bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Appellative Constructions with Epistemic Modality Predicates
Authors: Ioanesyan E. R.
Published: June 2023

The object of the study is parenthetical constructions, represented in the language by three types — modal, reflexive and appellative. Modal introductory constructions denote the modal status of a proposition. In reflexive introductory constructions, epistemic units act as reflection marking. Appellative introductory constructions have an illocutionary function — the function of influencing the addressee. The purpose of this article is to analyze appellative constructions with epistemic predicates — one of the subclasses of propositional attitude predicates, verbs of knowledge, perception and opinion. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that epistemic predicates play an important role in the processes of communication and argumentation. The results of a comparative analysis of appellative constructions in several languages — Russian, Polish, Bulgarian, Ukrainian, German, English, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese are presented. Particular attention is paid to the comparison of matrix constructions with epistemic predicates, that is, constructions with a dependent clause, and appellative constructions with these predicates. The analysis of translations of foreign texts with matrix constructions into Russian made it possible to conclude that there is a tendency to replace the original matrix constructions with introductory ones, and vice versa, the analysis of translations of texts from Russian with introductory constructions indicates a tendency to replace them with matrix ones.
Perilaku Konsumen Halal: Peluang Usaha Generasi Milenial Pasca Pandemi Di Kota Palu
Authors: Sitti Aisya  , Fahreza Najmi
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi generasi milenial dengan menjadikan perubahan perilaku konsumen halal sebagai peluang bisnis pasca pandemi. Pandemi telah mempengaruhi perilaku masyarakat dalam memilih dan menentukan kebutuhannya. Pandemi menuntut adaptasi terhadap kebiasaan baru, pemikiran kreatif, inovasi, termasuk dalam membuka usaha. Perubahan pola konsumen pun diadaptasi pasca pandemi seperti penggunaan masker dan cuci tangan. Deskripsi kualitatif sebagai metode penelitian dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dalam pengumpulan data. Kemudian menganalisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Kemudian memeriksa keabsahan data dengan triangulasi Kesimpulan dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan perilaku konsumen halal dalam kegiatan konsumsi membuat generasi milenial kota Palu memanfaatkan peluang bisnis dengan memanfaatkan situasi dan teknologi yang ada. Perilaku konsumen yang lebih banyak menghabiskan waktu untuk berselancar di dunia maya membuat pelaku usaha memilih media sosial sebagai tempat promosi usaha seperti Instagram dan Facebook. Konsumen cenderung secara signifikan memilih produk yang terjamin kehalalannya. Prioritas kepuasan terhadap barang tidak lagi mendominasi pemilihan produk, tetapi mencakup aspek kesehatan dan jaminan kehalalan. Perubahan ini membuka peluang bisnis bagi generasi milenial untuk mendistribusikan dan memproduksi barang halal. Generasi milenial melakukan inovasi produk dengan membuat minuman kesehatan agar imunitas tubuh terjaga dari virus, menjual dengan metode take away, dan menggunakan mitra ojek online untuk mengantarkan pesanan kepada pembeli, serta memiliki jaminan halal pada produk.
Leader Member Exchange dan Perceived Organizational Support: Kunci Mengatasi Job Insecurity Melalui Job Embeddedness Di Bank Muamalat
Authors: Santry Fadhilah Harahap  , Muhammad Lathief Ilhamy Nasution  , Khairina Tambunan
Published: June 2023

Bank Muamalat KCU Medan Baru Iskandar Muda menyediakan layanan keuangan. Ketidakamanan kerja dan keterikatan kerja menjadi masalah yang umum di antara karyawan, terlihat dari ketidaknyamanan mereka dalam bekerja, kurangnya semangat, dan kurangnya inisiatif dalam memenuhi tenggat waktu. Pertukaran antara pimpinan dan anggota di organisasi ini tidak memadai, ditandai dengan pembagian hierarkis, kurangnya pemahaman antara atasan dan bawahan, komunikasi yang tidak efektif, dan peluang promosi yang memihak individu yang dekat dengan pimpinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dampak pertukaran antara pimpinan dan anggota serta dukungan organisasi yang dirasakan terhadap ketidakamanan kerja, dengan keterikatan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi di Bank Muamalat KCU Medan Baru Iskandar Muda, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan asosiatif, penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel yang melibatkan semua 40 karyawan bank. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pertukaran antara pimpinan dan anggota serta dukungan organisasi yang dirasakan terhadap ketidakamanan kerja dimediasi oleh keterikatan kerja di Bank Muamalat KCU Medan Baru Iskandar Muda. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan adanya pengaruh positif dan signifikan pertukaran antara pimpinan dan anggota terhadap ketidakamanan kerja, serta pengaruh serupa dari dukungan organisasi yang dirasakan. Selain itu, pertukaran antara pimpinan dan anggota menunjukkan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterikatan kerja, sementara dukungan organisasi yang dirasakan berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap keterlibatan karyawan
NMR spectroscopy based configurational and compositional analysis of isobornyl methacrylate—Acrylonitrile copolymers
Authors: Khandelwal Deepika , Kumar Vikrant , Misra Neeti , Sachdeva Shallu , Rani Sanjeeta , Verma Manisha , Sahu Ishwar Prasad , Hooda Sunita
Published: June 2023

The authors conducted free radical polymerization using an initiator to synthesize a copolymer of isobornyl methacrylate—Acrylonitrile (I/A). The reactivity ratios of I (r1) and A (r2) monomers were determined as r1 = 1.63 ± 0.14, r2 = 0.61 ± 0.06 for linear KT (Kelen–Tudos) method and r1 = 1.58, r2 = 0.60 for the EVM (Error-in-Variable Method). We interpreted 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectra of the I/A copolymers using DEPT-135 and 2D HSQC spectra. The α-CH3 carbon in the I-unit was identified and confirmed using a 2D HSQC NMR spectrum, up to the level of triad of compositional and configurational sequences. The CH (C14) and β-CH2 carbon peaks were also identified up to the triad level and higher, respectively. A 2D TOCSY spectrum revealed geminal and vicinal interactions within various CH and β-CH2 protons. A 2D HMBC NMR spectrum provided a complete assignment of the coupling between nitrile, carbonyl, and quaternary carbons with CH3 and CH2 protons.
Psychometric properties and factorial invariance of bias scale trait version in engineering and health sciences university students
Authors: Aguirre Susana , Lara Carillo Claudia Eugenia , Blanco Ornelas José René , Ortiz Rodríguez Carlos Javier
Published: June 2023

Beauty and thinness standards of come from a cultural idea that even today is considered esthetic; being physically perfect has become one of the main objectives in developed societies, a goal imposed by new models of life, in which the aspect of body image is associated with wellbeing and seems to be the only valid synonym of success and happiness. However, negative body image has serious consequences for health behaviors and is associated with low self-esteem, depression, social anxiety and contributes to the development and maintenance of body dysmorphic disorder and eating disorders. In this context, the present  instrumental study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of   BIAS (Body Image Anxiety Scale) testing, trait version, in engineering and health sciences students, evaluating in the students anxiety about body parts that correspond, on the one hand with physical beauty, for example: lips, forehead, chin; and on the other hand, those related to body weight, such as: abdomen, thighs, hips, among others. The total sample  consisted of 1081 participants; 568 engineering students (142 women and 426 man) and 513  health sciences students (201 women and  311 man), with a mean age of 18.16 years (SD = 0.73) and 18.21 years (SD = 0.72) respectively, the sample was obtained through convenience sampling. The instrument  was applied through a computerized application using the instrument administrator module of scales editor, version 2.0  in a session of approximately 25 minutes in the computer labs corresponding to each participating academic unit. The confirmatory factorial analysis showed that a bi-factorial structure is feasible and convenient for both populations (engineering and health sciences) according to the established psychometric requirements when the informants were the same students. Furthermore, the factorial structure, factorial loads and the intercepts are considered invariant in the engineering and health sciences areas; however, there are differences in the mean of both factors among the two populations.
Genetic Variability of Some Physiological Traits, Yield Components and Grain Quality Characters in Rice Entries
Authors: Bassuony Nessreen Nazmy , Zsembeli József , Nofal Randa Samir , Essa Walaa Mostafa , Fazaa Mahmoud
Published: June 2023

An experiment was performed to evaluate the variability parameters of the quantitative features in fifteen rice genotypes planted during the growing seasons of 2020 and 2021. These genotypes were grown in three replications with a randomized complete block design. For all of the studied characters, analysis of variance revealed that variations between the genotypes were highly significant. Among the studied phenotypic and genotypic parameters, the number of filled grains/panicles showed the highest variations, while grain width had the lowest value in this respect. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was found for grain yield while hulling rice % had the lowest GCV. In yields, the genotypic and phenotypic coefficients were the highest, clarifying the action of additive genes in commanding these traits. Most of the studied traits had a high heritability. The highest genetic advance value (98.06) was determined for the number of filled grains/panicles, while total chlorophyll content had the lowest value (0.11). Five principal components with eigenvalues above 1 were identified using principal component analysis. The first and second principal components were responsible for about 30.34 and 15.24 of the total variation, respectively, indicating that these traits played a larger role in the overall clustering distinction of the populations. Rice enhancement programs can be more successful if selection efforts are focused on these characteristics. Cluster analyses of the fifteen genotypes have grouped the genotypes into five clusters based on the data taken. Genotypes found in Cluster II had the highest thousand-grain weights, grain yield and head rice, and they could be recommended for breeding due to these favourable parameters of height, yield and head rice percentage.
Inter-observer variability on the value of endoscopic images for the documentation of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy - our center experience
Authors: Bernatchi Ioana Natalia , Voidazan Septimiu , Petrut Madalina Ioana , Gabos Gabriella , Balasescu Madalin , Nicolau Carmen
Published: June 2023

Objective: Endoscopy is an essential and invaluable diagnostic tool in the arsenal of every gastroenterologist. ESGE presented additional guidelines for standardized image documentation in upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. Clinical disagreement is a common challenge in most, if not all, fields of medicine. Settling disagreements is important so as to find ways to minimize it. Clinical disagreement in gastroscopy may be demonstrated by studying the observer variability.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited 120 random patients that underwent conventional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between 2021-2022 in our Department of Gastroenterology, all of them performed by one endoscopist. As part of the study, all video-endoscopic recordings were stored using one internal server. In order to study interobserver variability, four physicians (endoscopists and gastroenterologist specialists) were invited to complete the questionnaire.

Results: The interob-server variability in our study ranged from moderate to very good in the assessment of the esophagus, with the highest degree of agreement in response to questions concerning characteristic findings such as normal mucosa, esophagitis Class A Los Angeles, hiatal hernia for the esophagus endoscopic evaluation, benign ulcer niche in gastric antrum, normal gastric corpus mucosa, intestinal metaplasia and angiodysplasia in gastric corpus. The question on atrophic mucosa in the first and second part of the duodenum was the most difficult to agree upon.

Conclusion: The present study found that the variability between observers in the assessment of images obtained from patients that underwent conventional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in our center was acceptably good.
Comparative clinical evaluation of xenograft (Cerabone) versus allograft combined with platelet-rich fibrin for treatment of grade II mandibular furcation defects
Authors: Mitra Suhina , Kamath Deepa G. , Shetty Nishmitha D. , Natarajan Srikant
Published: June 2023

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of naturally-derived bovine hydroxyapatite (Cerabone) versus demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft both combined with platelet-rich fibrin for treatment of grade II mandibular furcation defects.

Method: This clinical study included 20 systemically healthy patients, with grade II mandibular furcation defects, performed over 6 months. Control group comprised of open flap debridement + demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft + platelet-rich fibrin and test group comprised of open flap debridement + Cerabone + platelet-rich fibrin. Clinical parameters included: Plaque index, Modified Sulcular bleeding index, Vertical probing pocket depth, Horizontal probing depth, Probing clinical attachment level, Radiographic furcation depth, and radiographic bone fill percentage.

Results: Both groups showed satisfactory bone regeneration and improvement in clinical parameters. The test group exhibited greater reduction in vertical probing pocket depth, horizontal probing depth, and higher radiographic bone fill percentage when compared to control group, although these findings were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Both bone grafts were equally effective in treatment of grade II furcation defects. Further long-term studies are required to explore their maximum regenerative potential.
The importance of early diagnosis and surveillance in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: A case report
Authors: Balosin Marina-Georgia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by hamartomatous intestinal polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation. Most cases appear to be linked to the mutation of the STK11 gene. Patients are at a lifetime risk of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal cancers.

Case Presentation: The present study offers the case of this rare disorder in a young woman revealed by jejunal obstruction caused by intussusception. A 32-year-old woman was referred to the surgical department with symptoms suggestive of an obstructive syndrome. On examination, there were multiple perioral pigmented lesions. An urgent exploratory laparotomy revealed bowel obstruction caused by an intussusception with a large polyp. The patient suffered another similar episode 4 years before leading to the diagnosis of Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, however she was under no surveillance. Patients with pigmented lesions and a family member suffering from the mentioned syndrome should perform endoscopy and genetic tests to diagnose early and avoid complications.

Conclusion: Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome is difficult to treat due to its nonspecific symptomatology and late diagnosis. Life-threatening complications such as intussusception and various types of cancer are unanticipated. It is vital to diagnose and perform routine screening, which will make it possible to prolong the survival of many patients.
Oral manifestations of amyloidosis in a multiple myeloma patient: A case report
Authors: Sadaksharam Jayachandran , Priya Sophia Jeba , Subramaniam Sripriya , Muralidharan Archana
Published: June 2023

The term amyloidosis refers to a wide range of diseases in which amorphous, extracellular, eosinophilic proteinaceous deposits form at various locations. In this article, we describe a case of amyloidosis with multiple myeloma in which the oral symptoms of the disease served as the main diagnostic clues. A male patient in his early 60s who had multiple tongue swellings presented to our department. Following an incisional biopsy, histological analysis revealed the presence of eosinophilic, amorphous hyaline-like material that was positive for Congo red staining and was indicative of amyloidosis. The presence of abnormal plasma cells in the patient’s bone marrow aspiration after the biopsy was done was suggestive of multiple myeloma. The patient is currently undergoing the CyBorD (Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone) treatment for multiple myeloma that has just been diagnosed. We offer this instance to demonstrate that, although uncommon, amyloidosis can initially only manifest as numerous swellings on the tongue.
Penicillin-binding protein genotyping of penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from the nasopharynx of healthy preschool children
Authors: Kielbik Karolina , Bakiera Adrian , Korona-Glowniak Izabela
Published: June 2023

Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most frequent bacterial identified causes of community-acquired pneumonia, otitis media and meningitis. It is, as well, a common cause of bacteraemia’s significant morbidity and mortality. Beta-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) are the first line of empirical treatment for pneumococcal infections. The targets of BLAs are penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), the modifications of which are one of the reasons why pneumococci are non-susceptible to BLAs. In our work, a total of 39 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were obtained from 176 healthy children, both vaccinated and non-vaccinated. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, and their penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) were typed by the restriction fragment length of the polymorphism analysis of their pbp genes. The most frequent serotypes among the penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSSP) isolates were 23B, 35B and 19F. Restriction enzyme analyses of pbp1a, pbp2b, and pbp2x genes revealed 5, 3 and 3 different patterns, respectively, and a total of 4 different PBPs profiles of PNSSP isolates belonging to serotypes not included in pneumococcal conjugate vaccines were demonstrated. We conclude that the level of resistance should be monitored constantly to ascertain the effect of current pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, as well as to recognize new circumstances developing in Poland, as well as the possibility of multiple, independent imports of resistant strains from abroad.
Adiponectin as a novel predictive biomarker of multiple sclerosis course
Authors: Galazka Jakub Krzysztof , Polak Agnieszka , Matyjaszek-Matuszek Beata
Published: June 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious neurological disease, the actual worldwide prevalence of which is estimated to be 2,8 million people (35,9 per 100,000). During the course of MS, various neurological symptoms and its complications result in raising patient disability, which range from skeletal muscles impairment, to losses in cognitive functions. Achieving control over course of MS progression appears to be crucial in its treatment. This enforces the need for recognizing novel predictive factors so as to allow prognosis of future remissions and/or progressions. Adiponectin, hormone secreted by adipose tissue, currently is considered as a possible candidate for such a biomarker. The aim of this review is to summarise present knowledge and to assess possible clinical usage. According to collected data, adiponectin measurements in serum and cerebrospinal fluid appear to provide plausible and useful biomarkers in predicting the course of MS. Further studies are, however, needed, especially using non-invasive, but promising sources such as saliva.
Assessment of risk perception of patients concerning adverse drug reactions
Authors: Joaquim João José , Matos Cristiano , Mateos-Campos Ramona
Published: June 2023

Introduction. The use of medicines involves trade-offs between their therapeutic benefits and inherent risks. Several studies show that numerous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) could be avoided by increasing patients’ awareness of medicine’s risks. Even though drug labels enclose relevant information about risks and benefits, this information often requires patient education and overall health literacy to improve medication adherence, thereby preventing ADR frequency.

Aim. To describe patient awareness of ADR risks and the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance System.

Methods. A questionnaire comprising 27 questions was conducted at a health centre in Coimbra, Portugal. This study included ninety-one patients. Risk perception was scored as positive (≥2.5 points) or negative (<2.5 points). Results were analysed by SPSS v 27.0.

Results. This work highlights poor patient perceptions of risk with a rate of negative responses of 85,7%. Although some responders were aware of the possibility of reporting ADRs, only some participants were familiar with the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance System. Additionally, only five patients – out of the vast majority of those who had previously encountered ADRs – reported the event to INFARMED.

Conclusion. Patient low literacy regarding ADRs and the national reporting systems need to be urgently improved. Patient-centred communication strategies for recognising regulatory requirements and standards of product safety are important measures to achieve effective awareness through routine reporting within the Pharmacovigilance systems.
The monoamine theory of depression as a target to effective pharmacotherapy
Authors: Karabin Tomasz , Biala Grazyna , Kruk-Slomka Marta
Published: June 2023

Depression is one of the greatest current mental disorders. Depressive disorder may affect everyone and it causes difficulties in social functioning and may lead to death via suicide. Depression is a serious problem because number of its cases is increasing, especially after pandemic of COVID-19. The oldest and the most approved theory which explains mechanism of depression’s development is a monoamine hypothesis. Effectiveness of most antidepressant drugs based on this theory. It assumes that the typical symptoms of depression are results of changed concentration of monoamines or incorrect monoaminergic transmission. The aim of this article is to present drugs which have influence on level of biogenic amines and are used in treatment of depressive disorders. Some of those drugs are the first choice in cure of this disease. In spite of adverse effects and often delayed onset of action of pharmacotherapy, it is still the first line in treatment of depression.
Determination of some drugs used against neurodegenerative disorders by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with running buffer containing SDS
Authors: Traczuk Adam , Jaglinska Kamila , Polak Beata
Published: June 2023

In this work, analysis of some drugs used in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders (sulpiride, olanzapine, carbamazepine, trazodone, clomipramine, and pridinol) was achieved through micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The effect of surfactant (sodium dodecylsulphate), acetonitrile, and buffer pH and concentration on the solute retention was also investigated. Successful separation of all compound mixtures was obtained. The method was applied for the quantitative analysis of investigated compounds, and the LOD and LOQ were determined. The LOD values were in the range from 0.0127 mg/mL for clomipramine, to 0.1398 mg/mL for pridinol, while LOQ were in the range 0.0384 mg/mL for clomipramine, to 0.4237 for pridinol. The mode was also applied for the determination of investigated solutes in pharmaceutical prescriptions.
Sustainability of Agroforestry Practices and their Resilience to Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review
Authors: Bogale Girma Asefa , Bekele Solomon Estifanos
Published: June 2023

Agroforestry is seen as a land management technique that can address many of the issues faced by smallholder farmers, such as climate change adaptation and climate change mitigation. Agroforestry helps farmers adapt to extreme weather events, create resilient microclimates for crops and livestock across regions, and help combat climate change. An important role of agroforestry in tackling climate change may be to reduce CO2 emissions by actively sequestering carbon from the atmosphere. Soil stores the largest carbon stock (77%–92%) in agroforestry systems, with trees, herbaceous plants, and deciduous trees absorbing 7%–22% and 1%, respectively. Smallholder farmers in developing countries not only build resilient agroecological systems that actively absorb carbon, but also revert to more natural production systems that provide better ecological and social functions. By doing so, we can prevent climate change. Agroforestry not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions and improves the resilience of agricultural landscapes, but also can contributes to climate change mitigation and adaptation by promoting species migration to more favorable conditions and carbon sequestration. Climate projections could see production declines in much of sub-Saharan Africa, exacerbating food insecurity among citizens.
Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers’ Attitudes Towards Integrated Soil Fertility Management: Case Study of the Wanka Watershed, Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Abera Wondwosen , Assen Mohammed , Budds Jessica
Published: June 2023

This paper explores factors influencing smallholder farmers’ attitudes towards integrated soil fertility management (ISFM). ISFM is paramount to improve soil fertility for sustainable agricultural productivity, especially in contexts where smallholder agriculture is an important local livelihood and economic activity, as in many countries of the Global South. Alongside the development and availability of new technologies to enhance soil fertility, smallholder farmers’ attitudes towards these innovations in specific contexts are key to determining the extent and outcomes of their uptake. A better understanding of these is thus essential to inform measures to increase ISFM practices among smallholder farmers.

This study aimed to assess farmers’ attitudes towards ISFM and the factors that determined them based on a case study of the Wanka watershed, northwestern Ethiopia, a major cereal-producing area. Using a mixed methods approach, data obtained from a household survey (146 respondents), focus group discussions, and key informant interviews were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a multiple regression model.

The findings revealed that the attitudes of smallholder farmers towards ISFM in the study area were generally positive, as they considered ISFM compatible with agronomic principles and important to increase agricultural productivity sustainably. The extent of farmers’ farming experience, the length of time of applying chemical fertilizer, the number of livestock, and the size of plots were found to be significant predictors of attitudes towards ISFM. The study concludes that considering these factors can better inform interventions designed to enhance farmers’ choice of ISFM technologies for improved soil fertility management and sustainable crop production in the study area and other contexts.
Factors affecting mentoring services - cross-national perspective
Authors: Rollnik-Sadowska Ewa , Ryciuk Urszula , Glińska Ewa , Bartkute-Norkuniene Vaida , Jodiene Rasa , Sprudzāne Sandra , Zvaigzne Anda , Marzano Gilberto , Jecheva Veselina
Published: June 2023

The research aims at the identification of factors influencing mentoring services with a particular emphasis on the country of origin of the mentor and the mentee. The quantitative research was conducted in four Central and Eastern European countries, i.e., Bulgaria, Poland, Latvia and Lithuania and one Southern European country, Italy. The implemented methodology covered Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and reliability analysis, which were performed to identify factors influencing the process of communication in the mentor–mentee relationship. Moreover, to diagnose statistically significant differences between individual countries in terms of factors influencing the effectiveness of communication, the Kruskal–Wallis H Test and the Mann–Whitney U Test, as well as pair-wise comparisons, were used. Factors influencing communication in the mentor–mentee relationship are mentor traits, mentor’s personal background, mentor’s professional background, non-verbal communication channels, communication barriers, written communication channels, online communication, quality of content and the ability of content processing by the mentee. There are differences in the perception of individual factors in the analysed countries. So far, no cross-country comparison has been conducted of factors influencing mentoring services. As a direction for future research, more detailed research can be recommended concerning factors of the mentoring process in such countries as Lithuania, Latvia and Italy by developing separate models (or EFA) for mentors and mentees.
Lecturers’ attitude towards the use of e-learning tools in higher education: A case of Portugal
Authors: Fonseca Manuel José , Garcia Jorge Esparteiro , Vieira Bruno , Teixeira Andreia Sofia
Published: June 2023

This study aims to assess the lecturers’ opinions about the use of e-learning tools to support distance and blended learning in higher education in Portugal, evidently reinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was based on a qualitative methodology, specifically, a focus group with professors from five higher education institutions from different geographical areas in Portugal. The obtained results were analysed along four main dimensions: (1) the level of knowledge of e-learning tools, (2) the reasons for using or (3) not using them, and, finally, (4) the opinion of lecturers on the student assessment process using these tools. The results showed that in addition to the concerns with smooth running classes and the appropriate delivery of the syllabus, the lecturers considered the transition to the e-learning context to have been easy. They noted a high level of literacy in the used tools, believed in the continued use of e-learning in the post-pandemic context, indicated several advantages for those involved in the e-learning context and a majority of limitations related to the time required for the adoption of more tools; and, finally, underlined the student assessment issue, which was pointed out as the most sensitive topic in the whole e-learning context. The study informed on the lecturers’ perspective on e-learning and the used tools and provided insight into their perceived usefulness and benefits for lecturers and students. An especially strong concern was verified on the part of lecturers to optimise e-learning tools to provide better knowledge delivery to students.
Vegetation and Annex I habitats of a suburban river in southern Tuscany (central Italy): remnants of plant diversity or need for restoration?
Authors: Fanfarillo Emanuele , Fiaschi Tiberio , Castagnini Paolo , de Simone Leopoldo , Angiolini Claudia
Published: June 2023

Using vegetation as a bioindicator in urban and degraded areas is an effective way to assess the status of the environment. In this work, we present the results of a phytosociological investigation of a suburban river and of its surroundings in southern Tuscany (Bestina river and its tributary Bestinino in Asciano, Province of Siena). By means of 94 phytosociological relevés, we identified 34 plant communities belonging to the 17 classes. Six habitats included in the 92/43/EEC Directive, plus two habitats recently proposed for inclusion, were identified, as well as one habitat of regional interest. The study revealed that, despite the high levels of human disturbance, aquatic and herbaceous riparian vegetation is still well-preserved, though mostly represented by stress-tolerant communities. On the contrary, most of the vegetation types not being directly linked to the river dynamic are in poor conservation status. Despite this, some habitats of community interest were detected even in non-riverine sites. Our work provides the basic knowledge for future restoration of the Bestina river and of its surroundings, wished by the Tuscany Region.
Clinical Signs and Behavior in Dogs with Hypothyroidism
Authors: Mitrevska Elena , Celeska Irena , Kjosevski Miroslav , Petrov Elena Atanaskova
Published: June 2023

This descriptive study aims to examine the behavior of dogs diagnosed with hypothyroidism and the potential effect of hormonal treatment. Eight client-owned dogs with clinical hypothyroidism were evaluated using an adapted C-BARQ questionnaire, clinical description, and hematological analysis. Six of the dogs’ behavior was monitored for four months after the treatment initiation. The study found that excitation, whining, and urinating when left alone were frequently observed. Attention-seeking was also a common behavior reported by the owners. The biochemical analysis before the treatment had revealed elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, and alkaline phosphatase levels in the majority of dogs. The study emphasizes the need for prospective studies using a larger sample size to gain further insight into the relationship between hypothyroidism and behavior in dogs. Monitoring changes in behavior over time can provide insight into how thyroid dysregulation may contribute to the onset of certain behavioral patterns. Functional brain imaging and pathohistological brain analysis in dogs with long-term hypothyroidism are also required to confirm the effects of hypothyroidism on canine brain function.
Analysis of the effects of recycling on process control
Authors: Silva Cássio R.A. , Panuci Victor C. , Coutinho Monica R. , Conceição Wagner A.S. , Andrade Cid M.G.
Published: June 2023

The union of different devices in order to obtain a specific response for a process is commonly called a control system. For a control system, it is necessary to have one or more controllers. Among the most used in the industrial sector are the PID and PI controllers. Next to these controllers is the control software. Scilab is a good example of control software. It is characterized as free code software, with no cost for its acquisition, in addition to having a large computational power and integrated tools, such as Xcos, intended for modeling and simulation. For the union with Scilab, there is Arduino. Such a mixture can be used, for example, to control liquid levels in tanks. In this context, the present work aims to study the tank-level control system based on PID and PI controllers through the union between Scilab and Arduino. Phenomenological models were developed based on closed-loop control (feedback control system) of the process with two tanks not coupled with recycle. Furthermore, for comparison purposes, two approaches were used for each process: one considering the saturation of the manipulated variable and the other without the presence of such saturation. At first, there was a need to implement an anti-windup system. For tuning the controller parameters, the ISE method was used, executed through a programming code developed in Scilab. The parameters found for the two systems were tested on a made-up experimental bench. Therefore, using the block diagrams and the method here called “ISE method”, satisfactory values were obtained for the control parameters. These were ratified in the tests carried out in the experimental module. Level control was achieved with greater prominence for the PI controller since there is one less parameter to be tuned and processed by the system. This controller provided results close to the PID controller for cycles up to 50%. In general, the PI controller showed maximum response deviations smaller than the PID, such as deviations of 1.55 cm and 2.40 cm, respectively, for the case with 75% recycle. It was also clear the influence of the saturation of the manipulated variable on the system response, but not on the tuning of the controller parameters.
Biopolymers based paper coating with promoted grease resistivity, bio-degradable and mechanical properties
Authors: Wenelska Karolina , Kędzierski Tomasz , Maslana Klaudia , Sielicki Krzysztof , Dymerska Anna , Janusz Joanna , Marianczyk Grzegorz , Gorgon-Kuza Aleksandra , Bogdan Wojciech , Mijowska Ewa
Published: June 2023

The dominance of plastics in the packaging market is due to their low weight and thickness, which save transportation costs. However, their non-biodegradability poses a significant threat to the environment. Paper, on the other hand, is considered as a safer alternative due to its natural composition and biodegradability. The porous structure of paper limits its application in packaging, and its poor water resistance further restricts its use in humid environments. Therefore, lamination is a method useful tool to improve the barrier properties of paper. Additionally, the researchers are focusing on developing biodegradable and water-based coatings with anti-fat properties as a green alternative to plastic packaging. The impact of a new grease-resistant coating composed of starch, gelatin and sodium alginate on the mechanical properties of paper was investigated through tensile, tearing, and bursting strength tests. The results showed significant improvements in the mechanical properties of the coated paper sheets. Furthermore, the biodegradability test indicated that the paper samples coated with the new composition showed a 50% weight loss after one week of incubation in the soil, and after three weeks, they exhibited 100% weight loss, demonstrating their outstanding biodegradability.
Dehumanization and Humanization in the Context of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0
Authors: Czifra György , Molnár Zsolt , Mĺkva Miroslava , Szabó Peter
Published: June 2023

Germany is considered in literature to be a cradle of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Industry 4.0 has been topical and awidely accepted term worldwide. Countries at the forefront of industrial development have invested significant resources in research, development and strategic initiatives to introduce Industry 4.0 technologies. On the tenth anniversary of the launch of Industry 4.0, the European Commission developed and published the Principles for the Industry 5.0 Strategy, which will lay the foundations for further economic and industrial development. The article presents the results of research based on a critical analysis of the literature and surveys, conducted among representatives of German society.
Virtual Training for Effective Education of Employees
Authors: Máchová Mariana , Michulek Tomáš , Dulina Ľuboslav , Krajčovič Martin , Gašo Martin , Kolny Damian
Published: June 2023

The article deal with the problem of choosing an effective software tool for developing virtual trainings. The Ella platform as an innovative solution for creating of virtual training is presented. In the introductory part of the article, the Ella platform is presented as the result of our development. Ella is an integrated software ecosystem as a basis of multiple software applications focusing on the design and analysis of internal e.g. logistics, monitoring, and simulation of automotive logistics assets, and safety systems, etc. This article is focused on virtual training using the Ella platform. Furthermore, the article provides an example of virtual training that has already been carried out, with the Ella platform used in the preparation.
Analysis of Indoor Air Quality in a Kindergarten
Authors: Stiborova Petra , Badurova Andrea , Skotnicova Iveta
Published: June 2023

Today in addition to the design of structures, layout solutions, and the design of suitable materials, the modern construction industry also addresses meeting the requirements for the energy performance of a building, with which the topic of the quality of the indoor environment is fully intertwined. Comfort in the use of buildings, and especially the provision of thermal comfort, is a fundamental aspect in the design of technical equipment systems, where a properly selected system regulating the indoor environment can affect b oth t he e nergy p erformance o f t he building and the quality of the indoor environment. One of the important factors is the air quality, where the main factor that af-fects the indoor environment is the concentration of CO2, whose value affects the biological functions of the human organism. The subject of this research is an evaluation of the indoor air quality in a kindergarten because children are more sensitive to environmental influences.
Experimental Investigation of the Performance of Buried Flexible Pipe in Reinforced Sand
Authors: Fattah Mohammed Y. , Zbar Bushra S. , Al-Kalali Hala H. M.
Published: June 2023

The experimental work of this study deals with the performance of pipe in sand with various responses subjected to incremental static loading where the backfill is reinforced with two types of reinforcement (geogrid and geocell) to investigate the effects of backfill cover. The pipes considered are installed in sand with different densities; i.e., loose, medium and dense sand, and a constant burial depth (2D, where D is the pipe diameter). It was concluded that the maximum deformation occurs at the crown of the pipe. The deformation increases when the sand density decreases. For a burial depth equal to 1.5 D, the maximum strain on the pipe crown increases by about 22.5% when the sand changes from dense to medium and 36.8% when it changes from dense to loose. The vertical stress above a pipe buried in loose sand is reduced by 8.3% when the geogrid width is 2B where B is the footing width, while it is equal to 22% when the geogrid width is B. When a geocell is used, the percent reduction is equal to 62%. The percent reduction in the vertical stress above a pipe buried in medium sand is about 28% when the geogrid width is 2B and 40% when the geogrid width is B and equal to 68% when the geocell is used.
Subglottic Tracheal Stenosis, Resection, And Reconstruction: A Case Report
Authors: Campar Branko , Klepetko Walter
Published: June 2023

Post-intubation stenosis are the most frequent indications for tracheal resection and reconstructions. They are mostly caused postintubation inflated cuff and after distal tracheostomy. 16- year-old female was admitted to thoracic surgery department, General hospital Vienna with the diagnosis of an impossible weaning with a tracheostomy in place. The pre-operative bronchoscopy and MSCT of the neck evaluation revealed a total occlusion of the trachea below the cricoid arch and reaching distally to the level of the tracheostomy (total length approx. 3cm) by means of an acquired tracheostomy-associated tracheal stenosis (Myer-Cotton IV°). The distal trachea was unaffected. Thus, the indication for a surgical repair was set. Tracheal resection through a cervical incision was performed. The pre-existing tracheostomy as well as the stenotic segment was resected (resection length approx. 3.5cm) and a cricotracheal end-to-end anastomosis was performed. Subglottic resection of the trachea is rare, if conducted a good selection of patients performed precise surgical procedures with the support of anesthesia is considered by some to be the procedure of choice for the treatment severe (>70% luminal obstruction).
Image and Laboratory Aspects of Carotid Atherosclerosis
Authors: Peycheva Marieta , Deneva Tanya , Zlatareva Dora , Zdravkova Tina , Chervenkov Lubomir , Harizanova Zdrvaka
Published: June 2023

Carotid atherosclerosis is a main risk factor for ischemic stroke. Plaque instability is determined by the morphological characteristics of the plaque and can be characterized by immunological biomarkers. The study aimed to examine the connection between serum levels of hs-CRP, fibrinogen, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and carotid atherosclerosis and the different types of atherosclerotic plaques imaged by ultrasound and magnetic resonance. The study involved 120 patients with carotid atherosclerosis and 33 patients without carotid atherosclerosis. Blood samples were collected to analyze the serum level of hs-CRP, fibrinogen, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. The ultrasound analysis included detection of atherosclerotic plaques in the internal carotid arteries, measurement of artery stenosis in percentage and determination of plaque types by the classification of Gray-Weales/Gerolacus. A small subset of 30 patients with carotid atherosclerosis performed 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Atherosclerotic plaques were classified into 8 types based on the modified MR classification of the American Heart Association. Significantly higher serum levels of hs-CRP (p <0.001) and fibrinogen (p = 0.018) were observed in patients with carotid atherosclerosis compared to patients without atherosclerosis. Criterion values for hs-CRP > 4.13mg/l and for fibrinogen > 3.6 g/l were associated with the presence of carotid plaques with accuracy of 70%. No relation was observed between the investigated biomarkers, the artery stenosis and the types of atherosclerotic plaques determined by ultrasound and magnetic resonance diagnostic methods. Hs-CRP and fibrinogen are reliable serum markers whose increased serum concentrations are connected with the presence of carotid atherosclerosis.
O uso de tecnologia de registro distribuído (DLT) na negociação de ações em ambiente de bolsa de valores: análise à luz da legislação do Brasil
Authors: Assumpção Alves Alexandre Ferreira de , Silva Teixeira Leonardo Renne
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho busca analisar os aspectos jurídicos relativos à utilização da tecnologia de registro distribuído, conhecida pela sigla em inglês como DLT, na negociação e pós-negociação de ações em bolsa de valores no Brasil, haja vista a possibilidade dessa tecnologia poder aumentar a eficiência e a economicidade desse ambiente de negociação. Este trabalho partirá da premissa maior de que o uso da DLT aprimora a negociação e pós- negociação de ações nesse ambiente e da premissa menor de que é possível implementar essa tecnologia em bolsa, apesar de inexistirem leis ou atos normativos, no Brasil, que versem expressamente sobre essa possibilidade. Para trazer maior contexto ao leitor, será apresentado explicitada a fase de negociação e pós-negociação de ações em ambiente de bolsa de valores, os detalhes acerca da DLT em si, incluindo a sua dinâmica de funcionamento. Com base nessas constatações, será analisada a possibilidade operacional e a viabilidade jurídica na implementação da DLT em ambiente de bolsa de valores e, na sequência, se essa tecnologia promoverá mudanças estruturais na dinâmica de negociação e pós-negociação de ações.
A lei aplicável à responsabilidade pré-contratual no Direito Internacional Privado da União Europeia
Authors: Marques Ferreira Jéssica
Published: June 2023

No seio da União Europeia, o Direito Internacional Privado das obrigações divide-se em dois grandes instrumentos: o Regulamento Roma I, que procura regular as obrigações contratuais, e o Regulamento Roma II, que procura reger as obrigações extracontratuais. Nos sistemas internos dos diferentes Estados-Membros, é de qualificação difícil a responsabilidade pré-contratual ao nível do Direito material, dificuldade essa que, depois, se repercute no sistema conflitual, surgindo o problema de saber a que regras de conflitos se subsumem as normas materiais atinentes à responsabilidade pré-contratual. O legislador da União Europeia, na senda da jurisprudência do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia, procurou resolver o problema, submetendo esta responsabilidade, aparentemente, ao regime das obrigações extracontratuais. Neste trabalho, procuraremos explicar em que circunstâncias é que as obrigações pré-contratuais ficam sujeitas a esse regime e em que casos é que são reguladas pelo regime das obrigações contratuais. E, quando fiquem sujeitas às regras de conflitos obrigacionais extracontratuais, tentaremos também apresentar e resolver algumas questões que se podem suscitar na aplicação do regime europeu obrigacional extracontratual.