bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endocrine therapy resistance: what we know and future directions
Authors: Musheyev David , Alayev Anya
Published: August 2022

Endocrine resistance is a major hurdle in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. When abnormally regulated, molecular signals responsible for cellular proliferation, as well as ER itself, allow for cellular evasion of ER-dependent treatments. Therefore, pharmacological treatments that target these evasion mechanisms are beneficial for the treatment of endocrine-resistant breast cancers. This review summarizes currently understood molecular signals that contribute to endocrine resistance and their crosstalk that stem from mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) and aberrant ER function. Recent clinical trials that target these molecular signals as a treatment strategy for endocrine-resistant breast cancer are also highlighted.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada MS Glow Skincare
Authors: Luthfia Zahra , Maya Siska
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara kualitas produk dan harga terhadap keputusan pembelian pada MsGlow Skincare. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan cara menyebar kuisioner dan juga menggunakan google form serta data hasil kuisioner diolah dengan metode SPSS. Pada penelitian ini peneliti hanya mengambil sampel sebanyak 152 responden, kriteria sampel yang harus dipenuhi untuk keperluan penelitian ini yaitu pengguna Ms Glow Skincare. Hasil uji t menunjukan variabel kualitas produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian dan variabel harga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, variabel kualitas produk dan harga secara simultan memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian.
PENGEMBANGAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERBANTUAN VEGAS PRO 13 UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SPLTV SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Saifullah Saifullah
Published: August 2022

This study aims to (1) describe the process of developing learning video media (2) describe the feasibility of video-based learning media, and (3) describe the improvement of student learning achievement outcomes with learning video media on the subject matter of SPLTV. The type of research used is development research (R&D) with the ADDIE development model and one group pretest postest research design that produces products in the form of learning video media. The technique of data collection in this study used questionnaires, pre-test and post-test results, and interviews. The resulting data are analyzed quantitatively and descriptively qualitatively.The results of this study are, (1) the product development process that has been generated from this research and development is obtained through several processes, namely product manufacturing, product validation, revision, and field trials, (2) the feasibility of learning video media media can be seen from the validity of media experts 84.71% and material experts 78.33%, 71.54% practicality from practitioners / teachers, 83.03% effectiveness of product trials and 80% of the ministry of field trials,  thus the learning video media including valid, feasible, practical, effective and interesting categories used, (3) student learning achievement results increased as evidenced by pre-test results that originally got a result of 50.97 then in post-test results increased to 60.28.
Companion plants for conservative management of Tupiocoris cucurbitaceus (Spinola 1852) (Heteroptera: Miridae: Dicyphini) on greenhouse tomato crops
Authors: Burla Juan P. , Arbulo Natalia , Aldabe Joaquín , Fagúndez César , Castiglioni Enrique
Published: August 2022

In recent decades, greenhouse crops relevance increased due to the high demand for products outside their growing season, with tomato standing out as one of the most cultivated crops. In these production systems, insects and mites find optimal conditions for their development, achieving high populations that affect crops. Farmers usually control these populations using chemical insecticides, which affect the health of workers and consumers and have negative effects on the environment. Tomato crops suffer damage by lepidopterans and hemipterans, among which those known as whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) perform regular attacks, causing yield and quality losses in the final product. Currently, the use of zoophytophagous predators of the Miridae family, Dicyphini tribe, as an alternative for their biological control, has intensified studies on Tupiocoris cucurbitaceus (Spinola, 1852), a predator of several species of aphids and whiteflies found in Uruguay. A strategy for the conservative management of those species was designed, using companion plants grown together with the crop. By the time the tomato plants were transplanted, Calendula officinalis, Smallanthus connatus, Tithonia rotundifolia, Nicotiana tabacum, Physalis peruviana and Petunia hybrida plants were established as companion species. These plants were monitored weekly together with the tomato plants, and a greater presence of T. cucurbitaceus in the crops with companion plants was found. The results suggest that the incorporated plants were useful for the preservation and retention of predaceous mirids in productive conditions.
Comparative Study between DE Vega and Pericardial Band Annuloplasty in Management of Functional Tricuspid Valve Regurge
Authors: Zakaria Moustafa AL mashtoly  , Medhat Ahmed Refaie Mohamed  , Ismail Nasr El sokkary  , Ahmed H. Mohamed
Published: August 2022

Dilated annulus tricuspid regurgitation is a frequent pathology mostly with functional right ventricularimpairment. Our study was to compare result of De Vaga (DV) repair Versus Band Annuloplasty (BA) inpatients with severe functional Tricuspid valve regurge. A total of 80 patients underwent TV repair at Beni-Suefuniversity Hospital with 40 DV and 40 had BA; accompanying interventions done for mitral valve or doublevalve replacement. Clinical and echocardiographic follow-up data were obtained. Follow-up after 6months wasdone completely. A higher proportion of grade 0 and I of tricuspid regurge post-operatively in BA group and ahigher proportion of TR grade II among DV group. After 6-12 months follow-up, The NYHA higher grades (I, II,III) were significantly more prevalent in the DV. There was no statistical difference between the BA group and theDV group regarding the proportion of morbidity and mortality. The 2 interventions are considerable in tricuspidvalve repair although good evidence in support of BA compared with DV suture repair for treatment of moderateto severe TV regurgitation; longer follow up durations is recommended for better post-operative evaluation tomorbidities and mortalities.
Total stability of two constant section beams. Development of payment provisions
Authors:   JSC “SIC “Construction”, Farfel M.I. , Gukova M.I. ,   JSC “SIC “Construction”, Svyatoshenko A.E. ,   JSC “SIC “Construction”
Published: August 2022

The paper presents the derivation of formulas for the method of calculating bent elements for general stability, given in SP 16.13330, which is based on the theory of thin-walled elastic rods and the system of differential equations of V. Z. Vlasov. Formulas are given for a single-span beam with a hinged mounting of supports. A general equation has been compiled for calculating the bending stability coefficient φ_1, which allows adapting the requirements of SP16.13330 standards to various types of load action in the beam span. The results are presented for twenty-five different types of external load action. The formulas take into account the arbitrary location of the load along the height of the beam section, from the lower edge of the lower belt to the upper edge of the upper belt. The values of the critical moment M_cr, at which a new form of equilibrium state arises in the beam, are determined, according to the conclusions of the work [6]. The critical moment M_cr is calculated in the form of a stability problem of the first kind – the loss of a stable position of an element of a rectilinear shape (the load acts along the line of the bending center, the neutral axis of the beam is rectilinear, the material is elastic). The formulas of the presented table can be used to perform verification calculations.
CONTACT PROBLEM FOR INCLINED PLATE CONDITIONS OF EQUALITY OF ITS SOME DISPLACEMENT
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, BOSAKOV S.V. , KOTOV Y.N. ,   Belarusian-Russian University
Published: August 2022

Porpose. Calculation of the plate on flexible base where one part of the points of the plate base are in the same inclined plane during bending. The concrete foundation where a base plate is located is an flexible semi-infinite foundation. Method. To determine a contact voltage between the plate and the foundation the Zhemochkin method is used. The system of canonical equations includes the equations of the Zhemochkin method and the equation to find single points of the slab in the inclined plane. The result of solving the system determines the forces in the method of Zhemochkin and unknown forces causing the displacement of the base plate of the foundation in the same inclined plane. Then the displacement of the base plate and the forces in it are found. Results. Calculation of the metal foundation of an eccentrically compressed metal column with an I-beam cross-section based on a concrete surfacing. Isolines of equal contact voltages and displacements, graphs of voltage and displacement with the typical sections of the foundation are shown.
Experimental and theoretical studies on the synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted pyrrolidine-2,3-diones
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Tran , Dai Vo Viet , Tri Nguyen Ngoc , Van Meervelt Luc , Trung Nguyen Tien , Dehaen Wim
Published: August 2022

Substituted 4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-3-pyrroline-2-ones have been prepared via three-component reactions and the tautomerism of these 3-pyrroline-2-ones is due to the slight difference of energy, and the significantly large rate constant of transformation between two tautomers. 1,4,5-Trisubstituted pyrrolidine-2,3-dione derivatives were prepared from the above mentioned 2-pyrrolidinone derivatives and aliphatic amines, which exist in enamine form and are stabilized by an intramolecular hydrogen bond. A possible reaction mechanism between 3-pyrroline-2-one and aliphatic amine (CH3NH2) was proposed based on computational results and the main product is formed favorably following the PES via the lowest ΔG#pathway in both the gas-phase and an ethanol solvent model. DFT calculations showed that kinetic selectivity is more significant than thermodynamic selectivity for forming main products.
Hubungan material dan bentuk ume kbubu (rumah masyarakat Fatumnasi)
Authors: Boli Benediktus , Lapenangga Apridus Kefas , Arakian Donatus
Published: August 2022

Bentuk sebuah arsitektur tradisional merupakan ekspresi dari budaya yang berpadu dengan kearifan lokal masyarakat di suatu tempat serta dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan material alam yang ada disekitarnya. Bagi masyarakat Fatumnasi, umek bubu merupakan rumah tempat berteduh, menyimpan bahan makanan, dan tempat memulai kehidupan (bersalin dan merawat wanita pasca melahirkan). Bangunan ini dibangun dengan material alam sekitar yang memiliki karakter fleksibel, kuat, ringan namun tetap mudah dibentuk menjadi dinamis dan dapat merespon perubahan iklim yang terjadi. Motede yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendiskripsikan secara kualitatif hubungan antara material dan bentuk. Jenis material dan karakteristiknya dijelaskan secara detail sesuai fungsinya dalam membentuk elemen konstuksi pada bangunan tersebut. Objek yang dikaji adalah ume kbubu milik narasumber yangditentukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui pengamatan langsung, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa material yang digunakan untuk konstruksi ume kbubu memiliki keterkaitan dengan bentuknya yang kerucut. KarakterÂ  material yang Â fleksibel, kuat, ringan dan Â mudah dibentuk Â menghasilkan bentukume kbubu yang dinamis danrespon terhadap kondisi iklim yang ada
Karakter arsitektur masjid Jawa pada Masjid Pathok Negoro
Authors: At-toyibi Muhammad Nur Hakimuddin , Widyastuti Dyah Titisari
Published: August 2022

Sebagai bagian dari sistem pemerintahan Yogyakarta, Masjid Pathok Negoro memiliki nilai-nilai budaya yang sangat tinggi. Alur sejarah yang terjadi di Pulau Jawa membentuk budaya yang beraneka ragam yang kemudian saling berakulturasi membentuk sebuah budaya baru. Masjid Jawa merupakan produk akulturasi budaya yang terbentuk dalam berjalannya sejarah perkembangan budaya di Pulau Jawa. Hal ini mempengaruhi terbentuknya karakter arsitektur masjid Jawa yang sarat akan unsur budaya tidak terkecuali arsitekur dari Masjid Pathok Negoro di Yogyakarta. Adanya unsur budaya dalam karakter arsitektur Masjid Pathok Negoro memperkuat nilai dari keempat masjid sebagai bagian dari Kesultanan Yogyakarta. Karakter arsitektur Masjid Pathok Negoro dapat diidentifikasi melalui tiga aspek yaitu physical system, spatial system dan stylistic system pada arsitekturnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakter arsitektur dari Masjid Pathok Negoro dan menemukan relevansinya dengan karakter masjid Jawa dan akulturasi budaya. Metode dalam penelitian ini bersifat kualitiatif dengan penalaran induktif yang menggunakan studi tipologi sebagai sarana identifikasi karakter arsitektur. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan aspek-aspek apa saja yang menunjukkan bahwa karakter arsitektur Masjid Pathok Negoro Relevan dengan karakter masjid Jawa yang kaya akan nilai akulturasi budaya baik dari Hindu, Jawa dan Islam.
Organization of an online lesson in a mixed learning format within the framework of pedagogical practice
Authors: Анциферова О.В. , Колосова Т.Н. , Попова Т.И. , Щукина К.А.
Published: August 2022

Статья посвящена особенностям организации и проведения учебного онлайн-урока в рамках прохождения педагогической практики при обучении в магистратуре. В статье представлены методические основы проведения онлайн-урока: педагогика сотрудничества, взаимное обучение по принципу «равный равному», «перевернутый класс».

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of organizing and conducting an online educational lesson within the framework of pedagogical practice during master's degree studies. The article presents the methodological foundations of conducting an online lesson, namely: pedagogy of cooperation, mutual learning on the principle of «equal to equal», «inverted class».
Blended learning as one of the trends of digitalization of education
Authors: Рублева Е.В.
Published: August 2022

В статье предпринята попытка систематизировать и описать существующие тренды и тенденции в цифровом образовании на сегодняшний день, а также показать их интеграцию и возможную конвергенцию.

The article attempts to systematize and describe the existing trends and trends in digital education today, as well as to show their integration and possible convergence.
IMAGES OF «CAT», «SHE-CAT» AND «KITTEN» IN THE SYSTEM OF STABLE COMPARISONS OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Огольцева Е.В.
Published: August 2022

Объектом анализа в данной статье являются компаративные гнезда русского языка, в которые входят устойчивые сравнения с компонентами «кот», «кошка» и «котенок». На этом материале автор рассматривает такие аспекты проблемы, как различие образных функций родовых коррелятов и особенности функционирования наименований детенышей в составе компаративных фразеологизмов. Выявлены основные аспекты качественной характеристики человека (его внешность, особенности поведения, нравственные ценности, отношения с другими людьми), которые могут быть выражены посредством трех взаимосвязанных образов в системе устойчивых сравнений русского языка. Автор приходит к выводу, что женский коррелят «кошка» обладает более богатым набором компаративных функций по сравнению с образом «кот». Образ «котенок» служит в первую очередь средством образного выражения состояния беспомощности, неприспособленности к жизни, беззащитности. Представленные в статье наблюдения раскрывают новый ракурс анализа зоонимов как одной из групп лексики, исключительно важных в коммуникативно-прагматическом плане.

The object of analysis in this article is comparative nests of the Russian language, which include stable comparisons with the components «cat», «she-cat» and «kitten». Using this material, the author examines such aspects of the problem as the difference in the figurative functions of generic correlates and the peculiarities of the functioning of the names of cubs as part of comparative phraseological units. The main aspects of the qualitative characteristics of a person (his appearance, behavior, moral values, relationships with other people) are revealed, which can be expressed through three interrelated images in the system of stable comparisons of the Russian language. The author comes to the conclusion that the female correlate «cat» has a richer set of comparative functions compared to the image of «cat». The image of the «kitten» serves primarily as a means of figurative expression of the state of helplessness, inability to live, defenselessness. The observations presented in the article reveal a new perspective of the analysis of zoonyms as one of the vocabulary groups that are extremely important in the communicative and pragmatic aspect.
RUSSIAN LANGUAGE POLICY: FROM CHALLENGES TO NEW OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Козловцева Н.А.
Published: August 2022

Современный мир бросает языковой политике все новые вызовы. С февраля 2022 г. с каждым днем становится очевиднее, что предыдущие стратегии языковой политики РФ (как внешней, так и внутренней, во многом западноориентированной) доказывают свою неэффективность и непрактичность. Однако данные вызовы необязательно обозначают провал языковой политики государства, скорее это дает ей стимул к самосовершенствованию, эволюции. Способность языковой политики России отвечать на внешнеполитические вызовы и адаптироваться к ним является ключевым критерием ее эффективности особенно в качестве «мягкой силы» государства, способной сгладить межнациональные конфликты и обеспечить взаимопонимание и доверие между представителями разных культур даже в текущей ситуации. Целью данной статьи является анализ и обобщение основных направлений языковой политики РФ до февраля 2022 г., а также определение ряда перспективных ее направлений в будущем.

The modern world is throwing new challenges to language policy. Since February 2022, it has become more obvious every day that the previous strategies of the language policy of the Russian Federation (both foreign and domestic, largely Western-oriented components) prove to be ineffective and impractical. However, these challenges do not necessarily indicate the failure of the state's language policy, rather it gives it an incentive to self-improvement, evolution. The ability of Russia's language policy to respond to foreign policy challenges and adapt to them is a key criterion for its effectiveness, especially as a «soft power» of the state, capable of smoothing out interethnic conflicts and ensuring mutual understanding and trust between representatives of different cultures, even in the current situation. The purpose of this article is to analyze and summarize the main directions of the language policy of the Russian Federation until February 2022, as well as to identify a number of promising directions in the future.
INTRODUCTION OF CULTURAL INFORMATION IN TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN A MULTICULTURAL AUDIENCE
Authors: Аникина М.Н.
Published: August 2022

Статья посвящена проблеме формирования социокультурной компетенции у студентов, которые изучают РКИ. Цель работы – предложить эффективный алгоритм введения культурологической информации, которая вплеталась бы в процесс обучения постепенно, не вызывая отторжения. Автор подробно освещает предпосылки формирования «методики здравого смысла», а также, опираясь на собственный многолетний опыт, предлагает рекомендации, которые могут быть полезны обучающимся на начальном этапе овладения русским языком. В качестве универсальной модели кооперации с аудиторией предложена адаптированная к образовательному процессу система максим речевого поведения, разработанная Г. Грайсом. Каждый из компонентов коммуникативного события рассмотрен в соответствии со схемой Г. Ласуэлла и снабжен подробными комментариями. Особое внимание в статье уделяется каналу трансляции информации – сюжетному учебнику, смоделированному по интерактивной модели. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что введение культурологической информации в процессе обучения должно учитывать базовые пресуппозиции обучающихся, особенности их мотивации, целеполагание и ориентированность на диалог.

The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of socio-cultural competence among students who study Russian as a foreign language. The purpose of this work is to propose an effective algorithm for introducing cultural information that would be woven into the learning process gradually, without causing rejection. The author covers in detail the prerequisites for the formation of the "common sense methodology", and also, relying on his own many years of experience, offers recommendations that can be useful to students at the initial stage of mastering the Russian language. The system of maxims of speech behavior, developed by G. Grice, adapted to the educational process, is proposed as a universal model of cooperation with the audience. Each of the components of a communicative event is considered in accordance with G. Laswell's scheme and is provided with detailed comments. Particular attention in the article is paid to the channel for broadcasting information - a plot textbook modeled on an interactive model. The author comes to the conclusion that the introduction of culturological information in the learning process should take into account the basic presuppositions of students, the peculiarities of their motivation, goal-setting and focus on dialogue.
A NEW LIFE OF PSYCHOLOGY AND COACHING IN THE TEACHING METHODOLOGY OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Филимонова А.Р. , Вохмина Л.Л.
Published: August 2022

Методика преподавания иностранных языков с каждым годом развивается, вбирая в себя достижения из смежных наук, в том числе и из психологии. В статье анализируются возможности использования в преподавании РКИ таких психологических практик, как транзактный анализ, коучинг и под., пришедшие из гештальт-психологии на новой волне ее развития. Приводится также пример упражнений, которые могут быть использованы в преподавании иностранных языков и РКИ.

The methodology of teaching foreign languages develops every year, absorbing achievements of a related science – psychology. This article analyzes the contribution of such psychological approaches as gestalt psychology and transactional analysis, coaching, projective techniques, and it also provides an example of exercises that can be used in teaching foreign languages and Russian as a foreign language.
COLLECTIVE MONOGRAPH: GENERAL AND RUSSIAN LINGUOAXIOLOGY
Authors: Чжоу Х.
Published: August 2022

Коллективная монография «Общая и русская лингвоаксиология», вышедшая в издательстве «Канцлер» в 2022 г., посвящена теоретическим и прикладным проблемам в лингвоаксиологических исследованиях. Монография, актуальная для широкого круга читателей, охватывает все наиболее значимые аспекты исследования: лексический, грамматический и дискурсивный.

The collective monograph «General and Russian Linguoaxiology», published by Publishing house «Kancler» in 2022, is devoted to theoretical and applied problems in linguoaxiological research. The monograph, relevant for a wide range of readers, covers all the most significant aspects of the study: lexical, grammatical and discursive.
ANALISIS FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI MINAT MAHASISWA KULIAH DI POLITEKNIK GANESHA GURU SINGARAJA
Authors: Septina Luh Frida , Mekarsari Ni Ketut Adi , Gunawan Ketut
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi minat mahasiswa kuliah di Politeknik Ganesha Guru Singaraja, serta untuk mengetahui faktor yang paling dominan memengaruhi minat mahasiswa kuliah di Politeknik Ganesha Guru Singaraja. Populasi target dalam penelitian ini adalah 139 orang mahasiswa Politeknik Ganesha Guru Singaraja, kemudian diambil 100 orang sebagai sampel dengan metode random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan mempergunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan kuesioner.  Data diolah dengan menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik kuantitatif yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor yang dikomputasi dengan program IBM SPSS for Windows 20. Hasil analisis faktor diperoleh persentase kumulatif varian sebesar 90,597%. Hasil extraction dengan metode Principal Component Analysis diketahui dari 29 indikator pelayanan yang diteliti dapat diringkas menjadi 3 faktor inti. Faktor 1 (Beasiswa) memiliki eigenvalues sebesar 23,813 varian 82,112%. Faktor 2 (Ruangan ber-AC) memiliki eigenvalues sebesar 1,318 varian 4,546%. Faktor 3 (Tugas Akhir) memiliki eigenvalues sebesar 1,142 varian 3,939%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: (1) faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi minat mahasiswa kuliah di Poltek Ganesha Guru Singaraja adalah faktor beasiswa, faktor ruangan ber-AC; dan faktor tugas akhir; (2) faktor yang dominan memengaruhi adalah faktor beasiswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disarankan kepada pihak Poltek Ganesha Guru Singaraja untuk meningkatkan faktor beasiswa untuk meningkatkan minat mahasiswa kuliah di Pltek Ganesha Singaraja.
KEPEMIMPINAN, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN KINERJA PEGAWAI BPBD KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Ayu Erawati Ketut , Arta Jiwa I Dewa Nyoman , Gunawan Ketut
Published: August 2022

Kinerja pegawai berperan penting penting dalam capaian strategis tujuan organisasi seperti instansi pemerintah. Kinerja adalah hasil kerja baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas yang dicapai oleh seseorang dalam melaksanakan tugas sesuai tanggung jawab yang diberikan. Instansi pemerintah dapat melakukan pengelolaan sumber daya manusia dengan mengembangkan efektivitas kerja, memperbaiki kualitas pegawai, memberikan aturan kerja efektif sehingga memberikan produktivitas tinggi kepada organisasi. Peran penting kepemimpinan dalam birokrasi pemerintahan menuntut upaya maksimal meningkatkan prestasi kerja atau kinerja pegawai. Selain kepemimpinan yang memengaruhi kinerja pegawai, disiplin kerja juga dapat meningkatkan kinerja pegawai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan kepemimpinan dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data berupa kuisioner, dengan teknik analisa data menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan baik secara parsial dan simultan variabel kepemimpinan dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai BPBD Kabupaten Buleleng.
Retrospective Analysis of the Treatment of Patients with Pain in Osteochondrosis of the Thoracic Spine
Authors: Kudrin A.P.
Published: August 2022

Summary. The purpose of this study was to identify signs of cardiac component in the development of chronic pain in osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine.

Materials and Methods. Case histories of 434 patients with osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine who underwent examination and treatment in the SI “Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of NAMS of Ukraine” were retrospectively studied. Among them were 207 males and 227 females. The materials of inpatient and outpatient medical histories and consultative conclusions were processed. The place of residence, lifestyle of patients, the presence of concomitant pathology, duration of the disease, and the frequency of exacerbations per year were analyzed. Risk factors and complaints of patients with a careful emphasis on the nature of the pain syndrome were studied. The results of treatment were evaluated.

Results. Males (47.7±2.4%) and females (52.3±2.3%) of working age (89.0%) suffered from thoracic osteochondrosis almost equally. The vast majority lived in cities (88.2%). Isolated thoracic osteochondrosis (43.3±0.3%) with the duration of the disease up to 1 year (72.3%) and the frequency of exacerbations once a year (54.4%) was the most common according to localization. The pain was mainly aching in nature with irradiation to the right half of the chest and right upper extremity (88.5%). The dependence of the pain syndrome on changes in body position and duration over time from one hour to several days was observed (92.1%). Risk factors for the development of the disease include hypodynamia (10.4%), obesity (5.5%), other comorbidities (4.6%), as well as genetic predisposition and bad habits (4.1% and 3%, respectively). In 90.0% of cases, the patients received drug treatment – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics. 10.0% were treated with physiotherapy (52.7%), massage (97.2%), and therapeutic gymnastics (91.7%). 63.2% of patients were treated using a combination of medical and non-medical methods. According to the outcomes of treatment, a positive effect was noted in 87.5% of patients.

Conclusions. Careful analysis of the negative outcomes indicates the presence in this category of patients probable concomitant cardiac pathology, which requires further study and examination.
Biomechanical State of the Operated Thoracolumbar Junction in Lateroflexion
Authors: Nekhlopochyn O.S. , Cheshuk Ye.V. , Vorodi M.V. , Tsymbaliuk Ya.V. , Karpinskyi M.Yu. , Yaresko O.V.
Published: August 2022

Summary. The zone of the thoracolumbar junction is the most susceptible to traumatic injuries due to anatomical and physiological features. Accordingly, the stabilization of this section of the spine requires high reliability.

Objective: to study the stress-strain state of the model of the thoracolumbar spine after resection of Th12-L1 vertebrae with different types of transpedicular fixation under lateroflexion.

Materials and Methods. Mathematical finite element model of a fragment of the human thoracolumbar spine (Тh9-L5) was developed. We modeled the result of decompressive-stabilizing surgery with total removal of Th12-L1 vertebrae including installation of vertebral body replacing implant and fixation with a transpedicular system using 4 pairs of screws. Lateroflexion was modeled by applying a load of 350 N.

Results. When evaluating the model without crosslinks and using monocortical pedicle screws, it was found that the maximum loading values in Th10, Th11, L2, and L3 vertebral bodies were 3.4, 2.0, 3.5, and 8.6 MPa, respectively; loading on pedicle screws installed in the indicated vertebrae was 48.4, 48.3, 23.3 and 43.5 MPa. When using bicortical screws without crosslinks in the vertebral bodies, the values were 3.1, 2.5, 3.8, 9.6 MPa and 49.9, 51.9, 25.8, 44.8 MPa, respectively; when using a combination of short screws and crosslinks in the vertebral bodies, the values were 3.2, 2.0, 2.6, 7.5 MPa and 47.6, 47.5, 22.6, 41.2 MPa, respectively; when using crosslinks and bicortical screws, the values were 3.0, 2.2, 2.7, 8.8 MPa and 48.3, 49.6, 24.3, 42.5 MPa, respectively.

Conclusions. In lateroflexion, monocortical pedicle screws cause lower critical loading rates compared to long screws at all control points of the model. Crosslinks help to reduce stress levels. The use of monocortical pedicle screws in combination with transverse ties seems to be the most biomechanically effective in lateroflexion.
Toolkit for Integrated Serosurveillance of Communicable Diseases in the Americas
Authors:   PAHO and CDC
Published: August 2022

Serosurveillance is a tool that complements traditional public health methods for surveillance of communicable diseases and provides valuable information on disease transmission in populations; for example, to identify gaps in immunity against vaccine-preventable diseases. This information is useful for monitoring population exposure to diseases such as malaria, neglected infectious diseases, foodborne diseases, waterborne diseases, vector-borne diseases, and emerging infectious diseases. As many infectious diseases are or have been present in populations that live in environments where various risk factors overlap, consequently, integrated serosurveillance facilitates synergies and optimizes the utilization of public health resources. This toolkit was developed to facilitate the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and use of results of integrated serosurveys to reinforce countries’ capacities toward the elimination of communicable diseases. The first part describes the basic concepts of serosurveys and serosurveillance, its uses, benefits and challenges, ways to improve its efficiency, and its potential to contribute to decision-making in public health. Subsequently, this toolkit presents a stepwise process for the implementation of survey-based integrated serological surveillance. It includes recommendations on how to identify the need for and purpose of gathering serological information; the survey design and methodology; laboratory methods; practical considerations for survey implementation; data analysis and interpretation; and the use of findings to support decision-making. It is primarily aimed to support program managers and teams involved in the control and elimination of communicable diseases. The target audience includes, but it is not restricted to, coordinators of communicable diseases, neglected infectious diseases, and immunization programs; epidemiological surveillance managers; public health laboratory staff; and other staffers of cabinet-level and subnational health departments or authorities who may be interested in incorporating integrated serosurveillance into the tools of their surveillance systems, as a means of gaining additional insight into population transmission of infectious diseases.
Comparative life cycle assessment of biomass-based and coal-based activated carbon production
Authors: Jiunn Boon Yong  , Lian See Tan  , Jully Tan
Published: August 2022

Activated carbon is an effective adsorbent due to its high porosity, large surface area and high surface reactivity. Activated carbon is commonly produced from coal which is a non-renewable resource. Therefore, alternative source such as biomass-based activated carbon is being explored nowadays. However, the environmental impact of biomass-based activated carbon produced is still not clearly quantified. Thus, in this study, the impact of production of biomass-based activated carbon was compared with base case of coal-based activated carbon. The environmental impact of both biomass and coal-based activated carbon in terms of global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP) and eutrophication potential (EP) from cradle to gate was evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA) based on method outlined in ISO 14040. The input and output data of biomass-based and coal activated carbon were obtained from the literature. The results show that biomass-based activated carbon is a better option of source for activated carbon compared to coal activated carbon. The outcome of this study provides a better understanding on the environmental impact of production of biomass-based activated carbon. The outcome can also verify the sustainability of the renewable sources used for the production of activated carbon. In long term perspective, it can be used to support the replacement of coal-based activated carbon.
A Study on the Role of criminal law in Metaverse
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Lee Won Sang
Published: August 2022

Times are changing rapidly. Before you get used to one information and com- munication technology, you will encounter the next generation of information and communication technology. The world created by combining such technologies and converging them with real space is a metaverse. Metabuses, which are concentrated information and communication technologies, are like living creatures. As information and communication technology develops, metaverse also develops. However, just as sin entered the world in the beginning in the Bible, various types of crimes are emerging in metaverse. It is the criminal law that has played a role in preventing and suppressing crime so far. However, in the information age, the criminal law gradually gives its role to various specialized laws, and the role is relatively reduced. Of course, it can be seen that the role of the criminal law is not reduced because there are penal provisions in the area of specialized law. That statement is correct in form. However, in practice, in the area of specialized law, criminal law can no longer claim systematic superiority or priority. Criminal law plays an auxiliary role, not a leading role in crime.
In this study, the types of crimes that criminal law can play a leading role in metaverse and the types that should be divided into specialized laws were distinguished. And it came to the conclusion that some of the crimes prescribed in the special law should be transferred to the criminal code. But this is a tentative way. In order to maintain the role of criminal law that has been historically established, integrated laws such as “metaverse criminal law” are needed. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically respond to cyber crimes scattered in the current specialized law area. The Metaverse Criminal Law is a special criminal law in form, but in practice, it will be a basic law for cybercrime. The work can no longer be delayed. From now on, the National Assembly, the government, academia, and working circles should have fierce discussions to establish a “meraverse criminal law system” that fits the new era.
A Study on the Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights: The Right to a Fair Trial: Focusing on the European Court of Human Rights' Case on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Lee Hyeong Seok
Published: August 2022

The European Convention on Human Rights is a document that guarantees human rights by limiting the scope to Europe. In the Convention on Human Rights, various human rights are derived and guaranteed by the interpretation of the European Court of Human Rights as well as human rights under the Convention. Among the human rights guaranteed by the Human Rights Convention, there is a right to trial. The right to a trial is the right to a fair trial, the right to a trial within a reasonable period of Consisted. Recently, as movement between countries has become easier, the right to a trial has become an issue not only in domestic judicial procedures but also in the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. The basic purpose of the right to a trial is to obtain relief from the right through a fair and expeditious trial in an independent court for those who want to settle personal disputes and disputes between innocence and innocence of those charged with criminal trials through judicial procedures. The right to receive such a trial has the character of a subjective right, but it can be seen that the state's discretion is wide due to the nature of the state power called judicial power. Due to the nature of the state power of judicial power, there is also a wide room for the discretion of the state. The European Court of Human Rights interprets the right to a trial under the Human Rights Convention more broadly, and recognizes the right to the recognition and execution of foreign judgments as precedents. In this paper, the meaning of the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments, which have been formed by the precedents of the European Court of Human Rights, and the guarantee procedures and limitations in contracting countries are to be reviewed.
The Criminal Liability in the Case where the Transferor of the Nominated Claim has Received and Consumed Reimbursement before the Notice of Transfer
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Yun Sohyun , Lee Changwon
Published: August 2022

The court have acknowledged that if the transferor of bond received and consumed money, which is a reimbursement, from the debtor before the notification of transfer, the transferee has the ownership of the money and the transferor in the custody of the money and the transferor is guilty of the embezzlement, but lately denied all of it in this case.
The majority opinion discussed whether to apply the ownership of money under criminal law, which is different from that under civil law. But, in this case, even if the reimbursement is not money, ownership belongs to the transferor, so it is reasonable to assume that ownership belongs to the transferor without discussing the concept of ownership of money under civil law.
Recently, the court, distinguishing between the main benefit obligations and incidental obligations in the contract, recognized the breach of trust only in the case of non-fufillment of the main obligations. The majority in the case denied the breach of trust, adopting that theory. However, the court recognizes the storage duty under the principle of good faith in the case of embezzlement, and admitted that duty even in the case of a mistaken remittance, which is the case of no duty under the principle of good faith in the civil law because there is no transaction relationship at all. However, even in the civil law, in the case of subsidiary obligations recognized under the principle of good faith, they are not recognized as storage obligations under the Criminal Act. All of this goes against the unity of the legal system and the trust of the parties.
In the case of additional obligations under the principle of good faith, which is recognized under civil law, it is considerable to recognize the obligation in the case of embezzlement or breach of trust in light of legal relations and the will of the parties of the case. That theory should be adopted in this case. However, since the ownership of the reimbursement product of the bond transferee is not recognized, it is quite considered as a breach of trust.
Face Threatening Act and Gender Bias in Manggarain Marriage Proposal, Indonesia
Authors: Darong Hieronimus Canggung , Niman Erna , Jem Yosefina Helenora
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to describe and analyze the spokesmen's politeness strategies and gender bias in their utterances when making a marriage proposal in Manggarai, Indonesia. This study was under the philosophy of interpretivism with the employment of descriptive qualitative design. Six spokesmen in three different marriage proposals were the main source of data. Since the researchers were participant observers, relevant data notes were taken.  To support the observation data, the researchers conducted interviews and documentation studies. Dwelling pragmatic theory, the obtained data were analyzed through some stages: data reduction, data display, and drawing a conclusion. It is discovered that on record without redressive consisting of positive and negative type is predominantly used as a strategy followed by redressive and off the record. In addition, gender bias was found in the use of the figurative language of metaphor, simile, and symbolism in the spokesmen’s utterances. In order to have effective and meaningful interpersonal relationships and communication, it is, therefore, crucial that we understand what to say and how to say it.
Modeling Long-term Variability in Stellar-compact Object Binary Systems for Mass Determinations
Authors: Sorabella Nicholas M. , Bhattacharya Sayantan , Laycock Silas G. T. , Christodoulou Dimitris M. , Massarotti Alessandro
Published: August 2022

This work models the effects of gravitational lensing, Doppler boosting, and ellipsoidal variations on eccentric eclipsing binary-system light curves. This is accomplished using a Newtonian orbital-motion code that simulates the orbital velocities and separation of the binary components as a function of time. Improving on previous literature, we examine the effects of orbital eccentricity and period, as well as stellar limb darkening on the expected light curves. Whether lensing, Doppler boosting, or ellipsoidal variation is dominant in the light curves is a function of the separation between the binary components; thus, the combination of all three effects allows for a unique mass-determination method that greatly expands the parameter space for the discovery of compact objects. This suggests the exciting possibility of revealing a large population of nonaccreting compact objects in galactic binary systems. At the same time, the model can be used on systems exhibiting any subset of these effects. In a case study, we fit our model to optical data from the ellipsoidal variable binary system Cygnus X-1, and we compare our determinations with those previously found by different modeling techniques.
A Multi-epoch, Multiwavelength Study of the Classical FUor V1515 Cyg Approaching Quiescence
Authors: Szabó Zs. M. , Kóspál Á. , Ábrahám P. , Park S. , Siwak M. , Green J. D. , Pál A. , Acosta-Pulido J. A. , Lee J.-E. , Ibrahimov M. , Grankin K. , Kovács B. , Bora Zs. , Bódi A. , Cseh B. , Csörnyei G. , Dróżdż Marek , Hanyecz O. , Ignácz B. , Kalup Cs. , Könyves-Tóth R. , Krezinger M. , Kriskovics L. , Ogłoza Waldemar , Ordasi A. , Sárneczky K. , Seli B. , Szakáts R. , Sódor Á. , Szing A. , Vida K. , Vinkó J.
Published: August 2022

Historically, FU Orionis-type stars are low-mass, pre-main-sequence stars. The members of this class experience powerful accretion outbursts and remain in an enhanced accretion state for decades or centuries. V1515 Cyg, a classical FUor, started brightening in the 1940s and reached its peak brightness in the late 1970s. Following a sudden decrease in brightness, it stayed in a minimum state for a few months, then started brightening for several years. We present the results of our ground-based photometric monitoring complemented with optical/near-infrared spectroscopic monitoring. Our light curves show a long-term fading with strong variability on weekly and monthly timescales. The optical spectra show P Cygni profiles and broad blueshifted absorption lines, common properties of FUors. However, V1515 Cyg lacks the P Cygni profile in the Ca ii 8498 Å line, a part of the Ca infrared triplet, formed by an outflowing wind, suggesting that the absorbing gas in the wind is optically thin. The newly obtained near-infrared spectrum shows the strengthening of the CO bandhead and the FeH molecular band, indicating that the disk has become cooler since the last spectroscopic observation in 2015. The current luminosity of the accretion disk dropped from the peak value of 138 L
⊙ to about 45 L
⊙, suggesting that the long-term fading is also partly caused by the dropping of the accretion rate.