bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning in Inverse Optimization: Incenter Cost, Augmented Suboptimality Loss, and Algorithms
Authors: Zattoni Scroccaro Pedro , Atasoy Bilge , Mohajerin Esfahani Peyman
Published: September 2024

Enhancing the Efficiency and Accuracy of Inverse Optimization

Inverse optimization (IO) is used to model the behavior of decision-making agents who solve optimization problems in response to external signals. Inspired by the geometry of IO problems, in “Learning in Inverse Optimization: Incenter Cost, Augmented Suboptimality Loss, and Algorithms,” Zattoni Scroccaro, Atasoy, and Mohajerin Esfahani propose the “incenter” concept to solve IO problems, which unlike previously proposed approaches, can be used to derive computationally tractable solutions to this modeling problem. Moreover, they also propose a novel loss function for IO problems and a tailored optimization algorithm to optimize it. Extensive numerical experiments showcase the improved efficiency and accuracy of the proposed IO formulations and algorithm.
Challenging and encouraging halal certification in handicraft MSMEs
Authors: Mamduh Muhammad Faiz , Saputra Deky Chandra , Pertiwi Soraya Noer , Widiastuti Tika
Published: September 2024

Halal certification, a crucial aspect of the halal product industry in Indonesia, is mandatory for food and beverage products. However, awareness and understanding of halal certification remain low among Handicraft MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises). This research explores the perceptions, understanding, awareness, and challenges Handicraft MSMEs face regarding halal certification. A qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews was employed as the data collection method, followed by NVivo software analysis. The results indicate that Handicraft MSMEs lack an understanding of the importance of halal certification and are unaware of the obligations and procedures involved. We identified insufficient socialization as a significant obstacle, underscoring the urgent need for more awareness campaigns and educational programs. The complexity of the certification process and lack of coordination among halal institutions are also significant obstacles. This research provides profound insights into the challenges and opportunities in implementing halal certification for Handicraft MSMEs, emphasizing the crucial role of the government in promoting and facilitating halal certification implementation for Handicraft MSMEs to support growth and competitiveness in the market.
 
Keywords: Halal certification, Handicraft MSMEs, NVivo
Analysis of the effect of fermentation duration on the organoleptic properties of dried cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) at Nglanggeran Agricultural Technology Park
Authors: Permata Annisa , Hidayah Nurul
Published: September 2024

The post-harvest process of cocoa fruits includes fruit harvesting, cracking, wet bean sorting, fermentation, drying, dry bean sorting, and packaging. One of the post-harvest processes that significantly affects the quality of cocoa beans is fermentation. The fermentation process, facilitated by acetic acid and lactic acid bacteria, aims to reduce moisture content, enhance aroma and flavor, and improve the quality of cocoa beans. Acetic acid bacteria, such as Acetobacter and Gluconobacter, contribute to acetic acid production, giving cocoa beans their characteristic flavor. These bacteria convert alcohol into acetic acid, a process crucial for developing the beans' flavor. On the other hand, lactic acid bacteria, like Lactobacillus and Pediococcus, play a role in the breakdown of complex compounds, enhancing the aroma. These bacteria produce lactic acid, which contributes to the beans' aroma. One factor that influences the success of cocoa fruit fermentation is the duration of fermentation. The optimal fermentation time for cocoa fruits is 5 – 6 days. If it is less or exceeds the optimal time, the fermentation of cocoa fruits will not be perfect. The duration of cocoa fruit fermentation has been proven to affect the aroma, taste, texture, and color of dried cocoa beans.
 
Keywords: Cocoa, Fermentation, Post-harvest process of cocoa, Organoleptic
Land Use Land Cover Dynamics around a Western Himalayan Wetland using Geospatial Techniques
Authors: Dervash Moonisa Aslam , Ganai Bashir Ahmad , Yousuf Abrar
Published: September 2024

Despite having multitude of environmental advantages, wetlands are facing serious anthropogenic threats due to changes in the surrounding area. Therefore, the present investigation has been conducted to evaluate the landuse land cover (LULC) around a 6 km buffer strip of Nowgam wetland located in Kashmir valley. The detection of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes was conducted using Landsat imagery within ArcGIS, spanning a 22-year period from 2000 to 2022. The Landsat imageries of three years (2000, 2010 and 2022) were classified using the supervised classification algorithm (maximum likelihood classification) in ArcGIS. Five LULC classes, viz., water, agriculture, settlement, vegetation and bareland were identified in the study region. The exploration of the classified images revealed the area under water decreased by about 56% while as area under agriculture and settlement increased by 44.7% and 30.9%, respectively. The area under vegetation decreased by 7.3% and area under bareland increased by 8.0%. The outcomes of the present discourse reveal that the changes in LULC around the Nowgam wetland are mostly anthropogenic which may pose serious threat to wetland ecosystem in near future. The present study provides a baseline data regarding ecosystem transformations and acts as an important stimulus for all the stakeholders of wetland in planning and implementation of the strategic conservational measures in Nowgam wetland (Bandipora).
Measuring the Ecosystem Services Value of Kalimpong District (West Bengal), India with Respect to Land Use Land Cover Dynamicity
Authors: Ghosh Paban , Lepcha Kabita
Published: September 2024

Ecosystem services may be defined as profits human gain from ecosystems and it provided four major categories of ecosystem services like cultural, regulating, provisioning, and supporting service also known as ecological integrity. Ecosystem is the main base for creation of service which is essential for people benefits. In this paper, LULC map of the district are prepared by satellite image landsat-5 for 1991 and landsat-8 for 2021 using ArcGIS 10.3.1 software. The district is characterised by seven categories of LULC like water bodies, build up area, agriculture land, agriculture plantation, agriculture fallow land, social forestry and forest. Forest cover area and agriculture plantation of district were reduced from 1991 to 2021 because forest cover area was 51.47 % in 1991 and 36.94 % in 2021 and area of agriculture plantation was 9.81% in 1991 and 7.49 % in 2021. The LULC map was applied along with coefficient of ecosystem service values of biomes that propounded by Costanza and his group 1997 and 2014 to understand the spatio-temporal transformation in the value of ecosystem service of landscape. The paper represents a total of US$ 3.83 million of ecosystem services was decreased as per Costanza and his group, 1997 and US$ 1.37 million of ecosystem services was increased as per Costanza and his group, 2014 due to LULC transformation from 1991 to 2021. Ecosystem service value of forest cover area was reduced. Coefficient of sensitivity analysis applied to evaluate the reliability of ecosystem service value and finally the output results are more reliable due to the value of coefficient of sensitivity is <1 that indicates inelastic.
Indigenous Practices for Achieving Sustainable Construction
Authors: Mathur Arpita
Published: September 2024

The objective of the present research is to explore the concept of sustainability in construction by examining indigenous construction practices followed in various regions of India, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that promote safe, resilient, and environmentally friendly human settlements. This study aims to investigate indigenous construction practices that have been used for generations and assess their applicability in the present context. Through the collection of qualitative data from participants, the study seeks to develop a theoretical model of sustainable construction that incorporates region-specific indigenous practices. As Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) lends itself useful for such theory development, we have used it as the methodology for data collection, analysis and model development. CGT enables in-depth inductive analysis of qualitative data. Data have been gathered through interviews and conversations as primary sources, supplemented by secondary sources. The study primarily focuses on key parameters such as construction materials and techniques, labour, economic considerations, and region-specific indigenous practices related to sustainable construction. This study develops a theoretical model that integrates indigenous practices with contemporary practices, and thus endeavours to bridge the past and present, offering a blend of traditional wisdom and contemporary relevance. It aims to inspire customers, architects, and engineers to reconnect with their cultural heritage and embrace local knowledge in construction practices, which have demonstrated sustainability over thousands of years. Findings from the study pave the way for better environmental management through sustainable indigenous construction practices.
Microplastics and Environment: A mini Review on Detection, Removal, Health Issues and Regulation on India’s Perspective
Authors: Sinan Mominul
Published: September 2024

Plastics production has increased due to its flexibility, stability, lightweight, and low production costs. These plastics degrade through a variety of processes and lose their structural integrity. Plastics degrade extensively, eventually forming microscopic-sized plastics known as microplastics (MPs). MPs are small-sized and easily passed throughout the food chain. Exposure to MPs through ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption can harm human health. Interdisciplinary collaboration will provide a comprehensive view of MP’s effects. Researchers will collaborate with politicians and the public to improve the waste management practices of MPs by emphasizing recyclability and altering plastic manufacturing methods. This review provides an insight into the occurrence, detection, removal, and toxicological effects as well as challenges and regulations for MPs in a nutshell.
Biodecolorization of Azo Dye by Bacteria Alcaligenes faecalis Sub Sp. Phenolicus Isolated from a Bark-Beetle Tunnel Developed in Peltophorum Pterocarpum Plant
Authors: K Kusumlata , Singh Rajat Pratap , Kumar Ashish
Published: September 2024

This study assessed the decolorization of reactive red 120 (RR120) by Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. phenolicus strain isolated from the bark borer insect (Indarbela tetraonis) tunnel developed in Peltophorum pterocarpum. The optimal parameters for the dye of decolorization 0.1 mg/L of dye were pH 7, temperature 35°C, fructose (0.4% w/v) as the carbon supply (0.4% w/v), peptone (0.2% w/v) as the nitrogen source (0.4% w/v), 12 hours of static conditions, and 0.3 ml of inoculums. Cell suspension, sodium alginate (3%, w/v), and PVA (5%, w/v) immobilized cell beads (10 beads 0.5 mm in size) were used in the batch continuous reactor for complete bio-decolorization of RR120. The batch reactor was subjected to 5 cycles of batches for 3 days of constant use. Under optimal conditions, the batch mode achieved more than 99% dye decolorization and fabric color removal in less than 48 hours of contact. When the control and dye-decolorized media were analyzed using UV spectroscopy, the absorbance of the control medium was higher than that of the decolorized media. GC-MS and FTIR analysis revealed the basic compounds and functional groups of the parent RR120 dye. This strain decolored 76.51% of AB 113, 96.8% of orange II, 98.47% of congo red, 98.3% of RR120, 97.92% of phenol red individual dyes, and 94.72% of the dye mixture at 12 hours. A. faecalis subsp. Phenolicus strains produced positive results in the qualitative analytical test of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) production. The RR120 was decolorized in the presence of heavy metal ions by A. faecalis sub-sp. Phenolicus bacteria.
Calculating Surface Runoff by Scs-Cn Model in the Sanjai River Basin, Jharkhand
Authors: Chandra Arunashis , Mondal Swati
Published: September 2024

Surface runoff prediction is a very intricate, evolving, and exponential phenomenon controlled by numerous interconnected components. Regulated by numerous types of related factors, surface runoff production is a highly complex, dynamic, and non-linear phenomena. Advancement and long-term control of water resources depend on run-off forecast. For runoff forecasts, many techniques and models are at hand; Among strategies, “Soil Conservation Services curve number(SCS- CN)” approach stands out. In order to determine potential outflow from a drainage system or region, the SCS implemented the Curve Number index. It is possible to figure out the curve number of a drainage basin by taking into account the antecedent moisture conditions(AMC), the soil, land surface use and land cover (LULC). Considered also is the Hydrological Soil Group (HSG). Four kinds of soils are offered at HSG: “A, B, C, and D”. Whereas soil type D stands for low penetration rates and greater surface flow capacity, soil category A comprises higher penetration rates below the surface and less runoff potentiality. The study's research site was the Sanjai river basin in Jharkhand. Arc Gis 10.1 and Erdas 14 software helped produce thematic layers like soil maps, LULC maps, and so on. The whole catchment was divided into sub-watersheds in order to more accurately measure runoff. The findings demonstrate that the SCS-CN simulation performs productive runoff estimates. The research demonstrates that more sustainable water use results from suitable surface runoff analysis.
Bioplastic Production Using Aloe vera Gel as Plasticizer: A Sustainable Approach
Authors: M Rajamehala , Reshma M , Kaniyamudhu V , Shruthika K
Published: September 2024

The utilization of bioplastics has garnered considerable interest because of their capacity to alleviate environmental issues related to conventional petroleum-based plastics. This study explores the feasibility of utilizing Aloe vera gel as a plasticizer in bioplastic production, aiming to enhance biodegradability and sustainability. Aloe vera gel, a natural polysaccharide-rich material, offers promising characteristics such as biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and abundant availability. This research involves the formulation of bioplastic blends comprising biodegradable polymers such as starch from Cassava, along with varying concentrations of Aloe vera gel as a plasticizer. The resulting bioplastics' mechanical, thermal, and biodegradation properties are systematically evaluated using standard testing methods. Preliminary results demonstrate that Aloe vera gel effectively improves the flexibility and processability of bioplastic materials while maintaining adequate mechanical strength. Thermal analysis reveals enhanced thermal stability in some formulations, indicating the potential for diverse applications. The bioplastic film had a tensile strength of determined to be 5.53 N. Additionally, the percent mean breaking elongation was found to be 1.2%, indicating the extent to which the film can stretch before reaching its breaking point. The thickness yields a result of 0.05 mm. Moreover, biodegradation studies indicate accelerated degradation rates in composting conditions, highlighting the eco- friendly nature of Aloe vera-based bioplastics. This research underscores the possibility of Aloe vera gel as a sustainable alternative plasticizer in bioplastic production, offering a promising avenue for reducing reliance on fossil-based materials and addressing environmental concerns associated with plastic waste pollution.
Exploring the Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste in Sustainable Construction Materials: A Review
Authors: Alam Md. Mumtaz , Ahmad Kafeel , Alam Mehtab
Published: September 2024

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a growing problem worldwide, as populations increase, and consumption patterns change. It not only causes pollution and health hazards, but it also results in the depletion of resources. Considering this, the utilization of MSW in sustainable construction materials has become a critical area of research. The purpose of this review study is to explore the various ways in which MSW can be utilized in sustainable construction materials such as fired clay bricks, eco-cement, geo-polymer, fly ash (FA), bottom ash (BA), ceramic bricks, municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI), incineration bottom ash (IBA), and coal bottom ash (CBA). This article also helps to understand the properties of waste-based materials and the potential for their use in various applications. This information renders the construction sector to design and develop standard guidelines for the use of waste-based materials. The significance of this review article lies in its potential to transform the construction sector into a more sustainable and resource efficient sector by leveraging the resources that are already available. Integrating waste into construction materials not only averts the waste from landfills and incinerators, but also facilitates the necessity of raw materials and consequently sustains the natural resources. Additionally, the utilization of waste-based building materials can lead to a reduction in the carbon trace of the construction industry, as waste materials often have lower embodied energy compared to traditional building materials. The outcomes of this review will provide valuable insights into the potential of MSW as a resource in sustainable construction and contribute to the development of effective Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) strategies.
Climate Change and Public Health Dynamics: A Bibliometric Study with Comprehensive Review
Authors: Raval Shivani , Muralidharan K.
Published: September 2024

The study directs to analyze how global climate shift affects public well-being and identify research clusters, trends, and potential gaps in this multidisciplinary field. The study also investigates the worldwide distribution of research institutions and their collaborative networks in this crucial area. We have use advanced bibliometric techniques to achieve our objectives. The analysis involves numerous academic articles, including journals, authors, keyword co-occurrence, and affiliations. By mapping the intellectual composition and trends in the field, we can gain valued perceptions of the complex relationship involving environmental alteration and public well-being. Bibliometric data is used to track research themes and clusters over time, examining keyword co-occurrence and affiliations. A comprehensive dataset of 1854 research papers was acquired from January 2000 to July 2023. Geospatial analysis helps us understand the geographic distribution of research institutions. Research papers were collected on climatic variations and people's physical conditions from the Web of Science portal, the report includes a bibliometric analysis and methodology review. Our study highlights research clusters and evolving themes in climatic disturbances and public wellbeing, along with potential study gaps. Furthermore, it examines the global reach of this critical field by analyzing the geographic distribution of research institutions and their collaborative networks. This review specifies a broad view of climate difference's impact on public health. It helps identify trends and promotes interdisciplinary collaborations. Use it to shape evidence-based strategies for mitigating climate changes health effects in the 21st century.
Routine screening and clinical diagnosis of intestinal helminths in cats and dogs
Authors: Wright Ian
Published: September 2024

Anthelmintics remain a fundamental component of both treatment of parasitic disease and preventative health for pets. The focus of intestinal helminth control to reduce disease and zoonotic risk in the UK has been routine treatment rather than testing. As a result, testing is often viewed as unnecessary if routine preventative treatment is occurring. Diagnosing intestinal roundworms in cases of gastrointestinal disease is important because heavy burdens can contribute to the severity of clinical signs and intestinal pathology. However, routine testing alongside prevention for worm infections in cats and dogs is also vital to demonstrate the effectiveness of treatment plans, gather data on parasite distributions and detect anthelmintic resistance.
Dietary options for diagnosis of cutaneous adverse food reactions
Authors: Villaverde Cecilia
Published: September 2024

Diet is critical for the diagnosis of cutaneous adverse food reactions in dogs and cats. The diagnostic process consists of the elimination trial, where a diet the patient has never been exposed to or with reduced allergenicity (elimination diet) is fed for a number of weeks exclusively. If clinical signs improve, this is followed by a challenge phase to confirm the diagnosis and identify the food triggers in each patient. Therefore, choosing the right elimination diet is very important in obtaining a reliable diagnosis and deciding on the best feeding plan for long-term management. This paper reviews the different options for canine and feline elimination diets and discusses their pros and cons.
Kawasaki Disease Presenting with Fever and Jaundice: Case Report
Authors: Li Xiao-Qin , Xue Ping , Zheng Yan-Mei , Liu Shuo
Published: September 2024

Kawasaki disease (KD), which is also known as cutaneous mucosal lymph node syndrome, is an acute, self-limiting, necrotizing vasculitis with unclear cause that primarily affects small- and medium-sized blood vessels and most commonly affects children aged 6 months to 5 years. Currently, diagnosis is based primarily on typical clinical symptoms. Approximately 15%–20% of patients are highly suspected of having KD; however, they do not match the diagnostic criteria for typical KD, which is referred to as incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD), and this has become a major challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of KD. We describe a case of a 7-year-old boy who had a fever and jaundice as his initial symptoms. After a series of clinical laboratory and imaging examinations and marked improvement of symptoms after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), IKD was considered as the diagnosis. When children present with jaundice and fever, physicians should consider KD as a possible diagnosis to ensure early detection and treatment of the disease.
Preventing and managing the effects of falls in a care setting
Authors: Ashurst Adrian M
Published: September 2024

Adrian Michael Ashurst discusses the importance of preventing falls in nursing and residential care homes and developing an effective staff training programme.
Changes in Oral Frailty and Suggestions for Clinical Use according to Age and Sex
Authors: Jo Min-Ji , Jung Hoi-In , Kim Tae-Woo , Han Sun-Young
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aimed to identify and report the changes in oral frailty diagnosis among older Korean adults according to age and sex. Methods: The study included 217 individuals aged 60 years or older who visited senior centers. The final analysis included 100 individuals with complete data on the diagnostic items of oral frailty. After subdividing by age and sex, the average of each age group for diagnostic items was analyzed. Results: The items with oral hypofunction tended to increase sequentially with oral dryness, tongue pressure, occlusal force, and chewing ability as the age group increased. Individuals aged 65-69 years old were considered pre-orally frail and those over 70 years old were determined to be orally frail. The diagnosis of oral frailty and decline in oral function in females was observed to be much faster than in males. Conclusions: This study confirmed that the number of items with decreased oral function increased sequentially with age in older adults and these characteristics also differ according to sex. These findings can be used to prevent deterioration into oral hypofunction and serve as primary data for the phased early detection of oral frailty.
High-throughput Virtual Screening- and Molecular Docking-based Prediction for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors and Exploring its Mechanisms against Alzheimer’s Disease based on Network Pharmacology
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, Takomthong Pitchayakarn , Waiwut Pornthip ,   Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Thailand, Ballatore Carlo ,   Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, United States, Choowongkomon Kiattawee ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Thailand, Arsito Puguh Novi ,   School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadi-yah Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Chulikhit Yaowared ,   Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, Boonyarat Chantana ,   Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify promising ligands for inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity using virtual screening (VS). METHODS VS was used to identify potential AChE inhibitors from the PubChem database. Ligands with favorable binding pocket interactions were selected. SwissADME and pkCSM tools were used to assess drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations provided insights into binding interactions. Network pharmacology was used to explore interactions between the target molecule and AD-related genes to determine its mechanism of action. RESULTS VS identified promising AChE inhibitor candidates with acridone, carbazole, and xanthone scaffolds. Docking simulations showed strong binding with AChE. These ligands displayed favorable drug-likeness and ADMET properties, with one (M5) lacking predicted hepatotoxicity. MD simulations suggested stable binding of M5 to AChE, potentially affecting both catalytic and peripheral sites, hinting at dual inhibition. M5’s interactions, especially near His440, appeared more favorable than donepezil. Network analysis implicated M5 in targeting multiple pathways in AD, with potential focus on neuroinflammation. CONCLUSIONS This study identified promising AChE inhibitor candidates through virtual screening. Ligand M5 emerged as particularly promising due to its favorable binding characteristics, lack of predicted hepatotoxicity, and potential for targeting multiple pathways in AD. However, further in vitro and in vivo validation is essential for clinical development. KEYWORDS virtual screening, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, PubChem database, molecular dynamics simulation, gene ontology, KEGG pathways
¿Es la metodología cooperativa el camino para motivar y aprender en la adolescencia?
Authors: Formento Torres Ana Cristina , Quílez-Robres Alberto , Cortés-Pascual Alejandra
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. En el aprendizaje entran en juego diversas variables: motivación, autoestima, edad, cultura, etc. Esto lleva al docente a la necesidad de elegir la metodología más adecuada para la consecución de unos objetivos ambiciosos, pero no por ello irrealizables. Cuando en un aula de adolescentes se busca conseguir no solo una mejoría académica, sino también motivacional hacia la lectura, y la asignatura en sí, el trabajo cooperativo puede ser una herramienta óptima que consiga los fines deseados. MÉTODO. Este artículo realiza un análisis cuantitativo de los resultados académicos, motivacionales y de sentimiento de un aula de tercero de secundaria (14-15 años) en la asignatura de Lengua y Literatura Castellana. Se trabajó con un grupo experimental y uno de control. Posteriormente, se analizaron los resultados tras la implementación de la metodología cooperativa durante un curso escolar, de septiembre a junio. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN. Los resultados demuestran que el uso del aprendizaje cooperativo repercute positivamente en el rendimiento académico, aumenta la motivación hacia la asignatura y consigue una mejora de las sensaciones del alumno en el grupo y en cuanto a su autoestima. Los hallazgos de esta investigación ponen de manifiesto la relación significativa entre la motivación, optimizada por el uso de la metodología cooperativa, y el rendimiento académico, dando lugar a una mejora del grupo experimental con respecto al grupo control en sus calificaciones y en su autovaloración personal.
Awareness, treatment, and control among adults living with arterial hypertension or diabetes mellitus in two rural districts in Lesotho
Authors: Fernández Lucia González , Firima Emmanuel , Gupta Ravi , Sematle Mamoronts’ane Pauline , Khomolishoele Makhebe , Molulela Manthabiseng , Bane Matumaole , Tlahali Mosa , McCrosky Stephen , Lee Tristan , Chammartin Frédérique , Seelig Eleonora , Gerber Felix , Lejone Thabo Ishmael , Ayakaka Irene , Labhardt Niklaus Daniel , Amstutz Alain
Published: September 2024

In Lesotho, the hypertension and diabetes care cascades are unknown. We measured awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and diabetes among adults ≥18 years and identified factors associated with each step of the cascade, based on data from a population-based, cross-sectional survey in 120 randomly sampled clusters in the districts of Butha-Buthe and Mokhotlong from 1st November 2021 to 31st August 2022. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess associations. Among participants with hypertension, 69.7% (95%CI, 67.2–72.2%, 909/1305) were aware of their condition, 67.3% (95%CI 64.8–69.9%, 878/1305) took treatment, and 49.0% (95%CI 46.3–51.7%, 640/1305) were controlled. Among participants with diabetes, 48.4% (95%CI 42.0–55.0%, 111/229) were aware of their condition, 55.8% (95%CI 49.5–62.3%, 128/229) took treatment, and 41.5% (95%CI 35.1–47.9%, 95/229) were controlled. For hypertension, women had higher odds of being on treatment (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.54, 95% CI 1.78–3.61) and controlled (aOR 2.44, 95%CI 1.76–3.37) than men. Participants from urban areas had lower odds of being on treatment (aOR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44–0.90) or being controlled (aOR 0.63, 95% CI 0.46–0.85). Considerable gaps along the hypertension and diabetes care cascades in Lesotho indicate that access and quality of care for these conditions are insufficient to ensure adequate long-term health outcomes.
Seroprevalence of Bordetella pertussis infection in children 1–14 years old: Indonesia basic health research (Riskesdas) 2013 and 2018 data
Authors: Hartanti Monica Dwi , Panjaitan Novaria Sari Dewi , Sunarno Sunarno , Ningrum Nathalia , Hasugian Armedy Ronny , Dewi Rita Marleta , Handayani Sarwo , Maha Masri Sembiring , Fairuza Firda , Sari Meiriani , Setiati Dita , Lestari Christina Safira Whinie
Published: September 2024

Bordetella pertussis infection is a highly contagious respiratory disease that can cause complications such as pneumonia and death. A total of 62,646 cases of pertussis worldwide were reported by WHO in 2022. This study aimed to obtain the pertussis seroprevalence and sociodemographic data in children aged 1–14 years and its association factors in the community based on Riskesdas 2013 and 2018. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out on data from 12,753 children aged 1–14 years collected from Riskesdas 2013 and 2018 in Indonesia. Pertussis serology data was obtained based on the results of the ELISA examination which was categorized as seropositive if anti-pertussis toxin IgG ≥ 100 IU/mL or anti-pertussis IgG > 11 NTU. Pertussis seropositive indicated recent pertussis infection if no pertussis vaccine was received within the last twelve months. Pertussis seroprevalence was found at 9.8% and 33.4% in Riskesdas 2013 and 2018 respectively. While 10.1% of children aged 5–14 years were found pertussis seropositive by excluding the possible effect of vaccination in the last twelve months in Riskesdas 2013. The most important associated factor in seropositive pertussis at ages 1–4 years and 5–14 years was a history of pneumonia in the last month (OR = 2.709, 95%CI: 2.592–2.831 in Riskesdas 2013 and OR = 2.421, 95%CI: 2.299–2.550 in Riskesdas 2018). In the adjusted analysis for respondents’ characteristics, low maternal education was the predictive factor that most influenced pertussis seropositivity, especially in the 2013 Riskesdas (APOR = 2.983, 95%CI: 2.670–3.333). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the seroprevalence of pertussis was high, especially in children aged 5–14 years, so that pertussis vaccine booster administration could be considered. Because the most influencing factor towards pertussis seropositive was low maternal education, the groups of children with low-educated mothers should be targets for strengthening complete vaccination coverage and disease control.
La materia de la propaganda política en el diseño de vestuario de Helena Roque Gameiro: “As Pupilas do Senhor Reitor” (1935), drama de costumbres fílmico
Authors: Ramé López Jesús , Cucinotta Caterina
Published: September 2024

As Pupilas do Senhor Reitor (José Leitão de Barros, 1935) is part of a series of films that linked the rural world to political propaganda for the Portuguese nation idea Construction.Ruralism, as a tool for constructing people identity, has played an important role in the history of cinema, to the point of giving rise, for example, to western. The exaltation of rural life became a vein for expressing, in the form of propaganda, the pillars of blood and land in Nazism and Fascism. In Spain, even a genre, drama rural, arises, which is paralleled by the Portuguese drama de costumbres.In this sense, As Pupilas... is a paradigmatic example of the use of propaganda in the Portuguese Estado Novo, through cinema. This article analyses the propagandistic cinematographic use in this film, focusing on the triangular relationship of themes, style and tone. Emphasis is placed on the costume work carried out by Helena Roque Gameiro, an essential contribution to the mise-en-scène of cinematic ruralism. Therefore, this film would decant the strategic ideological repertoire of the Portuguese Estado Novo.
O crédito dos 20 mil florins de ouro do rei D. João I e do infante D. Pedro no “Monte do Comum” de Florença
Authors: Gomes Saul António
Published: September 2024

Este artigo contextualiza e documenta, publicando as respetivas fontes, que se encontram entre os acervos documentais do espólio da Casa de Clèves custodiadas pelos Arquivos do Estado do Departamento da Renânia, do Norte-Vestfália, o contrato de crédito, sobre 20 mil florins de ouro, assinado por D. João I, em 1409-10, com o Monte do Comum da cidade de Florença. Doado, em 1414, ao infante D. Pedro, elucida-se, ainda, a administração deste crédito pelo infante das Sete Partidas e os seus filhos e herdeiros ao longo do século XV.
A epidemia de febre amarela e a atuação dos farmacêuticos (Rio de Janeiro, 1849-1850)
Authors: Peruchi Amanda
Published: September 2024

Nos estudos sobre a epidemia de febre amarela na cidade do Rio de Janeiro em meados do século XIX, um dos aspectos mais observados é a colaboração entre médicos e o governo imperial na criação de medidas sanitárias. Embora esses estudos apontem que a epidemia foi determinante para a consolidação da autoridade médica em relação a outras atividades curativas, um dos assuntos pouco explorados é como os farmacêuticos também se valeram desse cenário epidêmico para argumentar a favor da autoridade do profissional da farmácia diplomado. Nesse sentido, fundamentado na historiografia da história da farmácia, que examina o papel social do farmacêutico e a relação homem-medicamento no tempo, este artigo analisa como os farmacêuticos se utilizaram da epidemia de febre amarela para se estabelecerem como uma classe autônoma e contribuíram com a organização do mercado farmacêutico, através da elaboração de um regulamento específico para o funcionamento de boticas e farmácias.
TEAM - Tudatos Együttműködés A Megoldás
Authors: Dobák Dóra , Hegedűs Roland
Published: September 2024

Napjainkban egyre elterjedtebb a sajátos nevelési igényű gyermekek integrálása az óvodába, ami kihívást jelent az óvodapedagógusok számára. Az integráltan nevelkedő sajátos nevelési igényű gyermekek ellátása teammunkával lehet a legjobb, ezért kutatásunkban kérdőíves módszerrel vizsgáljuk, hogy az óvodapedagógusok mennyire felkészültek a sajátos nevelési igényű gyermekekre, hogyan valósítják meg az ellátásukat, valamint milyen a gyógypedagógusokkal való közös munka. Kutatásunkban 422 fő óvodapedagógus és 82 fő gyógypedagógus vett részt. Az adatokat SPSS statisztikai programmal elemeztük, amiben kereszttábla és ANOVA elemzéseket használtunk. Eredményeink szerint az óvodapedagógusok sokkal pozitívan értékelik az integráció megvalósulását, mint a gyógypedagógusok, de a minél jobb együttműködéshez több szakemberre és több időre lenne szükség.
Design, Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking Studies, In vitro and In vivo Cervical Cancer Activity of Novel N-Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives
Authors: Sudha T. , Mahalakshmi D. , Nallasivan P. Kumar
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study is to design, synthesize, characterize few novel N-substituted pyrazole derivatives and evaluated for their anticancer capabilities; these compounds were selected based on their ability to inhibit the HPV E6 protein. The IR, 1H & 13C NMR, mass spectral and elemental analysis were used to determine the structural details of the newly synthesized substances. The molecular docking was performed using Auto Dock Vina, and the protein-ligand interaction was analyzed using Discovery Studio. The sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used to determine the in vitro anticancer activity against the HeLa cell line. Body weight analysis, mean survival time and % increase in life span approaches were used to assess in vivo anticancer effectiveness in Swiss albino mice bearing Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DAL) tumor model. Synthesized compounds have excellent docking energies, according to docking experiments. Compounds I, II and III were selected for anticancer activity in vivo DAL-bearing mice based on the findings of their in vitro and SRB assays exhibiting the antiproliferative activity. Pyrazole derivatives, compounds I and III, demonstrated significant potential as anticancer agents.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Pharmacological Evaluation of Some New Schiff and Mannich Bases of 5-Methylisatin Derivatives
Authors: Mondal Prasenjit , Samajdar Saptarshi , Khamkat Piyali , Barik Vivek , Mandal Sudip Kumar
Published: September 2024

Two novel series of Schiff and Mannich based 5-methylisatin were synthesized by Mannich reactions and evaluated for anthelmintic and antibacterial activities. The Mannich bases were synthesized from the Schiff base using various secondary amines and formaldehyde along with the derivatives of piperazinyl groups. N-Methyl piperazinyl (ICP-2B and ICM-2B) and piperidinyl derivatives (ICP-2C and ICM-2C) were found to have a highly significant anthelmintic potential. For compound ICP-2B, the paralysis time was observed at 4.936 ± 0.12 min at low concentration (0.1 % w/v) and 1.95 ± 0.10 min at high concentration (1% w/v). At low concentration (0.1%), compound ICM-2B, the paralysis time is 4.43 ± 0.17 min; at high concentration (1% w/v), it is 1.675 ± 0.08 min. These data indicated that compounds ICP-2B and ICM-2B has immense potential as anthelminthic and antimicrobial drug in future. Moreover, the in vitro study was confirmed by molecular docking studies, indicating both compounds ICP-2B and ICM-2B can find its use as novel drug against various pathogenic helminthes and bacteria.
Heteropolyacid and Lithium Infused Calcium Oxide Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Food Waste
Authors: Kakkar Alisha , Kumar Sudesh
Published: September 2024

The advancement of mixed metal oxide catalysts has attracted considerable attention among various workers. Supported MoOx catalyst materials possess more Lewis and Brønsted acid functionalities which assist in the efficient biodiesel production. In this study, ammonium molybdate and Li+ were loaded over eggshells-derived calcium oxide to transesterify the frying oil/waste cooking oil (WCO) to produce biodiesel/fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Characterization techniques i.e., X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were employed to confirm the material. The surface modelling predicted the transesterification reaction parameters. The optimal condition to transesterify WCO with synthesized Mo/Li/CaO catalyst was 6 wt.% catalyst dose, 13.70:1 ratio of methanol:oil (m/o), time of 1 h and 60 ºC temperature. The optimum FAME yield of 97% was observed. The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and other spectroscopic techniques were used to analyze produced FAME. The reusability of catalyst was good and the catalyst can be reutilized effectively up to a limit of 5 runs. By leveraging this innovative catalyst derived from eggshells, this study contribute to a more sustainable and cost-effective biodiesel production process.
Fabrication of Silica Gel Reinforced, Cadmium Oxalate based Extrinsic Crystalline Materials and their Characterization
Authors: Ganavi A.S. , Jagannatha N. , Nagaraja K.P. , D’Souza Delma , Rohith P.S.
Published: September 2024

Cobalt-lead mixed cadmium oxalate (CoLMCO) and zinc-lead mixed cadmium oxalate (ZnLMCO) extrinsic crystalline materials were grown in oxalic acid embedded silica hydrogel. In an optimized gel environment, the extrinsic Co2+-Pb2+ and Zn2+-Pb2+ combinations fit well in the parental Cd2+ vacancies and emerged as distinct CoLMCO and ZnLMCO novel materials. The inherent properties of CoLMCO and ZnLMCO crystals were characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis attached with field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was employed to identify the chemical composition and morphology of the crystals. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis confirmed the presence of oxalate group, water of crystallization and metal-oxygen bonds in the crystals. Thermal studies confirmed two phases of decomposition and ensured stability up to 1112.78 ºC for CoLMCO crystals and 1071.65 ºC for ZnLMCO crystals in a metal-oxide state. Bragg’s diffraction patterns revealed the high crystallinity of the materials and observed triclinic geometry in them. The UV-visible spectral studies of CoLMCO and ZnLMCO crystals showed maximum transparency to visible light and absorption in the UV region, possessing absorption maximum Amax = 1.588 and 1.276; optical band gap energies Eg = 5.638 eV and 5.845 eV, respectively. The V-I characteristics of the prepared crystals unveiled a feeble current flow (nA), exhibiting linear variation with applied DC voltage (0-200 V) leading leakage resistances of 1.187 GΩ (CoLMCO) and 5.176 GΩ (ZnLMCO). Dielectric constants of mixed crystals varied inversely with applied frequency and became almost stable at the mid-radio frequency range.
Synthesis and in vitro Biological Evaluation of a Series of 5-Benzylidene Derivatives of Rhodanine-Sulfonylurea Hybrid as a Novel Class of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Suresh Asha Nandini , Anak Luang Adam Sammuel , Yet Ling Michelle Chai , Selvam Thishaa Nair , Avupati Vasudeva Rao
Published: September 2024

A novel rhodanine-sulfonylurea hybrid (C) has been prepared based on the isocyanate-amine reaction conditions in the first step and its 5-benzylidene analogues (C1-C13) were synthesized using Knoevenagel reaction conditions as the subsequent step. The physical and spectral characterization of all the synthesized compounds (C-C13) was performed using FT-IR, 1H NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectral methods. All compounds were subjected to in vitro α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory properties at 100 µM concentration. The results were compared with a standard drug, voglibose, also tested at the similar concentrations. The bioassay results revealed that the intermediate compound C was more potent with a percentage inhibitory activity of 64.86%, which is relatively better than the series of 5-benzylidene analogues (C1-C13) synthesized from the intermediate C. This clearly displayed that substitution at position-5 on the rhodanine ring of intermediate C is not a favourable substitution to enhance the bioactivity; however, one of the derivative compounds, C12, has exhibited potency of 58.32%, which is close to the compound C. It is significant that both the intermediate C and compound C12 displayed better potency compared to the standard voglibose, with percentage inhibition recorded at 37.75%. The additive or synergistic potential of the bioactive pharmacophore tosylurea, which was earlier established, tolerated the rhodanine ring substitution towards retaining the α-glucosidase inhibitory properties.
Comprehensive Isolation and Characterization of Theaflavins, Thearubigins and Caffeine as Bioactive Compounds from Darjeeling Black Tea
Authors: De Dwaipee , Deb Mayukh , Ray Sonali
Published: September 2024

The present study aimed to isolate and characterize three major bioactive components viz. theaflavins, thearubigins and caffeine from Darjeeling black tea, which contribute significantly to the cup characteristics and health benefits of black tea. Theaflavins were isolated using Soxhlet extraction followed by column chromatography, HPLC and UV spectroscopy. HPLC showed effective separation of four major theaflavins. Thearubigins were isolated using liquid-liquid extraction and characterized through NMR, FTIR-ATR and UV spectroscopic techniques. The NMR spectral studies suggested thearubigins to be polymeric oxidation products of catechin groups, while FTIR spectral studies indicated similarity with proanthocyanidin-like polymers. Caffeine was isolated via a solid-liquid extraction followed by liquid-liquid extraction and identified using TLC, NMR, UV and SEM techniques. TLC showed an Rf value of 0.65, which is consistent with standard caffeine. The NMR confirmed the purity of isolated caffeine and SEM revealed its needle-shaped crystal morphology. The results show that these bioactive compounds may be efficiently isolated and characterized using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods.
Integrating Psychological Interventions into Holistic Management of Chronic Respiratory Diseases- Update Review
Authors: Sundar Devi
Published: September 2024

Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD), such as, asthma, interstitial lung disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have a significant negative influence on patient's physical and mental health. Stress, anxiety, and depression are common psychological injuries that worsen lung function, increase mortality, exacerbations, and healthcare utilisation in patients with chronic respiratory disease (CRD). Pulmonary rehabilitation is a gold standard non-pharmacological management for CRD—where strategies of care delivery is based on a bio-psycho-social model of integrated therapies. But there are still issues since there are global differences in the way programs are designed and implemented, and there are no standardised psychological assessments or therapies available for patients with CRD. This review critically examines the challenges in standardizing pulmonary rehabilitation programs and the lack of health psychological assessment or interventions for patients with CRD. Additionally, it suggests necessary updates to respiratory physiotherapy curricula with neuroscience of breathing in clarifying the relationship between psychological factors and inflammation in CRD. The review calls for an urgent need for increased global research funding to enhance psychological therapies as integrated respiratory care management and improve outcomes for patients with CRD.