bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO-196: Upregulation of bacterial and fungal pathogen sensing genes in preinvasive colorectal lesions in African Americans compared to Caucasian Americans
Authors: Guglietta Silvia , Fanning Lauren R. , Cousart Alexandria G. , Armeson Kent E. , Sun Zequn , Lewin David N. , Brazeal J Grant , Chung Dongjun , Alekseyenko Alexander V. , Wallace Kristin
Published: January 2022

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality are higher for African Americans (AAs) than Caucasian Americans (CAs). Variation in tumor immune responses by race appears to be important for prognosis. However, few studies have compared immune gene expression in preinvasive lesions where prevention may be possible. Methods: The immune gene expression of 95 cases of colorectal adenomas (AA 47, CA 48) excised via sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy with polypectomy between October 2012 and May 2016 was assessed using the NanoString nCounter platform using the immunology v2 panel (n=579 genes). Data were analyzed using a NanoStringDiff R package, implementing negative binomial regression models of gene expression as the dependent variable and race group (AA vs. CA) as the primary predictor variable. Models were adjusted for age, sex, location within the colon, histology, and degree of dysplasia. Results: In AAs vs. CAs, 24 immune genes were up-regulated, while 11 genes were down-regulated (for each gene, p<0.01). Compared to CAs, genes overexpressed in AAs suggest more robust antibacterial and antifungal responses (e.g., IL17F, IL21, AIRE, IL1A, GATA3, MARCO, FCGR1A). Enhanced expression of terminal components of the complement pathway C8B and C9 further support an increased effector response in AAs. Additionally, genes related to wound healing (e.g., GP1BB, XCL1) were overexpressed in AAs. Genes associated with stimulation of cytotoxic responses (NCR1, HLADRB1), complement activation through lectin-related pathways (ITLN2, MBL2), and recruitment and function of innate immune cells (IL8 and IL6) had lower expression in AAs vs. CAs. Conclusion: Our results suggest that preinvasive neoplasms in AAs vs. CAs display a gene expression that is suggestive of heightened sensing of bacterial and fungal commensals, which may potentially inflame local tissues and support tumor progression. Understanding the molecular differences in early tumorigenesis between AAs vs. CAs may help inform prevention interventions to address racial disparities.

Citation Format: Silvia Guglietta, Lauren R. Fanning, Alexandria G. Cousart, Kent E. Armeson, Zequn Sun, David N. Lewin, J Grant Brazeal, Dongjun Chung, Alexander V. Alekseyenko, Kristin Wallace. Upregulation of bacterial and fungal pathogen sensing genes in preinvasive colorectal lesions in African Americans compared to Caucasian Americans [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-196.
Abstract PO-222: Reduced socioeconomic status disparity in colon cancer mortality in an insured population treated in an integrated healthcare system
Authors: Attaluri Vikram , Cooper Robert M. , Haque Reina , Patel Jay , Ryoo Joan J. , Wu David P. , Chung Joanie WL
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Lower socioeconomic status (SES), among other factors, presents a barrier to healthcare delivery and is associated with worse health outcomes. Integrated healthcare systems (IHS) in which barriers to care are minimized would be ideal settings to identify factors associated with mortality disparities. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of colon cancer cases diagnosed at one of the largest IHS in California, Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC), to other private insurance (OPI) to determine how SES influence differences in mortality. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all insured adults in Southern California diagnosed with colon cancer between 2009 and 2014 using data from the California Cancer Registry (CCR). The main outcome was all-cause (overall) mortality, and subjects were followed through December 31, 2017. Person-year mortality rates were calculated for the two groups, KPSC and OPI. Multivariate adjusted hazard ratios were calculated for the association between SES and overall mortality within each group. Results: A total of 16,646 patients were diagnosed with colon cancer in Southern California, 4552 patients (27.3 %) within KPSC and 12,094 patients (72.3%) in OPI. 5937 deaths occurred during the follow-up period; 1428 (24.1%) deaths within KPSC, 4509 (75.9%) deaths in non-KPSC. Mortality rates per 1000 year follow-up with 95% confidence interval revealed a lower overall rate of 103.8 (98.5 – 109.3) in KPSC compared to 139.3 (135.2 – 143.4.) in OPI. Compared to the highest SES group, lower SES was not significantly associated with mortality in the KPSC population, even after adjusting for race/ethnicity and other factors (lowest SES HR 1.13 95% CI 0.93-1.38). However, in OPI patients, lower SES was significantly associated with higher HR with the greatest disparity in the lower-middle (HR 1.27 95% CI 1.15-1.40) and lowest (HR 1.26 95% CI 1.13-1.40) SES groups. Conclusions: Comparing mortality rates in an integrated health system such as KPSC to OPI hospitals revealed that lower SES was associated with worse outcomes within the OPI group. However, within KPSC no association was found between SES and overall mortality in patients with colon cancers. Systems that optimize care coordination for all patients may reduce disparities for the most at risk patients.

Citation Format: Vikram Attaluri, Robert M. Cooper, Reina Haque, Jay Patel, Joan J. Ryoo, David P. Wu, Joanie WL Chung. Reduced socioeconomic status disparity in colon cancer mortality in an insured population treated in an integrated healthcare system [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-222.
Abstract PO-249: Prostate screening & patient knowledge on PSA testing among males: Analysis of the 2019 NHIS
Authors: Bumanlag Isabela M. , Nieves-Jimenez Humberto R. , Jaoude Joseph Abi , Ludmir Ethan B. , Taniguchi Cullen M.
Published: January 2022

Intro: Prostate cancer, one of the most common cancers for males, continues to have non-standardized screening with Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) due to the potential risks and uncertainties that PSA screening can pose. Methods: The purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge base of participants regarding the advantages and disadvantages of PSA screening. Using the 2019 National Health Interview Survey, we performed descriptive statistics on participant demographics and prostate screening questions. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was utilized to highlight variables that were associated with whether or not a doctor explained to a participant the advantages and disadvantages of PSA testing. Results: Overall, we gathered answers from 10,165 respondents aged 40 years or older, from a total of 31,997 participants in the 2019 NHIS survey. Nearly half of respondents (5004, 49.2%) reported that they had undergone a PSA test in the past and 38.6% of respondents reported that a doctor had discussed the advantages of a PSA test. On the other hand, only 25.8% reported that a doctor had discussed possible disadvantages of PSA testing. Our stratified analyses found that Asians were less likely to report that a doctor had discussed the advantages of a PSA test (OR = 0.59, P < 0.05). We also found that the higher the educational status of a participant, the more likely a participant would report that a doctor talked about the advantages of a PSA test (high school graduates, OR = 1.83, P<0.05; college degrees, OR = 2.48, P < 0.05). Those without any form of health insurance coverage were less likely to be told about the advantages of PSA testing (OR = 0.60, P< 0.05). Similar values in each of these covariates were also found to be statistically significant when participants were asked if a doctor had talked to them about the disadvantages of a PSA test. Conclusions: We found disparities of prostate cancer screening education based on social factors, which reinforce concerns of disparate access of information provided by physicians on the advantages and disadvantages of a PSA testing. Our findings support a call for the improvement of adequate patient-doctor discussions that fully address the risks and benefits of PSA testing.

Citation Format: Isabela M. Bumanlag, Humberto R. Nieves-Jimenez, Joseph Abi Jaoude, Ethan B. Ludmir, Cullen M. Taniguchi. Prostate screening & patient knowledge on PSA testing among males: Analysis of the 2019 NHIS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-249.
Abstract PO-251: Cervical screening in Latinas of 20-24 years old: findings from the Brazilian cervical cancer information system
Authors: Correa Tulio L. , Garcez Valquiria P. , Guelli Mariana S.T.C. , Cruz Carolina C. , Lara Julia P. , e Silva Matheus M.C. , Rodrigues Luana O. , Guglielmelli Isabel C. , Giordani Betina M
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The Brazilian National Cancer Institute attests that cervical cancer screening should be performed once a year in women aged 25 to 64 years, then every three years after two consecutive negative exams. However, the first sexual activity in Latinas usually occurs in late adolescence, between 15 to 19 years old. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate cervical cytopathological changes with suspected malignancy and/or high potential for progression to malignancy in Brazilian women of 20 to 24 years old. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive study which evaluated cervical smears with satisfactory sampling obtained in Brazil from 2006 to 2015 using data from the national database (SISCOLO – Brazilian Cervical Cancer Information System). Suspected malignancy or high potential for progression to malignancy was composed of: high-grade indeterminate squamous cell, high-grade indeterminate glandular cell, high-grade cell of indefinite origin, high-grade intraepithelial lesion, intraepithelial lesion with micro-invasion, invasive squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma in situ, invasive adenocarcinoma, and other neoplasms. Results: During this time period, 86 375 132 cervical screening tests with satisfactory sampling were performed in the country, with 862,875 (1%) having abnormal results suggestive of suspected malignancy or high potential for progression to malignancy. Of the tests with abnormal results, 704,886 (82%) were from the age group of 25 to 64 years and 69,035 (8%) were from the age group of 20 to 24 years. From 2006 to 2015, there was a decrease of 53% in the total number of cervical cancer screening tests performed in Brazil. Conclusion: In our study, a significant percentage of the abnormal test results were from Latinas of 20 to 24 years old. The precociousness of sexual initiation and the multiplicity of sexual partners can expose women to human papillomavirus at a very early age, which may explain the findings reported.

Citation Format: Tulio L. Correa, Valquiria P. Garcez, Mariana S.T.C. Guelli, Carolina C. Cruz, Julia P. Lara, Matheus M.C. e Silva, Luana O. Rodrigues, Isabel C. Guglielmelli, Betina M Giordani. Cervical screening in Latinas of 20-24 years old: findings from the Brazilian cervical cancer information system [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-251.
Abstract PR-17: The role of HMGA2 and CLK3 in prostate cancer health disparities
Authors: Campbell Taaliah , Hawsawi Ohuod , Odero-Marah Valerie
Published: January 2022

African American men (AA) suffer disproportionately from prostate cancer (PCa) displaying higher incidence and mortality rates when compared to Caucasian-American men (CA). Recent studies have shown that high mobility group A2 (HMGA2), a non-histone chromatin binding protein, plays a critical role in promoting metastasis. HMGA2 full-length/wild-type and truncated (lacking the 3'UTR) isoforms are overexpressed in several cancers, however, their distinct roles in PCa have not been reported. Literature has previously revealed a splicing factor, CDC-like kinase 3 (CLK3), that promotes splicing of wild-type HMGA2 to create the truncated HMGA2 isoform. We hypothesize that HMGA2 isoforms may play differential roles to promote PCa progression according to ethnicity. qPCR analysis of patient tissue of varying PCa stages was conducted to look at the mRNA expression of HMGA2 isoforms and CLK3. RNA-Seq was performed on LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines stably overexpressing wild-type or truncated HMGA2 and compared to Neo control. Both wild-type and truncated HMGA2 increased with increased PCa gleason grade. AA when compared to CA, displayed higher levels of truncated HMGA2 and its splicing factor, CLK3. RNA-Seq analysis revealed distinct gene sets regulated by truncated HMGA2 compared to wild-type HMGA2, including upregulation of a distinct set of genes involved in androgen signaling. These results indicate that HMGA2 isoforms are disproportionately expressed in AA and CA and increase with PCa progression. The regulation of differential genes by HMGA2 isoforms suggest that they may use distinct pathways to promote PCa.

Citation Format: Taaliah Campbell, Ohuod Hawsawi, Valerie Odero-Marah. The role of HMGA2 and CLK3 in prostate cancer health disparities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PR-17.
Splenic Infarction in a COVID-19 Patient without Respiratory Symptoms
Authors: Al Suwaidi Shaikha , Alakasheh Baidaa Jasem , Al-Ozaibi Labib S.
Published: January 2022

High rates of thromboembolic events have been seen in cases of COVID-19. Here, we report a case of 23-year-old previously healthy female presented with left-sided abdominal pain associated with vomiting. The computed tomography scan showed multiple ill-defined wedge-shaped low attenuating areas of the spleen, suggesting splenic infarction. In the absence of other thromboembolic contributing factors, we believe this was a thromboembolic event in splenic circulation in relation to COVID-19 infection. Our case adds to the evidence of an arterial thrombotic event in a noncritical COVID-19 patient, emphasizing the importance of addressing thromboembolism diagnosis and management measures to avoid potentially deadly consequences.
The Global Spread of Severe Obesity in Toddlers, Children, and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pinhas-Hamiel Orit , Hamiel Uri , Bendor Cole D. , Bardugo Aya , Twig Gilad , Cukierman-Yaffe Tali
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Severe obesity among children and adolescents has emerged as a public health concern in multiple places around the world. Methods: We searched the Medline database for articles on severe obesity rates in children published between January 1960 and January 2020. For studies with available prevalence rates for an early and a more recent time period, the relative increase in prevalence was imputed. Results: In total, 874 publications were identified, of which 38 contained relevant epidemiological data. Rates of severe obesity varied significantly according to age, gender, geographic area, and the definition of severe obesity. The highest rates of class II and III obesity in the USA according to the Centers of Disease Control cut-off were 9.5% and 4.5%, respectively. Seventeen studies reported prevalence rates in at least two time periods. Data for 9,190,718 individuals showed a 1.71 (95% CI, 1.53–1.90) greater odds for severe obesity in 2006–2017 (N = 5,029,584) versus 1967–2007 (N = 4,161,134). In an analysis limited to studies from 1980s with a minimum follow-up of 20 years, a 9.16 (95% CI, 7.76–10.80) greater odds for severe obesity in recent versus earlier time was found. An analysis limited to studies from 2000, with a follow-up of 5–15 years, a 1.09 (95% CI, 0.99–1.20) greater odds was noted when comparing (2011–2017; N = 4,991,831) versus (2000–2011; N = 4,134,340). Conclusion: Severe pediatric obesity is escalating with a marked increase from the 1980s and a slower rate from 2000.
Perception of Families With Family Attitudes About Mental Disorders in Family Members That Experience Mental Disorders in The Mental Hospital
Authors: Andriana Kiki Rizki Fista , Yunus Adi Wijaya
Published: January 2022

Mental disorders are considered as incurable diseases and are related to sin or crime, so that sometimes the treatment is brutal and inhumane. Wrong perceptions or myths related to mental disorders (schizophrenia) still exist in Indonesia; some cultural societies always link the cause of mental disorders caused by the occult. This perception causes them to come to health or mental health services if the mental disorder they experience is severe or even disturbs others. This study aims to determine the perception of families with family attitudes about mental disorders in family members that experience mental disorders in the mental hospital. Analytical research with cross sectional approach. Using 67 respondents with consecutive sampling probability sampling technique. Spearman rank's analysis results obtained p (0.00) <0.05 (0.000) with a correlation coefficient of 0.752, which shows the closeness of the relationship between the variable perception with attitude is strong. The conclusion of the study, there is a relationship between the perception of families with family attitudes about mental disorders in family members that experience mental disorders in the mental hospital.
Categorização das decisões de viagem por meio do conteúdo gerado pelo usuário: uma proposta para gestão de marketing de conteúdo
Authors: Souza Jackson de , Silva Gislainy Laíse da , Marques Júnior Sérgio
Published: January 2022

O marketing tem sido um campo muito presente no mercado e nos estudos sobre o turismo, e destaca-se a constante necessidade de aperfeiçoamento de suas práticas, tendo em vista as mudanças e a complexidade tanto do consumidor quanto da própria atividade turística. Neste artigo, é apresentada a técnica de marketing de conteúdo, inferindo sua importância para o turismo, especialmente na divulgação de destinos em âmbito virtual, atenuando a baixa qualidade dos portais oficiais e levando informação relevante e valiosa ao consumidor. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo exploratório e descritivo, com resultados quantitativos e qualitativos obtidos a partir do monitoramento on-line de uma comunidade virtual de viajantes. Por meio da análise de conteúdo, descreveu-se o ranking dos assuntos mais buscados, como “Dicas de Roteiro”, “Dicas Gerais”, “Hospedagem Alternativa”, “Custos” etc., e foram identificadas as decisões em categorias já estabelecidas e em novas categorias, como “Acessórios de viagem”, “Câmbio e transações financeiras” e “Comunicação”. A identificação das categorias e dos itens apresentados consiste em apenas uma das diversas etapas para o desenvolvimento do marketing de conteúdo de uma organização, em que proposições de frameworks de produção de conteúdo devem ser levadas em conta. Assim, esta pesquisa pode instigar novos estudos de monitoramento do marketing de conteúdo no turismo, além de auxiliar produtores de conteúdo do turismo a desenvolverem trabalhos eficazes com esta importante técnica.
Futurismo: entre a carnavalização e a reedificação
Authors: Vila Maior Dionísio
Published: January 2022

Procuraremos refletir sobre algumas das figurações literárias, estéticas e artísticas que configuraram o gesto vanguardista futurista (italiano e português): um forte sentido de carnavalização e de transcensão; a intensificação da desumanização do sujeito; a categorização pluridiscursiva do discurso e gesto futuristas; a configuração de uma atitude de revolta, que passa, em primeira instância, por uma reconfiguração da relação entre o indivíduo futurista e a coletividade e, em última instância, pela reconfiguração da identidade dessa coletividade. Nesse sentido, recorreremos a um corpus de trabalho delimitado essencialmente pelos manifestos literários do Futurismo Italiano e do Futurismo Português, neles acentuando a relação entre o indivíduo e a coletividade, entre o eu, ou o nós, futurista e o outro coletivo — procurando, então, justificar até que ponto essa relação conjuga a atitude de confronto aberto, o desacordo com a coletividade, com a modificação da consciência coletiva e a construção de um novo estádio histórico e de uma nova identidade.
Obstáculo
Authors: Gerônimo Valeria Vicente
Published: January 2022

O poema trata-se de um eu-lírico fadigado com os empecilhos da vida em que a esperança indicada pela cor verde. Outras cores são tratadas no poema em que o uso de símbolos é uma característica bastante evidente.
A relação entre as políticas de proteção ambiental e as comunidades tradicionais: análise de duas Unidades de Conservação no Vale Do Ribeira (SP)
Authors: Rotondaro Tatiana Gomes , Bonilha Anderson de Moura
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a relação entre as políticas de proteção ambiental e as comunidades tradicionais a partir da implantação de áreas protegidas. Para tal, serão discutidos dois estudos de caso no Vale do Ribeira, sudeste do estado de São Paulo: O Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR) e a Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) Quilombos de Barra do Turvo, sendo a primeira uma Unidade de Proteção Integral, que não permite o uso direto dos recursos naturais; e a segunda, uma Unidade de Uso Sustentável cujo objetivo é compatibilizar a conservação da natureza com o uso do território e dos recursos naturais pelas comunidades tradicionais. Além da revisão bibliográfica e da legislação pertinente ao estudo, dados complementares sobre os estudos de caso foram coletados a partir da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de observação participante. Apesar das diferenças entre as formas de gestão destas duas categorias, ambas funcionam como instrumento de colonização dos territórios tradicionais, na qual o Estado, por meio de seus instrumentos, relaciona-se com as comunidades tradicionais reproduzindo características típicas das relações entre modernidade e colonialidade.
Necessidade de acolher bem as mulheres estrangeiras - [Autora: Flora Tristan]
Authors: Vogt Lilian Villanova Casella , Campos Luna Ribeiro
Published: January 2022

Tradução inédita da primeira publicação da escritora franco-peruana Flora Tristan (1803-1844). Publicado em 1835, “Necessidade de acolher bem as mulheres estrangeiras” marca o início de sua vida literária e ativista, abordando interesses que serão desenvolvidos com mais rigor em sua obra futura. A questão central do texto é analisar a situação das mulheres estrangeiras que viajam sozinhas, especialmente nas grandes cidades, tomando Paris como exemplo. Partindo de sua própria experiência como mulher sozinha e estrangeira, a autora faz uma análise pioneira dos deslocamentos humanos a partir de um olhar atento para como categorias como gênero, classe e nacionalidade se articulam na criação de possibilidades e limites à mobilidade e à autonomia feminina. Além disso, a autora propõe a criação de uma sociedade filantrópica para o acolhimento de mulheres estrangeiras, para a qual cria um estatuto, apresentado na parte final do texto.
Sobre a greve geral (1974) - [Autora: Mariarosa Dalla Costa]
Authors: Torre Bruna Della
Published: January 2022

Publicado originalmente em: Edmond, Wendy e Suzie Fleming. (Org.) All Work and No Pay: Women,Housework and the Wages Due. Bristol: Falling Wall Press, 1975. Dalla Costa proferiu esse discurso em 1974 em comemoração ao Dia Internacional da Mulher em Mestre, na Itália.
Variation of amphibian and reptile composition in forest fragments of Veracruz highlands, Mexico
Authors: Contreras-Calvario Angel Ivan , Mora Reyes Abigail , Avalos Vela Rene , Castillo Juárez Jorge L. , Basanta M. Delia
Published: January 2022

The central mountain region of Veracruz is one of the richest areas of herpetofauna in Mexico. The steep topographic gradient of this region is associated with climatic gradients that enable the occurrence of highly diverse herpetofauna communities. We tested differences among habitats to herpetofauna in an urban area, pine forest, oak forest, and riparian forest of municipality Camerino Z. Mendoza, Veracruz, Mexico. We conducted two-day monthly surveys between 2015 and 2017 in 69 sites from fragments of an urban area, riparian forest, Quercus forest, and Quercus-Pinus forest and tested for differences in herpetofauna species among these fragments. We found a total of 11 amphibian and 33 reptile species, and a high composition dissimilarity and species replacement among the sites. Our results amplified significantly the species-records within Camerino Z. Mendoza, and showed a great variation of amphibian and reptile composition among sites, highlighting the current role of these forests as a reservoir for herpetofauna and their importance for future conservation strategies in the region.
Dostoïevski face à l’altérité, entre lecture bakhtinienne et interprétation lévinassienne. Notes sur Dostoïevski. La Question de l’autre, de Jacques Rolland
Authors: Colin Yoann
Published: January 2022

Il s’agit d’examiner le livre de Jacques Rolland Dostoïevski. La Question de l’autre, parce qu’il propose un éclairage original et fécond sur ce qu’il y a de philosophique dans les grands romans dostoïevskiens, sans sombrer sur l’écueil qui consiste à réduire ces romans à des concepts. Il en ressort une analyse précise de l’altérité, questionnement central dans ces romans, où se mêlent les influences de Levinas, Bakhtine, Catteau et du christianisme.
"O Eclipse da Razão": a loucura em "Crime e Castigo"
Authors: Martins Neto Antonio Maurício , Augusto Carolina de Fátima Linhares
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, propomos que o romance Crime e castigo, de Dostoiévski, sugere um olhar metafísico sobre a loucura, contrapondo-o a uma percepção imediatamente adversa àquele orgânico e patológico empreendido pela psiquiatria alienista que surge no século XIX. Buscamos demonstrar que Dostoiévski, afastando-se do entendimento psiquiátrico da época – que aliava controle de corpos com formas de exclusão social, legitimando a loucura como “doença” – entendia a “desrazão”, atrelada ao amor e ao sofrimento, como parte de uma penitência necessária para a superação do estado de sofrimento psíquico. Desta forma, esse artigo discute uma escrita da loucura como crítica de uma perspectiva desse fenômeno como “doença mental”.
O “herói” demasiado humano de Memórias do Subsolo de Fiódor Dostoiévski
Authors: Brandão José Eduardo Fonseca , Vaucher Tanara Dourado Arejano
Published: January 2022

O presente ensaio explora, através dos relatos do narrador de Memórias do subsolo (1864), de Fiódor Dostoiévski, suas características e atitudes demasiadamente humanas, seja em sua racionalidade seja, principalmente, em sua irracionalidade.
Na pandemia: da sala de concerto ao clube de jazz
Authors: Alvim Luíza Beatriz , Carvalho Frederico Lyra de
Published: January 2022

Consideramos as modificações impostas abruptamente às apresentações musicais presenciais por causa da pandemia de Covid-19, tendo como foco as salas de concerto de música erudita e o clube de jazz, dois nichos em que a presença em recintos fechados é vista como essencial (embora o streaming, no caso da música erudita, já fosse uma realidade antes da pandemia), por causa, por exemplo, de questões de acústica ou pelo aspecto da importância da improvisação no jazz. Fazemos um pequeno apanhado histórico do desenvolvimento do modo do “ouvir atento” na música erudita, da construção de salas de concerto modernas com fins de uma melhor acústica e do surgimento dos clubes de jazz e mudanças também no modo de ouvir de seu público. Ressaltamos também algumas tentativas de reabertura de estabelecimentos durante a pandemia de Covid 19, como a Philharmonie de Paris e a Sala São Paulo, no final de 2020.
O Quarto Elemento...
Authors: Zani Amilcar , Zani Heloisa
Published: January 2022

Apresentar um panorama da vida de Edward Steuermann é ação imprescindível para se conhecer, entender, recuperar e reconhecer a dimensão da importância e do sentido que sua atuação como pianista, professor e compositor conferiu à Segunda Escola de Viena e à história da musica do Século XX e seus desdobramentos. Este texto expõe, de maneira concisa, a trajetória de Steuermann como pianista, seu encontro com Schoenberg, seu envolvimento com a “musica moderna” como performer e compositor, e o crescimento e a afirmação de suas atividades como professor. Apesar de ainda pouco conhecido do publico e do meio acadêmico, sua história se caracteriza pela competência, lucidez e determinação. Sua postura sempre foi discreta e não sensacionalista, e talvez por esta razão tenha permanecido injustamente negligenciado.
Meus “encontros” com Arnold Schoenberg: ideia ou representação?
Authors: Seincman Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Relato e reflexão de meus “encontros” com Schoenberg: suas obras didáticas, composições e concepções estéticas.
Dossiê: O legado musical de Arnold Schoenberg e seus reflexos na América Latina: 1951-2021
Authors: Zani Amilcar , Zani Heloisa , Silva Eliana Monteiro da
Published: January 2022

Apresentação do dossiê "O legado musical de Arnold Schoenberg e seus reflexos na América Latina: 1951-2021"
Association of Alcohol Use Diagnostic Codes in Pregnancy and Offspring Conotruncal and Endocardial Cushion Heart Defects
Authors: Harvey Drayton C. , Baer Rebecca J. , Bandoli Gretchen , Chambers Christina D. , Jelliffe‐Pawlowski Laura L. , Kumar S. Ram
Published: January 2022

Background

The pathogenesis of congenital heart disease (CHD) remains largely unknown, with only a small percentage explained solely by genetic causes. Modifiable environmental risk factors, such as alcohol, are suggested to play an important role in CHD pathogenesis. We sought to evaluate the association between prenatal alcohol exposure and CHD to gain insight into which components of cardiac development may be most vulnerable to the teratogenic effects of alcohol.

Methods and Results

This was a retrospective analysis of hospital discharge records from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development and linked birth certificate records restricted to singleton, live‐born infants from 2005 to 2017. Of the 5 820 961 births included, 16 953 had an alcohol‐related
International Classification of Diseases
, Ninth and Tenth Revisions (ICD‐9; ICD‐10
)
code during pregnancy. Log linear regression was used to calculate risk ratios (RR) for CHD among individuals with an alcohol‐related
ICD
‐9 and ICD10
code during pregnancy versus those without. Three models were created: (1) unadjusted, (2) adjusted for maternal demographic factors, and (3) adjusted for maternal demographic factors and comorbidities. Maternal alcohol‐related code was associated with an increased risk for CHD in all models (RR, 1.33 to 1.84); conotruncal (RR, 1.62 to 2.11) and endocardial cushion (RR, 2.71 to 3.59) defects were individually associated with elevated risk in all models.

Conclusions

Alcohol‐related diagnostic codes in pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of an offspring with a CHD, with a particular risk for endocardial cushion and conotruncal defects. The mechanistic basis for this phenotypic enrichment requires further investigation.
Trends in the Incidence of New‐Onset Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Among Rural and Urban Areas in the United States, 2007 to 2019
Authors: Cameron Natalie A. , Everitt Ian , Seegmiller Laura E. , Yee Lynn M. , Grobman William A. , Khan Sadiya S.
Published: January 2022

Background

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are growing public health problems that contribute to maternal morbidity, mortality, and future risk of cardiovascular disease. Given established rural‐urban differences in maternal cardiovascular health, we described contemporary trends in new‐onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the United States.

Methods and Results

We conducted a serial, cross‐sectional analysis of 51 685 525 live births to individuals aged 15 to 44 years from 2007 to 2019 using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Natality Database. We included gestational hypertension and preeclampsia/eclampsia in individuals without chronic hypertension and calculated the age‐adjusted incidence (95% CI) per 1000 live births overall and by urbanization status (rural or urban). We used Joinpoint software to identify inflection points and calculate rate of change. We quantified rate ratios to compare the relative incidence in rural compared with urban areas. Incidence (95% CI) of new‐onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy increased from 2007 to 2019 in both rural (48.6 [48.0–49.2] to 83.9 [83.1–84.7]) and urban (37.0 [36.8–37.2] to 77.2 [76.8–77.6]) areas. The rate of annual increase in new‐onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was more rapid after 2014 with greater acceleration in urban compared with rural areas. Rate ratios (95% CI) comparing incidence of new‐onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in rural and urban areas decreased from 1.31 (1.30–1.33) in 2007 to 1.09 (1.08–1.10) in 2019.

Conclusions

Incidence of new‐onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy doubled from 2007 to 2019 with persistent rural‐urban differences highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve the health of pregnant individuals and their offspring.
From the Heart to the Brain: Building Bridges to a Better Future
Authors: Elkind Mitchell S.V.
Published: January 2022

This Presidential Address was delivered at the International Stroke Conference in March 2021, during the coronavirus pandemic. Dr Elkind, the President of the American Heart Association (AHA) at the time, is a vascular neurologist with a research focus on stroke epidemiology. This address interweaves personal reflections on a career in clinical neurology, stroke research, and public health with a discussion of the role of the AHA in improving cardiovascular health at multiple levels. Throughout its history, the AHA has had leaders representing many different areas of cardiovascular science and medicine, including stroke. More recently, its focus has expanded from a traditional emphasis on cardiovascular events illness and events, like heart disease and stroke, to an appreciation of the role of the vascular system in brain health, healthy aging, cognitive decline, and dementia. During the pandemic, as the bidirectional effects of the coronavirus on cardiovascular disease has been elucidated, the benefits of a broad and multidisciplinary approach to cardiovascular disease and public health have become more apparent than ever. In addition, with growing awareness of the disproportionate effects of the pandemic on communities of color in the United States and globally, the AHA has redoubled its focus on addressing the social determinants of health, including structural racism. Central to these efforts is the construction of bridges between the generation of scientific knowledge and action for the public good. Our success will depend on the combination of basic, translational, clinical and population research with programs of public and professional education, advocacy, and social action.
On the Neuronal Dynamics of Aesthetic Experience: Evidence from Electroencephalographic Oscillatory Dynamics
Authors: Strijbosch Wim , Vessel Edward A. , Welke Dominik , Mitas Ondrej , Gelissen John , Bastiaansen Marcel
Published: January 2022

Aesthetic experiences have an influence on many aspects of life. Interest in the neural basis of aesthetic experiences has grown rapidly in the past decade, and fMRI studies have identified several brain systems supporting aesthetic experiences. Work on the rapid neuronal dynamics of aesthetic experience, however, is relatively scarce. This study adds to this field by investigating the experience of being aesthetically moved by means of ERP and time–frequency analysis. Participants' EEG was recorded while they viewed a diverse set of artworks and evaluated the extent to which these artworks moved them. Results show that being aesthetically moved is associated with a sustained increase in gamma activity over centroparietal regions. In addition, alpha power over right frontocentral regions was reduced in high- and low-moving images, compared to artworks given intermediate ratings. We interpret the gamma effect as an indication for sustained savoring processes for aesthetically moving artworks compared to aesthetically less-moving artworks. The alpha effect is interpreted as an indication of increased attention for aesthetically salient images. In contrast to previous works, we observed no significant effects in any of the established ERP components, but we did observe effects at latencies longer than 1 sec. We conclude that EEG time–frequency analysis provides useful information on the neuronal dynamics of aesthetic experience.
Episodic Memory Precision and Reality Monitoring Following Stimulation of Angular Gyrus
Authors: Kwon Simon , Richter Franziska R. , Siena Michael J. , Simons Jon S.
Published: January 2022

The qualities of remembered experiences are often used to inform “reality monitoring” judgments, our ability to distinguish real and imagined events. Previous experiments have tended to investigate only whether reality monitoring decisions are accurate or not, providing little insight into the extent to which reality monitoring may be affected by qualities of the underlying mnemonic representations. We used a continuous-response memory precision task to measure the quality of remembered experiences that underlie two different types of reality monitoring decisions: self/experimenter decisions that distinguish actions performed by participants and the experimenter and imagined/perceived decisions that distinguish imagined and perceived experiences. The data revealed memory precision to be associated with higher accuracy in both self/experimenter and imagined/perceived reality monitoring decisions, with lower precision linked with a tendency to misattribute self-generated experiences to external sources. We then sought to investigate the possible neurocognitive basis of these observed associations by applying brain stimulation to a region that has been implicated in precise recollection of personal events, the left angular gyrus. Stimulation of angular gyrus selectively reduced the association between memory precision and self-referential reality monitoring decisions, relative to control site stimulation. The angular gyrus may, therefore, be important for the mnemonic processes involved in representing remembered experiences that give rise to a sense of self-agency, a key component of “autonoetic consciousness” that characterizes episodic memory.
Demagogues and Demagoguery in Hellenistic Greece
Authors: Simonton Matt
Published: January 2022

This paper introduces scholars of Greek political thought to the continued existence of the phenomenon of demagoguery, or ‘(mis-)leadership of the people’, in the Hellenistic period. After summarizing Classical elite discourse about demagoguery, I explore three areas in which political leaders continued to run afoul of elite norms in Hellenistic democratic poleis: 1) political persecution of the wealthier members of a political community; 2) ‘pandering to’ the people in a way considered infra dignitatem; and 3) stoking bellicosity among the common people. I show that considerable continuities link the Classical and Hellenistic periods and that demagoguery should be approached as a potential window onto ‘popular culture’ in Greek antiquity.
Odd, Idle, and Vicious: Plato’s Use of Public Opinion in His Characterization of the Philosopher in Republic VI
Authors: Silva Trinidad
Published: January 2022

Plato’s characterization of the philosopher often emerges as a way to respond to popular conceptions and representations of the intellectual in Athenian society. In book 6 of the Republic in particular, he articulates his greatest defense of the philosopher against two major charges – that of being vicious and useless. Voicing what appears to be a commonly held view among Athenians, this representation of the philosopher is raised by Adeimantus as an objection to Socrates’ proposal of a philosopher-king. Surprisingly, rather than dismissing the allegations as false, Socrates admits ‘that what they say is true’ (Resp. 6.487d10) and incorporates these criticisms into his argument. This paper proposes that the popular depiction of the philosopher as odd, vicious and idle plays a significant role in Plato’s own characterization of the philosopher, illustrating how Plato diagnoses the philosopher’s alienation from public affairs in a manner that defines and legitimates his own ideas of philosophy.
Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record
Authors: DANG MINH QUAN , AVERYANOV LEONID V. , DANG VAN SON , MAISAK TATIANA , BUI VAN HUONG , TU BAO NGAN , TRUONG BA VUONG
Published: January 2022

The paper presents a taxonomic review of Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos for the flora of Vietnam and provides the key for its species’ identification. A new species, B. truongtamii and a new variety, B. taeniophyllum var. denticulatoalatum are described for science. Bulbophyllum nodosum is reported for the first time from the country. Bulbophyllum strigosum, described 20 years ago based on cultivated plant of uncertain origin was rediscovered in NE Vietnam. For this species, location and detailed description are reported. Analytical photos, data on phenology, ecology, and distribution are presented for all studied species. The morphological comparison table of the new species, new variety and newly recorded species segregating them from similar species are presented.
A new variety of Impatiens jurpia (Balsaminaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: TIWARI UMESHKUMAR L.
Published: January 2022

Impatiens jurpia var. ravikumareana a new variety of Balsaminaceae is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh India. The new variety resembles I. jurpia var. jurpia and I. cathcartii but differ in many attributes.
A new small-celled diatom from Brazil - Luticola minutissima sp. nov., with comparison to the type of the Antarctic L. neglecta Zidarova, Levkov & Van de Vijv
Authors: RYBAK MATEUSZ , PESZEK ŁUKASZ , SKOCZYLAS ŁUKASZ , LUDWIG THELMA ALVIM VEIGA
Published: January 2022

The samples for this study were collected from terrestrial mosses and lichens growing on palm tree trunks and concrete walls in the city of Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil. During the investigation on diatom diversity, a new species from the genus Luticola was found. The new species occurred individually at all sampling sites. The aim of this paper is to provide a morphological and ecological description of Luticola minutissima sp. nov. from an aerophytic environment. The species is characterized by a small valve size (5.2–16.8 μm length and 3.7–4.4 wide) and abruptly hooked proximal raphe endings (ca. 90-degree angle). Additionally for comparison, type material of the most similar species, Luticola neglecta Zidarova, Levkov & Van de Vijver, was studied and new information for the ultrastructure of the latter species is provided as well.
Taxonomy of Middle Miocene foraminifera from the northern Namibian continental shelf
Authors: BERGH EUGENE W. , COMPTON JOHN S.
Published: January 2022

Middle Miocene foraminifera from the northern Namibian outer continental shelf are indicators of a period prior to the initiation of the Benguela Upwelling System (BUS). This study provides an update to the occurrence and taxonomy of Miocene foraminifera from the continental margin of Namibia. The taxonomy of 51 benthic and 12 planktic foraminiferal species from the northern Namibian shelf are discussed, their stratigraphic significance given, and their ecological preferences and regional distribution summarised within this study. The identification of extinct planktic foraminifera provided key stratigraphic control for the middle Miocene strata of this region. The taxa identified in this study provide a distinct and different assemblage to the overlying younger strata. Many of the species recorded in this study have not been identified in the region and are reported for the first time from the middle Miocene on the southwestern continental shelf of Africa, off Namibia. A total of 47 species are identified and discussed for the first time from this region. Nineteen species recorded in this study are extinct and eleven taxa reported here have previously only been reported on the genus level on the southwestern shelf of South Africa. Seven benthic species (Amphicoryna scalaris, Marginulina obesa, Glandulina laevigata, Globocassidulina subglobosa, Uvigerina peregrina, Sphaeroidina bulloides and Melonis affinis) and two planktic species (Globigerina bulloides and Orbulina universa) did not disappear from the regional stratigraphy and continued to occur in Plio-Pleistocene to Recent sediments along the southwestern continental shelf of Africa.
Delimitation of the segmented trapdoor spider genus Luthela gen. nov., with comments on the genus Sinothela from northern China (Araneae, Mesothelae, Liphistiidae)
Authors: XU XIN , YU LI , LIU FENGXIANG , LI DAIQIN
Published: January 2022

A new genus of the primitively segmented trapdoor spiders, which is endemic to the north of China, is described, Luthela gen. nov., and the status of Sinothela Haupt, 2003 and Sinothela sinensis (Bishop & Crosby, 1932) is discussed and both are treated as nomina dubia. The new genus Luthela gen. nov. is erected based on morphology and molecular data of the type species Luthela yiyuan sp. nov. A taxonomic revision of the new genus is given. Three Sinothela species are transferred to the new genus, L. luotianensis comb. nov. and L. schensiensis comb. nov. are redescribed using our newly collected specimens, include L. heyangensis comb. nov. as a junior synonym of L. schensiensis comb. nov., and describe six new species based on both male and female morphological characters: L. badong sp. nov., L. dengfeng sp. nov., L. handan sp. nov., L. taian sp. nov., L. yiyuan sp. nov., and L. yuncheng sp. nov.
Gangrenous Cholecystitis From Gallbladder Volvulus With a Hiatal Hernia
Authors: Armistead Charles W. , Favors Lauren E. , Mejia Vincente A.
Published: January 2022

Gallbladder volvulus is a rare condition involving the rotation of the gallbladder about the cystic duct and vascular pedicle, compromising biliary drainage and blood flow. This report describes a case of gallbladder volvulus presenting in an 88-year-old female with acute onset of right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Complete work-up included a physical exam, laboratory studies, and computed tomography (CT), which was notable for a markedly distended gallbladder with circumferential wall thickening, pericholecystic fluid, a 12 mm common bile duct, and a hiatal hernia. Given that her initial presentation was consistent with acute cholecystitis, we elected to perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The definitive diagnosis of gallbladder volvulus was made intraoperatively after decompression of the gallbladder and visualization of counterclockwise rotation of the gallbladder around the hilum and the infundibulum. This case illustrates the challenge in preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder volvulus, which requires high clinical suspicion to provide prompt surgical intervention.