bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of work on the health of workers from textile hub in a semi-arid region of Brazil
Authors: Queiroz Ramberta M. L. T. , Alves Beatriz Da C. A. , Da Veiga Glaucia L. , Sousa Luis Vinícius De A. , Loduca Vagner , Adami Fernando , Fonseca Fernando L. A.
Published: May 2021

Background: The main activity in the textile hub is to turn fibers into yarn, yarn into cloth and cloth into textile articles for household use. The aim of this study was to identify the occupational hazards in the textile industry.Methods: This is a transversal descriptive study that took place in the textile hub of Brazil. The environmental risk prevention program (PPRA) of the companies was used to analyse the workers' complaints through their occupational health records and to examine the collected data along with the effects on the worker's health after one year of work. A total of 128 workers took part in this study, with a mean age of 27.2 years. The statistical analysis was performed by using the software SPSS 20.0.Results: A year after, an increase in leisure time was observed thanks to the workers' monthly salaries, but an increase in hospitalization rate was noted, and hearing loss could also be detected.Conclusions: Therefore, the health of these workers was affected after one year of work.
Patterns of lifestyle risk behaviors among Saudi Arabian school students
Authors: Alzahrani Saeed G.
Published: May 2021

Background: Lifestyle risk behaviours initiated at a young age tend to remain in adulthood. Clustering of lifestyle risk behaviours has negative cumulative effects on health. The aim of this study was to examine patterns of clustering lifestyle risk behaviours (smoking, physical inactivity, high sugars intake, low fruits and vegetables intake, and infrequent tooth brushing) among younger and older Saudi male adolescents.Methods: A stratified cluster random sample of 1213 Saudi Arabian male school students living in Riyadh city answered adapted WHO health behaviour in school-aged children (HBSC) questionnaire on health-related behaviours. The patterns of clustering lifestyle risk behaviours were assessed using an observed to expected ratio (O/E) method.Results: The results showed that 10 (in older adolescents) and 09 (in younger adolescents) out of 27 combinations of lifestyle risk behaviors clustered. The combination of three risk behaviors (smoking, physical inactivity and high sugars intake) clustered with the highest O/E ratio of 3.16 among younger adolescents, while the combination of (smoking, high sugars intake and low fruits/vegetables intake) was among older adolescents with O/E: of 1.67.Conclusions: The current study identifies patterns of clustering lifestyle risk behaviours among younger and older Saudi male adolescents. Identification of these patterns is important for health promotion interventions.
Knowledge, burden and coping strategies among caregivers of thalassemic children attending thalassemia day care centre of selected hospital, Jodhpur
Authors: . Pushpa , Rani Raj , Nebhinani Mamta
Published: May 2021

Background: Thalassemia is a blood disorder characterized by the reduction or absence in the synthesis of the globin chains of hemoglobin. Nearly 10% of children suffering from Thalassemia are being registered as new cases every year in Rajasthan. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge, burden and coping strategies among caregivers of thalassemic children.Methods: Data were collected from 150 caregivers of thalassemic children selected by purposive sampling technique at Umaid hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Data collection tool included self-structured knowledge questionnaire, Burden scale and Structured Brief COPE scale.Results: Equal numbers 36% and 35.33% of caregivers were having poor and good level of knowledge respectively, knowledge levels of the subjects were found to have significant association with monthly family income (p value=0.000), education (p value=0.007) and place of living (p value=0.000). 74.3% of caregivers reported moderate level of burden. Burden levels of the subjects were found to have significant association with Monthly family income (p value=0.000), and place of living (p value=0.000). Adaptive coping strategies were more evident as compare to maladaptive strategies. Conclusions: Knowledge was significantly lacking regarding diet management, benefits of exercise, role of iron chelation therapy etc. Continuous care of children put caregivers under moderate level of burden. There is great need to plan, implement health awareness programme for these caregivers.
The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in patients seeking treatment other than psychiatric conditions: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Moorthi S. Karunakara , Muraleedharan K. Charan , Prasannakumar Radhika , Radhakrishnan Resmy , L. Arun Kulathinal
Published: May 2021

Background: There is a bidirectional relationship between psychiatric symptoms and medical disorders. Covert psychiatric symptoms may worsen the course of medical disorders. People abstain from getting treatment for psychiatric symptoms because of multiple reasons.Methods: The study aimed to estimate the presence of psychiatric symptoms among General Medicine patients. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was undertaken among the patients at the General Medicine OPDs of National Homoeopathy Research Institute In Mental Health, Kottayam, Kerala. The Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ)-20 screening tool was used to extract the data.Results: A total of 3213 patients participated in the survey. Out of the total subjects who responded to the questionnaire, 516 (16.1%) were having symptoms of depression, 550 (17.1%) were having anxiety, 279 (8.7%) of the respondents were having both Anxiety and depression and 1540 (47.9%) were having somatic symptoms.Conclusions: The prevalence of the psychiatric symptoms is often overlooked due to the underlying chronic conditions and patients may not give priority for such treatment. Estimating the exact prevalence will help early identification of disease conditions to prevent the disease from deterioration, provide better treatment opportunity, avoid the associated risks, and make the patient, as well as family members aware about the disease A holistic approach, is needed especially in chronic conditions and Homoeopathy and other AYUSH systems can play a major role.
Factors influencing the performance of accredited social health activists in district Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Debbarma Pretty , Kaur Simarjeet , Kaur Simarjot
Published: May 2021

Background: Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHAs) is a female community health worker who provides care at grass-root level to her community people. The current study was conducted to assess the factors influencing the performance of ASHAs in district Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh with the objectives to assess the level of performance of ASHAs, to assess the individual factors influencing the performance of ASHAs and to assess the work environment factors influencing the performance of ASHAs.Methods: The researchers used non-experimental exploratory design and 228 ASHAs were selected from different blocks of district Sirmour through multistage sampling technique. Data was collected through structured interview and the tool used was structured interview schedule.Results: The study revealed that 61.4% ASHAs had average performance and 38.60% had good performance. The individual factors influencing the performance of ASHAs were family support, good relationship with family members, job satisfaction, increase in dignity etc. Work environment factors influencing the performance were supervisor’s guidance and support, in-service education, performance evaluation, flexibility in working hours, unavailability of resources, unequal work distribution, distance and transport, weather etc. Other factors influencing the performance were also explored through this study such as lack of safety, inadequate provision of incentives, irregular availability of resources and difficulty in motivating people.Conclusions: This study concluded that the level of performance was influenced by individual, work environment factors and many other factors. Hence, the study recommended that initiatives should be taken at administrative levels to improve the performance of ASHAs and the factors creating issues in their performance should be solved out.
Is COVID-19 a hoax? Correlation between beliefs related to COVID-19 and the use of preventive measures in India
Authors: Abdullah Zoha , Anil Alisha Ann , Dhanashekhar Akshaya Keerthikha , Asik Mohamed , Aji Akshaya , Premnath Parvathy
Published: May 2021

Background: Following the personal protective and preventive measures are vital to the control and prevention of transmission. The populations’ beliefs and attitude related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have a direct impact on their practice of preventive measures. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the beliefs, attitude and preventive practices related to COVID-19 among the general population of Chennai, Tamil Nadu.Methods: An online questionnaire with 12 questions concerning the beliefs, attitude and practice of preventive measures related to COVID-19 was distributed via social platforms. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software (version 21, IBM Corporation, Texas, USA). Bivariate analysis (Chi-square test) was used to assess the association between independent variables with each of the main outcomes of interest.Results: A total of 256 study subjects participated in this survey. About 69.9% believed in the existence of corona virus and >85% followed the government protocols. Social distancing and Frequent hand washing was chosen by majority of the study subjects (55.5% and 78.5% respectively) as the most effective measure to prevent viral transmission. Nearly 81.7% always wore a mask in public and 27.0% always kept >6 feet distance apart from others.Conclusions: The surveyed population has an acceptable level of positive beliefs, attitude, and good practices towards COVID-19. We recommend that emphasis should be placed on educating people belonging to lower education and income strata. Vulnerable populations who require proper health education and guidance for prevention and control of COVID-19 should be targeted.
Health status of the female inside the probation home, Namkum, Ranchi
Authors: Kiran Kumari Asha , Kumari Anju Prabha , Hashmi Syed Ajaz , Kumar Satish , Kumari Gunjan , Kashyap Vivek
Published: May 2021

Background: This study was intended to have a close look at the need of women in probation home and their health related aspects. The objective of the study was to obtain the socio-demographic profile of the inmates of probation home and to assess the health status of the study population.Methods: This was an institutional based cross sectional study which was carried out among the inmates residing in the probation home, Namkum, Ranchi. Data was collected using pretested semi-structured questionnaire on 14 January 2020 during a health camp. The questionnaire was designed to collect information on socio-demographic profile, health detail like co-morbid conditions, presenting complaint and findings of general examination. Data collected was entered in microsoft excel sheet and was analyzed using SPSS software version 20.Results: Out of total 54 inmates residing there, only 44 females willing to participate in the study were enrolled in the study, the response rate was 81.48%. More than two third (81.8%) population were of age group 15-25 years of age. Less than a half (45.5%) population had no formal education. On general examination we found that 75% were having mild to moderate pallor and 11.36% participants were underweight. More over the presenting complaint was also supportive that is weakness in 18.18% of participants.Conclusions: Based on our result we concluded that the population residing in the probation home was vulnerable to malnutrition and if not corrected may become susceptible to communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Infant and young child feeding practices in children aged fifteen to twenty months
Authors: Bagali Adarsh , Kadirvel Karthikeyan , V. Ilamaran , Soundararajan P.
Published: May 2021

Background: Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices plays a very crucial role in early child growth and development. We aimed to find the prevalence of optimal IYCF practices and correlate with the anthropometric measures. Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study, involving 345 children aged between 15 to 20 months from April 2018 to April 2020 whose mothers were interviewed using a pre-validated questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of optimal IYCF practices were comparable with the published data. Higher maternal education, higher socio-economic status was significantly associated with better IYCF indicators.Conclusions: Improved IYCF practices have the potential to improve child’s nutritional status.
First trimester pregnant woman's complaint during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wuriani Wuriani , Dharma Kelana Kusuma , Jiu Cau Kim , Pratama Kharisma , Putra Gusti Jhoni , Usman Usman , Pradika Jaka , Gusmiah Tisa , Lukita Yenni
Published: May 2021

First trimester pregnant women will adapt to various things of discomfort, one of which is morning sickness. If not given a virginity intervention, then this pregnant woman could experience nutritional deficit. The aim of this case study is to provide an overview of how pregnant women in their first trimester cope with their complications during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method uses in-depth interviews and observations of pregnant women in their first trimester at home. The results obtained were that there were three problems described by Mrs. L, namely; physical discomfort such as dizziness, nausea and fatigue, which can be dealt by taking a warm bath, or smelling some aromatherapy oil such as mint, disturbance of nutritional fulfilment which can be overcome by consuming fresh food, ginger water in a small portion yet frequently and the risk of stress which can be overcome by praying five times a day and gardening, cleaning up the house, discussing with other pregnant friends in whatsapp group. This study can serve as a guide for nurses in providing nursing interventions to pregnant women in the first trimester during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Global public good and universal health coverage: conceptual and practical concerns in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Nayar Rajasekharan K.
Published: May 2021

The notion of public good has been reclaimed in recent times due to the pandemic as in many countries including the United States, the existing infrastructural, strategic and investment limitations have been realized. There is need for a debate on the notion of global public good especially with respect to health and to bring out the incommensurability of the notion. Along with these realizations and reclamations, issues related to the three A’s- accessibility, availability and affordability of health car have also been raised as a part of universal health coverage (UHC). The three A’s have become more relevant in the context of the pandemic. However, the ideological underpinnings of such conceptual reclamations and probable linkages need to be discussed. In fact, public good assumes the distribution of services equally to all members of the society which is problematic as it may not take care of equity issues in societies where some people suffer more and need special care and services. Public good is a ‘troubled’ notion which has its origin and also has been used in neo-classical and neoliberal approaches and it cannot be recommended without a proper understanding of the diverse ways in which the concept has been treated. The need for current claiming or reclaiming of such concepts started with environmental goods (although not many the so-called environmentalists realise it) to highlight destruction of global commons or resources which will result in loss of markets and therefore profits. The present reclaiming of the concept is also because of such a realisation as the pandemic has affected market interests. New approaches are evolving because of the so-called 'aid fatigue' of donors as they think that economic aids may be irrelevant at this time as the rich countries are also suffering and therefore, let them manage on their own!
A real world retrospective analysis of comparison of effectiveness and safety of mometasone furoate and fluticasone propionate in the management of eczema and dermatitis
Authors: Dhoot Dhiraj , Kharkar R D , Mahajan Harshal , Barkate Hanmant
Published: May 2021

Contact dermatitis is one the commonest dermatological condition which is managed by topical corticosteroids. Mid potent topical corticosteroids are commonly prescribed but there is no any comparative data between mometasone furoate and fluticasone propionate in the management of dermatitis.

A real world retrospective study was conducted across India to compare the clinical assessment of mometasone 0.1% cream and fluticasone 0.005% cream in the management of contact dermatitis at 236 dermatology clinics.

A data of 1106 patients were included in this analysis in which 598 were included in mometasone group while 508 in fluticasone group. At the end of 2 weeks, 216 patients (36.1%) in mometasone and 129 patients (25.4%) in fluticasone group achieved complete clearance of symptoms (p<0.05). Additionally, in mometasone group, 354 patients (59.2%) were found to achieve improvement whereas 293 patients (57.7%) achieved the same in fluticasone group. On further sub group analysis on aggravating factors, it was found that, mometasone was statistically significant in relieving symptoms of dermatitis due to artificial jewellery, detergent and occlusive foot ware than fluticasone. Moreover, mometasone demonstrated significant results in physician and patient global assessment as well. Patients in both groups tolerated therapy well.

Both, mometasone furoate and fluticasone propionate were effective and safe in treatment of eczema/dermatitis. But mometasone furoate had shown significantly better effectiveness as compared to fluticasone in all predisposing factors for the disease.
A prospective study of clinical spectrum of cutaneous adverse drug reactions and their incidence in Indian population
Authors: Malhotra SK , Kaur Baljit , Kaur Inderpal
Published: May 2021

Making the diagnosis of a drug-induced reaction requires familiarity with the clinical patterns as the current understanding of the disease processes is not enough to explain about apparently similar pathological mechanisms generating different clinical patterns. Therefore, it remains useful and relevant to overlay a pathological understanding with a clinical classification. This study concentrated on observing and documenting the clinical presentation of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR) encountered in patients. The purpose of the study was to evaluate causality, severity and preventability of Dermatological ADRs.

: To study morphological types of CADR and their incidence in Indian population Method: A prospective, observational study was carried out over a period of one year at Out Patient Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Amritsar with diagnosed CADRs. The suspected ADRs were evaluated for causality by Naranjo’s Probability scale and severity by Hartwig and Siegel scale.

Total 54 patients were enrolled. The incidence of CADR was 0.09%. Most commonly manifested ADR was fixed drug eruption (FDE) i.e. 35.2%. Maximum incidence of dermatological ADRs were observed with antimicrobial agents (39%) followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) (24%). Naranjo’s Probabilty scale showed most cases of probable (68.5%) ADRs were of moderate severity (90.7%).

Awareness about CADR is essential for early detection, management of patients and drug safety. The healthcare system can promote the spontaneous reporting of dermatological ADR to Pharmacovigilance centers for ensuring safe drug usage and patient care.
Relative efficacy and safety of intralesional measles mumps rubella vaccine (MMR) and intralesional vitamin D in multiple and recalcitrant verrucae vulgaris
Authors: Malhotra SK , Mittal Niharika , Raj Singh Navyug
Published: May 2021

Verrucae or Warts are the viral infection of skin and mucosae caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Destructive modalities are the mainstay of treatment. They can have their own shortcomings like pain, infection, scarring and recurrence. To overcome these, immunotherapy is the emerging modality.

To study the relative efficacy and safety of intralesional Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) vaccine and intralesional Vitamin D in the treatment of multiple and recalcitrant verruca vulgaris.

50 patients with multiple (>5) and recalcitrant warts were enrolled and divided randomly into two groups (Group A and Group B): In Group A, 25 patients were injected 0.3ml MMR vaccine whereas in Group B, 25 patients were injected 0.5ml Vitamin D injection after achieving anaesthesia with 0.2ml injection Lignocaine into the largest wart at 2 weeks interval until complete clearance or for maximum of 3 injections whichever was earlier. Patients were followed up fortnightly for 12 weeks.

In Group A, 19 (76%) patients showed Grade IV, 2 (8%) patients had Grade III, 3 (12%) patients had GII and only 1 (4%) patient had Grade I improvement. In Group B on the other hand, 15 (60%) patients showed Grade IV, 4 (16%) patients had GIII, 4 (16%) patients had Grade II and 2 (8%) patients had Grade I improvement. None of the patients developed new lesions in both groups.

Both the immunotherapeutic treatments are safe, economic and less traumatic to the patients as compared to the destructive procedures for the treatment of warts.
Correlation of hypocalcaemia with severity and type of psoriasis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Maheswari Anshu , Dutta Bornali
Published: May 2021

Psoriasis is a common dermatological disorder with many risk factors including low calcium levels. The improvement of psoriasis with calcium and Vitamin D3 analogues can implicate a role of calcium levels in triggering or aggravating psoriasis by controlling the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes.

The objective is to study the calcium levels in various types of psoriasis and to find any correlation between calcium levels and severity of psoriasis.

Cross sectional observational study

Serum calcium and albumin levels of all psoriatic patients meeting the inclusion criteria were assessed. PASI score was calculated for patients with psoriasis vulgaris.

SPSS software, version 21.0 was used. Chi-square test used for significance of study parameters on categorical scale [significance was assessed at 5% level of significance] and Pearson test was used to find correlation.

The study included 206 patients of various forms of psoriasis over the period of 1 year, with males outnumbering females. Hypocalcaemia was found in 18.45% of patients, with significant association of hypocalcaemia in psoriasis vulgaris, pustular psoriasis and erythroderma. A moderately strong negative correlation was found between severity of psoriasis vulgaris and serum calcium levels.

Association of hypocalcaemia with severe forms of psoriasis can indicate the role of oral or dietary supplements to correct serum calcium levels to prevent the progression of mild, stable forms of disease to severe forms and thus provide a better outcome.
Indelible ink dermatitis during COVID: A series of 97 cases
Authors: L M Akshay , Kamoji Sushruth , Vinay Dastikop Shilpa , Sanagoudar Vinita , A Pise Gajanan
Published: May 2021

Indelible ink is formulated by National Physical Laboratory and produced by Mysore Paints and Varnishes Limited since 1962. It is most used to prevent voter fraud in elections. The ink’s believed to be composed of silver nitrate (7%–25%), which binds to the proteins in skin and nails. The ink is said to be relatively safe at this concentration. However, frequent exposure, older ink, and higher concentrations can result in cumulative exposure and various degrees of damage. Herein, we report irritation reactions with the ink in several students labelled for home quarantine during COVD19 pandemic. Overall, 97 students (aged 15–17 years) with travel history were screened and quarantined according to COVID19 protocols. They were stamped with “HOME QUARANTINE” on the ventral aspect of the right forearm. Approximately 4-6 hours later, all students complained of localised burning and swelling to a variable extent. The severity was more in girls. They were treated with topical antibiotics, steroids and cetirizine tablets which showed symptomatic improvement. Irritation with indelible ink has rarely been reported, especially, with a large sample size. This report highlights the risk of severe irritant dermatitis with indelible ink and hence the need for its judicious use.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 1983
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: May 2021

The Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1983.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 1986
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: May 2021

The Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1986.
Extração assistida por ultrassom de compostos Fenólicos da casca de bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata)
Authors: Marques Bruno , Santos Luan , Silva Gisele , Martins Vilásia Guimarães Martins
Published: May 2021

A palmeira de bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata) é uma espécie nativa das florestas tropicais, comumente encontrada no cerrado brasileiro, onde, o interesse econômico é voltado à exploração de seus frutos. A casca da bocaiuva representa 20% da massa total do fruto e pode ser considerada como um resíduo de grande potencial alimentar devido à presença de compostos bioativos. A técnica de ultrassom é amplamente aplicada em processos de extração, de modo a reduzir o tempo e custo de extração dos compostos bioativos de matriz vegetal. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a influência do tempo de extração dos compostos fenólicos da casca de bocaiuva aplicando a técnica assistida de ultrassom.  Para isso, as cascas da bocaiuva foram secas e moídas em mesh 42, homogeneizadas em álcool etílico 50%, obtendo os extratos fenólicos a partir da exposição da mistura em um banho ultrassônico em diferentes tempos de extração (15, 30, 45 e 60 min). Os extratos foram avaliados quanto aos teores de compostos fenólicos totais e, a atividade antioxidante, determinada pelos métodos de ABTS e DPPH. Assim, foi observado que o extrato obtido em 45 min de exposição ao ultrassom apresentou maior teor de compostos fenólicos (5,46 mg EAG.g-1) e, consequentemente, atividades antioxidantes de 83,89 mg TEAC.g-1 e 99,24 mg TEAC.g-1 pelos métodos ABTS e DPPH, respectivamente. A partir dos resultados obtidos neste estudo, foi possível determinar que o tempo ideal para a extração de compostos fenólicos da casca de bocaiuva por meio do ultrassom é de 45 min.

Palavras-chave: Compostos bioativos. Atividade antioxidante. Resíduo de alimentos. Biodiversidade.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FITOQUÍMICA DE EXTRATOS DE Zingiber officinale R.
Authors: Eduarda Ramos Vanderley Shayenne , Silva Santos Greison Wilias , André de Araújo Silva Luiz , Valcácia Silva Sildivane
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar algumas classes de compostos do metabolismo secundário de Zingiber officinale R., através de testes qualitativos dos extratos brutos de gengibre. Na preparação dos extratos etanólico e aquoso de gengibre, os rizomas da planta foram cortados em pequenos cubos e imergidos em água destilada aquecida (37 °C) ou etanol por três dias, no escuro, para extração. Os extratos então foram filtrados e rotaevaporados para concentração dos compostos de interesse. Os extratos brutos foram avaliados quanto às características fitoquímicas. No final do processo extrativo, obteve-se cerca de 2,84% e 3,23% de rendimento dos extratos brutos etanólico e aquoso, respectivamente. Na caracterização, foi observado a presença de saponinas, polifenóis/taninos, terpenos, esteroides, flavonoides, glicosídeos cardiotônicos e alcaloides no grupo etanólico, e, em contrapartida, apenas terpenos e esteroides na amostra aquosa. Baseado no exposto, os compostos observados nos extratos brutos de gengibre, em sua maioria, podem ser utilizados como alternativa vegetal às substâncias sintéticas em segmentos diversos da indústria alimentícia.
Produção E Caracterização De Farinha De Bagaço De Malte A Partir De Resíduo Cervejeiro
Authors: Silva Rêgo Patrícia , Giovanni Leite de Brito José
Published: May 2021

O estudo apresentado neste artigo objetivou desenvolver uma farinha nutritiva a partir do bagaço do malte da indústria cervejeira artesanal oriunda da região Centro-Oeste brasileira. Os estudos permitiram ainda estabelecer a caracterização bioquímica (carboidratos, lipídios, proteínas, cinzas, fibras, umidade e pH) do material desenvolvido. A matéria-prima utilizada no trabalho foi doada por empresa privada do Distrito federal, e após secagem em forno industrial, peneiramento e quarteamento, foi possível obter um produto farináceo com umidade igual a 2±0,3%, sendo este material mais seco que similares reportados na literatura. A farinha desenvolvida é ácida (pH igual a 5,11±0,03) e com um percentual de cinzas totais igual a 3,04±0,04%. O material possui 14,50% em teor de fibras, valor que é aproximadamente a metade daqueles reportados na literatura para o mesmo tipo de alimento. A carga lipídica da farinha de bagaço de malte foi de 7,27±0,15% após extração com éter etílico, indicando que o material possui maior quantidade de lipídios que as farinhas desenvolvidas por outros autores. A farinha de resíduo de malte apresentou percentual de 11,77% em teor de proteínas e 61,42±0,46% em teor de carboidratos, sendo este último valor aproximadamente 18% menor que os dados de literatura. A farinha de bagaço de malte é um material originado do reaproveitamento de resíduos, com substancial valor glicídico, lipídico e fibroso, e que tem potencial para incrementar receitas já conhecidas da população como um componente de alto valor nutricional.
Caracterização físico-química do mesocarpo de maracujá amarelo osmoconvectivo em diferentes temperaturas de secagem
Authors: Santos Andrade Fabrícia , Oliveira Galdino Pablícia , Da Silva Melo Bruno Henrique , Gomes de Araújo Myrian Stefany
Published: May 2021

Tecnologias empregadas para o reaproveitamento de resíduos têm ocupado espaço no Brasil, que é um grande produtor agroindustrial. O mesocarpo, parte interna do maracujá que envolve a polpa agrega valor nutricional, e pode ser aproveitado por uma tecnologia de desidratação osmótica e secagem convectiva, produzindo uma espécie de fruta passa. Assim, o objetivo geral foi realizar caracterização físico química do mesocarpo de maracujá amarelo in natura e osmoconvectivo, por meio dos parâmetros: pH, acidez total titulável, sólidos solúveis totais (ºBrix), teor de água/sólidos totais, cinzas, ácido ascórbico, açúcares redutores e não redutores, açucares totais, cor e atividade de água. As fatias do mesocarpo foram cortadas em de 2,5 x 1,5 cm branqueadas e em seguida, imersas em solução desidratante contendo 40, 50 e 60 ºBrix de sacarose em água destilada. Estes recipientes para cada concentração foram levados à estufa com circulação de ar nas temperaturas 40, 50 e 60 ºC por 1,5 hora, estabelecido por planejamento experimental fatorial  2² + 3 pontos centrais, com variáveis independentes, temperatura (40 a 60 °C) e concentração da solução de sacarose (40 a 60 °Brix). As fatias osmodesidratadas foram submetidas à secagem convectiva nas temperaturas de 50, 60 e 70 ºC, apresentando-se como melhor condição de preservação do ácido ascórbico, menor atividade de água e baixo teor de água, as fatias submetidas a temperatura de 60 ºC. As fatias secas a 60 °C foram consideradas a melhor amostra, pela conservação de ácido ascórbico, atividade de água abaixo de 0,6 e baixo teor de água.
La obsidiana en la Amazonía baja del norte del Ecuador (900-1250 d.C.): ¿intercambio a larga distancia o dinamismo del paisaje? Perspectivas desde la geoarqueología
Authors: Serrano Ayala Sthefano
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se discute la presencia de obsidiana en la Amazonía baja del norte del Ecuador, desde una perspectiva geoarqueológica, haciendo énfasis en el dinamismo del paisaje fluvial. Se tomó como referencia la información de excavaciones arqueológicas en el sitio Payamino, el análisis lítico de los artefactos, caracterizaciones por fluorescencia de rayos X de la obsidiana, análisis de perfiles estratigráficos, el uso de sistemas de información geográfica y datos palinológicos. Toda esta información apunta a que la obsidiana de abanicos aluviales de los ríos Coca, Napo y Payamino fue transportada por inundaciones y expulsiones violentas de depósitos acumulados en la cordillera subandina septentrional del Ecuador, específicamente desde el río Quijos. De esta forma se evidencia que la obsidiana en la Amazonía baja del Ecuador, no tiene nada que ver con el intercambio a larga distancia entre Andes y Amazonía.
Estimation of Spatial Lag Model Under Random Missing Data in the Dependent Variable. Two Stage Estimator with Imputation
Authors: Izaguirre Alejandro
Published: May 2021

The main goal of this article is to propose estimators for the Spatial Lag Model (SLM) under missing data context. We present three alternatives estimators for the SLM based on Two Stage Least Squares estimation methodology. The estimators are eÿcient within their type and consistent under random missing data in the dependent variable. Unlike the IBG2SLS estimator presented in Wang and Lee (2013) which impute all missing data we only impute missing data in the spatial lag. Our first proposal is an alternative version of the IBG2SLS estimator, the second one is based on an approximation to the optimal instruments matrix and the third one is an alternative equivalent to the first. Thorough a Monte Carlo simulation we assess the estimators performance under finite samples. Results show a good performance for all estimators, moreover, results are quite similar to the IBG2SLS estimator suggesting that a complete imputation (as IBG2SLS does) does not add information.
Trending Usage Levels of EIFL-Based Electronic Resources among the Zambian Library Consortium Institutions
Authors: Miyanda Chitumbo Eness М. , Chewe Pailet , Makondo Francina N. S. , Kabilwa Silumesii
Published: May 2021

Electronic resources are invaluable tools in research and academics. Their emergence and use have been major issues of discussion in scientific practice and literature. While some institutions have enjoyed using e-resources for some time now, others have recorded low usage.This study has revealed various challenges of EIFL (Electronic Information for Libraries) e-resources usage in ZALICO (Zambian Library Consortium) institutions. Today, ZALICO has access to over 30 databases from reputable publishers, most of which come under open access through EIFL membership. Despite having been with EIFL for more than a decade, ZALICO members still experience the low usage of electronic resources. The real causes of low usage of e-resources at the institutional level are not clear hence the need to establish factors behind this problem and the way to solve it. This picture may be worrying as the consortium continues to spend financial means on e-resources that are not appreciated by users. Other concerns may be on the quality of literature users are using in their academic activities.The main aim of the study was to establish factors behind the low usage of EIFL resources among ZALICO institutions. The study examined these issues as a case study. The questionnaire and usage analysis were used for data collection. The Statistic Package for Social Sciences software and Microsoft Excel were used for analyzing quantitative data, while content analysis was used for qualitative data from the questionnaire open-ended questions. The study reveals various access and usage challenges such as poor Internet connections, inadequate search skills among users, ineffective e-resources promotion strategies resulting in low awareness levels, problems of registration to EIFL resources, and non-proactive librarians.To improve the situation, the research identifies four undertakings: continuous user training, more sensitizations and promotions of e-resources using various methods, improved Internet connections (increased bandwidth, provision of more hot spots at various locations and increased Internet access points), and training of institutional librarians on the registration process as it is deemed to be cumbersome.
“Fronteiras dos Movimentos Sociais” / "Frontiers of the Social Movements"
Authors: Szwako José Eduardo Leon , Dowbor Monika , Pereira Matheus Mazzilli
Published: May 2021

O adensamento da produção acadêmica sobre movimentos sociais na última década no Brasil, quer nas Ciências Sociais ou ao redor delas, se expressa hoje na consolidação de redes de pesquisa e espaços de debate acadêmico em fóruns como, por exemplo, as últimas edições do Congresso Brasileiro de Sociologia e os encontros anuais da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais (Anpocs). Junto a tais redes e fóruns, é possível destacar como evidência robusta desse mesmo processo o volume crescente de dossiês temáticos, bem como de artigos publicados em diálogo constante e crítico com abordagens teóricas e autores internacionais. O dossiê ora apresentado se insere nesse ritmo de adensamento, explorando, nesta apresentação e nos artigos a seguir, debates sobre fenômenos e abordagens que, há algum tempo, têm recebido crescente atenção de pesquisas de movimentos sociais, expandindo as fronteiras analítico-conceituais desse campo de estudos e, assim, desafiando-o. AbstractThe intensification in academic production on social movements in the last decade in Brazil, whether within or around the Social Sciences, is expressed today in the consolidation of research networks and spaces for academic debate in forums such as, for example, the latest editions of the Brazilian Congress of Sociology and the annual meetings of the National Association of Graduate Studies in Social Sciences (Anpocs). Along with such networks and forums, it is possible to highlight as robust evidence of this same process the growing volume of thematic dossiers, as well as articles published in constant and critical dialogue with theoretical approaches and international authors. The dossier presented here falls within this pace of intensification, exploring, in this presentation and in the following articles, debates on phenomena and approaches that, for some time, have received increasing attention from research on social movements, expanding the analytical-conceptual frontiers of this field of studies and, thus, challenging it.
Effects of Canada’s Increasing Linguistic and Cultural Diversity on Educational Policy, Programming and Pedagogy
Authors: Lam Michelle
Published: May 2021

In Canada, 22.9% of people report a “mother tongue” that is not English or French (Government of Canada, 2017) and most of them are newcomers. Within Canadian primary and secondary school, there were 4.75 million students enrolled in the 2015/2016 school year (Statista, 2018), and 2.2 million children under age 15 who were foreign-born or who had at least one foreign-born parent (Government of Canada, 2017). Thirty-seven and a half percent of all Canadian children have an immigrant background (Government of Canada, 2017). These statistics point towards large numbers of students in Canadian schools who have a depth of linguistic resources and repertoire. This diversity has implications on educational policy, programming, and pedagogy. In order to ensure that the education provided to students in Canadian classrooms is relevant, future-focused, and honouring to the depth of linguistic and cultural resources represented within the classroom it is necessary for teachers and policy-makers to have a strong understanding of how English as an additional language (EAL) students learn language and literacy, and how they enrich the learning environment of the classroom as a whole. This article describes the effects of Canada’s increasing diversity on educational policy, programing and pedagogy.
The Emergency of Satellite Schools and Access to Education in Zimbabwe: Leveraging the Human Rights Agenda
Authors: Chimbunde Pfuurai
Published: May 2021

While the Land Reform Programme (LRP) in 2000 and beyond was camouflaged as a distributive justice schema aimed to better the socio-economic status of the Indigenous people in Zimbabwe, it precipitated educational injustices for students arising from the creation of an education landscape marked by inequitable access to education. The study, undertaken after 20 years since the inception of the LRP, sought to check the progress made thus far by the Government of Zimbabwe to enhance access to education by children of the new farmers. Informed and guided by the international normative frameworks of the right to education, of which Education For All (EFA) and the Zimbabwean Education Act (1987) are part, the case study cast in the qualitative approach, presents constructed narratives of three primary school learners and their three teachers at one purposively selected satellite school. The study finds that as much as the advent of the LRP worked to bring equal access and redress in land appropriation between the settlers and natives, a new form of injustice has resurfaced as reflected by challenges of equitable access to education.
Effective Indigenization of Curriculum in Canada and New Zealand: Towards Culturally Responsive Pedagogies
Authors: Howe Edward R. , Johnson Shelly , Te Momo Fiona
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we critically examine culturally responsive pedagogies in Canada and New Zealand. As each nation has a wide range of government policies and education systems, we focus our investigation on indigenization of teacher education programs at one institution within each cultural context. We are in search of best practices in terms of indigenizing the curriculum and effective ways to facilitate the gradual acculturation of novice teachers. Moreover, we seek to find out how these unique, exemplary programs are responding to calls to action (Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Canada and Ka Hikitia in New Zealand) in light of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a framework for reconciliation. The New Zealand Maori cultural context provides a mirror for us to reflect on Canada’s curriculum reform efforts to embed Indigenous ways of knowing into teacher education. For, it is teachers who ultimately can lead the way to advancing Indigenous perspectives, reversing decades of assimilation policies, evoking social change, and providing the bridge between government rhetoric and meaningful student learning.
OPTIMALISASI PRODUKTIVITAS ALAT GALI MUAT DAN ALAT ANGKUT PADA PT BORNEO ALAM SEMESTA, DESA SWARANGAN, KECAMATAN JORONG, KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Maulana Maulana , Saismana Uyu , Hakim Romla Noor
Published: May 2021

PT Borneo Alam Semesta merupakan kontraktor penambangan dari PT Jorong Barutama Greston. Dalam proses pembongkaran overburden, perusahaan ini menargetkan produksi sebesar 500 BCM/jam untuk tiga fleet. Untuk memenuhi target produksi overburden tersebut, digunakan alat gali muat dan alat angkut yang terbagi dalam tiga fleet, Pada PT BAS ada rencana untuk melakukan peningkatan produksi untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui ada nya kemungkinan untuk meningkatkan produksi.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menganalisis nilai cycle time dari alat yang beroperasi, kondisi medan kerja, serta sifat material, dan factor-faktor lainnya sehingga dapat diketahui produktivitas alat gali muat caterpillar 09, caterpillar 10, komatsu dan alat angkut dump truck nissan CWB45a secara nyata dilapangan.Perhitungan dengan data aktual diperoleh besar produktivitas alat gali muat pada tiga fleet  sebesar  681,48 BCM/jam, dan untuk produktivitas alat angkut pada tiga fleet sebesar 586,89 BCM/jam. Target produksi alat mekanis sudah tercapai meskipun tidak jauh berbeda hasilnya dengan hitungan aktual dilapangan, maka dari itu dilakukan optimalisasi pada alat mekanis agar produktivitas lebih baik hasilnya, Optimalisasi pada alat gali muat dalam tiga fleet sebesar 841,67 BCM/jam, sedangkan optimalisasi untuk alat angkut dalam tiga fleet sebesar 602,31 BCM/jam. Kata Kunci : produksi, optimalisasi, alat gali muat, alat angkut
EVALUASI PRODUKTIVITAS ALAT GALI MUAT DAN ALAT ANGKUT PADA PEMINDAHAN OVERBURDEN PIT 10 DI PT BERKAT TAMBANG SEJAHTERA, KECAMATAN LOKPAIKAT, KABUPATEN TAPIN, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Yulianto Agung , Santoso Eko , Putri Karina Shella
Published: May 2021

PT Berkat Tambang Sejahtera memiliki target produktivitas overburden yang telah ditentukan yaitu sebesar 200 BCM/jam. Tidak tercapainya target perusahaan sehingga perlu adanya analisis terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas alat gali muat dan alat angkut di lapangan antara lain waktu siklus kerja dan waktu hambatan kerja.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis faktor-faktor pendukung produktivitas seperti cycle time, delay time dan geometri jalan, sehingga dapat dilakukan upaya peningkatan produktivitas agar target perusahaan dapat tercapai.Pada hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata produktivitas aktual Hitachi ZX470LC-5G sebesar 175 BCM/jam dan jumlah alat angkut sebanyak 6 unit didapatkan rata-rata total produktivitas aktual Hino 500 FM260JD sebesar 173,44 BCM/Jam. Upaya yang dilakukan agar target tercapai yaitu dengan melakukan simulasi perbaikan cycle time dilakukan dengan cara peningkatan kecepatan dump truck Hino 500 FM260JD pada waktu bermuatan sebesar 23 km/jam dan pada saat kosongan 28 km/jam. Perbaikan yang dapat dilakukan agar kecepatan tempuh yang ditargetkan dapat terpenuhi yaitu dengan memperhatikan kondisi jalan angkut yang dilalui pada saat muatan berisi ataupun muatan kosong. Dalam penelitian ini rekomendasi yang diberikan berupa perbaikan geometri jalan angkut seperti lebar jalan dan grade jalan. Kata kunci: produktivitas, cycle time, delay time, geometri jalan
Regional Innovation Systems: Finland’s Experience
Authors: Pchelintsev V.
Published: May 2021

The paper examines governmental strategies, main actors and instruments of innovation policies shaping innovation-driven economy in Finland, with particular attention to the regional scale. The analysis focuses on how the regional innovation systems approach became a framework for the design of innovation policies. An innovation system involves cooperation between firms and knowledge creating and diffusing organizations, – such as universities, colleges, training organizations, R&D-institutes, technology transfer agencies. Innovations are considered as interactive learning process. Cooperation and interaction between regional/local and national/international actors is necessary to combine both local and non-local knowledge, skills and competences. The key elements of the policy environment, as well as implementation of the main regional innovation policy instruments – the Centers of Expertise Programme and Regional Centre Programme – are described.
Consequences of Chinese “Dams Policy” for Indo-China Countries
Authors: Khasiev R.
Published: May 2021

China’s habitually closed water policy in the region of South-Еast Asia has strained its relations with the six countries of the Mekong-river basin. The Chinese government has been intentionally concealing its water management plans, which has sparked off a clash of interests between China and most SEA nations. The “dams policy” pursued by China enabled the country to take the Mekong run-off under control. At the same time, it has greatly affected the country’s international image, making China look like a regional bully.
Eastern Europe: Euro-Skepticism and Right Conservative Trend
Authors: Biryukov S. , Kovalenko A.
Published: May 2021

The authors study the fate of the Eastern Europe and its possible role in the context of the European crisis, investigate the rise of right-wing conservative forces in the Central and Eastern Europe. In particular, they analyze the role of right-wing parties in the process of transformation of the ideological platform of the East European Euroscepticism.