bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fetal therapy for congenital diaphragmatic hernia: past, present and future
Authors: Abbasi Nimrah , Mieghem Tim Van , Ryan Greg
Published: September 2024

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) affects 1/2500-5000 infants and is associated with significant neonatal morbidity and mortality related to pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. Current estimates of perinatal mortality are between 30-40%. With advances in neonatal and surgical management and now improvements in prenatal diagnosis and intervention, further reduction in mortality is anticipated. Data from the international Tracheal Occlusion to Accelerate Lung Growth (TOTAL) trials, have demonstrated the efficacy of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) in severe left CDH (LCDH). Although promising, this intervention also has potential for significant morbidity related to prematurity and iatrogenic mortality if reversal of tracheal occlusion is unsuccessful. The implementation of FETO must proceed cautiously within Level III fetal therapy centers and with rigorous outcomes monitoring of centers offering this therapy, ensuring that they are experienced in antenatal severity assessment of CDH, FETO insertion and removal and are integrated with expert, standardized neonatal CDH centers with availability of Extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Further research is needed to better understand the impact of prematurity on FETO survivors, the role of FETO in moderate LCDH, Right CDH (RCDH) and non-isolated CDH in carefully selected circumstances as well as the development of alternative, less invasive, fetal therapies that can specifically target both pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension.
Changes in muscle cross-sectional area during two menstrual cycles may not be exclusively attributed to resistance training
Authors: Dias Nathalia F. , Bergamasco João G. A. , Scarpelli Maíra C. , Silva Deivid G. , Chaves Talisson S. , Bittencourt Diego , Medalha Ricardo A. , Carello Filho Paulo C. , De Souza Eduardo O. , Ugrinowitsch Carlos , Libardi Cleiton A.
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the impact of menstrual cycle (MC) phases and resistance training (RT) on muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in two MCs utilizing a within-subject design. Twenty women with regular MCs had their legs randomly allocated to either the control (CON) or RT condition, which included 16 training sessions over two MCs. CSA, estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4) were assessed during the menstruation (M), ovulation (O), and luteal (L) phases in the first (M1, O1, L1) and second (M2, O2, L2) MCs and at the beginning of the third MC (M3). P4 values were significantly higher during the luteal phase than during menstruation ( P < 0.0001) and ovulation ( P < 0.0001). No significant differences in E2 concentrations were observed between the MC phases ( P = 0.08). For the RT condition, the CSA showed significant increases at O2, L2, and M3 compared to baseline (M1) (all P < 0.0001). No significant changes were observed for the CON condition during the two MCs ( P > 0.05). However, RT condition showed a significant change in average CSA across two MCs. Additionally, individual analyses revealed that 19 participants showed variation in CSA above or below the minimum detectable difference during the two MCs. These findings suggest that changes in muscle CSA observed during two MCs may not be exclusively attributed to RT.
Temperature ratio RT = TL/TH of fully accelerated complementary fragments (used for TXE partition) obtained independently of prompt emission model calculations
Authors: Tudora Anabella , Gogita Paul
Published: September 2024

Several refined prompt emission model codes, nowadays employed, use the partition of total excitation energy (TXE) according to the temperature ratio RT = TL/TH of fully accelerated fragments. In such codes RT is given as input, either as an unique value for all fragmentations or as a function of AH; This temperature ratio RT being obtained by fitting the experimental ν(A) data with the respective prompt emission model code. This paper proposes a method for obtaining “experimental RT(AH)” (also based on experimental ν(A)), but without resorting to prompt emission model calculations for the fit of ν(A) data. So that this is an independent method providing RT(AH) which can be employed by any prompt emission model code in which the TXE partition is done at the full acceleration according to RT given as input. A procedure which facilitates the parameterization of RT(AH) is proposed, too. A prediction of the RT(AH) shape at very high excitation energies of the fissioning nucleus is also reported. The comparison of RT(AH) ratios obtained from any TXE partition based on modeling at scission with those provided by the present method can constitute a supplementary validation of the respective modeling at scission.
Simple braids tend toward positive entropy
Authors: Robitaille Luke , Trinh Minh-Tâm Quang
Published: September 2024

A simple braid is a positive braid that can be drawn so that any two strands cross at most once. We prove that as [Formula: see text], the proportion of simple braids on [Formula: see text] strands that have positive topological entropy tends toward 100%. Notably, such braids are either pseudo-Anosov or reducible with a pseudo-Anosov component. Our proof involves a method of reduction from simple braids to non-simple three-strand braids that may be of independent interest.
Witten–Reshetikhin–Turaev invariants and indefinite false theta functions for plumbing indefinite H-graphs
Authors: Murakami Yuya
Published: September 2024

Gukov–Pei–Putrov–Vafa conjectured the existence of [Formula: see text]-series whose radial limits are Witten–Reshetikhin–Turaev invariants and called them homological blocks. For weakly negative definite plumbed 3-manifolds, Gukov–Pei–Putrov–Vafa and Gukov–Manolescu constructed homological blocks. In this paper, we construct indefinite false theta functions which are candidates of homological blocks for some plumbed [Formula: see text]-manifolds which are not weakly negative definite. Moreover we prove that, for the Poincaré homology sphere, our indefinite false theta function coincides with the original homological block.
Structural Damage Identification Based on Multi-Head Convolutional Neural Network and Improved Beluga Whale Optimization Considering Ambient Temperature
Authors: Gu Jianfeng , Wu Dawei , Yang Hongyin , Mao Xiongyao , Yang Yuhou , Sun Chang
Published: September 2024

Accurately structural damage identification remains a significant challenge due to dynamic response fluctuations caused by temperature variations. To address this problem, a novel two-stage damage identification method based on Multi-head Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) and Improved Beluga Whale Optimization Algorithm (IBWO) is proposed to precisely predict temperatures, localize the damage, and quantify damage severity. First, the MCNN is exploited to forecast the ambient temperature and detect the number of damaged locations. The predicted values are then fed into an iterative optimization process of the IBWO to identify the damage location and severity. Finally, numerical models of simply supported beams and a 3-storey bookshelf structure are employed to verify the effectiveness and robustness of this method under measurement noises. Results demonstrate that the two-stage diagnosis method can accurately identify both single and multiple damages under varying ambient temperatures. The comparison study with two other state-of-the-art methods also demonstrates the superior performance of the two-stage method in damage localization and quantification.
A Convex Combination-Based Approach for Uncertain Static Responses of Structures Subjected to Fuzzy External Loadings
Authors: Behera Diptiranjan , Chakraverty S.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the uncertain static responses of structures under fuzzy external loadings are investigated using the fuzzy finite element approach. External loads are represented as fuzzy values in this study, although material and geometric properties are regarded as precise. Accordingly, the obtained governing static equilibrium equations is a fuzzy system of linear equations with crisp coefficients, fuzzy unknowns, and a fuzzy right-hand side vector. To solve this fuzzy system, a novel method based on the concept of convex combinations is proposed. The method leverages convex combinations after converting the fuzzy system into an analogous interval form in order to produce a crisp system representation. To obtain the ultimate solution, the resulting crisp systems are solved for two distinct parametric values of the convex combination together. The work examines a mathematical example in addition to actual examples such as an 8-bar truss, a fixed-fixed beam, and a uniform rectangular sheet subjected to external loads. The results are validated by comparing the obtained results with existing techniques.
Numerical Assessment of MHD Tri-Hybrid Nanoparticles by Tangent Hyperbolic Model with Chemical Reaction: Thermodynamic Analysis
Authors: Faizan M. , Ali F. , Shaiq S. , Muhammad Taseer , Ali Ishtiaq , Gul Taza
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the influence of magneto-tangent hyperbolic nanofluid on the flow of a tri-hybrid nanoliquid consisting of [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] particles suspended in [Formula: see text]. The entropy production is encountered in this analysis. The fluid flows over a stretch sheet is considered. In addition, the energy equation also assumes the existence of a uniform heat source or sink and thermal radiation. Furthermore, the concentration equation emphasizes the chemical reaction. The current proposed model yields a set of nonlinear governing equations. The modeled formulation is transformed into a dimensionless system through the application of a suitable alteration. The complex nonlinear equation system was solved using the bvp4c through numerical methods. The main motive of this exploration is to emphasize the rate of heat and mass transfer in a flow of [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]-based hybrid nanofluid across a stretch sheet. The graphical study illustrates that Weissenberg number and magnetic field enhancement result in decreasing the velocity. But thermal layer, entropy production, and Bejan number are enhanced with larger values of Weissenberg number and magnetic field. This study focuses on different profiles with various flow parameters. Furthermore, we have compared the tri-hybrid nanofluid with the hybrid and mono nanofluid in all the figures and tabular format. Additionally, we have compared tri-hybrid, hybrid, and mono nanofluid using graphs for velocity, temperature, concentration, entropy production, and Bejan number.
Some approximate inversion formulas for the Whittaker multiplier operators
Authors: Soltani Fethi
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we define and study the multiplier operators [Formula: see text] associated with the Whittaker operator [Formula: see text], and we introduce and study the extremal function [Formula: see text]. We deduce some approximate inversion formulas for the operators [Formula: see text], in the Whittaker–Sobolev space [Formula: see text], and in Whittaker–Paley–Wiener space [Formula: see text], respectively.
Carboxy Methyl Cellulose-based Gel Containing Nanoliposomes Loaded with Chilli Pepper and Ginger Extracts as a Novel Topical Anti-obesity Formulation
Authors: Zarneshan Seyede Nazanin , Jallilian Saba , Alvandi Hosna , Arkan Elham , Aghaz Faranak
Published: September 2024

Introduction: An important worldwide health concern that has an adverse effect on both people and societies is obesity. It may result in diseases linked to obesity, a lower standard of living, or even death. Therefore, there is a pressing need for more advanced and novel drug delivery techniques, such as topical therapy, to treat obesity. However, there are several obstacles to overcome, including low molecular weight, high lipophilicity, limited efficacy, and skin irritation. It seems that nanoliposomes (NLPs) are a nearly ideal drug-carrier system. They are thought to be the best delivery vehicles for physiologically active substances, both in vitro and in vivo, due to their advantages in biology and technology. Material and Method: Carboxy methyl cellulose-based gel containing NLPs loaded with chilli pepper and ginger extracts (CMC-gel containing Chi/G-NLPs) has been studied. The NLPs containing the extracts are synthesized using a thin layer hydration and ultrasound method. Then nanocarrier’s physicochemical properties, drug loading capacity, and rate of release are evaluated. Results: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential (ZP), in vitro release profile, and in vitro skin absorption assays verify the optimal physicochemical characteristics, 30% in vitro skin absorption and slow control in vitro release behavior. Conclusion: When considered collectively, our findings supported the idea that using Chi/G-NLPs in a CMC-gel will optimize its effectiveness as an innovative topical therapy for obesity.
Self-Triggered Control for Small Unmanned Aerial Rotorcrafts Based on Hierarchical Strategy
Authors: Wang Chenyang , Wan Haiying , Tian Yingqiang , Luan Xiaoli , Liu Fei
Published: September 2024

Small unmanned aerial rotorcrafts (SUARs) have garnered widespread attention in recent years due to their applications in various fields such as aerial photography, surveillance, search and rescue, and agriculture, with particular emphasis on the control issues associated with these rotorcrafts. Central to the discourse surrounding SUARs is the nuanced investigation of control methodologies pertinent to their operational dynamics. This paper contributes to this discourse by presenting a hierarchical-based self-triggered controller design approach for SUARs, aiming to reduce communication resource usage while ensuring system stability. The proposed hierarchical framework intends to optimize the self-triggered control structure wherein the upper layer serves as the trigger layer for triggering interval calculation and the lower layer as the control layer for determining control inputs. Within this hierarchical framework, a cyclic iterative solution method is introduced. After setting an initial inter-execution interval at the upper layer, the lower layer controller optimizes the specified performance index for the given triggering interval time domain to calculate the optimal control input, which is then fed back to the upper layer trigger for computing the next maximum triggering interval while ensuring system stability. Simulation results on the SUARs model validate the effectiveness and superiority of this method.
A discontinuity roughness parameter combined with shear failure mechanism and its correlation with JRC
Authors: Li Hu , Cai Yi , Shen Huazhang , Cai Guojun , Cai Yongxiang , Huang Houxu , Li Qi
Published: September 2024

Previous studies have noted variations in the effective value of the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) under different normal loads. Also, the apparent dip angle (ADA) distribution is one of the important characteristics of discontinuity morphology. In this study, the parameter PAP* is proposed by simultaneously considering the normal load (

σ

) and the ADA distribution parameter (
K
) to correct PAP (the projection area percentage), where PAP is a parameter obtained by calculating the ratio of the projected area of all potential contact parts of a discontinuity on a plane perpendicular to the shear direction to the horizontal projected area of the whole discontinuity. Additionally, the parameters PAP′ and PAP″ are separately proposed by considering only

σ

or only
K
to correct PAP, and their roughness evaluation effects are analysed. The results show the following: (1) the correlation coefficients (
R
) of PAP* with JRC are in the range of 0.924–0.967, which are significantly stronger than those of several other parameters with JRC; (2) the normal load significantly affects the roughness evaluation results, where the results refer to the effective value of JRC of discontinuities; (3) there is a correlation between the parameter
K
and roughness evaluation results under low normal loads (such as 0.5 or 1 MPa).
Do Social Media Platforms Have Free Speech Rights to ‘Censor’ Conservatives?
Authors: Samuelson Pamela
Published: September 2024

Can states force social media platforms to stop removing lawful-but-awful postings?
Gouty Tophi Surrounding the Nonabsorbable Sutures of an Achilles Tendon Repair Surgical Site: A Case Report
Authors: Brandon Arcole , Rella Robert , Cox Tanner , Mullens Jess
Published: September 2024

The formation of gouty tophi surrounding the prior surgical site years after an Achilles tendon repair is an extremely rare presentation for which only three previous cases have been documented in the literature. In this case, we report the presentation of a 53‐year‐old male who had an Achilles tendon repair two and a half years prior and no clinical history of gout, yet during the necessary revision procedure of his Achilles tendon, he was found to have gouty tophi surrounding the nonabsorbable sutures used during his initial surgical repair. This case presentation and the three prior ones all involve the use of nonabsorbable sutures, and these sutures may potentially serve as a nidus for the formation of gouty tophi years after a surgical procedure, even in patients who do not have a clinical history of gout. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this rare clinical presentation as potential sequelae include infectious processes and the need for revision procedures.
Table 2 from NCI’s Proteomic Data Commons: A Cloud-Based Proteomics Repository Empowering Comprehensive Cancer Analysis through Cross-Referencing with Genomic and Imaging Data
Authors: Thangudu Ratna R. , Holck Michael , Singhal Deepak , Pilozzi Alexander , Edwards Nathan , Rudnick Paul A. , Domagalski Marcin J. , Chilappagari Padmini , Ma Lei , Xin Yi , Le Toan , Nyce Kristen , Chaudhary Rekha , Ketchum Karen A. , Maurais Aaron , Connolly Brian , Riffle Michael , Chambers Matthew C. , MacLean Brendan , MacCoss Michael J. , McGarvey Peter B. , Basu Anand , Otridge John , Casas-Silva Esmeralda , Venkatachari Sudha , Rodriguez Henry , Zhang Xu
Published: September 2024

Documentation resources in the PDC
Figure 3 from NCI’s Proteomic Data Commons: A Cloud-Based Proteomics Repository Empowering Comprehensive Cancer Analysis through Cross-Referencing with Genomic and Imaging Data
Authors: Thangudu Ratna R. , Holck Michael , Singhal Deepak , Pilozzi Alexander , Edwards Nathan , Rudnick Paul A. , Domagalski Marcin J. , Chilappagari Padmini , Ma Lei , Xin Yi , Le Toan , Nyce Kristen , Chaudhary Rekha , Ketchum Karen A. , Maurais Aaron , Connolly Brian , Riffle Michael , Chambers Matthew C. , MacLean Brendan , MacCoss Michael J. , McGarvey Peter B. , Basu Anand , Otridge John , Casas-Silva Esmeralda , Venkatachari Sudha , Rodriguez Henry , Zhang Xu
Published: September 2024

Cross referencing to genomic and imaging resources for individual cases. Example of cross-referencing (A) on the Clinical tab of PDC’s Explore page; B, on the Clinical tab and External References section of PDC study summary pages.
Figure 2 from NCI’s Proteomic Data Commons: A Cloud-Based Proteomics Repository Empowering Comprehensive Cancer Analysis through Cross-Referencing with Genomic and Imaging Data
Authors: Thangudu Ratna R. , Holck Michael , Singhal Deepak , Pilozzi Alexander , Edwards Nathan , Rudnick Paul A. , Domagalski Marcin J. , Chilappagari Padmini , Ma Lei , Xin Yi , Le Toan , Nyce Kristen , Chaudhary Rekha , Ketchum Karen A. , Maurais Aaron , Connolly Brian , Riffle Michael , Chambers Matthew C. , MacLean Brendan , MacCoss Michael J. , McGarvey Peter B. , Basu Anand , Otridge John , Casas-Silva Esmeralda , Venkatachari Sudha , Rodriguez Henry , Zhang Xu
Published: September 2024

PDC study summary page offering a comprehensive overview of both data and metadata.
eHealth and mHealth in Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs
Authors: Tuon Felipe Francisco , Zequinao Tiago , da Silva Marcelo Silva , Silva Kleber Oliveira
Published: September 2024

Background: The global need for rapid diagnostic methods for pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is underscored by the increasing bacterial resistance and limited therapeutic options, especially critical in sepsis management. Summary: This review examines the aspects of the eHealth and mHealth in Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) to improve the treatment of infections and rational use of antimicrobials. Key Messages: The evolution from traditional phenotype-based methods to rapid molecular and mass spectrometry techniques has significantly decreased result turnaround times, improving patient outcomes. Despite advancements, the complex decision-making in antimicrobial therapy often exceeds the capacity of many clinicians, highlighting the importance of ASPs. These programs, integrating mHealth and eHealth, leverage technology to enhance healthcare services and patient outcomes, particularly in remote or resource-limited settings. However, the application of such technologies in antimicrobial management remains underexplored in hospitals. The development of platforms combining antimicrobial prescription data with pharmacotherapeutic algorithms and laboratory integration can significantly reduce costs and improve hospitalization times and mortality rates.
Public complaint tweet data feature analysis for sentiment classification
Authors: Rasywir Errissya , Pratama Yovi , Irawan Irawan , Istoningtyas Marrylinteri
Published: September 2024

The perception of the public regarding a government's performance significantly impacts a city's advancement. This research involved analyzing complaint tweets from Jambi City residents directed at the government to gauge sentiment. In the testing phase, 500 Twitter accounts were examined to categorize sentiment as positive, negative, or neutral. Training data was prepared by extracting tokens through feature selection techniques such as information gain (IG) and mutual information (MI). For testing, all tokens are entered as data in the input layer in the recurrent neural network (RNN). From the tests carried out, the average use of feature selection can achieve a good value compared to no feature selection. But more specifically the use of IG produces better accuracy compared to the use of MI. From the research conducted, Twitter data is classified using a RNN and several tests by adding feature selection to produce differences. The results are proven to improve classification performance. With a recall value of 92.243%, it shows the system's success rate in sentiment classification and a precision of 92% indicates a level of accuracy that is sufficient to support the government's sentiment assessment.
Enhanced multi-lingual Twitter sentiment analysis using hyperparameter tuning k-nearest neighbors
Authors: Nugroho Kristiawan , Winarno Edy , Setiadi De Rosal Ignatius Moses , Farooq Omar
Published: September 2024

Social media is a medium that is often used by someone to express themselves. These various problems on social media have encouraged research in sentiment analysis to become one of the most popular research fields. Various methods are used in sentiment analysis research, ranging from classic machine learning (ML) to deep learning. Researchers nowadays often use deep learning methods in sentiment analysis research because they have advantages in processing large amounts of data and providing high accuracy. However, deep learning also has limitations on the longer computational side due to the complexity of its network architecture. K-nearest neighbor (KNN) is a robust ML method but does not yet provide high-accuracy results in multi-lingual sentiment analysis research, so a hyperparameter tuning KNN approach is proposed. The results showed that using the proposed method, the accuracy level improved to 98.37%, and the classification error (CE) improved to 1.63%. The model performed better than other ML and even deep learning methods. The results of this study indicate that KNN using hyperparameter tuning is a method that contributes to the sentiment analysis classification model using the Twitter dataset.
Remote sensing in the analysis of the behavior of CO associated with confinement due to COVID-19, in the city of Manizales
Authors: Henao-Céspedes Vladimir , Garcés-Gómez Yeison Alberto , Cardona-Morales Oscar
Published: September 2024

This article analyzed the behavior of carbon monoxide (CO) levels in Manizales during pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown, as a response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The analysis focuses on the data of CO levels obtained from the tropospheric monitoring instrument (TROPOMI), precipitation, and temperature (T) recorded by the network of stations of Caldas. The data allowed us to find that during the lockdown, the average value of CO was 9.92% lower than the value registered before the lockdown, and it was 11.75% lower after the lockdown. On the other hand, the correlation between CO levels and population density during the three periods was analyzed, obtaining an 𝑅2 = 0.816 after lockdown. Finally, considering other possible variables that can affect the CO levels, an analysis of the behavior of CO was carried out concerning the temperature and precipitation of the city registered before, during, and after the lockdown. Regarding CO and temperature, the correlation was inverse with Pearson’s 𝑟 = −0.599 (Fisher’s 𝑧 = −0.692), which also supports the decreasing trend of the value measured, and that the variation of CO levels does not depend only on lockdown but also on other factors. Regarding CO and precipitation, a positive correlation of Pearson’s 𝑟 = 0.165 (Fisher’s 𝑧 = 0.167) was obtained.
Analysis of the power sector in Bangladesh: current trends, challenges, and future perspectives
Authors: Sarker Md Tanjil , Farid Fahmid Al , Alam Mohammed Jaber , Ramasamy Gobbi , Karim Hezerul Abdul , Mansor Sarina , Sadeque Md. Golam
Published: September 2024

Bangladesh’s economic development is largely dependent on the power sector, which promotes sustainability and growth. The country’s future energy security, however, is seriously threatened by the natural gas reserves running out by 2028. As a result, the current energy mix has to be modified right away to ensure Bangladesh’s sustained economic growth. This research paper offers a thorough analysis of Bangladesh’s power sector’s current state. With a focus on important metrics like installed capacity, electricity generation, and distribution infrastructure, the study seeks to provide insights into the sector’s opportunities, challenges, and strengths. The research highlighting the importance of energy security and forecasting the projected energy demand in Bangladesh. The study also looks at current projects and advancements that have shaped Bangladesh’s power industry. This research also provides an ideal energy option that supports Bangladesh's sustainable growth. This analysis offers significant insights into the dynamics of the power industry in Bangladesh, elucidating it is present trajectory, the challenges it encounters, and the potential avenues for achieving a more sustainable and resilient energy future.
Zinc oxide-coated fiber-optic sensors for monitoring of edible oil adulteration with internet of things integration
Authors: Haroon Hazura , Othman Siti Khadijah Idris@ , Razak Hanim Abdul , Zain Anis Suhaila Mohd , Salehuddin Fauziyah , Mukhtar Wan Maisarah
Published: September 2024

The study proposes a novel approach for detecting adulteration in edible oils utilising a zinc oxide (ZnO)-coated optical sensor. The procedure included the development of a sensor probe using a plastic optical fiber (POF) with a ZnO nanolayer deposition. The ZnO nanorods were applied to the surface of the POF via a hydrothermal process. The sensitivity and accuracy of uncoated and ZnO-coated POFs were compared, and it was discovered that the ZnO-coated POF was more sensitive to changes in the refractive index of the samples under testing. The study ascertained a correlation between the optical power and voltage of the sensor and the refractive index of the medium. As the adulterant concentration in the oil mixture increased, the refractive index of the medium altered. As a result, both the sensor’s output voltage and optical power decreased. Upon completion, it was discovered that the uncoated POF had a sensitivity of 0.073 V/%, whereas the ZnO-coated POF had a sensitivity of 0.085 V/%. These findings highlight the effectiveness of ZnO-coated optical sensors, as well as their potential integration into internet of things (IoT) platforms for monitoring adulteration in edible oils.
Applying genetic algorithm for optimizing return loss of proximity coupled microstrip antenna
Authors: Chemachema Karima , Ikhlef Ismahene
Published: September 2024

The proximity-coupled rectangular microstrip antenna (PRMSA) is optimized using the genetic algorithm (GA) to improve key parameters such as input impedance, return loss, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Fitness functions for the GA program have been developed using the transmission-line method (TLM) to analyze the PRMSA. The stochastic search capabilities of GA address electromagnetic characteristics that are challenging for other optimization techniques. In this study, GA optimization technique has been utilized for the PRMSA; this antenna is optimized for its parameters as length of the patch, thickness, width and length of strip line in order to achieve better return loss. According to the existing results for calculating S11, we arrived at the smallest and best value (-28 dB) using GA compared to previous works using other methods. Further analysis is provided on how various antenna parameters affect performance. The GA was executed for 100 generations, with the optimized results enhancing the antenna’s efficiency. The computed results closely match the experimental data, and the accuracy of these results supports the effectiveness of using GA.
Power loss estimation utilizing the flexibility of peak power loss regression equations based on 11 kV base case feeder
Authors: Masdzarif Nur Diana Izzani , Ibrahim Khairul Anwar , Gan Chin Kim , Au Mau Teng
Published: September 2024

Distribution network feeder characteristics can typically be divided into groups based on factors including length, load distribution along the feeder, peak demand, installed capacity, and load profile. By comparing the parameters to those of similar feeders with known losses, it is usually possible to predict the power losses and technical losses (TL) of the respective feeders pretty accurately. However, it is exceedingly difficult and time-consuming to estimate the losses with various variables and characteristics over such a large area. This paper proposed that through base case feeder modeling and simulation utilizing typical network and load data, feeders’ peak power loss (PPL) functions can be established as a simple and effective power loss estimation method. Hence, the least time-consuming way of using a PPL regression equation based on a base case feeder is established in this paper to estimate the losses. The flexibility of PPL is proven through the case study. In the end, the results obtained between PPL and peak power demand (PPD) are demonstrated to be precisely proportional and the method is proven as a simple power loss estimation method due to the flexibility of the PPL regression equation.
Parasitic isolation structure for mutual coupling reduction in a multiple input multiple output antenna
Authors: Godi Revati C. , Patil Rajendra R. , Kinagi Revansiddappa S.
Published: September 2024

This paper reports a design of 2×1 multiple input multiple output (MIMO) structure of antenna with 23×45 mm2 dimension. Each element in the MIMO antenna is a quarter wave transformer fed microstrip patch antenna. To lessen the effect of coupling, a rectangular parasitic decoupler is positioned between the two elements. Results report that antenna resonates at 6 GHz, coupling is reduced by 14 dB using parasitic decoupler S12 and S21 obtained with parasitic decoupler are same which -33.06 dB. The diversity gain (DG) is 9.99 dB, which is nearly close to 10 dB, and the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.00034. These values reflect the good diversity performance. Measured findings match those from the simulation. As we confront the delicate environment, the proposed antenna is suited for number of wireless applications, including 802.11, 802.16 standards of IEEE.
Comparing horizontal versus vertical arrangement on the ground resistance values
Authors: Shamsul Syakir Azim , Muhammad Usman , Aman Fazlul , Mohamad Nor Normiza , Osman Miszaina
Published: September 2024

It is important to compare the horizontal electrodes versus vertical ground electrodes particularly when there is limited area to extend the horizontal ground electrode and hard soil at the deeper soil in order to install the vertical rod electrode. Although all of these can be assessed by computational work, much work has shown that computed resistance values are different than measured resistance values and these computational softwares are not always available to the users. For these reasons, the aim of this paper is to address this shortfall by considering two sites with two-layer soil resistivity model where site 1 with upper layer higher than the lower layer and vice versa for site 2. For the same size of ground electrodes, vertical arrangement is found to have lower ground resistance values, despite higher soil resistivity at the lower layer soil. Soil compaction after backfilling the trench during the installation of horizontal electrode has been identified as the main factor that contributes to differences between the measured and computed resistance values.
Design optimization and trajectory planning of a strawberry harvesting manipulator
Authors: Saoud Inas , Jaafari Hatim Idriss , Chahboun Asaad , Raissouni Naoufal , Achhab Nizar Ben , Azyat Abdelilah
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a systematic approach to optimizing the structural parameters of a 4-degree-of-freedom (DoF) strawberry harvesting manipulator to minimize its workspace. Unlike previous research that primarily concentrated on the spatial needs related to fruit distribution areas, this work addresses the spatial dynamics of different stages of the fruit-picking process. This is achieved by combining the workspace model method, mathematical modeling, and the GlobalSearch algorithm in the optimization process. A comprehensive verification was conducted using the Denavit-Hartenberg method to simulate the workspace of the optimal manipulator structure. This ensured that the manipulator effectively covered the entire harvesting space. The research design involves exploring an optimal trajectory planning method by adopting a modified sine jerk profile that minimizes overall trajectory duration while maintaining good smoothness. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through a simulation of the trajectory of the four joints to drive the end effector from the initial position to the position of the strawberry. This approach yields execution times up to 27% shorter than in previous studies. The proposed method is useful for optimizing the physical and trajectory design of the harvesting manipulator that operates in confined and restricted environments to enhance efficiency, adaptability, and safety in harvesting operations.
Design of mapping system for domestic service robot using light detection and ranging
Authors: Attamimi Muhammad , Gunawan Felix , Purwanto Djoko , Dikairono Rudy , Irfansyah Astria Nur
Published: September 2024

Service robots are becoming increasingly essential in offices or domestic environments, usually called domestic service robots (DSR). They must navigate and interact seamlessly with their surroundings, including humans and objects, which relies on effective mapping and localization. This study focuses on mapping, employing the light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor. The sensor, tested at proximity, gathers distance data to generate two-dimensional maps on a mini-PC. Additionally, it provides rotational positioning and robot odometry, broadening coverage through robot movement. A microcontroller with wireless smartphone connectivity facilitates control via Bluetooth. The robot is also equipped with ultrasonic sensors serving as a bumper. Testing in rooms of varying sizes using three methods (i.e., Hector simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), Google Cartographer, and real-time appearance-based mapping (RTAB-Map)) yielded good quality maps. The best F1-measure value was 96.88% achieved by Google Cartographer. All the results demonstrated the feasibility of this approach for DSR development across diverse applications.
Active filter harmonic compensator with proportional resonant current controller for photovoltaic inverter
Authors: Nam Le Khoa , Lam Le Hong , Hieu Trinh Trung , Hieu Nguyen Huu
Published: September 2024

The strong development of renewable energy sources (RES), especially distributed energy sources, brings many benefits to the power system. Single-phase photovoltaic (PV) systems are the fastest growing type of distributed energy source worldwide today. Besides the beneficial factors for the distribution power system, the high penetration rate of solar power systems also causes negative impacts, especially power quality issues. PV inverters generate harmonics during the high-frequency switching of semiconductor elements. Traditionally available passive filters are not effective enough to ensure output power quality when the PV system generates power to the distribution grid. Therefore, this study presents the design of a proportional resonant current controller combined with active filter harmonic compensated (PR+HC) for a single-phase PV inverter. This controller, when integrated into traditional PV inverter, will provide better output power quality, contributing to reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) on the distribution grid. This study analyzes the parameters affecting the harmonic attenuation effect of the PR+HC controller, then simulates it on MATLAB Simulink to evaluate the results. The results of the study show that the PR+HC controller is not only effective in reducing the amplitude of odd harmonics, but also operates reliably even when the grid frequency fluctuates widely.
Advancing breast cancer prediction: machine learning, data balancing, and ant colony optimization
Authors: Aouragh Abd Allah , Bahaj Mohamed , Toufik Fouad
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer constitutes a significant threat to women's health worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports around 2.3 million new cases each year, making this disease the primary reason for cancer-related fatalities among women. In light of this alarming situation, developing innovative tools for early detection and optimal treatment is imperative, as it directly addresses the pressing need to enhance our capabilities in the quest to overcome breast cancer. This study fits in with this approach, introducing a comparative assessment of multiple machine learning algorithms and integrating data preprocessing, data balancing and feature selection techniques. The studied Coimbra dataset, composed of 116 records and including 10 medical characteristics, exhibited promising performance in all classification metrics, reaching an accuracy of 89.74%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of 89.68%. These findings highlight the significant potential of our approaches to improve breast cancer treatment and detection systems, providing health practitioners with more efficient resources.
Exploring the synergy: AI and ML in very large scale integration design and manufacturing
Authors: Gonsai Sima K. , Sheth Kinjal Ravi , Patel Dhavalkumar N. , Tank Hardik B. , Desai Hitesh L. , Rana Shilpa K. , Bharvad Suresh Laxmanbhai
Published: September 2024

With the rapid advancements in very large scale integration (VLSI) and integrated circuit (IC) technology, the complexity of devices has escalated significantly. Designing a VLSI chip is essential for scaling up the capabilities of chips to meet the growing demands of modern applications, like artificial intelligence (AI), IoT, and high-performance computing. Chip testing and verification also emerges as crucial tasks to ensure optimal device functionality. Testing verifies the integrity of a circuit’s gates and connections, ensuring accurate operation. Throughout the chip’s design and development life cycle, design, testing and verification composes a substantial portion of the effort. AI and machine learning (ML) are used in many different research domains to improve predicted accuracy, automate difficult jobs, provide data-driven insights, and optimise workflows. This study aims to showcase the vital role of AI/ML in reducing complexity in VLSI chip design life cycle by automating test pattern generation and fault detection, enhancing efficiency and accuracy, and significantly reducing the time and resources needed for design verification and optimization.
Exploring the correlation of self-perception on the use of digital literacy in learning
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Santoso Anang , Pratiwi Yuni , Sulthoni Sulthoni , Farid Mujahidin
Published: September 2024

The rapid development of technology in the era of the fourth industrial revolution requires teachers to have good digital literacy competencies to present interactive, current, and adaptive learning. In line with this condition, this research aims to map prospective teachers’ digital literacy competency levels and explain the relationship between sub-areas of competency in digital literacy. The method used is quantitative, with validity testing using the reference value of item-total correlation, reliability testing using the reference value of Cronbach’s alpha, and normality testing using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The levels of prospective teachers’ digital literacy competencies are mapped through descriptive quantitative analysis. Then, the correlation between competency areas is analyzed using bivariate correlation tests. The results of this study show that the majority of prospective teachers, accounting for 72.32%, have a moderate level of digital literacy competencies with a digital literacy index of 3.67. The relationship between measured sub-areas of digital literacy competencies shows a positive relationship. Still, it does not indicate a substantial correlation, indicating that more than the high scores on the digital literacy index and information is needed to support the competence of prospective teachers in creating digital content. This research is beneficial for higher education institutions in improving the digital literacy skills of prospective teachers. To enhance the digital literacy competencies of prospective teachers from a moderate level to a high level, there is a need for programs that strengthen the collaborative and communication sub-areas of competencies and programs that enhance the data and information literacy sub-areas.
A validity and reliability of instrument to evaluate the principal technology leadership: a pilot study
Authors: Nawawi Wirda , Alias Bity Salwana , Wan Isa Wan Mohd Khairul
Published: September 2024

Rapid development of the digital environment nowadays requires a line of educational leadership, especially leaders in schools who are competent in technological leadership. Therefore, this study aims to verify the technology leadership instrument among school principals. Accordingly, a pilot study has been carried out to determine and confirm the level of instruments that have been built to identify the principal’s technology leadership practices. This pilot study was conducted on 196 samples consisting of secondary school teachers. This study examines the principal’s role as a technology leader involves five specific standards which includes the dimension of supporting digital citizenship, visionary planner, empowering leader, system designer and connected learner. This study has been conducted through three levels of validity namely face validity, content validity, and construct validity. Content validation index (CVI) is used to determine reliability between experts achieved. The construct validity is measured by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability of the instrument is measured by Cronbach alpha value. The finding of this pilot study shows that the instrument is valid and reliable. Finally, out of 50 items, 49 items are retained.
Social work students’ perception towards online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lumanaj Brilanda , Osmanaga Fatbardha
Published: September 2024

As a result of the pandemic, Universities in Albania faced this challenge for the first time during the COVID-19 pandemic. This transition created difficulties for both teachers and students. By studying students’ perceptions towards online learning, it is possible to identify their specific challenges and needs. It can provide a valuable perspective for improving the online learning experience in the future. The objective of this study is to examine the perceptions of social work students regarding the effectiveness and interaction experiences associated with their online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic at the University of Shkodra “Luigj Gurakuqi”, Albania, compared to classroom learning. This is descriptive research and includes quantitative and qualitative data. A structural questionnaire was distributed and followed by descriptive and thematic analysis. The sample included 84 students in a bachelor's program in social work. Students favored online courses for improving technical skills, dedicating more time to homework, and preferring email for queries. However, social interaction did not rise compared to classrooms. Students suggests blended learning for inclusivity, especially for those with financial, health, or job constraints. Ultimately, students preferred classroom learning for future teaching
Pronunciation therapy for deaf students in coping with Arabic letter difficulties
Authors: Astari Rika , Mukhlis Abdul , Adikistoro Hanif Cahyo , Purwanti Tri , Faturrahman Muhammad Irfan , Yuniawati Rudy , Mahfud Choirul
Published: September 2024

Pronunciation therapy for deaf students is a very important context within the sphere of the Quran learning. Previous investigations in this domain predominantly focused on media and visual approaches, neglecting the discussion of Arabic letter pronunciation therapy (phonetically). Therefore, this research aimed to elucidate various forms of pronunciation therapy designed for deaf students and the underlying factors motivating the use of the therapeutic techniques. This descriptive qualitative research relied on the primary data collected through an investigation conducted at Qotrunnada Islamic Special School (SLB) in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The primary data comprised the diverse methods applied in Arabic letter pronunciation therapy and the determinant factors of articulation disorders. The research subjects were limited to pure deaf students, categorized by age and the length of therapy. Each student exhibited different results of assessment and response to pronunciation therapy. Moreover, data validation was performed through interaction with the school principal as the research team. The results showed that the forms of pronunciation therapy included articulation therapy (phonetically) exercises addressing sound production, as well as interventions targeting attention and behavior for deaf students in coping with Arabic letter difficulties. This contribution would serve as a basic guide in the development of instruments for Arabic letter pronunciation therapy designed for students with special needs.