bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Anthropogenic Groundwater Unloading in Haouz Plain on the 8 September 2023 Mw 6.8 Al Haouz, Morocco Earthquake
Authors: Dalal Prohelika , Kundu Bhaskar , Sreejith K. M. , Senapati Batakrushna , Tiwari Deepak K. , Krishna Vissa Naresh , Jha Birendra , Jin Shuanggen
Published: December 2024

We explore the possible relationship between anthropogenic crustal unloading, induced by groundwater extraction in the Haouz plain surrounding region, and the occurrence of the 8 September 2023 Mw 6.8 earthquake in the High Atlas Mountains (Morocco). Groundwater extraction from unconfined shallow aquifers surrounding Marrakesh in the Haouz plain surpasses aquifer replenishment, resulting in a noticeable reduction in mass. This anthropogenic crustal unloading potentially induces prolonged fault slip or influences seismic potential in the neighboring slowly deforming High-Atlas Mountain region, and associated critically stressed fault system. Our comprehensive study, integrating geodetic data, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations and modeling, hydrological proxies, and coupled poromechanical model suggests a probable connection between anthropogenic groundwater unloading in the Haouz plain and the occurrence of the deadliest 2023 Mw 6.8, Al Haouz, Morocco earthquake. The unregulated extraction of groundwater in the Haouz plain introduces a significant increase in up-dip shear stress at the seismogenic depth, explicitly on a slowly deforming High-Atlas Mountains in western Morocco. The increased stress contributes to the ongoing interseismic tectonic loading on the steeply dipping Tizi n’Test fault and might have led to a significant clock advance for the 2023 Mw 6.8 2023 Al Haouz, Morocco earthquake. Therefore, an unforeseen change in the natural underground stress conditions caused by human activity on a dynamic earthquake-producing fault offers new understanding of the risk of human-triggered earthquakes in western Morocco.
Offshore Nonergodic Ground-Motion Model of Fourier Amplitude Spectra for Subduction Earthquakes in the Japan Trench Area
Authors: Hu Lei , Li Yingmin , Yang Hongwu , Pan Weihao , Ji Shuyan
Published: December 2024

Fourier amplitude spectra (FAS) offer a more direct representation of ground motion compared to acceleration response spectra, leading to significant attention on modeling of FAS in engineering seismology. Advances in ground-motion records and computer algorithms have relaxed ergodic assumptions, enabling the development of nonergodic ground-motion models (GMMs). An offshore ergodic GMM for the smoothed effective amplitude spectrum (EAS) is developed in this study. This model categorizes the S-net stations into buried and unburied based on deployment method. The offshore ergodic EAS GMM is applicable for predicting various subduction earthquake scenarios in the Japan trench area, covering moment magnitudes from 4 to 7.4 and rupture distances up to 300 km. It demonstrates high amplitudes for unburied stations at low frequencies, for buried stations at high frequencies, and for intraslab events at high frequencies. There is a significant difference in frequency content between offshore and onshore ground motions as by comparing the offshore and onshore ergodic EAS GMM. Using the ergodic EAS GMM as a backbone, an offshore nonergodic EAS GMM is developed using Bayesian inference with the integrated nested Laplace approximation to reveal spatial varying path, site, and source effects. The nonergodic EAS GMM exhibits reduced aleatory variability, which is crucial for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and seismic risk assessment. However, it also shows large epistemic uncertainty in areas with sparse ground-motion data and smaller uncertainty in areas with abundant data. The results will provide theoretical basis for offshore seismic zoning, risk assessment, and earthquake engineering warning.
A Semisupervised Seismic Events Classifier Based on Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Jia Luozhao , Chen Shi , Li Yongbo , Zheng Peiling
Published: December 2024

This article presents a semisupervised generative deep learning seismic event classifier that uses a generative adversarial network to extract the features of unlabeled seismic events and subsequently creates a supervised seismic event classification through a synchronous weight sharing mechanism, thereby achieving a high-accuracy seismic event classification with only a small amount of labeled seismic data. In this study, we used records from 59 broadband seismic stations in the Henan region in the China Seismic Network and conducted independent testing using the data not involved in training. The results show that the classifier can classify seismic events related to natural earthquakes, blasting, and collapse using 1-min seismic waveforms. We compared the latent space dimensions, different numbers of labels, and generalization capabilities of different methods and in different regions of the classifier. The test results demonstrate the robustness and reliability of our developed method. The results show that our method can achieve a classification performance of >92.5% compared with traditional deep learning methods when using only 30% of the labeled samples from the entire dataset. The results of this study indicate that generative artificial intelligence methods can effectively extract the features of unlabeled seismic waveforms, and it has broad potential applications in seismology.
Necrológica de Adelino Álvarez Rodríguez
Authors: Astorgano Abajo Antonio
Published: December 2024

Necrológica de Adelino Álvarez Rodríguez
Sugarcane expansion in the microregion of Araraquara: a shift-share analysis
Authors: dos Santos Leticia Sarri , Lourenzani Wagner Luiz , da Silva Bruce Wellington Amorin , Arantes Gustavo Miranda
Published: December 2024

Sugarcane is one of the main crops in Brazilian agribusiness, covering a vast planted area that expands annually. Based on this, it is important to understand how the dynamics of this expansion occurred, to visualize whether there was the replacement of other crops or the incorporation of new areas. The objective of this research, therefore, was to analyze the sugarcane expansion by changes in land use. To this end, the shift-share method was applied, which, assuming a proportionality in the change in land use, allowed visualizing the main crops that incorporated and lost land, both in terms of planted area and new areas. Sugarcane was the main crop that incorporated land, but it was followed by soybeans, peanuts, and cassava. All other crops grown in the region lost land, including oranges, a traditional and important crop in the region. This may be due to more stability on returns of sugarcane and disease in the orange fields. There was also a reduction in the pastureland, which may be caused by competition with more intensive use of the land by some crops, such as sugarcane, and cheaper land in the northern region of the country. The results can contribute to the formulation of public and private policies regarding land use management.
Comparative Analysis of Export Competitiveness Specialization Levels of Türkiye and Leading Countries in the Cereal Sector
Authors: Yalçın Mahsun
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the export competition specialization level of the cereal sector of Türkiye and the ten countries (USA, Germany, France, India, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Ukraine, Australia and Russia) that have the largest share in cereal exports and to analyze them from a comparative perspective. In this direction, the export and import values of the said countries for the period 2013-2022 were taken from the WITS (World Integrated Trade Solution) database. Analyzes, SITC Rev. it was made using the Revealed Comparative Advantages (RCA) method for 3 cereal sub-product groups in the product group “04- Cereals, cereal products” belonging to 3 groups. According to the Net Export Index results, it has been detected that Germany, India, Brazil, Türkiye, Ukraine (except 0481), Russia, Argentina and Australia (except 0471) specialize in the export of all sub-product groups. However, it is concluded that the USA could not specialize in the export of any of the aforementioned sub-product groups. In addition, it has been determined that France and Canada only specialize in the export of the 0472 coded product group. Balassa Index results show that these countries have a competitive disadvantage in all cereal sub-product groups.
Nitel Araştırmalarda Düşünümsellik ve Araştırmacının Konumu
Authors: Turhan Zeynep
Published: December 2024

Nitel araştırmalarda yaygın olarak kullanılan yansıtıcılık düşünümsellik ve yansıtma notları nitel veri toplama ve analiz süreçlerindeki güvenirlilik ve geçerlilik için önemlidir. Farklı disiplinlerde başvurulan düşünümsellik çalışmaları nitel verilerin anlam oluşturmadaki ve bilgi iddialarındaki rolünde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Araştırmacının veri toplama ve analiz süreçlerinde kendi bakış açılarıyla yüzleşmesi, öznel ve bireysel özellikleri ortaya çıkarmasını içeren yansıtma düşünümsellik çalışmaları güvenirlilik ve geçerlilik açısından kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu makale, bir araştırmacının kişisel değerleri, tutumları ve konu seçimindeki etkisi gibi bireysel faktörlerin ve motivasyonların incelendiği düşünümsellik sürecinin, araştırmayı nasıl daha zengin ve daha güvenilir hale getirdiğini göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca, tematik analiz çalışmaları üzerine odaklanan bir nitel araştırmacının deneyimlerini sunarak, örnek uygulamalar gösterilmektedir. Bu makale, düşünümsellik notlarının nitel araştırmalardaki güvenirlilik ve geçerlilik süreçleri için taşıdığı öneme odaklanarak, düşünümselliği uygulama sürecinde ortaya çıkan belirli sorunlara da vurgu yaparak, düşünümsellik notlarının veri analizi ve toplama süreçlerinde nasıl uygulanabileceğini tartışmaktadır.
Döviz Kuru Oynaklığının İhracata Etkisi; Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği Ticareti Açısından Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Akca Ayşe , Akçay S. Belgin
Published: December 2024

Dışa açık ekonomilerde, reel döviz kuru oynaklığı ile dış ticaret arasındaki ilişki, bu ülkelerin ekonomileri için uygun bir ticaret politikası oluşturulabilmesi açısından stratejik bir öneme sahiptir. Ayrıca, toplam ticaretinin büyük kısmını tek bir ülke veya bir bölge ile gerçekleştiren ülkeler açısından döviz kuru oynaklığının önemi daha da artmaktadır. Örneğin Türkiye bu grupta yer alan ülkelerden biridir. Türkiye’nin hem ihracat hem de ithalat açısından ilk sıradaki ticaret ortağı Avrupa Birliği (AB)’dir ve Türkiye toplam dış ticaretinin yaklaşık yarısını AB ile gerçekleştirmektedir. Bu nedenle döviz kuru oynaklığı ve dış ticaret arasındaki ilişkinin Türkiye açısından AB ile ticareti dikkate alınarak incelenmesi ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Dolayısıyla çalışmanın amacı, döviz kuru oynaklığı ile Türkiye’nin AB ile yaptığı ticaret arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla, çalışmada imalat sanayindeki 22 alt sektörden AB’ye yapılan ihracat dikkate alınmakta ve ağırlıklandırma yapılarak döviz kuru oynaklık seviyesinin Türkiye’nin AB’ye yaptığı ihracat üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi olup olmadığı ikinci-nesil panel veri yöntemi kullanılarak araştırılmaktadır. Ampirik analizin bulguları, döviz kuru oynaklığının imalat sanayiinde her sektörü aynı şekilde etkilemediğine işaret etmektedir. Döviz kuru oynaklığı, bazı sektörlerde (ör. tekstil) ihracata olumlu etki yaparken, bazı sektörlerde (ör. deri) olumsuz etki yapmakta, bazılarında ise (ör. ana metal) sonuç anlamsız çıkmaktadır.
Türkiye’de Çevre Vergilerinin Yargıtay ve Danıştay Kararları Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kara Alper , Eroğlu Onur
Published: December 2024

Çevre, küresel kamusal mal olarak kabul edilmektedir. Çevrede oluşacak kirliliğin ve zararın giderilmesi için ortaya atılan etkili politikalardan biri vergi politikasıdır. Bu politika içerisinde yer alan araçlardan biri de çevre vergileridir. Bu çalışma çevre vergilerinin genel bilgisi, kuramsal çerçevesi, uygulaması ve hukuki önemini içeren bir çalışmadır. Bu çalışmada çevresel vergilerin mahkeme kararları eşliğinde incelenip analiz edilmesi ve yaşanan uyuşmazlıkların tespit edilip bu uyuşmazlıkların çözülmesi için öneriler sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada nitel yöntem araştırma metodolojisi ve doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Danıştay ve Yargıtay’a ait çevre vergileri ile ilgili 30 adet dava incelenmiştir. Bu davalarda mükerrer vergileme, sebepsiz zenginleşme, vergi miktarında hata, vergileme ilkelerine aykırı olma konularında uyuşmazlıklar yaşandığı tespit edilmiştir.
How Could It Be Better? Seeking Solutions to the Precarization in the Tourism Workforce
Authors: Çıvak Barış
Published: December 2024

In the tourism industry, businesses have introduced part-time, temporary, and seasonal work arrangements to increase their short-term profits and save on human resources, which are the most significant cost factor. This has led to the formation of a precarious working class in tourism. The question of how to struggle with this emerging problem of precariousness remains unanswered. Strategies to fight against precarious work have become a central focus for academics working in labor and employment and labor organizations. This study aims to reveal the problem of precariousness in the tourism industry and its consequences and offer suggestions. Although there are many studies on the issue of precariousness, there is a noticeable lack of studies focusing on solving these problems in the tourism field. This study addresses this gap by presenting proposed solutions. In the study, a narrative literature review was conducted and a Google Scholar database was used. The concepts of “precarious work”, “precarious employment”, “precarious life”, “precarization”, and “precariousness” were searched and then the concepts of “tourism”, “hospitality”, and “service” were searched together. The study has two main results: (1) The forms of precarious work in the tourism industry and the consequences it creates, and (2) solution proposals to eliminate precarious and adverse working conditions. In this respect, the study aims to contribute to the literature and protect tourism workers' rights.
Muhasebe Mesleğinde Teknolojik Dönüşüm ve Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavir Stajyerlerinin Geleceğe Dair Beklentileri: Gaziantep İli Örneği
Authors: Ös Mehmet , Ercan Cuma
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavir stajyerlerinin staj uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşlerini tespit etmektir. Bu çerçevede, stajyerlerin staj uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşleri dört boyutta incelenmiştir. Bunlar; sorunlar, beklentiler, yeterlilikler ve mesleğin geleceğidir. Araştırmada, nicel araştırma desenlerinden betimsel ve ilişkisel tarama deseni kullanılmıştır. Veriler anket yöntemi ile elde edilmiş, verilerin analizinde ise SPSS 23.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Gaziantep Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odasına kayıtlı stajyerler oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, t- testi ve ANOVA testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, en yüksek ortalamanın beklenti boyutuna, en düşük ortalama ise yeterlilik boyutuna ait olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen sorunların başında; dosya ve sınav ücretlerinin yüksek olması, fazla mesai ücreti alamama, maaşların düşük olması, staj süresinin uzun olması, günlük 8 saatten fazla çalışma konuları gelmektedir. Stajyerlerin meslek mensuplarından en önemli beklentisi; mesleğin tüm inceliklerinin öğretilmesi ve esas işler dışındaki işlerde çalıştırılmamalarıdır. Staj uygulamalarının mesleki yeterlilikleri üzerindeki en önemli etkisi ise, yeterlilik düzeylerinin farkına varmaları konusunda olmuştur. Stajyerler, gelecekte mevzuat bilgisinin yanında donanım ve yazılım bilgisine sahip mali müşavir ihtiyacının artacağı, mali müşavirlerin defter tutmaktan çok denetim ve danışmanlık faaliyetlerine yönelecekleri görüşündedirler.
Türkiye İçin Nafaka Yardımı Uygulama Önerisi
Authors: Dağlıoğlu Selim
Published: December 2024

102 sayılı ILO Sözleşmesine göre aile yardımları, çocuğa bakma mükellefiyetinin kişilerin yaşam standartları üzerinde yarattığı olumsuz etkilerin ortadan kaldırılması ya da azaltılması amacıyla çocuğun bakımını üstlenen kişilere yapılan sosyal güvenlik yardımlarıdır. 102 sayılı ILO Sözleşmesi dikkate alınarak bu çalışmada aile yardımları, çocuklar göz önünde bulundurularak verilen yardımlarla sınırlı tutulmuştur. Çocuğa bakma mükellefiyetinin kapsamını; çocuğun bakımı, eğitimi ve gözetimi oluşturmaktadır. Söz konusu mükellefiyet, ebeveynlerin ayrı yaşaması halinde de devam etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda mahkemelerce belirlenen nafaka ödemelerinin nafaka ödeme yükümlüsü ebeveyn tarafından ödenmemesi halinde söz konusu ödemelere devlet tarafından aracılık edilmesi ve/ve nafaka ödeme yükümlüsünün ekonomik durumunun bu ödemeleri yapmaya imkân vermediği durumlarda söz konusu ödemelerin devlet tarafından yapılmasına yönelik yardımlar, aile yardımları sosyal güvenlik kolu kapsamına girmektedir. Bu çerçevede ülkeler, ebeveynleri ayrı yaşayan çocukların bakımı, eğitimi ve gözetimi için ortaya çıkan masraflara her iki ebeveynin de katkı sağlaması için çeşitli önlemler almakta ve nafaka ödemelerinin gerçekleştirilmesinde ebeveynlere yardım sağlanması için aile yardımlarının özel bir türü olan nafaka yardımı uygulamalarını geliştirmektedir. Çalışmada nafaka yardımı önerisi geliştirilmesi amacıyla 37 ülkedeki aile yardımları uygulaması incelenmiş ve bu ülkelerde nafaka yardımı bulunan 17 ülke uygulaması ile gelir-gider projeksiyonu sonuçları dikkate alınarak bir nafaka yardımı uygulama önerisi sunulmuştur.
Yiyecek-İçecek İşlemelerinde Personel Seçim Sürecinde SWARA Yönteminin Kullanılması: Çorum İli Örneği
Authors: Aknar Ahmet , Kaya Bahri
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada yiyecek-içecek işletmelerinin servis ve barista personeli seçerken dikkate aldıkları kriterlerin önceliklendirmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada değerlendirmeye alınan kriterler, literatür taraması, uzman görüşü ve işletme yöneticilerinin görüşleri kapsamında belirlenmiştir. Kriterler belirlendikten sonra SWARA anket formu oluşturularak Çorum ilinde faaliyet gösteren 15 yiyecek-içecek işletme yöneticisine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere SWARA yöntemi uygulanarak servis ve barista personeli için kriterlerin öncelikleri belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra yöneticiler açısından her bir kriter için bulunan değerlerin aritmetik ortalaması alınarak kriterlerin sıralaması yapılmıştır. Servis ve barista personeli için en önemli kriterin “takım çalışmasına uygunluk” olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Kamu Yönetiminde Hibritleşme ve Devletin Değişen Rolü
Authors: Bilmez Nurettin , Akay Hasan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği (YKİ) sonrası dönemde Kamu Değeri Yaklaşımı (KDY), Yeni Kamu Hizmeti (YKH) ve Yeni Kamu Yönetişimi (YKY) yaklaşımlarının kamu yönetimi alanında yarattığı etki sonucunda gerçekleşen hibritleşmenin devletin rolünde yarattığı değişim ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın temel iddiası şudur: kamu yönetiminde yaşanan hibritleşme sonucunda devletin rolü hem teorik hem de uygulama düzeyinde belli ölçüde dönüşüme uğramıştır. Teorik açıdan konunun kapsamlı şekilde incelenmesini sağlamak için ağırlıklı olarak yabancı literatürdeki önemli çalışmalardan yararlanılmıştır. Uygulama düzeyinde ise YKİ’ne öncülük eden ülke deneyimlerine yer verilmiştir. Metodolojik bakımdan eleştirel ve tarihsel yöntemin yanında karşılaştırmalı yöntemden de yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada kamu yönetiminde yaşanan hibritleşmeyle devletin rolünün katılımı artırma, vatandaşlara hizmet etme, kamu yararı, kamu değeri ve ortak iyiliği sağlama, iş birliği ve koordinasyonu güçlendirme şeklinde değişmeye başladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CALCINATION TEMPERATURES ON SYNTHESIZED HYDROXYAPATITES FROM WASTE EGGSHELL
Authors: Bayram Nur , Dikmen Sedef , Malkoç Semra
Published: December 2024

About 94% of waste eggshells are composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), which allows for the generation of calcium oxide (CaO), which can be utilized to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp). This study uses chemical precipitation and calcination methods to synthesize natural HAp from eggshell waste. In the first stage, the powdered eggshell was calcined at 900 °C to convert the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the eggshell into calcium oxide (CaO), the precursor particles of HAp, before being subjected to chemical precipitation. To obtain HAp, the calcined eggshell powder was mixed with deionized water, and the suspension, whose pH was adjusted to 8.5 using phosphoric acid, was allowed to age. The precipitates obtained in the second stage were calcined at various temperatures (500 °C, 700 °C, 900 °C, 1000 °C, and 1100 °C) to produce hydroxyapatite (HAp) with the highest purity. The HAp samples synthesized at these calcination temperatures were characterized using several techniques: phase analysis through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), chemical analysis via X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and microscopy, and thermal analysis using differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG). XRD patterns show that the most suitable calcination temperature for HAp is 900 °C, and samples calcined at 900 °C, 1000 °C and 1100 °C contain peaks belonging to biphasic HAp and -tricalcium phosphate (-TCP) phase. The chemical analysis results show that HAp samples are mostly composed of Ca, P and O elements. The calculated Ca/P ratio for HAp samples recalcined at 900 °C is 1.73, which is close to the expected stoichiometric ratio of 1.67. HAp recalcined at 900 °C exhibited characteristic peaks at 571, 632, 962, 1046 and 1090 cm‒1. The intensities of most of the bands belonging to phosphate vibrations of HAp increased at calcination temperatures of 900 °C and above. As a result, the study showed that HAp can be synthesized from eggshell waste by using the precipitation and calcination methods together.
Conformational dynamics of the enzyme-substrate complex of protein kinase A with pseudosubstrate SP20 and adenosine triphosphate
Authors: Mulashkina T.I. , Leonova M.S. , Khrenova M.G.
Published: December 2024

The phosphorylation reaction, catalyzed by the enzyme protein kinase A (PKA), plays one of the key roles in the work of the glutamatergic system, primarily involved in memory functioning. The analysis of the dynamic behavior of the enzyme-substrate complex allows one to learn the mechanism of the enzymatic reaction. According to the results of classical molecular dynamics calculations followed by hierarchical clustering, the most preferred proton acceptor during the phosphorylation reaction catalyzed by PKA is the carboxyl group of the amino acid residue Asp166; however, the γ-phosphate group of ATP can also act as an acceptor.
Extracting information on virus-human interactions and on antiviral compounds based on automated analysis of large text collections
Authors: Tarasova O.A. , Biziukova N.Yu. , Stolbova E.A. , Stolbov L.A. , Taktashov R.R. , Karasev D.A. , Ionov N.S. , Ivanov S.M. , Dmitriev A.V. , Rudik A.V. , Druzhilovskiy D.S. , Sobolev B.N. , Filimonov D.A. , Poroikov V.V.
Published: December 2024

The development of effective antivirals is of great importance due to the threat associated with the rapid spread of viral infections. The accumulation of data in scientific publications and in databases of biologically active compounds provides an opportunity to extract specific information about interactions between chemicals and their viral and host targets. This information can be used for elucidation of knowledge about potential antiviral activity of chemical compounds, their side effects and toxicities. Our study aims to extract knowledge about virus-host interactions and potential antiviral agents based on the mining of massive amounts of scientific publications. With a set of previously developed algorithms, we have extracted comprehensive information on virus-host interactions and chemical compounds that interact with both viral and host targets. We collected data on the interactions of several viruses, including hepatitis B and C viruses, SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B, and herpes simplex viruses, with (1) the host (human body), (2) potential antiviral agents, and, also extracted information on the interactions between potential antiviral agents and host proteins. Based on the data analysis performed, we created a freely available knowledge base on the interaction of chemical compounds with viral proteins and their host targets, allowing the exploration of both well-studied and recently discovered novel virus-host-chemical-compound interactions.
Identification of mouse brain proteoforms: comparison of 2D-electrophoresis data and independent experiment with mass spectrometric identification
Authors: Rybina A.V.
Published: December 2024

A previously developed algorithm for the preliminary identification of protein proteoforms associated with post-translational modifications (PTMs) based on 2D electrophoresis data (DOI: 10.18097/BMCRM00191) has been used in this study for analysis of experimental data obtained using mice and reported in two papers by different authors. The authors of the first paper identified 8 groups of spots on 2D electrophoretic maps corresponding to 8 proteins with at least two unconcretised proteoforms. The authors of the second paper analyzed brain samples by means of the LC-MS/MS. In this study identification of peptides with PTMs was repeated using the raw data from the second paper. Among the 8 target proteins, 7 were identified in most of the biological samples. For 4 of them, 17 possible peptides with modifications were found. The 5 proteoform variants with identified PTMs matched the spots on the 2D electrophoresis maps. Thus, the prediction of pI values for proteins with hypothetical PTMs allows to form a set of hypotheses about the presence of particular proteoforms on the 2D electrophoretic maps.
Analisis Sentimen Tanggapan Publik di Media Sosial Instagram Terhadap Program CSR “ESG Existance (EXIST)” PT Telkom
Authors: Prihanum Aiva , Fadillah Dani
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana masyarakat Indonesia merespons program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) "ESG Existance (EXIST)" dari PT Telkom melalui platform media sosial Instagram. Dalam konteks era digital yang berkembang pesat, media sosial, khususnya Instagram, telah menjadi sarana utama bagi individu untuk menyampaikan pandangan dan respons terhadap inisiatif perusahaan. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis postingan, komentar, dan konten terkait untuk mengidentifikasi variasi dalam sentimen publik, mulai dari dukungan aktif hingga kritik konstruktif. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa program EXIST menerima respons positif yang signifikan atas upaya Telkom dalam mempromosikan keberlanjutan lingkungan, inklusi sosial, dan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik. Namun demikian, program ini juga menghadapi tantangan dalam hal transparansi dan persepsi efektivitas pelaksanaannya. Faktor eksternal seperti opini influencer dan isu-isu sosial juga mempengaruhi pola sentimen yang muncul di platform ini. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga bagi Telkom untuk memperbaiki strategi komunikasi mereka dan meningkatkan dampak positif program CSR di masyarakat.
Dramaturgi dalam Media Sosial: Second Account Instagram sebagai Self-Disclosure pada Mahasiswa Muslimah
Authors: Amelia Citra
Published: December 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana mahasiswi muslimah menggunakan second account di Instagram sebagai sarana untuk melakukan self-disclosure. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah fenomena penggunaan second account untuk memisahkan identitas publik dan pribadi. Dengan menggunakan teori dramaturgi dari Erving Goffman, penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana mahasiswi muslimah menyusun, mengelola, dan menyajikan citra diri yang berbeda di akun utama dan second account mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, di mana data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi terhadap tiga mahasiswi muslimah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan second account memungkinkan mahasiswi untuk berekspresi lebih bebas dan jujur tanpa tekanan sosial yang ada di akun utama. Akun utama berfungsi sebagai panggung depan (front stage), sementara second account berfungsi sebagai panggung belakang (backstage) yang memberikan ruang bagi ekspresi diri yang lebih autentik.
Pelanggaran Etika Pariwara Indonesia dalam Iklan Pengobatan Alternatif di Media Luar Griya
Authors: Adriana Raya , Ramadhanti Ayona Wulan , Muttaqien Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pelanggaran etika dalam iklan pengobatan alternatif di media luar griya daerah Yogyakarta, khususnya iklan pengobatan ambeien dan klaim penyembuhan kanker tanpa operasi, dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iklan pengobatan alternatif mengobati tanpa operasi di media luar griya daerah Yogyakarta melanggar Etika Pariwara Indonesia (EPI) dan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen, terutama dalam hal klaim penyembuhan tanpa bukti ilmiah, penggunaan bahasa yang vulgar, serta janji penyembuhan instan yang berpotensi menyesatkan. Iklan-iklan ini juga ditempatkan di lokasi yang tidak sesuai, melanggar aturan estetika dan ketertiban publik. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya kepatuhan terhadap standar etika dalam periklanan untuk melindungi konsumen, khususnya dalam iklan kesehatan, serta perlunya literasi etika di kalangan praktisi periklanan dan masyarakat. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan untuk menggali regulasi yang lebih rinci guna melindungi konsumen dari iklan yang tidak jujur.
A study on the prognostic value of red cell distribution width to total serum calcium ratio in acute pancreatitis and comparison with Ranson’s and BISAP score - a prospective observational study from a tertiary care center in Chennai
Authors: Ancy J. M. Judy , Murali R. , Kini P. Ratnakar , Premkumar K. , Shanthiselvi A.
Published: December 2024

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe inflammatory condition with variable outcomes, and current scoring systems have limitations in predicting its severity. Our study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the red cell distribution width (RDW) -to-total serum calcium ratio in patients with AP.
Methods: This single-center prospective observational study included 100 patients at Madras Medical College, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital between September 2023 and 2024. 16 patients with severe AP were compared to 84 mild AP cases by assessing demographics, aetiology, comorbidities, laboratory results, arterial blood gas, and RDW at 0 and 24 hours. The RDW-to-total serum calcium ratio was evaluated against the established prognostic scores within 24 h of admission.
Results: A total of 100 patients with acute pancreatitis were included in the study, of which 84 (84%) had mild AP, and 16 (16%) had severe AP. The RDW/TSC ratio demonstrated excellent predictive value for mortality, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.909, sensitivity of 95.40%, and specificity of 85.70%. This outperformed RDW at 0 hours (AUROC=0.789), bedside index of severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) (AUROC=0.764), and Ranson’s score (AUROC=0.711). RDW at 24 hours showed no significant predictive value (AUROC=0.529).
Conclusions: RDW and RDW 0h-to-TSC ratio are cost-effective, non-invasive markers that predict acute pancreatitis (AP) severity and mortality more effectively than Ranson and BISAP scores. An RDW 0 hours >14.15 and RDW 0 hours-to-TSC ratio >1.45 were strong predictors of AP severity.
A rare case of hyponatremia
Authors: Pallivalappil Bhargavan , Chandran Sila , Narayanan Niya , Jacob Anuja
Published: December 2024

Autoimmune hypophysitis (AH) is a rare inflammatory condition characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of the pituitary gland, leading to pituitary dysfunction. While AH predominantly affects females in their childbearing years, its occurrence in older males, especially at the age of 59, is exceptionally rare. Here, we discuss AH in a middle-aged male who presented with atypical symptoms. A 59-year-old male with no known co-morbidities presented with a 2-week history of headache with retro-orbital pain, accompanied by decreased appetite, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision and low-grade fever (for 3 days). The patient also gave a history of hepatitis B infection twenty years ago. On examination, he had icterus, while vital signs and systemic examination were within normal limits. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, and hyponatremia. Further evaluation of hyponatremia revealed low serum osmolality, increased urine spot sodium, and urine osmolality, suggestive of euvolemic hyponatremia. Hormonal assays indicated low levels of T4, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone, suggestive of pituitary dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and pituitary gland revealed a bulky pituitary gland with thickening of stalk, suggesting hypophysitis.
Executive stress and burnout syndrome: focus on clinical lecturers in Nigerian
Authors: Solomon Enyidah Nonyenim , Esther Ijeoma Nonye-Enyidah , Dike Alikor Chizindu , N. Elenwo Solomon
Published: December 2024

The clinical lecturers are academic staff of the faculties of clinical sciences in the universities. They are all executives at all levels. Their duties in the hospitals and the university keep all the stress pathways always activated in them, making them easy preys to executive stress. The major cause of stress in executives are work related in 65%, family related in about 44%, young age and reduce physical activities. The standard workload formula (SWF) and the course credit system (CCS) currently used in Nigeria and by the universities all over the world to assign, measure, monitor and remunerate staff are not applicable in this faculty, leaving the members in state of learned helplessness. Academic burnout occurs when the academic work and home life become overwhelmingly unbearable. They currently have the highest prevalence rates in most disorders hence the need for urgent attention and reconsideration of the faculty policies.
Results of limb reconstruction system in management of infected non-unions of femur
Authors: Patel Jenil , Puram Chetan , Panchwagh Yogesh , Sancheti Parag , Shyam Ashok
Published: December 2024

: Infected non-union needs prolonged treatment and repeated surgeries which significantly impacts patient’s social, financial, physical and mental life. In relation to Ilizarov technique monolateral external fixator is less bulky, more comfortable and better tolerated by patient. In this study we aim to assess the union rates, infection control, alignment, complications and the functional outcome of infected femoral non-union managed with monolateral external fixator.

The aim of this article is to review the incidence, diagnosis, treatment and functional outcome of LRS in management of infected non-unions of femur and to study the different complications of LRS.

This is a prospective interventional study carried out between June 2017 and June 2021 at tertiary care centre operated by a single surgeon. Patients diagnosed as infected non-union of femur clinically and radiologically and operated with monolateral external fixator were assessed. Functional and radiological assessment was done using ASAMI classification.

In our study 21 patients were operated which included 20 males (95.2%) and one female with mean follow up is 29.85 ± 11.42 months. The most common site of non-union is mid-shaft of the femur. The mean bone defect after debridement is 3.52 ± 2.23cm (1 -10cm). The mean time of bony union in our study is 180.65 days (range 95-740 days). The ASAMI classification of bone results is Excellent to good in 90% of patients.

Our study suggested that limb reconstruction system can be successfully used in the management of infected non-union of femur as a stable fixation modality and achieve satisfactory outcome in terms of bony union and functional results. Pre-operatively planning of the LRS frame, radical debridement and maintaining stability of the LRS frame are key steps of the treatment.
Outcome of osteosynthesis and tensor fascia lata muscle pedicle bone graft in neglected femoral neck fracture in adults
Authors: Singh Animesh Kumar , Pal Dilip Kumar , Aryan Anshu , Kundu Pranay
Published: December 2024

Till date there is no fool proof method to address neglected fracture neck of femur in young adults owing to its complications such as Non-union (NU) and Avascular necrosis (AVN). Various head preserving surgeries are there, the closed reduction internal fixation of the femoral head, augmented with Tensor fascia lata Muscle pedicle bone graft (TFL MPBG),provides a simple and effective method with excellent to good results in majority of the young patients.

To find out the functional and radiological outcome of Osteosynthesis and TFL MPBG in neglected femoral neck fracture in young adults.

In this retrospective study we operated on 15 young patients with neglected fracture neck of femur > 3 weeks old. The head was first fixed with Cannulated Cancellous Screw by close method and then TFL MPBG was fixed with a screw at the sub capital region of the head. The final assessment was done upon only those patients who were followed for at least 2 years post operatively using modified Harris hip score.

The average age of patient was 27.8 years; average delay in surgery was 4.7 weeks. The modified Harris hip score was found to be excellent in 8, good in 4, fair in 2 and poor in 1 patient at the end of 2 years follow up. The average duration of surgery was 2 hours 35 minutes, mean shortening of the lower limb was found out to be 1.73 cm in 60% of the patient. No cases of NU and AVN were found.

Among the various head preserving surgeries in neglected fracture neck of the femur in young adults, the CRIF of head with CCS augmented with TFL MPBG fixed with a screw at the sub capital region of the head is a simple, effective and reproducible treatment modality with excellent to good results in majority of the young patients.
An atypical manifestation of mycetoma around knee joint – A case report
Authors: Panday Anshul , Hamid Bagwala Juzer , Patidar Sunil , Gaud Mayank Singh
Published: December 2024

A chronic granulomatous disease called mycetoma affects subcutaneous tissue and in more advanced stages, destroys bone. Large, painless swellings that resemble tumours, nodules and draining sinuses and a discharge that contains grains are its distinguishing features.

A 40-year-old man arrived at our outpatient clinic complaining of diffuse edema and pain surrounding his left knee joint that had been present for the previous two years, along with sinus and granular discharge. The patient claims to have had a thorn prick thirty years ago. One differential diagnosis for the current situation was septic arthritis. Mycetomas are usually classified using a classification called "staging-classification of mycetoma," and the current case was classified as Stage-C.

Based on the "Staging classification of mycetoma," the patient's condition was identified as Stage-C mycetoma due to pain and generalized oedema around the left knee. The isolated organism was Madurella mycetomatis. A comprehensive curettage involving multiple stages, debridement and excision of damaged tissue from the anterior and posterior aspects of the knee joint using various techniques was carried out. Anti-fungal medication was added for six months prior to and six months following the procedure and the results at the 6-month mark indicated a favourable outcome.
2024 - 2050 Estudio de vigilancia estratégica inteligencia competitiva
Authors: Castro Salgado José William , Acero López Nathaly Johanna
Published: December 2024

El estudio de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva (VT&IC) para la vigencia 2024 resulta de utilidad para poder identificar áreas de mayor producción académica institucional, así como oportunidades potenciales para aprovechar las capacidades institucionales frente a retos importantes de la educación superior en el nivel de país. Igualmente, permite identificar algunos clústeres de tendencias, en el marco de temas de interés institucional que se han identificado previamente como resultado de la actualización del direccionamiento estratégico institucional y el Plan de Desarrollo Institucional 2024-2050.
The national-territorial structure of the USSR: A “time bomb” or a “historical compromise”?
Authors:   Saratov State University, Myakshev Anatoly P.
Published: December 2024

The article attempts to refute the widespread opinion in historiography that the form of organization of the USSR, consisting of ethnoterritorial formations of different status, was one of the main factors in the collapse of a single state. It is argued that the idea of federalization of
Russia did not belong to the Bolsheviks, but to national parties and movements that demanded recognition of their right to national-territorial
autonomy. The article substantiates the position that the national-territorial principle of the internal structure of the Soviet state contributed
both to the preservation and strengthening of the national identity of Soviet ethnic groups and to the creation of a civil nation in the form of
the Soviet people as a new historical community.
Freemasonry in pre-revolutionary France (1773–1789)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kiyasov Sergey E.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the events of the Masonic history of pre-revolutionary France. The author focuses on the formation of national
structures of French Freemasonry. The participation of the ruling dynasty in the process of transformation of the “English” lodges into the
structures of the Grand Orient of France is noted. The efforts of Masonic leaders on the eve of the French revolution are characterized.
The pedagogical activity of the English writer Hannah More at the turn of the XVIIIth – XIXth centuries
Authors:   Saratov State University, Starokozheva Nataliya A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the pedagogical activity of the English writer and teacher of the turn of the XVIII–XIX centuries Hannah More.
It is shown that she not only wrote about the need to provide girls with the opportunity to receive education, but also organized schools and
women’s creative circles for them, popularized charitable activities among English women. The main attention is paid to the difficulties that
H. More had to overcome in this field.
Activities of Samuel Hoare in Russia 1916
Authors:   Saratov State University, Krylov Vladimir A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the formation and activities of the British intelligence officer S. Hoare in Russia. His memories as a witness of
the last days of the Russian Empire are very useful for researchers. Relations with representatives of the Russian liberal opposition allowed S.
Hoare to gather important information about the Russian economy. The author concludes that Samuel Hoare significantly influenced Russia’s
strengthening of the continental blockade.
The U.S. “War on Terror” before 9/11: Framing the concept
Authors:   Saratov State University, Rybalko Olga K.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the process of framing the concept of the “War on Terror” in the United States during the 1980–1990s and
demonstrates the continuity of its key ideas and principles over two decades. The basic components of the concept, like the perception of the
terrorism as a form of asymmetrical warfare, the declaration of the U.S. global mission to terminate the terrorist threat, the emphasis on use of
military force for fighting against terrorism, the justification of a preemptivestrike,were developed in the Ronald Reagan administration, adopted
by George H. W. Bush and developed during the presidency of Bill Clinton. In 2001 George W. Bush had a ready set of tools to justify the “War
on Terror” and to turn this concept into part of the US strategy of global dominance.
The causes and features of the manifestation of violent forms of the agrarian movement on the eve of the First Russian Revolution (based on the materials of the Saratov province)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Utiuliev Zhanbek A.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the violent forms of the agrarian movement of late Imperial Russia as the most dangerous and destructive ways
of peasant protest in socio-political, legal and economic terms. Using the example of the Saratov province, the author identifies the causes,
motivations and delinquent methods of expressing various illegal excesses in the peasant environment. The main content of the study is the
analysis of violent forms of the agrarian movement in Russia at the beginning of the XX century, as varieties of agrarian terror. According to the
results of the study, it was concluded that the specifics of the agrarian movement on the eve of the First Russian Revolution in the whole country,
and in the Saratov province, in particular, werecharacterized by an escalation of extreme forms of violent actions of peasants against landowners.
Using the resources of the Saratov region for the recruitment of the Army and Navy during the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Saratov State University, Danilov Viktor N.
Published: December 2024

The article presents a general picture of the involvement of human contingents from the Saratov region to recruit the Armed Forces
of the USSR on the eve and during the Great Patriotic War. The article highlights in detail the conduct of three waves of the so-called general
mobilization of the military in 1941, subsequent party-komsomol and other special mobilizations, as well as the regular conscription of recruits
in 1942–1945. The role of the training of military-trained reserves through Vsevobuch, the people’s militia and defense organizations is shown.
The author expresses his opinion on the total number of residents of the region sent to the army and navy during the period under study.
City linguistic landscape in the time of war
Authors: Demska Orysia
Published: December 2024

Background. A new field, critical urban toponymy, emerged at the end of the 20th century. In Ukraine, this field is a component of studies on linguistic landscapes. The research analyzes toponymic transformations in urban spaces as tools for decolonization and deoccupation as well as the relationship between names, historical and cultural memory, and state ideology. However, there is still a lack of systematic studies examining the place names of urban objects through the lens of war.Contribution to the research field. The presented studies may help to understand the significance of a city’s adequately constructed linguistic (urbanonymic) landscape in the context of war. They illustrate how the correct linguistic construction of the living space impacts the outcomes of physical military confrontations and hybrid warfare, particularly semantic warfare.Purpose. This article aims to demonstrate how the linguistic landscape of a city is connected to war, how it can serve as a tool of influence, and how it can become an instrument of either victory or defeat.Methods. The principles of critical toponymy theory, commemorative theory, and security studies theory were employed. Descriptive analysis, content analysis, discourse analysis, and axiological research methods were applied.Results. The capacity of a society to effectively and securely organize its own life is directly or indirectly influenced by two factors — space and time. Space can be understood as both physical-real and mental-virtual. The physical space represents the primary target of physical warfare, while the virtual space embodies the focus of semantic warfare. The analysis of the connection between language and space in both manifestations reveals that significance lies not only in language but also in the symbolic meaning, typically encoded in keywords, linguistic constructions, and especially in the names of various spatial objects.Discussion. Current war spans a broad temporal horizon, making the study of language, including proper names, in the context of war a primary task for Ukrainian scientists. This provides an opportunity to highlight the importance of language and to offer the world insights into how language manifests in war and how war manifests in language.