bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electric Arc Deposition of an Anticorrosive Layer with Two Strip Electrodes
Authors: Ivanov Vitaliy , Makarenko Natalia A. , Lavrova Elena , Ahieieva Marina V.
Published: May 2020

A two-strip electrodes surfacing with controlled transfer of electrode metal is proposed for applying an anti-corrosion layer to the surface of the base metal with a variable angle to the horizon. To prevent the formation of defects in the formation of the deposited layer, it is proposed to adjust the parameters of the surfacing mode in places where the angle of inclination of the surface changes.
Analysis of Thermal Processes during Friction Stir Welding of Metals
Authors: Maystrenko A. , Nesterenkov V. , Dutka V. , Lukash V. , Zabolotny S.
Published: May 2020

Developed was a computer model of temperature field in the tool and parts in the process of their friction stir welding (FSW). Modeling of the temperature field was carried out for both successive stages of welding process, i.e. plunging of pin of tool working element into the part (1st stage) and progressive motion of plunged pin in the part (2nd stage). The mathematical model represents a nonlinear equation of transient heat conduction, which takes into account progressive pin movement during the 2nd stage of welding. Two constituents describe the heat sources, appearing in welding. The first one considers power of heat sources, caused by friction of the tool with the parts on contact surfaces, the second one takes into account heat generation, promoted by mechanical deformation of the part material. Mathematical modeling and experimental examination of temperature field were carried out for tool from cubic boron nitride (cubonit) and hard alloy in copper parts during FSW. Adequacy of the developed model was determined based on correlation of numerical and experimental results.
Prostate-specific antigen velocity in diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer - a systematic review
Authors: Javaeed Arslaan , Ghauri Sanniya Khan , Ibrahim Abdellatif , Doheim Mohamed Fahmy
Published: May 2020

Prostate-specific antigen velocity (PSAV) is widely used to detect PC and predict its progression. In this study, we qualitatively synthesized the currently available evidence from published studies regarding the PSAV role in PC. Electronic databases were searched to find relevant articles published until January 2019. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify related papers. Eventually, data extraction followed by evidence synthesis was conducted. Full-text screening resulted in 42 included studies. Multiple definitions and intervals were used for PSAV calculation across studies. Results from the included studies were conflicting regarding the role of PSAV in detecting PC and predicting progression in active surveillance cases. However, there is evidence that PSAV may have a predictive role in post-treated men. There is no clear-cut evidence from the published literature to support the use of PSAV in clinical practice.
Concept Analysis of Social Support of Nursing Students Using a Hybrid Model
Authors: Choi Miae , Park Sunghee
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of social support of nursing students using a hybrid model and to derive a definition and attributes of social support through theoretical, fieldwork, and final analysis stages. Methods: Twenty-nine studies were analyzed in the theoretical stage. Seventeen in-depth interviews were conducted with nursing students in the fieldwork stage. In the final analysis stage, the concept of social support was defined and the attributes were derived by integrating the theoretical and fieldwork stages. Results: The attributes of social support of nursing students identified in the final analysis consisted of two dimensions and eight attributes. The two dimensions were structural and functional support. The eight attributes were social network, educational, emotional, informational, economic, positive evaluation, self-esteem support, and support by providing a role model provision. The structural dimension included the social network support attribute. The functional dimension included the remaining seven attributes. Educational support and support by providing of a role model provision were newly derived attributes that reflected specific characteristics of nursing students. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we suggest that researchers should attempt to develop a scale to measure the social support of nursing students.
An Integrative Literature Review on Pain Alleviation Interventions for Hospitalized Children
Authors: Cho Haeryun , Lee Jungmin , Kim Shin-Jeong
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review pain alleviation intervention for Korean pediatric inpatients with reference to Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort. Methods: Whittemore and Knafl’s integrative review methods were used. Articles published in Korean or English were identified through electronic search engines and scholarly web sites. Scientific, peer-reviewed articles published between 2006 and 2019 were included in this review. Twenty-seven articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Results: Among the 27 selected studies, three were descriptive, while 24 were interventional studies related to pain alleviation interventions. Pain alleviation interventions showed three attributes: identifying pain triggers and the child’s response to pain, effective strategies for pain relief, and nurses’ competence in pain management. Conclusion: The three attributes of pain alleviation interventions using the theory of comfort shown in this study were identified as important factors for obtaining evidence-based data on how to enhance the comfort of hospitalized pediatric patients. In addition, the attributes of pain alleviation interventions should be considered for hospitalized pediatric patients and their family members.
PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA EM INTELIGÊNCIA LINGUÍSTICA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A APRENDIZAGEM DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Santos Cleuza Leite de Oliveira , De Araújo Filho Arnaldo Ferreira
Published: May 2020

O uso de diferentes práticas pedagógicas é essencial para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem do aluno, uma vez que, no contexto atual, as escolas têm alunos com diferentes inteligências. Nesta perspectiva, o presente artigo procura relacionar os aspectos das práticas pedagógicas e às diferentes aprendizagens que são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento cognitivo de alunos. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever as práticas pedagógicas Professores de português que trabalham no ensino fundamental e médio da escola sob estude. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, a metodologia adotada foi a modelo descritivo, baseado na obtenção dos resultados, foi realizada uma entrevista com os professores da língua portuguesa. No entanto, podemos concluir que todos os entrevistados fazem seus alunos se tornam protagonistas de seus estudos. No entanto, observou-se que alguns professores o uso de técnicas tradicionais apropriadas e outras mais inovadoras.

Referências

CAGLIARI, L. C. Alfabetização & Linguística. São Paulo: Scipione, 2009.

CAMPBELL, L.; CAMPBELL, B.; DICKSON, D. Ensino e Aprendizagem por Meio das Inteligências Múltiplas. Porto Alegre: ArtMed, 2000.

CARABETTA JÚNIOR, V. Rever, Pensar e (Re)significar: a Importância da Reflexão sobre a Prática na Profissão Docente. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, v. 34, n. 4, 2010. Disponível em: .

FREIRE, P. A Educação na cidade. São Paulo: Cortez, 1991.

GARDNER, H. Inteligências Multiplas: A teoria na prática. Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas, 1995.

GOMES, M. L. C. Metodologia do ensino de Língua Portuguesa. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2009.

MARCUSCHI, L. Produção Textual, Análise de Gêneros e compreensão. São Paulo: Parabola Editorial, 2008.

SAMPIERÍ, R. H.; COLLADO, C. F.; LUCIO, P. B. Metodología de la investigación. 4. ed. Mexico: MC Graw Hill, 2006.
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WORK: THE FIRST FOR CHAPTERS OF THE ANATOMY OF THE STATE
Authors: Rapôso Cláudio Filipe Lima
Published: May 2020

The Anatomy of the State, Rothbard (2018), American economist and had his article published by the Mises Institute in 2012. Translated and adapted into Brazilian Portuguese by Leandro Augusto Gomes Roque & Fernando Fiori Chiocca. The book is structured in 7 chapters totaling 50 pages. The book is an abstract and illustrative reading of a typical “anatomical” and “physiological” organizational of the state. In order to carry out this work, a survey of the staked work was carried out. The methodology followed the Raposo (2019) process as a basis. Brito e Cunha (2015) apud Bardin (2009). n each page exposes arguments and substantiates its ideals in an expository way to criticize the roots of pro-state thinking. The book exposes the empirical and well-known argument in which it states that the state "is us", that "we are the government". It is generally an efficient form of wealth production, as it requires little effort, even though it is parasitic. Refuting the concept of collectivity of the State. This excerpt concludes by stating that the State is eminently authoritarian, and in its essence corresponds to the sum of the political forces of wealth production, while the private ones, yes, are characterized by the use of the economic means of wealth production.

 

Bibliographic References

 

BARDIN L. Análise de conteúdo. Portugal: Edições 70; 2009.

BRITO e CUNHA R. B, GOMES R. Young male homosexuals and their health:a systematic review. Interface (Botucatu). 2015; 19(52):57-70.5–148, 2015.

RAPÔSO, C. F. L .et al. LGPD-LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS EM TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO: Revisão Sistemática. RACE-Revista da Administração, v. 4, p. 58-67, 2019

ROTHBARD, Murray N. Anatomia do estado. LVM Editora, 2018.
A LOGÍSTICA REVERSA E A RESPONSABILIDADE EMPRESARIAL COM O MEIO AMBIENTE
Authors: Andrade Júnior Gilberto Cordeiro de , Rapôso Cláudio Filipe Lima
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo teve como principal objetivo entender a evolução da logística empresarial e da logística reversa. Neste trabalho foi de forma sintetizada, examinada um pouco da história da logística empresarial e sua crescente evolução como parte da estratégia empresarial, principalmente a partir da Segunda Guerra Mundial. A logística reversa também tem evoluído em suas atividades, com a crescente variedade e quantidades de produtos dirigidos ao mercado nas últimas décadas, que exigem o equacionamento de seu retorno, antes ou após seu consumo. Também foi abordada a cultura ambientalista voltada para as ideias de reduzir, reusar e reciclar (os denominados 3R), que se contrapõe à cultura do consumo, com o lema, comprar, consumir e dispor. Essa contraposição de culturas é consubstanciada por críticas ambientalistas a cultura do consumo que até o momento predominam na sociedade me geral. Para elaboração e desenvolvimento do trabalho, foram pesquisadas diversas fontes bibliográficas, dentre as quais livros, revistas e a legislação ambiental, que foram de imprescindível importância para concretizar os objetivos propostos.

Referências

ANSOFF, H. I. Implantando a administração estratégica. São Paulo: Atlas, 1993

BALLOU, R. H. Logística empresarial. São Paulo: Atlas, 1992

BRITO, E.Z. Determinantes da estruturação dos canais reversos: o papel  dos ganhos econômicos e de imagem corporativos. Brasília: Congresso Enanpad, 2005

CAIRNCROSS, F. Meio ambiente: custos e benefícios. São Paulo: Nobel, 1992

CALDERONI, S. Os bilhões perdidos no lixo. São Paulo: Humanitas, 1998

CHEHEBE, J. R. “Análise do ciclo de vida de produtos”. Revista Metalurgia e materiais

CHRISTOPHER, M. Logística e gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos. São Paulo: Pioneiro, 1997

DONAIRE, D. Gestão ambiental na empresa. São Paulo: Atlas, 2000

DORNIER, P. Logística e operações globais. São Paulo: Atlas, 2000

KOTLER, P. Administração de marketing. São Paulo Atlas, 1996

LEITE, P. R. Canais de distribuição reversos: a coleta domiciliar do lixo. Revista Tecnologística. São Paulo, abr, 1998

_______. Logística “reversa- nova área da logística empresarial (1ª parte)”. Revista tecnologística, São Paulo, maio de 2002

______. Da logística empresarial a logística reversa. Revista Banas Qualidade, n° 169, 2006

______. Meio ambiente e competitividade. São Paulo: Prentice Hall, 2009

SILVA, José Afonso da. Direito ambiental constitucional. São Paulo: Malheiros, 1997
Book review: Learning Factories: The Nordic Model of Manufacturing
Authors: Ennals Richard
Published: May 2020

Halvor Holtskog, Elias G. Carayannis, Aris Kaloudis and Geir RingenPalgrave Studies in Democracy, Innovation and Entrepreneurship for GrowthPalgrave Macmillan, Switzerland 2018ISBN 978-3-319-41886-5
Using STSD for understanding the implementation of automation in organisations
Authors: Landmark Andreas D , Kamsvaag Pål Furu , Andersen Thale K
Published: May 2020

Workplace automation is a highly studied process. In contrast, the implementation phase – critical for innovation success – where conflicts and misalignments between new technology and various organisational levels and phenomena arise, is less described. In this study, we have followed the introduction of automated guided vehicles in a warehouse/distribution centre aimed at increasing efficiency of operations and thus productivity. Building on socio-technical systems design and the job-demands-resources-model, and theories on technology implementation related to the organisations' ability to handle interferences explained in the language of misalignments and alignments, the study describes using qualitative methodology how system-internal variation becomes “enemy” of the AGV introduction; the automation itself cannot succeed without rebalancing the control capacity of the tasks it is augmenting or replacing. The paper also proposes that existing theories used to explain the success or failure of technology implementation are inadequate as they don't take in the complexity of the complete context but address single level phenomena independently of other relevant levels and phenomena.
Quality Beyond Borders
Authors: Ennals Richard
Published: May 2020

Review of "Quality Beyond Borders: Dantotsu, or How to Achieve Best in Business", by David Hutchins, London, Routledge 2019.  ISBN 978 1 138 56510 4.
Dynamic capabilities: Their effect on performance mediated by product integration in the highly acquisitive software industry
Authors: Parker Pauline , Davis Kate
Published: May 2020

Building on behavioural theory employing dynamic capabilities, this paper examines how firms create competitive advantage through innovation over time after multiple mergers and acquisitions. Mergers and acquisitions are a way to acquire gaps and prominently missing features and functions; the firm then has only to assimilate them into their portfolio. This research is focused on the acquirer’s ability towards obtaining performance from product integration and is set within the context of highly acquisitive software-houses; those organisations involved in the sales and manufacture of business software products. The ability to realign and innovate this will increase performance over the long term.
A New Measure of Workplace Innovation
Authors: Kibowski Fraenze , Baguley Tom , Totterdill Peter , Karanika-Murray Maria
Published: May 2020

Despite the popularity of Workplace Innovation (WI) and its demonstrable utility for supporting both organizational productivity and employee well-being, there is at present no reliable and valid measure of WI practices for use in research and workplace settings. The aim of this paper is to present the development of a measure of WI climate.The study involved 855 individuals across all levels of three organizations, and a survey of WI practices that was based on four underlying elements: jobs and teams; organizational structures, management and procedures; employee-driven improvement and innovation; and co-created leadership and employee voice.The original list of items was developed in consultation with employers and practitioners. WI was assessed as climate perceptions. A series of analyses were undertaken on the measure, demonstrating good psychometric properties, including consistency of the factor structure, internal reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity. Support for reliability and validity of the new 19-item measure with four elements is presented. Employees who experienced the four elements of WI climate more positively also enjoyed greater work engagement and job satisfaction, outlining criterion validity of the new measure. The availability of a rigorous and reliable measure of WI climate offers a tool for practitioners and researchers tasked with communicating and promoting WI in diverse workplace settings and with diverse groups of stakeholders. We hope that this new measure of WI will stimulate further research on the role of WI in promoting healthy and productive workplaces.Keywords: workplace innovation; measurement validation; work engagement; job satisfaction
Editorial
Authors: Garmann Johnsen Hans Christian , Ennals Richard
Published: May 2020

Editorial for EJWI General Issue 5.1.
"En helt anden måde at skrive på" Et studie i skriftlighed i projektarbejde med tysk som fremmedsprog
Authors: Jakobsen Karen Sonne
Published: May 2020

Artiklen præsenterer et studie i skriftlighed i et tværfagligt projektarbejde i et dansk gymnasium med fagene tysk og historie. Fokus er på hvordan eleverne arbejder med skriftlighed: Hvad bruger eleverne skriftlighed til i projektarbejdet? Hvilke aspekter af sprog, tekst og skriveproces arbejder de med? Hvilken betydning tillægger de skrivning på fremmedsproget i deres læring og selvopfattelse som brugere af et fremmedsprog? Studiet bygger på sociokulturel teori med henblik literacy, tekstkompetence og identitetsaspekter af sproglæring. Metodisk er studiet anlagt som en kombination af en etnografisk og en tekstanalytisk tilgang; heri indgår en analyse af elevers samarbejde om at skrive et tysksproget abstract. Til slut diskuteres hvordan projektarbejde med fremmedsprog kan bidrage til at udvikle elevers studieforberedende skrivekompetencer.Studiet er et delprojekt under forskningsprojektet Faglighed og Skriftlighed, finansieret af det danske forskningsråd for humaniora, FKK (2011-2014). Projektet er et samarbejde mellem forskere ved Syddansk Universitet, Aarhus Universitet og Roskilde Universitet www.sdu.dk/fos
Facebook Goes to College; Recent Research on Educational Uses of Social Networks
Authors: Erdmann Susan
Published: May 2020

The number of courses offered partially or entirely online continues to grow, offering students many different ways to access academic content.  Educational institutions largely use course management systems to deliver academic content, collect assignments and conduct discussions.  Traditional CMS systems, however, are often underutilized and almost always require login protocols tied to students’ institutional email accounts.   The ubiquity of the social networking site Facebook, demonstrates that students are willing to use online environments to exchange information and, naturally, many academics have been eager to use the networking site in their classes.  The following essay examines some of these attempts in order to gain a clearer picture of some of the advantages and pitfalls of using Facebook as a CMS.
Extensive Reading: Resources and Strategies for Intermediate and Advanced Learners of Norwegian
Authors: Duggan Jennifer , Krulatz Anna
Published: May 2020

Research has demonstrated the value of extensive reading to second language acquisition. However, reading in a second language classroom, in particular when access to reading materials is limited, is often restricted to passages available in the textbook. Therefore, teachers play an important role in promoting reading through creating classroom libraries, providing suggestions, including in-class reading activities, and talking to students about the role of reading in language development. Aiming to empower teachers of Norwegian to stock their libraries with varied reading materials and use those materials in their classrooms, this paper gives an overview of some available sources that can be used with intermediate (B1–B2) and advanced (C1–C2) learners as well as methods for including extensive reading in the classroom. Following a brief overview of the theoretical background on extensive reading, the paper explains how the discussed materials can be used to promote extensive reading in a second language both in the classroom and at home, including the use of specific strategies and activities such as free voluntary reading, sustained silent reading, book flood, literature circles, and book battles.
“Too much grammar will kill you!” Teaching Spanish as a foreign language in Norway: What teachers say about grammar teaching
Authors: Askland Sigrunn
Published: May 2020

Exam results show that many Norwegian students lack communicative competence in their second foreign language. This study investigates Spanish language instruction in Norway, in particular Spanish teachers’ opinions about grammar teaching, and why and how grammar is taught in lower and upper secondary school. Furthermore, the study explores whether common grammar teaching approaches are primarily explicit (rules provided) or implicit (rules not provided), inductive (language first) or deductive (rules first), and whether the language of instruction is primarily Norwegian or Spanish. The data comprise interviews with teachers and classroom observations, as well as teaching plans and other material. The analyses of the interviews and the observations show that the teachers think that grammar instruction is an important part of foreign language instruction, and they seem to prefer an explicit, deductive approach. The language of grammar instruction is predominantly Norwegian, independent of the teacher’s native language. Based on the findings, I conclude that teachers may consider introducing more inductive approaches to grammar instruction, as well as providing students with more target language (TL) input and opportunities for communication in the TL.
Input vs. intake in formative assessment and explicit grammar teaching Do the students understand what we are talking about?
Authors: Garshol Lenka
Published: May 2020

The relevance of explicit grammar instruction in foreign language classrooms has been discussed widely in the past, but there is no consensus regarding what is the best approach or how much time should be spent on explicit grammar teaching. This paper presents the results of three studies which focus on students’ knowledge of explicit grammar, their understanding of metalinguistic terminology, and their ability to correct agreement errors in their texts as a response to formative assessment. In the first study, the effect of different types of formative feedback on the improvement in agreement marking accuracy was tested. As there were no statistically significant differences found, two follow-up case studies were conducted to test the possible causes of the observed lack of effect. The first of the case studies tested the effect of formative assessment in a process writing task, but there was only limited effect found. The second case study focused on testing explicit grammar knowledge and understanding of metalinguistic terminology in an inverted classroom setting. The results suggested that the understanding of metalinguistic terminology was rather low, and the knowledge of explicit grammar was varying. The students found the task difficult. The Norwegian English language curriculum gives the teachers freedom to choose their methods and only sets requirements for the results of the students. These three studies show that there is a need for a discussion of the relevance, methods, and extent of explicit grammar teaching and the use of metalinguistic terminology in formative assessment in English language classrooms in Norway.
Das Inszenieren von authentischen Dramentexten im Fremdsprachenunterricht Deutsch der Oberstufe. Eine drama- und theaterpädagogische Projektarbeit für die erste Klasse einer weiterführenden norwegischen Sportschule anhand von dramatischen Tierfabeln
Authors: Pares Marta
Published: May 2020

Zwei theoretische Bausteine bilden den Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit : Einerseits bieten authentische Dramentexte bzw. dramatische Tierfabeln eine gute didaktische Ergänzung zu den norwegischen Lehrbüchern für Deutsch (Niveau II) an wie etwa Gedichte oder Prosatexte. Andererseits leisten drama- und theaterpädagogische Ansätze im Fremdsprachenunterricht Deutsch (FSU) einen Beitrag sowohl zur Förderung allgemeiner Grundfertigkeiten als auch zum Erreichen überfachlicher Lernziele. Als Beispiel für einen theaterorientierten FSU im Fach Deutsch in der norwegischen Oberstufe wird eine sechswöchige drama- und theaterpädagogische Projektarbeit für die erste Klasse einer weiterführenden Sportschule anhand von fünf dramatischen Tierfabeln präsentiert. Zur empirischen Überprüfung der theoretischen Annahmen dieses Theaterprojekts werden drei Audioaufnahmen und ein Follow-up-Schüler-Fragebogen als Datenerhebungs- und Auswertungsmethode ausgewählt und deren inhaltliche Ergebnisse dargestellt, analysiert und ausgewertet. Abschließend werden zwei Desiderate für künftige Forschungsfelder beleuchtet.
Ordinnlæringsstrategier i tysklærebøker
Authors: Øye Johan
Published: May 2020

Dette bidraget undersøker ordinnlæringsøvelser i to lærebøker i tysk som fremmedspråk på nivå 1 på videregående skole. Utgangspunktet for undersøkelsen er vektleggingen av kommunikasjon og språklæringsstrategier i Læreplan i fremmedspråk i LK06. Ordinnlæringsøvelsene blir kategorisert og analysert ut i fra hvilke læringsstrategier de representerer. Kategoriene som blir brukt er kognitive og metakognitive læringsstrategier med underkategorier. Bidraget konkluderer med at det er lite fokus på ordinnlæringsstrategier i lærebøkene som blir undersøkt. I oppgavene som eksplisitt handler om å lære nye ord blir eleven ofte bedt om å øve, repetere eller lære inn ordene før de skal tas i bruk i en skriftlig eller muntlig øvelse. Det blir imidlertid ikke presentert noen strategier for ordinnlæringen. Mangelen på oppgaver som representerer visualisering, assosiering og strukturering bekrefter dette inntrykket. En av lærebøkene inneholder en undersøkelse som skal hjelpe elevene å finne ut hvordan de liker å lære. Dette kunne ha vært fulgt opp i større grad når det gjelder ordinnlæring.Denne teksten er en bearbeidet versjon av en undersøkelse som ble utført innenfor rammene av studiet PPU med fagdidaktikk i tysk ved Universitetet i Agder.
Los migrantes noruegos en Alicante ¿hablan español?
Authors: Cardozo Ann Elisabeth Laksfoss
Published: May 2020

De siste 50 årene har tusenvis av nordmenn kjøpt bolig i Spania. De fleste sesongmigrerer mens noen få migrerer. Her analyseres noen sosiolingvistiske aspekter av kulturelle møter mellom nordmenn og spanjoler på 1970-tallet. Jeg fokuserer på hvordan språk ble til kulturell kapital der, hvilke språk nordmenn snakket der, og hvilke utfordringer norske organisasjoner og institusjoner møtte i Alicante. Teksten bygger på deler av min avhandling om transnasjonale norske migranter i Alicante (1965-2015).
Musikalske praksiser i sosiale mellomrom
Authors: Fagerheim Paal
Published: May 2020

This article examines the concept of relational aesthetics, starting with Nicolas Bourriaud's discussion related to art theory. It discusses the concept in relation to music as experiencebased action, where familiar issues between high and low and between art and popular culture are affected. The article emphasizes the "music" as an active social space, characterized by ritualized practices that are active in human life, ways of being-in-the world, and alternative and experimental reality categories.
Celebrating 100 Years of Musical Outreach in Scandinavia
Authors: Valberg Tony
Published: May 2020

This article outlines the significant, but less investigated historical development of musical outreach; the professional symphony orchestras effort to introduce classical music to new audiences, especially children and adolescents. Many Norwegian symphony orchestras have held public concerts for 100 years and throughout this period they have set up strategic objectives regarding outreach. Through a series of musical examples from various concerts targeting new audiences, the article draws a historical overview of the different concepts of concerts that have developed from the early 1900s till today. In order to better understand the uniqueness of these concerts, and enable us to appreciate the special experiences they offer, the article provides contributions to a terminology that can make us better able to assess and discuss these concerts on premises that is their own, and not rashly handed down from hegemonic notions of the classical concert experience. Keywords: Outreach, childrens concerts, school concerts, new audiences, 1B1, Kristiansand Symphony Orchestra.Affiliation: University of Agder, Faculty of Fine Arts
Ground-based FTIR O3 retrievals from the 3040 cm−1 spectral
range at Xianghe, China
Authors: Zhou Minqiang , Wang Pucai , Langerock Bavo , Vigouroux Corinne , Hermans Christian , Kumps Nicolas , Wang Ting , Yang Yang , Ji Denghui , Ran Liang , Zhang Jinqiang , Xuan Yuejian , Chen Hongbin , Posny Françoise , Duflot Valentin , Metzger Jean-Marc , De Mazière Martine
Published: May 2020

Abstract. In this study, we present O3 retrievals from ground-based Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) solar absorption measurements between June 2018 and December 2019 at Xianghe, China (39.75° N, 116.96° E). The FTIR spectrometer at Xianghe is operated with indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) and indium antimonide (InSb) detectors, recording the spectra between 1800 and 11000 cm−1. As the harmonized FTIR O3 retrieval strategy (Vigouroux et al., 2015) within the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) uses the 1000 cm−1 spectral range, we designed an alternative O3 retrieval strategy in the 3040 cm−1 spectral range at Xianghe. The retrieved O3 profile is mainly sensitive to the vertical range between 5 and 40 km, and the degree of freedom for signal is 2.4 ± 0.3 (1σ), indicating that there are two individual pieces of information in partial columns between the surface and 20 km and between 20 and 40 km. According to the optimal estimation method, the systematic and random uncertainties of the FTIR O3 total columns are about 13.6 % and 1.4 %, respectively. The random uncertainty is consistent with the observed daily standard deviation of the FTIR retrievals. To validate the FTIR O3 total and partial columns, we apply the same O3 retrieval strategy at Maïdo, Reunion Island (21.08° N, 55.38° E). The FTIR O3 (3040 cm−1) measurements at Xianghe and Maïdo are then compared with the nearby ozonesondes at Beijing (39.81° N, 116.47° E) and at Gillot (20.89° S, 55.53° E), respectively, as well as with co-located TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite measurements at both sites. In addition, at Maïdo, we compare the FTIR O3 (3040 cm−1) retrievals with the standard NDACC FTIR O3 measurements using the 1000 cm−1 spectral range. It is found that the total columns retrieved from the FTIR O3 3040 cm−1 measurements are underestimated by 5.5–9.0 %, which is mainly due to the systematic uncertainty in the partial column between 20 and 40 km (about −10.4 %). The systematic uncertainty in the partial column between surface and 20 km is relatively small (within 2.4 %). By comparison with other measurements, it is found that the FTIR O3 (3040 cm−1) retrievals capture very well the seasonal and synoptic variations of the O3 total and two partial columns. Therefore, the ongoing FTIR measurements at Xianghe can provide useful information on the O3 variations and (in the future) long-term trends.
A quasi-experimental coastal region eddy diffusivity applied in the APUGRID model
Authors: Maldaner Silvana , Stefanello Michel , Martins Luis Gustavo N. , Degrazia Gervásio Annes , Rizza Umberto , Roberti Débora Regina , Puhales Franciano S. , Acevedo Otávio C.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. In this study, Taylor statistical diffusion theory and sonic anemometer measurements collected at 11 levels on a 140 m high tower located in a coastal region in southeastern Brazil have been employed to obtain quasi-empirical convective eddy diffusivity parameterizations in a planetary boundary layer (PBL). The derived algebraic formulations expressing the eddy diffusivities were introduced into an Eulerian dispersion model and validated with Copenhagen tracer experiments. The employed Eulerian model is based on the numerical solution of the diffusion–advection equation by the fractional step/locally one-dimensional (LOD) methods. Moreover, the semi-Lagrangian cubic-spline technique and Crank–Nicolson implicit scheme are considered to solve the advection and diffusive terms. The numerical simulation results indicate that the new approach, based on these quasi-experimental eddy diffusivities, is able to reproduce the Copenhagen concentration data. Therefore, the new turbulent dispersion parameterization can be applied in air pollution models.
An integrated compilation of data sources for the development of a marine protected area in the Weddell Sea
Authors: Teschke Katharina , Pehlke Hendrik , Siegel Volker , Bornemann Horst , Knust Rainer , Brey Thomas
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The Southern Ocean may contribute a considerable amount to the
proposed global network of marine protected areas (MPAs) that should cover
about 10 % of the world's oceans in 2020. In the Antarctic, the Commission
for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is
responsible for this task, and currently Germany leads a corresponding
scientific evaluation of the wider Weddell Sea region. Compared to other
marine regions within the Southern Ocean, the Weddell Sea is exceptionally
well investigated. A tremendous amount of data and information has been
produced over the last 4 decades. Here, we give a systematic overview of
all data sources collected in the context of the Weddell Sea MPA planning
process. The compilation of data sources is comprised of data produced by
scientists and institutions from more than 20 countries that were either
available within our institutes, downloaded via data portals or transcribed
from the literature. It is the first compilation for this area that includes
abiotic data, such as bathymetry and sea ice, and ecological data from
zooplankton, zoobenthos, fish, birds and marine mammals. All data layer
products based on this huge compilation of environmental and ecological data
are available from the data publisher PANGAEA via the six persistent
identifiers at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899595 (Pehlke and Teschke,
2019), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899667 (Teschke et al., 2019a),
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899645 (Teschke et al., 2019b),
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899591 (Teschke et al., 2019c),
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899520 (Pehlke et al., 2019a) and
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899619 (Pehlke et al., 2019b). This
compilation of data sources including the final data layer products will serve
future research and monitoring well beyond the current MPA development
process.
Seasonal Variation of Volatile Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Released from Different Sources in South Cairo
Authors: Zahran Ashraf A. , Howaihe Mahmoud A. , Ragab Mostafa H. , Eldeen Mahmoud M. Nour
Published: May 2020

Based on a year-round data-set (from January to November 2014), an intensive air sampling program was conducted during 2014 in four different function sites in South El-Tabbin city to study the temporally and spatially characteristics of Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the gaseous and particulate phases. This area is considered as one of the most polluted areas in Egypt as it includes heavy industrial plants, as well as it is bounded by heavy traffic. A total of 48 atmospheric samples were collected by a high-volume active air sampler. The gaseous and particulate phases of PAHs were extracted and analyzed using Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry together. The total concentrations of the sixteen PAHs (which tagged the United States Environmental Protection Agency priority) in the air of the study area ranged from 76.48 ± 19.44 µg/m3 to 26995.86 ± 2835.91 µg/m3. The average PAHs concentration in the coke production site was ~ 355 times of that in the residential area site. For the whole study area; 4, 5, and 6 rings PAHs were dominant and accounting for ~66% – ~84%. The total concentrations of combustion derived PAHs were ranged from 63.24 ± 17.35 µg/m3 to 17546.97 ± 1848.55 µg/m3 covering 65% − 83% of total PAHs which indicating large amounts of combustion sources existed from them in South El-Tabbin city. Seasonal trends of PAHs concentrations were observed with a high concentration in winter and low in summer where the average concentration of PAHs in winter was ~1.6 times higher than that in summer.
New Factors for Protoplast-Callose-Fiber Formation in Salt-Tolerant Mangrove Plants, Avicennia alba and Bruguiera sexangula and Analysis of Fiber Substructures
Authors: Kurita-Tashiro Asami , Hayashi Noriko , Oyanagi Tomoya , Sasamoto Hamako
Published: May 2020

Elongated and spiral β-1,3-glucan (callose) fibers were obtained by new factors from protoplasts cultured in liquid medium from suspension cultured cells of two salt-tolerant mangrove species; Avicennia alba and Bruguiera sexangula. Differences in salt factor for protoplast-fiber formation were compared with those of the callose fibers developed from protoplasts of non-mangrove tree plants, Larix leptolepis and Betula platyphylla, which high concentrations of divalent cations, Mg2+ (50 mM) or Ca2+ (100 mM), were stimulatory. In the halophilic A. alba protoplasts, whose cell division was stimulated by up to 400 mM NaCl, addition of Mg2+, Ca2+, K+ ions inhibited protoplast-fiber formation. In B. sexangula, protoplast-fibers were rapidly and efficiently formed only by another new factor, electric cell fusion treatment of protoplasts. Spiral fibers developed from mangrove protoplasts were detected under an inverted microscope, and their specific blue-green color for callose after staining with Aniline Blue dye was detected under a fluorescence microscope. Enzymatic certification of callose was further performed with laminarinase, specific for callose, in comparison with cellulase CBH1, specific for cellulose. Differences in sub-structures, fibrils and sub-fibrils of two mangrove protoplast-fibers were analyzed using laser confocal scanning microscopy, atomic force microscopy and image J analysis. Tube-like fine structure was observed using transmission electron microscopy in single protoplast-fiber of B. sexangula selected with a micromanipulator.
Immunosuppression and Viral Infections
Authors: Naik Seema , Rakszawski Kevin , Cioccio Joseph , Zheng Hong , Shike Hiroko
Published: May 2020

Immunosuppression is commonly used for prevention of graft rejection in solid organ transplantation (SOT) and prevention of graft versus host disease in hematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT). In ASCT, immunosuppression is used to control GVHD and can be tapered off within 6–12 months after transplantation. SOT recipients require lifelong immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection, making them susceptible to serious viral infections including EBV PTLD. EBV PTLD occurs within the first 6 months following ASCT prior to effective reconstitution of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Our understanding on EBV-related PTLD is mostly extrapolated from SOT-associated PTLD. Features of conditioning and use of serotherapy remain important in development of EBV PTLD. Other viral infections that occur early post-transplant include CMV, HHV6, BK, and adenovirus, and usually correspond to degree of immunosuppression post-transplant. These infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the current literature lacks information on outcomes of viral infections related to immunosuppression. Alternative donor ASCT are now more common, and patients are more susceptible to multiple viral infectious complications at the peak of immunosuppression and require monitoring for viral infections in these immunosuppressed patients.
Reconfigurable Minimum-Time Autonomous Marine Vehicle Guidance in Variable Sea Currents
Authors: Kim Kangsoo
Published: May 2020

In this chapter, we present an approach of reconfigurable minimum-time guidance of autonomous marine vehicles moving in variable sea currents. Our approach aims at suboptimality in the minimum-time travel between two points within a sea area, compensating for environmental uncertainties. Real-time reactive revisions of ongoing guidance followed by tracking controls are the key features of our reconfigurable approach. By its reconfigurable nature, our approach achieves suboptimality rather than optimality. As the basic tool for achieving minimum-time travel, a globally working numerical procedure deriving the solution of an optimal heading guidance law is presented. The developed solution procedure derives optimal reference headings that achieve minimum-time travel of a marine vehicle in any deterministic sea currents including uncertainties, whether stationary or time varying. Pursuing suboptimality, our approach is robust to environmental uncertainties compared to others seeking rigorous optimality. As well as minimizes the traveling time, our suboptimal approach works as a fail-safe or fault-tolerable strategy for its optimal counterpart, under the condition of environmental uncertainties. The efficacy of our approach is validated by simulated vehicle routings in variable sea currents.
Alternatives to Serve the Interests of Russian Pensioners
Authors: Ivanovna Kulikova Elena
Published: May 2020

The results of the analysis of statistical data on the Russian labor market, employment and wages, as well as the specific features of the Russian pension system, provide the basis for several important conclusions. Firstly, the living standards of the majority of Russian pensioners do not meet their needs as the Russian pension system is focused on the achievement of minimum living standards. Secondly, the regulation on the functioning of the pension system established by Russian legislation is often violated by the regulators without coordination with economic entities and citizens, participants of the pension system, which prevents future pensioners from feeling protected upon retirement. For this reason, citizens of the retirement age do not seek to retire even when they reach the retirement age. The growth rate of working pensioners (who pay taxes, including insurance deductions to the Pension Fund of Russia and private pension funds) confirms this. Thirdly, there is a need to create a socially-comfortable environment for pensioners, to counteract the psychological problems of older people their sense of “uselessness” to society. The article proposes practical measures to mitigate the negative phenomena in the pension provision of Russian citizens.
Emerging Role of Nuclear Medicine in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Nazerani Tina , Kalmar Peter , M. Aigner Reingard
Published: May 2020

During the past several years, nuclear medicine has emerged as one of the most useful imaging studies in oral and maxillofacial surgery, not only in diagnosis and staging but also in the management plan and follow-up protocols of many cancer or inflammatory diseases. Nuclear medicine has in addition a special place in treating several benign and malignant diseases. The practicing maxillofacial surgeon’s knowledge of nuclear medicine capabilities and advantages and disadvantages of each modality is crucial in his or her daily work. The purpose of this chapter is to clarify the important role of nuclear medicine in diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial region pathologies as well as its indications and limitations in the daily practice of the oral and maxillofacial surgeon.
The Role of Impulsivity, Attentional bias and Decision-Making Styles in Risky Driving Behaviors
Authors: Barati Fatemeh , Pourshahbaz Abbas , Nosratabadi Masoud , Mohammadi Zahra
Published: May 2020

Background: Road accidents are a major cause of deaths, injuries, and financial losses globally, especially in developing countries. Iran is one of the countries with a high rate of road accidents causing considerable damage in different domains. Therefore, in order to tackle this problem, we need to examine its causes. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the association of risky driving behavior with impulsiveness, attentional bias, and decision-making styles. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study. The sample included 117 male drivers, aged 20 - 34 years, attending car insurance agencies in Tehran. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data were gathered using the Manchester Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), the Decision-Making Style Scale (DMS), and the Dot Probe Task to assess attentional bias. All data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis, by using SPSS, version 22. Results: According to the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient, risky driving behavior was significantly correlated with impulsiveness subscales (P < 0.01) and attentional bias (P < 0.05). In addition, significant relationships were observed between risky driving behaviors and three decision-making styles, including rational (P < 0.05), spontaneous (P < 0.01), and avoidant (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Based on the study results, impulsivity, decision-making styles, and attentional bias as factors influencing drivers’ cognitive skills related to driving, could explain the increase in the frequency of risky driving behavior.
Sleep Debt Is Not Associated with Mental Health Among School-Age Adolescents: The Gravity of Short Sleep
Authors: Ro Seongmin , Lee Jungmin , Hwang In Cheol
Published: May 2020

Background: Previous research on sleep debt has neglected considering sleep duration on weekdays as a contributing factor. Objectives: This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between sleep debt and mental health in school-age adolescents, taking weekday sleep deficits under consideration. Methods: We identified 1,392 students who had provided data on sleep duration from the 2016 - 2017 for Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the independent effect of sleep debt on perceived stress or depressive mood. Results: Individuals with poor mental health sleep less on weekdays, resulting in more sleep debt. Final regression models that were adjusted for potential covariates revealed that poor mental health was associated with shortened sleep on weekdays but was not associated with overall sleep debt. Conclusions: Our result suggests that efforts should be made to lengthen sleep on weekdays, not on weekends, to lower stress or depressive mood among adolescents.