bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sources of Social Risks and Risk Management Arrangements
Authors: Kiniso Aman
Published: January 2023

Ethiopia’s major crises have been caused by institutional failures for which the government is mostly responsible. Institutional and structural flaws are typical causes of governance failure, and they may frequently be traced back to a failed institutional change. The source of social risks in the emerging literatures has not explained by an institutional trap factors. This chapter examines the origins of societal risks, risk management arrangements, and methods for urging institutions to manage risk in Ethiopia. A simple random sampling method were employed to select a total of 382 sampled households from 10 sub-districts. Structured interview schedule, focus group discussion, and key informant interviews data collection tools has been employed. The data were analyzed using principal component analysis and qualitative approach. The result of the qualitative analysis shows social risks faced by households caused from governance failures, institutional disincentives, elite’s exploitations, and inefficiency. The result from principal component analysis reveals that market based, informal and public arrangements was identified as institutional arrangements having high factor loadings The imply that institutional arrangements are crucial interventions in managing social risks. Thus, this study suggests a well-designed institution and institutional arraignments for managing risks and removal of the underlying sources of social risks.
MRAM-Based FPGAs: A Survey
Authors: Chandarana Peyton , Elbtity Mohammed , F. DeMara Ronald , Zand Ramtin
Published: January 2023

Over the last decade, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have embraced heterogeneity in a transformative way by leveraging emerging memory devices along with conventional CMOS-based devices to realize technology-specific benefits. Memristive device technologies exhibit desirable characteristics such as non-volatility, scalability, near-zero leakage, radiation hardness, and more, making them promising alternatives for SRAM cells found in conventional SRAM-based FPGAs. In recent years, a significant amount of research has been performed to take advantage of these emerging technologies to develop fundamental building blocks of FPGAs like hybrid CMOS-memristive look-up tables (LUTs) and configurable logic blocks (CLBs). In this chapter, we will provide a brief overview of the previous work on hybrid CMOS-memristive FPGAs and their corresponding opportunities and challenges.
Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Agronomical Traits in Strawberry
Authors: Karci Harun , Tevfik Habibullah , Ebru Kafkas Nesibe , Kafkas Salih
Published: January 2023

The cultivated strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is derived from Fragaria chiloensis and Fragaria virginiana species a few centuries ago, and it is one of the most preferred and consumed berries all over the world because of its a good source in terms of many nutritional elements. Strawberry has high genetic variability and adaptation to different environmental conditions due to its highly heterozygous nature. In the last decades, many farmers, breeders, researchers even consumers have started to focus on berry quality traits such as large fruit, uniform shape, high fruit firmness, high fruit sensorial quality (aroma contents), color, gloss, and resistance to pathogens. Thus, the development of novel strawberry cultivars or genotypes with high nutritionally quality traits has become one of the main aims in strawberry breeding programs. Biotechnological tools such as the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker-assisted selection (MAS) are the most widely used technologies in fruit breeding programs for shortening the breeding period. Identification of QTLs in agnomical important traits are very valuable tools for early selection in strawberry breeding programs. This chapter is focused on QTL and marker assisted breeding studies in strawberry to date and provides new perspectives on molecular breeding in strawberry breeding.
Appropriate Protective Measures for the Prevention of Animal-related Goring Injuries
Authors: Kumar Puranik Ashok , Vency Cardoz Althea
Published: January 2023

The most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in the age group of 10–49 years is road traffic accidents. Other than road traffic accidents multiple other factors add to the burden of injuries which include self-harm, occupational hazards, animal attack injuries and industrial accidents. Animal attack injuries are seen all over the world. Other than a few case reports and case series, this mode of injury is highly under-reported. Hence, the global burden of this disease is unknown. Due to the rapid deforestation, the number of animal attack injuries is increasing. These injuries can be caused by wild as well as domesticated animals. The attack can be due to a direct encounter with an animal or due to road traffic accident. Bulls are ferocious animals that are used for sporting events. They are also used for farming and livestock rearing. Injuries caused by bulls can be due to direct attacks by an unprovoked animal, road traffic accidents, or sporting events. The penetrating injury caused by the bull horn has its characteristic pattern. Treatment of bull horn injuries requires a multidisciplinary team. Creating awareness and enforcing laws can help in preventing such injuries.
Radiogenomics: A Personalized Strategy for Predicting Radiation-Induced Dermatitis
Authors: Regina Lima de Aguiar Beatriz , Neves Silva Guerra Eliete , Elaine Diniz dos Reis Paula
Published: January 2023

Although radiation therapy (RT) planning and execution techniques have evolved to minimize radiotoxicity to a considerable extent, adjacent tissues still receive a substantial dose of ionizing radiation, resulting in radiotoxicities that may limit patients’ quality of life. Depending on the location of tissue injury and the severity of the cellular response, there may also be a need to interrupt RT, thus interfering with the prognosis of the disease. There is a hypothesis that genetic factors may be associated with individual radiosensitivity. Recent studies have shown that genetic susceptibility accounts for approximately 80% of the differences in toxicity. The evolution of genomic sequencing techniques has enabled the study of radiogenomics, which is emerging as a fertile field to evaluate the role of genetic biomarkers. Radiogenomics focuses on the analysis of genetic variations and radiation responses, including tumor responses to RT and susceptibility to toxicity in adjacent tissues. Several studies involving polymorphisms have been conducted to assess the ability to predict RT-related acute and chronic skin toxicities, particularly in patients with breast and head and neck cancers. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss how radiogenomics can help in the management of radiotoxicities, particularly radiodermatitis.
Erectile Dysfunction Caused by Cavernous Leakage
Authors: Herwig Ralf
Published: January 2023

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a big issue in various populations with up to 30% of young men suffering from this condition. Unfortunately, treatment schemes are currently mainly focused on elderly patients with chronic disorders. In younger patients, ED is more a vascular problem, which affects the storage capacity of the penis. The impact of penile blood supply on erectile function was recognized some 500 years ago. At the turn of the twentieth century, the first results of penile venous ligation were published. Simple isolated ligation of the deep dorsal vein in humans for ED due to venous leak is currently not recommended, due to some reported low long-term success rates. This was, as shown in several literature reports, obviously due to insufficient technical possibilities. Technical development in imaging and vascular and endovascular treatment have dramatically evolved our understanding of this underlying condition in the past 20 years and turned this disease into a long-term treatable condition. The current state-of-the-art work-up of the underlying condition, using the newest imaging technologies with color Doppler ultrasound and CT scan with additional three-dimensional reconstruction, is to show the surgeon exactly the points to focus on. Additionally, a so-called corporo-venous insufficiency can be recognized as a mainly combined condition, affecting peripheral and more proximal drainage pathways at the same time.
Physicochemical Characterization of Nanobiocomposites
Authors: Dmour Isra
Published: January 2023

Nanobiocomposites (NBCs) have many applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, etc. The need for NBC physicochemical characterization is mandatory before investigating their usefulness in developing drug delivery systems. This chapter will explore the basic and the most recent techniques used in the physicochemical characterization of these biocomposites. Examples of physical properties include morphological properties using microscopy (size, porosity, etc.), particle size analysis and surface charge, powder X-ray diffraction, thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties, etc. Examples of chemical properties include molecular weight determination, solubility and purity assessment, degree of functionalization, and gelling properties, using spectroscopic techniques (UV, MS, NMR, etc.). For each property, the following points will be elucidated: sample preparation, factors affecting the accuracy of the test results, examples of data interpretation from the recently published literature, and test limitations, if any.
Plasma Nitriding-Assisted 3D Printing for Die Technology in Digital Micro-Manufacturing
Authors: Aizawa Tatsuhiko , Shiratori Tomomi , Suzuki Yohei
Published: January 2023

A plasma nitriding-assisted 3D printing method was developed to build up the micro-punch and micro-die systems. Two dimensional punch head and core-die cavity geometries were ink-jet printed or screen-printed onto the AISI316 and SKD11 tool substrate surfaces in following their two-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) data. The low-temperature plasma nitriding process was utilized to make nitrogen supersaturation only into the unprinted substrates. The sand-blasting and chemical etching were utilized to mechanically or chemically remove the printed parts from punch and die substrate. As sand-blasted and chemically etched AISI316 and SKD11 punches and core-dies were simply finished and used as a die set for micro-embossing, micro-piercing and micro-punching processes. In particular, a micro-pump was selected as a miniature mechanical element. Its 3D CAD geometry was sliced to 2D CAD data for each functional AISI304 stainless steel sheet. A pair of punch and die for each 2D CAD geometry for constituent sheet was prepared by the plasma nitriding-assisted 3D printing. Each sheet was punched out by using this set of punch and die to functionalize each sheet unit in correspondence to the sliced CAD data. These constituent sheets were assembled and joined to a structural unit of micro-pump.
Conservation Agriculture: Climate Proof and Nature Positive Approach
Authors: Mrabet Rachid , Singh Akashdeep , Sharma Tarun , Kassam Amir , Friedrich Theodor , Basch Gottlieb , Moussadek Rachid , Gonzalez-Sanchez Emilio
Published: January 2023

The development pathways of countries and regions have impacted land-climate interactions and shaped challenges, opportunities and actions. Adverse impacts of climate change increasingly threaten livelihoods and resilience of people around the globe, food security and the stability of environmental resources. Globally, the current food systems are not fit for purpose. Land-based options such as Conservation Agriculture (CA) were found to mitigate climate change, regenerate soils and ensure durable food systems. Achieving sustained results using CA systems, under climate change and social pressures, while maximizing co-benefits related to food and nutrient security, social and biological diversity, ecosystem restoration and services and sustainable development, requires appropriate country-specific policies and significant investment. CA implementation is challenging and context specific and necessitates an integrated framework and road map to enable deeper ambitions for social equity and development and inclusive economic growth.
Melasma: A Review about Pathophysiology and Treatment
Authors: Gonzaga da Cunha Marisa , Paula da Silva Urzedo Ana
Published: January 2023

Melasma is a very common disease that is manifested by increased skin pigmentation mostly in the face but also in the décolleté, neck, and arms. It is presented as irregular, light to dark brown spots, placed on the forehead. Cheek bones, mandible, and supralabial region. It usually affects women in higher phototypes (III−V), more commonly at a rate of nine women: one man. Melasma is a multifactorial disease, and we know that some conditions, such as pregnancy, contraceptives, thyroid diseases, hormone replacement, and solar exposure, could be a trigger to develop this illness. Despite not being a serious condition, melasma causes discomfort for those who have it, and it could compromise the patient’s quality of life. The goal of this chapter is to understand the pathogenic mechanism of melasma as well as revise the treatments of this disorder.
Patient Safety and Healthcare Worker Safety in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rangga Pribadi Rabbinu
Published: January 2023

Patient safety remains a concern worldwide. Failure in executing patient safety measures will result in serious consequences such as diminished patient\'s quality of life, increased morbidity and mortality, increased negative image, and public distrust of healthcare providers. Healthcare worker (HW) safety is also increasingly becoming a concern. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we should implement standards including COVID-19 screening, patient safety, healthcare worker safety, endoscopy room, equipment, and personal protective equipment (PPE). This review is intended to discuss the preparation before, during, and after gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) procedures to ensure patient and healthcare worker safety in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. A literature search was conducted from August 2022 to October 2022 and comprised several journals related to the topic. The literatures were searched on credible platforms such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Most of the endoscopy units were reducing the performance, down to 50%–90% reductions. The units prioritized cases using time-sensitive factors to urgent, semi-urgent, and elective classification. The endoscopy procedure is performed in accordance with protocols to maintain patient and healthcare worker safety. Adherence of gastrointestinal endoscopy procedure strictly to standards has to be implemented to protect patient and healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic.
Implantogenomic: Conceptualizing Osseointegration toward Personalized Dental Implant Therapy
Authors: K. Refai Ali
Published: January 2023

The spectrum of patients’ needs for dental implant treatment ranges between healthy individuals to those with complex diseases and compromised jaw bones. The aim of this review chapter is to introduce the application of personalized dental medicine to dental implant field as a therapeutic strategy that is best suited to individualized patient’s genetic makeup “Implantogenomics” to enhance their longevity and clinical outcomes. The ultimate goal of personalized medicine and dentistry is tailoring targeted treatment to the patient’s individual genetic makeup and having predictive outcomes. This approach will transfer the traditionally known “one size fits all” to an actionable model, tailoring therapy to individuals in a homogenous stratified group. In this review chapter, in analogy to pharmacogenomics, personalized dental implant and its implantogenomics concept have been proposed as a novel application of personalized dentistry. It is conceivable that the actionable model that integrates genomics and materiomics will accelerate the production of personalized implantable biomaterials and biomedical devices. Moreover, the convergence of multi-disciplines including biological sciences, material sciences, and computational tools may underpin the application of personalized dental implant therapy in the future. This approach will unleash the potential of advancing technologies to tailor dental implants targeting different subpopulations. Despite this optimistic goal, challengeable remains ahead of us where the conduction of well-directed scientific and clinical research is needed.
Retinal Dysfunction Caused by Autoimmune Mechanisms
Authors: Hirakata Toshiaki
Published: January 2023

Autoimmune retinal disorders have been identified, including acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR), AZOOR complex, autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) comprising paraneoplastic AIR (pAIR), cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR), melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR), and non-paraneoplastic AIR (npAIR). Patients with autoimmune retinal disorders typically present with sudden or acute onset of photopsia, photophobia, night blindness, rapid visual loss, and visual field abnormalities. The combination of multimodal imaging and electrophysiology is crucial because these diseases are challenging to diagnose. In particular, electroretinograms (ERGs) are essential for diagnosis. However, no treatment has been established to date. Additionally, a case of inner retinal dysfunction, thought to be a type of AIR, was recently reported. The diagnosis is difficult because most cases occur in one eye, and although the patient complains of severe photophobia, retinal imaging is almost normal, vision is preserved and there is almost no progression. The ERG is very characteristic, with cone-rod dysfunction and negative ERG. This chapter describes in detail the characteristics of AZOOR, AIR, and acute inner retinal dysfunction as new phenotypes of AIR.
Bacterial Alginate Biosynthesis and Metabolism
Authors: Vassoler Serrato Rodrigo
Published: January 2023

Alginate is a linear anionic heteropolysaccharide with a chemical structure consisting of 1,4-linked subunits of β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and its C-5 epimer α-L-guluronic acid (G). It is well known that the monomer composition and molecular weight of alginates affect their properties and influence their use in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Alginate is usually extracted from seaweed for commercial purposes, but can also be produced by bacteria as exopolysaccharide (EPS). Pseudomonas spp. and Azotobacter vinelandii are well-known alginate-producing microorganisms. Their biochemical machinery for alginate biosynthesis is influenced by changing culture conditions and manipulating genes/proteins, making it relatively easy to obtain customized EPS with different molecular weights, M/G compositions, and thus physicochemical properties. Although these two genera have very similar biosynthetic pathways and molecular mechanisms for alginate production, with most of the genes involved being virtually identical, their regulation has been shown to be somewhat different. In this chapter, we present the main steps of alginate biosynthesis in bacteria, including precursor synthesis, polymerization, periplasmic modifications, transport/secretion, and post-secretion modification.
Municipal hymns as expressions of social dreams and aspirations
Authors: Puguon Karen A.
Published: January 2023

Music is the food of the human soul. As a more rhythmic kind of poetry, music helps to capture and express the complex experiences of human life and reality. Municipal hymns are a type of music with a didactic purpose; they seek to promote the collective knowledge and moral uprightness in society. Yet, there is a dearth of scholarship on how such songs reflect the dreams and aspirations of their source communities. Therefore, this study analysed municipal hymns to determine how they express social dreams and aspirations of the Ifugao people. The study was conducted in the province of Ifugao in the Philippines. In particular, the Local Government Units were involved especially in obtaining the official local/municipal hymns. The study was qualitative and adopted an analytical design. The research further deployed structuralism and textual analysis for data collection and analysis. The findings of the study revealed that the hymns capture the dreams and aspirations of the Ifugao people. Through the hymns, the Ifugao express nostalgia for the good times of their history. They also express their desire for a morally upright society. The hymns further capture the aspiration for national values. The study provides a framework for interpreting municipal hymns and similar music to understand the collective value they have in society.
Artificial Intelligence, Transhumanism, and the Crisis of Theo-logos: Toward Theo-dao
Authors:   The Korean Society of Minjung Theology, Kim Heup Young
Published: January 2023

The recent initiation of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) brings about deep theological issues. The possibility that AGI can achieve digital omnipresence, omniscience, and omnipotence challenges the traditional doctrine of divine attributes. The anticipation that AGI will soon possess superintelligence endangers the validity of Western logos theologies that adopted the logos, a cardinal Greek concept, as the root-metaphor. Logos in Western thought has become narrowly defined as technical reasoning (intelligence) since the Enlightenment. This logos-centralism brought a theological reduction to perceive God as superintelligence, which could be equated with a superintelligent AGI. The advent of AGI could complete logos theologies with an ultra-intelligent and omnipotent God. In high-tech places such as Silicon Valley, new techno-religious movements already appear that enthrone and worship AI as a divine status. Furthermore, transhumanists fervently advocate a techno-utopian vision that, with the maximum use of science and AGI technology, humans can achieve the paradise foretold in the Gospel without tears, suffering, diseases, and even death. This paper critically analyzes these coming issues of AGI and Transhumanism to propose a macro theological paradigm shift from the theo-logos to theo-dao, adopting dao (Wisdom of transformative praxis) as an alternate root-metaphor in and through interreligious and interdisciplinary trialogue with East Asian religions (Confucianism and Daoism) and sciences/ technologies.
Religion Helps and Religion Hinders: the Psychological Functions of Religion
Authors:   The Korean Society of Minjung Theology, Kim Hee Sun
Published: January 2023

In this article, I would like to see how a religion function one’s mind. In order to do so, I will begin with reviewing Freud and Kohut’s thoughts on religion. Although their emphasis on the function of religion would be different, it can be said that the religion affects people’s minds both positively and negatively. Religious addiction can be an example of a negative side of religion; religion has a positive function in that it gives hope and comfort to human beings. Having said that, I wonder how religion would function in the psyche of Korean Christian women when facing domestic violence by their husbands; how religion would work for them in order to make some pastoral implication from Korean context and seek some alternative pastoral theological suggestions. Like the double bind functions of religion, religious concerns can become roadblocks or healing resources for those dealing with experiences of domestic violence. If religion has both positive and negative functions for women experiencing violence, the purpose of this article is to enhance the positive functions and prevent the harmful functions by providing some alternatives. As an example, I introduce the theology of the cross. The symbol of the cross can be harmful when it could become a pressure for Christian women to endure their suffering. However, if it could show the way to the resurrection of women by overcoming violence, it could be a theology that saves many Korean Christian women suffering abuse.
Dialogue and Self-Confrontation: A Study of Ahn Byung-Mu’s Minjung Theology of Religions
Authors:   The Korean Society of Minjung Theology, Jung Kyeong II
Published: January 2023

In the 1970s and 80s, Korean Minjung theology and theology of religions(Inculturation theology) were in a tense relationship due to differences in their theological priorities. However, there was also a complementary relationship between the two theological movements in the Korean situation where the theological domination of the Western church and the political oppression of the military dictatorship were inseparably combined. Especially, Minjung theology, which included the minjung religious traditions of Korea as a theological paradigm, attempted a comparison and dialogue between religions from the beginning. Ahn Byung-mu, one of the founders of Minjung theology, was born and raised in a Confucian culture, and while studying abroad in Germany, he received a doctorate degree with a dissertation that compared the ren of Confucius with agape of Jesus. Also, he was interested in Buddhism and often wrote articles comparing Buddhism with Christianity. Throughout his theological journey, Ahn tried to overcome the subject-object dualism and personified understanding of God in Western theology through theological dialogue with Easter thought. More importantly, in his later years, Ahn applied the Eastern qi philosophy to understand the Holy Spirit. Though Ahn did not systematically theorize a theology of religions, he freely utilized the ideas of other faiths in constructing his theology in general and Minjung theology in particular. In addition, Ahn’s interreligious dialogue was conducted not only externally in his relationship with the religious other but also internally within his faith and theology. Therefore, in this article, I would like to explore the possibility of a Minjung theology of religions which is necessary for today’s religious pluralistic society by examining Ahn’s open, existential, and liberative understandings of other faiths.
PENGARUH MODEL SNOWBALL THROWING PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR DI SMA NEGERI 1 TAMBUN UTARA
Authors: Fahri Ramadhan  , Yayat Suharyat
Published: January 2023

Dalam dunia pendidikan model pembelajaran menjadi ujung tombak tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran. Permasalahan yang sering ditemui dalam proses pembelajaran yaitu kurangnya daya tarik minat siswa dalam pembelajaran, guru menjadi perancang strategi pembelajaran yang cocok digunakan di kelas, yang mana harus mengenal berbagai macam model pembelajaran yang kooperatif digunakan pada situasi pembelajaran yang tepat. Salah satu model pembelajaran kooperatif yaitu model pembelajaran Snowball throwing. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas adalah kajian tentang situasi sosial dengan maksud untuk meningkatkan kualitas tindakan melalui proses diagonis, perencanaan, pemantauan dan mempelajari pengaruh yang ditimbulkan. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis data kualitatif yakni data dimulai dengan menelaah dari awal pengambilan data sampai seluruh data terkumpul. Tulisan ini berdasarkan temuan di SMA Negeri 1 Tambun Utara sebagai tempat pelaksanaan praktik kerja lapangan dan bahan penelitian penulis melaksanakan model pembelajaran ini di kelas XII IPS 3 yang memiliki kendala dalam proses pembelajaran membuat kurang minatnya belajar siswa karena model pembelajaran yang monoton. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan perbedaan nilai ketuntasan dari 3 tahapan proses penilaian yaitu penilaian siklus 1, penilaian siklus 2, dan penilaian siklus 3. penerapan model pembelajaran Snowball Throwing pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa di kelas XII IPS 3 SMA Negeri 1 Tambun Utara. Dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa model pembelajaran snowball throwing ini berhasil.
Membangun Kemampuan UMKM Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat Kelurahan Rontu
Authors: Nafisah Nurulrahmatiah  , Kartin Aprianti  , Mulyadin Mulyadin , Intisari Haryanti  , Aliah Pratiwi  , M. Rimawan
Published: January 2023

UMKM adalah salah satu sektor yang memberikan manfaat besar baik bagi daerah maupun masyarakat, dengan kemampuannya untuk menyerap banyak tenaga kerja, sektor ini menjawab ketimpangan antara pertumbuhan penduduk usia produktif dengan ketersediaan lapangan pekerjaan, selain itu UMKM juga mempunyai kontribusi positif dalam meningkatkan PDB suatu daera. Adapun permasalahan prioritas yang mendasari kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang kewirausahaan mengingat sebagian besar diantara mereka masih berumur mudah. Secara khusus masalah dalam pengabdian ini adalah upaya-upaya apa yang dilakukan untuk memberikan bimbingan agar dapat mengetahui dan memahami kewirausahaan adalah bukan harus memulai suatu usaha dan mengelola usaha dengan baik, dengan kata lain harus memiliki usaha, akan tetapi juga mampu menjawab tantangan-tantangan dan memanfaatkan peluangpeluang yang ada. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, demonstrasi, diskusi, tanya jawab, dan mitra pendamping. Hasil yang dicapai dari Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyrakat ini menambah pengetahuan masyarakat terkait kewirausahaan yaitu konsep dasar UMKM, pengembangan sumber daya manusia UMKM, dan upaya pemerintah untuk memajukan UMKM Indonesia.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw pada Materi PAI untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa Kelas XII di SMA Negeri 1 Tambun Utara
Authors: Bunga Okta Maula Ikami  , Yayat Suharyat
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki maksud untuk menerapkan model pembelajaran Jigsaw pada materi pelajaran PAI  kelas XII di SMAN 1 Tambun Utara. Metode penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif yang diambil dari subjek 35 siswa kelas XII melalui tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Persoalan siswa yang cenderung bosan saat belajar, kurang memiliki kepercayaan diri dan keberanian dalam menyampaikan materi pembelajaran ternyata menjadi penghambat dalam meningkatkan keaktifan belajar di kelas. Pemberian model pembelajaran Jigsaw menjadikan siswa untuk memiliki sikap kerja sama antar teman dengan saling menghargai satu sama lain dan tidak membeda-bedakan dan memberikan ruang untuk siswa berdiskusi mengenai materi atau pertanyaan yang menjadi tanggungjawabnya, menampilkan keberanian dan kepercayaan diri untuk mengungkapkan jawaban, sehingga mampu untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa saat belajar di kelas. Maka dari itu model pembelaajran Jigsaw bisa menjadi alternatif strategi pembelajaran untuk diterapkan bagi guru PAI saat menjelaskan dan mempelajari pelajaran PAI.
PERPADUAN SISTEM INORMASI MANAJEMEN DAN PEMASARAN DALAM PERDAGANGAN ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Yunita Budi Alifya Miranti  , Hwihanus Hwihanus
Published: January 2023

Perkembangan Internet menciptakan banyak peluang untuk kehidupan manusia, untuk bisnis, untuk pengusaha, dan untuk konsumen. Di sini, kami membahas beberapa peluang tersebut; dan kami berkonsentrasi pada perspektif yang ditawarkan oleh dua disiplin ilmu terkait: Pemasaran dan Sistem Informasi Manajemen. Secara khusus, kami membahas bagaimana perkembangan perdagangan elektronik menciptakan peluang bagi kedua disiplin  ini untuk membentuk aliansi yang berpotensi meningkatkan pengetahuan kita tentang interaksi manusia di dunia maya.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Guru terhadap Pendidikan Karakter Di TPQ
Authors: Hadi Mahrus
Published: January 2023

The teacher is one of the important factors in the implementation of classroom learning, without a teacher the learning process cannot be carried out. The teacher has an important role in the learning process because the teacher not only delivers the subject matter, but the teacher also provides character education to students, namely educating students to become smart citizens and have a good personality. Teachers must know and be able to apply innovative and fun learning models and methods. This study aims to determine: 1) To determine the competence of TPQ teachers 2) to determine the character education of TPQ students 3) The effect of teacher competence on character education of students in TPQ.The most relevant approach to this research is the socio-cultural approach. The material taught may be a package from an institution that holds policy authority, but the way of delivering the material is the responsibility of the educator. The success of the packaged material is about how the methods of educators are to spread, transfer knowledge so that it can be fully accepted by students according to the level of education
Rancangan Media CAI (Assited Intruction Computer) Educational Games Berbasis Adobe Flash Cs6 Dalam Bentuk Game Pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Kelas VII Di Madrasah Ponpes.Sumatera Thawalib Parabek
Authors: Irman Efendi Irman
Published: January 2023

Metode pembelajaran berbasis Multiple Intelegent adalah proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media dalam proses pembelajaran seperti komputer, infocus, media gambar, audio,dan visual. seorang guru harus menggunakan sebuah media dalam proses pembelajan karena siswa cenderung lebih tertarik kepada hal-hal yang menggunakan gambar, gerakan dan suara dalam proses pembelajaran, media yang digunakan adalah media biasa di pakai seperti Power point dan media papan tuis.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) adalah metode penelitian yang di gunakan untuk menghasilkan poduk tertentu, dan menguji keefektifan produk tersebut. Pemelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunkan perangkat komputer untuk melakukan perancangan, pengujian dan pengoptimalan produk. Penelitian ini mengunakan model ADDIE yang dikembangkan oleh Reiser dan Mollenda. ADDIE merupakan singkatan dari ( Analysis, Design, Devolopment Of Production, Implementation Or Delivery And Evaluation. model dapat digunakan berbagai macam bentuk pengembangan produk seperti model dan strategi pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran, media , dan bahan ajar. Model pengembangan ADDIE terdiri atas 5 langkah pokok yaitu Analysis, Design, Devolopment, And Evaluation.

Hasil penelitian dari media pembelajaran IPS dalam bentuk Game ini berupa tahap analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluasi yang dilakukan adalah semua tahapan yang dimulai dari pengumpulan bahan materi sampai proses pembuatan media tersebut menggunkan Aplikasi Adobe flash CS6. Pengaruh media pembelajaran dalam bentuk menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6 sebagai media pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar sesuai dengan pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap siswa dan guru berupa pegisian angket produk.Media yang didengan rancang sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa dan guru IPS, hal ini telah ditelaah oleh pakar IT, guru, dan siswa.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI KONTRAK KARYAWAN PADA RS. THURSINA MENGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN VB.NET DAN DATABASE MYSQL
Authors: Surya Candra , Sara Siti
Published: January 2023

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat di era sekarang ini membuat hampir semua sektor jasa termasuk Rumah Sakit tidak dapat lepas dari perkembangan dan penggunaan teknologi. Objek penelitian penulis adalah Rumah Sakit Thursina, Untuk mendapatkan informasi yang akurat dan cepat berkaitan dengan kontrak karyawan. Pada sektor jasa terutama Rumah Sakit, komputer sudah menjadi alat yang sangat diperlukan dalam melakukan kegiatan terutama bagi Rumah Sakit untuk mengelolah data. Saat ini pemanfaatan komputer dalam pelayanan dan kegiatan teknis khususnya Rumah Sakit Thursina belum dilakukan secara optimal. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, perlu sebuah sistem yang dirancang sedemikian rupa yang kemudian dapat mengakomodir permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut. Dalam hal ini sebuah sistem/aplikasi berbasis database MySQL digunakan untuk menampung data-data tersebut dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Visual Basic.NET yang dikembangkan sedemikian rupa sebagai media untuk memasukkan data ke database. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem informasi kontrak karyawan yang berbasis Visual Basic.NET dan Database MySQL yang dapat mempermudah dan mempercepat proses yang berhubungan dengan kontrak karyawan. Sistem informasi ini menyajikan data-data kontrak karyawan yang diproses secara cepat dengan meminimalisir terjadinya kesalahan dan tersimpan dalam sebuah database.

Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi, Kontrak Karyawan, Visual Basic.Net, MySQL
Cortical Thinning in High-Grade Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Authors: Marshall Randolph S. , Liebeskind David S. , III John Huston , Edwards Lloyd J. , Howard George , Meschia James F. , Brott Thomas G. , Lal Brajesh K. , Heck Donald , Lanzino Giuseppe , Sangha Navdeep , Kashyap Vikram S. , Morales Clarissa D. , Cotton-Samuel Dejania , Rivera Andres M. , Brickman Adam M. , Lazar Ronald M.
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose High-grade carotid artery stenosis may alter hemodynamics in the ipsilateral hemisphere, but consequences of this effect are poorly understood. Cortical thinning is associated with cognitive impairment in dementia, head trauma, demyelination, and stroke. We hypothesized that hemodynamic impairment, as represented by a relative time-to-peak (TTP) delay on MRI in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the stenosis, would be associated with relative cortical thinning in that hemisphere.Methods We used baseline MRI data from the NINDS-funded Carotid Revascularization and Medical Management for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis–Hemodynamics (CREST-H) study. Dynamic contrast susceptibility MR perfusion-weighted images were post-processed with quantitative perfusion maps using deconvolution of tissue and arterial signals. The protocol derived a hemispheric TTP delay, calculated by subtraction of voxel values in the hemisphere ipsilateral minus those contralateral to the stenosis.Results Among 110 consecutive patients enrolled in CREST-H to date, 45 (41%) had TTP delay of at least 0.5 seconds and 9 (8.3%) subjects had TTP delay of at least 2.0 seconds, the maximum delay measured. For every 0.25-second increase in TTP delay above 0.5 seconds, there was a 0.006-mm (6 micron) increase in cortical thickness asymmetry. Across the range of hemodynamic impairment, TTP delay independently predicted relative cortical thinning on the side of stenosis, adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, hemisphere, smoking history, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and preexisting infarction (P=0.032).Conclusions Our findings suggest that hemodynamic impairment from high-grade asymptomatic carotid stenosis may structurally alter the cortex supplied by the stenotic carotid artery.
OPPOSITION CANDIDACY AND ELECTORAL POLITICS IN TANZANIA: THE CASE OF ZITTO ZUBERI KABWE
Authors:   Department of Political Science and Public Administration, The University of Dodoma, Pastory Parestico
Published: January 2023

In an electoral environment where the playing field is highly contested, it is pertinent to learn how opposition candidates win elections. This narrative case study draws from observation of parliamentary elections in Kigoma North and Kigoma Urban constituencies in Tanzania to demonstrate how the opposition candidate maneuvered to outcompete candidates of the ruling party. It reveals that winning elections involves preparations for real or perceived electoral fraud. The paper uncovers practical strategies that opposition candidates’ in Tanzania use to counter election fraud and the challenges they are likely to face. These findings reinforce existing research on electoral integrity.
BOOK REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Political Science and Public Administration, The University of Dodoma, Katomero Jesper
Published: January 2023

Despite international support, continued expressions of political commitment, and general agreement on the desirability of a strong public sector, the public sector reform (PSR) agenda in the region is better known for its many failures than its limited successes (Yanguas, 2017). Why many states in Africa seem to be stuck in a spiral of corruption and institutional weakness while others somehow manage to build effective bureaucracies that are able and willing to tackle the challenges of development? These interesting questions raised by Yangus, capture the dynamics and politics of public sector reforms which have for decades been regarded by both international donors, government officials, and public administration scholars as critical for an efficient, responsive, transparent, and accountable public sector, particularly in the global south. Drawing from Tazania’s experience, Mutahaba, Bana, and Mallya in Reforming Tanzania’s Public Sector: Assessment and Future Directions shed some light on those pertinent questions.
Analysis of the Mediating Effect of Economic Policy Uncertainty Affecting Commercial Bank Credit
Authors: Meng Juan , Zhou Zhe
Published: January 2023

We analyze the annual microdata of China's 100 commercial banks from 2007 to 2018 using the mediating effect analysis method, analyze the negative impact of economic policy uncertainty on the credit scale of commercial banks, and then verify the intermediary effects of the operational risks and short-term capital liquidity of commercial banks in the impact of economic policy uncertainty on the scale of commercial bank credit, separately. Moreover, we find that non-state-owned commercial banks, large-scale commercial banks, low-leverage commercial banks, and commercial banks with low profitability are more susceptible to economic policy uncertainty affecting commercial bank credit growth through short-term capital liquidity, and vice versa.
Does High-Speed Rail Really Have a Positive Effect on City Consumption? A PSM-DID Approach With China Case
Authors: Hou Xinshuo , Li Dongyang , Peng Jianghuan
Published: January 2023

This paper evaluates the treatment effect of high-speed rail (HSR) operation on city consumption using the dataset of Chinese cities from 2003 to 2019. Firstly, the applicability of observations is discussed; secondly, observations with no appropriate contrast samples are dropped for more precise empirical results. Then, propensity score matching (PSM) is implied to have the database much more balanced and suitable for the difference-in-difference (DID) framework, that is, the PSM-DID approach. The main results find a novel phenomenon of Simpson's paradox regarding the HSR-consumption nexus, which indicates that even though we can observe the positive effect on the whole, the results argue negative relationships between HSR and consumption within subclass cities. In addition, a dose-response assessment (DR) and some other checks have been proposed to demonstrate robust estimation results.
Paratesticular Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in Children
Authors: Kuhn Elisabetta , Runza Letterio , Di Cesare Antonio , Gianelli Umberto
Published: January 2023

Context.—

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is an uncommon occurrence, usually associated with hematologic disorders, but it rarely presents as an isolated finding.

Objective.—

To determine the frequency, immunomorphologic features, and clinicopathologic background of EMH in orchiectomies from pediatric patients.

Design.—

All orchiectomy specimens removed from children from 2008 to 2020 in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Biopsies and neoplasias were excluded. The EMH diagnosis was rendered when hematopoietic cell precursors were present. Immunohistochemical stainings were performed to characterize the hematopoietic components.

Results.—

Seventy-nine orchiectomies from 77 children (mean age, 5 years; range, 0–17 years) were included in our study. Forty-three patients (55.8%) underwent surgery for testicular atrophy, 30 (39.0%) for torsion, and 4 (5.2%) for intersex conditions. EMH was identified in 6 of 79 orchiectomies (7.6%), all performed for testicular torsion. All patients but one were newborns, and the remaining patient was 15 years old. No patient had evidence of a hematologic disorder. All EMH foci were in a background of reactive changes with a variable extension, either in the epididymis (4 cases) or in the deferens duct (2 cases). Immunostaining confirmed an association of myeloid (myeloperoxidase+) and erythroid precursors (E-cadherin+) in all 6 cases. One case also presented rare megakaryocytes, and one showed benign TdT+ B-cell precursors.

Conclusions.—

To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates EMH as a common finding in orchiectomy samples, especially from newborns. Despite the lack of pathologic potential, it is important to recognize EMH in order to avoid misdiagnosis.
O combate à COVID-19 em comparação: Brasil, EUA e Reino Unido
Authors: Pase Hemerson Luiz , Patella Ana Paula
Published: January 2023

O objetivo é analisar as políticas públicas de combate à Covid-19, através da comparação dos resultados alcançados pelo Brasil, Estados Unidos da América e Reino Unido. O problema é qual a relação entre a concepção de Estado, as ações do governo e o comportamento político para o combate à pandemia da Covid-19? Os resultados apontam para que houve impacto direito das medidas de lockdown e, principalmente, da resposta social de isolamento no controle dos principais picos de transmissão e óbitos. Também foi possível perceber a relevância do sistema previamente estruturado para a suficiência do atendimento de saúde.
Entrevista Diplomata Gustavo Henrique Marques Bezerra
Authors: Bezerra Gustavo Henrique Marques , Silveira José Renato Ferraz da
Published: January 2023

A Política é um dos ramos mais dinâmicos e complexos do conhecimento humano. Desde Platão e Aristóteles, na Grécia Antiga, os filósofos se puseram a questionar as diversas formas de organização da sociedade. A pólis, a comunidade política ateniense, é o modelo original da democracia, evoluindo para as formas atuais da democracia parlamentar, cada vez mais inclusivas. A partir do século XVI, pensadores como Maquiavel deram um novo status e um novo significado à Política, retirando-a do terreno da moral religiosa para inseri-la no contexto dos assuntos humanos, com sua ética própria a reger os negócios do poder e do Estado (a virtù e a fortuna), de tal modo que podemos dizer que com o pensador florentino surge, de fato, uma nova ciência (a ciência política).