bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the coronavirus disease course in young children
Authors: Kosmynina N. S. , Avramenko I. Yu.
Published: January 2022

The aim. To analyze the features of the coronavirus disease course in young children.
Materials and methods. We analyzed case histories of 60 children aged 0 to 3 years who were hospitalized to the Lviv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT” in the period from April to December 2020 with a diagnosis of coronavirus disease. Out of the 60 children 36 (60 %) were boys and 24 (40 %) were girls. Laboratory studies on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA were performed in samples of nasal and pharyngeal swabs by PCR at the State Institution “Lviv Regional Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”. Blood and urinary laboratory tests were performed on the basis of the Laboratories in Lviv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT”. The result were statistically processed using Excel software from Microsoft Office 2019 packages. Quantitative characteristics were given as M ± m (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation of the arithmetic mean).
Results. It was found that 40% of children under 1 year old and only 15% from 1 to 3 years old were hospitalized on the first day of the disease. Parents of sick children in 51 (85 %) cases confirmed the presence of contact with infected family members. The analysis of the disease clinical manifestations showed that during the disease course, most children with coronavirus disease had the following clinical manifestations: fever, runny nose, cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and general weakness. Lymphopenia, which is the most common laboratory finding in adults with COVID-19, was found only in 28 % of children hospitalized to the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT”. The presence of complications in the form of pneumonia was observed in 5 children, which amounted to 8.3 %. The average duration of inpatient treatment for children under 1 year of age was 7 days, and it was 6 days for children between 1 and 3 years of age.
Conclusions. It was found that 85% of child inpatients were in contact with family members in whom the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed. The main manifestations of coronavirus disease were fever ˃38 °C and general weakness in more than 55% of children aged 0 to 3 years. The level of leukocytes within the age norm was observed in 46.6% of children, leukopenia– in 35.0%, and lymphopenia– in 28.3%. The course of the disease among young children was mild, and only 8.3% of children had the moderately severe course, complicated by pneumonia.
LncRNA SRA gene polymorphisms and risk of gynecological pathology development among Ukrainian women with proliferative type of benign breast disease without atypia
Authors: Lukavenko I. M. , Kolnoguz A. V. , Harbuzova V. Yu. , Ataman O. V.
Published: January 2022

Benign breast disease is a group of all noncancerous mammary lesions with a risk of breast cancer (BC) development. BC is the most common cancer in the world; therefore, it is necessary to find new biomarkers and targets for early diagnosis, treatment, prediction of prognosis and survival. Long non-coding RNA SRA could play this role, thus further studies of its impact on the precancerous lesion pathogenesis are needed.
The aim. To analyze the association between SRA1 rs801460 and rs10463297 SNPs and the occurrence of gynecological pathology among Ukrainian women with the proliferative type of benign breast disease without atypia.
Materials and methods. This study included 115 patients with proliferative type of benign breast disease without atypia: 55 – with gynecological pathology and 60 – without it. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) was used for polymorphism genotyping.
Hematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue and van Gieson’s picrofuchsin methods were applied for staining of sections. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 25.0, Chicago, IL, USA).
Results. Significant differences were found in the rs10463297 frequency of alleles (P = 0.032), but not in the rs801460 (P > 0.05), in groups with and without gynecological pathology, while the distribution of both single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) genotypes was similar between these groups (P > 0.05). Statistically significant association was detected between SRA1 rs10463297 polymorphism and gynecological pathology occurrence in both dominant (Pa = 0.023; ORa = 2.638, 95 % CI = 1.145–6.076) and additive (Pa = 0.034; ORa = 2.489, 95 % CI = 1.069–5.794) models of inheritance.
No association was found between SRA1 rs801460 SNP and gynecological pathology development among Ukrainian women with proliferative type of benign breast disease without atypia (P > 0.05).
Conclusions. It was revealed that SRA1 rs10463297 TT carriers had 2.6 times higher risk of gynecological pathology development than C allele carriers and 2.48 times than TC carriers.
The role of diet in the prevention of migraine attacks
Authors: Kopchak O. O. , Hrytsenko O. Ye.
Published: January 2022

The review provides information concerning the influence of dietary factors and different types of diet on the origin and frequency of migraine headaches according to the up-to-date scientific data. The relevance of the problem is associated with high prevalence of migraine, which is a common cause of disability amongst young people. Gut – brain axis takes a significant place in the pathophysiology of migraine. The concept of a gut-brain axis explains a bidirectional relationship between the gastrointestinal system and the central nervous system. It has been suggested that changes in the gut-brain axis functioning may play a role in the pathogenesis of migraine. The review describes possible mechanisms of gut microbiota involvement in the pathogenesis of migraine.
Knowledge of the important role of food triggers in migraine has contributed to the development of a dietary therapeutic strategy for the prevention of migraine headache. The paper contains data concerning possible pathogenetically substantiated effects of various types of diet (elimination, epigenetic, ketogenic) in migraine prevention, given the lack of efficacy and side effects of current migraine drug therapy. The review discusses the possible positive effects of dietary approaches on migraine through their beneficial influence on the intestinal microbiota and functioning of the gut-brain axis.
Conclusions. An update on the role of diet in the pathogenesis and prevention of migraine attacks is an extremely important and promising scientific field, which requires further research with the development of personalized approaches taking into account the individual characteristics of each patient.
Congenital hepatic fibrosis (a case report)
Authors: Popovych O. O. , Moroz L. V. , Avdosiev Yu. V. , Chabanov F. A. , Voinalovych O. O.
Published: January 2022

Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is an autosomal recessive disorder of intrauterine morphogenesis of the portobiliary system, characterized by periportal fibrosis and defective remodeling of the bile ducts. The article describes the features of the clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of type I CHF in the different terms of a patient’s life: from birth to her pregnancy, during pregnancy and after childbirth.
The aim of this work is to familiarize specialists with the problem of diagnosis and treatment of type I CHF in a patient with a provisional misdiagnosis of cryptogenic liver cirrhosis.
Results. The features of type I CHF that determine a wider diagnostic testing in long-term unspecified liver pathology cases were identified. First-time decompensation of portal hypertension (PH) occurred at 35 weeks of gestation with the development of ascitic-edematous syndrome, hypersplenism, preeclampsia without signs of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Cesarean section was performed at 37 weeks’ gestation and healthy baby was born. One year and 9 months after delivery, hypersplenism compensation was achieved by performing splenic artery embolization (SAE). There were no clinical manifestations of HE throughout the follow-up period.
Conclusions. The diagnostic algorithm for a long-term compensated unspecified liver pathology with PH should confirm or rule out CHF. Type I CHF patients can give birth to a healthy child. SAE successfully compensates for hypersplenism and PH in type I CHF. Transient elastography is an effective method for the assessment of liver fibrosis progression in patients with type I CHF.
Current concepts on predictors of atrial fibrillation occurrence and progression
Authors: Kyselov S. M.
Published: January 2022

The aim was to summarize and present a current views on the clinical, electrophysiological, hemodynamic and neurohumoral predictors of atrial fibrillation occurrence and progression by reviewing contemporary specialized literature. Atrial fibrillation has been shown to be the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications and cardiovascular mortality. However, there is no optimal prognostic marker for this type of arrhythmia onset and progression.
Conclusions. It has been established that the main predictors of atrial fibrillation and its complications are electrophysiological, structural and functional changes of the heart with underlying neurohumoral and pro-inflammatory activation, hypercoagulation and genetic predisposition.
Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with hypertension and subclinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Radchenko A. O. , Kolesnikova O. V.
Published: January 2022

It is known that the presence of overt hypothyroidism carries additional risks of developing cardiovascular diseases due to impaired lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. But whether subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) has the same negative impact is still controversial. The assessment of its role is especially important in patients with existing arterial hypertension (AH) in the early stages of the disease in order to prevent future complications.
The aim of this work is to identify and assess the prevalence of early cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with AH combined with SH.
Materials and methods. 66 patients (55.4 % women) aged from 25 to 59 years with a median age of 51.1 years were included in the study during 2019–2020 years. All the patients were divided into 3 groups, randomized by age and sex: group 1 (n = 21) – vo­lunteers without AH and SH; group 2 (n = 25) – euthyroid patients with stage 1–2 grade 1–2 AH and low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk (CVR); group 3 (n = 20) – patients with stage 1–2 grade 1–2 AH and low-to-moderate CVR in combination with SH. Blood pressure was measured, anthropometric data were assessed, glucose levels and lipid profile indicators were determined in all patients.
Results. Comparative characteristics of the groups showed a rise in the frequency of detecting increased waist circumference and the waist-to-hip ratio, obesity, metabolic syndrome, its individual components and lipid profile disorders, especially the levels of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with SH even in the early stages of AH and CVR of low gradations. However, dyslipidemias in general and hypertriglyceridemia in particular were more common in euthyroid hypertensive patients compared to patients with AH and concomitant SH.
There was also a tendency towards an increase in gynoid obesity and a worsening of the lipid and carbohydrate profile disorders in SH patients in comparison to euthyroid patients with AH, although the differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions. Evaluation of cardiometabolic risk factors revealed the increase in severity of female obesity and worsening of abnormalities in lipid and carbohydrate profiles with the SH development in patients even in the early stages of AH and low-CVR, that additionally increases the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Heart rhythm and autonomic regulation disorders in chronic coronary syndrome patients with community-aсquired pneumonia
Authors: Kulynych T. O. , Lisova O. O. , Shershnova O. V. , Hrytsai A. V.
Published: January 2022

Pneumonia presents a considerable challenge in patients with cardiovascular disease due to an increase in the incidence, difficulties of diagnosis and treatment, high mortality.
Aim: to study the characteristics of cardiac arrhythmias and heart rhythm autonomic regulation in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and to define their relationship with the clinical features of the disease.
Materials and methods. A monocenter cross-sectional study analyzed 90 patients with CCS in parallel groups. The main group included 60 CCS patients with CAP; the control group consisted of 30 patients without concomitant CAP. A complex clinical examination of patients was performed on 1–3 days of hospital stay in accordance with the National Recommendations. Holter ECG monitoring was performed using a CARDIOSENS K device (XAI-MEDICA, Ukraine).
Results. Based on the results of 24-hour ECG monitoring, heart rhythm disorders, increased duration of myocardial ischemia and ST-segment depression depth with an increase in the total duration of tachycardia episodes within 24 hours were more common in the main group patients. The severity of CAP on the PSI/PORT scale was correlated with the 24-hour mean heart rate (r = +0.31, P < 0.05), the number of ventricular extrasystoles – with respiratory rate (r = +0.29, P < 0.05), supraventricular extrasystoles – with the duration of ST-segment depression (r = +0.57, P < 0.05).
In patients with CCS and CAP, there was a decrease in the total heart rate variability (HRV), mainly in the passive period, combined with an increase in the LF/HF ratio and stress index (SI), which was directly correlated with the severity of CAP and intoxication syndrome.
Conclusions. Patients with CCS and CAP are characterized by the increased 24-hour heart rate, duration of ST-segment depression, frequency of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias on 24-hour Holter monitoring, paroxysms of atrial fibrillation with the decreased total HRV combined with significantly increased activity of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system.
Dynamics of TNF-α and IFN-γ in adult patients with measles depending on the development of complications
Authors: Bilokobyla S. O. , Riabokon O. V. , Riabokon Yu. Yu. , Onishchenko N. V.
Published: January 2022

The aim is to define the dynamics of TNF-α and IFN-γ serum levels in adult patients with measles depending on the development of complications.
Materials and methods. An examination of 175 adult patients with measles revealed a range of complications and dynamics of serum TNF-α and IFN-γ depending on the development of complications. The serum contents of TNF-α (Invitrogen, Austria) and IFN-γ (Invitrogen, Austria) in patients and 30 healthy individuals were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the basis of the Training Medical Laboratory Center of Zaporizhzhia State MedicalUniversity.
Results. It was shown that the vast majority of hospitalized adult patients with measles developed complications (70.6 %) and these latter were predominantly respiratory (61.7 %) and gastrointestinal (44.0 %). In the period of measles rash, on day 4.8 ± 0.2 in the presence of complications, the serum TNF-α content was 11 times higher than that in healthy individuals (P < 0.05) and in patients with uncomplicated measles (P < 0.05), and did not differ from healthy individuals (P > 0.05) in the absence of complications. The development of measles complications in adult patients was associated with higher serum levels of TNF-α both at hospitalization (P = 0.003) and after 10 days of the disease (P = 0.005). The serum content of IFN-γ in adult measles patients with rash at hospitalization on day 4.8 ± 0.2 exceeded that in healthy indivi­duals both in the presence of complications (P < 0.05) and in uncomplicated measles (P < 0.05). The serum content of IFN-γ was 19.3 times (P < 0.05) higher in patients with complicated measles than that in patients without complications. High serum levels of IFN-γ were associated with the development of complications during acute period of measles (P = 0.0001).
Conclusions. Complications occurred in most hospitalized adult patients with measles (70.6 %), that was accompanied by more pronounced immunological changes. The development of measles complications in adult patients was associated with higher serum levels of TNF-α both at hospital admission on day 4.8 ± 0.2 (gamma 0.77; P = 0.003) and in the dynamics after 10 days of the disease (gamma 0.56; P = 0.005). Elevated serum levels of IFN-γ were associated with the development of complications during the acute period of measles (gamma ratio 0.46; P = 0.0001).
Tumor budding as a prognostic criterion of colorectal cancer
Authors: Yakovtsova I. I. , Cheverda V. M. , Dolhaia O. V. , Yakymenko A. S. , Ivakhno I. V.
Published: January 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of mortality among cancers after malignant tumors of respiratory system. One of the most significant prognostic features of CRC is tumor budding (TB), which isn’t widely implemented in clinical practice.
The aim of this research: to find the prognostic criteria of recurrence and lethal outcome of CRR IIA and IIIB stages (рТ3N0-2M0), the ratio of tumors with certain differentiation in groups of research was taken equal.
Material and methods. The group I was formed from primary CRC without recurrences. The main relapse-free survival time was 5 years (62.5 ± 16.5 months). The ІІ group – primary CRC with recurrences; ІІА – with recurrences during 5 years from the moment when the tumor was removed, without fatal outcome; ІІВ – with recurrences and lethal outcome from genera­lization of tumor process during 5 years from the moment when the tumor was removed. The microslides of CRC were made by using the standard methods.
Results. TB was identified in 46.66 % (28/60) of CRC рТ3N0-2M0. The direct relationship between tumor grade and presence of TB was found (Р < 0.05), but TB didn’t define differentiation of the CRC. There was a statistically significant relationship between TB and metastatic spreading of CRC to regional lymph nodes (Р < 0.001). Metastasis was associated with 3 stage of TB, absence of metastasis was typical for CRC without TB.
The tendency was found in a larger number of cases of the CRC with TB 3 stage among recurring CRC compared with CRC without recurrence, mainly due to the ІІВ group of the research. Inverse correlation between TB stage and time of recurrence appearance was found (Р < 0.05). TB in central tumor sites was followed by presence and higher stage of TB in peripheral tumor sites (Р < 0.05), that can be taken into account during biopsies of CRC.
Conclusions. TB is a prognostic criterion of metastasis and time of recurrence appearance for CRC рТ3N0-2M0, which is mostly typical for tumors in patients with recurrences and lethal outcome at the taken equal ratio of tumors by differen­tiation.
The features of the composition of the gut microbiota in patients with hypertension and abdominal obesity
Authors: Koval S. M. , Snihurska I. O. , Yushko K. O. , Mysnychenko O. V. , Halchynska V. Yu.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this work was to study the features of the composition of the gut microbiota (GM) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), which occurs against the background of abdominal obesity (AO).
Materials and methods. The paper presents the data on examination of 70 patients with AH of 2–3 degrees (46 patients with AO and 24 patients without obesity – with normal body weight (NBW)). The control group included 20 apparently healthy individuals with NBW. The patients underwent detailed standard clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination. Determination of the quantitative composition of GM was carried out by the method of polymerase chain reaction with hybridization-fluorescence detection of results in real time using the test system “COLONOFLOR-16 (biocenosis)” (“ALFA-LAB”). In this work, a statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using standard methods and Microsoft Excel 17.0.
Results. A significant change in the composition of GM were found in patients with AH, which proceeds against the background of AO, in comparison with apparently healthy individuals and with patients with AH without obesity (with NBW). In the group of AH patients with the presence of AO, significant decrease in the number of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Аkkermansia muciniphila was found in comparison with apparently healthy individuals. The number of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Аkkermansia muciniphila in these patients was also significantly lower than in hypertensive patients with NBW. At the same time, the ratio of Bacteroides fragilis/Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was significantly higher than in the control group and the group of hypertensive patients without obesity – with NBW.
Conclusions. The results of the study indicate a possible role for the deficiency of such representatives of GM as Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Аkkermansia muciniphila and an increase in the ratio of Bacteroides fragilis/Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the pathogenesis of AH, which occurs against the background of AO.
Predictive value of morphological features and proliferative markers (mitotic index, Ki-67, PHH3) in bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Zakhartseva L. M. , Chytaieva H. Ye.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate relations of mitotic index (MI), necrosis, IHC proliferative markers Ki-67 and PHH3, and their predictive value for lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) aggressiveness.
Materials and methods. The study used surgical and biopsy material from 64 patients with lung NETs before chemotherapy prescribing. Morphological study and IHC was performed. MI, necrosis, Ki-67 and PHH3 expression and metastatic disease and survival were estimated using nonparametric statistics.
Results. Statistically significant association of necrosis severity and survival rates was found (P = 0.021). This was true for comparing patients with no necrosis in tumor tissue and extensive foci of necrosis (P = 0.023). MI appeared to be associated with metastases in lymph nodes (P = 0.003) and with distant metastatic lesions (P = 0.029). Significant, direct association of Ki-67 and MI (P < 0.001), MI and PHH3 expression (P < 0.001) was found. However, there was no significant link between Ki-67 and PHH3 rates (P = 0.240). Ki-67 didn’t show any significant association with necrosis and metastases. Also, Ki-67 rates didn’t affect the patient survival. Data on PHH3 expression and their estimation appeared to be rather contradictory. PHH3 expression rates were lower than expected and did not exceed neither Ki-67 rates, nor MI.
Conclusions. MI and necrosis are reliable markers for the assessment of lung NETs aggressiveness. MI is statistically associated with metastatic lesion, while extensive necrosis – with survival rates. Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with MI. No significant association of Ki-67 and PHH3 expression, tumor’s morphological features, disease progression and prognosis was found. Contrary to our expectations, PHH3 showed no diagnostic and prognostic value in lung NETs.
Impact of neuroprotective therapy on cognition and oxidative stress in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Demchenko A. V. , Biriuk V. V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and biochemical efficiency of citicoline in cognitive improvement and changes of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) blood plasma levels in patients at early stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Materials and methods. We recruited 42 patients at I–II Hoehn and Yahr PD stages and 20 controls. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment test (MoCA) was used to assess several cognitive domains in PD patients (before citicoline treatment, after intravenous therapy and after pills therapy) and controls (once). Plasma was collected once in controls and twice in PD patients (on the first and the last days of observation). Citicoline was administrated to 23 of 42 PD patients in addition to basic antiparkinsonian therapy intravenously during 10 days and with pills during next 30 days. The rest 19 of 42 PD patients had been taking basic antiparkinsonian treatment only (comparison group).
Results. We observed significant improvement of MoCA scores in PD patients with citicoline course (PD-Cs) in each check day. But in spite of such an improvement in PD patients, who were left on the basic antiparkinsonian treatment (PD-Bs), on the 10th day of observation, patients of this group did not keep it to the last day of the research (P < 0.001). After the treatment the GPx level in plasma of PD-Cs was significantly higher than in PD-Bs (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the activity of GPx plasma level after citicoline course was significantly higher than before additional neuroprotective therapy, which wasn’t observed in PD patients on basic treatment only.
Conclusion. The cognition of PD patients (according to MoCA scores) at the early stages of the disease was significantly improved after citicoline treatment. Citicoline treatment had significant positive influence on the increasing antioxidant GPx plasma activity in PD patients at the early stages of the disease.
Formation of the demand for contraceptives using the Van Westendorp method based on establishing consumer value
Authors: Mahanova T. V.
Published: January 2022

One of the main indicators of the consumer value of a product is the price. Its controversial idealistic and materialistic basis is aimed at securing the interests of two opposites: producer-seller and buyer. Correctly made pricing decisions, taking into account the requirements of both players in the pharmaceutical market, will effectively regulate the processes of the pharmaceutical business and the supply system.
The aim: approbation of the Van Westendorp method on the example of contraceptives; establishing their consumer value for further rational decision-making regarding the improvement of the system for providing contraceptives to Ukrainian female consumers.
Materials and methods. The research used the marketing Van Westendorp method based on surveying a quota sample of women of reproductive age from one of the Ukrainian regions. The main calculations were performed with MS Excel 2010 software.
Results. The survey of 420 women enabled to set the maximum range of readiness to pay (the point of maximum cheapness and high cost) for the most advanced pharmaceutical types of contraception (hormonal, non-hormonal and medical products) in the age and income quotas. It was established that the price sensitivity depends on social and economic indicators.
Conclusions. The established maximal ranges of willingness to pay are well below market prices for contraceptives. The exception is cheap and widespread contraception (aerosol and male condom), which confirms the need to use marketing research methods to meet the needs of the female consumer.
Means of occupational therapy in (individual) rehabilitation programs for people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Antonova O. I. , Sorokina S. O.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the work is to develop a set of rehabilitation measures including occupational therapy classes for Parkinson’s disease and to assess the objective condition of patients on the scales of non-motor symptoms, cognitive and mental disorders.
Materials and methods. The study of patients was conducted on the basis of anamnesis, objective examination and scales for assessment of non-motor symptoms, cognitive and mental disorders (scale of non-motor symptoms – NMSS, scale of mental disorders – MMSE, Montreal scale of cognitive disorders – MOCA); to assess non-motor symptoms, a patient questionnaire was additionally used to identify autonomic disorders (according to A. M. Wayne, 1998). The control and experimental groups were offered exercise, physiotherapy, massage and nutrition (diet). Occupational therapy was added for the experimental group.
Results. After the physical rehabilitation, the condition of the patients significantly improved. The final score in the experimental group of patients with non-motor manifestations of Parkinson’s disease on the scale of assessment of non-motor symptoms was statistically significantly lower and was 61.04 ± 0.39 (P < 0.01). The final score on the scale of mental disorders was statistically significantly higher – 27.78 ± 0.27 (P < 0.01), on the scale of cognitive changes, it also became statistically significantly higher – 25.13 ± 0.19 (P < 0.01). According to A. M. Wayne’s questionnaire of autonomic disorders, the total score in the control group was 64.0 ± 3.2. In the experimental group of patients, the total score was 51.0 ± 5.4 points (P < 0.01). Thus, under the influence of additional occupational therapy classes, in the experimental group both on the scale of non-motor symptoms and by A. M. Wayne’s, questionnaire there was a statistically significant improvement in the condition of patients.
Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference (P < 0.01) in the condition of patients on the final scores, with the pronounced improvement in the condition of the experimental group patients in comparison with the control group patients, following the results of all survey scales. A significant difference is observed on the scale of non-motor symptoms. A certain role in improving the condition of patients with appropriate screening using study scales and a patient questionnaire to identify autonomic disorders (according to A. M. Wayne, 1998), apparently played a component of the rehabilitation program, which further included occupational therapy classes.
Medical and geographical determinants of oncopathology in the population
Authors: Hrebniak M. P. , Kirsanova O. V. , Taranov V. V. , Mikriukova N. H.
Published: January 2022

The aim: to study the permanent risk factor of oncopathology in order to determine its medical and geographical features and assess their impact on oncopathology of the population of Zaporizhzhia region.
Materials and methods. By means of spatial and geographical, as well as analytical and statistical methods, territories were medically and statistically differentiated, with the assessment of the natural environment quality. Epidemiological study of malignant neoplasms was conducted retrospectively for the period of 2004–2015, in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10. Determination of environmental impact on oncopathology was performed using the attributive fraction.
Results. Geoactive space is characterized by a variety of natural and climatic conditions of lithosphere, hydrosphere and landscapes. The main physical and geographical objects of the Zaporizhzhia region (Ukrainian Crystal Shield, the Dnipro, the Sea of Azov) form six zones, which differ in the diversity of system-forming elements. Specific features of discontinuous disturbances of the lithosphere of the Ukrainian crystal shield are abnormally high electrical conductivity of the earth’s crust, intense electromagnetic fields, high concentration of radon in aquifers, and streams of high-energy fluids.
Conclusions. The highest geopathogenic impact is manifested in the fault zone of the Ukrainian crystal shield. The highest values of the attributive fraction of malignant neoplasms were registered in this zone among the whole population (26.8 %), among the adult population (25.4 %) and the able-bodied population (32.7 %). The oncopathological potential of natural conditions was least manifested in the valley of the Dnipro breakthrough and the Azov Upland, where the attributive fraction for almost all indicators did not exceed 8.2 %.
The experience, results, and possible perspectives of organizing the optimally accessible primary medical care for the rural population of Zaporizhzhia region
Authors: Aleksieiev O. H. , Taranov V. V. , Petrykhin V. P.
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, the assessment of the activity of the domestic healthcare system is an important and actual issue, especially against the background the active reformation of this industry. One of the important elements of the assessment is studying the availability of primary healthcare to the rural population.
The aim of this work is to study the territorial accessibility of primary healthcare, the adequacy and effectiveness of the principles of forming a network of primary care facilities in the rural areas of Zaporizhzhia region that enables to address issues and optimize the location of primary care facilities in the rural areas.
Materials and methods. The materials of the research were the data of the official statistical reports for the past 20 years, which characterize the state of health and the degree of medical care accessibility to the rural population. During the research, the technique of complex social and hygienic research was applied, with the use of historical, sociological, sanitary and statistical methods, organizational experiment and others.
Results. The article presents the main results of studying the current state of primary healthcare organization for the rural population of Zaporіzhzhia region against the background of active reforming processes. According to the research results, the main elements forming the system of accessibility are territorial, medical, social and economic. The main factors of impact on territorial accessibility are identified. These are: the nature of the settlement of rural residents (density, compactness, service-area radius, the proportion of the rural population, the distance between villages, the distance from a household to a healthcare facility); quality of roads; transport connections between settlements and healthcare facilities; availability of communication means.
Conclusions. As a result of the research, the following conclusions were drawn. Such factors as population density, compactness of its location, service-area radius, distance between villages, distance from a household to a healthcare facility, condition and quality of roads, transport connections between settlements and healthcare facilities are important during forming or improving the network of healthcare facilities in rural areas. These factors must be considered for the rational placement of primary care facilities in rural areas.
Biologically oriented synthesis of medicines (BIODS) based on heterylpoxid 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (Part 2)
Authors: Karpenko Yu. V. , Kulish S. M. , Al Halaf N. А.
Published: January 2022

Heterocyclic compounds make a very important branch of organic chemistry, and it has always been an interesting area of study in medical chemistry. They are present in a variety of drugs, vitamins and biologically active compounds.
Over two decades, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been of interest to chemists owing to their diverse therapeutic potential; the studies focus mainly on the principles of combinatorial chemistry with a broad spectrum of biological activity. In the continuation of the review article, the general literature sources that consider chemical heteryl derivatives of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles as important synthetic substrates and precursors for biologically oriented synthesis, are systematized. Heterocyclic 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and their derivatives are widely used as antibacterial, fungicidal, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, antitubercular, antioxidant, antimalarial, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antidepressant and anti-HIV drugs. It is important to note that the combination of 1,3,4-oxadiazole nuclei with different heterocyclic moieties in some cases had synergistic effect.
The aim of the work is the search for new activities, systematization and generalization of literature sources on methods of biologically oriented drug synthesis (BIODS) based on heteryl derivatives of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles.
Conclusions. The article analyzes, generalizes and systematizes the data obtained from the literature that describes the results of the study of the biological activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, which allowed to confirm their diverse pharmacological and biological potential. It is established that oxadiazoscafold as the main structural component is found in various biologically active compounds which evidences the relevance of its further studies as a perspective structural matrix for construction of drug-like molecules. The analysis of the presented material demonstrates the significance and prospectivity of biologically oriented drugs of this segment of the chemistry of nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
Ślady produkcyjne na cegłach profilowanych z placu Kolegiackiego w Poznaniu – próba rekonstrukcji dawnej wytwórczości strycharskiej
Authors: Antowska-Gorączniak Olga , Lajsner Włodzimierz
Published: January 2022

Medieval profiled bricks from the remains of the city parish church of St. Mary Magdalene in Poznań are a very important source of information about the brickmaking craftsmanship. The study attempts to identify production traces with specific stages of brick production (the process of forming and drying bricks), along with an attempt to reconstruct these operations that were used by the Poznań brickmakers. In addition to the analyzes related to the number of occurrences, the type of research material was defined, the criteria for isolating individual traces were described, the state of knowledge about brickmaking and analogies of fittings found in medieval buildings, mainly in the city of Poznań, were taken into account.
„Jakaś groza wieje od tych pól ponurych” – świadkowie i dziedzictwo masowych, drugowojennych zbrodni w Dolinie Śmierci w Chojnicach
Authors: Kobiałka Dawid
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses the results of the research carried out in a project entitled An archaeology of the Death Valley. First, the historical context related to mass killings on the outskirts of Chojnice during the Second World War is sketched. Then, the results of the archaeological field research are presented. The last part is about ethnographic research which allowed to document various memories related to mass killings in the Death Valley as well as human and non-human witnesses of these events. The idea behind this paper is to show that archaeology and ethnography are crucial in discovering and documenting sites of mass killings and their heritage.
Pottery from the well and its context. Searching for differences and similarities
Authors: Piotrowska Magdalena , Kot-Legieć Karolina
Published: January 2022

In this article the pottery obtained from three wells from the settlement in Kwiatków was analyzed. Compared to other sites associated with the Przeworsk culture, this site deserves a special attention due to the presence of over a hundred of artificial water intakes within excavated area. The method of the vessels production, macro and micromorphology characteristics, the degree of their preservation and the level of deposition inside the features were examined in detail. Most of the pottery fragments should be associated with the Przeworsk culture from the Roman Iron Age, however there was also a small percentage of pottery with Jastorf culture elements. The information obtained allowed to define the context of their discovery and to explain its presence inside the well.
Próba interpretacji zjawiska rytualnego składania ofiar z ludzi na Słowiańszczyźnie Zachodniej
Authors: Pokorski Mikołaj
Published: January 2022

The subject matter of the article concerns on ritual sacrificial practices related to human sacrifices among the Western Slavs, including the Polish lands and the Polabia region. The chronological range covers the early Middle Ages, from the 7th to the 12th centuries. Considerations on this subject include the review of anthropological and philosophical disciplines research including R. Girard studies in this aspect, an analysis of written sources, and above all the analysis of the occurrence of victims and sacrificial sites from an archaeological perspective. The aim of the study was to identify archaeological remains related to sacrificial rituals by presenting the occurrence of victims and sacrificial sites at selected archaeological sites. The study aims to discuss the issues with interpretations of various aspects of the human sacrifices from the early medival Western Slavdom territory sites. The work is interdisciplinary, as it takes into account and integrates the results of archaeological research, knowledge in the field of history, philosophy and cultural anthropology. The article presents the effectiveness of interdisciplinary methods in expanding analytical and interpretative possibilities of archeology regarding the rituals of sacrifice and sacrificial sites.
Comparative study of platinum electroplating to improve micro gold electrode arrays with LCP laminate
Authors: Schweigmann Michael , Kirchhoff Frank , Koch Klaus P.
Published: January 2022

Decoding the cellular network interaction of neurons and glial cells are important in the development of new therapies for diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Electrophysiological in vivo studies in mice will help to understand the highly complex network. In this paper, the optimization of epidural liquid crystal polymer (LCP) electrodes for different platinum electroplating parameters are presented and compared. Constant current and pulsed current electroplating varied in strength and duration was used to decrease the electrode impedance and to increase the charge storage capacity (CSCC). In best cases, both methods generated similar results with an impedance reduction of about 99%. However, electroplating with pulsed currents was less parameter-dependent than the electroplating with constant current. The use of ultrasound was essential to generate platinum coatings without plating defects. Electrode model parameters extracted from the electrode impedance reflected the increase in surface porosity due to the electroplating processes.
State of the art of geopolymers: A review
Authors: Castillo Hengels , Collado Humberto , Droguett Thomas , Vesely Mario , Garrido Pamela , Palma Sergio
Published: January 2022

Geopolymers emerge as an ecological alternative for construction materials. These consist of a mixture of aluminosilicate sources and an alkaline solution that dissolves the silicon and aluminum monomers that come from the source to generate a gel called N–A–S–H that will control the main properties of the geopolymer. The geopolymer stands out for having good resistance to compression, as well as good resistance to high temperatures and corrosive environments. They have great potential as a replacement for classical technologies such as concrete, however, require further applied research to determine their feasibility on an industrial scale.
Positive solutions of nonlinear fourth order iterative differential equations with two-point and integral boundary conditions
Authors: Mansouri Bouzid , Ardjouni Abdelouaheb , Djoudi Ahcene
Published: January 2022

This paper provides sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence of positive solutions of a nonlinear fourth order iterative differential equations with two-point and integral boundary conditions. The main arguments are based on the Schauder fixed point theorem to prove the existence of a positive solution. As an application, we given an example to illustrate the obtained results.
La passion du café dans les publicités de Carte Noire : analyse sémiotique du goût et du désir
Authors: Seghir Atmane
Published: January 2022

L’intérêt pour le café ne date pas d’aujourd’hui, mais les discours promotionnels sur ce breuvage mythique ne cessent de se multiplier depuis l’arrivée d’Internet. Pour mieux comprendre le domaine spécifique des récits gustatifs (verbaux, gestuels ou visuels) qui se construisent autour de la passion pour le café, nous avons privilégié une démarche innovante en sciences du langage, la sémiotique du goût. Le site internet de la marque Carte Noire, en misant sur l’expérience gustative euphorisante et la tautologie du désir, offre un corpus approprié pour cette nouvelle approche (slogans, images, films publicitaires, textes). L’objectif de notre article est double : il consiste, d’une part, à appréhender le processus de construction des significations du récit passionnel en acte, et, d’autre part, à conceptualiser le sensible, l’imaginaire gustatif et l’hédonisme sur lesquels se basent les stratégies discursives publicitaires adjacentes.
Four weeks of electrical stimulation improves glucose tolerance in a sedentary overweight or obese Hispanic population
Authors: Galvan Michelle J , Sanchez Michael J , McAinch Andrew J , Covington Jeffrey D , Boyle Jason B , Bajpeyi Sudip
Published: January 2022

Introduction/purpose

Most US adults (54%) do not meet the minimum exercise recommendations by the American College of Sports Medicine. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a novel alternate strategy to induce muscle contraction. However, the effectiveness of NMES to improve insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 4 weeks of NMES on glucose tolerance in a sedentary overweight or obese population.

Methods

Participants (n  = 10; age: 36.8 ± 3.8 years; BMI = 32 ± 1.3 kg/m2) were randomized into either control or NMES group. All participants received bilateral quadriceps stimulation (12 sessions; 30 min/session; three times/week at 50 Hz and 300 µs pulse width) altering pulse amplitude to either provide low-intensity sensory level (control; tingling sensation) or at high-intensity neuromuscular level (NMES; maximum tolerable levels with visible muscle contraction). Glucose tolerance was assessed by a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and substrate utilization was measured by indirect calorimetry and body composition via dual X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after 4 weeks of NMES intervention.

Results

Control and NMES groups had comparable fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, substrate utilization, and muscle mass at baseline. Four weeks of NMES resulted in a significant improvement in glucose tolerance measured by OGTT, whereas no change was observed in the control group. There was no change in substrate utilization and muscle mass in both control and NMES groups.

Conclusion

NMES is a novel and effective strategy to improve glucose tolerance in an at-risk overweight or obese sedentary population.
Tax security management of a public entity
Authors: Murzina Elena , Shemyakina Marina
Published: January 2022

The monograph is devoted to the study of the concept of tax security management of a public legal entity. The concept is built on the interconnection of three main elements: analysis, monitoring and regulation. The role of analysis in the control system is determined. Special attention is paid to monitoring. It is proposed to use the method of constructing a heat map as a data visualization tool for monitoring. It is noted that regulation and management decision-making should be carried out taking into account the monitoring data and the main guidelines of the budgetary and tax policy of a public legal entity. The material of the monograph has a practical focus on improving the work of participants in the budgetary process to manage the tax security of a public legal entity on the basis of a risk-oriented approach. The presented material can open up new perspectives for further research. It will be of interest to those who are engaged in the development of methodological support for tax security management.