bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Speedy/RINGO Protein in Breast Cancer as a Future Biomarker
Authors: TANRIVERDI OZGUR , YILDIZ AYSEGUL
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are proteins that require the binding of regulatory subunits called cyclins and play a key role in cell cycle progression and activation. CDKs play a key role in carcinogenesis of many solid malignancies, and inhibition of these proteins has produced anti-cancer effects demonstrated in preclinical studies. This narrative review was conducted to develop a hypothetical approach to determine whether Speedy/RINGO, a protein associated with CDK2, could be a possible predictive factor in breast cancer patients treated with a CDK4/6 inhibitor. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and Google Scholars search engines to match the following words: “Speedy/RINGO” or “Spy1” and “CDKs” or “Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)” and “CDK4/6 inhibitors” and “Regulation” and “Molecular” and “Breast cancer” and “Carcinogenesis”. Only articles investigating the relationship between the Speedy/RINGO protein and CDKs at the molecular level were included. Literature information was compiled by trying to establish a relationship with our hypothesis question. Results: Speedy/RINGO is a tightly regulated proto-oncogenic mammalian protein playing important roles in the somatic cell cycle. Studies have emphasized that although it does not have amino acid sequence homology with cyclins, it can activate CDK2. In addition, results showing molecular compensation of CDK4/6 inhibition through CDK2 activation, also showed that CDK2 can predict drug resistance. Another important finding was that overexpressed Speedy/RINGO, during CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment, could strongly activate CDK2, resulting in a negative response to treatment. Conclusion: Although many predictive factors have been investigated to indicate response to CDK4/6 inhibitors or determine drug resistance, a consensus biomarker has yet to be established. In light of the information obtained from our review, it can be concluded that the Speedy/RINGO protein may have an important role as a predictive biomarker in terms of response to treatment, continuity of treatment and drug resistance in patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors.
The Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of the Paraspinal and Psoas Muscles Are of Prognostic Relevance in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Radioembolization
Authors: EHRENGUT CONSTANTIN , SCHINDLER AARON , SEEHOFER DANIEL , EBEL SEBASTIAN , STEINHOFF KAREN , SABRI OSAMA , BERG THOMAS , DENECKE TIMM , VAN BÖMMEL FLORIAN , MEYER HANS-JONAS
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is a treatment option for early or intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sarcopenia is defined as loss of muscle strength and quality which can be estimated by imaging modalities and has been associated with prognosis and treatment response in HCC patients. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can reflect the tissue composition and might be better to determine muscle changes of sarcopenia than the standard method of computed tomography (CT). The present study sought to elucidate ADC values of the abdominal wall muscles as a prognostic factor in patients undergoing TARE. Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed between 2016 and 2020. Overall, 52 patients, 9 women (17.3%) and 43 men (82.7%), with a mean age of 69±8.5 years were included into the analysis. In every case, the first pre-interventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including DWI was used to measure the ADC values of paraspinal and psoas muscle. The 12-month survival after TARE was used as the primary study outcome. Results: Overall, 40 patients (76.9%) of the patient cohort died within the 12-month observation period. Mean overall survival was 10.9 months after TARE for all patients. Mean ADC values for all muscles were 1.31±0.13×10–3mm2/s. The ADC values of the paraspinal muscles were statistically significantly higher compared to the ADC values of the psoas muscles (p=0.0031). A positive correlation was identified between mean ADC and the thrombocyte count (r=0.37, p=0.005) and serum bilirubin (r=–0.30, p=0.03). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the mean ADC values of all muscles were associated with the survival after 12 months (HR=0.98, 95% CI=0.97-0.99, p=0.04). Conclusion: ADC values of the abdominal wall muscles could be used as a prognostic biomarker in patients with HCC undergoing TARE. These preliminary results should be confirmed by further studies using external validation cohorts and other treatment modalities.
Oxaliplatin-induced Acute Neurotoxicity Recovers Between Repeat Infusion Cycles: An Axonal Excitability Repeated Multiple Measurements Study
Authors: KOKOTIS PANAGIOTIS , PAPANTONIOU MICHAIL , CARR RICHARD W. , SCHMELZ MARTIN , SIAKAVELLA DIMITRA , SKAFIDA EFTHYMIA , PAPADIMITRIOU CHRISTOS
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Oxaliplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapy used in the treatment of colorectal cancer, induces acute neurotoxicity following infusion. The aim of this study was to establish whether alterations in axonal excitability develop progressively with higher cumulative doses and whether there is a recovery in motor axons after each cycle of treatment. Patients and Methods: Twenty consecutive patients with a colorectal cancer diagnosis, referred from the Oncology Department of Aretaieion Hospital of Athens, were enrolled in this study between October 2018 and May 2019. None of the participants had diabetes, alcohol abuse, known neuropathy or were previously treated with another neo-adjuvant therapy. Threshold Tracking techniques and Qtrac software were used for assessing axonal excitability in motor axons. Excitability recordings were undertaken before and immediately after the end of oxaliplatin infusion. Results: Statistically significant changes were found (p<0.01) in axonal excitability (relative refractory period, refractoriness at 2 ms and 2.5 ms, sub-excitability and super-excitability) before and after oxaliplatin infusion. No statistically significant changes (p>0.05) were found in threshold electrotonus and strength-duration parameters before and after oxaliplatin infusion. We also did not find statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between means of excitability parameters before infusion at each cycle. Conclusion: Our study confirms oxaliplatin-induced acute neurotoxicity following infusion and suggests that motor axons recover between repeat infusion cycles.
Prognostic Evaluation of HER2-positive Early Breast Cancers Using Clinico-pathological Criteria
Authors: JIBIKI NORIE , NAKAZAWA TADAO , NOGAMI MAKO , YOSHIDA KEITA , HASEGAWA ATSUKO , GUO FENG , HIROSHIMA KENZO
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: HER2-positive breast carcinomas (BCs) generally behave more aggressively and show higher cytological and histological grade than HER2-negative BCs. However, the clinical properties of HER2-positive early BCs have not been studied extensively. Hence, the therapeutic significance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for this BC remains debatable. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively examined the clinicopathological features of 94 HER2-positive early BCs who perioperatively received anti-HER2 drugs, without undergoing NAC prior to surgery. Results: The patients' five year-disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 95.6% and 100%, respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated significant differences in distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) between clinical and pathological tumor stages (T stages). Pathological T1 stage and clinical T1 stage tumors showed significantly higher DMSF than pT2-3 and cT2-3 (p=0.0002 and 0.0294). Multivariate analysis disclosed no significant differences in DFS, OS, and DMFS with respect to preoperative clinical tumor stage, patient age, type of surgery, postoperative therapy, and pathological factors. Recurrences occurred in nine patients: four (4.3%) and five (5.3%) patients showed local and distant recurrences, respectively. One patient with cT2 BC died of disease. Interestingly, four of the five BCs with distant recurrence pathologically demonstrated lymph vessel invasion. The prognoses of patients with HER2-positive stage cT1/2N0M0 BC were highly favorable. Conclusion: The indications for NAC in small, localized, and node-negative HER2-positive BC should be carefully assessed based on the presence of a larger tumor size, postoperative pathological evaluation of tumor size, and lymph vessel invasion.
Maxillary Sinus NUT Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: ARAI SAYAKA , TOMIOKA RYOTA , UEDA YURI , SHIMIZU AKIRA , OKAMOTO ISAKU , TSUKAHARA KIYOAKI
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma is extremely rare, occurs in the midline of the body, progresses rapidly and is refractory to treatment; most patients die within a year. Here, we describe a case of maxillary sinus NUT carcinoma presenting with epistaxis and nasal obstruction that was treated as a standard head and neck carcinoma. Case Report: The patient was a 41-year-old male with a left buccal swelling; the diagnosis was made of primary NUT carcinoma of the left maxillary sinus and bone metastasis in the cervical spine. After induction chemotherapy with docetaxel plus cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, the tumor decreased in size, and the patient was further treated with cisplatin and radiation therapy. One month after that, the tumor remained small, however, lung metastasis was observed. Therefore, nivolumab was administered. Cetuximab and paclitaxel were administered after the lung metastasis worsened, but the patient developed progressive disease and died 11 months after diagnosis. Conclusion: Effective treatments for NUT carcinoma have not yet been established. However, early testing to establish the diagnosis may provide useful insights to guide clinical decisions to improve patient outcomes.
A Rare Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Spleen: A Case Report
Authors: FAGKREZOS DIMITRIS , KAKAVELOU MARINA , CHARITAKI EVGENIA , DELIS SPIROS , PAPAPARASKEVA KLEO , TRIANTOPOULOU CHARIKLEIA , MANIATIS PETROS , CHRYSIKOS DIMOSTHENIS , TROUPIS THEODORE
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare, solid, potentially malignant lesions of uncertain etiology. Histologically, IMTs exhibit a combination of lymphocytes and inflammatory cells within a fibroblastic myxoid layer. The diagnosis of IMTs poses a challenge for various medical specialties, including surgeons, pathologists, and oncologists, due to their non-specific clinical presentation. Furthermore, radiologists face difficulties in interpreting computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results, which often yield polymorphic and inconclusive findings. Ultimately, histopathologists play a crucial role in reaching a definitive diagnosis based on the tumor's histological characteristics. They are detected in every system of the human body, most commonly in the lungs. Here, we report an uncommon occurrence of IMT in the spleen of a patient with nonspecific abdominal pain. : Case Report: A 56-year-old Caucasian female presented to Konstantopouleio General Hospital of Nea Ionia, Athens, Greece, with abdominal pain and discomfort. The patient had no significant medical history and normal laboratory tests. An abdominal CT revealed a large mass in the spleen. A splenectomy was performed. Histopathological analysis of the tumor revealed IMTS. : Conclusion: Splenic IMT is a rare benign tumor with moderate malignant potential. It lacks a distinct clinical presentation and is typically identified either incidentally or during the examination of abdominal pain.
A Hybrid Artificial Bee Colony and Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithms for Software Cost Estimation
Authors: Sharif Hawar Othman , Ghareb Mazen Ismaeel , Mohamedyusf Hoshmen Murad
Published: May 2024

Software cost estimation (SCE), estimating the cost and time required for software development, plays a highly significant role in managing software projects. A somewhat accurate SCE is necessary for a software project to be successful. It allows effective control of construction time and cost. In the past few decades, various models have been presented to evaluate software projects, including mathematical models and machine learning algorithms. In this paper, a new model based on the hybrid of the artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) and the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is presented for SCE. The initial population of AFSA, which includes the values of the effort factors, is generated using the ABC algorithm. ABC algorithm is used to solve the problems of the AFSA algorithm such as population diversity and getting stuck in a local optimum. ABC algorithm achieves the best solutions using observer and scout bees. The evaluation of the combined method has been implemented on eight different data sets and evaluated based on eight different criteria such as mean magnitude of relative error and PRED (0.25). The proposed method is more error-free than current SCE methods, according to the results. The error value of the proposed method is lower on NASA60, NASA63, and NASA93 datasets.
Hallucination Rates and Reference Accuracy of ChatGPT and Bard for Systematic Reviews: Comparative Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Chelli Mikaël , Descamps Jules , Lavoué Vincent , Trojani Christophe , Azar Michel , Deckert Marcel , Raynier Jean-Luc , Clowez Gilles , Boileau Pascal , Ruetsch-Chelli Caroline
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Large language models (LLMs) have raised both interest and concern in the academic community. They offer the potential for automating literature search and synthesis for systematic reviews but raise concerns regarding their reliability, as the tendency to generate unsupported (hallucinated) content persist.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study is to assess the performance of LLMs such as ChatGPT and Bard (subsequently rebranded Gemini) to produce references in the context of scientific writing.

METHODS

The performance of ChatGPT and Bard in replicating the results of human-conducted systematic reviews was assessed. Using systematic reviews pertaining to shoulder rotator cuff pathology, these LLMs were tested by providing the same inclusion criteria and comparing the results with original systematic review references, serving as gold standards. The study used 3 key performance metrics: recall, precision, and F1-score, alongside the hallucination rate. Papers were considered “hallucinated” if any 2 of the following information were wrong: title, first author, or year of publication.

RESULTS

In total, 11 systematic reviews across 4 fields yielded 33 prompts to LLMs (3 LLMs×11 reviews), with 471 references analyzed. Precision rates for GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Bard were 9.4% (13/139), 13.4% (16/119), and 0% (0/104) respectively (P<.001). Recall rates were 11.9% (13/109) for GPT-3.5 and 13.7% (15/109) for GPT-4, with Bard failing to retrieve any relevant papers (P<.001). Hallucination rates stood at 39.6% (55/139) for GPT-3.5, 28.6% (34/119) for GPT-4, and 91.4% (95/104) for Bard (P<.001). Further analysis of nonhallucinated papers retrieved by GPT models revealed significant differences in identifying various criteria, such as randomized studies, participant criteria, and intervention criteria. The study also noted the geographical and open-access biases in the papers retrieved by the LLMs.

CONCLUSIONS

Given their current performance, it is not recommended for LLMs to be deployed as the primary or exclusive tool for conducting systematic reviews. Any references generated by such models warrant thorough validation by researchers. The high occurrence of hallucinations in LLMs highlights the necessity for refining their training and functionality before confidently using them for rigorous academic purposes.
The Digital Divide and Cognitive Disparities Among Older Adults: Community-Based Cohort Study in China (Preprint)
Authors: Li Yumeng , Liu Chen , Sun Jiaqing , Zhang Junying , Li Xin , Zhang Zhanjun
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The widespread adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) further deepens disparities in resource access, particularly among the aging population. However, the relationship between these factors and their resulting impact on cognitive abilities remains uncertain.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the potential impact of the digital divide on individuals’ cognitive function and its association with the development and reversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

METHODS

This cohort study used data from Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation (BABRI) study applying a multistage cluster sampling design between 2008 and 2020. The digital divide was quantified by the frequency of using ICTs. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), mixed linear models, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to model the association of digital divide and multidomain cognition.

RESULTS

Among the 10098 participants, nearly half (n=4941, 48.9%) faced the digital divide, which was associated with a worse performance in processing speed (F10096=10.67; P<.001; effect size r=0.42), rather than memory, executive function, and language. The model indicated that individuals’ physical and mental health, combined with their educational and occupational prestige, influenced the resources they attained, which ultimately caused the digital divide. Moreover, longitudinal data revealed that older adults who successfully crossed the digital divide during the tracking process and those who had already done so prior to tracking showed significantly slower rates of decline in processing speed (B=–1.98, P<.05; B=–2.62, P<.01) and general cognitive function (B=3.50, P<.001; B=3.13, P<.01). Additionally, overcoming the digital divide was also associated with a lower risk of developing MCI (hazard ratio [HR] 0.5, 95% CI 0.34-0.74; HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.29-0.62) and a greater probability of reversion from MCI to normal cognition (HR 6, 95% CI 3.77-9.56; HR 9.22, 95% CI 5.63-15.11).

CONCLUSIONS

Overcoming the digital divide was significantly associated with improved cognitive function, a slower aging rate in cognitive performance, a reduced risk of developing MCI, and a higher likelihood of reverting from MCI to normal cognition.
Assessing Physician and Patient Agreement on Whether Patient Outcomes Captured in Clinical Progress Notes Reflect Treatment Success: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Floyd Sarah B , Sutton Jordyn C , Okon Marvin , McCarthy Mary , Fisher Liza , Judkins Benjamin , Reynolds Zachary Cole , Kennedy Ann Blair
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

It remains unclear if there is agreement between physicians and patients on the definition of treatment success following orthopedic treatment. Clinical progress notes are generated during each health care encounter and include information on current disease symptoms, rehabilitation progress, and treatment outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess if physicians and patients agree on whether patient outcomes captured in clinical progress notes reflect a successful treatment outcome following orthopedic care.

METHODS

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a subset of clinical notes for patients presenting to a Level-1 Trauma Center and Regional Health System for follow-up for an acute proximal humerus fracture (PHF). This study was part of a larger study of 1000 patients with PHF receiving initial treatment between 2019 and 2021. From the full dataset of 1000 physician-labeled notes, a stratified random sample of 25 notes from each outcome label group was identified for this study. A group of 2 patients then reviewed the sample of 100 clinical notes and labeled each note as reflecting treatment success or failure. Cohen κ statistics were used to assess the degree of agreement between physicians and patients on clinical note content.

RESULTS

The average age of the patients in the sample was 67 (SD 13) years and 82% of the notes came from female patients. Patients were primarily White (91%) and had Medicare insurance coverage (65%). The note sample came from fracture-related encounters ranging from the second to the tenth encounter after the index PHF visit. There were no significant differences in patient or visit characteristics across concordant and discordant notes labeled by physicians and patients. Among agreement levels ranging from poor to perfect agreement, physician and patient evaluators exhibited only a fair level of agreement in what they deemed as treatment success based on a Cohen κ of 0.32 (95% CI 0.10-0.55; P=.01). Furthermore, interpatient and interphysician agreement also demonstrated relatively low levels of agreement.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest that physicians and patients demonstrated low levels of agreement when assessing whether a patient’s clinical note reflected a successful outcome following treatment for a PHF. As low levels of agreement were also observed within physician and patient groups, it is clear the definition of success varied highly across both physicians and patients. Further research is needed to elucidate physician and patient perceptions of treatment success. As outcome measurement and demonstrating the value of orthopedic treatment remain important priorities, it is important to better define and reach a consensus on what treatment success means in orthopedic medicine.
Text Message Intervention to Facilitate Secure Storage and Disposal of Prescription Opioids to Prevent Diversion and Misuse: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Egan Kathleen , Cox Melissa J , Helme Donald , Jackson J Todd , Richman Alice R
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Nonmedical use of prescription opioids remains a critical public health issue; 8.5 million people in the United States misused opioids in 2022. Most people obtain prescription opioids for misuse from family or friends. Thus, facilitating secure storage and disposal of opioid medications during and after treatment is needed to prevent medication diversion and subsequent misuse.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective of this study is to test the feasibility of a novel intervention that utilizes a persuasive, informational text message reminder system to enhance the impact of secure storage and disposal of unused opioid medications. We hypothesize that the text message intervention will increase secure storage during and disposal of prescription opioids after treatment.

METHODS

We will utilize a two-arm randomized controlled trial to test the intervention for feasibility and preliminary efficacy. Participants (ages 18+ who have received an opioid prescription in the past two weeks) will be randomized to either receive the text message intervention or standard of care educational materials. Participants in the intervention will receive four text messages related to secure storage and three messages related to disposal. All participants will complete a baseline, mid-point (Day 25) and post-intervention (Day 45) evaluation survey. We will test whether receipt of the intervention is associated with two primary outcomes: 1) secure storage of prescription opioid medication (locked v. unlocked) and 2) disposal of unused prescription opioid medication (disposed v. not disposed).

RESULTS

This protocol represents the entire structure of the randomized controlled trial. Ethical approval for the study has been obtained and we expect implementation and data collection to be complete by December 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

Results from this study will indicate whether a text message reminder system can increase secure storage and disposal behaviors for individuals who receive an opioid medication. This type of intervention has the potential to be integrated into currently used health care delivery systems, such as prescription pickup reminders at pharmacies. Thus, the intervention is scalable across systems of care, thus expanding the reach of secure storage and disposal programs to prevention prescription opioid misuse.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05503186
Madness and Resistance under the Flashback and Juxtaposition—Spatial Narration in The Bell Jar
Authors: Li Kexin
Published: May 2024

The Bell Jar, the only novel by American poet and writer Sylvia Plath, vividly portrays the marginalized experience of American women in the mid-20th century and depicts the struggles of female intellectuals in constructing their own identities.This paper, by using the concepts of flashback and juxtaposition in spatial narration theory, explores three key aspects: the physical spatial changes in the whole story, the interplay between psychological and physical spaces under flashbacks and juxtaposition, and the protagonist Esther’s resistance against the male-dominated society and her awakening of female consciousness in the bell jar. It analyzes how Esther’s psychological space evolves within the ever-shifting physical spaces, leading to her feelings of helplessness, despair, and madness. Furthermore, it examines how through her rebellious madness, Esther achieves her awakening of female consciousness, constructs her own identity as a female intellectual, and raises her voice in a male-dominated society oppressive at the time.
Estado actual del derecho indígena en las teorías tradicionales y contemporáneas del derecho en México
Authors: Angeles-Hernandez Elias
Published: May 2024

Los pueblos indígenas de México se encuentran en una constante lucha por la reivindicación de sus derechos –escenario que se repite en el resto de América Latina–, uno de los cuales es el derecho a su derecho propio. Gracias a sus demandas, al derecho internacional y al auge de los derechos humanos ha habido ciertos avances en la materia, aunque no es posible afirmar que actualmente exista una articulación entre derecho estatal y derecho indígena en el Estado mexicano. Partimos del supuesto de que una de las causas que no ha favorecido esta coordinación radica en la forma en que nos aproximamos, entendemos e interpretamos el derecho, pues continuamos partiendo de las teorías clásicas y contemporáneas. Con este escenario como telón de fondo, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar estas posturas y comprobar si, en efecto, dejan fuera al derecho indígena o si posibilitarían su inclusión en un momento dado.
Entrevista a María del Carmen Mendoza Rangel, trabajadora social
Authors: Tello Peón Nelia Elena
Published: May 2024

En esta ocasión, nuestra entrevistada es la profesora María del Carmen Mendoza Rangel.2 El equipo coordinador del contenido de la revista, integrado por Silvia Galeana y Nelia Tello, consideramos la importancia de su opinión, dado que el eje profesional seleccionado para el contenido de este número de la revista es la intervención social y –en virtud de que la profesora Mendoza ha tenido una trayectoria vinculada a los procesos de desarrollo comunitario y desde hace muchos años se ha dedicado a la elaboración y ejecución de estrategias para la intervención profesional, con un profundo compromiso hacia los sectores sociales populares, enarbolando siempre los valores y demandas de la reconceptualización– le hemos solicitado su punto de vista sobre el impacto de este movimiento y sus expectativas presentes y futuras en torno al Trabajo Social mexicano.
La objeción mundial y secreta del Covid-19. ¿Estamos en el mismo barco comunitario?
Authors: De la Cruz Lgardo Pedro Isnardo , Borja Sharon G.
Published: May 2024

Vayamos a la ética nuevamente. La que nos exige repensar todo, decidir, actuar, sabiendo y no sabiendo, asumiendo el riesgo de la vida, construyendo desde los otros y desde cada quien lo común y lo comunitario, poniendo en cuestión si la incertidumbre sobre la biología del cuerpo debe dominar nuestras emociones y esterilizar nuestros proyectos comunes; repensarnos el objeto de lo construido como sistema permanente de depredación política, económica y social de lo que ha derivado, en exclusión, vulnerabilidades y violencias sociales, no visibilizadas, selectivas y generalizadas. Derrida, Nancy, Arendt, Baudrillard, Jullien y Pelluchon, nos permiten respirar en la conmoción que ha generado el coronavirus, y desde Trabajo Social, redimensionar que las respuestas a la tragedia no están en el mundo de la simulación ni del artificio que hemos heredado desde las revoluciones políticas contemporáneas, e incluso, desde la historia de la humanidad. La objeción mundial del rey de los virus contemporáneos sigue siendo si estamos conscientes y actuamos en consecuencia sobre el hecho de que estamos en el mismo barco comunitario.
Pre-texto para reflexionar sobre la intervención social desde Trabajo Social: apuestas, tensiones y desafíos en la actuación profesional
Authors: León Baños Lewis Alejandra
Published: May 2024

Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones sobre las apuestas, las tensiones y los desafíos, que supone para el trabajador social adelantar procesos de investigación e intervención social, que desde la pregunta, la sospecha y la acción simbólica, interpelan ambos procesos y nos sitúan a re-pensarlos como procesos imbricados recreados desde distintos espacios epistemológicos de enunciación y variadas estrategias metodológicas que nos aproximan a otras lógicas y sentidos de las intervenciones sociales. Considerando lo anterior, se presenta una recuperación de las experiencias adelantadas entre los años 2010 al 2018, con población afrodescendiente asentada en el espacio urbano, casos Cartagena de Indias, Barranquilla y Santa Marta, basadas en la estrategia metodológica “Encuentros interculturales” como un ejercicio permanente de reflexión-acción-reflexión sobre saberes, prácticas y experiencias de este grupo étnico-racial negro en las principales ciudades del Caribe colombiano y a su vez devolver la pregunta hacia el ejercicio profesional para esclarecer los puentes de comprensión de la acción social instalado en la vida cotidiana de los sujetos y desde los cuales hacemos lecturas y pensamos las apuestas de actuación profesional
Migrantes como agentes de desarrollo en sus comunidades de origen
Authors: Rodríguez Leyva Gabriela
Published: May 2024

La migración en México se ha considerado un fenómeno de larga data, e implica un proceso que considera al origen, tránsito, destino y retorno. Sin embargo, dentro del complejo viaje migratorio, los sujetos han logrado incentivar su capacidad de agencia, ya sea por medio del envío de remesas, o bien, por el aporte al desarrollo de sus comunidades. Lo que reduce la intervención del Estado de manera significativa.
Intervención en Trabajo Social. Una guía introductoria desde la experiencia vivida como estudiante de Trabajo Social
Authors: Camarillo Martínez Fernanda Estefanía
Published: May 2024

La intervención social es la esencia del quehacer profesional de trabajo social, ésta posee particularidades que la construyen y hacen al trabajo social diferente de otras profesiones. El presente trabajo ofrece una guía a partir de la recuperación de los aportes para la construcción de estrategias y modelos de intervención de las trabajadoras sociales Nelia Tello y Adriana Ornelas, y desde la experiencia vivida como estudiante, retomando los elementos que definen a la intervención en trabajo social, tales como el objeto de intervención, el espacio social y los sujetos con los que se interviene, el proceso metodológico de la intervención, así como la importancia de la recuperación de la experiencia. Se retoma la formación estudiantil a través de las prácticas escolares para señalar la importancia de aproximarse a la intervención como un proceso metodológico, que se construye desde pensar a la realidad de manera distinta, involucrándonos como sujetos, estudiantes y profesionales de trabajo social.
Casos con jóvenes en conflicto social
Authors: Gutiérrez Santos Anayelli
Published: May 2024

En el siguiente texto se desarrolla la experiencia en la realización de estudios de caso a partir de un “Modelo de intervención con jóvenes en conflicto social”. Específicamente se retoma la experiencia, de estudios de casos, que se llevó a cabo durante la operación del proyecto “Sumamos y a nadie excluimos” realizada en el año 2014 en la Ciudad de México, en la demarcación territorial Iztapalapa, en la colonia Desarrollo Urbano Quetzalcóatl.
Acción comunitaria con enfoque interdisciplinario Premio “Dr. Gustavo Baz Prada” 2020-2021
Authors: Avendaño Ferra Lucero
Published: May 2024

El servicio social es una actividad profesional que integra en su desarrollo la docencia, investigación y difusión de la cultura. Se constituye en una práctica que permite confrontar y consolidar los conocimientos adquiridos durante la formación académica, proporcionando al pasante un espacio de adquisición y aplicación de conocimientos, además de contribuir al desarrollo devalores y facilitar una aproximación al desempeño profesional.
Entrevista a Silvia Galeana de la O.
Authors: Sainz Villanueva José Luis
Published: May 2024

Voces académicas es un espacio de reflexión del quehacer cotidiano en la Escuela Nacional de Trabajo Social. Su propósito es compartir saberes, experiencias y prácticas diarias de la vida académica de la ENTS, desde la mirada de sus actores, quienes día a día construyen la identidad de nuestro espacio de estudio y convivencia social.
La policía vecinal de Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl
Authors: Martínez Gómez Edgar
Published: May 2024

El presente texto es producto de un proyecto de investigación realizado sobre la forma en cómo operan las policías de proximidad vecinal de Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl. Para el análisis se mutilizó un marco analítico de las políticas públicas denominado “implementación con énfasis en Street-Level Bureaucracy” (Lipsky, 1980). Se trata de un enfoque crítico sobre la implementaciónde políticas que pone en el centro a las burocracias que intervienen literalmente “en la calle”. Para el estudio se emplearon tres principales categorías: estatus de primera línea, procesamiento de personas y discrecionalidad. Este tipo de enfoques arrojan luz para futuras investigaciones en el campo de la intervención social.
Los principales índices de medición de la democracia: Freedom House, Vanhanen´s Index of Democracy, Democracy Index de The Economist, Electoral Democracy Index y Polity IV
Authors: Suárez-Iñiguez Enrique
Published: May 2024

En este artículo el autor analiza los cinco índices de medición de la democracia que aparecen en el título, explica su contenido, objetivos y metodología. Elabora también una crítica de cada uno, en particular por su limitada concepción de democracia y por la manera en que la miden, pues esto atañe al problema de la confiabilidad (reliability). Ésta no se logra cuando las mediciones se basan en preguntas que contestan distintas personas ni cuando se utilizan escalas de medición 1-5 y 1-7. La confiabilidad es un procedimiento que logra el mismo resultado cada vez, independientemente de quién lo aplique
Romper el silencio político: la teoría mimética más allá de Girard
Authors: Gutiérrez Javán Gabriel
Published: May 2024

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Validación de la Escala Exposición a la Violencia en la Comunidad en Adolescentes (EVC-A)
Authors: Chaidez Villalobos Ileana Danae , Valdés Cuervo Angel Alberto , Ramos Lira Luciana , Yánez Quijada Adrián Israel
Published: May 2024

La violencia en la comunidad es un problema que afecta la vida de los adolescentes mexicanos. Los investigadores deben contar con escalas con evidencias de validez y fiabilidad para estudiar el constructo. En el estudio se diseñó y analizaron las propiedades psicométricas de la escala para medir Exposición a la Violencia en la Comunidad en Adolescentes (EVC-A) en una muestra de 598 estudiantes mexicanos de educación secundaria (M = 13.23 edad, DE = 0.96), 313 del sexo masculino (51%) y 285 del femenino (47%). Se examinaron evidencias de validez (contenido, discriminante y concurrente), de fiabilidad (consistencia interna y varianza explicada) y de invariancia del modelo de medida en ambos sexos. El análisis factorial confirmatorio verificó el ajuste del modelo de medida de dos factores de primer orden a los datos (violencia directa y violencia indirecta), el análisis de validez discriminante confirma que cada dimensión mide un único constructo. Se confirmó la invariancia de medida del modelo en ambos sexos. Las relaciones positivas de ambos factores con el acoso y la victimización son evidencias de validez concurrente de la escala. Estos resultados sugieren que la EVC-A es una medida psicométricamente robusta del constructo en adolescentes mexicanos.
Phishing Website Detection
Authors: Shariyab Mohd
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Phishing is an online threat where an attacker impersonates an authentic and trustworthy organization to obtain sensitive information from a victim. One example of such is trolling, which has long been considered a problem. However, recent advances in phishing detection, such as machine learning-based methods, have assisted in combatting these attacks. Therefore, this paper develops and compares four models for investigating the efficiency of using machine learning to detect phishing domains. It also compares the most accurate model of the four with existing solutions in the literature. The work carried out in this study is an update in the previous systematic literature surveys with more focus on the latest trends in phishing detection techniques. This study enhances readers' understanding of different types of phishing website detection techniques, the data sets used, and the comparative performance of algorithms used. Our findings show that the model based on the K means clustering is the most accurate of the other four techniques and outperforms other solutions in the literature.
Early Prediction of Liver Disease
Authors: Rana Priya , Tiwari Ayush , Dutta Shubhankar , S Deepthi
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Chronic liver disease (CLD) poses a substantial global health challenge, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. The timely identification of CLD is imperative to enhance patient outcomes and ensure effective disease management. This research introduces an innovative machine learning framework designed to predict liver disease at an early stage, utilizing a wide range of clinical data resources. By integrating demographic information, laboratory test results, imaging findings, and patient medical history, our model aims to accurately forecast the onset and progression of CLD. Advanced classification algorithms, including Random Forest and Gradient Boosting, are employed for feature selection and model development. Performance evaluation is conducted on a comprehensive dataset comprising longitudinal patient records. The results demonstrate promising accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, highlighting the potential of machine learning in enhancing CLD risk assessment and enabling timely interventions.
An IOT Based Vehicle Theft Detection and Remote Engine Locking System
Authors: A. P. Prof. Suryawanshi
Published: May 2024

Abstract: An IoT based vehicle theft detection and remote engine locking system is GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) technology that helps the users to identify the vehicle in the theft mode and allow you to use the controlling mechanism technique. These days, there are a ton of cars being stolen. It's a big problem because crime rates are going up, and it's making it harder to keep vehicles safe. Criminals are becoming smarter and have reached the stage of applications present against the vehicles safety system. Vehicle theft has become a considerable issue which should be traced and prevented. The new system solves many problems and is affordable. Also the proposed system reducing complications by making use of some high priced products like ignition key, microcontroller. In the proposed method, we include an additional feature where controlling mechanisms remotely lock the vehicle engine and prevent theft. In proposed technique, user can start/stop the vehicle either by using the ignition key, which tracks exact location of the vehicle using the application. This paper talks about a great anti-theft system for vehicles. It uses Global Positioning System(GPS),Global System for Mobile Communication(GSM),and Biometrics technologies(i.e fingerprint ) to find the vehicle and confirm the owner's identity. Fingerprint device captures the fingerprints and matches the distinctiveness of every print scan by the device and compares it to the one keeps in its module or native system database.
Traffic Sign Recognition Using Deep Learning
Authors: Sharma Mohit Kumar
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Traffic sign recognition is a crucial component in advanced driver assistance systems and autonomous vehicles, enhancing road safety and overall transportation efficiency. Deep learning, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has emerged as a powerful tool for image based recognition tasks. The proposed deep learning-based traffic sign recognition system exhibits promising results, providing a foundation for the development of intelligent transportation systems. The trained model demonstrates remarkable accuracy in recognizing a wide range of traffic signs under different scenarios, including challenging lighting conditions and occlusions. The system's real-time performance is evaluated on both simulated and actual road scenarios, showcasing its feasibility for deployment in practical driving environments. The integration of such technology into vehicles holds great potential for enhancing road safety, reducing accidents, and contributing to the evolution of autonomous driving technology.
Crop Disease Prediction Using Web Application
Authors: Mutalik Sumanth , Rashi  , Rahamathunnisa  , Rimsha  , Chandana Ms.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Agriculture plays a very vital role in our life. Without agriculture, the existence of human beings is not possible as it is the main source of our food supply to sustain on the earth and it also helps to grow our economy across the world. Plant disease detection is one of the most important aspects of maintaining an agriculturally developed nation. The timely and efficient detection of plant diseases is essential for a healthy and productive agricultural sector. Various diseases like Common Rust, Bacterial Spot, Leaf Mold, Mosaic Virus, Powdery Mildew and others that could affect a plant and cause farmer to lose a substantial sum yearly. Deep Learning (DL) can play a crucial role in helping farmers to prevent crop failure by early disease detection in plant leaves. In the experiment, examination conducted by Convolution Neural Network (CNN) model on dataset (which consists of images of healthy and infected leaves) to detect plant diseases and Web Application is used for real-life crop disease prediction. The proposed Web Application aims to assist farmers in detection of plant diseases by analyzing images of the plant leaves. The proposed application uses the CNN model to distinguish healthy and infected leaves. The goal is to help farmers and prevent economic loss by detecting plant diseases early
Development strategies for creative small and medium enterprises (SMEs): A Quintuple Helix Model approach to support smart city initiatives
Authors: Dahmiri Dahmiri , Khalik Idham , Ramadhan Rizky Azika
Published: May 2024

This study explores the development of Creative Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the food, textile, and handicraft sectors in Jambi City, employing the quintuple helix model to align with the Smart City concept. The research gathered primary data through surveys, interviews, and focused group discussions (FGDs). The study encompassed a diverse range of stakeholders from the specified sectors, with a sample size of 100 individuals. A mixed-method research approach was adopted, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methods. Analytical tools such as the Likert scale, SWOT analysis, and the quintuple helix model were employed for data analysis and interpretation. The findings reveal that many participants in these sectors were women, predominantly with high school-level education. The age group of 46-55 years was most represented among the respondents. Notably, the food sector emerged as the dominant industry among the studied SMEs, attributed to its relative ease of establishment and cost-effectiveness compared to the textile and handicraft sectors. The study also examined the perceptions of the roles of quintuple helix actors (government, academia, industry, society, and social environment) in the development of these SMEs. The findings indicate a generally positive perception, suggesting effective fulfillment of roles by these actors. This collaborative effort within the quintuple helix framework has positively impacted the development of creative SMEs in Jambi City, contributing significantly to the Smart City initiative. The study underscores the importance of such collaboration in fostering the growth and sustainability of creative SMEs in the context of urban development.
Effects of corporate actions on market dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic: An event study on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Lubis Tona Aurora , Fitriaty Fitriaty , Sari Novita , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Ningsih Maryati
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated unprecedented uncertainty within the stock market, eliciting adverse reactions within the capital market. This environment compelled companies to engage in corporate actions. This research aimed to develop a model assessing the impact of corporate actions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study employed an event study methodology to analyze corporate actions from March 1 to March 30, 2021, identifying four key actions: Stock Splits, Pre-emptive Rights (Rights Issues), Partial Delisting, and Warrants. These corporate actions influenced various metrics, including the frequency of stock returns, actual returns, stock returns, and trading volume activity. The outcomes of these actions varied, presenting differences before and after their execution. The study's findings categorize the impact of corporate actions during the pandemic into two distinct groups: insignificant and significantly negative. This research contributes to understanding the ramifications of corporate decisions during periods of heightened market volatility, specifically within the context of the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the COVID-19 pandemic.