bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“The Days When Ideals Shined”: Journalistic nostalgia and the myth of golden age in China
Authors: Li Hongtao
Published: January 2017

This study explores Chinese journalists’ discursive practices of nostalgia in the context of transition and “crisis” of media and the journalism profession in order to understand how the journalistic community looks back and forward at such a historical juncture. I conduct a textual analysis of writings of nostalgia produced by journalists and media commentators in a wide range of settings: the commemoration of diseased journalists, resignation letters by former journalists, celebration of media organizations’ anniversaries, and reflections on scandals and crises in the media. The analysis reveals that golden ages emerging from such writings refer to the period of the press reform and the rise of market-oriented media in the mid-1990s and through the early 2000s. Within the interpretive community, the ideal of golden age is constructed to serve as a benchmark for critiquing the state of journalism, enhance the legitimacy of those journalists who embrace the new practices in the new media era, and chant a requiem for both the press reform and the decline of traditional media.
Chinese “Tongzhi” community, civil society, and online activism
Authors: Cao Jin , Guo Lei
Published: January 2017

This article discusses how LGBT activists in China employ different ICTs for their causes and the challenges that they face. The discussion is based on a review of relevant studies and some preliminary results from an ethnographic study of an LGBT organization Shen Lan in Tianjian, a major port city in northeastern China. The study suggests that in a heavily regulated political environment, many civil rights organizations such as the Shen Lan group takes a non-confrontational approach in their online and offline advocacy work, demonstrating a type of activism with Chinese characteristics.
Examining sexual offences through a sociological lens: A socio-cultural exploration of causal and desistance theories
Authors: Kyle Debbie
Published: January 2017

This article considers often contrasting theoretical approaches to sexual and non-sexual offending by comparing some influential accounts of the causes of sexual offending and examining the role of socio-cultural factors in the offending process. It also examines how desistance theories may be applied to this complex interaction between psychological factors and socio-cultural ones. The article concludes that there is a strong theoretical argument for substantial socio-cultural elements of sexual offending. It also argues that desistance theories may be applied for the same reason, but also because the causal and desistance process may be thought of as two separate processes. Moreover, and related to the second point, many criminological theories position offending behaviour not in the action that is considered a crime, but the fact that this action is a crime, meaning that both resistance to and desistance from sexual offending can be viewed in the context of general criminological theories.
Operationalising desistance through personalisation
Authors: Fox Chris , Marsh Caroline
Published: January 2017

This article reports on the early stages of a project to develop a model of offender rehabilitation that operationalises the concept of desistance. The concept of desistance is influential but operationalising it remains a challenge. The aim of this article is to assess whether personalisation of offender rehabilitation has potential as a mechanism for operationalising the concept of desistance. We identify learning from the design and implementation of personalisation in social care, but challenges include the roll out of personal budgets, developing a local market to support consumer choice and the limited evidence base on the effectiveness of personalisation. We specify a project to pilot personalisation in the English probation sector that tests concepts relating both to the design and commissioning of personalised services, including community capacity building to support the supply of personalised services at the local or even micro level. A project evaluation design is also outlined.
Graduate Students of Color
Authors: Brunsma David L. , Embrick David G. , Shin Jean H.
Published: January 2017

The graduate student experience, for many, can be a time of great stress, insecurity, and uncertainty. Overwhelmingly, studies verify that good mentoring is one of the best indicators of graduate student success. In this literature review, we outline in detail previous research that attest to these experiences, and pay specific attention to the experiences of students of color. In general, our read of the literature suggests that academia, in general, and sociology, in particular, does not do a good job of mentoring graduate students of color. We begin our essay with an overview of graduate student experiences. Next, we discuss the mentoring side of the equation, addressing reasons that might explain variations in how students are mentored in higher education. Finally, we end with some thoughts on what faculty and departments can do to address the inadequate mentoring of graduate students of color.
Guaranteeing women's rights: The UN Women's Convention
Authors: Tang Kwong-Leung , Tak-York Cheung Jacqueline
Published: January 2017

This article looks at the success and limitations of the UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women. The authors argue that one must not rely wholly on international agreement to promote women's rights. The Convention has a weak enforcement mechanism, and there have been problems in the implementation process. Some recommendations which touch on its supervisory and enforcement mechanisms are made and implications for social work practice are discussed.
Dilemmas in international and cross-cultural social work education
Authors: Nagy Géza , Falk Diane S
Published: January 2017

The authors summarize the dramatic impact that ongoing global processes are having on the social work profession. They review the literature on international and cross-cultural social work education, citing the rationales for and barriers to incorporating such content, and discussing models of introducing international content into social work education. They suggest the need for developing new approaches to bring international/cross-cultural perspectives and content into the mainstream of social work education, and to create more specialized professional programmes.
Visualized Part Manufacturing via an Online e-Service Platform on Web
Authors: Jiang Pingyu , Zhang Yingfeng
Published: January 2017

This paper describes an e-service platform to implement web-based online part manufacturing in the form of synchronously collaborative work. A Java solution is used for constructing the correspondent systematic architecture based on the three-tier browser/server mode. Under the support of this architecture, a working logic of the online part machining is presented. Furthermore, some of the key issues, including digitalizing a manufacturing facility, selecting a feasible manufacturer, queuing a manufacturing task, modeling and scheduling a manufacturing chain, visualizing the manufacturing process, and using the synchronously collaborative work environment, are described in detail. At the same time, discussions about the application range and the supplier involvement are given. Finally, appropriate conclusions are drawn.
Seven Theses on Global Society: A Review Essay
Authors: Benessaieh Afef
Published: January 2017

This article critically reviews the literature on global society through global, transnational and local lenses and suggests avenues for further research hitherto neglected in this literature. Accounts of local reactions to globalization are particularly important since this approach valorizes social actors' own understandings of and reactions to global discourses and agendas. I also emphasize the idea that prevailing wisdoms in this literature hold that globalization has expanded the horizon of possibilities for collective social action, without paying due attention to the constraints on social action at the local and the transnational levels.
A Viscoelastic Model for Predicting Isotropic Residual Stresses in Thermosetting Materials: Effects of Processing Parameters
Authors: Prasatya Patricia , McKenna Gregory B. , Simon Sindee L.
Published: January 2017

The isotropic residual stresses in a composite subjected to three-dimensional constraints are calculated by extending a thermo-viscoelastic model developed previously by Simon et al. [1] to describe the time, temperature, and conversion dependence of the shear modulus for a commercial thermosetting material during cure. Experimental residual stress data as a function of cure time are fit to obtain limiting values for the rubbery and glassy bulk moduli. The effects of cure history on isotropic residual stresses are then investigated via simulations using the bulk moduli, a model of the cure kinetics, the relationship beween T g and conversion, and the stress relaxation function obtained in the thermo-viscoelastic model which includes the dependence of the shift factor on temperature and conversion. The isotropic residual stresses at room temperature can be directly related to the cure temperature at which gelation occurred for cases when vitrification does not occur during cure.
Comparison of Comfort and Local Complications After Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Wang Shiow-Lan , Redeker Nancy S. , Moreyra Abel E. , Diamond Marie R.
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 4 hours of bed rest versus 6 hours of bed rest on patients' safety, comfort, and satisfaction levels. Using a quasi-experimental design, the authors studied 118 left-heart catheterization patients who were randomly assigned to 4 hours or 6 hours of bed rest. Among the study participants, only 1 in the 6-hour group had significant bleeding. There were no complications in the 4-hour group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on any of the other study variables. Given the lack of significant complications for the 4-hour group and similar comfort levels for both study groups, these findings suggest the feasibility of reducing the standard period of postcatheterization bed rest from 6 hours to 4 hours, thereby possibly lowering the cost of the outpatient procedure.
Association Between Autonomic and Motoric Systems in the Preterm Infant
Authors: Peters Kathrine L.
Published: January 2017

In the clinical setting, fetal and infant movement is used as an indicator of central nervous system and neurobehavioral developmental status. Current models of neurobehavioral development include the synactive theory of neonatal behavioral organization, which defines and describes the interaction between five subsystems. Results of testing synchronous interaction between two of those systems–the autonomic and motoric subsystems in preterm infants–are reported here.
HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Self-Esteem Among Adolescents
Authors: Oxley Gozil M.
Published: January 2017

The incidence of HIV/AIDS is rapidly increasing among adolescents and young adults with some studies linking sexual risk taking and self-esteem. A convenience sample of 39 ethnically diverse adolescents, ages 14-18, participated in a pilot study designed to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge and to build self-esteem. Adolescents selected from two centers in California completed the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and the Student Health Questionnaire (SHQ) before beginning and after completing a program of six 2-hour educational sessions. These sessions focused on HIV/AIDS knowledge and building self-esteem. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission increased by 20% from pretest to posttest. Practitioners addressing the needs of adolescents should focus on in-depth information regarding HIV/AIDS, especially in the area of prevention strategies and cultural factors influencing levels of self-esteem.
Impact of Comprehensive Nurse-Managed Transitional Care
Authors: Tappen Ruth M. , Hall Rosemary F. , Folden Susan L.
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of nurse-managed transitional care on the quality of care and functional ability of individuals following discharge from subacute units. Registered nurses employed on subacute units in a skilled nursing facility provided the nurse-managed transitional care. Using a quasi-experimental design, data were collected on admission to the subacute unit, at the time of discharge, 1 week following discharge, and 3 months following discharge on 242 treatment and comparison participants. The treatment group participants' overall function and quality of the care environment were significantly higher than the comparison group at 1 week and 3 months following discharge. Participants did not differ significantly on basic activities of daily living or number of readmissions.
Nursing Communication: Advocacy for the Patient or Physician?
Authors: Williams Carol A. , Gossett Monette T.
Published: January 2017

Communication among nurses, patients, and physicians is a key component of effective health care. In addition to communication with patients, nurses directly or indirectly influence physician-patient communications. This secondary analysis examined registered nurses' interactions with a simulated patient regarding what the physician had told the patient about the reason for hospitalization. Taped interviews (N = 86) were transcribed and content analyzed to classify nurses' approaches to assessment and intervention. The second researcher coded 10% of the transcripts to ensure satisfactory interrater consistency. Major patterns of nursing communication were the following: assessing what the physician had told the patient (85%), encouraging clarification with the physician (62%), encouraging a second opinion, and defending the physician's competence (9%). Findings support literature suggesting that nurses mediate and clarify communications between the patient and the physician. Patient advocacy was also illustrated; however, a small number of nurses advocated most clearly for the physician
Using Simulations and Standardized Patients in Intervention Research
Authors: Gates Donna M. , Fitzwater Evelyn , Telintelo Suzanne
Published: January 2017

Caregiving is both an art and a science; both knowledge and skills are necessary to improve the quality of care that professionals provide. Researchers are often limited in their assessment of skill performance due to inadequate and unrealistic measurement options. Simulation using standardized patients offers researchers an objective method to evaluate skill performance. This article describes the use of simulations by researchers in their quest to measure changes in violence prevention skills after an intervention program given to nurse assistants working in long-term care facilities.
Complete genome sequence of the heavy metal resistant bacterium Agromyces aureus AR33T and comparison with related Actinobacteria
Authors: Corretto Erika , Antonielli Livio , Sessitsch Angela , Compant Stéphane , Höfer Christoph , Puschenreiter Markus , Brader Günter
Published: January 2017

Agromyces aureus AR33T is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped and motile bacterium belonging to the Microbacteriaceae family in the phylum Actinobacteria that was isolated from a former zinc/lead mining and processing site in Austria. In this study, the whole genome was sequenced and assembled combining sequences obtained from Illumina MiSeq and Sanger sequencing. The assembly resulted in the complete genome sequence which is 4,373,124 bp long and has a GC content of 70.1%. Furthermore, we performed a comparative genomic analysis with other related organisms: 6 Agromyces spp., 4 Microbacteriaceae spp. and 2 other members of the class Actinobacteria.
Bondsmen, Servants, and Slaves: Social Hierarchies in the Heart of Seventeenth-Century North America
Authors: Milne George Edward
Published: January 2017

Between 1669 and 1686, René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle undertook several expeditions in North America. During his journeys, he relied on the services of numerous individuals who were under his control. Some were Indian slaves whom he exchanged like chattel during cross-cultural negotiations while other enslaved natives worked as guides, hunters, and interpreters. His European companions were also enmeshed in unequal relationships that ranged from contracted voyageurs to donnés who labored for Catholic missionaries. This article employs the records left by those who traveled with La Salle to reconstruct the varieties of bondage that they encountered in the heart of the continent.
The Quarrel of the Amateurs
Authors: Stiegler Bernard
Published: January 2017

In my third and final lecture, I consider the conflict opposing Denis Diderot to Anne-Claude-Philippe de Tubières, Count de Caylus, on the faculty of judging works. The contemporary critic Jean-Louis Jam has called this conflict “the quarrel of the amateur.” I examine how this conflict anticipates from the eighteenth century, but in a kind of reversal in advance, the ambiguous fate in which criticism decomposes into philistinism—and in which the cultivated philistine comes to be interested and circumspect, and to repeat, with a serious, portentous air, “This is interesting … this is interesting.” With Diderot and the Encyclopédie, the Amateur becomes a figure on which there weighs a suspicion that imposes itself first insofar as the amateur represents a privilege typical of the ancien régime. But it also weighs on the amatorat, the bourgeois class of amateurs, as we shall see with Roland Barthes, and precisely as this bourgeois class, as an amatorat that is both philistine and cultivated. As for us, the hermeneuts of the twenty-first century, all more or less philistinized perhaps, mystagogues, mystifiers, and mystified, no longer believing in either myths or their demystification, we know now that we have come to know a new, quite uncultivated philistinism, though believing itself quite cultivated, and rather worse than that of all those bourgeois: a philistinism proper to our own time, a “bobo” philistinism, getting its honey from the buzz.
Phylogeny, environment and sexual communication across the Drosophila genus
Authors: Jezovit Jacob A. , Levine Joel D. , Schneider Jonathan
Published: January 2017

Social behaviour emerges from the local environment but is constrained by the animal's life history and its evolutionary lineage. In this perspective, we consider the genus Drosophila and provide an overview of how these constraints can shape how individuals interact. Our focus is restricted to visual and chemical signals and how their use varies across species during courtship – currently the only social behaviour well-studied across many Drosophila species. We broadly categorize species into four climatic groups – cosmopolitan, tropical, temperate and arid – which serve as discussion points as we review comparative behavioural and physiological studies and relate them to the abiotic conditions of a species environment. We discuss how the physiological and behavioural differences among many fly species may reflect life history differences as much as, or even more than, differences in phylogeny. This perspective serves not only to summarize what has been studied across drosophilids, but also to identify questions and outline gaps in the literature worth pursuing for progressing the understanding of behavioural evolution in Drosophila.
The ecology and evolution of social behavior in microbes
Authors: Tarnita Corina E.
Published: January 2017

Cooperation has been studied extensively across the tree of life, from eusociality in insects to social behavior in humans, but it is only recently that a social dimension has been recognized and extensively explored for microbes. Research into microbial cooperation has accelerated dramatically and microbes have become a favorite system because of their fast evolution, their convenience as lab study systems and the opportunity for molecular investigations. However, the study of microbes also poses significant challenges, such as a lack of knowledge and an inaccessibility of the ecological context (used here to include both the abiotic and the biotic environment) under which the trait deemed cooperative has evolved and is maintained. I review the experimental and theoretical evidence in support of the limitations of the study of social behavior in microbes in the absence of an ecological context. I discuss both the need and the opportunities for experimental investigations that can inform a theoretical framework able to reframe the general questions of social behavior in a clear ecological context and to account for eco-evolutionary feedback.
Volumetry of the dominant intraprostatic tumour lesion: intersequence and interobserver differences on multiparametric MRI
Authors: Harvey Hugh , Orton Matthew R , Morgan Veronica A , Parker Chris , Dearnaley David , Fisher Cyril , deSouza Nandita M
Published: January 2017

Objective:

To establish the interobserver reproducibility of tumour volumetry on individual multiparametric (mp) prostate MRI sequences, validate measurements with histology and determine whether functional to morphological volume ratios reflect Gleason score.

Methods:

41 males with prostate cancer treated with prostatectomy (Cohort 1) or radical radiotherapy (Cohort 2), who had pre-treatment mpMRI [T  2 weighted (T2W) MRI, diffusion-weighted (DW)-MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI], were studied retrospectively. Dominant intraprostatic lesions (DIPLs) were manually delineated on each sequence and volumes were compared between observers (n = 40 analyzable) and with radical prostatectomy (n = 20). Volume ratios of DW-MRI and DCE-MRI to T2W MRI were documented and compared between Gleason grade 3 + 3, 3 + 4 and 4 + 3 or greater categories.

Results:

Limits of agreement of DIPL volumes between observers were: T2W MRI 0.9, −1.1 cm3, DW-MRI 1.3, −1.7 cm3 and DCE-MRI 0.74, −0.89 cm3. In Cohort 1, T2W volumes overestimated fixed specimen histological volumes (+33% Observer 1, +16% Observer 2); DW- and DCE-MRI underestimated histological volume, the latter markedly so (−32% Observer 1, −79% Observer 2). Differences between T2W, DW- and DCE-MRI volumes were significant (p < 10−8). The ratio of DW-MRI volume (73.9 ± 18.1% Observer 1, 72.5 ± 21.9% Observer 2) and DCE-MRI volume (42.6 ± 24.6% Observer 1, 34.3 ± 24.9% Observer 2) to T2W volume was significantly different (p < 10−8), but these volume ratios did not differ between the Gleason grades.

Conclusion:

The low variability of the DIPL volume on T2W MRI between Observers and agreement with histology indicates its suitability for delineation of gross tumour volume for radiotherapy planning. The volume of cellular tumour represented by DW-MRI is greater than the vascular (DCE) abnormality; ratios of both to T2W volume are independent of Gleason score.

Advances in knowledge:

(1) Manual volume measurement of tumour is reproducible within 1 cm3 between observers on all sequences, confirming suitability across observers for radiotherapy planning. (2) Volumes derived on T2W MRI most accurately represent in vivo lesion volumes. (3) The proportion of cellular (DW-MRI) or vascular (DCE-MRI) volume to morphological (T2W MRI) volume is not affected by Gleason score.
Mutations of EXOSC3/Rrp40p associated with neurological diseases impact ribosomal RNA processing functions of the exosome in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Gillespie Abby , Gabunilas Jason , Jen Joanna C. , Chanfreau Guillaume F.
Published: January 2017

The RNA exosome is a conserved multiprotein complex that achieves a large number of processive and degradative functions in eukaryotic cells. Recently, mutations have been mapped to the gene encoding one of the subunits of the exosome, EXOSC3 (yeast Rrp40p), which results in pontocerebellar hypoplasia with motor neuron degeneration in human patients. However, the molecular impact of these mutations in the pathology of these diseases is not well understood. To investigate the molecular consequences of mutations in EXOSC3 that lead to neurological diseases, we analyzed the effect of three of the mutations that affect conserved residues of EXOSC3/Rrp40p (G31A, G191C, and W238R; G8A, G148C, and W195R, respectively, in human and yeast) in S. cerevisiae. We show that the severity of the phenotypes of these mutations in yeast correlate with that of the disease in human patients, with the W195R mutant showing the strongest growth and RNA processing phenotypes. Furthermore, we show that these mutations affect more severely pre-ribosomal RNA processing functions of the exosome rather than other nuclear processing or surveillance functions. These results suggest that delayed or defective pre-rRNA processing might be the primary defect responsible for the pathologies detected in patients with mutations affecting EXOSC3 function in residues conserved throughout eukaryotes.
Cdc14 phosphatase directs centrosome re-duplication at the meiosis I to meiosis II transition in budding yeast
Authors: Fox Colette , Zou Juan , Rappsilber Juri , Marston Adele L.
Published: January 2017

Background

Gametes are generated through a specialized cell division called meiosis, in which ploidy is reduced by half because two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation, meiosis I and meiosis II, occur without intervening DNA replication. This contrasts with the mitotic cell cycle where DNA replication and chromosome segregation alternate to maintain the same ploidy. At the end of mitosis, CDKs are inactivated. This low CDK state in late mitosis/G1 allows for critical preparatory events for DNA replication and centrosome/spindle pole body (SPB) duplication. However, their execution is inhibited until S phase, where further preparatory events are also prevented. This “licensing” ensures that both the chromosomes and the centrosomes/SPBs replicate exactly once per cell cycle, thereby maintaining constant ploidy. Crucially, between meiosis I and meiosis II, centrosomes/SPBs must be re-licensed, but DNA re-replication must be avoided. In budding yeast, the Cdc14 protein phosphatase triggers CDK down regulation to promote exit from mitosis. Cdc14 also regulates the meiosis I to meiosis II transition, though its mode of action has remained unclear.

Methods

Fluorescence and electron microscopy was combined with proteomics to probe SPB duplication in cells with inactive or hyperactive Cdc14.

Results

We demonstrate that Cdc14 ensures two successive nuclear divisions by re-licensing SPBs at the meiosis I to meiosis II transition. We show that Cdc14 is asymmetrically enriched on a single SPB during anaphase I and provide evidence that this enrichment promotes SPB re-duplication. Cells with impaired Cdc14 activity fail to promote extension of the SPB half-bridge, the initial step in morphogenesis of a new SPB. Conversely, cells with hyper-active Cdc14 duplicate SPBs, but fail to induce their separation.

Conclusion

Our findings implicate reversal of key CDK-dependent phosphorylations in the differential licensing of cyclical events at the meiosis I to meiosis I transition.
The ethical and legal dilemmas paramedics face when managing a mental health patient
Authors: May Samantha
Published: January 2017

This article looks into the current difficulties many UK paramedics face when trying to manage patients presenting with a mental health condition in a safe and respectful manner; particularly when the patient requires some form of treatment but refuses this against medical advice. By utilising a reflective format, the article explores some of the laws surrounding treatment without consent and how these may aid or hinder a paramedics' ability to provide good quality care to patients in these situations. Confusions surrounding said laws have been extracted from the case report and discussed in more generic terms in order to be more readily applicable to other similar cases. In doing so, the article attempts to provide a clearer format of understanding of the laws and management of these situations, both for the benefit of future patients and the emergency services alike.
Please start listening to the experts
Authors: Trafford Bernard
Published: January 2017

Dr Bernard Trafford urges the government to adopt a new approach to education in 2017
COMPARISON OF PROPAGATION CHARACTERISTICS OF EXCITED STRESS WAVES IN PILE AND ANCHORAGE WITH BOLT SYSTEMS
Authors: Zeng Sheng , Zhang Jing , Sun Bing
Published: January 2017

Dynamic testing methods for pile systems and anchorage-with-bolt systems are similar andoften confused with each other, possibly resulting in incorrect assessment of the quality of the pileand the anchorage systems. The stress wave velocity is one of the most important parameters forevaluating the quality of dynamic tests. In this paper, the stress wave velocities in standardconcrete specimens of the free rock bolt and the different ages were a reference for comparing thestress wave velocities in a pile-and-anchor system. The tests were conducted using the low strainreflected wave method. Results indicate that the wave velocity in a pile is larger than that in thestandard samples, and that the wave velocity in an anchorage-with-bolt system is smaller than thatin a free steel bar, but larger than that in a pile and in standard samples. Wave velocities in the pileand in the standard samples were found to raise as the ages of samples increased. The wavevelocity in the anchorage-with-bolt system initially decreased as specimen age increased, butincreased with increasing specimen age afterward.
HISTORICAL PLASTER COMPOSITION DETECTION USING REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Matoušková Eva , Hůlková Martina , Šedina Jaroslav
Published: January 2017

Reflectance spectroscopy is a non-invasive method that is based on the fact that a specificobject/material provides various reflectances in different wavelengths across the spectral range. Itcan provide unique information regarding the material composition of the object of interest and hasbeen used in many fields in recent years. Determining composition of historical plaster is veryimportant when defining its individual components and possibly place of origin or even its age. Thisinformation can be a key issue for its future repairs that are desired to be done as similar to theoriginal method as possible.For a precise reflectance spectroscopy material detection, a fine spectral library is needed.Special mathematical methods are used for comparison of measured spectral curve with individualspectral curves stored in the used spectral library. The spectral analysis then shows similarity ofthe measured curve with the reference ones.This paper introduces results of the new plaster composition spectral library created byDepartment of Geomatics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Praguewithin the Czech Ministry of Culture Project (DF13P01OVV002). This spectral library has beentested on two historical plaster samples.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF SURCHARGE ON THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF GEOCELL REINFORCED RETAINING WALL
Authors: Song Fei , Chai Haibo , Zhao Jian , Yang Mingrui
Published: January 2017

Geocell reinforced retaining structure has been widely used in civil engineering for theprotection of slopes due to its advantages. In this paper, the effects of surcharge on the horizontaldisplacement of the wall back, the size of the sliding wedge and the factor of safety of geocellreinforced retaining wall are numerically analyzed by employing the geotechnical finite elementmethod software Plaxis. The research results show that, when the distance of surcharge from thewall face is small, the maximum and the minimum deformation of the wall back takes place nearthe top of the wall and the wall bottom respectively. After the distance of surcharge from the wallface exceeds about 13% of the wall height, the surcharge has little effect on the horizontaldeformation of the wall back, the size of the sliding wedge and the safety factor of geocellreinforced retaining wall. The horizontal deformation of the wall back gradually increases with theincrease of the length of the surcharge until it reaches a certain value. The effect of the length ofthe surcharge on the failure surface is not significant. Besides, the factor of safety of the wallgradually decreases with the increase of length of the surcharge. However, with the increase of thedistance of the surcharge from the wall face, the influence of the length of the surcharge on thesafety factor gradually becomes small. The study results can supplement theoretical basis for thedesign of geocell reinforced retaining walls in engineering practices.
Reductions and conservation laws for BBM and modified BBM equations
Authors: Khorshidi Maryam , Nadjafikhah Mehdi , Jafari Hossein , Al Qurashi Maysaa
Published: January 2017

In this paper, the classical Lie theory is applied to study the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (BBM) and modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equations (MBBM) to obtain their symmetries, invariant solutions, symmetry reductions and differential invariants. By observation of the the adjoint representation of Mentioned symmetry groups on their Lie algebras, we find the primary classification (optimal system) of their group-invariant solutions which provides new exact solutions to BBM and MBBM equations. Finally, conservation laws of the BBM and MBBM equations are presented. Some aspects of their symmetry properties are given too.
Minimization and Eulerian Formulation of
Differential Geormetry Based Nonpolar
Multiscale Solvation Models
Authors: Chen Zhan
Published: January 2017

In this work, the existence of a global minimizer for the previous Lagrangian formulation of nonpolar
solvation model proposed in [1] has been proved. One of the proofs involves a construction of a phase field
model that converges to the Lagrangian formulation. Moreover, an Eulerian formulation of nonpolar solvation
model is proposed and implemented under a similar parameterization scheme to that in [1]. By doing so,
the connection, similarity and difference between the Eulerian formulation and its Lagrangian counterpart
can be analyzed. It turns out that both of them have a great potential in solvation prediction for nonpolar
molecules, while their decompositions of attractive and repulsive parts are different. That indicates a distinction
between phase field models of solvation and our Eulerian formulation.
Plants adaptation to control nitrification process
in tropical region; case study with Acrocomia totai
and Brachiaria humidicola plants
Authors: Souri Mohammad Kazem
Published: January 2017

In this study we focused on nitrification inhibition
properties from tropical and subtropical plants; Acrocomia totai (palm tree) and Brachiaria humidicola (grass plant).
Hexane extracted seed oil as well as dry powder of seed covers was applied in a quick nitrification bioassay for 24 or 50 hours to investigate their effects on nitrification
process. Similarly B. humidicola shoot homogenates were applied in the same quick nitrification bioassay for their potential inhibitory effects on nitrification. Results showed
that seed oil as well as seed covers from A. totai were significantly inhibited the nitrification rates in the quick nitrification bioassay test compared to distilled water
control. In a separate experiment, it was found that shoots but not roots homogenates from B. humidicola grasses were efficiently retarded nitrification rates compared to
water control. Therefore, including these plant genotypes together with main crops (intercropping) or as alternative crops, could effectively reduce soil nitrification process
and leading to better Nutilization.
Synthesis and luminescence of some rare earth metal complexes
Authors: Bochkarev Mikhail N. , Pushkarev Anatoly P.
Published: January 2017

In the present paper the synthesis, photoand electroluminescent properties of new rare earth metal complexes prepared and studied at the Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry during the last decade are reviewed. The obtained compounds give luminescence in UV, visible and NIR regions. The substituted phenolates, naphtholates, mercaptobenzothiazolate, 8-oxyquinolinolate, polyfluorinated alcoholates and chalcogenophosphinates were used as ligands. The synthesis and structure of unusual three–nuclear sulfidenitride clusters of Nd and Dy are described. The new excitation mechanism of ytterbium phenolates and naphtholates, which includes the stage of reversible reduction of Yb to divalent state and oxidation of the ligands in the excitation process, is discussed.
Manipulation of colloids by optical and electrical control of disclination lines in liquid crystals
Authors: Kasyanyuk D. , Pagliusi P. , Mazzulla A. , Tomylko S. , Reshetnyak V. , Reznikov Yu. , Provenzano C. , Giocondo M. , Vasnetsov M. , Yaroshchuk O. , Cipparrone G.
Published: January 2017

We report two viable strategies to assemble and manipulate arrays of nano- and micro-particles by means of topological defects (TDs) in anisotropic fluids. Exploiting different boundary conditions, single TD, 1D arrays of TDs are tailored in liquid crystal twist cells. In a first approach, light-guided control of particles captured in disclination lines is demonstrated involving the use of a photosensitive chiral dopant within a nematic host. In the second one, an applied voltage enables a continuous displacement and deformation of the particles arrays. The reported results open up new possibilities for managing nano- and micro-metric objects over large distances.
Melanin-concentrating hormone in peripheral circulation in the human
Authors: Naufahu J , Alzaid F , Fiuza Brito M , Doslikova B , Valencia T , Cunliffe A , Murray J F
Published: January 2017

Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide with a well-characterised role in energy homeostasis and emergent roles in diverse physiologic functions such as arousal, mood and reproduction. Work to date has predominantly focused on its hypothalamic functions using animal models; however, little attention has been paid to its role in circulation in humans. The aims of this study were to (a) develop a radioimmunoassay for the detection of MCH in human plasma; (b) establish reference ranges for circulating MCH and (c) characterise the pattern of expression of circulating MCH in humans. A sensitive and specific RIA was developed and cross-validated by RP-HPLC and MS. The effective range was 19.5–1248 pg MCH/mL. Blood samples from 231 subjects were taken to establish a reference range of 19.5–55.4 pg/mL for fasting MCH concentrations. There were no significant differences between male and female fasting MCH concentrations; however, there were correlations between MCH concentrations and BMI in males and females with excess fat (P < 0.001 and P = 0.020) and between MCH concentrations and fat mass in females with excess fat (P = 0.038). Plasma MCH concentrations rose significantly after feeding in a group of older individuals (n = 50, males P = 0.006, females P = 0.023). There were no robust significant correlations between fasting or post-prandial MCH and resting metabolic rate, plasma glucose, insulin or leptin concentrations although there were correlations between circulating MCH and leptin concentrations in older individuals (P = 0.029). These results indicate that the role of circulating MCH may not be reflective of its regulatory hypothalamic role.
Cancer cachexia differentially regulates visceral adipose tissue turnover
Authors: Franco Felipe de Oliveira , Lopes Magno Alves , Henriques Felipe dos Santos , Neves Rodrigo Xavier das , Bianchi Filho Cesário , Batista Miguel Luiz
Published: January 2017

Cancer cachexia (CC) is a progressive metabolic syndrome that is marked by severe body weight loss. Metabolic disarrangement of fat tissues is a very early event in CC, followed by adipose tissue (AT) atrophy and remodelling. However, there is little information regarding the possible involvement of cellular turnover in this process. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the effect of CC on AT turnover and fibrosis of mesenteric (MEAT) and retroperitoneal (RPAT) adipose tissue depots as possible factors that contribute to AT atrophy. CC was induced by a subcutaneous injection of Walker tumour cells (2 × 107) in Wistar rats, and control animals received only saline. The experimental rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups: 0 days, 4 days, 7 days and 14 days after injection. AT turnover was analysed according to the Pref1/Adiponectin ratio of gene expression from the stromal vascular fraction and pro-apoptotic CASPASE3 and CASPASE9 from MEAT and RPAT. Fibrosis was verified according to the total collagen levels and expression of extracellular matrix genes. AT turnover was verified by measurements of lipolytic protein expression. We found that the Pref1/Adiponectin ratio was decreased in RPAT (81.85%, P < 0.05) with no changes in MEAT compared with the respective controls. CASPASE3 and CASPASE9 were activated on day 14 only in RPAT. Collagen was increased on day 7 in RPAT (127%) and MEAT (4.3-fold). The Collagen1A1, Collagen3A1, Mmp2 and Mmp9 mRNA levels were upregulated only in MEAT in CC. Lipid turnover was verified in RPAT and was not modified in CC. We concluded that the results suggest that CC affects RPAT cellular turnover, which may be determinant for RPAT atrophy.
Depressão e bem-estar subjetivo em crianças e adolescentes: teste de modelos teóricos
Authors: Baptista Makilim Nunes , Filho Nelson Hauck , Cardoso Cassandra
Published: January 2017

Embora sintomas de depressão e indicadores de bem-estar sejam tidos como teoricamente ortogonais, evidências sugerem, em contraste, uma correlação negativa entre eles. O presente estudo buscou testar diferentes modelos confirmatórios para explicar a relação entre sintomas depressivos e bem-estar subjetivo em crianças e adolescentes. Participaram 331 estudantes (M = 12,42 anos; DP = 1), que responderam ao Inventário de Depressão Infantil (CDI), à Escala Baptista de Depressão – versão infantojuvenil (EBADEP-IJ) e à Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo (EBES). O melhor ajuste ocorreu para um modelo bifator, em que indicadores relacionados à depressão carregaram positivamente em um fator geral, enquanto indicadores de bem-estar subjetivo carregaram negativamente, além de se conectarem positivamente a um fator específico de aspectos positivos. Os achados integram as perspectivas aparentemente excludentes de que a depressão e o bem-estar subjetivo são ou polos opostos de um contínuo, ou entidades independentes.
Pais encarcerados: narrativas de presos sobre a experiência da paternidade na prisão
Authors: Miranda Márcia Lepiani Angelini , Granato Tania Mara Marques
Published: January 2017

Considerando o expressivo crescimento da população prisional brasileira e o fato do encarceramento impactar não apenas o indivíduo preso, mas também seus familiares, investigamos a experiência paterna de 41 presidiários cumprindo pena em uma penitenciária paulista. Optamos por uma abordagem qualitativa que utiliza uma Narrativa Interativa, seguida de uma discussão em grupo, para explorar os sentidos afetivo-emocionais que a experiência da paternidade pode tomar na prisão. Os filhos figuram como incentivo à mudança de vida do preso, além de serem referidos como principal suporte emocional nesta condição de vulnerabilidade. Sentimentos de culpa, impotência e arrependimento marcam o relato dos participantes, além da preocupação com o futuro dos filhos. Relações conjugais conflituosas e exigências institucionais contribuem para a fragilização do vínculo pai-filhos. Os achados deste estudo sinalizam os potenciais benefícios que o fortalecimento dos vínculos familiares reverte para o bem estar dos filhos e a reintegração social do preso.
Woody species of the Miombo woodlands and geoxylic grasslands of the Cusseque area, south-central Angola
Authors: Revermann Rasmus , Gonçalves Francisco Maiato , Gomes Amândio Luis , Finckh Manfred
Published: January 2017

The species composition of the vegetation in most regions of Angola has been poorly studied and most studies date back to the pre-independence era. In this study, we provide a detailed account of the woody flora of the Miombo woodlands and geoxylic grasslands of the Cusseque study site of “The Future Okavango” (TFO) project, situated on the Angolan Central Plateau. The checklist is based on a vegetation survey using vegetation plots of 1,000 m² and also includes records from botanical collections made elsewhere at the study site. In total, we documented 154 woody species belonging to 99 genera of 37 plant families in 100 km². The study represents the first comprehensive account of the woody vegetation of the area including all habitats and growth forms.
Bart Barendregt, ed. 2014. Sonic Modernities in the Malay World: A History of Popular Music, Social Distinction and Novel Lifestyles (1930s–2000s)
Authors: Zubillaga-Pow Jun
Published: January 2017

Bart Barendregt, ed. 2014. Sonic Modernities in the Malay World: A History of Popular Music, Social Distinction and Novel Lifestyles (1930s–2000s). Leiden: Brill. 375pp. ISBN 978-9-00-425986-7 (hbk)
Manpool, the musical
Authors: Witts Richard
Published: January 2017

Since 2015 Liverpool has been designated a UNESCO ‘City of Music’. Not so its neighbour Manchester, which has nonetheless been hailed in the press as the ‘capital city of music’. They remain globally valued as two of the chief cities identified with the development of popular music in the second half of the twentieth century. As de-industrialised centres seeking new engines of growth, they have invested in these cultural reputations in order to attract for themselves tourists, university students, the conference trade and foreign business. Yet across the past decade numerous claims have been made in a range of journalistic outputs that Liverpool and Manchester are cultural rivals. These claims appear to be predicated principally on sport and music, key meeting points of commerce and leisure. There are certainly differences between the two conurbations – the industrial site of Manchester grew at the interstices of three rivers while Liverpool evolved as an Atlantic port. Yet the major transport initiatives in the area (the 1830 Manchester-Liverpool Railway, the 1894 Manchester Ship Canal, the 1934 East Lancs Road, the 1976 M62) were constructed in order to accelerate connections between the two cities. Most recently urban strategists such as Andreas Schulz-Baing have fused the diarchy by describing them as a potential polynuclear metropolitan zone, a megalopolis. From this the businessman Lord O’Neill has popularized the union as ‘Manpool’. Taking this as its cue to correct the music history of the ‘adversary’ cities, this chapter examines three diverse examples of musical figures associated with one city who played in vital, but forgotten, part in life of the other.
Hard floors, harsh sounds and the northern anti-festival
Authors: Trowell Ian
Published: January 2017

This article explores the history and context of the post-punk festival Futurama, inaugurated in 1979 within the cavernous, makeshift and disintegrating venue of Leeds Queens Hall, and running on an annual basis for five years. As a musical statement Futurama gathered the provincial post-punk micro-scenes that were congealing in many cities in the North and beyond, building upon a vaguely coherent common strand of moving beyond punk, by adding a sense of industrial angst and futuristic ambiguity. Futurama went against the grain. Large festivals emerging from the hippie and rock scenes had settled with events such as Glastonbury and Reading and catered for audiences within those scenes; however both punk/post-punk and the North became excluded from this culture. The article then documents the immediate post-punk environment as it grew in the (post-)industrial North through the lens of Futurama’s, with an emphasis on the problematic status of Leeds as a city trying to assert its own post-punk identity. The time of Futurama is then looked back on in both a hauntological context and a discussion of place (and buildings within place). The locations of the events and their staging as a kind of inversion of the open space and fresh-air ideology of festivals is considered within a framework of architectural other-directedness.