bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Gooreng Gooreng Cultural Heritage Project: Preliminary Results of Archaeological Research, 1993-1997
Authors: Lilley Ian , Ulm Sean
Published: August 2017

This paper summarizes the background to, and preliminary results of, archaeological investigations conducted between 1993 and 1997 under the auspices of the Gooreng Gooreng Cultural Heritage Project. The implications of these results are briefly considered before research in progress and future research directions are outlined.
Eurimbula Site 1, Curtis Coast: Site Report
Authors: Ulm Sean , Carter Melissa , Reid Jill , Lilley Ian
Published: August 2017

This site report presents an account of archaeological excavations undertaken at Eurimbula Site 1, a large open midden site complex located in Eurimbula National Park on the southern Curtis Coast, Central Queensland. Excavations yielded a cultural assemblage dominated by mud ark (Anadara trapezia) and commercial oyster (Saccostrea commercialis) and incorporating small quantities of stone artefacts, fish bone and charcoal. Densities of cultural material were found to decrease markedly with distance from the creek. Analyses of excavated material demonstrate extensive low intensity use of the site from at least c.3,200 cal BP to the historical period.
Enhancing Water and Oil Repellency of Teflon Surface By Imparting Micro-Rough Structures Using Simple One-Step
Authors: Khedir Khedir R.
Published: August 2017

In this work, an easy one-step and inexpensive technique of mechanical wet sanding was used to impart micro structures into the Teflon surface that promotes super repellent properties toward water and the two moderate low surface tension organic liquids. Sandpapers with a wide range of grit sizes 60-1000, with associated particle sizes of 256-10 µm, were used to obtain physical modification of the Teflon surface. The roughened Teflon surface with the sandpaper of 400 grit size showed super repellency toward water, glycerol, and ethylene glycol with CAs as high as 158°, 150°, and 142°, respectively, as well as the low sliding angle of less than 2°, 5°, and 15°, respectively. The obtained results and the effect of roughness were explained in terms of both fundamental wetting models of Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter. The effect of a decrease in liquid surface tension on the length scale of imparted geometries and consequent wetting state was also concluded. Finally, the work of adhesion for the tested liquids while on the roughened Teflon surfaces were also determined using both Young-Dupre relation and the liquid’s SAs.
Excitonic Coupled-cluster Theory: Part I, General Formalism
Authors: Liu Yuhong , Dutoi Anthony
Published: August 2017

A shortcoming of presently available fragment-based methods is that electron correlation (if included) is described at the level of individual electrons, resulting in many redundant evaluations of the electronic relaxations associated with any given fluctuation. A generalized variant of coupled-cluster (CC) theory is described, wherein the degrees of freedom are fluctuations of fragments between internally correlated states. The effects of intra-fragment correlation on the inter-fragment interaction is pre-computed and permanently folded into the effective Hamiltonian. This article provides a high-level description of the CC variant, establishing some useful notation, and it demonstrates the advantage of the proposed paradigm numerically on model systems. A companion article shows that the electronic Hamiltonian of real systems may always be cast in the form demanded. This framework opens a promising path to build finely tunable systematically improvable methods to capture precise properties of systems interacting with a large number of other systems.
Excitonic Coupled-cluster Theory: Part II, Electronic Hamiltonian
Authors: Dutoi Anthony , Liu Yuhong
Published: August 2017

Generic equations were presented in a companion article for a variant of coupled-cluster theory that operates directly on fragment excitation coordinates (excitonic CC), and its promise was illustrated on model systems. Three conditions were asserted for the excitonic CC framework to be valid and practicable; these concerned (1) the existence of an appropriate fragment-decomposed complete basis, (2) the existence of single-fragment fluctuation operators referencing that basis, and (3) the existence and complexity of the Hamiltonian resolved in terms of strings of those operators. In this article, we take on these assertions specificially for fragment-decomposed electronic systems, proceeding ultimately to explicit recipes for resolving the Hamiltonian in a systematically improvable manner. Though framed in the context of excitonic CC theory, the derivations here are applicable to the general inter-fragment electron-exchange problem. The number of terms in the exactly transformed Hamiltonian formally scales quartically, but this can be reduced to quadratic within an arbitrary error tolerance. The vast majority of these terms are outside of exchange range and may be decomposed efficiently in terms of single-fragment information.
Лекарственный патоморфоз метастазов рака молочной железы в печень, легкие
Authors: Комендант В. В. , Гандера В. Ф. , Исиков А. П. , Алиева С. О.
Published: August 2017

В статье представлены результаты морфологических исследований препаратов метастазов в легкие и печень 30 пациенток, у которых после проведенного лечения по поводу рака молочной железы диагностировано продолжении болезни – метастатическое поражение печени и лёгких. В 7 случаях проведено иммуногистохимическое исследование – определение рецепторов Ki67 (митотическая активность), р53 (индекс апоптоза, мутированный ген) и Her-2/neu. Результаты показали преимущество внутрилимфатической химиотерапии в лечении прогрессирующего рака молочной железы перед внутривенной химиотерапией.
Предварительные результаты лечения рака правой половины ободочной кишки с использованием полной мезоколонэктомии и D3 лимфодиссекции в Республиканском онкологическом центре им. проф. Г.В. Бондаря.
Authors: Башеев В. Х. , Мутык М. Г. , Балабан В. В.
Published: August 2017

Цель. Оценить непосредственные результаты лечения больных раком правых отделов ободочной кишки, подвергшихся гемиколонэктомии справа с D3 лимфодиссекцией и полной мезоколонэктомией.Материалы и методы. Проанализированы непосредственные результаты использования гемиколонэктомии справа с D3 лимфодиссекцией и полной мезоколонэктомией при злокачественных опухолях правых отделов ободочной кишки у 18 пациентов.Результаты. Полученные результаты анализа 18 гемиколонэктомий справа с D3 лимфодиссекцией и полной мезоколонэктомией позволяют оценить методику операции, как достаточно эффективного вмешательства дающего возможность удаления значительно большего количества лимфатических узлов. Среднее количество полученных лимфоузлов на одного пациента равнялось 40. После анализа полученных данных патогистологического заключения выяснилось, что наличие метастазов в лимфатических узлах вообще выявилось в 50%. Наличие метастазов в апикальных лимфоузлах выявилось в 22,2%. В ближайшем послеоперационном периоде каких либо клинически значимых осложнений не возникло. Однако у двух пациентов отмечалась незначительная лимфорея, еще у одного пациента наблюдалось воспаление послеоперационной раны передней брюшной стенки. Все осложнения относятся к I степени согласно классификации хирургических осложнений Clavien-Dindo. Летальных случаев зарегистрировано не было. Более полная лимфодиссекция обеспечивает радикализм операции и позволяет надеяться на лучшую пятилетнюю выживаемость среди пациентов страдающих раком правых отделов ободочной кишки.Заключение. Использование гемиколонэктомии справа с D3 лимфодиссекцией и полной мезоколонэктомией позволяет эффективно выполнять качественную лимфодиссекцию и резецировать кишку в эмбриональных слоях, удовлетворяя все требования онкологической операции без ущерба непосредственных результатов.
CineViver: o cinema como uma possibilidade para refletir e espaço para se compreender o outro
Authors: Zanini Rejane , Schneiders Patrícia Mallmann , Pegoraro Seris de Oliveira Matos
Published: August 2017

A escrita deste trabalho é resultado de evento promovido no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha, Campus Panambi, e propõe-se a relatar a experiência desenvolvida no ano de 2015 pela Coordenação de Ações Inclusivas (CAI) a fim de provocar discussões a partir da exibição de filmes nacionais com temáticas específicas do campo da inclusão. No denominado CineViver, propôs-se três eventos durante o ano letivo, um por núcleo que compõe a coordenação, NUGEDIS (Núcleo de Gênero e Diversidade Sexual), NEABI (Núcleo de Estudos Afro-brasileiros e Indígenas) e NAPNE (Núcleo de Atendimento às Pessoas com Necessidades Especiais) em atendimento à Lei 13006/2014 que prevê a exibição de pelo menos duas horas de cinema nacional por mês nas escolas. Será feito, nesta escrita, percurso pelo campo do cinema e educação para, a seguir, relatar a experiência vivenciada nos três momentos em que foram exibidos os filmes escolhidos: “A história de todos nós”, “Hoje eu quero voltar sozinho” e “Refugiados na América Latina: a saída é a fuga”. Por fim, serão apresentadas as considerações finais e possibilidades futuras para se trabalhar o cinema na instituição.
Comportamento alimentar e ocorrência de beija-flores em bebedouros artificiais
Authors: Almada Aline de Quadros , Leal Aline Belmonte , Ayres-Peres Luciane
Published: August 2017

A família Trochilidae é representada por beija-flores, caracterizada por aves de pequeno porte que necessitam ingerir grande quantidade de néctar para manter o seu metabolismo ativo em perfeito funcionamento. Porém a garantia do recurso alimentar sofre influencia negativa devido à ação antrópica, com a expansão de grandes centros urbanos, o que acarreta na diminuição de áreas verdes que fornecem alimentação em quantidade suficiente, desta forma, para suprir esse déficit, as aves buscam por alimentação alternativa em bebedouros artificiais. Sendo assim, a presente pesquisa busca identificar a preferência alimentar e ocorrência de Trochilidae em bebedouros artificiais em Alegrete/RS. Para atingir tal objetivo o estudo foi realizado em duas etapas, em ambas, nove bebedouros artificiais foram distribuídos em três pontos de inserção, 2,5m distantes entre si. Durante a primeira etapa do estudo buscou-se identificar a preferência alimentar entre soluções diferentes, água pura e água com adição de 20% de açúcar, de acordo com o resultado obtido a segunda etapa visou a identificação da preferência alimentar em concentrações diferentes de açúcar, sendo ofertados recipientes contendo água com adição de 5%, 10% e 20% de açúcar. Foram realizadas 60 horas de observações fazendo uso da técnica animal focal, identificando a presença de três espécies de beija-flores, Chlorostilbon lucidus, Heliomaster furcifer e Florisuga fusca, que apresentaram preferência por soluções com maior concentração de açúcar, ou seja, 20%. Tal fato deve ser em ocorrência da necessidade de manter seu metabolismo ativo sem que seja necessário entrar o torpor noturno para equilibrar suas reservas energéticas.
Aplicação do método AHP na seleção de ferramentas BPMN utilizando o software matemático Octave: Um estudo de caso
Authors: Stoll Thiago Depoi , Alves Amanda , Parizi Rafael Baldiati
Published: August 2017

Este artigo apresenta uma comparação multicritério entre três ferramentas BPMN, através da aplicação do método matemático Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Para que fosse possível realizar a multiplicação entre matrizes utilizou-se a ferramenta Octave, cujo processo será descrito nesse trabalho, que tem por finalidade principal auxiliar na escolha de uma ferramenta que conduza ao melhor desempenho na modelagem dos processos de negócios. Para este estudo, a implementação do método AHP apresentou-se benéfica, pois possibilitou a priorização e justificativa da escolha de ferramenta BPMN de forma concreta e baseada em dados discretos.
DESKRIPSI KESULITAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DAN FAKTOR PENYEBABNYA DALAM MEMAHAMI MATERI LISTRIK DINAMIS KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 BENGKAYANG
Authors: Nofitasari Ira , Sihombing Yuliana
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan kesulitan belajar peserta didik dan faktor penyebabnya dalam memahami materi listrik dinamis kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Bengkayang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah teknik pengukuran dengan soal tes, dan teknik komunikasi tidak langsung dengan angket respon. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Kesulitan yang dialami peserta didik dengan kriteria tinggi yaitu pada sub pokok bahasan Hukum Kirchoff dengan persentase sebesar 71,42 % dan energi serta daya hantar listrik dengan persentase sebesar 63,68 %, sedangkan untuk sub pokok bahasan dengan kriteria cukup tinggi yaitu pada sub pokok bahasan Hukum Ohm dan hambatan suatu konduktor dengan persentase sebesar 58,03 %, arus, tegangan, dan hambatan listrik dengan persentase sebesar 53,35 %, rangkaian resistor seri dan paralel dengan persentase sebesar 53,57 %.;(2) Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan peserta didik mengalami kesulitan yaitu faktor intern dan ekstern. Faktor intern yaitu kurangnya minat dan motivasi belajar peserta didik, sedangkan faktor ekstern yaitu kurangnya variasi media dan metode pembelajaran.
Managing forestry outside forests
Authors: Baral Sushim Ranjan
Published: August 2017

No abstract available.
Management of Dalbergia sissoo in farm conditions using different pruning intensities
Authors: Kafle S.K. , Dixit P.M.
Published: August 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Dynamics of forestry extension: experiences of implementing community forestry in Nepal
Authors: Gautam Krishna Hari
Published: August 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Growth performance of Dalbergia sissoo provenances of Nepal and Pakistan
Authors: Joshi R.B. , Thapa H.B.
Published: August 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Quantitative estimation of potential fatty-oil bearing wild plants of Central Nepal
Authors: Baral Sushim Ranjan , Acharya Nabin
Published: August 2017

Abstracts on the PDF
Effect of biochemical fertilisers on reforestation of difficult sites
Authors: Dutta I.C.
Published: August 2017

Abstract on the PDF
Investigating the Effects of Reserved Lanes for Autonomous Vehicles on Congestion and Travel Time Reliability
Authors: Talebpour Alireza , Mahmassani Hani S. , Elfar Amr
Published: August 2017

Autonomous vehicles are expected to influence daily travel significantly. Despite autonomous vehicles’ potential to enhance safety and to reduce congestion, energy consumption, and emissions, many studies suggest that the system-level effects will be minimal at low market penetration rates. Introducing reserved lanes for autonomous vehicles is one potential approach to address this limitation because these lanes increase autonomous vehicles’ density. However, preventing regular vehicles from using specific lanes can significantly increase congestion in other lanes. Accordingly, this study explored the potential effects of reserving one lane for autonomous vehicles on traffic flow dynamics and travel time reliability. A two-lane hypothetical segment with an on-ramp and a four-lane highway segment in Chicago, Illinois, was simulated under different market penetration rates of autonomous vehicles. Three strategies were evaluated: ( a) mandatory use of the reserved lane by autonomous vehicles, ( b) optional use of the reserved lane by autonomous vehicles, and (c) limiting autonomous vehicles to operate autonomously in the reserved lane. Policies based on combinations of these strategies were simulated. It was found that optional use of the reserved lane without any limitation on the type of operation could improve congestion and could reduce the scatter in a fundamental diagram. Throughput analysis showed the potential benefit of reserving a lane for autonomous vehicles at market penetration rates of more than 50% for the two-lane highway and 30% for the four-lane highway. Travel time reliability analysis revealed that the optional use of the reserved lane was also significantly beneficial.
Improving Urban Street Network Efficiency by Prohibiting Conflicting Left Turns at Signalized Intersections
Authors: DePrator Anthony J. , Hitchcock Owen , Gayah Vikash V.
Published: August 2017

The accommodation of left turns at signalized intersections plays a significant role in the overall operational efficiency of urban traffic networks. Allowing left turns in traditional ways (such as implementing protected, permitted, and protected–permitted phasing schemes) reduces available intersection capacity but provides vehicles the most direct routing options to reach their destinations. Prohibiting left turns allows simpler phasing plans but requires vehicles to travel longer distances. This paper uses macroscopic performance measures to quantify and compare the efficiency of urban grid networks when various left-turn treatments, including left-turn prohibitions, are implemented. The findings reveal that prohibiting left turns generally increases a network’s maximum trip completion rate, especially when trips are not very short; however, left-turn prohibitions reduce efficiency in very light or heavy traffic conditions. A dynamic strategy is proposed: left turns are allowed only during light traffic or heavy congestion and are prohibited for moderate congestion levels near capacity. This strategy allows the network to operate at the highest efficiency possible for any traffic accumulation. This strategy is identified and tested with analytical and simulation investigations of idealized grid networks. The results provide insight into how more realistic networks might be managed to maximize efficiency by changing only how left turns are treated at signalized intersections.
Cellular Automata–Based Modeling and Simulation of a Mixed Traffic Flow of Manual and Automated Vehicles
Authors: Yang Da , Qiu Xiaoping , Ma Lina , Wu Danhong , Zhu Liling , Liang Hongbin
Published: August 2017

In recent years, automated vehicles have been developing rapidly, and some automated vehicles have begun to drive on highways. The market share of automated vehicles is expected to increase and will greatly affect traffic flow characteristics. This paper focuses on the mixed traffic flow of manual and automated vehicles. The study improves the existing cellular automaton model to capture the differences between manual vehicles and automated vehicles. Computer simulations are employed to analyze the characteristic variations in the mixed traffic flow under different automated vehicle proportions, lane change probabilities, and reaction times. Several new conclusions are drawn in the paper. First, with the increment of the proportion of automated vehicles, freeway capacity increases; the capacity increment is more significant for single-lane traffic than for two-lane traffic. Second, for single-lane traffic flow, reducing the reaction time of the automated vehicle can significantly improve road traffic capacity—as much as doubling it—and reaction time reduction has no obvious effect on the capacity of the two-lane traffic. Third, with the proportion increment of automated vehicles, lane change frequency reduces significantly. Fourth, when the density is 15 < ρ < 55 vehicles/km, the addition of 20% automated vehicles to a traffic flow that consisted of only manual vehicles can decrease congestion by up to 16.7%.
Exploring the Role of Social Media Platforms in Informing Trip Planning: Case of Yelp.com
Authors: Bou Mjahed Lama , Mittal Archak , Elfar Amr , Mahmassani Hani S. , Chen Ying
Published: August 2017

Understanding how travelers make mobility decisions has always been central to transportation studies. The growing availability of information and communication technologies in everyday life and their role in conveying more recent, relevant, and customized information have substantially changed the context within which trip decisions are made. Whether travelers are actively seeking pretrip information or merely surfing the web, they have access through social media to user-generated information that may affect their mobility decisions. This study forms an exploratory step in understanding how one such social media platform, Yelp.com, designed to allow users to review and rate their experiences at any visited business, can serve as an information source for activity and trip planning in the pretrip process. In particular, the study explored ( a) the relative depth, ( b) the sentiment associated with, and ( c) the type of information in transport-related reviews on Yelp.com. This research has implications for the study of travel behavior in a highly connected environment and can inform efforts to design information and communication technology tools aimed at affecting behavior.
Analysis of the Impact of Technology Use on Multimodality and Activity Travel Characteristics
Authors: Astroza Sebastian , Garikapati Venu M. , Bhat Chandra R. , Pendyala Ram M. , Lavieri Patrícia S. , Dias Felipe F.
Published: August 2017

Smartphone ownership and use are becoming increasingly prevalent around the world. However, little is known about the impacts of this technology on activity travel choices. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which smartphone ownership and use influence activity travel demand, after controlling for other lifestyle and demographic attributes. The impacts of smartphone ownership and use on multiple travel dimensions were examined through the specification and estimation of a joint model system that explicitly accounts for self-selection effects arising from lifestyle preferences (such as green lifestyle propensity and technology savviness). Specifically, the impacts of smartphone ownership and use on the following choice dimensions were estimated: ( a) use of multiple modes of transportation, ( b) pursuit of complex trip chains with a large number of intermediate stops, ( c) engagement in tours that have a recreational activity, and ( d) participation in joint tours that involve an accompanying person. Travel survey data from the 2014–2015 Puget Sound (Washington) Regional Travel Study were used. The results show substantial and statistically significant effects of smartphone ownership and use on activity travel patterns, even after controlling for lifestyle preferences. Smartphone ownership and use were found to increase the likelihood of using multiple modes of transportation and participating in complex tours, joint tours, and recreational tours.
Exploring Daily Rhythms of Interpersonal Contacts: Time-of-Day Dynamics of Human Interactions with Latent Class Cluster Analysis
Authors: Lee Jae Hyun , Davis Adam , Yoon Seo Youn , Goulias Konstadinos G.
Published: August 2017

This study used activity-travel diary data to analyze the time-of-day dynamics of interpersonal contacts and examined their complex relationship with other activity-travel time allocation and personal accessibility dynamics. In total, 2,942 activity-travel diaries from 1,471 participants were used to identify five unique patterns of daily human interaction, with latent class analysis. Latent classes for the time-of-day dynamics of time allocation to activities and the time-of-day dynamics of experienced business employment density are also estimated independently and correlated with the five human interaction patterns. The analysis used a form of multinomial regression model (also called a three-step model in latent class analysis) to examine these relationships and to test the association of human interaction patterns and external explanatory variables simultaneously. Strong correlation was found between interpersonal contact patterns and activity participation patterns, along with day of the week, gender, and age. Other sociodemographic indicators and business employment density only partially explain these dynamics.
Analysis of Car Type Preferences Among Students Based on Seemingly Unrelated Regression
Authors: Belgiawan Prawira Fajarindra , Schmöcker Jan-Dirk , Abou-Zeid Maya , Fujii Satoshi
Published: August 2017

Vehicle type purchase intentions are interesting from a marketing point of view, because car manufacturers are competing to attract potential buyers. Furthermore, from the point of view of transport planners as well as the government, there are environmental concerns. This study focused on students’ intention to purchase different types of vehicles. The study obtained a sample of 1,229 students from seven countries, to understand cultural differences in preferences. The dependent variables were intention to buy cars in different categories, including hybrid and electric cars. The aim was to explain intentions with three categories of explanatory variables: psychological aspects, sociodemographics, and site-specific dummy variables. To account for correlation between the dependent variables, the analysis used seemingly unrelated regression. The study found that attitudinal factors are significant, particularly for the intention to buy more environmentally friendly types of vehicles; the paper discusses policy implications. The study observed the importance of the symbolic-affective value of a car in explaining car type preferences, as well as the importance of awareness of the negative effects cars might have on the environment and society. It is suggested that these findings can be used to promote more environmentally friendly cars.
Gender, Clinical Presentation And Risk Factors in Acute Coronary Syndrome under 45 years A Comparison Study
Authors: Moniruzzaman Md , Malik Fazila Tun Nesa , Islam Md Saiful , Sakib Md Annaz Mus , Chakraborty Soumen
Published: August 2017

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a common cause of disability and death, and when it happens in young individuals, it causes more social and economic disadvantages. Gender differences have been identified in nearly every aspect of cardiovascular disease including acute coronary syndrome. Several studies reported differences between men and women in the clinical presentation & risk factors of acute coronary syndromes.Methods: In this observational analytic study a total 115 patients (75 males and 40 females) under 45 years presenting with acute coronary syndrome were enrolled to see the gender differences in clinical presentation and risk factors.Results: The mean age in males was 36.6±4.8 years and in female 39.0±3.8 years. Chest pain was the main presenting complaints in both sexes but atypical presentation was significantly higher in females. Smoking was the most common risk factor in males and hypertension & diabetes were significantly higher in females. Females mostly diagnosed as Unstable Angina and NSTEMI and males as STEMI.Conclusion: There are significant differences between males and females in respect to clinical presentation and risk factors in acute coronary syndrome under 45 years of age.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 620-622
Thyroid Stimulating Hormones (TSH & hCG) and thyroid functions in normal pregnancy
Authors: Rahman Md Hafizur , Chowdhury Mahbub Ara
Published: August 2017

Hormonal changes and maternal demands during pregnancy result in marked changes in maternal thyroid activity. It has been suggested that the thyrotropic effect of hCG in pregnancy increases thyroid activity in addition of thyrotropic effect of TSH. To compare the serum levels of thyroid stimulators (hCG & TSH) and thyroid hormones (T3 & T4)) in normal pregnant women and thus to clarify the role of hCG & TSH on thyroid function in pregnancy, we measured serum hCG, TSH, total T3 & T4 and free T3 & T4 concentrations in the serum samples of 32 pregnant women in their different trimesters and in the serum samples of 22 non-pregnant normal female control. Serum total T3 & T4 were significantly elevated throughout pregnancy in comparison with controls. Free T4 level was elevated at 1st trimester but reduced in 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The free T3 levels were remained unchanged throughout pregnancy and no significant change in pregnancy than non pregnant control. Serum TSH levels were significantly lower at 1st trimester compared to 2nd and 3rd trimester of the pregnancy. Serum hCG levels were highest in 1st trimester. We conclude that hCG, as a weak thyroid stimulator, causes moderate increase in free thyroid hormone levels in 1st trimester which in turn causes a moderate reduction in TSH levels in early pregnancy.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 623-626
Relationship Between Peritoneal Closure At Primary Caesarian And Adhesion Formation" A Retrospective Observational Study And Personal Experience.
Authors: Sultana Mst Atia , Shahnewaj Kh , Islam Md Saiful , Roy Bimol Chandra
Published: August 2017

The aim of this study was to find out the adhesion formation after closing of parietal peritoneum at primary caesarean section done in different indications; the patients were admitted in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College & Hospital, a rural tertiary hospital in Bangladesh. In this study total 872 pregnant women were evaluated in 4 years period, who were admitted either from OPD or through emergency. Most of the caesarean sections were done due to elective causes. After the primary caesarean section, the repeat caesarean section was done in the same hospital by same surgeon within these time period and observed that there was no or few filmy adhesions were formed. So it was evaluated that, objectively to accept this step that is peritoneal closure in our operation procedure to reduce peritoneal adhesion formation.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 627-630
Aetiological and Clinical Pattern of Severe Anaemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Md Azizul , Akhter Khaleda , Islam Md Daharul , Ali Syed Mohammad Monowar , Rahman Md Zillur , Haque Md Shariful , Azhar MA
Published: August 2017

Background: Anaemia is a common health problem encountered in our day to day medical practice. It occurs in every age groups, in both sexes in every communities and all countries.Objective: To find out the aetiological pattern and clinical profile of severe anaemia for prompt diagnosis an droper management.Materials and Methods: The prospective study was carried out in different Medicine unit at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH), Rajshahi on consecutive 100 hospital admitted patients having severe anaemia. All underwent routine and some special investigations for severe anaemia.Results: Peak age incidence was 20-29 years (38%) and sex incidence was male (68%). Most of the patients were farmers (38%). Common monthly income group was >2000-5000 (48%). Incidence of severe anaemia was aplastic (26%), leukaemia (24%), haemolytic (22%), anaemia of chronic disorder (10%), iron deficiency anaemia (9%) and anaemia of chronic renal failure (9%). Peak age incidence for aplastic anaemia was 20- 29 years (42.3%), for leukaemia 14-19 years 33.3%), for haemolytic anaemia 14-19 years (50%), for anaemia of chronic disorder 20-29 and 30-39 years (30% each), iron deficiency anaemia 40-49 years (44.5%) and for anaemia of chronic renal failure 30-39 years (33.3%).Conclusion: Multicentre study with large sample size is warrented to develop more insights about diagnosis and management of severe anaemia.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 631-636
Pregnancy in an Infertile Woman with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Islam Md Imtiajul , Ali Md Zulfikar , Hoque Sayama
Published: August 2017

Introduction: The most common cause of anovulatory infertility is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction associated with hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary morphology. Several treatment options are available for women with infertility related to PCOS including weight reduction, clomiphene citrate, gonadotropins, laparoscopic ovarian diathermy, metformin and letrozole.Case Presentation: This is a case report of 32-year-old infertile female who was married for 12 years and tried ovulation induction drugs several times but failed to conceive. She was overweight, hirsute, oligomenorrheic and lastly amenorrheic. Investigations revealed altered ratio of FSH and LH, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. Patient was adviced to do regular physical exercise and prescribed metformin and combined oral contraceptive pill. After treatment restoration of regular menstruation occurred, weight reduced and patient became pregnant.Conclusion: Before choosing any treatment option for an infertile woman with PCOS proper control of abnormal metabolic conditions are necessary for a successful treatment outcome.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 656-659
Lärare eller hantverkare? Om betydelsen av yrkeslärares yrkesidentifikation för vad de värderar som viktig kunskap på Bygg- och anläggningsprogrammet
Authors: Nylund Mattias , Gudmundson Björn
Published: August 2017

This study examines the importance of vocational teachers’ professional identification for what they regard as important knowledge in the Building and construction programme in Swedish upper secondary school. The analysis is based on responses to a questionnaire completed by a large majority of teachers in the Building and construction programme in the Västra Götaland region. The responses suggest that the professional identification is an important factor not only for vocational teacher’s identification of important knowledge for students, but even more so for what they value as important knowledge in their own role as teachers. Two different types of vocational teachers emerge from the analysis: one who sees one’s self primarily as a craftsman and another who sees one’s self primarily as a teacher. While both types of vocational teachers place great importance on knowledge that can be traced back to a vocational culture, the ’craftsman’ clearly considers such knowledge as more important than, and more isolated from, pedagogical issues and knowledge stemming from a school culture. In contrast, the ’teacher’ considers the three fields as being almost equally important and regards vocational culture as more closely associated with pedagogical issues and a school culture.
Grunnleggende ferdigheter for arbeidslivet? Bruk og betydning i restaurant- og matfagyrker
Authors: Spetalen Halvor
Published: August 2017

A framework for basic skills is included in all subjects and curricula throughout the Norwegian school system. These basic skills are defined as reading, numeracy, and oral, written and digital skills.

In this article, I question to what extent these basic skills are being used in professional practice within a selection of restaurant and food processing occupations. The empirical data in the article is based on a survey done autumn 2015 (Spetalen, Eben & Jahanlu, 2016).

The report shows that basic skills are being used to various degrees. This variation is not only between different restaurant- and food processing trades, but also in relation to certified skilled workers and those with management responsibilities. Data from this survey indicate that managers and skilled professionals correlated significantly when using basic skills for work. Both mangers and skilled professionals make use of basic skills far more often than professionals without managerial responsibility and non-skilled workers, do.

Influenced by Michael Young’s (2004) theory, this survey gives valuable input in developing new vocational curricula relating to a reformed structure in Norwegian vocational training, starting autumn 2019.
Biochemical and Microbiological Changes during the Ivorian Sorghum Beer Deterioration at Different Storage Temperatures
Authors: Attchelouwa Constant , Aka-Gbézo Solange , N’guessan Florent , Kouakou Clémentine , Djè Marcellin
Published: August 2017

In order to extend shelf life of traditional sorghum beers, it is of importance to evaluate their spoilage characteristics. Therefore, the microbiological, biochemical, and sensory changes of the Ivorian sorghum beer tchapalo during storage at ambient temperature (28 to 30 °C) for four days and at 4 °C for six days were assessed. The aerobic mesophilic bacteria and the yeast counts remained stable during the storage time. However, variations were observed in the lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria counts. The deteriorating tchapalo acidity did not show significant variations. In contrast, the total soluble solids decreased at ambient temperature and remained stable at 4 °C. Lactic acid was a major compound during storage, and acetic acid was found at a detectable level of 1.26 mg/mL after the third day at ambient temperature. The ethanol contents increased significantly at ambient temperature after two days and then decreased but showed a fair decrease at 4 °C. Evaluating the beer’s appearance, odor, and taste, a panel considered the beers to be spoiled after two days when stored at 28 to 30 °C and after three days when stored at 4 °C.
The Molecular Level Characterization of Biodegradable Polymers Originated from Polyethylene Using Non-Oxygenated Polyethylene Wax as a Carbon Source for Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production
Authors: Johnston Brian , Jiang Guozhan , Hill David , Adamus Grazyna , Kwiecień Iwona , Zięba Magdalena , Sikorska Wanda , Green Matthew , Kowalczuk Marek , Radecka Iza
Published: August 2017

There is an increasing demand for bio-based polymers that are developed from recycled materials. The production of biodegradable polymers can include bio-technological (utilizing microorganisms or enzymes) or chemical synthesis procedures. This report demonstrates the corroboration of the molecular structure of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) obtained by the conversion of waste polyethylene (PE) via non-oxygenated PE wax (N-PEW) as an additional carbon source for a bacterial species. The N-PEW, obtained from a PE pyrolysis reaction, has been found to be a beneficial carbon source for PHA production with Cupriavidus necator H16. The production of the N-PEW is an alternative to oxidized polyethylene wax (O-PEW) (that has been used as a carbon source previously) as it is less time consuming to manufacture and offers fewer industrial applications. A range of molecular structural analytical techniques were performed on the PHAs obtained; which included nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Our study showed that the PHA formed from N-PEW contained 3-hydroxybutyrate (HB) with 11 mol% of 3-hydroxyvalerate (HV) units.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Te-Doped Bi2Se3−xTex Bulks by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
Authors: Liu Rui , Tan Xing , Ren Guangkun , Liu Yaochun , Zhou Zhifang , Liu Chan , Lin Yuanhua , Nan Cewen
Published: August 2017

Polycrystalline Bi2Se3−xTex (x = 0~1.5) samples were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) combined with spark plasma sintering (SPS) and their thermoelectric properties were investigated. The SHS-SPS process can shorten the time with few energy consumptions, and obtain almost pure Bi2Se3-based phases. Consequently, the Se vacancies and anti-site defects contribute to the converged carrier concentration of ~2 × 1019 cm−3 while the increased carrier effective mass enhances the Seebeck coefficient to more than −158 μV K−1 over the entire temperature range. The lattice thermal conductivity is suppressed from 1.07 Wm−1 K−1 for the pristine specimen to ~0.6 Wm−1 K−1 for Te-substitution samples at 300 K because of point defects caused by the difference of mass and size between Te and Se atoms. Coupled with the enhanced power factor and reduced lattice thermal conductivity, a high ZT of 0.67 can be obtained at 473 K for the Bi2Se1.5Te1.5 sample. Our results reveal that Te-substitution based on the SHS-SPS method is highly-efficient and can improve the thermoelectric properties of Bi2Se3-based materials largely.
Irregularity and Variability Analysis of Airflow Recordings to Facilitate the Diagnosis of Paediatric Sleep Apnoea-Hypopnoea Syndrome
Authors: Barroso-García Verónica , Gutiérrez-Tobal Gonzalo , Kheirandish-Gozal Leila , Álvarez Daniel , Vaquerizo-Villar Fernando , Crespo Andrea , Del Campo Félix , Gozal David , Hornero Roberto
Published: August 2017

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the evolution of irregularity and variability of airflow (AF) signals as sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) severity increases in children. We analyzed 501 AF recordings from children 6.2 ± 3.4 years old. The respiratory rate variability (RRV) signal, which is obtained from AF, was also estimated. The proposed methodology consisted of three phases: (i) extraction of spectral entropy (SE1), quadratic spectral entropy (SE2), cubic spectral entropy (SE3), and central tendency measure (CTM) to quantify irregularity and variability of AF and RRV; (ii) feature selection with forward stepwise logistic regression (FSLR), and (iii) classification of subjects using logistic regression (LR). SE1, SE2, SE3, and CTM were used to conduct exploratory analyses that showed increasing irregularity and decreasing variability in AF, and increasing variability in RRV as apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) was higher. These tendencies were clearer in children with a higher severity degree (from AHI ≥ 5 events/hour). Binary LR models achieved 60%, 76%, and 80% accuracy for the AHI cutoff points 1, 5, and 10 e/h, respectively. These results suggest that irregularity and variability measures are able to characterize paediatric SAHS in AF recordings. Hence, the use of these approaches could be helpful in automatically detecting SAHS in children.
Sleep Information Gathering Protocol Using CoAP for Sleep Care
Authors: Choi Joo Ho , Kang Un Gu , Lee Byung Mun
Published: August 2017

There has been a growing interest in sleep management recently, and sleep care services using mobile or wearable devices are under development. However, devices with one sensor have limitations in analyzing various sleep states. If Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which collects information from multiple sensors and analyzes them in an integrated manner, can be used then various sleep states can be more accurately measured. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Smart Model for Sleep Care to provide a service to measure and analyze the sleep state using various sensors. In this model, we designed and implemented a Sleep Information Gathering Protocol to transmit the information measured between physical sensors and sleep sensors. Experiments were conducted to compare the throughput and the consumed power of this new protocol with those of the protocols used in the existing service—we achieved the throughput of about two times and 20% reduction in power consumption, which has confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed protocol. We judge that this protocol is meaningful as it can be applied to a Smart Model for Sleep Care that incorporates IoT technology and allows expanded sleep care if used together with services for treating sleep disorders.
Invariant Components of Synergy, Redundancy, and Unique Information among Three Variables
Authors: Pica Giuseppe , Piasini Eugenio , Chicharro Daniel , Panzeri Stefano
Published: August 2017

In a system of three stochastic variables, the Partial Information Decomposition (PID) of Williams and Beer dissects the information that two variables (sources) carry about a third variable (target) into nonnegative information atoms that describe redundant, unique, and synergistic modes of dependencies among the variables. However, the classification of the three variables into two sources and one target limits the dependency modes that can be quantitatively resolved, and does not naturally suit all systems. Here, we extend the PID to describe trivariate modes of dependencies in full generality, without introducing additional decomposition axioms or making assumptions about the target/source nature of the variables. By comparing different PID lattices of the same system, we unveil a finer PID structure made of seven nonnegative information subatoms that are invariant to different target/source classifications and that are sufficient to describe the relationships among all PID lattices. This finer structure naturally splits redundant information into two nonnegative components: the source redundancy, which arises from the pairwise correlations between the source variables, and the non-source redundancy, which does not, and relates to the synergistic information the sources carry about the target. The invariant structure is also sufficient to construct the system’s entropy, hence it characterizes completely all the interdependencies in the system.
Multi-Objective Optimal Charging Method for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Xiaogang , Shi Wenwen , Du Jiuyu
Published: August 2017

In order to optimize the charging of lithium-ion batteries, a multi-stage charging method that considers the charging time and energy loss as optimization targets has been proposed in this paper. First, a dynamic model based on a first-order circuit has been established, and the model parameters have been identified. Second, on the basis of the established model, we treat the objective function of the optimization problem as a weighted sum of charging time and energy loss. Finally, a dynamic programming algorithm (DP) has been used to calculate the charging current of the objective function. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed charging method could effectively reduce the charging time and decrease the energy loss, compared with the constant-current constant-voltage charging method, under the premise of exerting little influence on the attenuation of battery capacity.
An Electro-Geometric Model for Lightning Shielding of Multiple Wind Turbines
Authors: Zhang Li , Wang Guozheng , Zhang Wenfang , Ma Yufei , Guo Zixin , Li Qingmin
Published: August 2017

Wind turbine blades being struck by lightning is one of the most urgent problems facing wind farms. In order to reduce the probability of lightning accidents on wind farms, this paper presents a new electro-geometric model for multiple turbines. In this new model, based on the physical model of lightning leader development, the striking distance range of the blade tip receptor is calculated, taking into account the influence of the charged particles around the blade. Lightning shielding amongst multiple turbines is provided in combination with the traditional electro-geometric model, and a criterion formula is obtained for mutual shielding for multiple turbines. The influence of environmental factors, such as temperature, atmospheric pressure, air humidity, and altitude, on lightning shielding on large-scale wind farms is also analyzed by studying the lightning shielding distance between wind turbines. The calculation shows that the larger the relative air density and the absolute humidity, and the lower the altitude, and the larger the lightning shielding distance between wind turbines. The method proposed in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the lightning protection on wind farms under different environmental conditions.
A Principal Components Rearrangement Method for Feature Representation and Its Application to the Fault Diagnosis of CHMI
Authors: Liu Zhuo , Wang Tianzhen , Tang Tianhao , Wang Yide
Published: August 2017

Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHMI) is widely used in industrial applications thanks to its many advantages. However, the reliability of a CHMI is decreased with the increase of its levels. Fault diagnosis techniques play a key role in ensuring the reliability of a CHMI. The performance of a fault diagnosis method depends on the characteristics of the extracted features. In practice, some extracted features may be very similar to ensure a good diagnosis performance at some H-bridges of CHMI. The situation becomes even worse in the presence of noise. To fix these problems, in this paper, signal denoising and data preprocessing techniques are firstly developed. Then, a Principal Components Rearrangement method (PCR) is proposed to represent the different features sufficiently distinct from each other. Finally, a PCR-based fault diagnosis strategy is designed. The performance of the proposed strategy is compared with other fault diagnosis strategies, based on a 7-level CHMI hardware platform.