bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Şanlıurfa’da Sokakta Çalışan ve Çalışmayan Çocukların Sağlık Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: KÜÇÜK Abidin , KAHRAMAN Selma
Published: November 2020

Amaç: Çalışma Şanlıurfa’da, sokakta çalışan ve çalışmayan çocukların sağlık durumlarının karşılaştırmalı belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı tipte Şubat-Haziran 2016 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır.Materyal ve metod: Araştırmanın örneklemini çalışan çocuk 52 kişi çalışmayan çocuk 50 kişi olmak üzere toplam 102 lise öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, veri toplama formu ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ölçeği II ile yüz yüze görüşülerek oluşturulmuştur. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistik ve ilişki testi olarak bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve varyans analizi yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ölçeği II toplam puan ortalamasından çalışan çocuklar 110±26.4 alırken, çalışmayan çocuklar 122±25.1 almıştır (p<0.05). Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ölçeği alt boyutu olan beslenmede çalışan çocuklar 17,8±5,3 alırken, çalışmayan çocuklar 20±5 almıştır (p<0.05). Manevi gelişim alt boyutundan çalışan çocuklar 22±5.6 alırken, çalışmayan çocuklar 24.1±4.9 almıştır (p<0.05). Çalışan çocukların yaşı artıkça sağlık sorumluluğu alt boyutu puan ortalamasının yükseldiği görülmüştür (p<0.05). Çalışan erkeklerde manevi gelişim boyutunda kadınlara göre daha olumsuz sağlık davranışları olduğu belirlenmiştir(p<0.05). Okulu sevdiğini belirten çalışan çocukların SYBDÖ-II toplam puan ortalamasının 110±27.8 çıkarken (p>0,05), okulu sevdiğini belirten çalışmayan çocuklarda ise puan ortalaması daha yüksek çıkmıştır (120±23, p<0,05).Sonuç: Sokakta çalışan çocukların sağlık durumu, sokakta çalışmayan çocuklara göre daha olumsuz çıkmıştır. Sağlık durumuna etkileyen önemli faktörlerin, cinsiyet, yaş, okulu sevme durumuna etkilediğini bulunmuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sokakta Çalışan Çocuk, Çalışmayan Çocuk, Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışı, Hemşirelik
Núcleo Docente Estruturante da Enfermagem da UFMG
Authors: Pereira Márcia dos Santos , Baroni Fabíola Carvalho de Almeida Lima , Martins Eunice Francisca , Montenegro Lívia Cozer , Araújo Meiriele Tavares , Rezende Barbara Maximino , Ferreira Ludmila Rodrigues Pinto
Published: November 2020

Trata-se de um relato de experiência, cujo objetivo foi refletir sobre a atuação do Núcleo Docente Estruturante (NDE) do curso de Enfermagem desde sua criação até o primeiro semestre letivo de 2020, momento em que foi anunciada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde a pandemia mundial da doença Covid-19 (Corona Virus Disease). Para tal, utilizou-se a abordagem sociológica da “Análise Institucional”, fundamentada nos conceitos propostos por Castoriadis (1982), Barbier (1985) e Lourau (1995). Observou-se que, até o momento, o tema da “avaliação” foi o mais debatido nas oficinas pedagógicas promovidas pelo NDE. Não restam dúvidas da importância dessas reflexões para a implantação do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso de Enfermagem e no processo de formação permanente dos docentes. Isso representa, ao mesmo tempo, a legitimação da atuação do NDE e um estímulo para que se continue investindo na consolidação das práticas pedagógicas já instauradas por este núcleo na formação dos futuros enfermeiros.
Liquidación de perjuicios materiales en el régimen de privación injusta de la libertad
Authors: Serrano Roa Juan Paulo
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo estudia la Sentencia de Unificación del 18 de julio de 2019, que estableció reglas para el reconocimiento y liquidación de los perjuicios materiales para los casos de privación injusta de la libertad, con base en los conceptos del carácter cierto y personal del daño y de la función reparadora o compensatoria del Estado.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BIOETHANOL PADA BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR SEPEDA MOTOR HONDA VERZA 150 CC (FUEL INJECTION)
Authors: Khusna Miftakhul , Priangkoso Tabah , Darmanto Darmanto
Published: November 2020

Kenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak (BBM) menyebabkan pengguna kendaraan harus melakukan penghematan konsumsi bahan bakar. Pengendara kendaraan bermotor atau pengendara mobil perlu mengetahui jumlah konsumsi BBM pada tiap kecepatan, posisi gigi percepatan, dan jenis bahan bakar agar kendaraan dapat bekerja pada efisiensi yang paling bagus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencampuran bioethanol terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar pada sepeda motor, menggunakan Honda Verza 150 FI dengan bahan bakar Premium, Pertalite, Pertamax, dan Pertamax Turbo dan variasi campuran bioethanol 8%, 10%,12%. Penggunaan jenis bahan bakar, posisi gigi, dan peningkatan kecepatan mempengaruhi konsumsi bahan bakar Pertamax Turbo murni, rata-rata pada semua gigi percepatan mampu menempuh jarak 51,70 Km/L. Pada Pertalite penambahan bioethanol 10% menempuh jarak paling jauh 85,8 Km/L dari 16 variasi bahan bakar yang diuji.

Kata Kunci: bioethanol, jenis BBM kecepatan, laju konsumsi BBM, posisi gigi.
VARIASI JENIS PAHAT TERHADAP TINGKAT KEKERASAN DAN KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN BAJA ST 41 PADA PROSES BUBUT CNC HJ-28
Authors: Margen Sendie Yuliarto , Riyadi Slamet , Nugroho Agung
Published: November 2020

CNC mempunyai ketelitian yang tinggi, ketepatan dimensi, waktu produksi yang lebih efektif, dan produktivitas tinggi. Hasil pengerjaan mesin CNC bergantung pada parameter permesinan, seperti cutting speed, feedrate, depth of cut, material benda, pendinginan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari variasi pahat agar diketahui pahat yang baik selama proses permesinan CNC bubut sehingga mendapatkan setting yang sesuai sehingga menghasilkan kualitas yang baik pada kekasaran permukaan dan kekerasan permukaan. Bahan yang digunakan adalah Baja ST. 41, alat yang digunakan adalah mesin bubut CNC HJ-28 dengan variasi jenis pahat Insert, HSS Bohler, karbida, kemudian Baja ST 41 diproses dengan mesin bubut CNC dengan kecepatan putar spindel (spindle speed) tetap 500 rpm dan gerak pemakanan pahat tetap 50 mm/menit dengan kedalaman 2 mm, kemudian melakukan uji kekasaran permukaan dan kekerasan. Nilai kekasaran pada pahat insert =1,33 µm, pahat HSS Bohler = 1,14 µm, dan pahat karbida = 1,84 µm, pengujian kekasaran pemukaan hasil yang paling halus yaitu pahat HSS Bohler = 1,14 µm sedangkan yang paling kasar yaitu pahat karbida = 1,84 µm. Nilai kekerasan untuk pahat insert = 144 kg/mm², pahat HSS Bohler = 140,33 kg/mm², dan pahat karbida = 140,33 kg/mm². Pengujian kekerasan hasil yang paling keras yaitu pahat insert = 144 kg/mm².

Kata kunci: Variasi jenis pahat, tingkat kekasaran, kekerasan, proses bubut CNC.
PENGARUH SUHU INJECTION MOULDING TERHADAP MINIMALISASI SINK MARKS PADA MATERIAL LIMBAH PLASTIK ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE (ABS)
Authors: Nurhadi Dergo , Purwanto Helmy , Dzulfikar Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Plastik merupakan bahan yang terbentuk dari produk polimerisasi sintetik. acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) merupakan salah satu jenis plastik. ABS dapat dicetak dengan berbagai proses yaitu cetak injeksi, cetak kompresi, ekstrusi, roto moulding, dan thermoforming. Proses injection moulding merupakan teknik yang sering digunakan dalam pembentukan produk berbahan plastik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh temperatur injeksi terhadap cacat sink marks dengan pengujian densitas, uji tarik dan uji struktur makro. Proses injection moulding dilakukan dengan variasi pemanasan menggunakan heater pada temperatur 180°C, 200°C, 220°C, 240°C dan 260°C kemudian diinjeksikan ke dalam cetakan standar ASTM D638 dengan tekanan konstan injeksi 0,68 N/mm2. Sink marks adalah cacat produk berupa penyusutan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi sink marks adalah tekanan, suhu, waktu, dan pendinginan. Hasil pembahasan penelitian ini ada pengaruh suhu injection moulding untuk memperoleh minimum sink marks pada uji densitas, uji tarik dan foto makro.

Kata kunci : acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Injection moulding, sink mars
VISUALISASI PENGARUH SUDUT SERANG DAN KECEPATAN ALIRAN UDARA TERHADAP STALL AIRFOIL NACA 2415 DAN NACA 4424
Authors: Al Faris Muhamad Royan , Priangkoso Tabah , Darmanto Darmanto
Published: November 2020

Airfoil itu sendiri adalah suatu bentuk geometri yang apabila ditempatkan di suatu aliran fluida akan memproduksi gaya angkat (lift) lebih dari gaya hambatan (drag). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memvisualisasi aliran udara melewati airfoil dan pengaruh sudut serang terhadap aliran udara. Jenis airfoil yang di gunakan adalah NACA 2415 dan NACA 4424 dengan sudut serang 0°,5°,10°,15°, 20°,25°, 30°,35°, dan 40° dan dengan kecepatan aliran udara 1.0 m/s, 1.5 m/s, dan 2.0 m/s. Hasil visualisasi memperlihatkan semakin besar sudut serang airfoil maka vortex yang terjadi semakin besar dan wake yang terjadi lebih panjang ke belakang menjauhi airfoil dan di ikuti dengan peningkatan drag yang semakin besar semakin besar kecepatan aliran udara yang melewati airfoil maka separasi akan mulai terlihat pada sudut serang yang paling kecil. semakin besar ukuran airfoil dengan seri yang sama maka semakin besar kecepatan aliran udara yang dibutuhkan

Kata Kunci: airfoil, sudut serang, stall.
ANALISIS KEKUATAN TARIK DAN BENDING KOMPOSIT SERAT KARBON-RESIN DENGAN VARIASI WAKTU CURING DAN SUHU PENAHANAN 80ᴼC
Authors: Sari Eka Dwi Ratna , Respati S.M. Bondan , Nugroho Agung
Published: November 2020

Berkembangnya teknologi industri dibidang otomotif dengan keterbatasan bahan baku material logam yang terkandung di alam mendorong material komposit banyak digunakan dan diaplikasikan dalam produk. Salah satunya adalah dengan memberi perlakuan curing. Curing merupakan proses perlakuan panas terhadap komposit untuk merubah resin memiliki daya ikat tinggi dengan serat ketika komposit telah padat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai kekuatan tarik dan nilai kekuatan bending dari komposit serat karbon dengan resin lycal sebagai polimer yang diberi perlakuan curing pada waktu 1 jam, 1,5 jam, 2jam, 2,5 jam, dan 3 jam dalam penahanan suhu 80ºC. Dalam penelitian ini yang digunakan adalah serat carbon 3K 240GSM resin yang digunakan adalah resin lycal GLR 1011. Komposit dibuat dengan menggunakan metode vacuum, diatas cetakan kaca berukuran 100 cm x 50 cm. Cara pengambilan data adalah dengan melakukan ujian tarik dan bending pada komposit yang sudah di beri perlakuan curing dalam waktu 1 jam, 1,5 jam, 2 jam, 2,5 jam dan 3 jam dengan penahanan suhu 80ᵒC. Dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi pada komposit curing 80ᵒC dengan waktu curing 1,5 jam didapatkan hasil tegangan tarik sebesar 629.799 Mpa yield stress 479.44 Mpa. Sedangkan nilai terendah yaitu pada komposit yang diberi perlakuan suhu curing 80oC dengan waktu curing 2 jam didapatkan hasil tegangan tarik sebesar 420.816 Mpa yield stress 462.212 Mpa. Nilai tegangan bending terbesar pada komposit curing 80ᵒC 1 jam yaitu 840.915 Mpa dan sedangkan nilai tegangan bending terendah di 3 jam sebesar 1008.670 Mpa.

Kata kunci: Komposit, Karbon, Resin, Uji Tarik, Uji Bending
Who Gets to Operate on Herbie? Right to Repair Legislation in the Context of Automated Vehicles
Authors: Huseby Jennifer
Published: November 2020

You bought it, you own it, but do you have the right to repair it? As right-to-repair remains a hot topic in the context of consumer electronics such as smartphones, one must consider the ramifications it may have for the automated vehicle (“AV”) industry. As the backdrop for one of the first legislative victories for right-to-repair, the automobile industry has continued to push for the expansion of right-to-repair to cover increased access to telematics and exceptions to proprietary software controls. However, as we revisit the issue for more highly connected and automated vehicles, it is important to assess the unique considerations of the AV sector before we can transpose previously learned lessons into a new, nearly unpredictable context.

As such, this article examines a possible framework that addresses the technical and privacy concerns that uniquely arise when applying right-to-repair legislation to AVs. By attempting to predict on how previously learned lessons may influence action going forward, this article hopes to influence the right-to-repair discourse that will arise between manufacturers, consumers, and independent repair technicians for AVs.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF SPECIFIC ANTIBODY SYNTHESIS IN BRAIN OF PATIENTS WITH NEUROINFECTIONS
Authors: Dyachenko Pavel , Filchakov Igor , Dyachenko Anatoly , Kurhanskaya Victoria
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Viral encephalitis accounts for 40-70% of all cases worldwide, central nervous system infections pose a diagnostic challenge because clinical manifestations are not typically pathognomonic for specific pathogens, and a wide range of agents can be causative.
The aim: To assess the diagnostic value of intrathecal synthesis of specific antibodies in patients with inflammatory lesions of the central nervous system.
Materials and methods: Within the framework of the study, two groups of 90 people in each were formed from the patients with neuroinfections admitted to our Center.
Intrathecal synthesis (ITS) of total (unspecific) IgG in members of one of group (group of compare) was determined. Brain synthesis of specific antibodies (Ab) to some neurotropic pathogens (herpes simplex virus 1/2, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella zoster virus, rubella virus, Borrelies) was studied in the second group of patients (group of interest). There were no statistically significant differences between groups by gender and age. Encephalitis and encephalomyelitis prevailed among patients of both groups
Results: ITS of total IgG was established in 30 (33.3 ± 6.1 %) patients of the first group with IgG index more than 0.6 indicating on inflammatory process in CNS and no marked
changes of CSF. ITS of specific Ab was determined in 23 of 90 (25.6 ± 4.6 %) patients included into group of interest. In more than half of cases Ab to several infectious agents were detected simultaneously. ITS of various specificity, in particular, to measles and rubella viruses, and VZV, known as MRZ-reaction, is characteristic of some autoimmune lesions of CNS, multiple sclerosis first of all. In fact, further research of 5 patients with MRZ-reaction confirmed their autoimmune failure of CNS. Detection of ITS in the CSF samples didn’t depend on concentration of specific Ab in serum and CSF and wasn’t followed by HEB dysfunctions which were observed with the same frequency in patients with or without ITS (13.0 % and 13.6 % respectively).
Conclusion: Specific Ab synthesis to several neurotropic pathogens in the CSF of significant part of examined patients was established. Thus, diagnostic value of ITS of specific immunoglobulins seems to be limited to cases in which autoimmune damage of the CNS is suspected.
LOCAL RECURRENCES AFTER THE TREATMENT OF SOFT TISSUE MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA (UNCLASSIFIEDPLEOMORPHIC SARCOMA) OF THE LIMBS
Authors: Lytvynenko Oleksandr O. , Konovalenko Volodymyr F. , Ryzhov Anton Yu.
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The treatment of patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma as well as other soft tissue sarcomas is not sufficiently effective up to date, and has largely changed and reflects the alterations, occurred in oncology as a whole. The number of amputation decreased over the last 10-15 years. Some researchers associate the improvement of treatment outcomes with the development of combined and complex methods.
The aim of the study is an improvement of the results of treatment of patients with soft tissue malignant histiocytoma on the basis of determination of factors, influencing
local recurrence development.
Materials and methods: The basis of our study was a comprehensive analysis of examination and treatment results of 130 patients with MFH of the soft tissue of limbs, of them in 84 patients (64.6%) the recurrences developed. The group included 45 (53.6%) males and 39 (46.4%) females. The major part of patients – 82.1% (60 patients) were older than 40 years.
Results and conclusions: The number of recurrences after the treatment in general surgical facilities is 86.9%, whereas in the patients after the treatment in the specialized oncological facilities this figure is twice lower (40%). The characteristic of the medical facility where the patient receives his/her primary treatment largely affects the development of local recurrences, patients’ quality of life and overall survival rates.
The surgical method remains the leading modality in the treatment of MFH of ST. Wide and radical excision of tumors in the specialized oncological facilities allows achieving
better survival outcomes of the patients.
THE ROLE OF ADIPOSE TISSUE WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON CYTOKINES IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF NEOPLASTIC DISEASES
Authors: Warakomski Jakub , Siemińska Lucyna
Published: November 2020

Carcinogenesis leading mechanism are hugely complex. In paper there is show current state of knowledge about different pathophysiological links among adipose tissue,
carcinogenesis and some clinical findings.
«Jesteśmy zbieraniną, pospolitym ruszeniem dobrego i złego»: Manuela Gretkowska zakłada Partię Kobiet
Authors: Waligóra Katarzyna
Published: November 2020

Artykuł jest próbą przyjrzenia się Partii Kobiet założonej przez pisarkę i publicystkę, Manuelę Gretkowską w 2007 z perspektywy żenującego kobiecego performansu – wystąpienia jednocześnie emancypacyjnego i budzącego konsternację wśród jego odbiorców. Przedstawiono moment powstania partii i przeanalizowano warunki społeczno-polityczne jej zaistnienia oraz trudności, które od początku napotykały działaczki organizacji. Omówiono też reakcje medialne towarzyszące tworzeniu i działalności Partii Kobiet. Autorka stawia tezę, że porażka wyborcza, jaką ostatecznie poniosła inicjatywa Manueli Gretkowskiej, związana była z dążeniem do wygaszenia żenującego performansu i pójściem na daleko idące kompromisy światopoglądowe. Dowodzi, że w przypadku Partii Kobiet ważniejszy niż program polityczny był imperatyw działania, który miał pchnąć kobiety do upolitycznienia swoich potrzeb.
W stronę archiwum-kłącza: Aneta Klassenberg
Authors: Kościelniak Marcin
Published: November 2020

Tekst jest poświęcony projektowi Katarzyny Kalwat Maria Klassenberg, przede wszystkim jego najważniejszej dotychczas odsłonie, Ekstazy. Tytułowa bohaterka reprezentuje artystki lat siedemdziesiątych, które nie weszły do kanonu sztuki. Autor umieszcza projekt w horyzoncie twórczości reżyserki i innych pokrewnych prac z pola zwrotu historiograficznego. Problematyzacji podlega kształt kobiecej genealogii, którą Kalwat buduje za pomocą kontrfaktycznego archiwum. Podstawę metodologiczną stanowi koncepcja archiwum rozumianego (za Foucaultem i Derridą) jako praktyki dyskursywne. Skoro archiwum wytwarza i zarazem jest wytworem kultury patriarchalnej, autor zastanawia się, w jaki sposób i do jakiego stopnia archiwum kontrfaktyczne Kalwat łamie reguły wypowiadalności. Refleksję umożliwia i komplikuje włączenie do analizy Archiwum Marii Klassenberg 1970–1980, na które składają się filmy wideo i fotografie wyprodukowane na użytek projektu przez Anetę Grzeszykowską. Szansę wyjścia poza patriarchalną logikę archiwum autor dostrzega w procesualnym, rozłożonym pomiędzy kolejnymi odsłonami charakterze projektu, rozwijającego się od teatru do performansu.
The Role of Perceived Fit in the Tourist Destination Choice
Authors: Tojib Dewi , Tsarenko Yelena , Hin Ho Ting , Tuteja Geetu , Rahayu Sri
Published: November 2020

As tourism has significant economic and employment impacts, many countries promote new tourist destinations. However, few researchers have examined the mechanisms that influence tourists' decisions to visit these newly offered destinations, particularly those not yet in tourists' evoked
set. Drawing upon the push–pull framework and perceived fit theory, this research fills this gap by means of two experimental studies. Study 1 findings show that high perceived fit between travel motivations and destination image positively influences the intention to choose the new
destination, and this effect is mediated by the perceived attractiveness of the destination. The findings from Study 2 indicate that the support of the destination community plays a moderating role in this mediating effect. In particular, the perceived attractiveness of the new destination
is stronger and leads to the choosing intention only when the local community shows substantial support for the tourism development. Theoretically, perceived fit theory is applied in this research to better understand how the interplay between push and pull factors can explain tourist destination
choice. Managerially, the findings can be used by destination marketers to implement effective support strategies when promoting newly launched tourist destinations.
The Effect of Shalat Movement on the Down Back Flexibility in Boarding School Students
Authors: Febriana Fitria , Eka Febri Zulissetiana
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Flexibility is one component of body fitness needed for daily activities, such as bending, running, and walking. Human flexibility significantly increases in childhood and reaches its peak in adolescence. One of the exercises related to increasing lower back flexibility is stretching exercise in the form of Islamic prayers five times a day. This study was conducted to know the effect of stretching exercise on lower back flexibility in students age 12-15 years. This research is analytical observational research with a cross-sectional design using proportionate stratified random sampling. The subject of the research is 70 students of the Islamic school and 70 students of public school in Kota Palembang. Lower back flexibility is measured by the Sit and Reach Test. The Mann-Whitney Test analyzed data. There is a significant difference between lower back flexibility of Islamic school that do stretching exercise and lower back flexibility of public school that does not include stretching exercise (p = 0,000). Stretching exercise in the form of Islamic prayer increases lower back flexibility.
THE EFFECT OF MEDIUM INTENSITY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: R.A. Tanzila  , Ni Made Elva Mayasari  , Maso Dita Azzahra
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

 

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that increased every year and caused many complications. There are four pillars in the management of DM, namely education, nutrition, pharmacology and physical training. According to PERKENI, physical exercise for people with DM can be done 3-4x/week with a duration of 30 minutes. This study aims to determine the effect of exercise moderate activities carried out by Diabetes Mellitus in Muhammadiyah Hospital Palembang on blood sugar levels at a time. This study uses a quasi-experimental method with a total sample of 30 people who were obtained by total sampling. The research data was taken by checking blood sugar before and after physical activity with aerobic type, which is done 1x/week for four weeks by using Easy Touch GCU. Wilcoxon test results found a p-value of 0.285 which means moderate exercise activities carried out by people with diabetes in Palembang Muhammadiyah Hospital which is carried out once a week for four weeks does not affect blood sugar levels at the time.
Distribution of Wages
in the Regions of the Czech Republic
Authors: Lajtkepová Eva
Published: November 2020

Regions as higher territorial self-governing units were established in the Czech Republic
on the basis of Constitutional Act No. 347/1997 Coll. Their territory was delimited by
the territory of the listed districts. The regions show various differences in social,
demographic, but naturally also economic development. The text focuses on differences
in the development of wages, covering the period of 2011–2018. Wages in all regions
were growing in these years, but this growth was not uniform: the lowest wages (the 1st
decile wages) were growing most, the highest wages (the 9th decile wages) showed the
lowest growth. Four groups (clusters) of regions were identified by the cluster analysis
according to the typical development of the lowest and the highest wages. In these
groups, we focused on typical factors of the wage level formation: the economic level
(measured as GDP per capita), the unemployment rate and the educational level (the
share of the population with basic and university education). The results of the correlation
analysis showed a moderate direct relationship between the economic level and the 9th
decile wages, a moderate to strong indirect dependence between the low wages of the
1st decile and the unemployment rate, but the results of the correlation analysis between
the variables the educational level and wages were not very conclusive.
Predatory and Alternative Hedonism – Better Later than Now?
Authors: Roubal Ondřej , Wawrosz Petr
Published: November 2020

Hedonistic ethos is to intensify in the environment of consumer culture and in the
atmosphere of unlimited consumerism, intentionally supported by market mechanisms.
The value patterns of hedonistic life style are defined by experience motivations,
excitement, sensual pleasures, delight, self-satisfaction, intensive need for emotional
stimulations, present-time orientation or accelerated pace of life. It is considered identical
with radical inclination towards individualization life practices, rapidly growing egoism and
narcissistic tendencies confirming the meaning of one’s own existence. Life philosophy of
independence, non-determination and “inner orientation” logically leads to the application
of such life strategies that can support and develop this attitude to life. Predatory hedonism
focusing on the values of pleasurable experience requires mobility, ﬂexibility and variability;
it refuses to accept stability and obligations, i.e. anything that could tie and restrict life
movement focusing on the ﬂeeting and shifting world of experiences. It is a life “without
ties”, unpredictable, unsettled, wild and impulsive. Hedonistic life style oriented towards
consumer values, however, meets with frequent social, ecological and ethical criticism.
There is room for discussion related to the alternative model of hedonism based on more
responsible and well-considered approach towards consumption and voluntary modesty,
which shall eventually enhance the sense of personal happiness and general satisfaction
with life. Ethical consumption, as part of fulfilling the idea of alternative hedonism, may
become an attractive objective of this lifestyle, based on a non-ascetic, but socially and
environmentally friendly, way of life. The alternative hedonism is further compared with
ideas of economics of productive consumption and with development of financial market.
Kaitinamojo tabako ir įprastų cigarečių aerozolio kenksmingumo palyginimas
Authors: Valiūtė Silvija Valdonė , Leonavičius Rytis
Published: November 2020

Tyrimo tikslas. Palyginti kaitinamojo tabako aerozolio ir įprastų cigarečių kenksmingumą. Tyrimo metodas. Atlikta 17 mokslinių darbų, kuriuose buvo nagrinėta kaitinamojo tabako aerozolių ir cigarečių dūmų sudėtis, analizė. 11 nagrinėtų mokslinių straipsnių buvo apie kaitinamojo tabako aerozolio ir cigarečių dūmų sudėtį. Šešiuose moksliniuose darbuose tirtas pasyvus rūkymas naudojant kaitinamąjį tabaką ir įprastas cigaretes. Išvados. 2020 m. lieposmėn. FDA pripažino IQOS® kaip antrąjįmodifikuotos rizikos tabako gaminį, be to, tai pirmasis elektroninis nikotino produktas, kuris laikomasmažiau kenksmingu sveikatai, jo sudėtyje yramažiau kenksmingų medžiagų arba jų iš viso nėra lyginant su cigaretėmis. Išskiriamų kenksmingų ir galimai kenksmingųmedžiagų kiekiai buvo gerokaimažesni lyginant su įprastomis cigaretėmis. Taip pat nikotino koncentracija aplinkoje naudojant THS 2.2, buvo gerokai mažesnė nei orientacinė 500mg/m3 profesinio poveikio ribinė vertė pagal ES normatyvus. Tačiau tikslinga atlikti išsamesnius tyrimus siekiant išsiaiškinti kenksmingų ir galimai kenksmingų medžiagų ribinį slenkstį įkvėpti ir esantį aplinkoje, kurį peržengus sukeliamas neigiamas poveikis sveikatai.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF 3-HYDROXYFUNCTIONALIZED C4-C8 ALIPHATIC CARBOXYLIC ACID FROM GLUCOSE THROUGH INVERTED FATTY ACID BETA- OXIDATION PATHWAY BY RECOMBINANT ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINS
Authors: Skorokhodova A. , Debabov V.
Published: November 2020

The feasibility of the biosynthesis from glucose of 3-hydroxyfunctionalized C4-C8 carboxylates upon the reversal of the fatty acid beta-oxidation in recombinant Escherichia coli strains has been demonstrated.
NOVEL VACCINIA VIRUS RECOMBINANT FOR HUMAN SOLID TUMORS THERAPY – PRECLINICAL TRIALS RESULTS
Authors: Koval O. , Kochneva G. , Richter V.
Published: November 2020

A double recombinant vaccinia virus VV-GMCSF-Lact, producing human GM-CSF and oncotoxic protein lactaptin, was constructed. Preclinical studies of VV-GMCSF-Lact as an antitumor drug for human solid tumors therapy were successfully completed. The drug is recommended for clinical trials.
PROBE MICROSCOPY IN RESEARCH OF VIRUSES
Authors: Yaminsky I.
Published: November 2020

Probe microscopy allows obtaining unique data on the viruses local physic-mechanical properties, while the preparation procedure, unlike other methods, is simple and does not require additional reagents. With the help of scanning probe microscopy, it is possible to obtain high resolution - up to 1 angstrom.
VITAL MORPHOMETY OF RBC IN THEIR INTERACTION WITH STRESS HORMONES
Authors: Deryugina A. , Ignatiev P. , Metelin V. , Belov A. , Petrov V.
Published: November 2020

The possibility to use the laser interference microscopy in order to assess the RBCs morphology in normal state and in interaction with cortisol and adrenalin as stress hormones was studied. It was established that the laser interference microscopy represented an important instrument permitting to receive the information about physiological state of the RBCs as well as of the organism in the whole in extreme condition. New aspects of cortisol and adrenalin impact on the RBC morphology are defined
THE NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION SEQUENCE OF A MASSIVELY SYNTHESIZED PROTEIN DRAMATICALLY INCREASES PLANT VIRUS REPRODUCTION
Authors: Sheshukova E. , Ershova N. , Dorokhov Y.
Published: November 2020

Superproduction of the foreign proteins containing a nuclear localization signal, for example, bacterial nucleomodulins, in the plant cell induces the accumulation of mRNA of the γ-thionin gene and stimulates the reproduction of plant cytoplasmic viruses.
OBTAINING AND APPLICATION IN IMMUNOANALYTIC SYSTEMS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES WITH BRANCHED MORPHOLOGY ("NANOFLOWERS")
Authors: Petrakova A. , Byzova N. , Zherdev A. , Dzantiev B.
Published: November 2020

Preparations of gold nanoparticles of branched morphology, "nanoflowers", and their conjugates with antibodies were obtained by two-stage synthesis methods. The application of "nanoflowers" in immunochromatographic analysis is considered, their comparison with the traditionally used spherical nanoparticles is carried out; the advantages of "nanoflowers" are characterized.
PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF ASTROCYTE CELL LINE BEFORE AND AFTER CO-COCULTIVATION WITH RATTUS NORVEGICUS GLIOMA C6 CELLS
Authors: Chernysheva A. , Pobeguts O. , Nosyrev A. , Pavlova G. , Gurina O.
Published: November 2020

We perfomed panoramic proteomic analysis of rat C6 glioma cells, native rat astrocytes and rat astrocytes co- cultivated with C6 glioma cell line. Based on the data, a putative model was present for the diagnostic differentiation of normal rat astrocytes from C6 glioma cells.
STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT NATURE CARRIERS ON IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF IMMOBILIZED THYROGLOBULIN MONOCLONAL AUTO ANTIBODIES
Authors: Zubkov A. , Stanishevskiy Ya.
Published: November 2020

The modulating influence of nanocarriers of different nature (gold, silver, polymer microspheres) on immunological properties of monoclonal autoantibodies to the main protein of thyroid gland - thyroglobulin in the designed conjugate system "nanocarrier-antibodies" has been studied.
ENCAPSULATION OF ANTITUMOR COPPER COMPLEX INTO LIPOSOMES
Authors: Vlasova K. , Krasnovskaya O. , Klyachko N.
Published: November 2020

To encapsulate a new copper coordination compound drug for triple-negative breast cancer treatment we have developed a new approach. The obtained liposomal suspension is stable up to 2 weeks; successful complex loading is confirmed spectrophotometrically and can be quantified by HPLC.
A PROMISING UNIVERSAL ANTIGEN FOR THE NEW GENERATION VACCINE
AGAINST ROTAVIRUS
Authors: Evtushenko E. , Ryabchevskaya E. , Skurat E. , Ivanov P. , Kondakova O. , Nikitin N. , Karpova O.
Published: November 2020

The present work is concerned with development of recombinant antigen for the vaccine prototype. The vaccine is going to be effective against a wide range of rotaviruses. Antigen VP8+875x6 was developed on the basis of VP8 protein. It also includes several neutralizing epitopes from rotaviral proteins VP8, VP5 and VP7.
DEVELOPMENT OF STABLE ANTHRAX ANTIGEN FOR PLANT VIRUS-BASED VACCINE
Authors: Ryabchevskaya E. , Evtushenko E. , Nikitin N. , Kondakova O. , Ivanov P. , Karpova O.
Published: November 2020

A stable genetically modified recombinant anthrax antigen containing 3rd and 4th Bacillus anthracis protective antigen domains has been obtained. Complexes of this antigen with structurally modified plant virus particles are a perspective basis for a new generation anthrax vaccine development.
DEPENDENCE OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF FUNGICID FOR SEED TREATMENT ON PARTICLE SIZE
Authors: Elinevskaya L. , Pavlov V. , Kienskaya K. , Kuskov A.
Published: November 2020

Wheat seeds were treated with suspensions of tebuconazole with different particle sizes which were obtained by wet-milling method. Mycological studies and quantitative determination of mycotoxin by HPLC were carried out. The dependence of antifungal activity on the particle size in the preparation is shown.
AN EFFICIENCY COMPARISON OF CLARIFYING FILTERS DURIG THE HARVEST OF CHO CELL CULTURE FLUID
Authors: Lobanova N. , Trusova I. , Kholodova A. , Marygin R. , Seregin Yu.
Published: November 2020

The turbidity of the culture fluid (CF) and the volume of clarified CF obtained by using nine different filters with the same area (25 cm2) and their combinations were compared.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE BINDING EFFICIENCY OF TUMOR- TARGETING PHAGE PARTICLES INTO CANCER CELLS AND HEALTH BRAIN CELLS
Authors: Voitova A. , Dmitrieva M. , Richter V. , Kuligina E.
Published: November 2020

The binding efficiency of tumor-targeting phage particles, obtained by phage display, into human glioma cell line U-87 MG and health brain cells was evaluated by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Based on the obtained data, tumor-targeting phage particles that provide the most efficient binding to human glioma cells U-87 MG in vitro are selected for further studies.
BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF BIOSYNTHETIC GENE CLUSTERS OF NONRIBOSOMAL PEPTIDES IN BACTERIA BASED ON PREDICTION OF GENE TRANSLATION ELONGATION EFFICIENCY
Authors: Klimenko A. , Lashin S. , Afonnikov D.
Published: November 2020

We have found out that those two classes of bacteria whose genomes contain and do not contain biosynthetic gene clusters of nonribosomal peptide synthetases substantially differentiate in preferred evolutionary strategies for optimizing primary structure of their gene coding sequences.
ENGINEERING OF BIOSYNTHESIS STAGE OF BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE USING МEDUSOMYCES GISEVII SA-12
Authors: Skiba Е. , Gladysheva Е. , Shavyrkina N. , Pavlov I. , Mironova G. , Kashcheyeva Е. , Gismatulina Yu. , Korchagina А. , Sitnikova A. , Golubev D. , Shilov A. , Kuznetsov P. , Sakovich G.
Published: November 2020

The extended cultivation with metabolite extraction and the cyclic cultivation of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) have, for the first time, been examined herein. The biosynthesis of BNC has been scaled up in a 440-L vessel, which is currently the largest scale-up in the world practice.
FIBROUS MATERIALS POSSESING PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OWING TO METAL PARTICLES AND HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES INTRODUCED INTO THEM
Authors: Zavialova N. , Lyagin I. , Frolov G. , Zavialov V. , Aslanli A. , Stepanov N. , Gorelenkov V.
Published: November 2020

The study is aimed at developing new types of composite fibrous materials that provide chemical and biological protection due to the introduction of metal nanoparticles and/ or enzymatic biocatalysts into them.
HIGHER PLANTS AS PRODUCERS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS LABELED WITH STABLE DEUTERIUM ISOTOPES
Authors: Aronova E.
Published: November 2020

The results show the seeds of some higher plant species, in particular beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and turnip rap (Brassica rapa L.), are capable of high germination ability in environments containing 99.9% deuterium oxide. These plant species can be used as producers for the biosynthetic production of deuterium-labeled organic compounds
UTILIZATION OF MILK AND ANIMAL FAT BY MICROORGANISMS – POTENTIAL PRODUCERS OF LIPASES AND ESTERASES
Authors: Ivasenko D. , Bukhtiyarova P. , Antsiferov D. , Frank Y.
Published: November 2020

Analysis of fatty acid composition in liquid culture media after lipophilic bacterial strains cultivation was carried out. Pure cultures were earlierisolated from fat-containing wastes and cultivated on media with diverse fat sources. It was shown that microorganisms hydrolyze animal and milk fats to free fatty acids.
MECHANICAL STUDY OF INTEGRATION OF OSTEOPLASTIC BIOMATERIALS
ON A MODEL OF CRITICAL-SIZE CRANIAL DEFECTS IN MICE
Authors: Makisimkin A. , Senatov F. , Chubrik A. , Strukova N. , Generalova M. , Krivozubov M. , Nikitin K. , Orlova P. , Grunina T. , Poponova M. , Lunin V. , Karyagina A.
Published: November 2020

A method for investigating the integration of implants on a model of critical-size cranial defects using push-out method has been developed.
SYNTHETIC BIOMATERIALS FOR RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY WITH THE ADDITION OF BMP-2 AND ERYTHROPOIETIN
Authors: Senatov F. , Chubrik A. , Zimina A. , Strukova N. , Krivozubov M. , Generalova M. , Ryazanova A. , Nikitin K. , Orlova P. , Grunina T. , Poponova M. , Lunin V. , Karyagina A.
Published: November 2020

Synthetic materials based on Ultra-High Molecular Weight PolyEthylene (UHMWPE), PolyEtherEtherKetone (PEEK) and PolyLActide (PLA) with the addition of recombinant bone growth factor BMP-2 and erythropoietin have been developed, which have high biocompatibility and osteoinductive properties.
THE FIRST ASSESMENT OF THE ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ACTINOBACTERIA ASSOSIATED WITH BAIKAL ENDEMIC AMPHIPODS
Authors: Pereliaeva E. , Morgunova M. , Belyshenko A. , Timofeev M. , Axenov-Gribanov D.
Published: November 2020

The study obtained the first materials confirming the hypothesis that actinobacteria associated with Baikal endemic amphipods can be oxyphils and synthesize new natural compounds with antioxidant activity.
BIOSYNTHESIS AND FUNCTIONALIZATION OF BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Gismatulina Yu. , Korchagina A. , Gladysheva E. , Budaeva V.
Published: November 2020

This study aimed at scale-up the biosynthesis of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) and its functionalization with the production of cellulose nitrates (CNs).
APPLICATION OF A MULTICOMPONENT UGI REACTION FOR SYNTHESIS OF LIPOPHILIC POLYAMINES
Authors: Maslov M.
Published: November 2020

A synthesis scheme was developed and derivatives of lipophilic polyamines were synthesized using the sacrificial Ugi reaction.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF POLYHEXAMETHYLENE GUANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Stelmakh S. , Grigor’eva M. , Garkusheva N. , Mognonov D. , Batoev V.
Published: November 2020

N-phenyl- and N-octyl-substituted derivatives of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity against nosocomial infections was determined.
HORSE MILK EXOSOMES – PERSCEPTIVE AGENTS FOR TARGET DELIVERY
Authors: Kuleshova A. , Nevinsky G.
Published: November 2020

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 40-100 nm. Exosomes are found in many body fluids, including milk. Milk is a unique source of exosomes since the collection of this biological fluid is non-invasive, and animals can produce several liters of milk per day. Cow's milk cannot be used to isolate biologically active components with therapeutic potential due to the risk of transmission of prion diseases. In this regard, horse milk is a unique source of exosomes that can be used for targeted delivery.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF WAMP ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PLANT PROTECTION AGENTS
Authors: Istomina E. , Korostyleva T. , Scherbakova L. , Odintsova T.
Published: November 2020

Analysis of the relationship between the structure and function of hevein-like antimicrobial WAMP peptides will serve as a theoretical basis for the development of new biopesticides and drug prototypes based on simpler WAMP derivatives.
BIOCORROSION OF POLYETHYLENE-BASED POLYGUANIDINE-CONTANING COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Gerasin V. , Sivov N. , Zhurina М. , Bogdanov K. , Plakunov V. , Kaung Myint A.
Published: November 2020

Characteristics of biofilm formation on the surface of polyethylene composite material were studied. It was shown that guanidine-based biocidal compounds are capable of selectively inhibiting the growth of biofilms for some microorganisms, without affecting the initial stages of adhesion.
WOUND DRESSINGS BASED ON BACTERIAL CELLULOSE: PREPARATION, PROPERTIES AND USE
Authors: Shishatskaya E.
Published: November 2020

Polymer wound dressings based on bacterial cellulose, including those loaded with antibacterial drugs and silver nanoparticles, were produced and comprehensively studied. Regenerative properties of the experimental wound dressings were tested using laboratory animals with model defects of suppurating wounds and third-degree skin burns.
Asiodonus lobanovi Legalov & Reshetnikov, a new species of the tribe Hyperini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Altai (Western Siberia)
Authors: Legalov Andrei A. , Reshetnikov Sergei V.
Published: November 2020

A new species, Asiodonus lobanovi Legalov & Reshetnikov, sp. nov. from Altai is described and illustrated. It is similar to A. herteshensis (Legalov, 2008) but differs in the scapus not reaching eyes, wider elytral and pronotal scales bifid at apex, more elongated elytra, narrower rostrum, partially reddish-brown antennae, distinctly pointed and curved aedeagus
वा᭨मीᳰक रामायण म ᱶपरुाक᭨पन
Authors: Patel Sureshbhai
Published: November 2020

भारतीय सं᭭कृ त सािह᭜यकᳱ शुᱧआत वैᳰदक सािह᭜य से होती है। ऋ᭏वेद आᳰद वेदᮢयी,
ᮩाᳬण ᮕंथ, आर᭛यक ᮕंथ और उपिनषद्। इस ᮧकार यह सब वैᳰदक सािह᭜यके ᱨप मᱶ जाना
जाता है । इसके अलावा अ᭠य सािह᭜य को ᮧिश᳥ या लौᳰकक सं᭭कृ त सािह᭜यके ᱨप म जाना ᱶ
जाता है । लौᳰकक सं᭭कृत सािह᭜यकᳱ शुᱧआत आᳰदकिव वा᭨मीᳰक ᳇ारा रिचत रामायण से
होती है। िजसेबालका᭛ड आᳰद सात का᭛डᲂ म िवभािजत ᱶ ᳰकया गया ह।ै
िव᭄ानके इस युग मᱶ, वा᭭तिवक ि᭭थित कᳱ खोज एक ही शोध का मु᭎य ल᭯य बन गया है,
इसके बारे म कई अटकल ᱶ और कहािनयां थी ᱶ । उनसे पहले, िव᭄ान कᳱ उ᮫ ने उ᭠ह एक ᱶ
ि᭭थर िसतारा बना ᳰदया था । ताᳰक पᳯरक᭨पनाᲐ पर संदेह हो । ऐसी कहािनयाँᳰक िजनमᱶ
व᭛यᭅिवषय, चᳯरᮢ, घटनाएँ आᳰद को भौितक िव᭄ानकᳱ दिृ᳥कोण से िस᳍ नहᱭ ᳰकया जा
सकता है। उनके अ᭟ययनका ᭟यान आलोचनाकᳱ ओर गया और ऐसेअ᭟ययनके ᭃᮢे को 'िमथ'
या 'िमथक' के ᱨप मᱶजाना जाता ह।
Maintaining Numerical Positivity in Strong Magnetized Astrophysical Shocks
Authors: Toh Y. H. , Wise John H.
Published: November 2020

Riemann solvers play a vital role in fluid dynamics simulations. Extreme cases, however, can generate artificially negative pressures and magnetic monopoles, destabilizing the solver. Here we couple the numerical scheme of Waagan that maintains positivity with the constrained transport method to solve the magnetohydrodynamics equations. This extends the applicability of the Waagan scheme to a wider range of problems, especially with large density and pressure gradients that occur widely in astrophysical problems.
Mandated internationalism: Sino-Soviet friendship 1949-1956
Authors: Knight John M.
Published: November 2020

The Sino-Soviet Friendship Association (SSFA) was China's largest mass organisation of the 1950s. Whether it was marking events on the socialist calendar, showing films, holding lectures, or arranging worker competitions, the SSFA had an inescapable presence in public life. Invariably,
the Soviet Union was presented as China's benevolent 'elder brother,' guiding it to modernity. By taking part in SSFA activities, Chinese were interpellated into a discourse that legitimated communist rule and defined their nation, world, and future. Yet, even within such a top-down, closed
discursive system, there remained room for the inquisitive to form authentic friendships with their foreign Other. In addition to examining internal documents and public activities of the Shanghai and Beijing branches of the SSFA, this essay covers three rounds of pen-pal exchanges between
Lu Shuqin and 'Natasha,' young women workers from Beijing and Moscow. Rather than adhering to the expected inner-socialist bloc hierarchy, their letters reveal an egalitarian cosmopolitanism. When read against China's state-sponsored narrative of 'elder' and 'younger' brother, these pen-pal
letters complicate and expand the discourse of Sino-Soviet friendship, showing how the mandated internationalism of the 1950s interacted with the self-directed behaviours of socialist individuals.
Competing visions of anti-communism in interwar Germany: Catholic and Nazi portrayals of the 'Judeo-Bolshevik' threat
Authors: Hastings Derek
Published: November 2020

This article explores the antisemitic and anti-communist ideas put forward by Catholic publicists and early Nazi activists in the aftermath of the First World War. The paper argues that one of the keys to the success of the early Nazi movement was its ability to weave together distinct,
and potentially competing, strands of anti-Bolshevik imagery into a potent blend that appealed particularly to disillusioned Catholics in Munich, thus helping helping the movement survive its tumultuous infancy.
Eric Hobsbawm's dialectical materialism in the postwar period 1946-56
Authors: Bonfanti Andrea
Published: November 2020

This article aims to demonstrate that Eric Hobsbawm was a dialectical materialist. It considers what dialectical materialism meant for him by analysing four prominent characteristics of Hobsbawm's Marxist study of history found in his writings between 1946 and 1956. That class-struggle
analysis was the primary analytical lens for Hobsbawm is the major claim that this work challenges. Hobsbawm's thinking was guided by dialectical materialism, which was a scientific outlook based on analysis. It always accounted for unpredictable human agency and, though economic factors played
the principal role in the development of history, this study rejects the claim that Hobsbawm was a mechanical determinist. Further, dialectical materialism aimed at fostering the socialist revolution, with its ultimate goal being to overcome struggle and reach unity.
Estrategias de estimulación para evitar el incremento de progesterona en fase folicular y de rescate cuando se aprecia su incremento
Authors:   HM Fertility Center, Bruna Catalán Isidoro , Morraja Nadal Judith ,   HM Fertility Center Puerta del Sur, Vespa Hidalgo Antonio Javier ,   HM Fertility Center Puerta del Sur
Published: November 2020

En el momento actual, aún desconocemos si el incremento tardío de P folicular es causa o consecuencia. La definición de «progesterona elevada» y los niveles críticos de corte son inconsistentes en la literatura. La explicación más plausible de este incremento reside en que los folículos con una mayor expresión de receptores de LH, debida a una alta exposición a la FSH durante la estimulación ovárica, se muestran «hipersensibles» al trigger ovulatorio, lo que resulta en altos niveles circulantes de P en fase folicular tardía y en un avance endometrial que determina peores resultados reproductivos. Para evitarlo, resulta fundamental evitar la sobreestimulación ovárica con FSH al final de la fase folicular aplicando protocolos de step‑down, así como no demorar el trigger ovulatorio más allá de folículos ≥16-17 mm. El efecto deletéreo endometrial de la elevación de la P es más manifiesto cuando la transferencia de embriones se realiza en el estadio de células en comparación con la etapa de blastocisto.