bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in understanding and managing hairy cell leukemia
Authors: Roider Tobias , Falini Brunangelo , Dietrich Sascha
Published: April 2018

Hairy cell leukemia is a rare B-cell malignancy that is characterized by an indolent course. It was initially described as a distinct entity in 1958. Before the establishment of modern treatment, median survival was only 4 years. Since then, major advances in the treatment and understanding of the biology and genomic landscape of hairy cell leukemia have been made. This review summarizes the present understanding of hairy cell leukemia with particular focus on the development of novel and targeted approaches to treatment.
Enhanced recovery after cesarean delivery
Authors: Ituk Unyime , Habib Ashraf S.
Published: April 2018

Enhanced recovery after surgery is a concept initially developed for patients undergoing colorectal surgery but has been adopted by other surgical specialties with similar positive outcomes. The adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery in the obstetric patient population is rapidly gaining popularity. This review highlights perioperative interventions that should be considered in an enhanced recovery after surgery protocol for women undergoing cesarean delivery.
Bioethanol fermentation from kitchen waste using Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Rahman Shafkat Shamim , Hossain Md. Mahboob , Choudhury Naiyyum
Published: April 2018

Bioethanol obtained from microbial fermentation can replace conventional fossil fuels to satisfy energy demand. In this respect, a fermenting isolate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, obtained from date juice, was grown in YEPD medium as a part of a previous published research project. In this study, the isolate was tentatively characterized for alcoholic fermentation in organic kitchen waste medium, prepared from discarded fruit and vegetable peels. Fermentation in shaking condition resulted in the production of 7.3% (v/v) ethanol after 48 h, after which the pH of the medium increased slightly in response. Further research should be conducted to assess the potential of kitchen waste as a raw material in ethanol fermentation.
Collective concept formation in educational management: An intervention study in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Lemos Mon­ica Fer­reira , Engeström Yrjö
Published: April 2018

Artiklis analüüsitakse, kuidas Brasiilias São Paulos loodi haridusjuhtidele mõeldud kujundava sekkumisprojekti käigus uus hariduskorralduse kontseptsioon. Võgotskile ja Leontievile tuginedes esitasime küsimuse, milline on osalejate isikliku arusaama ja hariduskorralduse sotsiaalse tähenduse vastastikmõju ühise kontseptsiooni kujundamisel. Ühise kontseptsiooni loomise käigus tekkinud arutelusid analüüsiti kolmes järgus: alguses väljapakutud viimistlemata kontseptsiooni (ingl raw object) selgitamine, viimistlemata kontseptsiooni edasiarendamisel tekkinud vastuolude käsitlemine ja uue kontseptsiooni stabiliseerimine. Viimistlemata kontseptsioon väljendas hariduskorralduse harjumuspärast eesmärki aidata kaasa õpetamis- ja õppimistingimuste parandamisele. Vastuolud tekkisid peamiselt arusaamades selle kohta, kas hariduskorraldus on vajalik õpetamiseks ja õppimiseks või õpetamise ja õppimise kaudu kogukonna muutmiseks. Stabiliseerumine saavutati hääletamise tulemusena ning uue hariduskorralduse eesmärk määratleti näiliselt samamoodi nagu viimistlemata kontseptsiooni puhul. Stabiliseerumisperiood jäi siiski ajutiseks ja sellega seoses tuli püüda ületada kahe alternatiivse definitsiooni vastasseisu. Seega jäid nii hariduskorralduse tähendus kui ka kontseptsioon avatuks edasistele muudatustele. Siinses artiklis kirjeldame, kuidas kaasati haridusjuhte ühisesse jõupingutusse hariduskorralduse kontseptsiooni väljatöötamisel. Artiklis tutvustame ja testime uut teoreetilist raamistikku, mille abil saab uurida ühise kontseptsiooni kujundamisega kaasnevaid muutusi hariduskorralduses. 
 Full text
Collective concept formation in educational management: An intervention study in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Lemos Mon­ica Fer­reira , Engeström Yrjö
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how a new concept of educational management was produced in a formative intervention project for manager educators in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Drawing on Vygotsky and Leontiev, we asked: What is the nature of the interplay between participants’ personal senses and the societal meaning of educational management in the process of collective concept formation? The collective concept formation discourse was analyzed in three steps: initial explication of a raw object, clashes in further elaboration of the raw object, and stabilization of the new concept. The raw object reproduced a taken-for-granted meaning of educational management as promoting conditions for teaching and learning. The clashes occurred mainly between the notion of management for teaching and learning and the notion of management for teaching and learning for community transformation. The stabilization was achieved by a vote and defined the purpose of educational management seemingly as it was already formulated in the raw object. However, this stabilization was temporary and involved attempts to transcend the opposition between the two alternative definitions. Thus, the actual meaning and concept of educational management remained open to further steps. In this paper, we report on how manager educators engage in a collective effort to conceptualize educational management. Our article proposes and tests a new theoretical framework for studying changes in educational management as processes of collective concept formation.
Arenas for implicit education: Looking at leftovers
Authors: Marsico Giuseppina , He Min , Valsiner Jaan
Published: April 2018

In schools and kindergartens much of education happens in "secondary places" – locations in the territory of the educational institution that are not meant for direct instruction purposes, but where all participants necessarily encounter in their daily lives. We analysed entrances, corridors and staircases from the perspective of semiotic encoding of educational values and objectives into the "secondary places", using, as evidence, ethnographic experiences from Chinese kindergartens and schools. We demonstrate that such encoding completes the fullness of cultural organisation of the environment guaranteeing the redundancy of the educational directions of the messages.
Teachers’ learning experiences in the context of neoliberal educational c hange
Authors: Timoštšuk Inge , Ugaste Aino , Mets-Alunurm Kristi
Published: April 2018

Õpetajatöö on stressirohke ja pingete tõttu võidakse ametist loobuda. Ühed pingete põhjused on kiired muutused haridussüsteemis. Uuenevate olude ja ootustega toime tulek eeldab õpetajalt õppimist ja sotsiaalse keskkonna tuge. Et mõista, kuidas õpetajate õppimist muutuste taustal toetada, on meie eesmärk kirjeldada, kuidas kajastuvad neoliberaalsed haridusmuutused õpetajate õpikogemustes, ning analüüsida, millised õpikogemused on õpetajatele tähenduslikumad. 33 õpetajaga tehtud intervjuudest selgub, et õpetajad tajuvad positiivsete majanduslike muutuste kõrval vastuolu liberaalsete väärtuste (nt õppija individuaalsuse arvestamise) ning haridustulemuslikkusele, sh tulemuste mõõdetavusele orienteerituse vahel. Selle vastuoluga toimetulekuks saadakse tuge lähematelt kolleegidelt, kuid vajatakse ka kõrgetasemelist täiendõpet ja õpetaja kui tipp-professionaali tunnustamist ühiskonnas.
 Summary
Minority Rules: Credible State Ownership and Investment Risk Around the World
Authors: James Barclay E. , Vaaler Paul M.
Published: April 2018

Research in management and related fields largely assumes that host-country state (“state”) ownership in investment projects raises risk for private coinvestors. We question that assumption in theorizing that minority state ownership may actually decrease investment risk in host countries where policy stability is low. Noncontrolling but still substantial state ownership signals to private coinvestors that states will maintain initial investment project terms yet limit interference in project management under those same initial terms. Analyses of 1,373 investment projects announced in 95 host countries from 1990 to 2012 support this proposition: (1) low policy stability in the host country increases investment risk, measured as the percentage of equity comprising all project capital funding on the announcement date, but (2) minority state ownership diminishes the risk-increasing impact of low policy stability, and (3) the risk-diminishing effect is greatest when policy stability is low and the state holds from 21% to 40% of investment project equity. Where permitted, private investors can use state ownership as a risk-reducing strategy in response to low policy stability. Our study highlights where these “minority rules” hold and state ownership signals credible assurance to private coinvestors in less stable policy environments.
Tempe Nuggets Provision Improves Energy Adequacy and Protein Intake in Underweight Underfive Children
Authors: Permatasari Oktavina , Murwani Retno , Rahfiludin M. Zen
Published: April 2018

Tempe is a well known fermented soybean food, inexpensive, and a good source of dietary protein and energy. To improve fresh Tempe as an attractive food to children, Tempe is processed into nugget. A study using pre and post control group design was conducted to determine the effect of the Tempe nugget provision on energy and protein intake, and body weight/age (W/A) of 24-59 months old children. Forty six subjects were selected according to inclusion criteria from local Community Health Center (Puskesmas) and grouped into intervention (provision of Tempe nugget) and control group (no provision). Data of energy and protein intake of subjects before intervention were obtained by 2x24 food recall to determine deficiency in intake for the respective age. The amount of the nugget given to each underweight child in intervention group was calculated on the basis of deficiency in energy and protein intake of each child (W/A) per day. Body weight was recorded pre and post intervention. The deep-fried nuggets contained 276.53 calories per 100 g, 8.60% protein, 28.41% carbohydrate, 13.28% lipid, and 44.28% fiber. The mean age of the subjects in intervention and control group were homogeneous i.e. 40.52±10.88 months and 42.39±12.35 months respectively. Tempe nugget provision for 30 days improved significantly energy intake (p 0.001) in intervention compared to control group. Protein intake and W/A in intervention group were higher compared to control although not significant and further study with higher amount of Tempe nugget provision is needed. This study provides evidence that deep fried Tempe nugget can be used as inexpensive and nutritious food to improve protein and energy intake for underweight underfive children.
Quality Characteristics of Cookies Produced from Sweet Potato and Wheat Flour Blend Fortified with Brewer’s Spent Grain Flour
Authors: Okpala Laura C. , Ofoedu Purrissima I.
Published: April 2018

Cookies were made from flour blends of 70% wheat and 30% sweet potato fortified with varying levels of brewers spent grain (BSG) flour. The BSG flour ranged between 0 and 9% of the flour weight. Cookies made with flour from 100% wheat served as the control. Studies were carried out on the functional properties of the flour blends, proximate composition, calorific values, physical characteristics and organoleptic quality of the cookies produced. Fortification of the blends with BSG flour reduced the bulk density from 1.24-1.08 g/mL and the water absorption capacity from 1.73-1.37g/g. Emulsion capacity increased from 76.10 – 83.45% and oil absorption from 2.20 – 3.66 g/g. The protein, fiber and ash contents of the cookies increased from 10.10-11.32%, 1.91-3.11% and 3.87-5.31% respectively. Cookies containing 9% BSG flour had the highest fibre content. Organoleptic studies revealed that cookies fortified with 3-6% BSG flour were more preferred than the control.
Wheat-Fenugreek Composite Flour Noodles: Effect on Functional, Pasting, Cooking and Sensory Properties
Authors: Dhull Sanju Bala , Sandhu Kawaljit Singh
Published: April 2018

Composite flour noodles were prepared by blending fenugreek flour (FF) with wheat flour (WF) at a replacement level of 2%, 5%, 7% and 10%, respectively. The chemical, functional, and pasting properties of different flour blends were assessed to check its suitability for noodle making. FF exhibited significantly (p 0.05) high protein (28.5%), crude fibre (7.2%), fat (4.9%) and ash content (3.6%) as compared with WF. Water absorption capacity, water solubility index, oil absorption capacity, foaming capacity and emulsion capacity showed an increase in values while the peak viscosity of flour blends decreased with increase in the level of FF. The noodles prepared with wheat-fenugreek flour blends showed higher cooking time, water uptake and cooked weight but less gruel solid loss as compared with control (100% WF) noodles. Noodles prepared with 93% WF+7% FF scored a satisfactory overall acceptability score for their sensory characteristics. Therefore, noodles with satisfactory eating, cooking, texture attributes can be prepared incorporating fenugreek flour up to a level of 7%, helps in exploring the health benefits of fenugreek.
Climate change impacts on hydrology and water resources of Indian River basin
Authors: Singh Umesh Kumar , Kumar Balwant
Published: April 2018

Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission is altering the global hydrological cycle due to change in rainfall pattern and rising temperature which is responsible for alteration in the physical characteristics of river basin, melting of ice, drought, flood, extreme weather events and alteration in groundwater recharge. In India, water demand for domestic, industrial and agriculture purposes have already increased many folds which are also influencing the water resource system. In addition, climate change has induced the surface temperature of the Indian subcontinent by 0.48 ºC in just last century. However, Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) river basins have great importance for their exceptional hydro-geological settings and deltaic floodplain wetland ecosystems which support 700 million people in Asia. The climatic variability like alterations in precipitation and temperature over GBM river basins has been observed which signifies the GBM as one of the most vulnerable areas in the world under the potential impact of climate change. Consequently, alteration in river discharge, higher runoff generation, low groundwater recharge and melting of glaciers over GBM river basin could be observed in near future. The consequence of these changes due to climate change over GBM basin may create serious water problem for Indian sub-continents. This paper reviews the literature on the historical climate variations and how climate change affects the hydrological characteristics of different river basins.
A review on Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Index (API)
Authors: Panda L R Lakshmikanta , Aggarwal R. K. , Bhardwaj D.R.
Published: April 2018

Now a day’s air pollution is one of the serious problems around the world. Plants can filter the air via-aerial elements particularly through twigs, stems, leaves, etc. Afforestation program is the best way to control the air pollution. Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) is an intrinsic quality of trees to control pollution problems, which is currently of major concern of urban localities. The trees having higher tolerance index rate are tolerant towards air pollution and can be used as a source to control air pollution, where as the trees having less tolerance index can be used as an indicator to know the rate of air pollution. By combining biochemical and aggregate factors the Anticipated Performance Index is prepared, which is also helpful in green belt development. The present review is based on the assessment of APTI and API potential of different plants for mitigating air pollution
Plant diversity and regeneration potential of three different forests of Central Himalaya
Authors: Manral Vijyeta , Padalia Kirtika , Karki Himani
Published: April 2018

Plant diversity is essential for human survival and economic well-being and also for the ecosystem function and stability. The total number of accessible seedlings and saplings in a forest community indicates the regeneration status/potential of a species or a forest. In this study, composition, diversity and population structure of three different forests (Banj oak, Chir-pine and Mixed oak-pine) was assessed around Nainital town of Uttarakhand state. Species richness and diversity were maximum in Banj-oak forest (9 species and 1.970, respectively) and minimum in Chir-pine forest (4 species and 0.634, respectively). The total tree density ranged from 1670 (Chir pine forest) to 1830 ind.ha-1 (Mixed oak pine forest) and the total basal area ranged from 87.22 (Mixed oak pine forest) to 208.37 m2ha-1 (Banj oak forest). Population structure revealed dominancy of mature trees and less number of seedlings evidently indicated the poor regeneration across the forests type. Viability of seeds, disturbances brought by frequent fire incidence, erosion of soil and water, uncontrolled grazing by animals, lopping/cuttings of under canopy plant species by villagers for fuel and fodder are the possible causes of the poor regeneration of the forests.
Meteorological, Agricultural and Hydrological Drought in the Dominican Republic: A review
Authors: Payano-Almanzar Reynaldo , Rodriguez Joselín
Published: April 2018

In Dominican Republic, the impacts of the meteorological, agricultural and hydrological drought have been intensified in recent years due to the effect of ENSO and climate change, putting at risk agricultural and livestock production, in addition to food insecurity in several areas of the country, mainly those with less water availability. It’s estimated that 69.6% of the Dominican territory corresponds to arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas and that they are partially or totally affected by desertification and drought. The estimated cost of damage from droughts as a disaster from 1900 to 2011 was US$ 5 million, equivalent to 0.17% of the total costs for disasters in the country. In the period 2014 to 2015, the contribution to the Gross Domestic Product of the agricultural sector was reduced from 10.8% to 5.8% approximately, which increased the credit or indebtedness to the agricultural production in 14.6%, that is, around US$129 million. Montecristi, San Juan, Dajabón and Elias Piña are the most affected areas. Despite the difficulties encountered in the process of collecting data and information, a Digital Library and a Conceptual framework has been created -based on the background analysis- to facilitate future work and to continue understanding the drought. In the country there is a legal framework for prevention, mitigation and response focused on disaster risk management -storms, tropical, cyclones, floods and others- however, there are currently no public policies aimed at managing droughts and the implementation of an early warning system for this hydrological phenomenon. Finally, there is evidence of the investment made in projects linked to drought and plans developed by various institutions that seek to investigate the drought and offer solutions to current problems.
EFEITOS DOCUMENTÁRIOS E LITERÁRIOS EM INCIDENTE EM ANTARES: UMA ABORDAGEM DISCURSIVA
Authors: MOREIRA Jorge De Azevedo
Published: April 2018

Entender um texto enquanto discurso implica não tratá-lo como uma estruturacuja forma possui um sentido monolítico, mas, ao contrário, como um conjuntocompósito, no qual vozes diversas se mesclam. Além disso, pode-se considerar um texto como um dispositivo de inter-relação entre sujeitos, criado a partir de um projeto específico e regido por contratos sociais. Para estudar brevemente essas duas perspectivas que se articulam num texto, iremos nos servir sobretudo da análise semiolinguística do discurso cujos princípios vêm sendo estabelecidos no longo percurso teórico de Patrick Charaudeau. A partir de suas ideias, aplicaremos o que chamamos de efeitos documentários e efeitos literários numa análise prática, a fim de discutir as estratégias discursivas que cumprem esse contrato. Nosso corpus se compõe do romance Incidente em Antares (1971), do escritor brasileiro Erico Verissimo. Há algumas razões para essa escolha: o espaço dialógico dos personagens é muito rico discursivamente, na medida em que representam pontos de vista ideológicos diversificados; esses pontos de vista, que podem, de certa maneira, ser divididos entre os tradicionais conceitos políticos de “direita” e “esquerda” se acham até hoje válidos para o Brasil contemporâneo; e o ano de 2015 marca os quarenta anos da morte de Erico Verissimo, um dos maiores romancistas brasileiros.
Tessituras das políticas educativas para integração das TIC na escola: um estudo comparado entre Brasil e Espanha
Authors: Silva José Gomes da , Porto Cristiane Magalhães , Linhares Ronaldo Nunes
Published: April 2018

O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar os resultado de um estudo comparado entre as políticas educativas para integração das TIC na escola, no Brasil e na Espanha, analisando possíveis convergências e divergências, com foco nas influências da globalização no contexto internacional e nacional dessas políticas. A abordagem da investigação é predominantemente qualitativa e quanto ao procedimento é de natureza documental, por meio do método do estudo comparado. Como técnica de coleta de dados utilizamos a análise documental. Nesse sentido, recorremos a fontes tais como: leis, resoluções, decretos, normas, pareceres, informes oficiais e relatórios técnicos. Tratando sobre as políticas transnacionais para integração das TIC, identificamos a influência da globalização na formulação dessas políticas no Brasil e na Espanha, apresentando alguns pontos de convergência, evidenciando que a globalização tem gerado processos de reformas nos sistemas educativos no Brasil e principalmente na Espanha. Esses processos têm apontado para a criação de modelos educativos largamente estandardizados através de políticas educativas de natureza transnacional.
Coreografias didáticas e cenários inovadores na educação superior
Authors: Padilha Maria Auxiliadora Soares , Beraza Miguel Angel Zabalza , Souza César Vinícius de
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir sobre coreografias didáticas e cenários inovadores na educação superior. Para isso apresentamos dois estudos realizados no contexto de uma universidade pública federal. Um deles com a aplicação de atividades gamificadas e outro com a integração de tecnologias como recursos didáticos em atividades de ensino e aprendizagem, seja na sala de aula ou em outros espaços, seja presencialmente ou virtualmente. Os referenciais principais que fundamentam os estudos são as discussões sobre inovação pedagógica de Cunha (2008), Zabalza (2006) e Silva (2011). A metodologia principal dos dois estudos foi a análise dessas coreografias didáticas. Os cenários propostos e a colocação em cena ultrapassaram as quatro paredes da sala de aula. A ruptura com o paradigma tradicional pôde ser constatada em várias das atividades realizadas e também no processo de idealização e planejamento das mesmas. O protagonismo dos alunos foi a categoria de inovação mais destacada nas duas experiências e o professor como coreógrafo estratégico, provocando oportunidades para esse protagonismo e para aprendizagens profundas e significativas.
Docência e Cibercultura
Authors: Dos Santos Edmea Oliveira
Published: April 2018

Editorial completo da Revista Docência e Cibercultura número 1
ESTILOS DE APRENDIZAGEM EM FÓRUNS ONLINE: PERSPECTIVAS PEDAGÓGICAS INOVADORAS
Authors: Melaré Vieira Barros Daniela , Matos dos Santos Vanessa
Published: April 2018

Cada vez mais as inovações tecnológicas potencializam estratégias e recursos para o trabalho educativo. Do ponto de vista pedagógico, os desafios são maiores e, nesta perspectiva, busca-se na teoria dos estilos de aprendizagem a facilitação e a compreensão de alguns aspectos do processos educativos da atualidade, quais sejam: a personalização através das características individuais, inclusão e o uso das tecnologias no cenário educativo. A reflexão aqui desenvolvida tem por objetivo apresentar diretrizes para potencializar o trabalho pedagógico com os fóruns de discussão em contextos online, ampliando o conceito e a função pedagógica destas ferramentas com a teoria dos estilos de aprendizagem. A metodologia qualitativa utilizada no estudo é apresentada com base nas reflexões e experiências realizadas em contextos de ensino superior online. O estudo está fundamentado em um projeto maior, atualmente em desenvolvimento sobre a Didática Online. Para tanto, os fundamentos teóricos ampliam as discussões sobre dois casos práticos apresentados como exemplos que possibilitaram resultados que dialogam com as questões de pesquisa levantadas, em específico: como utilizar as tecnologias nas estratégias pedagógicas dos fóruns online a partir dos estilos de aprendizagem? Palavras-chave: fórum online, estilos de aprendizagem, tecnologias digitais, estratégias pedagógicas
Políticas públicas e as lutas por memória e justiça: contradições e limites
Authors: Campos Lucas Pacheco
Published: April 2018

Este artigo reflete sobre a trajetória de lutas empreendidas pelo Grupo Tortura Nunca Mais do Rio de Janeiro (GTNM-RJ) e sobre a absorção das pautas por memória e justiça pelo Estado. Busca-se pensar os impactos concretos que a implementação de políticas públicas de memória tem gerado para superar as páginas de tortura da história nacional. Para tanto, apresentam-se exemplos de ações desenvolvidas pelo GTNM-RJ em seus mais de 33 anos de existência e o diálogo das mesmas com governos e aparelhos estatais. Em especial, analisam-se os resultados produzidos por uma política pública de memória específica: a Comissão Nacional da Verdade (CNV), que se configura como resposta a demandas históricas por verdade, memória e justiça. Observam-se, por fim, as contradições e os limites intrínsecos à crença de que tais reivindicações históricas poderão ser finalmente atendidas pelo Estado, por meio da concepção e aplicação de políticas públicas de memória. Aponta-se para a necessidade imperiosa de se refletir sobre as estratégias das lutas por memória e justiça. Palavras-chave: Grupo Tortura Nunca Mais-RJ (GTNM-RJ); lutas por memória e justiça; políticas públicas; Comissão Nacional da Verdade (CNV).
A Medalha Chico Mendes de resistência: apontamentos
Authors: Costa Rafael Maul de C.
Published: April 2018

Este artigo apresenta a trajetória da Medalha Chico Mendes de Resistência (MCMR), organizada pelo Grupo Tortura Nunca Mais do Rio de Janeiro (GTNM-RJ), em parceria com outros movimentos sociais e entidades de defesa dos Direitos Humanos (DH), desde 1989. São apontamentos sobre um evento que entre 1989 e 2017 concedeu mais de 320 medalhas à indivíduos e organizações. Considera-se que a MCMR simboliza e materializa o processo de construção de uma concepção de movimento social de DH, que se transforma ao longo do tempo, mas que parte da compreensão de que essas são lutas contra a violência de Estado.Palavras-chave: Medalha Chico Mendes; Direitos Humanos; Tortura Nunca Mais.
Mid-term results of anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis using a short-stemmed cementless humeral component
Authors: Schnetzke M. , Rick S. , Raiss P. , Walch G. , Loew M.
Published: April 2018

Aims

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of using an anatomical short-stem shoulder prosthesis to treat primary osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint.

Patients and Methods

A total of 66 patients (67 shoulders) with a mean age of 76 years (63 to 92) were available for clinical and radiological follow-up at two different timepoints (T1, mean 2.6 years, sd 0.5; T2, mean 5.3 years, sd 0.7). Postoperative radiographs were analyzed for stem angle, cortical contact, and filling ratio of the stem. Follow-up radiographs were analyzed for timing and location of bone adaptation (cortical bone narrowing, osteopenia, spot welds, and condensation lines). The bone adaptation was classified as low (between zero and three features of bone remodelling around the humeral stem) or high (four or more features).

Results

The mean Constant score improved significantly from 28.5 (sd 11.6) preoperatively to 75.5 (sd 8.5) at T1 (p < 0.001) and remained stable over time (T2: 76.6, sd 10.2). No stem loosening was seen. High bone adaptation was present in 42% of shoulders at T1, with a slight decrease to 37% at T2. Cortical bone narrowing and osteopenia in the region of the calcar decreased from 76% to 66% between T1 and T2. Patients with high bone adaptation had a significantly higher mean filling ratio of the stem at the metaphysis (0.60, sd 0.05 vs 0.55, sd 0.06; p = 0.003) and at the diaphysis (0.65 sd 0.05 vs 0.60 sd 0.05; p = 0.007). Cortical contact of the stem was also associated with high bone adaptation (14/25 shoulders, p = 0.001). The clinical outcome was not influenced by the radiological changes.

Conclusion

Total shoulder arthroplasty using a short-stem humeral component resulted in good clinical outcomes with no evidence of loosening. However, approximately 40% of the shoulders developed substantial bone loss in the proximal humerus at between four and seven years of follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:603–9.
The influence of obesity on functional outcome and quality of life after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Xu S. , Chen J. Y. , Lo N. N. , Chia S. L. , Tay D. K. J. ,  Pang H. N. , Hao Y. , Yeo S. J.
Published: April 2018

Aims

This study investigated the influence of body mass index (BMI) on patients’ function and quality of life ten years after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Patients and Methods

A total of 126 patients who underwent unilateral TKA in 2006 were prospectively included in this retrospective study. They were categorized into two groups based on BMI: < 30 kg/m2(control) and ≥ 30 kg/m2(obese). Functional outcome was assessed using the Knee Society Function Score (KSFS), Knee Society Knee Score (KSKS), and Oxford Knee Score (OKS). Quality of life was assessed using the Physical (PCS) and Mental Component Scores (MCS) of the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey.

Results

Patients in the obese group underwent TKA at a younger age (mean, 63.0 years, sd 8.0) compared with the control group (mean, 65.6 years, sd 7.6; p = 0.03). Preoperatively, both groups had comparable functional and quality-of-life scores. Ten years postoperatively, the control group had significantly higher OKS and MCS compared with the obese group (OKS, mean 18 (sd 5) vs mean 22 (sd 10), p = 0.03; MCS, mean 56 (sd 10) vs mean 50 (sd 11), p = 0.01). After applying multiple linear regression with the various outcomes scores as dependent variables and age, gender, and Charlson Comorbidity Index as independent variables, there was a clear association between obesity and poorer outcome in KSFS, OKS, and MCS at ten years postoperatively (p < 0.01 in both KSFS and OKS, and p = 0.03 in MCS). Both groups had a high satisfaction rate (97.8% in the control group vs 87.9% in the obese group, p = 0.11) and fulfillment of expectations at ten years (98.9% in the control group vs 100% in the obese group, p = 0.32).

Conclusion

Although both obese and non-obese patients have significant improvements in function and quality of life postoperatively, obese patients tend to have smaller improvements in the OKS and MCS ten years postoperatively. It is important to counsel patients on the importance of weight management to achieve a more sustained outcome after TKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:579–83.
The inter- and intraobserver reliability for the radiological parameters of flatfoot, before and after surgery
Authors: Bock P. , Pittermann M. , Chraim M. , Rois S.
Published: April 2018

Aims

Various radiological parameters are used to evaluate a flatfoot deformity and their measurements may differ. The aims of this study were to answer the following questions: 1) Which of the 11 parameters have the best inter- and intraobserver reliability in a standardized radiological setting? 2) Are pre- and postoperative assessments equally reliable? 3) What are the identifiable sources of variation?

Patients and Methods

Measurements of the 11 parameters were recorded on anteroposterior and lateral weight-bearing radiographs of 38 feet before and after surgery for flatfoot, by three observers with different experience in foot surgery (A, ten years; B, three years; C, third-year orthopaedic resident). The inter- and intraobserver reliability was calculated.

Results

Preoperative interobserver reliability was high for four, moderate for five, and low for two parameters. Postoperative interobserver reliability was high for four, moderate for five, and low for two parameters. Intraobserver reliability was excellent for all parameters preoperatively as recorded by observer A (PB) and B (MP), and for eight parameters as recorded by observer C (SR). Intraobserver reliability was excellent for ten parameters postoperatively as recorded by observer A and B, and for eight parameters as recorded by observer C.

Conclusion

The following parameters can be recommended. For preoperative and postoperative evaluation of flatfoot: anteroposterior, talonavicular coverage angle; lateral, talometatarsal I angle, calcaneal pitch angle, and cuneiform-medial height (high interobserver reliability); and anteroposterior, talometatarsal II angle; lateral, talocalcaneal angle,tibiocalcaneal angle (moderate interobserver reliability). For more experienced observers, we also recommend the anteroposterior talometatarsal I angle (moderate reliability). The inter- and intraobserver reliability for most parameters were similar pre- and postoperatively. The experience of the observer and the definition and ability to measure the parameters themselves were sources of variation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:596–602.
Day-case surgery for total hip and knee replacement
Authors: Lazic Stefan , Boughton Oliver , Kellett Catherine F. , Kader Deiary F. , Villet Loïc , Rivière Charles
Published: April 2018

Multimodal protocols for pain control, blood loss management and thromboprophylaxis have been shown to benefit patients by being more effective and as safe (fewer iatrogenic complications) as conventional protocols. Proper patient selection and education, multimodal protocols and a well-defined clinical pathway are all key for successful day-case arthroplasty. By potentially being more effective, cheaper than and as safe as inpatient arthroplasty, day-case arthroplasty might be beneficial for patients and healthcare systems.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:130-135. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170031
Patellar tracking in primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Donell Simon
Published: April 2018

This is a review of the recent literature of the various factors that affect patellar tracking following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patellar tracking principally depends on the pre-existing patellar tracking and the rotational alignment of the femoral and tibial implants, but the detailed movements depend on the patellar shape. The latter means that the patellar kinematics of any implanted TKA does not return to normal. Laboratory cadaveric studies use normal knees and non-activity-based testing conditions and so may not translate into clinical findings. The recent literature has not added anything significant to change established clinical practice in achieving satisfactory patellar tracking following TKA.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:106-113. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170036.
The surgical personality: does it matter?
Authors: Grossman Rebecca
Published: April 2018

Responding to recently published research Into surgeons’ personalities, Rebecca Grossman argues that the notion of a ‘surgical personality’ may be illusory, and counterproductive for recruitment.
Live streaming of laparoscopic general surgery is a useful teaching tool
Authors: O’Brien JW , Natarajan M , Aryal K
Published: April 2018

Results from a survey of medical students.
Las competencias transversales de los egresados de los másteres universitarios
Authors: García-Peñalvo Francisco José
Published: April 2018

Recientemente en una entrevista con empleadores de un máster universitario se ponía de manifiesto la importancia que estos le daban a las competencias transversales para estos egresados. En el Barómetro de empleabilidad y empleo universitarios (Edición Máster 2017), presentado en febrero de 2018, se destacaba la visión que los egresados tenían de la importancia de estas competencias y el nivel formativo que recibían en estos títulos universitarios. En este artículo se va a reflexionar sobre este aspecto tan importante de cara al empleo de los universitarios y del papel que debe jugar la Universidad.
Explicación de la satisfacción en la dirección escolar a partir del desempeño de la función directiva
Authors: Martínez García Inmaculada , Gil Flores Javier
Published: April 2018

La dirección escolar y el ejercicio del liderazgo pedagógico son vinculantes en la mejora de la calidad de los centros educativos y en su funcionamiento. Es vital que las personas al frente del cargo estén satisfechas con la función de dirección que llevan a cabo, hecho que deriva en una mayor motivación y compromiso con su desempeño profesional. En este trabajo estudiamos la satisfacción laboral de los directores de centros de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, dada la relevancia del cargo para el buen funcionamiento de las instituciones escolares. Para ello, llevamos a cabo un análisis secundario a partir de datos obtenidos en la última edición del estudio Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) promovido por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE en adelante) (OECD, 2014) con el objetivo de explicar la satisfacción en la dirección escolar a partir de variables que hacen referencia al ejercicio de la función directiva. Los resultados muestran mayor satisfacción de la dirección cuando esta hace partícipe a la comunidad educativa de la toma de decisiones, ejerciendo su labor de liderazgo pedagógico y fomentando una cultura de colaboración. Entre las tareas relacionadas con la insatisfacción laboral se encuentran aquellas vinculadas al modelo de gestión burocrático tradicional todavía vigente. Finalmente se ofrecen propuestas orientadas a la mejora de la satisfacción de la dirección basadas en la formación continua a través de itinerarios profesionales de dirección y la formación en competencias relacionadas con el liderazgo distribuido, la creación de espacios de colaboración entre los agentes educativos y la potenciación de las comunidades de aprendizaje.
CuVIS: An interactive tool for instructors to create effective customized learning designs with visualizations
Authors: Banerjee Gargi , Murthy Sahana
Published: April 2018

Instructors face difficulty in creating student-centred, customized learning designs (LDs) for teaching with information and communication technology (ICT) tools such as visualizations (animations, simulations or videos). This problem is compounded for tertiary-level instructors teaching in instructor-mediated classrooms. In such classrooms, common in many parts of the developing world, students may not have 1:1 access with the visualization and have to interact with it via the instructor. Here, the instructors’ pedagogy becomes an important factor determining effective learning with the visualization. To address this problem, a set of design impediments faced by instructors in this context were first identified. Design guidelines were created to address these impediments. These guidelines evolved into the Customized Visualization Integration System (CuVIS). It is a wizard-like interactive tool that provides guidelines to instructors on how to create effective LDs that incorporate the principles of constructive alignment and meaningful learning with ICT, and is customized to instructors’ requirements. The effectiveness of CuVIS has been tested with instructors along multiple dimensions: usefulness and usability, impact on instructors’ pedagogical practice and impact on student learning when taught with CuVIS-generated LDs.
A Critique of the Concepts of “Youth” and “Generation” as Applied in Empirical Research in Contemporary Tunisia
Authors: Roellin Jonas
Published: April 2018

In this paper, I argue that both concepts of “youth” (arabic “šabāb”) and “generation” (arabic “ğīl”) are in different ways misleading and problematic when applied in empirical research on Tunisians of lower age. While they are not affirmatively used and partly even rejected by the latter, they also appear inadequate when employed as analytical categories. Instead, as I will suggest, (historical) “age cohort” is an adequate reference category that can be qualitatively described according to the shared perceptions and actions of its respective members. Thereby, the focus on self-concepts and self-narratives appears to be particularly helpful in understanding the contemporary condition of Tunisians of lower age and their social mobilization practices. It reveals, among other findings, that their movements are not primarily directed at political and social change, though conventionally assumed, but rather express a search for greater possibilities of mobility and autonomy beyond both state and societal boundaries.
Effects of Chemical Structure of Silicone Polyethers Used as Fabric Softener Additives on Selected Utility Properties of Cotton Fabric
Authors: Zięba Małgorzata , Małysa Anna , Wasilewski Tomasz , Ogorzałek Marta
Published: April 2018

The study addressed the effect of the structure of silicone polyethers on selected functional properties of cotton fabric rinsed in conditioners containing the additives under study. Fabric softener formulations containing two comb-structured compounds (PEG/PPG-14/0 Dimethicone and PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone) and one block-structured compound (Bis-PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone) were developed. Cotton fabric rinsed in conditioners containing silicone glycols was not found to be affected by yellowing. However, differences were noted in the softening ability and re-wettability of rinsed fabrics due to diverse structures of the additives used. The most desirable soft hand effect was observed after cotton rinsing in fabric softeners containing the block-structured compound Bis-PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone. In contrast, the highest fabric re-wettability was shown for the conditioner enriched with a comb-structured compound (PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone). The study results demonstrate that the prototypical fabric softeners containing silicone derivatives have a potential to provide quality characteristic required by consumers of this product group.
Agrofuels Controversy in the Midst of the International Crisis
Authors: Rodríguez Valle Liosdany , de Jesús Echerri Ferrandiz Fernando , Correa Álvarez Pascual Felipe , Sosa Valcarcel Aimiris
Published: April 2018

The current crisis in the supply of traditional energies, the rising trend of the price of fossil fuels, the degradation of the environment, the effects of climate change and the geopolitical reazons have set the promotion of alternative energies, among which agrofuels stand out, as a priority for international and national policies. They represent a potential source of energy, but it is necessary to debate and carefully evaluate the economic, environmental and social effects before undertaking large-scale programs. This article exposes the main edges of the political-economic, scientific-technological and ethical debate, arising from the global controversy generated by the boom in the production and use of agrofuels, which took place at the beginning of the world crisis that reached public repercussion from August 2007. Although the international debate had its apogee between 2007 and 2008, it is a controversy that has spread over time to the present, but with a lower profile.
Some remarks on spectra of nuclear operators
Authors: Reinov Oleg I.
Published: April 2018

We give criteria for the spectra of some nuclear operators in subspaces of quotients of Lp
-spaces to be central-symmetric, as well as for the spectra of linear operators in Banach spaces to be Zd
-symmetric in the sense of B. Mityagin. Also, we present a short proof of a corresponding Mityagin’s theorem.
Die Causa Lutheri in der Pönitentiarie
Authors: Schmugge Ludwig
Published: April 2018

Riassunto

Nei registri della Penitenzieria apostolica, l’organo pontificio in materia di penitenza, confessione e grazia, il nome di „Lutero“ appare in numerose suppliche provenienti dai territori tedeschi. I testi non risalgono al riformatore, ma furono prodotti da contemporanei coinvolti, in un modo o l’altro, in eventi che vengono messi in relazione con la presenza di Lutero nell’Impero germanico. Si tratta in massima parte di „squarci su vite modeste“ (Arnold Esch). Tuttavia, vi hanno lasciato traccia anche alcuni tra i piu importanti avversari del monaco di Wittenberg (Johannes Fabri, Konrad Kling e Johannes Debneck, detto Cochleus).
Invariants of the Axisymmetric Plasma Flows
Authors: Bogoyavlenskij Oleg
Published: April 2018

Infinite families of new functionally independent invariants are derived for the axisymmetric dynamics of viscous plasmas with zero electrical resistance. As a consequence, we find that, if two axisymmetric plasma states are dynamically connected, then their total number of magnetic rings must be equal (the same as for the total numbers of magnetic blobs) and the corresponding infinitely many new invariants must coincide.
Circadian and Brain State Modulation of Network Hyperexcitability in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Brown Rosalind , Lam Alice D. , Gonzalez-Sulser Alfredo , Ying Andrew , Jones Mary , Chou Robert Chang-Chih , Tzioras Makis , Jordan Crispin Y. , Jedrasiak-Cape Izabela , Hemonnot Anne-Laure , Abou Jaoude Maurice , Cole Andrew J. , Cash Sydney S. , Saito Takashi , Saido Takaomi , Ribchester Richard R. , Hashemi Kevan , Oren Iris
Published: April 2018

Network hyperexcitability is a feature of Alzheimer’ disease (AD) as well as numerous transgenic mouse models of AD. While hyperexcitability in AD patients and AD animal models share certain features, the mechanistic overlap remains to be established. We aimed to identify features of network hyperexcitability in AD models that can be related to epileptiform activity signatures in AD patients. We studied network hyperexcitability in mice expressing amyloid precursor protein (APP) with mutations that cause familial AD, and compared a transgenic model that overexpresses human APP (hAPP) (J20), to a knock-in model expressing APP at physiological levels (APPNL/F). We recorded continuous long-term electrocorticogram (ECoG) activity from mice, and studied modulation by circadian cycle, behavioral, and brain state. We report that while J20s exhibit frequent interictal spikes (IISs), APPNL/Fmice do not. In J20 mice, IISs were most prevalent during daylight hours and the circadian modulation was associated with sleep. Further analysis of brain state revealed that IIS in J20s are associated with features of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. We found no evidence of cholinergic changes that may contribute to IIS-circadian coupling in J20s. In contrast to J20s, intracranial recordings capturing IIS in AD patients demonstrated frequent IIS in non-REM (NREM) sleep. The salient differences in sleep-stage coupling of IIS in APP overexpressing mice and AD patients suggests that different mechanisms may underlie network hyperexcitability in mice and humans. We posit that sleep-stage coupling of IIS should be an important consideration in identifying mouse AD models that most closely recapitulate network hyperexcitability in human AD.