bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El pragmatismo jurídico y el paternalismo judicial en la obra de Juan Bustillo Oro
Authors: Anzzolin Kevin
Published: May 2022

Este ensayo analiza la obra del célebre dramaturgo y cineasta mexicano Juan Bustillo Oro a la luz de la historia jurídica en el siglo XX mexicano. Aunque se hace referencia a varias obras de Bustillo Oro, son principalmente tres las obras bustillanas que se estudian a fondo: la obra de teatro del año 1932, Justicia, S.A., y las películas El hombre sin rostro, de 1950, y Ahí está el detalle, de 1940. La producción artística de Bustillo Oro refleja y refracta la ideología oficial del partido político hegemónico, sobre todo con respecto a la política legal. Las obras destacan el pragmatismo jurídico y el paternalismo judicial que promovieron fuerzas estatales a lo largo del siglo XX. Se resalta cómo las obras bustillanas indagan sobre los jurados populares, el uso del sistema inquisitivo (en vez del sistema acusatorio adversarial) y el papel de los jueces.
Scale Effects on Performance of BLDC Micromotors for Internal Biomedical Applications: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Villalba-Alumbreros Gabriel , Moron-Alguacil Carlos , Fernandez-Munoz Miguel , Valiente-Blanco Ignacio , Diez-Jimenez Efren
Published: May 2022

Micromotors can be used to build up complex microtools for internal medical applications as, for example, steerable catheters or optical and ultrasonic imaging system. The thinner and smaller the micromotors are, the less invasive is the implantation. However, miniaturization of motors implies some limitations in torque, speed, and efficiency. This paper theoretically analyzes the scale effects on torque, efficiency, and thermal behavior of high torque permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motors with ferromagnetic core coils operating in different in-body environment. Using a finite element model of a two-phase BLDC motor, scalability laws are provided for diameters between 0.1 and 100 mm and current densities between 1 and 1000 A/mm2. Based on the impact of the cogging torque and overheating of the motor, scale-dependent operational limits are calculated. Operational threshold can be determined at the point where cogging torque becomes dominating over total torque, limiting the use of traditional iron-core motors in the microscale. Current density limits are provided based on three representative in-body thermal scenarios: respiratory tract, body fluid, and blood torrent. Maximum current densities and corresponding torque and efficiency have been obtained for different micromotor sizes considering safe in-body temperature operation as threshold. It is demonstrated that micromotors of sizes down to 0.1 mm diameter could be used in internal body environments with acceptable performance.
Pressure Drop Model and Jet Features of Ultra High Pressure Water Jet for Downhole Intensifier
Authors: Wang Huajian , Liao Hualin , Wei Jun , Liu Yongwang , Niu Wenlong , Latham John-Paul , Xiang Jiansheng , Liu Jiansheng , Chen Jingkai
Published: May 2022

Existing models can hardly provide a reliable guidance in designing intensifier utilizing axial vibration energy of drill strings. The formation process of jet and the pulsation characteristics of flow field had not been reported. Therefore, a new model combined plunger movement and nozzle pressure drop is proposed. The jet formation process, characteristic of water jet distribution, pressurization performance, and impinging pressure under different parameters were studied based on a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The results show that there is a good agreement between the model and the CFD. Increasing the plunger diameter can prolong the holding time of the high-pressure water jet and increase the peak pressure, but it does not affect the pressurization period, which is mainly influenced by the spring. There are three representative stages observed in the forming process of high-pressure water jet, and in stable potential core stage, the inlet pressure does not affect the length of potential core, which is about seven times the nozzle diameter. The impinging pressure decreases with the radial distance, the maximum of which is at the center of the jet. The stand-off distance should be less than 7d, otherwise the impinging pressure will decrease sharply. The research can provide a reference for the optimal design of intensifier and will be beneficial for downhole pressurized jet-assisted drilling techniques.
Design and Parametric Analysis of a Mach 4 Wind Tunnel for SSLCs Studies
Authors: Zaheer Syed Qasim , Disimile Peter J.
Published: May 2022

The use of shear sensitive liquid crystals (SSLCs) provides a nonintrusive technique for accurate visualization and quantification of shear stress on surfaces under investigation. However, investigations using liquid crystal involving supersonic and hypersonic flows poses specific requirements for the design of wind tunnel. These constraints are pertaining to time response, erosion, and repeated application of the layer of SSLCs on the model surface as well as its sensitivity to wall temperature under the influence of high-speed flows. In this research, the Mach 4 wind tunnel facility is designed using existing empirical, semi-empirical methods and detailed literature survey and is analyzed numerically in ansysfluent 19.0 environment using transient k–ω shear stress transport Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence model. The influence of geometric contouring of converging section of the supersonic nozzle on the reservoir pressure requirement to establish a M = 4 flow condition in test section is also analyzed. The iterative design method is adopted for the supersonic diffuser section of the wind tunnel where different geometric parameters are varied to achieve higher diffuser efficiency as well as minimum startup time requirement. The parametric study is carried out to ascertain the factors influencing test section wall shear stress during wind tunnel startup process and a novel approach is explored in which the Coanda effect is generated to keep the jet emanating from the supersonic nozzle away from the applied SSLC layer, thereby reducing its erosion effect. Furthermore, the influence of the location of a diaphragm for the partially ruptured case on the wind tunnel startup is also critically analyzed.
Idiosyncratic epistasis leads to global fitness–correlated trends
Authors: Bakerlee Christopher W. , Nguyen Ba Alex N. , Shulgina Yekaterina , Rojas Echenique Jose I. , Desai Michael M.
Published: May 2022

Epistasis can markedly affect evolutionary trajectories. In recent decades, protein-level fitness landscapes have revealed extensive idiosyncratic epistasis among specific mutations. By contrast, other work has found ubiquitous and apparently nonspecific patterns of global diminishing-returns and increasing-costs epistasis among mutations across the genome. Here, we used a hierarchical CRISPR gene drive system to construct all combinations of 10 missense mutations from across the genome in budding yeast and measured their fitness in six environments. We show that the resulting fitness landscapes exhibit global fitness–correlated trends but that these trends emerge from specific idiosyncratic interactions. We thus provide experimental validation of recent theoretical work arguing that fitness-correlated trends can emerge as the generic consequence of idiosyncratic epistasis.
Comment on “Discovery of davemaoite, CaSiO
3
-perovskite, as a mineral from the lower mantle”
Authors: Walter Michael J. , Kohn Simon C. , Pearson D. Graham , Shirey Steven B. , Speich Laura , Stachel Thomas , Thomson Andrew R. , Yang Jing
Published: May 2022

Tschauner
et al
. (Reports, 11 November 2021, p. 891) present evidence that diamond GRR-1507 formed in the lower mantle. Instead, the data support a much shallower origin in cold, subcratonic lithospheric mantle. X-ray diffraction data are well matched to phases common in microinclusion-bearing lithospheric diamonds. The calculated bulk inclusion composition is too imprecise to uniquely confirm CaSiO
3
stoichiometry and is equally consistent with inclusions observed in other lithospheric diamonds.
Groundwater under Antarctica goes deep
Authors: Chu Winnie
Published: May 2022

A vast fossil seawater reservoir has been found beneath the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
The changing story of seafood
The Blue Revolution
Nicholas P. Sullivan
Island Press, 2022. 272 pp.
Authors: Jensen Olaf P.
Published: May 2022

New technology, new markets, and better policy are improving fisheries and aquaculture
Hidden influences
The New Science of the Enchanted Universe
Marshall Sahlins, with the assistance of Frederick B. Henry Jr.
Princeton University Press, 2022. 208 pp.
Authors: Spencer Jonathan
Published: May 2022

Beliefs about the vital roles played by spirits and gods have long been underappreciated, argues an anthropologist
Rapid response modeling of SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Authors: Zelner Jon , Eisenberg Marisa
Published: May 2022

What can modelers learn from recent history to help prepare for the next pandemic?
In Science Journals
Authors: Sugden Andrew M. , Funk Michael A. , Malo Courtney S. , Szuromi Phil , Lavine Marc S. , Okamoto Ryo , Ash Caroline , Ray L. Bryan , Yeston Jake , Osborne Ian S. , Smith H. Jesse , Zahn Laura M. , Grocholski Brent , Foley John F. , Williams Ifor , Naeem Shahid , Alderton Gemma , Lopez Bianca , Stern Peter
Published: May 2022

Highlights from the
Science
family of journals
In Other Journals
Authors: Ash Caroline , Hurtley Stella M. , Wible Brad , Vinson Valda , Grocholski Brent , Hines Pamela J. , Yiu Yuen
Published: May 2022

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature
It ain’t over ’til it’s over
Authors: Thorp H. Holden
Published: May 2022

The Biden administration is sheepishly waving a checkered flag on the pandemic. If you look closely, you can see its members cringing as they do so. Chief Medical Advisor Anthony Fauci told the PBS Newshour that the United States was “out of the pandemic phase” and then walked it back, saying he meant that the “acute component” of the pandemic phase was over. President Biden attended the likely superspreading White House Correspondents’ Dinner last weekend but skipped cocktails and the meal, opting to just give his talk. Fauci avoided the whole affair. Meanwhile, Vice President Harris continued to isolate after her positive COVID-19 test, and many members of Congress and the administration announced positive test results as well. All of this happened while the White House allowed a renegade federal judge in Florida (where else?) to end the nationwide mask mandate without much of a fight. These mixed messages have been emanating from the administration for months now, and although those with resources have tools to manage COVID-19, care needs to be taken that those without such means are not forgotten.
Time to Clearance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae RNA at the Pharynx following Treatment
Authors: Barbee Lindley A. , Soge Olusegun O. , Khosropour Christine M. , LeClair Angela , Golden Matthew R.
Published: May 2022

The number of days until pharyngeal
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) results become negative after treatment remains unknown. Between March 2019 and April 2021, we enrolled men who have sex with men (MSM) who had a clinical positive pharyngeal
N. gonorrhoeae
Surveillance of Class I Newcastle Disease Virus at Live Bird Markets in China and Identification of Variants with Increased Virulence and Replication Capacity
Authors: Sun Junfeng , Ai Hui , Chen Linna , Li Le , Shi Qiankai , Liu Tianyi , Zhao Ran , Zhang Chunwei , Han Zongxi , Liu Shengwang
Published: May 2022

The available information on the distribution, genetic diversity, evolution, and biological characteristics of class I Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) in domestic poultry is currently very limited. Here, identification of class I NDVs at nationwide live bird markets (LBMs) in China was performed and representative isolates were characterized.
Warming leads to opposite patterns in weight-at-age for young versus old age classes of Bering Sea walleye pollock
Authors: Oke Krista B. , Mueter Franz , Litzow Michael A.
Published: May 2022

The temperature–size rule predicts that climate warming will lead to faster growth rates for juvenile fishes but lower adult body size. Testing this prediction is central to understanding the effects of climate change on population dynamics. We use fisheries-independent data (1999–2019) to test predictions of age-specific climate effects on body size in eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock ( Gadus chalcogrammus). This stock supports one of the largest food fisheries in the world but is experiencing exceptionally rapid warming. Our results support the predictions that weight-at-age increases with temperature for young age classes (ages 1, 3, and 4) but decreases with temperature for old age classes (ages 7–15). Simultaneous demonstrations of larger juveniles and smaller adults with warming have thus far been rare, but pollock provide a striking example in a fish of exceptional ecological and commercial importance. The age-specific response to temperature was large enough (0.5–1 SD change in log weight-at-age) to have important implications for pollock management, which must estimate current and future weight-at-age to calculate allowable catch, and for the Bering Sea pollock fishery.
A metagenomic study of the bacteria in snow algae microbiomes
Authors: Yakimovich Kurt M. , Quarmby Lynne M.
Published: May 2022

The bacterial communities found in snow algae blooms have been described in terms of their 16S rRNA gene community profiles, but little information exists on their metabolic potential. Previously, we reported that several bacterial taxa are common across snow algae blooms in the southwestern mountains of the Coast Range in British Columbia, Canada. Here, we further this work by reporting a partial bacterial metagenome from the same snow algal microbiomes. Using shotgun metagenomic data, we constructed metagenomically assembled bacterial genomes (MAGs). Of the total 54 binned MAGs, 28 were bacterial and estimated to be at least 50% complete based on single copy core genes. The 28 MAGs fell into five classes: Actinomycetia, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. All MAGs were assigned to a class, 27 to an order, 25 to a family, 18 to a genus, and none to species. MAGs showed the potential to support algal growth by synthesizing B-vitamins and growth hormones. There was also widespread adaptation to the low oxygen environment of biofilms, including synthesis of high-affinity terminal oxidases and anaerobic pathways for cobalamin synthesis. Also notable were the absence of N2 fixation, and the presence of incomplete denitrification pathways suggestive of NO signalling within the microbiome.
Temporal diversity patterns for fungi and mites associated with decaying Sporobolus pumilus (Spartina patens) in the Minas Basin, Nova Scotia
Authors: Malloch Bruce , Kernaghan Gavin , Walker Allison K.
Published: May 2022

Coastal salt marshes provide many ecosystem services; however, little is known of the biology of decomposer taxa in these systems. This study employed aboveground and belowground litterbags to characterize the fungal and mite communities associated with the dominant salt marsh grass, Sporobolus pumilus, in the Minas Basin, Nova Scotia. Decomposition rates of aboveground and belowground tissues and environmental variables were quantified to contextualize temporal patterns in community composition. Aboveground litterbag mass loss peaked in July and decreased consistently over succeeding months, which positively correlated with fungal richness. Fungal and mite richness displayed inverse relationships over time, with mites gradually increasing in diversity before peaking in November, suggesting the presence of a complex detrital network where mites and fungi respond to different and possibly unrelated environmental cues. This study offers a first look at temporal community dynamics of two neglected groups of decomposers associated with S. pumilus in Canada.
GOOD LUCK OR GOOD POLICY? A RECENT MACROECONOMIC HISTORY OF NEW ZEALAND
Authors: AKBAL ÖMER FARUK
Published: May 2022

The Great Moderation was a global phenomenon marked by stable economic growth and inflation. However, how much monetary policy contributed to its success remained a popular debate in the literature. Answering this question became imperative after the global financial crisis since global conditions became relatively more important than past. I examined the recent macroeconomic history of New Zealand through the lens of a regime-switching structural vector-autoregression model to understand the contributions of domestic monetary policy and global conditions to its macroeconomic stabilization. A small open economy structure is essential to facilitate the identification of structural shocks that spillover from the globe.
Evaluation Model of Urban Smart Energy System Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm-Bp Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Guobao , Wang Yunhu , Duan Qing , Huang Yongming , Ma Chunyan , Xu Ruobing , Chai Lin
Published: May 2022

There are many problems such as strong subjectivity, complex calculations, and lack of intelligence in most of the current energy system evaluation models, so a design of an evaluation system for urban smart energy systems based on an improved genetic algorithm-back propagation (BP) neural network is proposed. First of all, the hierarchical structure of the indicator evaluation system for energy system was established, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to assign weights to each indicator, and data samples were classified. Then, SeqGAN was used to expand the data set, which solved the difficult problem of data acquisition. Finally, the genetic algorithm was used to determine the best initial values of the weights and thresholds of the BP neural network structure parameters designed for this research. The simulation experiment results showed that the method in this paper has higher classification accuracy than the traditional method, and comprehensive evaluation model proposed can effectively evaluate the urban smart energy system.
The cohomology class of the mod 4 braid group
Authors: Nakamura Trevor
Published: May 2022

The mod 4 braid group, [Formula: see text], is defined to be the quotient of the braid group by the subgroup of the pure braid group generated by squares of all elements, [Formula: see text]. Kordek and Margalit proved [Formula: see text] is an extension of the symmetric group by [Formula: see text]. For [Formula: see text], we construct a 2-cocycle in the group cohomology of the symmetric group with twisted coefficients classifying [Formula: see text]. We show this cocycle is the mod 2 reduction of the 2-cocycle corresponding to the extension of the symmetric group by the abelianization of the pure braid group. We also construct the 2-cocycle corresponding to this second extension and show that it represents an order two element in the cohomology of the symmetric group. Furthermore, we give presentations for both extensions and a normal generating set for [Formula: see text].
Crosscap number three alternating knots
Authors: Ito Noboru , Takimura Yusuke
Published: May 2022

We have listed all families of alternating knots with the crosscap number three.
TOWARD QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF ELECTRODEPOSITED HARD METAL Mo/Cu COATINGS: SUITABILITY FOR CIGS SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS
Authors: NEMLA FATIMA , CHERRAD DJELLAL
Published: May 2022

Bright and thick molybdenum (Mo) coatings with good purity and adhesion were electrodeposited on Copper (Cu)-supported Mo/Cu, which is based on aqueous bath containing molybdate ions. All the electrodeposition process was carried out at a fixed duration of 1200[Formula: see text]s, according to five different current densities 400, 450, 500, 550, and 600[Formula: see text]mA/cm2 at room temperature [Formula: see text]C. Metallic Mo deposits structure may correspond to that of body-centered cubic (bcc) structure. The lattice parameter, residual stress, crystallites size, micro-strain, and dislocation densities were inferred from Mo (110) texture. Synthetized Mo coatings have relatively same rough surface morphology (50–60[Formula: see text]nm) characterized by some superficial cracks, small uniform grain size having change less than 14%, low residual stress and a good adhesion, a good conductivity, and an appropriate purity that has reached 94 (Mo %wt.). We have deduced that structural and electrical properties of Mo deposits did not obey the existing cracks at surfaces. One important result was that the most cracked and unstressed coating obtained at 450[Formula: see text]mA/cm2 was the same coating having the best purity (Mo %wt.), the best conductivity, and highest free electrons mobility. We suggest that appearance of cracks is closely related to electrochemical facts such as the deposition rate and hydrogen evolution reaction process since cracks decrease beyond 450[Formula: see text]mA/cm2. A good correlation between each investigated property was, also, established and discussed.
Tuning of nonlinear optical properties by size and photonic intensity in CdS/ZnSe core/shell quantum dot-matrix pattern
Authors: Cherni A. , Zeiri N. , Yahyaoui N. , Jbeli A. , Nasrallah S. Abdi-Ben , Said M.
Published: May 2022

In this work, we perform a theoretical analysis of the electronic and optical properties of CdS quantum dot (QD) encapsulated in ZnSe matrix. The intersubband energy levels and the matching wave functions are calculated using the effective mass approximation (E.M.A) and the compact density matrix approach. The effect of self-energy contribution due to the charging of CdS QD with ZnSe matrix has been taken into account from the beginning. We found that the linear and nonlinear optical properties are considerably impacted by the size parameter and the optical intensity I. The results obtained have essential consequences for the design of optoelectronic and photonic devices.
A Novel Hybrid Method for Predicting Vertical Levelling Loss of Railway Track Geometry Under Dynamic Cyclic Loadings
Authors: de Melo Andre Luis Oliveira , Kaewunruen Sakdirat , Papaelias Mayorkinos , Li Ting
Published: May 2022

With an emphasis on the integrated deterioration of railway track geometry and components, a new hybrid numerical-analytical method is proposed for the predictive analysis of track geometrical vertical levelling loss (VLL). In contrast to previous studies showing a dependency on the number of cycles, this research unprecedentedly incorporates the influence of operational, vehicle and track conditions. The numerical models are carried out using an explicit finite element (FE) package under cyclic loadings, and then, their outcomes are iteratively regressed by an analytical logarithmic function that accumulates permanent deformations in order to quantify VLL over a long term. The results are first compared with other previous studies, indicating a very good agreement with them. Then, field measurements have been used to further verify the results. In this study, parametric simulations are performed varying three key parameters: axle load, train velocity and ballast tangent stiffness. The parametric studies exhibit that the rate of VLL raises about 50% if the axle load increases only from 30 ton to 40 ton for a freight train running at 70 km/h on a stiffer ballast track. In contrast, for a 25-tonnes-axle-load train running from 60 km/h to 100 km/h on a similar track, the vertical levelling degradation reduces by approximately 20%. The main findings suggest that higher axle loads contribute significantly to the VLL due higher contact forces and, on the other hand, a lower train speed does not necessarily imply a low rate of VLL since the influence of train velocities on track geometry (VLL) is associated with the natural frequencies (or wavelengths) of the ballasted railway track. The insight demonstrates that the load frequencies play a key role on the deterioration of VLL.
Typical properties of ergodic optimization for asymptotically additive potentials
Authors: Bomfim Thiago , Huo Rongrong , Varandas Paulo , Zhao Yun
Published: May 2022

The space of asymptotically additive potentials is a Banach space and, identifying any two pairs of sequences in terms of their limiting behavior, the quotient space [Formula: see text] is endowed with a vector space structure. A recent correspondence between additive potentials and classes of asymptotically additive potentials allows us to prove that: (i) the class of asymptotically additive potentials having a unique maximizing measure forms a Baire residual subset of [Formula: see text], (ii) for transitive hyperbolic homeomorphisms with local product structure, the elements in [Formula: see text] for which every maximizing measure has full support form a Baire residual subset of [Formula: see text], and that (iii) for expanding and Anosov maps, the elements in [Formula: see text] whose unique maximizing measure has zero metric entropy form a Baire residual set of [Formula: see text]. Further results stating that the maximizing measure is periodic and a number of applications are also discussed.
Effect of Product Assortment, Internet of Things, Order Fulfillment, Green on Purchase Intention Through the Mediating Role of Shopping Assistance
Authors: Shah Adeel , Zhang Yu , Tanveer Muhammad , Ali Wajid , Saleem Ali Raza
Published: May 2022

Businesses are on a perpetual quest to increase purchase intention to increase product sales. Currently, this study is also an effort in a similar context where consumers’ perception of product assortment, internet of things, order fulfillment, green packaging, and green design are comprehended. Besides, the research entails understating the assistance given to the customers for product purchases, followed by the signaling effect of these factors on the brand’s shopping assistance. The impact of shopping assistance is empirically analyzed on purchase intention to grasp the phenomena. Data were gathered using an online survey form, and analysis was done using PLS-SEM. The empirical testing suggests that product assortment, internet of things, order fulfillment, green packaging, and green design on shopping assistance support purchase intention. The result also confirms meditation of shopping assistance in the proposed model.
Engaging North Korea: Malaysia’s Quest for the Middle Path
Authors: KAMARUDDIN NURLIANA , MOHD HUDA MOHD IKBAL , DEIVASAGAYAM AARON DENISON , XIA MENGHU
Published: May 2022

The assassination of Kim Jong Nam in 2017 brought about a significant change in the diplomatic relationship between Malaysia and North Korea. Although diplomatic relations between the two countries were downgraded due to the incident, current changes would likely encourage the resumption of diplomatic ties. This study applies a poliheuristic decision-making analysis of Malaysia’s diplomatic relations with North Korea. It argues that Malaysia’s choice to establish diplomatic ties with North Korea was made consistent with the strong sense of neutrality that has shaped Malaysia’s foreign policy. Despite the increased security threat North Korea is perceived as globally, it was not until the assassination attempt that there was any regression in diplomatic relations between the two countries. Poliheuristic theory can also be utilized to explain why Malaysia will most likely proceed with reopening the Malaysian Embassy in Pyongyang as this is an alternative that would present Malaysia with continued gain in consideration of both its emphasis on diplomacy and neutrality in its foreign policy.
2D Stress Analysis of an Infinite Plate with Orthotropic Inclusions by Embedding Continuous Force Doublet
Authors: Ino Takuichiro , Sonobe Yohei , Koyama Atsuhiro , Saimoto Akihide , Hasib Md. Abdul
Published: May 2022

The body force method is an elastic stress analysis method based on the principle of superposition, where the concentrated force is distributed to satisfy the boundary conditions to obtain a highly accurate elastic solution. In the problem of orthotropic inclusions, the strain difference caused by orthotropic inclusions is expressed as a pair of concentrated forces called a force doublet. For this purpose, the interior of the orthotropic inclusion is discretized by triangular elements, and the fundamental solution of the force doublet is calculated by surface integrating inside the elements. The singularity of concentrated force doublet can be easily eliminated by Green’s theorem when distributing force doublet of uniform magnitude inside a triangular element. However, since the stress distribution inside the orthotropic inclusion is represented by a discontinuous function and the magnitude of the force doublet, the stress inside the inclusion cannot be analyzed accurately. By approximating the magnitude of the force doublet in a triangular element with a linear function, it is possible to obtain the internal stress distribution continuously. The method used to analyze the crack problem is applied to deal with the singularity of the concentrated force doublet. The above method was validated by solving the problem of orthotropic inclusions in the vicinity of the stress concentration.
Initial Buckling and Free Vibration Analysis of Elastically Supported Laminated Plates Using the Meshless Technique
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Kumar Arbind
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a five-variable displacement field is developed within the framework of the higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) for the examination of the free vibrations and the buckling loads of simply supported laminated plate resting on an elastic foundation. The theory is applicable to frame-up with thick and thin plates. Hamilton’s principle is employed to obtain the governing differential equations (GDEs), which are discretized via multiquadric radial basis function (MQRBF). The present study highlights the influence of the elastic foundation and different types of transverse loading, as well as the effects of the span to thickness, aspect ratio, orthotropy ratio, and number of layers, on the results. The paper targets inclining reliable benchmarks for the most recent advancements of the topic to be utilized as references in future validation tests.
Recurrent solutions of the Lorenz system of differential equations
Authors: Zlatanovska Biljana , Dimovski Donc̆o
Published: May 2022

By introducing new variables in the systems of difference equations from the paper [B. Zlatanovska and D. Dimovski, Systems of difference equations approximating the Lorentz system of differential equations, Contrib. Sec. Math. Tech. Sci. 33 (2012) 75–96], new systems of difference equations are obtained. The solutions of these new systems of difference equations depend only on the initial values [Formula: see text] and the coefficients [Formula: see text] . The power series whose coefficients are these solutions present the recurrent solutions for the Lorenz system of differential equations. A comparison between the behavior of the Lorenz system of differential equations and the local behavior of its recurrent solutions for small time steps is examined in examples by computer simulations, as in the papers [B. Zlatanovska and D. Dimovski, Systems of difference equations approximating the Lorentz system of differential equations, Contrib. Sec. Math. Tech. Sci. 33 (2012) 75–96; B. Zlatanovska and D. Dimovski, Systems of difference equations as a model for the Lorentz system, in Proc. Fifth Int. Scientific Conf. FMNS - 2013, Vol. I (Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, 2013), pp. 102–107 and B. Zlatanovska, Approximation for the solutions of Lorenz system with systems of differential equations, Bull. Math. 41(1) (2017) 51–61].
A particular solution of the third-order shortened Lorenz system via integrability of a class of differential equations
Authors: Zlatanovska Biljana , Piperevski Boro
Published: May 2022

In this paper, from the expanded class of the second-order linear differential equations, a subclass will be obtained for which a new condition for reductability according to Frobenius will be obtained. Explicit formulas of a particular solution for the subclass of the second-order linear differential equations are obtained. The third-order shortened Lorenz system was obtained from the Modified Lorenz system. In this paper, a particular solution of the third-order shortened Lorenz system via the integrability of the subclass of the second-order linear differential equations under certain conditions is obtained. At the end, via graphical visualization in Mathematica, the theory is supported by examples.
CULTURE AND THE PERFORMANCE OF MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS
Authors: ANYANGWE TONY , VANROOSE ANNABEL , FANTA ASHENAFI
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study is to assess the effect of culture on the performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs). Using financial ratios relating to both the financial and social objectives of microfinance as performance measures and six variables from Hofstede’s cultural dimensions as culture measures, we assess the role of culture in determining MFI performance. Our final dataset comprises 503 MFIs from 44 countries over the period 2012–2018, extracted from the Mix Market database. A random effects model is used in the empirical analysis, followed by instrumental variables to cater for endogeneity. Our findings indicate that microfinance achieves better financial performance and is more self-sufficient in high power distance and in individualistic cultures. Meanwhile, microfinance achieves better social performance in more masculine and more indulgent cultures. Our results are robust upon inclusion of further controls for institution-specific characteristics, and macroeconomic and formal institution environment variables. Our findings provide further evidence to support the existence of a trade-off in microfinance. We thus argue that the extent of public support for microfinance should not only be a function of the broad objectives of funding parties, but should additionally depend on the cultural environment in which an MFI operates.
Secure and Efficient Item Traceability for Cloud-Aided IIoT
Authors: Qi Saiyu , Wei Wei , Cheng Jingxian , Zheng Yuanqing , Su Zhou , Zhang Jingning , Qi Yong
Published: May 2022

Cloud computing is an essential technique to provide item traceability for industrial internet of things (IIoT) systems by providing item data sharing services. However, a malicious cloud server may prevent industrial participants from acquiring accurate traceability of items by providing inconsistent item data. To fix this issue, we propose Acics, an item data consistency auditing scheme in untrusted cloud services for cloud-aided IIoT systems. Acics presents two variants named S-Acics and L-Acics. S-Acics enables industrial participants to audit item data consistency for each item and circularly play the auditing role. L-Acics further enables industrial participants to audit item data consistency for a sampled subset of items while resisting data selection attack via a new separated storage mechanism. Finally, Acics integrates a fair payment mechanism built on smart contract to incentivize the cloud server to provide consistent item data access service for industrial participants. The experiment results show that our solution can audit item data consistency with reasonable cost.
Be Causal: De-Biasing Social Network Confounding in Recommendation
Authors: Li Qian , Wang Xiangmeng , Wang Zhichao , Xu Guandong
Published: May 2022

In recommendation systems, the existence of the missing-not-at-random (MNAR) problem results in the selection bias issue, degrading the recommendation performance ultimately. A common practice to address MNAR is to treat missing entries from the so-called “exposure” perspective, i.e., modeling how an item is exposed (provided) to a user. Most of the existing approaches use heuristic models or re-weighting strategy on observed ratings to mimic the missing-at-random setting. However, little research has been done to reveal how the ratings are missing from a causal perspective. To bridge the gap, we propose an unbiased and robust method called DENC (
De-Bias Network Confounding in Recommendation
), inspired by confounder analysis in causal inference. In general, DENC provides a causal analysis on MNAR from both the inherent factors (e.g., latent user or item factors) and auxiliary network’s perspective. Particularly, the proposed exposure model in DENC can control the social network confounder meanwhile preserve the observed exposure information. We also develop a deconfounding model through the balanced representation learning to retain the primary user and item features, which enables DENC generalize well on the rating prediction. Extensive experiments on three datasets validate that our proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines.
State of the World's Birds
Authors: Lees Alexander C. , Haskell Lucy , Allinson Tris , Bezeng Simeon B. , Burfield Ian J. , Renjifo Luis Miguel , Rosenberg Kenneth V. , Viswanathan Ashwin , Butchart Stuart H.M.
Published: May 2022

We present an overview of the global spatiotemporal distribution of avian biodiversity, changes in our knowledge of that biodiversity, and the extent to which it is imperilled. Birds are probably the most completely inventoried large taxonomic class of organisms, permitting a uniquely detailed understanding of how the Anthropocene has shaped their distributions and conservation status in space and time. We summarize the threats driving changes in bird species richness and abundance, highlighting the increasingly synergistic interactions between threats such as habitat loss, climate change, and overexploitation. Many metrics of avian biodiversity are exhibiting globally consistent negative trends, with the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List Index showing a steady deterioration in the conservation status of the global avifauna over the past three decades. We identify key measures to counter this loss of avian biodiversity and associated ecosystemservices, which will necessitate increased consideration of the social context of bird conservation interventions in order to deliver positive transformative change for nature.
Effects of metabolic syndrome on fuel utilization during exercise in middle-aged moderately trained individuals
Authors: Alvarez-Jimenez Laura , Moreno-Cabañas Alfonso , Morales-Palomo Felix , Mora-Rodriguez Ricardo
Published: May 2022

We hypothesized that the metabolic disarrangements of individuals suffering metabolic syndrome (i.e., obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia) may blunt substrate utilization during exercise. Using tracer techniques, we observed that at moderate-and-high exercise intensity, whole body lipolysis and plasma glucose metabolic clearance rate are limited in individuals with metabolic syndrome. However, the metabolic syndrome, did not limit endogenous carbohydrate (Ra glucose) and fat (Ra glycerol) mobilization, or fat oxidation during exercise of low intensity. Our data suggest that suffering from metabolic syndrome does not limit fat oxidation during low-intensity exercise.
Existence and Monotone Iterative Approximation of Solutions for Neutral Differential Equations with Generalized Fractional Derivatives
Authors: Somjaiwang Dussadee , Sa Ngiamsunthorn Parinya
Published: May 2022

We study the existence and monotone iterative approximation of mild solutions of fractional‐order neutral differential equations involving a generalized fractional derivative of order 0 < α < 1 which can be reduced to Riemann–Liouville or Hadamard fractional derivatives. The existence of mild solutions is obtained via fixed point techniques in a partially ordered space. The approach is constructive and can be applied numerically. In particular, we construct a monotone sequence of functions converging to a solution which is illustrated by a numerical example.
Novel Radiomics Features for Automated Detection of Cardiac Abnormality in Patients with Pacemaker
Authors: Umesh Pai M. , Ardakani Ali Abbasian , Kamath Aditya , Raghavendra U. , Gudigar Anjan , Venkatesh Naveen , Samanth Jyothi , Devasia Tom , Prabhu Mukund A. , Sampathila Niranjana , Bairy G. Muralidhar
Published: May 2022

Cardiac pacemakers are used in the treatment of patients with symptomatic bradycardia. The pacemaker paces the heart at the predetermined rate to maintain uninterrupted cardiac activity. Usually, pacemaker lead will be connected to the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV) in dual-chamber pacemaker implantation and RV alone in single-chamber pacemaker implantation. This alters the route of proper conduction across the myocardial cells. The cell-to-cell conduction transmission in pacing delays the activation of selected intraventricular myocardial activation. Pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) is most commonly defined as a drop in left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) in the setting of chronic, high-burden right ventricle (RV) pacing. Currently, very few effective treatments are standard for PICM which rely on the detection of the RV pacing. Such treatments have primarily focused on upgrading to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) when LVEF has dropped. However, the early and accurate detection of these stress factors is challenging. Cardiac desynchrony and interventricular desynchrony can be determined by various echocardiographic techniques, including M-mode, Doppler method, tissue Doppler method, and speckle tracking echocardiography which is subjective measures and shows a significant difference between RV and LV preejection period where the activation of LV is delayed considerably. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is a noninvasive technique that can classify the ultrasound images of the heart in pacemaker-implanted patients and healthy patients with normal left ventricular systolic function and further detect the variations in pacemaker functions in its early stage using heart ultrasound images. Developing such a system requires a vast and diverse database to reach optimum performance. This paper proposes a novel CAD tool for the accurate detection of pacemaker variations using machine learning models of decision tree, SVM, random forest, and AdaBoost. The models have been used to extract radiomics features in terms of textures and then screened by their Relief-F scores for selection and ranking to be classified into nine groups consisting of up to 250 radiomics features. Ten best features were fed to the machine learning models. The R-wave dataset achieved a maximum test performance accuracy of 97.73% with four features in the random forest model. The T-wave dataset achieved a maximum test performance accuracy of 96.59% with three features in the SVM model. Our experimental results demonstrate the system’s robustness, which can be developed as an early and accurate detection system for pacing-induced cardiomyopathy.
A Nomogram Combining MRI Multisequence Radiomics and Clinical Factors for Predicting Recurrence of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Li Cuiping , Wang Hongfei , Chen Yulan , Fang Mengshi , Zhu Chao , Gao Yankun , Li Jianying , Dong Jiangning , Wu Xingwang
Published: May 2022

Objective. To develop a combined nomogram based on preoperative multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (mMRI) and clinical information for predicting recurrence in patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). Methods. This retrospective study enrolled 141 patients with clinicopathologically confirmed HGSOC, including 65 patients with recurrence and 76 without recurrence. Radiomics features were extracted from the mMRI images (FS-T2WI, DWI, and T1WI+C). L1 regularization-based least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to select radiomics features. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to build the classification models. A nomogram was established by incorporating clinical risk factors and radiomics Radscores. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics, accuracy, and calibration curves were assessed to evaluate the performance of classification models and nomograms in discriminating recurrence. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the associations between the Radscore or clinical factors and disease-free survival (DFS). Results. One clinical factor and seven radiomics signatures were ultimately selected to establish the predictive model for this study. The AUCs for identifying recurrence in the training and validation cohorts were 0.76 (0.68, 0.84) and 0.67 (0.53, 0.81) with the clinical model, 0.78 (0.71, 0.86) and 0.74 (0.61, 0.86) with the multiradiomics model, and 0.83 (0.77, 0.90) and 0.78 (0.65, 0.90) with the combined nomogram, respectively. The DFS was significantly shorter in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. Conclusion. By incorporating radiomics Radscores and clinical factors, we created a radiomics nomogram to preoperatively identify patients with HGSOC who have a high risk of recurrence, which may serve as a potential tool to guide personalized treatment.
Security-Based Asynchronous Control for Discrete-Time Markov Switching Power Systems

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Authors: Xu Weifeng , Yu Bin , Weng Liguo , Zhou Jianguo
Published: May 2022

This paper addresses the asynchronous control problem for power systems subject to abrupt variations and cyber-attacks. In the sequel, the transient faults of circuit breakers can be described as the Markov process. In light of these situations, the power systems are transmitted to discrete-time Markov switching systems. Meanwhile, the deception attacks with time-varying delays in dispatchers are regulated by a Markov process. The controller and dispatcher are mode-dependent and their modes are nonsynchronous with those of power systems, which are modeled by the hidden Markov models. On the basis of the deception attacks, sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the stochastic mean-square stability of the closed-loop dynamic. Finally, the proposed control design strategy is testified via a simulation result.
The Core Value Strategy and Mentality Evolution of the New Era of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Sun Xixiang , Li Gen
Published: May 2022

The organic combination of corporate social responsibility psychological contract and economic power in the new era means that the economic thinking of business leaders needs the construction of economic thinking, and it also needs the reflection of psychological contract. As a concrete embodiment of the core value of corporate social responsibility, corporate brand should not only create an attractive brand image but also effectively transmit the core value of the enterprise to the society and assume social responsibility. This paper provides a tool that enables researchers to describe the structure and application of the evolution of the corporate social responsibility mindset, as well as to ensure the effective implementation of core value strategies for new-age companies. The framework provides a powerful tool for rapidly deciphering and understanding the evolution of the mindset of different corporate brands. Therefore, this paper deeply analyzes the core value strategy of corporate social responsibility in the current new era, finds out the deficiencies, and explores its root causes. In addition, a corporate psychological contract with a sense of social responsibility has won the recognition of consumers and even the public, and the ethical expression of the company is even more important.