bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Diversity: Models of Inclusion for Schools in England
Authors: Ipgrave Julia
Published: June 2020

This paper discusses two educational and religious incidents featured in the British press in recent few years. The first refers to a pupil who took her school to court claiming she had been excluded from school for wearing the jilbab (full length coat-like garment). The second incident relates to the issue raised by Michael Reiss as to whether when questions of Creationism and intelligent design are raised by pupils in science lessons, it would be appropriate for the science teacher to discuss them with those pupils rather than dismiss Creationism.
In Britain, Asian and white British youth often live ‘parallel lives’ and this has serious implications for the cohesion of British society. Siddiqui (2007) raised the issue of the segregation of communities and made a strong case for inclusion that begins with the academic but has implications for the communal and social domains. This paper suggests that there is a possibility for a peaceful coexistence of different epistemologies supported by incidental reference as well as by structured comparison. The school is a place where a pupil should have a sense of belonging, where they can ‘tap their faith performatively’ both to develop their own learning and to contribute to the learning of others.
Ce document traite de deux incidents éducatifs et religieux apparus dans la presse britannique au cours des dernières années. Le premier fait référence à une élève qui a traduit son école en justice affirmant qu’elle a été excluée de l’école pour avoir porté le jilbab (tenue toute en longueur pareille à un manteau). Le second incident mentionne un problème soulevé par Michael Reiss quant à savoir, lorsque les élèves en cours de sciences soulèvent des questions sur le Créationnisme et la conception intellectuelle, s’il ne serait pas approprié pour le professeur de sciences d’en discuter avec ces élèves plutôt que de renier le Créationnisme.
En Grande Bretagne, les jeunes Asiatiques et Anglais souvent mènent des “vies parallèles” et ceci a de sérieuses implications pour la cohésion de la société anglaise. Siddiqui (2007) a soulevé la question de ségrégation des communautés et a fortement plaidé la cause pour l’inclusion qui commence dans le milieu universitaire, mais a des implications dans les domaines communautaires et sociaux. Cet article suggère qu’il existe la possibilité d’aboutir à la pacifique coexistence de différentes épistémologies soutenues autant par des références fortuites que par des comparaisons structurées. L’école est un lieu où un élève doit ressentir un sentiment d’appartenance, un endroit dans lequel ils doivent pouvoir “pratiquer leur foi ouvertement”, et pour développer leur propre apprentissage, et pour contribuer à l’apprentissage des autres.
English Education in Italy: Perceptions of Teachers and Professors of English
Authors: Faez Farahnaz
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the growing impact of English in Italy and in the Italian education system. The analysis focuses on issues of educational policy and practice and addresses discrepancies that exist across these areas with regards to English proficiency and use among Italians. The first part of the paper examines English dominance in non-Anglo countries, the education system in Italy and foreign language policy initiatives of the European Union that impact language policy and practice in Italy. The second part of the paper reports on findings of a survey completed by high school teachers and professors of English as well as interview data on their perceptions on the role of English in the Italian education system and the society at large. While this study focuses on the situation in Italy, the results have resonance for other contexts in Europe and beyond.
Cet article examine l’impact croissant de l’Anglais en Italie et dans le système éducatif italien. L’analyse se concentre sur les questions de politiques et pratiques éducatives et aborde les divergences existant à travers ces domaines, par rapport à la maîtrise de l’Anglais chez les Italiens et leur usage de la langue. La première partie de cet article examine la domination de l’Anglais dans les pays non anglophones, le système éducatif en Italie et les initiatives en manière de politique des langues étrangères de l’Union Européenne qui affectent les politiques et pratiques des langues en Italie. La seconde partie de ce document rapporte les résultats d’enquêtes complétées par des enseignants d’école secondaire et par des professeurs d’Anglais, de même que les données d’entretiens sur leurs perceptions du rôle de l’Anglais dans le système éducatif italien et dans la société en général. Bien que cette étude mette l’accent sur la situation en Italie, les résultats s’étendent aussi à d’autres contextes en Europe, et ailleurs.
Teacher Candidates’ Perceptions of an International Practicum Experience in Italian Schools: Benefits of a Short-Term Placement with Faculty Support
Authors: Cantalini-Williams Maria , Tessaro Mary
Published: June 2020

This study examines the perceptions of teacher candidates (student teachers) participating in a faculty-supervised, international teaching placement in Italian schools. Survey responses and journal reflections, supported by faculty field notes indicate that the benefits could be categorized in four main areas such as: the development of resourcefulness and resilience; increased familiarity with the conditions of international teaching employment; a greater awareness of cultural literacy and comparative education; and an enhancement of language sensitivities and strategies for communicating and teaching. Recommendations suggest that professional growth of the teacher candidates is dependent on sufficient preparation, faculty support and immersion in the experience.
Cette étude examine les perceptions des futurs enseignants (étudiants en enseignement) participant à un stage international d’enseignement dans des écoles italiennes, supervisé par la faculté. Les résultats d’enquêtes et réflexions de journal, appuyés par des notes de terrain des professeurs, indiquent que les avantages pourraient être classées dans quatre principaux domaines tels que : développement de débrouillardise et de résilience ; familiarité accrue avec les conditions d’emploi pour enseigner à l’étranger ; une plus grande sensibilisation à la littérarité cultuelle et à l’éducation comparative ; et une amélioration des sensibilités linguistiques et stratégies de communication et d’enseignement. Des recommandations suggèrent que le développement professionnel des futurs enseignants dépend d’une préparation adéquate, de support du corps professoral et d’une immersion dans l’expérience.
North-South International Education Partnerships: Two Canadian Projects with Tanzania.
Authors: Varpalotai Aniko , Phillips Chantal , Roks Marian
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The following is a review of two Canadian-Tanzanian international partnerships working in Tanzania within the education sector. Project TEMBO (Tanzania Education and Micro-Business Opportunity) supports the development of formal and non-formal education for girls and women in collaboration with other local and international non-governmental organizations. The Huron University College/University of Dar es Salaam project is strengthening post-secondary educational opportunities in collaboration with civil society organizations and local government. Both projects are focused on literacy in the broadest sense to achieve critical skills in civic engagement, poverty reduction, problem solving, decision-making and reducing gender imbalances, and as such are in line with the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Achieving improved access to information and educational opportunities for Tanzanians that support poverty reduction are the shared objectives of these two projects. This article will outline some of the methods which have been used to successfully offer access and educational opportunities despite ongoing challenges and constraints within the project environments.
The role of language in processes of internationalization: Considering linguistic heterogeneity and voices from within and out in two diverse contexts in Ontario
Authors: Byrd Clark Julie , Haque Eve , Lamoureux Sylvie
Published: June 2020

This multi-voiced paper considers the role of language and linguistic heterogeneity in relation to larger discourses and processes of internationalization and globalization in Canadian higher education by examining two particular educational contexts in Ontario: newly arrived adult students participating in Immigrant language training programs; and Franco-Ontarian students transitioning to post-secondary schools and gaining access to higher education. The authors argue for a multidimensional conceptual approach to theorizing internationalization; one that takes into account the significance of language from the global, transnational and local levels of the social world whereby linguistic heterogeneity is viewed as the “norm” and one that allows for a broader and deeper engagement when considering what international education might mean for citizenship, integration, and linguistic minorities in Canada.
“My classroom is a bigger place”: Examining the Impact of a Professional Development Course on the Global Perspective of Experienced Teachers
Authors: Sider Steve , Ashun Mary
Published: June 2020

How do experienced teachers develop a global perspective through a professional development course and how can this perspective impact classroom practice? These are the two key questions which this paper examines. We utilize Guskey’s (2002) model of teacher change as a framework for understanding the results of a study involving experienced teachers who took a professional development course which had a focus on global education. The participants engaged in a number of activities four months after the completion of the course to explore how the course had impacted their classroom teaching practice. Common themes were identified through participant reflective papers and questionnaire-responses which gave insight into what the participants felt were key aspects of learning in the enhancement of their global perspective. The paper provides an opportunity to consider Guskey’s (2002) model for teacher change, particularly the sequence with which teacher attitudes and beliefs change. As well, we discuss how teachers’ commitment to global citizenship can be shaped and how this might impact classroom practice.
How Schools Define Success: The Influence of Local Contexts on the Meaning of Success in Three Schools in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Winton Sue
Published: June 2020

Creating successful schools is a priority for governments, district officials, administrators, teachers and parents around the world, but just what does ‘school success’ mean? Grounded in theories of collective sense-making and learning, this article presents how school success is defined in three schools in Ontario, Canada, and draws on Ball, Maguire and Braun’s theory of policy enactment to explain similarities and differences between the schools’ definitions. A comparative case study of three elementary schools in the same neighbourhood finds that students’ happiness and academic learning (rather than achievement on standardized tests) are common aspects of each school’s multifaceted definition of success. Each school also has unique elements in its definition that can be attributed to differences in the schools’ situated, material, and professional contexts. In addition to local influences, class-based deficit ideology and professional discourses in their external contexts impact the schools’ definitions of success. Notably, the schools’ definitions emphasize individual growth and outcomes that reproduce rather than transform social inequities.
The Issue of Mutuality in Canada-China Educational Collaboration
Authors: Leng Phirom , Pan Julia
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the power relationships in two major Canada-China university linkage programs which ran between 1989 and 2001: the Canada-China University Linkage Program [CCULP] (1989-1995) and the Special University Linkage Consolidation Program [SULCP] (1996-2001). The study adopts the cosmopolitan concept of mutuality as a theoretical lens and employs the analytical method of constant comparison of qualitative data to explore the context surrounding the mutuality evidenced in CCULP/SULCP. The findings show that both programs manifested the four characteristics of mutuality identified by Johan Galtung: equity, autonomy, solidarity and participation. Human values or cultural agency were identified as the key factor making mutuality possible, as well as nurturing and sustaining the relationships between Canadian and Chinese participants. This study suggests that cosmopolitanism be given more attention in this increasingly interconnected world. Its primary emphasis is on human relationships, and this dimension needs to be given more space in international academic relations.
Indigenous Urban School Leadership: A Critical Cross-Cultural Comparative Analysis of Educational Leaders in New Zealand and the United States
Authors: Santamaría Lorri , Santamaría Andrés , Webber Melinda , Pearson Hoana
Published: June 2020

This qualitative inquiry compares the practice of one Māori primary school leader of urban education for indigenous multicultural multilingual learners in New Zealand (NZ), to research on the practices of nine educational leaders of colour in the United States (US). This study identifies and compares leadership practices for leaders struggling with ways to positively impact learner outcomes in similar settings (e.g., UK, Canada). From a critical comparative perspective, this school principal shares her leadership practice and lessons learned to inform leadership practice in similarly multifaceted urban settings. This research is undertaken by a collaborative cross-cultural team of educational leaders and scholars from the US and NZ, from the local university and urban primary school. The research team comprises multiple perspectives, the basis for global comparative discourse on school leadership. This contribution offers a cross-cultural model, framework, and way of doing educational research to increase understanding of leadership in different societies.
Developing Global Educators and Intercultural Competence Through an International Teaching Practicum in Kenya
Authors: Black Glenda , Bernardes Roger
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore the extent and nature of changes in personal and professional behaviors, values, and attitudes of 46 Canadian teacher candidates who participated in a three week teaching practicum in Kenya. All participants completed a pre and post practicum Global-Mindedness Survey (Hett, 1993), participated in interviews, and engaged in personal and public reflections. Our results suggest that the Kenyan practicum significantly increased the teacher candidates’ global-mindedness and intercultural competence. The teacher candidates’ teaching practice was positively affected as reflected in their increased commitment to build community, improved skills in teaching English language learners, their ability to globalize the curriculum, and their confidence in the realization that they were their own greatest teaching resource. We theorize planned transformative learning opportunities during the cultural immersion of international practicums can greatly enhance the intercultural competence of teachers in today’s diverse classrooms.
A Study of the First Year International Students at a Canadian University: Challenges and Experiences with Social Integration
Authors: Zhou George , Zhang Zuochen
Published: June 2020

An increasing number of international students come to Canada for their higher education. As a unique group on Canadian campuses, international students deserve our attention so that we can understand their special needs. Using Tinto’s retention model as a theoretical framework, this study investigates the experiences of the first year international students at a Canadian university. It pays special attention to the challenges these students face in the process of their social integration into the new learning and living environment. Data were collected through surveys and focus groups. Data analysis reveals a comprehensive picture of international students’ socialization patterns and challenges. Since student retention has been a central concern for many universities, the findings of this study are informative for higher education institutions to optimize their services to meet international students’ preferences and needs.
The Political Economy of Training in Canada and England: Politics, pragmatism and public opinion in a post-industrial age
Authors: White Melissa
Published: June 2020

This paper reports the findings of a research project that examined the role of training in two government-initiated, economic regeneration programs implemented in Canada and in England. The paper proposes that training programs, especially those found as part of economic development schemes, must be understood within the broader political economy into which economic development programs are introduced. An analysis of economic, policy, and training literature reveals that training often remains unconnected to either economic development or broader policy discussions.
Social Studies in Three Canadian Provinces: A Comparative Exploration
Authors: Broom Catherine
Published: June 2020

This paper compares the similarities and differences in Ontario, British Columbia, and Nova Scotia’s Social Studies curriculum documents. It finds a number of similarities in the curriculum documents including in structural form, aims, and content. It also finds some differences based on historical contingencies and regional conditions. The paper then analyses possible reasons for the similarities and differences found, with a focus on key individuals involved and contexts, and comments on whether calls for a national Social Studies curriculum should be implemented.
Mentoring Teachers for Critical Global Consciousness: Infusing Solidarity in International Service Learning
Authors: O'Sullivan Michael , Niemczyk Ewelina
Published: June 2020

This study examines the little-studied phenomenon of teacher mentoring for global consciousness. It reviews the relationship between secondary school teachers participating in an international service-learning (ISL) project in Nicaragua and an NGO, Canadian Youth Abroad (CYA). CYA facilitates short, but intensive, ISL experiences. The teachers work for a publicly funded Catholic district school board in Ontario, Canada. Teachers who travel to Nicaragua with the students are mentored and accompanied by more experienced peers - "veteran" CYA/ISL teacher-participants. The mentoring process seeks to impart the CYA’s particular transformative values to the new teacher-participants and through them, to their students. These values challenge the dominant charitable "help the poor" model of North-South engagement. The teacher-mentors follow CYA's Freirian pedagogical model that stresses the value of solidarity between Canadian and Nicaraguan participants.
Exploring the Concepts of Traditional Inuit Leadership and Effective School Leadership in Nunavut (Canada)
Authors: Preston Jane , Claypool Tim , Rowluck William , Green Brenda
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper is to document how educators living in Nunavut communities describe traditional Inuit leadership and effective school leadership. The data for this qualitative study were 24 semi-structured interviews, involving 14 teachers, vice-principals, and principals from Nunavut. Findings revealed that traditional Inuit leadership was about promoting the personal leadership skills, interests, and/or abilities of each community member, and it often involved Elders who fostered the linguistic, social, cultural, and spiritual wellness of students and school staff. Participants depicted an effective school leader to be someone who promoted teamwork. Also, participants indicated that effective school leaders were community and people-focused. The findings of this study align the Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (IQ) principles, which incorporate important features of the Inuit worldview.
Negotiating TESOL Discourses and EFL Teaching Contexts in China: Identities and Practices of International Graduates of a TESOL Program
Authors: Ilieva Roumiana , Li Aojun , Li Wanjun
Published: June 2020

This article reports on a study of the material effects of the discourses circulating in a TESOL program housed in a Canadian university on the professional identities and practices that international graduates of the program negotiate and develop in their local professional contexts in China. The principal researcher and two of the study participants discuss pedagogical values salient among program graduates and explore complexities accompanying professional identity negotiation. The article offers recommendations for TESOL programs in affording EFL teachers the possibility to construct hybrid professional identities and dwell comfortably in a “third space” as educational practitioners in a globalized world.
Towards Different Conversations About the Internationalization of Higher Education
Authors: Stein Sharon , Andreotti Vanessa , Bruce Judy , Suša Rene
Published: June 2020

As institutional commitments to internationalize higher education continue to grow, so too does the need to critically consider both the intended purposes and actual outcomes of the programs and policies that result. In particular, there is a risk that internationalization efforts may contribute to the reproduction of harmful historical and ongoing global patterns of educational engagement. In this paper we explore these issues by offering a social cartography of four possible articulations of internationalization, and considering their relation to an often-unacknowledged global imaginary, which presumes a colonial hierarchy of humanity. We also address the practical and pedagogical possibilities and limitations of enacting each articulation within mainstream institutional settings, and propose that social cartographies offer a means of reframing and deepening engagement with the complexities, tensions, and paradoxes involved in internationalizing higher education.
Les mots pour le dire : acculturation ou racialisation? Les théories antiracistes critiques (TARC) dans l’expérience scolaire des jeunes NoirEs du Canada en contextes francophones
Authors: Thésée Gina , Carr Paul
Published: June 2020

La théorie de l’acculturation a été utilisée dans le champ multidisciplinaire de l’interculturel pour l’étude de phénomènes socioéducatifs liés à la migration. Cependant, de plus en plus, des chercheurs en éducation, Afro-Canadiens notamment, proposent des cadres théoriques inspirés de la théorie raciale critique pour camper le contexte dans lequel a lieu l’expérience scolaire des jeunes Afro-Canadiens. Leur perspective amène à remettre en question le concept d’acculturation et à adopter plutôt celui de racialisation. Cet article propose une réflexion théorique sur le passage de l’acculturation à la racialisation dans le cadre de la théorie antiraciste critique (TARC) revisitée par Dei. Les enjeux, portée et limites de cette théorie antiraciste critique dans la compréhension de l’expérience scolaire de jeunes Afro-Canadiens de Montréal sont discutés.
Collaborating in (mis)translation: Opportunities lost and found during a multi year exchange program between Canada and China
Authors: Sefton Terry , Rideout Glenn , Bayley Jonathan
Published: June 2020

Three Canadian education faculty, who collaborated with Chinese Canadian colleagues in leading trips to China during a multi-year exchange program discuss their perceptions and experiences. Storytelling and photo elicitation are used to build a visual and textual narrative. Narratives are used to map areas of familiarity, uncertainty, obstacles, and discovery. Photographic images provide a framework for examining social practices and interpreting personal experience through visible traces of teaching within physical and cultural spaces. A discussion on the role of translation is particularly important, to understand both opportunities grasped and opportunities missed. One of the primary goals of exchange programs between universities is to build relationships between institutions, between researchers, and between students. The authors provide recommendations for building successful collaborations despite asymmetrical relations of power.
Analyse d’un Projet Pilote d’Intégration d’une Approche par les Situations dans l’Éducation de Base de la République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Cyr Stéphane , Savard Annie , Braham Emna
Published: June 2020

En 2015, la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) a entrepris une démarche transitoire de réforme scolaire en adoptant une Approche par les Situations (APS) dans ses programmes pour le primaire. Pour initier cette démarche, le pays a mis en place un projet pilote visant l’amélioration de l’enseignement et des apprentissages des mathématiques et des langues. Dans ce dispositif, des situations ont été crées et des enseignants ont été formés à l’utilisation de ces situations en classe. Le présent article présente les résultats issus des différents outils de collecte de données visant à rendre compte de cette démarche expérimentale en mathématiques mathématiques dans une perspective d’élargissement à l’échelle nationale. Les résultats obtenus font état d’un apport positif de la formation des enseignants et de l’utilisation des situations en classe mais exposent aussi les problèmes fonctionnels de mise en place d’un tel dispositif dans un pays comme la RDC.
Teacher strategies to improve education outcomes for Indigenous students
Authors: Papp Theresa
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article presents the teaching strategies that supported education success for Indigenous students of New Zealand from a case study research approach. Interviews were conducted with teacher participants that revealed four dominant strategies that were perceived to improve Māori education outcomes and were confirmed by national testing results. These strategies were: Building and repairing relationships through a relationship-based pedagogy; student focused school and classrooms; teachers that provided feedforward and feedback to students; administrative leadership, and the regular incorporation of Māori culture in the school and the classroom. Over a six-year timeframe, implementation of these strategies more than doubled Māori academic achievement levels.
Higher Education Development in India and China: South Asian, Sinic, and Pan-Asian alternatives
Authors: Wu Hantian , Panthaki Neville
Published: June 2020

This study investigates the development of higher education in India and China over three time periods: that of colonial India and semi-colonial China, that of the Cold War during which India was “non-aligned” and “new China” embraced Communism, and the period after India’s neoliberal economic reforms and China’s “reform and opening-up”. Our study focuses on the second period when the rationales for post-independent higher education policies were intimately connected to sovereignty. A historical cross-comparative analysis is being employed to discern similarities and differences between India’s and China’s development of higher education systems. The purpose of our study is to contextualize the sociopolitical philosophies that guided the development and transformation of higher education systems in India and China with reference to their vision as non-Western civilizations. We utilize this historical analysis to discuss whether India and China will remain peripheral in the global system of knowledge production, or provide distinct South Asian, Sino, and/or Pan-Asian alternatives in the future.
50 Years of the CIESC - Looking Back and Envisioning Forward: Reflections from Past-Presidents
Authors: DePass Cecille , Dlamini Nombuso , Fan Peter , Larsen Marianne , Majhanovich Suzanne , Masemann Vandra , Poonwassie Deo , Pitman Allan , Aujla-Bhullar Sonia , Scoppio Grazia
Published: June 2020

This paper stems from the panel of past Presidents of the Comparative and International Education Society (CIESC) that was part of the 2017 conference of the CIESC. The theme of the panel was “Looking Back, Visioning Forward: The Promise of Comparative and International Education” and the panelists were asked to present their perspectives based on their experiences as past Presidents of the Society. Their reflections were gathered to create this combined piece, in order to capture their insights on the past, present and future of comparative and international education.
Citizenship Education in a Fragile State: NGO Programs for Democratic Development and Youth Participation in Haiti
Authors: Pluim Gary
Published: June 2020

This research centres on NGO citizenship education programs in Haiti to better understand youth experiences, outcomes, and perceptions of democracy. The findings from this study illustrate how programs from Western-based NGOs with liberal democratic traditions typically construct citizenship education in relation to the individual agency of the learners, whereas youth living in the context of fragility note the prerequisite for stable social structures as a foundation for citizenship. Through multi-dimensional analyses, this article highlights the importance of historical perspectives, the value of comparing disparate societies, and the necessity to explicate social locations in cross-cultural research. The concluding proposition states that not only does context matter in international research, but illustrates specifically how context affects youth participants subject to curriculum emanating from competing ideological environments. The issues explored here are among the key concerns for the future of comparative and international research in a globalizing and diverse world.
Out of School Factors Affecting Indigenous Girls’ Educational Attainment: A Theory of Change for the Opening Opportunities Program in Rural Guatemala
Authors: Richardson Emma , Phillips Mary , Colom Alejandra , Khalil Ielaf , Nichols Jennica
Published: June 2020

Guatemalans have the lowest education rates in Latin America, and within Guatemala, Indigenous, rural and poor girls have much lower education rates than their peers. The ‘Opening Opportunities’ program attempts to invest in the poorest girls from rural Guatemala to build their personal, social, health and economic assets. Realist evaluation attempts to understand the key mechanisms in complex social interventions, and is under-used in education research. Based on data from life history interviews from graduates, this paper presents a Theory of Change to understand the contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of the ‘Opening Opportunities’ Program relating to educational attainment. The four mechanisms most discussed by program graduates are: leadership and participation create confidence; greater networks (models, mentors, peers); opportunities created to participate in novel paid work; and desire for later marriage and childbearing. This is the first Theory of Change that explains out of school factors affecting educational attainment.
Researching Education in the Age of Transnational Migration: Towards a New Research Agenda
Authors: Guo Shibao
Published: June 2020

This paper is offered as work in progress to stimulate our thinking about the changing nature of comparative and international education in the age of transnational migration. It seems clear that the shifting paradigm of transnationalism has challenged the rigid, territorial nationalism, the understanding of borders and national identities. It is making cultural boundaries and identities porous, hybrid, and dialogic. In this paper I emphasize how comparative and international education has to be rethought in the context of transnational migration as a multidirectional process where diverse identities, forms of attachment and belonging inscribe the experiences of people as they move across geographical, cultural, national, and linguistic boundaries. I call for a more expansive definition and mission of comparative and international education in exploring the impact of transnational migration on the identity, culture, and integration of immigrant populations spanning across several nations simultaneously.
International program and provider mobility in higher education: Research trends, challenges and issues
Authors: Knight Jane , Liu Qin
Published: June 2020

International program and provider mobility (IPPM) in higher education has grown exponentially in the last decade but there is a dearth of research on this phenomenon. This article analyzes the trends and key issues identified in published academic research on IPPM from 2000 to 2018. The review uses a newly developed IPPM Classification Framework for analysis, focussing on four different modes of IPPM – branch campuses, joint universities, franchise programs, and partnership programs. All reviewed 364 publications were categorized according to IPPM mode, major theme, geographical orientation, type of research, publications source, and publication date. The findings illustrate the mass confusion which exists as to how international mobility activities are labelled and categorized. The findings also inform a call for more IPPM-focussed research on outcomes and impact, teaching and learning issues, and national-level regulations. Higher education researchers, policy makers, IPPM managers and faculty members will find the analysis useful and somewhat surprising.
Behind Quality, there is Equality: An Analysis of Scientific Capital Accumulation in Social-democratic Welfare Regimes
Authors: Bégin-Caouette Olivier
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Trade-offs between quality and equality are at the forefront of multiple debates in higher education, and one conceptual tool to approach societies’ adjustment in resolving these trade-offs is the welfare regime typology. Relying on the theory of academic capitalism and using research production as a proxy for quality in higher education, this study analyses how social-democratic welfare regimes resolve the trade-off between comparatively high levels of academic research production, access to higher education and equal citizens’ living conditions. Interviews with 56 system actors suggest that equality is perceived to contribute to academic freedom, public investments in research and the expansion of the academic workforce, those features contributing in turn to academic research production.
RÉSUMÉ
Les compromis entre qualité et égalité sont au centre de nombreux débats en éducation et l’un des cadres conceptuels permettant d’appréhender les trajectoires d’ajustement des sociétés dans leur manière d’atteindre ces compromis est celui des types d’États providence. En s’appuyant sur la théorie du capitalisme universitaire et en utilisant la production de recherche comme indicateur de qualité dans l’enseignement supérieur, cette étude examine comment les États sociaux-démocrates atteignent des niveaux de production de recherche importants tout en préservant l’accessibilité à l’enseignement supérieur et l’égalité entre les citoyens. Des entretiens avec 56 acteurs-clés des systèmes d’enseignement supérieur suggèrent que l’égalité sociale contribue à la production de recherche en ce sens qu’elle protège la liberté universitaire, encourage les investissements publics en recherche et augmente le bassin de recrutement de chercheurs universitaire.
Voices That Matter: Authenticity, Identity, and Voice in the Musical Career of Lana Del Rey
Authors: Blackburn Anton
Published: June 2020

Discursive authentications of singing voices in pop music reception are often rooted in gendered expectations. Moving away from essentialist understandings of the ‘authentic voice,’ this article proffers that voices are formatively entangled in processes of subjectification. Lana Del Rey is a singer whose (vocal) career has been considered inauthentic in the discourse of journalists, particularly when she first rose to stardom in 2011 via YouTube. Del Rey is a prime example of the contemporary values of artistic personae in pop culture, as her career has been so bound to notions of authenticity and sounding authentic. Through an analysis of the vocal aesthetics of Del Rey and the discourse that surrounds her, the notion of ‘vocal ontogenesis’ is developed. This concept moves from subjectification as an ontologically complete instance to subjectification as a never-ending process. The notion of vocal ontogenesis becomes useful for comprehending the complex aggregations of which the voice is a component, and more broadly implies the need for further study of vocal materialism, setting an agenda for decentered examinations of voice, gender, and authenticity.
PROPOSTA DE DIMINUIÇÃO DO CONSUMO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA E REDUÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS ATRAVÉS DA ANÁLISE DE VIABILIDADE DE SUBSTITUIÇÃO DE LÂMPADAS FLUORESCENTES POR LÂMPADAS LED EM UM SUPERMERCADO
Authors: Santos Arthur  Pereira  dos , Felici Elson  Mendonça , Santos Victor  Rissoli  dos
Published: June 2020

The present study aimed to present the results that a supermarket obtained in view of the proposal to replace fluorescent lamps with LED lamps. The methodology used was based on the comparison between the types of lamps mentioned with a quantitative approach based on bibliographic, documentary research and observation for data collection, in addition to calculating the feasibility and return on investment through the methods of Net Present Value (NPV), equivalent uniform cost and payback. The results found confirm the feasibility of replacing the lamps with a 15-month paybacktime, causing a monthly savings of R $ 280.00 in the electric bill and a 52.6% reduction in the emission of carbon dioxide indirect compared to fluorescent lamps.
One Solution of Extension of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients Feature Vector for Automatic Speaker Recognition
Authors: Jokić Ivan , Jokić Stevan , Delić Vlado , Perić Zoran
Published: June 2020

One extension of feature vector for automatic speaker recognition is considered in this paper. The starting feature vector consisted of 18 mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). Extension was done with two additional features derived from the spectrum of the speech signal. The main idea that generated this research is that it is possible to increase the efficiency of automatic speaker recognition by constructing a feature vector which tracks a real perceived spectrum in the observed speech. Additional features are based on the energy maximums in the appropriate frequency ranges of observed speech frames. In experiments, accuracy and equal error rate (EER) are compared in the case when feature vectors contain only 18 MFCCs and in cases when additional features are used. Recognition accuracy increased by around 3%. Values of EER show smaller differentiation but the results show that adding proposed additional features produced a lower decision threshold. These results indicate that tracking of real occurrences in the spectrum of the speech signal leads to more efficient automatic speaker recognizer. Determining features which track real occurrences in the speech spectrum will improve the procedure of automatic speaker recognition and enable avoiding complex models.
An API-first methodology for designing a microservice-based Backend as a Service platform
Authors: Dudjak Mario , Martinović Goran
Published: June 2020

Over the last several years, cloud computing has imposed as a major paradigm in software development by providing computer resources over the Internet. Among various cloud service models, Backend as a Service (BaaS) stands out as a model that targets the specific needs of web and mobile developers. By providing the backend for applications, it facilitates and expedites the software development process. In order to prevent major problems with the use of third-party BaaS providers, this paper advocates building your own BaaS platform, as well as several works ahead of it. However, the development of a BaaS platform carries various challenges regarding architecture and design. This paper strives to define the core service offerings of a BaaS platform and propose a method for providing an architectural design of a BaaS platform based on a microservice architecture. Microservice architecture is the preferred architectural style for cloud solutions since it promotes loose coupling, ease of scaling and integration with third-party services, which are fundamental stipulations of BaaS platforms. The methodology adopted in designing a microservice-based BaaS platform was formed in accordance with an Application Programming Interface (API)-first approach, which strives to design a suitable, representative API of the platform. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this paper proposes the lowest-level design of a BaaS platform so far, describing the entity relations, integration patterns, and communication styles. Ultimately, the proposed design was implemented and tested for its functional requirements. In that regard, specific test cases that mirror the actual workflow of the BaaS platform were constructed.
On Improving Reliability in Multicast Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: T SAMPRADEEPRAJ , S P RAJA
Published: June 2020

Multicast routing becomes the most challenging problem in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Multicasting is an effective way to facilitate group communication in which the multicast data need to be sent from a source node to multiple receivers. In this paper, a simple and efficient algorithm Minimum Connected Dominating Set (MCDS) is used to form a virtual backbone as forwarding group of the network. The MCDS aims at minimizing the number of nodes, where few nodes should be dominated, which are responsible for forwarding the multicast packets by applying Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC). RLNC has great potential to improve the performance of multicast routing protocol. The objective of this paper is to improve the performance of On-Demand Multicasting Routing Protocol (ODMRP) with respect to reliability using RLNC over MCDS for WSN, so that bandwidth utilization can be increased in the network. The proposed approach is named as RLNMCDS-ODMRP, which deliver multicast data in high reliable. Experimental results and performance analysis show that the proposed protocol outperforms the classical multicast routing protocols that use MCDS or RLNC.
A Pointer Neural Network for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Task Priority and Limited Resources
Authors: Yuxiang Sheng  , Ma Huawei , Xia Wei
Published: June 2020

The vehicle routing problem with task priority and limited resources (VRPTPLR) is a generalized version of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) with multiple task priorities and insufficient vehicle capacities. The objective of this problem is to maximize the total benefits. Compared to the traditional mathematical analysis methods, the pointer neural network proposed in this paper continuously learns the mapping relationship between input nodes and output decision schemes based on the actual distribution conditions. In addition, a global attention mechanism is adopted in the neural network to improve the convergence rate and results. To verify the effectiveness of the method, we model the VRPTPLR and compare the results with those of a genetic algorithm. The parameter sensitivity of each algorithm is assessed using different datasets. Then, comparison experiments with the two algorithms employing optimal parameter configurations are performed for the validation sets, which are generated at different instance scales. It is found that the solution time of the pointer neural network is much shorter than that of the genetic algorithm and that the proposed method provides better solutions for large-scale instances.
Maßnahmen von Unternehmen gegen unberechtigte Short-Sell-Attacken
Authors: Frömel Laura
Published: June 2020

In den letzten Jahren wurden verstärkt börsennotierte Unternehmen, wie Wirecard oder ProSieben, Opfer von Leerverkaufsattacken, wodurch diese massive Kurseinbrüche innerhalb kürzester Zeit erlitten.

Die Arbeit untersucht solche Attacken umfassend anhand des geltenden Kapitalmarktrechts und leistet einen gewichtigen Beitrag zur Beantwortung der komplexen und bislang nur fragmentarisch behandelten Frage, wie es Unternehmen selbst möglich ist, auf solche Angriffe effektiv zu reagieren und welche Maßnahmen im Vorfeld zu treffen sind. Hierzu werden einzelne Praxisfälle ausgewertet, wobei vor allem die Informationspolitik der Unternehmen im Fokus steht.
Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Its Predictors in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Moezzi Meisam , Afshari Golshan , Rahim Fakher , Alavian Meysam , Banitorfi Maryam , Hesam Saeed , Fatemi Nasrin
Published: June 2020

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been a frequently performed medical intervention that increases the chance of survival of a person stricken by cardiac arrest, and there is an excellent value of diversity in the rate of successful rehabilitation in societies. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out. The medical records of all in-hospital and out-hospital cardiac arrest patients who underwent CPR were collected. A total of 587 people with who underwent CPR during two years between January 2017 and June 2018, using a designed form were enrolled. Demographic information, the ward which CPR was committed, hospitalization, the delay before the onset of CPR and time of the day were recorded. Results: The overall success rate of CPR in this study was 25.89%. There was no significant difference in the success rate of CPR between men and women. A comparison of age groups revealed a difference between the success rates of CPR in 14 - 64 years group compared with the group above 64. Analysis of the data revealed no difference between CPR success rates in various seasons. Investigating the occurrence of cardiac arrest and its success rate at the hospital shifting showed a significant difference between the success rate of CPR in the morning shift with the evening shift and night. The dual comparison revealed a significant difference in the success rate of CPR only between the emergency department and intensive care units. Conclusions: The current study revealed a significant difference in age group and location, and did not show any significant success rate of CPR in the presence of witnesses, location of cardiac arrest, season and gender.