bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enterprise Financial Security as an Anti-Crisis Management Method
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Khymych Iryna , Vynnyk Tetiana ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Konstantiuk Nataliia ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Tymoshyk Nataliia ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Yuryk Nataliia ,   Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Introduction. Enterprise financial security is one of the measures to ensure and support financial stability. It is able to act as one of the main anti-crisis management methods and is extremely relevant in the uncertainty of the activities implementation. Management and staff must comply with a number of requirements for ensuring and maintaining their own level of financial capacity for effective enterprise functioning. After all, this factor will promote both its general adaptation, and will allow to carry out own activity now. It will also contribute to the plan formation to ensure the enterprise activities for the future, taking into account the necessary changes based on determining their impact on the development of further events in the business world. Purpose. His article has been described the essence and features of the «Financial security of the enterprise» concept. The necessity of its application in modern conditions of enterprise activity as one of the most important anti-crisis management methods in conditions of uncertainty has been described. Results. The financial security of the enterprise is the basis of effective activity of any enterprise in modern business conditions, taking into account the influence of both internal and external factors that take place in the business world as a whole has been determined. It is researched that financial security needs constant updating and improvement. So, it must meet modern requirements for ensuring the stability of the enterprise as an important anti-crisis managing its activities method. The main components of financial security of the enterprise are offered and described, namely: organizational, managerial, and financial-economic. Conclusions. As a result or consequence of this, the formation, support, and development of the country’s enterprises’ financial security are influenced by many different, both interdependent and independent, internal and external factors. In addition, financial security needs constant provision to achieve a high level of support for the stable and uninterrupted operation of the enterprise under any conditions of its operation. Keywords: financial security; anti-crisis method; crisis phenomenon; organizational component; management component; financial and economic component; soft skills.
Central Bank Communication: Forward Guidance
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Sholopak Vladyslav
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Introduction. Incomprehension and misinterpretation of central bank actions by the markets lead to uncertainty. As a result, the volatility of inflation, prices, and assets increases. The low-interest-rate in today’s macroeconomic environment is a common thing. In such circumstances, the economy is so difficult to adapt to internal and external shocks, so inefficiencies caused by incorrect or untimely statements by the regulator can exacerbate the problem and provoke unjustified risks. These new conditions have led to changes in the way information is covered and create a new communication approach. Purpose. Thus, the article aims to systematize the main patterns of forwarding guidance mechanism as a communication tool in monetary policy. Its use in such developed economies as Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union. Identification of major trends in the use of forwarding guidance form during the crises of 2008 and 2020. Determination of why targets are 2% inflation with the description of monetary and communication tools, research of information coverage approaches. Results. The central bank statements affect to decisions of various market participants and can be divided into economic forecasts and forward guidance. According to the forwarding guidance classification, the analysis was made of 2020 statements and compared with the 2008 statements, for each of the studied countries. The finding shows that there has been a shift from economic forecasts to forward guidance. A model consisting of four elements has been identified for the four central banks: target, monetary instruments, statement approach, and information tools. Conclusions. In general, new types such as state-contingent and calendar-based statements began to be used during the last crisis. The most common monetary instrument that appears in statements being the interest rate. The common goals for all central banks are to focus on price stability, which is expressed in inflation of 2%. This target must be long-term and in numerical terms to effectively management inflation expectations and bring down volatility. All banks strive for simplicity and clarity in their statements, and they use a wide range of information tools. Keywords: central bank communicatioт; forward guidance; non-traditional monetary policy instrument.
Engineering Design Process of Arduino Uno-based Smart Classroom Technology
Authors: Nusyirwan Deny , Prayetno Eko , Sumantri  , Putra Perdana Prasetya Perwira
Published: April 2021

The important role of higher education in the 21 st century is to participate in educating the public through the development of research results, therefore the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Raja Ali Haji Maritime University emphasizes the importance of implementing an engineering design process to be able to produce technology-based innovations needed by society. This research is a form of higher education contribution in improving student learning outcomes in elementary schools, through the provision of facilities in classrooms. Technology in schools is one of the driving forces for advancing education in schools and is expected to be able to change the mindset of students at Government Primary School (SD Negeri) 011 Tanjungpinang Timur to get to know technology more. It can be said that to realize the perfection of students, in addition to learning activities, supporting facilities are also needed at school according to technological developments. It is hoped that the facilities in technology-based schools will be able to encourage students to be more enthusiastic about learning, have a desire to know developments in the world of technology and change their mindset towards the use of technology in everyday life. From the observations, it was found that the main problem was the minimal use of technology in schools. With these technological problems, this study will design technology-based prototypes, namely smart classrooms based on Arduino Uno, with the aim of making it easier for teachers to turn on electrical equipment in class without direct contact with switches. The intelligent classroom system design uses the Arduino uno as a controller, the HC-06 bluetooth module as a liaison for the user's android with the Arduino Uno, and the boarduino application as a command from the android via bluetooth transmission media
Management Audit to Evaluate the Economical, Efficiency, and Effectiveness of Purchasing Function in GK Hotel
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Darnata Ni Putu Yasinta Oktavia , Arsana I M M ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Suardani A A P ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali
Published: April 2021

This research examines the economic, efficiency, and effectiveness of purchasing function and reveals findings obtained during the implementation of a management audit to give appropriate recommendations for better company performance in the future. The analytical techniques used in this research are quantitative and qualitative analytical techniques. The data analysis results in 2017-2019 show that the highest rate of economics occurred in 2019. The highest efficiency rate occurred in 2019 and declining the effectiveness rate in 2019. That is due to obstacles in the purchasing function resulting in wastage. These obstacles are the weaknesses in unauthorized purchase request activities, purchasing goods that did not comply with order specifications, and the delay of payment to the supplier due to a lack of funds from the head office. This research concludes that the economic rate in 2019 is uneconomical, the efficiency of purchase costs in 2019 is inefficient, and the effective rate in 2019 is quite effective. The recommendation is to make a payment agreement with the supplier, tighten the process of purchasing requests, and control in making the article description.
http://editorial.umariana.edu.co/libros/index.php/editorialunimar/catalog/book/128
Authors: Portilla Portilla Lady Johanna , Arcos Rodríguez Anyi Vanesa
Published: April 2021

El razonamiento clínico es un proceso de pensamiento, considerado uno de los pilares fundamentales del proceso de formación en diversas profesiones de la salud; se constituye de habilidades necesarias para pensar de forma crítica y tomar decisiones acordes a las necesidades de las personas, asociadas a la disciplina. Este proceso de alianza entre el ser y el hacer ha sido el motivo de múltiples investigaciones a nivel mundial, donde se pretende saber cuál es el método para conocer ciertas respuestas y de dónde viene la construcción mental previa para que las conclusiones tomadas en un contexto particular, sean coherentes con los principios básicos de la profesión, la creatividad y las particularidades de cada usuario o cliente.
Identifying prognostic factors to determine the level of recovery in servicemembers with chronic low back pain: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Mourits B.M.P. , Meulekamp M.Z. , van der Wurff P. , Lucas C.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to identify general and military-related factors that are associated with the level of recovery in Dutch service members with chronic low back pain (CLBP) who followed a rehabilitation program. MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred five consecutive service members with CLBP were included in this study. The level of disability, was used to distinguish a recovered and non-recovered group. Level of pain and self-perceived recovery were used as secondary outcome measurements. Differences were evaluated within and between the groups using the Student’s t-test Bivariate logistic regression analyses were used for identifying the prognostic factors related to various outcomes of recovery RESULTS: After following the rehabilitation program, 64.8% of the service members recovered from CLBP. The recovered group, demonstrated significant effect sizes in disability and in pain The non-recovered group showed on disability a non-significant effect and in pain a significant effect. The self-perceived recovery in the recovered group was “much improved” and the non-recovered group “slightly improved”. The results of the bivariate regression analyses showed no significant independent prognostic factors related to recovery. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, no significant independent prognostic factors could be identified that were associated to the various outcomes of recovery in service members with CLBP who followed a rehabilitation program.
Comparison of physical therapy and arthroscopic partial meniscectomy treatments in degenerative meniscus tears and the effect of combined hyaluronic acid injection with these treatments: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Başar Betül , Başar Gökhan , Büyükkuşçu Mehmet Özbey , Başar Hakan
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Symptomatic degenerative meniscus tears are common in middle and old age. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM), physical therapy (PT) and hyaluronic acid injection (HAI) are the most commonly used treatment options. OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study is to compare the effectiveness of APM and PT in degenerative meniscus tears and to investigate the effect of HAI with a prospective, randomized, single-blind study. METHODS: The study included 192 patients with symptomatic degenerative meniscus tears. The patients were randomly divided into the four groups. The first group consisted of patients who underwent APM, the second group received HAI with APM, the third group received PT, and the fourth group received HAI with PT. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, and range of motion (ROM) values were used for evaluation. RESULTS: There was no difference between four groups according to age, gender, BMI, affected side, grade of osteoarthritis. In the 4 groups, WOMAC and VAS results at the 2nd and 6th months were better than pre-treatment. There was no difference between the groups in terms of WOMAC and VAS. In terms of ROM, the results were found better in PT group (Group 3, Group 4) at the 2nd and 6th months. However, the results were found worse in APM group (Group 1, Group 2). In addition, it was found that HAI applied with APM and PT had no effect on VAS, WOMAC, and ROM. It was determined that the increase of knee osteoarthritis negatively affected both the results of APM treatment and PT. VAS, WOMAC, and ROM results were found worse in patients with stage 3 osteoarthritis than grade 1 and 2, but there was no difference between grade 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: APM and PT give good results in terms of pain and functional results. However, ROM limitation develops after APM. Conversely, there is an increase in ROM after PT. Administration of HAI with these treatments has no effect on the results. PT is an easily applicable noninvasive method. Adding HAI to the treatment has no effect on the results and increases the cost.
High expression of ISG20 predicts a poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Xiong Hao , Zhang Xinwen , Chen Xiaomin , Liu Yang , Duan Jialin , Huang Chunlan
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most malignant hematopoietic system diseases. Interferon stimulated exonuclease gene 20 (ISG20) is a protein induced by interferons or double-stranded RNA, which is associated with poor prognosis in several malignant tumors. However its expression in AML is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of ISG20 in AML and its prognostic significance. METHODS: The expression of ISG20 in AML patients was analyzed by GEPIA database, detected by qRT-PCR and their prognosis was followed-up. Chi-square test was used to identify the association between ISG20 expression and clinical characteristics of the patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to draw survival curves and Cox regression analysis to confirm the independent prognostic factors of AML patients. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that whether to receive treatment, karyotype, and ISG20 expression were related to overall survival time of AML patients (P< 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that whether to receive treatment (HR = 0.248, 95% CI = 0.076–0.808, P= 0.021) and high expression of ISG20 (HR = 4.266, 95% CI = 1.118–16.285, P= 0.034) were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for AML patients. CONCLUSION: The high expression of ISG20 acts as a poor prognosis indicator in AML patients.
A new perceptual evaluation method of video quality based on neural network
Authors: Frnda Jaroslav , Pavlicko Michal , Durica Marek , Sevcik Lukas , Voznak Miroslav , Fournier-Viger Philippe , Lin Jerry Chun-Wei
Published: April 2021

This paper proposes a novel method for video quality evaluation based on machine learning technique. The current research deals with the correct interpretation of objective video quality evaluation (Quality of Service – QoS) in relation to subjective end-user perception (Quality of Experience – QoE), typically expressed by mean opinion score (MOS). Our method allows us to interconnect results obtained from video objective and subjective assessment methods in the form of a neural network (computing model inspired by biological neural networks). So far, no unified interpretation scale has been standardized for both approaches, therefore it is difficult to determine the level of end-user satisfaction obtained from the objective assessment. Thus, contribution of the proposed method lies in description of the way to create a hybrid metric that delivers fast and reliable subjective score of perceived video quality for internet television (IPTV) broadcasting companies.
Efficient n-gram construction for text categorization using feature selection techniques
Authors: García Maximiliano , Maldonado Sebastián , Vairetti Carla
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we present a novel approach for n-gram generation in text classification. The a-priori algorithm is adapted to prune word sequences by combining three feature selection techniques. Unlike the traditional two-step approach for text classification in which feature selection is performed after the n-gram construction process, our proposal performs an embedded feature elimination during the application of the a-priori algorithm. The proposed strategy reduces the number of branches to be explored, speeding up the process and making the construction of all the word sequences tractable. Our proposal has the additional advantage of constructing a low-dimensional dataset with only the features that are relevant for classification, that can be used directly without the need for a feature selection step. Experiments on text classification datasets for sentiment analysis demonstrate that our approach yields the best predictive performance when compared with other feature selection approaches, while also facilitating a better understanding of the words and phrases that explain a given task; in our case online reviews and ratings in various domains.
Sentiment classification based on weak tagging information and imbalanced data
Authors: Wang Chuantao , Yang Xuexin , Ding Linkai
Published: April 2021

Sentiment classification aims to solve the problem of automatic judgment of sentiment polarity. In the sentiment classification task of text data, such as online reviews, traditional deep learning models are dedicated to algorithm optimization but ignore the characteristics of imbalanced distribution of the number of classified samples and the inclusion of weak tagging information such as ratings and tags. Based on the traditional deep learning model, the method of random oversampling and cost sensitivity is used to increase the contribution of a minority of samples to the model loss function and avoid the model biasing to the majority of samples. The model training is divided into two stages. In the first stage, a large amount of weak tagging data is used to train the model, therefore a model that captures the sentiment semantics of the data is obtained. After that, the model parameters trained in the first stage are used as the initial parameters of the second stage model training, and only a small amount of tagging data is used to continue training the model to reduce the impact of noise, thus reducing the use of manual tagging samples. The experimental results show that the method is considerably better than traditional deep learning models in the sentiment classification task of hotel review data.
RoRePo: Detecting the role information and relative position information for contexts in multi-turn dialogue generation
Authors: Gan Zibang , Zeng Biqing , Cheng Lianglun , Liu Shuai , Yang Heng , Xu Mayi , Ding Meirong
Published: April 2021

In multi-turn dialogue generation, dialogue contexts have been shown to have an important influence on the reasoning of the next round of dialogue. A multi-turn dialogue between two people should be able to give a reasonable response according to the relevant context. However, the widely used hierarchical recurrent encoder-decoder model and the latest model that detecting the relevant contexts with self-attention are facing the same problem. Their given response doesn’t match the identity of the current speaker, which we call it role ambiguity. In this paper, we propose a new model, named RoRePo, to tackle this problem by detecting the role information and relative position information. Firstly, as a part of the decoder input, we add a role embedding to identity different speakers. Secondly, we incorporate self-attention mechanism with relative position representation to dialogue context understanding. Besides, the design of our model architecture considers the influence of latent variables in generating more diverse responses. Experimental results of our evaluations on the DailyDialog and DSTC7_AVSD datasets show that our proposed model advances in multi-turn dialogue generation.
Growth Factor Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease: Alternative Delivery Systems
Authors: Jarrin Sarah , Hakami Abrar , Newland Ben , Dowd Eilís
Published: April 2021

Despite decades of research and billions in global investment, there remains no preventative or curative treatment for any neurodegenerative condition, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Arguably, the most promising approach for neuroprotection and neurorestoration in PD is using growth factors which can promote the growth and survival of degenerating neurons. However, although neurotrophin therapy may seem like the ideal approach for neurodegenerative disease, the use of growth factors as drugs presents major challenges because of their protein structure which creates serious hurdles related to accessing the brain and specific targeting of affected brain regions. To address these challenges, several different delivery systems have been developed, and two major approaches—direct infusion of the growth factor protein into the target brain region and in vivo gene therapy—have progressed to clinical trials in patients with PD. In addition to these clinically evaluated approaches, a range of other delivery methods are in various degrees of development, each with their own unique potential. This review will give a short overview of some of these alternative delivery systems, with a focus on ex vivo gene therapy and biomaterial-aided protein and gene delivery, and will provide some perspectives on their potential for clinical development and translation.
Comércio internacional e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Ferreira Adriano Fernandes , Vilaça Isabele Augusto , Mattos Júlia Monteiro Lima de
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo objetiva demonstrar a necessidade do Direito Internacional Privado em abranger a temática dos Direitos Humanos, especificamente através da análise acerca da Convenção de Viena sobre Contratos de Compra e Venda Internacionais - CISG. Portanto, foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa de obras bibliográficas, bem como o método dialógico-dedutivo, buscando correlacionar as categorias do direito internacional privado e dos direitos humanos, abordando os Princípios Orientadores da ONU sobre Empresas e Direitos Humanos como ponto de partida, exemplificando-se através do desabamento do complexo fabril Rana Plaza as consequências de violações de direitos inerentes à condição humana. Em síntese, conclui-se que a CISG é um instrumento possível de ser invocado para proteção desses direitos, por meio de seus artigos 7(2) e 35; além de também ser necessária e fundamental a atuação de internacionalistas na área, como advogados, para reforçar cláusulas em contratos que visem à proteção dos direitos humanos.
A tutorial on how to write evidence gap maps
Authors: Basu Arindam
Published: April 2021

Evidence gap maps are visual matrices to show gaps in available evidence about a research questions. In order to construct an evidence gap map, you should select an answerable research question, search available literature, select studies, assess their quality or critically appraise their quality, and then tally each type of study for each intervention-outcome or exposure-outcome pair. After all the cells are filled or left blank, the blank cells in such a framework show the gaps in the evidence. We describe here the processes and do a demonstration step by step
ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ РОЗВИТКУ ІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В АГРОПРОМИСЛОВОМУ КОМПЛЕКСІ
Authors: Рибалко Юлія Олександрівна
Published: April 2021

Formulation of the problem. Despite the existing significant contribution to solving the integration process development problems it should be noted that the problems of ecological and economic development of integration processes in the agro-industrial complex have not been studied comprehensively. Purpose of article. To study domestic and foreign theory and practice of the integration relationships formation in the field of agro-industrial production, to identify the main factors of environmental and economic interaction of enterprises and industries of the agro-industrial complex. The object of research is integration processes in the agro-industrial complex. Methods used in research. The theoretical basis for the research was the works of scientists on the issues of cooperative-integration relations in the agro-industrial complex. In the course of research, the following methods were used: abstract-logical, monographic, comparative analysis, etc. The hypothesis of the study. The study of the problems of ecological and economic development of integration processes in the agro-industrial complex will make it possible to determine the strategic directions of sustainable development of even a separate region. Presentation of the main material. Identification of a number of factors of environmental and economic interaction between enterprises and industries of the agro-industrial complex on the basis of their integration in the context of increasing the competitiveness of production and products. Originality and practical value. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of theoretical and scientific-methodological approaches to solving the ecological and economic problems of the region's development. Conclusions. Attainment of ecological and economic balance in the conditions of the formation of scientifically based tools for the enterprises and industries of the agro-industrial complex interaction.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦІЇ ФІНАНСОВИХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ
Authors: Ліхоносова Ганна Сергіївна , Чаплигін Іван Костянтинович
Published: April 2021

Formulation of the problem. Understanding the essence of the financial results of enterprises and using effective management decisions regarding their future development is a key guarantee to increasing the efficiency of organizations. One of the most pressing issues related to accounting, analysis and audit of financial results in the conditions of competitive environment is the conceptual aspects of their classification. The functioning of an enterprise largely depends on its ability to bring a sufficient level of income. The aim of the research is to define the concept of systematization of financial results of the enterprise in order to further improve the efficiency of accounting and analytical work of the organization, identify problems in the interpretation of the concept of «financial results» in order to improve their accounting, analysis and audit. The subject of the research is conceptual aspects of classification of financial results of domestic enterprises. The methods of the research: comparison, juxtaposition, systemic and analytical approaches, mean values, generalization and classification, dialectical and formal logic. The statement of basic materials. The article identifies the peculiarities of classification of financial results of the enterprise, defines existing shortcomings in the regulatory and legislative regulation of Ukraine regarding the terminology of financial results of the company, examines and summarizes approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «financial results», evaluates and analyzes the financial results of domestic business entities, measures are proposed to improve accounting, analytical and audit procedures for financial results and improve the business performance of organizations. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of applying the recommendations provided to improve accounting, analytical and audit procedures for financial results and improve the business efficiency of domestic enterprises. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. Classification of financial results of enterprises is the starting point for building their accounting, analysis and audit, but existing approaches to systematizing financial results contain many contradictory points, and therefore are imperfect. Classification features should cover a comprehensive study of financial results and ensure that they are grouped in the right context. The offered classification of financial results for the use of accounting, analysis and audit will increase the efficiency of accounting and analytical activities of organizations.
Physical Properties Analysis of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber on Methylene Blue Adsorption
Authors: Farma Rakhmawati
Published: April 2021

The present research was conducted to analyze the physical properties of activated carbon from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (OPEFBF) to be applied as methylene blue adsorbent material. The OPEFBF was pre-carbonized at 280oC for 4 hours in vacuum, milled, and sieved to obtain the self-adhesive carbon grain (SACG) with a size less than 106 µm. The chemical activation was done using potassium hydroxide (KOH) with variations of 25%, 50%, and 75% from the SACG weight, stirred at 400 rpm for 24 hours at room temperature and pyrolyzed using microwave irradiations at the output power of 720 W for 15 minutes. The physical properties of activated carbon consist of two characterizations, namely microstructure evaluated with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and surface morphology evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD pattern showed that the activated carbon had a semi-crystalline structure characterized by the presence of (002) and (100) planes at the diffraction angle of 2θ about 21o and 43o, respectively. The surface morphology of activated carbon depicted that a higher percentage of KOH resulted in more pores were formed. Thus, the higher the surface area of activated carbon, the greater the adsorption of methylene blue. The highest methylene blue adsorption was obtained in the sample of 75% KOH with 87.73 mg/g. The energy dispersive X-ray showed that the increase of KOH percentage used enhanced the percentage of carbon element produced.
The Analysis of Hydrophobic Interaction on Aspergillus Niger Xylanase Enzyme Thermal Stability
Authors: Malau Nia Daniaty
Published: April 2021

Xylanase is a type of enzyme that has an important role in the industrial field. One measure that can be done to improve the thermostability of an enzyme is by protein engineering. The mutation of the protein can be done by studying protein structures through molecular dynamics simulation approach. In this research, thermal stability analysis on Aspergilus niger Wild Type Xylase (AnX) was performed which aims to study the thermal stability characteristics of xynalase enzyme from Aspergillus niger through molecular dynamics simulation approach. AnX molecular dynamics simulation was performed by NAMD (Not Just Another Molecular Dynamic) software at 300 – 500 K. The research was focused on the study of enzyme thermal stability characteristics in order to get the information of residues accountable for such characteristics. The selection of residues to be mutated was based on hydrophocic interaction analysis. Then from that, the design of xylanase enzyme mutant with better thermostability than wild type xynalase enzyme was made in order to provide design reference for more stable xylanase mutation design which can be implemented in wet experiments for of Aspergillus niger Xylanase enzyme genetic engineering. The enzyme was unfolded at 500 K at 9.5 ns. The residues responsible of the thermal stability were based on hydrophobic interaction analysis in Alanin at residue 60. This residue is located in segmen/chain 3. The best mutant is Alanin 60 residue mutant which is replaced by Methionin and ∆∆Gsolv of -21.10345 was obtained. Thus, Ala60Met is the most stable mutant which might increase the thermal stability of Aspergillus niger Xylanase Enzyme.
Water Pipe Leakage Detector Using a Pressure Transmitter Sensor with a Remote Distance Smartphone Display
Authors: Perangin-Angin Bisman
Published: April 2021

This research aimed to design the air pipe leak detection using a pressure transmitter sensor with a smartphone as a display. The research produced a method that can be relied upon by pipe leaks quickly and accurately. The method was carried out by using two flowmeter sensors that are placed before and after the pipe leak point to record data on the difference between intake and exit air flow (ΔQ). The resulting data was transmitted to the computer using a TCP/IP-based network. The results obtained show that the smaller the difference in the flow of air into and out (ΔQ), the farther the pipe leak is (X).
Desenvolvimento do feijão-de-porco em latossolo submetido à compactação
Authors: Valadão Júnior Daniel Dias , Souza Flavia Firmini de Lima , Valadão Franciele Caroline de Assis , Polizel Caroline Rodrigues , Silva Rafael Guilherme da
Published: April 2021

O tráfego intenso de maquinários pode resultar em uma camada compactada afetando o crescimento das raízes e na produtividade das culturas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial da cultura do feijão-de-porco em solo compactado visando a recuperação de solos degradados. O experimento foi instalado em Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico típico de textura argilosa sob delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por compactações obtidas pelo número de passadas de um trator agrícola (0, 1, 3, 6 e 11 passadas). As propriedades físicas do solo (densidade do solo, macroporosidade, microporosidade e porosidade total) e o sistema radicular (diâmetro, área de raiz e distribuição) foram avaliados nas camadas de 0,0-0,05, 0,05-0,10, 0,10-0,15 e 0,15-0,20 m de profundidade. Avaliou-se ainda a evolução da cobertura do solo, altura de planta, o conteúdo de nitrogênio (N) na planta e a produção de massa seca (MSPA) do feijão-de-porco. O tráfego de máquinas proporcionou alteração nas propriedades físicas do solo e consequente formação de camada compactada. As mudanças nas propriedades físicas ocasionadas pelo tráfego do trator provocam alterações no sistema radicular do feijão-de-porco, porém, não o suficiente para comprometer a MSPA, altura e cobertura do solo, sendo uma cultura alternativa para rotação de cultura em solos compactados.
Características agronômicas da soja em função da adubação com pó de rocha e biofertilizante
Authors: Amaral Gabriel Campos do , Berti Mariana Pina Da Silva , Silva Alan Abadio da , Silva Júnior Geovani Soares da , Custódio José Paulo Carneiro , Peixoto Wanderson Araújo
Published: April 2021

Na soja a fertilidade do solo é considerado um dos principais fatores responsáveis pela queda de produtividade dos grãos. Devido a isso o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o uso de diferentes fertilizantes nos componentes de produção e produtividade de grãos de soja cultivados no cerrado. O experimento foi conduzido na safra 2016-2017. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos casualizados no esquema em faixas com cinco repetições. O experimento teve como tratamento oito tipos de fontes como adubação e um tratamento testemunha que não teve adubação alguma sendo o tratamento (1) pó de rocha mica xisto, tratamento (2) pó de rocha mica xisto + adubação com MAP e KCl, tratamento (3) pó de rocha mica xisto com metade da adubação de MAP e KCL tratamento (4) adubação com MAP e KCl, tratamento (5) testemunha sem adubação, tratamento (6) adubação com MAP e KCl + inoculação turfoso, tratamento (7) adubação com MAP e KCl + inoculação no sulco de plantio, tratamento (8) biofertilizante pó de rocha + esterco bovino sem inoculação, tratamento (9) biofertilizante pó de rocha + esterco bovino + inoculação no sulco de plantio. A aplicação de pó de rocha na cultura da soja se mostrou muito promissor, seja como fonte de fertilizante, ou em substituição ou complementação ao uso de adubos altamente solúveis.
Morphological Analysis of the Neologisms during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Akut Katherine B.
Published: April 2021

The emergence of neologisms has always been an interesting phenomenon as it demonstrates the dynamism of language. This study intends to determine the neologisms during COVID-19 Pandemic through a morphological analysis. This study argues that the neologisms that emerge during the COVID-19 pandemic reveal the morphological processes that formed the new words. It further claims that the morphemic structures of the neologisms follow the general structures of English vocabulary. This study utilizes the descriptive-qualitative design in analyzing the morphological structures of the neologisms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this study involves textual analysis to determine the morphological processes that encompass the formation of new words. The data used in analyzing the morphological structures of COVID-19-related neologisms are five (5) Internet articles that introduce the new terms created because of the corona virus outbreak. These articles were published in the months of March, April and May 2020.Findings reveal that most of the neologisms are nouns. The common morphological process involved in the formation of new words are compounding, blending and affixation. Moreover, majority of the neologisms follow the compound structure of the free and bound morphemes. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the neologisms formed during the COVID-19 pandemic reveal the morphological processes and the morphemic structures of the neologisms follow the general structures of English vocabulary specifically on the combination of free and bound morphemes.
Digital Literacy, Competence, Identity and Intelligence: The Four Teachers Essential Skills in 21st Century
Authors: Forutanian Shadi
Published: April 2021

These days, digital literacy, digital competence, digital identity and digital intelligence are becoming essential skills for everyone, especially teachers. Understanding their concepts and components is essential for teachers even more than learners in the process of these digital skills development. If teachers have not capabilities in these four skills, they couldn’t transfer any knowledge to learners in online environments undoubtedly. Even proper, on time, enough and complete knowledge transfer from teachers to leaners never happened. The results of this study show that teachers had low awareness about 4D skills and couldn’t understand and define 4D skills very well. The present qualitative study measured teachers’ awareness about these digital skills by semi-structured interviews and based on the retrieved data, proposed a Quality 4D (digital literacy, digital competence, digital intelligence) skills framework for measuring and developing of teachers 4D skills.
The Structuring of English Sentences by Chadian EFL Learners
Authors: Nkongho Magdaline Bakume , Mbaiornom Ernest
Published: April 2021

Recent studies have shown that there is a positive attitude and an increase motivation in the learning of English language by Chadian learners. Despite this, the learners’ linguistic performances remain poor especially in their written productions which are often characterised by grammatical deviances and incomprehensible sentences. This study investigates several kinds of deviances that occur in the structure of English sentences produced by Chadian learners of English as Foreign Language (EFL). The study was carried out using corpora as the method for data collection. Thus, data were drawn from 175authentic narrative paragraphs written by 175Terminale A4 students from Lycée Adoum Dallah, Moundou in Chad. The analyses were based on Interlanguage and Error Analysis Theories. Findings revealed that miss elective errors were the widespread errors committed by Chadian learners of EFL as this category represents 39.17% of deviances.  The results also indicate that sentences produced by Chadian learners of EFL were frequently affected by additive errors (27.76%) and omissionerrors (26.47%). Lastly, the study equally found that misordering errors were less committed as this category of errors represents a small proportion (6.58%) of deviances. These categories of errors were attributed to French language influences and intralingual factors.
Strategies of Subtitling the Word Fuck in The Wolf of Wall Street Movie
Authors: Sutrisno Adi , Ibnus Nizar
Published: April 2021

To determine the appropriate strategy for the translation of the word fuck and its variants in audio visual translation is indeed problematic. On the one hand, the translator is required to maintain the beauty of the literary value as reflected in the dialogues, including the usage of offensive swear words; on the other hand, he is obliged to comply with the provisions stipulated in government regulation number 13 year 2014 concerning film censorship agency, especially paragraph 6 article 25 which forbids the usage of vulgar, offensive, racist words that have the potential to ignite public unrest. This research is intended to investigate the choice of translation strategy made by the translator. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative using data in the form of the word fuck and its variants with The Wolf of Wall Street movie as the data source. This study is also intended to compare the results of a similar study conducted by Hawel (2019) which is about the strategy of audiovisual translation from English to Arabic. The results showed that there are similarities in the frequency of the strategies used, namely omission and softening strategies, which reached 75% and 25% respectively in Hawel's research (2019), and omission and mollification strategies which reached 72.9% and 27.1% consecutively in this study. The word mollification in this research is similar to the word softening in Hawel's (2019).
Teachers’ Perception of Students’ Misbehavior and Assertive Discipline in English Classroom
Authors: Thilagaratnam Jeya Sarkunan Jaya , Yamat Hamidah
Published: April 2021

Students’ misbehavior has become one of the major problems in the English language classroom and affects the teaching and learning process. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the teachers’ perception of students’ misbehavior and if it really affects their teaching process and the students’ learning process. The Qualitative methodology was used to collect data for this study. The main mode of data collection instruments used for this study was Teachers’ Interview, Observation and Students’ Interview, in which the data was triangulated to counter biases. The Interview questions focused on the teachers’ perception of students’ misbehaviour and how it disrupts their English language lesson. The teachers were also asked about their perception of assertive discipline approach. Observation was done, and a field note was created based on the happenings in the specific observed class. To round it up, the students' perception of their behavior and the classes’ environment was collected. It was evident that the teachers’ perception towards students’ misbehavior was a disruption to their lesson. It was primarily based on the student's lack of interest and discipline towards learning English.
The Use of Translation as a Learning Strategy: A Case Study of Students of the University of Bahrain
Authors: Thani Aisha S. , Ageli Nuri R.
Published: April 2021

The use of native language in learning English is a controversial issue. Some studies advocate its use while others are against it.  As far as Arab Bahraini students are concerned, there are no studies that show whether translation is useful for students with different language proficiency and therefore, this study is filling a gap in knowledge in this area. This research aims to determine to what extent translation as a learning strategy is used by 4th year students and Orientation program students at the University. One hundred students from both groups participated in a survey with two sets of questionnaires related to beliefs and strategy use. The results of this qualitative and quantitative study have revealed that the majority of orientation students use translation as a learning strategy and hold positive beliefs about it, whereas a small percentage of the 4th year English major students still use translation as a learning strategy although they hold negative beliefs about it.  As a result, it is recommended that students at public schools should have more exposure to English language during English classes, enabling them to think directly in the target language without being pressured to use translation. As a result, the number of students in the University orientation program will ultimately decrease due to the improvement of their language proficiency.
Analysis of Gender Bias in Two Arabic Language Textbooks - Grade 1
Authors: Bataineh Adnan
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the presence/absence of gender bias in the first-grade Arabic language school textbooks used at public schools in the Sultanate of Oman. Content analysis is used to analyze the following four categories: gender illustrations, gender roles, gender firstness, gender nouns, and gender names. In general, the study results have shown that gender bias against females is still ingrained in the first-grade Arabic language textbooks. The results have indicated that first-grade school textbook did not exhibit a balanced representation of gender in terms of gender illustrations, gender roles, gender firstness, and gender nouns. In addition, male gender roles were traditional and varied whereas female gender roles were traditional. The only category that exhibited a balanced gender representation of males and females was gender nouns. In the light of these results, some recommendations have been made.
The Influence of Emotion Based Language Instruction on Speaking and Writing Skills among EFL learners: An Empirical Study
Authors: Adel Seyyed Mohammad Reza , Najjari Hossein , Farivar Marziyeh , Heydarnejad Tahereh
Published: April 2021

Effective learning is the ultimate goal in every educational system, which can be achieved by considering the intertwined relationships of both cognitive and affective procedures. In line with this argument, this study intends to shed light on the impact of Emotion Based Language Instruction (EBLI) in enhancing teaching productive skills (speaking and writing) to EFL students. To do so, Quasi-Experimental Study was carried out among Iranian English as foreign language (EFL) students. The learning materials and the supplementary parts were selectively developed based on the Metric of Emotioncy designed by Pishghadam (2016). To observe the influence of EBLI, the differences in scores of pre and posttest of IELTS were statistically calculated. The results displayed a significant change in speaking and writing skills among students in the experimental group. The findings of the present study may foster EBLI implementation and increase the related knowledge in teaching foreign/second languages.
A Morpho-phonemic Analysis on Sasak Affixation
Authors: Syarifaturrahman Wahyu Kamil , Sutarman  , Abdussamad Zainudin
Published: April 2021

The current study analyses the morpho-phonemic in Sasak affixation especially in Ngeno-Ngene dialect. This study is a qualitative research in nature. The data were collected via field linguistic method using three techniques of data collection: observation, interview, and note-taking. The study used a qualitative research method to describe all morphophonemic process of affixation in Ngeno-Ngene dialect of Sasak language. The results of the study revealed that there are two affixes that undergo morphophonemic process, namely, prefix  be-, pe-, ng-, t-, me- and simulfix ke-an. Prefix be- can cause epenthesis (additional r ), prefix pe- causes epenthesis (additional n and mi) and assimilation ( kn),  prefix ng- causes assimilation (k ŋ), prefix t- causes epenthesis (additional e) and prefix me- causes assimilation (pm). The simulfix ke-an in this dialect causes epenthesis in which there will be lexical addition ‘r,m,n’ when the simulfix ke-an is used.