bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Lung Carcinogenesis from a Morphostatic Perspective: Prevention and Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals for Targeting Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Heng Win Sen , Kruyt Frank A. E. , Cheah Shiau-Chuen
Published: May 2021

Lung cancer is still one of the deadliest cancers, with over two million incidences annually. Prevention is regarded as the most efficient way to reduce both the incidence and death figures. Nevertheless, treatment should still be improved, particularly in addressing therapeutic resistance due to cancer stem cells—the assumed drivers of tumor initiation and progression. Phytochemicals in plant-based diets are thought to contribute substantially to lung cancer prevention and may be efficacious for targeting lung cancer stem cells. In this review, we collect recent literature on lung homeostasis, carcinogenesis, and phytochemicals studied in lung cancers. We provide a comprehensive overview of how normal lung tissue operates and relate it with lung carcinogenesis to redefine better targets for lung cancer stem cells. Nine well-studied phytochemical compounds, namely curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, luteolin, sulforaphane, berberine, genistein, and capsaicin, are discussed in terms of their chemopreventive and anticancer mechanisms in lung cancer and potential use in the clinic. How the use of phytochemicals can be improved by structural manipulations, targeted delivery, concentration adjustments, and combinatorial treatments is also highlighted. We propose that lung carcinomas should be treated differently based on their respective cellular origins. Targeting quiescence-inducing, inflammation-dampening, or reactive oxygen species-balancing pathways appears particularly interesting.
Application of Nano-Drug Delivery System Based on Cascade Technology in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sun Ying , Ma Xiaoli , Hu Hao
Published: May 2021

In the current cancer treatment, various combination therapies have been widely used, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with chemokinetic therapy (CDT). However, due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the limitations of treatment, the efficacy of current treatment options for some cancers is unsatisfactory. Nowadays, cascade technology has been used in cancer treatment and achieved good therapeutic effect. Cascade technology based on nanotechnology can trigger cascade reactions under specific tumor conditions to achieve precise positioning and controlled release, or amplify the efficacy of each drug to improve anticancer efficacy and reduce side effects. Compared with the traditional treatment, the application of cascade technology has achieved the controllability, specificity, and effectiveness of cancer treatment. This paper reviews the application of cascade technology in drug delivery, targeting, and release via nano-drug delivery systems in recent years, and introduces their application in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cancer treatment. Finally, we briefly describe the current challenges and prospects of cascade technology in cancer treatment in the future.
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase SPL2 Is a Lanthanide-Binding Protein
Authors: Tracz Michał , Górniak Ireneusz , Szczepaniak Andrzej , Białek Wojciech
Published: May 2021

The SPL2 protein is an E3 ubiquitin ligase of unknown function. It is one of only three types of E3 ligases found in the outer membrane of plant chloroplasts. In this study, we show that the cytosolic fragment of SPL2 binds lanthanide ions, as evidenced by fluorescence measurements and circular dichroism spectroscopy. We also report that SPL2 undergoes conformational changes upon binding of both Ca2+ and La3+, as evidenced by its partial unfolding. However, these structural rearrangements do not interfere with SPL2 enzymatic activity, as the protein retains its ability to auto-ubiquitinate in vitro. The possible applications of lanthanide-based probes to identify protein interactions in vivo are also discussed. Taken together, the results of this study reveal that the SPL2 protein contains a lanthanide-binding site, showing for the first time that at least some E3 ubiquitin ligases are also capable of binding lanthanide ions.
Overexpression of the Apple (Malus × domestica) MdERF100 in Arabidopsis Increases Resistance to Powdery Mildew
Authors: Zhang Yiping , Zhang Li , Ma Hai , Zhang Yichu , Zhang Xiuming , Ji Miaomiao , van Nocker Steve , Ahmad Bilal , Zhao Zhengyang , Wang Xiping , Gao Hua
Published: May 2021

APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) transcription factors play important roles in plant development and stress response. Although AP2/ERF genes have been extensively investigated in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known about their role in biotic stress response in perennial fruit tree crops such as apple (Malus × domestica). Here, we investigated the role of MdERF100 in powdery mildew resistance in apple. MdERF100 localized to the nucleus but showed no transcriptional activation activity. The heterologous expression of MdERF100 in Arabidopsis not only enhanced powdery mildew resistance but also increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cell death. Furthermore, MdERF100-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants exhibited differential expressions of genes involved in jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling when infected with the powdery mildew pathogen. Additionally, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays confirmed that MdERF100 physically interacts with the basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) protein MdbHLH92. These results suggest that MdERF100 mediates powdery mildew resistance by regulating the JA and SA signaling pathways, and MdbHLH92 is involved in plant defense against powdery mildew. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the role of MdERF genes in disease resistance, and provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance in apple.
Beyond the Genetic Pathways, Flowering Regulation Complexity in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Quiroz Stella , Yustis Juan Carlos , Chávez-Hernández Elva C. , Martínez Tania , Sanchez Maria de la Paz , Garay-Arroyo Adriana , Álvarez-Buylla Elena R. , García-Ponce Berenice
Published: May 2021

Flowering is one of the most critical developmental transitions in plants’ life. The irreversible change from the vegetative to the reproductive stage is strictly controlled to ensure the progeny’s success. In Arabidopsis thaliana, seven flowering genetic pathways have been described under specific growth conditions. However, the evidence condensed here suggest that these pathways are tightly interconnected in a complex multilevel regulatory network. In this review, we pursue an integrative approach emphasizing the molecular interactions among the flowering regulatory network components. We also consider that the same regulatory network prevents or induces flowering phase change in response to internal cues modulated by environmental signals. In this sense, we describe how during the vegetative phase of development it is essential to prevent the expression of flowering promoting genes until they are required. Then, we mention flowering regulation under suboptimal growing temperatures, such as those in autumn and winter. We next expose the requirement of endogenous signals in flowering, and finally, the acceleration of this transition by long-day photoperiod and temperature rise signals allowing A. thaliana to bloom in spring and summer seasons. With this approach, we aim to provide an initial systemic view to help the reader integrate this complex developmental process.
Evaluating the Moral Framing of Disaffiliation: Sociological and Pastoral Perspectives on the Rise of the “Nones”
Authors: Hoover Brett C.
Published: May 2021

The wave of religious disaffiliation that began in the 1990s in the United States has gone from a concern of pastoral leaders to perhaps the concern of pastoral leaders. This article examines a moral framing of religious disaffiliation—where disaffiliation is seen as a symptom of larger moral struggles in society. After a review of contemporary sociological research on the phenomenon of disaffiliation, its roots and causes, the article explores the thinking of the influential Catholic bishop and media entrepreneur Robert Barron as an example of the moral framing of religious disaffiliation. Barron operates as a “moral entrepreneur” in today’s media-rich context, working to persuade Catholics to eschew certain strains of secular and liberal Catholic thinking in order to embrace traditional Catholicism as part of a moral struggle for the soul of U.S. society. Sociological theory on moral entrepreneurship and moral regulation helps make sense of his position. In the end, however, the causes and processes revealed in sociological research on disaffiliation reveal the moral framing as an inadequate construct for making sense of the actual phenomenon. I conclude by recommending a “historical-pastoral” framing of disaffiliation instead.
“Deep Listening” in Buddhist Studies: Teaching and Learning during a Pandemic
Authors: Garrett Frances , Chase Sophie
Published: May 2021

Co-authored between a professor and student, this essay discusses how an experiential learning assignment of “deep listening” was integrated into an online course on histories of Buddhist meditation. Paired with a group art project, the work provided not only an opportunity to practice critical communication skills, but also a sense of connection and community, which is especially important during the conditions of pandemic isolation. The course design relied on pedagogical principles specifically aimed at supporting student well-being, such as trauma-informed teaching. We reflect on how grounding course design in inclusive, anti-oppressive and care-focused principles may enable new outcomes in teaching and learning beyond this pandemic year.
Video-Rate Identification of High-Capacity Low-Cost Tags in the Terahertz Domain
Authors: Bonnefoy Florent , Bernier Maxime , Perret Etienne , Barbot Nicolas , Siragusa Romain , Hely David , Kato Eiji , Garet Frederic
Published: May 2021

In this article, we report on video-rate identification of very low-cost tags in the terahertz (THz) domain. Contrary to barcodes, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, or even chipless RFID tags, operate in the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB). These THz labels are not based on a planar surface pattern but are instead embedded, thus hidden, in the volume of the product to identify. The tag is entirely made of dielectric materials and is based on a 1D photonic bandgap structure, made of a quasi-periodic stack of two different polyethylene-based materials presenting different refractive indices. The thickness of each layer is of the order of the THz wavelength, leading to an overall tag thickness in the millimetre range. More particularly, we show in this article that the binary information coded within these tags can be rapidly and reliably identified using a commercial terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system as a reader. More precisely, a bit error rate smaller than 1% is experimentally reached for a reading duration as short as a few tens of milliseconds on an 8 bits (~40 bits/cm2) THID tag. The performance limits of such a tag structure are explored in terms of both dielectric material properties (losses) and angular acceptance. Finally, realistic coding capacities of about 60 bits (~300 bits/cm2) can be envisaged with such tags.
GPS Swept Anti-Jamming Technique Based on Fast Orthogonal Search (FOS)
Authors: Tamazin Mohamed , Korenberg Michael J. , Elghamrawy Haidy , Noureldin Aboelmagd
Published: May 2021

Recently, there has been growing demand for GPS-based reliable positioning, with the broadening of a range of new applications that mainly rely on GPS. GPS receivers have, recently, been attractive targets for jamming. GPS signals are received below the noise floor. Thus, they are vulnerable to interference and jamming. A jamming signal can potentially decrease the SNR, which results in disruption of GPS-based services. This paper aims to propose a reliable and accurate, swept anti-jamming technique based on high-resolution spectral analysis, utilizing the FOS method to provide an accurate spectral estimation of the GPS swept jamming signal. resulting in suppressing the jamming signal efficiently at the signal processing stages in the GPS receiver. Experiments in this research are conducted using the SpirentTM GSS6700 simulation system to create a fully controlled environment to test and validate the developed method’s performance. The results demonstrated the proposed method’s capabilities to detect, estimate, and adequately suppress the GPS swept jamming signals. After the proposed anti-jamming module was employed, the software receiver was able to provide a continuous positioning solution during the presence of jamming within a 10 m positioning accuracy.
Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) Control of a Virtual Assistant in a Smartphone to Manage Messaging Applications
Authors: Velasco-Álvarez Francisco , Fernández-Rodríguez Álvaro , Vizcaíno-Martín Francisco-Javier , Díaz-Estrella Antonio , Ron-Angevin Ricardo
Published: May 2021

Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) are a type of assistive technology that uses the brain signals of users to establish a communication and control channel between them and an external device. BCI systems may be a suitable tool to restore communication skills in severely motor-disabled patients, as BCI do not rely on muscular control. The loss of communication is one of the most negative consequences reported by such patients. This paper presents a BCI system focused on the control of four mainstream messaging applications running in a smartphone: WhatsApp, Telegram, e-mail and short message service (SMS). The control of the BCI is achieved through the well-known visual P300 row-column paradigm (RCP), allowing the user to select control commands as well as spelling characters. For the control of the smartphone, the system sends synthesized voice commands that are interpreted by a virtual assistant running in the smartphone. Four tasks related to the four mentioned messaging services were tested with 15 healthy volunteers, most of whom were able to accomplish the tasks, which included sending free text e-mails to an address proposed by the subjects themselves. The online performance results obtained, as well as the results of subjective questionnaires, support the viability of the proposed system.
Social Sensing of Heatwaves
Authors: Young James C. , Arthur Rudy , Spruce Michelle , Williams Hywel T. P.
Published: May 2021

Heatwaves cause thousands of deaths every year, yet the social impacts of heat are poorly measured. Temperature alone is not sufficient to measure impacts and “heatwaves” are defined differently in different cities/countries. This study used data from the microblogging platform Twitter to detect different scales of response and varying attitudes to heatwaves within the United Kingdom (UK), the United States of America (US) and Australia. At the country scale, the volume of heat-related Twitter activity increased exponentially as temperature increased. The initial social reaction differed between countries, with a larger response to heatwaves elicited from the UK than from Australia, despite the comparatively milder conditions in the UK. Language analysis reveals that the UK user population typically responds with concern for individual wellbeing and discomfort, whereas Australian and US users typically focus on the environmental consequences. At the city scale, differing responses are seen in London, Sydney and New York on governmentally defined heatwave days; sentiment changes predictably in London and New York over a 24-h period, while sentiment is more constant in Sydney. This study shows that social media data can provide robust observations of public response to heat, suggesting that social sensing of heatwaves might be useful for preparedness and mitigation.
Multi-Satellite Relative Navigation Scheme for Microsatellites Using Inter-Satellite Radio Frequency Measurements
Authors: Mo Shiming , Jin Xiaojun , Lin Chen , Zhang Wei , Xu Zhaobin , Jin Zhonghe
Published: May 2021

The inter-satellite relative navigation method—based on radio frequency (RF) range and angle measurements—offers good autonomy and high precision, and has been successfully applied to two-satellite formation missions. However, two main challenges occur when this method is applied to multi-microsatellite formations: (i) the implementation difficulty of the inter-satellite RF angle measurement increases significantly as the number of satellites increases; and (ii) there is no high-precision, scalable RF measurement scheme or corresponding multi-satellite relative navigation algorithm that supports multi-satellite formations. Thus, a novel multi-satellite relative navigation scheme based on inter-satellite RF range and angle measurements is proposed. The measurement layer requires only a small number of chief satellites, and a novel distributed multi-satellite range measurement scheme is adopted to meet the scalability requirement. An inter-satellite relative navigation algorithm for multi-satellite formations is also proposed. This algorithm achieves high-precision relative navigation by fusing the algorithm and measurement layers. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme requires only three chief satellites to perform inter-satellite angle measurements. Moreover, with the typical inter-satellite measurement accuracy and an inter-satellite distance of around 1 km, the proposed scheme achieves a multi-satellite relative navigation accuracy of ~30 cm, which is about the same as the relative navigation accuracy of two-satellite formations. Furthermore, decreasing the number of chief satellites only slightly degrades accuracy, thereby significantly reducing the implementation difficulty of multi-satellite RF angle measurements.
On the Use of Pulsed UV or Visible Light Activated Gas Sensing of Reducing and Oxidising Species with WO3 and WS2 Nanomaterials
Authors: González Ernesto , Casanova-Chafer Juan , Alagh Aanchal , Romero Alfonso , Vilanova Xavier , Acosta Selene , Cossement Damien , Bittencourt Carla , Llobet Eduard
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a methodology to quantify oxidizing and reducing gases using n-type and p-type chemiresistive sensors, respectively. Low temperature sensor heating with pulsed UV or visible light modulation is used together with the application of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to extract sensor response features. These features are further processed via principal component analysis (PCA) and principal component regression (PCR) for achieving gas discrimination and building concentration prediction models with R2 values up to 98% and RMSE values as low as 5% for the total gas concentration range studied. UV and visible light were used to study the influence of the light wavelength in the prediction model performance. We demonstrate that n-type and p-type sensors need to be used together for achieving good quantification of oxidizing and reducing species, respectively, since the semiconductor type defines the prediction model’s effectiveness towards an oxidizing or reducing gas. The presented method reduces considerably the total time needed to quantify the gas concentration compared with the results obtained in a previous work. The use of visible light LEDs for performing pulsed light modulation enhances system performance and considerably reduces cost in comparison to previously reported UV light-based approaches.
Calibration of a Hyper-Spectral Imaging System Using a Low-Cost Reference
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Saad , Jaferzadeh Keyvan , Thörnberg Benny , Casselgren Johan
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we present a hyper-spectral imaging system and practical calibration procedure using a low-cost calibration reference made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The imaging system includes a hyperspectral camera and an active source of illumination with a variable spectral distribution of intensity. The calibration reference is used to measure the relative reflectance of any material surface independent of the spectral distribution of light and camera sensitivity. Winter road conditions are taken as a test application, and several spectral images of snow, icy asphalt, dry asphalt, and wet asphalt were made at different exposure times using different illumination spectra. Graphs showing measured relative reflectance for different road conditions support the conclusion that measurements are independent of illumination. Principal component analysis of the acquired spectral data for road conditions shows well separated data clusters, demonstrating the system’s suitability for material classification.
Predictive Value of Body Composition Analysis for the Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Tumors
Authors: Yang Hai Mei , Wang Yi Zhuo , Liu Xiang Liang , Ji Wei , Zheng Kai Wen , Li Wei , Cui Jiu Wei
Published: May 2021

Objective

There is strong evidence that the body composition can affect the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with a variety of cancers. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of body composition on the prognosis of patients with advanced gastrointestinal and colorectal cancers who received first-line palliative chemotherapy.

Methods

Patients who were newly-diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal or colorectal cancer and received standard first-line palliative chemotherapy from January 2017 to December 2018 were included in this retrospective study. An analysis of computed tomography images was performed to determine the skeletal muscle index (SMI), which reflects the skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle density (SMD) related to muscle strength. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used to compare the survival relationships among groups stratified by the SMI, and a Cox proportional hazard model was used for a multivariate analysis.

Results

A total of 108 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 41 cases of gastric cancer, 46 cases of left colorectal cancer, and 21 cases of right colon cancer. In patients with gastric cancer, the OS of women was significantly shorter than that of men. The OS of patients with a low SMI, low SMD, and low phase angle (PA) was significantly shorter than that of patients with high values (P ≤ 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, the SMD was significantly associated with the patients’ long-term survival [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.904, 95% CI: 0.840∼0.974, P = 0.008]. For patients with a low SMI and PA, the PFS was significantly shorter than that of patients with high values (P ≤ 0.05). In patients with left colon cancer, the PA and SMD were both independent risk factors for a poorer long-term prognosis (HR = 0.375, 95% CI: = 0.167∼0.840, P = 0.017; HR = 0.887, 95% CI: 0.824∼0.954, P = 0.001). Among right colon cancer patients, the PFS and OS of those with a low SMD were significantly lower than those for patients with high values (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion

The PA is an independent risk factor for the OS of left colon cancer patients; the SMD is an independent risk factor for the survival of patients with gastric cancer, left colon cancer, and right colon cancer.
Meningkatkan Kompetensi Sistem Informasi di Era Digital Pada Pondok Pesantren Yatim Al-Hanif Ciputat, Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Mia Monica Anastasia , Setiawan Muhammad Soni , Anindita Cintya
Published: May 2021

Sistem informasi merupakan kumpulan informasi yang dapat diakses melalui internet danpenggunaannya pun tidaklah sulit. Dalam sehari-hari sistem informasi digunakan sebagaialat untuk memudahkan kita mempelajari atau membeli sesuatu. Seperti, e-learning danplatform penjualan online. Bahkan sistem informasi memudahkan kita untukberkomunikasi dengan mudah secara global. Tapi baik dan buruknya sistem informasi itutergantung bagaimana cara kita menyikapinya. Tujuan dari kami adalah untukmemberikan nasihat kepada para santriwati Pondok Pesantren Yatim Al-Hanif sehinggamereka mendapatkan ide-ide dan menjadi pribadi yang berguna untuk masa depan.Kegiatan pelaksanaan dilakukan pada hari Kamis tanggal 18 Maret 2021 dari jam 09.00hingga pukul 11.00. Setelah diberikan materi , para santriwati akan diberikan pertanyaansupaya mereka lebih memahami tentang sistem informasi. Kesimpulan dari kegiatanpengabdian masyarakat ini untuk adanya perubahan pandangan dari para santriwatitentang cara mengaplikasikan sistem informasi yang baik dan benar.
Program Pelatihan “Hidroponik” Di Kelurahan Paku Jaya kepada Kelompok Ibu-Ibu Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK)
Authors: Azwar Zahara , Ramadhani Nina , Dwi Novita
Published: May 2021

Berdasarkan analisis  situasi diketahui  bahwa sebagian  besar  ibu-ibu PKK warga Paku Jaya, Tangerang Selatan berprofesi  sebagai  ibu  rumah  tangga,  sehingga mempunyai  waktu  yang cukup banyak untuk melakukan kegiatan yang mampu menambah penghasilan. Tujuan dari program ini  adalah  untuk  memberdayakan  ibu  rumah  tangga memberi  pelatihan bercocok tanam dengan sistem hidroponik. Konsep “Hidroponik” merupakan budidaya menanam dengan  memanfaatkan  air/larutan  mineral  bernutrisi  tanpa  menggunakan  tanah  dengan  menekankan pada pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi. Sistem bertanam “Hidroponik” merupakan konsep bertanam yang cocok  untuk  daerah  perkotaan  dan  lahan  terbatas.  Luaran  jangka  panjang  yang  diharapkan  dari pengabdian  ini  adalah  meningkatkan  penghasilan  dan  peningkatan kesejahteraan.  Guna  mencapai target  luaran  yang  telah  direncanakan,  kegiatan  pengabdian  dilakukan  dengan  tahapan  sebagai berikut: (1) pemaparan materi “Hidroponik”; (2) Pelatihan kepada masyarakat dan Praktik Pembuatan “Hidroponik” dan  (3)  Pendampingan  selama dua bulan  atau praktik  berkebun  dengan sistem Hidroponik” serta  (4)  Evaluasi  kegiatan. Hasil  dari  pengabdian  ini  adalah  terbentuknya  kebun hidroponik  yang  ditempatkan  di Kantor  Balai  Desa  Paku Jaya dikelola  bersama antara  Kelompok Ibu-ibu  PKK  sangat  respon  dan  antusias  serta  akan  mengembangkannya  di rumah masing-masing.
Analisis Kekritisan Lahan Pada Fungsi Kawasan Konservasi DAS Citarum Dengan Software Arcgis
Authors: Kristiano Dwi Hendra , Noertjahyani Noertjahyani , Sufiadi Endang
Published: May 2021

Penelitian dilakukan pada Kawasan Konservasi di wilayah DAS Citarum salah satu DAS prioritas di Indonesia dan merupakan sungai terbesar dan terpanjang di Jawa Barat. Limabelas Kawasan konservasi yang merupakan hulu dari DAS citarum berperan penting sebagai penyangga kehidupan dan pengaruh tata air daerah dibawahnya.Analisis Kekritisan Lahan pada Fungsi Kawasan Konservasi DAS Citarum dengan Software ArcGIS dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui berapa luas tingkat kekritisan lahan dan faktor-faktor apa yang menentukan tiap tingkat kekritisan lahan pada kawasan koservasi di wilayah DAS Citarum.Dalam menentukan tingkat keritisan lahan pada kawasan konservasi di DAS Citarum, menggunakan Software ArcGIS yang merujuk kepada Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Reboisasi dan Rehabilitasi Lahan Nomor. 41/Kpts/V/1998 jo. Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Rehabilitasi Lahan dan Perhutanan Sosial Nomor. SK.167/V-SET/2004, variabelnya meliputi ; tutupan lahan, kemiringan lereng, kepekaan erosi dan manajemen pengelolaan.Hasil analisis lokasi penelitian fungsi kawasan konservasi seluas 15.595,70 Ha, didominasi oleh kelas Agak Kritis seluas 8.999,58 Ha dan Potensial Kritis seluas 6.318,91 Ha dengan kontribusi sebesar 98,23% menyebar hampir pada setiap kawasan konservasi. Sedangkan kelas Kritis seluas 249,43 Ha (1,60%), kelas Sangat Kritis seluas 27,15 Ha (0,17%) dan tidak terdapat kelas Tidak Kritis.Berdasarkan analisis korelasi dengan menggunakan software IBM SPSS Statistics 23, faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap setiap tingkat kekritisan lahan pada kawasan koservasi di wilayah DAS Citarum yaitu tutupan lahan yang menunjukan hubungan positif (signifikan). Nilai korelasi pada kelas sangat kritis sebesar 0,781 (R2=61,00%), kelas kritis sebesar 0,302 (R2=9,12%), kelas agak kritis sebesar 0,523 (R2=27,35%) dan pada kelas potensial kritis sebesar 0,367 (R2=13,47%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada kawasan konservasi di DAS Citarum variabel tutupan lahan merupakan faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi terhadap tingkat kekritisan lahan.Pengelolaan kawasan konservasi dapat difokuskan terhadap upaya perlindungan dan pengawetan kawasan yang merupakan dua dari tiga pilar konservasi, sehingga dapat menurunkan tingkat kekritisan lahan pada kawasan konservasi tersebut.
Pengaruh Populasi Ikan Lele Dan Jenis Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Bayam (Amaranthus Sp.) Pada Sistem Akuaponik
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Mulyana Hudaya , Sugiarti Lia
Published: May 2021

This study aims to study the interaction between catfish populations and the type of growing media on the growth and yield of spinach (Amaranthus sp.) Cultivated by the aquaponics system. This research was conducted using an experimental method (experiment), from July to August 2020 in the experimental area of the PUSKOPAD complex, Tanjungsari District, Sumedang Regency. at an altitude of 850 m above sea level. The experimental design used was the Split Plot Design with the basic design of the RAK. Which consists of 2 factors with 2 repetitions. The first factor or mainplot is the catfish population (i) which consists of 4 levels, namely: (i1) = 0 tails, (i2) = 10 tails, (i3) = 20 tails, (i4) = 30 tails. The second factor or subplot is the type of planting medium (m) which consists of 4 types, namely: (m1) = Rockwool, (m2) = Oyster mushroom waste, (m3) = husk charcoal, (m4) = Pumice stone. Based on the results of experiments regarding the influence of catfish populations and the type of growing media on the growth and yield of spinach grown in the aquaponic system. That there was an interaction between the treatment of catfish populations and the type of planting medium on the parameters of the observation of plant height at 20 days after planting (DAS) and 30 DAS and leaf number at 10 DAS and 35 DAS. The use of pumice growing media is best used for the cultivation of spinach in an aquaponic system and a population of 20 catfish is sufficient to provide the nutrient needs needed by spinach plants.
Formación normalista que limita o desarrolla el desempeño universitario en estudios de postgrado
Authors: Salinas-Aguirre María del Consuelo , Hernández-Cueto Jaquelina Lizet , Yáñez-Flores Sara Margarita , Emiliano-Castillo Carlos Daniel
Published: May 2021

Quantitative non-experimental research studies of basic teachers training and its pedagogical relevance to develop or limit the updating of learning towards the professionalization of postgraduate teachers. The academic sufficiency of students of basic teachers to access higher studies has been discussed. The research proposes of these students teaching practice as learning to continue higher professional development. The research has vertical transactional data collection applied to the random sample of 47 students of basic teachers from a population of 224 master's students. The descriptive analysis is carried out in six signal variables, three axes: systems of teacher training discipline, school achievement in normal school and efficiency in master's studies, inserted are five complex variables. The analysis is descriptive correlational (Pearson) and multivariate factorial. The results show the achievement of the objectives of teaching experiences in professional practice and the relationship with productive learning. Attributes of basic teachers’ students support learning based on teaching experience are being fair, consistent, and productive, with a positive attitude, respectful, goal-oriented, proposing alternative solutions to real problems in teaching. The research provides information for the integration of public educational policies that impacts the training and updating of the impacts the training and updating of the teaching profession, attending to educational problems for the teaching development towards postgraduate degrees. The assertive students of basic teachers training with practices and professional teaching is constituted in formative learning for development in higher education The intentional educational training and teaching develop in students of basic teacher skills such as: self-awareness, self-esteem, conscience, moral judgment, empathy, social perspective, self-regulation and formation of values.
Experience on the use of activities for personal development and hard sciences in higher education students
Authors: Hernández-Tinoco Araceli , Morán-Salas María Cristina
Published: May 2021

Objective: To carry out activities called "awakening" in which students are intended to make students aware of their thoughts and their emotions derived from them to make decisions more assertively and not only by imitation or by mere automation. Methodology: They were provided with life reflections in the first 15 days of class for no more than 15 minutes at a time and later, a WhatsApp group was formed with volunteer students, in which they received small reflections and a daily exercise, for 21 days to realize their thoughts and control them for the benefit of their peace and tranquility. Contribution: As a result, more than 70% of both groups considered these activities to be beneficial and useful for their lives. Subsequently, more than 50% of both groups continued in mental diet activity receiving messages and a small exercise, daily for 21 days. In the classroom, there was better at-the-way behavior between them and the teacher during class development compared to previous semesters where this activity was not present.
Copyright Protection towards the Society 5.0
Authors: Mashdurohatun Anis , Susilo Adhi Budi , Bawono Bambang Tri
Published: May 2021

Technology business competition leads to the order of social life to solve challenges through a combination of innovations from various elements found in the industrial revolution 4.0 towards Society 5.0. One form of Intellectual Property Rights is Copyright, which has the widest scope of protected objects since it includes science, art, literature, and computer programs where artificial intelligence will transform millions of data collected via the internet into increasingly complex wisdom to consider a technology that can bring benefits but is also a "threat and challenge" towards the gate of Society 5.0. This research aims to determine the protection of copyright law towards the gate of society 5.0. The research method used is normative juridical. Literary law research is legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary data based on the principles, theories, doctrines, prevailing laws, and regulations. The study results found that the Copyright Law has not accommodated Society 5.0, especially economic rights for its creators. Article 6 is only to protect moral rights through Copyright management information and electronic information on Copyright. There is a need for the state's role, which functions as a regulator, provider, and counterweight, to adjust the rules to follow technological developments towards the gate of society 5.0, which does not mean changing all current legal products but is adaptive to existing legal instruments as legal protection measures to face a new chapter of intellectual property rights.
Identification of Consumer’s Preference towards Store Image: Using Analytical Hierarchical Process Technique
Authors: Shamshir Musarrat , Nasim Shahzad , Siddiqi Zaibunnisa , Raza Muhammad , Ahmed Muhammad Sameer
Published: May 2021

This study aims to identify consumer preferences for store image using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Analytic Hierarchy Process is a Multiple Attribute Decision-Making technique used to observe, rank, and select a set of options under contradictory characteristics. Consumer preference refers to the individual's behavior when purchasing, consuming, or disposing of any specific product or service. Multiple factors can affect these behaviors. The store's attractive features are the factor affecting store image, dimension, and sub-dimension of store image. Data were collected from 29 experts. Experts are selected based on their experience of shopping in a shopping mall in Pakistan and industry. A bipolar questionnaire was used to collect data. This study explored the main dimensions of store image: convenience, price, quality, atmosphere, and safety. Further, the study's findings indicate that these dimensions of store image are important for marketers, which provides awareness regarding the psychological elements of customers that influence their perception of store image and helps the marketer recognize and forecast the customer's demand.
Investigation of the Role of Organizational Climate in Enhancing Quality Management Practices of Higher Education
Authors: Aboudahr Shorouk Mohamed Farag Mohamed , Mohamad Mua’azam
Published: May 2021

This study attempts to find the organisational climate's role in enhancing quality management practices in Egypt higher education. Data collected with surveys consist of three sections ( Demographic, Organisational climate, and Quality Management Practices) adapted from prior study to be appropriate with higher education. Across the faculty of Sadat university, 252 lecturers completed surveys to examine relationships among variables within the instruments and explore possible differences by demographic variables. Smart PLS was used to analyze the data. While SPSS 26 was used to identify the Profile of respondents and identify lecturers' perception. The study results revealed that all the predicting variables have a significant positive relationship with quality management practices. Results also suggested that the need to pay attention to the university's organisational climate is important to improving quality management practices. The study also recommended that the need to raise awareness among those in charge of the educational process of applying the practice of quality management in universities and its benefits to the educational process.
EFFECTIVENESS OF BALANCE EXERCISES TO IMPROVE BALANCE IN YOUNG OBESE ADULTS -A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
Authors: Rajgor Sweta M. , Solanki Vidhya
Published: May 2021

Background: Obesity modies the body geometry by adding mass to different regions and it inuences the biomechanics of body. Weight
inuences postural stability, hence lead to balance impairments.
AIM:To nd out the effect of balance exercises on obese young adults.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectiveness of balance exercises of the experimental group with the control group.
METHOD: On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 participants were selected.They were treatedwith Balance exercises for 5
days/week for 6 weeks, after that re-assessment was taken with Single Leg Stance Test and Y-Balance Test.
RESULTS:The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 26.Parametric test was used improvement was seen in group A.
CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that balance exercises was effective for young obese adults to improve static and dynamic balance.
ALLOGRAFT BONE APPLICATION IN THE RAT CALVARIAL BONE DEFECT MODEL: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Deveci Büşra , Dağ Ahmet , Asir Firat , Özkorkmaz Ebru Gökalp , Deveci Engin
Published: May 2021

Trauma, neoplasms, infections, and congenital anomalies may be the reason for the calvarial bone defects. For eliminating bone defects in the
cranial region to stimulate bone regeneration different graft types have been tried. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of allograft
application in the rat calvarial bone defect model. For this purpose, 14 Wistar male rats were determined; defect (n=7) and defect + graft (n=7)
groups. . The frontal bone was opened and a circular full thickness bone defect (5 mm) was created in the midline. Allograft material was placed in
the defect area. All animals were sacriced after 28 days and the calvarial bones were followed up for routine histologic preparations. Sections
were stained with H-E and scoring for histopathological parameters (inammation, brosis, osteoclast number, osteoblast number, osteocyte
number, matrix formation, new bone trabecular diameter). In our study, inammation, brosis and osteoclast numbers decreased in the defect +
graft group compared to the defect group, and osteocyte, osteoblast, matrix formation and bone trabecular diameter has increased signicantly.
Histopathological evaluation revealed scar tissue, increased mononuclear cell inltration, and necrosis in the defect group. In the defect + graft
group, an increase in collagen ber, a decrease in inammatory cells, an increase in osteoblast cells and bone matrix were observed. As a result,
allograft application has been found to support new bone formation in the calvarial defect model by creating an osteoinductive and osteoconductive
effect.
Daily waste
Authors: Barbero, S.
Published: May 2021

In the early 20th century, in the rural economy of Italy, the idea of wasting food was unheard of, and about 50% of income was spent providing food. Today food only involves 10% of average income, but we have forgot how to deal with what we eat. Consumerism, which also affects our behavior towards food, is a cultural attitude based on which people feel more or less realized solely on the basis of their purchasing possibilities. If we separate food from necessity, health, needs of everyone; we separate the production from the times of the seasons, from nature and from the possibilities that the land has to regenerate its resources; if we separate the act of eating from that of knowing what we eat; if all the phases of the production chain lose the connection between them, then the waste is not only inevitable, but even pursued because it is functional to the criterion of maximum profit. A lesser evil to the detriment of our planet, which leads us to a further waste: a waste of health. We therefore need a change of pace that concerns regulations, energy choices, basic culture, ecology education; we also need profound changes in the value scales, in individual and collective behavior. We must return to considering family, traditional and small-scale agriculture, with its integrated systems and its productive capacities commensurate with the needs of communities and natural resources, as a driving force on which to base the change towards a relationship with food that meets our needs without compromising those of other living beings, current and future. KEY WORDS food; waste; consumerism; environment; health.
The role of metformin in the light of the most recent Guidelines
Authors: Corigliano, G.
Published: May 2021

Metformin was introduced in the market about 60 years ago and is definitely the most used drug in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the moment. In fact, it has insulin-sensitizing properties, through which it provides not only doubtless glucose lowering effects but also some protection against ADRD and cancer and especially significant cardiovascular benefits. We hereby briefly review the literature behind the above mentioned extra-glycemic effects and, based on expected additional benefits, suggest to refrain from delaying metformin utilization in addition to first class drugs like inhibitors of type 2 sodiumglucose cotransport (SGLT-2i) and /or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) in people at high cardiovascular risk with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. KEY WORDS metformin; diabetes mellitus; cardiovascular disease; ADRD; cancer
Real World Evidence: welcome to reality!
Authors: Pintaudi, B.
Published: May 2021

Real World Data (RWD) constitute a set of information sources on which the very current line of research of Real World Evidence (RWE) is based. RWE studies are based on data from observational studies, administrative databases, population or disease registers, insurance registers, electronic medical records, population health surveys and, more recently, social media and data from mobile devices and apps. While Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) answer the question “Can it work?” “Is it safe?” RWDs are more interested in answering the question “Does it work?”. We therefore move from a question of “efficacy / safety” to one of “effectiveness”. RWE studies allow to evaluate the safety of a treatment in a longer period than that of the RCTs, verify its quality and cost effectiveness, allow us to trace the natural history of a disease conditioned or not by a treatment, give us relevant information on compliance and on adherence to treatments and allow us to identify service models and patient preferences. Given the exciting perspective that the “real” vision of things outlines, AMD has decided to keep up with the times by forming a Group of work on “Real World Evidence”. The activities that the RWE Working Group is already promoting and carrying out are: 1) support for the publication of clinical cases; 2) support for the drafting of research protocols; 3) analysis of the Annals database. Addressing Real World Evidence in the widest possible way by collaborating with interested AMD Members, aligning with the need to give a concrete face to things, represents the vision of this Group. “Welcome to reality”! KEY WORD Real World Data, Real World Evidence, effectiveness.
On line ‘Diabetes and Smoking’ Survey: results and com¬ments
Authors: Del Prete, A.
Published: May 2021

Cigarette smoking increases the risk of micro and macrovascular complications among subjects with diabetes. Smoking is also associated with both beta-cell function deterioration and insulin resistance. In the modern approach to the management of the global cardiovascular risk of the diabetic patient, cigarette smoking needs the same attention as other major factors (glycaemia, blood pressure and cholesterol). The prevalence of smokers, according to the AMD 2020 Annals, is 16,9% among type 2 diabetic patients and 25,9% among type 1 diabetic patients. These rather high percentages, in line with the overall population data, suggest the need of a greater and more effective engagement by diabetes team to discouraging smoking. The ‘Diabetes and Smoking’ Survey was designed by the ‘Diabetes and Addictions’ AMD-SID Lazio Working Group in order to analyze the perception that diabetologists have of smoking, to explore their specific knowledge of the smoking treatment, to highlight the interventions adopted to discourage smoking and to identify critical issues in clinical practice. The Survey has shown, first of all, the need to sensitize diabetologists to the topic of smoking: not everyone believes that smoking is addictive and not everyone adequately investigates it in anamnesis and includes it in medical records. The Survey also identified specific knowledge required on treatments for cigarette smoking addiction: diabetologists know little about drugs for smoking treatment, have false beliefs about new devices for smoking (electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco) and are little or not in contact with Anti-Smoking Centers. Currently, the intervention strategy preferred by diabetologists is to inform patients about smoking related damage, an approach of proven low efficacy (knowledge is not enough to change behaviors). Psychologists are rarely part of the diabetes Team, but even when this happens, they are not involved in the smoking addiction treatment. Finally, the Survey highlighted that the main obstacle perceived by diabetologists in the fight against smoking is the lack of a structured care process. The objective of the ‘Diabetes and Addictions’ Working Group is filling the gap between overall diabetes care (control and improvement of any micro and macrovascular risk factor) and smoking addiction treatment. KEY WORDS addiction; cessation; minimal advice; antismoking centers; structured care process.