bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia impairs decitabine-induced expression of HLA-DR in acute myeloid leukaemia cell lines
Authors: Humphries Sam , Burnard Sean M. , Eggins Courtney D. , Keely Simon , Bond Danielle R. , Lee Heather J.
Published: January 2025

Background

Hypomethylating agents (HMA), such as azacytidine (AZA) and decitabine (DAC), are epigenetic therapies used to treat some patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome. HMAs act in a replication-dependent manner to remove DNA methylation from the genome. However, AML cells targeted by HMA therapy are often quiescent within the bone marrow, where oxygen levels are low. In this study, we investigate the effects of hypoxia on HMA responses in AML cells.

Results

AML cell lines (MOLM-13, MV-4-11, HL-60) were treated with DAC (100 nM) or AZA (500–2000 nM) in normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions. Hypoxia significantly reduced AML cell growth across all cell lines, with no additional effects observed upon HMA treatment. Hypoxia had no impact on the extent of DNA hypomethylation induced by DAC treatment, but limited AZA-induced loss of methylation from the genome. Transcriptional responses to HMA treatment were also altered, with HMAs failing to up-regulate antigen presentation pathways in hypoxia. In particular, cell surface expression of the MHC class II receptor, HLA-DR, was increased by DAC treatment in normoxia, but not hypoxia.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that HMA-induced antigen presentation may be impaired by hypoxia. This study highlights the need to consider microenvironmental factors when designing co-treatment strategies to improve HMA therapeutic efficacy.
Deltacoronavirus HKU11, HKU13, PDCoV (HKU15) and HKU17 spike pseudoviruses enter avian DF-1 cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a Rab5-, Rab7- and pH-dependent manner
Authors: Liang Qi-Zhang , Ji Chun-Miao , Wang Bin , Chen Wei , Cong Feng , Huang Yu , Huang Yao-Wei
Published: January 2025

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), also known as HKU15, is a swine enteropathogenic virus that is believed to have originated in birds. PDCoV belongs to the genus Deltacoronavirus (DCoV), the members of which have mostly been identified in diverse avian species. We recently reported that chicken or porcine aminopeptidase N (APN), the major cellular receptor for PDCoV, can mediate cellular entry via three pseudotyped retroviruses displaying spike proteins from three avian DCoVs (HKU11, HKU13, and HKU17). In the present work, to better understand how avian-origin CoVs may be transmitted to pigs, we investigated the unknown DCoV entry pathway in avian cells. We show that clathrin-mediated endocytosis is involved in the entry of these DCoV pseudoviruses into chicken-origin DF-1 cells. Pseudovirus entry was suppressed by means of pharmacological inhibitors, dominant-negative mutants, and siRNAs targeting various cellular proteins and signalling molecules, suggesting that PDCoV and avian DCoV pseudovirus entry into DF-1 cells depends on clathrin, dynamin-2, cathepsins and a low-pH environment but is independent of caveolae and macropinocytosis. Furthermore, we found that DCoV pseudovirus entry was linked to Rab5- and Rab7-dependent pathways. This is the first report demonstrating that these DCoVs utilize clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathways to enter avian-origin cells, providing new insights into interspecies transmission of DCoVs.
An overview of the transboundary dust events in southeastern Turkmenistan near the border of Iran (Sarakhs-Badkhyz region)
Authors: Mansouri Daneshvar Mohammad Reza , Rasouli Seyed Javad , Dehqanpour Aliaqa Aliasghar
Published: January 2025

This paper revealed the intensifying transboundary dust events in southeastern Turkmenistan near the border of Iran, using long-term spatial and statistical data (1980–2023). This study introduced the definition of a new source of dust storms, which is called the Sarakhs-Badkhyz region, apart from the Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts. The mentioned dust source with a surface area of 100,000 km2 is located in southeastern Turkmenistan and northeastern Iran. The remotely sensed investigation of this study was supported with local and international re-analyzed datasets (e.g., IRIMO, Eumetsat, and NASA). A drastic temperature increase triggers evaporation and also dryness of the sandy deserts in southeastern Turkmenistan. Then, dried sandy grounds and high wind speeds are important factors in creating favorable conditions for dust storm formation. Additionally, the increase in the intensity of general atmospheric circulation and the more energetic activity of the frontal cyclones, associated with the cold air intrusion of the Siberian anticyclone, are important mechanisms in the dust events of the study area. The decrease in precipitation in recent years in addition to declining the water flows of the Tejen and Murghab rivers from their basins is the reason for the dryness of the sandy ground of the Sarakhs-Badkhyz region. As a result, the defined region is a susceptible zone to source sediments of dust storms in the Middle East. Future research should analyze the possible effects of the dust storms, raised from the Sarakhs-Badkhyz region, on the cultivation, construction, immigration, and healthcare situations of the inhabitants and settlements, dominantly in Mashhad, Mary, and Herat urban regions (with a total of 4.35 million inhabitants).
Compact and cGMP-compliant automated synthesis of [18F]FSPG on the Trasis AllinOne™
Authors: Farooq Rizwan , Gendron Thibault , Edwards Richard S. , Witney Timothy H.
Published: January 2025

Background

(S)-4-(3-18F-Fluoropropyl)-ʟ-glutamic acid ([18F]FSPG) is a positron emission tomography radiotracer used to image system xc
−, an antiporter that is upregulated in several cancers. Not only does imaging system xc
− with [18F]FSPG identify tumours, but it can also provide an early readout of response and resistance to therapy. Unfortunately, the clinical production of [18F]FSPG has been hampered by a lack of robust, cGMP-compliant methods. Here, we report the automated synthesis of [18F]FSPG on the Trasis AllinOne™, overcoming previous limitations to provide a user-friendly method ready for clinical adoption.

Results

The optimised method provided [18F]FSPG in 33.5 ± 4.9% radiochemical yield in just 35 min when starting with 18–25 GBq. Importantly, this method could be scaled up to > 100 GBq starting activity with only a modest reduction in radiochemical yield, providing [18F]FSPG with a molar activity of 372 ± 65 GBq/µmol and excellent radiochemical purity (96.8 ± 1.1%). The formulated product was stable when produced with these high starting activities.

Conclusions

We have developed the first automated synthesis of [18F]FSPG on the Trasis AllinOne™. The method produces [18F]FSPG with excellent radiochemical purity and in high amounts suitable for large clinical trials and off-site distribution. The method expands the number of synthesis modules capable of producing [18F]FSPG and has been carefully designed for cGMP compliance to simplify regulatory approval for clinical production. The methods developed for the purification of high-activity [18F]FSPG are transferrable and should aid the development of clinical [18F]FSPG productions on other synthesis modules.
Genotoxic effects in island populations of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia due to environmental exposure to mercury and cadmium
Authors: Cano-Pérez Eder , Gómez-Camargo Doris , Malambo-García Dacia
Published: January 2025

Background Contamination of Cartagena Bay, Colombia with heavy metals such as mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) presents a major environmental and public health concern, particularly for human communities residing on nearby islands and coastal areas. These populations face enhanced exposure risks owing to their traditional fishing practices and continuous interactions with polluted marine environments. This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effects of environmental exposure to Hg and Cd in populations from the island zone of the Cartagena district, Bolívar. Methods Ninety-four individuals from the four island communities (study group) and 30 individuals from the urban area of Cartagena (control group) participated in this study. The blood samples were collected to measure total mercury (T-Hg) and Cd concentrations, and a Buccal Micronucleus Cytome (BMCyt) assay was used to evaluate exposure effects. Results Cadmiun levels in the blood of the study group were within the normal range and comparable to those of the control group (p > 0.05). However, the study group exhibited significantly higher T-Hg levels (7.34 μg/L) compared to the control group (2.01 μg/L), surpassing the accepted limit. Moreover, the study group showed a higher incidence of DNA damage and cell death biomarkers (p < 0.05). Additionally, significant correlations were observed between total blood Hg levels and the frequencies of micronuclei, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis. Conclusion These results suggest that island populations of Cartagena are exposed to high levels of Hg and exhibit genotoxic damage, indicating a problem that must be addressed.
Correlation of Watershed NDVI Values to Benthic Macroinvertebrate Biodiversity in Eight North American Wadeable Streams
Authors:   , Gallagher Denice Lynne
Published: January 2025

Water quality of a stream or river is influenced by the surrounding landscape and vegetation. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is commonly used to characterize landcover and vegetation density. Benthic macroinvertebrates are ubiquitous in freshwater streams and are excellent indicators of the quality of freshwater habitats. Data from one NDVI remote sensing flight and one macroinvertebrate sampling event for eight wadeable stream study sites in the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) were acquired. Proportions of high, moderate, and sparse vegetation were calculated for each stream watershed using ArcGIS. Functional feeding groups and tolerance values were assigned to macroinvertebrate taxa. The Fourth-corner and RLQ methods of analysis, available in the ade4 package for R software, were used to evaluate the relationships of macroinvertebrate traits with environmental variables. Hypothesis testing using Model 6 in the ade4 package resulted in p-values of 0.066 and 0.057 for global (overall) significance. Mean NDVI values of moderately vegetated areas and proportion of sparse vegetation were found to be significant to percent shredders at alpha ≤ 0.05. Results of these methods of analysis, when combined with traditional macroinvertebrate sampling metrics, show that NDVI can be a useful, additional tool to characterize a watershed and its effects on macroinvertebrate community composition and structure.
Response to Regulation of Technology: A Multi-Industry Perspective
Authors:   , Bhawal Shalini
Published: January 2025

Overall my dissertation work tries to capture a holistic view of the various complex interactions that occur in technology development, implementation, adoption and diffusion, in the context of three industries by examining issues that arise due to regulation of technology. Essay 1 focuses on the social media industry, which is in the early stage of the industrial life cycle, and is the foci of government attention for its ill effect on society. Results from the study (N= 647 employed adults in the US) supported hypotheses related to the antecedents and outcomes of platform utilization in the context of the three regulation dimensions. Essay 2 focuses on the automotive industry, which is in the growth stage of the industrial life cycle. Here the focus is on electric vehicles (EV) transitioning from the niches to the main market. Results from the longitudinal study (N = 429) support the moderating role of political activism on innovation capability of manufacturers and presence of ancillary services in the diffusion of different types of electric vehicles in the US market. Essay 3 focuses on the US healthcare industry, reflecting mature stage of industrial life cycle, yet also characterized with high cost and fragmentation of service. The results supported a causal relationship and further indicate that the relationship between resources and capabilities is quadratic when evaluated in presence of regulatory challenges. In conclusion, results of three essays indicate that the effect of regulatory forces on an industry are complex and affected by multi-level interactions. Hence, taking a holistic view in understanding the impact of regulation on the utilization, implementation and eventual diffusion of technology is essential. Additionally, insights are gained by considering these impacts within the nuances of industry life cycle, evolving technology and differing regulations.
Latinos for Trump? National Origin, Nativity Status, and Favorability for Trump in 2016
Authors:   , Moreno Vianni Alyssa
Published: January 2025

In this study, I examine the relationship between national origin, nativity status, and favorability toward Donald Trump among Latinos in 2016. In particular, I examine the relationship between Cubans, Dominicans, and "other" Latinos to understand how differences in national origin and nativity status influence Trump favorability. The term "Latino" is a pan-ethnic term used to describe individuals with ancestry from Latin America who share a common language, religion and culture. However, studies have shown that Latinos are actually more diverse and political attitudes may differ based on factors like acculturation, national origin, and nativity status. Using data from the 2016 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey, I find that favorability for Trump differs by national origin and nativity status as immigrants of "other" national origins favor Trump than Cubans and Dominicans. This suggest that Latinos attitudes are not shaped by their pan-ethnic identity and are rather influenced by national origin and nativity status.
Preparation to Teach in Technology-Rich K-12 Classroom Environments
Authors:   , Conan Jenna Marie
Published: January 2025

In today's schools, the ability to integrate technology into the teaching and learning environment is a necessary and crucial skill. Many K-12 classroom environments are technology-rich, with 1:1 devices, blended learning, and even distance instruction taking place. However, new teachers often enter the classroom unprepared to successfully utilize educational technology and navigate the technology-rich classroom environment. This research study examined the preparation of preservice teachers to teach with technology in today's classrooms, and explored the gap between the preparation teachers received in their teacher education program and what they needed to be able to be successful as classroom teachers. The primary goal was to explain how teachers are currently being prepared to teach with educational technology and compare that preparation to the skills they found they needed when they began teaching. This study was an exploratory qualitative study that employed survey and interview research approaches to establish a baseline of how technology skills are being addressed in educator preparation programs and how new teachers are utilizing technology in their classrooms. The survey questions consisted of structured and open-ended questions, and the interviews were semi-structured interviews. Results of this research study provide information for future research in the area of teacher education related to technology, can help teacher education programs improve how they prepare preservice teachers, and can help schools better meet the needs of their new teachers.
Using Gottman's Sound Relationship House Scales to Assess the Impact of Safe Conversations Workshops
Authors:   , Eaglin Benlon V.
Published: January 2025

This study replicated components from Babcock et al. (2013) by examining an Imago-based Safe Conversations (SC) workshop using Gottman's psychometrically established instruments for couple functioning. Participants were 28 married heterosexual couples (N = 56) with a mean age of 27.30 years (SD = 10.16), 89.3% non-Hispanic, 78.6% Black or African-American, 85.7% first time married, 75% with at least a bachelor's degree, and a median household income in the $100,000-150,000 range. Couples independently completed the online SC workshop, The Toolbox for Couples, within a 2-week timespan. For each of three variables regarding marital quality assessed at pre- and post-workshop—(a) marital friendship, (b) conflict management, and (c) marital adjustment—multilevel dyadic analysis was conducted for four outcomes: (a) overall Time*Gender interaction effect, (b) effect for women, (c) effect for men, and (d) interclass correlation between men and women. From pre- to post-test, participants improved on all three variables: Out of the 12 analyses, 11 yielded statistically significant improvement with one very large, six large, and five medium effects. Results suggested that women may benefit more or be more sensitive to the effect of marital friendship, conflict management may be more important to men, and whereas both distressed and non-distressed couples can benefit regarding marital friendship and conflict management, distressed couples may benefit more regarding marital adjustment.
Optical Control of Coherent Quantum Systems
Authors:   , Roy Colin Dean
Published: January 2025

Optical control of coherent quantum systems has many methods and applications. In this defense we will discuss the effects of an electric field interacting with molecules with dipole moments. The theoretical study of such molecules will consist of two-level atom and a three-level atom in the λ configuration. The methods that will be discussed are population trapping using both bright and dark starts obtained by both STIRAP and CHIRAP pulses. The application to be discussed is how to create a room temperature maser.
„Eucharystia daje życie”. Sposoby przedstawiania doświadczenia mistycznego we współczesnej sztuce na przykładzie trzech realizacji artystycznych w Wyższym Seminarium Duchownym Księży Zmartwychwstańców w Krakowie
Authors: Organisty Adam
Published: January 2025

The subject of consideration are three groups of fascinating works that were created at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries at the Higher Seminary of the Resurrectionist Fathers in Kraków. These are projects by Joanna Piech-Kalarus and Ewa Sidorowicz- Tucci, Adam Brincken and Maciej Zychowicz, as well as Danuta Waberska. They are eloquent examples of the varied ways in which the mystical experience is reflected through art and the dialogue of painting with the postmodern architecture of Centrum Resurrectionis complex. The works were created at different times during the decade, but are not analysed chronologically. The order adopted for their description is related to the different stages of the experience of the presence of the risen Christ, according to the narratives of the revealed texts. These works were created on the initiative of clergymen who were open to cooperation with artists. However, the role of authors in shaping the theological programme is noteworthy. This is because all works are the creation of the authors and result from their religious commitment, which consists of theological knowledge combined with properly interpreted artistic tradition. Echoes of past designs can be seen in the analysed projects. Nevertheless, the elements of the collected associations with a given theme are innovatively resolved, allowing a better understanding of the depicted topics by the modern viewer. Art projects at the Centrum Resurrectionis are therefore a testimony to the search for God.
Hybrydowość kulturowa w przestrzeniach wielokulturowych
Authors: Kuzmany Börries
Published: January 2025

CULTURAL HYBRIDITY IN MULTICULTURAL REGIONS: HISTORIES OF GALICIAN CULTURE 
This article investigates the complex interplay of cultures in Habsburg Galicia, a region marked by its diverse linguistic, religious, and ethnic makeup. It focuses on cultural practices and suggests understanding multilingualism, overarching tropes, and intersecting identities as a form of cultural hybridity. As Galician culture was more than agglutinating several national cultures, this article suggests narrating its history as a plurale tantum. Galician cultural histories are manifest in the province’s theatre and music scene, literary production, architecture and fine arts. The paper tackles both the entangled cultural backgrounds and multilingualism of many authors, artists, and cultural entrepreneurs and recurrent topics that appear throughout Galicia’s cultural production like the Carpathian Mountains or the theme of poverty and religiosity. The article further examines the impact of national movements on the cultural landscape of Galicia. The rise of Polish, Ukrainian, and Jewish nationalisms in the 19th and early 20th centuries led to the formation of distinct cultural institutions and the promotion of specific national narratives. However, the paper argues that these nationalistic projects not only resembled each others in their mechanisms of nationalizing culture, but often coexisted with more cosmopolitan and hybrid cultural practices. This paper argues that despite manifold social, linguistic, religious and national borders and hierarchies being omnipresent, these fractures also interconnected the hybrid cultural space of Galicia.
Efficacy of General Magnetic Therapy and Motor-Evoked Potential-Guided Precision Magnetic Therapy in Patients with Overactive Bladder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Xu Hongzhe , Zhu Zhangji , Lv Yinan , Gong Jiawei , Duan Yue
Published: January 2025

Aims/Background Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent chronic condition affecting approximately 12% of adults, with incidence increasing with age. While pharmacological and behavioural therapies are standard treatments, their efficacy is often limited by side effects and poor adherence. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of precision magnetic stimulation guided by motor-evoked potential with general magnetic therapy in patients with OAB.

Methods This randomized controlled trial included 45 patients diagnosed with OAB at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University between January 2022 and September 2022. Participants were randomly divided into Group 1 (n = 15) which received bladder training (BT) alone, Group 2 (n = 15) received BT combined with general magnetic therapy, and Group 3 (n = 15) received BT combined with precision magnetic therapy. Clinical efficacy was evaluated using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), urination diaries, initial bladder volume, and maximum bladder volume before and after treatment.

Results At the end of the intervention, Groups 2 and 3 demonstrated significant improvements in OABSS scores, urgency of urination, initial bladder volume, and maximum bladder volume compared to Group 1 (p < 0.05). Group 3 exhibited superior urination frequency and initial bladder volume improvements compared to Group 2 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion General magnetic therapy combined with BT and precision magnetic therapy combined with BT were more effective than BT alone in treating OAB. While there were no significant differences between the two magnetic stimulation methods in terms of OABSS scores, urgent urination, nocturnal urination, or maximum bladder volume, precision magnetic therapy showed greater efficacy in reducing urination frequency and improving initial bladder volume. These findings suggest that precision magnetic therapy offers an enhanced therapeutic benefit.

Clinical Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( ChiCTR2400087888 ).
Nature, Gender, Race, and (D)Evolution: Belli's El infinito en la palma de la mano , Quiroga's 'El salvaje,' and Darwin's The Descent of Man
Authors: Rivero Alicia
Published: January 2025

Abstract: There are unstudied similarities between Horacio Quiroga's titular short story, "El salvaje," from El salvaje (1920), and Gioconda Belli's novel, El infinito en la palma de la mano (2008). Quiroga and Belli allude to and challenge some of Charles Darwin's theories of evolution in On the Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of Man (1871, 1882). Thus, this article compares and contrasts Quiroga's text with Belli's by exploring evolution and its retrogression or devolution in both works. It also probes how Darwin's ideas impacted the dichotomy of civilization vs. barbarism, especially in Argentina and Sarmiento. I will reconsider this binary by applying the concept of "biotrope" to Quiroga's work: Marran coined the term to analyze Asian literature and culture; Saramago applies it to Latin American writers other than Quiroga. Exemplified by Sarmiento's Facundo: civilización y barbarie (1845), said opposing notions are implied by the title of "El salvaje." However, Quiroga favors what Sarmiento and their contemporaries would have disdained as 'barbaric' by preferring nature to 'civilization' and by inverting the dichotomous trope in "El salvaje." In addition, "Nature, Gender, Race, and (D)Evolution" examines the way in which Belli's perspective of women and nature is mostly ecofeminist in El infinito , despite her imaginative reinterpretation of the Biblical Genesis and of the apocryphal Forgotten Books of Eden , edited by Platt, among other religious sources that she employs. In contrast, Quiroga's approach is patriarchal with respect to women and, ironically, is ambivalent towards nature in "El salvaje."
Gain–loss inhomogeneity sensing by dielectric metasurfaces operated on the trapped mode
Authors: Liang L. , Hlushchenko A. V. , Andrieieva O. L. , Tuz V. R.
Published: January 2025

Dielectric metasurfaces are a promising platform for implementing lasers and sensors. This paper proposes a metasurface operated on a trapped mode that strongly responds to gain–loss perturbations. The metasurface under study is made of dielectric disk-shaped resonators regularly arranged on a thick substrate and covered by a superstrate. The perturbations are caused by the inhomogeneity of the doping of the superstrate or semiconductor disks. The randomized Weierstrass function describes the dielectric properties of an inhomogeneous substance. The presence of inhomogeneity in the constitutive material leads to the appearance of radiative losses, which in turn results in the trapped mode excitation in the metasurface. Thus, the resonance quality factor can be considered as a measure of the inhomogeneity in the doped material.
The synthesizer in the music education research: A snowball review
Authors: Puentes Pablo
Published: January 2025

The synthesizer, initially conceived as a hardware analogue instrument, has undergone profound transformations in recent decades. Today, it exists in various forms including digital hardware synthesizers, software synthesizers, VST plugins and programming languages dedicated to audio. This article presents a comprehensive review of academic publications exploring synthesizers in music education. To identify relevant publications in this study, a systematic search was conducted across three databases: Web of Science, Scopus and ERIC. A snowball review technique was employed to identify pertinent publications, resulting in a final set of articles of 27 works. Thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis, leading to the identification of three general themes: (1) the synthesizer’s broad spectrum of affordances; (2) there are two main approaches to teaching the synthesizer – interval-based and sound-based – and (3) the synthesizer is a highly valuable medium for creative expression. The article concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for music education and emphasizing the significance of synthesizers within the contemporary musical landscape.
VestAndPage’s performance operas: Dreaming space–time alternatives through body-based performance actions and sound
Authors: Pagnes Andrea
Published: January 2025

This article addresses the concept of performance opera by artist duo VestAndPage, aiming to investigate how the corporeal and sonic can generate space–time alternatives through unconventional modes of performance-making. They describe performance operas as collaborative, site-specific works that are unrepeatable. To produce them, VestAndPage organized experiential co-creation artist-in-residences to encourage community-building among the performers they invite to collaborate on an opera. During production, body-based performance actions and the sounds of various elements (from everyday noises to sophisticated electronic experimentation) allow aesthetic pitfalls and ruptures to emerge, shaping a performance opera’s immediate experience and contributing to reshaping what might otherwise be considered ‘normal’ reality.
The Central Asian Economies in the Twenty-First Century: Paving a New Silk Road (2019)
Authors: Bodo Pal
Published: January 2025

To dowload this book review, please click here.
Preliminary Report of Expression of bax in Oral Cavity Pathologies
Authors: Niedzielska Iwona , Niedzielski Z. , Sypniewski D. , Mazurek U. , Wilczok T. , Dabek J.
Published: January 2025

Bax is considered one of major effectors of apoptosis – programmed cell death. Immunohistochemical analysis of in vitro patterns of bax expression was mostly investigated in mammalian cell lines and tissues. The present study is the first in vivo molecular analysis of bax expression in oral cavity pathologies. The study population consisted of 45 patients with hyperplasia, neoplasm in situ malignancy, and carcinoma. Biopsies were taken from incision line, tumour section, and healthy tissue. bax expression was investigated depending on the site of biopsy material sampling and final histopathology result. No statistically significant difference was demonstrated in bax expression between four hyperplasia subgroups. However, statistically significant differences in bax expression were found between the three basic study groups (P = 0.001). Statistically significant differences in bax expression were demonstrated depending on tissue collection site (P = 0.0002). We conclude that differences in bax expression may play a role in the pathogenesis of neoplastic disease.
Molecular identification and characterization of pathogenicity of fungal pathogens associated with crown rot disease in banana from Odisha, India
Authors: Rout Manasranjan , Mahapatra Shyama Sundar , Mahapatra Sushree Suparna , Mishra Gopa , Mahapatra Sweta Shikta , Dash Debashish , Datta Diptanu , Das Tapas Ranjan , Mahapatra Subrat Kumar
Published: January 2025

Crown rot disease on banana varieties (Champa, Patakpura and G9) was identified in Odisha's 10 coastal districts during the post-harvest storage stage in 2022-23. Five crown fragments were taken for isolation from each variety of bananas based on symptom developments. Agar plate and standard blotter technique isolation procedures have been used to isolate 1210 fungal colonies, of which 584 representative colonies were purified from banana crown fragments. Different fungal colonies were purified, characterized and identified using morphological and molecular methods from G9 (244), Patakpura (205) and Champa (135) fungal colonies. Morphological identification of Fusarium and Colletotrichum isolates was madeusing colony morphology, pigmentation, the growth rate on the PDA plate and microscopic observation. Molecular identification of Fusarium and Colletotrichum isolates was done by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the conserved ribosomal DNA, which includes 5.8S rDNA. Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were the 4 fungal isolates identified. The sequences of these fungi were deposited in the GenBank database (NCBI) under the accession numbers OQ363325 (Fusarium verticillioides), OP735534 (Fusarium equiseti), OQ438654 (Fusarium oxysporum) and PP448030 (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). The neighbor-joining method was used to conduct phylogenetic analysis on the gene sequences. Pathogenicity test results revealed that all 4 isolated fungal strains produced similar crown rot symptoms on 3 varieties of banana fruits. Disease severity index and AUDPC indicated that the Fusarium strain is the most aggressive crown rot pathogen and the G9 is the more susceptible banana variety to crown rot pathogens in Odisha.
Elucidation of genetic diversity in distinct brinjal genotypes: Multivariate analysis using D2
Authors: Kousalya R , Praneetha S , Vethamoni I P , Ravichandran V , Iyanar K , Varanavasiappan S
Published: January 2025

Genetic divergence study among 45 brinjal genotypes was performed using Mahalanobsis D2 statistics to find prospective genotypes for use in a breeding programme. The genotypes were assessed for 11 traits and divided into twelve clusters based on Tocher’s method. Cluster I had the most genotypes (18), followed by cluster III (5), cluster V (4), cluster IV, VI and IX (3 each), cluster II, VII and X (2 each) and cluster VIII, XI and XII (1 each). The intracluster distances ranged between 0 and 1064.87. Cluster X has the largest intra-cluster distance (1064.87), followed by Cluster IV (831.08). Cluster VIII, XI, and XII had the smallest intra-cluster distance (0). The inter-cluster distances varied from 804.88 to 4758.26. The largest inter-cluster distance was between IX and XI (4758.26), followed by III and XII (3923.90), and the shortest distance was between cluster II and III (804.88). Genotypes from the cluster with a large inter-cluster distance could be selected as parents to produce superior F1 hybrids and segregants. The three characters, fruit length (29.70%), number of primary branches (18.89%), and plant height (14.55%), altogether account for 63.14% of overall divergence. As a result, the combination of those traits could be exploited to develop superior varieties with higher yields.
Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms from hypersaline environment: a review
Authors: Vala Anjana K , Dave Jatan , Maniyar Rajiv , Makwana Pinkal , Gohil Bharatsinh
Published: January 2025

Various aspects of phosphate solubilization are discussed including mechanism growth of halophilic plants; promotion of microorganisms isolated from saline environment near Bhavnagar coast, Gujarat, India focusing on their phosphate and its solubilization ability. Problems related to salinity ingress and nutrient deficiency are discussed especially remediation of phosphorus deficiency. Role of halo tolerant or halophilic microorganisms are revealed and effective capabilities of phosphate solubilization offering potential as bio fertilizer for enhancing plant growth in saline/hypersaline.

The research promotes sustainable agricultural practices that are consistent with Sustainable Development Goals such as "zero hunger," "sustainable consumption and production," and "life on land."
Application of the Diagnosis Grouping System to Pediatric Emergency Department Encounters
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Fant Colleen , Marin Jennifer R. , Alpern Elizabeth R.
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE

Diagnosis grouping systems are essential for health services and epidemiological and health outcomes research. The Diagnosis Grouping System (DGS) was developed to classify International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnosis codes for pediatric emergency department (ED) encounters. We applied and compared the DGS to large samples of US ED encounters for children using 3 large health system databases.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of children (younger than age 18 years) between 2016 and 2021 using 3 ED datasets: the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS; a complex survey of US ED encounters), COMPdata (a dataset of encounters for Illinois), and the Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS; an administrative database of US children’s hospitals). We categorized principal diagnoses using the DGS and compared their distribution.

RESULTS

We included 181 607 978 survey-weighted encounters from NHAMCS, 5 352 016 encounters from COMPdata, and 20 859 019 encounters from PHIS. A higher proportion of encounters in the PHIS sample were admitted or transferred (12.7%) compared with those in the NHAMCS (6.1%) or COMPdata (4.2%) samples. Trauma was the most common major group identified among all datasets (22.0% in NHAMCS, 22.2% in COMPdata, and 17.0% in PHIS). Some conditions, such as sickle cell anemia, diabetes mellitus, appendicitis, seizures, and asthma, presented more frequently among children presenting to the PHIS hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS

We identified comparable diagnostic distributions across different datasets, with differences that are likely attributable to specific characteristics of the data source. Our findings provide a baseline for pediatric diagnoses to facilitate future research on pediatric ED utilization.
Estratégias para a produção de publicidade social sobre a violência contra a mulher e problematizações sobre a denúncia
Authors: A. Viviani Ana Elisa , Drigo Maria Ogécia
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a publicidade social que tematiza a violência doméstica contra a mulher tendo como base teórica a obra Distant Suffering, do sociólogo Luc Boltanski. No livro, o autor desenvolve reflexões sobre a política de piedade, que trata do sofrimento do outro, e sua relação com a mídia e o espectador. Nossa investigação recorre, então, a um conjunto documental formado por quatro peças audiovisuais produzidas entre os anos de 2019 e 2022, sendo duas brasileiras, uma peruana e uma britânica. Enquanto as produções brasileiras procuram engajar o espectador para a denúncia, a peça peruana tem um propósito educativo, e a britânica objetiva angariar recursos para a ONG que sustenta a campanha. Cada peça foi submetida aos instrumentos internos de análise mencionados por Jacques Aumont e Michel Marie para a análise de produções fílmicas, isto é, descritivos e citacionais. Para avaliar o potencial de incitar a piedade no espectador para cada uma das causas apresentadas, desenvolvemos uma metodologia de análise baseada na fórmula delineada por Boltanski para a produção de formas expressivas, que combina aspectos universais e particulares de representação de situações e de vítimas de violência. Isso nos permitiu concluir quais peças teriam maior ou menor potencial de engajar o espectador em atos de piedade, considerando os objetivos de cada uma.
Modelo de gestión para la incorporación de la realidad virtual y realidad aumentada como herramienta didáctica: caso Colegio Técnico Profesional de Nicoya
Authors: Stefan Obando Zambrano Beyker , Alberto Vega Alvarado Carlos , Alberto Bermúdez Carillo Luis
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo presentar un modelo de gestión para la incorporación de tecnologías de realidad virtual y realidad aumentada en el Colegio Técnico Profesional de Nicoya. Este modelo busca facilitar la integración efectiva de estas herramientas en el entorno educativo, al considerar aspectos esenciales para su implementación exitosa. La investigación se basa en un enfoque descriptivo y cuantitativo. Se realizaron encuestas a 306 estudiantes durante el primer trimestre de 2023, con el fin identificar las asignaturas más adecuadas para aplicar estas tecnologías y obtener información sobre la disponibilidad de dispositivos electrónicos y la calidad de la conexión a internet, tanto en el centro educativo como en los hogares de las personas estudiantes. La investigación subraya la necesidad de involucrar a todos los interesados en el proceso, incluyendo docentes, estudiantes y personal administrativo. La evaluación continua del uso de las tecnologías permitirá ajustar las estrategias y maximizar su efectividad, asegurando así que se alcancen los objetivos educativos propuestos y se mejore la experiencia de aprendizaje.
Balance y principales desafíos del estilo actual de crecimiento costarricense en materia económico, social y ambiental
Authors: Andrés Zamora Bolaños Edwin
Published: January 2025

La crisis económica de la década de 1980, seguida de los subsecuentes Programas de Estabilización y de Ajuste Estructural, marcan el inicio de un nuevo estilo de desarrollo en Costa Rica, basado en la Promoción de Exportación, la Atracción de Inversión extranjera Directa (IED) y en un papel más reducido del Estado en la economía.
A pesar de que el nuevo estilo de crecimiento ha permitido al país gozar de cierta estabilidad macroeconómica medida a través de una balanza de pagos, inflación y tipos de cambio estables, el país no ha podido superar los grandes rezagos derivados de la crisis de los 80, y sigue afrontando grandes retos en materia de pobreza y desigualdad, así como de déficit fiscal, este último agravado paradójicamente por las mismas políticas de promoción de exportaciones y de atracción de inversión implementadas en el país; basadas en incentivos fiscales que no favorecen la estabilidad de las finanzas públicas.
En la actualidad, el país afronta además retos asociados al uso insostenible de recursos ambientales, tal es el caso de la gestión del recurso hídrico, la poca planificación en el uso del suelo y el abuso en el consumo de agroquímicos.
Digital Activism Practices of Pelita Padang Community in Voicing Diversity Issues Through Instagram @pelita.padang
Authors: Putera AB Sarca , Adriyani Ayu , Akbar Amin , Firlian Muhammad Al Fikrah
Published: January 2025

The Setara Institute for Democracy and Peace places Padang City on the list of 10 cities with the lowest tolerance levels from 2017 to 2023. This reflects that the city government's efforts to maintain diversity have not been optimal. Therefore, reflection is needed, one of which is through information technology to encourage the birth of digital activism. This study examines the social situation that triggers activism, especially in the digital space, and the optimization of digital platforms in supporting the movement. The study used a qualitative descriptive method through semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Data were analyzed from content uploaded by the Pelita Padang Community on Instagram @pelita.padang. The study results show that Indonesia's political and social dynamics mainly drive Pelita Padang's activism. This community effectively combines offline and online activities to expand the reach of its movement. Social media is used as a means of education, campaigning, and collaboration, strengthening their activism's impact. In conclusion, the combination of offline and digital activism by the Pelita Padang Community has responded to the challenges of intolerance in Padang City. This approach proves that optimizing social media can be a strategic tool to strengthen solidarity and diversity in society.
Geografía leonesa y leyendas heroicas en la «Estoria de España» de Alfonso X
Authors: Bautista Francisco
Published: January 2025

Este artículo se propone examinar las características y las implicaciones de la representación del espacio geográfico del reino de León en la tradición épico-heroica española. Se valora la presencia de itinerarios geográficos comparándola con otros textos épicos, y se propone una aproximación semántica a las principales facetas de la geografía leonesa, como sede del poder, como teatro de la guerra o como hito en la ruta de peregrinación a Santiago. Se examina, en fin, el papel que la semántica de estas leyendas, y en especial de su geografía, puede haber desempeñado en su inclusión dentro de la Estoria de España de Alfonso X, donde estos relatos sirven de complemento, y también en última instancia de corrección, de la tradición historiográfica latina, predominantemente leonesa.
Nuevos datos sobre la periodización de los tratamientos nominales verticales ascendentes entre la nobleza andaluza del siglo XVIII
Authors: Puerma-Bonilla Javier
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo analiza los tratamientos nominales verticales ascendentes, esto es, de hijos políticos a padres políticos, con usos vocativos y referenciales, entre la nobleza andaluza de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. Por un lado, el corpus epistolar sugiere una más temprana periodización de las fórmulas de tratamiento papa y mama en Andalucía. Por otro lado, los datos advierten de un estadio de variación pragmática en que las formas padre, madre, papa y mama son empleadas respecto de los padres en sentido estricto, mientras que padre y madre se reservan para los padres políticos. Finalmente, incluimos el estudio de las combinatorias pronominales alternativas consignadas, entre las que descuella el laísmo.
Pujante Sánchez, J. David. El mundo en la palabra: retórica como antídoto de necedades. Barcelona: Ariel,2024. 248 pp. (ISBN: 978-84-344-3784-5)
Authors: Castro-Robaina Israel
Published: January 2025

Book Review
Domestic Animals in Hinduism: an Exposition of Hierarchies and Relationships
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Sbitnev V. S.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the ideas expressed in the sacred scriptures of Hinduism about the spiritual nature of animals and the evolution of their consciousness in the process of rebirth (reincarnation), provides a hierarchy of animals, and reveals the provisions of the principle of non-violence (ahimsa) – an important component of the spirituality of Hinduism. The ideas of Hindu followers about domestic animals are presented, some of which are endowed with the status of "sacred animal". The relationship between the animal and the deity is analyzed, stories about animals from the sacred scriptures of Hinduism are given, and information about animal sacrifices is presented.
A system for tracking the increase in the biological mass of the fish keeping pool
Authors: Rudzeyt Oleg , Artemenko Alexander , Yakovenko Andrey , Maltceva Dana
Published: January 2025

Estimating the biomass volume of fish in a pond is one of the most common and relevant practices in the cultivation of biological organisms. Regular real-time data collection on fish biomass is required by researchers to optimize daily feeding, control stocking density, and determine the optimal time for collecting biological samples. Unfortunately, assessing fish biomass volume without human intervention is quite challenging, as fish move freely in an aquatic environment where visibility, lighting, and environmental stability factors are beyond control. To date, the most common method for assessing fish biomass has primarily been manual sampling, which is typically invasive, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. In this context, it is necessary and desirable to develop
non-invasive, fast, and economical methods. Machine vision and video stream analysis from cameras help develop non-invasive, faster, and cheaper methods for assessing fish biomass in ponds. This article summarizes the experience of developing such methods for assessing fish biomass and presents their main concepts and principles. The strengths and weaknesses of each method are analyzed, and future research directions are presented. Research shows that the application of information technologies, such as advanced sensors and communication technologies, plays a significant role in accelerating the development of new tools and methods for more effective biomass assessment. The main goal of this study was to develop an automatic system for assessing fish volume using machine vision, collecting visual data on the geometric characteristics of fish extracted from the video stream, and machine learning algorithms exemplified by the Haar cascade. However, the accuracy of these methods still needs improvement to meet the requirements of intensive aquaculture.