bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los rostros del derecho. La juridicidad como límite de lo tolerable y sus nuevos desafíos
Authors: Anzalone Angelo
Published: February 2025

LOS ROSTROS DEL DERECHO. La juridicidad como límite de lo tolerable y sus nuevos desafíos. Es un trabajo para juristas y dedicado a la delicada labor desarrollada precisamente por los juristas. Una obra cuyo eje principal está constituido por la sensibilidad hacia la naturaleza de los actuales retos a los que se enfrenta la comunidad jurídica, lo que supone ciertamente un posicionamiento y una visión humanista del derecho. El lector podrá comprobar que el modo de aproximarse a las grandes temáticas quiere ser reflejo de un enfoque que intenta huir del dogmatismo, para así proporcionar respuestas a problemáticas concretas y a la institución particular. Se propone una aproximación filosófico-jurídica que aspira a ser herramienta óptima para aportar soluciones ante los desafíos que la actual sociedad plantea a un derecho cada vez más versátil. Los grandes problemas posmodernos –de corte medioambiental, tecnológico, patrimonial y geopolítico– requieren un adecuado encauzamiento crítico; si sus actores –entre los cuales se ubica en primera línea el jurista– pretenden contribuir genuinamente al omnipresente reajuste sistémico, es necesario que reflexionen sobre los beneficios y a la vez los límites de las vías de diálogo. Por esta razón, se mantiene la exigencia de un discurso jurídico que sepa dialogar, hacia fuera y hacia dentro, pero manteniendo siempre los límites de la decencia y de la tolerabilidad.

Angelo Anzalone es Profesor Titular de Filosofía del Derecho en la Universidad de Córdoba, donde presta sus servicios como personal docente e investigador para el Departamento de Ciencias Jurídicas Internacionales e Históricas y Filosofía del Derecho. Licenciado en Giurisprudenza por las Universidades de Palermo y Enna (Italia), es Doctor en Derecho con mención internacional por la Universidad de Córdoba y ha sido becario del programa de Formación de Profesorado Universitario del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia del Gobierno de España. Actualmente imparte las asignaturas de Teoría del Derecho, Teoría de los Derechos Humanos y Filosofía del Derecho, así como diversas asignaturas del máster interuniversitario en Cultura de Paz, Conflictos, Educación y Derechos Humanos. Ha realizado estancias de investigación en las universidades de Bologna y Padova (Italia), Bayreuth (Alemania) y Évora (Portugal). En el marco de sus principales líneas y proyectos de investigación –neoidealismo e iusnaturalismo hispanoitaliano, teoría comunicacional del derecho, derecho y nuevas tecnologías, teoría de los derechos humanos, teoría de conflictos– abundan sus aportaciones bibliográficas de diferente naturaleza (monografías, capítulos de libro y artículos de revistas).
Suppression of seedling diseases of silk cotton (Bombax Ceiba) and eucalyptus (Euclayptus tereticornis) by Pleurotus Sajorcaju decomposed coir pith and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) based potting media
Authors: Sendhilvel V , Rohini R , Manoranjitham S K
Published: February 2025

The studies on the decomposition of coir waste by yeast slurry and Pleurotus Sojar caju showed that it was found to decompose the coir waste effectively. The nutrient analysis of the decomposed coir pith showed that the Pleurotus decomposed coir pith (PDCP) recorded a higher nutrient status than the yeast slurry decomposed coir pith (YDCP). The effect of decomposed coir pith, biocontrol agents and Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) based potting media on forest tree seedling disease and their growth was studied. Furthermore, the various combinations of normal nursery mix and P. Sojar caju decomposed coir pith (PDCP) used were 0:100, 25:75, 50:50 and 100:0. The media with equal proportions of normal media mix (NMM) and (PDCP) at 50:50 recorded maximum germination in forest tree seeds, viz., Eucalyptus (Euclayptus tereticornis), Silk cotton (Bombax ceiba). The treated seeds with Trichoderma viride were sown in a PDCP 50:50 ratio along with the amendment of Pseudomonas fluorescens+ Azospirillium + Phosphobacteria @ 10 % (v/v) were recorded the maximum shoot and root growth in both the seedlings of silk cotton and eucalyptus and also resulted in a minimum disease incidence of 2.36 and 1.36 percent in Eucalyptus wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) and silk cotton root rot (Verticillium albo-atrum), respectively. These findings highlight an eco-friendly approach to disease suppression in forest nurseries, offering a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides.
Supporting Integration of Multiple Source Perspectives Through Dialogic Argumentation
Authors: Iordanou Kalypso , Fotiou Constantina
Published: February 2025

We report a study examining, for the first time, the effectiveness of engagement in dialogic argumentation in relation to its ability to promote integration of multiple source perspectives in an argumentive writing task after reading controversial multiple texts. Sixty-four primary school students engaged in a dialog-based intervention aiming to support them to learn to argue. Participants’ argument skills have been improved and transferred to a writing task completed after reading novel multiple texts on new, non-intervention, topics. In particular, the experimental group participants showed gains in their ability to integrate multiple source perspectives in an argumentive writing task after reading controversial multiple texts, compared with a control group which engaged in business-as-usual school curriculum. Microgenetic data revealed a progressive development of experimental participants’ integration skill throughout their engagement in the argumentive discourse activity. The findings have important educational implications. They show that learning to argue by engaging in dialogic argumentation is a promising pathway for supporting the ability to integrate multiple source perspectives after reading controversial multiple texts.
Temporal dynamics in laboratory medicine: cosinor analysis and real-world data (RWD) approaches to population chronobiology
Authors: Marques-Garcia Fernando , Martinez-Bravo Cristina , Tejedor-Ganduxe Xavier , Fossion Ruben
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Chronobiology is the science that studies biological rhythms based on direct methods and empirical time series of individual subjects. In laboratory medicine, the factor of time is often underestimated, and no methods currently exist to study biological rhythms in population databases of point-like, real-world data (RWD).

Methods

Retrospective databases (24 months, 2022–2023) were extracted for four measurands (sodium, potassium, chloride and leukocytes) from the emergency laboratory. Two different strategies for data grouping were applied: data clouds (with or without outliers) and population-averaged profiles. Cosinor regression analysis was performed on the grouped data to derive circadian parameters. The parameters obtained here were compared to results from the literature, using direct methods and time series.

Results

A total of 409,719 data points were analyzed. All measurands exhibited symmetrical data distributions, except for leukocytes. The data clouds did not visually display rhythmicity, but cosinor analysis revealed a significant circadian rhythm. The removal of outliers had minimal impact on the results. In contrast, population-averaged profiles showed visible rhythmicity, which was confirmed by cosinor analysis with a better goodness-of-fit compared to the data clouds.

Conclusions

Population-averaged profiles have advantages over data clouds in characterizing circadian rhythms and deriving circadian parameters. Population chronobiology, based on RWD, is presented as an alternative to classical individual chronobiology, based on time series and overcomes the limitations of direct methods. Utilizing RWD provides new insights into the relationship between chronobiology and clinical laboratory practice.
Is it feasible for European laboratories to use SI units in reporting results?
Authors: Zaninotto Martina , Agnello Luisa , Dukic Lora , Šálek Tomáš , Linko-Parvinen Anna , Kalaria Tejas , Vermeersch Pieter
Published: February 2025

The ultimate goal of harmonization, crucial to quality in laboratory medicine, is to improve patient outcomes by providing accurate, actionable laboratory information. Patients and healthcare professionals assume that clinical laboratory tests performed by different laboratories at different times on the same type of sample are comparable, and that results can be reliably and consistently interpreted. In this context the reporting units for tests can have a considerable influence on the numeric result. The harmonization of measurement units in laboratory report, leads to the provision of interchangeable and comparable results, thus maximizing the validity of laboratory information, and assuring a more accurate diagnosis and better treatment for the patient. However, although considerable efforts have been made in recent years, the criticisms continue. This opinion paper, prepared jointly by EFLM Committee Harmonization (C-H) and Committee Postanalytical phase (C-POST), describes the “general pragmatic approach” proposed in the drafting of guidelines for the harmonization of measurement units in reporting results, in order to ensure they are used as widely as possible.
Thermoelastic interactions in functionally graded materials without energy dissipation
Authors: Alqahtani Zuhur , Abbas Ibrahim , El-Bary Alaa A. , Almuneef Areej
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the problem of thermoelastic interaction in functionally graded isotropic unbounded media owing to a timed pulse within the framework of generalized thermoelastic theory without energy dissipation (TEWOED). Functionally graded material (FGM, or material with spatially variable material characteristics) has its governing equations for the generalized thermoelastic model without energy dissipation (GNII) developed. These formulations are expressed in terms of Laplace transforms. The analytical solutions in the transform’s domain are obtained through the eigenvalues technique. The Laplace transforms are inversed using numerical methods. Finally, the acquired data are visually illustrated to illustrate how inhomogeneity, laser intensity, and laser pulse length affect displacement, temperature, and stress.
Platelet clump assessment using the Cellavision peripherical blood application – do we need manual microscopy?
Authors: Janel Alexandre
Published: February 2025

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the frequency, detection, and distribution of platelet clumps, assess the performance of automated digital microscopy (Cellavision) for detecting platelet clumps and explore strategies to optimize detection efficiency.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 987,586 hemograms to evaluate the frequency of platelet clumps, and a study of 246 hemograms with platelet clumps for manual and digital microscopic reviews of blood smears. We investigated the locations and sizes of these clumps along the smear, and evaluated the detection capacity of the Cellavision system.

Results

Platelet clumps were found in 0.29 % of cases, with a higher incidence in pediatric and elderly populations. Platelet clumps were more frequent and larger at the smear periphery. Cellavision achieved 93 % sensitivity when combining the leukocyte and red blood cell observation fields. The strategy of reviewing only selected cases (platelet count <50 × 109/L or history of clumps) detected 97 % of platelet clumps, while reducing manual reviews by fourfold.

Conclusions

Automated digital microscopy is an effective tool for detecting platelet clumps, but it requires manual review in specific cases. Expanding image acquisition to the feather edge could further improve detection. A combined approach maximizes efficiency and ensures diagnostic accuracy, particularly in critical cases with low platelet counts.
Investigation by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale of daytime sleepiness in professional drivers during work hours
Authors: Ntelezos Konstantinos , Dafni Marianna-Foteini , Kyriakopoulou Georgia , Tsamourgeli Aspasia Maria , Karavasili Marianna , Delitzakis Dimitrios , Ioannis-Dimopoulos-Chountis  , Panagiotidis Ilias
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Daytime sleepiness in the professional driving industry may affect the safety of drivers at work. Fatigue and obstructive sleep apnoea–hypopnoea syndrome are the most common causes that lead to daytime sleepiness.

Purpose

The aim of this study is to investigate daytime sleepiness as a possible cause of occupational accidents in professional drivers.

Materials and methodology

The Epworth Sleepiness Scale was used to measure sleepiness in 70 professional drivers of different ages, working on both national and international routes. Drivers answered a questionnaire exploring demographic data, as well as an Epworth Sleepiness Scale questionnaire. Data were analysed using the SPSS® Statistical Data Editor 2019 statistical programme, with a 5% level of significance.

Results

Of the studied samples, 50% of the drivers operate on national routes and the other 50% operate on international routes. Nearly half of them (47.1%) work during lunch hours while they rest mostly in the evening. Eight percentage of the drivers suffer from a disease, and 38.6% have 10–15 years of experience. Drivers work an average of 6.91 h and sleep 6.34 h per day, with 37.1% reporting sleeping on the job. The study’s results suggest that there is no statistically significant correlation between sleepiness and the type of route they travel (p-value = 0.142).

Conclusions

Daytime sleepiness is a common cause of road accidents, but this study does not confirm a correlation in specific routes. Although the work involves demanding schedules and routes, Greek professional drivers are perceived as being responsible, focused, and concentrated, which help them to stay alert.
Synthesis and characterization of tricyclodecyl-containing methacrylate polymer for optoelectronics applications
Authors: Chang Yin-Chiung , Wu Kuo-Hui , Huang Wen-Chien , Wang Je-Chuang
Published: February 2025

Tricyclodecyl-containing methacrylate polymers based on tricyclodecyl methacrylate (TCDMA), namely poly (tricyclodecyl methacrylate) [P (TCDMA)] and poly (tricyclodecyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) [P (TCDMA-co-MMA)], were synthesized by free radical polymerization. Homo- and copolymer were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The effects of structural design on the thermal, mechanical, dielectric and optical properties of synthetic polymers were studied. Compared to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), the incorporation of a tricycloalkyl substituent as a side group on a methacrylate polymer helps to improve thermal stability, while providing high transparency and long-term heat resistance in the UV–visible region. In addition to improving mechanical properties, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), water absorption and dielectric constant are reduced. These advantages make tricycloalkyl-containing methacrylate polymers promising candidates for use as high value-added optical plastics in optoelectronic applications.
Environmental life cycle analysis of natural fiber composites in energy sector
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Zaid , Salit Mohd Sapuan , Hamdan Nor Salwa , Aziz Faieza Abdul , Khan Abir
Published: February 2025

Environmental impact evaluation across a product’s complete journey is achieved through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), a systematic approach that examines each stage from beginning to end. This methodology considers everything from obtaining initial materials to final disposal, including manufacturing processes, distribution networks, consumer usage, and end-of-life handling through recycling or waste management. The goal is to comprehend the overall environmental footprint. Several challenges hinder the adoption of bio-fiber composites in the energy sector, despite their environmental advantages. This chapter identifies key challenges, such as inefficiencies in raw material extraction, high energy consumption during production, and waste management issues during disposal. The objective is to outline the principles of LCA, review recent research, and propose technological and policy solutions to address these challenges. Case studies from various energy sectors are also examined. In conclusion, the chapter emphasizes the significance of ongoing research and development to enhance the lifecycle sustainability of natural fiber composites. The analysis reveals key information that helps drive the shift to environmentally friendly and renewable energy solutions.
Inteligencia artificial generativa y confianza en los medios. Un análisis de la detección de IA en noticias usando GPTzero
Authors: López del Castillo Wilderbeek Francisco Leslie
Published: February 2025

Introducción: El uso de la IA en la generación de noticias es una realidad que puede poner en peligro la confianza en los medios de comunicación. Metodología: El presente trabajo ha tenido el objetivo de analizar mediante análisis de contenido si la mejor plataforma para la detección de uso de IA en textos: GPTZero, es garantía para discriminar entre noticias elaboradas completamente con IA y contenidos firmados por profesionales. Para ello se analizaron textos de noticias reales (prensa y digital) y de noticias elaboradas por inteligencia artificial (ChatGPT). Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos han indicado que GPTZero ofrece una baja fiabilidad para detectar textos generados con ChatGPT (7,3%) y, que puede señalar como falsos positivos contenidos que no han sido elaborados con inteligencia artificial. Discusión: Los análisis realizados con dos algoritmos diferentes indicaron que GPTZero no descubrió el uso completo de ChatGPT en un corpus de noticias y, de la misma forma,  advirtió de cierta probabilidad de uso colaborativo de IA (redacción por un humano con soporte de IA) en noticias que fueron firmadas por periodistas profesionales. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos han generado más dudas que certezas sobre si GPTZero puede ayudar a señalar el uso de IA o asegurar el prestigio de los medios de comunicación.
Umowy o zarządzanie w świetle transformacji gospodarczej w Polsce
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Sakowska Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

Management contracts are an exceptionally heterogeneous legal category – it is an example of a service contract, not stylized by the legislator in legal acts as a special type of contract, and at the same time there are direct solutions for the management of the enterprise in special laws. There is no single regulation, and therefore no legal definition, and at the same time the widespread use of management contracts in legal transactions causes many doubts to arise with regard to their various elements. The subject of the management contract is an object of interest for representatives of many branches of law, starting with civil law, commercial law and labor law, and ending with tax law and social security law. During the period of centrally controlled economy, managing directors were in particular managers or directors of enterprises, but taking into account the previous economic system, it must be said that the scope of possible activities was limited (primarily by party guidelines). Managerial contracts in the current sense appeared in the Polish reality with the beginning of economic transformation, which was reflected in the increasing demand for professionals with the knowledge of modern business management. The purpose of this study is to present the types of management contracts, including those from a historical perspective, and the importance of management contracts (in particular, management contracts). The publication draws from the literature on the subject, legal acts and case law – as the management contract is an interdisciplinary and multifaceted phenomenon. The analysis was carried out mainly on the basis of the comparative, historical-legal and dogmatic-legal methods. Given the complexity of the issue (and its interdisciplinary nature), it should be emphasized that an exhaustive discussion of all issues was not possible within the framework of the study, so the study focuses on the most important aspects.
Prawna kwalifikacja posiadania w ujęciu historyczno-komparatystycznym
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Zawadzka Julita
Published: February 2025

The legal classification of possession has long been a matter of controversy in Polish legal doctrine and the dispute is still unresolved. The study demonstrates that doubts in this respect can be regarded as an almost universal phenomenon. The origins of this state of affairs can be attributed in part to the fact that the historical legal orders, which influenced the contemporary regulation of possession, approached the issue of the legal nature of possession in a fundamentally different manner. Nowadays, the greatest doubts as to the qualification of possession as a factual state arise in those cases which the law defines as possession, even though they do not involve physical control over the thing (detention), and thus in particular indirect possession and possession attributed by the statute to an heir, regardless of whether he has taken physical possession of the thing. With these institutions, the greatest difficulty regards discerning the factual (rather than legal) relation between the thing and the entity which, under the statutory provisions, is its possessor. Hence the tendency to give these cases of possession the character of a subjective right. Despite the divergence of positions, in general, in foreign legal orders, the prevailing view nowadays is that of negating the qualification of possession as a subjective right, although, as it turns out, this is not a rule without exception.
Zasady wyłaniania członków emigracyjnej Rady Narodowej (1939–1990)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Siemaszko Karol
Published: February 2025

The National Council was established pursuant to the decree “On the Establishment of the National Council” issued on December 9, 1939, and served as an émigré quasi-parliament until the Polish independence emigration was divided in 1954 into a group gathered around President August Zaleski and supporters of the Council of Three. After a break of almost 20 years, this institution was recreated in 1973, i.e. after the unification of both emigration centres and its functioning was based on new principles defined by the decree of May 29, 1973. The research goal was to demonstrate that since the mid-1970s, attempts had been made by the emigration authorities to take legislative action to remedy the “democratic deficit” in selecting the bodies of the Polish emigration state and to include a wider group of Polish emigrants in this process. Based on the provisions of the decree of December 9, 1939, the decree of May 29, 1973 and three electoral regulations for the National Council from 1977, 1983 and 1988, the author discusses the procedure for appointing members of this émigré quasi-parliament. The first part of the work was devoted to the National Council functioning during the war and in the first decade after its end. However, in the further part of the work, an attempt was made to discuss the regulations governing the method of selecting members of the National Council, which was recreated after the unification of the two previously competing centres of independence emigration in the second half of the 1970s.
THE FEATURES OF IRON OCCURRENCE FORMS IN BENTONITE CLAY OF THE KAIBALSKOYE-2 DEPOSIT, REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA
Authors: GOLUBKOV V.A. , KNYAZEV YU.V. , BAYUKOV O.A. , LUTOSHKIN M.A. , ANDREEV I.D. , CHESNOKOV N.V. , BORTNIKOV S.V.
Published: February 2025

The forms of iron occurrence in bentonite clay from the Kaibalskoye-2 deposit were determined using theoretical and experimental methods (elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and elemental mapping, powder X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement, Mössbauer spectroscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and quantum-chemical simulations). The total Fe2O3 content was found to be 8 wt%, while the montmorillonite content was 65 wt%. No minerals capable of containing significant amounts of iron were detected, however, iron can substitute aluminium isomorphously in the octahedral layers of montmorillonite. The results of scanning electron microscopy with elemental mapping show that a small amount of iron is concentrated as oxide and hydroxide inclusions in quartz and in aluminosilicates. Most of iron is uniformly distributed in the agglomerates of aluminosilicates, which means that iron is included into montmorillonite structure through isomorphous substitution. According to the data of Mössbauer spectroscopy, iron is represented by Fe3+ ions in octahedral positions. Absorption bands are observed to appear in the UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra at longer wavelengths (at 420-600 nm) as a result of iron insertion into montmorillonite structure, which is confirmed by quantum-chemical simulation. Promising directions for the rational use of bentonite from the Kaibalskoye-2 deposit are proposed on the basis of the newly established data.
ION-EXCHANGE SEPARATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS AND ALUMINIUM DURING RECYCLING THE SPENT FLUID CRACKING CATALYSTS
Authors: PUZHEL A.O. , BORISOV V.A. , TRENIKHIN M.V.
Published: February 2025

The possibility of selective ion-exchange separation of rare earth elements (REE), in particular La3+, from weakly acidic solutions containing an excess of Al3+ and Fe3+ ions has been demonstrated. The sorption of REEs and Al3+ was conducted under static and dynamic conditions using the chelating ampholytic resin Purolite S-930 in the Na-form. Selective REE desorption was performed by washing the column with the aqueous solution of EDTA, while Al3+ ions were retained in the column. The conditions for La3+ ion extraction were optimized, and the mechanism of their sorption was investigated. Experiments confirmed effective lanthanum extraction at the optimal pH 4.0 and a temperature of 25 °C. An increase in temperature to 65 °C reduces the sorption equilibrium time from 5 to 3 hours at an initial lanthanum concentration of 2.4 mg/L. The effective activation energy of the process was calculated to be 36.9 kJ/mol, and the maximum sorption capacity was determined as 322 mg/g. The influence of EDTA concentration on the efficiency of La3+ ion desorption in the presence of Al3+ was demonstrated. The developed methodology was applied for the sorption purification of REE-containing technological solution obtained during complex fluoride processing of the spent oil-cracking catalysts. Laboratory-scale sorption purification of this solution yielded a sufficiently pure concentrate (with the total REE oxide content at 85 wt%). Selective desorption from the iminodiacetate ampholyte allows a 30-fold REE concentrating from the technological solution, with losses not higher than 20 %.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF COALS FROM VARIOUS RUSSIAN AND MONGOLIAN DEPOSITS AS RAW MATERIALS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSING
Authors: KUZNETSOV P.N. , AVID B. , OBUKHOVA A.V. , KUZNETSOVA L.I. , KOSITSYNA S.S. , LYRSHCHIKOV S.YU. , PUREVSUREN B. , ZAOSTROVSKY A.N. , ISMAGILOV Z.R.
Published: February 2025

The results of chemical, proximate and petrographic analysis of coal samples at different coalification stages from various deposits in Russia and Mongolia are presented. Features of the molecular structure of the carbon framework in the organic matter were studied by the solid-phase 13C NMR spectroscopy using the cross polarization with magic angle spinning (CP/MAS). Significant differences in the structure of polycondensed aromatic nuclei were revealed, and the ratio between the pericondensed and catacondensed cycles depending on the degree of coalification was assessed. Correlation analysis was carried out and the relationships between various chemical technological parameters of coals and the indicators of their molecular structure were established. The strongest relationships have been revealed between the aromaticity factor of coals, the fraction of carbon in pericondensed structures, the yield of volatile substances and the reflectance of vitrinite. The identified features of the molecular structure of the organic coal matter and the obtained regression dependences can serve as the physicochemical basis when selecting coals for obtaining polycondensed aromatic substances for the production of carbon materials.
THE USE OF ADSORPTION METHOD FOR CREATING NANOCOMPOSITE ELECTRODE MATERIALS “POROUS CARBON MATRIX - CO3O4”
Authors: LARICHEV T A. , FEDOROVA N M. , ZAKHAROV YU A. , PUGACHEV V M. , DODONOV V G. , SIMENYUK G YU. , SERGINA T O. , KOLMYKOV R P.
Published: February 2025

The possibility of making electrode nanocomposite materials for supercapacitors by adsorption of transition metal salts from aqueous solutions by the porous carbon matrix with subsequent heat treatment has been investigated. It is shown for the carbon - Co3O4 system as an example that this method allows obtaining nanocomposites with the content of filler (elemental cobalt) up to 3 wt%. The introduction of the filler using this method only slightly reduces the specific surface area and pore volume of the composites with respect to the initial carbon matrix. The product obtained by thermal decomposition of cobalt(II) nitrate at 240 °C cannot be identified by X-ray diffraction, but according to the data of differential thermal analysis, it catalyses thermal oxidation of the porous carbon matrix in air. It is shown by cyclic voltammetry that the electrode materials obtained by the adsorption method have a higher specific capacitance compared to the original carbon matrix or composites obtained by inserting the filler as the solid phase.
INVESTIGATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF DISPERSED PARTICLES IN FLY ASH AND DETERMINATION OF THE ROUTES OF PM10 FORMATION FROM THE MINERAL COMPONENTS OF LIGNITE
Authors: FOMENKO E.V. , AKIMOCHKINA G.V. , ANSHITS A.G.
Published: February 2025

A systematic study of the compositions of individual particles smaller than 10 μm in size (PM10) in the dispersed fraction of fly ash from the pulverised combustion of lignite from the Kansk-Achinsk basin has been carried out by scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). It is established that microspheres and particles of nonspherical shapes, belonging by size to the class of environmentally hazardous suspended particles PM10, depending on the content of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3, form several groups in the formation of which different mineral precursors are involved. A significant part (64 %) of dispersed particles is characterised by high CaO content ranging from 40 to 68 wt%, about 1/3 of the particles contain increased amounts of aluminosilicate components (SiO2 and Al2O3) up to 82 and 40 wt%, respectively, and ~3 % of the particles exhibit high iron content (Fe2O3) within the range of 34-65 wt%. A comparative analysis of the relationship between the concentrations of macrocomponents in the form of dependences [SiO2] = ƒ[Al2O3] and [SiO2 + Al2O3] = ƒ[CaO + Fe2O3 + MgO] allows us to state that the main mineral precursors of environmentally hazardous suspended particles PM10 formed during lignite combustion are complex Ca,Mg,Fe-humates, feldspars, mostly anorthite, mica-like minerals of chlorite type, and quartz. During lignite combustion, feldspar and mica melt forming the glass phase. After humate oxidation, organically bound Ca, Mg and Fe form highly reactive oxides readily reacting with each other and SiO2, to be included in aluminosilicate glass with the formation of complex compounds of different composition: silicates, aluminosilicates, aluminoferrites.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННАЯ ДИНАМИКА НАСЕЛЕНИЯ МАЛЫХ ГОРОДОВ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ
Authors: ВОРОБЬЕВ Н.В. , ВОРОБЬЕВ А.Н. , ИППОЛИТОВА Н.А.
Published: February 2025

Представлены результаты выявления пространственно-временных взаимосвязей динамики населения малых городов Западной Сибири во втором десятилетии XXI в. Объектом исследования являются 56 малых городов (с численностью населения до 50 тыс. чел.). Основными источниками статистической информации послужили данные Федеральной службы государственной статистики (Росстата) за период между переписями населения 2010 г. и 2020 г. Выделены пять групп малых городов по изменению численности населения за 2011-2022 гг., дана их характеристика. В среднем для всех малых городов характерно снижение численности населения на 4 %. В большинстве малых городов Западной Сибири численность населения снижается, и только в городах - центрах добычи нефти и газа (Ханты-Мансийский и Ямало-Ненецкий автономные округа) и крупных центрах переработки сельскохозяйственной продукции (Новосибирская область) отмечается положительная динамика. Самой многочисленной (39 %) является группа городов с незначительным снижением численности населения. К настоящему времени в малых городах практически завершилась перестройка структуры хозяйства, поэтому в ближайшие годы, вероятно, сохранится их экономический профиль.

The article presents the results of revealing the spatio-temporal interrelations of the population dynamics of small towns in Western Siberia in the second decade of the 21st century. The object of the study is 56 small towns (with a population of up to 50 thousand people). The main sources of statistical information were data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) for the period between the 2010 and 2020 population censuses. Five groups of small towns have been identified according to the population change in 2011-2022, and their characteristics are given. On average, all small towns are characterized by a 4 % decrease in population. In most small towns in Western Siberia, the population is declining, and only in cities that are centers of oil and gas production (Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs) and large centers of processing agricultural products (Novosibirsk Oblast) there is a positive trend. The largest (39 %) is the group of cities with a slight decrease in population. By now, the restructuring of the economic structure in small towns has almost been completed, so their economic profile is likely to remain in the coming years.
РОЛЬ В.А. СНЫТКО В ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ ЭОЛОВОЙ МИГРАЦИИ ВЕЩЕСТВА НА ЮГЕ СИБИРИ
Authors: БАЖЕНОВА О.И. , ТЮМЕНЦЕВА Е.М.
Published: February 2025

Освещается значительный вклад В.А. Снытко в изучение перемещения вещества эоловыми процессами в степных и лесостепных геосистемах Сибири. Большое внимание ученый уделял Байкальскому региону. На основе анализа гидротермической обстановки и специальных экспериментов им было установлено, что интенсивность эоловой миграции вещества является отражением климатической ситуации, показателем состояния ландшафтов и степени их техногенной трансформации. В каждом исследуемом ландшафте В.А. Снытко учитывал режим ветров, господствующих в районах активной дефляции и аккумуляции эоловых отложений. Совместно с польскими исследователями им выполнена типизация эоловых урочищ. Установленные морфологические и динамические признаки современной эоловой миграции вещества важны в целях географического прогнозирования. Отмечена большая роль эоловых процессов в пространственной дифференциации вещества. Показано, что антропогенное использование песчаных берегов Байкала привело к их деградации и нарушило ход эоловых процессов. В результате многолетних исследований выявлены особенности трансформации функционирования эоловых геосистем. Отмечено, что все байкальские геосистемы требуют бережного отношения. Результаты исследования отражены в многочисленных статьях, сборниках и монографиях.

The article highlights the significant contribution of V.A. Snytko to the study of matter movement by aeolian processes in the steppe and forest-steppe geosystems of Siberia. The scientist paid much attention to the Baikal region. Based on the analysis of the hydrothermal environment and special experiments, he established that the intensity of aeolian migration of matter is a reflection of the climatic situation, and an indicator of the state of landscapes and the degree of their technogenic transformation. In each studied landscape, V.A. Snytko took into consideration the wind regime prevailing in areas of active deflation and accumulation of aeolian deposits. Together with Polish researchers, he carried out a typification of aeolian tracts. The established morphological and dynamic features of modern aeolian migration of matter are important for the purposes of geographical forecasting. The great role of aeolian processes in the spatial differentiation of matter is noted. It is shown that anthropogenic use of the sandy shores of Lake Baikal led to their degradation and disrupted the course of aeolian processes. As a result of many years of research, the features of the transformation of the functioning of aeolian geosystems have been identified. It has been noted that all Baikal geosystems require careful handling. The results of the research are reported in numerous articles, collections and monographs.
Phonetic-graphic adaptation and orthography of new borrowings in the modern Ukrainian communication space
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Hordiienko Olesia
Published: February 2025

The main problems of phonetic-graphic mastery and spelling of the latest borrowings in the modern Ukrainian communicative space.
The article highlights the main problems in the phonetic adaptation of the latest borrowed lexemes that have recently begun to enter or have already entered the Ukrainian communicative space. It has clarified the reasons for their inconsistent transmission to the mass media.
In phonetic adaptation, foreign consonants and vowels from the phonetic systems of English, German, Spanish, and French languages, are replaced with Ukrainian consonants and vowels that are phonetically close to them. However, this process is inconsistent and often leads to the appearance of phonetic variants of new lexemes.
The study presents a list of consonant and vowel sounds that often need to be corrected or more consistently adapted to the norms of Ukrainian orthography and orthoepy in modern written mass media discourse.
In the system of consonantism, the cases of inconsistent transmission in common names of sounds are analyzed: [g] is transmitted in writing by letters г and ґ (гаджет − ґаджет, гайд − ґайд); [h] is transmitted in writing by letters г and x (гакатон − хакатон, лайфгак − лайфхак, стейголдер − стейкхолдер).
In the system of vocalism, the non-normative use of the letter и in common names after the letters д, т, з (дз), с, ц, ж (ж), х, ш, р before the next consonant (except й) was fixed in such words as стрім (instead стрим), стрімити (instead стримити), стрімінговий (instead стримінговий), etc.; inconsistent transmission of the English open vowel [æ] by the Ukrainian sounds [е] and [а] (letters е and а) in such words as айпад − айпед, геймпад − геймпед, тачпад − тачпед, омбудсман − омбудсмен; inconsistent adaptation of the English diphthong [ei], for example, донейт – донат, бейгл − багел.
It has been noted the correct transmission of the neo-borrowings in Ukrainian mass media according to the norms of the current Ukrainian spelling is still limited.
Keywords: neo-borrowings, anglicisms, phonetic adaptation, transliteration, transcription.
New Records of Helminth Parasites in Amphibians from the South American Chaco
Authors: González M. A , Villegas Ojeda M. A. , Caraballo J. N. , Ailán Choke L. G. , Hamann M. I. , Duré M. I. , Gómez V. I. , González C. E.
Published: February 2025

This study aims to identify the helminth fauna of twelve anurans species from Argentina's Dry and Humid Chaco ecoregions. We collected one hundred and fifty-two specimens belonging to the species Dendropsophus nanus (n = 17), Scinax nasicus (n = 15), Pithecopus azureus (n = 7), Pseudis platensis (n = 10), Trachycephalus typhonius (n = 7) (Hylidae), Leptodactylus bufonius (n = 3), Leptodactylus latinasus (n = 16), L. luctator (n = 14), L. macrosternum (n = 12), Physalaemus santafecinus (n = 14), P. albonotatus (n = 11) (Leptodactylidae), and Elachistocleis haroi (n = 26) (Microhylidae) from 3 areas located in the provinces of Chaco and Formosa (Dry Chaco) and in Corrientes province (Humid Chaco). A total of 17 helminth taxa were found; acanthocephalans in the larval stage (Centrorhynchidae: Centrorhynchus sp.) and nematodes in the larval stage (Anisakidae: Contracaecum; Ascarididae: Porrocaecum; Physalopteridae: Physaloptera; aff. Cystidicolidae) and adult stage (Rhabdiasidae: Rhabdias sp., R. elegans; Strongyloididae: Strongyloides pereirai; Molineidae: Oswaldocruzia proencai, O. subauricularis; Pharyngodonidae: Parapharyngodon senisfaciecaudus cubensis; Cosmocercidae: Aplectana hylambatis, Cosmocerca parva, C. podicipinus, Cosmocercella phyllomedusae, Schrankiana formosula; Kathlaniidae: Falcaustra mascula). This study presents new host and geographic records and expands knowledge of helminth diversity in a critically threatened group of vertebrates.
Empirical observations of crop and integrated soil fertility management interventions in the central and south western Ethiopia
Authors:   Holetta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia, Getamesay Shiwenzu , Ruth Damtachew ,   Holetta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia, Ayalenesh Melesse ,   Holetta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia, Ayalew Adella ,   Holetta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia
Published: February 2025

The introduction of different improved and high yielding crop varieties has increased the possibility of getting improved seed and diversified the cropping systems in the model watersheds. Moreover, the formulation of byelaw has assisted farmers by helping them to transfer seed from farmer to farmer and became accountable for their actions. In regard to this demonstration trial has been made by using random complete clock design. Major crops in the watershed, i.e. Teff and wheat were used with 4 different treatments, negative control, compost, NP and NP & compost. The experiment was analyzed using SAS software. The result shows that there is a significant difference in terms of yield between treatments. The application of inorganic fertilizer alone was significantly superior in yield and plant height. In spite of this the yield gained from both application of compost and inorganic fertilizers should be an option. The research demonstrated that use of organic fertilizer was important aspect of agriculture and efficient ways and agricultural machineries should be developed in order to boost organic farming system in the country. In general female participations and investment on informal education of the farmers is important. Furthermore, strengthening crop production with that of land and erosion management through watershed approaches should be facilitated.
Adaptability and yield performance evaluation of onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties in Jimma zone, Southwestern Ethiopia.
Authors:   Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Neim Semman , Getachew Etana ,   Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Tewodros Mulualem (PhD) ,   Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center
Published: February 2025

Onions (Allium cepa L.) are the crucial vegetable crop used in treating number of diseases. The adaptation trial of three improved onion varieties (Nanthus, Adama red and Bombe red) with one local check was done in Jimma zone at Agaro Agricultural Research Sub-center which is trial site of Jimma Agricultural Research Center for two consecutive cropping seasons of 2016 and 2017 budget year using RCBD design with three replications. The analysis of different quantitative collected data, especially, marketable fruit numbers and marketable fruit weight detected significant differences among varieties with Bombe red performing well adapted and provided highest yield in both cropping seasons with the overall result yield performance of 71.51 tons/ha next to local varieties which provided 64.34 tons/ha of revealing well adapted and superiority of all marketable yield and inferior unmarketable yield. So, this variety recommended enhancing the production and productivities thereby boosting income generation of farmers and stabilizing market inflation is possible using this improved variety.
Rural Farmers Participatory Soil Quality Assessment in Ibiono Ibom Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
Authors:   Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323 Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Kamalu Onyinyechi Jas , Ndeh Aniebiet  Bassey ,   Crop and Soil Science Department, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323 Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

This study centered on rural farmers’ participatory soil quality assessment in eight communities (Ibiaku Osuk, Ikot Usen, Use Ndon, Ikpa Ikot Uneke, Ibiaku Ikot Usan, Use Ikot Amama, Edem Uraua and Oko-Ita) of Ibiono Ibom Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The approaches employed were on-farm and household interviews. The study was based on administration of questionnaires and focus group discussions. A total of sixty (60) farmers were involved in the study. The rural farmers in Ibiono Ibom area consider soil quality in relation to the following aspects: visual appearance (soil colour and organic matter), Ease of tillage operation (soil texture), land forms (slope, erosion threat, drainage) and History of the land (fallow period, past yield record and prevalent weed in the area). The farmers in Ibiono Ibom have three soil quality classes using colour as index. These classes are: Obubid Isong (black or dark soil) which is ranked to be the best in terms of productivity, Idaidat Isong (red or dark brown soil) and Isong Mbat (gray bleached, heavy and poorly drained). Based on texture, the soils were classified as; Isong Mberi (presence of high organic matter and very easy to till), Isong ntan/ adan ntan (soils high in sand content) which soil type is believed to be a bad soil because it does not have a good water retention capacity, leaching of nutrients easily occur and organic matter content is low, Isong Mbat/Aduang Isong (soils high in clay content and poorly drained) and Ikon-eto (hard soils, often characterized by the presence of stones and tree stumps). The ranking of soil properties as soil quality determinant in the area was of the descending order; Colour and Past Harvest record > Texture > Vegetation > Fallow period > Topography > Location > Ease of Tillage > Drainage.