bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the question of the evolution of the soils of archaeological sites of the Early Iron Age (Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors:   ООО ", Saakian Alexander ,   БАЛАНС ПРОФИ"
Published: March 2021

The study examined the physico-chemical parameters on the example of soils of archaeological sites Akberdinsky-II, Shipovsky and Okhlebininsky-II settlements (Kara-abyss culture of the early iron age IV century BC to the turn of the II-I centuries BC). Archaeological sites and the background area of the Park named after M. I. Kalinin (Ufa) are located within the forest-steppe zone on the territory of right-Bank Pribelsky district of the Ufa-Simsky region of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The soil cover of the monuments is represented by dark gray forest loamy soils. Humus reserves and the uniformity coefficient Cu of elementary soil particles are calculated based on physico-chemical parameters. The humus reserves and the uniformity coefficient showed that the modern soils on the surface of archaeological sites are close to the soils of the background undisturbed territory. For buried soils and urbanized horizons on the territory of archaeological sites over the past 2200 – 2400 years, there is no approximation to the background soil in the main parameters. In general, the soil cover of archaeological sites of different ages is a valuable source of information not only about natural phenomena and events of ancient historical epochs, but also about the features of the evolution and genesis of soils. Keywords: SOIL COVER, SOIL EVOLUTION, HUMUS RESERVES, GRANULOMETRIC COMPOSITION, ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
The Long and Short-Term Effects of Problems Experienced by Young Children in Their Peer Relationships on Social and Emotional Development
Authors: GÜLAY OGELMAN Hülya , SONAKIN Emine , FETİHİ Leyla
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the long and short-term effects of aggressive with peers, asocial behaviours with peers, and excluded by peers levels of preschool children on the social-emotional well-being and psychological resilience variables. Forty children, aged five year and receiving full-day education in a kindergarten in Turkey, participated in the study. In this study, the preschool education teachers completed the Child Behaviour Scale (aggressive with peers, asocial behaviours with peers and excluded by peers subscales) and Social-Emotional Well-Being and Resilience Scale (PERIK) for each child twice (autumn and spring). According to the results of the study the problems experienced by young children in their peer relationships had long and short-term effects on social-emotional well-being and resilience. While excluded by peers significantly predicted the making contact, social performance, self-control, thoughtfulness levels in the long and short terms. The aggression level in the autumn term significantly predicted the levels of making contact, social performance, self-control, thoughtfulness in the same term. The asocial behavior level in the autumn term significantly predicted the levels of making contact, social performance in the same term.
Somos hijos del oro. Testimonios de la cultura del oro y la joyería tradicional en el Chocó
Authors:   Facultad de Artes y Humanidades, Universidad de los Andes, Méndez Uribe Juana
Published: March 2021

Somos hijos del oro es un relato de múltiples voces sobre la importancia del oro y la orfebrería en la vida económica y cultural de la región minera tradicional del Chocó, en Colombia. Recoge la memoria de este patrimonio por medio del testimonio de varios protagonistas que compartieron sus vivencias y opiniones sobre el significado profundo y determinante que han tenido el oro y la joyería en la economía y la sociedad chocoanas. En la actualidad, luego de la abrumadora destrucción de la riqueza biológica e hídrica que ha sido causada por la minería mecanizada no regulada, esta cadena cultural se ha transformado y enfrenta nuevas amenazas. Así, a lo largo de estas páginas los protagonistas interpretan y reflexionan sobre los cambios que han ocurrido y los posibles caminos para la restauración del fascinante tejido cultural del oro y la joyería.
Kívülállók közössége? : A communitas megnyilvánulási formái és funkciója egy alternatív középiskolában
Authors: Szentesi Balázs
Published: March 2021

A tanulmány egy budapesti alternatív gimnázium (a „Diákház”) belső diskurzusát vizsgáló, etnográfiai módszerekkel végzett kutatás eredményeire épül. A Diákházban a tanárok iskolaelhagyó, a felnőttekkel, tanárokkal, iskolákkal szemben többnyire elutasító, szociokulturálisan sokszínű diáksággal dolgoznak. A hagyományostól eltérő pedagógiai eszközök használata mellett ezt a munkát segítik a diákházi diskurzusban megjelenő szubkulturális koncepciók: a másság, a deviancia, a kulturális mainstreammel szembeni ellenállás, a marginalitás és a communitas, a státuszkülönbségek nélküli közösség élménye. Az írás néhány példán keresztül bemutatja, ahogyan az oktatási intézményi keretben fenntartott communitas megjelenik és megerősítődik a diákházi kommunikációs színtéren, és ahogyan a struktúrán kívüliség élménye hozzájárul a diákok strukturális pozícióemelkedéséhez.
Effect of Agnikarma along with Panchatikta Guggulu in the management ofJanusandhigatavata (Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint)
Authors: Pandey Ruchi , Dhudhmal TS
Published: March 2021

Background: Vatavyadhis has been mentioned as one of the Ashtomahagada due to its notorious nature. Being a Vatavyadhi, located in Marma Asthi and Sandhi and its occurrence in old age makes it Kashta sadhya.Osteoarthritis is most common degenerative,disabling disorder in majority of people in 5-6 th decade of life.There is only conservstive treatment giving short term relief in pain and surgical intervention with lots of side effects..Sushruta has mentioned Agnikarma as best treatment for vata Kaphaj Vyadhis.Charaka, has mentioned Basti made up of Tikta Dravya, Ghrita and Kshira in Asthidhatu Dushti,. Keeping all these things in view Agnikarma and Panchatikta guggulu were selected for the treatment of Janusandhigatavata.

Aim and objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Agnikarma and Panchatikta Guggulu in management of Janusandhigatavata ( osteoarthritis of knee joint). Materials & Methods: Total 43 diagnosed cases of osteoarthritis were registered out of which 41 patient completed the study .In group A 4 sittings of Agnikarma was done in 21 patients with Panchadhatu Shalaka.In group B 4 sittings of Agnikarma was done in 20 patients with Panchadhatu Shalaka along with Panchatikta Guggulu orally for 1 month.

Result: The result was assessed by using wilcoxan, paired t test, Mann Whitney and unpaired t test.Significant relief was observed in both groups in all parameters. Clinically and percentage wise group B had shown better results.

Conclusion: Study was concluded that Agnikarma alone has a definite role in reducing the knee joint pain and tenderness but addition of Panchatikta Guggulu found convincing results in stiffness, swelling and (ROM) of knee joint.
Effect of Ayurvedic classical medicines in Kaphaja Kasa: A case report.
Authors: Shrestha Sirjana , Bhatta Pramod
Published: March 2021

Kasa (Cough) is a common problem among patients visiting outdoor patient department (OPD) of Kayachikitsa at Ayurveda Campus and Teaching Hospital (ACTH). In the OPD, the treatment outcome of Kaphaja Kasa (chronic cough) is often less satisfactory. Chronic cough significantly hampers the overall quality of life of patient since it mainly affects the Pranavaha Shrotas (respiratory system). This is a case report of a 42 years old lady presented with Kaphaja Kasa at ACTH and was treated successfully with Classical Ayurvedic medicines.
Geometric estimation of volcanic eruption column height from GOES-R near-limb imagery – Part 1: Methodology
Authors: Horváth Ákos , Carr James L. , Girina Olga A. , Wu Dong L. , Bril Alexey A. , Mazurov Alexey A. , Melnikov Dmitry V. , Hoshyaripour Gholam Ali , Buehler Stefan A.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. A geometric technique is introduced to estimate the height of volcanic eruption columns using the generally discarded near-limb portion of geostationary imagery. Such oblique observations facilitate a height-by-angle estimation method by offering close to orthogonal side views of eruption columns protruding from the Earth ellipsoid. Coverage is restricted to daytime point estimates in the immediate vicinity of the vent, which nevertheless can provide complementary constraints on source conditions for the modelling of near-field plume evolution. The technique is best suited to strong eruption columns with minimal tilting in the radial direction. For weak eruptions with severely bent plumes or eruptions with expanded umbrella clouds the radial tilt/expansion has to be corrected for either visually or using ancillary wind profiles. Validation on a large set of mountain peaks indicates a typical height uncertainty of ±500 m for near-vertical eruption columns, which compares favourably with the accuracy of the common temperature method.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm killing beyond the spacer by antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate beads: an in vitro study
Authors: Brooks Jacob R. , Dusane Devendra H. , Moore Kelly , Gupta Tripti , Delury Craig , Aiken Sean S. , Laycock Phillip A. , Sullivan Anne C. , Granger Jeffrey F. , Dipane Matthew V. , McPherson Edward J. , Stoodley Paul
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Introduction: Bacterial biofilms are an important virulence factor in
chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and other orthopedic infection
since they are highly tolerant to antibiotics and host immunity. Antibiotics
are mixed into carriers such as bone cement and calcium sulfate bone void
fillers to achieve sustained high concentrations of antibiotics required to
more effectively manage biofilm infections through local release. The effect
of antibiotic diffusion from antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate beads
(ALCS-B) in combination with PMMA bone cement spacers on the spread and
killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Xen41 (PA-Xen41) biofilm was investigated using a “large agar
plate” model scaled for clinical relevance. Methods: Bioluminescent
PA-Xen41 biofilms grown on discs of various orthopedic materials were placed within a large agar plate containing a PMMA full-size mock “spacer”
unloaded or loaded with vancomycin and tobramycin, with or without ALCS-B.
The amount of biofilm spread and log reduction on discs at varying distances
from the spacer was assessed by bioluminescent imaging and viable cell
counts. Results: For the unloaded spacer control, PA-Xen41 spread from the
biofilm to cover the entire plate. The loaded spacer generated a 3 cm zone of
inhibition and significantly reduced biofilm bacteria on the discs
immediately adjacent to the spacer but low or zero reductions on those further away. The combination of ALCS-B and a loaded PMMA spacer greatly
reduced bacterial spread and resulted in significantly greater biofilm
reductions on discs at all distances from the spacer. Discussion: The
addition of ALCS-B to an antibiotic-loaded spacer mimic increased the area of antibiotic coverage and efficacy against biofilm, suggesting that a
combination of these depots may provide greater physical antibiotic coverage
and more effective dead space management, particularly in zones where the
spread of antibiotic is limited by diffusion (zones with little or no fluid
motion).
Investigating the Asymmetric Core/Periphery Structure of International Labor Time Flows
Authors: Zhao Junfu
Published: March 2021

This paper studies the core/periphery hierarchy of the capitalist world-economy in the current globalization era. The central and novel argument is that the network of international labor time flows reveals the core/periphery hierarchy of the world-economy with regard to the international division of labor. Based on the analysis of the labor time network of forty economies from the world input-output table, I find that the core/periphery structure of the world-economy has in large part remained unaltered for 1995-2009, though the asymmetry of international labor time flows decreased slightly between 2003-2009. Through regression analysis, I find that per capita income of a country is strongly associated with its command over global labor time. The regression analysis also lends evidence to the existence of oligarchic wealth. This wealth is not available to all countries, implying that the struggle of a country to improve its position in the capitalist world-economy tends to put downward pressure on the income of other countries.
Ecologically Unequal Exchange of Plastic Waste?
Authors: Bai Yikang , Givens Jennifer
Published: March 2021

Plastic production has been increasing since mass production of plastics started in the 1950s. As plastic production has continued to rise, so has plastic waste. Meanwhile, international trade in plastic waste has increased as well. The narrative about global trade in plastic waste oftentimes is that the Global North transfers waste to the Global South. However, little is known quantitatively about the extent to which the Global North shifts environmental harms of plastic waste to the Global South. We examine the extent to which global trade in plastic waste provides evidence for ecologically unequal exchange relationships from 2003 to 2013. We then explore whether plastic waste can be a resource for some countries. Specifically, we investigate how trade in plastic waste is associated with level of economic development in high-income countries and non-high-income countries. The findings provide nuanced evidence of ecologically unequal exchange relationships between high-income countries and non-high-income countries in plastic waste trade. The results also indicate that higher plastic waste import is associated with greater economic development in non-high-income countries. This research advances our understanding of the theory of ecologically unequal exchange in the context of international trade in plastic waste.
Editorial Note
Authors: Grubačić Andrej
Published: March 2021

Editors introduction to Journal of World-Systems Research Vol. 27, No. 1 Special Issue on Capitalist World-Economy in Crisis: Policing, Pacification, and Legitimacy
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI KERJA DENGAN PERILAKU CARING PERAWAT DI RUANGAN INTERNIS RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2015
Authors: Naibaho Gabriel
Published: March 2021

High motivation in a person will encourage them to act properly so that it will affect the productivity of work, conversely, if the nurses are not guided by a strong desire and motivation to work it will have an impact on work satisfaction of the nurses and it reflects a low caring behavior that make the nurses become lazy and in doing their activities of serving and taking care of the patients. Goal:The purpose of this study to analyze the effects of exercise range of motion The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between work motivation with nurses’ caring behaviors in internist room of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. Methods:This study uses a correlative descriptive research design with cross sectional approach. The technique of sampling was performed by using non-probability technique with convenience sampling, with 51 respondents using questionnaire sheets of work motivation 20 statements and 42 statement of the nurses’ caring behavior. Result:The result of the study shows that work motivation category good is as many as 44 (86.3%) nurses, and category good enough is 7 (13.7%) nurses. The nurses’ caring behavior with good category is 16 (31.4%) nurses, good enough is 35 (68.6%) nurses. Conclusion:Based on spearman’s rho test P value = 0.001 and correlation coefficient = 0.603 it can be concluded that research hypothesis (Ha) is accepted that is there is correlation between work motivation with nurses’ caring beahvior in internis room of Elisabeth Hospital Medan. It is suggested to nurses to improve the knowledge, attitudes and skills especially when carrying out their role as executor of professional nursing actions.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI DENGAN PELAKSANAAN DISCHARGE PLANNING PADA PERAWAT DI RUANG RAWAT INAP BAGIAN INTERNIS TAHUN 2015
Authors: Perangin-angin Indra Hizkia
Published: March 2021

Characteristics nurse who has always been a determinant of the direction and strength work is motivation. Motivation is a feeling or thought that drives someone to do a job or running power, especially in the act. Discharge planning is a process of commencement of patient health services followed with continuity of care both in the healing process as well as in maintaining the health status until the patient feels ready to return to the environment. Goal: This study aims to determine the motivation is there any relation with the implementation of Discharge Planning in Space inpatient part internist Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. Method: Design Cross-sectional study. Population is a nurse working in the inpatient unit of internal RSE Nonrandom Sampling method (Non-probability) that as many as 51 people. Data collection techniques used by technical questionnaire given to nurses in the inpatient unit internist. Result: Frequency distribution of motivation (58.8%) experienced an increase in the frequency and distribution of discharge planning implementation there (88.2%). There is no significant relationship between motivation with the implementation of discharge planning by using Spearman Rank test, based on the data analysis could value P value equal to 0.088> 0.05. Expected to nurses to be optimal to perform discharge planning in the room internist Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan and Nurses have the opportunity to attend seminars, workshops, conferences, lokarya and so on discharge planning.
Uppermost Berriasian macro- and microfossil assemblages from the Ticha Formation of the Eastern Fore-Balkan Mts (Bulgaria)
Authors: Petrova Silviya
Published: March 2021

Late Berriasian macro- and microfossil assemblages from the Ticha Formation (Eastern Fore-Balkan Mts, Bulgaria) were studied. Eight ammonite taxa, including coiled and straight forms, were described. In addition, 23 calpionellid, 12 calcareous dinocyst and 4 foraminiferal taxa were identified. The “Thurmanniceras” otopeta ammonite Subzone of the Tirnovella alpillensis Zone, the calpionellid Oblonga Subzone of the Calpionellopsis Zone and the Stomiosphaera wanneri calcareous dinocyst Zone were indicated. The advent of Bochianites neocomiensis, the late occurrence of Bochianites (?) ambiguus and the earliest appearance of Phylloceras (Hypophylloceras) tethys tethys was documented in the Eastern Fore-Balkan Mts area. The calpionellid-spicule microfacies was also recognized. The fossil data allow a correlation with similar coeval localities of the European Tethyan Realm. Pelagic macro- and microfossils and the microfacies are indicative of deeper-water basin depositional settings.
Small farms might rescue the future [Book review]
Authors: Lohr Hannah
Published: March 2021

In A Small Farm Future, Chris Smaje argues that small farms offer humanity’s strongest option for a just and ecologically and nutritionally sus¬tainable future. He undertakes three major feats. First, he demonstrates that certain forces are driving human¬ity toward a small farm future in which local and self-sufficient food production is likely. Second, he outlines the ways in which a small farm future solves most of the world’s loom¬ing crises (see chapter 1). Without concrete demar¬ca-tions of small or local, Smaje argues for a future in which much of the world population works as small-scale farmers creating “local-autonomies” and “a degree of self-provisioning” (p. 9). Third, he depicts what such a small farm future might look like.
Alcune malattie trasmesse da alimenti da non dimenticare
Authors: Bonadies Anna , Corvino Felice , Rosa Margherita , Ruggero Laura , Apicella Andrea , Tipo Vincenzo , Ponticiello Eduardo
Published: March 2021

Foodborne diseases (FBDs) are still a major public health problem. They are often caused by toxic sub-stances due to incorrect food storage. The paper describes three cases of FBD recently observed: the first concerns the so-called scombroid syndrome, the second Infant Botulism and the third acquired methemoglo-binemia. FBDs are now relatively rare so their recognition often represents a diagnostic challenge for pae-diatricians
It's Good Until It's Not: The Curvilinear Relationship Between Affective School Engagement and Career and Technical Education Participation
Authors: Diehl David K.
Published: March 2021

Practitioners, researchers, and policymakers are interested in the potential of Career and Technical Education (CTE) to improve student outcomes by increasing students' affective engagement - their feelings of belonging at school and valuing what they are learning. Little research has
studied the relationship between the breadth of participation in CTE and affective engagement; however, to help fill in this gap, this paper draws on data from a large, multi-ethnic high school, to examine the linear and non-linear relationships of participation in CTE with affective engagement
at school. Results of multiple regressions revealed curvilinear relationships between students' affective engagement and the number of CTE courses they took and the number of afterschool and weekend hours spent working on CTE related businesses. These findings suggest a middle-range mix of
CTE and academic courses are associated with higher levels of affective engagement with school.
n. 07 - PROGRAMA ESCOLAS INTERCULTURAIS DE FRONTEIRA E A REALIDADE BRASIL/PARAGUAI: UMA POLÍTICA DE INTEGRAÇÃO REGIONAL PARA A FRONTEIRA
Authors: Bueno Mara Lucineia Marques Correa , Souza Kellcia Rezende
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo objetiva compreender o Programa Escolas Interculturais de Fronteira (PEIF) como uma política para a integração regional do Mercosul a partir da realidade de Brasil e Paraguai no período de 2012 à 2015. Para tanto, mediante abordagem qualitativa, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e em campo. As fontes documentais consistiram nos Planos de Ação instituídos pelo SEM e as produções normativas que regulamentaram o PEIF.  Para a coleta de dados em campo, optou-se por realizar entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os ex-coordenadores do PEIF no âmbito do Ministério da Educação (MEC) e da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD).  Os resultados apontam duas perspectivas, de um lado o PEIF foi um programa singular ao considerar na sua proposta um olhar específico para as características de escolas que estão situadas em região fronteiriças a partir de um processo formativo sistematizado e periódico, de outro, a intenção em se consolidar enquanto uma política supranacional de integração regional não se materializou.
n. 09 - QUALIFICAÇÃO ACADÊMICA E PROFISSIONAL DOS DOCENTES DE CURSOS DE DIREITO EM ANGOLA: uma análise com base nos Planos de Desenvolvimento Institucionais
Authors: Domingos Rangel Assunção Francisco , Mendes Maria da Conceição Barbosa Rodrigues , Oliveira Diana Da Silva , Costa Nilza Maria Vilhena Nunes
Published: March 2021

A qualificação do corpo docente é uma das dimensões fundamentais da gestão organizacional das instituições de ensino superior/IES. Este artigo aborda a qualificação acadêmica e profissional docente/QAPD nos cursos de Direito em IES públicas Angolanas, através da análise documental de como esta é integrada em cinco Planos de Desenvolvimento Institucionais/PDI das sete Universidades públicas do País que ministram os referidos cursos. Esta análise, feita com base num instrumento desenvolvido pelos autores, foi precedida da construção de um referencial normativo e teórico, sobre a QAPD de docentes do Ensino Superior em geral, e da área do Direito em particular. Os resultados evidenciam que as referências à QAPD são muito gerais, o que parece remeter os PDI a um procedimento burocrático de regulação. Como implicações do estudo sugere-se que se aprofundem os resultados analisando outros documentos institucionais relacionados à operacionalização dos PDI das Faculdades de Direito
Chapter 1: Structural Geology Applied to the Evaluation of Hydrothermal Gold Deposits
Authors: Blenkinsop T. G. , Oliver N.H.S. , Dirks P.G.H.M. , Nugus M. , Tripp G. , Sanislav I.
Published: March 2021

The structural geology and tectonic setting of hydrothermal gold deposits are paramount for understanding their genesis and for their exploration. Strong structural control on mineralization is one of the defining features of these deposits and arises because the permeabilities of crustal rocks are too low to allow the formation of hydrothermal deposits on realistic timescales unless rocks are deformed. Deformation zones and networks of deformation zones are the fundamental structures that control mineralization. Systematically analyzing deposit geometry, kinematics, and dynamics leads to the most thorough comprehension of a deposit. Geometric analysis relates orebody shape to controlling structures, and networks of deformation zones can be analyzed using topology to understand their connectivity and mineralizing potential. Kinematic analysis determines the location of permeability creation and mineralization. New views of shear zone kinematics allow for variable ratios of pure to simple shear, which change likely directions of mineralization. Multiple orientations of mineralized deformation zones may form simultaneously and symmetrically about the principal strain axes. Dynamic analysis is necessary for a mechanical understanding of deformation, fluid flow, and mineralization and can be achieved through numerical modeling. The relationship between deformation (kinematics) and stress (dynamics) constitutes the rheology; rheological contrasts are critical for the localization of many deposits. Numerous gold deposits, especially the largest, have evidence for multiple mineralizing events that may be separated by tens to hundreds of millions of years. In these cases, reactivation of structures is common, and a range of orientations of preexisting structures are predicted to be reactivated, given that they are weaker than intact rock. Physical and chemical processes of mineralization can be integrated using a nonequilibrium thermodynamics approach.

Hydrothermal gold deposits form in contractional, strike-slip, and extensional tectonic settings. However, there may be great variation in the spatial scale over which the tectonic setting applies, and tectonic settings may also change on rapid timescales, so that it is inadvisable to infer local tectonics from deposit-scale patterns, and vice versa. It is essential to place mineralizing events within a complete geologic history in order to distinguish pre- and postmineralizing structures from synmineralization deformation features.
Chapter 6: Mechanical Regimes of Hydrothermal Gold Mineralization
Authors: Blenkinsop T. G. , Rowland J. , Baker T.
Published: March 2021

Pore fluid pressure and differential stress are among the most important controls on the mechanical behavior of mineralizing systems. Their separate influences can be readily identified on failure mode diagrams, which show failure envelopes for pore fluid factor or pore fluid pressure at failure against differential stress. The effect of the intermediate principal stress can be shown on such diagrams by using a failure criterion that includes all three principal stresses, such as the Murrell extension to the Griffith criterion. The effect is apparent from the significant variation of the position of the failure envelope as a function of the ratio between the three principal stresses, which is therefore another important control on failure. Characteristic regimes for different gold deposit types occur as distinctive fields on failure mode diagrams. Carlin, epithermal, and volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposit types have low absolute pore fluid pressures. Iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG), intrusion-related gold, and porphyry deposits encompass low to intermediate values of pore fluid pressure, while the field of lode gold deposits may extend to the highest pore fluid pressures. Lode gold, IOCG, and epithermal deposit types may have the largest values of differential stress. Carlin and VMS deposits are associated with normal stress regimes; the other deposit types may have structures that that formed in either normal or reverse stress regimes. Exploring the effects of the stress ratio and refining these currently broadly defined regimes for the mechanics of mineralization are important future directions for research.
Chapter 7: Structural Analysis of Drill Core for Mineral Exploration and Mining: Review and Workflow Toward Domain-Based 3-D Interpretation
Authors: Kramer Bernhard Julia , Barnett Wayne , Uken Ron , Myers Russell
Published: March 2021

Structural data is vital for the understanding of the geometry and evolution of a deposit and feeds into geologic, structural, resource, and geotechnical models. Accurate models are critical for targeting, resource estimation, and geotechnical design and, if rapidly available, support real-time decisions on drilling and grade control.

Structural drill core data add a high-resolution data set to traditional data from mapping or the structural interpretation of remote sensing and geophysical data and, therefore, add indispensable information to any integrated model.

In this paper we propose standardized workflows for data collection, review technological advances and quality control processes accelerating structural data collection from both oriented drill core and televiewer techniques, and provide an overview of structures that may be observed in drill core and discuss their significance to record for the geometry of the deposit.

Critical to the data collection process is an interpretative process that recognizes and identifies domain-based structures that ultimately are fundamental to developing 3-D structural models.
Mathematical model-based redesign of chickpea harvester reel
Authors: Golpira Hiwa , Rovira-Más Francisco , Golpîra Hêmin , Saiz-Rubio Verónica
Published: March 2021

Aim of study: This paper presents a mathematical modeling approach to redesign the reels of chickpea harvesters for harvest efficiency.Area of study: A prototype chickpea harvester was designed and evaluated on the Dooshan farm of the University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.Material and methods: The strategy used for reducing harvesting losses derived from the dynamic study of the reel applied to the chickpea harvester. The machine was designed such that bats of a power take-off (PTO)-powered reel, in conjunction with passive fingers, harvest pods from anchored plants and throw the pods into a hopper. The trochoid trajectory of the reel bats concerning reel kinematic index, and plant height and spacing was determined for redesigning the reel.Main results: This kinematic design allowed an estimation of the reel orientation at the time of impact. The experimentally validated model offers an accurate and low computational cost method to redesign harvester reels.Research highlights: The new chickpea harvester implemented with a four fixed-bat reel, a height of 40 cm above the ground for the reel axis, and featuring a kinematic index of 2.4 was capable of harvesting pods with harvesting efficiency of over 70%; a significant improvement in harvesting performance.
Lyderystės kompetencijos raiška Lietuvos organizacijose
Authors: Šilingienė Violeta , Stukaitė Dalia
Published: March 2021

Organizacijos ir jų lyderiai, norėdami prisitaikyti sparčiai kintančioje aplinkoje, turi rasti unikalių sprendimų – nėra vieno visiems tinkamo metodo ar sprendimo tikslui pasiekti. Šioje mokslo studijoje autorės siekia atskleisti lyderystės kompetencijos raišką Lietuvos organizacijose. Šiuolaikinis požiūris į organizacijų vadybą nulemia tai, kad lyderio savybių turi ne tik vadovaujantys asmenys, bet ir kiekvienas bet kokias pareigas einantis darbuotojas. Taigi leidinyje probleminiu požiūriu gvildenama tema – kokių lyderystės kompetencijų reikia įvairiuose organizacijos valdymo lygmenyse. Mokslo studija bus naudinga organizacijų, įmonių vadovams ir plačiajai visuomenei, kuri domisi lyderyste ir naujausiomis lyderystės tendencijomis.
How to Be the Crux of a Diachronic Plot: Levinas, Questions and Answers, and Child Soldiering in International Law, in Four Acts
Authors: Stauffer Jill ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2021

A question opens up a space between self and other in the very act of expecting a response. As such, it can be a form of world-building. Posing a question might reveal what is or it might push interlocutors to revise what is. Levinas counsels us to question the first attitude toward questioning in order to open ourselves up to the second. Using questions and answers from a trial of a former child soldier at the International Criminal Court, this paper explores the ethical ramifications of the choices we make when we pose and respond to questions.
Quando o mal é grande e sem remédio radical, tomamos remédios improvisados – a industrialização do cinema e as origens da organização do público na França (1895-1914)
Authors: Mundim Luiz Felipe Cezar
Published: March 2021

A expansão mundial da sala de cinema comercial entre os anos de 1908 e 1914 foi notável, e incontestável. Neste artigo, procuramos demonstrar que essa expansão, ou industrialização do cinema, desenvolveu-se em lógica empresarial que buscava explorar ao máximo a reprodutibilidade do filme e a multiplicação do número de espectadores. Surgiu, daí, a primeira ideia de público de cinema. A formação desse público passou, ainda, pela naturalização do modo de representação do cinema clássico, com seus temas e formatos que instituíram a passividade nos indivíduos diante dos filmes. Entretanto, a posição do movimento operário francês do começo do século XX, diante do cinematógrafo, demonstra que a criação desse modo de representação não foi sentida passivamente. A convivência social dos operários nos primeiros anos de existência do cinema apresentou outra forma de relação com a imagem em movimento, diversa da comercial, apontando na categoria de “público” uma escala de análise na história contemporânea alternativa às noções consagradas de “massa” ou “espectador”.
Un aperçu de la recherche à Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
Authors: McIntosh Robert
Published: March 2021

Quelles sont les conditions de la recherche en archivistique ? Dans un environnement universitaire, la recherche suggère un projet qui dure pour une période prolongée, qui est poussé et qui vise à la production d’une publication (ou d’un rapport de recherche), typiquement évaluée par les pairs. Il s’agit de la création de connaissances, qu’importe s’il y a un besoin immédiat et pratique pour ces nouvelles connaissances. D’habitude, de telles recherches reflètent un engagement étroit avec une littérature scientifique. Les institutions gouvernementales telles que Bibliothèque et Archives Canada (BAC) font face à un autre environnement de recherche. Cet article offre un aperçu des pressions sur BAC en ce qui concerne la recherche, un exposé des diverses sortes de recherche entreprise à BAC, une analyse de la longue participation de BAC aux projets InterPARES et ITrust, suivi de quelques observations en guise de conclusion.
Pour une archivistique sociale : esquisse d’un bilan de dix ans de recherche en archivistique à l’Université d’Angers
Authors: Grailles Bénédicte , Marcilloux Patrice
Published: March 2021

La présente contribution propose un bilan de quelque dix ans de recherche en archivistique à l’Université d’Angers. Les motivations de ce programme de recherche, ses orientations thématiques et ses objets sont envisagés. On aborde aussi les questions de structuration institutionnelle et de financement de cette recherche, de son positionnement, au coeur des systèmes universitaires et archivistiques français, ainsi que celle de ses méthodes, nécessairement fortement interdisciplinaires ou pluridisciplinaires. Quelques conclusions ou acquis sur trois axes principaux sont esquissés : histoire renouvelée des institutions archivistiques aux XIXe-XXe siècles, mise en histoire des pratiques archivistiques, des usages et des logiques d’usages des archives. Ces remarques et réflexions autorisent la formulation d’un sous-champ disciplinaire qu’on propose d’appeler une archivistique sociale, attentive à toutes les formes d’interactions entre archives et société à travers certes les services d’archives et les archivistes labellisés, mais aussi tous les autres lieux d’archives présents dans la société.
La contribution actuelle de la recherche doctorale en archivistique à l’Université de Montréal
Authors: Côté-Lapointe Simon , Guitard Laure , Winand Annaëlle , Gaiffe Cécile
Published: March 2021

Si l’archivistique était auparavant, plus encore qu’aujourd’hui, associée à une pratique professionnelle, cette discipline s’est considérablement développée au Québec à travers la recherche universitaire. En témoigne le programme de doctorat à l’École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l’information (EBSI), créé en 1998, dont la première thèse portant sur un sujet relatif à l’archivistique a été octroyée en 2005 et la plus récente, fin 2019. Les projets en archivistique des actuels doctorants de l’EBSI reflètent le dynamisme de cette discipline et la multiplicité des avenues de recherche qui en découlent. C’est dans cette perspective globale que sont abordées chacune de ces recherches doctorales qui témoignent des évolutions de la contribution québécoise à l’archivistique actuelle.
La création de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada en 2004 et le concept de patrimoine documentaire1
Authors: Roy Alain
Published: March 2021

En 2019, Bibliothèque et Archives Canada célébrait ses quinze ans d’activités depuis l’adoption de sa loi constitutive. À cette occasion, il est opportun de revenir sur les deux processus concomitants qui ont rendu possible l’intégration dans une seule institution des Archives nationales et de la Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. Il s’agit, dans un premier temps, de revoir les enjeux et défis à relever qui ont mené à cette approche nouvelle. En effet, l’expansion rapide des besoins en accès et en préservation, la contraction des ressources et l’irruption des technologies de l’information sollicitaient fortement les deux institutions, qui devaient trouver de nouvelles voies de développement. L’intégration allait progressivement apparaîtrecomme une solution. Si l’unification au sein d’une même entité administrative est devenue possible, c’est également le fait d’une évolution conceptuelle majeure. La loi de 2004 fonde clairement le mandat de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada sur la préservation et la mise en valeur du patrimoine documentaire. Ce concept, apparu dans les années 1960 dans le monde hispanophone, il importe d’en revoir l’évolution – tant canadienne qu’internationale –, mais aussi d’en saisir l’importance, car il insère clairement archives et publications dans le rapport collectif à la mémoire.
D’est en ouest : premières mentions du Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836) (Araneae : Salticidae) en Colombie-Britannique
Authors: Drapeau Picard André-Philippe
Published: March 2021

Le saltique d’origine européenne Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836) est rapporté pour la première fois en Colombie-Britannique (Canada). Les nouvelles observations décrites dans cet article sont les premières en Amérique du Nord à l’extérieur du Québec et de l’Ontario. Elles suggèrent que l’espèce est bien établie dans la région des basses terres continentales de la Colombie-Britannique. Les arachnologues du Canada et des États-Unis sont invités à rester vigilants pour documenter l’établissement de S. venator en Amérique du Nord.
Victor Papanek
Authors: Clarke Alison J.
Published: March 2021

The history and controversial roots of the social design movement, explored through the life and work of its leading pioneer, Victor Papanek.

In Victor Papanek: Designer for the Real World, Alison Clarke explores the social design movement through the life of its leading pioneer, the Austrian American designer, theorist, and activist Victor Papanek. Papanek's 1971 best seller, Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change has been translated into twenty-two languages and never fallen out of print. Its politics of social design, anti-corporatism, and environmental sustainability have found renewed pertinence in the twenty-first century and dominate the agendas of design schools today. Drawing extensively on previously unexplored archival sources, Clarke uncovers and contextualizes the movement's controversial origins and contradictions.

Within the fields of design and environmental studies, Papanek is celebrated as a guru of alternative economics and progressive design. Yet Clarke overturns the notion that socially responsible and sustainable design emerged from the counterculture and alternative politics of the late 1960s and 1970s. Instead, she exposes its roots in the late Cold War technocratic culture and policies of US military and development interventionism. She examines the shift away from industrial design as an expression of industrial rationalism toward flawed attempts at humanitarian intervention through quasi-anthropological approaches and design strategies aimed at the socially and culturally excluded. She also casts a critical light on the current social design movement by revealing the macropolitics and neocolonial history in which it is embedded.
Right inferior frontal gyrus implements motor inhibitory control via beta-band oscillations in humans
Authors: Schaum Michael , Pinzuti Edoardo , Sebastian Alexandra , Lieb Klaus , Fries Pascal , Mobascher Arian , Jung Patrick , Wibral Michael , Tüscher Oliver
Published: March 2021

Motor inhibitory control implemented as response inhibition is an essential cognitive function required to dynamically adapt to rapidly changing environments. Despite over a decade of research on the neural mechanisms of response inhibition, it remains unclear, how exactly response inhibition is initiated and implemented. Using a multimodal MEG/fMRI approach in 59 subjects, our results reliably reveal that response inhibition is initiated by the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) as a form of attention-independent top-down control that involves the modulation of beta-band activity. Furthermore, stopping performance was predicted by beta-band power, and beta-band connectivity was directed from rIFG to pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), indicating rIFG’s dominance over pre-SMA. Thus, these results strongly support the hypothesis that rIFG initiates stopping, implemented by beta-band oscillations with potential to open up new ways of spatially localized oscillation-based interventions.
Relación entre la muerte y el ingreso a cuidados intensivos de pacientes pediátricos con bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus adquirido en la comunidad, 2014-2017
Authors: Pantoja Freddy Israel , Ricaurte Willinton Robert , Rosero Diana Elizabeth
Published: March 2021

Introducción. La bacteriemia por Staphylococcus aureus adquirida en la comunidad (SAAC) es una condición frecuente en pediatría que, además, constituye un problema de salud pública por las altas tasas de morbimortalidad y de resistencia bacteriana.Objetivos. Analizar los factores relacionados con la muerte y el ingreso a cuidados intensivos de pacientes menores de 18 años con bacteriemia por SA-AC que ingresaron al Hospital Infantil Los Ángeles de Pasto, Colombia, entre el 2014 y el 2017.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal. Se analizaron 86 pacientes con bacteriemia por SA-AC que cumplían los criterios de inclusión en el estudio utilizando un modelo multivariado de regresión logística.Resultados. El 25,6 % de los 86 pacientes falleció y el 40,7 % ingresó a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. La resistencia a la meticilina fue de 52,3 %. Los focos principales de infección fueron los tejidos blandos, el sistema osteoarticular y el respiratorio. El 32,6 % de los pacientes provenía de la zona del Pacífico de Nariño. Las etnias predominantes fueron la mestiza y la indígena. Entre los indígenas hubo mayor mortalidad que entre mestizos y afrocolombianos. En el análisis multivariado de la variable de muerte, se registró significación de la endocarditis (odds ratio, OR ajustado=20; IC95%1,5-254; p=0,02); no se registró significación estadística en cuanto al ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos.Conclusiones. La bacteriemia por SA-AC determinó altas tasas de mortalidad e ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Las cepas resistentes representaron el 52,3 %, y la resistencia a la meticilina desembocó en una mayor mortalidad, aunque la mortalidad con cepas sensibles también fue considerable. La endocarditis fue responsable de una mortalidad bastante elevada. Se debe ajustar el tratamiento empírico cuando se sospeche bacteriemia por SA-AC.
Inserción “velamentosa”, encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica y rehabilitación neurológica: reporte de caso
Authors: Úsuga María José , Jaramillo Gloria Alejandra , Palacio Valentina , Correa Sergio Andrés , Suárez-Escudero Juan Camilo
Published: March 2021

La encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica es una causa frecuente e importante de daño neurológico en recién nacidos a término y prematuros. Un evento centinela de esta condición es la vasa previa, específicamente cuando existe anormalidad de la placenta como la inserción “velamentosa” del cordón umbilical. Algunos reportes evidencian la asociación entre estas dos condiciones, pero son escasos los que dan cuenta del proceso de recuperación y del pronóstico neurológico de los niños afectados por ellas. Se presenta el caso de un paciente, con antecedentes de inserción “velamentosa” del cordón umbilical y encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica, que recibió hipotermia terapéutica (cool cap). Se describe su proceso de rehabilitación neurológica y se calculó el porcentaje de probabilidad de presentar esta condición frente a la población sin estos factores. El niño tenía cinco años y el puntaje en su prueba de Apgar fue de 0 al minuto y de 2 a los 15 minutos.Desarrolló encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica grave secundaria a una inserción “velamentosa” del cordón umbilical sin diagnóstico prenatal, con gran compromiso neurológico y multisistémico inicial. El proceso de recuperación incluyó el manejo inicial multidisciplinario en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales y el inicio temprano de habilitación neurológica.Hoy el niño está escolarizado y en terapia integral, no presenta deficiencias motoras ni sensoriales en el examen físico, aunque la prueba neuropsicológica sugiere un riesgo de trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad. Habitualmente, los niños con encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica grave presentan discapacidad por deficiencias motoras, cognitivas o conductuales.
ITS secondary structure reconstruction to resolve taxonomy and phylogeny of the Betula L. genus
Authors: Tarieiev Andrii S. , Gailing Oliver , Krutovsky Konstantin V.
Published: March 2021

The taxonomy and phylogeny of the Betula L. genus remain unresolved and are very difficult to assess due to several factors, especially because of frequent hybridization among different species. In the current study, we used nucleotide sequences of two internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2), which are commonly used as phylogenetic markers. In addition to their nucleotide variation we reconstructed their secondary structure and used it to resolve phylogenetic relationships of some birch species. We explored whether consideration of secondary structure in phylogenetic analyses based on neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods would help us obtain more solid support of the reconstructed phylogenetic trees. The results were not unambiguous. There were only a few clades with higher support when secondary structure was included into analysis. The phylogenetic trees generated using different methods were mostly in agreement with each other. However, the resolving power of these markers is still insufficient to reliably discriminate some closely related species. To achieve this aim more reliably there is a need for application of modern genomic approaches in combination with traditional ones.