bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear evolution of space synthetic electric field in positive DC corona mode transition
Authors: Nie Jiayi , Fan Xing , Xiang Nianwen , Li Kejie , Huang Shengxin , Chen Weijiang
Published: August 2023

Positive corona discharge in the air exists under several distinctive forms depending on DC voltage amplitude, including pulses or pulseless glow. Previous studies obtained the current and optical image characteristics of corona discharge through experiments. However, the synthesized electric field characteristics of the different corona modes have not been deeply studied by experiments, and lack of sufficient understanding of the effect of space charges. In this paper, electro-optical modulation technology is used to investigate the characteristics of the space synthetic electric field (SSE) for positive DC corona modes transition. The experimental results show the significant nonlinear evolution characteristics of the SSE and discharge modes transition with the increase of applied voltage. In the pulsed mode, the SSE first changes slowly and then increases sharply. As the applied voltage increases, the discharge mode transition from pulse mode to pulseless glow mode, while the SSE changes slowly. The electric field change rate in the sharp increase is 2–3 times that in the slow change. Dynamic accumulation behavior of space charges is the main reason for the nonlinear evolution of the SSE. When the pulse current starts, the discharge amplitude and frequency are low, and the ions are far away from the ionization region, which has little effect on the migration process of the high field strength region and subsequent ions. With the increase of the applied voltage, the continuous accumulation of positive ions enhances the migration of subsequent positive ions, thereby rapidly increasing the SSE. During the glow discharge mode, the generation and dissipation of space charges are close to dynamic equilibrium, and the fusion of multiple positive ion clouds will increase the SSE.
Width-dependent band gap of arm-chair graphene nanoribbons formed on vicinal SiC substrates by MBE
Authors: Iimori Takushi , Miyamachi Toshio , Kajiwara Takashi , Mase Kazuhiko , Tanaka Satoru , Komori Fumio , Nakatsuji Kan
Published: August 2023

Formation and electronic states of graphene nanoribbons with arm-chair edges (AGNR) are studied on the SiC(0001) vicinal surfaces toward the [

1

1
ˉ

00

] direction. The surface step and terrace structures of both 4H and 6H-SiC substrates are used as the growth templates of one-dimensional arrays of AGNRs, which are prepared using the carbon molecular beam epitaxy followed by hydrogen intercalation. A band gap is observed above the π-band maximum by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) for the both samples. The average widths of the AGNRs are 6 and 10 nm, and the estimated average band gaps are 0.40 and 0.28 eV for the 4H- and 6H- substrates, respectively. A simple and phenomenological inverse relation between the energy gap and AGNR width works in the analyses of the ARPES data.
Enhancing thickness determination of nanoscale dielectric films in phase diffraction-based optical characterization systems with radial basis function neural networks
Authors: Ataç Enes , Karatay Anıl , Dinleyici Mehmet Salih
Published: August 2023

Accurate determination of the optical properties of ultra-thin dielectric films is an essential and challenging task in optical fiber sensor systems. However, nanoscale thickness identification of these films may be laborious due to insufficient and protracted classical curve matching algorithms. Therefore, this experimental study presents an application of a radial basis function neural network in phase diffraction-based optical characterization systems to determine the thickness of nanoscale polymer films. The non-stationary measurement data with environmental and detector noise were subjected to a detailed analysis. The outcomes of this investigation are benchmarked against the linear discriminant analysis method and further verified by means of scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the neural network has reached a remarkable accuracy of 98% and 82.5%, respectively, in tests with simulation and experimental data. In this way, rapid and precise thickness estimation may be realized within the tolerance range of 25 nm, offering a significant improvement over conventional measurement techniques.
Tunable and white light photoluminescence from ZnO on porous Si with the addition of carbon quantum dots
Authors: Hourdakis E , Bardakas A , Segkos A , Tsilivaki S , Gardelis S , Tsamis C
Published: August 2023

In this work we demonstrate a two-pixel solid-state photoluminescent device able to emit white light covering the entire visible spectrum from 380 nm up to 800 nm. The device is based on a combination of porous Si, hydrothermally grown ZnO and carbon quantum dots, in a two-pixel formation, with porous Si and ZnO acting independently while the carbon quantum dots are deposited on top of the entire device. All processing is done using standard Si processing techniques. Moreover, the device design allows for tunability of the emitted spectrum simply by choosing the desired combination of the materials. Overall, the demonstrated device is low cost, environmentally safe and biocompatible.
An implementation of Hasselmann’s paradigm for stochastic climate modelling based on stochastic Lie transport
*
Authors: Crisan D , Holm D D , Korn P
Published: August 2023

A generic approach to stochastic climate modelling is developed for the example of an idealised Atmosphere-Ocean model that rests upon Hasselmann’s paradigm for stochastic climate models. Namely, stochasticity is incorporated into the fast moving atmospheric component of an idealised coupled model by means of stochastic Lie transport, while the slow moving ocean model remains deterministic. More specifically the stochastic model stochastic advection by Lie transport (SALT) is constructed by introducing stochastic transport into the material loop in Kelvin’s circulation theorem. The resulting stochastic model preserves circulation, as does the underlying deterministic climate model. A variant of SALT called Lagrangian-averaged (LA)-SALT is introduced in this paper. In LA-SALT, we replace the drift velocity of the stochastic vector field by its expected value. The remarkable property of LA-SALT is that the evolution of its higher moments are governed by deterministic equations. Our modelling approach is substantiated by establishing local existence results, first, for the deterministic climate model that couples compressible atmospheric equations to incompressible ocean equation, and second, for the two stochastic SALT and LA-SALT models.
Revealing the gaps in solar spectrum: a DIY spectrometer for observing Fraunhofer lines
Authors: Cahill Gary
Published: August 2023

The observation of spectral gaps in the solar spectrum provides valuable information about the composition of the Sun and the Earths atmosphere. This paper outlines how a simple setup with a Bic Shine pen and a modified CD can be used as a simple spectrometer with sufficient resolution to observe Fraunhofer lines. The experiment allows individuals to engage in first-hand observation of the spectral gaps, promoting a deeper understanding of the underlying physical principles and their implications in physics and astronomy. From the absorption lines in the Sun’s spectrum, we can infer that stars, including distant ones, share similar characteristics. These absorption lines are a result of the interaction between light and the elements present in the Sun’s atmosphere. Since stars are essentially similar to our Sun, their spectra also exhibit absorption lines, allowing us to extend our knowledge and affirm that stars are, in fact, suns themselves.
Effects of the oxygen source configuration on the superconducting properties of internally-oxidized internal-Sn Nb3Sn wires
Authors: Bovone G , Buta F , Lonardo F , Bagni T , Bonura M , LeBoeuf D , Hopkins S C , Boutboul T , Ballarino A , Senatore C
Published: August 2023

We successfully manufactured 12-filament rod-in-tube Nb3Sn wires with oxide nanoparticles formed by the internal oxidation method. We employed Nb-7.5 wt%Ta-1 wt%Zr and Nb-7.5 wt%Ta-2 wt% Hf alloys along with oxygen sources (OSs) in two different configurations—in the core of Nb filaments (coreOS) and at the boundary between the filaments and the Cu tube (annularOS)—to assess the influence of the OS layout on the superconducting properties and grain size. The simultaneous presence of the OS and of Hf or Zr reduced the average Nb3Sn grain size to around 50 nm, leading to an enhancement of the layer critical current density (Jc
) up to 3000 A mm−2 at 4.2 K and 16 T for the Hf-annularOS wire. Samples manufactured with an OS show a shift toward higher reduced magnetic fields of the position of the maximum in pinning-force density, this shift being more pronounced when SnO2 is added in the annularOS configuration, and for the Hf-containing samples. This enhanced pinning at higher magnetic field is beneficial for high-field magnet applications. Moreover, we measured a very high upper critical field, reaching 29.3 T at 4.2 K in the Hf-annularOS samples.
Single-photon ionization of aligned H
2+
with near-ionization-threshold photon energy
Authors: Che Jiayin , Zhang Fabin , Li Weiyan , Chen Chao , Chen Yanjun
Published: August 2023

We study single-photon ionization of aligned H

2
+

in a high-frequency low-intensity laser field. We focus on the cases where the laser frequency is near to or somewhat larger than the ionization potential of the target. The calculated photoelectron momentum distribution through numerical solution of time-dependent Schrödinger equation shows clear interference patterns. However, different from the cases of photon energy far larger than the ionization potential usually explored in experiments, the positions of interference maxima and minima for the present cases can not be explained by the interference of the electronic wave with the observed momentum between these two atomic centers of the molecule. By developing a theory model applicable for ionization of molecules in high-frequency laser field, we show that the Coulomb potential plays an important role in the momentum component of the emitting electronic wave near the nuclei, resulting in a remarkable shift of the interference pattern. A simple expression with Coulomb-modified momentum is obtained to predict the interference extrema, which gives suggestions for probing the structure and electron dynamics of the aligned molecule in single-photon ionization with lower photon energy.
Effect of plasma confinement on laser ablation propulsion parameters by using external semi-elliptical cavities for Aluminum and Silver propellants
Authors: Ahmad Ehtisham , Nazeer Nasba , Saeed Humaima , Younus Ayesha
Published: August 2023

Ablative laser propulsion (ALP) is a type of beam-powered propulsion in which thrust is produced by ablating a target using a high-intensity laser beam. In this research work, we calculated the ALP parameters momentum coupling coefficient (Cm) and specific impulse (Isp) by confining the plasma with the help of external semi-elliptical cavities. The cavity minor axis was fixed at 2.5 mm while the major axis varied to 7 mm, 9 mm, 11 mm, 13 mm and 15 mm. Silver and aluminum samples were used as propellants. A pulsed Q-smart Nd:YAG laser operating at 532 nm wavelength was used to ablate the target. A significant increase in the value of Cm and Isp was observed using confined ablative propulsion. The highest Cm and Isp were recorded for the 9 mm major axis cavity, for which Cm was increased from 5.01 × 10−5 N-s/J to1.75 × 10−4 nearly 249% for silver and from 3.4 × 10−5 N-s/J to 8.9 × 10−5 N-s/J nearly 161% for aluminum. Hence the use of semielliptical cavities is an effective technique for enhancing propulsion parameters. Cavity acts as a trap for plasma and shockwaves. Confinement of plasma and reflection of shockwaves from the cavity walls results in enhanced laser ablation propulsion parameters.
Measuring the Hubble constant using strongly lensed gravitational wave signals
Authors: Huang Shun-Jia , Hu Yi-Ming , Chen Xian , Zhang Jian-dong , Li En-Kun , Gao Zucheng , Lin Xin-yi
Published: August 2023

The measurement of the Hubble constant H
0 plays an important role in the study of cosmology.
In this work, we propose a new method to constrain the Hubble constant using the strongly lensed gravitational wave (SLGW) signals.
Through reparameterization, we find that the lensed waveform is sensitive to the H
0.
Assuming the scenario that no electromagnetic counterpart of the GW source can be identified, our method can still give meaningful constraints on the H
0 with the information of the lens redshift.
We then apply Fisher information matrix and Markov Chain Monte Carlo to evaluate the potential of this method.
For the space-based GW detector, TianQin, the H
0 can be constrained within a relative error of ∼ 1% with a single SLGW event.
Conservation efforts of Shorea balangeran in oil palm landscape: case study from Central Kalimantan
Authors: Ramadhan G F , Bosar A , Yusran ‘A , Sahari B
Published: August 2023

Shorea balangeran is a threatened species native to Indonesia that can only be found in Sumatra and Borneo. Lack of information on the ecology of S. balangeran, including its distribution and abundance, becomes our difficulty in conserving the species. The aim of the research was to study the distribution and abundance of S. balangeran and its conservation status. Ecological sampling was conducted in a conserved area in the oil palm landscape in Central Kalimantan. S. balangeran was surveyed by using a census approach to determine the status of the species in a forest patch of about 539 ha. A total of 1.133 individuals of S. balangeran were counted during the observation period. Pole type was found to be dominant, in contrast, tree type was the smallest. Sampling collection was performed to ensure the regeneration of the species. There were about 1.400 saplings maintained in the nursery. Conservation efforts on a small scale, a total of 18.104 seedlings were planted in several locations. This finding suggests that dedicated land for the conservation areas in oil palm landscapes is the key to ensuring the regeneration of S. balangeran. The Implication of those findings toward a wider scale of plant conservation is discussed.
Seagrass soil carbon at two different designation zones in Karimunjawa National Park
Authors: Renyaan J , Lestari D F , Burhanudin R I , Srimuriana E S , Alifatri L O , Safaat M , Zulpikar F , Rasyidin A , Sunuddin A , Alghifari M N , Rifai H
Published: August 2023

This study aims to reveal the potential of sediment carbon in seagrass ecosystems in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP). Two seagrass sites located at two different zones in KNP were chosen as study sites i.e., Menjangan Besar (utilization zone) and Sintok (protection zone). There were nine soil cores for each 100×100 m2site. There were three parameters used for estimating soil carbon stock i.e., compaction factor, dry bulk density, and Corg content (% soil dry weight). To collect the seagrass sediment, a PVC corer (length of 80 cm and diameter of 5.5 cm) was applied. Laboratory analysis showed that soil carbon stock at Sintok is 63.54±16.96 MgCorg/ha (mean±SE) in the top 58 cm of soil, whereas at Menjangan Besar is 65.32±11.71 MgCorg/ha (mean±SE) in the top 65 cm of soil. The result of T-test analysis showed that there was no significant difference in soil carbon stock between two sites. These seagrass soil carbon values highlight the need for implementing better management strategies in conserving seagrass ecosystems, particularly in managing zoning areas in KNP.
A community-based approach to livestock disease control in Subang Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Lindawati  , Khie S
Published: August 2023

Livestock is a leading commodity in Subang Regency. Besides, Subang is one of the national priority commodity development areas for beef cattle. An innovative way is required to handle resource constraints and achieve the targeted goals. The research describes the community-based livestock disease control innovation, “Paket Hemat”, in Subang Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. It used the case study method. Data was collected using documentation studies and interviews. This innovation unites and empowers the community of breeders in Subang Regency. The breeders were trained to become skilled in maintaining their livestock’s health and provide initial treatment when they have an illness, supervised by the Livestock and Animal Health Agency. Veterinarians or paramedics will handle further medical assistance if the initial treatment cannot overcome the problems. In 2017, 60 breeders were trained, and this increased to 120 breeders from 30 sub-districts in 2020. The evaluation results showed a decrease in livestock disease and an increase in livestock population from 2018 to 2020 in Subang Regency. Better livestock health status can increase livestock productivity and breeders’ welfare. Thus, disease control can reinforce the livestock’s role in poverty reduction and improve people’s welfare.
Bird diversity in several land use types in Boyolali, Central Java
Authors: Rohman S N , Mardiastuti A , Mulyani Y A
Published: August 2023

Land use changes were thought to affect the diversity and feeding guilds of bird species. This research aims to determine the effect of five land use types (rice fields, settlements, cropland, tree plantation, and secondary forest) on species diversity and feeding guilds of bird species in Boyolali Regency. Methods used were the standard point count and the MacKinnon species list. Bird data were analyzed using the Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, and Sorensen community similarity. The total species recorded was 46 species from 26 families. The land use types with the lowest to the highest number of species are settlements, rice field, tree plantations, cropland, and secondary forests. The highest number of species found was in secondary forest (n = 25), along with the highest richness (DMg= 4.17), diversity (H′ = 2.689), and evenness (J′ = 0.835) indices. Although the secondary forest has the highest number of species and indices, other land uses in rural areas also serve as good bird habitats. The insectivorous, frugivorous, and granivorous guilds were found in all land use types. The carnivorous guilds were only found in secondary forests.
Weed diversity in oil palm plantation: benefit from the unexpected ground cover community
Authors: Sahari B , Hendarjanti H , Yusran A , Ibrahim M I M , Ramadhan G F , Prabowo R
Published: August 2023

Weeds in oil palm plantations are commonly associated with harmful ground cover species that can compete with oil palm at some level. Here, we discuss weeds from the perspective of communities impacting other taxonomic groups of agro-biodiversity in oil palm plantations. Differences in the age of oil palm in large-scale plantations affect micro conditions such as differences in canopy cover, light intensity, and humidity. The young oil palm provides less canopy, which allows more sunlight on the plantation floor, whereas older plantation supports less canopy with lower light intensity. Each weed species has a different level of adaptation to changing micro conditions. The adaptation differences affect the composition, distribution, and community structure of weeds and thus affect the diversity of other related taxa. We tried to observe the relationship between oil palm age and weeds. This results showed that the structure of the weed community changed with the age difference of the oil palm plant. The younger oil palm plantations supported a higher number of weed species compared to older plantations. The management of oil palm plantations needs to maintain the sustainability of beneficial weed species to ensure the contribution of existing agro-biodiversity, especially for pest control.
Morphophysiology of indigenous vegetable Sintrong (Crassocephalum crepidiodes) from several areas in West Java
Authors: Kurniawati A , Utama U M R , Aziz E S , Faridah D N
Published: August 2023

Sintrong (Crassocephalum repidiodes) is an indigenous vegetable in several regions in Indonesia. It is nutritious and contains bioactive ingredients that are beneficial to health. Although it has been consumed as a vegetable, it has not been cultivated so people only harvest it from nature. The study aimed to obtain information about its morphological and physiological characteristics to develop cultivation technology. In situ exploration was conducted in three areas namely Bogor, Cianjur, and Purwakarta in the highlands and lowlands. Observations were made on morphological and physiological characters, namely leaf characters, pigment content, flavonoids, and phenol content. The results showed that there were 4 accession groups based on morphophysiological characters. In addition, all accessions showed that they contained beneficial non-nutritive chemical components, namely flavonoids in the range of 1152.39-1596.15 mg QE 100 g−1dry matter and total phenol 722.96-2345.97 mg GAE 100 g−1dry matter.
Mortality, Development and Nutrient Content of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) Maintained on Different Types of Household Organic Waste
Authors: Amri N N , Ardiasani S , Elvira N , Putri L S E , Sahari B
Published: August 2023

Black Soldier Fly (BSF) has been well studied for many purposes including its utilization as fish feed and decomposer of organic waste. At the grassroots level, this species is used for alleviating the household waste problem, however, long-term mass rearing becomes challenging due to the high mortality and declining size of larvae, and its nutritional content as an alternative to fish feed becomes a question. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of different types of household organic waste on larval development, mortality rate, and nutrient content when larvae enter pre pupa stage. Seven days old larvae were maintained with five different types of fresh household organic waste, vegetable waste, animal waste, and mixed waste with three different combinations between vegetable and animal waste with proportions 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. There are five units for each treatment with each unit containing 50 larvae. Larval morphometry and volumetry, Waste Reduction Index/WRI, Survival Rate/SR, and proximate analysis were observed. Types of Organic household waste significantly affect the mortality, development, and nutrient content of BSF larvae. BSF larvae maintained with a combination of vegetable waste and animal waste with a ratio of 3:1 have a better quality in terms of mortality, development, and nutrient content.
The dynamic of mangroves and ponds changes in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Prakoso D A R , Hakim L , Pratama D R , Prananda A R A , Bayyan M M , Hidayat T , Fajariyanto Y
Published: August 2023

‘More than 50% of Indonesia’s mangrove is lost over the last 30 years, which makes Indonesia has the fastest rate of mangrove destruction in the world. East Kalimantan Province has the third largest mangrove in Indonesia, behind Papua and Riau Province. Mangroves in East Kalimantan experienced great pressure from land conversion into ponds. Hence, this study focuses on mangrove and pond conversion trendlines based on 3 times spatial analyses using an automated method through the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform using Landsat from 1990, 2000, and Sentinel 2019 imagery data. The total area of mangroves identified in 1990 was 268,147 Ha, in 2000 was 227,202 Ha or a decrease by 15%, and in 2019 was 215,514 Ha or a decrease by 5%. The amount of mangrove area that continues to decrease is aligned with the pond increasing in all East Kalimantan that identified in 1990 was 9,935 Ha, then extremely increase until in 2000 identified an area of 61,083 Ha and increased again in 2019 to reach 86,471 Ha. The analysis shows that it is dominated by the conversion of mangroves to ponds throughout East Kalimantan reaching 65% of the total reduction that occurred both in the period 1990-2000 and 2000-2019.
The effect of different combinations of biological fertilizer and different doses of chemical fertilizer on the severity of late blight on potato plants
Authors: Jihadi A , Nikmatullah A , Sarjan M
Published: August 2023

Late blight disease is one of the problems faced by potato farmers. Chemical fertilizer and biological fertilizer (bio-fertilizer) reported have a potential to control late blight disease. However, there is a lack of research on the effect of combining the use of different types of bio-fertilizers with different doses of chemical fertilizers in potato plants to late blight disease. This study aims to analyze the effect of combining different types of bio-fertilizers and doses of chemical fertilizers on late blight disease in potato plants. This research was conducted from June to August in Sembalun District, West Nusa Tenggara Province. This study used fifteen combination treatments of bio-fertilizers and doses of chemical fertilizers. Each of these treatments included: A (control); B, C, D, E (bio-fertilizers, without chemical fertilizers); Treatment F, G, H, I (bio-fertilizers, chemical fertilizers 100%); J, K, L, M (bio-fertilizers, chemical fertilizers 50%); N (without bio-fertilizer, 100% chemical fertilizer) and O (without bio-fertilizer, chemical fertilizer 50%). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the effect of the combination of different bio-fertilizers and doses of chemical fertilizers on late blight severity.
Diversity of arboreal ants in several types of land use in the Harapan Forest Landscape, Jambi
Authors: Desriana R , Buchori D , Maryana N
Published: August 2023

The forest area in Jambi remains at 17.25%, while the area of rubber and oil palm plantations reaches 35.54% of Jambi’s total area. Habitat transformation can reduce insect diversity and their ecosystem services. This study aims to analyze the effect of deforestation on the diversity and abundance of arboreal ants in the Harapan Forest landscape. Sampling was carried out from June to August 2017 using the fogging method. The identification was carried out at the Laboratory of Biological Control, Department of Plant Protection, IPB University, from October 2021 to August 2022. Data analysis using R studio vegan and ggplot2 packages. The results showed that the highest abundance of arboreal ants was found in the forest, with an abundance of 3106 individuals. The lowest was in the rubber plantation, with an abundance of 229 individuals. The highest arboreal ant richness was found in the riparian forest with 33 genera, and the lowest arboreal ant richness was found in rubber plantations with 16 genera. It was concluded that deforestation caused a decrease in the abundance and richness of arboreal ants, for riparian and non-riparian habitats for each land use had no significant effect on the abundance and richness of arboreal ants.
Understanding the socio-ecological system of small-scale octopus fisheries in North Minahasa to achieve sustainable certification
Authors: Wicaksono V A , Nasution A M , Putriraya A R , Digdo A
Published: August 2023

This study aims to comprehend the challenges and opportunities to implement certification in the small-scale octopus fisheries in North Minahasa through the Socio-ecological System (SES). The background of this research is because Indonesian octopus has a potential for export. However, octopus was listed under concern due to unsustainable fisheries practices. In addition, the export activity must be accompanied by an eco-label certification scheme such as Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Fair Trade (FT). This study used a qualitative case study by online interviews with stakeholders such as fishers, middlemen, exporters, and the government-non government organization. The result was that local actors started to become aware of the octopus improvement program through cooperation with an NGO in a program called Rumah Boboca; hence, it is not ready to implement certification. The recommendation is to support improvement with an octopus national management plan (RPP) and a basic Fishery Improvement Project (FIP).
The brownfield revival: experts’ perceptions on the decommissioning of San Juan Memorial Park, La Union, Philippines
Authors: Peralta M A , Navarra N
Published: August 2023

The public’s demand for more open spaces as brought about by the effects of the pandemic has resulted in increased interest in an existing brownfield in La Union. The San Juan Municipal Cemetery is located along the National Highway, near the existing tourism destination of the municipality. Its presence has raised concerns about it being a visual blight as it is visible from the highway. According to the Comprehensive Land-Use Plan (CLUP) of the Municipality of San Juan, La Union (SJLA), the existing Municipal (People’s) Park is 11,500 square meters (sqm). The 2022 Area Requirement for SJLU’s recreational spaces is estimated at 30,907 square meters (sqm). However, the lack of recreational function and facilities of the San Juan Municipal Cemetery may lead to its removal from the total open space for recreational spaces, resulting in the reduction of the total area to only 19,407 square meters (sqm). This may affect the capacity of the municipality to provide for the residents’ recreational needs, forcing the residents to travel to other cities for their recreational needs. This leads to the examination of the function of memorial parks in their everyday function, their significance in the economic development, environmental risks, and tourism value for the residents. Using a descriptive methodology in gathering insights from the relevant Experts on culture, environment, culture, and tourism, the research found the necessity of converting this memorial park into a culturally-relevant space that reflects the identity of the residents while at the same time improving the tourism image of the municipality.
Sustainability status of water management in oil palm plantations in peatlands: a case study in Koto Gasib District, Siak Regency, Riau Province
Authors: Purnamayani R , Tarigan S D , Sudradjat  , Syahbuddin H , Dariah A
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sustainability status of water management of oil palm plantations on peatlands and provide recommendations for water management. This research was conducted in Teluk Rimba Village, Koto Gasib District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The sustainability analysis used was Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). The sustainability status category in this study is based on four basic scales (0-100); 24.9 (poor); 25-49.9 (less); 50-74.9 (enough); and > 75 (good), then a leverage analysis is performed to assess sensitive attributes. The results showed that water management in Koto Gasib District is in a very sustainable status with a value of 84.17. In the environmental dimension, land fertility is the most important aspect of oil palm productivity. In the economic dimension, farming capital and access to marketing are sensitive attributes. The social dimension has the most sensitive attributes. The technology dimension has two sensitive attributes, namely information and the introduction of water management technology as well as oil palm cultivation. The recommendations given are implementing a partnership in water management between private oil palm plantations and smallholder plantations.
Challenges of transforming Indonesia’s circular economy in the context of electric vehicle policy
Authors: Wulansari I , Aziz V
Published: August 2023

The circular economy is the application of sustainable industrial behavior through the implementation of low-carbon technology. Electric vehicles are one of the low-carbon technologies that are a priority for sustainable business policies in Indonesia. Ecological modernization is characterized by the existence of policy-based structures and mechanisms that support sustainable technologies. The ecological modernization study observed in this paper is a policy instrument for developing sustainable infrastructure and technology that supports sustainable business through Presidential Regulation Number 55 of 2019. In addition, the government has issued a ban on nickel ore exports since January 1, 2020. However, the ban on Indonesia’s nickel ore exports has become a free trade dispute through the European Union’s lawsuit to the WTO (World Trade Organization). The transformation of Indonesia’s circular economic policy faces the dilemma of the global free trade structure. Furthermore, the transformation of Indonesia’s circular economy policy provides a perspective that ecological modernization is a business with a new, greener face that does not touch the transformation of the order of power relations in a just global structure. However, the circular economy narrative focuses more on the agenda of building business opportunities that lacks narratives on the reorganization of ecological relations.
A polarization-dependent near-infrared metamaterial absorber based on the hybrid halide perovskite in two orthogonal directions
Authors: Lei Shuo , Ren Hang , Ouyang Mingzhao , Yang Bowei , Wu Jinshuang , Zhong Chuyi , Fu Yuegang
Published: August 2023

A wide-angle and polarization-sensitive metamaterial absorber is highly desired for near-infrared optical applications, such as stealth coatings, photovoltaic materials, and detectors. Although current near-infrared metamaterial absorbers achieve high absorption rates, they are typically either polarization-independent or only sensitive to one direction. Herein, a (CH3NH3)PbBr3-based perfect absorber with high absorption in both orthogonal directions and polarization sensitivity has been designed. The maximum absorption in the transverse magnetic (TM)-polarized light exceeds 99.6% at 800–1000 nm. The maximum absorption in the transverse electric (TE)-polarized light exceeds 98.9% at 1500–1800 nm, and the peak absorption is more than 84.3% at 1800–2200 nm using finite-difference time-domain methods. By modifying various structural parameters, the absorption of the absorber could be separately shifted in a wide wavelength region. In addition, the designed absorber maintains good performance at large angles of incidence. This structure can be applied to other hybrid perovskite materials by simply changing the structural parameters. These results present a huge potential for applications based on metamaterial absorbers, such as infrared polarization imaging, selective spectral detection, near-infrared sensing, and polarization multiplexing.
Structural optimization of orthopedic hip implant using parametric and non-parametric optimization techniques
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad , Mubashar Aamir , Uddin Emad
Published: August 2023

This research investigates the reduction in weight of hip implant by the application of parametric and non-parametric optimization techniques. Orthopaedic hip implants can be made from metals, ceramics, composites, or metallic alloys and are generally solid structures. The stiffness of orthopaedic hip implant is a pertaining problem when implanted in the human body as Hip implant are stiffer than bone material and causes stress shielding. This results in bone weakening which causes osteoporosis. Reduction in mass of femur stem results in stiffness reduction of femur stem. Non-Parametric topology optimization results in 34.9% mass reduction and parametric optimization based on Central Composite Design technique in Design of Experiments (DoE) uses hole diameters as parameters and performs structural optimization that results in 22% mass reduction.
Conformable packaging of a soft pressure sensor for tactile perception
Authors: Das Subham , Bhattacharjee Mitradip , Thiyagarajan Karthick , Kodagoda Sarath
Published: August 2023

Humans can perceive surface properties of an unfamiliar object without relying solely on vision. One way to achieve it is by physically touching the object. This human-inspired tactile perception is a complementary skill for robotic tactile perception. Robot perception depends on the informational quality of the tactile sensor; thus, packaging sensors and integrating them with robots plays a crucial role. In this work, we investigate the influence of conformable packaging designs on soft polydimethylsiloxane-based flexible pressure sensors that work in a variety of surface conditions and load levels. Four different 3D printed packaging designs capable of maintaining sensor trends have been developed. The low detection limits of 0.7 kPa and 0.1 kPa in the piezoresistive and piezocapacitive sensors, respectively, remain unaffected, and a performance variation as low as 30% is observed. Coefficient of variation and sensitivity studies have also been performed. Limit tests show that the designs can handle large forces ranging from 500 N to more than a 1000 N. Lastly, a qualitative study was performed, which covered prospective use-case scenarios as well as the advantages and downsides of each sensor casing design. Overall, the findings indicate that each sensor casing is distinct and best suited for tactile perception when interacting with objects, depending on surface properties.
A metasurface integrated shared aperture antenna for Sub-6 GHz applications
Authors: Das Priyanka , Rao Dhulipalla Venkata , BTP Madhav
Published: August 2023

A shared aperture antenna resonating at two sub-6 GHz fRequencies with frequency ratio 1.4 is proposed. A hybrid metasurface constituting two different types of band-stop FSS unit cells resonating at the same frequencies as that of the antenna is placed below it for simultaneous 4 dB gain enhancement of each antenna element at the resonant frequencies. Isolation of more than 35 dB is obtained in both the frequency bands. Equivalent circuit models of the bandstop FSSs have been proposed to explain their physical operation. The two antenna elements have been fed differently for minimising the isolation between them. The first antenna has a CPW feed line. The second antenna has a microstrip feed line. Compared to other existing works, the proposed design is compact and low profile having an aperture size of 50 mm by 52 mm, which makes it suitable for applications of dual sub-6 5 G frequency bands 3–4 GHz and 4.9–5.4 GHz. A prototype of the proposed shared aperture antenna integrated with the hybrid metasurface has been fabricated and measured as a proof of concept. Measured results are in close agreement with the full-wave simulated results.
Investigation of the vibration behavior of nano piezoelectric rod using surface effects and non-local elasticity theory
Authors: Arpanahi Reza Ahmadi , Hosseini Hashemi Kamiar , Mohammadi Bijan , Hosseini Hashemi Shahrokh
Published: August 2023

Due to the importance of the analysis of piezoelectric nanorods and the different conditions they are exposed to in engineering problems, in this research, for the first time, both nonlocal elasticity theory and surface energy theory have been used simultaneously to model a piezoelectric nanorod. The natural frequency values of the system have been extracted using the Galerkin weighted residual method. By applying an external excitation voltage, the forced vibrations of nonlocal nanorods with surface effects are presented. The results are reported for different vibrational modes, and the impact of different parameters such as dimensions, nonlocal parameters, and surface effects are investigated. The results of this study prove that the nonlocal elastic theory is more effective than the surface energy theory on the vibration behavior of piezoelectric nanorods. Also, the effect of piezoelectric properties is strengthened due to the nanoscale of the rods.
Not choosing pathology: An essay-based survey of first-year clinical residents
Authors: Borbat Artyom , Novikova Tatiana , Yaroslavtsev Maxim , Bychkov Andrey
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Health care systems worldwide are facing a shortage in the pathology workforce that could negatively affect health care services, particularly oncology. To address this potential shortfall, the pathology community must identify the reasons why graduating students are not choosing pathology as a specialty.

Methods

We analyzed 226 free-text essay responses submitted by nonpathology residents at a teaching hospital. We used a general inductive approach and quantitative analysis to identify the barriers that prevent medical college graduates from choosing pathology as a specialty.

Results

Residents at our institution view pathology similar to residents from other countries, with the main obstacles to choosing pathology as a specialty being a perception that it lacks practical application to patient care or provides “no real help” and has a lack of patient interaction. In Russia specifically, there is a focus on the perceived negative aspects of autopsy as a barrier to selecting pathology. Less significant factors that may be based more on stereotypes than reality include the expectation that the work is not engaging, the emotional burden, and the occupational risks.

Conclusions

For medical students who place less importance on patient interaction, addressing these secondary factors could help select potential pathologists during students’ undergraduate years.
Supporting Relational, Trauma-Informed Social Care Work with Autistic Adults: Evaluation of a Reflective Supervision Group Pilot
Authors: Hallinan Patrick , McMahon Aisling
Published: August 2023

There is a growing body of literature highlighting the need for reflective supervision to support the often complex and challenging practice of social care workers. The current study aimed to explore an Irish social care team’s experience of a pilot reflective supervision group. The study participants were six male social care workers supporting autistic adults in the community. The team met for four one-monthly group supervision sessions, facilitated by an external supervisor. A reflective, relational approach was taken to the supervisory work, using role-play, free association and the Seven-Eyed model of supervision. At the end of the four-month pilot, participants completed a brief questionnaire to evaluate the supervision group experience. Thematic analysis of the participants’ open responses revealed the following themes: (i) increased insight/empathy; (ii) experiential learning; (iii) enhanced awareness/skills in relational practice; (iv) personal resilience; (v) team resilience; and (vi) emotional challenges. The study results suggest the potential importance of reflective supervision in boosting resilience, motivation and emotional insight when supporting people with unique relational needs.
A Sociological Reading of Statutory Social Work and Irish Corporate Governmentality: On the Death of Creativity
Authors: Flynn Susan , Whelan Joe
Published: August 2023

The corporate and neo-liberal governance of Irish social work, and a strangle-hold of legal-rational reasoning on the profession, has led statutory social work to be increasingly alienated from its traditional commitment to radical change in the pursuit of true social justice. Whilst this case has already been made, we set out to extend debates around an ‘epistemic schism’ in social work through a sociological critique of creativity. The demise of creativity arguably lies in the fettering of social work by corporate state entities, increasingly prescriptive governmental law and policy and a degree of deliberate deformation of social work through the health and social care regulator CORU. We argue that as the artistry of creative practice increasingly now comes under assault through proceduralisation, corporate governance and risk aversion, any remaining residuals of creativity also come to be repackaged and misappropriated in the form of ‘professional discretion’. What is at stake in the death of creativity is the death of anything surplus and exceptional to that which social workers are mandated to do. Moreover, we propose that without creativity, social workers can no longer fulfil the profession’s ideological goal of dismantling social injustice at a wider societal level.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Inpatient Antibiotic Use in the United States, January 2019 Through July 2022
Authors: O’Leary Erin N , Neuhauser Melinda M , Srinivasan Arjun , Dubendris Heather , Webb Amy K , Soe Minn M , Hicks Lauri A , Wu Hsiu , Kabbani Sarah , Edwards Jonathan R
Published: August 2023

Antimicrobial use data reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network's Antimicrobial Use and Resistance Module between January 2019 and July 2022 were analyzed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on inpatient antimicrobial use.
Timely Diagnosis of Incubating Syphilis Infections Using Treponema pallidum Transcription-Mediated Amplification Assay
Authors: Zondag Helene C A , van Dam Alje P , Bosch Jeffrey , Getman Damon , Nenninger Ashley , de Vries Henry J C , Bruisten Sylvia M
Published: August 2023

Background

Syphilis is a complex, multistage, sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (TP). New diagnostic tools are needed to minimize transmission. In this study, we aimed to assess the additional value of an investigational transcription-mediated amplification test for TP (TP-TMA) for routine diagnostics.

Methods

Between September 2021 and August 2022, visits by all participants of the national preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) program at the sexual health center (SHC) in Amsterdam were included. Anal, pharyngeal, vaginal, and urine samples collected for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae screening were additionally tested with the TP-TMA assay based on detection of 23S rRNA of TP.

Results

In total, 9974 SHC visits by 3283 participants were included. There were 191 infectious syphilis cases diagnosed: 26 (14%) primary syphilis, 54 (29%) secondary syphilis, and 111 (58%) early latent syphilis. In 79 of the 191 (41%) syphilis cases, at least 1 sample was TP-TMA–positive. For 16 participants, the positive TP-TMA result was not concordant with routine diagnostics. Of those, 2 participants were treated for syphilis within a week before the visit. Eight participants were treated for a syphilis notification at the visit or for another STI. Five participants were diagnosed with syphilis at the following visit, and 1 participant was lost to follow-up.

Conclusions

By adding the TP-TMA assay to routine diagnostics, we identified 14 of 191 (7%) additional syphilis infections among participants of the national PrEP program. The TP-TMA assay is a useful diagnostic tool to increase syphilis case finding and thus limit the transmission of syphilis.
Joan Robinson: early endogenous growth theorist
Authors: Oughton Christine , Tobin Damian
Published: August 2023

We start from Robinson’s article on Harrod’s Dynamic Economics and her criticism that technological change was exogenous: ‘in Mr. Harrod’s world, technical progress falls like the gentle dew from heaven and is not susceptible to any economic influence’. Throughout her work she highlighted the endogenous sources of technological progress and growth and pre-empted both the National Systems of Innovation (NSI) literature and New Growth Theory (NGT), where the latter (NGT) appears to be neither new, nor able to explain innovation, growth and convergence trajectories. We also show that the productivity slowdown in advanced economies is explained by a fall in the wage share, a drop in the rate of accumulation of capital and prioritisation of incentives for R&D over policy instruments to diffuse innovation. While for developing economies, the failure of neoclassical economics to resolve the paradox of promoting market incentives for diffusion, while protecting intellectual property rights, implies an inevitable slowing of convergence.