bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Review of the Integration of Machine Learning into Blockchain Technology
Authors: AFNAN MD SULTANUL AREFIN , Yzem Chaimae , Yuan Fang , Jinpeng Wang
Published: November 2024

This review investigates the integration of machine learning (ML) and blockchain technology, highlighting their combined potential to drive transformation across sectors such as healthcare, finance, and supply chain management. ML offers data-driven insights through predictive analytics, automation, and intelligent decision-making, while blockchain provides a secure, decentralized framework with transparency and immutability. Together, these technologies present solutions to critical challenges, including fraud detection, operational inefficiencies, and data privacy, promising significant advancements across various industries. ML enhances diagnostics and treatment personalization in healthcare, while blockchain protects sensitive medical data. In finance, blockchain fosters transparency within decentralized finance (DeFi), while ML strengthens fraud detection and trading strategies. In supply chain management, blockchain ensures traceability, while ML optimizes logistics and demand forecasting. Despite their synergies, integrating ML with blockchain faces challenges, notably in scalability, computational efficiency, and privacy. This review critically examines recent advancements, practical use cases, and barriers to adoption, synthesizing strategies that can address these challenges to unlock the transformative potential of these emerging technologies.
Enhancing Potato Yield and Quality Through Integrated Nutrient Management Practices in Bangladesh
Authors: Mia Sawrab , Howlader Nayan Chandra , Bulbul Mohammad Tanvir Ahmed , Roky Refatul Hasan
Published: November 2024

This study evaluates the impact of integrated nutrient management (INM) practices on potato yield and quality in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Potatoes are a vital crop in Bangladesh, and optimizing nutrient management is crucial for enhancing productivity and ensuring sustainability. The research was conducted in multiple agro-ecological zones in Gopalganj, where field trials were established with three treatment groups: traditional fertilization practices, organic fertilizers, and a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers (INM). The results demonstrated that INM practices significantly improved potato yield and quality compared to traditional practices. Specifically, the INM group exhibited a 20% increase in yield and enhanced tuber quality, characterized by higher nutrient content and reduced incidence of common diseases. Soil health parameters, including microbial activity, nutrient availability, and organic matter content, were also positively influenced by INM practices. Economic analysis revealed that, despite higher initial costs, INM practices were more cost-effective in the long run due to reduced fertilizer input and improved crop yield. This study highlights the importance of adopting sustainable nutrient management strategies to improve potato production in Bangladesh. The findings underscore the potential of INM practices to enhance food security and support sustainable agricultural development. By integrating organic and inorganic fertilizers, farmers can achieve higher yields, better-quality produce, and maintain soil health, making INM a viable strategy for the future of potato farming in Bangladesh.
Sensory Acceptability of Multiple Micronutrients Fortified (MMF) Lentil in Bangladesh
Authors: Podder Rajib , Yunus Fakir M. , Munaf Nurjahan Binte , Rahman Farzana , Khanam Fouzia , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain , Vandenberg Albert
Published: November 2024

In this study, panelists in rural Bangladesh (n=150) evaluated the sensory properties of cooked and uncooked dehulled red lentils fortified with eight vitamins and two minerals. Panelists rated appearance, odor, and overall acceptability using a 9-point hedonic scale (1 = dislike extremely to 9 = like extremely). We also assessed the taste and texture of the cooked lentil samples, which were prepared as typical South Asian lentil meals. We noted that consumer responses varied significantly in appearance in uncooked samples but were similar in odor and overall acceptability. Meanwhile, the five attributes of cooked samples, including overall acceptability, showed significantly similar consumer responses. This suggests that the fortification process minimally affected the sensory qualities of the fortified lentil sample. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between color measurements (L = lightness, a* = redness, and b* = yellowness) from HunterLab and sensory acceptability scores were highly significant (p < 0.0001), with values ranging from -0.98 to 0.97. The Cronbach’s alpha (CA) scores for both cooked control and fortified samples were 0.79. The average CA scores for uncooked and cooked samples were 0.71 and 0.79, respectively, demonstrating high consistency in the panelists’ evaluations using hedonic scales. Overall, the sensory qualities of multiple micronutrient fortified lentils were acceptable and did not differ significantly from unfortified lentils.
Exploring the Biological Activity of Phytocannabinoids Formulations for Skin Health Care: A Special Focus on Molecular Pathways
Authors: Trigo Guilherme , Coelho Mariana , Ferreira Carolina Borges , Melosini Matteo , Lehmann Inês Sousa , Reis Catarina P. , Gaspar Maria Manuela , Santos Susana
Published: November 2024

Background: Recent advancements have highlighted the potential of cannabis and its phy-tocannabinoids (pCBs) in skin health applications. These compounds, through their interac-tion with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), show promise for skin health products. Their ability to regulate inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular proliferation makes them bene-ficial in addressing skin issues like inflammation, scarring, healing, acne, and aging, posi-tioning them as valuable tools for innovative skincare solutions.
Methods: We investigated the cellular and molecular effects of proprietary pCB-based for-mulations on ECS modulation, inflammation, and skin regeneration. Using human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and keratinocytes (HaCat), we assessed the formulations in both pre-treatment and treatment scenarios following exposure to stress-inducing agents. Key molecular markers were analyzed to tackle their efficacy in mitigating inflammation and promoting structural integrity and regeneration.
Results: Our findings show that these formulations significantly reduce inflammation, pro-mote skin regeneration, and improve structural functions. In vivo studies confirmed that the formulations were well-tolerated and led to noticeable improvements in skin health, including enhanced barrier function.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of pCB-based formulations for cosmeceutical applications. By combining molecular analysis with in vivo testing, our research provides new insights into the therapeutic potential of pCBs for managing various skin con-ditions.
A Machine Learning and IoT-Enabled Robot Swarm System for Pipeline Crack Detection
Authors: Kandil Ayman , Khanafer Mounib , Darwiche Ali , Qasem Reem , Matook Fatima , Younis Ahmad , Badran Habib , Bin-Jassem Maryam , Ahmed Ossama , Behiry Ali , El-Abd Mohammed
Published: November 2024

In today’s expanding cities, pipeline networks are becoming an essential part of the industrial infrastructure. Monitoring these pipelines autonomously is becoming increasingly important. Inspecting pipelines for cracks is one specific task that poses a huge burden on humans. Undetected cracks may pose multi-dimensional risks. In this paper, we introduce the Pipeline Leak Identification Emergency Robot Swarm (PLIERS) system; an industrial system that deploys Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, and Neural Network technologies to detect cracks in emptied water and sewage pipelines. In PLIERS, a swarm of robots inspect emptied pipelines from the inside to detect cracks, collect images of them, and register their locations. When the images are taken, they are fed into a cloud-based module for analysis by a convolutional neural network (CNN). CNN is used to detect cracks and identify their severity. Through extensive training and testing, the CNN model performance showed promising scores for accuracy (between 80% and 90%), recall (at least 95%), precision (at least 95%), and F1 (at least 96%). Additionally, through the careful design of a prototype for a water/sewage pipeline structure with several types of cracks, the robots used managed to exchange information among themselves and convey crack images to the cloud-based server for further analysis. PLIERS is a system that deploys trendy technologies to detect and recognize cracks in pipeline grids. It adds to the efforts of improving instrumentation and measurement approaches by using robots, sensory, IoT principles, and the efficient analysis of CNN’s.
Phosphate-Based Binders for Stabilization and Solidification of Soils Contaminated with Multiple Heavy Metals: Mechanisms and Efficacy Evaluation
Authors: Xu Shiliang , Cheema Ayesha Imtiyaz , Zhang Yunhui , Dong Bin
Published: November 2024

Contamination by heavy metals is the global concern now-a-days. But the management of these heavy metals problems by stabilization/solidification is the most effective technique for controlling metal pollution in the soil. However, this research studies the immobilization efficiency of various phosphates-based binders (Na₃PO₄, Na₂HPO₄, NaH₂PO₄), which also includes Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), MgO, and CaO for stabilizing multi-metal contaminated soils. Moreover, the current study focused on the leachability of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn) over different time periods and with different concentrations. Therefore, batch leaching tests experiment were conducted to determine the leaching ratio and percentage of various metal concentrations along with measuring the pH values of the leachates. Our study results indicate that OPC validates because of its superior immobilization across all metals present in the soil, but more specifically the metals with high concentrations and also owing to the formation of stable hydroxides and high pH which assists in abating metal solubility. Additionally, phosphate-based binders, though are environmentally favorable, but disclosed less effectiveness, particularly for Pb and Cu, whereas, leaching beats non-hazardous waste limits. Conversely, MgO also offer a reasonable immobilization but was less effective as compared to OPC, while on the other hand, CaO exhibited and found to be an increased leaching over time. Therefore, this research highlights OPC's as a more suitable for soil remediation wherever structural and contamination control is essential. Despite the fact, phosphate-based binders are found to be more appropriate for eco-friendly, non-load-bearing applications.
3,3′-Selenobis(1-Benzyl-2-Oxo-1,2-Dihydropyridine-4-Carbaldehyde)
Authors: Grosjean Emeline , Rizet Julien , Arabi Aliabadi Shekoufeh , Azéma-Despeyroux Joelle , Hoffmann Pascal , Lherbet Christian
Published: November 2024

Selenium compounds have garnered significant attention in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their unique biochemical properties and potential therapeutic applications for different pa-thologies. In this study, we report the synthesis of a new selenylated bis-pyridone compound using SeO2 as the source of selenium. The detailed characterizations 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis are given.
Innovative Ultrasonic Spray Methods for Indoor Disinfection
Authors: Shalunov Andrey , Kudryashova Olga , Khmelev Vladimir , Genne Dmitry , Terentiev Sergey , Nesterov Viktor
Published: November 2024

This study addresses the challenge of dispersing disinfectant liquids for sanitizing people, indoor spaces, vehicles, and outdoor areas. Fine aerosol sprays with a large surface area of particles are considered the most promising solution for such tasks. The study identifies shortcomings in current spraying methods and highlights the potential of ultrasonic liquid atomization for improving disinfection processes. Innovative specialized ultrasonic atomizers are introduced, capable of producing aerosols with the required droplet size and efficiency from disinfectant liquids of varying viscosities, including those containing silver nanoparticles.
Impact of Pre-Vaccination Active Vitamin D Levels on COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine-Induced Immunity in a Japanese Cohort
Authors: Hirakawa Tomoaki , Yamada Goki , Tokiya Mikiko , Furukawa Takuma , Iwasaka Chiharu , Sawada Takeshi , Tsujita Tadayuki , Kido Mizuho A , Hirota Yoshio , Hara Megumi , Matsumoto Akiko
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Low blood vitamin D levels have been linked to COVID-19 severity; however, data on the effects of vitamin D on vaccine immunogenicity remain limited. This study evaluated the impact of baseline serum 1α, 25-(OH)2 vitamin D, a bioactive form with controlled blood concentrations, on vaccine response. Methods: From June to September 2021, we measured active vitamin D levels in 88 Japanese workers and students before vaccination with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. We assessed SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 IgG and IgM levels and antigen-specific INF-γ-releasing cells from pre-vaccination up to 8 months post-second dose. Results: Active vitamin D levels ranged from 33.7 to 99.8 pg/mL, 60.2% above the Japanese reference range (20–60 pg/mL). In a mixed model accounting for repeated measures and sub-cohort random effects and following fixed effects, vaccine type, weeks post-vaccination, age, sex, ALDH2 gene polymorphism, height, smoking, ethanol intake, exercise, stress, steroid use, allergies, dyslipidemia, active vitamin D was negatively associated with anti-S1 IgG and IgM (p < 0.001) but positively with INF-γ-releasing cell counts (p = 0.003). Conclusions: As the robustness of cellular immunity is independent of viral mutations, 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D levels above the reference range may enhance vaccine-induced COVID-19 protection in the long term.
The Elusive Biological Activity of Scorpionates: A Useful Scaffold for Cancer Therapy?
Authors: Petrosian Artem , Pinheiro Pedro F. , Ribeiro Ana P. C. , Martins Luísa Margarida , Justino Gonçalo C.
Published: November 2024

Cancer remains a formidable challenge, requiring the constant pursuit of novel therapeutic agents and strategies. Scorpionates, known for their unique coordination properties, have recently gained attention for their anticancer potential. Traditionally applied in catalysis, these compounds have demonstrated notable cytotoxicity across various cancer cell lines, often surpassing the efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutics. This review addresses recent findings on scorpionate complexes, emphasizing the impact of metal choice and ligand design on biological activity. Copper and ruthenium scorpionates show promise, leveraging redox activity and mitochondrial disruption mechanisms to selectively induce cancer cell death. Ligand modifications, including sulfur-containing heterocycles and unsubstituted pyrazoles, have proven effective in enhancing cytotoxicity and selectivity. Furthermore, dipodal ligands show unique potential, with selective binding sites that improve stability and facilitate specific cellular interactions, such as targeting metastatic pathways. These findings highlight the largely unexplored potential of scorpionate complexes, positioning them as candidates for next-generation anticancer therapies. Continued research into structure-activity relationships and precise mechanisms of action could pave the way for developing highly potent and selective anticancer agents based on scorpionate chemistry.
Determination of the De Novo Minimum Selection Concentration of Trimethoprim In Vivo for Escherichia coli Using Galleria mellonella
Authors: Macloed Jaime Knox , Gestels Zina , Abdellati Said , Vanbaelen Thibaut , Kenyon Chris , Manoharan-Basil Sheeba Santhini
Published: November 2024

Background:
We hypothesized that the maximum residual concentrations of trimethoprim allowed in food (Acceptable Daily Intake – ADI) could select for de novo trimethoprim resistance in Escherichia coli in vivo.
Methods:
We developed models of chronic Escherichia coli infection in Galleria mellonella and exposed them to sub-ADI doses of trimethoprim via single-dosing regimens. The emergence of trimethoprim resistance was assessed via isolation of the target bacteria in selective agar plates. Species identity was confirmed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and the antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli to trimethoprim was evaluated using the E-test to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Results:
Exposure to as low as one-tenth of the ADI dose of the single-dosing regimen of trimethoprim resulted in the selection of trimethoprim resistance in E. coli.
Conclusion:
We found that trimethoprim doses ten-fold lower than those classified as acceptable for daily intake could induce resistance to trimethoprim in E. coli. These results suggest that it would be prudent to include the induction of antimicrobial resistance as a significant criterion for determining ADIs in food.
The Impact of Female Director Background on ESG Performance of Chinese Technology Firms: A Moderating Effect Based on Risk Appetite
Authors: Tong Luning , Chen Maowei
Published: November 2024

As global focus persists on gender variety and corporate social responsibility, the participation and influence of women in corporate governance, particularly their effect on the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance of corporations, have garnered extensive scrutiny. Studies have shown that women usually exhibit a more prudent approach to risk. In corporations with decision-making and tend to care more about long-term corporate interests and social responsibilities, the presence of women in executive roles confers a distinctive edge in enhancing a firm's ESG outcomes. This study explores the influence of women directors' personal characteristics on performance in ESG corporations and the findings suggest that the proportion of female directors has a significant positive impact on the ESG performance of Chinese technology companies. Furthermore, the corporate risk appetite has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between the proportion of female directors and ESG performance. The higher education that female directors get, financial professional background, and long-term experience can more effectively promote the company's ESG performance. This study enhances the theoretical framework of corporate governance and ESG studies, while also offering innovative guidance for firms to enhance their ESG scores and develop effective risk management strategies.
Rheological, Thermal, and Textural Characteristics of White, Milk, Dark, and Ruby Chocolate
Authors: Zarić Danica B. , Rakin Marica B. , Bulatović Maja Lj. , Dimitrijević Ivan D. , Ostojin Vanja D. , Lončarević Ivana S. , Stožinić Milica V.
Published: November 2024

This study compares the rheological, thermal, and textural characteristics of four types of chocolate—white, milk, ruby, and dark—produced by the same manufacturer. White, milk, and ruby chocolates contain 36% fat, while dark chocolate has 39%. Cocoa content varies: from 28% in white, 33% in milk, 47% in ruby, to 70% in dark chocolate. Rheological properties were assessed with a rotational rheometer, while density was measured with a gas pycnometer. Particle size distribution (PSD) was evaluated using laser diffraction, and thermal properties were analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC results indicated that enthalpy increased with cocoa content, whereby dark chocolate showed the highest value (55.04 J g⁻¹) and white chocolate the lowest (35.3 J g⁻¹). PSD followed a monomodal pattern; dark chocolate had the smallest particles leading to the highest hardness. Density ranged from 1.2773 to 1.2067 g cm⁻³. Results from classical rotational rheological measurements were in accordance with oscillatory measurements. Rheological measurements confirmed that the Casson yield stress was highest for milk chocolate (17.61 Pa). The viscosity values decrease with increasing shear rate for all chocolates. All chocolate samples showed strong shear-thinning behavior up to 100 s.1 shear rate. Oscillatory measurements showed paste-like nature of all samples, i.e. storage modulus G’ dominates loss modulus G’’ at small shear stress values, and that complex modulus G*, which represents the stiffness varied as follows: milk > white > dark > ruby.
Characteristics and Paleoenvironment of the Niutitang Shale Reservoir in the Zhenba Area
Authors: Tian Tao , Chang Wei , Zhang Pei , Yang Jiahui , Zhang Li
Published: November 2024

The lack of in-depth analysis on the reservoir characteristics and the paleoenvironmental conditions of the Niutitang Formation in the study area has led to an unclear understanding of its geological background. In this study, core samples from well SZY1 were selected, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and quantitative elemental analysis were employed to systematically investigate the reservoir properties and paleoenvironment of the shales. The results indicate that the Niutitang Formation shales form a low-porosity, low-permeability reservoir. By utilizing indicators such as the chemical index of alteration (CIA) and elemental ratios, the study delves into the paleoclimate and paleoproductivity of the region.The (La/Yb)n ratio is approximately 1, indicating a rapid deposition rate that is beneficial for the accumulation and preservation of organic matter. The chondrite-normalized and North American Shale Composite (NASC)-normalized rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns of the shales show consistent trends with minimal variation, reflecting the presence of mixed sources for the sediments in the study area. Analysis reveals that the Niutitang Formation shales are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs) with a negative europium anomaly, and the primary source rocks are sedimentary and granitic, located far from areas of seafloor hydrothermal activity. The NiEF and CuEF values suggest high paleoproductivity, and the shales were deposited in an anoxic-reducing environment. The depositional environments of the Marcellus and Utica shales in the United States, the Wufeng-Longmaxi black shales in the Changning area of the Sichuan Basin, and the shales in the study area are similar, characterized by anoxic reducing conditions and well-developed fractures. The thermal evolution degree of the study area is relatively moderate, currently in the peak gas generation stage, with the reservoir quality rated as medium to high, indicating good potential for hydrocarbon accumulation and promising exploration prospects.
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of the Course of COVID-19 Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Heart Transplant Recipients in Slovenia
Authors: Grasselli Kmet Nina , Mavrič Matej , Saletinger Rajko
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Patients receiving solid organ transplantation require lifelong immunosuppression, making them more susceptible to COVID-19. Vaccination against COVID-19 is recommended for HTR. The aim of the present study was to compare the course of the disease in vaccinated and unvaccinated HTR hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Slovenia and to evaluate possible hesitant groups. Methods: All SARS-CoV-2 positive HTR (N=79) between 1 March 2020 and 31 December 2023 at the Infectious Diseases Department, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia, were included retrospectively. Demographic, clinical and vaccination data were extracted from medical documentation and statistical evaluation was performed. Results: The vaccination rate in the cohort was 63.3%. We found no statistically significant difference in vaccination rates regarding gender (male 68.4% vs. female 50%, p=0.128), but there was a statistically significant higher revaccination rate in males (male 52.7% vs. female 18.2%, p=0.021). Vaccinated HRT were statistically significantly older than unvaccinated (p=0.000) and had a significantly higher Charlson Comorbidity index (p=0.001). The vaccination rate among patients who received transplants before the pandemic (prior to 2020) was statistically significantly higher (71.7% vs. 46.2%; p=0.027). Conclusions: Our results indicate no significant differences in the clinical course of COVID-19 between vaccinated and unvaccinated HRT regarding acute respiratory insufficiency (ARI), length of hospital stay (LOS), intensive care unit admission and mortality. However, our findings do suggest statistically significant differences in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates; younger HRT and those transplanted after the pandemic are more hesitant to vaccination and female HRT accept booster doses less frequently.
Risk Factors for Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Resection
Authors: Krzentowska Anna , Gołkowski Filip , Broniatowska Elżbieta , Konturek Aleksander , Barczyński Marcin
Published: November 2024

Background: An accurate diagnosis of thyroid nodules is crucial for avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures and making timely treatment possible. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FNAB (fine-needle aspiration biopsy) using histopathological findings as the reference standards. Patients with the diagnostic categories (DCs) III, IV, V were subjected to a special analysis. In addition, the authors assessed whether other factors, i.e. age, gender, BMI (body mass index), obesity and histopathologically confirmed lymphocytic thyroiditis had an impact on the occurrence of malignant tumors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 535 patients who underwent thyroid surgery between October 2022 and September 2023. To assess the FNAB reliability, the result obtained using the Bethesda classification was compared with the histopathological result. Results: The ROM (risk of malignancy) values for DCs I-VI were 38.1%, 15.6%, 29.8%, 18.6%, 91.0%, 93.2%, respectively. DC V (OR 62.34, p< 0.0001) and age≤50 (OR=2.31, p<0.006) had a statistically significant effect on the risk of thyroid cancer. DCs III and IV were not statistically significantly associated with the risk of malignancy (OR=1.68,p=0.16; OR=1.51,p=0.3,respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in sex, BMI and obesity between the patients with benign and malignant lesions. Conclusion: DC V is associated with a high likelihood of malignancy, especially in patients under 50 years of age, and therefore surgery is indicated in this category of subjects. In the DCs III and IV categories, the risk of malignancy is lower and conservative management with active clinical and ultrasound surveillance can be considered. In patients < 50 years of age, with the Bethesda categories III and IV, surgical treatment should be considered.
Early Prediction of Fetal Macrosomia Through Maternal Lipid Profiles
Authors: Chagovets Vitaliy , Frankevich Natalia , Starodubtseva Natalia , Tokareva Alisa , Derbentseva Elena , Yuryev Sergey , Kutzenko Anastasia , Sukhikh Gennady , Frankevich Vladimir
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of fetal macrosomia is steadily increasing worldwide, reaching up to 20%. Fetal macrosomia complicates pregnancy and delivery. Current prediction strategies are inaccurate, and most patients with fetal macrosomia go into labor with an "unknown status." The aim of this study was to develop a system for predicting fetal macrosomia based on the lipid profile of the pregnant woman's blood serum. 110 patients were included in the study, 30 patients had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), 80 – had not. During the observation, blood samples were collected at three time points: in the first trimester (11-13 weeks of pregnancy), in the second trimester (24-26 weeks), and in the third trimester (30-32 weeks). Lipids were detected by flow injection analysis with mass spectrometry. Lipid profiles of pregnant women were discriminated by orthogonal projection on latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) in all three trimesters. The developed OPLS-DA models allow predicting the occurrence of fetal macrosomia during pregnancy. Three sets of models were developed: models independent of GDM status with sensitivity of 0.85, and specificity of 0.91; models for patients with positive GDM status with sensitivity of 0.91, and specificity of 0.96; models for patients with negative GDM status with sensitivity of 0.93, and specificity of 0.92. Phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins were the most important discriminative features. These lipid groups probably play an important role in the pathogenesis of fetal macrosomia and may serve as laboratory markers of this pregnancy complication.
RF Dielectric Permittivity Sensing of Molecular Spin State Switching Using a Tunnel Diode Oscillator
Authors: Soroceanu Ion , Diaconu Andrei , Salmon Lionel , Molnár Gábor , Rotaru Aurelian
Published: November 2024

We introduce a novel approach to study the dielectric permittivity of spin crossover (SCO) molecular materials using a radio frequency (RF) resonant tunnel diode oscillator (TDO) circuit. By fabricating a parallel plate capacitor using SCO particles embedded into a polymer matrix as an integral part of the LC tank of the TDO we were able to extract the temperature dependence of the dielectric permittivity from frequency measurements for a wide selection of resonance values, spanning from 100 kHz up to 50 MHz, with great precision (less than 2 ppm), in a broad temperature range. By making use of this simple electronic circuit to explore the frequency and temperature dependent dielectric permittivity of the compound Fe[(Htrz)2(trz)]BF4 we demonstrate the reliability and resolution of the technique and show how the results compare with those obtained using complex instrumentation.
CONSTRUCTION OF A SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION MODEL OF WIND ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Ausheva Nataliia , Shapovalova Svitlana , Petrenko Kateryna , Kardashov Oleksandr , Sofiienko Anton
Published: November 2024

The aim of this article is to develop a model for the spatial distribution of wind energy characteristics across the territory of Ukraine. The subject of the study includes datasets of wind speed values, as well as methods of data correlation, validation, and interpolation. Research results. Based on NASA reanalysis datasets and measurement results from 70 meteorological stations in Ukraine, a dataset of paired wind speed data corresponding to the same location but obtained through different methods was created. Through a comparative analysis of regression task results, evaluated using machine learning models trained on the dataset, the Random Forest model was selected as the most accurate (based on RMSE, R², and Pearson correlation coefficient) for predicting wind speedc deviations in NASA reanalysis data to bring them closer to actual values. The Pearson correlation coefficient improved by 0.07 in the worst case and by 0.66 in the best case. Using the Random Forest model’s predictions, corrections were made to all wind speed values in the NASA reanalysis data. The accuracy of the corrected data was also confirmed by the study of trend dynamics over the course of a year using three different data sources: meteorological station measurements, NASA reanalysis data, and corrected NASA reanalysis data. Using the universal kriging method, the corrected wind speed values were interpolated at grid nodes across the entire territory of Ukraine. The accuracy of the interpolation results was validated using the cross-validation method. Conclusion. Based on these results, a GIS-based tool was created, enabling the determination of reliable wind energy characteristics at any given point across Ukraine. The proposed GIS can primarily be used for the design of wind power plants and for selecting optimal locations for their deployment.
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DEMODULATOR FOR ASSESSING THE INDICATORS NOISE IMMUNITY TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Ibrahimov Bayram , Hashimov Elshan , Ismayılov Togrul
Published: November 2024

The noise immunity indicators of the functioning telecommunication systems in the presence interference sources are analyzed based on the architectural concept of the next and future networks. The object study is the optimal demodulator signal receiver with matched filters. The relevance of this area research is shown. Based on a study algorithms for the operation of a demodulator with matched filters, a new approach to constructing a mathematical model for assessing the noise immunity characteristics receiving traffic messages is proposed. The developed mathematical model takes into account the demodulator synthesis algorithm, effective modulation and coding methods in the detector receiver. The subject of the research is a mathematical model for assessing the noise immunity indicators of the functioning multiservice telecommunication networks. Based on a study of the reliability of the transmission traffic messages, a block diagram of an optimal demodulator signal receiver with matched filters is proposed. The purpose of the research is to develop a new approach to create a mathematical model for assessing the characteristics communication quality and noise immunity telecommunication systems when receiving message traffic packets in a complex signal-noise environment. Based on a mathematical model for assessing the noise immunity indicators of telecommunication systems, important analytical expressions for further research were obtained. As a result of the research, the main conclusions of the study were obtained, which can be implemented and used in multi-service fixed and mobile communication networks to calculate the noise immunity indicators of public telecommunication systems. The rationale for the proposed main stages of the study is given, the results of analytical research and simulation modeling are presented, confirming the validity of the theoretical conclusions made.
Kekemelik hakkında bilgi kaynağı olarak YouTube
Authors: Cangökçe Yaşar Özlem , Birol Namık Yücel , Erensoy İbrahim
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, YouTubeTM platformunda yer alan Türkçe kaynaklı kekemelik ile ilgili videoların içerik ve kalitesini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: “Kekemelik”, “kekemelik tedavisi” ve “kekemelik terapisi” anahtar sözcükleri kullanılarak YouTubeTM araması yapılmıştır. Yapılan ön elemenin ardından180 video analiz edilmiştir. Videolar, kekemelik hakkında bilgi verenler ve videoların hitap ettiği popülasyona göre gruplandırılmıştır. Videoların analizinde modifiye DISCERN, Global Quality Scale (GQS), Journal of American Medical Association Benchmark Criteria (JAMAS), Video Power Index (VPI) ve modifiye Patient Education Materials Tool (PEMAT) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Dil ve Konuşma Terapistleri tarafından yüklenen videoların eğitsel değer, video kalitesi, bilgi güvenirliği, işitsel-görsel kalite açısından daha iyi olduğu ancak popülaritesinin düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarından yola çıkarak, bireylerin medya kullanımına yönelik okullarda bilgilendirilmesinin, sağlık alanında doğru bilgiye ulaşma yolları hakkında eğitim verilmesinin kekemelik hakkında doğru bilgiye ulaşmada katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmüştür.
COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Okul Öncesi Eğitime Devam Eden Çocukların Pandemiye İlişkin Algılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Bapoğlu Dümenci S.seda , Demir Emin
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Ülkemizde COVID-19 virüsü ile mücadele kapsamında Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından alınan karar ile 16 Mart 2020 tarihinden itibaren okulların yüz yüze eğitimine ara verilmiş ve 1 Haziran 2020 tarihinde, pandeminin seyrine bağlı olarak yüz yüze eğitime devam etme kararı alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada, pandemi döneminde tam zamanlı olarak okul öncesi eğitime yüz yüze devam eden çocukların pandemi algısını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında çocukların pandemi algısına yönelik olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tek araçsal durum çalışması deseni tercih edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak görüşme formları ve çocuk resimleri kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgular pandemi sürecine dair çocukların yaşadıkları değişim ve tepki başlıkları altında incelenmiştir. Değişim başlığına yönelik temalar incelendiğinde pandeminin getirdiği maske, mesafe, artan hijyen gereksinimin yanı sıra çocukların yaşamını etkileyen okula oyuncak getirmeme, etkinliklerin yapılmaması gibi çeşitli temalar elde edilmiştir. Tepki başlığında ise korku, merak, üzüntü, şaşkınlık temaları ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuç: Pandemi yetişkinlerde olduğu gibi çocukların da günlük yaşamını derinden etkilemiştir. Okul öncesi kuruma devam eden çocukların yaşadıkları değişim ve verdikleri tepkiler bağlamında psikososyal desteğe ihtiyaç duydukları söylenebilir.
İletişim Bozukluklarının Klinik Olarak Değerlendirilmesi: “İletişim Becerileri Kontrol Listesi-2 (İBKL-2)”nin Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Ünal Şule , Şahin Semra
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Dil ve konuşma bozukluklarının belirlenmesinde pragmatik dil becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Ülkemizde bu konuya ilişkin değerlendirme araçlarının sınırlılığı dikkate alınarak öncelikle birçok ülke tarafından sıklıkla kullanılan bir aracın uyarlanmasının uygun olacağı düşünülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bishop (2003) tarafından İngilizce versiyonu geliştirilen “Children’s Communication Checklist-Second Edition (CCC-2)” aracının Türkçe versiyonunu oluşturmak ve geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasını gerçekleştirmektir. Aracın Türkçe versiyonunun ismi İletişim Becerileri Kontrol Listesi – 2 olarak belirlenmiştir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemi Ankara ili Çankaya ve Mamak ilçelerinde bulunan Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı on yedi kurumda (6 ana okul, 4 ilkokul, 4 ortaokul ve 3 özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezi) eğitim gören 4-15 yaş grubu 1115 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Testin uyarlama çalışması, APA, AERA ve NCME Eğitimde ve Psikolojide Ölçme Standartları’nda (1999) test uyarlama ve çeviri sürecinde geliştirilen uluslararası test uyarlama ilkeleri dikkate alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tüm örneklem aracın geçerlik, güvenirlik çalışmasına dâhil edilmiştir. Aracın güvenirliğini belirlemek amacıyla iç tutarlılık Cronbach alfa güvenirlik analizi ile test tekrar test yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Aracın geçerliliği ise yapı geçerliliği yöntemleri kullanılarak test edilmiştir.Bulgular: Analizlerin sonucunda İBKL-2’nin DFA sonuçlarına göre ölçeğin 10 faktörlü yapısının kabul edilebilir olduğu, model uyum indekslerinin iyi düzeyde olduğu (χ2/sd=2.00, RMSEA=0.054, SRMR=0.065, NNFI=0.95, CFI=0.96) bulunmuştur. Ayırt edici geçerlilik analizleri ise normal gelişim gösteren ve Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu olan çocuklar arasında İBKL-2 puanları arasında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç: Aracın Türk dili ve kültürüne uygun, iyi düzeyde güvenirlik ve yeterli düzeyde geçerlilik gösterdiği, birincil dili Türkçe olan çocukların iletişim becerilerini değerlendirmek için kullanıma uygun bir araç olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir.
The Effect of Different Noise Maskers and Speech Understanding in Noise on Auditory Cortical N1 Response
Authors: Bostan Yasemin , Yaralı Mehmet
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different noise types at different signal to noise ratios(SNR) on sound onset and sound change evoked N1 responses among normal hearing individuals with different speech in noise abilities.Materials and Methods: 30 participants aged between 18-30 are included in the study. Participants were divided into two groups based on median value of the scores obtained in speech in noise test. In electrophysiological measurements the stimulus /ui/ was presented in quiet, and in white noise and ICRA noise under two SNRs. Sound onset and sound change evoked N1 latencies and N1-P2 amplitudes were compared between conditions and groups.Results: White sound onset N1 latencies were prolonged in both noise types under both SNRs, N1-P2 amplitudes were lower in ICRA noise under both SNR conditions compared to quiet. Latencies and amplitudes at the same SNR under ICRA noise were higher and lower respectively compared to white noise. Sound change N1 latencies were higher at +10dB SNR ICRA noise and +5dB SNR white noise compared to quiet, N1-P2 amplitudes were lower at ICRA +5dB, +10dB SNR and at white noise +5dB SNR compared to quiet. In between group comparisons sound onset N1-P2 amplitudes of group-2 were higher than group-1 at white noise +5dB SNR, no relationship between speech in noise scores and cortical responses was found. Conclusion: The presence of noise change the sound onset and sound change N1 responses, the effect of noise types changes based on the evoked response.
Sleep Quality in Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy: The Relationship between Children’s Gross Motor Function, Sleep Habits
Authors: Tuncer Ayşenur , Çelik Güzel Hazel , Uzun Asiye , Atılgan Elif Dilan
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sleep habits and gross motor skill level of children with cerebral palsy and the sleep quality of their mothers.Materials and Methods: Evaluation was made of 83 children, aged 3-18 years, with different clinical types of cerebral palsy and varying physical capabilities, and their mothers who were the carers. In the rehabilitation centres of three different cities, the children were evaluated with the Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) and the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and the sleep quality of their mothers with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQİ).Results: The sleep problems of 86% of the children and 84% of the mothers were determined to be poor sleep quality. The GMFCS was found to be correlated with the CSHQ (p=0.002), but not with the sleep quality of the mothers (p=0.164). A statistically significant positive correlation was determined between the PSQI score of the mothers and the total CSHQ score of the children (r=0.259, p=0.018). No statistically significant correlation was determined between the PSQI and the total sleep and waking at night scores (r=-0.087, p=0.433; r=-0.058, p=0.600). Conclusions: The sleep quality of the mothers was determined to be affected by the sleep habits of their children with cerebral palsy. Poor sleep quality can be physically and psychologically destructive in the long term for mothers who are providing care. It is therefore essential that support services related to the sleep quality of mothers are further developed.
Çocuk Gelişimci Annelerin Çocuk Yetiştirme Deneyimlerinin İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: Aytekin Çiğdem
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Annelik beraberinde birçok sorumluluğu, yeni rolleri ve bir değişim sürecini getiren kritik bir geçiş dönemidir. Annelik rolü ve buna bağlı olarak çocuk yetiştirme davranışları bazı faktörlerden etkilenebilmektedir. Bu faktörlerden birisi çocuk gelişimi ile ilgili bilgi durumu olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu çalışmada, temel olarak, çocuk gelişimci annelerin çocuklarını yetiştirme sürecinde hangi konularda zorluk yaşadıklarını ve mesleklerinin çocuk yetiştirme sürecindeki olası etkileri konusunda ne düşündüklerini ortaya koyabilmek amaçlanmaktadır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseninde planlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, ölçüt örnekleme ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 25 çocuk gelişimci anne katılım sağlamıştır. Çalışmanın verileri araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan soru formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiş, ortaya çıkan tema ve kodlar modeller aracılığıyla sunulmuştur. Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgulara göre anneler en çok 0-1 yaş döneminde zorluk yaşamıştır; 0-1 yaş döneminde en çok zorlandıkları konu uyku, 1-3 yaş döneminde inatlaşma ve 3-6 yaş döneminde sınır koyma ve okula uyum konuları olmuştur. Anneler mesleki bilgilerinin olası etkilerini gelişim süreçleriyle daha iyi başa çıkma ve gelişimi destekleyici uygulamaları planlayabilme olarak belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Çalışmada çocuk gelişimci annelerin de çocuk yetiştirme sürecinde diğer anneler gibi zorlandıkları durumların olduğu, zaman zaman mesleki bilgileriyle çelişen uygulamalar yapabildikleri, anne olmanın ise mesleki bakış açılarını olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Factors Affecting Physical Activity Level in Healthy Individuals During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Numanoğlu Akbaş Ayşe , Suner-keklik Sinem
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the physical activity levels of healthy individuals and the factors affecting these levels during the Coronavirus-19 pandemic period. Materials and Methods: Individuals between the ages of 18 and 65 were included in the study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form, the Coronavirus-19 Phobia Scale, and the Physical Activity Barriers Questionnaire were used to assess the individuals. A decision tree model made using the Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection Method was used to analyze how the variables explain the total physical activity score.Results: In this study, 267 individuals (199 females 74.53%, 68 males 25.47%) with a mean age of 26.71±9.67 were included. It was observed that 77.15% of the individuals did not have sufficient levels of physical activity. According to the decision tree analysis, gender was the factor that most differentiated the total physical activity scores of the participants (p<0.001). Physical activity levels of men were found to be higher than women. It was observed that the physical activity levels of women differed in accordance with the Personal subscale of the Physical Activity Barriers Questionnaire (p=0.002). Those who reported more personal barriers among women had lower physical activity levels.Conclusions: It was determined that most individuals had insufficient levels of physical activity, and gender and personal barriers were the most important determinants. Our study reveals that to increase the physical activity level of healthy individuals, it is necessary to focus on factors related to internal motivation.
Hemşirelerin 21. Yüzyıl Becerileri ile Kendi Kendine Öğrenmeye Hazır Oluşları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Ötün Tuba , Küçük Yüceyurt Nil , Akçin Şenyuva Emine
Published: November 2024

Giriş: Dinamik ve karmaşık bir sistem içinde çalışan hemşirelerin gelişen ve hızla değişen dünyaya, sağlık bakım hizmetlerine uyum sağlayabilmesi, nitelikli sağlık bakım hizmeti verebilmesi ve yaşamlarını üretken olarak sürdürebilmesi için kendi kendine öğrenme becerisi dâhil pek çok 21. yüzyıl becerilerine sahip olması önem taşımaktadır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada hemşirelerin 21. yüzyıl becerilerinin, kendi kendine öğrenmeye hazır oluşlarının ve aralarındaki ilişkinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma; kesitsel, tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı araştırma tasarımındadır. Gelişigüzel örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 418 hemşire ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplamada; Hemşire Bilgi Formu, Çok Boyutlu 21. Yüzyıl Becerileri Ölçeği, Kendi Kendine Öğrenmeye Hazır Oluş Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; yüzde, aritmetik ortalama vb., Bağımsız örneklem t testi, One-Way ANOVA, gruplar arası karşılaştırma testleri (Benforini, Tukey) ve korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Hemşirelerin 21. yüzyıl becerileri orta düzeyde, kendi kendine öğrenmeye hazır oluşlarının ortanın biraz üstündedir. Hemşirelerin 21. yüzyıl becerileri ve kendi kendine öğrenmeye hazır oluşları arasında orta güçte pozitif yönde ilişki bulunmakta olup kendi kendine öğrenmeye hazır oluşları 21. yüzyıl becerilerini pozitif yönde etkilemektedir.Sonuç: Hemşirelik eğitim programlarının hemşirelik öğrencilerinin, sürekli/hizmet içi eğitim etkinliklerinin ise hemşirelerin 21. yüzyıl becerilerini ve kendi kendine öğrenmeye hazır oluşlarını geliştirecek şekilde yapılandırılması önerilebilir.