bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
4D seismic close-the-loop impacts business decisions at the Okume Complex, Equatorial Guinea
Authors: Nasser Mosab , Gronister Christian , Hay Bill , Amos Chance
Published: May 2017

Time-lapse seismic “4D” close-the-loop (CtL) technology can play a significant role in creating robust static and dynamic models for deepwater reservoirs, as demonstrated by a case study in Equatorial Guinea, West Africa. Initial static and dynamic models for the field were built using well data and seismic attribute volumes, from prestack 3D and 4D simultaneous angle versus offset (AVO) inversions, in conjunction with rock-physics analysis. We then used seismic inversion technology to estimate static and dynamic reservoir properties over the field's life, including porosity, net-to-gross (NTG), and changes in both fluid saturations and pressures. To model changes, we used a baseline and two high-repeat 4D seismic surveys as input to the inversion work. The study shows how the many competing production effects and their combined nonunique 4D signatures posed a serious challenge to achieving history-matched dynamic models consistent with 4D seismic data. However, 4D CtL technology served as a guide for reservoir engineers updating the dynamic model simulations by providing direction and constraints for matching pressures, waterfronts, and gas breakout areas. Moreover, 4D CtL helped refine existing mental sweep models based on historic field performance and available tracer data. Previous models largely matched this data but used some undesirable manual edits in the simulation model. This has allowed for more geologically sound model adjustments, especially to the water-injection strategy, which obtained promising results. A number of targets were dropped based on 4D matched simulation models that showed elevated water saturations with a high chance for early water breakthrough and reduced well recovery. On the other hand, new targets similar to the one in this case study were identified and/or derisked. This successful case study demonstrates the potential of rock physics, especially when integrated with prestack AVO inversion techniques, to produce a set of attributes that accurately explain the time-lapse production effects observed on seismic.
Realizing 4D seismic value on stacked reservoirs in northwest Borneo
Authors: Floricich Mariano , Kiyashchenko Denis , Ang Alison , Field Chris
Published: May 2017

Time-lapse seismic is commonly used today for production monitoring worldwide. However, the experience in southeast Asian clastic reservoirs is more limited than in regions such as the North Sea or Gulf of Mexico. The regional structural complications associated with thin-stacked sands and faulting pose interpretation challenges in addition to unusual time-lapse signals, complex commingled production data, and seismic data holes due to platforms. An integrated approach is presented to use 4D seismic in stacked reservoirs to overcome these challenges. Several successful examples from northwest Borneo (Brunei Darussalam) are presented in which robust 4D signals have been interpreted and used for derisking near-field exploration wells, identifying infill drilling targets, changing well trajectories, supporting hydrocarbon maturation by identifying undrained hydrocarbons, and assessing the quality of static and dynamic reservoir models.
Reservoir-property inversion — A method for quantitative interpretation of seismic-inversion results
Authors: Zhao Zhiyong , Nicholson Frank , Bourne John , Hilterman Fred
Published: May 2017

With improved seismic data quality, prestack inversion has become a routine process for quantitative seismic interpretation. However, direct products from traditional seismic inversion usually are P-impedance (PI), S-impedance (SI), and, in some cases, density. These elastic properties are only an indirect description of subsurface geology. A bridge must be established from inverted PI, SI, and density to more understandable reservoir properties: lithology, porosity, and water saturation. Reservoir-property inversion is a model-based inversion process to transform PI, SI, and density to lithology, porosity, and water saturation. The inversion is performed in two steps: (1) well-log inversion on log data to estimate optimal elastic properties of rock-grain constituents and (2) reservoir-property inversion to estimate reservoir properties from PI, SI, and density. The underlying rock-physics models are the same for both inversions including mass–balance equation, Gassmann equation, Voigt-Reuss-Hill average, and Krief's relationship, or, optionally, the Xu-White velocity model. The solution of the inversion is considered as optimal in terms of minimum misfit of PI, SI, and density modeled with inverted reservoir properties compared to the input PI, SI, and density. The inversion results honor all the interrelationships between various elastic properties, reservoir properties, and rock-grain properties. A limitation of the proposed inversion includes a requirement for lithology with only two solid constituents, such as sand mixed with shale. It also requires a density volume as one of the primary input data for the inversion. Due to the inversion's sensitivity to fluid contents, estimated water saturation in many cases may not be reliable. This paper presents the inversion methodology and the inversion results from a set of modeled data as well as a real case study to demonstrate the inversion's capability.
Professional Development
Authors: Fernando K. John R.
Published: May 2017

When Marilyn Brown, SEG Professional Development advisor, announced the schedule of continuing education (CE) courses planned for the 2016 SEG Annual Meeting in Dallas, Texas, it was my chance to volunteer as an SEG course evaluator for a new course or one scheduled for a five-year review. Brown and Tom Agnew, SEG associate executive director of programs, had a challenge in selecting the courses to host, given the state of the industry and the significant decrease in student enrollment for CE courses. However, both realized the value of CE courses to SEG members and decided to host as many of the originally planned courses as financially possible. I myself was very grateful for the opportunity to attend one of the CE courses, which was a great course by Steve Hill.
Safety and Activity of Varlilumab, a Novel and First-in-Class Agonist Anti-CD27 Antibody, in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Burris Howard A. , Infante Jeffrey R. , Ansell Stephen M. , Nemunaitis John J. , Weiss Geoffrey R. , Villalobos Victor M. , Sikic Branimir I. , Taylor Matthew H. , Northfelt Donald W. , Carson William E. , Hawthorne Thomas R. , Davis Thomas A. , Yellin Michael J. , Keler Tibor , Bullock Timothy
Published: May 2017

Purpose

CD27, a costimulatory molecule on T cells, induces intracellular signals that mediate cellular activation, proliferation, effector function, and cell survival upon binding to its ligand, CD70. Varlilumab is a novel, first-in-class, agonist CD27 antibody that stimulates the CD27 pathway, which results in T-cell activation and antitumor activity in tumor models. This first-in-human, dose-escalation and expansion study evaluated the safety, pharmacology, and activity of varlilumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods

In a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design (n = 25), patients received a single dose of varlilumab (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, or 10 mg/kg intravenously) with a 28-day observation, followed by up to five multidose cycles (one dose per week for 4 weeks), depending on tumor response. Expansion cohorts were initiated at 3.0 mg/kg in patients with melanoma (n = 16) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC; n = 15). Primary objectives were to assess the safety and the maximum tolerated and optimal biologic doses of varlilumab. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical antitumor activity of varlilumab.

Results

Exposure to varlilumab was linear and dose proportional across dose groups. Only one patient experienced a dose-limiting toxicity—grade 3 transient asymptomatic hyponatremia at the 1.0-mg/kg dose level. Treatment-related adverse events were generally grade 1 or 2 in severity. Evidence of biologic activity consistent with CD27 stimulation—chemokine induction, T-cell stimulation, regulatory T cell depletion—was observed at all dose levels. A patient with metastatic RCC experienced a partial response (78% shrinkage, progression-free survival > 2.3 years). Eight patients experienced stable disease > 3 months, including a patient with metastatic RCC with progression-free survival of > 3.9 years.

Conclusion

Dose escalation of varlilumab to 10 mg/kg was well tolerated without identification of a maximum tolerated dose. Varlilumab was biologically and clinically active.
Transcript-specific characteristics determine the contribution of endo- and exonucleolytic decay pathways during the degradation of nonsense-mediated decay substrates
Authors: Ottens Franziska , Boehm Volker , Sibley Christopher R. , Ule Jernej , Gehring Niels H.
Published: May 2017

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) controls gene expression by eliminating mRNAs with premature or aberrant translation termination. Degradation of NMD substrates is initiated by the central NMD factor UPF1, which recruits the endonuclease SMG6 and the deadenylation-promoting SMG5/7 complex. The extent to which SMG5/7 and SMG6 contribute to the degradation of individual substrates and their regulation by UPF1 remains elusive. Here we map transcriptome-wide sites of SMG6-mediated endocleavage via 3′ fragment capture and degradome sequencing. This reveals that endogenous transcripts can have NMD-eliciting features at various positions, including upstream open reading frames (uORFs), premature termination codons (PTCs), and long 3′ UTRs. We find that NMD substrates with PTCs undergo constitutive SMG6-dependent endocleavage, rather than SMG7-dependent exonucleolytic decay. In contrast, the turnover of NMD substrates containing uORFs and long 3′ UTRs involves both SMG6- and SMG7-dependent endo- and exonucleolytic decay, respectively. This suggests that the extent to which SMG6 and SMG7 degrade NMD substrates is determined by the mRNA architecture.
Adotar ou não as novas tecnologias no varejo?
Authors: Junior Henrique de Campos
Published: May 2017

Realidade aumentada, sensores, telas táteis interativas, relógios inteligentes: entenda os benefícios dessas inovações e as melhores formas de implantá-las.
Propósitos e valores: muito além do lucro
Authors: Parente Juracy Gomes , Viotto Marina Henriques
Published: May 2017

Condutas mais éticas e transparentes com os clientes, relações com funcionários de mais confiança e objetivos além dos resultados financeiros são três tendências que já começam a fazer a diferença entre os varejistas de sucesso.
Três grandes desafios para o varejo do futuro
Authors: Morgado Maurício
Published: May 2017

Fundação Getulio Vargas - EAESP
Faro para o negócio
Authors: Botelho Delane , Luca Ramona de
Published: May 2017

Na era digital, varejistas investem no marketing olfativo em lojas físicas para criar uma experiência única e estabelecer maior conexão com o consumidor.
A importância da sucessão nas empresas de varejo brasileiras
Authors: Silva Marcelo
Published: May 2017

Para o crescimento sustentável, é preciso planejar melhor a passagem do negócio para as próximas gerações, em conjunto com o processo de profissionalização.
On the origin of nonequivalent states: How we can talk about preprints
Authors: Neylon Cameron , Pattinson Damian , Bilder Geoffrey , Lin Jennifer
Published: May 2017

Increasingly, preprints are at the center of conversations across the research ecosystem. But disagreements remain about the role they play. Do they “count” for research assessment? Is it ok to post preprints in more than one place? In this paper, we argue that these discussions often conflate two separate issues, the history of the manuscript and the status granted it by different communities. In this paper, we propose a new model that distinguishes the characteristics of the object, its “state”, from the subjective “standing” granted to it by different communities. This provides a way to discuss the difference in practices between communities, which will deliver more productive conversations and facilitate negotiation, as well as sharpening our focus on the role of different stakeholders on how to collectively improve the process of scholarly communications not only for preprints, but other forms of scholarly contributions.
The impact of antihypertensives on kidney disease
Authors: Marquez Diego F , Ruiz-Hurtado Gema , Ruilope Luis
Published: May 2017

Arterial hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are intimately related. The control of blood pressure (BP) levels is strongly recommended in patients with CKD in order to protect the kidney against the accompanying elevation in global cardiovascular (CV) risk. Actually, the goal BP in patients with CKD involves attaining values <140/90 mmHg except if albuminuria is present. In this case, it is often recommended to attain values <130/80 mmHg, although some guidelines still recommend <140/90 mmHg. Strict BP control to values of systolic BP around 120 mmHg was recently shown to be safe in CKD according to data from the SPRINT trial, albeit more data confirming this benefit are required. Usually, combination therapy initiated with an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and commonly followed by the addition of a calcium channel blocker and a diuretic is needed. Further studies are required as well as new drugs in particular after the positive data obtained from new oral anti-diabetic drugs.
The utility of the radionuclide probe in parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Lim MS , Jinih M , Ngai CH , Foley NM , Redmond HP
Published: May 2017

INTRODUCTION

Parathyroidectomy is the definitive treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism but the intraoperative identification of adenomas is challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of a radionuclide probe (RNP) in addition to intraoperative parathyroid hormone ( IOPTH) measurement as an intraoperative diagnostic adjunct in patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients treated between 2004 and 2015 in a university affiliated teaching hospital. Patients were grouped into those with RNP use (RNP+) and those without (RNP-). The primary outcome measure was rate of operative failure, which included false positives. The diagnostic sensitivity and positive predictive value of both RNP and IOPTH were also evaluated.

RESULTS

A total of 298 patients were included in the study, 127 (42.6%) being in the RNP+ group and 171 (57.4%) in the RNP- group. The false positive rate for the RNP+ patients was 1.6% compared with 9.4% for RNP- patients (p=0.006, hazard ratio [HR]: 6.45). The rates of operative failure were 6.3% and 11.7% respectively (p=0.159, HR: 1.97). RNP use had a sensitivity of 92.0% and a positive predictive value of 98.3% compared with 78.6% and 95.2% respectively for IOPTH monitoring.

CONCLUSIONS

RNP use is associated with fewer false positives and reduced operative failure than IOPTH measurement. It also has a higher sensitivity and positive predictive value. RNP use is recommended in centres that have the required facilities.
Mechanical complications of central venous catheterisation in trauma patients
Authors: Odendaal J , Kong VY , Sartorius B , Liu TY , Liu YY , Clarke DL
Published: May 2017

INTRODUCTION

Central venous catheterisation (CVC) is a commonly performed procedure in a wide variety of hospital settings and is associated with appreciable morbidity. There is a paucity of literature focusing on mechanical complications specifically in the trauma setting. The aim of our study was to determine the spectrum of mechanical complications in a high-volume trauma centre in a developing world setting where ultrasound guidance was not available.

METHODS

A retrospective study was performed analysing data from a four-year period at the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service in South Africa.

RESULTS

A total of 178 mechanical complications (18%) occurred in 1,015 patients undergoing CVC: 117 pneumothoraces, 25 malpositions, 18 catheter dislodgements, 14 arterial cannulations, one air embolism, one chylothorax, one pleural cannulation and one retained guide-wire. The internal jugular vein (IJV) approach was associated with a higher overall complication rate than the subclavian vein (SCV) approach (24% vs. 13%, p<0.001). Pneumothorax (73% vs. 57%, p<0.001) and arterial cannulation (15% vs. 0%, p<0.001) were more common with the IJV. Catheter dislodgement (21% vs. 0%, p<0.001) was more common with the SCV. Junior doctors performed 66% of the CVCs and this was associated with a significantly higher complication rate (20% vs. 12%, p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

CVC carries appreciable morbidity, with pneumothorax being the most frequent mechanical complication. The SCV was the most commonly used approach at our institution. The majority of CVCs were performed by junior doctors and this was associated with a considerable complication rate.
Prevalence, management and outcome of traumatic diaphragm injuries managed by the Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service
Authors: D’Souza N , Clarke D , Laing G
Published: May 2017

INTRODUCTION

This audit of traumatic diaphram injury (TDI) from a busy South African trauma service reviews the spectrum of disease and highlights current approaches to these injuries.

METHODS

The Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service (PMTS) has maintained an Electronic Surgical Registry (ESR) and a Hybrid Electronic Medical Record (HEMR) system since January 1st 2012.

RESULTS

A total of 105 TDIs were identified and repaired during the study period. The mean patient age was 30 years (range 15-68 years - SD 9.7). The majority (92.4%) of patients were male (97/105). Penetrating trauma was the leading mechanism of injury (94%). 75 patients sustained a TDI from a stab wound, and the remaining 24 injuries resulted from gunshot wounds. Multiple associated injuries and high morbidity was seen with right diaphragm injury, blunt trauma, gunshot wounds and chronic diaphragmatic hernias.

CONCLUSIONS

TDI is a fairly uncommon injury with a local incidence of 1.6%. It presents in a spectrum from the obvious to the occult. Multiple associated injuries and high morbidity occur following blunt trauma or gunshot wounds, right diaphragm injury and chronic diaphragmatic hernias. Diagnostic laparoscopy offers a diagnostic and therapeutic tool to prevent progression of occult TDI to chronic diaphragmatic hernias.
Sequential scapholunate and volar beak ligament reconstructions with flexor carpi radialis tendon grafts
Authors: Iyengar KP , Matar HE , Durrani M , Loh YC
Published: May 2017

The flexor carpi radialis tendon is considered by many the workhorse tendon in hand and wrist surgery. Some have expressed concerns about altering the mechanics of the wrist by sacrificing part or all of the flexor carpi radialis tendon. We present an interesting case of sequential scapholunate and volar beak ligament reconstructions using a flexor carpi radialis tendon autograft where a slip of tendon was harvested twice within three years, achieving a satisfactory clinical outcome at five years following the initial surgery.
DISTINÇÃO DE GÊNERO PARA FINS DE APOSENTAÇÃO E A TUTELA JURÍDICA DAS PESSOAS TRANSSEXUAIS
Authors: Silva de Freitas Matheus , Barros Vita Jonathan
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo, sustentado nos pilares da hermenêutica constitutional, teoria tridimensional do direito e diálogo das fontes, teve como foco de análise o tema dos direitos previdenciários das pessoas transsexuais, estruturado nos dois primeiros Capítulos através do método dedutivo, analisando o gênero sexual enquanto elemento integrante do estado civil individual da pessoa humana, tal como o conceito, características e repercussão jurídica decorrente da transsexualidade, incluído o estudo acerca do entendimento Jurisprudencial contemporâneo sobre a possibilidade de alteração civil do gênero sexual, e, no Terceiro Capítulo, formulado através do método hipotético-dedutivo, focalizado no objetivo de resolver a problemática do direito a aposentadoria (por idade e tempo de contribuição) dos transsexuais que tenham alterado o seu sexo constante do Registro Civil da Pessoa Natural, e, ao final, trazendo duas soluções que acreditamos sejam aptas, material e formalmente, a resolver a repercussão jurídica previdenciária decorrente da alteração civil do gênero sexual.
OS NOVOS MECANISMOS DE EFETIVAÇÃO DO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À TUTELA JURISDICIONAL EXECUTIVA EFETIVA E TEMPESTIVA PREVISTOS NO NCPC (LEI 13.105/15)
Authors: Silva Jaqueline Mielke
Published: May 2017

A concretização do direito fundamental à tutela jurisdicional efetiva e tempestiva é um dos grandes desafios do direito processual civil contemporâneo. A introdução de mecanismos processuais nos procedimentos executórios que assegurem a realização de direitos se revela como de grande relevância para a realização de direitos fundamentais. Neste aspecto, o NCPC introduziu dois importantes instrumentos: a possibilidade de protesto de decisão judicial transitada em julgada e também a inscrição do nome do devedor nos cadastros do SPC e SERASA. Evidentemente, que esses mecanismos não resolverão o problema da execução civil, mas em muito contribuirão para a efetiva realização do direito fundamental do credor à tutela executiva efetiva e tempestiva.
Presentación
Authors: Baraldi Victoria
Published: May 2017

Presentación
EDITORIAL
Authors: Utama Mahendra P.
Published: May 2017

JSCL edisi ini mengusung tema mengenai konflik dan integrasi sosial, dua realitas yang selalu mengiringi perjalanan sejarah masyarakat di mana pun baik masyarakat skala kecil maupun besar. Konflik dan integrasi juga menjadi isu yang selalu penting di Indonesia. Sejumlah studi yang telah disunting oleh  Colombijn dan Lindblad (2002), Stokhof dan Djamal (2003), dan van Bemellen dan Raben (2011) memuat daftar panjang konflik di Indoneisa pada periode 1950-an hingga 1990-an. Studi-studi itu sekaligus menginspriasi kita untuk melihat kembali narasi besar tentang integrasi bangsa.
Stabreimende Wortpaare in den früheren Werken Hartmanns von Aue: Erec, Klage, Minnesang
Authors: Jeep John M.
Published: May 2017

Building upon recent phraseological studies on Old High and Middle High German texts, the alliterating word pairs in the early works of Hartmann von Aue are catalogued and analyzed philologically, thus contributing to an emerging complete listing of the paired rhetorical expressions through the Early Middle High German period. The first extant courtly Arthurian romance, Hartmann'sErec,a shorter piece of his known asDiu Klage,and a handful of poems he composed are by all indications from the last decade of the twelfth century, despite later manuscript transmission. Each pair is listed, described in the context in which it appears, and compared with any extant pairs from earlier German works. What emerge are insights into the evolution of these expressions, in some cases through centuries. On the one hand, Hartmann employs alliterating expressions that date to the Old High German period, while on the other hand apparently creating new ones. As in findings in earlier texts, pairs recorded on multiple occasions are likely to have been used by other authors. Typical for medieval German texts – when compared to similar modern expressions – is the insight that there is a fair amount of variation concerning the sequence of the alliterating elements and/or the inclusion of morpho-syntactic modifiers such as pronouns, possessives, adjectives, or adverbs. Modern translations of Hartmann's works into German and English show just how varied these phrases can appear in translation. When known, later examples of the alliterating word-pairs are cited, albeit for obvious reasons only in an incomplete fashion. The long-term project is designed to continue to chart the emergence of the early German alliterating word-pairs chronologically.
Les chengyu du chinois : caractérisation de phrasèmes hors norme
Authors: Henry Kevin
Published: May 2017

Whereas Western scholars have been studying polylexical sequences in European languages for a long time, we cannot but recognise that the investigation into Chinese phrasemes, on the other hand, still needs further development: research on idioms is limited to compiling glossaries and adopts an approach more prescriptive than descriptive, while explanations in specialised dictionaries merely give paraphrase meanings, etymology and very few usage examples. Considering the multiplicity of viewpoints and the abundance of confusing terminology that have prevailed in Chinese phraseological studies, it appears crucial to make an assessment. In this article, after a brief review of the literature in China, we will set out on bringing a new light on one type of phrasemes that is generally considered as one of the most representative in Chinese language, namely sizige chengyu – which we will call “four-syllable idioms” or simply chengyu.
How to Improve Adherence to Life-saving Heart Failure Treatments with Potassium Binders
Authors: Lainscak Mitja ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana and Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Published: May 2017

Medications that affect the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) form the mainstay of current heart failure (HF) therapy in patients with reduced ejection fraction. Concerns about the risk of hyperkalaemia have created a significant barrier to optimal RAAS inhibitor therapy in patients with HF, however, and many patients are discontinuing or receiving suboptimal doses of these lifesaving therapies. This has serious health and economic implications due to adverse renal and cardiovascular events. There is therefore an important unmet need for novel therapeutic options for the long-term management of patients with, and at risk for, hyperkalaemia. Two new potassium-binding agents, patiromer and ZS-9, have been shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of hyperkalaemia, as well as the maintenance of normokalaemia, without dose reduction or discontinuation of RAAS inhibitors. In addition, the fast onset of ZS-9 action suggests that it may be useful in the treatment of acute hyperkalaemia. These agents may allow for dose optimisation of RAAS inhibitors for the long-term maintenance and protection of the renal and cardiovascular system.
Ventricular–Arterial Coupling in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Chirinos Julio A , Sweitzer Nancy ,   University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,   Tucson and Arizona Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
Published: May 2017

Measures of interaction between the left ventricle (LV) and arterial system (ventricular–arterial coupling) are important but underrecognised cardiovascular phenotypes in heart failure. Ventriculo-arterial coupling is commonly assessed in the pressure–volume plane, using the ratio of effective arterial elastance (EA) to LV end-systolic elastance (EES) to provide information on ventricular–arterial system mechanical efficiency and performance when LV ejection fraction is abnormal. These analyses have significant limitations, such as neglecting systolic loading sequence, and are less informative in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). EA is almost entirely dependent on vascular resistance and heart rate. Assessment of pulsatile arterial haemodynamics and time-resolved myocardial wall stress provide critical incremental physiological information and should be more widely utilised. Pulsatile arterial load represents a promising therapeutic target in HFpEF. Here, we review various approaches to assess ventricular–arterial interactions, and their pathophysiological and clinical implications in heart failure.
Practical Applications for Single Pill Combinations in the Cardiovascular Continuum
Authors: Iellamo Ferdinando , Werdan Karl , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Rosano Giuseppe , Volterrani Maurizio ,   Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy,   Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy,   Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany,   Department of Hypertension and Diabetology Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,   Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy,   St George’s University of London, London, UK,   Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
Published: May 2017

Despite the availability of new drugs and devices, the treatment of cardiovascular disease remains suboptimal. Single-pill combination therapy offers a number of potential advantages. It can combine different classes of drugs to increase efficacy while mitigating the risks of treatment-related adverse events, reduce pill burden, lower medical cost, and improve patient adherence. Furthermore, in hypertension, single pill combinations include lower doses of each drug than would be necessary to achieve goals with monotherapy, which may explain their better tolerability compared with higher dose monotherapy. Combination therapy is now established in the treatment of hypertension. In ischaemic heart disease, the concept of a preventative polypill has been studied, but its benefits have not been established conclusively. However, the combination of ivabradine and beta-blockers has proven efficacy in patients with stable angina pectoris. This combination has also demonstrated benefits in patients with chronic heart failure.
Biological, botanical and chemical alternatives for the control of blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) diseases
Authors: Hincapié Echeverri Oscar Darío , Saldarriaga Cardona Alegría , Díaz Diez Cipriano
Published: May 2017

In order to control the main diseases that affect blackberries (Rubus glaucus Benth.), a research in which 12 treatments to San Antonio ecotype plants originated in vitro was conducted. These treatments were: 1: Trichoderma harzianum+richoderma koningii (Tropical Fungus), 2: Trichoderma sp. (Bioprotection), 3: Trichoderma koningiopsis (Th003 Trichoderma), 4: Trichoderma asperellum (Th034 Trichoderma), 5: Trichoderma asperellum (T-30 Trichoderma), 6: Trichoderma asperellum (T-98 Trichoderma), 7:Burkholderia cepacia (Botrycid), 8: extract of Swinglea glutinosa (Ecoswin), 9: traditional farming treatments (Mancozeb, Propamocarb), 10: chemical products applications (Mancozeb, Mandipropamida, Carbendazim, Propamocar and Metalaxil+Mancozeb) alternated according to the impact of the disease, 11: chemical products applications alternated with organic products according to the suppliers recommendations and presence of the diseases, 12: absolute control, no treatment was applied to the plants. The applications were carried out every 15 days, each plant was an experimental unit and each treatment was made of five experimental units. 12 treatments were made through a RCBD (randomized complete block design) with three repetitions for a total of 15 experimental units per treatment. The assessments were performed every 8 days, and the variables were: number of healthy and sick fruits/treatment, costs/treatment and gross profit. A variance analysis and a Tukey test 5% were made. The best treatments were T11 (rotation of chemicals with biological products), T10 (rotation of chemical products according to the impact of the disease) and T3 (T. koningiopsis); considering the obtained performance/treatment, treatment cost and profit.
Organic acids to eliminate interference by phosphorus in the analysis of silicon by molecular absorption
Authors: Combatt Caballero Enrique M , Palacio Badel Daniel , Palencia Luna Manuel
Published: May 2017

One of the problems for quantifying the amount of silicon available by molecular absorption is the elimination of chemical interference caused by available phosphorus. The aim of this work was to evaluate different organic acids in eliminating the interference caused by phosphorus in the quantification of available silicon by molecular absorption. The experiments were conducted in the Soil laboratory of the College of Agricultural Sciences at the Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia. For this work, different acids such as tartaric, citric, oxalic and malic were evaluated at two concentrations (0.8 and 1.33 mol L-1). Solutions containing silicon (1 mg L-1) and six concentrations of phosphorus were prepared (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mg L-1). The quantification of silicon was conducted by molecular absorption spectrophotometry using a Perkin Elmer Lambda XLS + at 660 nm. The results were subjected to the LSD tests and contrasts using the R software (Development Core Team, version 3.2.2).The results indicated that the oxalic, citric and malic acids at both concentrations produced lower overestimation of silicon in the presence of the P concentrations 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 mgL-1 than the tartaric acid, which is commonly used as a reference to remove the P interference.
Prática de exercício físico ou esporte dos idosos jovens e longevos e o conhecimento dos mesmos em programas públicos: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2013
Authors: Biehl-Printes Clarissa , Brauner Fabiane De Oliveira , Rocha Josemara De Paula , Oliveira Gabriela , Neris Jéssika , Rauber Bruna , Bós Ângelo José
Published: May 2017

Objective: describe and relate the practice, participation, knowledge and reason of non-participation in programs of exercise or sport offered by government programs to old-adult and the oldest old. Methods: secondary analysis of results of the Brazilian 2013 National Health Survey. We analyzed the frequency of responses to the questions P34 (physical exercise or sport), P47 (knowledge of a public program of physical exercise or sport), P48 (participation in these programs), P49 (reason not to participate in these programs) and P36 (physical exercise or sport that practices more often) in two age groups: old-adult (60 to 79 years) and oldest old (80 or more). The chi-square statistical test was used to verify the distribution considering p<0.05. Results: The study had 9,679 young elderly and 1,498 oldest old. Most Brazilians older-adult 78,9% did not exercise with significant differences between old-adult (77,3%) and oldest old (89,3%). Furthermore, 81,6% did not know the existence of public programs and those who know the vast majority did not participate, 82,6%. The most common reason for non-participation was the lack of interest (39%) and walking is the modality more attractive 58,4%.Conclusions: The study reveals a low compliance of the older-adult in physical exercise or sport practices. This study shows a necessity to publicize and increase the diversity of public programs to encourage the exercise or sport in these people. New studies into the communication mechanisms used in the public network for disclosure of these programs are encouraged.
Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en auxiliares de enfermería
Authors: Londoño Restrepo Johanna , Álvarez Gómez Matilde Ligia
Published: May 2017

Introducción: El consumo de drogas trae consecuencias adversas en todos los ámbitos y se considera un problema de salud pública. El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en auxiliares de enfermería. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, muestra probabilística constituida por 110 auxiliares de enfermería que trabajaban en una institución de salud. La información se recolectó a través de una encuesta que contenía variables demográficas y de consumo, se aplicaron los test de CAGE y de Fagerström. Se calcularon medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión para variables cuantitativas y frecuencias absolutas y relativas para las cualitativas, se realizó análisis bivariado, que estableció la diferencia de proporciones de consumo en vida de sustancias psicoactivas por algunas variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: La mediana de edad fue de 29 años, el 81.8% eran mujeres, el 60% estaban solteras. La sustancia más consumida fue el alcohol con 62.7%, seguido por bebidas energizantes con 28.2% y tabaco 19.1%. Discusión: Igual que en otros estudios las sustancias más consumidas fueron el alcohol y el tabaco, los que más consumieron fueron los hombres. Los motivos para el consumo fueron socializar. Más de la cuarta parte consumieron bebidas energizantes para aumentar el estado de alerta. La prevalencia del consumo de alcohol en vida es menor que la reportada en población general colombiana. Conclusiones: El consumo de sustancias legales e ilegales excepto los sedantes fue menor a las reportadas en población general y semejante a otros estudios en personal de salud.Cómo citar este artículo: Londoño J, Álvarez ML. Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en auxiliares de enfermería. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(2): 1591-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i2.378
Los cuidados intensivos a través de la construcción de relatos en enfermería
Authors: Moyano Gladys Beatriz
Published: May 2017

Introducción: Los relatos constituyen una forma de indagar la construcción de prácticas de lectura y escritura en el aula enfermera de cuidados intensivos. Objetivo: Visibilizar la práctica de lectura y escritura de construcción de relatos en cuidados intensivos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con enfoque cuanti-cualitativo utilizando la investigación acción participativa. La indagación se hace a través de los relatos de estudiantes y el análisis de la propuesta de enseñanza. Se analizan: características de los relatos y particularidades de la propuesta de enseñanza. La muestra fue compuesta por 32 relatos de los participantes. Resultados: La construcción de relatos es una actividad de enseñanza. De la muestra, el 62.5% eligieron la escritura acerca del proceso de prácticas, en la misma proporción narraron un acontecimiento acerca del mismo proceso, mientras que el 37.5% lo hicieron acerca de una situación particular. Todos los participantes desempeñaron diversas acciones, procedimientos y cuidados. Los aprendizajes, reflexiones y significados dan cuenta de conocimientos situados y experiencia. Los cuidados intensivos presentan y desarrollan contenidos para el cuidado del paciente adulto crítico e interpelan a las prácticas desde su propuesta de enseñanza. Discusión y Conclusiones: La lectura mejora la escritura y a la vez permite reflexionar sobre la acción de cuidar. Las competencias de enseñanza-aprendizaje promueven otras indagaciones para profundizar en las prácticas, donde el relato tiene la potencialidad de evocar y narrar sucesos para el análisis desde diversas perspectivas.Cómo citar este artículo: Moyano GB. Los cuidados intensivos a través de la construcción de relatos en enfermería. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(2): 1599-615. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i2.381
Apoyo social y control metabólico en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Arteaga Noriega Aníbal , Cogollo Jiménez Regina , Muñoz Monterroza Dennis
Published: May 2017

Introducción: El apoyo social es un proceso interactivo donde se puede obtener ayuda instrumental, emocional y afectiva de la red social, teniendo un efecto protector sobre la salud y es un amortiguador del estrés que causa una enfermedad. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el apoyo social que perciben las personas con diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 y su control metabólico. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal. Se estableció una muestra de 77 participantes, se midió el control metabólico de la DM con criterio de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) ≤ a 7% y la percepción del apoyo social evaluada por el cuestionario Medical Outcomes Study. Para determinar diferencias entre el apoyo social positivo y negativo y su nivel de compensación de la enfermedad, se realizó un análisis con prueba t-Student para muestras independientes. Resultados y Discusión: Existe mayor percepción positiva de apoyo social en mujeres. El 86.5% de la muestra perciben apoyo social positivo, el 48.6% convive con más de cinco familiares, mientras que en el grupo de apoyo social negativo el 10% no cuenta con ningún familiar. El 73% de apoyo social positivo presentó HbA1c ≤ a 7 y el 85% de apoyo social negativo se encuentra descompensado. Conclusiones: Existe relación entre apoyo social percibido por las personas con DM tipo 2 y el control metabólico. Es necesario en la prestación de servicios de salud humanizados, involucrar al entorno que rodea al paciente para que participe, y conlleve a un mejor afrontamiento y control la enfermedad.Cómo citar este artículo: Arteaga A, Cogollo R, Muñoz D. Apoyo social y control metabólico en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(2): 1668-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i2.405
The ‘Dark Side’ of Technology in Medical Education
Authors: Delgaty Laura , Fisher James , Thomson Richard
Published: May 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Innovation in medical education has almost become synonymous with technology and its use in the field is growing exponentially. The benefits of technology-enhanced learning (TEL) are manifold; however, in this article some of the more contentious, potentially hazardous and oft unexplored aspects of TEL are highlighted - we have termed these the 'dark side' of technology in medical education. To further advance the application of technology in medical education, we contend that academics and educators need to turn their attention to the 'dark side' to complement the traditional focus on breakthroughs and innovation. Shedding light on the 'dark side' of TEL will help educators to develop a more nuanced understanding of the risks and benefits of the technology, that will then facilitate more judicious use of TEL in their teaching. Thus, within this article we outline some key areas for consideration, highlight barriers to exploring these and consider how we might shine a light on the 'dark side' of technology in medical education.
Obesidade e hipertensão em adolescentes e adultos com deficiência intelectual
Authors: Sarı Hatice Yıldırım , Yılmaz Medine , Serin Elif , Kısa Sezer Secgin , Yesiltepe Özlem , Tokem Yasemin , Rowley Helen
Published: May 2017

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as taxas de obesidade e hipertensão arterial em indivíduos com deficiência intelectual. Métodos Este estudo foi realizado com adolescentes e adultos com deficiência intelectual em três centros emIzmir, Turquia. O IMC dos adultos foi determinado de acordo com o Programa de Prevenção e Controle da obesidade da Turquia. O IMC dos adolescentes foi avaliado de acordo com as curvas de percentis de IMC para crianças turcas. Para a avaliação dos níveis de pressão arterial de adultos, foi utilizado o sistema de classificação determinado pela Sociedade Turca de Cardiologia. O diagnóstico da pressão sanguínea em adolescentes é diferente dos adultos. Em termos de idade e sexo, pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica menores que o percentil 90 são considerados normais. Resultados Os valores médios dos adultos foram: altura de 166 ± 0,1 cm, peso de 71,7 ± 1,86 kg, pressão arterial sistólica de 120,8 ± 1,53 mmHg, pressão arterial diastólica de 74,8 ± 1,35 mmHg e IMC de 25,96 ± 5,98. Os valores médios dos adolescentes foram: IMC de 23,02 ± 6,3, pressão arterial sistólica de 117 ± 14,3 mmHg e diastólica de 70 ± 13,8 mmHg. Dentre os adultos, 37,3% estavam com peso normal e 28% estavam acima do peso. A análise do IMC dos adolescentes demonstrou que 46,1% estavam entre o 5ª e 85º percentis, 26,3% encontravam-se acima do percentil 95 e 18,4% estavam abaixo do 5º percentil. Dentre os adultos, 59,8% tinham pressão sistólica ótima e 77,5% tinham pressão diastólica ótima. Conclusão Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que as taxas de obesidade e hipertensão é elevada em adolescentes e adultos com deficiência intelectual e, portanto, estes indivíduos encontram-se em sério risco de desenvolver doença cardiovascular
Biomassa e composição do óleo essencial de manjericão cultivado sob malhas fotoconversoras e colhido em diferentes épocas
Authors: Paulus Dalva , Valmorbida Raquel , Ferreira Sintieli B , Zorzzi1 Ivan C , Nava Gilmar A
Published: May 2017

RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito das malhas fotoconversoras e épocas de colheita no crescimento, produção de biomassa, teor e composição química do óleo essencial de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum var. citriodorum). O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos. Foram estudadas quatro épocas de avaliação (90, 120, 150 e 180 dias após o transplantio) e três malhas fotoconversoras (malha aluminizada, malha vermelha, malha preta e pleno sol), todas com 50% de irradiância. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 4x4, com parcelas subdivididas, no delineamento experimental blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. O cultivo sob malha aluminizada favoreceu o crescimento em altura e diâmetro. Plantas cultivadas a pleno sol resultaram em maior biomassa fresca e seca e maior teor e rendimento de óleo essencial em relação às malhas fotoconversoras. A colheita do manjericão realizada aos 120 dias após o transplantio resultou em maior produção de óleo essencial (0,77 g/planta) e teor de citral (78,26%). O componente majoritário do óleo essencial foi o citral, obtido nas plantas cultivadas sob malha preta (73,25%), aluminizada (72,14%) e pleno sol (71,86%), respectivamente.
A systematic review of food losses and food waste generation in developed countries
Authors: van der Werf Paul , Gilliland Jason A.
Published: May 2017

The objective of this systematic literature review was to compile and assess food losses and waste estimates, from developed countries, across the food supply chain. The methodology involved systematically identifying studies and extracting, compiling and analysing their estimates of food losses and waste. Of the 55 estimates extracted, from these studies, the most (43·6%) were from the consumption (average 114·3 (kg/capita)/year) part of the food supply chain. On average, total food losses and waste were 198·9 (kg/capita)/year. While this review revealed a high degree of variability of estimates and inconsistent trends for the independent variables: scope of food waste, geography and study methodologies; food waste generation, at the consumption part of the food supply chain, was significantly higher for North American compared with European estimates (p = 0·003); and significantly higher (p = 0·030) for indirect than direct estimates. Similarly, total food waste generation indirect estimates were significantly higher (p = 0·035) than directly measured estimates. To improve the accuracy and precision of food losses and waste estimates, additional research is required to develop and implement a bespoke, weight-based and statistically sound methodology for its direct measurement.