bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El diámetro del tronco (DAP) y la especie forófita: factores claves que marcan la composición de helechos película (Hymenophyllum, Hymenophyllaceae) en un fragmento de bosque templado de Chile.
Authors: Pincheira-Ulbrich Jimmy
Published: December 2024

Background and aims: Filmy ferns (Hymenophyllum) are notable for their reliance on moist microsites for survival, though the determinants of their assemblage in the habitat remain partially undefined. The aim of this study was to investigate how five habitat variables – stem orientation (N-S-E-W), forophyte species, presence of climbers, diameter at breast height (DBH) and canopy cover – affect the composition of film fern communities in a temperate forest fragment.
M&M: 120 trees were sampled along a transect through the centre of the forest, assessing the presence/absence of ferns up to 2.3 m above the stem. Data analysis was performed using PERMANOVA with 10,000 permutations followed by multiple comparisons to detect differences in fern composition between forophyte species.
Results: A significant influence of both tree DBH (pseudo-F = 21.617; p < 0.001) and forophyte species identity (pseudo-F = 4.123; p < 0.001) was detected. Multiple comparisons revealed significant differences (pseudo-T, p < 0.05) in fern assemblages associated with forophyte species groups.
Conclusions: The results indicate that certain physical and biotic characteristics of the forophyte are crucial for the structuring of film fern communities, other environmental factors initially considered may not be as important or their effect may be masked by homogeneity of sampling conditions, insufficient sample size or effect of anthropogenic disturbances.
Revisores
Authors: SAB Boletin
Published: December 2024

Reviewers vol 59(4) diciembre 24
Elaboration of process diagram for coal blend drying using waste gases
Authors: Kravchenko S.A. , Fomina V.М. , Chaplianko S.V.
Published: December 2024

There were considered a processes and a technological scheme was developed for drying coal blend up to 5,5 % moisture content with the help of drum dryers using the heat of coke oven gas combustion products with the addition of waste gases from the chimney flue of the coke battery according to the following main initial requirements: coke oven battery capacity makes up 930000 tpy of dry gross coke; coal blend coarseness from 75 to 80 % of 0-3 mm grade; coal blend density – 1400 kg/m3, bulk weight – 700 kg/m3. Considering the need of drying department in coal blend with an average moisture content of 10,5 % (214078 kg/h), it is planned to install two working lines for drying the coal blend (two modules of 107039 kg/h each) and one reserve (one module). To determine the equipment for one work line, there were calculated the material and heat balance. Conversation of the waste gases consumption of the coke battery chimney flue into thermal energy proved the efficiency of their use: the reduction of coke gas consumption is 43,56 % (the estimated consumption of coke gas for drying without the use of combustion gases is 1290 m³/h, with the use of 728 m³/h). Mixing of combustion gases from the combustion unit of the drying drum and gases from the chimney flue of the coke battery is provided in the mixing chamber (before the drum). In this process, the flow of combustion gases is controlled: increasing the volume of gas supply from the chimney flue while simultaneously reducing the volume of gas supply from the combustion unit. It is also envisaged to introduce an automated system for technological processes control, which includes: collection and initial processing of input information; providing information to operational personnel about the course of the technological process; diagnostics of the main equipment of the system; increasing the reliability of the main equipment; optimization of system equipment operation mode; remote control of technological equipment in automatic and manual mode. The economic efficiency of the coal blend drying process according to the developed scheme has been proven: the payback period, calculated based on the annual economic effect, is 2,9 years. Keywords: coking, coal blend, moisture, drying, heat treatment, heat carrier, exhaust gas, exhaust steam, dryer. Corresponding author S.V. Chaplianko, e-mail: chaplianko_sv@ukr.net
POTENSI DAN DAMPAK EKONOMI DARI EKSTENSIFIKASI CUKAI BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK
Authors: Purwanto Didik , Setyawan Budhi
Published: December 2024

Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) merupakan bahan bakar tidak terbarukan yang penggunaannya telah menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat. Seiring berjalannya waktu, cadangan BBM di dunia juga semakin berkurang akibat terus-menerus diambil dari alam. Pemerintah perlu untuk menerapkan kebijakan yang dapat mengendalikan konsumsi BBM demi mengurangi dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan BBM sekaligus menjaga cadangan minyak yang tersedia di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi dan dampak ekonomi dari penerapan cukai pada BBM di Indonesia. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan dengan membandingkan penerapan cukai BBM di negara lain dan kriteria objek cukai sedangkan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan metode Input-Output untuk mengukur dampak ekonomi dari penerapan cukai BBM terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan cukai pada BBM memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan penerimaan negara dan mengurangi konsumsi BBM. Dampak ekonomi yang dihasilkan meliputi penurunan permintaan akhir BBM, peningkatan harga BBM, dan pengurangan emisi polutan. Selain itu, penerapan cukai BBM juga berdampak pada peningkatan nilai tambah bruto, kompensasi tenaga kerja, dan surplus usaha.
The Nexus of Knowledge Management and Partnership Network in Nurturing the Business Continuity of Agro-Industry
Authors: Hermawan Iwan , Hindrawati Gita , Herlambang Yusuf Dewantoro , Inayah Inayah , Rahmawati Lusiana
Published: December 2024

This study aims to find the best model for coffee agribusiness development in Indonesia that acquires the construct of knowledge management. Knowledge Management helps businesses effectively collect, store, and use relevant information. The effectiveness of such information management is becoming increasingly important despite complex challenges such as intense competition and changing economic conditions. The main problem is that contradictions result in the relevance relevance between Knowledge Management and Business Continuity. From these problems, this research offers the Partnership Network as a mediating variable. This study aims to empirically examine the effect of knowledge management on business continuity. This research offers the Partnership Network variable as a mediator from the perspective of Resource-Based View Theory and Knowledge-Based View Theory. This study employs a quantitative approach with a positivism paradigm. The number of samples in this study was 179 with data testing using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the SmartPLS analysis tool. This study found the effect of Partnership Network (PN) mediating variables that bridged Knowledge Management (KM) to Business Continuity (BC), namely Internalization (IN) to Business Continuity (BC), by 0.130. The perspective of this study uses the Resource Based View Theory and Knowledge-Based View Theory. Coffee farm owners need to join a trusted certified community to receive active knowledge transfer. The knowledge gained from training must be immediately applied to managing coffee farm challenges, such as lack of fertilizer and changing soil characteristics.
Hypolipidemic and Adipose-reducing Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ziziphus Talanai (Blanco) Merr. in Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Obese Female Albino Rats
Authors: Samson Maria Anabelle A. , David Lourdes Fatima S. , Nolasco Glen S. , Dicuangco John Dave , Arcilla Marilyn S.
Published: December 2024

Obesity is a global health-related risk factor associated with metabolic disorders characterized by excessive fat accumulation and high lipid serum profile. One major factor contributing to obesity is the chronic consumption of monosodium glutamate (MSG). Generally, this study aimed to evaluate the hypolipidemic and anti-adipogenic effects of Ziziphus talanai ethanolic leaf extract (ZTELE) in MSG-induced obesity in female albino rats. A total of twelve (12) female albino rats were used in the study and divided into four treatment groups: T (distilled water), T+ (simvastatin), T1 (400 mg/kg ZTELE), and T2 (800 mg/kg ZTELE). Before treatment, rats were fed a high-fat diet and MSG for 1 month to induce obesity. Significant reductions in body weight, intrascapular and visceral fats, and selected lipid serum profiles (total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins) were observed in the ZTELE-treated groups (T1 and T2), with comparable results to those of simvastatin-treated (T+). Phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, influence metabolic pathways by their antioxidative potential, inhibition of lipid synthesis, and regulation of fat cell differentiation. In conclusion, ZTELE is a promising natural therapeutic agent for managing obesity by regulating fat accumulation and lipid metabolism.
U-MATE : Student And Lecturer Location-Based Social Network Aplication
Authors: Tombeng Marchel Thimoty , Mandias Green F.
Published: December 2024

Students are individuals who pursue higher educcation, have an important role as agents of change and future leaders in various sectors. They are required to actively learn, participate in academic and social activities, and develop critical and innovative thinking. Interactions between students, both with peers and lecturers, play a crucial role in shaping the learning experience on campus. Student interactions with lecturers also have an impact on learning motivation and the lecture experience. The importance of these interactions prompted the researcher to design an application specifically for the campus environment. The app features chat, add friend, and find mate to expand students' social interactions. The find mate feature allows students to find friends randomly, while the maps feature makes it easier for them to find the location of their lecturers and friends in real-time. By integrating the concept of Location-Based Social Network (LBSN), this application is expected to reduce the level of academic stress and improve the quality of interaction among students and with lecturers. Through this application, students can more easily find friends and lecturers, and share locations in real-time. The questionnaire results from Klabat University students showed the need for this kind of application
Pengembangan Aplikasi Kiosk Informasi Dan Navigasi Digital Untuk Universitas Klabat Berbasis Progressive Web Apps
Authors: Adam Stenly Ibrahim , Lontaan Rolly Junius , Supit Vincent Vian , Kolibonso Shyalenn Cerolin
Published: December 2024

Aplikasi Kiosk Informasi dan Navigasi Digital menjadi solusi bagi masyarakat universitas baik mahasiswa, dosen maupun tamu untuk mendapat informasi terkini dan informasi navigasi lokasi – lokasi yang ada di lingkungan universitas. Aplikasi ini memberikan kemampuan untuk mengakses informasi dari universitas dan memberikan kemudahan untuk mencari lokasi – lokasi tertentu di lingkungan universitas, baik itu gedung perkuliahan atau rumah tinggal dosen. Pada penelitian ini peneliti akan menggunakan metode Agile Software Development, metode Agile Software Development ini memungkinkan pengembangan yang cepat serta iteratif, ini memungkinkan peneliti dapat melakukan penyesuaian terhadap kebutuhan pengguna dengan mudah. Aplikasi ini menyajikan informasi terkait universitas, rektorat, kemahasiswaan, dan fakultas, fitur pencarian lokasi, informasi lokasi dan titik – titik dari tiap lokasi yang ada di lingkungan universitas. Aplikasi yang dibuat hanya dapat diakses dan berjalan pada browser. Pihak universitas akan menjadi lebih cepat untuk menyebarkan informasi seputar universitas. Dengan Aplikasi Kiosk ini, mencari informasi tentang universitas dan melakukan navigasi di lingkungan universitas akan lebih cepat dan efisien.
Improving Network Security: An Intelligent IDS with RNN-LSTM and Grey Wolf Optimization
Authors: Ali Murtadha
Published: December 2024

While this dependence on interconnected computer networks and the web requires robust cybersecurity. Cyber threats have been met with solutions like Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). IDS are commonly rule-based, and very often use either signature-based or heuristic approaches to detect intrusions. Therefore, for such we recommend an IDS that merges the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm and Recurrent Neural Networks with Long Short-Term Memory (RNN-LSTM). RNN-LSTM to Handle Dynamic Network data, but not provided enough complain details in model training. Based on the behavior of grey wolf, an optimization technique GWO is implemented for intrusion detection to enhance accuracy and minimize false alarm in RNN-LSTM. Preprocess and segment network data with creating RNN-LSTM model for considering the dependence of our dataset Our approach improves the IDS performance by optimizing hyperparameters such as hidden layers, units, learning rates using GWO. The architecture of this RNN-LSTM with GWO IDS provides capable and responsive intrusion detection, training on previous data to be able to detect new threats. Made for network security by combining deep learning and optimization, tests reached 99.5% accurate.
The research advances IDSs, addressing the limitations of traditional systems, and underscores the potential of AI and optimization in complex network security. This study demonstrates the promise of RNN-LSTM and GWO for creating robust, adaptive intrusion detection systems in intricate network environments.
Afet Dirençli Kent Planlamada Politika Beklentileri: Antalya Kırcami Bölgesi Örneği
Authors: Tırış Gülşah , Erkuş Hilal
Published: December 2024

Afetler hem yapılı çevrede hem de toplumsal ilişkilerde bozulmalara yol açan felaketlerdir. Bu sebeple kentlerin hem doğal hem de beşerî süreçlerin risklerini karşılayabilecek niteliğe sahip olması ya da bu riskleri karşılayabilecek biçimde yapılanması gerekmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’deki afet yönetim politikaları incelenerek, bu politikaların yerel yönetimlerdeki yansıması Antalya ili Kırcami bölgesi özelinde ele alınmıştır. Kırcami Bölgesi, 40 yıldır yapılaşma tartışmalarıyla birlikte, kent merkezinin ortasında kalan ve yapılaşma baskısı altında olan bir bölgedir. Çalışmanın amacı, böyle özel bir bölgede, 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Türkiye'de meydana gelen depremler bölgede hissedilmiş olup,deprem felaketinden sonra afetlere ilişkin beklentilerin, yereldeki farklı aktörler tarafından nasıl şekillendiğini belirleyip, afet dirençli katılımcı bir plan oluşturmak için nelerin yapılması gerektiğini tartışmaktır. Bu kapsamda derinlemesine görüşmelerden oluşan nitel araştırma tasarımı ile kurgulanan çalışmada elde edilen veriler yorumsamacı analiz üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yerelde farklı aktörlerin afete ilişkin beklentilerinin arttığı saptanmış olup, gelecekte meydana gelebilecek afet riskleri karşısında farklı aktörlerin, afete dirençli bir kentsel değişim ve dönüşüm istedikleri, afetlere yönelik olarak daha katılımcı ve yerelden ölçeklenen kentsel politikalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu belirlenmiştir.
Kentsel Dönüşüm Projelerinde Finansman Yaklaşımları: Değer Artışının Kamuya Aktarılması
Authors: Yılmaz Muhammed Said , Tanrıvermiş Harun
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, bireysel ve toplumsal değişimin mekana yansımasının kentsel mekanın dönüşümünü gerektirdiği gerçeğinden hareketle, kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin finansman sorunlarının çözümüne odaklanmaktadır. Bu çerçevede kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin finansmanı için Değer Artışının Kamuya Aktarılması (Land Value Capture - LVC) politikalarının rolünü incelemektedir. Kentsel dönüşüm, ekonomik, sosyal, çevresel ve mekansal boyutlarıyla karmaşık bir süreç olarak ele alınmakta ve finansal sürdürülebilirlik sağlanmadığı durumlarda etkinliği sınırlı kalmaktadır. LVC politikaları, kamu müdahaleleri sonucu gayrimenkul değerinde meydana gelen artışların toplumsal faydaya dönüştürülmesini amaçlayan bir mekanizma olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada, Brezilya'daki Porto Maravilha projesi bir örnek olay olarak analiz edilmekte ve bu deneyimden yola çıkarak Türkiye bağlamında LVC politikalarının uygulanabilirliği değerlendirilmektedir. Porto Maravilha örneğinde, yapılaşma hakkı sertifikaları gibi yenilikçi finansman araçları, ekonomik sürdürülebilirliği desteklerken toplumsal faydanın da arttırılabileceğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, Türkiye'de parçalı mülkiyet yapısı, gönüllü katılım eksikliği ve kamu kaynaklarının yetersizliği gibi faktörlerin LVC politikalarının uygulanabilirliğini sınırladığı görülmektedir. Çalışma, LVC politikalarının etkinliği için ekonomik sürdürülebilirliğin yanı sıra mekansal adalet ve sosyal eşitlik ilkelerine de odaklanılması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Değer artış payı uygulamasının kentsel dönüşüm projelerini kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmesi, Türkiye'deki projelerin maliyetlerini azaltırken sosyal etkilerini artırabilecek potansiyele sahiptir. Ayrıca, sosyal düzenlemeler ve düşük gelirli grupların konut ve altyapı erişimini destekleyen politikaların, projelerin toplumsal kabulünü artırabileceği değerlendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, LVC politikalarının kentsel dönüşüm projelerinde uygulanabilirliğini artırmak için politika önerileri sunarak hem teorik hem de pratik katkılar sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Büyük Ölçekli Projelerin Gayrimenkul Piyasalarına Etkileri: İstanbul Finans Merkezi (İFM) Projesi Örneği
Authors: Baş Cemal , Tanrıvermiş Harun
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma İstanbul Finans Merkezi’nin (İFM), Ümraniye ve Ataşehir ilçeleri gayrimenkul piyasası üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektedir. Araştırmanın amacı, iki ilçenin gayrimenkul değerlerindeki değişimleri ve sosyo-ekonomik faktörleri değerlendirmektir. 2018-2024 yıllarını kapsayan veri seti, konut ve ticari gayrimenkullerin kira ve satış fiyatlarındaki dalgalanmalar ile mahallelerin eğitim seviyelerine odaklanmıştır. Sonuçlar, konut ve ticari gayrimenkullerde kiranın önemli ölçüde arttığını, ancak satış fiyatlarındaki artışın sınırlı düzeyde kaldığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, sosyo-ekonomik seviyesi daha yüksek olan mahallelerde gayrimenkul değerlerinin daha belirgin bir şekilde arttığı ve bu artışın sosyo-ekonomik seviye ile doğru orantılı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma, İFM gibi büyük ölçekli projelerin çevresindeki gayrimenkul piyasasını etkilediğini, ancak uzun vadeli etkilerin altyapıya ve sosyal hizmetlere yapılan yatırımlara bağlı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Politika üreticilere, ekonomik faydaların daha adil bir şekilde dağıtılması için bağlantıların güçlendirilmesi ve sosyal altyapının iyileştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Zonguldak’ta Yalnız Yaşayan Yaşlı Kadınların Pandemi Deneyimleri: Yapısal Yaşlı Yalnızlığının Covid-19’la Katmerlenmesi
Authors: Sönmez Öğütle Funda
Published: December 2024

TÜBİTAK ARDEB 1001 Programı kapsamında desteklenen 120K494 No’lu “Yaşlılıkta Baş Etme Stratejileri: Covid-19 Sürecinde Yalnız Kadınlık Deneyimleri” projesi, çok mevkili saha araştırması yöntemiyle Gaziantep, Muğla ve Zonguldak illerinde 65 yaş ve üzeri toplam 45 yalnız yaşayan kadınla derinlemesine görüşmeler yaparak, Covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde yaşadıkları deneyimleri analiz etmeyi amaçlamıştır. Araştırmanın Zonguldak ayağına odaklanan bu makalede, Ağustos-Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında 15 katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilen derinlemesine görüşmelerin sonuçları ele alınmıştır. Araştırma, yalnızlık olgusuna dair kapsamlı bir bakış sunarak, katılımcıların ekonomik, kültürel ve sosyal sermaye bakımından toplumsal uzayın farklı konumlarını işgal eden, yaş, sağlık durumu, sosyal ilişkiler ve destek mekanizmaları farklılaşan yalnız yaşayan yaşlı kadınların Covid-19 deneyimlerini ve bu süreçle başa çıkma stratejilerini incelemiştir. Çalışmanın özgün değeri, yalnızlığın yaşlı kadınlar tarafından farklı şekillerde deneyimlendiğini ve bu deneyimlerin yaş, sınıf, toplumsal cinsiyet gibi yapısal faktörler tarafından şekillendirildiğini vurgulamasında yatmaktadır. Kesişimsel bakış açısı, bu farklılaşan deneyimleri anlamada önemli bir araç olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, Covid-19 sürecinde korkunun bir sembolik şiddet biçimi olarak içselleştirildiğini ve sosyal izolasyon ve yalnızlığın pandemi sürecinde katmerlenerek yapayalnızlaşmaya evrildiğini ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma, bu bağlamda karşılaşılan sorunlara yönelik sosyal politika önerileri geliştirmeyi hedeflemiştir. Bu öneriler, yaşlı kadınların pandemi sürecinde karşılaştıkları zorlukları hafifletmeye yönelik stratejiler geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
O Trabalho nos Mares
Authors: Moreira Ana Zenilce , Batista dos Santos Ana Cristina
Published: December 2024

O estudo investiga as vivências de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho de pescadores artesanais na perspectiva da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho (PDT). Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com coleta de dados por meio de treze entrevistas semiestruturadas com pescadores artesanais que atuam no litoral de um estado do Nordeste do Brasil. Os treze sujeitos foram definidos por método de conveniência, desde que atendessem ao critério de serem trabalhadores do mar. Os dados foram tratados por meio da Análise dos Núcleos de Sentido (a ANS). Os resultados revelaram que as principais fontes de prazer no trabalho dos pescadores artesanais surgem da identificação com o trabalho, da realização e da coletividade. Os principais sofrimentos enfrentados por eles, no trabalho, são oriundos de um grupo de fatores de risco, da falta de reconhecimento e da ausência de medidas organizacionais e políticas públicas. Por fim, a relação com o mar é fonte tanto de prazer como de sofrimento. Contribui-se com uma nova visão acerca das vivências de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho de uma categoria profissional historicamente estigmatizada e esquecida pelo poder público e pela sociedade, alertando quanto à necessidade de reforçar a segurança no trabalho desses indivíduos e a urgência de políticas públicas que os assegurem reconhecimento e valorização profissional.
Optimal Inference of Asynchronous Boolean Network Models
Authors: Karlebach Guy
Published: December 2024

Associations between phenotype and genomic and epigenomic markers are often derived by correlation. Systems Biology aims to make more robust connections and uncover broader insights by modeling the cellular mechanisms that produce a phenotype. The question of choosing the modeling methodology is of central importance. A model that does not capture biological reality closely enough will not explain the system's behavior. At the same time, highly detailed models suffer from computational limitations and are likely to overfit the data. Boolean networks strike a balance between complexity and descriptiveness and thus have received increasing interest. We previously described an algorithm for fitting Boolean networks to high-throughout experimental data that finds the optimal network with respect to the information in a given dataset. In this work, we describe a simple extension that enables the modeling of asynchronous dynamics, i.e. different reaction times for different network nodes. Our approach greatly simplifies the construction of Boolean network models for time-series datasets, where asynchronicty often occurs. We demonstrate our methodology by integrating real data from three datasets, and provide an implementation that can be used by the community for network reconstruction using any high-throughout dataset. Our approach significantly expands the applicability of the Boolean network model to experimental data.
Love Doesn’t Run Out: Children and Adults Do Not View Social Resources as Inherently Zero-Sum
Authors: Wei Kevin , Yang Fan
Published: December 2024

It is not uncommon to witness individuals competing for social resources such as affection and status. Does this mean that people view social resources as inherently zero-sum—where gains for one person result in losses for another? Two preregistered studies found that US adults and 4-9-year-old US children did not view nonrival social resources (love and trust) or rival social resources (popularity and leadership) as zero-sum, both less zero-sum than material resources like stickers. Importantly, zero-sum thinking was not determined by the inherent properties of the resources but was influenced by renewability: Perceived renewability of resources predicted lower levels of zero-sum beliefs, and both social and material resources were perceived as less zero-sum when presented as renewable compared to nonrenewable. These findings shed light on the nature and origins of zero-sum beliefs, highlighting renewability as a key mechanism and a potential intervention for reducing competition and promoting cooperation.
Revisiting the Searchlight Hypothesis
Authors: Sanford Eric Michael
Published: December 2024

Given the finite computational power of the brain, it must prioritize the most urgent information from its affective inputs. Using a systems biology approach, I propose that the reticular nucleus of the thalamus performs the function of a variable-threshold gate for all parallel streams of primary affective information, which allows the conscious mind to perform work on only the most urgent threats to survival at any given time. The threshold of such a thalamic gate would be dynamic, would correlate positively with a person’s overall level of stress, and would provide an unconscious, automatic mechanism for the resolution of intrapsychic conflicts. This suggests that the primary aim of development is not to learn how to resolve intrapsychic conflicts, but rather to learn a diverse set of strategies that are sufficient to respond to the needs of every primary affective system with a high level of certainty. I also extend ideas formulated in the Solms model to re-organize psychological defenses along a continuum of the mind’s perceived entropy of its most pressing current task. I combine this organization of psychological defenses with the variable-threshold thalamic gate hypothesis (1) to suggest that projective identification is not a singular defense, (2) to simplify the etiology of borderline personality disorder, and (3) to explain the success of psychodynamic psychotherapies that focus on conscious affect.
Why do they not want to go back home? A perspective of African graduates in the United States
Authors: Rukema Joseph Rudigi , Nkoko Mosa
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore and examine why some African graduates decide to remain in the United States after completing their studies, when they stand a good chance to secure better job opportunities when returning to their home countries because of quality education in the US. The experience of African graduates after deciding to remain in the US is also examined in this study. This is a qualitative study using an exploratory approach, through a snowball sampling method. In order to achieve its objectives, interviews were conducted through the use of social media platforms with 15 graduates from Kenya and Nigeria living in the US. The findings have that shown quality education in the US as well as its economic and political stability were the pull factors for graduates to remain in the US after completing their studies. The findings have also shown that while graduates stand a better chance to access good employment opportunities when they return home, they expressed concerns about high levels of nepotism, corruption in the employment process, and lack of infrastructure. Examining the experience of graduates after deciding to remain in the US, loneliness, lack of social support and perceived racism were among some of the experiences of African graduates in the US.
Exploring Gender Construction within Families: A Study of the Socialization of Muslim Girls in Kalaiya, Bara, Nepal
Authors: Raja Amir
Published: December 2024

This paper explores gender socialization using the social construction of gender theory and integrates it with intersectionality theory, focusing on the existing positioning of Tarai Muslim girls. The study internalizes the existing heterogeneity among Muslims of Nepal and focuses on the Tarai Muslims with its research site in Kalaiya, Bara. The qualitative study employs in-depth interviews, key-informant interviews (KIIs), and focus-group discussions (FGDs). By using purposive sampling, participants were selected, and an in-depth interview of 20 parents (10 males and 10 females) was carried out, which was followed by two FGDs: five male parents in the first round of FGD and five female parents in the second round of FGD. This also involved conducting KII with five participants from each group of religious scholars and Muslim girls enrolled in government schools. The research findings suggest that gender socialization results from social factors prevailing within the family, influenced by religious, local, and national contexts. The social norms contributing to gender socialization involve widely held beliefs within the family that perceive the daughter as ijjat of the family and consider them as ‘other house property.’ Similarly, existing practices where females are nurtured to be inherently reliant on males and the beliefs of allocating binary roles to males and females contribute to gender socialization. Moreover, the contradiction of the religious values of Muslims with the local context influenced by the Nepali state is another factor supporting the gender socialization of Muslim girls.
First Principles Study of Undoped and Halogen Doped ZnO Monolayer
Authors: Oli Dipak , Neupane Ravi Kiran , Rijal Om Shree , Shrestha Pitamber , Sharma Shriram , Pradhan Joshi Leela , Parajuli Rajendra
Published: December 2024

This study reports the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of undoped and halogen (F, Cl, and Br) doped ZnO monolayers (3 × 3 × 1) by replacing one Zn-atom. Using spin polarized Density Functional Theory (DFT) in VASP code and a projected augmented wave basis set, we employed GGA-PBE and PBE+U exchange correlation functionals. The band gap of pristine ZnO was measured to be 1.67 eV and 2.61 eV for PBE and PBE+U, respectively, whereas band gap decreased significantly upon addition of halogen atom. Likewise, doped ZnO shows semimetallic behavior, whereas undoped ZnO exhibits semiconducting behaviour. Further, the magnetic moments of about 1 µB for Cl and Br-doped ZnO, and 1.02 µB & 2.98 µB for F-ZnO utilizing PBE and PBE+U functionals, respectively were observed. These findings suggest that halogen-doped ZnO might carry huge potential for next-generation spintronic nanodevices.
Evidence-based Teaching Practices in Physics: An Overview on Authentic Teaching and Learning
Authors: Silwal Umesh , Kafle Rudra
Published: December 2024

Learning is inherently a social process as outlined by the theory of constructivism. Learners construct knowledge via active participation and experience. Meaningful learning requires multiple means of engagement, representation of materials, and assessment. The current challenges in physics teaching-learning are understanding of the learning mechanism, designing of proper instructional materials, and use of student-engagement strategies that help them in long-term retention of the concepts. Pedagogical research shows that the teaching-learning process should be learner-centered where the learners will take ownership of their learning. This paper provides a review of various Research-Based Instructional Strategies (RBIS) designed to enhance physics education through learner-centered and authentic teaching practices. The literature shows that the use of RBIS fosters a more engaging learning environment, students’ deeper understanding of the material, and higher retention rates. This paper also explores the limitations of traditional lecture-based pedagogy and emphasizes the need for active learning approaches. Furthermore, it addresses challenges in implementing RBIS, such as large class sizes, time constraints, instructional resource availability, and so on. Finally, we summarize our effort to disseminate the RBIS within the Nepali physicists’ community.
Comparative Analysis of Different Models within RadEst 3.0 for Solar Radiation Estimation at Dhankutta, Nepal
Authors: Rajbanshi Basanta Kumar , Singh Ram Gopal , KC Bed Raj , Poudel Khem Narayan
Published: December 2024

To develop efficient solar energy technologies, it is essential to understand accurately the distribution of solar radi- ation in each geographical location. This research project estimates total solar radiation reaching a surface daily in Dhankutta (26.983°N, 87.346°E, 1192 m), Nepal by utilizing weather data including temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and measured solar radiation data. Four distinct models (Bristow-Campbell (BC), Campbell-Donatelli (CD), Donatelli-Bellocchi (DB), and Donatelli-Campbell-Bristow-Bellocchi (DCBB)) were employed to estimate global solar radiation (GSR). Root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of residual mass (CRM), mean bias error (MBE), mean percentage error (MPE), and coefficient of determination (R2 ) were among the statistical tools used to assess the effectiveness of models. By minimizing RMSE, and CRM, and maximizing R2 , parameter fitting (PF) is used to calibrate all four models. The annual mean daily GSR for 2021 and 2022 was determined to be 14.5 ± 0.25 MJ/m2/day and 15.7 ± 0.24 MJ/m2/day, respectively, indicating sufficient potential for solar energy generation. The maximum GSR of 37.6 MJ/m2 /day and 26.5 MJ/m2 /day were observed in 2021 and 2022 respectively. Among the four models used to estimate GSR, the CD model showed the highest accuracy with an R2 value of 0.60 so the CD model is considered the most reliable method for predicting GSR levels in this area.
Effects of Disintegration between Agriculture and Livestock Keeping on Transhumance Pastoralism in Gorkha
Authors: Gurung Dil Bahadur
Published: December 2024

Livestock keeping is an important livelihood option in rural households of Nepal. The livestock keeping is also directly associated with the local agriculture. The farmers residing at the lower valley (foothill) of rural hilly villages collect manure from their livestocks and transfer these manure to their farming land to recharge the soil and to increase the agricultural production. In hilly and high altitude areas, the need of manure to the local farmers are also fulfilled by the sheep herding practices (transhumance pastoralism). However, the livestock keeping practices have been declining in the hilly areas due to various reasons through out the years, affecting the agricultural practices and production. Side by side, livestock data of Nepal shows that the sheep count is declining gradually which means the transhumance pastoralism (sheep herding) is also declining. This led to shrink in supply of sheep manure, further mounting challeges to the local farmers and agricultural production. The general objective of the study is to explore the factors behind the disintegration of agricluture and livestock keeping practices in the hilly areas and its association with the shrinking transhumance pastoralsim. The researcher implemented an exploratory research design and conducted in-depth interviews with 12 herders, two ex-herders, one president of the community forest user group, two teachers, and two local citizen. The responses from interviews suggest that emerging market system, labor migration, and community forest programs are the main factors for disintegrating the relationship between livestock keeping and agricultural practices that led to waning of sheep herding practices at the high altitude areas
The Role of Smart Citizens in Building a Smart Bangladesh: Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Hasan Nazmul , Mostafa Md. Golam
Published: December 2024

Bangladesh's government aims to achieve smart country and sustainable city status by 2041 through the vital topic of smart Bangladesh. This study investigated the crucial role of citizens in the journey towards building a smart Bangladesh, with a focus on analyzing factors influencing citizen participation and addressing challenges to realize the Vision of 2041. Applying a quantitative approach based on positivism philosophy, the research adopts an exploratory research design. Close-ended questionnaires are a primary data collection method that are administered through a variety of channels, including email, Google Forms, and social media platforms. The study covered all eight administrative divisions (Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, Barishal, Khulna, Rangpur, Sylhet, and Mymensingh) of Bangladesh, with a total of 250 respondents randomly chosen from the general population. Findings from this study are expected to shed light on the factors influencing active citizen engagement and offer insights into overcoming challenges on the pathway to achieving the bold Vision of 2041 for a Smart Bangladesh.
News Coverage of Child Abuse in Nepal: Comparative Analysis of National and International Medias
Authors: Aryal Kripa
Published: December 2024

This study explores media coverage of child abuse in Nepal by analysing the National and International news articles. The study employs a mixed research approach through news coverage frequency and content analysis. It has extracted 50 English news reports each from national and international news outlets that cover the issue of child abuse over the span of six years (April 2017- April 2023) The content of the news reports was grouped into appropriate fields and analyzed under the several sub-topics such as framing, type of abuse, causes, solutions, perpetrators, geography etc.
This article contributes to media research studies by demonstrating the superficiality of news coverage on child abuse—which have been inadequate because of the journalistic and scholarly emphasis on objectivity—in a non-Western cultural context such as Nepal, which has hitherto received negligible attention in the field of communication. The study revealed that the Nepalese and International media seldom gave coverage to child abuse cases, and when they did, the reporting lacked substantial content. It emphasizes the need for the media to play a proactive role through in-depth analytical news promoting anti-exploitation. Since previous literature has proven the interrelation between media news coverage and action on child abuse, this study recommends more comprehensive coverage to secure public awareness and organizational policies that can promote solutions of the problem.
RESULTS OF ECOPRINT MOTIFS BASED ON DIFFERENCES IN TYPES OF FABRIC, LENGTH OF TIME, TYPES OF MORDANTS, AND TYPES OF NATURAL DYES
Authors: Nida Safwatun , Rosa Fadilla Silvya , Pranata Ivandra Bagus , Sari Shinta Permata , Nugraheni Dian
Published: December 2024

Biodiversity of flora in Indonesia greatly supports the development of textile products, ecoprint is one of the textile products that involves the utilization of this diversity. Various types of plants found in the surrounding environment can be used as dyes for making ecoprints. Ecoprint is a color transfer technique on fabric which in the manufacturing process requires a mordant to bind plant colors to the fabric. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in fabric type, length of time, type of mordant, and type of natural dye on ecoprint color expression. This experiment used the steaming technique in ecoprint to transfer motifs and colors to fabric. In this study, three types of fabric were used, namely: toyobo cotton, mori, and blanco. Variants of steaming time were tested at intervals of 60 minutes, 90 minutes and 120 minutes. Variations in the types of mordant used are vinegar and alum. Meanwhile, the types of natural dyes used are jolawe, soga, and secang. The results of the research show that there are differences in color expression produced by vinegar and alum mordant substances. Alum mordant produces intense color expression and clear form. Leaf motifs can be printed well on toyobo cotton fabric. Variations in steaming time in this study did not produce significant differences in color expression. Meanwhile, each natural dye produces a different color expression.
Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi Pada Proses Rekapitulasi dalam Perspektif Pemilu Transparan di Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Lingga Roma Indah , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Fauzan Indra
Published: December 2024

This research discusses the use of Sirekap as a publication and recapitulation tool in the 2024 Election to support the transparency of election results in Asahan Regency. The research objective is to explain how information technology in recapitulation by the KPU can support transparent elections and analyze the weaknesses of the recapitulation information system for improvement. Using International IDEA's Pyramid of Trust concept, this research is descriptive and qualitative with data collected through interviews, documentation, and observation. Informants consisted of various related parties, a total of 12 informants. Data analysis includes reduction, presentation, condensation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that information technology in recapitulation does not fully support transparent elections in Asahan and needs further evaluation. However, public awareness of the publication of vote results has increased. The use of Sirekap requires improvement in terms of human resources, network/server, data accuracy, and information integrity.
Peran British Council Dalam Kerja Sama Kebudayaan Inggris-Indonesia Melalui Program “Connections Through Culture”
Authors: Raharjo Pramudya , Saraswati Dini Putri
Published: December 2024

This article examines the role of the British Council in facilitating cultural cooperation between the UK and Indonesia through the Connections Through Culture (CTC) program. The primary focus of the research is on how international artistic collaborations serve as a strategic medium for strengthening cross-cultural relations. The analysis reveals that the art projects initiated through CTC not only support the exchange of ideas and knowledge but also play a significant role in promoting the values of equality, diversity, and inclusion. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of cultural diplomacy, particularly in the context of non-state actors fostering global cultural networks. By highlighting how cultural cooperation concepts are applied in the British Council's initiatives, this article offers new insights into the role of non-state actors in building more inclusive and sustainable international relations.
Analisis Disproporsional Beban Kerja Panitia Pemungutan Suara Nagari Air Bangis Menggunakan Studi Integritas
Authors: Afrilla Ade , Irmayani Tengku , Fauzan Indra
Published: December 2024

The working area of PPS Nagari Air Bangis is the same as the PPK Kecamatan Sungai Beremas, with a coverage area of 440.48 Km2, which has an island area and is difficult to access. This phenomenon is caused by the Sungai Beremas Sub-district, which only has 1 (one) village called Nagari, namely Air Bangis. This condition causes the large burden of simultaneous elections to make a disproportionate (excessive) workload for PPS members of Nagari Air Bangis because it has 81 polling stations and 19,252 DPT. Koesomowidjojo's workload theory (2021) and Hart & Staveland (1988) are used to answer these problems. The integrity of its implementation is based on the 11 principles of Election Article 3 of Law 7/2017 concerning Elections. This research uses an exploratory qualitative method. Data and facts are collected comprehensively through in-depth interviews and observations. Data analysis was done using data collection, condensation, presentation, and conclusion drawing. This study concludes that PPS Nagari Air Bangis members have a disproportional workload influenced by internal and external factors. External factors include excessive task load, large work areas, and non-ideal work organization. Internal factors include the organizer's innate physical (somatic) and mental (psychic) working state due to external loads. Although there is a disproportionate workload of PPS Nagari Air Bangis members, this does not cause violations of election integrity, which results in re-election (PSU) or criminal acts.
Exploring Cooperative Learning for Keyboarding Proficiency: A Case Study of Polytechnic Students in Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: Bolarinwa Fehintola Fatimoh Bintu , Lasun Gbadamosi  , Taiwo Edun
Published: December 2024

Effective keyboarding skills are essential for success in office management roles. However, concerns remain about the declining practical mastery of keyboarding among Office Technology and Management (OTM) students in polytechnics in Southwest Nigeria. This study examines the effectiveness of cooperative learning strategies in addressing this issue. Using a quasi-experimental design with a 3x2x2 factorial matrix, 325 ND I OTM students were exposed to three instructional strategies (cooperative learning, gamification, and conventional demonstration), with two moderating variables (gender and locus of control). The results reveal a significant effect of the instructional strategy on keyboarding achievement (F(2,225) = 48.731, p < 0.05), with cooperative learning demonstrating notable effectiveness. Neither gender (F(1,209) = 0.986, p > 0.05) nor locus of control (F(2,255) = 0.426, p > 0.05) showed a significant impact on achievement. These findings suggest that integrating cooperative learning strategies with conventional methods can enhance the keyboarding skills of OTM students, contributing to their overall growth in office technology and management.
The Meeting of Islam and Adat: Exploring the Religiosity of Bajau Samah Community in Kotabaru
Authors: Nurbayani Etty , Husin M. Said
Published: December 2024

The Bajau people, an indigenous group residing along the shores of the archipelago, primarily in Borneo and Celebes Islands, perceive their religiosity differently from other land-based or maritime societies. This paper aims to explore the dimensions of religiosity among the Bajau Samah in Kotabaru, South Kalimantan. This ethnographic research involved researchers participating in the community’s religious-cultural activities, such as the Ma’dupa and Menyurung rituals. The findings reveal that the Bajau Samah are inseparable from their sea and ancestors. These elements are not only their sources of livelihood and wisdom but also crucial ‘figures’ that shape their religiosity. Their experiences and thought processes regarding the sea and their ancestors manifest in various forms: religious feeling, religious belief, religious knowledge, religious practice, and religious effect. This study argues that while adat (customary law) and religion (Islam) are distinct domains, they collectively constitute the religiosity of the Bajau Samah, as evidenced in Kotabaru.