bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"The banking system of emerging economies in Asia against the background of COVID-19. Case study – the ASEAN area"
Authors:   ", Voinea  Ionela ,   Bucharest University of Economic  Studies"
Published: March 2022

"The importance of the banking system for the economy has been intensely debated in specialized works and numerous studies and articles highlight the connection between banks and economic development. The article analyzes the banking system in Asian emergent economies, particularly in the ASEAN area, in the context of the coronavirus pandemic and it highlights the importance of financial and banking institutions in implementing the initial batch of measures authorities have enforced in order to limit the impact of COVID-19 on the economies in the region. The financial-banking system in the ASEAN area was quick in reacting to the pandemic and it showed flexibility and adaptability to the new economic context. Banks in that region are the main source of funding for the economy; in addition they are open to new technologies and cooperation with fintechs, so that the new context, where consumer behavior is changing as a result of lockdowns and medical restrictions, favors digitalization, and financial institutions are accelerating their strategies for digital transformation. The evolution of the economy depends on the evolution of the medical crisis, but the manner the pandemic will evolve is uncertain. The sole certainty is that the manner banks are currently reacting to the crisis will determine the manner they will rebuild themselves for the future."
"Is price the main motivation for buying general insurances in Romania? Comparative study 2014 – 2019"
Authors:   ", Pantazi Daniel Mihai ,   Alexandru Ioan Cuza University,  Iasi, Romania"
Published: March 2022

"The present research aimed to identify the extent to which the price is the main motivation to buy general insurance in Romania in the period 2014 - 2019. The achieved results have partially confirmed our hypothesis and lead to a series of interesting conclusions with direct applicability in the insurance market and more. Additionally the application initiative of the Howarth Sheth model for the Romanian insurance market represents a novel component, that can lead to developing some specific consumption choice analysis tools."
The financial crisis: a history of the economic schools of thought
Authors:   ", Cazan Sabina Andreea ,   Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University  of Iași, Iași, Romania"
Published: March 2022

"Crisis is a very important aspect of our everyday life and no matter of the dimension we refer to this represents a period in the evolution of a society marked by great difficulties and anxiety. From an economic point of view this is a normal and necessary event, leading to marvellous growth and development. Even so, the authorities are often not prepared or do not know how to mitigate and manage its shortfalls. The main objective of this paper is to focus around the financial crisis development in the perspective of Classical, Neoclassical and Keynesian economics. Even hundreds years apart, all of the three schools have captured the determinants, implications and some measures to mitigate the imbalances which are still relevant today. The question remains though, so why the world did not resolve the puzzle of financial distress taking into consideration the age of these types of events, the number and the forms they hit our society in the last decades. This study will try to summarize the main ideas of ones of the greatest minds of the past in order to bring some light over the financial crisis phenomena."
The impact of economic growth on the financial and capital market
Authors:   ", Lăceanu Claudiu-Florentin ,   Romanian Academy, Bucharest,  Romania", Vlăducu Liviu-Valentin ,   "Romanian Academy, Bucharest,  Romania", Petru Ovidiu-Gheorghe ,   "Romanian Academy, Bucharest,  Romania",  Culea Marius-Silviu  ,   """Dunărea de Jos"" University,  Galați, Romania"
Published: March 2022

"Sustainable development, in the light of the aimed objectives, has a key role in each country’s economy, but also in the world. We have taken this initiative out of our wish to find a scientific explanation of how economic growth influences the capital market and the private insurance and pensions sector across the European Union (EU) member states. Economic growth is part of the indicators measuring the progress made in implementing the Sustainable Development Goal 8. Starting from the fact that in any country, savings and investment play a particularly important role, both at macroeconomic level and at company level, and from the existence of a set of factors that influence savings/investment decisions to the detriment of the current consumption of funds, thus generating a future advantage, this paper aims to study the influence of changing the real gross domestic product on the main ways of placing the sums available in the economy on the capital/financial market."
"Implications of adopting CLOUD accounting on the quality of information provided by the accounting model"
Authors:   ", Stanciu Mihail Alin ,   Valahia University, Târgovişte,  Romania"
Published: March 2022

"From accounting model perspective, the information provided contributes to the knowledge of the entity, and determines useful elements in the economic strategy for decision making. The basis for measuring economic and financial performance at the level of economic entity is represented by the accounting model as a source of specific information. The complex work involved in organizing the accounting model at the level of the economic entity is done in an easy way by choosing one of the many traditional software. The use of a classic accounting software does not imply the use of an internet connection to access the information, the activity taking place offline. The performance of the accounting model depends directly on the use of an information system that provides useful information to substantiate the decisions taken. Within this system, accounting information occupies the most important share. The accounting model involves a lot of data produced during the activity and before the actual development of the transactions, aiming at directing the commercial activity from the perspective of the economic conjuncture, a special situation being that of the crisis periods. The purpose of the article is to analyze the technological progress in accounting and its impact on the accounting model."
Transition away from fossil fuels toward renewables: lessons from Russia-Ukraine crisis
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Ehsan
Published: March 2022

The world’s progress towards net-zero ambitions will bring down fossil fuel utilization and imports over time. However, crises such as COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine conflict have raised questions about the reliability of non-renewables and what actions could be taken by policymakers to immediately mitigate reliance on fossil fuels for vulnerable importers. The responses to the recent crises could reorient energy geopolitics by the decentralization of the global energy system and speeding up renewables deployment. These superb targets require a concerted and sustained energy policy effort across multiple industries, alongside strong international communication on energy security. Clear dialogue between governments, the green power generation industries, and consumers is also a crucial element for successful renewable energy implementation. The world’s energy crisis has unveiled that the transition to renewable energy has been too slow, and serious efforts are required to speed up the transition away from fossil fuels toward renewables.
Discussões sobre aprendizagem em projetos: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Cruz da Silva Ronaldo , Scafuto Isabel Cristina
Published: March 2022

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é apresentar o que está sendo estudado sobre aprendizagem em projetos. Nesse caso, utilizamos a base de dados Scopus para levantamento dos estudos, considerando as principais revistas da área de Gerenciamento de Projetos. A pesquisa se iniciou a partir de uma análise bibliométrica, com levantamento de 256 artigos e, após filtros e ajustes, foram considerados 48 artigos na amostra final. Após análise fatorial exploratória, chegamos a cinco fatores, relacionados à aprendizagem em projetos, o que indicou as frentes de pesquisas para revisão sistemática. Como resultado, identificamos que a aprendizagem individual, a aprendizagem entre projetos e a aprendizagem em organizações baseadas em projetos foram os tópicos de concentração abordados nas pesquisas nos últimos dez anos. No que diz respeito à contribuição desta pesquisa, entendemos que esses temas ajudam pesquisadores e a comunidade de Gestão de Projetos na compreensão das bases teóricas e suas relações com a aprendizagem em projetos, indicando, assim, novas possibilidades de estudos.
A gestão da comunicação em projetos de TI
Authors: Gaijutis de Azevedo Cibelle , Sacchi Homrich Aline , Monteiro de Carvalho Marly
Published: March 2022

A gestão da comunicação se faz presente em todos os tipos de projetos, contudo, em projetos de melhoria sistêmica em que a interação entre equipe de TI e usuários é essencial, observa-se um gap no qual a comunicação nem sempre ocorre com clareza e entendimento mútuo. Assim, o objetivo do presente artigo foi identificar as técnicas mais usuais e as boas práticas recomendadas para a gestão de comunicação que colaborem no aumento da sinergia em projetos de TI com ênfase em melhoria sistêmica. Para tanto, adotou-se estudo quantitativo combinado com o estudo qualitativo. Uma survey foi divulgada em redes sociais, buscando a colaboração de profissionais envolvidos em projetos de TI, das áreas de desenvolvimento, usabilidade ou condução do projeto. Foram coletados dados válidos de 56 respondentes. Alguns destes respondentes, diante das observações expressadas em campos abertos da survey, foram selecionados para uma etapa posterior de entrevista semiestruturada, visando aprofundar suas percepções dos principais insights obtidos na amostra. Os resultados alcançados indicam que as principais barreiras na comunicação em projeto de TI são: choque de cultura, traduzido na linguagem incompatível entre TI e usuários e a falta de empatia entre eles, por não entenderem suas respectivas dificuldades. Adicionalmente, confirmam que a comunicação com a boa interação entre TI e usuários é fator decisivo para o sucesso de projetos de melhorias sistêmicas e que as principais práticas que corroboram com o sucesso desta interação são: a elaboração de um plano formal de comunicação combinado com a adequação de linguagem sempre que necessário.
Adaptation of the Weldon Spring protocol as a proposal for the search for cadavers and evidence in protected natural areas and areas of ecological conservation in Mexico City
Authors: Caballero Valencia Lorena , Landa Erica
Published: March 2022

The institutions responsible for administrating and providing justice in Mexico City lack the methodology, techniques, protocols, and highly trained personnel to carry out the search for disappeared persons. Neither a structure nor organization exist to carry out this work. To avoid continuing to act solely empirically, we decided to propose a model for searching for human remains and surface evidence. We took as a guide the knowledge and experience of the Weldon Spring protocol, which was created, adopted and applied in the United States for cases of mass disasters. The adaptation of this protocol to Mexico City is focused on the protected natural areas and areas of ecological conservation, since they are the zones where human bodies are most likely deposited, a product of crimes carried out by urban organized crime groups. Those areas are located in the higher and more remote parts of the city, and in addition they lack illumination, modes of transportation, public services and security; and they constitute 23.7% of the land under conservation. With this model we stress the importance of developing solid work team; knowledge of natural areas and how urban organized crime is constituted; and the need to carry out prospecting remotely and on foot. It is also important to create a route organized in transect lines and to consider the social and economic impact of using current technological tools to geo-reference the site and the implementation of index cards to register events.
Unidentified Bodies in the Mexican Context
Authors: Fortuna Maria , Corrales Laura , Robinson Alan , Enríguez Farias Roxana , Marquez-Grant Nicholas
Published: March 2022

The discovery of clandestine graves has become a recurrent event during the last ten years in Mexico, and there could be more than roughly 2000 distributed all over the country (Guillen et al. 2018). Mass graves specifically are less well-known, reported, and addressed; they are located in municipal or state cemeteries which house unidentified bodies and of which there is no official census. An estimated 26,000 bodies are considered unidentified (SEGOB 2019a), and every year in Mexico City alone almost 500 bodies are sent to the mass graves in cemeteries. Comprehensive efforts in forensic science are required to mitigate the high percentage of unidentified bodies and coordinate the correct burial and registration of bodies in mass graves. The ongoing humanitarian crisis and the complexity of the context require that investigators look at overlaps between cases of disappeared persons and unidentified bodies, and between searches and identification.
Cuerpos No Identificados en el Contexto Mexicano
Authors: Fortuna Maria , Corrales Laura , Robinson Alan , Enríguez Farias Roxana , Marquez-Grant Nicholas
Published: March 2022

El hallazgo de fosas clandestinas se ha convertido en un hecho recurrente durante los últimos diez años en México, estimándose que podrían existir más de 2000 repartidas por todo el país (Guillen et al. 2018). Menos conocidas, reportadas y atendidas son las fosas comunes, localizadas en panteones municipales o estatales, que albergan cuerpos de personas no identificados y de las cuales no hay un censo oficial. Se estima que existen unos 26000 cuerpos en calidad de no identificados (SEGOB 2019a) y anualmente, tan solo en la Ciudad de México, son destinados a la fosa común cementerial casi 500. Se requieren proyectos integrales en ciencia forense, que mitiguen el alto porcentaje de cuerpos sin identificar, que coordinen la correcta inhumación de cuerpos y su registro en fosas comunes. La crisis humanitaria vigente y la complejidad del contexto precisan considerar las imbricaciones entre casos de desaparecidos y cuerpos no identificados, entre búsqueda e identificación.
Migration und Integration in der Sozialen Arbeit
Authors: Aschenbrenner-Wellmann Beate , Geldner Lea
Published: March 2022

Migration movements continue to increase worldwide and there is much to suggest that the phenomena and processes of migration and integration and the processes of change associated with them as well as increasing ethnic and cultural diversity will have a lasting impact on Germany’s migration society, its specialist policy debates and on the practice of social work. Against this background, this introductory work addresses the following questions relating to complex subject areas in this regard: What is the current situation? What is integration? What methods does social work have at its disposal in this context? What are the philosophical anchors and the legal framework in this respect? What are the challenges for social work?
Challenge of Lung Isolation in Patients with Vocal Cord Implants
Authors: Mohammad Shehata Islam , Elhassan Amir , Zaman Behrooz , Viswanath Omar
Published: March 2022

: Glottic closure insufficiency increases the risk of aspiration and pneumonia, particularly in the elderly. Medialization thyroplasty is an open surgical procedure for treating glottic incompetency by approximating both vocal folds. The vocal fold medialization is achieved by inserting an implant to bring the nonmobile fold to the unaffected side. Lung isolation in patients with vocal cord implantation poses a unique challenge. Understanding the risks of different modalities of lung isolation and their impacts on the vocal cord implant is crucial to implementing a specifically tailored plan. Preoperative bronchoscopy, intraoperative video laryngoscopy, and bronchoscopy are ideal methods for assessing the vocal fold implants and guiding the lung isolation technique. Bronchial blocker through a single-lumen endotracheal tube may be the preferred choice to avoid the injury of the stretched vocal cords and dislodgement of the implant by a larger diameter double-lumen tube.
Will Symbolic Sacrifice Triumph Over Real Sacrifice?
Authors: Burgat Florence , Lyman Elisabeth , James Holly ,   DePaul University
Published: March 2022

Can humanity abandon its meat-based diet, and is it willing to? This diet is unique in that it institutes an endlessly bloody relationship to animals. Highlighted time and again in analyses of the sacrificial system, the possibility of substituting a plant-based offering (or an object) for one that requires killing, replacing the latter with the former and eventually achieving equivalence between the two, could prove unexpectedly fruitful in contemporary discussions of substitutes for meat (both plant-based meats, which imitate animal meat but do not contain it, and cultured animal muscle tissue, commonly referred to as in-vitro meat). This is the guiding question and the answer, in the form of a structuralist hypothesis, that this article proposes to clarify and develop.
Two new species of Exetastes (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) from the Peruvian Andes
Authors: Reshchikov Alexey , Alvarado Mabel
Published: March 2022

Two new species of Exetastes Gravenhorst, 1829 from the Peruvian Andes are described and illustrated: E. andensis sp. nov. and E. tullu sp. nov. Presently, 38 species of Exetastes have been recorded in the Neotropical region. Our discoveries are the first records of the genus in Peru and the Andean region.
Linear recurrence sequence associated to rays of negatively extended Pascal triangle
Authors:   USTHB, Faculty of Mathematics, RECITS Laboratory, Belbachir Hacène , Bouyakoub Abdelkader ,   Oran1 University, Faculty of Sciences, GEAN Laboratory, Krim Fariza ,   USTHB, Faculty of Mathematics, RECITS Laboratory,   Oran1 University, Faculty of Sciences, GEAN Laboratory
Published: March 2022

We consider the extension of generalized arithmetic triangle to negative values of rows and we describe the recurrence relation associated to the sum of diagonal elements laying along finite rays. We also give the corresponding generating function. We conclude by an application to Fibonacci numbers and Morgan-Voyce polynomials with negative subscripts.
On two new combined 3-Fibonacci sequences. Part 3
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Atanassov Krassimir T.
Published: March 2022

Two new combined 3-Fibonacci sequences are introduced and the explicit formulae for their n-th members are given.
On wide-output sieves
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tromsø, Cotronei Alessandro
Published: March 2022

We describe and compare several novel sieve-like methods. They assign values of several functions (i.e., the prime omega functions ω and Ω and the divisor function d) to each natural number in the considered range of integer numbers. We prove that in some cases the algorithms presented have a relatively small computational complexity. A more detailed output is indeed obtained with respect to the original Sieve of Eratosthenes.
An evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective optimization of freshwater consumption in textile dyeing industry
Authors: Elahi Ihsan , Ali Hamid , Asif Muhammad , Iqbal Kashif , Ghadi Yazeed , Alabdulkreem Eatedal
Published: March 2022

Optimization is challenging even after numerous multi-objective evolutionary algorithms have been developed. Most of the multi-objective evolutionary algorithms failed to find out the best solutions spread and took more fitness evolution value to find the best solution. This article proposes an extended version of a multi-objective group counseling optimizer called MOGCO-II. The proposed algorithm is compared with MOGCO, MOPSO, MOCLPSO, and NSGA-II using the well-known benchmark problem such as Zitzler Deb Thieler (ZDT) function. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm generates a better solution than the other algorithms. The proposed algorithm also takes less fitness evolution value to find the optimal Pareto front. Moreover, the textile dyeing industry needs a large amount of fresh water for the dyeing process. After the dyeing process, the textile dyeing industry discharges a massive amount of polluted water, which leads to serious environmental problems. Hence, we proposed a MOGCO-II based optimization scheduling model to reduce freshwater consumption in the textile dyeing industry. The results show that the optimization scheduling model reduces freshwater consumption in the textile dyeing industry by up to 35% compared to manual scheduling.
A hybrid feature selection algorithm and its application in bioinformatics
Authors: Wang Yangyang , Gao Xiaoguang , Ru Xinxin , Sun Pengzhan , Wang Jihan
Published: March 2022

Feature selection is an independent technology for high-dimensional datasets that has been widely applied in a variety of fields. With the vast expansion of information, such as bioinformatics data, there has been an urgent need to investigate more effective and accurate methods involving feature selection in recent decades. Here, we proposed the hybrid MMPSO method, by combining the feature ranking method and the heuristic search method, to obtain an optimal subset that can be used for higher classification accuracy. In this study, ten datasets obtained from the UCI Machine Learning Repository were analyzed to demonstrate the superiority of our method. The MMPSO algorithm outperformed other algorithms in terms of classification accuracy while utilizing the same number of features. Then we applied the method to a biological dataset containing gene expression information about liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) samples obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx). On the basis of the MMPSO algorithm, we identified a 18-gene signature that performed well in distinguishing normal samples from tumours. Nine of the 18 differentially expressed genes were significantly up-regulated in LIHC tumour samples, and the area under curves (AUC) of the combination seven genes (ADRA2B, ERAP2, NPC1L1, PLVAP, POMC, PYROXD2, TRIM29) in classifying tumours with normal samples was greater than 0.99. Six genes (ADRA2B, PYROXD2, CACHD1, FKBP1B, PRKD1 and RPL7AP6) were significantly correlated with survival time. The MMPSO algorithm can be used to effectively extract features from a high-dimensional dataset, which will provide new clues for identifying biomarkers or therapeutic targets from biological data and more perspectives in tumor research.
The prognostic and clinicopathological significance of desmoglein 2 in human cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jiantao , Hao Siyuan , Gu Junjie , Rudd Sean G. , Wang Yan
Published: March 2022

Objective

The survival and clinicopathological significance of desmoglein 2 (DSG2) in various cancers is controversial. Thus, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the preliminary prognostic value of DSG2.

Methods

Eligible studies were identified from databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. Hand searches were also conducted in relevant bibliographies. We then extracted and pooled hazard ratio (HR) of overall survival (OS) and odds ratio (OR) of clinicopathological features.

Results

A total of 11 eligible studies containing 1,488 patients were included. Our results demonstrated that in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), high DSG2 expression is associated with poor OS. However, in digestive system cancer and female reproductive system cancer, there were no statistically significant associations between OS and DSG2.

Conclusions

Based on the findings of this study, high DSG2 expression is associated with worse prognosis in patients with NSCLC, and thus DSG2 expression could be a biomarker for prognosis in NSCLC.
Evaluation of change in trabecular bone structure surrounding dental implants by fractal dimension analysis and comparison with radiomorphometric indicators: a retrospective study
Authors: Karadag Ilkim , Yilmaz Hasan Guney
Published: March 2022

Background

The trabecular bone surrounding dental implant show some structural changes during healing period. The purpose of this study is to observe the change in trabecular bone with fractal dimensional analysis from baseline to 3rd month of implant placement. It was also aimed to determine the correlation of fractal dimension (FD) change with morphometric indices, mandibular cortical index (MCI) and mandibular cortical width (MCW).

Methods

Digital panoramic radiographs taken from 14 patients were evaluated in this study. A total of 30 implants which were placed on mandibular premolar or molar region were included. MCI and MCW assessments were made on baseline radiograph and FD were analyzed on baseline and 3rd month radiograph. FD change by time was recorded separately for every ROI. A paired sample t-test was used to evaluate the change between FD-baseline and FD-3rdmonth values. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the relationship between FD change and MCI. FD change and MCW measurements correlation was calculated by Pearson correlation analysis

Results

FD value increased in 75 of 90 implant-adjacent regions evaluated in the 3rd month and it was observed that the FD values were statistically significantly increased in the mesial, distal and apical regions at the 3rd month measurements. There was no statistically significant relationship between mean FD change and MCI, and there was no correlation between mean FD change and MCW value.

Discussion

There are many studies evaluating the resorptive changes in bone. However, there are few studies investigating whether there is a correlation between pre- and post-operative trabecular pattern with MCI and MCW. The results of this study indicate that the implants have an improving effect on bone trabeculation in the region where they are placed.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of cold-tolerant and -sensitive asparagus bean under chilling stress and recovery
Authors: Miao Mingjun , Tan Huaqiang , Liang Le , Huang Haitao , Chang Wei , Zhang Jianwei , Li Ju , Tang Yi , Li Zhi , Lai Yunsong , Yang Liang , Li Huanxiu
Published: March 2022

Background

Low temperature is a type of abiotic stress that threatens the growth and yield of asparagus bean. However, the key genes and regulatory pathways involved in low temperature response in this legume are still poorly understood. Methodology. The present study analyzed the transcriptome of seedlings from two asparagus bean cultivars—Dubai bean and Ningjiang 3—using Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Correlations between samples were determined by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) and principal component analysis (PCA). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two samples were identified using the DESeq package. Transcription factors (TF) prediction, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEGs were also performed.

Results

Phenotypes and physiological indices indicated that Ningjiang 3 seedlings tolerated cold better than Dubai bean seedlings, in contrast to adult stage. The transcriptome dynamics of the two cultivars were closely compared using Illumina RNA-seq following 0, 3, 12, and 24 h of cold stress at 5 °C and recovery for 3 h at 25 °C room temperature. Global gene expression patterns displayed relatively high correlation between the two cultivars (>0.88), decreasing to 0.79 and 0.81, respectively, at 12 and 24 h of recovery, consistent with the results of principal component analysis. The major transcription factor families identified from differentially expressed genes between the two cultivars included bHLH, NAC, C2H2, MYB, WRKY, and AP2/ERF. The representative GO enrichment terms were protein phosphorylation, photosynthesis, oxidation-reduction process, and cellular glucan metabolic process. Moreover, KEGG analysis of DEGs within each cultivar revealed 36 transcription factors enriched in Dubai bean and Ningjiang 3 seedlings under cold stress.

Conclusions

These results reveal new information that will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the cold stress response of asparagus bean and provide genetic resources for breeding cold-tolerant asparagus bean cultivars.
Water Quality of a Tectonic Lake: Hazar Lake
Authors: Farooq Rashid Rzgar , Saler Serap , Zülfü Çoban Mehmet
Published: March 2022

In this study, water quality parameters of Hazar Lake have been investigated and evaluated according to water quality regulations. Some water quality parameters, such as dissolved oxygen, water temperature pH, electrical conductivity salinity, transparency, (Sechii disc depth), Chlorophyll a, total alkalinity, BOD, chloride, calcium, magnesium, total phosphorus, sulfate, ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogene, nitrate nitrogene, total nitrogen were examined between September 2019-August 2020. The results were evaluated according to the quality criteria of the In-Continental Water Resources Classes of The Water Pollution and Control Regulation. According to the regulation, the water quality of Hazar Lake is classified as the 1st class in terms of dissolved oxygen, water temperature, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate-nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, biological oxygen demand; as the 3rd class in terms of chloride ion; as 4th class in terms of pH. The average chlorophyll a value of 1.09 µg/L in Lake Hazar indicates that the lake shows oligotrophic lake category feature. Secchi disc depth was 3.8 m), which shows that Hazar Lake is at the oligotrophic level in terms of light transmittance. It is noticed that for total phosphorus less than 10 µg/L, the lake is oligotrophic, for 10-20 µg/L is called mesotrophic, and for more than 20 µg/L is so-called eutrophic. This value was measured 0.02 µg/L in the lake; therefore, it can be concluded that the lake is oligotrophic. In addition, the change in alkalinity values of the lake between 402-450 mg CaCO3/L indicates that the lake has very hard water characteristics. Precautions should be taken to protect ecological balances and prevent water pollution in Hazar Lake.
Retropharyngeal Abscess Presenting as Stridor in a 35 Days Male Infant: A Case Report
Authors: Mallick Achinta Kumar , Mishra Abhishek , Yadav Pravin Kumar , Mishra Anushree
Published: March 2022

Retropharyngeal abscess (RPA) is a rare entity in infants. There is limited knowledge and literature available about RPA in neonates and young infants owing to its atypical presentation, often causing a diagnostic dilemma to the treating physicians. RPA should always be kept in mind for all infants presenting with upper respiratory tract symptoms. Proper history, meticulous clinical examination and a very high index of suspicion is key to its prompt diagnosis. There is always a risk of airway compromise in neonates and young infants, owing to the narrow airway and an early surgical intervention is mandatory. We hereby present a rare case of RPA in a 35 day old male infant having atypical presentation of stridor and sepsis. Timely radiological evaluation in form of ultrasonography (USG) & contrast enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) neck was instrumental not only in prompt diagnosis but also in immediate decompression drainage of abscess which turned out to be lifesaving.
Rural Kitchen Design: A Case Study
Authors: Vijaya Lakshmi V. , Milcah Paul M.
Published: March 2022

Kitchen is the heart of a house. Since major part of time is spent in kitchen compared to other areas in the house, it needs to be designed with utmost care. Attention needs to be paid to the type of kitchen, work areas in kitchen i.e., preparation area, sink and cooking area. Storage facilities, openings and ventilation must be adequate so that home maker can do cooking with less strain. With this background, the present study has been conducted through case study method to evaluate the kitchen design in rural areas. The study was conducted in Dabliguda, Maheswaram Mandal in Telangana state. Observations were made in 10 kitchens to understand the existing kitchen conditions. It was found that all the kitchens were placed in the right direction i.e., east. Kitchen sizes also met with the standard specifications as minimum size was 90 sq. ft. and maximum size being more than 150 sq. ft. against 45 sq. ft. as the standard size. But the drawbacks observed in the rural kitchens were lack of adequate ventilation, absence of work triangle as only two working spaces are provided in most of the kitchens and very deep storage shelves. The study implies that rural families need to be educated about importance of implementing design standards for better health, comfort, convenience and to improve work efficiency.
Phytochemical Profile and Antibacterial Photodynamic Activity of Centella asiatica L. (Apiaceae), Citrus grandis L. (Rutaceae) and Zanthoxylum gilletii De Wild. (Rutaceae) Leaves Extracts
Authors: A. Ikey Adam , Kasiama Giresse N. , Kabengele Carlos N. , L. Kapembo Michel , Matshimba Etienne N. , Bete Juvenal , Kilembe Jason T. , L. Ikoto Clément , Ngbolua K. N. , Tshibangu Damien S. T. , D. Tshilanda Dorothée , Mpiana Pius T.
Published: March 2022

Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile of Centella asiatica, Citrus grandis and Zanthoxylum gilletii leaves, in solution and the thin layer chromatography chemical screening and to evaluate the antibacterial photodynamic activity of the species extracts.

Materials and Methods: The search of the secondary metabolites in solution and by thin layer chromatography, the alkaloids and polyphenols extraction were carried out using standard protocols.

The antibacterial photodynamic activity was performed using microdilution method in solution and solid culture media.

Results: Centella asiatica and Citrus grandis showed the same phytochemical profile, with the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids and polyphenols such as: flavonoids, free quinones, anthocyanins, leuco-anthocyanins and tannins. Zanthoxylum gilletii extract showed similar profile with the absence of anthocyanins and leucoanthocyanins. The polyphenolic extracts of both Centella asiatica and Citrus grandis leaves were active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after one and two hours of solar exposition, respectively. Whereas for Zanthoxylum gilletii extract, one hour was sufficient to completely destroy both bacterial strains.

Conclusion: Polyphenolic extracts from Centella asiatica, Citrus grandis and Zanthoxylum gilletii leaves showed a photodynamic effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Colon Targeting Nanosponges of Deflazacort Using Box Behnken Design
Authors: Mishra Sarvesh , Sharma Neeraj , Jain Shailesh
Published: March 2022

Deflazacort is a glucocorticoid that is often used as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant for patients suffering from Inflammatory Bowel Disease such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). IBD is difficult to manage, and the most difficult issue for doctors is the recurrence. There are several regulated and colon focused medication delivery devices available for therapy, however they have a low success rate. The goal of this work was to create nanosponges loaded with deflazacort using the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique using Eudragit S-100 and to investigate the influence of process factors on response using the Box-Behnken design. The effect of three independent parameters, Eudragit S100, PMMA, and PVA, on two dependent responses, particle size and percent drug entrapment, was investigated. Using the Box-behnken design, seventeen nanosponge formulations were created using the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique and Eudragit S-100 (0.2 percent to 0.5 percent w/v), PMMA (0.2 percent to 0.5 percent w/v), and PVA (0.5 percent -1.5 percent w/v). Particle size, percent drug entrapment, shape and surface morphology, drug content determination, and in vitro drug release behaviour were all evaluated in the nanosponge formulations. The generated nanosponge was virtually spherical in form and spongy in character, with particle size 170.45 nm and a drug entrapment percentage of 73.42 percent. Over a 24-hour period, in vitro drug release of optimised formulations was shown to have a maximum drug release of 90.33.3 percent in colonic fluid with 4 percent w/v caecal content. The observed values of several assessment parameters were found to be in close agreement with the projected values using the Design expert programme. The nanosponge formulation obtained using Eudragit S-100 in low concentration, optimum concentration ratio of eudragit: PVA along with low stirring speed showed desired features. The mathematical models were further designed to develop nanosponge with required characteristics.
Histomorphological Trends of Testicular Lesions : A Retrospective Study
Authors: Niveditha E. N. , Harikrishnan Volga
Published: March 2022

Aims: Testis is affected by a variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Our study was undertaken to analyze the spectrum of all testicular lesions and clinical correlation with age-wise distribution, laterality, and clinical presentation of all testicular lesions.

Study Design: A retrospective descriptive study.

Place and Duration of Study: Saveethe Medical College and Hospitals, over three years from January 2018 to December 2020.

Methodology: All testicular lesions sent to the Department of Pathology during this period are taken for the study. Histopathological slides were retrieved and all testicular lesions were reviewed.

Results: Out of 70 cases studied, 64 cases were non-neoplastic (91.42%) and 6 cases were neoplastic (8.57%). Right testis was more commonly involved in our study. Age distribution of non-neoplastic lesions showed the highest incidence in the 2nd decade of life (18.7%) followed by the 6th decade of life (15.6%) in our study. In neoplastic lesions, the 3rd and 4th decade of life shows higher incidence (33.4% respectively). Among non-neoplastic lesions, the most common histologic type is atrophic testis (31.2%). Among neoplastic lesions, the most common lesion is seminoma (50%).

Conclusion: Non- neoplastic lesions are seen in all age groups, whereas testicular neoplastic lesions are more commonly seen in the younger age group.
Digital Aspects of Modern Society and Education Realities
Authors: Milenkova Valentina , Lendzhova Vladislava , Manov Boris
Published: March 2022

This article focuses on the importance of digitalization in the modern society. Following the National Statistical Institute data in regional and age aspects that presented different dimensions of digitalization and its entry in the society are analyzed. The digitalization of education is shown, following various policies and measures taken at the national level. An important element of the analysis is the data on online learning and arguments of different groups of parents about its place in the situation of the  COVID-19 pandemic. The main conclusion of the article is that in Bulgarian society there is a relatively good digital environment that is an important prerequisite for the development of the digital skills in the modern societies.
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE, FIRM VALUE AND THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF FIRM SIZE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY
Authors: Suriawinata Iman Sofian , Nurmalita Denty Melatijati
Published: March 2022

Employing a panel data from a sample of Indonesia listed consumer goods companies covering the period of 2015-2019, the present study examines the effect of share ownership structure on firm value with firm size acting as a moderating variable. The estimation results show that while the control hypothesis of institutional ownership is supported, the alignment hypothesis of managerial ownership does not hold. However, the present study finds that firm size moderates the effect of share ownership structure on firm value. As firm size increases, managerial conducts are more inclined to conform with shareholders’ interest. But on the other hand, as firm size increases, institutional investors tend to side with managers in extracting more value at the expense of other shareholders. These findings corroborate anecdotal evidence in empirical corporate finance that size does matter, and provides insights for policy makers relating to corporate governance implications of institutional ownership in large firms.
Gender differences in aggression: A multiplicative function of outward anger expression
Authors: Kim Dahyeon , Liu Qimin , Quartana Phillip J. , Yoon K. Lira
Published: March 2022

Individuals with a higher (vs. lower) tendency to outwardly express anger (i.e., greater anger‐out) generally exhibit greater aggression; men (vs. women) also tend to be more aggressive. Although the general aggression model posits that multiple person variables trigger aggression, the combined effects of multiple person variables are poorly understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the nature of the relation between gender, anger‐out, and reactive aggression. In particular, we were interested in whether the effects of anger‐out and gender are additive or multiplicative. Specifically, we tested whether men exhibit higher levels of aggression than women at a consistent ratio across all levels of anger‐out (i.e., the multiplicative model) or at a fixed amount depending on the level of anger‐out (i.e., the additive interaction model). To this end, undergraduate participants (N = 203) completed a task in which they were falsely instructed that their objective was to respond more quickly than a same‐sex opponent. They were told that whoever responded more quickly would administer a white noise burst to the opponent and choose its intensity, which served as our measure of aggression. Compared to an additive interaction model, the multiplicative model exhibited a better fit. Specifically, men displayed proportionately more aggression than women with the same level of anger‐out. Research on and treatment for aggression should consider the multiplicative effects of factors related to aggression.
Peer relations and friendships in early childhood: The association with peer victimization
Authors: Kucaba Kat , Monks Claire P.
Published: March 2022

We examined the association between involvement in peer victimization in early childhood and different measures of peer relations to examine the role of the peer group in victimization with a special focus on the role of the aggressor, defender, and target. Children (N = 200; 45.5% girls) and teachers (N = 8; 100% women) were recruited from three primary schools in the south‐east of England. Children were aged 5−7 years (M = 75.6 months, SD = 10.39). Child and teacher reports of children's friendships were obtained. Children reported on the quality of their best friendship. Children provided peer reports on involvement in peer victimization (as aggressor, defender, and target) and social status (like‐most and like‐least). Results show that aggressive children received more like‐least nominations than other children, defenders were the most liked by peers, but targets' social status was not clearly identifiable. There were no significant differences between role in peer victimization and best friend nominations—most children said that they had a best friend. Similarly, there were no differences in reciprocated friendship between different roles. However, children who had their friendship reciprocated received more defender nominations. In line with the homophily hypothesis, aggressive children tended to have aggressive friends and have friendships characterized by conflict. Defenders were friends with other defenders. Targets tended to follow the social competence model of friendships by indicating defenders as their best friends. We discuss these findings in relation to the role that group processes may play in peer victimization in early childhood.
Eliciting information in official Finnish asylum interviews
Authors: Skrifvars Jenny , Antfolk Jan , van Veldhuizen Tanja , Sui Veronica , Korkman Julia
Published: March 2022

Previous research has indicated that asylum interviewers—contrary to recommendations—use more closed than open questions to elicit information. In the current study, we investigated how information is elicited in asylum interviews by analyzing question‐answer pairs in 105 official Finnish asylum interview transcripts. We developed a new coding framework for analyzing the content and characteristics of the answers and used previously collected data on the questions. As predicted, we found that open questions elicited more new information and new key aspects of the asylum claims than other question types. We further extend on previous research by showing that the free recall phases only elicited half of all key aspects of the claims and that mis‐matched answers and difficult or unanswerable questions were alarmingly common. Interviewers would benefit from more training in asking open questions, creating and maintaining rapport, resolving misunderstandings, and increasing the efficacy of the free recall phase.
Pre‐Lithiation of Silicon Anodes by Thermal Evaporation of Lithium for Boosting the Energy Density of Lithium Ion Cells
Authors: Adhitama Egy , Dias Brandao Frederico , Dienwiebel Iris , Bela Marlena M. , Javed Atif , Haneke Lukas , Stan Marian C. , Winter Martin , Gomez‐Martin Aurora , Placke Tobias
Published: March 2022

Silicon (Si) is one of the most promising anode candidates to further push the energy density of lithium ion batteries. However, its practical usage is still hindered by parasitic side reactions including electrolyte decomposition and continuous breakage and (re‐)formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), leading to consumption of active lithium. Pre‐lithiation is considered a highly appealing technique to compensate for active lithium losses. A critical parameter for a successful pre‐lithiation strategy by means of Li metal is to achieve lithiation of the active material/composite anode at the most uniform lateral and in‐depth distribution possible. Despite extensive exploration of various pre‐lithiation techniques, controlling the lithium amount precisely while keeping a homogeneous lithium distribution remains challenging. Here, the thermal evaporation of Li metal as a novel pre‐lithiation technique for pure Si anodes that allows both, that is, precise control of the degree of pre‐lithiation and a homogeneous Li deposition at the surface is reported. Li nucleation, mechanical cracking, and the ongoing phase changes are thoroughly evaluated. The terms dry‐state and wet‐state pre‐lithiation (without/with electrolyte) are revisited. Finally, a series of electrochemical methods are performed to allow a direct correlation of pre‐SEI formation with the electrochemical performance of pre‐lithiated Si.