bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The New Materialism and Post-Humanist Studies
Authors: YILMAZ Sait
Published: July 2023

Through revolutionary developments in science and technology, human beings arrived at the stage of exceeding “being human”. In our time, from a human model that utilizes machines, we will move to the human-machine, in which the human is reinforced by the machine and eventually becomes a type of human exploited by machines. The “Internet of Things” represents the early model of the mega digital machine of humans. The “thing” that is now an article will be a human being in the future. In the new world order, with the exception of those on the top, the elites who represent “technocratic dictatorship”, there will be no more Homo sapiens (Human 1.0), “individual”, “master”, or “independent person”. Approximately 7-8 million people will not need to be trans-human; that is, they will protect their independent roots. The others will race for improvement, and despite being exposed to death, they will be subject to a depopulation (population reduction) program. As in the pandemic period, people will be told that it is to their benefit, but they will not have the right to choose. The program of human development will target humankind. In short, given the tsunami of crisis produced by the new technological materialism, world politics will go beyond being the mediator of the manipulation of the elite. In the current ideological dimension, discussions will focus on the new materialism and post-humanist studies to investigate the future of the world in an ongoing technological revolution and its effects on human beings subject to the transformation of their lives manipulated by world elites.
SURVEYING RELATIONS WITHIN THE COMPANY AS AN ELEMENT OF THE COMPLANS CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: Berezina Yuliya P.
Published: July 2023

The negative trends emerging in the economy of mining enterprises predetermine the need to use a risk-based production management model, forcing owners to seek and implement additional control procedures. Through intra-company mine surveying relations, control is exercised over other subsoil user divisions and contractors. Such internal mine surveying control is an element of the compliance control system. The author analyzed the local regulations of coal mining enterprises. The paper studies the stages of mine surveying control procedures. On-farm mine surveying procedures make it possible to identify violations and direct the efforts of related structural units to eliminate them. It is recommended to create local regulations with the mechanism of mine surveying compliance. The concept of mine surveying compliance is formulated as mine surveying support for subsoil use, carried out on the basis of intra-economic relations, in order to prevent violations of existing norms and rules, to ensure private interest in the assessment of production activities.
LEGAL CULTURE AS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT LEGAL SYSTEM
Authors: Solovieva Victoria V.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the history and current state of the study of legal culture by theoretical and legal science, the definition of the main trends in modern theoretical knowledge of this subject, the rationale for the need for an integrated approach to understanding legal culture and the identification of the most promising areas for future research. It has been revealed that the common content of all definitions of legal culture are such characteristics as observance of the rules of conduct, the presence of moral convictions, possession of legal knowledge and the ability to apply it, responsibility of a person for his own behavior, awareness of legal values, meanings and attitudes. It is noted that common in the content of all definitions of the category «legal culture» are such characteristics as possession of legal knowledge and the ability to apply it, awareness of legal values, meanings and attitudes, the presence of moral convictions and responsibility of the individual for their own behavior, compliance with the rules of conduct. The analysis of elements of legal culture is carried out. Emphasis is placed on the issue of respect for law (law) as recognition of its social value. The maturity of legal culture is an important factor in establishing the principle of the rule of law in all spheres of public life, the implementation of the legal status of the individual, his rights and freedoms.
Modern Trends in the Development of Professional Activity of a Teacher of Choreographic Education
Authors: Go Chzhizho
Published: July 2023

This article examines the current trends in the development of professional activity of a teacher of choreographic education.

The author draws attention to the integration of multimedia and interactive technologies, the inclusion of modern dance styles, the use of an individual approach and an emphasis on social responsibility. The importance of self-study and strengthening ties with the professional community are also discussed.
Development of Foreign Language Communicative Competence of the Language Training Students Based on a Lexical Approach
Authors: Bogatyreva S. , Alieva P.
Published: July 2023

Vocabulary is the basis of the language, and the most important part of learning is the ability to understand and reproduce lexical units. The proposed article emphasizes that the language activity corresponding to the lexical approach in teaching foreign languages should be based on raising students' awareness of the lexical nature of the language. In the presented work, the characteristics of the correlations of the graphic appearance of similar English and Russian words are given, the concepts of direct and indirect correlation of similar words, the concept of polysemy in similar words are defined. Cases are indicated when a polysemantic word does not always correspond in its meaning to a similar Russian word and situations when English similar words cannot be translated into Russian by similar related words, since the semantics of these similar words has received somewhat different development in English and Russian.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF PRACTICAL TRAINING OF PSYCHOLOGISTS FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES
Authors: Minina Irina
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the modern conditions of professional training of psychologists for law enforcement agencies. The author suggests formats of cooperation with educational organizations on practical training of future specialists. The expediency of legislative consolidation of the possibility of concluding an agreement for internship in law enforcement agencies by students of a non-legal profile is determined, provided that the organization has structural units and specialists corresponding to the direction of training in the staff.
GENDER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOCIO-COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OFFICERS
Authors: Zhidkova Ol'ga , Zueva Evgeniya
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the phenomenon of socio-communicative competence of internal affairs officers, which reflects the ability of an individual to function successfully in society and interact with people around him/her in accordance with his/her social status. An author's understanding of the construct 'socio-communicative competence' is proposed. The aim of the research consisted in analysing the indicators of socio-communicative competence of internal affairs officers, as well as in identifying gender-specific features of its manifestation. The research sample consisted of 150 respondents, who were divided into two groups according to their gender: men (n=86) and women (n=64). The average age of the subjects was 21.34. The research was carried out using a set of empirical and mathematical-statistical methods. The following methods were used to collect empirical data: the diagnostic technique of communicative and social competence (CSC) and the diagnostic technique of communicative tolerance. The empirical material was processed using a specialised computer software package IBM SPSS Statistics 23 and Excel. A comparative and correlation analysis of the research data was carried out. A comparative analysis showed significant differences between men and women in terms of the CSC technique scales (Factor C, Factor K, Factor H), as well as the communication tolerance diagnostic technique (striving to remake a partner, intolerance for discomfort). The correlation analysis revealed: communicative tolerance for men is associated with sociability, emotional stability and focus on others; for women, it is associated with emotional stability, self-control and focus on compliance with social norms. The scientific novelty of the research consists in identifying gender differences in the indicators of socio-communicative competence of internal affairs officers
New methodology and new textbooks for the national education system in Russia (from interdisciplinarity to consistency and morality)
Authors: Privalov Nikolay , Bashmakova Natal'ya
Published: July 2023

The subject of the article is the problem of the crisis of the Russian education system and, above all, the ideology and general methodology of teaching in the field of humanities. The purpose of the study is to formulate the main directions of reforming the education system and new principles as part of the author's methodology of training courses for higher education in the conditions of Russia's withdrawal from the Bologna process and the formation of a national educational system.

The modern education system is the result of many trends in the development of society - and above all secularization, the separation of science from religion and the development of the positivist nature of scientific knowledge. The crisis of modern education is a manifestation of the crisis of positivist science and the global crisis. Rus-sia was the first in the world among non-Muslim countries to publicly declare the re-jection of liberal principles of social structure. Digital education carries significant risks to the physical and spiritual health of the youth and society. With all its ad-vantages, it needs a radical reform and strict state and public control. The fundamental reform of education in Russia should be aimed at scrapping the liberal ideology and formal quantitative methods of evaluating the results of the education process. The ap-peal to national traditions, mentality and, above all, to the achievements of traditional religions and centuries-old folk morality should compensate for the inevitable negative side effect of the technological side of education. The paper proposes a new methodol-ogy – moral and religious neo-institutionalism, containing three main principles – sys-tem, balance and morality. The latest practical result of its implementation is the launch of the publication of the INFRA-M publishing house of a series of books "Rus-sian University Textbook on Economics and Management" intended for master's de-gree (advanced level). Among them is the textbook "Economic theory. Russian Eco-nomics" - took the first place in the international academic course "Academus" in the nomination "Economics and Management".
Local self-government in the post-Soviet period: institutional aspects of evolution
Authors: Martynov Mihail
Published: July 2023

The aim was to study the evolution of the institute of local self-government in the post-Soviet period of Russia's development. The research methods were content analysis of the messages of the President of the Russian Federation and work with archival materials. As a result of the analysis of the selected types of sources, the hypothesis was confirmed that the establishment of local self-government in the mid-1990s in a radical form in the form of separation from the public administration system was situationally political in nature, meeting the interests of the municipal elite. The political force that made the separation of local self-government bodies from the system of state power, the dominant discourse, became the municipal elite. Having provided support to B. in the summer and autumn of 1993. In opposition to Yeltsin with the Supreme Soviet, she received in return the maximum independence on the ground, which was fundamentally important for her in the conditions of unfolding privatization. At the same time, it was protected from control "from above" by the status of local self-government, isolated from the state structure, and there could be no control "from below", due to the absence of the middle class. The inconsistency of this form of organization of local self-government with the basic socio-economic parameters predetermined the further evolution of this institution in the direction of inclusion in the system of public power and strengthening of state control. Thus, this evolution was not a consequence of the central government's voluntaristic desire to spread authoritarian trends to the lower "floors" of management, as foreign authors often write, but a completely natural process. A particular conclusion of a methodological nature is also made that studies of the evolution of local self-government in the post-Soviet period demonstrate the limitations of a institutional approach that absolutizes the role of institutions in solving problems of social development.
Devolution in political and legal practice of modern states
Authors: Kochetkov E.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes he specifics of devolutionary processes in modern states. The author defines devolution as the transfer by the central power structures of part of the powers to autonomous territories. Criteria for differentiation of decentralization of power and devolution are singled out. A review of the existing scientific literature on the subject under consideration has shown that there is no consensus among researchers on the nature of the phenomenon of devolution. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that devolution is a product of globalization. Vectors of the implementation of devolution are presented: legislative powers, powers in the field of collecting and spending budget funds, language policy, ethnic policy, foreign policy powers. The systems of distribution of power between the center and regions in Germany, Italy, Spain, Great Britain are analyzed. The author notes the advantages and disadvantages of existing power distribution systems.
Benchmarking of the e-Learning Quality Assurance in Vocational Education and Training: Project Results
Authors: Lengyelova Kristina , Dimopoulou Nefeli
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The paper aims to present project No. 2020-1-SK01-KA226-VET094266 BEQUEL and partial results of the benchmarking questionnaire. 
Methodology/Approach: The starting point for the project solution was an analysis of the current state of ensuring the quality of e-learning in vocational training and education in the partner countries of the project (Slovakia, Greece, Spain, and Italy) and an overview of laws and regulations valid at the European level and in the world. A benchmarking survey was conducted to determine the level of e-learning quality assurance in these countries compared to good practices in the European Union. The Benchmarking Badge published monthly on the www.bequal.info portal tracks changes over time.
Findings: The average standard for the four involved countries after the pandemic was the level for VET (Vocational Education and Training) providers: (1) strategy and policy for e-learning 71.6%, (2) support for trainers and trainees for e-learning 70.4, (3) infrastructure support for e-learning 74.9%, (4) program/course design and development and approval for e-learning provision 75.8%, and (5) e-learning training program evaluation procedures 67.9%.
Research Limitation/Implication: On the one hand, the project was limited by the measures of the Covid-19 pandemic, during which face-to-face meetings and training were not allowed. Still, on the other hand, the VET providers recognised their weaknesses, strengths, and readiness for complete online education.
Originality/Value of paper: Examples of good practice and video presentations inspire improving the quality of e-learning in VET.
Comparative Analysis of Innovation Districts to Set Up Performance Goals for Tec Innovation District
Authors: Alarcón-Martínez Jaime Eduardo , Güemes-Castorena David , Flegl Martin
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Innovation districts represent a way to create, foster, and manage innovation. Different regions apply their strategy according to the dominant stakeholder in the region, such as academia, industry, government, or entrepreneurs. This research aims to evaluate different innovation districts from a production system point of view to determine the output goals for a Tec Innovation District.
Methodology/Approach: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was determined to be the best tool for this study; the variable returns to scale output-oriented model was used to determine the goals for the new district; also, the bootstrap method was employed to analyse the efficiency sensitivity in the sample of districts.
Findings: The average technical efficiency of the analysed innovation districts was 0.659, with the highest technical efficiency observed in the case of the Entrepreneurial type (0.831) and Industry Cluster (0.820) districts, whereas the Local government type registered the lowest technical efficiency (0.468).
Research Limitation/Implication: The projections for the Tec Innovation District’s output variables were obtained using a set of U.S. innovation districts due to the similarity of the studied region to the available group. The research allowed us to determine realistic outputs for the studied innovation district.
Originality/Value of paper: The study employs an original DEA for comparing innovation districts and performs a bootstrap to study the system’s robustness; within this research, the performance level of a new district was calculated to be within a specific efficiency level, according to their peers.
Highlighting the latest research: July 2023
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane , Cowan Helen
Published: July 2023

Sarah Jane Palmer presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing, while Helen Cowan explores their application to practice. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected and highlight their relevance to cardiac nursing practice. A full reference is provided for those who wish to look at the research in further detail.
A day in the life
Authors: Silver Rebecca
Published: July 2023

Rebecca Silver takes us through the typical day of a dental nurse.
Antimicrobial Resistance: A Call to Arms
Authors: Davies Dame Sally
Published: July 2023

Engineers of all disciplines have a role to play in tackling antimicrobial resistance writes former chief medical officer Prof Dame Sally Davies
Gustave Eiffel: Towering Ambitions
Authors: Smith Nick
Published: July 2023

Best known for his eponymous tower in Paris and the Statue of Liberty in New York, Gustave Eiffel’s career was a mixture of technical achievement, public scandal and obscurity.
Bionic System Restores Sight
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

Trials reverse effects of age-related macular degeneration
Sensor Boost for 3D Chip Production
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

FBAR system is 1,000 times more accurate than existing sensors
Leeds Team Strike Gold in Laboratory
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

Rich seam of applications for ultra-thin 2D material
Challenging the Islamic City Paradigm: A Trial for Ottoman Urban Spaces through the Lens of Collective Action Theory
Authors: KARAKAŞ DEMİR Handan
Published: July 2023

This article focuses on collective actions in Ottoman cities to respond to the Weberian notion of the Islamic city, suggesting Islamic city dwellers’ incapability to act collectively. For this purpose, the study scrutinizes the collective appeals made by city dwellers to Ottoman courts, employing Charles Tilly’s theory of collective action. By conducting an extensive literature review of the Islamic city paradigm and analyzing court records, this article argues that Ottoman city dwellers possessed urban consciousness and engaged in collective actions for the betterment of their living environment, challenging the belief that such actions were absent in Muslim societies. Studies on this topic so far have neither employed a comprehensive theoretical approach nor have they

considered the place dimension. Furthermore, this article suggests that essential indicators of Ottoman cities’ urban culture are joint decision-making, apprehension of urban problems, organizational capacity, and collective actions.
Arapça ve İbranice Filistin Basınından Örneklerde Türk Millî Mücadelesi, 1919-1922
Authors: TEZCAN Selim
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışma, Filistin’de 1919 ile 1922 arasında yayımlanan Arapça ve İbranice beş gazetenin Türk Millî Mücadelesi’ne dair yorumlarını inceleyerek şu soruyu ele almaktadır: Filistin’de bu dönemde yayımlanan bazı önemli Arapça ve İbranice gazeteler Millî Mücadele’ye nasıl yaklaşıyorlardı ve benimsedikleri farklı tutumların ardında hangi nedenler yatmaktaydı? İncelemenin ortaya

koyduğu üzere, Arapça gazetelerden el-Karmil ile Mirʾatü’ş-Şarḳ Kuvâyı Milliye’ye yakın ilgi göstererek hararetli bir destek veriyorlardı. Bu tutumlarının başlıca nedeni, aynı dönemde kurulup resmîleşme sürecinde olan İngiliz Mandası’na ve onun gerçekleştirmeyi taahhüt ettiği Balfour Deklarasyonu’na karşı duydukları endişeydi. Siyonizm’e onlar gibi muhalif olan Filisṭîn ise Birinci Dünya Savaşı ve sonrasında Şerif Hüseyin ve oğullarıyla hareket eden Hüseynî ailesine yakınlığı nedeniyle Millî Mücadele’ye karşı menfi olmasa bile çok daha mesafeli bir tutum benimsemişti. Diğer yandan

İbranice gazeteler Do’ar ha-Yom ve Haaretz İngiliz Mandası’nın Anadolu’daki savaş sonuçlanmadan yürürlüğe girmeyeceği hesabıyla sabırsızlanıyor, iki tarafın karşılıklı tavizlerde bulunmalarını ve Avrupa ülkelerinin barış için aracılık yapmasını salık veriyorlardı.
Doğu’dan Batı’ya Masalın Serüveni: Dünya Masalları (2 cilt). Ed. Prof. Dr. Fatma Ahsen Turan, Prof. Dr. Habibe Yazıcı Ersoy ve Doç. Dr. Şengül Demirel, Nobel Kültür Yayınları, 2022.
Authors: ARSLAN Tunahan Eren
Published: July 2023

Doğu’dan Batı’ya Masalın Serüveni: Dünya Masalları (2 cilt). Ed. Prof. Dr. Fatma Ahsen Turan, Prof. Dr. Habibe Yazıcı Ersoy ve Doç. Dr. Şengül Demirel, Nobel Kültür Yayınları, 2022.
Everyday reconciliations of ‘foodyism’ and meat alternatives
Authors: Koponen Sami , Niva Mari , Laakso Senja , Silander Niina
Published: July 2023

Meat alternatives may play an important role in sustainable food transitions. However, numerous barriers to the increased consumption of these products have been identified. This paper explores the consumption of meat alternatives in relation to ‘foodyism’, understood here as contemporary discourses and practices of gourmet food glorifying ‘exoticism’ and ‘authenticity’. Foodyism can be viewed as a relevant cultural barrier to the increased uptake of meat alternatives, especially due to its adherence to the notion of authenticity. The paper argues that the cultural and symbolic tension between foodyism and meat alternatives must be sufficiently resolved if meat alternatives are to play a key role in sustainable food transitions. Accordingly, inspired by practice theoretical approaches in consumption research, and based on an analysis of qualitative data collected in Finland in 2020 through an online questionnaire (N=448, of which 49 were included in the final analysis), the paper focuses on describing the reconciliation of foodyism and meat alternatives already evident in the food-related practices of food practitioners. The performances of reconciliation described in this paper are characterised by ‘looking beyond individual ingredients’, ‘laborious and skilful cooking’, and the meanings of home food and creativity. The results suggest that the ways of ‘doing foodyism’ may be changing in the wake of the current ecological crises, and the paper argues that the new patterns are worth advocating in efforts to advance the practical and symbolic acceptance of meat alternatives.
Devonian-Mississippian faulting controlled by WNW-ESE-striking structural grain in Proterozoic basement rocks in Billefjorden, central Spitsbergen
Authors: Koehl Jean-Baptiste P. , Christophersen Gard , Collombin Maxime , Taule Christoffer , Stokmo Eirik M.B. , Allaart Lis
Published: July 2023

In Billefjorden, central Spitsbergen, Devonian collapse and Carboniferous rift-related sedimentary strata were deposited unconformably over Proterozoic basement rocks displaying well developed N-S-trending Caledonian grain. Caledonian structures and fabrics are thought to have controlled the location and trend of subsequent Devonian and Carboniferous basin-bounding faults like the Billefjorden fault zone and Lemströmfjellet–Løvehovden fault. However, fieldwork and interpretation of aerial photographs in Proterozoic basement rocks reveal the existence of steep, abundant, WNW-ESE-striking brittle faults that are sub-orthogonal to known major Caledonian and post-Caledonian structures in Billefjorden, but that do not extend into adjacent-overlying, rift-related, Pennsylvanian rocks of the Gipsdalen Group. Structural analysis of field data and aerial photographs suggest that WNW-ESE-striking faults in basement rocks in Billefjorden formed as (sinistral) strike-slip and normal faults during Devonian-Mississippian extension in agreement with previously inferred models of sinistral transtension. The abundance of these faults suggest that their formation was controlled by analogously trending, preexisting structural grain (planar anisotropies) at depth, and their pronounced WNW-ESE strike suggest that the strike of preexisting anisotropies were comparable to recently identified, crustal-scale, WNW-ESE-striking Timanian thrust systems in Svalbard and the northern Barents Sea.
Ppb-level methane detection sensitivity based on a homemade Raman fiber amplifier and differential photoacoustic technology
Authors: Zhang Tie , Wang LiHui , Huang Yan , He Haijie , He Sailing , Wang GaoXuan
Published: July 2023

A high-power near-infrared wavelength-modulated differential photoacoustic spectroscopy sensor for parts-per-billion (ppb) level methane detection is reported by using a homemade Raman fiber optical amplifier. A commercial 1653.7 nm continuous wave distributed feedback laser is employed as a seed source to excite a high light power of ∼550mW, which greatly improves sensor performance. Wavelength modulation spectroscopy and differential techniques are applied to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the photoacoustic signal. A 1σ minimum detection limit of ∼10ppb for methane detection is achieved with an integration time of 10 s.
Precise pointing angle deviation measurement for beaconless laser communication
Authors: Zou Yansheng , Zhang Shenmao , Fan Qirun , Ao Xueyuan , Mei Tianjin , Huang Ke , Yang Qi , Liu Deming , Liu Chen
Published: July 2023

How to measure the pointing angle precisely without the beacon light is crucial for beaconless laser communication. The conventional intensity method directly measures the intensity of a part of the communication signal beam, which has low sensitivity. We propose the characteristic signal method by superimposing a low-frequency sinusoidal signal on the communication signal to promote the measuring sensitivity. Simultaneously, a fast cyclic cross-correlation algorithm is used to reduce operational complexity. Compared with the experimental results of the direct intensity method, the proposed method can improve the measuring sensitivity about 9.17 dB and increase the power budget for communication about 1.96 dB.
3D Lumerical simulation of silicon photodiodes with microholes for high-speed short-reach intra-datacenter interconnects
Authors: Hamadou D. B. , Ghandiparsi S. , Elfakharany R. , Landolsi T. , Elrefaie A. F. , Ahamed A. , Mayet A. S. , Perez C. B. , Devine E. P. , Wang S. Y. , Islam M. S.
Published: July 2023

3D simulations are conducted using Lumerical software to study the
performance of surface illuminated silicon positive–intrinsic–negative
photodiodes with microholes. Drift-diffusion equations are solved
including the effects of carrier lifetime due to Shockley–Read–Hall
and Auger recombination mechanisms, as well as high field mobility.
Lumerical’s FDTD tool is used to determine the light absorption in the
device. The generation profile is imported to Lumerical’s CHARGE tool
to determine the transient-limited impulse response. An equivalent
circuit of the photodiode with microholes is developed for the
simulation of an end-to-end high-speed system. Simulation results show
an open eye diagram at 50 Gbps for 20µm×20µm devices.
On the equivalence of binary phase masks optimized for localization or detection in extended depth-of-field localization microscopy
Authors: Lévêque Olivier , Kulcsár Caroline , Cognet Laurent , Goudail François
Published: July 2023

Binary annular masks have recently been proposed to extend the depth of field (DoF) of single-molecule localization microscopy. A strategy for designing optimal masks has been introduced based on maximizing the emitter localization accuracy, expressed in terms of Fisher information, over a targeted DoF range. However, the complete post-processing pipeline to localize a single emitter consists of two successive steps: detection, where the regions containing emitters are determined, and localization, where the sub-pixel position of each detected emitter is estimated. Phase masks usually optimize only this second step. The presence of a phase mask also affecting detection, the purpose of this paper is to quantify and mitigate this effect. Using a rigorous framework built from a detection-oriented information theoretical criterion (Bhattacharyya distance), we demonstrate that in most cases of practical significance, annular binary phase masks maximizing Fisher information also maximize the detection probability. This result supports the common design practice consisting of optimizing a phase mask by maximizing Fisher information only.
Photoswitching effect of graphene photogated diodes with interfacial layers
Authors: Shimatani Masaaki , Fukushima Shoichiro , Iwakawa Manabu , Ogawa Shinpei
Published: July 2023

Graphene/semiconductor heterojunction-based photodetectors are expected to achieve high performance in various wavelength regions. Graphene photogated diodes (GPDs) based on such heterojunctions are promising for the fabrication of high-performance photodetectors, which cannot be achieved using conventional technologies. However, their action mechanism has not yet been theoretically demonstrated. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of GPDs with and without an interfacial layer. We demonstrated that the thin interfacial native oxide layer is responsible for the reduction in the Fermi level induced by photogating, which is similar to “photoswitching.” This effect induces an extraordinarily large output current in GPDs with a barrier layer.
Broad-bandwidth and accurate optical vibration sensing by using FDM Φ-OTDR with linear regression analysis of multi-frequency phase responses
Authors: Wakisaka Yoshifumi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Iida Daisuke , Koshikiya Yusuke
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate Φ-OTDR distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) that realizes both a broad bandwidth for the vibration frequency and wide dynamic range for the vibration amplitude based on optical frequency-division-multiplexing (FDM). We enhance the sampling rate of DAS by using FDM while suppressing waveform distortion in time domain (spurious components in spectral domain) caused by sensor nonlinearity inherent in Φ-OTDR, thus improving dynamic range, with linear regression analysis of multi-frequency phase responses. The proposed method compares the phase offsets and responses of each frequency to those of a common reference frequency and uses the information to calibrate each of the different responses. We clarify the physical origin of the problem and the validity of the proposed method in both simulations and experiments. Experimental results show an improvement in dynamic range by above 8 dB on average for vibration waveforms with nɛ-order amplitudes and kHz-order frequencies over 10-km single-mode fiber.
Spherical aberration-based compensation method for narcissus
Authors: Li Lei , Zhong Xing , Qu Zheng , Xia Guangqing , Wang Yuanhang , Zeng Chaoli
Published: July 2023

The current narcissus optimization method can only reduce the magnitude of the narcissus under the premise of meeting the imaging quality requirements, and the optimized narcissus is still large. This paper proposes a spherical aberration-based compensation method for narcissus to eliminate narcissus without affecting image quality. Starting from the spherical aberration model of the optical system, the relationship between the spherical aberration of the front and rear surfaces of the lens and yni is obtained, since then the narcissus is linked to the spherical aberration of the optical system. After that, it is known from the definition of spherical aberration that the spherical aberration varies quadratically with the incident height, so the radiometric difference between the center and the edge of the image plane will be generated, and the narcissus-induced temperature difference (NITD) is generated by this radiometric difference. The positive and negative of the spherical aberration determines the positive and negative of the NITD, and the optimization of the spherical aberration results in a system with the NITD close to zero, enabling narcissus compensation. Finally, the total NITD is reduced to 0.0007 K after narcissus compensation. Compared with the conventional narcissus optimization method, the total NITD is reduced by more than a hundred times, which shows that the spherical aberration-based compensation method for narcissus can effectively suppress narcissus.
Distributed Optical Synthetic Aperture Position-Transformed Method with High-Frequency Domain Coverage
Authors: zhang kui , bao weimin , Fang Haiyan , Li Xiaoping , song yufeng
Published: July 2023

Realizing an ultrahigh-equivalent aperture for space-based direct optical detection using a distributed optical synthetic aperture (DOSA) system with a very low filling ratio is challenging. This study proposes a distributed optical synthetic-aperture position-transformed array with high-frequency domain coverage called HFCASA, based on the Archimedean spiral. The study shows that Golay3 HFCASA with a filling ratio of 0.0675% can greatly improve frequency domain coverage and fulfill the resolution requirements of a 200 m aperture telescope. HFCASA provides the theoretical basis for the future deep-space exploration of DOSA.
Enhancement of Transverse Magneto-Optic Kerr Effect in Subwavelength All-Dielectric Guided Mode Gratings with a Buffer Layer
Authors: Liu Youwen , li jun , Li Xiao
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a simple subwavelength all-dielectric photonic device with greatly enhanced transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) in the transmission mode. The concept utilizes the diffracted waves of the periodic magnetic material bismuth-substituted iron garnet grating to excite the guided mode in the planar waveguide, and adds a buffer layer under the all-dielectric guided mode grating. In the study, it was found that increasing the refractive index of the buffer layer can reduce the coupling between the grating and the guided mode, so that full width at half maximum of the transmission spectra can be narrowed, and the TMOKE can be greatly enhanced with a maximum amplitude of 1.82. It is worth noting that the TMOKE of the guided mode grating with a buffer layer is 3 times larger than that without a buffer layer, thus opening up different avenues for designing efficient, integrated and low-loss magneto-optical devices. Enhanced TOMKE has great potential for applications such as biosensing/high-resolution sensing, magneto-optical modulation and magnetic measurement.
Analytical performances of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay using stool specimens to improve the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Burkina Faso, a tuberculosis endemic country
Authors: Kaboré Odilon D. , Millogo Anselme , Sanogo Bintou , Birba Emile , Poda Armel , Nacro Boubacar , Marcy Olivier , Godreuil Sylvain , Ouédraogo Abdoul-Salam
Published: July 2023

Timely diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is associated with good prognosis, but remains difficult in primary healthcare facilities and particularly in children and patients living with HIV. The aim of this study was to compare the GeneXpert ® MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) performed using a stool sample (3–5 g) and using the first Respiratory Tract Sample (RTS; i.e., sputum, bronchoalveolar or gastric aspirate; as normally done) concomitantly collected from 119 patients with suspected PTB to improve PTB diagnosis in Burkina Faso, a high tuberculosis burden country with limited resources. Overall, microbiological, microscopic and molecular analysis of the 119 first RTS and 119 stool specimens led to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex detection in 28 patients (23 positive RTS cultures and 5 negative RTS cultures-RTS Xpert positive). When using the 28 clinical confirmed cases as reference standard, the sensitivities of the stool-based and RTS-based Xpert assays were not different (24/28, 85.7%, versus 26/28, 92.86%; p > 0.30), and 22 results were fully concordant. Considering the first RTS culture as the gold standard, the sensitivities of the stool-based and RTS-based Xpert assays to detect PTB in patients with positive RTS culture were 100% (23/23) and 91.3% (21/23), respectively (p >0.05). The stool-based Xpert assay specificity for excluding PTB was 99% (95/96) (compared with 95%, 91/96, when using RTS) and its negative and positive predictive values were 100% (95/95) and 96% (23/24), respectively. Compared with the 23 positive RTS cultures, the incremental yield rates of the RTS-based and stool-based Xpert assays were 4.2% (5/119) and 0.84% (1/119), respectively. Overall, our findings support using the stool-based Xpert assay as an alternative method for earlier PTB diagnosis, when RTS are difficult to obtain.
Prevalence and factors associated with long COVID and mental health status among recovered COVID-19 patients in southern Thailand
Authors: Phu Doan Hoang , Maneerattanasak Sarunya , Shohaimi Shamarina , Trang Le Thanh Thao , Nam Truong Thanh , Kuning Muminah , Like Aunchalee , Torpor Hameedah , Suwanbamrung Charuai
Published: July 2023

Mental health disorders have become a growing public health concern among individuals recovering from COVID-19. Long COVID, a condition where symptoms persist for an extended period, can predict psychological problems among COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of long COVID and mental health status among Thai adults who had recovered from COVID-19, identify the association between the mental health status and long COVID symptoms, and investigate the risk factors associated with the correlation between long COVID and mental health outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 939 randomly selected participants in Nakhon Si Thammarat province, southern Thailand. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 was used to investigate mental health symptoms, and a checklist comprised of thirteen common symptoms was used to identify the long COVID among participants. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the risk factors associated with mental health status and long COVID symptoms among participants. Among the 939 participants, 104 (11.1%) had depression, 179 (19.1%) had anxiety, and 42 (4.8%) were stressed. A total of 745 participants (79.3%) reported experiencing at least one symptom of long COVID, with fatigue (72.9%, SE±0.02), cough (66.0%, SE±0.02), and muscle pain (54.1%, SE±0.02) being the most frequently reported symptoms. All long COVID symptoms were significantly associated with mental health status. Shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest tightness were the highest risk factors for mental health status among COVID-19 patients. The final multivariable model indicated that female patients (OR = 1.89), medical history (OR = 1.92), and monthly income lower than 5,000 Thai baht (OR = 2.09) were associated with developing long COVID symptoms and mental health status (all p<0.01). This study provides valuable insights into the potential long-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health and enhances understanding of the mechanisms underlying the condition for predicting the occurrence of mental health issues in Thai COVID-19 patients.
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Abbas , Begum Most Setara , Ashraf Md , Azad Abul Kalam , Adhikary Avizit Chandra , Hossain Mohammad Sorowar
Published: July 2023

The textile wet processing industry is considered a notorious polluter due to its widespread use of natural resources without proper replenishment. Bangladesh is one of the largest producers of textile products in the World, and therefore, it is vulnerable to environmental degradation. Bangladesh is predominantly a cotton processing country; therefore, reactive dyes are commonly used, and the dye combination is very water and chemical-intensive. There is a scarcity of information on the consumption of water, textile dyes and the generation of wastewater in the textile sector. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the amount of water use, wastewater generation, and chemical use in textile wet processing units. Therefore, a face-to-face in-depth questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 18 textile wet processing factories, including knit composite, knit dyeing, yarn dyeing, denim dyeing, and knit and yarn dyeing. The average specific groundwater consumption to process 1 Kg of textile materials was 164 L/Kg (SD ~ 81.8); dyehouse water was136 L/Kg (SD ~ 70.6), while corresponding wastewater was 119 L/Kg (SD ~ 73.0). This high consumption of groundwater is directly linked to the depletion of groundwater in the region, where textile industries are situated and also, causes water pollution through wastewater generation. The water used in the dyehouse water was usually soft water and found to be in a range of 68% to 100% that of groundwater extracted. For chemical use, a factory used 449 g of chemicals to process 1 Kg of textile materials, in which the most widely used chemicals were inorganic and basic chemical in nature. However, the chemical use varied from 152 g/Kg to 705 g/Kg of textile production. The total chemical consumption ranged from 954 tons to 4,525 tons a year. More than 50% of the wastewater treatment plants were biological, a quarter of combination and physico-chemical and biological, and the rest were chemical treatment plants in this study. Even though this study may not represent the whole textile wet processing industry of Bangladesh, however, This study provides baseline information on water and chemical consumption and wastewater generation. Our findings would be helpful for policy makers and researchers to identify transformative challenges required at the national level.
Reseña del libro: Vela Delfa, Cristina y Cantamutto, Lucía (2021). Los emojis en la interacción digital escrita
Authors: Udachina Karolina
Published: July 2023

Reseña del libro: Vela Delfa, Cristina y Cantamutto, Lucía (2021). Los emojis en la interacción digital escrita.
El pretérito imperfecto de indicativo y su tratamiento en gramáticas de español para brasileños
Authors: Silveira de Araujo Leandro
Published: July 2023

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar cómo se registra el funcionamiento del Pretérito Imperfecto de Indicativo (IMP) en gramáticas de la lengua española para brasileños. Para ello, hemos partido de una reflexión sobre cómo el IMP estructura las informaciones de la temporalidad (Rojo, 1974, 1990; Rojo, Veiga, 1999) y de la aspectualidad verbales (García Fernández, 2008; Cartagena, 1999; Comrie, 2000), para luego observar cómo algunos estudios descriptivos de la lengua española (Porto Dapena, 1989; Gutiérrez Araus, 1997; RAE, 2010) documentan el uso de este tiempo pasado, es decir, si se apropian o no del marco teórico sobre las dos categorías temporales. En un segundo momento, hemos visitado brevemente la historiografía de la lingüística brasileña (Cavaliere, 2001) para enseñar cómo se ha producido la gramatización en el país y, en particular, la producción de gramáticas de español para brasileños en las últimas décadas. Con base en este escenario, hemos analizado tres gramáticas de E/LE en circulación en Brasil (Fanjul, 2005; Masip, 2010; Moreno García, Éres Fernández, 2012) con el fin de observar cómo se aborda la forma del IMP en estos materiales. La conclusión indica un camino aún por recorrer en el área de la producción gramatical de E/LE, ya que los manuales consultados son relativamente superficiales, incompletos y poco atentos al marco teórico sobre la temporalidad en los estudios más contemporáneos de la lengua. Así, destacamos la necesidad de agregar información más diversificada, que considere, por ejemplo, datos de divergencia y convergencia en el funcionamiento de las lenguas española y portuguesa, bien como factores sociales y discursivos que operan en el uso de la forma verbal.
Perfil identitario de profesores de español a migrantes y refugiados: compromiso, interculturalidad y dimensión social
Authors: García-Balsas Marta , Planelles Almeida Margarita
Published: July 2023

El papel de los profesores de lenguas es clave en el proceso de inclusión social de migrantes y refugiados. Aunque el perfil del profesorado de español como lengua extranjera ha recibido atención en los últimos años (Muñoz-Basols et al., 2017), las investigaciones centradas en los docentes que ejercen en contextos de migración son todavía muy escasas. Conocer las motivaciones y los retos que experimentan estos profesores resulta esencial para comprender su realidad laboral. El presente estudio explora los factores que determinan la identidad profesional de 34 docentes de español en contextos de migración. Para ello, se realizó un cuestionario en línea con preguntas abiertas y se llevó a cabo un análisis temático a través de un proceso de codificación mixta (Gibbs, 2013). Los resultados muestran un perfil identitario fuertemente construido sobre la labor como mediador intercultural (Kramsch, 2014) y agente de transformación social (Crozet, 2016).