bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ligand Based Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, and Molecular Docking Studies of Asymmetrical Hexahydro-2H-Indazole Analogs of Curcumin (AIACs) to Discover Novel Estrogen Receptors Alpha (ERα) Inhibitor
Authors: Hariyanti Hariyanti , Kurmardi Kusmadi , Yanuar Arry , Hayun Hayun
Published: February 2021

The estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays an important role in breast development and pro-proliferation signal activation in the normal and cancerous breast. The ERα inhibitors were potentially active as cytotoxic agents against breast cancer. This study was conducted in order to find Asymmetrical Hexahydro-2H-Indazole Analogs of Curcumin (AIACs) as hits of ERα inhibitor. A training set of 17 selected ERα inhibitors was used to create 10 pharmacophore models using LigandScout 4.2. The pharmacophore models were validated using 383 active compounds as positive data and 20674 decoys as negative data obtained from DUD.E. Model 2 was found as the best pharmacophore model and consisted of three types of pharmacophore features, viz. one hydrophobic, one hydrogen bond acceptor, and aromatic interactions. Model 2 was utilized for ligand-based virtual screening 186 of AIACs, AMACs, intermediates, and Mannich base derivative compounds. The hits obtained were further screened using molecular docking, analyzed using drug scan, and tested for its synthesis accessibility. Fourteen compounds were fulfilled as hits in pharmacophore modeling, in which 10 hits were selected by molecular docking, but only seven hits met Lipinski’s rule of five and had medium synthesis accessibility. In conclusion, seven compounds were suggested to be potentially active as ERα inhibitors and deserve to be synthesized and further investigated.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Study of Proton Exchange Polymer Membrane Properties of Sulfonated Copolymer Eugenol-diallyl Phthalate
Authors: Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa , Gunawan Gunawan , Kusworo Tutuk Djoko , Susanto Heru
Published: February 2021

Synthesis biopolymer of sulfonated copolymer eugenol-diallyl phthalate (PEGDAF), its characterization, and study of proton exchange polymer membrane properties had been done. This synthesis was conducted by eugenol and diallyl phthalate reaction to form PEGDAF, which is sulfonated using sulfuric acid. In addition, the functional groups of the PEGDAF and its sulfonated form were analyzed using FT-IR. Furthermore, the polymer properties were determined by measuring values of sulfonation degree, cation exchange capacity, proton conductivity, and water uptake. FT-IR spectra showed that the vinyl group had been added to the process of PEGDAF formation, while spectra deconvolution was used to confirm the occurrence of sulfonation reaction. The sulfonation of PEGDAF in 2 h optimum reaction time produces a black solid with a melting point of 133 °C in 16.55% yield. The highest proton conductivity, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and water uptake were 8.334 × 10–6 S cm–1, 0.44 meq/g, and 73.0%, respectively.
Determination of Eugenol in Personal-Care Products by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Followed by Spectrophotometry Using p-Amino-N,N-dimethylaniline as a Derivatizing Agent
Authors: Altahir Bahaa Malik , Abdulazeez Omar , Dikran Sarmad Bahjat , Taylor Keith Edward
Published: February 2021

Two simple methods for the determination of eugenol were developed. The first depends on the oxidative coupling of eugenol with p-amino-N,N-dimethylaniline (PADA) in the presence of K3[Fe(CN)6]. A linear regression calibration plot for eugenol was constructed at 600 nm, within a concentration range of 0.25-2.50 μg.mL–1 and a correlation coefficient (r) value of 0.9988. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.086 and 0.284 μg.mL–1, respectively. The second method is based on the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of the derivatized oxidative coupling product of eugenol with PADA. Under the optimized extraction procedure, the extracted colored product was determined spectrophotometrically at 618 nm. A linear plot within a concentration range of 0.05–1.65 μg.mL–1 (r = 0.9997) was constructed. The LOD and LOQ were 0.053 and 0.177 μg.mL–1, respectively. Both methods were tested for the analysis of eugenol in commercial personal-care products, and the results confirmed that the procedures are accurate, precise, and reproducible (RSD < 1%).
Phonology and Phonetics of L2 Telugu English
Authors: Pisegna Katerina , Volenec Veno
Published: February 2021

The paper provides a partial phonological and phonetic description of the segmental structure of L2 Telugu English (TE). Previous research on the subject has been carried out in the context of a more general notion of Indian English (IE), so the properties of TE as distinct from other varieties of IE (e.g., Gujarati English) have largely remained unexplored. We have primarily focused on areas that previous research identified as prominent issues in the study of IE: vowel inventory and production, representation and realization of liquids, word-final obstruent phenomena, and allophones of /w/. To account for these aspects of TE, we have combined a generative approach to the study of an individual’s linguistic competence with linguistic fieldwork as a means of collecting first-hand data. On the basis of collected data, we have conducted a spectrographic analysis of TE vowels and a distributional analysis of TE consonants. The paper provides the first description of the acoustic spaces of TE vowels. We found that all vowels except [?] and [i] are more central in TE than in General American English. /r/ was realized as either [r] or [?] without a specific pattern, and occasionally as [?] in the intervocalic position. /l/ was realized as [?] in word-final position and as [l] elsewhere. TE displayed word-final obstruent devoicing for all obstruents except for /b/, which was consistently unreleased. /w/ was realized as [?] before front vowels and as [w] elsewhere. While previous research that concentrated on the broad notion of Indian English recognized the issue of /w/-allophony, it has not provided a principle that governs the exact distribution of /w/’s allophones. By combining the generative framework with linguistic fieldwork, we have accounted for this long-standing puzzle with a single rule: /w/ ? [?] / __ [–CONS, –BACK].
Single Mothers by Choice: True Choice or Realistic Compromise?
Authors: Dor Asnat
Published: February 2021

This qualitative phenomenological study focuses on the process undergone by never-married Single Mothers by Choice (SMC) in their decision to raise a child on their own. The issue examined is whether the choice of this family structure reflects a social change or a personal compromise, a decision not to wait for a marriage partner. Semi-structured, in-depth, non-directive interviews were conducted. The findings reveal that SMC took the step as a compromise, having preferred to marry. While they are willing to compromise on family structure, SMC are not willing to compromise on a partner, nor are they willing to forego their intention to become mothers. Thus, marriage is still the most desired family structure for having children, but social change is manifested in the choice that women make to choose motherhood without a partner.
Об убранстве кибитки по материалам калмыцких деловых документов XVIII в.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Gedeeva Daria B.
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The monuments of Kalmyk business writing are valuable sources for studying the material culture of the Kalmyks. However, they remain out of the focus of ethnographers and the documented information is stored in the archives. In this regard, the research work on identifying and introducing valuable ethnographic material into scientific circulation is quite relevant. The goal of this article is to present the information from the Kalmyk business texts of the XVIII century. The article deals with the materials about the traditional decoration of the Kalmyk nomadic kibitka. The article describes such household items as wall and bed curtains, bed sheets, blanket, pillows, felt quilted carpets, chests. The official documents from the I-36 Fund of the National Archives of the Republic of Kalmykia namely the official letters and property registers are used as the materials for this article. Conclusions. Thus, the article for the first time introduces into scientific circulation the ethnographic material about the decoration of kibitka from the monuments of the Kalmyk business writing of the XVIII century. The material is valuable because it is obtained from sources in the Kalmyk language written by the representatives of nomadic culture themselves.
Текстуализация эпических текстов и формирование функциональных глав: текстологический анализ песни о воскрешении богатырей в монгольском «Гэсэре»
Authors:   Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Lan Yu , Seleeva Tsagan B.
Published: February 2021

The Mongolian “Geser” is an epic cycle consisting of many songs, which originally consisted of one or more chapters. In the process of forming the cycle, some chapters acquire structural and functional features that differ from traditional Mongolian epics, and these atypical features characterize the uniqueness of the process of formation and functioning of some chapters of the epic. One of these texts with atypical features in the structure, theme and plot is the chapter on the resurrection of the heroes of Gesar. In this article, on the basis of structural analysis, a comparative analysis of this chapter with the text of the Mongolian historical chronicle “Altan Tobchi” is given. It is assumed that the formation of an atypical structure of this chapter is focused on its unique function, that is, there is a transformation of the traditional functions of both the narrative and lyrical parts of this chapter. The narrative part has the discursive function of connecting other independent chapters and the logical function of connecting “Gesar” with the Mongolian heroic epic tradition, while the lyrical part reveals the independence and heroism of the plot, thereby allowing the simple plot to become an independent heroic epic chapter.
Личный архив калмыцкого писателя Л. О. Инджиева
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Topalova Delgir Yu.
Published: February 2021

The article provides an overview of the personal archive fund of the famous Kalmyk writer, talented poet, translator L. O. Indjiev. The analysis of the composition of archival documents, including diverse material (literary works, translations, office materials, letters, personal records and documents, etc.), allows us to trace the dynamics of the writer’s creative path, his writing and translation activities, and also fully reflects the significant contribution made by the fund educator to the preservation of the literary and spiritual-cultural heritage of the Kalmyk people. In addition, all blocks of archival documents allocated during scientific and technical processing make it possible to conclude about the literary and cultural significance of the fund, which serves as a source of little-known and unknown facts about the literary, cultural and social life of the second half of the twentieth century. Three unpublished works were found from unpublished materials in the writer’s personal fund: «Neryadlgn dunm» (‘Dedication Song’), «Avd uumyanya tsag» (‘Cruel Disturbing Time’), «Neg Mosyagch Avtsasn» (‘One of the Decisive Ways’).
Sampul Belakang 29 2 2011
Authors: Puspitasari Santi
Published: February 2021

Sampul Belakang 29 2 2011
GRAVISSIMUM EDUCATIONIS E OS DESAFIOS DA EDUCAÇÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Souza Ney De , Martins Marcel Alves
Published: February 2021

Aggiornamento e diálogo são duas chaves hermenêuticas importantes para se compreender o Concílio Vaticano II e o processo de abertura ao mundo contemporâneo que ele representa. Essas perspectivas nos ajudam a compreender a forma como os padres conciliares se abrem ao diálogo com diversas realidades humanas, inclusive a educação. O presente artigo apresenta, de forma sintética, o processo dialogal (e conflituoso) que o Concílio Vaticano II estabeleceu com o campo da educação, chegando à elaboração de uma declaração, a Gravissimum Educationis, sobre a educação cristã, assim como aponta para alguns dos principais pontos que permitem o estabelecimento desse diálogo. Por meio de um levantamento e análise bibliográficos, de fontes primárias, secundárias e comentadores especialistas no assunto, tem-se por objetivo evidenciar como a igreja, através do diálogo proposto e realizado (não sem tensões) na elaboração da declaração sobre a educação cristã, vai dialogar com os desafios da educação contemporânea.
ENTRE O REINO E GOVERNO: UMA EXISTÊNCIA PARA ALÉM DO DIREITO POSITIVO E DA PROPRIEDADE
Authors: Barsalini Glauco , Pfister Mariana
Published: February 2021

No âmbito do método genealógico, este artigo investiga o poder soberano moderno, bem como o estado de exceção que o constitui. Aponta para uma reflexão acerca das possibilidades de uma existência fora da esfera da propriedade e do direito positivo, a partir da compreensão sobre o uso e da ideia de forma-de-vida. Articulando conceitos próprios à teologia e à filosofia, com direta repercussão nos estudos sobre a teologia política e sobre a teologia econômica, apresenta, em um primeiro plano, as teses do pensador contemporâneo Giorgio Agamben referentes à tensão e, ao mesmo tempo, à complementariedade entre os conceitos de autoridade (auctoritas) e de poder (potestas), glória e glorificação, no que ele denomina por máquina governamental. Na sequência, debate a perspectiva agambeniana de desmontagem dos dispositivos atuais de governo no caminho da inoperosidade, ou da forma-de-vida, pelo que se revela a não necessidade da propriedade.
AFROTEONTOLOGIA: ESTUDO SOBRE DEUS SEGUNDO A COSMOPERCEPÇÃO DAS TRADIÇÕES DE MATRIZ AFRICANA
Authors: Silveira Hendrix , Bobsin Oneide
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo é fruto de nossos estudos sobre a afroteontologia, ou seja, estudo sobre Deus de acordo com a teologia das tradições de matriz africana, que temos chamado de afroteologia. Utilizamos como método a exunêutica, ou seja, nos valemos de uma epistemologia afrocentrada com interpretação que contempla a vivência nas comunidades tradicionais de terreiro. Este trabalho visa contribuir na construção de uma sistematização do conhecimento afroteológico no intuito de contribuir para a formação dos vivenciadores, subsidiando-os no combate ao racismo religioso, assim como fornecer informações para professores do Ensino Religioso e também para pesquisadores da área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia. Pudemos aqui construir uma visão de Deus nas tradições de matriz africana a partir de um estudo de fontes africanas e afro-brasileiras, além da tradição oral, principal meio de transmissão do conhecimento pelas comunidades tradicionais de terreiro.
TEOLOGIA E ESPACIALIDADE EM VÍTOR WESTHELLE: A RECUPERAÇÃO DA “DIMENSÃO PERDIDA NA TEOLOGIA”
Authors: Fuhrmann Samuel Reduss
Published: February 2021

Este artigo visa contribuir para o entendimento da teologia de Vítor Westhelle e apresentar uma abordagem complementar à teologia do brasileiro quanto à sua reflexão sobre espacialidade. Para isso, primeiramente, o artigo analisa as principais obras de Westhelle à luz da perda e da recuperação da dimensão espacial na teologia. Após analisar seu trabalho, o estudo traçará a trajetória de uma escola de “teologia do lugar” e mostrará como o argumento dessa escola poderia servir como uma abordagem complementar para recuperar a dimensão perdida na teologia.
SOBRE JUSTIÇA HUMANA E A JUSTIÇA DE DEUS: UMA REFLEXÃO EM DIÁLOGO COM O PENSAMENTO TEOLÓGICO DE VÍTOR WESTHELLE
Authors: Zwetsch Roberto Ervino
Published: February 2021

A teologia de Vítor Westhelle nos desafia a reler permanentemente a teologia de Lutero e da Reforma, mas claramente a partir da perspectiva das pessoas que sofrem e lutam por recuperar a dignidade de viver num mundo marcado por injustiças, desigualdades e violência. Seu livro O Deus escandaloso (2006) é um dos mais extraordinários textos que escreveu sobre a teologia da cruz do Reformador, traduzido e publicado no Brasil em 2008. Nele, temos uma reflexão contextualizada no tempo e no espaço sobre a dimensão crítica da teologia e da igreja cristãs, sem a qual a fé cristã ou se torna cínica ou cai num vazio que a desfigura irremediavelmente. Neste artigo retomo um tópico do livro de Westhelle que trata da questão da justiça humana e da justiça de Deus, como tema atual e relevante para elaborarmos uma teologia de olhos abertos para o sofrimento humano, com os pés bem situados no chão da realidade ambígua e violenta em que vivemos, sem perder a dimensão do amor compassivo que liberta e traz alegria para as tribulações da nossa existência.
Lennon y McCartney. Una amistad creativa.
Authors: Castañeda Meneses Patricia Lorena , Salamé Coulon Ana María
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el proceso de composición de la dupla Lennon McCartney durante el período 1962-1970, desde la perspectiva conceptual de la amistad creativa. Se identifican sus modalidades creativas, las que corresponden a creación plenamente integrada, creación suplementaria, creación complementaria y autonomía relativa. El legado de una amistad que desplegó una fuerza creativa colaborativa y altamente intuitiva es reconocible desde la innovadora trayectoria que desarrollaron, construyendo nuevas realidades musicales, artísticas y estéticas que contribuyeron en la conformación de los actuales contextos culturales contemporáneos.
Entre la liberación y la normalización. Representación de la disidencia sexual en Faustrecht der Freiheit de Rainer Werner Fassbinder
Authors: Rubino Atilio Raúl
Published: February 2021

Este artículo aborda el problema de la representación de la disidencia sexual en los años setenta, a partir de una película de Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Faustrecht der Freiheit. En el seno de los años setenta post-Stonewall y contemporáneo a los movimientos de liberación gay-lésbica, el cine de Fassbinder refleja las tensiones propias de la época, entre la visibilización y la discreción, la conquista de derechos y la pérdida de libertades. El análisis de esta película permite ver cómo los debates que marcarían la emergencia de los movimientos queer de los noventa ya estaban presentes desde la década del setenta.
- dosmilveinte / veinteveinte -
Authors: Venegas Romero Pablo
Published: February 2021

En este escenario complejo para muchos, la lectura, la investigación, las ideas, la ciencia y las artes, siguen siendo el motor de esperanza de la humanidad, pues miran el pasado y las circunstancias que permiten aclarar o descifrar la incógnita del presente; muchos en su dimensión además nos transportan a contextos distintos con el ánimo de continuar en aquello que denominábamos como cotidianidad; escribir y leer sigue siendo una actividad de gozo, y fundamentalmente prometedora. Como tal, la investigación artística prosigue su actividad a lo largo del orbe y con fuerza, como una práctica que fortalece la idea de que la investigación no es sólo aquella que imaginamos en un laboratorio, propio de la biología, de la medicina o de la química, también y siempre como un modo de mirar lo que acontece, libre y creativamente, de mirar nuestro entorno a través de indagaciones que apelan además a las emociones y los afectos.Como colofón del proceso editorial, pero inicio de la publicación es para nosotros un honor que el Colectivo LASTESIS se haga parte de nuestra revista, exponiendo su trabajo en el inciso. Su obra, que manifiesta más que palabras y acciones, es un reflejo de la búsqueda por la igualdad y por avanzar a una sociedad más justa, dando al feminismo el espacio que la historia le ha quitado, pero que se hace presente hoy detrás de un trabajo considerado como de lo más influyente de los últimos años y consignado el 2020.
برنامج الطلاقة بالعربية ستين يومابدار اللغة العربية
Authors: Fitriani Intan , Ninoersy Tarmizi , Mubshirah Dara
Published: February 2021

Darul Lughah Al Arabiyah is an institution focused on language training and language proficiency development. Darul Lughah Al Arabiyah offers many programs, one of which is a 60-day program fluent in Arabic. The 60-day fluent Arabic program is an intensive program in four or six hours of study per day from the first book to the third of the al-arabiyah baina yadaik books. The purpose of this research is to find out the learning process of the 60-day program fluently speaking Arabic. The research method used is a descriptive method. The data and information for this study was collected by interviewing with the director and teacher at Darul Lughah Al Arabiyah, then with live observation data during the learning process, finally by looking at the documents. And the results of this study, that the 60-day program fluently speaks Arabic using direct methods and its learning focuses on language training and development, and requirements when the arabic language learning process is done well and in accordance with the criteria of arabic language learning.
في قراءة الكلمة العربية لدى الأطفال 10 سنوات (fonologis) تحليل الأخطاء الفنولوجية
Authors: Nada Qatrun , Hasyim Syarifuddin , Hayati Salma
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze phonological errors by children in the Arabic vocabulary reading. This study involved five children at the age of ten years old as the subjects. The content-analysis method was used to analyze the vocabularies fromprepared recording. Futhermore, the data were analyzed by using the triangulation theory from Miles and Huberman. The results informed that the phonological errors generally occur on several hijaiyah pronunciation such as ث، ح، خ، ذ، ز، ص، ض، ط، ظ، ع، غ، ق.
باستخدام المدخل الإنساني لتشجيع الطلاب في تعليم الّلغة العربيّة HOTS نظرية التعلم
Authors: Nasir Amin , Akmal M Sarofuddin
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Penerapan Teori Belajar HOTS dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Humanistic dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara Bagi Siswa dan untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat Penerapan HOTS dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Humanistic dalam Pembelajaran Baاasa Arab Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara Bagi Siswa Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian lapangan dan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sebagai metode untuk mengetahui fenomena dan menganalisis data yang ada. Peneliti juga menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Peneliti melaksanakan validasi data melalui teknik memperpanjang observasi, meningkatkan ketekunan dan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa menerapkan teori belajar HOTS dengan pendekatan Humanistic dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab untuk meningkatkan keberanian berbicara sangat dibutuhkan siswa, karena sesungguhnya pembelajaran basa Arab yang efektif tentu seorang guru harus membiasakan berpikir kritis kepada siswa. Oleh karena itu langkah-langkah pengajaran bahasa arab agar dapat menarik minat untuk berpikir kritisi meliputi menulis tujuan pendidikan yang berlangsung pada hari ini, mengarahkan tujuan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, membahas masalah. Adapun faktor pendukung dalam mengimplementasikan teori belajar HOTS ini adalah adanya semangat dan minat peserta didik yang sangat tinggi, berbagai media yang menarik, dan adanya kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yang dapat mengembangkan pemikiran peserta didik. Sementara faktor penghambat implementasi HOTS ini adalah ramainya siswa dan kurangnya semangat dalam proses pembelajaran.
تأثير استخدام الوسائل التعليمية في تعليم اللغة العربية
Authors: Mukarrami Nur Fadhillah , Qusaiyen Qusaiyen , Hayati Salma
Published: February 2021

The background of this meta-analysis is because there are still many teachers and lecturers who have not used or developed learning media especially for Arabic education. So it is necessary to analyze the articles from the results of previous studies to be able to understand the right media for learning Arabic. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) Types of research related to Arabic learning media and their effects; (2) Effect size of Arabic learning media based on education level / level; (3) Effect size of Arabic learning media by year; (4) Effect size of Arabic learning media based on the material used as learning content; (5) Effect size of Arabic learning media based on the type of media. The method used in this study is meta-analysis with the formula of (Glass, 1981). The population in this study is 30 research articles related to the discussion of this study. The research sample is 17 research articles. The results showed that: (1) The type of research related to Arabic learning media include R&D (2,38) included in the effect size category with a high influence; (2) Effect size of Arabic learning media based on the best education level, namely at Junior High School (1.95), (3) Effect size of Arabic learning media based on the best year around 2015-2017 (4.49), (4) Effect size of Arabic learning media based on the best material on dhamir (3.95), (5) Effect size of Arabic learning media based on the best type of media that is on the computer (3.95).
تحليل تطبيق طريقة التعلم التعاوني في تعليم مهارة القراءة لرسائل الطلبة بقسم تعليم اللغة العربية سنة ۲۰۱۷-۲۰۱۹
Authors: Ananda Ribqa , Ninoersy Tarmizi , Fajriah Fajriah
Published: February 2021

To achieve the learning objective teacher use various methods in learning. One of wich is a group learning method. The purpose of this study is to determine the effevtivenes of the application of group learning method in learning reading skill and to determine students responses to the application of group learning method in learning reading skill. The method used in this research is the analysis method with a content analysis model. Researcher analyzed the thesis of Arabic Language Education Students relating to the application of group learning method in reading skill. The method used to collect data is the document method. The result of this study explain that applying the group learning method to reading skill is effective in increasing student ability to read. And student responses to the application of group learning method in learning reading skill are very good for increasing student motivation in learning and increasing student activity in teaching and learning. And makes it easier for student to understand the content of the subject.
صعوبات الطلبة في الترجمة من اللغة العربية إلى اللغة الإندونيسية
Authors: Al Farisi Salman , Syahminan Syahminan , Fadhilah Fadhilah
Published: February 2021

Translation is an important part of students in learning Arabic, because it will help them in the learning process. But most of them face difficulties when trying to translate reading texts from Arabic to Indonesian. Difficulties of students in translation will hinder the way of achieve a goal of learning. The purpose of this study is to determine the difficulties of students in translating Arabic to Indonesian. The results of this study indicate that the difficulties faced by students include the form of translation difficulties themselves in the form of difficulties in choosing the meaning, form, and rules. And also includes several factors in the form of linguistic, non-linguistic, internal, and external factors.
MTsN 2 Aceh Selatan محاولة المدرّس لحل المشكلات في تدريس اللغة العربية بــــ
Authors: Radhiani Sri Mulya , Hasyim Syarifuddin , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to find out the efforts of Arabic language teachers to overcome the difficulties of learning  Arabic. The research method used is descriptive analysis. The data collection techniques used is interview Arabic language teacher. The data analysis techniques in this study use the theory of Miles and Hubberman including : Data Collection, Data Reduction, Data Display, and conclution. The efforts of Arabic language teachers to overcome the difficulties Arabic learning at MTsN 2 Aceh Selatan are The teacher give motivation to students to increase enthusias and interes students, Multiplying textbooks in the library so that students can borrow to facilitate the learning process, giving vocabularies to memorize making it easier for students to understand the material, Using media, and also use other methods in the process of learning Arabic.
carga académica de estudiantes de una Facultad de Administración y Economía (Chile). Un aporte a la gestión de docencia universitaria
Authors: Bernal Peralta Jorge , González Erber Daniela , Sandoval Yáñez Cristián
Published: February 2021

La presente investigación, estudia el trabajo académico de estudiantes universitarios que cursaron las asignaturas de diseño y emprendimiento en una Facultad de Administración y Economía (Chile). Se trabajó con una metodología cuantitativa, con la técnica de recolección de bitácora, en donde los estudiantes iban registrando la carga académica, el cual fue analizado inferencialmente mediante el uso de clusters. Los resultados visibilizan el volumen de carga académica y rescatan insumos para su organización y estimación de créditos. Conocerlos, permite mejoras macro y micro-curricular en cuanto a la enseñanza del diseño y emprendimiento en las universidades, y, a la vez, abrir debates en torno al volumen de trabajo que permitan mejorar la gestión de docencia universitaria.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA RELIGIOSITAS DENGAN PERILAKU PROSOSIAL REMAJA DI PANTI ASUHAN YATIM PUTRI â€˜AISYIYAH KARANGANYAR
Authors: Khoeriyah Najikhatul , Harahap Lukman
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara religiositas dengan perilaku prososial remaja di Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri â€˜Aisyiyah Karanganyar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode penelitian korelasional, dengan variabel bebas religiositas dan variabel terikat perilaku prososial. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala likert. Skala religiositas memiliki reliabilitas sebesar 0,886 dan skala perilaku prososial memiliki reliabilitas 0,894. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien korelasi religiositas dengan perilaku prososial sebesar 0,715 dengan Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 (p kurang dari 0,05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara religiositas dengan perilaku prososial.
BIMBINGAN ISLAMI UNTUK MENANGANI TRAUMA KORBAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DI ALIANSI PEDULI PEREMPUAN SUKOWATI SRAGEN
Authors: Saputri Nuriyan Dwi , Khairi Alfin Miftahul
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pemberian treatmen bimbingan islami pada korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang didampingi oleh APPS Sragen ketika menghadapi berbagai pengalaman kehidupan rumah tangga yang tidak menyenangkan sampai mereka mampu bangkit menjadi pribadi yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan maksut untuk memotret fenomena individual, situasi, atau kelompok tertentu yang terjadi dan menghasilkan data dan berupa kata-kata. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara,dan dokumentasi.
KONSEP NARIMA ING PANDUM DALAM PENERIMAAN DIRI LANSIA JAWA
Authors: Putri Lintang Seira
Published: February 2021

The concept of narima ing pandum is a self-acceptance form of the elderly people in the context of Javanese culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the concept of narima ing pandum in the form of meaning and aspects in Javanese elderly peopleâ€™s self-acceptance. This qualitative research uses a phenomenological approach by collecting data through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. The results of this study indicate that self-acceptance in Javanese society is represented in the concept of narimo ing pandum. Narimo ing pandum in the context of Javanese elderly people is a condition of accepting whatever has been given by God, regardless of the condition and regardless of the amount efforts the individual has tried according to his/her ability level. The aspects which make up the concept of narimo ing pandum include gratitude, ora ngoyo/ngongso, and simplicity. Elderly people who has an attitude of self-acceptance or have an attitude of narimo ing pandum will have a sense of calm or ayem in living their life.
ANALISIS POLA PERILAKU PACARAN PADA REMAJA
Authors: Sirojammuniro Anitsnaini
Published: February 2021

Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. A prominent feature of adolescents in adolescent development is the existence of feelings to love and be loved by others. The capacity to give to one another is equally important to receive love that is generally expressed by dating. The purpose of this study is to describe adolescent courtship behavior, influencing factors, and dating behavior patterns in adolescents. The method used in this research is exploratory qualitative with a data collection tool in the form of an open questionnaire and diary monitoring. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Based on research results found that adolescent dating behavior is divided into two categories, namely dating behavior when with friends and dating behavior when together. Based on the results of the study found that dating in adolescents is still in the category of healthy dating. However, dating behavior in adolescents falls into the category of risky dating behavior. Dating status and never dating affect dating behavior. Factors that influence dating behavior in adolescents include internal factors, friend factors, family factors, and also permissive attitude factors. Adolescent dating patterns of behavior starts from the process of introduction, the process of approach, the process of fall in love, the process of expressing love, the process of going out dating, the process of problem arising, the process of problem solving, and the process of decision making for the continuation of relationships. adolescents tend to do emotion focus coping before solving problems. There are differences in problem solving between adolescent girls and boys.
Analisis SWOT Terhadap Strategi Pemasaran Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Sentra Industri Gitar dalam Menghadapi Covid-19
Authors: Sekti Wahyu Broto , Armayana Rendra
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this research is to find the factors about the strength, weakness, opportunity, and treath of guitar industry centre UMKM Mancasan Village as well as knowing marketing strategies by used marketing mix involve 4P (Product, Price, Promotion, and Place). These papers used research methods of descriptive kualitative with analytical data technique used SWOT analysis. SWOT Analysis is done by identifying and analyzing the internal and external factors that influence the basic component of the guitar industry centre UMKM Mancasan Village. Guitars industry center UMKM Mancasan Village has'nt been maximal in implementing the marketing mix 4P accompanied by analysis SWOT. So that their application needs to be enhanced the marketing of industry centre UMKM Mancasan Village has been maximal.
Strategi Orang Tua Dalam Pendampingan Belajar Anak Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rahmania Shokhib , Wijayanti Retno , Hakim Shiddiq Luqman
Published: February 2021

Parental assistance often influences the role of children to maintain good habits. Assistance that is not optimal allows children to freely do bad things to themselves and others. This study aims to determine how parents can assist their children in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The method for data collection is interviews. The research sample consisted of parents of students at SD Islam Terpadu Taqiyya Rosyida Surakarta. In selecting the subject, the researcher took 3-5 respondents who were taken randomly. The results of the study identified that there is a lack of parents who do not pay much attention to their children's learning assistance by leaving it to their grandparents, uncle or aunt, or to their wives only. How to accompany learning with the method of games, storytelling, and assignments as well as supervision while learning.
Analisis Kesiapan Guru Dalam Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Saat Covid-19
Authors: Sidqi Nasya Auliarahma , Auliya Pipin
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the readiness of elementary school teachers in facing distance learning. This study is motivated by the importance of primary school teacher readiness for distance learning. This can be seen from three aspects, namely: 1) teachers' understanding of distance learning; 2) the ability of teachers to apply media to meet distance learning; 3) supporting factors and constraints in implementing study from home or distance learning. This research uses a qualitative approach, through interviews, observation and documentation. The subjects of this research are educators in Kartasura who carry out Distance Learning. Then the validity of the research was carried out through member cheking. The results showed that the teachers' understanding of distance learning and the application of learning had been done well by the teachers. Although there are many obstacles in using technology and learning media. This condition requires teachers to increase confidence and work ethic in all circumstances. In the scientific discipline this research provides information about the existence of various obstacles in the implementation of PJJ. One of them is seeing the readiness of educators.
Facemasks and COVID-19 case fatality rate
Authors: Fögen Zacharias
Published: February 2021

Mask mandates have been a globally used epidemiologic intervention
during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, above all based on the assumption
of reduced infection rates. Although there is now much evidence for the
latter, the effect of facemasks on the individual and its course of
disease has remained controversial. While there are concepts suggesting
a protective effect and a better outcome for the individual, public
opinion has placed concepts with opposite outcomes in the vicinity of
conspiracy theories.

However, here I show that counties with mask mandates in Kansas during
the summer of 2020 had significantly higher case fatality rates compared
to Kansas counties without mask mandates, with a risk ratio of 1.85 for
death with COVID-19.

Even after adjusting for the number of ‘protected persons’, i.e. the
number of persons who were not infected in the mask-mandated
group compared to the no-mask group, the risk ratio remains highly
significant at 1.52.

Over 95% of this effect can solely be attributed to COVID-19.

Why this happens and the possible connection between long-term effects
associated with SARS-CoV-2 and facemasks are explained in theory herein
by the ‘foegen effect’, which describes the deep reinhalation of pure
virions that were caught in the facemasks as droplets.
ASYMPTOMATIC SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION IN CHILDREN
Authors: Andjelkovic Andjelka Stojkovic , Dajic Katerina , Kostic Andrijana , Folic Nevena , Radovanovic Marija , Medovic Rasa
Published: February 2021

The aim was to determine hematological and biochemical changes in
children who are carriers of SARS-CoV-2. Unlike H1N1 influenza-like
illness the predictive factors of SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic children
(carriers of SARS-CoV-2) are distinctive ratio between lymphocytes and
monocytes more than 2, with occasional eosinophila, and a dicrease in
erythrocyte indices (MCH and MCV), and a rapid and strong increase in
serum LDH value. The predictive factors are, presumably, useful for fast
and cheap triage of children “from contact” until a PCR test result
for SARS-CoV-2 arrives.
Is endogenous carboxyhemoglobin level a useful biomarker of clinical course and prognosis in COVID-19 patients?
Authors: Kerget Buğra , Kerget Ferhan , Koçak Abdullah Osman , Akbaş İlker , Araz Ömer , Ucar Elif Yilmazel , Akgun Metin
Published: February 2021

Objective: SARS-CoV-2 has caused nearly 4 million confirmed cases of
COVID-19 worldwide in the approximately 4 months since it emerged in
Wuhan, China in December 2019. Comorbidities increase morbidity and
mortality in COVID-19, and many laboratory parameters have been
associated with mortality. The aim of the present study was to identify
the relationship between endogenous carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level and
the clinical course and prognosis of COVID-19. Methods: The study
included 48 non-smokers or ex-smokers aged 18 years or older who
presented to the emergency department, were diagnosed with COVID-19 by
real-time PCR analysis of nasopharyngeal swab sample, and were treated
in the pulmonary diseases ward of the Atatürk University hospital after
between March 24, 2020 and April 15, 2020. The patients’ laboratory
parameters and demographic data were analyzed retrospectively. Results:
Prothrombin time and C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin-I, and D-dimer
levels decreased in COVID-19 patients during follow-up (p=0.024,
p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.001), while PaO2/FiO2 ratio and COHb increased
(p=0.002, p=0.001). COHb level at admission was significantly lower in
patients who developed macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and those who died compared to the
other patients (p=0.002, p=0.001). COHb level on day 5 of treatment was
significantly higher in patients with ARDS and patients who died
(p=0.001, p=0.001).Significant correlations were detected between COHb
level and CRP (r=-0.425, p=0.001), ferritin (r=-0.395, p=0.001) and
PaO2/FiO2 ratio (r=0.431, p=0.001). Conclusions: COHb level may be an
easily accessible biomarker that guides early follow-up and treatment
planning to avoid ARDS, MAS, and mortality in COVID-19.
Investigation the levels of endotoxin and 8-OHdG in sera of patients with H.pyloripositive peptic ulcer
Authors: Bayraktar Nihayet , Guler İslim , Koyuncu Ismail , Bayraktar Mehmet
Published: February 2021

Background and aim: Peptic ulcer is considered an important public
health problem and generally associated with complicated conditions such
as bleeding and perforation. The aim of this study is to reflect the
rate of oxidative damage in the body among patients with H. pylori
positive peptic ulcer by measuring serum 8-hydroxy-2p-deoxyguanosine
(8-OHdG) and its association with the level of bacterial endotoxin.
Methods Patients applied to Harran University Gastroenterology
Outpatient Clinic with dyspeptic complaints were enrolled in this study.
According to gastrointestinal endoscopy findings, 43 patients with
H.pylori positive peptiv ulcer patients and 43 healthy volunteers were
included in this study. H.pylori diagnosis was detemined by H.pylori
urea breath and stool antigen tests. Serum 8-OHdG and endotoxins were
measued by ELISA. Results A total of 43 patients with peptic ulcer (13
females 30 males), 43 healthy individuals (16 females 27 males) ages
(18- 70) years in the study. In biopsies taken endoscopically; Hp
severity was mild in 19 patients (43.9%), moderate in 21 patients
(48.5%), and severe in 3 patients (7.6%). 8-OHdG which has the
potential to mark DNA damage level in serum samples of patients with
H.pylori positive peptic ulcer, was compared with the healthy and
patient group. It was observed that there was a statistically
significant difference (p <0.01). In addition, a weak
correlation was found between OHdG and endotoxin. Conclusion: Reactive
oxygen species (ROS) produced due to increased endotoxin as a result of
H. pylıori infection can attack nucleic acid in infected cells resulting
in an increased in serum 8-OHdG level. H.pylori and its endotoxin had a
significant in peptic ulcer pathogensis.
Prognostic value of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ulloque-Badaracco Juan R. , Salas-Tello Ivan , Al-kassab-Cordova Ali , Alarcon-Braga Esteban A. , Benites-Zapata Vicente , Maguiña Jorge , Hernandez Adrian V.
Published: February 2021

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an accessible and
widely used biomarker. NLR may be used as an early marker of poor
prognosis in patients with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a systematic
review and meta-analysis. Observational studies that reported the
association between baseline NLR values (i.e. at hospital admission) and
severity or all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients were included. The
quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale
(NOS). Random effects models and inverse variance method were used for
meta-analyses. The effects were expressed as odds ratios (OR) and their
95% confidence intervals (CI). Small study effects were assessed with
the Egger’s test. Results: Twenty studies, 19 cohorts and one
case-control were included. An increase of one unit of NLR was
associated with a higher odds of COVID-19 severity (OR 6.6, 95% CI:
4.71 - 7.19; p<0.001) and higher odds of all-cause mortality
(OR 12.7, 95% CI: 1.32, 123.36; p=0.025). No differences were found in
subgroup analyses by study design. The subgroup analysis of the studies,
by country of origin, showed that the strength of the association
between NLR and mortality was greater in Chinese studies (OR 31.1;
95%CI 19.57 to 49.3; p<0.0001) with moderate heterogeneity
(I2 =43%). In our sensitivity analysis, we found that 7 studies with
low risk of bias maintained strong association between both outcomes and
the NLR values (severity: OR 4.7; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.34; p <
0.001 vs mortality: OR 31.1; 95% CI 19.57 to 49.3; p
<0.0001), with low (I2 = 37%) and moderate (I2 = 43%)
heterogeneity for severity and mortality outcomes, respectively. No
publication bias was found for studies that evaluated effects for the
severity of disease. Conclusions: Higher values of NLR were associated
with severity and all-cause mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Delayed pericardial effusion after left atrial appendage closure with the LAmbre device: importance of a fully open umbrella
Authors: Xiao Fangyi , chen yanyan , chen yi he , Zhou Xiaodong , Wu Xinlei , chen xiao , Wang Liangguo , Fang Ying , Su Lan , huang weijian
Published: February 2021

Introduction: We aimed to investigate whether a modified implantation
method facilitating a fully open umbrella can reduce the pericardial
effusion/pericardial tamponade (PE/PT) rate after left atrial appendage
closure (LAAC) with the LAmbre device compared with the conventional
method (CM) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).
Methods and results: Patients with NVAF who received either isolated
LAAC or combined catheter ablation and LAAC using the LAmbre device at
the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January
2018 to December 2019 were enrolled. CM was used for device implantation
in the initial 59 patients, while a modified method (MM) was used in the
remaining 165 patients. Successful implantation was achieved in 98.3%
of patients in the CM group and in 98.8% in the MM group. A higher rate
of a fully open umbrella (98.8% vs 69%, P<0.001), less
requirement for recapture (46% vs 62.1%, P=0.036), and a lower
incidence of delayed PE/PT (1.2% vs 8.6%, P=0.005) were found in the
MM group compared with in the CM group. All of the five delayed PT
events occurred in patients with combined treatment. An umbrella that
was not fully open was the only factor associated with delayed PE/PT
events in a multivariable Cox model. Conclusions: LAAC with the LAmbre
device using an MM significantly increases the rate of a fully open
umbrella and decreases the requirement for recapture and the incidence
of delayed PE/PT. This method is more effective in patients with
combined treatment.