bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between daily gait speed patterns and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Seo Kanako , Takayanagi Naoto , Sudo Motoki , Yamashiro Yukari , Chiba Ippei , Makino Keitaro , Lee Sangyoon , Niki Yoshifumi , Shimada Hiroyuki
Published: February 2023

Gait speed over a short distance is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. Recently, daily gait speed has been assessed using accelerometers. However, because daily gait speed is only weakly correlation with gait speed over a short distance, its association with cognitive impairment needs to be investigated. The present study compared the daily gait speed patterns of normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and general cognitive impairment (GCI) subjects measured every 3 h for two weeks using accelerometers. A total of 1959 participants were classified into the NC (N = 1519), MCI (N = 353), and GCI groups (N = 87). The results showed that the average daily gait speed of the GCI group was significantly lower than that of the NC group (p = 0.03). Furthermore, the average daily gait speeds of the MCI and NC groups were the same. However, the average daily gait speed of the MCI group during a specific time (12–15 o'clock) was significantly lower than that of the NC group (p < 0.01). These results suggest that changes in daily patterns may be detected by measuring daily gait speed, which depends on the degree of cognitive function.
Phytohormones regulate the non-redundant response of ω-3 fatty acid desaturases to low temperatures in Chorispora bungeana
Authors: Shi Yulan , Yang Sizhong , Zhao Zhixing , An Lizhe
Published: February 2023

To explore the contributions of ω-3 fatty acid desaturases (FADs) to cold stress response in a special cryophyte, Chorispora bungeana, two plastidial ω-3 desaturase genes (CbFAD7, CbFAD8) were cloned and verified in an Arabidopsis fad7fad8 mutant, before being compared with the microsomal ω-3 desaturase gene (CbFAD3). Though these genes were expressed in all tested tissues of C. bungeana, CbFAD7 and CbFAD8 have the highest expression in leaves, while CbFAD3 was mostly expressed in suspension-cultured cells. Low temperatures resulted in significant increases in trienoic fatty acids (TAs), corresponding to the cooperation of CbFAD3 and CbFAD8 in cultured cells, and the coordination of CbFAD7 and CbFAD8 in leaves. Furthermore, the cold induction of CbFAD8 in the two systems were increased with decreasing temperature and independently contributed to TAs accumulation at subfreezing temperature. A series of experiments revealed that jasmonie acid and brassinosteroids participated in the cold-responsive expression of ω-3 CbFAD genes in both C. bungeana cells and leaves, while the phytohormone regulation in leaves was complex with the participation of abscisic acid and gibberellin. These results point to the hormone-regulated non-redundant contributions of ω-3 CbFADs to maintain appropriate level of TAs under low temperatures, which help C. bungeana survive in cold environments.
Coordinate value of the femoral head center estimated using those of the tip of the greater trochanter and lesser trochanter
Authors: Imai Norio , Kimura Keishi , Sakagami Atsushi , Nozaki Asami , Horigome Yoji , Suzuki Hayato
Published: February 2023

Several studies have reported estimating the femoral head center (FC) from reference points on the pelvis; however, none have reported estimates obtained from those on the femur. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the estimated point of FC from the coordinate value of the tip of the greater trochanter (GT) and lesser trochanter (LT) using a formula with a three-dimensional measurement technique. We used data from 92 healthy Japanese subjects without any back or knee symptoms and no abnormalities in the hip, knee, or spine on plain radiographs. In our study, the difference in the anteroposterior direction was larger than that in the other directions. We speculate that the accuracy of defining the tip of the LT is difficult in the anteroposterior direction. Moreover, the correlation coefficients were larger for women. The reason for this was unclear because the variation in the proximal femur may be similar in women. We found that the average difference between the actual and calculated values was approximately 2 mm. We considered that the coordinate value of the FC from the tip of the GT could be estimated more accurately using the regression equation compared to previous methods based on pelvic reference points.
AKT/mTOR signaling modulates resistance to endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibition in metastatic breast cancers
Authors: Abu-Khalaf Maysa M. , Alex Hodge K. , Hatzis Christos , Baldelli Elisa , El Gazzah Emna , Valdes Frances , Sikov William M. , Mita Monica M. , Denduluri Neelima , Murphy Rita , Zelterman Daniel , Liotta Lance , Dunetz Bryant , Dunetz Rick , Petricoin Emanuel F. , Pierobon Mariaelena
Published: February 2023

Endocrine therapy (ET) in combination with CDK4/6 inhibition is routinely used as first-line treatment for HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. However, 30–40% of patients quickly develop disease progression. In this open-label multicenter clinical trial, we utilized a hypothesis-driven protein/phosphoprotein-based approach to identify predictive markers of response to ET plus CDK4/6 inhibition in pre-treatment tissue biopsies. Pathway-centered signaling profiles were generated from microdissected tumor epithelia and surrounding stroma/immune cells using the reverse phase protein microarray. Phosphorylation levels of the CDK4/6 downstream substrates Rb (S780) and FoxM1 (T600) were higher in patients with progressive disease (PD) compared to responders (p = 0.02). Systemic PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation in tumor epithelia and stroma/immune cells was detected in patients with PD. This activation was not explained by underpinning genomic alterations alone. As the number of FDA-approved targeted compounds increases, functional protein-based signaling analyses may become a critical component of response prediction and treatment selection for MBC patients.
Post-whaling shift in mating tactics in male humpback whales
Authors: Dunlop Rebecca , Frere Celine
Published: February 2023

Recent studies have shown behavioural plasticity in mating strategies can increase a population’s ability to cope with anthropogenic impacts. The eastern Australian humpback whale population was whaled almost to extinction in the 1960s (~200 whales) and has recovered to pre-whaling numbers (>20,000 whales). Using an 18-year dataset, where the population increased from approximately 3,700 to 27,000 whales, we found that as male density increased over time, the use of mating tactics shifted towards more males engaging in non-singing physical competition over singing. Singing was the more successful tactic in earlier post-whaling years whereas non-singing behaviour was the more successful tactic in later years. Together, our study uncovers how changes in both local, and population-level male density resulted in a shift in the frequency, and fitness pay-off, of alternative mating tactics in a wild animal. This individual-level plasticity in male humpback whale mating tactics likely contributed to minimising their risk of extinction following a dramatic change in their social landscape due to whaling.
Cryo-EM structure and function of S. pombe complex IV with bound respiratory supercomplex factor
Authors: Moe Agnes , Ädelroth Pia , Brzezinski Peter , Näsvik Öjemyr Linda
Published: February 2023

Fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe serves as model organism for studying higher eukaryotes. We combined the use of cryo-EM and spectroscopy to investigate the structure and function of affinity purified respiratory complex IV (CIV) from S. pombe. The reaction sequence of the reduced enzyme with O2 proceeds over a time scale of µs-ms, similar to that of the mammalian CIV. The cryo-EM structure of CIV revealed eleven subunits as well as a bound hypoxia-induced gene 1 (Hig1) domain of respiratory supercomplex factor 2 (Rcf2). These results suggest that binding of Rcf2 does not require the presence of a CIII-CIV supercomplex, i.e. Rcf2 is a component of CIV. An AlphaFold-Multimer model suggests that the Hig1 domains of both Rcf1 and Rcf2 bind at the same site of CIV suggesting that their binding is mutually exclusive. Furthermore, the differential functional effect of Rcf1 or Rcf2 is presumably caused by interactions of CIV with their different non-Hig1 domain parts.
On the impact of urbanisation on CO2 emissions
Authors: Luqman Muhammad , Rayner Peter J. , Gurney Kevin R.
Published: February 2023

We use a globally consistent, time-resolved data set of CO2 emission proxies to quantify urban CO2 emissions in 91 cities. We decompose emission trends into contributions from changes in urban extent, population density and per capita emission. We find that urban CO2 emissions are increasing everywhere but that the dominant contributors differ according to development level. A cluster analysis of factors shows that developing countries were dominated by cities with the rapid area and per capita CO2 emissions increases. Cities in the developed world, by contrast, show slow area and per capita CO2 emissions growth. China is an important intermediate case with rapid urban area growth combined with slower per capita CO2 emissions growth. Urban per capita emissions are often lower than their national average for many developed countries, suggesting that urbanisation may reduce overall emissions. However, trends in per capita urban emissions are higher than their national equivalent almost everywhere, suggesting that urbanisation will become a more serious problem in the future. An important exception is China, whose per capita urban emissions are growing more slowly than the national value. We also see a negative correlation between trends in population density and per capita CO2 emissions, highlighting a strong role for densification as a tool to reduce CO2 emissions.
A data-driven approach to rapidly estimate recovery potential to go beyond building damage after disasters
Authors: Loos Sabine , Lallemant David , Khan Feroz , McCaughey Jamie W. , Banick Robert , Budhathoki Nama , Baker Jack W.
Published: February 2023

Following a disaster, crucial decisions about recovery resources often prioritize immediate damage, partly due to a lack of detailed information on who will struggle to recover in the long term. Here, we develop a data-driven approach to provide rapid estimates of non-recovery, or areas with the potential to fall behind during recovery, by relating surveyed data on recovery progress with data that would be readily available in most countries. We demonstrate this approach for one dimension of recovery—housing reconstruction—analyzing data collected five years after the 2015 Nepal earthquake to identify a range of ongoing social and environmental vulnerabilities related to non-recovery in Nepal. If such information were available in 2015, it would have exposed regional differences in recovery potential due to these vulnerabilities. More generally, moving beyond damage data by estimating non-recovery focuses attention on those most vulnerable sooner after a disaster to better support holistic and nuanced decisions.
Long-lived spin-triplet excitons in manganese complexes for room-temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Jung Mi-Hee
Published: February 2023

We demonstrated phosphorescent manganese halides, (TEM)2MnBr4(TEM = HN(CH2CH3)3) and (IM)6[MnBr4][MnBr6] (IM = C3H6N2) as green and red emission materials, respectively.
Pros and cons of wood and pellet stoves for residential heating from an emissions perspective
Authors: Priestley Michael , Kong Xiangrui , Pei Xiangyu , Hammes Julia , Bäckström Daniel , Pathak Ravi K. , Pettersson Jan B. C. , Hallquist Mattias
Published: February 2023

Biomass burning is a growing alternative to fossil fuels for power generation.
Electroactive substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy based on overgrown gold-nanoparticle arrays by electrodeposition on indium tin oxide
Authors: González-Pato Nerea , Rodriguez Xavier Rodriguez , Pellizzi Nicola , Fasolato Claudia , Guasch Judith , Postorino Paolo , Veciana Jaume , Goñi Alejandro R. , Ratera Imma
Published: February 2023

Highly homogeneous and robust SERS conductive surfaces with large gold coverages and small inter-particle distances for a combined electrochemical-SERS investigation to monitor switchable redox molecules and electroactivated interfacial reactions.
On-surface polymerisation and self-assembly of DPP-based molecular wires
Authors: Clarke Michael , Bellamy-Carter Abigail , Malagreca Ferdinando , Hart Jack , Argent Stephen P. , O'Shea James N. , Amabilino David B. , Saywell Alex
Published: February 2023

On-surface synthesis (Ullmann-type coupling) of functionalised DPP monomers on Au(111); STM characterisation reveals alkyl chains drive alignment of molecular wires.
Multi-omics insights into the interplay between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer in the “microworld” age
Authors: Wang An-Jun , Song Dingka , Hong Yue-Mei , Liu Ning-Ning
Published: February 2023

Sample types, multi-omics techniques, data analysis application and experimental validation in multi-omics studies.
Soft landing of polyatomic anions onto three-dimensional semiconductive and conductive substrates
Authors: Gholipour-Ranjbar Habib , Hu Hang , Su Pei , Samayoa Oviedo Hugo Yuset , Gilpin Christopher , Wang Haomin , Zhang Yingying , Laskin Julia
Published: February 2023

Anion penetration into the semiconducting vertically aligned TiO2 nanotubes and conductive vertically aligned carbon nanotubes is examined using soft landing of well-characterized polyoxometalate anions.
High performance multi-purpose nanostructured thin films by inkjet printing: Au micro-electrodes and SERS substrates
Authors: Ricci Simona , Buonomo Marco , Casalini Stefano , Bonacchi Sara , Meneghetti Moreno , Litti Lucio
Published: February 2023

Excellent performances in SERS and electronics are obtained for a series of replicates of Au nanoparticle inkjet-printed nanostructured substrates.
Gold–nickel phosphide heterostructures for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production from real seawater
Authors: Wang Wei , Luo Qiang , Li Jinyang , Li Yunhong , Li Linqian , Huo Xiaobing , Du Xiwen , Wang Ning
Published: February 2023

A reusable Au plasmon-mediated Ni5P4heterojunction is developed for direct H2O2photosynthesis from earth-abundant seawater, ensuring a remarkable solar-to-H2O2conversion efficiency of 0.29%.
Sulfur–oleylamine copolymer synthesizedviainverse vulcanization for the selective recovery of copper from lithium-ion battery E-waste
Authors: Ashoka Sahadevan Suchithra , Xiao Xiong , Ma Yiqian , Forsberg Kerstin , Olsson Richard T. , Gardner James M.
Published: February 2023

A novel sulfur–oleylamine copolymer as a promising sorbent to selectively recover Cu2+ions from a mixture of metal ions in acidic pH and its potential applications in battery recycling.
Synthesis of tetrahydrochromenes and dihydronaphthofurans via a cascade process of [3 + 3] and [3 + 2] annulation reactions: mechanistic insight for 6-endo-trig and 5-exo-trig cyclisation
Authors: Reddy Yeruva Pavankumar , Srinivasadesikan V. , Balamurugan Rengarajan , Lin M. C. , Anwar Shaik
Published: February 2023

A [3 + 3] and [3 + 2] annulation strategy using nitrostyrene derived MBH primary and secondary nitro allylic acetate for the construction of tetrahydrochromenes and dihydronaphthofurans at room temperature.
Tuning the LiF content in the SEI by engineering the molecular structures of porous organic polymers for solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zhou Shi , Zhu Yiting , Hu Haoran , Li Chenghan , Jiang Jie , Huang Jianyu , Zhang Biao
Published: February 2023

LiF, which is considered as a key component of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI), can promote the uniform deposition of lithium.
Polymerization-induced emission (PIE) of multifunctional polyamides synthesized by Ugi polymerization and targeted imaging of lysosomes
Authors: Meng Xue , Hao Tingting , Zhang Da , Zhao Ronghui , Liu Hongmei , Zhang Pengfei , Deng Kuilin
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a series of polyamide derivatives (PAMs) containing morpholine groups were prepared by Ugi polymerization from dialdehyde, diacid, N-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine and isonitrile compounds as novel multi-responsive fluorescent sensors.
A chemically robust amine-grafted Zn(ii)-based smart supramolecular gel as a regenerative platform for trace discrimination of nitro-antibiotics and assorted environmental toxins
Authors: Saha Ekata , Chhetri Ashis , Venugopal Pushyaraga P. , Chakraborty Debashree , Mitra Joyee
Published: February 2023

Chemically robust Zn(ii) supramolecular gel assembled with strategically appended triazole –NH2moieties has been utilized as a recyclable, multisensory probe to detect assorted environmental pollutants.
Elongation and plasmonic activity of embedded metal nanoparticles following heavy ion irradiation
Authors: Korkos Spyridon , Arstila Kai , Tapio Kosti , Kinnunen Sami , Toppari J. Jussi , Sajavaara Timo
Published: February 2023

Shape modification of embedded nanoparticles by swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation is an effective way to produce nanostructures with controlled size, shape, and orientation.
Designing for dopability in semiconducting AgInTe2
Authors: Meschke Vanessa , Gomes Lídia Carvalho , Adamczyk Jesse M. , Ciesielski Kamil M. , Crawford Caitlin M. , Vinton Haley , Ertekin Elif , Toberer Eric S.
Published: February 2023

Successful dopability in AgInTe2 requires careful navigation of the compensating intrinsic defects to maximize dopant solubility and efficiency.
Clinician Perspectives of Telehealth Pre–COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Metasynthesis
Authors: Douglass Hannah , Lowman Joneen , Causey-Upton Renee
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to describe clinicians' attitudes and beliefs about telehealth prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and establish a baseline measure for change.

Method:

This study is a qualitative systematic review and metasynthesis, using the Enhanced Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research guideline. Seven databases were searched. Studies were included if they used interviews or focus groups, included at least one or more rehabilitation professions in the sample, and addressed attitudes toward telehealth as a service delivery model.

Results:

Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and coded by the first author using thematic synthesis. Six primary themes were formed: (a) constant comparison of telehealth with in-person guides attitude and acceptance, (b) telehealth presents barriers and opportunities for communication, (c) lack of telehealth education and training impacts clinician confidence, (d) the flexibility of telehealth changes service delivery options and access for patients, (e) the telehealth environment creates challenges with safety and engagement, and (f) technical components and support are influential to the telehealth delivery process.

Discussion:

This study provides evidence that clinician perceptions of telehealth are similar across disciplines within rehabilitation and other allied health fields. Views were generally positive. However, less experienced clinicians were more likely to have reservations about telehealth, indicating a need for more education and training. Clinical, research, and educational implications are discussed. It is recommended that these themes be utilized to support methods for increasing clinician acceptance of telehealth and achieving sustainable telehealth programs. The overall strength of the recommendation is moderate.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21992576
Impedance learning adaptive super‐twisting control of a robotic exoskeleton for physical human‐robot interaction
Authors: Brahmi Brahim , Rahman Mohammad Habibur , Saad Maarouf
Published: February 2023

This study addresses two issues about the interaction of the upper limb rehabilitation robot with individuals who have disabilities. The first step is to estimate the human's target position (also known as TPH). The second step is to develop a robust adaptive impedance control mechanism. A novel Non‐singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control combined with an adaptive super‐twisting controller is being developed to achieve this goal. This combination's purpose is to provide high reliability, continuous performance tracking of the system's trajectories. The proposed adaptive control strategy reduces matched dynamic uncertainty while also lowering chattering, which is the sliding mode's most glaring issue. The proposed TPH is coupled with adaptive impedance control with the use of a Radial Basis Function Neural Network, which allows a robotic exoskeleton to simply track the desired impedance model. To validate the approach in real‐time, an exoskeleton robot was deployed in controlled experimental circumstances. A comparison study has been set up to show how the adaptive impedance approach proposed is better than other traditional controllers.
Imaging of the internal structure of an asteroid analogue from quasi-monostatic microwave measurement data
Authors: Sorsa Liisa-Ida , Yusuf Yusuf Oluwatoki , Dufaure Astrid , Geffrin Jean-Michel , Eyraud Christelle , Pursiainen Sampsa
Published: February 2023

Context.The internal structures of small solar system bodies (SSSBs) are still poorly understood. In this paper, we find an experimental tomographic reconstruction of coarse high-contrast details inside a complex-structured target object using multipoint full-wave radar data.

Aims.Our aim is to advance the development of inversion techniques to be used in potential planetary scientific radar investigations targeting SSSBs, which have complex shapes and whose internal structure is largely unknown. Finding out the structure is an important scientific objective of Solar System research in order to understand its history and evolution.

Methods.This is the second part (Paper II) of a joint study considering the methods to analyse and invert quasi-monostatic microwave measurement data of an asteroid analogue. We focused on incorporating advanced, full-wave, forward simulation in time domain with experimental data obtained from multiple measurement points. In particular, this study investigates multiple scattering and multipath effect suppression (MES) to reduce artefacts in the reconstructions. MES is necessary since the high-contrast and complex-shaped target and, especially, its back wall in high curvature regions cause intense reflections that deteriorate the reconstruction quality if not treated correctly. We considered the following two approaches to obtain MES: (i) geometrical optics-based pathlength thresholding and (ii) a peak detection method to investigate whether a data-driven approach could be used. At the inversion stage, we investigated marginalisation of random effects due to modelling by splitting a larger point set into several sparse sets of measurements.

Results.Based on the results, MES is crucial to localise a void inside the complex analogue target. A reconstruction can be found when the maximum signal propagation time approximately matches that of the first back-wall echo for each measurement point. The marginalisation approach allows us to find a reconstruction that is comparable in quality to the case of full data, while reducing the computation effort per subsystem, which is advantageous when inverting a large data set.
Improved precision of radial velocity measurements after correction for telluric absorption
Authors: Ivanova A. , Lallement R. , Bertaux J.-L.
Published: February 2023

Context. The detection of planets around other stars by measurement of stellar radial velocity (RV) variations benefits from improvements to dedicated spectrographs that can lead to the achievement of a precision of 1 m s−1 or better. Spectral intervals within which stellar lines are contaminated by telluric lines are classically excluded from the RV processing.

Aims. We aim to estimate the potential improvement of the precision of radial velocity measurements from telluric-absorption removal and subsequent extension of the useful spectral domain.

Methods. We developed a correction method based on the online web service TAPAS that allows a synthetic atmospheric transmission spectrum to be determined for the time and location of observations. This method was applied to telluric H2O and O2 absorption removal from a series of 200 consecutive ESPRESSO exposures of the K2.5V star HD40307 available in ESO archives. We calculated the radial velocity using the standard cross-correlation function (CCF) method and Gaussian fit of the CCF, with uncorrected spectra and the ESPRESSO standard stellar binary mask on one hand, and telluric-corrected spectra and an augmented binary mask with 696 additional lines on the other.

Results. We find that the precision of radial velocity measurements is improved in the second case, with a reduction of the average formal error from 1.04 m s−1 down to 0.78 m s−1 in the case of these ESPRESSO data and this stellar type for the red arm. Using an estimator of the minimal error based on the photon noise limit applied to the full CCF, the error is reduced from 0.89 m s−1 down to 0.78 m s−1. This corresponds to a significant decrease (by about 35%) in the observing time required to reach the same precision in the red part.
Temporal albedo variability in the phase curve of KELT-1b
Authors: Parviainen H.
Published: February 2023

The dayside brightness spectrum of a highly irradiated transiting brown dwarf KELT-1b is challenging to explain based on current brown dwarf atmosphere models. The spectrum has been measured from observations spanning ten years and covering high-precision secondary eclipses and phase curves from space in blue-visible (CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite, CHEOPS), red-visible (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, TESS), and near-infrared (Spitzer), as well as secondary eclipse observations in near-infrared from the ground. First, the dayside of KELT-1b was observed to be brighter in the TESS passband than expected, based on earlier near-infrared phase curve observations with Spitzer, and, recently, the dayside was observed to be extremely dark in the CHEOPS passband. While several theories have been proposed to reconcile the discrepancy between the TESS and Spitzer bands, explaining the difference between the largely overlapping CHEOPS and TESS bands has proven more difficult. In this work, I model the TESS photometry from Sector 17 together with the new TESS photometry from Sector 57 and show that the discrepancies in KELT-1b’s dayside brightness spectrum are best explained by temporal variability in KELT-1b’s albedo. This variability is most likely due to changes in the weather, namely, variations in the silicate cloud coverage on the brown dwarf’s dayside.
The Influence of Greenhouse Effect on Earth’s Atmosphere Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhu Yiming
Published: February 2023

Greenhouse gases absorb and release a large amount of ground thermal radiation, and modify part of the energy between the earth and the atmosphere, so that it has a greenhouse effect. It is the main cause of global warming and climate anomaly caused by modern human activities. In order to solve the shortcomings of the existing research on the impact of greenhouse effect on the Earth’s atmosphere, this paper briefly introduces the numerical methods of radiation and heat conduction coupling, the components of the Earth’s atmosphere, and the sources and sinks of greenhouse gases. The calculation and analysis of spectral absorption coefficient and the configuration of super parameters of depth learning model are discussed. A numerical simulation of carbon dioxide concentration based on depth learning is constructed and the C02 concentration profile is calculated using the C02 statistical inversion flow of principal component analysis. The calculated temperatures of the standard atmosphere and the standard atmosphere with the carbon dioxide concentration doubled were compared. The data showed that the temperature in the upper stratosphere rose to 58.
Research on the optimization and improvement of business environment based on the customer satisfaction model of ‘Access to Electricity’
Authors: You Yanni , Huang Hong , Shao Lanyan , Ma Ming
Published: February 2023

In order to further promote the reform of “deregulation and service” and continuously optimize the business environment, the power industry as the important part of national economic development, optimizing the business environment is urgent. Based on the customer satisfaction survey of ‘Access to electricity’, this paper constructs a set of targeted, complete and practical multiple regression model of electricity consumption satisfaction, and puts forward relevant strategies to help optimize and improve the business environment of the power industry.
Distributed Energy Storage Scheduling Optimization of Micro Grid Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Liu Zinan
Published: February 2023

Distributed generation is a new type of environment-friendly energy, which has a good development prospect. However, due to its inherent defects, it is still difficult to be widely used in large-scale access points and loads. As a new type of distributed power supply, Micro grid is decentralized and intermittent in power supply. In order to make rational use of power grid resources, it is necessary to optimize the distributed energy storage scheduling. The particle swarm optimization algorithm proposed in this paper is also to improve the data processing capacity of the scheduling system. This paper mainly uses the experimental comparison method and particle swarm optimization algorithm to study the micro grid distributed energy storage scheduling optimization. The experimental results show that the FCPSO algorithm takes the least time, only 7s, and has the lowest cost. Therefore, this algorithm can be used for in-depth analysis of micro grid scheduling.
Research on Airflow distribution in Internet Data Center
Authors: Yu Wenhong , Su Hexuan , Xu Weiwei , Wang Kuan
Published: February 2023

With the rapid growth of IDC (Internet Data Center) construction, the energy consumption is also increasing gradually. It is extremely important to design a reasonable air distribution to reduce the energy consumption of IDC. The research object is an IDC Plant in Beijing. Airpak software is used to conduct DeST ( Building energy consumption analysis software) simulation of the air flow organization in IDC room. Under the same cooling load conditions, through the simulation of the three types of diffuse air supply, closed cold aisle and closed hot aisle in the IDC room, it is concluded that the air flow organization after the closed cold and hot aisle is excellent. The energy consumption analysis of the enclosure structure of the three air flow organizations of IDC room shows that the energy consumption of the closed cold aisle is lower than that of the closed hot aisle air-conditioning system.
Simulation of Mechanical Test in Digital Rock Affected by Rock Heterogeneity and Flow in Porous Media
Authors: Ma Wenjie , Yang Yongfei
Published: February 2023

As the main reservoir of oil and gas resources, the physical and mechanical properties of the rock are complicated. The strong heterogeneity of rock and the flow in porous media further influences the nature of stress propagation. Therefore, considering the heterogeneous particle model and fluid-structure coupling, it is very important to study the variation law of rock mechanical properties under a stress state, which lays a foundation for formation fracturing and mining. In this paper, the mechanical properties of the rock are studied by the ideal, heterogeneous, and flow models in porous media. The results show that the stress of the contact surface between particles of the same size is large. Still, the stress of the contact surface between different particles is larger, which is more likely to become the weak mechanical link of failure. When the displacement of the z-axis is the same, the x and y-axis increase the axial stress of the z-axis. The peak stress is high and more sensitive when the particle size difference is small. When water is in the pores, the rock strength obtained under consolidated undrained is greater than that under consolidated drained.
Safety evaluation of coal mine internal fire based on the neutral reference value
Authors: Jin Hongwei , Shao Jingyi , Xu Gang
Published: February 2023

To improve the accuracy of emergency warnings of coal mine internal fire, a new coal mine internal fire safety evaluation method combining AHP with objective, neutral reference was put forward. According to the mechanism of internal fire, an evaluation index system and an evaluation hierarchy model were established, and a percentage scoring rule was set to score the underlying influencing factors. The lower the score, the greater the risk of internal fire. Combining the score of a single item with the weight of a single item, the overall score of coal mine internal fire in different periods was obtained, and the risk degree of coal mine internal fire was quantitatively expressed.
Research on the Sustainable Utilization of Ceramic Waste under the Green Development Model
Authors: Gao Quanjin , Simatrang Sone , Joenurairatana Eakachat
Published: February 2023

China is a big ceramic country, and the production of ceramics has been the first in the world. With the development of the ceramic industry, there are also more and more waste materials. Such a large amount of ceramic waste is not a simple landfill that can solve the problem. Through the analysis of the current situation of solid waste in our ceramic industry, we see that the modern decoration and ceramic raw material regeneration technology to the life cycle of ceramic product design and arrangement make the resources and energy most effectively consumption configuration, so as to achieve the purpose of ceramic waste reduction, recycling, harmless, make ceramic industry production on the road of sustainable development.
40 Jahre DVGS – Grußwort der dvs Kommission
Gesundheit
Authors: Woll Alexander
Published: February 2023

„Die Zeit eilt – wir eilen mit“ (Wilhelm Busch)

Dies gilt insbesondere für die rapiden Veränderungen im
Gesundheitswesen. Der DVGS hat die letzten 40 Jahre diese Entwicklung erfolgreich
begleitet und aktiv mitgestaltet. Von einem „kleinen
Pflänzlein“ zu Beginn der 1980er-Jahre hat er sich zu einem
wichtigen Player in der gesundheitspolitischen Landschaft entwickelt. Parallel zum
Boom der gesundheitssportlichen Studiengänge an deutschen Hochschulen
erweiterte sich auch das Aufgabenspektrum des DVGS dynamisch.
Impulse für die Therapie – Mein Entwicklungshilfeeinsatz in Timor-Leste
Authors: Merk Joachim
Published: February 2023

Im August 2022 flog Dr. Joachim Merk in das südostasiatische Land Timor-Leste. Im Gepäck Therapiehilfsmittel, 20 Jahre physiotherapeutische Berufserfahrung und den Auftrag, in drei Wochen die dortigen Physiotherapeut*innen so zu schulen, dass sie selbstständig ihre Therapieabläufe und -planung verbessern können. Ein Erfahrungsbericht.
Synthesis of Acidiphilamide A–C: Secondary Metabolites from the Genus Streptacidiphilus
Authors: Behera Manoranjan , Mallesham Poosa , Raghavulu Karri , Miriyala Venkatesh , Doddipalla Raju , Yennam Satyanarayana , Sanasi Paul Douglas
Published: February 2023

We describe the efficient total syntheses of naturally occurring tripeptides acidiphilamides A–C and epi-acidiphilamides A–C, which were prepared from commercially available l-phenyl alanine using hexafluorophosphate azabenzotriazole tetramethyl uronium (HATU) as peptide coupling reagent. The structures of the natural acidiphilamides A, B and C were characterized by NMR, MS and SOR data, which match those of natural products, whereas the structures of epi-acidiphilamides A, B and C were confirmed by 2D NMR studies.
Theory of ion holes in plasmas with flat-topped electron distributions
Authors: Aravindakshan Harikrishnan , Vasko Ivan Y. , Kakad Amar , Kakad Bharati , Wang Rachel
Published: February 2023

Coherent bipolar electric field structures with negative unipolar potentials are widely observed in space plasmas. These bipolar structures are often found to be ion Bernstein Greene Kruskal (BGK) modes or ion holes. Most theoretical models of ion holes assume them to be stationary with respect to the background plasma that follows either Maxwellian or kappa-type distribution. In this paper, we present a new theoretical model of ion holes where the structures are non-stationary, and electrons follow flat-topped distribution. We use the classical BGK approach to derive the inequality separating allowed and forbidden simultaneous values of amplitude and spatial width of ion holes. The model reveals that the parametric space for the existence of ion holes decreases with their speed. We applied the developed model to the largest available dataset of ion holes obtained from the magnetospheric multiscale spacecraft observations in the Earth's bow shock region.
Transverse vibration modes analysis and acoustic response in optical fibers
Authors: Sun Huojiao , Wang Jie , Xu Zong , Tang Ke , Li Wanyi
Published: February 2023

Fiber optic sensors are often used as acoustic sensors to detect sound waves because of their apparent advantages, such as anti-electromagnetic interference and strong adaptation to the environment. The transverse vibration mode of the fiber caused by the acoustic wave can be obtained, and the principle of the optical fiber sensor to detect the acoustic wave signal was explored by using a simple model. It is found that the acoustic wave can effectively cause the change in birefringence of the fiber only when the number of azimuthal modes is 2, and the acoustic wave was detected by using a fiber sensor. It is found, by analyzing the detection mechanism, that the spectral width is proportional to the acoustic impedance of the surrounding medium, and the acoustic interaction between the TR22 mode and the surrounding medium is much weaker than that of the TR21 mode. This provides a theoretical basis for the detection of acoustic signals by fiber optic sensors.
Proper orthogonal decomposition analysis of the cavitating flow around a hydrofoil with an insight on the kinetic characteristics
Authors: Yu An , Feng Wenjin , Li Liting , Li Weiyu , Zhou Daqing
Published: February 2023

In this research, the cavitating flow around a NACA0015 (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) hydrofoil obtained by the large-eddy simulation method is analyzed using the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) theory. Various fundamental mechanisms have been investigated thoroughly, including the reentrant jet behavior, pressure gradient mechanism, vortex dynamics, and dynamic properties of the hydrofoil. The influence of the vortex dynamics, pressure mechanism, and temporal/spatial evolution is revealed. The POD decomposition indicates that the first four dominant POD modes occupy 97.4% of the entire energy. Based on the vortex force field extracted from the first four single POD modes, it is found that the lift-and-drag characteristics in the cavitating flow are determined by the specific spatial distribution of mode vortex structures. In addition, the coupling of velocity pulsations and pressure fluctuations is carried out to obtain the POD modal pressure gradient field, which reveals that the pressure gradient has a close connection with the cavity evolution. Furthermore, the vortex force and pressure gradient are reconstructed using the first four modes, 17 modes, and 160 modes, which indicates that the low-order POD modes without the impact of small-scale structures and noise can clearly capture the fundamental aspects of the flow field.
A first-principles investigation on the adsorption of octanal and nonanal molecules with decorated monolayer WS2 as promising gas sensing platform
Authors: Aasi Aref , Ebrahimi Bajgani Sahar , Panchapakesan Balaji
Published: February 2023

With the broad applications of two-dimensional transition, metal dichalcogenides in gas sensing prompt us to investigate the adsorption and gas sensing properties of the bare and metal-decorated tungsten disulfide (WS2) interaction with nonanal and octanal gas molecules by using first-principles methods. In this regard, first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) have been employed to study the detection of nonanal and octanal as well-known breast cancer biomarkers. The results showed that the pristine WS2 monolayer is not appropriate to develop gas sensors for the target. Based on the detailed DFT calculations, decoration of the WS2 surface with Ni and Pt could enhance gas detection and sensitivity and tune the energy bandgap. The present results suggested that the adsorption energy of nonanal and octanal has been increased to −2.59 and −2.34 eV after interaction with Ni-decorated WS2. In addition, sensitivity has been enhanced significantly, and the recovery time of 7.76 s for Ni-decorated WS2 was achieved after interaction with octanal gas. As a result, the decorated WS2-based nanosensor might be an auspicious platform for gas detection. Undoubtedly, this work can open up a prospect for the use of excellent Ni-/Pt-decorated WS2 materials to achieve high-efficiency detection of nonanal and octanal gas molecules.
Corrigendum to: Use of electronic medical records to monitor the safe and effective prescribing of medicinal cannabis: is it feasible?
Authors: Hallinan Christine M. , Gunn Jane M. , Qian Yining , Bonomo Yvonne A.
Published: February 2023

Background:General practitioners are well positioned to contribute to the pharmacovigilance of medical cannabis via the general practice electronic medical record (EMR). The aim of this research is to interrogate de-identified patient data from the Patron primary care data repository for reports of medicinal cannabis to ascertain the feasibility of using EMRs to monitor medicinal cannabis prescribing in Australia. Methods:EMR rule-based digital phenotyping of 1 164 846 active patients from 109 practices was undertaken to investigate reports of medicinal cannabis use from September 2017 to September 2020. Results:Eighty patients with 170 prescriptions of medicinal cannabis were identified in the Patron repository. Reasons for prescription included anxiety, multiple sclerosis, cancer, nausea, and Crohn’s disease. Nine patients showed symptoms of a possible adverse event, including depression, motor vehicle accident, gastrointestinal symptoms, and anxiety. Conclusions:The recording of medicinal cannabis effects in the patient EMR provides potential for medicinal cannabis monitoring in the community. This is especially feasible if monitoring were to be embedded into general practitioner workflow.
HIV-1 prehairpin intermediate inhibitors show efficacy independent of neutralization tier
Authors: Bell Benjamin N. , Bruun Theodora U. J. , Friedland Natalia , Kim Peter S.
Published: February 2023

HIV-1 strains are categorized into one of three neutralization tiers based on the relative ease by which they are neutralized by plasma from HIV-1–infected donors not on antiretroviral therapy; tier-1 strains are particularly sensitive to neutralization while tier-2 and tier-3 strains are increasingly difficult to neutralize. Most broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) previously described target the native prefusion conformation of HIV-1 Envelope (Env), but the relevance of the tiered categories for inhibitors targeting another Env conformation, the prehairpin intermediate, is not well understood. Here, we show that two inhibitors targeting distinct highly conserved regions of the prehairpin intermediate have strikingly consistent neutralization potencies (within ~100-fold for a given inhibitor) against strains in all three neutralization tiers of HIV-1; in contrast, best-in-class bnAbs targeting diverse Env epitopes vary by more than 10,000-fold in potency against these strains. Our results indicate that antisera-based HIV-1 neutralization tiers are not relevant for inhibitors targeting the prehairpin intermediate and highlight the potential for therapies and vaccine efforts targeting this conformation.
An ensemble of interconverting conformations of the elemental paused transcription complex creates regulatory options
Authors: Kang Jin Young , Mishanina Tatiana V. , Bao Yu , Chen James , Llewellyn Eliza , Liu James , Darst Seth A. , Landick Robert
Published: February 2023

Transcriptional pausing underpins the regulation of cellular RNA synthesis, but its mechanism remains incompletely understood. Sequence-specific interactions of DNA and RNA with the dynamic, multidomain RNA polymerase (RNAP) trigger reversible conformational changes at pause sites that temporarily interrupt the nucleotide addition cycle. These interactions initially rearrange the elongation complex (EC) into an elemental paused EC (ePEC). ePECs can form longer-lived PECs by further rearrangements or interactions of diffusible regulators. For both bacterial and mammalian RNAPs, a half-translocated state in which the next DNA template base fails to load into the active site appears central to the ePEC. Some RNAPs also swivel interconnected modules that may stabilize the ePEC. However, it is unclear whether swiveling and half-translocation are requisite features of a single ePEC state or if multiple ePEC states exist. Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analysis of ePECs with different RNA–DNA sequences combined with biochemical probes of ePEC structure to define an interconverting ensemble of ePEC states. ePECs occupy either pre- or half-translocated states but do not always swivel, indicating that difficulty in forming the posttranslocated state at certain RNA–DNA sequences may be the essence of the ePEC. The existence of multiple ePEC conformations has broad implications for transcriptional regulation.
Production of a large volume non-equilibrium region in an atmospheric argon arc plasma with a counter injection of cold gas from an annular anode
Authors: Fang Chuan , Zhang Zi-Ming , Wang Yao-Ting , Luo Lan-Yue , Li Zhi-Hui , Zeng Shi , Li He-Ping
Published: February 2023

In this letter, an annular anode is designed for producing arc plasmas with a large non-equilibrium region by using a counterflow cold gas through the annular anode. The coupled mass-momentum-energy exchange processes in an argon arc plasma are studied numerically and experimentally. The counter-injection of the cold argon gas from the center of the anode leads to a steep gradient of the heavy-particle temperature due to the formation of a thin stagnation layer resulting from the interaction of the high temperature plasma with the cold gas; and in particular, a large volume non-equilibrium ‘dark’ plasma region is obtained above the anode surface. The results show that, with the enhancement of the convective heat transfer process in the plasma core region, the fraction of the non-equilibrium region to the whole arc plasma region reaches 92.2% where the heavy-particle temperature can be reduced significantly, e.g. ∼2300 K, while simultaneously, the electron temperature and number density are remained at high levels greater than 8000 K and 2.4 × 1020 m−3, respectively, under the operating condition studied in this letter. This research not only deepens the understanding to the non-equilibrium synergistic transport mechanisms of arc plasmas, but also provides a method for producing a large volume non-equilibrium plasma region so as to promote various existing applications, or even creating new applications in the future.