bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progesterone impregnated intra-vaginal device and timed artificial insemination (TAI) on fertility in repeat breeding Jersey crossbred cows
Authors: SARATH T , JOSEPH CECILIA , VEERAMANI P , JEYA J THANGA , CHEMMALAR S , PUGAZHARASI C , SURESHKUMAR R , GOPIKRISHNAN D
Published: December 2022

Out of 729 Jersey crossbred cows screened, 450 cows were identified as repeat breeders in 27 selected villages of Kanchipuram district in Tamil Nadu. All the cows were selected based on Body Condition Score (BCS) of more than 2.5 and on rectal examination with no palpable structural abnormality and free from infection. The selected cows were dewormed with Fenbendazole (Bolus Fentas) @ 3g once and supplemented with TANUVAS mineral mixture @ 30â€“50 g/day orally for one month. The selected animals were re-examined after one month to rule out early pregnancy and inserted with intra-vaginal device containing 958 mg of progesterone (TRIUB) as per standard procedure on day 0. The animals were given PGF2Î± (Inj. Pragma) @ 500 Î¼g on day 8 and TRIUB was removed on day 9 of insertion. Timed Artificial Insemination was done with Jersey crossbred frozen bull semen on day 11 and 12. Pregnancy was verified on day 45 after insemination using transrectal ultrasonography and 312 cows were found to be pregnant with a conception rate of 69.32%. Hence, the progesterone based intra-vaginal device for estrus synchronization programme was effective in improving the conception rate in repeat breeder crossbred cows.
Effect of supplementation of vitrification solution on post-thaw survivability rate of porcine follicular oocytes
Authors: KALITA KRISHNA , DEKA B C , BISWAS R K , BARUA P M , BORAH P , DUTTA D J , DAS S K
Published: December 2022

Oocytes (510) with two or more cumulus cell layers adhered to zona pellucida obtained by aspiration from follicles (2â€“8 mm dia) of 127 abattoir porcine ovaries were utilized to study the effect of supplementation of 0.5 M sucrose (Suc), 50 mg/ml polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and Suc + PVP into two different vitrification solutions, i.e. 35% concentration of both ethylene glycol (EG)+ propylene glycol (PG) and EG + dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). Vitrified post-thaw oocytes with intact zona pellucida and vitelline membrane, normal spherical shape and dark and evenly granulated cytoplasm under a stereo-zoom microscope were considered as viable. Out of the three supplements treatments, supplementation with sucrose + PVP combination and sucrose alone resulted in significantly higher mean post-thaw survivability rate of vitrified oocytes both for EG + PG and EG + DMSO as compared to the supplementation with PVP alone. It was concluded that addition of sucrose alone or in combination with PVP in vitrification solution, significantly improved survivability of vitrified porcine follicular oocytes.
Evolution of Th1 and Th2 biased cytokines in divergent species of animals
Authors: KAUR MANMEET , MUKHOPADHYAY CHANDRA SEKHAR , ARORA JASPREET SINGH , DHANOA JASDEEP KAUR
Published: December 2022

Proteins or peptides that play a major role in immune as well as inflammatory responses via activation and regulation of other cells and tissues are known as cytokines. Their role in mammals is well defined, with a vast number of publications describing the structure of cytokines and their role in health and disease. Total 22 full-length CDS (and corresponding peptide) of the domains were selected as representatives of each type of cytokine, belonging to divergent animal species, for the biocomputational analysis. The secondary and tertiary structure of the different cytokine (peptide sequence) domains was predicted to compare the relatedness among the domains under study. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree results indicated that IFN-gamma formed separate clusters for mammals, avian, and fish. In IL12, all were dispersed except Canis lupus and Sus scrofa. In IL13, chicken was completely dispersed from mammals and closely related to IL8 and TNF. These interleukins could have evolved independently from the respective ancestral sequences.
Genetic analysis of immunocompetence and growth performance in a selected strain of Rhode Island Red chicken
Authors: RAHIM ABDUL , KUMAR SANJEEV , DAS ANANTA KUMAR , DEBNATH JOWEL , KRISHNAN JAGADEESAN
Published: December 2022

This investigation was aimed to assess genetics of immunocompetence (IC) and growth performances in a selected strain of Rhode Island Red (RIR) chicken maintained at Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar. Five weeks aged pedigreed RIR chicks (265) were immunized against 1% (v/v) sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) suspension and 5th day post immunization (dpi) haemagglutination (HA) titre, serum lysozyme and immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were estimated. Data on these IC traits and body weights of different age groups were analyzed by least squares ANOVA taking sire as random, sex and IC levels as fixed effect in the linear model. Analysis revealed that sire had significant effect on serum IgG concentration, and both the sire and sex had also significant effect on body weights. The heritability estimates were 0.302±0.188, 0.516±0.22, 0.468±0.219, 0.302±0.188 and 0.344±0.21 for serum IgG, body weights at 16th, 20th, 40th and 64th week of age, respectively. The serum IgG concentration had moderate to high genetic correlations with the body weights of different age groups in positive trend. HA titre showed negative low phenotypic correlations with serum lysozyme and IgG concentrations. Birds with low serum IgG level had significantly the highest body weights at 40th and 64th week of age than those having medium or high levels. The results indicated that RIR birds' IC is sire-influenced and may also impact on birds' body weights.
Genetic diversity analysis of Ghurrah pig based on microsatellite markers
Authors: BORO PRASANTA , PATEL B H M , SAHOO NIHAR RANJAN , GAUR G K , DUTT TRIVENI , SINGH MUKESH , NAHA B C
Published: December 2022

For analysis of genetic variation within Ghurrah, the local pigs of Rohilkhand region was explored using 16 FAOISAG microsatellite markers with 40 genetically unrelated pigs from the native breeding tract. Genomic DNA was isolated and amplified with microsatellite primers labeled with fluorescent dyes and genotyped using genetic analyser. The estimates of various genetic diversity parameters revealed mean number of observed alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity values, polymorphic information content (PIC) and F-values to be 8.5Â±0.99, 4.78Â±0.57, 0.47Â±0.04 and 0.74Â±0.05, 0.74Â±0.04 and 0.38Â±0.03, respectively. The high PIC value suggested that all the microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic and suitable for molecular characterization of this pig. There was substantial genetic variation and polymorphism across the studied loci. There was absence of genetic bottleneck in the studied population. The medium inbreeding coefficient indicates a need to formulate the appropriate breeding strategies to enhance heterozygosity in the population.
Genetic variation in intronic region of GH1 gene and its potential as a marker for test day milk production traits in Holstein Friesian crossbred cattle
Authors: KOUR ANEET , CHAKRAVARTY A K , RAINA VARINDER SINGH , YOUSUF SALEEM , RATWAN POONAM , KARUTHADURAI T
Published: December 2022

The study was conducted to find out the genetic variability in intron 3 region of GH1 gene and to estimate its effect on test day milk production traits in Karan Fries (Holstein Friesian crossbred) cattle. PCR-RFLP using MspI revealed two genotypes, namely BB and AB with frequencies as 0.18 and 0.82, and the frequency of B and A alleles as 0.59 and 0.41, respectively. Season of calving was found significant only for test day (TD) fat yield of TD3, TD6 and TD10. High association was found between test day milk traits and average lactation milk yield from TD3 onwards. TD1 and TD5 were found to be good for selection of animals as TD milk yield increased by 1.9352 kg and 0.9271 kg, TD fat yield by 101.2 g and 10.6 g and TD SNF yield by 188.8 g and 93.7 g respectively. The genetic variability in the targeted region could be further explored as a potential marker.
Antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation status and expression of specific selenoprotein mRNA in Longissimus dorsi muscle of lambs (Ovies aries) supplemented with supranutritional selenium
Authors: NONGKHLAW S S , SUGANTHI R U , GHOSH J , MALIK P K , AWACHAT V B , KRISHNAMOORTHY P , PAL D T
Published: December 2022

Selenium is known to play a key role in maintenance of redox status of tissues, immunity, reproduction, thyroid and muscle functions. The present investigation was carried out to understand the effect of supranutritional dietary Se supplementation on antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation and expression of specific selenoprotein mRNA in Longissimus dorsi muscles of growing lambs. Twenty male lambs of 5â€“6 months of age were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.5, 1.5 or 4.5 ppm Se-yeast (organic Se) or without Se (control) for 90 days. The antioxidant capacity, lipid oxidation of meat during different days of storage and the mRNA expression of GPX1, GPX2, GPX3, TXNRD1, TXNRD3, DIO1, DIO2, DIO3, SEPP1, SEP15 and SEPW1 were studied in Longissimus dorsi muscles of sheep. The results indicated improvement in antioxidant status by supplementation of 1.5 and 4.5 ppm Se, and reduction in meat lipid oxidation status on day 0 without any further reduction after 3 and 7 days of storage in all the Se supplemented lambs. A selective change in expression of GPX2, GPX3, TXNRD1, DIO2, DIO3, SEPP1, SEP15 and SEPW1 mRNA was observed by supranutritional Se while GPX1, TXNRD3, DIO1 and expressions remained unaffected by supplementation. In conclusion, supranutritional Se supplementation in lambs increased antioxidant status, reduced lipid oxidation status with limited effect on oxidative stability of meat during storage and regulated Longissimus dorsi muscle selenoprotein mRNA expression differentially depending on the Se feeding levels. Our results thus provided new insights into the regulation of selenoprotein gene expression by supranutritional levels of dietary Se.
Effect of inorganic and organic trace minerals in diet on laying performance, egg quality and yolk mineral contents in broiler breeder hens
Authors: SABER SEYYED NAEIM , KUTLU HASAN RUSTU
Published: December 2022

Two hundred and twenty (20 male and 200 female) 39 weeks old Ross-308 broiler breeder hens were used in this experiment. Birds were placed in a complete randomized design with 4 dietary treatments (A: 100% inorganic, B: 50% organic + 50% inorganic, C: 50% organic, and D: 100% organic source of trace minerals) and 5 replications containing 1 male + 10 females in each having similar body weight and egg production. Results indicated that inclusion of organic and inorganic trace minerals in broiler breedersâ€™ diet did not have a significant effect on body weight change, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and egg production. However, the diets containing organic and/ or inorganic trace minerals had a significant effect on some egg quality parameters such as albumin weight (%), egg shell weight, yolk weight, yolk index, shell strength, shell thickness, and yolk colour. Inclusion of organic and inorganic trace minerals in broiler breedersâ€™ diet also affected yolk trace minerals content. It was concluded that egg quality and yolk trace minerals content in broiler breeders can be affected by source of trace minerals in diet.
Livestock produce and their disposal pattern in Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: AKAND AFZAL HOQUE , SINGH B P , CHANDER MAHESH , AHMED N
Published: December 2022

This study was carried out in a sample of 120 livestock farmers selected from four blocks belonging to two districts of Ladakh region in Jammu and Kashmir to ascertain the role played by livestock in terms of their produce, viz. milk, wool/fibre, live animal and their consumption pattern including income derived out of these animals. The study revealed the average milk production/family/day was much higher in all blocks and varied from 5.83 to 9.46 litres/day/ family except in Nyoma where the corresponding figure was merely 0.56 and accordingly the consumption and sale volume. Sheep wool and goat fibre (Pashmina) were the dominant product of farmers belonging to Nyoma block with an average production of 42.97 and 39.86 kg/family/ year respectively. Although all farmers slaughtered small ruminant during winter for self consumption, it was higher in Nyoma (3.87 family/year) than other blocks (about 1/ family/year). Similar was the case with respect to number of small animal sold/family/year which was highest in Nyoma (15.02) as compared to other block that ranged between 2.23 to 3.36 on average value. The average income earned from all livestock sourced was recorded highest in Nyoma block, i.e. ` 196,550, whereas the same recorded for other blocks were between ` 39,269 to ` 67,393.66. The study reveals that the livestock production and their product consumption entirely depends on production system including the composition of the herd they maintain. Therefore, the developmental approaches should be local specific to address the local issues. Parallel emphasis may also be directed towards the value addition and marketing of livestock produces to influence both nutritional and economic impact among the livestock farmers.
As consequências da pandemia do COVID-19 na ansiedade e depressão
Authors: Matheus Ribeiro Freitas Alves Matheus , Gerlany Freire Guimarães Brunna , Cavalcanti Lourdes Thalita Meyer de Andrade , Henrique Wanderley Silva Pedro , Martins de Almeida Luiza
Published: December 2022

RESUMO: Objetivo: Observar as consequências na ansiedade e depressão ocasionados pela pandemia do COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo foi transversal, descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado através de um questionário no banco de dados do Google Forms entre o período de setembro de 2021 até fevereiro de 2022. A divulgação da pesquisa foi através de redes sociais e QR-CODE do questionário fixado nos ambientes da Faculdade de Medicina de Olinda (FMO). Foram utilizados os Softwares STATA/SE 12.0 e o Excel 2010. Resultados: Foram avaliados 357 participantes, os quais, em sua maioria, encontra-se com sintomas depressivos como ‘Dificuldade para dormir’ e ‘Irritabilidade’. Em relação aos sintomas de ansiedade, a maior prevalência foi de ‘Problemas de sono’, ‘Dificuldade de concentração’ e ‘Fadiga’. Houve correlação da ansiedade e depressão com a Pandemia do COVID-19, expressando impacto direto no agravamento de sua condição e consequência funcional nas atividades diárias. Conclusão: Esse estudo verificou que reflexos negativos na saúde mental estão associados à Pandemia, identificando a alta prevalência e agravamento de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão nos participantes durante o contexto pandêmico.
Dijital Çağda Fotoğrafik İmge ve Sözün Düşüşü
Authors: ALDEMİR Ayşe
Published: December 2022

Günümüzde modern özne, gündelik hayatın akışı içerisinde hiç olmadığı kadar görsel kültürün ürünleriyle kuşatılmış haldedir. İfade, mitsel anlatımların ve yazılı dilin ekseninden başka bir kaynağa doğru çoktan evrilmiş bir konumdadır. Fotoğrafın, televizyon ve sinemanın ardından yeni medyayla birlikte, dünyanın ve modern öznenin bakışı tam anlamıyla imgelerle iç içe geçmiştir. Bu çalışma, dijital çağ olarak da nitelendirilen günümüz dünyasında görüntünün aşırı hâkim oluşuyla birlikte sözün düşüşünü özellikle Paul Virilio’nun “hızlandırılmış hakikat” kavramı ve modern zamana ilişkin düşünceleri bağlamında çözümleme deneyimidir. Görsel bir mecra olarak bireyin sözle olan ilişkisinin kaybını örnekleyen bir mecra olarak Instagram, Virilio’nun görüntünün karşısında sözün ortadan kalkıyor oluşuna dair dile getirdiği düşüncenin somut bir örneğidir. Instagram kullanıcılarının odak noktası, sözden oldukça uzak bir düzlemde, daha güzel, daha pürüzsüz ve daha çok like alan fotoğrafik imgeyi ortaya koyma çabasıdır. Bu bağlamda Instagram kullanımının en temelinde amaç, imgenin birtakım filtrelerle gerçekliğinden olabildiğince koparılarak, bakışın ayartılmasıdır. Çalışmanın amacı, görsel kültürün bir parçası olan fotoğrafik imgenin, sözlü-yazılı ürünlere olan ilgiyi ve soyutlama yeteneğinin azalmasına yol açmasını, estetik algılama ve derin düşünme üzerindeki yıkıcı etkisini kuramsal bir çerçevede ortaya koymaktır. Bu çalışmada çözümlemeyi örnekleme açısından, görsel kültürü temsil eden, etkili ve popüler bir fotoğraf paylaşım mecrası olarak Instagram özelinde eleştirel ve sorgulayıcı bir bakış benimsenmiştir.
Effects of Pain Localization and Duration on Disability and Quality of Life among Individuals with Neck Pain
Authors: CANDENİZ Şeyda
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify effects of pain characteristics on disability and quality of life.

Methods : 208 patients with non-specific neck pain diagnosis were included in the study. Patients’ resting, activity and sleep pain intensities were evaluated with Visual Analog Scale . Effects of demographic and clinical data on quality of life and pain were evaluated with Neck Disability Index, Short Form-36 and the Neck OutcOme Score. The data were analyzed in SPSS 11.5 Windows edition. Statistical significance level was accepted to be 0.05.

Results: As pain localizations expanded, individuals’ pain scores were higher while their scores of general health such as activities, participation and quality of life were found to be lower. Whereas individuals with chronic pain had higher pain scores, their scores of general health such as mobility, sleep disorder, social functionality and quality of life were found to be lower.

Conclusion: Neck pain duration and localization affect individuals’ quality of life and disability.
EL MÉTODO DE LA ETNOECOLOGÍA PARA EL ESTUDIO DEL DERECHO AMBIENTAL DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA LOCAL
Authors: Casazola Ccama Juan
Published: December 2022

La fundamentación de los indicadores existentes en la visión holística en las culturas altoandinas y su relación con la etnoecología puede contribuir a lograr una mejora en los trabajos ambientales. De esta manera se logrará refrescar los temas y enfoques metodológicos desde la perspectiva jurídica y servirá de herramienta de consulta para el abordaje de problemáticas que se presenten a estudiantes e investigadores en derecho ambiental. Al mismo tiempo, se pretende reconocer y visibilizar los saberes y prácticas que, en algunas culturas andinas, aún es potente y valioso, para los trabajos multidisciplinarios, en la perspectiva de la refundación de una sociedad mucho más amplia, con racionalidades plurales, sentidos colectivos, e identidades compartidas para la defensa de la Naturaleza.
PRINCIPALES FACTORES CONTAMINANTES DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE QUE INFLUYEN EN EL NACIMIENTO DE TRANSTORNOS MENTALES EN LA PERSONA
Authors: CALLI CHAIÑA BLADEMIR
Published: December 2022

Cada día la salud mental de la persona en las ciudades, indirectamente se exponen a los principales factores contaminantes: contaminación visual, contaminación de la calidad del aire, contaminación acústica, contaminación química y el cambio climático. El problema surge, en el daño irreparable a la salud mental que podría padecer el hombre, con algún tipo de trastorno mental, como ansiedad, cambio de conducta y estrés; no solo eso, también podría afectar al desarrollo cognitivo y producir insomnio, a consecuencia de estos factores contaminantes. En el presente artículo, se ha encontrado que los habitantes de la ciudad de Puno, tienen un mayor riesgo a padecer de algún trastorno mental.
’n Oorsig oor enkele digitiseringsprojekte in Afrikaans: ’n Vertrekpunt vir Afrikaans se digitale toekoms
Authors:   Noordwes-Universiteit, Wierenga Roné , Carstens WAM ,   Noordwes-Universiteit
Published: December 2022

Grootskaalse digitisering is ’n wêreldwye tendens van die huidige dekade. Ook in Suid-Afrika word al hoe meer digitiseringsprojekte van stapel gestuur. Hierdie artikel het ten doel om te rapporteer oor van die digitiseringsprojekte wat tans deur die Noordwes-Universiteit en die Virtuele Instituut vir Afrikaans (VivA) onderneem word. Hierdie projekte, naamlik die Digitale Bibliografie van die Afrikaanse Taalkunde, Digitale Bibliografie van die Afrikaanse Letterkunde, Historiese Korpus vir Vroeë Afrikaans (1675–1925) en die Argief vir Historiese Afrikaanse Bronne is slegs ’n spreekwoordelike druppel in die emmer met betrekking tot die digitisering van Afrikaans as taal. Dit sluit wel aan by ander bestaande digitiseringsprojekte wat onder meer deur die Wes-Kaapse Argief, universiteitsbiblioteke (soos die Universiteit van Pretoria, Universiteit Stellenbosch en Noordwes-Universiteit se biblioteke), NALN, SADiLaR en Nuuseum onderneem is. Die omvang en aard van hierdie projekte is egter nie altyd duidelik of bekend nie. Dié artikel dien as bekendstelling en ook vorderingsverslag aan persone en instansies wat ’n behoefte daaraan het om saam te werk aan die digitiseringsproses om sodoende gedeelde en afsonderlike uitkomste te bereik. Hierdie artikel het ten doel om die projekte wat hierin uiteengesit word, voor te stel as ’n moontlike vertrekpunt vir die ontwikkeling van soortgelyke digitiseringsprojekte in ander tale. ’n Aantal van die uitdagings wat in hierdie digitiseringsprojekte teëgekom is, word ook kortliks aangebied, omdat hierdie uitdagings ook vir ander tale hindernisse kan wees. Trefwoorde: argief; Argief vir Historiese Afrikaanse Bronne; Digitale Bibliografie van die Afrikaanse Letterkunde (DBAL); Digitale Bibliografie van die Afrikaanse Taalkunde (DBAT); Digitale Biblioteek vir Afrikaans; digitalisering; digitisering; Historiese Korpus vir Vroeë Afrikaans; korpus; Virtuele Instituut vir Afrikaans (VivA)
Die toekoms van Taiwan: strategiese realiteite en die kernwapenopsie
Authors:   Universiteit van die Vrystaat, Coetzee Eben
Published: December 2022

Daar word vandag wyd gevrees dat ’n Chinese inval in Taiwan op hande is. Sodanige vrese is allermins nuut, maar teen die agtergrond van toenemende Chinese aggressie in die Asies-Pasifiese en Indo-Pasifiese streke gedurende die afgelope dekade of wat het dié vrese al hoe meer uitgekring. Dié vrese is nie ongegrond nie. Vir etlike jare kon Taiwan egter troos vind in die feit dat die VSA – die onbetwisbare hegemoon in die post-Tweede Wêreldoorlog-era – Taiwan teen ’n Chinese inval kon beskerm (maar nie noodwendig sou nie). China was ’n swak en ontwikkelende land, terwyl die VSA (as die oënskynlike beskermheer van Taiwannese belange) ’n ekonomiese en militêre reus is. Dié wêreld bestaan nie meer nie. Vandag – en dit sal selfs des te meer in die toekoms die geval wees – beskik China oor die militêre slaankrag om Taiwan in te val (hoewel steeds teen ’n uiters hoë prys). Vir China is die kwessie van Taiwannese hereniging met die vasteland ononderhandelbaar. ’n Ekonomies en militêr sterker China enersyds, en ’n kwynende VSA andersyds, hou derhalwe bepaalde gevolge in vir die oorlewing en veiligheid van Taiwan. Die doel van hierdie artikel is om te wys op die uiters benarde buitelandse omgewing wat Taiwan in die gesig staar (vandag, maar selfs meer in die toekoms) en om oorweging te skenk aan die kernwapenopsie om Taiwannese oorlewing te verseker. Die primêre navorsingsvraag van die ondersoek is die volgende: Gegewe die uiters benarde buitelandse omgewing wat Taiwan in die gesig staar, watter strategiese roete sal beide doenlik én doeltreffend wees om dié land teen ’n Chinese aanval te beskerm? Dié vraag word deur twee bykomende vrae gerugsteun: Een, in welke mate sal konvensionele afskrikking doenlik en doeltreffend wees om Taiwannese veiligheid te verseker? En twee: Kan kernwapens Taiwannese veiligheid verseker én sal sodanige strategiese roete doenlik en doeltreffend wees? Die ondersoek word deur ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingsparadigma gerugsteun en maak van ’n geïntegreerde literatuurstudie gebruik. Aan die hand van ’n literatuurstudie van, enersyds, die strategiese magsbalans tussen China, die VSA en Taiwan en die stabiliserende uitwerking van kernwapens andersyds sal hierdie studie wys dat die kernwapenpad waarskynlik die enigste weg na Taiwannese oorlewing en veiligheid is. Trefwoorde: afskrikking; China; kernafskrikking; kernoorlog; kernwapens; konvensionele mag; realisme; Straat van Taiwan; Taiwan; VSA
Struikelblokke wat toesig deur opposisiepartye in die Suid-Afrikaanse parlement belemmer
Authors:   Akademia, Prins Jaco
Published: December 2022

Dit is duidelik uit die Suid-Afrikaanse geskiedenis van die afgelope 27 jaar dat die toesigrol in ons parlement tekortskiet. Oor die algemeen is die parlement veronderstel om toesig oor die kabinet te bied en dit sluit sowel opposisiepartye se lede van die parlement (LP’s) as die regerende party se LP’s in. Verder het opposisiepartye spesifiek die rol om deur die strukture van die parlement toesig oor die regerende party uit te oefen, maar dit kan met so ’n dominante meerderheidsparty soos die ANC slegs geskied met behulp van die ANC self. Dit is dan geen verrassing nie dat die grondwet se instansies erg verpolitiseer is en regstellende aksie ingespan word as ’n wapen om Suid-Afrika af te takel en te plooi na die wil van die ANC. Die enigste instelling wat sover staande kon bly is die parlementêre opposisie en die toesigrol wat dit verrig. Hierdie toesig is baie belangrik in enige regering, des te meer in ’n demokrasie. Demokrasie se kernwaarde is verteenwoordiging en gelykheid daarin. Demokrasie word juis hierdeur van outoritarisme onderskei: deurdat die verkose regering nie alleenreg op al die mag het nie, maar deur regulering (lees “toesig”) aan bande gelê word om sodoende toe te sien dat hulle die mense dien eerder as hulself. Omdat die regerende party in Suid-Afrika oor die meerderheid setels in die parlement beskik, word hierdie rol van toesig aan die opposisie oorgelaat en tans geweldig belemmer. Tog werk opposisiepartye baie hard om toesig en verantwoordbaarheid te bewerkstellig. Die opposisie was egter magteloos om die ANC se outoritêre oorname van die staat te stop. Ondanks hul geweldige pogings, bly die toesig wat hulle kan uitoefen minimaal. Hierdeur word die parlement gereduseer tot ’n instrument van die ANC, vir die uitvoering van sy ideologie en bemagtiging van sy elitekaders, ten koste van Suid-Afrika. Steeds word die opposisie toegelaat om te bestaan om ’n vorm van skynlegitimiteit te verkry. Die doel van die artikel is om te ondersoek wat die oorsprong van die oënskynlik oneffektiewe toesigrol binne die parlement is en wat die struikelblokke is wat opposisiepartye in hierdie verband ervaar. Struikelblokke het betrekking op verskeie van die idees en/of instellings wat die Suid-Afrikaanse staatsbestel definieer en in stand hou. Die ligpunt hier is dat opposisiepartye wel af en toe toesig en wetgewing uitgeoefen kry, maar dit is die uitsondering eerder as die reël. Die belangrikste bevindings van die artikel dui daarop dat die opposisie in die parlement ’n groter en belangriker rol as die regering speel om op te tree as die beskermer van die Suid-Afrikaanse grondwet en die burgers van die land. Trefwoorde: demokrasie; grondwet; legitimiteit; mislukte staat; toesig; opposisie; parlement; politiek; regstaat; staat; Suid-Afrika; wetgewer
Die koppeling tussen die Gordel-en-pad-inisiatief (GPI) en die Afrika-vryehandelsone (AVHS): ’n Teoretiese ontleding uit die politieke ekonomie van handel en streeksintegrasie
Authors:   Universiteit van die Vrystaat, Herman Fanie
Published: December 2022

In die Internasionale Politieke Ekonomie (IPE), van handel en streeksintegrasie is daar twee inisiatiewe wat tans uitstaan, China se Gordel-en-pad-inisiatief (GPI) en die Afrika-vryehandelsone (AVHS). Laasgenoemde staan in Engels bekend as die African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). Die GPI se oogmerk is om infrastruktuur te bou wat vervoer, energie en telekommunikasiestelsels kan verbind, terwyl die AVHS se oogmerk is om ’n kontinentale mark vir goedere, dienste en die vrye beweging van mense te skep. Die eerste deel van die artikel bespreek aspekte van die GPI en AVHS wat nodig is om konteks en agtergrond vir die doelwit te verskaf. Die artikel steun op teoretiese insigte uit die politieke ekonomie van handel en streeksintegrasie om die koppeling tussen die twee inisiatiewe te ontleed. Dit word in verskillende teoretiese subtemas bespreek. In dié verband word insigte uit ekonomiese streeksintegrasie, sekuriteitsvennootskappe, onderhandelingsmag, vergelykende voordeel, neoliberalisme, neofunksionalisme en konstruktivisme gebruik. Die artikel kyk ook na inhoudelike kwessies en kritieke aspekte wat die verband beïnvloed. Opmerklik van die GPI is die bou van infrastruktuur om die AVHS se doelwit van fisiese integrasie en die fasilitering van handel regoor die kontinent te bevorder. Aangesien die AVHS nog in die beginfase van implementering is en min empiriese bewyse bestaan, word ’n voorspellende benadering gevolg om die waarde van die teoretiese insigte te bepaal. Dit fokus op verwagtinge en moontlike resultate wat teoretiese insigte bied om die koppeling aan te dui. Vanuit China se perspektief kan die GPI voorsien in die behoeftes van Afrika se infrastruktuur en geleenthede skep vir die verhoging van handel tussen China en Afrika. Vanuit Afrika se perspektief is dit belangrik om die twee inisiatiewe te integreer vir die realisering van die AVHS se doelwitte en ook om handel met China te verhoog. ’n Positiewe bevinding is dat die twee inisiatiewe Afrika se ekonomiese vooruitsigte met die res van die wêreld verhoog en as voorbeeld dien vir die koppeling van infrastruktuur met handelsdoelwitte. Trefwoorde: Afrikamark; Afrika-vryehandelsone (AVHS); fasilitering van handel; Gordel-en-pad-inisiatief (GPI); streeksintegrasie; teoretiese insigte uit die politieke ekonomie van handel en streeksintegrasie
Verset teen ’n fallosentriese wêreld: ’n psigokritiese interpretasie van P.P. Fourie se ’n Hart is so groot soos ’n vuis as bildungsroman
Authors:   Universiteit van Suid-Afrika, Taljaard-Gilson Gerda
Published: December 2022

P.P. Fourie se debuutroman, ’n Hart is so groot soos ’n vuis (2021), besit verskeie eienskappe wat dié teks as bildungsroman kenmerk. Die bildungsroman se bemoeienis met die sentrale figuur se inisiasie tot volwassenheid, sy konstruksie van die eie “ek”, asook die trauma wat met identiteitsvorming gepaard gaan, maak hierdie romansoort ideaal vir psigoanalitiese ontleding. In hierdie artikel gaan ’n Hart is so groot soos ’n vuis psigokrities geïnterpreteer word deur gebruik te maak van beide Freudiaanse en Lacaniaanse psigoanalitiese teorieë. Die ek-verteller in Fourie se teks verset hom op Oedipale wyse nie slegs teen sy “kastrerende” pa wat hom en sy ma mishandel nie, maar ook teen verskeie ander patriargale instellings. Hy besef dat sy persoonlike ervaring van huishoudelike geweld uitkring na die groter sosiaal-politieke agtergrond waarteen sy lewensverhaal afspeel. Derhalwe kom hy in opstand teen die gesinspatriargie, teen die patriargie van geweld teenoor vroue en kinders, die apartheidspatriargie, die heteroseksuele patriargie, en die patriargie van die kerk. Wanneer die verskeie subtekste volgens die Lacaniaanse psigokritiek as die “onbewuste” van die teks nagespeur word, word dit duidelik dat die verteller hom ook verset teen die samehangende “manlike” teks, die taal van Lacan se Wet van die Vader, en die patriargie van die pa-as-skrywer. Die doel van hierdie artikel is dus om ’n Hart is so groot soos ’n vuis te interpreteer aan die hand van die psigoanalise, veral betreffende die skrywer se ondermyning van dit wat Klages (2006:118) “phallogocentric Western discourse” noem. Die volgende werkswyse sal in dié artikel gevolg word: Eers word ’n teoretiese oorsig van die psigokritiek gegee; dan word die Freudiaanse en Lacaniaanse psigokritiek se onderskeie opvattings oor die rol van die fallus met mekaar vergelyk; waarna daar na die bildungsroman gekyk word. Ten slotte word Fourie se teks psigokrities geïnterpreteer, en word afleidings daaruit gemaak. Trefwoorde: bildungsroman; fallosentries; Freudiaanse psigoanalise; kastrasiekompleks; Lacaniaanse psigoanalise; literatuurpsigologie; maternale taal; Oedipuskompleks; onbewuste; patriargale strukture; psigokritiek; reële orde; semiotiese taal; simboliese orde; spieëlfase; subteks; traumabelewenis; Wet van die Vader
Is ’n Bybelvertaling in Kaaps dalk tog nie vêrgesog nie? ’n Perspektief op taalontwikkeling binne die Afrikaanse variëteitebundel
Authors:   Wycliffe Bible Translation / Seed Company, Floor Sebastiaan
Published: December 2022

Die wêreldwye globaliseringsproses het in die afgelope paar dekades ’n nuwe verskynsel aan die lig gebring, naamlik lokalisering. Die herontdekking en ontwaking van plaaslike waardes, plaaslike kultuur, plaaslike identiteite, en dan ook plaaslike taalverskynsels, is aan die toeneem. Dit is daarom dan ook nie verrassend nie om die nuwe selfbewustheid van Kaaps en Gariepafrikaans (waaronder Namakwa en Griekwa) as niestandaardpraatvariante van Groter Afrikaans waar te neem in byvoorbeeld publikasies soos Kaaps in fokus (2016) en Ons kom van vêr (2016). Dit gee egter aanleiding tot die volgende vraag: Wat is die spesifieke verhouding tussen Standaardafrikaans en sy sogenaamde niestandaardpraatdialekte? Is hulle regtig dialekte? Indien nie, wat is hulle dan? Wat bedoel ons as ons praat van variante? In hierdie artikel gaan ek kyk na dialektologie en veral na die teorie van taalekologie, om die gesprek oor die aard en wese van die Afrikaanse variëteitebundel verder te voer en om veral te kyk na die onderlinge verhouding tussen die verskillende variante met betrekking tot taalontwikkeling. Vanuit die benadering van taalekologie probeer ek aantoon dat standaardisering nie noodwendig die uitsluitlike reg en voorreg van één variant hoef te wees nie, maar dat ruimte geskep kan word vir die ontwikkeling van die ander variante binne die taalbundel vir sovêr hulle sprekers dit wil neem. Daar is verskeie maniere om hierdie taalontwikkeling aan te pak. Een moontlikheid is om een of twee van die groter variante te ontwikkel en ’n status van sy eie te laat kry náás Standaardafrikaans. Dit is hier waar ’n moontlike Bybelvertaling in Kaaps dan dalk tog nie vêrgesog sal wees nie. Ek bespreek dan spesifiek die voordele en meganismes van ’n voorlopige orale Bybelvertaling in ’n aanvangsprojek wat ’n direkte aansluiting kan vind by die praattale binne die variëteitebundel. Trefwoorde: Afrikaans; Bybelvertaling; ekolinguistiek; Kaaps; sosiolinguistiek; taalkunde; taalontwikkeling; taalstandaardisering; taalvariëteite
Starting Analysis of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors 1000 kW by Variable Frequency Drive in Power System, Case study: Tabriz Pump station
Authors: Muhsin Mahmood Farhad , Rahnamaei Hashjin Mahdi
Published: December 2022

In petroleum industrial systems, analysis of power systems should be considered to exploit system reliability and prevent change in process performance during starting in equipment such as induction motors and industrial pumps. Medium-voltage induction motors are essential electrical machines in the oil, petrochemical, and process industries; therefore, the study of induction motors is an integral part of the analysis of power system. These motors are directly fed from the power grid and are exploited afterward. The starting current of induction motors is 5 to 7 times greater than the nominal current at the moment of starting until it reaches the nominal torque. This starting current will result in the motors and transformer and voltage drop in users' appliances connected to the electric grid to the extent that it might even cause a shutdown in the grid or not start the motor. It will also directly impact the power quality of the power system. For this reason, the starting voltage drop should not exceed 15% of the terminal voltage. In this paper, the starting of squirrel cage induction motors 1000kW by variable frequency drive in Tabriz pump station has been analysed by the ETAP 19.0.1 software.
MOCKUPS AS INNOVATIVE TOOLS FOR TEACHING GEOGRAPHY IN BAIXADA FLUMINENSE/RJ
Authors: Oliveira de Paula Jefferson , Dos Santos Clézio
Published: December 2022

Busca por meio desta pesquisa, apresentar os modelos como ferramentas didático-inovadoras para o ensino de Geografia na educação básica e a possibilidade deles como suporte e inclusão de deficientes visuais aos conteúdos de ciências geográficas: Krempacki (2015), Oliveira; Malanski (2008). Pretende através deste trabalho apresentar as diversas possibilidades de ensino de Geografia que podem ser realizadas através dos maquees: Basso; Krempacki (2015), Borges (2016), Nascimento et. al (2022), Souza; Paiva (2019) e Zózimo; Morais (2019). Mostrará a erradicação da separação dicotômica entre geografia física e humana, proporcionada pelos maquees: Castro; Serrão; Alves (2021, p.16); servindo como agente unificador não só na questão educacional, integrando pessoas com deficiência, mas também unificando a ciência geográfica. Será aludido, que os maquetes são uma ferramenta barata de construir: Santos (2021, p.02); que permite o reaproveitamento de materiais recicláveis: Borges (2016) e uma maior participação dos alunos nas aulas de geografia: Zózimo; Morais (2019). Ver-se-á que os maquetes são primordiais para materializar o conhecimento abstrato: Rodrigues (2012, p.1-2); que em muitos casos é quase inalcançável pelo aluno, quando o professor não consegue fazer a transposição didática; e que auxilia na compreensão de questões complexas: Silva; Araújo (2019). que em muitos casos é quase inalcançável pelo aluno, quando o professor não consegue fazer a transposição didática; e que auxilia na compreensão de questões complexas: Silva; Araújo (2019). que em muitos casos é quase inalcançável pelo aluno, quando o professor não consegue fazer a transposição didática; e que auxilia na compreensão de questões complexas: Silva; Araújo (2019).
THE COMMODIFICATION OF WATER AND ITS REBATES IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-INDUSTRY
Authors: Oliveira Nascimento Romeu , Barreto Santos Vinícius Henrique , Ribeiro de Oliveira Alberlene
Published: December 2022

Water is a natural and vital resource for all living beings. However, as everything in the capitalist production system is marketable, water is no exception to the rule and becomes inappropriately appropriated and, for the poorer classes, it has restricted use. In Brazil, there are multiple uses and conflicts of water, especially in regions with greater socioeconomic inequalities and climate implications, which reverberate in water scarcity, such as the Brazilian Northeast. In this sense, the present work aims to analyze the uses and conflicts of water in Brazil from the nature-society relationship and the repercussions of the capitalist mode of production through the unequal and market distribution of water, in addition to addressing the issue of water from integrated way, bringing human actions to the debate, as well as observing the correlation of water scarcity in the northeastern sertão region and whether this determines the access to water of the poor populations that live there. From this perspective, the procedures proposed for data collection and obtaining results were through bibliographic research. In the bibliographic research, authors such as: Ribeiro (2008), Júnior and Barros (2020), Machado and Torres (2012), Ferreira (2019), Silva (2016), among others who contributed to the theoretical basis were used.
SOILS AND EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES: STUDY FROM THE ARTICLES PRESENT IN THE AXIS TEACHING GEOGRAPHY IN THE BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM OF APPLIED PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY (SBGFA) 2019
Authors: Luan Giarola Lucas , Uesso Martins Bianca , Juscélia de Oliveira Souza Carla
Published: December 2022

This text refers to the results of scientific initiation research that continued the analyses and discussions that have been held since 2014, in a research entitled "Teaching Geography at the Brazilian Symposium on Applied Physical Geography: study of contents and geographical and pedagogical approaches from 2003". In this work, the specific objective is to evaluate the geographic approach and knowledge of Soil present among the articles of the event, as well as the didactic-pedagogical references presented. It is understood as important and necessary to discuss the relationship between society and nature in the scope of school geography, especially the discussion of this physical-natural component and its appropriation and use, capable of configuring different landscapes and territories. The documentary and exploratory research follows the methodology of content analysis, which includes several readings of each text, identification of categories, analysis of soil approaches and conceptions and proposed practices. Despite the perceived search for the break with patterns of a traditional teaching, it was found that the approach of the theme in the works remains, to a large ly, academicist and more focused on the understanding of the Soil as an isolated and disconnected element of space. More than 70% of the studies discuss the soil issue from regional and global scales, disregarding the geography of the student and, consequently, the search for a more significant soil geographic education. In addition to this aspect, less than 50% of the studies present important conceptions in geography practices, such as the definition of procedural and value contents and the presence of constructivist approaches to teaching.
EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES FOR THE PREVENTION AND MITIGATION OF WILDFIRE RISKS IN THE CITY OF CAMPO GRANDE-MS, BRAZIL
Authors: Garcia Oliveira Bianca , Socorro da Anunciação Vicentina
Published: December 2022

Socio-environmental problems, such as burnings, wildfires and hotspots represent a risk to the ecosystem because of their consequences for all forms of life in the biotic environment, and the main cause has been due anthropic action. Thus, this research aims to analyze the general issue of risk to wildfires with public basic education in the city of Campo Grande-MS, Brazil, and as specific objectives: to raise the main local public policies on fires and propose the construction of a pedagogical paradidactic resource aimed at collaborating with the thematic approach that can be used in formal and non-formal educational institutions. In this sense, this study intends to approach and discuss phenomena related to wildfires, fires and hotspots that pose a risk to the environment and human health through geographic education. The National Policy for Protection and Civil Defense points out the need to adopt measures aimed at reducing disaster risks and the Common National Curriculum in the discipline Geography in the thematic unit called nature, environment and quality of life ensures the approach thematic of fires in the teaching of this curricular component. However, it is still necessary to approach the theme in order to problematize the environmental issue, converging to changes in attitude towards the facts.
PRACTICES RELATED TO PHYSICAL-NATURAL THEMES IN GEOGRAPHIC EDUCATION USING VIRTUAL GLOBES
Authors: Tavares da Silva Julia , Bedaque Barbosa Caio , Collischonn Erika
Published: December 2022

The article addresses Information and Communication Technologies as a resource for mediating the learning process in pandemic times. The objective is to present Google company tools (Earth Pro, Maps, MyMaps) and their potential for teaching geography regarding physical-natural themes. The work commences with an analysis of the document named “Base Nacional Comum Curricular para o Ensino Fundamental”, focusing on the organic and progressive set of essential learning that geography must develop throughout Basic Education. It is followed by some references in the matter of   geotechnologies contributions to the learning process. Subsequently, it presents some propositions created and tested using geotechnologies as a stimulus to spatial thinking applied to some units that cover and structure the school of Geography: World and work (Transformation of natural and anthropic landscapes); Forms of representation and spatial thinking; Nature, environments and quality of life. It is concluded that in the period of adaptation of the learning process experienced during the COVID-19 Pandemic, these tools were a strategic resource in the training process of geography teachers.
EVALUATION OF VULNERABILITY TO SOIL LOSS IN THE ESPINHO STREAM SUB-BASIN, MUNICIPALITY OF MORRINHOS, CEARÁ, BRAZIL
Authors: Frank Soares Francisco , Costa de Oliveira Ulisses , ERNANE CORTEZ LIMA , Bezerra de Sousa Elnatan
Published: December 2022

The present work aims to identify the different degrees of vulnerability to soil loss in the Espinho stream sub-basin, municipality of Morrinhos, Ceará, Brazil. For this, it was used as a methodology the construction of a geographic database with the help of the QGIS software version 3.16-Hanover, from the criteria Geology (G), Slope (D), Pedology (S), Use and Coverage (U ) and Climate (C). Four classes of vulnerability to erosive processes were identified in the sub-basin. The results showed that the classes with predominance of pedogenetic processes accounted for 34% of the sub-basin area. The one whose processes represent balance between pedogenesis and morphogenesis was 64%. The class where morphogenetic processes prevail totaled 2% of the studied area.
THE CHALLENGES TO ACHIEVE INCLUSIVE AND QUALITY EDUCATION IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF COSTA RICA – MS, BRAZIL
Authors: Cordova Tatiane , Socorro da Anunciação Vicentina
Published: December 2022

The economic, political, social and cultural transformations in the present time enter the classroom, bringing to light some instruments to be incorporated in pedagogical practices, emphasizing the perspective of overcoming the “knowing by heart” prevalence to transmitting knowledge to a more versatile student. It is known that the teacher is an indispensable element in the development of learning, proposing a dynamic theoretical understanding. This requires planning and articulation of the relationship between school and student, establishing connections with the context lived outside and inside the classroom by all social actors. An asymmetrical perspective to neoliberal rationality and high-risk capitalism, promoting a critical look in the perspective of stimulating actions in a world going through transformations, with fair and solidary relationships, emphasizing exchanges of opinions and learning in the service of those in social vulnerability, converting them into a point of action aimed at transformation. In this context, this study sought to emphasize the process of scientific literacy in Geography through the application of a case study with geography teachers and students from Elementary School II in the reality of the Municipality of Costa Rica – MS, Brazil; and in this way stimulate the teaching and learning process that contributes to the internalization of meaningful learning for the student, breaking the ideology of the survival entrepreneur.