bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between functional structures and horizontal connections in macaque inferior temporal cortex
Authors: Hu Danling , Sato Takayuki , Rockland Kathleen S. , Tanifuji Manabu , Tanigawa Hisashi
Published: January 2025

Horizontal connections in anterior inferior temporal cortex (ITC) are thought to play an important role in object recognition by integrating information across spatially separated functional columns, but their functional organization remains unclear. Using a combination of optical imaging, electrophysiological recording, and anatomical tracing, we investigated the relationship between stimulus-response maps and patterns of horizontal axon terminals in the macaque ITC. In contrast to the “like-to-like” connectivity observed in the early visual cortex, we found that horizontal axons in ITC do not preferentially connect sites with similar object selectivity. While some axon terminal patches shared responsiveness to specific visual features with the injection site, many connected to regions with different selectivity. Our results suggest that horizontal connections in anterior ITC exhibit diverse functional connectivity, potentially supporting flexible integration of visual information for advanced object recognition processes.
A bioinformatic approach to characterize the vitellogenin receptor and the low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily in the newt Cynops orientalis
Authors: Spinsante Chiara , Carducci Federica , Carotti Elisa , Canapa Adriana , Bizzaro Davide , Biscotti Maria Assunta , Barucca Marco
Published: January 2025

The Low Density Lipoprotein receptors (LDLRs) gene family includes 15 receptors: very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), LDLR, Sorting-related receptor with A-type repeats (SORLA), and 12 LDL receptor-related proteins (LRPs): LRP1, LRP1B, LRP2, LRP3, LRP4, LRP5, LRP6, LRP8, LRP10, LRP11, LRP12, LRP13. Most of these are involved in the transduction of key signals during embryonic development and in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis. In oviparous animals, the VLDL receptor is also known as VTGR since it facilitates the uptake of vitellogenin in ovary. In tetrapods, information concerning genes encoding these proteins is limited to a few taxa. Here, we report the characterization of VTGR in the amphibian Cynops orientalis. The secondary structure analyses and the expression profiles obtained from hepatic and gonadal tissues of C. orientalis supported the role of VTGR as vitellogenin oocyte membrane receptor in this species. Moreover, to get a holistic view of the evolutionary history of this gene superfamily, we extended our investigation to all 15 genes belonging to the LDLR superfamily analyzing through a phylogenetic analysis a total of 161 sequences belonging to 11 genera of vertebrates. The position of LRP8 in the tree and its expression findings in C. orientalis ovary allowed us to suggest that other proteins of the LDLR superfamily could act as receptors during vitellogenesis.
Optimized design and experimental analysis of the vertical mixing plow for enhancing planosol improvement machine
Authors: Du Jiaxing , Hou Jiyao , Dun Yuanyuan , Yang Chuanhua , Li Xiaohai , Zhu Baoguo , Cai Lijun , Dun Guoqiang
Published: January 2025

Improved soil fertility to sustain crop productivity is important to enhance agroecosystem services. To address the low nutrient content, subsoil compaction, and poor root penetration in Planosol, a new machine was designed to improve these conditions. This machine integrates subsoil mixing and fertilizer application. The paper details the machine’s structure and working principle, focusing on optimizing the vertical mixing plow. Furthermore, discrete element method simulations were conducted, using tillage depth, forward speed, and plow height as factors, with soil mixing rate and tractive resistance serving as the evaluation indicators. Results showed optimal performance at 553 mm tillage depth, 1 m/s speed, and 227 mm plow height, with tractive resistance of 7460.5 N and a soil mixing rate of 72.1%. Field trials and soil improvement tests based on optimized parameters confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results. Compared to the Shallow plowing and subsoiling area, the subsoil mixing improvement area showed significant improvement, with a yield increase of 16.4–18.9% over two years.
Tilting deformation analysis and instability prediction of arch-locked-segment landslides induced by rainfall
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Liu Handong , Luo Jiaming , Chen Jiaxing , Wang Hu
Published: January 2025

The failure of locked-segment landslides is associated with the destruction of locked segments that exhibit an energy accumulation effect. Thus, understanding their failure mode and instability mechanism for landslide hazard prevention and control is critical. In this paper, multiple instruments, such as tilt sensors, pore water pressure gauges, moisture sensors, matrix suction sensors, resistance strain gauges, miniature earth pressure sensors, a three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner, and a camera, were used to conduct the physical model tests on the rainfall-induced arch locked-segment landslide to analyze the resulting tilting deformation and evolution mechanism. The results indicate that the tilting deformation characteristics in the locked segment are consistent with the variation in its strain, stress, hydrodynamic responses, and slope morphology, suggesting that tilting deformation can serve as a novel monitoring approach for landslide instability. Further, the tangent angle method and the tilting rate reciprocal method can be utilized to predict the landslide instability based on the landslide tilting deformation curve. The effectiveness of this method is validated in the Huangzangsi dam area, which provides theoretical foundations for understanding the catastrophic mechanism and instability prediction of arch-locked-segment landslides.
Eco-friendly extraction and recovery of triterpenoids from persimmon leaves (Diospyros kaki L.f.) using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents and macroporous resins
Authors: Le Nhan Trong , Van Nguyen Hung , Le Gon Quang , Hoang Trang Huyen Xuan , Nguyen Khan Viet , Ho Duc Viet , Nguyen Ha Thu Thi , Nguyen Hoai Thi
Published: January 2025

A sustainable and comprehensive process for extracting triterpenoids from persimmon leaves was developed for the first time. This method utilizes deep eutectic solvents for extraction and macroporous resins for the recovery of triterpenoids.
Fabrication of a micropatterned shape-memory polymer patch with l-DOPA for tendon regeneration
Authors: Son Yucheol , Lee Min Suk , Hwang Dong Jun , Lee Sun Hong , Lee Albert S. , Hwang Seung Sang , Choi Dong Hoon , Jo Chris Hyunchul , Yang Hee Seok
Published: January 2025

The shape-memory polymer based micropatterned patch (SMP-P) has mimicked a native tendon for providing physical cues and guiding effects. The SMP-P with DOPA enhanced tendon regeneration in a rat ruptured Achilles tendon model.
Strengthening the cellular function of dermal fibroblasts and dermal papilla cells using nanovesicles extracted from stem cells using blue light-based photobiomodulation technology
Authors: Hyun Jiyu , Lee Sang Yoon , An Jiseon , Lee You Bin , Bhang Suk Ho
Published: January 2025

Nanovesicles extracted from stem cells using blue light-based photobiomodulation enhance fibroblast ECM synthesis, angiogenesis, and WNT/β-catenin activation in hair follicle dermal papilla cells.
An aqueous zinc-ion battery with an organic–inorganic nanohybrid cathode featuring high operating voltage and long-term stability
Authors: Zafar Saad , Sharma Muskan , Mahapatra Soumyasri Nikhilesh , Lochab Bimlesh
Published: January 2025

A facilely synthesized nanorod organic–inorganic hybrid material, prepared at optimized pH conditions, is explored as a cathode for sustainable aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
Mechanisms of CO oxidation on high entropy spinels
Authors: Fracchia Martina , Ghigna Paolo , Stolfi Sara , Anselmi Tamburini Umberto , Coduri Mauro , Braglia Luca , Torelli Piero
Published: January 2025

Operando soft XAS allows assessing the mechanism of CO oxidation on high entropy spinels. It proceeds via CO reactive adsorption on surface Mn(iii), reducing them to Mn(ii). O2 oxidizes CO, restoring Mn(iii). The other transition metals are inactive.
Thermodynamic regulation of carbon dioxide capture by functionalized ionic liquids
Authors: Zhao Zhenyu , Wang Kaili , Tao Han , Zhang Zhaowei , Lin Wenjun , Xiao Qiaoxin , Jiang Lili , Li Haoran , Wang Congmin
Published: January 2025

The design and regulation strategies of ionic liquids for CO2 capture are reviewed from the thermodynamic perspective.
An isolable boron-centered radical anion stabilized by a carbazole moiety
Authors: Yuan Ningning , Zhu Tingchun , Ma Jianping , Xue Yunsheng , Liu Yirui
Published: January 2025

A carbazole-stabilized boron-centered monoradical has been isolated and characterized. Interestingly, the B–N bond was elongated and activated in 1˙−[Na(15-crown-5)2]+, which provides a new idea for the subsequent activation of the B–N bond.
Behaviour of particle mobilization and reattachment under flushing conditions in PVC pipes using a full-scale laboratory system
Authors: Anderson Benjamin , Sass Braga Artur , Filion Yves , Payne Sarah Jane
Published: January 2025

Excessive accumulation of particulate material and biofilms on the inner walls of drinking water pipes increases the risk of water discoloration events, known to be the major cause of customer complaints worldwide.
Carbon dioxide-negative composite materials: an economically viable solution for CO2 sequestration
Authors: Kappagantula Keerti S. , Jiang Yuan , Pierobon Francesca , Rabby MD Reza E. , Ramos Jose , Ni Yelin , Nittala Aditya , King Jaelynne , Nickerson Ethan , Nelson Nicholas C. , Joo Wontae , John Raveen , Linehan John C. , Aranzazu Raul N. , Nune Satish K. , Heldebrant David J.
Published: January 2025

Carboxylating lignin and lignite fillers to sequester CO2 in composite materials.
Metal decoration of Si particles via high-energy milling for lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Araño Khryslyn G. , Armstrong Beth L. , Sacci Robert L. , Chambers Matthew S. , Jiang Chun-Sheng , Quinn Joseph , Meyer Harry M. , Tomich Anton W. , Musgrove Amanda , Lam Steven , Toups Elena , Wang Chongmin , Johnson Christopher S. , Veith Gabriel M.
Published: January 2025

We demonstrate an approach to lower desolvation energy and increase rate performance through the introduction of a metal to the silicon surface.
Dynamic imidazolium phosphate@titanium dioxide ionogels as environmental pollutant removers
Authors: Boundor Mohamed , Katir Nadia , El Kadib Abdelkrim
Published: January 2025

Imidazolium dialkylphosphates were synthesized and used to access nanostructured ionic liquid@TiO2 hybrid ionogels bridged through P–O–Ti. The dynamicity of these tectonics was explored for exchanging cationic species and for removing micropollutants.
Preparation of M–MnCo2O4 (M = Fe, Al, Bi, Cr) nanoenzymes with different doping ratios and detection of glutathione in serum
Authors: Li Meiqi , Lian Qi , Zheng Xuefang , Yu Hongmei , Zhao Mengze , Guo Xiaojing
Published: January 2025

5% Fe–MnCo2O4 was facilely prepared and endowed with the oxidase-like activity to detect the concentration of GSH in real serum samples.
Synthesis, characterization, and biophysical and chemical properties of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives and their metal complexes
Authors: Dhanya T. M. , Rajimon K. J. , Varughese Jibin K. , Raghu K. G. , Krishna G. Anjali , Philip Sachin , Pillai Saumya S. , Rineesh P. A. , Breitener Priya , Mohanan P. V.
Published: January 2025

Urgent need for new treatments to combat rising health issues. Research focuses on compounds that fight oxidation, microbes, inflammation, while targeting specific cells and blocking harmful enzymes.
Derivative of clove oil used as a chemosensor for the colorimetric and fluorometric detection of Al3+: crystal structure description and live cell imaging
Authors: Khatun Mohafuza , Mandal Jayanta , Ganguly Rajdeep , Barui Ananya , Banerjee Snehasis , Saha Amrita
Published: January 2025

A derivative of clove oil was synthesized (H3L) for fluorometric and colorimetric detection of Al3+ ions. Strong association constant and low limit of detection of H3L against Al3+ enable its use in real-world applications and cell imaging studies.
The use of silanols as initiators for the ROP of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in ammonia – from linear functional polymers to silicones of complex structure
Authors: Minyaylo E. O. , Zubova V. Yu. , Teplyh E. N. , Ershova T. O. , Alekseeva L. A. , Frank I. V. , Shchegolikhina O. I. , Anisimov A. A. , Muzafarov A. M.
Published: January 2025

In this work, we propose an approach for obtaining polydimethylsiloxanes of various structures, both linear and branched, by a ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane initiated by silanols in liquid ammonia.
A novel hierarchical flower-like ZnO@CuCo2O4 core–shell nanorod composite for non-enzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Liang Bing , Luo Yumei , Liao Lumin , Zeng Julan , Cheng Riguang , Xu Fen , Cao Zhong , Sun Lixian
Published: January 2025

A ZnO@CuCo2O4 composite with a flower-like heterostructure assembled by nanorods was synthesized and used for glucose sensing for the first time.
Condensation of carboxylic acids with amines using the Boc2O/DMAP system under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Boukachabia Mourad , Merabet-Khelassi Mounia , Riant Olivier
Published: January 2025

We have developed an efficient solvent-free protocol for amide bond formation using Boc2O/DMAP, involving the in situ generation of a mixed anhydride and proceeding via a sequential mechanism.
ANRORC type rearrangement/intermolecular cyclocondensation cascade of 5,6-dicyano-3-(2-oxo-2-ethyl)pyrazin-2(1H)-ones with hydrazine hydrate for the synthesis of 2-(pyrazol-3-yl)imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazines
Authors: Mamedov Vakhid A. , Galimullina Venera R. , Qu Zheng-Wang , Zhu Hui , Syakaev Victor V. , Nikolaeva Dariya V. , Rizvanov Il'dar Kh. , Gubaidullin Aidar T. , Sinyashin Oleg G. , Grimme Stefan
Published: January 2025

A novel ANRORC type rearrangement/intermolecular cyclocondensation cascade of 5,6-dicyano-3-(2-oxo-2-ethyl)pyrazin-2(1H)-ones with hydrazine hydrate is disclosed, providing an efficient strategy synthesizing 2-(pyrazol-3-yl)imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazines.
Highly efficient synthesis of random isobutylene/alkenyl styrene copolymers with pendant vinyl groups via cationic polymerization for versatile functionalization
Authors: Wang He-Ying , Zhang Feng-Yu , Li Si-Hao , Song Zi-Yang , Wang Yang , Wu Yi-Xian
Published: January 2025

The controlled cationic copolymerizations of isobutylene (IB) with alkenyl styrenes including 4-allylstyrene, p-(3-butenyl)-styrene and p-(5-hexenyl)-styrene were carried out in n-hexane/CH2Cl2 (6/4 v/v) at −80 °C using a t-BuCl/FeCl3/iPrOH initiating system.
Functionalized cyclic olefin copolymers: chemoselective polymerization of a cyclopropane-containing norbornadiene dimer using a titanium catalyst and post-polymerization modification
Authors: Iwata Yusuke , Shiono Takeshi , Matsuoka Shin-ichi
Published: January 2025

This work demonstrates the synthesis of functionalized polyolefins via titanium catalysis and post-polymerization modification. The key to success is the lack of coordination of the cyclopropane moiety to the propagating titanium species.
Polyurethane-grafted graphene oxide from repurposed foam mattress waste
Authors: Vickery Walker M. , Singh Juhi , Orlando Jason D. , Lin Ting-Chih , Wang Julia , Sydlik Stefanie A.
Published: January 2025

Polyurethanes (PU) make up a large portion of commodity plastics appearing in applications including insulation, footwear, and memory foam mattresses.
Advancing bio-filter materials for enhanced desalination in agricultural applications
Authors: Thilanka K. K. T. , Pathinayaka R. H. W. , Udayanga W. P. V. S. , de Silva Rohini M. , de Silva K. M. Nalin
Published: January 2025

Novel synthesis of high-efficiency cation-selective membrane integrating graphene oxide and Aloe vera into a CMC polymer matrix, combined with dried banana leaves as sustainable anion-selective materials, for electrodialysis desalination.
Coordination-in-pipe engineering of Pt-based intermetallic compounds with nanometer to angstrom precision
Authors: Hu Shouyao , Gong Jiaxin , Tao Yu , Ma Runze , Guan Jianping , Liu Xu , Hu Jinhua , Yan Jun , Wang Shibin , Zhang Zedong , Liang Xiao , Zhuang Zechao , Han Yunhu , Zheng Xusheng , Yan Wensheng , Chen Chengjin , Zhu Wei , Wang Dingsheng , Xiong Yu
Published: January 2025

The controllable synthesis of Pt-based IMCs via coordination-in-pipe engineering is reported in this work, with the ability to simultaneously adjust the coordination number of the nitrogen at the angstrom scale and the size at the nanoscale.
α and γ mixed-phase Ga2O3 as a photocatalyst for CO2 reduction with water: mechanism and the role of each phase
Authors: Ota Naoto , Takashiro Yukie , Yamamoto Muneaki , Tanabe Tetsuo , Yoshida Tomoko
Published: January 2025

Gallium oxides (Ga2O3) with mixed phases of α/β, β/γ, and α/γ are known to show high catalytic activity for the photoreduction of CO2 with water to produce CO, H2 and O2.
Carbonyl reductase 1: a novel regulator of blood pressure in Down syndrome
Authors: Malbon Alexandra J. , Czopek Alicja , Beekman Andrew M. , Goddard Zoë R. , Boyle Aileen , Ivy Jessica R. , Stewart Kevin , Denham Scott G. , Simpson Joanna P. , Homer Natalie Z. , Walker Brian R. , Dhaun Neeraj , Bailey Matthew A. , Morgan Ruth A.
Published: January 2025

Approximately one in every 800 children is born with the severe aneuploid condition of Down syndrome (DS), a trisomy of chromosome 21. Low blood pressure (hypotension) is a common condition associated with DS and can have a significant impact on exercise tolerance and quality of life. Little is known about the factors driving this hypotensive phenotype, therefore therapeutic interventions are limited. Carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) is an enzyme contributing to the metabolism of prostaglandins, glucocorticoids, reactive oxygen species and neurotransmitters, encoded by a gene (CBR1) positioned on chromosome 21 with the potential to affect blood pressure. Utilising telemetric blood pressure measurement of genetically modified mice, we tested the hypothesis that CBR1 influences blood pressure and that its overexpression contributes to hypotension in DS by evaluating possible contributing mechanisms in vitro. In a mouse model of DS (Ts65Dn), which exhibits hypotension, CBR1 activity was increased and pharmacological inhibition of CBR1 ed to increased blood pressure. Mice heterozygous null for Cbr1 had reduced CBR1 enzyme activity and elevated blood pressure. Further experiments indicate that the underlying mechanisms include alterations in both sympathetic tone and prostaglandin metabolism. We conclude that CBR1 activity contributes to blood pressure homeostasis and inhibition of CBR1 may present a novel therapeutic opportunity to correct symptomatic hypotension in DS.
Blockade of neddylation through targeted inhibition of DCN1 alleviates renal fibrosis
Authors: Huo Jin-Ling , Fu Wenjia , Feng Qi , Pan Shaokang , Liu Dongwei , Liu Zhangsuo
Published: January 2025

Neddylation is a process of attaching neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 8 (NEDD8) to substrates for the protein function modulation via enzymatic cascades involving NEDD8-activating enzyme (E1), NEDD8-conjugating enzyme (E2), and NEDD8 ligase (E3). Defective in cullin neddylation 1 (DCN1) serves as a co-E3 ligase, which can simultaneously bind E2 UBE2M and cullin proteins to stabilize the catalytic center of the Cullin-Ring E3 ligase complex, thereby promoting cullin neddylation. Neddylation is reported to be activated in diverse human diseases, and inhibition of protein neddylation has been regarded as a promising anticancer therapy. However, whether neddylation participates in renal fibrosis and whether blockade of neddylation through targeted inhibition of DCN1 play effects on renal fibrosis remains unknown. In the present study, an NEDD8 overexpressed plasmid, DCN1 small interfering RNAs, DCN1-specific inhibitor NAcM-OPT, human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), rat kidney fibroblasts (NRK-49F), RNA sequencing, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) mouse renal fibrosis models were used. Herein, we first showed that neddylation was activated in renal fibrosis. Neddylation blockade through DCN1 deficiency alleviated TGFβ1-induced up-regulation of fibronectin and α-SMA in HK-2 and NRK-49F cells. Importantly, DCN1 inhibition attenuated UUO- and UIRI-induced mouse renal fibrosis. Further studies revealed that DCN1 loss selectively inhibited cullin3 neddylation and induced its substrate NRF2 accumulation, thereby inhibiting TGFβ-Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Overall, blockade of neddylation through targeted inhibition of DCN1 contributes to alleviating renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo, which may constitute a novel therapeutic strategy for renal fibrosis.
DC‐link voltage stability enhancement in intermittent microgrids using coordinated reserve energy management strategy
Authors: Imtiaz Saqif , Yang Lijun , Munir Hafiz Mudassir , Memon Zulfiqar Ali , Kilic Heybet , Naz Muhammad Naveed
Published: January 2025

In recent years, due to its cost effectiveness and environmental advantages, demand for renewable energy resources has grown and their contributions to grid power has therefore increased while requiring effective frequency and voltage regulation. DC link voltage instability is a potential problem in solar energy microgrids, especially during an intermittency, where the system reliability degrades and DC link capacitor is under higher stress. In this article, a novel reserve energy management scheme based on battery and super capacitor storage is presented to stabilize the DC link voltage and reduce capacitor stress, while enhancing the system reliability. The scheme is tested in four different scenarios: Inverter connected DC‐microgrid with irradiance intermittencies, standalone DC‐microgrid without inverter and irradiance intermittencies, standalone DC‐microgrid without inverter and load intermittencies, and standalone DC‐microgrid with inverter under irradiance intermittencies. Simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategy stabilizes DC link voltage over all scenarios, even subject to large instances of irradiance or load changes. During low solar irradiance, the battery and super‐capacitor promote voltage stability by compensating power deficits from the utility grid in the inverter connected grid case. In stand alone mode, the battery provides power during intermittencies and the supercapacitor provides fast transient voltage compensation. The strategy is notable in reducing stress on DClink capacitors and mitigating inverter voltage fluctuations, ultimately enhancing inverter longevity. The results show that the proposed control scheme can improve voltage stability, mitigate the transient effects and guarantee the reliable operation of solar microgrids in variable conditions.
Wavelength-dependent far-infrared polarization of HL Tau observed with SOFIA/HAWC+
Authors: Lietzow-Sinjen Moritz , Wolf Sebastian , Brunngräber Robert
Published: January 2025

We present the first polarimetric observations of a circumstellar disk in the far-infrared wavelength range. We report flux and linear polarization measurements of the young stellar object HL Tau in the bands A (53 μm), C (89 μm), D (155 μm), and E (216 μm) with the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera-plus (HAWC+) on board of the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). The orientation of the polarization vectors is strongly wavelength-dependent and can be attributed to different wavelength-dependent polarization mechanisms in the disk and its local environment. In bands A, C, and D (53 μm to 155 μm), the orientation of the polarization is roughly consistent with a value of 114° at the maximum emission. Hereby, the magnetic field direction is close to that of the spin axis of the disk. In contrast, in band E (216 μm), the orientation is nearly parallel to the minor axis of the projection of the inclined disk. Based on a viscous accretion disk model combined with a surrounding envelope, we performed polarized three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations. In particular, we considered polarization due to emission and absorption by aligned dust grains, and polarization due to scattering of the thermal reemission (self-scattering). At wavelengths of 53 μm, 89 μm, and 155 μm, we were able to reproduce the observed orientation of the polarization vectors. Here, the origin of polarization is consistent with polarized emission by aligned non-spherical dust grains. In contrast, at a wavelength of 216 μm, the polarization pattern could not be fully matched, however, applying self-scattering and assuming dust grain radii up to 35 μm, we were able to reproduce the flip in the orientation of polarization. We conclude that the polarization is caused by dichroic emission of aligned dust grains in the envelope, while at longer wavelengths, the envelope becomes transparent and the polarization is dominated by self-scattering in the disk.
Background exoplanet candidates in the original Kepler field
Authors: Bienias J. , Szabó R.
Published: January 2025

Context. During the primary Kepler mission, between 2009 and 2013, about 150 000 pre-selected targets were observed with a 29.42 minute-long cadence. However, a survey of background stars that fall within the field of view of the downloaded apertures of the primary targets has revealed a number of interesting objects. In previous papers we have presented surveys of short-period eclipsing binaries and RR Lyrae stars.

Aims. The current survey of the Kepler background is concentrated on identifying longer-period eclipsing binaries and pulsating stars. These will be the subject of later papers. In the course of this survey, in addition to eclipsing binaries and pulsating stars, seven exoplanet candidates have been uncovered and in this paper we report on these candidates.

Methods. We used Lomb-Scargle, light curve transit search, and phase dispersion minimisation methods to reveal pixels that show significant periodicities, resulting in the identification of the seven exoplanet candidates. We prepared the light curves for analysis using Pytransit software and cross-matched the pixel coordinates with Gaia and other catalogues to identify the sources.

Results. We identify seven hot Jupiter exoplanet candidates with planet radii ranging from 0.8878 to 1.5174 RJup and periods ranging from 2.5089 to 4.7918 days.
Redistribution of ices between grain populations in protostellar envelopes
Authors: Kalvāns Juris
Published: January 2025

Context. Matter that falls onto a protoplanetary disk (PPD) from a protostellar envelope is heated before it cools again. This induces sublimation and subsequent re-adsorption of ices that accumulated during the prestellar phase.

Aims. We explore the fate of ices on multiple-sized dust grains in a parcel of infalling matter.

Methods. A comprehensive kinetic chemical model using five grain-size bins with different temperatures was applied for an infalling parcel. The parcel was heated to 150 K and then cooled over a total timescale of 20 kyr. Effects on ice loss and re-accumulation by the changed gas density, the maximum temperature, the irradiation intensity, the size-dependent grain temperature trend, and the distribution of the ice mass among the grain-size bins were investigated.

Results. A massive selective redistribution of ices exclusively onto the surface of the coldest grain-size bin occurs in all models. The redistribution starts already during the heating stage, where ices that are sublimated from warmer grains re-adsorb onto colder grains before complete sublimation. During the cooling stage, the sublimated molecules re-freeze again onto the coldest grains. In the case of full sublimation, this re-adsorption is delayed and occurs at lower temperatures because a bare grain surface has lower molecular desorption energies in our model.

Conclusions. Most protostellar envelope grains enter the PPD ice poor (bare). Ices are carried by a single coldest grain-size bin, here representing 12% of the total grain surface area. This bare ice-grain dualism can affect the rate of the grain coagulation. The ice components are stratified on the grains according to their sublimation temperatures.
The Diagnostic Assessment of Platelet Function Defects - Part 2: Update on Platelet Disorders
Authors: Althaus Karina , Hoepner Gero , Zieger Barbara , Prüller Florian , Pavlova Anna , Boeckelmann Doris , Birschmann Ingvild , Müller Jens , Rühl Heiko , Sachs Ulrich , Kehrel Beate , Streif Werner , Bugert Peter , Zaninetti Carlo , Cooper Nina , Schulze Harald , Knöfler Ralf , Bakchoul Tamam , Jurk Kerstin
Published: January 2025

Congenital platelet disorders are rare and targeted treatment is usually not possible. Inherited platelet function disorders (iPFDs) can affect surface receptors and multiple platelet responses such as defects of platelet granules, signal transduction, and procoagulant activity. If iPFDs are also associated with a reduced platelet count (thrombocytopenia), it is not uncommon to be misdiagnosed as immune thrombocytopenia. Because the bleeding tendency of the different platelet disorders is variable, a correct diagnosis of the platelet defect based on phenotyping, function analysis, and genotyping is essential, especially in the perioperative setting. In the case of a platelet receptor deficiency, such as Bernard–Soulier syndrome or Glanzmann thrombasthenia, not only the bleeding tendency but also the risk of isoimmunization after platelet transfusions or pregnancy has to be considered. Platelet granule disorders are commonly associated with either intrinsically quantitative or qualitative granule defects due to impaired granulopoiesis, or granule release defects, which can also affect additional signaling pathways. Functional platelet defects require expertise in the clinical bleeding tendency in terms of the disorder when using antiplatelet agents or other medications that affect platelet function. Platelet defects associated with hematological-oncological diseases require comprehensive information about the patient including the clinical implication of the genetic testing. This review focuses on genetics, clinical presentation, and laboratory platelet function analysis of iPFDs with or without reduced platelet number. As platelet defects affecting the cytoskeleton usually show thrombocytopenia, but less impaired or normal platelet functional responses, they are not specifically addressed.
Patients Undergoing Manipulation under Anesthesia following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: Are Their Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Inferior?
Authors: Sirignano Michael N. , Rowe Robert S. , Gainer James C. , Royster Brett W. , Smith Langan S. , Altman Kyle M. , Yakkanti Madhusudhan R. , Malkani Arthur L.
Published: January 2025

Stiffness after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can lead to decreased function and patient dissatisfaction. Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) is often performed to improve range of motion (ROM); however, there is no consensus on indications or timing. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical results and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between patients who underwent MUA versus those with an uncomplicated postoperative course following primary TKA. This was an institutional review board-approved retrospective review of 116 consecutive patients who underwent MUA from 2013 to 2019 following primary TKA due to stiffness. Indication for MUA was failure to achieve 105 degrees of knee flexion at 6 weeks following surgery. Five patients underwent revision surgery and 15 patients from the MUA group were excluded: 12 lost to follow-up and 3 deaths. The remaining 96 MUA patients were matched to 288 TKAs who did not require MUA or revision, all with a minimum 2-year follow-up. Patients who underwent MUA were younger (60.7 vs. 66.3 years, p < 0.001) and had less preoperative knee flexion (105.4 vs. 110.7 degrees, p < 0.001). There were five (4.9%) revisions in the MUA group: two instability, two chronic pain, and one arthrofibrosis. There were no differences between the groups with respect to postoperative Knee Society Knee Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement, Forgotten Joint Score-12, satisfaction, or complications. Satisfaction rates were 88.5% among MUA patients and 89.6% among non-MUA patients (p = 1.0). Patients undergoing MUA following TKA, using the criteria of failure to achieve 105 degrees of flexion by 6 weeks postoperatively, were able to achieve similar PROMs and satisfaction compared with a control group with a low incidence of revision due to persistent arthrofibrosis.
Stress, Partner Violence, and Coagulopathy: Unmasking New Triggers for Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Soler Eva , Roldan Vanessa , Marín Francisco
Published: January 2025

.VTE-WEAK study provides valuable insights into the complex interaction between psychosocial and clinical factors in VTE recurrence. This stud reinforces the necessity of a holistic approach to VTE management, combining psychosocial evaluation with targeted interventions alongside traditional clinical strategies.
Magnetic ordering in Bi2CuO4
Authors: Gaidukov Yu. P. , Nikiforov V. N. , Samarin N. N.
Published: January 2025

The results of ultrasonic measurements as well as the measurements of heat capacity and magnetic susceptibility in Bi2CuO4 polycrystalline samples at temperatures 4–200 K are described. Temperature dependences of sound attenuation and heat capacity display two anomalies in the regions of 15 and 42 K, corresponding to the minimum and maximum on the temperature dependences of magnetic susceptibility. The anomalies at 15 K are attributed to additional magnetic ordering of spins of Cu2+ ions.
Pinning and magnetic flux dynamics in moderately anisotropic superconductors
Authors: Pan V. M. , Solov’ev V. F.
Published: January 2025

The results of measurements of anisotropy in the critical current density in YBCO HTS single crystals by magnetic and transport methods are considered. It is shown that point and two-dimensional defects are dominating pinning centers in monocrystalline samples. The available data on critical current measurements in YBCO single crystals are analyzed on the basis of the proposed model.
On the edge barrier for magnetic field penetration in thin YBaCuO films
Authors: Trunin M. R. , Zhukov A. A.
Published: January 2025

A change in the initial cubic amplitude dependence H3ω∝Hω3 of the third harmonic is observed when the microwave field Hω perpendicular to the surface of a YBaCuO film attains the value Hω∗. Near the superconducting transition temperature Tc, the dependences Hω∗∝Ri−1/2Tc−T are observed, where Ri is the radius of the ith film. In the field Hω∗, the Meissner critical current density at the film edge reaches the critical value, which allows us to identify Hω∗ as the field corresponding to the suppression of the edge surface barrier in a thin YBaCuO film.
The state of Pr ion in the YBaCuO system
Authors: Voloshin V. A. , Babenko V. V. , But’ko V. G. , Reznik I. M. , Foskarino E. V.
Published: January 2025

It is suggested that the Pr ion in YBaCuO is in a state with a mixed valency (4f2↔4f1) with a period less than 10−13 s. The 4f-configuration is involved in the formation of the Pr–O chemical bond with the same time scale, which leads to localization of free charge carriers (holes) and to superconductivity suppression.
Progress, challenges, and perspectives of magnetoelectric composites and devices based on relaxor-PT single crystals
Authors: Patil Deepak Rajaram , Chu Zhaoqiang , Dong Shuxiang , Kim Kee Hoon , Song Hyunseok , Jeong Dae-Yong , Ryu Jungho
Published: January 2025

Magnetoelectric (ME) composites exhibit robust ME interfacial coupling because of the strong interaction between piezoelectricity and magnetostriction. The presence of two novel functionalities, i.e., direct and converse ME couplings, makes them ideal candidates for multifunctional devices such as energy harvesters, magnetic field sensors, ME random access memories, and ME antennas. In these ME composites, ME coupling is strongly dependent on the superior physical properties of the piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials. Therefore, magnetostrictive materials with excellent piezomagnetic coefficients and piezoelectric materials with excellent piezoelectric coefficients are required to achieve a large ME coupling. Among the various piezoelectric materials, ferroelectric relaxor-PbTiO3 (PT) single crystals have been used extensively as piezoelectric constituents because of their ultrahigh piezoelectric and electromechanical properties. Furthermore, the domain structure and crystal orientation of the relaxor-PT single crystals exhibit extraordinarily large piezoelectric and electromechanical properties. Owing to these multifunctional properties, relaxor-PT single-crystal-based ME composites have been widely used for studying direct and converse ME couplings in ME composites in recent years. Relaxor-PT single-crystal-based ME composites show excellent ME coupling, e.g., the highest ME voltage coefficient, equivalent magnetic noise, and output power of 7000 V cm−1 Oe−1@ 23.23 kHz, 6 pT/√Hz @1 Hz, and 19 mW @ 60 Hz, respectively, which are one of the best-reported values in ME composites so far. Considering the vast research on relaxor-PT single-crystal-based ME composites, we present a detailed review of the recent progress, challenges, and perspectives of ME composites and ME devices based on relaxor-PT single crystals.
The transformations to remove or add bound states for the half-line matrix Schrödinger operator
Authors: Aktosun Tuncay , Weder Ricardo
Published: January 2025

We present the transformations to remove or add bound states or to decrease or increase the multiplicities of any existing bound states for the half-line matrix-valued Schrödinger operator with the general selfadjoint boundary condition, without changing the continuous spectrum of the operator. When the matrix-valued potential is selfadjoint, is integrable, and has a finite first moment, the relevant transformations are constructed through the development of the Gel’fand–Levitan method for the corresponding Schrödinger operator. In particular, the bound-state normalization matrices are constructed at each bound state for any multiplicity. The transformations are obtained for all relevant quantities, including the matrix potential, the Jost solution, the regular solution, the Jost matrix, the scattering matrix, and the boundary condition. For each bound state, the corresponding dependency matrix is introduced by connecting the normalization matrix used in the Gel’fand–Levitan method and the normalization matrix used in the Marchenko method of inverse scattering. Various estimates are provided to describe the large spacial asymptotics for the change in the potential when the bound states are removed or added or their multiplicities are modified. An explicit example is provided showing that an asymptotic estimate available in the literature in the scalar case for the potential increment is incorrect.
Structure dependent optical and conductive properties of HPMC:CoCl2 composites: A functional data analysis study
Authors: G K Gowtham , Urs Thejas G.
Published: January 2025

This study rigorously investigates cobalt chloride doped hydroxypropyl methylcellulose composite films, taking a significant step toward understanding structure property relations. The aim is to develop biodegradable yet conductive polymer composites by meticulously examining the effects of incorporating a metal salt like cobalt chloride. The x-ray diffraction results obtained for these samples are analyzed to relate structure property dependencies. Conductivity tests provide valuable insights into variations in electrical conductivity, impedance, and dielectric properties. The optical bandgap obtained from UV/visible spectroscopic studies aligns with other studied physical parameters, supporting dopant-driven changes in these composites. In addition, employing the tightly bound electron model, we detail the bandgap variation in these composites concerning the dopant concentration. This study reveals that cobalt chloride is an effective dopant for modifying conductivity in a non-conductive polymer. Furthermore, we observe that the addition of CoCl2 in the polymer matrix forms packets of ordered regions, referred to as domains or crystalline grains. These domains act as sources of free ions and electrons, enhancing electrical and optical properties. Alongside experimental evidence, we employ a robust calculation method using functional data analysis to draw clear relationships among the parameters under study, further emphasizing the scientific rigor and significance of our findings.
A computational fluid dynamics analysis of the aerodynamic influence of angles of attack on the Skylon spaceplane
Authors: Koothan Venkateswaran Vivekamanickam , Gamiz Unai Fernandez , Boyano Ana , Blanco Jesus Maria
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the aerodynamic behavior of a reusable launch vehicle, the Skylon spaceplane, for different angles of attack at Mach 5. The goal is to determine how aerodynamic effects manifest at various angles of attack and compare it with the theoretical data along with the determination of total time required for such computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The analysis focuses on the aerodynamics of the Skylon spaceplane and the Synergistic Air-Breathing Rocket Engine to understand their impact on single-stage reusable vehicles in the aerospace sector. This work is also crucial for paving the way for CFD simulations in future research in this sector. The total time consumed by the simulation and the possibility of using its data for other less time-consuming methods, such as convolutional neural networks, are considered. This research establishes a foundation for understanding the aerodynamic effects of specific angles of attack by comparing theoretical and simulation values. Results are produced for angles of attack of −60°, −45°, −30°, −15°, 0°, +15°, +30°, +45°, and +60° at Mach 5. The lift coefficient CL and drag coefficient CD are analyzed using the shear-stress transport k–ω model, and a comparison is made between the theoretical and simulated values. Finally, errors are calculated to understand the variation between the computed and theoretical values, as experimental data comparison is expensive and experimental data are often confidential.
How a responsive reproduction factor is determinant in a prey–predator dynamics: A numerical and analytical study in a discrete-time model
Authors: Bittencourt M. S. , Brugnago E. L. , Guimarães-Filho Z. O. , Caldas I. L. , Reis A. S.
Published: January 2025

In this work, we investigate the dynamics of a discrete-time prey–predator model considering a prey reproductive response as a function of the predation risk, with the prey population growth factor governed by two parameters. The system can evolve toward scenarios of mutual or only of predators extinction, or species coexistence. We analytically show all different types of equilibrium points depending on the ranges of growth parameters. By numerical study, we find the occurrence of quasiperiodic, chaotic, and hyperchaotic behaviors. Our analytical results are corroborated by the numerical ones. We highlight Arnold tongue-like periodic structures organized according to the Farey sequence, as well as pairs of twin shrimps connected by two links. The mathematical model captures two possible prey responsive strategies, decreasing or increasing the reproduction rate under predatory threat. Our results support that both strategies are compatible with the populations coexistence and present rich dynamics.
Optical properties of 2D GeTe under strain: A DFT study
Authors: Ruiz-Cigarrillo O. , Flores-Rangel G. , Zavala-Moran U. , Puebla J. , Balderas-Navarro R. E. , Mizaikoff B.
Published: January 2025

Monolayer germanium telluride (GeTe) exhibits tunable electronic and optical properties, making it promising for device applications. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT), we investigate the impact of uniaxial strain, ϵ, on its band structure and dielectric function (DF), ε̃. Tensile strain along the —zigzag direction induces a direct-to-indirect bandgap transition at ϵ = 2%, reducing the gap from 1.80 to 1.62 eV. Compressive strain narrows the gap while maintaining its indirect nature. Strain also induces in-plane anisotropy in the DF and shifts the optical absorption spectrum. We determine a deformation potential (DP) of −6.45 eV for the bandgap under tensile strain and DPs for other above bandgap high-symmetry points. These findings highlight the potential of strain engineering for tuning GeTe’s properties in devices.
Singularity of Lévy walks in the lifted Pomeau–Manneville map
Authors: Brevitt Samuel , Schulz Alexander , Pegler Dominic , Kantz Holger , Klages Rainer
Published: January 2025

Since groundbreaking works in the 1980s it is well-known that simple deterministic dynamical systems can display intermittent dynamics and weak chaos leading to anomalous diffusion. A paradigmatic example is the Pomeau–Manneville (PM) map which, suitably lifted onto the whole real line, was shown to generate superdiffusion that can be reproduced by stochastic Lévy walks (LWs). Here, we report that this matching only holds for parameter values of the PM map that are of Lebesgue measure zero in its two-dimensional parameter space. This is due to a bifurcation scenario that the map exhibits under variation of one parameter. Constraining this parameter to specific singular values at which the map generates superdiffusion by varying the second one, as has been done in the previous literature, we find quantitative deviations between deterministic diffusion and diffusion generated by stochastic LWs in a particular range of parameter values, which cannot be cured by simple LW modifications. We also explore the effect of aging on superdiffusion in the PM map and show that this yields a profound change of the diffusive properties under variation of the aging time, which should be important for experiments. Our findings demonstrate that even in this simplest well-studied setting, a matching of deterministic and stochastic diffusive properties is non-trivial.
Global well-posedness of the compressible elastic Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations in half-spaces
Authors: Shen Rong , Wang Yong , Wu Yunshun
Published: January 2025

We study the three-dimensional compressible elastic Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations, which model the motion of a kind of compressible electrically conducting viscoelastic flows. In the Poisson equation, the positive background charge satisfies the constant distribution or the Boltzmann distribution. Under the Hodge boundary condition for the velocity and the Dirichlet or Neumann boundary condition for the electrostatic potential, we obtain the uniquely global strong solution near a constant equilibrium state for the half-space problem by a delicate energy method.