bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relapse-free survival in a pediatric patient with recurrent EZH2-mutant melanoma treated with adjuvant tazemetostat
Authors: Resch Erin E. , Makri Stavriani C. , Ghanem Paola , Baraban Ezra G. , Cohen Kenneth J. , Cohen Alan R. , Lipson Evan J. , Pratilas Christine A.
Published: February 2025

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is an essential epigenetic regulator of H3K27 histone methylation and is mutated or overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers. In melanoma, EZH2 overexpression contributes to excessive trimethylation of H3K27 on tumor suppressor genes and has been proposed to be a mechanism of tumor progression and metastasis. EZH2-targeted therapies have been successfully used to treat patients with follicular lymphoma and epithelioid sarcoma, but their clinical use in melanoma has not been described. Here, we describe a pediatric patient with multiply relapsed melanoma harboring an EZH2 A692V missense mutation, treated adjuvantly with the EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat, who experienced a prolonged relapse-free survival.
The Iron Foam Catalyst for Forming Olefins via Fischer -Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Ali Basit , Huang Jielang , Zhang Jing , Sun Shouli , Zhang Yi
Published: February 2025

Despite major advances in the direct formation of light olefins (C2-C4) by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS), understanding the actions of promotors and iron carbides remains a difficult endeavor, since the observed...
Accelerating Interfacial Desolvation Kinetic by NaF-Rich Composite Sodium for High-Performance All-Climate Sodium-Metal Batteries
Authors: Xu Chaohe , Deng Tongtong , Li Chen , Lu Guanjije , Li Zongyang , Wang Ronghua
Published: February 2025

Sodium-metal batteries (SMBs) are considered as the ideal candidates for the next-generation large-scale energy storage batteries. However, achieving all-climate SMBs operating at a wide temperature remains a huge challenge because...
Selective C=O hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde over Ir-based catalysts and the comparison with C-O hydrogenolysis of polyols
Authors: Dong Zhe , Nakagawa Yoshinao , Liu Ben , Mihara Shogen , Yabushita Mizuho , Tomishige Keiichi
Published: February 2025

Ir-based bimetallic catalysts supported on rutile TiO2 with low surface area were applied to selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to cinnamyl alcohol. Ir-FeOx/rutile (Ir: 3 wt%, Fe/Ir = 0.1 (molar basis))...
The bulge globular cluster Terzan 6 as seen from multi-conjugate adaptive optics and HST
Authors: Loriga M. , Pallanca C. , Ferraro F.R. , Dalessandro E. , Lanzoni B. , Cadelano M. , Origlia L. , Fanelli C. , Geisler D. , Villanova S.
Published: February 2025

This work consists of the first detailed photometric study of Terzan 6, one of the least known globular clusters in the Galactic bulge. Through the analysis of high angular resolution and multiwavelength data obtained from adaptive optics corrected and space observations, we built deep, optical and near-infrared color-magnitude diagrams reaching ≈ 4 magnitudes below the main-sequence turnoff. Taking advantage of four different epochs of observations, we measured precise relative proper motions for a large sample of stars, from which cluster members have been solidly distinguished from Galactic field interlopers. A noncanonical reddening law (with R_V=2.85) and high-resolution differential reddening map, with color excess variations up to δ E(B-V) ≈ 0.8 mag, have been derived in the direction of the system. According to these findings, new values for the extinction and distance modulus have been obtained: E(B-V)=2.36±0.05 and $(m-M)_0=14.46 ± 0.10$ (corresponding to d=7.8 ± 0.3 kpc), respectively. We also provide the first determinations of the cluster center and projected density profile from resolved star counts. The center is offset by more than $7 to the east from the literature value, and the structural parameters obtained from the King model fitting to the density profile indicate that Terzan 6 is in an advanced stage of its dynamical evolution, with a large value for the concentration parameter (c = ) and a small core radius (r_c = 2.6_ arcsec). We also determined the absolute age of the system, finding t=13± 1 Gyr, in agreement with the old ages found for the globular clusters in the Galactic bulge. From the redetermination of the absolute magnitude of the red giant branch bump and the recent estimate of the cluster global metallicity, we find that Terzan 6 nicely matches the tight relation between these two parameters drawn by the Galactic globular cluster population.
A new class of dark matter-free dwarf galaxies?. I. Clues from FCC 224, NGC 1052-DF2, and NGC 1052-DF4
Authors: Luisa Buzzo Maria , Forbes Duncan A. , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Haacke Lydia , Gannon Jonah S. , Tang Yimeng , Hilker Michael , Ferré-Mateu Anna , Janssens Steven R. , Brodie Jean P. , Valenzuela Lucas M.
Published: February 2025

The discovery of quiescent, dark matter (DM)-deficient ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) with overluminous globular clusters (GCs) has challenged galaxy formation models within the Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmological paradigm. Previously, such galaxies were only identified in the NGC 1052 group, raising the possibility that they are the result of unique, group-specific processes, and limiting their broader significance. The recent identification of FCC 224, a putative DM-deficient UDG on the outskirts of the Fornax Cluster, suggests that such galaxies are not confined to the NGC 1052 group but rather represent a broader phenomenon. We aim to investigate the DM content of FCC 224 and to explore its similarities to the DM-free dwarfs in the NGC 1052 group, DF2 and DF4, to determine whether or not it belongs to the same class of DM-deficient UDGs. We use high-resolution Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) spectroscopy to study the kinematics, stellar populations, and GC system of FCC 224, enabling direct comparisons with DF2 and DF4. We find that FCC 224 is also DM-deficient and exhibits a distinct set of traits shared with DF2 and DF4, including slow and prolate rotation, quiescence in low-density environments, coeval formation of stars and GCs, flat stellar population gradients, a top-heavy GC luminosity function, and monochromatic GCs. These shared characteristics signal the existence of a previously unrecognised class of DM-deficient dwarf galaxies. This diagnostic framework provides a means of identifying additional examples and raises new questions for galaxy formation models within ΛCDM cosmology.
Study of giant radio galaxies using spectroscopic observations from the Himalayan Chandra Telescope
Authors: Sethi Sagar , Dabhade Pratik , Biju K.G. , Stalin C.S. , Jamrozy Marek
Published: February 2025

We present the results of spectroscopic observations of host galaxies of eleven candidate giant radio galaxies (GRGs), powered by active galactic nuclei (AGNs), conducted with the 2-m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT). The primary aim of these observations, performed with the Hanle Faint Object Spectrograph Camera (HFOSC), was to secure accurate spectroscopic redshifts, enabling precise calculations of their projected linear sizes. Based on these measurements, we confirm all eleven sources as giants, with linear sizes ranging from 0.7 to 2.9 Mpc, including ten GRGs and one giant radio quasar (GRQ). One of the GRGs shows evidence of a potential AGN jet-driven ionised outflow, extending up to ∼12 kpc, which, if confirmed, would represent a rarely observed feature. Two of the confirmed GRGs exceed 2 Mpc in size, which are relatively rare examples of GRGs. The redshifts of the host galaxies span (0.09323 ≤ z ≤ 0.41134). Using the obtained spectroscopic data, we characterised their AGN states based on the optical emission line properties. To complement these observations, archival radio and optical survey data were utilised to characterise their large-scale radio morphology and estimate projected linear sizes, arm-length ratios, flux densities, luminosities, and core dominance factors. These results provide new insights into the properties of GRGs and form a critical foundation for further detailed studies of their environments, AGN activity, and evolution using future high-sensitivity optical and radio datasets.
Research Progress of Plant Available Carbon in the Earth's Carbon Cycle
Authors: Sun Xiang-ping , Qiu Hua-jiao , Zhuo Wang , Qiu Cai-sheng , Zhong Guo-qian , Zhao Xin-ling , Zhao Zhi-min , Long Song-hua , Sung Wook Won
Published: February 2025

To our knowledge, study has yielded that biological carbon sequestration is the use of photosynthesis of plants to improve ecological. The purpose of the present study was to investigate Research progress of plant available carbon in the earth's carbon cycle. One way to overcome these problems is to that plants can fix carbon dioxide as they grow through photosynthesis, and soil can sequester the carbon as decomposed biomass. This was demonstrated in a number of studies that showed that there are four mechanisms that affect the carbon sink of terrestrial ecosystems, namely climate change, CO2 fertilization, nitrogen deposition fertilization and the regeneration of forests after early destruction. Therefore, It is interesting to note that, how to fully utilize the carbon fixed by plants to extend the service time of plant carbon sinks or reduce the consumption of fossil energy is a worthwhile research issue in the process of achieving the “dual carbon” goal.
Study on the Community Structure and Diversity of Zooplankton in Dingzi Bay by Using Mathematical and Intelligent Analysis Tools
Authors: Zhang Liang , Huang Juan , Liu Yumeng , Gu Xueji , Zhao Chuanting
Published: February 2025

In order to know the community structure and diversity of zooplankton in Dingzi Bay, based on the investigation data in April 2024(spring), the species composition, dominant species, community structure and the correlation between species diversity and environmental factors of zooplankton were analyzed by using computer systems and digital intelligent analysis tools. The results showed that the water quality at the bottom of Dingzi Bay was poor, and a tolal of 10 species and 5 taxa of zooplankton larvae were found. The average individual density of zooplankton was 387.0 ind/m3, and the average biomass (wet weight) was 188.6 mg/m3. The average Shannon-Wiener index (H'), Margalef's species richness diversity (d) and Pielou's evenness index (J') were 1.35, 0.92, 0.46, respectively. The dominant species were Calanus sinicus, Tortanus derjugini, Brachyura Zoea larva and fish egg. Cluster analysis showed that the zooplankton in the investigation area can be divided into 2 groups. The correlation analysis showed that water temperature was an important environmental factor affecting zooplankton indexes.
Study on the Mineral Characteristics and Upgrading of Titanium Iron Ore Concentrate in the Panxi Region of China
Authors: Xu Guoyin , Wang Purong
Published: February 2025

By conducting sieve analysis and MLA process mineralogy automated analysis system research on a titanium iron ore concentrate sample from the Panxi region, this study found that the main metallic mineral in the Anning titanium concentrate is ilmenite, which is the primary target mineral for recovery in this study. In addition, there are minor metallic minerals such as titanomagnetite and hematite, as well as gangue minerals including chlorite, hornblende, sphene, and diopside. Ilmenite accounts for 89.42% of the total mineral mass, and its liberation degree has reached 95.26%, indicating that ilmenite has essentially achieved liberation. The sample contains 47.61% TiO2, 2.63% SiO2, 1.05% CaO, and 2.84% MgO. The particle size of the sample is mainly below -200 mesh, accounting for 73.75%, while the fine particle grade with a higher grade is -325 mesh, accounting for 28.95%. SiO2 and TiO2 are mainly concentrated in the -200 mesh particle size grade, while gangue minerals rich in Ca, Si, and Mg are mainly chlorite, titanite, sphene, and other silicate minerals. Gangue minerals associated with ilmenite include chlorite, sphene, and titanite, while those enclosed by ilmenite are mainly composed of chlorite, hornblende, sphene, and titanite. These gangue minerals, due to their low intergrowth particle size, are difficult to remove by mineral processing methods. Gangue minerals containing Ca, Mg, and Si have low intergrowth particle sizes and complex associations with ilmenite, making them difficult to completely remove.In the flotation tests, this study employed an open circuit flotation test process of “one roughing, two scavenging, and middling separate treatment”. In the roughing stage, the dosage of sulfuric acid was 3000g/t, and the dosage of FS+CS was 1500+1500g/t, while the collector YS was used at 500g/t. Through this process, the study obtained two types of titanium concentrates: one with a yield of 36.72%, TiO2 content of 49.62%, SiO2 content of 0.95%, and TiO2 recovery rate of 38.24%, which is a low- silica titanium concentrate; the other with a yield of 63.28%, TiO2 content of 46.51%, SiO2 content of 3.52%, and TiO2 recovery rate of 61.76%, which is a regular titanium concentrate. The high-quality titanium concentrate obtained meets the requirements for silicon, calcium, and magnesium in the chlorinated titanium dioxide process, while the flotation tailings can be used as regular titanium concentrate.
BCF Better Reflects the Bioavailability of Selenium in the Soil of the Northeastern Guanzhong Plain Compared to MF
Authors: Yang Shengfei , Zhang Pei , Guo Fa , Xu Duoxun , Yan Yuchen , Liu Tuo
Published: February 2025

A large area of selenium-rich soil has been identified in the Guanzhong Plain; however, the bioavailability of selenium remains poorly understood, which poses significant challenges to the development and utilization of these resources. This study investigates selenium bioavailability by focusing on surface soils, wheat grains, and rhizosphere soils in the northeastern Guanzhong Plain. The results reveal that the average selenium content in surface soil exceeds the background levels for both the Guanzhong Plain and China. Humic acid-bound selenium and strongly organically bound selenium are the predominant forms in rhizosphere soil. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) better reflects the bioavailability of selenium in the soil of the northeastern Guanzhong Plain compared to the mobility factor (MF). Moreover, selenium bioavailability in the study area is notably higher than in surrounding regions. These findings offer valuable insights into the sustainable development and efficient utilization of selenium-rich land resources in this region.
Analysis of Carbon Emission Characteristics Over the Entire Life Cycle of Indoor Substation Structures
Authors: Wu Jingyun , Huang Zheng , Liu Hao
Published: February 2025

As a key infrastructure in the power industry, substations play an important role in achieving the strategic goal of “dual carbon”, and their sustainable development concept radiates to the entire field of structural buildings and ecological buildings. Based on a systematic review and in-depth analysis of carbon emissions across the entire life cycle of substations, this paper, in combination with the characteristics of substation projects, analyzed the boundaries for carbon emission calculations and carbon emission accounting methods. It calculates the carbon emissions over the entire life cycle and compares and analyzes the carbon emissions under different structural forms. The study finds that the carbon emissions during the operation phase dominate, accounting for as much as 54% in the entire life cycle of substation. Furthermore, steel- structured substations reduce carbon emissions by approximately 10% compared to concrete structure substations. Considering energy conservation and emission reduction comprehensively, steel structure substations are superior to concrete structure substations. The research results not only provided strong data support and theoretical basis for the low-carbon design, construction and operation of substation, but also contributed to the energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction industry, civil engineering and hydraulic engineering field.
Analysis and Research on the Influence of Civil Aircraft System on CO2 Emission
Authors: Sun Kexin , Yang Yi , Xuan Zhaojie
Published: February 2025

Based on the international standard ICAO Annex 16 Volume III, this paper adopts the CO2 emission airworthiness calculation method proposed by ICAO to carry out sensitivity analysis and research on the influence of air intake volume of pneumatic system, power extraction of electric system and hydraulic system from engine on civil aircraft CO2 emission. The methods of reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emission of aircraft are discussed from the perspective of air intake volume and power extraction.
Public Transportation Commuting: Inequity and Polycentric Urban Structure
Authors: Fu Wantong
Published: February 2025

The polycentric urban structure is a way to solve many problems faced by a single big city, such as traffic congestion, environmental pollution, resource shortage and so on. Meanwhile, workers who take public transportation are importantly representative of the whole population of a city. Currently, there is limited research estimating and quantitatively analyzing the impact of polycentric urban structure on morning commute. This research fills this blank by analyzing the current utilization of morning bus among workers in the multi-center cluster city of Beijing. The study uses multiple linear regression to check the fairness of commuting. The result shows that bus commute is relatively equitable in terms of commuting time and distance, but not in terms of bus station density. However, it’s interested that commuting time is less equitable than commuting distance.
A Preliminary Investigation on the Relationship Between the Sustainable Construction Field and the Sustainable Development Goals: A Proposed Research Framework
Authors: Zhou Zhenquan , Syamsunur Deprizon , Fan Xiang , Li Jiawen
Published: February 2025

In recent years, there has been a wide concern regarding climate change and the future development of human beings. Some scholars support the idea that construction activity has been exacerbating the global warming issue, which requires a sustainable transformation of the building industry. This article examines the correlation between the construction sector and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) published by the United Nations. Within the framework of global advocacy for sustainable development, the construction sector is progressively advancing the creation of green buildings to facilitate the achievement of the SDGs by minimising resource use and pollution. Researching convincing academic materials and completing the relevant analysis elucidates the low-degree relations between the construction industry and the relevant goals (1, 2, 4, 10, 14, 16 and 17) and the medium-level correlation with objectives 5 and 8. More importantly, the building sector, especially considering the use of modular constructions, significantly contributes to SDGs 3, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13 and 15 considering its influence on energy efficiency, climate change mitigation, urban infrastructure, clean water preservation and many other aspects. A comprehensive research framework is proposed to explore the challenges of using modular constrictions and improve the building industry's sustainability, facilitating SDG achievement. More first-hand data can be collected in the subsequent investigations, and the multi-criterion analysis method can be employed in further research, improving the accuracy and objectiveness of current research findings.
Hefei City Carding in the 21st Century
Authors: Zhu Menghan , Wang Baoqiang
Published: February 2025

Hefei, the capital of Anhui Province, is situated in central China. This city, with a history spanning over 2,200 years, remained a medium-sized urban area until the late 1970s. However, in the past decade, Hefei has undergone significant spatial expansion and economic growth. This paper examines the city’s development trajectory, achievements in socio-economic and spatial growth, and the challenges it faces in the future. Urban researchers have largely overlooked cities in central China; thus, this study aims to enrich the literature in this field, providing readers with a deeper understanding of the urbanization and industrialization efforts in a typical emerging inland city in China.
Research on the Planning Strategy of Child Friendly Commuting Pathways Based on Society Ecosystems Theory: A Case Study of Xicheng Community in Zhuhai
Authors: Chen Kang’en , Zhang Helan , Pan Yujuan , Xia Tao
Published: February 2025

The Society Ecosystems Theory reveals the importance of the influence of government departments, communities, schools, families, peers and other subjects on children, and can provide theoretical guidance and analytical frameworks for the explanation of children's learning behaviors and the construction of child friendly commuting pathways. Based on the review of the Society Ecosystems Theory, this paper optimizes the theoretical framework for the construction of child friendly commuting pathways and uses it to guide the practice of optimizing child friendly commuting pathways in the Xicheng community of Zhuhai. Four main strategies are adopted: to carry out the whole process of public participation with children as the core and parents as the linkage, so as to improve children's subjective initiative and parental participation; to carry out a series of traffic safety education activities with the community and school as the main body, so as to cultivate children's safety awareness; to take government departments as the leading role, to improve the physical environment of the pathway and to create an atmosphere of active access to the pathway; and to take the planner as the linkage to set up a platform for the communication of various system elements and to build consensus.
Construction of Mortality Rate Using Heligman Pollard Model
Authors: Sari Kurnia Novita , Arfan Nuraziza , Dzakiya Azizah , Rusli Jesslyn Gracsella
Published: February 2025

The idea of constructing a mortality table lies in reflecting the mortality changes of the member of the study population. This study proposed a construction of the mortality table for male and female participants using the Heligman Pollard model and was evaluated using the latest national mortality table published by BPJS Kesehatan Indonesia, Tabel Mortalitas Penduduk Indonesia 2023 (TMPI-23). This research used BPJS Kesehatan Indonesia data set, from 2018 to 2021. The methodology applied in this study includes calculating exposure and death counts at each age, determining the crude mortality rate under the Makeham law of mortality assumption, and fitting the result with Heligman Pollard model. Heligman Pollard is one of the graduation methods to capture different mortality patterns throughout entire life span. It has eight-parameter framework composed of three interval ages. The initial term represents the declining in mortality at childhood age. The middle term represents the peak at around age 23 as observed in many mortality tables. And the final term represents the exponential increase of mortality at adult age. The Heligman Pollard estimates then being evaluated using TMPI-23. The MSE values result of both male and female participants are 0.056 and 0.055 respectively.
Formation process and titanium strengthening mechanism of self-repairing graphite protective layer in blast furnace hearth
Authors: Deng Yong , Liu Ran , Wang Dequan , Yao Kuo , Liu Yanjun , Li Lihong , Wang Fusheng , Chen Jian
Published: February 2025

Self-repairing graphite protective layer has been discovered as a suitable protective layer in blast furnace (BF) hearth in recent years. In the current study, actual samples of self-repairing graphite protective layer taken from a commercial BF were analyzed in detail. The results revealed that the hot face of graphite protective layer exhibits a distinct white graphite luster, with large areas of graphite adhering to the surface. Along the direction of its formation, the sample displays a striped pattern with alternating layers. The graphite is strip-shaped, it is relatively coarse and unevenly distributed. The coarse graphite runs in the same direction, unlike graphite in molten iron which has no fixed direction in a chaotic state. The formation process of self-repairing graphite protective layer can be concluded, graphite precipitates at the interface through heterogeneous nucleation. Crystal nuclei often preferentially adhere to the surface of these impurities to form, owing to the fact that the nucleation energy of heterogeneous nucleation is lower than that of homogeneous nucleation. Titanium is discovered during the observation of microscopic morphology of graphite protective layer, graphite protective layer is more robust due to the strengthening effect of titanium. Titanium strengthening mechanism of self-repairing graphite protective layer is summarized, the strengthening mechanism can be divided into four steps. TiC particles are dispersed around graphite, which reduces the difficulty of the orientation of flake graphite growth. The presence of TiC increases the growth rate of crystals. The four steps are cyclically performed, so the self-repairing graphite protective layer can precipitate layer by layer through titanium strengthening mechanism, which serves to protect the carbon brick in BF hearth.
Leucocytozoon infections in tits (Aves, Paridae): blood and tissue stages investigated using an integrative approach
Authors: Gutiérrez-Liberato Germán Alfredo , Duc Mélanie , Eigirdas Vytautas , Chagas Carolina Romeiro Fernandes
Published: February 2025

Leucocytozoon species are cosmopolitan and prevalent avian parasites, with some infections being lethal, mainly due to the exo-erythrocytic development of the parasite in bird tissues. The patterns of exo-erythrocytic development in Leucocytozoon spp. infections in wild birds remain poorly studied. This study investigated the development of Leucocytozoon spp. tissue stages in tits (Paridae). Great tits (Parus major), Blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), and Coal tits (Periparus ater) were screened for infections using an integrative approach that consisted of microscopic analysis of thin blood smears, histological techniques, chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH), PCR-based methods, and phylogenetic analysis. In total, 41 individuals were analyzed (eight naturally infected that were selected and euthanized, and 33 found dead in the wild and opportunistically sampled). Among the naturally infected birds, all individuals that were microscopically positive for Leucocytozoon species were also PCR-positive for these parasites. Co-infections with Plasmodium spp. and Haemoproteus spp. were commonly found, mainly among the opportunistically sampled birds. Two morphotypes were identified, Leucocytozoon majoris (Laveran, 1902) and Leucocytozoon fringillinarum Woodcock, 1910. Tissue stages were present in three birds sampled exclusively during the non-breeding season, two of them with meronts developing in the kidneys and liver, and one individual with a megalomeront in the heart. All the exo-erythrocytic stages were confirmed to be Leucocytozoon spp. by CISH using a Leucocytozoon genus-specific probe. Phylogenetic analysis placed parasite lineages with different morphotypes in separate clades. The developmental patterns of exo-erythrocytic stages of Leucocytozoon spp. in naturally infected passerines are poorly understood, requiring further research.
Internationales Personalmanagement Teil 1: Pflegenotstand erfordert globale Lösungen
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: February 2025

Wegen des Pflegenotstands setzen einige Einrichtungen und Kliniken seit einiger Zeit auf die Anwerbung von Pflegekräften aus dem Ausland. Andere erkennen die Notwendigkeit erst jetzt. Internationale Pflegekräfte nehmen im Kampf gegen den Personalmangel hierzulande eine immer größere Rolle ein.
Klinikum Darmstadt: Millionenzuschüsse nötig
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: February 2025

“Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse ausgewählter Kliniken” + “kma Online Ausführliche Berichte lesen Sie jeden Monat auf kma Online unter www.kma-online.de/kassensturz”
Digitale Therapie: Virtual Reality vertreibt die Angst
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: February 2025

Virtual Reality (VR)-Technologie kommt in Krankenhäusern immer öfter zum Einsatz. Nicht nur in der medizinischen Diagnostik, sondern auch bei Anwendungen direkt am Patienten. Selbst die Psychotherapie nutzt ihr Potential, mit vielversprechenden Ergebnissen.
Nonlinear response of superconducting (YBCO) fractal microstrip resonators: Distributed current ABCD-matrix model
Authors: Kalenyuk O. A. , Futimsky S. I. , Shapovalov A. P.
Published: February 2025

In this work, we experimentally investigated the nonlinear microwave response of YBa2Cu3O7–x Hilbert fractal superconducting microstrip resonators with sharp and rounded corners. We developed a resonator model that incorporates a distributed current-dependent nonlinear propagation parameter, γ(I), and used the ABCD matrix method for numerical simulations. Our findings demonstrated that the nonlinear response of the resonators can be effectively modeled with a current-proportional propagation parameter, γ∼I. In addition, we observed a significant reduction in the nonlinear response when transitioning from sharp to rounded corners in the resonator design. This work provides valuable insights into improving the design of superconducting resonators by minimizing their nonlinearities, which is crucial for advancing applications in microwave and quantum technologies.
Reflectivity and reflexivity in qualitative research and scholarship
Authors: Sawyer Richard D. , Habibie Pejman
Published: February 2025

In this chapter, we first introduce four reflexive methodologies: autoethnography, duoethnography,
narrative inquiry, and currere. Although these four approaches vary, they all involve inquirers telling
stories about self and culture. Researchers working with these methodologies explore subjective yet socially situated,
personal yet relational, and discursive yet emancipatory questions and topics. Describing these methodologies, we refer both
to published accounts and literature and to specific chapters in this book. Central to these methodologies are the related
concepts of reflection and reflexivity. Given their multiple levels, reflection and reflexivity assume a range of profiles,
both individually and collectively. As a framework for “reading” reflection and reflexivity in this chapter, we consider the
following structure: (a) what they are, (b) how they are enacted and mobilized within inquiry, and (c) what they yield within
and from inquiry. Finally, we present an overview of the subsequent chapters in this volume.
Duoethnography
Authors: Sawyer Richard D. , Wright Shain
Published: February 2025

In this chapter we provide an overview of the inquiry method of duoethnography, highlighting its
evolution as a living, reflexive self-study methodology. We introduce duoethnography, present its tenets, and examine
its affordances and limitations. We give examples of how it facilitates researchers’ critical examination of knowledge
production and dissemination, as well as how their own positionality discursively frames the inquiry. Falling within a tradition of ethnographic research
practices, duoethnography draws from the work of diverse educational researchers, including Mikhail Bakhtin and William Pinar. Duoethnographers work in pairs (or occasionally trios), juxtaposing and intertwining
storytelling with story-listening in trans-conceptual (analysis and synthesis) and transtemporal (past, present, and
future) ways. It facilitates stratified, nested auto-autoethnographic accounts of a given research context or question
designed to emphasize the complex, reflexive and aesthetic aspects of the work in process and product. A goal of
duoethnography is researcher change and praxis, as well as self-understanding.
An autoethnography of migration, language, and power dynamics
Authors: Nik Ellie
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the influence of power structures and social imaginaries on my language
choices as a migrant residing in Australia and using English as a foreign language. The methodology adopted in this
chapter is critical autoethnography. It critically examines the phenomenon of English linguistic imperialism. Through
the sharing of personal narratives, the chapter highlights instances where I have observed power imbalances in my
everyday interactions as a migrant in Australia, prompting me to switch to English in the presence of others. By
delving into these experiences, this research sheds light on the complex dynamics of language use and the implications
of power differentials within a multicultural context. This chapter contributes to enhancing the understanding of
sociolinguistic challenges confronted by migrants and the influence of dominant language ideologies on their
linguistic practices. By providing insights that foster increased awareness and empathy, it offers a pathway towards
promoting a more inclusive and equitable language environment within multicultural societies.
RAB-10 cooperates with EHBP-1 to capture vesicular carriers during post-Golgi exocytic trafficking
Authors: Liu Shuai , Wei Jie , Zhong Liangyujie , Hai Sirao , Song Shibo , Xie Chaoyi , Huang Zeyu , Cheng Zihang , Zhang Jing , Du Anna , Zhang Pei , Yan Yanling , Shi Anbing
Published: February 2025

Post-Golgi exocytic trafficking, fundamental for secretion and cell surface component integration, remains incompletely understood at the molecular level. Here, we investigated this process using Caenorhabditis elegans and mammalian cell models, revealing a novel exocytic carrier capturing mechanism involving the small GTPase RAB-10/Rab10 and its effector EHBP-1/EHBP1. EHBP-1, localized in recycling endosomes, selectively captures RAB-10-positive lipoprotein exocytic carriers through its interaction with active RAB-10, thereby promoting the delivery of exocytic cargo to recycling endosomes. A detailed mechanistic examination demonstrated the synergy between EHBP-1’s RAB-10-binding coiled-coil domain and its PI(4,5)P2-binding C2 domain in the capturing process. Of note, we identified LST-6/DENND5 as a specialized guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RAB-10 in this particular pathway, distinct from the GEF involved in basolateral recycling. Following the RAB-10-EHBP-1-mediated capture, the exocyst complex carries out its function. Taken together, this study suggests a potential tethering mechanism for basolateral post-Golgi exocytic carriers, highlighting the coordination among membrane compartments in regulating this trafficking route.
Enhancing cardiomyocyte maturation through PEDOT:PSS-coated surfaces and mechanical stimulation with strain sensors
Authors: Kim Jongyun , Shanmugasundaram Arunkumar , Li Longlong , Qu Zhuji , Kim Eung-Sam , Lee Bong-Kee , Lee Dong-Weon
Published: February 2025

Drug-induced cardiac toxicity is a critical concern in drug development, often leading to unreliable results and potential drug withdrawal due to the lack of mature cardiomyocytes in screening assays. This study aimed to enhance cardiomyocyte maturation by combining structural and conductive stimuli, specifically using a Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) coated conductive PDMS membrane and a mechanical stimulation (MS) system. A 10% tensile strain at a frequency of 1 Hz was applied via a stepper motor controlled by an Arduino-based system, with real-time monitoring through an integrated strain sensor. The highly stretchable PEDOT:PSS strain sensor was incorporated into the well-placed surface to ensure precise mechanical stimulation. The functional well plate, featuring PEDOT:PSS-coated conductive microgrooves, was designed to align cardiomyocytes and promote the expression of maturation markers, including α-actinin and connexin43 (Cx43). Results showed that the combination of 10% mechanical strain and a conductive PEDOT:PSS surface significantly increased sarcomere length and Cx43 intensity compared to controls. This approach provides a more physiologically relevant environment for cardiomyocyte development, offering a more accurate model for assessing drug-induced cardiotoxicity in preclinical drug screening.
Response functions and giant monopole resonances for light to medium-mass nucleifrom the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model
Authors: Burrows Matthew , Baker Robert B , Bacca Sonia , Launey Kristina , Dytrych Tomáš , Langr Daniel
Published: February 2025

Using the \textit{ab initio} symmetry-adapted no-core shell model, we compute sum rules and response functions for light to medium-mass nuclei, starting from interactions that are derived in the chiral effective field theory. Specifically, we investigate electromagnetic transitions of monopole, dipole and quadrupole nature for $^4$He, and explore dominant features of giant monopole resonances in symmetric nuclei such as the closed-shell $^4$He and $^{16}$O light nuclei, the intermediate-mass open-shell $^{20}$Ne and the medium-mass closed-shell $^{40}$Ca. Furthermore, for the NNLO$_{\rm opt}$ chiral potential, we determine parameter-free monopole sum rules,which can provide information on the incompressibility of symmetric nuclear matter. We report $213(10)$ MeV as an estimate for the compression modulus for infinite nuclear matter, which overlaps with the lower range of values often used in current astrophysical applications.
Anomalous temperature dependence of spin-orbit coupling in Al2O3/SrTiO3 and Al2O3/KTaO3 heterostructures
Authors: Qin Zhu , Zhou Dingbang , Ma Xiao Rong , Lin Tie , Gao Kuang Hong
Published: February 2025

Perovskite oxide-based heterostructures exhibit a range of exotic physical properties such as two-dimensional superconductivity, interface magnetism, tunable Kondo effect, and tunable spin-orbit coupling. Here, the magnetotransport properties of Al2O3/SrTiO3 and Al2O3/KTaO3 heterostructures are studied. Both Kondo effect and spin-orbit coupling-induced weak antilocalization (WAL) effect are observed at low temperatures. By analyzing the WAL curves, the spin relaxation time is extracted. Surprisingly, the extracted spin relaxation time unexpectedly decreases on increasing temperature in all samples. This indicates that the strength of the spin-orbit coupling is progressively enhanced on increasing temperature, conflicting with theoretical prediction. This anomalous temperature dependence is explained by the interplay between the Kondo effect and the D’yakonov-Perel spin relaxation mechanism.
Enhanced control of surface wave transitions via trapped air film on multiscale structured surfaces
Authors: Xing Yan , Shen Tianshun , Tang Qing , Fu Qingfei , Yang Lijun , Dong Ruoyu
Published: February 2025

The control of the threshold for surface wave transition is a topic of great interest in both scientific and industrial communities. Traditional methods, like installing baffles, for suppressing surface waves often suffer from issues including increased system weight, lack of flexibility and universality, and problems with structural performance. This study utilizes micro/nanoscale surface modifications and millimeter scale slot structure design to trap air film to absorb vibration energy under liquid surface waves. We directly visualized the trapped air film and systematically examined how variations in slot width and depth influence the harmonic-to-subharmonic wave transition. The synchronized correlation between the transition thresholds and air film displacements at varying slot dimensions was established, indicating the significant role of trapped air in shaping the behavior of surface waves. We further discovered that as the liquid thickness increases, the role of the air film gradually weakens until it reaches a critical thickness. This research offers valuable insights into more efficient surface wave control methods, potentially enhancing the design and stability of precision systems in various industries.
Investigating gender bias in first year physics examinations
Authors: Gladys M J , Furst J E , Holdsworth J , Dastoor P C
Published: February 2025

The short answer section of the final attainment test for the Advanced Physics I course at the University of Newcastle, Australia was investigated for performance bias based on gender. No overall gender bias was discovered, however there was a small to medium bias for the thermal physics topic. No other topics showed any significant difference by gender. A categorization schema for short answer exam questions was developed and revealed a correlation that if questions contain a majority of categories from the schema then no bias will be observed. Bias observed in the Thermal physics topic may be due to a combination of word density and low visual language.
ChatGPT’s problem-solving abilities in context-rich and traditional physics problems
Authors: Horchani Ridha
Published: February 2025

This study explores the ability of ChatGPT in solving first-level physics textbook-style problems and context rich problems (CRPs). The findings reveal that while ChatGPT demonstrates proficiency in identifying relevant physics concepts and solving traditional problems, it faces challenges in handling CRPs which require accurate modelling and reasonable assumptions. These insights highlight both the potential and limitations of using ChatGPT in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics education, providing a foundation for future research into leveraging AI to support student learning and human–AI collaboration in addressing real-world challenges.
Determination of output correction factors in magnetic fields using two methods for two detectors at the central axis
Authors: Frick Stephan , Schneider Moritz , Thorwarth Daniela , Kapsch Ralf-Peter
Published: February 2025

Objective: Commissioning an MR-linac treatment planning system requires output correction factors, kB,QClin, for detectors to accurately measure the linac’s output at various field sizes. In this study, kB,QClin was determined at the central axis using two methods: one that combines the corrections for the influence of the magnetic field and the small field in a single factor (kB,QClin), and a second that isolates the magnetic field’s influence, allowing the use of output correction factors without a magnetic field, kQClin, from literature for determining kB,QClin.Approach: To determine kB,QClin and examine its behavior across different photon energies and magnetic flux densities B in small fields, measurements with an ionization chamber (0.07 cm³ sensitive volume) and a solid-state detector were carried out at an experimental facility for both approaches. Changes in absorbed dose to water with field size were determined via Monte Carlo simulations. To evaluate clinical applicability, additional measurements were conducted on a 1.5 T MR-linac. Main results:Both methods determined comparable kB,QClin results. For field sizes >3 x 3 cm2, B ranging from -1.5 to 1.5 T and photon energies of 6 and 8 MV, no change of kQClin as a function of the magnetic field was observed. Comparison with measurement results from the 1.5 T MR-linac confirm this. For ≤3 x 3 cm2, kB,QClin depends on photon energy and B. For 1.5 T and 6 MV, B reduces kQClin up to 3% for the ionization chamber and up to 7% for the solid-state detector.Significance:kB,QClin were successfully determined for two detectors, enabling their use at a 1.5 T MR-linac. For field sizes of >3 x 3 cm2, kB,QClin is one for most detectors suitable for small field dosimetry for all available perpendicular MR-linac systems, as confirmed in the literature. For these field sizes and detectors, the correction factor accounting for the dosimeter response change in the reference field due to the magnetic field, kB,Q, can be used for cross-calibration. Therefore, future research may only focus on small field sizes.
Electrically controlled focusing of de Broglie matter waves by Fresnel zone plate
Authors: Barman Sushanta , Bhattacharjee Sudeep
Published: February 2025

The evolution from classical optics to quantum matter wave optics has been influenced by transformative optical devices like Fresnel zone plates (FZP). This study investigates the focusing of helium atoms by an electrically biased FZP, made of chromium (Cr), using numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) with the split-step Fourier method. The nth opaque zone of an amplitude-type FZP is subject to electrostatic biasing using three methods: (i) Vn = V1
, where V1
is the biasing voltage applied to the central zone (n=1), (ii) Vn = V1 √n, and (iii) Vn = V1 sin (kEn), with kE
being the radial modulation factor in the biasing voltage. The effects of electrostatic biasing on the transmitted wave packet distribution, transmission coefficient (Tc
), focal length (f), size of the focused wave packet (σF
), and focusing efficiency (η) are analyzed. Results show that electrical biasing modulates diffractive focusing via induced polarization potential. Biasing with Vn = V1
reduces the wave packet transmission and focusing efficiency. Biasing with Vn = V1 √n enhances Tc
by ≈ 38%, f by ≈73.5%, and η from 6% to 20%. Biasing with Vn = V1 sin(kE n) offers better control, achieving a focusing efficiency of ≈ 10.5%. These findings suggest new methods for higher efficiency focusing of matter waves, with applications in helium microscopes, cold atom trapping, and high-precision atom lithography for quantum electronic devices.
Amorphous IGMO/IGZO heterojunction thin-film transistors with enhanced ultraviolet detection performance
Authors: Yao Jichun , Zhang Yiyu , Liu Xingzhao
Published: February 2025

Amorphous InGaZnO (IGZO) is a potential candidate for integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors (TFTs) owing to its low-temperature processability and high mobility. Amorphous InGaMgO/InGaZnO (IGMO/IGZO) heterojunction was deposited and TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction were fabricated in this report. The energy band at the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction was characterized, and the potential well at the interface of IGZO is critical to the enhanced ultraviolet detection of the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction. Furthermore, the TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction exhibited a high responsivity of 3.8 × 103 A/W and a large detectivity of 5.2 × 1014 Jones under 350 nm ultraviolet illumination, which will also benefit for fabrication of monolithic ultraviolet sensing chip.
Photophysical property of fluorescent guanine analogs for selectively recognizing acetylated cytosine: A theoretical study
Authors: Chen Xiaolin , Cui Xixi , Lyu Yongkang , Zhang Chenyang , Zhang Changzhe , Meng Qingtian
Published: February 2025

The photophysical properties of fluorescent nucleobase analogs play a crucial role in nucleic acids detection and the investigation of their structural and functional characteristics. In this study, we computationally designed a series of quasi-intrinsic fluorescent probes according to natural guanine (G) for selectively identifying covalent N4-acetylcytosine (4acC), a base that is highly correlated with active transcription and gene expression. This work aims to gain insight into the role of 4acC in biological regulation with minimal perturbation to the native DNA structure. The results indicate that these G-analogs possess extended π-conjugation in comparison with the natural guanine, which could yield efficient fluorescence emission and red-shifted absorption. Especially, the 8-thienyl-2’-deoxyguanosine (ThG) exhibits the highest fluorescence intensity and avoids self-absorption on account of the large Stokes shifts (>67 nm). What is more, the fluorescence of ThG is unaffected to base pairing with natural cytosine, while the obvious fluorescence quenching is observed by virtue of the excited state intermolecular charge transfer after pairing with 4acC, so it is supposed as a promising biosensor for monitoring the fluorescence changes in the absence or presence of the 4acC. Additionally, the impact of binding deoxyribose on photophysical properties is explored to guarantee the biological applicability of the bright G-analogs in real environment.