bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chrystianizacja Żydów bizantyńskich w drugiej połowie IX wieku: sprzeciw i aprobata
Authors: Kashchuk Oleksandr , Melnykovych Ruslan
Published: September 2024

Przedmiotem badania artykułu są źródła pisane powstałe w kontekście polityki chrystianizacji Żydów bizantyńskich w 2 poł IX w.: polemiczny traktat biskupa Grzegorza z Nicei (844–880) oraz wiersze protosekretarza Krzysztofa (850–900). Celem artykułu jest zbadanie stanowiska wspomnianych autorów wobec polityki chrystianizacji Żydów. Artykuł składa się z czterech części, w których zostały przedstawione informacje o źródłach, zdefiniowani docelowi odbiorcy traktatu metropolity Grzegorza i wierszy protosekretarza Krzysztofa. Dokonano w nich także analizy intencji utworów pisanych w konfrontacji zwolenników i przeciwników polityki chrystianizacji Żydów. Pomimo różnicy między dziełami pod względem gatunków literackich, dzieła te były pisane w celach propagandowych popierając lub sprzeciwiając się chrystianizacji Żydów. Artykuł ukazuje w jaki sposób teksty pisane były wykorzystywane przez strony przeciwstawne w celu obrony własnego stanowiska.
Autorytet Piotra Apostoła w aktach soborów pierwszego tysiąclecia
Authors: Gilski Marek , Wąsek Damian
Published: September 2024

Artykuł podejmuje problem miejsca Piotra apostoła w aktach soborów pierwszego tysiąclecia. Piotr okazuje się być autorytetem w obszarze doktryny, moralności, wzorem reagowania na zło i promotorem duszpasterstwa kierującego się wolnością religijną. Cesarze widzą w nim wzór obrony wiary, papieże autorytet doktrynalny, a niejednokrotnie jurysdykcyjny, uczestnicy debat soborowych postrzegają go jako przykład postępowania w przypadku złożenia niegodziwej przysięgi. Powoływanie się na autorytet Piotra uwarunkowane jest sprawowaną funkcją i okolicznościami.
Tytuły cesarskie w pismach Lucyfera z Cagliari
Authors: Wilk Piotr
Published: September 2024

Artykuł przedstawia, jakie tytuły Lucyfer z Cagliari stosuje wobec cesarza Konstancjusza II. Główna część pracy poprzedzona jest krótkim wstępem, który zawiera podstawowe informacje o Autorze i jego dziełach. W zasadniczej części opisano wybrane konteksty użycia poszczególnych grup tytułów oraz funkcje jakie one pełnią. Biskup stosował tytuły, aby wyrazić ironię, wykazać władcy błąd oraz nakłonić go do nawrócenia. Zestawiono też tytuły stosowane wobec monarchy z tytułami stosowanymi wobec innych osób oraz z tytułami, jakie używał Hilary z Poitiers wobec Konstancjusza II.
Miejsce i kontekst odniesień do pism św. Augustyna z Hippony w "Liber de divinis officiis" Ruperta z Deutz OSB
Authors: Pałęcki Waldemar
Published: September 2024

Teologowie średniowiecza w imię zasady jednomyślności (unanimitas) powoływali się w swoich dziełach na pisma Ojców Kościoła, aby uwiarygodnić swój przekaz. Przykładem są traktaty objaśniające alegorycznie liturgię, wśród których znajduje się Liber de divinis officiis Ruperta z Deutz OSB (1075/76-1129). Problemem badawczym jest wskazanie miejsc, w których Rupert z Deutz bezpośrednio odwołuje się do pism św. Augustyna oraz ich kontekst w objaśnianej przez niego liturgii rzymskiej. Strukturę przeprowadzonej analizy stanowią miejsca występowania odniesień do św. Augustyna zgodnie z konstrukcją dzieła Ruperta z Deutz. W artykule zastosowano metodę historyczno-krytyczną, uzupełnioną o analizę kontekstową i opisową. W wyniku analizy stwierdzono, że Rupert niekiedy nieco inaczej interpretuje myśl św. Augustyna (np. interpretacja wymiarów krzyża) czy używa argumentacji Biskupa z Hippony do innych treści teologicznych (np. objaśnianie oktawy Wielkanocy). Bezpośrednie odniesienia oparł on na następujących pismach św. Augustyna: De civitate Dei, De doctrina christiana, De fide et symbolo, Enarrationes in Psalmos, Epistula 265, In Iohannis euangelium tractatus. Artykuł ukazuje recepcję nauczania św. Augustyna w średniowieczu na przykładzie Liber de divinis officiis Ruperta z Deutz w odniesieniu do objaśniania liturgii rzymskiej.
Восстановление профиля электронной температуры плазмы по данным диагностики электронного циклотронного излучения и относительная калибровка ее частотных каналов в режиме омического нагрева плазмы в стеллараторе Л-2М
Authors: Мещеряков А. И. , Гришина И. А.
Published: September 2024

Предложена методика восстановления профиля электронной температуры в условиях, когда интегральный коэффициент поглощения электронного циклотронного (ЭЦ) излучения меньше единицы. Проведено численное моделирование плазмы в режиме омического нагрева для стелларатора Л-2М. Показано, что профиль радиационной температуры, построенный по данным диагностики ЭЦ-излучения в режиме омического нагрева, требует значительной коррекции. Ширина профиля оказывается меньше, чем ширина истинного профиля температуры, а центральная температура плазмы занижена примерно на 30%. Предложен новый метод относительной калибровки каналов диагностики ЭЦ-излучения в режиме омического нагрева. Полученные калибровочные коэффициенты могут быть использованы при проведении измерений температуры плазмы в режиме электронного циклотронного резонансного нагрева.
НЕРІВНОСТІ ТИПУ ЧЕБИШЕВА ДЛЯ ІНТЕГРАЛІВ ПО НЕОБМЕЖЕНИХ ПРОМІЖКАХ
Authors: Чайченко Станіслав , Шотт Вікторія
Published: September 2024

В роботі доведено нерівності типу Чебишева для рядів та інтегралів по необмежених проміжках інтегрування.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ДОПОВНЕНОЇ РЕАЛЬНОСТІ ПІД ЧАС ВИВЧЕННЯ ГЕОМЕТРІЇ В ЗАКЛАДАХ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Беседін Борис , Одінцова Єлизавета
Published: September 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню використання технології доповненої реальності під час вивчення геометрії в закладах загальної середньої освіти. Розглядаються переваги та можливості використання AR-технологій в навчальному процесі, особливо в контексті вивчення геометрії. Дослідження включає в себе аналіз впливу засобів доповненої реальності на залучення учнів до навчання, покращення їх розуміння геометричних концепцій та підвищення мотивації до вивчення предмету загалом. Результати представленого дослідження можуть бути корисними для вчителів, які цікавляться різноманітними інноваційними засобами для покращення навчального процесу.
РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ STEAM-ПРОЄКТІВ НА УРОКАХ МАТЕМАТИКИ В СУЧАСНІЙ ШКОЛІ
Authors: Кайдан Наталія , Соколова Поліна
Published: September 2024

У статті розглянуто проєктну діяльність, як засіб реалізації STEAM-освіти у навчально-виховному процесі в сучасній школі. Розглянуто та проаналізовано процес використання проєктної діяльності як засіб реалізації STEAM-освіти в сучасній школі. Наведено етапи та принципи реалізації STEAM-проєктів.
Educación virtual: empleo, ciudadanía y autonomía docente
Authors: Silva Montes César
Published: September 2024

En el marco de la pandemia que obligó a impartir clases en línea, se analizaron dos variables: la formación para el empleo y la ciudadanía, así como los efectos del uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) en la autonomía del docente y la eficacia de su enseñanza. En este artículo, se reflexiona sobre cómo conciliar la formación para el trabajo y la ciudadanía en un mundo en el que desaparecen empleos debido a la automatización de la manufactura y la utilización del software educativo en la enseñanza. Por lo tanto, existe la necesidad de evitar que los algoritmos y programas de cómputo sustituyan los contenidos y la didáctica, así como no caer en el determinismo tecnológico como medio para mejorar la enseñanza. Así las cosas, a través de este escrito, se pretende promover la formación ciudadana y reflexionar sobre el uso de las TIC como un medio y no como un fin. En cuanto al método de análisis, se basó en la etnografía, ya que el investigador es parte del estudio y registra los datos desde la observación participante en la cotidianidad escolar. Además, se llevó a cabo un registro detallado de los acontecimientos observados en un diario de campo.
Graph Convolutional Networks and Graph Attention Networks for Approximating Arguments Acceptability
Authors: Cibier Paul , Mailly Jean-Guy
Published: September 2024

Various approaches have been proposed for providing efficient computational approaches for abstract argumentation. Among them, neural networks have permitted to solve various decision problems, notably related to arguments (credulous or skeptical) acceptability. In this work, we push further this study in various ways. First, relying on the state-of-the-art approach AFGCN, we show how we can improve the performances of the Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) regarding both runtime and accuracy. Then, we show that it is possible to improve even more the efficiency of the approach by modifying the architecture of the network, using Graph Attention Networks (GATs) instead.
Parsing Graphical Summaries from Argumentative Dialogues
Authors: Clayton Jonathan , Damonte Marco , Gaizauskas Robert
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we introduce a novel Argument Mining task based on the existing task of Argument Structure Parsing (ASP). Our new task, which we call ASG Parsing, is the task of generating Argument Summary Graphs (ASGs) from dialogical argumentative text. We release a dataset containing ASGs, a type of graphical summary for argumentative dialogues, in which the nodes are summaries of statements and the edges are the argumentative relations between them (support or attack). We approach the problem with two different LLM-based solutions: (a) a pipeline system involving two models separately fine-tuned for summarisation and stance detection; and (b) an end-to-end system based on the TANL (Translation between Augmented Natural Languages) framework [1]. We show that the TANL approach outperforms the pipeline approach across the board. We also show that, for all systems, performance degrades as the depth of the graphs increases.
An Argumentation Scheme-Based Framework for Automatic Reconstruction of Natural Language Enthymemes
Authors: Delas Zvonimir , Plüss Brian , Ruiz-Dolz Ramon
Published: September 2024

An important open challenge in the area of computational argumentation is the automatic reconstruction of natural language enthymemes. Such argumentative figures are commonly used in natural language human discourse to improve the naturalness and efficiency of speech. They also represent a major challenge when developing computational argumentation systems that need to work with natural language data, since enthymemes bring irregularity to the representations proposed in classical models of argumentation. In this paper, we propose a new framework based on the theory of argumentation schemes aimed at automatically reconstructing natural language enthymemes. The proposed framework consists of a two-module pipeline: (i) scheme classification, and (ii) enthymeme reconstruction. We validate the proposed framework by comparing its performance to a baseline pipeline that does not take the argumentation scheme theory into account. We evaluate the framework by analysing the validity of the complete reconstructed arguments, establishing a new set of baselines that can be used as reference for future work in this direction.
Dialogical Argumentation for Behaviour Change with Multiple Persuasion Goals
Authors: Hunter Anthony
Published: September 2024

Proposals for strategies for dialogical argumentation often focus on situations where one of the agents wins the dialogue and the other agent loses. Yet in real-world argumentation, it is common for agents to not view a dialogue as a zero-sum game. Rather, the agents may enter into a dialogue with divergent but not diametrically opposing views on what is important (e.g. a doctor trying to persuade a patient to give up smoking when the patient would like to be healthy but gets some pleasure from smoking). Furthermore, there may be multiple persuasion goals (e.g. reduce smoking of cigarettes to 20 per day, or 10 per day, or 5 per day, or 1 per day, or 0 per day, where the doctor prefers 0 per day most, and 20 per day least, whereas the patient might prefer 5 per day most, and 20 per day and 0 per day least). In order to develop persuasive chatbots that support this kind of behaviour change application, this paper presents dialogue protocols, and a strategy for a chatbot, to optimize choice of moves.
Complexity of Semi-Stable Semantics in Abstract Dialectical Frameworks
Authors: Keshavarzi Zafarghandi Atefeh , Wallner Johannes P.
Published: September 2024

Abstract dialectical frameworks (ADFs) have been introduced as a formalism for modeling and evaluating argumentation, allowing for general logical acceptance conditions of arguments. Different criteria used to settle the acceptance of arguments are called semantics. Two-valued semantics of ADFs reflect the ‘black-and-white’ character of classical logic in non-monotonic frameworks. Stable semantics of ADFs were introduced to exclude cycles of self-justification of arguments among two-valued models. The stable semantics faces the challenge of potential non-existence of stable models. However, one might still want to draw conclusions even in case that an ADF has no two-valued models or stable models. Recently, the notions of semi-two-valued semantics and semi-stable semantics were introduced for ADFs. In the current work, we study the computational complexity of these two novel semantics. We show that the complexity of the semi-stable semantics is in general one level up in the polynomial hierarchy, compared to the stable semantics. We study the prominent reasoning tasks of credulous and skeptical reasoning, as well as the verification problem.
Finding Relevant Updates in Incomplete Argumentation Frameworks
Authors: Odekerken Daphne
Published: September 2024

Incomplete argumentation frameworks (IAFs) are abstract argumentation frameworks that encode qualitative uncertainty by distinguishing between certain and uncertain arguments and attacks. In a completion of an IAF, each uncertain argument or attack is either added (made certain) or removed. Given a completion, the acceptability of an argument is determined by its justification status. For arguments in an IAF that do not have the same justification status in each completion, it is interesting to study which uncertain arguments and attacks are relevant, in the sense that adding or removing them can lead to a different justification status. We propose algorithms based on Answer Set Programming for enumerating relevant arguments and attacks under grounded and complete semantics.
An Empirical Study of Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks for Truth Discovery
Authors: Potyka Nico , Booth Richard
Published: September 2024

Truth discovery networks evaluate the trustworthiness of sources (e.g., websites) and their claims (e.g., the severity of a virus). Intuitively, the more trustworthy the sources of a claim, the more believable the claim and vice versa. Singleton noted that bipolar abstract argumentation could be a natural way to reason about these networks. We explain how this idea can be implemented naturally by quantitative bipolar argumentation frameworks (QBAFs) that we call TD-QBAFs. While most applications of QBAFs result in a (nearly) acyclic structure, TD-QBAFs have bi-directional edges and can feature complex cycles. The stability (convergence behaviour) of QBAFs in cyclic graphs is currently not well understood. While pathological examples of divergent QBAFs have been constructed, the problems seemed unlikely to occur in practice. However, convergence problems seem to be the rule rather than the exception for TD-QBAFs. We demonstrate how common QBAF semantics can fail to converge for very simple TD-QBAFs and discuss some of the potential causes. While this shows limitations of existing semantics, we also discuss how some previously proposed ideas can be used to mitigate the problems and demonstrate their effectiveness empirically.
A Nonmonotonic Proof Theory for Dialectical Argumentation Under Bounded Resources
Authors: van Berkel Kees , Modgil Sanjay
Published: September 2024

This paper makes a proof-theoretic contribution to resource-bounded dialectical argumentation. Practical deployment of argumentation-based nonmonotonic reasoning can benefit from integration of proof-theoretic means for construction and evaluation of arguments, while accommodating agents with bounded resources. We present a nonmonotonic proof system that implements a generalization of dialectical argumentation, adopting arguments that differentiate between committed and supposed premises, while integrating rules for constructing arguments. The proof system adopts annotations to capture the changing status of arguments in a derivation and employs annotation revision rules that evaluate the dialectical acceptability of these arguments, yielding rational outcomes under resource bounds. Soundness and completeness is shown for the dialectical grounded semantics.
Strategising in Dialogues Handling Forward Extension of Enthymemes
Authors: Xydis Andreas , Moraru Ionut , Sklar Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

A common assumption for argumentation-based dialogues is that any argument exchanged is complete, i.e. its premises entail its claim. However, in real world dialogues, agents commonly exchange enthymemes - arguments with incomplete logical structure. This paper expands a previous dialogue system which accommodates enthymemes whose premises do not directly entail the claim of the intended argument, by broadening the way participants reveal its missing elements. It also provides a rational strategy for them to generate a dialogue, without making assumptions for the argument their counterpart intends when they move an enthymeme. Such dialogue will terminate while its moves will have the correct acceptability status. Thus, we capture more realistic scenarios of how a dialogue may unfold and we provide a specific method for computational systems to address such cases, ensuring that the dialogue outcome is the appropriate one.
Pengaruh Keahlian Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP Terhadap Literasi Lingkungan dan Literasi Digital
Authors: Az Zahra Fatimah , Nabila Siti Ulfa , Putra Fredi Ganda
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahuiagaimana literasi lingkungan dan literasi digital mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir kritis matematika di SMP Negeri Kecamatan Jati Agung. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan taraf signifikansi = 0,05. Analisis ini menggunakan tiga uji, yaitu; uji t, uji F, dan uji koefisien determinasi (R2). Hasil uji t didapat nilai p-value = 0,018 pada tes literasi lingkungan, sehingga dapat dinyatakan H0 ditolak, yang artinya terdapat pengaruh dari litarisi lingkungan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis, selanjutnya antara kemampuan literasi digital dengan berpikir kritis matematis mempunyai nilai p-value yakni 0,021 sehingga H0 ditolak yang berarti terdapat dampak yang drastis. H0 ditolak . Hasil dari uji F dengan taraf signifikansi a = 0,05 dan p-value 0,005 memperlihatkan jika literasi lingkungan dan literasi digital mempunyai hubungan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis murid. Hasil pada koefisen determinasi diperoleh nilai R square sebesar 0,042, artinya pengaruh dari variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen sebesar 4,2%.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕХАНІЗМУ ВПЛИВУ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ НА ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНО УКОРІНЕНОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ ТА БЕЗПЕКИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Міщенко В.І. , Тіщенко Є.О.
Published: September 2024

Дослідження присвячено обґрунтуванню методологічних засад формування механізму впливу цифровізації на забезпечення національно укоріненої стійкості та безпеки економічного розвитку. Проведено класифікацію видів господарських механізмів, визначено завдання, ключові принципи, методи та інструменти формування і використання механізму впливу цифровізації на економіку, обґрунтовано головні складові та розроблено структурно-логічну схему його функціонування. Запропоновано систему індикаторів для оцінки ефективності функціонування механізму впливу цифровізації на забезпечення національно укоріненої стійкості та безпеки економічного розвитку. Розроблені рекомендації сприятимуть вдосконаленню інституційних складових цього механізму та підвищенню ефективності реалізації заходів державної політики у сфері цифрової трансформації та підтримки розвитку ІТ-сектору.
ЕКОНОМІЧНА ДИНАМІКА УКРАЇНИ У 2024 РОЦІ: ВВП, БЮДЖЕТНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ ТА ПЛАТІЖНИЙ БАЛАНС
Authors: Сторощук Б.Д. , Кукуруза Г.В. , Morar Viktoriia
Published: September 2024

Економічні зміни в Україні у 2024 році привертають значну увагу науковців, політиків та міжнародних експертів. Поточний рік характеризується змінами в макроекономічних показниках, що відображають як внутрішні економічні процеси, так і зовнішні впливи. Вивчення таких аспектів, як валовий внутрішній продукт (ВВП), бюджетні показники та платіжний баланс є ключовим для розуміння поточної економічної ситуації та прогнозування майбутніх тенденцій. Ця стаття аналізує динаміку ВВП, визначаючи основні фактори, що вплинули на його зростання або спад. Робота включає прогнози майбутнього розвитку економіки України на основі отриманих даних. Дослідження визначає вплив політичних та соціальних факторів на економіку країни. Дана інформація буде корисна урядовим структурам, бізнесу та міжнародним організаціям, які зацікавлені у розвитку української економіки.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ADAPTATION OF AGRARIAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP TO THE PRINCIPLES OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN COURSE THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
Authors:   National Scientific Centre “Institute of Agrarian Economics” National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Shpykuliak Oleksandr ,   Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Shelenko Diana ,   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University
Published: September 2024

The priority directions for ensuring the organizational and institutional adaptation of agrarian entrepreneurship in Ukraine to EU requirements regarding the implementation of the European Green Course roadmap are characterized. It has been proven that the transition to a "green" course aims to introduce the best global practices that can be used in the Ukrainian agricultural sector. Proposals are outlined regarding the need to draw attention to the development of sectors of the "green" economy and the need to form an appropriate industry policy that organizationally and institutionally corresponds to the motives of international economic integration. The concept of the mechanism of the transition of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine to the conditions of the European Green Course is generalized. The article examines the problems faced by subjects of agrarian entrepreneurship on the path of transforming the economy to the conditions of globalization. It has been highlighted that the use of green technologies will help increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises both during the war and after its end. The results of the survey on the annual assessment of the progress of companies in meeting their commitments on climate change were developed, which allowed to assess how they are meeting their commitments, where they face difficulties and what can be done to further improve the transition to the European Green Course. Institutional features in the EU countries are outlined, which vary not only between the countries themselves, but also within them, depending on the level of development and mechanisms for protecting the agricultural sector. It has been proven that the "green" economy aims to alter incentives within the economic system so that public and private investments take into account all the costs and benefits they generate. This will contribute to the redistribution of human and financial capital to improve people's well-being and promote sustainable development. The results of the study show that the adaptation of agrarian entrepreneurship to the conditions of the European Green Course should be consistent with a clear regulatory policy of the state, providing new information about critical processes that can affect practical efforts to reform policies to create a "green" economy.
Use of pressor algometry in a patient with cervical dorsopathy
Authors: Belash V. O.
Published: September 2024

Dorsopathies are large and disparate group of diseases of the musculoskeletal and articular-ligamentous apparatus of the spine, which are united by the presence of pain syndrome in the trunk and extremities. Pain as a clinical phenomenon is one of the most diffi cult to interpret complaints encountered in medical practice. Despite the signifi cance of the problem, there are still diffi culties in objectivising and assessing the severity of the pain syndrome. Currently, methods of pain status assessment can be divided into objective, based on the analysis of the level of induced pain and instrumental registration of results; and subjective, such as the use of visual analogue pain scale. At the same time, the assessment of pain and painfulness from the position of osteopathic methodology is an important link in the course of distinguishing the prevalent component of DM, as well as in the framework of differential diagnosis. However, in practice, there may be some diffi culties in objectifying the degree of pain severity and assessing its change on the background of treatment. If for pain it is possible to use the analogue scales already mentioned, there is no such possibility to assess painfulness. We have described a clinical case to study the possibility of using pressor algometry in a patient with cervical dorsopathy to assess pain sensitivity (painfulness) and select correction techniques.
The method of the etiological factor′s evaluation of the gingival recession, with count of their′s separately and common complicity in the pathogenesis
Authors: Nosova M. A. , Sharov A. N. , Trunin D. A. , Posnikov M. A. , Aptekar I. A. , Privalova K. A.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Gingival recession is a highly relevant and common dental pathology. The prevalence of recession ranges from 45,5 to 99,3 % in people of different ages, with the risk of gingival recession increasing with age. The true etiology of gingival recession, its components and the degree of their influence, jointly or separately; the influence of the environment and lifestyle on the development of pathology are poorly understood. In the literature, for example, there is no classification of etiological factors according to the degree of their influence as triggers of gingival recession. It is of scientific interest to study the causes of gingival recession, their systematisation and assessment of the degree of influence of each factor separately and together.

The aim of the study is to develop a classification system of etiological factors taking into account their significance and degree of influence on the formation of gingival recessions.

Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific literature, methods of classification and structuring; methods of decomposition, integration and determination of cause-and-effect relationships.

Results. A model of classification of factors of the etiology of gingival recessions was proposed, elements of the structure of etiological factors of gingival recessions were determined by the degree of their influence on pathogenesis.

Conclusion. Conclusions. The study and understanding of the etiology of gingival recessions allows the clinician to select a personalised treatment taking into account individual characteristics that influence the recession occurrence and its condition: congenital and acquired factors; living conditions, habits, level of hygiene, as well as other components that aggravate or compensate for the degree and level of complexity of any recession - single, multiple or generalised. It is advisable to continue the study of literature data to expand the classification and detail the structure of etiological factors.
Financial and economic assessment of the activities of construction enterprises
Authors: Yefremenko Viktoriia , Hordiienko Viktoriia , Spytsia Roman
Published: September 2024

The article examines the scientific approaches of Ukrainian scientists in the analysis of the main financial and economic indicators of enterprise activity, financial management, the financial state of construction enterprises, as well as the state and features of the development of the construction industry. It was established that issues related to the effective management of financial resources of construction enterprises and the nature of their adoption should be deeply studied and researched, with the aim of more perfect systematization, improvement and generalization in modern business conditions. The concept of the financial state of the enterprise, its essence and tasks are revealed. The importance of the financial and economic assessment of the construction enterprise's activity, the purpose of such an assessment and directions are determined. It has been proven that financial and economic analysis is the foundation for building a financial management system for a construction enterprise. The main groups of financial and economic indicators of the company's activity were analyzed, and their classification was provided. The importance of conducting an analysis of liquidity indicators, profitability indicators and financial stability indicators at the enterprise to determine the efficiency of any enterprise, in particular construction, is substantiated. It was established that in the financial and economic evaluation of the activity of a construction enterprise, a cost analysis is mandatory, which is carried out to evaluate the results of the enterprise's activity and rational management of profit and the vital activity of the enterprise largely depends on the degree of providing financial profit with resources and the degree of profit achieved in the process cost formation. It is well-founded that the final results of the work of any enterprise are evaluated by the level of economic activity of the enterprise, that is, the total amount of profit per unit of resources. Measures are proposed to improve the component processes of conducting and ensuring the analysis and assessment of the financial and economic status of construction enterprises and the requirements for the organizational and economic support of these processes are defined.
Features of the impact of digitalization of accounting on the business processes of enterprises
Authors: Panasyuk Valentyna , Muzhevych Nataliia
Published: September 2024

The article examines the trend in the development of services and the provision of qualified electronic signatures and electronic seals for use by business entities, including those that use registrars of settlement transactions. It was determined that the development of digital methods of processing and receiving information by state bodies leads to the need for the mandatory use of digital technologies by business entities, which ultimately requires appropriate methodological support for the implementation of such changes in the field of the document flow of accounting, statistical and tax documents since certain reporting forms following tax legislation are sent to tax authorities exclusively in electronic form. The understanding of the concept of mandatory details of an electronic document, as well as its definition in the main legislative acts that are used by state bodies and to which the business entity submits financial, statistical and other types of reporting in electronic format, is analyzed. The main organizational advantages of conducting digital accounting due to the use of cloud technologies for storing information and electronic data on transactions carried out among counterparties for their further use in repetitive operations are presented, i.e., the creation of a modern working environment for further digital accounting and reporting, which ensures its functionality and physical security employees, economy and information flexibility. Organizational approaches to the system of digital accounting with the help of automated data collection and storage in cloud data warehouses for the formation of primary documents and reporting in real-time in terms of counterparties and standardized reporting forms are considered. It has been established that the development of digital accounting is a consistent trend of changing the state's approaches to interaction with business and is also directly related to the development of information technologies, and is an inevitable change to traditional paper approaches in the conditions of digital transformation of the world economy.
The essence of internal economic control and its organization at garment enterprises
Authors: Mikhalevich Svitlana
Published: September 2024

The article substantiates the role of internal economic control in the garment production management system. The essence of internal economic control has been studied. The review of literary sources made it possible to distinguish different approaches of scientists to the interpretation of the studied category, namely: intra-economic control is separated into a separate, independent management function; into the system, which is carried out by management personnel; as a complex of interconnected and interdependent elements that form a single whole. The characteristic features of intra-economic control have been identified, which are: performance of control functions by persons who are members of this enterprise and represent its interests; comprehensive, systematic inspection of production and financial and economic activities; providing feedback between the structural divisions of the enterprise, the object and the management body. The author's vision of intra-economic control as a special management function aimed at systematic and continuous inspection of the controlled object by persons representing the interests of the enterprise is presented. The classification of internal economic control by the time of its implementation is considered: previous, current, next. It has been investigated that at sewing enterprises the objects of preliminary control are: commercial agreements for the supply of goods and material values; foreign economic (tolling) contracts for the processing of consumer raw materials; contractual obligations and operations on the movement of production stocks. The role and significance of preliminary control in the activity of sewing enterprises are revealed. The main approaches and significance of ongoing control in cutting shops for compliance with fabric consumption norms and other operations are disclosed. The peculiarity of the following control at sewing enterprises was investigated. In order to create a rational movement of information flows of control information, the stages of implementation of intra-economic control by its types (previous, current, next) are proposed. Thus, the objects of preliminary control at sewing enterprises are a preliminary assessment of the expediency of drawing up contracts both for the supply of materials and for the processing of customer raw materials, as well as the development of master indicators of material consumption norms. The following areas of its implementation are defined as the objects of current control, such as the receipt of materials, their release into production and use by centers of responsibility. The next control should ensure compliance with spending norms and inventory. For each type of internal economic control, in addition to the objects of control, the persons responsible for its implementation and the methods of using the obtained information are determined.
Digitization and cyber security in ensuring the banks security in wartime conditions
Authors: Sytnyk Nataliіa , Polovchak Iryna
Published: September 2024

One of the main trends in banking in the modern world is the use of digital technologies. The implementation of digital technologies in banking contributes to the development of an inclusive society, the availability and improvement of the quality of financial services, financial literacy and culture, and management efficiency. Digitization has provided new opportunities for increasing banks' competitiveness and increasing the number of customers and institutions' profits. At the same time, it has caused new challenges and threats related to ensuring the confidentiality of information, mistrust and limited access to digital technologies, insufficient level of digital competencies, cyber-attacks, etc. The purpose of the article is to analyze trends in the financial security of Ukrainian banks in the conditions of war and rapid digitization, as well as to analyze possible cyber threats to the banking system of Ukraine. The article determines Ukraine's place in the Digital Competitiveness Rating for 2017–2022. An analysis of the main indicators of digitalization of Ukrainian banks during 2018–2023 was conducted, which showed a high level of digitalization. To assess the impact of digitalization on the financial security of banks, the dynamics of changes in the main indicators of banking institutions of Ukraine during 2018–2023 were studied. Based on this, the level of financial security of banks was determined using indicators and an integral indicator. Thus, during the analyzed period, the level of financial security of banks was assessed as unsatisfactory. It is emphasized that the digitalization of the banking sector poses a serious threat – a large number of cyber attacks and fraud, which has an extremely negative impact on the level of financial security of banks. Measures and methods of ensuring the cyber security of banks by the NBU in the conditions of a large-scale invasion of Ukraine are considered. The article analyzes the main trends in the financial security of Ukrainian banks in the context of digitalization for the period from 2018 to 2022, which showed an increase in the number of cyber attacks on the banking sector. It has been proven that the war on the territory of Ukraine has a negative effect on the functioning of the banking system. However, thanks to the effective regulatory activities of the National Bank of Ukraine, the banking system quickly adapted to negative changes, and despite military actions, terror and cyber attacks, continues its work. Digitization of the banking system remains an important factor in the development and promotion of the state's economy. It opens up new perspectives for improving customer experience, increasing efficiency and implementing innovations.
Investment attractiveness of Ukraine in conditions of prolonged war
Authors: Viblyi Petro , Popadynets Mariia
Published: September 2024

The article indicates the impact of investments on the economy of Ukraine and investigates the investment potential in the conditions of a protracted war and the investment attractiveness of Ukraine in the conditions of a prolonged war. The important mechanism for stimulating investment activity, namely state support of the authorities in the form of compensation of a part of the interest rate and provision of state guarantees for loans is considered. Negative factors that significantly affected the process of attracting investments in the development of the economy, namely the development of the country and its economy in the conditions of war, are also presented; lack of protection and state guarantee mechanisms for foreign investments. Nevertheless, the main problems that concern investors when investing in the military economy have been revealed. The article describes why Ukraine remains attractive for investment in the face of a full-scale invasion and its potential in the face of a protracted war. It indicates how to ensure the stable development of investment attractiveness. The platform for potential foreign investors is mentioned, which collects more than 500 investment projects and opportunities in 10 sectors of the economy that have significant investment potential, namely: the defense industry, metallurgy and metal processing, energy, natural resources, agricultural sector, transport infrastructure, manufacturing, woodworking and furniture manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, advanced technologies. It also indicates which sector suffered the least losses from the war and retained 95% of contract volumes. This paper describes what is necessary to ensure the stable development of investment attractiveness. It is stated that Ukraine should reform its economy and improve the business environment by improving the legal system, fighting corruption, ensuring intellectual property rights and promoting entrepreneurship and innovation. Possible ways to attract investments in the conditions of a long-term war are indicated. It analyzes how Ukrainians invest during the war and which investment strategy they choose. It is noted that the agreement with the G7 and the EU on investment guarantees provides for the receipt of long-term and economically beneficial loans from international financial organizations, such as the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the European Investment Bank.
Crowdfunding and crowdlending as alternative ways of financing in Ukraine
Authors: Yurchyshena Liudmyla , Bartosh Adriana , Shcherbata Anna
Published: September 2024

In the modern conditions of the development of innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine, there is an important need to use the latest methods of attracting capital. Because of the successful foreign experience, one of the most common methods is crowdfunding and crowdlending. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of crowdfunding and crowdlending as modern ways of financing business, analyze the activities of domestic crowdfunding platforms in Ukraine and identify factors that inhibit the development of crowdfunding and crowdlending in Ukraine. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scientists, the article investigated the essence of using crowdfunding and crowdlending as alternative sources of financing business ideas, startups, and projects in Ukraine in the conditions of innovative development of modern technologies. As a result of the study, the main advantages and disadvantages of using these two methods of financing are summarized. The main participants of these financial instruments are defined, the model of the organization of crowdfunding as a method of financing is highlighted, and the role of online platforms, through which funds are raised to finance the projects presented on them, is clarified. The dynamics of the average financing of crowdfunding campaigns on the market of Ukraine and the number of successfully closed crowdfunding campaigns during 2017–2023 were analyzed. The functioning of domestic crowdfunding platforms has been investigated and substantiated. Presented are modern crowdfunding platforms such as «Big Idea», «GoF», «My City» and «RazomGO», which help in financing many projects throughout Ukraine. The «Big Idea» platform is known as one of the leading Ukrainian leaders in the field of crowdfunding, so an analysis of the number of successfully implemented projects on the «Big Idea» platform was carried out. The reasons hindering the progress of modern financing methods in Ukraine have been identified and analyzed, and recommendations for its further development in our country have been proposed. The implementation of the above innovative forms of financing in Ukraine requires the creation of favorable legal regulations, raising public awareness and ensuring the development of reliable specialized platforms.
Comprehensive well-being strategy for companies: innovative approaches and trends
Authors: Varis Iryna , Kravchuk Oksana , Zaytseva Polina
Published: September 2024

This study examines the current topic of the well-being of employees in modern companies. The growing importance of this concept in the context of modern dynamic lifestyles, stressful situations, and global challenges that negatively affect physical, mental, and social well-being is substantiated. A retrospective review of the evolution of the well-being concept from ancient times to the present is presented, emphasizing its complex nature and coverage of various aspects of human life. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine on people's well-being is presented, highlighting the problems of physical and mental health, and changes in the work environment. Analysis of current trends and initiatives in the field of well-being in the corporate environment is carried out, including flexible working conditions, physical and mental health programs, financial literacy measures, ergonomic arrangement of workplaces, healthy eating programs, environmental initiatives, measures to strengthen social cohesion of teams, personnel development programs, promotion of diversity and inclusion, family-oriented benefits, digital well-being practices, and integration well-being into the employer's value proposition. Based on the study, a comprehensive universal well-being strategy for companies is presented, covering several key areas: flexible working conditions, physical and mental health initiatives, financial well-being measures, ergonomic workplaces, healthy eating programs, environmental responsibility, social inclusion, staff development, diversity and inclusion, family-oriented benefits, digital well-being and integration of well-being into the employer brand. The importance of adapting a universal strategy to the specific needs and goals of a particular organization, industry specifics, company size, resources, etc., is emphasized. The need for regular monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of the implemented well-being programs is emphasized to make appropriate adjustments and improve the strategy. This study provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and implementing employee well-being strategies in the modern corporate landscape, offering valuable insights for organizations seeking to enhance their approach to employee wellness and organizational success.
Дослідження та аналіз мікротвердості обробленої поверхні прокатних валів
Authors: Мелконов Г.Л.
Published: September 2024

В даній роботі наукові дослідження спрямовані на вивчення мікротвердості поверхневого шару валка, як однієї з важливих проблем у машинобудуванні. Мікротвердість і глибина наклепу поверхневого шару є одними з основних показників якості поверхні, що грають одну з найважливіших ролей при остаточній обробці готового виробу. Виходячи з цього питання дослідження та вивчення мікротвердості обробленої поверхні токарних валів при чистовому точенні чашковими рецесії, що примусово обертаються, є актуальним і затребуваним в сучасному виробництві, а особливо в машинобудуванні. Проведені в роботі дослідження дали можливість для визначення ступеня та глибини наклепаного шару в залежності від режимів різання та кута схрещування осей інструменту та заготівлі. Так само в роботі зроблено та представлено аналіз отриманих результатів у результаті дослідження. У роботі показано при яких параметрах режимів різання та кута схрещування отримано значення глибини наклепаного шару та ступеня наклепу. Також у роботі виведена емпірична формула залежності ступеня наклепаного шару від режимів різання та кута схрещування, що дає можливість вирішення поставленої мети роботи. Так як при постачанні обладнання сортових станів машинобудівні компанії та підприємства передають клієнту калібрування валків для передбачуваного профільного сортаменту, розроблені власними калібрувальними бюро, вони не займаються питанням даних калібрування та далеко не завжди мають такі властивості, як універсальність, економічність і гнучкість, що є важливим при кінцевому завершенні технологічного процесу.  Тому головне завдання інженерів в галузі машинобудування – є забезпечення клієнта обладнанням для стабільного випуску кінцевої продукції, але при цьому максимально скоротивши терміни введення в дію. Тож приділена увага дослідженню та вивченню мікротвердості обробленої поверхні прокатних валів у разі використання для чистової обробки чашечних різців, що примусово обертаються є актуальним питанням. Вивчення мікротвердості проводилося залежно від режимів різання та кута схрещування осей валу та інструменту.