bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Balkans' new political dynamic
Authors: Gordon Bardos
Published: October 2010

The Balkans is currently going through its most profound period of change since Slobodan Milosevic's overthrow in October 2000. Montenegro has declared its independence from the state union of Serbia and Montenegro; the Kosovo future status talks are in their final stages and by all indications will suggest some form of independence for the Serbian province; new governments are in place in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia; while the results of Serbia?s January 2007 elections suggest that Serbian politics will be unstable for the foreseeable future. All of this is occurring at a time when two of the pillars promoting stability in the Balkans - a substantial U.S. military presence and the foreseeable prospect of EU accession for the countries of the region - are being withdrawn. Meanwhile, anew variable is being introduced into the strategic equation in The region - the return of Russia as a serious player. As a result of all of these new developments without a more serious commitment to the region from both Washington and Brussels over the next few years, there is a serious likelihood that the democratic and economic transitions in the region will suffer serious setbacks or delays.
Two necropolises from the migration period at Viminacium
Authors: Mikic Zivko
Published: October 2010

The necropolis known as Vise Grobalja at Viminacium has undergone an anthropological revision. Namely, guided by the initially formulated archaeological criteria, the author interpreted the Migration Period necropolis as a single cemetery. However, the latest analysis has ascertained two necropolises simply abutting onto one another: an older, dated to the second half of the fifth century and containing 36 skeletons, and a younger dated to the second half of the sixth century and containing 58 skeletons. Both are attributed to the Gepidae, but the older has 26 skulls (72 percent) showing artificial deformation, and the younger only five (9 percent). The figures reflect a change that occurred in Gepidean funerary practices within about a century. It should be added that the two fully excavated necropolises are now anthropologically analyzed and interpreted as well.
France and the Austrian Empire 1815-1918
Authors: Horel Catherine
Published: October 2010

Relations between France and the Habsburg Empire during the long nineteenth century went through several phases bounded by the events crucial not just to the two countries' mutual relations but to all of Europe. The Congress of Vienna defined their mutual relations for the next thirty years. The Habsburgs and their omnipresent minister Metternich were fearful of revolutionary and liberal movements traditionally having their origins in France. And it was the revolutionary events of 1848 that brought about a change in the balance of power and their mutual relations. Metternich's retirement and, more importantly, the arrival of the Russian armies in Central Europe and the subsequent strengthening of Prussia, conferred a new importance to the role of the Habsburg Monarchy as a bulwark against the advancement of Russia and a vital counterweight to Prussia. With the defeat of Napoleon III and the creation of Germany with Alsace and Lorraine Franco-Austrian relations entered a new phase. The destiny of the two provinces alienated the Habsburgs from the French Republic, especially after the reorganization of Europe into two confronting blocs. The logic of alliances led to their being adversaries in the world conflict, although Napoleon III's geo-strategic analyses remained present almost to its very end, when Clemenceau's government gave support to the nationality principle thereby crucially contributing to the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy.
The road to democracy: The development of constitutionalism in Serbia 1869-1903
Authors: Batakovic Dusan
Published: October 2010

After the swiftly abolished liberal Constitution of 1835 and the imposed 'Turkish' one of 1838 (imposed by the Russians and Ottomans, guarantors of Serbia's autonomy granted in 1830, to limit the princely power), the development of constitutionalism in modern Serbia went through several phases. As elsewhere in the Balkans, constitutions usually resulted from a compromise between the ruler and the elites rather than from the will of the people. The 1868 Constitution drew to an extent upon the early nineteenth-century German constitutional monarchies, but, under pressure from the politically mobilized population, the 1888 Constitution, proposed by the Radical Party in response to the egalitarian aspirations of the nation's agrarian majority, adopted a French constitutional model - with a unicameral system and frequent coalition governments. Shaped on the model of the Belgian Constitution of 1831, which in its turn was a modified version of the French Charte of 1830, it restored a French influence, expressed for the first time in the 1835 Constitution. The 1888 Constitution was passed by the Grand National Assembly with its five-sixth majority of Radicals, representatives of the agrarian majority. It was soon annulled by the coup d'?tat of 1894 and the Court-imposed Constitution of 1869 was reinstituted. The Constitution of 1901 was an attempt to introduce a bicameral system as a means of upholding the influential role of the ruler, while limiting that of the Radical Party, which had enjoyed an ample electoral support since the 1888 Constitution. After the assassination in 1903 of the last Obrenovic ruler king Alexander, and his wife, queen Draga, the liberal Constitution of 1888 with minor modifications was reinstituted. Under this Constitution - which is commonly known as the 1903 Constitution and which, during the democratic reign of king Peter I Kardjordjevic, was no longer challenged - Serbian democracy remained fragile, because there was no upper house to counteract as it did in the French Third Republic, the predominantly party-biased way of running the affairs of state.
A third Balkan war: France and the allied attempts at creating a new Balkan alliance 1914-1915
Authors: Pavlovic Vojislav
Published: October 2010

The initial phase of the First World War in the Balkans 1914-1915 was a natural continuation of the conflicts opened during the Balkan Wars, but national fervor now encompassed all of the Balkans, from Rijeka and Ljubljana to Athens, Sofia and Bucharest, because the role of the Dual Monarchy had changed from that of an arbiter to that of a participant in the conflict. With the demise of the Ottoman Empire, the further survival of the Habsburg Monarchy was challenged by the Serbian government's Yugoslav project, creating conditions for implementing the nationality principle in all of the Balkans. It seemed that, in support of the alliances that were being created in the Balkans and in Europe as a whole, the time had come for the final fulfillment of the national aspirations of the Balkan peoples. The outcome of this third Balkan war no longer depended solely on the balance of power inside the Balkans, but also on the overall course of the war. After the initial victories in 1914, Serbia suffered a defeat in 1915 and her armies were forced to retreat southward to Albania and Greece, but her Yugoslav project was the foundation of her future policies and the basis for materializing the concept of a common South-Slavic state.
Migrations of ethnic Albanians in Kosovo 1938-1950
Authors: Bjelajac Mile
Published: October 2010

The Kosovo crisis and the dissolution of the SFR of Yugoslavia provoked the scholarly community to respond in many and varied ways. This paper seeks to show how difficult it was for many to 'navigate' between the 'rocks' of hard fact and pure propaganda, and in what ways that open-ended situation echoes in the present. A more important goal, however, is to put forward the results of my research regarding the reliability of the Yugoslav census data of 1931 which may shed clarifying light on the vastly discrepant demographic figures that are currently in use. The 1931 census data for non-Slav minorities were highly classified and intended only for internal government use in response to the needs of external defense or internal order. Migrations of the ethnic Albanians and other ethnic groups in the Kosovo region during the first half of the twentieth century led to significant shifts in ethnic proportions. It is almost impossible to form a clear fact-based picture of what had happened during the First World War and why the Orthodox Christian Serbian population dropped to 21.1% in 1921, almost twice as low as their number in 1911. On the other hand, it is debatable how many ethnic Albanians or Turks permanently emigrated or went in exile in 1918-21. According to various Yugoslav data sources, some 65,000 settlers and state officials came to Kosovo, while some 24,000 Muslims from all parts of Yugoslavia emigrated to Turkey or Albania. The Second World War brought about another significant population shift. Some 10,000 Serbs were killed in 1941, while almost all Christian Orthodox settler families (about 60,000 people) were expelled. The expulsion was followed by an inflow of Albanians from Albania proper. Only two thirds of the expelled were permitted to return after 1945. The provisional Yugoslav census of 1948 registered a significant increase for Albanians and a decrease for Serbs and Montenegrins or, expressed in percentage terms, Serbs dropped from 33.1% to 27.5% and Albanians rose from 54.4% to 68.5% of the total population in the region. The Tito-Stalin split in 1948 and strained relations with Albania led to another wave of immigrants from that country Yugoslav historians had evidence for at least 30,000 and indications, yet to be proven, for some 75,000.
The role of migration in demographic development of the community of Valjevo
Authors: Sreckovic Jelena
Published: October 2010

Participation of migration component in demographic development of the community Valjevo, is significant in the past, as well as nowadays. First part of this paper is related with historical development of migration to the end of World War II, while the next part comprise modern migratory movements.
The neotectonic processes petrol field in middle part of eastern Backa
Authors: Zeremski Milos
Published: October 2010

On the base of mutual position of surface waterflows, topography character with morphological anomalies and their relation to the in-depth structure of Neogenic and Quaternary sediments, the appearance of fissured and epirogenic neotectonic processes (in morphostructural arch) whose manifestation include 4 phases from Ris-Wirm to Holocene.
The methodological aspect investigation of intensity of chemical erosion
Authors: Manojlovic Predrag
Published: October 2010

Researching of intensity of chemical erosion nowadays includes different methods, which can be divided into three groups: laboratory experiments, terrain experiments and empirical methods. This work analyses some methods and results that are obtained by their use.
The results of the speleological and speleoclimatic explorations of the great ice-cellar on Devica and of the ice-cellars of Rtanj and Tupiznica
Authors: Nesic Dragan
Published: October 2010

The Great ice-cellar on Devica and the ice-cellars of Rtanj and Tupiznica are karst pits of the Karpatho-Balkan mountain system of the Eastern Serbia. These are specific speleological objects with the static ice-cellar characteristics and that implies the permanent retaining of the cold pit air without any circulation and also periodical duration of ice and snow. The climatic features of these pits are conditioned by their morphological characteristics and by the mountain climate. Our speleoclimatic explorations have pointed out to some smaller daily and somewhat bigger annual swayings of pit air temperature. These annual swaying influence the appearance and melting of ice and the absence of the air circulation between the pit and the outside in the warmer part of the year, while during the winter this circulation is present. Morphologically, these ice-cellars belong to the type of common oblique pits, while morphogenetically they are of tectonic-karst base.
Anthropogenic heat release in the atmosphere of Belgrade
Authors: Andjelkovic Goran
Published: October 2010

During last few decades the phenomenon of global warming up of the atmosphere is discovered. It is also concluded that the climate in cities changes, the main result of what is the higher air temperature, the heat island within the places with cold weather. This happens also in Belgrade. There are many reasons for this phenomenon, but the anthropogenic production of energy is considered to be one of the main factors for the rise of temperature. The aim of this work is to define anthropogenic sources of heat in Belgrade and to reckon the quantity of heat they emit as additional sources in relation to the sun.
Mountain potentials in aid of tourism
Authors: Stankovic Stevan
Published: October 2010

Mountains are distinguished by specific characteristics according to a series of elements, occurrences, processes, shapes, significance for human society and influence on the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. In the world as well as in this country, many mountain tourist regions have become affirmed, with developed winter, summer and whole year tourism. They have important recreational, health, sport-manifestation and cultural-manifestation significance. The best economic effects based on the development of mountain tourism are accomplished where mountains are appropriately evaluated. This must be truly expressed in the year 2002, which has been named the year for protection of mountains.
Contribution to the research of the chemical intensity erosion in the western Serbia
Authors: Dragicevic Slavoljub , Manojlovic Predrag , Mustafic Sanja
Published: October 2010

Based on the research of the chemical erosion intensity in the upper course of Tamnava, the appearance of its negative value has been found. Further researches, that enclose the lower course, confirmed this fact. This research opened the important question about the causes of this phenomena. Analytical method eliminated all expected causes and led to conclusion that the reason for this should be found by using the more precise research of the mineralisation of the precipitations. It was necessary to continue the measurings of the precipitation mineralisation in the greater number of locations and in the wider time period, as well as in the different meteorological conditions, and after that to establish the subordination between the amount of precipitations and the entered TDS. Only after these additive researches we could be able to find out the relation between ''entry'' and ''exit'' and to find out the intensity of the chemical erosion in this, and in the other river basins. For now, we are able only to find out the carrying of TDS, as well as the reduction of the chemical evacuation for the non - carbonated part of the basin (corrected value).
Quality analysis of digital terrain models for the test area Zlatibor
Authors: Bajat Branislav , Strbac Dragoljub
Published: October 2010

Digital terrain models (DTM) have recently become products which substitute standard methods for the terrain relief presentation. As a part of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) they represent not only a data base related to heights that are used for terrain visualization by the means of interpolation routines for the generation of contours, or terrain presentation by the 3D meshes, but also a useful data base in many GIS and other applications. Numerous users of DTMs should also be supplied with information of DTM quality. This is obtained by the statistical analysis of residuals between generated height and heights of the control points called ground truth. The results of this analysis might be compulsorily part of metadata base for all DTMs products.
The potentials for development of eco-tourism in region Posavina inferior, Serbia
Authors: Grcic Mirko
Published: October 2010

When we talk about the Serbian touristic zones, what we usually have in mind and what we point out are the mountainous zones of the national parks. But there exists a plain zone with exceptional natural potentials for the development of eco-tourism. Still adequate attention has not been paid to it neither performed an appropriate touristic evaluation. We are talking about the zone of POSAVINA. A big, navigable river, numerous meanders, river islands, effluents, marshes and swamps rich in flora and fauna, create a remarkable natural environment, quite close to the big cities and international highways that has not been adequately evaluated in the fields of ecotourism. This study is a result of our intention to pay public attention to the natural potentials for the formation of an ecotouristic zone in the lower Posavina in Serbia, which is at the same time the most beautiful and in the ecological sense the most interesting part of the river Sava. In this section (206.5 km) Sava is very much alike a winding thread beaded with fantastic marsh terrains with rare floral and animal species, which are typical for this kind of biothop. Posavina in Serbia contains a whole chain of attractive zones and places, from the hunting forest of Bosut and Morovic to the Ada Ciganlija. Natural complexes in their original state or slightly changed are an important eco-tourist resource in Posavina. They all should be to keep ecological balance, but at the same time to satisfied the rising ecological needs. Though some natural objects are protected, still it is not enough, and ?the touristic digression?, i.e. degradation of environment, is higher and higher. In future ecostrategic planning, Posavina should be treated systematically, as a single ecotouristic zone. The red line of this zone is the river Sava that could be transformed into a single water ecopath. As a conclusion we could say that a complete protection of all marsh and water ecosystems in Posavina is needed not only as a widening of the tourist resource?s basis but also as a creation of an entire system of protection of flora and fauna (especially birds) world, as a basic natural recreation-touristic resource. Ecotourism of marshes and swamps (and of mountains as well) could become a touristic image of Serbia. Tourist destinations in Posavina can be tempting even up to the European standards. But this requires Sava to be accepted as a national eco-path and the integral solving of the ecological problems of Posavina. Only the ecological tourism can be profitable and at same time possible over a long period of time in the zone of Posavina.
Ethnic and religious structure of Tutin municipality
Authors: Djokovic Emilija
Published: October 2010

Tutin municipality is settled in southwest Serbia. It is one of Serbian municipality with one dominancy one ethnic group over another - Muslim group in this case. Muslims were dominated over Serbian in Tutin even before The Second World War, but these differences became more distinctly by the end of XX century. The reasons for such situation are numerous: population increase which is bigger among Muslim than among Serbian population, high migration saldo (for the period 1961-1981), emigration processes from villages to only town centre in municipality - Tutin. Ethnic structure on the settlement level is, more or less, the same as on the level of municipality. There are only five out of 93 settlement in the municipality with dominant Serbian population. The other 88 settlement are with absolute dominancy of Muslims. Religious structure follows the course of ethnic structure in Tutin municipality. Muslims are absolutely dominant religious group with 95% of Tutin population, and only 4,31% of population are orthodox Christians. If all these processes continue in the future, there will be absolute dominancy of only one ethnic group by the end of the next decade. On the other side, the area of Raska region is one of the most important geostrategic area in Serbia, and for that reason it would be good to pay more attention to building spirit of tolerance between different ethnic and religious groups.
Geomorphological processes and forms in the function of optimal landfill microlocation determination
Authors: Milosevic Marko , Markicevic Miroslav
Published: October 2010

Geomorphologic forms and processes have primary and eliminatory significance in the process of determining the proper locations for trash disposal. Those forms are results of long-term morphogenetic processes and they implicate the dependence between the landfill and a landscape where it is situated. Determining proper location for landfill is crucial because it becomes a factor of permanent alternation of the landscape. The basic task that a possible location should satisfy is as least as possible impact zone. Concerning this request, the best locations are those on fossil geomorphologic forms that are out of active geomorphologic processes (erosive fluvial terraces and blind karst valleys). The selection of location for landfills has its economic consequences that are determined in the light of theory of development thresholds and cost-benefit analysis. The work contains comparative threshold graph with short- and long-term economic effects (costs) of locating a landfill on flood plain and an erosive terrace. There?s also given a matrix of suitability that explains economical, social, ecological, technical and esthetical factors relevant for selecting the adequate location for landfills.
Koritnjak: Abandoned rural settlement in the beginning of 2002.
Authors: Martinovic Marija
Published: October 2010

Under non-adequate conditions of social relation to rural area after Second world war, modern development of rural settlements of Serbia has a lot of rural problems. A certain number of rural settlements, after negative general development at the end of XX and in the beginning of XXI century have been in demographical mean disappeared. With this paper, in the example of Koritnjak, is showed the genesis and evolution of settlement which is abandoned in the beginning of 2002, after continuous decrease of total population and non-positive demographical and total development.
Natural features of the Polimske Prokletije mountains from the point of their active protection
Authors: Knezevic Marko , Kicovic Dragomir
Published: October 2010

This paper deals with basic natural values and features of the Prokletije range and points out the need for their active protection. Their value is that of natural treasure according to all criteria. They are a priceless contribution to science, culture, education, art and tourism. Therefore, it is important to preserve them and protect them as a national park.
The basic morphometric characteristics of Serbian relief
Authors: Manojlovic Predrag , Dragicevic Slavoljub , Mustafic Sanja
Published: October 2010

By using the database that is based on grid system of 1 km2 from Laboratory of physical geography, few quantitative maps have been made. Their researching and analyzing can show global relations on Serbian territory. Their importance overcomes geomorphologic needs, because they could be used for spatial planning, economic needs and environment protection.
Contribution to theoretic-methodological concepts of climatic regionalization
Authors: Ducic Vladan , Radovanovic Milan , Bjeljac Zeljko
Published: October 2010

According to the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), examination of the climatic characteristics of any given area should cover a 30-year period (for instance, the years 1931 to 1960, or, 1961 to 1990, etc). In time, changes and oscillations happen in climate, so that the climatic regions will also change, in time and in space. Such alterations are a frequent subject of scientific studies, concerned with cyclical nature and fluctuations of climate. Research of meteorological and climatic elements is, in fact, the precondition of knowing what the climate is, and without this knowledge it would be pointless to discuss any kind of concrete climatic regionalization. Depending on aims that we wish to accomplish, there is practically a limitless possibility of studying regions in one way or another. Essentially, though, the main starting assumption is that it would be desirable to perform a general climatic regionalization of the world, or of any territorial unit, and, starting from that, to proceed with subdivision into smaller climatic zones. A quite opposite approach perhaps more appropriate in certain cases, would be to start research from the other end, by examining each station in detail, so that maximum-quality data could then serve to give us an idea about the spatial presence of various indicators.
Altitude precipitation gradient in Serbia
Authors: Zivkovic Nenad , Andjelkovic Goran
Published: October 2010

Using average annual precipitations data for period 1961-90. from all rain gauges in Serbia, southern of Sava and Danube rivers, the map of altitude precipitations gradient is constructed. 59 regions homogeneous for relation X=f(H) are obtained by regression analysis method (two-dimensional type, X precipitation height and H - altitude). Some new method are applied, some limitations are shown, some regularities are found in disposition of precipitation growth and it is indicated on practical application of this method in physico-geographical research.
Climate characteristics of the Sjenica’s region
Authors: Sabic Dejan , Pavlovic Mila
Published: October 2010

Physicalgeographic position, high altitudes, diverse relief, different inclinations, expositions, and also petrology, pedology and flora contributed the complexity and specific of climatic conditions of the Sjenica?s region. In this paper we analyzed a basic climate parameters of this part of Serbia and their influences on population?s activities of the region, specially in agriculture.
Glacial morphology of Komovi
Authors: Milivojevic Milovan
Published: October 2010

The paper presents the glacial relief on Mt. Komovi in Montenegro. The most common are the macro-glacial forms, which are the best preserved - cirques and moraines. By the analysis of topographic maps and survey in the field the situation, orientation and morphometric data on these forms are given. The analysis of impact of exposures on the cirque bottom elevation is given. Furthermore, the level of preservation of glacial relief forms, depending on geological settings, is analyzed. Finally, there is the reconstruction of Pleistocene snow line elevation and spread of glaciations.
Jovan Cvijic about teaching and science
Authors: Stankovic Stevan
Published: October 2010

After educating in Loznica, Sabac, Belgrade and Vienna, Jovan Cvijic (Loznica 1865, Belgrade 1927) became a full-professor on a High school which turned into University in Belgrade in 1905 (Jovan Cvijic rector in 1906-1907 and 1919-1920). As a professor and scientist he noted one epoch with important inventions and that?s the reason why even today are considered results oh his investigations in Serbia and Balkan peninsula. The biggest number of information about teaching and science Jovan Cvijic permitted in article "About Science Work and Our University", which was printed in 1907.
The role of Michael Pupin in solving of Serbian national question
Authors: Grcic Mirko , Gnjato Rajko
Published: October 2010

Michael I. Pupin was a professor at the University of Columbia, member and the president of Academy of Science in New York; one of the esteemed members of USA National Academy of Science; member and president of many experts and scientific institutions and societies in the USA; member of State Council for Scientific Research by president of the USA during the World War I. Of the great importance for political geography and geopolitics was his activity in Paris during the Peace Conference after the World War I in 1919 also as his great contribution to establishment of state borders of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians (later Yugoslavia), which helped those nations to establish their national borders at maximum level. Pupin claimed that he was Yugoslav patriot and American citizen. Role of M. Pupin in battle for national interests and Yugoslav borders after the World War I is shown in this article.
Towards a new role for spatial planning
Authors: Djordjevic Dejan , Dabovic Tijana
Published: October 2010

The rule-based, normative, decentralized methods which enabled cities and regions to grow during the post-war era of industrialization and rural-urban migration now stand in the way of an easy adjustment of territories to the new economy, and make the pursuit of sustainable development objectives more costly and time consuming. How can these spatial planning systems change? Based on an exchange of countries? experiences and analyses of the challenges of the 21st century, policy-makers and experts, meeting in Paris in 1999 and 2000 under a supervision of OECD, noted a growing convergence of planning practice in both federal and centralized countries with the respect to the role of the private sector, the priorities for government, and the importance of a broad, multisectoral approach. This overview of conclusions from the Paris meetings defines the cutting edge of a field that will be critical to successful economies in the future.
The evaluation of the development of the Danube-Morava corridor traffic network
Authors: Vemic Mirceta
Published: October 2010

Traffic has the primary influence on the development of the Danube-Morava Corridor as a specific natural, geographically determined and stochastic-functional territorial system. The traffic network of roads railway lines and waterways along this corridor is at the very core of the Trans-European Transport Corridor 10, representing its most dynamic, most congested and highest-traffic section. The influence, namely the creative power of traffic, largely depends on the degree of development modernization and maintenance of the network. This work presents the assessment of the development of the Danube-Morava Corridor traffic network.
The influence transborder regions on the development process in Serbia
Authors: Djordjevic Jasmina , Panic Milena
Published: October 2010

Opening of the East European borders, at the end of the 20th century, a lot of possibilities for international and transborder collaboration were appeared. There were different initiatives to create planned concepts for adjusting the development of eastern and western countries, and opportunity activating potentials. This paper, deals with the new planning concept of the transborder regions according to the predominant politics and trends in "Europe without borders". In Serbia, transborder regions were created with Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Bosnia and Hercegovina and Croatia.
Modern tendencies in developing net of settlements of Nova Varos district
Authors: Vujadinovic Snezana , Gajic Mirjana
Published: October 2010

Analysis of demographic and functional characteristics of the settlements in Nova Varos district points to polarization development and the character of the Net of settlements. Nova Varos plays dominant role in spatially functional settlement organization. With development of certain rural settlements - subcenters, favorable conditions for optimal exploitation of resources oh Nova Varos district would be made as well as for its more even socio-economical development.
The influence of migration component on demographic potentials in some Serbian rural settlements
Authors: Santic Danica
Published: October 2010

Period after Second World War was a time well known after the very large population movement from rural to urban areas which cause depopulation in numerous rural settlements in Serbia. Emigration from villages to towns decimated, in demographic sense, small settlements in the first place, and urban areas became bearers of the population growth. Some of the rural settlements had privilege of their geographic position and certain functions and that's why they attracted population from other places. In those settlements number of people who moved in (was not born there) was more than 50% of total population. In this paper this rural settlements will be discussed about.
Space distribution and structure of reception capacities on direction Greatmoravian part of Corridor X
Authors: Popovic Ivan , Bjeljac Zeljko
Published: October 2010

In the elongated area of the Great Morava valley, this part of Corridor 10 as transit touristic direction, we represent space distribution and structure of accommodations capacities in the receptive objects (eight hotels and 10 motels).
Glacial lakes Buni and Jezerce: Albania
Authors: Milivojevic Milovan , Kovacevic-Majkic Jelena
Published: October 2010

The paper presents glacial lakes and glacial relief forms at the foothill of the peak Maja Jezerce in Mt. Prokletije in Albania, near the border with Montenegro. The group of lakes Buni and Jezerce, which consists of six lakes and which genetically belongs to glacial-erosional lakes, is analyzed. Lakes are situated at the cirque bottom, between the moraines and limestone ridges. Except presented morphometric characteristics of lake basins, data about cirque are given, as well as the reconstruction of the glacier which was formed here. Recent erosion processes are intensive in this area and have considerably changed post-Pleistocene morphology of the lake, as well as the cirque bottom.
A condition and dynamics of the earth's ozone layer with attention on the Montreal protocol
Authors: Ducic Vladan , Djurdjic Snezana
Published: October 2010

The paper presents the analyses of the condition and dynamics of earth's ozone layer on the base of the latest satellite measurements and estimated results of the pollutants emissions. On the basis of those results it presented an attempt of explanation of the ozone layer dynamics by prospective causality. Furthermore, paper work contents analyses of activities and measures that are provided by international document known as Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
Deposits and possibilities of using thermal waters in Debrc
Authors: Gajic Mirjana , Vujadinovic Snezana
Published: October 2010

The geothermal waters in Debrc are in karstified Triassic limestone and dolomite. Maximal measured temperature is 58?C on the depth of 1000 m. By using geothermal energy from thermal waters of Debrc, is possible intensive agri and aqva culture production, especially organic food according to world ecologic standards, as well as toplification of Debrc.
Strategy of regional development of the Sjenica's community
Authors: Pavlovic Mila , Sabic Dejan
Published: October 2010

The natural and anthropogenic potentials (conditions and resources) are represented development basis of each community as well as Sjenica. The influence of nature is particularly exposed here, because that is a specific landscape also known as a Serbia roof. Climate, high altitudes, specific old fashionable agriculture, richness in hydro potential and etc., have very unique part in development plans, spatial planning and planning of some infrastructure corridors on the Serbia and Montenegro territory. Sjenica has very well preserve natural conditions, although it is not followed with abdicative conservations measurements and planning documents.
Population of Serbia according to nationality in results of Census in 2002
Authors: Knezevic Aleksandar
Published: October 2010

Ethnic structure in Serbia presents complex process of demographic development different national communities. In spite of trends in different natural increase of different ethnic communities, whose continuity determinate unevenly demographic development in Serbia, the influence of migrations as a result of bad economical, political and civil war situation was very important factors in creating contents of recent ethnic map. According to final results of Census in 2002, there are 7 498 001 people in Serbia (82.86% are Serbs). In Serbia exists 28 different ethnic communities yet (14.7% in total population). The largest national community are Hungarians, whose mostly lives in Vojvodina province, then following Bosnians, Gypsies, Yugoslavs, Croats and others come after.
Influence of migrations on population and functional changes in Srem municipalities
Authors: Matijevic Dragana , Tosic Branka , Lukic Vesna
Published: October 2010

The paper deals with the issues of demographic and functional changes in the municipalities of Srem region, which are the consequence of a complex social-political situation during the nineties of the 20th century. The analysis comprises the period between the last two population censes, when the most dynamic demographic and functional changes in this region took place. The introductory part of the paper is related to population growth which occurred under the strong influence of forced refugee migrations. Second part of the paper deals with the analysis of active population changes by the activities sectors. It also discusses whether, and to which extent, the mechanical inflow of population influenced the changes of active population in Srem region.
Zelenci: Rural development and anthropogeographic complex
Authors: Gataric Dragica , Stamenkovic Srboljub
Published: October 2010

The village Zelenci is situated 25 km southwest of Banja Luka, surrounded with low mountains, on the valley sides of Zelena river. It belongs to the disperse type of settlements. It covers four hamlets (Zivkovici, Milekici, Popovici and Vasiljevici) divided by agricultural and forest area. Nowadays village, according to the tales, existed in Turkish period. Even more, it is built on remaining of ancient settlement (archaeological localities from Bronze age, Gradina locality etc). Inhabitants, whose origin was not researched in details until now, according to the locals, have their origins in Montenegro and Kosovo. Zelenci has negative demographic (in 1961 - 337 inhabitants, in 2003 - 89 inhabitants) and overall development after the Second World War and 60s. During this period, mainly because of permanent migrations toward Banja Luka and Novi Sad, Zelenci is changing its appearance, functional and anthropogeographic characteristics. Today four families live in Zelenci (hamlets are named by them), in 29 permanently settled houses (in 1981 - 47 houses, and in 1991 - 29 houses).
Globalization and regionalisation: Determinants of the transformation and the process of the integration of the geo-space
Authors: Todorovic Marina , Stojanovic Branislav
Published: October 2010

The two processes that, basically since the emergence of the classic civilizations, determine major changes in the basic spatial structures in the world are, de facto, of antipode basic characteristics (globalization and regionalisation), but it is often the case that there are elements with traits of complementarily. They have crucial effect on development and integration of geo-spaces and many research results indicate that, depending of the stage of the development, both processes were present in the geo-space in various forms in almost all the phases of its development and that they have contributed to establishment of all the new spatial-structural relations. The subject of this analyses is, among other issues, a brief genesis of these two processes, including identification of their main starters and effects. Besides from that, there is a special attention paid to the role of the traffic as their basic element and one of the important initiators and its role in those parts of the European continent that are not yet included by these processes of crucial changes of the geo-space as the whole.
Spatial definition of the Danube-Morava corridor
Authors: Vemic Mirceta
Published: October 2010

Position of the Danube-Morava corridor in its entirety and lateral links coincides with the Trans-European Transport Corridor X One segment of the Corridor VII and one internal lateral segment are attached to the Corridor X as well. That corridor as the main geographical route, and its spatial preferences supplemented by more intensive economic and infrastructural activation, represents the principal axis of development and integration of Serbia into her neighborhood in South-East Europe.
Kosovo-Metohija component of de-serbing the Balkans: A possible epilogue and its geopolitical consequences
Authors: Stepic Milomir
Published: October 2010

Throughout history, the Serbs have represented the most significant populational and spatial factor on the Balkans. Geopolitical aims of great forces and Serbian neighbours have been directed to continual decrease of that significance, by reducing and fragmentation of Serbian ethno-spatial potentials. That has been carried out multi-dimensionally in all Serbian areas, and especially in Kosovo and Metohija. After the war and the establishing of the protectorate in the year 1999, the process of systematic de-serbing of Kosovo and Metohija was continued in various ways, and accelerated. The epilogue is expected through the geopolitical act of official separation of Kosovo and Metohija from Serbia. This would happen in a similar way that was tested before (in Dayton-Paris agreement) - by "finished act" of forced territorialization and setting up the border lines. Geopolitical prognosis points to the expectation that the further operationalization of a hypothetical separation could have the following phases: further propaganda of the allegedly unavoidable independence of Kosovo and Metohija; further institutional distancing of Kosovo and Metohija from Serbia; Albanian military preparations; setting up of incidents as triggers of Albanian attacks; direct armed action of Albanians; extortion of Serbian agreement on losing Kosovo and Metohija, under the threat of hypothetical losing of larger territories.
Balkans as the cultural subcontinent of Europe
Authors: Grcic Mirko
Published: October 2010

New world order and rearrangement of Europe transform the position of Balkan region -instead as the "crossroad" between East and West, it is more often included into the area of Western influence. In European relations developed "core" is gradually spreading toward "periphery" removing the traditional Balkan culture. The europeisation of Balkans and spreading of Western European civilization's circle gives the arguments that the term Balkans should be replaced with the term Southeastern Europe. The europeisation or balkanization is not geopolitical but civilization choice in front of all Balkan nations.
The tourist development Spa of Gamzigrad
Authors: Stankovic Stevan
Published: October 2010

Spa of Gamzigrad is balneological center of the long tradition. The spa is situated in East Serbia, near of Zajecar town. The thermo mineral springs were used by Roman people from the emperor town Felix Romuliana, which is situated near these springs. Considering the number of tourists and theirs nights spending, Spa of Gamzigrad is one of the tenth spas in Serbia.
Some aspects of the interaction local-global in tourism
Authors: Vojkovic Gordana , Miljanovic Dragana , Devedzic Mirjana
Published: October 2010

In this work are considered certain theoretical aspects of the relation local-global in tourism. The authors emphasize some cause-and-consequence manifestations of globalization in tourism, and indicate the links and relationships (temporal, spatial, conceptual) of the local system in the framework of the global tourist motions. Also, by comparing mass and non-mass forms of touristic movements, the authors interpret the relations of the local and the global. What are the effects of the globalization of tourism upon the local development, and what may be the future meaning of the local in the development of tourism?.
Geographic bases of tourist development of the Sjenica's region
Authors: Sabic Dejan , Pavlovic Mila
Published: October 2010

One of the central places in finding out the overall solutions to stop the processes of economic power weakening of Sjenica's region, deagrarianization and depopulation of rural regions, is assumed by the question of adequate rural economy structuring in accordance with locally available resources. Within these frameworks we should look for the place, i.e. the position of tourist activity in Sjenica's region, which so far has not been given an appropriate role in development policies and concepts related to these areas, although it is based on various strong, highly attractive natural-ecological and anthropogenesis values. Rural areas were used for some forms of economic production and were known by low overall population densities. Tourism is attracted into these regions by natural features landscape quality and rural way of life. Rural tourism brings life to many areas. It can include a great variety of activities and can be way to prosperous life for people in Sjenica's region.
Example of the methodological solution for the geographic information system selection and implementation
Authors: Smiljanic Sanja
Published: October 2010

Today on the market there is a variety of GIS technology and a great number of systems in usage but nevertheless these commercial systems represent extended functional possibilities, system configurations, data structures performance characteristics and costs. Because of that it is important for organizations to have methodology which will help them to determine if the benefits from GIS technology adoption are greater than costs, and if they are, to decide which system to adopt.
Theoretical framework of individual learning process in geography tuitition in elementary school
Authors: Jovanovic Slavoljub , Janic-Siridzanski Marina , Zivkovic Ljiljana
Published: October 2010

Individual learning is the process that pupils use their own activities (intellectual and practical). The school primarily has to develop pupils' skills and habits for individual learning, i.e. to enable them for active learning using their own capacities. This program has to be applied in the earlier stages to produce growth of children's autonomy and independence in coming stages. Individual learning, above all, demands flexibility of thoughts, critic opinion, individual work and intellectual independence creativity, motivation and interest and pupils' participation during the tuitition.
Theoretical models of stadial-evolutive development of civilizations
Authors: Grcic Mirko
Published: October 2010

Civilizations, like all geographical systems, are dependant on the regularities of geographical process. Geographical process - it is the process of genesis, evolution and fading of geosystems. Different authors' points of view differ considering the movement forces of this process. The comparative analysis of Gumilev's, Toynbee's and Sorokin's theoretical models of civilizations development is represented in this article.
Urban geographic processes of settlements network of Ljig municipality
Authors: Matijevic Dragana
Published: October 2010

Principles of modern development of settlements are taking place under the strong influence of great urban agglomerations. Belgrade and its gravitational role have triggered huge spatial and populational changes with distinctive differences within its metropolitan area. In northern parts of Belgrade functional zone, there are zones of strong concentration of population and economy, as opposed to southern parts, where depopulation and dissection of economy and activities are present. As a part of Belgrade functional area, settlements network of Ljig municipality has been subject to considerable urban-geographic changes. This paper gives the analysis of all changes in settlements network which occurred as a consequence of gravitational impacts of the capital.
Geographic basis of euro region "Danube-Kris-Mures-Tisza"
Authors: Nadj Imre , Todorovic Marina , Tosic Branka
Published: October 2010

Euroregion "Danube-Kris-Mures-Tisza" is formed both to stimulate local development and to serve as an example for cooperation to other areas in SEE. This project considers Banat as united region in three countries. Some differences which exist in separate parts of Banat (Hungary, Romania, Serbia) are less problem than this whole area that has advantages for favourable conditions for cooperation. In regard to some geographic characteristics this three parts of Banat are more similar to each other than to their own states. That fact contributes interregional cooperation in SEE.