bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spread of orthodoxy among the kalmyks in the late 17 – first half of the 18th century: cultural-historical analysis
Authors: Yakunin Vadim N.
Published: April 2022

The paper analyzes the process of spreading Orthodoxy among the Kalmyks at the end of the 17th – the first half of the 18th century and their resettlement in the city of Stavropol, specially founded for these purposes. It is argued that the resettlement of Kalmyks to new lands and their Christianization was a matter of state policy, which was distinguished by flexibility and pragmatism. It was carried out taking into account internal and external factors. Great importance was attached to the baptism of the Kalmyk elite resulting in the creation among them of a pro-government-minded elite. Influencing their fellow tribesmen, the elite was to become a pillar in the policy of Christianization. The study focuses on activity of state and church leaders who contributed to this process: V. N. Tatishchev, A. P. Volynsky, A. I. Rumyantsev, I. K. Kirillov, A. I. Zmeyev and others. When laying Stavropol, they were guided by the need to protect Russia from the raids of the Bashkirs: the fortress occupied a middle place between the Zakamsky and Orenburg fortifications. The city had good prospects of development, thanks to its favorable geographical position on a main waterway of Russia. The benefits received at baptism attracted a significant number of Kalmyks, but among them were many who did not accept Christianity at a deep spiritual level, continuing to follow their usual faith, most adapted to nomadic lifestyle. The new faith took root with difficulty. From the very beginning, Stavropol was built as a multinational city, since it was decided to settle Russian peasants, merchants and commoners next to the Kalmyks, so that the Kalmyks would learn, looking at them, to a settled way of life and tillage. In December 1738, the founder of Stavropol, V. N. Tatishchev, together with his first commandant, Colonel A. I. Zmeyev, went to the Collegium of Foreign Affairs with a proposal to allocate lands to the Kalmyks, to endow the poorest of them with horses, to arrange schools and hospitals. Settlement, enlightenment, health care, together with Christianization, were seen as mechanisms for turning the population of the colonized imperial outskirts, including the Kalmyks, onto a path of social and cultural modernization common to all of Russia. It is convincingly proved that the government's policy regarding the transfer of the Kalmyks to a settled way of life failed, because the traditions and habits of the nomads were too deep. Thus, the Christianization of the Kalmyks was of a rather formal nature, since they remained faithful to the former faith, facts of dual faith included.
Spiritual realism as a unity of the secular and the sacral in the poetry of hieromonk Roman (Matiushin-Pravdin)
Authors: Volkov Valery V. , Volkova Natalya V.
Published: April 2022

The paper`s subject is the poetry of hieromonk Roman (Matiushin-Pravdin). The authors examine one of the properties characterizing the poet’s religious-aesthetical system, namely creative method of spiritual realism. The term spiritual realism means putting Christian ideals and sacral reality into artistic form. There are two main modalities in the literary discourse of spiritual realism: 1) secular (visible world); 2) sacral (hidden spiritual reality). Both in the first and the second case, the poet indicates a God’s omnipresence. God’s presence in everything that surrounds us is personally felt by the poet, and this experience is the basis of his creativity as well as the main source of poetic inspiration. The study shows that “secular” and “sacral” are semantic variables of lexemes, which fix, firstly, the multidirectional aspects of the Russian linguistic personality (religious-mystical and everyday, “secular”), and secondly, based on these aspects, the meanings of lexemes, connected with their non-clerical, “secular” — and clerical-religious spheres. To perceive, to get the idea and interpret the lyric poems of hieromonk Roman one should focus on the meanings and senses of polysemantic words and phrases. They can be used in their secular meanings of the literary Russian language on the one hand and in their Church Slavonic ones that imply the realia of an Orthodox Christian world view.
Perception of Trieste in narratives of Slovenes in Italy
Authors: Pilipenko Gleb P.
Published: April 2022

The paper deals with the perception of Trieste in the narratives of representatives of Slovenian minority community in Italy in the aspect of Slavic-Romance language and cultural contacts. Basing on his own field study, as well as, lexicographic data and ethnographic literature, the author analyzes words and utterances (including phraseological units) that mention Trieste, related toponyms and socio-economic practices. While paying special attention to the language situation in the city and neighboring villages, the paper also discusses significance of the Italian language and the local dialect of Trieste as well as borrowed Slavic lexemes and expressions, their functioning in the speech of citizens. Linguistic and cultural identity of this group of Slovenian informants is closely related to Trieste. On the one hand, the informants associate Trieste with predominance of the Italian language, which manifests in their speech as code switching forms, on the other, they recognize the importance of Trieste in a socio-economic and cultural life of all Slovenes. The parallel co-existence of two communities has recently undergone changes: italophone residents of the city discover homogeneous Slovenian settlements, so that the new language situation is in statu nascendi.
Modern Slovak drama about The Second World War
Authors: Peskova Anna Yu.
Published: April 2022

The paper addresses the Slovak drama of the 21st century dedicated to the Second World War, the Holocaust, and the Slovak National Uprising. After the “velvet revolution” of 1989, interest in the military and insurgent theme in Slovak art as a whole declined sharply, but as early as in the 21st century playwrights and theaters of Slovakia are increasingly beginning to return to these topics. Many of these plays created in the last twenty years were written in order to actualize public discussions about the period of the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), around the mass deportation of Jews from its territory, around the arization, etc. The main task of these plays` authors is to put serious moral questions before the viewer. For this purpose, the paper focuses on social and historical context in which National Socialism spread in Slovakia. Such are, for example, the works of R. Ballek “Tiso”, P. Rankov “It Happened on the First of September (or Some Other Time)”, A. Gruskova “The Woman Rabbi”, V. Klimachek “The Holocaust”, Y. Yuraneva “The Silent Whip”. One of the most important questions that Slovak writers and society have been asking in recent decades is the question of how and why Slovaks actually joined Nazi Germany during the Second World War, what prompted them to do this.
The effect of extract purple sweet drop on nuclear factor kappa B and amyloid deposits in D-galactose induced dementia in rats
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Widyastuti Ketut , Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu Putri ,   Department of Neurology, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Adnyana I Made Oka ,   Department of Neurology, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Background. Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) as a neurodegenerative disease requires preventive measures to reduce its progression. Beta amyloid plaques induce chronic inflammation and apoptosis in AD. Anthocyanins in purple sweet potato are potential for prevention and therapy of AD. Aim. This study aimed to determine the role of anthocyanins in purple sweet potato extract to prevent inflammation so as to provide a neuroprotective effect on D-galactose-induced rats. Material and methods. We used a randomized posttest only control group design. 32 male Wistar rats according to eligibility criteria were randomized into control and treatment groups. The treatment group was given purple sweet potato extract at a dose of 200mg/kgBW every day for 70 days. Both groups on day 15 induced dementia using D-galactose. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated from the examination of NFkB levels by ELISA technique and neuroprotective effects by immunohistochemical examination of amyloid plaque deposits. Results. The mean NFkB of the treatment group (1417.55+255.82) was lower than the control group (1672.23+202.80) which was significant (p<0.05) and the amyloid plaque deposits in the treatment group were thinner than the control group. Conclusions. Administration of purple sweet potato extract to D-galactose-induced rats caused lower NFkB levels and thinner amyloid plaque deposits. The research implication is that administration of purple sweet potato extract can prevent inflammation and provide neuroprotection effects in D-galactose-induced rats.
Secondary Fahr’s disease: A differential to be considered in a COVID-19 pneumonia patient with neuropsychiatric presentations
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Sutantoyo Felisitas Farica , Sugianto Paulus ,   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Background, aim. Fahr’s disease is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by intracranial classifications. This case report aims to accentuate the importance of considering rare disease like Fahr’s disease as the differential diagnosis of neuropsychiatric deficits, especially in patients with a history of thyroidectomy. Case presentation. A 50-year-old female who underwent thyroidectomy 5 years previously presented with incoherent speech, behavioral problems, and hand stiffness. On evaluation, several neurobehavioral deficits and carpopedal spasms were observed, along with low Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hachinski, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL) score of 22, 4, 13, and 12, respectively. Clinically significant laboratory abnormalities include low serum calcium of 4.7 mg/dl, low thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level of 0.113 mIU/l, and low parathyroid hormone (PTH) level of 1.2 pg/ml. In addition, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test showed a positive result. Meanwhile, brain computerized tomography (CT)-scan results showed multiple bilateral calcifications in the basal ganglia, bilateral cortical-subcortical calcifications in the frontal lobe, and subcortical calcification in the left frontal lobe. Results. The patient was diagnosed with Fahr’s disease secondary to post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The patient was treated with calcium lactate, levothyroxine, donepezil, favipiravir for COVID’s infection, vitamin B1, B6, and B12. Conclusions. Fahr’s disease should be considered in patients with neuropsychiatric deficits and spasm disorders, especially in patients with a history of thyroidectomy. Routine follow-up CT-scans after thyroidectomy are recommended.
A review of the role and mechanisms of action of baclofen in the management of central hyperthermia
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Widyantara I Wayan , Dewi Valentina Tjandra ,   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Baclofen was previously known for its efficacy to treat spasticity but this agent has been studied and reported to have several other uses including its role in central hyperthermia. Central hyperthermia is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and the impact of neuronal damage on the central nervous system. Until now there is no established guideline for the management of central hyperthermia which generally does not respond to standard antipyretic therapy. In this literature review, we will discuss the basic concepts of central hyperthermia and the role and mechanism of action of baclofen as an option for central hyperthermia therapy.
Herpes simplex virus encephalitis: A literature review
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Sanglah General Hospital, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, Tedyanto Eric Hartono , Susilawathi Ni Made ,   Department of Neurology, Sanglah General Hospital, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, Indradewi Anak Agung Ayu Suryapraba ,   Department of Neurology, Sanglah General Hospital, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

HSVE (Herpes simplex virus encephalitis) is an infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 that produces neurologic problems. HSVE is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in adults even with antiviral medication, and it is a fatal disease in babies and children regardless of treatment. The most likely pathways include retrograde transmission through the olfactory or trigeminal nerves, as well as hematogenous spread. The most common presenting symptoms are encephalopathy, fever, convulsions, headache, and regional neurologic dysfunction. An accurate history and physical examination are required to identify Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE), and a prompt assessment is advised after the diagnosis has been established. HSVE is a neurodegenerative disease that may be fatal. Rapid diagnostic work-up and early diagnosis in all suspected or confirmed cases will result in early initiation of intravenous acyclovir, which may decrease morbidity and death.
Anxiety and depression among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors:   Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Siddiqui Afshan , Iqbal Sadia ,   Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Salman Salma ,   Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Iltaf Samar ,   Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Aurengzaib Muhammad ,   Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, Ahmed Iftekhar ,   Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: April 2022

Objective. To evaluate anxiety and depression among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Material and methods. Descriptive cross-sectional study, from 1st October 2019 to 30th March 2020, at Department of Medicine Dow University Hospital Karachi. All diagnosed cases of COPD on the basis of GOLD criteria with no other comorbidities were included. A questionnaire was designed for data collection, comprising of sociodemographic characteristic and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Results. The total number of participants was 370, out of whom 80% (n = 296) were male. 97% (n = 359) were smoker and among all 55% (n = 204) were diagnosed COPD for more than 10 years. The frequency of depression in COPD was 10.8% (n = 40) while frequency of Anxiety was found to be 32.2% (n = 119). Conclusions. Our study demonstrates a comparatively higher frequency of anxiety as compared to depression in the studied population .we also observed that depression and anxiety among COPD patients was more associated with high BMI and longer duration of COPD rather than other demographic factors. Therefore special emphasis should be paid towards early screening for anxiety and depression in COPD patient as timely intervention can dramatically improve the quality of life.
Job resources, personal resources, and work engagement of healthcare workers from Romania
Authors:   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania, Cotel Adriana , Golu Florinda ,   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania, Oprea Bogdan ,   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate a series of possible predictors for the work engagement of Romanian healthcare workers. Materials and methods. A sample consisting of 222 Romanian healthcare employees from a hospital completed a questionnaire measuring work engagement, six job resources (autonomy and control; supervision, recognition, and feedback; training, professional development, and continuing education; staffing and time; technology; social support), and two personal resources (self-efficacy and optimism). Outcomes. Training, professional development, and continuing education were the job resources that correlated most strongly with work engagement. However, of all study variables, optimism, a personal resource, correlated most strongly with work engagement. All job resources and personal resources included in the study explained 31% of the variance of work engagement. Conclusions. According to the research results, it is possible for specialists in the field of work psychology to increase the level of healthcare employees’ work engagement by increasing their job and personal resources.
Iodine intake and neonatal thyroid function: A never-ending story
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Varlas Valentin ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Bors Roxana Georgiana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bohiltea Roxana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Dima Vlad ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Iodine deficiency in pregnant women can lead to abortion, dysgravidy, intrauterine growth restriction, premature birth, low birth weight, which places the pregnant woman in a group with increased vulnerability to the lack of adequate amounts of iodine. Iodine deficiency in pregnancy can lead to increased perinatal and infant mortality and the prevalence of congenital anomalies. All these aspects shed new light on the many side effects of iodine deficiency during pregnancy. The present paper aligns with the general trend of assessing the maternal-fetal thyroid hormone status and establishing the most accurate indicators for its quantification and taking into account the degree of iodine deficiency and prematurity.
Pediatric adrenal incidentaloma
Authors:   University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Dumitrascu Mihai Cristian , Ghenea Alice Elena ,   Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Popescu Mihaela ,   Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Dumitrascu Anda ,   “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania, Carsote Mara ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania, Mehedintu Claudia ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “Nicolae Malaxa” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Sandru Florica ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Elias Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

The term of “incidentaloma” involves multiple disciplines of the medicine, especially on the era of modern medicine with massive progress of investigations tools that increased the epidemiological implications of this entity. “Endocrine incidentaloma” represents a term mostly used for adrenals and pituitary glands (and less used for thyroid where it is replaced by the term of “thyroid nodule”). Adult adrenal incidentaloma (AAI) is expected to be found up to 5-20% of population depending on age group, co-morbidities, radiological/imaging method (the incidence increases with age), and not in children. We aim to overview the spectrum of pediatric AI (PAI) as an umbrella term for various histological and endocrine conditions. This is a brief narrative review of literature. Inclusion criteria are: PubMed published papers, in extenso articles (English language), the year of publication between 2016 and 2021; the selection is based on clinical relevance. A number of 70 references is included. PAI may be related to various tumors of the cortex and medulla, while AAI mostly means an adrenocortical adenoma with a very good prognostic. AAI diagnostic (based not only on radiological, but also an endocrine assessment) exceptionally underlines an adrenocortical carcinoma or evolves to a malignancy while in pediatric population the eventuality of an incidental adrenocortical carcinoma is not so rare (the non-functional pattern is more frequent in children than in adults). Neural crest-derived tumors may be located at adrenal levels; while ganglioneuroma is a benign tumor which typically respects the incidental detection, neuroblastoma is mostly aggressive and the clinical presentation suggestive for a malignancy is more frequent rather than a completely asymptomatic picture. 10-14% of pheochromocytomas are incidentally detected; however, the adrenalectomy is imperative, regardless the phenotype. PAI represents a large multidisciplinary field which is still a matter of debate in certain areas. The key message is the fact that accidental detection of an adrenal mass on an apparently healthy child needs careful examination; serial follow-up is less likely the elective approach (opposite to adult population) since adrenalectomy provides adequate histological report in order to sustain the endocrine and imaging workup.
The international approach of pediatric thyroid nodules and thyroid differentiated carcinoma. The starting point for the Romanian pediatric guideline
Authors:   Doctoral School, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Stefan Andreea-Ioana , Blag Cristina ,   Department of Pediatrics, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Popa Gheorghe ,   “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Dragomir Monica ,   “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu“ Institute of Oncology, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Cosnarovici Rodica ,   Department of Pediatric Oncology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Piciu Doina ,   Doctoral School, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,   Department of Endocrine Tumors and Nuclear Medicine, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: April 2022

Background. The incidence of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is increasing even though that this is a rare disease. It is known that there are important differences between adults and children especially in clinical presentation and genetic alterations. The only guideline for the diagnostic and therapeutic approach for the children with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid carcinoma is the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guideline published in 2015, but there could be improvements that we need to highlight in order to reduce the apparition of comorbidities and to improve the quality of life. There is also no national guideline in Romania for the treatment of this pathology in children. Materials and methods. This study is a review of the literature published in the last 5 years concerning the diagnostic and treatment of the pediatric thyroid cancer. Results. The management of the children with the suspicion of thyroid nodule should be done in specialized centers in a specialized, multidisciplinary team, with high volume surgeons. The diagnostic approach should include genetic testing. The surgical management could be less radical in certain cases. The pre-surgical evaluation and intraoperative laryngeal nerve monitoring should reduce the apparition of comorbidities. Conclusion. A European and also a national guideline for the management of pediatric thyroid nodules and thyroid carcinoma is mandatory to reduce the apparition of comorbidities and to improve the quality of life of the patients.
Maternal diabetes and neonatal outcome
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Varlas Valentin ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ciocarlan Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bohiltea Roxana Elena ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Dima Vlad ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Diabetes during pregnancy is more and more frequent worldwide because of the rising incidence of its known risk factors, such as high body mass index, sedentary lifestyle, and hypercaloric diets. It can be either a preexisting condition, or it can be first diagnosed during pregnancy, usually between the 24th and the 28th week of gestation, when it receives the name of gestational diabetes mellitus. Both preexisting diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus may have severe maternal and newborn consequences, especially if there is insufficient control of the maternal glycemic levels and progression of diabetes complications, such as microvascular disease and nephropathy. Infants of diabetic mothers may experience excessive birth weight or, on the contrary, low birth weight, trauma at birth, cardiomyopathy, respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, jaundice, or polycythemia. This study’s aim is to gather and synthesize available information about maternal diabetes and its impact on fetal development and newborn outcome.
Preparation and Application of Cross-linked Alginate Nanoparticles as Drug Carrier: A Review
Authors: Jing Jie Chia  , Kamyar Shameli  , Mostafa Yusefi  , Roshafima Rasit Ali  , Vekes Balasundram  , Sin-Yeang Teow
Published: April 2022

Nanotechnology also called as nanotech is referring to the science, technology and engineering to synthesis, manipulation and investigation of materials and devices at nanoscales. Nanoparticles (NPs) owns a special place in nanotechnology due to their extreme-small size, multifunctionality, and modifiable surface for wide range of applications especially in new drug delivery application as the stability, solubility, biocompatibility and drugs releasing of NPs are highly controllable. The variation of nanomaterials with different physiochemical and morphological properties will affect the materials-living cells interaction and determination of the route of clearance and potential toxic effects. Thus, it requires more cross-disciplinary research on the designing and developing of drugs delivery NPs based on the diagnosis and treatment of devastating diseases. Biopolymers-based NPs have gained great attention for drug delivery system over the past few decades compared to other materials-based NPs such as liposomes, ceramics and lipids as well as magnetic NPs. There are extensive studies and developments of biopolymers-based NPs for drug delivery and tissue engineering as it capable of controlling the release of drugs, stabilizing labile molecules from degradation, and site-specific drug targeting. Alginate is an anionic copolymer that extracted from algae. The NPs composed alginate have become one of the most extensively researched materials for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, wound dressing, protein/enzyme carrier and drug delivery due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity and mucoadhesive properties. Furthermore, by physiochemical crosslinking and cooperating with other polymers, the mechanical strength, cell affinity and drug release profile can be modified and improved. In this brief review paper, several aspects about using alginate or crosslinked alginate for drug delivery application will be discussed, mainly focus on the structure and properties of alginate such as biocompatibility, immunogenicity and biodegradability, as well as the effect of mucoadhesion and pH sensitivity of using alginate in drug delivery nanoparticles developments.
Advances in Nanocellulose Based Materials as Adsorbent for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Eleen Dayana Mohamed Isa  , Kamyar Shameli  , Roshafima Rasheid Ali  , Vekes Balasundram
Published: April 2022

Environmental pollutions especially water pollution has been a persisting issue battle by mankind worldwide. There are various kinds of pollutants in contaminated water where it varies from heavy metals, organic dyes, pharmaceutical products and others. The presence of all these pollutants poses adverse effect to both animal and human as most of them are toxic. With the depleting sources of clean water, the needs of treatment for polluted water are highly demanded. Adsorption process for removal of contaminant has been gaining popularity due to the easy application. Nanocellulose based materials emerged as one of the most interesting adsorbents to be applied. This is due to its sustainability in production which is aligned with the current interest of research. The main source of nanocellulose is plants and nowadays, majority of researches utilize agricultural and industrials wastes as the sources. This article focuses on the nanocellulose and its classification, the sources of nanocellulose and its application as adsorbent for various types of pollutants.
EXPERIENCE OF IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION PATIENTS MANAGEMENT IN URAL FEDERAL DISTRICT: FEATURES OFOUTPATIENT-HOSPITAL INTERACTIONS
Authors: Shalaev S. V. , Arkhipov M. V. , Iofin A. L. , Bykov A. N. , Evrgafova L. V. , Yakovleva O. E. , Nizamova D. F. , Balina V. A. , Milovanova E. V.
Published: April 2022

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a severe chronic and rapidly progressive disease with increasing pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) due to the ongoing pathogenic processes in the vascular wall that lead to obstruction of small pulmonary arteries and arterioles. IPAH takes a small part in the structure among all forms of pulmonary hypertension (PH), the median survival of patients with IPAH before any PAH-specific therapy became available were about 2,8 years, and the average time from the manifestation of the disease to its diagnosis took 2-3 years. This article is an attempt to present an unified data of adult patients with IPAH in Ural Federal district, and describe PH patients medical care service. The article presents the experience of PH Medical Centers across Ural Federal District.
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION COMBINED WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND OBESITY PARADOX
Authors: Khidirova L. D. , Yakhontov D. A. , Kuropiy T. S. , Zenin S. A.
Published: April 2022

Purpose. To study the peculiarities of the clinical course of atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension and obesity.

Materials and methods. 127 patients were observed within the observational cohort studies. Of these, 64 patients with atrial fibrillation, arterial hypertension and obesity in the control group, while the experimental group consisted of 63 patients with atrial fibrillation, arterial hypertension and normal BMI (24.1±2.2) kg/m2. During our work we assessed clinical, anthropometric and laboratory indicators, as well as the results of instrumental examination: ElectroCG; Daily monitoring of ECG, EchoCG. Comparison of binary and categorical indicators was carried out upon an accurate bilateral F test. Statistical hypothesis testing was carried out at critical significance value p=0.05, i.e. the difference was considered statistically significant if p<0.05.

Results. Body mass index (BMI) in patients with atrial fibrillation, hypertension and obesity amounted to 35.2±4.6 kg/m2. The average age in all clinical groups was 60.5±9.2 years old, and patients with obesity were significantly younger (p<0.05) - 53.3±6.1 years old than patients with normal BMI - who were 59.8±7.4 years old. Patients with hypertension, atrial fibrillation and obesity often had a persistent form of AF 71%. General assessment of the lipid profile indicated that only patients with obesity and hypothyroidism showed a significantly high level of triglycerides. (p<0.001). There was an increase in NT-proBNP (p=0.001) and galectin-3 (p=0.005). There was a consistent increase of the end-diastolic dimension of the left ventricle in the left atrium; thickening of the left ventricular posterior and the interventricular septum in compared groups proved equivocal, while the LVMMI (p<0.05) was significantly lower in patients with obesity than in the experimental group.

Conclusion. The presence of obesity in patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension adversely affects certain biochemical and ultrasound parameters, however, many of the criteria characterizing cardiovascular risk and prognosis did not reveal significant differences, which requires further in-depth study of this problem and identification of a possible “obesity paradox” in the group of patients with atrial fibrillation, arterial hypertension and obesity.
Slow Star Formation in the Milky Way: Theory Meets Observations
Authors: Evans Neal J. , Kim Jeong-Gyu , Ostriker Eve C.
Published: April 2022

The observed star formation rate of the Milky Way can be explained by applying a metallicity-dependent factor to convert CO luminosity to molecular gas mass and a star formation efficiency per freefall time that depends on the virial parameter of a molecular cloud. These procedures also predict the trend of star formation rate surface density with Galactocentric radius. The efficiency per freefall time variation with virial parameter plays a major role in bringing theory into agreement with observations for the total star formation rate, while the metallicity dependence of the CO luminosity-to-mass conversion is most notable in the variation with Galactocentric radius. Application of these changes resolves a factor of over 100 discrepancy between observed and theoretical star formation rates that has been known for nearly 50 yr.
Did Earth Eat Its Leftovers? Impact Ejecta as a Component of the Late Veneer
Authors: Carter Philip J. , Stewart Sarah T.
Published: April 2022

The presence of highly siderophile elements in Earth’s mantle indicates that a small percentage of Earth’s mass was delivered after the last giant impact in a stage of “late accretion.” There is ongoing debate about the nature of late-accreted material and the sizes of late-accreted bodies. Earth appears isotopically most similar to enstatite chondrites and achondrites. It has been suggested that late accretion must have been dominated by enstatite-like bodies that originated in the inner disk, rather than ordinary or carbonaceous chondrites. Here we examine the provenances of “leftover” planetesimals present in the inner disk in the late stages of accretion simulations. Dynamically excited planet formation produces planets and embryos with similar provenances, suggesting that the Moon-forming impactor may have had a stable isotope composition very similar to the proto-Earth. Commonly, some planetesimal-sized bodies with similar provenances to the Earth-like planets are left at the end of the main stage of growth. The most chemically similar planetesimals are typically fragments of protoplanets ejected millions of years earlier. If these similar-provenance bodies are later accreted by the planet, they will represent late-accreted mass that naturally matches Earth’s composition. The planetesimal-sized bodies that exist during the giant impact phase can have large core mass fractions, with core provenances similar to the proto-Earth. These bodies are an important potential source for highly siderophile elements. The range of core fractions in leftover planetesimals complicates simple inferences as to the mass and origin of late accretion based on the highly siderophile elements in the mantle.
Relationship of Family Resilience with Relapse in People with Schizophrenia
Authors: Putri Dewi Eka , Afrizal Afrizal , Hamidi Dachriyanus , Effendy Elmeida , Susilawati Febri Yeni , Wenny Bunga Permata
Published: April 2022

Background: The relapse of people with Schizophrenia is a global problem. One of the problems of treating Schizophrenia is relapse. It becomes heavy because of the problem of family resilience in caring for people with Schizophrenia.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the correlation between family resilience and relapse in people with Schizophrenia in the Public Health Center Padang or Puskesmas Padang working area. The research population was families who cared for people with Schizophrenia in the working area of Puskemas Padang. It determined with the purposive sampling method, and based on that, 139 families determined as respondents. The data collected using the instruments to measure family resilience was the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) questionnaire. For relapse, the researchers asked the frequency of people with schizophrenia treatment for one year.
Result: The results of this study indicate that more than half of the respondents (60.4%) have moderate family resilience and more than half (71,2%) have low relapse rates. So it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between family resilience and people with schizophrenia relapse (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Family resilience can reduce relapse in people with Schizophrenia. Family efforts in increasing family resilience include a positive outlook, having social and economic resources, and expressing stable emotions in solving a problem.
Healthy Family Index of Families with Children Experiencing Stunting
Authors: Farisni Teungku Nih , Yarmaliza Yarmaliza , Burdansyah Fitriani , Reynaldi Fitrah , Zakiyuddin Zakiyuddin , Syahputri Veni Nella , Arundhana Andi Imam
Published: April 2022

Stunting is a global problem that has a long-term impact on the quality of human resources. Stunting prevention can be achieved throughout supervision during the first 1000 days of life. The study aimed to examine whether health-conscious families can reduce and prevent stunting. The study location was in the operational area of Mifa Bersaudara Ltd. from March to September 2019. The research method used in this study was a quantitative observational study using a cross-sectional design. The instrument assessing the family health indicators issued by the Ministry of Health of Indonesia was used. The data were analysed using the health-conscious family index formula and Z-score for the infant nutritional status. The study participants were 293 families with toddlers. The study results show that the families living surrounding the operational area of the Mifa Bersaudara Ltd. are mostly pre-healthy families (51.5%) with more than 30% (n=88) of stunted children. There is a relationship between a healthy family index and stunting (p-value<0.05). The logistic regression test shows a significant relationship between the incidence of stunting and the families following the family planning program, exclusive breastfeeding, toddlers receiving monitoring, and no family members who smoke. Stunting is associated with health-conscious families. The incidence of stunting in infants and toddlers is associated with families that plan the pregnancy spacing (family planning), babies getting exclusive breastfeeding, toddlers getting growth monitoring, and no smoking family members.
Using the Navier-Cauchy equation for motion estimation in dynamic imaging
Authors: Hahn Bernadette N. , Garrido Melina-Loren Kienle , Klingenberg Christian , Warnecke Sandra
Published: April 2022

Tomographic image reconstruction is well understood if the specimen being studied is stationary during data acquisition. However, if this specimen changes its position during the measuring process, standard reconstruction techniques can lead to severe motion artefacts in the computed images. Solving a dynamic reconstruction problem therefore requires to model and incorporate suitable information on the dynamics in the reconstruction step to compensate for the motion.

Many dynamic processes can be described by partial differential equations which thus could serve as additional information for the purpose of motion compensation. In this article, we consider the Navier-Cauchy equation which characterizes small elastic deformations and serves, for instance, as a simplified model for respiratory motion. Our goal is to provide a proof-of-concept that by incorporating the deformation fields provided by this PDE, one can reduce the respective motion artefacts in the reconstructed image. To this end, we solve the Navier-Cauchy equation prior to the image reconstruction step using suitable initial and boundary data. Then, the thus computed deformation fields are incorporated into an analytic dynamic reconstruction method to compute an image of the unknown interior structure. The feasibility is illustrated with numerical examples from computerized tomography.
Investigation of SIS epidemics on dynamic network models with temporary link deactivation control schemes
Authors: Bae Jun Hyung , Lee Sang-Mook
Published: April 2022

Mathematical modeling of epidemic diseases is increasingly being used to respond to emerging diseases. Although conditions modeled by SIS dynamics will eventually reach either a disease-free steady-state or an endemic steady state without interventions, it is desirable to eradicate the disease as quickly as possible by introducing a control scheme. Here, we investigate the control methods of epidemic models on dynamic networks with temporary link deactivation. A quick link deactivation mechanism can simulate a community effort to reduce the risk of infection by temporarily avoiding infected neighbors. Once infected individuals recover, the links between the susceptible and recovered are activated. Our study suggests that a control scheme that has been shown ineffective in controlling dynamic network models may yield effective responses for networks with certain types of link dynamics, such as the temporary link deactivation mechanisms. We observe that a faster and more effective eradication could be achieved by updating control schemes frequently.
La temperatura diurna en la aglomeración de Madrid mediante imágenes remotas.
Authors: López Gómez Antonio , Moreno Jiménez Antonio , Fernández García Felipe , Palou Francisco
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo constituye una exploración del microclima urbano de la aglomeración madrileña a través del análisis de sus aspectos térmicos diurnos. Para tal fin se han conjugado dos fuentes de información: por un lado registros con termóme­tros digitales de las temperaturas del aire y, por otro, la banda del infrarrojo térmico suministrada por el Thematic Mapper del Landsat 5. Su estudio ha puesto de realce contrastes térmicos que parecen estar asociados con la topografía y orientación así como con las diferencias de uso del suelo y morfología del tejido urbano.
 
[fr] Cet article explore la micro-climat de l’aglomeration urbaine de Madrid, envisageant particulierment les temperatures pendant le jour. Avec ce propos, deux sources de données ont eté utilisés: les temperatures de l'air prises avec thermomètres digitales et la bande de l'infrarouge thermique du Thematic Mapper (Landsat 5). L'analyse révéle des contrasts thermiques que semblent être liés avec la topographie, l'orientation et, aussi, avec les differences d'utilisation du sol et de morfologie urbaine.
El retorno de emigrantes a la provincia de Alicante.
Authors: Valero Escandell José Ramón
Published: April 2022

No disponible.
Regularidades globales de la distribución del consumo de recursos versus Producto Nacional Bruto en economía.
Authors: Glazovsky N. F. , Rodríguez Rodríguez Vicente
Published: April 2022

El elevado consumo de recursos en las economías de muchos países del mundo favorece el surgimiento de importantes y graves problemas para la humanidad, como el agotamiento en el futuro de algunos recursos naturales, el deterioro del medio ambiente, la baja eficiencia económica y, a veces, las disputas políticas entre estados y regiones.
Dos necrológicas de Rusia: Un estudio comparativo de la geografía electoral de 1917 y 1989.
Authors: Petrov Nicolai V. , Abellán García Antonio
Published: April 2022

Estudio detallado de las elecciones de 1917 a la Asamblea Constituyente y de 1989 para el Congreso de los Diputados de los Pueblos de la URSS. Se intenta un tipología del comportamiento electoral y una regionalización.
Geografía actual de las confesiones religiosas en Rusia.
Authors: Vedenin Yuriy A. , Isidorova Vera J. , Álvarez Veinguer Ana
Published: April 2022

Geografía actual de las confesiones religiosas en Rusia. Descripción de las comunidades religiosas operantes en Rusia y la antigua URSS y su distribución territorial.
Sectorización ecológica del acuífero de Madrid para una clasificación genética y funcional de humedales
Authors: Besteiro G. , Montes C.
Published: April 2022

Mediante el análisis cuantitativo de algunas variables del medio físico del acuífero de Madrid, que caracterizan tanto procesos superficiales como de aguas subterráneas, se han podido diferenciar unidades ambientales que muestran una cierta homogeneidad en cuanto a la posibilidad de mantener formaciones palustres con un origen y funcionamiento hidrológico similares.
Una aproximación a la cartografía dinámica de la ocupación del suelo: Ensayo en el área de Mondéjar (Guadalajara).
Authors: García-Abad Alonso Juan Javier
Published: April 2022

Se propone la aplicación de unos métodos cartográficos para la investigación del paisaje agrario en el Area de Mondéjar (Guadalajara). Para ello, se han considerado, por un lado, la ocupación del suelo como una de sus manifestaciones más inmediatas y, por otro, las transformaciones ocurridas entre 1956 y 1985. Seguimos, así, un postulado metodológico que utiliza la Cartografía Temática como método de investigación.
Tres han sido los mapas realizados: los dos primeros son analíticos y representan la situación de la ocupación del suelo en dos momentos diferentes; el tercero es un mapa dinámico, elaborado a partir de los dos anteriores, que representa los cambios acaecidos en la ocupación del suelo entre esos dos momentos. La Cartografía Dinámica expresará, por tanto, la evolución en el tiempo de cualquier temática espacial. 
En su elaboración, se ha puesto especial cuidado en lograr un adecuado lenguaje cartográfico a partir de una construcción lógica de la leyenda y de un uso racional de las variables visuales: color y valor.
 
[fr] On propose l'application de méthodes cartographiques pour la recherche du paysage agraire dans l'Aire de Mondéjar (Guadalajara). Pour cela, on a consideré, d'une part, l'occupation du sol comme une de ses manifestations les plus immédiates et, d'autre part, les transformations qui ont eu lieu entre 1956 et 1985. Nous continuons, ainsi, un postulat méthodologique qu'utilise la Cartographie Thámatique comme méthode de recherche.
Trois cartes ont  été  rálisés: les deux premieres sont analytiques et représentent la situation de l'occupation du sol a deux moments différents; la troisième est une carte dynamique,  labor e a partir des cartes précedents, qui repr sente les changements a l'occupation du sol entre ces deux moments. La Cartographie Dynamique exprimera, ainsi, l'evolution dans le temps de n'importe que} sujet li  a l'espace.
Dans son élaboration, on a mis un soin spécial pour réussir un langage cartographique approprié a partir d'une construction logique de la légende et d une utilisation des variables visuelles: couleur et valeur.