bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fighting human hubris: Intelligence in nonhuman animals and artefacts
Authors: Hoffmann Christian Hugo
Published: May 2023

100 years ago, the editors of the Journal of Educational Psychology conducted one of the most famous studies of experts’ conceptions of human intelligence. This was reason enough to prompt the question where we stand today with making sense of “intelligence”. In this paper, we argue that we should overcome our anthropocentrism and appreciate the wonders of intelligence in nonhuman and nonbiological animals instead. For that reason, we study two cases of octopus intelligence and intelligence in machine learning systems to embrace the notion of intelligence as a non-unitary faculty with pluralistic forms. Furthermore, we derive lessons for advancing our human self-understanding.
Some ideas about democracy and the importance of education in the work of T. G. Masaryk
Authors: Foltin Martin
Published: May 2023

The main aim of the paper is to analyse T. G Masaryk’s ideas about the importance of education in democratic systems. In particular, the study analyses the ideas that Masaryk associates directly or indirectly with the nature of democracy or with the improvement of the democratic system through changes in the education system. The first part of the paper traces the basic aspects of democratic systems in his work that immediately condition ideas about the importance and role of education in democratic systems. The second part analyses the importance of education in the reproduction of national values, the role of the arts and humanities in the formation of the “democratic man”, and the significance of education of broad social strata and political authorities in democratic systems.
Svätopluk Štúr’s criticism of Nietzsche’s vitalism
Authors: Cantrell Brice D.
Published: May 2023

Svätopluk Štúr is a strong critic of strands of German thought that emphasize the will to power as an organizing principle of human society. Štúr is particularly critical of Nietzsche’s vitalism, which Štúr believes culminated in national socialism and the destruction of the Second World War. This paper describes and examines Štúr’s criticism of a number of German thinkers and focuses especially on Štúr’s criticism of Nietzsche. Štúr criticizes Nietzsche’s emphasis on life over knowledge. Štúr offers a different philosophy of life grounded in the dignity of human beings and the social consequences of ideas and actions. This paper concludes by examining what Štúr means by dignity in terms of a moral agent and as opposed to Nietzsche’s emphasis on vitalism.
The ethos of the fire service in the context of postmodern changes
Authors: Bochenek Krzysztof
Published: May 2023

Professional involvement and the moral life of individuals and professional groups, especially those with high social prestige, such as firefighters, are linked by the category of “ethos”. Since the ethos of this service is today significantly influenced by multifaceted and dynamic ideological and existential transformations, it seems necessary to analyse the nature of this impact. Therefore, it seems that postmodernity brings with it ideological tendencies, which, by destroying the traditional preferences established so far, do not propose anything in their place. These include, among others: the crisis of personal and community identity, secularisation processes, the “axiology” of consumerism that is clearly being shaped nowadays, the depreciation of the meaning of work, and, finally, irrationalism and the crisis of the meaning of life.
TUBERCULOSE: PRINCIPAIS FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO ABANDONO DO TRATAMENTO
Authors: Bezerra Thiago de Matos , Matos Cintia Chagas
Published: May 2023

O abandono do tratamento de tuberculose é uma questão relevante e preocupante na saúde pública mundial. Mediante uma revisão integrativa, esse estudo busca identificar os possíveis fatores que levam ao abandono do tratamento. Foi realizada pesquisa em estudos indexados nas bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), no período de 2017 a 2021, utilizando-se os seguintes descritores (DeCS): tuberculose, agente antituberculose e tuberculose pulmonar. Ao fim, foram selecionados onze estudos, publicados nos idiomas português, espanhol e inglês. Os resultados mostraram que o abandono está relacionado a fatores de diversas esferas, com destaque para as esferas social, da saúde e a do próprio tratamento. Como perfil das pessoas dos casos de abandono, em geral, observou-se que elas são economicamente ativas, com faixa etária entre 15 e 49 anos, possuem baixa escolaridade, baixa renda e é comum que os usos abusivos de álcool e drogas sejam apresentados como comorbidades relevantes. Portanto, o trabalho evidenciou os principais fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento de tuberculose e a importância da participação de diferentes atores como forças que somarão para diminuir a ocorrência do problema em questão.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A PRIVAÇÃO DO SONO E A DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Tourinho Fillipe Silva , Da Silva Gabriel Vinícius Rodrigues , Bologna Giovanni Tessarine Barbosa , Almeida Breno Casellatto Rodrigues , Andrade João Pedro Gontijo , Toledo Samuel Lopes , Soares Evelise Aline , Duarte Gema Galgani de Mesquita
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A privação de sono participa de diversos processos neuropatológicos, inclusive na fisiopatologia da Doença de Alzheimer, demência progressiva e multifatorial com morbimortalidade crescente. Ademais, figura como um importante fator de risco modificável da mesma. Portanto, buscou-se analisar a produção científica relevante ao tema e averiguar essa correlação. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura com artigos publicados entre os anos de 2017 e 2022 nas bases de dados PubMed e SCOPUS. Resultados: 13 artigos analisados, correspondentes a 87% da amostra, verificaram correlação entre a privação do sono e a algum elemento da fisiopatologia da Doença de Alzheimer, especialmente pelo acúmulo de placas extracelulares de β-amilóide e sua má depuração pelo sistema glinfático. Conclusão: A privação do sono possui forte papel nos processos neurodegenerativos, inclusive na Doença de Alzheimer. Estratégias de promoção de sono com boa duração e qualidade são necessárias e abrem novas perspectivas de medidas preventivas e efetivação de terapias modificadoras da doença, sendo necessários estudos com maiores populações e duração para a melhor compreensão dessa relação.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM NA DEPRESSÃO PÓS-PARTO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Frasão Carla Caroline Oliveira , Bussinguer Pamela Rioli Rios
Published: May 2023

A depressão pós-parto (DPP) é considerada uma doença que surge em mulheres no período puerperal que pode apresentar em sua causa uma diversidade de fatores que pode ter consequências de anormalidades na saúde mental e física daí a importância da Assistência em enfermagem trazendo educação em saúde, consulta em enfermagem e promoção do bem estar e qualidade de vida. O objetivo do trabalho foi descrever como é realizada a assistência de enfermagem na depressão pós-parto. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As bases de dados utilizadas foram: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO) e Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) através dos descritores em saúde: cuidados de enfermagem, depressão pós-parto, assistência ao pré-natal, patologias, saúde da mulher, fatores de risco, período puerperal equipe multifuncional. Os resultados apontaram que os profissionais de enfermagem devem elaborar planos de prevenção, cuidado nas consultas para se atentar e estiver apto a perceber quando há algo de errado com aquela mãe. O enfermeiro deve ter o conhecimento acerca da etiologia e os sinais associados a DPP, para tomar medidas preventivas contra a doença.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA PSICANÁLISE NO MANEJO DE CRIANÇAS COM TRANSTORNOS DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA
Authors: Araújo Eldia dos Santos , De Sousa Laís Vitorino , Costa Brunna Hellen Saraiva , Padilha Rafael Santos de Araújo , Gomes Ícaro Caio Pereira , Dantas Eduard Dutra , Sousa Danilo Marques Aureliano , Dias Karla Giovanna Costa , Pereira Camila de Alencar
Published: May 2023

Em todo o mundo, as pessoas com Transtorno do Espectro Autista são discriminadas e têm seus direitos violados. Estima-se que uma em cada 160 crianças possuem o distúrbio e os estudos indicam o aumento globalizado da prevalência do Espectro. A psicanálise é conhecida por ser uma clínica do sujeito, e em crianças com TEA, se coloca no lugar de respeito ao jeito de ser de cada indivíduo, independentemente de sua patologia. As intervenções psicossociais com base nas teorias psicanalíticas são uma forma de reduzir as angústias vividas pelo sujeito, às dificuldades de comunicação e convívio social, melhorando a qualidade de vida. Desse modo, a presente pesquisa buscou compreender como a técnica psicanalítica pode contribuir no manejo de crianças com TEA. Para isto foi realizado um estudo de caráter descritivo e qualitativo com 12 psicanalistas que atendem crianças com o espectro. As entrevistas e dados sociodemográficos foram analisados com auxílio do IRAMUTEQ e do SPSS 21.0, respectivamente. Após a análise, as palavras puderam ser agrupadas em dois grandes eixos. O primeiro caracterizando o processo de evolução, onde a importância da família é ponto chave, e o segundo, relacionado ao lugar do psicanalista na direção da análise, caracterizando as especificidades do tratamento, do manejo e linguagem desta demanda. Pode-se perceber que as entrevistas explanaram as vivências da prática clínica, além de um tratamento possível e que mostra resultados no atendimento psicanalítico de crianças diagnosticadas ou em processo de diagnóstico do TEA.
RECOMENDAÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS DE BOAS PRÁTICAS PARA O CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM AO IDOSO EM TRATAMENTO HEMODIALÍTICO
Authors: Schwanke Alessandra Amaral , Hammerschmidt Karina Silveira de Almeida , De Souza Alcione Oliveira , De Paiva Alana Gabriela Carneiro , Gryzbowski Bruna Tres , Postanovski Sandra de Moraes
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: descrever recomendações científicas de boas práticas para o cuidado de enfermagem a pessoa idosa em tratamento hemodialítico. Método: scoping review, seguindo Manual do Instituto Joanna Briggs, conforme questão norteadora: “Quais são as recomendações científicas de boas práticas para o cuidado de enfermagem ao idoso em tratamento hemodialítico?”. Critérios de inclusão: apresentar no título ou resumo as palavras “idoso”, “hemodiálise” ou “tratamento hemodialítico”. Exclusão: artigos duplicados, publicações que não abordem a hemodiálise, artigos incompletos ou indisponíveis. Resultados: Incluídos 13 artigos, dos quais emergiram as categorias: educação em saúde; assistência de enfermagem e cuidados paliativos. Como fortalezas do cuidado identificou-se: fortalecimento da autonomia, autocuidado, tomada de decisão, processo de enfermagem e identificação de condições de fragilidade e qualidade de vida. Conclusão: destaca-se a educação em saúde e utilização de escalas/instrumentos de avaliação como práticas importantes no cuidado a pessoa idosa em hemodiálise, sendo necessário fortalecer a temática dos cuidados paliativos.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA DROGA VEGETAL E SOLUÇÃO EXTRATIVA OBTIDOS A PARTIR DE SYZYGIUM CUMINI (L.) SKEELS PARA FUTURO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE FORMAS FARMACÊUTICAS
Authors: Da Silva Jordan José Carvalho , Lima Maria Joanellys dos Santos
Published: May 2023

Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels  é uma árvore popularmente conhecida como “jamelão” ou “azeitona-roxa”, é um vegetal frutífero  de grande porte, pertencente à família Myrtaceae e de origem asiática, teve sua expansão em diversas regiões do mundo, no Brasil é encontrada no Nordeste, Norte e Sudeste. Quando aplicada na medicina tradicional apresenta diversas propriedades farmacológicas contidas em suas folhas, frutos, sementes e caule, com isso torna-se uma espécie bastante promissora para a indústria farmacêutica e alimentícia, pois além de conter características benéficas possui um alto poder econômico. Desta forma, este trabalho visa caracterizar físicoquimicamente a droga vegetal e solução extrativa obtidos a partir das partes aéreas de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels para futuro desenvolvimento de forma farmacêutica. O material vegetal de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels foi coletado na região de Araçoiaba-PE. Suas partes aéreas foram secas e trituradas. A solução extrativa foi obtida através da maceração da matéria-prima utilizando o etanol como solvente e as caracterizações foram realizadas de acordo com a Farmacopeia Brasileira 6° edição.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ENFERMEIRO NA PREVENÇÃO DO CÂNCER DE MAMA - REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Ramirez Mara Aline Rosa , Martins Luciana Santana
Published: May 2023

O Câncer de mama é uma doença que afeta as células mamarias, e é uma das principais causas da mortalidade em muitas mulheres, principalmente se detectado tardiamente. Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância do enfermeiro na prevenção do câncer de mama, sensibilização e conscientização das mulheres. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Resultados e discussão: Foram selecionados 15 artigos para a amostra desta revisão, o período de publicação analisada foi de 2013 a 2023, sendo o buscador principal as bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências em Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO). Os resultados encontrados na pesquisa mostram a importância da prática profissional do enfermeiro relacionado a orientação, educação e diagnóstico precoce da neoplasia. Conclusão: Foi possível concluir que o enfermeiro é profissional qualificado e comprometido com atributos para orientar, prevenir e promover ações de educação em saúde, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida.
الدولة المدنية، مصير الهوية بعد الانتفاضات العربية تونس ومصر أنموذجا
Authors: يحياوي الدكتورة هادية
Published: May 2023

بعد الانتفاضات العربية التي شهدتها تونس ومصر، تأثرت الهوية في البلدين بشكل كبير. وفيما يلي ملخص لمصير الهوية في كل من تونس ومصر:

تونس: بعد الثورة التونسية في عام 2011 وسقوط نظام الرئيس السابق زين العابدين بن علي، تغيرت الديناميكية السياسية والاجتماعية في تونس بشكل كبير. تم السماح بتعدد الأحزاب السياسية والتعبير الحر، مما سمح لتونس بأن تتجه نحو نظام ديمقراطي.

وقد تم تشكيل حكومات انتقالية وتم إجراء انتخابات عامة في عام 2011 و2014، وتم اعتماد دستور جديد في عام 2014. وبالرغم من التحولات السياسية، استمرت تونس في الحفاظ على هويتها الوطنية والثقافية القوية.

ومع ذلك، تواجه تونس تحديات كبيرة بعد الثورة، بما في ذلك ضعف الاقتصاد وارتفاع معدلات البطالة، مما أدى إلى حالة من الاستقطاب السياسي والاجتماعي. وقد شهدت البلاد تصاعدًا للتوترات الاجتماعية والاحتجاجات على مدى السنوات الأخيرة.

مصر: في عام 2011، خرج المصريون في احتجاجات ضخمة ضد نظام الرئيس السابق حسني مبارك، ونجحوا في إسقاطه. وبعد ذلك، تشكلت هيئة عسكرية مؤقتة لإدارة البلاد حتى إجراء الانتخابات الرئاسية والبرلمانية. تم انتخاب محمد مرسي، مرشح جماعة الإخوان المسلمين، رئيسًا لمصر في عام 2012، لكنه تعرض للانتقادات والاحتجاجات بسبب سياساته والاتهامات بأنه يسعى لتثبيت الحكم الإخواني. وفي عام 2013، قاد الجيش المصري الانقلاب العسكري وأقال مرسي. منذ ذلك الحين، تم تشكيل حكومة مدنية جديدة في مصر وتم انتخاب عبد الفتاح السيسي رئيسًا للبلاد في عام 2014. ومنذ ذلك الحين، تم تكثيف الرقابة على النشاط السياسي والإعلامي في مصر، وشهدت البلاد تقييدًا للحريات الأساسية واضطهاد للمعارضة.ومع ذلك، لا يزال المصريون يعبرون عن هويتهم الوطنية والثقافية المصرية من خلال الفن والأدب والتراث الثقافي الغني للبلاد.
العلاقات العراقية ــ الاردنية بعد 2003
Authors: مكي ا.م.د. دينا هاتف
Published: May 2023

حكمت العلاقة بين العراق و الاردن الدولتين الجارتين ظروف موضوعية اثرت و لاتزال تؤثر فيها، اذ يعد كل منهما من نواتج اتفاقية سايكس ـ بيكو اوائل القرن الماضي التي وضعت شكل و تقسيم للمناطق التي كانت خاضعة للحكم العثماني بين كل من بريطانيا و فرنسا و كان الاثنان من حصة بريطانيا التي عملت على جعل النظام فيهما ملكي لشقيقين من العائلة الهاشمية، وان تغير الحال بعد ذلك و تغيرت طبيعة النظام الحاكم في كل منهما لكن هذا لم يمنع من وجود العلاقات بينهما و استمرارها، الا ان المتغيرات في العراق و المنطقة ككل اثرت في هذه العلاقات، اذ يعيش العراق مرحلة حرجة بعد وقوعه تحت الاحتلال الامريكي في 2003 ، فهو يمر بمرحلة انتقالية سواء في ترتيب شؤونه الداخلية او علاقاته الخارجية و طبعا يشوب هذه المرحلة الكثير من الفوضى و عدم الاستقرار و التي اثرت في علاقته بالأردن، و هو ما نحاول بحثه هنا .
الشرق الأوسط من الاستبداد إلى مخاوف الطائفية - العراق أنموذجا –
Authors: جاسم ا.م.د. رغد نصيف
Published: May 2023

لقد دخلت المذاهب السياسية ذات الصبغة الدينية في منافسة مع الدولة التي تستند في الظاهر فقط إلى مبدأ (المساواة)، حيث ان هذه الدول تكون تربة خصبة تتغذى عليها المذاهب الدينية المتعددة التي لها التأثير الفعال، لان الدين يربط بشكل عام الواقع الاجتماعي والسياسي كحقيقة بالحقيقة المطلقة العليا، فالواقع الاجتماعي والنظام السياسي يعدّان من وجهة النظر الدينية غير شرعيين، وهذا ينطبق على مستوى النظام السياسي وعلى مستوى المواطن.
السياسة الأمريكية تجاه مصر بعد عام 2011
Authors: الربيعي أ.م د. كوثر عباس
Published: May 2023

شهدت العلاقات المصرية الأمريكية مراحل متنوعة من التعاون والاختلافات على مدار تاريخها المعاصر، وعلى الرغم من كل الحديث عن مدى انفرادية العلاقات المصرية الأمريكية وتزايد المصالح المشتركة بينهما، إلا أن هذه العلاقات مرت بمنعطفات حادة في مراحل مختلفة. مع بداية العقد الثاني من القرن الحادي والعشرين، حدث العديد من التحولات، خاصة بعد التغيير الذي شهدته مصر في نظام الحكم والتطورات الأمنية والاقتصادية والسياسية على جميع المستويات.

كانت العلاقات الأمريكية مع مصر في عهد نظام مبارك (1980-2011) قوية جدًا، حيث كان هناك تعاون في جميع المجالات وتبادل الوفود والتجارة، والتعاون في المجالات الأمنية والعسكرية والتجارية والثقافية وغيرها من المجالات الأخرى، مما أدى إلى تبرير الثورة ضد نظام مبارك باتهامه بأنه وكيل للولايات المتحدة وتحقيق مصالح الولايات المتحدة على حساب مصر، وخاصة فيما يتعلق بالتطبيع مع الكيان الصهيوني.

عندما تحركت حشود المصريين في عام 2011، مطالبة بالتغيير والإطاحة بالنظام في إطار موجة الحركات الضخمة في عدة دول عربية، التي تمت تسميتها بـ "الربيع العربي"، كانت الولايات المتحدة تراقب بعناية ردود أفعالهم التي اختلفت بين إيجابية وسلبية على مختلف المستويات.
دور الاحتلال الامريكي في ظهور التنظيمات المتطرفة في العراق
Authors: خطاب أ.م. نظيرة محمود
Published: May 2023

يمثل دور الاحتلال الأمريكي في ظهور التنظيمات المتطرفة في العراق موضوعًا معقدًا ومتنوعًا. في البداية، يجب أن نلاحظ أن العوامل المؤثرة على ظهور التنظيمات المتطرفة في العراق تتعدى الاحتلال الأمريكي وتشمل العوامل السياسية والاجتماعية والثقافية والاقتصادية.

ومع ذلك، يمكن تحديد عدة عوامل قد ساهمت في ظهور التنظيمات المتطرفة في العراق بعد الاحتلال الأمريكي عام 2003. إليك بعض هذه العوامل:

فراغ السلطة وانعدام الاستقرار: بعد سقوط النظام السابق، شهد العراق فراغًا في السلطة وانعدام استقرار، مما خلق بيئة ملائمة لنمو وتعزيز التنظيمات المتطرفة.

تفكك المؤسسات الأمنية: قام الاحتلال الأمريكي بحل القوات العراقية السابقة، مما أدى إلى تفكك المؤسسات الأمنية وانعدام قدرتها على ضبط الأمن ومكافحة التطرف.

تمييز طائفي: استغلت بعض التنظيمات المتطرفة الانقسامات الطائفية في العراق، والتي تزايدت بعد الاحتلال، لتعزيز توجهاتها وجذب المزيد من المؤيدين.
أثر المعلومات في عملية اتخاذ القرار السياسي الخارجي
Authors: الياس م.م. فراس محمد احمد
Published: May 2023

يسعى البحث إلى تبيان أثر المعلومات في عملية اتخاذ القرار السياسي الخارجي من خلال تسليط الضوء على الدور الذي تؤديه المعلومات في كل مرحلة من مراحل اتخاذ القرار، إذ تم تقسيم الدراسة إلى مبحثين، اختص الأول بالبحث في عملية اتخاذ القرار السياسي الخارجي، إما الثاني فيتضمن دراسة لأثر المعلومات في عملية اتخاذ القرار السياسي الخارجي، وقد خلص الباحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج التي توضح الإطار العام للدور الذي تؤديه المعلومات في عملية اتخاذ القرار السياسي الخارجي.
Detection of Water Flow by Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica): Behavioral and Pharmacological Analyses
Authors: Watanabe Shigeru
Published: May 2023

Eels migrate long distances and their spatial learning ability based on extra-maze visual cues has been examined in the laboratory. Here, I examine the discriminative properties of water flow in their spatial cognition. Individuals of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) were trained in a circular pool containing four pipes. One pipe was open where the eels could enter, and the other pipes were closed. A small motor-driven water screw was placed beside each pipe. The water screw close to the open pipe was active to allow water flow, whereas the other screws were inactive. The position of the open pipe with the active screw was randomly changed, and the eels could learn the position of the open pipe after approximately 15 trials. Overall, five tests were conducted. Test 1: A generalization test showed a generalization gradient along the distance from the open pipe and the active screw. Test 2: A test using a screw with no blades (i.e., no water flow but possible vibration or sound by a motor is present) resulted in chance level performance, suggesting that the eels needed water flow to find the open pipe. Test 3: A test with a water pump that produced water flow by a mechanism different from that of the original motor-driven screw showed that the eels maintained the detection of water flow under this condition. Test 4: The eels also located the open pipe in a dark room test; therefore, visual cues were not used for the detection of the open pipe. To confirm that the water flow was detected by the lateral organ, streptomycin sulfate was dissolved in a home tank to impair the hair cells in the lateral line organ in Test 5, and the eels were not able to detect the open pipe under these conditions. This observation suggests that the detection of water flow depends on the lateral-line organ. In summary, the data show that eels can detect water flow to find hiding locations.
Wild Carrion Crows (Corvus corone) Autonomously Respond to Speech but Show No Difference in Their Response to a Local and a Foreign Language
Authors: Schalz Sabrina
Published: May 2023

Eavesdropping on the vocalizations of other species can be beneficial for wildlife to avoid predator encounters, including encounters with humans. Wild-caught large-billed crows in Tokyo responded more to playback of a foreign language than to Japanese without any training or rewards provided in the experiment, suggesting habituation to the local language. Here I tested the response of wild carrion crows in the UK to playback of a foreign language (Vietnamese), the local language (English), and non-speech control vocalizations (pigeon and parakeet vocalizations) to examine whether wild crows eavesdrop on speech. Playback experiments were conducted in two cities that differ in their population size and linguistic diversity (London and Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire), to understand the role of exposure frequency to humans and to different languages in their response to speech. The crows autonomously responded with increased flight behaviors to human speech compared to non-speech control vocalizations. However, unlike previously shown for large-billed crows, the carrion crows did not respond differently to the two languages. It remains to be understood whether eavesdropping on speech provides any benefit to the animals, particularly urban individuals with frequent exposure to humans.
Study of matrix interference in the determination of selenium and tellurium in ICP-AES in metallurgical materials
Authors: Belozerova A. A. , Mayorova A. V. , Bardina M. N.
Published: May 2023

The content of selenium and tellurium used in steels and alloys as alloying additives is strictly regulated by the current state standards. The methods of analysis used in state standards are often lengthy and laborious and do not provide their simultaneous determination. Development of alternative methods for the determination of selenium and tellurium in metallurgical materials using modern analytical equipment is an urgent goal. The method of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) is widely used in analysis of metallurgical materials. However, the components of the sample base can significantly affect the results of ICP-AES analysis. We present the results of theoretical and experimental study of the effect of the components of the base of samples of metallurgical materials (iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, copper, tungsten) on the spectral analytical lines of selenium and tellurium. Thermodynamic modeling was used for theoretical prediction of the processes occurring during atomization of the analyzed solutions in argon plasma. It is shown that matrix non-spectral noise on the selenium line is attributed to chromium (at chromium concentrations above 50 mg/dm3), whereas the matrix non-spectral noise on the tellurium line is not observed. It is also shown experimentally that the spectral lines of selenium and tellurium are not free from spectral overlaps attributed to macrocomponents (iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, copper and tungsten). To reduce the limits of detection and improve the reliability of ICP-AES determination of selenium and tellurium, it is necessary to separate them from the components of the sample base.
Study of temperature and frequency dependences of quartz glass in the microwave range
Authors: Krylov V. P.
Published: May 2023

The use of glass in microwave devices requires study of the dielectric properties of the material. We present the results of studying temperature and frequency dependences of the dielectric properties of quartz glass in the microwave region. The frequency dependence of the dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss tangent were determined using high-precision devices based on resonant cavity at a fixed frequency within a range of 8 – 26 GHz under a normal temperature. The temperature dependence was obtained using resonant cavity made of platinum coated quartz glass with a low thermal-expansion coefficient and insignificant change of intrinsic parameters under heating up to 1200°C. Experimental temperature and frequency dependences of the dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss tangent were obtained using classical conduction mechanisms taking into account the structural peculiarities of quartz glass. The effect of ionic conductivity was also evaluated in quartz glass in the microwave region. The revealed changes in the temperature dependence of the permittivity do not exceed the measurement error. The results obtained can be used for practical application of quartz glass in radio-engineering devices.
Regression analysis of data based on the method of least absolute deviations in dynamic estimation problems
Authors: Golovanov A. A. , Tyrsin A. N.
Published: May 2023

The use of regression analysis in dynamic problems of system estimation requires a high-speed algorithm of model parameter determination. Moreover, the original data may have stochastic heterogeneity which entails the necessity of the estimates of model parameters be resistant to various data anomalies. However, stable estimation methods, including the least absolute deviations method, are significantly inferior to the parametric ones. The goal of the study is to describe a computationally efficient algorithm for implementing the method of least absolute deviations for dynamic estimation of regression models and to study its capabilities for solving practical problems. This algorithm is based on descending along nodal lines. In this case, instead of the values of the objective function, its derivative in the direction of descent is considered. The computational complexity of the algorithm is also reduced due to the use of the solution of the problem at the previous step as a starting point and efficient updating of observations in the current data sample. The external performance of the proposed dynamic version of the algorithm of gradient descent along nodal lines has been compared with the static version and with the least squares method. It is shown that the dynamic version of the algorithm of gradient descent along the nodal lines make it possible to bring the speed close to that of the least squares method for common practical situations and to use the proposed version in dynamic estimation problems for a wide class of systems.
La educacion intercultural y manejo de estrategias creativas
Authors: Caicedo Moreira Rosa Gisella , Zambrano Montes Lubis Carmita
Published: May 2023

La Ley Orgánica de Educación Intercultural recupera: una educación, emancipadora, democrática, para la libertad, inclusión y para el cambio; su impacto social incluye a todos los docentes y estudiantes. Es indispensable para el conocimiento, el ejercicio de los derechos y la construcción de un país soberano; es derecho de toda persona y comunidad interactuar entre culturas y participar en una sociedad que aprende. Se caracteriza por el intercambio y la interacción y favorece el desarrollo personal humano, para lo cual debemos adquirir unas competencias y unas habilidades interculturales.

Los salones de clases son los espacios donde se producen múltiples relaciones e interacciones que en algunos casos no son igualitarias, respetuosas y tolerantes, condiciones que son poco favorables al proceso enseñanza y aprendizaje; entonces se requiere del accionar docente cargado de afectividad, creatividad y dinamismo para marcar una ruta que conduzca a la generación de un clima favorable para aprender.
Elaboración de harina de banano fortificada con berro
Authors: Orozco Plaza Fabian Andrés , Pereira Guanuche Freddy Alberto , Ruiz Veintimilla Kennya Selene , Pereira Ruiz Kennya María
Published: May 2023

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo mejorar los beneficios de la harina de banano, fortificándola con la ayuda del berro, para ello, se separó lotes el banano (4 cajas) y el berro (10 atados). Esto se dio mediante un proceso en el cual el berro y el banano fueron pesados inicialmente de manera completa. El vegetal se pesó con tallo y hojas, y la fruta se pesó con corteza y pulpa. Luego de todo el proceso de obtención de harina de banano y berro se pesaron cada una en su totalidad, esto para medir el porcentaje que se obtuvo de cada uno y cuál fue la pérdida de estos. De esta forma obtuvimos como resultados, que el peso del banano con corteza fue de 14689.5g y el peso de la pulpa fue de 8519g equivalente al 57.99% de la fruta, el peso de la harina fue de 3333g, equivalente al 39.12% de la pulpa. De igual forma, el peso del berro fue de 755.02g con tallo y hojas, 450g de hojas equivalente al 59.6%, obteniendo 159g de harina de berro equivalente al 35.33%. Una vez concluido el proceso de elaboración de la harina, obtuvimos que la harina de banano reforzada con berro presenta un aumento de sus propiedades vitamínicas, siendo mejor para el consumo humano.
Estrategia de componentes para control de plagas y su efecto en el rendimiento y contenido de polifenoles en fresa (Fragaria x ananassa Duch)
Authors: Briceño-Yen Henry , Álvarez Benaute Luisa Madolyn , Valverde-Rodriguez Agustina
Published: May 2023

Las estrategias de componentes para el control de plagas conllevan al menor uso de pesticidas en busca de productos de calidad e inocuos. El objetivo fue evaluar el rendimiento y contenido de polifenoles en fresa bajo el efecto de estrategias de componentes de manejo integrado. En un diseño de Bloques completos al azar con tres tratamientos: T1 (Control biológico con Bacillus thuringiensis + control cultural + control etológico + control químico); T2 (Control biológico con Beauveria bassiana + control cultural + control mecánico + control químico) y; T3 (Testigo = Control químico) y cuatro repeticiones, el rendimiento fue seleccionado en categorías (Extra, primera, segunda). El T1 registro el mayor rendimiento promedio, para las categorías extra y segunda; y en la categoría primera el T2 denoto el mayor rendimiento promedio. El rendimiento estimado por hectárea, el T2 reportó 19 598,52 kg. ha-1 seguido por el T1 con 19 401,04 estadísticamente equivalentes.  Con respecto al contenido de polifenoles totales el T1 registro 910.13±26.68 µg AGE/g, seguido por T2 con 807.83±9.23 y T3 reporto el menor contenido con 732.68±23.35 µg AGE/g. Existe influencia de las estrategias de componentes utilizados en el rendimiento y contenido de polifenoles.

Palabras claves

Categorías, polifenoles, fresa, plagas
Efecto de gelatina y aceite esencial de mandarina en películas de almidón de maíz
Authors: CEDEÑO SARES LUIS ALBERTO , Yánez Romero María , Nuñez Quezada Thayana , Montalván Guamán Nathaly , Rogel Preciado Marilyn
Published: May 2023

La investigación se orienta a la obtención de películas biodegradables para mantener y conservar la calidad de los alimentos. Se utiliza almidón de maíz, que por su característica hidrofílica requiere la adición de gelatina; y, aceite esencial de cáscara de mandarina (AE), por su naturaleza hidrofóbica.

Para la obtención del AE, se aplica el método Clavenger; y, el método Casting para la elaboración de las películas, formuladas mediante un diseño experimental tipo factorial kn de 32, con concentraciones de gelatina al 2.5%, 3.75% y 5% p/v; y, AE al 0.3%, 0.4% y 0.5% v/v; se mantienen constantes: almidón 5% y glicerol 3%.

Los resultados de las variables de respuesta (Solubilidad, Humedad y WVP), se interpretan a través del análisis estadístico ANOVA, y se visualizan en el diagrama de Pareto y gráfico Superficie de Respuesta. Los mismos que reflejan que, a mayor porcentaje de gelatina, las películas experimentan un incremento en sus variables de respuesta; y, a mayor porcentaje de AE se genera una disminución. No obstante, la interacción de los dos factores afecta significativamente (p<0.05) en la disminución de la solubilidad. El modelo de regresión determinado para %Solubilidad, %Humedad y WVP, arrojan un R2 de 98.64%, 98.62% y 97.05%, respectivamente.
LA CONCILIACIÓN EN MATERIA DE TRÁNSITO Y EL PRINCIPIO DE IGUALDAD FORMAL
Authors: García Patricio , Galarza Castro Christian Xavier
Published: May 2023

La problemática del presente artículo se contextualiza en qué; se verifica que la Constitución y el Código Orgánico Integral Penal tienen conformidad entre sí y no guardan ninguna contradicción, no obstante, la norma con rango de reglamento se contrapone a la norma suprema al generar una incompatibilidad con la misma, porque se intenta desconocer el medio alterativo de solución de conflictos en la sustanciación del procedimiento directo en materia de tránsito, al restringir que la conciliación solo opere para la suspensión condicional de la pena y se mantenga la rebaja de puntos, desconociendo lo normado en el Art. 655.5 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal (2014). El objetivo del presente artículo se configura en: Determinar cómo se afecta el principio de igualdad formal y reserva de ley en la conciliación en materia de tránsito. La metodología que se ha planteado se encuadra en: investigativa teórico-descriptiva, con un enfoque centrado en la documentación. Los resultados obtenidos son los siguientes: el trato desigual se configuraría cuando en razón del Art. 8 de la Resolución N ° 327 – 2014, en los casos del Art. 379 y 380, cuando estas infracciones se den en flagrancia, se extingue la pena y no la sanción de rebaja de puntos en la licencia, sin justificación aparente, cuando el 665.5 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal.
ARGUMENTACIÓN EN LA JURISPRUDENCIA VINCULANTE SOBRE ERROR DE DERECHO RESPECTO A LA SEGURIDAD JURÍDICA
Authors: Pico Rivera Maico Andrés , Lescano Galeas Nathalia Viviana
Published: May 2023

La presente investigación se centra en el análisis argumentativo de la sentencia 1158- 17-EP/21 en la que se emplea como jurisprudencia vinculante la sentencia N ° 020-09-SEP-CC, 2009; la cual, determina que el error de derecho se localiza en la incongruencia insalvable entre el fundamento de la sentencia, la realidad normativa y filosófica que caracteriza a la actual Constitución, lo que podría generar una amplia facultad de los juzgadores en sus decisiones judiciales. No obstante, la sentencia 1158-17-EP/21 no deja claro la motivación en cuanto faculta a los magistrados a tener una amplia decisión y poder decidir libremente, lo que vulneraría el derecho a la seguridad jurídica. Esta realidad es preocupante porque este fallo a su vez también constituye jurisprudencia vinculante que se aplicaría en fallos futuros. El objetivo general es analizar la argumentación de la jurisprudencia vinculante por error de derecho respecto a la seguridad jurídica. La modalidad de investigación es cualitativa la cual describe al fenómeno materia de estudio. Para esto, se aplicarán los métodos inductivo- deductivo, que permitirá obtener conclusiones lógicas mediante la revisión de fallos con relación al de la investigación. Como resultado la realidad filosófica, desatiende el imperativo que se analice conforme al Derecho, porque el plano filosófico no se encuentra positivado, por tanto, esto llevaría a que la motivación se determine amplia, creando inseguridad jurídica, por cuanto las resoluciones se deben ceñir al acervo normativo, formalmente objetivado.

Palabras claves: decisiones judiciales, error de derecho, injusticia de resultados, sentencia, seguridad jurídica.
Community Service Programs for Serundeng and Marine Fish Chili Crafts Community with Local Expertise to Encourage Entrepreneurial Innovation and Competitiveness in Kenjeran, Surabaya
Authors: Wahyudi Suhud , Widiana Muslichah Erma , Widodo Basuki , Soehardjoepri Soehardjoepri , Kamiran Kamiran , Asiyah Nur , Widyaswari Meidyta Sinantryana
Published: May 2023

Community service programs based on science and technology as a medium for mentoring prospective entrepreneurs in Rangkah district. Tambak Sari Kenjeran Surabaya, East Java. As partners are craftsmen of Various srundeng and sambal and young people who have connections as entrepreneurs from various groups in the target areas of the activity. The problem faced is that all this time the roasting process of srundeng and sambal sprinkles uses the conventional method, namely by using a frying pan that contains oil so it is unhealthy because it causes cholesterol and easily changes aroma. In carrying out the business activities of making srundeng and sambal sprinkled with sea fish, partners have not applied science and technology as well as potential entrepreneur partners. Many young people from various backgrounds in Rangkah Kenjeran Surabaya which has links as entrepreneurs but no one has yet facilitated assistance. As a solution for this community service program is to use a roaster with a capacity of 15kg / hour with dimensions specifications: 133x63x110cm, fuel: LPQ, 450watt electricity, 220v, to increase production capacity. Second, given training in mentoring concept knowledge and understanding of socio-spiritual and technological insight into marketing activities. Furthermore, providing training on creativity and innovation in the manufacture of products from marine fish from the Kenjeran coastal area to activity partners. The methods of implementation are (1) design, build, maintenance and use of roaster machines (2) training, practice, and assistance to increase conceptual competence and understanding of social and spiritual marketing for partners. (3) Training, practice, and mentoring transmit the mindset and behavior of an entrepreneur to students so that they behave and be entrepreneurial for partners. The results of this activity show a positive impact in improving the quality of partner products and increasing understanding, especially in entrepreneurship in improving their business going forward.
The Comparative Study of Transportation Mode Selection in Jakarta and Surabaya City
Authors: Dwiatmoko Hermanto
Published: May 2023

The diversity of transportation modes that already exist today results in competition in the choice of modes, so that there are modes that are very much favored and used by travellers to achieve a destination. This study aims to observe the behavior of travelers who use public transportation buses with rail transportation in the city of Jakarta and the city of Surabaya in order to know the factors that influence travelers in making mode choices, in order to obtain a mode selection model that can explain the probability of travelers in choose the mode of urban transportation. For the city of Jakarta, research was conducted on the Hotel Indonesia – Blok M corridor, while in the city of Surabaya the research was conducted on transportation from Sidoarjo to Surabaya. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires and direct observations in the field, then processed by the binary logit method to obtain multiple regression equations that describe the relationship between variables. The results of the study indicate that people are more likely to choose the bus mode of transportation with consideration of cheaper costs and faster arrivals to their destination. The results of this study can be used by local governments and transportation providers to improve urban transportation services in the city of Jakarta and the city of Surabaya.
Building a Sales Network for Small Businesses in East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Artaya I Putu , Baktiono R Agus , Kamisutara Made , Deviyanti IGA Sri , Lestari Sulistyani Eka
Published: May 2023

Local and global economic activities which are increasingly supported by the development of increasingly advanced information technology will certainly have a good impact on the development of a local economy that is with the livelihood and development of micro and small business activities in a region or country. Such conditions must be well anticipated by all small businesses to take advantage of these technological advancements for future business development. There are many critical factors for the success of a business actor in carrying out his business mission, but with technological advancements, the gap to utilize technology properly is the key to success in itself, bearing in mind that the world is now in an all-digital communication order. Increasingly being able to adopt advanced technology, will certainly bring its own success for business people. This research was conducted on a group of small businesses in Indonesia who began to pioneer their businesses by utilizing information technology in cooperating with business partners and customers in order to enter the global market.
Evaluation of Radar Reflector Design for Traditional Fishermen in Banyuwangi
Authors: Utari Dian Asa , Rahmat M. Basuki , Wibawa I Putu Arta , Indartono Arie , Setijadi Eko , Mudjanarko Sri Wiwoho
Published: May 2023

Every fishing boat owned by fishermen in the Muncar Harbor area of Banyuwangi is always decorated. In addition to beautifying the ship, they also provide enthusiasm for work. Various decorations used include the shape of the dome of the mosque and the shape of a butterfly. Although technically all ornaments do not support their safety at sea. Accidents, namely the collision of traditional fishing vessels by large commercial vessels often occur. because the area of operation of traditional fishermen is the trajectory of large commercial ships. Many accidents occur because the presence of fishing boats is not detected by commercial vessels. because most traditional fishing boats are made of materials that do not reflect the radar signals of large vessels. For this reason, it is very necessary to install a reflector radar, which is a passive radar that serves to increase the object’s Radar Cross Section value. This radar can be mounted on fishing vessels so that the reflected energy from this radar reflector can be recognized by large ships. This article describes designs that are in demand by traditional fishermen in the Muncar area of Banyuwangi.
Tourist Boat Electrification
Authors: Widodo Hendro Agus , Poetro Joesianto Eko , Rahmat M. Basuki , Asri Purwidi , H Edy Prasetya , H Catur Rahmat
Published: May 2023

As a city crossed by rivers, Surabaya has the potential for attractive water tourism. Kalimas is one of them. Kalimas is a river that divides Surabaya. Kali Mas is a tributary of the Brantas River. This main river flows from Mojokerto as its headwaters, then flows to the northeast, empties into Surabaya, and ends in the Madura Strait. Muara Kali Mas has been Surabaya's traditional port for centuries. This port became the gateway to the capital of the Majapahit Kingdom (in Trowulan), and became part of the Surabaya people's battle against the allies before November 10, 1945. In various countries, river tourism has developed. Not only for city residents, but has become part of the State's tourism. One example is in Italy, namely tracing the river canals in Venice in Italy. Everything is described so well that everyone who comes wants to try it. Experiences and interesting photo documentation make river tourism an opportunity to develop. River tourism can be a potential alternative for Surabaya residents. Become a means of recreation or further developed into a tourist vehicle of national and even international standards. An important means of water tourism is a boat. Tour boats were developed to support the success of this tour. This article discusses the electrical installation for tourist boats that will be used on the Kali Mas River. Its power source is taken from diesel engines and also from solar panels that are capable of generating electricity.
Lecturer's Behavior Finance in Making Investment Decisions on Financial Assets from The Perspective of Psychological Factors
Authors: Yuniningsih Yuniningsih - , Santoso Bowo , Zhafirah Nanda Farah , Rachmayanti Difa , Anggraini Dina
Published: May 2023

This research is a continuation of research year 1 with the title “Lecturer Financial Asset Investment Interest in Surabaya”. In the first year of research, the research was limited to investment interest as an endogenous latent variable. 3 exogenous latent variables were consisting of financial literacy, attitude, and motivation. There is also 1 moderating variable, namely family. The purpose of this study was to determine the behavior of lecturers in Surabaya in making investment decisions. 3 factors as exogenous variables are investment interest, risk perception, and risk tolerance. These factors affect investment decisions as endogenous variables. The analysis tool used is SEM PLS and with 56 participant’s data. The results show that investment interest greatly influences investment decisions. while the other two variables, risk perception, and risk tolerance do not affect investment decisions. The dependent variable or as an endogenous variable in this study is investment decisions and 3 exogenous latent variables, namely investment interest, risk perception, and risk tolerance.
Study Of Transport Reform And Development In The Middle Of The Covid-19 Pandemic In Sidoarjo Regency
Authors: Supriyatno Dadang , Mudjanarko Sri Wiwoho , Mustika Sari Satriana Fitri
Published: May 2023

Sidoarjo is part of the Gerbangkertosusila which is a Metropolitan area, so facilities and infrastructure are needed that are able to support the needs of the city together with the Covid-19 pandemic, it is necessary to revitalize fundamental public transport. According to a survey conducted using the AHP method, the model Y= 0.158X1 + 0.187X2 + 0.135X3 + 0.156X4 + 0.126X5 + 0.131X6 + 0.066X7 + 0.042X8. The calculation results show that the city of Sidoarjo is ready to be developed. The development carried out is to develop the existing transportation route Purabaya Terminal - Porong Terminal into road-based mass transportation, namely medium buses with a capacity of 30 passengers, which has a circulation time of 1 hour 49.25 minutes/trip, with a load factor of 77%, headway 11.55 minutes , and a fleet that requires 12 units of the fleet, as well as the temporary tariff determined according to the BOK of Rp. 8.334,-. The revitalization of existing transportation is by scraping by rerouting existing transportation to be used as feeders, rejuvenating existing transportation, selling it outside the city, and if it is not roadworthy, old iron scrap is sold using the kiloan method