bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 control measure and economic growth resilience in Central Africa: does corruption matter?
Authors: Merlin Ngono Aristide , Emmanuel Ongo Nkoa Bruno
Published: July 2023

This study assesses the effects of COVID-19 control measures on the
resilience of economic growth. We applied the ordinary least squares
method on a sample of 11 Central African countries with daily data from
2020 to 2021. According to the results, measures to combat COVID-19
(income support, fiscal debt relief, closure of schools and workplaces,
cancellation of public events, quarantine, handwashing and lockdown)
decrease the ability of economic growth to withstand the COVID-19 shock
and to return to equilibrium after the shock. Furthermore, the results
of the mediation analysis show that the effects of COVID-19 control
measures (income support and debt relief) on the resilience of economic
growth is mediated by corruption. From a policy perspective, we suggest
strengthening political, economic and health institutions to combat
future shocks.
Impact of olfactory disorders on personal safety & wellbeing: a cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Lee Liam , Luke Louis , Boak Duncan , Philpott Carl
Published: July 2023

Abstract Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction can expose
individuals to day-to-day safety hazards. We sought to investigate the
perceptions of safety in individuals affected with olfactory
dysfunction, quantify the incidence of hazardous events, and how safety
scares/incidents manifest through patient stories. Methods: A survey
that included questions to capture quantitative and qualitative data was
created. Responses were collected from 25th February 2022 to 28th
September 2022. The survey was distributed through Fifth Sense media
channels and open to anyone who claimed to suffer from olfactory
dysfunction. Results: Our survey collected responses from 432
individuals. The majority were female (79.6%), ages 41-70. Around a
fifth (16.7%) were non-UK residents, encompassing 21 different
countries. Covid-19 was the commonest cause of olfactory dysfunction
(22%). Majority (85.9%) were worried about any form of safety due to
their smell dysfunction. Gas, smoke and food were major concerns.
Specifically, 32.2%, 14.8%, 34.5%, 18.5% of participants have
experienced at least one food incident, gas incident, gas scare, and
work scare, respectively. Affected individuals have taken preventative
measures at home (60.2%). Conclusion: There is an unmet need in
mitigating safety concerns/events for individuals with olfactory
dysfunction. We suggest educating the public sector and high-risk
sectors such as gas companies, and introduction of safety ‘scratch and
sniff’ cards as a screening method. Regular assessment of an
individual’s olfactory ability, similar to routine assessments for other
sensory systems (sight, hearing) would allow proactive identification of
at-risk people, and allow corrective measures to take place.
Fluoxetine alters rat's milk properties causing impact on offspring's development
Authors: R Gabriel Abreu , Zaccarelli-Magalhães Julia , S Laís Féba , Y Emily Penna , P Julia Silva , V Mariana Teixeira , Manes Marianna , A Guilherme Vergara , MA Leonardo Rodrigues , R André Fukushima , L Esther Ricci , S Helenice Spinosa
Published: July 2023

Fluoxetine is an antidepressant used to treat several conditions
including postpartum depression. This disease causes cognitive,
emotional, behavioral and physical changes, negatively affecting the
mother, child and family life. However, fluoxetine is excreted in breast
milk, causing short and long-term effects on children who were exposed
to the drug during lactation, so studies that seek to uncover these
consequences are needed. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the
effects of fluoxetine on rat milk’s properties and on the physical and
neurobehavioral development of the offspring. Lactating rats were
divided into 4 groups: control group and three experimental groups,
which were treated with different doses of fluoxetine (1, 10 and 20
mg/kg) during the lactation. Dams body weight and milk properties were
measured, as well as offspring’s physical and neurobehavioral
development. Results showed that the use of fluoxetine during lactation
decreased dam’s body weight and alters milk’s properties, leading to
implications on the offspring growth until adulthood. Therefore, the use
of fluoxetine during lactation needs to be cautiously evaluated, with
the benefits to the mothers and the associated risk to the offspring
carefully balance.
The evolution of chemodiversity - From verbal to quantitative models
Authors: Thon Frans , Müller Caroline , Wittmann Meike
Published: July 2023

Plants harbour a great chemodiversity, i.e., diversity of specialized
metabolites (SMs), at different scales. For instance, individuals can
produce a large number of SMs and populations can differ in their
metabolite composition. Given the ecological and economic importance of
plant chemodiversity, it is important to understand how it arises and is
maintained over evolutionary time. For other dimensions of biodiversity,
i.e., species diversity and genetic diversity, quantitative models play
an important role in addressing such questions. Here we provide a
synthesis of existing hypotheses and quantitative models, i.e.
mathematical models and computer simulations, for the evolution of plant
chemodiversity. We describe each model’s ingredients, i.e., the
biological processes that shape chemodiversity, the scales it considers,
and whether it has been formalized as a quantitative model. Although we
identify several quantitative models, not all are dynamic and many
influential models have remained verbal. To fill these gaps, we identify
quantitative models used for genetic variation that may be adapted for
chemodiversity. We end by outlining our vision for the future of
chemodiversity modeling, presenting a flexible framework for the
creation of individual-based models that address different scales of
chemodiversity and combine different ingredients that bring this
chemodiversity about.
Impacts of Pharmacists-Managed Outpatient Clinic in patients with Hepatitis C virus infection: A Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Huang Can , Gao Aiping , Guo Cuicia , Jia Jinmei , Zheng Yonghong , Liu Wei
Published: July 2023

Objective: Pharmacists are health care professionals who are actively
involved in identifying and solving drug-related problems (DRPs) in
patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the
effectiveness of pharmaceutical services at outpatient clinic for
patients with HCV infection have not been reported in China. This study
aims to describe and investigate the impacts of pharmacists-managed
outpatient clinic in patients with HCV infection. Methods: We conducted
a descriptive and retrospective study between May 2020 and April 2022.
In order to give full play to the efficacy of direct-acting antivirals
(DAAs), we established a referral process for HCV patients with DAAs.
Doctors prescribed DAAs for HCV-infected outpatients, and then
transferred them to the outpatient clinic managed by pharmacists.
Pharmacists cooperated to complete the pharmaceutical monitoring of DAAs
treatment for patients. The pharmacist conducted a comprehensive
evaluation of the patient’s medication and developed planned
intervention measures based on identified DRPs. Results: A total of 473
eligible patients participated in 851 pharmaceutical care. A total of
518 DRPs were identified (an average of 1.1 per patient). Treatment
effectiveness (48.8%) was the most common DRP. The most commonly
recommended intervention was changing the drug (18.3%). There were
97.1% patients accepting the interventions and 93.05% patients
completely implemented. The overall sustained virologic response at week
12 posttreatment (SVR12) rate was 98.5% (466/473). Conclusions: We
confirmed that pharmacists had a valuable role to perform pharmacy
services for HCV-infected outpatients. The intervention of pharmacists
is effective in solving the DRPs and saving drug costs
DOUBLY REFLECTED BACKWARD STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS DRIVEN BY G -BROWNIAN MOTION WITH A KIND OF NON-LIPSCHITZ COEFFICIENTS
Authors: Sun Shengqiu
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we consider the reflected backward stochastic
differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion with two
reflecting obstacles, whose generators satisfy a kind of non-lipschitz
condition in y. The existence and uniqueness can be obtained by
the method of Picard iteration, a penalization method and some uniform
estimates.
Coaching manual for the Integrated Management Effectiveness Tool: manual to assess and improve protected area management effectiveness
Authors: Paolini Carlo , Rakotobe Domoina
Published: July 2023

The Coaching manual (COMIT) is the manual of the second version of the Integrated Management Effectiveness Tool (IMET) and of coaching or professional support for protected area management teams. IMET is a decision-support tool intended to develop the planning-monitoring-evaluation process in order to improve protected area management effectiveness. It is suitable for all protected areas, regardless of their management and governance category. IMET collects, organises and visualises data related to protected areas in order to facilitate analysis and guide decision-making for the planning, management and organisation of operations.
A case of pigmentary hair naevus (Becker)
Authors: Svindland HB , Wetteland P.
Published: July 2023

A healthy 14-year-old Norwegian male developed a typical Becker's naevus on the left shoulder and upper scapular region, about six months after an intracutaneous BCG-vaccination in the homolateral junction of the shoulder and upper arm. The evolution of the lesion had been modified by exposure to sunlight during the following six years, with partial fading of the hyperpigmentation. Biopsies taken from the centre and from the edge of the lesion at the age of 19 years showed the usual histological picture seen in cases of Becker's naevus, but focal areas within the periphery showed a chronic granulomatous infiltrate of lupoid pattern in the dermis, mainly follicular and perifollicular in distribution. Acid-fast bacilli were not demonstrable in the sections, and in culture no tubercle bacilli were isolated from a central and histologically non-specific site. The implications of the histological findings are discussed, stressing the possibility that Becker's naevus may be a form of cutaneous tuberculosis caused by BCG or other mycobacteria of low virulence, precipitated by ultraviolet light and possibly modified by immunological factors.
Development of high intensity narrow-band lamps and studies of the irradiation effect on human skin. Irradiation with high intensity lamps
Authors: Alsins J , Claesson S , Fischer T , Juhlin L.
Published: July 2023

A compact light source has been developed. It consists of a high-pressure mercury lamp, a shutter, and water-cooled filters for selected wavelength regions. A mixing device permits simultaneous irradiation from two lamps of different wavelengths. The spectral distribution of the light for seven filter combinations and the construction of a power meter are also described. The application of the lamps to clinical investigations is illustrated by determination of minimal erythemal and blister doses, as well as pigmentation, for various groups of patients. The light intensities available are high enough to make pain threshold measurements possible in the UV and visible regions.
Studies on guinea pig skin cell cultures. II. Effect of a pig skin extract on DNA synthesis
Authors: Delescluse C , Regnier M , Prunieras M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Dopa and 5-S-cysteinyldopa in malignant melanoma in Ugandan Africans
Authors: Vogel CL , Dhru D , Rorsman H , Rosengren AM , Rosengren E.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Ultrastructure of freeze-cleaved dermal collagen
Authors: Hashimoto K.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Electron microscopic observations of melanin transfer in human skin. Evidence for indirect melanin transfer
Authors: Kukita A , Sato S , Ito K.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not availeble.
Biosynthesis of prostaglandins by human inflamed skin
Authors: Jorgensen HP , Sondergaard J.
Published: July 2023

The biosynthesis of prostaglandins by human inflamed skin was studied in 8 patients with primary irritant dermatitis induced by benzalconium-chloride. Inflamed skin from these patients evidenced an increased ability to synthesize prostaglandins. In the presence of exogenous arachidonic acid in the incubation medium, the activity formed was about 80% greater in inflamed skin than in non-inflamed control skin. In prostaglandin E1-equivalents the concentration amounted to 8.09 +/- 1.59 ng/mg protein nitrogen and 4.51 +/- 1.24 ng/mg protein nitrogen, respectively (mean values +/- S.E.). When inflamed skin was incubated without excess of exogenous precursor acids in the incubation medium the activity formed was about 80 times lower and the values were similar to those of non-inflamed skin. Thus, the present results support the view that the prostaglandin system is activated in primary irritant dermatitis, thereby providing a basis for future therapeutic attempts to control this disorder.
Phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in generalized pustular psoriasis
Authors: Lindgren S , Stendahl O.
Published: July 2023

The phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from 10 patients suffering from generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) has been studied. In all patients intracellular iodination capacity was measured, and 6 were studied regarding hexose monophosphate shunt activity (HMS) and bactericidal capacity. In 2 patients leukocytes from pustules were tested by the iodination reaction. Sera from 7 patients were incubated with normal leukocytes in a bactericidal test to evaluate the opsonizing capacity, which was found to be normal. Leukocytes from patients with GPP after 120 min of incubation with bacteria exhibited significantly impaired lethality compared with the controls, but no significant difference was found after 60 min. Iodination capacity and HMS activity were normal in all patients except in one, who was found to be deficient in myeloperoxidase. The possible significance of the impaired lethability of bacteria in the pathogenesis of GPP is discussed.
Metronidazole and acne
Authors: Bannatyne RM , Harnett NM.
Published: July 2023

The strong activity of metroindazole against obligate anaerobes suggested that the organism Proprionobacterium acnes and the disease acne vulgaris might respond to treatment with this drug. Thirty-three clinical isolated of P. acnes were tested and found to be highly resistant to metronidazole. Prospects for its successful use in acne are remote.
Wound dressing with collagen film in skin planing
Authors: Zachariae H.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not available.
The fate of tetrachlorosalicylanilide in photosensitized guinea pigs
Authors: Horio T , Ofuji S.
Published: July 2023

The distribution and fate of 3, 3', 4', 5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) in photosensitized guinea-pig skin following topical application at varying times was investigated by fluorescence microscopy in unfixed, frozen sections. When the site to which TCSA had been applied was irradiated with long-wave UV light, TCSA was detected in the entire epidermis only 3 days after application and in the horny layer up to 10 days. Unless TCSA-treated sites were exposed to light, TCSA was still recognized in the entire epidermis 10 days after application and in the horny layer even at 3 weeks. The irradiated photosensitized guinea pigs in the present study eliminated TCSA more rapidly than normal control animals in our previous work. The mechanism of persistent light reaction was discussed and we concluded that TCSA can remain in the skin for a long time, because it is a prohapten, not a hapten.
Analysis of soluble proteins in comedones
Authors: Lees CW , Strauss JS , Downing DT , Pochi PE , Bachta M.
Published: July 2023

The detergent-soluble fraction of purified, concentrated comedo samples was analysed for protein by disc-gel electrophoresis and fluorescamine assay. Spectrophotometer scanning revealed a characteristic pattern of 14 peaks which was essentially uniform in comedones from individuals having acne, Favre-Racouchot syndrome, or prepubertal comedones. The pattern was different in material derived from keratinous cysts and the contents of follicles from the nose. The presence of small amounts of serum proteins, notably globulins, was detected by immunodiffusion.
Response of skin to ammonium persulphate
Authors: Mahzoon S , Yamamoto S , Greaves MW.
Published: July 2023

In order to investigate the histamine liberating actions of ammonium persulphate, skin slices from three species (guinea pig, rat and monkey) were incubated in vitro with concentrations of ammonium persulphate ranging from 1 to 1000 microgram/ml. None of these concentrations released significant amounts of histamine in guinea pig or monkey skin. In the rat the highest concentration (1000 microgram/ml) released 20-24% of the histamine content of the skin, but the intensitivity of this response to cooling indicates a non-specific "toxic" action on mast cells. By contrast a known chemical histamine liberator, compound 48/80, released significant amounts of histamine from skin at much lower concentrations in all three species. Ammonium persulphate is clearly not a potent histamine liberator. Ammonium persulphate dermatitis is presumably a result of increased sensitivity of skin mast cells, due to immunological or other factors, in susceptible individuals.
A possible dysfunction of melanosome transfer in leprosy: an electron-microscopic study
Authors: Westerhof W.
Published: July 2023

An E.M. study was carried out to investigate whether Mycobacterium leprae occur intracellularly in epidermal melanocytes. As this could not be confirmed, the selective killing of melanocytes by cytotoxic lymphocytes could not explain the hypopigmentation in types of leprosy with a relative good immune response. There were indications that these hypopigmented lesions resulted from a disturbed transfer of melanosomes from melanocytes to keratinocytes. Further research is in progress.
Metabolism of 5-S-cyteinyldopa by O-methylation
Authors: Agrup G , Falck B , Hansson C , Rorsman H , Rosengren AM , Rosengren E.
Published: July 2023

5-S-cysteinyldopa is metabolized by O-methylation on incubation with a liver extract and S-adenosyl methionine. O-methylated 5-S-cysteinyldopa isolated from melanoma urines by ion exchange and paper chromatography was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and NMR.
Photochemotherapy of psoriasis with relevance to 8-methoxypsoralen plasma level and low intensity irradiation
Authors: Thune P , Volden G.
Published: July 2023

The 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) plasma level was determined in 31 patients during treatment with PUVA (psoralen + UVA light). The UVA light source was of a low intensity type, giving only 2 mW/sec/cm2 and required an irradiation time of 30 minutes. The lesions of 19 patients healed completely. Following an oral dose regimen adjusted to the patient's weight, the 8-MOP values at 2 hours varied from 2 ng/ml to 167 ng/ml (mean 56 ng/ml). There was no clearcut relation between the 8-MOP plasma level and the clinical response but in 9 patients there was a prompt response to treatment when the dose of psoralen was increased by 10 mg. In 5 patients the 8-MOP plasma levels was determined hourly for the first 4 hours and showed a peak at 2 hours except in one patient with very low values who had a peak at 4 hours. The augmentation of pigmentation was measured by means of reflectometry on three univolved areas. Two peaks were observed--one during the first week and the other after 2--3 weeks of therapy.
Dextran polymer particles (Debrisan) in the treatment of penile ulcers
Authors: Lassus A , Karvonen J , Juvakoski T.
Published: July 2023

Dextran polymer particles (dextranomer; Debrisan) was used in the treatment of 25 patients with non-venereal penile ulcers. In 14 cases the ulcers were caused by herpes infection, 3 patients had dequalinum-induced necrosis and in 8 cases the etiology of the ulceration was unknown. The ulcers healed in most cases during the first week of treatment, and in all cases within 4 weeks. An almost immediate relief of pain was reported by most of the patients.
The binding of 8-methoxypsoralen to nuclear DNA of UVA irradiated human fibroblasts in vitro
Authors: Bredberg A , Lambert B , Swanbeck G , Thyresson-Hök M.
Published: July 2023

Human fibroblasts were exposed to tritium-labelled 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and longwave ultraviolet (UVA) light in vitro. The proportions of photochemically bound 8-MOP in the nucleus and cytoplasm were studied by autoradiography. The results show that UVA-irradiation of the cells in the presence of 8-MOP gives rise to a significant dose-dependent binding of 8-MOP in the cell nucleus.
Microvascular effects of a topically applied cationic triphenylmethane dye (crystal violet)
Authors: Eriksson E , Mobacken H.
Published: July 2023

The effects of local application of crystal violet on the microcirculatory system are reported. The testing system consisted of vital microscopy of the cheek pouch of the hamster and microangiography of rabbit's ear. It appeared that the early microcirculatory disturbances caused by a dilute aqueous solution of crystal violet were transient, whereas considerable tissue toxicity was shown in the long-term experimental model. A direct cytotoxic effect is suggested.
A haemorrhagic bullous eruption of the hands caused by phenylbutazone: a report of 3 cases
Authors: Millard LG.
Published: July 2023

Three patients developed a haemorrhagic eruption on the hands after taking phenylbutazone. The reaction appeared within two weeks of taking the drug and is probably an allergic capillaritis. All patients showed generalised capillary fragility with a positive Hess test which became negative within a week of stopping the drug. A mechanism is suggested for the development and distribution of the blisters.
Sensitization capacity of epoxy resin oligomers in the guinea pig
Authors: Thorgeirsson A , Fregert S , Ramnäs O
Published: July 2023

Low molecular weight oligomers of an epoxy resin of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether type were isolated by gel permeation chromatography. The sensitizing capacity of these oligomers was assessed with the "guinea pig maximization test". The oligomer with the molecular weight of 340 sensitized 80% to 100% of the animals, but produced no cross reactions to the other oligomers. The MW 624 oligomer sensitized 56-60% of the animals and 30% of these showed cross reactions to the MW 340 oligomer. The MW 908 and MW 1192 oligomers elicited no reactions. It was shown that sensitization with epoxy resin mixtures of high average molecular weight depends mainly on the content of the MW 340 oligomer.
5-S-cysteinyldopa and trichochromes in red feathers
Authors: Agrup G , Hansson C , Rorsman H , Rosengren AM , Rosengren E
Published: July 2023

Red cock feathers (Rhode Island) were found to contain dopa and cysteinyldopa, trichochromes B and C, and two unidentified trichochromes. Trichochromes E and F were not found. Previous findings of trichochromes E and F may be explained as artifacts.
Plasma-kinin-forming enzyme in human skin: extraction and column chromatographic separation of plasma-kinin-forming enzyme and its inhibitor
Authors: Toki N , Yamura T
Published: July 2023

The optimal salt concentration for extraction of plasma-kinin-forming enzyme from the human skin was investigated. It was confirmed that a salt concentration higher than 1.5 M in the extraction buffer was required for optimal extraction of this enzyme. An inhibitor of this enzyme was detected in the extract with buffer alone, and the coexistence of this enzyme with the inhibitor in buffer extract was also confirmed by using G-200 gel chromatography.
Hunan wart-virus antibodies in patients with genital and skin warts
Authors: Pyrhönen S
Published: July 2023

A comparative follow-up study of the antibody response against human wart-virus was performed, using the immunodiffusion and complement fixation methods on patients with condylomas and skin warts. By the immunodiffusion method, 13% of the patients with skin warts and 3% of the patients with condylomas showed greater than or equal to fourfold increase of antibody titre during the follow-up of 2--35 months. The findings show some typical features of the weak antibody response of a chronic virus infection and suggest a serological overlapping between condyloma viruses and certain group of skin wart-viruses. The antibody prevalence in age-matched controls is shown to be significantly higher than that in the wart or condyloma patients' initial serum samples. This is indicative of the protective function of antibodies against warts and condylomas. Also the analysis of the history of warts in patients with condylomas suggests that protection against condylomas can be acquired from previous warts, evidently by immunological mechanisms. In a control group of medical students, human wart-virus antibodies were frequently (52%) found in subjects without any history of warts. This finding supports the view that human wart-virus can frequently induce latent or subclinical infections in human beings.
Oral zinc in acne vulgaris: a clinical and methodological study
Authors: Göransson K , Lidén S , Odsell L
Published: July 2023

In a double-blind investigation of 54 patients suffering from acne vulgaris, the effect of 0.6 g of oral zinc sulphate daily versus placebo was studied. During the active treatment period of 6 weeks, the acne improved by about one-third, as rated with a score system. Clinical comparison with placebo showed the result of zinc sulphate therapy to be slightly, but statistically significantly better. Various methods for the clinical evaluation of acne were studied. Counting of acne lesions was found to be a more precise method than assessment according to the opinion of the patients and the assessment of colour photographs. The correlation between the results obtained by lesion counting and evaluation by photographs was low, as was also the reproducibility of photographic assessment.
Finger skin perfusion pressure in generalized scleroderma
Authors: Kristensen JK
Published: July 2023

Skin perfusion pressure in fingers in 6 normal persons and 12 patients suffering from generalized scleroderma was estimated as the minimum external counterpressure required to stop 133Xenon wash-out. The isotope was introduced atraumatically into the skin, and local counter-pressure was exerted by a miniature blood pressure cuff. Local perfusion blood pressure in normal fingers was 100.5 mmHg +/- 3.3 SEM, while in the patients the value was 72.5 mmHg 1.8 SEM (p less than 0.001).
Treatment of acne vulgaris with topically applied erythromycin and tretinoin
Authors: Mills OH , Kligman AM
Published: July 2023

A twice daily application of 2% erythromycin base in hydroalcoholic solution accompanied by once daily use of 0.05% tretinoin (retinoic acid) solution was substantially more effective than tretinoin or erythromycin alone for treatment of inflammatory acne of moderate severity. Therapeutic enhancement by this combination can be attributed to the different modes of action, erythromycin acting chiefly by suppressing Propionibacterium acnes, while tretinoin is comedolytic. In addition, by altering the horny layer barrier, tretinoin doubtless increases the penetration of erythromycin.
A case of halo nevus with effete melanocytes
Authors: Hashimoto K.
Published: July 2023

Epidermal melanocytes in the depigmenting lesion were examined in one typical case of halo nevus. Vacuolated melanocytes found in the upper layers of epidermis were not, as observed in serial sections, connected to the basal lamina. These melanocytes contained individual as well as aggregated melanosomes in what appeared to be autophagosomes. Part of the cytoplasm of these melanocytes appeared condensed and segregated and their nuclei were often pyknotic. These melanocytes were considered to be degenerated cells which had been detached from the basal layer and were being shed from the skin. Although epidermal keratinocytes, particularly basal cells, were also vacolated. Langerhans cells and non-specific dendritic cells were more or less intact. The total number of these dendritic cells seemed to be increased.
Formation of melanin-tyrosinase complex and its possible significance as a model for control of melanin synthesis
Authors: Menon IA , Haberman HF
Published: July 2023

Previous reports have shown that the tyrosinase activities of melanosomes and soluble tyrosinase isolated from melanoma were diminished when these preparations were incubated with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa). It was concluded from these results that the tyrosinase activities of these preparations decreased when melanin was synthesized in these systems. The present investigation has revealed that melanin synthesized in vitro from dopa formed a complex with purified mushroom tyrosinase. The addition of melanin diminished the tyrosinase activity of the sample. These results show that the formation of the melanin-tyrosinase complex results in a decrease in the activity of the tyrosinase solution. The tyrosinase activity of the melanin-tyrosinase complex could not be increased by certain procedures which were previously found to enhance the tyrosinase activity of isolated melanosomes.
Enzyme histochemistry of the small intestine in inherited ichthyosis
Authors: Neto JM , Mello de Oliveira JA.
Published: July 2023

Enzyme histochemistry of biopsies from the small intestine of 5 patients with
Photodynamic reactions induced by compounds derived from lichens
Authors: Wennersten G.
Published: July 2023

Contact dermatitis from lichens is now well documented but the possible influence of exposure to sunlight is less clear. Positive reactions on photopatch testing has recently been described, but whether this represented an unspecific exacerbation or a true photoallergic response was difficult to evaluate. In this study 13 different substances derived from lichens commonly found in nature were investigated with regard to their capacity to induce photo-oxidative membrane damage, as revealed by the photohemolysis technique. It was found that the earlier suggested ability to induce photosensitization could be confirmed for several of the lichen compounds investigated. It was also shown that singlet state excited oxygen may participate to some degree in some of these reactions.
Clinical trial of a new chromone compound for systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Larsen PO , Larsen FS.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not available.
A quantitative method for the assessment of the microtopography of human skin
Authors: Makki S , Barbenel JC , Agache P.
Published: July 2023

The skin relief influences the exterior aspect of the skin which is very sensitive to aging. It could also be related to the mechanical properties and structure of both dermis and stratum corneum. Consequently, quantitative measurement of the skin surface roughness would seem most useful, as it would permit a quantification of skin aging, an in vivo analysis of mechanical forces acting on the skin structure, and the detection of abnormalities otherwise not visible. The method described comprises three steps: (1) making a silicone rubber negative replica, (2) making an Araldite positive cast, (3) roughness measurement of the cast with a device commonly used in engineering, which provides quantitative parameters: Ra, Rp, Rt, Rmax and others. The reliability of each of these steps was checked, and also the absolute need to locate precisely the site of sampling and to know the angle of the scanning direction with the main axis of the limb or the body. The method seems useful for studying aging, either normal or affected by UV rays and other physiopathological events influencing the skin surface.
In vitro lymphocyte transformation to nickel: a study of nickel-sensitive patients before and after epicutaneous and oral challenge with nickel
Authors: Veien NK , Svejgaard E , Menné T.
Published: July 2023

An in vitro lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) was performed in 8 patients with nickel contact dermatitis and in 4 control persons. The mitogenic response was of the same magnitude before patch testing, after patch testing and after oral challenge with nickel. When purified protein derivative (PPD) was used as the antigen, there was no difference between the LTT response of patients and controls before and after patch testing. After oral challenge with nickel, however, the patients' responses to PPD were significantly increased when compared with the responses after patch testing. The responses of the controls were unchanged. The LTT levels of the patients were approximately the same before and after patch testing, but were markedly increased after oral challenge.
Increased suction blister concentrations of prostaglandin E and F2alpha in dermatitis herpetiformis
Authors: Förström L , Reunala T , Vapaatalo H , Linden IB.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not available.
Photolysis of mast cells in presence of protoporphyrin
Authors: Ranadive NS , Menon IA , Haberman HF.
Published: July 2023

The effects of ultraviolet and visible irradiation in presence of protoporhyrin upon mast cells were investigated. Rat peritoneal mast cells were suspended in a medium containing varying concentrations of protoporphyrin and were irradiated using a mercury vapor lamp. The release of histamine is related to both the concentrations of protoporphyrin and the period of irradiation. Comparatively negligible amounts of histamine were released when the cells were irradiated in absence of protophyrin or when the cells were incubated in the dark in presence of protoporphyrin. When 51Cr-labelled cells were employed, the release of histamine was paralleled by the release of 51Cr. These results suggest that the release of histamine was due to the lysis of cells. It was found that 2-deoxyglucose, iodoacetate and carbonyl cyanide, m-chlorophenyl hydrazone at concentrations which are known to inhibit the secretory release of histamine or uncouple oxidative phosphorylation, had no effect on the photolysis of mast cells. When mast cells were irradiated in presence of protoporphyrin for 5 to 10 minutes and then kept in the dark, the release of histamine was greater than when the cells were irradiated but not subsequently kept in the dark. It is suggested that the initial site of photochemical lysis is at or near the cell surface.
Two siblings with epidermodysplasia verruciformis with large clear cells in the epidermis: electron microscope and immunological findings
Authors: Feuerman EJ , Sandbank M , David M.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not available.
Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris: the value of routine radiographic examinations in the detection of an infectious focus
Authors: Jensen O.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not available.
Induction of delayed-type sensitivity to Leishmania parasite in a case of leishmaniasis cutanea diffusa with BCG and cord-factor (Trehalose-6-6' dimycolate)
Authors: Cohen HA.
Published: July 2023

Abstract is not available.
Cutaneous blood flow rates during orthostatic manoeuvres measured by laser Doppler flowmetry.
Authors: Petersen L J , Sindrup J H
Published: July 2023

The validity of Laser Doppler Flowmetry for measurements of changes in skin blood flow rates during orthostatic manoeuvres was evaluated. Fifteen healthy subjects were investigated. Relative skin blood flow rates on the dorsum of the hand were measured during stepwise raising and lowering of the arm in 10 cm increments to an extreme position of 40 cm below respectively above heart level. All measurements at test levels were preceded and followed by measurements at reference level, i.e. heart level. At all levels of arm elevation, relative blood flow rates were significantly increased compared with the corresponding reference level (p = 0.0005). This was unexpected in view of the auto-regulatory mechanism. Highly significant blood flow rate reductions were found at all levels of arm lowering. This is in contrast to previous findings of unchanged skin blood flow rate to a point of approximately 35 cm below heart level, where the veno-arteriolar reflex is elicited.
Pressing and stretching of psoriatic lesions induces their involution.
Authors: Takematsu H , Tagami H
Published: July 2023

No abstract available.Remission of psoriatic lesions was induced when the lesions were firmly pressed with a plastic cap held in place by an elastic bandage for 24 h or stretched with a negative pressure of 200 mmHg for 2 h. Seven out of 10 patients showed a clinical improvement of the treated psoriatic lesions. These lesions cleared within 1-3 weeks after removal of the apparatus. Biopsy specimens taken from responding lesions showed a reduction in psoriatic epidermal and dermal changes as compared with those taken before treatment. Patients having extensive active psoriatic lesions experienced recurrence after approx. 3 weeks. No complications were seen except for an occasional formation of erosions at sites the edges of the apparatuses were apposed too firmly.
Familial lichen planus.
Authors: Valsecchi R , Bontempelli M , Di Landro A , Barcella A , Lainelli T
Published: July 2023

No abstract available.
Immunohistochemical studies on fibrillin in amyloidosis, lichen ruber planus and porphyria
Authors: Dahlbäck K , Sakai L
Published: July 2023

The pathogenesis of macular amyloidosis and lichen amyloidosis remains unsolved and the primary amyloid fibril protein(s) has not yet been identified. Ultrastructural association of skin amyloid with elastin associated microfibrils has been noted earlier. The presence of fibrillin in conjunction with such microfibrils was recently demonstrated immunohistochemically. The presence of fibrillin immunoreactivity in the amyloid deposits in skin biopsies from 3 patients with macular amyloidosis and 3 patients with lichen amyloidosis was studied, using monoclonal anti-fibrillin antibodies. For comparison, skin specimens were studied from five patients with lichen ruber planus, four patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria and from a patient with myeloma-associated cutaneous amyloidosis. Renal specimens from two cases of the amyloid A type of renal amyloidosis also were investigated. There was no immunostaining either of the keratin bodies in specimens of lichen ruber planus, the cutaneous PAS-positive vascular deposits in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria, or the amyloid deposits in specimens of systemic amyloidosis and it was faint or absent in amyloid deposits in the specimens from patients with lichen amyloidosis. In contrast, distinct fibrillin immunoreactivity could be demonstrated in amyloid deposits in specimens from patients with macular amyloidosis. It was sometimes absent in deposits located in the upper part of the papillary dermis, close to the dermal epidermal junction zone, while consistently strong in deposits located lower down in the dermis. The results suggest that fibrillin or part of the fibrillin molecule may be present in some of the amyloid deposits in specimens of macular amyloidosis.
Regional variations in analgesic efficacy of EMLA cream. Quantitatively evaluated by argon laser stimulation.
Authors: Arendt-Neilsen L , Bjerring P , Nielsen J
Published: July 2023

The effect of EMLA cream (a eutectic mixture of local analgesics) applied for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min on the forehead, cheek, back, cubital fossa, and dorsum of the hand was studied. Analgesic onset, efficacy and duration were evaluated by sensory and pain thresholds to laser stimulation measured before, and 5, 60, 120, and 180 min after the cream was removed from the skin. Cutaneous blood flow was measured and found to be 4-5 times as high on the face as on the other locations. On the forehead the analgesic efficacy decreased with increased application time. For all other locations, efficacy increased with increasing application time. On the back, onset was rapid and sufficient analgesia could be obtained, but analgesias began to wane immediately after removal of the cream. In the cubital fossa and on the hand, onset was tardy, and efficacy continued to increase for 60 min after cream removal, followed by a slow decline. Blood flow, epidermal and dermal thickness are important factors affecting onset, efficacy and duration of EMLA analgesia.
Cryosectioning of hair follicles. An improved method using liquid nitrogen conduction freezing.
Authors: Van Baar H M , Schalkwijk J , Perret C M
Published: July 2023

Horizontal sectioning of scalp biopsies is especially useful in hair diseases characterized by a reduction of follicles in size or number. Horizontal sectioning using standard cryo-microtomes is hampered by the differences in cutting properties between hair follicles and fatty tissue, resulting in loss of topography. We report a simple, inexpensive method to temporarily cool the specimen to an appropriate temperature by means of a conduction system using liquid nitrogen. Immunohistological methods such as immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques can be applied without restrictions.
A possible case of drug-induced familial pemphigus.
Authors: Brenner S , Hodak E , Dascalu D , Lurie R , Wolf R
Published: July 2023

Two sisters developed pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus erythematosus within 3 years. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical, histologic and immunofluorescent antibody studies. One of the sisters experienced a common cold before the pemphigus developed and displayed a positive macrophage migration inhibition (MIF) test to a combination drug compounded of paracetamol, caffeine, chlorpheniramine maleate and phenylephrine HCl, which she had received 2 weeks prior to the appearance of the cutaneous lesions. It is suggested that her pemphigus was triggered by the drug. Although the patient had a strong genetic and familial predisposition to pemphigus, her clinical symptoms did not become evident until they were activated through an exogenous factor, namely, the causative drug. This case offers an example of a possible interaction between endogenous, genetic factors, and exogenous, triggering factors in the development of full-blown disease.
In vivo hydration and water-retention capacity of stratum corneum in clinically uninvolved skin in atopic and psoriatic patients.
Authors: Berardesca E , Fideli D , Borroni G , Rabbiosi G , Maibach H
Published: July 2023

Hydration and the water-retention capacity of stratum corneum have been investigated in uninvolved psoriatic and atopic skin and compared with that of healthy controls. Thirty-three subjects of either sex and matched for age entered the study. The subjects were free from all signs of skin disease and skin dryness. Hydration was evaluated by means of transepidermal water loss and skin capacitance measurements. Water-retention capacity was investigated using the plastic occlusion stress test. Atopic skin differed significantly from uninvolved psoriatic and control skin which had a reduced water content and an increased transepidermal water loss. Furthermore, the skin surface water loss profile representing the stratum corneum water-retention capacity was significantly lower in normal atopic skin. The data suggest that clinically normal skin may be functionally abnormal, resulting in a defective barrier that could lead to higher risk of irritant or contact dermatitis.
A transmission electron microscopical study of dysplastic naevi.
Authors: Beitner H , Nakatani T , Hedblad M A
Published: July 2023

In this study those features of naevi that fulfil the clinical and light microscopical criteria of dysplastic naevi have been further examined with transmission electron microscopy. The results have been compared with the structure of normal control skin and compound naevi. In dysplastic naevi most melanosomes were abnormal, with spherical melansomes, an incomplete inner structure and uneven melanin deposit, cigar-shaped melanosomes and macromelanosomes. The intraepidermal border between the nests of dysplastic naevi were uneven and the dysplastic melanocytes extended their cell bodies among surrounding keratinocytes with a tendency to invade the epidermis in an upward direction. These findings will serve as additional criteria for dysplastic naevi.
The effect of short-term application of PABA on photocarcinogenesis.
Authors: Flindt-Hansen H , Thune P , Eeg-Larsen T
Published: July 2023

Photocarcinogenesis was induced in 90 lightly-pigmented hairless mice using a Philips Tl 40 W/12 light source which emits mainly UVB (290-320 nm). During one-third of the induction period (weeks 16-26) a group of 30 mice were protected by topical para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and then irradiated again without protection up to week 30 and observed for a further 10 weeks. The application of PABA resulted in a significant delay (p less than 0.05) in tumour induction and discontinuation of PABA caused an abrupt decline in the number of tumour-free animals. At the end of the study there was a significant difference in the yield of carcinomas for the PABA group, 20, compared with 78 for non-protected mice (p less than 0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05) between the weight of dorsal skin in non-protected mice compared with the PABA-protected group, the latter showing no difference from a control group of non-irradiated mice. The proportion of benign tumours in the PABA group was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than in the non-protected group, suggesting an inhibition of the photo-carcinogenic process.
REPRESENTASI MORFEM DALAM GRAFEM AKSARA BALI PADA KAMUS BALI-INDONESIA BERAKSARA LATIN DAN BALI TAHUN 2016
Authors: SG.L.W.C. Astiti  , I.K. Paramarta  , I.N. Martha
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan representasi morfem dari grafem aksara Bali pada lema beraksara Bali dalam dalam Kamus Bali – Indonesia beraksara Latin dan Bali Tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu riset kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah lema dalam kamus Bali – Indonesia beraksara latin dan Bali tahun 2016. Objek penelitian ini adalah analisis representasi unit linguistik pada tataran morfem dalam grafem aksara Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu (1) rancangan penelitian, (2) subjek dan objek penelitian, (3) metode pengumpulan data, (4) instrumen penelitian, dan (5) analisis data. Hasil analisis terhadap 16.162 lema beraksara Bali menunjukkan bahwa aksara Bali (khususnya tipe aksara Wresastra) yang memenuhi kriteria grafem yang merepresentasikan unit-unit bahasa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa representasi grafem aksara Bali yang ditemukan pada lema kamus beraksara Bali merepresentasikan unit linguistik pada tataran morfem. Grafem aksara Bali yang merepresentasikan morfem dikaji dalam tataran morfem terikat berupa imbuhan yaitu awalan dan akhiran, dan morfem bebas atau leksem yang berupa kata dasar, yaitu kata depan atau preposisi, kata penegas, kata bilangan, kata sandang, kata seru.