bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Mejora de la Productividad en las Empresas de Servicios
Authors: Diz Comesaña María Eva , Rodríguez López Nuria , García Vázquez José Manuel
Published: May 2022

Tradicionalmente, el sector ser vicios ha sido considerado como un sector poco productivo dentro de nuestra economía o, en el mejor de los casos, como un sector con un débil crecimiento del nivel de productividad. Situación que contrasta con la importancia adquirida por las actividades terciarias en la sociedad actual. Por ello, en un primer momento, se ha creído conveniente analizar a qué se debe esta situación, partiendo del estudio de las medidas de la productividad utilizadas y de las particularidades que caracterizan este sector.Tras este análisis, se han estudiado los distintos elementos que participan en la prestación del ser vicio, poniéndose de manifiesto que la incorporación de procesos automatizados podría provocar ciertos cambios en dichos elementos que propiciasen una mejora en el nivel de productividad.
THE STATE OF PRO-INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC DISORDERS CAUSED BY OBESITY BEFORE AND AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: Lavryk A. S. , Lavryk O. A. , Lytvynchuk H. M.
Published: May 2022

Aim. To study the effect of bariatric surgery on pro-inflammatory markers and to study the mechanisms of changes in their concentration in the postoperative period with a decrease in the mass of adipose tissue.

Material and methods. The work is based on the results of surgical treatment of patients with MO (aged 18 to 62 years, with an average BMI of (50.8 +8.5) kg/m2) who underwent bariatric surgery at the National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. In the postoperative period, the following parameters were measured: C-reactive protein, sialic acid and seromucoid at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery.

Results and discussion. The SRP concentration decreased significantly already during the first 3 months. in all groups: SRP after BSH was — (96±12.6) mg/l, which is 2 times lower than the initial level, after IR — (98±21.6) mg/l, which is 1.2 times lower than the initial level, after BPS — (128±18.6) mg/l, which was 1.3 times lower than the initial level. After 12 months. SRP was (62±10.8) mg/l, which was 3 times lower than the initial level, after IR — (46±8.4) mg/l, 3 times lower than the initial level, after BPH — (36±13.2) mg/l, which was 5 times lower than the initial level.

Sialic acid levels at 6 months. was: after BPSh — (2.4±0.9) Od., after IR — (2.7±0.3) Od after BPSH — (2.6±0.5) Units. After 12 months. the level of sialic acids remained in the upper limit of the norm and were: after BSh — (2.7±0.5) Odes after IR — (2.5±0.7) Odes after BSA — (2.6±0.5) Units.

The seromucoid concentration was the highest before surgery in the CI and BPS groups and amounted to (0.4±0.2) and (0.3±0.2) Compared with (0.2±0.2) in the BPS group. Within 3–6 months. after the operation, the concentration of seromucoid was in the upper limit of the norm.

Conclusions. The reduction in body weight achieved after bariatric surgery leads to the normalization of pro-inflammatory status, which forms the pathogenetic basis for neutralizing the systemic inflammation observed in obesity. These indicators are reliable evidence of a decrease in the intensity or cessation of inflammatory and destructive processes that develop in obese patients.
Koroner Arter Hastalarının Akdeniz Diyetine Bağlılık Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: PERSİL ÖZKAN Özlem , ERGİNBAŞ Çınar
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Akdeniz diyeti, kardiyovasküler hastalıkları da kapsayan bulaşıcı olmayan hastalıkları önlemek ve kontrol etmek için etkili bir beslenme stratejisi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, koroner arter hastalarının Akdeniz diyetine bağlılık durumlarının araştırılmasıdır.Yöntem: Koroner arter hastalığı olan 116 katılımcı ile yapılan araştırma tanımlayıcı kesitsel tiptedir. Hastaların Akdeniz Diyeti’ne bağlılık durumlarını araştırmak için Akdeniz Diyeti Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İstatistik analizlerde tanımlayıcı istatistik ve iki kategorik değişken arasında ilişki varlığını saptamak amacıyla Pearson ki kare testi kullanılmıştır. Üç veya daha fazla değişkenin arasındaki ilişkinin tespitinde One-Way Anova testi ve varyansların homojenliği için Levene testi kullanılmıştır. Post-hoc analizi ise Tukey HSD testi ile yapılmıştır.Bulgular: Katılımcıları yaş ortalaması 60.64±11,21 yıldır. Fazla kilolu veya obez olanların oranı %80,9’dur. Katılımcıların çoğunluğunun sigara ve alkol tüketimi olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Akdeniz Diyeti Ölçeği sınıflamasına göre katılımcıların % 11,2’si yüksek ve % 56,03’ü düşük düzeyde puan almıştır. Katılımcıların Akdeniz Diyeti Ölçeği sınıflamasına göre cinsiyet, yaş, beden kütle indeksi, bel çevresi ve eğitim durumu ile ölçek puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada Akdeniz diyetine bağlılığın genel olarak düşük olduğu ve aynı zamanda katılımcıların çoğunluğunun fazla kilolu ve obez olduğu belirlenmiştir.
COVID-19 Pandemisinde Bireylerin Kaygı Düzeylerinin ve Ortoreksiya Nervoza Eğilimlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: MENDEŞ Beyza , CAN Başak , YILMAZ Sine
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı (COVID-19) ve hastalığın getirdiği anksiyete ile beraber bireyler sağlıklı beslenmeye daha fazla ilgi göstermeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 salgınından etkilenen bireylerin anksiyete düzeylerini belirlemek ve anksiyete varlığının ortoreksiya nervoza ile ilişkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma çevrimiçi olarak hazırlanmış bir anket yardımıyla gönüllü, yaş ortalamaları sırasıyla 34,50 ± 6,50 ve 38,50 ± 11,50 yıl olan 189 kadın ve 147 erkek katılımcı ile tamamlanmıştır. Ankette bireylerin antropometrik ölçümleri ve bazı sosyo-demografik özellikleri değerlendirilirken; Koronavirüs Anksiyete Ölçeği (KAÖ) ile COVID-19 kaynaklı kaygı, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) ile genel anksiyete ve ORTO-15 ölçeği ile bireylerin ortorektik eğilimleri saptanmıştır. Araştırma verileri SPSS 24.0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: Toplam popülasyon değerlendirildiğinde ölçeklerin ortalamaları KAÖ için 1,13 ± 2,42 iken, BAÖ 7,60 ± 9,87 olarak hesaplanmıştır. ORTO-15 puan ortalaması ise 37,44 ± 3,85’tir. Ölçek ortalamaları arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Buna rağmen, kadınlarda BKİ sınıflandırma grupları ile ORTO-15 puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0,005). Katılımcıların cinsiyetleri, pandemiden önce ve sonra besin takviyesi kullanma durumu gibi değişkenler ile ölçek puanları arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanmamış olup, katılımcıların bildirdikleri beyana göre hastalık durumları ile her bir ölçek puanı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,005).Sonuç: COVID-19 küresel salgını, hasta olma korkusu ve salgın sebebiyle alınan tedbirler ile değişen yaşam şartları kişilerde anksiyetenin artmasına yol açmaktadır. Anksiyete varlığı kişilerde ortorektik davranışların artmasına neden olarak kişilerin yaşamlarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Günümüzde pandeminin psiko-sosyal etkilerinin araştırıldığı kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığında Üst Ekstremite Fonksiyonel Değerlendirmesi: Bir Derleme Makalesi
Authors: YURTSEVEN Muhammed
Published: May 2022

Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH), genellikle zararlı partiküllere veya gazlara ciddi bir şekilde maruz kalmanın neden olduğu hava yolu inflamasyonu ve alveolar anormalliklere bağlı kalıcı solunum semptomları ve hava akımı kısıtlanması ile karakterize, yaygın, önlenebilir ve tedavi edilebilir bir hastalıktır. Genellikle bu hastalıkla beraber karşılaşılan semptomlar dispne, öksürük ve balgamdır. KOAH, esas olarak bir solunum sistemi hastalığı olmasına rağmen, bozulmuş solunum fonksiyonu, KOAH'lı bireylerin yaşadığı problemlerden sadece bir tanesidir. Ekspiratuar hava akımı sınırlaması ve dispneye ek olarak, KOAH'lı hastalarda sıklıkla kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, osteoporoz, ekstremite kas disfonksiyonu ve psikolojik bozukluklar gibi komorbiditeler mevcuttur. Bunların tümü fonksiyonel kapasitenin azalmasına ve günlük yaşam aktivitelerine kısıtlı katılıma katkıda bulunur. Fonksiyonel değerlendirme içerik olarak; ayakta durma, temel vücut pozisyonunu değiştirme, yürüme, ayakta durma, nesneleri tutma ve taşıma gibi üst ve alt ekstremite aktivitelerine odaklanır. Literatüre bakıldığında KOAH’lı hastalarda üst ekstremite fonksiyonel değerlendirmelerine yönelik sınırlı sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu nedenle bu derlemenin amacı, KOAH’lı hastalarda üst ekstremite fonksiyonel değerlendirmesi için kullanılan yöntemlerle ilgili bilgileri sunmaktır.
Yara Bakımında Kullanılan Yara Örtüsü Teknolojileri: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışmaların İncelenmesi
Authors: DAĞCI Mahmut , ÖZTEKİN Deniz
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Bu derleme, son beş yılda en sık kullanılan modern yara bakım örtülerinin özelliklerinin ve yara iyileşmesine olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla planlandı.Yöntem: Anahtar kelime olarak, yara (wound) AND örtüsü (dressing) AND randomize (randomised) AND kontrollü (controlled) NOT sistematik (systematic) NOT derleme (review) NOT meta-analiz (meta-analysis) NOT olgu (case) NOT sunumu (report) kullanılarak, son beş yıla ait literatür MEDLINE, EMBASE ve CINAHL veri tabanlarında tarandı. Yapılan tarama sonucunda n=2734 araştırmaya ulaşıldı. Tekrarlı yayın kontrolü sonrasında n=45 araştırma elendi. Dahil edilme ve dışlanma kriterlerinin uygulanmasının ardından n=2570 araştırma dışı bırakıldı. Tam metnine ulaşılabilen n=10 randomize kontrollü araştırma, çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturdu. Verilere ulaşım tarihi: 13.01.2022’dir.Bulgular: İncelenen araştırmaların çoğunluğunun 2017 yılında yapıldığı, yara örtüsü kullanılan araştırmalarda en çok diyabetik yaraların ele alındığı (n=4), yalnızca n=1 araştırmanın yönteminin çift kör planlandığı, n=7 araştırmada kullanılan yara örtülerinin iyileşmeye etkisi olduğu, n=3 araştırmada ise etkisi olmadığı bulundu.Sonuç: Modern yara örtüleri (Hidrokolloid, aljinat, hidrofiber, amniyotik membran) yara iyileşmesini hızlandırmaktadır. Konu ile ilgili kanıt seviyesi yüksek orijinal araştırmaların ve meta-analiz çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.
Primer sezaryen olan hastalarda uterin insizyonun tek kat ya da çift kat onarım tekniklerinin transvajinal ultrasonografi ile karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN ŞENAY Zümrüt , ÜSTÜNYURT Emin
Published: May 2022

ÖZET

Amaç: İlk kez sezaryen operasyonu (primer sezaryen) yapılan olgularda, tek kat ve çift kat sütürasyon tekniği kullanılarak kapatılan uterusun, rezidüel miyometriyal kalınlık ve sezaryen skar defekti açısından karşılaştırılmasını amaçladık.

Gereçler ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Mart 2016 ile Mayıs 2016 tarihleri arasında, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde, 18-45 yaş arası, gestasyonel yaşı 37 hafta ve üzeri olup primer sezaryen geçirecek 102 hasta dahil edildi. 51 hastada kilitlemeli tek kat ve 51 hastada kilitlemesiz çift kat tekniği ile uterin insizyon sütüre edildi. Çalışma popülasyonunda postoperatif 6. haftada yapılan transvajinal ultrasonografi ile mevcut skar dokusunun derinliği ve genişliği, kalan miyometriyum dokusunun kalınlığı ve uterusun pozisyonu değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çift kat tekniği kullanılan grupta sütürasyon süresi tek kat tekniği kullanılan gruba göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak uzundu (p
GENERATION Z AND ETHICALITY OF ADVANCEMENT IN THE WORKPLACE: A STUDY OF SLOVENIA AND LITHUANIA
Authors: Nedelko Zlatko , Peleckienė Valentina , Peleckis Kęstutis , Peleckis Kestutis K. , Lapinskienė Giedrė , Potocan Vojko
Published: May 2022

The main purpose of this study was to examine the ethicality of future employees’ attitudes toward advancement in the workplace in Slovenia and Lithuania. This study focuses on students representing young adults from Generation Z as future employees in organizations. Using a survey of work-related issues, we collected 212 answers from Slovenian and 159 from Lithuanian' students from business faculties. We used t-tests and regression analyses to obtain results. We found that the future employees in Slovenia see organizationally beneficial behavior and self-indulgent behavior significantly more acceptable for their advancement, than their Lithuanian peers. No differences exist in the perception of destructive behavior among participants from both countries. Substantial differences in the importance of personal values ​​among Generation Z members in both societies, provide a strong support for the divergence nature of Generation Z across cultures. The impact of personal values on the ethicality of different behavior for advancement in the workplace among future employees in both societies is substantial, but biased and follows different patterns. In Slovenia, the dominant role has power, followed by hedonism, benevolence, security, conformity, tradition, and universalism, while in Lithuania, the dominant role belongs to self-direction, followed by tradition, universalism, security, achievement, and power. This study will help us to understand Generation Z values and their perceptions regarding ethicality of advancement in the workplace and enable organizations to manage the behavior of future employees.
STUDY ON SEISMIC RESPONSE OF A NEW STAGGERED STORY ISOLATED STRUCTURE CONSIDERING SSI EFFECT
Authors: Liu Dewen , Li Liping , Zhang Yafei , Chen Lihao , Wan Feng , Yang Fan
Published: May 2022

The new staggered story isolated structure is a new type of seismic isolated structure developed from base isolated structure and inter-story isolated structure. In order to explore the seismic response of the new staggered story isolated structure considering the soil-structure interaction (SSI), the model of a new staggered story isolated structure considering SSI effect is established to analyze the nonlinear dynamic time-history response under rare earthquakes, and the comparison between hard soil and soft soil was carried out. Results show that the stiffness of the new staggered story isolated structure reduced, the modal period extended and the seismic response reduced by considering the SSI effect, the softer the site soil, the more obvious those changes are. Meanwhile, the shear force and the damage of the core tube decreases, while the shear force and the damage of the frame increases, the shear force transfers from the core tube to the frame. Additionally, the energy absorption of the seismic isolated bearings at the frame reduced, the energy absorption of the seismic isolated bearings at the core tube increased, the softer the site soil, the more obvious the trend is.
Nature of Supersonic Turbulence and Density Distribution Function in the Multiphase Interstellar Medium
Authors: Kobayashi Masato I. N. , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Tomida Kengo , Iwasaki Kazunari , Nakatsugawa Hiroki
Published: May 2022

Supersonic flows in the interstellar medium (ISM) are believed to be a key driver of the molecular cloud formation and evolution. Among molecular clouds’ properties, the ratio between the solenoidal and compressive modes of turbulence plays important roles in determining the star formation efficiency. We use numerical simulations of supersonic converging flows of the warm neutral medium (WNM) resolving the thermal instability to calculate the early phase of molecular cloud formation, and we investigate the turbulence structure and the density probability distribution function (density PDF) of the multiphase ISM. We find that both the solenoidal and compressive modes have their power spectrum similar to the Kolmogorov spectrum. The solenoidal (compressive) modes account for ≳80% (≲20%) of the total turbulence power. When we consider both the cold neutral medium (CNM) and the thermally unstable neutral medium (UNM) up to T ≲ 400 K, the density PDF follows the lognormal distribution, whose width

σ

s

is well explained by the known relation from the isothermal turbulence as

σ

s

=
ln
(
1

+

b

2



2

)

(where b is the parameter representing the turbulence mode ratio and



is the turbulent Mach number). The density PDF of the CNM component alone (T ≤ 50 K), however, exhibits a narrower

σ

s

by a factor of ∼2. These results suggest that observational estimations of b based on the CNM density PDF requires the internal turbulence within each CNM clump but not the interclump relative velocity, the latter of which is instead powered by the WNM/UNM turbulence.
Spectroscopic Studies of Type Ia Supernovae Using LSTM Neural Networks
Authors: Hu Lei , Chen Xingzhuo , Wang Lifan
Published: May 2022

We present a data-driven method based on long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks to analyze spectral time series of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). The data set includes 3091 spectra from 361 individual SNe Ia. The method allows for accurate reconstruction of the spectral sequence of an SN Ia based on a single observed spectrum around maximum light. The precision of the spectral reconstruction increases with more spectral time coverages, but the significant benefit of multiple epoch data at around optical maximum is only evident for observations separated by more than a week. The method shows great power in extracting the spectral information of SNe Ia and suggests that the most critical information of an SN Ia can be derived from a single spectrum around the optical maximum. The algorithm we have developed is important for the planning of spectroscopic follow-up observations of future SN surveys with the LSST/Rubin and WFIRST/Roman telescopes.
Mutual Inclination of Ultra-short-period Planets with Time-varying Stellar J
2 Moments
Authors: Chen Chen , Li Gongjie , Petrovich Cristobal
Published: May 2022

Systems with ultra-short-period (USP) planets tend to possess larger mutual inclinations compared to those with planets located farther from their host stars. This could be explained due to precession caused by stellar oblateness at early times when the host star was rapidly spinning. However, stellar oblateness reduces over time due to the decrease in the stellar rotation rate, and this may further shape the planetary mutual inclinations. In this work, we investigate in detail how the final mutual inclination varies under the effect of a decreasing J
2. We find that different initial parameters (e.g., the magnitude of J
2 and planetary inclinations) will contribute to different final mutual inclinations, providing a constraint on the formation mechanisms of USP planets. In general, if the inner planets start in the same plane as the stellar equator (or coplanar while misaligned with the stellar spin axis), the mutual inclination decreases (or increases then decreases) over time due to the decay of the J
2 moment. This is because the inner orbit typically possesses less orbital angular momentum than the outer ones. However, if the outer planet is initially aligned with the stellar spin while the inner one is misaligned, the mutual inclination nearly stays the same. Overall, our results suggest that either USP planets formed early and acquired significant inclinations (e.g., ≳30° with its companion or ≳10° with its host star spin axis for Kepler-653 c) or they formed late (≳Gyr) when their host stars rotated slower.
Postexplosion Positive Jet-feedback Activity in Inner Ejecta of Core Collapse Supernovae
Authors: Akashi Muhammad , Soker Noam
Published: May 2022

We conduct three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of weak jets that we launch into a core collapse supernova (CCSN) ejecta half an hour after the explosion and find that the interaction of the fast jets with the CCSN ejecta creates high-pressure zones that induce a backflow that results in mass accretion onto the newly born neutron star. In cases of weak jets, with a total power of ≈1045–1046 erg, the backflow mass accretion might power them up to more energetic jets by an order of magnitude. In total, the jets of the two postexplosion jet-launching episodes have enough energy to influence the morphology of the very inner ejecta, with a mass of ≈0.1 M
⊙. Our results imply that in some, probably a minority of, CCSN remnants the very inner regions might display a bipolar structure that results from postexplosion weak jets. The regions outside this part might display the morphology of jittering jets.
Diagnostics of Non-Maxwellian Electron Distributions in Solar Active Regions from Fe xii Lines Observed by the Hinode Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer and Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph
Authors: Del Zanna G. , Polito V. , Dudík J. , Testa P. , Mason H. E. , Dzifčáková E.
Published: May 2022

We present joint Hinode Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) and Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) observations of Fe xii lines in active regions, both on-disk and off-limb. We use an improved calibration for the EIS data, and find that the 192.4 Å/1349 Å observed ratio is consistent with the values predicted by CHIANTI and the coronal approximation in quiescent areas, but not in all active-region observations, where the ratio is often lower than expected by up to a factor of about two. We investigate a number of physical mechanisms that could affect this ratio, such as opacity and absorption from cooler material. We find significant opacity in the EIS Fe xii 193 and 195 Å lines, but not in the 192.4 Å line, in agreement with previous findings. As we cannot rule out possible EUV absorption by H, He, and He ii in the on-disk observations, we focus on an off-limb observation where such absorption is minimal. After considering these, as well as possible nonequilibrium effects, we suggest that the most likely explanation for the observed low Fe xii 192.4 Å/1349 Å ratio is the presence of non-Maxwellian electron distributions in the active regions. This is in agreement with previous findings based on EIS and IRIS observations independently.
Can Carbon Fractionation Provide Evidence for Aerial Biospheres in the Atmospheres of Temperate Sub-Neptunes?
Authors: Glidden Ana , Seager Sara , Huang Jingcheng , Petkowski Janusz J. , Ranjan Sukrit
Published: May 2022

The search for signs of life on other worlds has largely focused on terrestrial planets. Recent work, however, argues that life could exist in the atmospheres of temperate sub-Neptunes. Here we evaluate the usefulness of carbon dioxide isotopologues as evidence of aerial life. Carbon isotopes are of particular interest, as metabolic processes preferentially use the lighter 12C over 13C. In principle, the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will be able to spectrally resolve the 12C and 13C isotopologues of CO2, but not CO and CH4. We simulated observations of CO2 isotopologues in the H2-dominated atmospheres of our nearest (<40 pc), temperate (equilibrium temperature of 250–350 K) sub-Neptunes with M-dwarf host stars. We find 13CO2 and 12CO2 distinguishable if the atmosphere is H2 dominated with a few percentage points of CO2 for the most idealized target with an Earth-like composition of the two most abundant isotopologues, 12CO2 and 13CO2. With a Neptune-like metallicity of 100× solar and a C/O of 0.55, we are unable to distinguish between 13CO2 and 12CO2 in the atmospheres of temperate sub-Neptunes. If atmospheric composition largely follows metallicity scaling, the concentration of CO2 in a H2-dominated atmosphere will be too low to distinguish CO2 isotopologues with JWST. In contrast, at higher metallicities, there will be more CO2, but the smaller atmospheric scale height makes the measurement impossible. Carbon dioxide isotopologues are unlikely to be useful biosignature gases for the JWST era. Instead, isotopologue measurements should be used to evaluate formation mechanisms of planets and exosystems.
Magnetic Discontinuities in the Solar Wind and Magnetosheath: Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS) Observations
Authors: Liu Y. Y. , Fu H. S. , Cao J. B. , Wang Z. , He R. J. , Guo Z. Z. , Xu Y. , Yu Y.
Published: May 2022

We perform a statistical investigation of the geometric features of interplanetary discontinuities (IDs) in the near-Earth solar wind and magnetosheath, by utilizing 14 months of Magnetospheric Multiscale mission data. 117,669 IDs are collected, including 108,049 events in the solar wind and 6399 events in the magnetosheath, with the remnant in the magnetosphere or near the bow shock/magnetopause. We find the following: (1) the ID occurrence rate is 17.0 events hr−1 in the solar wind and 5.5 events hr−1 in the magnetosheath, (2) the field rotation angles during ID crossings in the magnetosheath exhibit a two-exponential distribution with a breakpoint at 50°, which is not observed for IDs in the solar wind, (3) the magnetosheath IDs with small field rotation angles tend to be clustered, (4) by classifying the IDs into rotational discontinuities (RDs), tangential discontinuities (TDs), either TDs or RDs (EDs), and neither TDs nor RDs (NDs), we estimate RD:TD:ED:ND = 68%:5%:20%:7% in the solar wind, and RD:TD:ED:ND = 15%:44%:18%:23% in the magnetosheath, (5) the occurrence rates of RDs and TDs are, respectively 7.95 and 0.58 events hr−1 in the solar wind, and 0.57 and 1.60 events hr−1 in the magnetosheath, (6) RDs are more likely to propagate antisunward in the plasma rest frame, especially in the magnetosheath, and (7) the average thicknesses of the RDs and TDs are estimated, respectively, as 10.4 and 8.1 proton gyroradii (r

p
) in the solar wind, and 17.4 and 5.0 r

p
in the magnetosheath. This work can improve our understanding of IDs’ interaction with the terrestrial bow shock.
Effects of Magnetic Field Orientations in Dense Cores on Gas Kinematics in Protostellar Envelopes
Authors: Gupta Aashish , Yen Hsi-Wei , Koch Patrick , Bastien Pierre , Bourke Tyler L. , Chung Eun Jung , Hasegawa Tetsuo , Hull Charles L. H. , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro , Kwon Jungmi , Kwon Woojin , Lai Shih-Ping , Lee Chang Won , Lee Chin-Fei , Pattle Kate , Qiu Keping , Tahani Mehrnoosh , Tamura Motohide , Ward-Thompson Derek
Published: May 2022

Theoretically, misalignment between the magnetic field and rotational axis in a dense core is considered to be dynamically important in the star formation process; however, the extent of this influence remains observationally unclear. For a sample of 32 Class 0 and I protostars in the Perseus Molecular Cloud, we analyzed gas motions using C18O data from the SMA MASSES survey and the magnetic field structures using 850 μm polarimetric data from the JCMT BISTRO-1 survey and archive. We do not find any significant correlation between the velocity gradients in the C18O emission in the protostellar envelopes at a 1000 au scale and the misalignment between the outflows and magnetic field orientations in the dense cores at a 4000 au scale, and there is also no correlation between the velocity gradients and the angular dispersions of the magnetic fields. However, a significant dependence on the misalignment angles emerges after we normalize the rotational motion by the infalling motion, where the ratios increase from ≲1 to ≳1 with increasing misalignment angle. This suggests that the misalignment could prompt angular momentum transportation to the envelope scale but is not a dominant factor in determining the envelope rotation, and other parameters, such as mass accretion in protostellar sources, also play an important role. These results remain valid after taking into account projection effects. The comparison between our estimated angular momentum in the protostellar envelopes and the sizes of the known protostellar disks suggests that significant angular momentum is likely lost between radii of ∼1000 and 100 au in protostellar envelopes.
Critically Evaluated Spectral Data for Singly Ionized Carbon (C ii)
Authors: Kramida A. , Haris K.
Published: May 2022

All available experimental data on the spectrum of singly ionized carbon have been critically analyzed. Measurement uncertainties of all published studies have been reassessed. The scope of observational data includes laboratory emission spectra of arcs, sparks, electrodeless discharges, and hollow cathode lamps recorded with grating and Fourier transform spectrometers, laboratory photoabsorption spectra, and emission spectra of planetary nebulae. The total number of observed spectral lines included in this compilation is 597. These lines participate in 972 transitions. From this list of identified transitions, we have derived a set of 414 energy levels, which are optimized using a least-squares fitting procedure. The identifications are supported by parametric calculations with Cowan’s codes. The existing tables of critically evaluated transition probabilities have been extended with our newly calculated data. The ionization energy has been derived from the newly optimized energy levels with improved precision. Data on the isotope shifts and hyperfine structure have also been compiled.
New Open-cluster Candidates Found in the Galactic Disk Using Gaia DR2/EDR3 Data
Authors: He 何 Zhihong 治宏 , Li 李 Chunyan 春燕 , Zhong 钟 Jing 靖 , Liu 刘 Guimei 桂梅 , Bai 白 Leya 乐娅 , Qin 秦 Songmei 松梅 , Jiang 蒋 Yueyue 悦悦 , Zhang 张 Xi 茜 , Chen 陈 Li 力
Published: May 2022

We report 541 new open-cluster candidates in Gaia EDR3 through revisiting the cluster results from an earlier analysis of Gaia DR2, which revealed nearly 1000 open-cluster candidates in the solar neighborhood (mostly d <3 kpc) residing at Galactic latitudes ∣b∣ < 20°. A subsequent comparison with lists of known clusters shows a large increase of the cluster samples within 2 kpc from the Sun. We assign membership probabilities to the stars through the open-source pyUPMASK algorithm, and also estimate the physical parameters through isochrone fitting for each candidate. Most of the new candidates show small total-proper-motion dispersions and clear features in the color–magnitude diagrams. Besides, the metallicity gradient of the new candidates is consistent with those found in the literature. The cluster parameters and member stars are available at CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or via https://cdsarc.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/260/8. The discovery of these new objects shows that the open-cluster samples in Gaia data is still not complete, and more discoveries are expected in future research.
Selection of the Main Control Parameters for the Dst Index Prediction Model Based on a Layer-wise Relevance Propagation Method
Authors: Li Y. Y. , Huang S. Y. , Xu S. B. , Yuan Z. G. , Jiang K. , Wei Y. Y. , Zhang J. , Xiong Q. Y. , Wang Z. , Lin R. T. , Yu L.
Published: May 2022

The prediction of the Dst index is an important subject in space weather. It has significant progress with the prevalent applications of neural networks. The selection of input parameters is critical for the prediction model of the Dst index or other space-weather models. In this study, we perform a layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) method to select the main parameters for the prediction of the Dst index and understand the physical interpretability of neural networks for the first time. Taking an hourly Dst index and 10 types of solar wind parameters as the inputs, we utilize a long short-term memory network to predict the Dst index and present the LRP method to analyze the dependence of the Dst index on these parameters. LRP defines the relevance score for each input, and a higher relevance score indicates that the corresponding input parameter contributes more to the output. The results show that Dst, E

y
, B

z
, and V are the main control parameters for Dst index prediction. In order to verify the LRP method, we design two more supplementary experiments for further confirmation. These results confirm that the LRP method can reduce the initial dimension of neural network input at the cost of minimum information loss and contribute to the understanding of physical processes in space weather.
Direction of Parsec-scale Jets for 9220 Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Plavin A. V. , Kovalev Y. Y. , Pushkarev A. B.
Published: May 2022

The direction of parsec-scale jets in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is essential information for many astrophysical and astrometric studies, including linear polarization and magnetic field structure, frequency-dependent synchrotron opacity, proper motion, and reference-frame alignment. We developed a rigorous, simple, and completely automated method to measure the directions from calibrated interferometric visibility data at frequencies ranging from 1.4 to 86 GHz. We publish the results for 9220 AGNs with the typical accuracy below 10°. An internal check of the method comparing the directions between different observing frequencies as well as with previous publications verifies the robustness of the measured values.
Current cave monitoring practices, their variation and recommendations for future improvement in Europe: A synopsis from the 6th EuroSpeleo Protection Symposium
Authors: Weigand Alexander , Bücs Szilárd-Lehel , Deleva Stanimira , Lukić Bilela Lada , Nyssen Pierrette , Paragamian Kaloust , Ssymank Axel , Weigand Hannah , Zakšek Valerija , Zagmajster Maja , Balázs Gergely , Barjadze Shalva , Bürger Katharina , Burn William , Cailhol Didier , Decrolière Amélie , Didonna Ferdinando , Doli Azdren , Drazina Tvrtko , Dreybrodt Joerg , Ðud Lana , Egri Csaba , Erhard Markus , Finžgar Sašo , Fröhlich Dominik , Gartrell Grant , Gazaryan Suren , Georges Michel , Godeau Jean-Francois , Grunewald Ralf , Gunn John , Hajenga Jeff , Hofmann Peter , Knight Lee , Köble Hannes , Kuharic Nikolina , Lüthi Christian , Munteanu Cristian , Novak Rudjer , Ozols Dainis , Petkovic Matija , Stoch Fabio , Vogel Bärbel , Vukovic Ines , Hall Weberg Meredith , Zaenker Christian , Zaenker Stefan , Feit Ute , Thies Jean-Claude
Published: May 2022

This manuscript summarizes the outcomes of the 6th EuroSpeleo Protection Symposium. Special emphasis was laid on presenting and discussing monitoring activities under the umbrella of the Habitats Directive (EU Council Directive 92/43/EEC) for habitat type 8310 "Caves not open to the public" and the Emerald Network. The discussions revealed a high level of variation in the currently conducted underground monitoring activities: there is no uniform definition of what kind of underground environments the "cave" habitat should cover, how often a specific cave has to be monitored, and what parameters should be measured to evaluate the conservation status. The variation in spatial dimensions in national definitions of caves further affects the number of catalogued caves in a country and the number of caves to be monitored. Not always participants are aware of the complete national monitoring process and that data sets should be freely available or easily accessible. The discussions further showed an inherent dilemma between an anticipated uniform monitoring approach with a coherent assessment methodology and, on the contrary, the uniqueness of caves and subterranean biota to be assessed – combined with profound knowledge gaps and a lack of resources. Nevertheless, some good practices for future cave monitoring activities have been identified by the participants: (1) Cave monitoring should focus on bio- and geodiversity elements alike; (2) Local communities should be involved, and formal agreements envisaged; (3) Caves must be understood as windows into the subterranean realm; (4) Touristic caves should not be excluded ad-hoc from regular monitoring; (5) New digital tools and open FAIR data infrastructures should be implemented; (6) Cave biomonitoring should focus on a large(r) biological diversity; and (7) DNA-based tools should be integrated. Finally, the importance of the 'forgotten' Recommendation No. 36 from the Bern Convention as a guiding legal European document was highlighted.
Clinical outcomes of metachronous recurrence of gastric epithelial neoplasia based on Helicobacter pylori infection status and microsatellite stability
Authors: Kim Yeon-Ji , Kim Jaeyoung , Chung Woo Chul
Published: May 2022

Background/Aims: Helicobacter pylori eradication may prevent the recurrence of gastric epithelial neoplasia after endoscopic treatment. However, H. pylori eradication therapy is unlikely to prevent gastric cancer. This study determined the longterm results and clinical outcomes of patients with gastric epithelial neoplasia based on H. pylori infection status and microsatellite stability (MSS).Methods: Patients diagnosed with gastric epithelial neoplasia who underwent an endoscopic mucosal resection or submucosal dissection between 2004 and 2010 were included in this retrospective study. During the follow-up period (range, 4 to 14 years), disease recurrence was monitored, and tissue examinations were conducted for seven sets of microsatellite loci initially linked to the tumour suppressor gene locus. When H. pylori infection was identified, patients underwent eradication therapy.Results: The patients (n = 120) were divided into three groups: H. pylori-negative with MSS, H. pylori-positive with MSS, and microsatellite instability (MSI). After H. pylori eradication, the rate of metachronous recurrence was significantly different in the MSI (28.2%) and MSS groups (3.7%, p < 0.01). The mean duration of recurrence was 77 months (range, 24 to 139) in the MSI group. There was no recurrence after eradication therapy in patients who were positive for H. pylori in the MSS group.Conclusion: H. pylori eradication could help prevent gastric cancer recurrence in patients with stable microsatellite loci. Careful, long-term monitoring is required in patients with unstable microsatellite loci.
Quality recognition as a prescriber against disinformation
Authors: Palau-Sampio Dolors , Carratalá Adolfo , Tarullo Raquel , Crisóstomo Paz
Published: May 2022

Hybrid media context and the infodemic have increased the threat of disinformation, particularly among young people who mostly consume digital content. This article aims to identify the competencies needed to detect low-quality content linked to disinformation by Journalism and Communications undergraduates from Argentina, Chile, and Spain. Based on a double comparative study by countries and levels of education, it tries to predict the skills of future journalists in recognising false information. From an online questionnaire, the participants (N=300) evaluated the quality observed (minimum, average or excellent) and the problems detected from 12 items published in both conventional and pseudo-media. The comparison of results with the expert group shows that about 60% of the students have difficulties in identifying quality accurately and that this ability is higher in the advanced groups. From a selection of five news items, the participants were only able to successfully report 25.3% of the real mistakes in the texts. The correct identification of these mistakes improves in news related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions reveal that undergraduates overestimate their ability to detect disinformation, with a self-perception of 3.46 out of 5. The results also indicate that their media diet combines digital media and social media as a priority, while traditional media have a residual nature.

El contexto mediático híbrido y la infodemia han incrementado el peligro de la desinformación, sobre todo entre los jóvenes, que mayoritariamente consumen contenidos digitales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo conocer las competencias y habilidades para detectar contenidos de baja calidad vinculados con la desinformación por parte de estudiantes de Periodismo y Comunicación de Argentina, Chile y España. A partir de un doble estudio comparativo, por países y nivel de formación, se pretende determinar las destrezas de futuros periodistas en el reconocimiento de información falsa. A través de un cuestionario online, los participantes (N=300) evaluaron la calidad observada (mínima, media o excelente) y los problemas detectados a partir de 12 ítems publicados tanto en medios convencionales como en pseudomedios. La comparación de resultados con el grupo experto muestra que cerca del 60% del alumnado tiene dificultades para identificar la calidad de forma precisa y que esta habilidad es mayor en los grupos avanzados. De una selección de cinco noticias, los participantes solo pudieron reconocer con éxito un 25,3% de los errores que podían observarse en los textos. La identificación mejora en noticias vinculadas con la COVID-19. El estudio revela que el alumnado sobrevalora su destreza para detectar desinformación, con una autopercepción de 3,46 sobre 5. Los resultados también señalan que su dieta mediática combina de forma prioritaria medios digitales y redes, mientras que los medios tradicionales tienen un carácter residual.
Political hate speech of the far right on Twitter in Latin America
Authors: Díez-Gutiérrez Enrique , Verdeja María , Sarrión-Andaluz José , Buendía Luis , Macías-Tovar Julián
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research was to study the spreading of political hate speech by the far right through Twitter. A mixed methodology was employed, combining both quantitative and qualitative tools, within the framework of digital ethnography. Five characteristic cases of campaigns linked to political hate speech were chosen, meeting the four criteria set: Latin American scope with representativeness in terms of breadth and impact, political motivation, more than 100,000 tweets, and massive use of fake accounts. The analysis was performed with T-Hoarder, Gephi and MAXQDA. The conclusions drawn are that these campaigns do not occur spontaneously. Rather, a destabilizing political intention lies behind them, sponsored by organizations with considerable ability to disseminate messages and with extensive funds. The massive presence of false accounts, the repetition of certain spelling errors in identical form and the striking increase in the number of accounts just before campaigns are evidence of the automation of these processes. The constant use of aggressive and disparaging terms associated with hatred triggers extreme polarization and a climate of tension, threatening the building and consolidation of democracy itself. Apart from punitive measures, there is a need to implement educational proposals.

La finalidad de esta investigación ha sido estudiar la difusión de los discursos políticos de odio de ultraderecha a través de la red social Twitter. Se ha seguido una metodología mixta, combinando instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos, en el marco de la etnografía digital. Se eligieron cinco casos característicos de campañas vinculadas a discursos políticos de odio que cumplían los cuatro criterios seleccionados mediante técnica Delphi: ámbito iberoamericano con representatividad por amplitud e impacto, motivación política, más de 100.000 tuits y uso masivo de cuentas falsas. El análisis se realizó mediante T-Hoarder, Gephi y MAXQDA. Las conclusiones muestran que estas campañas no surgen espontáneamente, sino que existe una intencionalidad política desestabilizadora detrás de ellas; vertebradas desde organizaciones con pautas de difusión muy marcadas y fuentes de financiación potentes. La presencia masiva de cuentas falsas, la repetición de determinadas erratas de forma idéntica y el llamativo aumento del número de cuentas en los momentos previos a las campañas evidencian la automatización de estos procesos. El uso constante de términos agresivos y despreciativos asociados al odio, consigue generar polarización extrema y un clima de crispación que constituye una amenaza a la construcción y consolidación de la propia democracia. Más allá de las medidas punitivas, se considera necesario implementar propuestas de carácter educativo.
Une nouvelle proposition de soins pour les refus scolaires anxieux à l’adolescence : la thérapie multifamiliale
Authors: Harf Aurélie , Sibeoni Jordan , Genis Claire , Grandclerc Salomé , Hellier Éloïse , Minassian Sevan , Roué Aurélie , Snegaroff Claire , Skandrani Sara , Moro Marie Rose
Published: May 2022

Le refus scolaire anxieux à l’adolescence, défini comme l’impossibilité d’aller à l’école à cause de manifestations anxieuses, est devenu un véritable enjeu de santé publique par son ampleur et par les questions cliniques et sociétales qu’il soulève. L’implication des familles dans les dispositifs de soins est fondamentale. Parmi les dispositifs mettant au cœur de la prise en charge les familles, la thérapie multifamiliale a montré son efficacité pour de nombreux troubles psychiques, comme les troubles du comportement alimentaire, les troubles psychotiques, les troubles du comportement, les addictions, etc. Après s’être penché sur l’entité clinique que représente le refus scolaire anxieux à l’adolescence et sur les objectifs et postulats de la thérapie multifamiliale, cet article se propose de décrire un nouveau dispositif de soins proposé à la Maison de Solenn-Maison des Adolescents de l’hôpital Cochin : le groupe Multi FAST, dispositif de thérapie multifamiliale centré sur la problématique du refus scolaire anxieux à l’adolescence.
Du retour de traces traumatiques prénatales en thérapie familiale psychanalytique
Authors: Lebon Cristelle
Published: May 2022

Cet article s’intéresse au destin des traces d’expériences traumatiques prénatales. En appui sur une situation clinique, il interroge leur potentiel retour en séance de thérapie familiale psychanalytique, sous une forme complexe de symbolisation primaire nommée par l’auteure « souvenir hybride ». Cette émergence est portée par la parole d’un enfant, dont la vie in utero a été marquée par un traumatisme familial ; toutefois, la composante intra, inter et transpsychique de ce souvenir hybride est discutée, à la lumière du dispositif groupal de la thérapie familiale. L’analyse montre, par ailleurs, la complexité du statut métapsychologique du souvenir hybride, entre registres archaïque, primaire et secondaire, et conclut sur sa fonction de première tentative groupale de symbolisation, et mise en récit, d’une expérience traumatique fœtale.
Dénis et négations de grossesse : une tentative de dégagement de l’emprise ?
Authors: Seguin Sarah , Missonnier Sylvain , Vibert Sarah
Published: May 2022

Les dénis et négations de grossesse, entendus comme la non prise de conscience de l’état de grossesse au-delà du premier trimestre, apparaissent comme une préoccupation actuelle. À l’aide de la méthodologie projective (Rorschach et TAT), nos hypothèses interrogent le type de fonctionnement psychique, la qualité de l’image du corps, les représentations liées à la sexualité et enfin les capacités de traitement de la perte. Nos résultats révèlent une pluralité des organisations psychiques d’une part, avec des profils plus fragiles chez les femmes qui ont dénié leur grossesse. D’autre part, des conduites psychiques communes apparaissent par rapport à un groupe témoin, menant à la conclusion que la survenue de la grossesse (chez les femmes rencontrées) et par conséquent d’un enfant, constitueraient une tentative pour se dégager de l’imago maternelle, vécue comme toute-puissante. Les dénis et négations de grossesse pourraient alors être considérés comme des mécanismes de défense, dans le sens d’une nécessité de survie psychique.
Représentation des liens familiaux chez des adultes qui ont été placés précocement : une étude qualitative
Authors: Rideau John , Benoit Laelia , Michel Alexandre , Golse Bernard
Published: May 2022

Cette étude qualitative explore les représentations de liens familiaux d’adultes qui ont été placés avant trois ans et jusqu’à leur majorité, et qui ont été accueillis en famille d’accueil au moins une partie de leur parcours de placement. Les récits biographiques de treize personnes ont été analysés par recours à la théorisation ancrée, afin de mieux comprendre l’expérience qui consiste à vivre entre deux familles. Les résultats indiquent que lorsqu’ils étaient enfants, leurs liens avec leurs parents étaient marqués par des vécus d’abandon et d’intrusion, du fait de la présence discontinue et des pathologies de leurs parents. Les participants ont longtemps douté de leur place auprès de chacune de leurs familles de référence, et souffrent d’une connaissance lacunaire de leur propre biographie et de leur filiation. Une discussion met en perspective les récits des participants avec la théorie de l’attachement et le concept de filiation, et propose de repenser la double appartenance familiale des enfants placés précocement.