bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic management of early primary abdominal pregnancy
Authors: Kim Sung-Yob , Song Lim-Hwa
Published: May 2022

Abdominal pregnancy is a very rare case consisting 1.3% of ectopic pregnancy and occurring once in the 372-9714 of normal pregnancy. An early, pre-operative, ultrasonographic diagnosis of an abdominal pregnancy was made and successfully treated by laparoscopy in an asymptomatic woman with an 8-weeks abdominal pregnancy. The early, ultrasonographic diagnosis allowed an easy, mini-invasive, endoscopic treatment of the potentially life threatening pregnancy. We report the case and brief of lecture.
Study to Improve the Quality of Post Operative IV PCA
Authors: Parte Kwan Sik , Park Jong Cook , Kim Kwang Sig
Published: May 2022

Background: Uncontrolled postoperative pain not only delays postoperative recovery, but also leads to fatal cardiopulmonary complication. The postoperative intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IV PCA) is known to effectively reduce operation-related pain and thus improve postoperative recovery. We designed this study to find an effective method for improving the quality of IV PCA.Methods: Unpremedicated 44 patients were asked by a nurse for their preoperative anxiety and wanted pain relief score with numerical rating scale (NRS) from 0 to 10. Before closure of scheduled surgery, IV PCA started with a rate of fentanyl 0.2pgm/kg, ketolorac 180ygm/kg and 15 minutes lock-out time by automatic device. Postoperative actual pain relief and satisfaction scores were asked by the same nurse with NRS score at next day. Infused total and demand volumes were also recorded three day after.Results: Reasons of dissatisfaction were inadequate analgesia, side effects, high cost, and mechanical failure in order. Preoperative anxiety scores of female(5.78 土3.20》were higher than those of male(3.58 土 2.81Xp=0.042).There were no differences between age groups. Actual pain relief scores were well correlated with satisfaction scores especially in patients expressing inadequate analgesia as their dissatisfactory reason(r2= 0.93，p=0.001).Conclusion: To improve the patient's satisfaction for IV PCA, rate of dose must be elevated and preoperative anxiety should be reduced with the methods such as premedication and enough explanation especially in woman.
Transforming Growth Factor-β signaling on tumorigenesis
Authors: Her Kyu Hee
Published: May 2022

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β ) is a ubiquitous multifunctional polypetide and essential regulator of cellular and physiologic processes including proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis and immunosurveillance. Abnormal activation or inhibition of these TGF-β signaling pathway, including mutation or deletion of members of the signaling pathway and resistance to TGF-β -mediated inhibition of proliferation are frequently observed in human cancers. Although these alterations define a tumor suppressor role for the TGF-β pathway in human cancer, TGF-β also mediates tumor-promoting effects. TGF-β signaling transduction cascade is initiated when TGF-β binds to transmembrane receptors, either through differential effects on tumor and stromal cells or through a fundamental alteration in the TGF-β responsiveness of the tumor cells themselves. In the nucleus, Smads can bind directly to DNA and cooperate with other transcription factors to induce transcription of TGF-β target genes. Ongoing advances in understanding molecular and cellular contexts of this pathway will targeting for the chemoprevention and treatment of human cancers.
A study on changes of the CNS pathway to the entorhinal cortex by amyloid beta 1-42
Authors: Byun Kyunghee , Maeng Younghee , Lee Bonghee
Published: May 2022

Deposition of amyloid beta protein as amyloid fibrils or non fibrillar aggregations in senile plaques characterizes the Alzheimer disease brain. Microtubule associated protein tau is abnormally phosphorylated in AD and aggregates as paired helical filaments (PHFs) in neurofibrillary tangles. The purpose of this study were 1) to identify the entorhinal cortex pathway in the normal rat brain after PRV injection, 2) whether amyloid beta 1-42 injection caused the hyperphosphorylation of tau along the entorhinal cortex CNS pathway. For analysis, rats were sacrificed at 48 hours after PRV injection or cut, at 7 days after amyloid beta 1-42 injection. Brains were processed for immunohistochemistry against PRV. tau-P, or 6E10. PRV positive neurons were observed in several CNS nuclei including hippocampus, and tau-p neurons area appeared in several nuclei including TM. These data suggest that the hyperphosphorylated tau has been increased in the CNS nuclei along entorhinal cortex pathway, and this may cause memory disturbance in Alzheimer's disease patients.
Three Cases of Cis-AB without B Antigen Expression
Authors: Kang Sung Ha , Kim Young Rhee
Published: May 2022

The cis-AB bood type is a rare phenomenon in which both the A and B blood types are inherited from a single parent. The cis-AB persons are not homogeneous with respect to reactivity of their red cells to anti-A and anti-B reagents, and are split into three groups with on the basis of the strength and characteristics of the serologic reactions； these reactivities are A2B3, A1B3 and A2B. These differences of representative types is the effect of alleles coupled with that of cis-AB allele, and A2B3 , A1B3, and A2B phenotypes can be applicable to cis-AB/O, cis-AB/A1, and cis-AB/B genotypes, respectively.We report three variant cis-AB cases whose genotype were all cis-AB/A1 but B antigen was not expressed and reactions. All these cases were problematic because the paternity among parents and children blood types could not be explained with pedigree analysis through simple serological test. ABO genotyping was the very efficient and unique tool to investigate the inheritance mode of ABO blood type in these cases. Many questions about its mechanism, frequency, etc. raised their heads, which will become interesting subjects of studies.
Role of aripiprazole in treating medication induced tardive dyskinesia
Authors: Kim Moon-Doo
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To review the effects of aripiprazole in treatment of medication induced tardive dyskinesaMethods: Medline search was was performed using key words of 'aripiprazole' and 'tardive dyskinesia', we searched overall articles published between 2000 and 2008.Result: Aripiprazole inhibits central dopaminergic neuron activity by a partial agonistic effects on presynaptic D2 dopamine autoreceptors and also acts as an antagonist at postsynaptic D2 dopamine receptors. Through this mechanism, aripiprazole exerts activity as a dopaminergic agonist in hypodopaminergic states, while acting as a dopamine antagonist when dopaminergic activity is increased. There is also evidence from basic science studies that aripiprazole causes D2 receptor up-regulationConclusions: It is plausible that aripiprazole, by virtue of its dopamine agonistic activity, can potentially normalize D2 dopamine receptor up-regulation, this properties may play a role in both prevention of the emergence of tardive dyskinesia and the treatment of Tardive dyskinesia. Double blind placebo-controlled studies would be needed to enlighten this issues.
Stress and its correlates among married working women in jeju island : a pilot study in terms of depressive symptoms
Authors: Kim Moon-Doo , Lee Chang-In , Hon Seong-Chul , Hwang Seo-eun , Jwa Eun-Kyung , Kim Jeong-Jae , Bae Min-Ho
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To determine whether subjective memory complaint(SMC) in depression is related to the impairment of daily activities and to certain areas of cognitive function in patients with depression.Methods: 20 depressive patients without SMC, 16 depressive patients with SMC who visited cheju national university hospital from June, 2007 to January 2008 were assigned for the study. CERAD-K, MMSE-KC, BDS-ADL, K-GDS were used to check cognitive function and activity of daily living, and depression, the two groups were compared using x2 test and independent t-test.Result: BDS-ADL(Blessed Dementia Scale-Activities of Daily Living) [0.33(SD = 0.34) vs 0.75(SD = 0.71)] scores were statistically different between the two groups. SBT-K (Korean version of Short Blessed Test), Verbal fluency, Word list memory, Word list recall, CDR (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale), Naming, MMSE-KC, Constructional praxis,Word list recognition, Constructional praxis recall, Subjective Memory Complaint (SMC) were not different between the two groups. BDS-ADL was also found to a correlate of subjective memory complaint among depressed elderly patients after multiple logistic regression analyses.Conclusions: These result suggest that depressive patient with SMC is more likely to be in difficulty in activities in daily living.
The obstetric outcomes and treatment of myoma in pregnancy
Authors: Kim Ji Young , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

Uterine myomas are the most common neoplasm of uterus, occurring in at least 20~25% of all reproductive age women, and 1%~3.9% of pregnant women.Uterine myomas are observed in pregnancy more frequently now than in the past, with the increasing age of the obstetric population and the widespread use of sonography. Although most myoma remain asymptomatic, some of them cause various comlication during pregnancy, labor, and delivery. and these complications related with size, number, position, location, relationship to the placenta of myoma.The traditional management of myoma in pregnancy is conservative, but in the last few decades, the surgical techniques and anaesthesia have been improved and more and more studies have been done worldwide. So, the surgical management of uterine leiomyoma during pregnancy may be performed successfully in carefully selected patients
A Case of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome
Authors: Kang Chul Hoo , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the upper genital tract in women. The spectrum of disease ranges from asymptomatic infection to lifethreatening illness. Sequelae include chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. PID is diagnosed clinically. Laboratory and imaging studies are reserved for patients who have an uncertain diagnosis. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria include uterine, adnexal, or cervical motion tenderness with no other obvious cause in women at risk of PID. Empiric treatment should be initiated promptly and must cover Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The possibility of fluoroquinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae also should be considered. Therefore, hospitalization is recommended only when the diagnosis is uncertain, pelvic abscess is suspected, clinical disease is severe, or compliance with an outpatient regimen is in question. Patients also should be hospitalized if a surgical emergency cannot be excluded or if no clinical improvement occurs after three days. Routine screening for asymptomatic chlamydial infection can help prevent PID.
A Case of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome
Authors: Kim Seung Ki , Kim Sung Yob
Published: May 2022

The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by congenital aplasia of the uterus and the upper part (2/3) of the vagina in women showing normal development of secondary sexual characteristics and a normal 46, XX karyotype. It affects at least 1 out of 4500 women. MRKH may be isolated (type I) but it is more frequently associated with renal, vertebral, and, to a lesser extent, auditory and cardiac defects (MRKH type II or MURCS association). The first sign of MRKH syndrome is a primary amenorrhea in young women. It is usually with normal development of secondary sexual characteristics and normal external genitalia, with normal and functional ovaries, and karyotype 46, XX without visible chromosomal anomaly. The phenotypic manifestations of MRKH syndrome overlap with various other syndromes. Treatment of vaginal aplasia is creation of a neovagina to allow sexual intercourse. Psychological distress is very important in young women with MRKH, so counseling before and throughout the treatment is essential.A case of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome is reviewed with brief literature.
Papular sarcoidosis accompanied with anterior uveitis
Authors: Kim Jae-Wang , Ko Hye-Rim
Published: May 2022

Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic non-caseating granulomatous disorder of unknown origin. The cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis often enable the dermatologist to be the first physician to make the diagnosis. In the Western countries, maculopapular lesions are the most common cutaneous manifestation of granulomatous involvement in sarcoidosis. However, subcutaneous sarcoidosis has been known to be most common subtype in the Korean literature. Herein, we present a rare case of papular sarcoidosis accompanied with chronic anterior uveitis.
Sexuality In the elderly
Authors: Son Young-Soo
Published: May 2022

As time goes by from the 20th century through the 21 st century in which distinguished advance in civilization and remarkable progress in medical science have been accomplished. the average span of human life is markedly increased throughout the world. The current increasing tendency is also quite noticeable in our country，which have resulted in a strong growth in the elderly population aged 65 and older. ln the third age，sustaining a happy sexual life would be closely related to the establishment of self respect and self-preservation. so， therefore， in the field of the clinical geropsychotogical counseling， the parts of sexual life that are not brought to light should be regarded as a subject of prime importance. Before everything. in clinical geropsychological counseling，whether or not medical illness which could cause sexual problems exist should be ascertained. If they suffer from such medical illness，it should be properly managed before the counseler could take up the main subject, The elderly who lose one's husband or wife should be encouraged to have good chances to contact，meet. and even marry a new partner. In order to provide sound opportunities to the elderly and creat a elderly-friendly social environment it would be necessary for professionals who have adequate experiences in geropsychotogical sexual counseling and professional institutes which deals with the geropsychology sexual conflict to come forth in large numbers. In case of psychosocial problems，the elderly should be consulted with professional doctors immediately. Professional doctors who have the necessary competence of open-heartedness ， catholicity, and expertise would help Ihe elderly envisage Iheir problems squarely. Pro1essional doctors，other professionals who would be engaged in geropsychological sexual counseling ，and even generat geriatric care givers should hold on to the uncritical attutude toward the personal sexual orientation and individual characteristic of sexual behavior of the elderly.
A-type K+ channels as a regulator of postsynaptic excitability in neurons
Authors: Jung Sung-Cherl , Eun Su- Yong
Published: May 2022

Since their original descriptions, information encoding and storage function of mammalian brains have been explained by revealing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticities in various levels of a central nervous system. including hippocampi and cerebral cortices. The modulatory mechanisms of synaptic excitability correlated with neuronal tasks have been considered as fundamental factors to induce synaptic plasticities, which are dependent on the intracellular ca 2 + mediated signalings. In the present review, A-type K+ (IA) channel, one of voltage-dependent cation channels. is issued as a key player to modulate Ca2 + influx though synaptic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors and their correlated signaling pathways, The functions of IA channels previously reported indicate that they are integral parts of a synaptic complex that regulates postsynaptic presses of neurons performing memoryfunctions and learning tasks.
A case of juvenile dermatomyositis with esophago-pleural fistula caused by spontaneous lower esophageal perforation
Authors: Kang Hyun Sik , Oh Hyun Joo , Shin Kyung-Sue
Published: May 2022

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a chronic multisystem disease characterized by nonsuppurative inflammation of striated muscle and skin. Gastrointestinal perforation including esophagus is a well-recognized complication of JDM. Corticosteroid therapy in JMD may be the cause of the ulceration and perforation of the gastrointestinal tract regardless of the diseasecourse. We describe a rare case of a one year and nine months old girl with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) who developed spontaneous lower esophageal perforation with esophago-pleural fistula. Although the duration of the fistula closing was long, the fistula spontaneously obliterated without other surgical management. This is a rare case of JDM with esophago-pleural，fistula caused by spontaneous lower esophageal perforation
Pathophysiological roles and the molecular mechanism of mitochondria in neuronal calcium regulation
Authors: Eun Su- Yong , Jung Sung-Cherl
Published: May 2022

Calcium is an important signaling molecule involved in the regulation of many physiological as well as pathological cellular responses. Especially, the spatiotemporal pattern of local calcium signaling is critical for the specificity of cellular responses. We reviewed here pathophysiol0gical roles and the molecular mechanism of mitochondria as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in neuronal calcium regulation. The Iiving cells evoke calcium influx outside the cells and also induce calcium release from ER in response to many stimuli. However, severe and sustained calcium release from ER induces calcium uptake into mitochondria. Pathologically elevated mitochondrial calcium responses are accompanied by mitochondria depolarization. mitochondria permeability transition pore (mtPTP) opining and subsequent mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Ratiometric realtime measurements of intramitochondrial local Ca suggest that high mitochondrial Ca2+ is the crucial factor determinating whether cells : undergo apoptosis. On the other hand, calcium depletion in ER also induces ER stress which evokes protein folding defects and ER stress-dependent apoptosis. The recent growing body of evidence on pathophysiological roles and the molecular mechanism of mitochondria as well as ER could provide an insight for the development of new drug to treat neurodegenerative diseases in which pathogenesis either calcium overload or oxidative dative stress is involved.
Sonographic findings of a pharyngoesophageal diverticulum mimicking a Thyroid Nodule
Authors: Park Ji Kang , Lee Dae-Ho , Choi Gukmyung , Kim Bong Soo , Kim Seung Hyung , Jeong Sun Young
Published: May 2022

Pharyngoesophageal diverticulum is a relatively rare disorder. However, it commonly mimics a thyroid nodule on ultrasound. Recently, we experienced a pharyngoesophageal diverticulum that was filled with food materials and had a narrow neck. Herein, we discuss the sonographic findings of this case.
Cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Han Eun Young , Im Sang Hee
Published: May 2022

The objective of cardiac rehabilitation is to restore their optimal physical. medical, social, psychological status and to minimize their disability due to cardiac disease. Through aerobic exercise with careful electrocardiography monitoring, it reduces cardiac risk factors and helps secondary prevention of cardiac disease. This article review on physiology, prescription , and program of cardiac rehabilitation and- promotes its safety and importance to clinicians. The network of cardiac rehabilitation, based on regional cardiocerebrovascular center and interdisciplinary team approach should be emphasized.
Whole-body hyperthermia attenuates rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Ahn Meejung
Published: May 2022

Hyperthermia has been known to induce transient expression of 27 kDa heat shock protein (HSP27) in several types of cells in the central nervous system Little is known about the effects of whole-body hyperthermia in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the rat. The aim of this study was to examine whether whole body hyperthermia affect the clinical symptoms of EAE in rats. EAE was induced in Lewis rats that were immunized with guinea pig myelin basic protein (MBP)and complete Freund’s adjuvant. At 7 days after immunization, the immunized rats were divided into three groups including placed into a 42t incubator for 10 minutes, for 20 minutes and room temperature. The onset, severity, and duration of EAE paralysis in the whole body hyperthermia treated groups in the day 7 Pl-treated rats were significantly delayed, suppressed, and reduced, respectively, compared with those of the EAE control group. Moreover, the clinical amelioration coincided with decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells in the EAE-affected spinal cord. Collectively, whole body hyperthermia has shown to reduce paralysis in EAE, an animal model of human demyelinalin9 diseases.
Isoacteoside induces heme oxygenase-I via activation of ERK and NF-E2 related factor 2 transcription factor
Authors: Ko Dong Ok , Kang Kyoung Ah , Hyun Jin Won
Published: May 2022

Isoacteoside was isolated from Clerdendron trichotomum Thunb that belongs to Verbenaceae family. We found that isoacteoside the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in a time dependent manner, Furthermore, isoacteoside increased the expression of NF-E2 regulated factor 2 (Nrf2), which is a transcription factor of HO-1, in a time dependent manner. Moreover, isoacteoside increased the phospho Erk expression. Our data suggested that isoacteoside showed antioxideant effects via Erk activation, induction of Nrf2, and HO-1, in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells.
Role of 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone on γ- ray radiation-induced reactive oxygen species production
Authors: Zhang Rui , Kang Kyoung Ah , Hyun Jin Won
Published: May 2022

lonizing radiation can induce oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flavonoids are a member of polyphenolic compounds that occur in fruits, vegetables, teas and red wines. 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone, a member of the flavonoid group, was elucidated the free radical scavenging effect against γ-ray radiation-induced ROS production. We found 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone to scavenge the intracellular ROS deleted with fluorescence spectrometer and flow cytometry.
Protective effect of dieckol on γ-ray radiation-induced V79-4 lung fibroblast cell damage involved in modulation of reactive oxygen species
Authors: Piao Mei Jing , Kang Kyoung Ah , Hyun Jin Won
Published: May 2022

lonizing radiation can induce oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in cell damage and cell death. We have investigated the radioprotective effect of dieckol, which was isolated from Ecklonia cava, against oxidative stress induced cell damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells. Dieckol was found to reduce the intracellular ROS generated by γ-ray radiation. Moreover, dieckol also protected the cell viability damaged by the radiation through inhibition of apoptosis. Irradiated cells with dieckol treatment reduced. the expression of phospho histone H2A.X (a marker for DNA strand breakage) and the activation of caspase 9, which were induced by radiation. These results suggest that dieckol protected γ-ray radiation induced apoptosis of V79-4 lung fibroblast cells by inhibiting ROS generation.
A case of choroid plexus carcinoma with spinal metastasis in an adult
Authors: Huh Ji Soon
Published: May 2022

The author presents a rare case of choroid plexus carcinoma originated from right lateral ventricle and progressive multiple spinal seeding through cerebrospinal pathway after gross total resection of brain lesion in a 60-year old woman. The patient presented with one-year history of headache. nausea and vomiting. In spite of radical resection of the ventricular tumor followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy over the cerebrospinal axis. the patient expired with respiratory failure one and half year after surgery.
Measures of hospital competition: A sensitivity analysis for application in Korean hospital market
Authors: Park Hyeung-Keun
Published: May 2022

The purpase of this study was to appraîse whether Hirschman-Herfindahl Indexes(HHI) that were measured by using data of 2002 Korean patient survey were robust over a broad range of cut-off values that were applied to the measure of hospital market structure. Hospital's HHI was calculated by using 2002 patients survey data according to methods proposed by Zwanziger delineate hospital market area of each of all Korean hospitals, identify competitor hospitals and calculate each hospital's HHI. ln order to measure the sensitivity of the HHI to changes in rules defining hospital market, we adopt three criterion assesment: the average value of the HHI by 10 different approaches that defined hospital market and competitor; the HHI's percentile distribution over by 10 different approaches; hospital rank ordering over 10 different sets of rules. The average value of HHl for 10 different approaches is 0.11 (S.D. = 0.002). The distribution of HHI's percentile values stable under changes in the hospital market defining rule. In assessing changes in hospital HHI ranking by 10 different sets of rules, the degrees of correlation for 10 pairs exceeded 0.926. The results indicated that the consistency of the HHI across rules was demonstrated by the very high correlation. These results led us to the conclusion thal HHls that were measured by using data of 2002 Korean patient survey were robust, despite changes in the hospital market defining rule.
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and its correlates
Authors: Kim Moon-Doo
Published: May 2022

Finding and treating depression early can improve general prognosis of physical disease. The purpose of this study was to find prevalence of possible depressive symptoms and correlates of possible depressive symptoms to suggest baseline data. The study subjects were 690. residents, 337(48.8%) male, 353(51.2%)female of urban area of Jeju city and data was gathered from trained interviewer using CES-D and questionnaire about sociodemographicfactors and health behavior. Possible depressive symptom was defined as CES-D total score over 16. Prevalence of possible depressive symptom in urban Jeju city was 10.9% in total, 7.7% among male. 14.0% among female. Risk factor of depressive symptoms were monthly income and perceived health status. sex, marital status and drinking habit was not statistically significant risk factors. With intensive mental health service for those who are in low socioeconomic class and those who have poor health behavior. early detection of depressive symptom from community will be important to improve general health status.
A plan for improving the curriculum of medical ethics of Medical School in Jeju National University
Authors: Son Young-Soo
Published: May 2022

For the moment. the curriculum of medical ethics and medical jurisprudence of medical college in Jeju National University is having been somewhat appropriately constituted and have a right future direction through several times of mediation that have happened for a relatively short time. However, as of April 2009, the total lecture hours which is allocated for the subject of 'Patient-Doctor-Society Ⅲ (medical ethics and medical jurisprudence in byname) are 15 hours. That would fall short of the need which is necessary for obtaining the educational objectives of the subject. Judging from the subject matter, the subject of medical jurisprudence is Quite differentfrom that of medical law which deals with individual medical law and regulation in force So, therefore the subject matters of medical contract. medical accident, malpractice, and medical litigation are to include in the subject of medical jurisprudence. In order to get to the educational obectives of the subject, medical ethics and medical jurisprudence. the followings would be necessary. First, understanding and recognizing the importance of medical ethics and medical jurisprudence in medical education by the faculty of medical college or medical school, Second, earnest effort to cultivale men of ability for professional education in various dimensions of national government, locaf government, and University Through the interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary coffaboration. Third, open-mindedness and communicative understanding among the men of ability for professional educalion to participate in the field of educaling medical ethics and medical jurisprudence The first step of praclical and concrete alternative proposal for obtaining Ihe educational objectives of the subject, medical ethics and medical jurisprudence, is to eslablish a department which would have the whole respensibilty for operating the subject. for example. Department of Medical Ethics and Medical Jurisprudence and administer the interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary courses of research and academic degree.
Suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced acute liver injury by Callophyllis japonica
Authors: Ahn Meejung , Shin Taekyun
Published: May 2022

Callophyllis (C.) japonica, which is a red seaweed, have been reported to have hepatoprotective effect on chemical-induced Iiver injury. In this study, we assessed whether oral administration of C. japonica influences the changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced acute liver. The administration of C. japonica (150mg/kg) for 3 days before intraperitoneal injection of CCI4 protected the liver cells from necrotic and fatty changes around the centrilobular lesions histologically. Western blot analysis showed that pre-treatment of C. japonica in CCI4 injected group significantly decreased the level of iNOS expression, compared with those of vehicle treated CCI4-injected group (p<0.05). The immunostaining of iNOS in liver tissues in both groups was matched with Western blot results. Collectively, these finding suggest that increased level of iNOS in CCI4-induced Iiver injury is ameliorated by oral administration of a red seaweed, C. japonicapossibly protecting hepatocytes from Iiver injury.
Resectoscopic endometrial polypectomy and submucosal myomectomy
Authors: Kang Ho Jeong , Park Chul Min
Published: May 2022

To evaluate the outcome of resectoscopic endometrial polypectomy and submucosal myomectomy and efficacy ofresectoscopic operation. Study group were 18 patients, who diagnosed submucosal myoma or endometrial polyp during from May 2008 to December 2009 at Jeju national university hospital. Clinical characteristics, laboratory dala, preoperative and postoperative result were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 18 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, 11(61%) had endometrial polyp and 7(39%) had submucosal myoma. Mean operation time was 17.7 minutes and average duration of hospitalization was 3 days. Average deficit of Hb was 1.2g/dL. No operative or postoperative complication occurred. Conclusion: Resectoscopic operation is useful and safe method to diagnose and treat submucosal myoma and endometrial polyp.
Lamotrigine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Authors: Kim Jae-Wang
Published: May 2022

Lamotrigine is a new antiepileptic drug which is effective for partial or generalized seizure. However, administration of lamotrigine alone or in combination with valproic acid may lead to fatal Stevens-Johnson Syndrome(SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN). Although there are many published case reports of lamotrigine-induced SJS or TEN in Western countries, there have been few cases in the Korean Iiterature until now. Herein, we present a case of SJS associated with LTG.
Medical Humanities Curriculum in Jeju National University School of Medicine/College of Medicine - focused on the Pateint-Doctor-Society
Authors: Jun Kyung Ae , Sim Ki Bum
Published: May 2022

Medical humanities is defined as the study area to deal with the fundamental value of health care and cultural aspects in the internal medical referral service and standpoint to overlook medical referral servicefrom the entire society and it is also be considered as an attempt to explain all expects related to human disease and health based on the psychological，social，and cultural aspects. Jeju National University School/College of Medicine (JMUSCM) has opened the 'Patient-Doctor-Society(PDS) course' as a medical humanities curriculum since when integrated curriculum introduced at 2005. Medical school faculty equipped with much knowledge on humanities and social science have participated in developing practical courses. Medical Humanities Curriculum have been developed to meet educational and social requirements and the conditions of JMUSCM. For the development of advanced course of medical humanities curriculum in JMUSM，not only careers counseling and leadership improvement must be included in the course. and also an concentrated training courses for communication and various teaching methods must be developed. However，Support for Medical humanities and Jeju National University School of Medicine's community interest and active participation of students would be more required above any other things in order to achieve a marked effects from development of advanced course.
Approach to clinical diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction of man
Authors: Kim Young-Joo , Kim Sung Dae
Published: May 2022

The sexual dysfunction of man is mainly divided into four parts as erectile dysfunction, sexual desire disorder. premature ejaculation and orgasmic disorder. Above of all things, erectile dysfunction is the most important and common disease of these. The past, it is regard to ereclile dysfunction of man is natural event according to aging and little effort to improve or treat about it. But as the molecular biology and pharmacology become more and more advanced, it comes from biological factor and is possible to overcome. The preference of therapeutic option in patients of erectile dysfunction is various but becomes less invasive therapy. The phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (PDE5-ls) sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, urodenafil and mirodenafil are widely used as IirsHine therapy for erecli1e dysfunction (ED). Since the approval of sildenafil in 1998, more than 40 million men worldwide have been successfully treated with PDE5-ls. Pharmacologically, the proven safely and high tolerance of PDE5-ls is an attractive tool to investigate further physiological functions of PDE5, for example the modulation of intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) pools. The aim of review is to summarize clinical knowledge and practical approach about erectile dysfunction of man and to share with non-urologist in these information. Therefore, we recommend that even though non-urologist, it is worthy to know of this review.
Survey on the educational needs of 119 ruscuers in Jeju
Authors: Kim Woo-Jeong , Kang Young-Joon , Park Kyung-Hye , Park Ju-Ok
Published: May 2022

119 rescuer's ability in prehospital emergency medical system is very important for the better outcome of patients. The proper education program is needed to improve the appropriateness of prehospital emergency care by 119 rescue services. To establish the proper education plan, educational needs of 119 rescuers should be assessed first of all.
Antipruritic Effect of Fish Oil on Compound 48/80 Stimulated Mice
Authors: Han Sang-Chul , Kang Gyeoung-Jin , Kang Hee-Kyoung , Moon Sang-Wook , Yoo Eun-Sook
Published: May 2022

Itch, a skin sensation that provokes the desire to scratch, accompanies various skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis. In present study, we investigated the anti-pruritic effect of fish oil on scratching behavior mouse models induced by compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator. Fish oil or diphenhydramine, histamine H1 receptor antagonist, was orally administrated 1 h before subcutaneous injection of compound 48/80. The number of scratching was counted for a period of 20 min after the injection of compound 48/80 and fish oil inhibited the scratching number in a dose-dependent manner, but with potency less than that of diphenhydramine. Also, fish oil suppressed the serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and histamine induced by compound 48180. Especially, the inhibitory effect of fish oil on histamine release was actually stronger than that of diphenhydramine. Therefore, these results suggest that fish oil may be an effective source for improving allergic symptom of atopic dermatitis.
Comparison of students' results: Senior students' mock National Physician Licensing Examination results Vs. Revalued results of their Sophomore period based on Jeju National University Academic Affair Rule
Authors: Lee Chang Sub
Published: May 2022

Seniors’ sophomore period results (Result-2) were revalued based on Jeju National University Academic Affair Rule (JNUAAR) and those were compared with their mock National Physician Licensing Examination results (Result-4). The correlation coefficients were 0.6634 and 0.6520 by revaluation method 1 and 2, respectively and interpreted as "relativity high correlation" Statistically, about 44% of Result-4 variance was determined by Result-2 variance. Therefore, student assessment has to continue after sophomore period. Result-2 by revaluation method 1 also revealed that 3 additional students were classified as Fail Group. Two of them belonged to "lower 10% group" during their senior period. Therelore, if giving the credit based on JNUAAR, arguments concerning graduate inspection can be reduced very much.
Coexistence of Cerebral Aneurysm and Intracranial Meningioma : Report of a Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Lee Chang Sub
Published: May 2022

A 49-years-old man was admitted for a paralytic sensation on his right leg. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed meningioma on left cerebral convexity which compressed occipital lobe. Digital subtraction angiography showed unruptured cerebral aneurysm on left middle cerebral artery bifurcation area. To planning the treatment strategy of these two coexistence pathologies. the author considered two facts of this patient. Fact one, the patient's symptom was generated from peritumoral edema. Fact two, unruptured aneurysm was far from the tumor and might rarely be influenced by tumor surgery. Therefore, the author removed meningioma at first and clipped aneurysm three months later. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient did not complained any neurological deficits.
Effect of Ecklonia Cava on glucose consumption in rat skeletal muscle cells
Authors: Guan Jian , Park Deok Bae
Published: May 2022

Ecklonia cava is a kind of brown sea algae and its extract has known to be anti-adipogenic, anti-inflammatory, and so on. However, It less has been known about the action mechanism in regulating glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle cells. The present study investigated the effect of the ethanol extract of Ecklonia cava (E-EC) on glucose consumption and its related signaling properties in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells. E-EC slimulated glucose consumption as well as the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) from cytosol to plasma membrane in L6 muscle cells. E-EC also stimulated Pl3 kinase (PI3K)-dependent Akt activity, one of crucial signaling cascades for glucose uptake. Inhibition of PI3K suppresed E-EC-stimuated glucose consumption and Glut4 translocation. However, E-EC failed to stimulate AMPK. These results suggest that the extract of Ecklonia cava stimulates glucose consumption regardless insulin activity in skeletal muscle cells via PI3K- Akt pathway through stimulating Glul4 translocation to the plasma membrane.
Rengyolone inhibits MDC/CCL22 expression and STAT1 signaling pathway induced by interferon-y in HaCaT keratinocyte
Authors: Kang Na-Jin , Kang Gyeoung-Jin , Han Sang-Chul , Kang Hee-Kyoung , Yoo Eun-Sook
Published: May 2022

Rengyolone is a cyclohexylethanoid isolated from the Eurya emarginate (Thunb) Makino. lt has been shown to exhibit antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective and activated mechanism by which rengyolone inhibits IFN-γ-induced MDC expression in the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. We found that rengyolone dose dependently inhibited MDC production by lFN-γ stimulation in HacaT keratinocytes. Also rengyolone suppressed IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of STAT1, a key transcription factor infiltrating IFN-γ signaling pathway. Therefore We propose that Rengyolone could be used as a basis therapeutic material against atopic dermatitis.
Analysis on the Core Contents for the Improvement of Clinical Performance of Medical Students
- Based on the Experiences of Teaching Using Video Self-monitoring -
Authors: Kim Woo Jeong , Park Kyung Hye , Kang Young Joon
Published: May 2022

We aimed to share the experience of educating the clinical performance examination (CPX) using self video monitoring and to investigate the core contents for improvement of clinical performance of medical students. Forty forth-year medical students participated in this study in 2011. This course consisted of simple lecture one CPX practice and self video monitoring. They submitted two reports describing their opinions about this course and analyzing their CPX practice through video monitoring. In addition, their satisfaction score was investigated. Average satisfaction point was over 4.5 on a five-point scale. Common strengths and weaknesses were patient education, eye contact, sympathy expression, and gesture. Suggestion for improvement of this course was repeated CPX practice, and advantage of this course was that they realized their improper nonverbal communication using video monitoring and other students’ CPX. ln conclusion, video monitoring was effective CPX teaching method and patient education, eye contact, sympathy expression, and gesture were the core contents for improvement ofclinical performance of medical students.
Definition and Prevalence of Salt Sensitivity and Salt-sensitive Hypertension
Authors: Joo Seung-Jae
Published: May 2022

High salt intake is associated with significantly increased risk of stroke and total cardiovascular disease. Reduction in habitual dietary salt intake of 6 g/day decreases systolic and diastolic BP, but not in all hypertensive subjects. Salt sensitivity is defined as the tendency for BP to fall during dietary salt restriction and rise during salt supplementation. Salt sensitivity is diagnosed by a low and high salt diet protocol or a rapid sodium, volume expansion and contraction protocol. Prevalence of salt sensitivity ranged from 30 to 60% in hypertensive subjects and from 15 to 46% in normotensive subjects. Salt sensitivity is more frequently found in hypertensive subjects, blacks, aged people, and women.
Analysis on the Infection Control and Prevention of 119 Rescuers in Jeju
Authors: Kim Min Young , Kim Woo Jeong
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze infection control and prevention of 119 rescuers in Jeju. We surveyed the level of recognition on infection control and hand sanitization of total 149 recuers. Hand sanitization of 119 rescuers during the process of first-aid treatment were 2.19±1.23 before first-aid treatment 2.68±1.49 before transfer to emergency room 3.30±1.50 after transfer to emergency room and 3.91±1.27 after return to 119 center. The appropriateness groups showed higher hand sanitization than the non-appropriateness groups in all first-aid treatments. To improve the infection control in prehospital treatments, more education would be needed.
Eosinophilic panniculitis accompanied with sparganosis
Authors: Kim Kyeong-Deok , Kim Jae-Wang
Published: May 2022

Eosinophilic panniculitis is characterized by a predominant infiltration of eosinophils in the subcutaneous fat lobules. It hasbeen presented in patients with a variety of clinical conditions including parasitic infestation, eczema, drug, insect bite, systemicvasculitis and allergy. Sparganosis is a parasitic infestation caused by the plerocercoid larva, Sparganum mansoni. Herein, wepresent a case of eosinophilic panniculitis caused by sparganum. The final diagnosis was confirmed through the histopathologicfindings and serum ELISA tests.
Importance of an Orientation Program for Medical School Students:
-Survey in a Jeju Medical School-
Authors: Sim Ki Bum , Park Sang Hyun , Choi Yun Suk
Published: May 2022

Background: Jeju National University Medical School organized a week long medical school orientation program for newstudents in 2011-2012 called “Pre-Medical School Course” (PMS) to study the importance of an orientation program for newmedical students. The main purpose of this program was to orient the newcomers to the medical school undergraduate programand encourage them to actively participate in most school activities.Objective and Methods: We conducted a survey at Jeju National University Medical School to study student response to PMSimmediately after the course and 1 year later. We present an analysis of student feedback.Results: Most students (98%) were satisfied with the PMS immediately after the course in 2011; however, when the samesurvey was conducted on the same students exactly 1 year later, a severe decrease in satisfaction was seen. Most studentswanted an emphasis on hospital experience from the start of medical school.Conclusion: New students arrived at the medical school with many expectations and found the orientation program to beextremely important. However, this importance decreased in these students 1 year later. This raises several questions. Is theorientation program really not important or are professors and deans who have already completed medical schoolunderestimating the importance of orientation programs for budding doctors?
Update of treatment for Prostatic cancer
Authors: Park Kyung Kgi , Kim Sung Dae , Kim Young-Joo , Huh Jung-Sik
Published: May 2022

Prostate cancer is a major public health problem in South Korea. Various effective treatments have been introduced to thevarious types of literature. We will summarize the reasonable and applicable suggestions for appropriately selecting treatmentsfor prostate cancer. We suggest suitable management plan based on recurrence risk. At very low risk group, active surveillanceis applicable to minimize treatment complications. At low risk group, active surveillance is applicable to patients with a lifeexpectancy of less than 10 years, however, patients who have greater than 10 years of life expectancy need radical therapywith either surgery or radiation. At moderate risk group, active surveillance, short term neoadjuvant hormone and radiationtherapy are suitable at less than 10 years of life expectancy. At high risk group, concomitant radiation therapy and long termadjuvant therapy or radical surgery or brachytherapy are applicable to the patients. At very high risk groups, concomitanthormone and radiation therapy or hormone therapy only are suggested. In patients with distant metastasis, mainly, hormonetherapy is preceded. At castration refractory stage, Docetaxel based chemotherapy is recommended. If meaningful regressionfor prostate cancer progression is not inspected, treatment plan does just focused on patient symptom control rather thansurvival extension. To conclude, suggested treatment options should be suggested based on their stage, general condition andlife expectancy.