bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN AKSESORIS RESIN LIMBAH CANGKANG KERANG BERBASIS DESAIN DAN PEMASARAN ONLINE SEBAGAI PELUANG WIRAUSAHA DESA WISATA PERCUT SEI TUAN
Authors: Pelawi Yemima Christy , Juwairiah Juwairiah , Maulana Ananda , Sebayang Grace Kezia , Fatmawati Dhea , Lubis Lisna Erliantika , Hutabarat Oktaviasi , Simbolon Wesly , Ramada Daniel Hotma , Simamora Imellianora , Simamora Gabriel Saur Tua
Published: June 2024

Perairan Laut Percut terletak di Desa Bagan Percut Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang mayoritas penduduk hidup dan tergantung dari hasil Laut. Bagan Percut Sei Tuan juga memiliki wisata kuliner terapung sehingga menghasilkan banyak sisa kulit kerang yang terbuang hasil dari restoran restoran disekitar wisata terapung tersebut. Salah satu potensi yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal adalah potensi kerang-kerangan yang banyak terbuang begitu saja menjadi limbah dan polusi udara karena bau dan menumpuk di sekitar kawasan tersebut. Tujuan tim pengabdi untuk meningkatkan penghasilan rumah tangga nelayan Desa Percut Sei Tuan dengan melakukan kegiatan pemanfaatan limbah kerang berupa pembuatan kerajinan tangan menggunakan teknik resin berbasis desain dan pemasaran online. Metode pengabdian ini yaitu pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk mengolah dan memanfaatkan potensi limbah cangkang kerang menjadi produk kerajinan kreatif berupa aksesoris dan cendramata. kegiatam tim pengabdi melakukan penyuluhan dan kursus yang ditekankan pada cara pembuatan kerajinan dengan teknik resin, membuat desain, dan cara memasarkan hasil produksi secara online. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah berhasilnya membentuk usaha baru bagi ibu rumah tangga setempat. Adapun hasil dari pengabdian ini berhasilnya mengajarkan cara mengolah limbah cangkang kerang menjadi sebuah aksesoris resin kepada ibu rumah tangga, remaja dan tokoh tokoh setempat. Dan berhasil membuat akun e-commers penjualan kerajinan cangkang kerang. Dan  Dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dari hasil pembuatan kerajinan. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah berhasilnya membentuk usaha baru dan dapat membuka lahan pencaharian untuk warga setempat.
PERAN HOMESTAY DALAM PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI DAN PARIWISATA DESA MARGALUYU, PENGALENGAN, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Yuliani Nafisah , Trisnawati Nana , Idaman Nur , Budilaksono Sularso , Suryani Fitri , Marhalinda Marhalinda , Suwartane I Gede Agus
Published: June 2024

Permasalahan mitra pengabdian kepada masyarakat Desa Margaluyu Pengalengan Jawa Barat adalah : optimalisasi pengelolaan homestay, pengembangan produk dan daya Tarik wisata, pemasaran dan promosi, keterlibatan masyarakat lokal. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat mengidentifikasi peluang-peluang  homestay yang dihasilkan bagi masyarakat lokal Desa Margaluyu,Pengalengan, menggali potensi homestay di kawasan Desa Margaluyu ,Pengalengan, menggali peran  homestay dalam pengembangan ekonomi dan pariwisata Desa Margaluyu,Pengalengan. Perbaikan yang telah dilakukan pemilik homestay, perlu dukungan pemerintah dan dinas terkait dalam penyediaan infrastruktur dan prasarana desa wisata. Pemerintah setempat bekerja sama dengan penduduk desa untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas, memperbaiki jalan, menyediakan sumber air bersih, dan meningkatkan sanitasi. Selain itu, juga dilakukan peningkatan fasilitas pendukung lainnya seperti penyediaan listrik yang stabil dan akses internet yang memadai.  Hal Ini memberikan manfaat jangka panjang bagi masyarakat desa dan memperkuat daya tarik Desa Wisata Situ Cipanunjang Desa Margaluyu Pengalengan Jawa Barat. Dengan demikian, peran homestay dalam pengembangan ekonomi di Desa Margaluyu Pengalengan Jawa Barat, Pengalengan, sangat signifikan. Selain memberikan dampak ekonomi langsung melalui peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat, homestay juga menjadi katalisator untuk pengembangan infrastruktur, pemberdayaan komunitas, dan promosi produk lokal. Dengan dukungan yang tepat dari berbagai pihak terkait, homestay dapat menjadi salah satu motor penggerak utama dalam mengembangkan ekonomi lokal dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Desa Margaluyu Pengalengan Jawa Barat.
EDUKASI PENGOLAHAN HASIL PERIKANAN DALAM UPAYA PENGUATAN PANGAN BERBASIS PROTEIN DI NEGERI TENGAH TENGAH, MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Silaban Bernita , Leiwakabessy Jusuf , Tupan Johanna , Lewerissa Sherly , Nanlohy Esterlina E.E. M. , Rieuwpassa Fredrik
Published: June 2024

Tengah-tengah merupakan desa pesisir dengan topografi wilayah berupa dataran tinggi berbukit dimana sebagain besar masyarakat bermatapencaharian sebagai nelayan. Saat ikan melimpah, seluruh hasil tangkapan dijual ke pasar. Tidak ditinggalkan untuk konsumsi keluarga. Saat ikan sulit didapat karena cuaca buruk, masyarakat cenderung mencari sumber protein lain pengganti ikan seperti tahu dan tempe sebagai lauk di meja makan, bahkan ada yang memilih tidak makan ikan. Ada pula yang kurang menyukai makan ikan. Tujuan PKM untuk memberikan edukasi pengolahan hasil perikanan dalam upaya penguatan pangan berbasis protein dengan cara memperkenalkan produk olahan dari ikan sehingga dapat meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat  tentang pentingnya makan ikan. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini adalah metode ceramah, diskusi dan pelatihan. Ceramah diberikan dalam bentuk presentasi power point dan leaflet dilanjutkan dengan sesi tanya jawab. Sasarannya kepada ibu-ibu PKK dan ibu rumah tangga di Negeri Tengah-tengah, Maluku Tengah. Setelah diberikan edukasi terjadi peningkatkan pengetahuan dari tidak tahu menjadi tahu. Para peserta mengakui bahwa mereka cukup puas mendapatkan informasi yang sangat banyak mulai dari manfaat ikan dan kandungan gizinya, cara pengolahan dan penganekaragaman produk hasil perikanan, cara memperpanjang dan menjaga mutu bahan baku dan produk olahan, cara membuat surimi dan mengaplikasikannya pada produk serena ikan serta mengemas produk yang benar. Dari kegiatan ini diharapkan masyarakat mampu membuat produk surimi sesuai dengan karakteristik produknya dan termotivasi untuk menciptakan produk olahan hasil perikanan yang beragam dan bermutu sehingga dapat mingkatkan nilai tambah dari ikan,  mengatasi musim saat ikan sulit di tangkap, dan menambah penghasilan bagi masyarakat di Negeri Tengah-tengah.
RESTOCKING UNTUK KONSERVASI IKAN BADUT GIRU (Amphiprion clarkii) PADA WILAYAH PERAIRAN NEGERI SULI, KECAMATAN SALAHUTU, KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Sahusilawane Helena Afia , Karuwal Ritha L. , Slamet Heru
Published: June 2024

Negeri Suli termasuk salah satu daerah di kepulauan Maluku yang memiliki sumber daya alam dan nilai estetika perairan yang tinggi sehingga dijadikan sebagai daerah ekowisata bagi wisatawan domestik maupun mancanegara. Namun, saat ini potensi perairan yang dimiliki mengalami penurunan jumlah populasi akibat aktivitas masyarakat setempat. Salah satunya adalah penangkapan ikan hias laut secara berlebihan untuk kepentingan pasaran maupun kebutuhan pangan. Salah satu jenis ikan hias laut yang ditangkap adalah ikan badut giru (Amphiprion clarkii). Untuk menjaga kelestarian jenis ikan hias tersebut, diperlukan upaya konservasi sehingga tetap lestari. Salah satunya adalah restocking untuk menambah stok ikan di alam. Dalam kaitan itu, tim pengabdian sebagai bagian dari pemerhati lingkungan maupun perikanan merasa perlu untuk melakukan kegiatan dimaksud. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan tahapan budidaya di BPBL Ambon, koordinasi analisis situasi pada wilayah perairan negeri Suli, survei lokasi restoking dan kegiatan restoking serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa tim pengabdian berhasil melakukan budidaya ikan giru dari 3 pasang induk dan diperoleh benih dari empat kali penetasan. Hasil pemeliharaan benih dilanjutkan dengan restoking sebanyak 600 individu berukuran 5 cm pada tiga titik spot. Berdasarkan hasil monitoring dan evaluasi, benih ikan tersebut mampu beradaptasi dan survive pada kondisi lingkungan yang berbeda. Dengan demikian, diperlukan upaya konservasi melalui restoking ikan hias secara terus menerus untuk menjaga potensi sumber daya dan meningkatan peluang ekowisata berkelanjutan.
OPTIMALISASI TARIF PELAYANAN KULIAH PROGRAM STUDI ORTHOPEDI MELALUI PERHITUNGAN UNIT COST
Authors: Suhaedi Wirawan , Tara Nur Aida Arifah , Waskito Iman , Hudaya Robith , Rakhmawati Intan
Published: June 2024

Orthopedi merupakan spesialisasi kedokteran yang berfokus pada pengobatan dan terapi masalah tulang serta saraf dalam tulang, baik bedah, pengobatan, maupun pemulihan, hingga traumotologi. Universitas Mataram direncanakan membuka Program Studi Orthopedi di bawah Fakultas Kedokteran. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengabdian berupa pemberian materi dan diskusi sehubungan dengan penentuan biaya dengan full costing, dalam rangka penentuan Biaya Kuliah Tunggal (BKT) per mahasiswa dan Uang Kuliah Tunggal (UKT).  Pengabdian telah dilaksanakan di Rektorat Universitas Mataram, dan menghasilkan nilai Biaya Kuliah Tunggal (BKT) per mahasiswa. Analisa biaya dilakukan dengan pengelompokan biaya menjadi biaya langsung dan biaya tidak langsung, baik untuk kegiatan perkuliahan di kelas kegiatan laboratorium, praktikum, dan administrasi umum. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, diharapkan dapat tercapai optimalisasi tarif pelayanan kuliah. Hasil pengabdian ini adalah perhitungan unit cost Biaya Kuliah Tunggal (BKT) mahasiswa Program Studi orthopedi.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN TERNAK KELINCI DI DASAN KARANG ANYAR DESA SIKUR LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Wiryawan I Ketut Gede , Erwan Erwan , Purnamasari Dwi Kusuma , Maslami Vebera
Published: June 2024

Service to the community in the village of Karang Anyar Sikur Village, East Lombok, aims to improve knowledge breeders skill especially breeders rabbit that is in through making and giving quality feed. The population and growth of rabbits in Karang Anyar Sikur Village, East Lombok is relatively low compared to other villages in East Lombok, this is due to the lack of knowledge about the management of feeding rabbits, including the quality and quantity of feed provided. The implementation of the activity is carried out gradually, starting from the survey location, setting the time for implementation, making the brochure/leaf, and watching the video about the cultivation of the rabbit and the evaluation stage. By achieving the goal of this activity, it is expected that the community, especially the pet group, will be able to make formulas for the rabbit's food from the materials that are available at the location, with the content of the nutrition, according to the needs of the rabbit, and the provision of good food, so that it can increase the growth of the rabbit Income breeders rabbit.
Reformas y contrarreformas de la protección social: La Seguridad Social en la Argentina en la primera década del siglo
Authors: Danani Claudia , Hintze Susana
Published: June 2024

El trabajo analiza la capacidad de protección social del sistema de seguridad social argentino en inicios del siglo XXI (esto es en el alcance cuanti y cualitativo de satisfacción de necesidades de prestaciones y servicios definidas en un cierto sector de políticas, en este caso la seguridad social). Se abordan los contenidos político-culturales producidos en el curso de estos procesos, y los significados asignados a términos como “derechos”, “solidaridad” o “papel del Estado, privilegiándose el sistema previsional las asignaciones familiares.  Se rastrean los elementos más significativos de lo que se considera una “transición” en las políticas sociales en la primera década del siglo, sosteniendo que se registra en la Argentina una reorientación de algunas de las políticas de Estado, que constituye una contrarreforma de las características de la década de 1990.
Prevalence of perinatal asphyxia and mortality in newborns admitted in Neonatal Ward at Tumbi Regional Referral Hospital from January to June 2022
Authors: Janet Cassian Njau
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Is to determine prevalence and immediate outcome of newborn with perinatal asphyxia admitted from January to June 2022 at Tumbi regional referral Hospital, Tanzania Scope: Review of 2022 hospital records from book number 14, in which all newborns admissions are documented indicating demographic data, provisional and definitive diagnoses, as well as investigation results, treatment and outcome. Data reviewed was for all 669 admitted newborns from January to June 2022. Two children with both perinatal asphyxia and severe congenital malformations were excluded. Results: During the period of six months, 138 (20.6%) out of 669 admitted newborns had perinatal asphyxia, in which 58 (55.2%) were males. A total of 34 newborns died, majority of which being males (64.7%). Findings: Mortality in newborns with perinatal asphyxia is still high, as 24.6% of asphyxiated newborns died within the admission period, compared to 9.8% deaths in newborns without asphyxia. Conclusion: A total of 669 newborns were admitted in which 20.6% had perinatal asphyxia, with mortality of 5% out of all admissions. Perinatal asphyxia still contributes considerably to morbidity and mortality. Cost-effective measures to improve maternal and newborn care should be available and sustainable.
Dinamika Koalisi Partai Politik dalam Pencalonan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden pada PEMILU 2024
Authors: Djoni Gunanto  , Yana Syafriyana Hijri  , Nurhakim  , Putri Hana Nurhasanah
Published: June 2024

Observing the dynamics of existing coalitions, the 2024 presidential election allows for the formation of four coalition axes. As of today, the United Indonesia Coalition (KIB) is the first coalition to be declared in June 2022. Holding 26.82% of the DPR seats, the Golkar Party, PAN and PPP are in a coalition to face the 2024 General Election (Pemilu) and Presidential Election (Pilpres). The Gerindra Party and PKB appear to be the second axis coalition with 23.66% of the DPR seats. Meanwhile, the combination of the Nasdem Party, PKS and Democratic Party which formed the Change Coalition was able to accumulate the largest number of votes with 28.35% of the DPR seats. As for the PDIP, even though it has not yet appeared to build a coalition with other parties, it has a presidential boarding pass threshold of 20% to directly advance in the presidential election without having to form a coalition with other parties.
This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Research Method This research uses a qualitative approach with problem research aimed at obtaining an in-depth and comprehensive description of a phenomenon experienced by research subjects. Discussion results Based on the results of mapping political party support, the KPU noted that the Advanced Indonesia Coalition (KIM), which supports Prabowo Subianto-Gibran Rakabuming Raka, is a political party coalition that has the most valid votes in the 2019 General Election results. The Advanced Indonesia Coalition has 59,762,053 votes. The decision to form a coalition with a political party which initially had opposing ideologies and nominate a candidate pair outside the cadre must ultimately be taken by the political party when it is about to advance in the contest. This is because the voting public in Indonesia is pragmatic. People look more at popular figures or the high electability of candidate pairs, rather than looking at the vision, mission or programs offered by political parties.
Sähköistetty koeluenta vanhoihin runoihin
Authors: Korpikallio Sakari
Published: June 2024

Katsauksessa tarkastellaan FILTER-hankkeen toimintaa ja sen osoittamia mahdollisuuksia tulevaisuuden tutkimusmahdollisuuksille. Osana katsausta esitetään tapaustutkimuksellinen esimerkki, jossa on hyödynnetty hankkeen työkaluja.
Pohjoisen kokemusmaailmaa etnologiassa
Authors: Schwartz Eija
Published: June 2024

Turun etnologian professori Helena Ruotsala jäi eläkkeelle 1. elokuuta 2023. Oman jäähyväisluennon sijaan Ruotsala oli toivonut seminaaria, jonka tieteelliset esitelmät kokoaisivat yhteen hänelle tärkeitä tutkimusaiheita ja tutkijakollegoita eri yhteyksistä vuosien varrelta. Seminaarissa kuultiin viisi esitelmää, joista kaksi liittyi Lappiin ja kolme käsitteli kansatiedettä ja etnologiaa muuten. Helena Ruotsalan haastattelu on tehty marraskuussa 2023 muutama päivä juhlaseminaarin jälkeen.
Clinical observation of a rare complication of Crohn’s disease
Authors: Markova A. A. , Kashkina E. I. , Aparkina A. V. , Dorogoykina K. D.
Published: June 2024

The relevance of studying various aspects of Crohn’s disease is due to the high prevalence of the disease, insufficient understanding of etiopathogenesis, the frequent need for surgical interventions, severe course with the development of complications. The article presents a clinical case of late diagnosis of Crohn’s disease with the development of rare urological complications of the disease. The variety of complications of Crohn’s disease involving various organs and systems dictates the need for a multidisciplinary approach to such patients, involving specialists of various profiles in order to more quickly establish a diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment.
The role of intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites in the development of functional constipation
Authors: Galagudza M. M. , Borshchev Yu. Yu. , Borscheva O. V. , Komar V. V. , Fominykh Yu. A. , Uspensky Yu. P.
Published: June 2024

The main link in the pathogenesis of functional constipation (FC) with slow intestinal transit is a decrease in the motor function of the colon. Data from experimental and clinical studies indicate that the gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of colonic motility through various mechanisms. At the same time, the study of the molecular processes underlying the influence of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites on the motor function of the colon is at an early stage. The review analyzes the literature on the role of intestinal microbiota in the development of FD, presents data on the mechanisms of action of various microbial metabolites on the motor and secretory function of the colon, and briefly describes new approaches to the treatment of FD based on modulating the composition of the intestinal microflora. FZ is accompanied by specific changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and in recent years, researchers have established cause-and-effect relationships between certain enterotypes and the development of FZ. To date, the main microbial metabolites have been identified that have a stimulating or inhibitory effect on propulsive peristalsis, as well as on the intensity of secretion of anions and water by colonocytes. Approaches to optimizing the composition of the microbiota in FZ are based on the use of pro- and prebiotics, antibiotics, as well as the use of intestinal microbiota transplantation. A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms mediating the influence of the microbiota and its metabolites on colonic motor function may serve as the basis for the development of new approaches to the treatment of FZ.
Features of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in children with obesity
Authors: Bolotova N. V. , Cherednikova K. A. , Filina N. Yu. , Kompaniets O. V. , Belousova M. S. , Sukhanova M. A.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative features of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in patients with obesity. Materials and methods: a comprehensive clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination of 60 children aged 12-16 years was carried out. The main group (n=30) - patients with exogenous constitutional obesity, the comparison group (n=30) - adolescents with normal body weight. The metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota was assessed by gas-liquid chromatography of a fecal sample with the determination of the relative and absolute values of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Results: All patients with obesity showed a decrease in the concentration of SCFA compared with the comparison group, which indicated a decrease in the metabolic activity of the obligate lactic acid flora and the predominance of the fraction of non-proteolytic anaerobic microorganisms. When assessing the relationship between the lipid spectrum and individual SCFAs and their indices, numerous positive relationships of moderate strength were obtained, which indirectly may indicate the progression of the imbalance of aerobes and anaerobes of the intestinal microbiome with an increase in the degree of metabolic disorders in obese patients. Conclusion: The identified qualitative and quantitative disorders of the intestinal microbiota in obese children are associated with the development of insulin resistance and are a reflection of metabolic endotoxinemia associated with the maintenance of chronic sluggish inflammation in overweight children.
Shwachman-diamond syndrome: how not to miss a serious illness
Authors: Nikolaeva N. V. , Babayan M. L. , Kharitonova L. A.
Published: June 2024

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome is a rare disease inherited by autosomal recessive type, characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, bone abnormalities, growth retardation, bone marrow insufficiency with an increased risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloblastic leukemia. The clinical manifestation of the disease is observed at the neonatal age. Pathology requires lifelong enzyme replacement therapy. The article contains a retrospective analysis of four case histories of children with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. These clinical cases illustrate the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Early diagnosis and prescription of optimal enzyme replacement therapy contributes to adequate physical development of the child, improving his quality of life and prognosis.
Enteral oxygen therapy: new approaches to rehabilitation for chronic gastroduodenal pathology in children
Authors: Turdieva Sh. T. , Agzamova Sh. A. , Khasanova G. M.
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Studying the effect of enteral oxygen therapy (EOT), in the process of rehabilitation, on the regenerative process of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract in children with chronic gastroduodenal pathology (CGDP). Methods. The clinical observation was based on a randomized study. We examined 286 children with CGDP. The research methods fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS), and tests for Helicobacter pylori infection. Results. Based on the results of the FGDS, we developed a scoring scale for the regeneration process (SSRP) without morphological biopsy. According to the results of the SSRP, in patients with inflammatory processes, after a course of standard inpatient treatment, there was a 3rd degree of regeneration, with ulcerative lesions - 4th degree. After a single rehabilitation course, using EOT, a transition to 1-degree regeneration was noted (6.6±0.77 points), without the use of EOT for 2-degree (10.9±1.23 points). The data indicated a more than 63% increase in reparative-regenerative processes when using EOT. Against this background, there was up to a 2.5-fold decrease in Helicobacter pylori carriage. Conclusions. The use of EOT helps to accelerate regenerative mechanisms of the gastric mucosa by up to 63%, and the implementation of a comprehensive rehabilitation program using EOT contributes to a significant decrease in Helicobacter pylori carriage.
Co-infection with hepatitis B and C viruses: current state of the problem
Authors: Volynets G. V. , Khavkin A. I.
Published: June 2024

Co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a complex clinical disease with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 1-15%. The transmission routes for HCV and HBV are similar. During co-infection, four serological profiles are observed: codominant, HCV dominant, HBV dominant and non-replicative. Although both HBV and HCV replicate in hepatocytes, their life cycles are quite different. Viral replication in co-infected cells is characterized by the dominance of HCV replication over HBV replication. Three theories of interaction between HCV and HBV are discussed. There are no established recommendations for the treatment of HBV/HCV co-infection. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C without HBV suppression increases the risk of HBV reactivation. In the review, we evaluate studies of both direct-acting antivirals and interferon-based therapies. Screening and prevention of co-infection are important to prevent serious HBV reactivation.
The difficult path to diagnosis. A case of tufting enteropathy
Authors: Kovaleva A. A. , Leonova I. A. , Sukhotskaya A. A. , Smorodin A. P. , Bairov V. G. , Anichkov N. M. , Kalinina E. Yu. , Davydova Z. V. , Fedotova E. P.
Published: June 2024

Tufted enteropathy is a rare autosomal recessive enteropathy with neonatal onset, accompanied by intractable diarrhea and malabsorption. The typical histological appearance is characterized by “bundles” of densely packed epithelial enterocytes. The etiology of this disease is mutations in the gene for the cell adhesion molecule EpCAM. The article presents a clinical case of confirmed tufting entropathy in a child.
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and older age
Authors: Sabirov I. S. , Karshina O. O. , Sabirova A. I. , Khalmatov A. N.
Published: June 2024

With the growing obesity epidemic around the world, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has become a common cause of liver disease, including in older age groups, the incidence of which is increasing significantly due to significant social change economic development and improvements in health care over recent years. While NAFLD primarily focuses on the accumulation of fat in the liver, MAFLD considers both the presence of fatty tissue in the liver and associated metabolic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia or obesity, providing a more detailed approach to diagnosis and treatment of steatotic liver disease. Thus, the introduction of the term MAFLD reflects a more comprehensive approach to encompass the diverse spectrum of patients affected by this disease and recognizes the complex relationship between metabolic disorders and liver health. Age-associated structural changes can significantly affect the morphology, physiology and oxidative capacity of the liver. With age, the weight of the liver decreases, the functionality of liver cells decreases, leading to a decrease in the rate of protein synthesis, its participation in fat, carbohydrate, pigment, water-electrolyte metabolism decreases, detoxification function and vitamin synthesis are inhibited. That is, the involutive effect on the structure and functional activity of the liver during the aging process, the presence of comorbidity and features of structural and functional changes in MAFLD in elderly people require a special approach in choosing tactics for managing this group of patients. The review article examines data from scientific studies on the prevalence and diagnosis of MAFLD, taking into account involutive changes in the liver in elderly people.
Mortality analysis of the Gomel region population from diseases of the digestive system in 2009-2019
Authors: Ostrovsky A. M. , Koliada I. N.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the study was to analyze mortality from diseases of the digestive system in the Gomel region for the period 2009-2019. Intensive and extensive mortality rates of the population from diseases of the digestive system were analyzed. Differences in the compared indicators were considered statistically significant with a Student’s t-test value of ≥ 2 and a significance р-level ≤ 0.05. From the data obtained, it was established that during the analyzed period there was no statistically significant trend in the increase in mortality rates of the Gomel region population from diseases of the digestive system in general, as well as among people of working age and older than working age. The mortality rate of the rural population of the Gomel region from diseases of the digestive system is 1.5 times higher than the mortality rate of the urban population. In the structure of mortality causes of the Gomel region population from diseases of the digestive system, including urban and rural populations, liver diseases (fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver, except alcoholic) are in first place, vascular diseases of the intestine are in second place, acute pancreatitis and other diseases of the pancreas are in third place, in fourth place alcoholic liver diseases (cirrhosis, hepatitis, fibrosis), followed by duodenal ulcers, stomach ulcers and other diseases of the digestive system. Since liver diseases (fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver, except alcoholic) are in the first place in these categories of the population, the main attention should be paid to primary prevention at all levels: rational and balanced nutrition, quality of medical care through high-quality clinical examination, timely diagnosis, effective treatment and rehabilitation.
Experience of using the medical product “Alfasoxx” in treatment of patients with radiation rectit
Authors: Davydova O. E. , Lichman L. A. , Andreev P. S. , Katorkin S. E. , Kuper V. D.
Published: June 2024

The radiation rectit is the structural and functional changes in the tissues of the rectum caused by the direct exposure to ionizing radiation. Currently, there is no clear strategy for treating patients with radiation rectit, allowing to achieve a long-term and persistent remission of the disease. The results of comparative research on the using of the developed by us method of treatment of patients with radiation rectit with medical product «Alfasoxx» are presented. The developed technique of complex treatment of radiation rectit with medical product «Alfasoxx» is effective, easy to perform and has reasonable prospects for introduction into the routine practice of a doctor-coloproctologist.
Endoscopic semiotics and pathological characteristics of primary malignant esophageal melanoma: a case report
Authors: Ryabtseva V. I. , Pirogov S. S. , Yutsevich O. K. , Sukhin D. G. , Volchenko N. N. , Surkova V. S. , Savelicheva A. E. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: June 2024

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is defined as a tumor, the frequency of which is 0.1-0.2% of all malignant lesions of the esophagus. This type of neoplasia is difficult to diagnose and is characterized by rapid progression, high recurrence rate and metastasis. Despite the diagnostic capabilities of X-ray examination methods, which make it possible to identify a tumor and determine its localization, the correct diagnosis can only be established by endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract with biopsy and subsequent pathological and immunohistochemical studies. A 78 year-old male patient was admitted to the Herzen Moscow State Medical Institute with suspected esophageal cancer. It is known from the anamnesis, that the patient for 6 months notes a dysphagia, pain in the chest area. Based on the data of our expert endoscopic examination, we suspected primary esophageal melanoma with a mixed growth - exophytic and flat-type. According to the results of pathological examination of the biopsies, pigment epithelial-cell melanoma of the esophagus with high mitotic index (up to 3 mitosis figures per 1 sq.mm) with infiltrative growth type. This clinical case demonstrates the importance of a detailed endoscopic examination and performing a targeted biopsy, followed by expert pathological examination in the differential diagnosis of esophageal diseases characterized by pigmentation of mucosa.
Methods of machine learning and big data analysis to establish the molecular mechanisms of the effects of racetams on the metabolism of adipose tissue
Authors: Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A. , Lazebnik L. B.
Published: June 2024

Racetams exhibit not only nootropic effects, but also affect the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. Experimental studies have indicated the possibility of using phenylpiracetam in the treatment of obesity. At the same time, the molecular mechanisms of this pharmacological effect of phenylpiracetam are practically unknown. The paper presents the results of a new artificial intelligence (AI) method for comparative chemoreactome analysis of fonturacetam, piracetam, aniracetam, pramiracetam and levetiracetam. Another AI method, chemoneurocytological analysis, made it possible to compare the neuroprotective effects of molecules on neurons in culture. Despite the similarity of the proteomic interaction profiles of the studied molecules, differential analysis made it possible to establish the molecular mechanisms of the effect of phenylpiracetam on weight loss. Phenylpiracetam can activate β3-adrenoceptors, adenosine, glucagon-like peptide, sphingosine phosphate, and peroxisome proliferator receptors (PPARG); specifically inhibit cannabinoid, opioid, histamine, glutamate, nociceptin, neuropeptide Y and orexin receptors, which is important for normalizing appetite and improving the metabolism of adipose tissue. The synthetic AI method - pharmacoinformatic analysis indicated the advisability of taking phenylpiracetam together with vitamins C, D and group B.
Eating behavior in patients with metabolically associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Khalashte A. A. , Lyalyukova E. A. , Zhachemuk S. K. , Beslangurova Z. A. , Zhernakova G. N.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to study the phenotypes of eating behavior in patients with NAFLD and their determining factors. Discussion: fatty liver disease has a high prevalence (24-26%) with an upward trend in both developed and developing countries, and in the coming years may become one of the main causes of liver transplantation. The clinical features of the disease are in most cases its asymptomatic course, which can progress to fibrosis/cirrhosis and is associated with the risk of a number of serious extrahepatic diseases (cardiovascular, oncological and others). The mechanisms underlying the formation of increased health risks and disease prognosis are multifactorial. Metabolic disorders, orthorexia nervosa, eating disorders and vegetative effects are considered as possible pathogenetic mechanisms for increasing the risk of NAFLD incidence. Conclusion: the study showed that complex behavioral psycho-social factors are involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and changing eating behavior is an important component of therapy. Dysfunctional eating behavior can be a barrier to long-term success from therapy.
Loss of Schooling from Tropical Cyclones: Evidence from 13 Low- and Middle-income Countries
Authors: Jing Renzhi , Heft-Neal Sam , Wang Zetianyu , Chen Jie , Qiu Minghao , Opper Isaac , Wagner Zachary , Bendavid Eran
Published: June 2024

Increasing educational attainment is one of the most important and effective tools for health and economic improvements. The extent to which extreme climate events disrupt education, resulting in fewer years of schooling and reduced educational attainment, remains under-studied. Children in low- and middle-income countries may be uniquely vulnerable to loss of schooling after such disasters due to the poor physical condition of schools and the lack of resources to rebuild and mitigate unexpected household shocks. Our analysis assesses this overlooked social cost of tropical cyclones on schooling attainment. We study the education records of nearly 5.1 million people living in 13 low- and middle- income countries that were exposed to tropical cyclones between 1954-2010. We find that exposure to tropical cyclones during preschool age is associated with a 2.7 percentage point decrease in primary school enrollment on average (14.2% decrease), with larger effects from more intense storms (up to 28% decrease for the most intense storms). These effects are more pronounced among school-age girls compared to boys and are greater in areas less accustomed to experiencing tropical cyclones. We estimate that, across all LMICs, tropical cyclone exposure has resulted in more than 410,000 children not attending primary school in the last 20 years, leading to a reduction of more than 4.1 million total years of schooling. These impacts, identified among some of the world's poorest populations, may grow in importance as exposure to severe tropical cyclones is projected to increase with climate change.
Konsep Implementasi Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Fauzi Fahmi Ali
Published: June 2024

Pendidikan merupakan hak asasi manusia yang esensial dan harus dapat diakses oleh setiap individu tanpa kecuali. Di Indonesia, konsep pendidikan inklusif mulai mendapatkan perhatian khusus sebagai upaya untuk mengintegrasikan peserta didik, terlepas dari kebutuhan khusus yang mereka miliki, ke dalam sistem pendidikan umum yang sama(Anak & 2016, 2016). Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mendiskusikan konsep filosofi pendidikan inklusi, mengevaluasi implementasinya di Indonesia, dan menawarkan rekomendasi untuk memperkuat praktik pendidikan inklusi dalam sistem pendidikan nasional. Melalui artikel ini, diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan dan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang pentingnya pendidikan inklusi serta mendorong pemerintah dan stakeholder terkait untuk mengambil langkah konkret dalam mengoptimalkan pelaksanaannya demi masa depan pendidikan yang lebih inklusif dan egaliter di Indonesia.
Environment for Knowledge Acquisition by Agents in Internet Infrastructure Restricted Domains
Authors: Braga Juliao
Published: June 2024

The development environment of this project is Internet Infrastructure, where the so-called routing domains are represented by Autonomous Systems (ASes). The research creates an environment that provides resources and facilities to allow autonomy to agents hosted and distributed by ASes. This environment contains resources for agents to collaborate with each other and with humans using techniques associated to a data structure known as blockchain. The environment provides a knowledge base that stores explicit knowledge and mechanisms that infer implicit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is obtained from multi-modal and unstructured databases, available outside the ocal environment and appropriately transformed into databases called corpus. Such corpus undergoes transformation processes that involve natural language processing techniques, including summarization, and form a set of intermediate databases, prepared to be used in an orderly manner to capture knowledge to be used to build explicit knowledge into a knowledge base. Another testing environment is proposed, to exercise algorithms that consolidate the proposed ideas. Intermediate bases are constructed and proposed to favor machine learning algorithms that will add knowledge to the corresponding base. All the components of the proposed environment act together and/or separately to provide a mechanism for feedback and preservation of the knowledge acquired, keeping it persistent and following the paradigm of learning that never ends. The knowledge base and the machine learning results feed a multi-agent model divided into four layers. The text shows that such model was used for the creation and maintenance of objects of a server very well known on the Internet called IRR, avoiding human intervention and creating reliability, so far absent in this server. The success of the new implementation of the IRR was one of the motivations for the creation, expansion and improvement of an environment suitable for autonomous agents.
Physico-chemical analysis in ternary organic mixtures at various temperatures with an acoustical approach
Authors:   Post Graduate & Research Department of Physics (Ultrasonics/Bio Physics Divisions), The Principal, Thiru. Vi. Ka. Govt. Arts College, Nagai Main Road, Kidarankondan - Post, Thiruvarur - 610003, Tamilnadu, India, Nithiyanantham S. , Vanathi V. ,   Department of Physics, A.V.C. College of Engineering, Mayiladuthurai - 609309, Tamilnadu, India, Mullainathan S. ,   Post Graduate & Research Department of Physics (Ultrasonics/Bio Physics Divisions), The Principal, Thiru. Vi. Ka. Govt. Arts College, Nagai Main Road, Kidarankondan - Post, Thiruvarur - 610003, Tamilnadu, India, Mahalakshmi S. ,   Post Graduate & Research Department of Physics, Ethiraj College for Women, Chennai - 600008, Tamilnadu, India, Palaniappan L. ,   Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram - 602008, Tamilnadu, India
Published: June 2024

Thermo-dynamical analyses of organic mixtures are essential across industries. Ultrasonic sound velocity (U) measurements in the ternary organic mixtures of Toluene, Chloroform, and Cyclohexane have been conducted between 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K. The experimental/derived data were utilised to compute deviations for their excess values such as adiabatic compressibility (βE), free length (LfE), free volume (VfE), impedance (ZE), internal pressure (πiE) and enthalpy (HE) to investigate and confirm the types of interactions. Using these derived parameters, excess parameters were calculated to further reaffirm the type, strength, magnitude, and potential interactions such as complex formation, dipole-dipole, and dispersive types. Moreover, both ideal and non-ideal behaviours were analysed. The ultrasonic velocity data were validated against some contemporary and well-known models like Namoto’s relation (NR), Ideal mixture relation (IMR), Impedance dependence relation (IDR), Collision factor theory (CFT) and Nutch-Kunkies (NK) theorem. From the IMR and IDR are gives well approach to experimental one. And a comparative study of these models was conducted to ascertain the possible types of interactions within the mixtures through their molecular interaction parameter, percentage deviation, standard percentage error deviation.
A novel mutation in the transthyretin gene in amyloidosis: A cluster case report in Vietnam
Authors:   Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Ngoc Lan Thi ,   Clinical Laboratory, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Thu Anh ,   Vinmec International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai Street, Vinh Tuy Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vu Quy Van ,   Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vu Huyen Thi ,   Clinical Laboratory, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Dam Phuong Lan Thi ,   Biochemistry Department, 103 Military Hospital, 261 Phung Hung Street, Phuc La Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Duc Tuan ,   Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam,   Clinical Laboratory, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: June 2024

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a slowly progressive condition characterised by the abnormal accumulation of a protein called amyloid in the body’s organs and tissues. There are three main subtypes of amyloidosis (AL), including primary or AL, secondary or AA AL, and hereditary or familial AL. Hereditary AL, which is less common, is caused by an autosomal-dominant mutation, most frequently in the transthyretin (TTR) gene, and has a more favourable prognosis. We report the case of a 51-year-old Vietnamese male who presented with severe dizziness, fainting episodes, low BMI, slow heart rate, and a blood pressure of 60/40 mmHg. The patient had a history of diges-tive disorders, weakness, and pain in the legs even after disc spine surgery. All symptoms onset occurred at 43 years old. A pathogenic mutation in the TTR gene c.209G>T was confirmed in the patient and 7 out of 15 individuals in his extended family. This is the first case reported in Vietnam diagnosing a new variant of TTR causing typical AL. Based on this study, we conclude that the TTR variant c.209G>T is a pathogenic gene. This study also emphasises the need for increased knowledge regarding AL associated with this pathogenic variant. However, further extensive research is required to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of TTR in the future.
PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA PERKOTAAN BERBASIS KOMUNITAS : STUDI PADA KAMPUNG WISATA DIPOWINATAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dewanti Ida Susi , Soeprapto Adi
Published: June 2024

Urban tourism is growing today along with a shift in the behavior of tourists and the tourism industry that is more oriented to tourism destinations and create new experiences. The city of Yogyakarta as the tourist city destination have great potency visited many tourists every day. One of successful tourist village at Yogyakarta city is Dipowinatan tourist kampong. Dipowinatan tourist kampong managed to build itself into a tourist destination place, not only domestic tourists as the main market even international tourists.This study use qualitative approach. Interviews as the main instrument for data collection. Respondents of this research were managers of village tourism as a key informant, some residents, and the government represented by the tourism department of Yogyakarta. The results showed that urban tourism through the development of the tourism kampong has an opportunity in the future. Traveler more interested with natural travel and experienced the daily life of a society. One of the facing obstacle  is public participation. The public will be fully support when they feel that the existence of tourist kampong can bring financial benefits and improve their welfare or they played an important role. So the presence of the public supports tourism kampong self-reliant and sustainable.  Keywords: urban tourism, tourism kampong, community participation.
PEDOMAN BISNIS YANG ETIS DAN RELATIVISME MORAL
Authors: Hadi Lukmono
Published: June 2024

This article aims to describe, through the theoretical moral relativism is the importance of ethics in business can be understood by the fact that ethical businesses tend to make much more than the others. The reason for this that customers of businesses which follow ethics are loyal and satisfied with the services and product offerings of such businesses. In this perspective, ethics involves concept of right and wrong, fair and unfari, moral and immoral. Belief about what is ethical serve as a moral compass in guiding the actions and behaviors of individuals and organization. Ethical principles in business are not materially offerent from ethical principal in general. Key word: ethical, business, moral relativism.
CONDITION OF RARE PLANT SPECIES CENOPOPULATIONS: LILIUM CALLOSUM AND IRIS ENSATA IN THE VILLAGE OF POKROVKA VICINITY (KHABAROVSK TERRITORY)
Authors: Motorykina T.N.
Published: June 2024

The author provides the phytocenosis characteristics in the Lilium callosum and Iris ensata place of growth, as well as the data for each species on the number of individuals in the cenopopulation, frequency of occurrence, ontogenetic structure, and vitality. It is also provided morphometric parameters of individuals, in order to assess the species cenopopulation state. The author offers the measures for these rare plants protection.