bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey Paper on Mankind Essential – Oxygen
Authors: Islam Eftahrul , D Dr. Ganesh
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The Second wave of COVID’19 Coronavirus has brought a human unexpected condition for demand on Oxygen Supply in all over the world and especially in India. Due to lack of proper channel of getting Oxygen, made people to find the supply of oxygen through social media like phone calls, SMS, WhatsApp message, posting through Facebook, twitter and so many. But only limited people got the right suppliers and many could not get their demand satisfied at the right time. Even hospitals had difficulties during this situation. To face such problems, in this project we propose a unique system for Online Oxygen Management System which can effectively meet the crisis situation in an effective way. To fight the crisis of oxygen shortage in the face of the raging Covid-19 wave, this proposed system is launched as a digital platform to fast-pace the supply chain to both people and hospitals.
Non-Linear Time History Analysis of G+15 RC Frame Building with Shear Wall
Authors: Mishra Balgovind , Singh Dr. Raghvendra
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The structure is vulnerable to ground movement during an earthquake and damages the structure. It is important to know the nature of the movement of the ground in order to prevent damage to the structure due to the movement of the ground. The main purpose of Shear wall is to counter the lateral forces acting on the structure and it act as a vertical cantilever beam. The time history method is used for nonlinear dynamic analysis. The nonlinear time history analysis is conducted on four different model using CSI ETABS19, several values of all four models were found out from Structure. IS:1893-2016 guidelines are used for the time history analysis of four model of G+15 storey. Hence, total four models are used to analyse the dynamic response of the building. The result of, story displacement, story drift, storey shear, storey overturning moment and base shear are calculated and compared for all four models. Keywords: RC frame, shear wall, seismic damage, nonlinear time history analysis, dynamic analysis, ETABS
A Case Study of OTT Platforms Usage of During Covid-19 Lockdown
Authors: Reddy Pothe Reddy Sai Kiran , Tajammul Mohd
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Digital digitalization has changed the way we access and use our content. Information is available at the click of a button and is always in our hands. The proliferation of the Internet led to the collapse of the planet, figuratively speaking. Content based on entertainment mixed with information (infotainment), unlike the latest news, tends to attract the attention of better audiences. The rise of OTT platforms, this trend has seen a new. Content from around the world is available without wasting much time. It would not be wrong to say that OTT platforms like Netflix, Amazon Prime Video etc. provide catalytic momentum in globalization. These forums can be commended for bringing the world together and bringing them closer together and for promoting a better sense of cultural understanding among the masses. During the tragic times of the unprecedented global epidemic such as COVID-19, these highly sought-after video platforms saw a dramatic increase in their visuals. As a result of the closure and the official social reduction practices adopted by many countries affected by the epidemic, people have registered for higher attendance at these forums. It is because of these methods and statistics of increasing popularity and reliance on OTT foundations of entertainment, information and engagement among viewers that this research has done. This urban youth survey aims to assess the tendency to use content during closure, to understand your causes and impacts. Keywords: -OTT, Video-on-demand, digitization, infotainment, content, COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown
Penggunaan Lafaz Bahjah, Jamal dan Zukhruf dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Mubarak Rizky , Nurullah Nurullah
Published: March 2022

The choice of vocabulary in the Qur'an is not a coincidence, but each word has its own value of balaghah. The beauty of the language and style of the Qur'an can be seen from its balaghah and fasahah, both concretely and abstractly. The Qur'an sometimes uses several words that have the same or close meanings, so there seems to be an inconsistency in the words it uses. This study will examine the use of the words bahjah, jamᾱl and zukhruf which means beautiful in the Qur'an. This research is library research using the maudhu'i method. The main sources of data are the verses of the Qur'an that contain the words bahjah, jamᾱl and zukhruf as well as secondary sources in the form of books of tafsir, mu'jam and other related scientific sources. In the Qur'an, the words bahjah, jamᾱl and zukhruf have meanings that are almost related to each other but with different contexts and purposes. Bahjah is defined by the beautiful colors used to express the beauty in the trees, flowers, mountains, oceans, etc. that make the earth look beautiful. Jamᾱl in the Qur'an is generally used to describe the beauty that radiates from a nature that will not be mentioned unless there is dispute or friction. As for zukhruf, it is used in the Qur'an to mention concrete decoration, but if it is paired with other words, then the decoration in question is abstract decoration. Pemilihan kosa kata dalam Alquran, bukanlah suatu kebetulan tetapi setiap kata mempunyai nilai balaghah tersendiri. Keindahan bahasa dan uslub Alquran yang menakjubkan terlihat dari balaghah dan fasahahnya, baik yang konkrit maupun abstrak. Alquran kadangkala menggunakan beberapa kata yang memiliki arti sama atau dekat, sehingga tampak adanya inkonsistensi dalam kata-kata yang digunakannya. Kajian ini akan mengkaji penggunaan lafaz bahjah, jamᾱl dan zukhruf  yang bermakna indah dalam Alquran. Penelitian ini berupa riset kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan metode maudhu’i. Sumber data utama yaitu ayat-ayat Alquran yang mengandung lafaz bahjah, jamᾱl dan zukhruf serta sumber sekunder berupa kitab-kitab tafsir, mu’jam dan sumber ilmiah terkait lainnya. Dalam Alquran lafaz bahjah, jamᾱl dan zukhruf  mempunyai makna yang hampir berkaitan antara satu dengan lainnya namun dengan konteks dan tujuan yang berbeda. Bahjah diartikan dengan warna yang indah yang  digunakan untuk menyebutkan keindahan pada pepohonan, bunga-bungaan, pegunungan, lautan, dan lain-lain yang menjadikan bumi terlihat indah. Jamᾱl dalam Alquran pada umumnya digunakan untuk menyebutkan keindahan yang terpancar dari sesuatu sifat yang tidak akan disebutkan kecuali terjadi perselisihan atau gesekan. Adapun zukhruf digunakan dalam Alquran untuk menyebutkan hiasan yang konkrit akan tetapi jika disandingkan dengan kata lain maka hiasan yang dimaksud adalah hiasan yang abstrak.
Makna Lafaz al-Ashnām, al-Autsān, al-Anshāb dan al-Tamātsīl dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Muthalib Salman Abdul , Anggia Agil
Published: March 2022

Lafaz al-ashnām, al-autsān, al-anshāb and al-tamātsīl are translated as statues and idols in the translation of the Qur'an. This is an oddity in the translation, because the four terms are interpreted in the same meaning. To understand in detail, it is necessary to look for the interpretive characteristics of each term, so as to provide a comprehensive meaning or its true meaning. This paper explains that the words al-ashnām, al-autsān, al-anshāb and al-tamātsīl have different meanings. Al-ashnām are idols made of stone, metal, and copper whose images are not carved in three dimensions. Al-autsān idols made of wood, stone, soil, and others. Al-anshāb is a shapeless stone that is used as a place for slaughtering animals to be offered to idols. Meanwhile, al-tamātsīl, everything that is made in the form of a human creation made of wood, marble, copper, and glass which is then called a statue, some even call it an idol. The meaning of the four terms is divided into two parts, namely: first, lafaz al-ashnām, al-autsān, al-anshāb and al-tamātsīl are used for idols in physical form such as idols of 'Uzzā, crosses, statues and others. Second, lafaz al-ashnām and al-autsān, are used for idols in the non-physical, namely everything that can turn away from Allah swt. Lafaz al-ashnām, al-autsān, al-anshāb dan al-tamātsīl diartikan dengan patung dan berhala dalam penerjemahan al-Qur`an. Hal ini merupakan suatu kejanggalan, karena keempat istilah tersebut diartikan dengan makna yang sama. Untuk memahami secara detail, perlu dicarikan karakteristik penafsiran dari masing-masing istilah, sehingga memberikan makna yang komprehensif atau makna sebenarnya. Tulisan ini menjelaskan bahwa lafaz al-ashnām, al-autsān, al-anshāb dan al-tamātsīl memiliki makna yang berbeda. Al-ashnām ialah berhala yang terbuat dari batu, logam, dan tembaga yang gambarannya tidak dipahat secara tiga dimensi. Al-autsān berhala yang terbuat dari bahan kayu, batu, tanah, dan lain-lain. Al-anshāb adalah batu yang tidak memiliki bentuk yang digunakan sebagai tempat penyembelihan binatang yang akan dipersembahkan untuk berhala-berhala. Sedangkan al-tamātsīl, segala sesuatu yang dibuat dalam bentuk seperti ciptaan manusia yang terbuat dari kayu, batu pualam, tembaga, dan kaca yang kemudian disebut patung, bahkan ada yang menyembutnya berhala. Makna dari keempat istilah tersebut dibagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu: pertama, lafaz al-ashnām, al-autsān, al-anshāb dan al-tamātsīl digunakan untuk berhala dalam bentuk fisik seperti berhala ‘Uzzā, salib, patung-patung dan lainnya. Kedua, lafaz al-ashnām dan al-autsān, digunakan untuk berhala dalam non-fisik, yaitu segala sesuatu yang dapat memalingkan diri dari Allah swt.
Konsep Persatuan dalam Al-Qur'an dan Relevansinya dengan Pancasila Sila Ketiga
Authors: Ukhra Siti Nazlatul , Zulihafnani Zulihafnani
Published: March 2022

Muslims have a way of life, namely the Qur'an. In addition, Indonesian Muslims also have another guideline to be used as a guide in the life of the state and society, namely Pancasila. One of the precepts of Pancasila is the Unity of Indonesia. These two rules for Indonesian Muslims require a study of the relevance between the values of unity in the Qur'an and the values of unity contained in the third Pancasila principle. This paper aims to find the relevance of these two rules. This library research uses the maudhu'i method, namely interpreting the verses of the Qur'an thematically or discussing certain themes. Data collection is done by collecting related verses using Mu'jam al-Mufahras li Alfaz al-Qur'an al-Karim. Furthermore, the understanding of writer on these verses based on the interpretation of mufassir and from other references. Based on the results of the research, it is known that the difference is a form of gift and mercy from Allah SWT and to prove the power of Allah. The author also finds several verses of the Qur'an that discuss the concept of unity in fullness. Likewise with the explanation of the third Pancasila principle of unity. The values of unity contained in Pancasila do not conflict with the values of unity contained in the Qur'an. Umat muslim memiliki pedoman hidup yaitu al-Qur’an. Di samping itu, muslim Indonesia juga memiliki pedoman lain untuk dijadikan panduan dalam kehidupan bernegara dan bermasyarakat, yaitu Pancasila. Salah satu sila Pancasila adalah Persatuan Indonesia. Dua aturan yang dihadapkan kepada umat muslim Indonesia ini, memerlukan kajian relevansi antara nilai-nilai persatuan dalam al-Qur’an dan nilai-nilai persatuan yang terkandung dalam Pancasila sila ketiga. Tulisan ini bertujuan menemukan relevansi pada dua aturan tersebut. Penelitian kepustakaan ini menggunakan metode maudhu’i yaitu menafsirkan ayat al-Qur’an secara tematik atau yang membahas tema-tema tertentu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan ayat-ayat yang terkait menggunakan Mu’jam al-Mufahras li Alfaz al-Qur’an al-Karim. Selanjutnya, penulis memahami ayat-ayat tersebut berdasarkan penafsiran para mufasir dan dari referensi lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa perbedaan yang ada adalah anugerah dan rahmat dari Allah Swt dan untuk membuktikan kekuasaan Allah. Penulis juga mendapatkan beberapa ayat al-Qur’an yang membahas tentang konsep persatuan secara lengkap. Begitu juga dengan penjelasan dari Pancasila sila ketiga tentang persatuan. Nilai-nilai persatuan yang terkandung dalam Pancasila tidak bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai persatuan yang ada dalam al-Qur’an.
IMPLEMENTASI AKAD WAKALAH PADA PEMESANAN MAKANAN MELALUI GO-FOOD
Authors: Praswati Ismi Budi
Published: March 2022

AbstractBank Indonesia established an alternative payment through electronic payment and was strengthened by the issuance of Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 19/8/PBI/2017 Concerning the National Payment Gateway. However, Bank Indonesia felt it was necessary to further reform the policy. In addition, since the National Payment Gate is a New problem that arises, there is no legal provision yet. In this case, it is necessary to have are view of the problems to determine the validity of the problem. This Research is aqualitative literary study (literature). Data an analysis uses non-statistical analysis, namely descriptive analysis. Sources of data obtained are from secondary data sources where there is primary legal material. While data collection techniques use documentation techniques. The results of this study indicate that in Bank Indonesia Regulation No19/8/PBI/2017 Regarding the National Payment Gate there are several Institutions including standard institutions, switching agencies, and service agencies. The National Payment Gate is a payment system structure created by Bank Indonesia that supports the good in the human view it self. This shows that the National Payment Gate is in line with human reason and sharia law. Maá¹£laá¸¥ah mursalah in this National Payment Gate is to improve the payment system and maintain economic stability and which is a form to protect citizens in the field of economic law.Keywords: Indonesian bank regulations; National Payment Gate; Maslahah Mursalah.Â AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan permasalahan yang kemugkinan yang terjadi diluar perjanjian antara lain pembatalan customer sebelum driver membelikanÂ  makanan yang mengakibatkan kerugian berupa tenaga, waktu untuk mengantre dan bahan bakar, makanan yang diantarkan oleh driver kadang tidak sesuai pesanan dan biaya parkir yang dibebankan pada driver selaku wakil. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif lapangan dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menggambarkan kondisi atau fenomena dalam kehidupan atau kenyataan yang sebenarnya. Dalam hal ini objek penelitian adalah driver dan customer Go-food di Soloraya untuk mendapatkan data tentang hak dan kewajiban yang tak terlepas dari resiko danÂ  tanggung jawab masing-masing pihak. Data relevan yang diperoleh akan dianalisis menggunakan teori wakÄlah. Kesimpulan bahwa transaksi dalam layanan pemesanan makanan melalui Go-Food pada aplikasi Go-Jek dari rukun telah sesuai dan sah dalam syariat Islam. Namun pada dinamika di luar kemungkinan yang terjadi seperti pembatalan pesanan dan perbedaan pesanan dengan realita yang diantarkan kepada customer serta resiko uang parkir ditanggung oleh driver, pada syarat rukunnya belum memenuhi dikarenakan driver sebagai pihak wakil menanggung lebih banyak resiko didalamnya.Kata kunci: Driver; Customer; WakÄlah; Go-Food.
PERUBAHAN PERATURAN MENTERI AGAMA (PMA) NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG KETENTUAN WALI NASAB DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Janah Latifah Nur
Published: March 2022

AbstractAmendments To The Regulation Of The Minister Of Religion (PMA) Number 19 Of 2018 Concerning With Provisoin Of The Customers Of Islamic Legal Perspectives. This article discusses the changes in the Minister of Religion's Regulation (PMA) regarding the conditions of a nasab guardian's conditions in marriage, which eliminates the minimum age requirement for age and independence. The terms of independence are considered to be incompatible with the times. As for the changes that occurred regarding balig reviewed using the opinion of Islamic scholars, the opinions of experts in psychology, as well as positive law in Indonesia. According to Imam Hanafi, the age of age is 18 for men, while 17 for women. According to Imam Shafi'i the age limit for men is 15 years while for women 9 years. Imam Hambali provides a limit of 15 years for men and hayá¸ for women. Meanwhile, according to Imam Malik, namely the growth of hair in several members of the body. According to experts balig began at the age of 14-17 years in the puberty period and 17-21 years in the adolensation period. According to Law Number 1 of 1974, it is legal for men, 19 years and 16 years for women. Whereas the Compilation of Islamic Law is 16 years old. The difference from the following opinions makes there is no definite measure of when someone has been old. This type of research is a qualitative literary study with data analysis techniques, descriptive analytic.Keywords: Nasab Guardian; Islamic Law; Baligh.Â AbstrakPerubahan Peraturan Menteri Agama (PMA) Nomor 19 TahunÂ  2018 Tentang Ketentuan Wali Nasab Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam. Artikel ini membahas mengenai perubahan yang ada pada Peraturan Menteri Agama (PMA) perihal ketentuan syarat seorang wali nasab dalam pernikahan, dimana menghapuskan syarat minimal usia balig dan merdeka. Syarat merdeka dianggap telah tidak sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Adapun perubahan yang terjadi mengenai balig diulas menggunakan pendapat ulama madzhab, pendapat dari para pakar psikologi, serta hukum positif Indonesia. Menurut Imam Hanafi balig bagi laki-laki yaitu 18 tahun sedangkan 17 tahun bagi perempuan. Menurut Imam Syafi'i batasan balig bagi laki-laki adalah 15 tahun sedangkan perempuan 9 tahun. Imam Hambali memberikan batasan 15 tahun bagi laki-laki dan hayá¸ bagi perempuan. Sedangkan menurut Imam Malik yaitu tumbuhnya rambut dibeberapa anggota tubuh. Menurut para pakar balig dimulai pada umur 14-17 tahun pada periode pubertas dan 17-21 tahun pada periode adolensesi. Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 balig untuk laki-laki yaitu 19 tahun dan 16 tahun bagi perempuan. Sedangkan Kompilasi Hukum Islam berumur 16 tahun. Perbedaan dari pendapat-pendapat berikut membuat tidak ada ukuran pasti kapan seseorang telah balig. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif literer dengan teknik analisis data, deskriptif analitik.Kata kunci: Wali nasab; Hukum Islam; Baligh.
Impact of simulation training on the management of shoulder dystocia and the incidence of permanent brachial plexus birth injury in Helsinki University Women’s Hospital: an observational study
Authors: Kaijomaa Marja , Gissler Mika , Ayras Outi , Sten Assi , Grahn-Sharar Petra
Published: March 2022

Objective: To study the impact of shoulder dystocia (SD) simulation
training on the SD management and the incidence of permanent brachial
plexus birth injury (BPBI). Design: Retrospective observational study
Setting: Helsinki University Women’s Hospital, Finland Sample:
Deliveries with SD Methods: Multi-professional, regular and systematic
simulation training for obstetric emergencies began in 2015 and SD was
one of the main themes. A study was conducted to assess changes in SD
management and the incidence of permanent BPBI. The study period was
from 2010 to 2019; years 2010–2014 were considered the pre-training
period and 2015–2019 the post-training period. Main outcome measures:
The primary outcome measure was the incidence of permanent BPBI after
the implementation of systematic simulation training. Also changes in
the SD management were analysed. Results: During the study period,
113,085 vertex deliveries were recorded. The incidence of major SD risk
factors (gestational diabetes, induction of labour, vacuum extraction)
increased and was significantly higher for each of these (p
<0.001) during the post-training period. The incidence of SD
also increased significantly (0.01 vs 0.3%, p <0.001) during
the study period, but the number of children with permanent BPBI
decreased dramatically after the implementation of systematic simulation
training (0.04 vs 0.02%, p <0.001). The most significant
change in the management of SD was increased incidence of a successful
delivery of the posterior arm. Conclusions: Systematic simulation-based
training of midwives and doctors can translate into an improved
individual and team performance and significantly reduce the incidence
of permanent BPBI.
Parametric Biodigital Inspired Tessellation for Mass Customized Digital Fabrication
Authors: Riekstins Arne
Published: March 2022

This paper researches the limits of repeating patterns that tesselate in a more artistic way for architectural application that is not limited to creating regular triangular, rectangular or hexagonal pieces with decorative purpose and sole material usage. Digitally parametric modeling and CAD-CAM paradigm with input-output sensorial microcontrollers, have brought the possibility to explore the limits of mixing up manual and automatized fabrication techniques with the infinite geometrical potential, implementing AI features. The applied research is being materialized into a mixed technique grayscale concrete floor-tiling prototype featuring concepts of passive flame-imitated indirect red light to enhance health benefits (Arduino microcontroller operated) and zero-waste manufacturing by carrying out CNC milling positive cast to a rubber mold to create an exact amount of geometrically matching pieces needed for the design.
Distortion of electric field homogeneity between two thin toroidal electrodes by a dielectric sphere
Authors: Mancic Zaklina , Petkovic Bojana , Cvetkovic Zlata
Published: March 2022

We assess the influence of a radius and a relative permittivity of an
isotropic dielectric sphere on electric field homogeneity. The homogenous
electric field is generated using two thin toroidal electrodes, charged by
equal charges of opposite signs. The Poisson equation is solved by a method
of separation of variables. Increase in a relative permittivity of the
sphere and in its radius, produces more distortions of the electric field
homogeneity.
Den livsfarliga helhetslösningens lockelse
Authors: Wickström Johan
Published: March 2022

"I en samtid präglad av en alltmer specialiserad och svårtillgänglig vetenskap är det befriandeatt läsa texter som presenterar ”livsfarliga helhetslösningar” på brännande frågor. Vad ska viha den högre utbildningen till och vad som kännetecknar en god utbildning?"
Läs bokrecensionen av: Paul Ashwin (2020-2021) Transforming University Education - A Manifesto
Bloomsbury Academic. 176 p.
Rysslands konservativa vändning och den globala anti-genusrörelsen
Authors: Edenborg Emil
Published: March 2022

The amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation adoped after a 2020 referendum included a constitutional ban on same-sex marriage. This is a recent manifestation of the turn to ‘traditional values’ in Russian politics and society, the best-known expression of which is the 2013 ban on ‘propaganda for non-traditional sexual orientation’. This development cannot be understood as solely reflecting ‘traditional’ attitudes of the Russian population, nor as a backlash against LGBTQ activism. The turn to ‘traditional values’ must be considered in the context of a global pattern of increased pro-family mobilization, which opposes LGBTQ rights, feminism and the alleged undermining of gender as biologically determined and strictly binary – described by researchers as ‘anti-gender mobilization’. Traditionalist politics in Russia should be analysed in a transnational and international perspective, but conservative mobilization is not a monolithic phenomenon. Using the concept of ‘discourse coalition’ developed by Maarten Hajer, I show how the identification of shared storylines enables a range of actors to act in similar ways, sometimes coordinating their actions, despite ideological, religious or strategic disagreements, on the domestic as well as the global arena.
The Cultural Is Political: Intersections of Russian Art and State Politics
Authors: Skvirskaja Vera
Published: March 2022

The Cultural Is Political. Intersections of Russian Art and State Politics, edited by Irina Anisimova and Ingunn Lunde, is an edited volume dealing with various political ideologies and the ambiguous nature of cultural practices in contemporary Russia. The volume is a good introduction to a range of topics in the field of Russian studies.
The Cultural Is Political. Intersections of Russian Art and State Politics redigeret av Irina Anisimova og Ingunn Lunde er en artikelsamling, der fokuserer på diverse politiske ideologier og de tvetydige kulturelle former og praksisser i nutidens Rusland. Artikelsamlingen er en god introduktion til russiskstudieområdet.
Rysk november. En intervjuresa i nordvästligsta Ryssland
Authors: Mohr Bernhard L.
Published: March 2022

Rysk november. En intervjuresa i nordvästligsta Ryssland er en reiseskildring fra Kola-halvøya og Karelen i Russland, der forfatteren beskriver egne møter underveis med representanter for både sivilsamfunnet og det offentlige. Boka er lettlest og engasjerende, og egner seg for alle som er interessert i samfunnsutviklingen i Russland og arktiske spørsmål.
Rysk november. En intervjuresa i nordvästligsta Ryssland is a travelogue from the Kola Peninsula and Karelia in Russia, where the author describes his own meetings along the way with representatives of both civil society and the public sector. The book is easy to read and engaging, and suitable for anyone interested in the development of Russian society and the Arctic.
Contemporary, decadal, and millennial-scale permafrost- and vegetation dynamics and carbon release in an alpine region of Jotunheimen, Norway
Authors:   , Hallang Helen
Published: March 2022

Climatic warming in northern alpine regions facilitates the thawing of permafrost, the associated release of soil carbon into the atmosphere, and the altitudinal shifts in vegetation patterns. Here, a multi-disciplinary approach is adopted to investigate the response of an alpine permafrost landscape (Jotunheimen, Norway, with focus on Galdhøpiggen) to climatic changes over long- to medium timescales. First, a gas analyser is used to explore how ecosystem respiration is affected by ecosystem (soil and vegetation) and geomorphological (cryogenic disturbance) factors during the peak growing season. A palaeoecological record is then analysed to infer the past dynamics of the alpine tree lines and the lower limit of permafrost on Galdhøpiggen over the millennial- and centennial scales. Finally, remotely sensed satellite imagery is combined with observed air temperatures to create a model that provides an estimation of land surface temperatures over the past six decades. The model is then used to predict surface ‘greenness’ over the same period. Palynological evidence from Galdhøpiggen indicates that the altitudinal limits of alpine tree lines have shifted by hundreds of metres in response to climatic changes over the millennial scale. Since 1957, the model predictions indicate substantial increases in land surface temperatures and growing season surface ‘greenness’ (i.e., vegetation abundance) in Jotunheimen, but the change has not been spatially uniform. The highest increases were recorded over the low- and mid-alpine heaths above the tree line (1050-1500 m a.s.l.), which was attributed to increased shrub cover. This trend could facilitate carbon release from the ground, as peak growing season ecosystem respiration was found to be most strongly controlled by soil microclimate and plant growth forms. The likely future scenario in response to warming in Jotunheimen will be continued permafrost degradation, with higher altitudes (≥1500 m a.s.l.) experiencing decreased cryoturbation, increased shrub encroachment and higher surface CO2 emissions.
Rescate histórico de la obra de Bonifacio Rojas Ramírez, compositor, director de orquesta y pedagogo michoacano
Authors: Hernández Prado Alonso
Published: March 2022

En un afán de contribuir al rescate histórico de compositores mexicanos de calidad, el presente artículo aporta elementos sobre la vida y obra del maestro Bonifacio Rojas Ramírez, oriundo del estado de Michoacán, México. A pesar de haber construido una sólida carrera como compositor, director, organista y pedagogo, inmerecidamente solo tiene reconocimiento regional. En el primer apartado se describe de forma breve lo que varios investigadores han catalogado y divulgado sobre la obra del maestro Rojas Ramírez; después se ofrece una sucinta biografía del compositor michoacano; posteriormente se analiza el primer movimiento de la Sinfonía Herencia tarasca (p´urhépecha), quizá la obra más significativa del maestro Rojas.
PERBANDINGAN KONTRAK JUAL BELI ELEKTRONIK MENURUT HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Arso Dimas Dwi , Edytiawarman Edytiawarman , Muljono Slamet
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the provisions of Islamic Law in buying and selling transactions in electronic contracts as well as legal protection of the parties in buying and selling transactions via electronic. Normative legal research is used in this study, because this research will examine and analyze various laws and regulations concerning sale and purchase agreements made via electronic based on positive law and Islamic law. The results of the research, namely agreements or transactions electronically in Indonesia, have generally been regulated by positive law, in particular the provisions regarding the engagement set out in Book III of the Civil Code and the Agreement in general, and are regulated in the electronic information and transaction regulation. Whereas in the applicable Islamic law in Indonesia, although this electronic transaction is not specifically regulated, the rules contained in Islamic law can be accommodated in terms of electronic transactions. However, in practice in the field there may be deficiencies related to electronic transaction activities, for example regarding legal protection for consumers / buyers. For this reason, it is necessary to make more specific regulations related to legal protection in terms of electronic transactions, considering that the electronic trading system is always increasing its transaction activities and it is necessary to establish an association of merchants / sellers electronically, especially sellers who use social networking media, so that parties merchand is more detectable.
KEADILAN RESTORATIF DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Fatahillah
Published: March 2022

Pancasila is the ground fundamental norm as the ultimate source of law in Indonesia. Based on that concept, the establishment of National Legal System shall be based on values contained in the Pancasila. One of the reforms of legal system is the establishment of restorative justice. Restorative justice is the concept where in solving criminal law matters, all related parties shall be involved. Restorative justice is the implementation of Pancasila values in the criminal justice system. The problems discussed in this paper is the urgency restorative justice concept in criminal justice system in reflecting Pancasila values. In terms of existing regulation, restorative justice is merely regulated in The Act of Juvenile Justice System (UU SPPA), the Police Commissioner’s Regulation Number 6 of 2019, and the General Attorney Regulation Number 5 of 2020. However, the implementation in practices, restorative justice still has many weaknesses, including the diversion provision. By discussion restorative justice and Pancasila, it can be stated that restorative justice aims to create social justice for everyone involved in a criminal law case and form a cultural mediation in the system. In short, restorative justice is one of crucial concepts in implementing Pancasila values.
AN EXPLORATION TO CHRISTIANITY TEACHING CONCERNING PENAL MEDIATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rumbay Christar Arstilo , Wiryadinata Halim
Published: March 2022

Civil court justice shares the nature of mediation as part of litigation process. However, criminal procedure code does not accommodate penal mediation by litigation and non-litigation process. Therefore, penal mediation is considered as an Alternative Dispute Resolution in criminal law. This article attempts to build conversation between jurisprudence and theology, especially speaking the nature of mediatorship of Christian teaching that could be considered as beneficial donates for future penal mediation in criminal law in Indonesia. This research is qualitative work. Literatures, articles, books and related references will receive attention. In conclusion, penal mediation applies to litigation and non-litigation tract, the state should conduct its implementation, modern law maintains its legacy, Christology serves the initiation, and penal mediation pursues restorative justice.
PARAMETER KEYAKINAN HAKIM DALAM MEMUTUS PERKARA PIDANA
Authors: Triantono Triantono , Marizal Muhammad
Published: March 2022

According to Article 183 of the Criminal Procedure Code, a judge may not impose a sentence on a person unless he has at least two valid evidence and he is convinced that a criminal act actually occurred and that the defendant was guilty of committing it. In this context there are at least two means of evidence and belief must be applied cumulatively based on the negative evidence theory (negative wettelijk bewijs theorie) adopted in Indonesia. The word two means of evidence refers to the parameter that there must be at least two pieces of evidence from the four pieces of evidence that have been determined limitatifly based on Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code, but the problem is that there is no clear measure (parameter) regarding the judge's conviction. The results of the study concluded that the judge's confidence parameters consisted of formal parameters and material parameters. Formal parameters are very much determined by formal evidence as stipulated in law and jurisprudence. Meanwhile, material actors have a freer character not only to see formal procedural facts but also to juridical, sociological, and philosophical aspects.
STATUS HUKUM KEUANGAN PERSEROAN TERBATAS (PERSERO) BERDASARKAN TEORI BADAN HUKUM DAN TEORI TRANSFORMASI KEUANGAN
Authors: Debby Debby
Published: March 2022

The lack of understanding about public finance and private finance will affect the procedures for the management and accountability of a finance. Based on Article 2 letter g Law Number 17 of 2003, separated state assets which are used as capital participation (in this case money) in Limited Liability Companies (Persero) are part of state finance. This is not in line with the theory of legal entities and the theory of financial transformation. Based on that, this paper aims to explain the financial legal status of Limited Liability Companies (Persero) based on the theory of legal entities and the theory of financial transformation. This research is in the form of juridical-normative. The data used is secondary data consisting of primary and secondary legal materials. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative methods and the form of the results of this study was prescriptive analysis. Based on the theory of legal entities, a Limited Liability Company (Persero) is a private legal entity that has private power that can take provate legal actions and is subject to the provisions of private law. Based on the theory of financial transformation, the legal status of finance changes (transform) as a result of the legal action of transferring and separating finances from one legal subject to another. The transformation of the financial legal status causes changes in rights and obligations in the control and ownership of money in a legal entity so that management, responsibility and risk are under the new legal subjects.
KEUTAMAAN WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION ATAS REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS DALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Sulistyo A.D. Agung
Published: March 2022

The economic and political needs of countries in the world have provided a strong basis for the birth of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This need has also prompted many countries to form preferential agreements such as the Regional Trade Agreement (RTA). A clash between the two international trading systems is inevitable, there is the ambiguity of the relationship and inconsistency of views held, such as in discriminatory and non-discriminatory approaches. Doctrinal research was conducted to find out which agreement should take precedence over the two legal regimes. This paper concludes that international legal provisions favor the WTO Agreement over preferential agreements such as the RTA. Thus, an RTA that does not conform to the WTO legal regime should be considered contradictory.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI PADA PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA PENCUCIAN UANG
Authors: Listawati Listawati
Published: March 2022

Law Number 8 Year 2010 concerning Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering Act (UU TPPU) has stipulates that criminal liability shall not only apply to natural persons but also legal entities and non-legal entities. In practice, corporate criminal liability has only been applied in the case of money laundering crimes committed by PT. Beringin Bangun Utama. This paper is intended to determine the regulation of corporate criminal liability based on the Money Laundering Law and its application in the case of PT. Beringin Bangun Utama. This study uses a normative method with 3 (three) approaches, namely the statutory approach, the case approach, and the conceptual approach. The results of the research conclude that corporate criminal liability in money laundering cases uses the doctrine of identification where to be able to impose criminal responsibility on corporations, law enforcement must be able to identify that those who commit (actus reus) are controlling personnel (directing mind or controlling mind). Furthermore, the intention or the attitude of the heart of guilt (mens rea) in the the doctrine of identification can be determined if the crime is committed in the context of providing benefits to the corporation.
AS LINHAS ALTERNATIVAS DO PRONAF EM SANTA CATARINA: ALCANCES E LIMITES
Authors: Fossá Juliano Luiz , Badalotti Rosana Maria , Tonezer Cristiane
Published: March 2022

A política pública do PRONAF a partir do Plano Safra 2003/2004 passou a disponibilizar um conjunto de linhas de crédito para áreas específicas no interior da agricultura familiar. Neste sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é apresentar o acesso e a distribuição dessas linhas alternativas do PRONAF no estado de Santa Catarina no período compreendido entre 2013 e 2018. Em termos metodológicos, o estudo contou com uma revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa dos dados relativos ao crédito rural junto ao Banco Central do Brasil. Quanto aos resultados, apesar de considerar esse conjunto de linhas de financiamentos, - neste trabalho denominadas de alternativas -, um processo inovador, em termos de desempenho em número de contratos, volume de recursos e amplitude, tais linhas apresentaram resultados inexpressivos ao comparado com as linhas tradicionais do programa. Os principais argumentos levantados para explicar esse resultado foram: i) baixo número de agricultores familiares envolvidos na produção orgânica e agroecológica, bem como atração, entraves e subsídios de tais linhas de financiamento; ii) as relações de poder no interior da família ainda impedem um maior acesso de jovens e mulheres no programa em linhas específicas; iii) os agentes bancários não incentivam e “preferem” centrar suas operações nas linhas tradicionais; iv) frágil articulação das organizações sociais da agricultura familiar em torno do apoio desses públicos para acesso a tais linhas de financiamentos.
Mollusk loves: Becoming with native and introduced land snails in the Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Galka Jonathan
Published: March 2022

Hawaiian island land snails once represented one of the most diverse archipelagic evolutionary radiations. Historically, indigenous Hawaiians (Kānaka maoli) and Westerners also heard some snails (kāhuli) sing. Today, most of these species are extinct or endangered. One major cause has been the intentional mid-20th century introduction of a land snail, Euglandina rosea, for the biological control of another mollusk, Lissachatina fulica. In this article, I join efforts of noticing and engaging landscapes of the situated Anthropocene with the goal of demonstrating the potential for mollusks to be dynamic alliance-forming companions. In articulating methods of becoming with snails, I pass kāhuli through Western and Kānaka maoli knowledge-making projects. First considering the evolutionary biological work of John Gulick and his counterparts to genealogize contemporary snail-love, I then elaborate on what care and hope might mean with Pacific Island land snails living through ongoing environmental dispossession and alteration. I then reconsider Euglandina on parallel conceptual terms, engaging natural historical and laboratory accounts to think with the introduced mollusk beyond its categorization as ‘alien invader’. Loving Euglandina as well as kāhuli may help realize livable futures for indigenous and introduced Hawaiian island mollusks alike, in a world hopefully full of snail-song.
Transmedia Narrative in Chinese Literary Network Discourse (Online Novel “Founder of Devil’s Way”)
Authors: Wang Zh. , Dai X.
Published: March 2022

The issue of new forms of storytelling that have emerged due to the convergence of the media is considered. It is noted that cross-media narration is formed due to the fact that a particular work is widely popular among users of network platforms. It is shown that the owners of the latter acquire the rights to works that have a large readership, since at present the number of subscribers, fans is a marker of potential commercial success. On the example of the online novel “The Founder of the Way of the Devil” by Masyan Tongsiu, it is shown that modern users are of great interest not only in the content of the text, but also in the transformation of the original work into animation, film and television dramas, and games. In addition, the authors raise the problem of the place of tanbi in the field of traditional culture. The authors come to the conclusion that, on the one hand, tanbi is popular with online writers and young readers, and is a commercially successful literature. On the other hand, due to the appeal to the topic of same-sex love, as well as due to the low quality of many works, this type of narrative causes an ambiguous attitude among society and authorities. It is argued that the future of network literature is seen behind transmedia narration.
Magic of Words: Lexemes with Semantics ‘Spell’ and ‘to Spell’ in Vepsian (Etymological-Semantic and Linguo-Geographical Aspects)
Authors: Zhukova O. Yu. , Zaitseva N. G.
Published: March 2022

A comparative analysis of the Veps language lexemes with the semantics ‘spell’ (puheg, puitoomine), as well as verbs with the meaning ‘to spell; pronounce incantations. The relevance of the study is due to the significance of the spell tradition for the worldview of the Vepsian people and the possibility of identifying the semantic and etymological features of the vocabulary group associated with this sphere of life. The names of the concept of “spell” (puheg, puitoomine) are analyzed, where the lexeme puheg, unlike the Russian term spell (< to spell < to speak), is associated not with speaking, but with a kind of “blowing” words from the mouth in the process of speaking. It is known from the literature, about a similar phenomenon that is characteristic of one of the Russian dialects of the Komi Republic (blowing words), about which the authors of this article believe that it may be a kind of tracing paper from the Baltic-Finnish languages, in which such a phenomenon is represented more widely, although they do not exclude and some universality in the development of languages. In the presented author's development, attention is paid to the etymology and semantic nuances of the lexemes sana and vajeh with the meaning ‘word’, one of which (sana) also intersects with the magic of the words of the world of spells in its semantics. The etymological aspects of the verbs of “magical action” (puhuda, puiteida, otvedaida) are analyzed in the study, where both original stems and borrowings from the Russian language are manifested. Linguistic maps illustrate the breadth of distribution of the analyzed terms in the dialects of the Vepsian.
Death that Came to Holiday, in Stories of E.A. Poe, I. Bunin and V. Nabokov
Authors: Lebedeva V. Yu.
Published: March 2022

The results of a comparative analysis of “The Mask of the Red Death” by E. A. Poe, “The Gentleman from San Francisco” by I. Bunin and “The Wing Blow” by V. Nabokov are presented in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that it allows shedding additional light on the Russian reception of E. A. Poe, identifying a number of intertextual echoes, and also contributing to the development of literary thanatology. The author notes that the works show an attempt to escape from death on the “island of pleasure”, doomed to failure. The chronotope of the holiday, which is dominated by mortality, is studied in detail. It is argued that the characters are united not only by their material status, but also by their spiritual one: the authors pose the problems of metaphysical decay, life-sleep, tabooing of death, apostasy, and the proximity of the infernal. It is shown that death in the stories is a subject interacting with people in one way or another, but its “character” in the stories is different. It is proved that the writers also turn to the biblical discourse, focusing on the eschatological aspect. It concludes that the author's intentions are very similar, each story can be read as a parable, and “The Beat of the Wing” turns out to be a kind of “connecting node” between them.
Specificity of Author’s Modality and Representation of Russia’s Image in Claudia Erdheim’s Book “Früher war alles besser”: an Austrian View
Authors: Sharypina T. A. , Kazakova P. D. , Egorova V. N.
Published: March 2022

The reception of a foreign cultural (Russian) code by the European (Austrian) literary consciousness on the problematic, stylistic and lexical levels are studied in the article. The main trend characteristic for the representation of the image of Russia in the book by Claudia Erdheim is revealed: a retrospective look into the “bright past”. It is emphasized that the refrain phrase “Früher war alles besser” in the title has a symbolic meaning. Five mini-stories were analyzed. Attention is paid to the stereotypes of the Russian mass consciousness. Political stereotypes, ethical canons are studied in the perception of the author-narrator. It is argued that the antinomy of the Western way of thinking and the Russian mentality is the prevailing motive in the work under study. It is proved that the problem of the Russian-Austrian cultural dialogue is realized through the prism of the fundamental components of the Austrian mentality Einfühlung (feeling) and Gemütlichkeit (comfort, tranquility). Among the mental clichés of the narrator, stereotyped ideas about the Russian character (“broad soul”, “Russian scope”, “Russian maybe”, “longing”) are found. The book by K. Erdheim is a vivid example of the representation of the “Other” / “Alien” ideas about the “Other” national character and recreates the image of the Russian people in its artistic system.