bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal survey on the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Healthcare Workers (PsyCOVer) in France: study protocol
Authors: Bertuzzi Leticia , El Aarbaoui Tarik , Heron Mégane , Gosselin Anne , Roy-de-Lachaise Laurine , Fossi Larissa , Della Corte Francesco , Vignier Nicolas , Melchior Maria , Schreiber Merritt , Vandentorren Stephanie , Vuillermoz Cécile
Published: January 2022

Introduction

In the pandemic, healthcare professionals face even higher levels of stress. It is therefore a priority to estimate the impact of the pandemic on mental health and to propose targeted strategies to improve resilience. The aims of the study were to (1) assess the mental health of healthcare professionals working with patients with COVID-19 and identify social determinants that may increase the risk of negative outcomes; and (2) test the effectiveness of an intervention to improve the resilience of healthcare professionals in France.

Methods and analysis

To evaluate the first objective, a national longitudinal study will be carried out among healthcare professionals working with patients with COVID-19. Participants will be recruited via an internet link that will be widely disseminated on social media, mailing lists, medical boards and French medical journals. Primary outcomes are mental health distress/symptoms and resilience. Secondary outcomes are burnout, social and occupational supports and substance use. To meet the second objective, an interventional study will be conducted. The main outcome is the effectiveness of the PsySTART-Responder and the Anticipate.Plan.Deter program. Qualitative analyses will be conducted to understand the strategies used to cope with the pandemic.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol was approved by the Sorbonne Université Ethical Committee (No 2020-CER-2020-27) and was declared to French Commission on Information Technology and Liberties, CNIL (N°2222413, 20-05-2021). The results of this study will provide a better understanding of mental health and social inequalities in mental health among healthcare professionals working in the pandemic; data about the effectiveness of the PsySTART-Responder and the Anticipate.Plan.Deter interventional program in France.
Implementing an evidence-based somatic acupressure intervention in breast cancer survivors with the symptom cluster of fatigue, sleep disturbance and depression: study protocol of a phase II randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wang Tao , Tan Jing-Yu (Benjamin) , Liu Xian-Liang , Zheng Si-Lin , Zhao Isabella , Eliseeva Sabina , Polotan Mary Janice , Cheng Hui-Lin , Huang Hou-Qiang
Published: January 2022

Introduction

The fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression (FSD) symptom cluster, as one of the most common symptom clusters in breast cancer (BC) survivors, can significantly decrease patients’ quality of life. Since the management of the FSD symptom cluster has been unsatisfactory with the use of pharmacological treatments alone, non-pharmacological approaches have, therefore, been recommended. Somatic acupressure (SA) is a promising approach given its potential benefits of cancer-related symptom alleviation and the convenience of self-practice. However, research evidence on using acupressure to manage the FSD symptom cluster has been limited. The proposed trial aims to examine the feasibility and preliminary effects of an evidence-based SA intervention for FSD symptom cluster management in BC survivors.

Methods and analysis

This study will be a phase II randomised controlled trial with three study arms and 1:1:1 allocation. Fifty-one early-stage BC survivors who are experiencing the FSD symptom cluster will be randomly assigned to a true SA group, a sham SA group or a usual care group. All participants will receive an education booklet regarding FSD symptom cluster management advice as the usual care package. The participants in the true SA group will additionally receive a 7-week self-administered SA intervention. The participants in the sham SA group will additionally receive self-administered light acupressure at non-acupoints with the same frequency, session and duration as the true SA group. The primary outcomes will be feasibility outcomes related to subject recruitment and completion of study questionnaires and interventions. The secondary outcomes will be the effects of SA on fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression and quality of life. Descriptive statistics will be used to present all the outcomes. The secondary outcomes will be analysed using an intent-to-treat approach.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approvals of this trial have been granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee at Charles Darwin University (H19017) and the Clinical Trial Ethics Committee at The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University (KY2019039). Findings from this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at professional conferences.

Trial registration number

This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov and the registration number is NCT04118140, with the stage at Recruiting.
BET 1: Ruling out cerebellar infarct in the emergency department with CT scan
Authors: Vincent Maggie , Stride Devon
Published: January 2022

A short-cut review of the available medical literature was carried out to establish whether CT scanning can rule out cerebellar infarction. After abstract review, two papers were found to answer this clinical question using the detailed search strategy. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these papers are tabulated. It is concluded that there is insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion.
q-index transforms generated by the q-Mellin operator
Authors: Chefai Soumaya
Published: January 2022

Based on the [Formula: see text]-Mellin operator properties, we verify rigorously new class of [Formula: see text]-index transforms. Moreover, we establish a convolution operator and inversion formulas. As applications, we give new transformations with the hypergeometric functions kernel.
Investigation and Analysis of Science Popularization on First Aid Among College Students in China
Authors: Jiang Ping , Xu Qing-Bao , Zhou Qiong , Fan Lin-Da , Duan Zong-Shuan , Wang Xiao-Ya , Zhang Chen , Wang Tao
Published: January 2022

Objective: To explore and investigate the awareness rate and the participation rate of first aid in science popularization among undergraduates in a University in China, and analyze the effect of factors such as year, gender, profession on the awareness rate and participation rate.Method: 447 undergraduates in the Shanghai Jiao Tong University were investigated with the systematic sampling principle via a questionnaire application. The survey included the demographic information of the undergraduates, the awareness rate, and the participation rate of first aid knowledge and skills in popularization science activities. Results: There are significant differences in the awareness rate of four first aid skills among different student classes. As to three first aid skills among four, the awareness rates in senior undergraduates was significantly higher than that in junior ones, including acute poisoning ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), airway infarction ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), and sudden death ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). But as to calling 120 correctly ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), the awareness rate in First Grade is the highest, and then gradually decreases. The awareness rate in Third Grade is the lowest, but it rises again in Fourth and Fifth Grade. The participation rate and willingness to participate in first aid science popularization activities were significantly different depending on the class. The participation rate in first aid science popularization activities ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), the willingness to spend extra time learning/disseminating in future first aid science popularization activities ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), and the willingness to volunteer in future activities ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) were all significantly higher for seniors than those in juniors.Conclusion: Special consideration in designing science popularization activities should be given regarding the differences in the awareness and participation rate of first aid knowledge and skills among undergraduates of different grade levels.
Exact Response Time Analysis of Preemptive Priority Scheduling with Switching Overhead
Authors: Peng Edwin
Published: January 2022

The study of preemptive scheduling is essential to computer systems [15, 12, 3, 4]. Motivated by this, decades of queueing theory research have been done on the subject [19, 18, 16, 13, 21, 8, 17, 2, 11, 20, 10, 1]. However, almost all queuing theoretic literature on preemptive scheduling concerns systems without switching overhead - pausing or resuming a job is assumed to be instant. Practically speaking, switching in computer systems incurs some overhead [14], which causes a divide between models in research and the real world.
Ambipolarity Suppression of a Double Gate Tunnel FET using High-k Drain Dielectric Pocket
Authors: Panda Shwetapadma , Jena Biswajit , Dash Sidhartha
Published: January 2022

The paper investigates the impact of placing a high-k dielectric pocket (DP) region in the drain of a double gate silicon TFET. The sheer existence of the high-k DP reduces the ambipolarity significantly due to the higher effective tunneling width at the channel/drain interface. The electrical performance investigation has been carried out by positioning the DP asymmetrically (Top or Bottom) and symmetrically on both sides of the drain. The Asymmetric DPTop configuration with an optimized thickness of 8 nm and length of 25 nm offers the lowest ambipolar current (Iamb) of 4.30 × 10−16 A μm−1 at gate voltage = −1.5 V, which is ∼7-decades lower compared to the conventional DGTFET. This reduced Iamb further provides the highest Ion/Iamb current ratio of 4.63 × 1011 without degrading the average subthreshold swing (SS) of 26 mV decade−1. The small-signal parameter study and RF performance analysis of the device structure have also been carried out. The proposed TFET configuration can be one of the potential devices to be used in ultra-low-power integrated circuits and SRAM digital circuits owing to its suppressed ambipolarity and ease in the fabrication process.
Accounting Data Quality Evaluation Method Based on Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Sun Mengying
Published: January 2022

With the continuous improvement of the capital market and related laws and regulations, accounting as a reflection of the corporate capital movement will have a significant impact on the quality of the entire accounting information. Moreover, for investors, whether accounting information can meet their needs is an important basis for assessing the feasibility of investment projects. Therefore, the importance of accounting information is becoming more and more important, and it has gradually become the focus of attention of all parties. In order to improve the effect of accounting quantity and quality evaluation, this article improves the particle swarm optimization algorithm. It improves the particle swarm optimization algorithm from the three aspects—extreme value selection, particle diversity, and inertia weight, and establishes an optimization algorithm suitable for solving the accounting data audit optimization problem. The experimental research results show that the accounting data quality evaluation system based on the improved particle swarm algorithm proposed in this article has a good accounting data quality evaluation effect and meets the basic requirements of this article to build the system.
Optimization of the Shell Thickness of the ZnO/CdS Core-Shell Nanowire Arrays in a CZTS Absorber
Authors: Wang Chonge , Drame Boubacar , Niare Lucien , Yuegang Fu
Published: January 2022

Copper-zinc-tin-sulfide (CZTS) solar cells have now become a topic of interest in the solar power generation industry. These are used as an absorber in the zinc oxide (ZnO)/cadmium sulfide (CdS) core-shell nanowire arrays, in order to improve the performance of solar cells. The relationship between the average increase in absorption rates and CdS shell thickness (compared to the thin film) reveals that the optimum thickness with the maximum average absorption rate (39.95%) compared to thin film is 30 nm. The cells’ electrical and optical performance was significantly improved with the introduction of graphene between the ZnO and CdS layers. The shell thicknesses for a better performance of these nanowire solar cells were 30 and 40 nm, with almost the same open-circuit voltage, the similar short-circuit current density, and efficiency, which were 630 mV, 6.39 mA/cm2, and 16.8%, respectively. Furthermore, a minimum reflection of 40% was obtained with these same shell thicknesses.
Enterprise Financial Influencing Factors and Early Warning Based on Decision Tree Model
Authors: Liao Shiyun , Liu Zhangsheng
Published: January 2022

The development of a financial analysis system is essential for modern businesses to improve their management systems. In light of the global financial crisis, it is even more critical for businesses to develop a rigorous financial analysis system to avoid risks. DM does not necessitate the development of a complex mathematical theory; as long as data are filtered, hidden features between data can be found. The decision tree algorithm is one of several DM methods. With the rapid advancement of DM technology, theories and applications related to it are maturing at a rapid pace. This study will develop a decision tree-based enterprise financial risk analysis and early warning model, analyze enterprise financial influencing factors, apply the decision tree method to enterprise financial risk analysis and early warning, and provide a reference for enterprise financial risk early warning and risk control decision-making.
Identification of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Bo
Published: January 2022

In order to solve the problems of many kinds of crop diseases and pests, fast diffusion speed, and long time of manual identification of diseases and pests, a crop disease and pest identification model based on deep learning from the perspective of ecological and environmental protection is proposed. Firstly, crop images are collected by field sampling to collect data set, and image preprocessing is completed by using nearest neighbor interpolation. Then, the network structure of the AlexNet model is improved. By optimizing the full connection layer, different neuron nodes and experimental parameters are set. Finally, the improved AlexNet model is used to identify crop diseases and pests. The experimental analysis of the proposed model based on the constructed data set shows that the average recognition accuracy and recognition time of fragrant pear diseases and insect pests are 96.26% and 321 ms, respectively, which are better than other comparison models. And, the recognition accuracy of this method on other data sets is not less than 91%, which has good portability.
Efektifitas Neuromuscular Taping (NMT) sebagai Terapi Non-Farmakologi pada Penderita Carpal Tunnel Syndrome di RS Saiful Anwar, Malang: Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Authors: Setianto Catur , Rahmy Septy , Sudjatmoko Azhar
Published: January 2022

Pendahuluan: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) adalah lesi saraf tepi yang sering ditemui karena mekanisme non-trauma. Metode terapi CTS bermacam-macam yang tujuannya untuk mengurangi keluhan dan meningkatkan produktivitas pasien. Salah satu metode non-farmakologi yang bisa digunakan adalah dengan Neuromuscular Tapping (NMT). Tujuan dari laporan kasus ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan NMT sebagai terapi non-farmakologi pada pasien CTS yang sebelumnya telah mendapatkan terapi farmakologis, diukur dengan skala NRS (Numeric Pain Rating Scale) pada pasien.

Ilustrasi Kasus: Wanita, 52 tahun, datang dengan keluhan kesemutan pada pergelangan tangan kanan dan kiri sejak 4 bulan dengan riwayat bekerja di pabrik rokok selama 10 tahun. Dari pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan nyeri pada pergelangan tangan kanan dan kiri dengan NRS 6-7, hipestesi pada jari 1, 2, 3, dan ½ jari 4 volar manus bilateral, pasien sudah mengkonsumsi obat anti nyeri dan nyeri membaik ketika mengkonsumsi obat namun akan kambuh kembali ketika tidak meminum obat. Pasien didiagnosa dengan Carpal Tunnel Syndrome bilateral (Rosenbaum level 2/ gejala persisten), pasien mendapat terapi farmakologis dengan pemberian NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug) dan dilakukan injeksi kortikosteroid namun belum menunjukkan perbaikan nyeri yang kemudian pasien dilakukan NMT sebagai terapi non-farmakologi.

Pembahasan: Hasil tindak lanjut pasien setelah menjalani terapi NMT, didapatkan perbaikan dari keluhan pasien yang terlihat dari perbaikan skor NRS pasien.
Privacidade e proteção de dados pessoais: perspectiva histórica
Authors: Ferreira Daniela Assis Alves , Pinheiro Marta Macedo Kerr , Marques Rodrigo Moreno
Published: January 2022

O tema privacidade e proteção de dados pessoais têm ganhado relevância diante da expansão do uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação e das redes sociais. Neste artigo, são discutidos alguns conceitos de privacidade e como o direito à privacidade e o direito à proteção de dados pessoais tem sido tratado, tanto na União Europeia, quanto no Brasil. Com esse intuito, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre o tema. São discutidas as leis que tratam da proteção de dados pessoais no Brasil e na União Europeia e, mais especificamente, o Marco Civil da Internet no Brasil (Lei no 12.965/2014), o Regulamento 2016/679 da União Europeia e a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados brasileira (Leis nº 13.709/2018 e nº 13.853/2019). A análise revela que o direito à privacidade é um direito fundamental e que tem evoluído diante das mudanças socioeconômicas e tecnológicas. Adicionalmente, observa-se que as mudanças aprovadas na Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais brasileira corrigiram os vetos que descaracterizaram o projeto de lei aprovado no Senado, o que poderia levar com que a mesma fosse considerada incompatível com o modelo europeu.
Abordagens conceituais e relacionais entre extensão universitária e mediação da informação
Authors: Frutuoso Antonio Marcos Ribeiro , Silva Jonathas Luiz Carvalho
Published: January 2022

Apresenta a Extensão Universitária como uma dimensão profícua de estudos e práticas acadêmicas, sendo a mediação da informação um campo da Ciência da Informação e Biblioteconomia constituída de uma multiplicidade de intervenções que visam propiciar a interferência em comunidades e demandas contextuais da sociedade, sejam sociais, culturais, educacionais, tecnológicas etc. Define como problemática a seguinte questão: Quais as possíveis relações entre Extensão Universitária e mediação da informação? Objetiva abordar as potenciais relações entre Extensão Universitária e mediação da informação considerando os fundamentos teórico-práticos que norteiam ambos os objetos de estudo. Utiliza como aspectos metodológicos a finalidade exploratória, estabelecendo diálogo com o método bibliográfico, utilizando principalmente de artigos mapeados em canais de informação supraformais, tais como os periódicos eletrônicos e os anais de eventos em meio digital, o que caracteriza o estudo qualitativo. Discute os aspectos conceituais de Extensão Universitária e mediação da informação de maneira individualizada visando perceber os atributos norteadores que determinam as possíveis relações entre essas dimensões. Os resultados demonstram que há várias possibilidades de relação entre a Extensão Universitária e mediação da informação, tanto no sentido de como a extensão se apropria dos elementos da mediação e como a mediação pode ser aplicada para otimizar as práticas extensionistas. Conclui que as relações entre Extensão Universitária e mediação da informação tem como base os aspectos teóricos e práticos que atuam de forma pedagógica e institucional visando a construção de estratégias, intervenções e interferências trabalhadas no cotidiano acadêmico de uma forma contextual e direcionadas a sociedade no geral.
Entre a Foice e o Martelo
Authors: Santos Zidelmar Alves
Published: January 2022

Analisamos a representação da Guerra Fria na história em quadrinhos (HQ) “Superman: entre a foice e o martelo”. Consideramos que essa obra pode ser utilizada como uma ferramenta de apoio às aulas de Geografia, pois sua narrativa reinventa a origem do personagem Superman, colocando-o como um cidadão soviético que ascende ao posto de presidente da URSS durante a Guerra Fria. O personagem, assim, consegue espalhar o socialismo por quase todo o mundo, tendo êxito nas esferas política, econômica e social, enquanto o lado capitalista, representado pelos EUA, tenta impedi-lo. Também discutimos a utilização de HQs no ensino. Concluímos que essa HQ contribui para o ensino da Geografia, pois permite ao professor uma ferramenta alternativa e um olhar analítico aos meios mais tradicionais de ensino.
Detecting Cardiovascular Protein-Protein Interactions by Proximity Proteomics
Authors: Kushner Jared S. , Liu Guoxia , Eisert Robyn J. , Bradshaw Gary A. , Pitt Geoffrey S. , Hinson J. Travis , Kalocsay Marian , Marx Steven O.
Published: January 2022

Rapidly changing and transient protein-protein interactions regulate dynamic cellular processes in the cardiovascular system. Traditional methods, including affinity purification and mass spectrometry, have revealed many macromolecular complexes in cardiomyocytes and the vasculature. Yet these methods often fail to identify in vivo or transient protein-protein interactions. To capture these interactions in living cells and animals with subsequent mass spectrometry identification, enzyme-catalyzed proximity labeling techniques have been developed in the past decade. Although the application of this methodology to cardiovascular research is still in its infancy, the field is developing rapidly, and the promise is substantial. In this review, we outline important concepts and discuss how proximity proteomics has been applied to study physiological and pathophysiological processes relevant to the cardiovascular system.
Certainty-based Preference Completion
Authors: Li Lei , Xue Minghe , Zhang Zan , Chen Huanhuan , Wu Xindong
Published: January 2022

As from time to time it is impractical to ask agents to provide linear orders over all alternatives, for these partial rankings it is necessary to conduct preference completion. Specifically, the personalized preference of each agent over all the alternatives can be estimated with partial rankings from neighboring agents over subsets of alternatives. However, since the agents' rankings are nondeterministic, where they may provide rankings with noise, it is necessary and important to conduct the certainty-based preference completion. Hence, in this paper firstly, for alternative pairs with the obtained ranking set, a bijection has been built from the ranking space to the preference space, and the certainty and conflict of alternative pairs have been evaluated with a well-built statistical measurement Probability-Certainty Density Function on subjective probability, respectively. Then, a certainty-based voting algorithm based on certainty and conflict has been taken to conduct the certainty-based preference completion. Moreover, the properties of the proposed certainty and conflict have been studied empirically, and the proposed approach on certainty-based preference completion for partial rankings has been experimentally validated compared to state-of-arts approaches with several datasets.
4. Democratising Participatory Research
Authors: Martinez-Vargas Carmen
Published: January 2022

The fourth chapter asks if, as the literature claims, the colonial challenge is central for participatory practices, how can we resolve the limitations and controversies highlighted in the previous chapter? Martinez-Vargas introduces the Capabilities Approach, linking its foundational elements with decolonial debates. This section illustrates the current commonalities between both positions and the potential of the Capabilities Approach to fill some of the gaps in the field of participatory practices. To this end, the chapter uses an open-ended version of the Capabilities Approach defended by Amartya Sen (1999; 2011) to understand the multiple ways of living beyond the Western lifestyle. This provides a theoretical foundation capable of accommodating different lifestyles around the world that do not necessarily fit into the hegemonic capitalist/neoliberal/patriarchal and heteronormative perspective.

This chapter explores the tensions and limitations of research in the academic context, and the challenges of applying participatory research in higher education institutions. The text explores the practical differences between conventional research processes and fully participatory research processes. The chapter concludes by introducing Democratic Capabilities Research (DCR) through five open-ended principles that can accommodate the variety of practices needed to democratise participatory research from a decolonial capabilities perspective.

After this chapter, the reader will have a clear understanding of where decolonial participatory research stands. Moreover, the practitioner will uphold DCR—understanding its five constitutive elements—in order to be able to put them into practice.
Identifying Ability and Nonability Groups: Incorporating Response Times Using Mixture Modeling
Authors: Sideridis Georgios , Tsaousis Ioannis , Al-Harbi Khaleel
Published: January 2022

The goal of the present study was to address the analytical complexity of incorporating responses and response times through applying the Jeon and De Boeck mixture item response theory model in Mplus 8.7. Using both simulated and real data, we attempt to identify subgroups of responders that are rapid guessers or engage knowledge retrieval strategies. When applying the mixture model to a measure of contextual error in linguistics results pointed to the presence of a knowledge retrieval strategy. That is, a participant either knows the content (morphology, grammar rules) and can identify the error, or lacks the requisite knowledge and cannot benefit from spending more time on an item. In contrast, as item difficulty progressed, the high-ability group utilized the additional time to make informed guesses. The methodology is illustrated using annotated code in Mplus 8.7.
An Economic Evaluation of Emerging and Ineffective Interventions: Examining the Role of Cost When Translating Research into Practice
Authors: Scheibel Gretchen , Zane Thomas L. , Zimmerman Kathleen N.
Published: January 2022

Schools bear the burden of funding the majority of the services received by children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the assumption that spent resources will result in meaningful positive outcomes for these students. Interventions lacking empirical support remain popular in schools despite lacking or limited evidence that students will experience positive outcomes. Economic evaluation methods provide a useful method of understanding the time and financial influences of these interventions. This study introduces a novel use of economic evaluation methods to examine the time and financial costs associated with two popular interventions lacking strong empirical evidence of effectiveness. The results of this study suggest that implementing either emerging interventions or those determined to be ineffective or harmful can pose a significant cost to schools with varying likelihood of benefit to children with ASD. Financial risk increases when implementing ineffective or harmful interventions in the form of opportunity cost. Implications and further application of these methods to research synthesis methods to better support educators selecting interventions is discussed.
Spectrum of intimate partner violence in patients with psychiatric illness–From victimization to perpetration
Authors: Gupta Geetanjali , Sachdeva Ankur , Kumar Manoj , Singh Mitasha
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Persons with psychiatric illness are vulnerable to be the victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) and at risk of perpetrating IPV.

Objectives

To estimate the prevalence and association of IPV in patients with psychiatric disorders, both as victims and as perpetrators.

Methodology

We conducted a questionnaire based, cross-sectional study using systematic random sampling at psychiatric Outpatient Department (OPD) in a tertiary care hospital, in Haryana, India. A total of 500 participants diagnosed with psychiatric disorder were assessed using Operational WHO Criteria for IPV Victimization assessment and IPV Perpetration Assessment scale by Rhodes et al.

Results

The prevalence of IPV victimization was 16% during the last year and 26% during lifetime. IPV victimization was found significantly more in females (especially sexual), young and unemployed participants, during the initial 10 years of marriage and 10 years of the illness. Sexual IPV was the most common. The prevalence of IPV perpetration by the participants was 6% during last year and 10.6% in lifetime. Perpetrators were more likely to be males of higher age (40–50 years), unemployed, having lower income, belonging to joint family, and residing in rural areas. Diagnosis of a psychiatric illness, especially psychosis increased chances of perpetration. As the duration of illness increased, prevalence of IPV perpetration increased.

Conclusion

Intimate partner violence among persons with psychiatric disorders is common and they are more vulnerable to being victims of IPV, rather than perpetrating IPV. Vulnerability and risk factors for IPV should be taken into account and optimized strategies should be devised for prevention.
The Real Effects of Internal Audit Function Quality: Evidence From Investment Strategies
Authors: Abbott Lawrence J. , Barr-Pulliam Dereck , Buslepp William L. , Parker Susan
Published: January 2022

This article examines the relation between internal audit function (IAF) quality and investment efficiency, a recurring value-added corporate activity critical to firm survival and profitability. We argue that an IAF, unlike other information intermediaries, is uniquely positioned to have access to firm-specific, private information—particularly related to localized, firm-specific risks. If a more competent IAF incrementally improves the information that is generated and communicated to management (while not participating directly in decision-making), we should observe more productive capital investment decisions from firms with higher quality IAFs relative to firms with lower quality IAFs. Through this enhanced information channel, we find that IAF quality is associated with investment efficiency. This result holds for both under- and overinvestment, although not in tests of all subsamples. We also document that this effect is more pronounced for firms with more complexity and for firms with greater investment opportunities. Our evidence indicates that IAF quality provides measurable and economically meaningful value to an organization.
‘It was like an airbag, it cushioned the blow’: A multi-site qualitative study of bereaved parents’ experiences of using cooling facilities
Authors: Hackett Julia , Heavey Emily , Beresford Bryony
Published: January 2022

Background:

Evidence on the benefits to parents of spending time with their child in the hours after their death means this is now routine practice. UK children’s hospices offer parents the opportunity to extend this period by using cooling facilities (i.e. cooled ‘bedrooms’; cooling blankets/mattresses) to slow deterioration.

Aim:

To explore parents’ experiences of using cooling facilities and beliefs about how it shaped experiences of the very early days of bereavement, and on-going grieving processes.

Methods:

Multi-site study involving in-depth interviews with parents bereaved in the previous 3 years. Grief theories informed data analysis, which employed narrative and thematic approaches. Eight hospices supported recruitment.

Results:

Twenty-two mothers and eight fathers were recruited, representing 25% of families approached. Duration of use of a cooling facility varied, as did the amount of time spent with the child. All parents treasured this period, valuing the way it eased separation from their child and gave some control over when this happened. They believed all bereaved parents should have the opportunity to use a cooling facility. Using a cooling facility supported parents’ engagement with grief tasks including acceptance of loss, processing emotional pain and facing changes to their lives brought about by their child’s death. Memories and mementoes created during this period served to support on-going connections with the child. Parents who used a cooling facility at a hospice reported benefits of the setting itself.

Conclusions:

As well as easing the very early days of loss, use of cooling facilities may influence longer-term bereavement outcomes.
Changes in the Synovial Fluid Cytokine Profile of the Knee Between an Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Surgical Reconstruction
Authors: Kingery Matthew T. , Anil Utkarsh , Berlinberg Elyse J. , Clair Andrew J. , Kenny Lena , Strauss Eric J.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Changes in the intra-articular inflammatory state during the immediate period after an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture are not well defined.

Purpose:

To evaluate changes in the concentration of select proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory synovial fluid cytokines during the interval between an ACL injury and surgical reconstruction.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

In patients with an acute ACL injury, a synovial fluid sample was obtained from the injured knee during the initial office visit within 2 weeks of the inciting traumatic event. An additional synovial fluid sample was collected at the time of ACL reconstruction just before the surgical incision. Synovial fluid samples from both the acute injury and the surgery time points were processed with a protease inhibitor, and the concentrations of 10 cytokines of interest were measured using a multiplex magnetic bead immunoassay. The primary outcome was the change in cytokine concentrations between time points.

Results:

A total of 20 patients with a mean age of 30.2 ± 8.3 years were included. The acute injury synovial fluid samples were collected at 6.6 ± 3.8 days after the injury. The surgical synovial fluid samples were collected at 31.6 ± 15.6 days after the acute injury samples. Based on a series of linear mixed-effects models to control for the effect of concomitant meniscal injuries and by-patient variability, there was a statistically significant increase in the concentrations of RANTES and bFGF and a statistically significant decrease in the concentrations of IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1β, TIMP-1, IL-1Ra, and VEGF between time points.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates the ongoing alterations in the intra-articular microenvironment during the initial inflammatory response in the acute postinjury period. We identified 6 synovial fluid cytokines that significantly decreased and 2 that significantly increased between the first clinical presentation shortly after the injury and the time of surgery 1 month later.

Clinical Relevance:

This study describes the molecular profile of the inflammatory changes between the time of an acute ACL injury and the time of surgical reconstruction 1 month later. A greater understanding of the acute inflammatory response within the knee may be helpful in identifying the optimal timing for a surgical intervention that balances the risk of chondral damage with the likelihood of successful, well-healed reconstruction.
Desire to Die Statements in the Era of Voluntary Assisted Dying: An Audit of Patients Known to a Victorian Consultation-Liaison Palliative Care Service
Authors: Adams Vassilika , Katz Naomi T. , Philip Jennifer A. M. , Gold Michelle
Published: January 2022

Objectives: In the new era of voluntary assisted dying (VAD) legislation in Australia, this study aimed to explore (1) underlying reasons for desire to die statements (DTDSs), (2) clinician responses to DTDSs and (3) whether DTDSs were a true request for VAD. Methods: Clinical audit using an existing prospectively collected quality assurance database, supplemented by electronic medical records. Patients known to a consultation-liaison palliative care service who expressed a DTDS between October 2019 and September 2020 were included. Results: Forty-one patients were included; 29 (71%) were male, 29 (71%) had a malignancy and 31 (76%) expressed a DTDS more than once. Uncontrolled psychological symptoms were present more often than physical (n = 30 vs 19 [73% vs 46%]), yet physical symptoms were addressed more frequently than psychological (80% vs 63% of the time). Based on available data, the VAD assessment process was commenced by 7 patients, and death by VAD occurred for 2 patients. Conclusions: In our study, DTDSs were complex, multi-layered requests that more commonly reflected psychological rather than physical suffering. Though VAD is now legally possible, a DTDS was not always synonymous with a request for VAD. Key to responding to these requests are high levels of clinician confidence and communication skills. Training in this area remains critical for the experience of both patients and clinicians.
Surgical Pathology Diagnostic Pitfalls of Hepatoblastoma
Authors: Morgan Auld Finn , Sergi Consolato M.
Published: January 2022

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignancy within the rare cohort of pediatric primary liver tumors. It may arise sporadically or in association with germline mutations in specific genetic syndromes. Histogenesis recapitulates fetal hepatic development, however, this tumor can exhibit a markedly heterogeneous appearance both macroscopically and under the microscope. Histologic subtypes are classified based on morphologic appearance, with additional discrimination based on emerging molecular and immunohistochemical features. Numerous diagnostic pitfalls exist from clinical presentation through to ancillary testing; at all stages, the surgical pathologist must be discerning and open to collaboration with colleagues of different specialties. Problematic areas include the adequacy of tissue sampling, correlation of histology with radiologic appearance and alpha feto-protein (AFP) serology, forming a diagnostic consensus within the pediatric pathology community and choosing a shrewd immunohistochemical panel. This review discusses the sequence of events leading up to histologic assessment, and the nuances of microscopic evaluation. Along the way, pitfalls are highlighted, providing a tool for the surgical pathologists to support their individual approach.
Assessing design and manufacturing quality of tractor gearboxes by their vibration characteristics
Authors: Migal Vasiliy , Arhun Shchasiana , Shuliak Mykhailo , Hnatov Andrii , Trunova Iryna , Shevchenko Igor
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the development of a vibration-based technique for assessing quality and detecting design and manufacturing defects of tractor gearboxes. It highlights full-scale experimental studies of vibro-diagnostic characteristics of tractor gearboxes including carrying out vibration measurement and spectrum analysis; identifying statistical limit values of structural vibration parameters and their dependence on the technical condition of tractors; and comparing the vibration characteristics with acceptable vibrations which do not affect the acceleration of the process of tractor gearbox wear. All studies were conducted for tractor gearboxes of wheeled tractors T-150K, KhTZ-170, and T-17221 produced by Kharkiv Tractor Plant and equipped with identical tractor gearboxes of the same manufacturer. It has been determined that the vibration levels of gearboxes at the manufacturing stage exceed the acceptable vibrations by 10–30 dB. The main reason for the accelerated development of faults and decrease in the lifetime of most gearbox mechanisms is an increase in vibration loading by 2.5–31.6 times over the acceptable levels. The practical significance of the results obtained is in solving the problem of improving the design and manufacturing of tractor gearboxes T-150k through the use of the developed criteria for permissible vibration by methods of reducing the vibration level of detected defects. All the above mentioned makes it possible to create a complex of normative and technical, and methodological documentation to improve the reliability of tractors.
Assessment of Imatinib as a Primary Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase: a Cohort Study
Authors: Merin Dana , Krishna Akshaya , Jayakumar Sreelekshmi , Mahima A , Anila K N , Sidharthan Neeraj
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Imatinib in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in our hospital population. In addition to identify which brand of imatinib (Gleevec/Veenat) is cost effective for CML patients and to assess the possible adverse drug reactions during the treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Methods

A non-interventional (observational), both retrospective and prospective study was carried out in the department of Medical Oncology and Haematology of our hospital. A total of 152 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for the study.

Results

Evaluation of baseline characteristics of study population (n = 152) showed predominance of males (65.1%). The mean age was 49.80 ± 16.561 years. The overall clinical outcome of the sample population, BCR ABL value responses during 3,6 and 12 months are the main indicators for the prediction of outcome in CML -CP patients. Using Independent sample t test, it was found that the difference in response to Imatinib therapy during 3,6 & 12 months were statistically significant and showed a statistically significant difference between the good and adverse outcome (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our study concluded that Imatinib showed a benefit in treating the condition without any life-threatening adverse events and also the drug exhibits a complete haematological and optimal response based on European Leukaemia Net criteria during the period of study. From which, it can be concluded that imatinib appears to be a safe and well-tolerated treatment for the chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia population.
Class, religion and socialist parties: The unpredicted effect of (a)religious voting
Authors: Ignazi Piero , Tuorto Dario
Published: January 2022

In recent years, academic literature has stressed the declining importance of social class and religion as determinants of vote. In particular, many scholars have found that the working-class vote is no longer mostly addressed to socialist parties, whereas religious people still massively support confessional and conservative parties. This article explores the actual resilience of the two cleavages with particular attention to the relationship between religion and socialist parties. Our analysis, based on European Social Survey (ESS) data covering 13 West European countries in the period 2002–2014, proves that ‘a-religiosity’ – negative attitudes towards religion – has overcome social class as the determinant of a socialist vote, thanks to the emergence of a divisive ethical–moral agenda. This process is more visible in those countries where the Church and religious associations play an active role in the political arena and the ethical–moral issues have been politicized, as in Catholic and multi-faith countries.
The differential dynamic model for the implicit safety culture dissemination in nuclear power plants
Authors: Yuan Da , Wang Hanqing , Zhu Hui , Xiao Wangping , Yu Chuck W.
Published: January 2022

This paper evaluates the implicit safety culture (ISC) and the dissemination among staff in a nuclear power plant. The Schein’s cultural hierarchy theory was adopted to compare implicit aspects of different organizational cultures, and to explore the application of both explicit and implicit cultures, to define the ISC of a nuclear plant and to summarize its characteristics. The dissemination system and the mechanism of the ISC was scrutinized based on dynamic and superimposing effects, which are regarded as a unity of opposites. A differential dynamic model of the ISC dissemination of the nuclear power plant was established by this study. Results of the model indicated that the ISC could be disseminated freely within the power plant when the dissemination was at an unstable equilibrium point. However, the ISC would not disseminate effectively and might disappear gradually in the power plant when the dissemination was at an asymptotic equilibrium point. The application of ISC is a crucial issue to improve the safety and benefit of the management of the nuclear power plant, including measures such as intensifying the collaboration and communication of departments, and setting a special department for the ISC dissemination and some incentive protocols in the nuclear power plant.
Audio Diaries: A Novel Method for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene-Related Maternal Stress Research
Authors: O’Reilly Kathleen , Ramanaik Satyanarayana , Story William T. , Gnanaselvam Nancy Angeline , Baker Kelly K. , Cunningham L. Troy , Mukherjee Aparna , Pujar Ashwini
Published: January 2022

Previous studies have identified both physical and psychosocial forms of stress among newly married women due to inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) access. However, methodologies used to identify stress have relied on surveys and interviews, which have limitations for eliciting situated information regarding stress. Prior public health studies indicate that, together with other qualitative methods, audio diaries provide rich data sets of participants’ everyday practices, and their interactions with their physical and social environment. In this research, our interdisciplinary team collaborated to explore the feasibility of making audio diary recordings from prompts in a rural, Indian context where many women are illiterate. Three pregnant women living in rural Karnataka (India) were trained on the prompts and audio recorders, and were asked to make audio entries over two weeks. Midterm and exit interviews were used to ascertain women’s thoughts and experiences making audio diary entries. Each woman successfully recorded, on average, 27 minutes per week, demonstrating the feasibility of audio diaries in rural India. While the recruitment and training process was labor intensive and required follow-up visits, trust-building between participants and researchers over time facilitated discussions about the contextual and experiential details of making recordings that will improve data collection through this method. We concluded that when used with other qualitative methods, audio diaries offer a unique opportunity to collect participants’ practices, feelings, reflections, and interactions with their physical and social environment in real time.