bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary habits of Samoan adults in an urban Australian setting: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Perkins Kym C , Ware Robert , Felise Tautalasoo Lemalu , Stanley Ranandy , Scanlan-Savelio Lote , Schubert Lisa
Published: August 2015

Objective

To describe key characteristics of the dietary habits of Samoans residing in Logan, Queensland and to compare these characteristics with comparable populations.

Design

Dietary intake was measured using a self-administered structured questionnaire between December 2012 and March 2013. Demographic characteristics included age and sex. Questionnaire results were compared with data from samples of Brisbane residents of similar social and economic characteristics and Pacific Islanders in New Zealand. The association between demographic characteristics and diet was investigated.

Setting

Logan, Queensland, Australia.

Subjects

Samoans aged 16 years and older.

Results

A total of 207 Samoans participated, ninety-six (46 %) of whom were male. Of the participants, seventy-nine (38 %) were aged 16–29 years, sixty-three (30 %) were aged 30–49 years and sixty-five (31 %) were aged ≥50 years. Younger adults were significantly more likely to eat hamburgers, pizza, cakes, savoury pastries, potato crisps, sweets and soft drinks (all variablesP<0·001). Among Samoans, 44·7 % consumed two or more pieces of fruit daily, compared with 43·8 % of comparable Brisbane residents (relative risk=1·0; 95 % CI 0·8, 1·2). Three or more servings of vegetables each day were consumed by 9·2 % of Samoans compared with 36·6 % of comparable Brisbane residents (relative risk=3·8; 95 % CI 2·5, 6·0).

Conclusions

Samoans are consuming significantly fewer vegetables and more discretionary foods than other populations. Socio-economic factors, length of stay in Australia and cultural practices may impact upon Samoans’ diets. Further comprehensive studies on Samoans’ dietary habits in Australia are recommended.
DESIGN OF A NANOTORI-METALLOFULLERENE LOGIC GATE
Authors: LEE RICHARD K. F. , HILL JAMES M.
Published: August 2015

We investigate the mechanics of a nano logic gate, comprising a metallofullerene which is located inside a square-shaped single-walled carbon nanotorus involving non-metallic, single-walled carbon nanotubes with perfect nanotoroidal corners. These are highly novel and speculative nanodevices whose construction, no doubt, involves many technical challenges. The energy for the system is obtained from the 6–12 Lennard-Jones potential with the continuous approximation. Our approach shows that there is not much difference between the energy when the metallofullerene is located in the tubes compared to when it is at the corners, and therefore the metallofullerene may be controlled by a small voltage. By applying two voltage inputs to produce external electric fields, one for the left–right motion and the other for the top–bottom motion, the metallofullerene can be moved to one of the four corners. Assuming that at the four corners there are charge detectors, the proposed device can be designed as a logic gate with different signals corresponding to particular gates.
A multilayer dual wideband circularly polarized microstrip antenna with DGS for WLAN/Bluetooth/ZigBee/Wi-Max/ IMT band applications
Authors: Kaur Amanpreet , Khanna Rajesh , Kartikeyan Machavaram
Published: August 2015

In this paper, a three layered stacked circularly polarized rectangular dual band microstrip antenna with a defected ground structure (DGS) and a feed network with stub (showing dual wideband characteristic) is designed, fabricated, and tested for WLAN, Zig bee, Wi-Max, and IMT band applications. The proposed antenna is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with dielectric constant (εr) of 4.4; tanδ of 0.0024 and a height of 1.57 mm.The antenna has a surface area of 4.8 × 4.1 cm2and a total height of 5.1 mm. The designed antenna covers two wireless bands from 2.39 to 2.64GHz and 3.39–3.76 GHZ with impedance bandwidths (VSWR < 2) of 250 MHz (9% bandwidth centered at 2.515 GHz) and 370 MHz (10% bandwidth centered at 3.57 GHz), respectively. This antenna is capable of covering IEEE 802.11b/g/n standards of WLAN from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz, bluetooth applications from 2.4 to 2.483 GHz, ZigBee applications from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz, IEEE 802.16/ Wi-MaX applications from 3.4 to 3.69 GHz and international mobile telecommunications (IMT) band from 3.4 to 3.6 GHz. As the antenna is circularly polarized, the misalignment of the receiver with transmitter does not affect the performance of the system. The antenna designing was done using CST MWS V'10 and the prototype of the designed antenna was tested for the validation of S11(dB) and gain results against the simulated ones experimentally. The proposed antenna shows a gain of 4.08 dBi at 2.5 GHz and a gain of 5.024 dBi at 3.51 GHz.
The Role of Values in Attitudes towards Violence: Discrimination against Moroccans and Romanian Gypsies in Spain
Authors: Álvaro José Luis , Morais de Oliveira Thiago , Torres Ana Raquel Rosas , Pereira Cicero , Garrido Alicia , Camino Leoncio
Published: August 2015

The first objective of this study was to investigate whether police violence is more tolerated when the victim is a member of a social minority (e.g., Moroccan immigrants and Romanian Gypsies in Spain) than when the victim is a member of the social majority (e.g., Spaniards). The second objective was to use Schwartz value theory to examine the moderating role of values on attitudes towards tolerance of police violence. The participants were 207 sociology and social work students from a public university in Madrid. Overall, in this study, police violence was more accepted when the victim was a member of a social minority; F(2, 206) = 77.91, p = .001, ηp2 = 0.433, and in general, values moderated this acceptance. Thus, greater adherence to the conservation and self-promotion values subsystems would strengthen support for police violence towards a social minority member. On the other hand, greater adherence to the openness to change and self-transcendence subsystems diminish this support.
Social Networks and Port Traffic in Early Modern Overseas Trade
Authors: Erikson Emily , Samila Sampsa
Published: August 2015

Individuals engaged in overseas trade in the early modern period often faced high levels of uncertainty regarding their prospects for trade. One way of managing uncertainty is to gather information from others through social interactions, that is, through social networks. Here we consider how social ties impacted trade patterns by analyzing the relationship between port traffic and early modern ship captains’ exposure to information about ports using informal relations. We consider the possible impact of strong and weak ties and the use of ties under different types of uncertainty. The analysis suggests that social networks encouraged trade at port cities with already high rates of traffic, though this effect is less pronounced than for other means through which information was distributed throughout the trade system.
Great Migration of African Americans to Hartford, Connecticut, 1910–1930: A GIS Analysis at the Neighborhood and Street Level
Authors: Schlichting Kurt , Tuckel Peter , Maisel Richard
Published: August 2015

The Great Migration of African Americans from the South at the beginning of the twentieth century had an enormous impact on cities in the Midwest and North including Hartford, Connecticut. This study examines the movement of African Americans to Hartford at the neighborhood and street level. The new arrivals, many from Georgia recruited to work in the Connecticut River valley tobacco farms, joined long-established African American residents of Hartford. A geographic information system (GIS) analysis at the street level illustrates residential differences within the African American community based on place of birth, socioeconomic status, and voting. In the north end of Hartford migrants from Georgia and Eastern European immigrants, for a moment in historical time, shared residential space at the street level. However the Eastern European immigrants had higher occupation status and moved out of the North End neighborhoods, which became increasingly racially segregated as the Great Migration continued.
A Guide to Writing an AGU Abstract
Authors: Anania Victoria
Published: August 2015

Thinking of an abstract as a miniature scientific paper and its creation as a series of simple steps can ease becoming a presenter at an AGU meeting.
Reduced Middle East Air Pollution Linked to Societal Disruption
Authors: Wendel JoAnna
Published: August 2015

Invasions, armed conflict, sanctions, and economic distress correlate with cleaner air in high-resolution satellite data that reveal air quality at the individual city level.
TLR3 drives IRF6‐dependent IL‐23p19 expression and p19/EBI3 heterodimer formation in keratinocytes
Authors: Ramnath Divya , Tunny Kathryn , Hohenhaus Daniel M , Pitts Claire M , Bergot Anne‐Sophie , Hogarth P Mark , Hamilton John A , Kapetanovic Ronan , Sturm Richard A , Scholz Glen M , Sweet Matthew J
Published: August 2015

Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family members impart cell‐type specificity to toll‐like receptor (TLR) signalling, and we recently identified a role for IRF6 in TLR2 signalling in epithelial cells. TLR3 has a well‐characterized role in wound healing in the skin, and here, we examined TLR3‐dependent IRF6 functions in human keratinocytes. Primary keratinocytes responded robustly to the TLR3 agonist poly(IC) with upregulation of mRNAs for interferon‐β (IFN‐β), the interleukin‐12 (IL‐12) family member IL‐23p19 and the chemokines IL‐8 and chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5). Silencing of IRF6 expression enhanced poly(IC)‐inducible IFN‐β mRNA levels and inhibited poly(IC)‐inducible IL‐23p19 mRNA expression in primary keratinocytes. Consistent with these data, co‐transfection of IRF6 increased poly(IC)‐inducible IL‐23p19 promoter activity, but inhibited poly(IC)‐inducible IFN‐β promoter activity in reporter assays. Surprisingly, poly(IC) did not regulate IL‐12p40 expression in keratinocytes, suggesting that TLR3‐inducible IL‐23p19 may have an IL‐23‐independent function in these cells. The only other IL‐12 family member that was strongly poly(IC) inducible was EBI3, which has not been shown to heterodimerize with IL‐23p19. Both co‐immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays revealed that IL‐23p19 and EBI3 interact in cells. Co‐expression of IL‐23p19 and EBI3, as compared with IL‐23p19 alone, resulted in increased levels of secreted IL‐23p19, implying a functional role for this heterodimer. In summary, we report that IRF6 regulates a subset of TLR3 responses in human keratinocytes, including the production of a novel IL‐12 family heterodimer (p19/EBI3). We propose that the TLR3‐IRF6‐p19/EBI3 axis may regulate keratinocyte and/or immune cell functions in the context of cell damage and wound healing in the skin.
Metabolic footprint of epiphytic bacteria on Arabidopsis thaliana leaves
Authors: Ryffel Florian , Helfrich Eric J N , Kiefer Patrick , Peyriga Lindsay , Portais Jean-Charles , Piel Jörn , Vorholt Julia A
Published: August 2015

The phyllosphere, which is defined as the parts of terrestrial plants above the ground, is a large habitat for different microorganisms that show a high extent of adaption to their environment. A number of hypotheses were generated by culture-independent functional genomics studies to explain the competitiveness of specialized bacteria in the phyllosphere. In contrast, in situ data at the metabolome level as a function of bacterial colonization are lacking. Here, we aimed to obtain new insights into the metabolic interplay between host and epiphytes upon colonization of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves in a controlled laboratory setting using environmental metabolomics approaches. Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and imaging high-resolution mass spectrometry (IMS) methods were used to identify Arabidopsis leaf surface compounds and their possible involvement in the epiphytic lifestyle by relative changes in compound pools. The dominant carbohydrates on the leaf surfaces were sucrose, fructose and glucose. These sugars were significantly and specifically altered after epiphytic leaf colonization by the organoheterotroph Sphingomonas melonis or the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, but only to a minor extent by the methylotroph Methylobacterium extorquens. In addition to carbohydrates, IMS revealed surprising alterations in arginine metabolism and phytoalexin biosynthesis that were dependent on the presence of bacteria, which might reflect the consequences of bacterial activity and the recognition of not only pathogens but also commensals by the plant. These results highlight the power of environmental metabolomics to aid in elucidating the molecular basis underlying plant–epiphyte interactions in situ.
Rapid host switching in generalist Campylobacter strains erodes the signal for tracing human infections
Authors: Dearlove Bethany L , Cody Alison J , Pascoe Ben , Méric Guillaume , Wilson Daniel J , Sheppard Samuel K
Published: August 2015

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the biggest causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world, with human infections typically arising from zoonotic transmission associated with infected meat. Because Campylobacter is not thought to survive well outside the gut, host-associated populations are genetically isolated to varying degrees. Therefore, the likely origin of most strains can be determined by host-associated variation in the genome. This is instructive for characterizing the source of human infection. However, some common strains, notably isolates belonging to the ST-21, ST-45 and ST-828 clonal complexes, appear to have broad host ranges, hindering source attribution. Here whole-genome sequencing has the potential to reveal fine-scale genetic structure associated with host specificity. We found that rates of zoonotic transmission among animal host species in these clonal complexes were so high that the signal of host association is all but obliterated, estimating one zoonotic transmission event every 1.6, 1.8 and 12 years in the ST-21, ST-45 and ST828 complexes, respectively. We attributed 89% of clinical cases to a chicken source, 10% to cattle and 1% to pig. Our results reveal that common strains of C. jejuni and C. coli infectious to humans are adapted to a generalist lifestyle, permitting rapid transmission between different hosts. Furthermore, they show that the weak signal of host association within these complexes presents a challenge for pinpointing the source of clinical infections, underlining the view that whole-genome sequencing, powerful though it is, cannot substitute for intensive sampling of suspected transmission reservoirs.
Wet-chemical synthesis and applications of non-layer structured two-dimensional nanomaterials
Authors: Tan Chaoliang , Zhang Hua
Published: August 2015

Non-layer structured nanomaterials with single- or few-layer thickness have two-dimensional sheet-like structures and possess intriguing properties. Recent years have seen major advances in development of a host of non-layer structured ultrathin two-dimensional nanomaterials such as noble metals, metal oxides and metal chalcogenides. The wet-chemical synthesis has emerged as the most promising route towards high-yield and mass production of such nanomaterials. These nanomaterials are now finding increasing applications in a wide range of areas including catalysis, energy production and storage, sensor and nanotherapy, to name but a few.
Acoustic metamaterial for subwavelength edge detection
Authors: Molerón Miguel , Daraio Chiara
Published: August 2015

Metamaterials have demonstrated the possibility to produce super-resolved images by restoring propagative and evanescent waves. However, for efficient information transfer, for example, in compressed sensing, it is often desirable to visualize only the fast spatial variations of the wave field (carried by evanescent waves), as the one created by edges or small details. Image processing edge detection algorithms perform such operation, but they add time and complexity to the imaging process. Here we present an acoustic metamaterial that transmits only components of the acoustic field that are approximately equal to or smaller than the operating wavelength. The metamaterial converts evanescent waves into propagative waves exciting trapped resonances, and it uses periodicity to attenuate the propagative components. This approach achieves resolutions ∼5 times smaller than the operating wavelength and makes it possible to visualize independently edges aligned along different directions.
Tuning of Ranvier node and internode properties in myelinated axons to adjust action potential timing
Authors: Ford Marc C. , Alexandrova Olga , Cossell Lee , Stange-Marten Annette , Sinclair James , Kopp-Scheinpflug Conny , Pecka Michael , Attwell David , Grothe Benedikt
Published: August 2015

Action potential timing is fundamental to information processing; however, its determinants are not fully understood. Here we report unexpected structural specializations in the Ranvier nodes and internodes of auditory brainstem axons involved in sound localization. Myelination properties deviated significantly from the traditionally assumed structure. Axons responding best to low-frequency sounds had a larger diameter than high-frequency axons but, surprisingly, shorter internodes. Simulations predicted that this geometry helps to adjust the conduction velocity and timing of action potentials within the circuit. Electrophysiological recordings in vitro and in vivo confirmed higher conduction velocities in low-frequency axons. Moreover, internode length decreased and Ranvier node diameter increased progressively along the distal axon segments, which simulations show was essential to ensure precisely timed depolarization of the giant calyx of Held presynaptic terminal. Thus, individual anatomical parameters of myelinated axons can be tuned to optimize pathways involved in temporal processing.
Atomically controlled substitutional boron-doping of graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Kawai Shigeki , Saito Shohei , Osumi Shinichiro , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Foster Adam S. , Spijker Peter , Meyer Ernst
Published: August 2015

Boron is a unique element in terms of electron deficiency and Lewis acidity. Incorporation of boron atoms into an aromatic carbon framework offers a wide variety of functionality. However, the intrinsic instability of organoboron compounds against moisture and oxygen has delayed the development. Here, we present boron-doped graphene nanoribbons (B-GNRs) of widths ofN=7, 14 and 21 by on-surface chemical reactions with an employed organoboron precursor. The location of the boron dopant is well defined in the centre of the B-GNR, corresponding to 4.8 atom%, as programmed. The chemical reactivity of B-GNRs is probed by the adsorption of nitric oxide (NO), which is most effectively trapped by the boron sites, demonstrating the Lewis acid character. Structural properties and the chemical nature of the NO-reacted B-GNR are determined by a combination of scanning tunnelling microscopy, high-resolution atomic force microscopy with a CO tip, and density functional and classical computations.
Materials Prediction via Classification Learning
Authors: Balachandran Prasanna V. , Theiler James , Rondinelli James M. , Lookman Turab
Published: August 2015

In the paradigm of materials informatics for accelerated materials discovery, the choice of feature set (i.e. attributes that capture aspects of structure, chemistry and/or bonding) is critical. Ideally, the feature sets should provide a simple physical basis for extracting major structural and chemical trends and furthermore, enable rapid predictions of new material chemistries. Orbital radii calculated from model pseudopotential fits to spectroscopic data are potential candidates to satisfy these conditions. Although these radii (and their linear combinations) have been utilized in the past, their functional forms are largely justified with heuristic arguments. Here we show that machine learning methods naturally uncover the functional forms that mimic most frequently used features in the literature, thereby providing a mathematical basis for feature set construction without a priori assumptions. We apply these principles to study two broad materials classes: (i) wide band gap AB compounds and (ii) rare earth-main group RM intermetallics. The AB compounds serve as a prototypical example to demonstrate our approach, whereas the RM intermetallics show how these concepts can be used to rapidly design new ductile materials. Our predictive models indicate that ScCo, ScIr and YCd should be ductile, whereas each was previously proposed to be brittle.
Glyceraldehyde caused Alzheimer’s disease-like alterations in diagnostic marker levels in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Koriyama Yoshiki , Furukawa Ayako , Muramatsu Michiru , Takino Jun-ichi , Takeuchi Masayoshi
Published: August 2015

Clinical evidence has implicated diabetes mellitus as one of the risk factors for the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the neurotoxic pathway activated due to abnormalities in glucose metabolism has not yet been identified in AD. In order to investigate the relationship between impaired cerebral glucose metabolism and the pathophysiology of AD, SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were exposed to glyceraldehyde (GA), an inhibitor of glycolysis. GA induced the production of GA-derived advanced glycation end-products (GA-AGEs) and cell apoptosis, glycolytic inhibition, decreases in the medium concentrations of diagnostic markers of AD, such as amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ42) and increases in tau phosphorylation. These results suggest that the production of GA-AGEs and/or inhibition of glycolysis induce AD-like alterations and this model may be useful for examining the pathophysiology of AD.
Glycosyltransferase ST6GAL1 contributes to the regulation of pluripotency in human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Wang Yu-Chieh , Stein Jason W. , Lynch Candace L. , Tran Ha T. , Lee Chia-Yao , Coleman Ronald , Hatch Adam , Antontsev Victor G. , Chy Hun S. , O’Brien Carmel M. , Murthy Shashi K. , Laslett Andrew L. , Peterson Suzanne E. , Loring Jeanne F.
Published: August 2015

Many studies have suggested the significance of glycosyltransferase-mediated macromolecule glycosylation in the regulation of pluripotent states in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Here, we observed that the sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 was preferentially expressed in undifferentiated hPSCs compared to non-pluripotent cells. A lectin which preferentially recognizes α-2,6 sialylated galactosides showed strong binding reactivity with undifferentiated hPSCs and their glycoproteins and did so to a much lesser extent with differentiated cells. In addition, downregulation of ST6GAL1 in undifferentiated hPSCs led to a decrease in POU5F1 (also known as OCT4) protein and significantly altered the expression of many genes that orchestrate cell morphogenesis during differentiation. The induction of cellular pluripotency in somatic cells was substantially impeded by the shRNA-mediated suppression of ST6GAL1, partially through interference with the expression of endogenous POU5F1 and SOX2. Targeting ST6GAL1 activity with a sialyltransferase inhibitor during cell reprogramming resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Collectively, our data indicate that ST6GAL1 plays an important role in the regulation of pluripotency and differentiation in hPSCs and the pluripotent state in human cells can be modulated using pharmacological tools to target sialyltransferase activity.
Left brain cortical activity modulates stress effects on social behavior
Authors: Lee Eunee , Hong Jiso , Park Young-Gyun , Chae Sujin , Kim Yong , Kim Daesoo
Published: August 2015

When subjected to stress, some individuals develop maladaptive symptoms whereas others retain normal behavior. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is known to control these adaptive responses to stress. Here, we show that mPFC neurons in the left hemisphere control stress effects on social behavior. Mice made socially avoidant by the stress of chronic social defeats showed depressed neural activity in the left mPFC. Photoactivation of these neurons reversed social avoidance and restored social activity. Despite social defeats, resilient mice with normal sociability showed normal firing rates in the left mPFC; however, photoinhibition of these neurons induced social avoidance. The same photomodulation administered to the right mPFC caused no significant effects. These results explain how stressed individuals develop maladaptive behaviors through left cortical depression, as reported in mood and anxiety disorders.
Wave trains induced by circularly polarized electric fields in cardiac tissues
Authors: Feng Xia , Gao Xiang , Tang Juan-Mei , Pan Jun-Ting , Zhang Hong
Published: August 2015

Clinically, cardiac fibrillation caused by spiral and turbulent waves can be terminated by globally resetting electric activity in cardiac tissues with a single high-voltage electric shock, but it is usually associated with severe side effects. Presently, a promising alternative uses wave emission from heterogeneities induced by a sequence of low-voltage uniform electric field pulses. Nevertheless, this method can only emit waves locally near obstacles in turbulent waves and thereby requires multiple obstacles to globally synchronize myocardium and thus to terminate fibrillation. Here we propose a new approach using wave emission from heterogeneities induced by a low-voltage circularly polarized electric field (i.e., a rotating uniform electric field). We find that, this approach can generate circular wave trains near obstacles and they propagate outwardly. We study the characteristics of such circular wave trains and further find that, the higher-frequency circular wave trains can effectively suppress spiral turbulence.
Quantum Nonlocality of Arbitrary Dimensional Bipartite States
Authors: Li Ming , Zhang Tinggui , Hua Bobo , Fei Shao-Ming , Li-Jost Xianqing
Published: August 2015

We study the nonlocality of arbitrary dimensional bipartite quantum states. By computing the maximal violation of a set of multi-setting Bell inequalities, an analytical and computable lower bound has been derived for general two-qubit states. This bound gives the necessary condition that a two-qubit state admits no local hidden variable models. The lower bound is shown to be better than that from the CHSH inequality in judging the nonlocality of some quantum states. The results are generalized to the case of high dimensional quantum states and a sufficient condition for detecting the non-locality has been presented.
Role of initial system-bath correlation on coherence trapping
Authors: Zhang Ying-Jie , Han Wei , Xia Yun-Jie , Yu Yan-Mei , Fan Heng
Published: August 2015

We study the coherence trapping of a qubit correlated initially with a non-Markovian bath in a pure dephasing channel. By considering the initial qubit-bath correlation and the bath spectral density, we find that the initial qubit-bath correlation can lead to a more efficient coherence trapping than that of the initially separable qubit-bath state. The stationary coherence in the long time limit can be maximized by optimizing the parameters of the initially correlated qubit-bath state and the bath spectral density. In addition, the effects of this initial correlation on the maximal evolution speed for the qubit trapped to its stationary coherence state are also explored.
High density linkage mapping of genomic and transcriptomic SNPs for synteny analysis and anchoring the genome sequence of chickpea
Authors: Gaur Rashmi , Jeena Ganga , Shah Niraj , Gupta Shefali , Pradhan Seema , Tyagi Akhilesh K , Jain Mukesh , Chattopadhyay Debasis , Bhatia Sabhyata
Published: August 2015

This study presents genome-wide discovery of SNPs through next generation sequencing of the genome of Cicer reticulatum. Mapping of the C. reticulatum sequenced reads onto the draft genome assembly of C. arietinum (desi chickpea) resulted in identification of 842,104 genomic SNPs which were utilized along with an additional 36,446 genic SNPs identified from transcriptome sequences of the aforementioned varieties. Two new chickpea Oligo Pool All (OPAs) each having 3,072 SNPs were designed and utilized for SNP genotyping of 129 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs). Using Illumina GoldenGate Technology genotyping data of 5,041 SNPs were generated and combined with the 1,673 marker data from previously published studies, to generate a high resolution linkage map. The map comprised of 6698 markers distributed on eight linkage groups spanning 1083.93 cM with an average inter-marker distance of 0.16 cM. Utility of the present map was demonstrated for improving the anchoring of the earlier reported draft genome sequence of desi chickpea by ~30% and that of kabuli chickpea by 18%. The genetic map reported in this study represents the most dense linkage map of chickpea , with the potential to facilitate efficient anchoring of the draft genome sequences of desi as well as kabuli chickpea varieties.
Histone demethylase JMJD3 is required for osteoblast differentiation in mice
Authors: Zhang Feng , Xu Longyong , Xu Longxia , Xu Qing , Karsenty Gerard , Chen Charlie Degui
Published: August 2015

JMJD3 (KDM6B) is an H3K27me3 demethylases and emerges as an important player in developmental processes. Although some evidence indicated the involvement of JMJD3 in osteoblast differentiation in vitro, its role as a whole in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in vivo remains unknown. Here we showed that homozygous deletion of Jmjd3 resulted in severe delay of osteoblast differentiation and bone ossification in mice. By biochemical and genetical methods, we demonstrated that JMJD3 mediated RUNX2 transcriptional activity and cooperated with RUNX2 to promote osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in vivo. These results strongly demonstrated that JMJD3 is required for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in mice.
UCP-3 uncoupling protein confers hypoxia resistance to renal epithelial cells and is upregulated in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Braun Norbert , Klumpp Dominik , Hennenlotter Jörg , Bedke Jens , Duranton Christophe , Bleif Martin , Huber Stephan M.
Published: August 2015

Tumor cells can adapt to a hostile environment with reduced oxygen supply. The present study aimed to identify mechanisms that confer hypoxia resistance. Partially hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-resistant proximal tubular (PT) cells were selected by exposing PT cultures to repetitive cycles of H/R. Thereafter, H/R-induced changes in mRNA and protein expression, inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), formation of superoxide and cell death were compared between H/R-adapted and control PT cultures. As a result, H/R-adapted PT cells exhibited lower H/R-induced hyperpolarization of ΔΨm and produced less superoxide than the control cultures. Consequently, H/R triggered ΔΨm break-down and DNA degradation in a lower percentage of H/R-adapted than control PT cells. Moreover, H/R induced upregulation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein-3 (UCP-3) in H/R-adapted PT but not in control cultures. In addition, ionizing radiation killed a lower percentage of H/R-adapted as compared to control cells suggestive of an H/R-radiation cross-resistance developed by the selection procedure. Knockdown of UCP-3 decreased H/R- and radioresitance of the H/R-adapted cells. Finally, UCP-3 protein abundance of PT-derived clear cell renal cell carcinoma and normal renal tissue was compared in human specimens indicating upregulation of UCP-3 during tumor development. Combined, our data suggest functional significance of UCP-3 for H/R resistance.
Localized Tail States and Electron Mobility in Amorphous ZnON Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Lee Sungsik , Nathan Arokia , Ye Yan , Guo Yuzheng , Robertson John
Published: August 2015

The density of localized tail states in amorphous ZnON (a-ZnON) thin film transistors (TFTs) is deduced from the measured current-voltage characteristics. The extracted values of tail state density at the conduction band minima (Ntc) and its characteristic energy (kTt) are about 2 × 1020 cm−3eV−1 and 29 meV, respectively, suggesting trap-limited conduction prevails at room temperature. Based on trap-limited conduction theory where these tail state parameters are considered, electron mobility is accurately retrieved using a self-consistent extraction method along with the scaling factor ‘1/(α + 1)’ associated with trapping events at the localized tail states. Additionally, it is found that defects, e.g. oxygen and/or nitrogen vacancies, can be ionized under illumination with hv ≫ Eg, leading to very mild persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in a-ZnON TFTs.
HCRP-1 regulates cell migration and invasion via EGFR-ERK mediated up-regulation of MMP-2 with prognostic significance in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Feifei , Deng Junpeng , Liu Xin , Li Wang , Zheng Junnian
Published: August 2015

Previous studies indicated a role of hepatocellular carcinoma-related protein-1(HCRP-1) in human cancers, however, its expression pattern in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the molecular mechanism of HCRP-1 on cancer progression have not been characterized. In the present study, HCRP-1 expression was examined in a RCC tissue microarray. The negative expression of HCRP-1 was significantly correlated with tumor grade (P = 0.002), TNM stage (P = 0.001) and pT status (P = 0.003). Furthermore, we showed a strong correlation between negative HCRP-1 expression and worse overall and disease-specific survival (P = 0.0003 and P = 0.0012, respectively). Knockdown of HCRP-1 promoted cell migration and invasion in 786-O and OS-RC-2 cell lines. HCRP-1 depletion increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 protein level, with increased extracellular signal-regulatedkinase (ERK) phosphorylation, which could be reversed by ERK siRNA or ERK inhibitor, PD98059. Further analysis showed that HCRP-1 knockdown induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation. Treatment with EGFR inhibitor or EGFR siRNA blocked HCRP-1-mediated up-regulation of EGFR, ERK phosphorylation and MMP-2 expression. In summary, our results showed that negative HCRP-1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for RCC patients and promotes migration and invasion by EGFR-ERK-mediated up-regulation of MMP-2. HCRP-1 may serve as a therapeutic target for RCC.
Role of phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase in regulating simvastatin-activated endothelial nitric oxide synthase
Authors: Hou Hsin-Han , Liao Yi-Jen , Hsiao Sheng-Huang , Shyue Song-Kun , Lee Tzong-Shyuan
Published: August 2015

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has C-terminal epoxide hydrolase and N-terminal lipid phosphatase activity. Its hydrolase activity is associated with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) dysfunction. However, little is known about the role of sEH phosphatase in regulating eNOS activity. Simvastatin, a clinical lipid-lowering drug, also has a pleiotropic effect on eNOS activation. However, whether sEH phosphatase is involved in simvastatin-activated eNOS activity remains elusive. We investigated the role of sEH phosphatase activity in simvastatin-mediated activation of eNOS in endothelial cells (ECs). Simvastain increased the phosphatase activity of sEH, which was diminished by pharmacological inhibitors of sEH phosphatase. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of sEH phosphatase or overexpressing the inactive phosphatase domain of sEH enhanced simvastatin-induced NO bioavailability, tube formation and phosphorylation of eNOS, Akt and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In contrast, overexpressing the phosphatase domain of sEH limited the simvastatin-increased NO biosynthesis and eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1179. Simvastatin evoked epidermal growth factor receptor–c-Src–increased Tyr phosphorylation of sEH and formation of an sEH–Akt–AMPK–eNOS complex, which was abolished by the c-Src kinase inhibitor PP1 or c-Src dominant-negative mutant K298M. These findings suggest that sEH phosphatase activity negatively regulates simvastatin-activated eNOS by impeding the Akt–AMPK–eNOS signaling cascade.
Dysfunction of the frontolimbic region during swear word processing in young adolescents with Internet gaming disorder
Authors: Chun J-W , Choi J , Cho H , Lee S-K , Kim D J
Published: August 2015

Although the Internet is an important tool in our daily life, the control of Internet use is necessary to address difficult problems. This study set out with the aim of assessing the cognitive control of affective events in Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and has examined the influence of IGD on neural activities with regard to swear words in young adolescents. We demonstrated the differences between adolescents with IGD and healthy control adolescents (HC) with respect to swear, negative and neutral word conditions. Swear words induced more activation in regions related to social interaction and emotional processing such as the superior temporal sulcus, right temporoparietal junction and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) when compared with negative words. In this study, adolescents with IGD exhibited reduced activation in the right OFC related to cognitive control and in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) related to social rejection during the swear word condition. In addition, adolescents with IGD were negatively correlated with activity in the right amygdala toward swear words, indicating the important role of the amygdala in the control of aggression in adolescents with IGD. These findings enhance our understanding of social–emotional perception in adolescents with IGD.
Depth resolution at organic interfaces sputtered by argon gas cluster ions: the effect of energy, angle and cluster size
Authors: Seah M. P. , Spencer S. J. , Havelund R. , Gilmore I. S. , Shard A. G.
Published: August 2015

This paper presents, for the first time, the different operating parameters defining the best depth resolution in SIMS organic analysis.
Rapid and selective extraction of multiple sulfonamides from aqueous samples based on Fe3O4–chitosan molecularly imprinted polymers
Authors: Qin Shili , Su Liqiang , Wang Peng , Gao Yuan
Published: August 2015

A highly selective MIP-MDSPE/HPLC method for fast extraction and determination of seven SAs.
Control of the rheological properties of clay nanosheet hydrogels with a guanidinium-attached calix[4]arene binder
Authors: Lee Ji Ha , Kim Chaelin , Jung Jong Hwa
Published: August 2015

The CNS hydrogels prepared by combining calix[4]arene1with dispersed CNS surrounded with ASSP showed an enhancement of mechanical properties such as viscosity and elasticity.
Investigation of the terahertz vibrational modes of ZIF-8 and ZIF-90 with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Authors: Tan Nicholas Y. , Ruggiero Michael T. , Orellana-Tavra Claudia , Tian Tian , Bond Andrew D. , Korter Timothy M. , Fairen-Jimenez David , Axel Zeitler J.
Published: August 2015

We present experimental and computational evidence that gate-opening modes for zeolitic imidazole frameworks can be observed at terahertz frequencies.
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of tetrahydropyridazines via inverse electron-demand aza-Diels–Alder reaction of enol ethers with azoalkenes
Authors: Wei Liang , Wang Chun-Jiang
Published: August 2015

A highly efficient catalytic asymmetric IEDDA reaction of azoalkenes with enol ethers is reported. This methodology provides a facile entry to biologically important tetrahydropyridazines in good yield with good to excellent ee.
Anisotropic displacement parameters from dispersion-corrected DFT methods and their experimental validation by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction
Authors: George Janine , Wang Ai , Deringer Volker L. , Wang Ruimin , Dronskowski Richard , Englert Ulli
Published: August 2015

How reliably can anisotropic displacement parameters be derived from theory? Experiments and computations on pentachloropyridine shed new light on this question.
Enhanced surface hydrophilicity of thin-film composite membranes for nanofiltration: an experimental and DFT study
Authors: Lv Zhiwei , Hu Jiahui , Zhang Xuan , Wang Lianjun
Published: August 2015

In the current study, thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration membranes desirable for water softening were successfully developed through interfacial polymerization using N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine (HEDA) as the amine monomer in the aqueous phase.
Structure, solvent, and relativistic effects on the NMR chemical shifts in square-planar transition-metal complexes: assessment of DFT approaches
Authors: Vícha Jan , Novotný Jan , Straka Michal , Repisky Michal , Ruud Kenneth , Komorovsky Stanislav , Marek Radek
Published: August 2015

The role of various factors (geometry, solvent, relativistic treatment, functional) influencing the relativistic NMR chemical shift calculations for square-planar transition-metal complexes.
High-resolution separation of thiolate-protected gold clusters by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Niihori Yoshiki , Uchida Chihiro , Kurashige Wataru , Negishi Yuichi
Published: August 2015

This perspective summarizes our work on high-resolution separation of thiolate-protected gold clusters using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, new findings obtained by those separation, and future prospects for this field.
A heterostructured TiO2–C3N4support for gold catalysts: a superior preferential oxidation of CO in the presence of H2under visible light irradiation and without visible light irradiation
Authors: Yang Kai , Meng Chao , Lin Liuliu , Peng Xiaoying , Chen Xun , Wang Xuxu , Dai Wenxin , Fu Xianzhi
Published: August 2015

Introducing C3N4into Au/TiO2promotes an increase in the electron densities of Au, resulting in the activation of CO and O2.
Syntheses, structures, and properties of six cobalt(ii) complexes based on a tripodal tris(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)amine ligand
Authors: Shi Zhenzhen , Pan Zhaorui , Zhang Chuanlei , Zheng Hegen
Published: August 2015

Six new cobalt(ii) metal–organic frameworks based on the tripodal tris(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)amine (TTPA) ligand with different aromatic carboxylate auxiliary ligands have been synthesized and structurally characterized in detail. All the complexes show optical semiconductive properties.
Prussian blue analogues Mn[Fe(CN)6]0.6667·nH2O cubes as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xiong Peixun , Zeng Guojin , Zeng Lingxing , Wei Mingdeng
Published: August 2015

Prussian blue analogues, Mn[Fe(CN)6]0.6667·nH2O cubes, were synthesized and exhibited a large capacity, good rate capability and cycling stability with a high Coulombic efficiency for Li-ion intercalation.
Iron carbonyl cluster-incorporated Cu(i) NHC complexes in homocoupling of arylboronic acids: an effective [TeFe3(CO)9]2−ligand
Authors: Lin Chien-Nan , Huang Chung-Yi , Yu Chia-Chi , Chen Yen-Ming , Ke Wei-Ming , Wang Guan-Jung , Lee Gon-Ann , Shieh Minghuey
Published: August 2015

An inorganic ligand [TeFe3(CO)9]2−was introduced into dicopper(i) NHC complexes which exhibited pronounced catalytic efficiencies toward homocoupling of arylboronic acids.
Microbial composition of purified waters and implications for regrowth control in municipal water systems
Authors: Proctor Caitlin R. , Edwards Marc A. , Pruden Amy
Published: August 2015

The limits of water treatment to control microbial regrowth were examined using highly purified waters.
High-precision barium isotope measurements by MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Nan Xiaoyun , Wu Fei , Zhang Zhaofeng , Hou Zhenhui , Huang Fang , Yu Huimin
Published: August 2015

This article presents a high precision method for Ba isotope measurements using multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS).
A novel method for predicting post-translational modifications on serine and threonine sites by using site-modification network profiles
Authors: Wang Minghui , Jiang Yujie , Xu Xiaoyi
Published: August 2015

The site-modification network (SMNet) profiles that incorporate the relationship between different PTMs can significantly enhance the performance of PTM site prediction.
SILAC-based quantitative proteomics identified lysosome as a fast response target to PDT agent Gd-N induced oxidative stress in human ovarian cancer IGROV1 cells
Authors: Qi Dandan , Wang Qianqian , Li Hongguang , Zhang Tao , Lan Rongfeng , Kwong Daniel W. J. , Wong Wai-Kwok , Wong Ka-Leung , Li Shuiming , Lu Fei
Published: August 2015

A PDT agent Gd-N was successfully applied in SILAC based quantitative proteomic identification of fast response targets to oxidative stress.
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO-nanorods loaded onto activated carbon and its application for efficient solid phase extraction and determination of BG from water samples by micro-volume spectrophotometry
Authors: Alipanahpour Dil Ebrahim , Ghaedi Mehrorang , Asfaram Arash , Goudarzi Alireza
Published: August 2015

The applicability of ZnO-nanorods loaded onto activated carbon (ZnO-NRs-AC) for the dispersive solid phase microextraction (DSPME) of brilliant green (BG) from water samples has been described.
Si-nanocrystal/P3HT hybrid films with a 50- and 12-fold enhancement of hole mobility and density: films prepared by successive drop casting
Authors: Kajiya Daisuke , Saitow Ken-ichi
Published: August 2015

Hybrid Si-NC/P3HT films with a good morphology and a smooth surface were fabricated using a novel successive drop casting method.
Anisotropic responsive microgels with tuneable shape and interactions
Authors: Crassous Jérôme J. , Mihut Adriana M. , Månsson Linda K. , Schurtenberger Peter
Published: August 2015

Spherical composite responsive microgels were post-processed into various anisotropic shapes providing new opportunities to investigate complex phase diagrams and self-assembly processes.
Faceted nanostructure arrays with extreme regularity by self-assembly of vacancies
Authors: Ou Xin , Heinig Karl-Heinz , Hübner René , Grenzer Jörg , Wang Xi , Helm Manfred , Fassbender Jürgen , Facsko Stefan
Published: August 2015

On terraces of crystalline surfaces vacancies created by ion impacts nucleate and form depressions which coarsen and finally lead to 3D morphology patterns. Depending on the crystal orientation, two fold, three-fold, four-fold, or six-fold symmetric patterns evolve on different surfaces.
Planar–rotor architecture based pyrene–vinyl–tetraphenylethylene conjugated systems: photophysical properties and aggregation behavior
Authors: Jana Debabrata , Boxi Shatabdi , Parui Partha P. , Ghorai Binay K.
Published: August 2015

Pyrene–tetraphenylethylene based monomers and tetramers were synthesized. Photophysical and electrochemical properties were investigated. Spacer, architecture and substituent dependent aggregation behavior were reported.
Carbon dioxide capture in the presence of water vapour in InOF-1
Authors: Peralta Ricardo A. , Alcántar-Vázquez Brenda , Sánchez-Serratos Mayra , González-Zamora Eduardo , Ibarra Ilich A.
Published: August 2015

InOF-1 confirms a significant 2-fold increase (∼11 wt%) in CO2 capture under 20% relative humidity of water vapour.
Urinary metabolomics study on an induced-stress rat model using UPLC-QTOF/MS
Authors: Xie Yuan-yuan , Li Li , Shao Qun , Wang Yi-ming , Liang Qiong-Lin , Zhang Hui-Yun , Sun Peng , Qiao Ming-qi , Luo Guo-An
Published: August 2015

An integrated application of multivariable analysis and artificial intelligence was used for the first time to find potential biomarkers relating to the occurrence and development of liver-Qi syndrome PMS induced by electric stimulation in rats.
Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(acrylonitrile) – based superior hydrophobic piezoelectric solid derived by aligned carbon nanotubes in electrospinning: fabrication, phase conversion and surface energy
Authors: Aqeel Salem M. , Wang Zhe , Than Lisa , Sreenivasulu Gollapudi , Zeng Xiangqun
Published: August 2015

A superior hydrophobic piezoelectric solid based on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)–polyacrilonitrile (PAN) blend was fabricated. The phase conversion was derived by functionalized carbon nanotubes under a modified electrospinning field.