bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Cara Kerja Panel Surya Dan Mikrokontroler Arduino Untuk Sumber Tenaga Penyuplai Air Irigasi Sawah
Authors: Triyanto Doni
Published: January 2021

Teknologi berkembang sangat pesat pada era saat ini, terutama pada bidang pertanian. Pertanian di indonesia merupakan salah satu barometer terbesar untuk masyarakat Indonesia khusunya dalam bidang pangan. Pada tahun 70-an mulai adanya energi baru dan semakin mendapatkan perhatian pada saat krisis energi dunia, salah satu energi baru itu adalah energi surya atau tenaga surya yang di hasilkan oleh matahari. Pada sektor pertanian sawah pun membutuhkan sebuah alat untuk mengontrol sistem kerja pada panel surya dan alat pompa di butuhkan alat yang bernama Arduino yang nantinya akan mengatur sistem kerja pompa air dan panel surya untuk mengatur kontrol pembuangan air dari ilnet ke area persawahan dengan cara kerja yang lebih moderen dan tidak seperti biasanya yang di gunakan pada petani dan masih mengunakan alat pompa air yang masih mengunakan bahan bakar minyak. Penelitian ini melakukan eksperimen yang dilakukan dengan cara memanipulasi objek penelitiannya. Alat yang digunakan berupa panel surya dan diproses melalui conventer untuk mencharge baterai untuk menghidupkan Mikrokontroller Arduino dan mengelola data dari panel surya untuk mengirim kontrol otomasi On-Off mengunakan modul bluetooth HC-05 dan menampilkan visual otomasi On-Off Smartphone untuk memberikan perintah pengakses kontrol otomasi On-Off untuk menghidupkan pompa air selanjutnya pompa mengalirkan air untuk irigasi sawah. Dari hasil pengujian semua komponen alat, dapat disimpulkan hasil keseluruhan sistem bekerja dan berfungsi sesuai dengan rancangan sistem. Manfaat dari sistem ini memudahkan petani dan membantu meminimalisir dana untuk meningkatkan produktifitas tanam.
Fam174B is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that family with sequence similarity 174 member B, encoded by Fam174B, also known as LOC400451, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). Fam174B mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of Fam174B in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of Fam174B expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
DACH1 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that dachshund homolog 1, encoded by DACH1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. DACH1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of DACH1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of DACH1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Tugas Laporan Literatur Review Ahmad Sahid Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Sahid Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Tugas Mata Kuliah Media Pembelajaran
Analisis Kinerja Perawat Pada Proses Keperawatan dalam Pemberian Asuhan Keperawatan
Authors: Elvahra Zoya
Published: January 2021

Proses keperawatan adalah suatu metode pemberian asuhan keperawatan secarasistematis dan ilmiah yang digunakan perawat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan klien dalam mencapaiatau mempertahankan keadaan biologis, psikologis, sosial, dan spiritual yang optimal, melaluitahap pengkajian, identifikasi diagnosa keperawatan, penentuan rencana keperawatan,melaksankan tindakan keperawatan, serta evaluasi tindakan keperawatan. Proses keperawatan inimembutuhkan keterampilan analisa dan komunikasi yang baik. Pada proses keperawatanterutama pada tahap implementasi dari proses keperawatan seseorang perawat harus mempunyaikemampuan interpersonal, teknis dan kolaborasi dengan profesi lain.
Reliable evidence for implicit attentional responses to aversive conditioned stimuli
Authors: Leganes-Fonteneau Mateo , Cseh Daniel , Duka Theodora
Published: January 2021

Literature on implicit Pavlovian conditioning has generated a long-standing debate, and evidence for implicit aversive learning effects has often been criticized for its lack of experimental rigor and statistical reliability. We set out to investigate whether attentional emotional responses to aversive conditioned stimuli can occur implicitly.Across two experiments, participants completed an aversive conditioning task in which abstract geometrical shapes were conditioned with high or low probabilities of hearing an aversive white noise. A novel Bayesian awareness categorization tool was applied to obtain evidence for participants who lacked stimulus-outcome contingency awareness. Then, conditioned stimuli were presented in an emotional attentional blink (Exp.1, n=40; n=21 unaware) and a modified flanker task (Exp.2, n=86; n= 69 unaware) to measure attentional conditioned effects. Finally, participants rated the subjective valence and arousal caused by the conditioned stimuli. We found that, for participants unaware of contingencies, conditioned stimuli associated with high probabilities of aversive noise were harder to detect in the emotional attentional blink and generated less attentional interference on the flanker task. Regarding the development of subjective responses, only aware participants showed learning effects. For both experiments, the awareness categorization did not lead to regression-to-the-mean effects, revealing a reliable determination of awareness states. These findings provide evidence for the existence of implicit aversive learning as demonstrated via conditioned attentional responses, and build an analytical framework that can be extrapolated to other implicit paradigms.
Social Anxiety and Empathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pittelkow Merle-Marie , aan het Rot Marije , Seidel Lea Jasmin , Feyel Nils , Roest Annelieke
Published: January 2021

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between social anxiety and affective (AE) and cognitive empathy (CE). Methods: 1442 studies from PsycINFO, Medline, and EMBASE (inception-January 2020) were systematically reviewed. Included studies (N = 48) either predicted variance in empathy using social anxiety scores or compared empathy scores between socially anxious individuals and a control group. Results: Social anxiety and AE were statistically significantly positively associated, k = 14, r= .103 (95%CI [.003, .203]), z =2.03, p =.043. Sex (QM (2) = 18.79, p< .0001), and type of measures (QM (1 = 7.34, p =.007) moderated the association. Correlations were significant for male samples (rmale= .316, (95%CI [.200, .432])) and studies using self-report measures (rself-report = .162 (95%CI [.070, .254])). Overall, social anxiety and CE were not significantly associated, k=52, r =-.021 (95%CI [-.075, .034]), z= -0.74, p = .459. Sample type moderated the association (QM (1)= 5.03, p <.0001). For clinical samples the association was negative (rclinical= -.112, (95%CI [-.201, -.017]). Conclusion: There was evidence for a positive association between social anxiety and AE, but future studies are needed to verify the moderating roles of sex and type of measure. Besides, low CE might only hold for patients with SAD.
Mapping established psychopathology scales onto the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)
Authors: Wendt Leon Patrick , Jankowsky Kristin , Schroeders Ulrich , Nolte Tobias , Fonagy Peter , Montague P. Read , Zimmermann Johannes , Olaru Gabriel
Published: January 2021

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) organizes phenotypes of mental disorder based on empirical covariation, offering a comprehensive organizational framework from narrow symptoms to broader patterns of psychopathology. We argue that established self-report measures of psychopathology from the pre-HiTOP era should be systematically integrated into HiTOP to foster cumulative research and further the understanding of psychopathology structure. Hence, in this study, we mapped 92 established psychopathology (sub)scales onto the current HiTOP working model using data from an extensive battery of self-report assessments that was completed by community participants and outpatients (N = 909). Content validity ratings of the item pool were used to select indicators for a bifactor-(S-1) model of the p factor and five HiTOP spectra (i.e., internalizing, thought disorder, detachment, disinhibited externalizing, antagonistic externalizing). The content-based HiTOP scales were validated against personality disorder diagnoses as assessed by standardized interviews. We then located established scales within the taxonomy by estimating the extent to which scales reflected higher-level HiTOP dimensions. The analyses shed light on the location of established psychopathology scales in HiTOP, identifying pure markers and blends of HiTOP spectra, as well as pure markers of the p factor (i.e., scales assessing mentalizing impairment and suspiciousness/epistemic mistrust).
Iceberg Of Psikoanalysis
Authors: Pernandes Daniel , Yaslim Nathania Pramendra , Diana Bela , Triwantoro Heribertus Fajar , Sarereake Eva Anita
Published: January 2021

Latar belakang Teori psikoanalisa Sigmund Freud dikenal karena memperkenalkan ego, superego dan id dalam diri manusia. Sekalipun banyak kontroversi atas teori ini tetapi kenyataannya masih digunakan dalam dunia pendidikan. Superego dan id digambarkan sebagai alam bawah sadar seumpama bagian gunung es yang tidak terlihat. Keduanya lebih besar dari ego yang tampak di permukaan, masalahnya apabila id sama dengan ego maka supergo sama dengan nol artinya superego tidak berfungsi. Dengan demikian kejahatan akan lebih mudah muncul dalam perbuatan manusia, tujuan ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan superego dalam teori Sigmund Freud dalam pendidikan. Apabila superego lebih besar maka dipastikan ego sama dengan superego, pendekatan yang digunakan untuk penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survey memakai Google form. Kajian yang menggunakan sumber yang berhubungan dengan teori psikoanalisa dan penggunaannya dalam pendidikan.
Addressing the dilemma of India’s state dependency on Alcohol: ‘New-Soft’ Paternalism approach
Authors: Jolad Shivakumar , Ravi Chaitanya
Published: January 2021

Indian states have alcohol policies ranging from strict prohibition to high taxation and overregulation. A pernicious effect of prohibition, in particular, has been the clogging of judiciary, disproportionate impacts on the poor and marginalized and diversion of already limited state capacities. In this article, we examine the role of state policy in India in addressing alcoholism’s deleterious impacts such as economic hardships, domestic violence and high disease burden. We have traced the current policy ambivalence to India’s history with attitudes ranging from permissiveness, colonial-era commodification to prohibition. We argue that India’s current alcohol policy can be understood as a combination of ‘old’ paternalism built on moral-religious ideas and ‘hard’ paternalism where the state interference overrides conscious choice of individual agent. We propose a ‘new-soft,’ post colonial framework which strikes a balance between individual choice, public health, gender parity and state revenues while eschewing disproportionate prosecution and punishment.
Precise Location and Mapping of the Main Central Thrust Zone in Reference to Micro-Structures and Deformation along Khudi-Tal Area of Marsyangdi Valley
Authors: Pandeya Lokendra , Paudyal Kabi Raj
Published: January 2021

Geological mapping was carried out along Marsyangdi valley in the Khudi - Dahare -Tal area on a scale of 1: 50,000 covering about 142 square kilometers. Recent study aims to locate the Main Central Thrust (MCT) precisely based on lithostratigraphy, micro-structures, deformation, and metamorphism. Several thin sections were observed to study the metamorphism, deformation, and micro-structures developed in the rocks. The rocks sequences in both the Higher Himalaya and the Lesser Himalaya have undergone polyphase metamorphism and deformation. The Lesser Himalaya experienced first burial metamorphism (M1) followed by garnet grade inverted metamorphism related to the MCT activity (M2) followed by retrograde metamorphism (M3) whereas the Higher Himalaya has undergone regional high-pressure/ high-temperature kyanite/ sillimanite- grade prograde regional metamorphism (M1) followed by the (M2) related to ductile sharing which in turn is overprinted by the later post-tectonic retrograde garnet to chlorite grade metamorphism during exhumation. The polyphase deformation is indicated by the cross-cutting foliation and many other features. The deformation phase D1 is associated with the development of the bedding parallel foliation due to burial in both the Higher Himalaya and the Lesser Himalaya. Isoclinal folds and crenulation cleavage were developed before the collision is categorized as D2. Development of nearly N- S trending mineral and stretching lineation, south vergent drag folds, folded S2 cleavage and microscopic shear sense indicators, rotated syn- tectonic garnet grains, etc. were developed during the deformation D3 related to the ductile shearing through the MCT. Various brittle faults and shear zones cross-cutting all earlier features were developed during D4 during the upheaval. The rocks in the MCT zone are affected by intense sharing and mylonitization as indicated by the presence of many mylonitic structures in the thin sections throughout the Lesser Himalaya in the area. Features like polygonization and ribbon quartz with evidence of sub-grain rotation, mica fish, syn-tectonic rotated garnet grains indicate the ductile shearing in the MCT area suggesting the dynamic recrystallization in the MCT zone whereas rocks of the Higher Himalaya show the evidence of recrystallization under static condition. The MCT zone was mapped precisely based on the microstructures and deformation.
Hydrogeological Study in and around Birendranagar Municipality, Surkhet Valley, Mid-Western Nepal
Authors: B. C. Roshani , Pathak Dinesh , Gautam Ramesh
Published: January 2021

This study is carried out in parts of Surkhet valley, which is one of the Dun valleys (Inner Terai) in Nepal. Tubewell data was collected, dug well inventory with water table measurement was carried out followed by the data analysis leading to the groundwater resource assessment of the study area. The subsurface sediment distribution in the study area consist clay, sand and gravel giving rise to multiple aquifer horizons. Groundwater potential map has been prepared for parts of Surkhet valley and groundwater resource assessment has been carried out for the entire valley. Groundwater potential map was prepared using various thematic layers. Weights and rank were assigned, respectively to each thematic layer and its classes based on their significance for the groundwater occurrence. Most of the study area has medium groundwater potential with low potential at north east and high potential at southeast of the study area. The groundwater resource assessment for the valley, carried out by water balance method and aquifer analysis reveals that there is good groundwater reserve in the valley that can significantly fulfill the water demand in the area if properly exploited with required management of land and water resources in the area.
Understanding Intelligence Studies
Authors: Kunwar Ramesh Raj
Published: January 2021

This paper contributes to the understanding of varieties of concept of intelligence and its application in broad academic and non-academic fields. This paper is an attempt to show that human’s intelligence is a very important construct that is constantly being used to apply skills, knowledge and ideas in the fields of social, cultural, political, religious, spiritual, crisis, war and peace environment. The study of Intelligence teaches about the ways to get knowledge to become capable and to further enable individual, groups, and institutions to solve the problems for maintaining sustainability. The term Intelligence has a wide application and is used from micro to the macro level encompassing person, group, and the system. Furthermore, this construct is widely accepted and applied in wider area of health to military intelligence and also used in understanding emotional, cultural, and spiritual intelligence. Thus, the author considers that the study of various forms of intelligence could be an important contribution for the academic as well as the applied worlds.
A Comparison of Classical Holomorphic Dynamics and Holomorphic Semigroup Dynamics-II
Authors: Subedi Bishnu Hari , Singh Ajaya
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we prove that the escaping set of a transcendental semi group is S-forward invari-ant. We also prove that if a holomorphic semi group is a belian, then the Fatou, Julia, and escaping sets are S-completely invariant. We also investigate certain cases and conditions that the holomorphic semi group dynamics exhibits the similar dynamical behavior just like a classical holomorphic dynamics. Frequently, we also examine certain amount of connections and contrasts between classical holomorphic dynamics and holomorphic semi group dynamics.
ANALISIS INDEKS KUALITAS TANAH LAHAN KERING PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DESA NGALANG, KECAMATAN GEDANGSARI, KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Wicaksono Arya Satrya , Herlambang Susila , Saidi Didi
Published: January 2021

Pertumbuhan penduduk meningkat 1,3% setiap tahunnya (BPS, 2010). Untuk mengimbangi pertumbuhan penduduk maka diperlukan pemanfaaatan lahan kering dalam memenuhi kebutuhan penduduk akan pangan. Indonesia memiliki luasan lahan kering potensial 13,7 juta ha yang masih belum dimanfaatkan. Namun, lahan kering memiliki faktor pembatas salah satunya kualitas tanah di lahan kering tergolong rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (a) menentukan indeks kualitas tanah pada berbagai penggunaan lahan dan (b) mengetahui sebaran kualitas tanah pada berbagai penggunaan lahan di Desa Ngalang, Kecamatan Gedangsari, Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Kemudian dianalisis di laboratorium. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei, dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan pengklasifikasian kelas kualitas tanah menggunakan IKT (Indeks Kualitas Tanah) yang dihitung menggunakan metode Minimum Data Set dari Mausbach dan Seybold (1998) dan dilanjutkan penentuan kriteria kualitas tanah. Titik sampel ditentukan berdasarkan Peta Satuan Lahan (PSL) yang dibuat dari overlay peta penggunaan lahan, peta jenis tanah, dan peta kemiringan lereng, pada penelitian ini terdapat 8 titik lokasi antara lain (TE1, TE2, TI1, TI2, SE1, SE2, SI1, dan SI2). Parameter yang digunakan antara lain: Berat volume, porositas,  kadar debu dan lempung tanah, pH H2O, kemiringan lereng, panjang lereng, faktor lereng, kadar C – organik, N – total, P – tersedia, dan K - tersedia tanah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil kualitas kriteria buruk seluas 66,70 ha atau 11,17% dari areal yang diamati dengan nilai IKT meliputi satuan lahan TE2 (0,391); Kriteria sedang seluas 477,12 ha atau 79,89% dari areal yang diamati terletak meliputi satuan lahan TE1 (0,449), TI1 (0,596) TI2 (0,590), SE1 (0,477), SE2 (0,490), dan SI1 (0,578); Dan kriteria baik seluas 59,41 ha atau 8,94% meliputi satuan lahan SI2 (0,659).
BEBERAPA SIFAT FISIKA DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA AREAL REVEGETASI TANAMAN SENGON DI WASTE DUMP TAMBANG BATUBARA DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Fitriani Dwi Ayu , Nurcholis Mohammad , Mulyanto Djoko
Published: January 2021

Pertambangan tambang terbuka dapat berakibat menurunkan produktivitas tanah karena perubahan sifat fisik, sifat kimiawi, dan sifat biologi tanah. Perubahan tersebut meliputi: pemampatan, penurunan daya tahan tanah terhadap erosi, penurunan produktivitas tanah, laju infiltrasi yang mempengaruhi air tanah, penurunan pH tanah, dan penurunan populasi mikroba tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penentu pertumbuhan tanaman sengon berhubungan dengan sifat fisika dan kimia tanah sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan pertumbuhan pada tanaman sengon berumur 5 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan di areal waste dump tambang batubara di Kalimantan Selatan, dengan menggunakan metode survei. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan dengan metode purposif dengan membagi areal menjadi 4 lokasi yaitu datar 1, miring 1, datar 2 dan miring 2 dan sampel yang diambil berjumlah 12 buah. Data hasil setiap blok dihitung rata-rata dan deviasi standarnya.  Unuk mengetahui hubungan antar parameter digunakan analisis regresi, dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang signifikan antar area digunakan Uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisik, kimiawi dan pertumbuhan sengon pada kemiringan lebih baik dari pada areal datar dan faktor penentu pertumbuhan sengon sebagai vegetasi utama untuk sifat fisik adalah porositas, permeabilitas dan tinggi lempung, sedangkan untuk sifat kimia adalah C-organik, total N, P tersedia, dan KPK.
PENDUGAAN EROSI DAN PEMETAAN TINGKAT BAHAYA EROSI DI DESA SAMBIREJO KECAMATAN PRAMBANAN KABUPATEN SLEMAN D.I. YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Malinda Raina Nur , Arbiwati Dyah , Wardoyo Sugiman Setyo
Published: January 2021

Erosi dapat terjadi karena faktor erosivitas hujan, erodibitas tanah, kemiringan dan panjang lereng serta penggunaan lahan dan pengelolaan lahan. Desa Sambirejo termasuk dalam desa yang memiliki bentuk lahan yang berbukit-bukit dengan berbagai macam kemiringan mulai dari datar (0-8%) hingga sangat terjal (>45%). Kemiringan yang beragam akan mempengaruhi kecepatan aliran air permukaan. Selain itu Desa Sambirejo memiliki berbagai macam penggunaan lahan antara lain kebun atau perkebunan, permukiman, sawah irigasi, sawah tadah hujan, tegalan, rumput atau lahan kosong, semak belukar dan tubuh air. Pemanfaatan lahan yang berbeda-beda pada berbagai macam kemiringan lereng dapat memperbesar risiko terjadinya erosi apabila tidak didukung dengan pengelolaan lahan yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pendugaan erosi dan sebaran Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) di Desa Sambirejo. Perhitungan pendugaan erosi dihitung menggunakan metode USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) dan kelas TBE ditentukan berdasarkan tabel klasifikasi TBE menurut Kementrian Kehutanan (2013). Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survey. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan dengan metode purposive berdasarkan overlay peta kemiringan lereng dan peta penggunaan lahan, sehingga diperoleh 16 satuan peta lahan. Parameter yang diukur antara lain erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas tanah, panjang lereng, kemiringan lereng, penggunaan lahan dan pengelolaan lahan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pendugaan erosi tertinggi pada satuan lahan tegalan sangat terjal dengan nilai A sebesar 5.210,45 ton/ha/thn (38,88 cm/thn) dan terendah nilai A sebesar 6,96 ton/ha/thn (0,05 cm/thn) pada satuan lahan sawah tadah hujan terjal. Tingkat bahaya erosi (TBE) diperoleh kelas ringan, sedang, berat dan sangat berat, sedangkan persentase luasan TBE yaitu, ringan 2,25%, sedang 19,01%, berat 4,32% dan sangat berat sebesar 74,43%.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN KAKAO DAN TANAMAN PADI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DI DESA NGALANG, KECAMATAN GEDANGSARI, KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Putradinantyo Adityarizqy , Kundarto Muhammad , Arbiwati Dyah , Sudarto Lanjar
Published: January 2021

Lahan kering yang luas di Desa Ngalang umumnya digunakan sebagai tegalan atau sawah non-irigasi. Budidaya tanaman kakao mulai ditinggalkan oleh warga karna produksinya menurun. Selain itu, penggunaan sawah non-irigasi yang ditanami tanaman padi hasilnya belum optimal. Untuk memperbaiki atau meningkatkan kemampuan lahan diperlukan adanya analisis kesesuaian lahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik lahan dan menganalisis kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman kakao dan tanaman padi di Desa Ngalang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey, dengan penentuan titik sampel menggunakan metode purposive berdasarkan satuan peta lahan yang dibentuk dari hasil overlay peta jenis tanah dan peta kemiringan lereng. Untuk analisis data dengan menggunakan metode pembandingan (matching) antara data karakteristik lahan dengan kriteria kesesuaian lahan. Karakteristik Desa Ngalang memiliki bentuk lahan berbukit, jenis tanah didominasi oleh tanah Inceptisol, dan ketersediaan air permukaan yang rendah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diketahui bahwa kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual untuk tanaman kakao di seluruh Desa Ngalang termasuk kelas N (tidak sesuai) dengan faktor pembatas ketersediaan air, kedalaman tanah, kemiringan lereng, dan penyiapan lahan. Terdapat dua kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual untuk tanaman padi sawah tadah hujan di Desa Ngalang, yaitu kelas S3 (sesuai marginal) seluas 716,7 Ha atau (48,4%) dengan faktor pembatas ketersediaan air, media perakaran, retensi hara, hara tersedia, bahaya erosi dan kemiringan lereng. Kelas N seluas 764,3 Ha (51,6%) dengan faktor pembatas media perakaran, bahaya erosi dan penyiapan lahan.
A new variational approach and its application toheavy quarkonia
Authors: Manzoor R. , Ahmed J. , Raya A.
Published: January 2021

By combining the variational principle with Heisenberg uncertaintyprinciple in an effective Hamiltonian for heavy flavored mesons, we in-troduce a framework to estimate masses and radii of these states froman analytical constraint. In a novel manner, a model for quark velocityand a model for quark momentum width are introduced. These kinemat-ical model parameters are obtained as analytical functions of inter quarkseparation in heavy quarkonia. The values of such quark parameters arethen used in the calculation of S-wave annihilation decay rates of \bar{c}c and\bar{b} b. To test the accuracy of our technique we first calculate the spin averaged masses, scalar radii and annihilation decay rates of charmoniumand bottomonium without and with relativistic corrections by solving theSchrödinger wave equation with the appropriate parametrization of the Song-Lin potential. The Schrödinger wave equation is solved numericallywith the matrix Numerov method and we observe a good agreement withthe experimental measurements and other theoretical calculations and extract strong running coupling constant for \bar{c}c and \bar{b}b systems. In non rel-ativistic settings, heavy meson spectra have been obtained and extended to rather higher excited states within our framework by using bare masses of c and b quarks which we have extracted from analysis of experimentaldata
First principles calculation of structural, electronic and optical properties of (001) and (110) growth axis (InN)/(GaN)n superlattices
Authors: Bachir Bouiadjra B. , Mehnane N. , Oukli N.
Published: January 2021

Based on the full potential linear muffin-tin orbitals (FPLMTO) calculation within density functional theory, we systematically investigate the electronic and optical properties of (100) and (110)-oriented (InN)/(GaN)n zinc-blende superlattice with one InN monolayer and with different numbers of GaN monolayers. Specifically, the electronic band structure calculations and their related features, like the absorption coefficient and refractive index of these systems are computed over a wide photon energy scale up to 20 eV. The effect of periodicity layer numbers n on the band gaps and the optical activity of (InN)/(GaN)n SLs in the both  growth axis (001) and (110) are examined and compared. Because of prospective optical aspects of (InN)/(GaN)n such as light-emitting applications, this theoretical study can help the experimental measurements.
Lillie Langtry in Canada and the U.S.A., 1882-1917
Authors: Lawrence Robert G.
Published: January 2021

Lillie Langtry was the most controversial English stage performer to come to North America during the heyday of theatrical touring, c. 1880-1939. She returned frequently, to have her plays and performances almost invariably damned by critics and frequently by mayors. Yet the public was fascinated by Langtry and made her wealthy by crowding into Canadian and American theatres, attracted in part by rumours of her relationship with Edward, Prince of Wales. Langtry's brief visit to Windsor, Ontario, after The Degenerates was banned in Detroit in April 1900, illustrates the kind of controversy that she frequently aroused.
The Marginalization of the Canadian Popular Theatre Alliance in the Discourse of Canadian Theatre History
Authors: Filewod Alan
Published: January 2021

The discourse of Canadian theatre history assigns priority and value in terms of the evolution of the theatrical profession and the dramatic repertoire. The example of the Canadian Popular Theatre Alliance suggests that alternative models which repudiate the ideological terms of that course are disallowed as insignificant.
Anne Fairbrother Hill: 'A Chaste and Elegant Dancer'
Authors: Warner Mary Jane
Published: January 2021

Anne Fairbrother Hill was a member of a popular 19th-century family of theatrical entertainers. Following a successful career as a dancer and ingénue in London and the provinces she came to America in the 1840s with her actor/manager husband, Charles Hill, and their three children. The Hills toured widely, but they also spent considerable time in Montreal and Toronto. Anne Hill was instrumental in introducing Canadian audiences to the rich repertoire of the Romantic ballet. A talented teacher, she opened very successful dance schools in both Toronto and Montreal, assisting amateurs in both cities to mount their own theatrical productions. In the 1860s she settled permanently in Montreal where she continued to appear on stage in character roles until shortly before her death.
Projet sur les Jeux Scèniques au Canada Français
Authors: Tourangeau Rémi
Published: January 2021

Exposé des principales dimensions d'un programme triennal sur les formes de spectacles à grands effets appelés «jeux scéniques » et présentés dans le cadre des fêtes populaires. Aperçu des objectifs, de la problématique et de la programmation du projet du Groupe de recherche de Trois-Rivières. Avenues d'étude socio-historique d'agents-producteurs (artisans) et de productions scéniques (textes-représentations) autour de la notion du discours idéologique pouvant rendre compte d'un certain discours signifiant du vécu. Incidence d'une telle recherche en regard d'une compréhension du théâtre populaire, du parathéâtre et de la fête populaire. Résultats escomptés par rapport à d'autres disciplines.
The Sterndale Bennetts: The Formative Years, 1910-1932
Authors: Mann George
Published: January 2021

Ernest Gaskell Sterndale Bennett, together with his wives, Belle and Hilda, made notable contributions to Canadian theatre throughout the years 19101961. This paper analyzes the theatrical activities of Ernest and Belle Sterndale Bennett during their residence in western Canada (1910-1932) and shows how their varied acting and directing experiences with Little Theatre prepared them to become major participants in the Canadian festival movement and led them into full time teaching and directing careers.
Cantonese Opera in Its Canadian Context: The Contemporary Vitality of an Old Tradition
Authors: Johnson Elizabeth Lominska
Published: January 2021

Cantonese opera has had a history of more than 100 years in British Columbia, and has been performed from the second decade of this century in those Canadian cities with significant populations of Chinese origin. It is currently extremely popular in Vancouver and Toronto, with large numbers of well-attended performances every year, most put on by local amateurs. In the earlier years performances were primarily given by professional troupes touring from China, meeting the needs of the segregated Chinese Canadians for familiar entertainment. Since the 1920s, local non-profit organizations dedicated to the purpose have trained amateur performers and organized their own performances as well as tours by actors and troupes from Hong Kong and Canton. During the last few years, many professionals have immigrated to Canada and opera has moved towards a more commercial organizational base.
Spirituality in Actor Training
Authors: Forsythe James
Published: January 2021

Elements of the spiritual practices of other cultures, specifically Taoism and Zen Buddhism, are employed in 'Western' conservatory acting schools. This article will examine the context of the relationship between spirituality and actor training using examples from the techniques of specific teachers working in the field.
The Making (and Breaking) of a Regional Theatre Critic: Audrey Ashley at the Ottawa Citizen 1961-1985
Authors: Noonan James
Published: January 2021

This article traces the career of Audrey Ashley, who as Drama and Music Editor of The Ottawa Citizen for twenty-five years, wrote reviews of a wide variety of touring and local, professional and amateur theatrical productions. Her work, and her relationship with her editors, is representative of the place of theatre reviewing at regional newspapers. Her length of tenure allows for some reflection on the status and influence of the reviewer in Canada from the 1960s through the 1980s.
"Life Doesn't Seem Natural:" Ecofeminism and the Reclaiming of the Feminine Spirit in Cindy Cowan's A Woman from the Sea
Authors: Bondar Alanna F.
Published: January 2021

While critical reception of Cindy Cowan's A Woman from the Sea has typically valued its magical and fantasy elements, little critical attention has been given to its larger implications for ecofeminist spiritual revisioning. In what follows, the author considers Cowan's efforts to outline the liberating potential of ecofeminism and female spirituality. Drawing on textual evidence, the author examines how Cowan organizes a rediscovery of the sensual feminine through dramatic narrative.
Les Comédies du Statu Quo - Part II and The Fourth Comédie du Statu Quo 1834
Authors: Doucette L. E.
Published: January 2021

An analysis of the composition and historical setting of a series of five short satirical plays published in Québec in the spring of 1834, portraying the protagonists on both sides of the debate concerning the 92 Resolutions. Two of these plays have been ignored until now. There follows the complete text of one of these Comédies du statu quo, virtually unknown and reproduced here for the first time since 1834, with a brief introduction and biographical notes on persons alluded to.
Painted Scenery and Decorations in Canadian Theatres, 1765-1825
Authors: Bains Yashdip Singh
Published: January 2021

As he examines staging practices in early Canadian theatres, 1765 to 1825, the author identifies scene painters and designers, including itinerant or resident professionals such as François Baillairgé, Louis Dulongpré, Richard Jones, George Godsell Thresher, William Bernard and Thomas Honey, as well as officers of the garrisons, such as Sir Joshua Jebb.
Quoi de neuf dans l'ouest Canadien-Français?
Authors: Joubert Ingrid
Published: January 2021

Dans les deux pièces analysées ici l'auteur s'écarte d'une esthétique réaliste du théâtre. Dans Aucun motif l'illusion dramatique est constamment rompue parle dédoublement parodique des motifs et parla manière dont l'auteurjoue avec les conventions théâtrales, en un jeu devenant prétexte etpropos même de la pièce. Les partisans par contre empêchent la formation de l'illusion dramatique par le recours corrosif à la satire qui renvoie le lecteur-spectateur systématiquement de l'anecdote burlesque aux sous-entendus idéologiques.
Roy Mitchell: Prophet in Our Past
Authors: Usmiani Renate
Published: January 2021

Roy Mitchell, Canadian pioneer of modernism in the theatre, has been largely ignored by Canadian theatre historians and publishers. Creative Theatre (1929), his summa, was republished in 1969 - in the United States. It is the purpose of this article to give an overview of Mitchell's innovative theoretical ideas (as expressed in his three books and numerous articles); of the early practical work at the Arts and Letters Club and at Hart House Theatre, which led to these ideas; and of the interrelationship between Mitchell's aesthetics of the theatre and his theosophist beliefs.
Büchner in Canada: Woyzeck and the Development of English-Canadian Theatre
Authors: Wasserman Jerry
Published: January 2021

The production history of Büchner's Woyzeck in Canada's English-language theatres corresponds closely with the development of an indigenous English Canadian drama during the period of 1960-80. Particular qualities of the style, structure, and political tone of Woyzeck made it an attractive vehicle for the 'alternate' theatre companies that blossomed during this era. Its most profound impact was felt via the productions of George Luscombe, John Herbert, Richard Rose and Gordon McCall, all of whom were subsequently to do important work which would be indebted to their experience with Büchner's play.
L. Bullock-Webster and the B.C. Dramatic School, 1921-1932
Authors: Hoffman James
Published: January 2021

This article examines the career of actor, director and teacher Llewellyn Bullock-Webster, a dynamic force behind amateur and educational theatre in British Columbia. Born in Wales, the 'Major' came to Canada after acting in London's West End and on provincial tours. Following service du ring the First World War he opened his first theatre school and combined that activity with acting in Victoria. He was a pioneer in curriculum development for the British Columbia Department of Education and a champion of Canadian drama.
Historical Facts: The Charles Kean Company in Victoria
Authors: Hughes Alan
Published: January 2021

The local businessmen who invited Charles Kean to perform in Victoria in 1864 hoped to use his prestige for their own political purposes. This paper shows how George Coppin, Kean's Australian business manager, met friends in Victoria who introduced him to local politics. He used his own political experience and theatrical talents to help Amor de Cosmos win a decisive election.
Correlation between schroeder-phase effect and distortion product otoacoustic emission findings
Authors: Salahuddin Nur Baizura , Rahmat Sarah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Schroeder-phase masking has been proven to be more sensitive than pure tone audiometry in detecting changes in cochlear function. Schroeder harmonic complexes with different phases have been observed to excite basilar membranes differently and give different masking abilities (‘phase effect’) when used as maskers. Previous theory suggested that phase effect was contributed by cochlear non-linearity of outer hair cells (OHC); however the theory was derived from behavioral observation alone. Therefore, this study aims to further investigate the cochlear non-linearity involvement in phase effect mechanism by measuring the Schroeder phase effect together with another electrophysiological test that measures the cochlear non-linearity function, i.e. Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission (DPOAE). Methods: Twelve normal hearing and four sensorineural hearing loss subjects were recruited. Schroeder phase masking test was conducted and phase effect (using 75 dB A masker) at 1kHz and 2 kHz was measured. DPOAE was recorded at multiple intensities (45-75 dB SPL) for 1 kHz and 2 kHz, and slope of DPOAE input output function was measured. Correlation analysis was performed to find correlation between phase effect and slope of DPOAE input output function. Results: Result showed no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between phase effect and slope of DPOAE input output function. Conclusions: This findings suggest that Schroeder-phase effect may not be/ may not only be contributed by OHC’s cochlear non-linearity. This finding opens the possibility of other auditory functions’ involvement in phase effect mechanism, and contribute to better understanding towards auditory perceptions.
Applying ‘case method’ in the teaching of basic medical sciences in a medical curriculum
Authors: Muhammad Naznin , Abdullah Nor Zamzila , Oothuman Pakeer , Myint Yi Yi
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Case method (CM) as a teaching methodology to promote active learning of students has been successfully employed in a number of fields. In the Medical Programme of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) we examined the application of CM in the teaching of basic medical sciences by integrating knowledge in these disciplines into the clinical sciences in a large group of students. Methods: This study involved Phase I preclinical medical students (Years 1 and 2). Thirteen CM modules were developed. A content-expert facilitator led a two-hour session for each of the modules which involved a class of about 130 students. Following such an implementation, the perception of students towards CM was studied through a self-administered questionnaire and focus group discussion. Results: More than 70% of these students agreed that CM sessions made efficient use of time. The structure promoted learning and helped develop problemsolving skills. CM sessions also provided opportunities for tutor participation and feedback. About 80% of Year 1 students and 60% of Year 2 students preferred to have both Problembased Learning and CM incorporated into the medical curriculum of IIUM. Findings of the focus group discussion are discussed. Conclusions: CM has a role in the teaching of the applied aspects of various disciplines of basic medical sciences.
Antilipase and antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon stamineus methanolic extract
Authors: Alias Norsyuhada , Thean Chor Adam Leow , Mohamad Ali Mohd. Shukuri , Salleh Abu Bakar , Tajudin Asilah Ahmad , Raja Abd. Rahman Raja Noor Zaliha
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Antilipase from natural resources are a potential tool for the treatment of obesity while antioxidant-rich plants are essential in combating degenerative diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the antilipase and antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon stamineus methanolic extract. Methods: The inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase was determined by measuring the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl butyrate to p-nitrophenol at 405 nm. Antioxidant activity of O. stamineus extract was measured by 2, 2, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay. Results: The O. stamineus crude extract exhibited strong lipase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 34.7 µg/ml. The inhibition mode study disclosed that O. stamineus could act as uncompetitive inhibitor. O. stamineus showed high antioxidant activity with an EC50 value of 26.3 µg/ml. Conclusions: The results suggest that O. stamineus has shown potential as a source of natural antilipase and antioxidant.
Misconceptions about disease among parents of thalassaemic patients: A qualitative study
Authors: Mat Zin Nora , Muhammad Naznin , Wan Su Kamaruzaman , Abdul Rahman Suzanah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Poor understanding and knowledge about thalassaemia has been associated with a poor attitude towards the disease as a whole. Thus, it is the aim of this study to explore the poor attitude and misconceptions about thalassaemia among the parents of thalassaemic patients. Methods: This study was conducted over a six-month period. Five focus group sessions (5-6 per group) involving different sets of parents of thalassaemia patients attending the Paediatric Clinic of Tengku Ampuan Afzan Hospital, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia was carried out. Results: The study reveals that misconceptions associated with thalassaemia are still prevalent as shown in our study. Misconceptions that we encountered were related to the underlying cause, sign and symptoms, blood transfusion therapy and iron chelation therapy. Such incorrect knowledge was observed among parents coming from different educational backgrounds and socioeconomic status. As a result of misconceptions parents opt for alternative medicine or to seek treatment from traditional healers for thalassaemia. Conclusions: Several misconceptions still continue despite the nationwide campaign on screening programme to increase awareness about the disease. More effort is needed to improve the knowledge of the parents of thalassaemic patients as they have direct influence on the supervision of the management of thalassaemia patients.
Infected nonunion proximal humerus fracture: two-stage oncologic approach solution with reverse total shoulder reconstruction
Authors: Siron Khairul Nizam , Liang Goh Kian , Sharifuddin Mohd Ariff , Japar Khan Ed Simor Khan Mor , Nor Rahin Mohd Shahidan , Nik Najmy Nik Fatmy , Che Ahmad Aminuddin , Mohammad Amin Azril
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Infected non-union of proximal humerus after fixation is devastating consequence and remains challenging. Methods: The staged oncologic approach consists of wide resection and reconstruction ensures remissions of the infection. Results: We report a case of two-stage oncologic approach in a patient with infected non-union proximal humerus after fixation. In the first stage we have performed a wide resection and antibiotic cement spacer insertion. After complete eradication of infection, subsequent reconstruction of the shoulder using reverse shoulder replacement with modular humeral stem had been performed on purpose of restoring the acceptable joint functions. Conclusions: Reconstruction of the infected non-union of the proximal humerus is a challenging task, costly procedure that requires the use of the sophisticated limb reconstruction system. Staged approach incorporating the use oncologic wide resection to eradicate the infection with subsequent bony reconstruction ensure the optimum restoration of upper limb functions.
Preliminary phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of methanol and ethylacetate fractions from Glochidion superbum’s leaves extract
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Dahiru , Mahmoud Mohamed Imad Mustafa , Taher Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The leaves of Glochidion superbum and other similar plants had been in use as a folk medicine by indigenous people in South East Asia for treatment of wound infections and diarrhoea. As recommended by WHO, studies on medicinal plants should include both identification of the chemical constituents and determination of their biological activities. Thus, the study aims to screen various local plant extracts for antibacterial activity and determine the extract fraction showing the highest antibacterial activity. Methods: In this study, Glochidion superbum leaves methanol extract was selected after preliminary antibacterial screening of this extract alongside extracts of Rennellia elliptica (leaves and roots) and Uncaria acida (stem and leaves) by the agar disc diffusion method against Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11778. Furthermore, methanol leave extract of Glochidion superbum was subjected to a qualitative phytochemical screening. The extract was fractionated using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) method and the following fractions were obtained: methanol 2.2 g (4.7%), ethylacetate 38.3 g (81.4%) and ethylacetate:methanol 5.0 g (10.6%). Results: The ethylacetate:methanol 1:1 fraction showed the highest in vitro dose-dependent inhibitory activity at concentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg/mL against the growth of E. coli ATCC 35218, and S. aureus ATCC 25923. Conclusions: This research has demonstrated proof of concept that the plant extract of Glochidion superbum leaves has antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.