bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Neck Pain Among Bank Workers in Amreli - An Observational Study
Authors: Bhandari Vruti , Gadhavi Mansi
Published: May 2024

Background: Workers in both Banking and Finance sector are exposed to varying occupational health and safety issues. Office work demands long time in front of computer screens and if there is lack of ergonomics use, lack of awareness of proper body positioning and the positioning of the desk, keyboard and screen all lead to neck pain. The common location of the pain is of upper part of trapezius muscle which is generally contemplated to be caused due to lack continuous work and no rest breaks in between work when doing lengthened computer work. The information of prevalence of neck pain among bankers were work as a foundation for further studies on applying ergonomic strategies for bank settings and different factors associated with banking sector. The aims of this survey were to find out the prevalence of neck pain in bankers in Amreli.
Methodology: Total 100 participate were selected after screening with inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this research data was collected by used questionnaire of neck pain.
The questionnaire was distributed among the bankers and they were asked to fill it out honestly and without any external influence. Once’s the data was collected, it will be analysed using statistical method to determine the prevalence of neck pain in bankers in Amreli. The finding of the study was providing important insight of their neck pain status of bankers in Amreli and provide preventive measures for neck pain.
Results: Data were analysing using SPSS version 25.0. result of study showed that about 10% bank employees was suffered with neck pain and their time duration was more than 5 hours.
Conclusion: the finding of this study suggests that Neck pain is prevalent among bank workers at Amreli.

Keywords: Neck pain, bankers, Bank workers, Vas scale, ergonomic
Role of Interleukin-6 as a Predictor in Assessing Severity of COVID-19 Patients: A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Afrin Sumzida , Sharmin Sadia
Published: May 2024

The investigation is centered on evaluating the impact of interleukin-6 (IL-6) on determining the seriousness of COVID-19 among individuals in Bangladesh, a nation grappling with substantial challenges due to the outbreak. Given the absence of specific therapies for COVID-19, grasping biomarkers such as IL-6 becomes pivotal for prognosis and treatment. The primary objective of the study is to outline the socio-demographic attributes of COVID-19 patients, ascertain IL-6 concentrations, evaluate the disease's severity based on IL-6 levels, and recognize correlated comorbidities. Through the analysis of 90 patients in specialized COVID-19 facilities in Dhaka, information regarding IL-6 levels, socio-demographics, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities was gathered. The conclusions of the research contribute to enhancing the comprehension of the connection between IL-6 and COVID-19 severity, potentially facilitating early prognosis and intervention strategies. Such perceptions are imperative for healthcare practitioners to implement practices grounded on evidence and alleviate the repercussions of the outbreak. This particular Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study delves into the function of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as an indicator for evaluating the severity of COVID-19 patients. A total of 90 participants from COVID dedicated hospitals were examined, with demographic characteristics scrutinized alongside COVID symptoms, oxygen saturation levels, and IL-6 concentrations. The results indicate a notable correlation between IL-6 levels and COVID severity, with heightened IL-6 levels corresponding to severe instances. Suggestions encompass the utilization of IL-6 and other inflammatory markers for predicting severity and advocating for further extensive studies to guide policymaking. Despite drawbacks such as limitations in sample size, IL-6 emerges as a promising indicator for early identification of COVID-19 severity.

Keywords: COVID – 19, IL – 06, X- Ray, Patients
Prevalence of Neuropathy at Initial Diagnosis of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sahithi Gunupati , Valmeti Sai Pranavi , Shyamsundar C.
Published: May 2024

Background: This study was conducted to determine prevalence of neuropathy in first time detected asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
Method: A cross sectional descriptive study involving 300 patients was carried out over a period of 3 years at our Institute. All the recruited 300 patients underwent blood investigations for detecting and confirming diabetes mellitus. Neurological examination was carried out to find out evidence of neuropathy. Further evaluation was carried out to find out associated confounding conditions like hypertension, smoking and obesity.
Results: Out of 300 subjects recruited 165 were male and 135 were female. The mean age was 49.15 years and standard deviation was +/- 12.574. At initial presentation of newly detected diabetic patients prevalence of neuropathy was found to be 28%. HbA1c was found to have significant association with prevalence of diabetic neuropathy at the time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (p value .001). There was no significant association between diabetic neuropathy and other confounding factors like hypertension (p-value: 0.159), smoking (p value-0.712) and body mass index (p value: 0.858). There was no association between gender and prevalence of diabetic neuropathy.
Conclusion: There is high prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is need for frequent health check-up including laboratory evaluation to detect diabetes mellitus in early stage so that diabetes mellitus can be detected and treated during presymptomatic stage and its complication are either prevented or treated early.

Keywords: Neuropathy, Diabetes Mellitus, Undiagnosed, Presymptomatic, Microvascular Complications
Conhecimento e comportamento sobre infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em ambiente universitário
Authors: Neiva Gentileza Santos Martins , Neiva Geovana Santos Martins , Lima Higor Bezerra , Gomes Maria Fernanda Rodrigues , Grangeiro Heytor Cesídeo Gomes , Fernandes Juan Lennon Aureliano , Pacheco Alessandra Claudino Santos , Almeida Larissa da Silva , Figueiredo Sarah Antunes , Barros Júlio Cesar Soares
Published: May 2024

Introdução: As infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) são um problema de saúde pública mundial que poderia ser prevenido, indicando uma falha nesse processo. Essas infecções têm como principal forma de transmissão o contato sexual sem proteção, sendo sua prevenção realizada a partir de práticas sexuais seguras e propagação de conhecimento. Com isso, ações de educação em saúde se fazem pertinentes, compreendendo sua capacidade transformadora. Objetivo: Descrever o conhecimento e o comportamento sobre IST e os fatores correlacionados com indivíduos ≥18 anos que participaram do Dia D contra Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis na Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e qualitativo realizado em ação contra IST na Universidade Federal de Alagoas nos dias 4 e 5 de abril de 2023. A coleta de dados foi feita com alunos e servidores pela aplicação de um formulário. Resultados: Participaram da ação 267 indivíduos entre 18 e 65 anos, com média de 25 anos, sendo 55% do sexo feminino. Observou-se que 9,4% não sabiam o que é IST. Dos que afirmaram que sabiam, 76,4% declararam que se comportariam desesperados ou muito preocupados caso adquirissem uma IST. Além disso, constatou-se que 27,3% não utilizavam métodos de prevenção ou métodos de prevenção eficazes para a diminuição da transmissão das IST e que 40,4% constataram que nunca haviam realizado teste rápido para IST e nem faziam visita periódica ao médico. Conclusão: Constatou-se um comportamento contraditório ao demonstrarem uma grande preocupação e não utilizarem métodos de prevenção eficazes e/ou não buscarem por rastreio ativo. Isso pode ser entendido pelo processo de subinformação, na qual se entende a problemática de forma superficial. Logo, são necessárias ações de educação em saúde, gerando divulgação científica e modificando comportamentos, ajudando os indivíduos a se reconhecerem como agentes responsáveis pela promoção de sua saúde.
Tendências temporais da infecção pelo HIV, AIDS e de mortalidade por AIDS na fronteira brasileira, 2010–2021
Authors: Lannoy Leonor Henriette de , Santos Patricia Carla dos , Coelho Ronaldo , Miranda Angélica Espinosa
Published: May 2024

Introdução: As fronteiras são áreas vulneráveis para a transmissão de doenças infecciosas. O Brasil tem a maior fronteira terrestre da América, fazendo divisa com outros dez países, é dividida em três arcos com diferentes características geográficas, graus de desenvolvimento e níveis de integração. Pouco se tem explorado sobre as taxas de infeção pelo HIV na faixa de fronteira do Brasil. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as tendências das taxas de detecção de HIV, AIDS e mortalidade por AIDS na fronteira brasileira no período de 2010–2021. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados abertos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Os municípios da faixa de fronteira foram agrupados por arcos geográficos (Norte, Central e Sul). As taxas de detecção de HIV, AIDS e de mortalidade por AIDS por arco, entre 2010 e 2021, foram utilizadas para analisar as tendências. Foi aplicado um modelo autorregressivo de Prais-Winsten e estimadas as taxas de variação anual para cada arco. Resultados: Foram notificados 18.580 casos de HIV, 25.643 casos de AIDS e 7.250 óbitos entre 2010 e 2021. No período analisado, a tendência de detecção do HIV apresentou aumento (46,5%), e a taxa de AIDS apresentou tendência decrescente no arco sul e no Brasil (-5,4 e -7,1%, respectivamente); em contraste, a mortalidade por AIDS no arco norte apresentou aumento significativo (9,4%) e a fronteira como um todo não apresentou mudança significativa na mortalidade no período analisado. Conclusão: Os dados mostram desafios na fronteira para a redução da detecção de AIDS e da mortalidade por AIDS. A tendência de crescimento da mortalidade no arco norte e a manutenção das taxas de detecção de AIDS sugerem dificuldade de acesso ao cuidado, diagnóstico tardio das infecções e a necessidade de avanços nas estratégias de captação e vinculação das pessoas vivendo com HIV à rede de atenção à saúde.
Situação vacinal para hepatite B de pacientes em uso da profilaxia pré-exposição
Authors: Marques Lorena Costa Francisco , Prates Daniele de Oliveira , Deus Ana Paula Vieira de , Almeida Flávio Toledo de
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) é considerada um desafio global de saúde pública. Nos últimos anos, a América Latina tem experimentado uma redução importante das coberturas vacinais. A vacinação para HBV é prioritária na população em uso de profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP). Estudos mostram que a vacina pode reduzir o número de novas infecções pelo HBV. Objetivo: Identificar a situação vacinal contra HBV dos pacientes em uso da PrEP. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo no qual foi realizado uma análise retrospectiva, em três etapas do atendimento, de todos os prontuários de pacientes em uso da PrEP, em um Serviço de Assistência Especializada (SAE) de município da região metropolitana de Goiânia, Goiás, no período de janeiro a setembro de 2020. Resultados: Dos 94 prontuários de pacientes em uso da PrEP, foram identificados, no primeiro atendimento, 55 prontuários; destes, 71% (39) tinham o esquema vacinal completo para HBV e 29% (16) foram encaminhados para atualizar o esquema vacinal. Após 30 dias de uso da PrEP, foram detectados 43 prontuários, dos quais 72% (31) estavam com esquema completo e 28% (12) já haviam iniciado o esquema vacinal. Após 90 dias em uso da PrEP, foram analisados 35 prontuários, dos quais 83% (29) apresentaram esquema vacinal completo; 8% (3), com comprovação da primeira dose da vacina; 6% (2), da segunda dose; e em 3% (1) os dados não foram informados. Desses 35 prontuários, 74% (26) apresentam resultado anti-HBS >10 UI/mL; 12% (4), anti-HBS <10 UI/mL; e 14% (5) não realizaram o exame. Conclusão: Diante dos dados encontrados, o estudo mostra que a maioria dos pacientes após 90 dias em uso da PrEP apresentou anti-HBS >10 UI/mL, configurando segurança e proteção duradoura contra o HBV. No entanto, identificou-se uma redução do número de pacientes em acompanhamento no serviço de saúde.
Indirect Effects of PM2.5 Exposure on COVID-19 Mortality in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia: An Ecological Study
Authors: Haryanto Budi , Trihandini Indang , Nugraha Fajar , Kurniasari Fitri
Published: May 2024

Background: Air pollution, including PM2.5, was suggested as one of the primary contributors to COVID-19 fatalities worldwide. Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, was recognized as one of the ten most polluted cities globally. Additionally, the incidence of COVID-19 in Jakarta surpasses that of all other provinces in Indonesia. However, no study has investigated the correlation between PM2.5 concentration and COVID-19 fatality in Jakarta.
Objective: To investigate the correlation between short-term and long-term exposure to PM2.5 and COVID-19 mortality in Greater Jakarta area.
Methods: An ecological time-trend study was implemented. The data of PM2.5 ambient concentration obtained from Nafas Indonesia and the National Institute for Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)/National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). The daily COVID-19 death data obtained from the City’s Health Office.
Findings: Our study unveiled an intriguing pattern: while short-term exposure to PM2.5 showed a negative correlation with COVID-19 mortality, suggesting it might not be the sole factor in causing fatalities, long-term exposure demonstrated a positive correlation. This suggests that COVID-19 mortality is more strongly influenced by prolonged PM2.5 exposure rather than short-term exposure alone. Specifically, our regression analysis estimate that a 50 µg/m3 increase in long-term average PM2.5 could lead to an 11.9% rise in the COVID-19 mortality rate.
Conclusion: Our research, conducted in one of the most polluted areas worldwide, offers compelling evidence regarding the influence of PM2.5 exposure on COVID-19 mortality rates. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing air pollution as a critical risk factor for the severity of viral respiratory infections.
Rezension von: Hartmann, Lucrezia, Schwäbisch Hall
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Hartmann Lucrezia
Published: May 2024

Lucrezia Hartmann: Schwäbisch Hall. München: Deutscher Kunstverlag 1970. 37 S. Mit 68 Aufnahmen von Helga Schmidt-Glassner. DM 16,-.
Rezension von: Brecht, Martin, Anfänge reformatorischer Kirchenordnung und Sittenzucht bei Johannes Brenz
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Brecht Martin
Published: May 2024

Martin Brecht: Anfänge reformatorischer Kirchenordnung und Sittenzucht bei Johannes Brenz. (Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte 86, Kanonistische Abteilung 55, Weimar 1969, S. 322-347.)
Rezension von: Hutt, Christl, Maximilian Carl Graf zu Loewenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort und der fraenkische Kreis 1700-1702
Authors: Wunder Bernd , Hutt Christl
Published: May 2024

Christl Hutt: Maximilian Carl Graf zu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort und der fränkische Kreis 1700-1702. Eine Studie zur Reichs- und Kreispolitik in zwei Bänden. Würzburg 1969, 384 S.
Rezension von: Mälzer, Gottfried, Johann Albrecht Bengel
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Mälzer Gottfried
Published: May 2024

Gottfried Mälzer: Johann Albrecht Bengel. Leben und Werk. Stuttgart: Calwer Verlag 1970. 495 S., Ill. DM 34,-
The Determinants of Artificial Intelligence in HRM of IT Sector with Reference to KTCC Zone
Authors: Gayathri K. , Bella Dr.K. Majini Jes Bella
Published: May 2024

This article investigate the role of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management (HRM) within the IT sector, it is specifically focusing on the innovative practices employed in the KTCC Zone IT sector. The IT sector have fast advancements, integration of AI in HR processes becomes important for IT sector the aim is to stay competitive and efficient. This study highlight how the IT industries adapts AI technologies to develop its human resources practices. The adoption of AI in HR, contributing to understand the employee side implications of technology and the HR practices. The findings offer valuable insights to IT industry HR department and policymakers also it providing a roadmap for AI implementation in HRM. It aims to contribute a broader discourse on adopting technology to optimize the human capital in the energetic landscape of the IT sector.
Impact Investment Ecosystem - A Critical Review and Recommendations
Authors: Garg Atin , Arora Dr Sapna
Published: May 2024

Due to the market's wider distribution, the impact investing market has gradually entered the mainstream of investing activities. As a result, the industry sees significant growth every day. Many heated disputes exist about impact investing practices in the current market environment. A robust impact investment ecosystem (IIE) that can be tailored to the market and fulfil the goals of the impact investment sector is essential. To add knowledge to the IIE, this article presents a comprehensive concept note. The study created an IIE based on existing ecosystems, which can be tailored to the location and produce better outcomes. The Social/Environmental Challenges and financial aspects give birth to the impact investing activities and can be measured through Social Impact Parameters (Social Progress Index, Gross Domestic Product, Environmental Performance Index, and Sustainable Development Index). These indexes are compared, and the outcomes of each impact action may be evaluated both before and after execution of the impact activities by the primary stakeholders—Enablers, Demand-Side, Supply-Side, Intermediaries, and Beneficiaries which operates in the impact environment. The other stakeholders provide support for their efficient operation. This ecosystem may be used and customized by academicians, policymakers and practitioners per the needs of their respective nations.
La relevancia del Indo-Pacífico en las agendas de seguridad de Asia del Este
Authors: Parra María
Published: May 2024

El propósito central de este trabajo es profundizar en la relevancia del concepto del Indo-Pacífico en el desarrollo de las principales agendas de seguridad en Asia del Este, analizando en primer lugar, los antecedentes históricos y coyunturas que permitieron la aceptación de una agenda política vinculada a esta nueva estrategia; en segundo, los enfoques y programas de seguridad implementados por los dos bloques políticos dominantes de la región; por último, el impacto de ambos planes y visiones en el entorno de estabilidad de esta zona asiática.
Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của một số yếu tố đến chất lượng cảm quan sản phẩm cá bè vẫu (Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1775)) muối chua
Authors: Thái Văn Đức , Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Trang , Lê Phương Chung , Trần Văn Vương , Đặng Thị Hương , Vũ Thị Hoan , Vũ Quang Minh , Nguyễn Lâm Khải Văn
Published: May 2024

Cá Bè Vẫu muối chua là sản phẩm mới trong dòng sản phẩm cá muối chua truyền thống ở nước ta. Chất lượng sản phẩm phụ thuộc rất lớn vào công đoạn lên men. Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của thời gian lên men và các gia vị bổ sung đến chất lượng sản phẩm cá Bè Vẫu muối chua. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy khi lên men với tỷ lệ đường là 26%, muối ăn 10%, tỏi 10% và riềng 3%, và thời gian lên men 14 ngày cho chất lượng cảm quan của sản phẩm cao nhất.
Từ khóa: cá Bè vẫu, lên men, cảm quan
Ảnh hưởng của tần suất cho ăn lên kết quả ương cá sủ đất (Protonibea diacanthus Lacepède, 1802) giai đoạn giống
Authors: Ngô Văn Mạnh , Hoàng Thị Thanh  , Dương Nguyễn Hoàng  , Lê Minh Hoàng
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu này đánh giá ảnh hưởng của tần suất cho ăn lên các chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng, tỷ lệ sống và hiệu quả sử dụng thức ăn của cá sủ đất (Protonibea diacanthus) giai đoạn giống, nhằm tối ưu hóa quy trình ương và nâng cao hiệu quả sản xuất. Thí nghiệm được bố trí theo kiểu ngẫu nhiên hoàn toàn với 4 nghiệm thức tương ứng với 4 tần suất cho ăn (2, 3, 4 và 5 lần/ngày), mỗi nghiệm thức được lặp lại 3 lần. Cá giống có khối lượng và chiều dài ban đầu lần lượt là 0,67 ± 0,07 g và 3,34 ± 0,03 cm, được ương trong hệ thống bể composite 100 L với mật độ 1 con/L trong 28 ngày. Các chỉ tiêu theo dõi bao gồm tốc độ tăng trưởng theo chiều dài và khối lượng đặc trưng (SGRL và SGRW), sinh khối (BM), tỷ lệ sống (SR) và hệ số chuyển hóa thức ăn (FCR). Kết quả cho thấy tần suất cho ăn có ảnh hưởng rõ rệt đến tất cả các chỉ tiêu nghiên cứu (P < 0,05). Cá được cho ăn 4 - 5 lần/ngày thể hiện các chỉ tiêu tăng trưởng, tỷ lệ sống và hiệu quả sử dụng thức ăn vượt trội so với 2 lần/ngày. Cụ thể, so với nghiệm thức 2 lần/ngày, cá ở nghiệm thức 4 - 5 lần/ngày có SGRL,W, BM và SR cao hơn lần lượt 12,4 - 26,1%, 71,8 - 94,7%, 20,8 - 22,6%, đồng thời có FCR thấp hơn 23,5 - 29,4%. Trong hầu hết các trường hợp, không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê về các chỉ tiêu giữa hai nghiệm thức cho ăn 4 và 5 lần/ngày. Từ kết quả thu được, nghiên cứu đề xuất áp dụng tần suất cho ăn 4 lần/ngày trong ương nuôi cá sủ đất giai đoạn giống, qua đó vừa đảm bảo tối ưu hóa các chỉ tiêu tăng trưởng, tỷ lệ sống và hiệu quả sử dụng thức ăn, vừa tiết kiệm chi phí nhân công so với cho ăn 5 lần/ngày. Kết quả nghiên cứu là tiền đề quan trọng cho việc hoàn thiện quy trình sản xuất giống và ương cá sủ đất, góp phần thúc đẩy phát triển nghề nuôi loài cá biển này một cách hiệu quả và bền vững.
Từ khóa: Cá sủ đất, tần suất cho ăn, tăng trưởng, tỷ lệ sống, hiệu quả sử dụng thức ăn.
The Church Council of Polotsk (1839): Ecclesiological Considerations
Authors: Khoteev A. S.
Published: May 2024

The article provides an analysis of the ecclesiological principles outlined in the conciliar petition of the Church Council of Polotsk in 1839. The necessity of considering them is justified to understand the essence of the conciliar decision adopted and the use of appropriate terminology. This methodological approach is coupled with an examination of the historical context surrounding the abolition of the union. Attention is focused on the union in terms of subordination to the Pope, which involved the acknowledgment of all the aspects of the Catholic faith and had a negative impact on the preservation of traditional rituals and Eastern spirituality within the union. Conversely, the restoration of Orthodox worship resulted in the revitalization of church self-awareness, aiding the Uniates in rediscovering their identity and emerging from a subordinate and oppressed state. The leadership qualities exhibited by Bishop Joseph (Semashko) and the younger generation of Uniate priests, in particular, were instrumental in facilitating this process. The article also elucidates why the conciliar petition of the Church Council of Polotsk acknowledged the status of the Orthodox church without directly addressing the renunciation of the Roman pope and Catholic dogma. Instead, it focused on external dependence and adverse circumstances that had a detrimental impact on church life within the union. The corresponding acknowledgment of Orthodoxy in the Lithuanian and Belarusian territories was conveyed in the response letter from the Holy Synod. This letter acknowledged Uniate bishops in their rightful positions, obviating the need for any formal act of joining the Church. As a result, the author concluded that the theology of the Church Council of Polotsk in 1839 woud most accurately be defined as the ecclesiology of the reunification of the disparate parts of the Russian Church. Only in this regard can the decision taken at it be recognized as canonically justified and legitimate.
Qualche ‘aggiustamento’ alla disciplina dei magistrati vaticani.
Authors: Boni Geraldina , Ganarin Manuel , Tomer Alberto
Published: May 2024

Some ‘adjustments’ to the regulations on Vatican magistrates. Criticalities of the Apostolic Letter in the form of a «Motu Proprio» by the Supreme Pontiff Francis amending the Law on the Judicial Order, the Law on Provisions for the Professional Dignity and Economic Treatment of Ordinary Magistrates of the Court and the Office of the Promoter of Justice and the General Regulations of the Pension Fund dated March 27, 2024

ABSTRACT: The essay examines the content of the recent Apostolic Letter in the form of a “Motu Proprio” through which significant changes were introduced in relation to the office and status of Vatican magistrates, about multiple profiles (from those concerning the discipline of civil liability to those in economic and social security matters) from which a general trend in their favor emerges. They appear all the more noteworthy in consideration of the peculiar moment in which they were adopted, placing themselves on the sidelines of a court case which, in its own way, can offer at least some suggestions in their regard. In particular, however, the changes that were made find a considerably useful term of comparison not only in the situation prior to the reform, but above all in the innovations that have affected canon law in recent years (from which one can notice the recurrence of errors of legislative drafting of a similar nature) and in the Italian discipline regulating the same matter (from the observation of which potentially revealing analogies and divergences become evident).

SOMMARIO: 1. Un’analisi su più fronti - 2. Tre nuclei tematici differenti ma correlati. La cessazione dell’ufficio di magistrato - 3. La responsabilità civile dei magistrati: una comparazione tra normativa vaticana e normativa italiana - 4. Segue: divergenze significative e lacune problematiche - 5. Il trattamento economico dei magistrati.
Bias in Text Generative Open AI
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering  International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad (Telangana), India., Devisetti Sai Asrith
Published: May 2024

The rise of text generation models, especially those powered by advanced deep learning architectures like Open AI’s GPT-3, has unquestionably transformed various natural language processing applications. However, these models have recently faced examination due to their inherent biases, often evident in the generated text. This paper critically examines the issue of bias in text generation models, exploring the challenges posed, the ethical implications it entails, and the potential strategies to mitigate bias. Firstly, we go through the causes of the origin of the bias, ways to minimize it, and mathematical representation of Bias.
Integrated Crashworthiness Analysis of Electric Vehicle Battery Shells and Chassis: A Finite Element Study with Abaqus
Authors:   School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK., Rahman Mizanur , Marri Mahendher ,   School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK., Varghese Abel ,   School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot- Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to comprehend and predict the mechanical behavior of the genuine Tesla Model-S chassis and the battery module during a crash in Abaqus/Explicit. The parametric method was incorporated with varying impact velocities from 27.7, 55.5, and 100m/s and battery shell thickness from 1mm to 3mm. The asymmetry model was considered for both the chassis and battery pack. Aluminum 6061 and ASI430 SS are assigned to the chassis profile and the battery shells (cells). A Johnson-Cook (JC) plastic and damage failure model has been implemented to simulate realistic crash behavior. Displacement, energy, and force results were captured during the simulation. A battery shell thickness of 3mm showed higher resistance than a 1mm thick shell at 55.5 m/s. The numerical findings reveal the dynamic response in displacement and compression under various loading conditions for both individual profiles. Additionally, the study presents a detailed inspection of each cell module, graphically demonstrating how the individual cells respond to initial positions, crashes, and external deformation (shear) caused by collision energy. The finite element model is validated against previous experimental and numerical studies, successfully simulating crashworthiness. The present study provides significant insights that have the potential to improve the safety and efficiency of battery-operated vehicles through the design and optimization of their structures.
Extracción de mucílago, evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y el contenido total de fenoles de cuatro variedades de Opuntia ficus-indica
Authors: Valenzuela Zapata Francisco del Anghel , Treviño Martínez Luisa Fernanda , Vázquez Alvarado Rigoberto Eustacio , Paniagua Vega David , Garza Juárez Aurora de Jesús , Silva Flores Perla Giovanna
Published: May 2024

Los extractos de plantas son una rica fuente de compuestos naturales con propiedades antioxidantes, con potencial aplicación en la prevención o tratamiento de enfermedades crónico degenerativas de importancia en nuestro país. Los cladodios de Opuntia ficus-indica son una fuente de mucílago, un complejo de fitoquímicos y otros nutrientes, el cual podría representar un nutracéutico natural con una importante capacidad antioxidante. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la técnica de extracción de licuado-centrifugado de Opuntia ficus-indica, con diferentes solventes, calculando el porcentaje de rendimiento de extracción, contenido total de fenoles y capacidad antioxidante como equivalentes de Trolox de diferentes variedades de O. ficus-indica. La técnica de extracción permitió obtener mucílagos con porcentajes de rendimiento mayores a 10 %. La variedad Jalpa presentó la mejor capacidad antioxidante con 0.616 µmoles ET/ g peso seco y un mayor contenido de fenoles con 10.35 ± 0.95 mg EAG/g peso seco. El mucílago obtenido tiene propiedades que lo recomiendan como un material natural que puede utilizarse como potencial antioxidante.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i2.1395
On the Characterization of Some m-Plithogenic Vector Spaces and Their AH-Substructures Under the Condition 6 ≤ dim SPV ≤10
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan, Abdallah Abdallah ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Irbid National University, P.O. Box: 2600 Irbid, Jordan,   Zayed Military College, Department of General Science, UAE,   The university of Jordan, Aqaba, Department of computer information systems,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia, Al-Husban Abdallah Al , Ali Mutaz M. Abbas , Alsaraireh Ahmed A. , Shatarah Amani , Alrayes Norah Mousa
Published: May 2024

This paper is concerned with studying symbolic m-plithogenic vector spaces with finite orders between 6 and 10, where it defines and characterizes the AH-subspaces, AH-kernels, and AH- linear transformations in five different symbolic m-plithogenic spaces (6-plithogenic, 7-plithogenic,10-plithogenic vector spaces). Also, we prove many theorems that describe the computation of the kernels and direct images of the plithogenic AH-linear transformations.
Secure Medical Records Through Big Data Analytics and Blockchain
Authors:   Department of Information Technology Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, Hamad Hamad ,   Department of Computer Engineering Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India, .. Shailendra , Singh Aditi
Published: May 2024

As healthcare shifts to digital platforms, the healthcare sector is suffering from multiple security vulnerabilities that make it vulnerable to various types of cyberattacks. Therefore, robust security solutions need to be implemented to resolve these vulnerabilities. In this context, blockchain technology has emerged as a promising solution in several sectors, including the healthcare sector. This study harnesses blockchain technology to improve medical record management. By integrating blockchain, we address issues like data breaches and inefficient data sharing. The proposed study ensures a seamless health record exchange that is secure, transparent, and beneficial to both patients and healthcare providers. The goal of this study is to empower patients to be more in control of their data while streamlining processes and enhancing security for healthcare institutions. Medical records are increasingly secure, interoperable, and accessible when blockchain technology and big data are used. According to the study, healthcare workers recognize the importance of protecting medical records through blockchain technology and big data, which can improve security, interoperability, and accessibility. This minimizes concerns related to data manipulation while providing a more cost-effective and efficient method of managing medical records. Medical records management is made more cost-effective and efficient by reducing concerns related to data manipulation.
Analysis of the Successful Marketing Strategy of Starbucks Based on 4P Theory
Authors: Jin Zexi
Published: May 2024

This study presents a comprehensive review of how Starbucks transformed from a single coffee house in Seattle in 1971 to an international coffee empire. It reviews the strategic marketing campaign, targeting upscale young adults and professionals, describes how they incorporate sustainability into the Starbucks ethos and examines how Starbucks rules the global coffee market using its 4Ps strategy (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) despite challenges arising from market saturation and changing consumer tastes. It also shows that Starbucks, as a beverage company that has taken the world by storm, has established its uniqueness in social media and pop culture. And the spirit of the company and the pursuit of coffee has gone far beyond the meaning of the coffee shop itself. The recommendations for future expansion involve infusing an art of innovation and sustainability into coffee drinking on such a grander scale that will change consumer expectations and reshape social responsibility in society. The Abstract provided a synopsis of the research background, research purpose, methodology, and exploration findings, while emphasizing Starbucks' approach to strategy, and its influence in the coffee industry and corporate social responsibility.
Comparative Analysis of the Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy: Take the United States as an Example
Authors: Wang Ziyi
Published: May 2024

After the financial crisis of 2008, the United States encountered economic challenges again in 2019. During this time, a large number of problems ensued as a result of behaviors such as mandatory restrictions and voluntary behavioral changes by households and businesses, and the initial wave of COVID-19 infections led to a historic contraction of economic activity. In order to gain the experience and backbone to deal with the economic crisis calmly next time, it is desirable and effective to extract experiences and inspirations from past events. In that case, the troubles brought by major events and the solutions at that time are necessary to be analyzed. The Great Depression of 2008 and COVID-19 of 2019 brought a heavy blow to the economic market, and the different responses of the U.S. in the face of the blows of these two periods provide good examples for the study of monetary policy and fiscal policy. This paper focuses on the differences between monetary and fiscal policies on economic fluctuations in the United States at two important time points, 2008 and 2019. Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that monetary policy and fiscal policy have different manipulators and implementation targets, as well as different efficiency and flexibility in their roles.
TikTok under Marketing Saturation: Comprehensive Analysis of User-Generated Content (UGC) Marketing
Authors: Wang Jiayi
Published: May 2024

In the current information-rich digital marketing environment, TikTok is a rapidly growing social media platform, and its user base has exceeded 1.562 billion in January 2024. However, with the over-saturation of brand-generated content and social media advertising, consumers attention to brand-generated information has shown a downward trend. Gradually, user-generated content (UGC) has become a mature marketing paradigm in recent years. UGC relies on users' creativity and subjective preference, entirely in contrast to the brand's official content, and can better stimulate consumers' interest and purchasing power. This article describes the forms of UGC and its working mechanism on TikTok and also states several advantages of UGC on TikTok by comparing it with brand-generated content (BGC). The results show that UGC enhances the brand and users interaction. It is more cost-effective than official BGC and influencer marketing strategies. Meanwhile, it also discusses the challenges UGC marketing is currently facing. Through a comprehensive analysis of UGC marketing on TikTok, this article provides insights into the dual-edgedness of UGC and how it can be effectively used to drive brand growth and user engagement in a rapidly developing informational social media environment.
Case Study Analysis of Cyberpunk 2077's Content Marketing Strategies
Authors: Zhang Chenghao
Published: May 2024

The booming relationship between the gaming industry and advertising has fostered marketers' interest in leveraging digital games as a marketing tool. This change is the result of technological advancements, the widespread use of mobile and broadband internet, and the ensuing growth of the gaming sector, all of which have fueled the appeal of digital gaming as a successful marketing channel. Cyberpunk 2077 exemplifies this trend, with the game attracting not only players but also marketers looking for innovative advertising avenues. Through regular social engagement and an immersive gameplay experience, Cyberpunk 2077 has become an engaging medium that can seamlessly convey advertising messages without compromising the consumer experience. As traditional media readership dwindles and there is a shift toward interactive platforms, marketers are increasingly looking to digital games as a cost-effective, measurable and engaging channel to reach their target audiences. This fusion of entertainment and advertising blurs the lines between the two realms, creating a novel form of branded content that resonates with consumers. However, not all game marketing efforts are successful, often due to marketers' lack of understanding of the unique dynamics of game culture and design principles. To bridge this gap, it is crucial to take a comprehensive approach to games marketing, leveraging insights from game research, brand management and advertising strategy. By combining advertising messages with the immersive experiences offered by digital games, marketers can effectively engage audiences and capitalize on the growing popularity of games as a form of entertainment.
Research on the Impact of Digital Finance on the High-quality Development of China's Economy
Authors: Ma Xiaochi
Published: May 2024

At present, China's economy is in a period of transformation and development. Facing multiple challenges at home and abroad, it is particularly important to explore a new path of high-quality economic development. The rise of digital finance has provided a new perspective on this. The present paper aims to study the supporting role of digital finance in the high-quality development of China's economy and reveal the action mechanism between the two. Through the literature analysis method, this paper sorts out the relevant literature of digital finance to support high-quality economic development, defines the concept of digital finance and high-quality economic development, analyzes the economic and ecological effects of digital finance from the perspective of macro to micro, and points out the possible research directions in the future. The research results show that digital finance plays a positive role in promoting the high-quality development of China's economy by improving the efficiency of financial services and promoting technological innovation.
Brand Marketing Strategies under Social Media
Authors: Chen Mengfei
Published: May 2024

In the digital era, social media has become an essential component of people's everyday lives, serving as a primary platform for information acquisition, interaction, and communication. The consumption patterns of individuals have experienced remarkable transformations, necessitating advancements in standard brand marketing methods in today's world. Brand manufacturers should align with current development trends, leverage social media platforms, implement appropriate marketing strategies, fulfill market expectations, and attain their own objectives. This study utilizes literature research and analysis methods to examine the formal aspects of brand marketing strategies on social media. It also evaluates current successful cases of brand marketing strategies on social media to assist brand manufacturers in maximizing their utilization of social media platforms, enhance brand recognition and influence more effectively, and foster the positive growth of corporate brand marketing.
The Analysis on the Potential of the Art Futures Market
Authors: Wang Lu
Published: May 2024

This study explores the burgeoning field of qualified art derivatives as an innovative investment channel, leveraging the unique attributes of art for inflation resistance, low correlation to traditional financial markets, and cultural significance. Through the analysis of art market trends, the research identifies individuals, family offices, pension funds, foundations, and investment funds as potential purchasers, with artists, galleries, museums, and financial institutions as key sellers. Utilizing data from art market transactions, auction records, and expert appraisals, the study examines the design, operation, and market acceptance of art derivatives. It highlights the potential of art derivatives to offer diversification, hedge against inflation, and contribute to the art market's growth, while also pointing out challenges such as low liquidity, valuation complexities, regulatory uncertainties, and limited traditional investor acceptance. The findings underscore the significant prospects for wealth growth and market development through art derivatives, balanced with a need for careful consideration of their inherent risks and challenges.
PRESENÇA DAS TEORIAS DA DEMOCRACIA DELIBERATIVA NA CRIAÇÃO DOS CONSELHOS MUNICIPAIS DE PROMOÇÃO DA IGUALDADE RACIAL
Authors: Schuster Tatiana dos Santos , Muller Bitencourt Caroline
Published: May 2024

Os Conselhos Municipais de Promoção da IgualdadeRacial são verdadeiros canais de interlocução entre a sociedadee o Estado, fortalecendo o diálogo, para tomadas de decisõespolíticas, gerando assim, um retorno mais responsivo frente àsnecessidades sociais. Neste sentido, as práticas da DemocraciaDeliberativa são reveladas quando da criação dos ConselhosMunicipais, promovendo a participação popular. Desta forma,o artigo em questão busca analisar o surgimento dos ConselhosMunicipais de Promoção da Igualdade Racial enquanto espaçode participação política, analisando as teorias da DemocraciaDeliberativa enquanto condição para a criação dos ConselhosMunicipais de Promoção da Igualdade Racial. Para suaconstrução, a pesquisa tem como base o método dedutivo, pormeio de estudo bibliográfico.
Metaverse in tourism service: Exploring digital tourism innovation
Authors: Chen Zhisheng
Published: May 2024

This study explores the integration and challenges of metaverse technology in tourism, analyzing perspectives from the industry, travelers, and management. It underscores the digital transformation accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, technological advances, and Generation Z influences. The research identifies key applications of metaverse technology, such as digital eco-tours, museums, cultural performances, and souvenirs, which redefine the traditional tourism model. It also examines the unique experiences provided to tourists by the metaverse at various stages of travel—before, during, and after trips—and evaluates the implications for customer perception and behavior. From a management viewpoint, the study highlights the necessity for thorough assessments of metaverse implementations in customer relations, marketing, and organizational strategies to fully gauge its impact. The discussion section addresses the long-term effects on traditional tourism practices and destinations and articulates how these technologies transform customer engagement and operational paradigms. This research provides a comprehensive overview of how metaverse technology reshapes the tourism landscape, offering insights for future technological integration and strategic development.
Beneficial effects of gentiopicrin inhibiting experimental epilepsy in young rats through the P2X7R/NLRP3/Caspase-1 inflammatory pathway.
Authors: Li Jia Lin , Huang Lin , Wu Xing Jun , Ye Min , Yu Chuan Yong
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study mainly examined the protective effect of gentiopicrin on on experimental epileptic young rats. Seventy-two Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used in this study. Twelve rats were randomly selected as the normal group, and the remaining 60 rats were injected with lithium chloride-pilocarpine intra-peritoneally to establish an epileptic model, and were randomly divided into five groups of 12 rats each. The positive control group was given topiramate 5.9 mg/kg in normal saline, and the low, middle, and high dose groups were given gen-tiopicrin liquid, with the mass of gentiopicroside being 1.28 g/kg, 2.56 g/kg, and 5.12 g/kg respectively. The model and normal groups were given the same dose of normal saline daily for four weeks. Compared with the model group, the damage of neurons in the CA3 area of the hippocampus in the positive control group, low, medium, and high dose groups of gentiopicrine was reduced. The number of Tunel positive cells, malondialdehyde (MDA), P2X7R, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 protein, and mRNA in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). The number of Tunel positive cells, MDA content, P2X7R, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 protein, and mRNA in the positive control group, low, medium, and high dosage groups of gentiopicroside were significantly lower than those in the model group, and the SOD activity was significantly higher than that in the model group (p<0.05). Gentiopicroside may improve the behavior of young epileptic rats.
Insulin-like growth factor-1 promotes the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: Wang Yan , Du Nan , Liu Cong-na , Li Wen-jing
Published: May 2024

Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) have emerged as a potential alternative for the regeneration of dental tissues. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is involved in the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs in vitro. However, the effect of IGF-1 on the proliferation and odontogenic dif-ferentiation of hDPCs in vivo remains unknown. This study collected hDPCs from healthy premolars and third molars by collagenase type I and dispase. Immunocytochemical staining showed positive vimentin staining and negative cytokeratin staining in hDPCs. Treatment with IGF-1 (50, 75, and 100 ng/mL) significantly increased the proliferation ability of hDPCs in a concentration-de-pendent manner. In vivo experiments, hDPCs were seeded into an acellular der-mal matrix and transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. After two and four weeks of transplantation, the hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed more cells and extracellular matrix in implants from the IGF-1 treatment group, and Alizarin Red staining revealed more mineralized tissue compared to the control group. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of hDPCs showed an abundance of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complex-es. In conclusion, IGF-1 promotes the proliferation of hDPCs in vitro and odon-togenic differentiation of hDPCs in vivo, indicating that modifying IGF-1 signal-ing may provide potential strategies for the regeneration of dental tissues.