bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of N‐Sulfonylamidines by Cu‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling of Sulfonyl Azide, Alkyne, and Amine.
Authors: Bae Imhyuck , Han Hoon , Chang Sukbok
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Subtilisin‐Catalyzed Resolution of N‐Acyl Arylsulfinamides.
Authors: Savile Christopher K. , Magloire Vladimir P. , Kazlauskas Romas J.
Published: June 2005

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Selective Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides Using 30% Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed with a Recoverable Silica‐Based Tungstate Interphase Catalyst.
Authors: Karimi Babak , Ghoreishi‐Nezhad Maryam , Clark James H.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthetic Study of Substituted Arylsulfonylphenylbenzamides.
Authors: Gong Denghuang , Li Jinfeng , Yuan Chengye , Yuan Junying
Published: June 2005

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Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Biaryl Anilines and Biaryl Phenols via a Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Liu Bin , Moffett Kristofer K. , Joseph Rhoda W. , Dorsey Bruce D.
Published: June 2005

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Highly Diastereoselective Allylic Azide Formation and Isomerization. Synthesis of 3(2′‐Amino)‐β‐lactams.
Authors: Cardillo Giuliana , Fabbroni Serena , Gentilucci Luca , Perciaccante Rossana , Piccinelli Fabio , Tolomelli Alessandra
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Discovery and Investigation of a Novel Class of Thiophene‐Derived Antagonists of the Human Glucagon Receptor.
Authors: Duffy Joseph L. , et al. et al.
Published: June 2005

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Calcium‐Mediated Intramolecular Hydroamination Catalysis.
Authors: Crimmin Mark R. , Casely Ian J. , Hill Michael S.
Published: June 2005

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Samarium Diiodide Promoted Generation and Asymmetric Hydroxyalkylation of N,O‐Diprotected (3S)‐3‐Pyrrolidinol 2‐Carbanions.
Authors: Zheng Xiao , Feng Chen‐Guo , Ye Jian‐Liang , Huang Pei‐Qiang
Published: June 2005

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A Novel Spiroheterocyclization: Synthesis of 1‐Ethoxycarbonylmethylidene‐8‐ (2′‐ethoxycarbonylmethylidene‐5′,5′‐dimethyl‐3′‐pyrrolidinylidene) ‐3,3,6‐trimethyl‐2‐azaspiro[4,5]deca‐6,9‐diene.
Authors: Shklyaev Yu. V. , Nifontov Yu. V. , Kodess M. I. , Ezhikova M. A.
Published: June 2005

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Derivatives of Indole. Part 143. Synthesis of Photochromic Derivatives of 2‐Arylindoles.
Authors: Gogrichiani E. O. , Katsadze E. A. , Gavtadze N. G. , Samsoniya Sh. A. , Duerr H.
Published: June 2005

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Polyfunctional Pyrazoles. Part 3. Synthesis of 3‐(3‐Aryl‐4‐formyl‐1‐pyrazolyl)propionic Acids and Their Amides.
Authors: Bratenko M. K. , Chornous V. A. , Vovk M. V.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Structural Investigations of 1‐Amino‐3‐substituted‐1,2,3‐triazolium Salts, and a New Route to 1‐Substituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles.
Authors: Kaplan Greg , Drake Greg , Tollison Kerri , Hall Leslie , Hawkins Tommy
Published: June 2005

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Efficient Syntheses of 5‐Aminoalkyl‐1H‐tetrazoles and of Polyamines Incorporating Tetrazole Rings.
Authors: Athanassopoulos Constatinos M. , Garnelis Thomas , Vahliotis Dimitrios , Papaioannou Dionissios
Published: June 2005

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Tetrabutylammonium Salt Induced Denitration of Nitropyridines: Synthesis of Fluoro‐, Hydroxy‐, and Methoxypyridines.
Authors: Kuduk Scott D. , DiPardo Robert M. , Bock Mark G.
Published: June 2005

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Stereospecific Synthesis of 2,2,3‐Trisubstituted Tetrahydroquinolines: Application to the Total Syntheses of Benzastatin E and Natural Virantmycin.
Authors: Ori Mayuko , Toda Narihiro , Takami Kazuko , Tago Keiko , Kogen Hiroshi
Published: June 2005

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Approaches for Introducing High Molecular Diversity in Scaffolds: Fast Parallel Synthesis of Highly Substituted 1H‐Quinolin‐4‐one Libraries.
Authors: Gellerman Garry , et al. et al.
Published: June 2005

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Carbolithiation of Vinyl Pyridines as a Route to 7‐Azaindoles.
Authors: Cottineau Bertrand , O'Shea Donal F.
Published: June 2005

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Solvent‐Free Microwave Synthesis of Bis‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b:4′,3′‐e]pyridines and Study of Their Antifungal Properties.
Authors: Quiroga J. , Portilla J. , Insuasty B. , Abonia R. , Nogueras M. , Sortino M. , Zacchino S.
Published: June 2005

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Michael Addition of Nitromethane to Isopropylidene 5‐Alkylidenemalonates.
Authors: Li Jing‐Hua , Li Zu‐Guang , Chen Qing‐Guang
Published: June 2005

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A Post‐Ugi Carbonylation/Intramolecular Amidation Approach Toward the Synthesis of Macrolactams.
Authors: Vasudevan Anil , Verzal Mary K.
Published: June 2005

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Design and Synthesis of Novel 9‐Substituted‐7‐aryl‐3,4,5,6‐tetrahydro‐2H‐pyrido[4,3‐b]‐ and [2,3‐b]‐1,5‐oxazocin‐6‐ones as NK1 Antagonist.
Authors: Seto Shigeki , Tanioka Asao , Ikeda Makoto , Izawa Shigeru
Published: June 2005

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Oxidation of o‐Isopropylphenol with Lead Tetraacetate: Synthesis of the Unit of Celastroidin Terpenes by the Diels—Alder Condensation.
Authors: Jankowski C. K. , Savoie A. , Lesage D. , Boivin J. , Leclaire G. , Diaz T. E. , Reyes‐Chilpa R. , Jimenez‐Estrada M. , Barrios H.
Published: June 2005

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The Stille Reaction in the Synthesis of Carotenoid Butenolides: Synthesis of 6′‐epi‐Peridinin.
Authors: Vaz Belen , Alvarez Rosana , Brueckner Reinhard , de Lera Angel R.
Published: June 2005

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Powerful Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalysts for the Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Alkyl‐ and α,α‐Dialkyl‐α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Kitamura Masanori , Shirakawa Seiji , Maruoka Keiji
Published: June 2005

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Complanadine B, Obscurumines A and B, New Alkaloids from Two Species of Lycopodium
Authors: Morita Hiroshi , Ishiuchi Kan'ichiro , Haganuma Asami , Hoshino Tomohiro , Obara Yutaro , Nakahata Norimichi , Kobayashi Jun'ichi
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis and Monoamine Transporter Affinity of New 2β‐Carbomethoxy‐3β‐[4‐(substituted thiophenyl)]phenyltropanes: Discovery of a Selective SERT Antagonist with Picomolar Potency.
Authors: Tamagnan Gilles , Alagille David , Fu Xing , Kula Nora S. , Baldessarini Ross J. , Innis Robert B. , Baldwin Ronald M.
Published: June 2005

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A General Method for Making Bicyclic Compounds with Nitrogen at a Bridgehead—Application to the Halichlorine Spiro Subunit.
Authors: Clive Derrick L. J. , Yu Maolin , Li Zhiyong
Published: June 2005

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New Triple‐Helix DNA Stabilizing Agents.
Authors: Strekowski Lucjan , Hojjat Maryam , Wolinska Ewa , Parker Alesia N. , Paliakov Ekaterina , Gorecki Tadeusz , Tanious Farial A. , Wilson W. David
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of 1‐[1,2,4‐Triazol‐3‐yl] and 1‐[1,3,4‐Thiadiazol‐2‐yl]‐3‐methylthio‐6,7‐dihydrobenzo [c]thiophen‐4(5H)ones.
Authors: Tehranchian Sara , Akbarzadeh Tahmineh , Fazeli Mohammad Reza , Jamalifar Hossein , Shafiee Abbas
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of Lamp Phosphors: Facile Combustion Approach
Authors: Ekambaram S. , Patil K. C. , Maaza M.
Published: June 2005

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On the Crystal Chemistry of Oxoiridates
Authors: Mueller‐Buschbaum Hanskarl
Published: June 2005

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Magnetic Properties of Colloidal Suspensions of Interacting Magnetic Particles
Authors: Huke B. , Luecke M.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of Molecular Magnets
Authors: Ruben Mario
Published: June 2005

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Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury
Authors: Shannon Ian J.
Published: June 2005

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Bipyrimidine‐Bridged Dinuclear Iron(II) Spin Crossover Compounds
Authors: Real Jose Antonio , Gaspar Ana B. , Munoz M. Carmen , Gutlich Philipp , Ksenofontov Vadim , Spiering Hartmut
Published: June 2005

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Spin Crossover in Pyrazolylborate and Pyrazolylmethane Complexes
Authors: Long Gary J. , Grandjean Fernande , Reger Daniel L.
Published: June 2005

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Benzotriazole‐Mediated Amino‐, Amido‐, Alkoxy‐ and Alkylthio‐alkylation
Authors: Katritzky Alan R. , Manju Kavita , Singh Sandeep K. , Meher Nabin K.
Published: June 2005

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Alkyl Chalcogenides: Oxygen‐Based Functional Groups
Authors: Sweeney J. B. , Thobhani S.
Published: June 2005

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Dihaloalkanes, R1R2C(Hal)2
Authors: Mendez‐Andino J. L.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
One or More :CH, :CC, and/or C:C Bond(s) Formed by Rearrangement
Authors: Molina M. T. , Marco‐Contelles J. L.
Published: June 2005

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The Oxidative Transformation of Coordinated Ligands
Authors: Mejidov A. A. , Usatyuk V. G. , Fatullayeva P. A.
Published: June 2005

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One or More C:C Bond(s) by Pericyclic Processes
Authors: Lebreton J. , Guingant A.
Published: June 2005

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One or More C:C Bond(s) Formed by Condensation of P, As, Sb, Bi, Si, Ge, B, or Metal Functions
Authors: Savignac P. , Iorga B. , Savignac M.
Published: June 2005

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One or More C:C Bond(s) Formed by Condensation: Condensation of Non‐Heteroatom‐linked Functions, Halides, Chalcogen, or Nitrogen Functions
Authors: Prunet J. , Grimaud L.
Published: June 2005

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One or More C:C Bond(s) by Elimination of S, Se, Te, N, P, As, Sb, Bi, Si, Ge, B, or Metal Functions
Authors: Eustache J. , Bisseret P. , Van de Weghe P.
Published: June 2005

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One or More CC Bond(s) Formed by Addition: Addition of Carbon Radicals and Electrocyclic Additions to CC Multiple Bonds
Authors: Balme G. , Bouyssi D. , Monteiro N.
Published: June 2005

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Isocyanides and Their Heteroanalogues (RZC)
Authors: Fulton J. R.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
N‐Substituted Nitriles and Other Hetero Analogues of Nitriles of the Type RCZ
Authors: Escolano C. , Vazquez S.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Imines and Their N‐Substituted Derivatives: Oximes and Their O‐R Substituted Analogues
Authors: Rossiter S. , Dobbs A. P.
Published: June 2005

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Functions Containing at Least One Nitrogen and No Halogen or Chalcogen
Authors: Patrick G. L.
Published: June 2005

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Nitriles with a Heteroatom Attached to the Cyano Carbon
Authors: Rutledge P. J.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Biphasic Chemistry Utilising Ionic Liquids
Authors: Dyson Paul J.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Heterocyclic Ligands for the Adenosine Receptors P1 and for the ATP Receptors P2
Authors: Baraldi Pier Giovanni , Romagnoli Romeo , Tabrizi Mojgan Aghazadeh , Bovero Andrea , Preti Delia , Fruttarolo Francesca , Moorman Allan R. , Borea Pier Andrea
Published: June 2005

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Technological Advances in Nanoscale Biomaterials: The Future of Synthetic Vascular Graft Design
Authors: Miller Derick C. , Webster Thomas J. , Haberstroh Karen M.
Published: June 2005

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Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Holbrey John D.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Continuous Flow Microreactors for Drug Discovery
Authors: Watts Paul
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Microfluidic Systems for High‐Throughput and Combinatorial Chemistry
Authors: Cullen Christopher J. , Wootton Robert C. R. , de Mello Andrew J.
Published: June 2005

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Applications of Heteronuclear X/Y‐Correlation Spectroscopy in Organometallic and Organoelement Chemistry: Recent Developments
Authors: Gudat Dietrich
Published: June 2005

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Process Technologies for Purity Enhancement of Large Discovery Libraries
Authors: Pottorf Richard S. , Player Mark R.
Published: June 2005

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Rapid Detection of Chemical Agent Residues on Environmental Surfaces Using an Ion Trap SIMS
Authors: Gresham Gary , Groenewold Gary S. , Ingram Jani C. , Appelbans Anthony D. , Dahl David A. , Olson John , Delmore James E.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structure of Fast Ion Conductors Li3xLa2/3‐xTiO3 Deduced from Powder Neutron Diffraction Experiments.
Authors: Varez A. , Fernandez‐Diaz M. T. , Alonso J. A. , Sanz J.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Chalcogenophosphates: KBaPS4, KBaPSe4, and Ba3PO4PSe4.
Authors: Joergens Stefan , Mewis Albrecht
Published: June 2005

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Na2[B18Se16]: The First 3D Polymeric Selenoborato‐closo‐dodecaborate.
Authors: Hammerschmidt A. , Doech M. , Puetz S. , Krebs B.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of MnNCN, the First Carbodiimide of a Magnetic Transition Metal.
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Krott Manuel , Mueller Paul , Hu Chunhua , Lueken Heiko , Dronskowski Richard
Published: June 2005

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Salt‐Inclusion Synthesis of Two New Polar Solids, Ba6Mn4Si12O34Cl3 and Ba6Fe5Si11O34Cl3.
Authors: Mo Xunhua , Ferguson Erin , Hwu Shiou‐Jyh
Published: June 2005

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High‐Pressure Enantioselective Allylation of Aldehydes Catalyzed by (Salen)Chromium(III) Complexes.
Authors: Kwiatkowski Piotr , Jurczak Janusz
Published: June 2005

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Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Imines Catalyzed by Iridium Complexes with Phosphine—Phosphite Ligands: Importance of Backbone Flexibility.
Authors: Vargas Sergio , Rubio Miguel , Suarez Andres , Pizzano Antonio
Published: June 2005

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Biaryls and Heterobiaryls as α‐Glucosidase and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors.
Authors: Sharon Ashoke , Pratap Ramendra , Tripathi Brajendra , Srivastava A. K. , Maulik P. R. , Ram Vishnu Ji
Published: June 2005

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Cyclizations of 2‐Alkylthiazolines and 2‐Alkyloxazolines with α,α‐Disubstituted Diacid Chlorides or N‐(Chlorocarbonyl) Isocyanate
Authors: Zhou Aihua , Pittman Charles U. Jr.
Published: June 2005

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Microwave‐Induced Clay‐Catalyzed Ring Opening of N‐Tosylaziridines: A Green Approach to Achiral and Chiral Diamines.
Authors: Nadir Upender K. , Singh Anamika
Published: June 2005

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Facile Ring Opening of 2‐Aryl[1,3,4]oxadiazino[5,6‐b]quinoxalines (III) with Sodium Alkoxides
Authors: Dubey P. K. , Naidu A. , Vijaya S. , Vineel B. George
Published: June 2005

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Ecofriendly Solvent‐Free Microwave Enhanced Thermal Fries Rearrangement of Anilides and Phenyl Ureas.
Authors: Easwaramurthy M. , Ravikumar R. , Lakshmanan A. J. , Raju G. J.
Published: June 2005

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Preparation of N‐Aryl Compounds by Amino Acid‐Promoted Ullmann‐Type Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Cai Qian , Zhu Wei , Zhang Hui , Zhang Yongda , Ma Dawei
Published: June 2005

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Studies on Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 39. Simple, Mild and Efficient Thioacetalization and Transthioacetalization of Carbonyl Compounds and Deprotection of Thioacetals: Unique Role of Thiols in the Selectivity of Thioacetalization.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Ramu Ravirala , Reddy Majjigapu Ravinder , Mahender Gurram
Published: June 2005

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Efficient Cleavage of Carboxylic tert‐Butyl and 1‐Adamantyl Esters, and N‐Boc‐Amines Using H2SO4 in CH2Cl2.
Authors: Strazzolini Paolo , Misuri Nazareno , Polese Pierluigi
Published: June 2005

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Preparation of Magnesium Enolates of α‐Keto Esters and Synthetic Applications.
Authors: Grison Claude , Petek Sylvain , Coutrot Philippe
Published: June 2005

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1,2‐Acyl Transfer Reaction for the Construction of Multiple Carbonyl‐Functionalized Architecture by Sm(II)‐Induced Tandem Formation and Breaking of Cyclopropanol.
Authors: Inokuchi Tsutomu
Published: June 2005

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Ultrasound‐Assisted Synthesis of Functionalized Arylacetylenes.
Authors: Stefani Helio A. , Cella Rodrigo , Doerr Felipe A. , de Pereira Claudio M. P. , Gomes Fabio P. , Zeni Gilson
Published: June 2005

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Buchwald—Hartwig Aminations of Aryl Chlorides: A Practical Protocol Based on Commercially Available Pd(0)‐NHC Catalysts.
Authors: Goossen L. J. , Paetzold J. , Briel O. , Rivas‐Nass A. , Karch R. , Kayser B.
Published: June 2005

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Cerium(III) Chloride Promoted Chemoselective Esterification of Phenolic Alcohols.
Authors: Torregiani Elisabetta , Seu Gianfranco , Minassi Alberto , Appendino Giovanni
Published: June 2005

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Enantioselective Synthesis of (S)‐α‐Arylpropionic Acids via Pd‐Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of Benzylic Alcohols.
Authors: Thakur Vinay V. , Sudalai A.
Published: June 2005

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Ligand‐Free Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Halides.
Authors: Weissman Steven A. , Zewge Daniel , Chen Cheng
Published: June 2005

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Nucleophilic Vinylic Substitutions of (Z)‐(2‐Aroyloxyvinyl)phenyl‐λ3‐iodanes with Tetrabutylammonium Halides: Vinylic SN2 Reactions and Ligand Coupling on Iodine(III).
Authors: Ochiai Masahito , Nishi Yoshio , Hirobe Masaya
Published: June 2005

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Tandem Catalytic Condensation and Hydrogenation Processes in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Baidossi Mubeen , Joshi Asutosh V. , Mukhopadhyay Sudip , Sasson Yoel
Published: June 2005

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Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution on 4‐Fluorophenylsulfonamides: Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Sulfur Nucleophiles.
Authors: Badetti Elena , Moreno‐Manas Marcial , Pleixats Roser , Sebastian Rosa M. , Serra Anna , Soler Roger , Vallribera Adelina
Published: June 2005

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A Facile and Efficient Method for the Reduction of Sulfoxides into Sulfides with an Al—NiCl2×6H2O System.
Authors: Raju B. Rama , Devi Gitali , Nongpluh Yoofisaca S. , Saikia Anil K.
Published: June 2005

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Electron Beam‐Induced Fries Rearrangement of Sulfonamide and Sulfonate Crystals.
Authors: Kato Jun , Maekawa Yasunari , Yoshida Masaru
Published: June 2005

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Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides and Chlorides with Phenylboronic Acid under Aerobic Conditions Catalyzed by Palladium Complexes with Thiosemicarbazone Ligands.
Authors: Kostas Ioannis D. , Andreadaki Fotini J. , Kovala‐Demertzi Dimitra , Prentjas Christos , Demertzis Mavroudis A.
Published: June 2005

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Samarium/N‐Bromosuccinimide‐Induced Reductive Dimerization of Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Banik Bimal K. , Banik Indrani , Samajdar Susanta , Cuellar Rogelio
Published: June 2005

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Aromatic Ring‐Opening of 2‐Fluorobenzothiophenes by Alkyllithiums.
Authors: Belley Michel , Douida Zohra , Mancuso John , De Vleeschauwer Marc
Published: June 2005

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Reduction versus Rearrangement of 6,13‐Dihydro‐6,13‐diarylpentacene‐6,13‐diols Affording 6,13‐ and 13,13′‐Substituted Pentacene Derivatives.
Authors: Vets Nathalie , Smet Mario , Dehaen Wim
Published: June 2005

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One‐Pot Asymmetric Synthesis of Acyclic Chiral Epoxy Alcohols via Tandem Vinylation—Epoxidation with Dioxygen.
Authors: Lurain Alice E. , Carroll Patrick J. , Walsh Patrick J.
Published: June 2005

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The Halogen—Lithium Exchange Reaction of 3,3‐Dichloro‐2‐azetidinones: Application to the Synthesis of cis‐4‐Aryl‐3‐chloro‐2‐azetidinones.
Authors: Dejaegher Yves , Denolf Bram , Stevens Christian V. , De Kimpe Norbert
Published: June 2005

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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Bicyclic β‐Lactams as Potential Antimalarials.
Authors: Nivsarkar Manisha , Thavaselvam D. , Prasanna S. , Sharma Mamta , Kaushik M. P.
Published: June 2005

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Ozonolytic Cleavage of 3‐Oxidopyrilium Betaine‐Derived Cycloadducts: Simple and Efficient Access to Stereodefined Tetrahydrofurans.
Authors: Fishwick Colin W. G. , Mitchell Glynn , Pang Peter F. W.
Published: June 2005

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A Chiral Pool Based Synthetic Strategy for γ‐Hydroxyalkyl‐Δ2‐butenolides.
Authors: Sengupta Saumitra , Mondal Somnath
Published: June 2005

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A Mild, Convenient and Efficient Single‐Step Method for the Synthesis of Polysubstituted Furans via Ammonium Ylide Routes.
Authors: Fan Mingjin , Guo Lina , Liu Xueyuan , Liu Weimin , Liang Yongmin
Published: June 2005

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Arylamino‐thieno‐oxobutanamides under Lawesson Conditions: Competition Between Thienylpyrrole and Bithiophene Formation.
Authors: Raposo M. Manuela M. , Sampaio Ana M. B. A. , Kirsch G.
Published: June 2005

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Syntheses and Electropolymerization Behavior of Ethylenedioxythiophene‐Substituted Silanes.
Authors: Chahma M'hamed , Hicks Robin G.
Published: June 2005

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Rare Earth Perfluorooctanoate [RE(PFO)3]‐Catalyzed Condensations of Indole with Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Wang Limin , Han Jianwei , Tian He , Sheng Jia , Fan Zhaoyu , Tang Xiaoping
Published: June 2005

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cis‐6‐Oxo‐hexahydro‐2‐oxa‐1,4‐diazapentalene and cis‐6‐Oxo‐Hexahydropyrrolo[3,2‐c]pyrazole Based Scaffolds: Design, Rationale, Synthesis and Cysteinyl Proteinase Inhibition.
Authors: Wang Yikang , Benn Alex , Flinn Nick , Monk Tracy , Ramjee Manoj , Watts John , Quibell Martin
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis and Evaluation of Pyrazolidine Derivatives as Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DP‐IV) Inhibitors.
Authors: Ahn Jin Hee , et al. et al.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis and Evaluation of Azalanstat Analogues as Heme Oxygenase Inhibitors.
Authors: Vlahakis Jason Z. , Kinobe Robert T. , Bowers Raymond J. , Brien James F. , Nakatsu Kanji , Szarek Walter A.
Published: June 2005

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Baker′s Yeast‐Mediated Regioselective Reduction of 2,4‐Dinitroacylanilines: Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 6‐Nitrobenzimidazoles.
Authors: Olguin Luis F. , Jimenez‐Estrada Manuel , Barzana Eduardo , Navarro‐Ocana Arturo
Published: June 2005

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Three‐Component Reactions of Halogenotrinitromethanes with Alkenes.
Authors: Budynina Ekaterina M. , Ivanova Olga A. , Averina Elena B. , Grishin Yurii K. , Kuznetsova Tamara S. , Zefirov Nikolai S.
Published: June 2005

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New 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadducts of 3‐Azidoacetylcoumarins with DMAD and Their Antimicrobial Activity.
Authors: Kusanur Raviraj A. , Kulkarni Manohar V.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
One‐Pot Stereoselective Synthesis of Pyrano[3,2‐c]benzothiopyrans: A New Generation and [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of ortho‐Thioquinonemethides.
Authors: Inoue Seiichi , Wang Ping , Nagao Mami , Hoshino Yujiro , Honda Kiyoshi
Published: June 2005

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Catalytic Asymmetric Aza Diels—Alder Reactions of Hydrazones Using a Chiral Zirconium Catalyst.
Authors: Yamashita Yasuhiro , Mizuki Yumiko , Kobayashi Shu
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of Triphenylmethane Derivative: Bisacodyl.
Authors: Mereyala Hari Babu , Sambaru Kalyani
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of 3‐Chloro‐6,6‐diphenyl‐6,11‐dihydropyrido[1′,2′:1,2]imidazo [4,5‐b]quinoline Based on Reaction of 2‐Chloromethyl‐4,4‐diphenyl‐4H‐3,1‐benzoxazine with 2‐Amino‐5‐chloropyridine.
Authors: Gromachevskaya E. V. , Krapivin G. D.
Published: June 2005

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Benzo[h][1,6]naphthyridines from Dimethyl 1,2‐Dihydro‐2‐(2‐nitrophenyl)‐pyridine‐3,5‐dicarboxylate.
Authors: Goerlitzer K. , Bode M. , Jones P. G.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of Novel Heterocycles with Antimicrobial and Surface Activity.
Authors: El‐Sayed R. , Wasfy A. A. F. , Aly A. A.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of Furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines Using Inorganic Solid Support.
Authors: Kidwai Mazaahir , Mishra Akkal Deo , Saxena Shilpi
Published: June 2005

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Novel and Orally Bioavailable Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors. Synthesis and Evaluation of Optically Active 4,5‐Dialkyl‐2‐iminoselenazolidine Derivatives.
Authors: Ueda Shigeo , Terauchi Hideo , Suzuki Kenji , Yano Akihiro , Matsumoto Masashi , Kubo Taeko , Minato Hisao , Arai Yukiyo , Tsuji Jun‐ichi , Watanabe Nobuhide
Published: June 2005

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New Carbohydrate Derivatives of Norfloxacin.
Authors: Zsoldos‐Mady Virag , Sohar Pal , Kovacs Jozsef , Pinter Istvan , Szakacs Zoltan
Published: June 2005

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Molecular Materials Combining Magnetic and Conducting Properties
Authors: Day Peter , Coronado Eugenio
Published: June 2005

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Optimized Micro‐ and Nanostructures for Hard Magnetic Materials: A Review of Mechano‐Chemical Processes
Authors: Fruchart Daniel , de Rango Patricia , Miraglia Salvatore , Rivoirard Sophie
Published: June 2005

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Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Farle M.
Published: June 2005

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Doping the Ferromagnetic High‐Tc Superconductor RuSr2RECu2O8 (RE: Gd, Eu)
Authors: Hassen A. , Krimmel A. , Hemberger J. , Loidl A. , Mandal P.
Published: June 2005

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N‐Heterosubstituted Amides
Authors: Wilson M. A.
Published: June 2005

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Conjugate Addition of Organometallics to Activated Olefins
Authors: Tomioka Kiyoshi
Published: June 2005

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Allylation of C=O
Authors: Yanagisawa Akira
Published: June 2005

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Allylic Substitution Reactions
Authors: Paquin Jean‐Francois , Lautens Mark
Published: June 2005

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Sulfur Ylides
Authors: Aggarwal V. , Richardson J.
Published: June 2005

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CatASium F214 — A New Catalyst for Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Krauter Juergen
Published: June 2005

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Catalysis Involving Mesoporous Molecular Sieves
Authors: Ahn W. S. , Kim G. J. , Seo G.
Published: June 2005

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Lewis Acid/Base Catalysts Supported on Nanoporous Silica as Environmental Catalysts
Authors: Choudhary V. R. , Uphade B. S.
Published: June 2005

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Synthetic Strategies Towards Benzoxazole Ring Systems
Authors: Kumar Ramanatham Vinod
Published: June 2005

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Reactions of Dimethoxycarbene with Carbon—Sulfur Double Bonds
Authors: Dawid Malgorzata , Reid Darren L. , Warkentin John , Mloston Grzegorz
Published: June 2005

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Ultrasound‐Supported Catalysis
Authors: Bonrath Werner
Published: June 2005

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Nucleophilic Trifluoromethylation. Some Recent Reagents and Their Stereoselective Aspects
Authors: Langlois Bernard R. , Billard Thierry , Roussel Solveig
Published: June 2005

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Polyelectrolyte Complexes in Solution and in Bulk
Authors: Kabanov V. A.
Published: June 2005

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Covalent Binding of Modified Nucleic Acids to Proteins as a Method for Investigation of Specific Protein—Nucleic Acid Interactions
Authors: Zatsepin T. S. , Dolinnaya N. G. , Kubareva E. A. , Ivanovskaya M. G. , Metelev V. G. , Oretskaya T. S.
Published: June 2005

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Toward Intelligent Molecular Machines: Directed Motions of Biological and Artificial Molecules and Assemblies
Authors: Kinbara Kazushi , Aida Takuzo
Published: June 2005

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The Role of Small RNAs in Human Diseases: Potential Troublemaker and Therapeutic Tools
Authors: Gong Huan , Liu Chang‐Mei , Liu De‐Pei , Liang Chih‐Chuan
Published: June 2005

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Intramolecular Dissociative Electron Transfer
Authors: Antonello Sabrina , Maran Falvio
Published: June 2005

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Nanostructures in Biodiagnostics
Authors: Rosi Nathaniel L. , Mirkin Chad A.
Published: June 2005

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Detection of electrical tree propagation by partial discharge measurements
Authors: Vogelsang R. , Fruth B. , Farr T. , Fröhlich K.
Published: June 2005

The partial discharge (PD) activity during propagation of electrical treeing in epoxy resin is described. The electrical trees grew in needle‐plane samples without and with an internal barrier up to the final breakdown. The simultaneous tree growth and discharge activity show a correlation between the propagation state of the tree and the thereby measured PD. Especially, the changes in the tree structure can clearly be detected. Based on these characteristics a new model describing tree growth is presented. It appears that measurements from machine insulation can be interpreted in terms of the PD pattern. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stray load loss analysis of induction motors due to harmonic electromagnetic fields of stator and rotor
Authors: Yamazaki Katsumi
Published: June 2005

In this paper, we investigate the stray load losses of induction motors due to the harmonic magnetic fields caused by the stator and the rotor slot ripples. The nonlinear time‐stepping finite element analysis considering end‐effects of the motor is carried out to obtain the copper losses of the stator winding and the rotor cage. The core losses of the stator and the rotor are calculated from the time‐variation of the magnetic field distribution obtained by the finite element analysis. It is clarified that the stator and the rotor core losses increase due to the load, which can be considered as the main part of the stray load loss. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Viral Kinetic Study Using Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2b and/or Lamivudine in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B/HBeAg Negative *
Authors: Sypsa Vassiliki-Anastasia , Mimidis Konstantinos , Tassopoulos Nicholas C. , Chrysagis Dimitrios , Vassiliadis Themistoklis , Moulakakis Antonios , Raptopoulou Maria , Haida Caterina , Hatzakis Angelos
Published: June 2005

We studied viral dynamic parameters in 44 chronic hepatitis B/hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)(−) patients treated with pegylated interferon alfa-2b (PEG-IFN) 100 or 200 μg weekly or lamivudine 100 mg daily or the combination of PEG-IFN 100 or 200 μg with lamivudine. Patients receiving PEG-IFN monotherapy exhibited viral load oscillations between weekly injections, which were resolved by the addition of lamivudine. The median pharmacological delay was estimated at 4.1, 5.8, and 1.8 hours in PEG-IFN monotherapy, PEG-IFN 100/200 μg + lamivudine, and lamivudine monotherapy, respectively (

P

= .44). The median half-life of free virus was 12.7 hours (range, 2.4-69.2 hours). The mean antiviral effectiveness of PEG-IFN 100/200 μg monotherapy was lower than that of lamivudine (82.6% vs. 96.4%;

P

= .005). The mean effectiveness of PEG-IFN 100 μg + lamivudine and PEG-IFN 200 μg + lamivudine was 92.8% and 94.4%, respectively. The half-life of infected cells ranged from 2.7 to 75 days. The median half-life of infected cells in patients receiving the combination regimens of PEG-IFN and lamivudine was similar to that of lamivudine patients (5.0 days vs. 6.0 days,

P

= .77).
In conclusion
, the addition of pegylated interferon alfa-2b in lamivudine treatment was found to neither enhance the potency of blocking HBV production nor the decay rates of infected cells.

Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website

(
http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html
). (Hepatology 2005;42:77–85.)
Ischemia/Reperfusion Accelerates the Outgrowth of Hepatic Micrometastases in a Highly Standardized Murine Model *
Authors: van der Bilt Jarmila D. W. , Kranenburg Onno , Nijkamp Maarten W. , Smakman Niels , Veenendaal Liesbeth M. , te Velde Elisabeth A. , Voest Emile E. , van Diest Paul J. , Borel Rinkes Inne H. M.
Published: June 2005

Mortality in colorectal cancer is associated with the development of liver metastases. Surgical removal of these tumors is the only hope for cure, but recurrence is common. During liver surgery, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) often occurs as a result of hemorrhage or vascular clamping. Although the adverse effects of I/R on postoperative liver function are well documented, the influence of I/R on the outgrowth of residual micrometastases is unknown. We used a highly standardized mouse model of partial hepatic I/R to study the effects of I/R on the outgrowth of preestablished colorectal micrometastases. Five days following intrasplenic injection of C26 colon carcinoma cells, the vascular structures of the left lobe were clamped for 45 minutes under hemodynamically stable conditions. Tissue glutathione, plasma liver enzymes, hepatocellular necrosis, and tumor growth were assessed over time. I/R caused oxidative stress and early liver tissue damage. The outgrowth of micrometastases in occluded liver lobes was accelerated five- to sixfold compared with nonoccluded lobes and was associated with areas of necrotic liver tissue surrounded by inflammatory cells and apoptotic hepatocytes. Accelerated tumor growth and tissue necrosis were completely prevented by occluding blood flow intermittently. In contrast, ischemic preconditioning or treatment with the antioxidants α-tocopherol or ascorbic acid failed to protect against late tissue necrosis and tumor growth, although early hepatocellular damage was largely prevented by these methods.
In conclusion
, I/R is a strong stimulus of recurrent intrahepatic tumor growth. Measures to prevent I/R-induced late tissue necrosis cross-protect against this phenomenon. (Hepatology 2005;42:165–175.)
Comprehensive Analyses of CD8+ T Cell Responses During Longitudinal Study of Acute Human Hepatitis C *
Authors: Cox Andrea L. , Mosbruger Timothy , Lauer Georg M. , Pardoll Drew , Thomas David L. , Ray Stuart C.
Published: June 2005

We comprehensively studied the cellular immune response during acute human hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by monthly prospective sampling of persons at high risk of infection. In 19 of 23 subjects, interferon-gamma–secreting T cells specific for 1 or more peptides spanning the entire HCV polyprotein were detected 1 to 3 months after infection. The median time to development of interferon gamma responses to HCV peptides was 33 days (range, 29-50 days), and these responses peaked between 180 and 360 days. Nineteen subjects had sufficient follow-up to determine outcome, with 15 (79%) developing persistent viremia and 4 (21%) clearing viremia spontaneously. Of those with progression to chronic infection and detectable T cell responses, all lost recognition of one or more antigens recognized during acute infection, and the median reduction in the magnitude of responses was 85%. Most significantly, despite ongoing viremia, those who had persistent infection did not develop new epitope specificities after the first 6 months of infection.
In conclusion
, in most individuals, the CD8+ T cell responses generated early in HCV infection decline in peripheral blood and are not replaced with new responses.

Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website

(
http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html
). (Hepatology 2005;42:104–112.)
Steatosis: Co-factor in Other Liver Diseases *
Authors: Powell Elizabeth E. , Jonsson Julie R. , Clouston Andrew D.
Published: June 2005

The prevalence of fatty liver is rising in association with the global increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes. In the past, simple steatosis was regarded as benign, but the presence of another liver disease may provide a synergistic combination of steatosis, cellular adaptation, and oxidative damage that aggravates liver injury. In this review, a major focus is on the role of steatosis as a co-factor in chronic hepatitis C (HCV), where the mechanisms promoting fibrosis and the effect of weight reduction in minimizing liver injury have been most widely studied. Steatosis, obesity, and associated metabolic factors may also modulate the response to alcohol- and drug-induced liver disease and may be risk factors for the development of hepatocellular cancer. The pathogenesis of injury in obesity-related fatty liver disease involves a number of pathways, which are currently under investigation. Enhanced oxidative stress, increased susceptibility to apoptosis, and a dysregulated response to cellular injury have been implicated, and other components of the metabolic syndrome such as hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia are likely to have a role. Fibrosis also may be increased as a by-product of altered hepatocyte regeneration and activation of bipotential hepatic progenitor cells.
In conclusion
, active management of obesity and a reduction in steatosis may improve liver injury and decrease the progression of fibrosis. (Hepatology 2005;42:5–13.)
Murine Liver Antigen Presenting Cells Control Suppressor Activity of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells *
Authors: Wiegard Christiane , Frenzel Christian , Herkel Johannes , Kallen Karl-Josef , Schmitt Edgar , Lohse Ansgar W.
Published: June 2005

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) are important mediators of peripheral immune tolerance; however, whether Treg participate also in hepatic immune tolerance is not clear. Therefore, we tested the potential of Treg to suppress stimulation of CD4+ T cells by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC), Kupffer cells (KC), or hepatocytes. In the absence of Treg, all 3 types of liver cells could stimulate CD4+ T cell proliferation; in the presence of Treg, however, CD4+ T cell proliferation was suppressed. Interaction with KC even stimulated the expansion of the Treg population; LSEC or hepatocytes, in contrast, could not induce proliferation of Treg. Because liver inflammation can be induced by infection, we tested the potential of liver cells to modify Treg suppressor activity in the presence of microbial signals. In the presence of immune-stimulatory CpG-oligonucleotides, LSEC, KC, and hepatocytes could indeed overcome Treg-mediated suppression; in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), however, only KC and hepatocytes, but not LSEC, could overcome Treg suppressor activity. Hepatocytes from mice with deficient toll-like receptor-4 signaling failed to abrogate Treg suppression in response to LPS, indicating that overcoming Treg suppressor activity was indeed a response of the liver cell and not of the Treg.
In conclusion
, Treg can suppress CD4+ T cell stimulation by liver cells. However, in response to microbial signals, the liver cells can overcome the suppressive activity of Treg. Thus, liver cells may facilitate the transition from hepatic immune tolerance to hepatic inflammation by controlling Treg suppressor activity. (Hepatology 2005;42:193–199.)
Outcome of Hepatitis B e Antigen–Negative Chronic Hepatitis B on Long-Term Nucleos(t)ide Analog Therapy Starting With Lamivudine *
Authors: Papatheodoridis George V. , Dimou Evangelini , Dimakopoulos Konstantinos , Manolakopoulos Spilios , Rapti Irene , Kitis George , Tzourmakliotis Dimitrios , Manesis Emanuel , Hadziyannis Stephanos J.
Published: June 2005

We determined the clinical outcome of hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B patients treated with long-term nucleos(t)ide analog therapy starting with lamivudine. We evaluated 201 such patients treated for 3.8 ± 1.4 years and 2 historical similar cohorts: 1 treated with interferon-alfa (n = 209) and 1 untreated (n = 195). Virological or biochemical remission rate at 48 months under lamivudine was 34% or 36%, respectively, whereas adefovir was administered in 79 patients with virological–biochemical breakthroughs or no response. Of the lamivudine-treated patients, 4 died, 1 underwent a transplantation, and another 8 developed major events, all having advanced fibrosis at baseline and all but 1 having experienced breakthroughs or no response. At 5 years, survival was 96%, and major event–free survival was 93%. The major event–free survival was significantly better in patients with than in those without virological remission under lamivudine. At the end of follow-up, both survival and major event–free survival were independently associated with type of and response to treatment, being significantly better in patients under long-term antiviral therapy or interferon sustained responders than in interferon non-sustained responders or untreated cases (5-year survival: 96% or 98% vs. 88% or 90%, respectively).
In conclusion,
in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, long-term nucleos(t)ide analog therapy starting with lamivudine significantly improves survival and reduces the risk of major complications, compared with interferon non-sustained responders or untreated patients. In such patients with advanced fibrosis, close follow-up for lamivudine resistance and prompt onset of additional antiviral therapy is required or the ab initio use of agent(s) with low resistance rates should be considered. (Hepatology 2005;42:121–129.)
Male Cell Microchimerism in Normal and Diseased Female Livers From Fetal Life to Adulthood *
Authors: Guettier Catherine , Sebagh Mylène , Buard Jérôme , Feneux Danielle , Ortin-Serrano Monique , Gigou Michele , Tricottet Viviane , Reynès Michel , Samuel Didier , Féray Cyrille
Published: June 2005

Male microchimerism is frequent in the adult female liver and is attributed to fetal cells originating from previous male offspring. It has never been studied in pregnant women, female children, or fetuses. We examined its frequency and cellular nature in normal and diseased female livers from fetal life to adulthood. Forty-six liver samples from 29 women, 6 female children, and 11 female fetuses were screened for the Y chromosome via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and fluorescent

in situ

hybridization (FISH). The X chromosome was used as an internal control. A third PCR assay was used for Y genotyping. The Y chromosome was detected in 5 of 6 children, 7 of 11 fetuses, 3 of 9 women with normal liver, 7 of 10 women with chronic hepatitis C, 5 of 6 women with acute liver disease during pregnancy with male offspring, and 2 of 4 nonpregnant women with fulminant hepatitis. In positive samples, the mean XY/XX ratio was 0.012 (±0.004). In women, male microchimerism was correlated with previous male offspring. Male hepatocytes, detected via FISH combined with anti-hepatocyte immunohistochemistry, were observed only in fetuses (4/9) and in postpartem women (4/6). Y genotypes were different from each other in 4 of 5 female livers.
In conclusion
, male liver microchimerism is frequent in normal and diseased female livers. The presence of male cells in the liver of female children and fetuses is probably due to the transplacental transmission of fetal cells preexisting in the mother and acquired either from previous pregnancy with male offspring or during the mother's own fetal life. (Hepatology 2005;42:35–43.)
Cytoplasmic Retention of Peroxide-Activated ERK Provides Survival in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes *
Authors: Rosseland Carola M. , Wierφd Lene , Oksvold Morten P. , Werner Heidi , ϕstvold Anne Carine , Thoresen Hege G. , Paulsen Ragnhild E. , Huitfeldt Henrik S. , Skarpen Ellen
Published: June 2005

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in tissue damage causing primary hepatic dysfunction following ischemia/reperfusion injury and during inflammatory liver diseases. A potential role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) as a mediator of survival signals during oxidative stress was investigated in primary cultures of hepatocytes exposed to ROS. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced a dose-dependent activation of ERK, which was dependent on MEK activation. The ERK activation pattern was transient compared with the ERK activation seen after stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF). Nuclear accumulation of ERK was found after EGF stimulation, but not after H2O2 exposure. A slow import/rapid export mechanism was excluded through the use of leptomycin B, an inhibitor of nuclear export sequence–dependent nuclear export. Reduced survival of hepatocytes during ROS exposure was observed when ERK activation was inhibited. Ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), a cytoplasmic ERK substrate involved in cell survival, was activated and located in the nucleus of H2O2-exposed hepatocytes. The activation was abolished when ERK was inhibited with U0126.
In conclusion
, our results indicate that activity of ERK in the cytoplasm is important for survival during oxidative stress in hepatocytes and that RSK is activated downstream of ERK.

Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website

(
http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html
). (Hepatology 2005;42:200–207.)