bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reescrituras de los procesos por brujería de Salem en la literatura popular actual
Authors: Gutiérrez Rodríguez Marta María
Published: November 2016

Los procesos por brujería que tuvieron lugar en Salem (Massachusetts) en el año 1692 han sido objeto de gran interés por parte de los historiadores y de los autores de ficción, aunque no suceda lo mismo en la literatura crítica sobre su presencia en el ámbito literario. Muchas novelas históricas han utilizado este acontecimiento histórico como parte de sus argumentos. Pero no solamente la ficción histórica más canónica se ha ocupado de esta famosa caza de brujas; géneros populares como la novela romántica, la fantasía, la ciencia ficción y la novela de detectives han creado versiones literarias de la caza de brujas de Salem debido en gran parte a la falta de acuerdo sobre lo que realmente sucedió en Salem. El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar cómo este acontecimiento histórico se ha introducido en la literatura popular actual con el fin de mostrar el interés que aún hoy en día sigue despertando y reivindicar la elaboración de más estudios centrados en la construcción literaria de uno de los acontecimientos históricos que más huella ha dejado en la mentalidad norteamericana.
Análisis del Mito de Gaia y de la perspectiva ecocrítica en Avatar, de James Cameron
Authors: Mezquita Fernández María Antonia
Published: November 2016

Es bien sabido que la cultura popular contiene una gran variedad de mitos. En el mundo que el cineasta James Cameron plasmó en el film Avatar resulta sencillo distinguir una representación del Mito de Gaia. Sin embargo, el film también puede ser analizado desde una perspectiva ecocrítica. Por ende, el siguiente artículo analizará, mediante una revisión de dicho mito y también de las hipótesis de James Lovelock, cómo Gaia está presente en el planeta Pandora y es perfectamente reconocible en la figura de Eywa. Basándonos en la ecocrítica, veremos que la visión del planeta Pandora es aquella donde prima la defensa del universo natural y de los Na’vi, que, como grupo más débil y oprimido, logrará superar las adversidades y vencer los intereses de una sociedad moderna que busca extraer recursos naturales a cualquier precio.
El mito de la masculinidad y su evolución a lo largo del siglo XX en Marvel Comics
Authors: Rodríguez Moreno José Joaquín
Published: November 2016

Los personajes masculinos fueron los protagonistas principales de Marvel Comics durante el siglo XX. Dichos personajes mostraban algunas características de forma persistente que ayudaron a fraguar un mito de la masculinidad. A pesar de esto, dicho mito evolucionó a partir de 1961, ampliando los estrechos márgenes de la masculinidad. Los objetivos de este artículo son, en primer lugar, entender cuál fue el mensaje que lanzaba dicho mito, cómo afectaba a los hombres en función de si eran jóvenes, adultos o ancianos, y en qué modo cambió con el paso del tiempo. En segundo lugar, nos proponemos entender las transformaciones sociales, económicas y productivas que ayudaron a desarrollar un nuevo mito de la masculinidad. Para lograr esto, vamos a estudiar algo más de un centenar de publicaciones de Marvel Comics publicadas entre los años 1940 y 2000, analizando desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Culturales los arquetipos presentados. Entre las conclusiones a las que hemos llegado cabe destacar la existencia de un modelo patriarcal de masculinidad que sobrevivió sin problemas hasta 1960 debido a una mezcla de factores políticos, económicos y productivos, si bien los importantes cambios en la producción de cómics experimentada en las oficinas de Marvel durante 1961 condujeron a que dicho modelo dejase de ser el único existente; a esto ayudaron en los años sesenta y setenta los importantes problemas políticos, económicos y sociales que sacudieron los Estados Unidos. A pesar de todo ello, no podemos afirmar que el mito de la masculinidad evolucionara de una manera irreversible e imparable, antes al contrario, existió una relación dialéctica entre un nuevo y un viejo mito de masculinidad.
Esuli e aggressori che vengono dal mare: la costruzione dell’immagine dello straniero nelle Supplici di Eschilo
Authors: Seveso Gabriella
Published: November 2016

Il contributo analizza la costruzione dell’immagine dello straniero nelle Supplici di Eschilo. Dapprima lo straniero suscita curiosità e fascinazione, poi invece ispira inquietudine e rifiuto, diventando ‘barbaro’, appartenente a una cultura incivile. Inoltre, l’autore dell’opera utilizza lo sguardo dell’Altro per definire apologeticamente la propria cultura e la propria democrazia. L’analisi della tragedia ci spinge a riflettere e a cercare di essere più consapevoli di come ci relazioniamo alle culture altre e come noi costruiamo l’immagine dell’altro anche nell’epoca attuale.
Comunismo platónico: Revisión crítica de un proyecto utópico y político-social en la Atenas del siglo V a. C.
Authors: Martínez Chico David
Published: November 2016

En este trabajo estudiamos el «comunismo» platónico como un proyecto utópico que nunca se llevó a la práctica. Se analiza el mal denominado comunismo platónico y su forzada relación con el comunismo moderno, que desarrollamos en profundidad. Junto a ello, tomamos perspectivas de autores modernos y se intenta comparar el comunismo platónico con el marxismo, buscando su origen y su causa, así como sus aspectos socio-políticos. Además, tenemos en cuenta el contexto histórico en el que apareció: la Atenas del siglo V a. C.
Analisis Perbandingan Unjuk Kerja Sistem Penyeimbang Beban Web Server dengan HAProxy dan Pound Links
Authors: Ardian Dite , Fatchur Rochim Adian , Didik Widianto Eko
Published: November 2016

The development of internet technology has many organizations that expanded service website. Initially used single web server that is accessible to everyone through the Internet, but when the number of users that access the web server is very much the traffic load to the web server and the web server anyway. It is necessary for the optimization of web servers to cope with the overload received by the web server when traffic is high. Methodology of this final project research include the study of literature, system design, and testing of the system. Methods from the literature reference books related as well as from several sources the internet. The design of this thesis uses Haproxy and Pound Links as a load balancing web server. The end of this reaserch is testing the network system, where the system will be tested this stage so as to create a web server system that is reliable and safe. The result is a web server system that can be accessed by many user simultaneously rapidly as load balancing Haproxy and Pound Links system which is set up as front-end web server performance so as to create a web server that has performance and high availability.
Purwarupa Sistem Pemantau dan Peringatan Kadar Gas Karbon Monoksida (CO) pada Kabin Mobil Berbasis Mikrokontroler ATMega8
Authors: Perdana Anggit , Fatchur Rochim Adian , Didik Widianto Eko
Published: November 2016

High growth in vehicle, contribute air pollution and reduce human health quality. One of pollutants that generated by motor vehicle emissions is carbon monoxide (CO). CO gas can cause health problems for humans, even if exposed to long periods time will cause death. Emission test devices have been widely available in many auto repair shops, but at the moment emission testing, only read gas source or emissions sources from the muffler hole. Cabin space usually escaped from checking, whether there is pollution that enters the cabin or not. This final project has a purpose to design a carbon monoxide detector devices which will show the levels of carbon monoxide (CO) into 4 categories of air quality,that are safe, wary, watch out, and danger. System will automatically warning the driver if the gas exceeds the threshold. Microcontroller that used as the central data processing data is microcontroller Atmega 8, by ATMEL and use gas censor TGS 2442. Design begin with a hardware schematic and software design using BASCOM-AVR. Implementation phase include the implementation of the physical device, programs, and censor. Testing phase is done by testing the tool using 3 gas source, that are cigarette smoke, motorcycle exhaust, and car exhaust. The test result showed that the highest error rate on these tool when compared with a comparable gas analyzer scott instruments is 6.46%, with 93.54% accuracy rate. This CO gas monitor hasadvantage easily portable and include three actuators, that are LCD will show the levels of CO gas, buzzer will give warning sound when gas exceeds the threshold, and the vibrating motor provide tactile warning to the user.
S
i
2
p
Authors: Miao Xiaoye , Gao Yunjun , Chen Gang , Cui Huiyong , Guo Chong , Pan Weida
Published: November 2016

The incomplete data is universal in many real-life applications due to data integration, the limitation of devices, etc. In this demonstration, we present S
i
2
p
, a restaurant recommendation System with Preference queries on Incomplete Information. S

i
2
p

is capable of friendly recommending desirable restaurants based on preference queries that take the incomplete ratings information into consideration. It adopts the browser-server model, and incorporates three functionality modules including friendly and convenient
query submission
, flexible and useful
result explanation
, timely and incremental
dataset interaction.
S

i
2
p

provides the server side based on an extended PostgreSQL database that integrates two types of preference queries, namely, skyline and top-
k
dominating queries over incomplete data. It also offers the browser-based interface for the users to interact with the system. Using a real restaurant dataset from TripAdvisor, we demonstrate S
i
2
p
can recommend and explore the restaurants in a friendly way.
Precision performance surgery for CostgreSQL
Authors: Butterstein Dennis , Grust Torsten
Published: November 2016

We demonstrate how the
compilation of SQL expressions into machine code
leads to significant query runtime improvements in PostgreSQL 9. Our primary goal is to connect recent research in query code generation with one of the most widely deployed database engines. The approach calls on LLVM to translate arithmetic and filter expressions into native x86 instructions just before SQL query execution begins. We deliberately follow a non-invasive design that does not turn PostgreSQL on its head: interpreted and compiled expression evaluation coexist and both are used to execute the same query. We will bring an enhanced version of PostgreSQL that exhibits notable runtime savings and provides visual insight into exactly where and how execution plans can benefit from SQL expression compilation.
A
moeba
Authors: Shanbhag Anil , Jindal Alekh , Lu Yi , Madden Samuel
Published: November 2016

Data partitioning significantly improves the query performance in distributed database systems. A large number of techniques have been proposed to efficiently partition a dataset for a given query workload. However, many modern analytic applications involve ad-hoc or exploratory analysis where users do not have a representative query workload upfront. Furthermore, workloads change over time as businesses evolve or as analysts gain better understanding of their data. Static workload-based data partitioning techniques are therefore not suitable for such settings.

In this paper, we describe the demonstration of A
moeba
, a distributed storage system which uses adaptive multi-attribute data partitioning to efficiently support ad-hoc as well as recurring queries. A
moeba
applies a robust partitioning algorithm such that ad-hoc queries on all attributes have similar performance gains. Thereafter, A
moeba
adaptively repartitions the data based on the observed query sequence, i.e., the system improves over time. All along A
moeba
offers both
adaptivity
(i.e., adjustments according to workload changes) as well as
robustness
(i.e., avoiding performance spikes due to workload changes). We propose to demonstrate A
moeba
on scenarios from an internet-of-things startup that tracks user driving patterns. We invite the audience to interactively fire fast ad-hoc queries, observe multi-dimensional adaptivity, and play with a robust/reactive knob in A
moeba
. The web front end displays the layout changes, runtime costs, and compares it to Spark with both default and workload-aware partitioning.
Magellan
Authors: Konda Pradap , Das Sanjib , C. Paul Suganthan G. , Doan AnHai , Ardalan Adel , Ballard Jeffrey R. , Li Han , Panahi Fatemah , Zhang Haojun , Naughton Jeff , Prasad Shishir , Krishnan Ganesh , Deep Rohit , Raghavendra Vijay
Published: November 2016

Entity matching (EM) has been a long-standing challenge in data management. Most current EM works, however, focus only on developing matching algorithms. We argue that far more efforts should be devoted to building EM systems. We discuss the limitations of current EM systems, then present Magellan, a new kind of EM systems that addresses these limitations. Magellan is novel in four important aspects. (1) It provides a how-to guide that tells users what to do in each EM scenario, step by step. (2) It provides tools to help users do these steps; the tools seek to cover the entire EM pipeline, not just matching and blocking as current EM systems do. (3) Tools are built on top of the data science stacks in Python, allowing Magellan to borrow a rich set of capabilities in data cleaning, IE, visualization, learning, etc. (4) Magellan provide a powerful scripting environment to facilitate interactive experimentation and allow users to quickly write code to "patch" the system. We have extensively evaluated Magellan with 44 students and users at various organizations. In this paper we propose demonstration scenarios that show the promise of the Magellan approach.
Large-scale complex analytics on semi-structured datasets using asterixDB and spark
Authors: Alkowaileet Wail Y. , Alsubaiee Sattam , Carey Michael J. , Westmann Till , Bu Yingyi
Published: November 2016

Large quantities of raw data are being generated by many different sources in different formats. Private and public sectors alike acclaim the valuable information and insights that can be mined from such data to better understand the dynamics of everyday life, such as traffic, worldwide logistics, and social behavior. For this reason, storing, managing, and analyzing "Big Data" at scale is getting a tremendous amount of attention, both in academia and industry. In this paper, we demonstrate the power of a parallel connection that we have built between Apache Spark and Apache AsterixDB (Incubating) to enable complex analytics such as machine learning and graph analysis on data drawn from large semi-structured data collections. The integration of these two systems allows researchers and data scientists to leverage AsterixDB capabilities, including fast ingestion and indexing of semi-structured data and efficient answering of geo-spatial and fuzzy text queries. Complex data analytics can then be performed on the resulting AsterixDB query output in order to obtain additional insights by leveraging the power of Spark's machine learning and graph libraries.
Qualitative data cleaning
Authors: Chu Xu , Ilyas Ihab F.
Published: November 2016

Data quality is one of the most important problems in data management, since dirty data often leads to inaccurate data analytics results and wrong business decisions.

Data cleaning exercise often consist of two phases: error detection and error repairing. Error detection techniques can either be quantitative or qualitative; and error repairing is performed by applying data transformation scripts or by involving human experts, and sometimes both.

In this tutorial, we discuss the main facets and directions in designing qualitative data cleaning techniques. We present a taxonomy of current qualitative error detection techniques, as well as a taxonomy of current data repairing techniques. We will also discuss proposals for tackling the challenges for cleaning "big data" in terms of scale and distribution.
Differential privacy in the wild
Authors: Machanavajjhala Ashwin , He Xi , Hay Michael
Published: November 2016

Differential privacy has emerged as an important standard for privacy preserving computation over databases containing sensitive information about individuals. Research on differential privacy spanning a number of research areas, including theory, security, database, networks, machine learning, and statistics, over the last decade has resulted in a variety of privacy preserving algorithms for a number of analysis tasks. Despite maturing research efforts, the adoption of differential privacy by practitioners in industry, academia, or government agencies has so far been rare. Hence, in this tutorial, we will first describe the foundations of differentially private algorithm design that cover the state of the art in private computation on tabular data. In the second half of the tutorial we will highlight real world applications on complex data types, and identify research challenges in applying differential privacy to real world applications.
Non-invasive progressive optimization for in-memory databases
Authors: Zeuch Steffen , Pirk Holger , Freytag Johann-Christoph
Published: November 2016

Progressive optimization introduces robustness for database workloads against wrong estimates, skewed data, correlated attributes, or outdated statistics. Previous work focuses on cardinality estimates and rely on expensive counting methods as well as complex learning algorithms.

In this paper, we utilize performance counters to drive progressive optimization during query execution. The main advantages are that performance counters introduce virtually no costs on modern CPUs and their usage enables a non-invasive monitoring. We present fine-grained cost models to detect differences between estimates and actual costs which enables us to kick-start reoptimization. Based on our cost models, we implement an optimization approach that estimates the individual selectivities of a multi-selection query efficiently. Furthermore, we are able to learn properties like sortedness, skew, or correlation during run-time.

In our evaluation we show, that the overhead of our approach is negligible, while performance improvements are convincing. Using progressive optimization, we improve runtime up to a factor of three compared to average run-times and up to a factor of 4,5 compared to worst case run-times. As a result, we avoid costly operator execution orders and; thus, making query execution highly robust.
Price-optimal querying with data APIs
Authors: Upadhyaya Prasang , Balazinska Magdalena , Suciu Dan
Published: November 2016

Data is increasingly being purchased online in data markets and REST APIs have emerged as a favored method to acquire such data. Typically, sellers charge buyers based on how much data they purchase. In many scenarios, buyers need to make repeated calls to the seller's API. The challenge is then for buyers to keep track of the data they purchase and avoid purchasing the same data twice. In this paper, we propose lightweight modifications to data APIs to achieve optimal history-aware pricing so that buyers are only charged once for data that they have purchased and that has not been updated. The key idea behind our approach is the notion of refunds: buyers buy data as needed but have the ability to ask for refunds of data that they had already purchased before. We show that our techniques can provide significant data cost savings while reducing overheads by two orders of magnitude as compared to the state-of-the-art competing approaches.
Promotion of adipogenesis by neuropeptide Y during the later stages of chicken preadipocyte differentiation
Authors: Shipp Steven L. , Cline Mark A. , Gilbert Elizabeth R.
Published: November 2016

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) promotes adipogenesis in both birds and mammals, although mechanisms in avians remain unclear. The objective of this study was thus to evaluate effects of NPY on chick preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Preadipocytes were treated with 0, 1, 10, or 100 nmol/L NPY and gene expression and cellular proliferation were evaluated at 12, 24, and 48 h. At 12 h posttreatment, mRNA abundance of topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), and thioredoxin‐dependent peroxidase 2 was upregulated and NPY was downregulated in response to NPY (0 vs. 100 nmol/L) in preadipocytes. Cells were also treated with NPY during differentiation and harvested at 8, 10, and 12 days postinduction of differentiation. At day 8 postinduction of differentiation, there was increased lipid accumulation (0 vs. 10 and 100 nmol/L), expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) (0 vs. 100 nmol/L), and sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (0 vs. 10 and 100 nmol/L) mRNA in NPY‐treated cells. The number of proliferating cells decreased on day 8 in response to NPY (0 vs. 10 nmol/L). At day 10, FABP4 and Kruppel‐like factor 7 mRNAs were downregulated (0 vs. 10 and 100 nmol/L, and 100 nmol/L, respectively), and at day 12, TOP2A mRNA was down‐regulated (0 vs. 100 nmol/L) in response to NPY treatment. Activity of glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) was increased on days 10 and 12 in NPY‐treated cells (0 vs. 100 nmol/L). Increased gene expression of proliferation markers in preadipocytes, and during differentiation increased expression of transcription factors and a fatty acid transporter, increased lipid accumulation, and increased activity of G3PDH suggest that NPY may enhance preadipocyte activity, adipogenesis, and promotes lipid accumulation throughout chicken adipocyte differentiation.
Analysis of Treatment-Related Factors Affecting Mortality in Patients with Severe Necrotizing Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Praznik Ivan , Spasić Marko , Radosavljević Ivan , Stojanović Bojan , Čanović Dragan , Radovanović Dragče , Savović Zorica , Vojinović Radiša , Babić Živan , Đonović Nela , Luković Tanja , Lazarević Predrag , Đorđević Nataša , Kostić Irena , Jelić Ivana , Petrović Jelena , Stojanović Stefan , Jurišević Milena , Grubor Iva , Nikolić Ljiljana , Vučićević Ksenija , Artinović Viktorija , Milojević Anđela , Kostić Marina , Stefanović Srđjan , Janković Slobodan
Published: November 2016

The aim of the paper was to determine the factors related to the initial therapy that may contribute to death from severe necrotizing acute pancreatitis and to analyze their clinical importance as well as possible additive effects.

A retrospective case-control study included all adult patients treated for severe necrotizing acute pancreatitis in the Clinical Center of Kragujevac, Serbia, during the five-year period (2006-2010.). The cases (n = 41) were patients who died, while the controls (n = 69) were participants who survived. In order to estimate the relationship between potential risk factors and observed outcome, crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in logistic regression models.

Significant association with observed outcome was shown for the use of gelatin and/or hydroxyethyl starch (adjusted OR 12.555; 95 % CI 1.150-137.005), use of albumin (adjusted OR 27.973; 95 % CI 1.741-449.373), use of octreotide (adjusted OR 16.069; 95 % CI 1.072-240.821) and avoiding of enteral feeding (adjusted OR 3.933; 95 % CI 1.118-13.829), while the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs had protective role (adjusted OR 0.057; 95 % CI 0.004-0.805).

The risk of death in patients with predicted severe necrotizing acute pancreatitis could be reduced with avoidance of treatment with colloid solutions, albumin and octreotide, as well as with an early introduction of oral/enteral nutrition and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Association of Insulin Resistance, β-Cell Function Impairment and Calcium, Magnesium, and Fetuin-A Concentrations in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Moustafa Shatha Rouf
Published: November 2016

Insulin resistance and β-cell function impairment play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Insulin signaling is inhibited by fetuin-A, an abundant plasma protein. Fetuin-A is also a candidate marker of the T2DM risk. This case-control study aimed to determine whether fetuin-A serum level is related to insulin resistance, β-cell function impairment, and total and ionized Ca and Mg serum levels in Erbil patients with T2DM.

A total of 60 patients with T2DM were recruited, and 30 healthy persons were included in the control group. Fetuin-A and insulin concentrations were measured through ELISA. Other biochemical parameters were determined spectrophotometrically. Insulin resistance (HOMA2IR), insulin sensitivity (HOMA2%S), and β-cell function were examined by using a homeostatic model assessment 2 (HOMA2).

Fasting serum insulin, fetuin-A serum levels, and HOMA2IR were significantly increased. HOMA2%S of the patients with diabetes was significantly lower than that of the control group. The total serum and ionized Ca and Mg contents and the Ca/Mg ratio were reduced in the patients.

Therefore, fetuin-A is related to T2DM pathogenesis and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and glycemic control in T2DM patients. Future large-scale studies are necessary to validate fetuin-A as an indicator of IR in T2DM patients.
Phenomenography: A Missed Method in Medical Research
Authors: Assarroudi Abdolghader , Heydari Abbas
Published: November 2016

Research is an approach with which human beings can attempt to answer questions and discover the unknowns. Research methodology is something that is determined by the researcher’s attitude toward the universe as well as by the question he is trying to answer. Some essential questions regarding the research process are: “What is the nature of reality?”, “What is the nature of the relationship between the scholar and the subject of interest?”, and “How can one understand the subject, and what are the methods?”. Research approaches can be categorized as quantitative and qualitative. In the former, measurement, prediction, and control are the bases, while in the latter, exploring, describing, and explaining the phenomena are fundamental. Among qualitative research methods, phenomenography is one of the newest methods. However, in spite of proving to be useful in various disciplines, it has yet to become popular, and many scholars mistake it for phenomenology. The focus of phenomenography is on what is known as the second-order perspective and the different ways that people can experience the same phenomenon, while phenomenology primarily emphasizes the first-order perspective and the similar essences that are derived from various experiences. This article aims to provide a better understanding of phenomenography through explaining it and comparing it with phenomenology in order to facilitate its proper and timely application in medical studies.
Spatial Variation in Blooming and Yield in an Apple Orchard, in Romania
Authors: Teodorescu Gabriela , Moise Virgil , Cosac Aurelia Corina
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to analyse the spatial variation of blooming, yield and quality parameters, in an apple orchard, by using precision agriculture tools. This study is a preliminary step in order to create management zones, to take the management decisions and made the evaluation of the applied practices. The study was conducted in the Research and Development Station for Pomology Voinesti, Dambovita, on the 0.9 ha orchard. The orchard consists in Florina apple trees and Generos pollinator. The surface was mapped with GPS and the yield of each tree was manually harvested and weighed. Apple quality was evaluated in terms of: firmness, soluble solid content, juice pH. Also, in spring was determined the number of flowers/tree and the exact period of flowering. The interpolated maps were created using Surfer 8 software and the correlations between yield and quality have been established; some quality characteristics are negatively correlated with yield, like firmness.
Feedforward Control of a Light-Weight Device Casing for Active Noise Reduction
Authors: Wrona Stanislaw , Pawelczyk Marek
Published: November 2016

It is possible to enhance acoustic isolation of the device from the environment by appropriately controlling vibration of a device casing. Sound insulation efficiency of this technique for a rigid casing was confirmed by the authors in previous publications. In this paper, a light-weight casing is investigated, where vibrational couplings between walls are much greater due to lack of a rigid frame. A laboratory setup is described in details. The influence of the cross-paths on successful global noise reduction is considered. Multiple vibration actuators are installed on each of the casing walls. An adaptive control strategy based on the Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm is used to update control filter parameters. Obtained results are reported, discussed, and conclusions for future research are drawn.
Local Fault Assessment in a Helical Geared System via Sound and Vibration Parameters Using Multiclass SVM Classifiers
Authors: Amarnath Muniyappa
Published: November 2016

A gear system transmits power by means of meshing gear teeth and is conceptually simple and effective in power transmission. Thus typical applications include electric utilities, ships, helicopters, and many other industrial applications. Monitoring the condition of large gearboxes in industries has attracted increasing interest in the recent years owing to the need for decreasing the downtime on production machinery and for reducing the extent of secondary damage caused by failures. This paper addresses the development of a condition monitoring procedure for a gear transmission system using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs). Seven conditions of the gear were investigated: healthy gear and gear with six stages of depthwise wear simulated on the gear tooth. The features extracted from the measured vibration and sound signals were mean, root mean square (rms), variance, skewness, and kurtosis, which are known to be sensitive to different degrees of faults in rotating machine elements. These characteristics were used as an input features to ANN and SVM. The results show that the multilayer feed forward neural network and multiclass support vector machines can be effectively used in the diagnosis of various gear faults.
Measurement Precision Under Repeatability Conditions of a Batch of Sound Power Assessment for Blenders in Reverberation Room
Authors: Costa-Felix Rodrigo P.B.
Published: November 2016

A set of sound power assessments was performed to determine measurement precision in specified conditions by the comparison method in a reverberation room with a fixed position array of six microphones. Six blenders (or mixers) and, complementary, a reference sound source were the noise sources. Five or six sound power calculations were undertaken on each noise source, and the standard deviation (sr) was computed as “measurement precision under repeatability conditions” for each octave band from 125 Hz to 8 kHz, and in dB(A). With the results obtained, values of sr equal 1.0 dB for 125 Hz and 250 Hz, 0.8 dB for 500 Hz to 2 kHz, and 0.5 dB for 4 kHz and 8 kHz. Those can be considered representative as sound power precision for blenders according to the measurement method used. The standard deviation of repeatability for the A-weighted sound power level equals 0.6 dB. This paper could be used for house or laboratory tests to check where their uncertainty assessment for sound power determination is similar or not to those generated at the National Metrology Institute.
Research and Modeling of Mechanical Crosstalk in Linear Arrays of Ultrasonic Transducers
Authors: Celmer Mateusz , Opieliński Krzysztof J.
Published: November 2016

Linear arrays of ultrasonic transducers are commonly used as ultrasonic probes in medical diagnostics for imaging the interior of a human body in vivo. The crosstalk phenomenon occurs during the operation of transducers in which electrical voltages and mechanical vibrations are transmitted to adjacent components. As a result of such additional excitation of the transducers in the array, the directivity characteristics of the aperture used changes, and consequently there is interference with properoperation of a given array and the emergence of distortions in the obtained ultra sound image that reduce its quality. This paper studies the manner of propagation of mechanical crosstalk in the designed model of a linear array of ultrasonic transducers on the basis of unwanted signals, which appeared on elementary piezo-electric transducers when power is supplied to the selected transducer in the array. The universal model of linear array of ultrasonic transducers, which has been developed, allowed the simulation of mechanical crosstalk, taking in to account the cross-coupling phenomenon in all of its structure with the use of finite elements method (FEM) implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The analysis of crosstalk signals showed that they consist of aggregated pulses propagating with different speeds and frequencies. This signifies the formation of different vibration modes transmitted simultaneously via different paths. The paper is an original approach which enables to identify different vibration modes and estimate their participation in the crosstalk signal and their ways of propagation. Conclusions from the research allow predicting specific design changes which are significant due to the minimization of mechanical crosstalk in linear arrays of ultrasonic transducers.
The ethics of researching unlikeable subjects
Authors: Rüdiger Sofia , Dayter Daria
Published: November 2016

This article explores ethical conundrums in linguistic research on online platforms populated by ‘pick-up artists’ (PUAs), a community that learns and practices speed-seduction for short-term mating. Originally a male heterosexual community, PUAs encourage men to use manipulative strategies to select, pursue, isolate and sexually conquer women (Hall, Jeffrey A. & Melanie Canterberry. 2011. Sexism and assertive courtship strategies. Sex Roles 65(11). 840–853). Using so-called ‘field reports’ – detailed accounts of interactions with women – from Anglophone PUA forums as our data, we investigate the narrative stance devices that PUAs use to impose the game frame on their activities. Unavoidably, sampling language in an environment where risky topics are under constant discussion presents ethical dilemmas. The article focuses on how conducting research in a hostile community may influence traditional methodological decisions. Through the example of the PUA community, we discuss the vulnerability of subjects and potential harm in linguistic research, and whether anything gives the researcher the freedom to forego informed consent, especially when dealing with publicly available data in an open forum. We also address the myth of the unbiased researcher that is prevalent in contemporary social science, arguing that an analysis should benefit from the fact that the analyst inevitably takes part in the “fight to construct reality” (Latour, Bruno & Steve Woolgar. 1979. Laboratory life: The construction of scientific facts. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
The Theatre as a Strategic Research Site: An Untapped Potential
Authors: Weiner Eugene C. , Meinhard Agnes G.
Published: November 2016

Es gibt eine unermeßliche Literatur über die verschiedenen Aspekte des Theaters, aber eine von dessen wichtigsten Komponenten, das Publikum, ist darin weitgehend vernachlässigt worden. Eine Untersuchung von Theaterzuschauern kann für zumindest drei Bereiche fruchtbare Informationen liefern: 1) für die Kunstsoziologie, 2) für die allgemeine Soziologie, 3) für die praktische Anwendung durch die Theater selbst. Die Autoren stellen ein Modell der ästhetischen Beurteilung vor, um zu demonstrieren, wie sich die bei einem Theaterpublikum gesammelten Daten zur Erklärung komplexer Verhaltensprozesse analysieren lassen. Das Modell macht deutlich, daß die Beurteilung eines Stückes ein Resultat der Interaktion von sozio-kulturellen und Erfahrungsfaktoren ist, welche Perzeption und Reaktion des Theaterbesuchers auf die beiden Hauptausdrucksmittel des Theaters beeinflussen, nämlich den Inhalt des Stückes und seine Inszenierung. Dadurch wird dann wiederum der Gesamteindruck des Zuschauers von dem Stück bestimmt. Es wurde die Pfadanalyse angewandt, um die Stärke und Richtung des Einflusses zu bestimmen. Die Ergebnisse wiesen auf eine Dichotomisierung der Wirkungen hin. Die Bewertung des Inhalts ließ sich als ein Ausdruck des subjektiven Reizes des Stückes zeigen, wie sich aus den Typen der beeinflussenden Variablen ergab. Die Bewertung von Inszenierungsvariablen andererseits war offensichtlich eher ein vergleichender Urteilsprozeß, der von früherer Erfahrung mit verwandten Objekten und Standards für ein aus Bewertung hervorgegangenes Urteil abhängig ist.
Democratic versus Autocratic Communications: A Comparison of American News and the German Nachricht
Authors: Ernst Josef
Published: November 2016

News and Nachrichten are expressions of mass cultures and as such are symptomatic of the political styles that produce them. Thus, the comparative analysis of an American television newsshow and a German Nachrichten telecast is a study of how people relate to each other, their groups, organizations, and societies in their countries. At the same time, a comparative media case study keeps an eye on how the different concepts could or do relate to each other. In today’s internationally interdependent environment where parochial conflicts turn into global issues, communications structures and the political understandings guiding them have to be able to confer.
Vortrag: „Gesundheit und Kommunikation“
Authors: Huber Ellis , Silbermann Alphons
Published: November 2016

Psychosoziale Befindlichkeitsstörungen und Angst des Patienten vor dem Arzt - verstanden als eine „Kommunikationskrankheit“ - nehmen zu. Der gesunkene Stellenwert des Kommunikativen im Arzt-Patientenverhältnis liegt einerseits an den aufgrund des fortschreitenden Säkularisierungsprozesses gestiegenen Aufgaben des Arztes. Wurden Fragen des Seelenheils früher durch Religion(en) abgedeckt, ist heute der Arzt auch bei seelischen Nöten des Patienten gefordert. Andererseits hat sich in der Vergangenheit die Ausbildung des Arztes von einem eher ganzheitlichen Ansatz, der bei Krankheiten eine Interdependenz von Körper und Seele annimmt, zum Bioingenieur verschoben. Eine entsprechende Wiederbelegung kommunikativer Fähigkeiten in der Ausbildung zum Arzt kann durch kollektive Kommunikation zwischen Gruppen - Ärztekammern, Kassen, Gesetzgeber etc. - beeinflußt werden.
Pharmaindustrie im politischen Kreuzfeuer: Tierversuche - Gentechnik - klinische Prüfungen - Risikokommunikation als unternehmerische Notwendigkeit
Authors: Vogt Michael
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung der Diskussion

In der sich an den Vortrag anschließenden Diskussion wurde im Schwerpunkt auf die „Evaluation von Zielgruppen-PR am Beispiel eines Reizthemas“ eingegangen. Die Ergebnisse der „dialogischen Kommunikation“ mit dieser Zielgruppe wurden im Vortrag anhand unterschiedlicher Charts dargestellt. Einhellig wurde die unzureichende Skalierung der möglichen Antworten zu den in der Untersuchung gestellten Fragen bemängelt. Der Referent wies in diesem Zusammenhang auf sein begrenztes Zeitbudget hin - detaillierte Auswertungen lägen vor. Weiterhin wurde in der Diskussion deutlich, daß eine quantitative Untersuchung nicht geeignet ist, Ursachen oder Motive für die Wahl einer bestimmten Antwort aufzuzeigen. Es sei vielmehr darum gegangen - so der Referent eine mögliche Einstellungsdifferenz zu einem bestimmten Thema zu den Zeitpunkten vor und nach der „dialogischen Kommunikation“ festzustellen. Auf Nachfragen aus dem Publikum hob der Referent hervor, daß die PR-Maßnahme in diesem Sinne nicht ein Ergebnis der Untersuchung war, sondern vielmehr ein erster Versuch eine Kommunikationsmaßnahme überhaupt zu evaluieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund erschienen die empirischen Ergebnisse als durchaus plausibel.
N-bit Parity Neural Networks with minimum
number of threshold neurons
Authors: Arslanov Marat Z. , Amirgalieva Zhazira E. , Kenshimov Chingiz A.
Published: November 2016

In this paper ordered neural networks for the Nbit
parity function containing [log2(N + 1)] threshold elements
are constructed. The minimality of this network is
proved. The connection between minimum perceptrons of
Gamb for the N-bit parity function and one combinatorial
problems is established.
Smart-system of distance learning of visually
impaired people based on approaches of artificial
intelligence
Authors: Samigulina Galina A. , Shayakhmetova Assem S.
Published: November 2016

Research objective is the creation of intellectual
innovative technology and information Smart-system of
distance learning for visually impaired people. The organization
of the available environment for receiving quality
education for visually impaired people, their social
adaptation in society are important and topical issues
of modern education.The proposed Smart-system of distance
learning for visually impaired people can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of education of
this category of people. The scientific novelty of proposed
Smart-system is using intelligent and statistical methods
of processing multi-dimensional data, and taking into account
psycho-physiological characteristics of perception
and awareness learning information by visually impaired
people.
Increasing the frost resistance of ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Gala’ and ‘Šampion’ apple cultivars
Authors: Łysiak Grzegorz P. , Kurlus Robert , Michalska Anna
Published: November 2016

The aim of this research was the evaluation of whether the application of 5-ALA, which has potential as a plant growth stimulating agent with indirect anti-stress activity, can limit the damage caused by low temperatures in winter. The research was conducted on frost-sensitive apple cultivars for three years in an orchard and in a laboratory. During the vegetative seasons of each year, the trees of three apple cultivars (‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Gala’ and ‘Šampion’) were subject to 5-ALA foliar application. Three times during each winter following the field application, apple shoots were taken to the laboratory and frozen at −20°C, −25°C and −30°C. After incubation, the damage to the sensitive parts of the shoots was evaluated. The application had a positive effect on the frost resistance of all cultivars, most often at the end of dormancy, which is especially noteworthy because frost damage occurs most frequently during this period. Positive effects of the application were found in most of the experiment combinations of cultivar, year, freezing date and shoot part. Additionally, the positive influence of 5-ALA application on frost resistance was found to increase with each year of the research.
Green processing of thermosensitive nanocurcumin-encapsulated chitosan hydrogel towards biomedical application
Authors: Nguyen Thi Bich Tram , Dang Le Hang , Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy , Tran Dai Lam , Nguyen Dai Hai , Nguyen Van Toan , Nguyen Cuu Khoa , Nguyen Thi Hiep , Le Van Thu , Tran Ngoc Quyen
Published: November 2016

In this study, in order to enhance the aqueous solubility and to overcome the limitation of curcumin (Cur) in free form, as well as to develop a carrier for transdermal delivery of hydrophobic pharmaceutical agents such as Cur, a sonicated synthetic process of nanocurcumin (nCur) in thermally responsive Chitosan-g-Pluronic (CP) copolymer is disclosed herein. The use of CP copolymer solution as a dispersant medium is a very attractive method to avoid the use of toxic organic solvent and non-biocompatible surfactant. The obtained Cur nanoparticles had a fairly narrow distribution of 8–23 nm. nCur-dispersed CP solution showed good stability with no change in color characteristic and no phase separation after 1 month of storage. Rheological characterization of CP hydrogels had indicated sol-gel transition at the same temperature (35°C). Interestingly, the rate of Cur release for this system can be conveniently modulated as transdermal drug delivery.
TEMPO-mediated electro-oxidation reactions of non-phenolic β-O-4-type lignin model compounds
Authors: Sannami Yumi , Kamitakahara Hiroshi , Takano Toshiyuki
Published: November 2016

Oxidation reactions of a non-phenolic β-O-4-type lignin model compound [4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether (1)] were conducted in an electrolytic mediator system (EMS) using 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl radical (TEMPO) or 4-acetoamido-TEMPO (AcNH-TEMPO) as mediators. The results revealed that the electrolytes strongly influenced the chemoselectivity between Cα-carbonylation and Cγ-carboxylation of compound 1. The Cα-carbonylation proceeded preferentially in the EMS oxidation conducted in the LiClO4/CH3CN-H2O system, although the yield of the resulting Cα-carbonyl compound 2 was low (1.9%–11.1%). In contrast, Cγ-carbonylation was preferred, if the EMS oxidation reactions were conducted in the dioxane-carbonate buffer (pH 10.0), dioxane-borate buffer (pH 10.0), and dioxane-phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). Especially, the Cγ-carboxyl compound 3 was obtained in a high yield (72.0%–93.2%), when the dioxane-phosphate buffer served as the electrolyte. The catalytic efficiency of AcNH-TEMPO was higher than that of TEMPO for the EMS oxidation reactions. The conclusion is that AcNH-TEMPO-EMS oxidation reaction in dioxane-phosphate buffer could be used for the chemoselective Cγ-carboxylation of lignins.
Vowel weakening in the Sabellic languages as language contact
Authors: Zair Nicholas
Published: November 2016

In this article I show that weakening of unstressed vowels in Oscan, Umbrian and Paelignian occurs in different environments and at different points in the relative or absolute chronologies of the individual languages, and produces different results. Consequently, vowel weakening did not take place in Proto- or Common Sabellic as commonly thought, but should instead be seen as the longterm result of the generalisation of an initial stress accent across a number of languages in contact in Ancient Italy, including Latin, the Sabellic languages, and Etruscan.
Change and correlates of resilience in high school students in Hong Kong: findings based on six waves of longitudinal data
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Chi Xinli , Lin Li
Published: November 2016

Based on six waves of longitudinal data collected from high school students, the study examined developmental pattern and correlates of resilience in adolescents in Hong Kong. Over 6 years, the students were invited to complete a questionnaire containing measures of psychosocial functioning including family functioning, parent-child subsystem quality and resilience. There was a slight decrease of resilience throughout adolescence. Adolescents having better parent-child subsystem quality and family functioning reported higher levels of resilience initially. However, better mother-child subsystem quality and family functioning were significantly associated with faster decrease in resilience, although adolescents with better parent-child subsystem quality and family functioning always reported higher resilience levels over 6 years. The findings suggest that strengthening family processes can help to promote resilience in adolescents in Hong Kong.