bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preventable stillbirth in the Solomon Islands -- a retrospective review
Authors: Silva Manarangi De , Panisi Leeanne , Manubuasa Lenin , Honimae Catherine , Taragwanu Susan , Burggraaf Simon , Ogaoga Divinal , Lindquist Anthea , Walker Susan , Tong Stephen , Hastie Roxanne
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Stillbirth is a significant global public health issue,
with approximately 98% occurring in low- and middle-income countries.
The Solomon Islands is a Pacific nation with poor perinatal outcomes and
very little previous research investigating stillbirth. Methods: We
conducted a retrospective cohort study investigating all stillbirths at
the National Referral Hospital in Honiara, Solomon Islands, between
January 2017 and December 2018. Causes of stillbirth and risk factors
were classified on review of available case files. Results: Over two
years, there were 341 stillbirths and 11,056 total births at the
National Referral Hospital (30.8 stillbirths per 1000 births). Cause of
death was documented for 198 and 142 full case files were available.
Most stillbirths occurred antenatally (n=170/198) and 62% were at
preterm gestations (<37 weeks). Low birthweight
(<2500g) was present in 59% (n=84/142) and preventable
maternal conditions, including hypertensive disorders and syphilis, were
present in 42% (n=59/142) of cases. Acute events caused 46% of
intrapartum deaths and 92% of these had inadequate intrapartum
monitoring. Conclusion: Our study is the first to investigate causes of
stillbirth in the Solomon Islands. We found a large proportion of
preventable stillbirths and significant gaps in documentation. This
highlights the importance and feasibility of a national registry. There
is an urgent need for targeted training in data collection, improved
quality of antenatal and intrapartum care and community awareness to
reduce preventable stillbirths in the Asia-Pacific.
Diagnosis and prognosis of acute renal injury in cardiac surgery using combined biomarkers. Running head. Biomarkers of renal injury in cardiac surgery.
Authors: Álvarez Alfredo Aisa , Camarena-Alejo Gilberto , Franco-Granillo Juvenal , Aguirre-Sanchez Janet S. , Guarner-Lans Veronica , Soto Maria Elena
Published: March 2022

Objective: To determine the impact and usefulness of the combination of
structural and functional biomarkers in the diagnosis of acute renal
injury (AKI) and short-term prognosis of patients undergoing cardiac
surgery (CS). Material and Methods. Prospective cohort study (March 2018
to December 2019). 63 adults older than 18 years old, on the Intensive
Care Unit (ICU) were included. Interventions: Patients had undergone CS
with extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Surgery was elective in 80% of
cases; it was urgent in 18% and emergent in 3%. Exclusion criteria
included chronic kidney disease, contrast medium application ≤24 hour
before surgery, cancer, infectious and autoimmune diseases. On admission
to the ICU, serum creatinine, urinary creatinine, urinary sediment,
urinary NGAL, urinary cystatin, microalbuminuria and serum cystatin were
measured. Results. AKI was found 31 cases (49%). ECC without renal
damage was found when time of extracorporeal circulation was of 85 ± 25
minutes and with renal damage when it lasted 114 ± 32 (p = 0.0001).
Serum creatinine has a likelihood ratio (LR) + of 5.5, the combination
of serum cystatin c (cystatin C) and normalized NGAL, showed a better
LR. In patients with severe irreversible AKI, the combination of
cystatin C + NGAL adjusted to urinary creatinine (NGAL/uCr) +
microalbuminuria had a LR+ of 18.75 and LR - of 0.26. Conclusions: The
combination of biomarkers predicts and identifies severity of AKI and
Biomarkers combination in Cardiac Surgery
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management Algorithm for Biliary Complications in Living Liver Donors
Authors: Yilmaz Sezai , Akbulut Sami , Usta Sertac , Ozsay Oguzhan , Sahin Tevfik Tolga , Sarici Kemal Baris , Baskiran Adil , Gonultas Fatih , Ozdemir Fatih , Ersan Veysel , Isik Burak , Kutlu Ramazan , Dirican Abuzer , Harputluoglu Murat
Published: March 2022

Background: Complications in living liver donors are one of the main
concerns about living donor liver transplantation and the most important
of all are biliary complications. Objective: To present the diagnostic
and therapeutic algorithm developed for the postoperative biliary
complications in living liver donors (LLDs). Methods: Between September
2005 and October 2019, 2120 living liver donor candidates underwent
living donor hepatectomy and postoperative biliary complications
developed in 167 (7.87%). Management algorithm for various biliary
complications and living liver donors who required hepaticojejunostomy
were evaluated for this retrospective cohort study. Results: Fifty-one
LLDs underwent 53 relaparotomy procedures due to biliary peritonitis.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (sphincterotomy±
stenting) was performed in 104 donors but due to persistent bile duct
stricture ± bile leaks, percutaneous transhepatic biliary tract drainage
catheter was inserted in six donors following a failed endoscopic
retrograde cholangiopancreatography assisted treatment. Ninety-seven
LLDs underwent interventional radiologic procedure and twelve of them
were percutaneous transhepatic biliary tract drainage. HJ was performed
in 10 LLDs with right lobe LDH and 2 LLDs with left lobe LDH. Ten of the
12 LLDs underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary tract drainage
catheter assisted HJ in a median of 50 days after LDH. Following HJ, 11
LLDs did not have any complication along the median of 978 days
(min-max: 139-3578) of follow-up. Conclusion: As living donor liver
transplantation will continue to be performed in countries with low
cadaveric organ supply and biliary complications will be encountered
following LDH. Timing of management of the biliary complication is vital
and HJ procedure is the ultimate treatment modality for biliary
complications that cannot be solved by other minimally invasive methods
especially percutaneous transhepatic biliary tract drainage.
Anticancer Potential of Eudrilus Eugeniae Coelomic Fluid Protein on SCC-9 Cells-In Vitro Gene Expression entwined with Cutting-Edge In-Silico Strategy
Authors: Augustine Dominic , Rao Roopa , GNS Hema , Anbu Jayaraman , R Saraswathy , Murthy KN Chidambara
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: This study is a pursuit to unearth natural
anti-cancer biomolecules from Eudrilus eugeniae (EE) Earthworm Coelomic
Fluid (ECF), in order to overcome the limitations encountered in
pharmacotherapy of oral cancer such as treatment failure and adverse
effects. This investigation aims to determine the molecular structure of
a18 kDa protein from ECF of EE (18-ECFP) through proteomic and
energy-based methods followed by evaluation of its anti-cancer potential
through in silico and in vitro techniques on oral cancer cell line
SCC-9. Experimental Approach: Following advanced proteomic analysis,
construction of homology model of 18-ECFP was attempted via energy-based
methods using Prime module-Schrodinger. Molecular Dynamic Simulation
(MDS) of the modelled 18-ECFP was tailed by Protein-Protein Docking
(PPD) with human Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 receptors. The 18-ECFP was
further evaluated by RT-PCR, western blot and Q-PCR techniques on SCC-9
cells to establish its anti-cancer potential. Key Results: The homology
model of 18-ECFP exhibited stable molecular dynamics profile. PPD
confirmed the binding affinity of 18-ECFP with pro-apoptotic genes
Caspase-3 and Caspase-8. Gene expression studies revealed 18-ECFP
induced upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes i.e., Caspase-3 and
Caspase-8, thus, validating the in-silico findings. Conclusions and
Implications: This is a first of a kind report to construct a homology
model of a novel anti-cancer protein from earthworm source substantiated
with MDS and to dock the modelled protein with human caspase receptors
supported by multiple gene expression techniques. The study outcomes may
contribute to the development of naturally available drugs to combat
oral cancer.
INTERLEUKIN 6 AS A MARKER OF SEVERE BACTERIAL INFECTION IN CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE AND FEVER
Authors: Rincon-Lopez Elena , Gómez Maria Navarro , Matos Teresa Hernández-Sampelayo , Aguilera-Alonso David , Dueñas-Moreno Eva , Saavedra-Lozano Jesús , Santiago-Garcia Begoña , Santos Maria Del Mar , García-Morin Marina , Beléndez Cristina , Lorente-Romero Jorge , CELA ELENA
Published: March 2022

Introduction Etiological diagnosis of fever in sickle cell disease (SCD)
children is often challenging. Objective: to analyze the pattern of
inflammatory biomarkers in SCD febrile children and controls, in order
to determine predictors of severe bacterial infection (SBI). Methods
Prospective, case-control study of febrile and steady-state SCD children
carried out during 3 years. Clinical characteristics and laboratory
parameters, including 10 serum proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2,
IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17a, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and
comparisons among study subgroups were analyzed. Results A total of 137
patients (78 cases and 59 controls) were included in the study; 78.5%
males, median age 4.1 (1.7-7.5) years. Four cases were diagnosed with
SBI, 41 viral infection (VI) and 33 no proven infection (NPI). IL-6 was
significantly higher in patients with SBI than in patients with VI or
NPI (163 vs 0.7 vs 0.7 pg/ml, p < 0.001), and undetectable in
all controls. The rest of the cytokines analyzed did not show any
significant difference. The optimal cut-off value of IL-6 for the
diagnosis of SBI was 125 pg/mL, with high PPV and NPV (PPV of 100% for
a prevalence of 5, 10 and 15% and NPV of 98.7%, 97.3% and 95.8% for
those prevalences, respectively). Conclusion We found that IL-6 (optimal
cut-off value of 125 pg/ml) was a very good marker for SBI in this
cohort of febrile SCD children, with high PPV and NPV. Therefore, IL-6
may be useful, alone or combined with other biomarkers, to guide the
management of these patients.
hIgDFc-Ig inhibits B cell functions by regulating BCR-Lyn-Syk-NF-κB signaling pathway in treatment for mice with collagen-induced arthritis
Authors: Zhang Xianzheng , Xu Li , Mei Dan , Wang Han , Hong Zhongyang , Ge Jinru , han le , Shu Jinling , Cai Xiaoyu , Zhu Yue , Liang Faqin , Yu Qianqian , Tai Yu , zhang feng , Wang Qing-Tong , Wei Wei , Zhang Ling-Ling
Published: March 2022

Background and purpose: To investigate the effect of hIgDFc-Ig (DG), a
new biological agent that competitively binds to IgD receptors, on
collagen-induced arthritis and its potential mechanism in regulating B
cell antigen-receptor signaling pathway. Experimental approach: DBA1
mice were used to establish collagen-induced arthritis model, three
doses of DG were administered by intraperitoneal injection. Clinical
assessment of CIA, histopathological examination, flow cytometry,
western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, protein chips and other
methods were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects. The effects of DG
on Daudi cells and IgαIgβ KO Ramos cells stimulated by IgD were also
evaluated. Key results: We found that DG has a significant therapeutic
effect on CIA mice. DG relieved the clinical assessment of CIA mice and
improved the pathology of joints and spleen. In addition, DG can also
regulate B cell subsets in the PBMC and spleen of CIA mice, and decrease
the level of immunoglobulins. DG can inhibit the BCR signaling
activation stimulated by IgD and effect the expression of transcription
factors in vitro. In Ramos cells, Igβ or IgαIgβ knockout may reverse the
activation of BCR signal pathway under the stimulation of IgD.
Conclusion and Implications: DG may play a therapeutic role in CIA mice
by regulating BCR-Lyn-Syk-NF-κB signaling pathway, and may be a new
promising biological agent for rheumatoid arthritis.
Hopf bifurcation and centers on center manifold of an extended Bonhoeffer-van der Pol (BVP) oscillator
Authors: Wu Yusen , Yue Haitao
Published: March 2022

In this work, Hopf bifurcation and center problem in a 3-dimensional
extended Bonhoeffer-van der Pol (BVP) oscillator with quadratic and
cubic nonlinearity are analyzed. Adapting the so-called formal series
method for making it able to work with singular point quantities,
necessary condition is found for the existence of centers on a local
center manifold. Furthermore, Darboux method is employed to prove the
sufficiency of the condition. Finally, the exact maximal number of limit
cycles that can generate from equilibria via Hopf bifurcation is
determined.
Efficacy of high-dose inhaled salbutamol for the treatment of gastro-intestinal anaphylaxis.
Authors: Frugier Cécile , Graham François , Samaan Kathryn , Paradis Louis , Roches Anne Des , Bégin Philippe
Published: March 2022

Background: Abdominal pain is a frequent symptom of IgE-mediated food
allergy with limited therapeutic options. Visceral smooth muscle cell
relaxation can be induced by activation of the beta-adrenergic
receptors. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of inhaled salbutamol
empirically used to relieve abdominal pain caused by IgE-mediated
allergic reactions at one center. Methods: All double-blind
placebo-controlled food challenges to peanut performed at CHU
Sainte-Justine between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed to identify patients
that presented abdominal pain as part of their reaction. The primary
outcome measure was the delay between the initiation of therapy and
improvement of abdominal pain. It was compared between patients that had
received inhaled salbutamol as part of their treatment and those that
did not. Linear regression was performed to control for potential
confounders. Results: During the study period, 174 positive DBPCFCs were
performed, including 116 for peanut allergy. Of these, 77 presented
abdominal pain and 49 met the criteria for inclusion in the study.
Patients that received salbutamol improved significantly faster (median
14 minutes; range 5-66) than those that did not (61 minutes range 5-194)
(p<0.0001). In the linear regression, only the administration
of salbutamol and emesis were found to independently accelerate the
recovery of abdominal pain, each reducing the time to improvement by an
average of 61 ±10 minutes (p<0.0005) and 44 ±13 minutes
(p<0.0005), respectively. Conclusion: This retrospective study
provides low-quality evidence of a large effect for salbutamol in the
treatment of gastro-intestinal anaphylaxis. Further investigation in
randomized controlled trials would be warranted.
A two-grid P_0^2-P_1 mixed finite element scheme for semilinear elliptic optimal control problems
Authors: XU changling
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to construct a two-grid scheme for distributed optimal
control governed by semilinear elliptic equations. The state and
co-state are approximated by the P_0^2-P_1 pair and the control
variable is approximated by piecewise constant functions. First, a
priori error estimates for the control variable, the state variables and
the co-state variables are obtained. Second, a two-grid P_0^2-P_1
mixed finite element scheme is presented and the corresponding error is
analyzed. Finally, a numerical example demonstrating our theoretical
results is also presented in this paper.
Molecular characterization of African swine fever virus from 2019‑2020 outbreaks in Guangxi province, southern China
Authors: Shi Kaichuang , Liu Huixin , Yin yanwen , Si Hongbin , Long Feng , Feng Suping
Published: March 2022

African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes contagious hemorrhagic disease
of pigs with high morbidity and mortality. To identify the molecular
characterization of ASFV strains circulating in Guangxi province,
southern China, tissue samples collected from domestic pigs that died as
a result of severe hemorrhagic disease during 2019-2020 were detected
for ASFV, and 66 representative ASFV strains from Guangxi province were
genetically characterized by sequence analysis of the C-terminal region
of B646L (p72) gene, the complete E183L (p54) gene, the variable region
of EP402R (CD2v) gene, the central variable region (CVR) of B602L gene,
and the tandem repeat sequence (TRS) within the intergenic region (IGR)
between the I73R and I329L (I73R/I329L) genes. Phylogenetic analysis
revealed that the ASFV strains from Guangxi province belonged to
genotype I and II based on the p72 and p54 genes, and there were eight
different tetrameric TRS variants based on the CVR of B602L gene.
Phylogenetic analysis of the CD2v gene revealed that these ASFV strains
belonged to serogroup IV and VIII. Eight of the 66 strains belonged to
genotype I and serotype VIII, and showed deletion of whole MGF505-2R
gene. The sequence analysis of the IGR between the I73R/I329L genes
showed that IGR II and III variants were co-circulating in Guangxi
province. The results indicated that ASFV strains circulating in Guangxi
province during 2019-2020 outbreaks showed highly genetic diversity, of
which genotype I and II strains, as well as serogroup IV and VIII
strains, were simultaneously epidemic, and there existed wild-type
strains and naturally gene-deleted strains in the field. This is the
first report on the molecular characterization of the ASFV strains
circulating in southern China.
Analisis Kemampuan Bernalar Siswa SMA Dalam Memaknai Permasalahan Integral Berbasis Konteks
Authors: Rahmi Afifah , Hairi Anisa Putri , Lukman Alphiyani , Nasution Andrea Arifsyah
Published: March 2022

Materi integral merupakan salah satu materi pokok dalam kurikulum matematika di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Dalam penelitian ini, siswa dituntut untuk memiliki kemampuan bernalar. Kemampuan tersebut sangat dibutuhkan dalam penyelesaian masalah integral, khususnya pada permasalahan luas daerah di bawah kurva. Hal tersebut tentunya membutuhkan pemahaman konsep, kemampuan penalaran dan interpretasi. Pada kenyataannya, banyak siswa merasa kesulitan untuk mengatasi permasalahan integral. Akibatnya, siswa mengalami banyak kekeliruan dalam menyelesaikan masalah terkait dengan luas daerah di bawah kurva. Pada artikel ini penulis mencoba untuk menjelaskan secara deskriptif  tentang bagaimana siswa menggunakan kemampuan awal mereka pada permasalahan berbasis konteks. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas XI yang menduduki semester kedua yang terdiri dari 40 siswa. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui tes awal (Student’s Worksheet), wawancara, dan catatan lapangan. Wawancara dilakukan dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai bagaimana siswa menyelesaikan permasalahan integral yang disajikan. Hasil dari kegiatan tersebut menunjukan bahwa kemampuan siswa umumnya tidak dapat membantu mereka dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan integral berbasis konteks. Dalam hal ini, penulis menemukan bahwa beberapa siswa tidak dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan; sementara itu beberapa siswa lainnya menerapkan cara lain, seperti dengan menggunakan rumus dan menuangkan dengan kata-kata. [ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERNALAR SISWA SMA DALAM MEMAKNAI PERMASALAHAN INTEGRAL BERBASIS KOTEKS
The Relationship Between Age and Job Satisfaction Consultants Government Girls High School in Isfahan in 2012-2013 Academic Year
Authors: Iravani Mohammadreza , Niknejadi Farzaneh , Jahandoost Zohreh
Published: March 2022

Given the importance of organizational commitment in the performance of any organization in this study to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and age was conducted in Isfahan Consultants Government Girls High School. Methodology: The study population correlation and consultants of all public high schools for girls in the 2012-2013 school years in Isfahan. Results: All samples were selected as the population size. In this study, job satisfaction Dunnett is used as a measuring tool. Conclusion: Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS-18 software and statistical methods such as mean and standard deviation were used and inferential statistics of independent T-test was used.
Tendinţe geoeconomice şi geopolitice în lumea post-pandemie
Authors: BĂLĂŞOIU Narciz
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic can be defined as a “black swan” because it disrupted the economic model known and adopted almost worldwide, changing both production processes and consumption patterns, as well as mankind living habits. For instance, this led to increased digitalization in day-to-day activities, starting from the interaction between the state and its citizens to that within enterprises and households. The COVID-19 pandemic marks a turning point not only in the global economy, but also in the international relations system. The power shifts have been accelerated, while some paradoxes emerged. Despite the fact that China was the source of the contagion, it actually managed to get on the other side more powerful economically, thus catalysing trends we thought likely implausible on short and medium term, while for many others the interval proved and remains critical.
Evaluation Of The Implementation Of The Independent Learning Program For The Independent Campus (Mbkm) At The Faculty Of Economics And Business - Bandar Lampung University
Authors: Defrizal  , Narundana Vonny Tiara , Nurdiawansyah Nurdiawansyah , Dharmawan Yanuarius Yanu , Redaputri Appin Purisky
Published: March 2022

The Independent Learning Program – Independent Campus (MBKM) was launched by the Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Anwar Makarim in 2020 in order to prepare university graduates who are tough in facing change. The Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Bandar Lampung has implemented the MBKM Program, various kinds of problems in its implementation have certainly been experienced and various efforts have also been made so that this program can run well. The study uses the CIPP jenis (context, input, process and product), research data obtained by using a survey with student respondents who have or are currently participating in the program and students who have not participated in the program totaling 441 respondents. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the implementation of MBKM at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Bandar Lampung, seen from the perception of students as the main beneficiaries of the program. The results show that the average context dimension is considered very effective, especially from the statement that MBKM activities are very important to face the real world of work, while from the average input dimension it is considered very effective, especially the statement that the study program has facilitated the choice of MBKM activities that can be followed. by students and credit recognition for MBKM activities that are followed is appropriate. So it can be concluded that the MBKM program is appropriate to be implemented in universities to prepare college graduates who are ready to face the world of work, and universities have also facilitated as well as possible.
LITERASI WAKAF TUNAI UNTUK MEMAJUKAN EKONOMI UMAT ISLAM
Authors: Hafizd Jefik Zulfikar , Khoirudin Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Wakaf tunai/uang mempunyai peranan besar dalam menciptakan berbagai program pemberdayaan masyarakat di Indonesia. Dorongan berbagai pihak meliputi pemerintah, tokoh agama, dan seluruh masyarakat perlu dilakukan untuk memberdayakan masyrakat. Fokus program pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) yang penulis lakukan adalah mendukung pengembangan wakaf tunai atau wakaf uang di Indonesia melalui peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya wakaf dan kemudahan berwakaf. Adapun tujuan dan manfaat PkM ini adalah untuk melaksanakan salah satu dari tri dharma perguruan tinggi dan untuk membumikan wakaf tunai di kalangan jamaah masjid. PkM dilakukan dengan metode sosialisasi atau ceramah kepada jamaah Masjid Al-Munawwaroh Kelurahan Karyamulya Kecamatan Kesambi Kota Cirebon. Sebagian besar jamaah belum memahami tentang wakaf tunai karena jarangnya kajian tentang tema tersebut. Proses PkM melalui beberapa kegiatan yakni observasi lapangan, komunikasi dengan Ketua DKM, sosialisasi/ceramah, dan diskusi tanya jawab. Hasil PkM ini adalah peningkatan pemahaman jamaah mengenai pentingnya wakaf tunai dan mudahnya mengamalkan wakaf di era digital. Evaluasi kegiatan adalah kegiatan sosialisasi wakaf tunai perlu dilakukan dengan durasi lebih lama sehingga hasil yang diperoleh bisa lebih maksimal. Sosialisasi kepada masyarakat mengenai wakaf tunai hendaknya dilakukan secara rutin di berbagai tempat sebagai bentuk ikhtiar dalam membumikan wakaf tunai untuk kemaslahatan umat Islam.
Microstructure-Property Control in Functional Materials by Multilayer Design
Authors: Cancellieri Claudia , Lorenzin Giacomo , Jeurgens Lars P.H.
Published: March 2022

Smart microstructure and interface design in nanomultilayers allows to tailor physical properties like thermal stability, thermal conductivity and directional metal outflow for targeted applications. In this work, selected examples of nanomultilayer systems, constituted of alternating nanolayers of metals and/or nitrides, as precisely fabricated with variable textures, microstructures, grain sizes and internal stresses are presented. The role of the microstructure and stress state on selected functional properties is shown.
Tailoring Fibre Structure Enabled by X-ray Analytics for Targeted Biomedical Applications
Authors: Schoeller Jean , Avaro Jonathan T. , Maurya Anjani K. , Rossi René M. , Neels Antonia
Published: March 2022

The rising interest in designing fibres via spinning techniques combining the properties of various polymeric materials into advanced functionalised materials is directed towards targeted biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wearable sensors or tissue engineering. Understanding how these functional polymers exhibit multiscale structures ranging from the molecular level to nano-, micro-and millimetre scale is a key prerequisite for their challenging applications that can be addressed by a non-destructive X-ray based analytical approach. X-ray multimodalities combining X-ray imaging, scattering and diffraction allow the study of morphology, molecular structure, and the analysis of nano-domain size and shape, crystallinity and preferential orientation in 3D arrangements. The incorporation of X-ray analytics in the design process of polymeric fibers via their nanostructure under non-ambient conditions (i.e. temperature, mechanical load, humidity…) allows for efficient optimization of the fabrication process as well as quality control along the product lifetime under operating environmental conditions. Here, we demonstrate the successful collaboration between the laboratory of Biomimetic Textiles and Membranes and the Center of X-ray Analytics at Empa for the design, characterisation and optimisation of advanced functionalised polymeric fibrous material systems.
Young people’s political participation in the digital environment
Authors: Grishaeva S. A. , Shamaev P. A.
Published: March 2022

Much of the time today's young people spend on the Internet, communicating with friends, receiving educational services, making online purchases. Such an important part of public life as political activity is no exception. The article is devoted to studying the opportunities and barriers of young people’s political participation in a digitalisation, to describing the different forms of this participation in the digital environment, and identifying the young people’s interest level in different forms of political participation online. The research paper carries out a content analysis of different ways of political participation: online flash mobs, Internet voting, platforms for collecting signatures, personal blogs, politically oriented communities, publications by popular bloggers. The content analysis data were supplemented by the questionnaire survey results of young people – active Internet users. The political participation modes were compared with each other in terms of their relevance to young people, including in the context of the using safety one mode or another. The research results provides an opportunity to designate the problem and significantly speed up the process of solving it, and will make it possible to considerably simplify the young people’s entry process into the political system through digital technologies.
Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities of Anthraquinones Derived from Marine Fungi: A Comprehensive Update
Authors: Sebak Mohamed , Molham Fatma , Tammam Mohamed A. , El-Demerdash Amr
Published: March 2022

Marine microorganisms took excessive attention as prolific producers of structurally unique secondary metabolites, offering a promising potential as substitutes or conjugates for the current therapeutics. Given the fact that various fungal species have the potential to produce secondary metabolites, only a small share of bioactive natural products have been identified from marine microorganisms thus far, we are confident that existing research has only scratched the surface in terms of secondary metabolites diversity and potential industrial applications. Anthraquinones derived from filamentous fungi are a distinct large group of polyketides containing compounds of the quinone family which feature a common 9,10-dioxoanthracene core. A considerable number of reported anthraquinones and their derivatives have shown tremendous biological activities as well as highly economical, commercial, and biomedical potentialities such as anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Accordingly, and in this context, this review comprehensively covers the state-of-art over 20 years about 208 structurally diverse anthraquinones and their derivatives isolated from different species of marine-derived fungal genera along with their reported bioactivity wherever applicable. Also, in this manuscript, we will present recent insights centred on their biosynthetic routes.
Evaluating new blends of HFE-7100 iodine α-naphthoflavone sprays for fingermark development
Authors: Clarke Kristen , Krosch Matthew , Martinez Antonio , Gee William
Published: March 2022

A global phase-out of the hydrochlorofluorocarbon solvent AK-225 (HCFC-225), a carrier solvent used in certain all-in-one iodine solutions, has mandated a reassessment of HFE-7100 as an alternate carrier solvent. Direct substitution of AK-225 for HFE-7100 failed owing to incompatible solubility, prompting evaluation of blends containing both heptane and dichloromethane. This evaluation of heterogenous formulations of HFE-7100 has yielded a new iodine solution, a modified α-naphthoflavone fixing solution, and an all-in-one iodine developer solution with stability of ~4 hours. The all-in-one blended HFE-7100 spray reagent delivers approximately equivalent fingermark development to the AK-225 all-in-one developer on gyprock, tile, and plastic surfaces in preliminary trials. Sequentially applying HFE-7100 iodine solution, followed by α-naphthoflavone solution, allowed for clear development of fingermarks on paper surfaces. This work outlines alternate HFE-based developers as a stopgap measure in light of the current phase-down of HFC solvents in Australia, and elsewhere, and also provides an updated assignment of the chromophore produced by the iodine-naphthoflavone reaction that is supported by mass spectrometry evidence.
Kualitas Perairan Sungai Sadar Berdasarkan Indeks Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos dan Kadar Logam Berat (Pb) di Kabupaten Mojokerto.
Authors: Purba Nurmaida Claudia , Fitrihidajati Herlina
Published: March 2022

Sungai Sadar adalah salah satu sungai di Kabupaten Mojokerto. Berdasarkan kondisi topografi, sungai ini terdapat di area industri pabrik plastik, perumahan masyarakat, serta pertanian. Limbah industri plastik di area tersebut mengandung logam berat timbal (Pb) yang bersifat toksik, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas perairan dan persebaran hewan akuatik seperti Makrozoobentos. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas perairan sungai Sadar berdasarkan parameter fisika dan kimia, jenis-jenis Makrozoobentos, kadar logam berat (Pb) yang terdapat di air, sedimen, makrozoobentos, dan Indeks Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos (H). Pengukuran kualitas perairan berdasarkan Standar Baku Mutu yang mengacu pada PP RI No. 82 Tahun 2001, Identifikasi Makrozoobentos menggunakan Jurnal Zoo Indonesia dan Buku Zoologi Invertebrata (2019). Pengujian logam (Pb) pada sampel air, sedimen, dan makrozoobentos menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) yang selanjutnya mengacu SNI 7387:2009 tentang kandungan logam berat, Indeks Keanekaragaman ditinjau berdasarkan Indeks Shannon-Winner. Analisis data secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perairan sungai Sadar masih sesuai dengan standar baku mutu menurut PP No. 82 Tahun 2001. Terdapat 8 jenis makrozoobentos yang ditemukan di sungai Sadar yaitu Achatina fulica, Helix pomatia, Pomaceacanalicuta Lamarck, Melanoides olivier, Potamonautidae, Pilsbryoconcha exilis, Pilla ampullaceae, Filopaludina javanica. Rerata kadar Pb di air pada ketiga stasiun dibawah baku mutu sesuai SNI 7387:2009 sebesar 0,03mg/L. Rerata kadar Pb di sedimen pada ketiga stasiun dibawah baku mutu sesuai SNI 7387:2009 sebesar 17mg/Kg. Rerata kadar Pb pada Makrozoobentos di ketiga stasiun diatas baku mutu sesuai SNI 7387:2009 sebesar 0,03mg/L. Adapun Indeks Keanekaragaman Makroozoobentos berdasarkan Shannon-Winner pada stasiun 1,2, dan 3 tergolong sedang (1 â‰¤ Hâ‰¤ 3).
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gliserol dalam Pengencer Tris-Soya terhadap Motilitas Spermatozoa Kambing Boer Sebelum dan Sesudah Pembekuan
Authors: Rozi M. Fadhil Fahrur , Ducha Nur
Published: March 2022

Dalam proses pembekuan spermatoza diperlukan tambahan pengencer yang mengandung krioprotektan ekstraseluler dan intraseluler. Gliserol merupakan krioprotektan intraseluler yang dapat berdifusi ke dalam sel spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi gliserol terbaik dalam pengencer tris-citric-acid soya terhadap motilitas spermatozoa kambing Boer sebelum dan sesudah pembekuan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan motilitas spermatozoa sebelum pembekuan dan sesudah pembekuan. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak lengkap (RAL) dengan lima perlakuan konsentrasi gliserol (0%, 5%, 6%,7%, 8%) dan empat pengulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Anava satu arah dan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi gliserol 7% memiliki nilai motilitas sebelum pembekuan terbaik sebesar 67.50+3.79% dan sesudah pembekuan sebesar 42.50+1.67%. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan konsentrasi gliserol 7% dalam pengencer tris-citric-acid soya dapat mempertahankan motilitas spermatozoa kambing Boer yang disimpan dalam nitrogen cair dan merupakan konsentrasi terbaik.
Hubungan Kepadatan Cacing Tanah dengan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) pada Lahan Tercemar di Surabaya Timur
Authors: Nabila Lala , Budijastuti Widowati
Published: March 2022

Wilayah Surabaya Timur merupakan kawasan yang saat ini menjadi pusat urbanisasi. Kota Surabaya dengan tingkat pencemaran yang tinggi akibat padatnya aktivitas kendaraan bermotor yang diketahui sebagai penyumbang logam berat timbal (Pb) di alam. Dampak pencemaran Pb dalam tanah berimbas kepada organisme yang hidup di dalamnya seperti cacing tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan kepadatan cacing tanah dengan adanya kandungan logam berat Pb dalam tanah di Surabaya Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi dengan pengambilan sampel pada tiga stasiun di Surabaya Timur. Pengambilan sampel cacing tanah menggunakan metode hand sorting kemudian diidentifikasi sampai tingkatan spesies. Parameter fisik dan kimia yang diamati yaitu pH, suhu, kelembapan, dan kandungan Pb dalam tanah. Perhitungan kepadatan cacing tanah menggunakan rumus kepadatan, kemudian hubungan antara kepadatan dan kandungan Pb dalam tanah dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenis cacing tanah yang ditemukan di lahan tercemar Surabaya Timur yaitu, Metaphire javanica, Metaphire posthuma, dan Amynthas robustus. Kandungan logam berat Pb pada lahan tercemar Surabaya Timur berkisar antara 3,24 ± 3,83 mg/kg - 61,68 ± 32,91 mg/kg. Terdapat hubungan antara kepadatan cacing tanah dengan kandungan logam berat Pb, yaitu semakin tinggi kadar logam Pb maka semakin tinggi pula kepadatan cacing tanah. Diketahui bahwa cacing tanah resisten terhadap logam berat Pb dan memiliki potensi sebagai bioindikator lingkungan yang tercemar oleh logam berat.
Uji Antagonis Bacillus subtilis dan Bacillus megaterium terhadap Pertumbuhan Cercospora sp yang Diisolasi dari Nepenthes sp.
Authors: Rochmawati Zuni Nur , Trimulyono Guntur
Published: March 2022

Cercospora sp. merupakan jamur penyebab penyakit pada tanaman salah satunya pada Nepenthes. Pengendalian secara umum yang dilakukan untuk megurangi penyebaran penyakit ini dengan menggunakan fungisida sintetis. Bacillus subtilis dan Bacillus megaterium merupakan bakteri antagonis yang bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai agensia pengendali fitopatogen. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yakni untuk menganalisis kemampuan antagonis Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium dan kombinasinya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Cercospora sp. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi FMIPA Unesa pada bulan Februari April 2020. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan eksperimental dengan 5 perlakuan meliputi kontrol negatif, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, kombinasi B. subtilis dan B. megaterium serta kontrol positif Mancozeb.Pengujian antagonis terhadap jamur Cercospora sp. dilakukan dengan metode sumuran. Analisis data hasil penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur dilakukan dengan  ANOVA satu arah lalu uji Duncan.  Jamur Cercospora sp. diisolasi dari tanaman Nepenthes sp. yang menunjukkan gejala bintik merah. Jamur tersebut memiliki ciri morfologi koloni berbentuk melingkar dan bergelombang, berwarna putih, miselia seperti kapas, serta memiliki hifa dan konidia bersekat. Pemberian perlakuan B. subtilis, B. megaterium dan kombinasi menunjukkan kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Cercospora sp. dengan nilai persentase hambatan masing-masing sebesar 17.234 ± 8.085%, 17.714 ± 8.180%, dan 14.770 ± 11.245%. Bakteri B. subtilis dan B. megaterium mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Cercospora sp. yang diisolasi dari Nepenthes sp.
Potensi Tumbuhan Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm.F), Kamboja kuning (Plumeria alba), Daun Encok (Plumbago zeylanica) sebagai Absorben Timbal (Pb) di Udara
Authors: Yuniantara Herdina Permatha , Kuntjoro Sunu
Published: March 2022

Pencemaran udara disebabkan oleh tingginya jumlah kendaraan bermotor. Tingginya jumlah kendaraan bermotor akan menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas udara bersih di perkotaan. Hasil emisi kendaraan bermotor berupa Timbal (Pb). Tumbuhan Gandrusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm.F.), Kamboja Kuning (Plumeria alba) dam Daun Encok (Plumbago zeylanica) dapat dijadikan absorben timbal (Pb) di udara. Penelitian ini dengan tujuan mengetahui jumlah kadar timbal dalam tumbuhan Justicia gendarussa Burm.F., Plumeria alba dan Plumbago zeylanica yang terpapar gas buangan kendaraan dan untuk mengkaji hubungan pengaruh kadar klorofil dengan kadar timbal pada daun Justicia gendarussa Burm.F., Plumeria alba, Plumbago zeylanica. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengukur kadar Timbal menggunakan metode AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry), dan mengukur kadar klorofil menggunakan spektrofotometri dengan panjang gelombang 665 nm dan 649 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tumbuhan gandarusa, kamboja kuning dan daun encok berpotensi menjadi absorben timbal di udara yang memiliki kadar nilai mulai yang tinggi ke rendah yaitu daun Encok dengan kadar Pb 1,032 ppm; Gandarusa sebanyak 0,891 ppm dan Kamboja kuning 0,748 ppm. Kadar klorofil dari nilai tinggi ke rendah yakni Daun kamboja kuning sebanyak 1,075 mg/L; Daun encok sebanyak 1,030 mg/L dan Gandarusa 0,964 mg/L. Kadar klorofil pada tumbuhan gandarusa, kamboja kuning dan daun encok tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kadar timbal yang di absorbsi pada daun gandarusa, kamboja kuning dan daun encok.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru Menggunakan Zoom Meeting untuk Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Caswita Caswita
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang Masalah yang dikemukakan dalam penelitian adalah rendahnya kompetensi guru dalam menggunakan aplikasi zoom meeting untuk pembelajaran jarak jauh dalam melaksanakan kebijakan pembelajaran pada masa pandemik Covid-19. Sementara itu tugas guru salah satunya adalah melaksanakan pembelajaran kreatif dan inovatif agar tercapai tujuan pembelajaran secara maksimal dalam kondisi apapun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru menggunakan aplikasi zoom meeting dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh melalui IHT di SDN 1 Tanjung Kec. Kawalu Kota Tasikmalaya tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan Pre Experimental Design jenis The One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pretest kompetensi guru mencapai mencapai 50% dari sebelumnya hasil observasi awal hanya sebanyak 30% yang masuk kategori kompeten. Sedangkan pada saat posttest mencapai 70% guru yang kompeten dengan demikian telah mencapai indikator keberhasilan penelitian yaitu 70% dari keseluruhan guru. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa kompetensi menggunakan aplikasi zoom meeting untuk pembelajaran jarak jauh di SDN 1 Tanjung Kec. Kawalu Kota Tasikmalaya dapat ditingkatkan melalui treatment In House Training (IHT).
La Web 3.0, redes sociales y la Educación Superior
Authors: Suasnabas Pacheco Lenin Stalin , Carranco Madrid Soraya , Villacres Fernández Francisco Alejandro , López Solís Sandra Carolina , Cruz Villegas Janeth Aurora , Ordóñez García Jorge Enrique
Published: March 2022

Ciertamente, la Humanidad ha vivido un cambio trascendental en las formas y medios de las relaciones sociales y personales en los últimos cuarenta años. La transformación constituye una de esas “revoluciones que nadie soñó” a las que se refiere el sociólogo chileno Fernando Mires (Mires, 2000), que ocurrieron a finales del siglo XX y que hoy ya caracterizan el nuevo siglo y hasta quizás también el nuevo milenio. Los cambios radicales en la tecnología han sido acompañados y posiblementepotenciados por ella. No todo es tecnología, equipos y software. El propio ser humano ha tenido que ir adaptándose, al mismo tiempo que impulsa estas transformaciones. El gran cambio, implicado en la generalización del uso de las llamadas Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación, fue previsto por varios pensadores y visionarios, ya desde la penúltima década del siglo XX, haciendo aportes para al menos pensar en medio de la vorágine y las incertidumbres de estos cambios tan rápidos y violentos. Pero el ritmo de los avances ha sorprendido a esos mismos estudiosos, aparte de que se han presentado circunstancias imprevistas que han acelerado los cambios. La más significativa: la pandemia de la COVID 19, un verdadero reto a la ciencia, a las sociedades, a los Estados y a sus economías.
O Controle Estatístico de Processos como Ferramenta para Controle e Prevenção de Epidemias de Malária na Região da Amazônia Legal
Authors: SENA José Guilherme Santana de , FERREIRA Paulo Henrique , FIACCONE Rosemeire Leovigildo
Published: March 2022

A malária ainda é uma doença fatal em muitos países ao redor do mundo. Estabelecer medidas de controle e prevenção dessa doença é uma preocupação mundial desde 1950, quando a Organização Mundial da Saúde lançou um Plano de Erradicação da Malária. No Brasil, a malária foi eliminada em grande parte do território, porém resistindo em uma área conhecida como Amazônia Legal. Posto isto, o escopo principal deste trabalho consiste em desenvolver gráficos de controle estatístico que considerem a estrutura de dependência temporal existente nos dados e sejam adequados para o monitoramento atual e futuro dos casos de malária, com o intuito de detectar possíveis surtos ou epidemias em estados da região da Amazônia Legal. As ferramentas aqui apresentadas poderiam, ainda, colaborar no direcionamento das ações de controle e no combate à propagação da doença. Em particular, pretende-se: (i) construir um modelo estatístico para previsão de ocorrências de casos da doença, o qual considere a existência de uma possível estrutura de dependência temporal entre os dados coletados; (ii) utilizar as técnicas de Controle Estatístico de Processos (CEP), notadamente os gráficos de controle, para monitorar (separadamente para cada forma da doença) os casos de malária dos tipos Plasmodium Vivax, Plasmodium Falciparum e Plasmodium Mista na região amazônica; (iii) estabelecer limiares epidêmicos com base nos gráficos de controle obtidos. Considerando dados de 2013 a 2017, o presente estudo revelou, dentre outros, que os modelos generalizados autorregressivos e de médias móveis com distribuição Binomial Negativa (modelos GARMA Binomial Negativo) se mostraram mais eficientes, ajustando-se melhor, comparativamente aos modelos GARMA Poisson, devido à superdispersão existente nos dados analisados.
EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN LUNG CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: MANNARINO Vera Lucia , BONIOLI Gisele Cazale , NASCIMENTO Emilia Matos do , PEREIRA Basilio de Bragança , MELLO Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz , PASCHOAL Marcos Eduardo Machado
Published: March 2022

There is a growing need to improve end-of-life care in cancer patients and to evaluate it through questionnaires is an important tool to assess its results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the palliative care in the quality of life, distressing symptoms and functional capacity of patients with primary lung cancer with locally advanced disease and metastatic disease in a university hospital. Thirty patients with lung cancer, previously treated with curative intention and submitted to a palliative treatment, were enrolled for this study. They were divided into three groups. The first group had 10 patients, who lived between 30 and 59 days after admittance, the second, 10 patients who lived between 60 and 89 days and the third, 10 patients who lived 90 days or more. Data collection regarding five stressing symptoms: anorexia, dyspnea, pain, fatigue, hemoptysis, and cough, was performed according to Lung Cancer Symptom Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status Scale. By observational inspection, “Appetite” and “Karnofsky Performance Status Scale”, improved; “pain" worsened and "quality of life" improved after palliative care, according to the patients. Physical, psychological, spiritual and social factors influence the symptoms of patients with cancer in later life. Treatment by palliative care can provide comfort for these patients.
Shared Value in Sustainable Business Operations in Colombia and the Role of the Extracting Industries
Authors: Gualaco Giovanni
Published: March 2022

The aim of this investigation is to provide an analysis of how the extracting industries can assess total value added, when thinking of the possibility of upgrading their high carbon footprint business operations to sustainable/neutral ones in Colombia. The analysis first reviews different political, social, and economic positions that exist in respect of high carbon footprint operations in Colombia. It then relates how value added can be assessed in the attempt of upgrading to sustainable operations. The second part is an exploration of the concept of corporate shared value to understand how companies can reconceive their products, redefine their productivity chain, reinforce clusters to create value in communities and their products. The last part of the analysis is to examine the drawbacks that the extracting industries could face in the process of upgrading their business operations to low carbon ones. This research paper intends to help the extracting industry understand their role in transforming society, and how they can assess the business and social implications of thinking and acting sustainably.