bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAD65 antibody prevalence and association with c-peptide, HLA class II alleles in Beninese patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Fagbemi Kaossarath A. , Azonbakin Simon , Adjagba Marius , Osseni Razack , Babio Rafiath , Amoussou-Guenou Daniel , Darboux Raphael , Laleye Anatole , Baba-Moussa Lamine
Published: July 2017

Background: Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase and particularly their isoforms in 65 kDa are one of markers for the diagnosis of the type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of GAD65 antibodies (GAD65Ab) and investigate the association of GAD65Ab with C-peptide values, HLA Class II alleles genotyping. The diagnosis of T1D was set up according to American Diabetes Association criteria.Methods: Radioimmunoassay was used to determine the GAD65Ab and C-peptide values. Class II HLA genotyping was performed in 51 patients with T1D and 51 healthy unrelated as control by using the PCR-SSP method. The sensitivity and specificity of the tests were calculated by standard formula.Results: Result revealed that GAD65Ab were present in 74.5% (38/51) of the patients with T1D. There was no significant difference between the positivity or the negativity of GAD65Ab and gender, onset and duration of diabetes, frequencies of HLA-DR4, HLA-DR3-DR4, HLA-DQB1*0201. However, GAD65Ab values are linked to C-peptide concentration (χ2 =15.73, P=0.0001), the presence of HLA-DR3 (χ2 =9.75, P= 0.002), HLA-DQA1*0501 (χ2 =4.09, P= 0.043) alleles. The GAD65Ab test sensitivity and specificity were 74.5% and 94.1%, respectively. The C-peptide test showed a sensitivity around 82.4 % and 86.3 % for the specificity.Conclusions: GAD65Ab showed to be a valuable early predictive marker and is associated with the risk to develop of T1D.
Microbiological surveillance of operation theatre in a tertiary care hospital in North East India
Authors: Yadav Monika , Pal Rohan , Sharma Somorjit H. , Khumanthem Sulochana D.
Published: July 2017

Background: Good hospital hygiene is an integral part of infection control programme. “Microbiological surveillance” provides data about the factors contributing to infection. Bacterial counts in operation theatres are influenced by number of individual present, ventilation and air flow methods. Purpose of the study is to find out prevalence rate of microorganisms in Operation Theatre, to find out the frequency of contamination from various sites in operation theatre.Methods: The study was conducted in the department of microbiology, Regional institute of medical sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India. Air samples were taken by settle plate method in petri dishes containing blood agar and surface samples were taken by a sterile swab soaked in nutrient broth from all operation theatres. The samples were processed according to standard operative procedures.Results: Least bacterial colony forming unit (CFU) was shown by ophthalmology OT 17 CFU/mm3 and highest was shown by emergency OT 200 CFU/mm3. Isolated organism was divided into normal flora (CONS, micrococci), contaminant (bacillus species) and pathogenic organism e.g. Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp. 15 (23.4%) swab samples out of a total of 64 swab samples were found to be growth positive. Out of that 4 CONS, 4 micrococci, 3 Bacillus spp, 2 Acinetobacter spp, 1 Enterobacter spp, 1 Pseudomonas spp. were isolated.Conclusions: Strengthening surveillance and laboratory capacity will surely enhance infection prevention and control. Routine sampling is strongly recommended for increasing awareness to identify and control all possible sources and types of infections.
Cross-sectional descriptive observational study of RT PCR proven category C H1N1 patients at tertiary care centre from January 2015- December 2015
Authors: Paritekar Anita A. , Bansode Mahendra V. , Waikar Anushka K. , Borse Rohidas T.
Published: July 2017

Background: The onset of winter of 2014-2015 saw an alarming spurt in influenza A (H1N1) pdm 09 leading to a significant mortality. H1N1 primarily affects the very young, elderly, pregnancy and those patients with comorbidities. But the epidemiologic hallmark of pandemic influenza is its "pandemic signature " meaning most early mortalities are among young healthy adults.Methods: To study clinical profile, premorbid conditions and radiological features of Category C H1N1 proven by RTPCR retrospectively from hospital records from Jan 2015 to Dec 2015 at Tertiary Care Centre.Results: Total 108 cases RT PCR proven category C H1N1 studied from hospital records. 43 were males and 65 females. The mean age group was 50 years for males and 40 for females. Common symptoms were fever, cough, dyspnoea with pre-morbid illness like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, cancer and immune compromised with pulmonary tuberculosis. Radiologically there was lower zone involvement common in live patients and reticulonodular was common in death cases.Conclusions: In current study young to middle age group was commonly affected. Pre-morbid conditions, more than two risk factors and late referral were the most common findings in death cases.
Study of the weights of human heart and liver in relation with age, gender and body height
Authors: Deepika K. , Sushma M. , Kumar D. Vinod
Published: July 2017

Background: Normal weight of organ is one of the most important indicators to discern between normal and abnormal in the departments of Anatomy, Pathology also as in clinical medicine. Objective of the study was to examine the normal adult internal organ weights and their relationship with age, gender, body height.Methods: The present study included 100 autopsy cases from the mortuary of Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad from May 2012 to September 2013. The subjects were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria to avoid variations arising out of pathology. The ages ranged from 10 to 60 years and out of which 29 were females and 71 were males. The organs studied were heart and liver.Results: The weight of organs with mean+standard deviation (SD) was represented for males and females respectively; heart 294+48 / 287+44gms, liver 1404 + 191/ 1283+ 169gms.Conclusions: A positive relationship was found between organ weight with age and body height in both males and females. Organ weights in males were comparatively higher than females.
Clinical profile of patients with cutaneous disorders
Authors: Singh Khileshwar , Dhruv Kamlesh , Thakur Amit
Published: July 2017

Background: 50-75% of all the patients who are on dialysis suffer from significant xerosis. But the exact cause is difficult to trace. Acquired ichthyosis is seen in some patients. Atrophy of sebaceous glands is seen in patients with uraemia. Such patients also show overall decrease in sweet volume. Objective was to study the clinical profile of patients with cutaneous disorders.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was carried out from September 2012 to February 2013 at a tertiary care centre of Late Baliram Kashyap memorial government medical college, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India. A total of 50 patients with cutaneous disorders were studied with respect to their clinical profile. Patients not willing to participate in the present study as per the protocol were excluded from the study. But patients giving their willingness to participate in the present study as per the protocol of the study were included in the study.Results: The males constituted 58% of the total cases and the females constituted 42% of the total cases. Maximum patients were seen in the fourth and fifth decade of their life i.e. 24% followed by the age group of 31-40 years i.e. 22%. The most common cutaneous manifestation was pruritus in 24% of cases followed by xerosis in 16% of cases. Next most common cutaneous manifestation was Tinea versicolor inn 14% of cases followed by oral candidiasis in 8% of cases and scabies were seen in 6% of cases. Both among males and females, pruritus was the most common skin lesion seen.Conclusions: The most common cutaneous lesion found in the present study was pruritus in 24% of cases followed by xerosis (16%), Tinea versicolor (14%), oral candidiasis (8%) and scabies in 6% of cases. Cases of nail changes, herpes zoster, Tinea cruris, hyper pigmentation, folliculitis, Exfoliative dermatitis, and Kyrle’s disease, Vitiligo, Melisma and Keloid were also seems.
Analysis of reactivity pattern of venereal disease research laboratory test in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: P. Prabahar , C. Vijayabhaskar
Published: July 2017

Background: In India, sexually transmitted diseases are one of the major risk factors for acquisition of HIV and infertility. Most of the sexually transmitted diseases are asymptomatic and we rely on cytology, culture, serological evidence and sexual history to diagnose them. VDRL and TPHA are the two most important serological tests in the diagnosis of syphilis. Aim of the study was analysis of quantitative VDRL reactivity pattern and the prevalence of false positive VDRL.Methods: 7543 patient records were taken. Age, gender, and referral status were recorded. Total records of study population were divided into 2 groups. Group 1- true positive-both VDRL and TPHA Positive. Group II- False positive- VDRL positive and TPHA negative.Results: Among 7543 cases the ratio of True positive: false positive = 84:16 and in both groups males outnumbered females. In both groups, low titer VDRL took 70%. 61% of false positive cases were in the older age group.Conclusions: True positives were seen mainly in younger sexually active age group with majority having low titer VDRL (Less than 1:8) emphasizing the need for creating awareness of STDs among this age group and the need for early interventions.
Comparison of BACTEC MGIT with conventional methods for detection of Mycobacteria in clinically suspected patients of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Saini Deepali , Singh Amit , Kumar Adesh , Rawat Rajani , Verma Rajesh K. , Singh Dharmendra P.
Published: July 2017

Background: Tuberculosis is an important public health problem in India and globally.  Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) constitutes for approximately 15 to 20 per cent of all cases of tuberculosis in immunocompetent patients and accounts for more than 50 per cent of the cases in HIV- positive individuals. Main problem with the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is the paucibacillary nature of the specimen, which makes the diagnosis difficult and delay the treatment. With this in background, this study aimed at the isolation of Mycobacteria from clinical specimens of patients suspected of extra pulmonary tuberculosis using BACTEC MGIT, Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media and direct acid-fast bacilli smear examination.Methods: A total of 66 samples were processed for direct AFB smear examination, and culture on MGIT and LJ media. Acid fast staining of the specimens was done using the Ziehl-Neelsen method.Results: Among 66 specimens, MGIT gave a higher yield of mycobacteria (46.9%), lower contamination rate (3%) and shorter time to positive culture as compared to LJ media.Conclusions: MGIT gives higher yield and faster results.
Sexual dimorphism in stapes by discriminant functional analysis
Authors: Singh Kamal , Rohilla Aarti
Published: July 2017

Background: Sexing of human skeleton is highly contested subject and is usually done by using morphological and metrical traits of big intact bones like skull, mandible, pelvis and long bones etc.1 The stapes remains well protected by being housed in the middle ear, even in the mutilated bodies.Methods: The morphometric study of the 120 human stapes bones from 60 unidentified cadavers was aimed to know the presence of sexual dimorphism.Results: The weight and measurements of footplate could be a good criterion for determining percentage accuracy as male and female respectively and could be used as a potential tool for determination of sex.Conclusions: The study of normal dimensions and indices of stapes will provide insight to the forensic experts for deciding the sex of an individual in the disputed cases. Our findings are the results for guidance and future manipulation in the forensic and legal medicine.
Estimation of salivary glycoconjugates and salivary ros levels in chronic periodontitis: a clinico-biochemical study
Authors: Roy Jenny Susan , Manjunath Nandini , Bhat Kishore , George Anjana Mary , Nishana Fathimath , Mathew Lia
Published: July 2017

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontal tissue, characterized by persistent inflammation of the connective tissue and alveolar bone destruction. Patients with periodontal disease show the differences in the composition of saliva. Newer diagnostic tools based on analysis of body fluids such as saliva, GCF and serum are found to be useful for diagnosis as well as monitoring the disease activity. Thus, aim of the study was to estimate the concentration of salivary glycoconjugates (sialic acid, total protein) and salivary ROS in unstimulated whole saliva of subjects with chronic periodontitis and to compare the concentration with healthy/gingivitis subjects.Methods: The study sample consisted of 60 subjects (33 males and 27 females) with age ranging from 30-60 years. A detailed case history was taken from all the subjects and periodontal disease parameters (bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels) were recorded at baseline and subjects were divided into 2 groups. Group I- control group (healthy/gingivitis subjects) and Group II -test group (chronic periodontitis). Saliva samples were collected from the subjects and stored at -700 ºC.  Periodate Resorcinol Assay was done to estimate the levels of sialic acid, Biuret test was done to assess the levels of total protein and  d-ROMs test was done to assess the level of ROS. Statistical analysis was done using students unpaired ‘t’ test and Pearsons correlation test. Results: It was found that the levels of salivary glycoconjugates and ROS are increased in subjects with chronic periodontitis when compared to healthy/gingivitis subjects. Thus it can reflect the clinical status of gingival and periodontal tissues.Conclusions: Estimation of the levels of glycoconjugates and ROS may be used as one of the reliable biomarkers to assess the severity of periodontal disease and to monitor the disease progression.
Positioning for regional anesthesia in femur fracture surgeries: how effective is femoral nerve block? a randomised control study
Authors: Purohit Swetha , Ejjapuredi Sireesha , Badami Ramachandra N.
Published: July 2017

Background: Fracture of the femur is a common orthopaedic problem following trauma in patients of all ages. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of femoral nerve block (FNB) in positioning the patients for regional anesthesia.Methods: 100 patients between the ages 18 to 80 years, of ASA grade I, II and III, scheduled for elective surgeries of femur fracture were evaluated in 2 groups. Group FNB (n=50) received femoral nerve block with 15ml of 1.5% lignocaine and Group. Non FNB (n=50) was not given any block. Assessment of pain was carried out using visual analog scale (VAS). This was rated before, during and after the procedure of positioning for spinal/combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSE). Vital parameters were tabulated.Results: VAS scores were noted at 0, 2, 5,10,15 minutes and at the time of positioning. VAS scores at 15 minutes after FNB was 1.473 ±0.1639 and 8.250±0.3615 in patients without FNB. Time taken for CSE was significantly less in FNB group (13.026±0.4628) minutes as compared to non FNB group (19.660 ±0.3742) minutes. Patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in FNB group (45/50) 1.4952±0.033 as compared to non FNB group (10/50) 0.3460±0.1786. Quality of patient positioning was better in FNB group (2.782 ±0.1273) as compared to non FNB (1.382±0.2473).Conclusions:This study concludes that FNB is highly effective in giving good pain relief for positioning for regional anaesthetic procedures improving performance time and offers higher acceptance among patients with femoral fractures.
Extreme drug resistant A.baumannii associated with CLA-BSI in Kanpur
Authors: Pal Nidhi , Sujatha R.
Published: July 2017

Background: Nosocomial bloodstream infection on the critically ill patients has been associated with high mortality. Central venous catheters (CVC) have become essential in the management of patients who are critically ill and those who require long-term medical care. This study was conducted to determine the Central line associated blood stream infections (CLA-BSIs) due to A.baumannii its risk factors and antibiotic resistant patterns.Methods: A total of 52 samples (blood or central line tip) were received from patients with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis after central venous catheterization. The semi quantitative method was used for catheter tip culture. Bacterial identification and antibiotics resistant pattern was performed by Standard microbiological protocol.Results: Of 52 test samples (blood or central line tip), 2 pathogenic strains were isolated from blood, 2 strains of A.baumannii isolated from catheter tips were colonizer and 3 strains of A.baumannii were pathogenic which caused CLA-BSI. The rate of CLABSI due A.baumannii was 11.11 per 1000 catheter days. All A.baumannii were extreme drug resistant (XDR). They only sensitive for polymyxins and tegicyclines.Conclusions: Central venous catheters are increasingly being used in critical care and have been directly related to patient mortality and morbidity. Microbiological surveillance may guide management of multidrug resistant isolates and its complications. Proper infection control practices can reduce the nosocomial infection rate.
The effectiveness of intravenous dexmedetomidine on haemodynamic responses during tracheal extubation in patients undergoing craniotomies
Authors: Goyal Shikha , Bandil Megha , Bansal Ram Pratap
Published: July 2017

Background: Dexmedetomidine an α2 agonist reduces heart rate and blood pressure due to sympatholytic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on haemodynamic response during endotracheal extubation in patients undergoing craniotomies for intracranial space occupying lesion (ICSOL).Methods: Sixty patients of ASA grade I and II, age 18-50 years scheduled for craniotomy for nonvascular ICSOL were selected after randomization into 2 groups with 30 patients in each group. Group D and C received an IV infusion of dexmedetomidine 0.5 mg/kg and normal saline 100 ml respectively over 10 min at the time of skin closure in a double-blind manner. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded just before drug administration, 3 and 5 minutes after drug administration, during extubation and at 3, 5, 10 and 15 minutes after extubation. Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were analyzed at 3, 5, 10 and15 minutes after extubation. Any laryngospasm, bronchospasm, desaturation, respiratory depression, vomiting, hypotension and bradycardia was noted.Results: Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased during emergence time in both groups (p<0.05) but this increase was more significant in control group than group D. SBP and heart rate were significantly lower in group D from 3 minutes after drug administration to 15 minutes after extubation. DBP was lower in group D during extubation till 15 minutes after extubation (p<0.01). No significant differences were observed in the respect of adverse events between the groups.Conclusions: Intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.5 mg/kg before extubation is attenuates haemodynamic response during endotracheal extubation in craniotomies.
Analysis of perceived stress, cardiovascular and central nervous system changes before and after menstruation in the age group 18-22 years
Authors: Pardeshi Amita M.
Published: July 2017

Background: Premenstrual syndrome is a set of physical, behavioural or emotional symptoms that some women experience on regular basis in relation to menstruation. Premenstrual symptoms have been associated with perceived stress, and perceived stress is the strongest predictor of premenstrual syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the premenstrual stress and its effect on cardiovascular system and sensorimotor association and processing capability of central nervous system.Methods: The present study was done in 60 healthy female volunteers in age group of 18-22 years. We measured following parameters during premenstrual and postmenstrual phases- pulse rate, blood pressure, weight, auditory and visual reaction time and perceived stress with the help of Cohen’s perceived stress scale.Results: The study revealed that significant increase was observed in perceived stress, pulse rate, blood pressure, weight, auditory reaction time (ART), and visual reaction time (VRT) during premenstrual period as compared to postmenstrual period.Conclusions: These changes could be attributed to fluid and salt retention due to ovarian steroids and to exaggerated response to hormonal changes leading to decrease in the processing capability of central nervous system. It is not clear how stress may contribute to increased pre-menstrual symptom severity, although stress-induced changes in ovarian hormone levels and neurotransmitters may be involved.
To study the relation between spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and serum ascitis albumin gradient in chronic liver disease patients
Authors: Verma Rajendra Kumar , Giri Richa , Agarwal Mayuri , Srivastava Vaibhav
Published: July 2017

Background: About half the patients with cirrhosis develop ascites during 10 years of observation. The present study was designed to study the relation between spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and serum ascites albumin gradient in chronic liver disease patients.Methods: This prospective observational study was done in 55 patients with chronic liver disease attending IPD of tertiary hospital. Based on investigation findings, patients were divided into two groups: Group A-Patients with sterile cirrhotic ascites, Group B- Patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Detailed history, examination and relevant investigation were done. Data was collected, recorded and statistical calculation was done using in Microsoft excel 2007.Results: Most common presenting symptoms of SBP patients were increasing ascites refractory to treatment (90%), followed by peripheral edema (80%). Jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy was found in 75% and 65% respectively. Serum and ascites albumin levels were lower in Group B (2.54±0.33 and 0.43±0.23 g/dl respectively) as compared to Group A (2.85±0.36 and 0.91±0.31 g/dl respectively) and it was statistically significant. The Mean±SD of SAAG for group A and group B was (1.94±0.36) and (2.09±0.47 g/dl) respectively. This difference was statistically not significant.Conclusions:Study conclude that the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in chronic liver disease patients with sterile ascites is directly proportional to ascitic fluid albumin and serum albumin concentration whereas occurrence of SBP is not affected by variation in SAAG ratio if it is already higher than 1.1 g/dl.
Rickettsial neglected zoonoses: prevalence of scrub typhus at central Karnataka
Authors: C. S. Vinod Kumar , Patil Satish , Prasad B. S. , Kalappanavar N. K. , Jayaraj S. G. , K. Niranjan , Jayaprakash Roopa , K. G. Raghu Kumar , K. G. Basavarajappa , V. L. Jayasimha
Published: July 2017

Background: Fever of unknown Origin (FUO) has many multiple causes such as enteric fever, malaria, dengue, tuberculosis, brucellosis. But scrub typhus is less known cause in Indian scenario. The present study reports the prevalence of scrub typhus at central Karnataka and compares the sensitivity and specificity of Weil-Felix test and the IgM ELISA in the detection of infection.Methods: 368 serum samples of FUO cases were collected. Weil-Felix test was performed and also analyzed for IgM antibodies to Orienta tsutsugamushi by IgM ELISA test along with haematological and biochemical investigations.Results: Out of 368 patients of fever of unknown origin, 94 cases were positive by OXK antigens by Weil Felix test and 61 were positive by ELISA test for ST IgM antibodies. Fever was the most common clinical presentation occurring in ST IgM ELISA positive cases, followed by myalgia in 90.1% cases, headache in 77%, hepatomegaly in 65.5%, splenomegaly in 62.2% and rashes were seen in 29.5% patients. Eschar was seen in 13.1% patients, pneumonia in 3.2% and meningo-encephalitis in 1.6%. Sensitivity and specificity of WFT in relation to IgM ELISA at a titre of 160 was 81.97% and 85.67% respectively.Conclusions: With the growing number of cases detected in India, scrub typhus is fast emerging as a public health threat and also due to limited diagnostics leading to underreporting, Weil Felix test could be used in adjunct with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and blood parameters in the diagnosis of rickettsial diseases.
Presier’s disease: idiopathic avascular necrosis of scaphoid in a case presenting with wrist pain in young male
Authors: Suthar Pokhraj P. , Parmar Gaurav R. , Trivedi Chinmay , Vithlani Hemen I.
Published: July 2017

A 25-years-old male presented with complain of pain in right wrist and difficulty in gripping objects. No history of trauma to the right wrist joint. On local examination, tenderness was present in right anatomical snuff box. Tenderness was elicited by axial compression on right first metacarpal with decreased range of the motion at the right wrist compare to the left side. Routine blood investigation was within normal limits. X-ray of the right wrist joint showed minimal sclerotic in right scaphoid. On MRI right wrist joint, low intensity signal was seen involving the whole right scaphoid bone on T1 weighted, T2 weighted and STIR images with loss of normal marrow signal intensity. So according to the Herbert and Lanzetta it was stage 4 and Kalainov et al, type 1 avascular necrosis.  Diagnosis of idiopathic avascular necrosis of the right scaphoid bone was postulated based on clinical and radiological findings. Patient was treated with vascularised pedicle bone graft from the right distal radius. The patient was gradually improved clinically with subsidence of pain and improvement in the grip strength over 1 year.
Utility of MRI in diagnosis of empty Sella syndrome in a young female with amenorrhoea and bilateral nipple discharge
Authors: Suthar Pokhraj P. , Parmar Gaurav R. , Trivedi Chinmay , Vithlani Hemen I.
Published: July 2017

Empty sella syndrome is a rare disease in which sella turcica appears empty. It can be asymptomatic or may have symptoms due to hormonal disturbances. Here we report a case of 35-years-old female who presented with amenorrhoea and bilateral nipple discharge.
Clinical profile of patients of poisoning admitted in emergency department in a teaching hospital, MAMC, Agroha, Haryana, India
Authors: Shah Mohd Y. , Naqash Mohd M. , Shah Faisal Y. , Shah Faizan Y.
Published: July 2017

3 Million Serious poisoning (1 million accidentals and 2 million suicide attempts) occur each year worldwide.1 India ranks second in Asia in annual pesticide consumption.2 A study was conducted (1 year) wherein patients with history of poisoning were admitted from different catchment areas of hospital (30 Km radius). The total number of patients admitted during study period was 61. Patients had consumed these agents to attempt suicide. Out of 61 patients 26 were male and rest 37 were females. 18 patients died and rest survived. The precipitating factors in the suicide attempts were stranded relations with husband/wife, failure in examination and confrontation with parents. The availability of these poisonous substances in the household make people to consume these agents on slight provocation.3 All our patients, though majority were literate, were from families who had agricultural land and majority of their family members were farmers. Table 1 and Table 2 depict the characteristics and clinical profile of 61 patients admitted during the study period.
Факторы, влияющие на целесообразность образования или вступления в валютный и экономический союз: теоретический и эмпирический анализ
Authors: Добронравова Елизавета Петровна , Перевышин Юрий Николаевич , Туманова Елена Алексеевна , Шагас Наталия Леонидовна
Published: July 2017

В работе анализируются проблемы экономической и валютной интеграции с целью выявления как общих факторов, влияющих на решения об осуществлении этой интеграции, так и специфических для отдельных союзов. Рассматривается теоретико-игровая модель, в которой сравниваются общественные потери стран до и после вступления в валютный союз при различных режимах координации политики Центрального банка. На фактических данных по странам ЕАЭС проверено соответствие объединяющихся стран выделенным в теоретических моделях критериям успешной экономической и валютной интеграции. Проанализировано влияние структура экспорта на последствия интеграционных процессов.
Предложена методика сравнительной оценки инновационного потенциала. На ее основе проведен анализ динамики инновационного потенциала стран-участниц ЕАЭС.
Развитие финтех-стартапов в Российской Федерации
Authors: Брянов Георгий Алексеевич , Морозов Степан Викторович
Published: July 2017

Благодаря интенсивному развитию информационно-компьютерных технологий, а также появлению новых прорывных технологий, таких, как блокчейн, в мире наблюдается появление многочисленных финтех-стартапов. Игнорировать этот тренд нельзя, и в данной статье будут рассмотрены текущие тренды, и даны рекомендации по развитию финансовых технологических компаний в РФ.
Разработка инвестиционной стратегии для инновационных частных компаний ранних стадий на примере финтех-стартапа
Authors: Шабаршин Алексей Алексеевич , Фомин Фёдор Васильевич
Published: July 2017

В статье определены термины «инновационная стратегия» и «инновационная компания». Описаны этапы разработки инвестиционной стратегии частной компании, даны рекомендации по её составлению. Рассмотрено текущее состояние финтех-рынка как в мире, так и отдельно в России, указаны основные тенденции рынка. Составлены таблицы с основными участниками венчурного рынка в России.
Tratamiento tributario aplicable al “rendimiento financiero” generado en desarrollo de una Transferencia Temporal de Valores
Authors: Zarta Jara Lina Marcela , Quitián Calderón Jairo Andrés
Published: July 2017

La Transferencia Temporal de Valores es una operación de mercado que ha sido definida en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico desde dos puntos de vista: (i) legal y (ii) financiero. El entendimiento de la operación desde cada perspectiva resulta fundamental al momento de definir el tratamiento tributario aplicable a los ingresos que se generan en desarrollo de esta. Lo anterior constituye, precisamente, el objeto del presente artículo, en el cual expondremos nuestra posición jurídica respecto del tratamiento tributario que consideramos aplicable a los ingresos generados en las operaciones de Transferencia Temporal de Valores, específicamente en aquellas que tienen como activo subyacente de la operación acciones inscritas en bolsa de valores. Así mismo, nos proponemos analizar la posición que sobre el tema dispuso la Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales mediante Oficio n.° 000558 de 2016.
Influence of Chemical Diversity in Determining Lichen Communities Structure along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Chopta Tungnath, Western Himalaya
Authors: Shukla Vertika , Bajpai Rajesh , Semwal Manoj , Upreti D. K.
Published: July 2017

In recent years there has been growing interest in the study on lichen diversity with relation to altitudinal gradient and anthropogenic disturbances , as changes in lichen community composition may indicate air quality and microclimatic changes. The altitudinal data of species diversity and its subsequent changes with respect to time and space may provide vital information regarding impact of air pollution and/or climate change at regional or global scales. Chopta-Tungnath and adjoining areas of Garhwal Himalaya provide habitat and ecological variation with range of altitude lying between 300 to 3000 m. Out of the 116 species of lichens known from the studied area, the highest species diversity was observed between altitudes 1800 to 2100 m. Lichen communities occurring between 600–1800 m were dominated by members of Physciaceae, while Parmeliaceae were most common above 1800 m. Altitude beyond 2100 m experiences high precipitation, varying temperature conditions and increased incident UV radiation, which are responsible for controlling the variability in lichen diversity to a great extent in the region. The diversity of secondary metabolites in lichen species and consequent changes in species composition at various altitudes indicate the association of secondary chemicals in conferring the lichens resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The correlations of lichen diversity, secondary metabolites and the altitudes at which the lichens are growing, present suggestive role of secondary metabolites in determining species composition and sustainability in different environmental conditions.
Assessment of Accumulation of some Heavy Metals in Mosses of Idukki District, Kerala (Western Ghats, India)
Authors: Uniyal P. L. , Singh Anjana , Sood Anjuli , Sharma Prabha
Published: July 2017

Bryophytes constitute an important proportion of the vegetation in the Western Ghats. Recent developmental activities cause an increase in the metal contaminants in the environment which ultimately accumulate in the plant system. Mosses have been used as indicator to monitor level of environmental pollution. In the present study, eighteen moss species and their soil substrata were analyzed to evaluate the accumulation capacity of heavy metals in mosses of different sites of Idukki District of Kerala. Statistically metal concentrations showed significant differences (p=5%) in interspecies, while the accumulation capacity of Campylopodium khasianum was higher than others. The substratum showed highest content of Cr followed by Ni and Pb in all the five selected sampling sites. All the mosses showed high accumulation of Cr (III) as compared to other metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni) irrespective of their sampling sites. Among 18 mosses, Campylopodium khasianum was found to accumulate highest content of Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb, indicating that this moss can be used to reclaim soil contaminated with these metals.
Distributional Pattern of Genus Hypnum Hedw. (Bryophyta) in Relation to Habitat and Altitude at Darjeeling hills (Eastern Himalaya)
Authors: Asthana A. K. , Gupta Reesa
Published: July 2017

Hypnum Hedw. is a moss genus of family Hypnaceae which mostly occurs in temperate and sub tropical regions having ample moisture regime. The present study explicates the distribution and diversity of eight taxa of Hypnum viz. H. aduncoides (Brid.) Müll. Hal., H. cupressiforme Hedw., H. cupressiforme ssp. imponens, H. macrogynum Besch., H. sikkimense Ando, H. subimponens Lesq., H. subimponens ssp. ulophyllum (Müll. Hal.) Ando and H submolluscum Besch. occurring in Darjeeling hill region of eastern Himalaya. The distribution of all the eight species of genus Hypnum in eastern Himalaya at Darjeeling hills along the altitudinal gradient and at five different habitats has been provided.
THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM PERFORMANCE USING THE PVC (POLYVINYL CHLORIDE) STACK BY POWER INPUT VARIATION
Authors: Kharismawati Indah
Published: July 2017

The thermoacoustic refrigerator is an innovative alternative and did not use substances that had a negative impact on the environment such as freon, but using air as the working substance. The materials used the refrigerator were easily obtained and the construction components were simple so that made this refrigerator was cheap, easy to make and easy to maintain. Stack was used in the thermoacoustic refrigerator system used PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) which is parallel cylindrical shape and diameter (1.50 ± 0.05) mm and length of 8 cm. Variations of loudspeaker input power that used were 20 watt, 30 watt, 40 watt, 50 watt and 60 watt. Variations of the input power that used to determine the effect of loudspeaker input power to decreasing temperature in the operating of the thermoacoustic refrigerator system using  PVC stack. From the result, loudspeaker input power influenced on the decreasing temperature that was 6.0 °C for 20 watts, 6.7 °C for 30 watts, 7.2 °C for 40 watts, 8.0 °C for 50 watts and 9.0 °C for 60 watts. From these results indicated optimum decreasing temperature depended on the amount of loudspeaker power that was directly proportional to the decreasing temperature obtained.
Bons ventos na pesquisa em educação e história de ciências da terra
Authors: Editorial Conselho
Published: July 2017

Editorial da Terrae Didatica.
Curiosidades na nomenclatura mineralógica: Porpezita do Brasil
Authors: Roeser Hubert Mathias Peter , Schürmann Kay
Published: July 2017

Na virada do século 19 para o século 20, especialmente nos primeiros anos do século 20, surgiu o nome Porpezita, imerso em livros de mineralogia, principalmente na Europa e em especial na literatura francesa. O termo foi atribuído à liga de ouro-paládio (Au, Pd). Amostras de Porpezita chegaram a Viena, em meados do século 19, provavelmente pelo mineralogista austríaco Pohl. Dizia-se que elas teriam chegado da província Porpez no Brasil. No entanto, essa capitania não existe e jamais existiu. O mineral recebeu seu nome provavelmente de uma desfiguração do nome do estado brasileiro de Goiás. Este artigo discute três possíveis razões para tal distorção, ou seja, de como Goiás virou Porpez e como Porpez deu seu nome ao mineral Porpezita. A IMA (International Mineralogical Association) não reconhece o nome; no entanto, ele não pode ser mais banido da literatura, particularmente da InterNet.
Sistematização participativa de cursos de capacitação em solos para professores da educação básica
Authors: Cirino Fernanda Oliveira , Muggler Cristine Carole , Cardoso Irene Maria
Published: July 2017

O Programa de Educação em Solos e Meio Ambiente, do Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Viçosa oferece, desde 2004, cursos anuais de capacitação em solos para professores da Educação Básica. Após três anos consecutivos, já era possível observar os impactos da abordagem em algumas escolas de Viçosa-MG. Para analisar e refletir criticamente a influência dos cursos na prática pedagógica dos participantes desenvolveu-se pesquisa em processo de sistematização participativa, durante encontros presenciais com os participantes dos cursos de 2004, 2005 e 2006. Os resultados são apresentados neste artigo e mostram que tantoos conteúdos como os métodos desenvolvidos nos três cursos foram efetivamente apropriados pelos educadores, que valorizaram e ressignificaram o conteúdo de solos. Isso lhes deu mais segurança em sua abordagem, enriquecendo as aulas e diversificando-as com o uso de diferentes abordagens metodológicas, possibilitando inclusive a superação do livro didático como único apoio conceitual e metodológico às suas aulas.
Influência da inclinação do eixo de rotação da Terra na temperatura do ar global
Authors: Reboita Michelle Simões , Pimenta Angelita de Paula , Natividade Ulisses Antônio
Published: July 2017

O clima da Terra é controlado tanto por forçantes externas quanto internas ao sistema terrestre. Entre as forçantes externas têm-se os parâmetros orbitais de Milankovitch: excentricidade, precessão e obliquidade. Como a definição desses parâmetros e a influência deles no clima terrestre são abordadas de forma superficial nos livros-texto do ensino médio e até nos do superior, o presente estudo tem dois objetivos: (1) explicar cada parâmetro orbital de Milankovitch e como o clima da Terra é afetado por esses parâmetros e (2) avaliar, por meio de simulações numéricas, a influência do ângulo de inclinação do eixo de rotação da Terra na distribuição espacial e sazonal da temperatura do ar global. Entre os resultados, é mostrado que, quanto maior a obliquidade do eixo de rotação da Terra, a faixa de maior aquecimento durante o verão de um dado hemisfério se desloca para latitudes mais altas.
Concepções de professores de ciências naturais de Caçapava do Sul (RS, Brasil) sobre geologia local: subsídios à educação geopatrimonial
Authors: Borba André Weissheimer de , Teixeira Kathlem de Melo , Ferreira Pedro Freitas , Ferreira Patrícia de Freitas
Published: July 2017

O trabalho relata a aplicação de um levantamento (survey) realizado com os professores da área de ciências da rede pública de educação básica de Caçapava do Sul (RS, Brasil) sobre a geodiversidade local e seu potencial no ensino. O questionário foi respondido por 22 professores (de um universo próximo a 50 profissionais). Os respondentes são, em sua maioria, cidadãos oriundos da própria comunidade caçapavana, o que é positivo em termos de identificação com o município e com seus alunos. Os professores consideram seu conhecimento em geologia (geral e específico sobre Caçapava do Sul) regular a restrito, mostram-se otimistas com relação ao uso dos geossítios locais como ferramentas de ensino e dispostos a incrementar seu conhecimento e suas aulas nos aspectos relacionados às ciências da Terra. O levantamento ainda identificou mitos, confusões e equívocos sobre a geologia local, os quais serão importantes subsídios para atividades de educação geopatrimonial.
Predicción de errores de proyección de inflación en Chile
Authors: Betancor Andrea , Pincheira Pablo
Published: July 2017

En este artículo evaluamos las proyecciones de inflación provenientes de la Encuesta de Expectativas Económicas del Banco Central de Chile. Nuestro análisis, para el período 2000-2008, detecta un exceso de autocorrelación en los errores de predicción y un sesgo estadísticamente significativo hacia el final de la muestra. El sesgo y el exceso de autocorrelación encontrados posibilitan mejorar las proyecciones de inflación mediante la incorporación de un buen predictor de errores. Los resultados de un ejercicio fuera de muestra indican que el ajuste propuesto permite reducir el sesgo y el error cuadrático medio de las proyecciones de inflación hasta en 34 y 29%, respectivamente. En general estas reducciones son estadísticamente significativas.
Construction of a global solution for the one dimensional singularly-perturbed boundary value problem
Authors: Karasuljic Samir , Duvnjakovic Enes , Pasic Vedad , Barakovic Elvis
Published: July 2017

We consider an approximate solution for the one--dimensional semilinear singularly--perturbed boundary value problem, using the previously obtained numerical values of the boundary value problem in the mesh points and the representation of the exact solution using Green's function. We present an \(\varepsilon\)--uniform convergence of such gained the approximate solutions, in the maximum norm of the order \(\mathcal{O}\left(N^{-1}\right)\) on the observed domain. After that, the constructed approximate solution is repaired and we obtain a solution, which also has \(\varepsilon\)--uniform convergence, but now of order \(\mathcal{O}\left(\ln^2N/N^2\right)\) on \([0,1]\). In the end a numerical experiment is presented to confirm previously shown theoretical results.
An Electromagnetically Actuated Double-Sided Cell-Stretching Device for Mechanobiology Research
Authors: Kamble Harshad , Vadivelu Raja , Barton Mathew , Boriachek Kseniia , Munaz Ahmed , Park Sungsu , Shiddiky Muhammad J. A. , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: July 2017

Cellular response to mechanical stimuli is an integral part of cell homeostasis. The interaction of the extracellular matrix with the mechanical stress plays an important role in cytoskeleton organisation and cell alignment. Insights from the response can be utilised to develop cell culture methods that achieve predefined cell patterns, which are critical for tissue remodelling and cell therapy. We report the working principle, design, simulation and characterisation of a novel electromagnetic cell stretching platform based on the double-sided axial stretching approach. The device is capable of introducing a cyclic and static strain pattern on a cell culture. The platform was tested with fibroblasts. The experimental results are consistent with the previously reported cytoskeleton reorganisation and cell reorientation induced by strain. The orientation of the cells is highly influenced by external mechanical cues. Cells reorganise their cytoskeleton to avoid external strain and to maintain intact extracellular matrix arrangements.
A Risk Management Assessment of Rural Villages in Abhar County, Iran Using Spatial Analysis and Disaster Readiness Surveys
Authors: Hajilo Mehdi , Pennington-Gray Lori , Riahi Vahid , Talkhab Amir
Published: July 2017

Understanding the vulnerability of areas and the likelihood of specific disasters, particularly earthquakes, is one of the most important issues in Iran. One of the major concerns in Iran is the resilience of rural communities. The present study is devoted to spatial analysis of risk in rural areas and the evaluation of preparedness in the rural districts of the city of Abhar. In particular, this study evaluates the resilience to earthquakes. The research was conducted in two parts in which the first part has used the VIKOR Multiple criteria decision making model as well as the employment of this model in the ArcGis. The second part of the study used field studies, in the form of questionnaires, to evaluate the readiness of the local population against the risks of earthquakes. Four indicators, individual, physical, economic abilities and access, were assessed. The population included rural districts, where statistical samples were villagers. Results of the spatial analysis indicated that 15 villages are in the high-risk areas, 24 villages were in the medium-risk areas and all other villages were in low-risk areas. In terms of readiness of the locals, the results indicated a lack of planning with regards to the four mentioned indicators.
PENERAPAN METODE PROJECT WORK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PRAKTIK BODY OTOMOTIF PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN FKIP UNS TA 2012/2013
Authors: Basori Basori
Published: July 2017

This reseach aims to study how to improve the student competence by implementation of project work learning method . Specifically this research aims to study the percentage of mastery learning on automotive body practice lecture .
This research used PTK ( Classroom Action Research ) and was performed two cycles . The research was conducted in the Mechanical Engineering Department at PTK UNS PTK with 7th semester students . And the student took a course automotive body practice. The number of the student was 34 person. Data was collected by a test or tests of competence . Analysis of the data used descriptive qualitative analysis
The results shows that student competence’s increase in automotive body practice learning. From two cycles , there has been an increase in from 72.85 to be 77.24 . In the second cycle to 70.01 . While the percentage of students who have not passed are also increasing . From 11.8 % to 2.9 % . In the second cycle of 0% .