bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕТОДИКА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ПОЗАУРОЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ПРОФЕСІЙНІЙ ОСВІТІ НА ЗАСАДАХ САМООРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: Садовий Микола , Трифонова Олена
Published: November 2024

The article examines the issue of forming methods of extracurricular activities of subjects of training in vocational education institutions based on the self-organizational approach. Acquiring a profession in these institutions is carried out according to the lesson system, which is limited by the curriculum, class schedule, etc. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the importance of the formation of the method of organizing extracurricular educational work in the institution of vocational (vocational and technical) education for the formation of professionally mobile qualities for mastering additional education along with the traditional acquisition of qualifications. In addition to the content of the educational process, vocational (vocational and technical) and professional pre-higher education institutions have accumulated experience in extracurricular educational work. However, studies of the last decade indicate the desire of some students to build their activities more effectively, in particular to acquire an additional education. The problem of creating a method of organizing such training, when the acquisition of an additional education is ensured during extracurricular educational activities, is considered. The definition is given – «extracurricular educational activity for the acquisition of an additional education» is a system of self-organized classes, activities and accordingly organized training of students, which are conducted in schools and outside them under the leadership of the administration, engineering and pedagogical workers, the public, student self-government bodies, etc. It was determined that one of the effective ways of organizing the process in vocational education institutions is the extracurricular educational activity of those seeking additional education. The conditions and features of training are outlined, determined on the basis of the conducted survey of the participants of the educational process in accordance with the existing motivation for training.
Формування компетнтностей і результатів навчання у студентів професійної та технологічної освіти педагогічного спрямування
Authors: Вайнтpауб М. А.
Published: November 2024

Стаття пpисвячeна пpоблeмі професійної підготовки студентів професійної та технологічної освіти у сepeдовищі закладу вищої освіти педагогічного напряму з урахуванням формування їхніх компетнтностей і результатів навчання. Обґpунтовано актуальність і необхідність фоpмування у студентів професійної та технологічної освіти характерних і спільних для них компетентностей під час професійної підготовки. Pозpоблeна модeль формування компетнтностей і результатів навчання у студентів професійної та технологічної освіти педагогічного спрямування. Pозглянуто складові цієї модeлі. Експеримент проводився на основі викладання дисциплін спеціальностей з професійної та технологічної освіти, за допомогою яких формувались визначені на моделі компетентності: інтегральна, загальні та спеціальні (фахові, предметні). Акцeнтовано увагу на зміст споріднених дисциплін та якостях, що спpияють успішному формуванню у студентів визначених компетентностей. Peзультат цієї модeлі допомагає пpостeжити та встановити сучасні кpитepії професійної підготовки у майбутніх фахівців з професійної та технологічної освіти з урахуванням спільних компетентностей і результатів навчання.
Unilateral papilledema: illustrative case
Authors: Villatoro George A. , Pannell Jeffrey S. , Savino Peter J.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is caused by an elevation of intracranial pressure and can present with slowly progressive visual deterioration from bilateral papilledema. Unilateral papilledema is an exceedingly rare phenomenon, and the mechanisms underlying asymmetric optic nerve involvement remain unknown.

OBSERVATIONS

A 42-year-old woman presented with acute left-eye blurred vision and extraocular pain. Examination revealed unilateral left optic disc edema with an enlarged blind spot, while the right optic disc appeared flat. Neuroimaging examination was suggestive of intracranial hypertension, characterized by flattening of the posterior globes and narrowing of bilateral distal transverse sinuses. Increased intracranial pressure was confirmed by lumbar puncture. Acetazolamide and weight loss yielded initial improvement, but recurrence prompted cerebral arteriography, revealing a transstenotic gradient in the right distal transverse sinus and hypoplastic left sigmoid and transverse sinuses with extensive collateralization to the left cavernous sinus. Stenting of the right transverse sinus successfully alleviated the optic disc swelling.

LESSONS

This case highlights the intricate interplay between venous sinus dynamics and unilateral papilledema, underscoring the importance of tailored interventions.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24385
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ХАРАКТЕРУ ДЕФОРМАЦІЙ БУДІВЕЛЬ І СПОРУД ЗА НАПРЯМАМИ ТА ШИРИНОЮ ТРІЩИНОУТВОРЕНЬ
Authors: Гладишев Д.Г., , Гладишев Г.М.,
Published: November 2024

У роботі розглянуто підхід до аналізу впливу на технічний стан будівлі її довготривалу експлуатацію та втручання будівельних робіт нового будівництва на зміну рівноваги напружень та деформацій в основі під її фундаментами, які запроектовані без врахування умов щільної забудови.
ЩОДО НЕОБХІДНОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ДЕФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ МОДЕЛІ В РОЗРАХУНКУ ДЕРЕВ’ЯНИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ
Authors: Гомон С.С., , Гомон П.С., , Гомон Св. Св., , Пугач Ю. В.,
Published: November 2024

Теоретично та експериментально досліджено характер розподілу напружень по висоті поперечного перерізу балок із клеєної деревини в зоні чистого згину з армуванням та без нього. Проведено порівняння змін напружень в стиснутій та розтягнутій зонах в неармованих та армованих зразках від початку завантаження і до руйнування. Виявлено зміни положення нейтральної лінії в розрахунковому поперечному перерізі з початку завантаження і до руйнування, що призводить до неможливості використання в розрахунках геометричних характеристик, зокрема, похідних від площі поперечного перерізу таких як момент опору поперечного перерізу Wy та момент інерції Iy, бо їх визначення завжди базуються на гіпотезі, що нейтральна силова лінія проходить по центру ваги цього перерізу.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСІВ ТРІЩИНОУТВОРЕННЯ В ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ АРКАХ З ВИСОКОМІЦНЬОГО БЕТОНУ НА ДІЮ КОРОТКОЧАСНИХ СТАТИЧНИХ ОДНОРАЗОВИХ НАВАНТАЖЕНЬ
Authors: Караван Б.В., , Караван В.В., , Філіпчук С.В. , Попрожук П.П.
Published: November 2024

Наведена методика та результати дослідження роботи двошарнірної залізобетонної ароки без затяжки з високоміцного швидкотверднучого бетону на дію короткочасного статичного одноразового навантаження. Описані процеси тріщиноутворення в арці. На основі експериментальних даних побудовано графіки залежності ширини розкриття тріщин від навантаження, а також кількості тріщин від навантаження.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ ПРИОПОРНИХ ДІЛЯНОК НЕРОЗРІЗНИХ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ЗА ДІЇ МАЛОЦИКЛОВИХ ЗНАКОЗМІННИХ НАВАНТАЖЕНЬ
Authors: Масюк Г.Х., , Сірочук В.І., , Ющук О.В., , Чорна І.В.,
Published: November 2024

За результатами експериментальних досліджень авторів і інших дослідників в статті наведена оцінка напружено-деформованого стану похилих перерізів приопорних ділянок одно пролітних і нерозрізних залізобетонних елементів за дії малоциклових знакозмінних навантажень і його зміни в залежності від плеча «зрізу» прикладання зовнішніх сил.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИКИ ВІБРАЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ «МАШИНА– СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ» В РІЗНИХ РЕЖИМАХ УЩІЛЬНЕННЯ БУДІВЕЛЬНОЇ СУМІШІ
Authors: Назарено Іван , Запривода Андрей , Слюсар Володимир
Published: November 2024

В роботі приведено результати дослідження процесу витрат енергії за дискретною та континуальною моделлю вібраційного ущільнення будівельної суміші. динаміки вібраційної установки.. Досліджена динаміка руху вібраційної системи «машина – середовище» та визначено параметри коливань із  урахуванням сил опору.
Отримані аналітичні залежності для визначення амплітуди коливань та енергії на коливання машини і ущільнюючої будівельної суміші. Виявлені зони висот стовпа суміші, вібраційна система «машина – середовище» працює в наближеному резонансному режимі. Помітний вплив на амплітуду надає швидкість поширення коливань, яка входить у аналітичні формули визначення числових значень коефіцієнтів, що  враховують реактивні та активні складові опору.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ ЗГИНАНИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ, ПІДСИЛЕНИХ КОМПОЗИТНИМИ МАТЕРІАЛАМИ
Authors: Терешко А.Р., , Бліхарський Я.З.,
Published: November 2024

В роботі представлено результати зміни напружено-деформованого стану залізобетонних балок, підсилених системою композитних високоміцних волокон на основі P.B.O. FRCM. Перевагами даних матеріалів є висока статична і втомна міцність, близький до металу модуль пружності, мала власна вага, відсутність розмірних обмежень і стиків, можливість з’єднання з підсилюваною конструкцією тільки за рахунок клею, короткий термін виконання робіт, низька їх трудомісткість і вартість, а також висока корозійна стійкість, довговічність і надійність, оскільки композити є інертними до агресивних середовищ. При тому, оскільки під час підсилення конструкції деколи складно або неможливо розвантажити, то підсилення дослідних залізобетонних балок виконували при рівна 50% від несучої здатності контрольних непідсилених зразків.
МОДУЛЬНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ДЕРЕВ'ЯНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ
Authors: Гілодо О.Ю., , Арсірій А. М., , Ковтун В. П.,
Published: November 2024

Розроблена технологія виготовлення конструкції сітчастих дерев'яних оболонок з оптимальними параметрами геодезичної мережі та вузловими з'єднаннями елементів за допомогою універсального конектора.
КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ МАРКІЗ ЗА КОНСТРУКЦІЄЮ
Authors: Зданевич В.А., , Кундрат Т.М., , Літніцький С.І., , Пугачов Є.В.,
Published: November 2024

Наведено класифікацію маркіз за конструктивною ознакою. Для кожного типу маркізи  наведені ілюстрації, які показують особливості її застосування, конструкції та функції.
INFLUENCE OF SODIUM GLUTAMATE ON REACTIVE OXYGEN AND NITROGEN SPECIES PRODUCTION IN KIDNEY TISSUES OF RATS UNDER ACUTE DESYNCHRONIZATION AND LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
Authors: Gutnik O.M. , Kostenko V.O.
Published: November 2024

The study investigated the effect of sodium glutamate on the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) in kidney tissues of rats under conditions of acute desynchronization (AD) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammatory response (SIR) and, thus, contributed to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of renal dysfunction under these conditions.
The experiment was conducted on 21 male Wistar rats (210-230 g), randomly divided into three groups: intact animals, a group exposed to AD modeling under LPS-induced systemic inflammatory response (Group II), and a group (Group 3) exposed to AD modeling under LPS-induced systemic inflammatory response, who received sodium glutamate in a dose of 20 mg/kg.
The administration of sodium glutamate significantly increased the generation rate of the superoxide anion radical by 13.8% through microsomal monooxygenases, by 8.7% through the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and by 7.7% through leukocyte NADPH oxidase compared to Group 2. However, sodium glutamate did not affect the total NO synthase activity or the activity of its constitutive and inducible isozymes in the kidney homogenate compared to Group 2. The uncoupling index of constitutive NO synthases in kidney tissues also remained unchanged under the administration of sodium glutamate, but the peroxynitrites were 20.5% higher, and S-nitrosothiols were 11.6% higher, than in group 2.
The findings indicate that sodium glutamate significantly increases oxidative-nitrosative stress in rat kidney tissues under AD and LPS-induced SIR, resulting in excessive ROS/RNS formation.
ETHOLOGICAL AND VEGETATIVE CORRELATES OF EXPERIMENTAL NEUROGENIC STRESS
Authors: Pandikidis N.I. , Maslova N.M. , Dunaieva O.V. , Danylchenko S.I.
Published: November 2024

The study aimed to comprehensively investigate the ethological and vegetative mechanisms involved in the development of experimental emotional stress, establish the relationship between these correlates, and identify an indicator or group of indicators with prognostic value for the occurrence of cardiac dysfunction under neurogenic stress conditions.
Materials and Methods. The study presents the results of research on the ethological and autonomic correlates of emotional stress in 254 sexually mature male Wistar rats, using the "afferent excitation conflict" model.
Results. Heart rhythm was studied electrocardiographically as an autonomic correlate of emotional stress. The results of the research have shown that ethological and vegetative reactions that perform regulatory and adaptive functions are constant and natural correlates of emotional stress states. The data obtained allow us to note that animals of all three typological groups responded to the onset of stress with a tendency to increase heart rate.
Prolonged exposure to the conflict situation was associated with a return of heart rate to baseline values in animals of groups I and II, and a significant decrease in heart rate in animals of group III. Qualitative analysis of the variation curves showed that vagotonic (right position of the variation curve – right graph) prevailed in animals of group I before stress exposure, and sympathotonic (left graph) regulatory influences on the sinus node prevailed in the animals of group III. The onset of stress exposure led to a leftward shift of the variation curves in animals of all groups. However, in animals of group I, this shift was accompanied by a widening of the variation curves (83%), and in animals of group III – by a narrowing (67%).
Conclusion. As a result of the studies, four types of heart rate changes were identified during prolonged (3-hour) exposure to stress. A correlation was established between the ethological and typological characteristics of the animals and the occurrence of cardiac rhythm disorders. In animals with a high frequency of cardiac arrhythmias under stress, there was also an increased influence of the sympathetic nervous system on the sinus node, accompanied by a decrease in heart rate variability. Animals with a high frequency of cardiac arrhythmias under stress also showed an increase in the influence of the sympathetic nervous system on the sinus node but with a decrease in heart rate variability.
PHYSICAL REHABILITATION FOR YOUNG MEN WITH GRADE I AND II OBESITY
Authors: Latohuz Serhii , Latogoose Yuri , Maslo Victor , Biletska Olga , Sushetska Alina
Published: November 2024

The goal of this study is to study the role of exercise and dietary modification in the treatment of obesity in young men.
Materials and methods. A study was conducted with 10 young men aged 25 to 30 who had a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 30 kg/m², indicative of obesity. The primary intervention combined diet therapy with increased physical activity. Most participants also had obesity-related comorbidities, including arterial hypertension, autonomic-vascular dystonia, type II diabetes, and spinal osteochondrosis. Patient motivation was considered crucial in program development, and thus only individuals with a high motivation level were selected for participation.
Results and discussion. Based on data from dynamic observations, we can state that the physical therapy program studied has a positive effect on body weight reduction in cases of mild forms of alimentary obesity. After three months of participation, an average weight loss of 8.5% was observed, which represents a very favorable outcome. The results indicate that physical exercises combined with dietary adjustments positively influence weight loss dynamics in young men with grade 1 alimentary obesity. Weight loss occurred most rapidly during the first month of the program.
Conclusion. The physical therapy program for grade 1 obesity involves a comprehensive approach, combining physical exercises conducted in a medical rehabilitation department with a specially designed dietary plan. This program is recommended for individuals with mild forms of alimentary obesity and a body mass index (BMI) up to 35 kg/m². After three months of implementing this approach, participants showed an average reduction in excess body weight of 8.5%. This physical therapy program may be effectively used for managing grade I obesity.
EXPERIENCE IN ORGANIZING STUDENT RESEARCH CLUB FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors: Kramar S.B. , Nazarova D.I. , Pkhakadze I.D.
Published: November 2024

The relevance of this article is underscored by recent legislative changes in Ukraine, including the “Higher Education Law” and the “Law on Scientific and Technical Activity”, which have increased focus on integrating research into the educational framework of higher education institutions. These laws emphasize the need for a symbiotic relationship between higher education and scientific research, particularly in the training of medical students. They mandate new standards for the structure and objectives of scientific research activities within these institutions, encouraging the development of clear research agendas, updated educational resources to foster relevant competencies, and environments that support effective research endeavors. Cultivating a research-oriented professional requires concerted effort starting from the very beginning of a student’s academic journey. Broadening the engagement of medical students in Student Research Club activities is essential. Through participation in Student Research Club, students gain proficiency in navigating scholarly sources, acquire fundamental research skills, learn to apply theoretical knowledge in clinical contexts, and develop the ability to bridge theory with practice. Encouraging medical students to participate in professional competitions, conferences, and symposia at various levels is of great importance as well. Such activities hone public speaking skills, teach students how to engage and retain an audience, and prepare future healthcare professionals to be confident and persuasive communicators. Professional mentorship is vital for Student Research Club members. Faculty involvement, the guidance of Student Research Club advisors, scientific mentors, and leadership from the Student Research Club team are all critical to cultivating the research skills of emerging medical scientists. This article outlines the strategies implemented by the Department of Human Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy, and Operative Surgery at Dnipro State Medical University to engage early undergraduate students in scientific research.
FRAGMENTED THIGH INJURY: TREATMENT WITH PREBIOTICS, NANOPARTICLES, AND CELL THERAPY
Authors: Ivanova Yu.V. , Gramatiuk S.M. , Vyun S.V. , Myasoyedov K.V. , Vyun T.I.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of staged local treatment of an infected mine-explosive wound using a gel containing Bacillus spp., cerium oxide nanoparticles, and cell therapy.
Object and Methods. The article presents a clinical case demonstrating the effective staged treatment of a 57-year-old patient with a fragmentary fracture of the right femur and a large purulent wound of the right thigh. The patient underwent Ex-fix rod-type femur-tibia stabilization and resection of a post-traumatic aneurysm of the right superficial femoral artery. In the first stage of treatment, two sessions of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) were applied, with pressures ranging from 75-115 mm Hg and a session duration of 4-5 days. In the second stage, local treatment involved a combination of antiseptics and probiotics (Bacillus spp.) alongside cerium oxide nanoparticles. By the 7th day, the eradication of pathogenic microflora was achieved, allowing for the third stage of treatment—application of autologous mesenchymal stem cells.
Results: The treatment of combat trauma has become increasingly relevant in Ukraine and globally due to its complexity and the rising proportion of multiple and combined injuries, which account for 25-60% of cases. Infectious complications occur in 25% of combat trauma cases and are responsible for 70% of related deaths. Most structural and functional disorders associated with wound infections develop at the time of injury, intensify over time, and require immediate surgical intervention, improvements in local treatment methods, and new approaches for wound closure.
Conclusions: The use of a combination of probiotics and NPWT therapy led to a rapid reduction of the inflammatory process. Clinical observations showed accelerated wound cleansing from fibrin and necrotic tissue. The combined treatment significantly reduced the size and depth of wound due to the formation of active pink granulation tissue (observed by days 8-9) and marginal epithelialization by days 10-13. During this period, no pathogenic flora were detected, allowing for the subsequent application of autologous mesenchymal stem cells. This treatment approach reduced the need for antibacterial drugs and prevented the need for additional surgical interventions. The inclusion of cerium oxide nanoparticles was an effective enhancement for cell transplantation, facilitating stem cell delivery and contributing to the treatment of large wounds.
PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS OF SENIOR ADOLESCENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION UNDER WARTIME STRESS CONDITIONS
Authors: Koval O.A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Researchers have always paid close attention to an educational problem of the formation and the role of psychological readiness of adolescents and students for studying at higher education institutions. After the start of a large-scale Russian military invasion in February 2022, this aspect has become particularly acute and relevant. The aim of this reveiw article is to examine the role of key subsystems of psychological readiness among students in higher education institutions under the influence of wartime conditions.
Materials and methods. Based on professional review articles, this study examines the primary factors shaping a psychological readiness of an individual for higher education. The importance of this work is heightened by the ways in which these processes are significantly altered—and in some cases, become multi-complementary—under the conditions of the Russian military invasion. The study draws on psychological research conducted by leading scientists, focusing primarily on findings from the past five years.
 Results. The psychological readiness of first-year students for studying at higher education institutions is closely tied to their psychological adaptation to new academic conditions. This readiness is crucial for shaping graduates into professionally skilled specialists equipped to work in relevant sectors of the national economy. Research indicates that developing psychological adaptation of students is not feasible without a foundational intellectual component of psychological readiness established in earlier stages. This foundation promotes students’ creativity, the formation of self-concept („I” concept), and heightened resilience to the challenges of studying in higher education during extreme wartime conditions. Without this structure of psychological readiness, achieving higher education becomes virtually unattainable. The next important component of the system of psychological readiness of adolescents for studying at higher education institutions is personal readiness. This is a rather complex and complementary system of individual knowledge and skills. It solves practical issues of optimizing the receipt and processing of information by a adolescent, as well as readiness to discuss the achieved results with peers, the importance of these processes for the formation of self-awareness of young men and women. The third important component of university students’ psychological readiness is the operating system. First of all, this concerns not only the issues of mastering professional knowledge and technologies, but also the ability to use them in the practical professional activities of students, and later adults.
Conclusion. Thus, the psychological readiness of adolescent students significantly enhances their ability to succeed in higher education. It fosters greater adaptability and resilience, particularly under the challenging conditions of wartime, supporting students in navigating their studies more effectively.
THE ROLE OF INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TROPHIC PATHOLOGIES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES AND THEIR REGENERATION UNDER TYPE 2 DIABETES (PART 1)
Authors: Levchuk N.I. , Kovzun O.I. , Tronko M.D.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. This review article addresses the critical issue of the development and regeneration of chronic trophic ulcers in the context of type 2 diabetes. This pathological process is associated with inhibited cell proliferation, impaired differentiation of various cell types, and disrupted mechanisms that regulate cell death. An analysis of recent scientific literature also highlights the involvement of key intracellular signaling pathways in the development of chronic ulcerative pathologies of the lower extremities, as observed in both experimental animal models and patients with type II diabetes. Despite advancements, this issue remains insufficiently explored in both theory and practice, underscoring its ongoing relevance.
The aim of this study is to identify the roles of key signaling pathways—transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase (PI3K/Akt), and Wnt/β-catenin—in the inflammatory response, regenerative mechanisms, and healing processes of soft tissue damage and trophic ulcers in experimental animals and patients with type II diabetes.
Materials and Methods. This study is based on an analysis of current scientific literature that addresses this topic.
Results. It has been found out that changes in the content and activity of key molecules of signaling pathways lead to disruption of carbohydrate homeostasis and the occurrence of structural and functional dysfunction in damaged tissues against the background of type II diabetes. These include TGF-β, PI3K, Akt and β-catenin. Analysis of experimental data demonstrated that both under the conditions of type II diabetes development and in the occurrence of chronic ulcers of the lower extremities, against the background of this endocrine disease, there is an increase in the level of TGF-β. At the same time the activity of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the above-mentioned studied groups was reduced. The relationship between the development of type II diabetes and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been established. Suppression of its activity was accompanied by impaired regeneration of chronic trophic ulcers in type II diabetes.
Conclusion. Thus, the mechanism of type II diabetes and chronic peptic ulcer disease, in the same pathology, is associated with a impaired activity of signaling cascades. This concerns the following cellular systems such as TGF-β, PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin. They can be considered as potential therapeutic targets for the development of newest methods for the treatment of chronic trophic ulcers in type II diabetes in order to accelerate the recovery process of volumetric tissue damage of the lower extremities.
ANXIETY SYNDROME IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH OBESITY AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Lazurenko V.V. , Zhelezniakov O.Yu.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Over the past three years, the population of Ukraine has faced chronic stress due to ongoing military actions within its borders. In current conditions, psychoemotional disorders in patients with somatic pathology are often underestimated, with physiological states being confused with pathological anxiety. This oversight can lead to ineffective treatment, worsening patient conditions, and negative prognoses. As a result, the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety syndrome, particularly in pregnant women with both obstetric and extragenital pathology under chronic stress, is a pressing issue in modern obstetrics.
The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of anxiety syndrome in pregnant women of the Kharkiv region with obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus during martial law.
Materials and methods. To achieve the objective of this study, 85 women aged 24 to 39 years were examined at 30–42 weeks of pregnancy. The main group consisted of 63 pregnant women with obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus, further divided into three clinical subgroups: the first group included 24 women with gestational diabetes mellitus, the second group comprised 16 women with pre-pregnancy obesity, and the third group consisted of 23 women with both gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity. The control group included 22 women without somatic or obstetric pathology. The GAD-7 questionnaire was used to assess the overall level of anxiety.
Results and discussion. All participants answered the questionnaire with scores of 2–3 points, indicating significant anxiety levels, as total scores reached 14 points or higher. Notably, the average anxiety scores in the groups with gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus with obesity were similar—16.5±2.3, 17.9±1.8, and 17.6±2.5, respectively— and were significantly higher than those of the control group, which averaged 4.4±2.6 (p < 0.05). Thus, all women in the main group (63 pregnant women) exhibited clear signs of anxiety, including irritability (95.2%), restlessness (79.4%), inability to relax (74.6%), and anticipation of dreadful events (66.0%). These symptoms were more pronounced in women with obesity compared to those with gestational diabetes mellitus without obesity.
Conclusion. Under martial law conditions, pregnant women with comorbidity of gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity exhibit a significantly higher level of anxiety compared to women with a physiological pregnancy, although the latter also experience anxiety disorders, but to a lesser degree. Assessing anxiety disorders in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity using the GAD-7 scale enables timely detection of these issues, even remotely. This facilitates appropriate referrals to specialists such as psychologists, psychotherapists, or psychiatrists, and allows for the early initiation of necessary therapy.
AGE-RELATED CHARACTERISTICS OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE INCIDENCE IN UKRAINE: A TWO-CENTER STUDY
Authors: Zhurba O.O. , Lazoryshinets V.V. , Rudenko A.V.
Published: November 2024

Purpose of this study is to investigate the age-related characteristics of the incidence of coronary heart disease in Ukraine, considering sex differences.
Materials and Methods: The study included patients with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery on a beating heart (n = 3,674), comprising 3,061 males and 613 females. The average age of the participants was 60.6 ± 0.8 years. The analysis was based on data obtained from primary medical documentation, including medical histories, anamnestic information, and extracts from patients’ outpatient cards. The research design categorized participants by age group according to the World Health Organization age classification and by sex.
Results: The article presents the incidence rates of coronary artery disease based on patient age groups, classified according to the World Health Organization, and sex. The distribution of patients by age groups was analyzed while considering sex, and the frequencies and average ages of the patients were determined. It was found that the incidence of coronary artery disease was highest among the most prevalent age groups in Ukraine's population: middle-aged and elderly patients. The frequency of early postoperative mortality was 0.6%, and it correlated with age-related incidence rates of coronary heart disease. Notably, early postoperative mortality was significantly higher in age groups with the highest incidence of coronary heart disease, specifically among middle-aged and elderly patients (p = 0.03, χ² = 4.69).
Conclusions: In this retrospective two-center study of patients with coronary heart disease, it was determined that male patients were affected five times more frequently than female patients. The most common age groups for patients with coronary heart disease were identified as middle-aged and elderly. Early postoperative mortality following coronary artery bypass surgery on a beating heart was found to be 0.6%, with the highest rates observed in elderly (54.6%) and middle-aged (31.8%) patients. The frequency ratios demonstrated statistical significance favoring elderly patients (p = 0.03, χ² = 4.69). The frequency of early postoperative mortality was significantly higher among male patients (p = 0.0001, χ² = 40.33).
IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY AND REACTIVE RESPONSE OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD NEUTROPHILIC GRANULOCYTES IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 DEPENDING ON THEIR BLOOD GROUP
Authors: Sokolenko M.O. , Sydorchuk L.P. , Sokolenko L.S. , Sokolenko A.A.
Published: November 2024

At the onset of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a potential link between ABO blood type and susceptibility to the disease was reported. The evidence supporting this link is strengthening as the volume and quality of research expand. Recently, interest has shifted from merely examining susceptibility to exploring the severity of the disease and the immune response characteristics of patients in relation to their blood groups.
Objective: to investigate the immunological reactivity and reactive response of peripheral blood neutrophilic granulocytes in patients with COVID-19 patients based on their blood group.
Materials and methods. This prospective study included 198 patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia of mild, moderate, and severe degrees. The cohort comprised 50.51% (100) men and 49.49% (98) women, with an average age of 54.18 ± 7.25 years (range: 18 to 80 years). The distribution of blood groups according to the ABO system was as follows: 0 (I) - 37.37% (74 patients), A (II) - 37.37% (74 patients), B (III) - 18.18% (36 patients), and AB (IV) - 7.07% (14 patients).
The immunological reactivity and reactive response of neutrophilic granulocytes were assessed through the analysis of 14 integral leukocyte indices, including the leukocyte shift index, the ratio of the absolute number of leukocytes to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the lymphocyte-granulocyte index, the lymphocyte index, the index of immunological resistance, and reactivity, among others.
Results. In moderate and severe coronavirus infection, the indices of cellular and total immune reactivity and resistance are significantly lower compared to mild coronavirus infection: 1.35-3.08 times (p≤0.042-0.001) for resistance, 2.02-3.87 times (p<0.001) for reactivity, respectively, showing the highest activity among them in the owners of blood group 0 (I), with significantly lower values for A (Ⅱ), B (Ⅲ) and AB (Ⅳ) group variants by 3.94-19.10%. Whereas, with increasing severity of the disease, the reactive response of neutrophilic granulocytes, on the contrary, increases significantly compared to the mild degree: in moderate disease by 43.79-87.62% (p≤0.018-0.005), in severe disease by 1.62-2.11 times (p≤0.012-0.001), with the highest average value in AB (Ⅳ) blood group owners – by 46.69-68.44% (p≤0.017-0.005).
Conclusions. The highest index of immunological reactivity is observed in individuals with blood group AB (IV) experiencing a mild clinical course of the disease. Conversely, the lowest index of immunological reactivity is found in patients with blood group A (II) who have a moderate clinical course. Additionally, the reactive response of neutrophilic granulocytes significantly increases in patients with a severe clinical course, with the highest average value recorded in those with blood group AB (IV).
PECULIARITIES OF ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS AND PREDOMINANCE OF PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM ACTIVITY
Authors: Batig I.V.
Published: November 2024

The use of orthodontic treatment for patients with generalized periodontitis enhances the effectiveness of comprehensive care. However, it is important to consider the reduced capacity for alveolar bone regeneration in these patients. Therefore, as part of the complex treatment of generalized periodontitis, the inclusion of medications to support alveolar bone regeneration is essential. The course of various diseases can be influenced by the state of the patient’s autonomic nervous system. In this study, medications were administered to normalize parasympathetic nervous system activity in patients with generalized periodontitis undergoing orthodontic treatment. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment in patients with generalized periodontitis, particularly those with a predominance of parasympathetic autonomic nervous system activity. This was assessed by the supplementary use of a combination of drugs designed to stimulate alveolar bone formation and regulate parasympathetic nervous system function.
Materials and methods. This study involved 35 young patients (aged 18-35) with generalized periodontitis and a predominance of parasympathetic autonomic nervous system activity, all of whom presented with displacement of the maxillary frontal teeth. These patients underwent orthodontic treatment. To correct the state of the autonomic nervous system over the treatment of generalized periodontitis, patients were prescribed to take a complex of medicines including the preparation “Calcinova” for stimulating osteogenesis. A comprehensive periodontal examination, including the assessment of hygienic indices, was conducted to evaluate periodontal status throughout the treatment.
Results. The periodontal examination revealed that almost all patients demonstated an improvement in oral health. Noticeable dynamics in the pathological process were observed as a result of the complex treatment. The analysis of these findings underscores the importance of orthodontic treatment for patients with generalized periodontitis, particularly when combined with methods to correct parasympathetic nervous system activity and promote osteogenesis. This approach was shown to positively affect periodontal tissues and enhance the effectiveness of generalized periodontitis treatment.
Conclusions. Correction of parasympathetic autonomic nervous system function enhances the effectiveness of therapy. In this study, a complex of medications was used to improve parasympathetic nervous system activity. The addition of “Calcinova” to stimulate osteogenesis further contributed to achieving more stable treatment outcomes in patients with generalized periodontitis.
TUDY OF CHRONIC TOXICITY OF AN IMPROVED A-SILICONE IMPRESSION MATERIAL PRODUCED IN UKRAINE
Authors: Bugaiev V.Y.
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential toxic effects of an improved A-silicone impression material with decorative properties on the organs and mucous membranes of laboratory animals.
Materials and Methods The experiment was conducted on white laboratory rats aged 9 months and weighing 230–285 g. Findings indicate that prolonged contact (30 days) with the material does not result in significant changes in the function of major organ systems in these laboratory rats.
Results. A single exposure of laboratory rats to A-silicone impression material with disinfectant properties did not cause significant changes in the physiological state of the animals. Weights of internal organs, including the liver, spleen, heart, and adrenal glands, remained within normal limits, indicating that the material had no toxic effects. The analysis of the peripheral blood composition did not reveal any abnormalities in the number of red blood cells, leukocytes, hemoglobin and other cellular components. The functional state of the liver and kidneys, including the activity of the enzymes AlаT and AсаT, levels of total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea, remained stable and did not change under the influence of the material. There was also no effect on carbohydrate metabolism. No abnormalities in protein synthesis and nitrogen excretion functions were detected, which confirms the safety of the material during the 30-day observation.
Conclusion. It was established that this material in the tested dose does not affect the enzyme-synthetic function of the liver and does not exhibit cytolytic effects. The material was found to have no toxic impact on liver function with prolonged use, nor does it cause statistically significant deviations in the measured indicators between the control and experimental groups. The absence of sugar, ketones, and protein in the urine indicates no adverse effect on the renal nitrogen-excreting and saluretic functions, as well as on the vital organs of the rats.
Jeopark ve jeoturizm konulu çalışmaların bibliyometrik analizi
Authors: Gül Melike , Villi Bilge
Published: November 2024

Kitle turizminin olumsuz etkilerinin hissedilmesiyle birlikte günümüz insanında çevre bilinci ve doğal, kültürel değerler üzerinde farkındalık anlayışı artarak alternatif turizm türlerine ilgi oluşmuştur. Bu kapsamda ortaya çıkan jeoturizm faaliyetleri, sürdürülebilir turizm anlayışı ile gerçekleşen kırsal turizm ve eko turizm gibi turizm çeşitlerinin bir uzantısı olarak görülmektedir. Jeoturizm alternatif turizm türleri arasında oldukça talep alan bir turizm çeşidi olmaya başlamıştır. Çalışmanın amacı dünyada jeoturizme yönelik yapılmış olan araştırmaların eğilimlerinin bibliyometrik olarak incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla, 2003 ile 2024 yılları arasında yapılmış olan jeoturizm ile ilgili çalışmalar “jeopark” ve “jeoturizm” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak Scopus veri tabanında taranmıştır. Veri toplama işlemlerinde; araştırmanın başlığı, yayınlandığı yıl, yayınlayan derginin ismi, yazar adları ve atıf sayısı gibi bilgilerden yararlanılmıştır. Metin verilerinin analizinde VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılarak doğruluk ve güvenilirlik sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuçların daha anlaşılır hale gelmesi için veri görselleştirme yöntemleri (bubbles maps) ve metin madenciliği gibi tekniklerden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda yıllar itibariyle “jeopark” ve “jeoturizm” konusuna yönelik yapılan araştırmaların nitelik ve niceliğinde, atıf sayısında nasıl bir değişim olduğu ve araştırmaların hangi ülke ve kurumlarda daha ağırlıklı yayınlandığı tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Çalışmanın jeoturizm konusunda geleceğe yönelik eğilimleri ve farklı bakış açılarını ortaya çıkararak bundan sonra yapılacak çalışmalara rehberlik edeceği öngörülmektedir. Literatür incelendiğinde “jeopark” ve “jeoturizm” alanında yapılan araştırmalara yönelik herhangi bir bibliyometrik analiz çalışmasının olmadığı, bu nedenle bu alandaki boşluğu dolduracağı düşünülmektedir.
Küreselleşme sürecinde turizmde kriz türlerine ilişkin çalışmaların bibliyometrik analizi
Authors: İstanbullu Dinçer Fatma Füsun , Dinçer Mithat , Özdemir Akgül Seda , Cabi Bilge Ayşe
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada turizmde kriz türleri ile ilgili yapılan araştırmaların yıllara göre ve ülkelere göre dağılımları incelenerek çalışmaların genel perspektifinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada turizm alanında krizlere yönelik yapılan çalışmaların ağırlığını ve yönelimini incelemek amacıyla bibliyometrik analizden yararlanılmıştır. Scopus veri tabanı kullanılarak “kriz” ve “turizm” terimleri başlık, özet ve anahtar kelimelerde savaş, pandemi, gıda-hammadde sorunu, terör, çevre sorunları, enerji sorunu, iklim değişikliği, göç, afet terimleriyle ayrı ayrı taranmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, çalışmalar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde pandemiden sonra pandemi ile ilgili çalışmalarla birlikte gıda-hammadde sorunu, iklim değişikliği, çevre sorunları, afet konulu çalışmalarda artış göstermiştir. Ülkelere göre yapılan çalışma sayılarına bakıldığında ilk sıralarda çoğunlukla ABD ve İngiltere’nin yer aldığı görülmektedir. Turizmde kriz türleri ile yapılan çalışmaların ortak anahtar kelimelerinin analizinde en fazla Covid ve Pandemi kelimelerinin kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Kriz yönetimi, afet yönetimi, risk yönetimi, iklim değişikliği, sürdürülebilir kalkınma terimleri de sık geçen kelimeler arasında bulunmaktadır.
Türkiye’de öğretim programlarının uygulanmasında yaşanan güçlüklerle ilgili yayınlanmış tezlerin incelenmesi (2018-2024)
Authors: Uyangör Nihat , Kaya Ramazan
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı 2018-2024 yılları arasında Türkiye’de eğitim bilimleri alanında öğretim programlarının uygulanmasında yaşanan güçlüklerle ilgili hazırlanan tezlerin eğilimlerini belirleyebilmektir. Bu kapsamda Yükseköğretim Kurumu’na (YÖK) ait Ulusal Tez Merkezi’nde yer alan ve 2018-2024 yılları arasında tamamlanmış toplam 72 tez analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analiz edilmesinde betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında kullanılmak üzere bir değerlendirme formu hazırlanmış ve erişim sağlanan tezler bu forma göre incelenmiştir. Formda yer alan alt başlıklar; tez ait bilgiler (yıl, üniversite, eğitim kademesi), kullanılan yöntem ve model, veri toplama araçları ve örneklem/çalışma grubundan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; öğretim programlarının güncellendiği tarih olan 2018 yılından itibaren öğretim programlarının uygulanmasında yaşanan güçlüklerin tespitine yönelik hazırlanan tezlerin en fazla 2019 yılında yayınlandığı, konuyla ilgili 39 üniversitede tez çalışması yapıldığı, tezlerin en çok yüksek lisans düzeyinde olduğu ve en fazla tezin Gazi Üniversitesi’nde (7) üretildiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında tezlerde elde edilen verilerin en çok nitel araştırma yöntemiyle ve öğretmenlerden oluşan örneklem/çalışma gruplarından elde edildiği belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda incelenen tezler, kriterlere göre değerlendirilerek ortak ve farklılaşan sonuçlara çalışmada yer verilmiştir. Öğretim programlarının uygulanmasında yaşanan güçlüklerin tespitine yönelik gelecekte gerçekleştirilecek çalışmalar için araştırmacılara bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
BİST Balıkesir endeksi firmalarının MEREC tabanlı CoCoSo yöntemiyle finansal performans analizi
Authors: Sezgin Arif , Aytekin Sinan
Published: November 2024

Firmaların finansal performanslarının analiz edilmesi başta yatırımcılar, firma yöneticileri, kredi verenler ve profesyonel portföy yöneticileri olmak üzere firmanın mevcut durumunu inceleyip geleceğe yönelik karar verme durumunda olan pek çok piyasa katılımcısının üzerinde önemle durduğu konuların başında gelmektedir. Yatırımcılar performans metriklerini ve raporlarını analiz ederek, piyasa eğilimleri ve endeks kapsamındaki potansiyel fırsatlar hakkında kapsamlı bir anlayışa sahip olabilirler. Buradan hareketle çalışmada, 2021:Q4-2023:Q3 dönemleri arasında BİST Balıkesir Endeksinde (XSBAL) sürekli olarak işlem gören firmaların finansal performansının çok kriterli karar verme teknikleriyle analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Finansal performansın analizinde Piotroski F-skoru, Altman Z-skoru, Piyasa Değeri/Defter Değeri oranı, Firma Değeri/Net Satışlar oranı, Tobin’s Q oranı ve Firma Değeri/Yatırılmış Sermaye oranı olmak üzere 6 farklı kriterden yararlanılmıştır. MEREC yöntemiyle elde edilen kriter ağırlıklandırma sonuçlarına göre 2022:Q1 dönemi haricindeki tüm dönemlerde en önemli kriterin Firma Değeri/Net Satışlar oranı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer kriterler için elde edilen sonuçlar dönemsel olarak değişkenlik sergilemekle birlikte genel olarak incelendiğinde, ikinci önemli kriter Piyasa Değeri/Defter Değeri oranı olurken, en düşük önem ağırlığına sahip kriterin ise sırasıyla Piotroski F-skoru ve Tobin’s Q oranı olduğu görülmüştür. Analiz edilen dönemler için CoCoSo yöntemiyle elde edilen sonuçlara göre en iyi finansal performansa sahip firmaların sırasıyla YAPRK ve GWIND olduğu, buna karşın en düşük finansal performansa sahip firmaların ise BANVT ve BAGFS olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.