bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of Basic Patient Safety Skills in Residents Entering the First Year of Clinical Training
Authors: Comunale Mark E. , Sandoval Mathew , Broussard La Toya
Published: May 2015

Objectives

During safety rounds, we observed few residents demonstrating hand hygiene and patient identification as they began their postgraduate clinical training. We assessed baseline performance of these 2 basic safety skills in residents entering the first year of postgraduate clinical training (PGY1).

Methods

PGY1 residents beginning training on July 1, 2013, and July 1, 2014, at our institution were examined using a simulated scenario testing for hand hygiene and patient identification. Nurse volunteers posed as patients and evaluated each resident using a standardized scoring tool. Residents were observed for the following behaviors when interacting: (1) hand hygiene before or upon entry into the patient's room (HHE); (2) resident introducing himself or herself (INTRO); (3) resident identifying patient (IDNB); (4) resident comparing patient's stated name and date of birth to patient's ID band (IDC); (5) resident explaining procedure to patient (EXP); and (6) resident performing hand hygiene upon exiting patient's room (HHL).

Results

A total of 114 residents were examined. Compliance results were as follows: HHE at 66% (75); INTRO at 96% (110); IDNB at 52% (59); IDC at 42% (48); EXP at 90% (103); and HHL at 58% (66).

Conclusions

Developing and hardwiring basic patient safety skills is essential for creating an institutional culture of safety. We used a simulated patient scenario to provide a baseline assessment of 2 important safety skills.

The results obtained demonstrate poor compliance with hand hygiene and patient identification. Our results suggest that there is a need for additional training and perhaps new methods of training and reinforcement in medical school and beyond, to hardwire these basic patient safety skills.
Shewanella electrodiphila sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from Mid-Atlantic Ridge deep-sea sediments
Authors: Zhang Jinwei , Burgess J. Grant
Published: May 2015

Strains MAR441T and MAR445 were isolated from Mid-Atlantic Ridge sediments from a depth of 2734 m, and were found to belong to the genus Shewanella. The strains were rod-shaped, pigmented, non-motile and capable of anaerobic growth either by fermentation of carbohydrates or by anaerobic respiration. The strains utilized a variety of electron acceptors, including nitrate and ferric compounds, and could utilize peptone when grown anaerobically in a two-chambered microbial fuel cell, which used carbon cloth electrodes and delivered a stable power output of ∼150–200 mW m− 2. The major fatty acids were typical of the genus Shewanella, with major components C13 : 0, iso-C13 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c, C18 : 1ω7c and C20 : 5ω3 fatty acids. The DNA G+C content of strains MAR441T and MAR445 was 42.4 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strains MAR441T and MAR445 were most closely related to Shewanella olleyana (sequence similarities 97.9  % to the type strain). DNA–DNA hybridization demonstrated only 15.6–37.2  % relatedness between strain MAR441T and the type strains of related species of the genus Shewanella. Phenotypic characteristics confirmed that these isolates constituted a novel species of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella electrodiphila sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is MAR441T ( = ATCC BAA-2408T = DSM 24955T).
Pichia dushanensis sp. nov. and Hyphopichia paragotoi sp. nov., two sexual yeast species associated with insects and rotten wood
Authors: Ren Yong-Cheng , Liu Si-Tong , Li Ying , Hui Feng-Li
Published: May 2015

Seven yeast strains were isolated from the gut of insect larvae and decayed wood, which were collected from three localities near Nanyang, Henan Province, China. These strains were identified as two novel species through comparison of sequences in the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and other taxonomic characteristics.Pichia dushanensissp. nov. was closely related to species in thePichiaclade and produced one to four spheroid ascospores in a deliquescent ascus. The D1/D2 sequence ofP. dushanensissp. nov. differed from its closest relative,Issatchenkia(Pichia) sp. NRRL Y-12824, by 3.6  % sequence divergence (16 substitutions and 4 gaps). The species also differed from its four closest known species,Candida rugopelliculosa,Pichia occidentalis,Pichia exiguaandCandida phayaonensis, by 4.1–4.4  % sequence divergence (22–24 substitutions and 0–2 gaps) in the D1/D2 sequences.Hyphopichia paragotoisp. nov. belonged to theHyphopichiaclade, and its nearest phylogenetic neighbours wereCandida gotoi,Candida pseudorhagii,Candida rhagiiandHyphopichia heimiiwith 3.2–4.2  % sequence divergence (16–21substitutions and 1 gap) in the D1/D2 sequences. In comparison with previously established species,H. paragotoisp. nov. formed one hat-shaped ascospore in a persistent ascus. The type strain ofP. dushanensissp. nov. is NYNU 14658T( = CICC 33049T = CBS 13912T), and the type strain ofH. paragotoisp. nov. is NYNU 14666T( = CICC 33048T = CBS 13913T).
Winogradskyella crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Authors: Park Sooyeon , Park Ji-Min , Won Sung-Min , Yoon Jung-Hoon
Published: May 2015

A Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated TYO-19T, was isolated from an oyster collected from the South Sea in South Korea, and was subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Strain TYO-19T grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 1.0–2.0  % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TYO-19T belonged to the genus Winogradskyella, clustering coherently with the type strain of Winogradskyella epiphytica. Strain TYO-19T exhibited a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 99.7  % to W. epiphytica KMM 3906T and 94.2–96.9  % to the type strains of other species of the genus Winogradskyella. Strain TYO-19T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15[hairsp] :[hairsp] 1 G, iso-C17[hairsp] :[hairsp] 0 3-OH, iso-C15[hairsp] :[hairsp] 0 and anteiso-C15[hairsp] :[hairsp] 0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain TYO-19T were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 39.0 mol% and the mean DNA–DNA relatedness value with the type strain of W. epiphytica was 59 ± 4.3  %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain TYO-19T is separated from recognized species of the genus Winogradskyella. On the basis of the data presented, strain TYO-19T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Winogradskyella, for which the name Winogradskyella crassostreae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TYO-19T  ( = KCTC 42462T = NBRC 110924T).
Engineering Cell Fate: The Roles of iPSC Transcription Factors, Chemicals, Barriers and Enhancing Factors in Reprogramming and Transdifferentiation
Authors: Ebrahimi Behnam
Published: May 2015

Direct reprogramming technology has emerged as an outstanding technique for the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and various specialized cells directly from somatic cells of different species. Recent studies dissecting the molecular mechanisms of reprogramming have methodologically improved the quality, ease and efficiency of reprogramming and eliminated the need for genome modifications with integrating viral vectors. With these advancements, direct reprogramming technology has moved closer to clinical application. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the cutting-edge findings regarding distinct barriers of reprogramming to pluripotency, strategies to enhance reprogramming efficiency, and chemical reprogramming as one of the non-integrating approaches in iPS cell generation. In addition to direct transdifferentiation, pluripotency factor-induced transdifferentiation or cell activation and signaling directed (CASD) lineage conversion is described as a robust strategy for the generation of both tissue-specific progenitors and clinically relevant cell types. Then, we consider the possibility that a combined method of inhibition of roadblocks (e.g. p53, p21, p57, Mbd3, etc.), and application of enhancing factors in a chemical reprogramming paradigm would be an almost safe, reliable and effective approach in pluripotent reprogramming and transdifferentiation. Furthermore, with respect to the state of native, aberrant, and target gene regulatory networks in reprogrammed cell populations, CellNet is reviewed as a computational platform capable of evaluating the fidelity of reprogramming methods and refining current engineering strategies. Ultimately, we conclude that a faithful, highly efficient and integration-free reprogramming paradigm would provide powerful tools for research studies, drug-based induced regeneration, cell transplantation therapies and other regenerative medicine purposes.
3-Sulfinopropionyl-coenzyme A (3SP-CoA) desulfinase fromAdvenella mimigardefordensisDPN7T: crystal structure and function of a desulfinase with an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase fold
Authors: Schürmann Marc , Meijers Rob , Schneider Thomas R. , Steinbüchel Alexander , Cianci Michele
Published: May 2015

3-Sulfinopropionyl-coenzyme A (3SP-CoA) desulfinase (AcdDPN7; EC 3.13.1.4) was identified during investigation of the 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid (DTDP) catabolic pathway in the betaproteobacteriumAdvenella mimigardefordensisstrain DPN7T. DTDP is an organic disulfide and a precursor for the synthesis of polythioesters (PTEs) in bacteria, and is of interest for biotechnological PTE production. AcdDPN7catalyzes sulfur abstraction from 3SP-CoA, a key step during the catabolism of DTDP. Here, the crystal structures of apo AcdDPN7at 1.89 Å resolution and of its complex with the CoA moiety from the substrate analogue succinyl-CoA at 2.30 Å resolution are presented. The apo structure shows that AcdDPN7belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase superfamily fold and that it is a tetramer, with each subunit containing one flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) molecule. The enzyme does not show any dehydrogenase activity. Dehydrogenase activity would require a catalytic base (Glu or Asp residue) at either position 246 or position 366, where a glutamine and a glycine are instead found, respectively, in this desulfinase. The positioning of CoA in the crystal complex enabled the modelling of a substrate complex containing 3SP-CoA. This indicates that Arg84 is a key residue in the desulfination reaction. An Arg84Lys mutant showed a complete loss of enzymatic activity, suggesting that the guanidinium group of the arginine is essential for desulfination. AcdDPN7is the first desulfinase with an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase fold to be reported, which underlines the versatility of this enzyme scaffold.
A revised partiality model and post-refinement algorithm for X-ray free-electron laser data
Authors: Ginn Helen Mary , Brewster Aaron S. , Hattne Johan , Evans Gwyndaf , Wagner Armin , Grimes Jonathan M. , Sauter Nicholas K. , Sutton Geoff , Stuart David Ian
Published: May 2015

Research towards using X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) data to solve structures using experimental phasing methods such as sulfur single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) has been hampered by shortcomings in the diffraction models for X-ray diffraction from FELs. Owing to errors in the orientation matrix and overly simple partiality models, researchers have required large numbers of images to converge to reliable estimates for the structure-factor amplitudes, which may not be feasible for all biological systems. Here, data for cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus type 17 (CPV17) collected at 1.3 Å wavelength at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) are revisited. A previously published definition of a partiality model for reflections illuminated by self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) pulses is built upon, which defines a fraction between 0 and 1 based on the intersection of a reflection with a spread of Ewald spheres modelled by a super-Gaussian wavelength distribution in the X-ray beam. A method of post-refinement to refine the parameters of this model is suggested. This has generated a merged data set with an overall discrepancy (by calculating the R
split value) of 3.15% to 1.46 Å resolution from a 7225-image data set. The atomic numbers of C, N and O atoms in the structure are distinguishable in the electron-density map. There are 13 S atoms within the 237 residues of CPV17, excluding the initial disordered methionine. These only possess 0.42 anomalous scattering electrons each at 1.3 Å wavelength, but the 12 that have single predominant positions are easily detectable in the anomalous difference Fourier map. It is hoped that these improvements will lead towards XFEL experimental phase determination and structure determination by sulfur SAD and will generally increase the utility of the method for difficult cases.
DATASW, a tool for HPLC–SAXS data analysis
Authors: Shkumatov Alexander V. , Strelkov Sergei V.
Published: May 2015

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in solution is a common low-resolution method which can efficiently complement the high-resolution information obtained by crystallography or NMR. Sample monodispersity is key to reliable SAXS data interpretation and model building. Beamline setups with inline high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are particularly useful for accurate profiling of heterogeneous samples. The program DATASW performs averaging of individual data frames from HPLC–SAXS experiments using a sliding window of a user-specified size, calculates overall parameters [I(0), R
g, D
max and molecular weight] and predicts the folding state (folded/unfolded) of the sample. Applications of DATASW are illustrated for several proteins with various oligomerization behaviours recorded on different beamlines. DATASW binaries for major operating systems can be downloaded from http://datasw.sourceforge.net/.
Structural analysis of the α-glucosidase HaG provides new insights into substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism
Authors: Shen Xing , Saburi Wataru , Gai Zuoqi , Kato Koji , Ojima-Kato Teruyo , Yu Jian , Komoda Keisuke , Kido Yusuke , Matsui Hirokazu , Mori Haruhide , Yao Min
Published: May 2015

α-Glucosidases, which catalyze the hydrolysis of the α-glucosidic linkage at the nonreducing end of the substrate, are important for the metabolism of α-glucosides. Halomonas sp. H11 α-glucosidase (HaG), belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 13 (GH13), only has high hydrolytic activity towards the α-(1→4)-linked disaccharide maltose among naturally occurring substrates. Although several three-dimensional structures of GH13 members have been solved, the disaccharide specificity and α-(1→4) recognition mechanism of α-glucosidase are unclear owing to a lack of corresponding substrate-bound structures. In this study, four crystal structures of HaG were solved: the apo form, the glucosyl-enzyme intermediate complex, the E271Q mutant in complex with its natural substrate maltose and a complex of the D202N mutant with D-glucose and glycerol. These structures explicitly provide insights into the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of HaG. A peculiar long β→α loop 4 which exists in α-glucosidase is responsible for the strict recognition of disaccharides owing to steric hindrance. Two residues, Thr203 and Phe297, assisted with Gly228, were found to determine the glycosidic linkage specificity of the substrate at subsite +1. Furthermore, an explanation of the α-glucosidase reaction mechanism is proposed based on the glucosyl-enzyme intermediate structure.
Full-length structure of the major autolysin LytA
Authors: Li Qiong , Cheng Wang , Morlot Cécile , Bai Xiao-Hui , Jiang Yong-Liang , Wang Wenjia , Roper David I. , Vernet Thierry , Dong Yu-Hui , Chen Yuxing , Zhou Cong-Zhao
Published: May 2015

LytA is responsible for the autolysis of manyStreptococcusspecies, including pathogens such asS. pneumoniae,S. pseudopneumoniaeandS. mitis. However, how this major autolysin achieves full activity remains unknown. Here, the full-length structure of theS. pneumoniaeLytA dimer is reported at 2.1 Å resolution. Each subunit has an N-terminal amidase domain and a C-terminal choline-binding domain consisting of six choline-binding repeats, which form five canonical and one single-layered choline-binding sites. Site-directed mutageneses combined with enzymatic activity assays indicate that dimerization and binding to choline are two independent requirements for the autolytic activity of LytAin vivo. Altogether, it is suggested that dimerization and full occupancy of all choline-binding sites through binding to choline-containing TA chains enable LytA to adopt a fully active conformation which allows the amidase domain to cleave two lactyl-amide bonds located about 103 Å apart on the peptidoglycan.
Crystal structure of 4-(trimethylgermyl)benzoic acid
Authors: Knauer Lena , Barth Eva R. , Golz Christopher , Strohmann Carsten
Published: May 2015

The title compound, [Ge(CH3)3(C7H5O2)], was obtained as a by-product in the synthesis of the corresponding aldehyde. Two slightly different molecules are present in the asymmetric unit. In both molecules, the geometry of the aromatic ring plane is distorted by varying intensities. Additionally, the Ge atoms deviate from the mean aromatic ring planes. Whereas the distance of the Ge atom to the ring plane is only 0.101 (4) Å in the first molecule, this distance is increased to 0.210 (4) Å in the second. In the crystal structure, centrosymmetric O—H...O hydrogen-bonded dimers are formed. The title compound is isostructural with the Si analogue [Haberechtet al.(2004).Acta Cryst.E60, o329–0330].
Crystal structure of 2-{[(5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)methylidene]amino}phenol
Authors: Koçak Figen , Tanak Hasan , Ağar Erbil , Doğan Onur Erman , Özdemir Namık
Published: May 2015

The title compound, C11H8N2O3S, is roughly planar; the dihedral angle between the planes of the thiophene and benzene rings is 8.38 (10)°. An intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond generates anS(5) ring motif. In the crystal, molecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by pairs of O—H...O hydrogen bonds with anR22(22) graph-set motif. Aromatic π–π stacking interactions [centroid–centroid separations = 3.653 (3) and 3.852 (3) Å] link the dimers into a three-dimensional network.
Crystal structure of 1,13,14-triazadibenz[a,j]anthracene 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane monosolvate
Authors: Koizumi Take-aki , Hariu Tomohiro , Sei Yoshihisa
Published: May 2015

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H11N3·C2H2Cl4, consists of one half-molecule of 1,13,14-triazadibenz[a,j]anthracene (dibenzo[c,h]-1.9,10-anthyridine, dbanth) and one half of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE), both of which are located on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis. The dihedral angle between the planes of the terminal benzene rings in dbanth is 3.59 (7)° owing to the steric repulsion between the H atoms in the two benzo groups and the H atom in the central pyridine ring of the anthridine skeleton. In the crystal, π–π interactions between pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.568 (2) and 3.594 (2) Å] link the dbanth molecules to form a one-dimensional columnar structure along thecaxis. The dbanth and TCE molecules are connected through weak bifurcated C—H...(N,N) hydrogen bonds.
Crystal structure of 4-amino-3-(3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione
Authors: Mague Joel T. , Mohamed Shaaban K. , Akkurt Mehmet , Albayati Mustafa R.
Published: May 2015

In the title compound, C12H12N6S, the dihedral angles between the central pyrazole ring and the pendant triazole and benzene rings are 68.01 (4) and 59.83 (9)°, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...N and N—H...S hydrogen bonds, generating (10-1) sheets.
Crystal structure of μ-cyanido-1:2κ2N:C-dicyanido-1κC,2κC-bis(quinolin-8-amine-1κ2N,N′)-2-silver(I)-1-silver(II): rare occurrence of a mixed-valence AgI,IIcompound
Authors: Setifi Zouaoui , Bernès Sylvain , Pérez Olivier , Setifi Fatima , Rouag Djamil-Azzeddine
Published: May 2015

The title dinuclear complex, [Ag2(CN)3(C9H8N2)2], may be considered as an AgIIcompound with the corresponding metal site coordinated by two bidentate quinolin-8-amine molecules, one cyanide group and one dicyanidoargentate(I) anion, [Ag(CN)2]−. Since this latter ligand contains an AgIatom, the complex should be a class 1 or class 2 mixed-valence compound, according to the Robin–Day classification. The AgIIatom is six-coordinated in a highly distorted octahedral geometry, while the AgIatom displays the expected linear geometry. In the crystal, the amino groups of the quinolin-8-amine ligands form N—H...N hydrogen bonds with the N atoms of the non-bridging cyanide ligands, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to (102). The terminal cyanide ligands are not engaged in polymeric bonds and the title compound is an authentic molecular complex. The title molecule is thus a rare example of a stable AgI,IIcomplex, and the first mixed-valence AgI,IImolecular complex characterized by X-ray diffraction.
Crystal structure of a sodium, zinc and iron(III)-based non-stoichiometric phosphate with an alluaudite-like structure: Na1.67Zn1.67Fe1.33(PO4)3
Authors: Khmiyas Jamal , Assani Abderrazzak , Saadi Mohamed , El Ammari Lahcen
Published: May 2015

The new title compound, disodium dizinc iron(III) tris(phosphate), Na1.67Zn1.67Fe1.33(PO4)3, which belongs to the alluaudite family, has been synthesized by solid-state reactions. In this structure, all atoms are in general positions except for four, which are located on special positions of theC2/cspace group. This structure is characterized by cation substitutional disorder at two sites, one situated on the special position 4e(2) and the other on the general position 8f. The 4esite is partially occupied by Na+[0.332 (3)], whereas the 8fsite is entirely filled by a mixture of Fe and Zn. The full-occupancy sodium and zinc atoms are located at the Wyckoff positions on the inversion center 4a(-1) and on the twofold rotation axis 4e, respectively. Refinement of the occupancy ratios, bond-valence analysis and the electrical neutrality requirement of the structure lead to the given composition for the title compound. The three-dimensional framework of this structure consists of kinked chains of edge-sharing octahedra stacked parallel to [10-1]. The chains are formed by a succession of trimers based on [ZnO6] octahedra and the mixed-cation FeIII/ZnII[(Fe/Zn)O6] octahedra [FeIII:ZnIIIratio 0.668 (3)/0.332 (3)]. Continuous chains are held together by PO4phosphate groups, forming polyhedral sheets perpendicular to [010]. The stacked sheets delimit two types of tunnels parallel to thecaxis in which the sodium cations are located. Each Na+cation is coordinated by eight O atoms. The disorder of Na in the tunnel might presage ionic mobility for this material.
Entrepreneurship in Africa – a classificatory framework and a research agenda
Authors: Kuada John
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to provide a classificatory framework for mapping out entrepreneurs and small businesses with growth potentials in Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

– The study undertakes a review of the existing development economics and entrepreneurship literature to determine the need for the framework and how to proceed in developing it.

Findings

– The literature review informs that although enterprise-led growth provides a greater promise for absolute poverty reduction, policymakers lack guidelines on how to identify those with highest potentials for job creation and tax revenue generation. Furthermore, African entrepreneurs can purposefully be classified in terms of their motives and degree of innovation. The classification produces a 2×2 matrix that maps out the growth capabilities of businesses found in a given country or community.

Research limitations/implications

– The framework provides researchers and policymakers with descriptive categories that can guide their strategies and decisions.

Originality/value

– Introducing innovation-imitation dimension into the classificatory framework extends and improves previous typologies of small enterprises available in the literature.
Perceptions of fairness in the psychological contracts of allied health professionals
Authors: Flower Rebecca , Demir Defne , McWilliams John , Johnson Dianne
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between components of the psychological contract, organisational justice, and negative affectivity (NA), with key employee outcomes (i.e. organisational commitment, job satisfaction, depression, and psychological distress) among allied health professionals.

Design/methodology/approach

– In total, 134 (response rate of 46 per cent) Australian allied health professional completed a questionnaire.

Findings

– Multiple regressions revealed that higher NA was associated with lower organisational commitment, lower job satisfaction, and higher levels of depression. The psychological contract variable, breach, was associated with depression. Informational justice was associated with organisational commitment. Distributive justice was associated with job satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications

– This research is limited by its cross-sectional design and that the data were self-reported. The results obtained suggest the potential utility of collecting longitudinal data to replicate and extend the results.

Practical implications

– While NA may be beyond management control, it may be ameliorated by attention to improving communication of management decisions and by sensitivity to the elements implicit in psychological contracts. The negative consequences of contract breach may be offset by informational and distributive justice.

Originality/value

– This study is one of the first to examine multiple measures of the psychological contract in addition to organisational justice and NA. Further, this study adds to the literature for allied health professionals, where little is known about factors contributing to their turnover.
Identifying core control items of information security management and improvement strategies by applying fuzzy DEMATEL
Authors: Ho Li-Hsing , Hsu Ming-Tsai , Yen Tieh-Min
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the cause-and-effect relationship and the mutually influential level among information security control items, as well as to provide organizations with a method for analyzing and making systematic decisions for improvement.

Design/methodology/approach

– This study utilized the Fuzzy DEMATEL to analyze cause-and-effect relationships and mutual influence of the 11 control items of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 27001 Information Security Management System (ISMS), which are discussed by seven experts in Taiwan to identify the core control items for developing the improvement strategies.

Findings

– The study has found that the three core control items of the ISMS are security policy (SC1), access control (SC7) and human resource security (SC4). This study provides organizations with a direction to develop improvement strategies and effectively manage the ISMS of the organization.

Originality/value

– The value of this study is for an organization to effectively dedicate resources to core control items, such that other control items are driven toward positive change by analyzing the cause-and-effect relation and the mutual influential level among information security control items, through a cause-and-effect matrix and a systematic diagram.
Theoretical prediction of the needle penetration force in denim fabric part 1
Authors: Haghighat Ezzatollah , Etrati Seyed Mohammad , Shaikhzadeh Najar Saeed , Shamsi Mostafa
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to theoretically calculate and predict the needle penetration force (NPF) in woven denim fabrics with twill 3/1 weave pattern, based on the geometrical, physical, and mechanical properties of fabric and constituent weft and warp yarns.

Design/methodology/approach

– In order to calculate the NPF by mathematical relations, the suggested model by Stylios and Xu (1995) is extended. While the needle penetrates into the fabric, the NPF is calculated on the basis of yarn tensile elongation, needle profile shape, and friction between needle and yarns. To accurately evaluate the developed model, nine different commercial denim fabric samples with various weft densities and linear density of weft yarns are produced, also five needles with different sizes are utilized. The NPF is measured in the successive cycle loading conditions similar to sewing machine process by using a designed and constructed instrument, which mounted on the Instron tensile tester.

Findings

– Comparing the predicted and experimental values indicated that the accuracy of model to predict the NPF is partly acceptable (R2=0.734). To improve the developed model, in addition to the forces which applied on needle due to yarn elongation, the other forces such as friction between weft and warp yarns, and yarn resistance to bending in the near of the sewing needle, which resist against needle penetration, can be considered.

Originality/value

– The fabrics with twill weave pattern have a complicated structure than plain pattern, therefore, in this paper the NPF of denim fabrics with twill 3/1 weave pattern were theoretically calculated based on yarn elongation. The spacing between centers of yarns in these fabrics is obtained by deriving a new formula. The NPF is measured on the Instron tensile tester to simulate sewing process.
Influence of structure and finishing of woven fabrics on their formability
Authors: Frydrych Iwona , Matusiak Małgorzata
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the formability of cotton and cotton/polyester woven fabrics and their selected properties: weft density, weave and a way of finishing. It shows how the mentioned properties influence fabric formability and analyze a statistical significance of investigated relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

– In paper two groups of cotton and cotton/polyester woven fabrics of different structure and a way of finishing have been measured in the range of their basic structural properties as well as bending rigidity and initial Young’s modulus. Formability of investigated fabrics has been calculated on the basis of bending rigidity and initial Young’s modulus. Next, ANOVA has been performed in order to analyze the relationships between the weft density, weave and a way of finishing of woven fabrics and their formability.

Findings

– The paper shows that all selected properties of woven fabrics significantly influence their formability as well as that there is statistically significant interaction between mentioned independent factors. It provides empirical results confirming that the influence of raw material composition of investigated cotton and cotton/polyester woven fabrics on the formability of fabrics is statistically insignificant.

Research limitations/implications

– Results of investigations can be applied for cotton and cotton-like woven fabrics.

Practical implications

– The paper includes implications for woven fabric engineering from the point of view of achieving the expected fabric formability.

Social implications

– The results enables the choice of appropriate fabric for the given clothing.

Originality/value

– This paper fulfills an identified need to study how the formability of woven fabrics can be shaped by an appropriate selection of their structure and a way of finishing.
Analysis of human body surface shape using parametric design method
Authors: Kim Sungmin
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to analyze automation of body surface shape.

Design/methodology/approach

– Numerous body landmarks are detected automatically. Body surface can be subdivided into multiple patches in a consistent manner using parametric design method.

Findings

– Complex surface shape of various human bodies can be analyzed easily and consistently.

Research limitations/implications

– The proposed method may not be applicable for a body with the shape which significantly differs from that of an average body.

Practical implications

– This method can greatly reduce the time required to analyze the surface shape of a three dimensional body scan data.

Originality/value

– The analysis of body surface shape is one of the most important processes especially in designing close fitting garments. The parametric design of body surface patches will facilitate the analysis of numerous body scan data.
Visibility aid cycling clothing: flashing light-emitting diode (FLED) configurations
Authors: Koo Helen S. , Huang Xiao
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate drivers’ differing psychological perceptions of cyclists’ conspicuity according to active visibility aid configurations on clothing.

Design/methodology/approach

– The flashing light-emitting diodes (FLEDs) were positioned on the major joints (shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, knees, and ankles) in eight configurations and pre- and post-surveys were conducted.

Findings

– The results indicated that there were significant differences among the eight configurations in observers’ detection and recognition of cyclists, contributions of FLEDs, and visibility of cyclists (p<0.001). Among the eight different configurations on joints, FLEDs on the hips, knees, and ankles were the most detectable, recognizable, and visible.

Originality/value

– Most of the previous studies have investigated passive visibility aids and there is a lack of research on FLED configurations on major joints for cyclists. Thus, this study is expected to be beneficial to designers when developing active visibility aid clothing for cyclists.
Virtual manipulations for draping
Authors: Mesuda Yuko , Inui Shigeru , Horiba Yosuke
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– Draping is one method used in clothing design. It is important to virtualize draping in real time, and virtual cloth handling is a key technology for this purpose. A mouse is often used for real-time cloth handling in many studies. However, gesture manipulation is more realistic than movements using the mouse. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate virtual cloth manipulation using hand gestures in the real world.

Design/methodology/approach

– In this study, the authors demonstrate three types of manipulation: moving, cutting, and attaching. The user’s hand coordinates are obtained with a Kinect, and the cloth model is manipulated by them. The cloth model is moved based on the position of the hand coordinates. The cloth model is cut along a cut line calculated from the hand coordinates. In attaching the cloth model, it is mapped to a dummy model and then part of the cloth model is fixed and another part is released.

Findings

– This method can move the cloth model according to the motion of the hands. The authors have succeeded in cutting the cloth model based on the hand trajectory. The cloth model can be attached to the dummy model and its form is changed along the dummy model shape.

Originality/value

– Cloth handling in many studies is based on indirect manipulation using a mouse. In this study, the cloth model is manipulated according to hand motion in the real world in real time.
Understanding cultural activity involvement of loyalty segments in the performing arts
Authors: Rooij Pieter de
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to describe and understand dimensions of cultural activity involvement and the relationship between cultural activity involvement and behavioural loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach

– Semi-structured in-depth interviews with 47 customers of a theatre were held.

Findings

– The study shows that the concept of cultural activity involvement consists of six dimensions: attraction, centrality, self-expression, social bonding, cultural transmission and financial contribution. Three customer segments are taken into consideration according behavioural loyalty levels: incidental spectators, interested participants and the core audience. There are large differences between the three customer segments regarding cultural activity involvement.

Research limitations/implications

– Introspection might have decreased the reliability. As the study is a case study, problems with external validity are recognised.

Practical implications

– Given the decline of subsidies in the arts world, it becomes more important to attract more visitors and to increase spending. Performing arts organisations might attract more visitors in case they provide additional services which enable cultural transmission. Moreover, the study shows that certain visitors are willing to contribute additional money to the arts.

Originality/value

– Current studies about leisure involvement focus on recreation and distinguish four dimensions of involvement. This study focuses on cultural activity involvement and explores these four dimensions, but also shows there are two new dimensions. This study contributes to a further understanding of the relationship between cultural activity involvement and behavioural loyalty.
An investigation of antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior in the Turkish hospitality industry: a structural equation approach
Authors: Bilgin Necdet , Kuzey Cemil , Torlak Gökhan , Uyar Ali
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– This paper aims to investigate the relationships between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and its antecedents – job satisfaction (JS), affective commitment (AC), organizational justice (OJ) and charismatic leadership (CL); the relationships among its antecedents; and mediating roles of JS and AC in the relationships between CL and OCB and between OJ and OCB in the Turkish hospitality industry in Antalya region. Improving OCB in the hospitality industry, as in other industries, plays an important role in increasing service quality and organization performance.

Design/methodology/approach

– The sample used for this study consisted of 768 employees working in 18 hotels (4- or 5-Star) in the Antalya region of Turkey. The data collection methodology of the study was a questionnaire survey which was administered through drop-and-collect methodology. The analysis methodology of the study was structural equation modeling.

Findings

– The findings indicated that both AC and JS mediated the relationship between CL and OCB, as well as between OJ and OCB. Guiding employees by charismatic leaders as well as securing OJ at workplaces in hospitality organizations in the Antalya region of Turkey contribute to OCB positively; however, JS and AC mediate this relationship. Thus, it is assumed that managers should take steps to improve the AC and JS attributes of their employees. In addition, unlike empirical findings in hospitality management literature, this research could not find any direct relationship between CL and OCB.

Research limitations/implications

– The present study provides practical implications for hotel managers who may be searching for ways in which to increase OCB and firm performance. The sample is confined to the hospitality industry, thus the generalization of findings to other industries might be limited. Hence, the authors suggest future studies which better enable comparison among various industries.

Originality/value

– The novelty of the present study arises from two points: incorporating a CL variable into the study’s model regarding the antecedents of OCB and investigating the mediating roles of JS and AC between CL and OCB as well as between OJ and OCB within the hospitality management industry.
Service quality and customer satisfaction: qualitative research implications for luxury hotels
Authors: Lu Carol , Berchoux Celine , Marek Michael W. , Chen Brendan
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper was to determine whether luxury hotel managers and customers have the same understanding of service quality and satisfaction and whether there is a disparity between services offered by luxury hotels and the way customers actually experience them.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper used interviews with managers and guests of 5-Star hotels in Taiwan and qualitative analysis to understand definitions and perceptions of luxury, service quality and satisfaction.

Findings

– The major findings of the study were that: there were no fundamental disconnects in the respective understandings of managers and guests; however, the two groups used different language to describe luxury, service quality and satisfaction; the managers evaluated satisfaction in terms of services provided, but the guests conceptualized satisfaction in terms of value received for the price of lodging; and luxury, service quality and satisfaction were closely related in the minds of the managers and guests and were not independent constructs.

Research limitations/implications

– Recommendations are made based on marketing communications theory, that is all factors identified in this study can be considered to be part of the brand identity of the hotel; local culture can introduce variables that may be outside the scope of international standards; and information on local expectations and preferences can inform advertising and public relations efforts of the hotel.

Originality/value

– This study is significant because little research into luxury hotel customer satisfaction has been done using qualitative methodology, which provides a richer understanding of the experiences of the participants than can quantitative design.
Developing sustainable societies – a dialogical network perspective
Authors: Ingulfsvann Are S. , Jakobsen Ove , Nystad Øystein
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss how and to what extent creative dialogue processes can have an impact on regional political planning processes in Norway. Politicians at Nordland County invited representatives from six different regions in Nordland to participate in café dialogues.

Design/methodology/approach

– The empirical material is collected from café-dialogues in Northern Norway in which representatives from civil society, business organizations, local government, and NGOs participated. The data processing is based on triangulation of hermeneutic interpretation, frequencies, and factor analysis.

Findings

– The findings indicate that most people want a “greener” future; this can be described as sustainable societies based on ecological production, distribution, consumption, and redistribution. People take on a more radical position in their ideas about the future than most politicians. The factor analysis grouped the participants into the following categories; “Ecological economics”, “Small is beautiful”, “Entrepreneurs”, and “Growth and control”. A large number of the participants are categorized either as “Circulation economics” or “Small is beautiful”.

Practical implications

– To solve the challenges of modern society politicians can instigate more radical solutions than they are in the habit of doing. The participants in the café dialogues describe fundamental changes in order to attain viable local societies per 2030.

Originality/value

– In this paper the authors demonstrate that cultural creatives in the USA give a relevant context for interpreting attitudes to change in small societies in Northern Norway.
A day in the life of a peer support worker: the ward reviews
Authors: Watson Emma
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to share the experiences and reflections of a Peer Support Worker over the course of a day working within mental health services.

Design/methodology/approach

– A narrative approach has been taken to structure reflections based on the experience of attending a series of reviews on an acute mental health ward.

Findings

– The experience of attending ward reviews creates reflections based on how this system affects and challenges both those who are served by it and those work within it.

Originality/value

– This paper adds to the small number of accounts of the experiences of Peer Support Working in mental health services and as such is highly original.
A point of view: it’s time to stop neglecting community mental health teams
Authors: Watkeys Flippa , Morton Suzanne
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to argue that recent attention has been focused on inpatient services at the expense of community mental health teams and that it is time to redress the balance.

Design/methodology/approach

– This is a personal viewpoint.

Findings

– In writing this piece it has enabled us to focus on just how widespread the issues are regarding the lack of focus on community services, and that the view and paradigm needs to change on all levels/structures. Services need to recognise the wide scope of community services and the part they inevitably play in someone’s recovery journey. It also throws the spotlight on services working too often in silos deeply affecting people in receipt of the services.

Originality/value

– To stimulate debate about the role of community mental health teams.
The relationship between microhabitat use, allometry and functional variation in the eyes of Hawaiian Megalagrion damselflies
Authors: Scales Jeffrey A. , Butler Marguerite A.
Published: May 2015

The evolution of visual systems is guided by visual requirements imposed by the environment, the size of the animal's eyes, and physical limitations imposed by the resolution‐sensitivity trade‐off. Given a particular eye surface area, resolution and sensitivity cannot be simultaneously maximized: gains in resolution, the ability of the eye to detect detail, will come at the cost of sensitivity, the ability to capture photons, and vice versa, without an increase to eye size. How this constraint interacts with ecology and whether it allows the fine‐tuning of the visual system to smaller scale habitat heterogeneity remains an understudied question in visual ecology.

Here, we use closely‐related species of damselflies in the Hawaiian genus Megalagrion which differ in ecology to test whether variation in the resolution‐sensitivity trade‐off is the evolutionary result of scaling or differences in microhabitat use. We use regression analyses and phylogenetic comparative methods to examine the effects of size and microhabitat use on traits related to light sensitivity and visual resolution.

We find that eye size is tightly associated with body size in these damselflies, but other visual morphology traits related to light sensitivity and resolution are associated with microhabitat type. Furthermore, size and morphology relationships vary across microhabitats, and performance related to resolution tends to be more conserved than to variation in light sensitivity.

Additionally, smaller species in visually challenging microhabitats have more regionalized eyes than species with larger eyes in open, well‐lit areas. Thus, regionalization of the eye allows a decoupling of size and morphology/performance so that even small insect species can exploit visually challenging habitats.

These results suggest that variation in visual performance results from changes in eye geometry as well as size. These morphological changes are likely adaptive to differences in microhabitat, indicating that variation in microhabitat use, even at small scales, can play an important role in the evolution of visual systems.