bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEPIC Converter for Low Power LED Applications
Authors: Javeed Patan , Yadav Lochan Krishna , Venkatesh Kumar P. , Kumar Ranjit , Swaroop Shakti
Published: March 2021

Due to the development in light Emitting Diode (LED), white LED are on the whole utilized in homes, industries and business regions to replace the heated bulbs, non metalic bulbs, and even compact fluorescent lamp(strength saving lamp). The primary choices in those applications are high strength factor, and coffee harmonics. The input line cutting-edge harmonics is decreased and power aspect is high. in order to manipulate the LED brightness a current remarks loop is brought. The benefits of the circuit are strength conversion, no want to sense the enter voltage, voltage step-up and down, simple feedback manage, excessive electricity component and dimmable LED present day. LED performs a critical function within the enterprise and in our existence. The SEPIC converter is to increase the efficiency of LEDs and get the better overall performance than the opposite lighting fixtures utility. There are numerous reasons for the fluctuations inside the deliver voltage, here propose the use of sepic converter this could triumph over that via giving us the deliver voltage without the fluctuation.
Secure Signature Strategy for Industrial Environment with Aggregation Using Internet of Things
Authors: Sudhakaran Pradeep , Malathy C , Rajesh V , Venkata Sai Harshit N
Published: March 2021

Industrial Internet of Things are growing demand now-a-days. To grow the bandwidth demand it reduces the information and related signatures. Compact Aggregate Signature structure produces a steady-state cumulative-signature (AS). In this manner, the term of the CAS is evident of the number of messages or marks that need consolidation. This paper presents the primary unhindered blending of compact combined authentication framework in certificate-based setups. The suggested plot is obvious, due to the certificate-based approach, of key probate and key administration issues created in identity-based cryptography and certificate-less cryptography individually. It is the least bandwidth-consuming, being compact and combination-free, as well as the foremost compelling amassing strategy known to be dependable.
“On Transformations Formulae and Certain Transformations”
Authors: Kaur Harwinder , Shrivastav A. K.
Published: March 2021

In this paper an attempt has been made to generate certain transformation formulae involving various transform.
Categorization of artwork images based on painters using CNN
Authors: Mondal Kaustav , Anita H.B
Published: March 2021

Artworks and paintings has been an integral part of human civilization since the dawn of the Stone Age. Paintings gives more insight about any subject compared to the scriptures and documents. Archiving of digital form of paintings helps to preserve the artworks of different painters. The anticipated work is aimed for the classification of painters’ artworks. The artworks of Foreign & Indian painters are considered for the proposed work. The foreign painters’ artworks are obtained from [14]. At present, the Indian painters’ artwork dataset is not readily available. The images were downloaded from the specific genuine website [13]. Conventional Neural Network is used for Feature learning and classification. Around 20k images of artworks is used for the experiment and got an average accuracy of 85.05%.
A Study of the Ambient Air Quality in a Metropolitan City and its Improvement Using a Cyclone Separator
Authors: Harikrishnan R , Adithya Narayan K A , Rakesh Aswin , Thomas Gevargis Muramthookil , Jyothi S N
Published: March 2021

India stands tall in the list of the world‘s most polluted cities. It is, therefore, necessary to monitor the quality of ambient air. In this study, the Air Quality Index is calculated using the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM10) in ambient air. A higher value of the Air Quality Index indicates that the air is polluted. A cyclone separator can be used to remove particulate matter from the air and thereby, improve the quality of air. As a part of the study, a cyclone separator with a collection efficiency of 92% is designed and a generic C++ code that computes the ambient Air Quality Index is developed. The Air Quality Index for nine sample locations in Delhi is determined. It has been observed that in many locations the air quality can be improved from ‘moderately polluted’ to ‘satisfactory’ after the removal of particulate matter using the cyclone separator.
Low-lying mixed symmetry states in the N=84 isotones 140Ba and 142Ce within interacting boson model-2
Authors: Qasim Hussein N.
Published: March 2021

The characteristics of the low-lying mixed-symmetry states for 140Ba and 142Ce in the even-even N=84 isotones are investigated within the framework of the IBM-2 model. Electromagnetic transitions, B(E2) and B(M1) were calculated. Results showed that the lowest mixed-symmetry state is for 140Ba and 142Ce nuclei. A good agreement is found between experiment and predictions made using the U (5) limit of IBM-2.
Preparation Of (Cu-TiO2) Thin Films, And Used as An Antibacterial
Authors: Suber Amel S. , Elttayef Abdul-Hussein K. , Khalaf Hana K , Abbas Seham Z. , Daood Amel H.
Published: March 2021

Thin films of TiO2 and TiO2: Cu have been prepared on ITO substrates using RF magnetron sputtering technique, It is worthy to say that the thickness of the coated film was in the order of (220) nm. The films annealing in air at temperature 500 °C with 2 h. Optical of structural properties were identified with various preparation conditions like Cu-doping concentration (0%, 2% and 4%). These prepared films are polycrystalline with a anatase crystal structure. The crystallinity and the size of particle of the samples of prepared were studied by (XRD), the results specified the size of particle of the samples of prepared dropped with the high of Cu doping concentrations some of the properties of structure are varied by the addition Cu levels as dopants. The films are oriented of preferentially forever the (101) direction. We have got some morphology of surface by (SEM), the results show decreasing of particle size with increasing doping concentration. The results show that the doping caused to decreased the transmittance and energy gap from (3.6 to 3.4) eV. Activity antibacterial efficiency was estimated by the un activation of E.coli. It was spotted that rising Cu levels gives better activity of antibacterial.
Enhancement the ability to pump crude oil using rubber solutions
Authors: Abud Saleh H. , Hasan Ali S. , Almaamori Mohammed , Bayan Noor
Published: March 2021

In this research, synthetic rubber (polystyrene-butadiene) and natural rubber (polyisoprene) were dissolved in a common solvent (Toluene) to prepare polymeric solutions by using magnetic mixer at temperatures of 35-45°C. It was observed that the degree of solubility for natural rubber was greater than that one for synthetic rubber. There is an increase in the viscosity and torque for both rubbers along with increasing the synthetic and natural rubbers concentration. Laminar behavior is observed for both polymers since Reynolds number is less than 2300. Natural rubber is more suitable to use in pipes with crude oil
A GIS-based Approach for Flood Vulnerability Assessment in Hoa Vang District, Danang City, Vietnam
Authors: An Tran Thi , Raghavan Venkatesh , Long Nguyen Vinh , Izuru Saizen , Tsutsumida Narumasa
Published: March 2021

Danang is a coastal city in the Central Region, VietNam which is considered as a sensitive area under the high risks of natural disasters and climate change. Located in downstream of Vu Gia - Thu Bon river system, Da Nang city is often inundated in flood season. Hoa Vang district is considered as the most flood damaged region in Danang City due to its location and topography. Assessing socio-economic vulnerability of floods is important in the management of natural disaster risks, from that developing solutions to mitigate the damage caused by floods. This study develops a flood vulnerability assessment method for the Hoa Vang district, Danang City based on the Geographic Information System (GIS). Through analyzing the inundation situation and local socio-economic conditions, the research has selected and developed a set of criteria to assess the flood vulnerability for the study area and presented in GIS environment. Based on the spatial analysis methods in GIS, the study has identified Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) and generated the flood vulnerability map for Hoa Vang district, Danang city. The results from this study are important in order to propose the solutions for responding to flood hazard in Da Nang City.
Air Pollution Assessment Using RS and Gis in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam: A Case Study of Period 2015-2019 for SO2 and NO2
Authors: Phuong Dinh Thi Kim , Nhut Mai Cong , Tri Nguyen Duc
Published: March 2021

Large urban areas are currently facing the problem of increasingly serious air pollution, which greatly affects human health and economic development. The sources of air pollution are mainly from industrial activities, transportation and human activities. Air pollutants data can be monitored and extracted from remote sensing images. This research aims to assess the level of NO2 and SO2 pollution in the air from data collected by OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) on AURA satellite of A-Train group. Pollution levels of NO2 and SO2 will be calculated, assessed. Then, a map illustrating the trend of NO2 and SO2 in Ho Chi Minh City during the period of 2015-2019 will be made. The results of the study showed that NO2 concentration varies significantly with the seasons, relatively high in the dry season reaching 70 (μg/m3) and decreasing in the rainy season. The concentration of SO2 varies relatively evenly in the area and increases in industrial areas with concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.37 mg/m3. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the rapid monitoring of air pollution in urban areas and large cities in order to get accurate, fast and timely air pollution information to have more appropriate and effective mitigation and prevention measures.
Application of Entropy weight in groundwater quality index (EWQI) and GIS for groundwater quality zoning in the Southeastern Coastal region, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen A H , Pham N T T , Tat V M H , Truong H T , Vo P L
Published: March 2021

Groundwater in the Southeastern coastal region of Vietnam is exploited for many purposes, including irrigation, livestock, domestic and production activities. In this study, Groundwater Quality Index calculated by Entropy weight method (EWQI) and Geographic Information System (GIS) are applied for zoning water quality through determining the weight of each parameter in accordance with the variation of each value in terms of. Spatial distribution the suitability of groundwater use in the study area. Groundwater samples were collected from 46 wells in the dry and wet seasons in 2018 for analyzing seven selected water quality parameters, including: pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), ammonium (NH4
+-N), nitrate (NO3
−-N), sulphate (SO4
2-) and ferrous (Fe2+). The groundwater quality is divided into five (05) categories corresponding to Entropy Water Quality Index (EWQI), comprising: excellent, good, medium, poor and extremely poor. The analysis results of Entropy weight indicated that pH, NH4
+-N, NO3
−-N are the most affected on the quality of groundwater at the study area. According to EWQI results, more than 41.30% of wells’ water quality are “very good” in both the dry and wet seasons, mainly in the coastal of Ba Ria - Vung Tau province and 13.04% of the total surveyed wells in the study area are “extremely poor”, mainly in Ho Chi Minh city. Accordingly, the zoning map of Entropy weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI), showed that the area with good quality of groundwater accounts for 34.3% and 37.72% of the total study area in the dry and the rainy season, respectively.
Analysis of water quality in Saigon River water and its treatment by traditional coagulation – flocculation
Authors: Khanh Bui Van , Duyen Tran Thi My , Hien Lam Pham Thanh , Que Vo Nguyen Xuan , Huy Nguyen Nhat
Published: March 2021

In natural water, colloidal particles play an important role in the transport of organic compounds, including pollutants. The analysis of colloidal particles creates more bases for the selection of river water treatment technology, making the treatment more efficient. In this study, the size and zeta potential of colloidal particles in Saigon river water were determined. Seven sampling sites were randomly selected along the river length in Ho Chi Minh City. One of the locations was selected to investigate colloidal properties at different times (i.e. 10 samples). The results showed that the colloidal particles have poor stability with Zeta potentials in the range from -19 mV to -12 mV. Besides, statistical analysis showed that the zeta potential had an inverse correlation with the pH value and the permanganate index with the significant coefficients of -0.67 and -0.73, respectively. The size of colloidal particles in water is not uniform; however, due to poor stability, part of the particles join together and settle down. Coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation-rapid sand filtration experiments were also performed to remove colloidal particles from the water. The treated water has low turbidity with a removal efficiency of 97%. This shows that the colloidal particles presented in the Saigon River water could be easily removed by the traditional physicochemical method. However, the parameters of the permanganate index and Coliforms did not meet the standard of QCVN 01-1/2018/BYT for drinking purposes, which still require further treatment.
Estimate tropical forest stand volume using SPOT 5 Satellite Image
Authors: Nguyen T T H , Pham T A , Luong T P
Published: March 2021

This study tested solutions aiming to improve the estimates of tropical forest stand volume (SV) for the large area using SPOT 5 data and field data. Firstly, forests were stratified into four forest strata using a hybrid classification of ISODATA (Iterative Self - Organization Data Analysis) unsupervised, and Maximum likelihood supervised (MLC) based on SPOT 5 image and field data. A set of 111 sample plots was distributed in these four forest strata, which represented disturbed forests under different levels by human-induced. Within the sample plots, diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height (H) were measured to calculate standing volume using the SV equation from the previous study for the area. The method of k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbour) was applied to estimate the stand volume for different datasets of SPOT 5 bands, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and combination of SPOT 5 bands and NDVI. The estimates were separately tested for the whole area and each forest stratum. Leave one out cross-validation method was employed to validate the quality of the predictions. The results indicated the accuracy of the estimate was significantly improved when applying for each stratum comparing to for the whole area with both SPOT 5 and NDVI data. The lower errors were found in the forest strata that are fewer disturbances than the heavily degraded stratum. Among the image data, the estimates were based on the NDVI give a lower accuracy compared to others.
Health risk assessment of groundwater consumption for drinking and domestic purposes in Xuyen Moc District, Ba Ria – Vung Tau Province, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen A H , Nguyen M P L , Pham N T T , Tat V M H , Luu L K , Vo P L
Published: March 2021

Groundwater in Xuyen Moc district is currently exploited for many purposes such as irrigation, domestic, production and livestock activities. In this study, the health risk assessment (HRA) method was used to determine the risks of public health for local people consuming groundwater for their domestic purposes by using the hazard quotient (HQ). This method calculated HQ of parameters exceeding the allowable limit in drinking water through monitoring data and the survey of households in the study area. Fourteen (14) groundwater samples were collected in the dry and wet seasons in 2017. Eleven (11) water quality parameters (pH, total hardness, TDS, SO4
2-, Cl−, NO3
−, F−, Mn2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ and Pb) were selected for analysis. Results of calculation of HQ showed that fluoride is a parameter affecting the health of children when using groundwater for a long-term (HQ > 1). HQ values ranged from 1.9 to 2.2 through ingestion of water and HQ through the dermal absorption ranged from 4.710−4 - 8.610−4.
Bacillus and azotobacter counts in solid biofertilizer with different concentration of zeolite and liquid inoculant
Authors: Hindersah R , Rahmadina I , Harryanto R , Suryatmana P , Arifin M
Published: March 2021

Bacillus and Azotobacter sp are Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria widely used as biofertilizer. The success of commercial carrier-basedbiofertilizer is depend on formulation which dictate the shelf live and cell viability as well. A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the population of Bacillus and Azotobacter in compost-based solid biofertilizer with several zeolite and liquid inoculant concentration. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design which test the combintion treatment of three concentration of zeolite (0.1, 1 and 5%) and four concentration of initial liquid mixed inoculant (1, 5, 10 and 15%). All formulations were incubated at room temperature prior to count the Bacillus and Azotobacter population at day 7, 14, 21 and 28. The results verified that, the population of both bacteria in compost-based inoculant were higher than initial population. The zeolite and liquid inoculant concentration influenced Bacillus count at 7 days and Azotobacter count at 7 and 14 days Nonetheless the higher population of both bacterial species was in the compost-based biofertilizer contained 1% zeolite and 10% of liquid inoculant as well as 5% zeolite and 5% liquid inoculant. Both formulations maintain the Bacillus and Azotobacter population up to 12 and 10 log of cfu/g respectively.
Total bacteria, total fungus, and water activity content of multinutrient block with green betle leaf levels added as feed supplements for goat
Authors: Pujaningsih R I , Widiyanto  , Baginda I M T , Sri M , Hilmiyatun N
Published: March 2021

Multinutrient blocks (MNB) have high water content (24.46%) which during storage can damage and reduce its quality. High water content can trigger the growth of bacteria and fungus, so it’s necessary to add natural ingredients such as green betle leaf which functions as anti-bacterial and anti-fungus. This study aims to evaluate the effect of green betle leaf juice addition on total bacteria, total fungus and water activity in MNB during storage. The research used completely randomized design with level addition of green betle leaf juice specifically at 0% (S0), 3% (S1), and 6% (S2). The results showed that the addition of green betle leaf juice with different levels to the multinutrient blocks during storage had a significant effect (p <0.05) on total bacteria and fungus. The addition of 6% green betle leaf juice to the MNB resulted in the lowest average total bacteria and fungus totalling 4.32 × 104 CFU / g and 4.66 × 104 log cfu / g. Water activity is below 0.6, so that fungus and bacteria in the multinutrient blocks cannot grow. So, it can be stated that multinutrient blocks with the addition of 6% green betle leaf juice can be given safely as feed supplements.
Microalgae for Simultaneous Removal of Organic and Nitrogenous Compounds from Wastewater
Authors: Zuhra  , Malahayati N , Emalya N , Rinaldi W , Yunardi Y
Published: March 2021

The increasing population growth and rapid urbanization, particularly in the developing countries, have significantly contributed to the amount and the quality of domestic wastewater. Although in certain cities, centralized wastewater treatment facility is available, it mainly aims at removing organic substances as the system uses the conventional one. Even after the treatment, the effluent is still rich with nutrients pollutants, particularly nitrogenous compounds originated from bathrooms and kitchens. Consequently, excessive nitrogenous matter in the effluent will end up in the water bodies which can lead to eutrophication, stimulating algal bloom, changing the balance of organism and degrading the water quality. As the conventional wastewater treatment system is expensive to invest and operate, an alternative cheaper and reliable method for wastewater treatment should be available, meeting the need of the developing countries. In recent years many researches have shown that microalga have capability of simultaneously reducing organic and nitrogenous substances in the wastewater for further developed as sources for producing medicines, healthy foods, ingredients, chemicals, biofuels, electricity, animal feeds, and many more. In this paper, we will review and discuss the potential application of microalgae in wastewater treatment, with attention to simultaneously removal of organics and nitrogenous substances in wastewater.
The effects of phosphate and lime fertilizer on the growth and production of soybean plants in a former wetland
Authors: Adnan  , Bakar B A , Azis A , Rosa E , Fitri S , Savitri S , Fachruddin F
Published: March 2021

This research aims to investigate the effects of phosphate and lime fertilizer on the growth and production of soybean plants in a former wetland. It was carried at the Experimental Field of the Agriculture Faculty, Samudra University Langsa, at a height of 3 meters above sea level (MASL) and a soil pH of 5.5. The results showed that phosphate fertilizer had a significant effect on plant height at the age of 30 DAP, the number of pods per polybag, the number of filled pods, the weight of dry seeds per polybag, and the weight of 100 dry seeds; however, it had no significant effect on plant height at the age 10 and 20 DAP, as well as on the number of productive branches. The most effective type of phosphate fertilizer found in this research was P3(TSP). The most effective type of lime fertilizer found in this study was K2(Dolomite). The combination of phosphate and lime fertilizer found to have a significant effect on the number of pods per polybag and the number of filled pods. The best combination of phosphate and lime fertilizer was P3K2(TSP + Dolomite) giving the best results.
Mode of action of the endophytic yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa in controlling basal stem rot caused by Phytopthora capsici
Authors: Safitri D , Wiyono S , Soekarno B P W , Achmad
Published: March 2021

Phytophthora capsici is the cause of basal stem rot (BSR) disease in black pepper plants. The BSR attack rate can reach 67% and can reduce black pepper production in the field by 30–40%. Application of yeast as a BSR control technique has not yet been studied, and this study therefore aims to determine the mechanism of yeast's action in suppressing P. capsici mycelium growth in vitro. Yeast is obtained from the Piperaceae family, and testing is through the dual culture antibiosis mechanism. There are two Rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolates from Piperaceae plants that can significantly inhibit mycelium growth of P. capsici through hyperparasitism, production of volatile organic compounds, and the ability to produce β-1,3 glucanase enzyme. Microscopic observations using compound microscopy and scanning of microscopic electrons show that Rhodotorula mucilaginosa has the ability to lyse P. capsici hyphae development.
The growth of cattle population in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) and its development prospects
Authors: Adnyana I P C P , Hilmiati N , Astiti L G S
Published: March 2021

West Nusa Tenggara or Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) Province is one of the centres of beef cattle production in Indonesia. There has few studies that concern with population trends and improvement opportunities. This research aimed at determining the Gross and Net increase of beef cattle population during 5 years of period (2014-2018) in NTB and its development prospects. The data was collected through desk study, then analysed descriptively using a qualitative approach to provide an overview of the cattle population in NTB and its development opportunities. The results showed that from 2014 to 2018, the increase in Gross and Net population growth was in line with the National Beef Self-Sufficiency Program. The development opportunities are heading to Sumbawa Island considering the land potential, the utilization of the remaining agricultural crops, and the use of Lamtoro tree legume as the source of protein feed.
Assessment of infiltration rate in the Lawe Menggamat Sub-Watershed, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Basri H , Manfarizah  , Syakur  , Chandra S Y
Published: March 2021

The Lawe Manggamat sub-watershed has been degraded as indicated by the increasing frequency of flood events from year to year. This is related to the hampered infiltration process so that the volume of rainfall that enters the soil is getting smaller, on the other hand, the surface runoff tends to increase. This study aimed to determine the infiltration rate in the Lawe Menggamat sub -watershed, Aceh Province, Indonesia. This research uses a descriptive method (survey) which refers to the Land Map Unit (LMU) by considering the type of land use, soil type, and slope. Infiltration in the field was observed using a double-ring infiltrometer at 17 LMU. The results showed that the infiltration rate in the Lawe Menggamat sub-watershed consisted of 5 categories, namely: fast (LMU-1, LMU-8, and LMU-16), rather fast (LMU-2, LMU-3, and LMU-17), medium (LMU-6, LMU-7, and LMU-10), rather slow (LMU-4, LMU-5, LMU-9, LMU-11, and LMU-15), slow (LMU-12, LMU-13, and LMU-14)."The dominant factors affecting the infiltration rate are texture, C-organic, bulk density, soil type, and land use. Management of cover crops and organic matter, as well as forest and land rehabilitation, are expected to improve infiltration in these areas.
Interaction between type of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and patchouli varieties on growth and yield of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)
Authors: Halimursyadah  , Syamsuddin  , Nurhayati  , Zuliana  , Phonna T N
Published: March 2021

A group of bacteria living in the rhizosphere area and capable to actively colonize the plant's root system called Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). These bacteria can improve plant growth and yield. We determine the interaction between types of PGPR and patchouli varieties on growth and yield. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology and Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, between January to June 2020. The collecting data from experiment were analyzed by factorial randomized block design with three replications. Seven type of rhizobacteria consist used without rhizobacteria, Necercia sp., Pseudomonas capacia, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus bodius, Bacillus alvei, Bacillus stearothermophillus. The varieties consist of three levels Tapak Tuan, Lhokseumawe, and Sidikalang. There was very significant interaction between rhizobacteria and varieties on the parameters of fresh weight and dry weight and significant interactions on plant height at 60 and 120 DAP, number of branches at 90 and 120 DAP, and leaf area. Variety of Sidikalang combination with P. capacia have very high wet weight (73.43 g), dry weight (18.05 g), and leaf area (84.00 cm2).
Influence of liquid probiotic inclusion as feed additives on lipid profiles and meat cholesterol content of commercial broiler chickens
Authors: Imran  , Wajizah S , Samadi
Published: March 2021

Due to consumer’s concern for food safety and the pathogenic bacterial resistance of antibiotics in humans, the usage of antibiotics as animal feed has been banned. The aims of this study was to investigate inclusion of liquid probiotic in drinking water on lipid profiles and meat cholesterol content of commercial chickens. Totally 100 chickens at the age of 28 d from growth study were selected for 20 chickens (5 birds per treatment) for further lipid profiles and meat cholesterol content study. Four treatment in this study was inclusion of liquid probiotics in the drinking water with different concentration (P1=control, P2= 1.0 %, P3= 1.5 % and P4= 2.0 % of probiotic in drinking water). The result of the study indicated that inclusion of liquid probiotic up to 2% did not significantly reduce the weight and percentage of abdominal fat and cholesterol in the breast meat broiler. However, inclusion of probiotics at the level of 1.5% was the best level indicated low cholesterol concentration and high value of iodine concentration in meat broilers. Based on the study, it was concluded that probiotics can be used as alternative feed additive to replace antibiotics as growth promoters up to 1.5% at the best.
Number of fruit flies (Diptera: tephritidae) trapped in various combinations of methyl eugenol dosages and trap colors
Authors: Mulyadi R , Wilyus  , Novalina
Published: March 2021

The fruit fly (Diptera: tephritidae) is one of the pests affecting chilies. This pest can cause yield losses that vary between 30% to 100%. An effective and environmentally friendly technique which could be applied to control this pest is the use of methyl eugenol attractant combined with the color of the trap. This research was carried out in Muaro Jambi District and aimed at testing the effectiveness of a combination of several attractant doses of methyl eugenol and color traps on a number of fruit flies trapped in the red chili plantations. This study used a split plot design. Methyl eugenol doses were used as the first factor, consisting of two levels namely 0,5 ml, 1,5 ml., and trap color was used as the second factor, consisting of three levels namely red, yellow, and blue. There were six treatment combinations with 4 replications in total. The result showed that the amount of fruit flies trapped with methyl eugenol at 1.5 ml dose and yellow color are higher than other treatment combinations. However, the attractant dose of methyl eugenol has a stronger effect than the color, this study shows that effective control of fruit flies must involve both elements.
The development strategy of superior commodities in Pidie Jaya regency
Authors: Fahmi N , Safrida  , Fajri  , Kasimin S
Published: March 2021

The development strategy of superior commodities in Pidie Jaya is very important to be done in such a way that the public is more prosperous in protecting the wheels of life. The developmental success of an area can be seen from the indication of economic change at the public level, but it will not work if the regional government’s contribution is lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the areas (sub-districts) which is the base of superior commodities in Pidie Jaya Regency and to determine the most effective economic development strategies based on superior commodities in Pidie Jaya Regency. The method used to determine the base of superior commodities was the LQ (Location Quotient) analysis model. The results of this research showed that there were 4 sub-districts as the basis of superior commodities namely Bandar Dua sub-district, Pante Raja sub-district, Bandar Baru sub-district, and Meurah Dua subdistrict.
Enhancing female pedestrians’ safety perceptions through the permeability of building frontages (case study: blok M area)
Authors: Dameria C , Fuad A H
Published: March 2021

This study investigates the relationship between the permeability of building frontages and female pedestrians’perceptions of safety on the sidewalk. A case study is conducted in two commercial streets with different settings in the Blok M area, Jakarta. Perceived meanings are evoked by the elements of the urban environments, which then form a subjective perception that differs due to several factors, including gender. Women in developing countries tend to exhibit more fear and insecurity in public places. Therefore, considerations that create a sense of security and safety for women in public places are essential. Natural surveillance, also known as the eyes on the street strategy, can improve one’s safety perception and is often triggered by a range of functions along the street, especially the ground floor and also an active building frontage. Permeability is one of the key features of an active building frontage that supports natural surveillance and a safe urban experience. Permeability differs according to the building’s uses and can be identified both physically and visually. The expected results suggest that permeability, through its openness and its transparency, can create a safe walking experience for female pedestrians in an urban context.
Application of in-situ restoration combination technique for eutrophic water in Bailuwan Ecological Wetland Park
Authors: Shui Yonghong , You Lixia , Shi Li , Li Rong , Mao Hongmei , Wang Xiaohu
Published: March 2021

Bailuwan Ecological Wetland Park with an area of 200 hm2, has been the first “National Urban Wetland Park” in Chengdu which is divided into A and B two zones. In zone A, as a window and image representative of the city, 50% recharge water in Daxuanhu Lake comes from Xiaoxuanhu Lake. The water eutrophication was serious with water blooms appeared in Xiaoxuanhu Lake in 2017. In order to repair the eutrophic water body, in-situ ecological restoration combination technology was applied. Thirteen kinds of plants, including submerged water, emergent water and floating leaf together with man-made wetland, submerged macrophyte, ecological floating bed and floating leaf plant were selected to construct as restoration system for Xiaoxuanhu Lake. The results showed that Xiaoxuanhu Lake water quality had improved significantly after restoration. The main physical and chemical indexes were up to the standard of III class of surface water from inferior V in one year’s operation. The annual average concentration of CODMn, TP, TN and NH3-N compared with influent decreased 10.4%, 67.7%, 25.1% and 25.6% respectively. The high quality water supply for Daxuanhu Lake was guaranteed in this way. The technique can be used in situ restoration of eutrophic water body in the ecological wetland park and ecological restoration of eutrophic water body in urban rivers and lakes.
Hydrate predictions on the China-Russia eastern gas pipeline during the pipeline goes into production
Authors: Zhang Kejia , Li Changjun , Li Li , Duan Linjie , Jia Wenlong
Published: March 2021

The China-Russia eastern gas pipeline has the characteristics of large pipe diameter and high pressure. During the pipeline goes into production, the temperature along the pipeline was low, and the conditions of low temperature and high pressure brought the risk of hydrate formation. Based on the multiphase flow theory and the CSMHyK hydrate growth kinetic model, this paper studied the hydrate formation region, the amount of hydrate formed and the influence of hydrate formation on the temperature drop and pressure drop of the China-Russia eastern gas pipeline in the first winter the pipeline goes into production. The results show that in the first winter the pipeline goes into production when the water content is more than 150 mg/kg the hydrate formation risk exists in the pipeline. Hydrate accumulates mainly in the ascending part of the low-lying pipe section, and the greater the height difference of the pipe section, the more hydrate accumulation. In the stage of mass hydrate formation, the temperature in the pipeline will rise due to hydrate formation, but when hydrate growth reaches equilibrium, the temperature in the pipeline is mainly controlled by the external soil temperature. In addition, a large amount of hydrate accumulation will generate a throttling effect, which will lead to increased temperature drop and pressure drop of the pipeline. When the water content is 350 mg/kg, the maximum additional pressure drop generated by hydrate aggregation is 2.27MPa.
Modelling flow and sediment transport change on the ecosystem in the large fresh water lake-Poyang Lake
Authors: Zhang Tao
Published: March 2021

River connected lakes exchange substances such as water and sediment with the rivers frequently, which means the ecosystem is significantly influenced by the relationship between the lake and the rivers. Affected by the construction and operation of the upstream reservoirs and the evolution of the climate conditions, the relationship between the lake and the rivers connected to Poyang Lake (PYL) has changed remarkably. The changed relationship has a direct impact on the inflow and outflow conditions of the water and sediment, which are most important state variables and driving variables in the aquatic ecosystem, specifically, the inorganic environment of an aquatic ecosystem is mainly composed of water and various forms of sediment and the transport of water and sediment drives the transport of nutrients and biological elements and forms the aquatic habitat. To study the impact of the flow and sediment transport change on the ecosystem in PLY, this study builds the food web model and simulates the evolution of the aquatic ecosystem by virtue of AQUATOX, which is a comprehensive eco-model developed by Environmental Protection Agency. The results illustrate there is a degeneration of the ecosystem in PYL when the sediment transport is decreased significantly, and the water discharge of Hukou is increased in dry season. In the 30 years’ simulation period, the biomass concentration of chlorophyll a increased significantly in summer and autumn, and the biomass concentration of benthos decreased significantly from 2012 to 2030.
Evaluation of the impact of water conservancy projects on the ecosystem of Poyang Lake
Authors: Meng Jianan
Published: March 2021

Energy engineering, such as hydroelectric stations, greatly affects the environment. Under the effect of the Three Gorges Dam, the water level of Poyang Lake has decreased. The dry season of Poyang Lake has become longer, leading to many consequences. The government proposed that a sluice be built in Poyang Lake to regulate the water level. We established AQUATOX model of Poyang Lake with different water flow in and out to simulate the ecosystem with changing water volume (water level). The data used in this paper are the output of the AQUATOX model. This paper proposes and uses a framework for ecosystem assessment of the body of Poyang Lake. The results show that the ecosystem quality of the body of Poyang Lake will become increasingly worse if no action is taken. If the necessary connectivity (for migratory creatures) is ensured, building a sluice can improve the ecosystem quality of the body of Poyang Lake. We also discusses the possibility of using ecosystem stability and regime shift indexes in ecosystem assessments.
Analysis of spatial structure and living culture of patio and courtyard dwellings in southern Hubei from the perspective of “cultural ecology” -- taking Ruijin Chuanfang ancient residence as an example
Authors: Huang Xinyi , Xu Hong , Xie Ning , Xu Mengya , Zhao Jin
Published: March 2021

The concept of cultural ecology is not only the basic requirement of self-innovation and self-protection of traditional culture, but also the effective response of traditional culture under the background of cultural crisis. From the perspective of cultural ecology, this study takes Ruijin Chuanfang ancient residence as an example to analyse the mutual adaptation between spatial elements such as spatial combination, functional distribution and construction structure of traditional folk dwellings in southern Hubei province and local unique cultural elements such as natural environment, economic environment and social environment.
Characteristics and source of soil selenium content in Zhangba Village, Lintong District, Shaanxi Province
Authors: Qiao Xinxing , Ji Huawei , Zhang Jijun , Li Aorui , Ren Rui , Chao Xu , Hu Kui
Published: March 2021

Soil selenium content affects the absorption and accumulation of selenium in crops and ultimately affects human health; therefore, it is of great significance to study the characteristics of selenium content in soils and crops. Based on the previous agricultural geological survey and research carried out in Lintong area, and combined with data of Second National Land Survey, the agricultural geological survey and evaluation at the village level was carried out in Zhangba Village, Lintong District. Distribution characteristics of soil selenium content in each plot and selenium levels in crops were analyzed systemically, and the causes and influence factors of soil selenium was preliminarily studied. This survey found that selenium content of the soils and crops in Zhangba Village all met the standard of selenium enrichment. This finding provides strong support for land resource planning and management and rational utilization of selenium-rich soil resources in this area, moreover, it is of great significance to adjust planting structure, improve land use value, and promote development of selenium-rich agriculture.
Estimation of exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers of people surrounding Nanjing Chemical Industry Park via fish consumption
Authors: Wu Jianfeng , Shen Mengnan , Cheng Jie
Published: March 2021

Nanjing Chemical Industry Park (NCIP) is an important industrial base with more than 300 chemical plants. Taking NCIP as a research area, this article conducted a random sampling survey on the aquatic product consumption of residents in the NCIP and its surrounding areas. Then this study preliminarily estimated the exposure level of local residents to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) associated with fish consumption. The mean intake of Σ6 PBDEs via fish consumption was 0.69 ng/kg body weight b.w./day with a range of 0.35-1.63 ng/kg b.w./day. There was no significant difference in total intake of PBDEs at different body weights. Among the six PBDEs congeners, BDE-47 was dominant in the total intake, with an average contribution rate of 77%. The daily exposure to PBDEs decreased with the increase of body weight. During this period, the total intake of PBDES through fish consumption was at a low level. Overall, the estimated daily intake of total PBDEs was far below the LOAEL for the population in this region.
Research on theoretical energy saving rate of cooling and heating with intelligent temperature control of office buildings in Xinjiang typical climate zone
Authors: Ni Pingan , Wang Wanjiang , Ji Wensi , Zhang Yaru , Yang Chongchong
Published: March 2021

At present, many office buildings in Xinjiang generally use continuous movement of heating and cooling systems, heating and cooling excessively caused the energy waste, the use of intelligent control equipment system can effectively save energy. This paper uses the parametric performance simulation toolset (Ladybug tools) to model the energy consumption of office buildings in four typical climatic regions in Xinjiang. It simulates two methods of intelligent control (ICS) and continuous operation (COS) in different window-to-wall ratio (WWR) the influence of heating and cooling energy consumption load. Considering the additional equipment energy consumption (ΔE) of ICS, the control energy saving rate (ƞ) is compared ICS with COS. The results show that in different climate zones and with different WWR, ICS is more energy-efficient at the heating and cooling methods than COS. Moreover, in different climate conditions, office buildings with different WWR have different energy-saving rates. The change of the WWR has a small effect on the η value in the Severe Cold Zone C, and the η value in the Cold Zone A region decreases with the WWR becomes larger. This study further proves that the contribution of intelligently controlled heating and air-conditioning systems of building energy conservation and provides a favourable basis for refined energy development.
Reasons analysis of the large deviation in the NOx emission data of the coal-fired power plant
Authors: Dong Ruifeng , Zhang Kai , Guo Yang
Published: March 2021

The problem of the large deviation in the CEMS (Continuous Emission Monitoring System) data of NOx emission from the coal-fired power plant is analyzed. The deviation existed between the data measured at the chimney and the outlet of the denitration system. On-site inspection and testing are carried out. The results show that the uneven distribution of NOx concentration at the denitration outlet caused by the uneven ammonia injection, is the main reason for the difference in the NOx concentration monitoring value between the chimney inlet and the outlet of the denitration system. Several suggestions are given to reduce the deviation between the CEMS monitoring data and the actual average data. In the subsequent operation of the denitration device, AIG ammonia injection optimization and adjustment tests should be carried out regularly. The ammonia injection branch pipes and nozzles should be checked, especially at the shutdown time.
Small Break Loss of Coolant Accident (SB-LOCA) fault diagnosis using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Authors: Mwangi Mwaura Anselim , Yong-Kuo Liu , Ochieng Adede Simon
Published: March 2021

The detection of incipient faults of the current fault diagnosis systems in Nuclear Power Plants is inherently limited. Active research in machine learning algorithms like Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is providing promising results in the prediction of faults. This paper explored four different configurations of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) methodology in a bid to come up with a superior model that not only had a high sensitivity in the detection of incipient faults but also had superior prediction capabilities. The data-driven ANFIS schemes were used to predict a sensitive fault signature and to evaluate the models, Small Break Loss of Coolant Accident (SBLOCA) transient events were modeled in Qinshan I Nuclear Power Plant. Coefficient of determination, normal probability plot of residuals and mean absolute percent error were used to assess the competencies of the estimation of the models.
Quantitative assessment method of power grid disaster response capability based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and comprehensive weight1
Authors: Zang Bipeng , Xie Xiangpeng , Zhou Xia , Lu Jianqiang
Published: March 2021

To study the objective assessment of power grid disaster response capacity under extreme natural disasters, a quantitative assessment method of power grid disaster response capacity based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and weight is proposed. Firstly, a pre-disaster endurance and post-disaster resilience evaluation index system is established by analyzing the comprehensive data of the power grid system. Then, the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method to obtain the subjective and objective weights of the indicators are used and combined into comprehensive weight determination indicators. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to quantitatively evaluate the disaster response capability of the power grid is used. Finally, the proposed evaluation method is verified through a calculation example. The results show that the method is reasonable and effective, and has a certain guiding role for the grid to respond to extreme natural disasters.
Effects of different nitrogen concentrations and light intensities on lipid accumulation and growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Zhao Yiran , Li Zhuoyuan , Tu Xiaomeng , Xu Lili
Published: March 2021

This study sets different nitrogen concentration gradients to explore the impact of nitrogen concentration on biomass and lipid accumulation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under different light intensities. The results showed that the conditions for the accumulation of lipid in the algae were 30μE-m-2-s-1 light intensity and 100 mg.mL-1 nitrogen concentration with the lipid content of C. reinhardtii was 39.79% and chlorophyll content was 17.08 mg.mL-1. This study provides an experimental basis for the regulation of lipid production of C. reinhardtii by using nitrogen-deficient culture and provides a foundation for further utilization of genetic engineering methods to regulate the lipid metabolism of C. reinhardtii.