bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexible SERS platform based on Ti3C2Tx-modified filter paper: preparation and SERS application
Authors: Liu Rongyang , Jiang Li , Yu Zizhen , Chen Yi , Xu Rui , Jin Shangzhong
Published: July 2020

A novel, simple, and inexpensive flexible surface-enhanced Raman-scattering (SERS) platform based on common laboratory filter paper modified with

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flakes was reported.

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synthesized from a

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phase with a mixture of HCl and LiF and

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nanosheets were characterized by the TEM, XRD, UV–Vis spectrum, and Raman spectrum. Paper-based substrate has been proven to sample on rough and irregular surfaces. Thus,

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was further manufactured as paper substrate by the immersion method to transfer nanosheets to filter paper. SERS activity of prepared substrate was demonstrated using R6G by the same filter paper modified with and without

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, and various concentrations of R6G were tested to prove the sensitivity of the substrates. Further detection of CV and MG certified the universality of paper substrate based on

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nanosheets for detection of organic pollutants. The uniformity and stability were proved by CV and R6G molecules. This SERS platform combines the advantages of 2D material and flexible paper scaffolds, resulting in a highly sensitive, cost-efficient, and easy-to-manufacture large-scale flexible substrate and is expected to be used in practice.
Study on the effects of terahertz radiation on gene networks of Escherichia coli by means of fluorescent biosensors
Authors: Serdyukov Danil S. , Goryachkovskaya Tatiana N. , Mescheryakova Irina A. , Bannikova Svetlana V. , Kuznetsov Sergei A. , Cherkasova Olga P. , Popik Vasiliy M. , Peltek Sergey E.
Published: July 2020

Three novel fluorescent biosensors sensitive to terahertz (THz) radiation were developed via transformation ofEscherichia coli(E. coli) cells with plasmids, in which a promotor of genesmatA,safA, orchbBcontrols the expression of a fluorescent protein. The biosensors were exposed to THz radiation from two sources: a high-intensity pulsed short-wave free electron laser and a low-intensity continuous long-wave IMPATT-diode-based device. The threshold and dynamics of fluorescence were found to depend on radiation parameters and exposure time. Heat shock or chemical stress yielded the absence of fluorescence induction. The biosensors are evaluated to be suitable for studying influence of THz radiation on the activity of gene networks related with considered gene promoters.
Dancing with the spirits, Act 1: ‘Being grounded and being able to fly are not mutually exclusive’1
Authors: Kieft Eline
Published: July 2020

This article is the first of a diptych, to discuss a particular approach to dancing with the spirit world, from a contemporary shamanic perspective as taught by the Scandinavian Center for Shamanic Studies. It emerges from my participation in the Spirit Dance Workshop from 24 to 29 June 2012 in Sweden with Jonathan Horwitz and Zara Waldebäck, which in turn led to interviewing them over Skype on 9 August 2016. After methodological reflections on source justification, personal immersion and embodied enquiry, this article introduces the concept of spirits in (this) shamanic context and discusses the possibility and etiquette of relating with other-than-human-beings through dance. It contemplates the notion of power and empowerment, drawing from three concrete examples of dancing with the spirit of a tree, the spirit of the night and the spirit of a power animal. Instead of a conclusion, I offer an entr’acte as an in-between, linking this first Act/Article/Acticle of the diptych with the second to come, which will focus on community, ceremony and performance.
The innate human potential of elevated and ecstatic states of consciousness: Examining freeform dance as a means of access
Authors: Fasullo Lisa , Hernandez Alina , Bodeker Gerard
Published: July 2020

Throughout time and across global, spiritual traditions and cultures, elevated/ecstatic states of human experience have been recognized, aspired to and valued as discernible, relevant and inherent states of consciousness for humans to access regularly. This article offers an overview of the existence of the human, innate drive to attain elevated/ecstatic states. This subject area has been examined through a variety of theories, from the biological to the philosophical, and referenced to the considerable body of research on this topic. The authors propose that these states are normal, necessary and purposeful. We posit the emerging genre of freeform/ecstatic dance as being at the beginning stages of a potential cultural revival – a ‘movement’ movement of sorts – as this genre re-introduces western and eastern cultures to what is, in reality, an ancient tradition carried out by and chronicled in civilizations throughout time. Freeform/ecstatic ways of movement and release are put forth as a practical and effective way of accessing essentially blissful and expanded states of consciousness that can, in turn, enhance mood, improve self-esteem and provide a practical application for a postmodern daily wellness practice.
Sartre and somatics for the pedagogy of movement in contemporary dance
Authors: James Maisie Beth , Stockman Caroline
Published: July 2020

Drawing on somatic practice, psychology, philosophy and the dance experience, this article operationalizes Sartre’s ideological response to movement pedagogy. The ‘thisness’ experience of embodiment during traditional dance styles negatively impacts on the realization of our body’s somatic potential. However, Sartre’s ‘body-for-itself’ mode can be stimulated with certain somatic practices, due to the concentration on the inner experience and sensations present in the body. In this sense, the body becomes a learning outcome in itself, through a deep and respectful connection with the dancer’s inner being. Pedagogically, this combination of Sartre’s theory with holistic techniques of the self, specifically the fundamental principles of Feldenkrais and dance literacy, can benefit the realization of individual potential during dance, and optimize positive embodiment. This article discusses initial materializations of the learning experiences of the dance student, informed by Sartre’s thinking on embodiment, and a theoretical discussion of the pedagogical implications of Sartre’s ideas for somatic pedagogy in contemporary dance.
Sympathetic holding and parasympathetic release: Vagal tone and beta, alpha and theta in bio-somatic dance movement naturotherapy
Authors: Williamson Amanda , James Maisie Beth , Tucker Vanessa
Published: July 2020

This article will be of interest to somatic movement dance therapists who work with people suffering from stress, anxiety and depression. Anyone suffering from sympathetic neural expression (fear and anxiety) might find this article useful. Within this article I detail information and practice that supports participants moving from a sympathetic state into parasympathetic release. Two of my students have provided practice-based enactments of the physiological theory they study on the programme ‘bio-somatic dance movement naturotherapy’. The article is divided into five parts. Each part provides theory about the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the vagus nerve and the practice of bio-somatic dance movement naturotherapy. The first part is called ‘The intelligence of the autonomic nervous system’. The second part is called ‘The vagus nerve'. The third part is called ‘The geography of the autonomic nervous system’. The fourth part is called ‘The New Vagus’. The fifth part is called ‘Beta, alpha and theta’. The article provides essential information on embodied healing, offered to enhance our understanding about the scientific underpinnings of practice. Another area covered is the relationship between the parasympathetic and beta, alpha and theta.
Relações entre parentalidade e ajustamento psicológico infantil
Authors: Pereira Letícia Paulino , Zanatta Bruna , Pereira Camila Selau , Grzybowski Luciana Suárez
Published: July 2020

As repercussões das relações familiares sob o desenvolvimento infantil vêm ganhando espaço significativo na literatura nas últimas décadas. Neste contexto, a parentalidade tem especial relevância, favorecendo o ajustamento psicológico infantil ou o desenvolvimento de sintomas externalizantes e internalizantes nos filhos. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura, acerca da parentalidade e suas relações com o ajustamento psicológico de crianças em séries iniciais. Foram avaliados artigos desenvolvidos entre 2007 e 2017, em inglês e português, nas bases Bireme, Scopus, Pubmed e Cochrane, utilizando os descritores: Parenting AND children ajustment AND/OR school age, sendo incluídos estudos com crianças de 6 a 10 anos, faixa etária compatível com os anos escolares iniciais. Foram elegíveis 36 artigos, os quais são apresentados por ano de publicação, origem e delineamento metodológico, seus informantes e os principais instrumentos utilizados para a avaliação da parentalidade e do ajustamento infantil.  Destaca-se um grande número de estudos contemplando programas de intervenção na parentalidade como base das pesquisas e a crescente inclusão da criança como respondente. Urge a necessidade de ampliar as investigações sobre a temática no cenário latino americano, colaborando para o desenvolvimento saudável destas populações.
O Sistema Alerta Precoce para o Insucesso Escolar – SAPIE
Authors: Cordeiro Pedro Miguel , Paixão Maria Paula Barbas Albuquerque , Silva José Tomás , Castro Marília Gurgel de , Morais Mariana Monteiro
Published: July 2020

De acordo com legislação relativa à educação inclusiva, as políticas de combate ao insucesso e abandono escolar devem centrar-se essencialmente no trabalho preventivo, cientificamente sustentado, precocemente implementado e empiricamente validado por sistemas eficientes de sinalização precoce, monitorização e avaliação do impacto. Com este objetivo em mente, desenvolveu-se o Sistema de Alerta Precoce para o Insucesso Escolar – SAPIE, uma ferramenta inovadora de combate ao insucesso escolar que identifica o risco de retenção ou abandono escolar precoce, monitoriza o progresso dos alunos nos indicadores de risco e analisa o impacto da intervenção inclusiva ao longo do tempo. Neste artigo, apresenta-se o SAPIE, descrevendo a sua ancoragem científica no seio da investigação realizada no âmbito dos modelos de risco, especificando o seu desenvolvimento e procedimento de implementação, com referência aos seus objetivos, funcionalidades e os resultados esperados. Esta apresentação é feita com base na consulta de bibliografias disponíveis em diversas fontes (base de dados, relatórios, decretos lei, entre outros). Discutem-se as vantagens e limitações do SAPIE, concluindo-se pela sua relevância no combate ao insucesso escolar, no quadro da política de educação inclusiva e dos projetos de autonomia e flexibilidade curricular.
Resumos da 3ª Mostra de Doutoramento em Psicologia
Authors: FPCE Universidade de Coimbra
Published: July 2020

A 3ª Mostra de Doutoramento em Psicologia (MDP) foi um espaço de discussão científica e disseminação das investigações em desenvolvimento no âmbito do doutoramento em Psicologia na Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra – FPCEUC. Decorreu a 4 de Novembro de 2019 inserida no PsihDay, um dia dedicado ao doutoramento em Psicologia na FPCEUC, no âmbito das comemorações do 39ª aniversário desta Faculdade. A Comissão Organizadora foi composta na íntegra por estudantes de doutoramento em Psicologia na FPCEUC. A 3ª MDP consistiu na apresentação oral de posters pelas/os doutorandas/os em Psicologia, seguida de discussão. Todas/os as/os doutorandas/os em Psicologia na FPCEUC foram convidadas/os a participar, independentemente da fase em que se encontrava o desenvolvimento das sua teses e os resumos submetidos foram sujeitos a um processo de avaliação pela Comissão Científica. Os resumos apresentados neste número da Psychologica reflectem a diversidade de propostas científicas, quer em termos de áreas temáticas, quer dos momentos do percurso de investigação.

COMISSÃO CIENTÍFICA – Coordenador do Doutoramento em Psicologia, Joaquim Pires Valentim e Comissão de Coordenação do Doutoramento em Psicologia, Maria Cristina Canavarro, Maria Paula Paixão, Maria Salomé Pinho, Teresa Rebelo e Bruno Cecílio de Sousa

COMISSÃO ORGANIZADORA – Ana Laura Mendes, Ana Rita Martins, Diogo Carreiras, Francisca Duarte, Joana Simões, Julieta Azevedo e Susana Pereira
Natal Verde - 30 Anos de Postais de Jorge Paiva
Authors: Trincão Paulo , Pereira Lídia , Paiva Ana Rita
Published: July 2020

Natal Verde - 30 anos de Postais de Jorge Paiva, livro organizado pelo Exploratório - Centro Ciência Viva de Coimbra, numa parceria com a Ordem dos Biólogos e edição da Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, reúne a coleção de postais de Natal que Jorge Paiva, bólogo e incansável ativista na defesa da biodiversidade e do ambiente, publica e distribui um pouco por todo o mundo, desde 1990. “Apreciem a beleza dos postais, leiam atentamente e aprendam com as suas mensagens”. [José Matos] “A sua mensagem chegou a muitos milhares de pessoas, alunos, professores, leitores e fez com que muitos sentissem que poderiam, como ele, contribuir para “salvar o planeta””. [Paulo Renato Trincão] “Esta edição é uma ferramenta muito válida no trabalho educacional e no aprofundamento coletivo da consciência cívica […]”. [Luís Simões da Silva] “Cada postal conta uma história de biodiversidade de forma distinta, mas sempre com pertinência e desafio, interpelando-nos a agir”. Helena Freitas
Lux and current analysis on lab-scale smart grid system using Mamdani fuzzy logic controller
Authors: Prasetyo Bayu , Aziz Faiz Syaikhoni , Handayani Anik Nur , Priharta Ari , Bin Che Ani Adi Izhar
Published: July 2020

The increasing need for electrical energy requires suppliers to innovate in developing electric distribution systems that are better in terms of quality and affordability. In its development, it is necessary to have a control that can combine the electricity network from renewable energy and the main network through voltage back-up or synchronization automatically. The purpose of this research is to create an innovative lux and current analysis on a lab-scale smart grid system using a fuzzy logic controller to control the main network, solar panel network and generator network to supply each other with lab-scale electrical energy. In the control, Mamdani fuzzy logic controller method is used as the basis for determining the smart grid system control problem solving by adjusting the current conditions on the main network and the light intensity conditions on the LDR sensor. Current conditions are classified in three conditions namely safe, warning, and trip. Meanwhile, the light intensity conditions are classified into three conditions namely dark, cloudy and bright. From the test results, the utility grid (PLN) is at active conditions when the load current is 0.4 A (safe) and light intensity is 1,167 Lux (dark). Then the PLN + PV condition is active when the load current is 1.37 (warning) and the light intensity is 8,680 lux (bright). Finally, the generator condition is active when the load current is 1.6 (trip) and the light intensity is 8,680 (bright). Based on the test results, it is known that the system can work to determine which source is more efficient based on the parameters obtained.
Preliminary study of 50 W Class-E GaN FET amplifier for 6.78 MHz capacitive wireless power transfer
Authors: Muharam Aam , Mostafa Tarek Mahmoud , Ahmad Suziana , Masuda Mitsuru , Obara Daiki , Hattori Reiji , Hapid Abdul
Published: July 2020

A preliminary study of Class-E radio frequency power amplifier for wireless capacitive power transfer (CPT) system is presented in this paper. Due to a limitation in coupling capacitance value, a high frequency operation of switching power inverter is necessary for the CPT system. A GaN MOSFET offers reliability and performance in a high frequency operation with an improved efficiency over a silicon device. Design specification related to the parallel load parameter, LC impedance matching and experimental analysis of the amplifier is explored. An experimental setup for the proposed inverter and its integration with the CPT system is provided, and the power efficiency is investigated. As a result, by utilizing a 6.78 MHz resonant frequency and a 50 Ω resistive load, 50 W of power has been transmitted successfully with an end to end system efficiency over 81 %. Additionally, above 17 W wireless power transfer was demonstrated successfully in the CPT system under 6 pF coupling with the efficiency over 70 %.
Open feed organic heater pressure analysis on single-stage regenerative organic Rankine cycle performance
Authors: Pikra Ghalya , Rohmah Nur , Pramana Rakhmad Indra , Purwanto Andri Joko
Published: July 2020

Single-stage regenerative organic Rankine cycle (SSRORC) is a system that is used for increasing the simple organic Rankine cycle (ORC) performance. Open feed organic heater (OFOH) addition in the ORC system increase power and efficiency of the system. This paper analyzes the SSRORC performance with a variation of P6/P1 ranges from 1.25 to 3.75 with an increment of 0.25, where P6 is the OFOH pressure at the inlet side and P1 is the pressure at the inlet pump 1, respectively. Hot water was used as the heat source with 100 °C and 100 l/min of temperature and volume flow rate as the initial data. R227ea, R245fa, and R141b were chosen as working fluids for performance analysis. The analysis was performed by calculating the heat input, heat loss, pump and turbine power, net power, and thermal efficiency through energy balance. Exergy input, exergy output, and exergy efficiency were analyzed through exergy balance. The results show that P6/P1 = 2 obtains the highest performance than the other pressure ratios for R227ea, while R245fa and R141b obtain the highest performance at P6/P1 = 2.25. R141b has better performance than the other two fluids with 10.97 % and 11.96 % for thermal and exergy efficiency. The results show that the ratio of OFOH pressure at the inlet side to the pressure at inlet pump 1 (P6/P1) in the middle value obtains the best performance.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: August 2020
Authors: Tharian Benjamin
Published: July 2020

Article Title: Management of Post-Cholecystectomy Biliary Complications: A Narrative Review
El río Barrancas como espacio vivido
Authors: Paoloni Mónica G. , Boetto Analía R.
Published: July 2020

Se aborda el estudio del Río Barrancas, en Alpa Corral, provincia de Córdoba, considerado como el atractivo primario, que le da identidad a la Villa y atrae el turismo. Se analiza del río, el significado simbólico que tiene para su gente, la que vive allí, los turistas de muchos años y los recientes nuevos inversores. La metodología aplicada es de tipo cualitativa y la información se obtuvo de la observación directa y participante. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a los actores sociales involucrados. Es allí donde surgen las preguntas que acompañan el problema de investigación: ¿Cuáles han sido las transformaciones territoriales que ha tenido la Villa de Alpa Corral, desde mediados del siglo pasado a la actualidad, según sus propios actores sociales? ¿Cómo ha sido y es el ritmo de los cambios? y ¿Cuál es y será el impacto en el paisaje del río, desde sus mismas percepciones?
Nuevas estrategias de valorización turística en el litoral norte del Partido de General Pueyrredón (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Rigonat María Cecilia , Morrell Patricia Alejandra
Published: July 2020

El litoral marplatense reconoce al turismo de sol y playa como el principal factor de valorización del territorio, sin embargo, este proceso abrigó fuertes desigualdades. El sector norte del partido de General Pueyrredón ha cumplido el rol de absorber las externalidades derivadas de la construcción del puerto y del vertido de los efluentes de la ciudad. El objetivo de este trabajo apunta a interpretar los procesos de valorización diferencial del territorio, que han dado lugar a funcionalizaciones territoriales específicas, en el marco de la actividad turística. La metodología de trabajo apunta a identificar las diferentes actuaciones espaciales –y las intencionalidades de quienes las llevaron a cabo- desde una mirada diacrónica-sincrónica. Si bien a lo largo de siglo XX se asistió a un paulatino proceso de desvalorización y deterioro ambiental del litoral norte algunas intervenciones del sector público y privado plantean el interrogante sobre una posible refuncionalización turística.
PSYCHOEMOTIONAL FEATURES IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Velikanov Arsenii Apetovich , Stolyarova Anna Aleksandrovna , Kruglova Nadezhda Evgenevna , Demchenko Elena Alekseevna
Published: July 2020

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common diseases and the most common cause of death worldwide. It is known that psychosocial factors have a definite effect on the development and course of CHD. In this regard, the study of the psychoemotional characteristics of patients with CHD and their psychological features seems to be extremely important for the development and improvement of preventive measures, as well as psychotherapeutic work with this group of patients. Aim: The article aims to analyze modern foreign studies for considering the psychoemotional factors and psychological characteristics inherent in patients with coronary artery disease, as well as their impact on the development, course, and outcome of the disease. Conclusion: The present work studies and summarizes the digest of scientific literature on the features of the psychoemotional sphere of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The information about the link between psychoemotional factors and CHD is presented. In particular, a review of the role of anxiety and depression in CHD is presented. It is noted that describing the psychoemotional characteristics of patients with CHD requires taking into account not only the likely symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders but such manifestations as hostility, fatigue, and stress. The present study shows that the role of traditional psychological factors in CHD is disputable and ambiguous. According to the results of the review, a comprehensive study of psychoemotional and personal characteristics in patients with cardiovascular pathology is essential to improve means for correcting psychological risk factors of CHD and its consequences, as well as for reducing their negative impact.
DYNAMICS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STATUS IN CHILDREN WITH CANCER IN PREPARATION FOR THE “GAME OF WINNERS”
Authors: Sidorenko Lyudmila Vasilevna , Petrushkina Nadezhda Petrovna , Zhukovskaya Elena Vyacheslavovna , Kolomiets Olga Ivanovna , Plachy Judit Kopkáné
Published: July 2020

In the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with cancer, physical exercise is considered as an additional method of prevention of anxiety spectrum disorders, which increases the level of self-esteem. Improving the psychological status of children can be associated with sports achievements when participating in the Winners Games competitions, preparation for which includes not only physical exercises but psychological support. The aim of the study was to assess the dynamics of the psychological status in children with cancer when preparing for the Winners Games. Material and methods: the study included 20 children with cancer aged from 8 to 12 years who were planning to participate in the Winners Games. Psychological support of theparticipants was aimed at self-regulation skills, relationships with partners and the coach, adequate motivation, and the exercises necessary for maintaining psychological status during the competition. A number of indicators were studied such as the level of self-esteem (Rosenberg test), the level of anxiety (the Luscher color test) and psychodiagnostic examination (the Cattell’s method) in the beginning of training and after three months. To compare the average group values, the Student's T-test was used. To evaluate the distribution (qualitative characteristics), the Fischer F-test was performed. Results: an assessment of the dynamics of the psychophysiological status in children with cancer preparing for the Winners Games (at the beginning of training and 3 months after physical training and psychological support) revealed a decrease in the number of children with low self-esteem and high anxiety (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant improvement in the emotional-volitional and communicative properties of children, as well as in the features of interpersonal interaction. There was a significant difference in terms of extreme estimates (low and high level) indicating the improvement of emotional stability and motivation, as well as the reduction of anxiety, isolation and timidity, and enhancement of sociability, courage. Conclusion: The results obtained demonstrate a decrease in the number of children with a low level and an increase in the number of children with a high level of emotionalvolitional characteristics and communicative properties, which indicates the effectiveness of psychological support for children with cancer preparing for the Winners Games.
VALUE AND SENSE PREFERENCES OF MODERN STUDENTS
Authors: Likhacheva Elena Andreevna , Shumakova Olga Alekseevna
Published: July 2020

Background. In the context of the worldview transformations that our dynamic time is so rich in, questions of the value and sense preferences of a person become especially relevant. These issues are especially significant in the youthful period. The awareness of young people of their value and sense preferences allows them to build their own path of behavior. Aim: The article aims to study value and sense preferences in adolescence (for example, in university students). Materials and methods. The study involved first to five-year students of Chelyabinsk State University, South Ural State Medical University and South Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University aged 17–22 (n = 100, 60 females and 40 males). The followingpsychodiagnostic methods were used: the test of meaning-life orientations (MLO) by D.A. Leontiev; the Value Orientations method by M. Rokich. To check the significance of differences, the Student t-test for independent samples, the Pearson Chi-square test and the r-Spearman correlation coefficient were calculated using the IBM SPSS STATISTICS v.23 statistical software package. Results. It was found that the indicators of MLO in first-year students are slightly higher than in fourth or fifth-year students, while the rates for females are higher than for males. The predominant interest is in the values of personal life and individualistic values, while abstract and conformist values are not particularly significant for males and females in these samples. Conclusion. The data obtained allow to judge about various value and sense preferences in the youthful period. Value and sense preferences are determined by honesty and courage in persisting in one’s opinion, determining the purpose of life, understanding personal responsibility for one’s life and its results.
THE SUBSTITUTE FAMILY AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PHENOMENON: STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES AND TYPICAL DIFFICULTIES
Authors: Galaguzova Yuliya Nikolaevna , Mazurchuk Nina Ivanovna
Published: July 2020

Background. Modern science needs to define the substitute family as a psychological and pedagogical phenomenon. One of the reasons for this scientific interest is the policy of deinstitutionalization – the state policy for the development of family forms of life for orphans and children left without parental care that focuses on potential parents, the values of motherhood, fatherhood and childhood. Aim. The article aims to identify the structural and functional featuresof the substitute family and typical difficulties that arise when communicating with a foster child. Materials and methods: 1) the study involved 100 parents participating in the monitoring support of the substitute family. All parents have higher education, are married, have the average age of 40 years, have no more than two own children, adopted children have own relatives; the study was conducted during a year; 2) the essay “I am a parent” was used; 3) methods of mathematical statistics were used, namely the Statistica 6.0 for Windows for processing the data obtained as a result of text content analysis. Results. The structural and functional features of the substitute family are indicated: open external borders, open circulation of information, lack of polarity in the characteristic of intrafamily emotional ties, a large number of specific (non-normative) tasks that require to be solved in the parent system, the need to take care of the child without mutual relationship, the parents' guilt due to dissatisfaction with the results of their educational activities, the establishment of communication between the child and his/her own relatives, the appearance of a sibling subsystem; a number of typical difficulties in substitute families are identified. Conclusion: based on the severity of typical difficulties in the sample of respondents, the authors reflected paradoxical facts in the functioning of the substitute family.
BIOELECTRIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN IN PUPILS WITH DIFFERENT ACADEMIC SUCCESS. REPORT 1. CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT ACADEMIC SUCCESS AS REPRESENTATIVES OF THE AGE NORM
Authors: Gileva Olga Borisovna
Published: July 2020

Background. Studying the bioelectric activity of the brain allows scientists to get a picture of brain functioning, including cognitive activity. The sensitivity of this method allows identifying and explaining subtle differences between children with different academic success, representatives of the age norm. However, additional research is needed to develop and substantiate measures of psychological and pedagogical support for schoolchildren for increasing their academic success. Aim. The paper aims to study rest and cognitive load EEG data in 12-year-old children and assess the compliance of these data with the age norm. Materials and methods. Twelve-year-old children participated in the study, both males (n = 25) and females (n = 26). The EEG was recorded using the CONAN-m equipment, and the electrodes were mounted according to a 10–20 system. The study was carried out under four experimental conditions: at rest and under cognitive load, which consisted of solving three types of tasks (verbal-logical, arithmetic, and spatial rotation of a figure). EEG spectral characteristics were evaluated depending on the recording conditions. Results. It was found that predominant alpha-range frequency in females was from 9.6 to 9.8 Hz, in boys it was slightly higher (about 9.9–10.1 Hz). Response to cognitive load was slightly different depending on the type of task. In general, it consisted of a slight increase in theta and beta ranges and a decrease in bioelectric activity in the alpha range. In males, an asymmetric, cross-type activation was found with a more pronounced alpha rhythm depression in the left frontal, temporal and right occipital regions. Conclusion: In general, the examined sample corresponded to the age norm according to rest and cognitive load EEG.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL FATIGUE IN PERSONS WITH HEALTH DISORDERS
Authors: Mikhalchi Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: July 2020

Background. The article discusses the qualitative and quantitative features of visual fatigue that persons of different nosological groups may experience. Visual fatigue is one of the factors in deterioration of the psychophysical status of both respondents with psychophysical impairments from the experimental group and relatively healthy individuals from the control group. Aim. The paper aims to study the features of the development of visual fatigue in people with different types of psychophysical disorders and different levels of health. Materials and method. During the study, the following methods were used: observation, self-assessment of the psychophysical status by respondents, and a survey. Results. The results of the study showed that respondents with impaired health and a relatively healthy people had different reasons for the development of visual fatigue and the manifestation of mental responses to intense visual stimuli. Therefore, the emergence and development of visual fatigue can depend both on the mental status of a person and on physical factors that reduce the adaptive capabilities of sensory systems and lead to negative mental responses and health deterioration. Two groups of respondents with a mental and organic basis for visual fatigue were identified. Some respondents showed that they had high levels of visual adaptation and resistance to visual fatigue. They use effective strategies for sensory discharge which can be applied to other groups distinguished by physical and mental symptoms of visual fatigue. Conclusion. The results can be used in the development and application of methods for the psychological and pedagogical support of persons with health problems and are aimed at reducing visual fatigue among participants in inclusive education.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT VOLUMES OF COMPUTER LOAD ON THE LATENT PERIODS OF A SIMPLE SENSORIMOTOR REACTION IN PRIMARY SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: Pankova Nataliya Borisovna , Lebedeva Marina Andreevna , Noskin Leonid Alekseevich , Khlebnikova Nadezhda Nikolaevna , Karganov Mikhail Yurievich
Published: July 2020

Background. The digitalization of education makes relevant monitoring studies for assessing the impact of computer technologies on the functional status of children, their cognitive ca-pabilities and somatic support (“adaptation cost”). Aim. The paper aims to study the impact of different computer load on sensorimotor reactivity in primary schoolchildren. Materials and methods. The data obtained in Moscow schools in 2006-2011 were analyzed. Surveys were carried out twice a year (October, March-April) in 66 different educational organizations. In total, the study included data on 4205 first-fourth year schoolchildren. To evaluate the reaction time (RT) of simple sensorimotor reactions to light (L) and acoustic (A) stimuli, the computer movement meter equipment (CMM, INTOX, St. Petersburg, Russia) was used. Also, the RTA / RTL ratio was used for analysis. Results. There is a correlation between RT (both RTL and RTA) and the general (lesson-related and extracurricular) volume of computer load. It was different depending on gender and the season, and was opposite for RTL and RTA. It was established that excessive computer load (exceeding hygienic standard requirements by 3 or more times) increased the seasonal variability of RTL in spring testing, principally in the third and fourthyear girls. However, under the influence of high computer loads, the RTA / RTL ratio also changes – seasonal varia-bility is formed as a decrease of this indicator in spring testing, principally in the third and fourth-year boys. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate the ambiguity of the effect of high computer loads on sensorimotor reactivity. On the one hand, there are symptoms of fatigue in children during the academic year, which requires compensation through health promotion education. On the other hand, there is a formation of a new skill during the academic year. This period of skill formation is recommended for extension through the summer period.
Intrinsic Markers Reveal Breeding Origin and Geographically-Structured Migration Timing of Two Songbird Species at a Coastal Stopover Site
Authors: Smetzer Jennifer R. , King David I.
Published: July 2020

We used stable hydrogen isotope markers to identify geographic provenance of Blackpoll Warblers (Setophaga striata) and Red-eyed Vireos (Vireo olivaceus) passing through a coastal stopover area in the Gulf of Maine on fall migration, and supplemented δ2 H signatures from feathers with wing length data as an additional proxy for migration origin, since geographic size variation has been documented for this species. We captured migrant blackpolls with putative origins from as close as the Adirondacks, New Brunswick, and northwestern Maine, and potentially as far as Alaska. We captured vireos with putative origins from as close as Maine and Nova Scotia, and potentially as far as British Columbia and Alberta. We found a significant relationship between blackpoll wing length and capture date indicating that birds with longer wings– and thus likely from more western and northern breeding regions – passed through the capture site earlier in the season than more local breeders. In contrast, vireos from more distant breeding latitudes passed through the capture site later in the season. These results demonstrate that mid-coast Maine serves as a catchment area for both Blackpoll Warblers, and Red-eyed Vireos, and provides some evidence that connectivity between breeding areas and stopover sites may be strong for blackpolls; however, additional study linking breeding and stopover sites across the migratory range of both species is necessary to understand more fully how strong connectivity is between breeding and stopover areas for these species.
Expanding Grids for Efficient Cloud Dynamics Simulations Across Scales
Authors: Marsico David H. , Stechmann Samuel N.
Published: July 2020

With large eddy simulations (LES) and/or cloud-resolving models (CRMs), it is now possible to simultaneously simulate shallow and deep convection. However, using traditional methods, the computational expense is typically very large, due to the small grid spacings needed to resolve shallow clouds. Here, the main purpose is to present a method that is computationally less expensive by a factor of roughly 10 to 50. Unlike traditional grid stretching of only the vertical z grid spacing, the present method involves expansion of the grid spacing in all coordinate directions (x,y,z) and time t. A ˝ne grid spacing of O(10)-O(100) m can be used near the surface to resolve boundary layer turbulence, and the grid spacing expands to be O(1000) m at higher altitudes, which reduces computational cost while still resolving deep convection. Example simulations are conducted with a simpli˝ed LES/CRM in 2D to verify the theoretical cost savings.
Beyond the classic extinction network: a wider, comparative view
Authors: Güntürkün Onur , Stüttgen Maik C. , Starosta Sarah , Pusch Roland , Gao Meng , Nitsche Michael , Ernst Thomas M. , Ladd Mark E. , Quick Harald H. , Timmann Dagmar
Published: July 2020

Extinction learning modifies the dynamics of brain circuits such that a previously learned conditioned response is no longer generated. The majority of extinction studies use fear conditioning in rodents and identified the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala as core regions of the extinction circuit. We sought to find answers to two questions: First, do we find a similar functional brain circuit in birds, which underwent a 300-million-year separate evolution from mammals? Second, do we have to incorporate the cerebellum as a key component of the central extinction circuit? We indeed show that the avian extinction pathways are not identical but highly similar to those of mammals. In addition, we reveal that the human cerebellum processes prediction errors, a key element driving extinction of learned fear responses, and contributes to context-related effects of extinction.
Bioinformatics analysis of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS/NOS2) in human glioma and its correlation with patients’ prognoses
Authors: Zhang Liping , Wang Huanyu , Feng Mei , Zhang Xueqing
Published: July 2020

Objective To evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS/NOS2) in human glioma and its correlation with patients’ prognoses.

Methods IiNOS/NOS2 expression in tumor and corresponding normal tissues of glioma patients was analyzed using the TCGA database and the online analysis tool GEPIA. The mutation statuses of iNOS/NOS2 genes were also explored in the TCGA database using cBioPortal. Co-expressed genes relevant to iNOS/NOS2 were screened by LinkedOmics. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment for iNOS/NOS2 and co-expressed genes was performed using LinkedOmics. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) outcomes between iNOS/NOS2 mRNA high and low expression groups were compared using a log-rank test. Twenty-two glioma patients who underwent operation were included in the present work. A real-time PCR assay was used to detect iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and normal brain tissue.

Results There was no statistical difference in iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression levelss between tumor and normal tissues of glioma. A real-time PCR assay indicated that iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and normal brain tissues were not statistical difference (p>0.05). A mutation rate of 0.8% for the iNOS/NOS2 gene was found using 1044 glioma patients from two datasets. The mutation types include deep deletion (0.4%), truncating (0.2%) and missense (0.2%). The top positive and negative co-expressed gene with iNOS/NOS2 were COL25A1 (rpearson=0.4734, p<0.05) and ALCAM (rpearson=0.4734, p<0.05), respectively. For KEGG pathway analysis, iNOS/NOS2 was mainly enriched in calcium signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and pathways in cancer. The overall survival (HR=2.0, p<0.05) and disease-free survival (HR=1.6, p<0.05) values were significantly different between iNOS/NOS2 high and low expression groups.

Conclusion OS and DFS were significantly decreased in high iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression groups. iNOS/NOS2 can be used as a poor prognostic biomarker for glioma.
Direct Interconnection and Investment Incentives for Content Quality
Authors: Kim Soo Jin
Published: July 2020

This paper analyzes the effects of direct interconnection agreements in the Internet backbone on content quality investment for content providers (CPs). The model assumes that when the Internet service provider (ISP) has a vertical affiliation with one CP, the ISP directly interconnects the affiliated CP’s traffic to its network for free while collecting a direct interconnection fee from the unaffiliated CP. If the unaffiliated CP’s traffic is indirectly interconnected to the ISP’s network via a third party transit provider, its network quality is lower than that via a direct interconnection. For the CPs’ content quality investments, I find that the affiliated CP invests more in content when the rival indirectly interconnects, leading to a higher total level of content investment. Accordingly, there is a condition under which the ISP does not want to offer direct interconnection to the unaffiliated CP. However, consumers are not always worse off from this interconnection foreclosure. Thus, the regulation of a paid direct interconnection does not necessarily enhance welfare in terms of consumer surplus.
Endogenous Opsin 3 (OPN3) Protein Expression in the Adult Brain Using a Novel OPN3-mCherry Knock-In Mouse Model
Authors: Olinski Lauren E. , Tsuda Ayumi C. , Kauer Julie A. , Oancea Elena
Published: July 2020

The opsins have been studied extensively for their functions in visual phototransduction; however, the mechanisms underlying extraocular opsin signaling remain poorly understood. The first mammalian extraocular opsin to be discovered, opsin 3 (OPN3), was found in the brain more than two decades ago, yet its function remains unknown. A significant hindrance to studying OPN3 has been a lack of specific antibodies against mammalian OPN3, resulting in an incomplete understanding of its expression in the brain. AlthoughOpn3promoter-driven reporter mice have been generated to examine general OPN3 localization, they lack the regulated expression of the endogenous protein and the ability to study its subcellular localization. To circumvent these issues, we have created a knock-in OPN3-mCherry mouse model in which the fusion protein OPN3-mCherry is expressed under the endogenousOpn3promoter. Viable and fertile homozygotes for theOPN3-mCherryallele were used to create an extensive map of OPN3-mCherry expression across the adult mouse brain. OPN3-mCherry was readily visualized in distinct layers of the cerebral cortex (CTX), the hippocampal formation (HCF), distinct nuclei of the thalamus, as well as many other regions in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Our mouse model offers a new platform to investigate the function of OPN3 in the brain.
c-KIT oncogene expression in PRKAR1A-mutant adrenal cortex
Authors: Nadella Kiran , Faucz Fabio R , Stratakis Constantine A
Published: July 2020

Protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunit type 1A (PRKAR1A) defects lead to primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD). The KIT protooncogene (c-KIT) is not known to be expressed in the normal adrenal cortex (AC). In this study, we investigated the expression of c-KIT and its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), in PPNAD and other cortisol-producing tumors of the adrenal cortex. mRNA and protein expression, by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunoblotting (IB), respectively, were studied. We then tested c-KIT and SCF responses to PRKAR1A introduction and PKA stimulation in adrenocortical cell lines CAR47 and H295R, which were also treated with the KIT inhibitor, imatinib mesylate (IM). Mice xenografted with H295R cells were treated with IM. There was increased c-KIT mRNA expression in PPNAD; IHC showed KIT and SCF immunoreactivity within certain nodular areas in PPNAD. IB data was consistent with IHC and mRNA data. PRKAR1A-deficient CAR47 cells expressed c-KIT; this was enhanced by forskolin and lowered by PRKAR1A reintroduction. Knockdown of PKA’s catalytic subunit (PRKACA) by siRNA reduced c-KIT levels. Treatment of the CAR47 cells with IM resulted in reduced cell viability, growth arrest, and apoptosis. Treatment with IM of mice xenografted with H295 cells inhibited further tumor growth. We conclude that c-KIT is expressed in PPNAD, an expression that appears to be dependent on PRKAR1A and/or PKA activity. In a human adrenocortical cell line and its xenografts in mice, c-KIT inhibition decreased growth, suggesting that c-KIT inhibitors may be a reasonable alternative therapy to be tested in PPNAD, when other treatments are not optimal.
Genome-Wide Dynamic Evaluation of the UV-Induced DNA Damage Response
Authors: Silva Erica , Michaca Manuel , Munson Brenton , Bean Gordon J , Jaeger Philipp A , Licon Katherine , Winzeler Elizabeth A , Ideker Trey
Published: July 2020

Genetic screens in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have allowed for the identification of many genes as sensors or effectors of DNA damage, typically by comparing the fitness of genetic mutants in the presence or absence of DNA-damaging treatments. However, these static screens overlook the dynamic nature of DNA damage response pathways, missing time-dependent or transient effects. Here, we examine gene dependencies in the dynamic response to ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage by integrating ultra-high-density arrays of 6144 diploid gene deletion mutants with high-frequency time-lapse imaging. We identify 494 ultraviolet radiation response genes which, in addition to recovering molecular pathways and protein complexes previously annotated to DNA damage repair, include components of the CCR4-NOT complex, tRNA wobble modification, autophagy, and, most unexpectedly, 153 nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes. Notably, mitochondria-deficient strains present time-dependent insensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, posing impaired mitochondrial function as a protective factor in the ultraviolet radiation response.