bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los convenios de interés público y de asociación en el régimen de contratación pública colombiana
Authors: Gómez Velásquez Alejandro , Díaz Díez Cristian Andrés
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objeto analizar el régimen jurídico creado con la expedición del Decreto 092 de 2017. Para ello, se recurre a la dogmática jurídica, con el fin de ofrecer un análisis sistemático del régimen en cuestión, acudiendo a fuentes normativas, jurisprudenciales y doctrinales. A partir del análisis, se sostiene que esta nueva regulación distingue entre los convenios de asociación, establecidos en la Ley 489 de 1998 y reglamentados por una parte del mencionado decreto, y los denominados convenios de “interés público” que están previstos en el artículo 355 constitucional. En cuanto a las principales similitudes entre ambas figuras valga destacar que: (i) ambos convenios deben celebrarse con personas jurídicas privadas sin ánimo de lucro y de reconocida idoneidad, (ii) no pueden implicar una relación conmutativa entre las partes, (iii) están sometidos al régimen de inhabilidades e incompatibilidades del Estatuto General de Contratación de la Administración Pública, (iv) les aplican los principios de la contratación estatal y (v) están sujetos a las normas generales aplicables a la contratación pública excepto en lo reglamentado en el Decreto 092 de 2017. El presente artículo realiza un estudio de estos dos tipos de convenios previstos en el régimen de contratación pública con el fin de explicitar su definición, características, similitudes, diferencias y algunos problemas a los que ha dado lugar su celebración.
Os negros e as diferenças no mercado de trabalho da região metropolitana de São Paulo: considerações sobre o nível de escolaridade dos ocupados
Authors: Luiza Gonzaga Leila
Published: August 2019

A desigualdade racial tem sua origem no funcionamento da economia de plantação do período colonial e ainda pode ser percebida no mercado de trabalho atual. Na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, as informações da Pesquisa de Emprego e Desemprego (PED) mostram que a taxa de desemprego dos negros, de 19,2% em 2018, é tradicionalmente mais elevada do que a dos não negros. Sua inserção ocupacional costuma ocorrer em postos com qualificação e rendimentos mais baixos do que os dos não negros. Apesar do importante aumento do nível de escolaridade, a proporção de ocupados negros com nível superior é equivalente a menos da metade da participação dos não negros e os diferenciais por raça/cor dos rendimentos de quem possui esse nível de ensino são os maiores.
Reflexões em torno da produção de conhecimentos científicos sobre temas afro-brasileiros e/ou africanos
Authors: Gomes de Castro Vanessa
Published: August 2019

Qual é o lugar que os temas afro-brasileiros e/ ou africanos têm ocupado no campo da produção de conhecimentos científicos? No âmbito institucional, quem são os atores que têm fomentado a sua produção? Quais são os temas de pesquisas mais recorrentes em relação a essas questões e quais são as lacunas? Diante dessas perguntas, o presente trabalho examinou as dissertações e teses produzidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, desde a sua implantação até o ano de 2018, sobretudo aquelas relacionadas aos temas mencionados. Para compreender tal produção, foi utilizado o conceito de campo científico, entendido como espaço de concorrência estruturada, em que a ciência é produzida, o qual é ocupado pelas instituições e seus agentes, de acordo com o seu volume de capital científico político e simbólico, fator que interfere nos processos de produção da ciência, como os temas de pesquisa a serem privilegiados.
Surgically Treated Posterior Acetabular Fractures Via Iselin’s Modified Approach with A Short-Term Follow-Up
Authors: DEĞİRMENCİ Erdem , ORHAN Zafer , ARICAN Mehmet , KARADUMAN Zekeriya , TURHAN Yalçın , TURHAL Ozan
Published: August 2019

Objective: The main purpose of the surgical treatment of posterior acetabular fracture is to achieve anatomical reduction to attain a functional and stable hip joint without pain. Although Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approach is the most commonly used surgical exposure, various modified approaches have been described in the literature. The aim of this study to determine the early surgical results of the acetabulum posterior fractures surgery via Iselin's modified K-L approach. Methods: We reviewed the hospital records of patients who were operated for acetabulum posterior wall fractures via Iselin's modified approach between 2016 and 2018. All patients had detailed radiological, clinical evaluation and fractures were classified by AO/ASIF classification. All patients had radiological and clinical evaluation at the end of the postoperative 1st year. Results: There were 16 men and 4 women with an average age of 42.8±18.0 (range 18-77) years. The average follow-up was 14.8±6.1 (range 6-28) months. The right hip was involved in 12 (60%) patients and the left in 8 (40%) patients. The average operative time was 78.6±16.7 (range, 54–115) minutes. Average blood loss during the operation was 179.22±51.9 (range, 100–260) ml. The postoperative reduction was graded as anatomic (0–1 mm of displacement) for 17 hips and imperfect (2–3 mm of displacement) for 3 patients. No patient had a deep infection, implant loosening, recurrent dislocation, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE) or revision fixation. Conclusion: The modified approach of Iselin is a successful approach with its ease in the surgery of displaced fractures that extending proximally and early radiological and functional results.
Handwriting at Grade 3: More Than a Matter of ‘Neatness’
Authors: Roessingh Hetty , Nordstokke David
Published: August 2019

This article reports on the role of the quality and fluency of handwriting and spelling on the writing outcomes for 222 Grade 3 students who attend a large, public school in a major urban center in Canada. Findings indicate that control over the exigencies of handwriting, and fluency account for a large proportion in the variability of quality writing outcomes. Spelling is important, but only indirectly, in predicting the quality writing outcomes. Samples of student work are provided to illustrate the quality standards for handwriting. We advocate for sustained attention to handwriting instruction, effortful practice and increased opportunities to write in a variety of genres for meaningful and authentic purposes.
CYBERCOUNSELING SEBAGAI SALAH SATU MODEL PERKEMBANGAN KONSELING BAGI GENERASI MILENIAL
Authors: KIRANA DYAH LUTHFIA
Published: August 2019

The development of technology and communication provides convenience and extends the space for the movement of society today. Most of the activities of society are no longer limited by space and time, anytime and anywhere. The use of social media is high in proportion to the development of millennial generation who are familiar with technology. This generation has the characteristics of open communication, fanatical social media users, their lives are greatly affected by technological developments. Professional counselors must create a creative and innovative ways, strategies or methods to support guidance and counseling services for the millennial generation. Cyber Counseling is a services form of innovation and breakthrough in the world of counseling for millennials. Some Cyber Counseling methods that have been used by counselors include: E-mail-based Cyber-counseling, Android-based Cyber-Counseling Chat, Text-Based Cyber ​​Counseling Using Riliv Android Applications, and Facebook-based Cyber ​​Counseling.
AVALIAÇÃO DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE SARCOPENIA E FUNCIONALIDADE EM IDOSAS QUILOMBOLAS DE BREJINHO DE NAZARÉ – TO
Authors: Dias Fellipe Camargo Ferreira , Silva Neto Luiz Sinesio
Published: August 2019

A sarcopenia está associada a diversas doenças, redução da funcionalidade e prejuízos para qualidade de vida dos gerontes. A associação da sarcopenia com funcionalidade em populações quilombolas tem sido pouco estudada. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a associação entre sarcopenia e funcionalidade em idosas quilombolas e não quilombolas. Estudo transversal realizado com 62 participantes mulheres (variando de 60 a 85 anos), que foram divididas em dois grupos, sendo 39 quilombolas (GQ) e 23 não quilombolas (GC). Para o diagnóstico de sarcopenia foi utilizado o algoritmo proposto pelo European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, a massa muscular foi analisada pelo exame de absortometria de raios-x de dupla energia e a força de preensão palmar por meio do dinamômetro de mão. O desempenho físico foi analisado pelo teste de velocidade de marcha. Para analisar a capacidade funcional os testes de Katz e Lawton foram utilizados. Foi identificada uma prevalência de sarcopenia de 5,12% no GQ e de 8,69% no GC. Há maior proporção de mulheres quilombolas com incapacidade funcional, 100% delas apresentando dependência para ambas as atividades. A condição de ser quilombola demonstrou maiores prejuízos na capacidade funcional, independentemente de ser acometida por sarcopenia.
POLÍTICAS DE CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO COMO PROPULSORAS DA INOVAÇÃO NA UNIVERSIDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Santos Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral
Published: August 2019

É notável que a produção científica no Brasil tem crescido consideravelmente nos últimos anos. Entretanto, destaca-se que o crescimento da participação acadêmica referente à proteção de Propriedade Intelectual (PI) e do licenciamento de tecnologias para o seguimento empresarial e industrial é bem mais modesto que a produção científica. Com a aprovação de Políticas públicas de ciência, tecnologia e Inovação a legislação brasileira passou a gerir a criação de ambientes propícios para ampliar a relação universidade / empresa, além de disponibilizar pesquisadores para contribuir com empreendimentos privados. Dessa forma, a gestão das políticas de PI se caracteriza como um importante instrumento de apoio ao crescimento econômico do país e se fazem necessárias para as Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia e indústrias, visto que nesses ambientes ocorre grande parte da criação e inovação tecnológica.
Vida útil de polpa congelada de araticum embalada ou não a vácuo
Authors: Morgado Cristiane Maria Ascari , Siqueira Ana Paula Silva , Souza Eli Regina Barboza de , Brito Annelisa Arruda de , Cunha Junior Luis Carlos , Corrêa Gilmarcos de Carvalho , Naves Ronaldo Veloso
Published: August 2019

The objective of this work was to evaluate the role of two types of conditioning process in quality of frozen and stored araticum’s pulp at -18ºC. The fruits were collected at pre-maturing developmental stage, packed into boxes wrapped with bubble plastic, transported to the laboratory and stored for 7 days at 22ºC and 90% RH to complete the maturation. Afterwards, they were pulped and the pulp was stored in: 1) low-density polyethylene packages (LDPE) 60 micro, hermetically packed in a sealing machine or 2) low-density polyethylene packages (LDPE) 60 micro vacuum sealed. Those units were frozen at -18ºC for 402 days and were evaluated at processing day and at 30; 90; 150; 210 and 402 days of storage, for soluble solids contents (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA, ascorbic acid, total extractable polyphenols and total antioxidant activity using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. The results were submitted to an analysis of variance and the means were each other compared using Tukey test with Sisvar software. It is conclued that is not necessary the use of vacuum to package the frozen araticum’s pulp for 402 days, at -18ºC.

Keywords: Annona crassiflora Mart, freezing, vacuum.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO DE RÃ-TOURO Lithobates catesbeianus NO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA (BRASIL)
Authors: Sousa Raniere Garcez Costa , Maltarolo Rafael Camoleze
Published: August 2019

A atividade ranícola tem afirmado o Brasil como o segundo maior produtor mundial de rã. Contudo, existem poucos dados estatísticos oficiais que abordam sobre esta atividade no país. E, tratando-se da região Norte do Brasil, especialmente no estado de Rondônia, pouco ou nenhum estudo foi encontrado abordando essa temática. A presente pesquisa realizou um diagnóstico dos ranários no estado de Rondônia, visando registrar informações desse seguimento primário de produção. Os dados foram coletados utilizando o método interrogativo, com o uso de questionários semiestruturados junto aos proprietários de ranários. Foram localizadas duas raniculturas no estado, que atuam com fins comerciais, no sistema anfigranja de criação, estas possuem capacidade produtiva em torno de 5 ton. ano-1, com uma venda média semanal de 50 kg de carne de rãs. Os preços dos produtos variam conforme o tipo: animal inteiro e congelado R$ 60,00, inteiros frescos R$ 50,00 ou corte específico no mercado varejista. A criação de rã no Estado de Rondônia é de pequeno porte, e sua produção é comercializada em lanchonetes e restaurantes nos municípios de origem e cidades vizinhas como Cacoal e Ariquemes.

Palavras-chave: Produção. Rã-touro. Rondônia.
PENSAMENTO COMPLEXO E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Pereira Roger Trindade , Pinho Maria José de , Almeida Ilda Neta Silva de
Published: August 2019

O artigo objetiva conhecer o contexto histórico e o teórico-conceitual da Teoria da Complexidade. Mais especificamente, investiga os entrelaçamentos paradigmáticos, a incompletude e a inteligibilidade do conhecimento de complexidade moriniano e sua relação com a educação. A metodologia possui o caráter exploratório de abordagem qualitativa por meio de pesquisa do tipo teórico-bibliográfica. A discussão privilegia o movimento dialógico de integralização de epistemologias e saberes ligados aos princípios da dialogicidade (FREIRE, 2005); da reflexibilidade coletiva e múltipla (BECK, 2003); da demodiversidade (SANTOS, 2016); e, da inteligibilidade (MORIN, 2002). Os resultados indicam que a teoria da complexidade não nega os limites e as possibilidades da epistemologia da ciência clássica, mas a incorpora a sua inteligibilidade complexa. Destaca-se que a educação, no pensamento complexo moriniano, vislumbra no horizonte a formação de um sujeito conhecedor de sua situação de cidadão planetário preparado para exercer uma autonomia complexa, a consciência reflexiva e os efeitos da globalização. Assim, aponta-se que, na ótica da complexidade, a contemporaneidade demanda uma nova abertura cognitiva, uma revolução mental capaz de se constituir em mais do que teorias pedagógicas, deslocando-se da perspectiva individual, normativa e prescritiva para o reaprender a pensar por meio dos saberes metacognitivos e de uma inteligibilidade coletiva.
GÊNEROS MULTIMODAIS EM SALA DE AULA:
Authors: Nunes Valfrido da Silva
Published: August 2019

Ancorado principalmente nos estudos sobre gêneros (MARCUSCHI, 2010; 2011) e multimodalidade (DIONISO, 2011), este artigo tem como objetivo central discutir gêneros multimodais em sala de aula de língua portuguesa do ensino médio, numa escola pública da rede estadual de ensino de Pernambuco, em 2009. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa em turmas de 3º ano do ensino médio, cujo foco foi investigar em que medida os estudantes conseguiam identificar gêneros multimodais (história em quadrinhos, caricatura, cartum, charge e tira humorística), bem como os propósitos comunicativos a eles associados. Os achados revelaram o pouco conhecimento dos gêneros multimodais supramencionados, por parte dos estudantes do ensino médio, o que não deveria acontecer, visto que estão na etapa final da educação básica.
ANÁLISE DO SETOR DE CORTE EM UMA CONFECÇÃO DE CAMISARIA SITUADA NO INTERIOR DA ZONA DA MATA MINEIRA
Authors: Souza Josiane Aparecida Cardoso de , Carneiro Priscila França Gonzaga , Filho Mauro Lúcio Mazini
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho analisa as condições ergonômicas no setor de corte de uma confecção de camisaria feminina situada na Zona da Mata Mineira. Através da pesquisa de campo quantitativa e qualitativa, utilizou-se um questionário adaptado contendo dados sobre perfil, condições de trabalho e saúde dos trabalhadores. Além disso, foi utilizado o mapa corporal de Corllet, o check list de Couto, a NR 17, para identificar e analisar os riscos ergonômicos aos quais os funcionários estão envolvidos. O ambiente de trabalho se mostrou propício no desenvolvimento de doenças ocupacionais como LER/DORT, além de haver itens que não estão em conformidades com a NR-17, tais como necessidade de assentos para descanso, altura da mesa onde se realiza o corte do tecido. As regiões do corpo com mais queixas foram a região cervical, costas superior e pernas (direita e esquerda), uma vez que são as regiões mais acometidas no exercício da função. Sugere-se mudanças no ambiente de trabalho quanto ao mobiliário, a prática de exercícios físicos, fisioterapia, além de pausas para descanso ou para exercício laboral.
PROCESSAMENTO DE ALIMENTOS: DO ARTESANAL À INDUSTRIA
Authors: Morais Rômulo Alves , Soares Camila Mariane da Silva
Published: August 2019

Editorial rederente aos artigos aceitos durante I Congresso Tocantinense de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (CTOCTA) em conjunto com a XIV Semana Acadêmica de Engenharia de Alimentos (SEMEALI).
AVALIAÇÃO DAS PROPRIEDADES FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS E MECÂNICAS DE FILMES DE FÉCULA DE MANDIOCA INCORPORADO COM CAFEÍNA IRRADIADA
Authors: Silva Maria Carolina Santos , Lima Pablo Kashisol Duarte de , Silveira Miriam Fontes Araújo , Arthur Valter , Souza Adriana Régia Marques de
Published: August 2019

As embalagens biodegradáveis são provenientes de fontes renováveis, como milho, celulose e mandioca, sendo que essas matérias primas, quando associadas a outros materiais para produção de filmes biodegradáveis, podem ocasionar mudanças nas propriedades mecânicas e de barreira do produto final. A produção de embalagens ativas pode contribuir na conservação de alimentos, aumentando sua vida útil e preservando suas características físicas, químicas e sensoriais, um componente utilizado em embalagens ativas é a cafeína, que possui atividade antimicrobiana. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi produzir filmes de fécula de mandioca incorporados com cafeína irradiada e analisar possíveis alterações quanto as propriedades físico-químicas e mecânicas. Verificou-se que a espessura, a solubilidade em água, permeabilidade ao vapor de água e o ensaio de tração dos filmes não apresentaram diferença significativa entre os tratamentos (p>0,05). Porém houve alteração de cor e de resistência a perfuração dos filmes com a incorporação de cafeína irradiada, onde os filmes apresentavam-se mais frágeis e com coloração mais escura a medida que as doses de radiação aplicadas foram aumentando. A incorporação de cafeína irradiada permitiu a obtenção de um filme de boa qualidade mecânica, porém as doses estudadas não apresentou efeito nas propriedades dos mesmos.
ALASDAIR MACINTYRE: UM ARISTOTELISMO REVOLUCIONÁRIO?
Authors: Perine Marcelo
Published: August 2019

O texto pretende mostrar que o aristotelismo de MacIntyre não se deve apenas à sua original assimilação da doutrina aristotélica da virtude moral, mas está ancorado na concepção aristotélica da ação como movimento, formulada na Ética Eudêmia, cujos fundamentos ontológicos foram estabelecidos na Física e na Metafísica, bem como nos estudos de fisiologia (O movimento dos animais) e de psicologia (De Anima). Alguns dos conceitos fundamentais do “Projeto Depois da Virtude” têm como fundamento a revolução na compreensão da ação moral, operada por Aristóteles em polêmica com o intelectualismo socrático e com o relativismo sofista.
FILOSOFIA E LITERATURA: A ÉTICA COMO QUIASMA NA ESCRITURA DE LEVINAS
Authors: Junior Nilo Ribeiro
Published: August 2019

O artigo visa apresentar a intriga entre Filosofia e Literatura na obra levinasiana graças ao caráter genuíno de sua ética da alteridade que possibilita pensá-la como um autêntico quiasma do espírito encarnado. Trata-se de ressaltar, em primeiro lugar, a maneira de filosofar a partir da Sensibilidade e por meio da qual a intriga entre ética e linguagem se tece em função da temporalidade da sensação de outrem. Apresentam-se, em seguida, os traços literários da filosofia do autor que fazem de sua obra uma poemática, isto é, uma escrita poético­-pneumática a ponto de configurá-la como uma autêntica filosofia hermenêutica pós-ontológica.
Prevalence of Worsening Problems Using Post-stroke Checklist and Associations with Quality of Life in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Im Hyowon , Kim Won-Seok , Kim SeungYeun , Park Ji-Hong , Paik Nam-Jong
Published: August 2019

Background: This study investigated the prevalence of worsening problems using Post Stroke Checklist (PSC) at 3, 6, and 12 months post-stroke and their associations with health-related quality of life. Methods: In stroke patients admitted between June 2014 and December 2015, PSC and EuroQol-5Dthree level (EQ-5D-3L) were assessed at post-stroke 3 (n=181), 6 (n=175), and 12months (n=89). The prevalence of worsening problems and its association withEQ-5D-3L at post-stroke 3 and 6months were analyzed. Results: An average of 0.59 (range 0–12), 1.47 (range 0–12), and 1.00 (range 0–10) worsening problems per patient was identified at 3, 6, and 12months after stroke, respectively. The most frequently and continuously identified worsening problems were mood disturbances (reported by 8.8%, 16.0% and13.5% of patients at 3, 6, and 12 months post-stroke, respectively). Worsening mobility was significantly associated with worse EQ-5D index at post-stroke 3 months (β,-0.583; 95% CI, -1.045 to -0.120). The worsening of mobility and communication was significantly associated with worse EQ-5D index at post-stroke 6 months (mobility: β,-0.170; 95% CI, -0.305 to -0.034, communication: β,-0.164; 95% CI, -0.309 to -0.020). Conclusions: PSC may be useful for the detection of various subjective worsening problems during serial clinical follow-up after stroke. Appropriate rehabilitation and management strategy to solve the identified problems could improve the quality of life in stroke survivors.
Factors Affecting Liquidity in Indonesian Sub Sector Metal Industries
Authors: Hantono Hantono , Hwee Teng Sauh
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to verify and analyze the factors that affect the liquidity in sub-sector metal industries listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).  We purposively use 10 firms out of 16 firms because of these 16 firms does not meet our criteria. This paper comprehensively investigates step-by-step of statistical analysis from classical assumption testing such as normality, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, and multicollinearity and then continued by testing model and variables using t-test and F-test. our testing result shows that we do not have problem of classical assumptions. We also find that net working capital turnover, account receivable turnover and inventory turnover significantly affect firm liquidity.
Patients' Perceptions in Inpatient Service Quality and its Effect on Patient Loyalty with Patient Satisfaction as Mediation Variable
Authors: Amin Octa Lidya Ghaisani , Untoro Wisnu
Published: August 2019

This study aims to empirically test the patient's perception of the quality of inpatient services, and its effects on the loyalty of the patient, with patient satisfaction as a mediation variable. Data collection was performed by using five points Likert scales with judgment sampling approach. The study involved 160 patients of the dr. Prijonegoro Hospital, Sragen. Descriptive analysis was conducted followed by measurement analyses to ensure the validity and reliability. This research found that inpatient service quality has a significant positive effect on patients' satisfaction, patient satisfaction positively affect patients' loyalty, and patients' satisfaction partially mediated the effect of inpatient service quality on patient loyalty. Therefore, by improving the quality of services, it is expected that the patients were satisfied and then loyal after satisfied with inpatient service quality in the hospital.
Situational Analysis on Access of Livelihood Capitals in Livelihoods of Poor Households
Authors: M Rubavel
Published: August 2019

Poverty is one of the major problem of developing countries, the United Nation organization taken up eliminating poverty is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The poverty has been addressed through various approaches, methods, schemes and programmes schemes in the past. This paper proposes a new dimension to address the poverty reduction and through promoting the livelihood for the poor households. The lacks of capitals are one of the major problems to start livelihood activities. The livelihood activities of poor households depend on the availability of livelihood capitals as a starting point, Poor households used to combine the resource run their livelihood activities, Livelihood capitals are important for running the livelihood activities. The availability and accessibility of livelihood capitals for poor households help to build up their livelihood activities. Livelihood capitals are such as natural, physical, human, financial and social capital. The improvement in these livelihood capitals can improve the livelihood outcomes. The accesses to these livelihood capitals are important in promoting and sustaining livelihood activities. Access to credit is one of the most important would help to come out of poverty. This paper explores the availability and accessibility of livelihood capital for the poor households and presents the empirical study conducted among 503 rural poor households who were involved in the livelihood activities of in Alathur Block of Perambalur District, Tamil Nadu, India.
Pediatrik Yeme veya Yutma Bozukluğu ve Beslenme Alışkanlığında Aile Rolünün Etkisinin Meta-Analiz Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN Semra , ŞAHİN Emine Seylan , ÖZ Nur Sena , ÜLKER ATAV Pelin , KIVANÇ Rabia
Published: August 2019

Amaç: Yeme davranışı biyolojik ve sosyal
içeriği olan karmaşık bir davranıştır. Bazı durumlarda bu davranışla ilişkili
olarak çocuğun, yiyeceği alma, yeme veya yutma aşamalarında sorun yaşadığı
görülmektedir. Yeme davranışının sorun haline dönüşmesi; çocukta gerek fiziksel
gerekse gelişimsel açıdan çeşitli problemlerin ortaya çıkmasına neden
olabilmektedir. Yeme davranışında gözlenen sorun organik bir kökene sahip değil
ise, konu toplumsal açıdan ele alınmalı ve çözüm odaklı bir yaklaşımla çocukla
birlikte çevrenin de incelenerek değerlendirilmesinin yapılması gerekmektedir.
İlgili literatüre bakıldığında konunun yeterince ele alınmadığı ve organik
kökenler üzerinde odaklanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda, pediatrik yeme veya
yutma bozukluğu olan çocukların ailelerinin tutumlarının çocukların beslenme
davranışları üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla kanıta dayalı
uygulamalar için önemli bir bilgi kaynağı olan meta-analiz yönteminden
faydalanılması planlanmıştır ve bu doğrultuda anne-baba tutumunun yeme problemi
üzerindeki etki büyüklüğünün anlamlı olup olmadığının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Yapılan bu
çalışmada konu ile ilgili yayınlanan toplam 299 ulusal ve uluslararası
araştırma ve derleme makalesi belirlenen kriterlere göre değerlendirilmiş ve
sonuçta toplam 3 makale meta-analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre
ülkemizdeki konuya ilişkin makale sayısının oldukça sınırlı olduğu ortaya
çıkmıştır.  Tartışma ve Sonuç: Pediatrik yeme veya yutma bozukluğu ve beslenme
alışkanlığı konusu ülkemiz çocukları için de önemli bir sorundur. Bu sorunun
farklı disiplinler açısından incelenmesi oldukça önemli bir göstergedir. Ayrıca
bu konuda daha fazla araştırmanın yapılması gerektiği meta-analiz çalışmasının
diğer önemli göstergelerinden biridir.
Potential Cost-effectiveness of HIV Viral Load Sample Collection and Testing Methods in Malawi
Authors: Babigumira Joseph B. , Lubinga Solomon J. , Cheng Mindy M. , Karichu James K. , Garrison Louis P.
Published: August 2019

Background
HIV viral load (VL) monitoring informs antiretroviral therapy failure and helps to guide regimen changes. Typically, VL monitoring is performed using dried blood spot (DBS) samples transported and tested in a centralized laboratory. Novel sample collection technologies based on dried plasma stored on a plasma separation card (PSC) have become available. The cost-effectiveness of these different testing approaches to monitor VL is uncertain, especially in resource-limited settings. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of HIV VL testing approaches with PSC samples compared to DBS samples in Malawi.
Methods
We developed a decision-tree model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two different sample collection and testing methods—DBS and PSC samples transported and tested at central laboratories. The analysis used data from the published literature and was performed from the Malawi Ministry of Health perspective. We estimated costs of sample collection, transportation, and testing. The primary clinical outcome was test accuracy (proportion of patients correctly classified with or without treatment failure). Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of results.
Results
The estimated test accuracy for a DBS testing approach was 87.5% compared to 97.4% for an approach with PSC. The estimated total cost per patient of a DBS testing approach was $19.39 compared to $17.73 for a PSC approach. Based on this, a PSC-based testing approach “dominates” a DBS-based testing approach (i.e., lower cost and higher accuracy).
Conclusion
The base-case analysis shows that a testing approach using PSC sample is less costly and more accurate (correctly classifies more patients with or without treatment failure) than with a DBS approach. Our study suggests that a PSC testing approach is likely an optimal strategy for routine HIV VL monitoring in Malawi. However, given the limited data regarding sample viability, additional real-world data are needed to validate the results.
Genomic-based identification of environmental and clinical Listeria monocytogenes strains associated with an abortion outbreak in beef heifers
Authors: Whitman Katherine , Bono James L. , Clawson Michael L. , Loy John D. , Bosilevac Joseph M. , Arthur Terrance M. , Ondrak Jeff D.
Published: August 2019

Background In a beef cattle facility an outbreak of abortions occurred over a 36-day period and included two aborted fetuses and 21 post-abortion clinical cases sampled. There are numerous etiologies, including clinical listeriosis. At the species level, Listeria monocytogenes is ubiquitous in cattle production environments, including soil, feed, and occasionally water sources, and is a common enteric resident of cattle and other mammals. There are four genetically distinct lineages of L. monocytogenes (I-IV), with most lineage III and IV isolates obtained from ruminants. Definitive diagnosis of L. monocytogenes as a causative agent in disease outbreaks relies upon case identification, appropriate sample collection, and laboratory confirmation. Furthermore, clearly establishing a relationship between a pathogen source and clinical disease is difficult.Results Of the two fetal and 21 clinical case submissions, 19 were positive for L. monocytogenes. Subsequent culture for L. monocytogenes from water and silage sources identified both as potential origins of infection. Using whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, clinical, water and silage L. monocytogenes strains grouped into two of four lineages. All water and silage strains, plus 11 clinical strains placed in lineage III, with identical or nearly identical genomic sequences. The remaining eight clinical strains placed in lineage I, with seven having nearly identical sequences and one distinctly different.Conclusion Three genetically distinct strains within two lineages of L. monocytogenes caused the abortion outbreak. The etiology of abortion in 11 cases was directly linked to water and silage contamination from a lineage III L. monocytogenes strain. The source of infection for the remaining abortion cases with two different strains from lineage I is unknown. This is the first report of L. monocytogenes genomics being used as part of an outbreak investigation of cattle abortion.
Comparison of Cytokine Levels in the Aqueous Humor of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients
Authors: Zhou Huiying , Zhao Yinyu , Yuan Mingzhen , Chen Youxin
Published: August 2019

Background The concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor from neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) may vary. The study was conducted to compare various cytokine levels in the aqueous humor of eyes with PCV, nAMD and control.Methods The present case control study included 49 treatment-naïve eyes from 49 patients (PCV 24, nAMD 11, and cataract 14 eyes). Totally 34 angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor were measured by Luminex bead-based multiplex array.Results The aqueous humor levels of IL-8 and IL-12p70 in the nAMD group were significantly higher than the PCV group (p=0.031, p=0.012, respectively). The levels of IL-8, IL-18, IL-21, IL-31, LIF, SDF1-α, FGF-basic, VEGF-A, and VEGF-D in the aqueous humor were significantly higher in the nAMD group and PCV group than the control (nAMD vs control, p=0.004, 0.002, 0.005, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, 0.023, <0.0001, <0.0001, respectively, PCV vs control, p=0.031, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, 0.026, <0.0001, <0.0001, respectively). In contrast, the levels of BDNF, HGF, IP-10, MCP-1, and IL-13 in the aqueous humor were significantly lower in the nAMD group and PCV group than control (nAMD vs control, p=<0.0001, <0.0001, 0.003, <0.0001, <0.0001, respectively, PCV vs control, p=<0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, respectively). There were significant correlations among nAMD group, PCV group and control group in aqueous humor levels of HGF, IP-10, MCP-1, IL-13, IL-31, LIF, SDF1-α, VEGF-A, VEGF-D by multivariate logistic analysis.Conclusions Various cytokines involved in inflammation and angiogenesis including HGF, IP-10, MCP-1, IL-13, IL-31, LIF, SDF1-α, VEGF-A and VEGF-D may contribute to the pathogenesis of nAMD and PCV. Measurement of IL-8 and IL-12p70 in the aqueous humor may help to differentiate nAMD and PCV.
Expressed demand for healthcare services in regional South Australia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Leach Matthew , Walsh Sandra , Muyambi Kuda , Gillam Marianne , Jones Martin
Published: August 2019

Background

Accessibility and availability of health care services/providers is an increasing concern for many regional communities, particularly regional South Australia. However, in order to ascertain the health service/workforce requirements of this community, it is important to understand the health care needs of the population. Assessing the level of health service/provider utilisation within the region (i.e. expressed demand) can be useful in determining both health care need, and health service/workforce demand. This can be helpful for informing future health workforce and health services planning.

Methods

The regional South Australia health (RESONATE) survey aimed to determine the expressed demand for health care services and the health workforce in a regional South Australian population. The study was open to adults living in regional South Australia and was promoted using a comprehensive multi-modal recruitment campaign. Data were collected between April 2017 and March 2018 using the consumer utilization, expectations and experiences of healthcare instrument, which was administered online and in print.

Results

3,926 adults completed the questionnaire. Participants reported using 47 different health care providers in the previous 12 months. Whilst almost all (92.9%) participants had seen a general practitioner in the past 12 months, yoga instructors, chiropractors, pharmacists and physiotherapists were visited most frequently. Services/treatments most frequently received/recommended by a conventional health care provider were prescribed medication (71.9%) and dental procedures (50.4%); and by a complementary medicine provider, massage (26.1%) and vitamin/mineral supplementation (23.0%). Proportionally fewer participants in more remote locations received conventional services/treatments, though a significantly greater proportion of those in more remote locations had received complementary medicine services/treatments (relative to inner regional areas).

Conclusions

The findings of the RESONATE survey point to a high level of expressed demand for conventional and complementary health care services among study participants. Examining the extent to which the health needs of this and other regional populations are met should be the focus of further research to better inform future health workforce/services planning.
Developing a composite outcome measure for frailty prevention trials – rationale, derivation and sample size comparison with other candidate measures
Authors: Witham Miles D. , Wason James , Dodds Richard M , Sayer Avan A
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Frailty is the loss of ability to withstand a physiological stressor, and is associated with multiple adverse outcomes in older people. Trials to prevent or ameliorate frailty are in their infancy. A range of different outcome measures have been proposed, but current measures require either large sample sizes, long follow-up, or do not directly measure the construct of frailty.

Methods

We propose a composite outcome for frailty prevention trials, comprising progression to the frail state, death, or being too unwell to continue in a trial. To determine likely event rates, we used data from the English Longitudinal Study for Ageing, collected 4 years apart. We calculated transition rates between non-frail, prefrail, frail or loss to follow up due to death or illness. We used Markov state transition models to interpolate one- and two-year transition rates, and performed sample size calculations for a range of differences in transition rates using simple and composite outcomes.

Results

The frailty category was calculable for 4650 individuals at baseline (2226 non-frail, 1907 prefrail, 517 frail); at follow up, 1282 were non-frail, 1108 were prefrail, 318 were frail and 1936 had dropped out or were unable to complete all tests for frailty. Transition probabilities for those prefrail at baseline, measured at wave 4 were respectively 0.176, 0.286, 0.096 and 0.442 to non-frail, prefrail, frail and dead/dropped out. Interpolated transition probabilities were 0.159, 0.494, 0.113 and 0.234 at two years, and 0.108, 0.688, 0.087 and 0.117 at one year. Required sample sizes for a two-year outcome were between 1000 and 7200 for transition from prefrailty to frailty alone, 250 to 1600 for transition to the composite measure, and 75 to 350 using the composite measure with an ordinal logistic regression approach.

Conclusion

Use of a composite outcome for frailty trials offers reduced sample sizes and could ameliorate the effect of high loss to follow up inherent in such trials due to death and illness.
Investor to State Dispute Settlement
Authors: Kelam Ivica
Published: August 2019

Until recently, international trade agreements did not cause any public reaction and were considered irrelevant to everyday life. The experience of the existing international trade agreements from NAFTA, through TPP, to TTIP and CETA, which are in the process of negotiations or ratification, has shown that they have a huge impact on the daily lives of citizens and affect the entire society and economy. These agreements are negotiated and concluded by neglecting ethical principles, democratic procedures, and human rights, where only economic interests are taken into account. In this paper we will explore how these agreements undermine universal ethical principles and democratic standards through the ISDS mechanism, imposing the economic interest of large capital against the welfare of society, the individual, and the environment. We will refer particularly to the work of Alfred-Maurice de Zayas, the United Nations Independent Expert on the Promotion of a Democratic and Equitable International Order (also known as Special Rapporteur), who in his reports to the United Nations General Assembly and in media appearances fiercely criticises the ISDS mechanism and its implementation in agreements such as CETA and TTIP.
Francis Bacon and the Relation between Theology and Natural Philosophy
Authors: Çimen Ünsal
Published: August 2019

The Reformation in European history was an attempt to remove ecclesiastical authority from political (or secular) authority and culture – a process called secularisation. During the eighteenth and especially nineteenth centuries, however, secularisation gained a different meaning, which is, briefly stated, evolving from religiousness to irreligiousness. Instead of referring to becoming free from religious tutelage, it began to refer to the total isolation of societies from religion. For those who saw secularisation as atheism, having ideas which were supportive of secularisation and having a religious basis was contradictory. For example, Francis Bacon was interpreted as non-secular due to his usage of the Bible as his reference to justify his ideas regarding the liberation of science from theology. Contrarily, in this paper, I argue that Bacon’s philosophy of nature is secular. To do this, alongside addressing Biblical references presented in his works, I will also explore how Bacon freed natural (or secular) knowledge from religious influences by removing final causes from natural philosophical inquiries.
Fromm’s Notion of Spontaneity as a Solution to Foucault’s Problem of Freedom
Authors: Domjanović Luka
Published: August 2019

In this paper, I attempt to apply Fromm’s notion of spontaneity to Foucault’s system of repression. It tends to shed new light on Foucault’s problem of freedom, using the notion which Foucault largely underestimates. Difficulties of such an application arise because of differences in Fromm’s and Foucault’s starting points in analysing the causes of human submission throughout history. Nonetheless, there is a point of convergence: Foucault and Fromm both describe a type of individual’s escape towards the institutions of power. Whether these institutions are highly formalised or not, highly complex or rather simple, dispersed or centralised, they designate repression on account of their lack of spontaneity.
Andersheit und Verstehen
Authors: Klun Branko
Published: August 2019

Levinas’ Ethik setzt eine radikale Andersheit voraus, die aus (onto)logischer Sicht undenkbar und unmöglich ist. Die jenseits des Verstehens situierte Andersheit des Anderen duldet keine hermeneutische Vermittlung. Dieser Beitrag versucht hingegen zu zeigen, dass Levinas’ methodologischer Ansatz, der sich auf eine „Phänomenologie“ des Antlitzes stützt, nicht auf eine hermeneutische Reflexion verzichten kann. Wenn die Hermeneutik und die mit ihr verbundene Ontologie im Unterschied zu Levinas als radikal offen aufgefasst werden, verlieren sie ihren einengenden und gewaltsamen Charakter. Dies führt zur Frage, ob nicht eine Vermittlung zwischen Levinas’ Ethik der Alterität und einer (ontologischen) Hermeneutik, die dieser Ethik entsprechen will, möglich ist. Diese Vermittlung zielt nicht auf eine neue Totalität, die das Grundanliegen von Levinas verraten würde, sondern auf ein tieferes Bewusstwerden der Andersheit und ihrer Konsequenzen für die Ethik.
El populismo armado del movimiento 19 de abril (M-19)
Authors: Narváez Jaimes Ginneth Esmeralda
Published: August 2019

En el presente artículo se presenta un constructo analítico, basado en la teoría populista, con el propósito de abordar la praxis político-militar que desarrolló el M-19 en Colombia. Está basado en diversas nociones que están presentes en los debates actuales, acerca de la definición y caracterización del populismo, además de algunos análisis realizados con relación al anapismo y al gaitanismo. El objetivo consiste en hacer un acercamiento a la teoría populista y a los estudios que se han hecho del anapismo en Colombia y lograr diagnosticar la acción del M-19 bajo este entramado, analizando sus influjos y sus particularidades en el ejercicio populista.
La responsabilidad ética del duelo
Authors: Guerrero Salaza William Felipe
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo se propone abordar la relación que se puede establecer entre la ética y el duelo, a partir de autores como Simon Critchley, Emmanuel Lévinas, Judith Butler y Jacques Derrida. Teniendo en cuenta este objetivo, se sugiere que la demanda ética de la vulnerabilidad del rostro del otro implica la necesidad de repensar una relación ética cuando la muerte violenta acontece, lo que obliga a entender el duelo en términos de una demanda ética de llevar al otro en la memoria.
El desarrollo desigual como una característica intencional y estructural de la geografía y la dinámica del capitalismo
Authors: Caicedo Sarralde David
Published: August 2019

The present text is an intertextual analysis of Neil Smith’s affirmation wherein he states the uneven development as the main characteristic of the geography of capitalism. The main goal is to effectively validate Smith’s affirmation by contrasting his hypothesis with the authors and theories in political economy that offer relevant arguments to the discussion. A brief historic framework is drawn to account for the history of the geography of capitalism underlying four main periods: the agrarian capitalism, the 19th century, Keynesian Consensus and neoliberal era. Some of the most important authors in the theories of uneven and combined development are used to draw a line tracking the inequalities intentionally created from the dispossession, to the modernization and neoliberal practice of capital accumulation fostered by increasing inequalities in the context of uneven development.
Códigos para el direccionamiento corporativo: hacía el gobierno corporativo desde la perspectiva de la ética empresarial
Authors: Losada Cubillos Jhon Jairo
Published: August 2019

En el ámbito de la estructura del gobierno corporativo de las empresas ha surgido la necesidad de repensar los principios rectores de este, debido a diferentes factores que implican problemas de corrupción. He aquí que este proyecto, prevea la necesidad de plantear como objeto de reflexión la práctica del Buen Gobierno Corporativo en discusión con la idea de rentabilidad como componente fundamental de los objetivos institucionales de una organización. En la tarea de identificar los elementos éticos que propicien la teoría y la práctica del Gobierno Corporativo en las empresas de hoy y que afronten desde la perspectiva de una ética contemporánea problemas que embargan, cada vez con más frecuencia, a las organizaciones, el siguiente trabajo presenta una discusión que intenta proveer elementos para esta reflexión, los cuales se mueven en dos grandes momentos. En la primera parte se discuten algunos dilemas del Gobierno Corporativo planteados a partir de la relación legalidad-ética. Posteriormente, se realizará la síntesis de una propuesta de algunos mínimos éticos que pensamos ofrecen un respaldo sólido para los retos actuales del Gobierno Corporativo.