bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online Circle and Sphere Packing∗
Authors: Lintzmayer Carla Negri , Miyazawa Flávio Keidi , Xavier Eduardo Candido
Published: January 2020

In the Online Circle Packing in Squares, circles arrive one at a time and we need to pack them into the minimum number of unit square bins. We improve the previous best-known competitive ratio for the bounded space version from 2.439 to 2.3536 and we also give an unbounded space algorithm. Our algorithms also apply to the Online Circle Packing in Isosceles Right Triangles and Online Sphere Packing in Cubes, for which no previous results were known.
O Problema da Deposição Gamma é NP-Completo
Authors: Faraj Marcelo Fonseca , Urrutia Sebastián , Sarubbi João Fernando Machry
Published: January 2020

Deposição Gamma é uma métrica usada para avaliar a qualidade de serviço oferecida por redes veiculares (VANETs). O Problema da Deposição Gamma consiste no emprego dessa métrica na minimização de RSUs para compor VANETs. Neste trabalho, prova-se que esse problema é NP-Completo.
Exact and Heuristic Approaches to the Maximum Capacity Representatives Problem
Authors: De Souza Italos Estilon Da Silva , Da Silva Mauro Roberto Costa , Da Silva Welverton Rodrigues , Schoeury Rafael C. S.
Published: January 2020

This paper approaches the problem of finding the system of representatives of a family of disjoint sets. To solve this problem, three methods were used: integer programming, branch-and-bound, and the BRKGA metaheuristic. We observed that, in randomly generated instances, the branch-and-bound algorithm was the best exact method but it was surpassed by BRKGA for large instances.
O problema probe particionado split bem-coberto é polinomial
Authors: Alves S. R. , Couto F. , Faria L. , Klein S. , Souza U. dos S.
Published: January 2020

Um grafo G = (V, E) é bem-coberto se cada conjunto independente maximal de G é máximo. Um grafo G = (V, E) é split se existe uma partição V = (S, K), onde S é um conjunto independente e K é uma clique. Um grafo split bem-coberto é, ao mesmo tempo, split e bem-coberto. Dada uma classe C de grafos, um grafo G = (V, E) é C probe se existe uma partição para V = (N, P ) em probes P e não-probes N , onde N é um conjunto independente e novas arestas podem ser adicionadas entre não-probes de maneira que o grafo resultante permaneça na classe de grafos C. Dizemos que (N, P ) é uma C probe partição para G. O problema C PROBE PARTICIONADO consiste de um grafo de entrada G e uma partição probe V = (N, P ) e a questão: (N, P ) é uma C partição probe? Neste artigo, consideramos C como a classe dos grafos split bem-cobertos, e provamos que o problema C PROBE PARTICIONADO pertence à classe de problemas polinomiais P.
Dispositivo de Baixo Custo para Detecção de Patologias da Visão
Authors: Silveira Rayanne M. C. , Almeida João D. S. , Teixeira Jorge A. M. , Maia Ivana M. O. , Paiva Anselmo C. , Braz Júnior Geraldo
Published: January 2020

A identificação de patologias da visão nos primeiros anos de vida contribui para um tratamento mais eficaz. Entretanto, obter o diagnóstico de pacientes na faixa etária de 0 a 3 anos a partir de métodos tradicionais como a tabela de Snellen, que necessita da colaboração do paciente, é inviável. O uso de Photoscreeners para diagnosticar esse grupo de pacientes tem sido uma opção, entretanto o custo desses dispositivos é elevado. Neste contexto, propõese um dispositivo semelhante e de baixo custo que possa incorporar diferentes métodos computacionais para detectar patologias da visão e permita examinar pacientes de todas as idades. O protótipo apresenta funcionalidades semelhantes as dos dispositivos no mercado e apresenta um custo 20 vezes menor que o preço médio dos dispositivos existentes.
MemoGinga: Jogo Interativo para TV Digital como Exercício Cognitivo para Idosos
Authors: Matos Luiz F. , Santos Mayara H. , Boechat Yolanda , Amorim Glauco , Muchaluat-Saade Débora C.
Published: January 2020

A recente difusão dos jogos eletrônicos tem despertado o interesse de pesquisadores que investigam as relações entre o uso de jogos e o aumento do desempenho cognitivo humano. A partir desse interesse, o uso de jogos eletrõnicos para melhora das funções cognitivas de idosos tem sido cada vez mais explorado. No Brasil, o acesso à TV é muito comum e presente nos lares de todas as classes sociais. Desta forma, jogos eletrõnicos disponíveis através do Sistema Brasileiro de TV Digital tem potencial para atingir grande parte da população idosa no páıs. O presente artigo propõe e avalia o MemoGinga, um teste de memória recente, direcionado principalmente ao público idoso e implementado no middleware Ginga para TV digital interativa. MemoGinga foi avaliado com usuários idosos atendidos pelo CRASI - Centro de Referência em Assistênciaá Saúde do Idoso.
Apollo EFP: Um Modelo para Cuidado Ubíquo Aplicado à Prevenção de Quedas de Idosos
Authors: Tavares João , Mota Bruno , Barbosa Jorge , Yamin Adenauer , Real Rodrigo
Published: January 2020

Segundo dados oficiais, a queda acidental é o principal motivo de morbidade por causas externas não intencionais a pessoas com mais de 60 anos. Este artigo apresenta um modelo para cuidado ubíquo aplicado à prevenção de quedas de idosos. O algoritmo de classificação adotado baseia- se em limiares relativos, para isso, propõe-se o Índice de Risco de Queda (IRQ). A principal contribuição científica deste trabalho reside na análise preventiva do risco de quedas, considerando o perfil, o histórico de saúde e o contexto do idoso em ambientes inteligentes. Foram realizadas avaliações de usabilidade e aceitação por 2 idosos em um cenário real. Os resultados indicam a aprovação de 87% na facilidade percebida de uso e 100% na utilidade percebida. Além disso, foram realizados testes por simulação de 5 estados posturais por 10 idosos com perfis diferentes, resultando em uma acurácia média do algoritmo de prevenção e detecção de eventos relacionados a quedas de 96%.
Extração de dados de fontes textuais: uma abordagem para enriquecimento de dados abertos interligados
Authors: Teixeira Karen Torres , Campos Maria Luiza Machado , Da Silva João C. P.
Published: January 2020

Na Web de Dados, itens de dados são interconectados e associados a anotações descritivas na forma de vocabulários, tirando vantagem de uma representação em triplas. Neste contexto, documentos e outras fontes textuais podem ser anotados para serem incorporados a este universo como recursos ou servindo também de base para extração de novas triplas. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma abordagem para extração de dados e geração de triplas a partir de textos com estilos específicos visando o enriquecimento de dados abertos interligados, através de sua associação e ligação a bases existentes. A abordagem foi aplicada e avaliada no contexto de um portal com informações sobre o consumo de agrotóxicos no Brasil.
Análise de Soft Skills na Visão de Profissionais da Engenharia de Software
Authors: Lima Tiago , Porto Josiane
Published: January 2020

A carreira na Engenharia de Software demanda desenvolvimento de diversas competências técnicas. Entretanto, esses profissionais também precisam desenvolver competências não técnicas, relacionadas às soft skills. Por meio de survey eletrônico, essa pesquisa levantou a importância de soft skills e quais possuem maior impacto no desenvolvimento de carreira e em atividades diárias, a partir da percepção de profissionais dessa área. Os resultados mostraram que esses profissionais entendem que as soft skills possuem alto impacto no desenvolvimento de suas carreiras e em suas atividades diárias. Porém, não existe uma preocupação maior com o desenvolvimento delas, quando se considera a amostra dessa pesquisa.
Reconhecimento de Padrões de Colônias de Abelhas Apis Mellifera Segundo Mudanças das Estações do Ano
Authors: Maciel Felipe Anderson O. , Braga Antonio Rafael , Silva Alisson de Lima e , Silva Ticiana L. Coelho da , Freitas Breno M. , Gomes Danielo G.
Published: January 2020

Na qualidade de principal agente polinizador, as abelhas são essenciais à produção de alimentos para o ser humano e para manutenção dos ecossistemas. Entre as culturas agrícolas utilizadas para o consumo humano, 75% dependem de polinização. Alinhando-se a uma preocupação atual com a sobrevivência das abelhas, este artigo visa descobrir estados de colônias de Apis mellifera a fim de auxiliar o apicultor no manejo e na manutenção de suas colmeias. Nossa metodologia consistiu na aplicação de uma técnica de clusterização em dois datasets reais de colmeias com dados de temperatura, umidade e massa. A partir da aplicação do índice Calinski-Harabasz e do algoritmo K-means, identificamos padrões coerentes e associados às transições entre as estações do ano. Além disso, concluímos que a colônia mais forte é mais eficiente ao tentar manter o microclima da colmeia durante o inverno.
Aplicativo iOS para coleta autônoma de imagens e monitoramento do meio agrícola
Authors: Visentini Gustavo César , Pavan Willingthon , Holbig Carlos A. , Fernades Jose Mauricio
Published: January 2020

O monitoramento agrícola tem contado com inúmeros métodos e tecnologias, sendo o uso de Drones um dos mais atuais. Neste trabalho apresentase um aplicativo para controle e mapeamento aéreo utilizando Drones DJI, desenvolvido para a plataforma iOS. Com o aplicativo pode-se coletar de forma simplificada e automatizada imagens para a criação de mosaicos, os quais podem auxiliar nos mais variados projetos.
Metodologia de um Projeto de Extensão para Inclusão, Desmistificação e Empoderamento de Jovens Mulheres em Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação
Authors: Ferreira Helen Abdala R. , Barbosa Alice F. , Braga Reinaldo B. , Viana Marcia N. , Oliveira Carina T.
Published: January 2020

As Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) crescem de forma acentuada. Porém, apesar de sua presença cada vez mais massiva na maioria das atividades do cotidiano, a inclusão digital ainda é um desafio na sociedade atual, principalmente quando se trata do público feminino. Tendo em vista esta problemática, o presente artigo tem por objetivo descrever uma metodologia de projeto que visa incluir, desmistificar e empoderar a mulher naárea de TICs. A metodologia foi aplicada com um grupo de jovens mulheres da comunidade do Pedregal, localizada em Aracati-CE. Os resultados obtidos destacam a elevação do índice de atendimento aos segmentos sociais com ênfase na inclusão digital e emancipação do cidadão.
Ensinando princípios de criptografia como trote educativo e de comemoração ao dia das mulheres
Authors: De Freitas Rosiane , Pereira Karla Susiane , Pessoa Larissa , Bentes Ariel , Santos Ingrid , Oliveira Isabelly , Lauschner Tanara
Published: January 2020

Neste trabalho é apresentada uma dinâmica envolvendo um método básico de criptografia, historicamente conhecido como Cifra de César, que foi aplicada aos alunos ingressantes de graduação em Computação da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Tal atividade aconteceu na primeira semana de aula, como forma de integração entre os alunos calouros de Computação. E, aproveitando-se que a data de tal atividade coincidia com a Dia Internacional da Mulher, 8 de março, também foram trabalhadas questões sobre a participação das estudantes mulheres em tais cursos. Este trabalho, portanto, tem por objetivos relatar a atividade geral realizada e a dinâmica aplicada, bem como tecer considerações sobre a adequabilidade da proposta, como foi recebida e percebida, e a participação das meninas diante do contexto construído.
Análise Visual de Dados Educacionais: um Estudo de Gênero nos Cursos de Computação da Universidade de Brasília
Authors: Hansen Luiza A. , Chagas Lucas M. , De Araújo Aleteia Patrícia F. , Borges Vinicius R. P. , Holanda Maristela
Published: January 2020

Nosúltimos anos, aárea de Ciência da Computação tem tido pouco interesse das meninas que ingressam na graduação. No Departamento de Ciência da Computação da Universidade de Brasília, o número de meninas é menos que 10% em comparação aos meninos. Neste contexto, este artigo apresenta a visualização de informações sobre alunas dos cursos de computação a partir da sua condição com a Universidade: ainda cursando; desligada ou; já formada. O padrão foi observado utilizando a técnicas de visualização denominada Curva de Andrews.
Um Panorama da Atuação da Mulher na Computação
Authors: Ribeiro Laura , Barbosa Glívia , Silva Ismael , Coutinho Flávio , Santos Natália
Published: January 2020

Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de caracterizar – por meio de um portal de visualizações - o panorama e os impactos da atuação feminina na computação no Brasil. Essa iniciativa engloba um escopo nacional, com análise acadêmica e mercadológica, e apresenta como produto final um portal que possibilita e facilita o compartilhamento informação e a disseminação de conhecimento relacionado a atuação da mulher brasileira na computação.
Construção de um Modelo de Simulação para Escalonamento de Processos não-preemptivos
Authors: Néry Jhonatan T. Cabral , Barreto Franciny M. , De Freitas Joslaine C. Jeske
Published: January 2020

A sociedade moderna tem exigido cada vez mais requisitos da tecnologia, sendo alguns deles agilidade, disponibilidade e a possibilidade de tratar diferentes tarefas simultaneamente. Assim, uma das pesquisas para atender o atual cenário tem seu foco no tratamento das aplicações em execução (os chamados processos) que podem estar em um Sistema Operacional em funcionamento. Em um computador, o elemento responsável por tratar estes processos é o escalonador. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo construir um simulador que mostre especificamente o comportamento do escalonador First-in Firstout em cenários com um, dois e três processadores com processos de duração aleatória.
Caracterização do Uso de uma Rede Sem Fio de Grande Porte Distribuída por uma Ampla Área
Authors: Magalhães Luiz Claudio Schara , Mattos Diogo Menezes Ferrazani
Published: January 2020

Managing wireless networks is challenging due to the requirement of ensuring good performance while coexisting with other networks. This paper analyses a production wireless network that is also used for research. The wireless network at Universidade Federal Fluminense uses home grown technology which was funded by RNP in the SCIFI work group, which is composed of a software controller and low cost access points compatible with OpenWRT. The analysis of the wireless network is performed modeling the network as a directed graph, in which nodes are the access points and edges represent vicinity. Algorithms for choosing the wireless channel in order to maximize performance by minimizing interference both by access points which are controlled or not by the system. The characteristics of associations of user devices to the wireless network are shown. The results of the analysis show that, after the installation of new channel, up to 75% of unmanaged networks in the vicinity of an access point switch their channel to adapt to the new wireless configuration.
Back to the Past: When Segmentation Is More Efficient Than Paging
Authors: Laux Jr Lauri P. , Hexsel Roberto A.
Published: January 2020

Virtual Memory was devised in a time of scarce resources. In the coming decade we expect to see physical memory systems populated with 264 bytes of RAM, a fraction of which may be non-volatile. Demand paging is inefficient in such large memories because space (Page Tables) and time (Page Table walks) overheads are too high. We collected execution traces from six applications and characterized their virtual memory behavior with respect to miss rates in references to Translation Buffers (TLBs) and Segment Buffers (SBs). Our measurements indicate that the miss rates for SBs are 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than for TLBs. In light of these results, we discuss some of the design implications of segmented systems and of SBs.
Método Rápido de Agrupamento de Vértices para Detecção de Comunidades em Redes Complexas de Larga-escala
Authors: Carnivali Gustavo S. , Vieira Alex B. , Esquef Paulo A. A. , Ziviani Artur
Published: January 2020

Este artigo reporta resultados de uma investigação sobre o problema de detecção de comunidades em redes complexas. Na literatura dedicada a esse assunto, um algoritmo iterativo, denominado Método de Louvain (ML), se destaca como opção eficaz e rápida para o problema. Entretanto, as primeiras iterações do ML são sua parte mais custosa. Neste artigo, propõe-se um Método Rápido de Agrupamento de Vértices (MRAV) em grafos como uma opção mais rápida do que as primeiras iterações do ML. Através de experimentos envolvendo redes grandes do mundo real, demonstra-se que o sistema proposto MRAV+ML identifica comunidades com modularidade similar ao ML (redução média menor de 3%), mas com redução média de aproximadamente 42% no tempo de execução.
Uma Análise Competitiva entre as Tecnologias Blockchain e Tangle para o Projeto de Aplicações IoT
Authors: Da Mata Rafael Zerbini Alves , Rodrigues Carlo Kleber da Silva
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise competitiva entre as tecnologias Blockchain e Tangle, visando principalmente ao projeto de aplicações IoT. Para tanto, inicialmente é feito um estudo teórico comparativo das estruturas de dados e algoritmos usados para manipular informações sob cada tecnologia. Em seguida, por meio de simulação, diferentes cenários são analisados para aferir o nível de segurança do sistema em termos da inviolabilidade das informações, considerando o emprego de cada tecnologia. Os resultados finais permitem conjecturar que Tangle é uma alternativa mais promissora, além de se constituírem em subsídios para possíveis projetos de aplicações IoT. Conclusões gerais e trabalhos futuros encerram este artigo.
Uma Análise de Desempenho sobre uma MicroFog
Authors: Siqueira Douglas , Rocha Paulo H. , Bisneto Tomaz , Rego Paulo A. L. , Silva Francisco A.
Published: January 2020

A Computação em Nuvem é um paradigma de distribuição de recursos de processamento e armazenamento pela Internet. Umaárea relacionada é a Fog Computing, que é uma Cloud com a proximidade ao usuário final. Pelo fato de que servidores tradicionais adotados na Computação em Nuvem possuem elevado preço e consumo energético. Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação de desempenho de uma MicroFog (uma Fog de pequeno porte), formada por microcontroladores Raspberry Pi, comparada com servidores tradicionais. Foi utilizada um algoritmo de processamento de imagens e realizada uma análise de sensibilidade dos fatores: (A) servidores (tradicionais e MicroFog), (B) carga de trabalho e (C) tamanho da imagem.
Art and Integrity in The Fabulous Baker Boys
Authors: Kupfer Joseph ,   Society for the Philosophic Study of the Contemporary Visual Arts
Published: January 2020

The title of the film by Steve Kloves (1989) refers to the dual-piano, languishing lounge act performed by two brothers. The resurgence and demise of the musical team is brought about by the addition of a sultry, female vocalist--Susie Diamond. Embedded within the story is an exploration of integrity and its augmentation by the virtues of courage and honesty. Integrity marks an individual whose self is a coherent, consistent whole. Important elements of the individual’s personality are mutually supportive rather than being disparate or in conflict. The integrity scrutinized by the film is Jack’s; it involves the younger brother’s inconsistent fidelity to his considerable musical talent. Late in the story we learn that he despises performing the popular musical fare with his brother and that he really wants to be creative, playing jazz. Although Jack is shown playing piano with modulated passion at a jazz club, we infer that he does so infrequently. Jack’s older brother is not in conflict with himself because his talent is suited to playing the bland tunes that are the staple of the act. Jack’s integrity is compromised because his commitment to his art is half-hearted; he cannot make the leap of faith--in himself. He knows that he hates playing the lounge music, is moved by jazz, and has considerable ability. Jack therefore realizes, however vaguely, that he ought to give himself to the music he loves, despite the risks this would entail. The trajectory of the film-story can be viewed as Jack finally summoning the courage to honestly confront his struggle with integrity and deciding to do something about it.
Elia Kazan and the Hollywood Blacklist
Authors: Lee Sander ,   Society for the Philosophic Study of the Contemporary Visual Arts
Published: January 2020

In April 1952, Elia Kazan appeared before HUAC and named names. Although he refused to do so in an earlier appearance, this time, having been warned that his film career was in jeopardy, he named many of his colleagues and friends. While he is far from the only one to turn informer, his case garners the most attention for a variety of reasons. In this essay, I examine Kazan’s justifications for his acts, acts that contributed to the destruction of the careers of many of his talented colleagues and friends. I wish to discover whether his arguments are philosophically plausible and how the themes in his film On the Waterfront (1954) contribute to the debate over these issues. In contrast, I examine the film High Noon (1952), largely seen as an attack on the practice of informing. I examine how Utilitarian and Kantian moral theories might be used either to justify or condemn Kazan’s actions. Finally, if we stipulate that Kazan’s acts before HUAC were immoral, does this mean that we should boycott his art or deny him accolades that his work would otherwise merit?
Quick Blocks: Developing Spatial Sense
Authors: Matney Gabriel , Porcella Julia , Gladieux Shannon
Published: January 2020

This article shares the importance of giving K-12 students opportunities to develop spatial sense. We explain how we designed Quick Blocks as an activity to engage our students in both spatial reasoning and number sense. Several examples of students thinking are shared as well as a classroom dialogue.
Learning Exponential Functions through Experiments
Authors: Hwang Chiu
Published: January 2020

This article describes physical activities and modeling process through which–exponential patterns are understood and felt.
Characterization of Natural Fibres and Their Polymer-based Composites
Authors: Piya Afrina K. , Raihan Munshi M. , Khan Ruhul A.
Published: January 2020

Development of new alternative materials having the superior characteristics than traditional material has become a new buzz to the researchers. One of the achievements in this field is fibre reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs). The most fascinating aspect of FRPCs is light weight but higher strength and chemical resistance. Further to obtain a biodegradable one natural fibre are taking place of synthetic fibre in the processing of NFRPCs. Researchers have done extensive research works on NFRPCs to expand it application field. But sometimes only natural fibre reinforcement cannot fulfil the design requirement. Hybridization with synthetic fibre reinforcement can significantly improve the physical and mechanical properties despite of processing parameters. Again, nanoparticle fillers are also helpful to enhance the mechanical properties. The aim of this study is to clarify the use of different types of natural fibres as reinforcement to fabricate polymer composites and their corresponding mechanical properties for particular application which will be helpful to design NFRPCs for different application.
Thermal Stability of Polyurethanes from Soybean Oil as Natural Source and its Chemical Modifications
Authors: Weimer Néstor Mariano Santucho
Published: January 2020

In this contribution, a summary of recent publications about the thermal stability of polyurethanes from soybean oil as natural source for polyols was made. From the review, it can be concluded that polyurethanes from natural oil-derived polyols decomposed at a temperature up to 30°C higher than petrochemically-based polyurethanes. Chemical modification of soybean oil for polyol synthesis is mainly based on epoxidation. However, we highlighted the possibility of functionalizing soybean oil by maleinization, a route that was very scarcely studied. Maleinization allows the introduction of labile reactive hydrogen to react with isocyanates for polyurethane synthesis with a broad range of properties.
El impacto del uso de la imagen en la cuenta de Twitter de CSIC
Authors: González Bengoechea Aitor
Published: January 2020

La ciencia es uno de los campos de conocimiento más importantes de los que dispone el ser humano y tiene en la comunicación una de las principales bazas para divulgar sus descubrimientos, novedades, actualidad y sucesos destacables. Una comunicación científica que tiene en la imagen un soporte mediante el que mostrar conceptos de forma visual que a veces pueden ser difícilmente explicables únicamente mediante la palabra. Internet primero y las redes sociales después han cambiado los esquemas de la comunicación tal y como se conocían hasta su aparición. Facebook, Twitter o Instagram cuentan por cientos de millones sus usuarios, lo que ha sido valorado por las instituciones y organizaciones, incluidas las científicas. Estas redes sociales, en especial Twitter, se han erigido como un nuevo canal de comunicación más accesible que los medios tradicionales, con un mayor número de potenciales receptores, sobre todo para organizaciones sin los recursos necesarios para obtener presencia en dichos medios. El presente trabajo analiza el perfil en Twitter del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) para conocer la utilización que el organismo hace de las imágenes en los mensajes que envía en la red social. Según los resultados el CSIC hace un uso mayoritario de la imagen, sobre todo de ilustraciones o fotografías que muestran lo que se presenta en el texto del mensaje. Gracias a esta utilización de las imágenes, el CSIC aumenta sus impactos en la red social, con un mayor número de interacciones por parte de los usuarios.
Call into the platform!
Authors: Omena Janna Joceli , Granado António
Published: January 2020

This paper introduces a medium research perspective as a fundamental basis for Social Sciences and Communication fieldwork. Drawing from the affordances of digital networks, it points to the importance of combining knowledge on platform grammatization with data research practices (capture, mining, analysis and visualization). That is what we refer to as call into the platform. Rather than shifting our attention away from the object of study to primarily focus on the technical fieldwork, we assume this latter as something that takes part in the doing of digital social sciences research. For this purpose, we present the case of Portuguese Universities on Facebook, which comprises all public universities in Portugal including one private. The study interrogates how digital networks serve communication and social sciences studies. To respond to this question, we explored two distinctive digital networks that shed light in the institutional connections and the visual culture of higher education in Portugal. The first, Facebook Page Like network, comprises all connections made by a given page; the act of liking other pages or being liked in return. The second is built upon the affordances of computer vision and depicts the connections between images and their descriptive labels: a network of Facebook Pages timeline images. Beyond providing new ways to design and implement research that can be repurposed for different studies, the main contribution of this paper lies in embracing the methods of the medium as key for digital social sciences.
Networks, Movements and Technopolitics in Latin America
Authors: Gutiérrez y Restrepo Emmanuelle
Published: January 2020

El libro Networks, Movements and Technopolitics in Latin America está elaborado mayoritariamente por profesores universitarios, principalmente del área iberoamericana, pero incluyendo también otros con experiencia en lugares tan distantes como Suecia, Australia o Hong Kong. Es, por tanto, una obra no sólo colaborativa, sino que abarca conocimientos y experiencia de realidades sociales muy diversas, aunque su mira es la realidad de América Latina.
Perturbation of base excision repair sensitizes breast cancer cells to APOBEC3 deaminase-mediated mutations
Authors: Shen Birong , Chapman Joseph H , Custance Michael F , Tricola Gianna M , Jones Charles E , Furano Anthony V
Published: January 2020

Abundant APOBEC3 (A3) deaminase-mediated mutations can dominate the mutational landscape (‘mutator phenotype’) of some cancers, however, the basis of this sporadic vulnerability is unknown. We show here that elevated expression of the bifunctional DNA glycosylase, NEIL2, sensitizes breast cancer cells to A3B-mediated mutations and double-strand breaks (DSBs) by perturbing canonical base excision repair (BER). NEIL2 usurps the canonical lyase, APE1, at abasic sites in a purified BER system, rendering them poor substrates for polymerase β. However, the nicked NEIL2 product can serve as an entry site for Exo1 in vitro to generate single-stranded DNA, which would be susceptible to both A3B and DSBs. As NEIL2 or Exo1 depletion mitigates the DNA damage caused by A3B expression, we suggest that aberrant NEIL2 expression can explain certain instances of A3B-mediated mutations.
Class-A penicillin binding proteins do not contribute to cell shape but repair cell-wall defects
Authors: Vigouroux Antoine , Cordier Baptiste , Aristov Andrey , Alvarez Laura , Özbaykal Gizem , Chaze Thibault , Oldewurtel Enno Rainer , Matondo Mariette , Cava Felipe , Bikard David , van Teeffelen Sven
Published: January 2020

Cell shape and cell-envelope integrity of bacteria are determined by the peptidoglycan cell wall. In rod-shaped Escherichia coli, two conserved sets of machinery are essential for cell-wall insertion in the cylindrical part of the cell: the Rod complex and the class-A penicillin-binding proteins (aPBPs). While the Rod complex governs rod-like cell shape, aPBP function is less well understood. aPBPs were previously hypothesized to either work in concert with the Rod complex or to independently repair cell-wall defects. First, we demonstrate through modulation of enzyme levels that aPBPs do not contribute to rod-like cell shape but are required for mechanical stability, supporting their independent activity. By combining measurements of cell-wall stiffness, cell-wall insertion, and PBP1b motion at the single-molecule level, we then present evidence that PBP1b, the major aPBP, contributes to cell-wall integrity by repairing cell wall defects.
In vivo single-cell lineage tracing in zebrafish using high-resolution infrared laser-mediated gene induction microscopy
Authors: He Sicong , Tian Ye , Feng Shachuan , Wu Yi , Shen Xinwei , Chen Kani , He Yingzhu , Sun Qiqi , Li Xuesong , Xu Jin , Wen Zilong , Qu Jianan Y
Published: January 2020

Heterogeneity broadly exists in various cell types both during development and at homeostasis. Investigating heterogeneity is crucial for comprehensively understanding the complexity of ontogeny, dynamics, and function of specific cell types. Traditional bulk-labeling techniques are incompetent to dissect heterogeneity within cell population, while the new single-cell lineage tracing methodologies invented in the last decade can hardly achieve high-fidelity single-cell labeling and long-term in-vivo observation simultaneously. In this work, we developed a high-precision infrared laser-evoked gene operator heat-shock system, which uses laser-induced CreERT2 combined with loxP-DsRedx-loxP-GFP reporter to achieve precise single-cell labeling and tracing. In vivo study indicated that this system can precisely label single cell in brain, muscle and hematopoietic system in zebrafish embryo. Using this system, we traced the hematopoietic potential of hemogenic endothelium (HE) in the posterior blood island (PBI) of zebrafish embryo and found that HEs in the PBI are heterogeneous, which contains at least myeloid unipotent and myeloid-lymphoid bipotent subtypes.
Cell-specific non-canonical amino acid labelling identifies changes in the de novo proteome during memory formation
Authors: Evans Harrison Tudor , Bodea Liviu-Gabriel , Götz Jürgen
Published: January 2020

The formation of spatial long-term memory (LTM) requires the de novo synthesis of distinct sets of proteins; however, a non-biased examination of the de novo proteome in this process is lacking. Here, we generated a novel mouse strain, which enables cell-type-specific labelling of newly synthesised proteins with non-canonical amino acids (NCAAs) by genetically restricting the expression of the mutant tRNA synthetase, NLL-MetRS, to hippocampal neurons. By combining this labelling technique with an accelerated version of the active place avoidance task and bio-orthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) followed by SWATH quantitative mass spectrometry, we identified 156 proteins that were altered in synthesis in hippocampal neurons during spatial memory formation. In addition to observing increased synthesis of known proteins important in memory-related processes, such as glutamate receptor recycling, we also identified altered synthesis of proteins associated with mRNA splicing as a potential mechanism involved in spatial LTM formation.
Food Sensitivity Testing and Elimination Diets in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Smith Erin , Foxx-Orenstein Amy , Marks Lisa A. , Agrwal Neera
Published: January 2020

The nonpharmacologic management of irritable bowel syndrome focuses on dietary modification through the concept of food sensitivity or intolerance. Currently, testing for food allergies is not recommended in the absence of a clinical history consistent with an immunoglobulin E–mediated reaction. Objective means of determining food sensitivity, such as individualized diets, are being studied, but testing for food sensitivity is limited to certain food groups. Diets such as the low-FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) diet may provide benefit.
The Many Facets of Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Riley Bernadette
Published: January 2020

Of the 13 subtypes of Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDSs) identified in the 2017 international classification of EDSs, 12 have a recognized, associated genetic mutation. However, hypermobile EDS (hEDS) currently has no identifiable associated gene. Therefore, patients with hEDS are identified through a set of clinical diagnosis guidelines and criteria, which are meant to differentiate hEDS from other hypermobile joint conditions and other EDSs subtypes. In this article, the authors provide an overview of hEDS symptoms and comborbidities, current treatment options, and the clinical criteria currently guiding the standard of care.
Hvorfor elever mangler kompetente lærere i Kunst og håndverk
Authors: Nielsen Liv Merete , Lepperød Janne
Published: January 2020

Hele 50% av de lærerne som underviser i faget Kunst og håndverk i grunnskolen har ingen studiepoeng i faget. Det er et svakere resultat enn for 20 år siden, og da er det nærliggende å tro at det svake resultatet skyldes mangel på utdannede lærere i faget. Men slik er det ikke.  I spørreundersøkelsen som blir presentert i denne artikkelen oppgir de som utdannet seg til faglærere i design, kunst og håndverk i perioden 2008-2018, at det er vanskelig å få ansettelse i skolen. Og dersom de får jobb i grunnskolen, så viser under­søkelsen at de ofte settes til andre oppgaver enn å undervise i Kunst og håndverk. Når lokale skoleledere unnlater å ansette og bruke kvalifiserte lærere, så får ikke elevene nyte godt av den lærerkompetansen som staten allerede har finansiert utdanningen til.  

Nøkkelord: Kunst og håndverk, lærerutdanning, lærerkompetanse, skoleledere, ansettelse, grunnskolen
The Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation activities and genome analysis of a novel strainStenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol isolated from Mexico
Authors: Elufisan Temidayo O. , Rodríguez-Luna Isabel C. , Oyedara Omotayo Opemipo , Sánchez-Varela Alejandro , Hernández-Mendoza Armando , Dantán Gonzalez Edgar , Paz-González Alma D. , Muhammad Kashif , Rivera Gildardo , Villalobos-Lopez Miguel Angel , Guo Xianwu
Published: January 2020

Background

Stenotrophomonasare ubiquitous gram-negative bacteria, which can survive in a wide range of environments. They can use many substances for their growth and are known to be intrinsically resistant to many antimicrobial agents. They have been tested for biotechnological applications, bioremediation, and production of antimicrobial agents.

Method

Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol was isolated from a crude oil contaminated soil. The capability of this isolate to tolerate and degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as anthraquinone, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, phenanthridine, and xylene was evaluated in Bushnell Hass medium containing PAHs as the sole carbon sources. The metabolites formed after 30-day degradation of naphthalene by Pemsol were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopic (FTIR), Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The genome of Pemsol was also sequenced and analyzed.

Results

Anthraquinone, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and phenanthridine except xylene can be used as sole carbon sources for Pemsol’s growth in Bushnell Hass medium. The degradation of naphthalene at a concentration of 1 mg/mL within 30 days was tested. A newly formed catechol peak and the disappearance of naphthalene peak detected on the UPLC-MS, and GC-MS analyses spectra respectively confirmed the complete degradation of naphthalene. Pemsol does not produce biosurfactant and neither bio-emulsify PAHs. The whole genome was sequenced and assembled into one scaffold with a length of 4,373,402 bp. A total of 145 genes involved in the degradation of PAHs were found in its genome, some of which are Pemsol-specific as compared with other 11Stenotrophomonasgenomes. Most specific genes are located on the genomic islands.Stenotrophomonassp. Pemsol’s possession of few genes that are associated with bio-emulsification gives the genetic basis for its inability to bio-emulsify PAH. A possible degradation pathway for naphthalene in Pemsol was proposed following the analysis of Pemsol’s genome. ANI and GGDH analysis indicated that Pemsol is likely a new species ofStenotrophomonas.It is the first report on a complete genome sequence analysis of a PAH-degradingStenotrophomonas.Stenotrophomonassp. Pemsol possesses features that make it a good bacterium for genetic engineering and will be an excellent tool for the remediation of crude oil or PAH-contaminated soil.
The Effect of Different Phosphorus Doses on the Growth of Pepper Seedling (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Şahin Sezer , Atakli Seda Bice
Published: January 2020

Phosphorus (P) is part of the nucleic acid structure of plants which is responsible for the regulation of protein synthesis. Phosphorus plays a major role in the growth of new tissue and division of cells. Plants perform complex energy transmissions, a function that requires phosphorus. If the value of phosphorus in your land is low, this can be stressed enough. One of the benefits of phosphorus in plants is proper development of the roots and hastening of maturity. Phosphorus is an effective element in root development. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of phosphorus fertilizer on seedling development in seedling production. Amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as fertilizer applications in seedling cultivation affect seedling quality. Effects of different doses phosphorus (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) application on the quality of cucumber seedlings were investigated at in the study. Istek F1 pepper cultivar was used. Macro nutrients were 100 ppm N, 100 ppm K, and the appropriate nutrients were given in the appropriate amount. Phosphorus applications on plant seedlings were effective on the development of vegetative parts of the plant at a statistically significant 1% level. At the end of a 35-day development period, seedling length was measured as 6.56 cm in the control application and 10.7 and 10.4 cm in the 100 and 150 ppm application of phosphorus doses, respectively. Hypocotyl length was 1.58 cm in control application, 1.66 in 50 ppm, 2.02 cm in 100 ppm P and 1.56 cm in 150 ppm application. Leaf number, stem diameter, root height, root weight and leaf wiegt were determined in the study. Phosphorus applications increased the amount of leaf weight and root weight. It was determined that 50 ppm P application was insufficient, ideal results were obtained in between 100 and 150 ppm P application. The ideal seedling for sale is neither too short nor too long. Medium size and good root development is the desired feature in seedlings.
Synthesis and Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide with Neem Extract for Antioxidant Applications
Authors: Perumalsamy R. , Prabhavathi G. , Saravanakkumar D. , Shafeera N. N. , Ayeshamariam A. , Sivabharathy M. , Jayachandran M.
Published: January 2020

Indium tin oxide was prepared by using simple co precipitation method with Neem extract as reducing agent and it was characterized by using X-ray diffractometer, with the applications of antioxidant effect, the prepared sample was directly calcined at 400ºC and then characterized. Morphological studies were analyzed by using Transmission Electron Microscopy and Selective area diffraction pattern. The crystal sizes were calculated and it value is nearly 12 nm. Here, Williamson-Hall (W–H) have been used to investigate the particle size and the intrinsic strain from the XRD peak broadening analysis.
Glans Resurfacing in Carcinoma in situ of the Penis: A Case Report
Authors: Catarino Raquel , Cardoso André , Ferreira Carlos , Pereira Diogo , Correia Tiago , Cerqueira Manuel , Reis Frederico Carmo , Correia-Pinto João , Crisóstomo Raquel , Gama Maria João , Prisco Rui
Published: January 2020

Aims: Penile cancer is an uncommon malignancy in Western countries. There are known premalignant lesions that can progress to invasive penile cancer, namely carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the glans. Treatment options for this disease include topical chemotherapy and laser ablation, but the published literature demonstrates limited efficacy for these approaches. Surgical techniques with penile-preserving approaches are performed with the goal of removing the entire tumor and preserving as much of penis as possible. There are no large, randomized studies comparing treatment options for these lesions, and reports concerning the surgical approaches are scarce.

Presentation of Case: In this study, we present a case report of a patient with CIS of the glans penis surgically treated with glans resurfacing.

Discussion and Conclusions: There were no complications during follow-up, and after 20 months, the patient has no evidence of disease recurrence, has preserved urinary and erectile functions and is currently satisfied with the cosmetic appearance.

CIS treatment with glans resurfacing allows the maintenance penile length and function with a good aesthetic result without compromising oncologic control. This approach also allows an accurate staging of the disease and assessment of the treatment efficacy.
Adolescent male chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) form social bonds with their brothers and others during the transition to adulthood
Authors: Sandel Aaron A. , Langergraber Kevin E. , Mitani John C.
Published: January 2020

Social relationships play an important role in animal behavior. Bonds with kin provide indirect fitness benefits, and those with nonkin may furnish direct benefits. Adult male chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) exhibit social bonds with maternal brothers as well as unrelated adult males, facilitating cooperative behavior, but it is unclear when these bonds develop. Prior studies suggest that social bonds emerge during adolescence. Alternatively, bonds may develop during adulthood when male chimpanzees can gain fitness benefits through alliances used to compete for dominance status. To investigate these possibilities and to determine who formed bonds, we studied the social relationships of adolescent and young adult male chimpanzees (N = 18) at Ngogo in Kibale National Park, Uganda. Adolescent male chimpanzees displayed social bonds with other males, and they did so as often as did young adult males. Adolescent and young adult males frequently joined subgroups with old males. They spent time in proximity to and grooming with old males, although they also did so with their age peers. Controlling for age and age difference, males formed strong association and proximity relationships with their maternal brothers and grooming relationships with their fathers. Grooming bonds between chimpanzee fathers and their adolescent and young adult sons have not been documented before and are unexpected because female chimpanzees mate with multiple males. How fathers recognize their sons and vice versa remains unclear but may be due to familiarity created by relationships earlier in development.
Synergistic Relay Reactions To Achieve Redox‐Neutral α‐Alkylations of Olefinic Alcohols with Ruthenium(II) Catalysis
Authors: Li Chen‐Chen , Kan Jian , Qiu Zihang , Li Jianbin , Lv Leiyang , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: January 2020

Herein, we report a ruthenium‐catalyzed redox‐neutral α‐alkylation of unsaturated alcohols based on a synergistic relay process involving olefin isomerization (chain walking) and umpolung hydrazone addition, which takes advantage of the interaction between the two rather inefficient individual reaction steps to enable an efficient overall process. This transformation shows the compatibility of hydrazone‐type “carbanions” and active protons in a one‐pot reaction, and at the same time achieves the first Grignard‐type nucleophilic addition using olefinic alcohols as latent carbonyl groups, providing a higher yield of the corresponding secondary alcohol than the classical hydrazone addition to aldehydes does. A broad scope of unsaturated alcohols and hydrazones, including some complex structures, can be successfully employed in this reaction, which shows the versatility of this approach and its suitability as an alternative, efficient means for the generation of secondary and tertiary alcohols.
The evolution of health policy in China and internal migrants: Continuity, change, and current implementation challenges
Authors: Zheng Yunting , Ji Ying , Chang Chun , Liverani Marco
Published: January 2020

Rural–urban migration is a defining feature of socio‐economic change in contemporary China. It is estimated that internal migrants in China account for 20% of its population of 1.39 billion, providing manpower to the expanding urban industries. Yet internal migrants have long faced barriers to accessing health and other social services in urban destinations, and the migration process may expose them to novel health risks and inequities. Based on the analysis of policy documents and associated material, this article reviews the historical development of health policy in China in relation to internal migrants, identifying elements of continuity and change in the policy agenda and the ways in which migrants have been framed in policy formulations. Against this background, remaining gaps in the current policy framework and implementation challenges are discussed.
A statistical comparison of the potential intensity index for tropical cyclones over the Western North Pacific
Authors: Yang Lu , Huang Xiao Gang , Fei Jian Fang , Cheng Xiao Ping , Ding Ju Li , Shi Wen Li
Published: January 2020

Potential intensity (PI), an upper thermodynamic limit of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity, is a useful index in TC statistical forecasting. This study evaluated the relationship between the current intensity of TCs and four PI indexes calculated with different sea surface indicators over the Western North Pacific (WNP) from 2009 to 2016. To mirror the degree of sea cooling caused by TCs, three sea surface temperature (SST) indicators (pre‐SST, 80 m depth mean sea temperature, and dynamic mixed mean sea temperature) were compared with real‐time SST obtained from HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) data. The results showed that four versions of PI all overestimated the current intensity of developing TCs. In contrast, when a TC at its strongest or in its weakening stages in a favorable atmospheric environment, pre‐sea conditions were strongly correlated with TC intensity. For strong TCs, the ocean‐coupled PI index was best able to describe TC intensity.