bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modals as Carriers of Ideology in Salmon Fishing in the Yemen
Authors: Alaghbary Gibreel Sadeq , Al-Nakeeb Ohood Ali
Published: May 2017

Modality encodes speakers or writers’ attitudes towards, and evaluations of, people and states of affairs. These evaluative attitudes are often ideologically motivated. This paper investigates ideology as carried by modal expressions in Salmon Fishing in the Yemen. Of the ten genres constituting the narrative, the newspaper articles have been selected for analysis. The paper adopts Simpson’s (1993) analytical framework, aka Critical Linguistics, in order to achieve three objectives. It aims to identify the modal expressions employed in the selected newspaper articles, classify the relevant modalized, and modally unmarked, statements, and explore the ideological assumptions and evaluations generated by the modal expressions, or their absence, in relation to the characters’ attitudes towards each other and towards the thematic developments in the novel. Analysis uncovers a dichotomy constructed between the East and West. The East, represented by the salmon project, Sheikh Muhammad and the Yemeni government, is projected as submissive and inferior.
The Experience of Alienation in Toni Morrison’s Work: Man’s Fragmentation and Concomitant Distortion
Authors: Mahameed Mohammed , Karim Majed Abdul
Published: May 2017

The question of alienation has always been a pervasive theme in the history of modern thought, and it occupies a considerable place in contemporary work. Literature in general, and fiction in particular, raise this issue to reveal its influence on human beings and communities. Novelists have been trying to unravel its complexities and concomitant consequences. The paper aims to explore the experience of alienation through depicting the issue not as a purely racial reality, or something restricted to the colour of the skin or gender of the victim. It is rather presented as a distressing state which cripples the victims and makes them susceptible captives of the dominant forces. In the selected novels, Toni Morrison has delved deep into the experience of alienation through her male and female characters, showing the different forms of this experience. The present research investigates Morrison’s portrayal of the issue from an African-American prospect. References will be made to novels such as Tar Baby, Sula, The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon, and Beloved.
The Text Type Effect on Moroccan EFL University Learners’ Reading Achievement
Authors: Msaddek Mohammed
Published: May 2017

This study is a potential endeavor to make an inquiry into the perceived effect of text typology on reading achievement gains among Moroccan English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. It also evinces whether strategy instruction can be an influencing variable on learners’ reading achievement with regards to text type (i.e., narrative, expository). Indeed, incorporating two primary text genres (i.e., narrative, expository) in the conduct of this current research, the study is intended to substantiate any marked interrelatedness existing between text typology and reading achievement at the pre- and post-testing stages among EFL university learners. For assuring a thorough, rich investigation of this stated postulate, two sampled Moroccan EFL groups (n=113), as first-year English majors, were addressed. The obtained data were collected by means of a corpus of research instruments such as reading comprehension tests (i.e., pre-test, post-test), strategy training and reading comprehension texts (i.e., narrative, expository). The findings showcased that text genre is not a significant, influential variable on reading achievement scores among the control (n=50) and treatment groups (n=63). Finally, the study puts forward some useful implications pertaining to EFL text processing/ analysis and an explicit mention of some limitations, which encountered the undertaken study, is made.
The Use of Poster Sessions to Develop Professionalism, Domain Five of the Ecuadorian National English Teachers’ Standards
Authors: Morales J. Maria V. , Morales J. Maria A.
Published: May 2017

This study describes the presence of professional skills found in poster session proposals in order to consider the use of poster sessions for developing the skills required by the 2012 Ecuadorian Standards for English teachers, specifically related to the fifth domain professionalism. Thirteen poster session proposals for a national English teacher conference were analyzed to identify professional skills using the International Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) Conference rubric to describe their academic quality, and Halleck and Connor’s Coding Scheme Checklist to describe the TESOL proposal genre characteristics. The results provided evidence of the skills related to the Ecuadorian national standards for English teachers as well as their academic strengths and weaknesses. The poster session can be an effective strategy to help teachers become more proactive and autonomous in growing professionally. This study can be useful for English teachers working to meet the national standards and institutions wanting to explore new strategies to develop and implement the English Teachers’ Standards.
Factors Affecting the Quality of English Language Teaching in Preparatory Year, University of Jeddah
Authors: Dakhiel Maysoon A.
Published: May 2017

Several Universities in Saudi Arabia have recently made it their priority to pursuit excellence in effective EFL teaching-learning starting from the Preparatory Year Program (PYP). That is due to the rapid expansion of English as a lingua franca in tertiary education especially in science and technology, scientific and educational publication, technology, internet communication, etc. The present study will examine the current situation in EFL teaching and learning to identify the factors affecting the quality of English language teaching in the PYP at Jeddah University. When studying quality in EFL teaching, the concentration is usually put on the teacher where in fact the success of the operation is collaboration between three major constituents of the program triangle, the learners, the teachers and the institution. Therefore, these three constituents were asked to first identify what they think is important in regards to the quality of the EFL program, and what impedes achieving its goals. In order to identify and analyze the factors, this study applied the following survey: Quality in Language Teaching for Adults developed by Grundtvig Learning Partnership (2009-2011), on teachers, learners, and administrators. Slight variations in wording of the survey statements was implemented in order to suit each group. For data analysis, SPSS software was used. Recommendations and further fields of study presented were based on the findings.
Competition on the Georgia Education Marketplace
Authors: Gagnidze Archil , Maglakelidze Shorena
Published: May 2017

Georgia implemented a nationwide, full scale school voucher program in 2005. The new voucher plan was designed with the intent to provide equitable distribution and efficient utilization of financial and human resources. By introducing the voucher scheme, the government hoped to promote competition among public as well as private schools to push them operate in a cost-effective way and consequently improve education quality. This study tries to identify the effect of increased competition on the quality of education as perceived by school principals and teachers in Georgia. More specifically, we study to identify if the voucher model, as a result of increased competition, has created an environment that is supportive to students in improving their academic performance. Our results suggest that school principals and teachers do not view competition as a force or stimulation towards better quality teaching and improved students’ academic achievement.
“Careful, Now You Are both the Learner and the Teacher!”: Student Teachers’ Evaluation of Inquiry-Based Peer Lecturing as a Tool in Teacher Training
Authors: Seroussi Dominique-Esther , Yaffe Yossi , Sharon Rakefet
Published: May 2017

Linking between pedagogical content knowledge and high-level subject-matter knowledge in science teacher training remains a challenge. This paper analyses the reaction of beginning student teachers to an activity designed for this purpose, peer lecturing. This activity was a part of the requirements of an introductory zoology course, and included students’ literature inquiry processes oriented to answer a question linked to the course’s contents, followed by whole class presentation of the knowledge acquired in the inquiry. According to students’ view, it seems that the inquiry component and the peer learning component of the activity induced original characteristics in the activity concerning student teachers’ self-concept, students’ beliefs about the level of knowledge needed to teach science, their treatment of prior conceptions, and multiple sources of reflective thinking on science teaching. On the basis of these results, the further development of teacher training activities is envisioned.
Faculty Members’ Attitudes towards the Performance Appraisal Process in the Public Universities in Light of Some Variables
Authors: Al-Ashqar Wafaa Mohammed Ali
Published: May 2017

The present study aimed to detect the level of faculty members’ attitudes at public universities towards the performance appraisal process and its relationship with some variables (gender, college, scientific rank, university, teaching experience, and age). The study sample consisted of (320) faculty members of both sexes in three public universities in northern Jordan, namely (Al Yarmouk University, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University). The results showed that the attitudes of faculty members towards the performance appraisal process was moderate, and the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α = 0.05) in the degree of attitudes of faculty members towards the performance appraisal process in the public universities due to gender, college, scientific rank, teaching experience, and age. As for the university variable, the differences between the averages were not statistically significant.
Examining the Relationship between Pre-Service Teachers’ Critical Thinking Disposition, Problem Solving Skills and Teacher Self-Efficacy
Authors: Cansoy Ramazan , Turkoglu Muhammet Emin
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between the pre-service teachers’ critical thinking disposition, problem-solving skills and self-efficacy beliefs. The participants of the study were 519 pre-service teachers from Afyon Kocatepe University, Education Faculty. Critical Thinking Disposition, Problem Solving Inventory, and Teacher Self-efficacy Scale were used to collect the data. Arithmetic mean, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were employed in data analysis. The results of the study revealed that the pre-service teachers’ critical thinking disposition was low, problem-solving skills were moderate and teacher self-efficacy perceptions were quite adequate. However, the critical thinking disposition and problem-solving skills revealed significant positive correlations with all dimensions of teacher self-efficacy. An important finding is that critical thinking disposition and problem-solving skills were positive and significant predictors of all sub-dimensions of teacher self-efficacy beliefs.
Effectiveness of Lesson Study Approach on Preservice Science Teachers’ Beliefs
Authors: Yakar Zeha , Turgut Duygu
Published: May 2017

Beliefs influence teacher decision in the classroom. Because of this reason, understanding teachers’ beliefs is important. It is also critical to study teachers’ beliefs who integrate science in the classroom. In this study, the effects of microteaching with lesson study approach on preservice science teachers’ beliefs about learning and teaching have been analyzed. Teachers’ Beliefs Interview (TBI) has been used for determining the development of preservice science teachers’ beliefs about learning and teaching. At the end of the study, it was determined that through microteaching with lesson study approach, preservice science teachers’ beliefs improved in a positive way that their beliefs significantly changed toward more student-centered. The findings from this study support the notion that application micro teaching with lesson study in Science Teaching Method Course has postitive impact on preservice teachers’ beliefs.
The Social Profile of Students in Basic General Education in Ecuador: A Data Analysis
Authors: Buri Olga Elizabeth Minchala , Stefos Efstathios
Published: May 2017

The objective of this study is to examine the social profile of students who are enrolled in Basic General Education in Ecuador. Both a descriptive and multidimensional statistical analysis was carried out based on the data provided by the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment in 2015. The descriptive analysis shows the frequency and percentages of variables used in the investigation, and the multidimensional statistical analysis demonstrates the principal and more important criteria of differentiation and classification among the clusters of students who were investigated. These methods involve factorial analysis of multiple correspondences which demonstrate criteria of differentiation and a hierarchical cluster analysis to define clusters of students according to their common traits.
A Case for International Financial Reporting Standard on Sustainability: A Critical Perspective
Authors: Cherepanova Vera
Published: May 2017

The domain of sustainability reporting has seen a substantial proliferation in recent years. Many standards, guidelines, and voluntary regulatory mechanisms have emerged, yet a specific IFRS on sustainability doesn’t exist. This paper provides a critical analysis of desirability for the institutionalization of sustainability reporting in a form of IFRS standard. First, I discuss strengths and weaknesses of IFRS and their adoption. Next, I delineate the complex multi-dimensional nature of accounting harmonization and specifically highlight the existing barriers to the successful advancement of this process. I provide a justification why a complete convergence of national accounting standards is unlikely and even undesirable, given the diversity of cultures, enforcement mechanisms, tax and legal systems around the world. In the final section I review the concept of sustainability in its breadth and depth, and analyze how the usage of analogy to financial reporting may impose constraints on the scope of sustainability development goals. By contrast to financial reporting, sustainability reporting is addressed to a much wider group of stakeholders whose engagement is crucial for meaningful sustainable development goals. The paradigm of the IFRS does not render possible embracingthis wider scope, therefore, their applicability for the purposes of sustainability reporting is limited.
Кластержүүлэх процесс: чацарганы кластерийн Санаачилгын жишээ
Authors: Х Цэвэлмаа
Published: May 2017

Уламжлалт салбаруудыг кластержүүлэхэд судалгаа, шинжилгээний ажлын эрэлт их байна. Кластер бол эдийн засгийн хөгжлийн шинэ хандлага юм. Иймд нэг талаас улс орны эдийн засгийн хөгжлийн хандлагыг ул суурьтай судлах; нөгөө талаас эдийн засгийн хөгжлийн динамик бүтцийг шинжлэх хийгээд түүнд шаардлагатай тоо мэдээллийг цуглуулахад хугацаа их шаардагдаж байна. Энэ ажлаар эдийн засгийн хөгжлийн харьцангуй шинэ, динамик загвар болох кластерийг Монголын хөрсөнд буулгахаар туршиж байгаа үйл явцыг харуулж, улмаар кластерийн бодлого боловсруулах нь зайлшгүй болж байгааг үзүүлэх зорилгоор энэхүү судалгааг гүйцэтгэв. Энэ ажлын эхний хэсэгт кластер, кластерийн санаачилгын судалгааны үр дүн, үр нөлөөг тоймлон үзүүллээ. Дараагийн хэсэгт кластержүүлэх арга зүйг товч авч үзнэ. Төгсгөлд нь, кластержүүлэх процессийг Монгол улсад хэрэгжиж буй чацарганы кластерийн санаачилгын үйл ажиллагаагаар харуулна. Үүний үр дүнд уламжлалт салбаруудыг хөндлөн өртгийн сүлжээ рүү татах замаар кластерийг хөгжүүлбэл урт хугацаандаа худалдааны хамтын ажиллагааг бэхжүүлж болно. Энэ нөхцөлд кластерийн санаачилга нь богино ба дунд хугацаанд 2-3 хамгийн чухал зорилтыг хамтын ажиллагааны институцийг бэхжүүлэхээр сонговол эдийн засгийн бүсийг ялгаатай төрөлжүүлэх үндэс болох төдийгүй Монгол улсад кластерийн бодлого боловсруулах нь зайлшгүй гэдгийг үзүүлнэ.
Уурын зууханд нүүрсний шаталтын явцад агаарт ялгарах бохирдуулагч хийн судалгаа
Authors: Ч Сономдагва , Ш Эрдэмцэцэг
Published: May 2017

Улаанбаатар хотын гэр хорооллуудад байрлах, агаар бохирдуулагч эх үүсвэрүүдийн нэг болох уурын зуухнуудын утаанаас ялгарах СО, SO2, NОx, нарийн ширхэгт үнсний тоосонцор /НШҮТ/ гэсэн гол бохирдуулагчдыг хэмжин харьцуулан судаллаа. Утааны ялгаралаас хамаарсан агаарын бохирдлыг тооцох бүх программын үндэс нь Гауссын тархалтын загвар байдаг. Энгийн Гауссын тархалтын загвар нь цэг дээр тулгуурладаг буюу тухайн яндан дээр тулгаарлан тооцдог. Гэхдээ үүнийг шугаман эх үүсвэр болон талбайн эх үүсвэр болгон өөрчилж бас болно. Гауссын цэгэн эх үүсвэрийн тархалт нь эх үүсвэрийн хүчин чадал, салхины хурд, яндангийн өндөр, орчны нөхцөл зэргээс хамаарна. Судалгаанд хамрагдсан нийт зуухны хүхэрлэг хийн агууламжаар 85% нь их бага хэмжээгээр стандарт хэмжээнээс хэтэрсэн байгаа бөгөөд үүнээс 30% нь стандарт хэмжээнээс 1.8-2.1 дахин хэтэрсэн байна. Энэхүү судалгааны ажилд Улаанбаатар хотын гэр хороололд байрлах уурын зуухнаас ялгарах бохирдуулагч бодисын агууламжийн түвшинг тодорхойлж, яндангийн өндөр болон ашигласан жилээс шалтгаалах хамаарлыг тооцлоо.
Хийжүүлэх урвалын тэнцвэрийн тогтмолыг тодорхойлох судалгаа
Authors: А Түмэнбаяр , Г Авид , Ч Дашпунцаг
Published: May 2017

Нүүрсийг хийжүүлэх процессын дүнд үүсэх хийн найрлагад нөлөөлдөг урвалын тэнцвэрийн тогтмолыг онолын үндсэн ойлголтоос нь хөөн тайлбарлаж, хатуу түлшийг хийжүүлэх процессын голлох урвалуудтай холбон, тэдгээрийг илэрхийлэх тэнцвэрийн тогтмолыг тодорхойлох арга зүйг судлан Гибссийн энергийн аргыг хийжүүлэлтийн тооцоонд ашиглахад тохиромжтой гэж үзлээ.
Альпин үүлдрийн ямааны зуны бэлчээр ашиглах чадвар
Authors: Д Пүрэвдолгор , Т Батсүх , Б Бейсен , Ш Баярсайхан , Д Сангажав
Published: May 2017

“Alpine” goats are from Alpine mountain which is located in the middle of France and Switzerland. They have unique features of build. For instance: they have upright ears, red-brown color with a variety of spot, and they are big and they grow very fast. Besides they are hardy, they have good polytocous and they are a breed of goats which is leading milk production in the world. Mature goats are 60-65 kg averagely. While a goat is milked for 290 days in a year, a goat produces 1000 liters of milk, 38.6 kg of fat and 33.7 kg of protein, otherwise 1 liter of milk contains 3.7% fat and 3.2% protein. We are breeding of Alpine goats under semi pasture conditionin Arvaikheer soum of Uvurkhangai province. Averge weigth of mature bucks was 60-70 kg, and milk goats was 45-50 kg. Maximun biomass of summer pasture were 5.1 centner, in grass forb dominated pasture. Regarding to the nutrition of pasture plants organic matter were 87.9%, protein 14.1%, fiber 20.9%, MDS 10.6 MJ. Buck were grazed 3.3 kg and milk goat were grazed 2.9 kg during around 10 hours of day in grass-forb dominated pasture. Averge milk goat yield were 2 liter of summer pasture grazed. Regarding to rhe content of milk fat 3.4%, protein 3.2%, sugar 4.8%, minerals 0.8%, dry matter 0.7%.
Trends in Diagnosis of Gleason Score 2 Through 4 Prostate Cancer in the National Cancer Database, 1990–2013
Authors: Gansler Ted , Fedewa Stacey A. , Lin Chun Chieh , Amin Mahul B. , Jemal Ahmedin , Ward Elizabeth M.
Published: May 2017

Context.—

The incidence of prostate cancer with Gleason scores 2 through 4 has been decreasing for decades, largely because of evolving criteria for Gleason scores, including the 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology recommendation that scores of 2 through 4 should rarely, if ever, be diagnosed based on needle biopsy. Whether trends in assigning Gleason scores 2 through 4 vary by facility type and patient characteristics is unknown.

Objective.—

To assess trends in prostate cancer grading among various categories of treatment facilities.

Design.—

Analyses of National Cancer Database records from 1990 through 2013 for 434 612 prostate cancers diagnosed by core needle biopsy, including multivariable regression for 106 331 patients with clinical T1c disease diagnosed from 2004 through 2013.

Results.—

The proportion of prostate core needle biopsies with Gleason scores 2 through 4 declined from 11 476 of 53 850 (21.3%) (1990–1994) to 96 of 43 566 (0.2%) (2010–2013). The proportions of American Joint Committee on Cancer category T1c needle biopsies assigned Gleason scores 2 through 4 were 416 of 12 796 (3.3%) and 9 of 7194 (0.1%) during 2004 and 2013, respectively. Declines occurred earliest at National Cancer Institute–designated programs and latest at community programs. A multivariable logistic model adjusting for patient demographic and clinical variables and restricted to T1c cancers diagnosed in needle biopsies from 2004 through 2013 showed that facility type is independently associated with the likelihood of cancers in such specimens being assigned Gleason scores of 2 through 4, with community centers having a statistically significant odds ratio of 5.99 relative to National Cancer Institute–designated centers.

Conclusions.—

These results strongly suggest differences in Gleason grading by pathologists practicing in different facility categories and variations in their promptness of adopting International Society of Urological Pathology recommendations.
Toward A Tri-partite Psychological Model of Prayer
Authors: Ladd Kevin
Published: May 2017

While empirical research concerning the psychology of prayer has increased significantly in the last decade, the development of theory has lagged behind observation. In this paper, we expand on our previous work conceptualizing prayer as consisting of perceived inward, outward, and upward connections (IOU) with aspects in both physical and supraphysical domains. Using a three-dimensional triangular model, we demonstratethe dynamic states associated with the act of praying as it unfolds across time and in response to specific events or contexts. The utility of the proposed model is that it offers a framework of prayer that accounts for intrapersonal variation. This can be useful in clinical contexts, where graphic portrayals of internal experiences can enhance understanding and facilitate desired change. In addition, the model can suggest the extent to which the individual embraces prayer in its most transparent connectional modes or displays a tendency to “mix and match” ways of praying in a personally construed patternof relevance. All of these features suggest that this model can provide substantial material for self-reflection and development.
Religião do livro, não da leitura: concepções da Torá no Israel Antigo
Authors: Klein Cardoso Silas
Published: May 2017

O artigo contesta a leitura simplista do fenômeno “Livro Sagrado” nas chamadas religiões do livro, que são percebidos apenas textual e não materialmente. Observando o contexto no qual os textos eram lidos/produzidos nos tempos do Antigo Israel – primeira religião do livro – argumenta-se que há anacronismo e partidarismo nas descrições da religião israelita, que apresentam uma fé puramente abstrata e imaterial e cujo protagonista, Moisés, escreve e lê um Livro Sagrado. Assim, tentando perceber a diversidade religiosa do Antigo Israel é apresentada uma reconstrução das concepções imagéticas do Livro Sagrado israelita como imagem de culto no período do Segundo Templo. É formulada uma tipologia das concepções do Livro Sagrado: (1) objetos testemunho; (2) objetos mágico-oraculares; (3) objetos identitários; (4) objetos anicônicos; desenvolvimentos ulteriores.
O perdão como separação do ato. Hermenêutica e ressignificação do construto em Mt 18,21-22 e no discurso psicanalítico
Authors: Eloy e Silva Luís Henrique
Published: May 2017

O artigo estuda o tema do perdão no discurso de Jesus sobre a vida comunitária presente no capítulo 18 de Mateus e no discurso psicanalítico. Após a compreensão do perdão em Mt 18,21-22, em estreita consonância com o tema da correção fraterna, busca-se estudar os conceitos ressentimento e perdão como duas faces de um único rosto que se conscientiza da doença do ressentimento e busca a cura pelo perdão. Enfim, a compreensão do perdão como separação do ato torna-se um ponto significativo de diálogo entre a psicanálise e a página do evangelho. Na clínica psicanalítica o perdão se dá pela consciência de que o outro pode falhar e que o sujeito, em relação à ferida, precisa se libertar para se curar; em Mt 18,21-22 o perdão se dá pela consciência do sujeito de que o outro, apesar de suas falhas e limites, não é somente seu próximo, mas é seu irmão em Cristo.
Psychology of Religion in the World
Authors: Paloutzian Raymond
Published: May 2017

The psychology of religion used to be a small and little known field. Although a few pockets of work in the area were done when Psychology began, it was functionally nonexistent for 1/3 of psychology’s history, and received little attention for most of the rest of it. However, in the past 20 years the field has become vast in scope.  It now intersects all subfields of general psychology. Also, the psychology of religion no longer exists only in Western countries.  It is now an international field with research being conducted worldwide. This article summarizes this trend and documents psychology of religion in the world and in Brazil as a part of it. The need for a multilevel interdisciplinary approach to research and theory is highlighted, as a way to synthesize knowledge of religiousness cross-culturally and trans-religiously. Future research should invoke a meaningmaking model in order to examine not merely observable religious behaviors, beliefs, or experiences, but their underlying roots, i.e., their meanings and attributions made about them. Such research can help us eliminate barriers between disciplines, cultures, religions, and nations.
A pesquisa quantitativa em Psicologia da religião no Brasil
Authors: Gomes Esperandio Mary Rute , August Hartmut
Published: May 2017

Embora a Psicologia da Religião no Brasil tenha historicamente uma tradição em pesquisa qualitativa, observa-se nos últimos anos um crescimento significativo de publicações de natureza quantitativa. Assim, este texto tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise dos estudos quantitativos em Psicologia da Religião no Brasil, publicados em língua portuguesa. Para isso, procedeu-se um levantamento dos estudos indexados no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes (Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) e no Portal de Periódicos ScieLO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online) usando vários descritores tais como: “psicologia e religião”, “psicologia e pesquisa quantitativa”, “religião e validação”, “religião e escala”, “religiosidade e escala”, “espiritualidade e escala”, “escala de bem-estar religioso espiritual”, “escala de coping religioso espiritual”, “psiquiatria e religião”, “psiquiatria e pesquisa quantitativa”, “psicologia e validação”, “psiquiatria e validação”. Foram selecionados 70 trabalhos para análise. Os resultados evidenciam que estudos em “psicologia e religião” vem de diferentes áreas de conhecimento levantando a questão sobre a especificidade do campo “psicologia da religião”. As pesquisas quantitativas apontam uma tendência de crescimento, principalmente na utilização de escalas. Os estudos indicam a necessidade de aprofundamento na reflexão sobre o papel da religiosidade e espiritualidade na saúde, nos processos de construção de sentido e propósito na vida, nos sentimentos de bem-estar espiritual e na promoção da saúde mental. Considerando que tais temas vêm sendo abordados desde campos diversos, sugere-se para fins de fortalecimento da Psicologia da Religião como área de conhecimento, a condução de estudos de natureza quali-quanti com base teórica e empírica próprias dessa disciplina.
A espiritualidade e o sentido de vida a partir do discurso do sujeito coletivo ateu
Authors: Bandeira Melo de Sá Lorena , Avellar de Aquino Thiago Antônio
Published: May 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é averiguar as associações entre espiritualidade e sentido de vida, sob a ótica dos sujeitos ateus. Parte-se da concepção de que a espiritualidade atua como importante fator protetivo do sujeito, direcionando-o a uma busca de sentido para sua vida e que independe de prática religiosa. Tal concepção baseia-se no aporte teórico da abordagem psicológica da Logoterapia e Análise Existencial. Trata-se de uma pesquisa metodológica qualitativa, em que a amostra foi de 18 sujeitos, a fim de evidenciar, através do discurso dos ateus, conceitos sobre espiritualidade e sentido de vida e suas relações. Foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada contendo as seguintes perguntas “como você definiria espiritualidade” “como você definiria sentido de vida?” “para você, o que seriam manifestações/expressões de espiritualidade?” “qual a relação que você percebe entre espiritualidade e sentido de vida?”, que foram analisadas a partir do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) para análise de dados qualitativos. O estudo evidencia que os participantes percebem espiritualidade, em sua maioria, como sendo um tipo de crença ou conexão com algo ou alguém; sentido de vida como sendo, principalmente, um objetivo ou motivação pessoal ou a atribuição que o sujeito dá de forma significativa a algo e não percebe relação entre espiritualidade e sentido de vida.
Influência do tempo de abertura da embalagem a vácuo na cor da carne bubalina e ovina
Authors: Cardoso da Luz Patrícia Aparecida , Cabarite de Oliveira Lucas , Andrighetto Cristiana , Maestá Sirlei Aparecida , Rodrigues Érico , Mendes Jorge André , De Lima Francisco Caroline , Sampaio Aranha Helena , Antunes Trivelin Gustavo , De Freitas Santos Juliana Mara
Published: May 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do período de abertura da embalagem a vácuo na cor da carnematurada e não maturada de bubalinos e ovinos. Foram utilizadas dez amostras de carne bubalina (músculolongissimus thoracis entre a 9ª e 10ª vértebra torácica) e oito amostras de carne ovina (músculo bicepsfemoris), separadas em amostras apenas embaladas a vácuo e não maturadas, e amostras maturadas por14 dias (0 a 1ºC). Foi avaliada a cor da carne (luminosidade, teor de vermelho, teor de amarelo e percepçãosubjetiva da diferença total de cor - ΔE) ao 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 minutos após a abertura da embalagem. Odelineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso em fatorial (2 x 6 x 2) com duas espécies (bubalinos eovinos) e seis tempos de abertura da embalagem (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 minutos), avaliadas em dois períodosde maturação (0 e 14 dias). Observou-se efeito linear dos tempos de abertura da embalagem para teor devermelho e quadrático para o teor de amarelo (P < 0,05) da carne bubalina não maturada e maturada. Paraa carne ovina houve efeito quadrático para teor de amarelo da carne não maturada e teor de vermelhoe amarelo da carne maturada (P < 0,05), sendo possível determinar entre 67 e 69 minutos estabilidadena cor da carne dessa espécie. Em relação ao ΔE, observou-se que para a carne bubalina as amostras nãomaturadas e maturadas por 14 dias apresentaram variações claras ao olho humano, sem estabilidade dacor até o último tempo avaliado (100 minutos) (P < 0,05). Em contraposição, a carne ovina não apresentoudiferença total de cor significativa entre os tempos de abertura da embalagem a vácuo (P > 0,05). Emboraas mudanças tenham se apresentado evidentes ao olho humano, a ausência de diferença estatística entre osvalores obtidos reforça a estabilidade da cor da carne dessa espécie. Conclui-se que mesmo com 100 minutosde abertura da embalagem a vácuo, a carne bubalina ainda apresenta alterações na cor, sendo necessário rever para essa espécie a recomendação do tempo de abertura de 30 minutos da embalagem a vácuo. Para a carneovina a estabilização da cor ocorre aos 67 e 69 minutos após a abertura da embalagem.
Therapeutic Hypothermia to Treat a Newborn With Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Fredricks Todd R. , Gibson Christopher , Essien Francis , Benseler Jeffrey S.
Published: May 2017

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is caused by neonatal asphyxia and can lead to mortality or long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity in neonates. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is one of the few effective ways to manage mitigating neurologic sequelae. The authors describe the case of a neonate who had a perinatal hypoxic insult and sustained no long-term sequelae after being treated with TH. It is important that osteopathic physicians who provide obstetric and gynecologic, perinatal, and emergency medical care are able to recognize a perinatal hypoxic event, understand the stratification of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy risk factors, and implement early TH protocols.
Past Participle Agreement in Majorcan Catalan: the Relevance of Inner Aspect
Authors: Salvà i Puig Sebastià
Published: May 2017

This paper aims to explain, from a theoretical point of view, the behaviour of past participle agreement with the object in situ (PPAOIS) in Majorcan Catalan. It is possible in perfect telic dynamic events, but not in Kimian and Davidsonian states —except for certain telic dynamic constructions built with Kiparsky (1998) and Jaque’s  (2014) high pure stative verbs—, nor in some atelic dynamic constructions (like those ones with NP objects bounded by a D or Q), although it is perfectly grammatical with bare plurals and with bare mass nouns. In order for PPAOIS to be possible, it is proposed that a specific functional head (Asp, that is to say: Proc[uq][uϕ]), related to so-called inner aspect, must be present in the event structure. Asp establishes a double Agree relation with the object, in order to get its quantisation and [uϕ] features valued. It is also explored the possibility that the [q] feature of Asp be interpretable. If Asp is not present in the structure, the impossibility of PPAOIS follows. Moreover, PPAOIS will be only materialised if a pro object co-referent with the full NP object moves through a LowTop position —similar to the AgrO projection proposed by Kayne (1989).
#KunstInnsatsen: Estetiske erfaringer og skjønnsvurderinger ved asylmottak
Authors: Arnesen Jon , Gjærum Rikke Gürgens
Published: May 2017

Artikkelen omhandler et knippe kunstdidaktikeres skjønnsutøvelse i møte med et asylmottaks beboere. Forskerne beskriver og fortolker disse kunstdeltakernes skjønnsutøvelse og diskuterer hvordan denne skjønnsutøvelsen omsatt i en kunstpraksis kan inngå i utviklingen av det kulturelle demokrati. Studien bygger på dybdeintervju av syv strategisk utvalgte informanter. Empirien fortolkes innen et fenomenologisk forskningsdesign og diskuteres i lys av Aristoteles’ phronesisbegrep’ og Rancières teori om sanselighetens politikk og demokratiske forståelse av samfunnets fordeling av det sanselige.
Cucurbitacins: elucidation of their interactions with the cytoskeleton
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Tanaka Mine , Peixoto Herbenya Silva , Wink Michael
Published: May 2017

Cucurbitacins, a class of toxic tetracyclic triterpenoids in Cucurbitaceae, modulate many molecular targets. Here we investigated the interactions of cucurbitacin B, E and I with cytoskeletal proteins such as microtubule and actin filaments. The effects of cucurbitacin B, E and I on microtubules and actin filaments were studied in living cells (Hela and U2OS) and in vitro using GFP markers, immunofluorescence staining and in vitro tubulin polymerization assay. Cucurbitacin B, E and I apparently affected microtubule structures in living cells and cucurbitacin E inhibited tubulin polymerization in vitro with IC50 value of 566.91 ± 113.5 µM. Cucurbitacin E did not affect the nucleation but inhibited the growth phase and steady state during microtubule assembly in vitro. In addition, cucurbitacin B, E and I all altered mitotic spindles and induced the cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Moreover, they all showed potent effects on actin cytoskeleton by affecting actin filaments through the depolymerization and aggregation. The interactions of cucubitacin B, E and I with microtubules and actin filaments present new insights into their modes of action.
Impact of enzymatic digestion on bacterial community composition in CF airway samples
Authors: Williamson Kayla M. , Wagner Brandie D. , Robertson Charles E. , Johnson Emily J. , Zemanick Edith T. , Harris J. Kirk
Published: May 2017

Background

Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of DNA extraction methods for molecular detection ofStaphylococcus,an important bacterial group in cystic fibrosis (CF). We sought to evaluate the effect of enzymatic digestion (EnzD) prior to DNA extraction on bacterial communities identified in sputum and oropharyngeal swab (OP) samples from patients with CF.

Methods

DNA from 81 samples (39 sputum and 42 OP) collected from 63 patients with CF was extracted in duplicate with and without EnzD. Bacterial communities were determined by rRNA gene sequencing, and measures of alpha and beta diversity were calculated. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) was used to assess differences at the community level and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were used to compare relative abundance (RA) of individual genera for paired samples with and without EnzD.

Results

Shannon Diversity Index (alpha-diversity) decreased in sputum and OP samples with the use of EnzD. Larger shifts in community composition were observed for OP samples (beta-diversity, measured by Morisita-Horn), whereas less change in communities was observed for sputum samples. The use of EnzD with OP swabs resulted in significant increase in RA for the generaGemella(p < 0.01),Streptococcus(p < 0.01), andRothia(p < 0.01).Staphylococcus(p < 0.01) was the only genus with a significant increase in RA from sputum, whereas the following genera decreased in RA with EnzD:Veillonella(p < 0.01),Granulicatella(p < 0.01),Prevotella(p < 0.01), andGemella(p = 0.02). In OP samples, higher RA of Gram-positive taxa was associated with larger changes in microbial community composition.

Discussion

We show that the application of EnzD to CF airway samples, particularly OP swabs, results in differences in microbial communities detected by sequencing. Use of EnzD can result in large changes in bacterial community composition, and is particularly useful for detection ofStaphylococcusin CF OP samples. The enhanced identification ofStaphylococcus aureusis a strong indication to utilize EnzD in studies that use OP swabs to monitor CF airway communities.
SIX4 promotes metastasis via activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Guodong , Hu Fuqing , Luo Xuelai , Hu Junbo , Feng Yongdong
Published: May 2017

Background

Several studies report aberrant expression of sine oculis homeobox (SIX) homolog family members during cancer development and progression. SIX4 participates in organ development, such as myogenesis and neurogenesis. However, the expression and clinical implication of SIX4 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear.

Methods

The SIX4 expression levels in colorectal patients were assessed in nine different human cancer arrays and compared using patient survival data. SIX4 expression was silenced in two cell culture lines for invasion and wound healing assessment. Finally, bioinformatics assessments ascertained the pathways impacted by SIX4.

Results

SIX4 was upregulated in The Cancer Genome Atlas CRC cohort and other gene expression omnibus (GEO) cohorts. In addition, SIX4 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and advanced Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stages. Moreover, SIX4 overexpression was related to unfavorable prognosis in CRC patients. Silencing SIX4 inhibited CRC cell metastasis by surpressing AKT phosphorylation.

Discussion

SIX4 is upregulated in CRC and can be used as a prognosis biomarker.
Character strengths, social anxiety, and physiological stress reactivity
Authors: Li Tingting , Duan Wenjie , Guo Pengfei
Published: May 2017

In this paper, the effects of character strengths on the physiological reactivity to social anxiety induced by the Trier Social Stress Task were reported. On the basis of their scores in the Chinese Virtues Questionnaire, 30 college students were assigned to either high- (n = 15) or low-character-strength (n = 15) groups. Their psychological stress and physiological data across three laboratory stages (namely, baseline, stress exposure, and post-stress) were collected. Results indicated that individuals with high character strengths exhibited rapid cardiovascular recovery from baseline to post-stress even if high- and low-character-strength groups showed similar patterns of cardiovascular arousal in response to the stress at baseline and stress exposure. These results prove that character strengths are stress-defense factors that allow for psychological and physiological adaptation to stress.
A Natureza Física e o homem – Paixões em Manoel de Barros
Authors: Azevedo Lucy Ferreira , Backes Edirles Mattje
Published: May 2017

Os poemas de Manoel de Barros, analisados a partir da intersecção ethos,logos e pathos, focalizam a paixão pela natureza vivenciada pelo homem pantaneiro . A Nova Retórica, para descrever a paixão pela natureza, é o instrumento para a análise do poema como argumento, mostrando o pantanal - seus habitus, fauna e flora – como cenário que provoca no homem os movimentos passionais. O estudo das metáforas sob a perspectiva de Lakoff e Johnson descortinam também uma forma singular de construir poesia de nosso autor, associando a invenção a uma memória denominada discursiva. A análise da argumentação mostra a cultura mato-grossense determinada pelo Pantanal que condiciona o homem a uma forma peculiar de viver.
Controvérsias acerca da certificação de indicação geográfica do Capim Dourado do Jalapão. O caso da Comunidade Mumbuca, Mateiros, TO
Authors: Lopes José Rogério , Silva Alex Pizzio
Published: May 2017

O artigo descreve o contexto de produção de artefatos culturais em Capim Dourado, na região do Jalapão, TO, com foco na trajetória da Comunidade Quilombola Extrativista do Mumbuca, localizada no município de Mateiros, e sua correspondência com as políticas culturais. Nesse contexto, as descrições da trajetória da associação local de artesãos e suas parcerias evidenciam condicionantes institucionais e ambientais que afetaram suas técnicas de produção e impuseram dificuldades atuais aos atores. Os processos descritos convergem para a discussão sobre a certificação de indicação geográfica do Capim Dourado, ocorrida na VII Festa da Colheita do Capim Dourado, promovida por aquela comunidade, em 2015, e suas repercussões.
Combined Methylphenidate and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Lee Dong Yun , Kim Chungsoo , Shin Yunmi , Park Rae Woong
Published: October 2024

Importance

Depression is a common comorbidity of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the combination of methylphenidate and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is a frequently prescribed treatment. However, there is limited clinical evidence on the safety of this medication combination in adults with ADHD.

Objective

To evaluate the safety of administering a combination of SSRI and methylphenidate in adults with ADHD and comorbid depression.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study obtained data from a nationwide claims database in South Korea from January 2016 to February 2021. Participants were adults aged 18 years or older with a diagnosis of ADHD and depressive disorder who were prescribed methylphenidate. Comparisons of 4 groups who received prescriptions were conducted: (1) SSRI plus methylphenidate (hereafter, SSRI) group vs methylphenidate-only group and (2) methylphenidate plus fluoxetine (hereafter, fluoxetine) group vs methylphenidate plus escitalopram (hereafter, escitalopram) group (compared to find a preferable treatment option). Data analysis was conducted between July and December 2023.

Exposures

New users of the methylphenidate and SSRI combination among adults with both ADHD and depressive disorder.

Main Outcomes and Measures

A total of 17 primary and secondary outcomes, including neuropsychiatric and other events, were assessed, with respiratory tract infection used as a control outcome. Groups were matched at a 1:1 ratio using a propensity score to balance confounders. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate hazard ratio (HRs) and 95% CIs. Subgroup analysis by sex and sensitivity analyses in varying epidemiologic settings were conducted.

Results

The study included 17 234 adults with ADHD (mean [SD] age at study entry, 29.4 [10.8] years; 9079 females [52.7%]). There was no difference in the risk of outcomes between the methylphenidate-only and SSRI groups, except for a lower risk of headache in the SSRI group (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.24-0.99). In sensitivity analyses of fluoxetine vs escitalopram, the risk of hypertension (HR: 1:n matching, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.08-0.67) and hyperlipidemia (HR: 1:n matching, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.04-0.81) was lower in the fluoxetine group than in the escitalopram group.

Conclusions and Relevance

Results of this study revealed no significant increase in adverse event risk associated with use of SSRI plus methylphenidate vs methylphenidate alone in adults with ADHD and comorbid depression. Instead, the combination was associated with a lower risk of headache.
Automated quality control analysis for American College of Radiology (ACR) digital mammography (DM) phantom images
Authors: Alawaji Zeyad , Taba Seyedamir Tavakoli , Cartwright Lucy , Rae William
Published: October 2024

Purpose

To develop and validate an automated software analysis method for mammography image quality assessment of the American College of Radiology (ACR) digital mammography (DM) phantom images.

Methods

Twenty‐seven DICOM images were acquired using Fuji mammography systems. All images were evaluated by three expert medical physicists using the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) mammography quality control guideline. To enhance the robustness and sensitivity assessment of our algorithm, an additional set of 12 images from a Hologic mammography system was included to test various phantom positional adjustments. The software automatically chose multiple regions of interest (ROIs) for analysis. A template matching method was primarily used for image analysis, followed by an additional method that locates and scores each target object (speck groups, fibers, and masses).

Results

The software performance shows a good to excellent agreement with the average scoring of observers (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] of 0.75, 0.79, 0.82 for speck groups, fibers, and masses, respectively). No significant differences were found in the scoring of target objects between human observers and the software. Both methods achieved scores meeting the pass criteria for speck groups and masses. Expert observers allocated lower scores to fiber objects, with diameters less than 0.61 mm, when compared to the software. The software was able to accurately score objects when the phantom position changed by up to 25 mm laterally, up to 5 degrees rotation, and overhanging the chest wall edge by up to 15 mm.

Conclusions

Automated software analysis is a feasible method that may help improve the consistency and reproducibility of mammography image quality assessment with reduced reliance on human interaction and processing time.