bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The facts on the ground: why we should be talking about Austria’s Stolpersteine
Authors: Siegl Carina
Published: August 2024

Holocaust commemoration is a diverse cultural practice that comes in the form of ceremonies, textbooks and various kinds of art. There are films, novels, memorials and so-called ‘counter memorials’. Presumably, Stolpersteine (stumbling stones) is the largest project of counter memorials worldwide. These are brass plates inserted into the ground, commemorating individual victims of Nazi violence. The project originated in Germany in the 1990s and quickly spread to numerous other countries. But why should special attention be paid to Austrian stumbling stones? My interest in this question was sparked by the realisation that some Austrian stones differed significantly from their German counterparts. Their designs are different; they are partially based on diverging concepts and the organisations responsible have atypical structures compared to the status quo in other countries. In this article, I first show that activists as well as commentators in Austria are hesitant to identify memorial stones with national concepts. I then examine a curious schism that has occurred between memorial organisations in the Austrian capital of Vienna and the rest of the world. I propose that the tendency to confine memorial work to local contexts is symptomatic of a larger, specifically Austrian, resistance to accepting moral responsibility for the National Socialists’ crimes. Most importantly, I call upon scholars to acknowledge and study the so-far overlooked idiosyncrasies of organisations that install stumbling stones in Austria.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI YAYASAN LINGKAR PERDAMAIAN DALAM MELAKSANAKAN DERADIKALISASI TERHADAP MANTAN NARAPIDANA TERORIS
Authors: Imam safii Imam safii
Published: August 2024

This paper presents itself as a criticism of the war on terrorism in Indonesia by taking action and enforcing the law, mobilizing the police apparatus especially Detachment88 and carrying out executions of radical perpetrators. It turns out that the handling has not solved the problem of terrorism that occurred in Indonesia. It could even give birth to a new terrorism from the family of the naples as well as the ex-Napites from prison due to their grudges. So from this the need for handling a soft power approach is to strive for the de-radicalization of ex-convicted terrorists in the hope of preventing the emergence of new terrorists in the next era. The Circle of Peace Foundation is a foundation founded by Ali Fauzi along with former terrorists. This foundation is one of the foundations in the field of Flow Integrity control with the aim of changing the mindset of families of ex-terrorist convicts - former Islamic terrorists are friendly rather than angry and keep them away from destructive attitudes. Ali Fauzi as the chairman gathered a number of ex-combatants and invited them together to echo the values of world trade. The purpose of this study is to find out about the communication strategies of the Foundation's circle of peace actions in carrying out de-alienation of ex-convicted terrorists. Decalcalized by this circumference foundation, the Soft Power Apoach model is a soft method which is then implemented with a communication strategy. So the results obtained from the communication strategy of the circle of peacekeeping circles are by establishing reliable communicators and partners in their fields, setting targets of de-decalalized programs, namely changing structuralist mindset towards constructive, compiling peaceful messages and choosing social media as a means of disseminating decalecalized information implemented by foundations peramayan circle.
DEMOKRASI KAUM SANTRI DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM (Mendudukkan Konsep Demokrasi dan Ittiba>’ Kiai)
Authors: Ansori Ibnu Hajar , Nasikah Roudlatun
Published: August 2024

Kiai is the central figure in Indonesia's political world. The involvement of kiai is the implementation of loving motherland concept, as well as manifestation of exemplary to Prophet who not only as a religious leader, but also a statesman who leads the fight for peace, justice and prosperity. That role can be seen for example from the notice issued by the kiai in Presidential election 2019. The masyayikh (kiai) appeals the students and the extended family of the pesantren to not abstain and directs them to choose certain president candidate in the 2019 election. For santri, emulate and follow (ittiba>’) or that notice is a inevitability even though it seems contrary with the concept of democracy which adheres to the freedom of speech principle. Through this article, santri tradition in democracy will be analyzed descriptively analytically with the al-Qur'an and hadith approach. From the results of the study, it is found that that the observance of santri to Kiai is the actualization of the meaning of QS. al-Kahfi: 66 about the story of the Prophet Khidir and Musa, which illustrates the students obedience to the teacher. Beside, the santri democratic tradition concept can be called taadub democracy which is based on the santri manners or attitudes toward his teacher. Regarding to how the decision made, the kiai opens the opportunity and let the santri to decide, even though it will be responded by the santri with the principle of sami’na> wa at}a’na. If forced to be different, then they must pay attention to the relationship ethics between students and kiai, so it will not become obstacles to the benefit and blessing of knowledge.
Strategi Dakwah Salafi di Indonesia
Authors: Chozin Muhammad Ali
Published: August 2024

Pertumbuhan dakwah Salafi di Indonesia mencapai puncaknya setelah tumbangnya rezim Orde Baru. Kemunculannya berawal dari Dewan Dakwah Islam Indonesia (DDII) dan Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Islam dan Bahasa Arab (LIPIA), yang memperkenalkan manhaj salâf as-sâlih kepada umat Islam Indonesia. Mereka didukung oleh lembaga-lembaga donor dari Timur Tengah berupa pendidikan gratis di Timur Tengah serta dana untuk mendirikan lembaga-lembaga untuk menunjang eksistensi dakwah Salafi, seperti pendirian yayasan, sekolah, rumah  sakit, pondok  pesantren, dan lembaga kursus bahasa Arab. Di samping mendirikan lembaga-lembaga  formal, mereka pun mengisi ceramah keagamaan, khutbah, tablig akbar, halaqah, dan daurah.Kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut didokumentasikan menjadi kaset, VCD, DVD, yang kemudian dijual bersama buku, jurnal, dan majalah. Di samping itu, ada pula yang memberikan tausiah, nasehat, dan dakwah melalui media penyiaran, seperti stasiun televisi  dan  radio, serta dunia maya, seperti website, blog, mailing list (milis), dan jejaring sosial.
MENGEMBANGKAN PRIBADI YANG TANGGUH MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN KETERAMPILAN RESILIENCE
Authors: Mayasari Ros
Published: August 2024

Menjalani kehidupan adalah sesuatu yang harus dijalani setiap makhluk ciptaan Allah SWT. Perkembangan zaman yang semakin modern menjadikan hidup semakin kompleks dan penuh tantangan, diperlukan pribadi ketangguhan, kepribadian tahan banting agar dalam menghadapi berbagai tantangan, kesulitan hidup baik sebagai pribadi maupun kelompok tangguh dalam istilah agama, merupakan pribadi yang senantiasa bersyukur atas segala apapun yang diberikan Allah SWT kepadanya apakah itu nikmat atau ujian. Untuk menjadi pribadi yang tangguh adalah tidak mudah, maka diperlukan latihan agar keterampilan pribadi yang tangguh dapat terasah sehingga apapun keadaannya dapat berprasangka baik kepada Allah SWT. Keterampilan resilience akan terlatih dengan interaksi individu dengan lingkungan, semakin individu berhasil mengatasi krisis yang dihadapi maka akan semakin meningkatkan potensi individu dalam rangka menghadapi tahapan perkembangan berikutnya. Hal itu pula yang akan menjadikan mental dan jiwa seseorang akan selalu hidup dan mempunyai energi positif yang terpancarkan. Selalu optimis dalam menhghadapi segala masalah kehidupan yang menerpa.
INOVASI MATERI DAKWAH DARI IBADAH KE MUAMALAH BAGI ORMAS ISLAM UNTUK MEREALISASIKAN MASYARAKAT INKLUSIF DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Hasanah Siti
Published: August 2024

Dakwah Islam pada dasarnya adalah fardu bagi setiap muslim, di mana aktifitas tersebut memerlukan pemahaman Islam secara komprehensif untuk internalisasi nilai-nilai Islam dalam aktifitas kehidupan. Nilai-nilai Islam yang bersumber dari ajaran aqidah, syariah dan akhlak dapat diterapkan secara utuh, bukan setengah-setengah yang menyebabkan pada pola kehidupan yang memisahkan antara ajaran agama dengan urusan duniawi. Padahal antara urusan duniawi dan akhirat yang telah diajarkan Nabi Muhammad SAW tidak boleh terpisah. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya dakwah transformatif bagi para da’i dalam menyampaikan risalah Islam. Dakwah transformatif dapat dilakukan dalam dua metode, yaitu metode refleksi dan aksi.Kota Semarang Propinsi Jawa tengah terdiri dari 16 Kecamatan 186 Kelurahan dengan dengan jumlah penduduk 1.260.985 orang yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Islam dengan prosentasi 98%. Sebagai kota yang melaksanakan nilai-nilai religiusitas terbukti dengan dinamika kegiatan-kegiatan ta’lim yang diselenggarakan organisasi-organisasi masyarakat Islam seperti Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, Salimah, jama’ah tarbiyah, dan lainnya. Oleh karena itu, organisasi masyarakat (ormas) Islam memiliki peran yang strategis untuk mewujudkan kondusifitas keberagamaan di Kota Semarang.
MELIHAT OBJEKTIFITAS MEDIA MASSA TERHADAP PERNYATAAN PAUS BENEDICTUS XVI
Authors: Aprianti Reza
Published: August 2024

Manusia membutuhkan media yang memberikan informasi atas sebuah realitas. Salah satu media yang banyak digunakan adalah surat kabar atau Koran. Namun dalam proses penyampaian informasi oleh media tidak semua peristiwa diberitakan media, ada proses seleksi mana berita yang layak diberitakan. Faktor-factor yang mempengaruhi proses pengolahan berita adalah ideologi media tersebut. Penulis memilih harian Kompas dan Republika sebagai surat kabat terbesar di Indonesia yang dapat mempengaruhi masyarakat banyak. Republika adalah Koran yang lahir dengan latar belakang Islam (ICMI) dimana misinya mengedepankan Islam. Sementara Kompas, walaupun sudah Independen dan terlepas dari pendirinya, Partai Katolik, namun stereotip Kristin masih melekat. Untuk melihat perbedaan kedua media tersebut dalam mengkonstruksi beritanya, penulis mengambil isu sentiment keagamaan yang dikeluarkan oleh Paus Benedictus XVI terhadap Islam yang terjadi di Universitas Regensburg, Jerman. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan paradigma produksi dan pertukaran makna yang disebut konstruksionis dengan menggunakan metode analisis Framing sebagai pisau analisa. Analisis Framing yang dipilih penulis adalah model Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicki serta teori Agenda Setting.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kompas dan Republikamempunyai framing yang berbeda. Republika mengkonstruksi berita yang berpeluang untuk memunculkan sisi positif pihak Muslim dengan memanfaatkan fakta yang ada. Sedangkan Kompas lebih pada keberpihakan atas opini Paus dengan membungkus sentimen keagaman Paus kedalam satu pencitraan yang positif sehingga dapat mempegaruhi publik melalui konstruksi berita.
Dialog Antar Umat Beragama di Indonesia: Perspektif A.Mukti Ali
Authors: Anwar Moh. Khoiril
Published: August 2024

Dialog antar umat beragama dianggap cukup efektif untuk menciptakan kerukunan hidup antar umat beragama yang merupakan tujuan dari bangsa Indonesia. Tulisan  ini membahas dialog antar umat beragama perspektif A. Mukti Ali untuk melihat bagaimana pandangan A.Mukti Ali tentang perbedaan agama. Permasalahan yang dianggap penting oleh penulis adalah bagaimana memahami dialog antar umat beragama, bagaimana menjalankan dialog antar umat beragama, dan konstribusi dialog antar umat beragama terhadap Indonesia. A. Mukti Ali mendefinisikan dialog tidak dalam pengertian cara atau metode yang dilakukan oleh dua belah pihak atau lebih dalam mengkomunikasikan perbedaan sebagaimana belakangan banyak dipahami orang. Pengertian ini dapat terjebak pada penekanan pertemuan dan selebrasi. Menurut A. Mukti Ali, kata yang sepadan dengan dialog adalah concourse yang berarti berlari bersama, bergerak bersama, bergerak maju bersama, bukan hanya berbicara satu dengan yang lain.
Relationship Between Fasting Blood Glucose Levels and Lipid Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Lestari Sarah Syifa , Setiawan L Edward Kurnia , Rachmawati Banundari , Candra Aryu
Published: August 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health emergency that experiences an increasing trend every year. Diabetes mellitus can cause complications if not treated properly. One of the complications that arises is hypertension. Type 2 DM patients with hypertension may have a higher risk of complications than type 2 DM patients without hypertension. Aim: To prove the relationship between Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) levels and lipid profile levels in type 2 DM patients with hypertension. Methods: This research is an analytical observational study using a cross-sectional approach. This study used secondary data from type 2 DM patients with hypertension medical records at Diponegoro National Hospital, with as many as 38 respondents from 2021 to 2023. Results: Spearman Rank’s analysis showed that in type 2 DM patients with hypertension, the correlation between GDP levels and total cholesterol levels was p = 0.073 and r = 0.295, HDL cholesterol p = 0.232 and r = 0.199, LDL cholesterol p=0.048 and r=0.323, and triglyceride p=0.371 and r=0.149. Conclusion: There was a significant positive correlation between GDP levels and LDL cholesterol levels in type 2 DM patients with hypertension.
The Correlation between Duration and Frequency of Writing Activities on Subjective Complaints of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Widyaningtyas Hana , Setiawati Erna , Kesoema Tanti Ajoe
Published: August 2024

Background: In 2020, lectures were passed online due to the pandemic Covid 19, but now it is offline as before. This method has increased hand duration for writing. Using a hand for long and repetitive duration can affect pathological abnormalities on the nerves that lead to complaints such as soreness, pain, numbness, and weakness. Of these symptoms, 90% refer to a pathological disorder named Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).Objective: To determine the relationship between writing activities and subjective complaints of CTS using research subjects of students of the Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia. Methods: This study is analytical with a crosssectional method. CTS complaints were measured Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire(BCTS-Q). Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis and Spearman correlation bivariate analysis. Results: 99 respondents fit the criteria that experience subjective complaints of CTS based on the BCTS-Q; 69.7% mild, 4% moderate, and 1% very severe. There was no correlation between duration (p= 0.852), frequency (p = 0.824), and rest time of writing (p = 0.285) with subjective complaints of CTS. It could be the cause of high subjectivity in interpreting the severity of CTS without a physical examination and difficulty in recalling the time they needed to write in one week. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the duration, frequency, and length of rest time of writing and subjective complaints of CTS.
Identifying Acute Ischemic Stroke with Hemichorea as A Clinical Manifestation: A Case Report
Authors: Nugraha Priya , Hamdan Muhammad , Soedjono Harris Kristanto , Valentine Putri Permata
Published: August 2024

Focal brain lesions can induce abnormal involuntary movement disorders, including hemichorea, hemiballismus, parkinsonism, myoclonus, dystonia, tremor, and asterixis. The most common cause of focal brain lesions is stroke, followed by trauma, neoplasm, anoxia, vascular malformations, metabolic disease, and multiple sclerosis. Hemichorea-hemiballismus as an initial presentation of acute ischemic stroke is very rare, with an incidence rate of 0.54%. Case Presentation: A 65-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension and diabetes experienced sudden, involuntary, non-rhythmic, and uncontrollable movements of the left extremity one day before being admitted to the hospital. A non-contrast CT scan of the head revealed acute cerebral infarction on the right basal ganglia. The symptoms of hemichorea improved with the initiation of haloperidol after three days of treatment. Regarding this case, acute ischemic stroke should be considered suppose a patient without hyperglycemia and with sudden onset of hemichorea visits to emergency room.
Ajaran Samin: Dari Makna Simbolik Menuju Hakikat
Authors: Suharyo Suharyo , Rokhman Fathur , Yuniawan Tommi
Published: August 2024

Sudah cukup banyak kajian tentang masyarakat Samin dengan berbagai pendekatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan makna simbolik dan hakikat ajaran. Samin dengan menggunakan konsep tanda sebagaimana dikemukakan Saussure dan semantik sebagaimana dijelaskan Pateda dengan metode studi pustaka. Data diolah dengan menggunakan langkah sebagaimana ditawarkan Miles  Haberman: reduksi data, pencatatan data, dan inferensi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) ajaran Samin yang termuat dalam angger-angger (pratikel, pangucap, dan lakonana) masih dipertahankan, (2) sudah mulai ditemukan perubahan sosial, (3) menggunakan bahasa ngoko dalam setiap ranah, (4) makna simbolik dari ketiga angger-angger: berbuat baik dengan sesama, tidak mengumbar hawa nafsu, jujur, satu kata dengan perbuatan, memerhatikan hak milik; karena hakikatnya hidup itu satu, selamanya, dan kematian hakikatnya hanya “ganti pakaian”, (5) makna simbolik dan hakikat pada pitutur tertentu pada masyarakat Samin  sebagai ciri pembeda dengan masyarakat di luar Samin, seperti ibu bumi, bapak angkasa, rukun(an), anak, turun, dan siji.
History of Military Academies in Indonesia
Authors: Herlina Nina
Published: August 2024

The Military Academy in Indonesia has a rich history, established in different locations under various names until they were eventually merged. This study explores the dynamics of the Military Academies in Indonesia, from the Dutch East Indies era to the present day. It also investigates why Tidar Valley became the location for the Military Academy, considering both logical factors and local traditions? The research methodology employed in this study is the critical historical method, comprising four distinct stages heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. To explain why the Military Academy is located in the Tidar Valley, the author uses ideas from Robert von Heine Geldern and Gilbert J. Garraghan. This study reveals the dynamic development of the military academy in Indonesia. During the Dutch East Indies era, officer training took place at the Military Academy in Breda. Following World War II, a new Military Academy was established in Bandung in 1940. After Indonesia became independent in 1945, the Military Academy was established in Yogyakarta. Later on, more military education institutions appeared in various places like Tangerang, Mojoagung, Malang, Brastagi, Parapat, Bukittinggi, Palembang, Salatiga, and Bandung. In 1957, these institutions were combined to create the National Military Academy in Yogyakarta, which had branches for land, air, and sea. The land division became the Military Academy in 1965. In the same year, all division academies were merged into the Armed Forces Academy of the Republic of Indonesia (AKABRI), and the land division was renamed the Military Academy.
The Galungan Holiday in Postmodern Historical Studies
Authors: Wijaya I Nyoman
Published: August 2024

This study examines the topic of Galungan, a cultural practice in Bali that occurs every 210 days. Galungan is not only celebrated in Bali but also in almost all major cities in Indonesia and around the world. In every celebration, Galungan is always referred to as the day of victory of dharma (virtue) over adharma (evil). This topic is examined using a postmodern approach, employing Foucault's theory of power-knowledge relations. The aim is to uncover the hidden power-knowledge relations within it. To achieve this goal, Galungan is positioned as subjugated knowledge. The research question is, what knowledge is subjugated, so that a single discourse emerges that Galungan is a celebration of the victory of dharma over adharma? This issue is examined using Foucault's methods of genealogy of power and archaeology of knowledge. The research results show that the reference to Galungan as the day of victory of dharma over adharma is the result of demythologization, a fictional story that is reconstructed and considered as truth. In order to realize this discourse, a great deal of old knowledge is subjugated, such as Galungan as the day of the arrival of ancestral spirits and the economic cycle of society. At the surface level, this effort is successful, in pemedek [worshippers] these two things are more prominent than highlighting the victory of dharma over adharma.
Antibiotic-Resistant Phenotype and Genotype of S. suis serotype 2 (SS2) Isolated from Humans in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: MAYURA I PUTU BAYU - , TARINI NI MADE ADI , Susilawathi Ni Made , YULIANDARI PUTU
Published: August 2024

Background: In recent times, meningitis, an infection primarily attributed to the zoonotic bacteria Streptococcus suis, has emerged as a significant public health concern in Bali, Indonesia. Their resistance to a multitude of antibiotics has emerged as a contemporary threat, as opposed to their virulence. There is a current lack of reported information regarding the genetic or phenotypic susceptibility pattern of S. suis to antibiotics in Bali.Objective: The objective of this research endeavor was to ascertain the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of S. suis isolates in Bali, either through phenotypic or genetic means.Methods: The Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Prof. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital was consulted for the acquisition of clinical specimens. Since April 2016 until April 2022, the antibiotic sensitivity of isolates was identified and assessed using the VITEK 2 Compact (Biomeriuex®). Determining the serotype and antibiotic resistance genes genetically required PCR employing multiple primers.Results: Successful isolation of sixty-six S. suis isolates occurred primarily from cerebrospinal fluid. The results demonstrated that all isolates exhibited phenotypic resistance to tetracycline, with one isolate demonstrating co-resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin/clindamycin. It is additionally corroborated genetically through the amplification of the tetM gene in every isolate, including those that exhibited concurrent resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline. The intTn gene, which is a member of the conjugate transposon Tn916 family, was amplified and utilized for horizontal media gene transfer on S. suis plasmids carrying the resistance genes ermB and tetM.Conclusion: This research represents the initial investigation into the antibiotic resistance phenotype and genotype of S. suis serotype 2 (SS2) isolated from human subjects in Bali, Indonesia. The findings suggest that the pathogenicity and widespread dissemination of SS2 in the community may have been influenced by the extensive use of tetracycline and the horizontal acquisition of the genetic element Tn916 with tetM.
Sorghum Tempeh on Cholesterol Levels and Histopathology of Aorta in High-Fat Diet-Induced Rat Model
Authors: Bintang Francisca Natalia , Lestari Endang Sri , Afifah Diana Nur , Muniroh Muflihatul , Anjani Gemala , Syauqy Ahmad , Djamiatun Kis
Published: August 2024

Background: Elevated cholesterol levels are associated with hypercholesterolemia, the primary cause of death and lost productivity, and a significant risk factor for the onset of cardiovascular disease. Sorghum is known for its high bioactive components and phenolic compounds, flavonoids, β-glucans, and dietary fiber, which act as anti-cholesterol properties.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the impact of sorghum tempeh on cholesterol levels and histopathology of aorta in rats fed a high-fat diet.Methods: A total of 24 male 8-weeks-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: standard diet group (SD), high-fat diet control group (FD), rats fed high-fat diet + low dose of sorghum tempeh (T1), and high-fat diet + high dose of sorghum tempeh (T2). Measurements of cholesterol levels were determined using the total cholesterol ELISA method. Histopathology of aorta analysis was carried out after four weeks of intervention of the four treatment groups using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining.Results: The average total cholesterol levels post-intervention in the SD, FD, T1, and T2 were 89.986±2.089, 220.365±3.847, 121.161±4.111, and 97.836±2.504 mg/dL, respectively. The results showed that the total cholesterol level significantly decreased (p<0.05) after giving a formula of sorghum tempeh with doses of 0.75 g and 1.50 g per 200 g body weight of rats for four continuous weeks. Histopathology of the aorta in the FD and T2 groups showed a significant difference compared to the SD group. The result which was closest to the SD group was the T1 group.Conclusion: Sorghum tempeh is a high-fiber and antioxidant source that can control hypercholesterolemia by lowering serum total cholesterol. It is also possible to improve histopathology but not yet able to approach normal conditions. The administration of sorghum tempeh with a low dose is sufficient, and further research is still required to determine the effect of sorghum tempeh on aorta histopathology.
Molecularly-Targeted and Biological Anti-Cancer Therapy
Authors: Klener P. , Klener Pavel
Published: August 2024

The advent of the new millennium was characterized by emergence of dozens of so-called new anti-tumour drugs that differed in many substantial aspects from the established, so far widely used chemotherapy agents. Along with the entrance of these novel anti-tumour agents into clinical practice several new terms and designations came up as well, including molecular targeted therapy, biological therapy, epigenetic therapy, differentiating therapy, gene therapy, and tailored/individualized/personalized therapy. Unfortunately, not only in the daily news, but also in numerous scientific reports the above-given terms and notions either have been used interchangeably (which in our opinion they are not), or each time their meaning has been interpreted in a more or less different way. As a consequence a substantial part of the current generation of clinical oncologists, who have had limited personal experience in the field of molecular biology, vainly grope for a simple explanation of how to use these terms properly. For this reason we have decided to set up a brief editorial that would provide an unsophisticated review focused on these new anti-cancer agents and treatment approaches, with special focus on the molecular roots from which they have originally stemmed. We expect that the current article will help ordinary clinical oncologists to gain insight into the molecular basis of the modern treatment anti-cancer strategies.
Posttraumatic Temporal TGF-β mRNA Expression in Lens Epithelial Cells of Paediatric Patients
Authors: Berezowski Piotr , Strzalka-Mrozik B. , Forminska-Kapuscik M. , Mazurek U. , Filipek E. , Nawrocka L. , Pieczara E. , Banasiak P. , Kimsa M.
Published: August 2024

The aim of the study was to determine temporalTGFB1,TGFB2andTGFB3gene expression profiles in the anterior lens capsule of paediatric patients with posttraumatic cataract. The patient group comprised 22 children selected with a fragment of anterior lens capsule obtained during elective cataract surgery and sampled for molecular analysis. The levels of TGF-β isoforms in the anterior lens capsule were determined based on the number of mRNA copies per 1 μg total RNA by real-time qRTPCR. Three time-related result clusters were identified based on hierarchical cluster analysis: 2.2, 4.4 and 15.0 months (time span from injury to anterior capsule sampling during surgery) and compared with regard to temporal gene expression profile and quantitative relations of TGF-β1, 2 and 3 mRNAs. TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 mRNAs were detected in all anterior lens capsule samples. A comparative analysis revealed: TGF-β1>TGF-β2>TGF-β3 during the entire observation period. The TGF-β mRNA levels continued to increase up to four months after injury, then returning close to the base levels after around 15 months. The expression patterns of TGF-β isoforms showed a similar tendency. Differences in the expression levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 between the particular clusters were statistically significant. Posttraumatic transcriptional activities of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in the anterior lens capsule of paediatric patients depend on the time elapsing from injury. Our findings indicate that the transcriptional activities ofTGFBfamily genes show a transient period of over-expression during the months after injury. TGF-β1 is a dominant isoform expressed in lens epithelial cells following injury.
Periodic and fixed points for mappings in extended b-gauge spaces equipped with a graph
Authors: Zikria Nosheen , Samreen Maria , Savas Ekrem , Sen Manuel De la , Kamran Tayyab
Published: August 2024

This article presents the notions of extended b-gauge space

(

U
,

Q

φ
;
Ω

)

\left(U,{Q}_{\varphi ;\Omega })

and extended

J

φ
;
Ω

{{\mathcal{J}}}_{\varphi ;\Omega }

-families of generalized extended pseudo-b-distances on

U

U

. Furthermore, we look at these extended

J

φ
;
Ω

{{\mathcal{J}}}_{\varphi ;\Omega }

-families on

U

U

and define the extended

J

φ
;
Ω

{{\mathcal{J}}}_{\varphi ;\Omega }

-sequential completeness. We also look into some fixed and periodic point theorems for set-valued mappings in the new space with a graph that does not meet the completeness condition of the space. Additionally, this article includes some examples to explain the corresponding results and highlights some important consequences of our obtained results.
Spectral properties for a system of Dirac equations with nonlinear dependence on the spectral parameter
Authors: Çöl Aynur
Published: August 2024

We consider the boundary value problem generated by a system of Dirac equations with polynomials of spectral parameter in the boundary condition. We investigate the continuity of the scattering function and provide Levinson-type formula, which shows that the increment of the scattering function’s logarithm is related to the number of eigenvalues of the boundary value problem.
No Consistent Evidence for Associations Between Various Forms of Social Media Usage and Emotional Prowess: A Multi-⁠Study Approach With Three Adult Samples
Authors: Stieger Stefan , Volsa Selina , Götz Friedrich M.
Published: August 2024

The good and bad impacts of social media on individuals and societies remain poorly understood and highly debated. An often-discussed, yet little-studied worry about social media usage is that it may breed diminished social and emotional abilities. Here, we tested this assumption across three studies with adult samples (N = 316, 1,879, 903). We used different indicators of emotional prowess (i.e., emotional intelligence, emotion recognition), a broad set of social media usage measures and adopted a three-pronged analysis approach featuring zero-order correlations, multiple regressions, and conditional random forests. Our findings do not support consistent evidence for associations between social media usage and emotional prowess. Instead, we find conflicting evidence for passive social media usage (related to lower overall emotional intelligence but better emotion recognition) and active social media usage (related to higher overall emotional intelligence but worse emotion recognition). We find some evidence for positive associations between emotional prowess and general smartphone usage and text messaging usage. Further, we find largely inconsistent and/or null effects for social media addiction, general social media usage, general smartphone usage, video gaming, and media sharing. In the absence of consistent effects of social media usage, we find strong, robust, and replicable associations between age and emotional prowess.
Job satisfaction as a condition for teachers’ psychological well-being: An empirical study
Authors:   Ural State Medical University, Vershinina Tatyana Stanislavovna , Kocheva Olga Leopoldovna ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Shkurin Denis Vadimovich ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Maltsev Alexey Vladimirovich ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The article examines the problem of the correlations between teachers’ psychological well-being and job satisfaction. The purpose of the study is to identify the components of teachers’ psychological well-being and compare the level of psychological well-being of teachers with different attitudes towards the profession. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study includes research articles by Russian and international scholars in the field of psychological well-being as a general scientific phenomenon and psychological well-being of teachers in particular. In order to collect empirical data, surveys were conducted in three municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region (N=1484 teachers) in 2021-2022 using the five-factor questionnaire TIPI-RU, the Meaning-in-Life Orientations test, the Muddy’s Resilience test, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale (E. Diener). Methods of mathematical statistics were used to process the results obtained. Results. The main results of the study consist in identification of several regularities that influence the state of teachers’ psychological well-being in the surveyed municipalities. The authors found that the use of various sets of techniques gives comparable results on the phenomenon under study, and the key component of the psychological well-being of respondents is their attitude towards their work. The identified set of personal qualities is decisive for the analysis of the relationship between attitude towards the profession and the level of satisfaction with it. It is also shown that satisfaction with the teaching profession increases in proportion to the length of teaching experience. Conclusions. The article concludes about the correlation between the status of teachers’ psychological well-being and their job satisfaction. The presented results can be used in the development of measures aimed at professional burnout prevention and increasing meaningful attitudes towards teaching profession at both regional and federal levels.
Emotional expressivity and self-regulation as indicators of social emotions in older preschool children: Evaluating the effectiveness of development
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Batenova Yulia Valeryevna , Filippova Oksana Gennadievna ,   South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University
Published: August 2024

Introduction. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the main ideas on the problem of social emotions and social competence in the context of the development of self-regulation and interaction skills, as well as the role of parents in this process. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the effectiveness of the development of certain indicators of social emotions in older preschool children, such as emotional expressivity and self–regulation, using an innovative method of reflective conversation. Materials and Methods. A narrative approach was used as a methodological basis of the study. The main research methods comprise the analysis of scholarly literature devoted to the problem of the development of social emotions in older preschool children; as well as evaluation methods, including observation (V. M. Kholmogorova and E. O. Smirnova’s ‘Primary orientation in children s’ relationships’), testing (R. M. Chumicheva’s inventory for determining the ability of a 3-7-year-old child to assess mental states of another person), situation analysis, the method of reflexive conversation, as well as methods of statistical data processing (criterion φ – Fisher angular transformation). 68 preschoolers participated in the study. Results. The authors substantiate that the study of emotional expression and regulation of emotions of older preschool children is significant for understanding and choosing techniques for developing appropriate interactive skills. The relationship between the socio-emotional competence of older preschool children and reflective conversation has been determined. It has been proven that children’s ability to regulate their own emotions contributes to increasing their overall social competence. As a result of comparing the data of primary and secondary assessment of the experimental and control groups according to the indicators established: assessment of the mental states of another person, initiative, sensitivity to peer influences and the prevailing emotional background, significant differences were revealed. Conclusions. The experimental study of the influence of reflexive conversation on the development of social emotions and skills of emotional self-regulation allowed us to establish a causal relationship between indicators of socio-emotional competence and the constructive algorithm for conducting reflexive conversation. The study concludes that reflective conversations contribute to the development of emotional expressivity and self-regulation as indicators of social emotions in older preschool children.
VISI KOLONIAL DAN MIMPI KOSMOPOLITAN: REPRESENTASI INDONESIA DAN THAILAND DALAM CATATAN PERJALANAN BARAT KONTEMPORER
Authors: Akmal Ramayda
Published: August 2024

This article investigates the representation of Indonesia and Thailand in contemporary Western travel writing, focusing primarily on how this cultural production presents the two countries temporally and spatially.  Furthermore, it elaborates the rhetorics of colonial legacy and cosmopolitan vision within the representation process. To solve its research problems, this study applies several concepts, including the concept of travel writing, the concept of subjectivity, the concept of colonial legacy, and the concept of cosmopolitan vision. This research is carried out methodologically through a hermeneutic reading of the studied works by also considering the external factors that influence them. For this research, a sample of three works of western travel writing published in the past few decades and written by western travel writers from variety of backgrounds, were selected. They are Paul Theroux's The Great Railway Bazaar (1976); Pico Iyer's Video of Night at Kathmandu (1988); and Robert Kaplan's Monsoon, The Indian Ocean and the Future of American Power (2010). This study finds that Indonesia and Thailand have been represented diversely in contemporary western travel writing, creating discourses that are influenced by colonial legacy or cosmopolitan vision.
About Methods of Extracting Algorithms from Binary Code
Authors: Kulagin Ivan Ivanovich , Padaryan Vartan Andronikovich , Koshkin Viacheslav Alexandrovich
Published: August 2024

The paper proposes an iterative method for extracting algorithms from a binary code and constructing their high-level representation. The construction of algorithms using the proposed method is implemented in the form of analysis of dynamic slices. The method is based on an algorithm for tracking data flow in the forward and backward directions. Also, two levels of presentation of the extracted algorithms are proposed: a functional slice diagram and an algorithm execution diagram. The functional slice diagram is a structured slice representation and is a lower-level representation than the algorithm execution diagram. The flowchart of the algorithm is a representation consisting only of function models and their parameters. The proposed method for constructing algorithms and methods of their presentation allow to increase the analyst's productivity in solving problems of code security analysis, to improve the quality of the obtained analysis results. The developed ways of representing algorithms can be used to implement algorithms for automatic analysis of code security. In addition, the authors reviewed the approaches to extracting algorithms from binary code and how they are represented by static code analysis tools and considered some of their shortcomings and limitations.
Platform for Automatic Fuzzing of OS Components
Authors: Suraev Egor Petrovich , Egorova Victoriia Vyacheslavovna , Panov Alexey Sergeevich
Published: August 2024

Automation of security analysis processes plays an important role in software development, because it allows vulnerabilities to be detected and fixed at an early stage. This article presents the development outcomes of an automated fuzz-testing platform, as well as its integration with a platform for processing and storing the results of various security analysis tools. The developed platform integrates security analysis tools into a single testing system embedded in the continuous integration process. The proposed platform not only simplifies and speeds up the testing and analysis processes, but also increases the accuracy of vulnerability detection through results aggregation and the application of machine learning algorithms for marking and prioritizing detected errors. This approach allows developers to identify and correct vulnerabilities in a timely manner, contributing to the creation of more reliable and secure products.
A Method of Protocol-Aware Multi-tone Sweep Jamming
Authors: Grigoryan Heghine , Kirakosyan Lilia , Sargsyan Sevak
Published: August 2024

This article extensively reviews radio wave jamming methods, focusing on their application to disrupt drone signals. It explores the evolution of these techniques, from basic noise-based methods to more advanced systems that target specific communication protocols. The article analyzes key jamming types such as barrage, tone, sweep, and protocol-aware jamming for their mechanisms and efficacy. Each type is discussed in terms of its operational principles, benefits, and limitations, offering a comprehensive understanding of the impact these methods have on drone communications. The review also discusses contemporary counter-jamming strategies, such as frequency hopping, which are increasingly being used to enhance the resilience of drone systems against interference. In addition, the article emphasizes the significant role of software-defined radio (SDR) systems in developing and improving effective drone communication jamming solutions. The flexibility of SDR technology allows for the dynamic adaptation of jamming techniques, making it an important area of research. We aim to improve understanding of SDR-based jamming methods and their practical application by combining theoretical studies with hands-on experiments.
Static Analysis of Go Maps
Authors: Subbotin Daniil Nikolaevich , Borodin Alexey Evgenevich , Dvortsova Varvara Viktorovna
Published: August 2024

The paper describes static analysis of map in the Go language for dereferencing a null pointer when extracting a key from a map. The work has been done within the Svace static analyzer. We begin with introducing Svace intermediate representation and algorithms. Then we describe the IR changes needed for modeling Go maps and their semantics. We explain how intraprocedural analysis is performed and how the null dereference detector works. Then we proceed with a summary-based interprocedural analysis. We show evaluation results on a wide range of open source projects.
Support of Visual Basic .NET in SharpChecker Static Analyzer
Authors: Karcev Vadim Sergeevitch , Ignatyev Valery Nikolayevich
Published: August 2024

This paper presents the implementation of static analysis for Visual Basic .NET (VB.NET) within the industrial tool SharpChecker. Leveraging the Roslyn compiler framework, VB.NET analysis was integrated into SharpChecker, enabling static code analysis for VB.NET projects. The process involved building support for VB.NET projects, creating a comprehensive test suite, implementing a source code indexer, and adapting existing analyzers to support VB.NET syntax nodes and operations. Evaluation of translated tests and real-world projects demonstrated production-acceptable analysis quality, paving the way for improved maintenance of VB.NET projects. Additionally, the study highlighted SharpChecker’s capability for cross-language analysis, showcasing its ability to handle mixed C# and VB.NET projects efficiently.
On the Development of the Draft Standard GOST R “Information Protection. Formal Access Control Model. Part 3. Recommendations on Development”
Authors: Devyanin Petr Nikolaevich
Published: August 2024

Formal models of access control must be described in accordance with the requirements of FSTEC of Russia regulatory documents, in order to ensure trust in certified information security tools when they implement appropriate access control policies. The criterias that the description of each such model must meet were established in GOST R 59453.1-2021 “Information protection. Formal access control model. Part 1. General principles” to stimulate the development of formal access control models that are adequate to the operating conditions of modern information security tools. This standard also specifies additional criteria for cases where specific policies are implemented by information security tools: discretionary access control (DAC), mandatory access control (MAC), role-based access control (RBAC), or mandatory integrity control (MIC). A draft of the new standard GOST R “Information protection. Formal access control model. Part 3. Recommendations on development” was developed with the participation of the author to simplify the process of describing the formal model, which is scheduled for approval in 2024. This new standard is important for the development of regulatory and methodological support in this area. The standard will also be useful in developing a formal model for information security tools that are complex system software, such as an operating system (OS) or a database management system (DBMS). The article analyzes the results of the development of this draft standard, including the stages recommended in it for describing the formal model. Firstly, this is the stage of describing the states of the corresponding abstract automaton. Secondly, this is one of describing the rules for transition from states to states of an abstract automaton. Thirdly, this is the stage of formulating and implementing evidence of the fulfillment of safety conditions, the technologies and practical techniques used for this. In addition, the article provides examples of testing the recommendations set out in the draft standard when reworking the mandatory entity-role model of access and information flows security control in OS of Linux family (MROSL DP-model), which is used as the scientific basis for the implementation of the PARSEC security subsystem of certified according to the highest protection classes and trust levels of OS Astra Linux.
SLAP – Simple Linear Attack for Perceptron
Authors: Perminov Andrey Igorevich
Published: August 2024

This article introduces a new approach to tricking perceptron based neural networks with piecewise linear activation functions using basic linear algebra. By formulating the attack as a system of linear equations and inequalities, it demonstrates a streamlined and computationally efficient approach to generating diverse sets of adversarial examples. The algorithms for the proposed attack have been implemented in code, that accessible in the open-source repository. The study highlights the formidable challenge posed by the proposed attack methodology for contemporary neural network defenses, emphasizing the pressing need for innovative defense strategies. Through a comprehensive exploration of adversarial vulnerabilities, this research contributes to the advancement of adversarial robustness in machine learning, paving the way for the development of more reliable and trustworthy artificial intelligence systems in real-world applications.