bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Headaches During Pregnancy and the Risk of Subsequent Stroke
Authors: Nam Ki-Woong , Ha Sungyeon , Oh Min-Jeong , Oh Kyungmi , Kim Chi Kyung , Cho Geum Joon , Kim Young Seo , Bushnell Cheryl D
Published: August 2023

Background: Primary headache is a known risk factor for stroke in women and usually improves during the first trimester of pregnancy. However, despite this, some women develop headaches during pregnancy (G-HA), and the effect of this headache on subsequent stroke is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the association between G-HA and stroke after pregnancy in women.
Methods: Based on the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we included women hospitalized for delivery between 2012 and 2013. G-HA was defined as a headache diagnosed during pregnancy. Primary outcome was any stroke that occurred during the observational periods from delivery to December 31, 2020. All diseases were identified based on data registered in the database using the International Classification of Disease-10th Revision-Clinical Modification codes.
Results: Of 906,187 pregnant women, G-HA was found in 56,813 (6.3%). During the observational periods, the G-HA (+) group had a significantly higher risk of any stroke [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30-1.95], ischemic stroke (aHR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12-2.01), hemorrhagic stroke (aHR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.23-2.15), and intracerebral hemorrhage (aHR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.19-2.23) than the G-HA (-) group. When analyzed considering the interaction with history of headache, G-HA showed a significant association with hemorrhagic stroke, but lost its effect on ischemic stroke.
Conclusions: We demonstrated that G-HA was associated with subsequent stroke occurrence in pregnant women. However, the relationship between G-HA and ischemic stroke is mitigated by a history of pre-pregnancy headache.
Angiography-based Coronary Microvascular Assessment with and without Intracoronary Pressure Measurements ─ a Systematic Review
Authors: Kest Michael , Ágoston András , Szabó Gábor Tamás , Kiss Attila , Üveges Áron , Czuriga Dániel , Komócsi András , Hizoh István , Kőszegi Zsolt
Published: August 2023

Background:
In recent years, several indices have been proposed for quantifying coronary microvascular resistance.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to identify and analyze angiography-derived indices of microvascular resistance that have been validated against an invasive reference method. We aimed compare of these methods regarding their limits of agreement with their reference methods and exploring their advantages and inherent limitations.
Methods and results:
We searched PubMed from inception until 2022 for studies on different techniques for quantifying microvascular resistance. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Five studies included techniques that applied calculations based solely on invasive angiography (angiography-based methods), and were validated against invasively measured thermodilution-derived index of microvascular resistance (invasive IMR). The remaining two studies combined angiography with invasively measured intracoronary pressure data (combined angio- and pressure-based methods), and were validated against invasive Doppler Measurements. We converted the ± 1.96 standard deviation limits of agreement with the reference method from the seven studies into percentages relative to the cut-off value of the reference method. This conversion was performed to enhance the interpretability of the results. The lower limits of agreement for angiography-based methods ranged from − 122% to -60%, while the upper limits ranged from 74–135%. The range of the limits of agreement was considerably lower for the two combined angiography- and pressure-based methods, standing at -52–60% and − 25–27%.
Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that combined angiography- and pressure-based methods provide a more reliable assessment of microvascular resistance compared to methods relying solely on angiography.
ASSESS THE EFFICACY OF NAVAYASA LOHA IN MANAGEMENT OF PITTAJ PANDU
Authors:   Assistant Professor Kayachikitsa Vasantdada Patil Ayurvedic Medical College Sangli (M.S.)., G. Rajguru Milind
Published: August 2023

Now a day Pandu is the common disease. Fast and mechanical life style, fast food habits and less nutritional vegetables because of used fertilizers and preservatives it occurs in higher and in middle economic classes and because of malnutrition Pandu occurs in poor classes. As per Ayurveda Pandu means fading of the original colour and is comparable with the description of modern disease Anaemia to large extent and it defined as when the percentage of haemoglobin in blood becomes low or count of RBCs gets decreased that condition is called Anaemia. Allopathic doctors prescribed iron contain medicine for anaemic patients and Ayurvedic samhitas also described iron for the treatment of Pandu.Many loha kalpas are prescribed under vyadhi Pandu and are effective for curing the disease. So the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Navayase loha in pandu.
ANALYSE STATISTIQUE DE LIMPACT DES PANNES DU RESEAU ELECTRIQUE SUR LES SOURCES ET LA CHARGE: ETUDE DE CAS DU RESEAU ELECTRIQUE DE LA COMMUNAUTE ELECTRIQUE DU BENIN
Authors:   Doctorant au Centre dExcellenceRegional Pour la Maitrise de lElectricite (CERME), Universite de Lome., Mohamed Barate , Eyouleki Tchei Gnandi Palanga ,   Maitre de Conferencesau Centre dExcellenceRegional Pour la Maitrise de lElectricite (CERME), Universite de Lome., Akoda Senah Ayite Ajavon ,   ProfesseursTitulaires au Centre dExcellenceRegional Pour la Maitrise de lElectricite (CERME), Universite de Lome., Koffi Mawugno Kodjo ,   ProfesseursTitulaires au Centre dExcellenceRegional Pour la Maitrise de lElectricite (CERME), Universite de Lome.
Published: August 2023

Breakdowns in the electricity network contribute to economic losses and upset populations who are increasingly dependent on this source of energy in their daily lives. The Benin Electric Community (CEB) is in charge of the electricity transmission network for Togo and Benin. It is responsible for dispatching the national sources of electrical energy production in the two countries and the import sources to the distribution networks of the two nations. Minimizing breakdowns and blackouts of this network will make it possible to contribute effectively to the economic and technical development of the company on the one hand and the socio-political development of the two countries on the other. This study aims to analyze the impact of breakdowns of the CEB network on the socio-economic level of the two countries on the one hand and on the electrical quantities of the operation of the network (sources or loads) with the aim of proposing a digital failure prediction solution. To achieve this objective, an analysis based on descriptive statistics and statistical linear regression was used. The results showed that more than 55.68% of breakdowns are caused by distribution networks. Earth faults are the most represented among the failures inherent in network control and management systems. There is an impact of blackouts on the social level. The populations of Parakou in Benin are the most affected with cumulative service unavailability of 75 days 19 hours 52 minutes. The economic impacts on the CEB were also recorded. For the correlative study, it appears that there is a weak negative correlation between the number of triggers and the sum of the sources of the CEB. This indicates a possibility of predictive detection of network failures using data from CEB sources. In the rest of this work, a stochastic statistical analysis of the data would be made to determine a mathematical model in order to design the CEB network failure prediction tool.
INJECTABLE BONE GRAFT AND ALLOGRAFT BONE CHIPS IN THE TREATMENT OF BENIGN BONE LESION
Authors:   Head of Orthopaedic Oncology and Reconstructive Surgeon, Prince Sultan Military Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Hisham Bobseit Abdulrahman , Bandar Alotaibi Turki ,   Orthopaedic Resident, Security Force Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Saad Alqhtani Muteb ,   Orthopaedic Resident, Security Force Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Eid Nazal Alanazi Faisal ,   Orthopaedic Resident, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Jameel Alotaibi Abdulhadi ,   Medical Student, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., A. Alhamdan Abdullah ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Oncology and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of injectable bone grafts and allograft bone chips in the treatment of benign bone lesions. A total of 34 patients were included, with varying types and locations of lesions. The results showed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, lesions type, diagnosis, site of the lesion, and bone leakage. However, the remodelling time was significantly shorter in the injectables group (5+3 months) than in the bone chips group (12+5 months). This study contributes to the understanding of the benefits and limitations of different bone grafting techniques for the treatment of benign bone lesions.
Zâtî’nin Şiirlerinde Denize ve Denizciliğe Ait Terimler
Authors: ALBAYRAK SAK Vesile
Published: August 2023

XVI. yüzyıl, Osmanlı donanmasının denizcilik konusunda başlangıca göre büyük aşama kaydettiği bir yüzyıldır. Bu gelişim sürecinde Karesi Beyliği’nin donanmasının da önemli bir yeri vardır. Yıldırım Bayezid tarafından Gelibolu’da yaptırılan ilk tersane, bu bölgenin Osmanlı Devleti adına denizcilik merkezi hâline gelmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nin bütün denizcilik işlerinin yönetildiği yer olan İstanbul’daki tersanede kızak sayısının iki yüze çıkarılmasıyla Kanuni döneminde denizcilik faaliyetleri en ileri seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Bu gelişimle birlikte Osmanlı’nın denizcilikte yegâne rakibi Venedikliler olmuştur. Bu asır Kemal Reis, Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa, Pîrî Reis gibi Türk denizcilik tarihinin önemli isimlerine ve onların zaferlerine tanık olunan bir yüzyıldır.
Karesi Vilayeti’nde doğan, doğup büyüdüğü yerin deniz ve denizcilikle ilgili kültürel mirasını eserlerine taşıyan önemli Osmanlı şairlerinden birisi de Zâtî’dir. Zâtî; II. Bayezid, Yavuz Sultan Selim, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman olmak üzere üç padişah döneminde de yaşamıştır. II. Bayezid’in denizde Venediklilerin üstünlüğünü görüp sessizce hazırlıklara başlayışına, Yavuz’un Mısır Seferi’ne ve Kanuni dönemindeki deniz zaferlerine tanıklık etmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Zâtî’nin şiirlerine Osmanlı deniz hâkimiyetinin ne ölçüde yansıdığını; şiirlerinde denize ve denizciliğe ait terimlerin gerçek veya mecaz hangi anlamlarda, nasıl kullanıldığını ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır.
Production of Porous Carbon by the Synergistic Chemical and Physical Activations and its Capacitive Performance
Authors: YILMAZ Murat , BAYKAL Mikail , FARGHALY Ahmed A. , DEMİR Müslüm
Published: August 2023

Biomass-derived carbons have been extensively investigated for supercapacitor applications thanks to their advantages such as high specific capacitance value, low cost, environmental friendliness, and readily available natural materials. In this study, unique oxygen-rich porous carbons were successfully prepared by combining chemical KOH and physical CO2 activation methods. The physical and textural properties of as-prepared carbon materials are highly dependent on the synthesis conditions. The resulting PC-4K-CO2 porous carbon exhibited a hierarchical porous structure consisting of micropores, mesopores, and macropores along with a large surface area of 1318.4 cm2/g, which allowed high exposure of electrocatalytic sites and ion diffusion/transfer facilitated. As a supercapacitor electrode material, PC-4K-CO2 porous carbon prepared at 800 °C with synergic activation of KOH and CO2 showed the highest specific capacitance of 151 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g in the 1 M KOH electrolyte. Besides, the electrode prepared with the PC-4K-CO2 sample has achieved an excellent long-cycling life with only an 8.6% loss of its initial capacitance over 500 cycles even at a current density of 5 A/g. The current study emphasizes the environmental significance of turning pistachio shells into electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors.
Pvp ile Kararlaştırılmış Rodyum Demir Bimetalik Nanokümelerinin Hazırlanması, Karakterizasyonu ve DMAB Hidrolizindeki Katalitik Etkinliğinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARATAŞ Yaşar , RÜZGAR Adem
Published: August 2023

Poli(N-vinil-2-pirolidon) (PVP) ile kararlaştırılmış Rh-Fe nanoparçacıkları (Rh-Fe@PVP) verimli ve çevreci bir yöntem olan alkol indirgeme tekniği ile sentezlendi. Sentezlenen nanoparçacıklar SEM, SEM/EDX, UV/Vis teknikleriyle karakterize edildi. Hazırlanan nanoparçacıklar yüksek hidrojen içeriği, kararlılığı ve çevre dostu olması gibi avantajları nedeniyle öne çıkan bir bor-azot (B-N) türevi olan dimetilamin-boranın hidroliz tepkimesinden hidrojen üretiminde katalizör olarak kullanıldı. TOF değeri (54.24 1/min) ve aktivasyon enerjisi (49.9 kJ/mol) olarak hesaplanan iki metalli nanoparçacıklar bu özellikleri ile verimli bir katalitik sistem olarak değerlendirildi. Katalizör ve substrat konsantrasyonlarının katalitik tepkime üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması sonucu tepkimenin hız ifadesinin; katalizör konsantrasyonuna göre 0.4 mertebeden, substrat konsantrasyonuna göre ise 0.3 mertebeden ilerlediği tespit edildi.
Growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken fed on black soldier fly larvae meal: a product of fecal sludge waste management
Authors: Kirimi James G. , Riungu Joy N. , Kiogora Domenic , Marete Eunice N. , Kagendo Dorothy , Dey Prasanta , Oyoo Valary A.
Published: August 2023

Rearing black soldier fly is an efficient way to dispose of organic waste by converting them into protein-rich feed to substitute animal- and plant-based sources in animal feeds. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal inclusion level of black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) as a substitute for soybean meal (SBM) in broiler diets and evaluate the impact on growth and carcass characteristics. Five isonitrogenous diets (D) (20% crude protein, CP) and isocaloric (3,200 Kcal/kg) were formulated such that BSFLM substituted SBM at 0% (control, D1), 25% (D2), 50% (D3), 75% (D4), and 100% (D5) on a protein basis. A total of 270 broilers (Cobb 500) were randomly assigned to the five treatments in triplicate per diet. BSFLM displayed higher fat content (44.84 ± 0.08%). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) decreased with an increase in BSFLM in the diets (p = 0.004). However, overall weight (OW) was high (1,296.97 ± 46.19 g) on 100% substitution of SBM with BSFLM (D5). Breast fat content averaged 6.06 ± 0.97 g for D1 and 15.30 ± 0.5 g for D5. This study has demonstrated that BSFLM can partially or wholly replace conventional SBM in the diet of broiler chicken.
COVID-19 pandemic, welfare programs, and access to ‘free water’ in Ghana: how did the urban poor fare?
Authors: Achore Meshack , Bisung Elijah , Kuuire Vincent
Published: August 2023

Frequent hand washing has been recommended by public health officials as one of the key preventive measures to reduce the transmission of COVID-19. Yet globally, 844 million people live without access to a safe drinking water source. This study explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, its associated public health response measures and government social support on water access in informal settlements in Ghana using qualitative studies. Thirty (30) participants were interviewed in Accra and Tamale. Data were transcribed and inductively analyzed using NVivo. Overall, participants indicate that COVID-19 exacerbated their water insecurity issues in many ways including (1) limiting water source visits for fear of contracting the virus; (2) through public health restrictions that affected their ability to access water outside their households; and (3) increased cost of vended water. Most participants also highlighted that they did not benefit from the ‘6 months of free water initiative’ by the government of Ghana. As countries formulate plans to rebuild their economies, the inequalities underscored by the COVID-19 pandemic should offer renewed attention to the significance of safe water access for all, particularly concerning public and population health.
Racial and ethnic disparities in access to safe water and sanitation in high-income countries: a case study among the Arab-Bedouins of Southern Israel
Authors: Contreras Jesse D. , Shibli Haneen , Eisenberg Marisa C. , Muhammad Ahmad S. , Davidovitch Nadav , Katz Mark A. , Daoud Nihaya , Eisenberg Joseph N.S.
Published: August 2023

Disparities in access to water, sanitation, and hygiene within high-income countries are common and often occur across racial/ethnic lines. The Arab-Bedouins in Israel, a formerly nomadic ethno-national minority, have experienced displacement, forced sedentarization, and poverty since Israel was founded. Land disputes with the government have led to precarious living arrangements, including unrecognized villages that the government considers illegal. We administered a structured questionnaire in one government-planned, two legally recognized, and two unrecognized Bedouin communities in the Negev (190 households). Only 44% (95% CI 37%, 51%) of households had access to both safely managed drinking water and sanitation; nationally Israel reports over 99% coverage for each. In one unrecognized village, only 15% of households had access to safely managed water and sanitation, comparable to low-income countries. The overall 1-week prevalence of diarrhea in children under 5 years of age was 22% (95% CI 17%, 27%), with substantial variation between communities. These results highlight that universal access to safely managed drinking water and sanitation remains a relevant goal, not only for low- and middle-income countries but for high-income countries. Bedouin communities in the Negev are a prime example, emphasizing that historic gains in global development have not uniformly reached marginalized groups within high-income countries.
Impacts of hydration and dehydration on microfiltration point-of-use filters: performance and cleaning impacts
Authors: Ocampo Andrea Ninabanda , Holden Brett , Basu Onita D.
Published: August 2023

This research examines the performance of two commercially available point-of-use (POU) microfiltration membrane filters (MF) under hydrated (wet) versus a multi-day dry period (dehydrated). Filter performance is monitored in terms of water quality and flowrate, as well as flowrate recovery following different cleaning regimes. The cleaning methods tested were backwashing with filtrate at room temperature, filtrate heated to 45 °C, filtrate at 45 °C with gentle shaking, and a vinegar solution (5% acetic acid). The selected cleaning methods reflect easily accessible cleaning methods with a goal to assess their impacts on flowrate recovery under both wet and dry conditions. After initial testing, hydrated MF flowrate varied between 197 ± 22 mL/min and backwashing with filtrate at room temperature was sufficient to maintain the membrane flowrate, while any of the other methods initially improved the system flowrate. In experiments where the filters were subject to a 5-day dry condition MF flowrates dropped to 65 ± 35 mL/min and filtrate at room temperature did not recover the flowrate sufficiently, however heated filtrate (45 °C) with/without gentle shaking was effective at recovering the MF for use. Water quality remained similar throughout the study, and 0 CFU/mL of E. coli were found in filtrate samples.
Metal-Organic Frame Works (MOFs) for Smart Applications
Authors: Manju  , Jain Megha , Kumar Sanjay , Vij Ankush , Thakur Anup
Published: August 2023

Metal-organic framework (MOF) is a class of materials, which is formed by
combining metal/inorganic and organic linkers, resulting in the formation of a
framework with high surface area and permanent porosity. The freedom to vary
inorganic and organic linkers stimulated the synthesis of thousands of MOF structures,
for their utility in various applications. The presence of high porosity, high surface area
and high free volume made these materials a perfect choice among the class of solid
adsorbents. The metal nodes, tunable pore, versatile structure and functionalized
surface allow various types of chemical interactions, viz. electrostatic interactions, π
complexation, H-bonding, coordination bonding, van der Waals interactions,
hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions. All these features made MOF a customizable
material to be utilized for targeted applications. This chapter involves a discussion
about the usage of versatile MOFs in smart applications, such as gas storage, gas
separation and drug delivery, along with a brief discussion about the synthesis of
MOFs.
Rare-earth Induced Nano-crystallization Study of Borate Glass System
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Rao S. M. , Pal Singh Supreet
Published: August 2023

The study of the physical and structural properties of rare-earth doped borate
glasses is discussed in this chapter. The glasses have been synthesized using the
conventional melt quenching technique. X-ray diffractometer has been used to
determine the amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples. Upon closer inspection
of the XRD patterns, it is observed that the peak width changes, which indicates that
the increase in the concentration of rare earth induces a localized devitrification of the
prepared glasses around the rare earth. To investigate the structural dependence on the
chemical composition of the manufactured glass, various parameters were determined.
The molecular vibrations and rotations related to covalent bonds found in the glasses
were studied using the infrared spectrum. 
Tom Nairn and the Twilight of Ukania
Authors: Kennedy James
Published: August 2023

Obituary to pay homage to the eminent Scottish scholar on nationalism, Tom Nairn
The Origins of Armenian Nationalism in the United States and the American Armenian Press (1880s-1920s)
Authors: Payaslian Simon
Published: August 2023

The growing scholarship on the ethnic press in the United States has greatly contributed to our understanding of their functions within ethnic communities and in the broader society. This study, focusing on a sample of the Armenian ethnic press, demonstrates that in the formative stages of the Armenian immigrant community (1880s-1920s), the Armenian press promoted long-distance nationalism, on the one hand, and ‘cultural congruence’ between American and Armenian values, identities, and worldviews, on the other hand. Armenians arrived in the United States in increasing numbers beginning in the late nineteenth century, as they fled Ottoman persecutions and massacres, and the community further grew in the aftermath of the genocide during World War I. As Armenians established roots in their new environment, their cultural production during the period under consideration included more than one hundred dailies, weeklies, and monthly journals. These publications fell into three categories: nationalist/long-distance nationalist, religious, and non-political/professional. The Armenian ethnic papers catered to the tastes of nostalgic immigrants and emphasized the urgency of reforms in, or outright liberation from, the Ottoman empire. Thus, this case study demonstrates that the Armenian ethnic press propagated long-distance nationalism as they sought to forge community solidarity and to fortify cultural preservation. At the same time, they also promoted American values, the American Dream, active citizenship, and Americanization in general—a significant point regarding the paradoxical role of the ethnic press in host societies but often neglected in the literature on ethnonationalism and long-distance nationalism. This article also briefly discusses the long-term ramifications of Armenian ethnic cultural development as a diaspora community in the United States.
Nationalism and Climate Change
Authors: Conversi Daniele
Published: August 2023

State of Nationalism Review Article on Nationalism and Climate Change
Correlation Between University Music Teachers’ Self-efficacy and Autonomous Learning
Authors: Zhang Xinghui , Ling Ying-Leh , Zheng Kunqi , Li Chuangang
Published: August 2023

Music instructors' self-efficacy and autonomous learning impact their professional growth at the university and play an essential part in developing high-level music education. This study aims to look into the current state of university music instructors' self-efficacy and autonomous learning and analyses the link between them. The survey findings include that university music instructors' self-efficacy is greater overall, and the status quo of university music teachers' autonomous learning at the medium level is powerful for autonomous learning motivation.
Perspectives of Visible Learning for Quality Learning Environment: A Case Study
Authors: Tong Hoey Chin Christy , Sidhu Gurnam Kaur , Wang Ruoyu
Published: August 2023

A quality learning environment calls for learning to be visible for both lecturers and students. This study aimed to investigate the students' perspectives of the Ten Mindframes and the predictor mindframes of Visible Learning, which significantly contribute to students' academic achievement. Using a mixed-methods research approach, this study involved 416 students in undergraduate programmes. The findings revealed students valued the constructivism construct and the social-emotional aspects of Visible Learning mindframes. The results suggest that a more significant consolidation effort is required to promote a quality learning environment through visible teaching and learning.
Salutogenic Landscape Design with Cognitive Restoration Stimuli for Stress Intervention
Authors: Syed Othman Thani Sharifah Khalizah , Hussein Hazreena , Föhn Martina , Ng Siew Cheok
Published: August 2023

This study explores the potential of neighbourhood parks in reducing stress and promoting mental well-being in urban settings. Through in-depth interviews with experts in clinical psychology, neuropsychology, and landscape architecture, landscape attributes influencing psychological well-being were identified. Thematic analysis revealed the importance of human-centred design and incorporating elements that inspire enthusiasm for cognitive restoration. The study resulted in a salutogenic and cognitive landscape framework that integrating cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) into the park design. This framework offers valuable insights and practical guidance for creating healing spaces in neighbourhood parks, catering to physical and psychological needs in urban environments.
Knowledge and Practices of Computed Tomography Exposure Parameters among Radiographers
Authors: Mahmud Mohd Hafizi , Tajuddin Mohd Amirul , Ismail Saidatun Nafisah , Nayyef Qusay Taisir
Published: August 2023

Knowledge and practices of Computed Tomography (CT) exposure parameters have a direct impact on radiation exposure to patients in CT examinations. This study is aimed to determine the level of knowledge and practice of CT exposure parameters among radiographers in a teaching hospital in Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey using a validated questionnaire was conducted on 60 radiographers who are practicing CT in a teaching hospital in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The results demonstrated that the radiographers had good and excellent scores in knowledge (76.5%) and practice (88.3%), respectively. Further training on CT optimization practice should be executed for radiographers in the future.
Transmission and Development of Food Heritage under Rural Revitalization: Yongfeng chili sauce in China
Authors: Li Qiong , Md Sharif Mohd Shazali , Mohd Fuza Zatul Iffah , Gong Jian
Published: August 2023

In the context of China's rural revitalization strategy, this study explores the transmission and development of food heritage, using the case of Yongfeng Chili Sauce as a reference for local governments to formulate intangible cultural heritage protection policies. Qualitative methods were employed to gather data from family workshops and factories. Narrative analysis was conducted on data obtained from observations and interviews through fieldwork, addressing the research questions. Findings indicate, Yongfeng chili sauce carries rich culture and unique production techniques; is one of the pillar industries of the local economy; and significantly promotes rural revitalization if the local government's current concern.
Exploring Foreign Language Anxiety in the Chinese EFL Classroom: A Case Study
Authors: Fu Fen , Gurnam Kaur Sidhu  , Arieff Shamida  , Long Juan
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to examine the factors affecting foreign language anxiety (FLA) in Chinese tertiary EFL classrooms. This study adopted a descriptive case study design involving 490 EFL students from one public university in China. Data were collected via a self-reported questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The findings reported a moderate level of FLA among the students. Internal and external factors affected the student’s FLA, including performance anxiety, perceived lack of proficiency, low motivation, relationship challenges, and learning environment-related challenges. These findings implied universities should enhance the physical and pedagogical learning environment to sustain quality EFL teaching and learning.
Enhancing Safety Education Through the Looking Glass: Acceptance of Augmented Reality
Authors: Md Shamsudin Nurshamshida , Corrienna Abdul Talib  , Li Yang
Published: August 2023

This study explores the acceptance of augmented reality (AR) in safety classes using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Participants from safety classes were exposed to AR-based activities, and their perceptions of AR's usefulness and ease of use were measured through surveys. The findings reveal that participants found AR highly useful in enhancing safe learning experiences, visualizing safety procedures, and facilitating engagement. Participants also reported that AR applications were intuitive and user-friendly. The study supports the TAM model, indicating that perceived usefulness and ease of use strongly influenced participants' attitudes and intentions toward AR. Educators should prioritize emphasizing usefulness and ease of use to promote successful integration of AR in safety education.
Virtual Reality Technology in Nursing Professional Skills Training: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Hong Chengang , Wang Liping
Published: August 2023

Background

Nursing professional skills training has undergone significant transformation due to the exponential growth of computer and medical technology. The innovative use of virtual reality (VR) in nursing education has emerged as a cutting-edge technical support technique that has gained attention as a highly effective method for improving nurse training quality.

Objective

This study aims to review the current status of VR technology in nursing professional skills training, research hotspots, and emerging trends in the last 15 years.

Methods

The Web of Science Core Collection database was used to search for literature on VR technology in nursing professional skills training covering the period from 2006 to 2022. Biblioshiny (K-Synth Srl) was used to import and convert the records to Bibliometrix (K-Synth Srl) for analysis, and R (R Core Team) was used for descriptive bibliometric analysis. VOSviewer (Leiden University) was used to cluster co-occurring keywords, and Scimago Graphica (version 1.0.16; Scimago Lab) was used to generate a geographical visualization of published countries and regions.

Results

A total of 1073 papers were analyzed, indicating a surge in research on the application of VR in nursing professional skills training in recent years, as evidenced by a positive trend in annual publication of relevant literature. The majority of studies were from the United States (n=340) and Canada (n=107), and Margaret Verkuyl was the most prolific author, leading the way with 9 publications. Furthermore, “Computerized Virtual Patients in Health Professions Education: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” was the most frequently cited reference. Keywords such as education, simulation, skills, students, and care were most commonly used by researchers.

Conclusions

The bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the use of VR in nursing professional skills training, indicating that VR-based training is an effective means of improving the skills and competencies of nursing students and professionals alike. The COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced the importance of developing VR-based distance education, despite challenges such as integrating virtual and real-world training and mitigating safety risks.
Real-World Evidence of a Hospital-Linked Digital Health App for the Control of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in South Korea: Nationwide Multicenter Study
Authors: Park Sangil , Woo Ho Geol , Kim Soeun , Kim Sunyoung , Lim Hyunjung , Yon Dong Keon , Rhee Sang Youl
Published: August 2023

Background

Digital health care apps have been widely used for managing chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, providing promising prospects for enhanced health care delivery, increased patient engagement, and improved self-management. However, the impact of integrating these apps within hospital systems for managing such conditions still lacks conclusive evidence.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the real-world effectiveness of using hospital-linked digital health care apps in lowering blood pressure (BP) and blood glucose levels in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Nationwide multicenter data on demographic characteristics and the use of a digital health care app from 233 hospitals were collected for participants aged 20 to 80 years in South Korea between August 2021 and June 2022. We divided the participants into 2 groups: 1 group consisted of individuals who exclusively used the digital health app (control) and the other group used the hospital-linked digital health app. All the patients participated in a 12-week digital health care intervention. We conducted a comparative analysis to assess the real-world effectiveness of the hospital-linked digital health app. The primary outcome was the differences in the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and postprandial glucose (PPG) level between baseline and 12 weeks.

Results

A total of 1029 participants were analyzed for the FBG level, 527 participants were analyzed for the PPG level, and 2029 participants for the SBP and DBP were enrolled. After 12 weeks, a hospital-linked digital health app was found to reduce SBP (−5.4 mm Hg, 95% CI −7.0 to −3.9) and DBP (−2.4 mm Hg, 95% CI −3.4 to −1.4) in participants without hypertension and FBG level in all participants (those without diabetes, −4.4 mg/dL, 95% CI −7.9 to −1.0 and those with diabetes, −3.2 mg/dL, 95% CI −5.4 to −1.0); however, there was no statistically significant difference compared to the control group (using only digital health app). Specifically, participants with diabetes using a hospital-linked digital health app demonstrated a significant decrease in PPG after 12 weeks (−10.9 mg/dL, 95% CI −31.1 to −5.3) compared to those using only a digital health app (P=.006).

Conclusions

Hospital-linked digital interventions have greatly improved glucose control for diabetes compared with using digital health technology only. These hospital-linked digital health apps have the potential to offer consumers and health care professionals cost-effective support in decreasing glucose levels when used in conjunction with self-monitoring.
Current status of the development of digital biomarkers (Preprint)
Authors: Xing Rong , Du Jiru , Shen Xingyu , Xu Yingling , Jiang Haihong
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The emergence of digital biomarkers (DBM) has led to a breakthrough in traditional digital therapies, where indicators can be monitored and recorded remotely through sensors and hardware devices for therapeutic purposes such as disease prevention, diagnostic evaluation, and medication monitoring.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to summarize the current status and results of the application of digital biomarkers, and to propose the shortcomings of current research and ways to cope with them, in order to further promote the development of digital biomarkers.

METHODS

The search in this study was limited to English publications. PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid EMBase databases were searched using keywords related to digital biomarkers, and the types of literature searched included journal papers, dissertations, conference papers, patents, scientific and technical results, and scientific and technical reports, etc. The search was limited to articles published before January 15, 2023.

RESULTS

After screening, de-duplicating and organizing the 24,733 retrieved documents, 92 articles were finally selected. The majority of studies focused on neurological disorders (55/92, 60%). Most of the acquisitions focused on gait (20/92, 22%) and daily activities (12/92, 13%). Use for disease assessment (22/92, 24%) and identification (16/92, 17%) were the most common intended uses of digital biomarkers. Most studies employ sensors (23/92, 25%) and smart devices (23/92, 25%), such as smartphones, smartwatches, and tablets, for data collection and recording. In addition, wearable devices (47/92, 51%) were the most common type of digital devices.

CONCLUSIONS

Thanks to the safety and reliability of digital biomarkers, they have more potential than traditional biomarkers and have a broader development prospect. In recent years, digital technology has been advancing, and digital biomarkers are currently a major trend in the field of medical research and have high clinical research value. However, since the current research is still in the early stage, and most digital biomarkers need to be networked for use, how to ensure data security and user privacy is also a major challenge to be cracked.
Uncovering Language Disparity of ChatGPT on Retinal Vascular Disease Classification: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Xiaocong , Wu Jiageng , Shao An , Shen Wenyue , Ye Panpan , Wang Yao , Ye Juan , Jin Kai , Yang Jie
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Benefiting from rich knowledge and the exceptional ability to understand text, large language models like ChatGPT have shown great potential in English clinical environments. However, the performance of ChatGPT in non-English clinical settings, as well as its reasoning, have not been explored in depth.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate ChatGPT’s diagnostic performance and inference abilities for retinal vascular diseases in a non-English clinical environment.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, we collected 1226 fundus fluorescein angiography reports and corresponding diagnoses written in Chinese and tested ChatGPT with 4 prompting strategies (direct diagnosis or diagnosis with a step-by-step reasoning process and in Chinese or English).

RESULTS

Compared with ChatGPT using Chinese prompts for direct diagnosis that achieved an F1-score of 70.47%, ChatGPT using English prompts for direct diagnosis achieved the best diagnostic performance (80.05%), which was inferior to ophthalmologists (89.35%) but close to ophthalmologist interns (82.69%). As for its inference abilities, although ChatGPT can derive a reasoning process with a low error rate (0.4 per report) for both Chinese and English prompts, ophthalmologists identified that the latter brought more reasoning steps with less incompleteness (44.31%), misinformation (1.96%), and hallucinations (0.59%) (all P<.001). Also, analysis of the robustness of ChatGPT with different language prompts indicated significant differences in the recall (P=.03) and F1-score (P=.04) between Chinese and English prompts. In short, when prompted in English, ChatGPT exhibited enhanced diagnostic and inference capabilities for retinal vascular disease classification based on Chinese fundus fluorescein angiography reports.

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT can serve as a helpful medical assistant to provide diagnosis in non-English clinical environments, but there are still performance gaps, language disparities, and errors compared to professionals, which demonstrate the potential limitations and the need to continually explore more robust large language models in ophthalmology practice.
Assessing the Feasibility and Utility of Patient-Specific 3D Advanced Visualization Modeling in Cerebrovascular Disease: Retrospective Analysis and Prospective Survey Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sarkar Korak , Bhimarasetty Vishal , Rahim Abdul , Curtis Colin , Hughes Kimberly
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The prevalence, clinical burden, and health care costs (>US $100 billion) associated with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) will increase significantly as the US population grows and ages over the next 25 years. Existing 2D imaging modalities have inherent limitations in visualizing complex CVD, which may be mitigated with the use of patient-specific 3D advanced visualization (AV) technologies. There remain gaps in knowledge, however, regarding how and with what impact these technologies are being used in CVD.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical attributes and reported utility associated with the use of 3D AV modeling in CVDs, specifically intracerebral arteriovenous malformations.

METHODS

This pilot study employs a combination of retrospective analysis and prospective surveys to describe the utilization and utility of patient-specific AV models at a single high-volume certified comprehensive stroke center.

RESULTS

From July 2017 to February 2023, 25 AV models were created for 4 different clinicians. The average patient age was 37.4 years; 44% (11/25) of the patients were African Americans, 52% (13/25) were on public insurance, and 56% (14/25) were associated with a neurovascular procedure. In this study, 18 clinicians with diverse experience responded to AV model surveys, with a 92.2% (166/180) completion rate. There was an average reported utility of 8.0 on a 0-10 scale, with higher scores reflecting increased utility. Compared to 2D viewing, AV models allowed staff to appreciate novel abnormal anatomy, and therefore, they would have changed their therapeutic approach in 45% (23/51) of the cases.

CONCLUSIONS

AV models were used in complex CVDs associated with young, publicly insured individuals requiring resource-intensive interventions. There was strong and diverse clinician engagement with overall report of substantial utility of AV models. Staff clinicians frequently reported novel anatomical and therapeutic insights based on AV models compared to traditional 2D viewing. This study establishes the infrastructure for future larger randomized studies that can be repeated for CVDs or other disease states and incorporate assessments of other AV modalities such as 3D printing and medical extended reality.
The effectiveness of online blended Do-Live-Well workshops for Occupational Therapists (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Sungha , Gewurtz Rebecca , Moll Sandra , Larivière Nadine , Letts Lori
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The Do-Live-Well (DLW) framework is an occupation-focused health promotion approach that emphasizes the importance of participating in a variety of activities for one’s health and wellness. Occupational therapists have had educational opportunities to learn about this framework, and there is a growing demand for online blended DLW workshops that combine synchronous and asynchronous features of the learning formats.

OBJECTIVE

Following a previously conducted study that compared asynchronous web-based and synchronous in-person DLW workshops, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of online blended DLW workshops for occupational therapists with both asynchronous and synchronous components.

METHODS

The study assessed changes in participants’ knowledge of the DLW framework, factors influencing their adoption of the framework in practice, participant satisfaction with the workshop, and their actual use of the framework in clinical practice.

RESULTS

Participants' knowledge levels increased immediately after the workshop (p<.001) but decreased after 3 months (p<.001). However, their perceptions of their ability to apply the DLW framework in practice increased after the workshop. Participants reported a high level of satisfaction with the workshop (mean=107/112).

CONCLUSIONS

The study indicated that the online blended workshops can be as effective as the web-based and in-person workshops in terms of increasing knowledge levels, improving the perceived ability to apply the framework in clinical practice, and enhancing participant satisfaction. By striking a balance between learners' needs and preferences and educators' accountability and perspectives, online blended workshops can provide an effective and engaging learning experience that benefits both learners and educators.
Scientific dissemination on Instagram: 2 million views in a reel’s video about the COVID-19 vaccines efficacy (Preprint)
Authors: Gonzaga Beatriz Matheus de Souza , Coelho Laura Lacerda , Vianna Matheus Menezes , Pereira Laila Dantas , Seydel Clara Monteiro , da Silva Debora Moraes , Ferreira Roberto Rodrigues , Araujo-Jorge Tania , Garzoni Luciana Ribeiro
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

In 2020, the world was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic and the population needed to contain the spread of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants. The pandemic was caused by a new virus. Then, any new discovery had to be reported to the population, as fast as possible. Moreover, there was a large amount of news being spread online without fact check (fake news), generating misinformation. This supported and increased the anti-vaccine movement. Therefore, it has demonstrated the extreme importance of fighting the spread of fake news about the coronavirus. Social networks are a great tool for providing secure information from reliable sources and their use should be encouraged within the scientific community.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the study was to bring information about scientific dissemination using social media.

METHODS

An Instagram account was created in June of 2021 (@grupo.cienciagram) and it was used to broadcast information about science, diseases and health. Videos were created using the video Instagram editing tools. Data was collected from Instagram Insights.

RESULTS

Our Instagram profile reached over 8,000 followers in October of 2021, and one of the reels videos posted reached over 2 million views worldwide.

CONCLUSIONS

Instagram is a good scientific dissemination resource that provides different tools, being reels the one with more reach. This resource should be more explored by the scientific community to strengthen the bond between society and scientific information.
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Authors: Kehutanan Jurnal Ilmu
Published: August 2023

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