bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Methodologies for Prediction of Rhythm-Control Strategy in Patients Diagnosed With Atrial Fibrillation: Observational, Retrospective, Case-Control Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Rachel S , Simon Steven , Powers Brett , Sandhu Amneet , Sanchez Jose , Borne Ryan T , Tumolo Alexis , Zipse Matthew , West J Jason , Aleong Ryan , Tzou Wendy , Rosenberg Michael A
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The identification of an appropriate rhythm management strategy for patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a major challenge for providers. Although clinical trials have identified subgroups of patients in whom a rate- or rhythm-control strategy might be indicated to improve outcomes, the wide range of presentations and risk factors among patients presenting with AF makes such approaches challenging. The strength of electronic health records is the ability to build in logic to guide management decisions, such that the system can automatically identify patients in whom a rhythm-control strategy is more likely and can promote efficient referrals to specialists. However, like any clinical decision support tool, there is a balance between interpretability and accurate prediction.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to create an electronic health record–based prediction tool to guide patient referral to specialists for rhythm-control management by comparing different machine learning algorithms.

METHODS

We compared machine learning models of increasing complexity and used up to 50,845 variables to predict the rhythm-control strategy in 42,022 patients within the University of Colorado Health system at the time of AF diagnosis. Models were evaluated on the basis of their classification accuracy, defined by the F1 score and other metrics, and interpretability, captured by inspection of the relative importance of each predictor.

RESULTS

We found that age was by far the strongest single predictor of a rhythm-control strategy but that greater accuracy could be achieved with more complex models incorporating neural networks and more predictors for each participant. We determined that the impact of better prediction models was notable primarily in the rate of inappropriate referrals for rhythm-control, in which more complex models provided an average of 20% fewer inappropriate referrals than simpler, more interpretable models.

CONCLUSIONS

We conclude that any health care system seeking to incorporate algorithms to guide rhythm management for patients with AF will need to address this trade-off between prediction accuracy and model interpretability.
Applying Integrating Testing of Microservices in Airline Ticketing System
Authors: Ma'ruf Dearisma Arfinda , Sulistyo Selo , Nugroho Lukito Edi
Published: March 2021

Microservices have been applied on several major systems including airlines. The characteristics of microservices which are independent and also interconnected need to be tested. The testing is done to preserve the system’s sequential stage processes, especially the online ticket reservation. Four features which are the search, booking, payment, and booking info feature are tested. This research performed three stages of testing on the microservices, those are unit testing, integrity testing, and end-to-end testing. Unit testing was conducted to test every function on every nodule, integrity testing was done to test interconnection between microservices, and end-to-end testing was to test the final results obtained after the unit test and integrity test were carried out. The three stages of testing must be done sequentially. The system on the airline provides the valid or correct response. Three stages of testing can be applied on other airlines by obtaining a legal API and can be accessed publicly.
A Microstrip Antenna Design Using an Heuristic Algorithm
Authors: Wiryawan I Made Adhi , Wahyuningtyas Maria Veronica Astrid , Persada Anugerah Galang , Ariananda Dyonisius Dony
Published: March 2021

Microstrip antennas have several advantages. Some of them are that they have a compact shape and small dimensions. Moreover, they are also easy to be fabricated and easily connected as well as integrated with other electronic devices. Currently, designing antennas conventionally is limited by time, energy, and experience as well as expertise. As an alternative, a way to design antennas with revolutionary methods is developed using algorithms and computing. Algorithm design techniques can overcome limitations and automatically find practical solutions that usually take a long time to discover. The particle swarm optimization algorithm and a genetic algorithm can find solutions from microstrip antennas. Objective functions play an essential role in heuristic algorithms. With a proper objective function, simulation results are obtained on the particle swarm optimization algorithm with a return loss value of -47.837, VSWR of 1.0083, and impedance of 46.805 Ω. In contrast, the genetic algorithm obtains return loss of -16.157 dB, impedance of 50.233 Ω, and VSWR of 1.3687.
МИГРАНТСКА И ИЗБЕГЛИЧКА КРИЗА: КОМПАРАТИВНИ ПРИКАЗ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА ДНЕВНИХ ЛИСТОВА БЛИЦ, ПОЛИТИКА И КУРИР
Authors: Aleksić Dušan , Stamenković Ivana
Published: March 2021

Intensive migrations during the last years of the 20th century and in the beginning of the 21st century are an important part of modern societies which are becoming multicultural. While information, ideas and people cross countries’ borders all the time, and term „nation“ is becoming outdated in new communication universe, the foundations of identity are becoming weak, unstable and subject to change. In crisis, media reporting about groups which are not culturally close to the native population significantly influences the public opinion creating, since direct contacts with such groups are limited and rare. Besides, the question arises to what extent such reporting is subject to the ethical codes.    In this paper, media reporting about recent European migrant and refugee crisis was analyzed. The paper is primarily focused on media representation of migrants and refugees which was analyzed through several aspects: frequency of texts about migrants and refugees, the analysis of genres, titles, visual presentation, respect of journalistic ethics as well as examination of rhetorical, stylistic and manipulative means that were used. All texts about migrant and refugee crisis published over a period of two weeks on three informative web-portals – „Blic“, „Kurir“ and „Politika“ were analyzed. The first analyzed week was from June 1st to September 7th, 2015, while the second week was from March 1st to March 7th, 2017. The goal of this comparative analysis of media texts was to determine possible differences in the way migrants and refugees are portrayed in media texts. The main goal was to determine diferences between three informative portals in terms of emphasis certain aspects of migrant and refugee crisis as well as in terms of emphasis certain characteristics of this social group.
ЗАШТИТА ДЕЦЕ ОД НАСИЉА У СРБИЈИ: АКТУЕЛНА ПРАВНА ПИТАЊА И ПРОБЛЕМИ
Authors: Jovanović Slađana , Arsić Jelena
Published: March 2021

Throughout the last several decades, the system of legal protection of children from violence in Serbia has been gradually improving, and its protection mechanisms have been harmonizing with international legal tendencies. Strategic and other documents support the systemic approach and, in conjunction with relevant regulations, represent the potential for more efficient solution of the problem of violence against children. However, adequate implementation of the existing legal norms, as well as strategic documents and plans in this field, has not yet been fully accomplished, including the continuous monitoring of the achievement of established goals and activities, which represents the major deficiency of current protection system. This paper analyzes characteristics of the development of family law and criminal law protection of children from violence, as well as the possibilities and pathways for its improvement, both in terms of normative and practical implementation of the existing solutions.
MILITARY POWER IN US FOREIGN POLICY - TRADITION AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Blagojevic Veljko
Published: March 2021

When considering the military power of the United States, it is necessary to distinguish military force and military power. Military force represents an organization that is equipped and trained to use force. America is clearly the largest military power in the world, and that is a fact. However, the term military power is significantly wider than that of the military force. It also includes elements related to the threat of using force and many other activities related to the involvement of military force in contemporary international relations, including international defense cooperation, military-technical cooperation, the purchase and sale of weapons and military equipment, and more. The paper focuses on this exact segment of military power, understood as a willingness to engage the US military force outside their national territory. The aim of the paper is to describe the evolution of the United States’ strategic thought regarding military power as a foreign policy instrument by analyzing the key processes in specific historical conditions from their independence to modern times. The results of this analysis will represent valuable indicators for a future role of military power in the US foreign policy in terms of potential conflicts for the preservation of global hegemony.
RELAÇÕES DE CONFIANÇA NAS FEIRAS DE PRODUTOS ORGÂNICOS E ARTESANAIS DOS BAIRROS DE PATO BRANCO-PR
Authors: Kiyota Norma , Gnoatto Tomazini Cecilia Eduarda , Diniz Pinto Quinaglia Giovana , Pilatti Gabriela
Published: March 2021

Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar as feiras de produtos orgânicos e artesanais como estratégia de reprodução social da agricultura familiar, ressaltando as relações de confiança estabelecidas entre agricultores, consumidores e demais participantes das feiras. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de observação e entrevista de 55 consumidores das Feiras de Produtos Orgânico e Artesanais dos Bairros de Pato Branco-PR, a partir de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, os quais possibilitaram caracterizar o consumidor destas feiras, identificando os mecanismos de confiança presentes que os norteiam. Desta maneira, constatou-se que parte majoritária dos consumidores das feiras estudadas pertence ao sexo feminino, dentre a faixa etária de 51 a 60 anos, com ensino superior completo e de bom rendimento mensal que por sua vez tomam sua decisão de compra baseada na relação de confiança face-a-face que mantêm com os organizadores e agricultores que realizam as feiras.
UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE AS RELAÇÕES POLÍTICAS NA ZONA RURAL DE EUNÁPOLIS - BA
Authors: De Oliveira Pessôa Marcela , Oliveira Lucas
Published: March 2021

Esse artigo é composto por resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa que buscou analisar como se estrutura a organização social e política da zona rural de Eunápolis – Bahia levando em consideração a atuação de agentes sociais e instituições. Para responder tal propósito, apoiou-se na perspectiva teórico-metodológica bourdieusiana, que busca compreender o funcionamento do mundo social através de mecanismos de dominação. Como metodologia, realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a realidade do Extremo Sul da Bahia, a análise de dados estatísticos sobre a realidade estudada, a observação sobre a repercussão do fenômeno em blogs e sites de notícias da região, bem como a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas para que pudéssemos, a partir dos discursos dos agentes, compreender as relações presentes na realidade social da zona rural de Eunápolis. Conclui-se, em linhas gerais, que prevalece uma desarticulação política na população rural eunapolitana que a fragiliza frente ao Poder Público, de modo que este deixa de desenvolver políticas públicas efetivas para o campo. Além disso, percebe-se a grande influência do poder privado, na figura da empresa Veracel, como produtor de políticas e ideologias que garantem a sua dominação.
DA MODERNIZAÇÃO AGRÍCOLA À DINÂMICA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL: O ASSENTAMENTO MAISA, RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Medeiros Kerginaldo Nogueira de , Nunes Emanoel Márcio , Ramalho Samara de Melo
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a agricultura familiar no assentamento MAISA, como uma dinâmica de desenvolvimento rural no Rio Grande do Norte, considerando sua passagem de empresa agrícola moderna e exportadora desde os anos 1970, para se transformar no segundo maior assentamento de reforma agrária do Brasil a partir do ano de 2003. A metodologia consistiu no estudo de dez dinâmicas internas, as agrovilas, com a aplicação de questionários para 89 famílias de agricultores assentados. Os resultados mostram uma baixa produtividade agrícola, uso de tecnologia atrasada e de baixo custo, além de grande parte dos chefes das famílias sendo empregados em empresas agrícolas, reproduzindo a própria condição de quando eram empregados da própria empresa MAISA. Conclui-se que o acesso a programas estatais assistencialistas se apresenta como estratégia para completar a renda familiar. A maior parte do excedente da produção é destinada a atravessadores, com inexpressível acesso aos mercados institucionais. Inexiste organização coletiva, se limitando a gestão da infraestrutura das agrovilas. Apesar desse contexto, a pesquisa constatou que a maioria das famílias demonstra otimismo em relação ao futuro e satisfação com as atividades agrícolas e com o meio rural.
KINEMATICS OF POSITIONING DEVICE FOR MATERIAL HANDLING IN MANUFACTURING
Authors: Hroncová Darina , Delyová Ingrid , Frankovský Peter
Published: March 2021

Different types of robots are used in many areas of industry. Industrial manipulators are used to ensure productivity and flexibility in automated production lines. Most of them is used for tasks that automatically repeat the same operation in a familiar environment. The key element in the development and analysis of industrial robots is their kinematic analysis. The article deals with the kinematic analysis of this positioning equipment. Individual relations of kinematic quantities are plotted graphically. Matrix methods were used for the analysis.
THE USE OF PROGRESSIVE GRAVITATIONAL METHODS IN THE LOGISTICS OF RAIL PASSENGER TRANSPORT
Authors: Dedík Milan , Hrudkay Karol , Šperka Adrián
Published: March 2021

The main strategic goal of EU transport policy is to support public passenger transport and railway transport as a key transport mode. It is also very important to develop and improve logistic processes in passenger transport. To meet these goals it is necessary to use professional and scientific methods, for example gravitational methods. These methods can be included among progressive empirical methods and models that are used to generalize specific results and offer a general solution to the problem, from practical knowledge to theoretical formulation. These methods are utilised in the natural sciences but their using in transport processes is very important too. One of the best known empirical methods are Nyvig´s and Lill´s gravitational methods. They are especially used in transport planning and organizing, determining of the traffic potential, optimization and rationalization of timetables and traffic service. In the contribution the authors deals with using of the current and new progressive gravitational methods in the context of rail passenger transport logistics. The first chapter comprises narrow connection of the logistics and rail passenger transport including the explanation of their function in rail passenger transport. The next chapter contains an analysis the current research of raised issues. The most important scientific part conssists of theoretical concept of the gravitational methods in railway passenger transport and its various modifications. Theoretical principles of the new progressive Lill´s gravitational model form including its practical application at the chosen railway passenger transport routes are explained and analyzed in the fourth and the fifth chapter.
AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS FOR MANAGEMENT - MATERIAL FLOW CONTROL AND STOCK STATUS
Authors: Kovalčík Jakub , Balog Michal
Published: March 2021

The subject of the article is to define the current state of the information system, to describe the use of technology in practice and to understand the principle and benefits of smart logistics. To describe the operation of RFID technology and systems that are necessary for the effective operation of a comprehensive automatic identification system. The issue is to define the current state of information technology and create a project for automatic identification. The aim of the smart logistics project is the overall improvement of the production process, registration of parts and the overall highlighting of the company's reputation. Automatic identification systems are nowadays one of the fastest growing areas, whether information logistics or logistics as such. Manufacturing companies are trying to apply more and more elements of these systems to their production processes. Slovak companies, which have their production process based on international orders, are increasingly trying to optimize their production and thus approach Western countries in the field of automatic identification and registration of parts.
DINÂMICA ESPACIAL DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 ATRAVÉS DE MAPAS ANAMÓRFICOS DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Ferreira Patricia Regina Pires , De Sousa Gustavo Mota , Marino Tiago Badre
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho busca representar os casos, óbitos e taxas de letalidade do COVID-19 em regiões de governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro por anamorfismo. A técnica de anamorfismo consiste na construção de cartogramas que deformam os limites substituindo as escalas métricas por escalas fracionais. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a distribuição do COVID-19 ao longo dos meses de abril a agosto de 2020, utilizando o ScapeToad para essas representações. ScapeToad é um software livre, que permite a criação de mapas anamórficos, também chamados de cartogramas. A metodologia aplicada foi a disseminação da doença nos municípios do Estado com os números absolutos de casos confirmados, óbitos e a taxa de letalidade confrontada com a estimativa populacional indicada pelo IBGE. Os resultados mostraram que a disseminação dos dados começou na Região Metropolitana e avançou pelas maiorescidades do interior.
Palavras-chave: Anamorfismo, Cartograma, População, COVID-19.SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC THROUGH ANAMORFPHIC MAPS OF THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIROAbstract: The present work seeks to represent the cases and deaths of COVID-19 in government regions of the State of Rio de Janeiro due to anamorphism. The objective of the work is to analyze the distribution of COVID-19 from April to August 2020, using ScapeToad for these representations. ScapeToad is free software, which allows the creation of anamorphic maps, also called cartograms. The methodology applied was the spread of the disease in the municipalities of the State with the absolute numbers of confirmed cases and deaths confronted with the population estimate indicated by IBGE. The results showed that the dissemination of data began in the Metropolitan Region and advanced through the largest cities in the interior.
Keywords: Anamorphism, Cartogram, Population, COVID-19.DINÁMICA ESPACIAL DE LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 A TRAVÉS DE MAPAS ANAMÓRFICOS DEL ESTADO DE RÍO DE JANEIRO
Resumen: El presente trabajo busca representar los casos y muertes de COVID-19 en regiones gubernamentales del Estado de Río de Janeiro por anamorfismo. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar la distribución de COVID-19 de abril a agosto de 2020, utilizando ScapeToad para estas representaciones. ScapeToad es un software gratuito que permite la creación de mapas anamórficos, también llamados cartogramas. La metodología aplicada fue la propagación de la enfermedad en los municipios del Estado con los números absolutos de casos confirmados y defunciones confrontados con la estimación poblacional indicada por el IBGE. Los resultados mostraron que la difusión de datos se inició en la Región Metropolitana y avanzó por las ciudades más grandes del interior.
Palabras clave: Anamorfismo, Cartograma, Población, COVID-19.
Federalismo e políticas municipais de financiamento à cultura no Brasil
Authors: Rubim Antonio Albino Canelas , Almeida Juliana , Mettenheim Sofia
Published: March 2021

A estrutura federativa brasileira historicamente fortaleceu os entes locais, que possuem autonomia e competências relevantes – desafios frente à falta de recursos e capacidade institucional encontrada em grande parte dos municípios brasileiros. Com o crescente desmonte das políticas públicas de cultura no âmbito federal, e com os ataques em curso pelo governo ao campo cultural, os municípios se apresentam como pilar importante de execução de políticas culturais. Como tem sido desenvolvida a política de fomento à cultura nesse contexto? A partir dos dados disponíveis sobre a gestão municipal da cultura nas Pesquisas de Informações Básicas Municipais (MUNIC/IBGE), o artigo se debruça sobre 1) a institucionalidade das gestões municipais de cultura, buscando identificar quais estruturas e em quais condições a gestão local da cultura tem se realizado; e 2) as políticas de fomento à cultura que as gestões têm executado, com especial atenção aos segmentos apoiados e aos instrumentos utilizados. A partir dos dados, apontam-se modelos, tendências e hipóteses sobre as políticas de fomento à cultura municipais, entendendo a relevância de melhor compreendê-las em um momento que se colocam como importante possibilidade de democratização.
O ENSINO DE TEATRO E A CONSTRUÇÃO DE ESPAÇOS HETEROTÓPICOS NO IFFLUMINENSE CAMPUS CAMPOS CENTRO
Authors: Dos Santos Portilho Aline , Siqueira Queiroz de Carvalho Maria
Published: March 2021

O artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca da ocupação do espaço escolar não convencional em atividades teatrais realizadas no âmbito da disciplina de Artes no campus Campos Centro do IF Fluminense no ano letivo de 2018 e sua potência enquanto criadoras de heterotopias no ambiente escolar.
Resenha do Livro BRICS e o futuro da ordem global
Authors: Silva Brendon Lucas Pereira
Published: March 2021

Nesta resenha será tratada o livro "BRICS e o futuro da ordem global", escrito por Oliver Stuenkel. Tem como objetivo fazer uma analise sobre a "Biografia Histórica" dos BRICS, desde a criação do conceito BRICs pelo economista chefe da Goldman Sachs, a ascensão do grupo devido a crise de 2008, a inclusão da África do Sul no grupo, a criação do Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento do BRICS e um Arranjo Contingente de Reservas.
The influences of corporate cultures on business communication: An ethnographic and textual analysis
Authors: AlAfnan Mohammad Awad
Published: March 2021

It is proven that corporate cultures have a great impact on productivity, job satisfaction, and turnover. This study, through ethnographic and textual analysis, aims to investigate the influences of corporate/organizational cultures (Cooke & Szumal, 1993) on management and business communication. To form a comprehensive, holistic, and in-depth understanding of the organizational culture and its direct and indirect effects on professional communication in the workplace, participant observations were conducted, interviews were carried out and interorganizational and intraorganizational textual data was collected from an educational institute. The ethnographic and textual analysis revealed that the act of adaptiveness to the organizational culture shaped the communicative practices, the linguistic structures, and the behavioral norms of the place discourse community. As the employees were bound by the rules and regulations, they made direct and indirect references to the policies using referential intertextuality, functional intertextuality, and conventional formulaic expressions. As the employees were also bound to be supportive, friendly, and respectful, they strived to use proper opening and closing markers, positive and negative politeness, and affiliative humour to create a positive environment and reduce stress. Employees also used ellipsis, substitutions, hedges, and emoticons to mark excitement in conversations and writing. The study revealed that organizational cultures influence business communication through shaping the “I think”, “I feel”, and “I act” attitudes in different situations.
Acute urticaria in children: what can we learn from clinical practice?
Authors: Banadyha Nataliya , Nakonechna Alla
Published: March 2021

Acute urticaria in children: what can we learn from clinical practice?
Efficacy of an adrenaline auto-injector diary for patients allergic to foods or insect stings
Authors: Oishi Taku , Hagino Kouhei , Kuroiwa Hajime , Fujieda Mikiya
Published: March 2021

Background: Adrenaline auto-injectors (AAIs) are not used correctly by
patients and their caregivers because of a lack of training. The aim of
this study was to determine how to help patients maintain proper use of
AAIs. Methods: Patients prescribed AAIs or their caregivers were
recruited. At enrollment, they were asked to demonstrate use of a
‘trainer’ device, and they were given a calendar as a diary. They were
asked to mark the days they practice for a year. After one year, their
performance was re-evaluated. Their skills were evaluated in five steps
that consisted of a) how to hold the AAI, b) removing the cap, c)
selecting the mid-anterolateral thigh as the correct site of injection,
d) holding firmly in place for 5 seconds, and e) massaging after
injection. The primary endpoint was the percentage of participants that
correctly used the AAI one year after enrollment. Results: A total of
102 participants were enrolled. At enrollment, of the 82 participants
who had previous AAI prescriptions, 38 (46.3%) used it correctly.
Except for evaluation items d) and e), 55 of 82 (67.1%) used it
correctly. Ninety-seven participants could be confirmed after one year,
and 81 of them (83.5%) used the AAI correctly. Conclusion: Distributing
the diary was effective in maintaining AAI skill. It is thought that the
diary helped participants maintain their motivation to practice using
the AAI.
Age trends in direct medical costs of pediatric asthma: a population study
Authors: Chen Wenjia , Tavakoli Hamid , FitzGerald J , Subbarao Padmaja , Stuart Turvey , Sadatsafavi Mohsen
Published: March 2021

Background: Quantifying age trends in healthcare costs of pediatric
asthma leads to better understanding of the natural history of the
disease and informed decision-making on the allocation of healthcare
resources. Methods: We identified children with incident asthma from the
health administrative data of British Columbia, Canada (Jan 1998 to Dec
2015), and followed them from their first diagnosis of asthma or
wheezing until age 18. We estimated direct medical costs (in 2016
Canadian dollars [$]), including inpatient and outpatient
encounters and pharmacy costs, attributed to asthma (primary outcome)
and other respiratory diseases (secondary outcome). We assessed the
impact of sex and socioeconomic status on age trends, adjusting for
calendar effect. Results: The final analysis included 44,552 children
with asthma (62% boys). From age 0 to 18, costs of asthma/wheezing and
other respiratory conditions decreased from $1,036 to $29/child-year,
and from $1,145 to $31/child-year, respectively. Children under 3
years of age incurred 4–fold higher costs for asthma/wheezing and other
respiratory conditions. In particular, costs of asthma hospitalizations
were 10 times higher in this age group compared to older children. Age
trends were generally similar between sex groups and across
socioeconomic status. However, medication costs for asthma/wheezing
decreased in boys, whereas those in girls declined during childhood but
increased during adolescence. Conclusions: The highest costs of
pediatric asthma are concentrated in children younger than 3. Age trends
were generally consistent between sex and across socioeconomic status.
HOSPITAL COSTS OF IMMUNOPREVENTABLE DISEASES IN THE ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION IN BRAZIL
Authors: Costa Elide Sbardellotto M da , Hyeda Adriano , Maluf Eliane Cesario Pereira
Published: March 2021

Immunopreventable diseases are a public health reality in Brazil and
worldwide. Objectives and Methods: A population, observational,
descriptive, retrospective study was conducted with secondary
information from DATASUS to discriminate the hospitalizations associated
with immunopreventable diseases in Brazil and their care costs, within
the Scope of the SUS, between 2008 and 2018, in the economically active
population (20 to 59 years). Results: It was analyzed for 457,479
hospitalizations, total of 127,746 hospitalizations (27.92% of all
hospitalizations) were observed for immunopreventable diseases in the
adult population, totaled R$115,682,097.54 (29.72% of the total
values. The trend analysis of the time series of hospitalizations in
this population showed a stationary trend. Conclusions: It were
identified an opportunity of increasing the immunization coverage in the
workforce population, for avoided hospitalizations and their costs for
the health system.
The perceived global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on doctors’ medical and surgical training: an international survey
Authors: Collaborative . TMS , Laloo Ryan , Karri Rama Santhosh , Wanigasooriya Kasun , Beedham William , Darr Adnan , Layton Georgia , Logan Peter , Tan Yanyu , Mittapalli Devender , Patel Tapan , Mishra Vivaswan Dutt , Odeh Osama Faleh , Prakash Swathi , Elnoamany Salma , Peddinti Sri Ramya , Daketsey Elorm Adzoa , Gadgil Shardool , Bouhuwaish Ahmad , Ozair Ahmad , Bansal Sanchit , Elhadi Muhammed , Godbole Aditya Amit , Axiaq Ariana , Rauf Faateh Ahmad , Ashpak Ashna
Published: March 2021

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a
significant burden on healthcare systems causing disruption to medical
and surgical training of doctors globally. Aims and objectives This is
the first international survey assessing the perceived impact of the
COVID-19 pandemic on training of doctors of all grades and specialties.
Methods An online global survey was disseminated using Survey Monkey®
between 4th August 2020 and 17th November 2020. A global network of
collaborators facilitated participant recruitment. Data was collated
anonymously with informed consent and analysed using univariate and
adjusted multivariable analysis. Results 743 doctors of median age 27
(IQR: 25-30) were included with the majority (56.8%, n=422) being male.
Two-thirds of doctors were in a training post (66.5%, n=494), 52.9%
(n=393) in a surgical specialty and 53.0% (n= 394) in low- and
middle-income countries. 69.2% (n=514) reported an overall perceived
negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their training. A
significant decline was noted among non-virtual teaching methods such as
face-to-face lectures, tutorials, ward-based teaching, theatre sessions,
conferences, simulation sessions and morbidity and mortality meetings
(p≤0.05). Doctors from low or middle-income countries were associated
with perceived inadequate supervision while performing invasive
procedures under general, local or regional anaesthetic. (p≤0.05)
Conclusion In addition to the detrimental impact of the COVID-19
pandemic on healthcare infrastructure, there has been an indirect
consequence of disrupted training within medical and surgical
subspecialties. A focus on reconfiguration of training programs through
a variety of additional resources will become imperative to reduce the
long-term sequalae of COVID-19 on doctors’ training.
Philosophical and psychological approaches to bullshit
Authors: Ilic Sandra , Damnjanovic Kaja
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we give an overview of philosophical considerations of and
psychological empirical research on bullshit. While taking this concept from
philosophy, in the first wave of research, psychologists implicitly changed
both the content and definition of the concept, focusing on aspects of
bullshit phenomena addressable by empirical tools, such as individual
differences in bullshit receptivity. In the second wave, researchers,
adequately, relied more on contemporary philosophical analyses and
definitions of bullshit. This led to employing experimental procedures to
examine the distinctive features of such statements, influence of the
speaker, that is - the source of bullshit, as well as implications for
public discourse. In the concluding part, shortcomings of the existing
approaches addressed, social implications of use of bullshit and receptivity
to them are highlighted, and suggestions on how to overcome these
shortcomings are presented.
COVID -19 Infection and the Steps to be Taken in a Medical Laboratory
Authors: Sultana Tuhin
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 is a contagious disease. This virus mainly infects throat and lungs. This disease spreads through the infected person’s cough, sneeze, respiratory droplets or contact of the person. If infected by this virus the symptoms which will be seen in the infected person are given
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Kompetensi Dasar Membuat Jamu dan Boreh/Lulur Perawatan Badan
Authors: Dharmayani Ni Ketut Yuliana
Published: March 2021

Tujuan dari dilaksanakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI Tata Kecantikan 3 SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja dalam kompetensi dasar Membuat Jamu dan Boreh/Lulur Perawatan Badan menggunakan model pembelajaran project based learning (PjBL). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas XI Tata Kecantikan 3 SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja sebanyak 33 siswa. Sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah peningkatan keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar Membuat Jamu dan Boreh/Lulur Perawatan Badan siswa kelas XI Tata Kecantikan 3 SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk menilai keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI Tata Kecantikan 3 adalah lembar observasi dan lembar penilaian hasil belajar. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan kelas yang telah dilaksanakan dalam 2 (dua) siklus, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning (PjBL) dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar membuat Jamu dan Boreh/Lulur Perawatan Badan siswa kelas XI Tata Kecantikan 3 SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja.
The National Conferences and Their Outcome and the Future of Democracy in Africa: Evidence from a Comparative Study
Authors: Remi Oussou Kouame
Published: March 2021

In the 1990, taking advantage of the collapse of the Soviet Empire, many African States, mainly French speaking countries, the opposition elite in alliance with the civil society took to the streets for a national encounter in order to set new grounds for the political competition in almost 30 years. This paper tries and analyzes the impact of the so-called National Conferences on the current shape on the democratic transition and the democratic process in some of the States that hosted these public discussions. In contrast, it argues that countries failed to take advantage of these National Fora are less prone to embrace democracy, with for all of them a failure to bring substantial social changes in terms of well-being.
Impact of Globalization on Socioeconomic and Health Conditions a Quantitative Study of Adivasis
Authors: Lal B. Suresh
Published: March 2021

The process of globalisation has made an unprecedented change in indigenous people's lives worldwide. However, the degree of exploitation and marginalisation vary from State to states and tribal group to group. It examines that younger age group is more than 40%, the majority of Adivasis are illiterates. More than 70 per cent of samples are male and married, and they follow a nuclear family system. Fifty-three per cent of Adivasis are residing in small huts, their religion is Hindu, and they speak the Telugu language. Sixty per cent of respondents are cultivator with below three acres of land, and their annual income is below 14,000/ rupees. It shows that majority of Adivasis are in poverty. Twenty-three per cent of the respondent is suffering from Anaemia health problems, followed by 19 per cent of Blood Pressure, 15 per cent Diabetes, 13 per cent Tuberculosis, Nine per cent Gynecological problems,  in the study area. The globalisation has adversely impacted socio-economic aspects, including marriage, dressing patterns, and food habits of Adivasis in the study area of Telangana State, India.
Quantification of the collagen fibers of healthy and neoplastic mammary tissue in cats by the Picrossirius Red histochemical method
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) - Botucatu, Jorge Mariana , Patrocínio Ana , Hataka Alessandre , Sequeira Julio
Published: March 2021

Although feline mammary carcinoma is not the most prevalent among the species, its aggressive behavior represents a low life expectancy, compared with most undifferentiated types of breast cancer. Tissue stiffness induced by the accumulation of collagen fibers is related to a risk factor for carcinogenesis in healthy women and aggressiveness in those with breast cancer, which can also occur in cats. The objective of this work is to identify the relationship between stromal collagen density and aggressiveness of mammary carcinoma in cats, according to the peripheral and central tissue distribution by the Picrossirius Red histochemical method. Image.J® and MatLab® software were used for digital image processing. The mean values of kurtosis and entropy attributes were ​​grouped into a control group, and low and high-grade carcinoma groups, analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test (p <0.01). Interpretation of stromal dynamics is important to evaluate both central and peripheral locations. According to entropy, there was a significant increase in the peripheral density in the carcinoma groups in relation to the control group, which can be justified by blood support. The same can be said of the central region, with a significant gain in collagen fibers from the tumors, indicated by kurtosis. The results suggest the presence of increases in stromal density in mammary carcinomas of cats, regardless of their graduation, and occurring in both regions.
A dicephalus calf: anatomical, pathological and radiographic aspects
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Peixoto Tiago , Ribeiro Lorena , Mendonça Múcio , Souza Ana , Pinto Marcela , Silva Antonio , Muramoto Caterina , Biasi Caio , Carvalho Vitor , Leal Paula , Peixoto Tiago
Published: March 2021

Congenital malformations are morphofunctional abnormalities of tissues and organs that can occur during embryonic or fetal development in all animal species. Among these, dicephalus is characterized by the development of an individual with two heads and two necks, due to the total duplication of facial, cranial, and brain structures. Reports of dicephalus in cattle are scarce and do not normally emphasize radiographic and bone anatomy characteristics. The objective was to describe a case of a stillborn dicephalus calf. The duplication of the head, brain, neck, and two thoracic vertebral columns, isolated from each other, with 13 vertebrae each was verified radiographically. There were 13 pairs of ribs, the ones on the right side articulated with the thoracic spine on the right and the left ones with the spine on the left. Caudally at T13, there was only one lumbar spine, sacral and coccygeal. In the ventrodorsal projection, L1, L2, L3, and L6 had the shape of a butterfly (suggestive of hemivertebrae). At necropsy, in addition to craniocervical and spinal morphological changes, collapsed lungs, duplication of the heart with anastomosis between the aortic arches of the hearts, and duplication of the upper digestive tract were observed. Additionally, there was arthrogryposis of the pelvic limbs. Corpse maceration, followed by the skeletal assembly, showed the bone changes previously observed and confirmed the suspicion of hemivertebrae.
Bilateral auricular aneurysm with intact pericardial sac in a dog
Authors:   Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Viott Aline , Faccin Mayane , Matos Mônica , Cavasin João , Bochi Ana , Pavelski Mariana
Published: March 2021

A nine-year-old, male, Pekingese dog was presented with a history of dyspnea, lethargy, syncope, polyuria, polydipsia, and selective appetite over two years. When the clinical signs first began, a radiographic exam revealed a radiopaque mass in the cranial mediastinum. An adequate treatment was not performed and the dog was presented to the hospital with severe tachycardia, dyspnea, and tachypnea, and died during physical examination. On necropsy, the heart presented bilateral auricular aneurysms. The pericardial sac was intact, and no other defects were found within the heart. Microscopically, the cardiomyocytes were marked degenerated and proliferation of connective tissue. This is the first case report of a bilateral auricular aneurysm with intact pericardial sac in a dog.
Chronic prostatitis in a dog infected with a smooth strain of Brucella spp.
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina, Rüegger Maria , Gorordo Maria , Luciani Maria , Pautasso Denise , Gualtieri Catalina , Elena Sebastián , Eckstein Camila , Santos Renato , Margineda Carlos
Published: March 2021

Dogs may be occasionally infected by smooth strains of Brucella spp. The infection is usually associated with the ingestion of contaminated material from parturition or abortion, or other tissues from infected farm animals, particularly cattle and pigs. A 6-year-old, male mixed breed dog from a rural area was admitted at a veterinary clinic for clinical examination. The dog had bilateral perineal hernia with dysuria and dyschezia, as well as small firm testicles with scrotal adhesions. Serological tests, including buffered plate antigen, serum agglutination test, and 2-mercaptoethanol test, were positive for smooth Brucella spp. strains, whereas a rapid slide agglutination test was negative for B. canis. Blood and prostate tissue samples yielded no bacterial isolates. Histopathology demonstrated interstitial lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic infiltration of the prostate gland, with fibrosis and occasional disruption of glandular architecture. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated abundant Brucella spp. antigens in the cytoplasm of macrophages. This report supports the notion that not only B. canis, but also smooth Brucella spp. must be considered in the differential diagnosis of prostatitis in dogs.
Diaphragmatic hernia and unilateral renal agenesis in a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)
Authors:   Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, de Araujo J. Leal , Lins B.B. , Sousa M.S. , Frade A.D.A. , Oliveira R.L. , Almeida P.G.T. , de Oliveira D.M.N.M.
Published: March 2021

An approximately 3-month-old crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) was found by environmental authorities in the State of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil and referred to a wildlife care center. The fox was presenting respiratory distress and it was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB) for ancillary testing. Abdominal and thoracic ultrasound and radiographies were performed. These imaging tests indicated the fox had a possible diaphragmatic hernia and ectopic kidney. The imageology results were confirmed on necropsy, which revealed a postero-lateral focal discontinuity of the dorsal aspect of the diaphragmatic muscle with protrusion of the gastrointestinal tract into the thoracic cavity. The stomach and intestinal loops were filled with gas and obliterated the visualization of the heart and lungs. Additionally, only the right kidney was found, and no vestigial left kidney was identified. Congenital diaphragmatic hernias are not commonly observed in wildlife but should be considered as a potential differential diagnosis for acute onset of respiratory distress in young carnivores.
role and significance of collegiality and unity of command as a principle of organization and activity of executive authorities in Russia
Authors: Goncharov Vitaly Viktorovich , Mikhaleva Tatiana N. , Vasilevich Grigory A. , Balashenko Sergey A. , Pukhov Artem A. , Zalesny Jacek
Published: March 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of implementing such a principle of organization and activity of executive authorities in the Russian Federation as collegiality and unity of command.  The authors identified the main shortcomings and imbalance in the implementation of the principle of collegiality and unity of command as the main organizational and legal forms of activity of executive authorities in modern conditions, and also developed proposals to eradicate imbalances in the work of collective and single-executive bodies of executive power.
Sebîlürreşâd Muharriri S.M. (Seyyid Muhammed) Tevfik Külliyatına Methal
Authors: SALTIK Ekrem
Published: March 2021

Osmanlı matbuat tarihi ve İslamcı dergiler literatürünün en önemli yayınlarından biri olan Sebîlürreşâd dergisi, aynı zamanda dönemin düşünce hayatına yön veren üretken muharrirleriyle de öne çıkan uzun soluklu bir dergidir. Kadrosunda, yaşamı ve entelektüel üretimleri ortada olan ünlü muharrirler olduğu kadar, yaşamı ve yazdıklarına dair herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamış muharrirler de bulunan Sebîlürreşâd’ın, yaşam hikâyesi ve yazını araştırılmamış olan muharrirleri arasında S.M. Tevfik de bulunmaktadır. Literatürde genellikle Sebîlürreşâd dergisinde Hindistan Mektupları adıyla yayınladığı makaleleriyle bilinen S.M. Tevfik, aslında hem II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi Türkçe matbuatı hem de eş zamanlı olarak İstanbul merkezli yayın yapan Farsça matbuatı açısından önemli olan aksiyoner bir gazetecidir. Osmanlı matbuatındaki görünürlüğünün ortadan kaybolduğu dönemin üzerinden geçen bir asırdan sonra yapılan yeni araştırmalarda, aslında muharrirlik kariyerinin sadece Sebîlürreşâd ya da ilgili literatürde oldukça sık atıf yapılan Hindistan Mektupları’ndan ibaret olmadığı anlaşılan S.M. Tevfik’in şimdiye kadar karanlıkta kalmış yaşamı kadar bu yaşamı adarcasına ortaya koyduğu zengin külliyat da oldukça önemlidir. Bu makale, çeşitli yazılarında S.M.T. [.س. م. ت] ve S.M. Tevfik [س. م. توفیق] imzaları kullanan, tam adıyla Seyyid Muhammed Tevfik Hemedanî’nin II. Meşrutiyet Döneminin çeşitli süreli yayınlarındaki yüzlerce makalesi ve muhtevaları bakımından oldukça ilginç olan özgün kitaplarından oluşan külliyatına dair müstakil bir bibliyografya oluşturmak üzere kaleme alınmıştır.