bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S2 from Socioeconomic Inequalities in Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Ontario, Canada: A Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Jalili Faramarz , Austin Nichole , Lavergne M. Ruth , Hajizadeh Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S2: Summary statistics of variables used in the study. This table presents summary statistics for the variables used in the study, reported separately for the total sample as well as for male and female samples.
Supplementary Table S2 from Incidence of Serious Complications following Screening Colonoscopy in Adults Ages 76 to 85 Years
Authors: Chubak Jessica , Ichikawa Laura E. , Merchant Sophie A. , Dalmat Ronit R. , Ziebell Rebecca A. , Jensen Christopher D. , Lee Jeffrey K. , Corley Douglas A. , Ghai Nirupa R. , Green Beverly B. , Skinner Celette Sugg , Schottinger Joanne E. , Breslau Erica S. , Levin Theodore R.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S2: Cumulative incidence (95% Confidence Intervals) for narrow analysis by follow-up time relative to screening colonoscopy
Supplementary Figure S1 from Socioeconomic Inequalities in Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Ontario, Canada: A Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Jalili Faramarz , Austin Nichole , Lavergne M. Ruth , Hajizadeh Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure S1: A graphical illustration of the Concentration Curve and its associated Concentration Index, depicting income-related inequality in CRC screening participation. The graph provides a visual example of a Concentration Curve for CRC screening. If the curve lies below (above) the line of perfect equality, the Concentration Index is positive (negative), indicating a higher concentration of CRC screening among wealthier (poorer) individuals.
Supplementary Table 2 from Significant Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity and Sociodemographic Factors
Authors: Patel Shyam , Khalili Mandana , Singal Amit G. , Pinheiro Paulo S. , Jones Patricia D. , Kim Rebecca G. , Kode Vishwajit , Thiemann Anna , Zhang Wei , Cheung Ramsey , Wong Robert J.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table 2 shows the results from the adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses evaluating for predictors of receipt of HCC treatment, stratified by race/ethnicity.
Supplementary Figure 1A-E from Significant Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity and Sociodemographic Factors
Authors: Patel Shyam , Khalili Mandana , Singal Amit G. , Pinheiro Paulo S. , Jones Patricia D. , Kim Rebecca G. , Kode Vishwajit , Thiemann Anna , Zhang Wei , Cheung Ramsey , Wong Robert J.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary figure 1A shows the overall 5-year survival of patients with HCC stratified by age groups. Supplementary figure 1B shows the overall 5-year survival of patients with HCC stratified by sex. Supplementary figure 1C shows the overall 5-year survival of patients with HCC stratified by race/ethnicity. Supplementary figure 1D shows the overall 5-year survival of patients with HCC stratified by geography. Supplementary figure 1E shows the overall 5-year survival of patients with HCC stratified by annual household income.
Supplementary Table S9 from Polygenic Risk Score, Healthy Lifestyle Score, and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shen Yuefan , Chen Weiwei , Fu Chengqu , Liu Xinyi , Miao Junyan , Li Jiacong , Li Ni , Hang Dong
Published: February 2025

Risk of incident colorectal cancer according to redefined lifestyle categories
Supplementary Table S6 from Polygenic Risk Score, Healthy Lifestyle Score, and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shen Yuefan , Chen Weiwei , Fu Chengqu , Liu Xinyi , Miao Junyan , Li Jiacong , Li Ni , Hang Dong
Published: February 2025

The stratified analysis for the effect of lifestyle on CRC risk by the family history of CRC
Figure S6 from CYP2D6 Phenotype and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Bias Analysis and Meta-Analysis
Authors: MacLehose Richard F. , Ahern Thomas P. , Collin Lindsay J. , Li Aixin , Lash Timothy L.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure S6: Inverse rank percentile plot.
Figure S5 from CYP2D6 Phenotype and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Bias Analysis and Meta-Analysis
Authors: MacLehose Richard F. , Ahern Thomas P. , Collin Lindsay J. , Li Aixin , Lash Timothy L.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure S5: Forest plot of IM vs NM phenotypes.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Polygenic Risk Score, Healthy Lifestyle Score, and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shen Yuefan , Chen Weiwei , Fu Chengqu , Liu Xinyi , Miao Junyan , Li Jiacong , Li Ni , Hang Dong
Published: February 2025

Effect of genetic and lifestyle factors on the risk of incident colorectal cancer stratified by median age. The cumulative incidence of colorectal cancer in low (quintile 1), intermediate (quintiles 2–4), and high (quintile 5) genetic risk groups in participants with age <62 years (A) and age ≥62 years (B), P for heterogeneity = 0.675. The cumulative incidence of colorectal cancer in participants who had a favorable lifestyle (adopted at least four healthy lifestyle factors), an intermediate lifestyle (adopted two or three healthy lifestyle factors), and an unfavorable lifestyle (adopted none or one healthy lifestyle factor) in participants with age <62 years (C) and age ≥62 years (D), P for heterogeneity = 0.970. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazards ratio.
Data from Significant Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity and Sociodemographic Factors
Authors: Patel Shyam , Khalili Mandana , Singal Amit G. , Pinheiro Paulo S. , Jones Patricia D. , Kim Rebecca G. , Kode Vishwajit , Thiemann Anna , Zhang Wei , Cheung Ramsey , Wong Robert J.
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities. We evaluated the impact of income and geography on racial/ethnic disparities across the HCC care cascade in the United States.
Methods:
Using NCI registry data spanning 2000 to 2020, adults with HCC were evaluated to determine race/ethnicity-specific differences in tumor stage at diagnosis, delays and gaps in treatment, and survival. Adjusted regression models evaluated predictors of HCC outcomes.
Results:
Among 112,389 adults with HCC, cohort characteristics were as follows: 49.8% non-Hispanic White (NHW), 12.0% African American(AA), 20.5% Hispanic, 16.5% Asian/Pacific Islander, and 1.1% American Indian/Alaska Native. Compared with NHW patients, AA patients had lower odds of localized-stage HCC at diagnosis [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.84], lower odds of HCC treatment receipt (aOR, 0.77), greater odds of treatment delays (aOR, 1.12), and significantly greater risk of death [adjusted hazards ratio (aHR), 1.10]. Compared with NHW patients from large metro areas, AA patients from large metro areas had 8% higher mortality risk (aHR, 1.08), whereas AA patients from small–medium metro areas had 17% higher mortality risk (aHR, 1.17; all P < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Among a population-based cohort of US adults with HCC, significant race/ethnicity-specific disparities across the HCC care continuum were observed. Lower household income and more rural geography among racial/ethnic minorities are also associated with disparities in HCC outcomes, particularly among AA patients.
Impact:
Our study shows that lower income and less urban/more rural geography among racial/ethnic minorities are also associated with disparities in HCC outcomes, particularly among AA patients with HCC. This contextualizes the complex relationship between sociodemographic factors and HCC outcomes through an intersectional lens.
Data from CYP2D6 Phenotype and Breast Cancer Outcomes: A Bias Analysis and Meta-Analysis
Authors: MacLehose Richard F. , Ahern Thomas P. , Collin Lindsay J. , Li Aixin , Lash Timothy L.
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground:
We evaluated the impact of systematic bias due to loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and incomplete phenotyping in studies examining the relationship between CYP2D6 variants and breast cancer recurrence among women treated with tamoxifen.
Methods:
We performed a systematic review of the literature on tamoxifen, CYP2D6 variants, and breast cancer recurrence. A quantitative bias analysis was performed to adjust for LOH and incomplete phenotyping. Bias-adjusted results were then combined in a meta-analysis.
Results:
Thirty-three studies informed the bias analysis and meta-analysis on CYP2D6 variants and breast cancer recurrence and/or mortality. An unadjusted meta-analysis suggested increased risk of recurrence and/or mortality for poor relative to normal metabolizers [RR = 1.28; 95% simulation interval (SI), 1.04–1.58] with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 27%; P for heterogeneity = 0.07). Adjusting for LOH and incomplete genotyping resulted in a slight change in the effect estimate and a decrease in heterogeneity (RR = 1.34; 95% SI, 1.10–1.63; I2 = 0%; P for heterogeneity = 0.17). Intermediate metabolizers had a slightly increased risk of recurrence and/or mortality relative to normal metabolizers (RR = 1.15; 95% SI, 1.00–1.34; I2 = 0%; P for heterogeneity = 0.89).
Conclusions:
Adjusting for biases such as LOH and incomplete genotyping reduced observed heterogeneity between studies. Individuals with poor CYP2D6 phenotypes were at increased risk for breast cancer outcomes compared with those with normal phenotypes.
Impact:
Reduction in CYP2D6 activity was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer recurrence and/or mortality, and results underscore the importance of quantitatively adjusting for biases when aggregating study results.

See related In the Spotlight, p. 221
Supplementary Table 3 from Oncogenic KRAS Mutations Confer a Unique Mechanotransduction Response to Peristalsis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Clevenger Abigail J. , Collier Claudia A. , Gorley John Paul M. , Colijn Sarah , McFarlin Maygan K. , Solberg Spencer C. , Kopetz Scott , Stratman Amber N. , Raghavan Shreya A.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table 3 contains the list of genes and corresponding forward and reverse primer sequences used in qPCR amplification.
Supplementary Table 2 from Oncogenic KRAS Mutations Confer a Unique Mechanotransduction Response to Peristalsis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Clevenger Abigail J. , Collier Claudia A. , Gorley John Paul M. , Colijn Sarah , McFarlin Maygan K. , Solberg Spencer C. , Kopetz Scott , Stratman Amber N. , Raghavan Shreya A.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table 2 contains all target sequencies of CRISPR reagents used in this work.
Supplementary Figure 8 from Oncogenic KRAS Mutations Confer a Unique Mechanotransduction Response to Peristalsis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Clevenger Abigail J. , Collier Claudia A. , Gorley John Paul M. , Colijn Sarah , McFarlin Maygan K. , Solberg Spencer C. , Kopetz Scott , Stratman Amber N. , Raghavan Shreya A.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure 8 breaks down the heat map of Figure 7 to demonstrate cell line specific statistical differences in Wnt ligand gene expression with MEK inhibition.
Supplementary Table 1 from Genome Instability Precedes Viral Integration in Human Papillomavirus–Transformed Tonsillar Keratinocytes
Authors: Chan Kimberly , Tseng Christopher , Milarachi Emily , Goldrich David , Schneper Lisa , Sheldon Kathryn , Aliaga Cesar , Alam Samina , Chatterjee Sreejata , El-Bayoumy Karam , Meyers Craig , Goldenberg David , Broach James R.
Published: February 2025

Table S1. Specifications for thermocycler settings for Anchored PCR.
Supplementary Table 2 from PRMT5 Maintains Tumor Stem Cells to Promote Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Tumorigenesis
Authors: DeSisto John , Balakrishnan Ilango , Knox Aaron J. , Link Gabrielle , Venkataraman Sujatha , Vibhakar Rajeev , Green Adam L.
Published: February 2025

Genes with p < 0.05 when comparing expression FC between PRMT5 KD vs shNULL
Supplemental Figure 6 from ASAP1 and ARF1 Regulate Myogenic Differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma by Modulating TAZ Activity
Authors: Hebron Katie E. , Perkins Olivia L. , Kim Angela , Jian Xiaoying , Girald-Berlingeri Sofia A. , Lei Haiyan , Shern Jack F. , Conner Elizabeth A. , Randazzo Paul A. , Yohe Marielle E.
Published: February 2025

Knockdown verification and representative images for ASAP1/WWTR1 knockdown
Supplemental Figure 1 from ASAP1 and ARF1 Regulate Myogenic Differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma by Modulating TAZ Activity
Authors: Hebron Katie E. , Perkins Olivia L. , Kim Angela , Jian Xiaoying , Girald-Berlingeri Sofia A. , Lei Haiyan , Shern Jack F. , Conner Elizabeth A. , Randazzo Paul A. , Yohe Marielle E.
Published: February 2025

Effect of ganitumab on differentation
Understanding Tsarist Patronage of Islam in the Qazaq Steppe
Authors: Kabdylkhak Nurlan
Published: February 2025

The study of Islam on the Qazaq steppe has traditionally revolved around the idea of “pseudo-Islamic” nature of Qazaq nomads and their “late Islamization” under Russian sponsorship of Islam. Recent scholarship exploring indigenous Muslim sources has rejected the “Qazaqs as half-Muslims” argument as historically inaccurate. However, the narrative about tsarist patronage of Islam on the Qazaq steppe has proven more resilient. This article critically examines the idea of Russian sponsorship of Islam, arguing that, more often than not, what is described as tsarist patronage amounted to a mere acknowledgment and formal confirmation of the religious demands and aspirations of tsarist Muslim subjects.
Revision of the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes de Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)
Authors: SELIS MARCO
Published: February 2025

A taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical species of the genus Pareumenes de Saussure, 1855 is presented. Three subgenera are recognized, namely Pareumenes s. str., Nortonia de Saussure, 1869 (= Afrorhynchium Gusenleitner, 2020, syn. nov.) and Brachyparmenes Giordani Soika, 1987 (= Interzumia Gusenleitner, 2002, syn. nov.). One new species, Pareumenes (Brachyparmenes) mirificus Selis, sp. nov., is described from Central African Republic. All the subspecies of Pareumenes (P.) sansibaricus (Schulz, 1905) are raised to species-level: P. (P.) arabicus Giordani Soika, 1981, stat. nov., P. (P.) flavopetiolatus Giordani Soika, 1944, stat. nov., P. (P.) laetefasciatus Giordani Soika, 1944, stat. nov., P. (P.) laterorufofasciatus Giordani Soika, 1944, stat. nov. and P. (P.) occidentalis Giordani Soika, 1944, stat. nov. New synonymies are proposed for Pareumenes (N.) laevis (von Schulthess, 1903) (= Afrorhynchium dathei Gusenleitner, 2020, syn. nov.) and Pareumenes (B.) rufoniger (Gusenleitner, 2002), comb. nov. (= Pareumenes mediator Gusenleitner, 2012, syn. nov.). A key to the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes is provided.
Riding the Passion Wave or Fighting to Stay Afloat? A Theory of Differentiated Passion Contagion
Authors: Frank Emma L. , Krautter Kai , Wu Wen , Jachimowicz Jon M.
Published: February 2025

Prior research suggests that employees benefit from highly passionate teammates because passion spreads easily from one employee to the next. We develop theory to propose that life in high-passion teams may not be as uniformly advantageous as previously assumed. We suggest that high-passion teams also evoke pressures that lead employees to expend effort to increase their levels of passion, which negates the benefits the team provides. We first conducted an experience-sampling study at an engineering company involved in the production and maintenance of critical infrastructure that benefits the greater good, with 829 employees nested in 155 teams, which we surveyed three times per day for 20 consecutive work days. These data show that employees caught their teammates’ passion and consequently reported better performance, lower emotional exhaustion, and a stronger sense of social connection. However, these benefits coexisted alongside costs employees incurred that were associated with increasing their passion. In a subsequent pre-registered experiment ( N = 1,063), we provide causal evidence for these effects and their underlying mechanism, finding that passion contagion is particularly effort-laden—more so than contagion of other states and increases in passion that are not the result of contagion. We develop a theory of differentiated passion contagion that exposes the effort inherent in contagion and the implications of that effort. Our work suggests that passion caught from others may hold less value than passion incited from within, and shifts our understanding of when and why passion for work is beneficial and detrimental. We also discuss implications for broader emotional contagion theory.
‘I just don’t belong’: White Christian privilege and older immigrants’ experiences with religion
Authors: ZEMBA Stephanie , MEHROTRA Meeta
Published: February 2025

A growing body of research shows that older immigrants have a heightened vulnerability to loneliness and social isolation. Religion can help mitigate loneliness and cultivate belonging. This article draws on 42 qualitative interviews with a diverse group of older immigrants living in and around a mid-size city in the Southeastern United States. Participants shared that religious involvement, faith, and spirituality were important resources for coping with adversity and adjusting to new contexts. Ethno-religious communities allowed respondents to maintain their culture and form friendships with people who share their background. Our article examines individual- and structural-level barriers that may inhibit older immigrants’ ability to utilize these resources. Our findings highlight the crucial role of White Christian privilege in shaping older immigrants’ experiences, including implications for acceptance and belonging.
Influence of Mother–Father Relationship on Perceived Stress among Black Pregnant Women
Authors: Wheeler Jenna M. , Davis Jean W. , Xie Rui , LaManna Jacqueline , Giurgescu Carmen
Published: February 2025

Background:

Perceived stress during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal health and birth outcomes. Compared to White pregnant women, Black pregnant women in the United States report higher levels of perceived stress and experience higher rates of maternal mortality and preterm birth. Mother–father relationship has been associated with perceived stress among pregnant women, though literature among Black pregnant women is limited.

Objective:

We aimed to examine the associations of mother–father relationship with perceived stress among Black pregnant women.

Methods:

Using a cross-sectional, correlational design, we conducted a secondary analysis of data obtained from 418 Black pregnant women enrolled in the Biosocial Impact on Black Births study. Participants completed questionnaires between 19- and 29 weeks gestation with items related to maternal characteristics, measures of the mother–father relationship, including the level of contact, involvement, closeness, support, and conflict with the father of the baby (FOB), and maternal perceived stress.

Results:

Participants who reported lower levels of support ( ρ[416] = −0.279, P < .001) and higher levels of conflict ( ρ[416] = 0.401, P < .001) with the FOB also reported higher levels of perceived stress. Levels of involvement, closeness, support, and conflict with FOB also predicted levels of maternal perceived stress after controlling for covariates.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that the mother–father relationship significantly influences perceived stress among Black pregnant women, thus warranting further study and intervention.
Assessment of wind energy potential of remote area of Umerkot site, empowering the local population with renewable energy
Authors: Hulio Zahid Hussain
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the detailed assessment of wind potential of newly Umerkot site which was never assessed before this study. The purpose of this study is to assess the wind energy potential of Umerkot site. The wind measurements have been taken at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m above the ground level (AGL). The wind shear coefficient and turbulence intensity were investigated to determine the site specific loads on turbine. The wind measurements were studied to assess the wind power and energy density corresponding to cost/kWh of site. The mean wind shear coefficient was observed to be 0.2615, 0.2989, and 0.2451 at 20, 40, and 60 m, respectively. The mean values of turbulence intensity were observed to be 0.154, 0.128, 0.113, and 0.107 at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The mean wind speed was observed to be 4.489, 5.375, 5975, and 6.391 m/s at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The mean values of k parameters were observed to be 2.065, 2.596, 2.715, and 2.923 at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m. The mean values of c (m/s) parameter were found to be 5.065, 6.064, 6.682, and 7.211 m/s at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The values of standard deviation are observed in between 0.1 to 3 at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The mean coefficient of variation was found to be 0.164, 0.128, 0.108, and 0.098 at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The sum of wind power density (W/m2) values were observed to be 486, 797, 1230, and 1326 W/m2 at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The mean energy density was observed to be 355, 582.3, 898.5, and 968.7 kWh/m2 at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The economic assessment is showing that wind turbine C has the minimum cost US$ 0.0602/kWh.
Gender and Affect in Schizophrenia
Authors: Addington Donald , Addington Jean , Patten Scott
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of this srudy was to test the hypothesis that males with schizophrenia have more negative symptom and females with schi::ophrenia have more depressive symptoms. Previous studies examining gender differences in negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia have been inconclusive, being limited by rerro pecrive _design and lack of suirable assessment instruments.

Method: A consecutive series of 113 consenting inpatients meeting DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia (45 females, 68 males) were assessed using reliable measures of depression and negative symptoms. Negative Symptoms were assessed by the Pos irive and Negative Syndrome Scale and depression by the Calgary Depression Scale/or Schi::ophrenia. inety-two of the subjects were reassessed 3 months later.

Results: There were no differences in levels of negative or depressive symptoms between men and women.

Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, the res ults do not support the hypothesis of sex differences in negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia.
Retrospective review of assisted peritoneal dialysis: The Alberta, Canada experience
Authors: Hammer Veronica , Fox Danielle , Munawar Warda , Lee Chel Hee , Quinn Robert R , MacRae Jennifer M
Published: February 2025

Background

Assisted peritoneal dialysis (PD), where trained health care providers assist individuals with PD in their home, allows individuals, who would otherwise be ineligible, to pursue home dialysis. Alberta Kidney Care South started an assisted PD program in 2011 using licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and switched to health care aids (HCA) July 2018.

Methods

A retrospective chart review to describe characteristics of assisted PD patients and their outcomes for each of the models of health care. The primary outcome was the duration of assisted PD from initiation to exit. Secondary outcomes included reasons for exit and the proportion of patients who performed independent PD.

Results

A total of 135 patients received assisted PD, mean age 70.7 ± 11.2 years and 44.4% (60/135) women. The average time to exit from assisted PD was 366.2 ± 378.1 days. There was no difference between time in PD between LPN (1.89 [1.02, 3.85] years) and HCA (2.09 [0.89, 3.26] years), p = 0.98. Main reasons for exit from assisted PD included death 30.4% (41/135) and switching to hemodialysis 26.7% (36/135). Total of 29 patients (21.5%) continued PD independently for an additional 495 ± 399 days. There was no difference in reasons for exit, p = 0.90 or peritonitis rates between the two care models, p = 0.60.

Conclusion

Assisted PD allows patients to maintain independence in the community and facilitates the uptake of independent PD in a significant proportion. Utilizing an HCA model offers a cost-effective alternative while still providing high-quality care.
Investigating the Visit-to-visit Repeatability of Autonomic Neuropathy Assessment Measures in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Jose Annie S , Srivastav Shival , Mehta Bharati
Published: February 2025

Background

Autonomic neuropathy assessment is needed for the diagnosis and prognostication of different clinical disorders. Heart rate variability (HRV) and autonomic reactivity assessment by Ewing’s battery of tests form the cornerstones of laboratory assessment of cardiac autonomic neuropathy evaluation.

Purpose

While these tests are routinely used, there are conflicting reports regarding the visit-to-visit repeatability of these tests. Therefore, we assessed autonomic measures derived using aforementioned tests on multiple visits in healthy subjects.

Methods

We enrolled 31 healthy subjects and performed autonomic function evaluation on five visits by assessment of HRV and autonomic reactivity on day 1 forenoon and afternoon, next day, one week later and one month later. Repeatability assessment was evaluated using Intraclass correlation coefficients. Values were defined as moderate, good and excellent based on previously reported criteria.

Results

Thirty-one subjects completed all five visits (17 males, 14 females; mean age = 29 ± 5.44 years). While time-domain measures demonstrated good to excellent repeatability, frequency-domain measures were only moderately repeatable. Autonomic reactivity indices also displayed good to excellent repeatability with the exception of blood pressure response to orthostatic challenge which was moderately repeatable.

Conclusion

We recommend that sole reliance on frequency domain metrics for HRV assessment should be avoided. HRV indices and autonomic reactivity measures may continue to be used for cardiac autonomic neuropathy assessment.
Reporting of Adverse Events in Studies Involving Treadmill Gait Training After Stroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Souza Jesimiel Missias de , Cardoso Daiane Carla Rodrigues , Silva Stephano Tomaz da , Azevedo Josicleide Araújo de , Oliveira Samara Katiane Rolim de , Borges Lorenna Raquel Dantas de Macedo , Gomes Larissa Araújo , Quirino Maria Amanda Ferreira , Ribeiro Tatiana Souza
Published: February 2025

Background

Treadmill gait training has been widely employed in post-Stroke Rehabilitation. This form of training is not exempt from complications. As with any healthcare intervention, reports of adverse events must be adequately documented.

Objective

To assess the reporting of adverse events in clinical trials utilizing treadmill training in individuals with Stroke.

Methods

Searches were carried out in seven databases, spanning from October to November 2019, with updates in May and June 2021, as well as in November and December 2022. Studies mentioning adverse events and having full-text available in English, Portuguese, or Spanish were considered. Outcome measures were occurrence, assessment, type, and severity of adverse events.

Results

Fifty-one studies were included with 1,571 participants. The most frequent adverse events reported were pain (6 studies), new strokes (6 studies), and medical complications (4 studies) were the most commonly observed. Studies whose groups underwent treadmill training reported a higher number of adverse events compared to groups that did not receive this intervention.

Conclusions

The reporting of adverse events in studies involving treadmill training post-stroke is inconsistent and non-systematic. There appears to be an association between treadmill training and the occurrence of adverse events in this population.
Evaluation of a Perioperative Fungal Prophylaxis Protocol Change in Orthotopic Liver Transplant
Authors: Singlar Megan M. , Xhemali Xhilda , Brizendine Kyle D , Eckardt Jamie , Ward Jessica , Palm Nicole
Published: February 2025

Background:

Orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) carries a risk for invasive fungal infections (IFI). A targeted antifungal prophylaxis protocol can identify OLT patients who warrant antifungal prophylaxis. The optimal protocol and appropriate risk factors have yet to be confirmed.

Objective:

This study aimed to describe the impact of a targeted antifungal prophylaxis protocol post OLT on rates of IFI and protocol adherence.

Methods:

This was a retrospective observational cohort study of patients ≥18 years old with an OLT at Cleveland Clinic. Pre-protocol was defined as June 1, 2019 to May 31, 2020 and post-protocol was June 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022. The primary objective was to determine adherence to the prophylaxis protocol on postoperative day (POD) 0. Secondary objectives included comparing the 90-day incidence of proven or probable IFI post-OLT between groups.

Results:

The pre-protocol group included 134 patients, whereas the post-protocol group included 166. Prior to protocol implementation, 73% received clotrimazole, 13% fluconazole, 13% micafungin, and 1% nystatin. After protocol implementation, 63% received clotrimazole, 16% fluconazole, and 21% micafungin. Adherence to the protocol was 66% on POD0 and increased to 84% over the duration of prophylaxis. Rates of IFI development decreased to 3.6% after implementation from 6.7% prior to the protocol ( P = 0.22). Median time to IFI was 8 days (interquartile range [IQR] = 2-19) pre-protocol and 15 days (IQR = 6-17) post-protocol.

Conclusions and Relevance:

The implementation of a post-OLT–targeted antifungal prophylaxis protocol can promote consistency in antifungal prophylaxis. This study showed an 84% adherence rate to the implemented protocol, with numerically lower rates of IFIs post-protocol compared with pre-protocol.
EXPRESS: Internet Meme Marketing over the Fad Cycle
Authors: Ward Michael R.
Published: February 2025

The sharing of internet memes on online social media is increasingly popular form of expressing opinions and complex sentiments in an easily understood image. Memes have been found to be an effective marketing tool if used appropriately. Marketers need to be aware when a meme’s use has become saturated, and its value is depreciating. As with many consumer uses of online social media, meme sharing is described as market for attention which can display dynamics as with cycle. This analysis models the dynamics of meme attention and estimates these dynamics from a panel of memes scraped from sub-Reddit meme forums and classified using a machine learning algorithm. Empirical analysis reveals patterns consistent with random shocks to meme entertainment value carrying over to the quality and quantity of subsequent expressions of the meme. Estimates indicate that a temporary elevation in attention dissipates within just one to two weeks. However, meme saturation then leads to less spread of the meme. To be effective meme marketers must remain attentive to where the meme they intend to use is within the fad cycle.
Predicting Factors Affecting the Behavior of Healthcare Employees in the Use of Personal Protective Equipment During Epidemics Based on Godin et al’s Model: A Study in Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Marzaleh Milad , Bastani Peivand , Raeyat Mohtashami Abolfazl , Farhadi Payam , Ghanbari Saeed , Ravangard Ramin
Published: February 2025

Background:

Protecting healthcare employees and preventing infection transmission are paramount concerns during epidemics. Predicting healthcare employees’ behavior regarding the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and identifying the related effective factors can guide educational and administrative strategies and enable timely interventions during outbreaks. This study aimed to predict factors affecting the healthcare employees’ behavior in the use of PPE at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran, based on Godin et al’s model.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study. After reviewing the related articles and interviewing the experts and based on the model of Godin et al. (2008), a questionnaire was developed, validated, and tested for reliability using face and content validity as well as Cronbach’s alpha. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS v.21 and modeled by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via SPSS v.21 and Smart PLS v.3 software.

Results:

The questionnaire was valid (CVI = 86.42, CVR = 81.71) and reliable (α = .85). The model exhibited appropriate measurement, structural, and overall fit. Beliefs about consequences, social influences, habits/past behavior, role and identity, characteristics of employees, moral norms, and beliefs about capabilities indirectly and significantly influenced behavior ( P < .001). Additionally, beliefs about capabilities ( P < .001), habits/past behavior ( P = .001), and intention ( P = .001) directly and significantly influenced PPE use behavior during epidemics.

Conclusion:

The results emphasized the necessity of targeted interventions based on the studied model constructs within healthcare organizations. By promoting positive beliefs about PPE effectiveness and encouraging appropriate intentions and behaviors, healthcare organizations can significantly improve employee’s adherence to PPE use during pandemics.
Highly deformable hydrostatic bearings using a single closed fluid cell
Authors: Sonneveld Dave D. , van Ostayen Ron A.J.
Published: February 2025

The applications where fluid film bearings are used to guide high loads over wavy surfaces are limited. This because current designs of fluid film bearings often consist either of rigid embodiments that are unable to adapt to varying surface curvatures to form the required thin fluid film, or of compliant designs that have been designed to allow only for small deformations. This work discusses the requirements to design highly deformable fluid film bearings and introduces two metrics to compare their performance. Additionally, it introduces a compliant cell that is filled with an incompressible fluid as a design element to obtain both a high load capacity and sufficient deformability for such bearings. This closed fluid cell is also implemented in a 2D axi-symmetric hydrostatic bearing concept, that is numerically modelled and validated by experiments with a prototype. The simulations and prototype show that it is able to operate on surfaces with a hundred times higher curvature than has been analysed in previous studies.
‘It felt like the digital hands were my hands’: Spotlines and rhythm in the habituation of virtual reality and meta-spaces
Authors: Stewart Nicole K. , Albrecht Carina , Hughes Phoenix Sage , Kabani Antalya , Nikolova Darina , Cai Ashley , Chen Yuxi , Nguyen Sam , Chung Seyoon , Bhatti Adnan Azam , Van Tran Huynh Hong , Moino Sofia , Datsky Kathy
Published: February 2025

How people use virtual reality to connect, communicate, and learn is increasingly important as the metaverse expands. Using affordance theory, we analyze a university classroom, a collaborative virtual environment, situated in virtual reality (VR). Our longitudinal study spans 10 weeks and follows 15 participants who spent over 25 hours together in meta-space classroom habitats. To capture a wide range of conditions around VR affordances (avatars, embodiment, immersion/presence), we turn to spotlines, a method that combines various medialities, to compare and describe the temporal rhythms of VR habituation. Through sustained engagement in VR, this study reveals how meta-spaces function as habitats that foster avatar sociality, metalearning, and embodied moments of friction.
Use of implementation science to qualitatively identify implementation determinants of COPD practice guidelines in primary care
Authors: Raghavan Deepa , Drummond Karen L , Sanders Sonya A , Kirchner JoAnn
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disease with high morbidity and mortality. COPD guidelines (CPG) are greatly underutilized and studies attempting to improve this practice gap have yielded inconsistent results. We hypothesize that using implementation science can provide a detailed understanding of these practice gaps and the reasons behind them. Methods: Since primary care (PC) manages the bulk of COPD patients, in this pilot study, we use principles of implementation science to systematically explore the reasons for this implementation gap in a PC setting. We used the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Science (CFIR), a determinant framework to design semi-structured interview guides to conduct multistakeholder interviews to explore the barriers and facilitators to four key COPD-CPG with known poor uptake: inhaler education, spirometry, pulmonary rehabilitation and COPD-specific patient education from patient and provider perspectives. Qualitative analysis was performed using rapid analysis. Results: Seventeen respondents including both, patients and providers were interviewed. All these COPD-CPG were rated as ‘highly important’ suggesting that perceived importance alone is insufficient to bridge gaps in uptake. Respondents were least familiar with pulmonary rehabilitation. Physician time constraint was a significant reported barrier. There exist multilevel contextual barriers to each of these COPD-CPG. Discussion: To increase uptake of COPD guidelines, implementation efforts that address multilevel barriers and promote collaborative care by use of non-physician resources are likely to have higher buy-in and greater chances for success
Real-world safety of linaclotide in Chinese patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: a multicenter, single-arm, prospective observational study
Authors: Xiao Yinglian , Meng Xianmei , Luo Qingfeng , Hou Xiaohua , Jin Jie , Zhong Xianfei , Gong Wei , Li Xiuling , Chen Minhu
Published: February 2025

Background:

Linaclotide, a guanylate cyclase-C agonist, is indicated for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). However, real-world data on the safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of linaclotide are scarce in Chinese patients with IBS-C.

Objectives:

To assess the real-world safety and PROs of linaclotide in the Chinese IBS-C population.

Design:

Multicenter, prospective observational study.

Methods:

Adults with IBS-C who had taken or planned to take at least one dose of linaclotide 290 μg were enrolled and followed up for 3 months. Face-to-face visits were conducted at baseline (V1), Week 4 ± 7 days (V2), and Week 12 ± 7 days (V3). Primary endpoints included the incidences of adverse events (AEs), AEs by severity, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AEs leading to treatment interruption, discontinuation, and death. Secondary endpoints included mean treatment satisfaction at V2 and V3, and mean overall Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Quality of Life (IBS-QoL) at V2.

Results:

Out of 3000 enrolled patients, 2963 took at least one dose of linaclotide and were analyzed. Overall, 712 patients (24.0%) reported 1095 AEs, which were mostly mild (89.9%). Diarrhea, reported in 297 out of the 2963 patients analyzed (10.0%), was the most common AE. No severe diarrhea was reported. Totally, 319 patients (10.8%) reported ADRs. Forty-six patients (1.6%) reported 50 SAEs and two cases were considered related to linaclotide treatment. Fifty-one (1.7%) and 70 patients (2.4%) interrupted and discontinued treatment due to AEs, respectively. One patient died of hepatic cancer, which was considered unrelated to linaclotide treatment. During the follow-up, the mean (±SD) treatment satisfaction increased numerically and continuously (V1, 2.8 ± 1.3 ( n = 1721); V2, 3.5 ± 1.1 ( n = 1705); V3, 3.9 ± 1.0 ( n = 833)). The mean (±SD) overall IBS-QoL increased numerically from 73.2 ± 16.6 ( n = 1924) at V1 to 80.2 ± 15.5 ( n = 1738) at V2.

Conclusion:

In the Chinese real-world setting, linaclotide was safe and well tolerated in patients with IBS-C. Numerically, there are trends toward improvement in PROs with linaclotide treatment.
Needed Armor: The Importance of Seeking Humor and Laughter in Reading
Authors: Montelongo Ricardo
Published: February 2025

Since ancient times, humor has held an interesting place within philosophical readings describing human life and nature. Laughter and humor often received objections and negative assessments, with the idea that human life would not suffer much loss if left out. Laughter has been described historically as malicious and carrying scorn. Spiritual writers also believed laughter led to a lack of self-control, where joking of any kind was foolish chatter. Put quite simply, humor in scholarly thinking has received a bad reputation. This paper discusses why seeking humor and laughter is important in our scholarly and pleasure reading practices. Humor and laughter, it will be reasoned, allow us to find meaning, surprise, and wonderment when learning new thought, especially in these divisive times. Humor and laughter also provide us contemplative and critical reflection on societal issues to provide hope and optimism from the creative writing of current humorists and essayists.
Examining social media engagement and its influence on consumer purchase intentions in China: Insights from Zhangzhou's digital ecosystem
Authors: Bernarte Racidon P. , Xin Xie , Lirio Gary Antonio C. , Bautista Angelito P.
Published: February 2025

The relationship between content engagement on social media platforms and purchase intentions among Chinese consumers, with a special focus on Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, was explored in this study. The study looks at how social media consumption behaviors differ across demographic segments, explores how the types of engagement affect purchasing decisions, and assesses the influence of important consumer and content-related factors. The researchers gathered data from a total sample of 410 respondents using structured questionnaires measuring participants’ demographics, social media usage, content engagement, and purchase intentions were analyzed. The findings showed that WeChat, Douyin, QQ, and Xiaohongshu emerged as the dominant platforms with higher user engagement with multimedia content in terms of entertainment, connection, and user-generated sources. Although purchase intentions were high across the board, driven by factors such as product utility, brand loyalty, and visual appeal, engagement was not a major predictor of purchase behavior. Demographic differences in engagement were identified with higher levels in younger age groups and rank-and-file employees, whilst differences in purchase intentions were noted with males who were also more likely to consider buying. Building on these insights, the study recommended a targeted marketing strategy that focuses on multimedia content for younger consumers, product practicality, and the leveraging of time-sensitive promotions to find the sweet spot for engagement on priority platforms. Further studies should examine social media engagement’s long-term impact on consumer brand loyalty and include wider demographic groups for a more in-depth understanding of social media’s influence on consumer purchasing behavior.
Long-Term Coronary Artery Complications Following the Arterial Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries—A Scoping Review
Authors: Lim Rachel S. , Lefkovits Jeffrey , Menahem Samuel
Published: February 2025

Coronary artery complications following the arterial switch operation (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries have become increasingly relevant as those affected are exposed to the comorbidities of later years. A scoping review was undertaken to explore the incidence, clinical features, and management of the long-term coronary complications after the ASO. The selection criteria yielded 73 articles They recorded few long-term coronary artery complications following the ASO, which were difficult to recognize as most affected patients’ symptoms were absent or nonspecific. In patients with suspected coronary artery involvement, coronary angiography or computed tomography provided confirmation, with significant stenosis generally managed by percutaneous trans-catheter interventions.
Midlife Women’s Misaligned Educational Expectations and Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Shaulis Kelsey
Published: February 2025

Women were the driving force behind the expansion of higher education in the United States. Their rise in enrollment developed alongside a rapid increase in educational expectations. This study explores the question of how these landmark shifts in women’s expanded expectations, attainment, and the (mis)alignment of the two have influenced mental health now that these women have entered midlife. Using data from the sophomore cohort of the 1980 High School and Beyond (HS&B:So) study through its 2014 midlife follow-up, results show that for women in the sophomore cohort ( n = 2,010), exceeding educational expectations is significantly associated with an increase in experiencing serious mental illness in midlife compared to meeting or missing educational expectations. These results suggest that overachieving educational expectations carry distinct psychological consequences.
Critical Slowing Down in Momentary Affect as Early Warning Signal of Impending Transitions in Depression
Authors: Smit Arnout C. , Helmich Marieke A. , Bringmann Laura F. , Oldehinkel Albertine J. , Wichers Marieke , Snippe Evelien
Published: February 2025

Based on dynamical-systems theory, in the current study, we aimed to investigate if recurrence of depression is systematically preceded by within-persons early warning signals (EWSs) in positive and negative affect. Ecological momentary assessments were collected five times a day for a period of 4 months (averaging 524 assessments per individual) from 37 formerly depressed individuals discontinuing antidepressant medication. EWSs (increases in window autocorrelation and variance) preceded recurrence of depression in 32.9% of the participants across robustness checks. Compared with participants that remained in remission, participants with a recurrence showed significantly more positive trends in the variance but not in autocorrelation, and the average number of significant EWSs was more than 3 times larger across tested affect variables. Although the results provide the first systematic evidence that EWSs occur more often before the recurrence of depression, the low sensitivity of EWSs poses a substantial challenge for clinical applications.
Do Taxes on Commodities and Services Bear a Disproportionate Burden in India? An Assessment from 2011–2012 to 2022–2023
Authors: Mukherjee Sacchidananda
Published: February 2025

Taxes on commodities and services (TOCS) contribute, on average, 62.31% of the general government’s total tax collection in India. This shows that a larger share of the tax burden rests on consumption than taxes on income, property, capital and other transactions. Indian public finance literature lacks a comprehensive assessment of tax collection from TOCS. This article assesses the trends in revenue mobilisation from TOCS during 2011–2023 for the Union, states and general governments. Notably, during 2018–2023, half of the TOCS collection and two-thirds of the total tax revenue of the general government were collected outside the goods and services tax (GST) system. This observation points to the potential for the GST system to broaden its coverage in the future, encompassing a more comprehensive range of commodities and services. This expansion could significantly impact the landscape of tax collection in India.