bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal patterns of wildlife roadkill in the UK
Authors: Raymond Sarah , Schwartz Amy L. W. , Thomas Robert J. , Chadwick Elizabeth , Perkins Sarah E.
Published: October 2021

Wildlife-vehicle collisions are one of the main causes of mortality for wild mammals and birds in the UK. Here, using a dataset of 54,000+ records collated by a citizen science roadkill recording scheme between 2014–2019, we analyse and present temporal patterns of wildlife roadkill of the 19 most commonly reported taxa in the UK (84% of all reported roadkill). Most taxa (13 out of 19) showed significant and consistent seasonal variations in road mortality and fitted one of two seasonal patterns; bimodal or unimodal: only three species (red foxVulpes vulpes, European polecatMustela putoriusand Reeves’ muntjac deerMuntiacus reevesi) showed no significant seasonality. Species that increase movement in spring and autumn potentially have bimodal patterns in roadkill due to the increase in mate-searching and juvenile dispersal during these respective time periods (e.g. European badgerMeles meles). Unimodal patterns likely represent increased mortality due to a single short pulse in activity associated with breeding (e.g. birds) or foraging (e.g. grey squirrelsSciurus carolinensisin autumn). Importantly, these patterns also indicate periods of increased risk for drivers, potentially posing a greater threat to human welfare. In addition to behaviour-driven annual patterns, abiotic factors (temperature and rainfall) explained some variance in roadkill. Notably, high rainfall was associated with decreased observations of two bird taxa (gulls and Eurasian magpiesPica pica) and European rabbitOryctolagus cuniculus. By quantifying seasonal patterns in roadkill, we highlight a significant anthropogenic impact on wild species, which is important in relation to conservation, animal welfare, and human safety.
Altered mental status is a predictor of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients: A cohort study
Authors: Attia Abdallah S. , Hussein Mohammad , Aboueisha Mohamed A. , Omar Mahmoud , Youssef Mohanad R. , Mankowski Nicholas , Miller Michael , Munshi Ruhul , Swinford Aubrey , Kline Adam , Nguyen Therese , Toraih Eman , Duchesne Juan , Kandil Emad
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Several studies have described typical clinical manifestations, including fever, cough, diarrhea, and fatigue with COVID-19 infection. However, there are limited data on the association between the presence of neurological manifestations on hospital admission, disease severity, and outcomes. We sought to investigate this correlation to help understand the disease burden.

Methods

We delivered a multi-center retrospective study of positive laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients. Clinical presentation, laboratory values, complications, and outcomes data were reported. Our findings of interest were Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, intubation, mechanical ventilation, and in-hospital mortality.

Results

A total of 502 patients with a mean age of 60.83 ± 15.5 years, of them 71 patients (14.14%) presented with altered mental status, these patients showed higher odds of ICU admission (OR = 2.06, 95%CI = 1.18 to 3.59, p = 0.01), mechanical ventilation (OR = 3.28, 95%CI = 1.86 to 5.78, p < 0.001), prolonged (>4 days) mechanical ventilation (OR = 4.35, 95%CI = 1.89 to 10, p = 0.001), acute kidney injury (OR = 2.18, 95%CI = 1.28 to 3.74, p = 0.004), and mortality (HR = 2.82, 95%CI = 1.49 to 5.29, p = 0.01).

Conclusion

This cohort study found that neurological presentations are associated with higher odds of adverse events. When examining patients with neurological manifestations, clinicians should suspect COVID-19 to avoid delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis and lose the chance to treat and prevent further transmission.
Genotype by environment interaction, correlation, AMMI, GGE biplot and cluster analysis for grain yield and other agronomic traits in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Authors: Enyew Muluken , Feyissa Tileye , Geleta Mulatu , Tesfaye Kassahun , Hammenhag Cecilia , Carlsson Anders S.
Published: October 2021

Genotype by environment (G×E) interaction is a major factor limiting the success of germplasm selection and identification of superior genotypes for use in plant breeding programs. Similar to the case in other crops, G×E complicates the improvement of sorghum, and hence it should be determined and used in decision-making programs. The present study aimed at assessing the G×E interaction, and the correlation between traits for superior sorghum genotypes. Three hundred twenty sorghum landraces and four improved varieties were used in alpha lattice experimental design-based field trial across three environments (Melkassa, Mieso and Mehoni) in Ethiopia. Phenotypic data were collected for days to flowering (DTF), plant height (PH), panicle length (PALH), panicle width (PAWD), panicle weight (PAWT) and grain yield (GY). The results revealed that the variance due to genotype, environment and G×E interaction were highly significant (P < 0.001) for all traits. GY and PAWT were highly affected by environments and G×E whereas DTF, PALH, PAWD and PH were mainly affected by genotypic variation. Therefore, multi-environment testing is needed for taking care of G × E interaction to identify high yielding and stable sorghum landraces. GY and PAWT revealed highly significant positive correlations indicating the possibility of effective selection of the two traits simultaneously. Among the studied populations, South Wello, West Hararghe and Shewa zones had highly diverse genotypes that were distributed across all clusters. Hence, these areas can be considered as hotspots for identifying divergent sorghum landraces that could be used in breeding programs. Melkassa was the most representative environment whereas Mieso was the most discriminating. Five genotypes (G148, G123, G110, G203 and G73) were identified as superior across the test environments for grain yield with farmer-preferred trait, such as plant height. The identified stable and high yielding genotypes are valuable genetic resources that should be used in sorghum breeding programs.
Association between chronic hepatitis B infection and COVID-19 outcomes: A Korean nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kang Seong Hee , Cho Dong-Hyuk , Choi Jimi , Baik Soon Koo , Gwon Jun Gyo , Kim Moon Young
Published: October 2021

Background/Aims

We measured the association between underlying chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and antiviral use with infection rates among patients who underwent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing.

Methods

In total, 204,418 patients who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 between January and June 2020 were included. For each case patient (n = 7,723) with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, random controls (n = 46,231) were selected from the target population who had been exposed to someone with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but had a negative SARS-CoV-2 test result. We merged claim-based data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database collected. Primary endpoints were SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

Results

The proportion of underlying CHB was lower in COVID-19 positive patients (n = 267, 3.5%) than in COVID-19 negative controls (n = 2482, 5.4%). Underlying CHB was associated with a lower SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate, after adjusting for comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57–0.74). Among patients with confirmed COVID-19, underlying CHB tended to confer a 66% greater risk of severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19, although this value was statistically insignificant. Antiviral treatment including tenofovir and entecavir was associated with a reduced SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate (aOR 0.49; 95% CI, 0.37–0.66), while treatment was not associated with severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

Conclusions

Underlying CHB and antiviral agents including tenofovir decreased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. HBV coinfection did not increase the risk of disease severity or lead to a worse prognosis in COVID-19.
Synchrony as a measure of conversation difficulty: Movement coherence increases with background noise level and complexity in dyads and triads
Authors: Hadley Lauren V. , Ward Jamie A.
Published: October 2021

When people interact, they fall into synchrony. This synchrony has been demonstrated in a range of contexts, from walking or playing music together to holding a conversation, and has been linked to prosocial outcomes such as development of rapport and efficiency of cooperation. While the basis of synchrony remains unclear, several studies have found synchrony to increase when an interaction is made challenging, potentially providing a means of facilitating interaction. Here we focus on head movement during free conversation. As verbal information is obscured when conversing over background noise, we investigate whether synchrony is greater in high vs low levels of noise, as well as addressing the effect of background noise complexity. Participants held a series of conversations with unfamiliar interlocutors while seated in a lab, and the background noise level changed every 15-30s between 54, 60, 66, 72, and 78 dB. We report measures of head movement synchrony recorded via high-resolution motion tracking at the extreme noise levels (i.e., 54 vs 78 dB) in dyads (n = 15) and triads (n = 11). In both the dyads and the triads, we report increased movement coherence in high compared to low level speech-shaped noise. Furthermore, in triads we compare behaviour in speech-shaped noise vs multi-talker babble, and find greater movement coherence in the more complex babble condition. Key synchrony differences fall in the 0.2–0.5 Hz frequency bands, and are discussed in terms of their correspondence to talkers’ average utterance durations. Additional synchrony differences occur at higher frequencies in the triads only (i.e., >5 Hz), which may relate to synchrony of backchannel cues (as multiple individuals were listening and responding to the same talker). Not only do these studies replicate prior work indicating interlocutors’ increased reliance on behavioural synchrony as task difficulty increases, but they demonstrate these effects using multiple difficulty manipulations and across different sized interaction groups.
Severe COVID-19 in inflammatory bowel disease patients in a population-based setting
Authors: Creemers Rob H. , Rezazadeh Ardabili Ashkan , Jonkers Daisy M. , Leers Mathie P. G. , Romberg-Camps Mariëlle J. , Pierik Marie J. , van Bodegraven Ad A.
Published: October 2021

Objective

Data on the course of severe COVID-19 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients remains limited. We aimed to determine the incidence rate and clinical course of severe COVID-19 in the heavily affected South-Limburg region in the Netherlands.

Methods

All COVID-19 patients admitted to the only two hospitals covering the whole South-Limburg region between February 27, 2020 and January 4, 2021 were included. Incidence rates for hospitalization due to COVID-19 were determined for the IBD (n = 4980) and general population (n = 597,184) in South-Limburg.

Results

During a follow-up of 4254 and 510,120 person-years, 20 IBD patients (0.40%; 11 ulcerative colitis (UC), 9 Crohn’s disease (CD)) and 1425 (0.24%) patients from the general population were hospitalized due to proven COVID-19 corresponding to an incidence rate of 4.7 (95% Confidence interval (CI) 3.0–7.1) and 2.8 (95% CI 2.6–2.9) per 1000 patient years, respectively (Incidence rate ratio: 1.68, 95% CI 1.08–2.62, p = 0.019). Median age (IBD: 63.0 (IQR 58.0–75.8) years vs. general population: 72.0 (IQR 62.0–80.0) years, p = 0.10) and mean BMI (IBD: 24.4 (SD 3.3) kg/m2 vs. general population 24.1 (SD 4.9) kg/m2, p = 0.79) at admission were comparable in both populations. As for course of severe COVID-19, similar rates of ICU admission (IBD: 12.5% vs. general population: 15.7%, p = 1.00), mechanical ventilation (6.3% vs. 11.2%, p = 1.00) and death were observed (6.3% vs. 21.8%, p = 0.22).

Conclusion

We found a statistically significant higher rate of hospitalization due to COVID-19 in IBD patients in a population-based setting in a heavily impacted Dutch region. This finding reflects previous research that showed IBD patients using systemic medication were at an increased risk of serious infection. However, although at an increased risk of hospitalization, clinical course of severe COVID-19 was comparable to hospitalized patients without IBD.
Jubilación parcial y contrato de relevo: regulación y prospectiva
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ SAMBLÁS SEBASTIÁN , REQUENA MONTES OSCAR
Published: October 2021

En el marco de la “sociedad del bienestar” los Estados deben procurar acomodar la transición hacia la jubilación proveyendo a sus ciudadanos de vías efectivas, diversas y adaptadas a sus condiciones e intereses. Así pues, ante una “economía del conocimiento” donde las competencias profesionales de los recursos humanos de un país u organización adquieren un valor estratégico en términos de competitividad, resulta pertinente analizar el régimen jurídico de la jubilación parcial y del contrato de relevo.Respecto de dichas instituciones, en este trabajo se discuten sus distintas finalidades, incidiendo en su viabilidad y utilidad como fórmula adecuada al fin de transmitir bidireccionalmente las competencias laborales y digitales.
De guerrilleros a víctimas; de héroes a perpetradores: movimientos y relaciones del conflicto armado colombiano y la práctica de identificación e investigación forense en el caso de los Falsos Positivos
Authors: Olarte-Sierra María Fernanda , Castro Bermúdez Jaime Enrique
Published: October 2021

En este texto abordamos cómo las prácticas forenses de investigación e identificación participan en la producción de ciertos tipos de víctimas y de perpetrador en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano. Argumentamos que la identificación forense, como cualquier otra práctica, produce aquello que estudia. Acá nos referimos al caso conocido como los “falsos positivos”: jóvenes civiles, sin nexos con grupos guerrilleros, que fueron engañados con falsas promesas de trabajo para luego ser encontrados muertos y presentados como bajas guerrilleras en combate. En cuanto a los perpetradores, fueron miembros de las Fuerzas Militares quienes realizaron las ejecuciones extrajudiciales de población civil con el fin de transmitir la idea de que la guerra contra el terrorismo se estaba ganando. Nuestro trabajo aborda el quehacer de expertos forenses de la Fiscalía General de la Nación de Colombia y nos basamos en datos recopilados a través de una combinación de conversaciones (auto)etnográficas y reflexivas sostenidas por los autores, entrevistas con cuatro peritos forenses de la Fiscalía e investigación de archivo. Esta manera de acercarse a la producción de conocimiento forense hace posible que podamos entender a estos expertos como actores activos (y no simples testigos) del conflicto armado, en la medida en que participan de la producción tanto de las víctimas como de los perpetradores.
El viaje a la crisis de la identidad industrial
Authors: Gurrutxaga Abad Ander
Published: October 2021

El punto de observación es la Margen Izquierda del Nervión, zona fabril, hecha de industria siderúrgica, minas y construcción naval. El hierro y los barcos construyen la identidad industrial. Se crea la comunidad que se alimenta de cultura obrero industrial, encuentros sociales en el tajo y de la convivencia en la ciudad, el barrio y los vecindarios. El paisaje urbano diseña entornos densos, la vida social se compone de relaciones de fábrica. La crisis industrial quiebra los entornos fabriles, el hierro y los barcos se transforman en historia. La vida en el tajo se sustituye por nostalgia y melancolía. La desindustrialización quiebra las formas de vida y la ruptura se traslada a la conexión generacional. El futuro es el lento peregrinaje hacia destinos inciertos. La Margen Izquierda busca, el nombre sigue pero los contenidos son otros.
Volumetric Rectal Perception Testing: Is It Clinically Relevant? Results From a Large Patient Cohort
Authors: Mazor Yoav , Trieu Rose Qizhengyan , Prott Gillian , Jones Michael , Ejova Anastasia , Kellow John , Malcolm Allison
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Rectal perception testing is a recommended component of anorectal physiology testing. Although recent consensus (London) guidelines suggested criteria for categorizing hyporectal and hyper-rectal sensitivity, these were based on scant evidence. Moreover, data regarding diagnostic capabilities and clinical utility of rectal perception testing are lacking. The aims of this study were to determine the association between rectal perception testing and both clinical and physiological variables to enhance the analysis and interpretation of real-life test results.

METHODS:

Prospectively documented data from 1,618 (92% female) patients referred for anorectal physiology testing were analyzed for 3 rectal perception thresholds (first, urge, and maximal tolerated). Normal values derived from healthy female subjects were used to categorize each threshold into hyposensitive and hypersensitive to examine the clinical relevance of this categorization.

RESULTS:

There was poor to moderate agreement between the 3 thresholds. Older age, male sex, and constipation were associated with higher perception thresholds, whereas irritable bowel syndrome, fecal incontinence, connective tissue disease, and pelvic radiation were associated with lower perception thresholds to some, but not all, thresholds (P < 0.01 on multivariate analysis for all). The clinical utility and limitations of categorizing thresholds into “hypersensitivity” and “hyposensitivity” were determined.

DISCUSSION:

Commonly practiced rectal perception testing is correlated with several disease states and thus has clinical relevance. However, most disease states were correlated with 2 or even only 1 abnormal threshold, and agreement between thresholds was limited. This may suggest each threshold measures different pathophysiological pathways. We suggest all 3 thresholds be measured and reported separately in routine clinical testing.
Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy to Curatively Treat Primary Leiomyosarcoma at the Ileocecal Valve
Authors: Wong Gordon S. , Yudina Svetlana V. , Reyes Maria Cecilia D.
Published: October 2021

Primary leiomyosarcomas of the colon (PLC) are rare tumors, representing 0.12% of all colon malignancies. We report a 59-year-old man with weight loss, mild anemia, and rectal bleeding. Colonoscopy revealed a 3.2 × 2.6-cm mass at the ileocecal valve. Histopathological examination of the biopsy showed a spindle cell neoplasm that stained positive for smooth muscle actin, caldesmon, and desmin. A diagnosis of PLC was made. Subsequently, a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed, and no local recurrence was noted 6 months after the resection. Given the rarity of PLC, more studies on the clinical features and treatments of this tumor are warranted.
Global Burden and Trends in Incidence, Mortality, and Disability of Stomach Cancer From 1990 to 2017
Authors: Qin Yuheng , Tong Xin , Fan Jiahui , Liu Zhenqiu , Zhao Renjia , Zhang Tiejun , Suo Chen , Chen Xingdong , Zhao Genming
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Stomach cancer is a serious global public health problem. The current burden of stomach cancer and its trends across time and location need to be understood to develop effective preventive strategies.

METHODS:

Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study. The burden of stomach cancer and variations in time and geographical regions were assessed according to the age-standardized rate and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of the incidence and mortality rate between 1991 and 2017. We also investigated the associations between the relevant rates and sociodemographic index (SDI).

RESULTS:

Overall, the age-standardized incidence rate (EAPC = −1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.47 to −1.25), age-standardized mortality rate (EAPC = −2.2, 95% CI: −2.29 to −2.12), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (EAPC = −2.52, 95% CI: −2.63 to −2.43) decreased worldwide from 1990 to 2017. This trend varied across different countries and regions and according to sex and age. SDI had a significant negative correlation with the age-standardized mortality rate (P < 0.01, r = −0.28) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (P < 0.01, r = −0.31). Similar negative correlations were observed between SDI and the EAPC.

DISCUSSION:

The observed correlation between SDI and disease burden suggests that strategically implementing the screening and eradication of Helicobacter pylori, improving the medical level in countries with low SDI, and promoting the implementation of tobacco cessation policies would help reduce the disease burden of stomach cancer.
Labels for Eternity: Testing Printed Labels for use in Wet Collections
Authors: Beiner G.G.
Published: October 2021

Will printed labels survive prolonged immersion in collection fluids, and, if so, which printing system is preferable: inkjet, laser, or thermal transfer printing? In a world with a wide variety of printers, printing substrates, and printer technologies, the interactions between them very likely affect long-term label preservation in the chemical environment of the preservation fluid. In fluid-preserved collections, the main issues frequently encountered with labels include delamination, abrasion, fading, and disintegration during immersion in solutions such as ethanol and formaldehyde aqueous solution (widely known under the commercial name formalin). Very few publications have presented testing procedures assessing the behavior and stability of printed matter immersed in the types of solvents used in fluid-based collections. This article presents a series of experiments set up at the National Natural History Collections at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem to test a variety of museum labels. The tests compared labels actually used in different natural history collections and included labels from both thermal transfer and inkjet printers. All were subjected to accelerated aging and mechanical abrasion. In our series of tests, inkjet labels gave the best performance.
Gambaran Fisiologis Kadar Kolesistokinin Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Umur 1 Bulan
Authors: Hana Amelia , Airin Claude Mona
Published: October 2021

Peran fisiologis kolesistokinin (CCK) adalah pengendalian fungsi gastrointestinal. Kolesistokinin akan disekresikan oleh sel endokrin usus sebagai respons terhadap makan yang kekurangan atau kelebihan lipid dan protein. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran fisiologis kadar kolesistokinin tikus Wistar umur 1 bulan. Dua puluh ekor tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) jantan, umur 1 bulan, diadaptasikan selama 7 hari dalam kandang individu dengan pakan AD II dan minum air ad libitum. Kemudian dilakukan penimbangan berat badan dan pengambilan darah lewat vena orbitalis untuk pengukuran kadar CCK plasma, kadar glukosa darah, dan kadar kolesterol darah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berat badan rata-rata tikus adalah 54,6+3,36 gram, kadar kolesistokinin 259,61+104,60 pg/mL, kadar glukosa darah 125,35+20,36 mg/dL dan kadar kolesterol 74,5+14,73 mg/dL. Setelah dianalisis korelasi disimpulkan bahwa pada tikus jantan normal umur 1 bulan kadar CCK plasma tidak berkorelasi dengan kadar glukosa darah dan kadar kolesterol darah.
Pengaruh Masa Inkubasi Pupuk dari Air Cucian Beras Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Wijiyanti Pipit , Hastuti Endah Dwi , Haryanti Sri
Published: October 2021

Air cucian beras mengandung protein glutelin dan vitamin B1 yang berpotensi sebagai pupuk organik. Masa inkubasi adalah proses dekomposisi senyawa-senyawa kompleks pada air cucian beras menjadi senyawa sederhana yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh masa inkubasi pupuk dari air cucian beras terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman sawi hijau (Brassica juncea L.). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2018 s/d. bulan April 2018 di Laboratorium Biologi Struktur dan Fungsi Tumbuhan, Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan masa inkubasi yang terdiri dari, P0: tanpa masa inkubasi, P1: masa inkubasi 5 hari, P2: masa inkubasi 10 hari, P3: masa inkubasi 15 hari, P4: masa inkubasi 20 hari. Pada penelitian ini parameter yang diamati antara lain, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot basah tanaman, bobot kering tanaman, jumlah klorofil total dan karotenoid. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masa inkubasi air cucian beras berpengaruh meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, bobot basah dan jumlah klorofil total tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot kering dan kandungan karotenoid. Kata kunci :Sawi hijau, air cucian beras, masa inkubasi
Pengaruh Pencucian, Pembungkusan dan Penyimpanan suhu rendah Terhadap Kualitas Telur Ayam Ras (Gallus L.)
Authors: Djaelani Muhammad Anwar , Novika Zuni , Azizah Nur
Published: October 2021

Telur merupakan salah satu sumber protein hewani  bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Telur mengandung bahan organik yang mudah rusak. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan rusaknya telur adalah lama waktu penyimpanan. Kualitas telur perlu dipertahankan agar kandungan bahan kimia yang terdapat pada telur dapat dipertahankan kesegarannya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas telur ayam setelah pencucian,pembungkusan dan penyimpanan. Variabel kualitas telur yang diamati meliputi nilai Haugh Unit, Indeks Kuning Telur, Nilai susut berat dan pH telur. Telur ayam yang digunakan sebanyak 60 butir dibagi menjadi 8 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok I telur ayam tanpa dicuci disimpan pada suhu 310 C, Kelompok II telur ayam tanpa dicuci dibungkus plastik wrap disimpan pada suhu 310 C, Kelompok III telur ayam dicuci disimpan pada suhu 310 C,  Kelompok IV telur ayam dicuci dibungkus plastik wrap kemudian disimpan pada suhu 310 C. Setiap kelompok perlakuan terdiri 5 ulangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 kelompok perlakuan dan 3 kelompok waktu pengamatan. Pada hari ke 3 setelah telur dikeluarkan dari induk ayam  dilakukan pencucian, pembungkusan telur dan penyimpanan. Pengamatan dilakukan pada hari 10, 17 dan 24. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dan uji lanjut BNT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pencucian mempercepat penurunan kualitas telur, pembungkusan dapat mempertahankan kualitas telur. Semua variabel penelitian menunjukkan penurunan seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu penyimpanan Kata kunci: haugh unit, indek kuning telur, susut berat
Kadar Lemak, Indeks Kuning Telur, dan Susut Bobot Telur Itik setelah Pencucian Air dan Perendaman Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava)
Authors: Dayurani Rahita , Mardiati Siti Muflichatun , Djaelani Muhammad Anwar
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini menganalisis  pengaruh  pencucian  dan  perendaman ekstrak daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava) terhadap kadar lemak  telur,  indeks  kuning  telur  (IKT) dan susut bobot telur itik setelah disimpan pada suhu ruang dengan  lama  penyimpanan  berbeda Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan  acak lengkap. Digunakan telur sebanyak  45  butir yang diambil pada satu hari setelah diovulasikan. Telur  dibagi  dalam  9 perlakuan dan  5  kali  ulangan.  Kontrol, Telur  dicuci,  direndam  ekstrak daun jambu biji, disimpan 14 hari, Telur dicuci, direndam ekstrak daun jambu biji, disimpan  28  hari. Telur  dicuci,  disimpan  14  hari, Telur  dicuci,  disimpan  28  hari. Telur direndam ekstrak daun jambu biji,  disimpan  14  hari. Telur  direndam  ekstrak daun jambu biji, disimpan 28  hari. Telur  disimpan  14  hari.  dan  Telur  disimpan  28 hari.. Variabel pada  penelitian  ini  adalah  kadar  lemak,  IKT  dan  susut  bobot. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA Simpulan i penelitian ini  perendaman telur dalam  ekstrak  daun  jambu  biji  dengan kadar tanin 3,9% tidak efektif mempertahankan  kualitas  telur yang disimpan lebih dari 14 hari. Kata kunci: disimpan, suhu, tanin
Pengaruh Perlakuan Organomatrixpriming Terhadap Peningkatan Mutu Fisiologis Benih Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Ratnaningtyas Fatma Rosita , Pudjihartati Endang
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh organomatrixpriming dalam memperbaiki mutu fisiologis benih cabai. Benih yang digunakan adalah benih cabai varietas Ciko yang telah disimpan selama dua tahun dengan daya berkecambah 74,67%. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan faktor tunggal. Terdapat delapan perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Bahan organomatrixpriming yang diujikan adalah akuades, air kelapa, pupuk organik cair plus, tauge, tauge fermentasi, bonggol pisang, bonggol pisang fermentasi. Organomatrixpriming dilakukan menggunakan media zeolit selama 4 hari, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengujian perkecambahan menggunakan metode UKDdp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan pupuk organik cair plus dan bonggol pisang fermentasi dapat memperbaiki viabilitas benih cabai serta memenuhi standar daya berkecambah benih menurut Balitsa dan SNI yaitu ≥85%. Tetapi organomatrixpriming yang lain tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan viabilitas dan vigor benih. Perlakuan tauge fermentasi justru menurunkan seluruh variabel mutu fisiologis. Infeksi Aspergillus yang menyebabkan benih busuk dan tumbuh abnormal saat pengujian perkecambahan paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan tauge.  Kata kunci : benih cabai, organomatrixpriming, viabilitas, vigor
Aplikasi Suplemen dari Kayu Manis dan Pegagan untuk Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin dan Jumlah Eritrosit Puyuh (Coturnix coturnix australica)
Authors: Sunarno Sunarno , Mas'adah Siti Murni
Published: October 2021

Kulit kayu manis dan daun pegagan merupakan tanaman herbal yang kaya akan antioksidan jenis polifenol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status hematologis puyuh petelur strain Australia setelah penambahan suplemen kulit kayu manis dan daun pegagan dengan variabel kadar hemoglobin, jumlah eritrosit, dan variabel pendukung bobot tubuh. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri atas 8 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan, meliputi kontrol, pakan yang diberi suplemen tepung kulit kayu manis 5% atau 10%, suplemen tepung daun pegagan 5% atau 10%, kombinasi suplemen tepung kulit kayu manis dengan pegagan (5%:5%, 5%:10% atau 10%:5%). Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplemen tepung kulit kayu manis dan daun pegagan dalam pakan memberi pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot tubuh, kadar hemoglobin, dan jumlah eritrosit (P<0,05). Suplemen kombinasi tepung kulit kayu manis-daun pegagan dengan rasio 5%:10% memberi pengaruh terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin dan eritrosit dengan nilai lebih tinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya, yaitu sebesar 13 g/% dan 2,588,000 per mm3. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan suplemen kombinasi tepung kulit kayu manis-daun pegagan dengan rasio 5%:10% dapat meningkatkan status hematologis puyuh.  Kata kunci: kayu manis, pegagan, suplemen, antioksidan, bobot tubuh, hemoglobin, eritrosit
Sistem Reproduksi Parkit (Melopsittacus undulatus) Jantan dan Betina yang Diberi Suplemen Serbuk Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) Secara Oral
Authors: Rukmana Isfihana Dwi , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Tana Silvana
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian suplemen serbuk kunyit (Curcuma longa L.)secara oral terhadap sistem reproduksi parkit (Melopsittacus undulatus) jantan dan betina. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji T. Hewan uji yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 20 parkit umur 4 bulan yang terdiri dari 10 parkit jantan dan 10 parkit betina, masing-masing dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok 1 terdiri dari parkit jantan yang tidak diberi perlakuan (J0) dan parkit jantan yang diberi perlakuan suplemen serbuk kunyit (J1), kelompok 2 terdiri dari parkit betina yang tidak diberi perlakuan (B0) dan parkit betina yang diberi perlakuan suplemen serbuk kunyit (B1). Variabel yang diamati untuk parkit jantan adalah bobot testis dan panjang saluran reproduksi, sedangkan variabel yang diamati untuk parkit betina adalah bobot ovarium, bobot uterus, panjang saluran reproduksi dan bobot saluran reproduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa suplemen serbuk kunyit 35 mg/ekor/hariyang diberikan secara oral pada parkit jantan dapat meningkatkan bobot testis, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap panjang saluran reproduksi parkit jantan dan untuk parkit betina dapat meningkatkan bobot ovarium, bobot uterus, panjang saluran reproduksi, dan bobot saluran reproduksi pada parkit betina. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian serbuk kunyit secara oral mampu memacu proses reproduksi pada parkit jantan dan parkit betina.  Kata kunci: testis, ovarium, burung paruh bengkok, kunyit
Kombinasi Azolla pinnata R. Br. dan Abu Sekam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L. Var Inpari 33) di Lahan Salin
Authors: Asifah Robi’atul , Izzati Munifatul , Prihastanti Erma
Published: October 2021

Padi (Oryza sativa L) merupakan salah satu sumber karbohidrat bagi sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia. Kebutuhan lahan yang sangat besar dimasa mendatang akan meningkatkan penggunaan lahan-lahan marginal seperti lahan salin. Upaya penanganan tanah salin dapat dilakukan melalui pemilihan tanaman toleran, pencucian garam (desalinisasi) dan reklamasi lahan salin dengan pemberian amelioran atau pembenah tanah. Penambahan Azolla pinnata R.Br. dan abu sekam dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan membantu menurunkan salinitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Azolla dan abu sekam terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L. var Inpari 33) di lahan salin dengan kombinasi yang berbeda. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 ulangan dan 6 perlakuan P0 (kontrol), P1 (100% Azolla), P2 (100% Abu Sekam ), P3 (25% Azolla+75% Abu Sekam), P4 (50% Azolla+50% Abu Sekam), P5 (75% Azolla+25% Abu Sekam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan Azolla pinnata R. dan abu sekam berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter penelitian yang meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun,  jumlah anakan, panjang akar, berat basah tanaman, berat kering tanaman, jumlah gabah permalai dan berat gabah permalai. Pemberian Azolla dan abu sekam yang optimal adalah pada perlakuan P5.    Kata kunci : Azolla pinnata R. Br., abu sekam, tanah salin, pertumbuhan dan produksi Oryza sativa L.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Nanosilika terhadap Produksi dan Kandungan Antosianin pada Padi Beras Merah
Authors: Sabatini Skolastika Dara , Budihastuti Rini , Suedy Sri Widodo Agung , Subagio Agus
Published: October 2021

Silika (Si) merupakan unsur penting yang dibutuhkan terutama pada tumbuhan kelompok Poaceae (Gramineae) dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksinya, termasuk tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.). Padi beras merah merupakan salah satu sumber pangan fungsional karena mengandung antosianin sebagai antioksidan yang sangat bermanfaat untuk kesehatan manusia. Kendala budidaya padi beras merah saat ini adalah produksi yang rendah, salah satunya disebabkan ketersediaan Silika (Si) yang terbatas dan cenderung menurun pada tanah sawah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk Nanosilika pada produksi dan kandungan antosianin padi beras merah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor yaitu konsentrasi pupuk Nanosilika yang diberikan  (P0:0ml/L, P1:2,5 ml/L, P2: 5 ml/L, P3: 7,5 ml/L, P4: 10 ml/L). Paramater yang diukur: panjang malai, jumlah gabah per malai, persentase gabah berisi, persentase gabah hampa, berat gabah per rumpun, jumlah gabah per 1g, serta kandungan antosianin. Analisis data menggunakan Analysis of Variance dilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test dengan taraf signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan Nanosilika (P1 sampai P4) berpengaruh pada peningkatan produksi dan kandungan antosianin padi beras merah. Perlakuan P4 (10ml/L) memberikan pengaruh yang tertinggi pada produksi dan kandungan antosianin tanaman padi beras merah.
Kozachyi Yar 1: An enclosed Trypillian settlement on the Southern Bug River in Kozavchyn (Ukraine)
Authors: Saile Thomas , Posselt Martin , Dębiec Maciej , Lobanova Mariia , Peresunchak Aleksander
Published: October 2021

In Kozavchyn on the Southern Bug, an Early Copper Age settlement surrounded by trenches was explored by means of field surveys and magnetic prospection. In addition to the enclosing trenches, the magnetogram revealed a palisade trench and remains of pits and burnt houses, which covered a contiguous area with archaeological findings of almost 4 ha situated on a spur with the field name “Kozachyi Yar”. The settlement belongs to the Trypillia BI local group Sabatynivka, as does the nearby site Kamyane, “Kamyane-Zavallia 1”, also surrounded by ditches, which was investigated a few years ago and dated to the last third of the 5th millennium BC. The Sabatynivka group is documented in a narrowly confined area on both sides of the Southern Bug River and may have once been a jointly acting political entity. Internal conflicts or external threats from the steppe area to the east are often considered as reasons for the enclosure of CTCC settlements. It seems conceivable, however, that the apparently once much more numerous enclosures had less of a protective than merely a delimiting character.
STEM Teachers’ Professional Development through Scientist-Teacher-Students Partnership (STSP)
Authors: Saat R. M. , Fadzil H. M. , Adli D. S. H. , Awang K.
Published: October 2021

Teachers are one of the most fundamental sources for the latest scientific information. However, many feel that teachers lack sufficient knowledge and skills to play this role, particularly in STEM, as STEM is related to more than one discipline. This study explores Scientist-Teacher-Students’ Partnership (STSP) as a professional development programme to enhance teachers’ understanding and conceptualization of the cutting-edge STEM knowledge and real-life applications of the STEM concepts. This study employed a qualitative research methodology, and it involved nine science teachers from four secondary schools and ten scientists from a university situated in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Data were collected through observations made during activities and interviews. The collected data were analyzed using constant comparative data analysis techniques. Overall, the findings suggested that the tripartite collaboration brings educational benefits to all groups. From the perspective of teachers’ professional development, it was found that the partnership: (i) enhanced the teachers’ understanding of cutting-edge STEM knowledge; (ii) elevated their confidence and enthusiasm in STEM; and (iii) provide opportunities for information exchange and support through school-university networking. This study had promoted a more significant articulation of STSP as a mechanism for professional development in STEM education.
Teaching Philosophy Statement for Physics Teachers: Let’s Think About
Authors: Sumardani D. , Dujali C. C.
Published: October 2021

The statement of teaching philosophy reflects on teachers’ growth and dedication to achieve the goal and values. Concerning philosophy, physics is the most fundamental science discipline which has profound philosophical implications. This article aims to discuss the importance of the teaching philosophy statement (TPS) for sustaining the teaching-learning process in the classroom. Moreover, it also includes the authors’ TPS in teaching physics. This academic paper employs the systematic literature review and narrative literature review to explain scholarly opinion regarding teaching philosophy among physics and natural sciences philosophers. Three educational implications have been discussed. First, educators need to realize that not every student wants to be a physicist, and teachers need to manage this problem. More often, the physics teachers also have to think about addressing students with different abilities in the classroom. Second, as the facilitator of the learning outcomes, the teachers must possess good character and value-laden attributes necessary for teaching. Finally, the researchers of this study provide the TPS for physics, “Let Us Think About,” and philosophical implications in teaching physics. The term of teaching philosophy may vary based on the expert who writes it and its application in the classroom (i.e., philosophy in science teaching, philosophy of physics, philosophy of science in teaching, teaching philosophy, teaching statement, and teaching philosophy statement). However, the teaching philosophy statement is the most common phrase since Beatty et al. explain the concept in the early 21st century. In addition, the finding indicates that TPS is important for developing teachers’ way of thinking in the classroom setting.
Face to Face Mode vs. Online Mode: A Discrepancy in Analogy-Based Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ellianawati E. , Subali B. , Khotimah S. N. , Cholila M. , Darmahastuti H.
Published: October 2021

Reasoning skill is crucial for students to translate the learning material provided by the teacher in online mode during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many teachers choose analogy-based learning to explain a concept by bringing the concept to facts that are close to students’ daily lives. Analogy-based learning that was carried out face-to-face before the pandemic improved students’ reasoning skills, and now its implementation is tested in online mode. The study aims to analyze differences in reasoning skills in each indicator area and their factors. A significant difference was obtained by involving 72 students and doing a t-test for two data groups in the two sample groups. Students’ skills to identify problems and apply concepts have increased even though it is not as good as the increase in both aspects on face-to-face mode. The other two aspects (exploring the facts and concluding) are very unsatisfactory. There is a striking discrepancy between analogy-based learning during and before the pandemic with an unchanged syntax but different situations. The reduction in each reasoning indicator ranged from 10% to 25%. Signal constraints, a less supportive learning environment, and delayed communication between teachers and students are the main factors. This study provides an overview of discrepancies that can be addressed more wisely by strengthening the function of the media to optimize teacher and students communication and learning innovations that help students’ learning difficulties during the pandemic.
The Ethnoecology of Sasak people in Mandalika, Lombok Island: Local Knowledge and Wisdom in Relation with the Land Uses
Authors: Rahayu M. , Keim A. P. , Nikmatullah M. , Rustiami H. , Susan D. , Sujarwo W.
Published: October 2021

This current study is an ethnoecological study on land use for plant diversity by the Sasak people in Mandalika, Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Interview and direct observation methods were implemented. The study areas included the villages of Kuta, Mertak, and Sengkol. The results indicated four main groups of land: Leleah (a yard or home garden), bangket (rice fields, including the bangket gora; rice fields nurtured by rainfalls), kebon (gardens, including kebon kayo or garden of woody plants and kebon elalo or garden of crops), and gawah (forests, including gawah mali or sacred forests). This study results showed that despite the stress of a constantly changing environment and various restrictions and limitations, the ethnoecological knowledge in local wisdom is still maintained well.
Immobilization-induced hypercalcemia in a patient with renal failure
Authors: Gandhi Anand , Mortensen Mike , Sunny Sonie , Techathaveewat Pawarid , Targovnik Jerome , Alsayed Mahmoud
Published: October 2021

Immobilization-induced hypercalcemia is an uncommon cause of elevated calcium which is usually diagnosed following extensive systemic workup and exclusion of more common etiologies. Previously reported cases have largely described this phenomenon in adolescents and young adults a few weeks to months after the initial onset of immobilization. Metabolic workup tends to demonstrate hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and eventual osteoporosis. While the exact mechanism remains largely unclear, a dysregulation between bone resorption and formation is central to the pathogenesis of this disease. Decreased mechanical loading from prolonged bedrest tends to increase osteoclast induced bone resorption while promoting osteocytes to secrete proteins such as sclerostin to reduce osteoblast mediated bone formation. We describe the case of an 18-year-old male who was admitted following intraabdominal trauma. He underwent extensive abdominal surgery including nephrectomy resulting in initiation of dialysis. After 6 months of hospitalization, the patient gradually began developing uptrending calcium levels. Imaging and laboratory workup were unremarkable for any PTH-mediated process, malignancy, thyroid disorder, adrenal disorder, or infection. Workup did reveal significant elevated bone turnover markers which in combination with the clinical history led the physicians to arrive at the diagnosis of immobilization induced hypercalcemia. In order to prevent decreased rates of bone loss, the patient was administered denosumab for treatment. Hypocalcemia followed treatment expectedly and was repleted with supplementation via the patient’s total parenteral nutrition.

Learning points

Immobilization-induced hypercalcemia should remain as a differential diagnosis of patients with prolonged hospitalizations with hypercalcemia.

Extensive workup of common etiologies of hypercalcemia should be considered prior to arriving at this diagnosis.

Denosumab, while off-label for this usage, offers an effective treatment option for immobilization-induced hypercalcemia though it carries a risk of hypocalcemia especially among patients with renal disease.
First-generation somatostatin ligand receptor treatment in a pregnant patient with a neuroendocrine tumor with liver metastases
Authors: Hummelshøj Nynne Emilie , Dam Gitte , Pedersen Lars Henning , Hjelholt Astrid , Villadsen Gerda Elisabeth
Published: October 2021

This rare case describes the course of a pregnancy in a patient with a disseminated small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor. The patient received treatment with first-generation somatostatin ligand receptor (SLR) every 4 weeks and had stable disease for several years before her pregnancy. First-generation SLR treatment was initially paused after detection of the pregnancy. During pregnancy, the patient experienced moderate gastro-intestinal discomfort and fatigue, which was considered predominantly pregnancy related. However, since symptoms could be linked to the patient’s cancer, treatment was resumed after the first trimester. Chromogranin-A measurements remained stable throughout pregnancy and was paralleled by the absence of diarrhea and only minor flushing. She gave birth by elective caesarean section in week 37 to a healthy baby. Subsequent follow up imaging immediately after and 10 months postpartum showed no disease progression. The safety profile of SLR treatment during pregnancy in the context of disseminated neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is discussed.

Learning points

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are rare cancers often occurring in the gastro-intestinal tract or lungs.

Many patients with NEN live for several years with disseminated disease.

SLR treatment has been given to pregnant patients before; often patients with acromegaly. Pregnancies are reported uneventful.

This patient completed an uneventful pregnancy while receiving SLR treatment for disseminated neuroendocrine disease and gave birth to a healthy baby.

More research regarding long term effects and safety signals of SLR treatment during pregnancy are much needed.