma mudança na prática de enfermagem, quer em termos de relação de ajuda, quer no próprio cuidar em enfermagem, tendo sempre presente que a família também deve ser cuidada.
Creencias sobre prácticas de alimentación y obesidad de madres con hijos menores de 5 años del noroeste de México
Authors: Zepeda Ríos Paola Alexandra , Cárdenas Villarreal Velia Margarita , Hernández Martínez Nora , Quintana Zavala María Olga
Published: May 2024

Introducción: Existe una tendencia mundial de incremento en los índices de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños menores de 5 años. Las creencias, percepciones y actitudes de las madres hacia las prácticas de alimentación y la obesidad tienen implicaciones directas sobre la salud del hijo. Objetivo: Explorar creencias sobre prácticas de alimentación y obesidad infantil entre madres con hijos menores de cinco años del noroeste de México. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de aproximación etnográfica. Mediante un muestreo propositivo se realizaron nueve entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres que contaban con un promedio de 12 años de educación. Resultados: Las creencias incluyeron inseguridad para asumir el rol de madre, una baja percepción de apoyo familiar y creencias que no se alineaban con las recomendaciones de la lactancia materna exclusiva e introducción de alimentos complementarios. Además, estas tenían la creencia de que la obesidad no es un problema debido a la corta edad de sus hijos. Conclusiones: Existe una ambivalencia entre las creencias de las participantes y sus prácticas con relación a la alimentación y la obesidad infantil. Es imperativo desarrollar estrategias de educación y comunicación que proporcionen información basada en evidencia, de fácil acceso y disponible para madres con la intención de prevenir problemas de nutrición durante la primera infancia.
Meta-analysis of the effects of gamma irradiation on chicken meat and meat product quality
Authors: Asmarani Raissha Rizqi , Ujilestari Tri , Sholikin Muhammad Miftakhus , Wulandari Wulandari , Damayanti Ema , Anwar Muslih , Aditya Siska , Karimy Mohammad Faiz , Wahono Satriyo Krido , Triyannanto Endy , Adli Danung Nur , Sujarwanta Rio Olympias , Wahyono Teguh
Published: May 2024

Background and Aim: Irradiation is one of the most effective microbial decontamination treatments for eliminating foodborne pathogens and enhancing chicken meat safety. The effect of gamma irradiation on the overall quality of chicken meat and its products must be observed to provide a comprehensive explanation to the public. This meta-analysis examined the effects of gamma irradiation on the oxidation parameters, microbial activity, physicochemical characteristics, sensory parameters, and nutrient quality of chicken meat and meat products.

Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search using various search engines (Scopus®, PubMed®, and Google Scholar®) with “irradiation,” “gamma,” “chicken,” and “meat” as keywords. Gamma irradiation treatment was set as a fixed effect, and the difference between experiments was set as a random effect. This study used a mixed-model methodology. After evaluation, we selected 43 articles (86 studies) for inclusion in the database.

Results: Gamma irradiation significantly increased (p < 0.01) thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels on days 0, 7, and 14 of storage. Gamma irradiation reduced total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, Salmonella, yeast, and mold activity (p < 0.01). According to our meta-analysis, 21.75 kGy was the best dose for reducing total aerobic bacteria. On day 0, gamma irradiation did not affect the color parameters (L*, a*, b*). However, a significant difference (p < 0.01) was noted for a* and b* parameters between the control and irradiation treatments at 7 and 14 days. Although irradiation treatment was less consistent in sensory parameters, overall acceptability decreased on days 0, 7, and 14 after storage (p < 0.05). Regarding nutrient composition, gamma irradiation reduced moisture content and free fatty acid (FFA) content (p < 0.05). Although irradiation significantly reduces the microbial population, it increases the oxidation of chicken meat and its products. Irradiation decreases FFA content and overall acceptability, but it does not affect flavor, tenderness, juiciness, or cooking loss.

Conclusion: Gamma irradiation positively reduces the microbial activity in chicken meat and its products but increases the oxidation parameters. Although gamma irradiation does not alter the flavor, tenderness, juiciness, or cooking loss, gamma irradiation can reduce the FFA content and overall acceptability.

Keywords: chicken, gamma irradiation, meat, meta-analysis, product.
Douglaskuusen taimien pakkasenkestävyys on mäntyä ja kuusta huonompi: lyhytpäiväkäsittely douglaskuusen pakkasenkestävyyden parantajana
Authors:   Luonnonvarakeskus, Luonnonvarat, Suonenjoki, Luoranen Jaana , Kivimäenpää Minna , Ruhanen Hanna , Himanen Katri , Riikonen Johanna
Published: May 2024

Ilmaston lämmetessä Suomessa aiemmin harvinaisten, eteläisempää alkuperää olevien puulajien viljely on herättänyt kiinnostusta. Lauhkealla ilmastovyöhykkeellä kasvavaa douglaskuusta (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) on pidetty yhtenä vaihtoehtona metsäkuuselle sen kaarnakuoriaiskestävyyden vuoksi. Douglaskuusi on arka syyshalloille sekä pakkasvaurioille taimitarhakasvatuksen ja taimien pakkasvarastoinnin aikana. Yhtenä vaihtoehtona pakkasenkestävyyden parantamiseksi on taimituotannossa käytettävä lyhytpäivä- (LP) käsittely. Luonnonvarakeskuksen tutkimustaimitarhalla verrattiin ensimmäisen vuoden douglaskuusen taimien pakkasenkestävyyttä kuuseen (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) ja mäntyyn (Pinus sylvestris L.). Lisäksi testattiin kolmen viikon LP-käsittelyn vaikutuksia toisen vuoden taimien pakkasenkestävyyteen neljällä Suomesta kerätyllä siemenalkuperällä. Pakkasenkestävyydet määritettiin kontrolloiduilla pakkastesteillä kahtena syksynä sekä silmun puhkeamisvaiheessa. Douglaskuusi oli selvästi herkempi sekä syksyn pakkasille että keväthalloille kuin kotoperäiset havupuut. Douglaskuusen alkuperien välillä oli selviä eroja sekä niiden karaistumisrytmissä että reagoinnissa LP-käsittelyyn. LP-käsittely paransi silmujen, rangan ja neulasten pakkasenkestävyyttä syyskuun alussa kaikilla alkuperillä. Syyskuun ja lokakuun lopulla rangan ja neulasten pakkasenkestävyys parani käsittelyn seurauksena, mutta silmujen ei. Ilman käsittelyä rangan pakkasenkestävyys vaihteli –17 ja –25 °C:n välillä, ja vain Kouvolassa sijaitsevasta metsiköstä kerätty alkuperä saavutti pakkasvarastointiin vaadittavan kestävyyden. Tulosten perusteella douglaskuusen taimien karaistuminen on kotimaisia pääpuulajeja heikompaa. LP-käsittelyn avulla voidaan parantaa taimien alkusyksyn, ja jonkin verran myös loppusyksyn pakkasenkestävyyttä. Jos vieraslaji douglaskuusta halutaan viljelyllä Suomessa nykyistä laajemmin, on alkuperien valintaan ja niiden pakkasenkestävyyteen kiinnitettävä erityistä huomiota ja LP-käsittelyä kannattaa käyttää taimikasvatusvaiheessa parantamaan taimien kestävyyttä.
O3FA ALLEVIATES INFLAMMATION IN CHALLENGED ANIMAL MODELS AND EXERTS INHIBITORY EFFECT ON LEUKOCYTE DIFFERENTIAL PARAMETERS IN CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED PERITONITIS
Authors: Omale Aminu , Omale Jamila Audu , Egu Samuel Attah
Published: May 2024

Introduction
: Anti-inflammatory action of dietary omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (O3FA) supplementation in animal models was studied using standard methods. The therapeutic safety of anti-inflammatory supplements utilizing natural forms, such as omega -3 fatty acids (n-3 fatty acids), is important in addition to its effectiveness.

Methods: The nutritional intervention of omega-3 fish oil extract in experimental animals for acute inflammatory models was investigated using standard methods (Carrageenan, Arachidonic acid, and Prostaglandin E2 analyses). Total leukocyte count and differential parameters in carrageenan-induced peritonitis were also determined by standard methods.

Results: Results obtained demonstrated a notable reduction in inflammation caused by the O3FA. For groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the percentage inhibition of the carrageenan-induced paw oedema after 24 hours was 78.57 %, 57.14 %, 50.00 %, 100.00 % and 92.85 %, respectively. Arachidonic acid-induced ear oedema percentage inhibition was 30, 24, 27, 37, and 40 %, while the PGE-2 test showed inhibition of by 44.16, 52.48, 61.34, 74, and 80.05 %. The novelty of the work is demonstrated in the use of dietary supplements as anti- inflammatory compounds as opposed to the usual non- steroidal anti-inflammatories. The results also show O3FA exerting an inhibitory effect on leukocyte parameters. As the dose of the extract increased, there was a trend of decreasing total leukocyte count. The groups administered with a 20mg dose of celecoxib (5.6 ± 0.23 x 10

3) and a combination of 300mg O3FA with 20mg celecoxib (5.9 ± 0.18 x 10

3) exhibited the lowest overall leukocyte count, notably lacking statistically significant variance.

Conclusion: This outcome underscores the extract's heightened inhibitory impact on leukocyte migration amid peritonitis. Inhibition of carrageenan-induced peritonitis was 26.47, 18.63, 30.39, 42.16 and 45.09 %. The control group showed an ANC of 6.74 x 10

3/µL, an ALC of 3.09 x 10

3/µL, and an AMXD of 0.37 x 10

3/µL. Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) for all the treatment groups fall between 3080 - 6740µl which is within the acceptable limit of 2500 - 7000µl for ANC. Also, for ALC, which is 2300 - 3090µl from the table has an acceptable limit of 1000 - 5000µl while that for MXD from the table is from 220 - 370µl which is well within the limit of 200 – 1090µl acceptability.
O pensamento econômico em saúde de Paul Singer e a análise crítica de Luiz Fernando da Silva
Authors: Piccini Ana Paula Andrade , Morgado Júnior Belmiro , Fernandez Daniel Gilbert , Diniz Janaina Mendes , Moreira Larissa Iulle , Silva Marjorie Fregonesi Rodrigues da
Published: May 2024

Este artigo visa compreender os desdobramentos do pensamento econômico aplicado a saúde de Paul Singer sob a análise crítica de Luiz Fernando da Silva. Para isto, realizou-se um ensaio crítico a partir de uma leitura sistemática da seção “Economia da Saúde” do livro “Prevenir e Curar” de Singer e colaboradores e, ainda, usou-se a categoria deslocamento temático –fenômeno descrito por Luiz Fernando da Silva– para compreender as formas de distanciamento-ressignificação do marxismo que Singer e outros autores realizaram. Ele está dividido em duas partes. Uma primeira que trata da biografia intelectual e político-institucional de Singer e Silva e uma segunda que trata do pensamento econômico de Singer e o deslocamento temático e teórico apontado por Silva. Por fim, entende-se que a forma como Singer vê os serviços de saúde (SS) pode ser atribuída, em parte, ao deslocamento teórico que vivenciou, contudo, este serviu para desmistificar aspectos ‘puramente positivos’ dos SS.
The effect of person-organization fit, person-job fit, and organizational commitment on organizational citizenship behavior: Evidence from employees in the Indonesia public sector
Authors: Astuti Yeni Fitri , Amir Diah Astrini
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of person-organization fit, person-job fit, and organizational commitment toward organizational citizenship behavior. The samples in this research were 105 employees in the Indonesian public sector with a minimum period of working in the organization for one year. This study used a quantitative approach. Data was collected via online form. The data analysis used to test the hypothesis is multiple regression analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software. The results of this study indicated that person-organization fit, person-job fit, and organizational commitment had a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior.
The effect of ownership structure on social and environmental disclosure in Indonesia
Authors: Jubaedah Siti , Setiawan Doddy
Published: May 2024

This study examines the effect of ownership structure with management ownership, foreign ownership, dispersed ownership and block ownership sub-variables on social and environmental disclosure. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) disclosure framework was adopted to extract social and environmental disclosures. The research method used is a quantitative method. The population in this study are manufacturing sector companies listed on the Stock Exchange Indonesia in 2018-2020. A total sample of 243 was obtained using a judgment sampling technique with a sample of 81 companies. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis show that on average, social and environmental disclosure in manufacturing companies in Indonesia is still quite low. This research shows that there is an influence of management ownership, foreign ownership, and block ownership on social and environmental disclosure but not significant for dispersed ownership. The results of the analysis show that foreign ownership has a fairly strong positive influence on social and environmental disclosure. It was found that foreign ownership dominates the ownership structure by 97.59%, so that company managers must give more consideration to ownership structure, especially foreign ownership and international environmental standards to design good and effective social and environmental disclosure strategies. This study may be of interest to regulators as material for consideration in making investment policies, especially foreign investment regulations.
Struktur Kepribadian Tokoh Euis dalam Film Keluarga Cemara Karya Yandy Laurens: Kajian Psikologi Sastra
Authors: Maulidya Salsabila
Published: May 2024

Film menurut konteks komunikasi massa adalah gabungan dari berbagai teknologi seperti visual, audio, dan narasi. Salah satu film yang mendapatkan perhatian lebih dari masyarakat adalah film Keluarga Cemara karya Yandy Laurens. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan struktur kepribadian pada tokoh Euis dalam film Keluarga Cemara. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori utama teori psikoanalisis Carl Gustav Jung serta teori penunjang berupa naratif film. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis objek penelitian berupa film Keluarga Cemara ini menggunakan metode utama yaitu teori psikoanalisis Carl Gustav Jung. Teknik yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data ialah studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik menonton dan mencatat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, fungsi perasaan meliputi perasaan emosi. Kedua, fungsi pengindra meliputi fungsi sensitif. Ketiga, fungsi pikiran meliputi Euis melihat rumahnya akan dijual. Keempat, fungsi intuisi meliputi Euis mempunyai firasat. Sikap jiwa dalam diri Euis adalah introvert. Fungsi jiwa yang dominan dalam diri Euis adalah perasaan. Berdasarkan ketidaksadaran pribadi pada diri Euis, yaitu tindakan impulsif, sedangkan ketidaksadaran kolektif pada diri Euis adalah Shadow meliputi sikap refleks.
Strategi Bertahan Hidup Buruh Nelayan Tradisional dalam Memenuhi Kebutuhan Pokok Keluarga (Studi Etnografi Buruh Nelayan Tradisional di Kelurahan Sugihwaras Kecamatan Pemalang Kabupaten Pemalang)
Authors: Wahyuni Idah Sri , Priyadi Budi Puspo , Ramadhan Dani Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Lemahnya perekonomian buruh nelayan tradisional mengakibatkan buruh nelayan tradisional kesulitan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari sehingga hal ini dapat mempengaruhi strategi bertahan hidup buruh nelayan tradisional di Sugihwaras. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor lemahnya perekonomian buruh nelayan tradisional dan strategi bertahan hidup buruh nelayan tradisional di Kelurahan Sugihwaras Kecamatan Pemalang Kabupaten Pemalang dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pokok keluarga. Teori Mekanisme Survival oleh James Scott digunakan penulis untuk mengkaji penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Sugihwaras Kecamatan Pemalang Kabupaten Pemalang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor lemahnya perekonomian buruh nelayan tradisional di Sugihwaras di antaranya pengaruh musim, keterbatasan modal, teknologi yang digunakan sederhana, sistem bagi hasil yang timpang, pendidikan rendah, tidak memiliki pekerjaan alternatif, dan rendahnya harga hasil tangkapan yang dijual ke bakul langganan. Strategi yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pokok keluarga berdasarkan tiga premis utama teori Mekanisme Survival James Scott, yaitu mengurangi frekuensi makan dalam satu hari dan beralih ke makanan yang mutunya lebih rendah, menggunakan alternatif subsisten dengan memanfaatkan anggota keluarga untuk ikut bekerja.
Faktor Aging Population di Jepang dan Upaya Pemerintah Jepang dalam Mengatasi Fenomena Tersebut
Authors: Eryano Mochamad Bintang Putra , Insani Nurul Amaliah , Parasati Yafi Annisa , Wardhani Dyah Lukita , Anwari Khoirul Rizal , Ayyub Ichlasul
Published: May 2024

Aging population is an issue that is quite worrying in Japan. From year to year the population birth graph continues to decline combined with life expectancy which causes Japan's population to age very quickly. This research tries to discuss the relationship between the factors that influence the aging population, accompanied by solutions carried out by the Japanese government to overcome the aging population. This research aims to describe the causes of the aging population and what the government's strategy is to overcome this. This research is a qualitative research. Data sources include scientific articles and reports from Japanese government agencies that discuss the aging population. The discussion is carried out by identifying problems using a social change theory approach. The results of the analysis show that the aging population phenomenon in Japan is caused by decreasing birth rates, urbanization, changes in modern lifestyles, and traditional gender roles. The Japanese government has implemented several things in response to this problem. However, this challenge requires cross-sector collaboration to create an environment that supports child birth and child growth.