bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Update on Management of Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy without Diabetic Macular Edema; Is There a Paradigm Shift?
Authors: Arabi Amir , Tadayoni Ramin , Ahmadieh Hamid , Shahraki Toktam , Nikkhah Homayoun
Published: March 2022

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major cause of visual impairment and blindness in the working-age population. Conventional management for nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) without diabetic macular edema (DME) is derived from the findings of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). Although the ETDRS protocol basically includes observation, selected cases of severe NPDR may undergo scatter laser photocoagulation. Post-hoc analysis of recent trials has shown that patients with NPDR receiving intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) for DME would experience improvement in the DR severity scale (DRSS). In addition, recent randomized trials (PANORAMA and Protocol W) have revealed that early intervention with intravitreal aflibercept in eyes with moderately severe to severe NPDR is associated with significant improvement in DRSS and reduced vision-threatening complications of DR. Based on recent studies, it seems that the therapeutic approach to NPDR may undergo a substantial change and a paradigm shift toward considering early intervention with the administration of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. However, the long-term results and the duration of adherence to anti-VEGF therapy for eyes with NPDR are not yet defined. It is also not apparent whether improvement in DRSS is a true disease modification. Studies showed that DRSS improvement is not associated with retinal reperfusion. In addition, DRCR.net Protocol W showed no visual acuity benefit with the early intravitreal aflibercept injection in moderate to severe NPDR as compared with performing observation plus intravitreal aflibercept applied only after progression to proliferative DR or vision-impairing DME. The cost–benefit ratio is also a challenge. Herein, we look at different aspects of early anti-VEGF application and discuss its pros and cons in the process of treating NPDR.
Orbital Inflammation Caused by Aminobisphosphonates
Authors: Gonzalez Barlatay J , Pagano Boza C , Hernandez Gauna GV , Premoli JE
Published: March 2022

The aim of this review was to describe orbital inflammation secondary to aminobisphosphonates by analyzing demographic data, clinical presentation, and treatment of the disease. This is a narrative literature review. The search was performed using databases such as Ovid/MEDLINE and COCHRANE. The searches were limited to papers in the English language. We found 43 cases of orbital inflammation due to aminobisphosphonates. Zoledronate was the drug most associated with orbital side effects. Clinical presentation was evident by unilateral involvement (89%), palpebral edema (88%), conjunctival congestion (81%), chemosis (79%), ocular pain (77%), ocular motility impairment (65%), proptosis (56%), and blurred vision (39%). It can affect both eyes (11%) and is accompanied by anterior uveitis (23%). Orbital inflammation secondary to aminobisphosphonates is a severe side effect. Clinically, it cannot be distinguished from idiopathic inflammation of the orbit. Therefore, it is important to rule out previous drug exposure. Timely treatment is vital to expect a favorable outcome, with systemic corticosteroids being the treatment of choice.
Treatment of Choroidal Metastasis from Epidermal Growth Factor Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with First-line Osimertinib Therapy
Authors: Vu Anderson N. , Mehta Urmi V. , Israelsen Paul , Ignatius Ou Sai-Hong , Browne Andrew W.
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To illustrate the regression of a metastatic lesion through ophthalmic imaging and correlating findings with standard chest imaging and treatment with osimertinib, an oral chemotherapy agent specific to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor + Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (EGFR+ NSCLC).
Case Report: A 63-year-old Asian male presented to ophthalmology with a complaint of left blurry vision. Initial ophthalmic exam revealed a choroidal lesion and imaging results highlighted a spiculated lung mass with brain and bony metastases. Osimertinib was chosen for its specificity and ability to cross the blood–brain barrier. Follow-up ophthalmic and radiographic imaging were repeated over the course of treatment.
Conclusion: After the initiation of osimertinib, ophthalmic and computed tomography imaging highlighted the regression of the ocular metastatic disease and primary malignancy, respectively. Osimertinib is an effective first-line treatment of EGFR+ NSCLC and corresponding metastatic sites. Additionally, ophthalmic imaging can be used to monitor general response to chemotherapy agents when ocular metastasis is identified.
Coats’-like Response Associated with Linear Scleroderma
Authors: Behboudi Hassan , Zayeni Habib , Haji-Abbasi Asghar , Azaripour Ebrahim , Alizadeh Yousef , Soltani-Moghadam Reza
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To present a case of linear scleroderma known as “en coup de sabre” associated with Coats’- like response.
Case Report: A 12-year-old boy presented with subacute painless vision loss in the ipsilateral side of the patient’s en coup de sabre lesion. Ocular examination revealed vitreous hemorrhage with severe exudation of the posterior pole and telangiectatic vessels. Fundus fluorescein angiography indicated multiple vascular beadings and fusiform aneurysms with leakage which was consistent with a Coats’-like response. The patient was subsequently treated with intravitreal bevacizumab and targeted retinal photocoagulation. Twelve months’ follow-up showed marked resolution of macular exudation with significant visual improvement.
Conclusion: Physicians should be aware of the possible ophthalmic disorders accompanying en coup de sabre and careful ophthalmologic examinations should be performed in these patients. As presented in the current case, treatment with intravitreal anti-VEGF agents and laser photocoagulation may be a beneficial option for patients with coats’-like response.
Tubercular Osteomyelitis of the Orbit Presenting as Periorbital Cellulitis
Authors: Bhattacharya Shruti , Raina Usha K , Gupta Shantanu K , Mishra Manisha , Saini Varun , Kumar Brajesh
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Osteomyelitis of the orbital bones presenting as an orbital cellulitis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We report a rare case of tubercular osteomyelitis of the orbital bones presenting as a periorbital cellulitis.
Case Report: A seven-year-old female child presented to our tertiary eye care center with swelling involving the right eyelids and the right cheek for two months. She had been provisionally diagnosed elsewhere as pre-septal cellulitis and had been given oral antibiotics. We clinically diagnosed her as orbital cellulitis, but her non-responsiveness to intravenous antibiotics prompted us to get a contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the orbit and paranasal sinuses, which was suggestive of tubercular etiology. However, the patient had no foci for TB elsewhere. We used a relatively new, but rapid test, called Cartridge-based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) on the pus aspirate which was positive for TB. Thereafter, the patient was started on anti-tubercular treatment to which she responded wonderfully.
Conclusion: A high index of suspicion should be kept for TB infection in cases of orbital cellulitis with unusual clinical behavior in an endemic region such as India.
Iatrogenic PVD Following Dilated Fundus Examination: A New Diagnosis or Fluke?
Authors: Commiskey Patrick W , Kalra Gagan , Chhablani Jay
Published: March 2022

This article is a Photo Essay. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Pigmentary Retinopathy and Chronic Subretinal Fluid Associated with Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum and Angioid Streaks
Authors: Starr Matthew R. , Bakri Sophie J.
Published: March 2022

This article is a Photo Essay. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Erratum to: Side Effects of Brolucizumab
Authors: Motevasseli Tahmineh , Mohammadi Saeed , Abdi Fatemeh , Freeman William R.
Published: March 2022

This article is an Erratum to: “Side Effects of Brolucizumab” [J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2021 Oct-Dec;16(4):670–675]. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Bagian Depan: Tim Penyunting, Pedoman Transliterasi, dan Daftar Isi
Authors: Hajaroh Siti
Published: March 2022

Tim Penyunting, Pedoman Transliterasi, dan Daftar Isi
LSTM Network Classification of Dexterous Individual Finger Movements
Authors: Millar Christopher ,   Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Ulster University Northland Road, Derry, County Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK, Siddique Nazmul , Kerr Emmett
Published: March 2022

Electrical activity is generated in the forearm muscles during muscular contractions that control dexterous movements of a human finger and thumb. Using this electrical activity as an input to train a neural network for the purposes of classifying finger movements is not straightforward. Low cost wearable sensors i.e., a Myo Gesture control armband (www.bynorth.com), generally have a lower sampling rate when compared with medical grade EMG detection systems e.g., 200 Hz vs 2000 Hz. Using sensors such as the Myo coupled with the lower amplitude generated by individual finger movements makes it difficult to achieve high classification accuracy. Low sampling rate makes it challenging to distinguish between large quantities of subtle finger movements when using a single network. This research uses two networks which enables for the reduction in the number of movements in each network that are being classified; in turn improving the classification. This is achieved by developing and training LSTM networks that focus on the extension and flexion signals of the fingers and a separate network that is trained using thumb movement signal data. By following this method, this research have increased classification of the individual finger movements to between 90 and 100%.
Enhancement of the Individual Selectness Using Local Spatial Weighting for Immune Cells
Authors: Kusunose Shoya , Shinomiya Yuki , Ushiwaka Takashi , Maeda Nagamasa , Hoshino Yukinobu ,   Kochi Unversity of Technology 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan,   Kagoshima University 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan,   Kochi Medical School Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
Published: March 2022

This paper focuses on the analysis of the activity of immune cells for supporting medical workers. Recognition frequency space selects a region including neighboring multiple cells as a single cell is one of the major issues in activity analysis of immune cells. This study focuses on the locality of immune cell features and uses a high-velocity weighting method for the analysis while the Gaussian distribution is used in the literature. The analysis was conducted for a few well-known methods such as final feature maps, class activation mapping (CAM), gradient weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), Grad-CAM++, and Eigen-CAM. The results show that the densely inhabited immune cells are correctly selected by CAM, Grad-CAM, Grad-CAM++, and Eigen-CAM. These algorithms also show stability with respect to the threshold used to select tracking targets. In addition, the higher threshold makes the selection robust, and the lower one is useful for analyzing tends of multiple cells in a whole frame efficiently.
Individual Differences in Cut-Out Areas of Oral Images in Oral Mucosal Disease Diagnosis Support System
Authors: Ozaki Nanto , Ohtani Taishi , Habu Manabu , Tominaga Kazuhiro , Horio Keiichi ,   National Institute of Technology, Oshima College 1091-1 Oaza-Komatsu, Suo-Oshima-cho, Oshima-gun, Yamaguchi 742-2193, Japan,   Kyushu Dental University 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakitaku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan,   School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803-0135, Japan
Published: March 2022

Oral mucosal disease is likely to cause various disorders after treatment to occur in a domain called the oral cavity. Therefore, we are developing a diagnostic support system for early screening of oral mucosal disease. There is a problem of individual differences in the cut-out of the disease area from the original intraoral image in system development. In this study, we analyzed the relationships between cutout areas, extracted features and classification rates and investigated the relationship between individual differences. Therefore, we focused on how to eliminate the subjects. Group classification was then performed and identification was performed using an oral mucosal diagnosis support system with ensemble learning. The experimental results revealed relationships between the excision range, identification rate, and feature value.
Prediction of Continuous Blood Pressure Using Multiple Gated Recurrent Unit Embedded in SENet
Authors: Chen Xiaolei , Chang Hao , Cao Baoning , Lu Yubing , Lin Dongmei ,   College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology No.287 Langongping Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou 730050, China,   Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Control for Industrial Processes, Lanzhou University of Technology No.287 Langongping Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou 730050, China,   National Demonstration Center for Experimental Electrical and Control Engineering Education, Lanzhou University of Technology No.287 Langongping Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou 730050, China
Published: March 2022

In order to accurately predict blood pressure waveform from pulse waveform, a multiple gated recurrent unit (GRU) model embedded in squeeze-and-excitation network (SENet) is proposed for continuous blood pressure prediction. Firstly, the features of the pulse are extracted from multiple GRU channels. Then, the SENet module is embedded to learn the interdependence among the channels, so as to get the weight of each channel. Finally, the weights were added to each channel and the predicted continuous blood pressure values were obtained by integrating the two linear layers. The experimental results show that the embedded SENet can effectively enhance the predictive ability of multi-GRU structure and obtain good continuous blood pressure waveform. Compared with the LSTM and GRU model without SENet, the MSE errors of the proposed method are reduced by 29.3% and 25.0% respectively, the training time of the proposed method are decreased by 69.8% and 68.7%, the test time is reduced by 65.9% and 25.2% and it has the fewest model parameters.
Using some Natural Minerals to Remove Cadmium from Polluted Water
Authors: Wahba Monier M. , Hashesh Wafaa M. , Abou-Baker Nesreen H.
Published: March 2022

Water scarcity is one of the most important problems facing humanity in various fields such as economics, industry, agriculture, and tourism. This may push people to use low-quality water like industrial-wastewater. The application of some chemical compounds to get rid of heavy metals such as cadmium is an environmentally harmful approach. It is well-known that heavy metals as cadmium may induce harmful problems when present in water and invade to soil, plants and food chain of a human being. In this case, man will be forced to use the low quality water in irrigation. Application of natural materials instead of chemicals to remove cadmium from polluted water is an environmental friendly approach. Attention was drawn in this research work to use some natural minerals as zeolite, bentonite and montmorillonite to adsorb cadmium element from polluted water. Various concentrations of cadmium in solutions 10, 30 and 50 ppm were treated with three different ratios of each mineral; 1, 3 and 5% (W/V). The obtained results proved that increasing the ratio of amendments to 5% increased Cd adsorption from solution particularly at 50ppm Cd. Zeolite obtained the highest ratio of adsorption (47.90 ppm), followed by montmorillonite (44.99 ppm) and the lowest was bentonite (38.97 ppm). Therefore, it can be recommended that addition of zeolite is the most favorable material to remove Cd element from polluted water.
Genotypes Diversity and Virulence Factor screening of Trichomonas vaginalis Isolated from Pregnant Women in Mosul (North of Iraq)
Authors: Al-Rubaye Fouad S. I. , Alkhashab Firas M. B.
Published: March 2022

Trichomonas vaginalis is a causative agent of trichomoniasis , one of the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease (STD) over all the world, especially in immunocompromised women such as pregnant. Wet smear and Giemsa stain are the current methods used in hospital to diagnosis trichomoniasis. DNA based diagnosis is still to be validated to diagnose the local isolates, the objective of the present study was to compare the conventional methods of disease diagnosis with the DNA-based method to diagnose Trichomonas incidence in local isolates. In the present study, 105 samples were collected from outpatient women (18-45 years) of Maternity hospital in Mosul who showed a classical presentation of Trichomonas infection including foul-smelling vaginal discharge with a pH exceeding 4.5. Samples underwent microscopic examination and nucleic acid detection of AP65-1 gene, the wet smear test showed that 16.18%  of the collected specimen were positive while the parasite appeared only in 8.9% of the samples stained with Giemsa dye, the molecular screening for AP65-1gene that encodes for the surface attachment protein showed high sensitivity level of 100 at 50 specificity level in compare with other routine methods, the algorithm was evaluated according to specificity, sensitivity, and predictive values. Random Amplification Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was achieved to estimate genetic indices among isolated strains. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using PAST (Paleontological statistics software) and dendrogram with neighboring clusters was constructed. According to the outcomes of research, we recommended to utilize a probiotic vaccines and molecular silencing vaccine (like miRNA sense and antisense oligonucleotides) as a treatment in.
Preparation-and Spectroscopic Characterization of Transition Metal Complexes with Schiff base 2-[1-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethylimino) methyl]naphthalene-1-ol
Authors: Al-Daffaay Rasha KhiderHussain
Published: March 2022

The ligand 2-[1-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethylimino) methyl]naphthalene-1-ol, derived from 1-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde and 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethylamine, was used to produce a new sequence of metal ions complexes. Thus ligand reactions with NiCl2.6H2O, PdCl2, FeCl3.6H2O and H2PtCl6.6H2O were sequentially made to collect mono-nuclear Ni(II), Pd(II), Fe (III), and Pt(IV). (IR or FTIR), Ultraviolet Reflective (UV–visible), Mass Spectra analysis, Bohr-magnetic (B.M.), metal content, chloride content and molar conductivity have been the defining features of the composites. The Fe(III) and Pt(IV) complexes have octahedral geometries, while the Ni(II) complex has tetrahedral geometry and the Pd (II) complex has square planer geometry, according to these findings.
Assessment of surface water quality using statistical analysis methods: Orontes River (Case study)
Authors: Khouri Lina , Al-Mufti Muhammad Bashar
Published: March 2022

The study investigates the water quality of the Orontes River, which is considered one of the important water recourses in Syria, as it is used for drinking, irrigation, swimming and industrial needs. A database of 660 measurements for 13 parameters concentrations used, were taken from 11 monitoring points distributed along the Orontes River for a period of five years from 2015-2019, and to study the correlation between parameters and their impact on water quality, statistical analysis was applied using (SPSS) program. Cluster analysis was applied in order to classify the pollution areas along the river, and two groups were given: (low pollution - high pollution), where the areas were classified according to the sources of pollution to which they are exposed. This indicates the importance of cluster analysis in studying movement of the pollutants and reducing the number of sampling points. Factor analysis gave 5 main factors responsible for explaining 92.86% of the total variance, with 78.2% measurement quality, it includes 7 basic parameters: (EC, TUR, NO3, Na, pH, NH4, COD). This study showed the ability of factor analysis in determining the most important parameters that effect on the water quality, which helps in reducing the number of parameters needed for sampling.
The Immunohistochemically Estimation of CD63 in Iraqi Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Mwafaq Raghad Khalid , Abbas Amal Khudair , Abdullah Leith Abdul Hussein , Abdul Ghafour Kifah Hamdan
Published: March 2022

CD63 is -one of the tetraspanin family proteins, which are regarded as: hallmark exosomal markers because it is absent from other types of vesicles. It is expressed in the cell membrane of cancer cells, and cytoplasm of stromal cells. Objective: To assess CD63 expression in gastric cancer (GC) patients, and detected if it could be used as a predictive marker. Furthermore, the current study aimed to find the correlation between CD63 expression and clinicopathological parameters as: gender, age, invasion depth, histopathological type, involvement of lymph nodes, grade and stages of GC (TNM). The current study is a retrospective study in the period time from (2018 to-2020); 50 randomly patients formalin-fixed paraffin embedded blocks (FFPE) of stomach tissue (10 cases normal tissue without GC as control, and 40 patients with GC) with its reports and diagnosis were collected from Pathology Department of the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital and some private hospitals. The histological sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) stain for CD63. Statistical analysis accomplished by SPSS system at (P ≤ 0.05). This study indicated that there were  significant differences between control group, and patients group in the expression of CD63, also there was a significant correlation between CD63 expression, and histopathological subtype, invasion depth, involvement of lymph node, and stages in patients, whereas there was a non- significant association between the age, grade, and gender of patients, and the expression of CD63.This result indicates that CD63 could be a good prospective marker in Iraqi cancer patients.
A Crime Data Analysis of Prediction Based on Classification Approaches
Authors: Hussain Fatima Shaker , Aljuboori Abbas Fadhil
Published: March 2022

Crime is considered as an unlawful activity of all kinds and it is punished by law. Crimes have an impact on a society's quality of life and economic development. With a large rise in crime globally, there is a necessity to analyze crime data to bring down the rate of crime. This encourages the police and people to occupy the required measures and more effectively restricting the crimes. The purpose of this research is to develop predictive models that can aid in crime pattern analysis and thus support the Boston department's crime prevention efforts. The geographical location factor has been adopted in our model, and this is due to its being an influential factor in several situations, whether it is traveling to a specific area or living in it to assist people in recognizing between a secured and an unsecured environment.  Geo-location, combined with new approaches and techniques, can be extremely useful in crime investigation. The aim is focused on comparative study between three supervised learning algorithms. Where learning used data sets to train and test it to get desired results on them. Various machine learning algorithms on the dataset of Boston city crime are Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression classifiers have been used here to predict the type of crime that happens in the area. The outputs of these methods are compared to each other to find the one model best fits this type of data with the best performance. From the results obtained, the Decision Tree demonstrated the highest result compared to Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression.
Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems to Study the Change Detection in Temperature and Surface Area of Hamrin Lake
Authors: Khalaf Ahmed Bahjat
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted on Lake Hamrin situated in Diyala governorate, focal Iraq, between latitudes 44º 53ʹ 26.16 '- 45º 07 ʹ 28.03ʺ and 34º 04ʹ 24.75ʺ ــ 34º 19ʹ 12.74ʺ . As in this study, the surface area of Hamrin Lake was calculated from satellite images during the period from October 2019 to September 2020, with an average satellite image for each month, furthermore,by utilizing the Normalized Differences Water Index (NDWI), the largest surface area was 264,617 km2 for October and the lowest surface area 140.202 km2 for September. The surface temperature of the lake water was also calculated from satellite images of the Landsat 8 satellite, based on bands 10 (Thermal Infrared 1) and 11 (Thermal Infrared 2) that are sensitive to thermal radiation, as the highest surface temperature reached in June 45.49°C degrees Celsius due to the high temperatures for this month and the lowest in February 3.09°C degrees Celsius, which is one of the months in which temperatures drop to the lowest level. The utilization of remote sensing and GIS innovations has helped a lot in checking changes, whether in surface area or temperature, which saves effort, time and cost. The results of this study put decision makers in taking the necessary precautions for the seasons of water scarcity and drought to meet the community’s water needs in the areas of multiple human consumptions and at the same time take advantage of rainy seasons and water abundance to develop long-term strategic plans to maintain a sustainable water balance.
Design of a Simple Dust Removal System for a Solar Street Light System
Authors: Mahmood Yaseen H. , Majeed Muataz A.
Published: March 2022

Dust and bird residue are problems impeding the operation of solar street lighting systems, especially in semi-desert areas, such as Iraq. The system in this paper was designed and developed locally using simple and inexpensive materials. The system runs automatically. It Connects to solar panels used in solar street lighting, and gets the required electricity from the same solar system. Solar panels are washed with dripping water in less than half a minute by this system. The cleaning period can also be controlled. It can also control, sensing the amount of dust the system operates. The impact of different types of falling dust on panels has also been studied. This was collected from different winds and studied their impact on solar panel performance. Also it studied permeability with the wavelength of three types of soil. The system has relatively low current and voltage consumption; it can be generalized for easy manufacturing and locally available components and is well effective.
Research on Macro-Micro Failure Mechanism of Interbedded Sandstone in the Deep of Lannigou Gold Mine
Authors: Zheng Lulin , He Hengyi , Zuo Yujun , Liu Hao , Liu Xiaorong , Qiu Qing
Published: March 2022

The surrounding rock of the Lannigou gold mine roadway is mainly sandstone, most of which contains thin interlayers of argillaceous and carbonaceous minerals. To explore the deformation and failure mechanism of interbedded sandstones under static load caused by surrounding rock stress, the macroscopic failure modes, macroscopic physical properties, and microscopic fracture surface characteristics of sandstones were studied from different inclination angles. Triaxial compression tests and scanning electron microscopy tests were conducted. The results show that the peak strength of the specimen changes in a “spoon”-shaped pattern with increasing inclination. With increasing confining pressure, the peak strength, peak strain, residual strength, and elastic modulus of specimens increase, which damages interlayers. The macroscopic failure mode is mainly affected by the interlayer without confining pressure, and both tensile-shear failure (0° and 90°) and composite failure (30° and 60°) occur. Under higher confining pressure, the effect of the interlayer is smaller, and the specimen shows shear-tensile failure (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°). Furthermore, the propagation mode of microcracks and the microscopic failure mode of mineral crystals differ for different macroscopic failure modes. In this study, the microscopic mechanism of macroscopic failure of interbedded sandstone was identified, which is significant for practical engineering guidance.
Células madre adiposas de perros con enfermedad clínica de distemper están infectadas por el Morbillivirus canino
Authors:   , Altamirano Samaniego Mabel Fabiola
Published: March 2022

La medicina regenerativa en caninos empleando células madre alogénicas exige que dichas células estén libres de agentes infectocontagiosos, siendo el Morbillivirus canino (MC) responsable del distemper canino, uno de los más importantes. Además, la persistencia y latencia viral de este virus son eventos en que aún no se precisan las células de larga vida donde se hospedan estos virus. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si las células madre adiposas (CMA) de caninos con la enfermedad clínica, están infectadas por el Morbillivirus canino. Con este fin se identificaron 12 perros con diagnóstico clínico de la enfermedad del distemper canino en fase nerviosa, luego, mediante RT-PCR se detectó el MC en orina y/o líquido cefalorraquídeo. Posteriormente, a partir de muestras de tejido adiposo del omento menor, en un laboratorio de células madre se aislaron y caracterizaron CMA de los perros infectados. Mediante fluorescencia directa de los cultivos se detectó presencia de antígeno viral, y por citometría de flujo y RT-PCR en 2 cultivos se identificaron cultivos con poblaciones detectables del MC. Por microscopía electrónica de transmisión se confirmó la presencia de partículas del MC dentro de CMA. Los resultados demuestran por primera vez, según nuestro conocimiento, que las CMA de omento de perros con enfermedad de distemper pueden estar infectadas por el MC, postulando su posible participación en la latencia y/o persistencia de este virus, sugiriendo que debe considerarse su detección en el control de calidad de células madre a ser usadas en medicina regenerativa.
Rethinking the Art of Tattoo: A Perspective of Indonesian Women Tattoo Community
Authors: Sihombing Lambok Hermanto
Published: March 2022

The research analyzed why women decided to get tattoos on their bodies and how Indonesian women interpreted tattoos. The tattoo was a kind of art and a symbol since centuries ago. In Indonesia, having a tattoo was no longer considered taboo as it used to be seen as something that deviated from the norm in Indonesia, especially if it was possessed by women. The tattoo was also identical with crime and thuggery, in which people who had tattoos would be respected or feared by people. However, in recent years, there has been a phenomenon in the raising of female tattoo communities where tattooed women gathered and supported each other. The research used the tattoo concept by Thompson and Feminist theory by Kristeva to analyze it. The research applied a qualitative method in which the dataset were taken from interview with three women of the Perempuan Tattoo Indonesia (PTI) community. The result of the interview is various. It shows that tattoo in Indonesian women’s perspective is not seen as only a trend, fashion, or art. However, it shows self-expression and freedom to fight women’s rights and gender quality.
On Google Translate: Students’ and Lecturers’ Perception of the English Translation of Indonesian Scholarly Articles
Authors: Winiharti Menik , Syihabuddin Syihabuddin , Sudana Dadang
Published: March 2022

The research investigated the translation results of Google Translate based on the users’ perceptions. It was aimed at describing the users’ frequency in using Google Translate web, finding the users’ perceptions on the acceptability and the readability of Google Translation in translating scholarly articles from Indonesian into English, as well as finding whether students and lecturers have the same perceptions regarding these two criteria. The data were collected from scholarly articles written in Indonesian then translated into English using Google Translate web. Then a survey regarding this translation was distributed to users; they were students and lecturers of Computer Science/Information Technology/Information System. The analysis was conducted with regard to the acceptability and the readability of the translations using a rating scale of translation assessment. The findings suggest that more than half of the participants often use Google Translate Web, which means that the academics are part of the users of Google Translate. However, students and lecturers have a rather different perception of the results of Google Translate. Students consider Google Translate quite acceptable and readable, while lecturers view Google Translate as rather acceptable and moderately readable. In addition, the findings indicate that, to some extent, Google Translate still translates the Indonesian text into English literally.
The Imperative of Request in the Sulalatus Salatin and the Archives of Banten Sultanate
Authors: Rachman Zulfikar
Published: March 2022

The research aimed to find the imperative of request in the old manuscripts, analyze its use based on the social status between the speaker and the audience, and analyze the request strategy by analyzing the sentence’s structure. The data were taken from narratives and dialogues of Banten Sultanate archives dated in 1600s to 1800s and the Sulalatus Salatin in 1800s. Therefore, the research design applied a descriptive qualitative method. The use of minta (ask), minta tolong (asking for help), mohon and pohon (beg/pray), and tolong (help) as request markers were described in graphs. The results show that minta is universal, which can be used from a speaker to an audience with lower-higher, equal, and higher-lower statuses. Minta tolong is uttered by a speaker to an audience with lower-higher and equal statuses. In the Sulalatus Salatin, mohon and pohon request markers are the most spoken to a king. Minta is universal, and tolong is uttered by a speaker with higher status to an audience with a lower status. Explanation of the situation, apologies, subject, demand, receiver, verb, reason, hope towards the audience, and attention-getter are components to construct an imperative request in the manuscripts.
Linguistic Creativity of the Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) Students at the Morphological, Syntactic, and Semantic Levels
Authors: Ningsih Rahmi Yulia , Rafli Zainal , Boeriswati Endry
Published: March 2022

The research aimed to describe the forms of linguistic creativity of BIPA students at the morphological, syntactic, and semantic levels. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with content analysis techniques. The research data were 78 sentences written by BIPA students at Bina Nusantara University academic year 2020/2021. The results show that BIPA students’ sentences have linguistic creativity in the form of the morphological, syntactic, and semantic levels sentences. At the morphological level, the process of linguistic creativity in words is carried out by (1) inserting foreign terms into sentences, (2) using non-standard words, and (3) abbreviating words. While in phrases, linguistic creativity is done by (1) reversing the structure of the phrase, (2) forming nominal phrases with less common word pairs, and (3) forming nominal phrases by incorporating elements of student culture. At the syntactic level, linguistic creativity is carried out in the form of compiling compound sentences with the expansion of descriptions, expansion of objects, expansion of subjects, and expansion of predicates. At the semantic level, linguistic creativity is manifested in the form of the figure of speech: personification, simile, hyperbole, repetition, and metaphor.
Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using AHP, GIS and RS Integration: A Case Study of Didessa Sub-Basin, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Burayu Dawit Girma
Published: March 2022

Groundwater is a precious water resource in underground rocks and major water source for drinking, industry and irrigation. Identifying the groundwater potential zones in certain areas of Ethiopia is still challenging in terms of time and cost for resolving water scarcity. Groundwater evaluations in Ethiopia are normally done based on field survey. Therefore, this study aims to use the timely and cost-effective remote sensing data and GIS techniques for the evaluation of groundwater potentials in Didessa Sub-Basin from Western Ethiopia. STRM DEM and Landsat-8 satellite image with secondary data was used for this study. Thematic layers showing distribution of slope, lithology, lineament density, drainage density, LULC, soil texture and rainfall were analyzed using weight overlay analysis and AHP algorithm to determine the groundwater potentials. The weights for each element then assigned according to their relative relevance using Saaty’s (AHP) scale. The rainfall and geomorphology showed a higher weight and lithology the lowest. About 4.6% (1289.4km2) of the study area was classified as ‘very high potential, 66% (18532.2 km2) classiﬁed as ‘high potential, 27% (7683km2) as moderate potential and 2.1% (587.5 km2) as ‘low’ groundwater potential areas. Therefore, this study demonstrates a robust method, efficient and useful technique for delineating and mapping groundwater potential zones for planning and decision-making for better groundwater management.
Yeni Gıda Endekslerinde Haftanın Günü Etkisi Var mı?
Authors: Kayral İhsan Erdem , Aksoy Levent
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de TÜRİB Arpa (TRBARP), TÜRİB Buğday (TRBBGD) ve TÜRİB Mısır (TRBMSR) endekslerinde haftanın günü etkisinin varlığını incelemektir. Bu amaçla 01.04.2021 (endekslere ait ilk işlem günü) ile 24.01.2022 arasındaki dönemde endekslerin getiri serileri kullanılmıştır. Endeks getirilerinde değişen varyans (heteroskedastisite) sorunu tespit edilmesi nedeniyle, analizler GARCH (1,1) modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, TÜRIB Arpa (TRBARP) endeksinde pazartesi ve salı günleri, TÜRIB Buğday (TRBBGD) endeksinde pazartesi ve perşembe günleri, TÜRİB Mısır (TRBMSR) endeksinde pazartesi günleri normal üstü getiri elde etme potansiyelinin bulunduğu ve bu yönüyle haftanın günü etkisinin görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Anomali tespit edilen günlerde normal üstü getiri elde etme potansiyelinin diğer yatırımcılar tarafından görülmesiyle endekslerde işlem hacminin artması beklenmektedir. Bu artış ile çalışmaya konu olan endekslerin (TÜRIB Arpa, TÜRİB Buğday ve TÜRİB Mısır) etkinliğinin kademeli olarak artacağı düşünülmektedir. Bunun sonucunda normal üstü getirinin aşamalı olarak ortadan kalkacağı değerlendirilmiştir. Böylelikle, piyasalardaki gelişmelerin endeks fiyatlarına piyasa etkinliğini bozmayacak şekilde yansıyacağı düşünülmektedir.
Examining Public Sentiments and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccination: Infoveillance Study Using Twitter Posts
Authors: Chandrasekaran Ranganathan , Desai Rashi , Shah Harsh , Kumar Vivek , Moustakas Evangelos
Published: March 2022

Background

A global rollout of vaccinations is currently underway to mitigate and protect people from the COVID-19 pandemic. Several individuals have been using social media platforms such as Twitter as an outlet to express their feelings, concerns, and opinions about COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination programs. This study examined COVID-19 vaccine–related tweets from January 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021, to uncover the topics, themes, and variations in sentiments of public Twitter users.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine key themes and topics from COVID-19 vaccine–related English tweets posted by individuals, and to explore the trends and variations in public opinions and sentiments.

Methods

We gathered and assessed a corpus of 2.94 million COVID-19 vaccine–related tweets made by 1.2 million individuals. We used CoreX topic modeling to explore the themes and topics underlying the tweets, and used VADER sentiment analysis to compute sentiment scores and examine weekly trends. We also performed qualitative content analysis of the top three topics pertaining to COVID-19 vaccination.

Results

Topic modeling yielded 16 topics that were grouped into 6 broader themes underlying the COVID-19 vaccination tweets. The most tweeted topic about COVID-19 vaccination was related to vaccination policy, specifically whether vaccines needed to be mandated or optional (13.94%), followed by vaccine hesitancy (12.63%) and postvaccination symptoms and effects (10.44%) Average compound sentiment scores were negative throughout the 16 weeks for the topics postvaccination symptoms and side effects and hoax/conspiracy. However, consistent positive sentiment scores were observed for the topics vaccination disclosure, vaccine efficacy, clinical trials and approvals, affordability, regulation, distribution and shortage, travel, appointment and scheduling, vaccination sites, advocacy, opinion leaders and endorsement, and gratitude toward health care workers. Reversal in sentiment scores in a few weeks was observed for the topics vaccination eligibility and hesitancy.

Conclusions

Identification of dominant themes, topics, sentiments, and changing trends about COVID-19 vaccination can aid governments and health care agencies to frame appropriate vaccination programs, policies, and rollouts.
Computerized Clinical Decision Support Systems for the Early Detection of Sepsis Among Pediatric, Neonatal, and Maternal Inpatients: Scoping Review
Authors: Ackermann Khalia , Baker Jannah , Festa Marino , McMullan Brendan , Westbrook Johanna , Li Ling
Published: March 2022

Background

Sepsis is a severe condition associated with extensive morbidity and mortality worldwide. Pediatric, neonatal, and maternal patients represent a considerable proportion of the sepsis burden. Identifying sepsis cases as early as possible is a key pillar of sepsis management and has prompted the development of sepsis identification rules and algorithms that are embedded in computerized clinical decision support (CCDS) systems.

Objective

This scoping review aimed to systematically describe studies reporting on the use and evaluation of CCDS systems for the early detection of pediatric, neonatal, and maternal inpatients at risk of sepsis.

Methods

MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Scopus, Web of Science, OpenGrey, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global (PQDT) were searched by using a search strategy that incorporated terms for sepsis, clinical decision support, and early detection. Title, abstract, and full-text screening was performed by 2 independent reviewers, who consulted a third reviewer as needed. One reviewer performed data charting with a sample of data. This was checked by a second reviewer and via discussions with the review team, as necessary.

Results

A total of 33 studies were included in this review—13 (39%) pediatric studies, 18 (55%) neonatal studies, and 2 (6%) maternal studies. All studies were published after 2011, and 27 (82%) were published from 2017 onward. The most common outcome investigated in pediatric studies was the accuracy of sepsis identification (9/13, 69%). Pediatric CCDS systems used different combinations of 18 diverse clinical criteria to detect sepsis across the 13 identified studies. In neonatal studies, 78% (14/18) of the studies investigated the Kaiser Permanente early-onset sepsis risk calculator. All studies investigated sepsis treatment and management outcomes, with 83% (15/18) reporting on antibiotics-related outcomes. Usability and cost-related outcomes were each reported in only 2 (6%) of the 31 pediatric or neonatal studies. Both studies on maternal populations were short abstracts.

Conclusions

This review found limited research investigating CCDS systems to support the early detection of sepsis among pediatric, neonatal, and maternal patients, despite the high burden of sepsis in these vulnerable populations. We have highlighted the need for a consensus definition for pediatric and neonatal sepsis and the study of usability and cost-related outcomes as critical areas for future research.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/24899
Smart Traffic Light Control Using Image Processing
Authors: Sonawane Mr. Sunil S. , Kenchannvar Bhagyashree , Kumbhar Kajal , Salunkhe Pranjali
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Nowadays, holdup has become one in every of the foremost critical problem thanks to increasing population and automobiles in cities. Hold up causes delay and stress for drivers and increases pollution and carbonic acid gas emissions. The traffic controller is one in all the critical factors affecting the traffic flow. This paper proposes a control system supported image processing including video processing within which traffic signals change accordingly the density of traffic and it will make use of Arduino UNO board for Traffic Lights, Emergency Vehicles and Barrier. A video camera and traffic lights are interfaced with Arduino UNO. The video is processed and Arduino enables the traffic lights to vary when required. Along with this, barrier at zebra crossing and emergency vehicle passing are the best concept for today’s smart city. Keywords: Image Processing, Time, Signals, Emergency Vehicles, Barrier
An effective GDI (Gate Diffusion Input) Based 16- bit Shift Register Design for Power and Area Optimization
Authors: Rayini Akhila , Gogineni Rajesh
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Sequential circuit design is heavily influenced by power consumption and area reduction. Mainly consisted is shown here. Rather than using flip flops, pulsed latches are used to limit the amount of space these utilize. The shift register uses a minimal number of pulsed clock signals by combining the latches into numerous sub shifter registers and using Multiplexer and additional temporary storage latches. Multiple non-overlap delayed pulsed clock signal schemes are presented for data synchronization in a multi bit shift register to decrease power consumption. In order to maintain the current system, Tanner SEDIT will be used with Taiwan Semiconductor (TSMC) 0.18mm technology. Designing low-power digital combinational circuits using Gate Diffusion Input(GDI) is a common practice nowadays. When used in particular operating conditions, the GDI approach restores the in-cell swing by implementing sophisticated logic functions on two transistors. This method reduces power consumption, propagation latency, and digital circuit size while maintaining low complexity of logic design. Dual Edge Triggered Flip Flop(DETFF) implementation using GDI technology is introduced as an improvement to the shift register design. This idea also takes into account time restrictions, which can be reduced with the least amount of management. Keywords: Shift Register, Thermometer Code, Gate Diffusion Input, Dual Edge Triggered Flip-Flop, Propagation latency.
Smart Energy Efficient Security and Intelligent Home Automation Using IOT With Cloud Organizing
Authors: Chandak Himanshu , Jaiswal Prof . Ayushi , Dhoke Hitesh , Juwar Pranay Kumar , Singh Chandan
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Comfort has become a staple in the 21st century. So computer and intelligent changes came about. Other technologies such as ubiquitous / full-fledged and existing intelligence meet the great need for a smart world but these technologies are not firmly integrated with the internet, so people need another technological extension. Internet of Things (IoT) is a buffet technology suitable for influencing the internet and communication technology. In this project, smart home automation systems are being discussed. The project introduces the design and prototype of the Home Automation program, With the motion sensor, LDR sensor, Voice controlled and intelligent crime detection system using Ioot. In addition, an app will be used that will allow the user to control his device intelligently and gain security information. Keywords: Arduino Uno , LDR Ssenor , Motion Sesnor , Voice Controlled , smart theft , IOT etc