bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presence and persistence of a highly ordered lipid phase state in the avian stratum corneum
Authors: Champagne Alex M. , Pigg Victoria A. , Allen Heather C. , Williams Joseph B.
Published: March 2018

To survive high temperatures in a terrestrial environment, animals must effectively balance evaporative heat loss and water conservation. In passerine birds, cutaneous water loss (CWL) is the primary avenue of water loss at thermoneutral temperatures, and increases slightly as ambient temperature increases, indicating a change in the permeability of the skin. In the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of skin, lipids arranged in layers called lamellae serve as the primary barrier to CWL in birds. The permeability of these lamellae depends in large part on the ability of lipid molecules to pack closely together in an ordered orthorhombic phase state. However, as temperature increases, lipids of the SC become more disordered, and may pack in more permeable hexagonal or liquid crystalline phase states. In this study, we used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to monitor the phase state of lipids in the SC of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) at skin temperatures ranging from 25 to 50°C. As temperature increased, lipids became slightly more disordered, but remained predominantly in the orthorhombic phase, consistent with the small increase in CWL observed in house sparrows as ambient temperature increases. These results differ considerably from studies on mammalian SC, which find a predominantly hexagonal arrangement of lipids at temperatures above 37°C, and the increased order in avian SC may be explained by longer lipid chain length, scarcity of cholesterol, and the presence of cerebrosides. Our results lend further insight into the arrangement and packing of individual lipid molecules in avian SC.
Cuticular gas exchange by Antarctic sea spiders
Authors: Lane Steven J. , Moran Amy L. , Shishido Caitlin M. , Tobalske Bret W. , Woods H. Arthur
Published: March 2018

Many marine organisms and life stages lack specialized respiratory structures, like gills, and rely instead on cutaneous respiration, which they facilitate by having thin integuments. This respiratory mode may limit body size, especially if the integument also functions in support or locomotion. Pycnogonids, or sea spiders, are marine arthropods that lack gills and rely on cutaneous respiration but still grow to large sizes. Their cuticle contains pores, which may play a role in gas exchange. Here, we examined alternative paths of gas exchange in sea spiders: 1) oxygen diffuses across pores in the cuticle, a common mechanism in terrestrial eggshells, 2) oxygen diffuses directly across the cuticle, a common mechanism in small aquatic insects, or 3) oxygen diffuses across both pores and cuticle. We examined these possibilities by modeling diffusive oxygen fluxes across all pores in the body of sea spiders and asking whether those fluxes differed from measured metabolic rates. We estimated fluxes across pores using Fick's law parameterized with measurements of pore morphology and oxygen gradients. Modeled oxygen fluxes through pores closely matched oxygen consumption across a range of body sizes, which means the pores facilitate oxygen diffusion. Furthermore, pore volume scaled hypermetrically with body size, which helps larger species facilitate greater diffusive oxygen fluxes across their cuticle. This likely presents a functional trade-off between gas exchange and structural support, in which cuticle must be thick enough to prevent buckling due to external forces but porous enough to allow sufficient gas exchange.
Entry and Exit, Multiproduct Firms, and Allocative Distortions
Authors: Jaef Roberto N. Fattal
Published: March 2018

Most studies quantifying the gains from reversing allocative distortions are static in nature. We propose a model of firm dynamics featuring entry, exit, and multiproduct firms to understand the contribution of these dynamic factors in shaping the welfare and long-run productivity gains from removing distortions. We find that while the entry and exit of firms and their product-portfolio choices exert countervailing forces over long-run total factor productivity (TFP), they reinforce each other in shaping the welfare gains from reversing misallocation. Welfare gains, which account for transition dynamics, become more than twice as high as the long-run changes in TFP. (JEL D21, D24, D61, L11, O41)
Predation, Protection, and Productivity: A Firm-Level Perspective
Authors: Besley Timothy , Mueller Hannes
Published: March 2018

This paper studies the consequences of predation when firms deploy guard labor as a means of protecting themselves. We build a simple model and combine it with data for 144 countries from the World Bank enterprise surveys, which ask about firm-level experiences with predation and spending on protection. We use the model to estimate the output loss caused by the misallocation of labor across firms and from production to protection. The loss due to protection effort is substantial and patterns of state protection at the micro level can have a profound impact on aggregate output losses. Various extensions are discussed. (JEL D22, D24, J24, K40, L84, O17)
A Quantitative Theory of Information, Worker Flows, and Wage Dispersion
Authors: Michaud Amanda M.
Published: March 2018

Employer learning provides a link between wage and employment dynamics. Workers who are selectively terminated when their low productivity is revealed subsequently earn lower wages. If learning is asymmetric across employers, randomly separated high-productivity workers are treated similarly when hired from unemployment, but recover as their next employer learns their type. I provide empirical evidence supporting this link, then study whether employer learning is an empirically important factor in wage and employment dynamics. In a calibrated structural model, learning accounts for 78 percent of wage losses after unemployment, 24 percent of life-cycle wage growth, and 13 percent of cross-sectional dispersion observed in data. (JEL D83, E24, J23, J24, J31, J62)
A eficácia das redes sociais e das ferramentas de marketing no recrutamento de integrantes para organizações sem fins lucrativos
Authors: Motta Rodrigo Guimarães , Junqueira Luciano Antonio Prates , Turra Francisco José
Published: March 2018

Este artigo propõe discutir a eficácia do recrutamento de participantes para organizações da sociedade civil através das redes sociais e das ferramentas de marketing. Foi eleita uma área de atuação dessas organizações, o esporte, mais especificamente o judô. Para tornar possível a compreensão do assunto, foi feita uma pesquisa com cento e sessenta praticantes de judô, que treinam em organizações da sociedade civil, como institutos, academias, ONGs e escolas. Observou-se que judocas são recrutados por redes sociais, o que se constitui como uma ação mais efetiva que as ações de marketing. Nas redes sociais, os laços fracos são mais eficazes que os laços fortes para recrutar participantes para as organizações. Ao estudar os laços fracos, foi constatado que o recrutamento é feito sobretudo através de conhecidos e que ocorrem com mais frequência que aqueles obtidos através de outras organizações, os relés sociais.
Análise dos artigos científicos sobre carreira em administração
Authors: GRANGEIRO REBECA Da Rocha , Barreto Augusto Jorge Tavares Paes , Silva Jean Soares da
Published: March 2018

O presente estudo procurou analisar a produção de artigos científicos sobre carreira, em 44 periódicos nacionais que possuem conceito avaliativo Capes A2, B1 e B2, na área de Administração. O presente artigo possui caráter quantitativo, uma vez que analisa as frequências das características autorais, metodológicas e escolhas teóricas das 96 produções encontradas. Para análise dos dados, utilizamos os critérios de avaliação de produção científica organizados por Borges-Andrade e Pagotto (2010). Houve predominância de autores com título de doutor e formação em administração. Os tipos de parcerias mais comuns ocorrem entre dois e três autores (63,5%). As instituições com maior quantidade de publicações são: FGV, USP, UFBA e UFRGS. Em relação a aspectos metodológicos, verificamos que a maioria das pesquisas são descritivas, qualitativas e tem origem em dados primários. Os resultados apontaram crescimento das publicações sobre o tema indicando notoriedade científica do mesmo.
Uso da IoT, Big Data e inteligência artificial nas capacidades dinâmicas
Authors: Mendonça Cláudio Márcio Campos , Andrade António Manuel Valente de , Sousa Neto Manoel Veras de
Published: March 2018

O objetivo do artigo foi descrever a utilização e importância de elementos da transformação digital (IoT, Big Data e Inteligência Artificial) como apoio aos processos das capacidades dinâmicas em organizações de uma capital brasileira. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram selecionados 53 questionários de gestores de negócio e TI. Foi identificado que na percepção de gestores de negócio e de TI os elementos da transformação digital, mesmo com a utilização relativamente baixa, principalmente da IoT e IA, com melhor destaque para Big Data, são avaliadas com importância, seja nos dias atuais, bem como na perspectiva até 2025, nos processos que envolvem as capacidades dinâmicas de analisar o ambiente (Sensing), aproveitar as oportunidades (Seizing) e gerir as ameaças e transformações (Managing Threats/Transforming). Com maior destaque do Big Data nos processos da capacidade dinâmica de aproveitar as oportunidades.
Impacto social das ações de uma organização sem fins lucrativos
Authors: ANESE VIVIAN , Costa Carlos , Coelho Elenise Abreu
Published: March 2018

O impacto de ações sociais reflete-se na transformação de beneficiários, modificando seu modo de pensar, de viver e de fazer escolhas. Este estudo visa mensurar a percepção de comunidades beneficiárias quanto às ações promovidas por uma organização sem fins lucrativos. A pesquisa, de abordagem quantitativa, descritiva e de cunho transversal, teve a participação de 322 pessoas ligadas à organização nos estados Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso e Rondônia. Foram avaliados positivamente a adequação das atividades às demandas locais; o impacto proveniente do trabalho realizado; os benefícios recebidos pelas comunidades atendidas. Devem ser melhorados a divulgação das ações desenvolvidas e o acréscimo de parcerias público-privados. O estudo mostrou que as ações sociais da organização geram impacto positivo, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento social e a garantia de direitos.  Este estudo pretende orientar as organizações sem fins lucrativos na adequação das atividades ofertadas às demandas dos beneficiários. Palavras-chave: Impacto social, ações sociais, organizações sem fins lucrativos.
Determinantes da Decisão de Compra da Baixa Renda
Authors: Pereira da Silva Jorge Cleber , Rabêlo Neto Alexandre
Published: March 2018

O aumento do consumo das classes C, D e E, tem provocado demandas por pesquisas empíricas sobre a inclusão pelo consumo. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as variáveis influenciadoras do processo de decisão de compra dos consumidores de baixa renda na cidade de Caxias-MA. Utilizou-se um Survey, aplicado a 1000 respondentes. Utilizaram-se técnicas de análise multivariadas e modelagem de equações estruturais. O modelo demonstrou que o aumento da renda da população faz com que o consumo de alimentos melhore quantitativa e qualitativamente e que atendimento, qualidade e preço são atributos essenciais na definição dos locais de compra desses consumidores.
„Nie taka Unia straszna, jak ją malują”?
Authors: Góra Magdalena
Published: March 2018

‘The Union’s not so black as it’s painted’? The state of the European integration and the future of the European Union in the eyes of Poles. The qualitative analysis Debate on Polish membership in the European Union has started almost immediately after 1989. Closer to the membership negotiations and enlargement – it became more concrete even though concentrated predominantly on the conditions of membership. Even after the membership the debate on the European integration concentrated on the benefits and costs of membership. Secondly, the impact of the integration on functioning of Polish – still young and fragile – democracy in Poland was debated. Thirdly, the axiological dimension of the debate focuses on how the European integration will impact the value system in Poland. There was only little interest of the future of integration, and the debate rather focused on what would be the benefits for the country. The main aim of this article is to present how today – ten years after the enlargement – issues connected with the European integration are debated by the ordinary citizens. The special focus will be put on how they perceive the future of the European integration in the context of economic crisis in Europe.
EMELINA, A LOUCA DE VENTOS DO APOCALIPSE – E O GUIA PARA A FELICIDADE E O SOFRIMENTO...
Authors: Pereira Ianá Souza
Published: March 2018

O artigo pretende discutir a personagem Emelina do romance Ventos do apocalipse, da moçambicana Paulina Chiziane: uma mulher que enfrenta os horrores da guerra e a opressão da ordem sexista de sua aldeia. É uma personagem apresentada ao leitor como alguém que sonega informações sobre seu estado de alma; não sabemos ao certo a que atribuir sua tristeza e sua melancolia – sabemos apenas que os aldeões a consideram louca, e também que muito desse seu estado de espírito está associado à guerra e à sua condição de mulher no grupo de refugiados. Emelina é uma personagem que oscila entre a tristeza e a loucura, apresentando sempre a fluidez de sua identidade social. Sua caracterização diz muito mais dos medos e das ansiedades de uma mulher do que da guerra em si. Diz também sobre as possibilidades e impossibilidades da felicidade e do sofrimento para as mulheres num espaço em que impera o abuso do poder arbitrário e absoluto dos homens.
ANCESTRALIDADE:RESISTÊNCIA CULTURAL EM UM RIO CHAMADO TEMPO, UMA CASA CHAMADA TERRA, DE MIA COUTO
Authors: Oliveira Thiara Cruz de , Oliveira Jurema José de
Published: March 2018

Este artigo discute em Um rio chamado tempo, uma casa chamada terra (2003), do escritor Mia Couto, a ancestralidade como resistência na literatura, ao mesmo tempo em que questiona o processo de entrelugar do personagem Marianinho. Desse modo, dialogaremos a partir de apontamentos sobre cultura na perspectiva afrocentrada e pan-africanista, e com a tradição bantu que fundamentará a análise acerca da ancestralidade identificada na obra.
UMA PROPOSTA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: O CONTO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: Paz Demétrio Alves , Berned Pablo Lemos
Published: March 2018

Em projetos de extensão ligados ao projeto de pesquisa “O conto em língua portuguesa em sala de aula”, desenvolvemos um trabalho metodológico com autores africanos de língua portuguesa para conquistar leitores e para introduzi-los ao estudo e apreciação de textos literários. O foco dos projetos residiu tanto na formação de professores e na ampliação do repertório de leituras quanto na qualificação de docentes e alunos do curso de Letras para a prática do ensino de Língua e Literatura.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Garcia Flavio , Lima Norma
Published: March 2018

Apresentação do dossiê 29
Do you measure up?
Authors: Davis John
Published: March 2018

Support pupils to practise using a range of measuring equipment and give them experience of recording measurements taken in a variety of different ways.
Treatment strategy and long-term functional outcome of traumatic elbow dislocation in childhood: A single centre study
Authors: Nussberger G. , Schädelin S. , Mayr J. , Studer D. , Zimmermann P.
Published: March 2018

Purpose

Traumatic elbow dislocation (TED) is the most common injury of large joints in children. There is an ongoing debate on the optimal treatment for TED. We aimed to assess the functional outcome after operative and nonoperative treatment of TED.

Methods

We analysed the medical records of patients with TED treated at the University Children's Hospital, Basel, between March 2006 and June 2015. Functional outcome was assessed using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) Sport and Music Module score. These scores were compared between nonoperatively and operatively treated patients.

Results

A total of 37 patients (mean age 10.2 years, 5.2 to 15.3) were included. Of these, 21 (56.8%) children had undergone nonoperative treatment, with 16 (43.2%) patients having had operative treatment. After a mean follow-up of 5.6 years (1.2 to 5.9), MEPS and QuickDASH Sport and Music Module scores in the nonoperative group and operative group were similar: MEPS: 97.1 points (SD 4.6) versus 97.2 points (SD 2.6); 95% confidence interval (CI)-2.56 to 2.03); p = 0.53; QuickDASH Sport and Music Module score: 3.9 points (SD 6.1) versus 3.1 points (SD 4.6); 95% CI 2.60 to 4.17; p = 0.94. We noted no significant differences regarding the long-term functional outcome between the subgroup of children treated operatively versus those treated nonoperatively for TED with accompanying fractures of the medial epicondyle and medial condyle.

Conclusion

Functional outcome after TED was excellent, independent of the treatment strategy. If clear indications for surgery are absent, a nonoperative approach for TED should be considered.

Level of evidence

Level III - therapeutic, retrospective, comparative study
Kemampuan Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano dalam Menurunkan Kadar Logam Berat Tembaga (Cu) pada Limbah Tekstil
Authors: Fitriyanto Eko Bambang , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih , Hariyati Riche
Published: March 2018

Textile industries produce waste as one of the industrial product processing. One of pollutants in liquid waste is heavy metal ion. The heavy metals which were found in textile waste is Copper. Copper is one of the metals which are needed in trace element and essentially for the organism. But if its amounts were high, the function will change as a toxin in the body. Physical and chemical remediation method need expensive price but it is not effective. Another alternative method that can be used is bioremediation with micro algae, called phycoremediation. One of micro algae that was used for phycoremediation agent is Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano is easy to be cultured. The objective of this research is to study the growth of the population and the percentageof Cu reduction after inoculation using C. calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano.Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano was cultivated in textile waste in seven days wereobserved the population and the percentage of Cu reduction. The environment factors such as salinity, pH, light intensity should be kept for their stability. During seven days,C. calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano able decreased 20% of Cu concentration ( from 0.595 mg/l to 0.478 mg/l ) in seven days and the number of cells 2,8 × 106 cell/ml. Keywords: Chaetoceros calcitrans, heavy metal, phycoremediation, copper
Kualitas Kerabang Telur pada Berbagai Itik Petelur Lokal di Balai Pembibitan dan Budidaya Ternak Non Ruminansia (BPBTNR), Ambarawa
Authors: Fitriani Eka , Isdadiyanto Sri , Tana Silvana
Published: March 2018

Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) was one type of potential poultry producing eggs. Efforts to increase productivity can be done through the selection of good breeding stock, provision of adequate food in quantity and quality as well as the provision of additional feed (feed additive). Calcium carbonate was a mineral needed by a group of ducks for egg shell formation. The purpose of the research was quality of the local duck eggs Pengging include ducks, duck Tegal and duck Magelang  based on the quality of its shell. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments (Pengging duck, duck Ducks Tegal and Magelang) and 6 replication.The measured variable was the index of egg shell, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness and eggshell calcium. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a differentiating factor is the type of duck. Real different data analyzeda further test using Least Significant Differences Test (LSDT) at the level of 95%. The results of this research indexshowed that ducks Tegaland duck Pengging no significant difference but significantly different with Magelang ducks. Weight eggshell and eggshell thickness showed no significantly different for the three types of local ducks. Eggshell calcium levels showed that Magelang ducks and duck Pengging no significant difference but significantly different with Tegal ducks.Conclusion of the study was index eggshell and eggshell calcium could affect the quality of the eggshell. Keywords: Local Ducks in Central Java, the index of egg shell, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell calcium.
Pelacakan Gen Sitokrom Oksidase Subunit 1 (Co1) DNA Mitokondria Pada Itik Tegal (Anas sp.)
Authors: Rahayu Annisa Rizky , Kusumaningrum Hermin Pancasakti , Budiharjo Anto
Published: March 2018

Itik Tegal adalah salah satu sumber plasma nutfah ternak Indonesia yang belum memiliki informasi asal usul dan identitas genetik, sedangkan ini sangat diperlukan sebagai dasar dalam usaha persilangan dan pemuliaan untuk menghasilkan itik hibrida unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui identitas genetik itik Tegal menggunakan gen sitokrom oksidase subunit 1 (CO1) dengan primer BirdF1 dan BirdR1. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara isolasi DNA dari otot paha itik, diikuti amplifikasi gen CO1, dan sekuensing. Sekuen gen CO1 digunakan untuk analisis hubungan kekerabatan dengan mengkonstruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan metode neighbor-joining dengan analisis bootstrap 1.000 ulangan. Model Kimura 2-parameter digunakan untuk menghitung jarak genetik dengan pairwise distance. Hasil penelitian memperoleh fragmen gen CO1 itik Tegal. Fragmen tersebut homolog dengan sekuen gen CO1 Anas platyrhynchos voucher NHMO-BC400. Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan itik Tegal memiliki hubungan kekerabatan paling dekat dengan A. platyrhynchos yang terdistribusi di Skandinavia dan Amerika Utara, A. poecilorhyncha yang terdistribusi di Asia tropis dan timur, serta Tadorna tadorna yang terdistribusi di China. Kata kunci: gen CO1, genetik, itik Tegal
Jenis-Jenis Lichen Di Kampus Undip Semarang
Authors: Murningsih Murningsih , Mafazaa Husna
Published: March 2018

Lichen is a symbion organism which own huge positive effect over environment. Lichen is formed by a symbiosis between fungi (mikobiont) from Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes, and alga (fikobiont) from Cyanobacteria or Chlorophyceae. Corticolous lichens lives as an epiphyte in substrate of skin branches. It grows in Diponegoro University (Undip) campus area where a lot of shaded trees can be found as the substrate. The research aimed to define the names of lichen in Undip area by using purposive random sampling. The sampling was found in four locations: 1. Eastern of green boulevard, in front of Farm Faculty; 2. Western of green boulevard, in front of Medical Plants Biology building; 3. Northern of green boulevard, next to Economic and Business Faculty; 4. Green Boulevard as a main road, in front of Engineering Faculty. The research encountered 7 families of lichen which are Graphis scripta,  Graphis sp. (Family of Graphidaceae), Lepraria sp. (Family of Leprariaceae), Dirinaria applanata, Dirinaria picta, Dirinaria sp., (Family of Physciaceae), Caloplaca sp. (Family of Caloplacaceae), Parmelia sp., Parmelia sulcata (Family of Parmeliaceae), Lecanora sp. (Family of Lecanoraceae), Arthonia sp. (Family of Arthoniaceae). The lichens are in groups of talus types: foliose and crustose. Keywords: names of lichen, talus types, Undip
Pengaruh Pemberian Fermentasi Kotoran Ayam Roti Afkir Dan Ampas Tahu Dalam Media Kultur Massal Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kandungan Nutrisi Daphnia sp
Authors: Nailulmuna Zumalallail , Pinandoyo P , Herawati Vivi Endar
Published: March 2018

Daphnia sp. is one kind of natural food that has many advantages. Some advantages of Daphnia sp. is a high nutrient content, according to the size suitable for fish larvae, and the provision of Daphnia sp. in the form of life does not cause a decrease in water quality. Nutrition content on the Daphnia sp. became from the suspended organic and the bacteria which was obtained from the fertilizer that added to the culture media. This research was aimed to found out the effect of fermented quail feces, bread waste, and tofu and determine the best treatment to generate the biomass growth, and the nutrition content of the Daphnia sp.This research used laboratory animals such as Daphnia sp. and a container of concrete tanks as many as four. The methods of this research was used experimental methods with Complete Randomize Design with 4 treatments and population count repetition as 3 times with the density of the Daphnia sp. was 100 ind./l. Treatments of this research were Tretment A  (0 %  chicken mannure, 50 % tofu waste and 50 % bread waste), B (25 % chicken mannure, 50 % tofu waste and 25 % bread waste),  C (25 % chicken mannure, 25 % tofu waste and 50 % bread waste, D (50 % chicken mannure, 25 % tofu waste and 25 % bread waste) with the total amount of the combination was 200 g/l. Data which observed were population density, biomass, and nutrition content. The results showed that the treatment of A was the lowest population density valued 548.67 ind / ml and the highest population density was on C treatment with a density of 1328.67 ind / ml at the peak of the stationary phase. Biomass in treatment C resulted in 336.30 grams and the treatment A yield 82.64 grams, and the content of nutrients with the highest protein is found in the C treatment with a value of 66.80%. Keywords :Daphnia sp.;chicken manure; tofu waste; bread waste; fermentation
Ciri Morfologi Polen Dan Spora Tumbuhan Dari Sedimen Rawa Jombor Klaten
Authors: Sarah Solifa , Agung Suedy Sri Widodo , Hastuti Endah Dwi
Published: March 2018

The Marsh of Jombor Klaten is a natural swamp that was once small swamps surrounded by villages and hills located in the lower mainland and serves to hold rainwater. Environmental has changed from the lowlands into the aquatic environmentand the more widespread the diversity of types of flora around the Swamp Jombor has been changed.The diversity of types of flora can be known through the morphology of the pollen and spores. The purpose of this research is to know the diversity of plant species based on morphology of pollen and spores found in Swamp sediment Jombor. Sampling is done by drilling sedimentary soil clays Swamp Jombor on three points with the first location code RWJ (3) at a depth of 2 m situated around the keramba, the second code RWJ (4) at a depth of 1.5 m, and third code RWJ (5) at a depth of 0.35 m located around the inlet.The sample preparation using method asetolisis, then morphological characteristics observed pollen and spores. Calculated the number of each type of pollen and spores.The data obtained were analyzed using pollen and spore morphology of description. The data obtained were analyzed using pollen morphology characteristics and description of the spores found in the swamp Jombor. The results showed that the morphology of the pollen and spores found in Swamp sediment Jombor has a variation of shapes and sizes. The flora type obtained from the sediments Swamp Jombor as much as 28 type, including 8 typearboreal pollen (AP), 9 typenon arboreal pollen (NAP), and 11 type of spores. Types of flora that dominates is the NAP family Gramineae (80,10%) which indicates the plant a tree instead of in the form of shrubs or herbaceous were more developed in marsh of Jomborenvironment. Keywords: Jombor, morphology, pollen, spore, diversity.
Produksi Miselium Jamur Ling ZHI (Ganoderma lucidum) Dalam Medium Air Kelapa Tua Dan Tauge Extract Broth Dengan Metode Kultur Terendam Teragitasi
Authors: Sulistyaningtyas Ayu Rahmawati , Suprihadi Agung
Published: March 2018

Jamur ling zhi (Ganoderma lucidum) sudah mulai dibudidayakan secara intensif di Indonesia. Masalah yang sering dihadapi dalam budidaya jamur ling zhi adalah kesulitan dalam penyediaan bibit. Proses penyediaan bibit jamur biasanya dilakukan secara konvensional menggunakan media agar. Metode konvensional akan membutuhkan biaya dan waktu produksi yang banyak sehingga diperlukan metode pembibitan baru yaitu kultur terendam teragitasi. Kultur terendam miselium dari kultur murni langsung dapat ditanam pada media tanam jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan produksi miselium jamur ling zhi dalam medium air kelapa tua dan tauge extract broth dengan metode terendam teragitasi. Parameter  utama penelitian meliputi berat kering miselium, sedangkan parameter pendukung meliputi suhu inkubasi, pH medium awal dan akhir inkubasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RAL) dengan faktor medium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi miselium jamur ling zhi (G. Lucidum) dalam medium air kelapa tua lebih tinggi dibandingkan medium tauge extact broth. Kata kunci: Ganoderma lucidum, Medium, Air Kelapa Tua, Tauge Extract Broth, Kultur Terendam Teragitasi
Uji Potensi Bakteri Endofit Kitinolitik Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Sebagai Penghasil Hormon IAA (Indole Acetic Acid)
Authors: Hanafi Ahmad , Purwantisari Susiana , Raharjo Budi
Published: March 2018

IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) is a hormone in plants that was role in the cleavage of roots, inhibits the growth of side shoots, stimulate cell division and the formation of xylem and phloem tissue. This study aimed to test the potential of endophytic bacteria chitinolytic rice crop as hormone-producing IAA. This study uses 9 isolates of endophytic bacteria chitinolytic rice plants in isolation during practical work. The experiment consisted of 15 treatments and 3 replications. This study uses a randomized block design. The treatments tryptophan concentration combined with a variation pH, the endophytic bacteria grown on media chitinolytic tryptophan concentration of 0 mg/L, 102 mg/L, 204 mg/L, 306 mg/L and 408 mg/L are combined with pH 5, 7 and 9. the treatment was observed for 48 hours and observation once every 3 hours. The measured variable is the result of the production of IAA hormone with the treatment combination of tryptophan with pH. IAA hormone outcome data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance Univariates at level of 95%. IAA hormone qualitative test results showed positive results in bacterial isolates KA12, KA11 and KB24. IAA hormone quantitative results of bacterial isolates producing IAA hormone KA12 high of 2,03 mg/L in the combination treatment of tryptophan 408 mg/L at pH 7 at 24 hours incubation. KA12 bacterial isolates are endophytic bacteria chitinolytic potential to produce hormones IAA, yet the results of data analysis showed that each treatment combination with pH tryptophan to IAA production were not significantly different. Keywords: hormone IAA, chitinolytic endophytic bacteria, tryptophan, pH
Editorial
Authors: Dewaele Jean-Marc , Li Chengchen
Published: March 2018

This is the first special issue devoted specifically to emotions in second language acquisition (SLA). Influenced by the positive psychology movement (Fredrickson, 2001), there has been a shift away from an exclusive focus on negative emotions in SLA to a more holistic analysis of both negative and positive emotions among learners (Dewaele & MacIntyre, 2014; MacIntyre & Gregersen, 2012; MacIntyre, Gregersen, & Mercer, 2016; MacIntyre & Mercer, 2014). We are not claiming that nobody had considered positive emotions and affect in SLA before 2012, as indeed many researchers prepared the ground (e.g., Arnold, 1999; Broner & Tarone, 2001; Cook, 2000; Dewaele, 2005; Kramsch, 2006). Moreover, educational psychologists did point to the pivotal role of positive academic emotions that sustain motivation (Pekrun, 1988, 2014; Pekrun, Goetz, Titz, & Perry, 2002a, 2002b). However, none of the SLA studies created the kind of wave of interest in emotions in SLA that we are currently witnessing. It is possible that now the time is ripe, as the success of the biennial Psychology of Language Learning conferences illustrates, as well as the establishment of the new International Association of Psychology of Language Learning during the second conference in Finland in 2016.
Classroom anxiety and enjoyment in CLIL and non-CLIL: Does the target language matter?
Authors: De Smet Audrey , Mettewie Laurence , Galand Benoit , Hiligsmann Philippe , Van Mensel Luk
Published: March 2018

This study investigates pupils’ anxiety and enjoyment in the classroom when learning a second or foreign language. The particularity of this study lies in the comparison of two target languages (English and Dutch) in two educational contexts (CLIL and non-CLIL) at different instruction levels (primary and secondary education). While most research on content and language integrated learning (CLIL) focuses on English as a target language, the Belgian context calls for a comparison with the language of the “other” community, in this case Dutch. Data were collected from 896 pupils in French-speaking Belgium through a self-report questionnaire measuring pupils’ anxiety and enjoyment in the classroom, along with background characteristics. Results indicate that while CLIL pupils experience significantly less anxiety than their non-CLIL counterparts, English learners report significantly less anxiety and more enjoyment than Dutch learners. This suggests an important role of the target language for emotional engagement in the classroom and calls for further investigation into the role of target language perceptions. Finally, the interactions with instruction level reveal that while primary school pupils report stronger emotions, the effects of CLIL and English are much larger at secondary level.
The Nitsche phenomenon for weighted Dirichlet energy
Authors: Iwaniec Tadeusz , Onninen Jani , Radice Teresa
Published: March 2018

The present paper arose from recent studies of energy-minimal deformations of planar domains.
We are concerned with the Dirichlet energy. In general the minimal mappings need not be homeomorphisms. In fact, a part of the domain near its boundary may collapse into the boundary of the target domain. In mathematical models of nonlinear elasticity this is interpreted as interpenetration of matter. We call such occurrence the Nitsche phenomenon, after Nitsche’s remarkable conjecture (now a theorem) about existence of harmonic homeomorphisms between annuli. Indeed the round annuli proved to be perfect choices to grasp the nuances of the problem. Several papers are devoted to a study of deformations of annuli. Because of rotational symmetry it seems likely that the Dirichlet energy-minimal deformations are radial maps. That is why we confine ourselves to radial minimal mappings. The novelty lies in the presence of a weight in the Dirichlet integral. We observe the Nitsche phenomenon in this case as well, see our main results Theorem 1.4 and Theorem 1.7. However, the arguments require further considerations and new ingredients. One must overcome the inherent difficulties arising from discontinuity of the weight. The Lagrange–Euler equation is unavailable, because the outer variation violates the principle of none interpenetration of matter. Inner variation, on the other hand, leads to an equation that involves the derivative of the weight. But our weight function is only measurable which is the main challenge of the present paper.
Pseudo-metric 2-step nilpotent Lie algebras
Authors: Autenried Christian , Furutani Kenro , Markina Irina , Vasiľev Alexander
Published: March 2018

The metric approach to studying 2-step nilpotent Lie algebras by making use of non-degenerate scalar products is realised. We show that a 2-step nilpotent Lie algebra is isomorphic to its standard pseudo-metric form, that is a 2-step nilpotent Lie algebra endowed with some standard non-degenerate scalar product compatible with the Lie bracket. This choice of the standard pseudo-metric form allows us to study the isomorphism properties. If the elements of the centre of the standard pseudo-metric form constitute a Lie triple system of the pseudo-orthogonal Lie algebra, then the original 2-step nilpotent Lie algebra admits integer structure constants. Among particular applications we prove that pseudo H-type algebras have bases with rational structure constants, which implies that the corresponding pseudo H-type groups admit lattices.
Formally Real Fields
Authors: Schwarzweller Christoph
Published: March 2018

We extend the algebraic theory of ordered fields [7, 6] in Mizar [1, 2, 3]: we show that every preordering can be extended into an ordering, i.e. that formally real and ordered fields coincide.We further prove some characterizations of formally real fields, in particular the one by Artin and Schreier using sums of squares [4]. In the second part of the article we define absolute values and the square root function [5].
Implicit Function Theorem. Part I
Authors: Nakasho Kazuhisa , Futa Yuichi , Shidama Yasunari
Published: March 2018

In this article, we formalize in Mizar [1], [3] the existence and uniqueness part of the implicit function theorem. In the first section, some composition properties of Lipschitz continuous linear function are discussed. In the second section, a definition of closed ball and theorems of several properties of open and closed sets in Banach space are described. In the last section, we formalized the existence and uniqueness of continuous implicit function in Banach space using Banach fixed point theorem. We referred to [7], [8], and [2] in this formalization.
Tarski Geometry Axioms. Part III
Authors: Coghetto Roland , Grabowski Adam
Published: March 2018

In the article, we continue the formalization of the work devoted to Tarski’s geometry - the book “Metamathematische Methoden in der Geometrie” by W. Schwabhäuser, W. Szmielew, and A. Tarski. After we prepared some introductory formal framework in our two previous Mizar articles, we focus on the regular translation of underlying items faithfully following the abovementioned book (our encoding covers first seven chapters). Our development utilizes also other formalization efforts of the same topic, e.g. Isabelle/HOL by Makarios, Metamath or even proof objects obtained directly from Prover9. In addition, using the native Mizar constructions (cluster registrations) the propositions (“Satz”) are reformulated under weaker conditions, i.e. by using fewer axioms or by proposing an alternative version that uses just another axioms (ex. Satz 2.1 or Satz 2.2).
Methods for Human Dehydration Measurement
Authors: Trenz Florian , Weigel Robert , Hagelauer Amelie
Published: March 2018

The aim of this article is to give a broad overview of current methods for the identification and quantification of the human dehydration level. Starting off from most common clinical setups, including vital parameters and general patients’ appearance, more quantifiable results from chemical laboratory and electromagnetic measurement methods will be reviewed. Different analysis methods throughout the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from direct current (DC) conductivity measurements up to neutron activation analysis (NAA), are discussed on the base of published results. Finally, promising technologies, which allow for an integration of a dehydration assessment system in a compact and portable way, will be spotted.
Germanium Plasmon Enhanced Resonators for Label-Free Terahertz Protein Sensing
Authors: Bettenhausen Maximilian , Römer Friedhard , Witzigmann Bernd , Flesch Julia , Kurre Rainer , Korneev Sergej , Piehler Jacob , You Changjiang , Kazmierczak Marcin , Guha Subhajit , Capellini Giovanni , Schröder Thomas
Published: March 2018

A Terahertz protein sensing concept based on subwavelength Ge resonators is presented. Ge bowtie resonators, compatible with CMOS fabrication technology, have been designed and characterized with a resonance frequency of 0.5 THz and calculated local intensity enhancement of 10.000. Selective biofunctionalization of Ge resonators on Si wafer was achieved in one step using lipoic acid-HaloTag ligand (LA-HTL) for biofunctionalization and passivation. The results lay the foundation for future investigation of protein tertiary structure and the dynamics of protein hydration shell in response to protein conformation changes.
Towards Breath Gas Analysis Based on Millimeter-Wave Molecular Spectroscopy
Authors: Rothbart Nick , Hübers Heinz-Wilhelm , Schmalz Klaus , Borngräber Johannes , Kissinger Dietmar
Published: March 2018

Breath gas analysis is a promising non-invasive tool for medical diagnosis as there are thousands of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in human breath that can be used as health monitoring markers. Millimeter-wave/terahertz molecular spectroscopy is highly suitable for breath gas analysis due to unique fingerprint spectra of many VOCs in that frequency range. We present our recent work on sensor systems for gas spectroscopy based on integrated transmitters (TX) and receivers (RX) fabricated in IHP’s 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. For a single-band system, spectroscopic measurements and beam profiles are presented. The frequency is tuned by direct voltage-frequency tuning and by a fractional-n PLL, respectively. The spectroscopic system includes a folded gas absorption cell with gas pre-concentration abilities demonstrating the detection of a 50 ppm mixture of ethanol in ambient air corresponding to a minimum detectable concentration of 260 ppb. Finally, the design of a 3-band system covering frequencies from 225 to 273 GHz is introduced.
Certain commutativity criteria for rings with involution involving generalized derivations
Authors: Nejjar Badr , Kacha Ali , Mamouni Abdellah , Oukhtite Lahcen
Published: March 2018

In this article we investigate some commutativity criteria for a ring with involution

(
R
,
∗

{(R,\ast}

) in which generalized derivations satisfy certain algebraic identities. Moreover, we provide examples to show that the assumed restriction cannot be relaxed.
Spherical posets from commuting elements
Authors: Okay Cihan
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we study the homotopy type of the partially ordered set of left cosets of abelian subgroups in an extraspecial p-group. We prove that the universal cover of its nerve is homotopy equivalent to a wedge of r-spheres where

2
⁢
r

≥
4

{2r\geq 4}

is the rank of its Frattini quotient. This determines the homotopy type of the universal cover of the classifying space of transitionally commutative bundles as introduced in [2].
On an inverse spectral problem for one integro-differential operator of fractional order
Authors: Ignatiev Mikhail
Published: March 2018

An inverse spectral problem for some integro-differential operator of fractional order

α
∈

(
1
,
2
)

{\alpha\in(1,2)}

is studied. We show that the specification of the spectrum together with a certain a priori information about the structure of the operator determines such operator uniquely. The proof is constructive and provides a procedure for solving the inverse problem.
Anti-Müllerian Hormone as a Diagnostic Marker in Egyptian Infertile Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Females: Correlations with Vitamin D, Total Testosterone, Dyslipidemia and Anthropometric Parameters
Authors: Bakeer Engy , Radwan Rasha , El Mandoury Ahmed , El Rahman Abdullah Abd , Gad Mohamed , El Maksoud Sahar Abd
Published: March 2018

Background:Recent studies have highlighted the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in numerous ovarian disorders. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the major causes of infertility in Egypt. Several reports have linked PCOS with vitamin D deficiency. This investigation illustrates the possibility of using serum AMH for PCOS diagnosis in infertile Egyptian females, determines the variables affecting it and correlates it with serum 25(OH)D, testosterone, dyslipidemia and anthropometric parameters.

Methods:All parameters were assessed either with ELISA or colorimetrically in 53 infertile PCOS women and 17 age matched apparently healthy controls diagnosed according to Rotterdam consensus.

Results:Serum AMH, total testosterone, triacylglycerol (TG) levels and BMI were significantly higher in PCOS group compared to healthy controls (p=0.0239, p=0.0381, p=0.0457, and p=0.0067, respectively), while serum 25(OH)D levels and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly lower (p=0.0397 and p=0.0443, respectively). No significant correlation existed between AMH and 25(OH) D, BMI and dyslipidemia markers. AMH was found to have a significant negative correlation with age and a highly significant positive one with total testosterone in PCOS group (r=-0.303, p=0.027 and r=0.370, p=0.008, respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic curve of AMH, the cut-off value was 42.63 pmol/L with a specificity of 59% and a sensitivity of 82%. Multivariate regression analysis showed total testosterone to be the only determinant for AMH (β=0.381 and p=0.038).

Conclusions:There should be a future trend of using AMH as a diagnostic marker for PCOS in Egyptian females. The variation in serum AMH levels is determined by total testosterone.
Platelet-rich plasma protects HUVECs against oX-LDL-induced injury
Authors: Wang Yang , Wang Jinsong , Li Yonghui , Wang Shenming , Zhu Xiaonan
Published: March 2018

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains a variety of cytokines, some of which ameliorate oX-LDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein)-induced endothelial cell (EC) injury. Therefore, we hypothesized that PRP might alleviate oX-LDL-induced injury.

Methodology

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were divided into four groups: a PPP (platelet-poor plasma) group, an oX-LDL group, an oX-LDL+PRP group and a PRP group. CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit) assay, Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD and Hochest 33342 staining were performed to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis. Tube formation and cell migration assays were performed to evaluate HUVEC-mediated vasculogenesis and migration. Expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, PI3K, Akt, eNOS p-Akt, p-eNOS, IL-6 and IL-1 were detected by western blotting or immunofluorescence.

Principal findings

PRP promoted HUVEC proliferation in a non-linear pattern, protected HUVECs against oX-LDL-induced apoptosis and attenuated oX-LDL-mediated inhibition of HUVEC migration and vasculogenesis. Additionally, compared to the PPP group, PRP downregulated pro-apoptotic proteins (ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3) as well as IL-6 and IL-1. Moreover, the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway was activated by PRP and inactivated by oX-LDL.

Conclusions

It was demonstrated that PRP protected HUVECs against oX-LDL-induced injury and that the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway was activated in this process.
Small-cell lung cancer presenting as fatal pulmonary hemorrhage
Authors: Lim Jun Hyeok , Ryu Jeong-Seon , Cho Sang Yong , Kim Hyun-Jung , Jeon Sang Hoon , Kim Jung Soo , Nam Hae-Seong , Cho Jae Hwa , Kwak Seung Min , Lee Hong Lyeol
Published: March 2018

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a lung cancer histological subtype unusual in its favorable response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Life-threatening manifestations at presentation are rarely reported and should be an important clinical concern. We report a case of a 63-year-old man presenting with rapid-onset refractory severe thrombocytopenia, development of massive hemoptysis, and death from respiratory failure. This case provides clinicians a reference for this unusual presentation and carries clinical implications for managing SCLC patients.
Aesthetic dental procedures: legal and medico-legal implications
Authors: Di Lorenzo Pierpaolo , Casella Claudia , Capasso Emanuele , Delbon Paola , Fedeli Piergiorgio , Policino Fabio , Niola Massimo
Published: March 2018

Dental treatments, as well as simple anatomical and functional repair work, can also be for aesthetic purposes. This is because the anatomical area concerned, i.e. the oral cavity, has a great power of attraction. Aesthetic treatments in general – in particular dental treatments – have been on the rise in recent years, and this has also meant an increase in claims due to patient dissatisfaction with the results obtained. Numerous laws have been introduced that emphasise the need for comprehensive prior information in order to acquire valid consent. This has resulted in the elimination of the distinction between the obligation of means and obligation of result, with achievement of the normally expected result required in any case.