bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A response surface methodology for the use of MIL‐101 as a catalyst for the one‐step synthesis of lactide
Authors: Novia Clara , Curie Catia Angli , Gozan Misri
Published: January 2024

Lactide is a vital monomer for producing high molecular weight polylactic acid (PLA) through ring‐opening polymerization. This study synthesized crude lactide from L‐lactic acid with MIL‐101 as the catalyst. MIL‐101 is a metal‐based catalyst with organic ligands (MOF) that was prepared by reacting Cr(NO3)3.9H2O with terephthalic acid (BDC). The formation of MIL‐101 was confirmed from Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The role of MIL‐101 and the effect of temperature, time, and MIL‐101 loading, as well as their interactions in the conversion of lactic acid to crude lactide, were then investigated using the response surface method (RSM). Crude lactide was analyzed using 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to confirm the presence of lactide. The RSM results indicated that the highest conversion of 22.84% can be obtained using a temperature of 175 °C, 1.5% w/w MIL‐101 loading, and a reaction time of 5 h. The RSM model showed that the interaction of MIL‐101 loading and reaction time strongly affected the conversion of lactic acid to lactide, with a P‐value of 0.0021 and an F‐value of 50.45. In contrast, the interaction of catalyst loading and temperature did not significantly affect the conversion of lactic acid to lactide, with a P‐value of 0.2565 and an F‐value of 1.75.
Sistem Formula dan Fungsi Dalam Tradisi Lisan Hida`a Al-Ibil
Authors: Izdihar Rifdy
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini membahas sistem formula dan fungsi-fungsi yang terdapat di dalam salah satu tradisi lisan dari Saudi Arabia, yaitu tradisi lisan Hida`a Al-Ibil. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori formula dari Parry-Lord dan teori fungsi dari Alan Dundes. Objek material yang diteliti adalah dua puluh delapan contoh Hidā`a Al-Ibil terdiri dari tiga belas contoh dari artikel Qasaid Hawabil al-Ibil Ilhaqu aljiblan.net yang ditulis oleh Saud Lami,  dua contoh dari artikel Gina al-Ibil al-Huda`a: Fann al-‘Arab al-Aqdam Alladzi Ahabbahu Rasulu al-Islam wa Mārasahu ‘Adadun Min as-Sahābah raseef22.net yang ditulis oleh Ahmad Matārik, dan tiga belas contoh dari artikel Al-Hida`a Al-Harbi Istinhāḍ Li Al-Himam Wa I’tizāz wa Iftikhār Bi Amjād Al-Hāḍir wa Al-Māḍi www.alriyadh.com yang ditulis oleh Abdurrahim Al-Ahmadi. Hasil penelitian berupa adanya dua tipe formula di dalam tradisi lisan Hida`a Al-Ibil, yaitu berupa pengulangan kata-kata serta penggunaan nama-nama daerah di sekitar Saudi Arabia. Hasil penelitian juga berupa adanya fungsi-fungsi dari tradisi lisan Hida`a Al-Ibil yang diperuntukkan untuk masyarakat Badui Saudi Arabia. Kelima fungsi Hida`a Al-Ibil yaitu fungsi membantu pendidikan anak muda, meningkatkan perasaan solidaritas kelompok, memberi sanksi sosial agar masyarakat berperilaku baik atau memberi hukuman, sebagai sarana kritik sosial, memberikan suatu pelarian yang menyenangkan dari kenyataan, dan mengubah pekerjaan yang membosankan menjadi permainan
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIVE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BARK EXTRACTS OF ACACIA CATECHU BY IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ANALYSIS
Authors: TIWARI ARCHANA , TIWARI AVINASH
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objective of this research was to examine and compare the capacity of several bark extracts of Acacia catechu to scavenge nitric oxide (NO) free radicals. The study also examined the evaluation of variations in concentration that are reliant on both concentration levels and seasonal changes, using samples obtained throughout various seasons over a span of two consecutive years.
Methods: In this study, six extracts were made utilizing solvents, including ethanol, methanol, aqueous solution, acetone, chloroform, and benzene. In the in vitro investigation, a nitric oxide (NO) assay was conducted to evaluate the free radical scavenging efficacy of the test samples.
Results: Out of seven tested sample concentrations, 15.25 µg/ml was reported to be ineffective; higher than 500 µg/ml concentrations (i.e., 705 and 1000) were observed to be less effective than their lower concentrations, while 31.5–500 µg/ml drug concentrations were observed to be protective. Among these three, 125 µg/ml concentrations were found to be most effective (p<0.01 or more). In solvent-based results, methanolic, ethanolic, aqueous, and acetone extracts exhibited at least p<0.01 significant effective NO scavenging, but acetone extract was seen to have comparatively less protection (p<0.05) than the other three extracts. Chloroform and benzene extracts, respectively, showed less protection. Samples collected in the summer season showed greater protection than winter and Manson.
Conclusion:  This study provided a clear observation of the impact of extraction solvent, concentration of drug, and season of sample collection on in vitro free radical scavenging potential. These data could help provide possible applications for regional plants for medicinal purposes.
Mental IQ Detection Using Machine Learning: A Review Paper
Authors: Patil Prof. J. T.
Published: January 2024

Abstract: A Mental IQ Detection using the ML technology is software based application which is designed to detect the mental IQ with their age.[1]Machine Learning is that develops algorithms by learning the hidden patterns of the datasets used it to make predictions on new similar type data. We are using Machine learning for the mental IQ detection because we can improve accuracy of the software application, it has large amount of data Making predictions about future event ML has wide range of libraries and algorithm that are available.[2]We will be using KNN Algorithm, Logistic Algorithm, Linear Algorithm, etc. IQ test continue to be one of most reliable tools to measure intelligence skills of the human. The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) tests and the corresponding psychometric explanations dominate both the scientific and popular views about human intelligence. It starts with getting information from registration form using java on android studio, where each user will have to give test series provided by the developer.[3] After user gives test series, that’s where ML comes in where we need to process the date using different libraries and algorithms to detect the Mental IQ of the user with their age, ensuring transparency and security of each user
Effectiveness of Marine Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Centers in Chile in relation to strandings of sea turtles, penguins, sea lions, and sea otters
Authors: Allende-Marín Nareth , García-Cegarra Ana M.
Published: January 2024

Marine Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Centers (MWRRCs) are crucial for the rehabilitation of endangered marine species, such as penguins, sea turtles, sea lions, and/or sea otters. In Chile, rescue of marine fauna is coordinated by the National Fisheries and Aquaculture Service (SERNAPESCA). This organization is responsible for assisting stranded animals and transporting them to 6 of the 13 MWRRCs that exist throughout the 6,435 km coastline of the country. Stranding events were analyzed for two species of pinnipeds (Otaria flavescens and Arctocephalus australis), two species of penguins (Spheniscus humboldti and Spheniscus magellanicus), two species of chelonians (Chelonia mydas and Lepidochelys olivacea), and one species of sea otter (Lontra felina) found stranded at the coast of Chile during 2009-2019 period. Success in post-rehabilitation release of individuals was also examined. A total of 2,818 stranding events were recorded with a total of 3,198 stranded animals, corresponding to O. flavescens (52.9%), S. humboldti (20.4%), S. magellanicus (17.9%) and L. olivacea (4.3%). Of the 3,198 stranded animals, 721 specimens were referred to MWRRC, and only 136 were released post-rehabilitation. This shows an18.8% success rate in the release of marine fauna species post-rehabilitated in rescue centers after their stranding. It is necessary to improve coordination between SERNAPESCA and MWRRCs in Chile to improve the release rate and to increase the number of MWRRCs to recover endangered marine species that strand along the country’s coast.
Musical Intervention: An Evolutionary Era in Dentistry
Authors: Pathak Ankita , Dhamande Mithilesh , Sathe Seema , Gujjelwar Smruti
Published: January 2024

Patients feels anxious when facing an intrusive operation in a dental office. Such perceptions may be triggered by variouscircumstances, including a bizarre situation, lack of control, a sense of imminent danger, reliance on strangers, and being far fromdear ones and friends. One of the most serious problems in both children and adults is dental anxiety. Patients who are anxiousavoid going to the dentist and postpone their appointments. Mostly, these patients with dental phobia feel more anxious whilesitting in the waiting area. To manage these patients, a decrease in the waiting period is also one of the considerable options.Dental stress must be identified and alleviated for such patients to receive quality care. Dental care is regarded as an invasiveprocedure and causes dental anxiety. To treat such type of fear, various complementary therapies should be considered. Functionalrelaxation therapy is also used to distract the patient's mind. Through distraction and the promotion of a calm environmenteliminates stress, anxiety, and fear, music has a therapeutic effect. Various studies were reported in the literature that musicaltherapy has a significant impact on managing dental anxiety. Dental anxiety, which is a long-term mental handicap for patients, canbe managed by applying music therapy. The objectives of this review are to know the means that trigger dental anxiety and toknow how to manage it with musical intervention. This literature review aims to gain knowledge of musical intervention in an eraof dentistry to manage dental phobia. To conclude, the effect of musical therapy on patients suffering from dental anxiety thedynamics of musical therapy should be considered.
Financing policy of large listed family businesses: Evidence from the Arab world
Authors: Quiddi Oumaima , Habba Badr
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to contribute to the literature on the capital structure and financing behavior of large listed family businesses by examining the differences and/or similarities in the determinants influencing the financing policy in the Arab world. The study focuses on two samples of equal size, consisting of 103 large listed family firms and 103 large listed non-family firms, covering the period from 2013 to 2019. Through a quantitative analysis of panel data, the research investigates the level of indebtedness and its determinants in these two categories of firms. The findings of this study reveal significant differences in the financing patterns between large listed family and non-family firms. These findings contribute to our understanding of the unique characteristics and preferences of large listed family firms in the Arab world, a region that has received limited attention in previous studies (Basly, 2017). By exploring this developing and relatively unexplored region, the study fills a gap in the literature and expands our knowledge of the capital structure dynamics within large listed family businesses
Two-Year Evaluation of AKMI (Indonesian Madrasah Competency Assessment) Implementation at Islamic Elementary School (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah)
Authors: Amalia Amalia
Published: December 2023

The Indonesian Madrasah Competency Assessment/Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum Indonesia (AKMI) is a form of assessment developed in schools under the auspices of the Ministry of Religious Affairs which refers to PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) and the National Assessment (AN) system. This research aims to examine the improvement in AKMI results for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah/Islamic Elementary School (MI) students in 2021 and 2022. The approach used is quantitative descriptive and analyzed in percentage form at each level of proficiency. The author also conducted a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) in 2022 with several teachers in the AKMI Follow-up Instructor Candidate class. The results showed a shift in higher proficiency levels in all types of literacy: reading literacy, scientific literacy, numeracy literacy, and socio-cultural literacy. The increase in proficiency levels in these four types of literacy is influenced by massive Continuous Professional Development/Pengembangan Kompetensi Keberlanjutan (PKB) carried out through teacher working groups (KKG–MGMP/MGBK), working groups of madrasah heads, Kriteria Kelulusan Minimum/Graduate Minimum Criteria (KKM) and supervisory working groups (Pokjawas). In addition, the increase occurred due to the Technical Guidance/Bimbingan Teknis (BIMTEK) follow-up of AKMI results for MI teachers. Through this activity, BIMTEK participants can increase their knowledge about literacy
Soldiers on the Digs. Archaeological Excavations in Switzerland Involving the Deuxieme Division des Chasseurs
Authors: Włodarczak Piotr , Leuzinger Urs
Published: January 2024

During the Second World War, Polish soldiers of the 2nd Rifle Division (Deuxieme Division des Chasseurs) were interned in Switzerland. Some of them were briefly employed on archaeological excavations in the cantons of Aargau, Lucerne, Solothurn, and Thurgau. In this last location, Karl Keller-Tarnuzzer organised the most productive cooperation with the Poles, investigating the pile-dwelling settlements of Pfyn-Breitenloo and Arbon-Bleiche 2 in 1944 and 1945, respectively. Earlier, Polish soldiers had been employed in the investigation of Roman villas at Aeschi (Solothurn) and Bellikon (Aargau), and the Neolithic pile-dwelling settlement of Burgäschisee-Ost (Solothurn), among other sites. The work involving the Poles was usually carried out efficiently, to the satisfaction of both sides. It has earned a worthy place in the history of Swiss archaeology, with the results often cited in various publications.
Słowianie byli „produktem” przypadku historycznego!?
Authors: Urbańczyk Przemysław
Published: January 2024

Kulminacja w 2 ćw. VI w., trwającego od końca III w. pogarszania się warunków środowiskowych trochę przypadkowo wypromowała „słowiański” model życia. Słowianie nie wyłonili się z jakiejś jednej kolebki, lecz zostali „wyprodukowani” przez niezwykły zbieg przypadków historycznych, które wymusiły na dużych obszarach podobne uproszczenie systemu społeczno- gospodarczego, oparte na już posiadanej wiedzy. Zewnętrzni obserwatorzy nadali żyjącym tak ludziom zbiorcze nazwy „Słowian” na wschodzie i „Wenedów” na zachodzie. Rolę inicjującą odegrał w tym procesie globalny kryzys klimatyczny wzmocniony pandemią dżumy; ich nazwę zbiorczą wypromowała dyplomacja bizantyńska; czynnikiem proliferującym zasięg języków słowiańskich była imperialna polityka Awarów. Sami Słowianie zaakceptowali swoją pansłowiańską jedność dopiero w XIX w.
Na wschodzie bez zmian? W sprawie chronologii absolutnej ceramiki z obszaru pogranicza polsko-ruskiego. Gródek, stanowisko nr 35
Authors: Auch Michał , Dzieńkowski Tomasz , Hajdas Irka , Hyrchała Anna , Trzeciecki Maciej , Wołoszyn Marcin
Published: January 2024

W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki datowania radiowęglowego wczesnośredniowiecznej ceramiki z dwóch pieców odkrytych na stanowisku nr 35 w Gródku nad Bugiem. „Tradycyjne” datowanie wskazuje na XI w., podczas gdy uzyskane daty 14C są o około 150 lat starsze. Stratygraficzny związek próbek i ceramiki nie budzi wątpliwości, należy zatem omawiane wyniki potraktować jako głos w dyskusji dotyczącej różnych rytmów przemian warsztatu garncarskiego na ziemiach Polski wschodniej, rozpatrywanych dotąd wyłącznie w odniesieniu do wielkopolskiego centrum państwa Piastów.
Humanistic Literacy Diagnosis in the Implementation of Javanese Local Wisdom-Based Learning Models for Elementary School Students
Authors: Ari Metalin Ika Puspita  , Hendrik Pandu Paksi  , Vicky Dwi Wicaksono  , Mulyani
Published: January 2024

One of the problems of dehumanization that occurs in elementary school students is the decline in the values of noble character, fairness, honesty, empathy, respect, love of the country, humility, simplicity and forgiveness. The aim of the research is to diagnose the humanistic literacy of elementary school students by applying a learning model based on local Javanese wisdom. The research method used in this research is quasi experimental design. The research design chosen was pre-experimental with a one-shot case study model design. The research population is elementary school students. The number of test subjects for the instrument was 35 fifth grade elementary school students. The research sample was five elementary schools. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. The number of research subjects was 165 fifth grade elementary school students. The data collection method is non-test. Data collection instrument with questionnaires. The data analysis technique for this research is the T Test (One Sample T-Test). The results show that the integrative learning model based on local Javanese wisdom has an influence on the humanist literacy of elementary school students. The implication of this research is that the learning model based on local Javanese wisdom has an influence on the increase in dehumanism that occurs in elementary school students after the Covid 19 pandemic. This condition can be seen from the increase in humanistic literacy indicators in students including collaboration, communication, critical thinking and creativity. It was concluded that the application of an integrative learning model based on local Javanese wisdom had a significant impact on the humanist literacy of elementary school students.
E-Comic Improves Understanding of Indonesian Language Learning Results
Authors: Salsa Dika Nazya , Kurniana Bektiningsih
Published: January 2024

The problems currently occurring in elementary schools are limited variations in learning methods and students' difficulties in understanding spelling and the main idea of paragraphs. The aim of this research is to develop E-comics to improve understanding of Indonesian language learning outcomes. This type of research is development through 6 stages. This research involved research subjects consisting of media experts, material experts, and a group of fifth grade students consisting of 33 students. Data was collected through interviews, documentation and value assessments. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire. Data analysis techniques use descriptive qualitative, quantitative and inferential statistical analysis. The research results areThe e-comic media developed has gone through a careful evaluation and revision process and received high validation from media and material experts, exceeding the quality standard threshold. This media is considered appropriate and reliable to support learning and research. In addition, the results of the Wilcoxon test analysis show that there is a significant difference between pretest and post-test data, which shows an increase in students' understanding in the high category. It was concluded that E-comics can improve understanding of Indonesian language learning outcomes. This research is very relevant for advancing education and technology in using e-comics as a medium for learning Indonesian in elementary schools.
Privatization, Structural Dependence, and the Problem of Legitimacy
Authors: Cordelli Chiara
Published: January 2024

How should a normative evaluation of the merits and demerits of privatization proceed? In response to Joseph Heath’s approach to this question, I first argue that the difference between core and economic functions is not as relevant to establish the limits of privatization, as Heath suggests. I claim, second, that Heath problematically neglects the structural and aggregative effects of privatization. An instance of privatization that, if analyzed in isolation, is anodyne may no longer be so when seen as a further contribution to an already expansive process of privatization. Finally, I argue that Heath fails to consider the risks that pervasive privatization poses in terms of democratic legitimacy, by giving rise to a situation where, on the one hand, citizens are dominated by a privatized state and, on the other hand, the state itself is dominated by private actors.
PEMBINAAN KWT MAKMUR JAYA MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN BERBAGAI JENIS KOPIAH LAMPUNG UNTUK MEMOTVASI DALAM BERWIRAUSAHA
Authors: Irianti Laksmi , Werena Rosalia Dwi , Putra Andius Dasa , Tiara Tiara
Published: December 2023

The Women's Farmers Group serves as a platform for the community, particularly women,to manage and express various ideas in the field of agriculture as well as a way for group members tolearn and gain perspective. As a result, group activities are expected to be imaginative and up-to-date.The Makmur Jaya Women's Farmers Group has performed a number of functions that have benefitedthe community, including serving as a venue for learning through ordinary activities, training suppliedas a discourse of cooperation in welfare efforts for the community, and fostering creativity to increaseincome. Producing several types of traditional Lampung skullcaps as part of this activity would helpmembers of the Makmur Jaya women's farmer group to promote and enhance their creativity. Bycreating several styles of traditional Lampung skullcaps, this project intends to encourage and enhancethe creativity of the Makmur Jaya women's farmer group members. This would enable them to becomeentrepreneurs and boost the local economy by selling their handmade skullcaps as souvenirs. Trainingin the creation of skullcaps of various sorts and shapes will be conducted, with the assistance ofartisans from the Adian Tapis Lampung Foundation. Caps with Lampung-themed designs are thefinished product of this training and are ready for sale
Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Penjualan pada Toko Ripani Berbasis Web
Authors: Ripani Ahmad , Nurhaeni Nurhaeni , Prastya Septyan Eka
Published: January 2024

Sistem penjualan online memiliki kegunaan untuk memudahkan penggunanya dalam melakukan sebuah pekerjaan agar lebih efisien. Pada penelitian ini toko ATK (alat tulis kantor) masih menggunakan manual dalam penjualan dengan cara menulis pesanan di kertas, dimana manajemen stok barang, transaksi penjualan, laporan masih ditulis dengan tangan sehingga memungkinkan terjadi kesalahan penulisan data, kurang akuratnya data barang masuk, hingga kurang efisien terhadap tenaga, dan waktu saat melakukan transaksi penjualan. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan merancang sistem penjualan berbasis web untuk Toko Ripani. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah waterfall, dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, disimpan dalam database MySQL, dan diuji menggunakan metode blackbox yang menyatakan bahwa sistem berjalan sesuai dengan fungsinya.Adapun hasil dari sistem penjualan berbasis web, berupa informasi mengenai jumlah produk yang laku dipasaran dan jumlah konsumen serta rekapan dari total penjualan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan maka kendala yang semula dihadapi oleh pihak toko, yaitu keakuratan, ketepatan waktu dalam pencarian data barang maupun jumlah stok barang secara otomatis dapat teratasi. To facilitate the activities of figures in sales transactions as well as processing transaction data. The method used in this study is the waterfall, created using the PHP programming language, stored in a MySQL database, and tested using the blackbox method which states that the system is running according to its function. As for the results of the web-based sales system, in the form of information about the number of products that sell well in the market and the number of consumers as well as a summary of total sales. Based on the results of the research that has been done, the obstacles that were originally faced by the store, namely accuracy, timeliness in searching for goods data and the number of stock items can automatically be resolved.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization of the English Language for Ukrainian People
Authors: Makarenko Mariia , Sydorenko Arina , Shpak Oleksii , Pivnenko Volodymyr
Published: December 2023

Since English is primarily the medium of communication for international business and trade. In addition to being the official language of many international organizations (such as the UN, WHO, etc.), it has become a lingua franca in the modern world. English language lessons are delivered and required in many secondary schools globally. English is taught by many public schools as a compulsory subject, sometimes at the expense of other languages. Taking into account the rapid global spread of the English language, the article examines the main advantages and disadvantages of English being a global language providing an example of Ukrainians living abroad and in their home country. Postcolonial and globalization theories are analyzed to demonstrate that the spread of English is a result of the British Empire and the rise of the United States as a global actor in international relations thereafter. On the contrary, the linguistic human capital theory and theory of cultural capital underline that language proficiency may serve either as a limitation or a getaway in socioeconomic situations. The article deploys a qualitative research method, namely, online surveys of Ukrainians in Poland, Estonia, Germany, Spain, and Ukraine. The results indicate that English as a global language provokes inequalities for Ukrainians whose English skills are even below pre-intermediate level, both within Ukraine and outside their home country. The driving motivation for both groups to learn English is better job opportunities.
Revitalizing Character Values in the Folklore of the Arjuna Mountain Slope Site
Authors: Sulistyo Wahyu Djoko , Hafida Mellina Nur , Maisaroh Anisa Amalia
Published: December 2023

Mount Arjuna is not only a popular tourist destination in Indonesia because of its outstanding natural beauty. Mount Arjuna also has a cultural heritage reflected in its sites. The slopes of Mount Arjuna have diverse folklore. Revitalization of folklore values on the slopes of Mount Arjuna is an essential step in maintaining cultural heritage and preserving local identity. The objectives of this study are 1) to study the folklore on the slopes of Mount Arjuna and 2) to design a revitalization of the folkloric values of the Lereng Gunung Arjuna site. This research uses a historical method consisting of four stages, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography, with an empirical approach. Data analysis was done comparatively by proving the Lereng Gunung Arjuna site and the Lereng Gunung Arjuna folklore. The results showed 1) there are 19 folklors contained in each site. Sites of Mount Arjuna Slope, namely Oento Boego Cave, Watu Kursi, Eyang Madrim, Rahtawu or Tampuono, Eyang Sekutrem, Eyang Abiyoso, Nogo Gini Cave, Sendang Dewi Kunti, Puthuk Lesung, Eyang Sakri, Eyang Semar, Dwarapala Statue, Makuthoromo, Sendang Widodari, Wejangan Cave, Rancang Kencono, Candi Wesi, Sendang Drajat, Sepilar; 2) Local wisdom as a concept of preserving the environment wrapped in harmony between the value of divinity-humanity-nature around. The existing local wisdom is used as an inspiration for the mechanism of social life. The implementation of revitalization requires support from the parties (multi-stakeholders), and then the folklore is preserved and adjusted by the social context and changing times. Various existing folklore has the potential to be transformed elsewhere. In education, it is introduced and converted to school students so that local wisdom as an ancestral heritage and potential can be changed as a guide for the next generation's life.
Critical Discourse of the Chinese Rebellion in Indonesian History Textbook
Authors: Kurniawan Hendra , Supriatna Nana , Mulyana Agus , Yulifar Leli
Published: December 2023

This study aims to reveal the discourse practices in the narrative of the Chinese Rebellion in the Indonesian History textbook. Having long disappeared from Indonesian historiography, the Chinese-Javanese alliance against the VOC, often called Geger Pacinan (1740-1743), has reappeared in history textbooks. Its presence needs to be studied to understand the discourse practices that are to be conveyed by the narratives that are constructed. This study's subject was the Chinese Rebellion text in the Indonesian History textbook for class XI SMA based on the 2013 Curriculum published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia in 2017. The Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) method, according to Teun A. van Dijk, was used to analyze the dimensions of the text, social cognition, and the social context of the narratives that are the research subject. The result is that the report in the text dimension does not present the Chinese role through the history of the event as a whole. In the size of social cognition, it is found that there is a potential to strengthen the practice of discourse, which leads to the marginalization of the Chinese role. The social context dimension has not entirely shifted from the New Order paradigm, which harbored stereotypes against the Chinese. In conclusion, the text of the Chinese Rebellion requires the teacher’s role to make the deconstruction process in learning history meaningful for students, especially in internalizing the value of diversity for national integration.
SMUGGLING OF THE LAW IN DIFFERENT RELIGIOUS MARRIAGE AS A LEGAL ACTION IN THE STATE OF PANCASILA
Authors: Arsyita Muhammad Aprizal , Khair Damrah , Pane Erina , Ja'far A. Kumedi , Mahmudah Siti
Published: January 2024

Marriage in Indonesia is a legal act that is valid in an external forum based on the legal contract of each religious law or belief. Interestingly, interfaith marriages continue to occur and experience problems related to illegal acts against various attempts to smuggle laws to obtain legal recognition from the State. This issue will be analyzed based on the Civil Code, Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, Law Number 23 of 2006 concerning Population Administration, and the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number. 68/ PUU-XII / 2014. To find out the legal arrangements in interfaith marriages, a normative juridical legal research method and a statutory approach were carried out by collecting literature study data. Secondary data were analyzed using qualitative juridical analysis. The results of this study explain that positive law in Indonesia does not prohibit interfaith marriage, but does not regulate it. The substance of the validity of a marriage is pluralistic based on religious law and belief, even though the majority prohibits its followers so that a juridical understanding emerges that it is impossible to legalize interaction marriages, but in reality, some religions and beliefs provide dispensation or permission. Law smuggling by individuals adhering to religions or beliefs with low quality and/ or not obeying the forum internum which prohibits interfaith marriages, but imposes themselves on various motives (Al-Baits) based on positive law. The conclusion is that even though there is disharmony of norms, the smuggling of law in interfaith marriages fulfills the elements of acts against the law, which deliberately contradicts positive law, and reduces the authority of law and religion in the Pancasila State. Juridically, the determination of the legality of marriage is based on religious norms or beliefs, not a Court Ruling mechanism, because the State only determines administrative validity.Keywords: Smuggling, Marriage, Different Religions, Acts against the Law, Pancasila
RECONSTRUCTION OF NUSYÚZ CONCEPT IN COMPILATION OF ISLAMIC LAW IN INDONESIA (Gender Equality Perspective Analysis)
Authors: Fitri Al , Alamsyah A. , Sadari S. , Susanto Is
Published: January 2024

Nusyúz is a classical conception codified as a standard law written in Qs. an-Nisáa’ verses 34 and 128. The conventional fiqh perspective of nusyúz connotes the wife’s disobedience to her husband, because it is influenced by the patriarchy of pre-Islamic Arab culture. Presidential Instruction Number 1 of 1991 concerning the Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia mentions nusyúz in Articles 80, 84 and 125, only regulates the wife’s nusyúz and its legal sanctions, while the husband’s nusyúz is not mentioned. There is ambivalence, ambiguity and legal injustice for the wife. The focus of this research is the concept of nusyúz in KHI from a gender perspective and its correlation with the development of family law in Indonesia. This type of research is library research with a gender equality analysis approach. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to rearrange the concept of nusyúz in the KHI, including the modern era understanding of nusyúz and adding the husband's concept of nusyúz and its legal sanctions in KHI.Keywords:     Nusyúz Modern Era, Gender Perspective, Justice.
WAHBAH AZ-ZUHAILI AND MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR'S METHODS OF THINKING ABOUT MARRIAGE
Authors: Hidayat Riyan Erwin , Suharto S. , Bahrudin Moh. , Zaki Muhammad
Published: January 2024

By the development of the times, of course the law will also experience various developments, as well as marriage law in Islam which follows the times according to human needs. The development of marriage law in Islam cannot be separated from the existence of Muslim scholars. Among these Muslim scholars are Wahbah az-Zuhaili and Muhammad Syahrur. Az-Zuhaili uses the Usul fiqh method in interpreting the laws regarding marriage, while Syahrur uses the hermeneutic method in interpreting the laws regarding marriage. The two of them certainly have different opinions, because the way of thinking and the method of interpretation used are different. Therefore, through this study, the two thoughts of these figures will be examined. The results showed that the two figures viewed marriage as a very solid contract. The difference of opinion between the two lies in the discussion of the dowry, where according to az-Zuhaili that the dowry is a gift from the husband to the wife, and the wife has the right to get it because of the contract or actual intercourse, while Syahrur said the dowry is an unconditional gift given by the husband to his wife. Likewise, there are differences of opinion in the provision of a living and in terms of divorce and polygamy.
Reconstruction of Marriage and Divorce Law for Civil Servants
Authors: Lakoni Lakoni , Ardiansyah M. , Juwita Masayu Nila
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes Government Regulation Number 45 of 1990, this regulation contains gaps in polygamy arrangements between men and women who are civil servants.  The focus of this article is to describe the construction of polygamy regulations for the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) which seems gender biased, then how efforts to reconstruct polygamy rules for the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) and then analyze its contribution to the reform of Islamic family law in Indonesia. This library research article is descriptive analytical. The primary data sources in writing this article are the Qur'an, Hadith, and positive laws in Indonesia that regulate marriage and divorce for Civil Servants. The analysis uses the theory of Mashlahah Mursalah, Gender and Feminist Amina Wadud and Gustav Redbruch's theory of legal objectives. The result of the analysis is Government Regulation Number 45 of 1990 concerning Marriage and Divorce Permits for Civil Servants which regulates polygamy for Civil Servants, must be rejected because it contains legal content that is not fair to women as legal subjects. It should be reconstructed by providing equitable regulations, no discrimination, and equalizing the position of men and women before the law. Keyword: Reconstruction, Marriage and Divorce Law, Civil Servants
Progressive Legal Justice Paradigm in the Division of Joint Property
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad Shofwan , Pribadi Adhimas Kondang , Ramli Nurhuda
Published: January 2024

Artikel ini mencoba menguraikan paradigma keadilan hukum progresif dalam mengkaji persoalant pembagian harta bersama. Tema ini penting untuk dikaji mengingat tradisi civil law yang dianut sebagai sistem hukum di Indonesia sangat rentan menghadirkan wajah hukum yang cenderung positivistik yang seringkali lupa menyapa rasa keadilan masyarakat. Konsep pembagian harta bersama yang tidak harus memberikan separuh dari harta kepada masing-masing pihak, seharusnya membuat hakim harus berfikir keras dalam menggali informasi yang menyeluruh sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam memberikan putusan pembagian harta bersama yang berkeadilan. Menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif inferensial dan dengan memanfaatkan pendekatan filsafat hukum kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa untuk sampai pada sebuah putusan hukum yang berkeadilan, tidak cukup dengan keahlian hakim dalam penguasaan metodologi penemuan hukum, melainkan harus ditopang dengan moralitas intelektual hakim. Memotret diskurus pembagian harta bersama melalui lensa keadilan progresif, berarti hakim tidak hanya mengacu pada ketentuan hak atas separuh bagian bagi masing-masing mantan suami istri sebagaimana ditetapkan dalam peraturan hukum tertulis, melainkan harus mengelaborasi secara mendalam dan komprehensif pelaksanaan peran mantan suami-istri selama hidup berumah tangga. Keyword: Justice, Progressive Law, Joint Property
Husein Muhammad's Thoughts on Husband's Iddah and His Contribution to the Development of Family Law in Indonesia
Authors: Rofi'i Hilmi Yusron
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the thoughts of Husein Muhammad regarding the husband's iddah and his contribution to the development of family law in Indonesia. this article uses a qualitative method, analyzing in depth about the thoughts of Husein Muhammad, related to the iddah period of the husband, this article is a library research or literature study, by studying the literature of Husein Muhammad's work on Iddah, the main data source in this study is the work of Husein Muhammad, the data analysis technique uses an inductive framework using mashlahah and mubadalah analysis. The result of the research is that Husein Muhammad's thinking leads to a more inclusive, progressive, humanist and contextual understanding of family law and is adaptive to the dynamics of Indonesian society which continues to develop by detailing the iddah time frame and the rights attached to that period. Husein Muhammad's thinking on iddah has a positive impact on the development of family law in Indonesia, linking its theoretical aspects to concrete changes in the family law system and providing a strong foundation for further change.Keyword: Husein Muhammad, Iddah Period, Husband, Family Law
When fear is a factor: consumer behavior changes during the pandemic
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica Institute of managerial systems in Poprad, Slovak republic, Veselovská Lenka
Published: December 2023

This paper focuses on the current topic of consumer behavior changes influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the research was to explore how the factor of fear affected consumers and analyze their response to shopping habits. Even though there is some evidence on how the consumers changed their behavior during the pandemic, there is still a lack of comprehensive information based on opinions and experiences of consumers themselves. Design/methodology of the research was based on a survey conducted on a sample of 252 consumers in Slovak republic providing an original source of information for this unique research. Findings in the study map the individual changes in consumer behavior that occurred during the pandemic with special focus on changes related to panic buying. Up to 82% of consumers reported an increase in amount of goods they bought in 2020, however, this form of panic buying significantly decreased in later years of the pandemic. Results show that male consumers were less likely to experience panic buying, however, they men expressed concerns about the negative impacts of the pandemic on the state's economy to a greater extent than women. The majority of consumers were concerned by health threats and related risks, but it was discovered that they feared more for others than themselves which resulted in an increased tendency to prefer unaccompanied shopping. The implications of this research are vast. Its practical implications provide guidelines for businesses that need to adjust their strategies according to the new reality in the post-pandemic era. Findings can also provide a foundation for further risk management measures that companies need to consider should a similar situation arise again in the future to be better prepared and to design a flexible response.
Kondisi Poshuman di Mongrel (2021) Karya Sabda Armandio
Authors: Zul'azmi Helmi Naufal
Published: December 2023

This article aims to examine the relations of posthuman subjects formed through language in Mongrel’s fiction. Relations of posthuman subjects will always be surrounded by the current situation being faced, so it is no longer necessary to differentiate human and nonhuman hierarchically. Mongrel is a fictional story published serially in the mass media KumparanPlus in 2021. This article uses a discursive approach to gain knowledge about the relationship of posthuman subjects by connecting meaning, representation, and context. This article shows that the posthuman conditions that surround characters in Mongrel include the economic crisis, advanced capitalism, and the creation of paguyuban (community), technology and artificial intelligence, and the work of shamans and the existence of Dimensi Kalia. In some ways, the posthuman condition in Mongrel exhibits the attempt to surpass the dichotomies especially between human/animal/plant/technology. The posthuman condition in Mongrel leads to a double-edged sword, namely the paguyuban going hand in hand with advanced capitalism. Mr. Polo, as the metaphor of advanced capitalism, no longer utilizes the dichotomy of human/nonhuman and modern science/shaman to develop his business. This is also the case for the paguyuban. However, what sets Mr. Polo apart is his attempt to control nonhuman entities in order to further his self-interested agenda.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KAMPUS MENGAJAR DALAM MENINGKATKAN LITERASI NUMERASI PESERTA DIDIK FASE B SD
Authors: Wahyudin Nur Afif , Zumrotun Erna
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Implementation of the Teaching Campus Program in Improving the Numerical Literacy of Phase B Students of SD Negeri 3 Kedung. This study aims to determine the implementation of the teaching campus program in improving the numeracy literacy of phase B students at SD Negeri 3 Kedung. This research was conducted at SD Negeri 3 Kedung in the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive method. Data analysis using observation techniques, interviews and documentation. An important finding from this study is that there is an increase in the numeracy literacy quality of phase B students at SD Negeri 3 Kedung through the teaching campus program, with innovation programs to improve literacy and numeracy for students such as the calistung learning program, teaching assistance, and STEAM-based learning which implemented when the campus teaching program is running. This means that the implementation of the teaching campus program is in accordance with the needs of the target school. So it can be concluded that there is an increase in the numeracy literacy quality of phase B students at SD Negeri 3 Kedung in the implementation of the teaching campus program. Keyword: Teaching Campus, Literacy, Numeracy, Phase B. Abstrak: Impementasi Program Kampus Mengajar dalam Meningkatkan literasi Numerasi Peserta Didik Fase B SD Negeri 3 Kedung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi dari program kampus mengajar dalam meningkatkan literasi numerasi peserta didik fase B SD Negeri 3 Kedung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 3 Kedung pada tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Analisis data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Temuan penting dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat peningkatan kualitas literasi numerasi peserta didik fase B di SD Negeri 3 Kedung melalui program kampus mengajar, dengan inovasi program-program peningkatan literasi dan numerasi untuk peserta didik seperti program belajar calistung, Asistensi mengajar, dan pembelajaran berbasis STEAM yang diterapkan saat program kampus mengajar berjalan. Hal ini berarti bahwa impelentasi program kampus mengajar berjalan sesuai dengan kebutuhan sekolah sasaran. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kualitas literasi numerasi peserta didik fase B SD Negeri 3 Kedung pada Implementasi program kampus mengajar.Kata Kunci: Kampus Mengajar, Literasi, Numerasi, Fase B.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA MELALUI METODE BELAJAR STEAM
Authors: Lubis Wirda Hayatina , Purba Fince Putri Yeni , Adillah Rani , Gurning Biworo Frida
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Improving Students' Critical Thinking Ability Through STEAM Learning Method. Learning in the 21st century requires alignment with the needs and challenges of life, such as developing skills, problem solving, critical thinking skills, the ability to use technology and information organisation structures to communicate effectively. However, the learning applied in the current era is not new and has implications and learning that has not improved students' thinking skills. This study aims to improve students' thinking skills after applying the STEAM learning method, with Class IV students of SDN 066050 Medan Denai Sub-district as the study subjects. This study is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted in two cycles, each cycle has four parts such as planning, implementation, monitoring and reflection. Data collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires and documents revealed that critical thinking skills improved each cycle. It appears from the pre-action of 20%, cycle I by 60% and cycle II by 80%. Thus the STEAM learning method can improve students' critical thinking skills. Keywords: Learning Method, STEAM, Critical Thinking Skills Abstrak: Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Melalui Metode Belajar STEAM. Pembelajaran abad 21 yang mengharuskan penyelarasan akan kebutuhan dan tantangan hidup, seperti mengembangkan keterampilan, pemecahan masalah, kemampuan berpikir kritis, kemampuan untuk berteknologi dan struktur organisasi informasi dalam berkomunikasi secara efektif. Namun, pembelajaran yang diterapkan era kini bukanlah hal baru dan memiliki implikasi serta pembelajaran yang belum meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir siswa. Kajian ini bermaksud meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir siswa setelah imenerapkan metode belajar STEAM, dengan siswa Kelas IV SDN 066050 Kecamatan Medan Denai sebagai subyek kajian. Kajian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, tiap siklus punya empat bagian semacam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pemantauan dan refleksi. Data yang dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumen. memaparkan kemampuan berpikir kritis meningkat setiap siklusnya. Tampak dari pratindakan sebesar 20%, siklus I sebesar 60% dan siklus II sebesar 80%. Dengan demikian metode belajar STEAM dapat meningkatkan keterampilan pemikiran kritis para siswa.Kata Kunci : Metode Belajar, STEAM, Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis