bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of R0 for COVID-19 in India through different mathematical model and their comparison
Authors: Dwivedi Nidhi , Gupta Sujata , Dwivedi Archana
Published: January 2021

Background: The cases of novel coronavirus (COVID- 2019)-infected pneumonia started since the 19th of December, 2019, in Wuhan (Central China). A large scale outbreak of the disease resulted in a pandemic. This outbreak of the COVID -19 disease has spread on a wide scale. World health organization (WHO) has identified the ongoing outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID 2019) as pandemic on 11 March 2020. Basic reproduction number (R0)- is one of the most important predictors of epidemic severity. It can help to understand the path of the epidemic and to assess the effectiveness of the various interventions to control the epidemic. The purpose of this study is to estimate R0 by using five methods based on the Indian COVID-19 dataset and compare them.  Methods: We obtained data on daily confirmed, recovered and deaths cases from official site of ministry of health and family welfare. We implemented 5 mathematical methods to calculate R0. We estimated the number of active cases till 14th of April. We also compare these methods to find out the best method to predict R0.Results: The estimated R0 for the AR, EG, ML, TD, and gamma-distributed methods were 1.0004, 2.102, 1.895, 1.872 and 1.46 respectively. The computed R0 in the TD method is closer to the actual R0 and have a good fit on data as confirmed with MSE criterion.Conclusions: Awareness of the basic reproduction number of COVID-19 is useful for controlling the spread of disease and for planning. It is therefore necessary to know the best method that has better performance.
Age at menarche in urban school-going girls: association between socio-economic status, BMI and physical activity
Authors: Behel Amrita , Raje Leena
Published: January 2021

Background: Menarche, one of the most reliable markers of pubertal maturity, is a result of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Since accelerated pubertal development is an important determinant of prognostic disease risk, especially in developing countries, attention must be focused on this important public health aspect.  Methods: Total 200 school-going girls aged between 10-15 years studying in municipal, public-funded and private schools in Mumbai were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria of having attained menarche only in the last three months. Sociodemographic and anthropometric details were collected using a structured schedule and physical activity data was collected using the physical activity questionnaire for older children and adolescents.Results: Socioeconomic status and family size were found to significantly influence the age of onset of menarche (p<0.001). Anthropometric indices of height, weight and BMI were found to have significant negative correlations indicating that taller, heavier girls reached menarche earlier than their shorter and lighter peers (p<0.000). Level of physical activity was also found to be an important contributing factor to age at menarche such that a higher level of physical activity was observed in girls with higher mean menarcheal age (p<0.000).  Conclusions: Age at menarche was found to be influenced by factors such as socioeconomic status, BMI and physical activity.
Effect of climatic factors like rainfall, humidity and temperature on the dengue cases in the metropolitan city of Maharashtra
Authors: Pol Sujata Shirish , Rajderkar Shekhar S. , Dhabekar Pallavi D. , Bansode Gokhe Seema S.
Published: January 2021

Background: Climatic factors may influence the dengue cases in the given geographical area indicating the need of research on it. The research in India, especially Maharashtra is however scarce. Thus a study on climatic factors and dengue cases was planned in metropolitan city of Maharashtra. Objective was to study the effect of climatic factors like rainfall, humidity and temperature on the dengue incidence.Methods: Retrospective study design was commissioned at tertiary care hospital in the city. The reported DF/DHF cases during January 2009 to December 2018 were mobilised from Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) of Epidemiology cell, Mumbai. Climate records were gathered from meteorology department of the city. Data were entered on the Excel sheet. The analysis was done with SPSS version 22.0.Results: The dengue incidence was high in monsoon and post monsoon season. Both rainfall and humidity were positively and temperature was negatively associated with dengue incidence.Conclusions: Climatic factors are the best predictors of dengue cases in near future. Weather factors based early warning systems may be incorporated in the routine surveillance system for dengue for preventing the epidemic.
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding biomedical waste management amongst healthcare workers in a teaching hospital from a north eastern state of India
Authors: Hina Tado Nabam , Das Shubhabrata , Das Munmee
Published: January 2021

Background: Bio-medical waste (BMW) means any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities or in the production or testing of biological or in any health camp activities. Proper management of BMW ensures protection of public health and environment against any adverse effect associated with such waste materials. Several studies have reported that health care workers lack adequate level of awareness and right attitude regarding proper BMW management which ultimately reflects as incorrect practice of handling and disposal of bio medical waste. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of healthcare workers regarding bio-medical waste management.Methods: This study was conducted at Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (TRIHMS), Arunachal Pradesh, India. Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted and questionnaire were administered to 313 healthcare workers of TRIHMS who consented to participate in the study. A predesigned questionnaire for knowledge, attitude and practice study was used for data collection. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel and STATA 13.Results: Study results show that the average knowledge score was highest amongst nurses (10±2.6) and least in class IV staffs (7.2±1.9).  Amongst all participants laboratory technicians were mostly average or poor on the attitude score. Overall only 23 percent (n=73) of the healthcare workers were found to be performing good BMW management practice.Conclusions: Our study revealed that there is significant variation in knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding biomedical waste management among healthcare workers.
Study of magnitude of knee osteoarthritis among adult population with age 40 years and above in rural area: a cross sectional study
Authors: Jadhao Ashok R. , Dambhare Punam M.
Published: January 2021

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, which mainly affects the articular cartilage. Worldwide estimates are that 9.6% of men and 18.0% of women aged over 60 years have symptomatic osteoarthritis. It affects the daily physical activities like climbing stairs, squatting etc. Pain is the main symptom. Considering this the study was conducted with the objective to find out the magnitude of knee OA among adult population more than 40 years of age in rural area and to study the association between risk factors and knee OA.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in rural health training Centre of study institute. Total 150 patients with knee joint pain were included in the study. Knee OA was diagnosed using American rheumatology criteria (ACR). Analysis was done by using epi info 7. Chi square test and Fischer’s exact test was applied to see the association between risk factors and knee OA.Results: The prevalence of knee OA among study subjects was found to be 34.7%. Study subjects with age >60 years were having prevalence of 32 (43.2%) and this association was statistically significant. The study subjects with history of DM and who are having BMI≥25 were having higher prevalence and the association was statistically significant.Conclusions: The prevalence of knee OA in our study was 34.7%. Factors such as age >60 years, education, occupation, low socioeconomic status, DM, BMI≥25 were having significant association with knee OA.
Equity and disparity in somatotype characteristics of Muslim women of two different places with similar socio-economic but different socio-cultural practice
Authors: Adhikari Anup , Pathak Puja , Dash Keya
Published: January 2021

Background: Somatotype characteristics of 76 muslim women of same socio-economic status were studied from two slum areas of two different places, one in a metropolitan city and one in a suburban area in West Bengal. Women were selected on convenient way from two slum areas, one in Kolkata, the metropolitan city and one in Contai, suburban town of Medinipur district of West Bengal.Methods: Anthropometric measurement were taken for somatotyping. All measurements for each subject was taken in the same day to avoid Technical Error of Measurement (TEM).Results: All women were aged in between 22 and 38 year. Average height for the muslim women from Kolkata slum area was 150.7 (±3.5) cm and that of Contai was 151.6 (±6.5) cm. Average body weight of the muslim women form the Kolkata slum area was 59.7 (±6.0) kg whereas that of Contai slum area was 55.3 (±11.6) kg. The body type of Muslim women from Kolkata slum area was Mesomorphic Endomorph and that of Contai slum area was also Mesomorphic Endomorph. But the endomorph component of Muslim women from Kolkata slum area was 6.4 (±0.5) which was significantly higher from 5.9 (±0.8) Endomorph component of women from Contai slum area. Similarly mesomorph component of Muslim women from Contai slum area was 3.9(±0.8) which was significantly higher than 3.5(±0.4) mesomorph component of Muslim women from Kolkata slum area. No significant difference was observed in Ectomorph components which were 1.7 (±0.9) and 1.5 (±.09) for Kolkata and Contai respectively.Conclusions: Disparity was found in weight, endomorphy and mesomorphy but equity was found in height and ectomorphy. Equity in height and ectomorphy were due to same ethnical group but disparity in body weight, fattiness and muscularity were due to socio-cultural differences of two places where they live.
Prevalence of depression among school going adolescents in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies
Authors: Kamath Prashanthi , Dsouza Sushma Marita , Mahapatra Subhransu , Jayakumar Sruthi
Published: January 2021

The objective of this systematic review was to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression among schoolgoing adolescents in India by using Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI 1 or BDI 2). A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and Google Scholar to identify cross-sectional school-based studies published during 1990-2020. Studies with pre-identified mental illness were excluded. Heterogeneity between studies were examined and estimates were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot and Egger’s test. We included 13 studies in the meta-analysis. The random effect meta-analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence of depression among school going adolescents was 53% (95% CI: 41% - 65%). By gender, the prevalence was 50% (95 % CI: 38%–62%) in males and 57% (95% CI: 46% - 69%) in females. The subgroup analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence increased with the education levels (High school: 42%; High school and pre-university: 55%; and Pre-university: 67%). In this review we found that more than half of the school going adolescents in India suffered from depression that ranged from mild to severe. These results draw attention to re-look at the mental health policy and newer public health approaches to address depression. Further, strengthening school-based mental health services, along with the community and center-based care is crucial to prevent and effective management of depression among adolescents.
comercio exterior de Puerto Rico entre dos imperios, 1879-1923
Authors: Martínez Ángel P. , García José J. , Pérez de Perceval Miguel Á.
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo reconstruye, a partir de las diversas fuentes directas e indirectas disponibles, los flujos del comercio exterior de Puerto Rico en las últimas décadas del siglo xix, bajo el control ejercido por España como metrópoli, y las primeras décadas del siglo xx, bajo control colonial de Estados Unidos. Estas magnitudes han sido analizadas para entender su evolución y conocer su estructura geográfica, ambas con carácter general y para cada uno de los periodos coloniales (1875-1897 y 1898-1923). Finalmente, se estudia la estructura del comercio atendiendo a los flujos de productos. Las conclusiones sugieren que, si bien se había producido una reestructuración geográfica del comercio desde 1882, la anexión estadounidense permitió la integración en un mercado de mayor crecimiento, incrementando así el volumen de comercio exterior, las inversiones y la renta de la isla.
Choledocholithiasis without cholecystolithiasis, after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography follow-up without cholecystectomy
Authors: MUHAMMEDOĞLU Bahtiyar , PİRCANOĞLU Eyüp , TORUN Serkan
Published: January 2021

Objective: The widespread use of imaging methods increases the diagnosis and incidence of cholelithiasis. In recent years, the management of patients with cholelithiasis has improved significantly owing to significant advances in the surgical and endoscopic intervention.
Materials and Methods: Between February 2015 and January 2018, the data of patients who underwent ERCP at our institution were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Forty-four patients included in the study were patients with choledocholithiasis without stones in the GB.
Results: The mean age of 52 subjects (group A) included in the study was 64.83 ± 17.06, of which 23 (44.2%) were <65 years old and 29 (55.8%) were ≥65 years old. Twenty-four (46.2%) women and twenty-eight (53.8%) men were included in the study. Malignancy was suspected in 6 (11.5%) patients and no suspicion of malignancy was confirmed after Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP) procedure. In group A, 14 patients (26.9%) required a second ERCP, while in group B, the number of patients requiring a second ERCP was 163 (21.3%). The mean length of hospital stay in group A and group B patients was 5.29 ± 3.38 and 6.29 ± 5.39, respectively, and the average cost was 474 $ ± 286 $ and 564 $ ± 664 $, respectively, with no statistical difference between the groups.
Conclusions: In conclusion, we think that in patients with secondary or primary choledochal stones without gallstones and with functional GB might be following up without cholecystectomy after the stone is removed from the bile duct by ERCP
Clınıcal Approach To Patıents Wıth Klıppel-Feıl Syndrome
Authors: KAYA Murat , KABAKLIOĞLU Murat , ERÖZ Recep
Published: January 2021

Objective: Klippel-Feil Syndrome (KFS) is is a congenital syndrome that has a short neck, fusion in at least 2 cervical vertebrae, and a decrease in neck movements in the classic triad. KFS patients may have a higher risk for mechanical spinal cord injury because of unstable cervical segments. Patients should be examined extensively, since many anomalies may accompany KFS. In the current article, we aimed to present our cases with KFS with clinical, radiological, and genetic results.
Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 317 cervical MRIs required by Pediatric Surgery between 2012-2019 years with various indications and 90 cervical CT reports in 2019 were evaluated. Information was collected retrospectively with a file scan. Clinical, radiological, biochemical and genetic evaluation of KFS cases were performed.
Results: All of our patients with KFS had Sprengel deformity, cervical fusion anomaly, restricted neck movements, short neck, low hairline, and growth retardation. Growth Differentiating Factor 6 (GDF6) gene was negative in all our patients.
Conclusion: The necessity of treatment depends more on the pathologies that may be caused by deformity and other systemic findings. The patient should be cautious and avoid heavy exercise because of neurological deficits seen after minor trauma in patients with KFS.
Frequency of hereditary prothrombotic risk factors in patients with Down Syndrome
Authors: DAMAR İbrahim Halil , ERÖZ Recep , KİLİÇASLAN Önder
Published: January 2021

Objective: Down Syndrome (DS) is defined as chromosome 21 trisomy and associated with cardiovascular system diseases. We aimed to study inherited thrombophilia genes (MTHFR A1298C, MTHFR C677T, Factor II G20210A, Factor V Leiden G1691A, Factor V Cambridge G1091C, Factor XIII, APOB, ITGB3, FVHR2, FGB, PAI-1 and ACE) in patients with DS.
Materials and Methods: A total of 53 patients with DS (32 male and 21 female) were included in the study. Demographical, laboratory and clinical features of cases were recorded. 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG), transthoracic echocardiography and the inherited thrombophilia genes were evaluated.
Results: The clinical and developmental defect findings of the patients were high. The 39.6% of patients had both heterozygous MTHFR C677T and heterozygous MTHFR A1298C carriers, the 18.9% of patients had homozygous MTHFR A1298C carriers, the 17% of patients had heterozygous Factor V Leiden G1691A carriers, the 43.4% of patients had 4G/4G carriers, the 34% of patients had 4G/5G variation carriers for PAI, the 22.7% of patients had heterozygous FactorXIII carriers, the 49.1% of patients had ins/del carriers and the 37.7% of patients had del/del variation carriers for ACE. All patients had at least one of the homozygous and/or compound heterozygous variations for the inherited thrombophilia.

Conclusions: The patients with DS have a high risk for thrombosis-related cardiovascular system diseases. It may be said that the average life expectancy of individuals with DS may be increased by precautions (related to medical, social, lifestyle, etc.) to reduce complications associated with hereditary thrombophilia.
Is Geographical Isolation Associated with Poorer Outcomes for Northern Manitoba First Nation Communities?
Authors: Lavoie Josée G. , Phillips-Beck Wanda , Avery Kinew Kathi , Sinclair Stephanie , Kyoon-Achan Grace , Katz Alan
Published: January 2021

This study tested the assumption that geographical isolation is associated with poorer population health outcomes among First Nations in Manitoba. Our results show higher premature mortality rates (PMR) in northern communities, declining slower than for any other Manitoba communities. Our results also show lower ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) hospitalization rate in the North, suggesting barriers to prevention and early diagnosis. There remains a large gap in ACSC hospitalization rates between First Nations and all Manitobans. Further research is warranted to understand the relationship between the changes in the rates of ACSC and the difference in the rates between northern and southern communities.
Growth, Carcass and Economic Evaluation of Barbari Kids Reared with and Without Green Fodder under Stall-feeding in Semi-arid Region of India
Authors: Singh M.K. , Rajkumar V. , Kumar Akhilesh , Pourouchottamane R.
Published: January 2021

Background: The huge decline in grazing resources and many fold increase in stocking rate has made goat farming unsustainable and uneconomic under extensive system, therefore, it has become essential to explore and develop alternative and strategic goat production system. The present study was undertaken to compare the performance of male barbari goats fed with and without green fodder under stallfed system to develop a goat farming model for peri urban/ rainfed region where availability of green fodder is exclusive and costly. Methods: Twelve Barbari male kids of average body weight 13.49±0.54 kg at 4 months of age were randomly divided into two equal groups (Gr 1 and Gr 2) of 6 animals each. The animals of Gr 1 was fed with concentrate pellet (16% crude protein), green and dry fodder while kids in Gr 2 were fed with concentrate pellet, dry fodder and no green fodder for a period of 150 days (up to 9 month of their age). Growth parameters, carcass parameters and cost benefit analysis were carried out. Result: Average slaughter weight, daily weight gain (g), empty body weight, carcass weight and dressing % was 26.31±1.99 kg, 85.53±8.17 g, 22.09 kg, 13.18 kg and 49.13% in group-I and 25.8±1.16 kg, 82.0±4.13 g, 21.91 kg, 12.91 kg and 48.88% respectively in group-II. Differences between kids of both the groups for above growth and carcass parameters were non-significant. Net profit per kid fed with green and without green fodder when sold at Rs. 250/kg live weight was Rs. 2381.17 and Rs. 2347.72 respectively and Rs 3696.67 in Gr 1 and Rs 3637.72 in Gr 2 if sold @ Rs. 300/kg live weight. Present study concluded that the Barbari growing kids could be profitably raised for mutton production exclusively on concentrate and dry fodder without deteriorating slaughter weight and carcass quality. This model of goat farming is technically and economically viable for commercial goat farming and also benefits resource poor traditional goat farmers in big way by making goat based self-help groups.
Effect of Moisture Regimes on Water use Efficiency of Rabi / Summer Groundnut Genotypes in Northern Transition Zone of Karnataka
Authors: Kumar R. Naveen , Patil R.H. , Yenagi B.S. , Dhage S. Sagar
Published: January 2021

Background: During rabi / summer irrigation water is a scarce resource, but crop needs more water due to non-rainy season and warmer climate. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during rabi / summer season of 2016-17 to study the effect of irrigation water regimes on water use efficiency (WUE) of groundnut genotypes in Northern Transition Zone of Karnataka. Methods: This field study comprised of four main plots as water regimes viz. I1: (control) seven irrigations at 15 days interval from sowing to 105 DAS, I2: Stress at pegging stage; withdrawal of one irrigation between 45 - 60 DAS, I3: Stress at pegging and pod filling stage; withdrawal of two irrigations between 45-75 DAS, I4: Stress at pegging, pod filling and kernel development stage; withdrawal of four irrigations from 45-105 DAS and four genotypes as sub plots viz. G1: Dh-86, G2: Dh-101, G3: K-9 and G4: G2-52. Treatments were replicated thrice and laid out in split plot design. Result: Among the water regime, I2 recorded significantly higher WUE (6.2 kg ha-1 mm-1) followed by I1 (control; 5.5 kg ha-1 mm-1). Water regime I2 also recorded significantly higher pod yield and haulm yield (2,857 kg ha-1 4,648 kg ha-1, respectively) along with other yield attributes, but was found at par with control (I1). This study showed that WUE as well as yield of rabi / summer groundnut can be enhanced if crop was exposed only to mild stress by skipping an irrigation at pegging stage out of total seven irrigations. Among the genotypes, Dh-86 with 2,375 kg ha-1 of pod yield performed significantly better over others like Dh-101 (2,215 kg ha-1), K-9 (2,048 kg ha-1) and G2-52 (1,880kg ha-1) suggesting differential response to moisture stress, thus choice of moisture stress tolerant genotypes is equally important to enhance WUE. Interaction between irrigation regime and genotypes showed that Dh-86 (G1) with I2 irrigation regime recorded significantly higher WUE (6.9 kg ha-1 mm-1), pod yield (3,168 kg ha-1) and net return (Rs. 95,655 ha-1) and was found at par with full irrigation regime (I1).
Triathlon: terceira coletânea de estudos
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Andries Junior Orival , Pignata Bruno Henrique ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: January 2021

A Faculdade de Educação Física (FEF) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), lançou um PROGRAMA DE FORMAÇÃO DE TREINADORES DE TRIATHLON em 2014, com o princípio e objetivo de atualização dos conhecimentos de profissionais do triathlon. O programa é composto por um curso de especialização de longa duração, com módulos e aulas referentes a temática em questão, além de eventos relacionados com a modalidade triathlon. Este livro é fruto de parte dos estudos desenvolvidos no Terceiro Curso de Especialização em Metodologia do Treinamento em Triathlon, edição 2019, e tem o intuito de contribuir na disseminação da modalidade. Esperamos aqui contribuir para fazer do triathlon, uma modalidade esportiva de grande repercussão nacional.
Manual de esporte universitário: a sinuosidade de uma vertente ímpar do esporte
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Guerrero Kaio Borges , Fernandes Paula Teixeira ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: January 2021

Quando, por algum motivo, o esporte universitário recebe os holofotes da ciência, alguns desafios aparecem. Um dos mais comuns é entender quem é o público alvo. O esporte universitário pode se comportar como um camaleão, alternando os objetivos e propriedades, de acordo com a situação ou Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES), transmutando os objetivos individuais e gerando pensamentos coletivos.
Diagramas de apoio ao projeto baseados na ideia do conforto térmico adaptativo
Authors: Fernandes Leandro Carlos
Published: January 2021

Diagramas podem ser utilizados para análise de problemas complexos, facilitando decisões. Como exemplo, citam-se os diagramas bioclimáticos, utilizados para definir diretrizes para projetos de edificações. Contudo, por serem baseados em modelos de conforto térmico estáticos, os diagramas bioclimáticos não são compatíveis com a ideia do conforto térmico adaptativo. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo apresentar diagramas de apoio ao processo de projeto de pequenas edificações de baixo consumo energético e adequados à ideia do conforto adaptativo. A partir de um modelo adaptativo de conforto e dos diagramas existentes, elaboraram-se dois diagramas e procedimentos para sua aplicação. Os diagramas foram aplicados às fases iniciais do processo de projeto de pequenas edificações no clima de Curitiba e os resultados foram comparados com os obtidos com o tradicional diagrama de Givoni. A comparação mostrou que as diferenças entre os modelos de conforto resultam em diretrizes diferentes. O método alternativo também permitiu analisar mais adequadamente a variável amplitude térmica diária e ordenar a aplicação das diretrizes projetuais.
Mecanismos de solução de conflitos intra-administrativos
Authors: Accioly João Pedro
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho analisa os conflitos havidos no interior da Administração Pública, entre os seus diversos órgãos e entidades. Examinaremos as causas, as formas de prevenção e, centralmente, os métodos de resolução dos litígios intra-administrativos pelo Presidente da República, pelo Advogado-Geral da União, por autocomposição dos contendentes – especialmente no âmbito da Câmara de Conciliação e Arbitragem da Administração Federal –, por arbitramento pelo Consultor-Geral da União, por arbitragem privada e pelo Poder Judiciário. A partir de pesquisas bibliográficas e análises de decisões, especialmente sob o prisma qualitativo, propõem-se parâmetros que recomendam ou contraindicam cada uma das formas de solução de conflitos que serão examinadas.
A saga legislativa dos heróis e heroínas brasileiros
Authors: Dantas Fabiana Santos
Published: January 2021

A memória dos heróis e heroínas nacionais é parte importante da narrativa de construção da Nação e integra o patrimônio cultural brasileiro. O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a motivação, os procedimentos, os requisitos e a legislação que os consagra, verificando a eficácia dessa forma de lembrança celebrativa. A discussão sobre a forma de conceder o título honorífico é relevante para aperfeiçoar os critérios e os procedimentos, como meio de potencializar a presença dos heróis nacionais no cotidiano dos cidadãos, efetivando o seu direito à memória, e também de sistematizar e interpretar esse universo normativo disperso e pouco conhecido. O resultado esperado é contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do tema através de um panorama e da contextualização da discussão, realizada através de um breve estudo de caso sobre Tiradentes, bem como de documentos legislativos e bibliografia pertinente.
A teoria das escolhas trágicas na Administração Pública à luz da Lei nº 13.655/2018
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Victória
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho desenvolve-se em um cenário nacional marcado pelo descrédito na Administração Pública, ao tempo em que trata de questões atinentes à proteção da confiança no Estado e à reserva do possível, objetivando identificar razoabilidade e proporcionalidade nas decisões administrativas. Neste sentido, busca-se a análise do custo-benefício, como orientador das escolhas trágicas, por meio dos juízos de adequação, conveniência e oportunidade, com demonstração ipso facto da inexistência de liberdade do gestor público no que respeita ao interesse público, com base na Lei nº 13.655/2018, que altera a “Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro” (LINDB). É imprescindível diagnosticar inicialmente as demandas sociais, utilizando critérios históricos, antropológicos, de afetação, orçamentários, técnicos, dentre outros; e, somente após este momento, efetuar a prognose, para alcançar a melhor solução, retirando, assim, o arbítrio do administrador.
Perception of social reality and subjective well-being in developed countries
Authors: Goffe N. , Monusova G.
Published: January 2021

This book is centered on two issues. Firstly, how do individuals from different countries view various social and economic phenomena, which they often encounter? Secondly, how do their views affect their subjective well-being? The authors of this book use international findings and their research to answer these questions. Analyzing the mechanisms which lead to a discrepancy between objective and subjective assessment of life is crucial for understanding the social, economic and voting behaviour of individuals, as well as searching for ways to preserve political stability.
Project Potential of the Franco-German Defense Cooperation
Authors: Timofeev P. , Khorolskaya M.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the role of Franco-German tandem in the development of the European defense by 2020, including EU PESCO projects as well as bilateral initiatives outside of PESCO framework. The study uses an innovative approach applying the methods of statistical and cluster analysis to the three waves of PESCO projects. It enables to identify the contribution and the level of cooperation of the Franco-German tandem in the PESCO implementation process. It is demonstrated that besides France and Germany, EU Mediterranean states are also leading in terms of the number of projects so it would be more exact to talk about the central role of the European “big four” (France, Italy, Spain, Germany) as an engine of PESCO process. At the same time, France and Germany actively develop two ambitious bilateral projects outside of the PESCO framework – these are Future Combat Air System (FCAS) and Main Group Combat System (MGCS), the models of innovative fighter jet and tank, based on the “system of systems” principle. These projects demonstrate the two countries’ ambitious plans, although it is too early to evaluate the results since the projects are to be implemented by the mid-2030s. Nevertheless, several factors complicating the military cooperation of the two sides are identified. Those include the lack of a common approach towards conceptual issues causing the development of new weapons; the absence of a joint view on the participation of third states in French-German projects outside of PESCO (only Spain is accepted to work on FCAS, no third state is allowed to participate in MGCS construction); the competition between French and German manufacturing companies regarding the projects’ leadership and the two countries’ different export policies. Although the idea of the EU strategic autonomy promoted by the Franco-German tandem has been actively developing since 2017, today these two countries do not determine the PESCO process and do not agree on all the issues. Thus France and Germany still have a significant amount of work to do in this area.
Microescultura da testa da semente madura de Ruellia elegans Poir. (Acan-thaceae)
Authors: Indriunas Alexandre , Aoyama Elisa Mitsuko
Published: January 2021

Ruellia L. é o segundo maior gênero da família Acanthaceae e, como a maioria dos representantes dessa, possui frutos capsulares loculicidas explosivos. O estudo da morfologia e principalmente da microescultura das sementes em Acanthaceae tem se mostrado importante para compreensão das relações taxonômicas e ecológicas. R. elegans Poir. é uma espécie endêmica da Mata Atlântica emprega como ornamental. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever a morfologia e microescultura da testa de sementes maduras de R. elegans Poir. fornecendo subsídios para a taxonomia do grupo, bem como para estudos ecológicos para o entendimento dos padrões de dispersão das sementes. As sementes foram analisadas sob microscopia eletrônica de varredura, sendo apresentada a descrição do formato e indumento. A descrição e análise da microescultura da testa da semente madura da espécie corroboram com seu atual posicionamento taxionômico devido à presença de tricomas mucilaginosos por toda a superfície e esta característica indica a síndrome de dispersão ectozoocórica.
RETHINKING THE BOOK OF TAHAFUT AL-FALASIFAH: Examining Al-Ghazali’s Argumentative Criticism Against the Thinking of Philosophers
Authors:   State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga, Lubis Ali Akhbar Abaib Mas Rabbani , Rozi Fathur ,   Ma’had Aly Al Fithrah Surabaya
Published: January 2021

This study explains al-Ghazali’s argumentative criticism in Tahafut al-Falasifah. It aims to analyze the intentions of al-Ghazali’s argumentative refutation of other alleged rational thinkers considered by irfani epistemology as the cause of decline of Islam and to observe the method used by al-Ghazali in his argument. This study is a library research which is included in the qualitative research cluster. The result of study is that the intentions of al-Ghazali’s argumentative criticism are to discuss the twenty errors of Muslim philosophers, namely al-Farabi and Ibn Sina in matters of metaphysical philosophy. The method used by al-Ghazali is also the same as Aristotle’s criticism of Eudoxus, that is attacking Muslim philosophers in terms of the arguments they built, even labelling them as heretics and infidels/apostates. This method is known as argumentum ad hominem because it attacks Muslim philosophers when it comes to argumentation. It is built on the dialectical method of speech or in other terms known as jawab wa su’al which always recalls an imaginary trial.
ISLAM AND LOCAL CULTURE IN TIMOR
Authors:   San Pedro University, Kupang, Indonesia, Bolong Bertolomeus
Published: January 2021

Religious teachings come from Allah's revelation while culture is a human creation. However, religion and culture are two things that influence each other. Religious values and cultural values penetrate and shape the character of the community who adhere to them. This paper is a study of the life of Islam in East Nusa Tenggara Province in its interaction with local culture. Muslims in Timor who come from various ethnic and cultural backgrounds are people who are devout in practicing their religious faith. But on the other hand, they also stick to and obey their culture. In its embodiment, religion purifies culture and culture forms the character of society to be loyal to their religious faith.
BARRIERS FOR THE HALAL FOOD INDUSTRY TO PENETRATE THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET
Authors:   Islamic Banking Management, STEI SEBI, Depok Indonesia, Rohana Ana , Asrofunnisa Asrofunnisa ,   Islamic Banking Management, STEI SEBI, Depok Indonesia, Masrofah Siti ,   Islamic Banking Management, STEI SEBI, Depok Indonesia
Published: January 2021

The natural wealth in Indonesia is a big potential in Indonesia's economic development in the future, especially in the halal food industry. The development of halal food and drinks continues to increase along with the growth of the Muslim population in Indonesia. This study aims to look at the condition of the halal food industry in Indonesia and everything related to the halal food industry as well as the dangers, opportunities and threats to halal food from international market penetration. In order to develop the halal food industry in Indonesia and the world, it is necessary to have halal equality in each country and to have halal food certification. So that they are not involved in the halal food industry such as restaurants, cafes and other food places that have special regulations that prohibit the halal food industry. In this export process, a product must pass quality assurance certification. Among the names of product quality assurance agencies is ISO (International Standardization Organization). To get a product guarantee license is very difficult because developing countries like Indonesia and developing countries do not pay attention to product quality such as developed countries. However, Indonesia has the opportunity to develop halal standardization such as ISO quality assurance certification, seeing the large Muslim population in Indonesia as regular consumers of halal food products. With this opportunity, it is hoped that the government or related agencies can develop the Indonesian halal food industry so that Indonesia will not only become a target market for products but become a major player in the marketing of halal products. The research research method used is descriptive qualitative with literature data sources.
LEVEL UP: AS A COMMUNITY FINANCIAL RESILIENCE STRATEGY
Authors:   Department of Business Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia, Hidayat Muhammad Alif , Yani Peni Rizki ,   Department of Business Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia, Amalia Dela Ayu Nur ,   Department of Home Economics, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

According to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product is minus 5.32% and this is a decline at the lowest level for the last 17 years. From a socio- economic perspective, several institutions predict an additional 1.16 million (+ 0.44%) and 9.6 million (+ 3.6%) poor people in 2020, depending on the degree of economic damage that will occur. Likewise, the number of unemployed is expected to increase by 2.91 Million (2.17% of the workforce) to 5.23 million (3.79% of the workforce) in 2020 (Indonesia, 2020). According to the OECD Survey, the opinion that Indonesia is not ready to face an economic crisis is one indicator because the emergency funds from Indonesia are only sufficient for one week. The research method in this paper is qualitative research and research and development methods as the development of the Level Up application. Level Up is an application that aims to maintain public financial resilience. Level Up has several features, such as Financial Planning, Business Development, Brand Development and Consultation. The Level Up application has advantages when compared to other similar applications, such as in Level Up there is a Consultation feature related to psychology, Business Development and Brand Development related to the development of a business and Brand Development related to the development of a business and brand. With the Level Up application, hoped that the community's financial resilience will be better than before.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Calcium Bentonite Xanthan Gum Composite As Slow Release Fertilizer Fe(III)
Authors:   UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Anggraeni Lia , Nugraha Irwan ,   UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was synthesis calcium bentonite-xanthan gum composites, characterization of composites, and determine of adsorption and desorption capacity of composites on Fe(III). Characterization of the composites is done by determine the functio nal group using FT-IR, determine the crystallinity using XRD, and determine major and minor element using XRF. In this study, the release of Fe(III) and potential as a slow release fertilizer were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The adsorpstion capacity of calcium bentonite-xanthan gum composites on Fe(III) was carried out for 1 hour with variatio n adsorbate concentrations of 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 ppm. The results show that the maximum composite adsorption ability were obtained at concentration of 27 ppm. Chemical equilibr ium follows the Langmuir isotherm model with an adsorption capacity of 10.416 mg/g. Slow release test using desorption method with destilled water to calcium bentonite-xanthan gum composite at 27 ppm concentration. Slow release Fe(III) test from the composite used time variation of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes. The result is Fe(III) carry out from the bentonite pore structure. Peak time of Fe(III) desorption is 30 minutes which amount of Fe(III) being desorption at 4.64 ppm.
The Understanding Of Science Teachers At SMP In Implementing SDG's Value Into Science Curriculum
Authors:   Department of Curriculum Development, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Fitri Annisa
Published: January 2021

Science curriculum at SMP (Sekolah Menengah Pertama) is an integration of Physics, Biology, Chemistry, Astronomy, and Earth Science. (SDG’s) sustainable development goals which has been created by UN (United Nations) should be infused into school curriculum. There are five points of SDG’s i.e ; (1) Clean water and sanitation, (2) Clean energy, (3) Climate change, (4) Life under water, and (5) Life on land, will be implemented into science curriculum. Method of this research is quantitative descriptive. Sample has been taken by puposive sampling technique. Preliminary data has been taken from 23 science teachers. After that, about 60 science teachers in SMP at Bandung contributed in this research survey. From preliminary data, half of teachers have never been implemented SDG’s value into learning process. Researcher found that more than 90% teachers agree if SD competences will be infused to learning process. This research can be a reference for education stakesholder, escpecially teacher and curriculum developer in connecting values of SD with science competences. Perception and understanding of teacher must be different each other. Because of that reason, the understanding of science teacher about SD values need to surveyed in order to develop science content curriculum.
Learning Skills Buying Online For The Blind Based On The E RAKET (Elektronik Tunanetra Market) Application
Authors:   Department of Special Education, Padang State University, Padang, Indonesia, Putra Bebi Sindi , Rustami Shintya ,   Department of Special Education, Padang State University, Padang, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Currently, Indonesia and the world are shocked by the pandemic that has killed many victims, namely COVID-19. To tackle the spread of COVID-19, the Government issued a regulation to carry out all activities from home, one of the alternatives to society, namely buying and selling online. However, not everyone can make buying and selling transactions online, one of which is blind people. One of the roles of students to achieve quality education during and after the pandemic, according to the author, is to create an application that can assist in learning and providebuying and selling skills online (E- RACKET). Therefore, a literature study was carried out from books or journals indexed for the past five years regarding research on buying and selling skills for the blind.
I-VEE (Intelligent Livestock Commodity Prices Forecasting System): An Integrated Application Based on Time Series Arima Forecasting Model for Predicting The Livestock Commodity Prices
Authors:   Department of Information System Engineering, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Bangkalan, Indonesia, Kumala Annisa Sekar , Rafsanjani Hasemy ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Bangkalan, Indonesia, Anam Khoirul ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Bangkalan, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Presently, animal food commodity prices have fluctuated in recent years. These fluctuations generally occur on the eve of a holiday or other feast day. Fluctuations are caused by market dynamics that can change supply and demand, resulting in market prices (animal food commodities) becoming unstable. Meanwhile, the availability of animal food commodities should always be monitored to maintain price stability and economic stability in a macro-region. Therefore, a system that can monitor and predict the changes of animal food commodities prices in the domestic market is indispensable. This paper aims to convey a system that works in the form of an application called I-VEE (Intelligent Livestock Commodity Prices Forecasting System). I-VEE is a system that implements the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model as its working principle. I-VEE serves to monitor the market and provide early warning through analysis of price movements. This analysis aims to provide early warning, predict prices in the short term and provide scientific decision references to local governments during fluctuations occurrence, in hopes of stabilizing prices in the region. This research was conducted to design and construct frameworks on I-VEE. The research uses qualitative writing methods, namely by surveying and studying literature through books, journals, and news. This research implements observation-applied research methods (practical problem solving). The expected research is a system that can be implemented in case studies in the field directly. Thus, if market price stabilization can be done then people (consumers) and producers can benefit.
Utilization of Basil Leaves (Ocimum Basilicum) and Avocado Leaves (Persea Americana Mill) as Anti-Inflammatory Gel and Antibiotics in Myasis Disease
Authors:   Department Animal of Science, Brawijaya University, East Java, Indonesia, Wibisono Panji Ageng Putranto
Published: January 2021

Production rate of domectic cattle begin to decline in each year, especially from range 2016 to 2019. Many factors influence, such as switching local breeders to other professions, and disease. One of the disease that quite dangerous called Myasis. Caused by C. Bezziana fly larvae, this disease causing excruciating and extended pain, resulting in decreased livestock performance. The decline in livestock performance has resulted in a decrease in livestock meat production, while the demand for meat in the community always increases every year. Based on these problems, an innovative idea is offered that is able to control and cure myasis in livestock by utilizing basil (Ocimum basilicum) and avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill) which have flavonoid levels as anti-inflammatory due to Myasis and antibiotics. This study aims to overcome the decline in livestock yields caused by livestock Myasis which results in the quality of the meat to be produced. The research method used was literature study and gel making. The process of making anti-inflammatory and antibiotic gel is quite simple, which is done by extracting the ingredients using water and air distillation, then carried out by the process of forming a gel with the addition of surfactants to the ingredients so that each material mixed can remain stable in the gel. The resulting gel making was continued with testing for viscosity, stability, appearance, homogeneity, and pH determination. The result of making anti-inflammatory and antibiotic gel is expected to increase the performance of livestock so that the demand for meat in the community can be fulfilled.