bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficiency Maximized Resource Allocation for Opportunistic Relay‐Aided OFDMA Downlink with Subcarrier Pairing
Authors: Wang Tao , Ma Chao , Sun Yanzan , Zhang Shunqing , Wu Yating
Published: May 2018

This paper studies the energy efficiency (EE) maximization for an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) downlink network aided by a relay station (RS) with subcarrier pairing. A highly flexible transmission protocol is considered, where each transmission is executed in two time slots. Every subcarrier in each slot can either be used in direct mode or be paired with a subcarrier in another slot to operate in relay mode. The resource allocation (RA) in such a network is highly complicated, because it has to determine the operation mode of subcarriers, the assignment of subcarriers to users, and the power allocation of the base station and RS. We first propose a mathematical description of the RA strategy. Then, a RA algorithm is derived to find the globally optimum RA to maximize the EE. Finally, we present extensive numerical results to show the impact of minimum required rate of the network, the user number, and the relay position on the maximum EE of the network.
Mobile Personal Health Monitoring for Automated Classification of Electrocardiogram Signals in Elderly
Authors: Mena Luis J. , Félix Vanessa G. , Ochoa Alberto , Ostos Rodolfo , González Eduardo , Aspuru Javier , Velarde Pablo , Maestre Gladys E.
Published: May 2018

Mobile electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is an emerging area that has received increasing attention in recent years, but still real-life validation for elderly residing in low and middle-income countries is scarce. We developed a wearable ECG monitor that is integrated with a self-designed wireless sensor for ECG signal acquisition. It is used with a native purposely designed smartphone application, based on machine learning techniques, for automated classification of captured ECG beats from aged people. When tested on 100 older adults, the monitoring system discriminated normal and abnormal ECG signals with a high degree of accuracy (97%), sensitivity (100%), and specificity (96.6%). With further verification, the system could be useful for detecting cardiac abnormalities in the home environment and contribute to prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment of cardiovascular diseases, while keeping costs down and increasing access to healthcare services for older persons.
Specific Targeting ofMTAP-Deleted Tumors with a Combination of 2′-Fluoroadenine and 5′-Methylthioadenosine
Authors: Tang Baiqing , Lee Hyung-Ok , An Serim S. , Cai Kathy Q. , Kruger Warren D.
Published: May 2018

Homozygous deletion of the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene is a frequent event in a wide variety of human cancers and is a possible molecular target for therapy. One potential therapeutic strategy to target MTAP-deleted tumors involves combining toxic purine analogues such as 6′-thioguanine (6TG) or 2′-fluoroadenine (2FA) with the MTAP substrate 5′-deoxy-5′-methylthioadenosine (MTA). The rationale is that excess MTA will protect normal MTAP+ cells from purine analogue toxicity because MTAP catalyzes the conversion of MTA to adenine, which then inhibits the conversion of purine base analogues into nucleotides. However, in MTAP− tumor cells, no protection takes place because adenine is not formed. Here, we examine the effects of 6TG and 2FA in combination with MTA in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, MTA protected against both 6TG and 2FA toxicity in an MTAP-dependent manner, shifting the IC50 concentration by one to three orders of magnitude. However, in mice, MTA protected against toxicity from 2FA but failed to protect against 6TG. Addition of 100 mg/kg MTA to 20 mg/kg 2FA entirely reversed the toxicity of 2FA in a variety of tissues and the treatment was well tolerated by mice. The 2FA+MTA combination inhibited tumor growth of four different MTAP− human tumor cell lines in mouse xenograft models. Our results suggest that 2FA+MTA may be a promising combination for treating MTAP-deleted tumors.

Significance: Loss of MTAP occurs in about 15% of all human cancers; the MTAP protection strategy presented in this study could be very effective in treating these cancers. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4386–95. ©2018 AACR.
TMPRSS2-ERG Controls Luminal Epithelial Lineage and Antiandrogen Sensitivity in PTEN and TP53-Mutated Prostate Cancer
Authors: Blee Alexandra M. , He Yundong , Yang Yinhui , Ye Zhenqing , Yan Yuqian , Pan Yunqian , Ma Tao , Dugdale Joseph , Kuehn Emily , Kohli Manish , Jimenez Rafael , Chen Yu , Xu Wanhai , Wang Liguo , Huang Haojie
Published: May 2018

Purpose: Deletions or mutations in PTEN and TP53 tumor suppressor genes have been linked to lineage plasticity in therapy-resistant prostate cancer. Fusion-driven overexpression of the oncogenic transcription factor ERG is observed in approximately 50% of all prostate cancers, many of which also harbor PTEN and TP53 alterations. However, the role of ERG in lineage plasticity of PTEN/TP53–altered tumors is unclear. Understanding the collective effect of multiple mutations within one tumor is essential to combat plasticity-driven therapy resistance.

Experimental Design: We generated a Pten-negative/Trp53-mutated/ERG-overexpressing mouse model of prostate cancer and integrated RNA-sequencing with ERG chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify pathways regulated by ERG in the context of Pten/Trp53 alteration. We investigated ERG-dependent sensitivity to the antiandrogen enzalutamide and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor palbociclib in human prostate cancer cell lines, xenografts, and allografted mouse tumors. Trends were evaluated in TCGA, SU2C, and Beltran 2016 published patient cohorts and a human tissue microarray.

Results: Transgenic ERG expression in mice blocked Pten/Trp53 alteration–induced decrease of AR expression and downstream luminal epithelial genes. ERG directly suppressed expression of cell cycle–related genes, which induced RB hypophosphorylation and repressed E2F1-mediated expression of mesenchymal lineage regulators, thereby restricting adenocarcinoma plasticity and maintaining antiandrogen sensitivity. In ERG-negative tumors, CDK4/6 inhibition delayed tumor growth.

Conclusions: Our studies identify a previously undefined function of ERG to restrict lineage plasticity and maintain antiandrogen sensitivity in PTEN/TP53–altered prostate cancer. Our findings suggest ERG fusion as a biomarker to guide treatment of PTEN/TP53-altered, RB1-intact prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 24(18); 4551–65. ©2018 AACR.
The Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores in Older Adults
Authors: Farrell Stephen W. , Abramowitz Aidin R. , Willis Benjamin L. , Barlow Carolyn E. , Weiner Myron , Falkowski Jed , Leonard David , Pavlovic Andjelka , DeFina Laura F.
Published: May 2018

Background: Relatively little is known regarding the association between objective measures of physical function such as cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognitive function tests in healthy older adults. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between CRF and cognitive function in adults aged 55 and older. Methods: Between 2008 and 2017, 4,931 men and women underwent a comprehensive preventive physical exam at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas. CRF was determined by duration of a maximal treadmill exercise test. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In a multivariate model, adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for MoCA scores < 26 (i.e., cognitive impairment) were determined by using CRF as both a continuous and a categorical variable. Results: The mean age of the sample was 61.0 ± 6.0 years; mean maximal MET values were 10.0 ± 2.2. Mean MoCA scores were 26.9 ± 2.2; 23.4% of the sample had MoCA scores indicative of cognitive impairment. The odds ratio for cognitive impairment was 0.93 (0.88–0.97) per 1-MET increment in CRF. When examined as a categorical variable, and using the lowest CRF quintile as the referent, there was a significantly reduced likelihood for cognitive impairment across the remaining ordered CRF categories (p trend = 0.004). Conclusion: The association between CRF and MoCA score in older adults suggests that meeting or exceeding public health guidelines for physical activity is likely to increase CRF in low fit individuals, maintain CRF in those with a moderate to high level of CRF, and thereby help to maintain cognitive function in healthy older adults.
Target Door-to-Needle Time for Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening Can Be Reduced to 45 min
Authors: Sablot Denis , Ion Ioana , Khlifa Khaled , Farouil Geoffroy , Leibinger Franck , Gaillard Nicolas , Laverdure Alexandre , Bensalah Zoubir Mourad  , Mas Julie , Fadat Bénédicte , Smadja Philippe , Ferraro-Allou Adélaïde , Bonnec Jean-Marie , Olivier Nadège , Dutray Anaïs , Tardieu Maxime , Dumitrana Adrian , Guibal Aymeric , Jurici Snejana , Bertrand Jean-Louis , Allou Thibaut , Arquizan Caroline , Bonafe Alain
Published: May 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the median door-to-needle (DTN) time for intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment can be reduced to 45 min in a primary stroke centre with MRI-based screening for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Methods: From February 2015 to February 2017, the stroke unit of Perpignan general hospital, France, implemented a quality-improvement (QI) process. During this period, patients who received tPA within 4.5 h after AIS onset were included in the QI cohort. Their clinical characteristics and timing metrics were compared each semester and also with those of 135 consecutive patients with AIS treated by tPA during the 1-year pre-QI period (pre-QI cohort). Results: In the QI cohort, 274 patients (92.5%) underwent MRI screening. While the demographic and baseline characteristics were not significantly different between cohorts, the median DTN time was significantly lower in the QI than in the pre-QI cohort (52 vs. 84 min; p < 0.00001). Within the QI cohort, the median DTN time for each semester decreased from 65 to 44 min (p < 0.00001) and the proportion of treated patients with a DTN time ≤45 min increased from 25 to 58.9% (p < 0.0001). Overall, DTN time improvement was associated with a better outcome at 3 months (patients with a modified Rankin Scale score between 0 and 2: 61.8% in the QI vs. 39.3% in the pre-QI cohort; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: A QI process can reduce the DTN within 45 min with MRI as a screening tool.
Obesity and Migraine: Effect Modification by Gender and Perceived Stress
Authors: Andreeva Valentina A. , Fezeu Léopold K. , Hercberg Serge , Galan Pilar
Published: May 2018

Background: The association between obesity and migraine has been established; however, it is unclear whether it varies by perceived stress within each gender. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the ongoing NutriNet-Santé e-cohort with enrollees from the general population. Anthropometric and migraine data were provided via self-report questionnaires (2013–2016). Migraine was defined using established criteria. Perceived stress was assessed with Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale-10. Associations were estimated via gender- and stress-stratified multivariable polytomous logistic regression models. Results: Among 32,835 participants with complete data (75% women; mean age = 51.9 ± 13.8 years), 34% reported no headache, 44% non-migraine headache, and 22% migraine with or without aura during one’s lifetime. In these groups, obesity was present in 8.6, 9.9, and 11.6%, respectively. Stress was a significant moderator of the obesity-migraine association only among women. The largest significant adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was found between obesity and migraine in women with high stress (aOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.35–1.91). Conclusions: We found support for gender- and stress-dependent associations between obesity and migraine using a large, heterogeneous adult sample. This underscores the need for evidence-based strategies for weight loss and stress reduction for female migraineurs.
Fluid Intake Habits in Type 1 Diabetes Individuals during Typical Training Bouts
Authors: Buoite Stella Alex , Yardley Jane , Francescato Maria Pia , Morrison Shawnda A.
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: Hyperglycemia may influence the hydration status in diabetic individuals. During exercise, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) individuals may be challenged by a higher risk of dehydration due to a combination of fluid losses from sweat and increased urine output via glycosuria. So far, no study has characterised spontaneous fluid intake in T1DM individuals during active trainings. Methods: A validated questionnaire was used to assess T1DM participants’ diabetes therapy, sports characteristics and fluid intake during training; results were then compared to an age- and sport-matched sample of non-diabetic individuals. Results: Ninety individuals completed the survey (n = 45 T1DM individuals, n = 45 matched controls). A proportion of T1DM ­individuals reported blood glucose levels greater than 10.0 mmol at both the start (28.9%) and end (24.4%) of the exercise. The mean self-reported fluid intake was greater in T1DM (0.60 ± 0.47 L·h–1) compared to that of the control (0.37 ± 0.28 L·h–1, p < 0.05). In spite of drinking fluid volumes in line with international guidelines, 84.4% of those with T1DM reported that they were still feeling thirsty at the end of their training session. Conclusions: T1DM individuals self-report spontaneously consuming fluid adequate volumes suggested by sport nutrition guidelines for non-diabetic athletes. Discrepancies in the T1DM subjectively reported feelings of thirst suggest that more education on hydration during exercise is needed for this population to adequately compensate for elevated blood glucose levels. It remains to be established whether fluid volumes suggested for healthy athletes are adequate for maintaining euhydration in T1DM patients due to their altered diuresis.
HSP70/HSP90-Organizing Protein Contributes to Gastric Cancer Progression in an Autocrine Fashion and Predicts Poor Survival in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhai Ertao , Liang Wei , Lin Yi , Huang Linlin , He Xin , Cai Shirong , Chen Jianhui , Zhang Ning , Li Jiali , Zhang Qiuyang , He Yulong , Zeng Zhirong , Chen Minhu , Xu Lixia , Peng Sui
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: HSP70/HSP90-organizing protein (HOP) is an adaptor protein that mediates heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and HSP90 folding. HOP can be secreted by cancer cells and promote malignant cell growth in an autocrine manner. Here, we studied its role in gastric cancer (GC). Methods: HOP mRNA and protein levels were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the serum levels. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze HOP expression in 117 GC tissues and 32 adjacent normal tissues. The Cell Counting Kit-8 cell viability assay, flow cytometry, and western blotting were used to analyze the effects of HOP on cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the potential underlying mechanisms. Results: HOP mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in GC tissues than in normal tissues in our medical center (P< 0.001) and in The Cancer Genome Atlas database (P< 0.001). GC patients had higher serum levels of HOP than age-matched healthy controls (P< 0.001); however, once tumors were removed, serum levels significantly decreased (P< 0.01). In human GC tissues, increased HOP expression was associated with tumor progression and poor survival. Notably, autocrine HOP promoted cell proliferation through the phospholipase Cγ1-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-dependent pathway, and inhibited cell apoptosis by regulating the activities of caspase 9, caspase 3, and B-cell lymphoma 2. Blocking extracellular HOP with neutralizing antibody reduced proliferation and enhanced fluorouracil-induced apoptosis of GC cells. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that HOP is an important molecular marker and prognostic factor for GC, and functionally contributes to tumor cell growth and survival. These results provide a rationale for considering HOP as a potential therapeutic target and chemosensitizer in GC.
Comprehensive and Integrative Analysis Reveals the Diagnostic, Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of Polo-Like Kinase 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Peng , Wen Dong-yue , Dang Yi-wu , He Yun , Yang Hong , Chen Gang
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: Liver cancer has the second highest cancer-related death rate globally and has relatively few targeted therapeutics. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a fascinating trigger of the cell cycle; however, the still-rudimentary understanding of PLK1 at present is a significant barrier to its clinical applications. Here, we comprehensively clarified the clinicopathological value and potential functions of PLK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: HCC-related microarrays, RNA-sequencing datasets and published studies were deeply mined and integrated from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, ArrayExpress, Oncomine, literature databases, and immunohistochemistry experiments. Meanwhile, the associations between PLK1 expression and its clinicopathological implications and prognostic value in HCC patients were assessed. The standardized mean difference, summary receiver operating characteristic curve and the corresponding area under the curve, hazard ratios, odds ratios (ORs), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were examined by STATA 12.0. Additionally, several bioinformatics methods were used to identify the potential function of PLK1 in HCC. Results: Comprehensive analyses revealed that PLK1 was significantly increased in HCC (standardized mean difference = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.03–1.65, P < 0.001). The results of diagnostic tests specified that in the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, the area under the curve was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85–0.90). Furthermore, an elevated PLK1 level significantly predicted unfavorable overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.10–2.88, P = 0.019) and was correlated with female gender (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.56–0.95, P = 0.017), tumor thrombus (OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.46–10.78, P < 0.001), metastasis (OR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.33–9.01, P = 0.011), pathologic stage (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.17–2.07, P = 0.002), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage (OR = 5.76, 95% CI: 2.17–15.28, P < 0.001) and histologic grade (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.12–487, P = 0.024). Through bioinformatics methods, we determined that enhancing the proliferative effect of PLK1 in HCC was associated with a series of hub genes and the activation of the cell cycle pathway. Conclusions: These findings substantiated that PLK1 may be an independent prognostic biomarker in HCC and may facilitate the development of targeted precision oncology.
Hydrogen Sulfide Decreases Blood-Brain Barrier Damage via Regulating Protein Kinase C and Tight Junction After Cardiac Arrest in Rats
Authors: Li Hangbing , Zhu Lin , Feng Jingwei , Hu Xiaotong , Li Chen , Zhang Bing
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can decrease blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability after cardiac arrest (CA) and resuscitation; however, the underlying mechanisms are not understood clearly. Methods: We investigated the effects of inhalation of H2S on CA and resuscitation in a rat model of CA. We used Evans blue to detect the integrity of BBB and Western blot to assess the activation of protein kinase c (PKC) isozymes and the expression of Claudin-5, Occludin, and ZO-1. Neurological deficit scales and the 14-days survival rate were measured. Results: We determined that inhalation of 40 p.p.m or 80 p.p.m H2S significantly decreased brain water content and Evans blue leakage, ameliorated neurologic deficit scale and improved 14-days survival rate. H2S inhibited the activation of PKC-α, β I, β II and δ, impelled the activation of PKC-ε, and increased the expression of Claudin-5, Occludin and ZO-1. Conclusions: H2S improved the integrity of BBB, mitigated brain edema; improved neurological outcome and 14-days survival rate in rats after CA and resuscitation. The beneficial effects of H2S may be associated with inhibiting the activation of PKC-α, β I, β II and δ, promoting the activation of PKC-ε, and increasing the expression of Claudin-5, Occludin and ZO-1.
Depletion of Cholesterol Reduces ENaC Activity by Decreasing Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate in Microvilli
Authors: Zhai Yu-Jia , Liu Bing-Chen , Wei Shi-Peng , Chou Chu-Fang , Wu Ming-Ming , Song Bin-Lin , Linck Valerie A. , Zou Li , Zhang Shuai , Li Xue-Qi , Zhang Zhi-Ren , Ma He-Ping
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in cortical collecting duct (CCD) principal cells plays a critical role in regulating systemic blood pressure. We have previously shown that cholesterol (Cho) in the apical cell membrane regulates ENaC; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods: Patch-clamp technique and confocal microscopy were used to evaluate ENaC activity and density. Results: Here we show that extraction of membrane Cho with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) significantly reduced amiloride-sensitive current and ENaC single-channel activity. The effects were reproduced by inhibition of Cho synthesis in the cells with lovastatin. We have previously shown that phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), an ENaC activator, is predominantly located in the microvilli, a specialized apical membrane domain. Here, our confocal microscopy data show that α-ENaC was co-localized with PIP2 in the microvilli and that Cho was also co-localized with PIP2 in the microvilli. Either extraction of Cho with MβCD or inhibition of Cho synthesis with lovastatin consistently reduced the levels of Cho, PIP2, and ENaC in the microvilli. Conclusions: Since PIP2 can directly stimulate ENaC and also affect ENaC trafficking, these data suggest that depletion of Cho reduces ENaC apical density and activity at least in part by decreasing PIP2 in the microvilli.
Avaliação de desempenho de um projeto padrão do programa Proinfância: escola de educação infantil no sul do Brasil
Authors: Modler Nébora Lazzarotto , Berleze Angélica Saccol , Tsutsumi Edison Kiyoshi , Linczuk Vinicius Cesar Cadena , Azevedo Giselle Arteiro Nielsen
Published: May 2018

O Programa Nacional de Reestruturação e Aquisição de Equipamentos para a Rede Escolar Pública de Educação Infantil (Proinfância) investiu nos últimos anos na construção de novas escolas e na melhoria da infraestrutura com recursos federais do Plano de Aceleração do Crescimento. Contudo, a multiplicação de projetos padrão em nível nacional, sem a devida atenção às diversidades climáticas, pode gerar problemas, principalmente de desconforto térmico, em ambientes internos. Este trabalho apresenta uma Avaliação Pós-Ocupação (APO) de uma Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil (EMEI) localizada no sul do Brasil. O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho de uma edificação oriunda de projeto padrão, bem como analisar a aplicação dos procedimentos e instrumentos usualmente empregados em APO, identificando suas vantagens e limitações. Em termos metodológicos foram aplicados os instrumentos Walkthrough, questionário e mapeamento visual. No que diz respeito à avaliação de desempenho, verificou-se a insatisfação com o piso da edificação, as circulações externas desprotegidas, o ruído advindo do pátio coberto, a inadequada localização do refeitório, as pequenas dimensões das salas de atividades e de repouso e a inexistência de banheiros próximos às salas. Quanto à aplicação dos instrumentos, verificou-se que o desenvolvimento do mapeamento visual permitiu ainda que aspectos que passaram despercebidos no questionário e no Walkthrough fossem identificados. Essa experiência confirma a importância da inserção de instrumentos de APO diversificados, a fim de que seja possível identificar e aprofundar fatores pertinentes às condições ambientais, bem como esclarecer apontamentos por meio do cruzamento de respostas. A pesquisa conclui a necessidade da revisão de alguns aspectos do projeto padrão do Proinfância no intuito de que haja um processo de qualificação constante e que possibilite as adaptações tanto ambientais quanto culturais, diante de um país tão diversificado.
Escolhas sustentáveis em sistemas de vedação: construção de uma métrica de avaliação relativa
Authors: Guerrero Rafael Eduardo López , Nome Carlos Alejandro
Published: May 2018

A escolha de soluções eficientes para um sistema de vedação sustentável é um desafio exigente. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa propõe desenvolver uma métrica de avaliação relativa que pondere, qualitativamente, o grau de sustentabilidade dos sistemas de vedação em projetos de habitação compacta e que sirva como método de escolha de tais tecnologias na etapa de projeto. O objeto de pesquisa justifica-se baseado na escassez de métodos simplificados a respeito e na iniciativa Casa Nordeste 1.0 de participação de uma competição internacional de projeto e execução de protótipos de casas sustentáveis operadas a energia solar, por parte da equipe do Laboratório de Modelos e Prototipagem (LM+P) da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), no qual está inserido este plano de trabalho. O método proposto contempla a revisão bibliográfica sistematizada na busca de procedimentos, técnicas de avaliação/ seleção existentes, assim como na adoção de categorias, critérios e variáveis de avaliação de materiais e sistemas de vedação. Foram realizados estudos pilotos para desenvolver e testar a confiabilidade da construção preliminar da métrica proposta. Os resultados apontam que é possível diminuir parcialmente a complexidade de avaliar, de maneira simultânea, questões sociais, econômicas e ambientais, próprias da visão holística que orienta o paradigma adotado por esta pesquisa. Desse modo, por meio das estimativas comparativa e qualitativa de tecnologias construtivas, é possível obter subsídios para uma escolha mais criteriosa na etapa de projeto.
Contribuição da modelagem BIM para facilitar o processo de ACV de edificações completas
Authors: Gomes Vanessa , Barros Natalia Nakamura
Published: May 2018

A combinação de estratégias de projeto sustentável e BIM pode mudar as práticas tradicionais e produzir de forma eficiente um projeto de alto desempenho, mas ainda esbarra em dificuldades de interoperabilidade de software. A extração automática é o mais citado dentre os apoios potenciais que modelos BIM oferecem à realização de análises ambientais. O exame da literatura não confirma a validação desse procedimento por especialistas de avaliação do ciclo de vida (ACV), mas registra estudos incipientes para aumentar a integração de BIM e ACV. Este artigo explora contribuições da modelagem BIM para facilitar o processo de ACV de edificações completas. Procura-se verificar as hipóteses de que (1) a extração automática de quantitativo de materiais a partir de modelo com nível de desenvolvimento (LOD) 300 contribui positivamente para a realização de ACV (BIM+LCA) e (2) a inserção de parâmetros ambientais diretamente no modelo e na execução de cálculos dentro do próprio programa BIM (BIM4LCA) pode aumentar significativamente essa contribuição. Utilizou-se o software BIM Revit Architecture 2016 para modelagem dos elementos arquitetônicos, estruturais, hidrossanitários e de condicionamento artificial. Analisamos as variações entre a quantificação de referência – realizada manualmente, a partir de documentos de projeto – e aquela obtida por extração automática, assim como a adequabilidade do LOD utilizado para fins de ACV. A variação discreta (até 12%) entre as quantificações confirma a validade da extração automática para realização de ACV e da modelagem em LOD 300 para o nível de acurácia praticado atualmente. Na segunda parte do estudo, demonstramos que modelos BIM podem ser preparados para facilitar ACV (BIM4LCA) de forma operacionalmente simples, mas de grande efetividade. Em novos desenvolvimentos de projetos, esse modo pode fornecer feedback rapidamente – ainda que unidirecional – e fundamentar uma tomada de decisão mais robusta para elevar desempenho ambiental de edificações, enquanto o emprego de tecnologias de “extração, transformação e carregamento” (ETL) ou a interoperabilidade completa não se tornarem prática comum.
Geographic information systems, landscape archaeology and onthological geography: possibilities and challenges in the studies of the Greek cities of Sicily
Authors: Custódio Christiane T.
Published: May 2018

A arqueologia da paisagem é um dos campos privilegiados da arqueologia no que concerne à multiplicação de trabalhos que vêm contribuindo para um refinamento de conceitos, metodologias de investigação e importantes resultados no campo das ciências sociais. Não obstante, o terreno – a base sobre a qual se assenta a vida social, as construções, os caminhos e os abrigos – ainda não ocupa um lugar de destaque nas indagações dos arqueólogos, sobretudo como elemento fundamental da definição geográfica dos homens e das significações que dela decorrem. A natureza das cidades antigas também abrange resultados de escolhas conscientes e não conscientes, racionais ou irracionais e quaisquer modelos esquemáticos e universalmente válidos empregados na sua análise são inócuos, por certo. Ainda assim, alguns requisitos essenciais condicionam escolhas que se materializam na ocupação e nos contornos que a cidade adquire ao longo de sua existência. A tecnologia de sistemas de informação geográfica ocupa um espaço de destaque nas investigações, permitindo o ordenamento e a concatenação de fontes diversas, aumentando o potencial informativo dos dados. Adotar escalas de trabalho em níveis intra-local e regional separadamente e recortes temporais bem definidos constitui método adequado de execução da pesquisa. Buscaremos discutir o potencial das ferramentas e da metodologia aplicada ao estudo das estratégias de assentamento das fundações gregas na Sicília no período arcaico e respectivas dinâmicas sociopolíticas
Pós-política e corrosão da verdade
Authors: Bucci Eugênio
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo parte da constatação do crescente f luxo de notícias fraudulentas, que deformam os processos decisórios na democracia, para localizar, no conceito de “verdade factual” tal como ele foi pensado pela filósofa Hannah Arendt, um possível valor ético capaz de ordenar a prática dos que trabalham com informação orientados pela disposição de preservar e fortalecer a cultura democrática.
O que é falso sobre fake news
Authors: Frias Filho Otavio
Published: May 2018

This text focuses on pointing out some aspects of the debate on fake news which, according to the author, have remained poorly discussed or not well clarified. It does not aim much, as we will not try to come up with solutions here, but at the same time it aims a lot, as it seeks to look through all that has been discussed about it in order to organize it better.
A pós-verdade é uma notícia falsa
Authors: Genesini Silvio
Published: May 2018

Não há nenhuma novidade na tentativa de falsificação política através da distorção de fatos e informações. O novo é que estamos em uma nova era turbinada pela internet e pelas redes sociais, em que o crescimento é viral e o efeito, exponencialmente explosivo. O novo é o Facebook, o Google e o Twitter, não a tentativa de contar mentiras ou falsificar informações, o que sempre existiu na história do mundo.
Vascular Nox (NADPH Oxidase) Compartmentalization, Protein Hyperoxidation, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Hypertension
Authors: Camargo Livia L. , Harvey Adam P. , Rios Francisco J. , Tsiropoulou Sofia , Da Silva Renée de Nazaré Oliveira , Cao Zhenbo , Graham Delyth , McMaster Claire , Burchmore Richard J. , Hartley Richard C. , Bulleid Neil , Montezano Augusto C. , Touyz Rhian M.
Published: May 2018

Vascular Nox (NADPH oxidase)-derived reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been implicated in hypertension. However, relationships between these processes are unclear. We hypothesized that Nox isoforms localize in a subcellular compartment-specific manner, contributing to oxidative and ER stress, which influence the oxidative proteome and vascular function in hypertension. Nox compartmentalization (cell fractionation), O
2
−
(lucigenin), H
2
O
2
(amplex red), reversible protein oxidation (sulfenylation), irreversible protein oxidation (protein tyrosine phosphatase, peroxiredoxin oxidation), and ER stress (PERK [protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase], IRE1α [inositol-requiring enzyme 1], and phosphorylation/oxidation) were studied in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMC proliferation was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and vascular reactivity assessed in stroke-prone SHR arteries by myography. Noxs were downregulated by short interfering RNA and pharmacologically. In SHR, Noxs were localized in specific subcellular regions: Nox1 in plasma membrane and Nox4 in ER. In SHR, oxidative stress was associated with increased protein sulfenylation and hyperoxidation of protein tyrosine phosphatases and peroxiredoxins. Inhibition of Nox1 (NoxA1ds), Nox1/4 (GKT137831), and ER stress (4-phenylbutyric acid/tauroursodeoxycholic acid) normalized SHR vascular reactive oxygen species generation. GKT137831 reduced IRE1α sulfenylation and XBP1 (X-box binding protein 1) splicing in SHR. Increased VSMC proliferation in SHR was normalized by GKT137831, 4-phenylbutyric acid, and STF083010 (IRE1–XBP1 disruptor). Hypercontractility in the stroke-prone SHR was attenuated by 4-phenylbutyric acid. We demonstrate that protein hyperoxidation in hypertension is associated with oxidative and ER stress through upregulation of plasmalemmal-Nox1 and ER-Nox4. The IRE1–XBP1 pathway of the ER stress response is regulated by Nox4/reactive oxygen species and plays a role in the hyperproliferative VSMC phenotype in SHR. Our study highlights the importance of Nox subcellular compartmentalization and interplay between cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species and ER stress response, which contribute to the VSMC oxidative proteome and vascular dysfunction in hypertension.
Activin A and Late Postpartum Cardiac Dysfunction Among Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Shahul Sajid , Ramadan Hadi , Nizamuddin Junaid , Mueller Ariel , Patel Vijal , Dreixler John , Tung Avery , Lang Roberto M. , Weinert Lynn , Nasim Rabab , Chinthala Sireesha , Rana Sarosh
Published: May 2018

Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy have an increased risk of subsequent heart failure and cardiovascular disease when compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. Although the mechanisms underlying these findings are unclear, elevated levels of the biomarker activin A are associated with myocardial dysfunction and may have predictive value. We hypothesized that elevated levels of antepartum activin A levels would correlate with postpartum cardiac dysfunction in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We prospectively studied 85 women to determine whether increased antepartum activin A levels were associated with cardiac dysfunction at 1 year postpartum as measured by global longitudinal strain. Thirty-two patients were diagnosed with preeclampsia, 28 were diagnosed with gestational or chronic hypertension, and the remainder were nonhypertensive controls. Activin A levels were measured with ELISA both in the third antepartum trimester and at 1 year postpartum. Comprehensive echocardiograms including measurement of global longitudinal strain were also performed at enrollment and at 1 year postpartum. Antepartum activin A levels correlated with worsening antepartum global longitudinal strain (
r
=0.70;
P
=0.0001). Across the entire cohort, elevated antepartum activin A levels were associated with the development of abnormal global longitudinal strain at 1 year (C statistic 0.74;
P
=0.004). This association remained significant after multivariable adjustment for clinically relevant confounders (C statistic 0.93;
P
=0.01). Postpartum activin A levels also correlated with increasing left ventricular mass index (
P
=0.02), increasing mean arterial pressures (
P
=0.02), and decreasing E′ values (
P
=0.01). Activin A may be a useful tool for identifying and monitoring patients at risk for postpartum development of cardiovascular disease.
Dynamic Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients With Alzheimer Disease
Authors: de Heus Rianne A.A. , de Jong Daan L.K. , Sanders Marit L. , van Spijker Gerrita J. , Oudegeest-Sander Madelijn H. , Hopman Maria T. , Lawlor Brian A. , Olde Rikkert Marcel G.M. , Claassen Jurgen A.H.R.
Published: May 2018

Cerebral autoregulation and baroreflex sensitivity are key mechanisms that maintain cerebral blood flow. This study assessed whether these control mechanisms are affected in patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer disease, as this would increase the risks of antihypertensive treatment. We studied 53 patients with dementia (73.1 years [95% confidence interval (CI), 71.4–74.8]), 37 patients with mild cognitive impairment (69.2 years [95% CI, 66.4–72.0]), and 47 controls (69.4 years [95% CI, 68.3–70.5]). Beat-to-beat blood pressure (photoplethysmography), heart rate, and cerebral blood flow velocity (transcranial Doppler) were measured during 5-minute rest (sitting) and 5 minutes of orthostatic challenges, using repeated sit-to-stand maneuvers. Cerebral autoregulation was assessed using transfer function analysis and the autoregulatory index. Baroreflex sensitivity was estimated with transfer function analysis and by calculating the heart rate response to blood pressure changes during the orthostatic challenges. Dementia patients had the lowest cerebral blood flow velocity (
P
=0.004). During rest, neither transfer function analysis nor the autoregulatory index indicated impairments in cerebral autoregulation. During the orthostatic challenges, higher autoregulatory index (
P
=0.011) and lower transfer function gain (
P
=0.017), indicating better cerebral autoregulation, were found in dementia (4.56 arb. unit [95% CI, 4.14–4.97]; 0.59 cm/s per mm Hg [95% CI, 0.51–0.66]) and mild cognitive impairment (4.59 arb. unit [95% CI, 4.04–5.13]; 0.51 cm/s per mm Hg [95% CI, 0.44–0.59]) compared with controls (3.71 arb. unit [95% CI, 3.35–4.07]; 0.67 cm/s per mm Hg [95% CI, 0.59–0.74]). Baroreflex sensitivity measures did not differ between groups. In conclusion, the key mechanisms to control blood pressure and cerebral blood flow are not reduced in 2 stages of Alzheimer disease compared with controls, both in rest and during orthostatic changes that reflect daily life challenges.
Endothelial Cell Tetrahydrobiopterin Modulates Sensitivity to Ang (Angiotensin) II–Induced Vascular Remodeling, Blood Pressure, and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Chuaiphichai Surawee , Rashbrook Victoria S. , Hale Ashley B. , Trelfa Lucy , Patel Jyoti , McNeill Eileen , Lygate Craig A. , Channon Keith M. , Douglas Gillian
Published: May 2018

GTPCH (GTP cyclohydrolase 1, encoded by
Gch1
) is required for the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin; a critical regulator of endothelial NO synthase function. We have previously shown that mice with selective loss of
Gch1
in endothelial cells have mild vascular dysfunction, but the consequences of endothelial cell tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in vascular disease pathogenesis are unknown. We investigated the pathological consequence of Ang (angiotensin) II infusion in endothelial cell
Gch1
deficient (
Gch1

fl/fl

Tie2cre) mice. Ang II (0.4 mg/kg per day, delivered by osmotic minipump) caused a significant decrease in circulating tetrahydrobiopterin levels in
Gch1

fl/fl

Tie2cre mice and a significant increase in the Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester inhabitable production of H
2
O
2
in the aorta. Chronic treatment with this subpressor dose of Ang II resulted in a significant increase in blood pressure only in
Gch1

fl/fl

Tie2cre mice. This finding was mirrored with acute administration of Ang II, where increased sensitivity to Ang II was observed at both pressor and subpressor doses. Chronic Ang II infusion in
Gch1

fl/fl

Tie2ce mice resulted in vascular dysfunction in resistance mesenteric arteries with an enhanced constrictor and decreased dilator response and medial hypertrophy. Altered vascular remodeling was also observed in the aorta with an increase in the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in
Gch1

fl/fl

Tie2ce mice. These findings indicate a specific requirement for endothelial cell tetrahydrobiopterin in modulating the hemodynamic and structural changes induced by Ang II, through modulation of blood pressure, structural changes in resistance vessels, and aneurysm formation in the aorta.
Impact of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound on Logistics and Outcomes in Stroke Thrombolysis
Authors: Mazya Michael V. , Ahmed Niaz , Azevedo Elsa , Davalos Antoni , Dorado Laura , Karlinski Michal , Lorenzano Svetlana , Neumann Jiří , Toni Danilo , Moreira Tiago P. ,   on behalf of the SITS Investigators
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—

Diagnostic transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) is commonly used in patients with acute stroke before or during treatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We aimed to assess how much TCD delays IVT initiation and whether TCD influences outcomes.

Methods—

We analyzed data from the SITS-ISTR (Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke–International Stroke Thrombolysis Register) collected from December 2002 to December 2011. Outcomes were door-to-needle time, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, functional outcome per the modified Rankin Scale, and mortality at 3 months.

Results—

In hospitals performing any TCD pre-IVT, 1701 of 11 265 patients (15%) had TCD before IVT initiation. Door-to-needle time was higher in patients with pre-IVT TCD (74 versus 60 minutes;
P
<0.001). At hospitals performing any TCD during IVT infusion, of 9044 patients with IVT, 747 were examined with TCD during IVT. No treatment delay was seen with TCD during IVT. After multivariate adjustment, TCD during IVT was independently associated with modestly increased excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 0–1; adjusted odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.55;
P
=0.012) and lower mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.95;
P
=0.022).

Conclusions—

We recommend that TCD, if performed, should be done during IVT infusion, to avoid treatment delay. The association of hyperacute TCD with beneficial outcomes suggests potential impact on patient management, which warrants further study.
Legal Implications: Cameron Rowland's Rental Contract
Authors: Stone Eric Golo
Published: May 2018

This essay examines Cameron Rowland's use of a rental contract to govern the transfer of his artistic work. In asserting that possession of his work will be temporally finite, Rowland draws upon legal scholarship into slavery and colonization as legacies of “propertized” human life and dispossession to recognize how, through the social and legal order, individuals today expect, rely on, and protect historical forms of domination within normalized relations and conditions of exchange of property. Rowland's contract presents new challenges to predominant relations of exchange, capital accumulation, ownership, and racialized dispossession that rely on property law, as well as to prescribed notions of cultural competency and artistic experimentation. This essay tracks Rowland's critical project from the political imperatives and early research questions that motivated his conceptualization of the rental contract, through its use in different exhibition contexts, culminating in the story of how the evolving terms of Rowland's contract steered the Museum of Modern Art in New York's rental of his artistic work. Through an analysis of how the contract was negotiated between the artist, MoMA staff, the museum's acquisitions committee, and legal counsel, this essay reflects on why the agreement represents a significant precedent that complicates established parameters for the ownership of art as legal property.
British Quakers and Religious Language
Authors: Grant Rhiannon
Published: May 2018

InBritish Quakers and Religious Language, Rhiannon Grant explores the ways in which this community discusses the Divine. She identifies characteristic patterns of language use and, through a detailed analysis of examples from published sources, uncovers the philosophical and theological claims which support these patterns. These claims are not always explicit within the Quaker community, which does not have written creeds. Instead, implicit claims are often being made with community functions in mind. These can include a desire to balance potentially conflicting needs, such as the wish to have a single unified community that simultaneously welcomes diversity of belief. Having examined these factors, Grant connects the claims made to wider developments in the disciplines of theology, philosophy of religion, and religious studies, especially to the increase in multiple religious belonging, the work of nonrealist theologians such as Don Cupitt, and pluralist philosophers of religion such as John Hick.
New synonyms, lectotypifications and taxonomical notes on the genus Flemingia (Phaseoleae, Papilionoideae, Leguminosae) from Thai-Indochinese floristic region
Authors: DO TRUONG VAN , XU BO , GAO XIN-FEN
Published: May 2018

We here proposed Flemingia cavaleriei, F. wangkae, and F. sarmentosa, are new synonyms of F. fluminalis, F. kerrii, and F. paniculata, respectively, based on taxonomic literature, type specimens, protologue and recent observation. Additionally, the lectotype of F. cavaleriei and F. sootepensis are designated, and the taxonomical notes and nomenclature of F. fluminalis are also discussed.
Typification of names in Camellia (Theaceae), II
Authors: ZHAO DONGWEI , PARNELL JOHN A.N. , HODKINSON TREVOR R.
Published: May 2018

Following our previous work of typifying names of Camellia Linnaeus (1753: 698) (Zhao et al. 2017), three more names of this genus are lectotypified here.
New records of aturid water mites from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia; Aturidae), with the description of fifteen new species
Authors: SMIT HARRY
Published: May 2018

The following fifteen new species are described of the water mite family Aturidae from Australia: Austraturus cavatus n. sp., A. denticulatus n. sp., A. dilatipalpis n. sp., A. extendens n. sp., A. sagittalis n. sp., A. triprojectus n. sp., A. villosus n. sp. and Axonopsella bipartita n. sp., A. carnarvon n. sp., A. curtiseta n. sp., A. elongata n. sp., A. kakadu n. sp., A. magniseta n. sp., A. purpurea n. sp. and A. rosea n. sp.. New records are given for Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales, Northern Territory and Western Australia. New distributional records are provided for many species.
New species of the genus Microtendipes Kieffer, 1915 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Buryatia (Russia)
Authors: OREL OKSANA V. , BAZOVA NATALIA V.
Published: May 2018

Microtendipes langtoni Orel sp.n. from the Gusinoye Lake (Buryatia) is described and figured based on the morphology of the imago males, pupae and larvae.
A new species of Trichoscelia Westwood (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) from northern South America
Authors: MACHADO RENATO JOSE PIRES
Published: May 2018

A new species of Trichoscelia Westwood (Mantispidae: Symphrasinae) is described herein, T. geraldoi n. sp. This is the 16th species classified within the genus and presents a quite unusual body color pattern for the group. A key for the South American species of Trichoscelia and a checklist of the Symphrasinae species are presented.
Three new species of the Neotropical genus Phyllotingis (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae)
Authors: HEISS ERNST
Published: May 2018

Three new species of Phyllotingis Walker, 1873 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae), Ph. tortugueria sp. nov. and Ph. costaricana sp. nov.from Costa Rica (representing a new generic record for the country), and Ph. moraguesi sp.nov. from French Guyana are described and illustrated. A key to all species of Phyllotingis is presented.