bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prawne problemy zaspokajania potrzeb mieszkaniowych w związku z zatrudnieniem w stosunku pracy
Authors: Kijowski Andrzej
Published: April 2023

The article is an analysis of law on housing relations which genetically and functionally ensue from employment relations. The point of referrence is provid by Aricles 16 and 94 point 8 of the legal code, where an enterprise is put under an obligation to show concern that material, welfare and cultural needs of its employees are met. In author’s opinion this general obligation also embraces an obligatory concern about hosuing needs, which has also been specified by numerous unstatutory regulations. Firstly, these are common rights of all employees of state enterprises, under which they are entitled о financial benefits from the so called housing fund of enterprise. These are collective rights enjoyed by all employees. It is only after the housing fund has been divided, with the representative organs of employees participating, that individual rights come about.On the second level of the specification of the general housing committment of an enterprise there are particular regulations related to the selected groups of employees. These numerous regulations differ in respect of their normative rank, the date of enactment, and provide for a number of housing claims of varying contents and legal nature. As a result of meticulous analysis the the author makes a distinction, into three basic types of claims. The first group embraces housing benefits which are incorporated into the employment relations (e.g. free housing allowances). The second one contains the construction, where employment relations only provide for a possibility to require the execution of a housing claim, whereas the exercise of the claim takes place under a separate privity, e.g. lease. The third group comprises claims ensuing from other relations (recognizance or authoritative) than the employment ones, though entered into in connection with the latter while being employed at an enterprise and under the decision of the latter or any other competent subject.At the end of his article the author critically assesses the excessive differentiation and dispersal of legal provisions on housing relations that ensue from employment, and postulates that a separate and uniform act be passed in this respect.
Zwalczanie drobnych kradzieży w polskim ustawodawstwie karnym oraz praktyce ścigania i orzecznictwa
Authors: Szumski Jerzy
Published: April 2023

The study is concerned with the fight against petty larcenies of public anid private property. The “petty’ larcenies embrace both privileged types of effences (article 199 § 2 and 203 § 2 of the penal code) and misdemeanors (article 199 § 1 and 2 of the code of misdemeamors). The study is of historical and comparative nature and tackles two mutually interconnected themes: the legislative and penal policy. Accordingly, the development of the legislation related to petty larcenies is traced back to the enactment of the penal code in 1932, then the new code of penal law passed in 1969, as well as the law on misdemeanors of 1971. Next, against the background of statistical data, the main trends of prosecution policy and jurisdiction are presented. The successive legislative measures that result in practical trends have been shown against the background of political-criminal concepts prevailing in respective periods and relating to the prosecution of minor economic offences. Of special concern are the concepts that emerged in the sixties and are still topical at present. They have found their legislative manifestation in, among thers, the requalification of certain minor offences, larcenies included, into misdemeanors (the Act of June 16„ 1966), the enrich ed catalogue of penalties that do not require isolation (the penal cod of 1969) and the grounds for their adjudication, finally, the introduction of a new penal measure — a conditional discontinuance of legal proceedings — which could be availed of by courts and prosecutors.The mentioned legislation resulted in specific situation, since penal policy towards petty larcenies (similarly to other acts qualified as misdemeanors, but which still have their counterparts in penal code but are different from the latter in respect of quantitative properties) is carried out by three organs independently: courts, bodies of citizens having jurisdiction over minor offences, and prosecutors.The above statutory. “model” of fighting petty larcenies results as testified by empirical research, in several, frequently negative phenomena both in prosecution and jurisdiction, and has been critically assessed in the final party of the study. The assessment has been made in normative, criminological and penal-political terms, moreover, some postulates of changes have been directed to the legislator and the organs of the administration of justice.
Ewolucja umów terminowych w prawie pracy i ich systematyka
Authors: Kasińska Halina
Published: April 2023

The concept of an employment relationship “limited in time” is known from the beginning of modern labour law. As a result of socioeconomic changes taking place in the XIX and XX-th centuries the role of such contracts also changed considerably as well as the scope of their application due to the evolution of the intended and practicly realized function of these employment contracts. Legal pro- visions concerning employment contracts “limited in time” were developed and their new kinds introduced varying as far as their socio- economic destination and some important elements of their legal characteristics are concerned.In this article evolution of legal provisions and of doctrinal opinions on em- ployment contracts “limited in time” in Poland between the First and Second World Wars and after the Second World War is presented. An attempt was made also to explain the very term “employment contract limited in time” and to specify the scope of its differentiation. Polish labour code knows various kinds of contr- acts belonging to this category: employment contracts concluded for a definite period, contracts for the period required to carry out a specific piece of work, employment contracts concluded for a trial period and for an initial period. Employment contracts “limited in time” are also regulated in several acts of more detailed character still maintained in force.Since the labour code gives a catalogue of different kinds of employment contracts it was necessary to consider whether this is a catalogue of a rigid character or not, in another words, whether statutory classification excludes or allows to combine in one employment contract various construction elements characteristic for separate kinds of employment contracts. This issue was discussed on the basis of article 18 of the labour code. Also, the freedom of contract as far as applicationof the provisions on employment contracts “limited in time” is concerned and the possibility to conclude such contracts for a long-term periods was presented.Discussion of the binding legal regulation allowed the Author to conclude that the term “employment contract limited in time” contains not one but several statu- tory concepts which in their essence constitute distinct legal institutions. A com- mon feature of these contracts is their limitation in time foreseen by the parties in advance. On the other hand, the differences concerne not only formal elements but also functions fulfilled by a specific kind of an employment contract “limited in time”.
Kontrola państwowa w europejskich państwach socjalistycznych
Authors: Sylwestrzak Andrzej
Published: April 2023

The article discusses present condition of the state control in the european socialist countries also taking into account the more general issues of the evolu- tion of this institution in the socialist constitutionalism. The research material was gathered into four main classification groups considering the position of the organs of control in the structure of state apparatus: a) the party and state control — now in the GDR; b) control situated near the central representative organs — now in Rumania, Bulgaria and the USSR; c) control functioning as a government department of state administration — now in Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland; d) control functioning in the form of a specificly created chamb- er situated beyond the state apparatus — in Yugoslavia. The above classifica- tion allows us at the same time to point out the principal tendencies in placing the organs of control in the structure of the state apparatus, e.g. in Bulgaria where state control was first functioning as a government department later reor- ganized into party and state control system and beginning with 1974 placed near the central representative organs. Thus, while discussing specific' classification group the Author tried to present the evolution of the system of control in a particular country.The Author developed also a wider issue of connections in between state and party control, highly specialized control of the government departments as well as social supervision in each discussed country. The final part of the article tends to present more general common tendencies charaterizing socialist control regardless of its position in the structure of the state apparatus. In particular, the following issues were stressed: the role of state control in safeguarding the rule of law; involving the working people into the management of the state by way of participation in the organs of social supervision; connections in between state control and party control and their mutual inspirations; the influence of science on further improvement of the socialist control.
Zagadnienia swobody umów i odpowiedzialności w obrocie uspołecznionym
Authors: Stępniak Lechosław
Published: April 2023

Responsibility for the decisions and for the activity in the domain of nation- al economy presently constitutes one of the most important issues in the theory and practice of the functioning of the economy in the socialist countries. The Author begins with the assumption that the scope and the system of responsibility must be closely connected with the scope of competences of the economic units. Thus discussing the issue of the system of responsibility in contractual relation- ships the Author connects it closely with the scope, of freedom of contracts of the parties in socialized trade.Applying the civil law to the contractual relationships in the socialized trade means that the principle of the freedom of contracts is thoroughly binding. There is however another concurring principle of organizational and structural character — this is the principle of central planning and managing of the economy. The latter principle means that the organs of the management are allowed to intervene into the sphere of the activity of an enterprise, also in their contractual relations. In order to make the system of management flexible the scope of such interventions was never defined but in practice we can observe a constant tendency to widen it to the detriment od contractual freedom of the enterprises. In extreme cases the contracts thus concluded between the enterprises become just an outer form of the decisions made by the organs of the management and they do not represent the proper decisions of the economic enterprises. Na- turally, the parties to the contracts actually imposed to them are not interested in their realization. This is the reason why it was necessary to include into the system of contractual responsibility a specific sanction in the form of so called “contractual penalties” obligatory also as far as their vindication is concerned. Tn practice however the system of responsibility based on this type of sanctions is not efficacious.After having discussed various reasons of the present state of affairs the Author comes to the conclusion that the solution to the problem of efficacity of the system of responsibility in socialized trade does not lie in development of prerequisits of the responsibility or in the sanctions foreseen. Efficacity of the civil law instruments requires such shape of organizational structure and of the competences in national economy that would enable the decisions concerning the economic activity and the responsibility for this activity to be localized in one center. This suggestion leads in particular to the limitation of the interventions from the outside into the contractual relations of the units of socialized economy.
Nowe tenencje w prawie prywatnym międzynarodowym Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem stosunków umownych)
Authors: Zachariasiewicz Maria Anna
Published: April 2023

Responsibility for the decisions and for the activity in the domain of nation- al economy presently constitutes one of the most important issues in the theory and practice of the functioning of the economy in the socialist countries. The Author begins with the assumption that the scope and the system of responsibility must be closely connected with the scope of competences of the economic units. Thus discussing the issue of the system of responsibility in contractual relationships the Author connects it closely with the scope, of freedom of contracts of the parties in socialized trade.Applying the civil law to the contractual relationships in the socialized trade means that the principle of the freedom of contracts is thoroughly binding. There is however another concurring principle of organizational and structural character — this is the principle of central planning and managing of the economy. The latter principle means that the organs of the management are allowed to intervene into the sphere of the activity of an enterprise, also in their contractual relations. In order to make the system of management flexible the scope of such interventions was never defined but in practice we can observe a constant tendency to widen it to the detriment od contractual freedom of the enterprises. In extreme cases the contracts thus concluded between the enterprises become just an outer form of the decisions made by the organs of the management and they do not represent the proper decisions of the economic enterprises. Na- turally, the parties to the contracts actually imposed to them are not interested in their realization. This is the reason why it was necessary to include into the system of contractual responsibility a specific sanction in the form of so called “contractual penalties” obligatory also as far as their vindication is concerned. Tn practice however the system of responsibility based on this type of sanctions is not efficacious.After having discussed various reasons of the present state of affairs the Author comes to the conclusion that the solution to the problem of efficacity of the system of responsibility in socialized trade does not lie in development of prerequisits of the responsibility or in the sanctions foreseen. Efficacity of the civil law instruments requires such shape of organizational structure and of the competences in national economy that would enable the decisions concerning the economic activity and the responsibility for this activity to be localized in one center. This suggestion leads in particular to the limitation of the interventions from the outside into the contractual relations of the units of socialized economy.
Domniemania faktyczne i reguły dowodu prima facie
Authors: Morawski Lech
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the function of presumptions and prima facie evidence in evidence proceedings. The discussion concentrates mainly on civil procedure but the Author considers also the possibility of applying presumptions in criminal proceedings. In part I, basic methodological issues connected with presumptions and prima facie evidence as well as with their application in judicial practice are shortly presented. The most important among them concerns the fact that there exist various interpretations of the above terms although generally they are not taken into account by the organs making decisions or by the representatives of the legal doctrine. In part II and III the Author presents commony known concepts of presumptions and prima facie evidence stressing their role in judicial proceedings and the influence on burdon of proof. On the basis of the above considerations in part IV the Author gives his own interpretation of the discussed institutions — the interpretation which seems to him the most operative as far as civil proceedings are concerned. In the Author’s opinion the structure of proof resulting from a presumption or from prima facie evidence is basicly identical. Its comparison with the structure of other legal evidence and especially with circumstantial evidence shows in what sense presumptions and prima facie evidence facilitate the evidence proceedings. On the other hand these rules differ as far as their influence on burdon of proof is concerned and this difference makes the scope of their application distinct. The possibility to introduce a presumption depends upon the non-existence of the hypotheses concurrent to the conclusions drawn from them, that is to say, exclusively upon praxeological considerations, while in case of prima facie evidence its introduction must be justified by axiological arguments discussed in this article (as e.g. the need of protecting the weaker party in the proceedings). Distinct conditions of application of these rules justify the suggestions made in legal theory and practice to treat them separately.
Problematyka prawna działek letniskowych
Authors: Gola Alfred
Published: April 2023

During the last years, because of big urban and industrial aglomerations and other consequences of modern life, there appeared the tendency to own a land lot with a summer house and it is now more and more perceivable, This is so because it seems that a summer house gives maximum freedom to its owner. However, building of summer houses interferes with various fields of socio-economic life and since it is now a phenomenon of mass character, it is necessary to look for solutions which would allow to keep this type of building in reasonable frames and at the same time protect against taking over the land not designated for recreation purposes (e.g. farms, forests subject to specific protection because of landscape or natural values, etc.).This article presents legal problems of summer house lots; procedure of appointing parts of land for recreation purposes, alotting the lots for the purpose of individual recreation, problems of the norms of area. Also, heretofore used methods and legal grounds of acquisition of summer house lots are presented, as well as negative consequences of informal transfer of lots which constitute parts of land designated for the purpose of farming. The Author also discusses highly unsatisfactory state of binding legal rules in this domain, aimed at protecting the land against the use which is irrational or contrary to the designation.Final part of this article contains propositions concerning specific legislative changes which would subject summer house lots to the principles common for administration of land within the town limits, also as far as statutory right of pre-emption is concerned. This would eliminate elements such as spontaneity, chance, discretion and speculation from the process of acquisition and use of plots designated for construction of summer houses.
Sytuacja prawna nieruchomości służących zaspokajaniu potrzeb ludności miejskiej (próba podsumowania)
Authors: Ignatowicz Jerzy
Published: April 2023

Summing up considerations presented in three previous papers the Author adds some thoughts concerning the problems omitted there (e.g. legal status of urban real properties situated beyond the scope of land designated for building purposes). He also gives his suggestions as to the new regulation and legal status of urban real properties designated for construction purposes and of summerhouse lots. Generally, the Author’s opinion of basic principles of such regulation is favorable but at the same time he also points out to the need of changes as far as some paricular solutions are concerned. According to the Author’s view several detailed solutions are too rigorous for the owners of real properties and do not guarantee the respect of their justified interests. In relation to summer-house lots the Author points out to the urgent need of regulating their legal status. The lack of such regulation causes many negative phenomena from the point of view of general interest as well as from the point of view of the interest of the growing number of citizens who wish to organize their individual recreation. Taking into consideration significant relation between the housing and recreation needs of urban population the Author suggests regulation of the problems of real properties designated for building purposes and those concerning summer-house lots in one normative act.
Parlementarne platformy oddziaływania na realziację zadań rządu związkowego w Republice Federalnej Niemiec
Authors: Zakrzewski Witold
Published: April 2023

The paper provides an analysis of the influence of the parliamentary institutions on the working and activity of the government in the Federal Republic of Germany. The author does not aim at presenting the parliamentary institutions as such: in their constitutional position, authority exercised in the political system of the state, and the mechanism of their working. He concentrates on particular aspects of their formal and real functions: on their role as platforms of legally organised political influence on the activity of the federal government. In the first part of his paper, he presents the competence and activity of the federal council — Bundesrat — in legislation, and supervision of regulations issued by federal government, to direct the execution of federal. tasks. In the second part, he tries to analyse the mechanism of political parliamentary influence exercised by federal house of representatives Bundestag — on the exercise of its functions by the federal government.According to the author federal council is a second chamber of federal parliament, although organised in a very particular form. It assures the governing strata of several partial states — Länder — a functional platform of influence on activity of federal administration. The legal basis of this influence is provided by the authority of the federal council to give necessary assent to ca 50% of federal legislation and ca 75% of administrative regulations issued by federal government to state authorities. As practical effect of its authority a system of informal cooperation between federal and state administration was created. It provides not only channels of communication, but a structure of influencing the government in its activity on behalf of power-elites centred in the government of several states. The author tries to treat the subject of relations between the representative chamber and the parliamentary government in GFR in most realistic way. He accepts as dominant the position of federal government in the political system of the GFR. This does not contradict the legally superior authority of the representative chamber, and its real capacity, to exercise a controlling activity, in respect of legislation and in allowance of funds necessary to effect the state tasks. The author presents the structure of activities of the representative chamber and of the parliamentary parties providing formal and informal means to assure the possibilities to take i consideration, supervise and influence the activity of federal government.
Od zasad ogólnych do tożsamości Unii Europejskiej - normy konstytucyjne w orzecznictwie Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Półtorak Nina
Published: April 2023

Normy konstytucyjne są obecne w prawie unijnym przede wszystkim za sprawą orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej. Początkowo były to normy konstytucyjne państw członkowskich, a następnie zasady konstytucyjne samej Unii Europejskiej. W artykule wyodrębniono kilka grup znaczeniowych i funkcjonalnych norm konstytucyjnych. Przedstawiono normy konstytucyjne państw członkowskich jako normy wpływające na rozwój prawa unijnego, następnie normy konstytucyjne państw członkowskich w ich relacji z prawem UE, a wreszcie normy konstytucyjne samej UE i konstytucjonalizację prawa UE w orzecznictwie TSUE prowadzącą do sformułowania pojęcia tożsamości Unii Europejskiej. Przeanalizowano także motywy, znaczenie i cele procesu konstytucjonalizacji prawa UE w orzecznictwie TSUE.
Constitutional norms are present in EU law mainly due to the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Initially, these were the constitutional norms of the Member States, and then the constitutional principles of the European Union itself. The article, adopting the perspective of the CJEU, distinguishes several meanings and functional groups of constitutional norms. It presents the constitutional norms of the Member States as norms that influence the development of EU law, then the constitutional norms of the Member States in relation to EU law and finally the constitutional norms of the EU itself and the process of constitutionalising EU law in the jurisprudence of the CJEU, leading to the concept of the identity of the European Union. The article analyses the motives, meaning and objectives of this concept in the case law of the CJEU.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAH DAERAH, SISTEM PELAPORAN, DAN KETAATAN PADA PERATURAN PERUNDANGAN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Authors: Muslimah Winda , Taufik Taufeni , Rusli Rusli
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the local government accounting system implementation, reporting system, and compliance with laws and regulations on the performance accountability of local government institutions. The data used in this study is primary data using the questionnaire method. The questionnaire method is to distribute a list of question (questionnaires) that will be answered and answered by the respondents, namely the parties who carry out the function of the head of the section in the local government. The research sample was 90 people. The speculation is used the use of multiple linear regression analysis. The effects of the look at suggest that the utility of the nearby government accounting device has an wonderful impact at the accountability of the overall performance of government institutions. The reporting system positive effects the accountibility of the performance of local government institutions, and compliance with laws and regulations positive effects the accountability of the performance of local government institutions.
The Portrait of Character Education in Yadnya Enactment Among Hindu Society
Authors: Yasa I Gede Putu
Published: April 2023

In general, ordinary people are of the view that being religious is doing yadnya in the form of a ceremony. In good economic conditions, this will not cause problems, but in declining economic conditions, it will have an impact on decreasing sincerity and sincerity in giving. Thus, it is deemed necessary to instill the concept of religion in accordance with the guidance of the holy books. This study aims to describe character education in the actualization of yadnya in the Traditional Village of Perang, Lukluk Village, Mengwi District, Badung. This study employed a qualitative approach by collecting data from observation, interviews, and literature review. The findings show that an understanding of the three basic frameworks, namely, philosophy/tattwa, moral ethics and yadnya needs to be socialized to the community, especially community leaders such as stakeholders, srati and uperengga who are directly involved in many ceremonial activities. According to the Bhagawad Gita and Veda, yadnya is not only carrying out offering ceremonies, but working, socializing and all activities carried out sincerely for the welfare and peace and happiness of all beings, including yadnya. Thus, when interacting in all things, it is necessary to have ethics/morals in accordance with the basic framework of Hinduism, because character education comes from religious and cultural education in society. Thus, yadnya provides maximum benefits in accordance with the purpose of performing the yadnya, namely, as a form of devotion and gratitude to God Almighty for all His blessings and grace in all things.
Heterogeneous graph convolutional neural network for protein-ligand scoring
Authors: Crampon Kevin , Giorkallos Alexis , Vigouroux Xavier , Baud Stephanie , Steffenel Luiz Angelo
Published: April 2023

Aim: Drug discovery is a long process, often taking decades of research endeavors. It is still an active area of research in both academic and industrial sectors with efforts on reducing time and cost. Computational simulations like molecular docking enable fast exploration of large databases of compounds and extract the most promising molecule candidates for further in vitro and in vivo tests. Structure-based molecular docking is a complex process mixing both surface exploration and energy estimation to find the minimal free energy of binding corresponding to the best interaction location.
Methods: Hereafter, heterogeneous graph score (HGScore), a new scoring function is proposed and is developed in the context of a protein-small compound-complex. Each complex is represented by a heterogeneous graph allowing to separate edges according to their class (inter- or intra-molecular). Then a heterogeneous graph convolutional network (HGCN) is used allowing the discrimination of the information according to the edge crossed. In the end, the model produces the affinity score of the complex.
Results: HGScore has been tested on the comparative assessment of scoring functions (CASF) 2013 and 2016 benchmarks for scoring, ranking, and docking powers. It has achieved good performances by outperforming classical methods and being among the best artificial intelligence (AI) methods.
Conclusions: Thus, HGScore brings a new way to represent protein-ligand interactions. Using a representation that involves classical graph neural networks (GNNs) and splitting the learning process regarding the edge type makes the proposed model to be the best adapted for future transfer learning on other (protein-DNA, protein-sugar, protein-protein, etc.) biological complexes.
Signifikansi dari Pengajaran Repetitif oleh Yesus dalam Perjalanan ke Emaus: Analisis Naratif Lukas 24:13-35
Authors: Petrus Edwin
Published: April 2023

Narasi perjalanan dari dua orang murid Yesus ke Emaus merupakan salah satu dari tiga narasi kebangkitan Yesus versi Injil Lukas. Narasi yang unik bagi Injil Lukas ini menyimpan pesan pemuridan Yesus yang signifikan. Melalui pengajaran Kitab Suci yang direpetisi, Yesus memberikan pemahaman yang benar tentang nubuatan-nubuatan dari Kitab Suci yang merujuk kepada Mesias. Kleopas dan rekannya yang lamban hati itu mengalami transformasi setelah menjalani proses pembelajaran dengan Yesus di sepanjang perjalanan dari Yerusalem ke Emaus. Di dalam artikel ini, penulis mengeksegesis narasi perjalanan ke Emaus (Luk. 24:13-35) dengan menggunakan metode kritik narasi, untuk mendapatkan makna sebenarnya yang ingin disampaikan oleh Lukas tentang signifikansi dari pengajaran yang direpetisi oleh Yesus. Hasil dari kritik narasi menunjukkan bahwa Yesus bukan hanya ingin menampakkan diri kepada para murid pasca kebangkitan, tetapi Yesus ingin memberikan pengajaran yang intensif tentang identitas kemesiasan-Nya yang menggenapi nubuatan tentang Dia di dalam Kitab Suci.
Layanan Konseling Online dan Sikap Etis Kristen
Authors: Blegur Romelus , Gading Nico Pabayo , Karo Dinar Br. , Rini Nastiti Puspita
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang layanan konseling online dalam kaitannya dengan pelayanan gereja. Tampak bahwa, sistem pelayanan konseling online kini berpengaruh luas dan gereja pun terkena pengaruhnya. Meskipun demikian kenyataan tersebut perlu disikapi dengan baik, agar para konselor Kristen tidak terjebak dan terkendali dalam arena media online yang bebas nilai, tanpa kontrol sosial, moral, dan etis. Penelitian ini menggunaka metode Content Analysis dengan menyelidiki teks-teks yang dirujuk melalui artikel jurnal online. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa layanan konseling online pada satu sisi berdampak baik, tetapi juga berdampak buruk di sisi lainnya. Berkenaan dengan itu, maka para konselor Kristen perlu menyikapinya secara proporsional menurut nilai-nilai etika Kristen, agar penggunaan media online dalam melakukan pelayanan konseling tetap dalam batas yang wajar dan terukur sesuai dengan kebenaran Kristen.
Studi Cross-Textual Reading Terhadap Kisah Padi Pulut dan Kisah Elia dan Janda di Sarfat
Authors: Saputra Jefri Andri , Mordekai Mordekai
Published: April 2023

This study aims to provide an alternative regarding the attitude that the church should have in dealing with crises. The crisis referred to here refers to an economic recession. Following up on this effort, the author examines the story "The Origin of Sticky Rice" with the Story of Elijah and the Widow in Sarfat according to the text of 1 King 16:29-17:24, using a cross-textual reading approach. Based on the analysis, the writer finds that a crisis is not a reason not to share. Instead, God perpetuates its maintenance through human faith and obedience to Him and by way of acceptance, hospitality, and sharing with others.
Teologi Kristen Menghadapi Tantangan Zaman (Spiritualitas, Usaha Berteologi, dan Praksis dalam Konteks Sinode GIA)
Authors: Pranoto Minggus Minarto , Rabono Rabono , Waruwu Hudiman
Published: April 2023

Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah contoh bagaimana sebuah gereja atau sinode menanggapi terhadap tantangan-tantangan zaman.  Konteks yang diambil adalah konteks Sinode Gereja Isa Almasih(GIA), yang adalah gereja berdenominasi Pentakostal. Bagaimana GIA melalui spiritualitas, usaha berteologi, dan praksisnya menjawab tantangan-tantangan baik secara internal maupun secara eksternal, yaitu seperti membangun identitas GIA yang kuat dan pelayanan dalam konteks pandemi, pluralitas budaya kepercayaan, dan agama serta konteks masyarakat digital. Tujuan tulisan untuk mengajukan suatu usulan berisi pandangan teologi GIA yang didasari  pada spiritualitas, teologi, dan praksisnya yang relevan dan fungsional yang mungkin dapat digunakan untuk menjawab tantangan baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Metode berteologinya didasari pada sebuah perspektif teologi yang melihat dan mengenal Allah, realitas dunia, hidup dan peristiwa manusia dari perspektif Roh Kudus  (tanpa terpisah dari Bapa dan Putera atau disebut pneumatologi Trinitaris); dan juga melalui memperhatikan beberapa sumber berteologi GIA. Pernyataan tesisnya adalah GIA menyatakan tahun rahmat Tuhan melalui merefleksikan dan menyatakan spiritualitas, usaha berteologi, dan praksisnya untuk menjawab tantangan-tantangan zaman.
Korban dan Kekerasan dalam Kejadian 3:21
Authors: Setiawan Daniel Dwi , Benyamin Nefry Christoffel
Published: April 2023

Fenomena kekerasan merupakan sesuatu yang sering terjadi dalam konteks keluarga, sosial, agama-agama, bahkan juga terjadi terhadap hewan. Oleh sebab itu, tindakan kekerasan menjadi tidak dibatasi kepada siapa tindakan tersebut dilakukan. Namun, dari tindakan tersebut biasanya dilatarbelakangi faktor yang memunculkan tindakan kekerasan tersebut. Sehingga korban tindakan kekerasan tersebut juga muncul dalam Kejadian 3:21 yang dialami oleh hewan. Tujuan tulisan ini untuk menganalisis tindakan kekerasan yang terjadi dalam Kejadian 3:21 menggunakan teori “kambing hitam” René Girard. Adanya mekanisme “kambing hitam” tersebut diperlukan bertujuan untuk menetralisir konflik yang terjadi. Di mana dalam proses pembuatan pakaian untuk manusia, rupanya Allah menggunakan kulit binatang yang tentunya mengandung tindakan kekerasan, yaitu terhadap hewan. Dengan demikian, hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan makna dibalik kekerasan yang dilakukan Allah, bahwa Allah masih memedulikan manusia dan masih memperbaiki relasi-Nya dengan manusia. Allah berinisiatif dengan membuatkan pakaian untuk manusia sebagai langkah awal proses pemulihan relasi diri-Nya dengan manusia, walaupun menimbulkan korban dan kekerasan yang dialami oleh hewan.
Predictive markers of response to immunotherapy in uterine cancer
Authors: Мусаелян Арам , Иевлева Аглая , Отраднова Екатерина , Дегтярев Алексей , Зарембо Ирина , Имянитов Евгений , Орлов Сергей
Published: April 2023

Рак тела матки (РТМ) является одним из ведущих причин онкологической заболеваемости у женского населения. При этом, до четверти всех случаев РТМ представлены распространенным процессом, при котором до недавнего времени отсутствовали эффективные подходы к лечению после прогрессирования заболевания на стандартной химиотерапии. Ингибиторы контрольных точек (ИКТ) позволили значительно расширить терапевтические опции для этой группы пациентов. Несмотря на то, что терапия ИКТ при РТМ продемонстрировала многообещающие результаты, данное заболевание является гетерогенным, что обуславливает важность изучения потенциальных предикторов эффективности лечения. В обзорной статье представлены данные о молекулярных основах ключевых предиктивных маркеров ответа на иммунотерапию при РТМ и их клиническом значении при рецидивирующем и метастатическом заболевании.
Primary central nervous system neuroblastomas and ganglioneuroblastomas in adult patients
Authors: Нечаева Анастасия Сергеевна , Мацко Марина Витальевна , Улитин Алексей Юрьевич , Зрелов Андрей Андреевич
Published: April 2023

Нейробластомы и ганглионейробластомы центральной нервной системы (ЦНС-НБ и ЦНС-ГНБ) являются первичными редкими и мало изученными злокачественными опухолями у взрослых пациентов. Ввиду сложности гистологической верификации диагноза на настоящий момент отсутствуют обширные эпидемиологические данные, а протоколы адъювантной терапии носят эмпирический характер со значительной вариабельностью клинического исхода.

 В статье на основе анализа медицинской литературы и собственных клинических наблюдений рассмотрены проблемы диагностики и лечения ЦНС-НБ и ЦНС-ГНБ у взрослых пациентов. Описаны эпидемиологические, клинические, морфологические и молекулярно-генетические характеристики, а также существующие на настоящий момент подходы к адъювантной терапии ЦНС-НБ и ЦНС-ГНБ у пациентов старше 18 лет. Для подготовки обзора проведен поиск литературы по базам данных Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, РИНЦ. Использовано 36 источников, 44,5 % из них опубликованы за последние 5 лет.
Myocarditis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies: diagnostic and treatment strategies
Authors: Баллюзек Марина , Проценко Светлана , Потиевская Вера
Published: April 2023

В обзоре представлены сведения  о миокардитах и воспалительных кардиопатиях, связанных с терапией ингибиторами иммунных контрольных точек (ИКТ), имеющиеся современные данные о стратегиях их диагностики и лечения. Широкое практическое применение иммунотерапии постепенно стало выявлять разнообразную клиническую симптоматику, течение и исходы иммуноопосредованных кардиологических нежелательных явлений (иНЯ) от достаточно редких, но потенциально жизнеопасных фульминантных форм, до малосимптомных вариантов течения, которые, однако, нередко приводят к развитию дилатационной кардиопатии, аритмий и сердечной недостаточности. Рассматриваются факторы риска, частые сопутствующие клинические состояния иммуноопосредованных миокардитов, вопросы оценки степени тяжести иНЯ, алгоритмы наблюдения. Подчеркивается важность мультидисциплинарного подхода к решению проблем ведения пациентов при развитии этого кардиотоксического  иНЯ.
Urethane-induced transgenerational carcinogenesis in the offsprings of BALB/c male mice exposed to total body gamma irradiation
Authors: Панченко Андрей Владимирович , Пигарев Сергей Евгеньевич , Федорос Елена Ивановна , Драчев Игорь Сергеевич , Юрова Мария Николаевна , Тындык Маргарита Леонидовна , Семенов Александр Леонидович , Вон Юлия Дюсековна , Туманян Ирина Акоповна , Быков Владимир Николаевич , Анисимов Владимир Николаевич
Published: April 2023

Введение. Геномная нестабильность, возникшая под влиянием ионизирующей радиации или химических канцерогенов противоопухолевой терапии представляет потенциальную угрозу не только для самих пациентов, но возможно и для их потомства.
Цель исследования. Изучение риска трансгенерационной передачи повышенной чувствительности к химическому канцерогенезу легкого у потомков облученных отцов на мышах BALB/c.
Материалы и методы. Самцов мышей подвергали общему гамма-облучению в дозе 0 или 1 Гр, спустя 30 сут после облучения спаривали с интактными самками этой же линии и получали потомство F1. В возрасте 3 мес потомкам F1 обоего пола вводили уретан (600 мг/кг, четыре раза с интервалом 7 дней).
Результаты. Через 9 мес от начала введения канцерогена среднее количество макроскопически выявленных опухолей легких у потомков облученных самцов было выше, чем у потомков необлученных самцов, у самок — на 49 % (р<0,05), у самцов — на 43 % (р<0,01). Большинство выявленных опухолей представляли аденокарциномы. Среднее число аденокарцином на мышь-опухоленосителя у потомства облученных отцов было больше, чем у потомства необлученных на 83 % (р < 0,05) и 53 % (р < 0,05) у самцов и самок, соответственно.
Заключение. Результаты исследования подтверждают риск трансгенерационной передачи повышенной чувствительности к канцерогенезу после равномерного общего гамма-облучения самцов мышей.
The possibilities of intra-arterial chemioembolization in the treatment of patients with unresectable liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Соловьева Людмила , Поликарпов Алексей , Попов Сергей , Павловский Александр , Козлов Алексей , Гранов Дмитрий , Майстренко Дмитрий
Published: April 2023

Введение. Печень является основным органом метастазирования нейроэндокринных опухолей. Количество, размеры и распространение метастазов в печени считаются важными факторами, определяющими прогноз заболевания и качество жизни пациента. Относительно недавно резекция была единственным предпочтительным методом лечения. Однако, учитывая мультифокальный, преимущественно билобарный, характер поражения печени, пациенты с метастазами нейроэндокринных опухолей не подходят для оперативного вмешательства.
Цель. Анализ результатов применения внутриартериальной химиоэмболизации в лечении пациентов с нерезектабельными метастазами нейроэндокринных опухолей в печень.
Материалы и методы. Проведена ретроспективная оценка результатов лечения методами интервенционной радиологии 142 пациентов с метастатическим поражением печени при нейроэндокринных опухолях за период с 2006 по 2021 гг.
Результаты. После 2-х циклов регионарной химиотерапии полный ответ достигнут у 13 % пациентов, частичный — у 20 %, стабилизация — у 53 %, прогрессирование — у 14 %. Снижение проявлений карциноидного синдрома отмечено у 65 % пациентов. У пациентов с первично нерезектабельными метастазами нейроэндокринных опухолей в печень после регионарной химиотерапии удалось провести в 5 % случаев радикальные и в 8 % случаев циторедуктивные операции.
Заключение. Количество, размеры и расположение метастазов в печени считаются важными факторами, определяющими прогноз заболевания и качество жизни пациента. Учитывая мультифокальный, преимущественно билобарный, характер поражения печени, большинство пациентов с метастазами нейроэндокринных опухолей не подходят для оперативного вмешательства. Методы интервенционной радиологии являются эффективным альтернативным лечением, которое может уменьшить опухолевую нагрузку, облегчить симптоматическое проявление карциноидного синдрома, подготовить пациента к дальнейшему циторедуктивному вмешательству.
Modern possibilities of first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma: resolution based on the expert council's findings
Authors: Анжиганова Юлия , Бакланова Ольга , Варламов Сергей , Водолазский Владислав , Жаркова Ольга , Зуков Руслан , Иванова Феодосия , Копыльцов Евгений , Новикова Ольга , Скорая Марина , Усынин Евгений
Published: April 2023

Представлены результаты заседания Регионального Совета экспертов Сибири и Дальнего Востока в нозологии почечно-клеточный рак, состоявшегося 20 мая 2022 г. в Новосибирске с целью согласования тактики ведения пациентов при системной терапии распространенного ПКР (рПКР), обсуждения клинического опыта применения комбинаций иммунотаргетных режимов, получения экспертного мнения относительно результатов исследования применения ленватиниба в комбинации с пембролизумабом у пациентов с рПКР. В задачах Совета было обсуждение различий подходов к лечению на основе клинических рекомендаций и реальной практики, возможностей обеспечения региональных пациентов современными опциями комбинированной терапии 1-й линии, специфики маршрутизации данной когорты больных. Повестка включала поиск портрета пациента, назначение которому комбинированной иммунотаргетной терапии ленватиниба с пембролизумабом окажет максимальный эффект с возможностью контроля токсичности. Одними из существенных оказались вопросы фармакоэкономики и пути их решения.
Features of the course of melanoma during pregnancy
Authors: Чернышова Алена , Коломиец Лариса , Черняков Александр , Скороходова Татьяна , Афанасьев Сергей , Горх Павел , Еремин Валерий , Трущук Юлия , Диль Ольга , Красильников Сергей , Шумейкина Анастасия , Антипов Виталий , Чернышова Арина
Published: April 2023

В статье представлен клинический случай меланомы, ассоциированной с беременностью, показано крайне агрессивное течение заболевания, приведшее к летальному исходу беременной пациентки. Представленный клинический случай наглядно продемонстрировал негативное влияние беременности на клиническое течение меланомы: от момента появления первых клинических признаков до смерти пациентки прошло меньше месяца. Современный анализ литературы по частоте встречаемости и особенностях клинического течения меланомы на фоне беременности показал, что беременные женщины на момент диагностики злокачественного заболевания имеют менее благоприятный прогноз развития меланомы, чем не беременные.
Differential Diagnosis of Metastatic Lesions in the Pancreas in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Focal Chronic Pancreatitis: A Clinical Observation
Authors: Перминова Алина , Коханенко Николай , Ханевич Михаил , Зиньковская Анна
Published: April 2023

Представлено наблюдение 62-летней больной с метастатическим поражением поджелудочной железы почечно-клеточным раком спустя 15 лет после радикальной нефрэктомии справа. Заболевание успешно диагностировано безоперационным путем: выполнена тонкоигольная пункционная биопсия с последующим иммуногистохимическим исследованием препарата, таким образом диагноз был верифицирован и исключен очаговый хронический панкреатит. Пациентке проведена лекарственная противоопухолевая терапия, которую она перенесла хорошо, достигнут частичный ответ.

 

Ключевые слова: почечноклеточный рак, почечноклеточная карцинома, очаговый панкреатит, карцинома поджелудочной железы, псевдокиста головки поджелудочной железы, иммуногистохимическое исследование.

Авторы подтверждают отсутствие конфликтов интересов.
Fiddleheads
Authors: Bolton Elizabeth
Published: April 2023

A poem in six parts tracing the natural history of fiddleheads, also known as Ostrich ferns, Onoclea struthiopteris or Matteucia struthiopteris: a plant native to northeastern North America (Turtle Island) and a traditional food.