bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semiotics of ideocriticism: Four strategies of modeling
Authors: Taha Ibrahim
Published: January 2017

The primary aim of the present paper is to examine the interrelations between definite ideologies and literature, more precisely the ways established ideologies are modeled in literature. The article therefore tries to examine two interwoven systems of signs: ideology as a semiotic system per se and the ideology within the literature; each has its own logical semiotics. For instance, on one side the ideology of feminism, or ecology, has two strategies of modeling: destructive (the actual) and constructive (the idealized), and like every ideology it has to map the independent borders of each strategy. On the other hand literature makes every effort to blur the bold distinctive borders of these strategies by means of artistic tools. That is, literature remodels the model of ideology. One mission of the reader is to try to reconstruct each model and see the interaction between them. Without doubt, the two models affect each other in a way that influences the final representation. Semiotics has not concerned itself with feminist values per se, but with the way they act semiotically.
Gendering the nation: A case study on the postage stamps of Cyprus
Authors: Andreou Sonia , Stylianou Stephanie , Zantides Evripides
Published: January 2017

The current study addresses the gender roles and the stereotypes produced in the context of Cypriot society, through their representations on postage stamps produced by the Republic of Cyprus from 1960 to 2013. The theoretical framework employed derives from relevant theories on social roles’ divisions based on gender, as well as the way these roles and stereotypes are expressed through images. The corpus has been analyzed by means of content analysis and semiotic analysis was employed in order to explore how the theoretical framework complies with selected stamps from the content analysis in respect of non-verbal signs. According to the findings, the role of women on stamp representations seems to be secondary and tied with emotional qualities, while men seem to hold a more prominent position in the society. This fact is reflected both on the quantity of stamps representing each gender in the respective thematic categories, as well as, on the selected stamps studied with semiotic analysis. Nonetheless, there have been strong indications that the social roles of genders and therefore stereotypes have started changing as the society progresses through the years. This process however, does not seem apparent on the imagery used for the stamps of the Republic of Cyprus.
Globalization and its determinative influence upon the humanities: A semiotic/hermeneutic diagnosis
Authors: Li Youzheng
Published: January 2017

Globalization is the global expansion of economic-cultural capitalism. The term “capitalism” today may mainly refer to the special economic mode shared by most countries regardless of their different political systems. The original essence of capitalism lies in the self-profit motive and commercial activities. Globalization makes this essence also penetrated into all aspects of society, culture and academia resulting in the systematically weakening of the scientific character of the humanities. The latter should be advanced to human sciences in order to be capable of balancing the cultural materialism caused by globalization. For carrying out this scientific task a subjective ethics is requested to form a minority of theoretical volunteers devoted to this revolutionary mission for reorganizing the humanities. The paper asserts that a multi-dimensional causal relationship exists between the materialist-globalization, renovation of the humanities, and subjective ethics.
Spectatorship as a play on moral ambiguities: Neuro-evolutionary semiotic approach to lowly arousal emotions
Authors: Chien Jui-Pi
Published: January 2017

This study seeks to outline a neuro-evolutionary semiotic model for our perception and interpretation of moral ambiguities in the wake of neuroaesthetics. This model is actually an integration of the Saussurean network of differences and the recently discovered default mode network: it serves on the one hand to rectify automatic responses generated by the mirror system in real-life situations, and on the other, to expand the applicability of the sign system for our appreciation of eerie or scary details found in the arts. Such a framework functions not only to blur binary oppositions set between high and lowly arousal emotions, but also to enhance our skills and confidence in dealing with uncertainties and oddities found in the arts. As opposed to experimental schemes devised in neuroaesthetics, which quantify our instant ratings of specific audial and visual inputs, the neuro-evolutionary model allows us some freedom and flexibility to re-evaluate our perceptions of motives concealed in characters’ behaviors. This study therefore enlarges on a qualitative approach to conceptualizing spectatorship in the world of art. We as intelligent and self-governing spectators should manage to align with odd characters’ positions so as to regain meaning, understanding, and harmony from our dealings. By way of comparing and contrasting two film characters’ dealings with valuable paintings and endearing families, the author argues for the fruitful functioning of the neuro-evolutionary sign system in revising our biases against seemingly immoral characters. It is observed that the sign system is characterized with the capacity of multiplying meaningful connections between characters’ motives, choices, and actions. It enables us to sort out and to appreciate strings of actions that enlarge on characters’ persistence and consistence of achieving certain goals. All in all, our choice of engaging with the daunting and the disconcerting fosters not only our pleasure and intelligence of viewing, but also the survival of odd characters in our community.
Greimas et la linguistique, la poétique et la sémiotique au quotidien, d’après sa correspondance inédite avec Michel Arrivé
Authors: Arrivé Michel
Published: January 2017

Michel Arrivé donne une édition annotée des lettres que Greimas lui a adressées de 1964 à 1987. Ces lettres fournissent des informations peu connues (et parfois totalement inconnues) sur les nombreuses activités menées par Greimas pendant cette période importante de l’histoire de la linguistique et de la sémiotique : travaux de grammaire française, publication de Sémantique structurale, mise en place et réalisation des Essais de sémiotique poétique, publiés en 1972, etc. Elles permettent aussi d’entrevoir quelques aspects de la personnalité de Greimas : il se révèle constamment énergique, à la fois passionné et optimiste, plus rarement découragé, mais pour quelques instants seulement, par des attaques injustifiées. Les lecteurs attentifs porteront également attention au style de ses lettres, qui réussit l’exploit oxymorique de paraître à la fois spontané et surveillé.
Resistance Distances and Kirchhoff Index in Generalised Join Graphs
Authors: Chen Haiyan
Published: January 2017

The resistance distance between any two vertices of a connected graph is defined as the effective resistance between them in the electrical network constructed from the graph by replacing each edge with a unit resistor. The Kirchhoff index of a graph is defined as the sum of all the resistance distances between any pair of vertices of the graph. Let G=H[G
1, G
2, …, G

k
] be the generalised join graph of G
1, G
2, …, G

k
determined by H. In this paper, we first give formulae for resistance distances and Kirchhoff index of G in terms of parameters of

G
′

i

s

${G'_i}s$

and H. Then, we show that computing resistance distances and Kirchhoff index of G can be decomposed into simpler ones. Finally, we obtain explicit formulae for resistance distances and Kirchhoff index of G when

G
′

i

s

${G'_i}s$

and H take some special graphs, such as the complete graph, the path, and the cycle.
Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer under Temperature Gradients and Conductive Transfer
Authors: Jin Weiliang , Messina Riccardo , Rodriguez Alejandro W.
Published: January 2017

We describe a recently developed formulation of coupled conductive and radiative heat transfer (RHT) between objects separated by nanometric, vacuum gaps. Our results rely on analytical formulas of RHT between planar slabs (based on the scattering-matrix method) as well as a general formulation of RHT between arbitrarily shaped bodies (based on the fluctuating–volume current method), which fully captures the existence of temperature inhomogeneities. In particular, the impact of RHT on conduction, and vice versa, is obtained via self-consistent solutions of the Fourier heat equation and Maxwell’s equations. We show that in materials with low thermal conductivities (e.g. zinc oxides and glasses), the interplay of conduction and RHT can strongly modify heat exchange, exemplified for instance by the presence of large temperature gradients and saturating flux rates at short (nanometric) distances. More generally, we show that the ability to tailor the temperature distribution of an object can modify the behaviour of RHT with respect to gap separations, e.g. qualitatively changing the asymptotic scaling at short separations from quadratic to linear or logarithmic. Our results could be relevant to the interpretation of both past and future experimental measurements of RHT at nanometric distances.
Study of Caking of Powders Using NQR Relaxometry with Inversion of the Laplace Transform
Authors: Sinyavsky N.Ya.
Published: January 2017

For the first time, it has been proposed to study the processes of caking nonmetallic powders containing quadrupole nuclei using the distribution of the spin–lattice and spin–spin relaxation times in NQR. The results of experimental studies of the effect of caking samples on the distributions of relaxation times of T
1 and T
2 for the 14N NQR in powders of NaNO2 and C6H12N4 are presented.
Two isostructural fluorinated metal-organic frameworks with rare rod-packing architecture: syntheses, structures and luminescent properties
Authors: Chen Sheng-Chun , Tian Feng , He Ming-Yang , Chen Qun
Published: January 2017

Two isostructural fluorinated metal-organic frameworks, formulated as [M
2(Fbix)(1,4-NDC)2]
n
(M=Cd for 1 and Mn for 2), were synthesized by employing 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (1,4-H2NDC) and the flexible fluorinated ligand 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-bis(imidazole-1-yl-methyl)benzene (Fbix) under hydrothermal conditions. Their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further characterized by infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses. Structure analyses have revealed that compounds 1 and 2 show an unusual hex net based on infinite rod-shaped secondary building units. The solid-state fluorescence spectra of 1 and 2 were measured and indicate a ligand-based emission for both complexes.
Telemedicine: Its Importance in Cardiology Practice. Experience in Chile
Authors: Escobar Edgardo , Akel Carlos
Published: January 2017

There is a growing need worldwide to take medical care to distant locations far from the main urban centers, particularly to rural areas. Furthermore, there is the ethical imperative to provide equal access to medical care to all patients, regardless of their place of residence, so as to satisfy an increasingly demanding population. A widespread problem, from which cardiology is not excepted, is the insufficient number of specialists and their uneven distribution. The upsurge in information and communications technology has made available a large collection of tools, mainly computers, smartphones, e-mail, and the Internet, to name just a few, to meet the needs of communication between individuals and organizations. This article defines telemedicine and describes its application in the practice of cardiology and its impact in Chile.
Experimental Design and Data Analysis Issues Contribute to Inconsistent Results of C-Bouton Changes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Dukkipati S. Shekar , Chihi Aouatef , Wang Yiwen , Elbasiouny Sherif M.
Published: January 2017

The possible presence of pathological changes in cholinergic synaptic inputs [cholinergic boutons (C-boutons)] is a contentious topic within the ALS field. Conflicting data reported on this issue makes it difficult to assess the roles of these synaptic inputs in ALS. Our objective was to determine whether the reported changes are truly statistically and biologically significant and why replication is problematic. This is an urgent question, as C-boutons are an important regulator of spinal motoneuron excitability, and pathological changes in motoneuron excitability are present throughout disease progression. Using male mice of theSOD1-G93Ahigh-expresser transgenic (G93A) mouse model of ALS, we examined C-boutons on spinal motoneurons. We performed histological analysis at high statistical power, which showed no difference in C-bouton size inG93Aversus wild-type motoneurons throughout disease progression. In an attempt to examine the underlying reasons for our failure to replicate reported changes, we performed further histological analyses using several variations on experimental design and data analysis that were reported in the ALS literature. This analysis showed that factors related to experimental design, such as grouping unit, sampling strategy, and blinding status, potentially contribute to the discrepancy in published data on C-bouton size changes. Next, we systematically analyzed the impact of study design variability and potential bias on reported results from experimental and preclinical studies of ALS. Strikingly, we found that practices such as blinding and power analysis are not systematically reported in the ALS field. Protocols to standardize experimental design and minimize bias are thus critical to advancing the ALS field.
TEKNIK PENGENDALIAN PARASIT EKSTERNAL PADA PEMELIHARAAN INDUK IKAN COBIA, Rachycentron canadum
Authors: Romdlianto Muslim , Haryanto Slamet
Published: January 2017

Ikan cobia, Rachycentron canadum merupakan salah satu spesies ikan subtropis dan tropis yang mempunyai pertumbuhan sangat cepat dibandingkan jenis ikan lainnya. Dalam upaya domestikasi induk ikan cobia dalam bak secara terkontrol di hatcheri, banyak sekali mengalami kendala, di antaranya ikan cobia sangat peka dengan perubahan lingkungan. Selain itu, ikan cobia sangat mudah sekali terinfeksi parasit eksternal yang menyebabkan ikan luka-luka, borok, buta, dan mati. Di hatcheri Balai Besar Riset Perikanan Budidaya Laut, Gondol parasit eksternal yang menginfeksi ikan cobia telah diidentifikasi yaitu Cryptocarion irritans dan Neobedenia sp. Upaya pengendalian parasit eksternal tersebut telah dilakukan dengan cara pemutusan siklus hidup parasit, di treatment dengan air tawar dan anti parasit. Teknik pengendalian parasit eksternal yang telah dilakukan mampu untuk mengurangi infeksi parasit pada ikan cobia dalam masa domestikasi.
PENGAMATAN PARAMETER HEMATOLOGIS PADA IKAN MAS YANG DIBERI IMMUNOSTIMULAN
Authors: Zainun Zakki
Published: January 2017

Darah mempunyai peran fisiologis penting pada ikan, penyimpangan hematologis dan respon kebal ikan mencirikan terjadinya perubahan status kesehatan ikan dari kondisi normal menjadi abnormal. Perubahan gambaran darah dapat menentukan kondisi ikan atau status kesehatannya. Pengamatan parameter darah dilakukan pada ikan mas yang telah diberi imunostimulan dan kontrol. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 7, 14, 21, dan 28. Parameter yang diamati adalah indeks fagositik, total leukosit, dan hematokrit. Hasil pengamatan indeks fagositik menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kekebalan tubuh pada perlakuan, dengan indeks fagositik berkisar 10,33%—29,77% dibandingkan kontrol dengan kisaran 9,667%—20,331%. Kisaran total leukosit pada perlakuan sebesar 21.966,7-49.800 sel/mm3 sedangkan perlakuan kontrol berkisar 22.100—26.816,67 sel/mm3. Adapun nilai hematokrit pada perlakuan (A) masih dalam keadaan normal yaitu antara 27,37%—41,4% dan pada kontrol (B) 27,23%—39,63%.
ANALISIS PROKSIMAT RUMPUT LAUT PRODUKSI DARI BEBERAPA LOKASI DI INDONESIA TIMUR
Authors: Yulianingsih Reni , Tamzil Tamzil
Published: January 2017

Permintaan produksi rumput laut terus meningkat untuk kebutuhan manusia, sehingga komoditas ini cukup prospek untuk dikembangkan bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir. Tulisan ini membahas tentang kualitas produksi rumput laut dari beberapa lokasi perairan di Indonesia Timur berdasarkan hasil proksimat. Proksimat analisis rumput laut yang meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, dan kadar serat kasar. Rumput laut yang dianalisis jenis Kappaphycus alvarezii varietas warna hijau dan varietas warna coklat. Hasil analisis proksimat contoh rumput laut yang dibudidayakan selama satu siklus pemeliharaan dilakukan tiga kali pengamatan (15, 30, dan 45 hari). Rumput laut warna coklat dan hijau dari Jeneponto kandungan protein berturut-turut sesuai waktu pengamatan adalah 11,94%; 14,02%; 6,38% dan 12,58%; 12,21%; 2,75%, sedangkan dari Pinrang yang warna coklat dan hijau kandungan protein masing-masing 9,67%; 5,92%; 4,69% dan 5,80%; 5,43%; 6,54%.
UJI VALIDASI pada Analisis Formalin Menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis
Authors: Dolaria Nanik , Manik Helena
Published: January 2017

Uji ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui reabilitas dan limit deteksi analisis kuantitatif formalin pada spektrofotometer UV-VIS menggunakan pereaksi Nash. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa grafik standar formalin pada konsentrasi 0,75; 1,5; 3; 6,25; dan 12,5 mg/L membentuk garis regresi linear yang baik dengan nilai R2 0,9943. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, analisis limit deteksi yang didasarkan pada rumusan validasi menunjukkan bahwa limit deteksi kuantifikasi instrumentasi spektrofotometer UV-VIS pada analisis kuantitatif formalin adalah sebesar 1,041 mg/L, sedangkan limit deteksi kuantifikasi yang didasarkan pada metode pereaksi Nash adalah sebesar 1,634 mg/L. Berdasarkan batas standar deviasi relatif (RSD) pada proses validasi sistem instrumentasi sebesar 2%, maka limit deteksi kuantifikasi spektrofotometer UV-VIS pada analisis formalin adalah sebesar 0,429 mg/L. Dari hasil tersebut direkomendasikan limit deteksi analisis kuantitatif formalin menggunakan metode pereaksi Nash pada spektrofotometer UV-VIS didasarkan pada batas standar % RSD sebesar 0,429 mg/L.
Impactos do controle do preço da gasolina sobre o etanol biocombustível no Brasil
Authors: Costa Cinthia Cabral da ,   Embrapa Instrumentação,  Brazil, Burnquist Heloisa Lee ,   USP,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo Este trabalho estimou os efeitos do controle de preço da gasolina A sobre os preços do etanol hidratado e da gasolina C no Brasil. Para isto, foram estimados os preços que teriam prevalecido sem a intervenção. Os resultados mostram que a intervenção do governo no preço da gasolina beneficiou a produção do etanol hidratado por manter seu preço 9% acima do que poderia ter ocorrido, em média, no período 2006 a 2010. No período 2011 a 2014, a intervenção governamental reduziu o preço da gasolina, afetando negativamente o preço do etanol hidratado (7% abaixo do preço estimado) e sua produção, além da saúde financeira da empresa estatal ofertante de gasolina A. Em 2015, o governo restringiu a internalização de reduções no preço internacional da gasolina, mantendo o preço doméstico 7% acima do esperado, e prejudicando a competitividade de setores da economia brasileira demandantes de combustível fóssil como insumo de produção.
Os efeitos da criação de leis de meia entrada para estudantes sobre o consumo de bens e serviços culturais no Brasil
Authors: Wink Junior Marcos Vinicio ,   Fundação de Economia e Estatística,  Brasil, Ribeiro Felipe Garcia , Florissi Stefano , Zuanazzi Pedro Tonon ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas,  Brazil,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,  Brazil,   Fundação de Economia e Estatística,  Brasil
Published: January 2017

Resumo Este trabalho estima os efeitos da implementação de leis de meia entrada sobre o consumo de bens e serviços culturais dos estudantes brasileiros, utilizando as amostras coletadas para todas as regiões metropolitanas pelas Pesquisas de Orçamento Familiar (POF), realizadas em 1987/88, 1995/96, 2002/03 e 2008/09. Avaliam-se os efeitos das leis tanto sobre a proporção de estudantes consumidores de cultura, quanto sobre os gastos dos estudantes com esse tipo de serviço. Para estimar a possível relação causal existente, exploram-se as diferentes datas de criação das leis da meia entrada entre os estados brasileiros, utilizando-se as metodologias de Diferenças-em-Diferenças (DD) e Diferenças Triplas (DDD). Os resultados encontrados no presente trabalho sugerem que as leis de meia entrada tiveram impactos positivos tanto em termos de aumento na probabilidade de os estudantes consumirem bens e serviços culturais, quanto em elevar seus gastos com cultura.
A GOVERNANÇA EM REDE NA REGULAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA MINEIRA: QUEM GOVERNA O QUÊ?
Authors: Tripodi Zara Figueiredo ,   Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto,  Brazil, Sousa Sandra Zákia ,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

RESUMO: O propósito deste texto é examinar a lógica da governança em rede que vem sendo tecida nas políticas educacionais em Minas Gerais, no âmbito da educação básica, em decorrência da intensificação do uso de mecanismos gerenciais utilizados nas reformas estatais. Tomam-se como referência resultados de pesquisa documental que examinou o processo de instituição da agenda contratual na educação mineira e o seu aprofundamento com a abordagem do "Estado em Rede", abrangendo o período de 2003 a 2014. As evidências encontradas indicam que as modificações ocorridas, principalmente com a introdução da figura das Organizações da Sociedade Civil de Interesse Púbico (OSCIPs), concorreram para uma alteração na forma de atuação do Estado, relativamente à educação básica, reordenando o seu papel, que passa a ser de regulador da regulação, caracterizando, assim, uma "metagovernança". Conclui-se apontando tensões que a abordagem em rede traz para a concretização de valores públicos como igualdade e cidadania.
INFLUENCE OF TOBACCO, ALCOHOL AND DIABETES ON THE COLLAGEN OF CREMASTER MUSCLE IN PATIENTS WITH INGUINAL HERNIAS
Authors: MÓDENA Sérgio Ferreira ,   Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí, Brazil, CALDEIRA Eduardo José , PERES Marco Antonio O , ANDREOLLO Nelson Adami ,   Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí, Brazil,   State University of Campinas, Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Background: New findings point out that the mechanism of formation of the hernias can be related to the collagenous tissues, under activity of aggressive agents such as the tobacco, alcohol and diabetes. Aim: To analyze the collagen present in the cremaster muscle in patients with inguinal hernias, focusing the effect of tobacco, alcohol, and diabetes. Methods: Fifteen patients with inguinal hernia divided in three groups were studied: group I (n=5) was control; group II (n=5) were smokers and/or drinkers; and group III (n=5) had diabetes mellitus. All subjects were underwent to surgical repair of the inguinal hernias obeying the same pre, intra and postoperative conditions. During surgery, samples of the cremaster muscle were collected for analysis in polarized light microscopy, collagen morphometry and protein. Results: The area occupied by the connective tissue was higher in groups II and III (p<0.05). The collagen tissue occupied the majority of the samples analyzed in comparison to the area occupied by muscle cells. The content of total protein was higher in groups II and III compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The tobacco, alcohol and diabetes cause a remodel the cremaster muscle, leading to a loss of support or structural change in this region, which may enhance the occurrences and damage related to inguinal hernias.
EXPRESSION OF E-CADHERIN AND WNT PATHWAY PROTEINS BETACATENIN, APC, TCF-4 AND SURVIVIN IN GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA: CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL IMPLICATION
Authors: LINS Rodrigo Rego ,   Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil, OSHIMA Celina Tizuko Fujiyama , OLIVEIRA Levindo Alves de , SILVA Marcelo Souza , MADER Ana Maria Amaral Antonio , WAISBERG Jaques ,   UNIFESP, Brazil,   ABC Medical School, Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.It has been reported that Wnt/ betacatenin pathway is activated in 30-50% of these tumors. However,the deregulation of this pathway has not been fully elucidated. Aim: To determine the expression of E-cadherin, betacatenin, APC, TCF-4 and survivin proteins in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and correlate with clinical and pathological parameters. Method: Seventy-one patients with gastric adenocarcinoma undergoing gastrectomy were enrolled. The expression of E-cadherin, betacatenin, APC, TCF-4 and survivin proteins was detected by immunohistochemistryand related to the clinical and pathological parameters. Results: The expression rates of E-cadherin in the membrane was 3%; betacatenin in the cytoplasm and nucleus were 23,4% and 3,1% respectively; APC in the cytoplasm was 94,6%; TCF-4 in the nucleus was 19,4%; and survivin in the nucleus 93,9%. The expression rate of E-cadherin was correlated with older patients (p=0,007), while betacatenin with tumors <5 cm (p=0,041) and APC with proximal tumors (p=0,047). Moreover, the expression of TCF-4 was significantly higher in the diffuse type (p=0,017) and T4 tumors (p=0,002). Conclusion: The Wnt/betacatenin is not involved in gastric carcinogenesis. However, the high frequency of survivin allows to suggest that other signaling pathways must be involved in the transformation of gastric tissue.
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION FOR CARCINOMA HEPATOCELLULAR IN SÃO PAULO: 414 CASES BY THE MILAN/BRAZIL CRITERIA
Authors: SÁ Gustavo Pilotto D. ,   Federal University of São Paulo,  Brazil, VICENTINE Fernando P. P. , SALZEDAS-NETTO Alcides A. , MATOS Carla Adriana Loureiro de , ROMERO Luiz R. , TEJADA Dario F. P. , MASSAROLLO Paulo Celso Bosco , LOPES-FILHO Gaspar J. , GONZALEZ Adriano M. ,   Federal University of São Paulo,  Brazil,   University of São Paulo,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Background: The criterion of Milan (CM) has been used as standard for indication of liver transplantation (LTx) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide for nearly 20 years. Several centers have adopted criteria expanded in order to increase the number of patients eligible to liver transplantation, while maintaining good survival rates. In Brazil, since 2006, the criterion of Milan/Brazil (CMB), which disregards nodules <2 cm, is adopted, including patients with a higher number of small nodules. Aim: To evaluate the outcome of liver transplantation within the CMB. Methods: The medical records of patients with HCC undergoing liver transplantation in relation to recurrence and survival by comparing CM and CMB, were analyzed. Results: 414 LTx for HCC, the survival at 1 and 5 years was 84.1 and 72.7%. Of these, 7% reached the CMB through downstaging, with survival at 1 and 5 years of 93.1 and 71.9%. The CMB patient group that exceeded the CM (8.6%) had a survival rate of 58.1% at five years. There was no statistical difference in survival between the groups CM, CMB and downstaging. Vascular invasion (p<0.001), higher nodule size (p=0.001) and number of nodules >2 cm (p=0.028) were associated with relapse. The age (p=0.001), female (p<0.001), real MELD (p<0.001), vascular invasion (p=0.045) and number of nodes >2 cm (p<0.014) were associated with worse survival. Conclusions: CMB increased by 8.6% indications of liver transplantation, and showed survival rates similar to CM.
DIETARY MANAGEMENT FOR DYSLIPIDEMIA IN LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS
Authors: PINTO Andressa S. ,   Postgraduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Brazil, CHEDID Marcio F. , GUERRA Léa T. , CABELEIRA Daiane D. , KRUEL Cleber D. P. ,   Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Brazil,   Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Dyslipidemia occurs in approximately 70% of all liver transplant (LT) recipients, and no prior control studies have demonstrated any dietary intervention to change it. Aim: To analyze the effects of a dietary intervention on the lipid profile of dyslipidemic LT recipients. Methods: All LT recipients with dyslipidemia on clinical follow-up were enrolled. Anthropometric evaluation, food history, body composition (bioimpedance) and assessment of basal metabolism through indirect calorimetry were performed. Patients met with a dietitian and an individualized diet based on estimate of basal metabolism and consisting of 25% of the total energy value in total fat and <200 mg/day of cholesterol was prescribed. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL), LDL-cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and anthropometric measures were measured at baseline and six months after intervention. Results: Fifty-thee out of 56 patients concluded follow-up; age was 59±10 years; 29 were men (51.8%). The analysis pre- and post-intervention were, respectively: TC 238.9±30 and 165.1±35, p<0.001; LDL 154±33 and 90±29, p<0.001; and TG 168 (IQR=51-200) and 137 (IQR=94-177), p=<0.001. They were all modified at six months following intervention. At baseline, none of the patients had normal TC, and only 12 (22.7%) had optimal/near optimal LDL. Following dietary intervention, 45 patients (84.9%) reached normal TC and 50 (94.4%) had optimal/near optimal LDL. HDL and anthropometric measures were not modified. Conclusions: Dietary counseling with prescription of individualized diet based on estimate of basal metabolism through indirect calorimetry was able to manage dyslipidemia in most LT recipients; so, all dyslipidemic LT recipients must be enrolled on a dietary program.
CORRELATION BETWEEN PRE AND POSTOPERATIVE LEVELS OF GLP-1/GLP-2 AND WEIGHT LOSS AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: CAZZO Everton ,   Department of Surgery,  Brazil, GESTIC Martinho Antonio , UTRINI Murillo Pimentel , PAREJA José Carlos , CHAIM Elinton Adami , GELONEZE Bruno , BARRETO Maria Rita Lazzarini , MAGRO Daniéla Oliveira ,   State University of Campinas,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Background: The role of gut hormones in glucose homeostasis and weight loss achievement and maintenance after bariatric surgery appears to be a key point in the understanding of the beneficial effects observed following these procedures. Aim: To determine whether there is a correlation between the pre and postoperative levels of both GLP-1 and GLP-2 and the excess weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Methods: An exploratory prospective study which enrolled 11 individuals who underwent RYGB and were followed-up for 12 months. GLP-1 and GLP-2 after standard meal tolerance test (MTT) were determined before and after surgery and then correlated with the percentage of excess loss (%EWL). Results: GLP-2 AUC presented a significant postoperative increase (945.3±449.1 vs.1787.9±602.7; p=0.0037); GLP-1 AUC presented a non-significant trend towards increase after RYGB (709.6±320.4 vs. 1026.5±714.3; p=0.3808). Mean %EWL was 66.7±12.2%. There was not any significant correlation between both the pre and postoperative GLP-1 AUCs and GLP-2 AUCs and the %EWL achieved after one year. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the pre and postoperative levels of the areas under the GLP-1 and GLP-2 curves with the percentage of weight loss reached after one year.
SEDATION IN COLONOSCOPY BY USING THREE DIFFERENT PROPOFOL INFUSION METHODS AND ANALYSIS OF PLASMA CONCENTRATION LEVELS: A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: CARVALHO Paulo Henrique Boaventura de ,   Anesthesiology Division,  Brazil, OTOCH José Pinhata , KHAN Mohamad Ali , SAKAI Paulo , GUEDES Hugo Gonçalo , ARTIFON Everson Luiz de Almeida ,   Department of Surgery,  Brazil,   University of São Paulo,  Brazil,   University of Tennessee,  USA
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Background: The propofolemia becomes directly linked to the clinical effects of this anesthetic and is the focus for studies comparing propofol clinical use, in different administration methods routinely used in endoscopy units where sedation is widely administered to patients. Aim: To evaluate the effects of three different regimens of intravenous propofol infusion in colonoscopies. Methods: A total of 50 patients that underwent colonoscopies were consecutively assigned to three groups: 1) intermittent bolus infusion; 2) continuous manually controlled infusion; 3) continuous automatic infusion. Patients were monitored with Bispectral IndexTM (BIS) and propofol serum levels were collected at three different timepoints. The development of an original dilution of propofol and an inventive capnography catheter were necessary. Results: Regarding clinical outcomes, statistical differences in agitation (higher in group 1, p=0.001) and initial blood pressure (p=0.008) were found. As for propofol serum levels, findings were similar in consumption per minute (p=0.748) and over time (p=0.830). In terms of cost analysis, group 1 cost was R$7.00 (approximately US$2,25); group2, R$17.50 (approximately US$5,64); and group 3, R$112.70 (approximately US$36,35, p<0.001). Capnography was able to predict 100% of the oxygen saturation drop (below 90%). Conclusion: The use of propofol bolus administration for colonoscopies, through continuous manually controlled infusion or automatic infusion are similar regarding propofolemia and the clinical outcomes evaluated. The use of an innovative capnography catheter is liable and low-cost solution for the early detection of airway obstruction.
TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION REGARDING PREBIOTICS AND PROBIOTICS NUTRITION VERSUS THE PATENT REGISTERS: WHAT IS NEW?
Authors: REIS José Maciel Caldas dos , PINHEIRO Maurício Fortuna , OTI André Takashi , FEITOSA-JUNIOR Denilson José Silva , PANTOJA Mauro de Souza , BARROS Rui Sérgio Monteiro
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Introduction: Food is a key factor both in prevention and in promoting human health. Among the functional food are highlighted probiotics and prebiotics. Patent databases are the main source of technological information about innovation worldwide, providing extensive library for research sector. Objective: Perform mapping in the main patent databases about pre and probiotics, seeking relevant information regarding the use of biotechnology, nanotechnology and genetic engineering in the production of these foods. Method: Electronic consultation was conducted (online) in the main public databases of patents in Brazil (INPI), United States (USPTO) and the European Patent Bank (EPO). The research involved the period from January 2014 to July 2015, being used in the title fields and summary of patents, the following descriptors in INPI "prebiotic", "prebiotic" "probiotics", "probiotic" and the USPTO and EPO: "prebiotic", "prebiotics", "probiotic", "probiotics". Results: This search haven't found any deposit at the brazilian patents website (INPI) in this period; US Patent &Trademark Office had registered 60 titles in patents and the European Patent Office (EPO) showed 10 documents on the issue. Conclusion: Information technology offered by genetic engineering, biotechnology and nanotechnology deposited in the form of titles and abstracts of patents in relation to early nutritional intervention as functional foods, has increasingly required to decrease the risks and control the progression of health problems. But, the existing summaries, although attractive and promising in this sense, are still incipient to recommend them safely as a therapeutic tool. Therefore, they should be seen more as diet elements and healthy lifestyles.
Qualidade Sinaes para o curso de pedagogia: padrão ou ilusão?
Authors: Souza Valdinei Costa ,   Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brasil
Published: January 2017

RESUMO Este artigo evidencia a qualidade parametrizada pelo Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (Sinaes) em seus instrumentos avaliativos e que é usada no processo de orientação da oferta dos cursos de pedagogia. A hipótese de investigação considerou que os resultados exarados pelo Sinaes se baseiam em critérios que não esclarecem o padrão de qualidade desejável para a oferta dos cursos em questão, contribuindo pouco para superar os desafios destacados pelos embates em torno das suas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Para testar essa hipótese, foram utilizados os dados presentes em uma amostra de fichas de avaliação de cursos in loco, bem como nos instrumentos e resultados avaliativos produzidos pelo Sinaes. A partir de uma perspectiva hermenêutica, a análise dos indicadores e parâmetros efetivamente utilizados pelo Sinaes para avaliar os cursos de pedagogia revelou um padrão de qualidade impreciso, delineando um perfil difuso do que é bom ou adequado para orientar a oferta desses cursos no Brasil.
Desafíos del modelo de práctica resonancia colaborativa en la formación inicial de docentes
Authors: Rodríguez Zidán Eduardo ,   Universidad ORT Uruguay, Uruguay, Grilli Javier ,   Administración Nacional de Educación Pública, Uruguay
Published: January 2017

RESUMEN En este artículo se analizan y comparan los dos modelos de práctica docente para formación de profesores de educación media implementados en Uruguay: el modelo histórico, basado en un trabajo individual con escasa supervisión pedagógica, y el modelo por resonancia colaborativa. El diseño de investigación fue mixto y de tipo concurrente articulando estrategias metodológicas cualitativas y cuantitativas. Se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra no probabilística de 197 casos (122 estudiantes practicantes de profesorado y 75 profesores de centros de práctica) y entrevistas en profundidad a 13 informantes calificados. Luego de revisar y comparar diferentes estudios internacionales y del análisis de evidencias recogidas, se concluye que el modelo denominado "resonancia colaborativa" es una alternativa eficaz para orientar cambios significativos en la formación práctica de los futuros docentes de educación media. La implementación de esta modalidad implica un importante desafío de gestión institucional pero es un paso importante en el largo camino de fortalecimiento de la calidad en la formación de profesores para la educación media.
Transição para o ensino superior: aspiração dos alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública
Authors: Braga Maria José ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil, Xavier Flavia Pereira
Published: January 2017

RESUMO O trabalho discute resultados de uma pesquisa que identifica e analisa projetos e aspirações de continuidade dos estudos de alunos do ensino médio de uma escola estadual da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Busca-se compreender as formas de presença da escola e da família na elaboração dos projetos de vida. A discussão se baseia nos dados coletados por meio de questionários autoaplicados dirigidos aos alunos. Foram realizados cruzamentos entre a variável resposta (se o aluno pretende cursar o ensino superior) e as variáveis relacionadas às características adscritivas dos alunos, à trajetória escolar, ao contexto familiar e escolar. A partir dos cruzamentos, foram selecionadas as variáveis que indicavam associação com a variável resposta e estimado um modelo de regressão logística que buscou analisar os fatores associados às aspirações dos alunos em cursar o ensino superior. Os achados indicaram que três características distinguem mais os alunos em termos de aspirações de continuidade de estudos: sexo, renda familiar e incentivo da família.
Individualismo y comunidad profesional en los establecimientos escolares en España: limitaciones y posibilidades
Authors: Bolívar Antonio ,   Universidad de Granada, Spain, Bolívar-Ruano Rosel
Published: January 2017

RESUMEN Cuando los profesionales comparten su saber hacer práctico sobre los aprendizajes de los estudiantes, como muestra la investigación, eso tiene un impacto en la calidad de la educación. No obstante, en los establecimientos escolares españoles domina una cultura de solipsismo docente, falta de trabajo en colaboración, como ha documentado la investigación y los informes internacionales (Teaching and Learning International Survey - TALIS). Para diagnosticar los grados de cultura de aprendizaje compartido hemos adaptado y validado uno de los mejores instrumentos existentes (el cuestionario Professional Learning Community Assessment-Revised - PLCA-R) y aplicado a una muestra representativa en Andalucía. Recogemos algunos de los resultados referidos a esta dimensión. Finalmente discutimos los resultados y señalamos implicaciones y líneas de acción para reconstruir las escuelas como comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje.
A revisão textual na perspectiva de professoras do ensino fundamental
Authors: Spinillo Alina Galvão ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,  Brazil, Correa Jane ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

RESUMO O presente artigo analisa as concepções de professoras do ensino fundamental acerca da revisão textual e as ações didáticas por elas realizadas em sala de aula, estabelecendo como este conhecimento se aproxima ou se distancia daquele descrito na literatura. Foram entrevistadas 15 professoras que discorreram acerca de como conceituam a revisão textual, sobre o que revisar, bem como sobre as situações didáticas e procedimentos adotados em sala de aula para que seus alunos revisem os textos que produzem. De maneira geral, as professoras possuem concepção sequencial e linear acerca da escrita e da revisão de texto. A revisão confunde-se, muitas vezes, com a correção de erros, voltando-se para a edição dos aspectos formais do texto. A prática de revisão mais frequentemente citada compreende a releitura do texto pela criança ao lado da professora. De forma geral, observa-se grande descompasso entre conceitos oriundos de pesquisas na área e a forma como as professoras entrevistadas pensam e realizam sua prática pedagógica quanto à revisão de texto.
Artigos como avaliação discente em disciplinas de pós-graduação: instrumento educativo ou subsistema de linha de montagem?
Authors: Bispo Marcelo de Souza ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Brazil, Costa Francisco José da
Published: January 2017

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a forma de avaliar discentes em disciplinas de programas de pós-graduação em administração stricto sensu. O texto procura evidenciar o risco de mau uso do processo de avaliação, por parte de alguns docentes, como um "subsistema de linha de montagem de artigos" que atende a interesses produtivistas, os quais se sobrepõem à missão de educar mestres e doutores de alto nível. Além da crítica, também busca apresentar algumas possibilidades de avaliação, bem como propor um debate sobre as melhores alternativas de um processo educativo na pós-graduação stricto sensu.
Ciência administrativa e gestão pública: uma crítica à primazia do privado em relação ao público
Authors: Silva Raphaela Reis Conceição Castro ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina,  Brazil, Mattia Clenia De
Published: January 2017

Resumo A gestão pública possui fortes influências da administração científica, sendo que diversos modelos aplicados no viés público tiveram sua origem no campo da administração. Entretanto, essa ciência foi desenvolvida em um contexto neoliberal que reforçou a busca pela máxima eficiência e lucro sob uma lógica estritamente instrumental. Esses aspectos levaram a diversas críticas, especialmente no tocante à incorporação de pensamentos e modelos teóricos à gestão pública. Este ensaio teórico busca tecer uma análise de tais aspectos, considerando ideias de diversos autores que discutem essa temática, a fim de contribuir com as discussões e apontar posicionamentos para enriquecer o debate.
Eu, Alex, da etnia Guarani: o testemunho de um estudante indígena de administração e seu duplo pertencimento
Authors: Cassandre Marcio Pascoal ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá,  Brazil, Amaral Wagner Roberto do , Silva Alexandro da ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina,  Brazil,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo A presença de indígenas nas universidades públicas brasileiras é um fenômeno recente, datado de 2002, com a inédita experiência de ingresso e permanência desses sujeitos nas universidades do Paraná. A trajetória dos estudantes de diferentes cursos de graduação reflete a existência de um duplo pertencimento: ser indígena e ser acadêmico simultaneamente. Este estudo apresenta o testemunho como estratégia do método de história de vida, fazendo uso do diálogo testemunhal e tendo como um dos autores um estudante Guarani do curso de Administração. A narrativa revela desafios, limites e possibilidades do percurso acadêmico de estudantes indígenas nos cursos de Administração, apresentando três aspectos principais decorrentes do testemunho: a afirmação de seu pertencimento étnico-comunitário no interior da universidade, a formação universitária, cujo intuito é preparar os estudantes indígenas como interlocutores entre sua comunidade, o Estado e outras instituições e a intenção empreendedora do acadêmico.
Comparação do índice de infecção pós-operatória em fraturas mandibulares lineares com o uso de profilaxia antibiótica
Authors: MOURA Lucas Borin , TRIVELLATO Alexandre Elias , FIGUEIREDO Cristiano Elias , GABRIELLI Marisa Aparecida Cabrini , PEREIRA-FILHO Valfrido Antonio
Published: January 2017

Resumo Introdução Infecções pós-operatórias representam a maior complicação no tratamento de fraturas mandibulares. A utilização de profilaxia antibiótica diminui os índices de infecção, entretanto sua manutenção após o procedimento cirúrgico é controversa na literatura. Objetivo Comparar o índice de infecção pós-operatória no tratamento de fraturas mandibulares lineares com ou sem profilaxia antibiótica pós-operatória. Metodologia Foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva transversal para verificar a presença de infecção pós-operatória. Trinta prontuários de pacientes portadores de fraturas mandibulares lineares, tratados por meio de acesso intrabucal e fixação interna estável, foram selecionados e divididos em dois grupos com 15 prontuários cada: pacientes que realizaram apenas profilaxia antibiótica pré-operatória e pacientes que realizaram profilaxia antibiótica pré e pós-operatória por seis dias. Resultado Foram observadas cinco infecções, sendo três no grupo que realizou apenas profilaxia pré-operatória e duas no grupo que fez uso de antibiótico após o procedimento. Conclusão Em fraturas mandibulares lineares, a utilização de antibiótico pós-operatório não reduziu o índice de infecções significantemente.
WATER: THE URGENCY OF A TERRITORIAL AGENDA
Authors: PIRES DO RIO GISELA AQUINO ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,  Brazil, DRUMMOND HELENA RIBEIRO , RIBEIRO CHRISTIAN RICARDO ,   UFRJ,  Brazil,   UFRJ,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT This paper presents and discusses the water supply crisis and the resulting risk of rationing in regional scale in the Brazilian Southeast (2014/15). Considering the extension, magnitude and intensity of this crisis, particularly in São Paulo metropolitan areas and throughout Paraíba do Sul river, it is argued that new spatialities are emerging and imposing adjustments to water management. According to this paper, the latter is a question of geo-institutional nature. It is not possible to understand the water supply crisis and emergency actions as exclusively related to flow control and reduction. From this understanding comes the urgency of a territorial agenda, that is, one that considers the relations between different spaces, diverse agents, and the environmental history itself in Paraíba do Sul river basin.