bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative characterization of two intracellular Ca2+-release channels from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Liu Yaping , Li Chengjun , Gao Jingkun , Wang Wenlong , Huang Li , Guo Xuezhu , Li Bin , Wang Jianjun
Published: October 2014

Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are members of a family of tetrameric intracellular Ca2+-release channels (CRCs). While it is well known in mammals that RyRs and IP3Rs modulate multiple physiological processes, the roles of these two CRCs in the development and physiology of insects remain poorly understood. In this study, we cloned and functionally characterized RyR and IP3R cDNAs (named TcRyR and TcIP3R) from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. The composite TcRyR gene contains an ORF of 15,285 bp encoding a protein of 5,094 amino acid residues. The TcIP3R contains an 8,175 bp ORF encoding a protein of 2,724 amino acids. Expression analysis of TcRyR and TcIP3R revealed significant differences in mRNA expression levels among T. castaneum during different developmental stages. When the transcript levels of TcRyR were suppressed by RNA interference (RNAi), an abnormal folding of the adult hind wings was observed, while the RNAi-mediated knockdown of TcIP3R resulted in defective larval–pupal and pupal–adult metamorphosis. These results suggested that TcRyR is required for muscle excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling in T. castaneum and that calcium release via IP3R might play an important role in regulating ecdysone synthesis and release during molting and metamorphosis in insects.
Ruthenium-Based Catalysts for Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Kondo Teruyuki , Kimura YU , Yamada Hisatsugu , Toshimitsu Akio
Published: October 2014

Oxidation reactions continue to play an important role in organic chemistry, and the increasing demand for greener oxidation methods in modern organic synthesis has led to rich developments in the field during recent decades. In order to minimize waste, catalytic methods are one of the most promising solutions, and allow the use of molecular O2 and air as readily available, terminal and ideal oxidants. Ruthenium's versatility is due to the wide range of accessible oxidation states, from −2 to +8, and the different types of oxidation mechanisms that are operative, depending on the ruthenium sources used. In this chapter, the focus is on green oxidation techniques using promising or potentially promising both homogeneous and heterogeneous ruthenium-based catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones.
Asymmetric Oxidation of Alcohols and Phenol Derivatives with Air as Oxidant
Authors: Oguma Takuya , Katsuki Tsutomu
Published: October 2014

Transition metal catalysis is a cornerstone of modern asymmetric synthesis. Recently, late transition metal complexes have attracted increasing attention because of their unique redox properties in aerobic oxidation catalysis. Among them, ruthenium, iridium and iron complexes have been found to serve as efficient catalysts for the asymmetric oxidation of aliphatic and aromatic hydroxy compounds using dioxygen in air as an oxidant, to afford optically active organic substances such as alcohols, esters, symmetric and non-symmetric 1,1′-biarenols, and cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones. The use of dioxygen that is ubiquitous in air renders these oxidation reactions green and practical, because it is highly atom efficient and available without energy consumption for transport. In this chapter, enantioselective oxidative transformations, including kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols, desymmetrization of meso-diols, asymmetric coupling and dearomatization of aromatic hydroxy compounds, which use ruthenium, iridium and iron complexes as catalysts and air as oxidant, are described.
Overview: Representative Experimental Procedures, Comparative Tables and Conclusions
Authors: Cardona Francesca , Parmeggiani Camilla
Published: October 2014

A brief overview is given of the most important procedures for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by transition metals, focusing on the different types of alcohols (primary, secondary and propargylic) and on the possibility of achieving this reaction in a selective way (aldehydes versus carboxylic acids when primary alcohols are used). Representative experimental procedures (including the preparation of nanocatalysts) are highlighted. Selected reactions in alternative solvents are also briefly mentioned, with the aim of catalyst recovery and reuse, and tables are appended to compare different catalysts.
Graphene oxide amplified fluorescence anisotropy for label-free detection of potassium ion
Authors: Zhen Shu Jun , Yu Yan , Li Chun Mei , Huang Cheng Zhi
Published: October 2014

A label-free fluorescence anisotropy method for the sensitive detection of potassium ion, by using graphene oxide as enhancer, was established.
Making pyrophosphate visible: the first precipitable and real-time fluorescent sensor for pyrophosphate in aqueous solution
Authors: Jiao Shu-Yan , Li Kun , Wang Xin , Huang Zeng , Pu Lin , Yu Xiao-Qi
Published: October 2014

An in situ generated Zn2+ complex of di-2-(picoly) amine BINOL–DPA was presented as a precipitable and real-time fluorescent sensor for PPi with a detection limit of 95 nm, and it could be successfully applied in imaging PPi in living cells.
Structural, optical and sensing properties of novel Eu(iii) complexes with furan- and pyridine-based ligands
Authors: Piccinelli Fabio , Bettinelli Marco , Melchior Andrea , Grazioli Cristian , Tolazzi Marilena
Published: October 2014

Effect of the ligand's donor ability on the luminescence sensing of nitrate anions.
RNA and DNA binding of inert oligonuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes in live eukaryotic cells
Authors: Li Xin , Gorle Anil K. , Ainsworth Tracy D. , Heimann Kirsten , Woodward Clifford E. , Grant Collins J. , Richard Keene F.
Published: October 2014

Oligonuclear polypyridylruthenium(ii) complexes show selectivity for the nucleus of eukaryotic cells with a considerable preference for the RNA-rich nucleolus.
Oxidation of primary and secondary benzylic alcohols with hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide catalyzed by a “helmet” phthalocyaninato iron complex in the absence of added organic solvent
Authors: Peterson Brian M. , Herried Morgan E. , Neve Rachel L. , McGaff Robert W.
Published: October 2014

A “helmet” metallophthalocyanine of iron(iii) is a very effective catalyst for benzylic alcohol oxidation in the absence of added organic solvent.
Highly emissive copper(i) complexes bearing diimine and bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane
Authors: Nishikawa Michihiro , Sawamura Shota , Haraguchi Aya , Morikubo Jun , Takao Koichiro , Tsubomura Taro
Published: October 2014

Highly emissive copper(i) complexes bearing 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane and 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives were newly synthesized. The quantum yields of the photoluminescence are up to 0.38.
High efficiency hybrid PEDOT:PSS/nanostructured silicon Schottky junction solar cells by doping-free rear contact
Authors: Zhang Yunfang , Cui Wei , Zhu Yawen , Zu Fengshuo , Liao Liangsheng , Lee Shuit-Tong , Sun Baoquan
Published: October 2014

An excellent PCE of 13.7% has been achieved by inserting a solution processed Cs2CO3 layer between nanostructured Si and Al.
Filamentous sludge bulking control by nano zero-valent iron in activated sludge treatment systems
Authors: Xu Shengnan , Sun Minghao , Zhang Chiqian , Surampalli Rao , Hu Zhiqiang
Published: October 2014

Sludge bulking causes loss of biomass in the effluent and deterioration of effluent water quality.
Molecular dynamics simulations of wild type and mutants of botulinum neurotoxin A complexed with synaptic vesicle protein 2C
Authors: Wang Feng , Wan Hua , Hu Jian-ping , Chang Shan
Published: October 2014

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the relationship between the conformational changes of BoNT/A-RBD:SV2C-LD and the interfacial interactions.
Temporal-logic analysis of microglial phenotypic conversion with exposure to amyloid-β
Authors: Anastasio Thomas J.
Published: October 2014

Computational analysis using temporal logic shows how brain microglia could switch between phenotypes in response to amyloid-β or cytokines.
Permethrin and its metabolites affect Cu/Zn superoxide conformation: fluorescence and in silico evidences
Authors: Rosita Gabbianelli , Manuel Carloni , Franco Marmocchi , Cinzia Nasuti , Donatella Fedeli , Emiliano Laudadio , Luca Massaccesi , Roberta Galeazzi
Published: October 2014

Permethrin and its metabolites affect the structure and activity of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), as it results from intrinsic fluorescence, 8-ANS fluorescence techniques andin silicostudies.
Polymeric micelles for hydrogen sulfide delivery
Authors: Hasegawa Urara , van der Vlies André J.
Published: October 2014

Hydrogen sulfide-releasing polymeric micelles enhanced pro-inflammatory responses induced by gardiquimod, a toll-like receptor 7 ligand, showing potential in immunotherapy and vaccine development.
Biomarkers to assess the efficiency of treatment with platinum-based drugs: what can metallomics add?
Authors: Araujo Thiago de O. , Costa Lilian T. , Fernandes Janaina , Aucélio Ricardo Queiroz , de Campos Reinaldo Calixto
Published: October 2014

The growing importance of biomarkers in platinum-based chemotherapy could play an important role in medical decision making. This mini review points out targets for metallomics to help reach this goal sooner.
Iron and oxygen sensing: a tale of 2 interacting elements?
Authors: Simpson Robert J. , McKie Andrew T.
Published: October 2014

Iron and oxygen metabolism are intimately linked with one another.
Nanoscale voxel spectroscopy by simultaneous EELS and EDS tomography
Authors: Haberfehlner Georg , Orthacker Angelina , Albu Mihaela , Li Jiehua , Kothleitner Gerald
Published: October 2014

3D elemental maps and EELS and EDS spectrum volumes of an Al–Si-based alloy are reconstructed using analytical electron tomography.
Evaluation of a focused virtual library of heterobifunctional ligands for Clostridium difficile toxins
Authors: Sanhueza Carlos A. , Cartmell Jonathan , El-Hawiet Amr , Szpacenko Adam , Kitova Elena N. , Daneshfar Rambod , Klassen John S. , Lang Dean E. , Eugenio Luiz , Ng Kenneth K.-S. , Kitov Pavel I. , Bundle David R.
Published: October 2014

Higher activity glycopeptoid ligands for two largeClostridium difficiletoxins TcdA and TcdB were discoveredviamodular fragment-based design and virtual screening.
The difference of roles of alkaline-earth metal oxides on silica-supported nickel catalysts for CO2 methanation
Authors: Guo Meng , Lu Gongxuan
Published: October 2014

Modification of alkaline-earth oxides to Ni/SiO2 catalyst could affect significantly the reducibility of Ni species under the given reduction conditions.
Effective removal of Cr(vi) through adsorption and reduction by magnetic mesoporous carbon incorporated with polyaniline
Authors: Yang Guide , Tang Lin , Cai Ye , Zeng Guangming , Guo Pucan , Chen Guiqiu , Zhou Yaoyu , Tang Jing , Chen Jun , Xiong Weiping
Published: October 2014

Magnetic mesoporous carbon incorporated with polyaniline (PANI–Fe/OMC) is developed for enhanced adsorption and reduction of toxic Cr(vi) to non-toxic Cr(iii).
Chemical computing based on Turing patterns in two coupled cells with equal transport coefficients
Authors: Muzika František , Schreiberová Lenka , Schreiber Igor
Published: October 2014

Two diffusively coupled reaction cells with a nonlinear reaction are used to perform chemical computing based on targeted perturbations switching between two Turing patterns defining two states of a logical device.
Polyester derived from recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste for regenerative medicine
Authors: Sarkar Kishor , Krishna Meka Sai Rama , Bagchi Amrit , Krishna N. S. , Ramachandra S. G. , Madras Giridhar , Chatterjee Kaushik
Published: October 2014

Fabrication of 3D scaffold from PET waste for tissue engineering.
A novel signal amplification strategy of an electrochemical immunosensor for human chorionic gonadotropin, based on nanocomposites of multi-walled carbon nanotubes–ionic liquid and nanoporous Pd
Authors: Guo Wenjuan , Liu Yiming , Meng Xue , Pei Meishan , Jinping Wang Jinping Wang , Wang Luyan
Published: October 2014

A novel electrochemical immunosensor using MWCNTs–BMIMPF6/NP-Pd as a sensor platform to sequentially immobilize antibodies was developed for hCG detection.
Synthesis of porous microspheres composed of graphitized carbon@amorphous silicon/carbon layers as high performance anode materials for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Zailei , Wang Yanhong , Ren Wenfeng , Zhong Ziyi , Su Fabing
Published: October 2014

Amorphous silicon/carbon (Si/C) layers coated on graphitized carbon black (GCB) particles in porous microspheres (PMs) exhibited an improved electrochemical performance.
A photochromic and thermochromic fluorescent protein
Authors: Shen Y. , Wiens M. D. , Campbell R. E.
Published: October 2014

An engineered fluorescent protein exhibits visibly striking photochromism and thermochromism under ambient conditions.
Microfluidics & nanotechnology: towards fully integrated analytical devices for the detection of cancer biomarkers
Authors: Perozziello G. , Candeloro P. , Gentile F. , Nicastri A. , Perri A. , Coluccio M. L. , Adamo A. , Pardeo F. , Catalano R. , Parrotta E. , Espinosa H. D. , Cuda G. , Di Fabrizio E.
Published: October 2014

In this paper, we describe an innovative modular microfluidic platform allowing filtering, concentration and analysis of peptides from a complex mixture.
Curcumin-derived green plasticizers for poly(vinyl) chloride
Authors: Saltos José A. , Shi Wei , Mancuso Andrew , Sun Chong , Park Tai , Averick Nechama , Punia Kamia , Fata Jimmie , Raja Krishnwaswami
Published: October 2014

Environmentally friendly, highly effective, and non-cytotoxic curcumin-derived plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) was synthesized via a high atom economic route.
A self-healing and multi-responsive hydrogel based on biodegradable ferrocene-modified chitosan
Authors: Li Ya-Kun , Guo Cheng-Gong , Wang Liang , Xu Youqian , Liu Chen-yang , Wang Cai-Qi
Published: October 2014

Here, we present a novel and facile method for constructing a self-healing hydrogel with multi-responses to external stimuli via the self-assemble of biodegradable ferrocene-modified chitosan (FcCS) in an acid aqueous solution.
Active phase of highly active Co3O4 catalyst for synthetic natural gas production
Authors: Wang Baowei , Liu Sihan , Hu Zongyuan , Li Zhenhua , Ma Xinbin
Published: October 2014

Co3O4 nanoparticles showed high catalytic activity for low temperature CO methanation. CoO is the active phase of the catalyst. Pre-reduction treatment can improve catalytic stability.
How droplets nucleate and grow on liquids and liquid impregnated surfaces
Authors: Anand Sushant , Rykaczewski Konrad , Subramanyam Srinivas Bengaluru , Beysens Daniel , Varanasi Kripa K.
Published: October 2014

Condensation on subcooled liquids is most likely to occur at the liquid–air interface. On cloaking liquids, droplets are instantaneously cloaked post-nucleation, get submerged, and this cycle starts afresh. Viscosity of the liquid plays the main role in droplet growth.
Thermodynamics of linear and star polymers at fluid interfaces
Authors: Taddese Tseden , Carbone Paola , Cheung David L.
Published: October 2014

Performing molecular dynamics simulations on model systems we study the structural changes and thermodynamic stability of polymers of varying topology (linear and star-shaped) at interface between two liquids.
A comparative study of the structure, energetic performance and stability of nitro-NNO-azoxy substituted explosives
Authors: Wang Yuan , Li Shenghua , Li Yuchuan , Zhang Rubo , Wang Dong , Pang Siping
Published: October 2014

Nitro-NNO-azoxy group: the unique structure could improve the density, heat of formation, detonation velocity and detonation pressure of an explosive. Compared with the nitro group, the nitro-NNO-azoxy group has a stronger energetic and electron-attracting property.
SnO2 nanowire anchored graphene nanosheet matrix for the superior performance of Li-ion thin film battery anode
Authors: Thomas Rajesh , Mohan Rao G.
Published: October 2014

All solid state batteries are essential candidate for miniaturizing the portable electronics devices.
Halide perovskite materials for solar cells: a theoretical review
Authors: Yin Wan-Jian , Yang Ji-Hui , Kang Joongoo , Yan Yanfa , Wei Su-Huai
Published: October 2014

First-principles calculations help to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the emerging perovskite solar cells and guide further developments.
Polybenzofulvene derivatives bearing dynamic binding sites as potential anticancer drug delivery systems
Authors: Cappelli Andrea , Grisci Giorgio , Paolino Marco , Razzano Vincenzo , Giuliani Germano , Donati Alessandro , Bonechi Claudia , Mendichi Raniero , Boccia Antonella Caterina , Licciardi Mariano , Scialabba Cinzia , Giammona Gaetano , Vomero Salvatore
Published: October 2014

A polybenzofulvene brush is functionalized with a synthetic receptor capable of interacting with doxorubicin.
DNA protection against ultraviolet irradiation by encapsulation in a multilayered SiO2/TiO2assembly
Authors: Paunescu D. , Mora C. A. , Puddu M. , Krumeich F. , Grass R. N.
Published: October 2014

The here presented method allows to protect DNA against UV-induced damage by encapsulating it in a core–shell–shell particulate construct.
The impact of molecular planarity on electronic devices in thienoisoindigo-based organic semiconductors
Authors: Odajima Takefumi , Ashizawa Minoru , Konosu Yuichi , Matsumoto Hidetoshi , Mori Takehiko
Published: October 2014

The influence of molecular planarity on field-effect-transistor and photovoltaic cell performance in thienoisoindigo derivatives has been studied.
p58IPK is an inhibitor of the eIF2α kinase GCN2 and its localization and expression underpin protein synthesis and ER processing capacity
Authors: Roobol Anne , Roobol Jo , Bastide Amandine , Knight John R. P. , Willis Anne E. , Smales C. Mark
Published: October 2014

One of the key cellular responses to stress is the attenuation of mRNA translation and protein synthesis via the phosphorylation of eIF2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α). This is mediated by four eIF2α kinases and it has been suggested that each kinase is specific to the cellular stress imposed. In the present study, we show that both PERK (PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/eIF2α kinase 3) and GCN2 (general control non-derepressible 2/eIF2α kinase 4) are required for the stress responses associated with conditions encountered by cells overexpressing secreted recombinant protein. Importantly, whereas GCN2 is the kinase that is activated following cold-shock/hypothermic culturing of mammalian cells, PERK and GCN2 have overlapping functions since knockdown of one of these at the mRNA level is compensated for by the cell by up-regulating levels of the other. The protein p58IPK {also known as DnaJ3C [DnaJ heat-shock protein (hsp) 40 homologue, subfamily C, member 3]} is known to inhibit the eIF2α kinases PKR (dsRNA-dependent protein kinase/eIF2α kinase 2) and PERK and hence prevent or delay eIF2α phosphorylation and consequent inhibition of translation. However, we show that p58IPK is a general inhibitor of the eIF2α kinases in that it also interacts with GCN2. Thus forced overexpression of cytoplasmic p58 delays eIF2α phosphorylation, suppresses GCN2 phosphorylation and prolongs protein synthesis under endoplasmic reticulum (ER), hypothermic and prolonged culture stress conditions. Taken together, our data suggest that there is considerable cross talk between the eIF2α kinases to ensure that protein synthesis is tightly regulated. Their activation is controlled by p58 and the expression levels and localization of this protein are crucial in the capacity the cells to respond to cellular stress via control of protein synthesis rates and subsequent folding in the ER.
Structural determinants of host specificity of complement Factor H recruitment by Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Achila David , Liu Aizhuo , Banerjee Rahul , Li Yue , Martinez-Hackert Erik , Zhang Jing-Ren , Yan Honggao
Published: October 2014

Many human pathogens have strict host specificity, which affects not only their epidemiology but also the development of animal models and vaccines. Complement Factor H (FH) is recruited to pneumococcal cell surface in a human-specific manner via the N-terminal domain of the pneumococcal protein virulence factor choline-binding protein A (CbpAN). FH recruitment enables Streptococcus pneumoniae to evade surveillance by human complement system and contributes to pneumococcal host specificity. The molecular determinants of host specificity of complement evasion are unknown. In the present study, we show that a single human FH (hFH) domain is sufficient for tight binding of CbpAN, present the crystal structure of the complex and identify the critical structural determinants for host-specific FH recruitment. The results offer new approaches to the development of better animal models for pneumococcal infection and redesign of the virulence factor for pneumococcal vaccine development and reveal how FH recruitment can serve as a mechanism for both pneumococcal complement evasion and adherence.
A cholesterol consensus motif is required for efficient intracellular transport and raft association of a group 2 HA from influenza virus
Authors: de Vries Maren , Herrmann Andreas , Veit Michael
Published: October 2014

The HA (haemagglutinin) of influenza viruses must be recruited to membrane rafts to perform its function in membrane fusion and virus budding. We previously showed using FRET that deletion of the two raft-targeting features of HA, S-acylation at the cytoplasmic tail and the hydrophobic amino acids VIL (Val-Ile-Leu) in the outer part of the TMR (transmembrane region), lead to reduced raft association. In addition, exchange of VIL, but not of the S-acylation sites severely retards transport of HA through the Golgi. In the present study, we have further characterized the ill-defined signal in the TMR. A sequence comparison suggests that the leucine residue of VIL might be part of a CCM (cholesterol consensus motif) that is known to bind cholesterol to seven-transmembrane receptors. The signal also comprises a lysine residue and a tryptophan residue on one and a tyrosine residue on another TMR helix and is conserved in group 2 HAs. Mutations in the CCM retard Golgi-localized processing of HA, such as acquisition of Endo H (endoglycosidase H)-resistant carbohydrates in the medial Golgi and proteolytic cleavage in the TGN (trans-Golgi network). The delay in transport of HA to and from the medial Golgi varied with the mutation, suggesting that different transport steps are affected. All mutants analysed by FRET also showed reduced association with rafts at the plasma membrane. Thus the raft-targeting signal of HA encompasses not only hydrophobic, but also aromatic and positively charged, residues. We speculate that binding to cholesterol might facilitate intracellular transport of HA and association with rafts.
Stability and L2 ‐gain performance for non‐linear switched impulsive systems
Authors: Liu Yang , Lu Jianquan , Wu Bo
Published: October 2014

In this study, the authors investigate the exponential stability and L2 ‐gain for a class of non‐linear switched impulsive systems with time‐varying disturbances. Using the concept of average impulsive interval incorporated with a piecewise Lyapunov function, some new stability criteria and disturbance attenuation properties are presented. The derived criteria are theoretically proved to be less conservative than some existing results. A numerical example as well as its simulation is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.
Robust coordinated control for hybrid electric bus with single‐shaft parallel hybrid powertrain
Authors: Yang Chao , Jiao Xiaohong , Li Liang , Zhang Yahui , Zhang Lipeng , Song Jian
Published: October 2014

The efficient coupling driving control is a key technique that affects both the fuel economy and drivability of the hybrid electric bus (HEB). However, the uncertainties resulting from the complex driving condition and the powertrain would affect the control performance. To solve this problem, this study proposes a novel control approach, which is elaborately integrated with multi‐controllers under the consideration of properties of the city‐bus‐route and the hybrid powertrain configuration. First, a torque split strategy with the automated mechanical transmission (AMT) gear‐shifting strategy is employed to adapt the driving intention quantified by fuzzy logic. Then the coordinated control mechanism is constructed through utilising the electric machine (EM) to compensate the response deviation of engine torque, meanwhile a robust controller is designed to withstand parameter perturbation and external disturbance existing in EM. Simulation results show that the operating points of the engine and EM are adjusted into the high‐efficiency areas with the assistance of AMT gear‐shifting, and the EM torque tracking performance especially when parameter perturbation and external disturbance appear. Moreover, the strategy adaptively distributed the driving torque in the predefined working modes for different driver's intentions. Thus, the efficient coupling driving of HEB might be implemented by the proposed method.
Trust‐based self‐organising network control
Authors: Haus Tomislav , Palunko Ivana , Tolić Domagoj , Bogdan Stjepan , Lewis Frank L. , Mikulski Dariusz G.
Published: October 2014

This study proposes a mechanism for decentralised trust‐based self‐organising network control. The driving force of this work is the idea that some agents are more versed in certain tasks, such as communication, data processing, localisation or trajectory tracking, at a given moment. The author's control objective is to reach an agreement throughout the network regarding each agent's suitability for a certain task. In particular, this study is interested in cultivating network trust towards each agent. Trust values reflect the reputation of each agent within the group. The authors initialise individual trust values towards each agent based on local observations and observations received from the neighbours. Next, a trust‐dependent consensus‐based mechanism is employed. Since this mechanism is decentralised, scenarios with unequal trusts values towards one agent need to be handled with caution in order not to compromise the collective behaviour. To that end, they employ adaptive control concepts when negotiating trust values. They formally prove convergence of the proposed adaptive mechanism for the network topologies that can be represented with directed weighted graphs. The proposed mechanism is illustrated through a case study of decentralised formation control of autonomous agents. They provide an in‐depth analysis of several possible scenarios regarding the proposed control structure.
Unknown input based observer synthesis for uncertain Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems
Authors: Yeh Shan‐Ju , Chang Wei , Wang Wen‐June
Published: October 2014

Observer design for a Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy system with uncertainties is extremely difficult because the estimation error is incapable of approaching zero asymptotically due to the existence of uncertainty terms. In this study, by regarding the uncertainty as an unknown input, with some particular derivation, the authors successfully synthesize a fuzzy observer which guarantees that the error will converge to zero asymptotically. Based on Lyapunov theory and linear matrix inequality tools, the main theorem is derived for the fuzzy observer synthesis. This study does not limit the size of uncertainties, but the uncertainties have to satisfy a specific matching condition in order to use the unknown input concept. Finally, a numerical example is given to show that the proposed approach is effective in estimating system's states subject to system uncertainties.
Amitran methodology framework for evaluating the impact of information and communication technology‐based measures on CO2 emissions in the transport field
Authors: Mahmod Mohamed , Jonkers Eline , Klunder Gerdien A. , Benz Thomas , Winder Andrew
Published: October 2014

Transport is an important source of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Although the applications of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for transport, also known as intelligent transport systems, are seen as having great potential to help reduce emissions from road transport, their exact impact on CO2 emissions are uncertain for decision makers from government to industry. This uncertainty hinders the deployment of such applications. Therefore there is a need for a common evaluation approach to assess the CO2 impact of ICT measures in a systemic and realistic way. In this study, a methodology framework to evaluate the impact of ICT measures on CO2 emissions is explained. The methodology was developed within the European Union FP7 project Amitran. In particular, this study focuses on the outline and the framework architecture of the methodology as well as the required interfaces between the required models. The use of the methodology is demonstrated by applying it to a use case of dynamic traffic light systems. Finally, the efforts made to validate the methodology and make it accessible to users are explained.
State transition matrix of inhomogeneous planar layers
Authors: Zarifi Davoud , Soleimani Mohammad , Abdolali Ali
Published: October 2014

In this study, the computation and properties of the state transition matrix of inhomogeneous planar layered media are investigated. Furthermore, non‐reciprocity of inhomogeneous planar layered media is shown using the transition matrix method. This theorem says that the plane wave transmission coefficients for a slab with inhomogeneity along the direction perpendicular to the interfaces are the same when the wave incidences on the slab from left or from right, but that the reflection coefficients usually differ. The validation of the results is studied finally through some typical examples.
Controllable triple band‐notched monopole antenna for ultra‐wideband applications
Authors: Rojhani Neda , Akbari Mohammad , Sebak Abdelrazik
Published: October 2014

This study presents a new design of a triple band‐notched ultra‐wideband antenna. The designed structure of the antenna is based on two radiating strips, and a microstrip feed‐line on the front, an inverted T‐shaped element and a partial ground on the back. By etching a slot off the ground plane, another resonance is excited resulting in the extended bandwidth. The antenna with new structure occupies a small size of 20 × 14 mm2. The measured results show that the antenna has a wide bandwidth from 2.8 to 12.5 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio less than 2 apart from the rejected bands from 3.0 to 3.8 GHz, 5.1 to 6.1 GHz and 7.8 to 8.9 GHz. Meanwhile, radiation patterns and gain at various frequencies have been given.
Compact arc‐shaped antenna with binomial curved conductor‐backed plane for multiband wireless applications
Authors: Verma Sudhanshu , Kumar Preetam
Published: October 2014

This study proposes a novel design of compact printed multiband monopole antenna with binomial curved conductor‐backed plane which generates five wide resonant frequency bands for |S11| ≤ −10 dB to cover 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz wireless local area network, 2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access and ultra‐wideband applications simultaneously. The radiating elements of the monopole are composed of multiple arc‐shaped strips. The radius of each arc‐shaped strip varies proportionally to the arithmetic progression sequence. The proposed multiband antenna is studied with different shapes of conductor‐backed plane through the variation in order N of binomial curve equation. The overall dimension of the proposed multiband antenna is 32 × 25 × 0.8 mm3. The prototypes of the proposed multiband antenna are fabricated and tested. The radiation mechanism of the proposed multiband antenna is explained using simulated current distributions. Simulated and experimental results obtained for these antennas show that they exhibit good radiation behaviour within the operational frequency bands.
Shortest route finding by ant system algorithm in web geographical information system‐based advanced traveller information system
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Suman Sanjeev , Mishra Shambhavi
Published: October 2014

This paper discusses the methodology used in the development of advanced traveller information system (ATIS). This system is designed as a part of web geographical information system (GIS) based advanced public transport systems. Web GIS‐based ATIS system includes spatial data for the designed functionalities and provides GIS capabilities to the users through the internet. In addition to these functionalities, a route planning algorithm to plan the shortest route between the selected bus transit points is also designed using ant system algorithm and is integrated with web GIS. This study presents the ant system algorithm adopted for the shortest route finding with the methodology developed for the web GIS‐based ATIS system for the study area of the city Chandigarh in India using open source software MapServer as web map server. This study also discusses the three‐tier logical architecture used in the methodology for providing GIS capabilities to the user over the internet.
Configuration improvement for micropressure sensor with vibration interference
Authors: Yu Zhongliang , Zhao Yulong , Li Lili , Tian Bian , Cheng Rongjun , Li Cun
Published: October 2014

Presented is the configuration design for piezoresistive absolute micropressure sensors. A figure of merit called the performance factor (PF) is defined as a quantitative index to describe the comprehensive performances of a sensor including sensitivity, resonant frequency and acceleration interference. Two configurations are proposed through introducing islands and sensitive beams into the typical flat diaphragm. The stress distributions of sensitive elements are analysed by a finite element method. Multivariate fittings based on ANSYS simulation results are performed to establish the equations on surface stresses and deflections of the two sensors. Optimisation by MATLAB is carried out to determine the dimensions of the configurations. Convex corner undercutting is analysed to estimate the final dimensions of the islands. Each PF of the two configurations with the determined dimensions has been calculated and compared. Silicon bulk micromachining is utilised to fabricate the prototypes of the sensors. The outputs of the sensors under both static and dynamic conditions are tested. Experimental results reveal that the configuration with quad islands presents the highest PF of 210.947 Hz1/4. The favourable overall performances make the sensor more suitable for altimetry.
Defect-mediated turbulence and transition to spatiotemporal intermittency in the Gray-Scott model
Authors: Berenstein Igal , De Decker Yannick
Published: October 2014

In this paper, we show that the Gray-Scott model is able to produce defect-mediated turbulence. This regime emerges from the limit cycle, close or far from the Hopf bifurcation, but always right before the Andronov homoclinic bifurcation of the homogeneous system. After this bifurcation, as the control parameter is further changed, the system starts visiting more and more frequently the stable node of the model. Consequently, the defect-mediated turbulence gradually turns into spatiotemporal intermittency.
Lithium inclusion in indium metal-organic frameworks showing increased surface area and hydrogen adsorption
Authors: Bosch Mathieu , Zhang Muwei , Feng Dawei , Yuan Shuai , Wang Xuan , Chen Ying-Pin , Zhou Hong-Cai
Published: October 2014

Investigation of counterion exchange in two anionic In-Metal-Organic Frameworks (In-MOFs) showed that partial replacement of disordered ammonium cations was achieved through the pre-synthetic addition of LiOH to the reaction mixture. This resulted in a surface area increase of over 1600% in {Li [In(1,3 − BDC)2]}n and enhancement of the H2 uptake of approximately 275% at 80 000 Pa at 77 K. This method resulted in frameworks with permanent lithium content after repeated solvent exchange as confirmed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Lithium counterion replacement appears to increase porosity after activation through replacement of bulkier, softer counterions and demonstrates tuning of pore size and properties in MOFs.
Combining attosecond XUV pulses with coincidence spectroscopy
Authors: Sabbar M. , Heuser S. , Boge R. , Lucchini M. , Gallmann L. , Cirelli C. , Keller U.
Published: October 2014

Here we present a successful combination of an attosecond beamline with a COLTRIMS apparatus, which we refer to as AttoCOLTRIMS. The setup provides either single attosecond pulses or attosecond pulse trains for extreme ultraviolet-infrared pump-probe experiments. We achieve full attosecond stability by using an active interferometer stabilization. The capability of the setup is demonstrated by means of two measurements, which lie at the heart of the COLTRIMS detector: firstly, we resolve the rotating electric field vector of an elliptically polarized few-cycle infrared laser field by attosecond streaking exploiting the access to the 3D momentum space of the charged particles. Secondly, we show streaking measurements on different atomic species obtained simultaneously in a single measurement making use of the advantage of measuring ions and electrons in coincidence. Both of these studies demonstrate the potential of the AttoCOLTRIMS for attosecond science.
Nanofluidic mixing via hybrid surface
Authors: Ye Ziran , Li Shunbo , Zhou Bingpu , Hui Yu Sanna , Shen Rong , Wen Weijia
Published: October 2014

We report the design and fabrication of the nanofluidic mixer comprising hybrid hydrophobic/hydrophilic micro-patterns on the top and bottom walls of the nanochannel. The unique feature of such mixer is that, without any geometric structure inside the nanochannel, the mixing can be realized solely by the hybrid surfaces. Besides, the mixing length in nanomixer has been significantly shortened comparing to micromixer. We attribute the mixing achievement to be caused by the convection and chaotic flows of two fluids along the hybrid surface due to the large surface-to-volume ratio of the nanochannel.
Bandgap tailoring of in-situ nitrogen-doped TiO2 sputtered films intended for electrophotocatalytic applications under solar light
Authors: Delegan N. , Daghrir R. , Drogui P. , El Khakani M. A.
Published: October 2014

We report on a reactive RF-sputtering process permitting the in-situ nitrogen doping of TiO2 films in order to shift their photoactivity from UV to visible range. By carefully controlling the relative nitrogen-to-argon mass flow rate ratio (within the 0%–25% range) in the sputter deposition chamber, TiO2:N films were grown with nitrogen contents ranging from 0 to 6.2 at. %, as determined by high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy measurements. A systematic investigation of the crystalline structure of the TiO2:N films, as a function of their N content, revealed that low N contents (0.2–0.3 at. %) induce crystallization in the rutile phase while higher N contents (≥1.4 at. %) were accompanied with the recovery of the anatase structure with an average crystallite size of ∼35 nm. By using both UV-Vis absorption and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements, we were able to quantitatively determine the bandgap (Eg) variation of the TiO2:N films as a function of their N content. Thus, we have demonstrated that the Eg of the TiO2:N films effectively narrows from 3.2 eV down to a value as low as ∼2.3 eV for the optimal N doping concentration of 3.4 at. % (higher N incorporation does not translate into further red shifting of the TiO2:N films' Eg). The photoactivity of the TiO2:N films under visible light was confirmed through electro-photocatalytic decomposition of chlortetracycline (CTC, an emerging water pollutant) under standard 1.5AM solar radiation. Thus, CTC degradation efficiencies of up to 98% were achieved with 2 hours process cycles under simulated solar light. Moreover, the electro-photocatalytic performance of the TiO2:N films is shown to be directly correlated to their optoelectronic properties (namely their bandgap narrowing).
A design of Si-based nanoplasmonic structure as an antenna and reception amplifier for visible light communication
Authors: Yan J. H. , Lin Z. Y. , Liu P. , Yang G. W.
Published: October 2014

Visible light communication has been widely investigated due to its larger bandwidth and higher bit rate, and it can combine with the indoor illumination system that makes it more convenient to carry out. Receiving and processing the visible light signal on chip request for nanophotonics devices performing well. However, conventional optical device cannot be used for light-on-chip integration at subwavelength dimensions due to the diffraction limit. Herein, we propose a design of Si-based nanoplasmonic structure as an antenna and reception amplifier for visible light communication based on the interaction between Si nanoparticle and Au nanorod. This device integrates the unique scattering property of high-refractive index dielectric Si nanoparticles, whose scattering spectrum is dependent on the particle size, with the localized surface plasmon resonance of Au nanorod. We calculated the spectra collected by plane detector and near field distribution of nanostructure, and theoretically demonstrate that the proposed device can act as good receiver, amplifier and superlens during the visible light signal receiving and processing. Besides, unlike some other designs of nanoantenna devices focused less on how to detect the signals, our hybrid nanoantenna can realize the transfer between the scattering source and the detector effectively by Au nanorod waveguides. These findings suggest that the designed nanoplasmonic structure is expected to be used in on-chip nanophotonics as antenna, spectral splitter and demultiplexer for visible light communication.
Thermoconvective vortices in a cylindrical annulus with varying inner radius
Authors: Castaño D. , Navarro M. C. , Herrero H.
Published: October 2014

This paper shows the influence of the inner radius on the stability and intensity of vertical vortices, qualitatively similar to dust devils and cyclones, generated in a cylindrical annulus non-homogeneously heated from below. Little relation is found between the intensity of the vortex and the magnitude of the inner radius. Strong stable vortices can be found for both small and large values of the inner radius. The Rankine combined vortex structure, that characterizes the tangential velocity in dust devils, is clearly observed when small values of the inner radius and large values of the ratio between the horizontal and vertical temperature differences are considered. A contraction on the radius of maximum azimuthal velocity is observed when the vortex is intensified by thermal mechanisms. This radius becomes then nearly stationary when frictional force balances the radial inflow generated by the pressure drop in the center, despite the vortex keeps intensifying. These results connect with the behavior of the radius of the maximum tangential wind associated with a hurricane.
The design and verification of MuMax3
Authors: Vansteenkiste Arne , Leliaert Jonathan , Dvornik Mykola , Helsen Mathias , Garcia-Sanchez Felipe , Van Waeyenberge Bartel
Published: October 2014

We report on the design, verification and performance of MuMax3, an open-source GPU-accelerated micromagnetic simulation program. This software solves the time- and space dependent magnetization evolution in nano- to micro scale magnets using a finite-difference discretization. Its high performance and low memory requirements allow for large-scale simulations to be performed in limited time and on inexpensive hardware. We verified each part of the software by comparing results to analytical values where available and to micromagnetic standard problems. MuMax3 also offers specific extensions like MFM image generation, moving simulation window, edge charge removal and material grains.
Resistive switching in polycrystalline YMnO3 thin films
Authors: Bogusz A. , Müller A. D. , Blaschke D. , Skorupa I. , Bürger D. , Scholz A. , Schmidt O. G. , Schmidt H.
Published: October 2014

We report a unipolar, nonvolatile resistive switching in polycrystalline YMnO3 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition and sandwiched between Au top and Ti/Pt bottom electrodes. The ratio of the resistance in the OFF and ON state is larger than 103. The observed phenomena can be attributed to the formation and rupture of conductive filaments within the multiferroic YMnO3 film. The generation of conductive paths under applied electric field is discussed in terms of the presence of grain boundaries and charged domain walls inherently formed in hexagonal YMnO3. Our findings suggest that engineering of the ferroelectric domains might be a promising route for designing and fabrication of novel resistive switching devices.
Environmental Protection as Market Pathology?: Carbon Trading and the Dialectics of the ‘Double Movement’
Authors: Carton Wim
Published: October 2014

Polanyi's concept of the ‘double movement’ is frequently interpreted as the opposition between the problematic and unsustainable dynamics of the market and the benign and normatively desirable reaction against this by ‘society’. This paper questions this dualistic interpretation of the double movement and undertakes a problematization of the Polanyian idea of social and environmental protection. It does this by revisiting the concept of the double movement in light of the recent proliferation of market-based mechanisms for environmental regulation. Through an exploration of the different interpretations of Polanyi's work, the paper presents a dialectical reading of the double movement that conceptualizes the idea of social protection within a broader capitalist framework. This is then illustrated with the case of emissions trading as a particular form of environmental protection. Carbon trading as a mitigation strategy, it is argued, corresponds to the Polanyian idea of ‘social protection’ in that its protective potential to reduce emissions is itself constrained by the socioeconomic framework within which it operates. This in turn points to the need for a critique of climate mitigation efforts that goes beyond a focus on current problems with emissions trading schemes.
Southern right whale dolphins from Tasmania
Authors: Woehler Eric J. , Ward Carly
Published: October 2014

A beach-washed carcass of a southern right whale dolphin (Lissodelphis peronii) in December 2013 was the ninth confirmed stranding record from Tasmania. Details of the carcass are presented, and all previous records from Tasmania tabulated for the first time. A seasonal pattern in records may be present, with the majority of records being from winter to early spring, possibly indicative of migration past Tasmania.
Memory reactivation during rest supports upcoming learning of related content
Authors: Schlichting Margaret L. , Preston Alison R.
Published: October 2014

Significance

How our brains capture and store new information is heavily influenced by what we already know. While prior work demonstrates that existing memories are spontaneously reactivated and strengthened in the brain during passive rest periods, the prospective benefits of spontaneous offline reactivation for future learning remain unknown. Here, we use functional MRI to interrogate how reactivation and interregional coupling support the ability to learn related content in later situations. We find that offline processing of prior memories is associated with better subsequent learning. Our results provide a mechanistic account of the circumstances under which prior knowledge can come to facilitate
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as opposed to interfere with
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new learning, serving as a strong foundation upon which new content is encoded.