bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS LEVEL PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT UNTUK MENCEGAH TRANSMISI COVID-19
Authors: Yunita Melda , Ohiwal Morgan , Astuty Eka , Sukmawati Sukmawati
Published: November 2022

Abstrak: Serangan dari wabah novel coronavirus (Covid-19) telah menyebar secara masiv di seluruh wilayah Indonesia dan pernah menjadi kasus dengan angka kematian tertinggi di Asia tenggara. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah bersama dengan pihak terkait untuk mencegah transmisi Covid-19 yang sangat cepat, termasuk dengan mempromosikan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) pada seluruh lapisan masyarakat, khususnya di Desa Air Salobar Ambon. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk menganalisis level pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai PHBS untuk mencegah transmisi Covid-19. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada 20 Maret 2021 di Desa Air Salobar dengan melibatkan 26 responden. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini ialah metode deskriptif yaitu dengan memberikan pretest, edukasi berupa penyuluhan PHBS, dan posttest kepada masyarakat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai posttest meningkat dari 40,8% menjadi 95% setelah diberikan edukasi dengan rata-rata peningkatan nilai posttest dibandingkan pretest ialah sebesar 56.2%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa edukasi membrikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan level pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai PHBS setelah mendapat edukasi dari fasilitator.Abstract: The attack from novel coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak has spread massively throughout Indonesia and has ever become the case with the highest death rate in Southeast Asia. Various efforts have been conducted by the government together with related parties to prevent the very rapid transmission of Covid-19, including by promoting clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) at all levels of society, particularly in Air Salobar Village, Ambon. The objective of the community service activity was to analyze the level of knowledge of the community on PHBS to prevent the transmission of Covid-19. This activity was carried out on March 20, 2021 in Air Salobar Village by involving 26 respondents. The method used was a descriptive method, by providing pretest, education in the form of PHBS counseling, and posttest to the respondents. The results of the analysis showed that the posttest score increased from 40.8% to 95% after being given education with an increase in knowledge level of 56.2%.
PERAN NENEK SEBAGAI PERSONAL REFERENCE DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU MENYUSUI EKSKLUSIF
Authors: Retnowati Lucia , Pujiastuti Nurul
Published: November 2022

Abstrak: Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) di desa Sumberporong Kecamatan Lawang Kabupaten Malang, diikuti oleh 35 nenek dengan memberikan penyuluhan tentang ASI eksklusif, perawatan payudara nifas, dan pembuatan bolu daun katuk. Tujuan pengabmas yaitu mewujudkan peran nenek sebagai personal reference dalam upaya meningkatkan perilaku menyusui eksklusif. Sebelum dan setelah penyuluhan diberikan lima (5) pertanyaan terkait masalah menyusui. Lima pertanyaan tersebut meliputi pengertian ASI eksklusif, anatomi payudara, lama menyusui bayi, posisi dan pelekatan bayi yang benar. Sebelum penyuluhan mempunyai nilai rata-rata 60. Setelah penyuluhan, mempunyai nilai rata-rata 80. Selanjutnya dilakukan diskusi dengan para nenek tentang cara mengatasi produksi ASI yang kurang. Diperoleh informasi bahwa nenek memberikan jamu khusus untuk ibu menyusui, memberikan sayuran seperti daun katuk, daun pepaya, serta memompa payudara namun produksi ASI masih kurang. Oleh karena itu, penyuluhan yang diberikan memberikan manfaat tambahan pengetahuan bagi nenek. Usulan penyuluhan selanjutnya adalah teknik memerah ASI, cara mengatasi puting susu datar atau tenggelam, serta cara mengatasi puting susu lecet. Saat penyuluhan, nenek mendapatkan booklet tentang peran keluarga dan menyusui eksklusif sehingga dapat menjadi sumber informasi bagi nenek untuk memberikan motivasi pada ibu menyusui.Abstract: Community Service Activities in Sumberporong Village, Lawang District, Malang Regency, there are 35 participants in the counseling. The counseling provided includes exclusive breastfeeding, postpartum breast care, and making katuk leaf cake. The aim of community service is to realize the role of grandmothers as personal references in an effort to improve exclusive breastfeeding behavior. Before and after the counseling, five (5) questions related to breastfeeding were given. The five questions include the definition of exclusive breastfeeding, breast anatomy, duration of breastfeeding the baby, the correct position and attachment of the baby. Before counseling, the average score was 60. After counseling, the average score was 80. After that, there was a discussion with the grandmothers about how to overcome the lack of breast milk production. Information was obtained that the grandmother gave special herbs for nursing mothers, gave vegetables such as katuk leaves, papaya leaves, and pumped the breasts but the milk production was still lacking. Therefore, the counseling provided provides additional benefits of knowledge for grandmothers. The next counseling proposal is the technique of expressing breast milk, how to deal with flat or sinking nipples, and how to deal with sore nipples. During counseling, grandmothers received booklets about the role of family and exclusive breastfeeding so that they could be a source of information for grandmothers to motivate breastfeeding mothers.
COVID-19 Vaccination and PPKM Policy with the Implementation of the Fuzzy Sugeno Method to Income Classification
Authors: Wahyuni Djihan , Sumarminingsih Eni , Astutik Suci
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the implementation of Fuzzy Sugeno in classifying textual data obtained from Twitter so as to determine the polarity of public opinion regarding PPKM policies and Covid-19 vaccinations. This study uses primary data via Twitter related to COVID-19 vaccination and PPKM policies in Indonesia starting from February 9, 2021 to January 17, 2022. There are several stages carried out, namely data collection, data pre-processing, data labeling, data weighting. , identification of membership functions, determination of fuzzy sets, formation of classification systems, and evaluation of classification results. The results of this study explain that Fuzzy Sugeno's performance in classifying tweets is quite good with an average accuracy of 89.13%. Meanwhile, public opinion regarding PPKM policies and Covid-19 vaccinations tends to be balanced with 36.92% of tweets classified as positive sentiments, 22.85% negative sentiments, and another 40.23% classified as neutral sentiments. In addition, the fuzzy set that is formed based on the data observation method is very well done because it is able to adjust the frequency of the data in each category. This really helps improve the performance of the built classification system.
Mathematical Literacy of Junior High School Students in Solving Problems PISA in Minang Context
Authors: Rahmi Fathur , Iltavia Iltavia , Zarista Ramzil Huda
Published: November 2022

Often the use of repeated questions and answers is given by the teacher so that they cannot analyze students' mathematical literacy abilities. There needs to be a solution to the PISA problem so that student competencies can be seen clearly. The teacher should analyze this so that it does not happen continuously so that a way can be found to overcome it. The purpose of this study was to determine the mathematical literacy of junior high school students when working on PISA questions in the Minang context. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The results of the PISA test and interviews became the data in this study. To find out more detailed data, the authors took the research subjects based on the results of the PISA test later and categorized the subjects into the highest, medium and lowest. In this study, researchers used indicators of mathematical literacy level according to PISA. The results of this study indicate that in formulating the situation mathematically is 75%, reasoning 33.05% and solving problems 14.44%. That is, on average, students are only able to answer problems only up to level 2 PISA, that the ability to formulate situations mathematically.
Performance of LAD-LASSO and WLAD-LASSO on High Dimensional Regression in Handling Data Containing Outliers
Authors: Cahya Septa Dwi , Sartono Bagus , Indahwati Indahwati , Purnaningrum Evita
Published: November 2022

In several research areas, it is common to have a dataset with more explanatory variables than the number of observations, called high-dimensional data. This condition can lead to multicollinearity problem. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) solves the problem by shrinking the estimated coefficient to zero so that it can simultaneously carry on the variable selection and the parameter estimation.  But LASSO performs poorly when the data contains some outliers in the response or explanatory variables. Robust methods have addressed this problem based on the least-absolute-deviation approach, such as LAD-LASSO and WLAD-LASSO. This current research aims to evaluate the performance of the LAD-LASSO and WLAD-LASSO methods on high-dimensional and low-dimensional data containing outliers. To evaluate the performance of these methods, the simulation study was conducted. The simulation study used three scenarios (without outliers, outliers on the response variable (5%, 10%, 15%), outliers both on the response and explanatory variables (5%, 10%, 15%)). We also used the Minimum Regularized Covariance Determinant (MRCD) estimator in calculating the weights on the WLAD-LASSO. The best method from this simulation then will be applied to sembung leaf extract data to identify antioxidant marker compounds in sembung leaf extract. The simulation results show that LAD-LASSO tends to be very tight in selecting, while LASSO tends to be too loose.  Meanwhile, WLAD-LASSO is in the middle of those two techniques and performs the best in identifying the important variables correctly. Even the existence of weights cause WLAD-LASSO more robust against the presence of outliers in the response and explanatory variables compared to LAD-LASSO. Furthermore, performance of these methods on high-dimensional data decrease compared to low-dimensional data. The performance of these methods also tends to decrease when the rate of outlier increases. The WLAD-LASSO was then implemented in actual data to find the compound of antioxidant markers in the sembung leaf extract. The compounds/formulas obtained are Umbelliferone, 12-Hydroxyjasmonic Acid, C22H14N8O2, and Acetyleugenol (with a prediction error is 0.133050). These compounds/formulas can be developed as natural antioxidants and have the potential to be developed as medicinal ingredients.
Sensitivity Analysis of SEIRS Model with Quarantine on the Spread of Covid-19
Authors: Hardianti Wiwik Tri , Sumarno Hadi , Sianturi Paian
Published: November 2022

Since the Covid-19 pandemic, various mathematical models have been developed to describe its spread using the compartment model. The purpose of this research was to construct a new model of Covid-19. This formulated model is an application of SEIRS epidemic model by Zhang & Teng (2007) and a modification of the Covid-19 model by Chatterjee et al. (2020) by adding variations of quarantine. The model is analyzed by determining the disease-free fixed point and basic reproduction number 〖(R〗_0) through the next generation matrix method. The next step is to analyze the sensitivity to find out the parameters that have the most influence on the spread of Covid-19. The disease will not spread in the population if the value of R_0<1, while the disease will spread if the value of R_0>1. The result of the sensitivity analysis stated the parameters that can be controlled and have the most significant effect, respectively, are the transmission rate from symptomatic infected individuals (β_2 ),transmission rates from asymptomatic infected individuals (β_1 ), quarantine rates for symptomatic infected individuals (θ_3), and quarantine rates for asymptomatic infected individuals (θ_2). Parameters β_2 and β_1 have a negative index, while θ_3 and θ_2 have a negative index. It means decreasing the transmission rate from infected individuals and increasing the quarantine rate for infected individuals can decrease the spread of Covid-19. Therefore there will not be an outbreak in the long term.
Geometry Learning Through Batik Reconstruction
Authors: Ratnadewi Ratnadewi , Prijono Agus , Pandanwangi Ariesa
Published: November 2022

In this world, the shapes of objects, including Batik motifs in Indonesia, are regular and irregular. One of the regular Batik motifs is Surya Kawung Batik from Mojokerto. The purpose of this research is to observe the ability of the Electrical Engineering Department students in Maranatha Christian University to study and reconstruct the geometric shapes of Surya Kawung Batik. In the making of the Batik motifs, the research methods employed are survey, observation, exploration, testing, and improvement, while in the learning process, the method applied is descriptive qualitative, in which the researchers check the data credibility. Turtle graphics algorithm and mathematical calculations are used to form Batik geometric motifs. The result of this research shows an increase in the students' ability to learn the geometric shapes and to reconstruct digital Batik motifs which resemble the original Batik motifs and which can be stored using a smaller memory. If the memory for storing motifs is small, the required storage space will be more efficient.
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional di Suku Colol Kabupaten Manggarai Timur
Authors: Samsi Andi Nur , Gustina Gustina , Susandri Karolina
Published: November 2022

Abstract: This research is research on Ethnobotany of Traditional Medicinal Plants in the Colol Tribe, Ulu Wae Village, East Manggarai Regency. The purpose of this study was to find out what plants are used by the community in the Colol Tribe, Ulu Wae Village, the use and processing of these plants for traditional medicine, and what parts of the plants are used in treatment. The method used in this study is a structured interview, namely an interview that has been planned by referring to a list of questions that have been prepared. The data from the research results were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively according to the research objectives which would later be presented in the form of tables, pictures, or photos. The plants commonly used by people in the Colol tribe are turmeric (Curcuma domestica), temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza), ginger (Zingiber officinale), betel (Piper betle), and jatropha (Jatropha curcas). The processing of medicinal plants carried out by the community in Ulu Wae Village is grated, pounded, cut, sliced, boiled, burned, chewed, drunk, and applied to the sick part. Diseases that can be cured include rheumatism, high blood pressure, cough, vaginal discharge, burns, toothache, fever, shortness of breath, liver, backache, dysentery, malaria, urinary stones, kidney stones, gout, and headaches.Abstrak: Peran tumbuhan yaitu dapat menjadi obat yang mudah ditemukan oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini penting untuk mengetahui  tumbuhan apa saja yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat di Suku Colol Desa Ulu Wae, pemanfaatan, pengolahan tumbuhan tersebut untuk pengobatan tradisional dan bagian – bagian tumbuhan apa yang digunakan dalam pengobatan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara testruktur (structured interview) yaitu wawancara yang telah terencana dengan berpedoman pada daftar pertanyaan yang telah dipersiapkan. Hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel, gambar, dan foto. Tumbuhan yang biasa digunakan oleh masyarakat  di Suku Colol adalah kunyit (Curcuma domestica), temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza), jahe (Zingiber officinalec), sirih (Piper betle), dan jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas). Pengolahan tanaman obat yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat di Desa Ulu Wae yaitu diparut, ditumbuk, dipotong, diiris, direbus, dibakar, dikunyah, diminum, dan dioleskan pada bagian yang sakit.  Penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan antara lain rematik, darah tinggi, batuk, keputihan, luka bakar, sakit gigi, demam, sesak nafas, lever, sakit pinggang, disentri, malaria, kencing batu, batu ginjal, asam urat,dan  sakit kepala.
EFL University Students’ Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategy and Its Correlation with Their Reading Comprehension
Authors: Kusumawardana Zhafirah Rosa , Akhiriyah Suvi
Published: November 2022

Metacognitive awareness of reading strategy has a tremendous impact on the educational process, especially in acquiring a second language. It is concerned with not only what they suggest about how students organize their interactions with the context, but also with how they might employ the strategies that are still relevant to reading comprehension effectiveness. However, the EFL learners are still having a lack using metacognitive awareness of reading strategies significantly because of unknowing and inadequate understanding of what reading strategies to use, how and when to use them appropriately. Hence, the present study is attempted to locate the relationship between EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness of reading strategy and reading comprehension. A quantitative study, with 60 EFL students as participants, was conducted by using a questionnaire, and reading comprehension score to discover the level of EFL students’ Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategy. Those are the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategy Inventory - revised (MARSI-R) and the Test English Proficiency (TEP) to discover the level of EFL students’ metacognitive awareness. The result of this study showed that 49 participants (mean 3.5 – >3.5), categorized as high group levels, and 11 participants (mean 2.5 – 3.4), categorized as moderate group levels. This research also revealed that the most strategies used by EFL learners found using PRS (Problem-solving strategies) M = 3.99; GRS (Global reading strategies) M = 3.98; and, SRS (Support reading strategies) M = 3.65. For the result of the Spearman Rho Coefficient showed that there is no correlation between EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness of reading strategy and reading comprehension (ρ value = .986).
Rancang Bangun Alat Pencetak Kompos Tablet Sistem Tekan
Authors: Agustina Nabila , Abdullah Sirajuddin H , Karyanik Karyanik
Published: November 2022

Compost is an organic fertilizer whose basic ingredients are from weathering plant material or organic waste. However, the community has a few obstacles, namely the need for very large doses of fertilizer which often makes its use difficult. Therefore, efforts need to be made to overcome this problem, namely by making the fertilizer form into a solid form. So a tablet compost printer was made that can determine the capacity of the tool's mold with a press system. Analysis of the data used in this study is a mathematical approach using Microsoft Excel and a statistical approach using ANOVA diversity analysis and further test of Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) level 5%. The results showed that the higher the addition of hydrogel, the lower the dimension value, both weight, height and diameter of the tablet. The capacity of the mold in each treatment was carried out 3 times the average repetition of each treatment at P1 4.41 kg/hour, P2 6.10 kg/hour and P3 6.30 kg/hour the weight of the compost material affects the capacity of the mold, the heavier the material being printed, the higher the capacity of the mold.
Ergonomic Analysis of Noise Level and Mechanical Vibration on Rice Grinding Machine in Sangia Village, Sape Districts, Bima Regency
Authors: Isnaini Isnaini , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin , Wiryono Budy
Published: November 2022

Rice milling equipment will really help farmers to process their produce continuously, but this tool has a weakness, namely mechanical vibrations and noise that arise when these tools operate. This study aims to determine the noise level of the rice milling machine and analyze the noise level of the rice milling machine. The method used in this research is an experimental method by conducting direct tests in the field. This study was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RAK). Parameters in this research include vibration value, noise level, work capacity, tool efficiency, and yield. Observational data were analyzed by analysis of variance at a significance level of 5%. If there is a treatment that has a significant effect, then it is further tested using the Honestly Significant Difference (BNJ) test at the same significant level. The results showed that the noise level of the rice milling machine at 600 Rpm (72.9 db) was lower than the rice milling machine in the first treatment, namely 1000 Rpm (74.5 db) and in the second treatment, 800 Rpm (73.5 db). db). The mechanical vibration of the rice milling machine at 600 Rpm (10.3 Hz) was lower than the rotation of the rice grinding machine at 1000 Rpm (12.5 Hz) and in the second treatment 800 Rpm (11.3 Hz).
Phisycal Quality Analysis of Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Using Edible Coating of Carrageenan and Glycerol
Authors: Karuniasari Dian
Published: November 2022

Jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman yang ada di Indonesia. Jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava L.) termasuk dalam golongan buah klimaterik yang memiliki respirasi tinggi dan mengalami pematangan melalui peningkatan CO2 dan etilen. Buah klimaterik memiliki masa simpan yang cukup pendek sehingga dapat mempercepat buah rusak atau mengalami pembusukan. Pembusukan pada buah jambu biji merah (Psidium guajava L.) terjadi akibat proses respirasi yang semakin cepat karena penanganan pascapanen yang kurang baik. Pembusukan pada buah dapat dikurangi dengan menerapkan teknologi pasca panen, salah satunya dengan melakukan pelapisan pada kulit permukaan buah menggunakan metode edible coating. Edible coating dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan dasar karagenan dan gliserol. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menentukan mutu fisik buah jambu biji merah serta pengaruh edible coating dari karagenan dan gliserol pada buah jambu biji merah. Mutu fisik buah jambu biji merah yang dianalisis yaitu warna, susut bobot dan tekstur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai tingkat kecerahan (L) terkecil sebesar 52,18, nilai tingkat kemerahan (a) terkecil sebesar -15,91, nilai tingkat kekuningan (b) terkecil sebesar 35,14, nilai susut bobot terkecil sebesar 28,45% dan nilai tekstur terkecil sebesar 0,00180 mm/gram.detik pada hari ke-10 yaitu jambu biji dengan perlakuan karagenan 1,5% dan gliserol 2%.
On $\mathcal{F}$-cosmall morphisms
Authors: KALEBOĞAZ Berke , KESKİN TÜTÜNCÜ Derya
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we first define the notion of $\mathcal{F}$-cosmall quotient for an additive exact substructure $\mathcal{F}$ of an exact structure $\mathcal{E}$ in an additive category $\mathcal{A}$. We show that every $\mathcal{F}$-cosmall quotient is right minimal in some cases. We also give the definition of $\mathcal{F}$-superfluous quotient and we relate it the approximation of modules. As an application, we investigate our results in a pure-exact substructure $\mathcal{F}$.
Energy security as a crucial Pakistan’s foreign policy determinant
Authors: Makarevich Gleb G.
Published: November 2022

Considering many factors that can affect the nation’s foreign policy, one can point out the factor of energy security. The article deals with the place of energy security in Pakistan’s foreign policy. The author puts forward a hypothesis according to which the socio-political development of Pakistan directly depends on the state of its energy sector and the prospects for its development, and therefore the nation’s foreign policy in fact stems from the needs of strengthening energy security.
The article discusses the general concepts of energy security, lists the existing threats, the role of the energy sector in the Pakistani economy and the structural problems of the industry are analyzed with an overview of the country’s foreign trade balance having been given. The strategically important tracks of Pakistan’s energy policy include the implementation of the China-Pakistan economic corridor, the development of relations with the Gulf countries, an attempt to agree on the implementation of energy projects with the countries of Central Asia. Among Pakistan’s attempts to counter socio-political threats to energy security, counter-terrorism operations of the nation’s armed forces are considered, and its duality is noted, initiatives to strengthen regional maritime security in the Indian Ocean and in particular - Regional Maritime Security Patrols, as well as Pakistan’s role in the civil war in Afghanistan in the context of the Taliban takeover.
The author concludes that energy security will remain one of the key factors in Pakistan’s foreign policy until the burning issues in the areas discussed in the article are resolved. Otherwise, Pakistan will remain a country with an extremely vulnerable economy, which will not allow Islamabad to play the role in world politics it hopes for.
The main stages in the formation and development of the concept of Pan-Africanism: History and modernity
Authors: Kassae N.V. Mikael
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of Pan-Africanism. The authors propose to trace the evolution of the concept by dividing the stages of its formation into three periods: American, European and directly African. This is primarily due to the historical reasons for the formation of Pan-Africanism as a concept: from the struggle of the African-American population for their rights to the use of the concept as an ideological basis for a number of political regimes in Africa. Each stage gave the concept new features.
The American stage gave birth to the foundations of Pan-Africanism, putting on the agenda the idea of the struggle of individual ethnic groups for the rights and freedoms adopted in the United States. The European stage significantly expanded the geography and scope of the problems, as well as touched upon colonial issues.
The African stage was marked by an attempt to bring the concept of pan-Africanism into practice. This division has also given rise to a research question about the cause-and-effect relationships between the theoretical postulates of the concept and practical application at the present stage. It was during this period that it became clear how Pan-Africanism contributed to the fight against the oppression of various ethnic groups. As conclusions, answers are offered to the question whether the concept of Pan-Africanism can become a practical embodiment of the struggle of Africans for independence from Western countries.
Africa in the 21st Century: New Insights into the Problem of Security
Authors: Denisova Tatyana S.
Published: November 2022

A sharp increase in geopolitical tensions following the start of a special military operation in Ukraine and the introduction of unprecedented Western sanctions against Russia has reverberated around the planet, and Africa is no exception in this regard. Under the circumstances, old threats to African countries have intensified and new ones have emerged, shaped by a complex interplay of local and international political and economic factors. If left unchecked, these threats may undermine Africa’s economic progress and have a knock-on effect on the continental integration agenda. Suitably, scholarly interest in African security has been and will keep growing as the interplay becomes more complicated.
The Centre for Sociological and Political Sciences Studies of the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences held the international conference “Between Promise and Peril: African Security in the 21st Century”. The scope of the conference covered such security-related topics in the African context as peacekeeping and counter-insurgency, private military companies and hybrid warfare, nuclear terrorism and peaceful atom, state fragility and neo-patrimonialism. A grave peril is that Africa once again becomes a proxy battlefield for conflicts between great powers. Participants paid special attention to the dynamics between local and foreign factors of destabilization in African countries. A particular focus of presenters was also made on the dilemma of state-building in Africa and its impact on African security. Most participants agreed that Africa’s security is no longer a regional issue but a global one as the geopolitical and geoeconomic significance of the continent is increasing steadily.
Non-governmental organizations in Africa: Role and place in the global political transformation
Authors: Sadovskaya Lubov M.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of international (INGOs) and local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in African countries. The very existence and activity of these organizations are conditioned by the needs of the development of civil society, which cannot always receive adequate assistance and support from official government structures. For this reason, different political groups often turn to NGOs for help. The article analyzes the problem of relations between non-governmental organizations and the state. They do not always add up simply, without contradictions. But, as a rule, they are built on balanced cooperation based on trust. It is important for the State to involve non-governmental organizations in solving urgent social problems, especially in the humanitarian sphere: the fight against poverty, lack of water, lack of sanitation, etc. Despite the fact that many NGOs are not subordinate to Governments, they nevertheless depend on them. The paper draws attention to the fact that NGOs in many African countries work in contact with representatives of the International Monetary Fund, as well as with such UN structures as the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), and other foreign donors. This also applies to international NGOs with a political orientation. To a certain extent, they influence national politics and public opinion in their host countries in order to transform political regimes, as was the case, for example, in Tunisia and Egypt. In other African countries (Senegal, Niger) these NGOs tried to support organizations of civil protest movements during the election campaigns for the presidential election. In this regard, the problem of financing NGOs is of great importance, which has a direct impact on the trajectory of their development. Nevertheless, the State’s continued control over the activities of NGOs prevents their politicization where this trend manifests itself.
Assessment of squalene effect on antioxidant enzymes and free radicals in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Martirosyan Danik , Ashoori Mohammad Reza , Serani Anna , Zhang Kevin , Mirmiranpour Hossein
Published: November 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus as a metabolic disease can have serious consequences. Due to their chemical properties,bioactive compounds can play a role in diabetes management. Squalene is a natural oil and bioactive compound. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of squalene have been discussed in recent studies. Squalene plays a role in controlling diabetes by maintaining the oxidant/antioxidant balance.Objective: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of different doses of squalene, on different days, on the levels of some oxidative indices and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in groups of people with type 2 diabetes and compare them with each other and healthy people.Methods: 150 individuals were recruited in this study. These individuals were separated into five groups. Group one contained 30 individuals, representing the healthy control group. Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 included subjects with type 2 diabetes. Each of the subjects in groups 3, 4 and 5 received squalene in doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg as an oral capsule (liquid filled oral), respectively for 84 days. Subjects in Group 2 did not receive squalene. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (as antioxidant indicators) activities and the levels of hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (as oxidant indicators) were assayed.Results: In 84 days, a statistically significant difference (P value < 0.05) was observed in all the diabetic groups compared to the healthy group. In the comparison between groups receiving squalene with each other, there was a significant  increase (P value < 0.05) in catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, depending on squalene dose and time. There was not a statistically significant (P value > 0.05) increase in glutathione peroxidase activity. Statistically significant changes in oxidative indices were not dose-dependent or time-dependent.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, a dose of 600 mg of squalene in 84 days is effective in increasing catalase and superoxide dismutase activity and reducing hydrogen peroxide levels. Squalene can play an important role in controlling and reducing the consequences of diabetes caused by changes in the oxidant/antioxidant balance.Keywords: squalene, type 2 diabetes, T2D, antioxidant enzymes, bioactive compounds, free radicals
Systematic Literature Review of Industry 4.0 Implementation Frameworks Focusing on Applicability in Manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Denning Joshua , Liyanage Kapila
Published: November 2022

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is not an exceedingly new concept. Since the term was coined in Germany in 2011 it has come to encompass many enabling technologies around the digitalisation of manufacturing processes growing further into the service industry and beyond. The need for businesses to begin to explore these options to reap the benefits of I4.0 is growing and while many larger organisations are maturing in their adoption many SMEs are not. This paper conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) of the tools available to organisations looking to implement I4.0. The research will focus on tools are around the areas of readiness models, maturity models and frameworks that provide detail on how to begin the journey to I4.0 implementation. The key research questions to be answered are if these tools cater to the unique needs of manufacturing SME’s and the challenges they face. What sets this SLR apart from other analysis is the identification of a research gap for a detailed framework for manufacturing SMEs to implement I4.0 in an agile and sustainable way. As the manufacturing world is changing and consumers are making more informed choices about what they buy with a view towards sustainability how can I4.0 help manufacturing SMEs operate in a sustainable way whilst remaining agile to changing economic conditions. This SLR will form the basis for further research into this area to support SMEs on their I4.0 adoption journey.
Sustainable Digital Transformation: The Role of Organisational Digital Culture
Authors: Abdallah Yasser Omar , Shehab Essam , Al-Ashaab Ahmed
Published: November 2022

Sustaining Digital Transformation processes is a significant challenge for all organisations, especially in the manufacturing sector. Undoubtedly, Digital Transformation (DT) is becoming increasingly crucial for successfully implementing manufacturing operations. This paper discusses Digital Culture’s role in sustainable digital transformation projects by discussing the digital culture attributes that must be inside the organisation’s top management level. These attributes are collaboration, innovation, accountability, transparency, customer-centricity, and human development. By identifying these attributes in a clear and incremental model, manufacturing organisations will be able to incorporate the digital culture factor in their digital transformation operations to ensure the sustainability of these operations.
Anomaly Detection System for Ethereum Blockchain Using Machine Learning
Authors: Anthony Njoku ThankGod , Shafik Mahmoud , Kurugollu Fatih , Atlam Hany F.
Published: November 2022

Over the past few years, Blockchain technology has been utilized in various applications to improve privacy and security. Although blockchain has proven its worth as a very powerful technology, research has shown that it is not entirely immune to security and privacy attacks. There was a successful 51% attack on Ethereum Classic back in January 2019 which shows that blockchain still facing security and privacy challenges. This paper aims to develop an anomaly detection solution for the Ethereum blockchain to overcome security challenges using Machine Learning (ML). The proposed solution focuses on using a dynamic approach where the normal operational behaviour of the Ethereum blockchain is used to train ML algorithms and any deviation will be tagged as an anomaly and will be detected by the system. Four ML algorithms including K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GaussianNB), Random Forest, and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SDG) were utilized to train and verify the accuracy of the proposed solution. The experimental results demonstrated that the random forest algorithm provided the best accuracy of 99.84% over other ML algorithms.
Blockchain Technology – Understanding Its Application in Humanitarian Supply Chains
Authors: Saad Sameh , Maina Jemimah , Perera Terrence , Bahadori Ramin
Published: November 2022

This paper provides a holistic view of blockchain technology promises in humanitarian operations. Blockchain provides most value in the areas of trust, transparency, and visibility, yet it’s still unregulated and its technical complexities compounded with a lack of knowledge, technical skills and training pose stringent challenges in its application. Our review offers valuable and unique insight for academic and supply chain practitioners on the extant status and its potential areas of application in humanitarian settings while laying a firm foundation for further research.
Retracted: An Architectural Study of Hyper Dimensional Processor for Human-Centric IoT
Authors: Veera Prudhvi Raja K. , Jagadeesh Babu B. , Sekhar M. S. R.
Published: November 2022

In this paper study about Hyper-Dimensional Computing (HDC) for different applications. The architectural supports energy-efficient, fast, and scalable search operations using three generally utilized design methodologies. To grasp underlying circumstances and interact with their settings, many Internets of Things (IoT) apps rely on human action recognition. Machine learning is a popular technique for identifying actions based on sensor data. The application of a brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing technology to because IoT systems have a hard time recognizing activities, making activity detection easier is a good solution. can improve accuracy and efficiency. The model training was sped up by up to 468 times when compared to advanced training of Neural network.
Contemporary Evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI): An Overview and Applications
Authors: Lakshmi Aishwarya Gadde , Satyanarayana V. , Singh Mahesh K. , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: November 2022

In this paper studied artificial intelligence (AI). Because AI is a living, evolving system, it has become an integral part of our daily routines. Because of this, no two people or robots are the same. Artificial intelligence (AI) has grown steadily in the previous few years, affecting a wide range of industries like machine learning, robotics, and neural networks, among others. The intelligence displayed by computers is known as artificial intelligence. The term artificial refers to something that is neither natural nor man-made, whereas intelligence refers to the capacity to learn and use information and skills. Artificial intelligence has a wide range of research areas, each with a distinct set of implementation approaches and implications. It is the goal of this paper to provide an overview of artificial intelligence (AI) and the various applications and research areas that surround it. It contributes to our automation, which opens up a world of opportunity and a promising future.
Circuit Analysis of Multilevel Converter for High-Power Applications
Authors: Vishnu Padma Padala , Varalakshmi K. , Singh M. K.
Published: November 2022

This paper analyses a multilevel inverter configuration which provides single-phase seven-level output. This topology partially adopts the packed u-cell structure and uses series connected DC sources to generate the required number of output voltage levels. The DC-link capacitors are not required in this topology. The operating modes and modulation scheme of this multilevel inverter are explained in detail. For applications requiring high voltage and high power, multilayer inverters (MLI) are one of the most popular choices. Higher voltage levels can be generated with MLI, despite the fact that lower rating components are used. MLI provides greater voltage level, which minimizes total harmonic distortion (THD), and MLI operates at a lower switching frequency than a standard DC-AC inverter, resulting in lower overall power consumption. There are several alternative modulation approaches for MLI that are dependent on either the fundamental switching frequency or the high switching frequency of the device.
Numerical Modelling and Simulation of μ-EDM Process on Inconel 718 Using FEM Model
Authors: Dutta Souradeep , Sarma Deba Kumar , Das Koushik , Barua Bhargab Madhab
Published: November 2022

Nickle based super alloy Inconel 718 is a difficult to cut material due to its large mechanical strength and high heat and corrosion resistance with good thermal stability. μ-EDM is a non-conventional micro-machining process that can produce complex micro features in Inconel 718. The material removal mechanism of μ-EDM is extremely intricate and dynamic in nature. This paper aims to develop a 2D axisymmetric heat transient model that can explain the material removal theory during the single spark μ-EDM process on Inconel 718. The solutions of the developed model have been obtained by finite element method (FEM) based software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6. First, the model is validated with a literature model by incorporating the same machining condition. It has been accomplished that the present model’s crater radius (r′) and depth (h) values are in a close agreement with the literature model. The absolute percentage error for r′ and h between the simulated results of the two models are found to be 1.37 and 4.45 correspondingly. Both the r′ and h are increased with the enhancement of discharge energy (DE). The highest value of r′ and h are found at 7.2 μJ DE followed by 6.05 μJ and 5 μJ DE. It has been established that the temperature has been drastically decreased along both the radius and depth direction after the single spark simulation process. The temperature gradient is found to be more along the radius direction than the depth direction.
Non-Uniform Linear Nested Array Implementation for Improved Beamforming and Optimization
Authors: Sheik Althaf M , Ray K P , Nethravathi K A  , Tripathi Bhishm , Adiga Ashish K
Published: November 2022

Beamforming has been an area of interest for a lot of research work as the multiantenna system has become an important topic in wireless communication. While both theoretical, as well as real-time practical implementation techniques for beamforming have been extensively researched, the existing techniques mainly focus on obtaining peak performance in the fastest and most accurate way possible and usually ignore applications providing improved performance with limited resource utilization. This paper further explores the concept of nonuniform spacing in such multiantenna receivers and shows how beamforming equivalent to regular uniform sensor arrays can be achieved and analyses many trade-offs that designers and users must consider for a minimalistic approach. The objective of this paper is to analyze various beamforming techniques on Uniform Linear Arrays (ULA) and the performance comparison between various techniques along with the analysis of output signal reconstruction and the array response. It also contains a detailed analysis of the uniformly spaced arrays and nested arrays using optimization techniques for error minimization. The construction of Non-uniform Linear Nested Arrays (NULNA) with optimum element spacing will be analyzed.
Gate Driver Design and Mitigation of Voltage Glitch in SiC MOSFET Using Miller Clamp
Authors: Chandu Mankina , Varalakshmi K.
Published: November 2022

This work provides a detailed discussion about power converter circuits using SiC MOSFET, a classical approach to designing gate drivers for SiC MOSFET, and mitigation of voltage glitch and crosstalk voltage in SiC MOSFET using active as well as passive miller clamp. Different type of gate driver configuration has been discussed in this work. Crosstalk voltage exits on the gate-source terminal of SiC power MOSFET. Active and passive miller clamps are used to eliminate any crosstalk voltage which is available in the switching the MOSFET. As a result of the rapid growth of semiconductor technology, a variety of high-performance semiconductor devices are becoming available for purchase. In recent years, the silicon carbide SiC MOSFET and the junction barrier Schottky diode (JBS) have been created and are now commercially accessible. SiC MOSFETs outperform their silicon counterparts in terms of performance. The voltage and current ratings of the SiC MOSFET have also been shown to be significantly higher than those of the Si MOSFET.
Overexpression of lncRNA TUG1 enhances the efficacy of DC-CIK immunotherapy in neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Tan Wei-Qiang , Yuan Li , Cao Xu , Wu Xiao-Yuan , Xing Yi-Qun , Ye Ming
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) TUG1 plays a critical role in the development of human cancers. This study explored whether TUG1 is involved in the cytotoxicity of dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells (DCs-CIK), an immunotherapy approach, in neuroblastoma. METHODS: A TUG1 expression plasmid was transfected into DCs. Neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells were incubated with CIK cells, DCs-CIK cells, and TUG1-overexpressing DCs-CIK cells, with or without irradiation. SK-N-SH cell viability, colony formation, migration, and apoptosis were analyzed using CCK-8, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Production of IL-12, IL-2 and IFN-γ in the supernatants was determined using ELISA. A dual luciferase activity assay was performed to confirm the molecular interactions between TUG1 and miR-204. Tumor-bearing mice were established by injection of SK-N-SH cells followed by stimulation with CIK cells, DC-CIK cells, and TUG1-overexpressing DCs-CIK cells. RESULTS: Compared to CIK alone or DC-CIK therapy, overexpression of TUG1 significantly suppressed tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration of neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, upregulation of TUG1 robustly induced apoptosis and altered key molecules associated with apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Contents of IL-12, IL-2 and IFN-γ were dramatically elevated in the supernatants in the coculturing system upon transfection with TUG1. In addition, TUG1 was found to be act as miR-204 sponge. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that upregulation of TUG1 potentiated the antitumor activity of DC-CIK immunotherapy. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of TUG1 promotes DC maturation and enhances CIK cytotoxicity, suggesting that TUG1 may be a novel target for enhancing DC-CIK based immunotherapy for neuroblastoma.