bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Securing Digital Zakat Transactions from Fraud in a Smart Society: Legal Insights and Recommendations
Authors: Hamsin Muhammad Khaeruddin , Halim Abdul , Anggriawan Rizaldy
Published: November 2024

Zakat, a fundamental pillar of Islam, serves as a crucial mechanism for wealth redistribution and social justice. In Indonesia, with an estimated annual potential of IDR 327 trillion in 2020, the digitalization of zakat payments has become integral to a smart society. However, the convenience of digital zakat transactions has given rise to concerns about fraudulent activities posing as legitimate charities. This study addresses these challenges by investigating factors contributing to digital zakat fraud in Indonesia. Focusing on limited regulation, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, and the exploitation of religious trust, the research employs a mixedmethods approach. The study uncovers gaps in regulatory frameworks, emphasizing the need for revisions to safeguard personal data within a smart society context. It explores cybersecurity vulnerabilities associated with online platforms, examining their potential impact on data breaches and financial losses. The study delves into the exploitation of religious trust, offering actionable recommendations for regulatory enhancements, cybersecurity measures, and public awareness initiatives. The research advocates for a holistic approach, combining legal reforms, robust cybersecurity, and community education to ensure the integrity of digital zakat transactions, foster trust, and uphold the impact of charitable contributions in the evolving digital zakat ecosystem within a smart society framework.
Digitalization and Economic Growth in Indonesia: Insights from Short and Long-Run Perspective
Authors: Valeriani Devi , Sah Tomi
Published: November 2024

Information and communication technology (ICT) play a pivotal role in driving economic growth and development in current digital era. By analyzing data spanning from 1994 to 2022, this study investigates the relationship between digitalization indicators, including internet users, mobile cellular subscriptions, foreign direct investment (FDI), and population growth on economic growth in Indonesia. The findings reveal nuanced dynamics, with a contrasting effect observed in the long and short run for each variable. In the long run, internet users, FDI, and population growth demonstrate positive impacts on economic growth, reflecting their role in fostering productivity, innovation, market expansion, and resource allocation. Conversely, mobile cellular subscriptions exhibit negative effects on economic growth. In the short run, all variables exhibit negative effect on economic growth, where temporary fluctuations in economic performance are observed in response to changes in digitalization indicators, emphasizing the importance of considering both short-term disruptions and long-term trends in economic analysis. The study highlights the complex interplay between digitalization and economic growth, offering insights for policymakers, businesses, and researchers seeking to navigate the digital economy landscape in Indonesia.
Analyzing Efficiency of Coffee Agribusiness in Malang: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach
Authors: Abbas Muhammad Hasyim Ibnu , Sumarsono Hadi , Sumanto Agus , Yunikawati Nur Anita
Published: November 2024

The Malang Regency holds significant potential for the advancement of coffee plantations as a leading commodity. The Dampit District has emerged as the top district in coffee production, producing 2,280.30 tons. The aim of this research is to assess the technical effectiveness of the robusta coffee sector in the Dampit District of Malang, Indonesia. The approach employed in this research to achieve its aims is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Technical efficiency is evaluated to measure the productivity of robusta coffee farms located in the Dampit District of Malang Regency. The results of the research suggest that there exists a particular region with a relatively efficient score of 1. This region acts as a standard by which other regions can be evaluated. We engaged 10 groups of farmers, referred to as DMUs (Decision Making Units) in the DEA method. Based on the results of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), it is clear that the robusta coffee plantations in Dampit District, Malang Regency, have not achieved optimal levels of efficiency in their operations. The use of different input variables, such as land area, tree quantity, and fertilizer volume, has resulted in less-than-optimal results.
Analyzing determinants of economic growth on agricultural sector in Indonesia
Authors: Bagus Wiranatakusuma Dimas , Fairuztama Rafif , Aprizal Anggi
Published: November 2024

Despite the crucial role of agriculture in safeguarding Indonesia’s economy, some attention has given to the nation’s agricultural development, banking dynamics, and macroeconomic landscape pre- and post-COVID-19 era. This study employs quarterly data spanning from 2010 to 2021, using multiple Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression techniques to analyse various variables. Key variables examined include the growth of agriculture’s GDP shares over total GDP (GGDPRGDPT), agriculture’s financing and total time deposits in Islamic banks (GFinPDT), Islamic banks’ margin in agriculture (MARGIN), agriculture’s financing and GDP in agriculture (GCPGDPP), inflation, and food prices. The findings underscore the imperative for Indonesia’s agriculture sector to embark on a transformative journey toward enhanced productivity. Moreover, sustained support from the banking sector is considered essential for fostering financial deepening, causing a higher allocation of deposited funds towards agricultural financing. Amidst pandemics and crises, the resilience of Indonesia’s agriculture sector is underscored by the indispensability of its products. However, collaborative efforts between farmers and financial institutions are called for, alongside proactive measures by banks to channel deposited funds into agricultural financing instruments. The sustainable growth of Indonesia’s agricultural sector hinges upon robust macroeconomic conditions, effective management practices, and unwavering support from the banking sector.
Techno-economic analysis of sea cucumber tortilla chips in Madurese, Indonesia
Authors: Komariyah Kokom , Dian Perwatasari Dayu , Budiyanto Budiyanto , Puspantari Widya , Tjokrokusumo Donowati , Natharina Prasetyani Lully , Untoro Miarto , Luthfiana Rohmah
Published: November 2024

Fortified sea cucumber tortilla chips aim not only to diversify their utilization but also to address pressing sustainability issues related to local resource management and environmental impact. This study assesses the feasibility and sustainability of producing sea cucumber-based tortilla chips in Madurese, Indonesia. The research focuses on promoting sustainable production practices by evaluating the energy consumption, resource efficiency, and environmental footprint of the entire production process. The techno-economic analysis covers the production process, considering factors like processing technologies, market demand, resource availability, and environmental impact. The electrical power demand for the plant is delineated as 138.86 kW per batch for primary operations. The project also explores potential economic benefits for local communities by promoting the use of local resources, supporting rural development, and contributing to long-term sustainability. Results show an NPV of IDR 694,159,220 at an 18% interest rate, an IRR of 27.44% exceeding the prevailing rate, and a net B/C ratio greater than 1.43. The calculated PBP is 3.56 years, with a BEP of 9,611 packs annually. Integrating this innovative product into the market could diversify the local economy, reduce environmental strain, and enhance socio-economic well-being in Madurese, Indonesia.
Organic and Conventional Rice Farming Feasibility in Central Java, Indonesia: A Resources Productivity Approach
Authors: Triyono  , Laraswati Heni , Fauzi Kamarudin Mohd
Published: November 2024

Organic farming for sustainable agriculture still needs proof and various efforts in achievement. The research objective was comparing the income and profits of organic rice and rice conventions and to determine the feasibility of organic rice farming and rice conventions in Karanganyar District, Kebumen Regency, Central Java. The data used are primary data of rice farming data in two season planting. Sampling in this study used the census method in which all members of the population were used as respondents, namely as many as 25 organic farmers and proportional random sampling where the respondents were equalized as many as 25 conventional farmers. The results showed that: 1) Organic rice farming has higher income and profits when compared to conventional income and profits. 2) Based on the feasibility analysis of organic rice farming, it is more feasible than conventional rice, which can be seen from the ratio of R/C, land productivity, capital productivity, labor productivity. The farmers should run the rice organic farm to increase their income and sustainable agriculture.
Farmer Behavior on the Risk of Garlic Farming on the Slopes of Mount Lawu, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java
Authors: Sriyadi
Published: November 2024

Garlic farming is faced with various risks, such as production failure and price fluctuations, which affect farmers’ behavior in dealing with these uncertainties. Generally, farmers tend to be reluctant to take risks with these potential risks. Socio-economic factors impact the risk-taking farmers behavior. This research aims to (1) identify the financial risks associated with garlic cultivation, (2) analyze farmers’ behavior to these risks, and (3) examine the socioeconomic factors that influence farmers’ behavior to the risk of garlic cultivation. The study was conducted in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. A coefficient of variation was used to analyze the degree of risk associated with farming income. Quadratic utility functions were employed to analyze farmers’ behavior in response to risk. Multiple linear regression was applied to examine socioeconomic factors that affect farmers’ behavior regarding farming risks. The results showed that most farmers were reluctant with garlic risk farming, The land size, farmers’ age, and the number failures all contribute to aversion to risk. Farmers with higher levels of education, greater experience in garlic cultivation, larger household sizes, and higher farming incomes tend to be less risk averse. The availability of information on planting time will provide greater benefits.
Household Welfare of Rice-fish Farmers: An Income-Expenditure Ratio Approach
Authors: Triyono  , Berliani Arifianikmah Ayu
Published: November 2024

The increase in agricultural land conversion activities can cause a decrease in rice productivity, while food demand is increasing. One of the alternatives that can be sought is land intensification through the rice-fish farming system. This study aims to determine the household income of farmers, household expenditures of farmers, and the welfare of households of rice mina farmers. The research was carried out in Candibinangun Village, which was determined by purposive, with a sample of 35 respondents taken by census. The analysis technique used is welfare analysis using the Good Service Ratio and the Farmer Household Income Exchange Rate, namely the household income-expenditure ratio. The results of the study show that the household income of rice-fish farmers, which is IDR 31,134,079, is greater than the household expenditure of farmers, which is IDR 22,078,686. With the contribution of mina rice farming to household income is 20.34%. Rice-fish farmer households in Candibinangun Village are categorized as prosperous based on welfare analysis using Good Service Ratio and FHIER. With a welfare value based on the Good Service Ratio of 0.98 and a welfare value based on the Farmer Household Income Exchange Rate of 1.41. However, these welfare indicators can be achieved by the contribution of income from activities outside the agricultural sector.
Strategy for Development of Sustainable Organic Rice Farming: Case Study at Organic Farmers’ Association “GATOS” Magelang Regency, Central Java
Authors: Istiyanti Eni , Ihsan Santoso Maulana
Published: November 2024

The demand for organic rice has increased over time. This situation is driven by a sense of security for consumers of organic rice because there is no chemical residue. However, consumer demand has not been able to be met by the Sawangan Organic Farmers Association because of limited land for organic cultivation. The research aims to formulate a strategy for developing sustainable organic rice farming based on internal and external factors. This research was conducted in Sawangan Organic Farmers Association with the consideration was the pioneer of organic rice farmer groups in Central Java, and already had an organic certificate. Respondents were 25 stake holders who had information and experience for the development of organic rice farming including farmer group administrators, people in charge of organic rice production and post-harvest fields, chairman, Agricultural Extension Center, Agricultural Office of Magelang Regency, consumers of organic rice products chosen purposively. The stages in formulating a strategy for developing organic rice farming are data collection stages: IFE and EFE; data analysis stages: SWOT and decision-making stages: QSPM. The results showed that the priority strategy for the development of organic rice farming partnering with restaurants, hotels or hospitals in Magelang Regency and campaigning to the community about the benefits and importance of organic rice certification
Feasibility Analysis of Garlic Farming Business and Income Contribution in Magelang Regency
Authors: Aulia Shabila Riany , Imanuddin Muhamad , Nur Fajri Wahid , Widyastuti Winda
Published: November 2024

Garlic is an agricultural commodity with benefits as a kitchen spice and traditional medicine. Garlic is a horticultural commodity that plays an important role in Indonesia’s maintaining the economy and national food security. Garlic cultivation is rare in Indonesia. Only three garlic centers exist in Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara, and West Sumatra. One of the garlic centers in Central Java is in Magelang Regency. However, garlic production in the Regency has decreased from 2013 to 2017. The government is trying to achieve self-sufficiency of garlic to increase garlic production. This caused researchers to research garlic businesses and their contribution to farmers’ income. The resulting analysis can help the government create policy programs to support increased garlic production and support farmers in continuing to carry out garlic farming sustainably. The study results showed that the average farmer income was IDR 35,411,324 per hectare with an income of IDR 88,232,387 per hectare. The contribution of garlic farming to farmers’ income is 47.63 percent, which is included in the moderate category
Silkworm Development Strategy in Pasuruan, East Java
Authors: Rahmawati Nur , Nurkomar Ihsan , Dhiyaa Ulhaq Akmal
Published: November 2024

Pasuruhan, East Java is one of the areas where there are farmers who cultivate silkworms of Samia cynthia ricini, in the cultivation process, farmers are affiliated with a company, namely CV Karya Usaha Petani Unggul (CV KUPU) Sutra. This company carries out silk production activities from upstream to downstream. The determination of the respondents was carried out by purposive or deliberate means. The number of respondents in this study was 16 people consisting of seed providers and feed providers, cultivators, spinners, weavers, batik, shoe craftsmen, knitting craftsmen and marketers. The analysis technique to determine the development strategy is to use the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). The result shows the priority development strategy for CV Kupu Sutra is to increase cooperation with new partners as buyers of silk products. While the alternative strategy applied by CV Kupu Sutra is to maximize the performance of employees who produce yarn.
Heavy Metal Testing in Salted Fish and Its Relationship with Economic Value: Evidence from Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia
Authors: Christian Michael , Yulita Henilia , Gularso Kurnadi , Wibowo Suryo , Sunarno
Published: November 2024

This study is founded on the assumption that food safety must be ensured in all food products, including salted fish, particularly in terms of heavy metal levels. Salted fish, which poses considerable hazards to food safety during processing, is an attractive issue for investigation, especially when seen through the lens of economic value, which has not been well addressed in prior studies. This study used both experimental methods and literature reviews to examine the heavy metal content of raw salted fish and its link to economic value from the perspectives of both business actors and customers. This study utilized laboratory testing using the 18-13-14/MU/SMM-SIG (ICP MS) methodology. The factors examined in this study were arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, and tin. The analysed samples were raw salted fish from a fish salting company in Kali Baru Cilincing, North Jakarta. This study examines these findings in terms of economic value, combining methodologies from various earlier studies. The findings show that all measures of heavy metal level in raw salted fish examined were still within the required limits. This is an essential economic determinant, as is the selling value of salted fish produced by small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Physical and Phytochemical Properties of Coconut Shell Liquid Smoke: Antibacterial and Antioxidant Alternative
Authors: Harimurti Sabtanti , Fitrianingsih Rakhma , Eko Wibowo Andy , Widada Hari , Sukamta
Published: November 2024

Coconut shell liquid smoke originates from smoke condensation by the decomposition of organic compounds in pyrolysis. The pyrolysis yield of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin compounds produce organic acid, phenols, and carbonyls, playing the preservation and antioxidant roles. This research aims to determine the physical properties and chemical compounds contained in coconut shell liquid smoke, antioxidant activity (IC50), and antibacterial activity. The organoleptic observation was performed to identify the physical properties. Meanwhile, phytochemical screening and GCMS were utilized to determine the chemical content. The DPPH method was adopted to ascertain the IC50, with quercetin as the standard. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using E. coli and the paper disc method, at varying concentration from 40 to 200 mg mL-1. The positive control utilized 10 mg mL-1 amoxicillin, while the negative control employed sterile distilled water. The physical observations unveiled that it was a yellow liquid with a distinctive smell. The phytochemical analysis revealed positive saponins and flavonoids. The GCMS analysis disclosed the dominance of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity exhibited an IC50 of 87.40 mg mL-1, categorized as a potent antioxidant. In comparison, the quercetin generated an IC50 of 12.7 mg mL-1, falling into a very strong antioxidant.
Empowering Rural Communities Through Pambiwara: Bridging Local Wisdom and Tourism in the Lens of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Authors: Hilmi Pujihartati Sri , Wijaya Mahendra , Marimin  , Sudarsana
Published: November 2024

The cultural environment of rural Java is characterized by the presence of the Pambiwara tradition, which holds significant importance in Javanese wedding oratory. This tradition is notable for its deep influence on community empowerment and its intricate relationship with the agriculture sector. The objective of this study is to investigate the substantial impact of wedding oratory on the strengthening of cultural identity and social cohesion in rural communities. Additionally, it recognizes the secondary influence of wedding oratory on local agribusiness by promoting cultural tourism. This study aims to shed light on the diverse contributions of wedding oratory by utilizing a qualitative methodology that combines in-depth interviews with experienced Pambiwara practitioners at Sanggar Permadani and participant observations. The research findings indicate that Pambiwara, in addition to its ceremonial importance, has an indirect positive impact on rural economies by enhancing the appeal of these areas to tourists. The augmentation of local tourism yields a nuanced yet significant stimulus to agribusiness through the generation of heightened demand for indigenous goods and gastronomic encounters.
Kawi Pilgrimage Tourism for Sustainable Rural Development
Authors: Yunika Puspasari Emma , Haslinda Noor
Published: November 2024

Gunung Kawi tourism has won the title amidst public interest in pilgrim tourism. Even though Gunung Kawi has a strong presence in the pilgrim tourism sector, it has not been able to provide relevance for nature management and community economic development. This research aims to critically examine the development of pilgrimage tourism in Gunung Kawi Village, Wonosari, Malang, which is known as an important spiritual destination. By using a qualitative approach and intrinsic case studies, it shows that pilgrimage tourism in Gunung Kawi has deep cultural and historical significance, contributes to the local economy, but also faces various challenges. Culturally, the place maintains its traditional heritage with annual rituals and community practices that attract pilgrims from various regions. Economically, pilgrimage tourism brings financial benefits to local residents through increasing businesses such as accommodation, culinary delights and souvenir sales. However, there are various issues related to Kawi tourism that involve cultural, social, and ethical aspects. Here are some of the issues that have emerged and ideas for reform that may be relevant, Negative Image and Potential for Abuse, Uncontrolled Ritual Practices, Uneven Economic Impacts, Environmental DamageOther challenges include environmental isuesdue to increased tourist activity, cultural erosion due to commercialization, and limited infrastructure. hindering the tourist experience as well as growth potential.
Formulating Innovative Policies for Advancing Gender Equality in Rural Development: A Focus on the Indonesian Agriculture Sector
Authors: Azizah Nur , Maksum Ali , Bin Jafar Adi , Zaqiah Julianisa Nurhadini
Published: November 2024

Gender inequality is not only a crucial issue at the global level, but also at the national and village levels. The position of the Village is very crucial because the Village is the lowest government institution that is directly in contact with the community, so the village is the key success of development. There has been a lot of research and publications related to policies aimed at realizing gender equality at the global and national level, but very little has been discussed at the village level, especially in Indonesia. This article is expected to fill this gap and aims to develop policy innovations to realize gender equality in Indonesia’s Rural Development. This research uses qualitative methods, with primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through observation, the author's participation in village women’s activities, and interviews with village administrators. Secondary data was obtained by reviewing reputable journals and official Indonesian government documents. The findings of this research indicate that opportunities to create policy innovations at the village level are increasingly open with the passing of Law no. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages which encourages women’s participation in rural development and the disbursement of village funds. This innovation was continued with the launch of Village SDGs in 2020 and Women-Friendly and Child-Care Villages (DRPPA) in 2022.
Trash Hero Yogyakarta Community Campaign Strategy in Education of The Community Through the Environmental Care Movement in The City of Yogyakarta
Authors: Mulawarman Krisna , Rosilawati Yeni , Rafique Zain , Iqbal Khatami Muhammad
Published: November 2024

The waste management system remains a challenge in various countries around the world. In Indonesia, a country with a population of 275.77 million people, waste management is also a significant concern. Since the closure of the Piyungan landfill, Yogyakarta has been experiencing a waste emergency, exacerbated by minimal public environmental awareness. Trash Hero is a non-profit organization striving to combat waste through the awareness of its members. This study aims to determine the campaign strategies employed by the Trash Hero Yogyakarta community in promoting environmental care in Yogyakarta City. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta City, involving five research informants selected using a purposive sampling technique. These informants included the Chairperson of Trash Hero (1 person), Trash Hero management (2 people), and 2 community figures. Data sources for this research included both primary and secondary data. Data collection methods comprised in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. One of the routine agendas carried out by Trash Hero Jogjakarta is the clean-up agenda. Namely the agenda for cleaning up rubbish as well as campaigning for rubbish and environmental issues. Trash Hero also carries out campaigns related to awareness about throwing rubbish in the right place.
Growth in The Various Ecotypes from Vetiver Plant at Different Salinity Levels
Authors: Novita Aisar , Aziz Mahmud Siregar Luthfi , Rosmayati  , Rahmawati Nini
Published: November 2024

The vetiver plants were appertained to the Gramineae family, densely clumped. The ecotypes from plants were distinct a pattern besides at environmental situation in geographical areas of the variety. In this study, we were determined to growth to various ecotypes of vetiver at different salinity levels. This research was used a factor complete random design in two (2) factors. Then, the first factor included salinity (S) which consists of 6 levels (: So: without salinity, S1: saline soil 4 dsm-1, S2: saline soil 8 dsm-1, S3: saline soil 12 dsm-1, S4: soil copy 16 dsm-1, S5: soil saline 20 dsm-1). The second factor was the Ecotype (E) which consists of 3 levels (E1: Bogor Ecotype, E2: Bojonegoro Ecotype, E3: Padang Ecotype). Results were found that the vetiver ecotype has a significant role on the various levels from salinity in the observations of plant height at 6 WAP, number of leaves at 6 WAP and number of tillers at 8 WAP. Thus, this study obtained vetiver ecotypes that were able to survive at several levels of salinity stress.
Integrated Spatial Concept Based on Harmony in Nature for Sustainable Agriculture in Wetlands of Central Kalimantan
Authors: Bhermana Andy , Amelia Vera , Sinaga Soaloon
Published: November 2024

The wetlands of Central Kalimantan that cover approximately 3,721,122 hectares or 24.08% of total region has the potency of land resource to support agricultural development. This study was then conducted to develop the concept of integrated spatial as framework of land use planning for sustainable agricultural systems while still preserving the agroecosystem to be safe and profitable ecologically. The land evaluation approach and GIS technology were applied to determine and identify the land suitability of specific groups of crops as agricultural system. Spatially, land use allocation for food crops, estate crops and forestry are 604,427 hectares (16.24%), 1,159,682 hectares (31.16%), and 1,957,013 hectares (52.59%) respectively. This concept can then be used as a basic consideration to propose land use policy and land management specific to location in order to develop sustainable agriculture in Central Kalimantan wetlands.
The role of urban agriculture in facing the food crisis
Authors: Zulkarnaen Iskandar , Puji Lestari Indarti , Amisnaipa  , Sugiartini Emi , Oktivian Indri Hastuti Catur , Saleh Yopi , Muharam Agus
Published: November 2024

Urban agriculture has a role in dealing with climate change, one of the factors causing the food crisis that has begun to be felt by most of the world’s people, including Indonesia. The role of urban agriculture is considered to be able to provide food for urban and suburban/peri-urban communities through urban agricultural technology innovations that have developed in the community. This paper aims to provide an overview of the development of urban agriculture in Jakarta, Indonesia, as well as the prospects of urban agricultural development in Indonesia. The article discusses some technologies developed to support urban agriculture, including hydroponic technology, vertical farming, aquaponics, wall gardens, vertiminaponics, foot-square, and container gardening. Urban agricultural technology that has been widely developed is also supported by advanced technology, like the cultivation of hydroponic systems based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Managing organic waste from agricultural products and other urban waste is very supportive in overcoming the shortage of much-needed fertilizer. Organic waste management supports circular economic activities with the five principles of refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle, and recovery. From this principle, waste generated from economic activities will always return to feedback and become raw material for other activities.
Behavioral intention to use biopesticides among rice farmers in Indonesia
Authors: Istriningsih  , Sumarwan Ujang , Hartoyo  , Suharjo Budi
Published: November 2024

The adoption rates of biopesticides by Indonesian farmers are still low, despite their benefits to the environment. The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of non-user rice farmers’ intentions to utilize biopesticide products, based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT 2). It focuses on the variables that influence their intention to use biopesticides. A modified UTAUT 2 model was applied, incorporating five key variables: performance expectancy, followed by effort expectancy, along with social influence, in addition to facilitating conditions, and finally price value. Data were collected from 400 rice farmers in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to analyze the data. The results show that all five variables influence non-user rice farmers’ intentions to use biopesticides. In addition, the UTAUT 2 model explained 39% of the variance in intention. Practical recommendations include enhancing farmer training, promoting peer recommendations, and developing pricing strategies to improve the perceived value of biopesticides.
Triple modification onto arrowroot starch production and its functional properties alterations
Authors: Widaningrum  , Maryam Astuti Rizki , Asiah Nurul , Fitriawati Riska , Setyowati Ade
Published: November 2024

The aim of this research was to obtain information about resistant starch (RS) content on modified arrowroot starch (AS) and its functional properties as a consequence of modification to meet suitable application in the food industry. Two treatments were used to increase RS content in the AS i.e. through branched chain cutting of AS using pullulanase enzyme with certain concentration (1.3 U/g or 10.4 U/g of AS) followed by autoclaving (heating)-cooling (AC) process, and combination of these treatments with acid hydrolysis (AH). Results show that the modification process significantly (p<0.05) influenced solubility, swelling power, water holding capacity (WHC), freeze-thaw stability, and color of AS pasta, but not RS content. Nevertheless, the modification process can change the gel strength and viscosity of the arrowroot RS. It had lower viscosity than the control model, making it may be applied to food products that have low viscosity.
The Drive Behind Clove Farmers: Sustaining Clove Farming in Ngiliran Village, Panekan District, Magetan
Authors: Rozaki Zuhud , Riswana Ferari Deninta , Indardi  , Ardila Riska Aula , Tjale Malose Moses
Published: November 2024

Clove is a high-potential plantation commodity widely demanded by European countries as a spice. Most residents of Ngiliran Village, Panekan Subdistrict, Magetan Regency, have been cultivating cloves since 1970. However, clove prices have continuously fluctuated, necessitating research into farmers’ motivation to maintain clove farming. This study aims to analyze the drive that makes farmers continue to do clove farming in Ngiliran Village. 35 active clove farmers were randomly interviewed. The research method employed was descriptive with a quantitative approach. Data analysis techniques included the Rank Spearman correlation analysis. The analysis results indicate that farmers’ motivation to maintain clove farming is to meet physiological needs such as clothing, food, shelter, investment, and savings for old age. The Rank Spearman correlation analysis shows that internal factors, including primary occupation, secondary occupation, income, and number of family dependents, have a significant relationship with physiological needs. Additionally, the external factor of marketing significantly correlates with farmers’ physiological needs.
Characterization and Development of High-Strength and High-Performance Concrete Incorporating Mineral and Chemical Admixtures - A Review
Authors: Divahar R. , Naveen Kumar K. , Sangeetha S.P.
Published: November 2024

In this review, the performance characteristic and development of eco-friendly high- strength and high- durable concrete incorporating Alccofine and metakaolin in binary and ternary system of mix are discussed. Current growths in the field of high- strength and high- durable concrete (HDC) marked a massive leap towards the improved durability, high modulus of elasticity and a superior compressive strength in the advanced building materials, particularly for industrial applications is likely to vary and hence the identification of HPC will vary based on w/c ratio, strength, and durability characteristics. Nowadays, HPC employs blended cements that incorporating mineral admixtures like metakaolin and Alccofine. In distinctive cases, Metakaolin and Alccofine contents would exceed the total cement by 15 %. Metakaolin, having virtuous pozzolanic properties and Alccofine, a larger value of explicit surface area with prior delay in failure of concrete gaining materials is mixed to progress the workability, load resistance and durability by the development of C-S-H bond which reduces the porosity, and increased resistance to chemical attack. The mechanical and durability properties of eco-friendly high-strength and high- durable concrete including mineral admixtures like metakaolin and Alccofine are discussed.
Performance Prediction of Eco-Friendly Concrete with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
Authors: Kushal Bheemshetty , Goud Khanapuram Anand , Kumar Kodcherwar Akshay , Mohan U. Vamsi
Published: November 2024

Concrete is renowned for its durability and versatility in construction, making it essential for global infrastructure development. Its extensive use contributes significantly to carbon emissions and environmental harm. In response, eco-friendly concrete has developed as a viable option, including elements such as Alccofine and Graphene oxide to improve performance while lowering environmental effect. In this study Alccofine, which accounts for 10% of the mix, replaces a portion of the Ordinary Portland cement with a supplemental substance obtained from industrial slag, minimizing the concrete's carbon footprint. Graphene oxide, at 0.045%, improves mechanical strength potentially increasing the concrete's lifespan and lowering maintenance requirements when compared to typical mixes. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) serve as a reliable way for properly estimating the compressive strength of environmentally friendly concrete. By training ANNs on 80% of the datasets containing composition variables, curing conditions, and other important parameters, the models capture complicated, complex relationships and was tested on the remaining 20% to forecast compressive strength with minimal error. The Decision Tree Regressor scored a training precision of 0.4679 and a testing precision of 0.2955, while the Random Forest Regressor scored a training precision of 0.4592 and a testing precision of 0.3010. Based on these findings, The Random Forest Regressor's higher accuracy in prediction establishes it as the more effective model for this purpose. According to the results, the ANN can effectively learn and recognise patterns to forecasting the compressive strength of environmentally friendly concrete. This demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques to optimize environmentally friendly concrete mixtures and propel advancements in concrete technology.
Water quality prediction using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Sharma Astha , Sharma Richa , Rana Rishi , Kalia Anshul
Published: November 2024

The quality of water is a vital determinant of environmental sustainability, economic development, and general welfare. India has substantial water quality issues, with different areas facing varying levels of pollution. Industrial effluents introduce toxic chemicals and heavy metals into water bodies, while agricultural runoff carries pesticides, fertilizers, and sediments, causing eutrophication and water pollution. The Ganges, Yamuna, and Godavari rivers have elevated amounts of pollution. According to the Central Pollution Control Board, the levels of biochemical oxygen demand, which is a measure of organic pollution, often above the acceptable thresholds in many sections of these rivers. Conventional techniques for monitoring water quality are often arduous, time-consuming, and incapable of delivering real- time evaluations. The objective of this study is to create a precise classification model that can accurately forecast water quality by using a range of indicators. The aim is to use machine learning techniques, including decision trees, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Random Forest, to develop prediction models that can effectively assess water quality and identify possible pollution incidents before they become major issues. This research used a comprehensive dataset of water quality metrics, including pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, phosphates, and nitrates, to assess the accuracy of each algorithm in forecasting water potability. The Random Forest method attained a superior accuracy of 70.4%, successfully handling intricate interactions and mitigating overfitting by using ensemble learning. The KNN method, which achieved an accuracy of 59%, had challenges arising from its susceptibility to the selection of k and distance measures, as well as processing inefficiencies. The Decision Tree approach, despite its speed and interpretability, had the lowest accuracy of 58% mostly owing to overfitting, which impeded its ability to generalize. This study highlights the better performance of the Random Forest model in predicting water quality because of its ability to capture complex non-linear relationships, handle noisy data, and prevent overfitting by aggregating multiple decision trees.
Biogas Production for Sustainable Energy Generation using One Stage Portable Digestor
Authors: Thakur Manisha , Kumar Ashish , Kumar Sudhir
Published: November 2024

Biogas, produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic waste, is a sustainable and future-proof renewable energy source. The objective of this paper is to improve community service by installing affordable biogas digesters in Himachal Pradesh and nearby regions. As a community service, a number of portable biogas plants (above the ground) are installed in Himachal Pradesh and the nearby areas. The main aim of this was to familiarize and sensitize the people about energy production from waste and also for sustainability. The results from the various projects and experiments conducted at JUIT, Solan have proven to be a practical solution for generating biogas from food waste. The reactor's ability to operate with varying organic loading rates and its effective use with food waste as a source of energy (biogas) highlights its potential for developing sustainability.
Krankenhausreform und sektorenübergreifende Zusammenarbeit
Authors: Schillhorn Kerrin , Keese Lina
Published: November 2024

Die aktuelle Krankenhausreform sieht einige grundlegende Änderungen der
Krankenhausplanung und Krankenhausfinanzierung vor. Hierzu gehören auch Überlegungen zur
sektorenübergreifenden Zusammenarbeit. Zwar hat der Gesetzgeber seit Jahren immer wieder
Öffnungen der Sektorengrenze zwischen ambulant und stationär vorgesehen; diese haben
bisher jedoch nicht zu einer sinnvollen Verzahnung der Sektoren geführt. Mit der
grundlegenden Überarbeitung von AOP-Vereinbarung und AOP-Katalog wurde bereits ein
wichtiger Schritt zur sektorenübergreifenden Zusammenarbeit umgesetzt. Im Rahmen der
aktuellen Krankenhausreform ist mit der Einführung der Hybrid-DRG (§ 115f SGB V) ein
weiterer wichtiger Baustein zur Öffnung der Sektoren hinzugekommen. Mit der geplanten
sektorenübergreifenden Versorgung (Level Ii) hat die
Regierungskommission für eine moderne und bedarfsgerechte Krankenhausversorgung den
Impuls für eine Form der sektorengemeinsamen Erbringung medizinischer Leistungen
gesetzt, die nun in das geltende Recht überführt werden soll.
Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor of Tibia: A Challenging Diagnosis Rendered on Percutaneous Core Needle Biopsy
Authors: Hui Monalisa , Uppin Shantveer G. , Ramakrishna N. , Kumar B. Aravind , Rao K. Nageshwara , Anne Beatrice , Lakshmi Meher
Published: November 2024

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors produce excessive fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) leading to hypophosphatemia, phosphaturia, and osteomalacia. A 50-year-old male presented with pain and swelling over the anterior and medial aspect of the right leg. Imaging showed a lytic lesion in the right proximal tibia suggesting a possibility of metastasis. Though characteristic grungy calcification was not seen, a diagnosis of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor was suggested on core biopsy. Subsequent positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed additional fractures involving multiple sites. Further investigations showed elevated serum levels of FGF-23 and hypophosphatemia. Following excision of the tumor, phosphate levels were restored and his symptoms relieved. A diagnosis of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors should suspected in all cases of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. The morphology overlaps with other low-grade mesenchymal neoplasm and diagnostic difficulty enhances especially in absence of grungy calcification, as in this case. Restoration of the biochemical parameters to normal levels provide supportive evidence in establishing the diagnosis.
Examining the ionization reactions in water-vapor Hall thruster plasma
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: November 2024

A better understanding of the ionization process could lead to more efficient thrusters using cheaper, more abundant propellants.
Challenging the Bayesian confidence hypothesis in perceptual decision-making
Authors: Xue Kai , Shekhar Medha , Rahnev Dobromir
Published: November 2024

The Bayesian confidence hypothesis (BCH), which postulates that confidence reflects the posterior probability that a decision is correct, is currently the most prominent theory of confidence. Although several recent studies have found evidence against it in the context of relatively complex tasks, BCH remains dominant for simpler tasks. The major alternative to BCH is the confidence in raw evidence space (CRES) hypothesis, according to which confidence is based directly on the raw sensory evidence without explicit probability computations. Here, we tested these competing hypotheses in the context of perceptual tasks that are assumed to induce Gaussian evidence distributions. We show that providing information about task difficulty gives rise to a basic behavioral signature that distinguishes BCH from CRES models even for simple 2-choice tasks. We examined this signature in three experiments and found that all experiments exhibited behavioral signatures in line with CRES computations but contrary to BCH ones. We further performed an extensive comparison of 16 models that implemented either BCH or CRES confidence computations and systematically differed in their auxiliary assumptions. These model comparisons provided overwhelming support for the CRES models over their BCH counterparts across all model variants and across all three experiments. These observations challenge BCH and instead suggest that humans may make confidence judgments by placing criteria directly in the space of the sensory evidence.
Stable isotopic signature of dissimilatory nitrate reduction is robust against enzyme mutation
Authors: Asamoto Ciara K. , Ryu Yeongjun , Eckartt Kelly N. , Kelley-Kern Julia , Dietrich Lars E.P. , Sigman Daniel M. , Kopf Sebastian H.
Published: November 2024

The proportionality of oxygen-to-nitrogen isotope effects (
18
ε/
15
ε) is used as a key isotopic signature of nitrogen cycling processes in the environment. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction is observed to have an
18
ε/
15
ε proportionality of ~0.9 in marine and ~0.6 in freshwater/terrestrial ecosystems. The origins of this difference are uncertain, with both geochemical and biological factors conceivably at play. One potential factor is variation in the isotope effect of nitrate reduction among different forms of the nitrate reductase enzyme. NarG nitrate reductases are observed to typically have an
18
ε/
15
ε of ~0.9. However, a recent study uncovered an exception, with
Bacillus
NarG enzymes having an
18
ε/
15
ε proportionality of ~0.6. This provides an opportunity to investigate genetic controls on
18
ε/
15
ε. Furthermore, this atypical NarG signature also raises the question of whether intrinsic isotope signatures can evolve as the enzymes that produce them accumulate mutations through time. Here, we present data from site-directed mutagenesis experiments of key NarG residues, which suggest that the distinct
Bacillus
18
ε/
15
ε cannot be caused by single mutations alone and is potentially uncommon in nature. Variation in the intrinsic isotope effects of an enzyme through time may thus require more extensive evolutionary changes.
From offline to online stigma resistance
Authors: Alhalwachi Fatema , McEntee-Atalianis Lisa J.
Published: November 2024

This paper is the first to address the impact of gendered, cultural and religious discourses on an under-researched subaltern group of infertile Muslim women bloggers. Taking a small story and case study approach, the analysis focuses on interactivity and positioning (Bamberg & Georgakopoulou, 2008, Georgakopoulou, 2008) in one woman’s stories as she works hard to address normative expectations and dominant discourses which abound in Muslim societies. The paper highlights the stigmatisation and isolation women face, not only in the physical world, but sometimes in the online world too. We argue that Weblogs provide a unique and unexplored space where discourses of gender, sexual, and other identities are resisted and challenged. Simultaneously Weblogs can serve as both supportive and exclusionary sites in which bloggers’ rights and duties become regulated. The study opens a window into the world of infertile Muslim women and has important implications for relevant healthcare and policy making.