bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of opioid dose escalation on the development of substance use disorders, accidents, self‐inflicted injuries, opioid overdoses and alcohol and non‐opioid drug‐related overdoses: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hayes Corey J. , Krebs Erin E. , Hudson Teresa , Brown Joshua , Li Chenghui , Martin Bradley C.
Published: January 2020

Aim

To understand the potential harmful effects of dose escalation among patients with chronic, non‐cancer pain (CNCP) on chronic opioid therapy.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

United States Veterans Healthcare Administration.

Participants

Veterans with CNCP and on chronic opioid therapy were identified using data from fiscal years 2008–15. The Veteran sample was approximately 90% male and 70% white.

Measurements

Dose escalators [increase of > 20% average morphine milligram equivalent (MME) daily dose] were compared with dose maintainers (change of ±20% average MME daily dose). A composite measure of subsequent substance use disorders (SUDs: opioid, non‐opioid and alcohol use disorders) and opioid‐related adverse outcomes (AOs: accidents resulting in wounds/injuries, opioid‐related and alcohol and non‐opioid medication‐related accidents and overdoses, self‐inflicted injuries) as well as the individual SUDs and AOs was examined. The primary analyses were conducted among a 1 : 1 matched sample of escalators and maintainers matched on propensity score and index date. Propensity scores were generated using demographic characteristics, medical comorbidities, medication and health‐care utilization characteristics. Subgroup analyses were conducted by quartile of the propensity score. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using adjusted logistic regression, logistic regression using stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (SIPTW) and instrumental variable (IV) models using geographic variation in opioid dose escalation as the IV.

Findings

There were 32 420 maintainers and 20 767 escalators resulting in 19 358 (93.2%) matched pairs. Composite AOs [odds ratio (OR) = 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23, 1.40], composite SUDs (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.22, 1.41) and individual SUD and AO subtypes were higher among dose escalators, except for opioid‐related accidents and overdoses and violence‐related injuries. Subgroup analyses within the propensity score quartiles found similar results. Sensitivity analyses with the adjusted and SIPTW logistic regressions found similar results to the primary analyses for all outcomes except for opioid‐related accidents and overdoses, which were found to be significantly higher among escalators. Sensitivity analyses with IV models provided mixed results with SUDs and the individual types of AOs.

Conclusion

Escalating the opioid dose for those with chronic, non‐cancer pain is associated with increased risks of substance use disorder and opioid‐related adverse outcomes.
Dieulafoy lesion in a Hartmann stump
Authors: Gundogan Ersin , Karabulut Ertugrul , Ersan Veysel , Kayaalp Cuneyt
Published: January 2020

A 70‐year‐old man underwent laparoscopic anterior resection for sigmoid carcinoma, and on postoperative day 4, he required an emergency Hartmann procedure for bowel ischemia and anastomotic leakage. Five days after the emergency procedure, there was a massive hemorrhage through the anus that appeared in the abdominal drain. During exploration, the origin of the bleeding could not be found, and the rectal stump was closed over a urinary Foley catheter (with an inflated balloon) with the help of a purse‐string suture. In the intensive care unit, massive hematochezia continued. Emergency transanal colonoscopy to the Hartmann stump found the rectum full of clotted blood. Active pulsatile arterial bleeding of a rectal Dieulafoy lesion was detected. After endoscopic hemostasis efforts failed, bleeding was stopped successfully by transanal suturing. The patient was discharged without any other problems, and no recurrent bleeding occurred during the 18‐month follow‐up. Here, we report a rectal Dieulafoy lesion in a Hartmann stump for the first time.
Key considerations and challenges in the application of social‐network research for environmental decision making
Authors: Guerrero A. M. , Barnes M. , Bodin Ö. , Chadès I. , Davis K. J. , Iftekhar M. S. , Morgans C. , Wilson K. A.
Published: January 2020

Attempts to better understand the social context in which conservation and environmental decisions are made has led to increased interest in human social networks. To improve the use of social‐network analysis in conservation, we reviewed recent studies in the literature in which such methods were applied. In our review, we looked for problems in research design and analysis that limit the utility of network analysis. Nineteen of 55 articles published from January 2016 to June 2019 exhibited at least 1 of the following problems: application of analytical methods inadequate or sensitive to incomplete network data; application of statistical approaches that ignore dependency in the network; or lack of connection between the theoretical base, research question, and choice of analytical techniques. By drawing attention to these specific areas of concern and highlighting research frontiers and challenges, including causality, network dynamics, and new approaches, we responded to calls for increasing the rigorous application of social science in conservation.
Analytics for Cross‐Border E‐Commerce: Inventory Risk Management of an Online Fashion Retailer
Authors: Shi Ye , Wang Ting , Alwan Layth C.
Published: January 2020

Problem statement: We present a data‐driven analytics study of a Chinese fashion retailer. The retailer fulfills cross‐border orders using online platforms, but faces inventory problems in its overseas warehouses, owing to operational complexities, such as extensive product offerings, high demand risks, and tax risks in cross‐border trade. Traditional approaches (e.g., model‐driven approaches) often fail to provide effective solutions. Therefore, this study proposes a new data‐driven approach to manage inventory in overseas warehouses.

Methodology: A two‐stage predictive analytics approach is implemented, as follows: (i) all items are classified into one of two classes, where ‐items are profitable to store in overseas warehouses, but ‐items are not; (ii) the demand levels of SKUs of ‐items are predicted. In the subsequent prescriptive analytics, models are proposed for optimizing inventory decisions related to ‐items. These include a deterministic model that uses the predicted demand as the true demand, and a stochastic model that treats the true demand as a random variable.

Results: (i) Using a variety of machine learning techniques in the predictive analytics phase, we find the random forest outperforms other methods. (ii) The deterministic model can be solved as a linear program, and the stochastic model with maximum entropy distributions can be solved using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. (iii) An application of our results shows that the predictive classification reduces costs (an average cost reduction of up to 20%) by avoid shipping unprofitable items to overseas warehouses. Furthermore, the stochastic model provides near‐optimal solutions (the smallest performance loss is just 0.00%).
Selection for psychosocial treatment for youth at clinical high risk for psychosis based on the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study individualized risk calculator
Authors: Worthington Michelle A. , Miklowitz David J. , O'Brien Mary , Addington Jean , Bearden Carrie E. , Cadenhead Kristin S. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , Mathalon Daniel H. , McGlashan Thomas H. , Perkins Diana O. , Seidman Larry J. , Tsuang Ming T. , Walker Elaine F. , Woods Scott W. , Cannon Tyrone D.
Published: January 2020

Aim

Recent findings suggest that family‐focused therapy (FFT) is effective for individuals at clinical high‐risk for psychosis (CHR‐P). As outcomes of CHR‐P individuals are quite varied, certain psychosocial interventions may be differentially effective in subgroups. The present study examined change in positive symptoms for CHR‐P individuals at different levels of predicted risk for conversion to psychosis who received either FFT, a brief form of family education termed enhanced care (EC) or treatment as usual.

Methods

Participants were drawn from the North American Prodromal Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2). A subset of NAPLS2 participants completed a randomized study involving FFT or EC. The present study includes participants from the FFT‐CHR sub‐study and non‐randomized NAPLS2 participants. Predicted risk of conversion was calculated using the Individualized Risk Calculator for Psychosis. Robust linear regressions evaluated whether the association between predicted risk of conversion and positive symptom change differed across intervention groups.

Results

A total of 94 participants from the FFT‐CHR sub‐study (FFT‐CHR n = 50, EC n = 44) and 401 non‐randomized NAPLS2 participants were included in this study. There was a treatment group by predicted risk of conversion interaction that predicted positive symptom improvement: higher risk individuals improved more with FFT‐CHR than EC or the non‐randomized NAPLS group, whereas lower‐risk individuals did not differ in positive symptom improvement across treatment groups (FFT‐CHR vs EC: P = .03, β = 20.27; FFT‐CHR vs NAPLS2: P < .001, β = 28.40).

Conclusions

Intensive treatments such as FFT‐CHR may be most appropriate for individuals at the highest levels of clinical risk for psychosis.
Entrepreneurial Intentions among University Students: The Moderating Role of Creativity
Authors: Entrialgo Montserrat , Iglesias Víctor
Published: January 2020

Many institutions have carried out different policies to promote entrepreneurship as a way to stimulate economic development. However, educational policies and stimulus for entrepreneurship do not produce the same effects on different people. This is a source of inefficiencies. The aim of this paper is to deepen into the analysis of the effects of one key personal characteristic on entrepreneurial behavior: creativity. We analyze the effects of creativity on the generation of entrepreneurial intentions. A moderation analysis was conducted on data obtained from a final sample of 502 undergraduate students. The results indicated that the creativity not only has direct influence on attitudes and perceived control but that it also has a positive moderating effect on the influence of attitudes on entrepreneurial intentions. These results highlight the relevance of the interactive effects of personal characteristics on entrepreneurial behaviors. Several implications for entrepreneurship education have been drawn from this study.
Translation and preliminary validation of an ageism scale for dental students in Brazil (ASDS‐Braz)
Authors: Rucker Ryan , Barlow Patrick B. , Bertolini Fernandes dos Santos Mateus , Carrera Malhao Eduarda , Kossioni Anastassia , Marchini Leonardo
Published: January 2020

Background and Objective

Ageism is a major barrier for age‐appropriate care. The aim of this study was to translate and perform a preliminary validation of an ageism scale for dental students (ASDS) in Brazil (ASDS‐Braz).

Methods

The 27‐item original ageism scale was translated from English into Brazilian Portuguese. A panel of five Brazilian dental educators revised the scale to establish content validity. The translated version was completed by 156 dental students in the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil. Principal component analysis, internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity were estimated.

Results

All items in the Brazilian Portuguese version received a content validity index score ≥0.80 indicating that they were relevant to the topic. The principal component analysis produced a 12‐item scale with three components that accounted for 51% of the overall variance. The first component contained six items associated with a negative view of older adults; the second component contained three items dealing with the complexity of providing care for older adults; and the third component contained three items associated with a positive view of older people. Discriminant validity did not show any differences related to demographic factors, the semester of studies and history of living with older people.

Conclusions

The preliminary validation of the ASDS‐Braz produced a 12‐item scale with three components with acceptable validity and reliability. Future research in a larger, multi‐institutional sample is now warranted.
Temporary vocal cord paralysis following hemodialysis catheter placement
Authors: Murt Ahmet , Dincer Mevlut T. , Karaca Cebrail , Trabulus Sinan , Altiparmak Mehmet R. , Seyahi Nurhan
Published: January 2020

We report a case of temporary right vocal cord paralysis manifesting as hoarseness after hemodialysis, beginning several hours after placement of a non‐cuffed hemodialysis catheter into the right internal jugular vein using prilocaine local anesthesia. Diagnosis of right vocal cord paralysis was confirmed by laryngoscopy. Hoarseness completely resolved that same day, and subsequent laryngoscopy showed normal vocal cord movement, suggesting that the most likely cause of the initial vocal cord paralysis was diffusion of the local anesthetic agent injected during catheter insertion.
Flexible and Assembled Bordering Practices for Mexicans travelling to Canada
Authors: Villegas Paloma E.
Published: January 2020

This article examines a temporary residence visa (TRV) requirement for Mexicans travelling to Canada 2009–2016. The policy was implemented to control the travel of Mexican refugee claimants to Canada, with the explanation that they were making “bogus” claims. Drawing on a critical discourse analysis of news sources, parliamentary debates, and policy documents, I argue that the TRV and subsequent policies and practices enacted during the 2009–2016 period illustrate bordering practices as flexible and assembled, regulating entry and access to secure immigration status. I analyse how bordering practices operated through the enactment of policy, the circulation of anti‐immigrant/anti‐Mexican discourses, and economic arguments about the cost of lifting the TRV. They were also affected by U.S.‐Canada relationships, particularly after the 2016 U.S. election.
Current approach to eating disorders: a clinical update
Authors: Hay Phillipa
Published: January 2020

This article presents current diagnostic conceptualisations of eating disorders, including new disorders such as binge eating disorder (BED) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). This is followed by contemporary findings in the epidemiology of eating disorders, their broad sociodemographic distribution and the increases in community prevalence. Advances and the current status of evidence‐based treatment and outcomes for the main eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and BED are discussed with focus on first‐line psychological therapies. Deficits in knowledge and directions for further research are highlighted, particularly with regard to treatments for BED and ARFID, how to improve treatment engagement and the management of osteopenia.
Higher rates of carbapenem‐related seizures in older hospitalised adults
Authors: Neo Han‐Yee , Tan Keng‐Teng , Caroline Caroline , Wei‐Han Ng David , Pei‐Ying Ho Esther , Lim Jun‐Pei , Hsien‐Xiong Lee Raphael , Choon‐Kiat Tan Nigel , Chien‐Boon Lye David , Ding Yew‐Yoong
Published: January 2020

Clinical experience suggests higher occurrence of carbapenem‐associated seizures in the elderly than what is reported in the available literature (range between 0.2% and 0.7%). An audit of 1345 patients with age 60 years or older, who received imipenem, ertapenem or meropenem during their acute hospitalisation found 32 (2.4%) subjects developed seizures. Subjects with more than one central nervous system disorders were 11.6 times more likely to develop seizures (odds ratio 11.61, P < 0.001) and subjects with prior history of seizures is associated with four times greater risks (odds ratio 4.02, P = 0.005). Physicians should exercise caution when prescribing carbapenems in elderly, especially those with known epilepsy and a high number of intracranial pathologies.
Preparation of placental tissue transplants and their application in skin wound healing and chosen skin bullous diseases ‐ Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis treatment
Authors: Klama‐Baryła Agnieszka , Rojczyk Ewa , Kitala Diana , Łabuś Wojciech , Smętek Wojciech , Wilemska‐Kucharzewska Katarzyna , Kucharzewski Marek
Published: January 2020

Unique properties of amniotic membrane make it a promising source for tissue engineering and a clinically useful alternative for patients suffering from chronic wounds including, for example, ulcers, burns, ocular surface damages and wounds occurring in the course of bullous diseases like stevens‐johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Its use has many advantages over standard wound care, as it contains pluripotent cells, nutrients, anti‐fibrotic and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Placental tissues can be prepared as a medical component, an advanced therapy medicinal product or a tissue graft. In addition to basic preparation procedures such as washing, rinsing, cutting, drying and sterilisation, there are many optional steps such as perforation, crosslinking and decellularisation. Finally, transplants should be properly stored—in cryopreserved or dehydrated form. In recent years, many studies including basic science and clinical trials have proven the potential to expand the use of amniotic membrane and amnion‐derived cells to the fields of orthopaedics, dentistry, surgery, urology, vascular tissue engineering and even oncology. In this review, we discuss the role of placental tissues in skin wound healing and in the treatment of various diseases, with particular emphasis on bullous diseases. We also describe some patented procedures for placental tissue grafts preparation.
Preprocedural computed tomography before cardiac implanted electronic device lead extraction: Indication, technique, and approach to interpretation
Authors: Lewis Robert K. , Ehieli Wendy L. , Hegland Donald D. , Pokorney Sean D. , Chalian Hamid , Iranmanesh Reggy , Hurwitz Koweek Lynne M. , Piccini Jonathan P.
Published: January 2020

Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) frequently need to be extracted due to infection, hardware failure, and other causes. The extraction of the CIED is typically performed using percutaneous methods. While these procedures are mostly performed without incident there is a small risk of significant complications. Dedicated imaging pre‐CEID removal to include the central veins and heart with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) can be utilized to evaluate the lead course and termination, the integrity of the central veins and cardiac chambers, and identify potential complications that may alter the lead extraction procedure as well as reimplantation of subsequent leads. Indications for preprocedural imaging, the technique of dedicated preprocedural lead extraction MDCT, and the approach to the interpretation of the images is discussed in this review.
Role of inducibility and its dynamic change in the outcome of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a single center prospective study
Authors: Darma Angeliki , Daneschnejad Sait S. , Gaspar Thomas , Huo Yan , Wetzel Ulrike , Dagres Nikolaos , Husser Daniela , Sommer Philipp , Piorkowski Christopher , Bollmann Andreas , Hindricks Gerhard , Arya Arash
Published: January 2020

Background

The role of atrial arrhythmia inducibility as an endpoint of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) has been a controversial subject in many studies. Our goal is to evaluate the significance of inducibility, the impact of multiple sites or protocols of stimulation or the change in inducibility status in a prospective study including patients with AF undergoing first catheter ablation.

Methods

We studied 170 consecutive patients with AF (62.9% paroxysmal) undergoing catheter ablation. All patients underwent two separate stimulation protocols before and after the ablation from the coronary sinus ostium and the left atrial appendage: burst pacing at 300, 250, 200 milliseconds (or until refractoriness) for 10 seconds and ramp decrementing from 300 to 200 milliseconds in increments of 10 milliseconds every three beats for 10 seconds. Inducibility was defined as any sustained AF or organized atrial tachycardia (AT) lasting >30 seconds.

Results

We had AF/AT inducibility in 55 patients at baseline compared to 36 following ablation. After a mean of 41, 3 months follow‐up, 115 patients were free of AF. Inducibility before or after the ablation or change in inducibility status did not influence AF recurrence. There were no significant differences regarding paroxysmal or persistent patients with AF.

Conclusions

Non‐inducibility of atrial arrhythmia or change in inducibility status following pulmonary vein (PV) isolation and substrate modification are not associated with long‐term freedom from recurrent arrhythmia. Therefore, the use of induction of an endpoint in AF ablation is limited.
Optimization of the porcine liver enzymatic hydrolysis conditions
Authors: Maluf José U. , Fiorese Mônica L. , Maestre Keiti L. , Dos Passos Fernanda R. , Finkler Joana K. , Fleck Jessica F. , Borba Carlos E.
Published: January 2020

Worldwide porcine slaughterhouses produce significant amounts of by‐products, such as porcine liver, daily. Even though the liver presents a very restricted market demand when raw, this product is composed of an exceptional nutritional content, with emphasis on protein, being, therefore, characterized as a potential raw material to produce protein hydrolysates. This article aimed to study the production of protein hydrolysate using the commercial enzymes Alcalase 2.4L™ and Novo Pro‐D™. For the development of this research, a central composite rotatable design with 4 axial points was applied for each enzyme. The factors evaluated were protein/water and enzyme/substrate ratios. The best hydrolysis results indicate average percentages of hydrolysis degree of 27.5% for both enzymes. The presence of low‐molecular‐weight peptides was also evidenced by the electrophoresis technique. It is, therefore, concluded that there is positive viability for the use of hydrolyzed porcine liver in differentiated food applications with an aggregate market value.

Practical Applications

At present, the worldwide growing dissemination of food scarcity has become a stimulus for the food industry to rethink the efficient use of raw materials to avoid waste and maximize the use of existing nutritional resources. A potential way of exploiting the nutritional value of the protein by‐products with no commercial applications is their transformation into protein hydrolysates by means of enzymatic processes. Protein hydrolysates have been in focus in the scientific community with industrial applications as beneficial products to the ingesting body, for acting as either nutraceuticals or functional bioactive foods. Commercialization of this type of product has become a growing market niche. Thus, this research, which presents an investigation regarding the conditions of the porcine liver hydrolysis, fits within current issues, with innovative potential of obtainment of bioactive peptides from by‐products.
The impacts of water and ethanolic extracts of propolis on vacuum packaged sardine fillets inoculated with Morganella psychrotolerans during chilly storage
Authors: Yazgan Hatice , Burgut Aykut , Durmus Mustafa , Kosker Ali Rıza
Published: January 2020

The impacts of water and ethanolic extracts of propolis at a dose of 0.4 or 0.8% on vacuum packaged sardine fillets inoculated with Morganella psychrotolerans DSM 17886 during storage at 3 ± 1°C for 15 days were investigated. All fish groups were inoculated with M. psychrotolerans (108 cfu/ml) at a rate of 1%. Sensory, colorimetric, chemical analysis (total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid, peroxide values, and free fatty acids), pH value, and microbiological analysis (viable mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria, coliform, and lactic acid bacteria count) were carried out. An enhance in L* values was found in the group treated with 0.8% ethanolic extracts of propolis on the seventh day of the storage. Application of propolis extract on fish fillets significantly inhibited bacterial growth during storage and extended shelf life of sardine for 4 and 6 days by the use of water extract and for 8 days by the use of ethanolic extract at doses of 0.4 and 0.8%, respectively. The result of the study revealed that application of propolis extracts, mainly ethanolic propolis extracts on sardine fillets resulted in lower lipid oxidation and bacterial growth, therefore, could be natural food additive for preservation of fish fillets.
The Euro Area Bond Free Float and the Implications for QE
Authors: BLATTNER TOBIAS S. , JOYCE MICHAEL A. S.
Published: January 2020

This paper examines how shocks to government bond duration risk held by price‐sensitive investors affect the euro area term structure of interest rates and the wider macroeconomy. We construct a new measure of the bond “free float,” which adjusts total debt for foreign official holdings and weights by residual maturity. Using a small macrofinance Bayesian Vector Autoregression (VAR) model, we estimate that the first round of asset purchases under the European Central Bank's (ECB) public sector purchase program reduced euro area 10‐year bond yields by around 30 bps in 2015. The positive impact on the output gap and inflation in 2016 was about 0.2 and 0.3 ppt, respectively.
Identifying possible risk factors for cesarean scar pregnancy based on a retrospective study of 291 cases
Authors: Zhou XianYi , Li Hua , Fu XiaoDong
Published: January 2020

Aim

Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a rare but life‐threatening type of ectopic pregnancy. This study's aim is to investigate the clinical characteristics and possible risk factors for cesarean scar pregnancy.

Methods

A clinically randomized, unpaired and retrospective case–control study was implemented. A study group of 291 CSP patients and a control group of 317 full‐term pregnant women with a history of cesarean section (CS) were recruited in our hospital from May 2013 to October 2018. Their demographic characteristics and medical and obstetric history were collected.

Results

Only symptoms suggestive of an impending abortion, such as vaginal bleeding with or without abdominal pain, were identified as the clinical characteristics of CSP. Maternal age older than 35 years, gravidity higher than 3 (especially gravidity higher than 5), more than two induced abortions (especially more than five abortions), an interval of less than 5 years (especially less than 2 years) between the current pregnancy and the last CS, history of CS performed in a rural hospital, history of induced abortions after CS and retroposition of the uterus were possible independent risk factors for CSP.

Conclusion

CSP is a result of a combination of multiple factors associated with CS. There are no unique early clinical features of CSP. As a unique type of ectopic pregnancy, early diagnosis, early termination and early clearance should be the treatment principles. Further research is needed to evaluate the relationship between the cesarean scar defect and CSP in the future.
Effect of Denture Cleansing Solutions on the Retention of Locator Attachments Over Time
Authors: Ayyıldız Simel , Şahin Cem , Emir Faruk , Ersu Bahadır
Published: January 2020

Purpose

To evaluate and compare the alterations in retention of three Locator attachments after immersion in various denture cleansers at defined time intervals.

Materials and Methods

Two implants were embedded in an acrylic block. Pink, blue, and clear Locator attachments (n = 10 for each subgroup) were immersed into three different cleansing solutions (Corega, Protefix and NaOCl) and tap water (control) at different time intervals that simulate 1 (T1), 6 (T2), and 12 (T3) months of clinical use. Universal testing machine set at a crosshead speed of 50 mm/min was used for pull‐out tests. After the immersion procedure, the peak force to dislodgement was recorded to demonstrate the changes in retention of Locator attachments. Data were analyzed using repeated‐measures ANOVA followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) tests (α = .05).

Results

All denture cleansing solutions affected the retentive values of all Locator attachments at defined time intervals (F = 4.299, p = 0.001). NaOCl affected all groups significantly after 12‐month immersion time (p = 0.001). The least retention loss at all subgroups was observed in Corega for clear Locator attachments (106.17 ± 5.21 N). The difference in retention values for pink attachments were not statistically significant for tap water, Protefix and Corega immersion at all time intervals (p > 0.05). Following NaOCl (blue; 33.31 ± 4.72 N, clear; 52.3 ± 8.5 N), tap water decreased the retention value of blue (41.14 ± 3.93 N) and clear (76.72 ± 8.42 N) Locator attachments at T3. Corega caused the least retention loss to clear attachments at T1 (106.17 ± 3.55 N).

Conclusion

The retention of Locator attachments decreases over time after exposure to various denture cleansing solutions. As NaOCl significantly decreased the retentive values of all attachments, patients must be informed about that disadvantage. Also, tap water remarkably decreased retentive ability of all attachments. Periodic addition of an effervescent tablet into tap water may be recommended to patients that wear implant retained overdentures with Locator attachments.
Endogenous lipoid pneumonia associated with pulmonary neoplasia in three dogs
Authors: Pérez‐Accino J. , Liuti T. , Pecceu E. , Cazzini P.
Published: January 2020

Endogenous lipoid pneumonia is a poorly characterised condition in veterinary medicine, particularly in dogs, but it is well recognised in association with lung neoplasia in humans. This case series describes three unique cases of endogenous lipoid pneumonia associated with lung neoplasia, including clinical, imaging, cytological findings and outcome. Clinical presentation and imaging lesions can appear non‐specific and may be obscured by neoplastic infiltrate and so diagnosis requires cytology or histopathology. Awareness of endogenous lipoid pneumonia in dogs with pulmonary neoplasia has an impact on staging and monitoring, treatment of clinical signs and quality of life and also aids appropriate use of antimicrobials.
The impact of social jetlag and chronotype on attention, inhibition and decision making in healthy adults
Authors: McGowan Niall M. , Uzoni Adriana , Faltraco Frank , Thome Johannes , Coogan Andrew N.
Published: January 2020

Sleep and circadian clock disruption are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but the impact on neurocognitive performance is unclear. We assessed whether chronotype and everyday circadian misalignment manifested as social jetlag were associated with inter‐individual neurocognitive performance across domains of attention, inhibitory control and decision making. One hundred and eighty‐eight healthy young adults were assessed for sleep and circadian properties and performed two neurocognitive tasks, the Continuous Performance Test and the Iowa Gambling Task. Social jetlag was associated with significantly faster and less variable reaction times and commission errors on the Continuous Performance Test. Poorer subjective sleep quality was associated with poorer decision making on the Iowa Gambling Task. No effects were present for polymorphisms in the circadian clock genes CLOCK and PER3. We conclude that circadian disruption shaped by everyday environmental factors may impact on attentional/inhibitory performance but not on a measure of risky decision making.
Aniridia with PAX6 mutations and narcolepsy
Authors: Berntsson Shala Ghaderi , Kristoffersson Anna , Daniilidou Makrina , Dahl Niklas , Ekström Curt , Semnic Robert , Markström Agneta , Niemelä Valter , Partinen Markku , Hallböök Finn , Landtblom Anne‐Marie
Published: January 2020

PAX6 gene mutations cause a variety of eye and central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. Aniridia is often accompanied by CNS abnormalities such as pineal gland atrophy or hypoplasia, leading to disturbed circadian rhythm and sleep disorders. Less is known on the coincidence of narcolepsy in this patient group. We aimed to find out whether the circadian rhythm or sleep–wake structure was affected in patients with aniridia. Four members of a family segregating with congenital aniridia in two generations were included in the study. The patients were subjected to genetic testing for a PAX6 mutation, multiple sleep latency test, whole‐brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hypocretin‐1 in cerebrospinal fluid, and Human Leukocyte Antigen DQ beta1*06:02. All four members were heterozygous for the pathogenic c.959‐1G>A mutation in the PAX6 gene. Sleep disturbance was observed in all family members. The index patient was diagnosed with narcolepsy. MRI showed a hypoplastic pineal gland in all members. We describe the first case of a patient with PAX6 haploinsufficiency, aniridia and pineal gland hypoplasia diagnosed with narcolepsy type‐1, suggesting a complex sleep disorder pathogenesis.
Encounters between children's nurses and culturally diverse parents in primary health care
Authors: Belintxon Maider , Dogra Nisha , McGee Paula , Pumar‐Mendez Maria Jesus , Lopez‐Dicastillo Olga
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to analyze the healthcare encounters between nurses and parents of different cultural backgrounds in primary health care. An ethnographic study was carried out using participant observations in health centers and interviews with nurses. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis and constant comparative method. Four main themes were identified when nurses met parents of other cultural backgrounds: lack of mutual understanding, electronic records hamper the interaction, lack of professionals' cultural awareness and skills, and nurses establish superficial or distant relationships. The concepts of ethnocentrism and cultural imposition are behind these findings, hampering the provision of culturally competent care in primary health services. There were difficulties in obtaining and registering culturally related aspects that influence children's health and development. This was due to e‐records, language barriers, and the lack of cultural awareness and skills in health professionals making the encounters difficult for both nurses and parents. These findings show that there is a clear threat for health equity and safety in primary care if encounters between nurses and parents do not improve to enable nursing care to be tailored to any individual family needs.
A Case for Moral History – Universality and Change in Ethics after Wittgenstein
Authors: Hämäläinen Nora
Published: January 2020

In this paper, I raise the question of how the tradition of ethics after Wittgenstein tends to neglect the historicity of morality, in a way which is not representative of the complexity of Wittgenstein’s own thinking. I analyse a tendency towards one‐sidedness in the preferred diet of philosophical examples, where focus lies on recognition of, and ethical attentiveness to, a fellow person or creature. Although these examples play an important role in their own right, the overuse of such examples, along with a certain notion of “philosophical grammar”, detracts from a historically sensitive investigation of our ethical forms of life.
Clinicopathological significance of the single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2853669 within the TERT promoter in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Hirokawa Tatsuya , Arimasu Yuu , Chiba Tomohiro , Fujiwara Masachika , Kamma Hiroshi
Published: January 2020

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy. Point mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter, C228T and C250T and oncogene BRAFV600E have been investigated as risk factors for PTC. However, little research has been done on the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2853669 in the TERT promoter in PTC. This study aimed to clarify the clinicopathological significance of rs2853669 in Japanese patients with PTC. The genetic frequencies of rs2853669, C228T, C250T and BRAFV600E were investigated in 58 patients with PTC and compared with the clinicopathological parameters of PTC. rs2853669, C228T, C250T and BRAFV600E were found in 58.6%, 17.2%, 5.2% and 37.0% of the PTC patients, respectively. PTC with rs2853669 and C228T were associated only with tumor sizes larger than 2.0 cm (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the coexistence of rs2853669 and C228T was strongly associated with tumor size (P < 0.01), with an odds ratio of 6.4 (P < 0.05). We showed that rs2853669, as well as C228T, may be a risk factor for the aggressiveness of PTC, and the coexistence of these mutations might represent greater risk.
Dementia palliative care in the acute psychiatric hospital: A feasibility study
Authors: Gentry Melanie T. , Clark Matthew M. , Ryan Susan M. , Rummans Teresa A. , Lapid Maria I.
Published: January 2020

Purpose

We explored the feasibility of a clinical pathway to identify hospitalized patients with dementia who would benefit from a palliative intervention.

Design and Methods

Consecutive geropsychiatric admissions were screened for terminal dementia to be randomized to a palliative consultation vs usual care.

Findings

A total of 43 of the 188 patients (23%) had dementia; however, dementia stages were severe but not terminal. The pathway was not feasible because of the lack of the target population in the inpatient setting for the intervention.

Practice Implications

New clinical pathways are needed to identify patients with dementia who would benefit from palliative care.
District nurses’ views on and experiences with a telemedicine educational programme in palliative care
Authors: Bauer Eithne Hayes , Bollig Georg , Dieperink Karin B.
Published: January 2020

Background

Medical advancements, limited resources and shifting demographics have increased the number of patients with palliative care needs in primary care. To address educational needs, the specialised palliative care team of South Jutland, Denmark, created a telemedicine educational programme in palliative care to empower district nurses.

Aim

The study aimed to explore district nurses’ views on and experiences with a telemedicine educational programme in palliative care.

Research methods

A qualitative explorative study based on interpretive description was conducted. Data collection consisted of four focus group interviews with district nurses from three municipalities, supplemented by participant observations and a focus group interview with teachers from the specialised palliative care team. Data were analysed using predominately inductive thematic analysis.

Results

District nurses (n = 15) who participated in the programme and members of the specialised palliative care team (n = 6) who taught the programme were included. Analysis revealed the following advantages: reaffirming and updating existing knowledge, reduced professional isolation and creation of a forum to promote knowledge dissemination. A disadvantage was limited interaction between teachers and district nurses, questioning suitability for teaching complex palliative care. Initial technical problems affected motivation to participate. Organisational support differed between participating municipalities resulting in varying degrees of programme integration. Despite advantages of IT‐expert‐led sessions, key‐nurse‐led sessions in smaller groups proved more beneficial, suggesting a combination of IT support and key‐nurse management to maximise benefits.

Conclusion

The use of an inter‐professional telemedicine educational programme to teach palliative care to district nurses is beneficial. However, programmes should be designed for interactivity and address varying educational needs. Key‐nurse roles require managerial and IT support to optimise knowledge dissemination. Further research on implementation of telemedicine education in palliative care is needed.
Optimal Mini Segway Control Using Non-Minimum Phase Sample and Hold Input
Authors: Wang Yingxu , Zhu Guoming G.
Published: January 2020

Our early work shows the reduction of feasible sampling period when sample and hold inputs (SHI) are used to convert a continuous-time non-minimum phase (NMP) system to a discrete-time minimum phase (MP) system, comparing to conventional zero-order hold. Consequently, high-gain discrete-time controllers can be designed and used to improve continuous-time NMP system performance since the resulting discrete-time system is MP. This paper demonstrates the performance improvements of a mini Segway robot through experiments utilizing a dual-loop control architecture. An inner-loop continuous-time controller stabilizes the mini Segway robot and the outer-loop discrete-time controller, designed based on the discrete-time MP system, is used to improve the overall system performance. Experimental results show that the mini Segway cart oscillation magnitudes are significantly reduced and its stability is also improved. This study also confirms the feasibility of implementing the SHI into a low cost microcontroller such as Arduino. That is, the additional computational load of SHIs is minimal.
Glycan Profiles of gp120 Protein Vaccines from Four Major HIV-1 Subtypes Produced from Different Host Cell Lines under Non-GMP or GMP Conditions
Authors: Wang Shixia , Voronin Yegor , Zhao Peng , Ishihara Mayumi , Mehta Nickita , Porterfield Mindy , Chen Yuxin , Bartley Christopher , Hu Guangnan , Han Dong , Wells Lance , Tiemeyer Michael , Lu Shan
Published: January 2020

HIV-1 Env protein is a major target for the development of an HIV-1 vaccine. Env is covered with a large number of sugar-based glycan forms; about 50% of the Env molecular weight is composed of glycans. Glycan analysis of recombinant Env is important for understanding its roles in viral pathogenesis and immune responses. The current report presents the first extensive comparison of glycosylation patterns of recombinant gp120 proteins from four major clades of HIV-1 produced in two different cell lines, grown either under laboratory conditions or at 50-liter GMP scale in different lots. Information learned in this study is valuable for the further design and production of HIV-1 Env proteins as the critical components of HIV-1 vaccine formulations.
Genome Sequence of
Novoherbaspirillum
sp. UKPF54, a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterial Strain with N
2
O-Mitigating Abilities, Isolated from Paddy Soil
Authors: Gao Nan , Zhou Chaowei , Shen Weishou , Ota Sayuri , Shiratori Yutaka , Nishizawa Tomoyasu , Isobe Kazuo , He Xinhua , Ying Hanjie , Senoo Keishi
Published: January 2020

Novoherbaspirillum
sp. strain UKPF54, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with the ability to mitigate nitrous oxide emission from agriculture soils, has been successfully isolated from paddy soil in Kumamoto, Japan. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of this strain.
Draft Genome Sequence of Yersinia ruckeri Strain FMV-22, Isolated from Diseased Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Peru
Authors: Mesías Fernando , Gerpe Diego , Llanco Luis , Serrano-Martínez E. , Romalde Jesús L.
Published: January 2020

Yersinia ruckeri
is a significant and frequent bacterial fish pathogen in Peru. We report the draft genome sequence of strain FMV-22, isolated from a diseased rainbow trout, which consists of 3.84 Mb, with a G+C content of 47.45% and 3,765 protein-coding genes.
Genome Sequence of a Human Norovirus GII.4 Hong Kong[P31] Variant in Hong Kong, China
Authors: Tse Erin H. Y. , Zhang Lin-Yao , Lau Sin-Leung , Chan Martin Chi-Wai
Published: January 2020

We report the nearly complete genome of a norovirus GII.4 Hong Kong[P31] variant (GII strain Hu/HK/2019/GII.4 Hong Kong[P31]/CUHK-NS-2200) that was detected in a patient with gastroenteritis in August 2019. The genome was sequenced by metagenomic next-generation sequencing and was found to have 92.8% nucleotide similarity to the closest GII.4 norovirus sequence in GenBank.
Draft Genome Sequence of Acidianus ambivalens DSM 3772, an Aerobic Thermoacidophilic Sulfur Disproportionator
Authors: Bertran Emma , Ward Lewis M. , Johnston David T.
Published: January 2020

Here, we describe the genome sequence of
Acidianus ambivalens
DSM 3772, an archaeon belonging to the
Sulfolobales
order that was first isolated from continental solfataric fields. This thermoacidophile was sequenced because it utilizes a unique sulfur disproportionation pathway that enables this metabolism under aerobic conditions, in contrast to obligately anaerobic bacterial sulfur disproportionators.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Desulfofundulus thermobenzoicus
subsp.
thermosyntrophicus
DSM 14055, a Moderately Thermophilic Sulfate Reducer
Authors: Bertran Emma , Ward Lewis M. , Johnston David T.
Published: January 2020

Here, we describe the genome of
Desulfofundulus thermobenzoicus
subsp.
thermosyntrophicus
DSM 14055, a member of the
Clostridiales
that is capable of sulfate reduction coupled to the oxidation of propionate, lactate, pyruvate, and H
2
/CO
2
. This genome expands our understanding of microbial sulfate reduction (MSR) in anaerobic methanogenic environments.
Complete Genome Sequence of Collection Strain Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA-1790, Used as a Model To Study the Antibiotic Resistance Reversion Induced by Iodine-Containing Complexes
Authors: Korotetskiy Ilya S. , Joubert Monique , Magabotha Sade M. , Jumagaziyeva Ardak B. , Shilov Sergey V. , Suldina Natalya A. , Kenesheva Sabina T. , Yssel Anna , Reva Oleg N. , Ilin Aleksandr I.
Published: January 2020

The strain
Acinetobacter baumannii
ATCC BAA-1790 was sequenced as a model for nosocomial multidrug-resistant infections. Long-read PacBio sequencing revealed a circular chromosome of 3,963,235 bp with two horizontally transferred genomic islands and a 67,023-bp plasmid. Multiple antibiotic resistance genes and genome methylation patterns were identified.
Complete Genome Sequence of a New
Clostridium
sp. Isolated from Anaerobic Digestion and Biomethanation
Authors: Hahnke Sarah , Abendroth Christian , Pascual Javier , Langer Thomas , Ramm Patrice , Klocke Michael , Luschnig Olaf , Porcar Manuel
Published: January 2020

Here, we present the genome sequence and annotation of the bacterial strain HV4-5-A1G, a potentially new
Clostridium
species. Based on its genomic data, this strain may act as a keystone microorganism in the hydrolysis of complex polymers, as well as in the different acidogenesis and acetogenesis steps during anaerobic digestion.
Systematic Analysis of Efflux Pump-Mediated Antiseptic Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Suggests a Need for Greater Antiseptic Stewardship
Authors: LaBreck Patrick T. , Bochi-Layec Audrey C. , Stanbro Joshua , Dabbah-Krancher Gina , Simons Mark P. , Merrell D. Scott
Published: January 2020

S. aureus
remains a significant cause of disease within hospitals and communities. To reduce the burden of
S. aureus
infections, antiseptics are ubiquitously used in our daily lives. Furthermore, many antiseptic compounds are dual purpose and are found in household products. The increased abundance of antiseptic compounds has selected for
S. aureus
strains that carry efflux pumps that increase resistance to antiseptic compounds; however, the effect of carrying multiple pumps within
S. aureus
is unclear. We demonstrated that an isogenic strain carrying multiple efflux pumps had an additive resistance phenotype to cetrimide. Moreover, in a strain carrying
qacA
and
norA
, increased chlorhexidine tolerance was observed after the strain was preexposed to subinhibitory concentrations of a different common-use antiseptic. Taken together, our findings demonstrate cooperation between antiseptic resistance efflux pumps and suggest that their protective phenotype may be exacerbated by priming with subinhibitory concentrations of household antiseptics.