bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSUMER RIGHTS PROTECTION OF TANGERANG CITY PDAM THROUGH SERVICE QUALITY
Authors: Mareta Josefhin
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe PDAM of Tangerang City as a public service, it is inseparable from the risk of violation of consumer rights. This research used mixed method. Researcher concluded that the gap showed the PDAM of Tangerang City service quality not in accordance with customer expectation, that reflect the consumer rights have not been fulfilled. Based on the Law Number 8 year 1999 on Consumer Protection, the consumer rights to get education and claim compensation through class action. The cancellation of The Law Water Resources also provides consumer rights protection with create the six basic principles of water resources management restrictions.IntisariPDAM Kota Tangerang sebagai pelaku usaha pelayanan umum, maka tidak terlepas dari resiko pelanggaran terhadap hak-hak konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kombinasi. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa adanya kesenjangan menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan yang diselenggarakan oleh PDAM Kota Tangerang belum sesuai dengan harapan para pelanggan, yang merefleksikan hak-hak konsumen belum terpenuhi. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, konsumen berhak untuk mendapatkan pembinaan dan pendidikan, dan hak menuntut ganti rugi melalui gugatan perwakilan. Pembatalan Undang-Undang Sumber daya Air juga memberikan perlindungan hak konsumen atas air dengan melahirkan enam prinsip dasar pembatasan pengelolaan sumber daya air.
PEMBATALAN KEWENANGAN KOMISI YUDISIAL DALAM REKRUTMEN HAKIM DIKAITKAN DENGAN KONSEP INDEPENDENSI HAKIM
Authors: Ulya Zaki
Published: December 2017

AbstractRelationship problems Judicial Commission and the Supreme Court re-strained due to the addition of authority in the appointment of judges first instance courts. It is set in the third package of legislation, namely Law No. 49 of 2009, Law No. 50 of 2009 and Law No. 51 of 2009. The three laws are carried out judicial review to the Constitutional Court by Decision No. 43/ PUU-XIII/ 2015. The Constitutional Court stated that the expansion of the authority of the Judicial Commission against the constitution and interfere with the independence of judges as an independent institution. The purpose of this paper is to examine the decision is linked to the independence of judges and the impact of such decision to the authority of the Judicial Commission.IntisariDilematika hubungan Komisi Yudisial dan Mahkamah Agung kembali renggang akibat adanya penambahan wewenang dalam pengangkatan hakim peradilan tingkat pertama. Hal tersebut diatur dalam ketiga paket undang-undang yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 49 Tahun 2009, Undang-Undang Nomor 50 Tahun 2009, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 51 Tahun 2009. Ketiga undang-undang tersebut dilakukan yudicial review ke Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan Putusan Nomor 43/PUU-XIII/2015. Mahkamah Konstitusi menyatakan bahwa perluasan wewenang Komisi Yudisial bertentangan dengan konstitusi dan mengganggu independensi hakim sebagai lembaga mandiri. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji putusan tersebut dikaitkan dengan independensi hakim serta dampak dari putusan tersebut terhadap wewenang Komisi Yudisial.
Produksi Ruang Kekuasaan di Pulau Jawa Abad ke-16-17 dan Dampaknya pada Pertumbuhan Kota
Authors: Setiadi Hafid , Yunus Hadi Sabari , Purwanto Bambang
Published: December 2017

AbstrakStudi ini membahas keterkaitan antara tradisi kekuasaan, produksi ruang, dan pertumbuhan kota. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk memahami secara mendalam pola dan proses spasial produksi ruang kekuasaan dan implikasinya pada pertumbuhan kota. Lingkup penelitian mencakup situasi geopolitik di Pulau Jawa selama abad ke-16 hingga ke-17 ketika Kesultanan Mataram memegang dominasi kekuasaan berlandaskan tradisi sawah. Metode analisis yang diterapkan mengacu pada pemikiran hermeneutika yang mengedepankan metode pembacaan teks. Data penelitian berasal dari sumber-sumber sekunder terutama berupa hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah dipublikasikan dalam bentuk artikel, buku, peta maupun makalah seminar.  Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa selama rentang waktu tersebut pola dan proses spasial produksi ruang kekuasaan didominasi oleh netralisasi dan pembentukan wilayah pinggiran sebagai konsekuensi dari absolutisme kekuasaan raja.  Modus produksi ini menyebabkan terjadinya likuidasi politik terhadap kota-kota tertentu yang ditandai oleh perubahan identitas kota, terutama di wilayah pesisir. Abstract This study discusses the relations between the tradition of power, the production of space, and city growth. This study primarily aimed to comprehend the spatial pattern and process of the production of authority space and its implications for city growth. It covers the geopolitical situation in Java during the 16th and 17th centuries when the Mataram Sultanate ran a dominant power based on ricefield tradition. The analysis method applied in this study referred to hermeneutical thinking, which foregrounds a text reading method. The research data was obtained from secondary resources, especially published research in the forms of articles, books, maps, and seminar papers. The analysis results showed that the spatial pattern and process of authority space production within these centuries were dominated by neutralization and the formation of peripheries, i.e., the consequence of the king’s absolute power. This production mode resulted in the political liquidation of certain cities and, thereby, changed the identity of the said cities, especially those located in coastal areas.
Pemetaan Cepat Kawasan Terdampak Bencana Longsor dan Banjir di Kabupaten Bangli, Provinsi Bali
Authors: Wulan Theresia Retno , Ambarwulan Wiwin , Putra Anggara S. , Putra Mega D , Maryanto Dwi , Pinem Ferrari , Maulana Edwin
Published: December 2017

Abstrak Teknologi penginderaan jauh mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat. Salah satunya adalah teknologi akuisisi data dengan menggunakan UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle).  Teknologi UAV dapat dipergunakan dalam berbagai bidang, salah satunya adalah bidang kebencanaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan pemetaan secara cepat kawasan terdampak bencana banjir dan longsor di Kabupaten Bangli, Bali dengan menggunakan teknologi UAV. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemotretan udara dengan UAV, survei lapangan dan analisis laboratorium. Pemotretan udara dilakukan satu hari pasca kejadian longsor dengan ketinggian jelajah pesawat antara 100-120 meter di atas permukaan tanah. Resolusi spasial yang dihasilkan antara 4,5 - 6,5 cm. Wilayah yang berhasil dipetakan adalah wilayah yang terdampak banjir dan longsor di Desa Songan A serta Songan B, wilayah terdampak banjir bandang Yeh Mampeh di Desa Batur Selatan, serta wilayah terdampak longsor di Desa Sukawana dan Desa Awan. Berdasarkan hasil pemotretan udara, dapat diketahui luasan daerah terdampak longsor. Lebih lanjut, strategi rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan hasil pemotretan udara.  Abstrak Remote sensing technology is experiencing rapid developments. One of which is in the field of data acquisition that has currently adopted the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). UAV technology is, for instance, employed in various studies related to disasters. This research aimed to perform a rapid mapping of flood- and landslide-affected areas in Bangli Regency, Bali using UAV technology. The applied methods included UAV-assisted aerial photography, field survey, and laboratory analysis. The aerial photography was conducted one day after the landslide event and at a recording altitude of 100-120 m above the ground. The spatial resolution produced in the photography was 4.5-6.5 cm. The mapped areas were the ones affected by floods and landslides in Songa A and Songa B Villages, flash floods in Yeh Mampeh, Batur Selatan Village, and landslides in Sukawana and Awan Villages. The aerial photography also provided the extent of the landslide-affected areas. Therefore, the post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction strategies can be implemented using the results of the aerial photography.
O discurso falacioso do movimento Escola Sem Partido
Authors: Da Silva Alexandre Fernando , Ferreira José Heleno , Vieira Carlos Alexandre
Published: December 2017

A democracia brasileira adentrou o século XXI fortalecida pela eleição de um governo de origem operária. Neste período, conquistas de direitos estabelecidas na Constituição de 1988 foram ratificadas. Tal governo foi reconduzido em 2014 através de processo eleitoral democrático e legítimo. Desde então, ataques engendrados pela direita conservadora e lideranças políticas, culminaram na deposição da presidente Dilma Roussef, através de um golpe parlamentar. Rompida a ordem democrática, o ilegítimo presidente Michel Temer foi empossado. Durante este processo, direitos conquistados na constituinte de 1988 sofreram ataques, por meio de reformas propostas pelo governo ilegítimo. O presente texto busca desmascarar o discurso falacioso do movimento Escola Sem Partido, que ganhou força neste cenário como forma de ataque à educação. Tal discussão perpassa a partir do contexto social de rompimento da ordem democrática e ascensão de forças reacionárias, representantes de interesses neoliberais.
Filtering Input Data of Neural Network Using Digital Signal Processing Technology
Authors: Shuravin A P , Vologdin S V
Published: December 2017

Одним из важных направлений исследования в области искусственного интеллекта можно назвать методы оптимизации, в том числе стохастические алгоритмы. Данная технология используется для решения различных задач во многих областях деятельности. Целью приведенного в статье исследования является улучшение обучения нейронной сети методом генетического алгоритма путем фильтрации входных данных с использованием технологии цифровой обработки сигналов. В качестве входных данных взяты биржевые котировки. Нейронная сеть представляет собой совокупность слоев нейронов, где каждый нейрон является функцией от суммы входных сигналов, умноженных на коэффициенты. В данной статье используется сигмовидная передаточная функция. Для улучшения качества обучения входные данные подвергаются фильтрации. В обзорной части рассмотрен технический анализ, метод автоматической регрессии и применение нейронных сетей. Выдвинута и проверена гипотеза возможности улучшения качества обучения нейронной сети за счет подавления шума в исходных данных с использованием методов ЦОС. Проверена гипотеза зависимости качества обучения нейронной сети от статистических характеристик выборки. Рассмотрен метод фильтрации биржевых котировок с использованием скользящей средней и медианной фильтрации. Приведены результаты эксперимента и численная оценка качества обучения, а также статистических характеристик выборки, тем самым подтверждена зависимость между статистическими характеристиками выборки и качеством обучения нейронной сети. Подтверждено положительное влияние предварительной фильтрации данных на качество обучения нейронной сети.
Spiritually-Moral Development of Personality in the System of Ecological Education of School Children on the Example of Humanities
Authors: Karoyian A A , Kalinina L A , Dymova I A
Published: December 2017

Настоящая статья посвящена проблеме становления экологически культурной личности в учебно-воспитательном процессе, поскольку экологическое воспитание личности обучающихся является их мировоззренческой подготовкой. Показано, что важнейшим этапом формирования экологической культуры, экологического мировоззрения является школьное экологическое образование, проводимое через школьный компонент, интеграцию уроков по разным предметам, особенно гуманитарного цикла, и систему дополнительного образования. В процессе экологического образования интеграция научных знаний о взаимодействии общества с природой и соответствующих художественных образах направлена на преодоление разрыва между логической и образной формами познания и служит гуманизации образования. На первый план выдвигается формирование у учащихся экологической культуры - гуманистической, духовно-нравственной. Нормы нравственного отношения к природе, ставшие внутренней потребностью, могут сыграть большую роль в решении экологических проблем.
Cryogenic Hardening Technology for Efficiency of Processing Tools Made of Х12МФ Steel
Authors: Mikhailov Yu O , Kokorin N A , Tarasov V V , Knyazev S N , Trifonov I S
Published: December 2017

Проведено сравнительное исследование абразивной износостойкости стали Х12МФ после упрочнения с использованием термической обработки и технологии нанесения наноструктурированных PVD-покрытий в сочетании с последующим криогенным воздействием. Лабораторные исследования и эксплуатационная апробация предложенной упрочняющей технологии показали, что использование криогенной обработки является эффективным средством повышения ресурса (износостойкости) инструмента из стали Х12МФ, и данный вид обработки можно рекомендовать к более широкому промышленному использованию. Технология предусматривает охлаждение металла, прошедшего закалку и отпуск, до температуры жидкого азота, выдержку при этой температуре и последующий низкий отпуск. Образцы, подвергнутые криогенной обработке, менее чувствительны к увеличению абразивной зернистости, при этом характеристики износостойкости образцов на 19-22 % выше по сравнению с образцами после термообработки. Технология нанесения наноструктурированных PVD-покрытий позволяет повысить износостойкость на 51-66 % по сравнению с технологией термообработки образцов и на 38-59 % по сравнению с криогенной обработкой. Комбинированная технология нанесения PVD-покрытия и криогенной обработкой позволяет получить прирост износостойкости на уровне 61-71 % по сравнению с термообработкой и на 14-20 % по сравнению с PVD-покрытием без криогенной обработки.
The Problem of Matching the Cost of Capital Repairs of Apartment Buildings Cost
Authors: Elyukina Yu V
Published: December 2017

Приведено краткое описание двух методов формирования фонда капитального ремонта - на специальном счете и на счете регионального оператора. Сформулированы основные источники их финансирования и различия способов формирования фонда по принадлежности прав на денежные средства, особенностям уплаты взносов, заказчикам работ и контролю качества. Согласно нормативно-правовой базе приведены этапы осуществления закупок товаров, работ и услуг. Главную часть фондов составляют взносы собственников жилых площадей МКД, поэтому на основании нормативных документов на примере Удмуртской Республики приведены размеры взносов. Рассмотрены два реальных многоквартирных жилых дома в городе Ижевске - по ул. Майской и ул. 10 лет Октября, их технические характеристики и объемы работ для выполнения капитального ремонта. Для составления смет выбраны основные виды работ: ремонт герметизации стыков, гидроизоляция фундаментов, замена оконных блоков, ремонт фасада, замена инженерных сетей водоснабжения. Выполнен анализ расчета минимального размера взноса собственников жилья на основе составления смет на капитальный ремонт объектов в городе Ижевске. Сформулированы выводы для устранения выявленного несоответствия фактической стоимости капитального ремонта многоквартирных жилых домов со стоимостью, определенной на основе взносов на капитальный ремонт.
Analysis of Mortgage Crediting in Udmurt Republic
Authors: Volkova T G , Kozlova Ya E
Published: December 2017

Рынок ипотечных кредитов охватывает деятельность кредитора и заемщика, между которыми в силу заключения договора на кредитование возникают обязательства. Участниками рынка являются граждане и ипотечные банки или организации, предоставляющие кредит, при котором залогом выступает недвижимое имущество. Ипотечное кредитование превращает недвижимость в работающий капитал, помогающий жителям республики получить собственные квадратные метры, а кредиторам - доход. Объектом анализа в данной статье является рынок ипотечного кредитования. Рассматриваются региональные аспекты организации ипотечного кредитования в Удмуртской Республике и Приволжском федеральном округе в целом. Отмечаются особенности рынка кредитования посредством составления статистики объема выданных ипотечных кредитов населению в количественном и рублевом соотношениях. Выявлены проблемы увеличения просроченной задолженности по ипотечному кредиту при увеличении числа выданных кредитов. Проанализированы цены на квадратный метр первичного и вторичного жилья в регионе в разрезе года и сопоставлены с количеством выданных ипотечных кредитов. Представлен анализ доли Удмуртской Республики в Российской Федерации, а также информация по существующим организациям, предоставляющим ипотечное жилищное кредитование. Составлены графики средневзвешенной и ключевой ставки в разрезе года для резидентов - физических лиц.
Research Specifics of the Economic Essence of Industrial Enterprises’ Sustainable Development
Authors: Bagrovnikova A N
Published: December 2017

Переход человеческого общества из природной среды в социальную вследствие сверхпотребления приводит к возникновению глобальных проблем. Научно-технический прогресс оказывает деструктивное влияние на окружающую природную среду, что подтверждает необходимость поиска безопасного пути развития общества. Концепция, разработанная для поиска этого безопасного пути, направленная на решение глобальных проблем человечества и дальнейшее развитие научно-технического прогресса, при этом не только не истощая природные ресурсы, но создавая баланс, позволяющий сохранить их для последующих поколений, получила название концепции устойчивого развития. Актуальность темы исследования объясняется тем, что существование различных подходов к определению устойчивого развития приводит к определенным трудностям при характеристике понятия «устойчивое развитие промышленного предприятия». Таким образом, целью данной статьи является исследование экономической сущности понятия «устойчивое развитие» и механизма применения данной концепции к промышленным предприятиям. Рассматривается экономическая сущность и основные концепции устойчивого развития с социо-эколого-экономической точки зрения. Раскрывается понятие «управление устойчивым развитием предприятия». Приводится историческое обоснование возникновения концепции устойчивого развития и сравнение взглядов ученых-экономистов на понятие устойчивого развития. Категория «устойчивое развитие» в своей многоцелевой направленности допускает в качестве приоритетного направления отказ от потребительского отношения к природным ресурсам, заменяя его безопасным развитием техносферы и стабильностью окружающей природной среды, их гармоническим взаимодействием в пределах установленных ограничений. Данное взаимодействие имеет своей целью обеспечение стабильности всех сфер жизни общества, сохранение для будущих поколений ресурсов жизнеобеспечения окружающей среды. Необходимо отметить, что проблема перераспределения и восполнения ресурсов находит свое отражение в деятельности промышленных предприятий. Формирование собственной стратегии устойчивого развития для предприятия может быть решением этой проблемы. На основании результатов исследования делается вывод о необходимости стремления общества к устойчивому развитию.
D. M. Kostin, Post-graduate, Kalashnikov ISTU Transformation of Criteria for Assessing the Effectiveness of OSH Management Systems: Traditional and Modern Approaches
Authors: Sevastyanov B V , Kostin D M
Published: December 2017

Непрерывное совершенствование, повышение эффективности и результативности систем управления охраной труда является одним из элементов, базовым принципом и целью их функционирования. Выработка объективных, достоверных, информативных и практически применимых критериев оценки эффективности таких систем выступает одним из направлений научной и практической деятельности. Критерии оценки эффективности таких систем, подходы к их разработке претерпевали изменения в процессе смены философии управления в целом и перехода от традиционных (советских) к современным системам управления охраной труда. Целью работы является сравнительный анализ сущности и содержания подходов к разработке критериев эффективности функционирования систем управления охраной труда в отечественной промышленности в их динамике. Сопоставлены системы показателей оценки эффективности (результативности), применяемые в позднесоветский период (70-е - начало 90-х гг.) и в постсоветское время. Установлено, что методики оценки систем управления охраной труда в традиционных системах оперировали преимущественно количественными негативными показателями, нацеленными на измерение числа реализовавшихся рисков и оценку ущерба («реактивная» методология оценки). В работе проанализированы обновленные современные принципы разработки критериев оценки эффективности систем управления охраной труда, в том числе риск-ориентированный подход, системный подход, сочетание «активных» и «пассивных» показателей и др. Рассмотрены некоторые авторские методики замеров состояния и отслеживания динамики эффективности функционирования систем управления охраной труда. Особое внимание уделено роли и месту социально-психологических показателей качественной оценки эффективности функционирования таких систем на предприятиях. Сделан вывод о характере, степени и причинах заимствования опыта традиционных систем управления охраной труда в современной промышленности. Намечены объективные причины, препятствующие внедрению прогрессивных новаций, обозначены некоторые способы их преодоления.
Paranapiacaba: dinâmica econômica em função de seus eventos
Authors: Sousa Colantuono Aline Correia de , Cestaro Natália Galindo
Published: December 2017

A Vila de Paranapiacaba guarda um patrimônio histórico e cultural desde sua ocupação territorial no Estado de São Paulo durante o desenvolvimento da cultura cafeeira. Com a aquisição da Vila pela prefeitura de Santo André em 2001, uma série de estratégias, como o Festival de Inverno de Paranapiacaba e o calendário de eventos, foi planejada para incentivar o turismo e a recuperação econômica da região. Tombada como patrimônio nas esferas municipal, estadual e federal, a Vila é candidata a patrimônio da humanidade pela UNESCO. Desde 2013, ela recebeu para restauro o investimento de R$ 42 milhões do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC), o que pode potencializá-la a tornar-se um dos maiores polos turísticos do Estado de São Paulo. Diante desse cenário, o trabalho investiga, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, de dados da prefeitura e de entrevistas com os comerciantes e com o órgão público, a potencialização do turismo na região através de seus eventos e da diversificação econômica oriunda deles. Percebeu-se que é necessária a criação de uma identidade local, a partir da qual os moradores sintam-se parte integrante do patrimônio. Assim, a consolidação econômica de Paranapiacaba precisa pautar-se em uma inter-relação entre a comunidade e o poder público, a fim de que recursos sejam priorizados e capacidades empreendedoras sejam desenvolvidas. A diversificação do calendário de eventos representa um catalisador para a transformação comunitária, gerando resultados que potencializam a individualidade de seus sujeitos.
Plano Brasil Sem Miséria: Uma Análise das Metas e do Acesso as Políticas Públicas de Inclusão Produtiva no Campo
Authors: Viecelli Pahola , Gazolla Marcio , Marini Marcos Junior
Published: December 2017

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar as metas e o acesso às políticas públicas do Plano Brasil Sem Miséria, especialmente dos “subprogramas” voltados ao eixo da inclusão produtiva no campo, entre os anos de 2011 a 2014. Para tanto, analisa-se o apoio à estruturação produtiva (fomento e assistência técnica), o acesso à água e a conservação ambiental através do Bolsa Verde enquanto mecanismos de superação da extrema pobreza no campo. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se em uma pesquisa documental com base em sites institucionais, utilizando informações qualitativas e dados quantitativos. Os resultados apontam que o Plano Brasil Sem Miséria tem sido eficiente no que se refere ao cumprimento das metas iniciais traçadas ao longo dos seus quatro anos, superando o número de famílias propostas dos “subprogramas” analisados. Apesar disso, existe um baixo acesso das famílias extremamente pobres quando se compara as metas planejadas em relação ao todo do público-alvo do PBSM. Considera-se que as metas e o acesso das famílias ao programa poderiam ter sido mais abrangentes, já que este é uma política pública que coloca como objetivo a erradicação da miséria nos espaços rurais brasileiros.
O microcrédito urbano que nasce da solidariedade do microcrédito rural: o caso da Solcredi
Authors: Rodrigues Luiza Maria da Silva , Gervasoni Francieli Pilati , Kiyota Norma
Published: December 2017

As operações de crédito ao longo da história foram responsáveis pelo estímulo e crescimento das economias no mundo todo. De certa forma, obter crédito significa confiança que alguém ou uma ins-tituição financeira deposita nas intenções do financiado. Contudo, com o encarecimento do dinheiro, as altas taxas e a exigência de garantias que dificultam cada vez mais o acesso, populações mais caren-tes têm encontrado nas microfinanças a oportunidade de retomar suas relações de confiança e manter ativas suas relações econômicas. No sudoeste do Paraná, os agricultores familiares, já acostumados a operar com microcrédito através das Cooperativas de Crédito Rural com Interação Solidária (Cre-sol), passaram, a partir de 2012, a possibilitar microfinanças urbanas para trabalhadores que operam como autônomos ou na informalidade e não possuem acesso a créditos subsidiados oficiais em redes bancárias convencionais. Dessa forma, replicaram a experiência da “solidariedade financeira” vivida para acessar o crédito rural nos anos 1990.
Breve panorama histórico do Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens(MAB) na Bacia do Rio Uruguai e o conflito da futura Usina Hidrelétrica em Itapiranga (SC)
Authors: Da Rocha Humberto José , Carneiro Nunes Leonardo André Felipe
Published: December 2017

O Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens (MAB) possui parte de suas raízes na bacia do rio Uruguai. Devido à proximidade do Sudeste brasileiro e à geografia do rio, os estudos realizados no rio Uruguai na década de 1960 constataram que a bacia do rio Uruguai era bastante apropriada para a expansão do setor hidrelétrico. O processo social correspondente à hidreletricidade no Brasil é caracterizado por paradoxos como o de um desenvolvimento econômico marcado pela expansão do parque gerador, que, predominando a matriz hidrelétrica, contrasta com a inundação de milhares de quilômetros de terra onde vivem comunidades locais que foram remanejadas compulsoriamente.  A organização dos atingidos por barragens tem seus primeiros passos datados ainda no final da década de 1970, durante a ditadura militar. É no contexto da luta da retomada dos direitos civis e políticos que várias organizações e lutas sociais emergem. Os estudos técnicos e socioambientais, bem como os conflitos políticos e sociais que envolvem a construção da barragem de Itapiranga já ocorrem há mais de três décadas. O desgaste promovido por este impasse fica bastante evidente diante dos relatos de todos os atores envolvidos. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho compreende a revisão bibliográfica de produções acadêmicas sobre a construção de UHEs na bacia do rio Uruguai e sobre o MAB. Utilizamos, também, a observação participante em eventos organizados pelo movimento. Interpretamos os textos documentais e os debates que aconteceram durante eventos e atividades do MAB a partir da metodologia de análise de conteúdo, segundo Chizzotti (1995) e Moraes (1998).
Preâmbulo: a linguagem em questão inter, multi e transdisciplinar (Preamble: the language in question inter, multi and transdisciplinary)
Authors: Maciel Júnior Auterives , Fonseca-Silva Maria da Conceição
Published: December 2017

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Filosofia menor: a língua inatual dos conceitos (Minor Philosophy: a non-actual language of concepts)
Authors: Maciel Júnior Auterives , Bruno Mario
Published: December 2017

O artigo trata da língua inatual dos conceitos, com o propósito de elucidar, a princípio, a singularidade da invenção filosófica. Busca, portanto, através dessa investigação, conceituar um tipo de filosofia que se instaura na ruptura com a doxa, isto é, a opinião. Assim, denuncia filosofias construídas com propósitos majoritários, mostrando a aliança existente entre tais pretensões filosóficas e os poderes que orquestram   as opiniões predominantes na história. A meta é criar as condições de conceituação daquilo que, ao término do texto , vai receber o nome de Filosofia menor.
Environmental sustainability versus economic interests: a search for good governance in a macroeconomic perspective
Authors: Stecyk Karolina
Published: December 2017

Finding the proper balance between economic benefit and sustainable development has been an issue for many local governments, especially in the regions that depend strongly on natural resources. One of Canada’s largest contributors to environmental degradation is the oil sands in Alberta. The degradation occurs on land, in water, and in the air as a result of oil extraction and tailings ponds. The purpose of the paper is to argue that although the government of the province of Alberta and the federal government have developed legislation including licensing and policies (frameworks and directives) to reduce and prevent environmental degradation, they fail to ensure compliance with the legislation and policies because the governments prefer economic gain to environmental sustainability. The lack of strong compliance enforcement suggests a lack of effectiveness and efficiency. Subsequently, a failure in the rule of law occurs because oil corporations, due to their economic impact, are treated as above the law. The bias for the corporation over the environment hinders good governance. Overall, both governments find balancing protecting the environment and gaining financial benefits challenging.
Demonetization: did India face the St. Petersburg paradox and lose
Authors: Gana Rajaram
Published: December 2017

In 2016, India demonetized 24% of its currency notes (viz. 86% in cash value) in circulation presuming this will remove “black” (illicit) and counterfeit cash holdings, and combat money laundering. This was the largest demonetization experiment in recent history. Although demonetization has occurred several times before, no unambiguous economic argument for, or against, it exists. This was a key enabler for demonetization, yet again. This paper argues that the St. Petersburg Paradox (SPP) provides a compelling argument against demonetization. Assuming the distribution of cash is lognormal, it is shown that the probability of black cash holdings will be small. If not, the holders would: a) be irrational because they are willing to accept, contrary to the SPP, the small probability of a large loss, by effectively perceiving it as zero, without using all means to immunize themselves against it; or b) be sure their cash can be legitimized via collusion with the State; or c) be sure they can incentivize law-abiding citizens to act as agents to legitimize the cash for a reasonable fee. Assuming rationality and no bureaucratic support, large probabilities of black cash holdings imply that many more law-abiding patriotic citizens have to be corruptible than seems rational.
Maternal Mortality and Associated Factors in a Tertiary Care Center of Western Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Junu , Gurung Sangeeta , Shrestha Ashika , Subedi Anjali
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Identifying the cause of maternal death is important. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of maternal deaths and the factors associated with it.

Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, analytical study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Manipal Teaching Hospital from July 2013 to June 2017. Women who died during pregnancy, delivery, or puerperium were included in the study. Demographic factors, clinical profile, cause and type of maternal deaths were noted by taking history and by inquiring with the medical personnel involved in managing patients.  Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16.

Results: There were 15 maternal deaths and 9923 livebirths. The maternal mortality ratio was 151 per 100,000 live births. Mean age of mothers was 28 years (SD = 7.5). Most of them were from rural areas, had low educational status. The mean gestational age at time of death was 33 weeks (SD = 7.5). Most of deaths (73%, n = 11) occurred in the postnatal period and 60% (n = 9) were critical at presentation. Direct obstetric causes like eclampsia was the most common (26.7%, n = 4) direct obstetric cause and cardiac disease was one of the important indirect cause (13.3%, n = 2). Delay in seeking health care and delay in reaching health center was the major reason for maternal deaths.

Conclusion: Maternal mortality were mostly associated with direct obstetric causes, eclampsia being the most common. Most of the deaths were associated with delay in seeking health care and reaching health care centers.
Digital Image Processing for Detecting and Classifying Plant Diseases
Authors: A. Izay , L. N. Onyejegbu
Published: December 2017

Agriculture is the backbone of human sustenance in this world. With growing population, there is need for increased productivity in agriculture to be able to meet the demands. Diseases can occur on any part of a plant, but in this paper only the symptoms in the fruits of a plant is considered using segmentation algorithm and edge/ sizing detectors. We also looked at image processing using fuzzy logic controller. The system was designed using object oriented analysis and design methodology. It was implemented using MySQL for the database, and PHP programming language. This system will be of great benefit to farmers and will encourage them in investing their resources since crop diseases can be detected and eliminated early.
Mathematical Method to Search for Monic Irreducible Polynomials with Decimal Equivalents of Polynomials over Galois Field GF(pq)
Authors: Dey Sankhanil , Ghosh Ranjan
Published: December 2017

Substitution boxes or S-boxes play a significant role in encryption and decryption of bit level plaintext and cipher-text respectively. Irreducible Polynomials (IPs) have been used to construct 4-bit or 8-bit substitution boxes in many cryptographic block ciphers. In Advance Encryption Standard the 8-bit the elements S-box have been obtained from the Multiplicative Inverse (MI) of elemental polynomials (EPs) of the 1st IP over Galois field GF(28) by adding an additive element. In this paper a mathematical method and the algorithm of the said method with the discussion of the execution time of the algorithm, to obtain monic IPs over Galois field GF(pq) have been illustrated with example. The method is very similar to polynomial multiplication of two polynomials over Galois field GF(pq) but has a difference in execution. The decimal equivalents of polynomials have been used to identify Basic Polynomials (BPs), EPs, IPs and Reducible polynomials (RPs). The monic RPs have been determined by this method and have been cancelled out to produce monic IPs. The non-monic IPs have been obtained with multiplication of α where α GF(pq) and assume values from 2 to (p-1) to monic IPs.
Auditing, Attestation, and Financial Reporting for an Early American Charity
Authors: Braswell Michael , Daniels Roger B.
Published: December 2017

Our study examines assurance and attestation practices of the Charleston Orphan House from 1790 to 1825 and represents a response to Alchian and Demsetz's (1972) call for research into the nature of stewardship and agency costs among nonprofits by providing evidence of the largely unexplored early American practices (Moussalli 2008; Sargiacomo and Gomes 2011). We document the origins of the assurance and attestation techniques used to legitimize the Charleston Orphan House and to minimize the agency costs faced by its public and private funders. We find that assurance and attestation practices were reflected in the routine publication of the Committee on Accounts reports that served as vital elements of a governance structure that enabled the municipality and philanthropists to monitor the financial condition of the institution. These oversight efforts helped minimize agency costs that naturally arose between the Orphan House and resource providers, making it possible for the City of Charleston and private funders to efficiently allocate limited resources to mitigate social costs of managing the post-revolutionary orphan problem. Our findings provide new insights into early assurance and attestation practices and support Alchian and Demsetz's (1972) conjecture that nonprofits face similar economic motivations for utilizing financial reporting, auditing, and attestation as monitoring mechanisms as do their profit-seeking counterparts.
The Influence of Accounting Theory on the FASB Conceptual Framework
Authors: Baker C. Richard
Published: December 2017

During the first half of the 20th century, “accounting theory” developed primarily by accounting scholars and academics provided the primary basis for the practice and teaching of financial accounting in the United States. Since the creation of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the early 1970s, the FASB Conceptual Framework has provided the primary basis for accounting standards-setting, as well as for the practice and teaching of financial accounting. While the purpose of creating a Conceptual Framework has been to develop an agreed-upon set of concepts and principles to guide accounting standards-setting, a related goal has been to reduce diversity in accounting practice and to move toward greater uniformity. This paper traces the influence of accounting theory on the Conceptual Framework and explores some of the consequences of this influence.
Teleological versus Non-Teleological Perspectives in Financial Statement: The Debate between Chambers and Onida
Authors: Gonnella Enrico , Talarico Lucia
Published: December 2017

This paper examines the scientific debate that took place in 1973 in the journal Rivista dei Dottori Commercialisti (Italian Journal of Chartered Accountants) between Pietro Onida and Raymond J. Chambers concerning the nature of financial statement information. Our research revealed that Onida was the advocate of a teleological theory of the financial statement, whereas Chambers supported the perfect neutrality of accounting information. Going back to theoretical precedents, the thoughts of the two scholars have different ontological and epistemological assumptions. If, ontologically, Chambers conceives reality as unique and objective, being inspired by the neopositivism of the “received view,” Onida admits the existence of multiple realities by adopting an interpretivist perspective. Epistemologically, the Australian scholar approaches accounting as a pure science by leveraging its deductive moment rather than empirical recognition, whereas the Italian author conceives accounting as an “application science” and adopts a method where the inductive approach prevails.

JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M49.
Descripción Metalográfica de implantes de Titanio calcinados y su aplicación como descriptor forense
Authors: Valencia Ll. Carlos H. , Rodriguez S. Patricia , Garzón R. Herney , Barragán Maria Alejandra , Castro N. Irving J.
Published: December 2017

Introducción: La ciencia forense desarrolla diversas tecnologías para la identificación de cadáveres, pero en algunas ocasiones estos procedimientos pueden ser muy costosos y poco fiables en el caso de cuerpos incinerados. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivos la descripción de los cambios microestructurales presentes en un implante detitanio sometido a diferentes temperaturas, y la evaluación de su utilización potencial como descriptor forense.Materiales y método: Se elaboraron 15 minimplantes de titanio, con un código de identificación, se insertaron enmandíbulas de cerdo y se sometieron a temperaturas de 200°C, 800°C y 1000°C, se recuperaron las muestras y serealizaron análisis metalográficos mediante microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido. Resultados: Se logrócaracterizar la microestructura para cada temperatura, se observó un incremento en la capa de óxido con el aumento de la temperatura. Conclusión: Es posible utilizar implantes dentales como identificador forense.
PENGARUH MAT PILATES EXERCISE TERHADAP FLEKSIBILITAS TUBUH
Authors: Trisnowiyanto Bambang
Published: December 2017

"> Otot yang tidak lentur mengakibatkan penurunan lingkup gerak sendi, sehingga menurunkan aktivitas gerak dasar manusia sehari-hari seperti duduk ke berdiri, berjalan, membungkuk, meraih sesuatu ke depan dan mengangkat beban. Fleksibilitas punggung berfungsi saat membungkuk dan mengangkat beban. Dengan meningkatnya fleksibilitas akan memperbaiki kemampuan fungsi gerak tubuh serta mengurangi risiko cidera akibat retriksi otot. Fleksibilitas dapat ditingkatkan dengan latihan Pilates. Mengetahui pengaruh latihan matPilates terhadap peningkatan fleksibilitas tubuh. Eksperimen kuasi dengan rancangan one group pre–post test with control, dengan penentuan subjek melalui kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. 30 orang wanita berusia 30 hingga 50 tahun, yang terdiri dari 13 orang kelompok latihan mat Pilates dan 17 orang kelompok control. program mat Pilates exercise selama 50 menit setiap sesi latihan sebanyak 2 kali perminggu selama 6 minggu. Fleksibilitas badan dengan themodified schober test (MST). uji homogenitas denganmann-whitney p= 0,702 (p>0,05). Uji beda kelompok perlakuan dengan wilcoxon p= 0,001 (p<0,05), uji beda pada kelompok kontrolp= 0,552 (p>0,05). Latihan mat Pilates selama 50 menit, 2 kali perminggu selama 6 minggu mampu meningkatan fleksibilitas tubuh wanita usia 20-50 tahun.
GAMBARAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DI KABUPATEN KUDUS TAHUN 2016: STUDI EHRA I
Authors: Rauf Rusdin , Nurdiana Nurdiana , Maryata Maryata , Rusiyati Rusiyati , Suwandi Suwandi
Published: December 2017

Studi Penilaian Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (Environmental Health Risk Assessment = EHRA) adalah sebuah studi partisipatif di Kabupaten/Kota untuk memahami kondisi fasilitas sanitasi dan higiene serta perilaku-perilaku masyarakat pada skala rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran terkait pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga di Kabupaten Kudus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh enumerator yang terseleksi. Desa/Kelurahan yang menjadi area studi ditentukan secara stratified random. Responden dari setiap area studi, ditentukan secara random. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Kabupaten Kudus, hanya 32,6 % responden (sebanyak 300 dari 920 responden) yang melakukan pengumpulan sampah untuk dibuang ke TPS atau dikumpulkan oleh kolektor informal pada cluster 1, 2 dan 3. Sedangkan responden pada cluster 0, tidak melakukan pengumpulan sampah. Responden yang melakukan pemilahan sampah sebelum dibuang, hanya sebanyak 2,3 %.
TUDI ANGKA BEBAS JENTIK (ABJ) DAN INDEKS OVITRAP DI PERUM PONDOK BARU PERMAI DESA BULAKREJO KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
Authors: Kurniawan Tri Puji
Published: December 2017

Penyakit DBD masih merupakan permasalahan serius di Provinsi Jawa Tengah, terbukti 35 kabupaten/kota sudah pernah terjangkit penyakit DBD. Data penderita DBD pada UPT Puskesmas Sukoharjo tahun 2014 Sebanyak 22 kasus dengan IR 0,08% dan tahun 2015 sebanyak 26 kasus IR 0,05%. Data tersebut yang paling tinggi kasusnya berada pada Desa Bulakrejo 18 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk pemantauan jentik nyamuk dengan metode visual dan menganalisis Nilai ABJ di Perum Pondok Baru Permai Bulakrejo Sukoharjo. Penelitian ini bersifat Survey Analitik rancangan yang digunakan dengan survei Cross Sectional. Pengumpulan sampel dilakukan dengan cara memantau keberadaan jentik dan pemasanganovitrap untuk mengetahui indeks ovitrap dan nilai ABJ pada 100 rumah di Perum Pondok Baru Permai Bulakrejo Sukoharjo kemudian dihitung untuk ABJ nya. Dengan indikator amannya 95%. Hasil Kepadatan Jentik dengan cara pemantauan jentik metode visual nyamuk dengan perhitungan container index didapatkan hasil sebesar 15%, Nilai Angka Bebas jentik sebesar 85% dan indeks ovitrap sebesar 100% di Perum Pondok Baru Permai Desa Bulakrejo Kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Differences in Sickness Allowance Receipt between Swedish Speakers and Finnish Speakers in Finland
Authors: Reini Kaarina S. , Saarela Jan
Published: December 2017

Previous research has documented lower disability retirement and mortality rates of Swedish speakers as compared with Finnish speakers in Finland. This paper is the first to compare the two language groups with regard to the receipt of sickness allowance, which is an objective health measure that reflects a less severe poor health condition. Register-based data covering the years 1988-2011 are used. We estimate logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations to account for repeated observations at the individual level. We find that Swedish-speaking men have approximately 30 percent lower odds of receiving sickness allowance than Finnish-speaking men, whereas the difference in women is about 15 percent. In correspondence with previous research on all-cause mortality at working ages, we find no language-group difference in sickness allowance receipt in the socially most successful subgroup of the population.
IRONIE ET ARGUMENTATION DANS LE DISCOURS PARLEMENTAIRE PORTUGAIS
Authors: PEREIRA BRAZ Ana Cristina
Published: December 2017

Irony and argumentation in Portuguese parliamentary discourse. The aim of this paper is to study argumentation in political discourse, namely in parliamentary discourse, the focus being the relations between irony and argumentation. Since Antiquity, irony has been seen as a rhetorical device, used in oratory for purposes of discourse efficiency. The present day political discourse stems from the same rhetorical tradition. Being one of the favourite discursive mechanisms of political persuasion, irony is an argumentative device common in parliamentary debates, a highly controversial and confrontational discursive subgenre, where opposite parties clash. By its evaluative nature and perlocutionary effect of criticizing the political opponents, irony contributes to the argumentation process, relying particularly on the images that it creates. The corpus we analyse contains excerpts of speeches given in plenary sittings that took place in the Portuguese Assembly between September 15th, 2010 and May 19th, 2011.  
Rezumat. Ironie și argumentare în discursul parlamentar portughez. Această lucrare își propune să studieze argumentarea în discursul politic, și anume în discursul parlamentar, concentrându-se îndeosebi asupra relațiilor dintre ironie și argumentare. Încă din antichitate, ironia a fost percepută ca strategie retorică și a fost folosită de oratori pentru a-și atinge obiectivele discursive. Discursul politic din zilele noastre se revendică din aceeași tradiție retorică. Unul dintre mecanismele discursive predilecte în persuasiunea politică, ironia este o strategie argumentativă comună în dezbaterile parlamentare, un gen discursiv plin de confruntări, în care forțe antagonice se opun una alteia. Prin natura sa evaluativă și prin efectul perlocuționar de critică a oponenților politici, ironia contribuie la procesul argumentativ, în special prin imaginile pe care le creează. Corpusul pe care îl analizăm conține fragmente din intervenții în sesiune plenare care au avut loc în Parlamentul Portughez în perioada 15 septembrie 2010 – 19 mai 2011.
Cuvinte cheie: ironie, argumentare, retorică, persuasiune, discurs parlamentar, imagine, ethos, pathos
Developing Business English Students’ Metaphorical Competence in Foreign Language Learning Higher Education Contexts
Authors: Cortés de los Ríos María Enriqueta , Sánchez Pérez María del Mar
Published: December 2017

This article is aimed at showing the ways in which Business English teachers may be able to facilitate the use of metaphor for their students since it is a part of the lexicon which causes them the most difficulties. The inclusion of the study of metaphors in a specific English language programme can provide students with a useful tool to interpret vocabulary, improve reading skills and understand different cultural backgrounds. Our aim is to put forward a didactic proposal to be used in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) programmes at a Master’s course currently taught at the University of Almería, Spain, in order to develop students’ metaphorical competence within the foreign language learning process.