Synthesis and Characterization of LiBOB Material as An Electrolyte
Authors: Purwanto Agus , Muthi Annisa Salsabila Ghina , Febrianto Ardian , Ikhsanuddin Muhammad Nur 
Published: February 2024

<span lang="EN-US">Inside battery, the electrolyte becomes a very important electrochemical device. The electrolyte functions as a transfer medium for Li ions in the battery. One of the salts that can cover the deficiency of LiPF<sub>6</sub> as an electrolyte material that is currently widely used is LiBOB ( Lithium BisBorate ) salt material. Lithium bis (oxalato) borate material is a new lithium salt which was first introduced in 1999 by Xu et al </span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US

style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:

Arial;color:black;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:JA;mso-bidi-language:

AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-begin;mso-field-lock:yes'></span>ADDIN

CSL_CITATION

{&quot;citationItems&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;ITEM-1&quot;,&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.1149/1.1347858&quot;,&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;10990062&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Xu&quot;,&quot;given&quot;:&quot;W.&quot;,&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;parse-names&quot;:false,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Angell&quot;,&quot;given&quot;:&quot;C.

A.&quot;,&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;parse-names&quot;:false,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;}],&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;Electrochemical

and Solid-State

Letters&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;ITEM-1&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2001&quot;]]},&quot;page&quot;:&quot;6-7&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Erratum:

LiBOB and its derivatives weakly coordinating anions, and the exceptional

conductivity of their nonaqueous solutions (Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.

(2001) 4 (E1))&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;4&quot;},&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=cf5811f8-a169-4d4b-9f92-102e6172a35a&quot;]}],&quot;mendeley&quot;:{&quot;formattedCitation&quot;:&quot;[4]&quot;,&quot;plainTextFormattedCitation&quot;:&quot;[4]&quot;,&quot;previouslyFormattedCitation&quot;:&quot;[4]&quot;},&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;noteIndex&quot;:0},&quot;schema&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json&quot;}<span

style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US">[4]</span><!--[if supportFields]><span

lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:

Arial;color:black;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:JA;mso-bidi-language:

AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US">, which is currently being developed as a replacement electrolyte for lithium ion batteries. LiBOB is a promising electrolyte material regarding battery safety since judging from the potential for excess salt supported by previous research, LiBOB can be the answer to the problem of using electrolytes that are not environmentally friendly. The synthesis of LiBOB refers to Wigayati (2018) </span><!--[if supportFields]><span lang=EN-US

style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:

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AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-begin;mso-field-lock:yes'></span>ADDIN

CSL_CITATION {&quot;citationItems&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;ITEM-1&quot;,&quot;itemData&quot;:{&quot;DOI&quot;:&quot;10.22146/ijc.21191&quot;,&quot;ISBN&quot;:&quot;6221756057&quot;,&quot;ISSN&quot;:&quot;24601578&quot;,&quot;abstract&quot;:&quot;Lithium

bis (oxalate) borate or LiBOB is an active material used as the electrolyte for

lithium battery application. LiBOB (LiB(C2O4)2) powder was prepared from LiOH,

H2C2O4 and H3BO3. The employed method was solid state reaction. LiBOB powder

produced from the reaction was then observed using SEM and TEM. Surface area

was analyzed using Quantachrome Nova 4200e. From the analysis analyzed using

XRD to identify the resulting phases, crystal structure, and crystallite size.

The functional groups were analyzed using FT-IR. The particle morphology was

result, it was seen that the resulted phases were C4LiBO8 and LiB(C2O4)2.H2O,

the crystal structure was orthorhombic with space group Pbca and Pnma. From the

particle morphology observation it was shown that micro pores were created

irregularly. When the observation was deepened, nanopores with elongated round

shape were seen within the micropores. The pore size was approximately 50–100

nm. The surface area, total pore volume, and average pore diameter of LiBOB

powder was 88.556 m2/g, 0.4252 cm3/g, and 19.2 nm

respectively.&quot;,&quot;author&quot;:[{&quot;dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Wigayati&quot;,&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Etty

Marti&quot;,&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;parse-names&quot;:false,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Ratri&quot;,&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Christin

Rina&quot;,&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;parse-names&quot;:false,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Purawiardi&quot;,&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Ibrahim&quot;,&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;parse-names&quot;:false,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Rohman&quot;,&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Fadli&quot;,&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;parse-names&quot;:false,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;},{&quot;dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;family&quot;:&quot;Lestariningsih&quot;,&quot;given&quot;:&quot;Titik&quot;,&quot;non-dropping-particle&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;parse-names&quot;:false,&quot;suffix&quot;:&quot;&quot;}],&quot;container-title&quot;:&quot;Indonesian

Journal of

Chemistry&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;ITEM-1&quot;,&quot;issue&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;issued&quot;:{&quot;date-parts&quot;:[[&quot;2015&quot;]]},&quot;page&quot;:&quot;242-247&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Microstructure

analysis of synthesized

libob&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;article-journal&quot;,&quot;volume&quot;:&quot;15&quot;},&quot;uris&quot;:[&quot;http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=defc294a-2d90-4d35-b556-2832326dcd4e&quot;]}],&quot;mendeley&quot;:{&quot;formattedCitation&quot;:&quot;[2]&quot;,&quot;plainTextFormattedCitation&quot;:&quot;[2]&quot;,&quot;previouslyFormattedCitation&quot;:&quot;[2]&quot;},&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;noteIndex&quot;:0},&quot;schema&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json&quot;}<span

style='mso-element:field-separator'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US">[2]</span><!--[if supportFields]><span

lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:

Arial;color:black;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:JA;mso-bidi-language:

AR-SA'><span style='mso-element:field-end'></span></span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"> which was modified by replacing the LiOH material with Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. The ingredients lithium carbonate, boric acid and oxalic acid were prepared first with weigh and mix based on molar ratio 1 : 2 : 5. The synthesis was carried out by the solid state reaction method. Crystals were characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD and AAS. From the results of the SEM test, it was found that the LiBOB particles had spherical and cylindrical shapes, and there were Na impurities due to the raw material H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub>. In the XRD test it was found that the LiBOB hydrate phase matched at 2-theta 23.7641°, 20.1454° and 19.438°. As well as the LiBOB phase matched at 2-theta 19.438°, 23.4669° and 27.1796°. The FTIR test results found the same wave as the Wigayati reference chart. In the AAS test, it was found that Na and Li metals were contained in the synthesis sample.</span>