bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Journal of Consumer Behaviour's first 20 years
Authors: Eastman Jacqueline K. , Muncy James A. , Jain Varsha , Iyer Rajesh
Published: July 2023

We analyzed and compared the Journal of Consumer Behaviour content in its first 20 years of publication. Articles were categorized into seven topics (Internal Factors, External Factors, Decision Process, Social Issues, Internet, Managerial Issues, and Research Methods) with subtopics. Authorship, citations based on Google Scholar, geographic representation of authors, and methodologies employed across the first 20 years were also explored. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the journal and consumer behaviour. This analysis provides suggestions for future research to be published by the Journal of Consumer Behaviour.
CO‐WOA: Novel Optimization Approach for Deep Learning Classification of Fish Image
Authors: Aziz Rabia Musheer , Mahto Rajul , Das Aryan , Ahmed Saboor Uddin , Roy Priyanka , Mallik Saurav , Li Aimin
Published: July 2023

The most significant groupings of cold‐blooded creatures are the fish family. It is crucial to recognize and categorize the most significant species of fish since various species of seafood diseases and decay exhibit different symptoms. Systems based on enhanced deep learning can replace the area's currently cumbersome and sluggish traditional approaches. Although it seems straightforward, classifying fish images is a complex procedure. In addition, the scientific study of population distribution and geographic patterns is important for advancing the field's present advancements. The goal of the proposed work is to identify the best performing strategy using cutting‐edge computer vision, the Chaotic Oppositional Based Whale Optimization Algorithm (CO‐WOA), and data mining techniques. Performance comparisons with leading models, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and VGG‐19, are made to confirm the applicability of the suggested method. The suggested feature extraction approach with Proposed Deep Learning Model was used in the research, yielding accuracy rates of 100 %. The performance was also compared to cutting‐edge image processing models with an accuracy of 98.48 %, 98.58 %, 99.04 %, 98.44 %, 99.18 % and 99.63 % such as Convolutional Neural Networks, ResNet150V2, DenseNet, Visual Geometry Group‐19, Inception V3, Xception. Using an empirical method leveraging artificial neural networks, the Proposed Deep Learning model was shown to be the best model.
How to interpret ‘Secret shopper’ studies of residential programs
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: July 2023

Many parents want their children — even their adult children — with substance use disorders (SUDs) to be in residential treatment. They feel that it's safe. They don't want them to have outpatient buprenorphine or methadone, despite the fact that these medications are first line treatment for opioid use disorders (OUDs). In addition, many of these children do not have opioid problems — increasingly, stimulants are a problem, and alcohol and marijuana always have been; OUD medications don't work for these SUDs.
Multifocal osteomyelitis in a child with sickle cell disease and review of the literature regarding best diagnostic approach
Authors: Scruggs Megan , Pateva Irina
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical Message

In patients with sickle cell disease, we must be more cognizant of the possibility of multifocal osteomyelitis. Diagnosis can be challenging in this patient population as the symptoms mimic vaso‐occlusive crisis. There is no gold standard in imaging.

Osteomyelitis occurs more frequently in children with sickle cell disease. Diagnosis is challenging as it mimics vaso‐occlusive crises, a common manifestation of sickle cell disease. We present a case of a 22‐month‐old girl with sickle cell disease and multifocal osteomyelitis. We review the literature on the utility of diagnostic imaging.
Numerical Study on the Granular Flow and Heat Transfer of a Calcium Looping CO2 Capture System
Authors: Chou Shih-Hao , Chen Yi-Shun , Hsiau Shu-San , Liu Shang-Yu
Published: July 2023

The calcium looping process has become a promising technology for reducing carbon dioxide emissions because of its lower energy consumption compared with other methods. A three‐dimensional multifluid model based on the kinetic theory was employed to study the movement of granules in the calciner. The results demonstrated that an increase in the rotation speed and inclination angle of the calciner led to a decrease in the residence time of the particles. Simultaneously, the probability of the particles being heated was reduced. Insufficiently calcined particles reduce the carbon capture capacity in the next cycle; therefore, suitable operating conditions and mechanism designs are very important.
Efficacy and safety of oral immunotherapy for peanut, cow's milk, and hen's egg allergy: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lodge Caroline J. , Waidyatillake Nilakshi , Peters Rachel L. , Netting Merryn , Dai Xin , Burgess John , Hornung Catherine J. , Perrett Kirsten P. , Tang Mimi L. K. , Koplin Jennifer J. , Dharmage Shyamali C.
Published: July 2023

Background

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is a promising treatment for food allergies; however, safety is a concern. We synthesized evidence from the best randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on efficacy/safety of OIT for desensitization (DS) and remission (sustained unresponsiveness (SU)) in IgE mediated allergy to peanut, hen's eggs, and cow's milk.

Body

We searched Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases (Until Oct 22) identifying 16 eligible RCTs published in English measuring food allergy by food challenge at the beginning and at the end of the study. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess study quality. We found 18 eligible studies. There was evidence of efficacy for DS for all allergens: peanut (RR 11.32; 95% CI 5.93, 21.60, I2 49%, 8 studies); hen's egg (RR 4.67; 2.66, 8.21, I2 0%, 5 studies); cow's milk (RR 13.98; 3.51, 55.65, I2 0%, 4 studies) and evidence for SU for peanut (RR 7.74; 2.90, 20.69, I2 0%, 3 studies) and hen's egg (RR 6.91; 1.67, 28.57, I2 0%, 2 studies). Allergic events were increased with intervention, and risk of adrenaline use increased for peanut RR 2.96; 1.63, 5.35, I2 0%, 8 studies; egg RR 1.71; 0.42, 6.92, I2 0%, 6 studies; and milk RR 8.45; 2.02, 35.27, I2 0%, 4 studies.

Conclusion

We found strong evidence that peanut, hen's egg, and cow's milk OIT can induce DS and some evidence for remission. There was a high risk of allergic reactions. Generalizability to the entire food allergic population is not known.
Cancer‐associated fibroblasts contribute to the immunosuppressive landscape and influence the efficacy of the combination therapy of PD‐1 inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Qiurui , Wang Xuejia , Zheng Yichen , Ye Ting , Liu Jing , Wang Jin‐Quan , Zhang Wen‐feng , Wu Feng‐Lin , Bo Huaben , Shao Hongwei , Zhang Rongxin , Shen Han
Published: July 2023

Background

Chronic inflammation is considered the most critical predisposing factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with inflammatory cell heterogeneity, hepatic fibrosis accumulation, and abnormal vascular proliferation as prominent features of the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a key role in HCC TME remodeling. Therefore, the level of abundance of CAFs may significantly affect the prognosis and outcome in HCC patients.

Methods

Unsupervised clustering was performed based on 39 genes related to CAFs in HCC identified by single‐cell RNA sequencing data. Patients of bulk RNA were grouped into CAF low abundance cluster and high abundance clusters. Subsequently, prognosis, immune infiltration landscape, metabolism, and treatment response between the two clusters were investigated and validated by immunohistochemistry.

Results

Patients in the CAF high cluster had a higher level of inflammatory cell infiltration, a more significant immunosuppressive microenvironment, and a significantly worse prognosis than those in the low cluster. At the metabolic level, the CAF high cluster had lower levels of aerobic oxidation and higher angiogenic scores. Drug treatment response prediction indicated that the CAF high cluster could have a better response to PD‐1 inhibitors and conventional chemotherapeutic agents for HCC such as anti‐angiogenic drugs, whereas CAF low cluster may be more sensitive to transarterial chemoembolization treatment.

Conclusions

This study not only revealed the TME characteristics of HCC with the difference in CAF abundance but also further confirmed that the combination therapy of PD‐1 inhibitors and anti‐angiogenic drugs may be more valuable for patients with high CAF abundance.
On the stabilizing effect of rotation in the 3d Euler equations
Authors: Guo Yan , Huang Chunyan , Pausader Benoit , Widmayer Klaus
Published: July 2023

While it is well known that constant rotation induces linear dispersive effects in various fluid models, we study here its effect on long time nonlinear dynamics in the inviscid setting. More precisely, we investigate stability in the 3d rotating Euler equations in with a fixed speed of rotation. We show that for any , axisymmetric initial data of sufficiently small size ε lead to solutions that exist for a long time at least and disperse. This is a manifestation of the stabilizing effect of rotation, regardless of its speed. To achieve this we develop an anisotropic framework that naturally builds on the available symmetries. This allows for a precise quantification and control of the geometry of nonlinear interactions, while at the same time giving enough information to obtain dispersive decay via adapted linear dispersive estimates.
Coordination Chemistry of the Antimony(III) and Bismuth(III) Cations using Bis(α‐iminopyridine) as Ligand
Authors: Haldar Hritwik , Yildiz Cem. B. , Majumdar Moumita
Published: July 2023

Bis(alpha‐iminopyridine) L has been employed as the redox non‐innocent Schiff‐base ligand to coordinate with cationic antimony(III) and bismuth(III) centers. Mono‐ and di‐ cationic compounds: [LSbCl2][CF3SO3] 1, [LBiCl2][CF3SO3] 2, [LSbCl2]2[Sb2Cl8] 3, [LBiCl2]2[Bi2Cl8] 4, [LSbCl][CF3SO3]2 5, [LBiCl][CF3SO3]2 6 have been isolated and characterized using single crystal X‐ray crystallography in the solid‐state and solution‐state NMR studies. These compounds have been prepared from PnCl3 (Pn=Sb, Bi) and chloride abstracting agent such as Me3SiCF3SO3 or AgCF3SO3 in the presence of L. The Bi tri‐cationic species forms heteroleptic compound 7, being coordinated by two types of Schiff‐base donors L and L′. The latter has been in situ generated by the cleavage of one of the two imines present in L.
On the Tunability of Toxicity for Viologen‐Derivatives as Anolyte for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: de la Parra Sandra , Tamayo‐Ramos Juan Antonio , Rubio‐Presa Rubén , Perez‐Antolin Daniel , Ruiz Virginia , Sanz Roberto , Rumbo Carlos , Ventosa Edgar
Published: July 2023

Viologen‐derivatives are the most widely used redox organic molecules for neutral pH negative electrolyte of redox flow batteries. However, the long‐established toxicity of the herbicide methyl‐viologen raises concern for deployment of viologen‐derivatives at large scale in flow batteries. Herein, we demonstrate the radically different cytotoxicity and toxicology of a series of viologen‐derivatives in in vitro assays using model organisms representative of human and environmental exposure, namely human lung carcinoma epithelial cell line (A549) and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results show that safe viologen derivatives can be molecularly engineered, representing a promising family of negolyte materials for neutral redox flow batteries.
Newly designed single‐stage dual leg DC‐DC/AC buck‐boost converter for grid connected solar system
Authors: Suresh Krishnan , Parimalasundar Ezhilvannan
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes a novel single‐stage buck‐boost inverter based on dual leg. Modulation techniques, working principle, guidelines for components design, and guidelines are discussed and presented. A theoretical concept is initially tested in Simulink platform and practically verified with a test bench model. A practical model is developed to verify the simulation model and tested different modes of operation are analyzed. The main advantages of the proposed work are as follows: The number of passive components is less, switching frequency components are not high so leakage current is very less, and voltage control in a wide range is achieved without using a DC link capacitor. High efficiency can be achieved due to multi‐stage operation. This proposed work is suitable for high/low voltage PV‐based energy conversion. Electromagnetic interference is also reduced due to continuous input current.
Simple experimental and analytical methods to estimate the power coupling efficiency in plasma discharges
Authors: Delacqua L. Colina , Ouaras K. , Redolfi M. , Orlac'H J.‐M. , Silva F. , Bonnin X. , Hassouni K. , Lombardi G.
Published: July 2023

A simple experimental method to estimate the power effectively absorbed by a plasma is presented. It relies on a thermal management study that is applied to the whole discharge system, providing the energy released by the plasma and lost by convection and radiation at the reactor walls. The methodology is illustrated in the case of H2 Electron Cyclotron Resonance microwave plasma. Nevertheless, this method can be extended to a variety of electrical discharge or feed gases. Using this method, an experimental coupling efficiency of ∼22 ± ∼8% was derived. In comparison, an analytical balance of the plasma power absorption yields a theoretical coupling efficiency of ∼28 ± ∼9%.
Exosome‐mediated PROTACs delivery to target viral infections
Authors: Mukerjee Nobendu , Maitra Swastika , Ghosh Arabinda , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Sharma Rohit
Published: July 2023

Exosome‐based targeted delivery of Proteolysis‐Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) is an innovative approach that provides a promising solution for addressing the complex issues of viral diseases. This strategy significantly mitigates the off‐target effects associated with traditional therapeutics by facilitating targeted delivery of PROTACs, which in turn enhances the overall therapeutic outcomes. Challenges like poor pharmacokinetics and unintended side effects, commonly observed with conventional PROTACs usage, are effectively managed with this approach. Emerging evidence affirms the potential of this delivery mechanism in curbing viral replication. However, it is crucial to undertake more comprehensive investigations for optimizing exosome‐based delivery systems and conducting stringent safety and efficacy assessments within preclinical and clinical settings. The advancements in this field could potentially redefine the therapeutic landscape for viral diseases, opening new vistas for their management and treatment.
Impact of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided transmural drainage for postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatic surgery
Authors: Miyamoto Ryoichi , Takahashi Amane , Ogura Toshiro , Kitamura Kei , Ishida Hiroyuki , Matsudaira Shinichi , Suzuki Yuko , Shimizu Satoshi , Kawashima Yoshiyuki
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a major cause of morbidity after pancreatic surgery. Recently, endoscopic ultrasound‐guided transmural drainage (EUS‐TD) has been widely used to manage pancreatic pseudocysts after acute pancreatitis. Several studies have reported the effectiveness of EUS‐TD for POPF, although there is insufficient evidence regarding the performance of EUS‐TD for POPF. We herein report on the safety, efficacy, and appropriate timing of EUS‐TD for POPF compared with conventional percutaneous intervention.

Methods

Eight patients who underwent EUS‐TD of POPF and 36 patients who underwent percutaneous intervention were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical outcomes, including technical success, clinical success, and complications, were analyzed among the two groups.

Results

In terms of clinical outcomes between the EUS‐TD and percutaneous intervention groups, significant differences were observed in the number of interventions (1 vs. 4, p = 0.011), period of clinical success (6 days vs. 11 days, p = 0.001), incidence of complications (0 vs. 3, p = 0.021), postoperative hospital stays (27 days vs. 34 days, p = 0.027), and recurrence of POPF (0 vs. 5, p = 0.001).

Conclusions

EUS‐TD for POPF appears to be safe and technically feasible. This approach should be considered a therapeutic option in patients with POPF after pancreatic surgery.
Cardiometabolic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Lempesis Ioannis G. , Apple Samuel J. , Duarte Gustavo , Palaiodimos Leonidas , Kalaitzopoulos Dimitrios Rafail , Dalamaga Maria , Kokkinidis Damianos G.
Published: July 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy affecting many women of reproductive age. Although its physiology is poorly understood, hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance play a pivotal role in this complex syndrome, predisposing patients to a variety of cardiovascular and metabolic modalities. Current therapeutic options, including lifestyle modifications and medications, often do not satisfactorily improve clinical outcomes. SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2i) are a novel option which can potentially improve many hormonal and metabolic parameters for patients with PCOS, though the net cardiovascular effects remain under investigation in this population of patients with PCOS. Overall, the use of SGLT‐2i may be associated with beneficial somatometric, metabolic and hormonal outcomes of PCOS. To date, all available studies have recorded body mass index, waist and hip circumference, and fat mass reductions, improved insulin and androgen levels, and reduced blood pressure. The aim of the present review is to summarise PCOS‐related manifestations and mechanisms leading to cardiovascular disease, to explore the cardiometabolic impact of SGLT2i on PCOS, and to critically analyse the cardiometabolic and hormonal outcomes of the recent studies on the use of SGLT2i in women with PCOS.
Electrochemical Asymmetric Diacetoxylation of Styrenes Mediated by Chiral Iodoarene Catalyst**
Authors: Wojciechowska Natalia , Bienkowski Krzysztof , Solarska Renata , Kalek Marcin
Published: July 2023

Organocatalysis with chiral iodoarenes has emerged as a powerful approach for performing enantioselective transformations. However, it suffers from the need to utilize stoichiometric amounts of peroxy acids or similar high energy oxidants. Electrosynthesis enables eliminating stoichiometric redox reagents by replacing them with electric stimuli. In this context, an electrochemically‐promoted variant of the chiral iodoarene‐catalyzed asymmetric diacetoxylation of styrenes was evaluated. The screening of reaction parameters established a set of conditions under which, for the first time, an enantioselective electrochemical oxidation mediated by a chiral iodoarene achieving a catalytic turnover has been accomplished. The reaction was applied for the synthesis of an array of products in 15–60 % yields and 0–84 % ee. The modest efficiency of the electrocatalysis was traced to a partial direct oxidation of styrene substrates leading to racemic products and undesired dimeric side‐products. Cyclic voltammetry measurements demonstrated that such outcome originates from a somewhat difficult electrochemical oxidation of the applied iodoarene catalyst. Present work provides important insights and implications for the design of more efficient electrocatalytic systems employing chiral iodoarenes as mediators.
Mn Incorporated CeO2 Lattice Endorsement of Electrochemical Performance in Symmetric Supercapacitor Device
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Adalati Ravikant , Rani Reenu , Sharma Siddharth , Kumar Ashwani , Choudhary Nitesh , Chandra Ramesh
Published: July 2023

The greater charge transfer rate and variable oxidation states make cerium oxides a potential candidate to be used for energy storage application. Also, doping heteroatom in the architecture of well‐structured cerium oxide can significantly improve capacitive performance. Herein, manganese doped cerium oxide‐based nanostructured thin film is synthesized via the pulse laser deposition method for the accomplishment of the supercapacitive performance of the electrode. Due to the incorporation of Mn into the lattice of CeO2 electrode, the specific capacitance has been increased from 292 to 395 F g−1 at 2 mA cm−2 and capacitance retention also increased to 92.5% in 0.5 m Li2SO4 electrolyte solution. Later, an Mn–CeO2//Mn–CeO2@SS device is fabricated, which exhibit a specific capacitance of 85 F g−1 at 2 mA cm−2 within the working voltage window of +1.2 V. The symmetric supercapacitor (SS) device with high energy and power densities of 31 Wh kg−1 and 1673 W kg−1, respectively, also exhibits excellent cyclic retention of 87.6% even after 10 000 cycles. The Mn‐doped CeO2 symmetric supercapacitor device's electrochemical richness makes it an appropriate material for supercapacitor applications.
Simulations and Suitability Study of Inorganic Cu‐Based Hole‐Transport Layers in Planar CH3NH3SnI3‐Based Perovskite Solar Cell and Module
Authors: Qasim Irfan , Malik Muhammad Imran
Published: July 2023

Hybrid perovskite light‐harvesting materials offer a high absorption coefficient, solution‐based synthesis techniques, and tunable bandgap, making them ideal for high‐performance renewable energy devices. The primary focus of current investigations is the design and comparative numerical investigation of solar cells. Key aspects with a substantial influence on device output, such as quantum efficiency, surface depth, bandgap tuning, interfacial defect densities, thicknesses of structural layers, temperature, carrier generation, and recombination rates, are explored and optimized. The investigation of Cu‐based hole‐transport layers (HTLs) has revealed that Cu2O (power conversion efficiency [PCE] = 22.60%), CuCrO2 (PCE = 22.25%), and CuI (PCE = 21.54%) have shown remarkable photovoltaic parameters with high carrier generation and reduced recombination rates. CuCrO2 has shown significant electrical parameters, which are further incorporated into the module simulation software PVsyst. Calculations are performed with a combination of 72 cells in series for a solar module of standard weight 27 kg and dimensions 2.20 m × 1.10 m in Islamabad, Pakistan. The module has shown an impressive power output of 523.40 W and an annual performance ratio of 88.6%. Simulated results endorse a viable and technically feasible route to incorporate Cu‐based HTLs into the design of perovskite absorber‐based solar cells and modules to increase their efficiency and maximize power production.
Spent Catalyst‐Derived Mo‐MOF: Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Swain Jaykishon , Hajra Sugato , Das Niharika , Parhi Pankaj , Panda Swati , Priyadarshini Anulipsa , Panda Jagannath , Sahu Alok Kumar , Alagarsamy Perumal , Vivekananthan Venkateswaran , Kim Hoe Joon , Sahu Rojalin
Published: July 2023

The spent catalysts discarded during chemical manufacturing can be a source of pollution and are classified as hazardous waste. Looking at the bright sides of the mission of waste management, such as recycling and reducing, reuse such types of the spent catalyst can be chemically treated to extract valuable salts and metals. Such a process not only reduces waste disposal issues but also promotes a circular economy ecosystem. This present study aims to extract MoO3 from the spent petroleum catalyst, Mo–Ni/Al2O3, and further processing of Mo‐metal organic framework (MOF) particles using extracted MoO3 and imidazole acting as an organic binder. The structural, morphology, and thermal properties of Mo‐MOF are evaluated. The surface roughness and positive surface potential of the Mo‐MOF are achieved. The Mo‐MOF/Kapton‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) generate a 148 V voltage, 470 nA current, and 17 nC charge. Further, TENG is utilized to charge the capacitors, and powering of the electronic devices is demonstrated. The repetition of the boxing punches and exercises can be monitored using TENGs and paves the way toward intelligent sports or healthcare.
Latent profiles of emotion dysregulation among individuals with binge‐spectrum eating disorders: Associations with eating disorder pathology
Authors: Riddle Devyn R. , Presseller Emily K. , Manasse Stephanie M. , Juarascio Adrienne S.
Published: July 2023

Objective

Emotion dysregulation (i.e., a multi‐component term comprising nonacceptance of emotional responses, difficulty engaging in goal‐directed behaviour, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity) is a well‐established transdiagnostic risk and maintenance factor for eating disorders. To date, there is limited information on how varying scores on subdomains of emotion dysregulation may yield distinct profiles in individuals with binge‐spectrum eating disorders (B‐EDs), and how these emotion dysregulation profiles may inform resultant symptomatology.

Method

In the current study, treatment‐seeking individuals with B‐EDs (n = 315) completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Eating Disorder Examination. Latent profile analysis was conducted on the six subscales of the DERS. Identified latent profiles were examined as predictors of eating disorder pathology using linear regression, and a two‐class model of emotion dysregulation fit the data.

Results

Class 1 (n = 113) was low in all of the DERS subscales, while Class 2 (n = 202) was high in all of the DERS subscales. Individuals in Class 2 had a significantly higher frequency of compensatory behaviours in the past month (F(1,313) = 12.97, p < 0.001), and significantly higher restraint scores (F(1,313) = 17.86, p < 0.001). The classes also significantly differed in terms of eating concern (F(1,313) = 20.89, p < 0.001) and shape concern (F(1,313) = 4.59, p = 0.03), with both being higher for Class 2.

Discussion

We found only two distinct classes of emotion dysregulation in B‐ED's such that individuals were simply high or low in emotion dysregulation. These results suggest that it may be more valuable for future research to evaluate emotion dysregulation as a cohesive whole rather than conceptualising the construct as having truly distinct subdomains.
Assessing ice sheet models against the landform record: The Likelihood of Accordant Lineations Analysis (LALA) tool
Authors: Archer R.E. , Ely J.C. , Heaton T.J. , Butcher F.E.G. , Hughes A.L.C. , Clark C.D.
Published: July 2023

Palaeo‐ice sheets leave behind a rich database regarding their past behaviour, recorded in the landscape in the form of glacial geomorphology. The most numerous landform created by these ice sheets are subglacial lineations, which generate snapshots of the direction of ice flow at fixed (yet typically unknown) points in time. Despite their relative density within the landform record, the information provided by subglacial lineations is currently underutilised in tests of numerical ice sheet models. To some extent, this is a consequence of ongoing debate regarding lineation formation, but predominantly, it reflects the lack of rigorous model‐data comparison techniques that would enable lineation information to be properly integrated. Here, we present the Likelihood of Accordant Lineations Analysis (LALA) tool. LALA provides a statistically rigorous measure of the log‐likelihood of a supplied ice sheet simulation through comparison of simulation output with both the location and direction of observed lineations. Given an ensemble of ice sheet simulations, LALA provides a formal, and statistically underpinned, quantitative assessment of each simulation's quality‐of‐fit to mapped lineations. This enables a comparison of each simulation's relative plausibility, including identification of the most likely ice sheet simulations amongst the ensemble. This is achieved by modelling lineation formation as a marked Poisson point process and comparison of observed to modelled flow directions using the von Mises distribution. LALA is flexible—users can adapt parameters to account for differing assumptions regarding lineation formation, and for variations in the level of precision required for differing model‐data comparison experiments. We provide guidelines and rationale for assigning parameter values, including an assessment of the variability between users when mapping lineations. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of LALA through application to an ensemble of simulations of the last British‐Irish Ice Sheet. This comparison highlights the benefits of LALA over previous tools and demonstrates some of the considerations of experimental design required when identifying the fit between ice sheet model simulations and the landform record.
The improvement of wavefront cellular learning automata for task scheduling in fog computing
Authors: Jassbi Sommayeh Jafarali , Teymori Sahar
Published: July 2023

The rapid advancement of the “Internet of Things” (IoT) devices has led to the emergence of different types of IoT applications that need immediate response and low delay to operate. The emergence of fog computing has provided a proper platform to process fast‐emerging IoT applications. Nevertheless, to name the disadvantages of fog computing devices, it can be said that they are typically distributed, dynamic, and resource‐limited. Therefore, it seems a substantial challenge to schedule fog computational resources effectively to perform heterogeneous and delay‐sensitive IoT tasks. The problem of scheduling tasks aimed at minimizing the energy consumption of fog nodes is formulated in this article, while meeting the requirements of the quality of service (QoS) of IoT tasks, including response time. Minimizing the deadline time and balancing the network load are also considered in the mathematical model. In the next stage, a new algorithm is introduced based on a wavefront cellular learning automata (WCLA) called the wavefront cellular learning automata improved by genetic algorithm (WCLA + GA). WCLA + GA is indeed a modified version of WCLA that has been improved using the genetic algorithm. In this version, the WCLA reinforcement signal is regulated by a genetic algorithm that accelerates the automata convergence rate. WCLA + GA is then utilized to schedule fog tasks. Simulating the proposed method followed by comparing it with other methods demonstrates that WCLA + GA performs task scheduling significantly better in terms of response time, energy consumption, and percentage of tasks that meet their deadline.
Calibration and assessment of evapotranspiration methods for cucumber plants in a Venlo‐type greenhouse
Authors: Yan Haofang , Zhao Shuang , Zhang Chuan , Zhang Jianyun , Wang Guoqing , Li Mi , Deng Shuaishuai , Liang Shaowei , Jiang Jianhui
Published: July 2023

Accurate estimation of actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc) is a necessary step in water resource management. Several ETc models have been developed and applied to estimate ETc in open fields. To date, there is no standard equation to estimate ETc under greenhouse conditions due to the structural and environmental differences between greenhouses and open fields. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in a Venlo‐type greenhouse in south‐east China during four planting seasons of cucumber plants in 2018 and 2019. Four methods, the pan evaporation method (Kp‐method), crop coefficient model (Kc‐method), Penman–Monteith model (rc‐method) and Priestley–Taylor model (αPT‐method), were employed and parameterized to estimate the ETc of cucumber in the Venlo‐type greenhouse. The performances of the four models were evaluated using ETc measured by lysimeters. The Kp‐method and αPT‐method underestimated and overestimated ETc values with root mean square errors (RMSEs) equal to 0.79 and 0.49 mm day−1 for the spring‐summer planting season (SSPS) and 0.35 and 0.51 mm day−1 for the autumn‐winter planting season (AWPS), respectively. The Kc‐method and rc‐method showed comparatively good performances in estimating cucumber ETc, with RMSEs equal to 0.53 and 0.34 mm day−1 for SSPS and 0.35 and 0.47 mm day−1 for AWPS, respectively.
A comparison of TAGteach and video self‐evaluation to improve dance movement accuracy
Authors: Goben Eliza J. , Ferguson Rachael , Wilder David A.
Published: July 2023

Previous behavior‐analytic research to improve dance performance has separately demonstrated the efficacy of TAGteach and self‐evaluative video feedback. However, no research has directly compared these two interventions. In this study, we used an adapted alternating‐treatment design to examine the effects of TAGteach versus self‐evaluative video feedback to improve the accuracy of dance movements among four beginner‐level dance students. All participants performed better on movements that were taught using TAGteach compared with those that were taught using video self‐evaluation. However, conclusions about the superiority of TAGteach should be tempered until further research on this topic is conducted.
Therapeutic strategy for Fabry disease by intravenous administration of adeno‐associated virus 2 or 9 in α‐galactosidase A‐deficient mice
Authors: Hayashi Yuka , Sehara Yoshihide , Watano Ryota , Ohba Kenji , Takayanagi Yuki , Muramatsu Kazuhiro , Sakiyama Yoshio , Mizukami Hiroaki
Published: July 2023

Background

Fabry disease (FD) is an inherited lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of α‐galactosidase A (α‐Gal A) encoded by the GLA gene. The symptoms of FD occur as a result of the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), comprising a substrate of α‐Gal A, in the organs. Adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated gene therapy is a promising treatment for FD.

Methods

α‐Gal A knockout (GLAko) mice were injected intravenously with AAV2 (1 × 1011 viral genomes [vg]) or AAV9 (1 × 1011 or 2 × 1012 vg) vectors carrying human GLA (AAV‐hGLA), and plasma, brain, heart, liver and kidney were tested for α‐Gal A activity. The vector genome copy numbers (VGCNs) and Gb3 content in each organ were also examined.

Results

The plasma α‐Gal A enzymatic activity was three‐fold higher in the AAV9 2 × 1012 vg group than wild‐type (WT) controls, which was maintained for up to 8 weeks after injection. In the AAV9 2 × 1012 vg group, the level of α‐Gal A expression was high in the heart and liver, intermediate in the kidney, and low in the brain. VGCNs in the all organs of the AAV9 2 × 1012 vg group significantly increased compared to the phosphate‐buffered‐saline (PBS) group. Although Gb3 in the heart, liver and kidney of the AAV9 2 × 1012 vg was reduced compared to PBS group and AAV2 group, and the amount of Gb3 in the brain was not reduced.

Conclusions

Systemic injection of AAV9‐hGLA resulted in α‐Gal A expression and Gb3 reduction in the organs of GLAko mice. To expect a higher expression of α‐Gal A in the brain, the injection dosage, administration route and the timing of injection should be reconsidered.
Recent progress of microfluidic sample preparation techniques
Authors: Xia Ling , Li Gongke
Published: July 2023

Sample preparation turns out to be one of the important procedures in complex sample analysis by affecting the accuracy, selectivity, and sensitivity of analytical results. However, the majority of the conventional sample preparation techniques still suffer from time‐consuming and labor‐intensive operations. These shortcomings can be addressed by reforming the sample preparation process in a microfluidic manner. Inheriting the advantages of rapid, high efficiency, low consumption, and easy integration, microfluidic sample preparation techniques receive increasing attention, including microfluidic phases separation, microfluidic field‐assisted extraction, microfluidic membrane separation, and microfluidic chemical conversion. This review overviews the progress of microfluidic sample preparation techniques in the last 3 years based on more than 100 references, we highlight the implementation of typical sample preparation methods in the formats of microfluidics. Furthermore, the challenges and outlooks of the application of microfluidic sample preparation techniques are discussed.
Article processing charges for open access journal publishing: A review
Authors: Borrego Ángel
Published: July 2023

Some open access (OA) publishers charge authors fees to make their articles freely available online. This paper reviews literature on article processing charges (APCs) that has been published since 2000. Despite praise for diamond OA journals, which charge no fees, most OA articles are published by commercial publishers that charge APCs. Publishers fix APCs depending on the reputation assigned to journals by peers. Evidence shows a relationship between high impact metrics and higher, faster rising APCs. Authors express reluctance about APCs, although this varies by discipline depending on previous experience of paying publication fees and the availability of research grants to cover them. Authors rely on a mix of research grants, library funds and personal assets to pay the charges. Two major concerns have been raised in relation to APCs: the inability of poorly funded authors to publish research and their impact on journal quality. Waivers have not solved the first issue. Research shows little extension of waiver use, unintended side effects on co‐author networks and concerns regarding criteria to qualify for them. Bibliometric studies concur that journals that charge APCs have a similar citation impact to journals that rely on other income sources.
Significant shifts in inorganic carbon and ecosystem state in a temperate estuary (1985–2018)
Authors: Rewrie Louise C. V. , Voynova Yoana G. , van Beusekom Justus E. E. , Sanders Tina , Körtzinger Arne , Brix Holger , Ollesch Gregor , Baschek Burkard
Published: July 2023

Estuaries regulate carbon cycling along the land‐ocean continuum and thus influence carbon export to the ocean, and global carbon budgets. The Elbe Estuary in Germany has been altered by large anthropogenic perturbations, such as widespread heavy metal pollution, minimally treated wastewater before the 1980s, establishment of wastewater treatment plants after the 1990s, and an overall nutrient and pollutant load reduction in the last three decades. Based on an extensive evaluation of key ecosystem variables, and an analysis of the available inorganic and organic carbon records, this study has identified three ecosystem states in recent history: the polluted (1985–1990), transitional (1991–1996), and recovery (1997–2018) states. The polluted state was characterized by very high dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and ammonium concentrations, toxic heavy metal levels, dissolved oxygen undersaturation, and low pH. During the transitional state, heavy metal pollution decreased by > 50%, and primary production re‐established in spring to summer, with weak seasonality in DIC. Since 1997, during the recovery state, DIC seasonality was driven by primary production, and DIC significantly increased by 11 μmol L−1 yr−1, and > 23 μmol L−1 yr−1 in the recent decade (2008–2018), in the mid to lower estuary, indicating that, along with the improvement in water quality the ecosystem state is still changing. Large anthropogenic perturbations can therefore alter estuarine ecosystems (on the order of decades), as well as induce large and complex biogeochemical shifts and significant changes to carbon cycling.
A Facile and Green Microwave‐Assisted Strategy to Induce Surface Properties on Complex‐Shape Polymeric 3D Printed Structures
Authors: Gonzalez Gustavo , Arévalo María , Chiappone Annalisa , Martínez Campos Enrique , Pirri Candido Fabrizio , Roppolo Ignazio , Bosch Paula
Published: July 2023

Light‐ induced polymeric 3D printing is becoming a well‐established fabrication method, showing manifold advantages such as control of the local chemistry of the manufactured devices. It can be considered a green technology, since the parts are produced when needed and with minimum amount of materials. In this work 3D printing is combined with another green technology, microwave‐assisted reaction, to fabricate objects of complex geometry with controllable surface properties, exploiting the presence of remaining functional groups on the surface of 3D printed specimens. In this context, surface functionalization with different amines is studied, optimizing formulations, reaction times, and avoiding surface deterioration. Then, two different applications are investigated. MW‐functionalized filter‐type structures have been tested against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, showing high bactericidal activity on the surface along all areas of the complex‐shaped structure. Second, a fluidic chip composed of three separated channels is 3D printed, filled with different amine‐reactive dyes (dansyl and eosine derivatives), and made to react simultaneously. Complete and independent functionalization of the surface of the three channels is achieved only after 2 min of irradiation. This study demonstrates that light induced 3D printing and microwave‐induced chemistry can be used together effectively, and used to produce functional devices.
Double pulsed field gradient diffusion MRI to assess skeletal muscle microstructure
Authors: Berry D. B. , Galinsky V. L. , Hutchinson E. B. , Galons J. P. , Ward S. R. , Frank L. R.
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Preliminary study to determine whether double pulsed field gradient (PFG) diffusion MRI is sensitive to key features of muscle microstructure related to function.

Methods

The restricted diffusion profile of molecules in models of muscle microstructure derived from histology were systematically simulated using a numerical simulation approach. Diffusion tensor subspace imaging analysis of the diffusion signal was performed, and spherical anisotropy (SA) was calculated for each model. Linear regression was used to determine the predictive capacity of SA on the fiber area, fiber diameter, and surface area to volume ratio of the models. Additionally, a rat model of muscle hypertrophy was scanned using a single PFG and a double PFG pulse sequence, and the restricted diffusion measurements were compared with histological measurements of microstructure.

Results

Excellent agreement between SA and muscle fiber area (r2 = 0.71; p < 0.0001), fiber diameter (r2 = 0.83; p < 0.0001), and surface area to volume ratio (r2 = 0.97; p < 0.0001) in simulated models was found. In a scanned rat leg, the distribution of these microstructural features measured from histology was broad and demonstrated that there is a wide variance in the microstructural features observed, similar to the SA distributions. However, the distribution of fractional anisotropy measurements in the same tissue was narrow.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that SA—a scalar value from diffusion tensor subspace imaging analysis—is highly sensitive to muscle microstructural features predictive of function. Furthermore, these techniques and analysis tools can be translated to real experiments in skeletal muscle. The increased dynamic range of SA compared with fractional anisotropy in the same tissue suggests increased sensitivity to detecting changes in tissue microstructure.
Free‐breathing high isotropic resolution quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of liver using 3D multi‐echo UTE cones acquisition and respiratory motion‐resolved image reconstruction
Authors: Kang MungSoo , Behr Gerald G. , Jafari Ramin , Gambarin Maya , Otazo Ricardo , Kee Youngwook
Published: July 2023

Purpose

To enable free‐breathing and high isotropic resolution liver quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) using 3D multi‐echo UTE cones acquisition and respiratory motion‐resolved image reconstruction.

Methods

Using 3D multi‐echo UTE cones MRI, a respiratory motion was estimated from the k‐space center of the imaging data. After sorting the k‐space data with estimated motion, respiratory motion state‐resolved reconstruction was performed for multi‐echo data followed by nonlinear least‐squares fitting for proton density fat fraction (PDFF), , and fat‐corrected B0 field maps. PDFF and B0 field maps were subsequently used for QSM reconstruction. The proposed method was compared with motion‐averaged (gridding) reconstruction and conventional 3D multi‐echo Cartesian MRI in moving gadolinium phantom and in vivo studies. Region of interest (ROI)‐based linear regression analysis was performed on these methods to investigate correlations between gadolinium concentration and QSM in the phantom study and between and QSM in in vivo study.

Results

Cones with motion‐resolved reconstruction showed sharper image quality compared to motion‐averaged reconstruction with a substantial reduction of motion artifacts in both moving phantom and in vivo studies. For ROI‐based linear regression analysis of the phantom study, susceptibility values from cones with motion‐resolved reconstruction ( = 0.31  0.05,  = 0.999) and Cartesian without motion ( = 0.32 0.04,  = 1.000) showed linear relationships with gadolinium concentrations and showed good agreement with each other. For in vivo, motion‐resolved reconstruction showed higher goodness of fit ( = 0.00261  0.524,  = 0.977) compared to motion‐averaged reconstruction ( = 0.0021  0.572, = 0.723) in ROI‐based linear regression analysis between and QSM.

Conclusion

Feasibility of free‐breathing liver QSM was demonstrated with motion‐resolved 3D multi‐echo UTE cones MRI, achieving high isotropic resolution currently unachievable in conventional Cartesian MRI.
Volumetric measurements of weak current–induced magnetic fields in the human brain at high resolution
Authors: Göksu Cihan , Gregersen Fróði , Scheffler Klaus , Eroğlu Hasan H. , Heule Rahel , Siebner Hartwig R. , Hanson Lars G. , Thielscher Axel
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Clinical use of transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) requires accurate knowledge of the injected current distribution in the brain. MR current density imaging (MRCDI) uses measurements of the TES‐induced magnetic fields to provide this information. However, sufficient sensitivity and image quality in humans in vivo has only been documented for single‐slice imaging.

Methods

A recently developed, optimally spoiled, acquisition‐weighted, gradient echo–based 2D‐MRCDI method has now been advanced for volume coverage with densely or sparsely distributed slices: The 3D rectilinear sampling (3D‐DENSE) and simultaneous multislice acquisition (SMS‐SPARSE) were optimized and verified by cable‐loop experiments and tested with 1‐mA TES experiments for two common electrode montages.

Results

Comparisons between the volumetric methods against the 2D‐MRCDI showed that relatively long acquisition times of 3D‐DENSE using a single slab with six slices hindered the expected sensitivity improvement in the current‐induced field measurements but improved sensitivity by 61% in the Laplacian of the field, on which some MRCDI reconstruction methods rely. Also, SMS‐SPARSE acquisition of three slices, with a factor 2 CAIPIRINHA (controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration) acceleration, performed best against the 2D‐MRCDI with sensitivity improvements for the and Laplacian noise floors of 56% and 78% (baseline without current flow) as well as 43% and 55% (current injection into head). SMS‐SPARSE reached a sensitivity of 67 pT for three distant slices at 2 × 2 × 3 mm3 resolution in 10 min of total scan time, and consistently improved image quality.

Conclusion

Volumetric MRCDI measurements with high sensitivity and image quality are well suited to characterize the TES field distribution in the human brain.