bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Peningkatan Retensi Nitrogen dan Penurunan Kadar Amonia Eksreta Ayam Petelur melalui Implementasi Probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius
Authors: Mahardhika Brahmadhita Pratama , Sholikah Nisa'us , Kalsum Umi , Suryanto Dedi , Darmayani Dian Eka
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius terhadap retensi nitrogen, kualitas eksreta dan ammonia eksreta ayam petelur serta mencari hubungan antara retensi nitogen, dan kualitas ekskreta terhadap kadar ammonia ekskreta. Ternak yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ayam petelur fase layer sebanyak 25 ekor yang didistribusikan ke dalam 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis of variance. Data yang berbeda nyata dianalisa menggunakan uji Duncan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah P0: Kontrol (Ayam Petelur yang diberi pakan basal dan air minum tanpa probiotik), P1: Pemberian AGP Zinc Bacitracin dalam Pakan, P2: Pemberian Probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius 103 CFU, P3: Pemberian Probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius 105 CFU, P4: Pemberian Probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius 107 CFU. Penggunaan probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius berpengaruh nyata (P<0.01) meningkatan konsumsi protein kasar dan retensi nitrogen, menurunkan konsumsi pakan, konsumsi nitrogen, eksresi nitrogen, kadar air, kualitas eksreta dan ammonia ekskreta ayam petelur. Terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara retensi nitogen, dan kualitas eksreta terhadap kadar amonia eksreta.
Sport en de Bijbel
Authors: Lietaert Peerbolte L.J.
Published: December 2023

The New Testament speaks positively of physical exercise once (1 Tim. 6:12). It also emerges metaphorically as an image for the believer's life (Cor. 9:24-27). This metaphorical use has its background in the everyday world of the early Christians. In that world, sport was as important as it is today. Interestingly, the theme of 'training', askēsis, is the root of the phenomenon of 'asceticism'. For many, the ideal believer wore himself out and hardened the body to become a champion of renunciation in order to draw closerto God. In moderate form, the ascetic ideal was maintained in Reformation theology. It is still relevant to today.
Theologisch-ethische reflecties op topsport
Authors: Blijdorp L.J.
Published: December 2023

Modern-day sports, a multi-billion dollar industry, has not received a thorough theological reflection in the Dutch neo-Calvinist tradition. Both Abram Kuyper and Herman Bavinck criticized sports as they knew it. This article evaluates Bavinck’s critique in Paedagogische Beginselen and shows that Bavinck underestimates sports as spiritual human expression. That is, the practice of sports is not necessarily rough and uncivilized, but can also be beautiful and intelligent. Because contemporary sports exhibit many sinful patterns − doping, match-fixing, politics and power − this idolatry and dehumanization threaten a healthy sports practice. A Christian approach to the world of sports should not be naïve; critique, and perhaps avoidance, belong to such reflection
La Biodiversidad: Conceptos, Estatus Actual y Amenazas
Authors: Romero Santos Alfredo , Pérez Almeida Iris
Published: December 2023

Este libro es el resultado de varios años de trabajo de los autores, tanto en la investigación y la práctica profesional, como en el ejercicio docente. En él exponen conceptos acerca de la Biodiversidad, su estatus actual y las amenazas a su integridad, apoyándose en las publicaciones más recientes. En el ámbito de la Universidad ECOTEC, supremamente interesada en el desarrollo sostenible, este libro viene a ser de gran utilidad para sus estudiantes y docentes, así como del público en general.
Análisis Microeconómico
Authors: Rosero Barzola Christian
Published: December 2023

La teoría microeconómica tiene una variedad de usos para los tomadores de decisión, por lo que su estudio y profundización es fundamental para la sociedad. Comprender cómo funcionan los mercados puede ayudarlos a tomar decisiones acerca de cuántos empleos contratar, de cómo se puede emprender un negocio, a qué van a dedicar su tiempo (costo de oportunidad), cómo pueden gastar sus ingresos (eficiencia en la asignación de recursos), comprender la política económica de los gobiernos y otros muchos temas que aborda el pensamiento de la microeconomía. Las empresas también utilizan las herramientas microeconómicas en términos de la utilización eficiente de sus recursos productivos. Se abarca muchos aspectos de análisis sobre el mercado como: el excedente del productor y del consumidor; el valor marginal y valor promedio; las decisiones de las empresas en términos de sus costos y ganancias; cuánto producir en el corto y largo plazo; la maximización de las ganancias y relaciones marginales de precio y costo; la elasticidad de la demanda con respecto al precio de un bien; los cambios en la oferta y la demanda; el precio mínimo y precio máximo; los costos de producción en el corto y largo plazo; el funcionamiento de los mercados de competencia perfecta en el corto y largo plazo; el equilibrio a corto y largo plazo; diferentes estructuras de mercado; monopolios y su regulación; los mercados de factores. El libro aborda la teoría de los temas mencionados en tres capítulos: (a) Desde la visión del consumidor, (b) Analizando las decisiones de las empresas, (c) El proceso de toma de decisiones en la teoría de juegos.
La Justicia como Principio Jurídico y su Fundamentación en el Derecho Ecuatoriano
Authors: Alcívar Trejo Carlos , Albert Márquez José J , Murillo Mena Ámbar
Published: December 2023

El presente libro tiene como finalidad, el mostrar la apreciación de justicia, el derecho de los pueblos indígena y su aplicación al derecho consuetudinario, en el cual las costumbres, las tradiciones, la cultura y la cosmovisión son las fuentes principales de las normativas legales que rigen a estas comunidades ancestrales, es por ello que este libro consta de cuatros capítulos en los cuales se dilucidan estas concepciones, haciendo un análisis de los elementos de la justicia y como esta ha sido influenciada por las culturas milenarias para preservar los derechos de los pueblos indígenas. En el primer capítulo titulado la justicia y sus principios jurídicos, se esboza la concepción de justicia que presentan varios juristas, igualmente se muestra como esta se basa en el dar lo justo a todos los ciudadanos y como esta es la base para la organización del sistema jurídico de un Estado, indicando cual es la teoría en la cual se basa la definición de justicia. También se muestra la relación que presenta la justicia con el derecho y cuáles son los principios fundamentales de la justicia. El segundo capítulo muestra a la costumbre como fuente de la justicia indígena aplicada al derecho consuetudinario, en el mismo se indica cual es la concepción que se tiene de las comunidades, los pueblos y las naciones indígenas en el Ecuador, en este apartado se indica como es reconocido por las diferentes organizaciones del estado ecuatoriano, igualmente se plasma la contribución que ha hecho la cultura, costumbres, tradiciones y cosmovisión a la justicia ecuatoriana. Mientras que en el tercer capítulo se establece a la justicia en la formación del estado de derecho ecuatoriano, mostrando la concepción de la justicia como la formación del sistema de justicia, igualmente se indica como es establecido el sistema de justicia ecuatoriano de acuerdo al basamento jurídico, así como es el acceso del ciudadano al sistema de justicia ecuatoriano. En el capítulo cuarto se indica a la ley indígena como fuente del derecho en los países andinos, en esta parte se realiza un estudio delos derechos indígenas consagrados en la constitución de los países andinos, así como el estado del sistema legal de estos países para la definición de los derechos reservados para la protección de las comunidades indígenas.
Identificación y manejo de enfermedades que afectan la calidad comercial del fruto de aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass
Authors: Jaramillo Laverde Alejandro , Murcia Riaño Nubia , Fernando Martínez Mauricio , Ceballos Aguirre Germán , Martínez Caballero Luz Natalia , Ángel García Carolina , Rodríguez Arévalo Kevin Alejandro
Published: December 2023

El aguacate Hass se ha convertido en uno de los principales renglones productivos en Colombia, debido principalmente al incremento en el volumen de las exportaciones, la apertura de nuevos mercados, el crecimiento del consumo nacional y la obtención de distintos tipos de derivados. No obstante, los productores enfrentan desafíos por la aparición y el desarrollo de enfermedades que afectan el rendimiento y la calidad de la fruta. Se trata de una problemática global de gran importancia, pues se ha estimado que aproximadamente el 14,1 % de la producción agrícola mundial se pierde por enfermedades y que el 83 % de estas son causadas por hongos. Desde el campo de la fitopatología, este libro describe enfermedades relevantes que afectan la calidad comercial de los frutos de aguacate Hass mediante estudios de prevalencia, caracterización morfológica e identificación molecular de hongos. Además, presenta los resultados de evaluación de tratamientos de control en campo y poscosecha a partir de productos biológicos, no residuales y de síntesis química combinadas con prácticas culturales. En ese sentido, es un medio de consulta para productores, asistentes técnicos y académicos.
Criterios para la definición de planes de fertilización y la aplicación de riego en cultivos de aguacate Hass con un enfoque tecnificado
Authors: Rebolledo Roa Alexander , Dorado Guerra Diana Yaritza , Grajales Guzmán Luis Carlos
Published: December 2023

En este libro se documentan investigaciones que buscan definir los criterios técnicos que orienten el manejo hídrico y nutricional del cultivo de aguacate Hass en las condiciones de las zonas productoras de Colombia. Con este objetivo, el trabajo se basa en la caracterización de los estados fenológicos tipo, la metodología del índice de balance de nutrientes (IBN) y el método del balance hídrico. Asimismo, describe el sustento teórico de la función que tienen los nutrientes en las plantas con estudios de caso para aguacate Hass, analiza algunas características químicas predominantes en los suelos de las zonas productoras del departamento del Cauca y sintetiza los indicadores de gestión más relevantes para el uso eficiente del agua de riego. Finalmente, contiene una guía para la navegación en la plataforma tecnológica TECNOHASS, en donde se incluye el módulo de fertilización y riego, como herramienta de ayuda para la toma de decisiones.
Barriers to and Facilitators of Older People’s Engagement With Web-Based Services: Qualitative Study of Adults Aged >75 Years
Authors: Money Annemarie , Hall Alex , Harris Danielle , Eost-Telling Charlotte , McDermott Jane , Todd Chris
Published: December 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift toward the digital provision of many public services, including health and social care, public administration, and financial and leisure services. COVID-19 services including test appointments, results, vaccination appointments and more were primarily delivered through digital channels to the public. Many social, cultural, and economic activities (appointments, ticket bookings, tax and utility payments, shopping, etc) have transitioned to web-based platforms. To use web-based public services, individuals must be digitally included. This is influenced by 3 main factors: access (whether individuals have access to the internet), ability (having the requisite skills and confidence to participate over the web), and affordability (ability to pay for infrastructure [equipment] and data packages). Many older adults, especially those aged >75 years, are still digitally excluded.

Objective

This study aims to explore the views of adults aged >75 years on accessing public services digitally.

Methods

We conducted semistructured qualitative interviews with a variety of adults aged ≥75 years residing in Greater Manchester, United Kingdom. We also interviewed community support workers. Thematic analysis was used to identify the key themes from the data.

Results

Overall, 24 older adults (mean age 81, SD 4.54 y; 14/24, 58% female; 23/24, 96% White British; and 18/24, 75% digitally engaged to some extent) and 2 support workers participated. A total of five themes were identified as key in understanding issues around motivation, engagement, and participation: (1) “initial motivation to participate digitally”—for example, maintaining social connections and gaining skills to be able to connect with family and friends; (2) “narrow use and restricted activity on the web”—undertaking limited tasks on the web and in a modified manner, for example, limited use of web-based public services and selected use of specific services, such as checking but never transferring funds during web-based banking; (3) “impact of digital participation on well-being”—choosing to go to the shops or general practitioner’s surgery to get out of the house and get some exercise; (4) “the last generation?”—respondents feeling that there were generational barriers to adapting to new technology and change; and (5) “making digital accessible”—understanding the support needed to keep those engaged on the web.

Conclusions

As we transition toward greater digitalization of public services, it is crucial to incorporate the perspectives of older people. Failing to do so risks excluding them from accessing services they greatly rely on and need.
Use of Metadata-Driven Approaches for Data Harmonization in the Medical Domain: Scoping Review
Authors: Peng Yuan , Bathelt Franziska , Gebler Richard , Gött Robert , Heidenreich Andreas , Henke Elisa , Kadioglu Dennis , Lorenz Stephan , Vengadeswaran Abishaa , Sedlmayr Martin
Published: December 2023

Background

Multisite clinical studies are increasingly using real-world data to gain real-world evidence. However, due to the heterogeneity of source data, it is difficult to analyze such data in a unified way across clinics. Therefore, the implementation of Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) or Extract-Load-Transform (ELT) processes for harmonizing local health data is necessary, in order to guarantee the data quality for research. However, the development of such processes is time-consuming and unsustainable. A promising way to ease this is the generalization of ETL/ELT processes.

Objective

In this work, we investigate existing possibilities for the development of generic ETL/ELT processes. Particularly, we focus on approaches with low development complexity by using descriptive metadata and structural metadata.

Methods

We conducted a literature review following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. We used 4 publication databases (ie, PubMed, IEEE Explore, Web of Science, and Biomed Center) to search for relevant publications from 2012 to 2022. The PRISMA flow was then visualized using an R-based tool (Evidence Synthesis Hackathon). All relevant contents of the publications were extracted into a spreadsheet for further analysis and visualization.

Results

Regarding the PRISMA guidelines, we included 33 publications in this literature review. All included publications were categorized into 7 different focus groups (ie, medicine, data warehouse, big data, industry, geoinformatics, archaeology, and military). Based on the extracted data, ontology-based and rule-based approaches were the 2 most used approaches in different thematic categories. Different approaches and tools were chosen to achieve different purposes within the use cases.

Conclusions

Our literature review shows that using metadata-driven (MDD) approaches to develop an ETL/ELT process can serve different purposes in different thematic categories. The results show that it is promising to implement an ETL/ELT process by applying MDD approach to automate the data transformation from Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources to Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model. However, the determining of an appropriate MDD approach and tool to implement such an ETL/ELT process remains a challenge. This is due to the lack of comprehensive insight into the characterizations of the MDD approaches presented in this study. Therefore, our next step is to evaluate the MDD approaches presented in this study and to determine the most appropriate MDD approaches and the way to integrate them into the ETL/ELT process. This could verify the ability of using MDD approaches to generalize the ETL process for harmonizing medical data.
Health claims, product features and instructions for use on the labels of potassium-enriched salt products: content analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Bullen James , Yin Xuejun , Kissock Katrina , Fisher Laura , Neal Bruce , Trieu Kathy
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Potassium-enriched salt is a proven dietary intervention for reducing the risk of stroke, heart attack and premature mortality when used instead of regular table salt. Potassium-enriched salt products are available globally, but the on-pack health claims, product features and instructions for use are diverse.

OBJECTIVE

Systematically summarise on-pack information provided on potassium-enriched salt products.

METHODS

Potassium-enriched salt products in an existing database were supplemented by products identified using search engines and by review of major online shopping websites. On-pack information was coded using a deductive content analysis approach with subsequent quantitative summation of key data relating to health claims, product features and instructions for use.

RESULTS

A total of 117 potential potassium-enriched salt products were identified with 83 included in the final analysis after excluding products containing no sodium (n=15), no potassium (n=5) or that were duplicates (n=14). There were 23 (28%) products with on-pack claims for health benefits and 36 (43%) with health warnings. Twenty-five (30%) of product labels included descriptions of other product features such as taste and potassium content, and 36 (43%) had instructions for use.

CONCLUSIONS

Standardised labelling elements would help consumers make appropriate use of potassium-enriched salt. For all potassium-enriched salt products there should be on-pack information describing health benefits, who the product should be used by, who it should not be used by, how it should be used and the risks of inappropriate use.
Influence of Internet-Based Health Management on Control of Blood glucose in Patients with Diabetes: Four-Year Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dai Lingfeng , Ma Defu
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Diabetes is a serious chronic disease, and many studies show that telehealth management can help diabetes patients control blood glucose well. Telehealth management is not limited by distance, which gives it great potential.

OBJECTIVE

Our research is designed to clarify the impact of internet-based health management on blood glucose control in diabetes patients and to understand the related factors of blood glucose control in order to develop more effective health management.

METHODS

In five provinces of northwest China, our study selected 56542 adult participants without cognitive illness or mental disorder and conducted a 4-year long-term telehealth management. We conducted health examinations and questionnaires on participants to collect clinical parameters and the change in health-related behaviors, in order to figure out the effectiveness of internet health management. And the new-onset patients with diabetes were used to analyze the factors related to blood glucose control. All data were statistically analyzed using SPSS.

RESULTS

After 4 years of internet health management, blood glucose of eligible participants and new-onset patients decreased significantly. The improvement in many health-related behaviors was also significant. The analysis of new-onset diabetes patients showed that compliance with health management guidance could effectively help control blood glucose. Among those relevant factors, control of smoking, suitable intake of fruit and beans were considered significantly effective in binary logistic regression model analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

The internet-based health management has shown a significant impact on the control of diabetes, and the control of smoking, sedentary time, intake of fruits and beans is considered significantly effective.
The Jakarta Post’s Portrayal of the Police’s Perspective on the Murder Case by FS: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Abidah Amelia Nur , Sutrisno Adi
Published: December 2023

Representation is defined as a method of investigating a specific thing seen through language, action, or voice, which has different ways of representing something. People can see how certain issues are represented in the way they are delivered or reported in various media, whether in written or spoken language. To discover goals and messages in mass media, a researcher employed the analysis of certain discourse through the consideration in the use of words, phrases, and clauses that are arranged within media. This present research investigated how Indonesian police is represented through The Jakarta Post regarding the murder case of one police agent which offers new explanation regarding the way a news media elaborates on the Indonesian police through the language reflection used by the media through the three-dimension model of Fairclough. A qualitative research methodology is employed together with the application of a three-dimensional level of Norman Fairclough CDA. The results indicated that The Jakarta Post is neutral, with no bias toward either party, the public society, or the policies. It depicts how the Indonesian police handled the case. However, it still indicates public mistrust in the action or irregularities in the investigation and autopsy results, as evidenced by the responses of specific organizations in it.

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Representasi didefinisikan sebagai metode untuk menyelidiki satu hal tertentu yang dapat dilihat melalui bahasa, tindakan, atau suara, yang masing-masing memiliki cara yang berbeda dalam merepresentasikan sesuatu. Masyarakat dapat melihat bagaimana isu tertentu direpresentasikan dalam cara penyampaian atau pemberitaannya di berbagai media, baik tertulis maupun lisan melalui bahasa. Untuk menemukan tujuan dan pesan dalam media massa, penelitian dapat menggunakan analisis wacana tertentu melalui pertimbangan penggunaan kata, frase, dan klausa yang disusun dalam media. Penelitian ini menyelidiki bagaimana polisi Indonesia direpresentasikan melalui The Jakarta Post terkait kasus pembunuhan salah satu agen polisi, dimana akan menawarkan penjelasan baru mengenai cara media berita mengelaborasi polisi Indonesia melalui refleksi bahasa yang digunakan media melalui model tiga dimensi dari Fairclough. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan bersama dengan penerapan level tiga dimensi AWK Norman Fairclough. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa The Jakarta Post netral, tidak memihak salah satu pihak, masyarakat umum, atau pihak polisi. Ini menggambarkan bagaimana polisi Indonesia menangani kasus tersebut. Namun, hal itu tetap menunjukkan ketidakpercayaan publik terhadap tindakan atau kejanggalan dalam penyelidikan dan hasil otopsi, terbukti dari tanggapan organisasi tertentu di dalamnya.
Jenis, Sebab, dan Dampak Multilingualisme Masyarakat Balikpapan
Authors: Annisa Luthf
Published: December 2023

This research aims to determine the type of multilingualism in Balikpapan society along with its causes and impacts. This research is qualitative. obtaining the data from 27 participants and interviews with 3 informants. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out by analyzing questionnaire results and analysis results in the form of componential analysis and cultural themes. The results of the research show that the multilingualism abilities possessed by the community are dominant and passive responsive multilingualism, meaning that the community is more proficient in one language than another and has the ability to understand various languages but is less able to speak these languages. The three main causes of multilingualism in Balikpapan society are the community environment, independent learning, and transmission from parents. From the multilingualism of Balikpapan society, the phenomenon of code mixing emerged. The people of Balikpapan mix one language with another.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis multilingualisme masyarakat di Balikpapan beserta sebab dan dampaknya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari 27 partisipan dan wawancara dengan 3 informan Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuisioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menganalisa hasil angket dan hasil wawancara dalam bentuk analisis komponensial dan analisis tema budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kemampuan multilingualisme yang dimiliki masyarakat adalah multilingualisme dominan dan pasif responsif artinya masyarakat lebih menguasai satu bahasa daripada bahasa lain dan memiliki kemampuan dalam memahami berbagai bahasa namun kurang dalam berbicara bahasa-bahasa tersebut. Adapun tiga penyebab utama kemampuan multilingualisme di masyarakat Balikpapan adalah lingkungan masyarakat, pembelajaran mandiri, dan transmisi dari orang tua. Dari multilingualisme masyarakat Balikpapan ini muncul fenomena campur kode. Masyarakat Balikpapan mencampurkan bahasa satu dengan bahasa lain.
Produksi Fillers dalam Ujian Berbicara Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 Kurikulum IGCSE: Tinjauan Psikolinguistik
Authors: Nugraha Edy , Tarmini Wini
Published: December 2023

Speaking skill is the most important skill in learning a language as it reflects students' proficiency. Speaking differs from writing because speaking is a spontaneous activity and it involves the use of more fillers. This research explores the use of fillers in the bahasa Indonesia speaking test for Grade 10 students in the Cambridge IGCSE curriculum. A descriptive quantitative research method was applied with psycholinguistic and note-taking approaches. The research involves nine respondents from one international school who took the IGCSE exam. The findings revealed that non-lexical fillers constituted the highest percentage of sound fillers used at 67%, followed by word fillers at 27%, and phrase fillers at 6%. The most frequently used filler was ‘eee’ appearing 133 times, followed by ‘hmm’ 13 times. The most used filler words were 'apa' at 11 times and 'seperti' at nine times. The most common filler phrase was ‘menurut saya,’ appearing nine times. Regarding the filler function, the two most frequently used functions were hesitation (66%) and emphasis (22%). The high occurrence of hesitation fillers such as 'eee,' 'hmm,' and 'apa' implies that students experience anxiety during the speaking test. In addition, three functions of fillers imply disfluency and two functions imply the marker of discourse or communicative strategies.

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Keterampilan berbicara menjadi keterampilan yang sangat penting karena merupakan tanda keutuhan murid dalam mempelajari bahasa. Bahasa lisan berbeda dengan bahasa tulis karena bahasa lisan lebih sulit diatur dengan sifat spontan dan lebih banyak penggunaan filler. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana produksi filler dalam ujian berbicara bahasa Indonesia Kelas 10 kurikulum Cambridge IGCSE. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan psikolinguistik. Responden adalah 9 murid dari sekolah SA yang mengikuti ujian IGCSE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa filler nonleksikal menempati filler yang paling sering muncul mencapai 67%, pengisi kata 27%, dan filler frasa 6%. Filler yang paling banyak muncul adalah ‘eee’ mencapai 133 dan kedua adalah ‘hmm’ mencapai 13. Filler kata yang paling banyak muncul adalah ‘apa’ 11 kali dan ‘seperti’ 9 kali. Filler leksikal frasa yang muncul paling banyak adalah ‘menurut saya’ sebanyak 9 kali. Kemudian dari fungsi filler, kedua fungsi yang paling banyak diproduksi peserta didik adalah fungsi alat keraguan/ jeda dan fungsi empati. Fungsi keraguan mencapai 66% sementara fungsi empati mencapai 22%. Tingginya kemunculan filler ‘eee’, ‘ehm’, ‘apa’ mengimplikasikan murid mengalami kecemasan ketika ujian berbicara. Tambahan pula, 3 fungsi filler yang muncul menandakan ketidaklancaran dan 2 fungsi filler menandakan komunikasi strategis atau penanda wacana.
Verba Berafiks Me(N)— dan Ber— dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Perbedaan Perilaku Sintaksis dan Derivasinya
Authors: Laksanti I Desak Ketut Titis Ary
Published: December 2023

This research deals with differences syntactic character and its derivation between me(N)— and ber— verbs affixed in Indonesian language since many problems often appear when teaching Indonesian language grammar to foreigners. The data in this research was generated from the researcher's intuition as a native Indonesian speaker using a reflective-introspective method. Such method and technique are used to ease the data collection and their grammatical testing. The data are analyzed using distributional method and followed by substitution and paraphrase technique. These technique and method are used because their implementation exploiting internal linguistic elements. The research results show that me(N)— affixed verbs can form transitive and intransitive verbs. These intransitive verbs can be changed to transitive if combined with the suffix –kan, suffix –i, per-kan, and per-i. Meanwhile, ber— affixed verbs in Indonesian can form intransitive verbs. The derivations resulting from me(N)— affixed verbs are concrete nouns with the affix pe(N)— and abstract nouns with the affix pe(N)—an, while those derived from ber— affixed verbs are concrete nouns with the affix pe— and abstract nouns with the affix pe —an. Apart from nouns, ber— affixed verbs also derives from verbs. However, there are other problems that often do not comply with these formation rules.

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Penelitian ini membahas perbedaan perilaku sintaksis dan derivasi antara verba berafiks me(N)— dan ber— dalam bahasa Indonesia karena kerap muncul ketika mengajarkan materi tata bahasa bahasa Indonesia kepada orang asing. Data-data dalam penelitian ini dibangkitkan dari intuisi peneliti sebagai penutur asli bahasa Indonesia menggunakan metode reflektif-introspektif. Pemerolehan data yang demikian dilakukan untuk memudahkan pencarian dan pengujian data. Data-data itu dianalisis dengan metode agih atau distribusional yang selanjutnya dilakukan dengan teknik substitusi dan teknik parafrasa. Metode dan teknik itu digunakan karena pelaksanaannya melibatkan unsur-unsur dalam bahasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa verba berafiks me(N)— dalam bahasa Indonesia dapat membentuk verba transitif dan intransitif.  Verba intransitif tersebut dapat diubah menjadi transitf jika dikombinasikan dengan sufiks –kan, sufiks –i, memper—kan, dan memper—i. Verba berafiks ber— dalam bahasa Indonesia berfungsi sebagai pembentuk verba intransitif. Derivasi yang dihasilkan dari verba berafiks me(N)— adalah nomina konkret  berafiks pe(N)— dan nomina abstrak berafiks pe(N)—an, sedangkan yang diturunkan oleh verba berafiks ber— adalah nomina konkret  berafiks pe— dan nomina abstrak berafiks pe—an. Selain nomina, afiks ber— juga menderivasikan verba. Akan tetapi, terdapat persoalan-persoalan lain yang kerap kali tidak sesuai dengan kaidah pembentukan tersebut.
Klasifikasi Penyakit Daun Kopi Robusta Menggunakan Metode SVM dengan Ekstraksi Ciri GLCM
Authors: Agus Supriyanto  , R. Rizal Isnanto  , Oky Dwi Nurhayati
Published: December 2023

Tanaman kopi merupakan sumber pendapatan bagi beberapa petani di Indonesia dan berperan penting sebagai penghasil devisa negara. Produksi tanaman kopi dapat menurun akibat serangan hama dan penyakit. Beberapa penyakit yang sering terjadi pada tanaman kopi adalah penyakit pada daun, berupa bercak daun (Cercospora coffeicola) dan karat daun (Hemileia vastatrix). Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengenali jenis penyakit pada daun kopi robusta dan mengetahui hasil klasifikasi. Penerapan teknologi pengolahan citra berbasis machine learning menggunakan metode klasifikasi support vector machine (SVM) berdasarkan ekstraksi ciri gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) menjadi solusi yang diusulkan. Prapengolahan diperlukan sebelum dilakukannya pengolahan untuk meningkatkan kualitas citra supaya mudah dianalisis. Kemudian, dilakukan segmentasi menggunakan k-means clustering. Proses segmentasi k-means clustering dengan tiga cluster digunakan untuk membedakan bagian yang terdampak penyakit bercak daun atau karat daun dengan bagian yang tidak terdampak penyakit. Metode GLCM digunakan sebagai ekstraksi ciri, berdasarkan fitur angular second moment (ASM) atau energi, kontras, korelasi, inverse different moment (IDM) atau homogenitas, dan entropi dengan sudut 0°, 45°, 90°, dan 135°, serta jarak antar piksel 1 sampai 3 piksel. Metode SVM digunakan sebagai klasifikasi dengan kernel linear, polinomial, dan Radial Basis Function (RBF) Gaussian. Penelitian ini menggunakan citra bercak daun dan karat daun, dengan jumlah data latih 320 citra dan data uji 80 citra. Hasil pengujian terbaik diperoleh pada kernel RBF Gaussian dengan tingkat akurasi terbaik sebesar 97,5%, presisi 95,24%, recall 100%, dan F1-score 97,56%.
Skema Proteksi Resonansi Tegangan Lebih Saluran Udara Tegangan Ekstra Tinggi 500 kV
Authors: Imam Ghozali  , Mochammad Facta  , Abdul Syakur
Published: December 2023

Pemasangan reaktor shunt pada ujung saluran udara tegangan ekstra tinggi (SUTET) rangkaian ganda 500 kV seringkali dilakukan untuk membantu mengatasi kenaikan tegangan akibat kapasitans saluran yang panjang. Namun, permasalahan tegangan masih mungkin terjadi, khususnya ketika proses penginjeksian tegangan di saluran transmisi baru yang telah terpasang, akibat adanya induksi tegangan dan penguatan parameter dari rangkaian lain di saluran yang sama yang telah terinjeksi terlebih dahulu. Permasalahan munculnya tegangan lebih ini menjadi makin pelik karena saluran dan reaktor shunt telah selesai terpasang, sehingga panjang saluran dan kapasitas reaktor shunt tidak mungkin diubah. Fenomena tegangan lebih dalam penelitian ini terjadi ketika satu rangkaian di saluran transmisi belum diinjeksi, tetapi reaktor shunt telah tersambung, sehingga saluran tersebut mendapat induksi dan penguatan dari rangkaian lain karena di saat yang sama rangkaian yang kedua telah terinjeksi tegangan kerja. Dalam upaya mengatasi kondisi tegangan lebih tersebut, dalam makalah ini dilakukan perubahan skenario manuver injeksi tegangan ke saluran, perubahan skema proteksi jika terjadi gangguan fase ke tanah, dan penambahan relai tegangan lebih. Perubahan skenario manuver injeksi tegangan dapat mengurangi tegangan lebih yang terjadi pada saluran yang belum terinjeksi tegangan hingga 31,9 kVp. Perubahan skema proteksi saat terjadi gangguan fase ke tanah dengan memerintahkan pembukaan circuit breaker (CB) reaktor shunt dapat menghindarkan terjadinya kenaikan tegangan pada fase yang tidak terganggu. Penambahan relai tegangan dilakukan sebagai antisipasi terjadinya tegangan lebih ketika ada gangguan pada saluran dan kondisi CB reaktor shunt tidak mampu membuka akibat gangguan internal.
A Study on Teacher Feedback and AES Feedback in Chinese College students’ English Writings
Authors: Guo Tong
Published: December 2023

Feedback holds significant importance in second language writing instruction, as evidenced by numerous studies indicating its direct or indirect impact on the quality of learners’ written work. Despite this recognition, there has been a dearth of comprehensive research concerning the distinct influences of teacher feedback and Automated Essay Scoring (AES) feedback on the writing quality of learners. Addressing this gap, the present study employs a mixed-method approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. By meticulously examining AES feedback, teacher feedback, writing revision logs, and conducting interviews, this investigation identifies noteworthy differentials in the multidimensional aspects of writing quality attributed to these two distinct feedback modalities. Primarily, within the realm of syntactic complexity, lexical richness, fluency, and accuracy, the cohort exposed to teacher feedback demonstrated notably superior performance relative to their AES feedback counterparts. Secondarily, an assessment of revised text quality revealed compelling insights. The ultimate version of the text, stemming from the AES feedback group’s iterative revisions, exhibited marked enhancements in terms of accuracy, total word count, and average word length. In contrast, the initial and final drafts of the teacher feedback group unveiled discernible disparities in vocabulary intricacy, accuracy, total word count, and average word length. Evidently, while the ultimate version did not witness a significant surge in average word length or total word count, it showcased heightened vocabulary sophistication and enhanced accuracy in relation to the initial draft. This study underscores the value of judiciously deploying these two categories of feedback within the landscape of writing instruction. The nuanced benefits of each feedback type can be strategically harnessed to suit distinct writing contexts, thereby augmenting the caliber of learners’ written compositions.
A más de 20 años de migración chiapaneca: mudanzas y persistencias.
Authors: Martinez Velasco Germán
Published: December 2023

En el artículo se estudia la migración chiapaneca hacia Estados Unidos en el contexto de la región sureste a la vuelta de casi un cuarto de siglo. Se registran los cambios y las continuidades de los perfiles sociodemográficos de sus protagonistas, así como la importancia de las remesas y los vínculos con la disminución de los niveles de pobreza extrema en muchos de los municipios de Chiapas, México. Con base en indicadores sociodemográficos y económicos, se concluye que luego de más de 20 años de migración algunos elementos apuntan a que tal desplazamiento, después del auge experimentado en sus comienzos, se encuentra en consolidación con tendencia a profundizar la participación de las personas migrantes en el mercado laboral del norte.
Desafíos de la Defensoría del Pueblo en Argentina, Colombia y Ecuador
Authors: Acosta-Alvarado Paola Andrea
Published: December 2023

Una de las características principales de los ordenamientos jurídicos latinoamericanos es la especial relevancia constitucional que tienen los derechos humanos. Por ello, dentro del diseño institucional de los Estados, y acogiendo las recomendaciones plasmadas en los Principios de París, la mayoría de los países cuentan con instituciones nacionales de derechos humanos. En el caso de Argentina, Colombia y Ecuador, estas instituciones reciben el nombre de Defensoría del Pueblo. Este artículo ofrece un análisis de la configuración institucional de dichas instituciones, del alcance real de su trabajo y, a partir de ello, de los desafíos que aún tienen que superar para lograr su cometido de ser la institución puente entre el Estado y la ciudadanía, cuando de derechos humanos se trata.
La Constitución como acceso a la justicia terapéutica en la justicia penal para adolescentes. El caso del Estado de México
Authors: Gómez Barrera Alejandra Marlene , Contreras Bustamante Raúl Juan
Published: December 2023

La normativa internacional en materia de sistemas de justicia juvenil establece la aplicación de formas no judiciales de justicia, y como finalidad, la reintegración familiar y social de las personas adolescentes; éstos forman parte del sistema de justicia penal para adolescentes mexicano. Considerando la relación entre delincuencia y consumo de drogas, la Fiscalía General de Justicia del Estado de México implementó como parte de la aplicación de soluciones alternas, el programa “«Mexiquense» ¡date un chance!”, que consiste en incluir a la persona adolescente en una serie de actividades encaminadas a adquirir y fortalecer sus habilidades sociales, autocambio-cognitivo y solución de problemas, las cuales se llevan en un Centro de Integración Juvenil, A. C.
El control de constitucionalidad: especial referencia al caso cubano (1901-1952)
Authors: Pérez Véliz Alie , Crespo Hernández Olga Lisbeth , Montesino Santana Frank
Published: December 2023

El control de constitucionalidad se ha configurado como un límite al poder estatal. La institución se ha erigido sobre dos modelos: el judicial review y el kelseniano; el primero de origen estadounidense, y el segundo de origen austriaco. Estos modelos se han expandido por el mundo, pero a partir de mixturas o variantes intermedias que manifiestan adecuaciones a determinados contextos. Cuba experimentó desde la Constitución de 1901 la influencia del modelo norteamericano; sin embargo, desde 1940 recibió la influencia del modelo europeo, y creó el Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales y Sociales, como sala especializada dentro del Poder Judicial. Este trabajo pretende caracterizar la evolución del control de constitucionalidad en Cuba de 1901 a 1952, enfatizando su carácter precursor y atípico para la región.
El regreso de los deberes humanos
Authors: Sánchez Molina José Omar
Published: December 2023

Esta obra propone recuperar en la teoría constitucional contemporánea el concepto de deberes humanos. Para lograr ese objetivo, analiza el concepto técnico de deber, distingue los deberes de otras categorías jurídicas que le están vinculadas y da cuenta del exceso de derechos humanos y la correspondiente ausencia de los deberes humanos. También se hace una propuesta para contar con un catálogo de deberes humanos que pudieran incorporarse a la Constitución mexicana. Con el apoyo de la filosofía del derecho, se afirma que la defensa y protección de las libertades requieren tanto del concurso de los derechos como de los deberes humanos.
La jurisprudencia en la reforma judicial mexicana de 2021
Authors: Soberanes Díez José María
Published: December 2023

En el presente trabajo se analizan los cambios en el régimen jurisprudencial de la reforma de 2021, por lo que hace a la forma de expresar los precedentes y a las reglas para que un criterio judicial sea obligatorio.
Vectorial-Criterion-BasedAssessment of Ecological State ofthe Natural-Engineering System
Authors: Kurguzkin M. G. , Kurguzkin P. M.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the issues of assessing the ecological state of the territory of natural-engineering systems as the critical indicator of their stability. A brief analysis of the natural environment pollution assessment criteria based upon the scalar convolutions of ecological monitoring data arrays is provided. It is stated that neglecting mutual correlation of the pollution indicators being measured in the course of ecological monitoring reduced informative value of the mentioned criteria. Instructional aspects of plotting the territory pollution assessment criterion based upon dimension reduction and de-correlation of the ecological monitoring data array is presented. The results of monitoring the soil mantle pollution at the territory of the local natural-engineering system comprising the chemical weapons destruction facility and the natural environment within the boundaries of the protective action zone are taken as the example. The results of use of the Principal Components Analysis for dimension reduction and de-correlation of the monitoring data array are presented. The possibility of substituting three principal components for eleven pollution indicators without sacrificing the acceptable informative value of description is presented. Switch to orthogonal basis in the principal components’ space allows reviewing the values of the latter at the point as the projection in general case of a multi-dimensional vector which is called the damage vector and can be used as the integrated indicator of pollution. The options of pollution assessment on the basis of comparison of the current and initial moduli of the pollution vector as well as with the use of the surface of critical pollutions is considered. The possibility to simplify the structure of neural networks for forecasting the pollution degree by means of the neural network’s single output parameter in the form of the pollution vector is provided. The example of using the neural network trained on the soil mantle background monitoring data for forecasting the current soil pollution at the points of the protective action zone is provided. A perceptron having one hidden layer describes satisfactorily the distribution of the pollution vector over the territory five years after the man-made facility has been commissioned is demonstrated.
Features of Project Management of Industrial Enterprise Reconstruction on the Basis of Technical, Economic, Legal and Technological Factors
Authors: Kislyakov M. A. , Grahov V. P. , Kislyakov A. A.
Published: December 2023

One of the main forms of industrial enterprise development is reconstruction. The main task is to improve the technical level of the enterprise, the quality of products, introduce energy-saving and resource-saving technologies using existing fixed assets. There is a growing interest in reducing maintenance and repair costs, as well as in significantly increasing the time between repairs and reducing the energy intensity of buildings. This article is devoted to the peculiarities of managing a project for the reconstruction of an industrial enterprise, which includes a cultural heritage site. The study was conducted on the example of one of the oldest enterprises in Russia - Joint Stock Company 'Votkinsky Zavod'. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodological basis for the effective management of the reconstruction of an industrial facility based on a database of the technical condition of the main production assets of the Joint Stock Company 'Votkinsky Zavod'. In the course of the study, a detailed analysis of the historically established fund of buildings and structures, in-cluding a cultural heritage site, was carried out with the aim of their possible most optimal further adaptation. The main periods of the development of the plant in the history of its existence are highlighted. The result of the study is an assessment of the technical condition of buildings and structures of the industrial en-terprise under consideration, the classification of a group of buildings according to the periods of construction, according to design schemes and materials used, as well as according to the main defects and damage to structures. As a result of the study, a list of the most common defects and damages to the building structures of buildings and structures was compiled, and a base of technical information on the state of the enterprise's fixed production assets was formed. An algorithm for choosing the optimal variant of the project for the reconstruction of a building, structure or complex is proposed based on the observance of a certain sequence of economic analysis when considering technical, economic, social, aesthetic and time indicators with comparability of design solutions for reconstruction options.