bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobilising gender equality: A discourse analysis of bids to host the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™
Authors: Desjardins Bridgette M
Published: March 2021

After an exciting bidding process featuring competing submissions from Brazil, Colombia and Japan, Australia and New Zealand were chosen to co-host the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2023™. Using feminist discourse analysis to examine the narrative strategies employed by the bidding nations, this article demonstrates that bidding nations discursively mobilised themes of gender equality to position their bids favourably. They did so by asserting themselves as leaders in women’s sport and gender equality, and by emphasising strategies for growing women’s football. Bidding nations situate themselves as benevolent rescuers of struggling women’s sport without acknowledging their accountability for policies and practices that disenfranchised women’s football in the first place. This article argues that the mobilisation of gender equality discourses by bidding nations problematically uses neoliberal feminist logics, stripping pro-women messages such as equal opportunity and empowerment of political context and repackaging them in commercially viable ways. Ultimately, although bidding nations use discourses of gender equality to position themselves favourably, existing levels of gender inequality reveal the limits of their positioning.
Social globalisation and quality of democracy: An analysis for old and young democracies
Authors: Jerabek Marketa
Published: March 2021

The literature on globalisation and democracy has primarily paid attention to economic integration and its effects on democracies. Systematic empirical evidence on the effects of social globalisation on democracy is absent. This article intends to fill this gap. Social globalisation is disaggregated into interpersonal, information and cultural globalisation. I apply the generalised method of moments estimation and analyse democracies encompassing the periods 1970–1991 and 1991–2017. The results indicate that the democratic qualities affected by social globalisation are freedom of expression, equal access and protection, and the quality of elections. The moderating effect of a given country’s democracy stock has been confirmed across different estimations. However, and especially during the post–Cold War period, younger and older democracies benefit equally from the increased spread of information caused by globalisation with regard to equal access. Equally, both categories experience similar challenges with the rise of interpersonal globalisation in terms of the quality of elections.
Researching ‘non-sexualities’ via creative notebooks: epistemology, embodiment and empowerment
Authors: Cuthbert Karen
Published: March 2021

This article contributes to and extends critical scholarship on the philosophy and practical application of creative methods. I suggest that claims commonly made regarding the ‘potential’ of creative methods can be (re)organised as claims relating to (1) epistemology, (2) embodiment and (3) empowering participants. I evaluate these claims through the contextual lens of a research project on ‘non-sexualities’ wherein I incorporated a creative element (creative notebooks) into the research design. Through analysis of research artefacts and observations of the research process, I reflect upon how the notebooks were particularly good for ‘getting at’ embodiment and had a clear epistemological value in facilitating expressions of complexity, contradictions and ambiguities. However, I also discuss my scepticism with regard to claims made about the empowering potential of creative methods, as the notebooks potentially worked to reproduce certain power dynamics rather than eliminate them. I argue that class in particular needs to be given more attention in critical accounts of creative methods.
Fewer Wrong-Site Peripheral Nerve Blocks Following Updates to Anesthesia Time-Out Policy
Authors: Harris Stephen N. , Ortolan Sarah C. , Edmonds Chris R. , Fields Kara G. , Liguori Gregory A.
Published: March 2021

Background: Peripheral nerve block (PNB) has been shown to be safe and effective, and its use has continued to increase, but it is not without risks. One potentially preventable risk is wrong-site blocks (WSBs). Our institution mandated a time-out process before PNB in 2003, and then in 2007 made two more changes to our policy to mitigate risk: (1) the circulating/block nurse was the only person permitted to access the block needles; after a time-out period was complete, the nurse gave the needles to the anesthesiologist; and (2) the nurse remained at the patient’s bedside until the PNB was initiated. Purpose: We sought to compare the incidence of WSBs before and after this time-out process was implemented in 2003 and the enhanced form of it was implemented in 2007. We hypothesized that the enhanced process would decrease the incidence of WSBs. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data, from January 2003 to December 2016, taken from the quality assurance and performance improvement (QA/PI) division of the anesthesiology department at our institution, which maintained daily statistics on anesthetic types using quality audits from paper or electronic anesthesia records. All WSBs from this period were reported to the QA/PI division and root cause analyses performed. The incidence of WSB was compared pre- and post-implementation of the enhanced time-out policy for upper extremity, lower extremity, and all blocks by calculating relative risks with 95% score confidence intervals and performing Fisher’s exact tests. Results: The incidence of WSBs decreased from 1.10/10,000 before changes to the policy were initiated to 0.24/10,000 afterward. Conclusion: We observed an association between the implementation of a dynamic, team-focused time-out process and a reduction in the incidence of WSBs at our institution. A causal effect of the enhanced time-out cannot be determined given the risk of bias associated with before-after study designs and our lack of adjustment for potential confounders. Further research is therefore warranted.
Lexical Coverage and Readability of Science Textbooks for English-Medium Instruction Secondary Schools in Hong Kong
Authors: Hu Jingjing , Gao Xuesong(Andy) , Qiu Xuyan
Published: March 2021

Textbooks are an important source of knowledge input on which the transmission of academic knowledge often relies, especially in the early stages of academic learning. Adopting a corpus-based approach, this study evaluates the text difficulty of science textbooks used in secondary English-medium instruction schools in Hong Kong, with a focus on their lexical coverage and readability. It compares the English language used in English-medium science textbooks with that in English as a foreign language textbooks. The analysis reveals that the text difficulty of the English-medium science textbooks is inappropriate in terms of the coverage of academic words and the readability level. The results also show that the coverage of words from the Academic Word List (AWL) and the General Service List (GSL) as well as the text readability levels, vary across scientific topics. These findings will inform textbook design and the development of pedagogical strategies to facilitate students’ learning of subject content in the medium of English.
The Lived Experience of Being Diagnosed With COVID-19 Among Black Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Aliyu Sainfer , Travers Jasmine L , Norful Allison A , Clarke Michael , Schroeder Krista
Published: March 2021

Diagnosis and hospitalization for COVID-19 are disproportionately higher among black persons. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of being diagnosed with COVID-19 among black patients. Semistructured one-on-one interviews with black patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were conducted. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis and a directed content approach. Fifteen patients participated and 3 themes were identified: Panic amidst a COVID-19 diagnosis, Feeling the repercussion of the diagnosis, and Personal assessment of risks within one’s individual environment. Fear of dying, inadequate health benefits, financial issues, and worries about spreading the virus to loved ones were acknowledged by the patients as critical areas of concerns. Majority of the patients looked to God as the ultimate way of surviving COVID-19. However, none of the patients reported receiving support for spiritual needs from health care providers. This is the first study to investigate the lived experience of being diagnosed with COVID-19 among black patients. Our results highlight several factors that put this group at increased risk for COVID-19 and where additional strategies are needed to address these inadequacies. Integrating public health interventions to reduce socioeconomic barriers and integrating spirituality into clinical care could improve patient care delivery.
Toxicological implications of sequential administration of herbal and conventional medicines: Evidence from an in vivo study on Azadirachta indica and artesunate in male Wistar rats
Authors: Forcados GE , Adamu VO , Abdulsalam MT , Aminu NA , Anjuwon TM , Otor M , Riki JR , Muhammad A
Published: March 2021

In most parts of West Africa and other developing countries, herbal medicines are sometimes used by patients concomitantly receiving conventional drugs, which can result in potentially serious adverse effects. This study examined in vivo cytotoxic effects of Azadirachta indica extracts followed by artesunate administration on some markers of liver and kidney toxicity. Serum ALT, GGT, urea, creatinine, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α, tissue malondialdehyde and glutathione levels and liver and kidney histology in healthy male Wistar rats administered 100 and 200 mg/kg A. indica for 5 days followed by 10 mg/kg Artesunate for 5 days was determined. Results showed significantly ( p < 0.05) higher serum ALT, GGT, urea, creatinine, interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor α levels with proportional increase of 16.5, 21.7, 9.2, 6.9, 9.1 and 9.1% respectively when compared to normal control was observed. Malondialdehyde levels were significantly ( p < 0.05) higher with a proportional increase of 57.8%, while glutathione levels were significantly ( p < 0.05) lower with a proportional decrease of 13.4% in liver homogenates of the treated rats relative to normal control. Histological examination of the liver and kidney of the co-treated rats showed vascular congestion and necrosis. Collectively, the results suggest that administration of A. indica followed by artesunate could predispose to liver and kidney associated cytotoxicity. These findings could have implications for people who habitually use herbal preparations and conventional drugs in sequential fashion.
Correction to: Impact of 16S rDNA sequencing on clinical treatment decisions: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Ursenbach Axel , Schramm Frédéric , Séverac François , Hansmann Yves , Lefebvre Nicolas , Ruch Yvon , Argemi Xavier
Published: March 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Patients’ and healthcare professionals’ perspectives on the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis care journey: a qualitative study
Authors: Delameillieure Anouk , Dobbels Fabienne , Vandekerkhof Sarah , Wuyts Wim A.
Published: March 2021

Background

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) highly impacts patients on several life dimensions and challenges healthcare practices in providing high-quality care. Consequently, it is crucial to establish integrated care processes, maximizing patient value and patients’ individual needs. The aim of the study was to shed light on the care trajectory based on the perspectives of patients and healthcare professionals.

Methods

The study was conducted at a tertiary Belgian IPF centre of excellence. We conducted individual interviews with patients and healthcare professionals, guided by the Chronic Care Model (CCM) as a framework for integrated care. Thematic analysis was used to underpin data analysis.

Results

Experiences were gathered of nine patients with IPF (aged 57–83 years, of which the informal caregivers were present at five interviews) and nine professionals involved in the IPF care trajectory. Our findings identified pitfalls and suggestions for improvement covering all elements of the CCM, primarily at the level of the individual patient and the care team. We covered suggestions to improve the team-based care and pro-active follow-up of patients’ needs. Self-management support was highlighted as an important area and we identified possibilities, but also challenges regarding the use of patient-reported outcomes and eHealth-tools. Furthermore, the importance of continuous training for professionals and the implementation of guidelines in routine care was pointed out. Also, participants mentioned an opportunity to collaborate with community-based organizations and raised challenges regarding the overall health system. Lastly, the pertaining lack of IPF awareness and the disease burden on patients and their caregivers were covered.

Conclusions

Our research team has initiated a project aiming to optimize the current care delivery practice for IPF patients at a Belgian centre of excellence. These results will inform the further optimisation of the care program and the development of feasible supportive interventions.
Dynamic postural control correlates with activities of daily living and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Sabashi Kento , Ishida Tomoya , Matsumoto Hisashi , Mikami Kentaro , Chiba Takeshi , Yamanaka Masanori , Aoki Yoshimitsu , Tohyama Harukazu
Published: March 2021

Background

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) negatively affects dynamic postural control, which is a basic function that individuals use to perform activities of daily living (ADL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of center of pressure (COP) control during the transition from double-leg to single-leg standing with subjective assessments of ADL and quality of life (QOL) in patients with knee OA.

Methods

Thirty-six patients (29 females) with moderate-to-severe knee OA participated. Dynamic postural control was evaluated during the transition from double-leg to single-leg standing. Each patient stood on a force plate, lifted the less affected limb as fast as possible, and maintained single-leg standing with the more affected limb. The COP movements corresponding to anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) and transitional phases were assessed. The maximum displacement and peak velocity of the COP movements in the medial–lateral direction were calculated. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was used for the subjective assessment of ADL and QOL. Pearson’s product correlation analysis was performed to investigate the associations of COP movements in the APA and transitional phases with KOOS-ADL and KOOS-QOL.

Results

In the APA phase, the maximum COP displacement was significantly correlated with KOOS-ADL (r = -0.353, P = 0.035) and KOOS-QOL (r = -0.379, P = 0.023). In the transitional phase, the maximum COP displacement and peak COP velocity were significantly correlated with KOOS-ADL (maximum displacement: r = 0.352, P = 0.035; peak velocity: r = 0.438, P = 0.008) and with KOOS-QOL (maximum displacement: r = 0.357, P = 0.032; peak velocity: r = 0.343, P = 0.040).

Conclusions

The present study showed that smaller COP movements in the APA phase and smaller and slower COP movements in the transitional phase correlated with poorer ADL and QOL conditions in patients with knee OA. These findings suggest that poor dynamic postural control is associated with poor ADL and QOL conditions in patients with moderate-to-severe medial knee OA. Conservative treatment for patients with knee OA may need to focus on dynamic postural control during the transition from double-leg to single-leg standing.
Generation of UCiPSC-derived neurospheres for cell therapy and its application
Authors: Li Shuai , Zhao Huifang , Han Xiaobo , Ni Bin , He Lang , Mukama Omar , de Dieu Habimana Jean , Lin Zuoxian , Huang Rongqi , Huang Hualin , Tian Chao , Tang Feng , Li Zhiyuan
Published: March 2021

Background

Neural stem cell (NSC) therapy remains one of the most potential approaches for the treatment of neurological disorders. The discovery of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and the establishment of hiPSC-derived human neural stem cells (hiNSCs) have revolutionized the technique of cell therapy. Meanwhile, it is often required that NSCs are stored and transported to a long distance for research or treatment purposes. Although high survival rates could be maintained, conventional methods for cell transportation (dry ice or liquid nitrogen) are inconvenient and expensive. Therefore, the establishment of a safe, affordable, and low-cost strategy to store and transport easily accessible hiPSCs and hiNSCs, with characteristics that match fetal hNSCs, is incredibly urgent.

Methods

We reprogrammed human urinary cells to iPSCs using a non-integrating, virus-free technique and differentiated the iPSCs toward iNSCs/neurospheres and neurons, under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compatible conditions. The pluripotency of iPSCs and iNSCs was characterized by a series of classical methods (surface markers, karyotype analysis, and in vitro as well as in vivo differentiation capabilities, etc.).

Results

Here, our results showed that we successfully generated hiNSCs/neurospheres from more available, non-invasive, and more acceptable urinary cells by a virus-free technique. Next, we demonstrated that the iNSCs differentiated into mature cerebral cortical neurons and neural networks. Interestingly, hiNSCs survived longer as neurospheres at ambient temperature (AT) than those cultured in a monolayer. Within 7 days approximately, the neural viability remained at > 80%, while hiNSCs cultured in a monolayer died almost immediately. Neurospheres exposed to AT that were placed under standard culture conditions (37 °C, 5% CO2) recovered their typical morphology, and retained their proliferation and differentiation abilities.

Conclusions

In this study, we provided a simple method for the storage of NSCs as neurospheres at AT as an alternative method to more costly and inconvenient traditional methods of cryopreservation. This will enable hiNSCs to be transported over long distances at AT and facilitate the therapeutic application of NSCs as neurospheres without any further treatment.
Intraoperative [18F]FDG flexible autoradiography for tumour margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery: a first-in-human multicentre feasibility study
Authors: Jurrius Patriek A. G. T. , Grootendorst Maarten R. , Krotewicz Marika , Cariati Massimiliano , Kothari Ashutosh , Patani Neill , Karcz Paulina , Nagadowska Monika , Vyas Kunal N. , Purushotham Arnie , Turska-d’Amico Maria
Published: March 2021

Introduction

In women undergoing breast-conserving surgery (BCS), 20–25% require a re-operation as a result of incomplete tumour resection. An intra-operative technique to assess tumour margins accurately would be a major advantage. A novel method for intraoperative margin assessment was developed by applying a thin flexible scintillating film to specimens—flexible autoradiography (FAR) imaging. A single-arm, multi-centre study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of intraoperative [18F]FDG FAR for the assessment of tumour margins in BCS.

Methods

Eighty-eight patients with invasive breast cancer undergoing BCS received ≤ 300 MBq of [18F]FDG 60–180 min pre-operatively. Following surgical excision, intraoperative FAR imaging was performed using the LightPath® Imaging System. The first 16 patients were familiarisation patients; the remaining 72 patients were entered into the main study. FAR images were analysed post-operatively by three independent readers. Areas of increased signal intensity were marked, mean normalised radiances and tumour-to-tissue background (TBR) determined, agreement between histopathological margin status and FAR assessed and radiation dose to operating theatre staff measured. Subgroup analyses were performed for various covariates, with thresholds set based on ROC curves.

Results

Data analysis was performed on 66 patients. Intraoperative margin assessment using FAR was completed on 385 margins with 46.2% sensitivity, 81.7% specificity, 8.1% PPV, 97.7% NPV and an overall accuracy of 80.5%, detecting both invasive carcinoma and DCIS. A subgroup analysis based on [18F]FDG activity present at time of imaging revealed an increased sensitivity (71.4%), PPV (9.3%) and NPV (98.4%) in the high-activity cohort with mean tumour radiance and TBR of 126.7 ± 45.7 photons/s/cm2/sr/MBq and 2.1 ± 0.5, respectively. Staff radiation exposure was low (38.2 ± 38.1 µSv).

Conclusion

[18F]FDG FAR is a feasible and safe technique for intraoperative tumour margin assessment. Further improvements in diagnostic performance require optimising the method for scintillator positioning and/or the use of targeted radiopharmaceuticals.

Trial registration: Identifier: NCT02666079. Date of registration: 28 January 2016. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02666079.

ISRCTN registry: Reference: ISRCTN17778965. Date of registration: 11 February 2016. URL: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17778965.
Deletion of FaeG alleviated Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4ac-induced apoptosis in the intestine
Authors: Xia Pengpeng , Wu Yunping , Lian Siqi , Quan Guomei , Wang Yiting , Zhu Guoqiang
Published: March 2021

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4ac is a major constraint to the development of the pig industry, which is causing newborn and post-weaning piglets diarrhea. Previous studies proved that FaeG is the major fimbrial subunit of F4ac E. coli and efficient for bacterial adherence and receptor recognition. Here we show that the faeG deletion attenuates both the clinical symptoms of F4ac infection and the F4ac-induced intestinal mucosal damage in piglets. Antibody microarray analysis and the detection of mRNA expression using porcine neonatal jejunal IPEC-J2 cells also determined that the absence of FaeG subunit alleviated the F4ac promoted apoptosis in the intestinal epithelial cells. Thus, targeted depletion of FaeG is still beneficial for the prevention or treatment of F4ac infection.
Maternal antibiotic treatment affects offspring gastric sensing for umami taste and ghrelin regulation in the pig
Authors: Trevisi P. , Luise D. , Correa F. , Messori S. , Mazzoni M. , Lallès J. P. , Bosi P.
Published: March 2021

Background

Scarce is knowledge on the process regulating the development of acid secretion, orexigenic signaling, and chemosensing in the stomach of young pigs. Changes of early microbial encounters by suckling pigs can interact with the gut maturation, by the induction of different molecular signaling. Our goal was to assess if the age of offspring and the maternal environment, influenced by sow antibiotic treatment peripartum, could affect gastric morphology and the expression of genes involved in the control of hydrochloric secretion, feed intake, taste, and inflammation in offspring stomach.

Methods

84 pigs from sows fed a diet with amoxicillin (on –d10 to +d21 from farrowing, ANT) or without (CON) were sacrificed at d14, d21, d28 (weaning) or d42. Samples of oxyntic (OXY), pyloric (PY) and cardiac mucosae close to OXY were collected and parietal and enteroendocrine cells (EECs) were counted. Relative gene expression of a set of 11 key genes (ATP4A, SSTR2, GAST, GHRL, MBOAT4, PCSK1, GNAT1, TAS1R1, TAS1R3, IL8 and TNF) was assessed by qRT-PCR. In addition, 40 offspring obtained from the same ANT and CON sows were offered a normal or a fat-enriched diet for 4 weeks between 140 and 169 d of age, and then OXY and PY were sampled.

Results

The number of parietal and EECs increased with age (P < 0.001). ATP4A increased with age (within suckling, P = 0.043, post-weaning vs. suckling, P < 0.001), SSTR2 increased only after weaning (P < 0.001). In OXY, GHRL increased during suckling (P = 0.012), and post-weaning as a trend (P = 0.088). MBOAT4 tended to increase during suckling (P = 0.062). TAS1R1 increased from suckling to post-weaning period (P =0.001) and was lower in ANT offspring (P = 0.013). GNAT1 in PY was higher in ANT offspring (P = 0.041). Antibiotic treatment of sows peripartum increased expression of GHRL and MBOAT4 in OXY of growing-finishing offspring aged 5 months.

Conclusions

Data show that sensing for umami taste and ghrelin regulation can be affected by maternal environment, but the development of acid secretion, orexigenic signaling and taste perception in the stomach are mostly developmentally controlled.
Palliative Radiotherapy Within the Veterans Health Administration: Barriers to Referral and Timeliness of Treatment
Authors: Gutt Ruchika , Malhotra Sheetal , Hagan Michael P. , Lee Steve P. , Faricy-Anderson Katherine , Kelly Maria D. , Hoffman-Hogg Lori , Solanki Abhishek A. , Shapiro Ronald H. , Fosmire Helen , Moses Edwinette , Dawson George A.
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:

Most Veterans Health Administration hospitals do not have radiation oncology (RO) departments on-site. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of on-site RO on referral patterns and timeliness of palliative radiation therapy (PRT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A survey was sent to medical directors at 149 Veterans Health Administration centers. Questions evaluated frequency of referral for PRT, timeliness of RO consults and treatment, and barriers to referral for PRT. Chi-square analysis was used to evaluate differences between centers that have on-site RO and centers that refer to outside facilities.

RESULTS:

Of 108 respondents, 33 (31%) have on-site RO. Chi-square analysis revealed that RO consult within 1 week is more likely at centers with on-site RO (68% v 31%; P = .01). Centers with on-site RO more frequently deliver PRT for spinal cord compression within 24 hours (94% v 70%; P = .01). Those without on-site RO were more likely to want increased radiation oncologist involvement (64% v 26%; P < .001). Barriers to referral for PRT included patient ability to travel (81%), patient noncompliance (31%), delays in consult and/or treatment (31%), difficulty contacting a radiation oncologist (14%), and concern regarding excessive number of treatments (13%). Respondents with on-site RO less frequently reported delays in consult and/or treatment (6% v 41%; P < .0001) and difficulty contacting a radiation oncologist (0% v 20%; P = .0056) as barriers.

CONCLUSION:

Respondents with on-site RO reported improved communication with radiation oncologists and more timely consultation and treatment initiation. Methods to improve timeliness of PRT for veterans at centers without on-site RO should be considered.
Reliability of respiratory-triggered two-dimensional cine k-adaptive-t-autocalibrating reconstruction for Cartesian sampling for the assessment of biventricular volume and function in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Orii Makoto , Sugawara Tsuyoshi , Takagi Hidenobu , Nakano Satoshi , Ueda Hironobu , Takizawa Yurie , Fujiwara Jumpei , Takahashi Shin , Oyama Kotaro , Lai Peng , Janich Martin A , Nozaki Atsushi , Yoshioka Kunihiro
Published: March 2021

Objective:

To compare left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volume, function, and image quality of a respiratory-triggered two-dimensional (2D)-cine k-adaptive-t-autocalibrating reconstruction for Cartesian sampling (2D kat-ARC) with those of the standard reference, namely, breath-hold 2D balanced steady-state free precession (2D SSFP), in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).

Methods:

30 patients (14 males, mean age 32.2 ± 13.9 years) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance, and 2D kat-ARC and 2D SSFP images were acquired on short-axis view. Biventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), and LV mass (LVM) were analysed.

Results:

The 2D kat-ARC had significantly shorter scan time (35.2 ± 9.1 s vs 80.4 ± 16.7 s; p < 0.0001). Despite an analysis of image quality showed significant impairment using 2D kat-ARC compared to 2D SSFP cine (p < 0.0001), the two sequences demonstrated no significant difference in terms of biventricular EDV, LVESV, LVSV, LVEF, and LVM. However, the RVESV was overestimated for 2D kat-ARC compared with that for 2D SSFP (73.8 ± 43.2 ml vs 70.3 ± 44.5 ml, p = 0.0002) and the RVSV and RVEF were underestimated (RVSV = 46.2±20.5 ml vs 49.4 ± 20.4 ml, p = 0.0024; RVEF = 40.2±12.7% vs. 43.5±14.0%, p = 0.0002).

Conclusion:

Respiratory-triggered 2D kat-ARC cine is a reliable technique that could be used in the evaluation of LV volumes and function.

Advances in knowledge:

2D cine kat-ARC is a reliable technique for the assessment LV volume and function in patients with repaired TOF.
Δια βίου εκπαίδευση και εκπαιδευτικοί
Authors: Γιώτη Λαμπρίνα
Published: March 2021

Η διαβίου εκπαίδευση και μάθηση συνιστά έκφραση των σύγχρονων πολιτικοοικονομικών συνθηκών και των επακόλουθων ραγδαίων αλλαγών, που αυτές επιφέρουν στην προσωπική, επαγγελματική και κοινωνική ζωή των ανθρώπων επιτάσσοντας διαρκή επικαιροποίηση πληροφόρησης, γνώσης και δεξιοτήτων. Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν να διερευνήσει την εκπαιδευτική φιλοσοφία που θεμελιώνει την εκπαιδευτική θεωρία και καθοδηγεί την πρακτική των Σχολικών Συμβούλων Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης, ως εκπαιδευτών ενηλίκων. Τα διάφορα φιλοσοφικά ρεύματα εκπαίδευσης ενηλίκων έχουν επιχειρήσει να απαντήσουν πέρα από το τι και το πώς να διδάξει κανείς ενήλικους, στο γιατί της εκπαίδευσης ως μίας κοινωνικής και κρατικής πρακτικής στο σύνολό της. Μέσα από αυτό πρίσμα, μελετήσαμε τις θεωρήσεις των Σχολικών Συμβούλων, ως ένα σύνολο εκπαιδευτικών θεωριών, πεποιθήσεων, αντιλήψεων, ιδεολογιών και κοσμοαντιλήψεων, που οι ίδιοι ρητά δηλώνουν ότι υιοθετούν στην πρακτική τους, αλλά και εφαρμόζουν εμπρόθετα στις αποφάσεις και τις πρωτοβουλίες δράσεων που καθημερινά αναλαμβάνουν, κατά την άσκηση του θεσμικά προσδιορισμένου, επιμορφωτικού και συμβουλευτικού τους έργου στους δασκάλους της Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης. Η έρευνα υλοποιήθηκε με μικτή μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση ενώ για την ανάλυση και ερμηνεία των ευρημάτων της υιοθετήθηκε η κριτική-ερμηνευτική οπτική. Τα ποσοτικά δεδομένα συλλέχθηκαν με το Philosophies of Adult Education Inventory από το σύνολο του πληθυσμού των Σχολικών Συμβούλων, με πολύ υψηλό ποσοστό ανταπόκρισης: 72,46% (Ν=179). Το ποιοτικό υλικό αντλήθηκε από ημιδομημένες σε βάθος συνεντεύξεις που επιλέχθηκαν με σκόπιμη δειγματοληψία θεωρητικής κατασκευής με κριτήριο την αντιπροσώπευση των προτιμήσεων που διαπιστώθηκαν στο ερωτηματολόγιο. Τα ευρήματα ανέδειξαν ως κυρίαρχη φιλοσοφική προτίμηση τον προοδευτισμό και ακολούθως τον συμπεριφορισμό, τον ριζοσπαστισμό, τον φιλελευθερισμό και τον ανθρωπισμό. Οι συνδυασμοί των προτιμήσεων των Σχολικών Συμβούλων τείνουν να οργανώνονται σε δύο τάσεις: μία συντηρητική και δασκαλοκεντρική και μία προοδευτική και μαθητοκεντρική. Επιπρόσθετα, προέκυψε ότι οι θεωρήσεις τους είναι εκλεκτικές και συχνά σε αναντιστοιχία με τις ακολουθούμενες πρακτικές τους, ενώ στατιστικά σημαντικές διαφορές διαπιστώθηκαν μεταξύ των ανεξάρτητων μεταβλητών: σπουδές, εκπαίδευση-επιμόρφωση, διδακτική εμπειρία. Παράλληλα, η επεξεργασία και ανάλυση του υλικού μας οδήγησε σε ενδιαφέροντα συμπεράσματα αναφορικά με τις διαδικασίες διαμόρφωσης της εκπαιδευτικής/επιμορφωτικής, αλλά και της ευρύτερης επαγγελματικής συγκρότησης των Σχολικών Συμβούλων.
Θέατρα και θεατρικοί επιχειρηματίες κατά την περίοδο του μεσοπολέμου
Authors: Κουρμουλάκης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: March 2021

«Θέατρα και θεατρικοί επιχειρηματίες κατά την περίοδο του Μεσοπολέμου - Η περίπτωση του Ανδρέα Μακέδου». Περίληψη Ο θεατρικός επιχειρηματίας Ανδρέας Μακέδος κυριαρχεί στο χώρο του ελληνικού ελαφρού μουσικού θεάτρου, καθ’ όλη σχεδόν τη διάρκεια του Μεσοπολέμου. Στα εικοσιένα χρόνια της σταδιοδρομίας του, από το 1923 που πρωτοεμφανίζεται μέχρι το θάνατό του το 1944, οδηγεί σταθερά τις εξελίξεις και διακρίνεται όχι μόνο για τις θεατρικές του επιτυχίες αλλά και για τον αντιφατικό χαρακτήρα, την πολυσύνθετη προσωπικότητα και το ρηξικέλευθο πνεύμα του. Σε μια Αθήνα όπου το θεατρόφιλο κοινό είναι συνηθισμένο να βλέπει στη σκηνή «κουρελαρίες και προχειρότητες», ανεβάζει παραστάσεις εξαιρετικά υψηλού, κατά κοινή παραδοχή, επιπέδου σε όλα τους τομείς: στα σκηνικά, το μπαλέτο, την ορχήστρα, την αρτιότητα του θιάσου. Η επιχειρηματική του ευφυΐα είναι εμφανής στον τρόπο με τον οποίο κατορθώνει να συγκεντρώσει γύρω του κορυφαίους συντελεστές, συνθέτες, συγγραφείς, σκηνογράφους, χορογράφους και ηθοποιούς ικανοποιώντας κάθε καλλιτεχνική τους επιθυμία. Δημιουργεί ένα σταθερό θεατρικό πόλο στην πρωτεύουσα εισάγοντας πρακτικές που συμβάλλουν στην ανανέωση και την ανάπτυξη του ελληνικού θεάτρου: δημιουργεί νέους θεατρικούς χώρους ή εκσυγχρονίζει τους ήδη υπάρχοντες και κυρίως επιβάλλει την «εξαιρετική επιμέλεια» στην παραγωγή των παραστάσεων, που πλησιάζουν τα ευρωπαϊκά πρότυπα. Διευρύνει το κοινό του μέσα από την οικονομική πολιτική της επιχείρησης και κυρίως μέσα από τη πρωτοποριακή διαφήμιση που χαρακτηρίζεται από εφευρετικότητα, διαδραστικότητα, στόμφο και αμεσότητα πρωτοφανή για τα ελληνικά δεδομένα. Σε μια περίοδο κατά την οποία τα κυρίαρχα θεατρικά είδη είναι η οπερέτα και η επιθεώρηση, ο δρόμος προς την πρόοδο και την εξέλιξη του θεάτρου περνά αναμφισβήτητα μέσα από το ελαφρό μουσικό θέατρο, το οποίο οδηγεί τις καλλιτεχνικές αλλά και τις τεχνολογικές εξελίξεις. Υπερβαίνοντας την έλλειψη δομών, πόρων και θεατρικής παράδοσης, τοποθετεί το ελληνικό θέατρο για πρώτη φορά στην ιστορία του, σε τροχιά για την επίτευξη του «εφάμιλλου του ευρωπαϊκού».
Heidegger y la fenomenología de la enfermedad.
Authors: Sanz Marco
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es elaborar una interpretación fenomenológica de la enfermedad con base en la analítica del Dasein. Partiendo de que entre la angustia y la enfermedad existe una analogía estructural, se pretende demostrar que la enfermedad es un modo eminente de apertura y, como tal, también conduce a la propiedad [Eigentlichkeit], si bien, a diferencia de la angustia, pasa por una experiencia explícita del cuerpo. Para ello, en este estudio se introduce la problemática de la corporeidad en el marco de la analítica del Dasein y se distingue la enfermedad del dolor.
Poética, naturaleza y divulgación de la mecánica cuántica: una interpretación heideggeriana.
Authors: Romero Martínez Juan Manuel
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del presente texto es poner de manifiesto el fondo poético y telúrico de la naturaleza en las investigaciones científicas, tomando como horizonte a la física cuántica. Al hablar de poético no nos referimos a una concepción subjetivista ni intuitiva del arte, sino al modo de conocimiento originario que nos remite al fundamento de lo real. Es por esto por lo que entendemos, con Heidegger, el arte como “puesta en obra de la verdad”. Así creemos que la física teórica actual muestra desde sí, en el paradigma contemporáneo de la mecánica cuántica, su carácter poético al habérselas con el problema de interpretación de la dualidad entre onda y corpúsculo de la materia.
Does Money Talk? The Impact of Monetary Incentives on User-Generated Content Contributions
Authors: Liu Yuewen , Feng Juan
Published: March 2021

Many platforms use monetary incentives to encourage user-generated content (UGC) contributions. The empirical evidence, however, is contradictory: monetary incentives are shown to either increase or decrease contribution. We make the first attempt to build a unified theoretical model to understand the complex nature of the impact of monetary incentives. We consider contributors differentiated not only by their attitudes toward monetary incentives but also by their effectiveness to attract audience. We identify two scenarios where contributors can be crowded out when monetary incentives are present: (1) when a small amount of monetary incentive is introduced, the non–money-driven contributors reduce or even stop contributing (motivation crowding out); or (2) when the monetary incentive is relatively large, the high-effectiveness contributors crowd out the low-effectiveness ones (competition crowding out). As a result, an increase in the monetary incentive can either increase or decrease contributors’ participation and the total content volume contributed. Our results offer guidelines for different UGC platforms to design monetary incentive mechanisms.
‘seeing’ with/in the world: becoming-little
Authors: Giorza Theresa Magdalen , Murris Karin
Published: March 2021

Critical posthumanism is an invitation to think differently about knowledge and educational relationality between humans and the more-than-human. This philosophical and political shift in subjectivity builds on, and is entangled with, poststructuralism and phenomenology. In this paper we read diffractively through one another the theories of Finnish architect Juhani Pallasmaa and feminist posthumanists Karen Barad and Rosi Braidotti. We explore the implications of the so-called ‘ontological turn’ for early childhood education. With its emphasis on a moving away from the dominant role of human vision (knowing and seeing) in educational research we show how videoing and photographing works as an apparatus in an analysis of data from an inner-city school in Johannesburg, South Africa. We are struck by children’s seeing with the ‘eyes of their skin’ (Pallasmaa) and ‘seeing’ with/in the world (posthumanism), as their obvious distress is felt when a small tree sapling has been mowed down in a nearby park. We analyse the event with the help of a variation on Deleuze’s notion of ‘becoming-child’: ‘becoming-little’, and Anna Tsing’s ‘the arts of noticing’. ‘Becoming-little’ as a methodology disrupts the adult/child binary that positions ‘little’, younger humans as inferior to their ‘bigger’ fully human counterparts. We exemplify ‘becoming-little’ through 4 and 5 year-olds’ learning with the little tree and adopt Barad’s temporal diffraction to ‘see’ what is in/visible in the park: the extractive, exploitative, colonising mining practices of White settlers. These are still part of the land on which the park was created but are in/visible beneath the ‘skin’ of the earth.
a infância e o (in)dizível: poder ubuesco, resistência e a possibilidade da justiça
Authors: Melo Eduardo Rezende , Schilling Flavia Inês
Published: March 2021

The article, as part of a broader reflection on the criticism of the right to development and its impact on the modes of legal and political subjectivation of children and adolescents, questions the child's condition as a subject without speech, or a speech conditioned to criteria of maturation, dictated by the adult referential, in a field, moreover, limited to what is said to be pertinent to their manifestation. Guided by the thought of exteriority, we return to the Foucauldian debate on the relation between truth and justice, in light of the monstrous unspeakability of legal and judicial practices and the ubuesco of state power. We will analyze, through the contributions of classic cynicism (kynismos), supported by Foucault, and Sloterdijk, Nieheus-Pröbsting, the resistant practices - beyond language – available to children and adolescents, and rethink these power struggles in the context of human rights and the possibility of justice, through the thought of Derrida, Rancière, Butler and Foucault. Our text will develop along the following axes of analysis: 1. Contextualizing the Foucaultian debate on truth and justice and the place of the “sayable”; 2. Considering the (in)sayability at the heart of law, childhood and monstrosity; 3. Framing the struggle between ubuesco power and cynic resistance, and 4. Speculating on our notions of “child” and the possibility of justice.
dar infancia a la niñez. notas para una política y poética del tiempo
Authors: Skliar Carlos , Brailovsky Daniel
Published: March 2021

The following text aims to pose the question provoked by the of discrepancy between infancy as defined in the work of Jean-Francois Lyotard and childhood per se, and to do so in the epochal context of an educational temporality governed by the attributes of acceleration, “profitable,” knowledge, cognitivism, rampant inequalities, an ethos of “success” at any cost, a univocal relationship between knowledge and utilitarianism, and a severe conflict between egalitarian organization and experience and the demand for performance. The loss of infancy in childhood is perhaps the loss of infancy in humanity, depriving it of free time, the possibility of fiction, creation, play, and art. The question that permeates the article is, what does it mean to listen to the voices of infancy in childhood? What is being articulated there? How might we appreciate those voices as a starting point for the reinvention of a different form of education? Our fundamental objective is to construct a politics and a poetics of time that, in their aesthetic and ethical expression, indicate the possibility of a different educational journey for children and childhood, based on the sense of the existence of a time for which it is never too late.
Redução da desigualdade de acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na Atenção Primária brasileira: Programa Academia da Saúde
Authors: Caram Carolina Da Silva , Mendonça Raquel De Deus , Marques Rayane Jeniffer Rodrigues , Brito Maria José Menezes , Lopes Aline Cristine Souza
Published: March 2021

Introdução: A situação de saúde marcada pela elevada prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis revela a necessidade de reestruturar a atenção à saúde. Nesse sentido, serviços como o Programa Academia da Saúde (PAS) foram implantados na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) brasileira. Objetivo: Analisar, sob a perspectiva dos usuários, o PAS como oportunidade de redução das desigualdades de acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na APS. Método: Trata-se de estudo qualitativo realizado na primeira unidade do PAS implantada em Belo Horizonte-MG, com ingressantes no serviço entre 2007 a 2011. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante entrevista semiestruturada. Realizaram-se descrição dos dados sociodemográficos e análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Resultado: Ingressaram no PAS, entre 2007 e 2011, 1.059 usuários, a maioria mulheres, adultos de meia idade, com baixa renda e elevadas prevalências de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Na perspectiva dos usuários, o PAS possibilitou o acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na APS, oportunizando a construção de escolhas mais saudáveis e mudanças nos modos de viver, sobretudo relacionados à atividade física e alimentação adequada e saudável, promovendo o empoderamento dos usuários. No entanto, foram identificadas limitações na integração do PAS com a Unidade Básica de Saúde adstrita. Conclusão: O PAS tem potencial para favorecer o acesso às ações de promoção da saúde na APS, embora ainda seja necessária maior integração com os demais pontos de atenção à saúde visando fortalecer o cuidado integral em rede e as ações de promoção da saúde.
Relato de Experiência: percurso e desafios para adesão municipal ao Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional
Authors: Marano Daniele , Morgado Caroline Maria Da Costa , Franco Amanda Da Silva , Joia Izabel Cristina Oliveira da Silva
Published: March 2021

Introdução: O Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional possibilita a gestão intersetorial e participativa, e a articulação entre os entes federados para a implementação das políticas promotoras de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Objetivos: Relatar a experiência municipal de Duque de Caxias-RJ para adesão ao Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e as principais perspectivas e desafios após essa conquista. Métodos e Resultados: No percurso para adesão ao sistema, os técnicos do Departamento de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional Sustentável realizaram ações para efetivação da Política de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional desde 2009, quando foi realizado o primeiro encontro com gestores municipais para mapear as ações, até 2015, quando foram publicadas a Lei Orgânica de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e a Lei do Conselho de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional do município de Duque de Caxias revisadas. Além disso, foi realizado um encontro com secretários municipais visando criar a Câmara Intersetorial de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, instância responsável pela elaboração do Plano Municipal de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Após árduo trabalho, Duque de Caxias formalizou a criação da Câmara e instituiu os membros de dez secretarias afetas ao tema. Em 2016, após esse longo percurso, o município obteve a adesão ao Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional de forma pioneira no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Alcançada essa etapa, as principais expectativas foram o fomento à participação social, o fortalecimento da intersetorialidade juntamente com debate sobre a alocação de recursos municipais, e o acesso aos recursos federais. Conclusão: O cenário nacional mudou o que se refletiu nos demais entes federados. Mesmo diante de tantos desafios, ter (e manter) todas as instâncias que compõem o Sistema Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional em nível municipal é de extrema importância para a efetivação do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada.
Influências socioculturais e parentais nas práticas alimentares no primeiro ano de vida: estudo qualitativo com mães de crianças menores de dois anos
Authors: Jerônimo Renata Albino , Dos Passos Quinteiro Michelle Delboni , Ribeiro de Castro Inês Rugani
Published: March 2021

Introdução: A prática alimentar infantil é determinada não apenas pelas necessidades biológicas e de desenvolvimento, mas também por fatores psicoafetivos, socioeconômicos e culturais, ainda pouco documentados em nosso país. Objetivo: Compreender os aspectos socioculturais e parentais que influenciam as práticas alimentares de lactentes. Método: Trata-se de estudo qualitativo conduzido por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com mães em duas cidades do Rio de Janeiro entre os meses de novembro e dezembro de 2017. A escolha pela técnica objetivou conhecer as reflexões individuais das mães sobre a realidade que vivenciam. Foram realizadas entrevistas até que se alcançasse o ponto de saturação necessário à identificação de sentidos recorrentes. Foi conduzida Análise de Conteúdo Temática do material empírico com apoio do software QRS Nvivo. A interpretação do material empírico foi baseada nos referenciais teórico-metodológicos de Senso Comum, Cultura Alimentar, Sentidos e Autonomia. Resultados: Foram identificadas as seguintes categorias: Cultura alimentar, Influência das relações sociais, Atributos dos alimentos ultraprocessados e Aspectos parentais. No presente estudo, dentre os aspectos socioculturais que emergiram na fala das mães, estavam a classificação dos alimentos, a influência de atores sociais e os atributos dos alimentos ultraprocessados. Quanto às práticas parentais, destacaram-se comportamentos parentais em contextos específicos e aqueles inerentes à criança. Conclusões: Tais aspectos influenciam as escolhas alimentares, devendo ser reconhecidos e compreendidos pelos profissionais de saúde de forma a potencializar seu papel promotor da alimentação saudável no aconselhamento às famílias.
Embedding changes in legislation for organ and tissue donation across England and Jersey
Authors: Miller Cathy , Hubner Louise , Paterson Sonya , Cotter Bobbee , Walton Phil , Bentley Helen , Roberts Claire
Published: March 2021

Cathy Miller, Louise Hubner ( louise.hubner@nhsbt.nhs.uk ), Sonya Paterson, Bobbee Cotter, Phil Walton, Helen Bentley, and Claire Roberts, of NHS Blood and Transplant
The COVID-19 vaccine and the best interests of a person who lacks capacity
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: March 2021

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers two recent cases in the Court of Protection that determined if the COVID-19 vaccine was in the best interests of a person who lacked the mental capacity to decide on immunisation after relatives objected its administration