bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil da assistência psicológica em um hospital público baiano: procedimentos e processos de trabalho psicológicos
Authors: Gazar Thalita , Oliveira Ilena Rafaela Gama de Britto , Luciano Maria de Fátima Dórea , Sousa Roberto Beirão Santos , Santana Ana Vitória Arnaoutte , Lima Rafael Reis de
Published: February 2024

O fazer da Psicologia Hospitalar, embora recente, abarca variadas intervenções, que com auxílio de registros podem ser evidenciadas através de processos de trabalho. Foi objetivo deste estudo caracterizar o serviço de Psicologia de um hospital geral público baiano e sua assistência entre janeiro e dezembro de 2022. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de consulta documental em Boletim Diário Assistencial e documento que descreve história da Psicologia no hospital através de estatística descritiva e categorização temática dos dados. Desde 1984 há assistência psicológica no hospital, organizada por processos de trabalho e linhas de cuidados materno-infantis, pediátricos, crônicos, cirúrgicos e neurológicos. Em termos de procedimentos, foram prestados 13.821 para pacientes e 13.249 para familiares, com destaque para o atendimento psicológico. Foram realizados 4960 procedimentos não assistências, não descritos no prontuário de saúde, principalmente discussões multiprofissionais (55,82%). Tais procedimentos podem ser analisados através da divisão em processos de trabalho: acolhimento, acompanhamento, avaliação, comunicação, educação, formação, atividades grupais, organizativos, orientação, acolhimento, investigação e terapêuticos. As psicólogas do hospital são diaristas, atuando como interconsultoras quando há solicitação, principalmente de médicas, por telefone, guia de solicitação, sistema de prontuário e presencialmente, tornando-se espaço propício para a prática interdisciplinar. Por fim, pode-se concluir sobre a importância do fazer da Psicologia no hospital em questão e as variadas intervenções realizadas para colaborar com a saúde biopsicossocial de pacientes e seus familiares. Assim também, destaca-se a importância da informação em saúde com registro qualificado para ser instrumento de gestão com vistas de transformar e dar visibilidade a práticas de saúde.
Examining the Future of Automation in Commercialized Flight and its Impact on Airline Pilots
Authors: Bliss Timm , Wise Annie
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to focus on the perceptions of an automated (unmanned) flight deck and its intended implementation in the U.S. airline industry. The objective was to understand fully autonomous aircraft’s influence on commercial pilots, as well as investigate the effects on the U.S. airline industry and human-machine interaction. Commercial airline pilots, including ranks of both Captains and First Officers (FO) in Part 121 scheduled service, were the research population for this study. The sample population number was 15 U.S. airline pilots offering various diversity in age, gender, years of service, airline employer, and military or civilian flight experience. The semi-structured qualitative research consisted of developing a deeper understanding of the pilots’ perceptions of the three-pronged approach: (1) the psychological barriers and motives of the pilot, (2) the differences in aircraft ground-based safety and training, and (3) pilots’ understanding of the timeliness of entry for unmanned flight deck operations to reach FAA standards. The study consisted of participant interviews utilizing a series of ten structured and semi-structured interview questions. The findings concluded that pilots are aware of the workload changes that are present with implementing fully autonomous aircraft in the Part 121 category. Two themes became evident when discussing workload changes. First, the role of the pilot changes from a single flight focus to a multi-flight monitor. Secondly, as technology advances, the pilot’s physical workload of hand flying an aircraft will constantly deteriorate. Furthermore, the advancement of a fully automated flight deck and its effects on the U.S. airline industry can potentially have significant impacts on the psychology of commercial airline pilots. While pilot responses varied based on individual experiences, attitudes, and adaptability, there were several psychological responses identified in this study, including (1) loss of control, (2) uncertainty toward technology, (3) job insecurity, and (4) adaptability. Last, the advancement of a fully autonomous flight deck will obviously create additional concerns for U.S. airline passengers. The most significant concerns for passengers included (1) safety, (2) trust, (3) passenger-pilot relationship, and (4) understanding of technology. Passengers will always question if modern technology has been thoroughly evaluated and if it can react to unexpected situations as safely and effectively as a human.
Telling Tales: Intangible Cultural Heritage, UNESCO and Horse Cultural Heritage in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Sarah Sargent
Published: February 2024

This article challenges the popular notion that there has been an end to the relevance of the horse to the twenty-first-century society. But how and why do they remain relevant? Insight can be found through consideration of the variety horse-heritage elements which have been inscribed on UNESCO lists of intangible cultural heritage. This examination of what horse-heritage elements are inscribed with UNESCO as intangible cultural heritage broadens and deepens critical understanding of the relevance of the horse in the present day.
The question of Christian Slavic refugees and the Russian occupation of the principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia (1877-1879)
Authors: Popek Krzysztof
Published: February 2024

The modern Bulgarian state was founded as a result of the Russian intervention on the Balkan Peninsula in 1877-1878. Until June 1879, the tsarist army occupied the newly created state, which was divided into the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia pursuant to the decision of the Congress of Berlin. During this period, the Russians made all the most important decisions in the eastern Balkans, including those concerning migrations. As a result of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878, about 100,000 Christian Slavs left their homes fleeing the hostilities. After the cease-fire, at the beginning of 1878, most of the refugees came back home; however, the Christians from Macedonia and Thrace, the lands which remained under the Ottoman Empire?s control in accordance with the Treaty of Berlin of July 1878, also started to migrate to Bulgaria. This was a result of unsuccessful uprisings as well as the will to live in a country ruled by the men of the same religion and ethnicity.
Tribes in arms Gjon Marka Gjoni and the irregular and paramilitary volunteer forces of Northern Albania during the fascist occupation (1939-1943)
Authors: Lorenci Markenc
Published: February 2024

This paper analyzes the relationship between Gjon Marka Gjoni, head of the
Mirdita tribes in North Albania, and the phenomenon of mobilization and
recruitment of many men from the hinterland of North Albania in the
irregular and paramilitary forces, i.e., in the voluntary bands and the
Milicia Fashiste Shqiptare [Albanian Fascist Militia], during the Italian
occupation (1939-1943). In addition to his personal role and interpersonal
ties, it focuses on the personal motivations of these forces, with an
emphasis on both economic ones - wages, benefits, and potential banditry
opportunities - and emotional ones, the latter driven by various kinds of
fears. Finally, to better understand their local activity and the dynamics
that emerged, this paper also addresses the nature and the extent of their
violence and the consequent impact on the population.
The functioning of loanwords in the Russian and Chinese languages in the early 21st century (comparative aspect)
Authors: Pan Yuqin
Published: February 2024

The article focuses on the sources and functioning of loanwords in the Chinese and Russian languages in the early 21st century from a comparative aspect, including the dynamics of the functioning of the borrowed lexical units. Using the national corpora of both languages we compared similar units borrowed by Russian and Chinese languages, analyzing the functioning frequency of these words in the texts of the studied languages.
The incidence of patients with pseudoexfoliation in two different regions of Serbia
Authors: Stamenkovic Miroslav , Sarenac-Vulovic Tatjana , Petrovic Nenad , Srejovic Jovana , Cupic Katarina , Popovic Marko , Todorovic Ivana , Todorovic Dusan
Published: February 2024

Introduction/Objective. Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) is an age-related systemic disorder, which can affect the whole body, as well as the eye. It is characterized by abnormal production and accumulation of pseudoexfoliative material. When present in the eye, it can cause different difficulties, but most common are PEX glaucoma (XFG) and intraoperative and postoperative complications of cataract surgeries. The aim of this study was to determine an incidence of patients with PEX in two different regions of Serbia. Methods. The study included 7451 patients scheduled for cataract surgery in two regions of Serbia. It was designed as a multicentric, retrospective study with evaluation of the medical records of all patients who underwent cataract surgery. The study evaluated: incidence of PEX syndrome and PEX glaucoma, age, and sex of patients, as well as preoperative antiglaucomatous therapy and intraoperative and postoperative cataract surgery complications. Results. PEX syndrome (XFS)was recorded in 676 patients (407 females and 269 males), while 243 patients had XFS. It represented 3.26% of patients included in the study. Mean age of XFG patients was 78.1 ?} 2.1 years with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) among incidence of XFG in females compared to males. Intraoperative and postoperative complications during cataract surgery were significantly common in patients with PEX (p < 0.05) Conclusion. PEX can complicate cataract surgery, while on the other hand XFG is more difficult to treat and control than most other glaucomas. Therefore, patients with PEX require special treatment during follow-up and treatment.
Accounting Standardization and Separation in the Municipal Debt Market: Evidence from GASB 34
Authors: Baber William , Beck Amanda , Koester Allison
Published: February 2024

Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 34 (GASB 34, 1999) standardized financial reporting and disclosure requirements for U.S. state and local governments. We interpret debt issuing patterns surrounding GASB 34 implementation as evidence of strategic behavior by governments in anticipation of GASB 34 consequences. Specifically, governments that expected more favorable post-GASB 34 evaluations by municipal bond investors delayed new uninsured debt issues until after, whereas governments that expected less favorable evaluations accelerated debt issues to before, GASB 34 information became publicly available. Governments expecting favorable consequences were more likely than governments expecting adverse consequences to substitute away from insured debt and toward uninsured debt, and to choose new debt financing rather than alternative financing sources following GASB 34. These findings are consistent with the notion that expectations about GASB 34 consequences were realized, and that standardization created through GASB 34 facilitated separation in the municipal debt market.

Data Availability: Data are from publicly available sources identified in the manuscript.

JEL Classifications: G18; H74; M48.
Grading Acanthosis Nigricans Using a Smartphone and Color Analysis: A Novel Noninvasive Method to Screen for Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Dhanoo Andrew S. , Ramroach Sterling K. , Hill-Briggs Felicia , Cockburn Brian N.
Published: February 2024

Objective

The objective of this study was to develop ANcam, a novel method for identifying acanthosis nigricans (AN) using a smartphone camera and computer-aided color analysis for noninvasive screening of people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Research Design and Methods

Adult and juvenile participants with or without diagnosed type 2 diabetes were recruited in Trinidad and Tobago. After obtaining informed consent, participants’ history, demographics, anthropometrics, and A1C were collected and recorded. Three subject matter experts independently graded pictures of the posterior neck and upper back using the ANcam smartphone application and Burke methods. A correlation matrix investigated 25 color channels for association with hyperpigmentation, and the diagnostic thresholds were determined with a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

For the 227 participants with captured images and A1C values, the cyan/magenta/yellow/black (CMYK) model color channel CMYK_K was best correlated with IGT at an A1C cutoff of 5.7% (39 mmol/mol) (R = 0.45, P <0.001). With high predictive accuracy (area under the curve = 0.854), the cutoff of 7.67 CMYK_K units was chosen, with a sensitivity of 81.1% and a specificity of 70.3%. ANcam had low interrater variance (F = 1.99, P = 0.137) compared with Burke grading (F = 105.71, P <0.001). ANcam detected hyperpigmentation on the neck at double the self-reported frequency. Elevated BMI was 2.9 (95% CI 1.9–4.3) times more likely, elevated blood pressure was 1.7 (95% CI 1.2–2.4) times more likely, and greater waist-to-hip ratio was 2.3 (95% CI 1.4–3.6) times more likely with AN present.

Conclusion

ANcam offers a sensitive, reproducible, and user-friendly IGT screening tool to any smartphone user that performs well with most skin tones and lighting conditions.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO DEPRESI PADA IBU PASCABERSALIN
Authors: Amna Zaujatul , Khairani Maya
Published: February 2024

Persalinan membawa berbagai perubahan yang dapat menyebabkan perempuan rentan mengalami depresi pascabersalin. Hal ini tidak hanya berdampak pada ibu tetapi juga pada individu lainnya seperti anak yang baru saja dilahirkan, anak lainnya, pasangan, bahkan anggota keluarga lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko psikologis depresi pascabersalin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei sejak April-September 2022 pada ibu pascabersalin yang dipilih dengan teknik convenience sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa Alat Asesmen Ibu Postpartum (ASIP), Multidimensional of Perceived Social Support (MPSS), dan Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) yang diberikan kepada 359 sampel penelitian dengan kriteria perempuan berusia 18-40 tahun,  pascamelahirkan dengan rentang waktu 4 minggu hingga 1 tahun, dan tidak pernah didiagnosis mengalami gangguan mental oleh profesional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa regulasi emosi, kepuasan pernikahan, dan dukungan sosial menjadi faktor risiko depresi pascabersalin dalam penelitian ini. Sementara itu, lebih dari sepertiga ibu pascabersalin mengalami depresi kategori ringan (34,2%), sedangkan yang lainnya mengalami depresi kategori sedang (19,8%), bahkan depresi berat (5,6%). Implikasi penelitian terhadap faktor risiko depresi dibahas lebih lanjut dalam artikel ini
Characteristics of a large outbreak arising from a school field trip after COVID-19 restrictions were eased in 2022
Authors: Kim Sueng-Jin , Kim Eun-Young , Yu Jeonghee
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study analyzed a large outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that occurred during a high school field trip in the Jeonbuk region and aimed to identify risk factors for COVID-19 infection, with the goal of preventing such outbreaks in the future.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 737 participants, including 668 students and 69 staff at High School A, was designed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of this large COVID-19 outbreak. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate relative risks (odds ratios [ORs]) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: There were 190 confirmed cases (174 students, 16 staff), with an attack rate of 25.8%. Small outbreaks were decreasing before the field trip, but this trend reversed after the trip, leading to larger outbreaks. Logistic regression showed an OR of 2.39 (95% CI, 1.66–3.43; p<0.05) for COVID-19 infection among field trip participants. Among them, 11th graders had an OR of 2.32 (95% CI, 1.53–3.52; p<0.05) compared to 10th graders, while no significant risk difference was found within same-grade teams.Conclusion: There was a high risk for COVID-19 transmission during extracurricular activities with a large number of participants, such as field trips, even after the nationwide Omicron variant epidemic subsided. Even when students are separated into teams and follow different routes, it is challenging to design routes that entirely prevent contact between teams. Thus, programs should be designed carefully, and students with symptoms should be identified before and during the program to isolate them promptly.
Portrait of St. John the Baptist in the prologue of the Fourth Gospel
Authors:   University “1 Decembrie 1918”, Alba Iulia, Moldovan Alexandru
Published: February 2024

This article analyses the portrait of John the Baptist in the prologue of the Gospel of John. It explores both the hymnic prologue (Jn 1:6-8.15) which speaks of John as the witness “sent by God” to testify to the coming Light, as well as the narrative prologue (Jn 1:19-34) where John denies being the Messiah but points to the “Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.” The study excavates the mission, role, and testimony of the Baptizer in preparing the way for Christ. Though subordinate to Jesus, John is presented as the first and paradigmatic witness who actualizes the prophetic tradition to proclaim the arrival of the long-awaited salvation. His testimony progresses from affirming the unknown presence of the One “standing among you” to explicitly identifying Jesus as the pre-existent Son. While the Johannine prologue features multiple witnesses to Christ, John the Baptist is the foremost herald who fades humbly into the background once the Bridegroom appears. As the study unpacks this rich, multi-layered portrait across the opening chapters of John's Gospel, it illuminates John's vital function in revealing the incarnate Logos to the world.
The Importance of the Holy Scripture within the Canonical Tradition of the Orthodox Church
Authors:   “Babeș-Bolyai” University in Cluj-Napoca, Perșa Răzvan
Published: February 2024

This paper examines the views of Orthodox canonists on the relationship between the Holy Scripture and Canon Law in current academic research. It explores two general positions within Orthodox Canon Law: one that considers the Holy Scripture as a fundamental source of Canon Law, and another that postulates a conflict between the principles of love and grace found in Scripture and the legal aspects of Canon Law. The first position categorizes the Holy Scripture as divine written law, while the Holy Tradition is seen as divine unwritten law. The sources of law are further classified into fundamental, historical, and practical sources. The division of Canon Law also includes distinctions such as divine or natural Church Law, common law versus law, and old law versus new law. The text references various canonists and their works to support these classifications. It highlights the understanding of contemporary Orthodox canonists who continue to recognize the Holy Scripture as a source of divine written law, emphasizing the importance of formulating human laws by divine justice. In general, it is emphasized that all the canons of the Church included in the fundamental collection, being regarded as an essential part of the Patristic tradition and the synodal manifestation of the Church, can be understood as manifestations of the ecclesial experience across time and space, guided by the divine grace of the Holy Spirit, and as a continuation of biblical rules and norms.
Biblical and Canonical Grounds for assuming the fulfilment of Man in the Ecclesial Ministry
Authors:   Centre Dumitru Stăniloae Métropole Orthodoxe Roumaine d'Europe Occidentale et Méridionale, Paris, Vlaicu Patriciu-Dorin
Published: February 2024

This text explores the path towards human fulfilment in ecclesial ministry. It sees man's call to growth as a path to realizing one's God-given potential. Although sin obscures this call, God gently guides man toward renewal, culminating in Christ's restorative work. Seeking the kingdom reorients one's priorities toward eternity and aligns personal gifts with God's will. The Church nurtures these gifts, making each believer a vital, responsible member of Christ's Body. Through partaking of grace, one becomes a witness to the world. However, authentic Christian living requires continual purification. The calling to priesthood represents the pinnacle of service through total dedication. Chosen for their maturity and theological grounding, priests devote themselves completely to equipping believers for ministry. Necessary qualities include blamelessness, prudence, and virtuous living. Pastoral ministry starts from an inner call later confirmed by the Church. One who feels drawn to service and theological study discovers through this process a crystallization of vocation, assuming responsibility for living out God's gifts.
“The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius” – a Historiographic Retrospective
Authors:   University of Pretoria (South Africa), Morariu Maxim (Iuliu-Marius)
Published: February 2024

On the commemoration of five centuries after the death of Romanian Ruling Prince Neagoe Basarab (1512-1521), one of the most important representatives of cultural resistance on Romanian territory in the Middle Ages, the author of the present paper shines a light on the history, context and influences of his masterpiece, The Teachings of Neagoe Basarab to His Son Theodosius. Thus, the paper highlights Neagoe Basarab’s prophetic side, how his writings bring education to his people or the influences of authors like Basil I the Macedonian or Constantine Porphyrogenites on his style and ideas. At the same time, due attention is given to the influence of his work of patristic voices such as St John Chrysostom, Dionysius the Areopagite, John Climacus or mystical authors such as Varlaam și Iosafat, to his way of thinking, and the metamorphosis of his ideas. Furthermore, potential influences such as the one of Machiavelli and his chief work, The Prince, are also brought to attention in the paper, emphasising that there are voices that persist in the claim that the Italian author may have influenced Neagoe Basarab’s activity. The paper concludes, among other things, that, through his work, Neagoe Basarab managed to pave the way for Humanist culture on Romanian territory.
Exploring the potential of silymarin in agriculture: A review
Authors: Semida Wael Morad Mohammad , El-Mageed Taia A. Abd , Elmoneim Ayat G. E. Abd , El-Sawah Nevein A.
Published: February 2024

Silymarin, a bioactive compound derived primarily from the seeds and fruit of the milk thistle (Silybum marianum) plant, has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to its potential applications in agriculture. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted role of silymarin in agricultural practices, shedding light on its chemistry, biological activities, and diverse applications. The chemical structure and properties of silymarin are elucidated, emphasizing its unique solubility, stability, and bioavailability, which render it suitable for agricultural use. A significant portion of the review is dedicated to examining the biological activities of silymarin, which encompasses its antioxidant properties. The underlying mechanisms responsible for these activities are explored, highlighting their potential as a natural solution for mitigating environmental stressors that adversely affect crop health and productivity. Illustrative examples from research studies and practical applications underscore its effectiveness in safeguarding agricultural yields and ensuring food security. Furthermore, the review delves into the potential of silymarin to enhance crop growth, yield, and quality. Mechanisms through which silymarin influences plant physiology and metabolism are examined, providing valuable insights into its role as a growth-promoting agent in agriculture. The review concludes with a forward-looking examination of the prospects of silymarin in agriculture, highlighting emerging trends and areas of innovation that hold promise for sustainable and resilient farming systems. In summary, this review consolidates the current body of knowledge surrounding silymarin’s potential in agriculture. It underscores the versatility of silymarin as a natural tool for crop protection, growth enhancement, and environmental sustainability, offering valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking innovative approaches to address the challenges of modern agriculture.
KOMBINASI BAHAN PENYALUT MIKROENKAPSULASI PEPTON DARI IKAN BUSUK MULTISPESIES HASIL TANGKAPAN SAMPINGAN (HTS)
Authors: Ibrahim Bustami , Nurhayati Tati , Swastikawati Ayu Setiti
Published: February 2024

Pepton merupakan salah satu produk yang bersifat higroskopis ketika terkena udara, mudah berikatan dengan air, dan mengalami penggumpalan selama penyimpanan, sehingga mudah mengalami kerusakan mutu secara fisik dan kimiawi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat mikroenkapsulat pepton ikan hasil tangkapan sampingan (HTS) multispesies busuk dengan rasio penyalut antara kombinasi bahan penyalut maltodekstrin dan natrium kaseinat yang terbaik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam empat tahapan yaitu pembuatan pepton cair dengan ikan HTS yang sudah dibusukkan selama 12 jam, lalu dimikroenkapsulasi dengan bahan penyalut maltodekstrin dan natrium kaseinat, dan kemudian mengujicobakan mikroenkapsulat pepton yang sudah dikarakterisasi untuk media pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio penyalut antara kombinasi bahan penyalut maltodekstrin dan natrium kaseinat yang terbaik adalah 75:25. Mikroenkapsulat pepton ikan HTS multispesies busuk memiliki komposisi kimia yaitu kadar air 6,61%, kadar abu 1,67%, kadar protein 32,40%, dan kadar lemak 0,38%. Karakteristik kimia produk yang dihasilkan antara lain kelarutan 45,28%, total nitrogen 4,20%, α-amino nitrogen bebas 0,21 g/100 g, AN/TN 5%, kadar garam 0,40%, pH 5,66, dan gula pereduksi 16,22%. Karakteristik fisik yang diukur adalah derajat putih dengan nilai 95,37%. Nilai aktivitas air (aw) produk pada saat 4 jam pertama menunjukkan nilai lebih rendah daripada nilai aw standard yaitu ≤0,53. Hasil pengukuran Optical Density (OD) menunjukkan adanya pola pertumbuhan pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.
ESTIMASI RADIUS DEFORMASI UPWELLING DARI DATA SATELIT DAN ARGO FLOAT
Authors: Noor Hariansyah , Gaol Jonson Lumban , Nurjaya I Wayan
Published: February 2024

Upwelling adalah proses naiknya massa air laut dari lapisan bawah ke permukaan akibat perbedaan tekanan permukaan. Terjadi proses upwelling akan meningkatkan kesuburan perairan karena massa air di lapisan dalam naik ke permukaan yang kaya nutrisi yang dibutuhkan fitoplankton untuk berkembang. Luas sebaran daerah upwelling (radius deformasi) akan menentukan dampak proses upwelling di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses upwelling dan radius deformasi dari data satelit sensor termal. Data yang digunakan adalah data satelit termal harian dan rata-rata bulanan selama tahun 2014-2018. Data dari buoy Argo digunakan untuk memvalidasi data satelit dan menghitung radius deformasi upwelling. Analisis statistik seperti korelasi, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), bias, dan standar deviasi digunakan untuk menguji keakuratan perkiraan data Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) dari satelit. Data perhitungan radius deformasi dari Argo menunjukkan bahwa pada musim timur terjadi upwelling, SPL berkisaran antara 24-26ºC, normalnya berkisaran antara 27-29ºC. Korelasi antara SPL dari data satelit dan data SPL dari Argo adalah 0,92, nilai RMSE 0,0236, bias 0,017, dan standar deviasi 0,287. Koefisien korelasi antara radius deformasi dari data in situ dan data satelit yang dihitung tinggi (r=0,9) menunjukkan bahwa citra satelit dapat digunakan untuk menentukan radius deformasi.
Aesthetic perception of gingival display on smiling among laypeople seeking dental treatment
Authors: Yuen Jonathan Jun Xian , Saw Zhi Kuan , Ashari Asma , Lau May Nak , Mustapha Nik Mukhriz Nik , Kuppusamy Elavarasi , Rajaran Jothi Raamahlingam
Published: February 2024

Objective

The present study aimed to determine the influence of gingival display on smile perception of adult patients seeking dental treatment.

Materials and methods

A smiling photograph was digitally modified to simulate gingival exposures from -4 mm to +4 mm, each in 2 mm increments. Using a validated questionnaire, 117 subjects were recruited and asked to rate the attractiveness of the smile displayed by the photographs. Friedman tests were applied to compare the perceptions of the overall subjects in addition to subjects within each category. Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare perceptions between the genders, different ages, and ethnicity. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results

The most aesthetic gingival display was at -2 mm and the least aesthetic at -4 mm among all subjects. Females were more critical in evaluating smiles than males. Subjects 50 years or older and the Chinese ethnicity were less sensitive to the range of gingival displays.

Conclusions

Smile perception of varying gingival display among adult laypeople was found to be the most aesthetic at -2 mm, least aesthetic at -4 mm and was influenced by gender, age, and ethnicity.
Challenges in curbing illegal orthodontics: A qualitative study on dental enforcement officers in Malaysia
Authors: Nor Nor Azlida Mohd , Ming Cheong Joo , Bahar Aufa Dahlia , Abidin Haznita Zainal , Kamarudin Yasmin
Published: February 2024

Background

Illegal orthodontics is on the rise, with ‘fake’ braces being reported mainly in South-East Asia. Health concerns have been raised despite ongoing efforts to increase public awareness.

Objectives

To explore the perceptions of Dental Enforcement Officers from The Oral Health Legislation and Enforcement Section, Ministry of Health Malaysia regarding the challenges in managing complaints against ‘fake’ braces providers in Malaysia.

Methods

Three focus group discussions were conducted involving twelve Dental Enforcement Officers (DEOs) who have managed complaints regarding illegal orthodontic practices over the past two years. Participants were asked about their actions in response to complaints and their perceptions of the challenges faced during the incidents. Information collection was concluded once data saturation was achieved. The interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed using NVIVO software.

Results

The data identified six predominant themes which were: (1) A lack of resources; (2) Emotional strain on DEOs; (3) External support for illegal providers; (4) Difficulty in gathering information; (5) Complex planning and execution of raids; and (6) A lack of online regulation.

Conclusion

The management of ‘fake’ braces activities is complicated and requires DEOs to work closely with various authorities for a successful outcome. This study may offer some insight into ways of overcoming these challenges.
Effects of melatonin on lettuce plant growth, antioxidant enzymes and photosynthetic pigments under salinity stress conditions
Authors: EL-Bauome Hemat A. , Doklega Samar M. , Saleh Said A. , Mohamed Ahmed S. , Suliman Ahmad A. , Abd El-Hady Mahmoud A.M.
Published: February 2024

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that significantly decreases the productivity of agricultural crops. Melatonin (MT) acts as an antioxidant and plays a vital role in overcoming oxidative damage. However, previous literature has not provided a clear understanding of the impact of MT on lettuce plants under salinity stress. So, we investigated the effect of exogenous MT at 0 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM and 150 μM on lettuce plants grown under salinity stress (0 mM NaCl, 50 mM NaCl and 100 mM NaCl) with respect to vegetative growth, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, O2
•- and antioxidants enzymes. Results showed that NaCl stress significantly decreased vegetative growth, RWC and photosynthetic pigments and in contrast enhanced dry matter, EL, MDA, H2O2, O2
•-, Na+, Cl-, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) of lettuce plants compared to non-salinized control. The results demonstrated that under salinity conditions, foliar applications of MT significantly alleviated the harmful effects of salinity and increased number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, chlorophyll (a), chlorophyll (b), total chlorophyll, carotenoids and RWC in comparison to untreated plants (control). Meanwhile, dry matter, MDA, H2O2, O2
•-, Na+, Cl-, POD, SOD and GR were significantly decreased compared to untreated lettuce plants. In this respect, spraying MT at 150 μM ranked the first, then 100 μM, compared to the lower concentration (50 μM). In conclusion, MT application can be used to alleviate harmful effects of salinity stress.
A new evolutional model for institutional field knowledge flow network
Authors: Guo Jinzhong , Wang Kai , Liao Xueqin , Liu Xiaoling
Published: February 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to address the limitations in existing research on the evolution of knowledge flow networks by proposing a meso-level institutional field knowledge flow network evolution model (IKM). The purpose is to simulate the construction process of a knowledge flow network using knowledge organizations as units and to investigate its effectiveness in replicating institutional field knowledge flow networks.

Design/Methodology/Approach

The IKM model enhances the preferential attachment and growth observed in scale-free BA networks, while incorporating three adjustment parameters to simulate the selection of connection targets and the types of nodes involved in the network evolution process Using the PageRank algorithm to calculate the significance of nodes within the knowledge flow network. To compare its performance, the BA and DMS models are also employed for simulating the network. Pearson coefficient analysis is conducted on the simulated networks generated by the IKM, BA and DMS models, as well as on the actual network.

Findings

The research findings demonstrate that the IKM model outperforms the BA and DMS models in replicating the institutional field knowledge flow network. It provides comprehensive insights into the evolution mechanism of knowledge flow networks in the scientific research realm. The model also exhibits potential applicability to other knowledge networks that involve knowledge organizations as node units.

Research Limitations

This study has some limitations. Firstly, it primarily focuses on the evolution of knowledge flow networks within the field of physics, neglecting other fields. Additionally, the analysis is based on a specific set of data, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Future research could address these limitations by exploring knowledge flow networks in diverse fields and utilizing broader datasets.

Practical Implications

The proposed IKM model offers practical implications for the construction and analysis of knowledge flow networks within institutions. It provides a valuable tool for understanding and managing knowledge exchange between knowledge organizations. The model can aid in optimizing knowledge flow and enhancing collaboration within organizations.

Originality/value

This research highlights the significance of meso-level studies in understanding knowledge organization and its impact on knowledge flow networks. The IKM model demonstrates its effectiveness in replicating institutional field knowledge flow networks and offers practical implications for knowledge management in institutions. Moreover, the model has the potential to be applied to other knowledge networks, which are formed by knowledge organizations as node units.
Feasibility of kinetic orbital bombardment
Authors: Koene L. , Schouten N.V.H. , Savelsberg R.
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the possible impact effects of orbital bombardment systems and their feasibility are studied. These effects are the projectile penetration into concrete and steel targets and seismic effects. The equations of motion for the re-entry of a projectile and the penetration were solved numerically. The projectile penetration is modelled using the Alekseevskii–Tate model. By varying the altitude (h), projectile length (L), manoeuvre velocity (ΔV) and the target properties, the flight time (t), earthquake magnitude (M) and penetration depth (P) are calculated. The calculations show that the impact of a tungsten alloy rod with a length of 8 m and a 0.4 m diameter results in an earthquake with a seismic magnitude of only 2.5 on the Richter scale. For concrete, the optimal result is obtained for a projectile with a length of 0.56 m. It penetrates 1.79 m with a minimal ΔV trajectory. These results show that a kinetic orbital bombardment system is not feasible without major technological developments, the impact angle being a bottleneck of the concept. Moreover, one has to accept very high costs. Without any means to change the attitude of the projectile, using ICBMs or bombers shows a better penetration performance than re-entry.

Highlights

Weapons in orbit may provide a strategic advantage. However, they are restricted by international space laws.

Impact angle of the projectile is a bottleneck for kinetic orbital bombardment.

Larger impact angles can be achieved, but at the expense of a larger mass-to-orbit.

A hypersonic drag device may be used to optimise the impact angle and thus improve the system.

Alternative projectile delivery methods (Bomber, Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM)) show better performance for both steel and concrete targets.

Essentially, only penetration phenomena matter because the seismic effects are not significant. Therefore, orbital bombardment systems don’t even resemble weapons of mass destruction (WMD).

Given their limited effect, destroying a particular target requires a guidance and flight control system, which, given the high velocities, may not be feasible.
Na comida de minha vó, um encontro ancestral: reflexões arqueológicas acerca do preparo do quiabo enquanto um mediador de relações afrodiaspóricas
Authors: Rodrigues Nascimento Luana
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho pretende tratar de retorno. Retorno à minha vó, quando transfiro a outros aquilo que com ela aprendi, celebrando e reverenciando sua intelectualidade. Retorno à arqueologia, quando me dedico a pensar os percursos que me antecedem, buscando entrelaçá-los com outras sabenças que permitam vislumbrar a ampliação de horizontes do que pode ser esse campo.  Entendendo a arqueologia enquanto um modo de construir narrativas a partir do enfoque nas relações com os materiais, e acredito que o campo oferte reflexões que possibilitem algo interessante no exercício de pensar amplamente as materialidades como agentes mediadores em contextos afrodiaspóricos.
The Clinical Information System That Effects The Patients' Satisfaction Of The Healthcare Services
Authors: Sri Hartono  , Ramli Yanto , Rina Astini  , C. Catur Widayati  , Anees Janee Ali
Published: February 2024

This research intends to understand and investigate how to increase patients' satisfaction by implementing the clinical information system and by looking at the service quality, green environment, and patients' perceptions to provide better patient satisfaction concerning healthcare services. The data collection is done through the distribution of questionnaires in Jakarta, Indonesia. This research is based on descriptive and verification methods; the sample is determined through Purposive Sampling, and the method analysis technique is Partial Least Square (PLS). The research results show that patients' perception significantly influences clinical system information compared to quality services and a green environment to achieve patient satisfaction. Healthcare clinics need to implement the clinical system information to assist the healthcare workers in providing quality patient services.
Impact Analysis Of Monetary And Fiscal Policies On Indonesia’s Economic Growth
Authors: Rachmawaty Rachmawaty , Oktrima Bulan , Waluyo Jati
Published: February 2024

After the Covid-19 pandemic, the world faced economic challenges stagflation, namely high inflation and declining economic growth. To overcome this, the Government made arrangements through monetary and fiscal policies. This study analyses the effect of monetary and fiscal policies on Indonesia's economic growth. This research has eight obtained monetary, fiscal and other macro-economic variables, a novelty compared to the previous researcher. Based on the impulse response analysis in the Vector Error Correction Model, the highest impacted variables to maintain economic growth were the growth of income tax and capital market index, and to negatively impact were exchange money and government expenditure. Over an extended period, it shows that the increase in inflation, money exchange, number of broad-money, interest rate, and government expenditure will impact the decrease of economic growth. In contrast, the increase in government income from tax and capital market indexes will impact the increase in economic growth.
Leader-Member Exchange, Perceived Organisational Support And Job Satisfaction: Mediating Role Of Employee Engagement
Authors: Khair Hazmanan , Jufrizen  , Annisa Nina , Ratih Pratiwi  , Abdul Rozak
Published: February 2024

This study examined the influence of leader-member exchange and perceived organisational support on job satisfaction, with employee engagement as a mediator, either directly or indirectly. This study employs a quantitative associative methodology. This study's participants were all PT Pelabuhan Indonesia (Persero) TPK Perawang employees. This study's sample consisted of a total of 67 employees who were selected using the saturated sampling procedure. Interviews and questionnaires were used for data collection in this study. This investigation employed SEM-PLS for data analysis. This investigation processes data using the Partial Least Square software tool. This study demonstrates that Leader-Member Exchange, Perceived Organisational Support, and Employee Engagement significantly affect Job Satisfaction. Leader-member exchange and Perceived Organisational Support significantly affect Employee Engagement. Leader-member exchange has a significant impact on Job Satisfaction through Employee Engagement, and Perceived Organisational Support has a significant impact on Employee Engagement.
Carl Rogers’ Leben und Werk: Eine Einschätzung zum 100. Jahrestag seines Geburtstags
Authors: Kirschenbaum Howard
Published: February 2024

Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über das Leben und Werk von Amerikas einflussreichstem Berater und Psychotherapeuten Carl Rogers (1902–1987) und seinen zahlreichen Beiträgen auf dem Gebiet der Beratung. Er entwickelte den nicht-direktiven, Klientenzentrierten bzw. Personzentrierten Ansatz für Beratung und die helfende Beziehung. Er machte den Begriff „Klient“ populär, war die erste Person, die Beratungssitzungen auf Tonträger aufzeichnete, verwischte die Grenzen zwischen Beratung und Psychotherapie und führte mehr Forschung zu Beratung und Psychotherapie durch, als je zuvor gemacht worden war. Er war eine Leitfigur in der humanistischen psychologischen Bewegung. In seinen späteren Jahren wandte er den Personzentrierten Ansatz an, um Konflikte zwischen Gruppen sowie internationale Konflikte zu lösen. Sein Einfluss ist sowohl ein geschichtlicher als auch ein gegenwärtiger, da die Arbeit zum Klientenzentrierten Ansatz weitergeht und die aktuelle Forschung viele von Rogers’ früheren Beiträgen validiert.
Die Globalisierung, der Personzentrierte Ansatz und die Kultur des Barock
Authors: De Peretti André
Published: February 2024

In diesem Beitrag erörtert der Autor seine Hypothese, dass die moderne Welt durch die Umwälzungen der Globalisation in ein Zeitalter geschleudert wird, das mit dem Barock vergleichbar ist. Diese Periode zeichnete sich durch Üppigkeit, „Trug“ und „Täuschung“ aus, aber auch durch eine optimistische Haltung, die gleichzeitig das Negative nicht ausschloss, also ein Zeitalter der Paradoxa. Der Autor meint, dass der Personzentrierte Ansatz sehr gut dazu passt, da er dem Prinzip des Paradoxons folgt: Der Personzentrierte Therapeut vertritt eine positive Haltung, indem er ganz in seiner Kongruenz und Akzeptanz präsent ist, und bekennt sich gleichzeitig zur Negativität als Verneinung, indem er eine gewisse Zurückhaltung übt, um eine Abhängigkeit des Klienten zu vermeiden. Er arbeitet mit dem metaphorischen Kolibri auf der Schulter.
Das Menschenbild des Personzentrierten Ansatzes zwischen Humanismus und Naturalismus
Authors: Finke Jobst
Published: February 2024

Angesichts der in Natur- und Humanwissenschaften aktuellen Naturalismus-Kulturalismus-Kontroverse hat sich die Personzentrierte Psychotherapie zu positionieren und für sich zu klären, ob sie in ihren fundamentalen Begründungen stark humanistischen oder eher biologistisch-physikalistischen Argumentationslinien folgt. Da sich aus den Entwürfen der Humanistischen Psychologie personalistisch und subjekttheoretisch begründete Positionen ergeben, Positionen, die konträr zu naturalistischen Ansätzen stehen, werden diesbezügliche Selbstdefinitionen des PCA untersucht. Besonders am für die Persönlichkeitstheorie des PCA zentralen Konzept der Aktualisierungstendenz und des „Wachstums“ sowie etwa der diesbezüglichen Bezugnahmen auf moderne Autopoiesismodelle wird die gelegentlich doppeldeutige, oft eindeutig naturalistische Argumentationsweise innerhalb des PCA gezeigt. Dabei werden auch die Konzepte von „Natur“ (der Natur im Allgemeinen, der menschlichen im Besonderen) in ihren oft sehr differenten Erscheinungsweisen beschrieben. Es wird für ein dezidiert humanistisches, d. h. personalistisch, subjekttheoretisch wie kulturhistorisch begründetes Menschenbild des PCA plädiert.
Schließlich soll das Konzept der Aktualisierungstendenz unter einer eher anwendungsorientierten, aber auch humanistischen Perspektive konkretisiert werden. So wird versucht, die „Aktualisierungstendenz“ in den Äußerungsformen personalen Lebensvollzuges zu fassen. Als solche Äußerungsformen werden das Selbstkonzept, die Lebensthematik und die Lebenstechnik herausgestellt.
Die Bindungstheorie als Grundlage für das empathische Eingehen auf das Beziehungsangebot von Patienten
Authors: Höger Diether , Müller Doris
Published: February 2024

In diesem Beitrag soll theoretisch begründet und mit einem Fallbeispiel veranschaulicht werden, wie anhand der von Bowlby und Ainsworth begründeten Bindungstheorie das Beziehungsangebot der Personzentrierten Psychotherapie und dessen Wirksamkeit theoretisch begründet werden kann. Darüber hinaus gibt sie auch für die Praxis entscheidende Hinweise für die Gestaltung therapeutischer Interventionen, die auch unter schwierigen Bedingungen vom Patienten als zugleich empathisch und bedingungsfrei akzeptierend wahrgenommen werden können.
Beziehung: Ein tausendfach reflektierender Spiegelsaal
Authors: Zinschitz Elisabeth
Published: February 2024

Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, Überlegungen darüber anzustellen, welche Grundfähigkeiten der Mensch haben muss, um überhaupt von einer therapeutischen Beziehung profitieren zu können. Die personzentrierte Literatur beschäftigt sich in erster Linie mit den vom Therapeuten zu erfüllenden Bedingungen der Empathie, Akzeptanz und Kongruenz. Hier jedoch liegt das Augenmerk auf der ersten und sechsten Bedingung, die vom Klienten erfüllt werden müssen und in denen es um Kontaktfähigkeit und Wahrnehmung geht. Im Folgenden wird zuerst die personzentrierte und dann die entwicklungspsychologische Perspektive herangezogen, um zu verstehen, welche Fähigkeiten für diese beiden Funktionen erforderlich sind. Abschließend wird noch überlegt, dass diese Erkenntnisse für die psychotherapeutische Arbeit mit geistig behinderten und psychotischen Klienten von Interesse sein können.