bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rokeach’ın Değer Sınıflaması’na göre Sosyal Bilgiler Ders Kitapları: Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti ve Türkiye Örneği
Authors: ÜTKÜR GÜLLÜHAN Nur , BEKİROĞLU Derya
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC) 4. Sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitabında yer alan değerler ile Türkiye 4. Sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitabında eşdeğer nitelikte olan öğrenme alanlarındaki değerlerin Rokeach’ın değer sınıflamasına göre incelenmesidir. Araştırma nitel bir çalışma olup durum çalışması araştırma desenindedir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu KKTC 4. Sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitabı “Ben”, “Ailem” , “Yaşadığım Çevre” adlı üniteler ile Türkiye 4. sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitabı “birey ve toplum”, “Kültür ve Miras”, “İnsanlar, yerler ve Çevreler” adlı öğrenme alanları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri doküman inceleme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Veriler betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın bulguları şu sonuçları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Kuzey Kıbrıs 4.sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitabı ve Türkiye 4.sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ilgili ünite ve öğrenme alanlarındaki değerlerin Rokeach’ın değer sınıflamasına göre “araçsal değerler” türünde toplandığı, her iki ülkenin ilgili ünite ve öğrenme alanlarında en sık vurgulanan değerlerin “kabiliyetli, yardımsever, sorumluluk, sevgi, saygı, rahat bir yaşam” değerleri olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, Rokeach’ın değer sınıflamasında yer almayan “birlik ve beraberlik, vatansever, egemenlik değerlerinin Türkiye 4. Sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitabında; özgüven, sadakat, güvenilir, uzlaşmacı, çevreye duyarlı” değerlerinin KKTC 4.sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitabında vurgulandığı görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda her iki ülkenin Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitaplarında vurgulanan değerlerin Rokeach’ın değer sınıflamasıyla kısmen uyumlu olduğu söylenebilmektedir.
العوامل اللغوية لتعلم اللغة العربية في مؤسسات تطوير اللغات الأجنبية معهد الياسيني باسوروان
Authors: Mahmudah Menik
Published: June 2022

أهداف البحث لمعرفة العوامل تظهر في كثير من الأحيان في سياق تحسين جودة تعلم اللغة العربية في مؤسسات تطوير اللغات الأجنبيةLPBA  معهد الياسنى باسوروان وكيفية التغلب على العقبات المختلفة. تستخدم طرق البحث النوعي لالحصول على بيانات متعمقة وبيانات حقيقية، وأدوات البحث الملاحظة، المقابلة والثائق وتحليل البيانات هو عملية البحث والتجميع تم الحصول على بيانات منهجية من المقابلات والملاحظات الميدانية و مواد أخرى ، بحيث يسهل فهمها ويمكن أن تكون النتائج علم للآخرين. أسلوب تحليل البيانات للمؤلف استخدم نموذج Milles and Huberman العوامل اللغوية   الطلاب الذين لديهم معرفة أساسية بالقراءة والكتابة الحروف العربية صعبة جدا على المدرسين لذا فالحفلات تسعى المدرسة إلى تصنيف الطلاب إلى فئة أ القراءة والكتابة الأساسية جيدة. والعوامل غير اللغوية 1) المدرس، 2) الطلاب، 3) الطريقة، 4) البيئة و5) الوسائط التعليمية.  الكلمات الرئيسية: العوامل اللغوية، تعلم اللغة العربية، مركز اللغات LPBA
Preventing of bread mould spoilage and reducing the use of calcium propionate in bread by using antifungal lactic acid bacteria
Authors: SARAÇ Esra , ÇON Ahmet
Published: June 2022

In this study; 8 lactic acid bacteria with antifungal activity and suitable for sourdough production were used in sourdough bread production to determine the effect of bread on prolonging shelf life and to compare with calcium propionate used as a chemical preservative in the food industry/bakery. For this, Weissella cibaria 908, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides 2619, Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis 2709, Levilactobacillus brevis 2216Y, and L. plantarum subsp. plantarum Y201 isolates were chosen for bread production by paying attention to changes in total acidity and pH values, blistering volumes, organic acid production profiles in bread dough. Total 9 different types of bread were produced. Among them at the end of the study, it was observed that the shelf life of bread containing selected antifungal lactic acid bacteria mixed culture (1:1:1:1:1) and 0.15% calcium propionate was prolonged compared to commercially available breads where 0.3% calcium propionate is allowed. Thus, the use of calcium propionate can be reduced by half. It was observed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the commercially sold and the produced sourdough bread in terms of general admissibility and it was concluded that it can be used in sourdough bread production.
Efficiency Enhancement with Rule-Based Method for Credit Classification
Authors: Anuwak Suriyan , Sintanakul Krich , Sanrach Charun
Published: June 2022

The efficiency enhancement with the Rule-based Method is a data mining technique to study the relationship between credit borrowers and deciding credit approval and reduce the risk of bad debt in the future. This research aims to efficiency enhancement with the Rule-based method for credit classification, which is the credit types data, numeric, and nominal used for the category from the cooperative savings database by using the Gain Ratio as a measurement unit of the sampling (Entropy) and filter to select important variables. Therefore, the researcher uses the K-fold cross-validation method by dividing the data to perform the test into equal K-part numbers into training and testing data sets. Then Rule-based approach of data mining techniques in WEKA software version 3.9.4 viz Decision Table, RIPPER (JRip), OneR, and Partial Rule (PART) to efficiency enhancement of the model for credit classification to get more accurate and reliable by measuring the efficiency of the model with Recall, Precision, and F-measure. The results of the research can be found that both the Gain Ratio and the outlier data filter can make the efficiency of the model with the Rule-based method using the Partial Rule to get the highest Recall value of 4.1%, the highest Precision value of 4.0%, and highest F-measure value by 5.4%. Besides, the Partial Rule can make the model's efficiency for credit classification get a Recall of 86.1%, Precision of 85.9%, and F-measure of 85.6%. Thus, all values were more efficient than the Decision Table, JRip, and OneR.
Effect of Extracted Galangal Rhizome and Gelling Agents on Quality Attributes of Galanga Jelly Product
Authors: Supaphon Pattama , Pangsanthia Pichamon , Thaiwong Numphon
Published: June 2022

This research aimed to study the effects of extracted galangal rhizome and gelling agents on the quality attributes of the jelly product. The ratios between extracted galangal rhizome and water used in the study were 0:100, 25:75, and 50:50 (w/w). Gelling agents used in the study were only gelatin combined with potato starch. The products were tested by physical characteristics, chemical, and sensory acceptability. The sample product with extracted galangal rhizome was yellower than the product without extracted galangal rhizome. In addition, the higher the amount of extracted galangal rhizome, the greater the yellowness of the product. Increasing the levels of extracted galangal rhizome showed a tendency to increase the L*, a*, and b* values. Results obtained from a texture analyzer showed that using 20g of gelatin, 2.5g of potato starch, and 25% of extracted galangal rhizome had the highest values of hardness, springiness, and chewiness (P ≤ 0.05) of 7.63 N, 10.21 mm and 76.76 (N•m), respectively. The water activity was in a range of 0.86-0.88 and the moisture content was 18.30-18.74%. Total phenolics content and IC50 were 13.52-19.99 mgGAE/g of sample and 0.20-0.32mg/ml of jelly extract, respectively. From sensory evaluation, using 25% of extracted galangal rhizome and 2.5g of potato starch, and 20g of gelatin as gelling agents resulted in the highest overall acceptability.
A Walking Route to Travel in Lopburi City
Authors: Suthisung Nisara , Tangcharoen Sukjit
Published: June 2022

This article was a part of a research paper to present a walking route to travel in Lopburi City. It was to be the shortest distance of path and use the least travel time. The research methodology used the survey of 10 real locations together with viewing satellite maps and diagrams from Google.go.th/maps for graphing and weighting of edges (distance; time). The result analysis used the basic ideas of graph theory by finding the path that has all the vertex and the ideas of matrix by finding the adjacency matrix for verification using Gephi program. The result of the research showed that a suitable walking route to travel in Lopburi City  was to be as follows: Wat Puen  Ban Wichayen  Prang Khaek Temple King Narai the Great Museum Wat Phrasi Rattana Mahathat Wat Bandai Hin Wat Inthra  Wat  Nakhon Kosa  Phra Kal Shrine  Phra Prang Sam Yot (and reverse direction) with a total distance of 2,090 meters in 25 minutes.
Effects of Diet Supplemented with Morinda citrifolia Fermented Extract on the Growth Performance and Feed Conversion Ratio of Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Pisuttharachai Duangjai , Lerdsuwan Saichon , Lerdsuwan Saichon , Sangkhonkhet Nataporn , Nalinanon Warrapong
Published: June 2022

The use of additives in feeds to promote the growth of farmed fish has been rapidly expanding; among these are supplements derived from indigenous plants. Here, we analyzed the effects of satiation feeding of diet supplemented with noni (Morinda citrifolia) fermented extract on the feeding rate, growth performance and feed conversion ratio of Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish with an initial average weight of 2.83 ± 0.01 g were fed with diets supplemented with noni fermented extract at 0 (control), 100-, 200- and 300-ml kg-1 for 12 weeks. Subsequent results showed that growth rate was correlated with or dependent on the concentration of noni fermented extract in the diet. The best result for growth performance, such as weight gain, average daily growth rate and specific growth rate, was found in a fish-fed diet supplemented with noni fermented extract at 200 ml kg-1. However, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) is still higher than the control. The high FCR compared to control may be due to the anthraquinone in noni fermented extract, which decreases nutrient absorption. Fish fed with a 300 ml kg-1 noni fermented extract supplemented diet was the lowest growth performance and highest in FCR, suggesting that concentrations over 200 ml kg-1 might be detrimental to fish. Taken together, noni fermented extract can be a natural source of feed supplement to improve fish growth performance and may act as an appetite stimulant. However, due to its laxative effect, noni fermented extract supplementation should be given at appropriate levels and effective feeding management.
An Ahl-i Haqq Kurdish Folio on the Music
Authors: DEHQAN Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Tasavvufi uygulamalarla ilişkilendirilen en gösterişli ve sofistike müzik türlerinden biri, Sultan Sehak tarafından kurulan ve İran ile Irak Kürdistanı'nda bir dini Kürt topluluğu olan Ehl-i Hak camiasına aittir . Onların Cem (dini ayin) adı verilen törenlerinde müzik ve Kelam adı verilen dini şiirler tüm ayrıntıların son derece resmiyet kazandığı bölünmez bir birlik oluşturur. Orkestra bölümü çok sayıda Temîre veya Temûr'dan (Ar. Tunbür) oluşur ve onlardan ayrı olarak oturan vokal grubu, Kelamxwens (dini şiirleri söyleyenler) ise, profesyonel şarkıcılardan ibarettir.

Ehl-i Hak'ın müzik anlayışını ve farklı yönlerini ele almayı amaçlayan çalışmalar mevcuttur . Ancak bunu belirtirken bile, bu dini müziğin metinsel arka planına ışık tutmak için önceki faktörlere değinmek zorunludur. Başka bir deyişle, mevcut makale, Ehl-i Hak mezhebinde musiki seviyesinin başka bir izahını verme iddiasında değildir. Artık Kürt müziğine dair tarihsel bilgimizi genişletmek için bilimsel metinlerin eleştirel baskılarının yayınlanmasına ihtiyaç var. Bu nedenle, bu yazıda Ehl-i Haklar ve onların dini müziklerinin çok kısaca anlatıldığı yeni bulunmuş bir Kürtçe folyo sunulmaktadır. Ehl-i Hak müziği hakkında daha fazla bilgi sahibi olmak isteyen okuyucular, bu makalede belirtilen literatüre başvurabilirler.
Konsep Ajaran Islam Tentang Keadilan Gender
Authors: Rohani Imam , Imron Ali , Indriyani Dian
Published: June 2022

Keadilan gender merupakan salah satu wacana yang selalu menarik untuk diperbincangkan. Adanya pandangan bahwa Islam yang datang pada masa Nabi itu memiliki kesamaan dengan konsep kesetaraan yang dibawa feminisme barat memerlukan pengkajian ulang dari teks-teks hukum dan ayat-ayat yang telah mengatur hubungan antara pria dan wanita agar sesuai dengan perspektif keadilan gender. Dalam konsep keadilan gender menekankan terpenuhinya kebutuhan tiap individu yang sesuai dengan karakteristik dan kapasitas masing-masing, berusaha menyeimbangkan budaya patriarkat dan matriarkat sehingga laki-laki dan perempuan dapat menjalankan perannya secara harmonis sebagai khalifah, serta memandang laki-laki dan perempuan adalah kesatuan yang berpasangan. Tulisan ini disusun dengan menggunakan pendekatan library research dengan menggunakan sumber primer dan sekunder. Melalui metode deskriptif analitis, penulis berupaya untuk mengeksplorasi ajaran Islam tentang keadilan gender
Large Class Management throughout Learning and Teaching of Speaking Skill: Case study of the University of Burundi
Authors: Bakanibona Sinai
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study was to discuss challenges encountered by lecturers and students in the management of large classes while teaching and learning the speaking skill in English. The work was motivated by the fact that First Year students, even though they use English as medium of instruction, are not good at speaking English. The study enthralled on the use of appropriate methods, approaches and techniques to manage large classes. The purpose of the study was to examine the category and seriousness of the challenges faced by the subjects and suggest the use of appropriate methods, techniques and approaches in a large class of more than a hundred students. The case study was conducted at the Institute for Applied Pedagogy of the University of Burundi. Simple random sampling was adopted to select students, lecturers and administrators concerned as the study population. A written questionnaire, interview and participant observation were used during the study through the qualitative analysis.
The relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and multiple sclerosis
Authors:   ", Sîrbu Carmen A. ,   1 Department of medico-surgical and prophylactic disciplines, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania 2 Department of Neurology, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania", Dumitru Rodica M. ,   Department of Neurology, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Vasile Titus M. ,   "1 Department of Neurology, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 2 Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania", Stefani Constantin ,   Department of Family Medicine, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ranetti Aurelian E. ,   Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Sîrbu Anca M. ,   Department of Endocrinology, CI Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania, Axelerad Any Docu ,   Department of Neurology, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Stefan Ion ,   "1 Department of medico-surgical and prophylactic disciplines, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania"
Published: June 2022

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease, characterized by the appearance of demyelinating lesions with inflammatory character in the CNS. Given the unpredictable evolution of the disease, numerous attempts have been initiated to find some pathogenic factors and by default targeted treatment methods. The intestinal microbiota of these patients is often significantly altered compared to the healthy population and given the complex connections between the intestine and the central nervous system, the idea of causality between dysbiosis and this condition was launched. The intestinal mucosa represents the interface between the external environment and the organism, so that it is considered the starting point of some local immunological processes but with systemic resonance, especially neurological. The classic medication scheme widely used to treat MS nowadays can also affect the integrity of the intestinal mucosa by breaking the fine balance at this level. Data from recent studies around the subject open new treatment opportunities around preserving the intestinal microbiota and strategies like vitamin A intake and fat-soluble vitamin D supplementation, probiotic complexes or faecalis microbiota transplantation appear more promising and easier to apply in daily clinical practice.
The effect of leadership style on the productivity of hospital’s staff with moderating effect of job promotion opportunity and job description
Authors:   Marine Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Mashayekhi Mohammadreza , Rasouli Hamid R. ,   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Farajzadeh Mohsen A. ,   "1Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  2 Student’s Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"
Published: June 2022

Background: Human resource is the most important criteria of today organizations. In considering a human resource, performance and productivity are very fundamental. One of the most important criteria that affect human resources is leadership style. Aims: This study aimed to assess the effect of leadership style (Autocratic, Democratic, and Laissez-faire) on productivity that in this relationship two phenomena (job promotion opportunity and job description) plays the roles of moderating variable. Methods: The data were collected through the distribution of standard questionnaires among 170 employees of a hospital in Tehran and analyzed with structural equation methods with smart PLS software. The reliability and validity of questionnaires are confirmed through software examination and elites' opinions. For examining the hypothesis, factor loading and path coefficient are considered. Results: Democratic and laissez-faire styles have a significant effect on productivity (with 5.51 and 2.65 loading factor and positive path coefficient), but the autocratic style has a negative effect (due to 5.54 loading factor and -0.35 path coefficient) on productivity. Neither job promotion opportunity nor job description plays the role of moderating variables according to the results of the analyzes. Conclusion: Leadership style has a significant impact on productivity. The autocratic style has a negative effect on productivity, but democratic and laissez-faire have a positive effect. Job promotion opportunities and job descriptions don’t play a moderating role in leadership style and productivity relationships.
Cecostomy vs ileostomy for protection of anastomoses in colorectal surgery
Authors:   2nd Surgical Department Sibiu County Emergency Hospital, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Romania, Bratu Dan , Mihețiu Alin ,   2nd Surgical Department Sibiu County Emergency Hospital, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Romania, Chicea Radu ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sibiu County Emergency Hospital, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Romania, Sabău Alexandru ,   2nd Surgical Department Sibiu County Emergency Hospital, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Romania
Published: June 2022

Background: The most frequently encountered complication of anastomotic surgery is fistula. In addition to the medical history of the patient, local conditions, the operative moment and surgical technique that were chosen, a series of some other factors can interfere, leading to suture disunity. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the existence of a relationship between the use of cecostomy (as a mechanism of temporary diversion) and the frequency of anastomotic fistulas. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective study, over a period of 7 years, between 2011-2018 taking into consideration 194 patients who benefited from resections completed with anastomoses in the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid and rectum. They were divided into two categories: patients who benefited from cecostomy and patients for whom we did not use this technique. The frequency of fistulas was analyzed for the two main groups and in association with each type of surgery. Results: It was observed the existence of a relationship between the appearance of fistulas and the use of a decompression mechanism such as cecostomy in the sense of a lower number of fistulas for the first situation (2.66%) compared to 11.76% for cases without cecostomy (p=0.034). The duration of hospitalization in the group with cecostomy was shorter than in those without this derivative stoma and the postoperative recovery was good. Conclusions: Cecostomy is a useful protection for the anastomosis line, with the advantage that, when the tube is suppressed, the stoma will spontaneously close.
A comprehensive review of the factors affecting the work-life balance of nurses
Authors:   Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Rahmani Alireza , Radfar Moloud ,   Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Azarabadi Afsaneh ,   Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Published: June 2022

The field of nursing has a lot of responsibilities and workload and is considered as a hard job. If a person does not have the spirit of being responsible for work or interest in service, he cannot survive in the difficult conditions that exist in the field of nursing, such as fatigue, work shifts, stress. Occupational concerns such as insufficient staff, high workload, long working hours and work pressure make nurses unable to play their role in front of their families. On the other hand, nurses are usually unable to perform their duties in the workplace due to family problems. In this study, related articles from the years 2000-2020 were reviewed. The results of studies showed that due to the importance of work-life balance in nurses, it is recommended that managers create the conditions for creating effective methods and techniques for job flexibility for nurses and help nurses to better perform these approaches with the necessary training. Taking care of nurses living conditions, question and answer sessions and interviews with nurses, establishing kindergartens with long working hours can also be effective in creating balance.
A marketing perspective on the efficient strategies in Romanian family medicine
Authors:   Department of Healthcare Marketing and Medical Technology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Soare Traian
Published: June 2022

Family Medicine has always been regarded as an interdisciplinary specialty, but lately, in most Eastern-European countries, such as Romania, it has been supported by many laws and regulations. The outcome of this prolific background has brought both advantages and disadvantages. Some advantages relate to a sustainable structure, and, at the same time, Family Medicine has been recognized as being the gate-keeper in almost any health care system. Further, due to the privatization of most family practice offices, in Romania, appeared a modern organizational approach, in the shape of a consortium of family physician practices. Some family physicians consider providing their services in a private office as a benefit, but for others the freedom and autonomy to become responsible of their own practice is considered to be a drawback because, apart from the clinical activity, many family physicians have to deal with managerial and marketing issues. In Romania, a consortium of family practice offices has to overcome a very competitive environment and some Marketing specific trends. The aim of this paper is to investigate the usefulness of marketing strategies in the Romanian family physician practice.
Comparison of complications of surgical repair in inguinal hernia with Bassini, Lichtenstein, and preperitoneal methods
Authors:   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Khatami Seyed M. , Mehrvarz Shaban ,   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Akhavan-Moghadam Jamal ,   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Khoshmohabat Hadi ,   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Gholizadeh Hamed ,   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Hosseinzade Yasser ,   Department of Pathology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Babaei Mohammad J. ,   "1 Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  2 Department of Surgery, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Complication after inguinal hernia repair is one of the challenging problems after inguinal hernia repair. This study aimed to compare the complications of three common surgical methods in inguinal hernia repair, Bassini, Lichtenstein, and Preperitoneal methods (with anterior approach). Methods: In this prospective study, patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair surgery in Baqiyatallah Hospital from June 2019 to May 2020 were included. Patients were allocated in three groups: Bassini, Lichtenstein, and Preperitoneal (with anterior approach), based on surgeons' opinions. Postoperative pain, hematoma and seroma, wound infection, recurrence, and also we assed postoperative satisfaction after surgery. Results: The mean age of patients was 49.90 ± 16.44 years, and 92.5% of patients were male. Of the total patients, 6.8% had an infection and there was no significant difference in the distribution of infection in the groups (P=0.230). The mean of pain in all patients was 2.37 ± 1.10. There was no significant difference between the three groups in the mean of pain (P = 0.253). There was no significant difference in the distribution of recurrence in the groups (P=0.356). There was no significant difference in the distribution of testicular swelling in the groups (P=0.421). No postoperative hematoma and seroma were reported in the groups. The mean of satisfaction in all patients was 93.61±19.63. There was no significant difference between the three groups in the mean of satisfaction (P = 0.156). Conclusion: The results showed that infection, pain, and recurrence rate in the Preperitoneal group were lower than the other groups, although this difference was not significant. Also, testicular swelling, hematoma, and seroma as well as patients’ satisfaction were similar between groups.
De nieuwe voorwaardelijke invrijheidstelling
Authors: Arnoldus Kimberly , de Keijser Jan
Published: June 2022

The new conditional release system: An empirical analysis of rusty rhetorics

The duration of conditional release has changed from one third of the prison sentence to a maximum of two years. One goal of this alteration was to increase credibility and legitimacy of prison sentences. This experimental study focuses on whether the new system improves this as compared to the previous situation. Results show that sentences based on the new system don’t receive higher valuation from Dutch citizens than sentences based on the old system. Therefore, an important reason for the change isn’t supported by our findings. Rather, what remains is a system riddled with objections and possible negative effects for prisoners and society.
Binnen beginnen om buiten te blijven
Authors: Geenen Marie-José , Bosker Jacqueline
Published: June 2022

Starting inside to stay outside: Prison, probation and municipalities work together to improve the reintegration of prisoners

In eleven experiments in Dutch prisons case managers, probation officers and municipality-counselors work together to realize sustainable, integral, continuous reintegration trajectories for detainees. Results show that physical presence of the probation officers in prison improved quick and regular consultation with case managers and other professionals in prison, availability of more and broader information about the detainee, and better preparation for life after prison. Facilitators who supported working and learning together contributed to the co-creation of a new way in organizing the reintegration process in prison. This kind of co-creation requires manpower and resources.
İSTİHBARATIN DENETİMİ: KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZ
Authors: ATEŞ Ahmet
Published: June 2022

İstihbarat örgütlerinin denetimi tehdit parametreleri ve içinde bulundukları kurumsal kültürün yanı sıra ülkelerinin rejim türüne göre de şekillenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu makalede, kapsamlı bir literatür taraması ve ilgili açık kaynak istihbarat dokümanlarının incelenmesi gerçekleştirilerek demokrasiler ve otoriter rejimlerde gerçekleştirilen istihbaratın denetimi karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda demokratik ve otoriter rejimlerde istihbaratın denetiminin temel olarak iki noktada farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar amaç farklılığı ve denetim mekanizması farklılığıdır. Amaç farklılığı noktasında demokratik ve otoriter rejimler arasındaki en temel ayrımı yasalara uygunluk denetimi ve toplum/rejim güvenliği amacı oluşturduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Demokratik ülkelerde istihbarat denetimi, gerçekleştirilen faaliyetlerin kişisel haklar, ulusal ve uluslararası hukuka uygunluğunun incelenmesini içermekteyken, bu durumun otoriter rejimlerde sembolik bir süreci ifade ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Demokratik ve otoriter rejimlerdeki amaç farklılığından kaynaklanan pratiklerin kurumsallaşması sonucu denetim mekanizmalarının etkinliğinin de farklılaştığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, günümüzde demokrasilerin daha etkin ve kurumsal istihbarat denetim mekanizmalarına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aradaki farkı oluşturan unsurların ise etkin denetim yetkisi ve sivil kontrol ile uzmanlaşma olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Globalization and Employment: The Case of Turkey
Authors: KOYUNCU Cüneyt , ÖZEN Eda
Published: June 2022

This study examines the long run nexus between globalization and employment level of Turkey for the years of 1970-2019 by using ARDL approach. The result of co-integration test implemented via ARDL boundary test show that inflation, globalization and employment are co-integrated and they move together in the long-run in Turkey. According to the long-run coefficient estimation findings, globalization has a positive and statistically significant effect on employment level. On the other hand inflation has a negative and statistically significant effect on employment level. In other words one percent jump in globalization level is followed by a 0.853% rise in employment level while one percent rise in globalization level leads to a drop by 0.057% in employment level in Turkey. Lastly based on VAR Granger Causality test findings, causalities running from GLOB and EMP variables to INF variable and also from INF and GLOB variables to EMP variable are identified.
Corona and political concepts: Security, rights, and priority debate
Authors: Ali Mohammed Assist. Prof Dr. Ahmed
Published: June 2022

The Corona crisis has revived controversy and debate about the value and intellectual system on which institutions and practices are based in our contemporary world. A major review process has begun at the philosophical and intellectual level for the ideological and intellectual foundations, and for the structures and institutions that have been entrenched during the last decades. This crisis has shed light on the failure of globalization policies, and restored consideration The role of the state, as it brought to light the issue of national security and its concept, and strengthened the authority of states and governments at the expense of the rights of individuals and groups, and it seems that this review process may force a review of the content of many of the political concepts that have prevailed in recent decades.
The dimensions of considering the Iraqi marshes an international protectorate
Authors:   Al-Iraqia University - College of Law and Political Sciences, Hadi Hamza Ekram
Published: June 2022

The research is in the international dimensions of considering the marshes of Iraq an international protectorate. It is summarized in finding answers to a set of questions that are embodied in the nature of the Iraqi marshes as an international reserve on the one hand, and what distinguishes the international reserve from other legal systems. Finally the dimensions that result from considering it an international reserve within the World Heritage List. There are those who say that the term international protection appeared in the modern era, which requires a statement of the legislative basis for regulating protection for this internationally important phenomenon on the one hand; And nationally, through the statement of the legislative basis at the internal level in Iraq on the other hand, and then a statement of the conditions that must be met in the selection of the water body on the third hand. Where protection exists means preserving the existing by resorting to legitimate methods The protection of water bodies is not only a necessary condition for protecting the environment, but it is one of the basic keys to food security and all types of collective security such as health, economic and social or human development in general. We have decided in this research to show the importance that the Iraqi Marshes enjoy historically, nationally and internationally, which constituted a certain fact that imposes itself and strongly because it is considered an international protectorate, then logically that it entails international dimensions on the one hand and governmental and international obligations alike on the other hand, for this important international consideration that was not It comes out of nowhere. The marshes of Iraq have been lofty and ancient since the dawn of the first civilizations. Finally, the end did not end with the study of these dimensions; Rather, we are certain that there are certain challenges faced by the marshes in Iraq, which made us discuss them as well, and God bless.
Legal protection for child labor(studies in human rights)
Authors:   University of Diyala - College of Law and Political Science, Ibrahim Khalaf Khaleel
Published: June 2022

Human rights and basic freedoms have been recognized for all individuals, young and old, through heavenly religions, charters, international declarations, and national legislation. As for the category of children, which represents the nation’s treasure and future, it is a continuation and flow of life. Therefore, we find that the international community has attached great importance to this group through Providing legal protection for its work and preventing its exploitation and obligating all states party to the relevant international conventions to take all necessary measures and means to reduce the phenomenon of child labor in dangerous or harmful activities such as working in mines or working under water or at great heights. So this study came to shed light on the most important legal means and procedures referred to in international conventions and national legislation, which contributed to the protection of children in the field of work they practice.
reventive Measures for administrative control authorities to protect against noose pollution
Authors:   University of Diyala - College of Law and Political Science, Dhahir Nassif Alaa , Adnan Abdullah Balsam ,   University of Diyala - College of Law and Political Science
Published: June 2022

Noise pollution has become one of the most prominent features of contemporary society today, and it is a source of anxiety, turmoil, instability and chaos despite the many achievements that have been made for the sake of human comfort. The reason for this is due to industrial progress and technological development in the invention of many noise-making machines and industrial facilities, which man seeks day after day, and whose effects have appeared in many recreational areas, where the individual has become living in the midst of a huge amount of annoying or unwanted sounds. It surrounds him wherever he is in a way that causes him boredom and illness. The reason for this problem is the ineffectiveness of the rules and legal texts that regulate protection from noise pollution in society.
El perfil del docente extraordinario desde la perspectiva de Ken Bain
Authors: Marroquín Idalia
Published: June 2022

Este ensayo hace una comparación del perfil del docente universitario excelente, a partir de la definición de Ken Bain y David López, quienes retoman varias de las características que estos poseen y que los catalogan como extraordinarios. Teniendo en cuenta los criterios de varios estudiosos del tema, en el trabajo se delimitan las cualidades del docente eficiente y del no eficiente. Se concluye que, el ser docente conlleva necesariamente a la construcción del perfil de un académico, que no solo transmita conocimientos, sino un modo de vida, pues esta profesión requiere de una simbiosis entre la vocación, el conocimiento y el sentido ético de la práctica.
Filosofía y ciencia: su origen y relación
Authors: Quintanilla Juan Francisco
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo reflexionar sobre la producción filosófica y científica y, sobre todo, sobre su vinculación a lo largo de la historia. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo, que posibilitó el manejo de las categorías seleccionadas: saber, ignorancia, perplejidad, consciencia, ciencia, hombre, y su interpretación por diferentes movimientos y escuelas filosóficas, y disciplinas científicas. Se concluye que, no hay que de dejar de reconocer y tomar conciencia que no hay saber científico, literario, jurídico, político y ético, quede forma directa o indirecta haya recibido influencia del saber filosófico; ya sea para clarificar su punto de partida, su horizonte o su metodología de producción del conocimiento, o para reconocer que, por muy especializado que sea un conocimiento o un saber, siempre necesitará de la participación de otros saberes para evitar caer en cualquier tipo de reduccionismo, que orienta falsamente a creer, que una parte del saber y de la realidad se convierte en el todo del saber y de la realidad.
Estigma y discriminación: una mirada desde los pacientes con VIH
Authors: González Weder
Published: June 2022

La investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar la influencia del estigma y discriminación desde la perspectiva de las personas con VIH. La metodología siguió un enfoque descriptivo y cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas a tres personas VIH positivas, dos personas no VIH y a personas claves que tienen relación con el tema. Los resultados demostraron que las personas sienten un gran rechazo hacia la persona que adquirió VIH por una relación sexual desprotegida; y que el personal de salud es el primero que discrimina y estigmatiza. Como conclusiones, puede decirse que, independientemente del nivel socioeconómico, estatus social, nivel académico y estado religioso, la idea que se tiene sobre el VIH es degradante, inapropiada y mortal. La estigma y discriminación del personal de salud hacia los pacientes con VIH/sida influye negativamente en la adherencia de estos al tratamiento.
Reactive oxygen species and environmental stresses
Authors: Chakraborty Usha
Published: June 2022

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides both inorganic and organic. They are generally very small molecules and are highly reactive due to the presence of unpaired valence shell electrons. ROSs form as a natural byproduct of the normal metabolism of oxygen and have important roles in cell signaling. While ROS have the potential to cause oxidative damage to cells during environmental stress, recent studies have shown that ROS play a key role in plants as signal transduction molecules involved in mediating responses to pathogen infection, environmental stresses, programmed cell death and developmental stimuli. The rapid increase in ROS production, referred to as 'the oxidative burst', was shown to be essential for many of these processes, and genetic studies have shown that respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) genes, encoding NADPH oxidases, are the main producers of signal transduction-associated ROS in cells during these processes.
Immunotechniques: Concept and application in plant pathology
Authors: Saha Aniruddha , Dasgupta Sourish , Saha Dipanwita
Published: June 2022

Proper management of plant diseases requires accurate disease diagnosis and precise identification of the phytopathogens involved. Traditional and conventional methods of disease diagnosis and pathogen detection have several demerits. It takes a lot of time to diagnose a disease and to identify a pathogen accurately by traditional approaches. Moreover, results are not always conclusive because similar symptoms can be caused by different pathogens or physiological conditions and sometimes it is very difficult to distinguish closely related organisms on the basis of their morphological characters only. Thus the traditional methods normally applied for pathogen identification and disease diagnosis are less sensitive and less reliable. The need for rapid and accurate identification and diagnostic methods to identify the organisms that cause plant diseases are essential for the formulation of effective disease control strategies.
Ethnobotanical studies in India with notes on Terai-Duars and Hills of Darjiling and Sikkim
Authors: Das Abhaya Prasad , Ghosh Chandra , Sarkar Ajita , Biswas Rajib
Published: June 2022

The very survivability of man is greatly associated with plants since his origin. Plants are responsible for the supply of Man's oxygen, food, medicine, fibre, shelter and what not! Also the relationship between man and environment in general has never been static and is changing continuously. But this is not the case with tribal/ aboriginal communities the world over. The life, culture and traditions of these communities have remained almost undisturbed and static for hundreds of years. They are the living archaeological museums of ancient traditions and cultural heritage of a nation.
A formação continuada da equipe gestora na rede pública municipal de Messias-Alagoas
Authors: Da Silva Givanildo , Vieira da Silva Alex , Santos do Nascimento Fernanda
Published: June 2022

A complexidade do ato de organizar o espaço no qual o processo formal de aprendizagem acontece demanda olhares multidimensionais. O objetivo da pesquisa foi apresentar a experiência da formação continuada da equipe gestora, a partir da escuta das vozes dos participantes, na rede pública municipal de Messias, no estado de Alagoas. A metodologia desenvolvida esteve pautada na abordagem qualitativa, tendo, como objetivo, a pesquisa exploratória. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário on-line com 50 (cinquenta) participantes do curso de gestores no referido município. Os principais resultados apontaram que a experiência de formação continuada para os gestores contribuiu com questões reflexivas para o processo de organização da escola, dimensionando ações para o trabalho coletivo, para as relações interpessoais e para o efetivo trabalho da escola e da comunidade.
Palaeoclimatic Imprints as Revealed from the Studies of Intrabasaltic Bole Beds of the Deccan Traps, Maharashtra, India
Authors:   Geology Department, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune -411007(MS), India, Shaikh M.M. , Sayyed M.R.G. ,   Geology Department, Poona College, Camp, Pune -411001(MS), India, Meshram D.C. ,   Geology Department, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune -411007(MS), India
Published: June 2022

Geochemical characteristics of four Deccan intrabasaltic bole bed profiles occurring around Yelapur area of Sangli District (Maharashtra, India) were used in deducing the palaeoclimatic conditions prevailed during their formation. Higher Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW) values for all the four red boles indicate considerable chemical weathering and much leaching of the bases while the values of Parker's Weathering Index (PWI) show slight variations. Almost similar Mean Annual Temperature (MAT) values for all the red boles suggest their formation under moderate temperatures while Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP) values indicate slight variations in rainfall. Although quite variable the Iron Species Ratio values indicate oxidizing conditions while Product Index values suggest somewhat acidic conditions during the formation of red boles. Hydrolysis values in red boles indicate mostly humid conditions while values of Salinization are well below unity indicating that the red boles were formed under fairly leached conditions. A–CN–K plots for all four red bole profiles point their weathering trends towards smectite formation while SiO2– Al2O3–Fe2O3 plots indicate kaolinization stage for bole beds suggesting their incipient weathering without lateritization. Thus, these four red bole profiles were formed under somewhat humid, fairly leached, relatively well-drained and rather acidic conditions under variable rainfall. Keywords: Intrabasaltic Bole Beds, Palaeoweathering, Geochemistry, Deccan Traps, India.
Medical Geology: An Interdisciplinary Approach Intended to Unfold the Issues of Natural Environment on Public Health
Authors:   Geology Discipline Group, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi Open University, New Delhi – 110068(DL), India, Prashanth Manthena , Verma Omkar ,   Geology Discipline Group, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi Open University, New Delhi – 110068(DL), India
Published: June 2022

All living organisms on the earth require elements (major, minor, and trace) for their survival, and excessive or insufficient consumption of such elements cause serious health problems. These elements usually reside in earth material of the geosphere from where they enter into biosphere through various continuously operating geological processes such as weathering, erosion, transportation, or volcanic eruptions. Medical geology is a new and emerging branch of geosciences that studies material derived from geological processes and its effects on the health of animals and plants. The relationship between elements derived from the geological processes and their impacts on human beings had been recognized from ancient times. Keeping the importance of medical geology to the society, various organizations had been working to popularize medical geology and to bring its benefits to the society by organizing various activities and offering courses in medical geology. Currently, medical geology is being developed as an interdisciplinary science with the coordination of geoscientists and health researchers to unfold the health issues associated with the use of material derived from the natural geo-environment. This paper presents a historical overview of medical geology from the very beginning to the present and highlights areas where future research attention is required. Keywords: Earth Material, Medical Geology, Geochemical Elements, Health, Geogenic Contaminants, Geo-biosphere
Acritarchs - Palynomorphs from the Barren Measures Formation of West Bokaro Coalfield: Implications to Depositional Environment
Authors:   Department of Geology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag-825301(JH), India, Jha Yashoda Nand , Sinha H.N. ,   Department of Geology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag-825301(JH), India
Published: June 2022

The Barren Measures Formation of West Bokaro Coalfield has been examined for palynological study. The present study of shale from the exposed Barren Measures Formation along the Chotha Nala section has yielded pollen, spore, AOM, phytoclast (equidimnsional and lath shaped) and acritarchs. The yield of spore, pollen, along with acritarchs and records of primary sedimentary structures attribute to a marine incursion to a fluvial setting of Barren Measure Formation. Based on the frequency distribution of acritarchs and associated palynomorphs, three zones have been proposed in which the zone II is characterised by marine incursion of high intensity as compared to zone I and II. Keywords: Acritarchs, Spore, Pollen, Phytoclast, West Bokaro Coalfield, Marine Incursion