bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slow Scholarship: Propositions for the Extended Curriculum Programme
Authors: Bozalek Vivienne
Published: January 2022

Higher education has been deeply affected by neoliberalism and corporatisation, with their emphasis on efficiency, competitiveness and valorisation of quantity over quality. This article argues that in the context of South African higher education, and in the Extended Curriculum Programme (ECP) more particularly, such commodification of education is problematic. The article explores what the Slow movement has to offer ECP in terms of scholarship. It seeks to answer the question: How might ECP be reconfigured using Slow imaginaries? Various academic disciplines and practices have incorporated Slow philosophy to develop alternative ways of doing academia; however, it has hitherto not been considered for programmes such as ECP. This article approaches Slow pedagogy for ECP using posthuman and feminist new materialist sensibilities that are predicated on a relational ontology. The article puts forward the following 10 propositions for a Slow scholarship in ECP using ideas from posthumanism and feminist new materialism: practice attentiveness through noticing, engage in responsible relations, diffract rather than reflect (thinking together affirmatively), render each other capable, enable collective responsiveness, explore creatively, making thoughts and feelings possible, enact curiosity, ask the right questions politely, foreground process rather than product, and create conditions for trust by wit(h)nessing. It is argued that by practising Slow scholarship with these propositions, ECPs might resist market-driven imperatives that characterise contemporary academia.
MORPHOLOGICAL MONITORING OF EXPERIMENTAL LIVER FIBROSIS IN RATS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Andreev V. P. , Tsyrkunov V. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kondratovich I. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2022

Background. Though thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis (LF) is recognized as a classical model of toxic liver damage, there is no literature data on the description of its successive stages of histological and ultrastructural changes in various cell populations involved in fibrosis. Objective. To conduct morphological monitoring of fibrosis formation in the liver of rats using the TAA model of LF based on histological and ultrastructural changes in hepatocytes and perisinusoidal lipocytes (HSC). Material and methods. The experiment was carried out on 18 sexually mature male rats. LF was modeled by intraperitoneal injection of 2% TAA solution at a dose of 10 ml / kg every other day. Light microscopy of semi-thin sections of the liver was performed, as well as electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. Results. The study of semi-thin sections of rat liver tissue from the control group showed a normal architecture of the parenchyma, a large number of HSCs containing large lipid droplets ("resting" phenotype), a very small amount of cytoplasmic matrix poor in membrane organelles. In the animals that were receiving TAA for 4 weeks, a mesenchymalepithelial transition of HSCs from the "resting" type to a fibrogenic state (fibrogenic phenotype) was recorded, that was accompanied by a gradual decrease in the number of retinol-containing drops and the appearance of fibroblastlike cells (FLC) in HSCs. In the animals, that were receiving TAA for 12 weeks, the pool of fibrogenic cells in the liver increased, a mesothelial-mesenchymal transition occurred, characterized by the mesothelial cell migration deeper into the parenchyma and their acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype. Lipid containing activated FLC were also found in fibrous tissue around the central vein. Foci of hepatic tissue destruction caused by necrosis and apoptosis of hepatocytes were much more common. Conclusions. Administration of TAA induces liver fibrosis while histological and ultrastructural monitoring of the state of hepatocytes and HSCs allows to monitor all stages of fibrosis, clarifying the mechanisms of damage to intracellular organelles and variants of hepatocyte death. This model of LF in rats can be used to test new antifibrotic drugs.
Macroeconomic Activity and Role of Zaka in Achieving Economic Stability (Aggregate Supply and Economic Variable): الزكاة والنشاط الاقتصادي الكلي ودورهما في تحقيق الاستقرار الاقتصادي (العرض الكلي والمتغيرات الاقتصادية)
Authors: Ahmad Mohammad Alsaad, Shatha Musa Al- Rawabdeh Ahmad Mohammad Alsaad, Shatha Musa Al- Rawabdeh
Published: January 2022

The duty of Zaka is one of the important financial resources of the Islamic state, it is also an effective tool to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality between society members. As it guarantees a regular flow of funds every year which is spent in specified channels. The obligation of Zaka has a crucial role in economic recovery because of three main factors, which prohibit hoarding, promoting investment, and encourage spending.so that is why the duty of Zaka is accomodate with economics principles. This research aims to clarify and show the economic impact of Zaka fund development through theoretical, mathematical, and graphical analysis on macroeconomics variables which is related to Aggregate Supply. Researcher used theoretical, mathematical, graphical approaches for explanation economic variables. and used deductive approach through shows the effect of zakat on the aggregate supply. researcher concludes that the duty of Zaka is an effective economic tool, and its impact on the economy is cumulative, so it is considered one of the injection elements in the Islamic economy by preventing leakage, through prohibit hoarding, that’s why it has a positive impact on the supply of human and capital resources. The researcher recommends to work on promoting the revival of Zaka, and the Zakat should be compulsory not voluntary through laws and regulations.
Local marketing elements and their role in achieving customer satisfaction – A field study on some local banks in the State of Kuwait –: عناصر التسويق الداخلي ودورها في تحقيق رضا العملاء – دراسة ميدانية عن بعض البنوك المحلية في دولة الكويت –
Authors: Mohammed Haber Alshammri Mohammed Haber Alshammri
Published: January 2022

The Study aimed to identify the extent of commitment of local banks in the State of Kuwait to work with the concept of marketing internally and externally, and interest in it, and the relationship between training and development of employees in these banks and the extent of customer satisfaction in these banks, and the level of the relationship between employee motivation and the level of customer satisfaction for these banks, and the relationship between delegation of powers to employees And to increase their satisfaction and customer satisfaction. The Study sample consisted of (51) bank references in the State of Kuwait. The study used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting study data. The study applied the descriptive analytical approach. The results of the study reached: The Banks are committed to activating the elements of internal marketing, whether the bank's services or the promotion of services, the efficiency and motivation of workers, and the satisfaction of workers, but the promotion of services came in a lagging position from the point of view of the study sample. The High level of customer satisfaction with banks' services, whether from the good availability of branches for those banks or the speed and simplicity of completing transactions, flexibility in working hours, and following an accurate system in completing transactions. The Elements of internal marketing affect and are significantly related to customer satisfaction and contribute to the level of customer satisfaction. The Bank's services, employee satisfaction, and employee efficiency and motivation are what contribute significantly to customer satisfaction, while promoting services does not affect or contribute to customer satisfaction. There are no statistically significant differences in the averages of each of the marketing elements and customer satisfaction due to the differences in gender, age, educational level and occupation among Kuwaiti bank customers. The study recommended paying attention to the human cadre, relying on electronic methods to provide banking services, and establishing partnerships and alliances between local and foreign banks to benefit from the expertise to develop the elements of banking services.
The role of the school environment in increasing the academic achievement of basic stage students in Mafraq city schools from the point of view of its teachers: دور البيئة المدرسية في زيادة التحصيل الدراسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسية في مدارس مدينة المفرق من وجهة نظر معلميها
Authors: Muhammad Asbeeh Salameh Muhammad Asbeeh Salameh
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to identify the role of the school environment in increasing the academic achievement of the students of the basic stage in the schools of Mafraq city from the point of view of its teachers. To verify its validity and reliability, it was distributed among the available (30) of the study population, and it was processed statistically using the Statistical Package (SPSS) program, where the study concluded that there is a significant role for the school environment in increasing the academic achievement of the students. Students of the basic stage in Mafraq city schools from the point of view of their teachers, and it was found that there are statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) in the average responses of the study sample members towards the role of the school environment in increasing the academic achievement of stage students. The primary school in Mafraq city schools according to the study variable (gender, years of experience, educational qualification, specialization), and based on the results of this study, the researcher recommended several recommendations, the most important of which was that primary school teachers in Mafraq schools should rely on the encouragement method instead. About punishment, and it's on teachers b Their plans denied that the student is the focus of the educational process and not following the old curriculum system.
The Degree of Exercise of secondary school principals in the Kasbah Al-Mafraq district of administrative delegation in light of the Corona pandemic: درجة ممارسة مديري المدارس الثانوية في لواء قصبة المفرق للتفويض الإداري في ظل جائحة كورونا
Authors: Kholoud Mohammed Al-Amoush Kholoud Mohammed Al-Amoush
Published: January 2022

This study aimed at revealing the programs of secondary school principals’ practice in the general beginning of delegation and administrative delegation in light of the general rule from their point of view. The researcher used the descriptive approach، and the beginning was represented by a questionnaire consisting of (30) ... distributed to a stratified sample of (74) principals and interested persons in the whole community in secondary schools in Kasbah Al-Mafraq District، and the most prominent results of the study in the stage of practicing secondary schools in Kasbah Al-Mafraq district for administrative delegation in light of the Corona pandemic، from their point of view، obtained an overall average (2.39 out of 3) with a high degree (high ) and at a level; The domain of delegation in the administrative domain got the highest average (2.48) then the educational domain with an average of (2.37)، both with a degree of delegation (high) in the domain، terms and responsibilities with an average of (2.33) (medium) and there were no statistically significant differences at the level of ( 0.05≥α) in 2014 was re-developed article.
الإمام يوسف زاده ومنهجه في كتابه نجاح القاري لصحيح البخاري
Authors: عبد الكريم عبد الله عبد الحميد
Published: January 2022

يعتبر الإمام أبو محمد عبد الله بن محمد بن يوسف بن عبد المنان الحلمي الأماسي من أبرز علماء القرن الثاني عشر الميلادي في الدولة العثمانية، خاصة في علم القراءات والحديث، أما كتابه (نجاح القاري لصحيح البخاري) فهو كتاب عظيم ومفيد وشامل، قد أفرغ مؤلفه وسعه وبذل جهده حتى أظهره للناس شرحاً جامعاً لآراء السلف روايةً ودرايةً، مشتملاً على أقوال الخلف بكل أمانة وعناية، فيشتمل الشرح جميع جوانب فقه الحديث، ولعله كان يأمل بذلك أن يكون كتابه مرجعًا جامعًا لكل من يريد أن يخوض في الحديث وعلومه، ويهدف هذا البحث إلى التعريف بحياة المؤلف والحالة السياسية والاجتماعية والعلمية إضافة إلى دراسة الحديث في عصره، كما يشمل التعريف بكتاب نجاح القاري لصحيح البخاري، ومكانة البخاري عند السلاطين العثمانيين، والتعريف بمنهج مؤلفه فيه. وقد اعتمدت المنهج الاستقرائي لاستقراء النصوص وجَمْعِها في حدود موضوع البحث، كما اعتمدت المنهج الوصفي في تحليل النصوص وتفسيرها واستخلاص النتائج، ملتزمًا بحدود البحث في التركيز على منهج الإمام يوسف أفندي زاده في كتابه نجاح القاري. ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصلت إليها أن منهج الإمام يوسف أفندي زاده في كتابه منهج تحليل للنصوص الحديثية، كما يعتمد في طريقـته الشـرح ممزوجًا بالمتن.
The views of students of the upper basic stage in public schools about distance learning via educational platforms during the Corona pandemic through: A case study based on graphics analysis: آراء طلاب المرحلة الأساسية العليا في المدارس الحكومية حول التعلم عن بعد عبر المنصات التعليمية خلال جائحة كورونا: دراسة حالة قائمة على تحليل الرسومات
Authors: Fatima Mustafa Alimat Fatima Mustafa Alimat
Published: January 2022

This research aimed at studying the views of students of the upper basic stage in public schools about distance learning via educational platforms during the Corona pandemic through a case study based on graphics analysis. One of the qualitative research methods was used, which is the case study, the case study in this research was based on the analysis of graphics, and the research sample consisted of 8 students (7 females and one male) studying in the eighth, ninth and tenth grades from 3 public schools that include the upper basic stage in Mafraq Governorate. The research tools also included a case study through drawing to reveal the mental methods of individuals against facts and events, and the research reached three main conclusions. First: that students in the eighth, ninth, and tenth grades of upper basic schools rely to a large extent on laptops to use educational platforms during the Corona pandemic. Second: The method of educational platforms in presenting information does not answer the inquiries of some students, so it does not replace face-to-face learning. Third: The graphics showed that the frequent use of these technologies by the student and the teacher led to health problems for them, such as visual fatigue. Accordingly, the researcher made recommendations to those in charge of educational platforms represented in the need to simplify and facilitate the scientific concepts presented on educational platforms using interesting methods such as puppet theater and cartoon films that present the subject in a simplified manner, and the need to integrate face-to-face and distance education, and recommendations for school administrations represented by targeted awareness campaigns For parents to reduce their behaviors that led their children to neglect and dependence on parents during the distance learning period, and recommendations to parents about the need to instill a sense of security in the hearts of their children, and increase the care and love provided to them, especially in this critical age stage (adolescence), and the presence of an individual with patience and positivity In the family and has a close relationship with the student, he helps him review the book’s information after attending lessons on educational platforms and other knowledge channels.
Irrational Thoughts and Their Relationship to Emotional Stability for The Elderly in Jericho Governorate: الأفكار اللاعقلانية وعلاقتها بالاتزان الانفعالي لدى المسنين في محافظة أريحا
Authors: Fadwa Abdallah halabiyah, Marwan Fakhry Saeed Fadwa Abdallah halabiyah, Marwan Fakhry Saeed
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the level of irrational thoughts and emotional stability among the elderly in Governorate of Jericho, as well as the relationship between them based on gender, economic level, accommodation type, and educational level. The descriptive-analytical approach, the irrational thoughts scale, and the emotional stability scale were employed to achieve these objectives. The sample included (300) elderly people, males and females, who were chosen randomly from the elderly attending the social development centers and Grandparents’ House in Jericho. Cronbach Alpha, Pearson Correlation coefficient, t- test, one-way ANOVA were calculated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of this study revealed that the elderly in Jericho Governorate have a moderate degree of both irrational thoughts and of emotional stability. The results also demonstrated an inverse statistically significant relationship between irrational thoughts and emotional stability among the elderly. The results also showed no differences in the level of irrational thoughts among the elderly in the Jericho governorate due to the variables of gender or economic level. It was found that there were differences in the level of irrational thoughts due to accommodation type and educational level. The results showed that there were no differences in the level of emotional stability among the elderly based on gender, economic level, or accommodation type, while there are statistically significant differences in the level of emotional stability attributed to the educational level.
Readings in spatial patterns in space of “Bibi Fatima and the King’s sons” novel By Sheikh Dr. Sultan bin Mohammed Al Qasimi
Authors: Najeya Ali Rashid Alkharji Najeya Ali Rashid Alkharji
Published: January 2022

This research sought to read the spatial patterns in the novel of Bibi Fatima and the sons of the king, where I began the research by defining my theory of the term space, as a general concept that includes several spatial patterns that form its general structure. Thereafter I reviewed the features of the general space in the novel, to clarify the particles that constitute it, and I was able to monitor seven spatial patterns that define the features of this space, namely: (1) voluntary places of residence- (2) places of forced residence – (3) public places of movement- (4) private places of movement- (5) movable places (6) religious place and (7) the symbolism of the place. The aim of the study is to reveal the aesthetics of geographical space in the novel, as a narrative element that contributed with other narrative elements in construction of the novel. In this study, I adhered to the technical- analytical approach, which enabled me to monitor the small particles that resemble the space of the novel, and then classify and display these spatial particles according to the importance of its contribution to the formation and progress of the events of the novel. Perhaps the most important findings I have reached was the clear susceptibility shown by the text on technical analysis; Due to the diversity of spatial forms that resemble its geographical space. I recommend more research that deals with other elements of narration in the novel, such as separation of research about the structure of time, or about the status of the narrator and the nature of his correlations.
قًواعِد وضَوابِط قَبول الْعَملِ الصّالحِ فِي عَالم مُتَغيِر
Authors: الفيلكاوي يعقوب يوسف
Published: January 2022

هدف هذا البحث إلى عرض أهم ما يسعى إليه العبد المسلم في حياته، ألا وهو تحصيل الحسنات والحرص على قبول العمل الصالح، وفق ما جاء في القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية الصحيحة؛ ولا يتأتى ذلك إلا بالأقوال والأعمال الصالحة التي يوفق إليها المسلم في هذه الحياة، دون جهل منه أو غفلة في ضوء معرفة شروط وضوابط ذلك، فالعلم بعظمة الله تعالى تجنب المسلم الوقوع بتلك الغفلة، فالسعادة والرضا لا تكون إلا بالإخلاص والمتابعة لشرائع الإسلام، كما تطرقت إلى بيان متغيرات العصر وتأثير ذلك على قبول العمل الصالح، ولتحقيق ذلك اتبعت في بحثي المنهج الاستقرائي الوصفي، وقد قسمته إلى ثلاثة مباحث
طريقة شرائحية عددية لمحاكاة حل نظم من المعادلات التفاضلية العشوائية
Authors: محمود سليمان محمد , الوسوف أحمد , إحسان علي سمير
Published: January 2022

نقدم في هذا البحث طريقة شرائحية عددية مع وسيطي تجميع لحل نظم من المعادلات التفاضلية العشوائية متعددة الأبعاد. تمت محاكاة عملية وينر العشوائية متعددة الأبعاد المستمرة مع الزمن كعملية منفصلة، ثم دراسة الاستقرار العشوائي بمتوسط المربعات للطريقة عندما تُطَبقْ لحل نظم من المعادلات التفاضلية العشوائية الخطية من البعد الثاني. تبين الدراسة أن الطريقة تكون مستقرة ومتقاربة بمتوسط المربعات من المرتبة الثالثة عندما يتم تطبيقها لحل نظم من المعادلات التفاضلية العشوائية خطية وغير خطية. وقد تم اختبار فعالية الطريقة المقترحة بحل مسألتي اختبار الأولى خطية والثانية غير خطية، وتشير النتائج العددية إلى فعالية وكفاءة الطريقة الشرائحية المقترحة وأن النتائج الحاصلة جديرة بالاهتمام.
وعي الزراع بالمخاطر البيئية الزراعية بمنطقة قلابشو وزيان بمحافظة الدقهلية
Authors: جمعة أمل محمد , أبو النجا محمد أحمد , معوض حمدي محمد
Published: January 2022

استهدف البحث التعرف على مستوى وعي الزراع بالمخاطر البيئية الزراعية بجمعيات استصلاح الأراضي الجديدة بمنطقة قلابشو وزيان بمحافظة الدقهلية وذلك من خلال تحديد مستوى وعي الزراع بأسباب انتشار المخاطر البيئية الزراعية، ومستوى وعيهم بالأضرار التي تسببها، وكذلك التعرف على وعيهم بمعدل انتشار تلك المخاطر البيئية الزراعية، وحجم الأضرار الناتجة عن انتشارها، بالإضافة للتعرف على جوانب القوة والضعف والفرص والتحديات لدي الزراع لمواجهة المخاطر البيئية الزراعية بمنطقة البحث. وقد تم أجراء البحث على عينة عشوائية منتظمة تم اختيارها من بين زراع جمعيات استصلاح الأراضي الجديدة بمنطقة قلابشو وزيان بمحافظة الدقهلية، والبالغ عددهم 2756 مزارع، وتم استخدام معادلة كريجسى ومورجان لتحديد حجم العينة وبذلك بلغ حجم عينة البحث 337 مزارعا. وتم استخدام استمارة استبيان بالمقابلة الشخصية والتي تتفق بنودها وتحقيق أهداف البحث وقد تم اجراء اختبار مبدئ لها حتى اصبحت صالحة لجمع البيانات الميدانية خلال شهري مارس وإبريل 2021، وتم معالجة البيانات كميا وتحليلها احصائيا باستخدام المدى، والمتوسط الحسابي، والانحراف المعياري، والدرجة المتوسطة، وتم استخدم العرض الجدولي بالتكرارات والنسبة المئوية لعرض البيانات واستخلاص النتائج. وتمثلت أهم نتائج البحث فيما يلي: 1- أن ما يزيد عن خمسي الزراع المبحوثين بقليل 42.4% مستوى وعيهم الكلى بأسباب المخاطر البيئة الزراعية المدروسة مرتفعا. 2- أن خمسي الزراع المبحوثين 40.7% مستوى وعيهم الكلى بأضرار المخاطر البيئة الزراعية المدروسة مرتفعا. 3- أن خمسي الزراع المبحوثين 40.4% مستوى وعيهم الكلى بمعدل انتشار المخاطر البيئية الزراعية المدروسة مرتفعا. 4- أن ما يزيد عن ثلث الزراع المبحوثين 38.3% مستوى وعيهم الكلى بحجم الأضرار الناتجة عن انتشار المخاطر البيئية الزراعية المدروسة مرتفعا 5- وتمثلت أهم جوانب القوة لدى الزراع لمواجهة المخاطر البيئية الزراعية في الحرص على تعديل مواعيد زراعة بعض المحاصيل وخاصة محاصيل الخضر للحد من الاثار السلبية للتغيرات المناخية بنسبة 89%. - أهم جوانب الضعف لدى الزراع لمواجهة المخاطر البيئية الزراعية تمثلت في تاثير التغيرات المناخية على إنتاجية بعض المحاصيل وبالتالي ارتفاع أسعار الغذاء بنسبة 88.4%. - ان أهم الفرص لدى الزراع لمواجهة المخاطر البيئية الزراعية هي الاتجاه نحو الزراعة التعاقدية لمنع استغلال التجار بنسبة 89%. - أهم التحديات لدى الزراع لمواجهة المخاطر البيئية الزراعية هي الظروف الاقتصادية الصعبة التي تواجه الزراع مثل ارتفاع إيجار الأراضي وارتفاع أسعار مستلزمات الإنتاج الزراعي بنسبة 90.5%.
تنزيه اجتهاد النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عن الغلط
Authors: الدالاتي عبد الهادي محمد
Published: January 2022

مما لا شك فيه أن السنة النبوية هي من الركائز التي يبني عليها المسلمون معتقداتهم الإسلامية، وهي أحد الأركان التي يرجع إليها العلماء المجتهدون في استنباط القواعد الدينية. وقد ظهر في هذا العصر الكثير من المغالطات في مصداقية السنة النبوية، التي شرع من خلالها بعض الأفراد في محاولة منع الناس من التمسك بالسنة وتنفيذ تعاليمها النبيلة. وربما يتمسك بعض الناس في الوقت الحاضر بمزاعم - موجودة في بعض الكتب - قد يشير ظهورها إلى احتمال الخطأ في اجتهاد النبي في الأمور الدينية. وقد أدى ذلك إلى إبعاد الناس عن التقيد بالأحاديث النبوية. وعليه، فسأحاول من خلال بحثي هذا أن أحقق في هذه القضية وأتحرى لتوضيح أن الأمر ليس كما تصوروا أو ادعوا بل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم معصوم عن الخطأ في اجتهاده كما هو معصوم الخطأ فيما يبلغه عن ربّه من طريق الوحي. ولقد جمعت في سبيل ذلك الكثير من الأدلة المؤيدة، كما تعرضت لما وجدته من شُبه يمكن أن تلقى في هذا المقام وأجبت عنها، حتى خلصتُ إلى بعض النتائج منها ذلك الذي هدفت إلى عمل البحث لأجله، ومنها أن عيسى المسيح عليه السلام حين ينزل من السماء سيرتفع الخلاف بين المذاهب لاستحالة الخطأ عليه فيما يقوله عن اجتهاد فيكون قوله فصلا لا يجوز المصير إلى سواه، وقد سلكت في جميع ذلك المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. فأرجو أن يكون هذا البحث إضافة جديدة إلى المكتبة الإسلامية، وعونا جيدا للباحثين، إن شاء الله، وكفايةً في هذه المسألة في ترجيح قول على وجه ظاهر بإذن الله تعالى.
The verbal correlations in the dictionary of Abu Hilal al-Askari are names of the remains of things in the manner of the letters of the dictionary
Authors: Alwah Hazam Muslah Aloreany Alwah Hazam Muslah Aloreany
Published: January 2022

The term verbal syndromes are often mentioned in books of Arab heritage, and mothers of literary books, It's a term that takes a place in linguistic fields, So this research aims to define this linguistic term and its characteristics, and its classifications, and its old and new status, with the explanation of four examples of application, In the dictionary of his (al-Askari) class, he called it the 'dictionary of the names of the remains of things in the style of the letters of the dictionary' The problem with research is the detection of linguistic structures containing verbal syndrome, and then their analysis and interpretation, in the (al-Askari) Dictionary of Abu Hilal, the names of the remains of things in the form of the letters of the dictionary. One of the objectives of the research is to try to provide a simple idea and a brief explanation to identify the dictionary of the remains of the (al-Askari) father of the deceased in '400 Ah', and then to analyze the verbal syndromes found in the dictionary. The study of this research therefore required a descriptive study in order to trace the verbal syndromes mentioned in the dictionary of the names of the remains of things in the style of the letters of the dictionary of Abu Hilal al-Askari, a dictionary containing many vocabulary and Arabic compositions, Accordingly, this research was entitled Semantics of Verbal Syndromes in the Dictionary of The Names of The Remains of Things by Abu Hilal al-Askari, to analyze these syndromes descriptively and with accurate scientific results. Perhaps one of the most significant linguistic findings was the following. Abu Hilal (al-Askari) Dictionary contains several verbal syndromes, with linguistic connotations. All the syndrome mentioned in the (al-Askari) dictionary is of the quality of the nominal composition. After analyzing the syndrome, it was observed that there was a semantic of verbal syndromes, one a basic lexical central indication, and the other a contextual meta-semantic. The (al-Askari) dictionary has not been without verbal syndromes.
Sālimīyah Sect and its Doctrinal Opinions on the Divine Self in the Light of Islamic Doctrine
Authors: Eisa Rabeeh Ahmad Eisa Rabeeh Ahmad
Published: January 2022

It is widely known that there are Islamic ideological sects and groups whose doctrinal opinions still exist to date, such as Asha’yrah, Maturidis, and Hanbalis, while we find other ideological groups that do not exist in our modern times. Chief among these ideological sects and groups is Sālimīyah sect, that belongs to its founder, Abul-Hassan Al-Basry Ahmad bin Mohammad bin Salem, who died in (297) AH / (909) AD. Sālimīyah sect is an Islamic ideological group that emerged in the middle of the third century AH / mid-tenth century AD. In fact, one of the most problematic issues of this study is that there are no ideological books for Sālimīyah sect available in our time. Few scholars mentioned the ideological views of Sālimīyah sect and we could hardly find any other academic studies that have considered these views. What really distinguishes this study is its ability to scrutinize for the first time the emergence of Sālimīyah sect from a historical point of view. Moreover, this research studies Sālimīyah sect's ideological views related to the Divine Self in particular. The scientific approaches used in the study are the extrapolative approach, the analytical approach and the comparative approach.
المسائل الفقهية التي تتوقف على حكم القاضي في باب الصوم عند الحنابلة: جمعًا ودارسةً
Authors: المبدل إبراهيم بن عبد العزيز بن عبد الله
Published: January 2022

هدف البحث إلى جمع، واستقراء المسائل التي تفتقر إلى حكم القاضي في باب الصوم في المذهب الحنبلي، من خلال أحد الكتب المعتمدة في المذهب، ووضع ضابط لما يفتقر لحكم حاكم وما لا يفتقر. وقد تم اختيار (الإقناع للحجاوي) لكي يصبح الكتاب الذي يكون منه الاستقراء والبحث واستخراج المسائل، ثم مقارنتها مع بقية المذاهب الأربعة؛ لأنه المرجع الأول لقضاء البلاد، وذلك مهم ومفيد للقضاء، والقضاة. وقد توصل الباحث في البحث إلى: أن ضوابط المسائل المفتقرة إلى حكم القاضي، هي ثلاثة ضوابط. كما خلص الباحث إلى أن المسائل ليست محل اتفاق بين العلماء، فكما أن العلماء اختلفوا في مسائل فقهية، فكذلك اختلفوا في مسائل قضائية، وهل هي مفتقرة إلى حكم القاضي، أو غير مفتقرة، ومن جملة ذلك ما يتعلق بالصوم ودخول رمضان وغيره من الشهور.
تأثير إضافة زيت قشور الليمون لأغلفة الجيلاتين القابلة للأكل في بعض صفات الجودة للحم صدر الدجاج المخزّن بالتبريد
Authors: قربي نسرين عبد القادر , عزيزية عبد الحكيم فهد , مرعي عبد الوهاب سينو
Published: January 2022

هدف البحث إلى تحديد مدة صلاحية التخزين المبرَّد للحم صدر الدجاج عن طريق تعبئته باستخدام أغلفة الجيلاتين مع ألجينات الصوديوم القابلة للأكل والتي تحتوي على زيت قشور الليمون LPO بنسب مختلفة. حُضّر زيت قشور الليمون بالتقطير بالتبخير، ثم حُضّرت أغلفة الجيلاتين مع ألجينات الصوديوم بإضافة زيت قشور الليمون LPO بنسبة (0، 0.5، 1، 1.5، 2 %). طُبقت الأغلفة على عينات لحم صدر الدجاج الطازج وخُزنت العينات داخل البراد عند درجة الحرارة (4±1 °م) ولفترات زمنية (0، 3، 7، 11، 14، 18) يوماً على التوالي. تم إجراء اختبارات على عينات لحم صدر الدجاج الطازج خلال فترات التخزين المذكورة سابقاً شملت التعداد العام للبكتريا واختبارات الطزاجة بما فيها (درجة الحموضة pH، ورقم حمض الثيوباربتيوريك TBA) واختبارات كيميائية بما فيها (نسبة الرطوبة، نسبة الرماد، نسبة الدهن، ونسبة البروتين). أظهرت العينات المخزنة باستخدام أغلفة تحتوي على زيت قشور الليمون بنسبة ( 2%) أفضل صفات جودة خلال مدة التخزين، وبذلك تكون عينات لحم صدر الدجاج قد حافظت على صفات الجودة مدة 14 يوماً.
Mechanisms for resolving international contracts for building and construction disputes: آليات حسم منازعات العقود الدولية للبناء والتشييد
Authors: Yasir Tagelsir Mohamed Osman Yasir Tagelsir Mohamed Osman
Published: January 2022

Consider of resolving international contracts for building and construction is extremely important for architects and building construction implementers, as international building and construction contracts are complex contracts and countless international parties participate in their implementation. The aim of this research is to show the legal implications of implementing dispute resolution mechanisms, international contracts in construction and construction. The International Building and Construction Contract does not deviate from being a complex, international commercial contract, from private law contracts, even with the presence of the state or a legal person as a party to the contracts, this does not change their legal nature as contracts of law. The private where the results of the following research study showed: 1- The failure of national legislation to address many of the problems arising from international contracts for building and construction, which are of a technical nature due to their rapid development that are unable to keep pace with those national legislations, thus enhancing the role of rapidly developing and modifying model contracts to ensure simulation of the practical reality of these new technical problems and to provide the best means. To solve it, we extracted from the research the following results. 2- Model contracts are not considered contracts in the strict legal sense as they do not include consent between two parties, but rather they are a pre- prepared contract formulation in printed form, so that it is ready for use by the parties to the contract, and it is not evidence except for the persons who agreed to the agreement to refer to it where the search was used The inductive approach to measuring and understanding its archeology, as it relied on reviewing previous literature and studies in explaining the legal implications, and the research recommendations came as follows: 1- Attaching special importance to drafting international contracts for building and construction, and entrusting this task to a team of legal, technical and economic experts who have the scientific and practical qualities that qualify them to do this task in the best way, so that the parties to these contracts can avoid or at least reduce the disputes arising from these contracts. 2- Preparation and drafting of a unified Arab contract as a model for concluding international contracts for building and construction, which is evident in the customs and habits of this industry derived from our contemporary reality and in line with the legal concepts prevailing in our Arab countries, so that they act as the actual guarantee on which every contractor from our Arab society depends.
دراسة تأثير المعاملة بمستخلص قشور الرّمان على الحمولة الميكروبية لعينات لحم حملان العواس المغلّفة عند حفظها بالتجميد
Authors: الحميد رائد احمد , العلي نها شحاده , عبد الحليم فاتح ممدوح , الناصر محمود حسين
Published: January 2022

تم في هذا البحث دراسة التأثير على تعداد الكائنات الحية الدقيقة وتغيرات هذه الحمولة الميكروبية على لحم حملان العواس بعد تغليفها وتخزينها لمدة 6 أشهر تحت ظروف التجميد (-18م) من خلال المعاملة بمستخلص قشور الرّمان. وقد أجريت اختبارات البحث في مخابر قسم علوم الأغذية في كلية الهندسة الزراعية بدير الزور، إذ أظهرت نتائج اختبارات تعداد الحمولة الميكروبية وجود فروق معنوية في أعداد البكتريا اللاهوائية المحبة للحرارة المتوسطة بين العينات المعاملة بالمستخلص وعينات الشاهد خلال فترة التخزين. كما لوحظ وجود فروق معنوية في أعداد بكتريا E.coli وكانت العينات المعاملة بالتركيز (1.5%) الأقل تعداداً مقارنة بالعينات المعاملة بالتراكيز الأخرى، فقد انخفض متوسط لوغاريتم أعداد بكتريا E.coli في عينات لحم حملان العواس من (7.74، 7.45، 6.64) في بداية فترة التخزين إلى (3.72، 2.54، 1.21) في نهايتها وذلك عند استخدام تراكيز مستخلص قشور الرّمان (0.5، 1، 1.5%) على التوالي. وانخفض متوسط لوغاريتم أعداد البكتريا Pseudomonas وفقاً لتركيز المستخلص (0.5%، 1%، 1.5%) من (11.07، 11.02، 10.46) في بداية فترة التخزين إلى (7.12، 6.23، 2.98) في نهاية فترة التخزين على التوالي، أما بالنسبة لعينات الشاهد (غير المعاملة بالمستخلص) فقد ازدادت فيها أعداد البكتريا بشكل غير معنوي.
The degree of practicing servant leadership among the principals of governmental secondary schools in Amman governorate and its relation to teachers' motivation towards work: درجة ممارسة القيادة الخادمة لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية الحكومية في محافظة عمّان وعلاقتها بدافعية المعلمين نحو العمل
Authors: Sana Abdullah Hussain Abu Roman Sana Abdullah Hussain Abu Roman
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to identify the degree of practicing servant leadership by the principals of governmental secondary school in Amman governorate and its relation to teachers' motivation towards work, from teachers’ point of view, Descriptive correlative research method as the most suitable method for this study and adopted the questionnaire as a means of collecting data both for the servant leadership or motivation. The sample of the study consisted of (347) teachers. They were chosen intentionally from governmental secondary schools in Amman. The descriptive correlational methodology was used. Two questionnaires were used as a tool of the study to collect data, after finding their validity and reliability; the findings showed that the degree of practicing servant leadership by governmental secondary school principals in Amman governorate from teachers’ point of view was low. The level of teachers' motivation towards work was low too. There was a positive significant correlational relationship at (α≤0.05) between the degree of practicing servant leadership by governmental secondary school principals in Amman governorate and teachers' motivation towards work. The Pearson value was (0.61). The main recommendations of the study: organizing training courses on servant leadership for principals of public secondary schools in Jordan., and the adoption of servant leadership in the evaluation process and the selection of school principals by the Ministry of Education.
The Degree of school Principals Acquiring of educational technology competencies and its relation to teacher application of education technology from teachers point of view: درجة امتلاك مديري المدارس لكفايات تكنولوجيا التعليم وعلاقته بمستوى توظيف المعلمين لتكنولوجيا التعليم من وجهة نظر المعلمين
Authors: Kawthar Mohammad Rasheed Banisaeed Kawthar Mohammad Rasheed Banisaeed
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to identify the degree of school principals acquiring of educational technology competencies and its relation to teacher implementation of education technology from teachers point of view, the study used the descriptive analysis correlative approach, two questionnaires were development first one consisted from (20) paragraph, to determine the school principals acquiring of educational technology competences, the second also consisted from (20) paragraph to determine the teacher implementation of education technology , the sample of study consisted from (340) female and male teacher. However, the finding of study showed that the school principals acquiring of educational technology competencies from teacher point of view was average and the teacher implementation of education technology from teacher point of view was also average, the finding also showed there was a statistically significant relationship between the school principals acquiring of educational technology and teacher implementation of them at the level of (α ≤ 0.05). In addition, the finding showed there weren’t any significant relation in the degree of school principals acquiring of educational technology competencies from teacher point of view refers to variable of teacher's sex. Furthermore, there were significant differences at (α ≤ 0.05) according to teacher qualification for higher education.
Responses of Al-Zamlkani Died in 651 Hijri in his book " Ghayat Al muhassal fi sharh Al mofassal" to Al-Zamakhshari and Abn-Al Hajeb in the names section: presentation and study
Authors: Wadha Ahmad Mossad Al-Wargash Wadha Ahmad Mossad Al-Wargash
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to identify some of Al-Zamlkani's responses and evaluate them according to the experts of linguistics using the descriptive and analytical method. This was achieved with a presentation of a brief translation of Al-Zamlkani; as the research centered on collecting the scholar's responses in his explanation in the nouns' chapters and his genres and grammatical aspects in more than one chapter. This includes a response to an Absolute Had (limit) that needed a restriction, or certain expressions that confuse the scholar; thus, where incorrectly studied. As for his response to Ibn al-Hajib in the chapter related to his personal perspectives presented in this explanation, he opposed him on the one aspect; while defended what Al-Zamakhshari mentioned about some of them in other chapters. These issues were presented in two topics: The first was Al-Zamlkani's responses to Al-Zamakhshari and Ibn al-Hajib in the nouns' categories; while the second was Al-Zamlkani's responses to al-Zamakhshari and Ibn al-Hajib in the aspects of noun parsing. The most important results demonstrated by the research were that Al-Zamlkani was seeking to facilitate the language and clarify the grammatical issues; as his responses varied when discussing Al-Zamakhshari; including a response to an Absolute Had that required restriction or expressions that confuse the scholar; thus, where incorrectly studied. Al-Zamlkani also dealt with chapters of certain grammatical aspects; where his responses showed reliance on the logical aspect and philosophical thought at times and on his sheik and teacher Ibn al-Hajib’s belief at other times by quoting what was explicitly or implicitly mentioned. The lack of interpretation and clarification in some of Al-Zamakhshari's phrases is a reason for the confusion that does not have a meaning for the scholars, including Al-Zamlkani.
Identifying signatures of thermal and non-thermal reaction pathways in plasmon induced H2 + D2 exchange reaction
Authors: Taur Amaraja , Singh Saurabh Kumar , Shirhatti Pranav Ravindra
Published: January 2022

In this work we demonstrate a strategy for identifying experimental signatures of thermal and non-thermal effects in plasmon mediated heterogeneous catalytic chemistry, a topic widely debated and discussed in the literature. Our method is based on monitoring the progress of plasmon-induced (or thermally-driven) reaction, carried out in a closed system, all the way to equilibrium. Initial part of evolution of the reaction provides information about kinetics, whereas at later times the equilibrium concentrations provide information about effective temperature at the reaction sites. Combining these two pieces of information we estimate the activation energies. Using this strategy on H 2 (g) + D 2 (g) <-->2 HD(g) isotope exchange reaction, catalyzed by Au nanoparticles under thermally-driven and light-induced conditions, we estimate the activation energies to be 0.75 ± 0.02 eV and 0.21 ± 0.02 eV, respectively. These vastly different activation energies observed are interpreted as a signature of different reaction pathways followed by the system under thermally-driven and light-induced conditions.
Out-of-plane faradaic ion concentration polarization: stable focusing of charged analytes at a three-dimensional porous electrode
Authors: Berzina Beatrise , Kim Sungu , Peramune Umesha , Saurabh Kumar , Ganapathysubramanian Baskar , Anand Robbyn
Published: January 2022

Ion concentration polarization (ICP) accomplishes preconcentration for bioanalysis by localized depletion of electrolyte ions, thereby generating a gradient in electric field strength that facilitates electrokinetic focusing of charged analytes by their electromigration against opposing fluid flow. Such ICP focusing has been shown to accomplish up to a million-fold enrichment of nucleic acids and proteins in single-stage preconcentrators. However, the rate at which the sample volume is swept is limited, requiring several hours to achieve these high enrichment factors. This limitation is caused by two factors. First, an ion depleted zone (IDZ) formed at a planar membrane or electrode may not extend across the full channel cross section under the flow rate employed for focusing, thereby allowing the analyte “leak” past the IDZ. Second, within the IDZ, large fluid vortices lead to mixing, which decreases the efficiency of analyte enrichment and worsens with increased channel dimensions. Here, we address these challenges with faradaic ICP (fICP) at a three-dimensional (3D) electrode comprising metallic microbeads. This 3D-electrode distributes the IDZ, and therefore, the electric field gradient utilized for counter-flow focusing across the full height of the fluidic channel, and its large area, microstructured surface supports smaller vortices. An additional bed of insulating microbeads restricts flow patterns and supplies a large area for surface conduction of ions through the IDZ. Finally, the resistance of this secondary bed enhances focusing by locally strengthening sequestering forces. This easy-to-build platform lays a foundation for the integration of enrichment with user-defined packed bed and electrode materials.
Unusual milk oligosaccharides and the biosynthetic pathways
Authors: Weng Wei-Chien , Liao Hun-En , Huang Shih-Pei , Tsai Shang-Ting , Hsu Hsu-Chen , Liew Chia-Yen , Gannedi Veeranjaneyulu , Hung Shang-Cheng , Ni Chi-Kung
Published: January 2022

Free oligosaccharides are abundant macronutrients in milk and involved in prebiotic functions and antiadhesive binding of pathogenic bacteria to colonocytes. Despite the importance of these oligosaccharides, structural determination of oligosaccharides is challenging, and milk oligosaccharide biosynthetic pathways remain unclear. Oligosaccharide structures are conventionally determined using a combination of chemical reactions, exoglycosidase digestion, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Most reported free oligosaccharides are highly abundant and have lactose at the reducing end, and current oligosaccharide biosynthetic pathways in human milk are proposed based on these oligosaccharides. In this study, a new mass spectrometry technique, which can identify linkages, anomericities, and stereoisomers, was applied to determine the structures of free oligosaccharides in human, bovine, and caprine milk. Oligosaccharides that do not follow the current biosynthetic pathways and are not synthesized by any discovered enzymes were found, indicating the existence of undiscovered biosynthetic pathways and enzymes. New biosynthetic pathways were proposed.
Lithium Ion Battery Materials as Tunable, Redox Non-Innocent Catalyst Supports
Authors: Chapovetsky Alon , Witzke Ryan J. , Kennedy Robert , Wegener Evan , Dogan Fulya , Patel Prajay , Ferrandon Magali , Niklas Jens , Poluektov Oleg , Rui Ning , Senanayake Sanjaya D. , Rodriguez José A. , Zaluzec Nestor , Yu Lei , Wen Jianguo , Johnson Christopher , Jenks Cynthia , Kropf A. Jeremy , Liu Cong , Delferro Massimiliano , Kaphan David
Published: January 2022

The development of general strategies for the electronic tuning of a catalyst’s active site is an ongoing challenge in heterogeneous catalysis. To this end, herein we describe the application of Li-ion battery cathode and anode materials as redox non-innocent catalyst supports that can be continuously modulated as a function of lithium intercalation. A zero-valent nickel complex was oxidatively grafted onto the surface of lithium manganese oxide (LixMn2O4) to yield isolated Ni(II) occupying the vacant interstitial octahedral site in the Li diffusion channel on the surface and subsurface of the spinel structure (Ni/LixMn2O4). The activity of Ni/LixMn2O4 for olefin hydrogenation, as a representative probe reaction, was found to increase monotonically as a function of support reductive lithiation. Simulation of Ni/LixMn2O4 reveals the dramatic impact of surface redox states on the viability of the homolytic oxidative addition mechanism for H2 activation. Catalyst control through support lithiation was extended to an organotantalum complex on LixTiO2, demonstrating the generality of this phenomenon.
Necrotic debris and STING exert therapeutically relevant effects on tumor cholesterol homeostasis
Authors: Katakam Sampath , Anand Santosh , Martin Patricia , Riggi Nicolo , Stamenkovic Ivan
Published: January 2022

Malignant tumors commonly display necrosis, which invariably triggers an inflammatory response that supports tumor growth. However, the effect on tumor cells of necrotic debris, or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released by dying cells is unknown. Here, we addressed the effect of DAMPs on primary Ewing sarcoma (EwS) cells and cell lines grown in 3D (spheroids) and 2D culture. We show that DAMPs promote the growth of EwS spheroids but not 2D cultures and that the underlying mechanism implicates an increase in cholesterol load in spheroids. In contrast, stimulation of the nucleic acid sensor signaling platform STING by its ligand cyclic GMP-AMP decreases the tumor cell cholesterol load and reduces their tumor initiating ability. Overexpression of STING or stimulation with cyclic GMP-AMP opposes the growth stimulatory effect of DAMPs and synergizes with the cholesterol synthesis inhibitor simvastatin to inhibit tumor growth. Our observations show that modulation of cholesterol homeostasis is a major effect of necrotic cell debris and STING and suggest that combining STING agonists with statins may help control tumor growth.