bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
III-Nitride grating grown on freestanding HfO2 gratings
Authors: Wang Yongjin , Wu Tong , Hu Fangren , Kanamori Yoshiaki , Zhu Hongbo , Hane Kazuhiro
Published: August 2011

We report here the epitaxial growth of III-nitride material on freestanding HfO2 gratings by molecular beam epitaxy. Freestanding HfO2 gratings are fabricated by combining film evaporation, electron beam lithography, and fast atom beam etching of an HfO2 film by a front-side silicon process. The 60-μm long HfO2 grating beam can sustain the stress change during the epitaxial growth of a III-nitride material. Grating structures locally change the growth condition and vary indium composition in the InGaN/GaN quantum wells and thus, the photoluminescence spectra of epitaxial III-nitride grating are tuned. Guided mode resonances are experimentally demonstrated in fabricated III-nitride gratings, opening the possibility to achieve the interaction between the excited light and the grating structure through guided mode resonance.

PACS: 78.55.Cr; 81.65.Cf; 81.15.Hi.
Catalytic pyrolysis of Laminaria japonica over nanoporous catalysts using Py-GC/MS
Authors: Lee Hyung Won , Jeon Jong-Ki , Park Sung Hoon , Jeong Kwang-Eun , Chae Ho-Jeong , Park Young-Kwon
Published: August 2011

The catalytic pyrolysis of Laminaria japonica was carried out over a hierarchical meso-MFI zeolite (Meso-MFI) and nanoporous Al-MCM-48 using pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The effect of the catalyst type on the product distribution and chemical composition of the bio-oil was examined using Py-GC/MS. The Meso-MFI exhibited a higher activity in deoxygenation and aromatization during the catalytic pyrolysis of L. japonica. Meanwhile, the catalytic activity of Al-MCM-48 was lower than that of Meso-MFI due to its weak acidity.
Intelligent query by humming system based on score level fusion of multiple classifiers
Authors: Nam Gi Pyo , Luong Thi Thu Trang , Nam Hyun Ha , Park Kang Ryoung , Park Sung-Joo
Published: August 2011

Recently, the necessity for content-based music retrieval that can return results even if a user does not know information such as the title or singer has increased. Query-by-humming (QBH) systems have been introduced to address this need, as they allow the user to simply hum snatches of the tune to find the right song. Even though there have been many studies on QBH, few have combined multiple classifiers based on various fusion methods. Here we propose a new QBH system based on the score level fusion of multiple classifiers. This research is novel in the following three respects: three local classifiers [quantized binary (QB) code-based linear scaling (LS), pitch-based dynamic time warping (DTW), and LS] are employed; local maximum and minimum point-based LS and pitch distribution feature-based LS are used as global classifiers; and the combination of local and global classifiers based on the score level fusion by the PRODUCT rule is used to achieve enhanced matching accuracy. Experimental results with the 2006 MIREX QBSH and 2009 MIR-QBSH corpus databases show that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of single classifier and other fusion methods.
Krüppel-like factor 6 regulates transforming growth factor-β gene expression during human respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Mgbemena Victoria , Segovia Jesus , Chang TeHung , Bose Santanu
Published: August 2011

Background

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is associated with airway remodeling and subsequent asthma development. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF) plays a crucial role in asthma development. The mechanism regulating TGF gene expression during RSV infection is not known. Kruppel-like factor family of transcription factors are critical regulators of cellular/tissue homeostasis. Previous studies have shown that Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) could function as a trans-activator of TGF gene; however, whether KLF members play a role during infection is unknown. In the current study we have evaluated the role of KLF6 during TGF expression in RSV infected cells.

Findings

Silencing KLF6 expression by shRNA led to drastic inhibition in TGF production during RSV infection, as assessed by ELISA analysis of medium supernatants. RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of TGF expression in KLF6 silenced cells. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation assay conducted with RSV infected cells showed binding of KLF6 protein to the TGF promoter during RSV infection. We further observed reduced RSV infectivity in KLF6 silenced cells and in cells incubated with TGF neutralizing antibody. In contrast, enhanced RSV infection was noted in cells incubated with purified TGF.

Conclusion

We have identified KLF6 as a key transcription factor required for trans-activation of TGF gene during RSV infection. Moreover, TGF production is required for efficient RSV infection and thus, KLF6 is also required for efficient RSV infection by virtue of KLF6 dependent TGF production during infection.
Reducing the worst case running times of a family of RNA and CFG problems, using Valiant’s approach
Authors: Zakov Shay , Tsur Dekel , Ziv-Ukelson Michal
Published: August 2011

Background

RNA secondary structure prediction is a mainstream bioinformatic domain, and is key to computational analysis of functional RNA. In more than 30 years, much research has been devoted to defining different variants of RNA structure prediction problems, and to developing techniques for improving prediction quality. Nevertheless, most of the algorithms in this field follow a similar dynamic programming approach as that presented by Nussinov and Jacobson in the late 70's, which typically yields cubic worst case running time algorithms. Recently, some algorithmic approaches were applied to improve the complexity of these algorithms, motivated by new discoveries in the RNA domain and by the need to efficiently analyze the increasing amount of accumulated genome-wide data.

Results

We study Valiant's classical algorithm for Context Free Grammar recognition in sub-cubic time, and extract features that are common to problems on which Valiant's approach can be applied. Based on this, we describe several problem templates, and formulate generic algorithms that use Valiant's technique and can be applied to all problems which abide by these templates, including many problems within the world of RNA Secondary Structures and Context Free Grammars.

Conclusions

The algorithms presented in this paper improve the theoretical asymptotic worst case running time bounds for a large family of important problems. It is also possible that the suggested techniques could be applied to yield a practical speedup for these problems. For some of the problems (such as computing the RNA partition function and base-pair binding probabilities), the presented techniques are the only ones which are currently known for reducing the asymptotic running time bounds of the standard algorithms.
Isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy): a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Pavlidis Theodoros E , Lalountas Miltiadis A , Psarras Kyriakos , Symeonidis Nikolaos G , Tsitlakidis Anastasios , Pavlidis Efstathios T , Ballas Konstantinos , Flaris Nikolaos , Marakis Georgios N , Sakantamis Athanassios K
Published: August 2011

Introduction

Injury of the gallbladder after blunt abdominal trauma is an unusual finding; the reported incidence is less than 2%. Three groups of injuries are described: simple contusion, laceration, and avulsion, the last of which can be partial, complete, or total traumatic cholecystectomy.

Case presentation

A case of isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy) from its hepatic bed in a 46-year-old Caucasian man without any other sign of injury is presented. The avulsion was due to blunt abdominal trauma after a car accident. The rarity of this injury and the stable condition of our patient at the initial presentation warrant a description. The diagnosis was made incidentally after a computed tomography scan, and our patient was treated successfully with ligation of the cystic duct and artery, removal of the gallbladder, coagulation of the bleeding points, and placement of a drain.

Conclusions

Early diagnosis of such injuries is quite difficult because abdominal signs are poor, non-specific, or even absent. Therefore, a computed tomography scan should be performed when the mechanism of injury is indicated.
A phospho-proteomic screen identifies substrates of the checkpoint kinase Chk1
Authors: Blasius Melanie , Forment Josep V , Thakkar Neha , Wagner Sebastian A , Choudhary Chunaram , Jackson Stephen P
Published: August 2011

Background

The cell-cycle checkpoint kinase Chk1 is essential in mammalian cells due to its roles in controlling processes such as DNA replication, mitosis and DNA-damage responses. Despite its paramount importance, how Chk1 controls these functions remains unclear, mainly because very few Chk1 substrates have hitherto been identified.

Results

Here, we combine a chemical genetics approach with high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify novel Chk1 substrates and their phosphorylation sites. The list of targets produced reveals the potential impact of Chk1 function not only on processes where Chk1 was already known to be involved, but also on other key cellular events such as transcription, RNA splicing and cell fate determination. In addition, we validate and explore the phosphorylation of transcriptional co-repressor KAP1 Ser473 as a novel DNA-damage-induced Chk1 site.

Conclusions

By providing a substantial set of potential Chk1 substrates, we present opportunities for studying unanticipated functions for Chk1 in controlling a wide range of cellular processes. We also refine the Chk1 consensus sequence, facilitating the future prediction of Chk1 target sites. In addition, our identification of KAP1 Ser473 phosphorylation as a robust readout for Chk1 activity could be used to explore the in vivo effects of Chk1 inhibitors that are being developed for clinical evaluation.
PARalyzer: definition of RNA binding sites from PAR-CLIP short-read sequence data
Authors: Corcoran David L , Georgiev Stoyan , Mukherjee Neelanjan , Gottwein Eva , Skalsky Rebecca L , Keene Jack D , Ohler Uwe
Published: August 2011

Crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) protocols have made it possible to identify transcriptome-wide RNA-protein interaction sites. In particular, PAR-CLIP utilizes a photoactivatable nucleoside for more efficient crosslinking. We present an approach, centered on the novel PARalyzer tool, for mapping high-confidence sites from PAR-CLIP deep-sequencing data. We show that PARalyzer delineates sites with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Motif finding identifies the sequence preferences of RNA-binding proteins, as well as seed-matches for highly expressed microRNAs when profiling Argonaute proteins. Our study describes tailored analytical methods and provides guidelines for future efforts to utilize high-throughput sequencing in RNA biology. PARalyzer is available at http://www.genome.duke.edu/labs/ohler/research/PARalyzer/.
Efficacy of Dosimetric Versus Empiric Prescribed Activity of 131I for Therapy of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Klubo-Gwiezdzinska Joanna , Van Nostrand Douglas , Atkins Frank , Burman Kenneth , Jonklaas Jacqueline , Mete Mihriye , Wartofsky Leonard
Published: August 2011

Background:

The optimal management of high-risk patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) consists of thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine (131I) therapy. The prescribed activity of 131I can be determined using two approaches: 1) empiric prescribed activity of 131I (E-Rx); and 2) dosimetry-based prescribed activity of 131I (D-Rx).

Aim:

The aim of the study was to compare the relative treatment efficacy and side effects of D-Rx vs. E-Rx.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was performed of patients with distant metastases and/or locoregionally advanced radioiodine-avid DTC who were treated with either D-Rx or E-Rx. Response to treatment was based on RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) 1.1 criteria.

Results:

The study group consisted of 87 patients followed for 51 ± 35 months, of whom 43 were treated with D-Rx and 44 with E-Rx. Multivariate analysis, controlling for age, gender, and status of metastases revealed that the D-Rx group tended to be 70% less likely to progress (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.087–1.02; P = 0.052) and more likely to obtain complete response (CR) compared to the E-Rx group (odds ratio, 8.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–53.5; P = 0.029). There was an association in the D-Rx group between the observed CR and percentage of maximum tolerable activity given as a first treatment of 131I (P = 0.030). The advantage of D-Rx was specifically apparent in the locoregionally advanced group because CR was significantly higher in D-Rx vs. E-Rx in this group of patients (35.7 vs. 3.3%; P = 0.009). The rates of partial response, stable disease, and progression-free survival, as well as the frequency of side effects, were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion:

Higher efficacy of D-Rx with a similar safety profile compared to E-Rx supports the rationale for employing individually prescribed activity in high-risk patients with DTC.
Does Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy Reduce Mortality in Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency? Data from the Dutch National Registry of Growth Hormone Treatment in Adults
Authors: van Bunderen Christa C. , van Nieuwpoort I. Caroline , Arwert Lucia I. , Heymans Martijn W. , Franken Anton A. M. , Koppeschaar Hans P. F. , van der Lely Aart J. , Drent Madeleine L.
Published: August 2011

Context:

Adults with GH deficiency (GHD) have a decreased life expectancy. The effect of GH treatment on mortality remains to be established.

Objective:

This nationwide cohort study investigates the effect of GH treatment on all-cause and cause-specific mortality and analyzes patient characteristics influencing mortality in GHD adults.

Design, Setting, and Patients:

Patients in the Dutch National Registry of Growth Hormone Treatment in Adults were retrospectively monitored (1985–2009) and subdivided into treatment (n = 2229), primary (untreated, n = 109), and secondary control (partly treated, n = 356) groups.

Main Outcome Measures:

Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated for all-cause, malignancy, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Expected mortality was obtained from cause, sex, calendar year, and age-specific death rates from national death and population counts.

Results:

In the treatment group, 95 patients died compared to 74.6 expected [SMR 1.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.56)]. Mortality was higher in women than in men. After exclusion of high-risk patients, the SMR for CVD mortality remained increased in women. Mortality due to malignancies was not elevated. In the control groups mortality was not different from the background population. Univariate analyses demonstrated sex, GHD onset, age, and underlying diagnosis as influencing factors.

Conclusions:

GHD men receiving GH treatment have a mortality rate not different from the background population. In women, after exclusion of high-risk patients, mortality was not different from the background population except for CVD. Mortality due to malignancies was not elevated in adults receiving GH treatment. Next to gender, the heterogeneous etiology is of influence on mortality in GHD adults with GH treatment.
Consumption of Fructose and High Fructose Corn Syrup Increase Postprandial Triglycerides, LDL-Cholesterol, and Apolipoprotein-B in Young Men and Women
Authors: Stanhope Kimber L. , Bremer Andrew A. , Medici Valentina , Nakajima Katsuyuki , Ito Yasuki , Nakano Takamitsu , Chen Guoxia , Fong Tak Hou , Lee Vivien , Menorca Roseanne I. , Keim Nancy L. , Havel Peter J.
Published: August 2011

Context:

The American Heart Association Nutrition Committee recommends women and men consume no more than 100 and 150 kcal of added sugar per day, respectively, whereas the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, suggests a maximal added sugar intake of 25% or less of total energy.

Objective:

To address this discrepancy, we compared the effects of consuming glucose, fructose, or high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) at 25% of energy requirements (E) on risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Participants, Design and Setting, and Intervention:

Forty-eight adults (aged 18–40 yr; body mass index 18–35 kg/m2) resided at the Clinical Research Center for 3.5 d of baseline testing while consuming energy-balanced diets containing 55% E complex carbohydrate. For 12 outpatient days, they consumed usual ad libitum diets along with three servings per day of glucose, fructose, or HFCS-sweetened beverages (n = 16/group), which provided 25% E requirements. Subjects then consumed energy-balanced diets containing 25% E sugar-sweetened beverages/30% E complex carbohydrate during 3.5 d of inpatient intervention testing.

Main Outcome Measures:

Twenty-four-hour triglyceride area under the curve, fasting plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and apolipoprotein B (apoB) concentrations were measured.

Results:

Twenty-four-hour triglyceride area under the curve was increased compared with baseline during consumption of fructose (+4.7 ± 1.2 mmol/liter × 24 h, P = 0.0032) and HFCS (+1.8 ± 1.4 mmol/liter × 24 h, P = 0.035) but not glucose (−1.9 ± 0.9 mmol/liter × 24 h, P = 0.14). Fasting LDL and apoB concentrations were increased during consumption of fructose (LDL: +0.29 ± 0.082 mmol/liter, P = 0.0023; apoB: +0.093 ± 0.022 g/liter, P = 0.0005) and HFCS (LDL: +0.42 ± 0.11 mmol/liter, P < 0.0001; apoB: +0.12 ± 0.031 g/liter, P < 0.0001) but not glucose (LDL: +0.012 ± 0.071 mmol/liter, P = 0.86; apoB: +0.0097 ± 0.019 g/liter, P = 0.90).

Conclusions:

Consumption of HFCS-sweetened beverages for 2 wk at 25% E increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease comparably with fructose and more than glucose in young adults.
Prevention of Fractures after Solid Organ Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Stein Emily M. , Ortiz Dionisio , Jin Zhezhen , McMahon Donald J. , Shane Elizabeth
Published: August 2011

Context:

Bone loss and fracture are serious sequelae of organ transplantation, particularly in the first posttransplant year. Most interventional studies have been inadequately powered to detect effects on fracture.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to determine whether treatment with bisphosphonates (BP) or active vitamin D analogs (vitD) during the first year after transplantation reduces fracture risk and estimate the effect of these interventions on bone loss.

Data Sources:

Sources included PUBMED, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and abstracts from scientific meetings (presented 2003–2010).

Study Selection:

Randomized controlled clinical trials of BP or vitD in solid organ transplant recipients were included if treatment was initiated at the time of transplantation and fracture data were collected.

Data Extraction:

Two investigators independently extracted data and rated study quality. Fixed effect and random-effects models were used to obtain pooled estimates.

Data Synthesis:

Eleven studies of 780 transplant recipients (134 fractures) were included. Treatment with BP or vitD reduced the number of subjects with fracture [odds ratio (OR) 0.50 (0.29, 0.83)] and number of vertebral fractures, [OR 0.24 (0.07, 0.78)]. An increase in bone mineral density at the lumbar spine [2.98% (1.31, 4.64)] and femoral neck [3.05% (2.16, 3.93)] was found with treatment. When BP trials (nine studies, 625 subjects) were examined separately, there was a reduction in number of subjects with fractures [OR 0.53 (0.30, 0.91)] but no significant reduction in vertebral fractures [OR 0.34 (0.09, 1.24)].

Conclusions:

Treatment with BP or vitD during the first year after solid organ transplant was associated with a reduction in the number of subjects with fractures and fewer vertebral fractures.
Assessment of the right ventricular function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using MRI
Authors: Gao Yan , Du Xiangying , Qin Wen , Li Kuncheng
Published: August 2011

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associated with changes of the structure and the function of the right ventricle (RV). Therefore, the assessment of right ventricular function and myocardial mass (MM) is clinically important for the evaluation of the severity of COPD, which may provide an objective basis for therapeutic strategy.

Purpose

To assess the right ventricular function and RV MM in patients with mild to severe COPD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Material and Methods

We prospectively studied 49 COPD patients determined by the pulmonary function test (PFT). Using the Global Initiative for COPD classification, the COPD patients were divided into three groups according to the severity of the disease: group I = mild ( n = 18); group II = moderate ( n = 16); and group III = severe ( n = 15). The patient groups were compared to a control group consisting of 30 age-matched, healthy, non-smoking subjects. The RV function and RV MM were obtained by 1.5T cardiac MRI in all of the four groups. The results were compared among the four groups using the ANOVA. Pearson's correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between the right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) and MM with the PFT results in COPD patients.

Results

The RVEF was significantly lower in group III than in the other groups ( P < 0.01). The RV MM differed significantly among all groups ( P < 0.01) and gradually increased with the severity of COPD ( P < 0.01). The correlation was significant between the MRI results and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (r = 0.860 for RVEF, r = –0.838 for RV MM) in COPD patients.

Conclusion

The RVEF and RV MM measured by MRI correlate significantly with the severity of disease as determined by PFT in patients with COPD.
Deep sequencing of microRNA precursors reveals extensive 3′ end modification
Authors: Newman Martin A. , Mani Vidya , Hammond Scott M.
Published: August 2011

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. An emerging mechanism to control miRNA production is the addition of an oligo-uridine tail to the 3′ end of the precursor miRNA. This has been demonstrated for the Let-7 family of miRNAs in embryonic cells. Additionally, nontemplated nucleotides have been found on mature miRNA species, though in most cases it is not known if nucleotide addition occurs at the precursor step or at the mature miRNA. To examine the diversity of nucleotide addition we have developed a high-throughput sequencing method specific for miRNA precursors. Here we report that nontemplated addition is a widespread phenomenon occurring in many miRNA families. As previously reported, Let-7 family members are oligo-uridylated in embryonic cells in a Lin28-dependent manner. However, we find that the fraction of uridylated precursors increases with differentiation, independent of Lin28, and is highest in adult mouse tissues, exceeding 30% of all sequence reads for some Let-7 family members. A similar fraction of sequence reads are modified for many other miRNA families. Mono-uridylation is most common, with cytidine and adenosine modification less frequent but occurring above the expected error rate for Illumina sequencing. Nucleotide addition in cell lines is associated with 3′ end degradation, in contrast to adult tissues, where modification occurs predominantly on full-length precursors. This work provides an unprecedented view of the complexity of 3′ modification and trimming of miRNA precursors.
Nanostructured coatings for corrosion protection in reprocessing plants
Authors: Kamachi Mudali U. , Ningshen Sublime , Ravi Shankar A.
Published: August 2011

The main process medium in the reprocessing industry is highly oxidizing nitric acid ranging from dilute to concentrated solutions containing fission products and from room temperature to boiling conditions. Corrosion resistance of materials chosen for reprocessing plants is of prime importance for uninterrupted operation. Surface modification and coatings can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of materials. A number of surface modification and coating development works such as double oxide coating on Ti for reconditioning (DOCTOR); mixed oxide coated Ti anodes (MOCTAs); nanostructured Ti, TiO2, TiN, and ZrN; bulk metallic glasses (BMGs); and superhydrophobic (SHB) coatings for corrosion protection are being pursued in our laboratory. Nanostructured coatings developed on Ti-like DOCTOR and MOCTAs showed improved corrosion resistance and longer life. Nanostructured Ti, TiO2, and ZrN coatings deposited on type 304L stainless steel (SS) by magnetron sputtering technique and Zr-based bulk metallic Zr59Ti3Cu20Al10Ni8 alloy deposited on type 304L SS by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique showed improved corrosion resistance in nitric acid. SHB coating on 9Cr-1Mo and Ti lead to improved corrosion resistance and biofouling resistance of Ti. The surface modification and coating development carried out in our laboratory for corrosion protection in reprocessing plants are briefly highlighted.
Fungal biodegradation of genetically modified and lignin-altered quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.)
Authors: Giles Richard , Peszlen Ilona , Peralta Perry , Chang Hou-Min , Farrell Roberta , Grand Larry , Horvath Balazs
Published: August 2011

Better access to wood carbohydrates as a result of reduced, or altered, lignin is a goal of biopulping, as well as biofuel research. In the present article, woods from three transgenic trees and one wild-type quaking aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx.) were analyzed in terms of mass loss of cellulose and lignin after incubation with lignocellulolytic fungi. The transgenic trees had reduced lignin content through transfer of an antisense -4CL gene, elevated syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio through insertion of a sense CAld5H gene and low lignin content and elevated S/G ratio through simultaneous insertion of -4CL and CAld5H genes, respectively. The lignocellulolytic fungi employed were a lignin-selective white rot fungusCeriporiopsis subvermispora, a simultaneous white rot fungusTrametes versicolorand a brown rot fungusPostia placenta. Reduced lignin degradation was observed in woods with increased S/G ratios indicating that this analytical feature influences decay resistance, regardless of the fungal decay mechanism.
Die phraseologische Konstruktionsfamilie [X Präp Hand Verb]
Authors: Staffeldt Sven
Published: August 2011

The subject of this paper is the presentation of the analysis of details of various German phraseologisms containing the constituent Hand [hand]. It will be shown that a considerable improvement in clarity can be achieved by analyzing these phraseolgisms as belonging to a specific construction family. The analysis follows in its classification previous studies from the project “Linguistik des Körpers” [Linguistics of the Human Body]. The essential objectives of this project are:

(I)

identification of the semantic potential of the body and

(II)

analysis and description of the meaning of phraseologisms containing body part terms (so called somatisms).

As considered from a methodological point of view (II) would be the conditio sine qua non with regard to (I). The thesis is the following: Although phraseologisms – following Goldberg – are not absolutely predictable, the body part terms still allow the identification of a specific contribution to the phraseological meaning. To a certain extent the phraseological meaning turns out to be compositional as if moved along a metonymic guide.

Analysis of the meaning will be the main focus of this investigation. Meanings occur in daily use. The only way to get further knowledge about the meaning(s) of linguistic entities is by analyzing their (actual) use.
Der Wortartenstatus des Elements je in der komparativen Korrelativkonstruktion
Authors: Meinunger André
Published: August 2011

Most grammars and text books list the element je in its correlative use as a subordinate conjunction. The present study shows that this classification is not correct. Je is rather a word or word-like element which introduces a larger constituent which occupies the clause initial position much like a question word, or more precisely an interrogative constituent. One of the pieces of evidence is the multiple occurrence of je(-constituents) inside the same clause, a finding which has never been recognized before. Furthermore it is shown – contrary to Bech (1964) – that je clauses are compatible with negation. The contribution ends with a speculative part in which je is proposed to be either a particle or else even a bound morpheme, lacking word status at altogether.
Photoelastic Analysis of Cemented or Screwed Implant-Supported Prostheses With Different Prosthetic Connections
Authors: Tonella Bianca Piccolotto , Pellizzer Eduardo Piza , Ferraço Renato , Falcón-Antenucci Rosse Mary , Carvalho Paulo S. Perri de , Goiato Marcelo Coelho
Published: August 2011

The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution of different retention systems (screwed or cemented) associated with different prosthetic connections (external hexagon, internal hexagon, and Morse taper) in 3-unit implant-supported fixed partial dentures through photoelasticity. Six models were fabricated with photoelastic resin PL-2, and each model contained two implants of 4.0 × 10.0 mm. The models presented different retention systems (screwed and cemented) and different connections (external hexagon, internal hexagon, and Morse taper). The prostheses were standardized and fabricated in Ni-Cr alloy. A circular polariscope was used and axial and oblique (45°) loads of 100 N were applied in a universal testing machine. The results were photographed and analyzed qualitatively with a graphic software (Adobe Photoshop). The screwed retention system exhibited higher number of fringes for both axial and oblique loadings. The internal hexagon implant presented better and lower stress distribution for both cemented and screwed prostheses. The oblique loading increased the number of fringes in all models tested. The cemented retention system presented better stress distribution. The internal hexagon implant was more favorable according to the biomechanical standpoint. The oblique load increased stress in all systems and connections tested.
Evaluation of the altimetry from SRTM-3 and planimetry from high-resolution PALSAR FBD data for semi-detailed topographic mapping in the Amazon Region
Authors: Rodrigues Thiago G. , Paradella Waldir R. , Oliveira Cleber G.
Published: August 2011

The Brazilian Amazon has a deficit of 35% of coverage regarding topographic mapping at semi-detailed (1:100,000) scale. This paper presents an alternative to overcome this scenario using a combination of planialtimetric information from two orbital SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) missions. The altimetry was acquired from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), while the planimetry was provided from Fine Beam Dual (FBD) images of the Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) sensor. The research was carried out in the mountainous area of the Serra dos Carajás (Pará State), located on the Amazon region. The quality of the orbital topographic information was evaluated regarding precise planialtimetric measurements acquired from Global Positioning System (GPS) field campaigns. The evaluations were performed following two approaches: (1) the use of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and (2) tendency and precision hypothesis tests. The investigation has shown that the planialtimetric quality of the orbital products fulfilled the Brazilian Map Accuracy Standards requirements for 1:100,000 A Class map. Thus, the use of combination of information provided by PALSAR and SRTM-3 data can be considered a promising alternative for production and update of semi-detailed topographic mapping in similar environments of the Amazon region, where topographic information is lacking or presents low quality.
Physicochemical characteristics and pollen spectra of organic and non-organic honey samples of Apis mellifera L.
Authors: Sereia Maria Josiane , Alves Eloi M. , Toledo Vagner AA. , Marchini Luis C. , Serine Elizabete S. , Faquinello Patricia , Almeida Daniela de , Moreti Augusta C.C.C.
Published: August 2011

The aim of this research was to analyze and compare 17 honey samples, 11 organic and six non-organic Apis mellifera honey. The samples were analyzed concerning moisture, hydroxymethylfurfural, diastase index, water activity, color, total sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose, ash, viscosity, electrical conductivity, pH, acidity, and formol index. With the exception of acidity, reducing sugar and diastase index, the averages of other parameters were different between the two groups. All samples of organic honey presented moisture values between 23.50 and 24.40%. Among the nonorganic honey samples, two presented apparent sucrose amount upper the maximum limit established by the Brazilian Legislation. According to the quantitative analysis of pollen sediments in the honey samples and frequency of pollen types in 17 honey samples, 41.20% were classified as unifioral, and the remainder as polifioral.
Apego mãe - filho: estudo comparativo entre mães de parto normal e cesárea
Authors: Rocha Semíramis Melani Melo , Simpionato Érica , Mello Débora Falleiros de
Published: August 2011

Estudo da observação de comportamento através do registro cursivo contínuo-específico. O objetivo é comparar o comportamento de mães e recém-nascidos de parto normal com o de parto cesárea, nas primeiras 24 horas de vida, em alojamento conjunto neonatal. Observamos 14 binômios mãe-filho, sete de parto normal e sete de cesárea. As observações permitiram conclusões úteis para o cuidado de enfermagem. A voz da mãe e a forma de acariciar o recém-nascido podem ser indicadores da disposição da mãe para cuidar do bebê. As mães de parto cesárea necessitam de mais atenção para iniciarem a amamentação. Ambos apresentam melhor desempenho no cuidado do recém-nascido com o decorrer do período pós-parto. Mães inexperientes ou fragilizadas necessitam de mais atenção. O ambiente pode influir no estabelecimento de vínculos bem sucedidos
Comunicação não-verbal de pessoas portadoras de ostomias por câncer de intestino
Authors: Paegle Silene Oliveira , Silva Maria Júlia Paes da
Published: August 2011

Este estudo analisa a comunicação não-verbal de pessoas portadoras de ostomia, por câncer de intestino, integrantes de um grupo. É uma investigação de tipo exploratório, observacional, realizada com 5 pessoas portadoras de ostomias num hospital escola, durante 5 encontros de outubro a novembro de 2001. Os dados foram coletados através de filmagem e registro de diário de campo. Dentre os achados, destacamos que a sala onde ocorreram os encontros era pequena, obrigando os participantes a manterem uma distância íntima, o que provocou distorções na expressão espontânea das pessoas. O Estudo esclarece que a leitura da comunicação não-verbal possibilitou compreender o universo dos sujeitos pesquisados
Loucura em liberdade: vivências e convivências em Crato-CE (1930-1970)
Authors: Oliveira Cleide Correia de , Oliveira Francisca Bezerra de , Fortunato Maria Lucinete , Silva Antonia Oliveira
Published: August 2011

Este estudo teve como objetivos: identificar os personagens mais significativos no imaginário social e narrar as suas vivências e convivências. É um estudo sócio-histórico. As fontes documentais foram orais (entrevistas semi-estruturadas) e escritas. A interpretação dos achados apoiou-se nos estudos arqueológicos de Foucault sobre a história da loucura, e em autores que estudaram os temas: loucura psiquiatria e reforma psiquiátrica. A loucura narrada no cenário do Crato indica a existência de uma multiplicidade que revela a diversidade, transcendendo o paradigma psiquiátrico tradicional, cujo princípio é a idéia de que o louco deve ser isolado da sociedade. Espera-se que esta pesquisa contribua para o debate sobre a prática dos profissionais de enfermagem no campo da psiquiatria/saúde mental.
Pesquisas em enfermagem e o perfil epidemiológico do nordeste
Authors: Toniolli Ana Cláudia de Souza , Pordeus Augediva Maria Jucá , Ataíde Márcia Barroso Camilo de , Cardoso Maria Vera Lúcia Moreira Leitão
Published: August 2011

O estudo busca analisar a relação entre o perfil epidemiológico da região Nordeste e a produção científica do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem/UFC, identificando as temáticas das teses/dissertações defendida e aprovadas(1995/julho,2001). Para atingir os objetivos, desenvolveu-se um estudo exploratório e descritivo cuja fonte primária foram os dados OPAS/OMS, os indicadores demográficos e sócio-econômicos e os IDB para 2000, que incidiram sobre a classificação das temáticas segundo o Esquema Categorial de Linhas de Pesquisa. Os resultados mostram a concentração da produção científica desse programa nas linhas de pesquisa Determinantes da qualidade de vida e saúde doença (71,3%) referentes a área assistencial e Tecnologia de Enfermagem (57,2) a área profissional, corroborando com as prioridades de indução à pesquisa do CNPq e fortalecendo o atendimento da demanda social. Sugere o incremento das pesquisas para a área de saúde da criança e do idoso e da violência para acompanhar as necessidades geradas pelo perfil epidemiológico gerado pela região Nordeste.
Pós-graduação lato sensu em enfermagem psiquiátrica e saúde mental: história, contexto institucional e atores
Authors: Olschowsky Agnes , Silva Graciette Borges da
Published: August 2011

O objeto de estudo é o ensino de pós-graduação "lato-sensu" de enfermagem psiquiátrica e saúde mental das escolas de enfermagem: EE/UFRGS e EERP/USP. Apresentamos a caracterização desses cursos e o perfil de seus docentes. Através da análise dos planos de ensino, programas e documentos dos cursos de especialização dessas escolas, e de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, obtivemos dados da história e estruturação desses cursos, que foram pioneiros e dinamizadores do ensino especializado da área. Apresentamos suas características quanto à carga horária, número de disciplinas, titulação e formação dos docentes envolvidos, mostrando como vem se constituindo o ensino de enfermagem psiquiátrica e saúde mental.
Reflexão sobre a importância da temática saúde da família no ensino da graduação em enfermagem
Authors: Carrijo Clarissa Irineu de Sousa , Pontes Daniela Oliveira , Barbosa Maria Alves
Published: August 2011

O estudo aborda a inserção e atuação dos enfermeiros recém-formados no Programa de Saúde da Família. Teve como objetivos: analisar as contribuições do processo de formação para a prática do enfermeiro no PSF; verificar se os enfermeiros sentem-se capacitados para trabalhar no Programa de Saúde da Família, tendo em vista o currículo vigente no curso de graduação; discutir as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos enfermeiros frente a vivência do Programa de Saúde da Família. Pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritiva analítica, cujos dados foram obtidos através de entrevista semi-estruturada aplicada a 15 enfermeiros formados a partir do ano de 1997. A análise dos dados possibilitou a formação de duas categorias: qualificação do profissional enfermeiro na atenção primária e dificuldades e satisfação dos enfermeiros na prática de saúde da família. O estudo ao investigar o processo de formação do enfermeiro, desperta a atenção para a necessidade de melhoria da qualidade da abordagem da saúde da família na graduação do curso de enfermagem.
Subnotificação de acidentes com perfurocortantes na enfermagem
Authors: Marziale Maria Helena Palucci
Published: August 2011

Os objetivos da pesquisa foram: identificar os acidentes de trabalho que ocasionaram injúrias percutâneas entre trabalhadores de enfermagem, identificar se os acidentes foram ou não notificados e conhecer os motivos da não notificação. Pesquisa descritiva com análise quantitativa dos dados coletados através de 394 entrevistas com trabalhadores de enfermagem de dois hospitais do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados revelaram que os 394 trabalhadores, 30% da população, sofreram acidentes de trabalho durante o ano de 2001 e desses 277 (70,30%) foram causados por injúrias percutâneas, sendo 173 (62,45%) acidentes notificados e 104 (37,55%) não notificados. Os motivos que levaram a não notificação estavam relacionadas a crenças, falta de conhecimentos e informações sobre o risco de contaminação e forma de registro dos dados.
A textualização de corpos doentes através de imagens: uma das lições da UTI contemporânea
Authors: Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , Meyer Dagmar Estermann
Published: August 2011

Este artigo é parte de uma dissertação em que se discutiu o que chamamos de 'processo de ciborguização da enfermeira' no contexto da terapia intensiva. Para isso, buscamos apoio na teorização cultural e no trabalho de Donna Haraway e seu entendimento de ciborgue. Escolhemos como corpus de análise alguns manuais e protocolos assistenciais. Utilizamos a abordagem metodológica da análise cultural tal como esta vem sendo desenvolvida pelos Estudos Culturais que se aproximam do Pós-estruturalismo, para descrever e analisar a produção de imagens de corpos doentes e sua decodificação, através de um complexo sistema de monitoramento no qual se conectam, de diferentes modos e com diferentes efeitos, corpos doentes, máquinas e corpos de profissionais da enfermagem. Concluimos que é necessário e pertinente visualizar e problematizar toda essa rede de relações como instâncias de produção e disseminação de sentidos sobre o corpo, a vida e o cuidar em enfermagem.
Vigilância epidemiológica no sistema local de saúde
Authors: Leite Juliana Alves , Assis Marluce Maria Araújo , Cerqueira Erenilde Marques de
Published: August 2011

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que visa analisar a organização da Vigilância Epidemiológica (VE) no sistema local de saúde de Feira de Santana-BA, de 1997 a 2001, considerando: estrutura organizacional, recursos disponíveis (humanos e materiais), planejamento, execução das ações e articulação intra, interinstitucional e intersetorial, tendo em vista a inserção do município na Gestão Plena da Atenção Básica. A coleta de dados foi realizada em 3 etapas: análise documental, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observação direta com a equipe da VE. Os resultados revelaram a organização da VE caracterizada por mudanças freqüentes de chefia. A estrutura centralizada na SMS, priorizando ações programáticas desarticuladas da rede de serviços. Nota-se avanços na infra-estrutura, apesar da carência de equipamentos e deficiência na capacitação dos recursos humanos. A transformação do modelo de atenção à saúde ocorrerá quando profissionais de saúde, gestores e usuários consolidarem a vontade política de transformar a prática nos serviços de saúde.
Comunicação escrita: contribuição para a elaboração de material educativo em saúde
Authors: Moreira Maria de Fátima , Nóbrega Maria Miriam Lima da , Silva Maria Iracema Tabosa da
Published: August 2011

A comunicação é uma ferramenta indispensável no contexto da assistência, sendo a forma escrita amplamente utilizada nas atividades educativas em saúde. Este artigo descreve aspectos relacionados com a linguagem, ilustração e layout que o profissional de saúde deve considerar para elaborar material educativo impresso de modo a torná-lo legível, compreensível, eficaz e culturalmente relevante. Considerando-se a grande contribuição do material escrito no contexto da educação em saúde e o papel desses recursos para se promover saúde, prevenir doenças, desenvolver habilidades, favorecer a autonomia do paciente, conclui-se que é importante criar, desenvolver e produzir um material de qualidade que alcance os objetivos do atendimento das necessidades do paciente.
Nas trilhas da etnografia: reflexões em relação ao saber em enfermagem
Authors: Elsen Ingrid , Monticelli Marisa
Published: August 2011

Apresenta-se uma reflexão sobre a etnografia como meio para a construção do conhecimento em enfermagem. A partir da concepção antropológica de etnografia e do cotejamento de alguns estudos de enfermeiras que usaram a etnografia como método/metodologia em suas pesquisas, são tecidas considerações acerca da problematização, do quadro teórico utilizado, da opção pela etnografia como caminho metodológico, da concepção e envolvimento com o trabalho de campo e do texto etnográfico elaborado no cenário do cuidado de enfermagem, apontando-se então algumas implicações que deixam entrever uma forma especial da "etnoenfermagem" contribuir para a "disciplina de enfermagem".
Historicizando a enfermagem e os pacientes em um hospital psiquiátrico
Authors: Borenstein Miriam Süsskind , Pereira Valdete Preve , Ribas Dorotéa Löes , Ribeiro Anesilda Alves de Almeida
Published: August 2011

Trata-se de uma pesquisa histórica cujo objetivo foi historicizar a equipe de enfermagem e os pacientes no Hospital Colônia Sant'Ana (HCS), no período de 1941 a 1960. Foram entrevistados cinco funcionários que trabalharam no Hospital no período do estudo e utilizadas outras fontes documentais. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o referencial foucaultiano. O HCS se caracterizou como principal pólo de assistência psiquiátrica no Estado Catarinense. A equipe de Enfermagem era constituída pelas religiosas, "enfermeiros" e "vigilantes". A instituição recebia pacientes indigentes, conveniados e particulares, com variados diagnósticos médicos e até mesmo, somente casos sociais. As condições gerais do Hospital eram precárias. O período estudado possibilitou visualizar que o tratamento dispensado aos doentes, assim como as condições de trabalho oferecidas aos trabalhadores, estavam distantes do ideal, faziam parte de uma política nacional, caracterizada pela criação de macro hospitais psiquiátricos estatais.
De como o Brasil quase se tornou membro permanente do Conselho de Segurança da ONU em 1945
Authors: Garcia Eugênio V.
Published: August 2011

Este artigo busca investigar como surgiu e se desenvolveu a hipótese de que o Brasil se tornasse um dos membros permanentes do Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas quando a organização foi criada em 1945. As motivações do presidente Roosevelt ao fazer essa proposta em 1944, durante a Conferência de Dumbarton Oaks, as resistências encontradas, assim como a posição que adotou o governo brasileiro na Conferência de São Francisco, são analisadas com base em fontes de arquivo e documentos do período em estudo.
A história do ensino em administração: contribuições teórico-metodológicas e uma proposta de agenda de pesquisa
Authors: Fischer Tânia , Waiandt Claudiani , Fonseca Renata Lara
Published: August 2011

O debate sobre a importância do campo da história na área de administração ficou restrito, principalmente, aos estudos ligados à história dos negócios ou empresariais, à história da gestão e à história organizacional (Costa, Barros e Martins, 2009). No sentido de ampliá-lo, este artigo apresenta a historiografia do ensino e propõe quatro níveis de pesquisa sobre a história do ensino de administração: a) a vida dos mestres (professores) que construíram campos temáticos, formas de ensinar e instituições; b) os legados de ensino dos programas; c) a história das disciplinas escolares; e, d) a história das instituições de ensino. Além disso, revela as possibilidades teóricometodológicas da historiografia da educação para, desta forma, propor uma agenda de ações no sentido de institucionalizar o subcampo de história do ensino de administração no campo da história da administração. Finalmente, conclui-se com a proposta de se ensinar a história do ensino de administração no Brasil, disciplina que é praticamente inexistente nos currículos da área, mais particularmente, esse tema pode ser um componente curricular de disciplinas ou atividades que se propõem a formar mestres e doutores.