bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE TECHNIQUE OF EXTRACTIONTEXT AREAS ON SCANNED DOCUMENT IMAGE USING LINEAR FILTRATION
Authors: Ishchenko Alesya V. , Polyakova Marina V. , Nesteryuk Alexandr G.
Published: March 2020

The method of selection of text areas on the image of the scanned document from the background is proposed. Text areas of the image have approximately the same intensity values inside these areas. Therefore, linear filtering and threshold image transformation are used. Linear filtering allows you to smooth out the intensity values of pixels inside homogeneous areas. In the case of a threshold transformation, the threshold value is used, which makes it possible to isolate homogeneous areas of the image that make up the text fragments from the background.A study was conducted on the selection of a threshold value for highlighting homogeneous areas of text, which showed that the threshold value is better to choose among the pixel intensities at the base of the histogram peak, which corresponds to the background. It is proposed to select the threshold by the value of the second derivative for the image histogram after linear filtering. Therefore, the intensity of the local maximum of the histogram, which is closer than the other local maxima to the right end of the image intensity interval, is chosen as the threshold. For this purpose, an analysis of the histogram of the distribu-tion of image pixel intensity values is carried out after linear filtering by rows and columns at each step. Testing of the proposed method of separating textual image areas was carried out for segmentation of textual images of scanned archival newspapers from the MediaTeam documents database at the University of Oulu (Finland).The proposed method of extracting text fragments from the background using linear filtering and threshold conversion allowed to improve the quality of selection of these areas compared to the similar method in the percentage of correct recognition of text areas by 12 %, which is important for the task of image segmentation.
SETTING REGULATOR PARAMETERS IN A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC INTEGRAL CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS OF HEAT EXCHANGERS
Authors: Vychuzhanin Vladimir V.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of the synthesis of digital controllers for automatic control systems of heat exchangers of central air conditioning systems, functioning under variable significant disturbing influences. The developed regulators are designedto provide the specified quality of regulation (short regulation time, permissible value of regulation), changes in the settings of the regulators taking into account the operating conditions of the regulatory object. The circuitry of regulators should be relatively simple. The requirements for the developed controllers are implemented in a typical digital PID-controller with optimization of its settings using the differential evolution algorithm. To assess the quality of PID-regulation, the regulator was tested in the ModelSim program. Test results were analyzed using Matlab. In order to implement the requirements for the developed regulators as an alternative to the PID-regulator with optimization of its settings using the differential evolution algorithm, a combined automatic control system based on the P-regulator has been created. The control system contains a P-controller with a synthesized corrective link, providing control by the deviation of the controlled variable from its predetermined value and by the perturbation applied to the controlled variable. Assessment of the quality of regulation of the P-regulator with the corrective link was carried out according to the results of research at Matlab. PID-controller with optimization of its settings using the differential evolution algorithm, as well as P-controller with corrective link is implemented in FPGA. Themain language for describing the hardware for implementing regulators in FPGAs is the language for high-speed integrated circuits (VHDL).A comparative analysis of the results of a study of a digital PID-controller with parameter optimization and a combined automatic control systemmade it possible to establish that the controllers satisfy the required regulatory quality in the automation of heat exchangers in central air conditioning systems that are subject to significant disturbances. They have the ability to change settings taking into account the operating conditions of the regulatory object. It was found that the use of a P-controller with a synthesized corrective link, which has a simpler circuit solution, allows us to provide better control quality indicators in comparison with a PID-controller with optimized settings.
CHANGES IN PORTFOLIES MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATION PROJECTS IN CONDITIONS OF BEHAVIORAL ECONOMY
Authors: Molokanova Valentina M.
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the methodological aspects of portfolio management of organizations development in conditions of behavioral economy. It is shown that the success of the organization’s development portfolio is impossible without taking into account the dominant values of the organization. The article discusses conceptual provisions, methods and models that form the basis of value-oriented management of project portfolios. The conceptual foundations of the value-oriented portfolio management of organizational development are based on models of project life cycles, the formation of a vision for the development of organizations based on the evolutionary theory of values in dynamic environment. The existing concepts, models and methods of managing projects portfolios of organizational development are analyzed. Establishing the correspondence of the dominant levels of organizational values to the established practices of project management showed that the management of project portfolios should be considered from the perspective of a fundamentally new paradigm - as a systematic activity for the development of organizations based on the values that dominate the organization. The types of organizational cultures in accordance with the evolutionary theory of values are considered. The model of value-oriented development of the organization has been further developed and given an understanding of the essence of the spiral nature of the systems development and allows the implementation of joint measures for the organizations development in the form of projects portfolio. It is shown a model for diagnosing the state of organizational values at the stages of the system life cycle to determine a strategy for adapting organizational values to the requirements of the external environment. The method of competitive analysis of portfolio components has been improved to form the composition of the organization’s development portfolio by applying the principles of value-oriented and reflective management to make managerial decisions. The practical application of technology for value-oriented management of the enterprise development portfolio as a complex organizational and technical system is considered.
Seguridad Humana: vincular desarrollo y seguridad en una era de terror
Authors: DUFFIELD Mark
Published: March 2020

La seguridad humana es comúnmente entendida como la priorización de la seguridad de las personas, especialmente su bienestar social, seguridad y calidad de vida, por encima de la seguridad de los estados. Sin embargo, lejos de examinar la seguridad humana como una condición medible o específica, el objetivo de este artículo es indagar cómo la seguridad humana —como tecnología de gobernanza— determina la forma en que las poblaciones que viven en los territorios de estados ineficaces son comprendidas, diferenciadas y validadas por las instituciones de cooperación provenientes de los países eficaces. Para conseguirlo, primero definirá el término desarrollo desde una perspectiva biopolítica, es decir, como una tecnología de seguridad orientada a promover la vida de poblaciones que —comparadas con los habitantes de sociedades desarrolladas— están en esencia "no aseguradas". Para este artículo es de especial interés examinar cómo la seguridad humana, entendida como una relación de gobernanza, ha continuado evolucionando de la mano de la guerra contra el terrorismo. Hacia finales de la década de los noventa, la seguridad humana condensaba una visión que integraba las redes de ayuda existentes en un sistema internacional de intervención coordinado, capaz de complementar los esfuerzos de los estados ineficaces para brindar seguridad a sus ciudadanos y a sus economías. Comparada con esta noción más universalista de seguridad humana, en la que desarrollo y seguridad se entendían como “diferentes pero iguales”, la guerra contra el terrorismo ha profundizado la interconexión entre desarrollo y seguridad. En particular, está reenfocando los recursos de cooperación hacia aquellas subpoblaciones, regiones y asuntos que se consideran un riesgo para la seguridad nacional de los estados desarrollados. Mientras algunas organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) se preocupan por las crecientes amenazas a su independencia, para otras han surgido nuevas posibilidades y oportunidades para la interacción estatal/no-estatal.
La seguridad humana: del concepto al enfoque. Causas de la reducción de su uso como concepto
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ GARCÍA Nuria
Published: March 2020

El concepto de seguridad humana, si bien lo que pretendía era desligarse del concepto de seguridad de guerra fría, ligado al armamento y poner su centro en la persona, no ha tenido demasiado éxito en la esfera internacional. Este artículo realizará una evolución del concepto de seguridad humana y se verá cuál es su vinculación con la protección de derechos humanos y otros principios de Naciones Unidas como la responsabilidad de proteger. Este artículo propondrá que la falta de concreción del término, su uso selectivo y la unión de perspectivas de derechos humanos y seguridad, es lo que le ha restado poder. Y, así, como ha pasado con otros términos de construcción política, su politización ha llevado a: a) que se necesite un cambio en el uso del concepto como tal, convirtiéndose en un modo de hacer, esto es, un enfoque amplio que proponga marcos de análisis y planificación; y, b) que hayan aparecido otros conceptos que se usen más en detrimento del de la seguridad humana como el de resiliencia, que pone el foco en la población que hay que proteger a través del empoderamiento.
Are civil protection forces a better choice than the military? Human security and military forces deployment under new security risks
Authors: NOVO Carolina , PONTE E SOUSA Pedro
Published: March 2020

This paper intends to reflect on the most appropriate means to enhance human security under the multiplication of new security risks, asking whether the responsibility should be attributed to the military or the civil protection forces and discussing the challenges that both agencies’ operations raise. We argue that civil protection forces’ role should be reinforced (and their resources, capabilities and readiness improved) to protect human security under risk materialization (which also meets United Nations Oslo Guidelines). In order to support this claim, we will explore: first, the intentions (and opportunities and challenges) of the military in co-opting new security risks into their agenda, as well as (argue for and) intervening as the key actor in foreign interventions; second, how the divide between internal and external security curtails military action abroad in new threats and risks and demonstrates its inadequacy (even with dual-purpose/dual-use equipment); third, how new threats and (particularly) risks make civil protection forces more useful in foreign interventions than the military. Resorting to the Idai cyclone in Mozambique and Portugal’s response to it, we will briefly explore issues arising from the deployment of the military in a scenario on natural disasters. In short, we claim that, civil protection forces’ frequently offer a better contribution to human security crises than the military.
Seguridad humana en Ecuador: calibrando las ideas a través de una cartografía conceptual
Authors: COLMENARES ZAPATA Alexis Jose
Published: March 2020

Desde que fuera propuesto por el Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) en 1994, las conceptualizaciones sobre la seguridad humana han abarcado una variedad de amenazas a las que se plantea hacer frente. Durante las primeras décadas del siglo XXI en Ecuador hubo un uso político del enfoque de la seguridad humana. Dado que la seguridad humana es un concepto escabroso para definir, la pregunta que orienta a este artículo es ¿qué ideas y nociones de seguridad humana se propagaron en Ecuador entre el año 2001 y 2016? El objetivo es analizar las ideas y nociones de la seguridad humana que se difundieron a través de la construcción de una cartografía conceptual, véase la Figura 1, que nos permita analizar las tendencias que significó la incorporación del enfoque de seguridad humana en los instrumentos normativos y políticos ecuatorianos. Con ello se busca desplegar una guía práctica para comprender cómo los actores entienden el significado de la seguridad humana en toda su magnitud basada en la noción, categorización, caracterización, diferenciación, subdivisión, vinculación y ejemplificación del término e identificar las diferencias que existen en el entendimiento del término. En Ecuador el concepto de seguridad humana es una noción que fue impulsada en un inicio por actores provenientes del sector académico y las Fuerzas Armadas y en menor medida por las organizaciones internacionales. No obstante, la falta de desarrollo conceptual del término y las dificultades en su operacionalización conllevaron a que los decisores ecuatorianos se enfocaran en su versión restringida: seguridad humana vinculada a la seguridad ciudadana. Por último, además de reflexionar sobre la situación actual de la seguridad humana, bajo una mirada prospectiva se plantean futuros posibles para este paradigma de seguridad.
Pembelajaran IPA Terpadu dengan Tipe Connected dengan Model Experiential Learning untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa SMP
Authors: Ridyah Surya Warni , Sriyati Siti
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aims to identify the increasing mastery of skills of junior high school science students after the application of the Experiential Learning in Integrated Science learning. The method used was pre-experimental with design pretest-posttest of one-group which was conducted in one of the Junior High School in Bandung, with a sample of eighth grade students (Class VIII H) as many as 34 students in the 2nd half of 2014/2015 academic year. The research instrument was like pretest and posttest to measure the increase of science process skills, finished learning observation sheets and questionnaires to determine the response of students to the implementation of Experiential Learning model. The results showed integrated science learning by implementation of Integrated Experiential Learning model can improve skills of science process skills of junior high school students. Increased each KPS's indicator has a value that varies in sequence from largest to smallest: hypothesizing (0,65), interpretating (0,58), applying the concept (0,36) and communicating (0,35).These results indicated the model of Experiential Learning is one of learning model that can improve students' mastery KPS.Keywords: connected; experiential  learning; science process skillsAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peningkatan keterampilan proses sains siswa SMP setelah penerapan model experiential learning pada pembelajaran IPA Terpadu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-eksperimen dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest yang dilakukan di salah satu SMP Negeri di Kota Bandung, dengan sampel siswa kelas VIII H sebanyak 34 siswa semester 2 Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015. Instrumen penelitian berupa soal pretest dan posttest untuk mengukur peningkatan keterampilan proses sains, lembar observasi untuk keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, dan lembar angket untuk mengetahui tanggapan siswa terhadap pelaksanaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembelajaran IPA Terpadu dengan penerapan model experiential learning dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains siswa SMP pada topik tekanan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari rata-rata skor N-Gain dari penguasaan konsep siswa sebesar 0,55 berada pada kategori sedang. Rata-rata N-gain KPS adalah 0,53 pada kategori sedang. Peningkatan masing-masing indikator KPS memiliki nilai yang bervariasi secara berurut dari yang terbesar hingga terkecil yaitu: berhipotesis (0,65), interpretasi (0,58), menerapkan konsep (0,36) dan mengkomunikasikan (0,35). Hasil-hasil ini menunjukkan model experiential learning merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains siswa.Kata Kunci: connected; experiential learning; keterampilan proses sains Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/es.v8i2.1802
ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER, KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS, DAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP SISWA PADA TOPIK KOLOID MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING
Authors: Nur Al Hafit , Sopandi Wahyu , Mustapha Iqbal
Published: March 2020

Abstract This study aims to obtain a model of learning that develop character values​​, science process skills, and mastery of concepts students. This study was designed with a quasi-experimental methods, to form "the two-group pretest-posttest design". The instrument used in this study is the science process skills test items and mastery of concepts, student worksheets, observation sheets and questionnaires of students and teachers. The subjects of this study were students at one of the high schools in Kampar regency of Riau as many as 24 peoples in experimental class and 24 peoples in control class. The results showed that the guided inquiry learning students can develop character, enhancing science process skills and mastery of concepts students colloid significantly compared to conventional learning. Keywords: Guided inquiry; character values​​; science process skills; mastery of concepts; colloid Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lembar kerja siswa (LKS) berbasis mind map Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan suatu model pembelajaran yang mengembangkan nilai-nilai karakter, keterampilan proses sains, dan penguasaan konsep siswa. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan metode kuasi eksperimen, dengan bentuk “the two-group pretest-postest design”. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah butir tes keterampilan proses sains dan penguasaan konsep, lembar kerja siswa, lembar observasi, dan angket siswa dan guru. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa di salah satu SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Kampar Riau sebanyak 24 orang kelas eksperimen dan 24 orang kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat mengembangkan karakter siswa, meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains dan penguasaan konsep koloid siswa yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Kata Kunci: Inkuiri terbimbing; nilai-nilai karakter; keterampilan proses sains; penguasaan konsep; koloid  Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/es.v8i2.1849
PENGEMBANGAN THREE-TIER TEST DIGITAL UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI MISKONSEPSI PADA KONSEP FLUIDA STATIS
Authors: Kamilah Dendy Siti , Suwarna Iwan Permana
Published: March 2020

Abstract This study aims to develop and produce a three-tier test digital instrument to identify misconceptions in the concept of fluid statics. This research is categorized as research development. Stages of development used is stages according to Van den Akker, consisting of (1) preliminary study, (2) prototyping stage, (3) summative evaluation, and (4) systematic reflection and documentation. The study was conducted at four high schools in South Jakarta. This development research produce 17 items of three-tier test instrument digital on Google Form in concept of fluid statics, misconception analysis, and usage instructions. Three-tier test developed is effective because have content validity (CVI = 0,9), contruct validity (r = 0,6), and item validity (r> 0.4). Based on the research stage, the digital test instrument has practical and ready to be implemented. Acceptance of teachers and students of the three-tier digital instrument test gives  positive response, acceptability of 100% for teachers and 66.7% for students. Keywords: three-tier test; misconception; fluid statics; digital instrument; research development Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menghasilkan instrumen digital three-tier test untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi pada konsep fluida statis. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian pengembangan. Tahapan pengembangan yang digunakan adalah tahapan menurut Van den Akker, yang terdiri dari (1) penelitian pendahuluan, (2) tahap prototipe, (3) evaluasi sumatif, dan (4) refleksi sistematik serta dokumentasi. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 SMA Negeri di Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian pengembangan ini menghasilkan instrumen three-tier test menggunakan Google Form sebanyak 17 butir soal pada konsep fluida statis, analisator miskonsepsi dan petunjuk pengguaan. Instrumen yang dikembangkan efektif karena memenuhi validitas konten (CVI = 0,9), validitas konstruksi (r = 0,6), dan validitas butir soal (r > 0,4). Berdasarkan tahapan penelitian, instrumen tes digital sudah praktis dan siap diimplementasikan. Penerimaan guru dan siswa terhadap instrumen digital three-tier test memberikan respon yang positif, dengan penerimaan 100% untuk guru dan 66,7% untuk siswa dari responden yang diwawancarai. Kata Kunci: three-tier test; miskonsepsi; fluida statis; instrumen digital; penelitian pengembangan  Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/es.v8i2.5192
Refusal of Intramuscular Vitamin K by Parents of Newborns: A Review
Authors: Loyal Jaspreet , Shapiro Eugene D.
Published: March 2020

In 2019, the American Academy of Pediatrics made public education about intramuscular vitamin K administration at birth a public health priority, partly in response to reports of refusal of intramuscular vitamin K by parents of newborns that led to vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB). We reviewed the literature on the frequency of, reported reasons for, and factors associated with refusal of intramuscular vitamin K, incidence of VKDB in newborns who did not receive intramuscular vitamin K, and use of oral vitamin K to prevent VKDB. Without prophylaxis, estimates of the incidence per 100 000 births of VKDB range from 250 to 1700 for early VKDB and from 10.5 to 80 for late VKDB. The frequency of refusal of intramuscular vitamin K by parents ranged from 0% to 3.2% in US hospitals, up to 14.5% in home births, and up to 31.0% in birthing centers. Reported reasons for refusal were concern of harm from the injection, a desire to be natural, and a belief in alternative methods of prophylaxis. Parents who refused intramuscular vitamin K were more likely to refuse immunizations. Many different regimens were used for orally administered vitamin K; it is not clear which is best, but all are less effective than intramuscular vitamin K. VKDB is rare but can result in either neurologic sequelae or death. In addition to continued surveillance of the frequency of both refusal of intramuscular vitamin K and VKDB, a renewed focus on education of and collaboration with parents is needed to address this major public health threat.
Care of Pediatric High-Cost Hospitalizations Across Hospital Types
Authors: Lopez Michelle A. , Hall Matt , Auger Katherine A. , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Colvin Jeffrey D. , Cutler Gretchen J. , Fieldston Evan , Macy Michelle L. , Morse Rustin , Raphael Jean L. , Russell Heidi , Shah Samir S. , Sills Marion R.
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

High-cost hospitalizations (HCHs) account for a substantial proportion of pediatric health care expenditures. We aimed to (1) describe the distribution of pediatric HCHs across hospital types caring for children and (2) compare characteristics of pediatric HCHs by hospital type.

METHODS:

Cross-sectional analysis of all pediatric hospitalizations in the 2012 Kids’ Inpatient Database. HCHs were defined as costs >$40 000 (94th percentile). Hospitals were categorized as children’s, small general, and large general.

RESULTS:

Approximately 166 000 HCHs were responsible for 50.8% of aggregate hospital costs ($18.1 of $35.7 billion) and were mostly at children’s hospitals (65%). Children with an HCH were largely neonates (45%), had public insurance (50%), and had ≥1 chronic condition (74%). A total of 131 children’s hospitals cared for a median of 559 HCHs per hospital (interquartile range [IQR]: 355–1153) compared to 76 HCHs per hospital (IQR: 32–151) at 397 large general hospitals and 5 HCHs per hospital (IQR: 2–22) at 3581 small general hospitals. The median annual aggregate cost for HCHs was $60 million (IQR: $36–$135) per children’s hospital compared to $6.6 million (IQR: $2–$15) per large general hospital and $300 000 (IQR: $116 000–$1.5 million) per small general hospital. HCHs from children’s hospitals encompassed nearly 5 times as many unique clinical conditions as large general hospitals and >30 times as many as small general hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children’s hospitals cared for a disproportionate volume, cost, and diversity of HCHs compared to general hospitals. Future studies should characterize the factors driving cost, resources, and reimbursement practices for HCH to ensure the long-term financial viability of the pediatric health care system.
Perspectives: The Flipped Classroom in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: French Heather , Arias-Shah AnnaMarie , Gisondo Carly , Gray Megan M.
Published: March 2020

Andragogy, the art and science of helping adults learn, is a learner-centric conceptual framework that considers adult learner characteristics and their motivations for learning. These motivations range from internal will, readiness to learn, and relevance to one’s own life. The flipped classroom, an increasingly popular educational method for both learners and educators, aligns with an andragogical approach as it uses classroom time for application of knowledge and critical thinking rather than for a passive didactic lecture. The growing body of educational research demonstrating increased performance and knowledge retention using this method has led to its incorporation into graduate medical education materials, including the National Neonatology Curriculum. In this article, the authors review how the flipped classroom, an active educational method that embraces the tenets of adult learning theory, may be more effective in graduate medical education compared with traditional lecture.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Emergency Medical Transport of the Newborn
Authors: Gien Jason , Nuxoll Craig , Kinsella John P.
Published: March 2020

Randomized controlled trials in the 1990s confirmed the safety and efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in near-term and term newborns with hypoxemic respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension, demonstrating improved oxygenation and reduced need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy. However, in about 30% to 40% of sick newborns, these improvements in oxygenation and hemodynamics are not sustained and affected infants often require rapid transfer to an ECMO center despite the initiation of iNO. Abrupt discontinuation of iNO therapy before transport in patients who have had little apparent clinical benefit can be harmful because of acute deterioration with severe hypoxemia. Thus, continued use of iNO therapy during hospital transfer of infants with pulmonary hypertension is important. In this review, we describe: 1) the history of iNO use during transport; 2) a practical approach to iNO during transport; and 3) guidelines for the initiation of iNO before or during transport.
EFFICACY OF ULTRA-LOW VOLUME DISINFECTION WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE VAPOUR IN A POULTRY HATCHERY
Authors: Zhelev G. , Lazarov Il
Published: March 2020

Good hygiene in the hatcheries is one of the most important factors for normal hatching, low embryonic mortality and healthy chickens. The best disinfectant in these sites should combine high antimicrobial efficiency, lack of damages on the eggs and embryos, and has to be harmless for the staff and the environment. One of the few disinfectants which meets all these conditions is hydrogen peroxide. This study presents data on the effectiveness of disinfection with hydrogen peroxide vapour in a poultry hatchery. Nocolyse One Shot disinfectant (Oxy Pharm, France), containing 12% hydrogen peroxide and silver ions was used, which was applied by Nocospray (an ultra-low volume application device, Oxy Pharm, France) in a dose of 5 mL per 1 m3. The results obtained show high efficiency of the disinfection treatments. The achieved microbial reduction in the hatchers was in the range from 95.51% (1.35 log10) for the floor to 99.89% (2.95log10) for the air. The reduction of microbial contamination during the processing of hatching eggs was in the rate of 99.75% (2.6 log10). The high efficiency of the treatments, the low toxicity and ecological safety of the hydrogen peroxide and the ease way of its application are the reasons to extend the implementation of the method in hatchery hygiene practices.
EFFECT OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE, ASPARTATE AND ALANINE TRANSFERASES IN THE BLOOD PLASMA OF RABBITS
Authors: Mircheva Georgieva T. , Penchev Georgiev Iv. , Markov N. , Markov I. , Bozakova N. , Petrov V. , Nikolova N.
Published: March 2020

The aim of this paper is to investigate the dynamics of the activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate (ASAT) and alanine (ALAT) transferases in plasma of rabbits that are infected with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). METHODS: The experiment was carried out with 12 male rabbits (White New Zealand), divided into two groups: experimental and control. Blood samples from each rabbit were taken before the euthanasia of v. auricularis externa as follows: at 3 months of age, coinciding with 0 hours before infection, and at 6, 24, 48, 72 hours and on days 7, 14 and 21 after S. aureus infection in sterile heparinized tubes. The AP, ASAT and ALAT were performed on a semi-automated biochemical analyzer, Section in Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. RESULTS: The results showed significant decreasing (P <0.05) of AP 48h after infection and on day 14 comparing to the control group(P<0,01), significant increasing of ALAT (P<0,01) comparingto the control group and pre-initial level and significant increasing of ASAT on day 14 and day 21 in the experimental group comparing initial level.
INVESTIGATION ON ENERGY AND PROTEIN TRANSFORMATION ALONG THE TROPHIC CHAIN “FEED – JAPANESE QUAIL’S EGGS” USING THE SYSTEM “CLARCS OF TRANSFORMATION/DISTRIBUTION”
Authors: Penkov D. , Genchev A.
Published: March 2020

An investigation of the energy and protein transformation along the trophic chain “feed – egg mélange” in 2 breeds of Japanese quails has been conducted. The system “Clarcs of energy distribution (CED) and Clarcs of (crude) protein transformation (CPT)” was developed. The following values were established: CED „feed – egg mélange“– between from 0.1851 (Pharaoh) to 0.1885 (Manchurian golden); CPT „feed – egg mélange“– between from 0.1905 (Pharaoh) to 0.1932 (Manchurian golden).
PREVALENCE, DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF OVARIAN FOLLICULAR CYSTS IN DAIRY COWS
Authors: Naglis G.
Published: March 2020

Ovarian cysts are among the primary causes for poor reproduction efficiency and economic losses in dairy cattle farming. Material and metods: The studies were performed in 2015-2017 in three dairy cattle farms.In the experiment, 79 cows with follicular ovarian cysts were divided randomly into 3 groups. To the first group (n=33), a standard double Ovsynch was applied with 0.01 mg GnRH (Veterelin, Laboratorios Calier, Spain) on day 0, 150 µg PGF2α (D – Cloprosstenolsodium, Indupart, Vetpharma Animal Health, Spain) on day 7, 0.01 mg GnRH (Veterelin, Laboratorios Calier, Spain) on
day 10, and after 7 days, Ovsynch (GnRH-PGF-GnRH). The cows from the second group (n=28) were submitted to double Ovsynch and additional progesterone treatment through placement of Controlled Internal Drug Release device (EAZI BREED CIDR Cattle insert, 1.38 g progesterone; Pfizer Animal Health, USA) for 7 days between the first GnRH at day 0 and prostaglandin on day 7. The control group comprised 18 untreated cows. Results: First-service conception rate in cows treated by double Ovsynch and vaginal inserts was higher 28.6% compared to that in standard double Ovsynch: 24.2%. Cumulative pregnancy percentage after applied treatments was 60.7% in double Ovsynch plus progesterone and 54.5% in standard double Ovsynch.
Pesan Dakwah pada Media Sosial
Authors: Nurazizah Tika Kania , Anwar Saeful , Bahrudin Bahrudin
Published: March 2020

Grup Line Takeru mengemas pesan suara berisikan pesan dakwah yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui unsur semantik, sintaksis, stilistik dan retoris pada pesan suara Grup tersebut. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori wacana Teun A. Van Dijk. Struktur wacana yang digunakan, yaitu struktur makro, superstruktur dan mikro. Penulis membatasi hanya pada struktur mikro. Elemen semantik dari pesan suara dalam Grup tersebut yaitu makna yang ditekankan dengan memberikan detil. Pada elemen sintaksis bentuk kalimat yang tersusun umumnya bentuk kalimat aktif dengan kata ganti orang pertama (jamak). Pada elemen stilistik pilihan kata yang digunakan umumnya menggunkan “kita”. Elemen retoris, ekspresi yang tergambar yaitu optimis dan semangat. Dapat disimpulkan pada tahapan semantik pesan suara pada Grup Line Takeru menyampaikan detil mengenai aqidah dan akhlak. Tahapan sintaksis pesan suara disampaikan dalam bentuk kalimat aktif. Tahapan stilistik pilihan kata pada pesan suara umum digunakan dan dapat dipahami. Tahapan retoris berisi ekspresi narasumber.

The Line Takeru group packs voicemail containing missionary messages related to everyday life. This research is intended to study the elements, syntax, stylistic and rhetorical in the voices of the Group. The theory used is discourse theory Teun A. Van Dijk. The discourse structure used, namely macro structure, superstructure and micro. The author agrees only on microstructure. The semantic element of voicemail in the Group is the meaning provided by providing details. In the syntactic elements arranged form sentences are generally active sentence forms with first person pronouns (plural). In the stylistic element the choice words used generally use "us". Rhetorical elements, the enthusiasm that is reflected is optimism and enthusiasm. It can be concluded that the semantic stage of the message in the Takeru Line Group is detailed about aqeedah and morality. The syntactic stages of voicemail are delivered in the form of active sentences. Stylistic stages of the choice of words in voice messages are commonly used and can be understood. The rhetorical stage contains the expression of the resource person.
Stereotyping of Digital Games
Authors: Vitytė Birutė
Published: March 2020

The article analyses the stereotyping characteristics of digital games. It presents research data obtained by the classical Glaser’s strategy version of the Grounded Theory. The results of the research demonstrate that digital games are not often perceived as a multidimensional phenomenon but, instead, they are understood through one or several properties of the game, i.e. through stereotyping.The following dominant stereotypes applicable to digital games (Digital games are addictive; They reduce children’s creativity and skills; Girls do not play. Games are not a feminine thing; Digital games are no art; They promote aggressive behaviour; A game is a game. Science is science; When playing, people do not think; The goal is to make people addicted to the product) are analysed in terms of stereotype forming characteristics associated with digital games, in terms of stereotype formation stages, and in terms of maintaining, changing and denying stereotypes.Feelings, emotions, initial experience influencing any new experiences, and social context are important factors of the stereotype formation process related to digital games. Stereotype formation stages described by other researchers are also characteristic of the stereotypes applicable to digital games. The stereotypes of digital games are maintained through: illusory correlation and assimilation, attributional and automatic processes and, also, by the fact that they often are self-fulfilling prophecies. The existing stereotypes on digital games are resistant but they can still be changed. The researchers have distinguished between the following stereotype change models: bookkeeping, conversion, subtyping, and exemplar-based model, which can also be seen in the stereotype change mechanisms related to digital games.
Semiotic Characteristics of the 9th Grade Math Textbook
Authors: Alkhateeb Mohammad Ahmad
Published: March 2020

This study employed the social semiotic method to analyze the 9th grade textbook in Jordan. Through analyzes three texts-related major aspects: intellectual function, interpersonal function, and textual function. The results showed that math is abstract, and assertive, and that math is located in a self-independent realm, with its own mathematical beings and with the existence of an official and far relationship between the book and the student. The math textbook tends to show the students as if they are merely ordered implementers.
Tribute to Professor Andrew J. Lees
Authors: TEIVE Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , MEIRA Alex Tiburtino , CAMARGO Carlos Henrique Ferreira , CARDOSO Francisco Eduardo Costa
Published: March 2020

Abstract Professor Andrew John Lees, from the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, a neurological hospital in Queen Square, London, UK, has contributed in a stupendous way to the development of the field of movement disorders in Brazil, with a constant and intense participation in numerous congresses and scientific meetings of this specialty since 1983.
Impact of adult sons’ marriage squeeze on the mental health of parents in rural China
Authors: Chen Guangyan , Si Wei , Qiu Lingling
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT: Studying the influencing factors and interventions of mental health in rural China has important practical significance for promoting personal development and social progress. Using the 2016 waves of the China Family Panel Studies data, this paper examined the effect of adult sons’ marriage squeeze on parents’ mental health in rural China and its corresponding mechanisms. Our study showed a significant negative association between adult sons’ marriage squeeze and the mental health status of rural parents. Moreover, the negative association of adult sons’ marriage squeeze with mental health is larger for female parents, parents who are less than 60 years old and parents living with children. In addition, we investigated possible mechanisms of the effect, including intergenerational support, intergenerational relationship and neighborhood relationship, and that adult sons’ marriage squeeze mainly damages the mental health of rural parents by increasing the downstream intergenerational support of rural parents and worsening intergenerational and neighborhood relationships.
Surface roughness of edge glued panels (EGP) of amazon maneged species
Authors: Araujo Roberto Daniel de , Santos Joaquim dos , Nascimento Claudete Catanhede do , Nascimento Cristiano Souza do , Barros Sâmia Valeria dos Santos , Lima Maria da Paz
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT In the Amazon, the sustainable use of wood is associated with technological research that indicates industrial use. Surface roughness of wood is an important criterion for assessing tool condition, machining performance and product quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of five Amazonian woods used in the manufacture of EGP (Edge Glued Panels).The woods Angelim pedra, Angelim vermelho, Breu vermelho, Murici and Piãozinho, obtained from managed areas of the Amazon, were used in the manufacture of EGP panels. Surface treatments were performed with 120 and 180 grit sandpaper. Surface ripples (roughness) were measured using a digital roughness meter with needle (n = 180 readings). Physical and mechanical tests were performed on both wood and EGP samples, to verify the possible relationship between these properties and roughness. EGP Piãozinho presented better surface quality, which consists of lower roughness (lower surface wave height), while EGP Angelim pedra presented uneven surfaces. Surface quality was satisfactory when 120 grain sandpaper was applied to most products. The results showed a highly significant effect of roughness such as the physical-mechanical properties. The highlight of the study is the wood and EGP Piãozinho, because in all the tests, it always presented the best performances.
Foliar fertilization on the production of grafted dwarf cashew seedlings
Authors: Santos Ricardo Miranda dos , Serrano Luiz Augusto Lopes , Taniguchi Carlos Alberto Kenji , Artur Adriana Guirado , Natale William , Corrêa Márcio Cleber de Medeiros
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Foliar fertilization is an important agricultural technique that has stood out for its ease of use and can contribute to the production of high-quality and -vigor cashew seedlings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar fertilizer rates and time of application on ‘BRS 226’ dwarf cashew seedlings after grafting. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and 24 replicates. Each experimental unit consisted of one plant. The commercial product (NPK 20-20-20) was used at the recommended rate for fruit crops in general, 2.5 g L-1. Foliar fertilizer applications at 45 and 60 days after grafting (DAG), with 50% of the recommended rate (1.25 g L-1), or at 80 DAG, with 100% of the recommended, promoted increments of 9% and 13% in the total dry mass, respectively, in comparison to unfertilized plants. Besides that, at 80 DAG the foliar fertilizer application caused significant difference in the B contents, allowed obtaining better quality ‘BRS 226’ grafted dwarf-cashew seedlings. In the production of grafted seedlings of ‘BRS 226’ dwarf-cashew, it’s recommended to foliar fertilization at 45 and 60 days after grafting, with 1.25 g L-1 of the product based on NPK 20-20-20; or a single dose application 2.5 g L-1 at 80 days after grafting.
Análise da repentina duplicação da largura de um poço quadrado infinito 1-dim: um resultado surpreendente à primeira vista
Authors: Suave Rogério Netto , Ferreira Erich Andrade , Nogueira José Alexandre
Published: March 2020

Resumo Neste trabalho, chamamos a atenção de como um exercício comumente sugerido em livros-texto de Mecânica Quântica pode conduzir a um resultado surpreendente à primeira vista e como a elucidação deste resultado surpreendente pode ajudar na sedimentação dos conceitos de Mecânica Quântica envolvidos. O problema é o de uma partícula no interior de um poço quadrado infinito, o qual tem sua largura repentinamente dobrada. A surpresa está em que resultados diferentes podem ser obtidos quando o poço é tratado como não simétrico ou como simétrico, embora, como se sabe bem, ambos sejam fisicamente idênticos.
Dry matter and macronutrient extraction curves of potato varieties in the Alto Paranaíba region, Brazil
Authors: Silva Carlos D. da , Soares Maria E. P. , Ferreira Miller H. , Cavalcante Alian C. P. , Andrade Guilherme A. V. de , Aquino Leonardo A. de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Information on plant nutrient extraction is of utmost importance for the management of fertilization in crops. The objective of the study was to determine the accumulation of dry matter mass in the tubers and aerial parts of the plants and to generate absorption curves of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca and Mg for the potato varieties Ágata, Asterix, Atlantic and Taurus. The shoot and tuber samples were collected at 6, 13, 54, 66, 70, 82 and 97 days after planting. The highest accumulation of dry matter was observed in the Asterix and Atlantic varieties. The varieties Asterix and Atlantic showed higher N and K extraction and, consequently, higher productivity, while Taurus and Ágata presented lower yields and nutrient extraction. The period of greatest demand for macronutrients for the varieties studied is during the tuber filling phase (40 days after plantation). The variation between potato varieties in macronutrient extraction indicates a need for differential management fertilization of the plants.
Development of mortar for laying and coating with pineapple fibers
Authors: Azevedo Afonso R. , Marvila Markssuel T. , Zanelato Euzébio B. , Alexandre Jonas , Xavier Gustavo C. , Cecchin Daiane
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Brazil is one of the largest producers of pineapple in the world, which, in addition to bringing substantial benefits, contributes to increasing waste generation in the stages of processing, aiming at its consumption. The Brazilian environmental legislation has been increasingly more restrictive with respect to the disposal of solid waste, whether domestic, industrial or agro-industrial, which has stimulated studies related to the use of these materials in several matrices. This study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of using the natural fiber of pineapple (Ananas comosus), extracted from its leaves, as reinforcing material in cementitious composites. For this purpose, natural fiber extracted from the pineapple crown was incorporated in different percentages in relation to the cement mass: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10%, and the fibers obtained were submerged in aqueous NaOH solution with 5% concentration in volume, for 1 h at room temperature. The following variables were evaluated: consistency, water retention, incorporated air, mass density in hardened state, mechanical strength, water absorption by immersion and capillarity, besides verifying the influence of the mode of fiber incorporation. It was observed that the treatment with NaOH solution and the percentage of natural pineapple fiber incorporated in up to 5% in relation to the cement mass form mortars with technological feasibility.
Rapid assessment of the ichthyofauna of the southern Guiana Shield tributaries of the Amazonas River in Pará, Brazil
Authors: DUTRA Guilherme M. , FREITAS Tiago M. S. , PRUDENTE Bruno S. , SALVADOR Gilberto N. , LEÃO Manuela D. V. , PEIXOTO Luiz A. W. , MENDONÇA Marina B. , NETTO-FERREIRA André L. , SILVA Fabio R. , MONTAG Luciano F. A. , WOSIACKI Wolmar B.
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The Northern Pará Drainage System encompasses the left-bank tributaries of the Amazonas River in the southern Guiana Shield region of Pará state, Brazil. Five of the region’s state protected areas are considered strategic for the conservation of its biodiversity. In the present study, we assessed the ichthyofauna of the five state protected areas of the Northern Pará Drainage System. Seven expeditions were conducted between January 2008 and January 2009, which surveyed stretches of the Cuminá, Cuminapanema, Curuá, Jari, Mapuera, Nhamundá, and Paru rivers. These surveys yielded 286 species belonging to 38 families and eight orders, including seven new records of fish species for Brazil, six of which are also new records for the Amazon basin. Our results provide a valuable database for future research and conservation programs in the protected areas of the region.