bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnóstico participativo y prácticas pre-profesionales en comunidades de El Crucero, Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Benavides González Álvaro , Duarte-Canales Henry Alberto , Morán Centeno Juan Carlos
Published: June 2020

El programa para el Desarrollo Participativo Integral Rural (DEPARTIR) trabajó con familias, estudiantes y docentes investigadores de la Universidad Nacional Agraria (UNA), Universidad Agropecuaria de Viena (BOKU) y la Casa de los Tres Mundos de Granada (CTM) en comunidades rurales de Nicaragua con el apoyo del Programa Austriaco de Educación Superior e Investigación (APPEAR), así como la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO). Durante el período 2006-2015 el programa tuvo intervención en 17 comunidades, desarrollado siete ediciones de diagnósticos y priorizadas propuestas en conjunto con las familias. El objetivo de este estudio fue comunicar la apreciación y valoración del curso teórico-práctico desarrollado por DEPARTIR a estudiantes y analizar información básica recopilada por estudiantes en cinco comunidades rurales de El Crucero, Managua. Fueron aplicadas encuestas en la unidad familiar de producción (UFP) para conocer las condiciones socieconómicas con la participación activa de estudiantes y familias rurales e intervención de la UNA. Los estudiantes realizaron prácticas pre-profesionales en comunidades rurales interactuaron con las familias, redactaron informes sobre la situación actual, los cuales fueron evaluados a través de escala Likert y estadístico de Cronbach (análisis de evaluación del curso por estudiantes e informes redactados por estudiantes). Posterior a esto, fueron muestreadas encuestas con información de las comunidades rurales de El Callao, Las Pilas 1, Las Pilas 2, Santa Julia y Daniel Téller (municipio de El Crucero, Managua), y relacionadas mediante herramientas estadísticas univariadas y multivariadas.La descripción de pirámide poblacional, nivel de analfabetismo e índice de calidad de vida de la vivienda caracterizó a estos municipios. Las variables más representativas fueron: área de UFP (X1), personas en el hogar (X2), sexo (X3), edad (X4), tenencia de la tierra (X5), organización (X6), religión (X7), meses de acceso a la carretera (X8) e índice calidad de vida de la vivienda (X9). Este diagnóstico participativo realizado por un grupo interdisciplinario desarrolló competencias en los estudiantes, despertó la cognición al indagar el contexto de las familias rurales; además, esta experiencia fue acreditada como Práctica Pre-profesional en el Plan de Estudios por objetivos. La experiencia e información obtenida a partir de los diagnósticos realizados por DEPARTIR, puede ser retomada y utilizada en la docencia, investigación y extensión para la conformación de proyectos de desarrollo comunitario de carácter interdisciplinario en comunidades rurales de Nicaragua. La población comunitaria es joven, con bajos niveles de analfabetismo, pero con índice de calidad de vida en vivienda moderada. pirámide poblacional es progresiva, Asimismo, la relación de las comunidades estuvo discriminada en un 77% por las variables X3, X7, X8 y X9.
Effects of in utero heat stress on subsequent reproduction performance of first-calf Holstein heifers
Authors: Chavez María I. , García José E. , Véliz Francisco G. , Gaytán Leticia R. , De Santiago Ángeles , Mellado Miguel
Published: June 2020

Aim of study: To determine the reproductive performance of heifers gestated under maternal conditions of heat stress in late gestation.Area of study: Northern Mexico (25° 32’ N, 103° 23’ W).Material and methods: The study included reproductive records of 4976 first-calf Holstein heifers in a hot environment.Main results: Heifers born to cows experiencing no heat stress three months before parturition but with a THI >83 at calving were older (p<0.05) at first calving (743 ± 67 vs. 729 ± 55 days) than heifers gestated under maternal conditions of heat stress. A two-fold increase (p<0.01) in pregnancy rate occurred in heifers gestated under maternal conditions of no heat stress during two or three months before pregnancy and no heat stress at parturition, compared with heifers gestated under maternal conditions of no heat stress. Overall, across in utero heat stress one, two or three months before calving, pregnancy rate to all services was higher (p<0.05) for first-calf heifers gestated under maternal conditions of no heat stress during delivery, compared with heifers gestated under maternal conditions of heat stress (66.7 vs. 51.1%). Median days for getting pregnant was higher (140 d) for heifers whose dams were exposed to THI >83 at calving than heifers whose mothers were exposed to <76 or 76-83 (117 and 114 d) at calving.Research highlights: These data suggest that in utero heat stress during the last three months of gestation negatively affects the reproductive performance of first-calf Holstein heifers.
Delayed Spontaneous Thrombosis of Neglected Direct Carotid-Cavernous Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Tiwari Sarbesh , Garg Pawan Kumar , Khera Pushpinder Singh , K.B Santosh Babu , Yadav Taruna , Sureka Binit
Published: June 2020

Direct carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) refers to direct communication between the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the cavernous sinus due to rent in the ICA, most commonly secondary to trauma. These are generally high-flow fistula and rarely resolve spontaneously. We report a case of a young male who developed features of direct CCF after trauma, was denied any treatment for 4 years, and then presented with spontaneous thrombosis of the fistula and a residual large pseudoaneurysm of the cavernous segment of the right ICA, which was subsequently managed with parent vessel occlusion.
Investigation of Physical Education and Sports Students’ Attitudes Towards E-Learning
Authors: Öktem Tuncay
Published: June 2020

The present study aimed to investigate the attitudes of university students who have received sports education towards E-learning. Quantitative research model was applied in the research. The population of the study consisted of 315 students who were selected via random sampling method, at Bayburt University School of Physical Education and Sports. The e-learning attitude scale which was developed by Wilkinson, Roberts and While (2010) and adapted to Turkish by Haznedar and Baran (2012) was used in the study. The data were analyzed through SPSS 22 package program. For descriptive data analysis; ANOVA and Independent Sample T test were applied. The result of the one-way analysis of variance showed that the Physical Education Teaching and Sports Management departments had higher scores than the Coaching Department. In this context, according to the results obtained from the research, it can be said that Coaching Department had lower score than the other two departments because of the fact that there were more courses requiring technical skills compared to the Physical Education Teaching and Sports Management departments.
The Influence of Wood Modification on Transfer Function of a Violin Bridge
Authors: Merhar Miran , Humar Miha
Published: June 2020

The violin bridge is an important component of a violin since it transmits the excitation forces from the string to the violin body. Depending on its structure, at a certain frequency spectrum, the bridge acts as a damper or amplifier of excitation forces, which depends on its transfer function. In the study, transfer functions in the range from 400 Hz to 7000 Hz in vertical directions of 3 bridges were measured. The bridges were made from maple wood and supplied by different manufacturers. The bridges were then thermally modified, and the transfer functions were measured again. To determine the influence of thermal modification on material properties, a sample of maple wood was also modified together with the bridges, and the modulus of elasticity and shear modulus before and after the modification were measured. Using Ansys software, a bridge was modelled by the finite element method, by which natural frequencies and transfer functions before and after the modification were calculated. It can be confirmed from the research that wood modification influences the bridge transfer function and that the finite element method can be used to determine the dynamic properties of the bridge by knowing the wood material properties and, therefore, to predetermine the transfer function of the violin bridge before its production.
Revenue Management e Yield Management: precificação diferencial no turismo e desafios da percepção de justiça
Authors: Santos Flavio Andrew do Nascimento , Nunes Marcelo De Oliveira , Mayer Verônica Feder
Published: June 2020

Objetivo do estudo: O objetivo do presente trabalho é traçar um histórico e um panorama dos métodos de precificação diferencial usados em negócios do turismo, refletindo sobre a percepção de injustiça desses métodos por parte dos consumidores.Metodologia/abordagem: Levantamento sistemático da literatura sobre precificação diferencial no turismo e percepção de justiça em preços.Originalidade/Relevância: Apesar da relevância e atualidade dos preços diferenciais e percepção de justiça no turismo e na economia comportamental, poucas pesquisas se dedicaram a estudar o assunto do ponto de vista do consumidor em comparação com a grande quantidade de pesquisas em estratégia de preços com base na abordagem gerencial, sobretudo no Brasil.Principais resultados: Os resultados do levantamento bibliográfico indicam existir uma possível tensão entre os argumentos econômicos das empresas para adoção de métodos de precificação diferenciais - como Yield Management e Revenue Management - e as reações potenciais dos consumidores a tais preços, o que torna a percepção de justiça um tema bastante relevante a ser considerado em pesquisas e nas práticas do setor.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: O levantamento sistemático da precificação diferencial no turismo contribui para um panorama atual sobre o tema, assim como para identificação de gaps e possibilidades para pesquisas futuras.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: É recomendado que gerentes do turismo estejam atentos e incluam em seus metodos de precificação a visão do turista tanto para o preço final, quanto para os procedimentos e as políticas de se chegar a esse preço, visto que nem sempre os métodos e preços diferenciais podem ser considerados justos.
The impacts of the Brazilian Formula 1 Grand Prix in the city of São Paulo
Authors: Varotti Felipe De Pilla , Nassif Vânia Maria Jorge , Souza Doralice Lange de
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Explorar quais foram os impactos gerados pelo GP Brasil de Fórmula 1 para a cidade de São Paulo no período de 2015 a 2019.Metodologia/abordagem: Qualitativa e exploratória. Analisamos documentos como relatórios publicados pela Prefeitura de São Paulo e pela empresa promotora do evento, bem como informações divulgadas em veículos de comunicação. Também conduzimos entrevistas com os seguintes interlocutores: a vice-prefeita da cidade de São Paulo na época e o diretor da empresa municipal responsável pela gestão do Autódromo de Interlagos, a CEO da empresa promotora e organizadora do evento no Brasil, um jornalista esportivo e um morador do bairro de Interlagos, região onde se localiza o Autódromo.Originalidade/Relevância: Os Grande Prêmios de Fórmula 1 são utilizados por governantes como instrumentos de desenvolvimento e de promoção da imagem de suas sedes em nível internacional. Entretanto, ainda são incipientes os estudos acadêmicos sobre os impactos deste tipo de megaevento para suas cidades sedes.Principais resultados: O GP Brasil gerou os seguintes impactos para a cidade: econômicos (recursos públicos investidos, geração de empregos temporários, melhora na venda de alguns serviços como hospedagem e alimentação e oportunidades para negócios entre empresas), físicos (modificações na estrutura de trânsito e manutenção de vias de acesso ao Autódromo) e socioculturais (sensação de orgulho dos moradores e aumento de insegurança na região do Autódromo).Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Os resultados desta pesquisa sugerem que a realização de megaeventos pode ter impactos positivos quando ocorrem na mesma cidade ao longo dos anos, pois geram a possibilidade de reutilizar recursos pré-existentes e desenvolver conhecimentos e habilidades por parte de governantes e seus organizadores.
Marketing de relacionamento na gestão do futebol: identificação e comparação das ações em quatro clubes brasileiros
Authors: Viana Meneses Neto Ebio , De Fátima Hoelzle Martins Andréia
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: O objetivo geral pretendido nesse estudo foi identificar se há uso de instrumentos e estratégias do marketing de relacionamento na gestão dos quatro maiores clubes brasileiros em número de torcedor e comparar as ações entre esses.Método: É uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva em que, para atingir os objetivos, utilizou-se de dados secundários como documentos e informações disponíveis nos sites oficiais dos clubes. A partir disso, os dados foram interpretados tentando identificar ações de marketing de relacionamento e sua classificação conforme a literatura.Originalidade/Relevância: O novo contexto de investimentos no esporte exige maior profissionalização, transparência e racionalização da gestão da área. Assim, estudar as áreas funcionais da administração concatenando com o fato esportivo é de suma importância para práticas mais eficientes e eficazes de gestão, daí a relevância do presente artigo.Resultados: Dentre os resultados encontrados, destaca-se o programa de sócio torcedor como estratégia de marketing de relacionamento utilizado pelos clubes estudados. Além disso, o modelo de relacionamento contratual foi o mais utilizado pelos clubes.Contribuições Teóricas/Metodológicas: O conteúdo deste trabalho fornece subsídio para entendimento científico sobre o comportamento do consumidor esportivo e principalmente sobre o processo gerencial dos clubes relacionados ao marketing esportivo e de relacionamento, auxiliando no desenvolvimento de novos trabalhos nesta área.Contribuições Sociais: O esporte traz consigo aspectos intangíveis, ou seja, o momento esportivo é considerado único e de difícil precificação. Desta forma, o futebol transforma de maneira única a sociedade e este trabalho auxilia no entendimento do torcedor (ente social esportivo) como objetivo central das ações dos clubes.
Latent tuberculosis infection and the EndTB Strategy: ethical tensions and imperatives
Authors: Denholm J. T. , Millan-Marcelo J. C. , Fiekert K.
Published: June 2020

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is increasingly recognised as central to programmatic TB activity, and a critical element in global progress towards TB elimination. LTBI affects a much larger group of people than active disease, who by definition are asymptomatic. Furthermore,
while LTBI represents a state of risk, there remains significant uncertainty regarding which individuals will progress to active disease. Therefore, the development and implementation of LTBI management policies within the End TB Strategy requires careful ethical consideration. This article
reviews ethical issues related to developments in LTBI diagnosis and management, including new tools and emerging policies and practice. Implications of LTBI management practices in specific settings are discussed, including healthcare worker infection and management of likely multidrug-resistant
(MDR) LTBI. Better prediction of progression to active disease and less burdensome treatments would allow ethically appropriate expansion of testing programmes in future. However, even with existing tools there is a strong ethical imperative to provide the most effective and least burdensome
therapy possible to those with LTBI, particularly those at highest risk of progression and/or poor outcomes from active disease. Greater community engagement is required in designing optimal LTBI management programmes, and ensure harms and benefits are appropriately balanced in specific settings.
Ethical issues surrounding childhood tuberculosis
Authors: Hummel P. , Ahamed N. , Amanullah F.
Published: June 2020

Each year, at least one million children become ill with tuberculosis (TB) and more than 253 000 died of TB in 2016. The ethical issues surrounding childhood TB remain underexplored, and established or proposed management strategies are scarce. In this paper, we identify ethical
challenges that are raised by childhood TB. Some of them are familiar from TB in other populations but arise with increased severity in children. We discuss interconnected and mutually reinforcing difficulties clustered around the topics of susceptibility, diagnosis, reporting, service provision,
treatment, psychological and social support, and research and development (R&D) neglect. We formulate suggestions on how to address these ethical issues. For developing sound research agendas and policies based on the WHO End TB Strategy, it is essential that diagnosis and reporting improve.
There is a duty to care for and provide available interventions to children with TB even if they are not a major source of transmission, and therefore no major impact on public health is expected. Treatment should be accompanied by counselling, health education, psychological and material
support to TB-affected children and their families. Children need to be included equitably and more systematically into the TB research agenda.
The ethical imperative to relieve suffering for people with tuberculosis by ensuring access to palliative care
Authors: Harding R. , Snyman L. , Ostgathe C. , Odell S. , Gwyther L.
Published: June 2020

Patients diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) continue to experience clinical uncertainty and high mortality and to bear a high burden of symptoms and other concerns. Additional concerns may be family support needs and stigma, particularly the latter, as TB and human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) coinfection are common. Human rights covenants, global health policy and the End TB Strategy all recommend palliative care as an essential component of care services. As established in the resolution adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA) on “Strengthening of palliative care
as a component of comprehensive care throughout the life course”, there is a “need for palliative care across disease groups (non-communicable diseases, and infectious diseases, including HIV and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis), and across all age groups”. We address the
ethical imperative to respect the dignity and fundamental rights of people with TB by providing palliative care. We review the evidence for the need for person-centred palliative care and highlight novel models that utilise the skills and training functions of specialist palliative care to
achieve better care. We outline simple recommendations for the delivery of specialist and generalist palliative care, offer suggestions on how to ensure optimal coverage by enabling access to appropriate good-quality palliative care at all points of the health system, including alongside treatment.
Finally, we set out the current priorities for research and policy to ensure that quality care is delivered to all who need it irrespective of treatment outcome, to minimise distress and to optimise engagement in treatment and care.
Popularization of music culture through extracurricular activity of Polish schools in Zaolzie in 2019 – from the Zaolzie press research
Authors: Micherda Magdalena
Published: June 2020

Music culture is truly close to the residents of Zaolzie. Upon the displacement of the border and hence pushing a large group of Polish people out of their own state’s territory, it became a significant determinant of their own, Polish national identity. In this culture-favorable conditions, a didactic-educational activity is carried out by 25 primary schools with Polish as the language of instruction, including 10 nine-grade schools and 15 five-grade schools. Additionally, in the Czech Cieszyn there is the only – in the region – four-grade Gimnazjum (equivalent to a Polish high school) with Polish as the Language of Instruction. These schools pursue an intense activity, aimed, among other things, to popularize culture and enable pupils to get involved in culture. The article presents results of the diagnostic research and shows selected aspects of music culture popularization through extracurricular activity of Polish schools in Zaolzie in 2019. These institutions pursued then, like in previous years, an exemplary popularizing activity among their pupils. Thanks to the press from Zaolzie, we can receive the current news on a thriving musical activity undertaken by Polish schools. This activity may be already defined as regular, since it occurs on a regular basis, depending on the circumstances: annually or every other year. In the development of their musical activity, particularly the vocal one, Polish schools are supported by the ‘Ars Musica’ Polish Art Society and the Pedagogical Center for the Polish National Education System.
Narcissism in musicians. The level of narcissism in students of the Instrumental Faculty and the Faculty of Vocal and Acting Performance of the Academy of Music in Łódź
Authors: Lubecka-Stawowska Paulina
Published: June 2020

An artist is a person who adds color to reality and changes it through their activity. They want their works of art to be noticed and admired. Narcissistic personality qualities occurring in musicians can not only contribute to the development of musical skills but also facilitate the development of a musical career. Narcissistic features are more frequently attributed to the Vocal Faculty students than to those from the Instrumental Faculty. The key issue of the research described in the article was a search for differences in the intensity and structure of narcissism in musicians of the two aforementioned specializations. The aim was to examine intensity of this particular personality trait in the surveyed musicians and to study importance of narcissism for planning and developing an artistic career.
The research procedure involved completing the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) questionnaire by Raskin and Hall, in the Polish adaptation by Bazińska and Drat-Ruszczak, and the Hope for Success Questionnaire by Snyder, edited by Łaguna, Trzebiński and Zięba. The research subjects comprised regular students of 1st-cycle and 2nd-cycle study programs. In total, the research covered 121 people studying at the Academy of Music in Łódź. The origins of the phenomenon of narcissism was described as well as the development of the concept till contemporary times and hope for success were examined in the surveyed students of various specializations. Correlations between narcissism and the above-mentioned variables were explored and positive aspects of the phenomenon occurring in the group of musicians were enumerated.
Sprawozdanie z VI Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Naukowej z cyklu „Konteksty kształcenia muzycznego”
Authors: Mirosław Grusiewicz Mirosław
Published: June 2020

VI Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa z cyklu „Konteksty kształcenia muzycznego”
Competences in Polish sign language and the ability to understand read text in G students / deaf students
Authors: Kotowicz Justyna
Published: June 2020

Research to date indicates a relationship between reading skills and sign language competences in G people / deaf people. These data, however, only apply to sign languages that have undergone extensive scientific analysis (e.g. American Sign Language). Currently, there are no scientific reports in Poland regarding competences in sign language and in reading in G students / deaf students. For this reason, the present study analyses the relationship between Polish Sign Language (PSL) and understanding of the text read in written Polish. The study involved 52 G students / deaf students with prelingual hearing loss in severe or profound grades I-VI in special primary schools for deaf children and adolescents. Competences at PSL were measured using the Polish Sign Language Grammar Comprehension Test, and comprehension of the text read was tested using the Reading test by Maria Grzywak-Kaczyńska. Hierarchical analysis of multivariate regression showed that competences in PSL are a variable explaining the level of understanding of the read text (in the model the first explanatory the variable was age). Therefore, it has been demonstrated that competences in PSL are relevant to learning to read in Polish among G students / deaf students. The results obtained are important for surdopedagogical practice: they draw attention to the need to improve competences in sign language and to use sign language in the process of learning to read and develop this skill.
ClusterMiner: High Performance for Data, Text and Web Mining
Authors: Mattoso Marta , Ebecken Nelson , Zaverucha Gerson , Evsukoff Alexandre , Baião Fernanda , Costa Myriam , Terra Guilherme
Published: June 2020

Nenhum resumo disponível
On the Support of Activity Patterns in ProWAP: Case Studies, Formal Semantics, Tool Support
Authors: Thom Lucinéia , Iochpe Cirano , Reichert Manfred , Weber Barbara , Matthias Droop , Nascimento Gleison , Chiao Carolina
Published: June 2020

Nenhum resumo disponível
Processo Centrado no Usuário para Geração de Laudos Genéticos
Authors: De Morais Dyego , Caraciolo Marcelo
Published: June 2020

A complexidade de informações em laudos de genética clínica traz a necessidade de inserção de usuários em seu processo de construção. Neste trabalho, descrevemos uma proposta de processo de produção de laudos de genética clínica em formato digital portável (PDF) e sua evolução para uma interface web interativa. Utilizamos como caso de estudo testes genéticos de bem-estar, saúde de necessidades nutricionais e resposta a exercícios físicos realizados em um laboratório clínico de testes genéticos.
Andrej Zaliznjak. Cutting off the unnecessary
Authors: Zimmerling Anton V.
Published: June 2020

This paper offers a polemic linguistic and philological view on the scientific heritage of one of the most prominent linguists of the 20th century, Andrej A. Zaliznjak (1935—2017), who authored fundamental works on the Russian and Old Russian languages. In different years, Zaliznjak addressed issues in morphology, syntax, accentology, and historical gram­mar. This apparent variety of his research interests gives an impression that Zaliznjak moved from purely structural paradigmatic descriptions to merely historical-philological analysis of specific texts. Zaliznjak basic method, however, remained unchanged throughout his life. His descriptions were always rule-based: he extracted rules from language data and tested them on a specific collection of texts. Zaliznjak’s rules can, therefore, be identified with predictive models in the sense adopted in natural sciences. His models gave accurate results since Zaliznjak had a rare gift of cutting off all kinds of redundant information in his rule-based grammatical descriptions and kept the latter apart from other linguistic issues as well as from historical-philological commentary. Although Zaliznjak himself stayed away from program­matic declarations about the language structure and avoided developing integral theories of language, he can be called a consistent structuralist who successfully applied natural science criteria to linguistic evidence.
A synthesis of genres in Andrey Bolotov’s memoirs
Authors: Veselova Aleksandra Yu.
Published: June 2020

Although the genre status of the memoirs of the Russian writer Andrei T. Bolotov has been repeatedly raised in the literature, it has never merited a separate study. This article analyses the structure of Bolotov’s memoirs in terms of their genre peculiarity. Text analysis shows that, when writing his memoirs, Bolotov used techniques borrowed from across various genres with which he was well acquainted. Those were the novel, the epistolary genre, the travelogue, the historical essay, etc. In the broad context of Bolotov’s works, the article shows that all those elements were not combined mechanically. A well-read and stylistically sensi­tive author, he was guided by an intuitive sense of appropriateness of each technique depend­ing on the object of description and thus achieved a genuine synthesis of genres. Finally, it is concluded that this intuition and a clear understanding that his task was a thorough descrip­tion of his life as a record for posterity translated in the literary finesse of Bolotov’s texts and their appeal to the reader.
Using Social Media to Recruit Youth Who Use Electronic Cigarettes
Authors: Garey Lorra , Japuntich Sandra J. , Nelson Kimberly M. , Scott-Sheldon Lori A. J.
Published: June 2020

Objective: Research is needed to inform effective regulatory policy that can help curb electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among youth. However, several challenges interfere with studying e-cigarette use among youth. Social media may provide an outlet to overcome these challenges.
Our objective was to provide instructional information on tested methods for using social media to study e-cigarette use among youth. Methods: We developed 13 advertisements that were used to recruit e-cigarette users 14-24 years old who lived in the United States. We measured the effectiveness
of the advertisements and quality of the resulting data. Results: The advertisements reached 422,228 adolescents and young adults, 408 completed the survey, and 212 (52%) passed the quality check measures. The average cost per click was $0.36. Conclusions: Based on the
current study, key recommendations for behavioral scientists interested in conducting e-cigarette research among youth include: (1) developing and testing multiple advertisements with the target audience; (2) advertising on social media platforms most commonly used by the target group; (3)
tailoring (ie, age and interest) message options; and (4) using multiple types of data quality assurance items.
The WMS Healthy Lifestyle Scale for Adolescents: Development and Validation Based on a Second-order General Factor Model
Authors: Vilca Lindsey W. , Cajachagua Castro Mayela , Moori Silvia E. , Solís-Guevara Fernando D.
Published: June 2020

Objective: We developed and validated the psychometric properties of a scale to assess healthy lifestyle in adolescents aged 12 to 18. Methods: A pilot sample of 404 adolescents (54% males and 46% females) and a confirmatory sample of 1713 adolescents (48.7% males and
51.3% females) were considered. Results: In the pilot study, we performed an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), where the toxic relations dimension was changed to the social relations dimension. In the confirmatory study, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), where the
second-order general factor model presented adequate adjustment indices (CFI = .94; TLI = .93; RMSEA = .04[90% CI = .039-.044]; SRMR = .05). In addition, the global scale presented an adequate composite reliability index (CRI = .87) along with the 8 proposed dimensions: social relationships
(.62), leisure habits (.55); risk-taking behaviors (.82), eating habits (.66); search for clean air (.57); sun protection (.79); physical activity (.65) and water drinking (.68). Conclusions: The results of the study contribute to an adequate measurement of the construct and evidence
for the existence of a second-order general factor model. Furthermore, the study provides a conceptual and statistical basis for the psychometric development of the WMS scale in subsequent studies.
Exercise Intervention Outcomes with Cannabis Users and Nonusers Aged 60 and Older
Authors: YorkWilliams Sophie L. , Gibson Laurel P. , Gust Charleen J. , Giordano Gregory , Hutchison Kent E. , Bryan Angela D.
Published: June 2020

Objectives: Cannabis use is increasing among older adults. We examined whether cannabis use impacted results of an intervention to increase physical activity in sedentary adults aged 60 and over. Methods: We measured differences in body mass index (BMI), exercise behavior,
and cardiovascular fitness between older adult cannabis users (N = 28) and nonusers (N = 136) participating in an exercise intervention trial. Results: BMI of cannabis users was significantly lower than non-users (p = .007). Cannabis users reported .70 more days of exercise on the Stanford
7-Day Physical Activity Recall than non-users at the 8-week timepoint (p = .068) and were 4.1 points higher on the exercise subscale of the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors at 16-weeks (p = .045). Neither baseline nor post-intervention fitness differed by cannabis use
status, and cardiovascular fitness improved after intervention in the full sample. Conclusion: These preliminary data suggest that current cannabis use status is not associated with a negative impact on fitness and efforts to increase exercise in sedentary older adults. Future studies
should collect more detailed information on patterns and forms of cannabis use to understand their potential health effects for older adults.
Factors Associated with Male Health Professions Students' Smoking in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Wang Shiqi , Geater Alan F. , Wang Xuemei , Zhang Nan , Duan Shengyun , Wang Xiaoyu
Published: June 2020

Objectives: In this study, we describe the smoking patterns of male health professions students in Inner Mongolia, China, and identify factors associated with smoking status. Methods: First- to fourth-year male health professions students (N = 1074) in Inner Mongolia Medical
University were interviewed in 2017 regarding their smoking pattern and exposures potentially influencing their smoking status (current-, ex- or never-smoker). We used logistic regression to identify exposures potentially influencing their smoking status. Results: Overall, one-third
were current-smokers, among whom three-fifths had moderate or high nicotine dependence. The relative probability of being a current smoker was higher with exposure to a smoking mother, being unsure of the parents' acceptance of their smoking, and witnessing teachers smoking; it was lower with
better knowledge of smoking-related harm and better smoking-related risk perception. Knowledge of smoking-related harm and risk perception may have a greater impact on smoking behavior than exposure to others' smoking. Conclusion: Promoting knowledge and risk perception related to smoking,
and stricter enforcement of the smoke-free policy on campus may be feasible ways to reduce smoking among male health professions students who are future practitioners.
Introduktion
Authors: Guassora Ann Dorrit , Reventlow Susanne , Sodemann Morten , Merrild Camilla Hoffmann
Published: June 2020

I sundhedsvæsnet organiseres hovedparten af alle interventioner omkring pa- tientkategorier eller patientpopulationer. Multisygdomsbegrebet og arbejdet med de såkaldt multisyge borgere vinder for tiden stadig større udbredelse; der opret- tes multisygdomsklinikker og multimorbiditet er blevet en del af den sundheds- politiske dagsorden. Med dette nummer undersøger vi, hvordan begrebet bruges i forskningen i dag og hvilke betydnings-systemer/praksisser, det knyttes sammen med.
Mere hverdag i sundhedsvæsenet
Authors: Ørtenblad Lisbeth
Published: June 2020

Denne artikel udforsker, hvordan kroniske sygdomme erfares og hvordan livet med mul- tisygdom leves. Med udgangspunkt i multisyges perspektiver på deres hverdagsliv vises, hvorledes multisyge balancerer de mange behandlinger og anden pasning af sygdommene og hensyn og ønsker til hverdagslivet med arbejde, familie og andre sociale relationer. Artik- len vises, at hverdagslivet ikke bare påvirkes af sundhedsvæsenet og de behandlingsbyrder sundhedsvæsenets organisatoriske og faglige forankring i specialisering af enkeltsygdomme bidrager til. Hverdagslivet er også en central medspiller i multisyges håndtering af de di- lemmaer, der opstår i krydsfeltet mellem multisygdom, hverdagsliv og sundhedsvæsen. På den baggrund peger artiklen på et behov for at inkludere hverdagsliv i sundhedsvæsenet og i tilrettelæggelse af behandlingsforløb. Artiklens resultater bygger på fokusgruppeinterview og på et antropologisk feltarbejde med deltager-observation og interviews blandt mennesker med multisygdom.
Rock on(line): una historia personal sobre música confinada
Authors: Roig Antoni
Published: June 2020

La cultura ha sufrido de formas muy distintas, dolorosas, y no siempre visibles, el parón global de este confinamiento. La música, por supuesto, también: lanzamientos discográficos, salas de conciertos y de baile, giras, estudios o festivales son lo más llamativo; también sectores fácilmente olvidados como las orquestas, y multitud de oficios más allá de los músicos, por ejemplo los equipos técnicos, siempre en la sombra. A la vez, la música se ha convertido para muchas personas en compañero indispensable en el confinamiento, porque quizás es la forma de expresión que más impregna nuestra biografía. Muestras hay muchísimas; aquí compartiré algunas, fruto de mi experiencia estas semanas.
On the techniques of varying as the components of auerate diction in the Early Modern English literature (based on the fragments of the D. Lyndsay’s play “A Satire of the Three Estates”)
Authors: Khavronich Alina Alekseevna
Published: June 2020

The subject of this research is implementation of the technique of apposition of synonymic units and apposition of morphological variants identified in the fragments of the D. Lyndsay’s play “A Satire of the Three Estates” representing auerate diction. These techniques are viewed in the context of specificity of auerate diction forming in the beginning of the Early Modern English period, as well as from the perspective of general linguistic processes taking place at that time. Based on the examples from D. Lyndsay’s play, the author focuses on possibilities of utilization of the techniques of varying for the development of semantic and metasemiotic potential of the involved linguistic units. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the stylistic distinction of literary landmarks of the Early Modern English period, unlike the later works of Elizabethan era, were not subjected to detailed analysis in foreign or Russian research. The selected D. Lyndsey’s play “A Satire of the Three Estates” has also not been analyzed from the perspective of formal characteristics. The article specifies the significant peculiarities of the use of key techniques of varying, which in many instances define the aesthetic affect made by the play, leading to a more profound understanding of the resources of English language through realization of the impact function in historical perspective.
Linguoculturological aspect of studying Turkic toponyms of Crimea
Authors: Ganieva Emine Suleimanovna , Osmanova Zarema Seityag'yaevna , Mazinov Akhtem Seit-Ametovich
Published: June 2020

The object of this research is the Turkic toponymic units of the Crimean Region. The subject of this research is the Crimean Tatar toponymic lexicon in the linguocultural aspect. The article examines the Turkic (Crimean Tatar) toponymic system as a fragment of the linguistic worldview of its native speakers. The need is underlined for comprehensive characteristics of geographical denominations of the Crimean Peninsula, with consideration of linguoculturological components as a full-fledged element. The goal consists in description of the Turkic toponymic units of Crimean Region as a phenomenon generated by the culture of Crimean Tatars. It is determined that the semantic of Turkic toponyms is motivated by different associations related to images of the animals and their habitat, plants, historical events and legends that defined names of the objects, etc. There also nomens with unmotivated semantics, permitting variable semantization. As a result of analysis, the examined in linguoculturological aspect toponyms of Crimea of Turkic origin are classified by most significant thematic groups. The Crimean Tatar toponymic lexicon is viewed from linguoculturological perspective for the first time, which defines the scientific novelty of the research. The following conclusions were made: geographical denominations of Crimea are the cultural artifact of Crimean Tatars, reflecting the historical stages of their settlement, ancient migrations and interethnic contacts, economic activity. Political and social transformations, geographical specificities, location, territorial traditions, including those that no longer exist.  The geographical nominations, alongside the instances of creation of toponyms based on external resemblance of geographical object with the realities surrounded Crimean Tatars (color, form), also used cultural and mental associative principles of nomination. This is why the terms included religious, somatic, legend-based, and other components.  
DAXX mediates high phosphate-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in vitro through activating ERK signaling
Authors: Wang Shu , Wu Mingyu , Qin Ling , Song Yaxiang , Peng Ai
Published: June 2020

Backgroud and Purpose

Hyperphosphatemia, which is a high inorganic phosphate (Pi) level in the serum, promotes endothelial cells dysfunction and is associated with cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, the underlying mechanism of high Pi-induced endothelia cell apoptosis remains unclear.

Methods

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with normal Pi (1.0 mM) and high Pi (3.0 mM), and then cell apoptosis, abnormal gene expression and potential signaling pathway involvement in simulated hyperphosphatemia were examined using flow cytometry, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot analysis. A two-step 5/6 nephrectomy was carried out to induce CKD and biochemical measurements were taken.

Results

The rat model of CKD revealed that hyperphosphatemia is correlated with an increased death-domain associated protein (DAXX) expression in endothelial cells. In vitro, high Pi increased the mRNA and protein expression level of DAXX in HUVECs, effects that were reversed by additional phosphonoformic acid treatment. Functionally, high Pi resulted in a significantly increased apoptosis in HUVECs, whereas DAXX knockdown markedly repressed high Pi-induced cell apoptosis, indicating that DAXX mediated high Pi-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. High Pi treatment and DAXX overexpression induced the activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERKs), while DAXX knockdown inhibited high Pi-induced ERKs activation. Finally, we demonstrated that DAXX overexpression induced HUVECs apoptosis in the presence of normal Pi, whereas additional treatment with U0126 (a specific ERK inhibitor) reversed that effect.

Conclusion

Upregulated DAXX promoted high Pi-induced HUVECs apoptosis by activating ERK signaling and indicated that the DAXX/ERK signaling axis may be served as a potential target for CKD therapy.
Comparative analyses of 32 complete plastomes of Tef (Eragrostis tef ) accessions from Ethiopia: phylogenetic relationships and mutational hotspots
Authors: Teshome Girma Eshetu , Mekbib Yeshitila , Hu Guangwan , Li Zhi-Zhong , Chen Jinming
Published: June 2020

Eragrostis tef is an important cereal crop in Ethiopia with excellent storage properties, high–quality food, and the unique ability to thrive in extreme environmental conditions. However, the application of advanced molecular tools for breeding and conservation of these species is extremely limited. Therefore, developing chloroplast genome resources and high-resolution molecular markers are valuable to E. tef population and biogeographic studies. In the current study, we assembled and compared the complete plastomes of 32 E. tef accessions. The size of the plastomes ranged from 134,349 to 134,437 bp with similar GC content (∼38.3%). Genomes annotations revealed 112 individual genes, including 77 protein-coding, 31 tRNA, and 4 rRNA genes. Comparison of E. tef plastomes revealed a low degree of intraspecific sequence variations and no structural differentiations. Furthermore, we found 34 polymorphic sites (13 cpSSRs, 12 InDels, and 9 SNPs) that can be used as valuable DNA barcodes. Among them, the majority (88%) of the polymorphic sites were identified in the noncoding genomic regions. Nonsynonymous (ka) and synonymous (ks) substitution analysis showed that all PCGs were under purifying selection (ka/ks <1). The phylogenetic analyses of the whole plastomes and polymorphic region sequences were able to distinguish the accession from the southern population, indicating its potential to be used as a super-barcode. In conclusion, the newly generated plastomes and polymorphic markers developed here could be a useful genomic resource in molecular breeding, population genetics and the biogeographical study of E. tef.
Response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in soil and roots to grazing differs in a wetland on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau
Authors: Li Zhong-Feng , Lü Peng-Peng , Wang Yong-Long , Yao Hui , Maitra Pulak , Sun Xiang , Zheng Yong , Guo Liang-Dong
Published: June 2020

Grazing as one of the most important disturbances affects the abundance, diversity and community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in ecosystems, but the AM fungi in response to grazing in wetland ecosystems remain poorly documented. Here, we examined AM fungi in roots and soil in grazing and non-grazing plots in Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Grazing significantly increased AM fungal spore density and glomalin-related soil proteins, but had no significant effect on the extra radical hyphal density of AM fungi. While AM fungal richness and community composition differed between roots and soil, grazing was found to influence only the community composition in soil. This study shows that moderate grazing can increase the biomass of AM fungi and soil carbon sequestration, and maintain the AM fungal diversity in the wetland ecosystem. This finding may enhance our understanding of the AM fungi in response to grazing in the wetland on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.
Contribution of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) – Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Intercropping to Productivity of the System in Semi-deciduous Forest Zone of Ghana
Authors: Quaye Michael Odenkey , Sarkodie-Addo Joseph , Kennedy Agyeman , Snr Patrick Atta Poku , Kyere Clement Gyeabour
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to assess the growth, yield and cost effectiveness of okra-cowpea intercropping system at the Plantation Section of Faculty of Agriculture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, during the major rainy season of 2017.  The okra was planted on 1st May, 2017 and the cowpea introduced at varying planting dates i.e. at the same time, 1, 2, 3 and 4 WAP. Sole okra and cowpea served as control. The experimental plots were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven (7) treatments and replicated three (3) times. The data collected were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the treatment means separated by least significance difference (LSD) at 5% probability. Results showed that time of introduction of the cowpea caused a reduction (P < 0.05) in the growth and yield of the component crops. The partial equivalent ratio of cowpea planted at the same time with okra and one week later was greater (P < 0.05) than the component okra whiles that of okra was greater than cowpea in 2, 3 and 4 weeks. The Land Equivalent Ratio of all the intercrops was greater than 1 showing that intercropping okra with cowpea was beneficial. The highest Gross Monetary Returns, Land Equivalent Ratio and Monetary Equivalent Ratio of GHȻ 7,039.40, 1.75 and 1.31, respectively were recorded in okra intercropped with cowpea 2 WAP. Okra sown with cowpea at the same time recorded a disadvantage (0.84) in Monetary Equivalent Ratio. To ensure higher yield and economic returns, cowpea could be introduced into okro 2 weeks after planting okro.