bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Double-gate tunnel field-effect transistor with inner doping and spacer regions
Authors: Kim Hyun Woo , Kwon Daewoong
Published: November 2020

In this study, a tunnel field-effect transistor (FET) with source-side inner doping and a drain-side spacer is proposed to obtain high current drivability and reduced gate-to-drain capacitance, simultaneously. The effects of the inner doping region (regioninner) are investigated with various lengths (L
ID) and concentrations (N
ID). As the N
ID increases, the more source-to-regioninner tunneling is added to conventional source-to-channel tunneling and thus the total tunneling current is enhanced. Moreover, with a wider L
ID, the on-current is reduced by the wider source-to-regioninner tunneling width and the source-to-regioninner tunneling is generated at a lower gate voltage by the L
ID-induced limitation of energy band bending. Also, the impact of the inner spacer is evaluated with various inner spacer lengths (L
IS). By introducing the inner spacer, the gate-to-drain capacitance can be significantly reduced. Consequently, the proposed tunnel FET has a reduced gate-to-drain capacitance as well as an increased tunneling current, which leads an improvement in switching delay.
PENGARUH TERAPI MUSIK SUARA AIR MENGALIR DENGAN BRAINWAVE TERHADAP PENURUNAN TINGKAT DEPRESI PADA LANSIA DI RUMAH PELAYANAN SOSIAL LANJUT USIA WENING WARDOYO UNGARAN
Authors: Pambudi Hubertus Agung , Dewi Christina Chintia , Anggraeni Hesti
Published: November 2020

Saat masa usia lanjut sering terjadi penurunan kondisi fisik/ biologis, kondisi psikologis, serta perubahan kondisi sosial dan ekonomi, yang akan berpengaruh pada seluruh aspek kehidupan termasuk kesehatannya. Depresi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan jiwa yang sering muncul pada lansia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh pemberian terapi musik suara air mengalir dengan brainwave terhadap tingkat depresi lansia di Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Wening Wardoyo Ungaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain pre-eksperimen design dengan menggunakan pendekatan one group pretest-postest design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 31 responden. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menilai tingkat depresi lansia menggunakan kuesioner Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 3 hari pada pagi dan sore hari selama 15 menit. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Marginal Homogeneity. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan dari uji Marginal Homogeneity yaitu p value 0,003 yang artinya p< 0,05. Ada Pengaruh pemberian Terapi Musik Suara Air Mengalir dengan Brainwave terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Depresi pada Lansia di Rumah Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Wening Wardoyo Ungaran.
Menyoal Fakta Pusara Korban, Membangun Budaya Damai Di Halmahera
Authors: Hontong Sefnat
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Among the interesting phenomena in Halmahera’s post conflict era are the permanently built tombs of victims in the courtyards of houses of worship (churches and mosques). An important question which arises from this phenomenon is: why were the tombs of victims built in the courtyards of the houses of worship? What is the meaning of this reality for promoting reconciliation and peace in Halmahera? According to the writer, an analysis on the way the Halmaherans comprehend this practice is important. By understanding the way the Halmahera people view and live out the meaning of the tombs of the victims, we can understand and anticipate any further impact of this practice. Through this article, the writer offers a sociological and theological study so that a road to promote peace building in Halmahera can be paved.

Keywords: Tomb of victims, martyr, syuhada, conflict, violence, reconciliation, peace, Halmahera.

Abstrak: Salah satu fenomena menarik dalam masyarakat Halmahera di era pasca konflik adalah adanya pusara korban yang dibangun secara permanen di halaman rumah ibadah (gereja dan masjid). Pertanyaan penting yang perlu dikemukakan melihat fenomena ini adalah: mengapa pusara korban dibangun di halaman rumah ibadah? Apa arti realita itu bagi upaya rekonsiliasi dan pembangunan budaya damai di Halmahera? Menurut penulis, kajian dan analisis terhadap penghayatan dan pemahaman masyarakat Halmahera terhadap realita pusara korban menjadi hal yang penting untuk dilakukan. Dengan memahami penghayatan dan pemahaman masyarakat Halmahera terhadap realita pusara korban, maka dampak yang ditimbulkan olehnya dapat dipahami, dimengerti, dan diantisipasi. Melalui artikel ini penulis hendak menampilkan sebuah kajian sosiologis-teologis dalam rangka menemukan sebuah “jalan raya” bagi upaya membangun perdamaian yang sejati di era pasca konflik di Halmahera.

Kata-kata kunci: Pusara korban, martir, syuhada, konflik, kekerasan, rekonsiliasi, perdamaian, Halmahera.
SANEAMENTO BÁSICO E PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL: ATENÇÃO PERMANENTE DO ESTADO NA EXECUÇÃO DE SERVIÇOS PÚBLICOS ESSENCIAIS
Authors: Camatta Adriana Freitas Antunes
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo tem por objetivo demonstrar, por meio de uma evolução histórica, que os serviços públicos de saneamento básico integram o conjunto das necessidades mínimas e essenciais à sobrevivência das pessoas. Assim, possuem expressivo reflexo nas políticas públicas, uma vez que se relacionam com diversas áreas como saúde, meio ambiente e urbanismo. Para tanto, a implantação de projetos de saneamento básico deve ser objeto de uma política pública do Estado para o planejamento demandado e adequado do setor.
MOBILE SMARTPHONE INTERVENTION FOR MANAGING GLYCAEMIA CONTROL IN THE PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Sesaria Tifanny Gita , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Bakar Abu
Published: November 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that is a global public health problem that has a social impact, economic impact, and quality of life for patients, which leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Uncontrolled blood sugar levels and long-term DM, affecting the pathophysiology of disorders including diabetic retinopathy, heart disease, kidney failure, hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia are needed interventions that can help regulate glycemic (blood sugar levels and HbA1c) (Sami & Ansari, 2015).Objective: This study aimed to identify efficacy mobile smartphone application for managing glycaemia control in the patients with diabetes mellitus.Design: This study design is a systematic review to search and review article from database and the theory underlying this study or guidance in this systematic literature review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA).Data Sources: Database search for article are from Scopus, Proquest, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Springer Link is limited to the publication of the last five years from 2015 to 2020 and full text article in English.Review Methods: This review methods in a systematic review based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA).Results: In this review literature, thirteen articles were found that fit the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of this review literature found that mobile smartphone impelmentation led to a decrease in HbA1c and fasting blood glucose in the patients with diabetes mellitus.Conclusion: The findings from this study help validate the efficacy of the mobile diabetes intervention for managing glycaemia control in the patients with diabetes mellitus. Keywords:  Diabetes Mellitus, Glycaemia Control, Health Education, M-Health.
FACTORS RELATED TO SCHOOL’S PREPAREDNESS IN FACING EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS IN DENPASAR CITY
Authors: Yusniawati Yustina Ni Putu , Suantika Putu Inge Ruth
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground: Earthquake is unpredictable, making it impertinent for all components of society to be prepared to handle, especially elementary school children. During earthquakes, students often experience panic, endangering their lives. It is, therefore, crucial to identify the factors affecting students' preparedness for disasters (LIPI, 2006).Objectives: This study aimed to determine the factors related to the preparedness of students in disaster prepared schools (DPS) to reduce earthquake risks in Denpasar City, Bali.Methods: This study used a descriptive correlative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study were all students of Public Elementary Schools (PES) and private schools (PS) in grades 5 and 6 whose institutions have implemented DPS, and the location of the school is in the city of Denpasar. Students chosen as the research samples received a brief explanation of the research process on the first page of the electronic questionnaire and parents can give consent to be research respondents when they approve their child to be a research sample. The instruments used in this study were 50, where this questionnaire was a standard questionnaire modified by researchers from LIPI (2006), Amri et al.,(2017), Hirano et al., (2011), and Davis & Izadkhah (2008). The univariate analysis identifies each research variable, namely disaster preparedness factors (knowledge, attitudes, infrastructure and CIE) and student preparedness in DPS. The bivariate analysis used is the Gamma test when it meets the requirements. Multivariate analysis in this study used the logistic regression analysis.Results: The results of this study show that Communication, Information and Education (CIE) has a robust correlation with earthquake preparedness (r = 0.761 and p-value = 0.000). CIE of DPS schools that are not good enough will lead to low preparedness of DPS students in earthquake disaster management by nine times.Conclusion: Knowledge, attitudes, infrastructure and CIE have a relationship with disaster preparedness school preparedness in the city of Denpasar, where low CIE can lead to a greater lack of preparedness for disaster preparedness school students after the variables of knowledge, attitude, facilities and infrastructure are controlled. Keywords: Preparedness Factors, Students, And Earthquake
EFFECT OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION EXERCISE BASED ON ARDUINO UNO ON BLOOD SUGAR, CHOLESTEROL AND URID ACID LEVELS IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: Elfira Eqlima
Published: November 2020

Abstract Background:Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training on blood sugar, choleterol and uric acid levels in the elderly in Medan Sunggal sub-district.Methods: This study was an experimental study with one group by examining blood sugar, cholesterol and uric acid levels before and after progressive muscle relaxation training. The research respondents were 39 elderly people in environmental areas II and III of Medan Sunggal sub-district. Blood sugar, cholesterol and uric acid levels were measured before the first session and after the end of the progressive muscle relaxation training session three times a week for 4 weeks.Results: The results were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon test using spss 26. Blood sugar and cholesterol levels have the same measurement results, while the pre and post measurements of uric acid levels have an increase in value which means that there is an effect of progressive muscle relaxation training on uric acid levels with a p value <0.05. . which means that Ha is accepted means that there is a difference between pre and post progressive muscle relaxation training based on Arduino Uno.Conclusion:Progressive muscle relaxation training only affects uric acid levels and has no effect on cholesterol and blood sugar levels in the elderly.
EFFORTS TO INCREASE INTEREST IN VASECTOMY FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS
Authors: Sulistyowati Agus , Widari Ni Putu
Published: November 2020

Family planning is one of the four pillars of safe motherhood, which plays a role in ensuring that each person or partner has access to family planning information and services so that they can plan the right time for pregnancy, the length of pregnancy, and the number of children . The factor of the lack of success of the family planning program cannot be separated from the lack of interest in the community, especially couples of childbearing age (PUS) using contraceptives. of them still consider the high cost and not easy to use the stable contraceptive method. The steady method of contraception is a method of contraception which in men is called a vasectomy . Based on data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), the percentage of male contraceptives using condoms is 2.5%. There are several factors that make men reluctant to take family planning, including low knowledge and understanding of reproductive rights, limited equipment. male contraception, social conditions, rumors about vasectomy and negative condom use (Depkes RI, 2010). According to Notoatmodjo (2010), knowledge is a big factor in increasing men's participation in family planning. One's knowledge of health can be obtained through health education, Ali (2000) revealed that health education is an educational activity carried out by spreading messages, instilling confidence, so that people are not only aware, know and understand, but also want and can do something. advice that has to do with health . Learning media or health education media that can and quickly deliver health messages include: television, radio, newspapers / magazines, posters / pamphlets, billboards / banners / banners, and the internet .

Key words: Vasectomy, Acceptors, Family Planning
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY MARKERS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS FOR FAMILY MEDICINE PRACTICE
Authors: Golubovska Olga A. , Vysotskyi Volodymyr I.
Published: November 2020

The aim: To identify clinical and laboratory signs of digestive system disease in HIV-infected patients for helping family physicians.
Materials and methods: Research was conducted at five regional HIV / AIDS centers in Ukraine during 2017-2019. Randomly selected 342 adult HIV-infected patients were divided into two groups, with concomitant digestive system diseases and without concomitant digestive system disease. Statistical analysis was performed using the software package EZR 1.41 (Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan).
Results: The incidence of digestive system disease in patients with HIV clinical stages II, III and IV was significantly higher than in patients with HIV clinical stage I. Gastrointestinal disease was also significantly associated with the incidence of tuberculosis, candidiasis, kidney disease and HIV encephalopathy. Incidence of asthenic-vegetative and dyspeptic syndromes, weight loss, anemia and leukopenia, elevated liver enzymes, low CD4 counts and detectable viral load levels in patients on antiretroviral therapy were significantly more common in HIV-infected patients with gastrointestinal pathologies. HIV patients with digestive system disease significantly more often had changes to their therapy regiment, interruptions in treatment and more often experienced side effects.
Conclusions: Digestive system disease becomes more common with the progression of HIV infection. Comorbidity of HIV infection and digestive system disease is characterized by changes in general clinical, biochemical and immunological blood parameters and patients with digestive system comorbidities more often have a poor virological response to antiretroviral therapy.
THE VALUE OF DENTAL EXAMINATION FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM DISEASES
Authors: Shundryk Marina A. , Marchenko Iryna Y. , Tkachenko Iryna M. , Boiko Viktor V. , Marchenko Valeriy Y. , Sheshukova Olga V.
Published: November 2020

The aim: The purpose of the study was to determine the correspondence between the location of the tongue median line and the degree of distortion of the vertebral column at different levels in children with scoliosis.
Materials and methods: Totally 56 children (30 girls, 26 boys) aged 11-14 years were examined, with a duration of musculoskeletal disorders 1-3 years. For each participant an oral cavity examination was performed, the position of the middle line of the tongue was determined. X-ray images of vertebral column of the patients from investigated groups were analyzed.
Results: In the group with 1year duration of the disease 25.02% patients had a violation of the medial line of the tongue, in the group with 2 years of duration of the disease - 65,52% participants had the deviation of the medial line of the tongue, in the group with 3 years of duration of the disease 86.66% of patients had the deviation of the medial line of the tongue.
Conclusions: This research allows us to recommend paying attention not only to the size, color, state of the papillae of the tongue, but also to the position of the middle line, which distortion may significate the deviation of the vertebral column in different portions.
REPRODUCTIVE CHOICE: INTERNATIONAL ETHICAL STANDARDS AND PROSPECTS FOR LEGAL REGULATION IN CERTAIN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Nykolyna Kateryna V.
Published: November 2020

The aim: The article is aimed at elucidating the prospects for the formation of universal ethical and legal standards in the work of medical workers in order to ensure the reproductive choice of a person according to the analysis of international documents, court practice of the ECHR, and the national legislation of individual European countries.
Materials and methods: Research materials include scientific developments of both domestic and Western theorists and human rights defenders in the field of medical law in the aspect of reproductive choice. The recommendations of the Center for Reproductive Rights in the USA, the World Health Organization, the United Nations, and the ECHR practices were of great importance. This article used the methods of searching, analyzing, organizing, and summarizing information.
Conclusions: It is necessary to ensure the provision and guarantee of reproductive choice for everyone at the level of the Constitution. Given the public debate about the contradictions of individual manifestations of reproductive autonomy, it is proposed at the first stage of legal regulation to develop national principles and ethical standards for medical workers in this area
LEGAL REGULATION OF THE PROPER NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AS AN INTEGRAL ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH COMPONENT
Authors: Soloviov Oleksii S. , Trotska Maryna V. , Derevyanko Bogdan V.
Published: November 2020

The aim: To investigate the legal basis for natural environmental protection as an integral environmental health component.
Materials and methods: In this work we study statutory regulations and scientific positions of scholars regarding above-mentioned issue. The study analyses generalized information from scientific journals by means of scientific methods from a medical and legal perspectives. This article is based on dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic and comprehensive research methods. Applying systematic approach, as well as analysis and synthesis, we investigated legal regulation for proper condition of natural environment as an integral environmental health component
Conclusions: Maintaining proper condition of natural environment is one of the main tasks of each individual at many levels - international, national and personal. This would allow to accommodate proper human activity. It is implemented through a comprehensive approach to recognize the value of natural environment in the development and improvement of human health. In said processes it is important to define the indicators that allow us to monitor the state of the natural environment and its changes in both positive and negative directions. Defining them at the regulatory level allows for laying down benchmarks that help in ranking those changes in the study
IS IT WORTH EXAMINING EEG FUNCTION IN PEOPLE UNDERGOING ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY?
Authors: Dobrakowski Paweł Piotr , Szyszka Jarosław
Published: November 2020

The vast majority of hip or knee arthroplasty finishes with improved limb functional status. Despite this, some patients do not recover; they “save” the operated limb; they cannot trust it. This also happens in patients whose range of motion and muscle strength are rated as very good. It is possible, therefore, that the causes must be located in the movement initiating centre, in the motor cortex. We can link the activation and changes in the metabolism of the cerebral cortex, e.g. during limb movement, with the changes in bioelectrical activity visible in electroencephalography (EEG). Conclusions: Our literature analysis shows that so far, no study has been conducted to check whether EEG activity changes over the sensory-motor region after lower limb arthroplasty. We propose the design of such a study with an analysis of potential difficulties that would have to be overcome by the team undertaking the challenge. The obtained data could be the basis for neurorehabilitation using the EEG biofeedback method. Effective interventions would further improve the quality of life.
Evaluation of collection spring barley varieties for valuable economic features for breeding in the central forest-steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Sabadyn V.Ya.
Published: November 2020

Aim. To conduct immunological monitoring of collection spring barley varieties against pathogens of the most common diseases. To select starting material with a set of valuable features for in breeding for pathogen resistance and productivity in the central forest-steppe of Ukraine.
Results and Discussion. The Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei, Bipolaris sorokiniana and Drechslera teres populations were found to be the most widespread in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Drechslera graminea, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Drechsler and Puccinia hordei were not common, and in only waterlogged years their damage intensity amounted to 10-15%. Complex resistance (damage 10.0 %) to three diseases – E. graminis f. sp. hordei, B. sorokiniana and D. teres was identified in the following varieties: Dokaz, Aspekt, Kuburas, Hanka, and STN 115. The recessive genes mlo were shown to be extensively and highly effective against E. graminis f. sp. hordei. Varieties Adonis, Bojos, Aspen, Barke, Class, Eunova, Josefin, Danuta, Breemar, and Madeira were resistant to these genes. Structural analysis performed with varieties of spring barley, which were resistant to disease. The following varieties were superior to the check variety in terms of length, grain number and weight from the main ear: Kuburas, Troychan, Sanktrum, and Yevroprestyzh.
Conclusions. We selected sources of complex resistance to diseases (damage  10.0%): Aspekt, Dokaz, Hanka, Kuburas, and STN 115. The donors of resistance to E. graminis f. sp. hordei (damage  3.5%) are Adonis, Barke, Bojos, Aspen, Сlass, Danuta, Eunova, Josefin, Breemar, and Madeira. The sources of valuable economic features are: by the ear length (9.7-10.2 cm) - varieties Kuburas, Vivaldi, Troychan, Sanktrum, Yevroprestyzh; by the grain number from the main ear (25.5-27.8) - varieties Kuburas, Troychan, Sanktrum, Koloryt, Yevroprestyzh, Danuta, and Eunova; by grain weight from the main ear (1.5-2.0 g) - varieties Kuburas, Vivaldi, Troychan, Sanktrum, Hanka, Koloryt, Yevroprestyzh, Barke, Danuta, Pivdennyi,and Eunova.
Formation and composition of training flax collection
Authors: Kryvosheieva L.M. , Chuchvaha V.I. , Kandyba N.M.
Published: November 2020

Aim. Based on the results of multi-year research into the flax gene pool, to form a flax training collection to provide breeding scientific organizations and educational institutions with collection samples as well as with information about the bast crop gene pool.
Results and Discussion. The studies were conducted in the crop rotation fields for breeding and seed production of the Institute of Bast Crops of the NAAS (Hlukhiv, Sumska Oblast) in 1992-2018. The field measurements and laboratory analyses were carried out in accordance with conventional methods of field and laboratory studies of collection flax samples.The article presents the results on the formation of a training collection of flax at the Institute of Bast Crops of the NAAS, which has 117 accessions (11 botanical species and three varieties) from 22 countries. In addition to species diversity, the collection includes accessions with different levels of expression of valuable economic and biological characteristics. It also includes accessions selected by phenotypic variability of individual characters or their combinations. The multi-year research into the flax collection accessions resulted in identification of sources of highly-expressed valuable economic traits, which are of interest for the plant breeding course. The history of flax breeding in Ukraine is shown, where breeding varieties that are most widespread or were significant breeding achievements in solving certain problems, are presented. The collection can be used as a visual aid for the plant breeding course in educational programs; in addition, it can provide starting material for scientific and educational institutions. The collection is registered with the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine (certificate No. 00273 dated 04/11/2019).
Conclusions. The studies of accessions from the national flax collection allowed us to build up a training collection and register it with the NCPGRU. The collection represents a wide range of biological and economic features of the gene pool of this crop. The collection can be used in the educational process of educational agricultural and biological institutions. The multi-year research into the national flax collection resulted in identification of sources of highly-expressed valuable economic traits, which are of interest to the plant breeding course. The history of flax breeding in Ukraine got covered, and breeding varieties that are most widespread or were significant breeding achievements in solving certain problems are presented.
Factors Influencing of Malaysian Muslim Women Consumers in Choosing Non-Certified Halal Foreign Brand Makeup Products in Mid Valley Megamall Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Idris Nor Awanis , Jamaludin Mohamad Aizat , Hazahari Noor Yuslida , Muflih Betania Kartika
Published: November 2020

Malaysia placed second among the top 10 of Halal Cosmetics country. Even though Malaysia is a halal hub, the awareness on halal products tends to be focusing on food products. In this millennial era, Malaysian Muslim women prefer foreign brand makeup products without halal certificate. Hence, this study attempts to identify factors influencing Malaysian Muslim Women Consumers towards choosing foreign brand makeup products and level of Halal understanding on choosing the products. It is significant because foreign brand makeup products are favoured by most of the consumers. Global brands seem to capture the developing countries consumers’ hearts because of the promised better standards of living and lifestyle. To begin with, a face -to- face interview has been conducted among 20 Malaysian Muslim Women consumer. The conversations were recorded and transcribed into a qualitative content analysis. Based on the findings, the factors influencing Malaysian Muslim Women in choosing foreign makeup products are divided into internal and external factors. Internal factors include quality, trust, loyalty, effectiveness, brand, price, safety, ingredients, confident and wide range of products while for the external factor is solely the influencer. While, the levels of halal awareness among Malaysian Muslim Women were categorized into basic, intermediate and advanced. This present work will be beneficial to the producer and manufacturer of halal market in promoting halal cosmetics to fulfil the demands especially for makeup products because Muslim consumers will purchase halal products if it is available in the market.Keywords: Halal Cosmetics, Makeup products, Malaysian Muslim Women, and Halal Beauty Industry
Характеристика плодів і насіння рослин Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott (Sophora japonica L.) та способи усунення їх твердонасінності в умовах Правобережного Лісостепу і Степу України
Authors: Курка С. С. , Шлапак В. П. , Адаменко С. А. , Іщук Г. П.
Published: November 2020

Насіннєве розмноження є поширеним методом розмноження деревних рослин. Цінність насіннєвого розмноження інтродуцентів у тому, що вирощувані з насіння рослини краще пристосовуються до нових умов середовища. І, як показав багаторічний досвід інтродукції рослин, насіннєве розмноження посилює стійкість наступних поколінь до несприятливих умов навколишнього середовища. При інтродукції Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott (Sophora japonica – софора японська) насіннєвий спосіб розмноження є простим та економічно вигідним. Вирощувані з насіння рослини мають сильнішу енергію росту, високу декоративність, а вирощені в умовах інтродукції рослини краще пристосовуються до нових умов середовища. Властивість насіння довгий час зберігати життєздатність не проростаючи є важливим чинником пристосування софори японської, що дає йому змогу переносити в насінній стадії несприятливі умови навколишнього середовища. Ця властивість проявляється в тому, що ріст зародка після його дозрівання призупиняється, і насінина переходить до стану спокою. У насінні софори японської в процесі еволюції виробилася здатність знаходитися в стані органічного спокою. Це зумовлено повною відсутністю здатності до проростання за сприятливих умов. Вивчення репродуктивної здатності рослин-інтродуцентів у певних умовах неможливе без оцінювання потенційних можливостей рослин до насіннєвого розмноження. З огляду на це метою нашої роботи було дослідити та вивчити морфологічні ознаки плодів та насіння виду софори японської. Для вивченні морфологічних ознак плодів та насіння софори японської особливе місце відведено саме насінню як окремій ланці у зміні поколінь рослин-інтродуцентів під час їх акліматизації. Отже, під час дослідження зразків насіння виду софори японської виявлено, що насіння, зібране на півдні України, має більші розміри і масу, ніж насіння, зібране в Лісостепу України. Передусім це пов'язано з тим, що на півдні більш м'який і тепліший клімат, а період вегетації рослин софори японської триває довше, що дає змогу насінню повністю розвинутися і достигнути, чого не спостерігалося в зоні Правобережного Лісостепу України. Зроблено висновок, що наведені методи усунення твердонасінності є задовільними, а їх застосування можливе у розмноженні софори японської у культурі. Найефективнішими методами є оброблення сірчаною кислотою та окропом.
Зміна діелектричних показників сосни звичайної в умовах напіввільного утримання кабана дикого
Authors: Кратюк О. Л.
Published: November 2020

На прикладі Центрального Полісся України показано особливості використання електрофізіологічних показників (імпедансу (R) і поляризаційної ємності (C)) є перспективним методом індикації стадій впливу напіввільного утримання мисливських тварин на лісові насадження. На території Центрального Полісся функціонує близько 30 вольєрів, у яких утримують кабана дикого (Sus scrofa L.). Досліджено сезонні зміни діелектричних показників сосни звичайної (Pinus sylvestris L.) на території вольєрів ТОВ "УТМР", ГО "ЖОМК "Касадор", ДП "Баранівське ЛМГ", ДП "Лугинське ЛГ", ДП "Коростишівське ЛГ" та ГО "Романівський МРК "Ірбіс-Брачки", площа яких не перевищує 5,0 га. Закладено 12 пробних площ (шість з яких – контрольні) у соснових деревостанах віком 60-91 рік, які зростають за ІБ-ІІ класом бонітету. Пробні площі розташовані у трьох типах лісу (В2-дС, С2-гдС, С3-гдС). Вимірювання діелектричних показників виконували у лютому-березні, червні-липні та жовтні-листопаді упродовж 2018-2020 рр. приладом Ф4320 на частоті 1000 Гц за методикою Г. Т. Криницького. Встановлено, що діелектричні показники мають виражену динаміку та характеризують сезонні зміни інтенсивності процесів життєдіяльності. Поляризаційна ємність на пробних площах коливалася у лютому-березні в межах 5,68±0,17-7,46±0,25 nF, у червні-липні вона зросла до 11,31±0,67-24,55±0,91 nF, а у жовтні-листопаді знизилася до 6,03±0,29-8,97±0,27 nF. Показники імпедансу впродовж сезону спочатку знизилися від 22,43±0,63-36,10±2,48 кОм до 10,20±0,54-21,83±1,35 кОм, а потім зросли до 20,50±0,59-33,35±2,49 кОм. Встановлено достовірну різницю діелектричних показників насаджень Pinus sylvestris для вольєрів ДП "Баранівське ЛМГ" (С – tф = 2,72-3,88 та R – tф = 2,24-3,05; t05 = 2,02) та ДП "Лугинське ЛГ" (С – tф = 2,78-11,69 та R – tф = 2,52-8,93; t05 = 2,02). Коефіцієнт варіації поляризаційної ємності на дослідних пробних площах за періодами спостереження становив відповідно 14,1-19,4 %, 16,6-31,5 % та 8,9-21,7 %, а імпедансу – 12,7-34,7 %, 15,7-35,2 % та 12,8-38,4 %. У червні-липні (період активної вегетації), на фоні загального зростання показників поляризаційної ємності та зниження імпедансу, відчутно зросли коефіцієнти варіації поляризаційної ємності на ПП ((Fфакт = 47,56 >> F0,95 (1; 21) = 4,35)) порівняно з попереднім періодом, водночас для імпедансу таке збільшення коефіцієнта варіації не спостерігається ((Fфакт = 0,24 < F0,95 (1; 21) = 4,35)). Отримані результати досліджень свідчать про неоднозначність впливу напіввільного утримання Sus scrofa на життєдіяльність дерев Pinus sylvestris.
Towards smart(er) resilient cities. Evidences from Romanian urban areas
Authors: Bănică Alexandru , Eva Mihail , Corodescu-Roșca Ema , Ibănescu Bogdan-Constantin , Opria Ana-Maria , Pascariu Gabriela Carmen
Published: November 2020

The investment in communication technologies has become increasingly prominent in cities, as they face a considerable pressure to become “smarter”. Connected technologies are able to collect and analyze data in real time, leading to predictive and adaptive decisions. However, being smart(er) does not necessary mean being more resilient; in fact, using sophisticated technologies may have some drawbacks that diminish the general resilience capacity of cities. The present paper aims to explore the relationship between resilience and smart city initiatives. The number of smart city projects is therefore firstly correlated with the resilience capacity (built on three dimensions: economic, socio-demographic, and environmental), then to the outcome resilience (calculated as the recovery following the recent economic crisis). The results show a clear connection between the most socially resilient cities, the share of employment in tertiary activities, and the implementation of smart city projects.
Falling into a digital world: how are paper and interactive maps used by digital natives and immigrants?
Authors: Słomska-Przech Katarzyna , Gołębiowska Izabela Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

Interactive maps are increasingly popular and have spread into everyday life. However, the pace of implementation of interactive maps may differ within different age groups. In order to adjust maps to user expectations and preferences, it is necessary to study disparities in attitude towards different types of maps in groups of various users. The aims of the study are to find out if the approach to maps of different media varies among age groups, and whether the frequency of use of interactive maps and their functions decreases with the age of users. A survey focusing on habits and preferences towards digital and paper maps was conducted among 80 users aged 20–72. Results suggest that the polarization of answers is lower than suggested by the Prensky theory of digital immigrants and natives: people of all ages who were tested have a lot in common in terms of interactive map use. Nonetheless, the youngest group has a strong preference for interactive maps.
Acute Toxicity Ethanol Extract of Bidara Leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) Against Liver and Kidney Function of White Rats
Authors: Dhuha Nur Syamsi , Haeria  , Hardyanti Eka Putri
Published: November 2020

Bidara plants have the efficacy as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial, anti-fungal and prevents tumours. Bidara is efficacious to protecthuman DNA cells caused by damage from actinic radiation. This study aims toexplore the acute toxicity test of the ethanol extract of Bidara leaves using whitemice as experimental animals. A total of 30 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistarstrain obtained from the Eureka Research Laboratory (Palembang, Indonesia)weighing between 200 - 250 grams. After one week of adaptation, the mice wererandomly divided into the following six groups, each containing five animals:Normal control group and Bidara extract group (50mg/kg BW; 150 mg/kg BW;450 mg/kg BW; 1350 mg/kg BW; and 4050 mg/kg BW). This study shows thatthe extract of Bidara leaves has a relatively high toxic dose, namely at a dose of4050 mg/kg BW. Bidara leaf extract at doses below 1500 mg/kg BW, shows notoxic effect on the liver. In conclusion, bidara leaf extract has a toxic dose above4000 mg/kg BW in Wistar white rats.
PERIOPERATION CHANGES COLON AND RECTUM MICROBIOCINOSIS WITH COLORECTAL PATIENTS
Authors: Zakharenko Aleksandr , Belyaev Mikhail , Ten Oleg , Trushin Anton , Rybalchenko Vitaliy , Dzhamilov Sherali , Kursenko R.
Published: November 2020

Most colorectal cancer patients prove to have dysbiosis of varying severity. Perioperative period contributes to the progression of the microbiocenosis disorders. It has been proven that a large role in the development of postoperative complications is played by the state of the colon microflora.
Materials. 211 colorectal cancer patient’s (T1-4N0-2M0) colon microflora was studied by PCR. Surgeries were performed laparoscopically. In the main group, developed diagnostic algorithm was used, in which initial colon flora was studied with dysbiosis progression risk determination by developed logistic regression model and perioperative correction of revealed disorders. Standards of dysbiosis treatment were used.
Results. 100% patients in control group proved to have dysbiosis of varying severity: 1 grade - 27,4% (n=14), 2 grade - 37,3% (n=19), 3 grade - 31,4% (n=16), 4 grade - 3,9% (n=2). Dysbiosis progression was observed in postoperative period: 1 grade - 7,8% (n=4), 2 grade - 51,0% (n=26), 3 grade - 29,4% (n=15), 4 grade - 11,8% (n=6). The same preoperative results were registered in main group. However, after perioperative correction there was 12,5% (n=6) 3 grade and no registered 4 grade patients. Long-term results were better in the main group than in the control group. Adverse events were significantly higher in the control group against the main group (15,7% (n=8) and 4,2% (n=2) respectively).
Discussion. We recommend preoperative stool analysis with PCR for colon microflora determination in order to further dysbiosis correction and treatment long-term results assessment.
THE ROLE OF METHYLATION OF A GENE GROUP’S ОF THE SHORT ARM OF CHROMOSOME 3 IN DIAGNOSTICS AND PROGNOSIS OF BIOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Ryabchikov Denis , Loginov Vitaliy , Kazubskaya Tatyana , Burdennyy Aleksey , Filippova Yelena , Lukina Svetlana , Pronina Irina , Dudina Irina , Chkhikvadze N. , Braga Eleonora , Vorotnikov Igor
Published: November 2020

Breast cancer (BC) is the multifactorial disease where different genes play the major pathogenic role with tumor-suppressor genes in particular. These genes methylation is supposed to be the common regulation mechanism.
The aim of the present paper is to study methylation in group of tumor-suppressor genes: RASSF1A, SEMA3B, RARP2, RHOA, GPX1 and NKIRAS1 in luminal and mioepithelial breast cancer, and to evaluate their correlation with clinical subtype's course of this disease.
Methods. Analysis of methylation was done in group of 174 malignant/normal breast tissue pairs and of 10 health breast tissue samples. Two independent methods a methyl-specific PCR (RASSF1A, RARP2, SEMA3B) and methylation-sensitive restriction analysis (RHOA, GPX1, NKIRAS were used.
Results. A statistically significant high methylation frequency for genes RASSF1A, SEMA3B and RAR-p2 were shown (the positive ratio ranged from 13.2% to 37.9%) compared with normal breast tissue (the positive ratio ranged 0-6.9%, respectively), (p<0.00001). We revealed high frequent methylation level of RAR-P2 gene that was significantly higher in the luminal subtype B with the over expression of Her2 and Ki-67 compared with Her2-negative type and low level of Ki-67 (44% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.0458 and 38.5% vs. 16.2%, p = 0.0059, respectively). Interestingly we report that 5 and 10 years survivability without methylation was 93.5%, 85.5%, and 91.3%, 83.7%, respectively, compared ones with methylation where was lower 80.3 %, 65.3% (p = 0.007) and 84.3%, 67.2% (р=0,038) respectively.
Conclusion. Methylation of RASSF1A, SEMA3B, RAR-P2, GPX1, RHOA и NKIRAS1 genes plays important role in tumorigenesis of luminal breast cancer by modulating their functions. Methylation of the RASSF1A and RAR-P2 genes is associated with an unfavorable the disease outcome. Identified epigenetic alterations in luminal subtypes BC could be included in the biomarker system to improve in evaluating diagnosis, prognosis of disease, especially for choosing the individual tactics of treatment.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT FOR LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER DEPENDING ON THE FACTORS OF PROGNOSIS
Authors: Mkrtchyan Liana , Kaprin Andrey , Ivanov Sergey , Kulieva G. , Krikunova Lyudmila
Published: November 2020

Purpose: to estimate the efficiency of the concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and radiotherapy (RT) alone for patients with the locally advanced cervical cancer (CC) taking into account prognostic factors.
Material and methods: The research included 335 patients with morphologically verified CC of the П-Ш stage on FIGO: 150 patients underwent RT (group 1): 185 patients - CRT with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (group 2). Patients in the group 1 were significantly older than patients of the group 2. The disease of the Stage III, parametric variant of the spread of the tumor, as well as metastatic lesions of the pelvic lymph nodes occurred more frequently in the group 2.
Results: In the group 1 complete response to treatment occurred in 98 cases (52.9%), while in the group 2 demonstrated - 64 (42.7%) patients (p < 0.01). Radioepithelitis of Grade 1 and 2 occurred more frequently in patients underwent CRT in this group haematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity was moderate and severe (p = 0.01). Study of late treatment outcomes with method Kaplan-Meyer demonstrated tendency to increase in indicators on the term of 5 years: the overall survival was 69.7±4.6% and 77.1±3.9 - in the group 1 and 2 respectively; the disease-free survival (DFS) was 69.5±4.5% and 75.1±4.1% - respectively; DFS at the II stage was 81.1±5.3% and 90.9±3.9% - respectively; at the III stage it was 56.4±7.3 and 66.1±5.6% respectively (p > 0.05). The variables that were found to be of independent significance for progression-free survival by multivariate analysis were stage of a disease, type of distribution and a morphological form of a tumor (p < 0.05); the method of treatment was not predictive in the probability of an adverse clinical outcome of locally advanced CC.
Conclusion: RT is an adequate method of treatment for a part of patients with II-III stages of CC of older patients with associated diseases, without reducing quality of life and also results of treatment.
HIGH-DOSE-RATE BRACHYTHERAPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER: DIRECT IN VIVO DOSIMETRY IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT AND REDUCING THE INCIDENCE OF COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Pavlov Andrey , Titova Vera , Tsybulskiy Aleksey , Sumin A. , Kokontsev Aleksandr , Kokontsev Dmitriy , Medvedkov Andrey
Published: November 2020

The technology of direct dosimetry was examined during a session of automated high-power interstitial gamma therapy for prostate cancer with a source of iridium-192 using a MKD-04 scintillation multi-detector dosimeter developed at the JSC ROSATOM. Miniature detectors of up to 5 pieces allow simultaneous measurements in areas of medical interest - the urethra and the rectum at different distances from the intrastats. The technology of direct dosimetry with rigid fixation of detectors is aimed at increasing quality assurance and reducing the frequency of complications. The dosimeter MKD-04 can be used for all types of automated brachytherapy, as well as in bundles of gamma-therapeutic devices to monitor the dose prescribed and actually received by the patient.
STUDY OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTORS IN THE BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE TONGUE AND LOWER ORAL MUCOSA RECEIVING THERAPY WITH MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES - CETUXIMAB
Authors: Frantsiyants Yelena , Neskubina Irina , Vladimirova Lyubov , Lyanova Aza , Pogorelova Yuliya , Surikova Yekaterina , Yengibaryan Marina
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study was to measure blood levels of insulin-like growth factors in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and lower oral mucosa depending of the efficacy of cetuximab chemotherapy. The study included the data on 50 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and lower oral mucosa T3-4N0-1M0. Patients received chemotherapy with cetuximab (n=30, main group) and without it (n=20, controls). Results were compared with the values in 20 non-cancer donors. Both groups of patients were divided into two subgroups: with stable disease and partial regression. Before treatment, blood serum levels of the two insulinlike growth factors IGF-1 and IGF-2 in patients were lower than in donors by 53.5% and 20.3%, respectively. A cycle of the standard chemotherapy in the subgroup with partial regression statistically significantly increased IGF-1 levels by 33% compared to the values before treatment, while IGF-2 was both within donor and initial values and the IGF-1/IGF- 2 ratio was similar to the initial level but 33% lower than in donors. Cetuximab chemotherapy in patients with partial regression normalized IGF-1 levels increasing it compared to initial values - by 87%. IGF-2 levels did not differ statistically significantly from their initial values and were 32.5% lower than in donors. The IGF-1/IGF-2 ratio was 58% higher than before treatment. Two therapy types demonstrated than cetuximab chemotherapy normalized IGF-1 in patients with partial tumor regression shown by the IGF-1 increase up to normal blood levels in effective treatment.
SURGERY FOR RESIDUAL DISEASE AFTER RADIOTHERAPY IN LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER
Authors: Shakirova Elmira , Panov Andrey , Akhmetzyanova Alevtina , Gafiullina Aliya , Ibragimova L. , Kirillov S. , Safiullina Liliya
Published: November 2020

Aims: Chemoradiation (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). However part of the patients develop recurrence during the first year after treatment despite good visible effect at the first follow-up. The role of completion surgery after radiotherapy (RT) is still debated. A number of papers have showed that up to 60% of patients have residual tumor after CRT and RT. But such a surgery is not widely recommended because of increased morbidity of the treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the results of surgery after radiotherapy of LACC.
Method: We retrospectively evaluated data on 86 patients with cervical cancer IB - IIIB stages (mostly stage IIB) who underwent surgery in different modalities after CRT and RT with good clinical response in our department in 2015-2018.
Results: When small asymptomatic residual disease was detected early after radiotherapy radical hysterectomy was feasible in most of the cases. Patients with clinical manifestation of recurrence had very poor prognosis. Surgery of recurrent cervical cancer sufficiently deteriorates quality of life, even if possible.
Conclusion: Thorough examination with adding MRI imaging after initial treatment of cervical cancer needed to identify patients who may benefit from adjuvant hysterectomy.