bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral morbidity and associated factors in Chilean preschoolers and schoolchildren: A preliminary review.
Authors: Arias Ángela , Fuentes Lorena
Published: September 2018

Currently, the most prevalent oral pathologies in Chile are dental caries, periodontal diseases, and dentomaxillary anomalies, with dental caries being considered the most prevalent in childhood and a public health problem. In Chile, research on and diagnosis of these diseases in preschoolers and schoolchildren are varied over time, but there is no review of the existing studies relating these pathologies to the most common risk factors, such as socioeconomic level, rurality, and nutritional status. The objective of this preliminary review is to assess oral morbidity in preschoolers and schoolchildren associated with risk factors in Chile. A national study found that the prevalence of caries is 16.8% at two years, 49.6% at four years, 70.4% at six years, 62.5% at 12 years, and 73.9% at 15 years. In relation to the severity of caries, it found a DMFT of 0.5 at two years, a DMFT of 2.3 at 4 years, and a DMFT of 3.7 at six years in temporary dentition. In permanent dentition, that the same study found a DMFT of 0.15 at six years, a DMFT of 1.9 at 12 years, and a DMFT of 3.0 at 15 years. Regarding gingivitis, it found a prevalence of 32.6% at two years, 45% at four years, 55.1% at six years, and 66.9% at 12 years. As for dentomaxillary anomalies, 33.3% presented some degree of anomaly at four years, 38.3% at six years, and 53% at 12 years. Despite the above, there are various studies in specific localities that have found a higher prevalence and severity of oral diseases. However, it is necessary to carry out a systematic evaluation to determine the prevalence and severity for each of the most prevalent oral diseases, as well as to identify the risk factors for the incidence of said diseases.
Satisfaction with dental care. A review of the literature.
Authors: Manríquez Javiera , Pereira Karis
Published: September 2018

The satisfaction of the patient is considered important to predict patient compliance, their ability to follow instructions, adherence to treatment and as a determining factor in the future use of health services. In Chile, there are currently not many studies or analyses in the health sector about the quality of care or level of satisfaction of patients. In most cases, these have only been studied through surveys, which are often initiated by the health services themselves, without using validated instruments. This article presents a review of the most relevant aspects described in the literature about satisfaction with dental care. The satisfaction that people experience in the use of a service or consumption of a product is a phenomenon that has been widely studied in recent decades. This concept has mainly been studied in two scientific areas: social psychology and an economistic approach. Multiple studies have demonstrated the multidimensional nature of user satisfaction in dentistry. Davies and Ware developed the Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire (DSQ) to assess access, availability, cost, pain management and quality. Several studies indicate that a positive relationship between the patient and the dentist generates higher satisfaction rates and that a negative relationship between the patient and the dentist leads to lower satisfaction rates on the part of the patients. As a result, a positive relationship with the dentist leads to greater commitment and interest in the dental treatment, generating greater adherence, better outcomes and increased satisfaction.
Oral health literacy. A concise review.
Authors: Delgado Camila , Salamanca Yurissan
Published: September 2018

According to the World Health Organization, Health Literacy (HL) corresponds to the cognitive and social abilities that determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access, to understand, and to use information in ways that provide and maintain good health. The development of HL in dentistry came late, and only in the last decade did it reach a level similar to that in the medical area. In dentistry, HL centered on the concept of Oral Health Literacy (OHL), defined as the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic information on oral health and services that is necessary to make appropriate health decisions. The evidence suggests that people with low HL have worse health status and greater use of medical resources, which results in an increase in costs in the general population. Determinants of the level of OHL include age, level of education, and socioeconomic level. These determinants are reflected in low oral health and in less access to information or less understanding regarding care, pathologies, or dental treatments. The instruments for measuring HL and OHL are mainly aimed at recognizing arithmetic and reading skills, which are not fully related to the ability of the people surveyed to find, understand and use information related to health. OHL is an important issue at the level of health programs, because knowledge of OHL helps in medical practice, in disease prevention and in health promotion. OHL instruments must have validated and demonstrate adequate psychometric properties.
Republican thought in Niccolò Machiavelli’s main political philosophy
Authors: Vo Thinh Chau
Published: September 2018

Republican thought is Niccolò Machiavelli’s main political philosophy. This thought not only exists in his most important work named “Discorsi sopra la prima Deca di Tito Livio” but was also hidden in his masterpiece named “Il Principe”. This paper explores Niccolò Machiavelli’s republican thought in both of his above-mentioned works, particularly in “Discorsi sopra la prima Deca di Tito Livio”. Through specific evidences, the paper points out that republican government is Machiavelli’s most favourite political model, and the principality in his“Il Principe” is just his tactic solution or just his means to reach his ends which are to establish a republic in Italia.
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE USE OF GAMES AND STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH
Authors: MUKMIN MUKMIN , SABATA YUSNIATI N
Published: September 2018

This research aims at analyzing correlation between the use of games and students’ motivation. Quantitative method with correlation research design was used in this research. Its population consists of 65 students taken as research sample. Total sampling technique was applied in this research. Two independent variables correlated were the use of games as variable X and students’ motivation as variable Y. Questionnaires used to collect data consisted of 40 items, in which 20 items related to the use of games and another 20 items concerning with students’ motivation. The data were analyzed by applying computer program of SPSS (statistical package for social science) 18. Findings of the research indicate that the coefficient correlation (rxy) is 0.571, with the degree of freedom df = N-2 and the level of significance 0.05 or 5%. Value of r-table 0.244 indicates that the value of rxyis higher than rt (0.571 > 0.244). Thereby, alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected, so there is a significant correlation between the implementation of games and motivation of students at second semester of grade VIII. It means that the more often teachers use games the higher students motivation in learning English. Keywords: Correlation, games, and Motivation
Candidate Variants for Additive and Interactive Effects on Bioenergy Traits in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Identified by Genome‐Wide Association Analyses
Authors: Ramstein Guillaume P. , Evans Joseph , Nandety Aruna , Saha Malay C. , Brummer E. Charles , Kaeppler Shawn M. , Buell C. Robin , Casler Michael D.
Published: September 2018

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a promising herbaceous energy crop, but further gains in biomass yield and quality must be achieved to enable a viable bioenergy industry. Developing DNA markers can contribute to such progress, but depiction of genetic bases should be reliable, involving simple additive marker effects and also interactions with genetic backgrounds (e.g., ecotypes) or synergies with other markers. We analyzed plant height, C content, N content, and mineral concentration in a diverse panel consisting of 512 genotypes of upland and lowland ecotypes. We performed association analyses based on exome capture sequencing and tested 439,170 markers for marginal effects, 83,290 markers for marker × ecotype interactions, and up to 311,445 marker pairs for pairwise interactions. Analyses of pairwise interactions focused on subsets of marker pairs preselected on the basis of marginal marker effects, gene ontology annotation, and pairwise marker associations. Our tests identified 12 significant effects. Homology and gene expression information corroborated seven effects and indicated plausible causal pathways: flowering time and lignin synthesis for plant height; plant growth and senescence for C content and mineral concentration. Four pairwise interactions were detected, including three interactions preselected on the basis of pairwise marker correlations. Furthermore, a marker × ecotype interaction and a pairwise interaction were confirmed in an independent switchgrass panel. Our analyses identified reliable candidate variants for important bioenergy traits. Moreover, they exemplified the importance of interactive effects for depicting genetic bases and illustrated the usefulness of preselecting marker pairs for identifying pairwise marker interactions in association studies.
Hydrodynamic Stability Analysis of the Neutron Star Core
Authors: van Eysden C. A. , Link Bennett
Published: September 2018

Hydrodynamic instabilities and turbulence in neutron stars have been suggested to be related to observable spin variations in pulsars, such as spin glitches, timing noise, and precession (nutation). Accounting for the stabilizing effects of the stellar magnetic field, we revisit the issue of whether the inertial modes of a neutron star can become unstable when the neutron and proton condensates flow with respect to one another. The neutron and proton condensates are coupled through the motion of imperfectly pinned vorticity (vortex slippage) and vortex-mediated scattering (mutual friction). Previously-identified two-stream instabilities that occur when the two condensates rotate with respect to one another in the outer core are stabilized by the toroidal component of the magnetic field. This stabilization occurs when the Alfvén speed of the toroidal component of the magnetic field becomes larger than the relative rotational velocity of the condensates, corresponding to toroidal field strengths in excess of ≃1010 G. In contrast with previous studies, we find that spin-down of a neutron star under a steady torque is stable. The Donnelly–Glaberson instability is not stabilized by the magnetic field and could play an important role if neutron stars undergo precession.
A Statistical Inference Method for Interpreting the CLASP Observations
Authors: Štěpán J. , Bueno J. Trujillo , Belluzzi L. , Ramos A. Asensio , Sainz R. Manso , Alemán T. del Pino , Casini R. , Kano R. , Winebarger A. , Auchère F. , Ishikawa R. , Narukage N. , Kobayashi K. , Bando T. , Katsukawa Y. , Kubo M. , Ishikawa S. , Giono G. , Hara H. , Suematsu Y. , Shimizu T. , Sakao T. , Tsuneta S. , Ichimoto K. , Cirtain J. , Champey P. , Pontieu B. De , Carlsson M.
Published: September 2018

On 2015 September 3, the Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP) successfully measured the linear polarization produced by scattering processes in the hydrogen Lyα line of the solar disk radiation, revealing conspicuous spatial variations in the Q/I and U/I signals. Via the Hanle effect, the line-center Q/I and U/I amplitudes encode information on the magnetic field of the chromosphere–corona transition region, but they are also sensitive to the three-dimensional structure of this corrugated interface region. With the help of a simple line-formation model, here we propose a statistical inference method for interpreting the Lyα line-center polarization observed by CLASP.
Reverberation Mapping of Luminous Quasars at High z
Authors: Lira Paulina , Kaspi Shai , Netzer Hagai , Botti Ismael , Morrell Nidia , Mejía-Restrepo Julián , Sánchez-Sáez Paula , Martínez-Palomera Jorge , López Paula
Published: September 2018

We present reverberation mapping (RM) results for 17 high-redshift, high-luminosity quasars with good-quality R-band and emission-line light curves. We are able to measure statistically significant lags for Lyα (11 objects), Si iv (5 objects), C iv (11 objects), and C iii] (2 objects). Using our results and previous lag determinations taken from the literature, we present an updated C iv radius–luminosity relation and provide for the first time radius–luminosity relations for Lyα, Si iv, and C iii]. While in all cases the slopes of the correlations are statistically significant, the zero points are poorly constrained because of the lack of data at the low-luminosity end. We find that the emissivity-weighted distances from the central source of the Lyα, Si iv, and C iii] line-emitting regions are all similar, which corresponds to about half that of the Hβ region. We also find that 3/17 of our sources show an unexpected behavior in some emission lines, two in the Lyα light curve and one in the Si iv light curve, in that they do not seem to follow the variability of the UV continuum. Finally, we compute RM black hole (BH) masses for those quasars with highly significant lag measurements and compare them with C iv single-epoch (SE) mass determinations. We find that the RM-based BH mass determinations seem smaller than those found using SE calibrations.
Physical Properties of II Zw 40's Super Star Cluster and Nebula: New Insights and Puzzles from UV Spectroscopy
Authors: Leitherer Claus , Byler Nell , Lee Janice C. , Levesque Emily M.
Published: September 2018

We analyze far-ultraviolet spectra and ancillary data of the super star cluster SSC-N and its surrounding H ii region in the nearby dwarf galaxy II Zw 40. From the ultraviolet spectrum, we derive a low internal reddening of E(B − V) = 0.07 ± 0.03, a mass of (9.1 ± 1.0) × 105
M
⊙, a bolometric luminosity of (1.1 ± 0.1) × 109
L
⊙, a number of ionizing photons of (6 ± 2) × 1052 s−1, and an age of (2.8 ± 0.1) Myr. These parameters agree with the values derived from optical and radio data, indicating no significant obscured star formation, absorption of photons by dust, or photon leakage. SSC-N and its nebulosity are an order of magnitude more massive and luminous than 30 Doradus and its ionizing cluster. Photoionization modeling suggests a high ionization parameter and a C/O ratio where C is between primary and secondary. We calculate diagnostic emission-line ratios and compare SSC-N to local star-forming galaxies. The SSC-N nebula does not coincide with the locus defined by local galaxies. Rather, it coincides with the location of “Green Pea” galaxies, objects that are often considered nearby analogs of the galaxies reionizing the universe. Most stellar features are well reproduced by synthetic spectra. However, the SSC-N cluster has strong, broad, stellar He ii
λ1640 emission that cannot be reproduced, suggesting a deficit of He-enhanced stars with massive winds in the models. We discuss possible sources for the broad He ii emission, including very massive stars and/or enhanced mixing processes.
Possible Counterrotation between the Disk and Protostellar Envelope around the Class I Protostar IRAS 04169+2702
Authors: Takakuwa Shigehisa , Tsukamoto Yusuke , Saigo Kazuya , Saito Masao
Published: September 2018

We present results from our Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations and data analyses of the SMA archival data of the Class I protostar IRAS 04169+2702. The high-resolution (∼0.″5) 13CO (3–2) image cube shows a compact (r ≲ 100 au) structure with a northwest (blue) to southeast (red) velocity gradient, centered on the 0.9 mm dust continuum emission. The direction of the velocity gradient is orthogonal to the axis of the molecular outflow as seen in the SMA 12CO (2–1) data. A similar gas component is seen in the SO (65–54) line. On the other hand, the C18O (2–1) emission traces a more extended (r ∼ 400 au) component with the opposite, northwest (red) to southeast (blue) velocity gradient. Such opposite velocity gradients in the different molecular lines are also confirmed from direct fitting to the visibility data. We have constructed models of a forward-rotating and counterrotating Keplerian disk and a protostellar envelope, including the SMA imaging simulations. The counterrotating model could better reproduce the observed velocity channel maps, although we could not obtain statistically significant fitting results. The derived model parameters are as follows: Keplerian radius of 200 au, central stellar mass of 0.1 M
⊙, and envelope rotational and infalling velocities of 0.20 and 0.16 km s−1, respectively. One possible interpretation for these results is the effect of the magnetic field in the process of disk formation around protostars, i.e., the Hall effect.
A new section and species of Agaricus subgenus Pseudochitonia from Thailand
Authors: He Mao-Qiang , Chuankid Boontiya , Hyde Kevin D. , Cheewangkoon Ratchadawan , Zhao Rui-Lin
Published: September 2018

A large species diversity has recently been discovered in the genus Agaricus. Six subgenera and 23 sections are now recognised. In this study, three specimens collected from Thailand, formed a monophyletic clade in subgenus Pseudochitonia, based on analyses of ITS sequence data. Further analyses, based on multi-gene sequence data (ITS, LSU, tef1-α), using BEAST, revealed that this clade originated 26.7 Ma. According to their distinct morphological characteristics, phylogenetic position and relatively old divergence time, a new section Cymbiformes is proposed and this section is represented by a new species A.angusticystidiatus. This new section is characterised by the strong iodoform odour of basidiomes and cymbiform basidiospores. Descriptions, colour photographs and illustrations are presented.
Religion, État-Nation, sécularisme
Authors: Asad Talal , Amer Meziane Mohamed
Published: September 2018

L’islamisme est-il une forme religieuse de nationalisme ? Asad répond en montrant que l’islamisme et le nationalisme partagent un même souci de l’État moderne. Ils se différencient néanmoins profondément dès que l’on envisage les modalités de ce rapport. L’islamisme résulte d’une traduction de la tradition qu’il investit dans une situation dominée par l’État moderne et par une politisation des sphères sociales qu’il régule. Il entre ainsi en concurrence avec le marxisme sur le terrain de l’antiétatisme.
Marxismes et islams : religion et politique
Authors: Achcar Gilbert , Ducange Jean-Numa
Published: September 2018

Seule la démarche matérialiste en histoire permet de réfuter radicalement les essentialismes, tel que « l’orientalisme » en dépit de la critique infondée de Marx par Edward Said. L’attitude politique de Marx et Engels envers la religion reste d’actualité. Cependant, la tradition marxiste est déficitaire dans le domaine de la sociologie de la religion. Il faut intégrer d’autres apports, dont le concept durkheimien d’anomie, pour comprendre la résurgence du religieux contemporaine du tournant néolibéral. Tandis que le christianisme des origines se prête facilement à une lecture de gauche, la théologie islamique, et notamment sa version ultraorthodoxe propagée par le royaume saoudien, favorise une lecture intégriste combattante. Il est périlleux pour les marxistes de se placer sur le terrain de l’exégèse en islam au lieu de s’en tenir à la séparation entre politique et religion.
Plan et marché : les défis de l’accumulation à Cuba
Authors: Leleu Jérôme
Published: September 2018

Le développement du secteur privé et de la régulation par le marché à Cuba depuis dix ans questionne le projet de construction socialiste encore prôné par le pouvoir. Or, la concurrence inévitable entre le secteur d’État « socialiste » et le secteur privé marchand et capitaliste peut réduire à néant ce projet. En effet, la coexistence pacifique entre ces deux secteurs est illusoire. L’objectif de cet article est de mettre en évidence les modifications nécessaires des politiques économiques dans ce nouveau contexte et de souligner l’importance d’appréhender le secteur productif privé comme un outil temporaire, permettant, à travers l’aliénation d’une partie de son surproduit, le développement du secteur socialiste.
Valeur d’usage et signifiant : notes pour une théorie unifiée
Authors: Abduca Ricardo
Published: September 2018

Cet article explore un parallèle entre deux innovations fondatrices des épistémès contemporaines, celles de Marx et de Saussure, en constatant l’isomorphisme entre les concepts de valeur d’usage et de signifiant. Après un rapide repérage de l’emploi du terme « valeur d’usage » dans la tradition marxiste, on examine la valeur d’usage comme corps, plutôt que comme besoin ou fonction utile. En considérant le concept de valeur d’usage au prisme de celui de signifiant, on met à preuve les questions de l’arbitraire, de l’indivisible, du versatile. L’auteur observe que les deux concepts désignent des moments d’une activité : maillons d’une chaîne. Les chaînes signifiantes auraient un rôle fondamental, comme automatisme de répétition, dans la reproduction sociale.
Marcuse en mai
Authors: Raulet Gérard
Published: September 2018

Avant 1968, un seul ouvrage, très critique, avait été consacré à Marcuse. Même les leaders du mouvement étudiant semblent tout ignorer de sa pensée. Pourtant, la parution de L’Homme unidimensionnel au plus fort des « événements », bien qu’elle soit une coïncidence, peut révéler l’existence d’une réception souterraine mais intense portée par au moins deux générations dans des cercles intellectuels et éditoriaux influents ainsi que dans le mouvement trotskiste.
Gramsci, Bourdieu et les Cultural studies : hypothèses autour d’une constellation
Authors: Keucheyan Razmig
Published: September 2018

Cet article porte sur certains aspects de la réception de Gramsci en France. Cette réception s’effectue dans le champ politique aussi bien qu’académique, Gramsci étant non seulement un classique des sciences sociales, mais aussi une figure politique. Par ailleurs, elle prend place dans un contexte intellectuel où d’autres penseurs, tels que Pierre Bourdieu, développent sur certains thèmes des idées proches des siennes. L’argument central de l’article est que Gramsci, Bourdieu et les cultural studies forment une « constellation » d’auteurs et de concepts, qu’il est fécond dans le contexte français de penser conjointement. L’article se conclut sur quelques réflexions concernant le récent renouveau des études gramsciennes en France.
L’organisation homme-machine de la communication automatisée d’entreprise dans le capitalisme : le cas des robots conversationnels
Authors: Le Corf Jean-Baptiste
Published: September 2018

Les Big Data conduisent les entreprises à automatiser leur communication pour leurs clients ou salariés. Nous examinons à partir d’investigations empiriques d’abord les stratégies de nouveaux entrants sur ce marché des robots conversationnels et leurs places dans les dynamiques du capitalisme. Puis sont étudiées les conséquences de ces stratégies sur la communication organisationnelle. L’accent est mis sur le rôle de l’humain dans le développement de ces dispositifs, les récits soutenant le renouvèlement des relations avec les publics, ainsi que les formes hybrides du travail (salariés / intelligence artificielle) ne remettant pas en cause une organisation industrielle de la conversation.
TIC et développement des territoires : enjeux des médiations numériques
Authors: Boulesnane Sabrina , Bouzidi Laïd , Varinard Christian
Published: September 2018

Les phénomènes de mondialisation et de profusion des Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication ont bouleversé la notion de territoire. Nous proposons, à travers un regard empirique, de nous intéresser aux dynamiques de médiations numériques afin de parvenir à rapprocher les pratiques de l’Économie Sociale et Solidaire à celles de l’Économie Collaborative, engagées dans le développement territorial. Nous suggérons un modèle « hybride » qui a pour objectif de créer un cadre propice à l’intégration des enjeux sociaux au sein de l’espace public en général et des territoires en particulier, tout en exploitant le potentiel offert par l’écosystème numérique.
Remaniements du narcissisme maternel dans la parentalité
Authors: Pollak-Cornillot Michèle
Published: September 2018

À partir d’une pratique de la consultation parents-bébé, l’auteur montre que la prise en compte du narcissisme maternel au début du traitement conjoint permet d’engager un processus analytique en faveur d’un traitement plus long de la mère qui a des répercussions favorables sur le bébé.
Enjeux narcissiques dans la clinique et les soins psychiques des enfants très violents, victimes de traumatismes relationnels précoces
Authors: Bonneville-Baruchel Emmanuelle
Published: September 2018

Cet article concerne les enfants et les jeunes entre 4 et 12 ans qui présentent des troubles importants de l’attachement, et un syndrome de violence pathologique extrême, liés à des expériences relationnelles précoces traumatiques vécues en contexte de maltraitance. Il a pour objectif d’apporter des éléments de compréhension de l’organisation psychopathologique du fonctionnement de ces enfants, de son origine et de ses manifestations dans le registre des relations. Il vise également à proposer quelques pistes de réflexion pour adapter les soins psychiques à la spécificité de leurs troubles. En effet, la prise en charge de ces enfants est très éprouvante pour les soignants, car les expressions comportementales de leurs troubles attaquent fortement le narcissisme des soignants, l’idéal du soi professionnel et la capacité des professionnels à les investir. Le référentiel principal de cet article est celui de la métapsychologie psychanalytique et l’approche de la clinique est psychodynamique.
Le selfie adolescent : du premier regard au premier miroir, un au-delà du narcissisme
Authors: Sarnette Florent
Published: September 2018

Cet article se propose d’aborder les selfies adolescents sous l’angle d’un au-delà du narcissisme. L’auteur suggère d’envisager le selfie comme une tentative, pour l’adolescent, de maîtrise du regard posé sur lui. Ce mouvement s’inscrit dans la trajectoire adolescente où la question des identifications aux objets regard et voix s’actualise.
Scarifications adolescentes : une violence narcissique
Authors: Rioult Catherine
Published: September 2018

Les scarifications sont à la source même du lien corps/psyché, constitutif de l’identité du sujet au sortir de l’adolescence. Elles renvoient à l’échec du rôle contenant de la mère laissant une enveloppe psychique défaillante. Le corps est pris dans le tumulte des remaniements narcissiques. Le narcissisme ne peut se penser indépendamment de l’objet et de la relation à l’autre, du corps et de ses expériences. Nous verrons comment les attaques du corps ont pour fonction de colmater les failles narcissiques comme un pansement. Elles sont là pour que le sujet puisse sortir de sa fixation à une image aliénante à son moi. À l’aide d’éléments de la psychothérapie de Virginie, nous montrons comment le regard de l’autre offre la possibilité d’élaboration du ressenti du sujet et permet de restaurer l’harmonie entre son narcissisme propre et sa relation à l’autre.
L’atelier Corps et Parole ; une application singulière du judo pour favoriser l’émergence d’une parole sur ce qui fait violence
Authors: Larose Patrick
Published: September 2018

S’adressant à des adolescents accompagnés par les services de la Protection judiciaire de la Jeunesse ( pjj ) d’Île-de-France et Outre-Mer, l’atelier Corps et Parole est le résultat d’un cheminement professionnel et martial. À travers une application singulière du judo, cette médiation à l’œuvre depuis quinze ans, entend favoriser l’émergence d’une parole sur ce qui fait violence à ces jeunes garçons ou filles. Les spécificités du support et un cadre adapté (position de tiers et présence du référent investi) s’avèrent être un catalyseur d’émotions mises en mots à l’issue des combats où la circulation de la parole est encouragée.
Réponses thérapeutiques des mères face à l’éruption dentaire chez les enfants du Ferlo au Sénégal
Authors: Diouf Massamba , Dieng Amadou , Boëtsch Gilles , Cisse Daouda
Published: September 2018

Introduction : L’éruption dentaire est un processus qui commence chez les nourrissons et se poursuit au courant de l’enfance et de l’adolescence. Ce phénomène complexe provoque des troubles généraux nécessitant une prise en charge. L’objectif de ce travail était de comprendre les réponses thérapeutiques relatives à la dentition chez les enfants du Ferlo au Sénégal. Méthodes : L’étude était qualitative et portait sur les mères d’enfants en phase de dentition active, nourrissons et jeunes enfants. Les informations collectées par entretiens individuels et focus group concernaient les signes et symptômes de la dentition, la solution en première intention en cas de signe observé, le type et la forme des thérapeutiques utilisées, les méthodes de prévention empiriques et les aspects psychologiques de la mère pendant cette période. Résultats : Les thérapeutiques utilisées par les mères pour parer aux signes accompagnant la dentition étaient des incantations sur des fils avec des nœuds perlés, des amulettes, des plantes et divers objets de consistance dure, tels que des pièces de monnaie, des cauris, des coquillages ou encore des dents « d’âne sauvage ». Conclusion : Ces thérapeutiques répondaient aux préoccupations des mères aussi bien pour prévenir que pour traiter les signes accompagnant la dentition chez l’enfant. Cependant, des séances de communication de masse peuvent être nécessaires pour encourager la visite chez le dentiste et améliorer la prise en charge des complications.
Monitoring of microdisplacements in Golyamata Tsepnatina cave, Madara plateau, NE Bulgaria
Authors: Kostov Konstantin Simeonov , Dobrev Nikolai , Stemberk Josef , Briestenský Miloš , Ivanov Plamen
Published: September 2018

The only early medieval rock bas-relief in Europe Madara Horseman is included in UNESCO World Heritage List. This article presents the results from an in situ monitoring of microdisplacements across fissure forming the Golyamata Tsepnatina Cave located at the edge of Madara Plateau above the Horseman, NE Bulgaria. Additionally, we studied movements along cracks behind the plateau edge, which are related to the dynamics of peripheral plateau parts and shaped the rock slices. Monitoring involves the use of a 3D extensometer model TM-71 installed in the cave as well as five sets of pin marks installed across the cracks behind the plateau edge. The results obtained since 1990 indicate formation of a new rock slice from the cliff due to the gravitational extension of rock massif. The established horizontal microdisplacements of the rock slice to SSE imply the existence of a possible active fault with left-lateral component of movements at the base of the plateau. We established influences from near and distant earthquakes with epicenters in NE Bulgaria (Provadia), Romania (Vrancea), and Turkey (Izmit). The graphs of established movements mark continuously ongoing process of shear processes along the slice forming cracks.Key words: rock deformations, seismic effects, monitoring, microdisplacements, Madara Plateau, Bulgaria.Spremljanje mikropremikov v jami Goljamata Cepnatina, Visoka planota Madara, SV BolgarijaEdini zgodnjesrednjeveški skalni relief v Evropi, Madarski konjenik, je vključen v Unescovo svetovno dediščino. Ta prispevek obravnava rezultate in situ meritev mikropremikov v razpoki, v kateri je oblikovana jama Goljamata cepnatina, ki se nahaja na robu visoke planote Madara nad Madarskim konjenikom v SV Bolgariji. Dodatno smo proučevali tudi premike razpok za robom visoke planote, ki so odvisni od dinamike robnih delov visoke planote in oblikujejo kamninske bloke. Monitoring vključuje uporabo 3D-ekstenzometra model TM-71, ki je nameščen v jami. Dodatno vključuje tudi pet merilnikov premikov, ki so nameščeni v razpokah za robom visoke planote. Rezultati, ki smo jih pridobili od leta 1990, kažejo nastajanje novih kamninskih blokov iz klifa zaradi gravitacijskega razpiranja kamninske mase. Ugotovljeni vodoravni mikropremiki kamninskih blokov v smeri proti JJV, kažejo, da je možen aktiven prelom z levo-zmično komponento v podlagi visoke planote. Ugotovili smo vplive bližnjih in oddaljenih potresov z epicentri v SV Bolgariji (Provadija), Romuniji (Vrancea) in Turčiji (Izmit). Grafi ugotovljenih premikov kažejo dolgotrajne strižne procese vzdolž kamninskih blokov, ki oblikujejo razpoke.Ključne besede: deformacije kamnin, seizmični učinki, monitoring, mikropremiki, Madara visoka planota, Bolgarija.
Sthreepura cave at Kiriwanagama, south central Sri Lanka: A network cave in saprolite and proterozoic quartzite
Authors: Jayasingha Pathmakumara , Osborne Robert Armstrong .L. , Pogson Ross E
Published: September 2018

Sthreepura Cave at Kiriwanagama consists of an upper level of cavities in quartzite formed by arenization and a lower level developed in a saprolite formed from the weathering of gneiss sandwiched between two layers of quartzite. The lower level cave is not like most arenization and phantom rock caves as the walls are composed of saprolite, not exhumed unweathered rock. The cave is not a soil pipe as it is not in soil, lacks the characteristic features of soil pipes and has formed directly below, not above an aquiclude. Sthreepura Cave at Kiriwanagama is a network cave in saprolite. Speleogenesis in the lower level began with the development of joint-guided tubes in the saprolite directly below the upper layer of quartzite, probably under phreatic conditions. Later erosion under vadose conditions removed the saprolite to produce a network of passages with a rectangular profile. Widening of the passages ultimately caused ceiling failure producing breakdown chambers, but fallen slabs of quartzite armoured the walls of the Main Passage of the cave protecting them from undercutting.Key words: Sri Lanka, gneiss, network cave, saprolite, arenization.Jama Sthreepura pri Kiriwanagami, južni del osrednje Šri Lanke: Mreža rovov v saprolitu in proterozojskem kvarcituJamo St hreepura pri Kiriwanagami sestavljata gornji nivo arenizacijskih votlin v kvarcitu ter spodnji nivo v saprolitu, ki je nastal s preperevanjem gnajsa med plastmi kvarcita. Tudi stene rovov spodnjega nivoja so iz saprolita, kar kaže na drugačen razvoj od znanih arenizacijskih in fantomskih jam. Jama nima lastnosti preperinskih cevi in je v nasprotju s temi nastala neposredno pod (in ne nad) akvikludom. Jama Sthreepura pri Kiriwanagami predstavlja mrežo kanalov nastalih v saprofitu.. Speleogeneza se je začela z razvojem cevi vzdolž razpok v saprolitu, neposredno pod gornjo plastjo kvarcita, verjetno v freatičnih pogojih. Kasnejša erozija v vadozni coni je saprolit odstranila in tako ustvarila mrežo rovov pravokotnega profila. Širjenje rovov je privedlo do rušenja stropa in nastanka podornih dvoran. V glavnem rovu so padli bloki kvarcita zaščitili stene in preprečili nadaljnje spodkopavanje v glavnem rovu jame.Ključne beside: Šri Lanka, gnajs, mreža rovov, saprolit, arenizacija.
Water resources analysis of the Rječina karst spring and river (Dinaric karst)
Authors: Bonacci Ognjen , Oštrić Maja , Roje Bonacci Tanja
Published: September 2018

The paper deals with complex hydrological/hydrogeological behaviour in the Rječina karst spring and river basin located in the north-western part of the deep and developed Croatian Dinaric karst. The Rječina Spring is one of the major karst springs in Croatia, used for water supply of Rijeka City and its surrounding area. Beside the use of Rječina spring for water supply, the development of the Rijeka hydroelectric power plant (HEPP) also changed hydrological and hydrogeological regime of the whole catchment. In order to analyse the anthropogenic influences in the system, hydrological analysis of the Rječina river and spring discharge was done, as well as the analysis of the available data of groundwater measurements. The analysis showed that, due to the increase of water caption and decrease of precipitation, the average annual spring discharge decreased for approximately 25% in the 1980-2016 period. Detailed analysis of groundwater measurements indicated aquifer behaviour and the need for additional measurements and catchment delineation.Key words: hydrology, hydrogeology, karst, Rječina Spring, Rječina River, Dinaric karst.Analiza vodnih virov kraškega izvira in reke Rječina (Dinarski kras)Članek obravnava zapletene hidrološke/hidrogeološke razmere v zaledju kraškega izvira in reke Riečine v severozahodnem delu globokega in dobro razvitega hrvaškega Dinarskega krasa. Izvir Rječina je eden največjih kraških izvirov na Hrvaškem, zajet je za oskrbo s pitno vodo za mesto Reka in njeno okolico. Poleg rabe izvira Rječine za oskrbo z vodo je razlog za spremenjen hidrološki in hidrogeološki režim celotnega zaledja tudi gradnja hidroelektrarne Reka (HEPP). Za analizo antropogenih vplivov na sistem smo zato naredili hidrološko analizo pretokov reke in izvira Rječina pa tudi analizo razpoložljivih podatkov merjenja podzemne vode. Analiza je pokazala, da se je zaradi povečanja zajemanja vode in zmanjšanja količine padavin povprečen letni pretok izvira v obdobju 1980–2016 zmanjšal za približno 25 %. Podrobna analiza meritev podzemne vode je nakazala značilnosti delovanja vodonosnika ter pokazala potrebo po dodatnih meritvah in določitvi zaledja izvira.Ključne besede: hidrologija, hidrogeologija, kras, izvir Rječina, reka Rječina, Dinarski kras.
Decision Making in Complex Environments
Authors: Smith Kevin M.
Published: September 2018

Bayesian probability theory, signal detection theory, and operational decision theory are combined to understand how one can operate effectively in complex environments, which requires uncommon skill sets for performance optimization. The analytics of uncertainty in the form of Bayesian theorem applied to a moving object is presented, followed by how operational decision making is applicable to all complex environments. Large-scale dynamic systems have erratic behavior, so there is a need to effectively manage risk. Risk management needs to be addressed from the standpoint of convergent technology applications and performance modeling. The example of an airplane during takeoff shows how a risk continuum needs to be developed. An unambiguous demarcation line for low, moderate, and high risk is made and the decision analytical structure for all operational decisions is developed. Three mission-critical decisions are discussed to optimize performance: to continue or abandon the mission, the approach go-around maneuver, and the takeoff go/no-go decision.
On Computerizing the Ancient Game of Ṭāb
Authors: Hassanat Ahmad B. , Altarawneh Ghada , Tarawneh Ahmad S. , Faris Hossam , Alhasanat Mahmoud B. , de Voogt Alex , Al-Rawashdeh Baker , Alshamaileh Mohammed , Prasath Surya V. B.
Published: September 2018

The ancient game of ṭāb is a war and race game. It is played by two teams, each consisting of at least one player. In addition to presenting the game and its rules, the authors develop three versions of the game: human versus human, human versus computer, and computer versus computer. The authors employ a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to help the computer to choose the ‘best' move to play. The computer game is designed allowing two degrees of difficulty: Beginners and Advanced. The results of several experiments show the strategic properties of this game, the strength of the proposed method by making the computer play the game intelligently, and the potential of generalizing their approach to other similar games.
Exploiting Chi Square Method for Sentiment Analysis of Product Reviews
Authors: Shelke Nilesh M , Deshpande Shrinivas P
Published: September 2018

Sentiment analysis is an extension of data mining which employs natural language processing and information extraction task to recognize people's opinion towards entities such as products, services, issues, organizations, individuals, events, topics, and their attributes. It gives the summarized opinion of a writer or speaker. It has received lot of attention due to increasing number of posts/tweets on social sites. The proposed system is meant to classify a given text of review into positive, negative, or the neutral category. Primary objective of this article is to provide a method of exploiting permutation and combination and chi values for sentiment analysis of product reviews. Publicly available freely dictionary SentiWordNet 3.0 has been used for review classification. The proposed system is domain independent and context aware. Another objective of the proposed system is to identify the feature specific intensity with which reviewer has expressed his opinion. Effectiveness of the proposed system has been verified through performance matrix and compared with other research work.
An Approach to Opinion Mining in Community Graph Using Graph Mining Techniques
Authors: Rao Bapuji
Published: September 2018

Opinions are the central theme to almost all human activities, as well the key influencers of our behaviours. Opinions related to sentiments, evaluations, attitudes, and emotions are the features of studying of opinion mining. It is important to study peoples of various communities sentiments about the schemes implemented by the government agencies as well as NGOs. The opinion mining is about the opinions of various communities of villages of a Panchayat about various social schemes implemented by the government of India. This article proposes an algorithm for opinion mining in a community graph for various social schemes run by the Panchayat using graph mining techniques. The algorithm has been implemented in C++ programming language.
Promising Materials of Nonvolatile Memory Based on HfOх and Achievement of Device Parameters in the TiN/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/ TiN/SiO2/Si and TiN/HfXAl1-XOY/Pt/SiO2/Si Test Structures Obtained on the National Technological Basis
Authors: Orlov Oleg M.
Published: September 2018

The properties and applications of materials with non-volatile memory based on HfO2 were briefly considered. In addition, an overview of the obtained results was given. On the basis of these results, the possibility of use of the structures TiN/ Hf0.5Zr0.5O2/ TiN/ SiO2/ Si and TiN/ HfxAl1-xOy/ Pt/ SiO2/ Si for the non-volatile memory of FeRAM and ReRAM types obtained by the atomic-layer deposition was shown. In addition, the scalability of these elements and opportunity to create promising submicron integrated circuits for ferroelectric and resistive memory were demonstrated.
Plant Morphogenesis under Different Light Intensity
Authors: Kulchin Yuriy Nikolaevich , Nakonechnaya Olga Valerievna , Gafitskaya Irina Victorovna , Grishchenko Olga Vadimovna , Epifanova Tatyana Yuryevna , Orlovskaya Irina Yuryevna , Zhuravlev Yuriy Nikolaevich , Subbotin Evgenii Petrovich
Published: September 2018

The innovative LED light source (Sun Box) with irradiation spectrum close to the sun spectrum in the wavelength range 440-660 nm was used in experiment for study the influence of light intensity (75, 135, 230 and 382 μmol/s*m2) on the growth and development of plants. Standard fluorescent lighting was used as a control. The experiments were carried out on plantlets ofStevia rebaudianaandSolanum tuberosum, cvs. Snegir, Rozhdestvenskiy and Kamchatskii)in vitro. The illumination intensity of 75 and 230 μmol/s*m2promoted development ofS. rebaudianaplantlets with optimal values of morphometric parameters and well developed roots, which is important for plantlet adaptation to soil conditions. ForS. tuberosumplantlets (Snegir and Rozhdestvenskiy cultivars), radiation intensity of 135 μmol/s*m2was optimal for micropropagation. The illumination intensity of 230 μmol/s*m2led to a formation of plantlets with the largest total fresh mass among experimental groups. Sun Box light with intensity of 75 μmol/s*m2could be applicated for micropropagation of these cultivars: plantlets were the highest with the largest internodes number. Thus, the plant response to different light intensity was species-spesific, and – in case of potato plantlets – cultivar-spesific. The use of artificial light sources with distinct PPFD level could be preferable forS. tuberosumandS. rebaudianaplantlet micropropagationin vitro, as it could shorten the cultivation time, accelerate cultivation time, and reduce the cost of electricity.
Mapping the Refractive Index of Dielectric Surfaces with Spherical Plasmonic Nanoantenna
Authors: Gurbatov Stanislav O. , Vitrik Oleg B. , Kuchmizhak Aleksandr
Published: September 2018

Here we demonstrate successful mapping the variations of the refractive index of a smooth dielectric surface by detecting spectral response of a single spherical-shape Ag nanoparticle optically aligned with a supporting optical fiber axicon microlens. We propose and examine various excitation schemes of the plasmonic nanoantenna to provide efficient interaction of its dipolar and quadrupolar modes with the underlying sample surface and to optimize the mapping resolution and sensitivity. Supporting finite-difference time-domain calculations are undertaken to tailor the interaction of the plasmonic nanoantenna and the underlying dielectric substrate upon various excitation conditions demonstrating good agreement with our experimental findings and explaining the obtained results.
The Effect of Multispectral Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) on the Activation of Morphogenic Processes in Cell Culture of Rice Oryza Sativa l
Authors: Kulchin Yuriy Nikolaevich , Zmeeva Vera Nikolaevna , Subbotin Evgenii Petrovich , Kostyanko Artem Andreevich
Published: September 2018

The influence of light irradiation with different intensity parameters and different spectral composition on morphogenic structures, namely green zones of cultivar Dolinny cell cultures was investigated. Light irradiation was generated by 10 types of LEDs with different spectra: cold white (Cold W), white (W), warm white (Warm W), Full spectrum, Red, Deep Red, Yellow, Green, Blue and Royal Blue. It was shown that LEDs with Cold W, W and Royal Blue more actively influenced on green zones generation, while Red, Red Deep, Yellow и Green displayed no results. Standard fluorescent lighting illumination (WFL) was used as a control. The number of induced green zones was lower under control luminescent light (WFL) in comparison with the green zones, which were induced by the illumination of the most active spectra of LEDs, but lifetime of these control structures was longer. After 19 weeks of cultivation, degradation of the green zones of the calli was not observed under control and LEDs Cold W, Warm W, and Blue in the position with maximal intensity of light. The Royal Blue illumination displayed the same results not only in the position with maximum intensity but also at the other intensities approaching the control values (49,3 230 μmol/s*m2).
Comparative Characteristics of GaAs and InAs Langmuir Evaporation - Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Spirina Anna A. , Neizvestny Igor , Shwartz Nataliya L.
Published: September 2018

The process of GaAs and InAs substrates high-temperature annealing under the Langmuir evaporation conditions is studied by Monte Carlo simulation. The temperature range of gallium arsenide and indium arsenide congruent and incongruent evaporation are determined. It was demonstrated that the congruent evaporation temperature Tc is sensitive to the vicinal surface terrace width. The decrease of the terrace width results in a decrease in the congruent evaporation temperature. The Ga and In diffusion lengths along the (111)A and (111)B surfaces at congruent temperatures are estimated. The surface morphology transformation kinetic during high-temperature annealing is analyzed.