bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ReCAP: Gaps in Insurance Coverage for Pediatric Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Smits-Seemann Rochelle R. , Kaul Sapna , Hersh Aimee O. , Fluchel Mark N. , Boucher Kenneth M. , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Smits-Seemann Rochelle R. , Kaul Sapna , Hersh Aimee O. , Fluchel Mark N. , Boucher Kenneth M. , Kirchhoff Anne C.
Published: February 2016

QUESTION ASKED:

We sought to determine the likelihood that pediatric and adolescent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients experience a gap in health insurance coverage in the first 2 years of therapy.

SUMMARY ANSWER:

We found that 12% of patients with ALL in our sample who had insurance at diagnosis experienced a gap in insurance coverage during the first 2 years of therapy; that is, they had one or more clinic encounter at which they did not have insurance. Patients with public insurance at diagnosis were more likely to experience an insurance gap than those with private insurance at diagnosis, and those diagnosed in more recent years were less likely to experience a gap.

METHODS/APPROACH:

We determined insurance status at all clinic encounters at a tertiary children’s hospital within 2 years of diagnosis for patients diagnosed with ALL between 1998 and 2010, and calculated the odds of a gap occurring on the basis of demographic and diagnostic variables.

BIAS, CONFOUNDING FACTOR(S), DRAWBACKS:

Our assessment is from years before the roll-out of key Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act provisions, which should improve insurance coverage for pediatric and adolescent patients with ALL. In addition, we lacked information on patient or caregiver socioeconomic status, which may be important for explaining insurance gaps. Finally, our assessment is based on a single institution.

REAL-LIFE IMPLICATIONS:

Gaps in health insurance may exacerbate the financial and emotional burden associated with pediatric and adolescent cancer. Understanding the likelihood that these gaps will occur, as well as predictors of insurance gaps, will allow social workers and other providers to help families manage anticipated changes in insurance, with the goal of reducing unnecessary burden. [Figure: see text]
“The Justice of a Rule That Forbids the Men Smoking on Their Jobs”: Workers, Managers, and Cigarettes in World War II America
Authors: Wood Gregory
Published: February 2016

This article examines struggles over smoking privileges on industrial shop floors during World War II. I argue that workers' wartime demands for an end to employer smoking prohibitions contributed significantly to several noteworthy strikes in automobile factories and defense plants. Workers' pursuit of their smoking habit led them to push back some of the constraints of assembly line work discipline and employer rule making that defined mass-production industry during the early to mid-twentieth century, ultimately creating spaces of autonomy and rest within the rigidity and monotony of their work. As workers smoked on the job and struck to defend their habit, union officials found themselves working on behalf of their members to prevent employers from laying off or firing workers for violating companies' smoking bans. Struggles over smoking at work would play an important (but overlooked) role in the growth of organized labor during the 1940s.
The Chronology of the Opus Sectile Pavement in the Mega Spelaion Monastery Katholikon
Authors: PINATSI Christina
Published: February 2016

Το παρόν άρθρο επανεξετάζει το μαρμαροθετημένο δάπεδο του καθολικού της μονής Μεγάλου Σπηλαίου, από την άποψη της γενικής του διάταξης, του ύφους αλλά και των επιμέρους τεχνοτροπικών χαρακτηριστικών και μορφών που παρουσιάζει, καταλήγοντας στο συμπέρασμα ότι πρόκειται για μεταβυζαντινό έργο, όπως δηλαδή και η ανωδομή του ναού.
Τo άγνωστο υστεροβυζαντινό στρώμα τοιχογράφησης του ναού της Παναγίας στο Ροεινό Αρκαδίας. Νέα στοιχεία για ένα τοπικό εργαστήριο ζωγράφων
Authors: ΔΗΛΕ Νάνσυ
Published: February 2016

Στο παρόν άρθρο εξετάζεται το άγνωστο παλαιότερο στρώμα τοιχογράφησης του ναού της Παναγίας Ροεινού, το οποίο καταλαμβάνει το χώρο του ιερού βήματος, καθώς και το ανατολικό τμήμα του κυρίως ναού (πλην του κτιστού τέμπλου). Προτείνεται νέα χρονολόγηση, στο δεύτερο μισό, ίσως προς το τελευταίο τέταρτο, του 14ου αιώνα και επιχειρείται η απόδοσή του στο εργαστήριο των ζωγράφων που εργάστηκαν στους ναούς Αγίου Γεωργίου και Αγίων Αποστόλων Λογκανίκου. Στον κύκλο του προσγράφεται και ο διάκοσμος δύο ακόμη ναών της ευρύτερης περιοχής του Ροεινού και του Λογκανίκου. Βάσει της επιστολογραφίας του Μανουήλ Ραούλ, γραμματικού του δεσπότη του Μυστρά Μανουήλ Καντακουζηνού, εκφράζεται η υπόθεση ότι η Ταβία, πιθανολογούμενο καλλιτεχνικό κέντρο της εποχής, υπήρξε ο τόπος καλλιτεχνικής διαμόρφωσης των ζωγράφων του εργαστηρίου αυτού.
Βυζαντινές εικόνες στο ναό της Κοιμήσεως της Θεοτόκου στα Ιωάννινα
Authors: ΤΣΙΓΑΡΙΔΑΣ Ε. Ν.
Published: February 2016

Στο ναό της Κοιμήσεως της Θεοτόκου (Αρχιμανδρειό) στην πόλη των Ιωαννίνων σώζεται ένα ενδιαφέρον σύνολο βυζαντινών και κυρίως μεταβυζαντινών εικόνων. Από το σύνολο αυτό δημοσιεύουμε στο άρθρο αυτό τρεις εικόνες: την Παναγία Οδηγήτρια (1160-1180), την Παναγία ολόσωμη Βρεφοκρατούσα (τελευταίο τέταρτο 14ου αιώνα) και τους Τρεις Παίδες, Ανανία, Αζαρία και Μισαήλ (τέλη 14ου-αρχές 15ου αιώνα). Οι εικόνες αυτές συνιστούν ένα μοναδικό σύνολο βυζαντινών εικόνων, από τις ελάχιστες σωζόμενες στην Ήπειρο.
Zur Motivgeschichte des s-Mahles auf sarkophagen, katakomben und byzantinischen Handschriften
Authors: PANELI Elisabeth
Published: February 2016

Οι παραστάσεις συνδαιτυμόνων γύρω από τράπεζα σχήματος S γνώρισαν ιδιαίτερη διάδοση στη ρωμαϊκή τέχνη κυρίως σε σαρκοφάγους με σκηνές κυνηγιού. Το εικονογραφικό αυτό μοτίβο πέρασε χωρίς ουσιαστικές αλλαγές σε παλαιοχριστιανικές παραστάσεις γεύματος σε σαρκοφάγους αλλά και σε τοιχογραφίες σε ρωμαϊκές κατακόμβες. Στις κατακόμβες παρατηρούνται ωστόσο κάποιες διαφοροποιήσεις ως προς το φύλο και τον αριθμό των εικονιζόμενων μορφών. Πιθανή πηγή έμπνευσης αποτέλεσαν πλέον τα δείπνα που λάμβαναν χώρα μέσα στις κατακόμβες, τα νεκρόδειπνα. Επίσης, το εικονογραφικό αυτό θέμα απαντά- ται και σε άλλα είδη τέχνης, ψηφιδωτά του 6ου αιώνα και ασημένια αγγεία. Λίγες είναι τέλος οι παραστάσεις Μυστικού Δείπνου σε βυζαντινά χειρόγραφα και τοιχογραφίες, στις οποίες εικονίζεται τράπεζα παρόμοιου σχήματος.
The ultrasound predictors of the progression x-ray negative osteoarthritis to the x-ray positive stage i
Authors: Титова  , Titova L. , Вальков  , Valkov M. , Якоби  , Yakobi A. , Юницына  , Yunitsyna A. , Макарова  , Makarova M. , Гржибовский  , Grzhibovskiy A.
Published: February 2016

The purpose of the study is to estimate of probable predictors for the probable predictors of

knee joint osteoarthritis progression in X-ray negative stage based on ultrasound examination.

The sixty five patients with X-ray negative gonarthritis were selected into the study. Both X-ray and ultrasound

examinations were performed for each of the patients (before the study and since one year). The authors

determined degeneration of the medial meniscus and articular surfaces roughness had the most degree of sensitivity

(91%), and cartilage thickness of medial joint parts (86%). The degenerative changes of the posterior cruciate

ligament had the lowest sensitivity (42%), and degeneration in the lateral meniscus (47%). During the regression

analysis only two quality indicator such as cartilage thickness of the medial parts, and articular surfaces

brought significant contribution to the risk prediction of the osteoarthritis progression (odds ratio=22.7 and 71.4;

p=0.018 and 0.002, respectively). The degeneration in the anterior cruciate ligament was not significant for the

model (odds ratio= 26,3; p=0.05).
Management of pregnant women with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia
Authors: Павлов  , Pavlov O. , Лукина  , Lukina T. , Козина  , Kozina E
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop complex diagnostic and corrective measures during

pregnancy in women with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia.

Material and Subjects: the research object was 380 women who were treated in Tula regional perinatal

centre and Maternity hospital №1 of Tula with signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia during 2008-

2010 yy., and as a comparison group 45 women in the absence of signs of dysplasia in the same time period. To

assess the magnesium therapy effectiveness, the women of experimental group were divided into two subgroups

(190+190) depending on the use/non-use of the preparation of magnesium with early pregnancy term.

Results: undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia during pregnancy is clinically manifested by neurocirculatory

dystonia, vascular disorders and hemorrhagic syndrome, as well as a high frequency of placenta insufficiency,

threatened abortion in 1-3 trimesters, isthmic-cervical insufficiency, early toxicosis and anemia of

pregnant. The etiological-pathogenetical treatment was resulted in to the improvement of pregnant women

health, reduction of the frequency of different complaints and decreased of average weight of these pregnancy

complications. Normalization of parameters of oxyproline and magnesium in the blood of pregnant women in

12-22-34 weeks of pregnancy due to magnesium therapy was laboratory confirmed.

Conclusion: undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia during pregnancy contributes to the development

of certain pathological conditions of various systems of the body and it can be effectively corrected by magnesium drugs (Magne-B6) under the control of oxyproline and magnesium in the blood of pregnant women. Magnesium

therapy ensures the accessibility, quality and efficiency of health prevention activities to women with

undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia that has a significant impact on the effectiveness of antenatal preparation

and enhances the quality of life of pregnant women.
Increased pressure of nitrogen-oxygen mixture and the temperature in animals
Authors: Вётош  , Vetosh A. , Лучаков  , Luchakov Yu. , Несмеянов  , Nesmeyanov A.
Published: February 2016

The work is devoted to the study of thermoregulation of rats under high pressure in the respiratory-

gas medium, both experimentally and in mathematical models. Experiments conducted on rats in a hyperbaric

chamber, where the pressure of the gas medium was raised to 4,1 MPa. The pressure increase in the hyperbaric

chamber up to 2,1 MPa leds to augmentation of oxygen consumption by 1.7 times and at a pressure of 4.1

MPa – to oxygen consumption by 2,3 times. Thermo-neutral zone in animals, on the contrary, is progressively

decreased with increasing pressure in the hyperbaric chamber. Using a mathematical model, it has been shown

that the augmentation of pressure in the hyperbaric chamber to 2,1 MPa leads to increase the heat transfer in 1,9

times. The augmentation of pressure in the hyperbaric chamber to 4,1 MPa increases the heat transfer from the

organism body in the medium in 2,6 times.
Some relevant staffing issues during structural changes in the outpatient consulting department of a urban hospital
Authors: Кутырев  , Kutyrev E.
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this article was the analysis of some personnel problems during the period of

structural changes in the outpatient consulting department of a large urban hospital. For the analysis of the statistical

indicators, the followings methods were used: historical, sociological, statistical, mathematical, regulatory,

timing method. The results show that the structural changes in the outpatient consulting department will inevitably

lead to increased staff turnover, to reduce the indicators in staffing levels. This can reduce the quality and

availability of medical care. Large medical institution is able to rapidly adapt to some transformations due to the

greater amount of resources and opportunities.

Conclusion. To improve the quality and accessibility of medical care in conditions of financing deficiency,

an organization of specialized outpatient care is more appropriate in the outpatient consulting department,

which is part of a multiprofile hospital.
The use of non-drug methods in treatment of acne vulgaris in experiment
Authors: Божко  , Bozhko S. , Шерина  , Sherina T.
Published: February 2016

The research included 26 women with acne vulgaris. The purpose of this work was the study of the impact of non-drug methods of correction of vulgaris acne caused by stress disorders. The mental state of patients was determined by traditional clinical method using standard psychometric tests. The assessment was made before treatment, on day 14, 21 and 35 day of therapy. Dermatological control of patients was conducted at the beginning and at the end of treatment. The non-drug methods were psychotherapy, phytotherapy and reflexotherapy (acupuncture). The positive effect was confirmed by the dynamic parameters used in study of standard scales and test with severity decrease in scores (р>0,05). The study proved high efficiency of complex application of combinations of non-drug methods in the treatment of disorders related to stress and impaired adaptation with concomitant acne. The use of combined treatment gave the opportunity to focus on one method, including in the combination, depending on the individual characteristics of patient. The good tolerability, absence out-side effects and availability allow to recommend this medical complex both hospital and outpatient settings.
Effective treatment of obesity in women of reproductive age
Authors: Мирсаева  , Mirsaeva G. , Камаева  , Kamaeva E. , Андрианова  , Andrianova O. , Ибрагимова  , Ibragimova L.
Published: February 2016

The study included 82 women aged from 18 to 49 years old (mean age 29,7±5,7 years). A clinical examination, the study of body composition by bioimpedance measuring, questioning were carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using the program Microsoft Exel, "Statistica 7,0". Analysis of the diet revealed the excess of the daily energy value of food intake over energy requirements of 650±250 kcal/day in the group of persons with obesity in comparison with healthy. Disorders of balanced daily diet were noted. To improve motivation and compliance in the "School of overweight correction" the patients with obesity and healthy were trained in groups and individually. After training, the authors observed favorable trends in nutrition of patients, reducing the fat consumption in 7,2±0,8 g/day and refined carbohydrates to 8,2±0,5 g/day. In the treatment the authors used the drug The Reduxine (sibutramine in combination with microcrystalline cellulose) at a dose of 10 mg. The Observation lasted 24 weeks. Caloric value of daily ration decreased by 20-28% from initial, average weight loss was 8,9±1,6 kg, waist circumference decrease was 11,4±1,8 cm. Patients with risk of diabetes took the Sibutramine + microcrystalline cellulose (the Reduxine) at a dose of 10 mg and the Metformin at a dose of 500 mg. There is increase dose weekly by 500 mg to dose of 1500 mg. Energy intake decreased by 28 ± 7% of the original (p <0,05) on combination therapy. As a result of the combined therapy the Reduxine at a dose of 10 mg and the Metformin at a dose of 1500 mg, the authors revealed a decrease in body weight - 9,7 ± 1,5 kg (p<0,05), waist circumference - 11,4±1,8 cm (p<0.05). The therapy by the Reduxine at a dose of 10 mg for 6 months and combined therapy with the Reduxine 10 mg and the Metformin 1500 mg led to the control of feeding behavior, improvement in metabolic parameters, target weight loss. This therapy is effective and safety.
Biophysical models of pathological and postural tremor
Authors: Полухин  , Polukhin V. , Берестин  , Berestin D. , Филатова  , Filatova D. , Глазова  , Glazova O.
Published: February 2016

Real chaotic and stochastic analysis of the two movements (tremor was considered as involuntary

movements and tapping - arbitrary) shows them as chaotic movements (involuntary on the results of the test,

not by the presence of the target). The authors introduce new criteria for separating these two types of motion in

the form of matrices of pairwise comparisons of samples tremorograms and tappingrams. Identifying differences

between the concrete (obtained continuously, during the sequential measurement) that are compared in pairs in

one subject groups was performed using the Wilcoxon test. The increase in the number of "common" pairs of

samples of tappingrams compared to tremorograms demonstrates a partial increase of phase-matching due to the

afferentation and engaging mental activity. This indicates the beginning of a shift from the chaotic regime to

stochastic. The increase in common pairs of tapping may be possible due to the change in patterns of fluctuations.

The authors propose a new calculation of quasi-attractors of these two types of movements that allow the

identification of the differences in the physiological state of the subject. The concrete examples of the changes in

the parameters of the matrices of paired comparisons and quasi-attractors are demonstrated. The authors present

a method of analysis of autocorrelation functions when partitioning the interval (-1; 1) into four parts. Using the

analysis of the density autocorrelation functions and tremorograms and tappingrams shows a significant difference

between involuntary movements (tremor) and arbitrary movement (tapping).
System analysis of the psycho-physiological functions in students in the climatic conditions of the Ugra
Authors: Попов  , Popov Yu. , Полухин  , Polukhin V. , Филатов  , Filatov M. , Прасолова  , Prasolova A.
Published: February 2016

Currently, the influence of extreme conditions of KHMAO-Ugra on a growing body of students

has not been adequately studied. This problem may manifest itself in the near future not only in reducing

mental and physical performance, impaired health, reducing the efficiency of educational process, but in serious

abnormalities of the child´s body as a whole. In this study, the methods of system analysis were the examination

of memory and attention indicators in the students. This study was aimed at obtaining objective data on the state

of psycho-physiological functions of in the students at different ages in the influence of meteorological factors in

Ugra. According to the obtained data, it becomes possible to assess the dynamics of the efforts of a student in

mastering of knowledge in a given learning period as it matures. In this case it is possible to speak about the

optimal management of the educational process, individual approach to student. Thus, system analysis based on

new methods developed by the authors (using a computer) provides an estimate of the parameters of psychophysiological

indicators of students according to age and sex differences within compartmental-cluster analysis

of biological systems.
Psychosocial aspects of rehabilitation in patients with schizophrenia in psychiatric day hospital
Authors: Бойкова  , Boykova L. , Сапегина  , Sapegina E. , Серов  , Serov V. , Безверхова  , Bezverkhova T. , Собенина  , Sobenina E.
Published: February 2016

Mental disorders are a major public health problem in our country and the world from the perspective

of prevalence, burden of illness and disability. There is strong evidence of the effectiveness of treatment,

rehabilitation and care of patients with mental disorders and concomitant diseases. Modern biopsychosocial

model of psychiatric care to patients reflects the integration of medical, psychological and social aspects and

requires a multiprofessional approach. Psychosocial therapy and psychosocial rehabilitation in a greater number

of psychiatric institutions are an integral component of treatment and rehabilitation process. Pharmacotherapy,

added psychosocial therapy with the introduction of methods of psychotherapy allows to find the greatest fulness,

the integrity, the effectiveness of the treatment process. The article presents the experience of a psychiatric

day hospital GBIH "Regional K.K. Evgrafov Psychiatric Hospital” in Penza to conduct psychosocial and psychotherapeutic

rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia, describing new opportunities to work with patients

with this nosological group, the expansion of the boundaries of the professions of psychiatrist and clinical psychologist.
Time series analysis in forecasting pririrodno focal infections
Authors: Евстегнеева  , Evstegneeva V. , Честнова  , Chestnova Tatyana , Смольянинова  , Smolyaninova O.
Published: February 2016

Mathematical methods and models used in forecasting problems may relate to a wide variety of

topics: from the regression analysis, time series analysis, formulation and evaluation of expert opinions, simulation,

systems of simultaneous equations, discriminant analysis, logit and probit models, logical unit decision

functions, variance or covariance analysis, rank correlation and contingency tables, etc.

In the analysis of the phenomenon over a long timeperiod, for example, the incidence of long-term dynamics

with a forecast of further development of the process, you should use the time series, which is influenced

by the following factors:

• Emerging trends of the series (the trend in cumulative long-term effects of many factors on the dynamics

of the phenomenon under study - ascending or descending);

• forming a series of cyclical fluctuations related to the seasonality of the disease;

• random factors.

In our study, we conducted a study to identify cyclical time series of long-term dynamics of morbidity of

HFRS and autumn bank vole population. This study was performed using the autocorrelation coefficient.

As a result of time-series studies of incidence of HFRS, indicators autumn bank vole population revealed

no recurrence, and these figures are random variables, which is confirmed by three tests: nonrepeatability of time

series, the assessment increase and decrease time-series analysis of the sum of squares. This shows that a number of indicators of the time series are random variables, contains a strong non-linear trend, to identify which need

further analysis, for example by means of regression analysis.
Buildings’ Air Quality in High Traffic
Authors: Литвинова  , Litvinova Natalya
Published: February 2016

The article presents the results of field studies of air quality depending on mobile sources of pollution. Studies of

the carbon monoxide concentration was conducted for the climatic conditions of the South of Western Siberia. The

object of the study was residential buildings. The studies were conducted under unfavorable wind speed. Processing of

experimental data allowed to obtain the calculated dependences of dimensionless concentration of carbon monoxide

(II) on the height of building’s facade under emissions from highways. According to the results of research a nomogram

was constructed to determine the optimal air intake height of buildings located near roads of various traffic intensity.

Research results and given recommendations allow considering external sources of pollution when designing ventilation

of a building.
Ensuring Safety of Metal Structures
Authors: Черняев  , Chernyaev Aleksandr , Трефилов  , Trefilov V.
Published: February 2016

Presented paper demonstrates the assessment of the steel samples’ reliability using structure-energy theory of failure, which is

based on detection and investigation of internal defects in the sample. The main objective was to test this technique on samples

of structural steel, and to determine the nature of destruction depending on internal cracks, pores, lacks of fusion, etc. To achieve

this goal, the following tasks were assigned: studying structure-energy theory of failure; preparing test samples; conducting

tomographic analysis before physical impact and after destruction; calculating samples’ guaranteed time till fracture.
Federal Educational and Methodological Association "Technosphere Safety and Environmental Engineering": Structure, Organization of Work and Tasks
Authors: Девисилов  , Devisilov Vladimir
Published: February 2016

The article deals with the functions, the immediate tasks, the proposed structure, the organization of work of the recently formed

new educational and methodical association (EMA) in the system of higher education for the enlarged group of specialties and

areas 20.00.00 "Technosphere Safety and Environmental Engineering". The author briefly reviewed the history of formation and

development of the EMA, gave an assessment of their legal status, which showed that they can be attributed to the state and

public organizations, as they are specified in the Federal Law № 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation", introduced

by the order of the federal executive authority (Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation), acting on the basis

of developed standard statute specified by the Ministry, the standard statute of each EMA is approved by the Ministry, and its

chairman is appointed by order of the Ministry. EMA implements the state policy in the sphere of education. The article outlines

the key problems of the organization of activity of newly established EMA, the main of which consist in lack of financial and

logistical support of their work. The question of the teaching materials’ examination for the courses and professions, within the

competence of the EMA is also considered. It is proposed a roadmap of EMA activities and the main activities of its business units.

The structure of the new exemplary basic educational program and exemplary discipline programs is proposed.
System of Basic Terms of Safety and Health at Work
Authors: Файнбург  , Faynburg Grigoriy
Published: February 2016

Scientific basics of creation of the modern internally coordinated system of terms and definitions for safety and health

at work are covered. Terms consider dual nature of work as material process of world transformation and social relation

concerning assignment of a product of work. The central concept of system is the concept of harm. All terms of system are

broken into five groups in compliance with logic of the organization of safety and health at work: the general concepts

of work and production, types of harm and threats of life and to health of the person occupied with work, the concepts

connected with working conditions, the concepts connected with activities for safety, the concepts connected with means of

protection. The described system of terms makes contents of the new interstate standard GOST 12.0.002-2014.
Multilevel Optimization Modeling for Risk-Averse Stochastic Programming
Authors: Eckstein Jonathan , Eskandani Deniz , Fan Jingnan
Published: February 2016

Coherent risk measures have become a popular tool for incorporating risk aversion into stochastic optimization models. For dynamic models in which uncertainty is resolved at more than one stage, however, using coherent risk measures within a standard single-level optimization framework becomes problematic. To avoid severe time-consistency difficulties, the current state of the art is to employ risk measures of a specific nested form, which unfortunately have some undesirable and somewhat counterintuitive modeling properties. This paper summarizes the potential drawbacks of nested-form risk measure issues and then presents an alternative multilevel optimization modeling approach that enforces a form of time consistency through constraints rather than by restricting the modeler’s choice of objective function. This technique leads to models that are time consistent even while using time-inconsistent risk measures and can easily be formulated to be law invariant with respect to the final wealth if so desired. We argue that this approach should be the starting point for all multistage optimization modeling. When used with time-consistent objective functions, we show its multilevel optimization constraints become redundant, and the associated models thus simplify to a more familiar single-objective form. Unfortunately, we also show that our proposed approach leads to 𝒩𝒫-hard models, even in the simplest imaginable setting in which it would be needed: three-stage linear problems on a finite probability space, using the standard average value-at-risk and first-order mean-semideviation risk measures. Finally, we show that for a simple but reasonably realistic test application, the kind of models we propose, although drawn from an 𝒩𝒫-hard family and certainly more time consuming to solve than those obtained from the nested-objective approach, are readily solvable to global optimality using a standard commercial mixed-integer linear programming solver. Therefore, there seems some promise of our proposed modeling approach being useful despite its computational complexity properties.
Quantitative Easing and Volatility Spillovers Across Countries and Asset Classes
Authors: Yang Zihui , Zhou Yinggang
Published: February 2016

We identify networks of volatility spillovers and examine time-varying spillover intensities with daily implied volatilities of U.S. Treasury bonds, global stock indices, and commodities. The U.S. stock market is the center of the international volatility spillover network, and its volatility spillover to other markets has intensified since 2008. Moreover, U.S. quantitative easing alone explains 40%–55% of intensifying spillover from the United States. The addition of interest rate and currency factors does not diminish the dominant role of quantitative easing. Our findings highlight the primary contribution of U.S. unconventional monetary policy to volatility spillovers and potential global systemic risk.

This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Introduction to the OR Forum Article: “An Algorithmic Approach to Linear Regression”
Authors: Pinker Edieal J.
Published: February 2016

Comment on “An Algorithmic Approach to Linear Regression” by Dimitris Bertsimas and Angela King.
Research Roundup
Authors: Cowan Helen
Published: February 2016

Helen Cowan presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected. A full reference is provided for those who wish to take a look at the research in further detail
Missing out on a vital step in recovery: cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Sneath Ben
Published: February 2016

The 2015 National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation from the British Heart Foundation has been released—with some disturbing results. Ben Sneath examines its findings here
Clinical overview: pressure wire
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: February 2016

This section presents a concise overview of the conditions, treatments and clinical procedures in the field of cardiovascular care. This ‘back-to-basics’ article aims to refresh nurses’ knowledge on correct theory and practice, as well as introduce students and junior nurses to aspects of practice
Facing the threat of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Timmins Nick
Published: February 2016

Nick Timmins, senior fellow at the Institute for Government and the King's Fund, discusses the current challenges for the pharmaceutical industry
Increased expression of inducible co-stimulator on CD4+ T-cells in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with failed hip arthroplasties
Authors: Revell P. A. , Matharu G. S. , Mittal S. , Pynsent P. B. , Buckley C. D. , Revell M. P.
Published: February 2016

Objectives

T-cells are considered to play an important role in the inflammatory response causing arthroplasty failure. The study objectives were to investigate the composition and distribution of CD4+ T-cell phenotypes in the peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) of patients undergoing revision surgery for failed metal-on-metal (MoM) and metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) hip arthroplasties, and in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty.

Methods

In this prospective case-control study, PB and SF were obtained from 22 patients (23 hips) undergoing revision of MoM (n = 14) and MoP (n = 9) hip arthroplasties, with eight controls provided from primary hip osteoarthritis cases awaiting arthroplasty. Lymphocyte subtypes in samples were analysed using flow cytometry.

Results

The percentages of CD4+ T-cell subtypes in PB were not different between groups. The CD4+ T-cells in the SF of MoM hips showed a completely different distribution of phenotypes compared with that found in the PB in the same patients, including significantly decreased CD4+ T-central memory cells (p < 0.05) and increased T-effector memory cells (p < 0.0001) in the SF. Inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) was the only co-stimulatory molecule with different expression on CD4+ CD28+ cells between groups. In PB, ICOS expression was increased in MoM (p < 0.001) and MoP (p < 0.05) cases compared with the controls. In SF, ICOS expression was increased in MoM hips compared with MoP hips (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Increased expression of ICOS on CD4+ T-cells in PB and SF of patients with failed arthroplasties suggests that these cells are activated and involved in generating immune responses. Variations in ICOS expression between MoM and MoP hips may indicate different modes of arthroplasty failure. Cite this article: Professor P. A. Revell. Increased expression of inducible co-stimulator on CD4+ T-cells in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with failed hip arthroplasties. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:52–60. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.52.2000574
Tropical peatland tree-species diversity altered by forest degradation
Authors: ASTIANI DWI
Published: February 2016

Astiani D. 2016. Tropical peatland tree-species diversity altered by forest degradation. Biodiversitas 17: 102-109. Indonesianexperienced relatively high deforestation and degradation. The forests degradation could bring the forests into a temporary or might bepermanent destruction not only in forest vegetation density and structure, but also in species composition. A study had been carried outto examined the impact of peatland forests degradation on their species diversity composition in Ketapang, West Kalimantan peatlandforest. Stratified random sampling was used to distinguished forest degradation class (low, intermediate and high degradation levels)Â 

based on the differences in spectra image and confirmed with field checking by measuring forest canopy opening to measure thedegradation levels. Six to twelve of a 20x100m plots were established to sample tree structure and composition distributed alongpeatland landscape. All trees species diameter >5cm was registered an species identified. Results indicated that tree diversity wassignificantly reduce due to forest degradation, in low, intermediate, and high degraded forest were 82, 72, and 48 consecutively. Forestdegradation is not only resulted more than 50% of important species loss in high degraded peatland forest but also reducing ~40% treeabundance. Ten species were found in high degraded forest, e.g., Calophylum inophyllum, Cyathocalyx biovulatus, Neoscortechiniakingii, and Eugenia cerina, were not present in low degraded one. The species composition and abundance shifting due to forestdegradation should be considered on peatland forest management to hinder permanent species loss.
College and Career Readiness: Course Taking Of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Secondary School Students
Authors: Nagle Katherine , Newman Lynn A. , Shaver Debra M. , Marschark Marc
Published: February 2016

R esearch shows that deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students frequently enter college and the workplace relatively unprepared for success in math, science, and reading. Based on data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study–2 (NLTS2), the present study focused on DHH students’ college and career readiness by investigating their opportunities in secondary school to acquire college and career skills. DHH students earned more credits overall than hearing peers; both groups earned a similar number of credits in academic courses. However, DHH students took more vocational and nonacademic courses and fewer courses in science, social science, and foreign languages. There was evidence that DHH students’ academic courses in math lacked the rigor of those taken by hearing peers, as DHH students earned more credits in basic math and fewer credits in midlevel math courses, and even fewer in advanced math courses, than hearing peers.
A Discourse of “Abnormality”: Exploring Discussions of People Living in Australia With Deafness or Hearing Loss
Authors: Ferndale Danielle , Munro Louise , Watson Bernadette
Published: February 2016

A dopting a social constructionist framework, the authors conducted a synthetic discourse analysis to explore how people living in Australia with deafness construct their experience of deafness. An online forum facilitated access and communication between the lead author and 24 widely dispersed and linguistically diverse forum contributors. The authors discuss the productive and restrictive effects of the emergent discourse of deafness as abnormal and the rhetorical strategies mobilized in people’s accounts: fitting in, acceptance as permission to be different , and the need to prove normality . Using these strategies was productive in that the forum respondents were enabled to reposition deafness as a positive, socially valued identity position. However, the need to manage deafness was reproduced as an individual concern, disallowing any exploration of how deafness could be reconstructed as socially valued. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the deafness as abnormal discourse.
Increasing Self-Regulation and Classroom Participation of a Child Who Is Deafblind
Authors: Nelson Catherine , Hyte Holly A. , Greenfield Robin
Published: February 2016

S elf-regulation has been identified as essential to school success. However, for a variety of reasons, its development may be compromised in children and youth who are deafblind. A single-case multiple-baseline study of a child who was deafblind examined the effects of three groups of evidence-based interventions on variables thought to be associated with self-regulation. The dependent variables were (a) frequency and duration of behaviors thought to indicate dysregulation, (b) active participation in school activities, and (c) time from onset of behaviors indicating dysregulation until achievement of a calm, regulated state. The interventions, which included provision of meaningful, enjoyable, and interactive activities, anticipatory strategies, and calming strategies, significantly influenced the dependent variables and are described in detail.
Single-Case Design Research: Building the Evidence-Base in the Field of Education of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students
Authors: Cannon Joanna E. , Guardino Caroline , Antia Shirin D. , Luckner John L.
Published: February 2016

T he field of education of deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students has a paucity of evidence-based practices (EBPs) to guide instruction. The authors discussed how the research methodology of single-case design (SCD) can be used to build EBPs through direct and systematic replication of studies. An overview of SCD research methods is presented, including an explanation of how internal and external validity issues are addressed, and why SCD is appropriate for intervention research with DHH children. The authors then examine the SCD research in the field according to quality indicators (QIs; at the individual level and as a body of evidence) to determine the existing evidence base. Finally, future replication areas are recommended to fill the gaps in SCD research with students who are DHH in order to add to the evidence base in the field.
Faculty as Contributors to Learning for Native American Students
Authors: Lundberg Carol A. , Lowe Shelly C.
Published: February 2016

With a national sample of 700 Native American students who took the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE), this study tested the ways faculty interaction and inclusion of diverse perspectives in the classroom contributed to learning for Native American students. Significant predictors of learning were quality academic advising, faculty interactions that were supportive, instructor feedback that enabled students to work hard to meet expectations, and coursework that emphasized analysis, application, and diverse perspectives.
Supportive College Environment for Meaning Searching and Meaning in Life Among American College Students
Authors: Shin Joo Yeon , Steger Michael F.
Published: February 2016

We examined whether American college students who perceive their college environment as supportive for their meaning searching report higher levels of meaning in life. We also examined whether students’ perception of college environmental support for meaning searching moderates the relation between the presence of and search for meaning. Students’ perception of college environmental support for meaning searching significantly predicted their presence of meaning in life above and beyond the variance accounted for by searching for meaning and life satisfaction. The relation between the presence of and search for meaning differed by the levels of students’ perception of college environmental support for meaning searching. For students with a lower sense of college environmental support for meaning searching, the presence of meaning decreased as searching for meaning increased. In contrast, for students with a higher sense of support, the presence of meaning increased as searching for meaning increased. The findings suggest that a supportive college environment for meaning searching may promote American college students’ sense of meaning by buffering the potential negative effect of searching for meaning.
The Role of Language in Interactions With Others on Campus for Rural Appalachian College Students
Authors: Dunstan Stephany Brett , Jaeger Audrey J.
Published: February 2016

Dialects of English spoken in rural, Southern Appalachia are heavily stigmatized in mainstream American culture, and speakers of Appalachian dialects are often subject to prejudice and stereotypes which can be detrimental in educational settings. We explored the experiences of rural, Southern Appalachian college students and the role speaking a stigmatized dialect has in their interactions with others on campus. Semistructured interviews were conducted with students from rural, Southern Appalachia attending a 4-year university in a Southern city, and sociolinguistic analysis of participants’ speech was performed to provide detailed linguistic description that helped explain the influence of language on these interactions. Findings suggest that interactions with peers and faculty are influenced by students’ dialect on several levels. The findings have implications for improving diversity and inclusion programming on campus as well as highlighting the importance of research that considers language as a differentiating student characteristic in higher education research and practice.
Nostra Aetate : A Personal Reflection
Authors: Fisher Eugene J.
Published: February 2016

This essay weaves together the personal experiences of the author’s life in Catholic-Jewish dialogue with a brief survey of relations on all levels between Jews and Christians. Acknowledging the efforts of Protestants as well as Catholics, it notes that the Jewish-Christian dialogue has been a major ecumenical effort in our time. Noting some of the problems and conflicts that have arisen in Catholic-Jewish relations, especially on the level of relations between the Holy See and the Jewish People, the author notes efforts made by both communities to resolve the difficulties and to establish teaching about each other that can be passed on to future generations, so that never again can the evil of Antisemitism hold sway among Christians.
Ecumenical Reflections on Moral Discernment
Authors: Crossin John W.
Published: February 2016

After reviewing the recent ARCUSA statement and two other recent ecumenical documents, the essay turns to Catholic moral teaching with emphasis on the 1993 encyclical, Veritatis splendor. The author notes a lacuna in the recent literature in the failure to examine systems of moral thinking. His agenda for the future would include a deeper exploration in Catholic moral theology of (a) the biblical witness, (b) the role of intention in moral decision-making, and (c) the guidance of the Holy Spirit in moral discernment.
The World Alliance for International Friendship through the Churches and Religious and Political Rapprochement between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia in the 1920’s and 1930’s
Authors: Rohtmets Priit , Radić Radmila
Published: February 2016

This essay addresses the role of an ecumenical organization, the World Alliance for International Friendship through the Churches, in the complicated process of religious and political rapprochement between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia in the 1920’s and 1930’s. It argues that the Bulgarian and Yugoslav National Committees of the World Alliance formed a diplomatic channel for tackling the problems between the two countries—namely, the question of Macedonia—but that their success was curtailed in the unsuccessful rapprochement process between the two countries.
Paulos Huang on Confucian-Christian Dialogue
Authors: Bresciani Umberto
Published: February 2016

This essay criticizes a book of ample theological research written by Chinese theologian Paulos Huang, who embraces certain Western assumptions about Confucian religion. Two of these assumptions are presented in detail and criticized, namely, the belief in a deterioration of Chinese culture through history from theism into atheism, and the view of the Confucian worldview as metaphysical monism.
Vatican II—The Catholic Revolution from Damnation to Dialogue!
Authors: Swidler Leonard
Published: February 2016

Like most, if not all, ancient religions, Catholic Christianity was sure that it alone had all the answers to the meaning of life (the different answers to that question—What is the meaning of life, and how to accomplish it?—is what produced the different religions). Although most Christian writers before Constantine adopted Christianity for the Roman Empire in the early fourth century argued in favor of religious freedom for all, after Constantine, they argued that the state had the obligation to defend religious truth, and the Christian Church had it: Extra ecclesiam nulla salus (“Outside of the Church there is no salvation”). This position largely lasted beyond the middle of the twentieth century. The Catholic Church’s Second Vatican Council (1962–65) dramatically reversed all that. The official Catholic position now is that one can fulfill the “meaning of life” extra ecclesiam , outside the Church.
“Commodified Antiques and Antiqued Commodities”: Barrett Kalter’s Century of the Mysteries
Authors: Blackwell Mark
Published: February 2016

A review of Barrett Kalter’s Modern Antiques: The Material Past in England, 1660–1780, a book examining the ways in which history was understood and the uses to which it was put by writers including John Dryden, Thomas Gray, and Horace Walpole, with special attention to the influence of object-oriented antiquarianism and consumer culture—which is to say, to the role played by the sorts of objects Kalter calls “modern antiques”—on period conceptions of history, modernity, and ephemerality.
“Snatched” into The Seasons : The Cognitive Roots of Loco-Descriptive Form
Authors: Oldfather Elizabeth
Published: February 2016

The essay presents a reading of the poem “The Seasons,” by James Thomson, that is informed by the cognitive neuroscience of mental travel. According to the author, Thomson’s poetic descriptions draw upon empiricist accounts of visual perception and imagination to explore the literary potential of imaginative self-projection, a fundamental aspect of human cognition. The article discusses the continued relevance of this eighteenth-century history for current psychological research on literary transportation
Paying Attention: Cognitive Psychology in Eighteenth-Century Poetry
Authors: Bailes Melissa
Published: February 2016

A review of Margaret Koehler’s Poetry of Attention in the Eighteenth Century