bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation of reliability of the steel concrete beam for criterion of durability of the working armature in case of formation of the normal crack in the stretched concrete zone
Authors: V.S. Utkin , K.A. Karpushova
Published: July 2019

In work the method of calculation of reliability (safety) of a reinforced concrete beam with a crack in the stretched beam concrete zone by criterion of durability of working fittings in section with the opened crack is presented. In this section sharply increases the voltage in the working armature in comparison with the voltage in the armature outside of cracks and accordingly reduced the reliability of beams according to strength condition of the valve. Tension in fittings on participation with the opened crack in concrete of a beam is offered to express through width of disclosure of a crack, what is much simpler, more precisely and the result of calculation of reliability of a beam on criterion of durability of fittings at a stage of operation will differ in bigger reliability.
Gas Accretion within the Dust Cavity in AB Aur*
Authors: Rivière-Marichalar Pablo , Fuente Asunción , Baruteau Clément , Neri Roberto , Treviño-Morales Sandra P. , Carmona Andrés , Agúndez Marcelino , Bachiller Rafael
Published: July 2019

AB Aur is a Herbig Ae star hosting a well-known transitional disk. Because of its proximity and low inclination angle, it is an excellent object to study planet formation. Our goal is to investigate the chemistry and dynamics of the molecular gas component in the AB Aur disk, and its relation with the prominent horseshoe shape observed in continuum mm emission. We used the Northern Extended Milimeter Array interferometer to map with high angular resolution the J = 3–2 lines of HCO+ and HCN. By combining both, we can gain insight into the AB Aur disk structure. Chemical segregation is observed in the AB Aur disk: HCO+ shows intense emission toward the star position, at least one bright molecular bridge within the dust cavity, and ring-like emission at larger radii, while HCN is only detected in an annular ring that is coincident with the dust ring and presents an intense peak close to the dust trap. We use HCO+ to investigate the gas dynamics inside the cavity. The observed bright HCO+ bridge connects the compact central source with the outer dusty ring. This bridge can be interpreted as an accretion flow from the outer ring to the inner disk/jet system proving gas accretion through the cavity.
ALMA Observations of Molecular Gas in the Host Galaxy of AT2018cow
Authors: Morokuma-Matsui Kana , Morokuma Tomoki , Tominaga Nozomu , Hatsukade Bunyo , Hayashi Masao , Tamura Yoichi , Matsuda Yuichi , Motogi Kazuhito , Niinuma Kotaro , Konishi Masahiro
Published: July 2019

We investigate the molecular gas in and star formation properties of the host galaxy (CGCG 137–068) of a mysterious transient, AT2018cow, at kpc and larger scales, using archival band-3 data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). AT2018cow is the nearest fast-evolving luminous transient (FELT); this is the first study unveiling molecular-gas properties of FELT hosts. The achieved rms and beam size are 0.21 mJy beam−1 at a velocity resolution of 40 km s−1 and 3.″66 × 2.″71 (1.1 kpc × 0.8 kpc), respectively. CO(J = 1–0) emission is successfully detected. The total molecular gas mass inferred from the CO data is (1.85 ± 0.04) × 108
M
⊙ with the Milky Way CO-to-H2 conversion factor. The H2 column density at the AT2018cow site is estimated to be 8.6 × 1020 cm−2. The ALMA data reveal that (1) CGCG 137–068 is a normal star-forming (SF) dwarf galaxy in terms of its molecular gas and star formation properties, and (2) that AT2018cow is located between a CO peak and a blue star cluster. These properties suggest ongoing star formation and favor the explosion of a massive star as the progenitor of AT2018cow. We also find that CGCG 137–068 has a solar or super-solar metallicity. If the metallicity of the other FELT hosts is not higher than average, then some properties of SF dwarf galaxies other than metallicity may be related to FELTs.
Constraining the Dark-matter Halo Mass of Isolated Low-surface-brightness Galaxies
Authors: Kovács Orsolya E. , Bogdán Ákos , Canning Rebecca E. A.
Published: July 2019

Recent advancements in the imaging of low-surface-brightness objects revealed numerous ultra-diffuse galaxies in the local universe. These peculiar objects are unusually extended and faint: their effective radii are comparable to the Milky Way, but their surface brightnesses are lower than that of dwarf galaxies. Their ambiguous properties motivate two potential formation scenarios: the “failed” Milky Way, and the dwarf galaxy scenario. In this Letter, for the first time, we employ X-ray observations to test these formation scenarios on a sample of isolated, low-surface-brightness galaxies (LSBGs). Because hot gas X-ray luminosities correlate with the dark-matter halo mass, “failed” Milky-Way–type galaxies, which reside in massive dark-matter halos, are expected to have significantly higher X-ray luminosities than dwarf galaxies, which reside in low-mass dark-matter halos. We perform X-ray photometry on a subset of LSBGs identified in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru survey, utilizing the XMM-Newton XXL North survey. We find that none of the individual galaxies show significant X-ray emission. By co-adding the signal of individual galaxies, the stacked galaxies remain undetected and we set an X-ray luminosity upper limit of

for an average isolated LSBG. This upper limit is about 40 times lower than that expected in a galaxy with massive dark-matter halo, implying that the majority of isolated LSBGs reside in dwarf-size dark-matter halos.
Constraints on Black Hole Jet Models Used As Diagnostic Tools of Event Horizon Telescope Observations of M87
Authors: Punsly Brian
Published: July 2019

Jet models of Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) data should also conform to the observed jet profiles just downstream. This study evaluates conformance of models of black hole (BH) jets to images of the innermost jet of M87. This is a basic test that should be passed before using them to perform a physical interpretation of EHT data. Recent 86 GHz very long baseline interferometry observations of M87 have revealed the morphology and size of the jet near its source (<65 M, or 0.06 lt-yr after correcting for the line of sight to the jet, where M is the BH mass in geometrized units) for the first time. Current transverse resolution indicates that this region is dominated by flux emanating from the edge of the jet. The observed inner jet profiles are compared to all existing published synthetic radio images constructed from “state of the art” 3D numerical simulations of the BH accretion system in M87. Despite efforts to produce the characteristic wide, edge-dominated jet, these models are too narrow (by a factor of ∼2) in the region 0.06–0.32 lt-yr from the source, even though the jets (spine and/or sheath) in the image plane might appear conformant farther downstream. Furthermore, the synthetic radio images are not edge dominated 0.06–0.32 lt-yr from the source, but spine dominated. Analyses that implement these models as physical diagnostics of EHT visibility amplitudes are therefore suspect. Thus, these inner-jet characteristics are important considerations before applying simulations to the EHT data.
The Expression of Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 and Interleukin-6 on Human Prostate: Prostate Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Afdal Afdal , Darwin Eryati , Yanwirasti Yanwirasti , Hamid Rizal
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND: Prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer are two of the most common pathological condition of the prostate to be found on male. Both of these diseases share common pathogenesis involving inflammation of prostatic tissues. Chronic inflammation will induce the release of cytokines, followed by cells injury and tissues damage. One of the cytokines that play a role in prostate pathology is IL-6. The inflammation will also induce the releases of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as TGFβ-1.AIM: This study aims to analyse the expression of IL-6 and TGFβ-1, in prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is an observational study, using paraffin-embedded tissue samples of prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Samples were obtained from the laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the cytokine expression, and a semiqunatitaves measurement according to Immunoreactive score (IRS) was performed for evaluation. For the TGFβ-1, the stromal expression was also analysed by measurement of the stromal stained area. The correlation of cytokine expression to Gleason index score was also analysed in prostate cancer. RESULTS: The result showed that this study found that TGFβ-1 was detected both in the stromal component as well as epithelial. With the stromal being the dominant site of expression. The stromal TGFβ-1 expression was of significantly higher in prostate hyperplasia compares to prostate cancer (p < 0.05), while the epithelial expression of TGFβ-1 was not found to be significantly different. IL-6 was mostly expressed intracytoplasmic in epithelia. The IL-6 expression was significantly higher in prostate cancer compared to hyperplasia. However, there was no significant correlation to found between IL-6 expression to the Gleason Score among prostate cancers. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there were differences in expression of both TGFβ-1 and IL-6 between prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry.
The Value of Utilizing the Complete Temporal Distribution of Phenological Data
Authors: Hällfors Maria , Antão Laura , Itter Malcolm , Lehikoinen Aleksi , Lindholm Tanja , Roslin Tomas , Saastamoinen Marjo
Published: July 2019

Numerous studies over the past decades have shown that species phenologies are shifting. Behind the large-scale patterns of shifting phenologies lies, however, large variability across species and space in terms of both the sign of the shifts (advance or delay) and their magnitude (rate of change). The shifts in the timing of seasonal events are usually studied by measuring change in one part of the phenological distribution over the season, such as the mean or first appearance of the event. This, however, gives us a mere glimpse of how (part of) a population is changing, thus limiting our ability to understand the underlying mechanisms. We demonstrate the benefits of taking a holistic approach to describing phenological change by considering shifts in the complete phenological distribution and interrelationships within it. As a case study, we make use of a database on bird chick banding events to understand the shifts in breeding phenology for 74 bird species across 43 years and 4 bioclimatic zones distributed across Finland. We find that bird breeding is stacking up towards earlier and more compressed peak periods. The majority of change can be attributed to a faster advance of the tail of the distribution, alongside minor advancement of the beginning of the season. We conclude that the observed shifts potentially intensify intraspecific competition by increasing the temporal co-occurrence of broods across large geographical areas. Nevertheless, these patterns would likely have not been recognized through summarizing the data by species mean dates alone. We therefore urge scientists and data managers to compile and utilize phenological data at higher resolution, retaining the original detail. This will allow us to capture multiple modes of population-level change, thereby providing deeper insights into how species are responding to ongoing climate warming.
Introducing ‘The bdverse’: a family of R packages for biodiversity data
Authors: Gueta Tomer , Barve Vijay , Nagarajah Thiloshon , Gibas Povilas , Carmel Yohay
Published: July 2019

The bdverse is a collection of packages that form a general framework for facilitating biodiversity science in R. We build it to serve as a sustainable and agile infrastructure that enhances the value of biodiversity data by allowing users to conveniently employ R, for data exploration, quality assessment, data cleaning, and standardization. The bdverse supports users with and without programming capabilities. It includes six unique packages in a hierarchal structure — representing different functionality levels (Fig. 1). Major features of three core packages will be highlighted and demonstrated: (i) bdDwC provides an interactive Shiny app and a set of functions for standardizing field names in compliance with Darwin Core (DwC) format; (ii) bdchecks is an infrastructure for performing, filtering and managing various biodiversity data checks; (iii) bdclean is a user-friendly data cleaning Shiny app for the inexperienced R user. It provides features to manage complete workflow for biodiversity data cleaning, including data upload; user input - in order to adjust cleaning procedures; data cleaning; and finally, generation of various reports and versions of the data.

We are now working on submitting the bdverse packages to rOpenSci software review, and as soon as the packages meet core requirements, we will officially release the bdverse. The bdverse project won the 2nd prize in the 2018 Ebbe Nielsen Challenge.
Two new species of Spiniphallellus Bidzilya & Karsholt, 2008 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from Afghanistan and Iran
Authors: Bidzilya Oleksiy , Karsholt Ole
Published: July 2019

Spiniphallelusebertisp. nov. (Iran) and Spiniphallellusnaumannisp. nov. (Afghanistan) are described. The position of the genus within the subfamily Anomologinae is briefly discussed, as is the degree of development of the gnathos in the male genitalia of two species within the same genus. A key to all Spiniphallellus species is given, and adults and male and female genitalia of the new species are illustrated.

Introduction

The genus Spiniphallellus was established for three species of Gelechiidae, respectively from the deserts of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan (S.desertus Bidzilya & Karsholt, 2008), mountains of Kazakhstan (S.stonisi Bidzilya & Karsholt, 2008) and mountains of Turkey (S.fuscescens Bidzilya & Karsholt, 2008). Recently an additional new species, S.chrysotosella Junnilainen, 2016, was described from Bulgaria, Turkey and Georgia. The first three species are externally very similar, but can easily be separated by their genitalia. S.chrysotosella looks externally quite distinct from the other species both by its wingspan and wing pattern, but its genitalia match well the configuration for the genus, being most similar to those of S.fuscescens.

The host plant is known only for S.desertus, whose larva feeds on Rheum sp. (Polygonaceae) in Kazakhstan (Falkovitsh and Bidzilya 2009). The adults of S.chrysotosella were observed around Jasminumfruticans L. (Oleaceae) in all three localities where this species was recorded (Junnilainen 2016).

As a result of studying collected material in the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Karlsruhe, five plain coloured, rather narrow-winged greyish black specimens of Gelechiidae were discovered amongst material from Afghanistan and Iran. Their assignment to the genus Spiniphallellus was proved by the study of the genitalia. It turned out that they represent two different species, which do not match any known species in the genus. Their description is given below.
Amphibian diversity in Serranía de Majé, an isolated mountain range in eastern Panamá
Authors: Medina Daniel , Ibáñez Roberto , Lips Karen R. , Crawford Andrew J.
Published: July 2019

Eastern Panamá is within the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot and supports an understudied amphibian fauna. Here we characterize the amphibian diversity across an elevational gradient in one of the least studied mountain ranges in eastern Panamá, Serranía de Majé. A total of 38 species were found, which represent 17% of all species reported for Panamá. Based on expected richness function and individual-based rarefaction curves, it is estimated that this is an underestimate and that at least 44 amphibian species occur in this area. Members of all three amphibian orders were encountered, represented by ten families and 22 genera, including five species endemic to Central America. Estimated species richness decreased with elevation, and the mid-elevation site supported both lowland and highland species. Our study provides a baseline for understanding the distribution pattern of amphibians in Panamá, for conservation efforts, and for determining disease-induced changes in amphibian communities.
A new species of the genus Centruroides Marx (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from western Michoacán State, México using molecular and morphological evidence
Authors: Quijano-Ravell Ana F. , de Armas Luis F. , Francke Oscar F. , Ponce-Saavedra Javier
Published: July 2019

A new species of scorpion belonging to the genus Centruroides Marx, 1890 is described from the Coalcomán mountain range, western Michoacán State, Mexico. Its general aspect resembles Centruroidesruana Quijano-Ravell & Ponce-Saavedra, 2016, and C.infamatus (C. L. Koch, 1844), but it is a smaller species having lower pectinal tooth counts; also, males of C.ruana have the pedipalp chelae slightly thicker, whereas C.infamatus has a subaculear tubercle nearer to the base of the aculeus. Another species with similar aspect is Centruroidesornatus Pocock, 1902; however, a preliminary molecular analysis of the mitochondrial gene mRNA 16S showed genetic divergence (measured as p-distance) near to 10% between these species, and lower differences between the new species with respect to C.infamatus (4.63%) and C.ruana (5.07%). The molecular evidence together with the morphological characters (integrative taxonomy) are sufficient for recognizing the Coalcomán population as a separate and valid species.
A new species of Aciconula (Amphipoda, Senticauda, Caprellidae) from Sultan Iskandar Marine Park, Malaysia
Authors: Lim Jacqueline H.C. , Azman B. Abdul Rahim , Othman B.H. Ross
Published: July 2019

A new species of caprellid, Aciconulatinggiensis (Amphipoda, Senticaudata, Caprellidae) was discovered from Pulau Tinggi, Sultan Iskandar Marine Park (SIMP), South China Sea, Malaysia. The new Malaysian species can be distinguished from the other Aciconula species by the combination of the following characters: 1. the presence of a very small suture between head and pereonite 1; 2. antenna 1 flagellum with 4 articles; 3. inner lobe of lower lip unilobed; 4. gnathopod 2 palm of propodus with a large proximal projection (stretching from the proximal margin of the palm to nearly mid-way of palm); 5. pereopods 3–4 with 2 articles (article 1 subrectangular, article 2 conical or tapering at the tip with 1 plumose seta and 2 normal setae) and; 6. pereopod 5 covered with relatively dense and long setae. An updated identification key for the five known species in the genus, including information on the respective geographical distribution and habitat, is presented.
Flexibilité, incertitude et optimisation des investissements : une introduction
Authors: Quinet Émile
Published: July 2019

L’époque moderne porte un intérêt croissant à la flexibilité. Cette tendance qui se rencontre dans tous les compartiments de la vie quotidienne se retrouve aussi dans l’analyse économique où la flexibilité et la manière d’en tirer parti ont fait l’objet de nombre de développements illustrés par l’utilisation croissante des outils de la programmation dynamique et de la théorie des options réelles. Sans vouloir donner une vue complète des méthodes ainsi mises en œuvre, cet article s’attache à faire comprendre et illustrer le résultat le plus emblématique, qui conduit à optimiser, et en général à repousser, la date de prise de décision pour tenir compte des suppléments d’information que l’avenir peut apporter. Les conséquences de ce principe aboutissent, en terme d’analyse économique, et notamment de traitement du taux d’escompte, à des procédures sensiblement différentes selon qu’il s’agit d’un investisseur privé, qui peut s’appuyer sur les marchés tant pour valoriser les biens qu’il produit que pour évaluer les actifs qu’il possède ou qu’il crée, ou d’un investisseur public qui produit en dehors des marchés en recherchant à optimiser une expression de bien-être collectif. Classification JEL : D81, G12, G14, H43.
Pour une véritable taxe sur les transactions financières
Authors: Ekeland Ivar , Rochet Jean-Charles
Published: July 2019

À la suite de la crise des subprimes , le Parlement européen a demandé en 2010 à la Commission européenne de mettre en œuvre une taxe sur les transactions financières destinées à décourager les opérations financières purement spéculatives. À ce jour, seules la France (2012) et l’Italie (2013) ont instauré une telle taxe. L’expérience française de taxe sur les transactions financières a été étudiée dans plusieurs articles académiques, dont les principaux résultats empiriques sont assez concordants. Toutefois, les recommandations qu’ils en tirent sont assez différentes. Pour essayer de comprendre ces divergences, nous présentons les différents arguments qui s’opposent à la taxe. Nous expliquons ensuite pourquoi nous ne sommes pas convaincus par ceux-ci, puis nous formulons une série de propositions d’extension de la TTF. Ces propositions, si elles étaient adoptées, aboutiraient d’après nous à une véritable TTF, qui pourrait augmenter les recettes fiscales sans avoir beaucoup d’effets négatifs. Classification JEL : G01, G18 .
Quelques réflexions sur la vie opératoire
Authors: Salem Isaac
Published: July 2019

L’auteur émet l’hypothèse d’une qualité particulière de la libido pour expliquer la prépondérance de la condensation dans la vie opératoire. Le rôle de l’objet est central, notamment dans sa fonction défléchissante et dans sa fonction maternelle.
Le féminin, l’analyste et l’enfant théoricien
Authors: Scarfone Dominique
Published: July 2019

La division primitive du travail à la source de nombreuses formes de domination et d’exploitation fut dès le départ une division sexuelle du travail, créant des relations asymétriques et hiérarchiques, où les femmes occupent le bas de l’échelle. Ce contexte socio-culturel ne peut qu’influencer les théories sexuelles spontanées résultant de l’activité traductive/refoulante de la psyché de l’enfant confrontée aux messages énigmatiques de l’autre. L’assignation de genre est un de ces messages majeurs. Les enfants tenteront de le traduire en s’aidant de leur expérience corporelle et des outils symboliques transmis par leur entourage. Ainsi, les théories sexuelles infantiles reflèteront dans une large mesure les stéréotypes dominants, ceux-ci étant à leur tour maintenus et renforcés par la pression que les théories et fantasmes infantiles exercent inconsciemment sur la perception et l’opinion. L’erreur de Freud fut d’intégrer telles quelles les théories infantiles dans la doctrine psychanalytique. La question est de savoir comment cela a pu se produire. À la suite de Laplanche, nous examinons en quoi l’abandon de la théorie de la séduction peut expliquer cet état de fait.
Répétition et changement dans le travail avec un enfant autiste
Authors: Abatzoglou Grigoris , Chatzidimitriou Christina , Danon-Boileau Laurent
Published: July 2019

Le travail analytique avec un enfant autiste confronte aux phénomènes insistants de répétition, lesquels constituent un défi à la créativité thérapeutique. Cet article examine les conditions favorisant l’émergence de moments de mutation et d’insight, en respectant les rythmes de l’enfant et de sa famille. Il montre également comment le traitement d’un enfant autiste amène à réfléchir sur l’exigence de conflictualité énonciative de la parole interprétative, et comment la mise à l’écart de l’affect peut paradoxalement constituer une condition nécessaire à l’identification au patient. Il souligne enfin combien l’émergence d’un mouvement authentiquement symbolique peut dépendre d’éléments du setting que l’on aurait autrement jugé anodins, aussi bien que de contre-agirs mineurs de l’analyste.
Patience, longueur de temps et processus
Authors: Rolland Jean-Claude
Published: July 2019

Le temps dans le travail de la cure est un et indivisible. Mais ces objets – l’inconscient et les exigences propres au « devenir conscient » lui impriment trois traits sui generis : son rythme fait des « résistances » ; sa lenteur due aux obstacles que lui opposent les forces rationnelles de l’esprit et à la difficulté physique de re-figurer ce qui a été aboli par le refoulement ; la figure de « l’après-coup » selon lequel un événement infantile traumatique doit se réactualiser dans le transfert avant de s’inscrire définitivement dans la mémoire. Laplanche après Lacan a révélé la performance théorico-clinique de ce concept freudien central en le mettant en regard du « refusement », cette posture de l’analyste qui in fine met en branle le processus analytique.
Temps, atemporalité. Inscription et représentation
Authors: Levine Howard
Published: July 2019

Le temps, dimension réelle de l’univers physique et donnée subjective de la psyché comporte un conflit entre temporalité et atemporalité, au service des objectifs des constructifs ou négatifs, en fonction des liens avec Eros et la pulsion de mort et l’opposition entre principe de réalité et principe de plaisir. La « fabrication » et l’inscription de la temporalité en tant qu’articulation et organisation d’éléments psychiques auparavant non représentés et désorganisés, dans l’acte de représentation, la symbolisation et l’association verbale sont essentielles dans le fonctionnement psychique et dans le processus analytique. Un cas clinique illustrera ces processus et leur lien avec le trauma : interne et externe, massif et cumulatif.
El sufrimiento no es el dolor
Authors: Ricoeur Paul
Published: July 2019

En el texto se analiza la experiencia del sufrimiento. No se persigue orientar el acto terapéutico sino tan sólo comprender esta experiencia común y universal. Se distingue entre dolor y sufrir, a la manera de tipos ideales, para mostrar que el sufrimiento no es sólo físico sino que afecta a todo el ser humano, en todas sus dimensiones. Se proponen dos ejes de análisis de esta experiencia: la relación sí-mismo-otro y la relación entre el hacer y el padecer. Todo sufrir y toda expresión del sufrimiento puede ser comprendida en este marco. Pero, ¿el sufrimiento enseña? Para evitar el dolorismo y el sentimentalismo es preferible decir que el sufrimiento “interroga” y “apela”. El sufrir es también un “aguantar” y un perseverar en el esfuerzo por existir. Así queda trazada una fenomenología hermenéutica del sufrimiento.
Espacialidad y dolor. Meditaciones fenomenológicas
Authors: Serrano de Haro Agustín
Published: July 2019

Este ensayo asume que los dolores físicos son, con igual originariedad, vivencias intransferibles de conciencia y sucesos espaciales que presentan localización en el cuerpo. Defiende la antigua tesis de F. Buytendijk de que no cabe un dolor desubicado que, al modo del de Job, coincida con la totalidad del cuerpo, y añade que sí caben, en cambio, dolores simultáneos que se distinguen por su ubicación. La íntima unidad de cogitatio y extensio conduce a sostener que el dolor vivido remite a una espacialidad más profunda que la imagen corporal perceptible y más primitiva también que el esquema corporal que opera en los movimientos deliberados del cuerpo.
Justicia: una experiencia subjetiva de los límites de la ley
Authors: Taillefer Javier
Published: July 2019

Pocos temas han generado más debates en el campo de la filosofía política a lo largo de las últimas décadas que el de la justicia. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estos debates han girado en torno a qué tipo de equilibrio entre libertad e igualdad puede considerarse como justo, o qué tipo de instituciones legales y judiciales serían necesarias para ofrecer mayores niveles de justicia a los ciudadanos. Este trabajo pretende abordar el problema de la justicia desde un punto de vista radicalmente distinto. A saber, la forma en la que el sujeto –el ‘hombre de carne hueso’, en palabras de Unamuno– experimenta la justicia. Dejando a un lado los ya mencionados aspectos institucionales, el objetivo de este artículo es explorar la forma en que el término justicia opera como un significante vacío en relación con la ley; y cómo esto, a su vez, permite la formación de infinidad de nociones subjetivas de justicia.
La fonética del español en la Bibliotheca Hispanica de Richard Perceval
Authors: Álvarez Rodríguez Adelino , Carrascosa Cañego David
Published: July 2019

Se presenta un estudio global de las aportaciones de Richard Perceval a la fonética del español clásico. Con las descripciones y ejemplos contenidos en su Bibliotheca Hispanica (1591), este autor proporciona al especialista una información sumamente valiosa acerca del español de su tiempo, que, sin duda, ayuda a su reconstrucción histórica.
Sobre los occidentalismos fonéticos de las Profecías de Merlín en los Baladros castellanos
Authors: Casais Alejandro
Published: July 2019

El Baladro de Burgos (1498) y la Demanda de Sevilla (1535) constituyen los únicos testimonios hoy conocidos de un romanceamiento castellano medieval de las Prophetiae Merlini de Godofredo de Monmouth. Se trata de una versión muy deturpada y ciertos rasgos dialectales occidentales nos permiten sospechar que parte de las lecciones inadmisibles surgieron por causas lingü.sticas. Enfocado en el nivel fonético, este artículo examinará tanto los occidentalismos evidentes, esos aún presentes en los testimonios, como los conjeturales, aquellos que pueden deducirse de sus errores; estos resultan importantes pues certifican que los rasgos lingüisticos que nos interesan remontan a etapas previas de la tradición textual.
Los viajes a Tierra Santa en los Siglos de Oro: entidad y fortuna de un género olvidado
Authors: De Lama de la Cruz Víctor
Published: July 2019

Los libros de peregrinación a Tierra Santa, como libros de viajes y a la vez obras de devoción, constituyen un género editorial bien delimitado en los Siglos de Oro, al que pertenece una treintena de obras. En general fueron reeditadas y tres de ellas —las de Antonio de Aranda, Francisco Guerrero y Antonio del Castillo— alcanzaron más de una docena de ediciones cada una. Sin embargo, no tienen la mínima presencia en las historias de la literatura, a pesar de ser obras narrativas que compitieron en el favor del público con las ficciones sentimentales, las pastoriles y las de caballerías. Por esto y otras muchas razones, este género merece ser estudiado e incorporado al canon de nuestra literatura áurea.
Articulación geminada lateral en castellano medieval: el testimonio de los textos poéticos
Authors: Pla Colomer Francisco Pedro
Published: July 2019

El objetivo principal del presente estudio es la descripción del segmento geminado lateral en la historia de la lengua castellana en sus diferentes contextos fónicos: como reducto de -LL- latina y en sandhi externo o fonética sintáctica ([-l#l-]). Para ello, se pretende abordar en las siguientes páginas el análisis de la rima de los poemas medievales que abarcan los primeros testimonios en lengua castellana hasta los compuestos en la corte de los Reyes Católicos, desde el convencimiento de que el análisis de los sonidos en situación de rima permite arrojar luz a la reconstrucción del componente fónico subyacente en las grafías.
Origen y andanzas del término económico dita
Authors: Rainer Franz
Published: July 2019

La etimología del término económico dita, que sobrevive en América y en Andalucía, es considerada todavía como “discutida” en la versión en línea del DRAE. Cuervo, en su tiempo, propuso un origen italiano, mientras Corominas dio la preferencia a un origen catalán. En el presente artículo me propongo mostrar que el término tuvo efectivamente un origen italiano, pero fue transmitido al español a través del catalán. Se mostrará, además, que las hipótesis de Cuervo y Corominas sobre las palabras concretas que habrían servido de modelo al español son incorrectas. El étimo está representado más bien por el italiano detta, que designaba inicialmente en la Edad Media el enunciado del banquero que acompañaba el giro bancario de una cuenta a otra.
El debate de la caridad en el Auto de los Reyes Magos y el Libro de los tres reyes de Oriente
Authors: Zubillaga Carina
Published: July 2019

Particularmente en los siglos XII y XIII, la devoción a los Reyes Magos asume rasgos de una piedad más sensible que permite precisar los constituyentes básicos de su leyenda tal cual la conocemos hoy. La manifestación literaria hispánica de la leyenda de los Reyes Magos en ese tiempo se concentra solo en dos testimonios: el Auto de los Reyes Magos y el Libro de los tres reyes de Oriente, cuyo análisis comparativo distingue al debate como la herramienta estructural unificadora del tema de la búsqueda de la verdad y la práctica de la caridad en ambas obras. La concurrencia de elementos escénicos, iconográficos y específicamente literarios en la representación de la Adoración, además de contextos manuscritos enriquecedores, propicia el desarrollo de esta temática textual asociada a la devoción afectiva preeminente en el período.
Evidence of Limited Recruitment of Pallid Sturgeon in the Lower Missouri River
Authors: Steffensen Kirk D. , Chojnacki Kimberly A. , Kalie Jeffrey A. , Bartron Meredith L. , Heist Edward J. , Winders Kyle R. , Loecker Nathan C. , Doyle Wyatt J. , Welker Timothy L.
Published: July 2019

Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus are endemic to the Missouri and Mississippi river basins and are rare throughout their range. The species was listed as federally endangered with little to no evidence of natural recruitment. Since population augmentation was initiated as a recovery objective in the early 1990s, thousands of hatchery-origin Pallid Sturgeon have been stocked in the lower Missouri River (Gavins Point Dam [river kilometer 1,305.1] to the confluence of the Mississippi River [river kilometer 0.0]). Efforts to discriminate natural reproduction and recruitment of wild-origin Pallid Sturgeon from hatchery-origin fish has been hampered by tag loss in hatchery-origin sturgeon, inconsistent documentation of hatchery parental crosses, and the failure to collect tissue samples for genotyping all broodstock. However, the recent reconstruction of missing parental genotypes from known hatchery-origin progeny and from cryopreserved milt made it possible to examine Pallid Sturgeon recruitment. Therefore, our objectives were to 1) determine the likelihood that unmarked Pallid Sturgeon captured from the lower Missouri River were the result of natural recruitment and 2) examine the length distribution of wild- and hatchery-origin fish to determine if a difference exists by origin and examine the life-stage distribution. Genetic analysis showed that from 2003 to 2015, 358 “presumptive wild-origin” Pallid Sturgeon were captured in the lower Missouri River and the comparison between the length distributions of wild- and hatchery-origin fish did not provide any additional clarification into potential wild-origin fish. Low recruitment may be due to a small breeding population, high mortality of early life stages, hybridization with Shovelnose Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, or transport of drifting free embryos or larvae into inhospitable habitats. Determining what factors are limiting recruitment is the important next step for the recovery of Pallid Sturgeon in the lower Missouri River.
Public–Private Partnership Wetland Restorations Provide Quality Forage for Waterfowl in Northern New York
Authors: Benson Catherine E. , Carberry Brendan , Langen Tom A.
Published: July 2019

The Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program and Wetlands Reserve Program are U.S. federal programs that provide financial and technical assistance to restore wetland habitats on private property, and are important tools for the conservation and management of waterfowl. This study examined whether these wetland restorations successfully restored one important component of waterfowl habitat, the availability of vegetative forage, at sites in the St. Lawrence River valley of New York. We conducted surveys at 47 restored and 18 reference wetlands to characterize the vegetation assemblage in terms of its value as forage for waterfowl. Results suggest that these public–private partnership wetland restorations develop assemblages of wetland vegetation that are similar to reference wetlands. Vegetation assemblage metrics, including estimates of species richness, the richness of species of food value, the Vegetative Forage Quality Index, and the cover of species of food value, did not differ between restored–reference wetland pairs. However, invasive species were common at sites, and we detected a negative association between the cover of invasive species and the Vegetative Forage Quality Index at both restored and reference wetlands. On the basis of these results, we conclude that Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program and Wetland Reserve Program wetland restorations provide quality forage for breeding and migratory waterfowl in this region, but that the presence of invasive vegetation at sites has the potential to decrease the quality of vegetative forage at sites over time.
A Survey on JSON Mapping With XML/RDF
Authors: Adjallah-Kondo Gbéboumé Crédo Charles , Ma Zongmin
Published: July 2019

As a data format, JSON is able to store and exchange data. It can be mapped with RDF (resource description framework), which is an ontology technology in the direction of web resources. This chapter replies to the question about which techniques or methods to utilize for mapping XML to JSON and RDF. However, a plethora of methods have been explored. Consequently, the goal of this survey is to give the whole presentation of the currents approaches to map JSON with XML and RDF by providing their differences.
Big Data Processing and Big Analytics
Authors: Pokorny Jaroslav , Stantic Bela
Published: July 2019

Development and wide acceptance of data-driven applications in many aspects of our daily lives is generating waste volume of diverse data, which can be collected and analyzed to support various valuable decisions. Management and processing of this big data is a challenge. The development and extensive use of highly distributed and scalable systems to process big data have been widely considered. New data management architectures (e.g., distributed file systems and NoSQL databases) are used in this context. However, features of big data like their complexity and data analytics demands indicate that these concepts solve big data problems only partially. A development of so called NewSQL databases is highly relevant and even special category of big data management systems is considered. In this chapter, the authors discuss these trends and evaluate some current approaches to big data processing and analytics, identify the current challenges, and suggest possible research directions.
Advanced Fiber Reinforced Self-Healing Ceramics for Middle Range Temperature
Authors: Nakao Wataru , Hayakawa Taira , Yanaseko Tesuro , Ozaki Shingo
Published: July 2019

The availability of TiC healing agent has been evaluated in low temperature self-healing behavior of Al2O3 based self-healing ceramics. For this purpose, some technical issues to actualize the advanced fiber-reinforced self-healing ceramics containing TiC based interlayer as healing agent were discussed. Especially, the mechanical matching between the matrix and the interlayer was focused. Moreover, the self-healing behavior of the advanced shFRC containing the optimized TiC based healing agent was investigated. As a result, 30 vol% TiC-70 vol% Al2O3 interlayer was confirmed to be the optimized healing agent in the self-healing ceramics, and the self-healing ceramics was found to enable to attain the perfect healing at 600°C within 10 min. And we succeeded in prototype production of fiber-reinforced self-healing ceramics for low pressure turbine blade.
Fatigue Crack Growth Thresholds under Negative Stress Ratio for Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Hasegawa Kunio , Usami Saburo , Strnadel Bohumír
Published: July 2019

When fatigue crack growth rate da/dN = 0, the stress intensity factor range ΔKI is a threshold and it is expressed by ΔKI = ΔKth. The threshold ΔKth is important for design, repair/replacement, particularly, trouble shooting for cracked components. However, the thresholds were not well codified. Authorized and consensus ΔKth are required. This paper introduces the current thresholds provided by fitness-for-service codes and the definition of ΔKth under negative stress ratio R is discussed. Finally, the threshold ΔKth for aluminum alloys in air environment is proposed for fitness-for-service codes.
Corrosion Properties of ECAP Titanium with Bioactive Oxide Coating in Physiological Solution
Authors: Hlinka Josef , Dluhoš Ludek , Dědková Kateřina
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to comparison of corrosion properties of two titanium alloys with different grain size. These alloys are commonly used in implantology for manufacturing long term body hard tissues replacements. Surfaces of tested samples were also electrochemically anodized using fluorine ions rich environment: the main reason for anodization was to create surfaces with highly bioactive properties which can intensify healing process and result into better bonding between body tissues when they are used in implantology. It was found by direct electrochemical methods that difference of corrosion rate between anodized and non-anodized samples was not significant. Anodization results positively influenced decreasing of corrosion rate when samples were tested in aerated physiological solution (0,9 wt. % NaCl/water). Type of bonding between implant and surrounding tissue may be also predetermined by value of contact angle of tested sample and water droplet on its surface. This paper confirmed that anodization increases wettability of tested samples and lower the contact angle to ~60°. According to these results anodization process may be recommended as a profitable treatment for surfaces of tissue replacements made from titanium.
Crystal Orientation Analysis on Stress Corrosion Cracking Facets in Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Wakinaga Ryo , Koga Norimitsu , Umezawa Osamu , Morita Motoaki , Motoda Shinichi , Shinohara Tadashi
Published: July 2019

Quasi-cleavage facets have been detected in the stress corrosion cracking fracture of type 304 and type 316 austenitic stainless steels under an environment containing chloride. Their morphology and crystal orientation were analyzed. In both steels the cold-worked material (CW) showed higher crack propagation rate than annealed one (ST), where the variation of the propagated crystal planes of the CW was higher than that of the ST, and the {111} facet was detected in the CW. Then the CW reveals higher possibilities to choose a low energy crack path rather than the ST. The rearrangement and multiply of {111} dislocation arrays may introduce the {111} transgranular cracking in the CW, and the combining duplex {111} slip operations may result in the {110} facet.
First record of Euscelidius variegatus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in eastern North America
Authors: Parent Jean-Philippe , Bittner Lori , Kits Joel H.
Published: July 2019

Euscelidius variegatus (Kirschbaum) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a leafhopper known to vector phytoplasmas in cultivated vines (Vitis vinifera Linnaeus (Vitaceae)) of western Europe. Its occurrence has been recorded in western North America more than 60 years ago, but so far not in eastern North America, including Canada. In the last 15 years, three specimens have been found in Ontario near and around vineyards. Here we report the first record of E. variegatus in Canada and eastern North America.
UPGRADING OF MOROCCAN OLIVE MILL WASTEWATER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION: KINETIC STUDY AND PROCESS PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
Authors: Elkacmi Reda , Kamil Noureddine , Bennajah Mounir
Published: July 2019

Treatment of olive mill wastewater (OMW) by electrocoagulation (EC) was investigated in a stirred tank reactor (STR), the effect of different influential parameters, namely, contact time, current density and pH was determined. Over 72 % of COD, 93 % of polyphenols and 95 % of color intensity were removed efficiently at pH of 5.2, current density of 58.33 mA/cm2 and a residence time of 45 min. A kinetic study of these three parameters was carried out and both COD and dark color removal obey the first-order law model. On the other hand, the polyphenols reduction, fits the pseudo second-order model with current- dependent parameters. A variable order kinetic (VOK) model derived from the Langmuir-Freundlish equation was proposed to determine the kinetics of pollutant removal reactions with EC. Results showed that the model equations strongly fit the experimental concentrations of the three pollutants.
STUDY OF PROGRESSIVE CHANGES IN BACTERIOLOGICAL CONSTITUENT OF HARVESTED RAINWATER FROM OYOKO COMMUNITY IN KUMASI, GHANA
Authors: Yeboah Joy Okai , Kodom Kingsley
Published: July 2019

The bacteriological characteristics of rainwater harvested from a typical rooftop were progressively studied for a period of nine (9) months. The study area, Oyoko, is a rural community considered as a typical farming area and located about 30 km from Kumasi, the capital city of Ashanti Region of Ghana. The collected rainwater samples were analyzed for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and salmonella. The entire E. coli counts varied from 0-60 CFU/100 ml and were absent on 39 observations out of total of 84 observations (replicate samples), representing 46.4%. Whiles the entire salmonella counts ranged from 0-78 CFU/100ml and only 10 observations out of the 84 were absent, which represents 11.9%. Both E. coli and salmonella showed higher concentration during early stages of continuous rainfall but, progressively reduced during later part of rainfall. The main cause of this phenomenon can be attributed to the deposition and accumulation of pollutant materials on the rooftop and catchment areas typically during the dry seasons as a result of wind-blown dirt particles and other environmental pollutants. The high bacteriological constituents in the early-stage harvested rainwater consequently have some proven significant health implications from their direct consumption. It is therefore imperative for the community to know the best time interval to harvest their rainwater as rainfall progresses, and also know any health implications associated with the harvested rainwater that goes into their storage tanks for consumption through progressive monitoring of the quality.
Gender mainstreaming: A lasting solution to disaster risk reduction
Authors: Chineka Jestina , Musyoki Agnes , Kori Edmore , Chikoore Hector
Published: July 2019

Disasters threaten resources as well as displace millions of people globally. It is undisputable that disasters have gender dimensions. However, most African countries are still lagging behind as far as the holistic integration of gender mainstreaming into national policies, particularly on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). The purpose of this article was to unpack the consequence of overlooking gender in DRR, thereby highlighting its importance. The study followed a comparative study design, by using two case studies of Mumbwa District in Zambia and Chivi District in Zimbabwe. The specific objectives were to examine the disaster risks in both Mumbwa and Chivi districts, analyse the DRR strategies used in both districts and highlight the critical success factors derived from gender mainstreaming in DRR in these cases. Findings showed that gender mainstreaming is not only an important tool in DRR but also a sustainable development initiative. Despite challenges faced by countries in DRR, gender mainstreaming should always be considered as their first line of action in DRR.