bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ejercitación computacional para estudiar reacciones de sustitución nucleofílica aromática bimolecular
Authors: Cappetta Jorge Esteban , Micheli César Alfonso
Published: February 2019

En el presente trabajo se pone en evidencia como, haciendo uso de metodologías computacionales de simulación empleando programas hasta el nivel semiempírico (PM6), puede encararse el análisis estructural y energético de cuatro reacciones similares en su desarrollo, ocurrentes con el mismo mecanismo subyacente: sustitución nucleofílica aromática bimolecular. Esto con el objetivo de estimular en el manejo de la química computacional orgánica básica, a alumnos de nivel terciario de profesorado y universitarios en el área de las ciencias exactas. A los efectos se los orientará para validar los resultados obtenidos por simulación, interpretándolos mediante el uso del lenguaje clásico de la química orgánica mecanística, sin intentar encarar problemáticas de éste tipo con metodologías más avanzadas que excederían el nivel de interpretación alcanzado en ésta propuesta.
Construcción y validación preliminar de un instrumento de evaluación de actitudes hacia la clase de química para estudiantes de educación media
Authors: Munoz Masson Daniel , Quintanilla Gatica Mario Roberto , Manzanilla Castellanos Miguel Angel
Published: February 2019

Las actitudes en la química escolar están relacionadas con la predisposición de profesores y estudiantes hacia diferentes dimensiones y condiciones de la clase de ciencias. Por lo tanto, evaluarlas es relevante, permitiendo determinar cómo se propician, desarrollan, configuran y reconfiguran para contribuir a un menor ambiente de aprendizaje y de enseñanza de la química. En este trabajo se propone un constructo de actitud sostenido en marcos teóricos complementarios que permiten diseñar y validar un instrumento preliminar para la evaluación de las actitudes en la clase de química de secundaria. Los resultados arrojaron una alta confiabilidad del instrumento, entregando evidencia suficiente para continuar en esta línea de investigación.
Identificación de normas y directrices para bibliotecas: las unidades de información
Authors: Nieves Yadira Rosario
Published: February 2019

Las unidades de información han utilizado la calidad como un concepto inherente a sus actividades. El uso de normas se avala en aras de garantizar una actuación cercana a las necesidades de su público objetivo. Los objetivos de este trabajo se enmarcan en identificar documentos que regulan y orientan los procesos en este tipo de organizaciones, así como explorar la opinión de profesionales involucrados con la actividad bibliotecológica con respecto al uso de estándares en las unidades de información. Los resultados de la encuesta realizada a estos profesionistas arrojan que se considera la aplicación de normas como un proceso necesario.
La indicación formal como renovación de la fenomenología: luces y sombras
Authors: Ruiz Fernández José
Published: February 2019

En sus primeras lecciones de Friburgo, Heidegger planteó que una conceptuación originariamente filosófica debía tener un carácter indicativoformal. Esto involucraba una transformación metodológica de la fenomenología hacia una hermenéutica de la vida fáctica. En este artículo se expone cómo la asunción de un procedimiento indicativo-formal permite a Heidegger superar ciertos problemas, apuntados por Natorp, que amenazaban la comprensión de Husserl de la fenomenología. Por otra parte, se hace también una consideración crítica del planteamiento fenomenológico original de Heidegger.
Rawls y un principio de diferencia global
Authors: Dimitriu Cristian
Published: February 2019

En este trabajo me propongo analizar algunos de los argumentos de John Rawls en contra de un principio de diferencia internacional, tal como fueron presentados en Un derecho de gentes. Sostengo que estos argumentos son inconsistentes con el principio de diferencia doméstico. Si los aceptamos, entonces tendremos que afrontar el dilema de o bien tener que aceptar dicho principio distributivo en ambos ámbitos (el doméstico y el internacional) o bien tener que rechazarlo por completo. También sostengo que las posibles objeciones de Rawls a esta crítica se basan en la dudosa premisa empírica de que los países son exclusivamente responsables de su propio fracaso.
Intersubjetividad y autorreferencialidad en la teoría ética de C.S. Nino
Authors: Parmigiani Matías
Published: February 2019

En El constructivismo ético, C.S. Nino sostuvo que “la discusión y la decisión intersubjetiva es el procedimiento más confiable de acceso a la verdad moral”. Esta tesis epistémica sobre el conocimiento moral posee claramente un costado político: a los fines de atender imparcialmente los intereses de todos los integrantes de una comunidad, “el intercambio de ideas y la necesidad de justificarse frente a los demás” acrecientan las posibilidades de éxito. Por el contrario, bastante menos claro resulta determinar en la obra de Nino las derivaciones de semejante tesis en lo tocante a la dimensión autorreferencial de la moralidad. Intentando llenar este vacío, exploraré en el presente trabajo las relaciones que deberían mediar entre la práctica social del discurso moral y el descubrimiento y la justificación de los ideales de conducta autorreferenciales.
Adolfo García de la Sierna (comp.), Reflexiones sobre la paradoja de Orayen
Authors: Pallares Vega Ivonne
Published: February 2019

Las reseñas no incluyen resumen.
Early dexamethasone administration in adults with suspected meningitis lowers morbidity and mortality
Authors: Siegel Dana
Published: February 2019

A critical appraisal and clinical application of de Gans J, van de Beek D, Investigators EDiABMS. Dexamethasone in adults with bacterial meningitis. New Eng J Med. 2002;347(20):1549-1556. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa021334.
Renal angioplasty does not improve clinical outcomes compared to standard medical therapy in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Authors: Morris Alexandra
Published: February 2019

A critical appraisal and clinical application of Cooper CJ, Murphy T, Cutlip D, Jamerson K, Henrich W. Stenting and medical therapy for atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis. New Eng J Med. 2014;370(1):13-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1310753.
My first experience using clinical evidence to change patient care
Authors: Aiello Alec
Published: February 2019

This third year medical student reflects upon how his observations and subsequent research into a clinical question was able to influence the way his team thought about administering care in their day-to-day practice.
Does Sincerity Matter? An Empirical Test
Authors: Shapiro David E.
Published: February 2019

I conducted 2 experiments to test the hypothesis that participants who are given more (vs. less) sincere reinforcement will achieve criterion behavior sooner or more completely, and also tested for the Greenspoon effect. In each experiment, assistants' biases were measured and they
were then asked to reinforce participants' responses under conditions where that reinforcement was either congruent or incongruent with the identified biases. Assistants' effectiveness under these 2 conditions was determined by measuring the shift in participants' responses from baseline values.
In Experiment 1, 20 assistants reinforced designated responses by 40 participants to a 40-item questionnaire. Results supported a sincerity effect but not the Greenspoon effect. The results of Experiment 2 were nonsignificant, which I attribute to the use of a design resulting in less assistant–participant
communication.
A Phenomenological Investigation of the Lived Experience of Psychopathology
Authors: Harris Russell M. , Bors Russell A.
Published: February 2019

We collected personal documents from various participants on the topic of "a personal experience in which you observed or experienced psychopathology." The protocols were "topical autobiographical" personal documents, which we analyzed using the procedures set forth by van Kaam, to
describe—rather than attempting to explain—lived experiences. Subsequently, 15 protocols obtained from an undergraduate class in psychopathology at the University of Regina were analyzed. We feel that both the methodology used and our findings reveal a new way of viewing psychopathology,
showing the inadequacy of reducing psychopathology to diagnostic labels. We found that the fullness of the pathological experience can only be understood through elucidating experienced interpersonal dynamics. Consequently, both an essential and a situational quality is evidenced, revealing
the inadequacy of theories in which either the existence of psychopathology or its subjective character are denied.
Influence of used waste cathode ray tube glass on alkali silicate reaction and mechanical properties of mortar mixtures
Authors: Bijeljic Jelena , Ristic Nenad , Grdic Zoran , Toplicic-Curcic Gordana , Stojkovic Nenad
Published: February 2019

Rapid transition of electronic device manufacturing industry has led towards
the increase of glass waste quantities, which are still being speculated.
This resulted in increasing research on the use of waste glass in many
different industries. In this study, the impact of using grounded waste
cathode ray tube (CRT) glass as aggregate replacement (AR) on the
alkali-silica reaction (ASR), mechanical properties and structure and
microscopy of mortar were examined and reported. Crushed waste CRT aggregate
was used to replace 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of natural limestone aggregate in
mortar bars. ASR expansion values of mortar with added waste glass were
investigated and tested for observation period according to
Ultra-accelerated mortar-bar test. The results showed that the increase of
AR percentage resulted in higher susceptibility to ASR. Mechanical
properties and microscopy of mortar mixtures showed the potential of using
waste CRT glass, due to the small difference between tested mixtures.
The dominant currents in the research of music in Serbia: An overview of the Institute of Musicology SAS’s early history (1947-1965)
Authors: Vesic Ivana , Lajic-Mihajlovic Danka
Published: February 2019

This paper is dedicated to the investigation of the initial period of the
Institute of Musicology SAS, the first scientific institution of this kind
in Serbia (and Yugoslavia), in order to give an insight into the development
of national musicology and ethnomusicology. The results of earlier research
about the topic have been expanded by means of the analysis of documents
from the archive of the Institute of Musicology SASA. The organization of
the Institute?s functioning, general research orientation, key topics,
methodological choices and the significance of individual researchers were
considered in detail. This diachronically oriented overview of research into
music throughout the 20th century enabled us to pointing out the
continuities and innovations after World War II and the Institute?s
foundation.
Voices from the beginning: The early phase of musical historiography in Serbia
Authors: Peno Vesna , Vasic Aleksandar
Published: February 2019

The beginnings of Serbian musical historiography can be traced back to the
nineteenth century. The first half of that century is marked by the work of
musical amateurs, and later professionals were gradually trained. The
beginnings of Serbian musical historiography can be found in articles
published in memorials of singing societies, as well as in periodicals.
These were portraits of composers and performers, texts on church and folk
music, obituaries and other articles. The first history of music in the
Serbian language appeared in 1921 in Pancevo. Its author was Ljubomir
Bosnjakovic (1891-1987), composer and conductor. This short history of music
is written in a popular way, as a guide-book for concert and opera
audiences, and as a manual for school youth. It includes a professional
approach and a free, literary expression. This study paints a picture of the
initial phase of the development of musical historiography in Serbia, as
well as an analysis of Ljubomir Bosnjakovic?s book.
Kornelije Stankovic´s piano repertoire - from European practice to national ideology
Authors: Kokanovic-Markovic Marijana
Published: February 2019

Of particular importance for the artistic commitment and maturation of
Kornelije Stankovic, was his training in Vienna, which at that time
represented the center of the Slavic elite. The whole cultural and social
atmosphere of Vienna left a strong imprint on the young artist: a rich
cultural and political life of the city, contacts with Serbian and Slavic
circles and their ideas, especially studies under distinguished professor at
the Conservatory - a composer, pianist and theorist Simon Sechter. By
studying the inscriptions in the Serbian press from the 19th century (Srbski
list, Vidovdan, Juzna pcela, Danica, Trgovacke novine, Sumadinka) and
preserved posters of Stankovic?s concerts, we have selected the compositions
that were part of the Kornelije Stankovic piano repertoire. Besides his own
compositions, his repertoire included some works of Franz Liszt and
Sigismund Thalberg, and even, then popular and now forgotten salon
composers-pianists: Jacob Blumenthal, Louis Lacombe, Rudolf Willmers, Eduard
M. Pirkhert, and a certain man named Wald. It is possible that this
selection of works was influenced by Sechter himself. Blumental and Lacombe
were his students. However, the fact remains that the compositions of those
authors, which Stankovic performed, also represented the most famous works
of those composers, as well as the standards of the salon repertoire at the
time. The aim of this paper is to highlight the equal importance and
representation of the foreign composers within Stankovic?s piano repertoire,
as well as the actuality of performed compositions, which has allowed us to
gain an insight into the German press of the considered period.
A bicha e o macho: poder e resistência nas músicas de Linn da Quebrada
Authors: Santos João Vitor Xavier dos , Bazza Adélli Bortolon
Published: February 2019

Na última década, observou-se um aumento das discussões sobre gênero, bem como da visibilidade de sujeitos pertencentes à comunidade LGBTQ+. Além de se diferenciar da comunidade externa a ela, a dita heterossexual, a própria sigla demonstra que internamente há vários grupos e, portanto várias subjetividades.Desse modo, buscamos investigar o jogo de forças estabelecido internamente à comunidade LGBTQ+ e a sua consequente relação com a circulação/validação de subjetividades.No esteio de uma análise discursiva que mobiliza noções foucaultianas, são mobilizados neste trabalho conceitos comosubjetividade, poder e resistência. A série enunciativa mobilizada é composta por músicas da cantora Lin da Quebrada, em seu álbum ‘Pajubá’, lançado em 2017. As análises indicaram que o discurso construído nas músicas estabelece uma resistência ao padrão do gay com perfil masculinizado, o macho, em prol da valorização da subjetividade do gayfeminio, a bicha.
Associativismo, participação e representação política no Espírito Santo
Authors: Nascimento Anselmo Hudson Siqueira
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar o associativismo enquanto instrumento de participação e representação política no Brasil, especialmente no pós Constituição de 1988, entendendo o associativismo como a possibilidade de grupos de pessoas defenderem interesses específicos junto ao poder político institucional através de uma pessoa jurídica constituída. A pesquisa empírica contou com um levantamento de informações secundárias sobre o associativismo no Brasil, assim como foram estudadas três associações no Estado do Espírito Santo por meio de entrevistas individuais em profundidade. As conclusões indicam que o associativismo por um lado apresenta um caráter heterogêneo em sua formação e atuação, atuando institucionalmente de forma desconectada e descoordenada. Por outro lado, se fortaleceu com a redemocratização do país, se multiplica sob a forma de demandas sociais e atua para combater os problemas de funcionamento dos poderes instituídos, em sintonia com a complexidade da sociedade atual.
Mortes violentas no México no século XXI: uma drástica mudança de cenário
Authors: Cavalcanti Filho Ricardo Caldas
Published: February 2019

O México tornou-se uma das nações mais violentas do mundo e os indicadores de violência, que até então eram baixos, alcançaram os patamares mais elevados já mensurados até então. Entre os anos de 2006 e 2012 ocorreram cerca de quarenta e sete mil homicídios relacionados ao conflito entre organizações criminosas e o Estado. Em 2010, os homicídios relacionados à guerra às drogas representaram 45% de todos os homicídios cometidos no país. De acordo com Rios, um dos autores utilizados nessa pesquisa, a cidade de Juarez chegou a marca de 216 homicídios por grupos de cem habitantes, valor superior a territórios em zona de guerra como Bagdá, a capital do Iraque. Este trabalho possui como objetivo central analisar a ascensão da criminalidade violenta, com foco nos homicídios, no México, tendo como base a tipologia de Moser, cujos fatores políticos/ institucionais, econômicos e sociais, aparecem como categorias centrais após décadas com baixos índices de criminalidade.
Mapeamento Tecnológico de Patentes em Energia Eólica no Brasil
Authors: Leusin Matheus Eduardo , Vaz Caroline Rodrigues , Uriona Maldonado Mauricio
Published: February 2019

A difusão da energia eólica é de grande importância para aumentar a diversidade da matriz energética brasileira e diminuir a dependência do país às variações hidrológicas. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre o estado atual do país em relação ao desenvolvimento da tecnologia eólica. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar a situação atual do desenvolvimento tecnológico da energia eólica no Brasil, por meio da análise das patentes depositadas no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual - INPI. Entre os principais resultados, destaca-se a identificação: i) do baixo nível de patenteamento brasileiro; ii) do predomínio da região Sudeste do país sobre o patenteamento do tema analisado; iii) da influência do mercado de geração eólica brasileiro para o aumento do número de patentes na área; iv) de carências nacionais em algumas áreas de conhecimentos, o que afeta o conteúdo das patentes de energia eólica desenvolvidas no país; v) do baixo interesse das empresas nacionais do setor de eletricidade no desenvolvimento de atividades de P&D; e vi) do comportamento de reatividade das empresas nacionais deste setor no que se refere ao desenvolvimento de atividades inovativas.
The Use Of Slang Amongst Undergraduate Students Of A Malaysian Public University
Authors: Namvar Firooz
Published: February 2019

Slang is the use of highly informal words and expressions that are not considered standard in the speaker's dialect or language. Slang is very often colloquial: the language and dialect tend to be specific to a particular territory. Slang is a central part of young generation's experience, but contrary to many adults perception of slang as more or less uniform youth language The social meaning of slang is as variable as the teenagers who use it. In short, slang is an integral part of teenage communication. It gives them an identity of youth style of expression. Though slangs are language and culture specific, but they are often transmitted from one culture and language to another. Recent electronic communications contribute a lot in this process. The aim of this study was to show that if Malaysian youth use English slang in their language. The two major objectives were: 1. to illustrate if Malaysian youth are familiar with slang. 2. To examine what kind of slang they use more in compare with other kinds of slang. A pilot-test consists of 20 slang items was administered to 60 students. The respondents were in final semester of bachelor of English language at UPM.Â  The data obtained from the study was coded and analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (spss). The analyzing of data showed that the internet slang, abbreviations slang, and movie slang are used frequently by youth generation. It seems that they are familiar with these sorts of slang. The reasons can be because of using internet a lot nowadays, another reason can be media, which has the most important role in this case.
The Relationship Between The Male And Female Language Performance And The Level Of Anxiety Among Iranian EFL Students
Authors: Janfaza Abusaied , Rezaei Yousof , Soori Afshin
Published: February 2019

This study tries to investigate the relationship between the male and female language performance and the level of anxiety among Iranian EFL students. The participants of the current study were 26 Iranian EFL students studying English in Islamic Azad University, Larestan, Iran who were selected in terms of the administering of an Oxford Placement Test. Then, the students were given The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale. Finally, they were given an English class test which consisted of 40 multiple-choice items. The researcher calculated the correlation between the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale and the performance of both Iranian male and female students on English Class test. The findings indicated that there was a negative correlation between the level of anxiety and the students' performance on English Class Test scores. Moreover, Iranian male students were more anxious in learning English than female students.
Examining the universality of Brown and Levinsons Politeness model In the Arabic Gulf Context
Authors: Alkhateeb Ibrahim
Published: February 2019

Brown and Levinson proposed a model of politeness, aiming to put forward a universal model for acting politely. This model has been widely discussed and criticised in the fields of pragmatics and discourse analysis, with the main critique of the model of politeness being put forward by two Japanese researchers, Matsumoto and Ide, and by the Chinese researchers, Gu and Mao. They argue that Brown and Levinsons model is western biased and does not represent politeness norms found all over the world (Fukushima, 2000). In this paper, the universality of the model is discussed, referring to the Gulf Arabic culture and related literature about the way Arabic speakers perform politeness. The argument of the paper is in favour of the model and supports its universality. The paper starts with a review of the model and then presents the critique, followed by information on the Gulf Arabic way of doing politeness; this is to be tested by collecting and rating some Gulf Arabic speakers responses to a set of cases in a questionnaire.
The Effect of the Physical Environment on Consumers’ Perceptions: A Review of the Retailing Research on External Shopping Environment
Authors: Kohijoki Anna-Maija , Koistinen Katri
Published: February 2019

Regarding the revitalization of intra-urban centres, this review focuses on consumers’ perceptions of the physical environment with emphasis on the tangible elements in the external shopping environment. Based on the typologies of environmental elements, a systematic review of 59 retailing articles by means of content analysis was conducted. Several design and ambient elements were identified as relevant to consumers, but an in-depth understanding of their effects is needed to enhance the attractiveness of intra-urban centres.
Positive Interventions in the Therapy of Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Sawicka Maryla , Żochowska Agnieszka
Published: February 2019

Positive psychology directs its research interests primarily to healthy people. The most important goal is to build a positive attitude towards yourself and the surrounding world. Recently, positive psychology has set a new area of research interest, which is clinical psychology. In recent years, several positive psychotherapy programs have been developed for people with schizophrenia experience. The article presents the latest trends in positive psychotherapy for people with schizophrenia. They involve taking into account the individual differences of each patient and the specificity of his / her psychopathology. As far as the therapeutic goals are concerned, there are interventions focused on strategies for enhancing positive emotions and wellbeing or the method of activating the strengths of character. Taking into account the methods of therapeutic work, they can be divided into training methods or those of the behavioral-cognitive psychotherapy as well as those that take into account the various aspects of meditation. The article presents the distribution of therapeutic programs in terms of the range of therapeutic goals in which the most important are: intensification of positive experiences, building of strengths of character and well-being. Therapeutic programs have been shown to focus not only on breaking down negative attitudes towards one’s own illness and life, but also on those that try to deal with the unsolved schizophrenia problem - negative symptoms.
Narrative as a Form of Explanation
Authors: Bevir Mark
Published: February 2019

Many scholars have argued that history embodies a different form of explanation from natural science. This paper provides an analysis of narrative conceived as the form of explanation appropriate to history. In narratives, actions, beliefs, and pro-attitudes are joined to one another by means of conditional and volitional connections. Conditional connections exist when beliefs and pro-attitudes pick up themes contained in one another. Volitional connections exist when agents command themselves to do something having decided to do it because of a pro-attitude they hold. The fear remains, however, that all narratives are constructed in part by the imagination of the writer, so if the human sciences deploy narratives, they lack proper epistemic legitimacy. The paper dispels this fear by arguing that we have proper epistemic grounds for postulating conditional and volitional connections because these connections are given to us by a folk psychology we accept as true.
Tarskian truth and the two provinces of semantics
Authors: Santos Ricardo
Published: February 2019

In this paper, I argue that the cleavage between the theory of reference and the theory of meaning, which under the influence of Quine has dominated a large part of the philosophy of language of the last fifty years, is based on a misrepresentation of Tarski’s achievement and on an overestimation of the scope and value of disquotation. In particular, I show that, if we accept Davidson’s critique of disquotation, the same kind of reasons that Quine offered in opposition to the Carnapian theory of meaning also apply, mutatis mutandis, to the Tarskian theory of reference.
Why Electrochromism in Li4ti5o12 Differs in the Visible and Infrared Spectrum
Authors: LI MENG , Gould Tim , Su Zhong , Zhang Shanqing
Published: February 2019

Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) has been experimentally proven as a promising electrochromic material in applications of smart windows, thermal management and infrared camouflage. However, the fundamental mechanism on these phenomena is still lacking. For the first time, we fill this knowledge gap via quantitative matching the LTO's optical properties and electronic structure during charging/discharging using density functional theory. Our study suggests that the absorption of infrared is highly sensitive to intercalation of Li in the LTO lattice, in contrast with the adsorption of visible wavelengths. This unique property of LTO offers the practical ability in controlling infrared-induced heating with minimal effect on transmission of visible light. Furthermore, we also conclude that electrochemically controlled intercalation of Li causes donor states to appear, expand and move to deeper levels in the forbidden band, leading to better conductivity and lower transmittance, which is in line with the experimental results in the literature.
Polymer Supported Carbon for Safe and Effective Remediation of PFAS-Contaminated Water
Authors: Lundquist Nicholas , Sweetman Martin , Scroggie Kymberley , Worthington Max , Esdaile Louisa , Alboaiji Salah , Plush Sally , Hayball John , Chalker Justin
Published: February 2019

Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is an economical sorbent for removing micropollutants from water, but it generates hazardous dust that is flammable and a respiration hazard. Additionally, the fine particles of PAC can cake and block filters and membranes, complicating its use in continuous processes. In this study, we present a sulfur polymer support for PAC that overcomes these problems. The blend of the sulfur polymer and PAC generates low dust and it does not block filters. The utility of the sorbent is demonstrated in the remediation of water contaminated with perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs)—persistent micropollutants that currently threaten water safety worldwide. Fundamental discoveries of PFAS self-assembly are reported, as well as testing on field samples.
Fused Hybrid Linkers for Metal–Organic Frameworks-Derived Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts
Authors: Ping Kefeng , Braschinsky Alan , Alam Mahboob , Bhadoria Rohit , Mikli Valdek , Mere Arvo , Aruväli Jaan , Vlassov Sergei , Kook Mati , Rähn Mihkel , Sammelselg Väino , Tammeveski Kaido , Kongi Nadezda , Starkov Pavel
Published: February 2019

Preparation of electrocatalysts often relies on the use of multiple starting materials – inorganic salts or organometallic precursors, nanostructured carbon supports, organic additives, dopants and carbonization under modifying atmospheres (e.g. NH3 or H2) – with the examples of electrocatalysts arising from a single precursor being much less common. Herein, we have surveyed a series of heterobivalent scaffolds to identify an iron/benzimidazole-based metal– organic framework as a uniform starting material. By merging the catechol and imidazole units together, we get direct entry into a highly efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst, which alleviates the need for additional dopants and modifying conditions (ORR: Eon = 1.01 V, E1/2 = 0.87 V vs. RHE in 0.1 M KOH; OER: 1.60 V @10 mA cm–2 in 0.1 M KOH; ∆E = 0.73 V). We demonstrate that by fine-tuning the chemical nature of an organic linker, one is able modulate the electrochemical properties of a single precursor-derived electrocatalyst material.
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS BERNUNG
Authors: Saputri Nurwinda , Astuti Yuni Puji
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAKMenurut WHO pada Tahun 2011 diare merupakan penyebab kematian nomor tiga di dunia pada anak di bawah umur 5 tahun. Penyakit diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, hal ini dikarenakan masih tingginya angka kesakitan diare yang menimbulkan kematian terutama pada balita. Diare adalah buang air besar lembek atau cair dapat berupa air saja yang frekuensinya lebih sering dari biasanya (biasanya tiga kali atau lebihdalam sehari).Salah satu penyebabnya, di pengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti sumber air bersih, jenis tempat pembuangan tinja, dan jenis lantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare yang merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan crosssectional, dengansampel penelitian 166 respondendanteknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakancluster sampling. Data ini di kumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan analisa data menggunakan univariat dan bivariat, analisis data statistik menggunakan uji chi square.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara sumber air bersih dengan kejadian diare  (p=0,019), tempat pembuangan tinja (p=0,013), dan jenis lantai (p=0,001). Diharapkan pada petugas puskesmas agar memberikan penyuluhan pada masyarakat tentang penggunaan sumber air bersih, penggunaan jamban dengan benar dan menjaga kebersihan jamban dan kebersihan lantai.Kata kunci       : Balita, diare, Lingkungan  ABSTRACKAccording to WHO in 2011 diarrhea is the number three cause of death in the world in children under the age of 5 years. Diarrhea is one of the public health problems in Indonesia, this is due to the high rate of diarrhea that causes death, especially in infants. Diarrhea is soft or liquid bowel movements that can be water only, the frequency is more often than usual (usually three times or more in a day). One reason is influenced by environmental factors such as the source of clean water, type of landfill, and type of floor. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of diarrhea which is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach, with a research sample of 166 responses to the sampling technique used by cluster sampling. This data was collected using questionnaires and data analysis using univariate and bivariate, statistical data analysis using the chi square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the source of clean water and the incidence of diarrhea (p = 0.019), feces disposal (p = 0.013), and type of floor (p = 0.001). It is expected that the puskesmas officers will provide information to the community about using clean water sources, using latrines properly and maintaining toilet cleanliness and cleanliness of the floor.Keywords: Toddlers, diarrhea, environment
DIALOGIC-EXISTENTIAL IMAGE OF JOSEF CONRAD IN THE NOVEL BY MARIO VARGAS LLOSA “THE DREAM OF THE CELT”
Authors: Tokman Hanna
Published: February 2019

The article is devoted to the artistic image of Joseph Conrad in the novel by Mario Vargas Llosa “The Dream of the Celt”. The researcher studies the ideological evolution of Conrad during his time in Congo. In the center of attention is the influence of the figure of the Irish liberation movement Roger Casement on the worldview of the Polish-English writer. The paper explores the concept of colonialism, one of the most significant in Joseph Conrad’s prose, particularly in period of the novel “Heart of Darkness”. In the narrative of Joseph Conrad the concept of colonialism is mostly researched from philosophic (existential) and biographical (travel to Africa) perspective. Roger Casement, in contrast to J. Conrad, is concerned about the colonial situation of both Congo and Ireland.

The researcher analyzes the artistic interpretations of Konrad’s novel “The Heart of Darkness”. This novel contains existential motives. The existential essence of the “Heart of Darkness” is determined by the characters of the novel Mario Vargas Llosa’s “The Dream of the Celt”, which are leading a discussion on this topic.

The place of Conrad’s image in the novel “The Dream of the Celt” and its stylistic features are determined. The novel is inherent in psychology. The relationship between Conrad and Casement is transmitted psychologically deeply. Conrad’s attitude to the Irish liberation movement acquires an existential meaning.
PROBLEM OF HISTORICAL MEMORY IN M. KOSTOMAROV’S PROSE
Authors: Terekhova Iryna
Published: February 2019

In the article the author analyzes the problem of historical memory in M. Kostomarov’s prose, based on the material of the novels “Chernihovka”, “Son”, “Forty Years”. M. Kostomarov’s historioso-philosophical views are taught in the light  of the ideological and aesthetic platform of romanticism, dominant in idealizing

the historical past. It is determined that the concept of historical memory in Kostomarov’s prose is based on the ability to reproduce the color of the epoch of 16–18 centuries. It is found out that Kostomarov in his tales gives preference to such artistic principles as documentary and concentration on facts. The leading

writer’s prose in the artistic world is historicism. The subject of the image in the novels of Kostomarov is the representatives of various layers of society in different historical epochs. It has been found out that in the stories “Son”, «Chernihovka» the historical

epoch is represented by the relation of life and artistic truth. In the story “Forty Years” the problem of historical memory is considered in the interweaving of the problems of the sinful and righteous.
Mobilya Sektöründe E-Ticaret’in GZFT Analizi İle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KURT Rıfat
Published: February 2019

Globalleşen dünyamızda internet, güncel yaşamımızın vazgeçilmez bir parçası haline gelmiş ve giderek daha
yaygın bir kullanım alanı bulmaya başlamıştır. Bu sayede işletmelerin ulusal ve uluslararası pazarlara çıkması da
kolaylaşmıştır. Zamandan ve mekândan bağımsız olarak dünyanın her yerinde müşterilere alışveriş olanağı
sağlayan Elektronik Ticaret (E-Ticaret) hemen hemen her alanda kullanım imkânı bulabilmiştir. Bu alanlarından
biriside mobilya sektörüdür. Bu çalışmada Türkiye mobilya endüstrisinde E-Ticaret’te meydana gelen gelişmeler
ve sektörde yer alan işletmelere ilişkin değişimler incelenmiş, mobilya sektöründe E-Ticaret ile doğrudan veya
dolaylı olarak ilgili olan veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen değerlendirmeler neticesinde mobilya sektörüne
ilişkin GZFT analizi yapılmış ve E-Ticaret’e girmek isteyen işletmelere çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Twitter Tweetleri Üzerinden Açık Kaynak İstihbaratı Tabanlı YarıOtomatik Siber Güvenlik Modeli
Authors: EKŞİM Ali , CİVELEK İrem
Published: February 2019

Açık kaynak istihbaratı (Open Source Intelligence, OSINT), kamuya açık bilgilerin sistematik olarak toplanması,
işlenmesi ve analiz edilmesi sonucu elde edilen bilgiden istihbarat üretme disiplinidir. Açık kaynak istihbaratı
çıkarmak stratejik bir zekâ olarak görülmektedir. Siber saldırılar için açık kaynak istihbaratı çıkarmak, saldırıların
önlenmesi için yeni bir zekâ seviyesi oluşturacaktır. Sosyal medya, istihbarat için hızlı ve etkili bir kaynak
oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmalar sıfırıncı gün (zero-day) atakların, saldırı gerçekleşmeden ya da henüz çok
yayılmadan sosyal medya üzerinden tespit edilebildiğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle OSINT tabanlı saldırı önleme
sistemlerinin, siber ataklara karşı etkili bir önleme sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada OSINT tabanlı
saldırı tespit çalışmaları ile ilgili literatür taraması yapılmış aynı zamanda sosyal medya üzerinden saldırı
istihbaratı sağlandığı anda devreye giren yarı-otomatik OSINT tabanlı saldırı önleme modeli önerilmiştir. Bu
model, tweetler içerisinden istihbarat dataların çıkartılabildiği durumunda (BlackIP, virüs imzası vb.) sisteme
otomatik eklenmesini, çıkartılamadığı durumlarda saldırıyı analiz edecek uzmana en kısa sürede maksimum bilgi
sağlayacak şekilde oluşturulmuştur.
Sayısal Çözümleme Yöntemlerinin Programlanması ve Yorumlanması
Authors: PEHLİVAN Hüseyin
Published: February 2019

Sayısal hesaplama ya da diğer adıyla nümerik analiz, uygulamalı matematiğin önemli bir dalıdır. Matematiğin
analitik çözüm üretemediği veya üretilen çözümün uygulama açısından yüksek hesaplama karmaşıklığına sahip
olduğu durumlarda sayısal yöntemler kullanılır. Bu makalede, sayısal yöntemlerin programlanabilmesini
sağlayan bir programlama dilinin tasarımı yapılmış ve bu dilde yazılan kaynak kodun değerlendirmesini
yapabilen bir yorumlayıcı geliştirilmiştir. Dilin sözdizimi BNF (Backus Naur Form) notasyonunda tanımlanan
bir LL(k) grameri ile temsil edilmiştir. Yorumlayıcı, her biri kodun farklı türden yorumlamasını yapan ayrıştırıcı,
anlamsal denetleyici, simgesel türev alıcı ve kod değerlendirici gibi birkaç temel bileşenden oluşmaktadır. Dilin
sözdizim analizi için kullanılan LL(k) ayrıştırıcı bileşeni, otomatik kod üretim aracı olan JavaCC yardımıyla
üretilmiştir. Diğer bileşenler bu ayrıştırıcının oluşturduğu soyut sözdizim ağacı üzerinde çalışmaktadır. Dilin
kullanımına yönelik olarak, birkaç sayısal kök bulma yönteminin programlaması ve yorumlaması gösterilmiştir.
Bazı popüler diller ile dil metriklerine dayalı bir karşılaştırma yapılmış ve koşum zamanları değerlendirilmiştir.
Diversidad genética de genotipos partenocarpicos arbustivos de calabaza mediante marcadores genéticos moleculares
Authors: Méndez-López Alonso , Villanueva-Verduzco Clemente , Rojas-Martínez Reyna Isabel , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Colinas-León M. Teresa , Sánchez-Vega Miriam
Published: February 2019

La producción de calabaza (Cucurbita pepo L.) para verdura o calabacita bajo cubierta presenta dificultades por la falta de polinización, por tal razón, la partenocarpia es una alternativa para generar variedades de calabacita de invernadero, por lo que actualmente se realizan esfuerzos en la búsqueda de partenocarpia genética que no requiera del estímulo de la polinización, ni por factores fisiológicos a fin de que el fruto se desarrolle en forma normal hasta la madurez fisiológica. Se estudiaron molecularmente 46 genotipos partenocarpicos de calabaza arbustiva tipo round zucchini obtenidos en la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. El objetivo fue caracterizar e identificar la diversidad genética entre los genotipos a partir de la variabilidad obtenida mediante marcadores genéticos moleculares como los microsatélites del tipo ISSR (inter secuencias simples repetidas) y RAMP (polimorfismo de microsatélites amplificados al azar). Se utilizó (GATA)4 como iniciador de ISSR y la combinación de (GATA)4 con cuatro iniciadores de secuencia aleatoria de la serie A de Operon (OPA05, OPA10, OPA13 Y OPA19) para RAMP. Con las dos técnicas se obtuvo un total de 43 loci polimórficos, seis loci amplificaron con ISSR y 37 loci con RAMP. El porcentaje de loci polimórficos para ISSR fue de 100%, mientras que para RAMP fue de 91.8% de polimorfismo, se encontró alto grado de relación genética entre los genotipos partenocarpicos. Se formaron cinco grupos para ISSR y cuatro para RAMP, con distancias génicas entre 0.72 a 1.
HEZEYANLI BOZUKLUK HAKKINDA GÜNCEL VE BİLİMSEL BULGULAR
Authors: BAL Fatih , HACIOSMAN Beril Zeynep
Published: February 2019

Hezeyanlı Bozukluk, 1987 yılında
DSM-III’te yer alan ve uluslararası platformda sağlık çalışanları tarafından
tanınan psikiyatrik bir bozukluktur. ABD toplumunun genelinde hezeyanlı
bozukluğun prevelansı, %0,18’dir. Hezeyanlı bozukluğun birçok alt türü
bulunmaktadır. Bu alt türler; perseküsyon, grandiyöz, kıskançlık, somatik,
erotomanik ve karma türde sanrılardır. Bu bozukluğun tedavisinde genellikle
ilaç ile tedavi yöntemi tercih edilmektedir. Hezeyanlı bozukluğun önemine
rağmen hakkında sahip olunan bilimsel veriler sınırlıdır.Bu durumun ana sebebi,
bu bozukluğa sahip kişilerin genel işlevselliklerinde kayda değer bir düşüşün
meydana gelmemesi ve bu kişilerin tedavi arayışına girmemeleridir. Sahip olunan
bilginin sınırlı olması, insan yaşamını ciddi anlamda olumsuz etkileyebilecek
bir bozukluk olan hezeyanlı bozukluğun tanı ve tedavi sürecini sekteye
uğratabilmektedir. Hezeyanlı bozukluk hakkında mevcut bilimsel ve güvenilir
bilginin sınırlı olması, birçok bilim insanını bu bozukluğun doğasını ortaya
çıkarmaya yönelik araştırmalar yürütmeye sevk etmiştir. Bu doğrultuda yıllar
içerisinde ulusal ve uluslararası düzlemde birçok bilimsel çalışma
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; yıllar içerisinde hezeyanlı
bozukluğa dair yürütülmüş ve bozukluğun daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmuş
bilimsel literatürü inceleyerek bu bozukluğa sahip hastaların tanı ve tedavi
süreçlerinin etkinliğini arttıracağı düşünülen bilimsel ve güncel bilimsel bulguların
derlenmesidir. En dikkat çekici araştırma bulguları HLA-A-03* geni ile
hezeyanlı bozukluk arasında bir ilişkinin varlığına ve HSV 2 glikoprotein gG2
ile psikotik bozukluklar arasında bir ilişki bulunduğuna işaret eden
bulgulardır.
Kestabilan Transient Pada Sistem Kelistrikan Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Halik Andi Abdul
Published: February 2019

Abstrak— Dalam penelitian ini kita mengamati sistem dalam kondisi transien dan membuat perkiraan batas kestabilan. Hal ini diperlukan untuk mendesain sistem sedemikian hingga mampu menahan gangguan besar. Studi ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan simulasi gangguan hubung singkat 3 phasa pada saluran transmisi bus Tello 150 kV. Studi ini menghasilkan perkiraan batas kestabilan berupa waktu pemutusan gangguan dalam saluran yang nilainya didapat dari batas waktu kehilangan sinkronisasi (loss of synchronism). Batas waktu tersebut menjadi acuan dalam setting peralatan proteksi di saluran transmisi untuk menghindari dampak negatif yang lebih besar akibat adanya gangguan. Simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Matlab, hasil simulasi memperihatkan bahwa lama gangguan dan letak gangguan hubung singkat 3 phasa, mempengaruhi kestabilan transien. Pada simulasi menunjukkan waktu pemutusan kritis tercepat diperoleh di saluran Tello – Tello Lama sebesar 0.125 detik.Kata kunci: Kestabilan Transien, Hubung Singkat , Waktu Pemutusan Kritis
Sistem Kontrol Pendingin Mobil Ramah Lingkungan Berbasis Android
Authors: Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin
Published: February 2019

Abstrak— Pada saat ini banyak pendingin ruangan (AC) pada kendaraan mobil tanpa menggunakan sistem kontrol dimana ketika suhu yang di inginkan sudah tercapai maka ON OFF dilakukan secara manual dan penggunakan freon sebagai media pendingin sangat mengganggu lingkungan. Misalnya pada kendaraan mobil dan sistem pendingin ruangannya (AC) menggunakan freon. Freon memiliki nilai global warming potential yang sangat tinggi. Jika terurai ke udara, bahan ini dapat menyebabkan rusaknya struktur lapisan ozon. Salah satu solusi untuk dapat mengontrol suhu ruangan kendaraan dengan menambah sistem pengendali suhu. Salah satu keuntungan dari pengontrol suhu adalah dapat mengatur suhu yang di inginkan secara otomatis dan menggunakan elemen peltier, karena media pendingin tersebut ramah lingkungan di karenakan tanpa menggunakan Freon. Pada sistem kontrol pendingin mobil ramah lingkungan berbasis android ini digunakan Arduino nano, LM35, Peltier, HC-05, dan Smart Phone. Kata kunci: Arduino nano, fan DC, HC-05,  LM35, Peltier, dan Smart Phone Abstract— At this time a lot of air conditioner (AC) on the vehicle without using a control system where when the desired temperature has been reached then ON/OFF done manually and use freon as cooling medium is very disturbing environment. For example in a car vehicle and air conditioning system (AC) using freon. Freon has a very high global warming potential value. If decomposed into the air, this material can cause damage to the ozone layer structure. One solution to be able to control the temperature of the vehicle room by adding a temperature control system. One of the advantages of the temperature controller is to set the desired temperature automatically and use peltier elements, because the cooling medium is environmentally friendly in because without using Freon. On the control system of environment-friendly car cooling android-based is used Arduino nano, LM35, Peltier, HC-05, and Smart Phone. Keywords: Arduino nano,  fan DC; HC-05,  LM35; Peltier,  and Smart Phone