bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kat, ofiara i świadek w "Śmierci i dziewczynie" Romana Polańskiego
Authors: Piętka Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

The Perpetrator, the Victim, and the Bystander in Roman Polanski’s Death and the Maiden (1994)
This paper analyzes the cinematographic means used by Roman Polanski in Death and the Maiden to portray the characters of the movie and the relationship between them. It discusses how Polanski toys with the thriller convention to create a cognitive dissonance in the viewer and uses artistic devices to reflect the process of restoring the identity by the protagonist. In particular, the author examines the frame of the movie and its compositional and semantic functions and compares selected scenes with René Magritte’s paintings to show how the director depicts the experience of the main character and the blurring of boundaries between the perpetrator and the victim. Also, colors, props, and landscape motifs associated with each character are analyzed to explain their symbolic and dramatic function in the film.
Postmigracyjny background i co z niego wynika. Rewolty tożsamościowe dzieci późnych przesiedleńców w prozie faktograficznej Emilii Smechowski, "My, super imigranci"
Authors: Szydłowska Joanna
Published: March 2024

The Post-migrant Background and What it Entails: Identity Shifts in the Children of Late Repatriates in the Factual Prose of Emilia Smechowski, My, super imigranci
The article analyzes an extensive nonfiction book by Emilia Smechowski, a Polish-born author who relocated to Germany as a child. The purpose of the examination is to determine how the migrant and post-migrant experience influenced the author and her characters. The paper looks at the consequences of the tensions resulting from the migrant background as regards genre choices (reportage/self-reportage/autobiography), thematic interests (the text grew between cultures and languages), and identity definitions. The book is approached as an identity and emancipation project of the speaking subject. It is an account of coping with difficult post-migrant experiences on a micro- and macro-scale (a Polish intelligentsia family vs. German public discourse).
Pamięć zdarzeń, które „nigdy nie miały miejsca”. Slavery Memorial Martina Puryeara
Authors: Piętka Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

The Memory of the Events That “Never Took Place:” Martin Puryear’s Slavery Memorial
This paper delves into the structure of Martin Puryear’s Slavery Memorial at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, and how it serves as an example of the commemorative practices employed to confront Americans’ collective oblivion with a historical site touched by the trauma of the enslaved peoples. Drawing on the history of higher education in New England, the author analyzes the artistic devices employed by Puryear to convey the truth about Brown’s involvement in the transatlantic slave trade and the rhetoric of perception imposed by the monument on the viewer. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the structure of the Slavery Memorial triggers the process of remembering historical facts that are not so much repressed as non-existent in the local community’s collective consciousness.
O najdawniejszej włoskiej leksykografii dwujęzycznej, znanej i nieznanej
Authors: Krauze Julia
Published: March 2024

On the Earliest Italian Bilingual Lexicography, Known and Unknown
Since the Latin language became part of the education system, all kinds of grammatical compendiums, dictionaries, and commentaries on classical works of Greco-Roman literature have been an indispensable tool for exploring its intricacies. The turn of the 14th and 15th centuries was extremely interesting in this respect as it abounded in diverse and original works of this type, especially in Italy. The issues of studiorum humanitatis are discussed in such works as Elegantiae Linguae Latinae by Lorenzo Valle, Regulae grammaticales by Guarino Guarini, Epitoma seu Regulae constructionis and Latini sermonis emporium by Antonio Mancinelli, or the less known bilingual Glossarium by Jacopo Ursello from Roccantica. The books testify to teachers’ intentions to respond to the specific educational needs existing at that time, when it was necessary to educate students in written, spoken, and—to an increasing extent—Vulgar Latin. This article analyzes the above-mentioned Latin textbooks by Antonio Mancinelli and Jacopo Ursello, in which various aspects of Italianization operate in the light of the most important lexicographic sources of the era.
MANUAIS DE NORMALIZAÇÃO PARA TRABALHOS ACADÊMICOS
Authors: Francisco de Lima Antonia Lucineide , Brasil Marcus Vinicius de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

Introdução: A publicização de dados acadêmicos e científicos tem sido considerável nos últimos anos, de modo que quem tem acesso pode analisar e refletir sobre a forma como são divulgados, incluindo os conhecimentos técnicos, em especial na área da normalização. Em contraponto, há imprecisão nos instrumentos organizacionais, a exemplo da elaboração e publicação de manuais institucionais que levam a reflexão de como algumas orientações disseminam esse processo conduzindo a erros. Objetivo: Analisar a precisão do conteúdo dos manuais de normalização de instituições de ensino superior na cidade de João Pessoa/PB em conformidade com as normas da ABNT para trabalhos acadêmicos. Metodologia: Metodologicamente se caracteriza como uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de cunho bibliográfico, documental, com análise qualitativa. Resultados: Os resultados trazem como evidência problemas de imprecisão nos documentos organizacionais aos quais se teve acesso. Os erros percebidos dizem respeito a instruções básicas, trazendo sugestões gerais dos organismos normalizadores mais amplos. Conclusão:  conclui-se que existe imprecisão nos documentos organizacionais analisados, cujos equívocos dizem respeito às instruções básicas, desde a elaboração da capa para trabalhos acadêmicos, até aspectos normativos trazendo sugestões gerais dos organismos normalizadores mais amplos. Essas informações equivocadas, além de trazerem prejuízos aos pesquisadores e alunos, pode-se induzir ao erro, até mesmo a usuários mais especializados.
3D Bioprinting and Microfluidic-Based Devices for Cancer Detection and Drug Treatment: Focus on Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sibbits Jay , Di Pietro Lucia , Privitera Anna , Cardaci Vincenzo , Maugeri Salvatore , Camarda Massimo , Caruso Giuseppe
Published: March 2024

The burden of increasing cancer incidence among the population, and, in particular,
of prostate cancer in men living in highly developed countries, brings with it, on
one hand, the need for new devices that allow a faster and earlier diagnosis, ideally in a
non-invasive way and with low consumption of expensive reagents, and on the other the
need for the assessment of new in vitro models that allow a more reliable assessment of
cancer features, including its microenvironment and sensibility to different drugs. At the
crossroads of these features, microfluidic devices are found. These, taking advantage of
the chemical-physical properties of cells and human samples, have demonstrated great
sensitivity and sensibility at an on-chip scale. Many fields of biomedical sciences have
tried to exploit all their potentialities: from the detection of antigens in the early phases
of the disease (when they are very low concentrated, but the treatment is more effective)
to isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells. However, the development of
in vitro 3D models to better assess and comprehend the fundamental dynamics of tumor
microenvironment and metastasis using 3D bioprinting techniques. The aim of the present
review is to describe the potential of these two different cutting-edge technologies
for the detection and treatment of prostate cancer, in the perspective of a possible future
combination of them that allows scientists to fill the gaps present in the field to improve
patient care and treatment.
Drug Design for Alzheimer’s Disease: Biologics vs. Small Molecules
Authors: Weaver Donald F.
Published: March 2024

There shall probably be no “magic bullet” for Alzheimer’s; rather, we should be pursuing
a “magic shotgun blast” that will target multiple complementary therapeutic receptors. Although
protein misfolding/oligomerization will probably be one of these targets, this alone is insufficient
and will require the co-administration of other therapeutic entities engaging targets, such as
immunopathy, gliopathy, mitochondriopathy, synaptotoxicity or others. Although polypharmacy
is emerging as the preferred therapeutic route, many questions remain unanswered. Should this be
a cocktail of biologics, a concoction of small molecules, or a judicious combination of both? Biologics
and small molecule drugs display both strengths and weaknesses. When addressing a disease
as complex and globally important as Alzheimer’s, there should be room for the continuing
development of both of these therapeutic classes. Each has much to offer, and when used with
their advantages and disadvantages in clear focus, an ultimate solution will probably require contributions
from both.
Revolutionizing Cancer Research and Drug Discovery: The Role of Artificial
Intelligence and Machine Learning
Authors: Paliwal Ajita , Alam Md Aftab , Sharma Preeti , Jain Smita , Dhoundiyal Shivang
Published: March 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have revolutionized various industries, including cancer research and drug discovery. This article provides a summary of the history of
AI and ML, highlighting their resurgence in the 1990s with advancements in computational power
and new algorithms. In the context of drug discovery, AI and ML techniques have been applied to
accelerate the development of new drugs, from target identification and lead generation to drug repurposing. AI applications in drug design and virtual screening have improved the efficiency of identifying potential drug candidates. Deep learning, a division of ML, has been particularly effective in
predicting protein structures and optimizing lead compounds. In anti-cancer drug target prediction, AI
and ML algorithms analyze large-scale genomic, proteomic, and clinical data to identify potential
targets for cancer therapy. AI has also transformed cancer imaging and diagnosis by enhancing the
accuracy and efficiency of cancer detection, classification, and prognosis. Medical imaging analysis,
pathology, and radiology have benefited from AI algorithms’ ability to interpret and analyze various
imaging modalities. Moreover, AI applications in cancer treatment have facilitated the development
of predictive models for treatment response, enabling personalized and targeted therapies based on
individual patient characteristics. The purpose of the study was to give facts regarding the integration
of artificial intelligence and machine learning in drug discovery and cancer therapy and its significant
prospects for improving efficiency, decreasing costs, and improving patient outcomes.
Investigating Ayurvedic Strategies: An In-Depth Examination of Managing Diabetes across Different Types
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Katiyar Prashant , Upreti Jaya , Chauhan Muskan , Sharma Dushyant , Kumar Sandeep , Arya Vedpriya
Published: March 2024

:

In light of the escalating global concern surrounding diabetes mellitus, contemporary
medical practices predominantly hinge on pharmaceutical interventions, accompanied by
inherent side effects and enduring limitations. This investigation accentuates a discernible research
void regarding the amalgamation of Ayurvedic principles an age-old traditional medical
system with prevalent approaches to diabetes management. Despite Ayurveda's promising potential
in furnishing a comprehensive and personalized strategy for diabetes treatment, the imperative
for further research and collaboration between Ayurvedic practitioners and contemporary
healthcare professionals becomes evident.

:

Existing scholarly works underscore the potential advantages of Ayurveda in delivering holistic
diabetes care, encompassing not only glycemic control but also fostering overall well-being.
Nevertheless, a closer examination reveals specific limitations, challenges, and gaps in current
research, necessitating targeted efforts to enable a more exhaustive exploration of Ayurvedic
interventions within diabetes management. This comprehensive review scrutinizes Ayurvedic
recommendations pertaining to dietary practices, lifestyle adjustments, and herbal therapeutics,
shedding light on their plausible efficacy. It serves as a clarion call for heightened research endeavors,
aiming to bridge existing gaps and carve a pathway toward an integrated, patientcentric
paradigm in diabetes care. In summary, as diabetes prevalence continues to rise globally,
the study underscores the limitations of current pharmaceutical-centric approaches and
highlights the need for extensive research and collaboration to unlock the full potential of
Ayurvedic principles in providing a more holistic and personalized framework for diabetes
management. The review navigates through Ayurvedic recommendations, emphasizing the urgency
for intensified research efforts to fill existing gaps and pave the way for a seamlessly integrated,
patient-focused approach to diabetes care.
Xylazine: An Abused Tranq Dope and its Safety Concern
Authors: Ashique Sumel
Published: March 2024

A drug called Xylazine has gained notoriety in recent times, earning the nickname
"zombie drug" due to reported alarming effects on its users. Although Xylazine is primarily intended
for veterinary use as a sedative and muscle relaxant for animals, there have been growing
concerns about its misuse among humans, particularly in the context of illicit drug use. However,
it is essential to rely on accurate and evidence-based information when discussing the health
risks associated with any substance, rather than resorting to sensationalized terms like "zombie
drug." The situation involving Xylazine misuse is a matter of concern, and the United States
Drug Enforcement Administration has highlighted it as a significant threat to public health.
Resveratrol: Protective Agent Against Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Subhan Iqra , Siddique Yasir Hasan
Published: March 2024

:

Resveratrol is a biologically active natural phenolic plant product. It has several
properties which make them useful to treat the disease. In this review, we have highlighted the
neuroprotective effects of resveratrol. Several available animal models have been proven to
help understand the disease pathway and mechanism of action by resveratrol. In this review, we
have highlighted the neuroprotective activity of resveratrol in AD, which effectively counter the
neurodegenerative disease by decreasing the formation of plaques.

:

Resveratrol is a natural plant product that is easily available, cost-effective, and possesses neuroprotective
activity, which is useful for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Resveratrol presents
a promising avenue for AD treatment due to its diverse neuroprotective mechanisms. Given
the ongoing global challenge in treating AD, researchers have increasingly focused on exploring
the therapeutic potential of resveratrol.
Correction: Tse et al. How COVID-19 Ceases All Older Adult Services & the Way Out for Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Chronic Pain. OBM Neurobiology 2023; 7: 183
Authors: Tse Mimi Mun Yee , Ng Shamay Sheung Mei , Lou Vivian , Lo Raymond SK , Cheung Daphne Sze Ki , Lee Paul H , Tang Shuk Kwan , Leung Siu Hang , Tse Percy Poo-See
Published: March 2024

CorrectionCorrection: Tse et al. How COVID-19 Ceases All Older Adult Services & the Way Out for Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Chronic Pain. OBM Neurobiology 2023; 7: 183Mimi Mun Yee Tse 1, *, Shamay Sheung Mei Ng 2, Vivian Lou 3, Raymond SK Lo 4, Daphne Sze Ki Cheung 5, Paul H Lee 6, Shuk Kwan Tang 7, Siu Hang Leung 1, Percy Poo-See Tse 1* Correspondence: Mimi Mun Yee Tse; E-Mail: mmytse@hkmu.edu.hkAcademic Editors: Ines Testoni, Adriano Zamperini and Lorenza PalazzoSpecial Issue: How COVID-19 Changed Individual and Social Life: Psychological and Mental illness Studies on the Pandemic OutcomesOBM Neurobiology2024, volume 8, issue 1doi:10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401213Received: March 11, 2024Accepted: March 11, 2024Published: March 12, 2024The authors wish to make the following correction to the paper [1].
XIV Asamblea general de miembros activos :informe anual 2014
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA
Published: March 2024

El 20 de Agosto de 2014 el Presidente Juan Manuel Santos visitó nuestro Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá para celebrar la sanción de la Ley 1731 de 2014 que en su título segundo fortalece a Corpoica. En su discurso dijo: “Hace cuatro años le dije al doctor Juan Lucas: necesitamos convertirla en una institución de excelencia. Si queremos convertir el campo en una verdadera locomotora, Corpoica –como dirían los matemáticos- es una condición necesaria”. Esta señal que recibimos hace cuatro años, y que ha significado desde entonces un apoyo decidido del Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural para nuestra Corporación, nos impuso nuestro primer gran reto: ¿Cómo recuperar la confianza en nosotros mismos y la del sector agropecuario? La recuperación de la confianza y el reconocimiento mutuo se convirtieron en nuestros grandes objetivos iniciales. A nivel interno la sola señal de contar con un primer convenio de inversión directa del Ministerio de Agricultura en 2011 comenzó a dinamizarnos, ya que en los años anteriores nuestra financiación para proyectos venía de convocatorias que generaban alta incertidumbre y fragmentación interna del trabajo. Tan incierta era esta situación que en 2010 Corpoica no firmó ningún nuevo contrato para desarrollar su tarea de investigación, desarrollo e innovación para el agro.
Respuesta del crecimiento de Azospirillum brasilense a diferentes condiciones físicoquímicas
Authors: Romero Perdomo Felipe , Camelo Rusinque Mauricio , Criollo Campos Paola , Bonilla Ruth
Published: March 2024

Dentro de las Bacterias promotoras de crecimiento vegetal (BPCV), Azospirillum es uno de los géneros que más impacto y aplicación ha tenido en gramíneas a nivel mundial (1). Cárdenas et al. (2014) demostraron la eficiencia de la cepa C16 (A. brasilense) para promover el crecimiento de cultivos de Panicum maximum Jacq. Con el fin de potenciar la actividad microbiana de las BPCV, es necesario definir los parámetros de crecimiento celular para la producción de biomasa (3). Aunque existen varios estudios sobre el crecimiento del género Azospirillum (4), pocos se han enfocado en el efecto de condiciones físico-químicas sobre su multiplicación masiva. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de factores fisicoquímicos como el pH y la temperatura sobre el crecimiento de la cepa C16
Online and Blended Delivery of Multi-Group Family Intervention for Families Living with Parental Mental Illness: Qualitative Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Moltrecht Bettina , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Labno Angelika , Merrick Hannah , Lange Aurelie M. C. , Ravaccia Giulia
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

In the UK 1 in 4 children are exposed to parental mental illness, and families living with parental mental illness (PMI) are poorly provided for across social and mental health care settings. Whole-family interventions provide promising means to enhance families’ overall functioning, mental health, and wellbeing.

OBJECTIVE

We evaluated how families living with PMI experienced a modified version of the KidsTime intervention. In contrast to the original in-person programme, the intervention was modified to be delivered online and later in a blended approach throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

A qualitative research design was used, involving semi-structured interviews and focus groups with parents/carers, children and intervention facilitators. We collected and analysed data from 22 families and 6 facilitators. Thematic reflexive analysis was used to analyse the data.

RESULTS

The intervention was acceptable to families and facilitators. The blended delivery approach was considered to cater for a wider range of families wanting to take part. We generated seven themes that reflect participants experiences with the intervention: (1) delivery modes, online, in-person and blended; (2) intervention content, structure and format; (3) families’ beliefs, attitudes and feelings; (4) learning; (5) social connection; (6) support and positivity; (7) observed changes and perceived impact.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on participants feedback we provide insights into possible benefits and change mechanisms of the intervention. We also give suggestions for clinical practice and how the present intervention and its delivery can be improved. Future research should focus on: (1) co-design activities with families to help refine the intervention further and (2) confirming the intervention’s effectiveness in sufficiently powered trials.
PSYCHO-SOCIAL IMPACT AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE IN NORTH CHENNAI
Authors: Khan Aadam Ahmed , T Aathi Raja , P P Seenivasan , T Susila
Published: March 2024

Objective: To assess the psycho-social impact of psoriasis and the quality of life (QoL) among psoriasis patients.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 140 done in a dermatology outpatient clinic in a tertiary care institution in North Chennai. The dermatology life quality index (DLQI) was the primary tool for assessing QoL.
Results: The study participants’ mean±SD DLQI score was 8.84±4.59. Out of 140 patients, 32.9% had severely affected QoL with a DLQI score >10. About 81.4% of study participants felt embarrassed due to their skin lesions, and marital life was affected by 36.4%. Suicidal thoughts and alcohol addiction (for coping up) were found to be prevalent among 12.9% of the subjects, both of which were maladaptive coping strategies. It was found that patients with DLQI scores of 10 or more tend to cling to alcohol as a coping mechanism, and this association is statistically significant. Further, a significant association was also noted between the site of the lesion and marital life getting affected by psoriasis. (x2=9.893, p=0.042).
Conclusion: Patients with psoriasis are subjected to an intricate web of physical and psycho-emotional challenges. Hence, the physician offering chronic follow-up care to those patients needs to adopt a holistic strategy to address their continuing medical and psychosocial needs.
A SIMPLE RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VERIFICATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF SODIUM BUTYRATE IN TABLETS
Authors: REDDY BEMBADI MUKUND , REDDY BHEEMI REDDY ASHOK , ASHOK KUMAR AKUTHOTA , KODIPYAKA RAVINDER , VOOTURI RAJESH
Published: March 2024

Objective: To develop a simple, accurate, precise, and linear reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method and verify the quantitative estimation (assay) of sodium butyrate in tablets.
Methods: The optimized RP-HPLC method uses a reverse phase stationary phase which is YMC Triart C18 column, having specifications of 250×4.6 mm; 5 μm, a mobile phase composition of pH 8.0 sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer and acetonitrile in the proportion of 92:8 v/v, flow rate of 0.5 ml/min, injection volume of 10 μL, and detection wavelength of 210 nm using a UV/PDA detector.
Results: The developed method gave sodium butyrate eluting at about 6 min. Sodium butyrate exhibited linearity in the range of 119.56–1195.6 μg/ ml. The precision was exemplified by a relative standard deviation of 0.30%. The percentage of individual recovery was found to be in the range of 97.0 and 103.0 during accuracy studies.
Conclusion: A simple, specific, accurate, precise, and linear RP-HPLC method was developed and verified for the quantitative estimation (assay) of sodium butyrate in tablets and hence this method can be explored for the analysis of sodium butyrate in tablets in various pharmaceutical industries.
A STUDY ON PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST AMONG PETROL-PUMP WORKERS IN TIRUNELVELI TOWN
Authors: A KALA , S SUBHALAKSHMI
Published: March 2024

Objective: In India, automobiles plying on roads are increasing every day. This has led to an increase in petrol-pump stations and an increase in pump workers. Petrol vapors and exhaust from vehicles have ill effects on the respiratory system. Petrol is a complex combination of hydrocarbons. Continuous exposure to petroleum vapours and exhaust from vehicles causes altered respiratory physiology.
Methods: This study involved 50 petrol-pump workers (PPWs) with another 50 age-matched healthy adults. Their age, history of past illness, smoking exposure, and working hours were noted. Pulmonary function test was done using a computerized Spirometer to measure various parameters.
Results: Parameters of pulmonary function in PPWs have a decline in mean values such as FVC, FEV1, peak expiratory flow rate, FIVC, forced expiratory flow (FEF) (25–75%), peak inspiratory flow, VC, and ERV when compared to the control group. It reflects the development of mixed patterns of lung disease (both obstructive and restrictive).
Conclusion: It is suggested that reduction or control measures against air pollution including protective equipment, the future movement toward green fuels, and identifying and protecting susceptible workers occupationally exposed to petrol and diesel fumes would be beneficial to humanity and the ecosystem.
Arte y cultura para la vida: culturas, políticas y resistencias en la sociedad mexicana del Siglo XXI
Authors: Rosales Ayala Héctor
Published: March 2024

Este libro reúne nueve textos acerca de diversos temas que abordan la cultura en México: un programa de investigación sobre la multiculturalidad mexicana; una mirada crítica a las políticas culturales; la gestión cultural comunitaria; dos ensayos sobre prácticas artísticas contemporáneas; la situación de los pueblos originarios a 500 años de la invasión europea; una aproximación al Sistema de las Artes Zapatistas; la Mutua Crianza, una novedosa forma de acción pedagógica comunitaria y, a la vez, un dispositivo crítico para cuestionar las premisas de la modernidad y de la crisis civilizatoria actual, y finalmente, un relato acerca de una experiencia estética y filosófica, testimonio de la posibilidad real de reencantar la vida. En la situación de confinamiento provocada por la pandemia de COVID-19, enviamos la invitación a participar en el Coloquio Temas Selectos de la Cultura en México. De esta manera, las autoras y autores de esta obra nos reunimos de manera virtual, logramos conversar e hicimos una verdadera tarea de escucha y de sensibilización. Estos elementos cualitativos se reflejan en cada uno de los capítulos. Quedan muchas tareas por realizar, desde la continuación de las investigaciones reportadas, hasta la invención creativa de espacios de encuentro para continuar dialogando sobre la vida en su multidimensionalidad.
Sobre el estigma hacia personas exreclusas: ¿realmente aceptamos su reinserción social?
Authors: Godoy Rodríguez Gabriela , Lagunes Córdoba Roberto
Published: March 2024

El reingreso de las personas que estuvieron en la cárcel a la sociedad general es ya una realidad del presente. Sin embargo, aún nos cuesta asimilar esta realidad y aceptarla. Sin darnos cuenta, tenemos una serie de comportamientos que limita las oportunidades de vida de la persona que estuvo en prisión, y perpetúa comportamientos que deseamos eliminar. Esto se ha estudiado desde la psicología bajo el nombre de estigma público, que está integrado por emociones, pensamientos y comportamientos; y se ha observado que las emociones son un elemento clave para predecir si habrá comportamientos de exclusión hacia estas personas.
Pivotiranje jezika u osoba s umjetnom pužnicom
Authors: Nodilo Nina , Liker Marko
Published: March 2024

Pivotiranje je vertikalno pomicanje jezika oko relativno stabilne središnje točke koje se javlja na prijeklopima artikulacijskih gesta zbog artikulacijskih ograničenja i koartikulacijskih otpora. Pivot bi mogao biti jedan od temeljnih kinematskih uzoraka u kretanju jezika tijekom govora koji utječe i na percepciju govora. Cilj je rada bio istražiti pivotiranje u govoru skupine prelingvalno gluhih govornika hrvatskoga jezika s ugrađenom umjetnom pužnicom. U istraživanju se koristio materijal prikupljen u okviru projekta KROKO, instrumentalnoga istraživanja koartikulacije u govoru tipičnih i atipičnih hrvatskih govornika. Pivotiranje se analiziralo na ultrazvučnim snimkama kvazispontanoga govora u vokalima [i], [a] i [u] omeđenima frikativom [ʃ]. Prikupljeni su podatci o broju, trajanju i snazi pivota te o položaju točke pivota. U govornome materijalu pronađena su 64 pivota, što upućuje na to da se ispitanici atipičnoga sluha i slušanja u svojim koartikulacijskim strategijama koriste pivotima i u tome su smislu usporedivi s tipičnim ispitanicima. Pokazalo se da broj pivota ovisi o glasničkome kontekstu, a snaga pivota ovisi o kliničkoj slici ispitanika.
Pragmatic function of speech disfluencies in high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of HUmanities and Social Sciences, Vidović Zorić Ana
Published: March 2024

Disfluencies in speech are usually viewed as manifestation of problems at the level of inner cognitive processes underlying speech production. However, it has been suggested that some types of disfluencies may also have a pragmatic function. The current study examines the distribution of disfluencies and speech rate in spontaneous speech of 10 high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorder (diagnosed as Asperger syndrome or high-functional autism) as compared to the typically developing controls. The task of participants was to retell the cartoon which they had previously watched. Their speech was audio recorded and transcribed. The duration of the analyzed speech segment was 60 seconds. Our results show that there is no significant difference in the total number of disfluencies between the two groups. Furthermore, participants of both groups produced the same types of disfluencies. Given that disfluencies reflect troubles in speech planning, these findings indicate that disfluencies are indeed a universal phenomenon in speech production. As regards different types of disfluencies, our study shows that participants with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) produced significantly more disfluent silent pauses and significantly fewer filled disfluencies than the controls. As has already been suggested in the literature, this could be due to the deficiency in the pragmatic ability of individuals with ASD. That is, individuals with ASD are less engaged in the maintenance of speech flow, which will result in more silent pauses.
Utjecaj dobi početka učenja engleskoga jezika na razlikovanje fonema /e/ i /æ/ u govoru
Authors:   Katarina Zrinska Foreign Language Centre Dr. Franjo Tuđman Croatian Defence Academy Zagreb, Croatia, Gugo Iva
Published: March 2024

Prema Modelu učenja govora (Flege, 1995) uspjeh u usvajanju fonema stranoga jezika uvjetovan je dobi u kojoj se počne s učenjem. U ovome radu istražuje se kako dob početka učenja engleskoga jezika utječe na razlikovanje engleskih fonema /e/ i /æ/ u govoru. U istraživanju su sudjelovali kadeti Hrvatskoga vojnog učilišta “Dr. Franjo Tuđman”. Oni su bili podijeljeni u rane početnike (početak učenja prije navršenih devet godina) i kasnije početnike (početak učenja u dobi od devet do četrnaest godina). Njihovo razlikovanje fonema /e/ i /æ/ promatrano je u zadatcima ponavljanja riječi, čitanja naglas te spontanoga govora. Ustanovljeno je da dob početka učenja nije utjecala na kvalitetu izgovora i razlikovanje fonema: kasniji početnici postigli su jednake rezultate i činili iste pogrješke kao i rani početnici, pa su tako u zadatku čitanja naglas ispitanici griješili u izgovoru manje im poznatih riječi, zamjenjujući ih učestalijim, ortografski sličnim riječima. Preporučuje se da u nastavi engleskoga više vremena bude posvećeno fonologiji te da se u podučavanju fonema i uvježbavanju izgovora koristi međunarodna fonetska abeceda.
Towards Efficient Coordination in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning through Hybrid Information-Driven Approaches
Authors: Chauhan Priyanka S
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This paper introduces a novel framework to enhance coordination in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) systems by integrating mutual information (MMI) principles with information-driven strategies. Firstly, we propose a variational approach leveraging MMI to promote coordinated behaviors among agents by regulating the cumulative return alongside the simultaneous mutual information between multi-agent actions. Through the introduction of a latent variable inducing nonzero mutual information and the application of a variational bound, a tractable lower bound is derived for the MMI-regularized objective function. This bound combines maximum entropy reinforcement learning with reducing uncertainty in other agents' actions. Subsequently, we present a practical algorithm, Variational Maximum Mutual Information Multi-Agent Actor-Critic (VM3-AC), utilizing policy iteration to maximize the derived lower bound, following a centralized learning with decentralized execution (CTDE) paradigm. Secondly, we explore the challenges of large state spaces and limited computational resources in distributed multi-agent systems, proposing a hybrid information-driven MARL approach. This approach integrates informationtheoretic models as heuristics to aid navigation in sparse state spaces, complemented by information-based rewards within an RL framework to learn higher-level policies efficiently. Our preliminary findings suggest that this hybrid approach could enhance exploration efficiency significantly, demonstrating approximately three orders of magnitude improvement over naive baseline metrics. Although still in its early stages, this work presents a promising direction for future research in achieving efficient coordination in MARL systems
GAMBARAN SIKAP IBU TERHADAP MASA PREMENOPAUSE PADA IBU-IBU
Authors: Nurdono Dimas Aprianggalih
Published: March 2024

Premenopause adalah masa dimana tubuh mulai bertransisi menuju menopause. Premenopause dapat diartikan sebagai suatu kondisi fisiologis wanita yang telah memasuki masa penuaan (aging) yang ditandai dengan menurunnya kadar hormonal estrogen ovarium yang sangat berperan dalam reproduksi seksualitas, sering mengganggu aktifitas wanita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran sikap ibu terhadap masa premenopause di Desa Gonggang Kecamatan Poncol, Kabupaten Magetan. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain non eksperimen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan skala sikap ibu premenopause. Jumlah subyek 63 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sikap ibu terhadap masa premenopause secara keseluruhan adalah bersikap negatif.Kata kunci: Sikap, ibu, masa premenopause
PENERIMAAN MASA LALU TERHADAP INSOMNIA PADA LANSIA
Authors: Bestari Winda Ayu
Published: March 2024

Insomnia banyak terjadi pada lansia dan berakibat pada menurunnya tingkat kesejahteraan jiwa, mengganggu kehidupan sosial serta mengakibatkan menurunnya kondisi fisik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerimaan masa lalu terhadap insomnia yang terjadi pada lansia. Penelitian ini melibatkan 103 orang lansia yang terdiri dari 72 lansia laki-laki dan 31 lansia perempuan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan skala Accepting the Past/Reminiscing about the Past (ACPAST/REM) dan Pittsburgh Insomnia Rating Scale-20 (PIRS-20). Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sebesar 39,4% pengaruh dari penerimaan masa lalu terhadap insomnia pada lansia. Sedangkan 60,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.Kata kunci: Penerimaan masa lalu, insomnia, lansia
REGULASI MOOD NEGATIF PADA MAHASISWA DITINJAU DARI JENIS KELAMIN
Authors: Khoirina Izzati
Published: March 2024

Regulasi mood negatif adalah strategi yang dilakukan pada berbagai komponen modulasi perilaku, baik yang dilakukan secara internal maupun eksternal terhadap perasaan-perasaan yang kurang intens dan yang terjadi karena situasi dan kondisi yang sedang dialami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan regulasi mood negatif pada mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Desain yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif non-eksperimen yaitu penelitian kausal komparatif dengan menggunakan skala NMR (Negatif Mood Regulation). Jumlah subjek 378 orang. Hasil penelitin menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan regulasi mood negatif pada mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Regualsi mood negatif pada mahasiswa laki-laki lebih baik dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa perempuan.Kata kunci: Regulasi mood, mood negatif
STRES PADA REMAJA YANG TINGGAL DI PANTI ASUHAN
Authors: Kristanti Kristanti
Published: March 2024

Stres merupakan suatu respon yang tidak menyenangkan, suatu keadaan dan tuntutan yang melebihi kemampuan individu untuk mengatasinya dan dapat berpengaruh pada kondisi mental dan psikis seseorang. Pada sebagian besar remaja hambatan-hambatan dalam kehidupan mereka akan sangat mengganggu kesehatan fisik dan emosi mereka, menghancurkan motivasi dan kemampuan menuju sukses disekolah dan merusak hubungan pribadi mereka dan banyak dari remaja yang mencapai masa dewasa dengan berbagai permasalahan yang disebabkan kurangnya perhatian, kasih sayang dan bimbingan dari orang tua. Stres pada remaja sama halnya yang terjadi pada orang dewasa, stres bisa berefek negatif pada tubuh remaja hanya saja perbedaannya ada pada sumbernya dan bagaimana mereka meresponnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui stres pada remaja yang tinggal dipanti asuhan Nurul Abyadh dengan usia 15-18 tahun dengan jumlah subyek (N = 50). Metode Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala stres remaja. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa stres pada remaja yang tinggal dipanti asuhan Nurul Abyadh tergolong stres sedang tetapi tidak tinggi. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa subyek cukup mampu mengendalikan stresnya.Kata kunci: Stres, remaja, panti asuhan
Como uma gota de água no mar: Michel de Certeau, a teologia e a história
Authors: Barros Cristiano Ferreira de
Published: March 2024

Certeau sabia que suas enunciações teológicas só poderiam manter sua pertinência enquanto práxis cristã se elas mesmas fossem tão frágeis quanto aquelas às quais respondia; se sua escritura do desejo crente na ordem corrente das coisas fosse virtualmente fábula a ser retomada, borrada, rasurada e apagada por outras conversões; se aceitasse ele mesmo o risco de morrer para dar lugar a outros nascimentos; se ele entendesse como inevitavelmente cristãos o êxodo na história e a angústia da perda daquilo sem o qual não pode ser, mas que irremediavelmente falta.
Una mirada socioambiental de la historia de la explotación de mamíferos marinos y aves en el paisaje malvinero y atlántico patagónico, 1800-1914
Authors:   Universidad de Magallanes, Mayorga Marcelo
Published: March 2024

Reseña bibliográfica Balleneros, loberos y guaneros en Patagonia y Malvinas. Una historia socioambiental del mar (1800-1914) El libro Balleneros, loberos y guaneros en Patagonia y Malvinas trata sobre la historia de la apropiación y transformación del paisaje atlántico patagónico y malvinero en el transcurso de una de las olas expansivas y extractivas del capitalismo global que a contar de fines del siglo XVIII tuvo como escenario el extremo austral americano.
Świadomość skazanych w zakresie pomocy postpenitencjarnej
Authors: Walancik Marek
Published: March 2024

Okres przed zakończeniem odbywania kary przez skazanego jest bardzo ważny dla niego, jego rodziny i społeczeństwa. Podczas odbywania kary, a w szczególności w ostatnich sześciu miesiącach, podejmowane są działania przygotowujące skazanego do ponownego funkcjonowania w społeczeństwie. W odniesieniu do praktyki pomocy postpenitencjarnej istotna jest świadomość skazanego o możliwościach i zakresie pomocy postpenitencjarnej jaką może otrzymać. W artykule zaprezentowano fragment badań, które przeprowadzono na potrzeby Rady Terenowej ds. Społecznej Readaptacji i Pomocy Skazanym powołanej przez wojewodę śląskiego, której autor jestem członkiem.
Changes in intra-host genetic diversity according to lesion severity in longitudinal HPV16 samples.
Authors: Costanzi Jean-Marc , S Milan Stosic , Løvestad Alexander Hesselberg , Ambur Ole Herman , B Trine Rounge , Christiansen Irene Kraus
Published: March 2024

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is the most common cause of
cervical cancer, but most infections are transient and with lesions not
progressing to cancer. There is a lack of specific biomarkers for
diagnosis and risk stratification. This study aimed to explore the
intra-host HPV16 genomic variation in longitudinal samples from
HPV16-infected women with different cervical lesion severity (normal,
low-grade, and high-grade). The TaME-seq deep sequencing protocol was
used to generate whole genome HPV16 sequences of 102 samples collected
over time from 40 individuals. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and
intra-host single nucleotide variants (iSNVs) were identified in the
viral genomes. A majority of individuals had a unique set of SNVs and
these SNVs were stable over time. Overall, the number of iSNVs and
APOBEC3-induced iSNVs were significantly lower in high-grade relative to
normal and low-grade samples, respectively. A significant increase in
the number of APOBEC3-induced iSNVs over time was observed for normal
samples when compared to high-grade. Our results provide new insight
into the dynamics of HPV16 within-hosts evolution. Low number of iSNVs
and APOBEC3-induced iSNVs, characteristics of high-grade lesions, could
potentially serve as biomarkers to guide triage of HPV-induced cervical
precancerous lesions.
Prolonged viral shedding in an immunocompromised Korean patient infected with hMPXV, sub-lineage B.1.3, with acquired drug resistant mutations during tecovirimat treatment
Authors: Chung Yoon-Seok , Lee Minji , Choi Chi-Hwan , Kim Jin-Won , Sim Gyuri , Lee SangEun , Shin Hwachul , Lee Jeong hyun , Choi Myung-Min , Yi Hwajung
Published: March 2024

Following the worldwide surge in mpox(monkeypox) in 2022, cases have
persisted in Asia, including South Korea, and sexual contact is presumed
as the predominant mode of transmission, with a discernible surge in
prevalence among immunocompromised patients. Drugs such as tecovirimat
can result in drug-resistant mutations, presenting obstacles to
treatment. This study aimed to ascertain the presence of
tecovirimat-related resistant mutations through genomic analysis of the
monkeypox virus isolated from a reported case involving prolonged viral
shedding in South Korea. Here, tecovirimat-resistant mutations,
previously identified in the B.1 clade, were observed in the B.1.3
clade, predominant in South Korea. These mutations exhibited diverse
patterns across different samples from the same patient and reflected
the varied distribution of viral subpopulations in different anatomical
regions. The A290V and A288P mutant strains we isolated hold promise for
elucidating these mechanisms, enabling a comprehensive analysis of viral
pathogenesis, replication strategies, and host interactions. Our
findings imply that acquired drug-resistant mutations, may present a
challenge to individual patient treatment. Moreover, they have the
potential to give rise to transmitted drug-resistant mutations, thereby
imposing a burden on the public health system. Consequently, the
meticulous genomic surveillance among immunocompromised patients,
conducted in this research, assumes paramount importance.
Discovering potential key features of genome wide profiling data using Decision Variable Analysis
Authors: Xie Jie , Xie Feng , Li Cheng , Lu Weike , Yang Zhen
Published: March 2024

The identification of key features related to phenotype of interest
(POI) from high dimensional data has been one of the important issues
for omics-data study, such as transcriptome or DNA methylome data.
However, these data are commonly contaminated by sources of unwanted
variation caused by platforms, batches or other types of biological
factors. Thus, the data can be considered as a combination of variation
derived from POI and other confounding factors. Not taking into
consideration for these factors could lead to spurious associations and
missing important signals. Based on this idea, we propose a novel
feature selection method called Decision Variable Analysis (DVA) to
extract the important features related to POI from the data containing
potential confounding factors. Using this method on the simulated data
and real data, respectively, we found DVA performed better in
identifying confounding factors comparing to other methods, including
linear regression and surrogate variable analysis. Especially, our
method is more efficient for the data in which there are much more
feature number than sample size. We show improvements of DVA across
high-dimensional datasets with smaller samples size compared to feature
number on different platforms. The results indicate that DVA is an
effective method to dissect sources of variation for omics-data with
potential confounding factors. DVA is freely available for use at
[https://github.com/xvon1/DVA](https://github.com/xvon1/DVA).
Recent advances in effect of crystallization dynamics process on the morphology of active layer in organic solar cells
Authors: Liang Qiuju , Duan Mingzhi , Liu Xingpeng , Zhu Haolei , Yang Kaiqi , Zhang Wen , Xin Jingming , Liu Jiangang
Published: March 2024

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have received widespread attention due to
light weight, low cost, semitransparency and ease of solution
processing. By continuously improving materials design, active layer
morphology, and device fabrication techniques, the power conversion
efficiency (PCE) of OSCs have exceeded 20%. The morphology of the
active layer, which includes the phase separation structure, the degree
of crystallinity of molecules, and the domain sizes, plays a critically
important role in the performance, which is significantly influenced by
the crystallization dynamics of the donor and acceptor. Therefore, it is
crucial to comprehensively understand how the dynamics impact the film
structure and how to effectively employ the kinetic procedure to enhance
the structure of the active layer in OSCs. In this review, the methods
and principles of kinetics characterization were introduced. Afterwards,
the latest advancements in the control of film-forming and the post
annealing process are outlined, unveiling the underlying mechanism. In
conclusion, the potential and future of OSCs were anticipated and
projected. Researchers may gain a comprehensive comprehension of how the
dynamic process affects the morphology through this review, potentially
enhancing the performance of OSCs.
An Efficient Photothermal Conversion Material Based on D-A Type Luminophore for Solar-driven Desalination
Authors: Yang Jun-Cheng , Wu Lin , Wang Le , Ren Runhua , Chen Pu , Qi Chuanxuan , Feng Hai-Tao , Tang Ben
Published: March 2024

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is a promising technology for
desalination. The photothermal conversion materials are at the core and
play a key role in this field. Design of photothermal conversion
materials based on organic dyes for desalination is still a challenge
due to lack of efficient guiding strategy. Herein, a new D (donor)-A
(acceptor) type conjugated tetraphenylpyrazine (TPP) luminophore (namely
TPP-2IND) was prepared as a photothermal conversion molecule. It
exhibited a broad absorption spectrum and strong π– π
stacking in the solid state, resulting in efficient sunlight harvesting
and boosting nonradiative decay. TPP-2IND powder exhibited high
photothermal efficiency upon 660 nm laser irradiation (0.9 Wcm
), and the surface temperature can reach to 200
C. Then, an interfacial heating system based on
TPP-2IND is established successfully. The water evaporation rate and the
solar-driven water evaporation efficiency were evaluated up to 1.04 kgm
h and 65.8% under 1 sunlight,
respectively. Thus, this novel solar-driven heating system shows high
potential for desalination and stimulates the development of advanced
photothermal conversion materials.