bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Types of Plurality and Their Representation in Kabardian-Circassian Language
Authors: Bizhoev B. Ch. , Khezheva M. R.
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the methods and means of representing the semantics of plurality in the Kabardian-Circassian language. Affixal, lexical, and phraseological resources for expressing specific, indefinite, approximate, total, collective, and representative plurality within the Adyghe linguistic consciousness have been identified, systematized, and characterized. It is noted that among all the mentioned types of plurality, the semantics of representative plurality is the most extensively studied in the Kabardian-Circassian language. The research demonstrates that quantifiers with universal semantics in Kabardian-Circassian can express both discrete and non-discrete pluralities. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the fact that it is the first attempt in Adyghe linguistics to systematically categorize various ways of representing the semantics of plurality across all levels of the linguistic system. It has been established that the representation of imprecise pluralities exhibits considerable diversity. For instance, it is shown that in fixed expressions and the phraseological layer of the language, numeratives lose their specific quantitative meaning and serve as representatives of indefinite plurality. The investigation of phraseological units reveals that in the Adyghe worldview, the semantics of plurality is often realized through the functional involvement of entomosemisms. The findings can be applied to the study of issues related to linguistic expression of quantity semantics.
Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri B.) Indirect Organogenesis
Authors: Nur Khozin Mohammad , Ahmad Iqbal Rananda  , Didik Pudji Restanto
Published: November 2024

Organogenesis is regeneration mechanism on the process of organ formation derived from somatic or non-meristematic tissue on in vitro technique. Organogenesis can occur directly or indirectly. This research used porang leaves as explant, and medium MS Basal with addition such as sucrose, agar, combination of PGR’s 2,4 D and NAA, and aquadest. This research method used the Completely Randomize Design (CRD) with 9 different level combination of 2,4 D and NAA such as 2,0 ppm 2,4 D + 1,5 ppm NAA (A1), 2,0 ppm 2,4 D + 2,0 ppm NAA (A2), 2,0 ppm 2,4 D + 2,5 ppm NAA (A3), 2,5 ppm 2,4 D + 1,5 ppm NAA (A4), 2,5 ppm 2,4 D + 2,0 ppm NAA (A5), 2,5 ppm 2,4 D + 2,5 ppm NAA (A6), 3,0 ppm 2,4 D + 1,5 ppm NAA (A7), 3,0 ppm + 2,0 ppm NAA (A8), 3,0 ppm 2,4 D + 2,5 ppm NAA (A9) with 3 repetitions for each combination. Quantitative data such as the percentage of explants that appeared callus and roots were tested statistically by using ANOVA to determine the significance of the effect of the treatment. Treatments that had significant results were then tested using the DMRT test with a level of α=5%. Qualitative data were observed visually and analyzed descriptively. Combination concentration treatment of 2,4 D and NAA have the significant effect on callus and root formation. The level of 2 ppm 2,4 D and 2 ppm NAA is the best treatment on callus formation process in terms of 100% callus emerge and the early day appears at 24 days after planting and the best treatment on the process of root formation in terms of percentage roots emerge 100% and the early day roots appears at 46 days after planting. Indirect organogenesis is type of of root regeneration.
An overview of segmentation techniques for CT and MRI images: Clinical implications and future directions in medical diagnostics
Authors: Palazzo Stefano , Zambetta Giovanni , Calbi Roberto
Published: November 2024

Advancements in Medical Image Segmentation have revolutionized clinical diagnostics and treatment planning. This review explores a wide range of segmentation techniques applied to Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images, emphasizing their clinical implications and future directions. CT segmentation techniques, including U-Net and its variant nnU-Net, are essential in oncology for precise tumor delineation, in cardiology for coronary artery analysis, and in pulmonology for lung lesion detection. These methods enhance radiotherapy targeting, surgical planning, and overall diagnostic accuracy. The nnU-Net, known for its self-configuring nature, is particularly notable for setting new benchmarks in medical image segmentation tasks. MRI segmentation benefits from superior soft tissue contrast. Techniques like Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) excel in identifying brain lesions, assessing musculoskeletal injuries, and monitoring soft tissue tumors. These methods support detailed visualization of internal structures, improving diagnosis and guiding targeted interventions. U-Net architectures also play a critical role in MRI segmentation, demonstrating high efficacy in various applications such as brain and prostate imaging. A systematic review of the literature reveals performance metrics for various segmentation techniques, such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and processing time. Traditional methods like thresholding and edge detection are contrasted with advanced deep learning and machine learning approaches, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each. The review also addresses methodological approaches, including data collection, analysis, and evaluation metrics. Future prospects include integrating 3D and 4D segmentation, multimodal data fusion, and enhancing AI explain ability. These innovations aim to refine diagnostic processes, personalize treatments, and improve patient outcomes. Clinical applications of these segmentation techniques demonstrate significant advantages in radiology, oncology, and cardiology, though challenges such as data variability and noise persist. Emerging strategies like data augmentation and transfer learning offer potential solutions to these issues. The continuous evolution of medical image segmentation techniques promises to enhance diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and the personalization of patient care, ultimately leading to better healthcare outcomes.
Recent developments in antibiotic resistance: an increasing threat to public health
Authors: Hussein Safin , Ahmed Sirwan Khalid , Mohammed Saman M. , Qurbani Karzan , Ali Seenaa , Saber Abdulmalik Fareeq , Khdir Karokh , Shareef Salar , Rasool Aram H. , Mousa Sumayah , Sidiq Avin S. , Hamzah Haider
Published: November 2024

Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major global health threat that puts decades of medical progress at risk. Bacteria develop resistance through various means, including modifying their targets, deactivating drugs, and utilizing efflux pump systems. The main driving forces behind ABR are excessive antibiotic use in healthcare and agriculture, environmental contamination, and gaps in the drug development process. The use of advanced detection technologies, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based diagnostics, and metagenomics, has greatly improved the identification of resistant pathogens. The consequences of ABR on public health are significant, increased mortality rates, the endangerment of modern medical procedures, and resulting in higher healthcare expenses. It has been expected that ABR could potentially drive up to 24 million individuals into extreme poverty by 2030. Mitigation strategies focus on antibiotic stewardship, regulatory measures, research incentives, and raising public awareness. Furthermore, future research directions involve exploring the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein 9), nanotechnology, and big data analytics as new antibiotic solutions. This review explores antibiotic resistance, including mechanisms, recent trends, drivers, and technological advancements in detection. It also evaluates the implications for public health and presents strategies for mitigating resistance. The review emphasizes the significance of future directions and research needs, stressing the necessity for sustained and collaborative efforts to tackle this issue.
The effect of ambient temperature and relative humidity in postpartum dairy cows on productive and reproductive performance and biochemical blood indices in the subsequent lactation
Authors: Komisarek Jolanta , Stefanska Barbara , Nowak Włodzimierz
Published: November 2024

This study evaluated the effects of ambient temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) during the postpartum transition period on dairy cows’ milk performance, fertility, and immunometabolic blood indices in the subsequent lactation. A total of 100 Polish Holstein-Friesian cows originating from five commercial dairy farms were categorized into three groups based on average T (<16 °C, 16-20 °C and >20 °C) and RH (<65%, 65-75%, and >75%) on the calving day (0d), and days 7, 14, 21 after calving. With increasing T and RH postpartum, the average daily milk yield during the first 150 days in milk decreased gradually, and the differences between T <16 °C and >20 °C and RH <65% and >75% groups were approx. 3.48 and 2.78 kg, respectively. Milk of cows exposed to increased T and RH was lower in protein, and lactose and higher in fat, milk urea, and somatic cell count. It was also characterized by altered fat composition. Ambient T during the postpartum period had a negative effect on cows’ fertility, which, however, was not affected by RH. The increasing T from <16 °C to >20 °C resulted in the later manifestation of the first estrous (by 27.7 days), a more extended artificial insemination service period (by 19.4 days), a higher number of insemination services per conception (by 0.92 on average), more days open (by 43.3 days), and a longer calving interval (by 43.3 days). Within ranges used in this study, increasing T and RH during the period from d 0 to d 14 postpartum led to decreased body condition score on day 21 by approx. 0.48 and 0.51 points, respectively. Furthermore, T and RH on a calving day were associated with altered biochemical blood indices on d 21 after calving, indicating a more severe negative energy balance and a state of inflammation. The results of this study suggest that dairy cows that calve when T >16 °C should be provided cooling to ensure optimal environmental conditions for high milk production and prevent economic losses associated with reduced milk yield and low fertility.
Dietary grapeseed oil nano-emulsion improves blood health, organ histology, antioxidant status, immune-ability, and reduces inflammation in young fattening rabbits exposed to thermal stress
Authors: Attia Nada , Abdel Monem Usama M. , Khalil Bakry , Alshaharni Mohammed O. , Alaryani Fatima S. , Majrashi Kamlah A. , Abuajamieh Mohannad , Abdelnour Sameh A.
Published: November 2024

Heat stress (HS) represents a major environmental impact on rabbits’ health, welfare, and production. Grape seed oil (GSO) has improved health and growth. However, the mechanism by which they mitigate the negative effects of HS in growing rabbits is still under debate. This study explored the protective role of dietary grape seed oil nanoemulsion (GON) against blood changes, immune dysfunction, organ histological damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation triggered by HS in growing rabbits. A total of 120 growing rabbits (5 weeks of age and average weight 657.32 g) were divided into 4 groups. The rabbits were administered with different doses of GON: 0 (HS, basal diet), 0.5 (GON0.5), 1 (GON1.0), and 1.5 (GON1.5) mL/kg of diet for 8 weeks under natural heat stress conditions. The results indicated that the GON1.0 and GON1.5 groups exhibited higher body weight values and gains than the other groups (P<0.05), showing a linear relationship with GON dietary levels. A quadratic relationship was observed between FCR and GON, with the optimal dose being 0.7mL/kg of diet. The GON1.5 group had higher red blood cell values than the other groups (p<0.05), while all GON groups significantly reduced leukocyte counts compared to the HS group (p<0.001) in a quadratic manner. GON1.5 and GON1.0 significantly enhanced protein fractions in linear regression analysis.

Additionally, ALT, AST, lipid profile, uric acid, LDH, GGT, and total and direct bilirubin were significantly decreased in all rabbits fed with GON (p<0.05) in a quadratic manner. Enriching diets with GON (1 or 1.5 mL) significantly improved antioxidant status (SOD and GPx) and immunity (IgG and IgM) in a quadratic manner. It also resulted in a quadratic decrease in oxidative stress (MDA and PC) and inflammation (IL-6, lysosome activity, and IFN‐γ) levels compared to the HS group (p<0.001). There was a quadratic increase in IL-10 and nitric oxide with increasing the GON, and the optimal dose were 0.86 and 0.9 mL/kg of diet. The GON administration maintained organ architecture (liver, spleen, and intestines) and reduced the immune expression of iNOS in liver tissues induced by HS. Collectively, GON (1 mL/kg diet) is an effective feed additive for improving the health and growth of stressed rabbits by supporting antioxidant and immunity functions while reducing oxidative stress and inflammation pathways induced by HS.
Trading signals of the relative strength index and market valuation of State Treasury companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Lisicki Bartłomiej , Podgórski Krzysztof
Published: November 2024

Accurate forecasting of the level of volatility of financial instrument prices is important from the point of view of stock exchange investors. The aim of this paper is to measure the value relevance of transaction signals (buy/sell) by the relative strength index (RSI) in the case of State Treasury companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE). The research covered the two hypotheses stating that stock buy (sell) transaction signals generated by the RSI indicator cause the occurrence of statistically significant positive (negative) abnormal returns (AR). These, in turn, support that RSI generates value-relevant signals, which are valuable investment tools and can be used to earn money on the stock exchanges. Based on the final research sample, including 75 buy signals and 88 sell signals, generated by the RSI indicator on the shares of State Treasury companies listed on WSE, an event study methodology was carried out. In 7-day event windows, calculations were made of AR, which is the difference between the realized and the expected return (estimated on the basis of the market model). The averaged ARs did not differ statistically significantly from zero on any of the tested days for both buy and sell signals. Therefore, research results do not indicate that share purchase (sell) transaction signals generated by the RSI indicator result in the occurrence of statistically significant positive (negative) average abnormal returns (AAR).
Liver volumetry improves evaluation of treatment response to hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy in uveal melanoma patients with liver metastases
Authors: Zensen Sebastian , Steinberg-Vorhoff Hannah L , Milosevic Aleksandar , Richly Heike , Siveke Jens T , Opitz Marcel , Haubold Johannes , Li Yan , Forsting Michael , Schaarschmidt Benedikt Michael
Published: November 2024

Background

In uveal melanoma patients, short-term evaluation of treatment response to hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria is challenging due to the diffuse metastatic spread. As liver enlargement can frequently be observed, this study aims to compare RECIST 1.1 and liver volumetry (LV) for the evaluation of HAIC treatment response.

Patients and methods

Treatment response was evaluated in 143 patients (mean age 65.1 ± 10.9 years, 54% female) treated by HAIC by RECIST 1.1 and LV on CT imaging performed before and after HAIC. In LV, different increases in liver volume were evaluated to set an effective threshold to distinguish between stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). Overall survival (OS) was calculated as the time from first HAIC to patient death using Kaplan-Meier test and multivariate analysis was performed for RECIST 1.1 and LV.

Results

In the overall population, median OS (mOS) was 13.5 months (95% CI 11.2–15.8 months). In LV, a threshold of 10% increase in liver volume was suited to identify patients with significantly reduced OS (SD: 103/143 patients, mOS 15.9 months; PD: 40/143 patients, 6.6 months; p < 0.001). Compared to RECIST 1.1, LV was the only significant prognostic factor that was able to identify a decreased OS.

Conclusions

In uveal melanoma patients with liver metastases, LV with a threshold for liver volume increase of 10% was suitable to evaluate treatment response and would be able to be used as a valuable add-on or even alternative to RECIST 1.1.
Algorithm-Driven Hedonic Real Estate Pricing – An Explainable AI Approach
Authors: Tarasov Stanislav , Dessoulavy-Śliwiński Bartłomiej
Published: November 2024

Data-driven machine learning algorithms triggered a fundamental change in hedonic real estate pricing. However, their adaptive nonparametric structure makes inference and out-ofsample prediction challenging. This study introduces an explainable approach to interpreting machine learning predictions, which has not been done before in the local market context. Specifically, Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting models are developed for residential real estate price prediction in Warsaw in 2021 on 10,827 property transactions. Model-agnostic Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods are then used to investigate the black box decision making. The results show the practicability of applying XAI frameworks in the real estate market context to decode the rationale behind data-driven algorithms. Information about the relationships between input variables is extracted in greater detail. Accurate, reliable and transparent real estate valuation support tools can offer substantial advantages to participants in the real estate market, including banks, insurers, pension and sovereign wealth funds, as well public authorities and private individuals.
Way of Stress and Deformation Calculations in the Rails and Anchor Pins of Mining Rack-Railway Track
Authors: Frydrýšek Karel , Freis Jiří , Kolář Václav
Published: November 2024

Article deals with the calculation issues of deflection and stress in the rail and pins, which are a part of the anchoring design for rack-railway tracks. The rack-railway track, is intended for the transport of excessively heavy loads and people inside mines. A longitudinal track dip can be up to ± 35deg. Practical application is focused on the calculations of pins and rails, for which a novel combination of analytical approaches and FEM is used, with dynamic loading and the theory of beams on an elastic foundation. The methodology is explained in details and the first results are listed. Everything stated in this article can be used to design transport systems not only in mining/underground constructions.
Uso de Calendula officinalis na cicatrização de feridas: uma visão geral
Authors: Domingos Neto Benedito , Dorm Bruna Carolina , Costa Iemma Mônica Rosas
Published: November 2024

A história das plantas medicinais é tão longa quanto a história da humanidade. As plantas medicinais são importantes fontes de substâncias químicas que têm efeitos terapêuticos benéficos na saúde humana. A Calendula officinalis é uma planta que tem sido utilizada há séculos como fitoterápico, especialmente na cicatrização de feridas. O uso de C. officinalis como agente cicatrizante já foi corroborado por diferentes estudos in vivo e in vitro. Desta forma, objetivo dessa revisão é trazer uma visão geral sobre os estudos atuais do efeito da Calêndula na cicatrização de feridas. A busca por estudos ocorreu em três bancos de dados, considerando apenas estudos dos últimos cinco anos. Foram incluídos nesta revisão 03 estudos in vitro, 04 estudos in vivo em modelo animal e 04 clínicos. As evidências sugerem que a C. officinalis pode ser uma importante fonte para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos eficazes para a cicatrização.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI POLITIK DALAM PENCITRAAN PARTAI POLITIK DAN CALON LEGISLATIF PADA PEMILIHAN UMUM TAHUN 2024 Di KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Putra Hari Iryanto  , Relin D.E  , I Nyoman Ananda
Published: November 2024

Pembentukan citra partai dalam kajian ini diambil pada studi kasus penelitian Strategi komunikasi politik yang dilakukan oleh Partai dan calon legislatif dalam menjelang  kontestasi pemilihan legislatif  di Kabupaten Banyuwangi pada tahun 2024 dengan satu titik fokus wilayah DAPIL V yang meliputi wilayah Kecamatan Tegalsari, Kecamatan Gambiran, dan Kecamatan Cluring. Saat ini sudah sedang semangat-semangatnya untuk memperlihatkan eksistensinya dan membentuk citra sebagai partai baru dan calon legislatif yang reformis setara dengan partai lainnya, memperoleh gambaran tentang upaya-upaya Partai dan calon legislatif dalam membentuk citra sebagai partai baru maupun lama. Adapun Rumusan Masalah pada penelitian ini sebagai berikut : (1) Bagaimana Komunikasi Politik dalam Pencitraan Partai Politik dan Calon Legislatif pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 di  Kabupaten Banyuwangi?. (2) Bagaimana Fungsi Komunikasi Politik dalam Pencitraan Partai Politik dan Calon Legislatif pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 di  Kabupaten Banyuwangi?. (3) Bagaimana Implikasi Komunikasi Politik dalam Pencitraan Partai Politik dan Calon Legislatif pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 di  Kabupaten Banyuwangi?
Teori yang digunakan menganalisis masalah adalah Teori Agenda Setting, Teori Konstruktivis, Teori Retorika Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi nonpartisipan, wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan, informan dijaring dengan purposive sampling dan teknik analisis data dengan deskriptif kualitatif dengan prosedur reduksi, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Berdasarkan analisis data ditemukan : (1) Bentuk Komunikasi Politik dalam Pencitraan Partai Politik dan Calon Legislatif pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 di  Kabupaten Banyuwangi. (2) Fungsi Komunikasi Politik dalam Pencitraan Partai Politik dan Calon Legislatif pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 di  Kabupaten Banyuwangi. (3) Implikasi Komunikasi Politik dalam Pencitraan Partai Politik dan Calon Legislatif pada Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 di  Kabupaten Banyuwangi.
 
Kata Kunci : Komunikasi Politik, Pencitraan, Partai Politik,  Calon Legislatif.
Campur Kode Bahasa Bali Tokoh Punakawan Wayang Kulit Parwa Dalam Cerita Rempong Bhisma
Authors: Ryandika I Wayan Wira , Sangarsa Ida Bagus Arthe Swara
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine the mixture of Balinese language codes found in the punakawan wayang kulit parwa in the story Rempong Bhisma. The data source in this research is a video document of the Rempong Bhisma wayang kulit performance. Data collection methods in this research used socument study, interviews, and literature methods. The theories used to dissect the problem in this research are, Code Mixing Theory and Language Contact Theory. In this era of globalization whare technology and information are growing. Which causes the Balinese language to mix with other languages. Knowledge of two or more languages creates new language touch or contact, which causes a one language phenomenon called code mixing. One of them is the mixed code of Balinese wayang kulit parwa in story Rempong Bhisma. This research is a video documentation of the wayang kulit story Rempong Bhisma. The result of this research is the form of code mixing in the use of Balinese in language by the wayang kulit parwa in story Rempong Bhisma in the form of words, phrases, and sentence forms
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Nyurat Aksara Bali Siswa Kelas X.1 SMA Negeri 6 Denpasar Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Noviana Dewi Komang Candra
Published: November 2024

Model-model pembelajaran disusun agar hasil belajar siswa semakin berkembang. Selain itu, model-model pembelajaran harus disesuaikan dengan situasi dan kondisi siswa. Penelitian ini membahas (1) model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw untuk meningkatkan kemampuan nyurat aksara Bali siswa kelas X.1 SMA Negeri 6 Denpasar Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023.Dalam menganalisis permasalahan tersebut di atas digunakan teori Konstruktivisme dan teori belajar behaviorisme. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X.1 SMA Negeri 6 Denpasar. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah metode observasi dan metode tes. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan Langkah-langkah observasi awal, perencanaan, tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi atau evaluasi Tindakan, dan refleksi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis data deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dalam pembelajaran nyurat aksara Bali dimana siswa dibagi menjadi kelompok, yaitu pertama menjadi kelompok asal, dari kelompok asal kemudian dipilih lagi menjadi kelompok ahli. (2) pada siklus I diperoleh aktivitas siswa adalah 8,87 dan meningkat pada siklus II yaitu menjadi 10,76 dan siswa digolongkan cukup aktif. (3) rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I 76,05 dengan ketuntasan klasikalnya 77,56% dan meningkat pada siklus II rata-ratanya 82,97 dengan ketuntasan klasikalnya 94,18%. Dari analisis dapat disimpulkan (1) model pembelajarn kooperatif tipe jigsaw pada materi nyurat aksara Bali berhasil meningkatkan parikrama belajar siswa. (2) model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw pada materi nyurat aksara Bali berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Gugon Tuwon dalam Perspektif Masyarakat Bali
Authors: Sutarini Ni Luh Putu
Published: November 2024

Gugon tuwon merupakan sebuah petuah peninggalan nenek moyang yang diwariskan kepada anak cucu, berisi ajaran untuk menjadikan kehidupan tetap berlangsung dengan baik. Keberadaan gugon tuwon pada masyarakat Bali pada masa sekarang sudah sebagian tidak  menjadi ajaran atau petuah  dalam menjalani kehidupan. Bercermin dari hal itu  ada makna penting yang bisa dipetik dari gugon tuwon,  sesungguhnya adalah prinsip untuk percaya  terhadap apa yang patut dipercaya, mempercayai kepada yang tuhu.  Pemaknaan gugon tuwon  dewasa ini  cenderung terkait dengan beberapa  aspek yakni, sraddha, tanggung jawab, dan ajeng Bali. Adat-istiadat menggunakan gugon tuwon sebagai fakta yang sulit diungkap secara nalar, akan tetapi sulit untuk diingkari. Tidak ada yang menyalahkan guhon tuwon, dan tidak ada yang meragukan lagi bagaimana keyakinan umat Hindu ketika melakukan  suatu upacara ritual meskipun hanya didasarkan atas tradisi turun temurun, tanpa mengetahui filosofisnya, tidak saja bermakna yakin tetapi juga melaksanakan secara sungguh-sungguh. Pada dasarnya, gogon tuwon merupakan respons terhadap generasi muda supaya memiliki sikap yang baik dalam berperilaku sehari-hari.
KATA KUNCI : GUGON TUWON ,NAK MULA KETO, KEARIFAN LOKAL, AJA WERA
QR CODE IN GRAMMY87 GAME AS NEW TECHNIQUES FOR MASTERING GRAMMAR
Authors: Dilia Dilia Dewi , Hermawan Dadang , Putri Dian Rahmani
Published: November 2024

The Challenges in Traditional Grammar Teaching grammar often rely on rote memorization and repetitive exercises, which can lead to student disengagement and boredom. Without context or interactive elements, students may find it hard to retain grammar rules and apply them correctly in their writing and speaking. Research in educational psychology emphasizes the benefits of active learning, where students participate actively in the learning process, rather than passively receiving information. Incorporating game elements in education can increase motivation, engagement, and retention. Games provide a dynamic and enjoyable way to learn complex concepts like grammar. The primary goal of Grammy87 is to be creative learning tools to improve students' grammar skills through a board game that is both educational and entertaining. The game aims to transform the learning experience from a mundane task into an exciting adventure by the use of technology of QR code scanning barcode to make easier for everybody to play without the assistance of a teacher. Techniques for gathering data that involve both direct observation and interviews. Data are analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach, and they are then presented in a narrative format. The R&D procedures were modified from Borg and Gall's (1983) ten-cycle method of creating The Grammy87 Card game. Leveraging the principles of game design and educational research, Grammy87 significantly enhance grammar skills in a fun and motivating way. Integrating technology, providing clear learning paths, and ensuring the game is adaptable to various learning environments are key factors in its success.
The problem of space and time in gravitation from the point of view of the absence of absolutes
Authors: Dorokhin Vasily
Published: November 2024

The subject of the research is the philosophical problem of space and time in the physics (nature) of gravitation, the change in the theories of gravitation of the specifics of the concepts of space and motion-time with the development of our knowledge of physics in the field of theoretical physics and modern results of experimental physics. Among other things, unexplained phenomena directly related to space and time are investigated, such as nonlocality and confusion, which manifest themselves both in the microcosm – photons, electrons, individual atoms are entangled, and in the macrocosm – particle confusion is detected at kilometer and more distances, the close connection of these new phenomena of modern physics with space-time at macroscopic and quantum levels and the difficulties arising from excessive mathematization in attempts to quantize gravitation, space, and time. The methodological basis of the research is the application of the statement about the absence of absolutes to the problem of space and time in gravity and modern attempts to construct quantum gravity. For the first time, the statement about the absence of absolutes has been applied to the philosophy of gravitation theories, taking into account the latest experimental data concerning the fundamentals of the philosophy of gravitation physics, their correspondence to this statement is discussed. It is shown that the concepts of space and time are global: they manifest themselves both as coordinates in GR and SRT, and as receptacles of hypothetical strings (multidimensional microobjects generating elementary particles). Gravitational objects cannot directly affect space-time, but only create a connection between objects – another object – gravity, assumed by the third form of matter, but not being directly curved, but space-time. This thesis is not a support for Einstein's locality, since it is "local": it refers only to gravity, without touching on the issue of entanglement in quantum mechanics.
Virtualization of Reality as a Cultural Universal
Authors: Pinskaya Margarita Vladimirovna , Sviridova Irina Dmitrievna
Published: November 2024

The subject of the research in the presented article is the cultural practice of virtualization of reality in the mechanism of socio-cultural reflection, stimulating certain vectors of development of society. The appeal to the cultural understanding of this topic is due to the need to focus on the heuristic limitations of reducing the virtualization of socio-cultural processes in society exclusively to the influence of digital technologies, displacing to the periphery of theoretical reflection the problems of the causality of culture and the ability of society to design, as well as to implement a positive image of the future. The object of consideration, accordingly, is the mechanism of socio-cultural reflection – an objective process of society's reaction to changes in the environment and its own development, including understanding of reality in historical and cultural categories available for their time. The ultimate expansion of the concept of virtualization, allowing us to classify this phenomenon as a cultural universal, makes us ask the questions: is culture possible in principle without the virtualization of reality and where is the line between the virtual and the real in socio-cultural processes? The scientific novelty of the study consists in clarifying the conceptual and terminological apparatus for studying the virtualization of reality, in examining it from a new perspective using examples studied in cultural anthropology, and in establishing individual patterns and typical features of the phenomenon under consideration. The authors conclude that understanding virtualization as a specific way of orientation of a person and society in the surrounding reality excludes the possibility of reproducing culture without virtual realities common to people.
An update on recombinant vaccines against leishmaniasis
Authors: Shital Shital , Madan Evanka , Selvapandiyan Angamuthu , Kumar Ganguly Nirmal
Published: November 2024

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by various species of the Leishmania parasite, manifesting in visceral (VL), cutaneous (CL), and mucocutaneous (MCL) forms. To combat this debilitating disease, various vaccines candidates including proteins, DNA, vectors, adjuvants, and recombinant whole parasites have been developed and tested experimentally and preclinically against several Leishmania species. Some vaccines have already entered human clinical trials. These vaccines aim to induce protective immunity using specific antigens. This review examines all efforts to develop recombinant vaccines against the parasite, analyzing successes including commercially available canine vaccines and the overall challenges faced in the quest to eradicate the disease. Additionally, recent advances in vaccine delivery systems, such as viral vectors and non-pathogenic bacteria, offer promising avenues to enhance immunogenicity and improve the targeted delivery of antigens, potentially leading to more effective and long-lasting immune responses. By understanding past and current efforts, future strategies can be refined to create more effective vaccines and ultimately control or eradicate this parasitic disease.
TB-vaccines: Current status & challenges
Authors: Sachdeva Kuldeep Singh , Chadha Vineet K.
Published: November 2024

Tuberculosis continues to be among the leading causes of morbidity as well as mortality. It is appreciated that our aim of eliminating TB in the foreseeable future will not be realized until we have a new vaccine with significant efficacy among diverse populations and all age-groups. Although impressive strides have been made in more refined development of new TB vaccines based on learnings from past experiences, the substitute or a booster vaccine for the BCG vaccine is not available yet. This article puts in perspective the recent efforts in re-positioning BCG, development of newer vaccines based on novel approaches, the current TB vaccine pipeline, yet unmet challenges in vaccine development, exploring newer ideas in vaccine development and what the future holds.
Exploring the antidepressant potential of raspberry ketone: Behavioural and neurochemical insights in a chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression model
Authors: Jadhav Parth , Godad Angel Pavalu
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

This research investigates the potential antidepressant properties of raspberry ketone (RK) using a chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression model in mice.

Materials and Methods:

Through a comprehensive examination encompassing behavioural and neurochemical assessments, the study reveals promising outcomes. RK administration results in significant enhancements in locomotor activity, reductions in immobility time and improvements in sucrose preference, indicative of antidepressant-like effects.

Results:

RK treatment leads to elevated levels of dopamine and serotonin, coupled with a decrease in inflammatory cytokines, suggesting a multifaceted mechanism underlying its therapeutic potential.

Conclusion:

These findings underscore the promise of RK as a novel antidepressant agent, with implications for developing alternative and potentially more tolerable treatments for depression. Further, exploration into its mechanisms and clinical applicability is warranted.
Epidemiology and pathogenesis of retinal vein occlusion
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Moshetova L.K. , Belskaya K.I. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kazakov S.P. ,   Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Moscow, Russian Federation, Turkina K.I. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Epidemiology and pathogenesis of retinal vein occlusion

L.K. Moshetova, K.I. Belskaya, S.P. Kazakov, K.I. Turkina

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Moscow, Russian Federation

Retinal vein occlusion is a violation of blood circulation in the central vein of the retina or its branches.

Retinal vein occlusion is one of the leading causes of blindness and visual impairment, due to the severity of damage to the retina and optic nerve and development of gross structural changes in the fundus. This review summarizes existent data of the world literature on the occurrence of retinal vein occlusion, risk factors and main links in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular occlusion. It identifies the role of endothelial dysfunction in the development of this severe vascular disease.

This review provides information on the vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF-A, which is involved in the development of macular edema – one of the main causes of vision loss in patients after retinal vein occlusion.

Key words: retinal vein occlusion, VEGF-A, endothelial dysfunction
Enhancing nutritional knowledge and practices: The impact of nutrition education on iron and calcium consumption among cricket players
Authors: Jauhari Mansur , Sukur Abdul , Jayanti Linda Dwi
Published: November 2024

Background Problems: This study emphasises the critical importance of maintaining a balanced intake of nutrients relative to individual needs, as deficiencies or excesses can significantly impact health and nutritional status. Among these essential nutrients are iron and calcium. Research Objectives: The aim of this research is to assess the impact of nutrition education on the knowledge and dietary practices related to iron and calcium among athletes. Methods: The research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest. To evaluate the effect of the intervention, the subjects were given a pretest, nutrition education, and posttest. The study was conducted on a total of 30 cricket players from the Special Capital Region of Jakarta over a period of 1 month, with a frequency of 4 intervention meetings, each session lasting 60 minutes. Data analysis was performed using an independent t-test. The participants in this research were cricket players from Jakarta. Findings and Results: The results indicated that nutrition education significantly improved athletes' nutritional knowledge (p-value 0.000) and dietary practices (p-value 0.011). Conclusion: This research demonstrates the effectiveness of targeted nutrition education interventions in enhancing athletes' knowledge and adoption of healthier dietary practices, particularly concerning iron and calcium consumption. These findings contribute valuable insights to the field of sports nutrition, emphasising the importance of well-designed educational programs in promoting good nutritional behaviour and supporting overall health and performance in athletes. This study underscores the critical role of nutrition education in the advancement of both the scientific understanding and practical application of sports nutrition.
ПРИОРИТИЗАЦИЯ S-ФАКТОРА ПРИ ВНЕДРЕНИИ СТРАТЕГИИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ В КОМПАНИЯХ
Authors: В.В. Кулибанова , Э.П. Литвинова
Published: November 2024

В условиях нестабильности значительную роль приобретает социальное направление проектов в области ESG, поскольку ответственное отношение к персоналу, клиентам, местным сообществам и другим заинтересованным сторонам способствует улучшению деловой репутации, что в дальнейшем сказывается на инвестиционной привлекательности компаний.В данном исследовании нами была сформулирована модель реализации социальных проектов с выделением ключевых элементов, а также был проведен анализ нефинансовой отчетности крупных российских компаний с целью подтверждения теоретической модели. В модели нами были выделены 2 направления, по которым компания проводит социальную политику, – работа с персоналом и работа с внешними субъектами, а также отдельно отмечен элемент корпоративной культуры.

The social orientation of ESG projects is gaining importance under instability as the responsibility towards personnel, customers, local communities and other interested parties contributes to better business reputation, which affects the attractiveness of business for investors. We introduce a modal of social projects implementation and distinguish its key elements; we also carry out the analysis of non-financial reports of big Russian businesses to prove the theoretical model. The model in question contains two directions of business social policy, namely work with the personnel and external subjects, the corporate culture is also mentioned.
ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Л.Ю. Монахова
Published: November 2024

Вопросы разработки и внедрения в практику жизнедеятельности человека технологий, связанных с искусственным интеллектом (ИИ), исключительно актуальны для современного этапа развития общества. В статье представлена краткая характеристика правовых актов отдельных стран, в которых рассматриваются вопросы использования ИИ в деятельности человека. Проведен анализ мнений специалистов, касающихся проблем внедрения ИИ в систему образования, среди которых выделены как положительные, так и отрицательные аспекты. Рассмотрены отдельные примерны реализации технологии ИИ в образовательной практике. В качестве методов исследования продуктивно использованы анализ нормативно-правовой базы индустриально развитых стран в области развития и распространения искусственного интеллекта; методы синтеза и дедукции проблем и перспектив развития искусственного интеллекта в образовании, отраженных в научных работах педагогической направленности. Выводы статьи могут быть полезны педагогам, администраторам образовательных организаций и другим заинтересованным лицам в понимании преимуществ и недостатков использования искусственного интеллекта в образовании, а также в принятии обоснованных решений по его применению в своей практике.

The development and implementation of technologies related to implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) into human life practice are of the exceptional relevance for the modern stage of development of the society. The article presents a brief description of legal acts in selected countries, wherein the matters of implementing AI into human activities are being considered. The study provides analysis of expert opinions related to introducing AI into the educational system among which both positive and negative aspects have been highlighted. As research methods the author productively uses analysis of the legal framework of industrially developed countries especially in the field of development and distribution of artificial intelligence, methods of synthesis and deduction of problematic issues along with perspectives of the development of AI in educational practices, reflected in scientific works of pedagogical orientation. The conclusions of the article might be useful for educators, administrators of educational organizations and other interested parties to understand advantages and disadvantages of the use of AI in educational practices and helpful in making reasoned decisions dealing with implementation of AI in their practices.
РОЛЬ НАУЧНО-ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ КОРПОРАЦИЙ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Т.Б. Фейлинг , Е.К. Торосян , М.В. Пантелеев
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается суть современных образовательных решений, способных повлиять на устойчивое развитие экономики и общества в целом. Авторами статьи предпринята попытка проанализировать сущность образовательных корпораций как особого варианта экономической системы, функционирующей в условиях инновационной экономики, выделить особенности и условия ее функционирования. Также уточнено влияние корпоративной культуры как компонента коммерциализации университета.

We consider the essence of modern educational solutions capable of affecting the sustainable development of economy as well as the society as a whole. We make an attempt to analyze the essence of educational corporations as a specific variation of economic system under innovative economy and reveal its characteristics and conditions. We specify the influence of corporate culture as a component of university commercialization.
МЕДИАЦИЯ В ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НОТАРИУСА
Authors: В.А. Кузбагарова
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена вопросам применения института медиации в деятельности нотариуса. Сделан акцент на том, что для медиации существует место в нотариальной деятельности. В исследовании показана необходимость внедрения медиативной процедуры в деятельность нотариуса, а также выполнен сравнительный анализ принципов нотариальной деятельности и медиации. Автор предлагает применение медиации в сфере нотариальной деятельности как договорных отношений с учетом всех этапов, связанных с договорным процессом, то есть речь идет о преддоговорных переговорах и переговорах в динамике договорных отношений, включая возможные протоколы о разногласиях; преддоговорные споры; споры (конфликты), возникающие на этапах выполнения договоров и их расторжения и т.д. Изложена авторская позиция о том, что нотариус может быть медиатором при условии прохождения специального дополнительного обучения. При этом автор аргументирует свою точку зрения и делает выводы с учетом анализа мнений различных ученых-правоведов.

The article deals with the application of institution of Mediation in the activities of a notary. The author puts emphasis on the fact that there is a place for mediation in a notarial activity. The study demonstrates the need for introducing mediation procedures into the activities of a notary. As part of the study, the author conducts a comparative analysis of the principles of notarial activity and mediation. The author proposes the use of mediation as a contractual relationship in the notarial activity, taking into account all stages associated with the contractual process, that is, pre-contractual negotiations and negotiations in the dynamics of contractual relations (including possible protocols on disagreements; pre-contractual disputes; disputes (conflicts) arising at the stages of execution of contracts and termination thereof, etc.). The article presents the author’s opinion that a notary can be a mediator given special additional training is provided. At the same time the author argues his point of view and draws conclusions taking into account the analysis of the opinions of various legal scholars.