bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reimagining the Journal Editorial Process: An AI-Augmented Versus an AI-Driven Future
Authors: Shmueli Galit ,   National Tsing Hua University, Ray Soumya ,   National Tsing Hua University
Published: January 2024

The editorial process at our leading information systems journals has been pivotal in shaping and growing our field. But this process has grown long in the tooth and is increasingly frustrating and challenging its various stakeholders: editors, reviewers, and authors. The sudden and explosive spread of AI tools, including advances in language models, make them a tempting fit in our efforts to ease and advance the editorial process. But we must carefully consider how the goals and methods of AI tools fit with the core purpose of the editorial process. We present a thought experiment exploring the implications of two distinct futures for the information systems powering today’s journal editorial process: an AI-augmented and an AI-driven one. The AI-augmented scenario envisions systems providing algorithmic predictions and recommendations to enhance human decision-making, offering enhanced efficiency while maintaining human judgment and accountability. However, it also requires debate over algorithm transparency, appropriate machine learning methods, and data privacy and security. The AI-driven scenario, meanwhile, imagines a fully autonomous and iterative AI. While potentially even more efficient, this future risks failing to align with academic values and norms, perpetuating data biases, and neglecting the important social bonds and community practices embedded in and strengthened by the human-led editorial process. We consider and contrast the two scenarios in terms of their usefulness and dangers to authors, reviewers, editors, and publishers. We conclude by cautioning against the lure of an AI-driven, metric-focused approach, advocating instead for a future where AI serves as a tool to augment human capacity and strengthen the quality of academic discourse. But more broadly, this thought experiment allows us to distill what the editorial process is about: the building of a premier research community instead of chasing metrics and efficiency. It is up to us to guard these values.
Human-in-the-Loop AI Reviewing: Feasibility, Opportunities, and Risks
Authors: Drori Iddo ,   Boston University / Columbia University, Te'eni Dov ,   Tel Aviv University
Published: January 2024

The promise of AI for academic work is bewitching and easy to envisage, but the risks involved are often hard to detect and usually not readily exposed. In this opinion piece, we explore the feasibility, opportunities, and risks of using large language models (LLMs) for reviewing academic submissions, while keeping the human in the loop. We experiment with GPT-4 in the role of a reviewer to demonstrate the opportunities and the risks we experience and ways to mitigate them. The reviews are structured according to a conference review form with the dual purpose of evaluating submissions for editorial decisions and providing authors with constructive feedback according to predefined criteria, which include contribution, soundness, and presentation. We demonstrate feasibility by evaluating and comparing LLM reviews with human reviews, concluding that current AI-augmented reviewing is sufficiently accurate to alleviate the burden of reviewing but not completely and not for all cases. We then enumerate the opportunities of AI-augmented reviewing and present open questions. Next, we identify the risks of AI-augmented reviewing, highlighting bias, value misalignment, and misuse. We conclude with recommendations for managing these risks.
Evolving Epistemic Infrastructure: The Role of Scientific Journals in the Age of Generative AI
Authors: Yoo Youngjin ,   Case Western Reserve University
Published: January 2024

Scientific journals, crucial components of our epistemic infrastructure, have continuously adapted to the changing technological landscape. Today, we stand at the precipice of a transformative phase brought about by generative AI, specifically large language models such as OpenAI’s GPT and Google’s Bard. In this opinion piece, I examine the implications of these models for the future of scientific journals and various stakeholders in the scientific community, including journals, scholars, and universities. To envisage the future trajectory of scientific journals, it’s imperative to comprehend the operational mechanisms of these models and the fundamentally recombinatorial nature of human knowledge creation. I suggest that one of the significant roles generative AI can play is facilitating “long jumps” in our knowledge exploration process. I further propose decentralization and deferred and temporary binding as two crucial characteristics of the evolving epistemic infrastructure that supports precarious knowledge production. I foresee a future where scientific journals extend beyond their traditional gatekeeping roles. I call for scholars—as authors, reviewers, and mentors—to utilize these technologies to traverse the broad landscape of potential knowledge, fostering a more inclusive and dynamic scientific ecosystem.
Extending the Foresight of Phillip Ein-Dor: Causal Knowledge Analytics
Authors: Watson Richard T. ,   Digital Frontier Partners / University of Georgia, Song Yuanyuan (April) ,   University of Georgia, Zhao Xia ,   University of Georgia, Webster Jane ,   Queen's University
Published: January 2024

Phillip Ein-Dor advocated that electronic journals be more than a PDF of the established text model. He envisioned a transformation of scholarship. The need for such a transition has only grown since the first issue of JAIS in 2000 because the continuing growth and fragmentation of knowledge limits the generation of new knowledge. We propose drawing on analytics and AI to accelerate and transform scholarship, providing an appropriate tribute to a visionary IS leader.
THE FALL OF DEMOCRACY IN HUNGARY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Petrenko Victoria , Basarab Valeriia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

The article is about Hungary during the reign of Viktor Orbán since 2010, which, being one of the most democratic countries in Europe, has changed its status in recent years. The reasons and consequences of the fall of democracy in Hungary are analyzed, what role did the Russian Federation play in this and how it is reflected in Ukrainian-Hungarian relations. It has been studied that among the main reasons for the dismantling of democracy, the concentration of power in the hands of V. Orbán and his political party «Fidesz», which led to the recognition in 2022 by the European Parliament of Hungary as a country with a «hybrid regime of electoral autocracy», is the most important. However, despite the criticism, V. Orbán’s policy still has considerable support among the Hungarian population. It was also found out that V. Orban’s foreign policy played an equally important role: flirting with V. Putin turned into open pro-Russian support against the background of Russian war crimes in Ukraine, which causes outrage not only from the Ukrainian side, but also from the European union.
NATO COMMUNICATION POLICY: BASIC THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL PRINCIPLES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bratyna Zahar
Published: January 2024

The article examines the communication policy of the Northern Alliance (NATO), the conditions of its formation, the stages of its formation, and the key principles of NATO’s strategic communications system, which is an integral and important component of the internal and external political activities of the defense bloc. The main definitions of the term strategic communications and their components, the concept of hybrid war, etc. are given. It was found that the lack of a comprehensive communication strategy for the coordination of various activities and the formation of messages and narratives during the NATO mission in Afghanistan pushed the Alliance to develop a strategic communication system. Currently, the Alliance is making efforts to comprehensively develop the Organization’s communication policy, increase the level of awareness of the population of NATO member countries regarding the bloc’s values, goals, operations and actions. The article substantiates the influence of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict on NATO’s awareness of the need to fight the manifestations of the hybrid war of the Russian Federation, which it is waging in Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, as well as in Central and Eastern Europe. The Alliance recognizes that an effective strategic communications system is extremely important in countering Russian propaganda.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CIVIL DEVELOPMENT SOCIETIES IN UKRAINE AND POLAND
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Volkivskyi Mykola
Published: January 2024

A comparative analysis of the processes of institutionalization of civil society in Ukraine and Poland was carried out. It was revealed that in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the situation with social and political movements in Ukraine and Poland was similar, but soon the situation began to undergo deep and significant distortions. At the same time, the thesis about the consequential nature of the revitalization/weakening of civic activity in connection with uneven economic development or decline of the national economy cannot withstand criticism, because there is a correlation here, and not a clear determination. It was revealed that the significant differences between Ukraine and Poland that have developed over the past 30 years are caused not only by the economic reforms of the 1990s, but also by the dynamics of the activity of the nongovernmental sector, which was often the driving force behind the reformation of post-socialist Poland with further movement and entry into the European Union in 2004. of the Union. Highlighting the main features during the contextualization of both processes in the states allows us to talk about the set of factors and reasons that became the reasons for satisfactory or weakened movement and liveliness of civil initiatives. Based on objective data, it seems possible to recommend certain ways to improve the current state of affairs, or to break mediocre trends. All this together forms a powerful theoretical-methodological complex of practical direction, in which a clear necessity for modern Ukraine can be traced. During the active discussion about Euro integration and Atlantic aspirations, there is a direct need for a road map, which can be drawn up only if there is a base of empirical material, which is partially offered to us by the Republic of Poland.
Research on the Development and Innovative Strategy of Knowledge Payment Platform in the Internet Era
Authors: Chen Yajing , Leong Yee Choy , Yiing Lee Shin , Xiao Yunxia
Published: January 2024

The widespread adoption of knowledge-based payment systems and numerous online knowledge-based paid items is made possible by the quick development of knowledge information and networking technology. Paid columns were quickly introduced by platforms like Himalaya FM, Zhihu, and Qingting FM, while pay-for- knowledge businesses like Fenda, iGet, and Qianliao quickly went live online. Users rapidly increased, and it was assumed that the knowledge payment progressive trend had been met. This paper aims to examine the emergence of edge computing into the mobile information system into the presence and inevitability of the knowledge payment platform, evaluate the advantages, challenges, and pathways for knowledge payment platform optimization, and try to provide a conceptual suggestion for aiding in its advancement. During data analysis, the independence of the polynomial characteristics was evaluated using Pearson's chi- squared tests. A brand-new meta-heuristic optimizer dubbed Harris Hawks optimization is inspired by how Harris hawks seek food in the wild. According to the experimental results, 98 of the survey's respondents—or 19.1% of all respondents—were under the age of 18; 201 were between the ages of 18 and 29; 142 were between the ages of 30 and 39; and 73 were over 40, or 14.2% of all respondents. The findings indicate a younger age distribution for the sample, with the concentration being highest among those between the ages of 18 and 29, then 30 to 39. The mobile information system edge-based knowledge payment platform has successfully undergone continuous use behavior analysis.
Rapid Estimation of Single-Station Earthquake Magnitudes with Machine Learning on a Global Scale
Authors: Dybing Sydney N. , Yeck William L. , Cole Hank M. , Melgar Diego
Published: January 2024

The foundation of earthquake monitoring is the ability to rapidly detect, locate, and estimate the size of seismic sources. Earthquake magnitudes are particularly difficult to rapidly characterize because magnitude types are only applicable to specific magnitude ranges, and location errors propagate to substantial magnitude errors. We developed a method for rapid estimation of single-station earthquake magnitudes using raw three-component P waveforms observed at local to teleseismic distances, independent of prior size or location information. We used the MagNet regression model architecture (Mousavi and Beroza, 2020b), which combines convolutional and recurrent neural networks. We trained our model using ∼2.4 million P-phase arrivals labeled by the authoritative magnitude assigned by the U.S. Geological Survey. We tested input data parameters (e.g., window length) that could affect the performance of our model in near-real-time monitoring applications. At the longest waveform window length of 114 s, our model (Artificial Intelligence Magnitude [AIMag]) is accurate (median estimated magnitude within ±0.5 magnitude units from catalog magnitude) between M 2.3 and 7.6. However, magnitudes above M ∼7 are more underestimated as true magnitude increases. As the windows are shortened down to 1 s, the point at which higher magnitudes begin to be underestimated moves toward lower magnitudes, and the degree of underestimation increases. The over and underestimation of magnitudes for the smallest and largest earthquakes, respectively, are potentially related to the limited number of events in these ranges within the training data, as well as magnitude saturation effects related to not capturing the full source time function of large earthquakes. Importantly, AIMag can determine earthquake magnitudes with individual stations’ waveforms without instrument response correction or knowledge of an earthquake’s source-station distance. This work may enable monitoring agencies to more rapidly recognize large, potentially tsunamigenic global earthquakes from few stations, allowing for faster event processing and reporting. This is critical for timely warnings for seismic-related hazards.
Workplace Stress of Special School Teachers at Three Schools in Bali Province
Authors: Kusuma Made Adhyatma Prawira Natha , Biomi Agnes Ayu
Published: January 2024

Workplace stress is often seen as a threat or a problem that comes from the work environment. Stress is a feeling resulting from the interaction between the individual and the work environment. Work stress can happen to anyone at any time, including special school teachers. This research aims to describe the workplace stress of special school teachers at three schools in the Bali Province. This research was conducted in October-December 2022. Researcher used quantitative research method with cross-sectional design and descriptive approach. Data collection is carried out using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-III and the Occupational Diagnosis Survey from the Ministry of Manpower Indonesia. The sample of this research was 95 participants. Researcher use total sampling technique. The results showed that 52.63 percent of respondent experience workplace stress in the moderate categories and 44.21 percent in the mild categories. Based on the diagnosis to what extent work conditions are a source of stress, 14.74 percent of respondents are moderately stressed due to ambiguity of roles, 15.74 percent are due to role conflict, 37.89 percent are due to quantitative overload, 57.89 percent are due to qualitative overload, 13.68 percent are due to career development, and 62.11 percent are due to responsibility towards others.
Factors Associated With Reproductive Health Knowledge Among Vocational School Students In Padang
Authors: Yuliza Wilda Tri , Yanti Meyi , Alkafi Alkafi , Rahma Gusni
Published: January 2024

The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2022 reported that 35.3 persen of women and 31.2 persen of men aged 15-19 have limited or no awareness of reproductive health. The rise of vocational students who are often caught in raids with several cases including sexual deviations is a fatal impact of the lack of reproductive health knowledge on adolescence. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors associated with reproductive health knowledge among vocational students in Padang City. A cross-sectional quantitative research was conducted in July-September 2023 among 538 students at SMK in Padang, with a sample of 85 people selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected through a questionnaire with an interview method, and univariate and bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The study found a significant relationship between parental role (p equal to 0.037), peer influence (p equal to 0.018), and media influence (p equal to 0.018) with reproductive health knowledge in vocational students. It is recommended that students seek information from trusted sources related to reproductive health, to ensure accurate and useful understanding.
Using Moodle's branching scenario tool to teach and assess linguistic mediation strategies
Authors: Sánchez Rodríguez Tatiana
Published: January 2024

In the current global context, languages are the most direct expression of our culture, and linguistic diversity is a reality we need to protect and boost. Existing since 2001 and being officially introduced in the Foreign Language Teaching (FLT) curriculum in 2019, the concept of linguistic mediation mainly aims at boosting plurilingualism. Both teachers and students across Europe start using linguistic mediation strategies to perform different mediation activities relying on the descriptors for all levels provided by the new Companion Volume and extensive cascading formation programs. In this article, we intend to prove Moodle’s branching scenario tool to address the teaching and assessing of mediation strategies to explain new concepts through synchronous and asynchronous sessions by making a contribution to the teaching and evaluation process of H5P content for C2 level in the field of adult education, more precisely in the Official School of Languages (OSL). Thus, having provided a theoretical and methodological framework supporting those mediation tasks, we will then provide a sample action-oriented scenario using Moodle’s branching scenario tool to facilitate the acquisition of the mediation strategies to mediate texts, communication and concepts using an AOA and taking potential difficulties in its implementation into consideration. We will finally share observations and suggest further research.
Historia de la Educación Social en Brasil, Uruguay y Chile. Aproximaciones histórico-pedagógicas
Authors: Machado Evelcy , Camors Jorge , Nájera Eusebio
Published: January 2024

El artículo presenta el proceso histórico de la educación social en tres países latinoamericanos mediante un estudio bibliográfico y la reflexión inmersiva de los autores en dicho proceso. La educación en estos países se haya marcada por los silencios y ausencias de una concepción amplia de lo social, lo que repercute como déficit en el desarrollo de sociedades más sostenibles y democráticas. La escuela en este contexto histórico apare- ce como el único espacio educativo significativo, empero el estudio remarca la presencia significativa de las corrientes y movimientos de educación popular, no formal y de adultos que explicitan tanto en la comunidad como en la escuela los desafíos actuales de las insti- tuciones educativas. Es así que en las últimas décadas se expresan nuevas modalidades y políticas de educación social relevantes y se avanza en la constitución de la profesión del educador social especializado, al mismo tiempo que aumenta progresivamente el interés y la investigación dentro del campo académico, donde se hace relevante el encuentro y diálogo con la pedagogía social.
A Educación Social en Galicia: desenvolvemento profesional, académico e científico
Authors: Caballo villar María Belén , Gradaille Pernas Rita , Varela Crespo Laura
Published: January 2024

Este artigo realiza un percorrido histórico polo desenvolvemento profesional, académico e científico da Educación Social en Galicia como ámbito universitario especia-lizado. A traxectoria académica da Educación Social na Universidade, cos precedentes na especialidade de “intervención socioeducativa” da Licenciatura en Filosofía e Ciencias da Educación (sección Pedagoxía) da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, transcorre á par dos esforzos realizados no mundo social, que intentaba profesionalizar as prácticas so-cioeducativas e acadar o recoñecemento de diversos “oficios”. A súa inmersión nas univer-sidades galegas e o desenvolvemento científico da Pedagoxía Social téñenlle outorgado un corpus epistemolóxico que se foi consolidando en diálogo co quefacer profesional. Os fitos da Pedagoxía-Educación Social en Galicia evidencian que o compromiso político, ideolóxico e ético inherente a este campo de coñecemento e práctica profesional continúa resultando imprescindible para enfrontar os retos de futuro, así como o traballo conxunto entre os espazos académicos e profesionais.
Fernando Barcia e Bernardo Mato: breve conceptualización dunha pedagoxía republicana
Authors: Paz Cabo Miguel
Published: January 2024

O ensino galego viviu nos anos da II República un momento dourado. Mestres e mestras asumiron novas técnicas educativas, rexeitaron visións seculares e acientifistas do ensino e trataron de rachar coa visión clasista deste. Mestres como Fernando Barcia e Ber-nardo Mato foron unha pequena parte daquela forma nova de ensinar e, no fondo, de vivir.
MAGALHÃES, Justino (2022): Na rota da educação: epistemologia, teoria, história. Campinas (BR): Editora UNICAMP; 256 pp. ISBN:9788526815643
Authors: Manique da Silva Carlos
Published: January 2024

Numa perspetiva história-antropológica-pedagógica-institucional, o autor de Na rota da educação: epistemologia, teoria, história elucida-nos sobre um conjunto de conceitos internos ao campo da educação. O seu intento é o de saber de que forma conceitos sociopedagógicos e histórico-antropológicos foram sendo incorporados no campo conceptual da educação. A obra foge a uma orientação metodológica comum, ou seja, de “manual-modelo”. Por exemplo, o autor não alicerça a narrativa na cronologia de factos ou na menção particular a correntes pedagógicas. Em síntese, aquilo que Justino Magalhães procura é dar uma visão panorâmica da educação e das ciências da educação, seguindo um conjunto de tópicos e de subtópicos – remetendo para múltiplas “entradas” – que põem em evidência o sujeito contemporâneo escolarizado. Estamos perante uma investigação densa e profunda do ponto de vista teórico (de leitura absolutamente obrigatória).
FÁTIMA DE SOUZA, Rosa, CELESTE FILHO, Macioniro, MIGLIO DE MESQUITA, Ilka (2022). História e memoria da educação rural no século XX. São Paulo: Editora Acadêmica, 490 pp. ISBN: 978- 65-86546-52-1.
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: January 2024

Este é un traballo colectivo de pescuda histórico-educativa que vén marcar un punto de chegada sobre o estudo e o coñecemento das dinámicas referentes ao campo da educación rural no Brasil, en particular, do período comprendido entre os anos trinta e oitenta do século XX. O texto presenta unha colección revista de pescudas, informacións e significados sobre o que aconteceu no ámbito da educación rural no Brasil. Debido á súa riqueza de información e á súa corrección conceptual e metodológica, de agora en diante será unha obra de referencia.
Editorial
Authors: Campbell Leith H
Published: January 2024

This editorial argues from content in this issue that telecommunications regulation has not kept pace with convergence of telecommunications and content providers. It suggests that the loose co-ordination between regulations and regulators for telecommunications services and digital platforms no longer makes technological sense within the converged architectures of 5G and 6G.

In addition, all the published papers, not just those relating to regulation, are briefly described. This issue also includes an obituary for John Burke, an influential member of this Journal’s Editorial Advisory Board.
Assessment of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide during Incremental Exercise Test, in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Dierckx Wendel , Backer Wilfried , Meyer Yinka , Lauwers Eline , Franck Erik , Ides Kris
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Respiratory pump failure in COPD patients can lead to CO2 retention during exercise, but little is known about the factors determining CO2-levels during exercise in COPD patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the pattern of TcPCO2 in COPD patients during exercise and factors driving this CO2 response. Patients and methods: 24 COPD patients (age 66(8) y, FEV1 43(18) %pred, TcPCO2 at rest 37(4) mmHg, oxygen users 6/24) performed lung function and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). During CPET TcPCO2 was measured continuously and in O2 users the CPET was performed with supplemental oxygen. Results: At baseline, 16 patients were normocapnic (TcPCO2 35-45 mmHg) and 8 hypocapnic (TcPCO2<35 mmHg). At the end of the CPET, 9 patients were normocapnic, 2 showed hypocapnia and 10 were hypercapnic. CO2-retention (∆TcPCO2 >4mmHg) was observed in 18 patients. ∆TcPCO2 correlated significantly with VeMax (r=-.64; p=.004), FEV1 %predicted (r = -.53; p = .008), RV %predicted (r = .54; p = .007), RV/TLC (r = .56; p = .005), sRAW (r =.61; p = .005), sGAW (r = -.60; p = .002), and maximal TcPCO2 (r=.63; p<.001), but did not correlate with baseline TcPCO2 (r = -.08; p = .728). Furthermore, baseline TcPCO2 correlated with the maximal TcPCO2 (r = 0.67; p < .001). Conclusion: The CO2-response of COPD-patients during CPET is heterogeneous with 10/24 developing hypercapnia. This study revealed that the lung mechanics are the most important factor correlating with CO2 retention during exercise while ∆TcPCO2 was not associated with baseline TcPCO2.
THE CHALLENGES OF CHRONIC ANTICOAGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTHETIC HEART VALVES
Authors: Patnaik Soumya , Patnaik A.N.
Published: January 2024

The vitamin K antagonists (VKA) had been the sole option to reduce or prevent the mechanical prosthetic valve thrombosis and thromboembolic phenomena for last several decades. Their chronic usage can lead to both bleeding as well as thrombotic complications. As the therapeutic window for the drug levels is very narrow, VKA therapy needs close monitoring and periodic blood testing (PT-INR). Patients have to follow bothersome diet restrictions. Patient-education and co-operation are paramount for maintaining the INR in the prescribed safe range. The recommendation for bridging therapy when the patients with mechanical valves are subjected to any procedure or surgery is not standardized and such instructions are often confusing to patients, family members and ill-trained health professionals. The management of special populations such as the pregnant and the elderly continue to be very challenging. Anticoagulation is generally avoided in those with bioprosthetic valves unless there is atrial fibrillation. An early clinical trial with rivaroxaban in patients with bioprosthetic valves and atrial fibrillation (RIVER trial) proved it to be non-inferior to warfarin. The role of newer oral anticoagulants in patients with prosthetic valves is the current focus of research. With large number undergoing transcutaneous aortic valve implantation (TAVI) which is a bioprosthetic device, deciding what constitutes the optimal anticoagulant for them has become an emerging clinical challenge.
The Two Opioid Crises Problems, Causes, and Potential Solutions: An Analytic Review
Authors: Nadeau Stephen , Lawhern Richard
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The United States currently faces two opioid crises, an evolved crisis currently manifesting as widespread abuse of illicit opioids, and a crisis in pain management largely manufactured by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2016 Guideline. Our goal in this paper is to identify root causes, trace the trajectory of forces unleashed over time, and define potential solutions to these crises. Methods: Analytic review of the scientific, socioeconomic, and historical literature. Results: The evolved crisis reflects a socioeconomic rift in American society that began in the 1970s and has resulted in disintegration of lives and rising levels of desperation, particularly among the under-educated, rendering them susceptible to the lure of illicit opioids. Present manifestations of that crisis reflect a complex series of events starting with a consensus in the late1990s that opioids were fully acceptable in the management of chronic noncancer pain. This was followed by vast opportunism by pill mills, drug distributors, and the manufacturers that supplied them; aggressive actions by state governments to rein in the pill mills; and ultimately, the development of an enormous black market in heroin and fentanyl. The manufactured crisis reflects intrusion into the medical care of patients in chronic pain by the Centers for Disease Control that had been politicized decades earlier and that, in 2016, issued a Guideline that reflected serious mis-construal of the causes of the opioid crisis. We trace this history and review the literature on treatment of addiction, including medically assisted therapy, treatment of depression, psychosocial interventions, 12-step programs, programs that seek to address the causes of desperation, supervised injection facilities, decriminalization, legalization, and the impact of the comprehensive approach taken by Portugal. We also analyze the problems affecting the Centers for Disease Control that led to the publication of its ill-advised 2016 Guideline. Discussion: We conclude that many approaches currently being taken to treat addiction are well supported by scientific evidence but that the overall efficacy of treatment programs is not optimal and only a small fraction of all patients actually enter such programs. We also conclude that the Centers for Disease Control should have no future role in the regulation of patient care.
Resources for Clinicians in Pain Medicine: Correcting Medical Mythologies on Prescription of Opioid Analgesics
Authors: Lawhern Richard
Published: January 2024

The US regulatory climate pertaining to the prescribing of opioids in acute and chronic pain is presently highly fraught and polarized. The US Center for Disease Control has claimed that over-prescription of opioids by clinicians to their patients is an ongoing major cause of narcotics addiction and overdose mortality. Despite this premise having been conclusively disproved, many US clinicians face disciplinary proceedings and sanctions by State Medical Boards or the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).Those who have not left pain medicine altogether are under pressure to force-taper legacy patients below arbitrary and scientifically unsupported dose thresholds. Patients are being deserted to agony and medical collapse. Clinicians are being imprisoned for no crime other than treating their patients with safe and effective opioid therapy. This paper offers a compendium of 81 references for clinicians practicing in pain medicine and for their lawyers, who choose to contest undeserved persecution or legal sanctions by State Medical Boards or the US DEA. Also of interest are recent references that demonstrate beyond any reasonable contradiction that the incidence of iatrogenic addiction to prescription opioids is so low that it cannot be reliably measured. The DEA has known for at least three years that the US opioid “crisis” was not created and is not being driven by clinicians “over-prescribing” to patients. Among references provided herein are papers demonstrating that the US DEA has been aware for years that over-prescribing of opioid pain relievers is not a dominant cause of either hospital admissions or mortalities involving clinically prescribed opioid analgesics. This awareness may offer grounds for appeal or vacation of court verdicts finding clinicians in violation of “usual and normal” practice of pain medicine. METHODOLOGY This paper comprises a critical review and analysis of medical literature pertinent to safety and effectiveness of prescription opioid analgesics employed by clinicians in the management of acute or chronic pain. Taken in combination, the references herein challenge prevailing memes and misdirection in regulation of prescription pain relievers and in otherwise unfounded prosecutions of clinicians by the US Drug Enforcement Administration, State drug enforcement authorities, and State Medical Boards. The assembled references are selected by the author from over 15,000 accumulated papers and articles acquired during 26 years of reading clinical and popular literature as a data analyst, healthcare writer and patient advocate. Clearly, the author operates from a personal agenda of advocacy on behalf of clinicians and their patients. Evaluation of the scientific and conceptual validity of the references must ultimately rest with Medical Boards and courts in an essentially adversarial process.
Various approaches in the treatment of patients with bleeding disorders: A review
Authors: Thakur Shikha , Kaur Gursharan
Published: January 2024

Bleeding disorders found to be inherited or they can also be acquired in nature and presents at different level of severity in nature. All the clinicians who are oral care providers to the society must be aware of management of the dental patients who are having bleeding disorders. patients who are having bleeding disorders, posses a big challenge for the clinician. on the other side, if the oral care provider have a sufficient knowledge about the bleeding disorders and their management, they can be treated safely as well as smoothly in the dental practice. specially, those patients who are on anticoagulant therapy, represents large groups of disorders related to the bleeding.
Intraoral Angiolipoma a case report
Authors: Divya VC , Ganesh Solaiappan A. , Govardhan L , Nikileshwari I
Published: January 2024

A lipoma variation with a noticeable vascular component is called angiolipoma. It is the most prevalent tumour in the forearm, followed by the trunk and young people's extremities. It is uncommon for it to arise in the head and neck area. The clinical and histopathologic characteristics of angiolipoma that developed on a 40-year-old female are presented in this study. Increased mast cell density surrounding blood vessels is shown using toluidine blue stain, suggesting a possible involvement for these cells in vasculogenic.
How to shorten waiting lists in public health systems?: lessons learned from three pilots implemented in Chile
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: January 2024

The increase in waiting lists for care is a very relevant problem for health systems. While some of the causes are related to deficits in the supply of professionals, equipment and infrastructure, others are related to poor patient management. International experience confirms the importance of combining management with financing. And, within management, consideration should be given to the patients transit or journey through the care pathway. Referral systems play a key role in the management of patient flow and may be affected by the persistence of various sources of inefficiency. Within the framework of the technical cooperation project of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) with the Chilean Ministry of Health (MINSAL), and together with the Public Innovation Laboratory of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, a study was carried out to identify the key performance points that represent opportunities for improvement in management to reduce waiting lists and waiting times in specialty care. This study resulted in a clinical management optimization model that was applied on a pilot basis in three specialties. In addition, performance metrics were comparatively analyzed to evaluate the results of these experiences. Each of these aspects - diagnosis, implementation experience and results - has given rise to a series of three documents, brought together in this document.
Impacto de la pandemia en Bolivia: encuesta a unidades familiares y unidades económicas 2020 y 2021: tecnología y empleo
Authors: Urquidi Manuel , Aramayo Fernando , Chumacero Mauricio
Published: January 2024

El documento presenta información sobre el impacto que tuvo la pandemia de la COVID-19 respecto al uso y acceso a equipos tecnológicos en Bolivia en los años 2020 y 2021. Para ello se realizaron encuestas a unidades familiares y a unidades económicas durante los años 2020 y 2021 en las nueve ciudades capitales de Departamento y la ciudad de El Alto. El documento es el resultado del trabajo de un equipo multidisciplinario en el cual participaron profesionales del BID, PNUD y de la Universidad Privada Boliviana, entre ellos: Santiago Albarracin, Julio Ascarrunz, Nicolás Campos, Liliana Castilleja, Miguel Chalup, Nabilia Rivero, Nicole La Ruta, Milenka Ocampo, Assenet Osorio, Delina Otazú, Asunta Quisbert, Paola Roldán, Solange Sardan y Liliana Serrate.
Encuesta del mercado laboral en Bolivia: oferta 2022
Authors: Urquidi Manuel , Sardán Solange , Serrate Liliana , Albarracín Santiago , Chumacero Mauricio
Published: January 2024

El documento presenta información de oferta laboral en las tres áreas metropolitanas del eje de Bolivia. La información proviene de encuestas relevadas a centros de formación universitaria (a nivel profesional y técnico) en 2022. Los datos contenidos representan una actualización del análisis realizado en 2016 y corresponden a la segunda parte de los resultados de la Encuesta de Mercado Laboral 2022. La primera contiene los datos de demanda laboral y el análisis de brecha de habilidades (Índice de desacople).
Análisis del mercado laboral: características de las empresas, mano de obra y habilidades en ciudades de Bolivia en 2022
Authors: Urquidi Manuel , Ergueta Amparo , Durand Guillaume , Sardán Solange , Serrate Liliana
Published: January 2024

En este documento se presenta un análisis sobre las características de las empresas, mano de obra y habilidades en ciudades seleccionadas de Bolivia. Los datos provienen de dos encuestas: la primera se condujo en las áreas metropolitanas de La Paz-El Alto, Cochabamba y Santa Cruz, y la segunda en una muestra en ciudades intermedias y pequeñas del país. Ambas se llevaron a cabo en el periodo 2022-2023 y en ellas se actualizan datos de las encuestas de mercado laboral realizadas entre 2015 y 2017 que se utilizaron para este mismo análisis en 2020. Aquí se continúa entonces con ese estudio y se actualiza la información incluida en el documento titulado “Análisis del mercado laboral: demanda de empleo, habilidades y necesidades de formación en Bolivia (2020)”. En el presente trabajo se describen las principales características de las empresas y la fuerza laboral en un contexto post pandemia, y se identifican los retos de formación que confronta el mercado laboral boliviano. Se incluye asimismo una encuesta conducida entre jóvenes estudiantes de bachillerato en ciudades intermedias y pequeñas con la cual se busca obtener información sobre su percepción acerca de las perspectivas del mercado laboral y de la formación de habilidades de quienes se encuentran cursando el último año de educación secundaria. La comparación de los dos estudios permite concluir que, en general, el mercado laboral boliviano no presenta hoy diferencias marcadas con las identificadas en el estudio publicado en 2020. Sin embargo, sí se nota una reducción en la brecha de género en la contratación de empleados. Además, las empresas actualmente acuden mucho más a las redes sociales en línea cuando se trata de buscar personal que satisfaga sus necesidades. Otro aspecto destacable es el impacto que tuvo la pandemia en las empresas bolivianas: casi todas registraron pérdidas de ingresos, efectos negativos en sus empleados, y una reducción drástica de la capacitación del personal.
Crossroads in a Fog: Navigating Latin America's Development Challenges with Text Analytics
Authors: Avellán Leopoldo , Brito Steve
Published: January 2024

Latin America and the Caribbean are facing challenging times due to a combination of worsening development gaps and limited fiscal space to address them. Furthermore, the region is contending with an unfavorable external environment. Issues such as rising poverty, climate change, inadequate infrastructure, and low-quality education and health services, among others, require immediate attention. Deciding how to prioritize efforts to address these development gaps is challenging due to their complexity and urgency, and setting priorities becomes even more difficult when resources are limited. Therefore, it is crucial to have tools that help policymakers prioritize current development challenges to guide the allocation of financial support from international financial institutions and other development partners. This paper contributes to this discussion by using Natural Language Processing (NLP) to identify the most critical development areas. It applies these techniques to detailed periodic country analysis reports (Country Development Challenges, CDCs) prepared by country economists at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) from 2015 to 2021. The study reveals that despite the perception that new development challenges have become more critical lately, the region continues to struggle with the same challenges from the past, particularly those related to the government's institutional capacity, fiscal policy, education, productivity and firms, infrastructure, and poverty.
Uso público no Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara: uma análise da estrutura para a promoção do turismo sustentável
Authors: Oliveira Marianne De Menezes Gally , De Oliveira Fagno Tavares
Published: January 2024

A gestão adequada das Unidades de Conservação é um desafio constante, pois requer investimento em infraestrutura, manutenção, capacitação de pessoal e atividades de conservação. Esta pesquisa visa analisar as condições do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara (PNSC) para atender a demanda turística. Para tanto, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Na pesquisa de  campo foi realizado o inventário turístico, avaliando itens como infraestrutura, equipamentos e potencial turístico. O PNSC possui estruturas em mau estado de conservação, além de não contar com estruturas que promovam a acessibilidade, comprometendo a qualidade da visita. O plano de manejo em vigor não dispõe de normas e diretrizes para a promoção do uso público, impossibilitando aproveitar a potencialidade turística e a valorização do PNSC pela sociedade.
Turismo religioso e desenvolvimento socioeconômico: análise da governança turística no município de Aparecida (SP)
Authors: Santos Junior Joao Jose dos , Tomazzoni Edegar Luis
Published: January 2024

Na análise do desenvolvimento do turismo, identificam-se os diferenciais dos segmentos da oferta na atração dos fluxos turísticos. O turismo religioso movimenta, anualmente, mais de 300 milhões de pessoas no mundo. É o principal segmento em vários destinos do país, entre os quais, o município de Aparecida (SP), sede do Santuário Nacional de Nossa Senhora Aparecida, maior centro de peregrinação da América Latina. O turismo religioso, decorrente de romarias, é a principal atividade econômica do município, que recebe cerca de 12 milhões de visitantes ao ano. O Santuário, que oferece, além do espaço interno, estrutura de hospedagem, alimentação e lazer, influencia na configuração socioespacial do município, e impacta nas políticas públicas locais. Com base no modelo teórico dos múltiplos fluxos, este trabalho analisa a governança e a formulação de políticas públicas no destino turístico. Os procedimentos da pesquisa foram análise do Plano Diretor de Turismo Municipal e entrevistas com membros do Conselho Municipal de Turismo (Comtur). Nos resultados, verificam-se: articulação com o plano anterior, utilização de indicadores do inventário turístico, pesquisa de demanda e avaliação dos atrativos. Com os impactos da pandemia de Covid-19, houve maior articulação do setor. Conclui-se que o Comtur representa a consolidação da governança, em razão da convergência de interesses políticos, sociais e econômicos dos atores, na gestão, planejamento e especialmente na formulação das políticas públicas do turismo. É importante que o desenvolvimento turístico transcenda os limites do Santuário, contemplando a integralidade do território do município.
Economia Social Solidária e Turismo de Base Comunitária: aproximações teóricas e teórico-empíricas
Authors: Zanetoni João Pedro Ferraz , Mariani Milton Augusto Pasquotto , Araújo Geraldino Carneiro de
Published: January 2024

A economia social e solidária é uma forma de organização que preza pela coletividade, autonomia e igualdade no trabalho. O Turismo de Base Comunitária (TBC) possui valores parecidos, principalmente no que diz respeito à participação da comunidade no planejamento do turismo. Muitas comunidades que aderem ao TBC se estruturam de acordo com os princípios da economia social e solidária, contudo, as pesquisas sobre TBC pouco falam das questões de gestão interna das comunidades. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste ensaio teórico é relacionar a economia social e solidária com o TBC. Os resultados permitiram tal aproximação teórica-empírica, destacando dinâmicas que refletem a gestão interna (governança local, autorregulação, gestão coletiva e relações ambientais) e a relação com o turismo (gestão comunitária e protagonismo local).
Outline for Empathy-Based Medical Education
Authors: Padmanabhan Vijayaraghavan
Published: January 2024

Empathy has been recognized in recent years to play a central role for the successful practice of medicine. Hence, developing empathetic skills needs to be the underlying objective during the training of undergraduate medical students as well as in continuous education of health professionals. However, during the process of medical education, the quality of empathy that is naturally present within the student has been found to decline. The task is to achieve the process of learning medicine and at the same time preserve and foster the quality of empathy. Spontaneous learning based on one’s own interest, is a form of self-directed learning that taps the student’s sense of curiosity about the problem and concern for the patient. Knowledge is acquired in a case-centered manner. All evaluations to be done through case-based discussions. The textbooks in each subject are to be treated as knowledge repositories for choosing the topics that need to be learnt. The ‘self-directed spontaneous learning’ ensures creativity in approach to problems, optimum utilization of one’s time and avoids stress. The student’s connection with his or her own ‘inner self’ is crucial for a focused and creative mind; therefore, its cultivation through the process of meditation is important. Empathy-based medical education-EBME facilitates the training of doctors who are competent as well as empathetic. Keeping the subjective aspect of education as the base while acquiring the objective aspect, leads to balance between competence and empathy.
La evolución de una revista de investigación
Authors: Timbe Castro Edison
Published: January 2024

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