bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Öğrenci Hemşirelerin Genel Kliniklerde Konsültasyon-Liyezon Psikiyatrisi Hemşireliğine Yönelik Belirledikleri Hemşirelik Tanılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KAÇMAZ Elif Deniz , TEKTAŞ Pınar
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma, öğrenci hemşirelerin psikiyatri hemşireliği uygulaması kapsamında genel kliniklerde bakım verdikleri hastalara ilişkin belirledikleri hemşirelik tanılarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Retrospektif tanımlayıcı tipte gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmanın evrenini bir devlet üniversitesinin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik bölümü 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim döneminde, psikiyatri hemşireliği uygulaması dersini alan 75 öğrenci, örneklemi ise uygulama sonunda bakım planı dosyası teslim eden 72 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler, öğrencilerin uygulama dersi sonunda teslim ettikleri bakım planları incelenerek toplanmıştır. Hemşirelik tanıları, Gordon’un Fonksiyonel Sağlık Örüntülerine göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmada Gordon’un Fonksiyonel Sağlık Örüntüleri ’ne göre “2015-2017 Kuzey Amerika Hemşirelik Tanıları Birliği (NANDA) hemşirelik tanıları incelendiğinde, 11 örüntüde 49 farklı olmak üzere toplam 495 hemşirelik tanısı saptanmıştır. Gordon’un Fonksiyonel Sağlık Örüntülerine göre, öğrencilerin %20.4’ü “beslenme-metabolik durum”, %19.6’si “kendini algılama” ve %13.7’si “bilişsel algılama” alanlarında tanı belirlemiştir. Öğrencilerin “inanç ve değerler” alanında hiç tanı belirlemediği saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin, belirledikleri en yaygın NANDA hemşirelik tanılarının, enfeksiyon riski (%10.3), uyku örüntüsünde bozulma (%8.7), akut ağrı (%8.7), anksiyete (%8.5), düşme riski (%7.7) olduğu saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Öğrencilerin sıklıkla belirledikleri tanıların bakım verdikleri bireyin fizyolojik alanına ilişkin olduğu, bütüncül hemşirelik bakımı sağlayacak yeterlikte tanı belirleyemedikleri saptanmıştır. Psikiyatri hemşireliği uygulaması kapsamında konsültasyon ve liyezon psikiyatrisi uygulaması yapan öğrencilerin hastaları bütüncül değerlendirebilmeleri açısında vaka çalışmalarının arttırılmasının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Thoughts and Emotions of Pregnant Women in the Period of COVID-19 in Turkey: A Qualitative Study
Authors: YILMAZ Büşra , MECDİ KAYDIRAK Meltem , HOTUN ŞAHİN Nevin
Published: October 2023

Objective: This phenomenological study was performed to thoroughly examine the experiences of healthy pregnant women during COVID-19.
Method: The sample consisted of 20 pregnant women who were older than 18 years, could use remote access applications such as video conferencing applications, had no communication problems and voluntarily agreed to participate. Each interview lasted approximately 45 minutes. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect information about the sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics of pregnant women and their feelings and thoughts about pregnancy during the pandemic process.
Results: The pregnant women were found to experience intense sorrow, stress, and fear. The uncertainty regarding the diagnosis, treatment of the disease and when the pandemic would end concerned all pregnant women. The results indicated that the support of partners, family and friends had a key role in coping with the intense concerns and fears that were experienced.
Conclusion: Most pregnant women stated that they paid great importance to the measures they took against COVID-19 and that these measures adversely effected their mental health and the mental health of their families.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Cinsel Mitlere İnanma Düzeyi ile Kadına Yönelik Namus Anlayışı Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: DUMAN Rukiye , DİNÇ KAYA Hüsniye , GÜNAYDIN Sevil
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Üniversite öğrencilerinin cinsel mitlere inanma düzeyi ile kadına yönelik namus anlayışı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı desene sahip çalışma Eylül- Kasım 2022 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklemini güç analizi sonucunda çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü ve dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 361 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Çalışma verilerinin toplanmasında literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Kadına İlişkin Namus Anlayışı Tutum Ölçeği (KİNATÖ) ve Cinsel Mitler Ölçeği (CMÖ) kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları 20.18±2.19 yıl olarak bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin %85.3’ünün kadın olup %71.5’i cinsellik ile ilgili bilgi almıştır. Ayrıca %77.8’i cinsel deneyim yaşamamış olup %55.1’i evlilik öncesi cinsel deneyimin yaşanmaması gerektiğini düşünmektedir. Öğrencilerin CMÖ puan ortalamaları 57.48±15.31; KİNATÖ 108.19±14.22'dir. Evlilik öncesi cinsel deneyim yaşanabileceğini düşünen öğrencilerin KİNATÖ toplam puanları anlamlı olarak daha yüksek (p
Opinion on open-science practices and the importance of scientists’ information literacy skills in context of open science at the university of Rijeka, Croatia – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Golenko Dejana , Arh Evgenia , Bazdaric Ksenija
Published: October 2023

Background: Although opinions of scientists about open access and the importance of their skills in information literacy have been investigated earlier but not, to our knowledge, of those in Croatia.

Objective: The objective was to analyse the opinions on open access and on open-science practices before implementing open-science policies.

Methods: Scientists at the University of Rijeka (N = 1256) were invited to complete, anonymously, an online questionnaire on open science (Google Forms) in 2020 and their responses were analysed.

Results: Altogether 192 participants (a response rate 15%) were involved in this study, of which 110 (57%) were women. The mean age of the participants was 42 years (stand-ard deviation 11). The participants pursued careers in biomedical (37%), social (31%), or technical (14%) sciences; 20% were early-career researchers or postdoctoral research-ers, and 80% held the rank of assistant professor or higher. Most of them (88%) agreed that journals should be open access and 77% said they would choose the open-access journal if they had to choose between two journals with similar impact factors. Most (83%) considered publishing fees (article processing charges) to be too high; fewer than half (45%) considered the impact factor to be more important than open access; and 28% believed open access journals to be of lower quality. Nearly three-fourths (74%) had published at least one article in an open access journal, and 45%, without paying any fee. Only a few (10.9%) archived their articles in institutional or national repositories; more than a quarter (27%), on their web pages; and close to half (43%), on their social networks. To obtain papers not available to read online, more than half (56%) used Sci-Hub; slightly more than half (51%) wrote to the authors; 40% asked col-leagues for help; and 35% approached a librarian.

Conclusions: Most of the scientists in our study were in favour of open access but con-sidered the publication fees to be too high. Their archiving was inadequate: few used any institutional or national repositories. Therefore, the scientists need to be more information literate and require guidance and help from librarians and will benefit from training in information literacy including the principles of open access.
Extemporaneous preparation of paediatric oral formulations with sildenafil citrate
Authors: Dimitrov Milen , Georgieva Dilyana , Petkova Valentina
Published: October 2023

The paediatric population is composed of several very different subgroups, each with its own specific characteristics. For this reason, children cannot be considered “small adults”. The development of formulations suitable for children is a complex process, as it must consider the physiological changes that occur during childhood and the impact they have on the absorption of drugs. Sildenafil citrate is a drug with a narrow therapeutic index used in paediatrics to treat pulmonary hypertension. In the present work, technological approaches for extemporaneous preparation of paediatric oral forms containing sildenafil citrate for personalized therapy in children were studied. The prepared formulations were tested for physical and microbiological stability, in-use stability, and determination of active substance content. All tested oral formulations remained unchanged in terms of appearance during the entire period of stability monitoring at the selected storage conditions – room temperature 25 °C ± 5 °C and in a refrigerator at 5 °C ± 2 °C. The established pH values suggest that the formulations remained chemically stable during the stability study. The content of sildenafil citrate in all prepared oral formulations remained above 95% w/v. The microbiological quality of the prepared compositions was confirmed. Rational strategies for preparation of extemporaneous formulations were proposed based on the analysis of experimental data.
Cryptotermes pugnus (Blattodea, Isoptera, Kalotermitidae), a new drywood termite species from the Brazilian Caatinga dry forest and key to South American Cryptotermes Banks, 1909
Authors: Scheffrahn Rudolf H. , Vasconcellos Alexandre
Published: October 2023

A new termite species, Cryptotermes pugnussp. nov., is described from northeastern Brazil. The winged imago of C. pugnus is distinguished from most congeners by the lack of arolia and the multiple branches connecting the median vein to the radial sector. The soldier is unique among South American Cryptotermes by its cuboidal head capsule and very rugose postclypeus. The new species constitutes the fourteenth Cryptotermes species on the continent for which we provide a key to soldiers.
First record of the genus Passiena (Araneae, Lycosidae) from China, with the first description of the male of P. spinicrus Thorell, 1890 from Malaysia
Authors: Tan Bing , Irfan Muhammad , Zhang Zhi-Sheng , Wang Lu-Yu
Published: October 2023

The genus Passiena is recorded for the first time from China with Passiena duanisp. nov. (♂♀) from Guangxi described here. In addition, the male of P. spinicrus Thorell, 1890 is described for the first time based on a specimen from Malaysia and colour photographs of freshly collected material are also presented. Detailed morphological descriptions, photographs, genital illustrations, and a distribution map for the two species are provided.
Febrile Seizures
Authors: Biltz Samantha , Speltz Laura
Published: October 2023

Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common cause of pediatric seizures. They are defined as seizures in children age 6 months to 5 years with a temperature higher than 100.4°F, although they are more common at higher temperatures. A family history of FS is the most common risk factor. FSs are classified into three types (simple, complex, or febrile status epilepticus) based on duration and quality, with simple FSs accounting for many cases. Most FSs persist for less than 10 minutes and are self-limiting. Approximately one-third of patients will have recurrence of FSs. Safe and effective prophylaxis for FS has yet to be identified. Most patients will not have any long-term sequelae, although there is an increased risk of epilepsy, particularly for those with febrile status epilepticus. FSs are associated with caregiver anxiety, “fever phobia,” and high health care use, emphasizing the importance of education and reassurance for both the provider and family.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(10):e388–e393.]
Race-Based Medicine Is Racist
Authors: DeZure Chandani
Published: October 2023

Race is a social construct and cannot be used as a biological proxy, inherently making race-based medicine racist. Given the history of slavery in the United States, there are deep-rooted racist laws and policies that have impacted the health of families and children of color for centuries. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has come to acknowledge its racist past and promised a more equitable future for children and its organization. White physicians from the days of slavery created false myths regarding biological differences between races to strengthen their argument for keeping the institution of slavery — some of which are still in use today. It is vital to the health of future generations of this country that there be a shift to practicing race-conscious medicine and addressing the social determinants of health that are responsible for inequitable care. Pediatricians can play a significant role in ensuring health care equity for children now and in the future.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2023;52(10):e365–e367.]
Multifunctional farm advisory services in promoting change in agricultural systems: The case of Campania region of Italy
Authors: De Rosa Marcello , Olivieri Giuseppina , Menna Concetta , Gandolfi Ferdinando , Giudice Teresa Del
Published: October 2023

Entrepreneurial contexts may be marked by the presence of a 'cultural environment' that stimulates knowledge and innovation adoption, while other contexts may act as barriers toward change and innovation. Moreover, multiple paths of multifunctional agriculture bring about a call for "multifunctional farm advisory services" (MFAS), which consider both private and public goods provided by the farming sector. Set against the background of multiple roles of agriculture, how to identify sound and pertinent knowledge becomes of paramount, to specify the roles of agricultural extensionists and the mechanisms of governance of MFAS within the setting up of the Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation System (AKIS). Our aim of the study is either to analyze attitudes toward the privatization of extension services within a predominantly public system of regional governance and to identify advisors' profile and their suitability with the modern vision of multifunctional agriculture through the emergence of MFAS. Empirical analysis evidences the presence of a diversified set of advisory services with different degrees of coherence with the multifunctional agricultural model. Also, the more advisory services are oriented towards empowering multifunctional agriculture the less the propensity towards their privatization. The cluster analysis has demonstrated a relatively good advisor's capability to deal with the new demands of multifunctional agriculture. The idea of MFAS has important theoretical implications that the paper tries to excavate through the analysis of the mechanisms of governance (public/private) and the identification of the advisors' profile facing the growing complexity of the farming sector, grounded on multifunctional agriculture. The study tries to fill a gap in the literature, by providing an original contribution to modeling the profile of advisors in charge of supporting the transition towards multifunctionality.
Old Edifices, New Uses: Three Residential Buildings of a Romanian Aristocratic Family and Their Destiny after 1930
Authors: Marin Barutcieff Silvia
Published: October 2023

The paper examines how three residential buildings, edified in Romania in medieval and early modern times by the members of the Golescu family, were repurposed during the 20th and 21st centuries, that is, before, during and after the Romanian communist period. It considers the social and political circumstances in which the analysed examples of the Golescu residential buildings have changed owners, appearance and function during the last 80 years.
The Stateless Nation’s Elite: Artistic Collections of Polish Aristocracy, 1795–1918
Authors: Kłudkiewicz Kamila , Mencfel Michał
Published: October 2023

The article aims to investigate aristocratic collecting practices in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 19th century, focusing on three points. First, we highlight the specific situation of the Polish aristocracy compared to most European countries and note the weakness of collecting culture in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the early modern period, followed by its slow emergence at the end of the 18th century. Then, we investigate the most important phenomena of 19th-century aristocratic collecting and distinguish two major trends within it: collecting art and collecting national memorabilia. We also highlight the importance of aristocratic collections for a stateless nation. Finally, to illustrate the overview, using a specific example to underline the key issues, we discuss the collections of Princes Czartoryski. In this essay, we summarize our previous research on the collections of Polish aristocracy and provide, for the first time, a comprehensive and systematic panorama of this phenomenon.
The Molin Collection Between the Old and New Regime
Authors: Candeago Arianna
Published: October 2023

Starting from the cross-analysis of printed texts, manuscripts and works of art preserved in the city’s museums, the essay reflects on the impact that the political, social and cultural upheavals triggered by the fall of the Serenissima had on the taste of the conservative Venetian nobility. In particular, it examines the case of Girolamo Ascanio Molin (1736–1814), a politician, scholar and writer who, between the late 18th and early 19th century, built an extensive collection, whose physiognomy evolved according to the historical context, the frequentations of the senator, the opportunities provided by art markets and the self-representation strategies adopted by the patriciate in response to the New Regime.
Ca’ Rezzonico in the 19th Century: The Dispersal of its Collections and the New Uses of the Palace
Authors: Paruzzo Valeria
Published: October 2023

In the wider phenomenon of the reception and readaptation of aristocratic architectural heritage in post-revolutionary Europe, the repurposing of former aristocratic palaces in Venice after the Fall of the Serenissima in 1797 constitutes a preeminent example. The paper takes as a case study Ca’ Rezzonico, one of the most splendid palaces along the Grand Canal, which has housed, since 1936, the illustrious Museum of 18th-century Venice (Museo del Settecento veneziano). After the Rezzonico family died out in 1810, the palace was gradually stripped of its art historical treasures and has served the most diverse purposes. From being the seat of the Austrian Tobacco Administration to housing dealers’ galleries, from hosting the ateliers of stage designers and international painters to being the home of renowned intellectuals and aesthetes, Ca’ Rezzonico’s rooms and walls have witnessed the profound changes in art, taste, and culture that rang through Europe during the long 19th century. The paper offers a comprehensive recon struction of the palace’s 19th-century history, drawing from both published and unpublished sources.
“In the Appropriate Setting”: Continuity and Context in the Alba Collection in Liria Palace (1931–1957)
Authors: Dennis Whitney
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a comparison of the exhibition of art in the Duke of Alba’s original Liria Palace in 1931, which was destroyed in the Spanish Civil War in 1936, with a later exhibition in the reconstructed Liria Palace in 1957. It examines what is known of the original Liria Palace’s exhibition of art, as well as the history of those spaces, and compare it with the reconstructed Liria Palace. It also reflects on the significance of the role the art collection played in the reconstruction process. The exhibition of the Alba collection in the reconstructed Liria Palace formed part of the Duke’s strategies for perpetuating social distinction in the 20th century by preserving collective family memory, manifesting continuity, and imbuing the collection with unique meaning through the contextualization in this private setting.
A Learning Health-Care System for Improving Renal Health Services in Peru Using Data Analytics
Authors: Mita Vielka , Castillo Liliana , Castillo-Sequera José Luis , Wong Lenis
Published: October 2023

The health sector around the world faces the continuous challenge of improving the services provided to patients. Therefore, digital transformation in health services plays a key role in integrating new technologies such as artificial intelligence. However, the health system in Peru has not yet taken the big step towards digitising its services, currently ranking 71st according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). This article proposes a learning health system for the management and monitoring of private health services in Peru based on the three key components of intelligent health care: (1) a health data platform (HDP); (2) intelligent technologies (IT); and (3) an intelligent health care suite (HIS). The solution consists of four layers: (1) data source, (2) data warehousing, (3) data analytics, and (4) visualization. In layer 1, all data sources are selected to create a database. The proposed learning health system is built, and the data storage is executed through the extract, transform and load (ETL) process in layer 2. In layer 3, the Kaggle dataset and the decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF) algorithms are used to predict the diagnosis of disease, resulting in the RF algorithm having the best performance. Finally, in layer 4, the intelligent health-care suite dashboards and interfaces are designed. The proposed system was applied in a clinic focused on preventing chronic kidney disease. A total of 100 patients and six kidney health experts participated. The results proved that the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease by the learning health system had a low error rate in positive diagnoses (err = 1.12%). Additionally, it was demonstrated that experts were “satisfied” with the dashboards and interfaces of the intelligent health-care suite as well as the quality of the learning health system.
Diagnosis of Osteoporosis Using Transfer Learning in the Same Domain
Authors: Z. Mohammed Abdulkareem , Loay E. George
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a system for diagnosing osteoporosis using x-rays by leveraging transfer learning in the same domain. The proposed system consists of phase 1 and phase 2; each phase includes several stages, as the pre-processing stage appropriately prepares the source image via noise reduction by the average filter, contrast enhancement using histogram equalization, and obtaining the region of interest by employing K-mean and edge detection, followed by the smudging stage through a mean filter with a large window size, which subsequently contributed to facilitating the diagnosis. The stages mentioned in both phases are similar. In phase 1, the model is trained on a large unlabeled x-ray dataset collected from different orthopedic centers to identify the general features of the image. In phase 2, fine-tune the trained model with the target dataset; this approach is beneficial when the target task has limited labeled data or when training a model from scratch is computationally expensive. It is worth noting that two datasets were used as target datasets. The accuracy of diagnosing osteoporosis using the proposed deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model was 94.5 with the osteoporosis knee x-ray database (Dataset A). The accuracy of diagnosing osteoporosis using transfer learning in the same field was 98.91 when training the proposed DCNN model with a large unlabeled dataset and fine-tuning with the target database, osteoporosis knee x-ray database (Dataset A). The accuracy of diagnosing osteoporosis using the proposed DCNN model was 91.5 with the knee x-ray osteoporosis database (Dataset B). The accuracy of diagnosing osteoporosis using transfer learning in the same field was 96.61 when training the proposed DCNN model with a large unlabeled dataset and fine-tuning with the target knee x-ray osteoporosis database (Dataset B).
Discriminative Approach Lung Diseases and COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks: A Promising Approach for Accurate Diagnosis
Authors: Benradi Hicham , Bouganssa Issam , Chater Ahmed , Lasfar Abdelali
Published: October 2023

Medical imaging treatment is one of the best-known computer science disciplines. It can be used to detect the presence of several diseases such as skin cancer and brain tumors, and since the arrival of the coronavirus (COVID-19), this technique has been used to alleviate the heavy burden placed on all health institutions and personnel, given the high rate of spread of this virus in the population. One of the problems encountered in diagnosing people suspected of having contracted COVID-19 is the difficulty of distinguishing symptoms due to this virus from those of other diseases such as influenza, as they are similar. This paper proposes a new approach to distinguishing between lung diseases and COVID-19 by analyzing chest x-ray images using a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture. To achieve this, pre-processing was carried out on the dataset using histogram equalization, and then we trained two sub-datasets from the dataset using the Train et Test, the first to be used in the training phase and the second to be used in the model validation phase. Then a CNN architecture composed of several convolution layers and fully connected layers was deployed to train our model. Finally, we evaluated our model using two different metrics: the confusion matrix and the receiver operating characteristic. The simulation results recorded are satisfactory, with an accuracy rate of 96.27%.
Deep Learning Approach for Detecting Cardiovascular Arrhythmias in Seven Lead ECG Signal from Holter
Authors: Omar Hashim Yahya  , Vladimir Vitalievich Alekseev  , Denis Vyacheslavovich Lakomov  , Olga Vladimirovna Fomina  , Irina Sergeevna Iskevich  , Elena Alexandrovna Frolova  , Elena Yurievna Kutimova
Published: October 2023

Cardiac arrhythmias are abnormalities caused by irregularities in the heart’s electrical conduction system. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been identified as the leading cause of death worldwide. Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is one of these diseases. It is an arrhythmia that can be linked to a several heart diseases that affect between 40% and 75% of the population. Ventricular bigeminy occurs when one or two premature beats are detected on an electrocardiogram when there is ventricular contraction between two normal heartbeats or trigeminy. The appearance of ventricular bigeminy or trigeminy rhythms is related to angina. Myocardial infarction, hypertension, and congestive heart failure are also possible conditions. Based on deep learning, this paper proposes creating a robust approach for automatically detecting and classifying cardiovascular arrhythmias in long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings from halters based on deep learning (DL). We present a convolutional neural network (CNN) and long-short-time memory (LSTM) model that identifies cardiovascular arrhythmias. We have designed and implemented the proposed model using Python. The model was trained and validated on a database that includes a total of 17 long-recorded ECG signals (24 h) from 17 subjects, which were obtained from Yfa Hospital. The signals were recorded with seven leads holter. The CNN classifier achieved an accuracy of 91.14% as a final result, validated through a 10-fold cross-validation. Moreover, the proposed model was found to be capable of analyzing ECG recordings to classify multiple cardiovascular arrhythmias in the ECG record signals efficiently.
The Remote Experiment in the Light of the Learning Theories
Authors: Samoila Cornel , Ursutiu Doru , Munteanu Florin
Published: October 2023

The interference of technology in education requires the development of new theories of learning. The paper analyzes connectivism as the most important representative of the theories related to the “digital age.” From the point of view of the environment, called a remote experiment, learning occurs initially at the individual level, encompassing all three classic theories of learning: behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. It shows that the virtual environment has introduced a powerful lever of imbalance for the real environment. This is how we arrived at the explanation of learning theories in real-virtual environments through the theory of chaos or complex environments. Like any knowledge storage network with nodes between which connections can be made, even the remote experiment is subject to random laws. The addition of knowledge is not simply the sum of the effects produced by each individual node (the system is not linear). A distinction is made between information and knowledge. Even if the information in the nodes can be read, this aspect does not represent learning. The remote experiment not only expanded the realm of knowledge but also emphasized the critical role of time. The time remained constant, while the amount of information increased. The teacher, as a knowledge synthesizer, can help orient the student to this vast amount of information, especially when time is limited. Additionally, the student can also play an active role in organizing and systematizing the information. Two examples of experiments are given, which, being inter- and transdisciplinary, can contribute to the introduction of the elements of non-linearity and unpredictability as a method of designing the educational environment, precisely to be able to transform it into a thinking system suitable for the mixture between real and virtual environments in which we live more and more intensely.
Entomopathogenic Nematodes for the Control of Insect Pests, as Well as Insect Pathogens for the Control of Plant Pathogenic Nematodes
Authors: Alfy Hanan , Malak Marian
Published: October 2023

Infection by entomopathogen nematodes (EPN) occurs by an infectious juvenile that establishes itself in the body cavity of an insect and suppresses the immune response of the insect. Temperature variations and desiccation are the main abiotic factors affecting EPN survival, and UV light destroys EPNs more quickly than chemical insecticides. Spraying directly on the soil surface is the most powerful strategy for applying EPNs. IJs enter the insect body through natural pores and produce hydrolytic enzymes. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been shown to have a variety of impacts on insect immunology, including the destruction of hemocytes, the destruction of proteins that recognize nematodes, and the disruption of prophenoloxidase activation. The mode of action of bacteria inside the nematodes has been discovered through extensive Bt strain screening and cry gene sequencing. Cry proteins can enter nematodes through the stylet and create lytic holes in their cell membranes. LPS has an antagonistic action against nematodes.
Information War as a Result of the Information-Technological Revolution
Authors: Mikiashvili Salome
Published: October 2023

In the chapter, different aspects related to the information war and cyber warfare of Russia-Ukraine war and the China-Taiwan relations are analyzed. In general, information warfare (WW) (as opposed to cyber warfare, which attacks computers, software, and control systems) is a concept that includes the use of combat space and the management of information and communication technologies (ICT) to achieve the goal. Information warfare is the manipulation of information trusted by the target, without the knowledge of the target, so that the target makes decisions against its interests but in the interests of the one who wages the information war. As a result, it is not clear when the information war begins and ends and how strong or destructive it is.
The Fifth Space of Military Action and Confrontation
Authors: Chitadze Nika
Published: October 2023

The concept of fifth dimension operations is conceptually based on adding the five-dimensional, holistic approach to warfare that uses the three dimensions of land, sea, and aerospace but also incorporates the temporal and cyber dimensions of warfare. In more recent times, the concept of fifth dimensional operations, as a concept under military operations, has taken a wider scope than its original information operations background, focusing on the advanced space-time manipulating capabilities cyberspace offers. This development was begun as early as 1996 in regards to advanced battlespace and cybermaneuver concepts.
War in Ukraine and US
Authors: Kervalishvili Irakli
Published: October 2023

The chapter reviews the main aspects of the Russia-Ukraine war on the example of the information policy carried out within the framework of the mentioned war between the USA and Russia. In particular, the information policy of the US on the one hand, which is aimed at protecting the independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine and providing democracy enlargement, and on the other, the disinformation policy of Russia, which aims to mislead the international and primarily the Russian public, are discussed.
Russian Aggressive Cyber-Policy During Russia-Ukraine War
Authors: Chukhua Ilona
Published: October 2023

The most important details in this text are that Russia could make a military impact through cyber operations, but this was not exposed due to limitations created for Russia, the protection system of Ukraine, and support from partners. Russian cyber strategies and objectives regarding Ukraine have been addressed in the same direction as Ukraine space, and the method of collection of intelligence was the main objective for Moscow in the process of the Russia-Ukraine war, but it also had minimal benefits for the aggressor. Additionally, Russia appears to rely on non-cyber sources of target intelligence, despite previous thoughts which said that Russia used malware against the Ukrainian positions. In general, cyber-policy has both positive and negative sides, but it has a very negative impact in the case of Russia's war against Ukraine.
China's Cyber Security Policy and the Democratic World
Authors: Kervalishvili Irakli
Published: October 2023

In the modern world, transferring data into digital format, electronic commerce, social media, and receiving public services through online platforms are very relevant. The more states become dependent on cyberspace, the more reasons and means hostile actors have for cyberattacks, stealing and distorting information, and paralyzing systems. We must keep in mind that cyber security is not only about computer programming and information technology. Cyber security is a vital part of national security, as cyber-attacks target people, public opinion, and public and business sectors. China is indeed quite an aggressive cyber actor, but there is another, non-democratic state that has much greater economic-technological resources, ambition, and aspiration for cyber expansionism.
Combining Blockchain With Value Stream Mapping for Production Process Improvement
Authors: Hop Van Nguyen , Lam Hoang Nguyen
Published: October 2023

In this work, the authors design a combined system of blockchain and value stream mapping (BVSM) to monitor and improve production processes. The proposed blockchain value stream mapping (BVSM) system not only captures real-time performance but also helps to improve the performance of the manufacturing process. The transparent, immutable, decentralized, and accurate blockchain information is transferred to the value stream mapping (VSM) system to reflect dynamically the status of the manufacturing process. All changes in the production process are continuously monitored to help managers quickly make appropriate improvement decisions. Two case studies of a garment company in Vietnam and a JCB factory in India from a reference are used to illustrate the implementation of the proposed BVSM system.
Process-Oriented Model for Managing Software Development Projects Using the PRINCE2 Method
Authors: Kous Katja
Published: October 2023

This chapter focuses on the process-oriented model for software development using the PRINCE2 method, and it is divided into two primary parts. The first part offers a theoretical overview of project management, encompassing project definition, the definition and classification of project management, including the characteristics of both traditional and agile project management. Additionally, within this part, the process of software development and the key characteristics of PRINCE2 are presented, including the description of the processes defined by the mentioned method. The second part of the chapter is dedicated to integrating the software development process with the PRINCE2 processes. The constructed process-oriented model includes the nine phases with both the PRINCE2 processes and software development processes intertwined. Based on a critical review of the usefulness of the integration model, the advantages and disadvantages are presented. This well-structured model can significantly contribute to the successful management of software projects.
Towards Achieving a Sustainable Lean Transformation
Authors: Osman Azim Azuan , Noor Kamar Ahmad Nazif , Rahamadulla Syed Radzi
Published: October 2023

Toyota Motor's success as a global brand automobile manufacturer has inspired manufacturing organizations worldwide to pursue lean transformation. However, a lack of understanding of lean sustainability hampers their progress towards achieving true lean organization status like Toyota. Without proper measurement, the gains from lean improvements remain unknown, leading to inaccuracies in strategy deployment. This chapter aims to define sustainable lean transformation gains and propose indicators to measure them. Extensive literature review reveals the importance of tangible and intangible indicators. To validate the proposed measurements, a survey involving 7 lean experts and 92 practitioners was conducted. Data analysis utilized content validity index, inter-rater agreement, and measurement model analysis. The chapter concludes by suggesting research opportunities to enhance lean management knowledge.
Consumer Perception of Robotic Mobile Fulfillment Systems
Authors: Bentalha Badr
Published: October 2023

The chapter aims to understand customer perception after the introduction of robots in the robotic mobile fulfillment system (RMFS) storage areas for Amazon. Based on a netnographic analysis focused on the use of RMFS by the American company Amazon, the work is mainly aimed at improving our understanding of the performance of RMFS and the perception of this technology by customers of service companies in general and retail companies in particular. Improved productivity, reduced operation time, agility and flexibility, improved picking accuracy, optimal space utilization, cost of capital, and work ergonomics are the main motivations perceived and discussed by the virtual community behind the introduction of RMFS in Amazon's storage areas. Several risks of RMFS robotization are discussed based on the qualitative study conducted. Finally, a classification of the customers' perception of this new technology is made by distinguishing the variables of perceived usefulness and ease of use.
ChangeOps
Authors: Kanikani Isolde Genevieve
Published: October 2023

There is an overreliance on initiating change in the form of projects. This denies potential strategy, increases risk, and generally disrupts operational flow. With the introduction and recognition of more types of change comes the possibility to strategically harness the right type of change that is fit for purpose, and this is just a start to the potential cost saving that organisations can realise. Operational flow is the life blood of an organisation and the way it delivers value to customers. Too many interruptions will not only slow down flow but can stop it all together. This is not a sustainable possibility for an organisation or the smaller units that form it. Strategically using different types of change to increase flow brings a return on investment at the project level and a cumulative ROI overall as flow brought by ChangeOps increases across the organisation in an interlinked system of influence and output.
Innovation and ICT
Authors: Domazet Ivana S. , Marjanović Darko , Ahmetagić Deniz , Stantić Jadranka
Published: October 2023

The research carried out in the chapter aims to analyze the importance of innovation and ICT as key factors of successful business, that is, to what extent innovation and ICT influence the competitiveness and development of the digital economy in Serbia compared to other countries of the Western Balkans. The research covered the period from 2020 to 2022, while the methodological concept is based on descriptive analysis of secondary data from the World Economic Forum. The results obtained through the research explicitly show that the countries of the Western Balkans do not invest enough funds in the ICT sector, which has a negative impact on their further development and growth of macro-competitiveness. Compared to other countries of the Western Balkans, Serbia is progressing significantly faster in the field of digital transformation. Despite this, it still lags behind the EU countries when it comes to the adoption of ICT, infrastructure, and innovation systems.
Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure Progress Towards the Global Goals
Authors: Popescu Cristina Raluca Gh. , González Arturo Luque
Published: October 2023

These days, achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) through infrastructure development puts a particular emphasis, on the one hand, on the need to address current challenges and, on the other hand, on the obligation to focus on individuals' well-being and communities' success. Firstly, creating resilient infrastructure calls for the commitment to bring prosperity and stability all around the Globe, while centering on innovative sustainable technologies. Secondly, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization implicates immense efforts to support citizens' equal and universal access to information, reliable infrastructure, financial services, and markets. Thirdly, fostering creativity and encouraging innovation leads to enhanced use of successful scientific research results, while targeting efficient use of resources, clean and environmentally friendly technologies, and sustainable industrial processes. Hence, how can individuals and communities meet future challenges in terms of upgrading the industries and the infrastructure, while focusing on prosperity for all?
Analysis of pediatric outpatient visits uncovers disparities in molluscum contagiosum treatment across medical specialties in the United States
Authors: Rajalingam Karan , Chen Wei-Shen , Lin Ann
Published: October 2023

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral infection that affects the skin of children. This study compared demographic data and treatment patterns for MC patients across US medical specialties. Using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey database from 2000 to 2016, we found an average of 471,383 pediatric MC visits yearly. Most visits were made by Caucasians (91.0%) or non-Hispanics (82.9%). Pediatricians handled most cases (46.5%), followed by dermatologists (36.8%) and family medicine physicians (10.6%). Dermatologists saw more Caucasian patients (95% vs. 84%) and more patients with private insurance (83% vs. 73%) than pediatricians. Patients living in non-metropolitan areas were more likely to visit family medicine physicians (55.0%) than pediatricians (26.4%) or dermatologists (16.3%). Pediatricians favored spontaneous resolution (70%) over dermatologists (38%). Pediatricians mainly used terpenoids (12%), steroids (4%), and imiquimod (4%), while dermatologists preferred terpenoids (20%), imiquimod (12%), and curettage (10%). Pediatricians oversee most MC cases, but treatment strategies significantly differ from the best-practice guidelines.
Application of response surface methodology for optimisation of Cornelian cherry - Capia pepper leather dried in a heat pump drying system
Authors: Malçok Senanur Durgut , Karabacak Azime Özkan , Tunçkal Cüneyt , Tamer Canan Ece
Published: October 2023

The heat pump drying system was optimised for cornelian cherry-capia pepper leather production development using response surface methodology. The central composite design was used to optimise the process parameters in terms of drying time, coefficient of the performance of heat pump, coefficient of the performance of the whole system, specific moisture extracted ratio, energy consumption, drying rate and colour values. The optimal condition of independent variables was obtained as a cornelian cherry pulp concentration of 47.419% and drying temperature of 33.574°C with composite desirability of 0.846. Moreover, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) values of all runs were analysed. HMF was not determined in cornelian cherry-capia pepper leather. Deff values of cornelian cherry-capia pepper leather were between 1.026×10-9 - 1.532×10-9 m2s-1. The drying behaviour of cornelian cherry-capia pepper leather with optimal conditions acquired with the central composite design was evaluated with seven thin-layer drying models. The statistical parameters based on R2, root mean square of error and χ2 values were determined between 0.8267 to 0.9845, 0.004087 to 0.035626 and 0.000853 to 0.066247, respectively. Page and Modified Page models were assumed to represent the heat pump drying behaviour of the cornelian cherry-capia pepper leather in thin layers compared to the other models.
An efficient headland-turning navigation system for a safflower picking robot
Authors: Gao Guomin , Guo Hui , Zhang Jing , Zhang Zhenguo , Wu Tianlun , Lu Hao , Qiu Zhaoxin , Chen Haiyang , Lingxuan Zhen
Published: October 2023

This study proposes a navigation system for the headland autonomous turning of a safflower picking robot. The proposed system includes binocular cameras, differential satellites, and inertial sensors. The method of extracting the headland boundary line combining the hue, saturation, and value-fixed threshold segmentation method and random sample consensus algorithm and planning the headland-turning trajectory of a robot based on the multiorder Bezier curve are used as control methods. In addition, a headland-turning tracking model of a safflower picking robot is designed, and a path-tracking control algorithm is developed. A field test verifies the performance of the designed headland-turning navigation system. The test results show that the accuracy of the judgment result regarding the existence of a headland is higher than 96%. In headland boundary detection, the angle deviation is less than 1.5˚, and the depth value error is less than 50 mm. The headland-turning path tracking test result shows that at a turning speed of 0.5 km/h, the average lateral deviation is 37 mm, and the turning time is 24.2 seconds. Compared to the 1 km/h, the turning speed of 0.5 km/h provides a better trajectory tracking effect, but the turning time is longer. The test results verify that this navigation system can accurately extract the headland boundary line and can successfully realise the headland-turning path tracking of a safflower picking robot. The results presented in this study can provide a useful reference for the autonomous navigation of a field robot.