bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo comparativo da legislação vigente para aditivos em produtos lácteos no Brasil, Estados Unidos da América e Europa
Authors: Gonçalves Maria Carolina Gonçalves , Malpass Geoffroy Roger Pointer Malpass , Okura Mônica Hitomi , Granato Ana Claudia
Published: May 2019

Para disponibilizar alimentos saudáveis e seguros para toda a população, é necessário um rigoroso cumprimento das legislações e dos parâmetros de qualidade que regem o setor de produtos lácteos, independente do país. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar comparativamente as legislações vigentes no Brasil, Estados Unidos e Europa, para leite UHT, queijo muçarela e iogurte batido com relação a adição de aditivos nesses produtos. Nos Estados Unidos e  Europa, são realizadas políticas focadas no crescimento e expansão dos negócios, visto que o setor de leite e derivados já é uma área econômica fortalecida e consolidada. Já o Brasil ainda encontra-se em fase de ajustes e estruturação do setor. Por isso, é imprescindível que o Brasil possa atuar em planos de melhoria contínua para que o mercado de leites e derivados brasileiro seja referência em qualidade e segurança alimentar.
ALVES, João Batista. A face oculta do lixo. Londrina: Mecenas, 2017.
Authors: Morais Bárbara Oliveira de
Published: May 2019

Publicado em 2017, o livro “A face oculta do lixo” foi escrito pelo professor adjunto da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, João Batista Alves, que através de um Estudo de Caso traz à tona o debate acerca da questão ambiental, de como se dá a ocupação do espaço, da influência das ações do ser humano no meio ambiente e da complexidade dessa relação no que diz respeito aos efeitos produzidos e do sistema que o alimenta.
ANÁLISE DO ESPAÇO PÚBLICO URBANO: o caso do Parque Mangal das Garças
Authors: Moreira Fernanda da Silva de Andrade , Nogueira Karen de Nazareth Santos
Published: May 2019

ANALYSIS OF URBAN PUBLIC SPACE: the case of Mangal das Garças ParkANÁLISIS DEL ESPACIO PÚBLICO URBANO: el caso del Parque Mangal das GarçasOs espaços públicos urbanos têm sido objeto de estudos frequentes, pois, são nesses espaços que ocorre a produção social da cidade. Entendem-se como espaços públicos, em seu sentido físico, a praça, a rua, os parques entre outros. O presente estudo tem como objetivo central analisar o espaço do Parque Mangal das Garças, investigando os conceitos de espaços públicos e suas novas formas de exteriorização, no intuito de perceber de que maneira a população de Belém o percebe como espaço público no seu sentido mais amplo: o de instrumento para a promoção do direito à cidade. A metodologia utilizada foi a de entrevista orientada com 20 transeuntes no dia 18 de setembro de 2017 aplicada sob o suporte teórico de estudiosos da área.Palavras-chave: Urbanização; Espaços Públicos; Produção Social; Acessibilidade.ABSTRACTThe urban public spaces have been the object of frequent study, since it is in these spaces that the social production of the city occurs. They are understood as public spaces, in their physical sense, the square, the street, the parks among others. This study aims to analyze the space of Mangal das Garças Park, investigating the concepts of public spaces, and their new forms of exteriorization, in order to understand how the population of Belém perceives it as a public space in its broadest sense the instrument for the promotion of the right to the city. The methodology used was an interview with 20 passers-by on September 18, 2017 applied to the theoretical support of scholars in the area.Keywords: Urbanization; Public Spaces; Social Production; Accessibility.RESUMENLos espacios públicos urbanos han sido objeto de estudio frecuente, pues, son en esos espacios que ocurre la producción social de la ciudad. Se entiende como espacios públicos, en su sentido físico, la plaza, la calle, los parques entre otros. Este estudio tiene como objetivo central analizar el espacio del Parque Mangal das Garças, investigando los conceptos de espacios públicos, y sus nuevas formas de exteriorización, con el fin de percibir de qué manera la población de Belén lo percibe como espacio público en su sentido más amplio : el de instrumento para la promoción del derecho a la ciudad. La metodología utilizada fue la de entrevista orientada con 20 transeúntes el día 18 de septiembre de 2017 aplicada al soporte teórico de estudiosos del área.Palabras clave: Urbanización; Espacios Públicos; Producción Social; Accesibilidad.
O PAPEL DA ESTRUTURA ORGANIZATIVA NO DESEMPENHO PRODUTIVO DE ASSENTADOS DE REFORMA AGRÁRIA NO MARANHÃO
Authors: Morais Ivan José Duarte de , Casseb Bárbara Duarte
Published: May 2019

THE ROLE OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE IN THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL REFORM SEATS IN MARANHÃOEL PAPEL DE LA ESTRUCTURA ORGANIZATIVA EN EL DESEMPEÑO PRODUCTIVO DE ASENTADOS DE REFORMA AGRARIA EN EL MARANHÃOO artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre a estrutura organizativa e o desempenho produtivo no contexto do assentamento familiar rural formados a partir de Projetos de Reforma Agrária. O município de Açailândia é a unidade de análise privilegiada por estar incluída dentro dos limites da Amazônia Legal e ser representativa do conjunto de Assentamentos rurais no Maranhão. A presente análise dedica especial atenção à relação entre os Projetos de Assentamento e a forma como são implementados na prática, com o intuito de revelar como o descompasso entre estes dois elementos compromete a sustentabilidade econômica dos assentados que revelam estratégias produtivas espontâneas, quase sempre incompatíveis com os processos modernos de produção e comercialização.Palavras-chave: Assentamentos Rurais; Reforma Agrária; Estrutura Organizativa; Produção.ABSTRACTThe article aims to analyze the relationship between organizational structure and productive performance in the context of rural family settlement formed from Land Reform Projects. Açailândia city is the unit of analysis privileged because it is included within the Legal Amazon limits and because it is representative of the set of rural Settlements in Maranhão. The present analysis devotes special attention to the relationship between Settlement Projects and the way they are implemented in practice, in order to reveal how the mismatch between these two elements compromises the economic sustainability of settlers who reveal spontaneous productive strategies, almost always incompatible with modern process of production and marketing.Keywords: Rural Settlements; Land Reform; Organizational Structure; Production. RESUMENEl artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la estructura organizativa y el desempeño productivo en el contexto del asentamiento familiar rural formados a partir de Proyectos de Reforma Agraria. El municipio de Acailândia es la unidad de análisis privilegiada por estar incluida dentro de los límites de la Amazonía Legal y ser representativa del conjunto de Asentamientos rurales en Maranhão. El presente análisis dedica especial atención a la relación entre los Proyectos de Asentamiento y la forma en que se implementan en la práctica, con el fin de revelar cómo el descompaso entre estos dos elementos compromete la sostenibilidad económica de los asentados que revelan estrategias productivas espontáneas, casi siempre incompatibles con los procesos modernos de producción y comercialización.Palabras clave: Asentamientos Rurales; Reforma Agraria; Estructura Organizativa; Producción.
VERTICALIZAÇÃO URBANA DE TERESINA-PI: considerações a respeito da produção do espaço a partir da construção vertical
Authors: Teixeira de Sousa Sara Raquel Cardoso , Viana Bartira Araújo da Silva
Published: May 2019

URBAN VERTICALIZATION OF TERESINA-PI: considerations regarding the production of the space from the vertical constructionVERTICALIZACIÓN URBANA DE TERESINA-PI: consideraciones a respeto de la producción del espacio a partir de la construcción verticalO presente artigo traz informações a respeito da verticalização urbana da cidade de Teresina-PI e considerações sobre a produção do espaço. O objetivo principal foi analisar a construção dos empreendimentos verticais e a produção do espaço urbano a partir desse tipo de construção, destacando como a mesma se espacializou no decorrer da evolução histórica da cidade de Teresina-PI. Esta pesquisa apresenta algumas considerações importantes a respeito da verticalização e da discussão teórica que envolve a temática, podendo contribuir para pesquisas futuras que visam apreciar a evolução histórica da verticalização na cidade de Teresina, tanto para profissionais da Geografia como também da História e Arquitetura.Palavras-chave: Verticalização; Espaço Urbano; Teresina-PI.ABSTRACTThis article presents information about the urban verticalization of the city of Teresina-PI and considerations about space production. The main objective is to analyze the construction of vertical enterprises and the production of urban space from this type of construction, highlighting how it has been spatialized in the course of the historical evolution of the city of Teresina-PI. This research presents some important considerations regarding the verticalization and the theoretical discussion that surrounds the theme, being able to contribute to future researches that aim to appreciate the historical evolution of the verticalization in the city of Teresina, for professionals of Geography as well as History and Architecture.Keywords: Verticalization; Urban Space; Teresina-PI.RESUMENEl presente artículo trae informaciones sobre la verticalización urbana de la ciudad de Teresina-PI y consideraciones sobre la producción del espacio. El objetivo principal es analizar la construcción de los emprendimientos verticales y la producción del espacio urbano a partir de ese tipo de construcción, destacando cómo la misma se espacializó en el transcurso de la evolución histórica de la ciudad de Teresina-PI. Esta investigación presenta algunas consideraciones importantes acerca de la verticalización y de la discusión teórica que envuelve la temática, pudiendo contribuir a investigaciones futuras que apuntan a apreciar la evolución histórica de la verticalización en la ciudad de Teresina, tanto para profesionales de la Geografía como también de la Historia y la Arquitectura.Palabras clave: Verticalización; Espacio Urbano; Teresina-PI.
ANALISIS KUALITAS LAYANAN WEBSITE SIKMB MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEBQUAL 4.0 (STUDI PADA BADAN PENGUSAHAAN (BP) BATAM)
Authors: Tukino Tukino
Published: May 2019

WebQual method is one method or technique of measuring the quality of a website based on the perception of the end user. This method is the development of methods Servqual compiled by Parasuraman, which are widely used earlier in the measurement of service quality. The research instrument at the WebQual developed with Quality Function Development (QFD). WebQual has been developed since 1998 and has undergone several iterations in the preparation of the dimensions and grains question. WebQual 4.0 is compiled based on the research in three dimensions, namely usability, information quality and interaction quality. In the process of analysis used tranches sample of respondents to 151 respondents consisting of website users SIKMB on Concession Agency (BP) Batam. The next stage is the analysis of data consisting of validity, reliability test and assessment with Likert scale. In the test the validity of using formula while the person correlation reliability test using Cronbach's alpha formula. In the assessment using a Likert scale.

Keywords: webqual, validity, reliability, likert scale

Pertumbuhan TIK yang demikian pesat menjadikan website sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari sebuah instansi dalam hal layanan bagi pengguna. Layanan suatu website perlu diukur untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pengguna dan memperoleh umpan balik. Dalam penelitian ini, kualitas website SIKMB pada BP Batam diukur dengan menggunakan metode WebQual 4.0. WebQual merupakan instrumen yang menilai kualitas suatu website menurut perspektif pengguna akhir. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis website SIKMB pada BP Batam dengan menggunakan metode Deskriptif dengan jumlah reponden sebanyak 151 dengan margin error sebesar 5% dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1). Aspek Kemudahan Penggunaan pada website SIKMB di BP Batam sudah baik; (2). Aspek Kualitas Informasi pada website SIKMB di BP Batam sudah baik; (3). Aspek Kualitas Interaksi pada website SIKMB di BP Batam sudah baik; (4). Namun keseluruhan nilai kualitas website SIKMB terhadap dimensi Kemudahan Pengguna, Kualitas Informasi, dan Kualitas Interaksi pada website SIKMB di BP Batam berada dalam kualitas yang baik.

Kata kunci: WebQual, Kemudahan Penggunaan, Kualitas Informasi, Kualitas Interaksi.
APLIKASI MOBILE STUDENT ASSISTANT PRODI SISTEM INFORMASI DI STMIK INDONESIA PADANG BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Chaniago Amuharnis
Published: May 2019

Mobile learning (m- learning) is a learning model that utilizes information and communication technology, bring the benefits of the availability of teaching materials that can be accessed at any time in the form of text, image, or video content. Almost all the material presented for lectures in major of information system in STMIK Indonesia in the form of M-learning content. This causes, need for an application that can facilitate to share M-learning either that teaching materials given lectures and tasks that have been completed by Student. This application mobile developed based on Android with mobile java programming language and Firebase as database. System development for this research is System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) with waterfall approach. The result of this researches is the creation of a Mobile Student Assistant Application based on Android that can be used to share m-learning, uploading, and downloading lectures by dean and students in major of information system in STMIK Indonesia Padang.

Keywords: Mobile Student Asistant, Android

Mobile learning (m-learning) merupakan model pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, membawa manfaat ketersediaan materi ajar yang dapat diakses setiap saat berupa konten teks, gambar, maupun video. Hampir seluruh materi yang disajikan untuk perkuliahan di jurusan sistem informasi pada STMIK Indonesia berupa konten m-learning. Hal ini menyebabkan dibutuhkannya sebuah aplikasi yang dapat memudahkan untuk berbagi m-learning baik itu materi ajar yang diberikan dosen maupun tugas yang telah diselesaikan mahasiswa. Aplikasi Mobile Student Assistant ini dikembangkan berbasis Android dengan bahasa pemrograman Java mobile dan Firebase sebagai basis data. Metode pengembangan sistem untuk peneitian ini adalah System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) dengan pendekatan Waterfall. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah terciptanya Aplikasi Mobile Student Assistant berbasis Android yang dapat digunakan untuk berbagi m-learning, mengupload, dan download tugas perkuliahan oleh mahasiswa program studi Sistem Informasi pada STMIK Indonesia Padang.

Kata kunci: Android, Mobile Learning
Features of cellular immunity and regeneration for alcoholic fibrosis of the liver
Authors: Gazatova N. D. , Yurova K. A. , Gavrilov D. V. , Vulf M. A. , Novitskii V. V. , Todosenko N. M. , Litvinova L. S.
Published: May 2019

Purpose. The subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes was evaluated in patients with alcoholic liver fibrosis (ALF).

Materials and methods. The study included 62 patients with ALF; 15 patients abusing alcohol without liver fibrosis and 20 conditionally healthy donors. In samples of lysed peripheral blood, the number of cells bearing surface markers was determined by flow cytometry. In patients with ALF at terminal stages of fibrosis, significant lymphopenia was recorded with a change in the composition of the main subpopulations of lymphocytes relative to the values of conditionally healthy donors and the comparison group.

Results. We identified in the blood of ALF patients with terminal (III–IV) stage (relative to control and comparison group) of the relative number of naive (TN) and central memory T-lymphocytes (TCM) associated with an increase in the number of effector cells (TEM and TEMRA) allows us to suggest in this category of patients the direct differentiation of TN and TCM lymphocytes to effector (TEM and TEMRA), which can aggravate the course of the tissue-destructive process due to the high biocidal activity of the latter. Elevated levels of hematopoietic (CD34 and CD133) cells in the peripheral blood at the initial and moderate stages. (I–II) fibrosis (relative to control and comparison group) may be due to persistent inflammation in the liver parenchyma and an increasing imbalance between the processes of its damage and reparative capabilities. Whereas the decrease in their number at the terminal station fibrosis may indicate an increasing decompensation and depletion of the regenerative potential of the organism in the final stages of the degenerative process.

Conclusions. In general, the obtained data demonstrate new aspects of the immune regulation of the processes of fibrogenesis in chronic alcoholism.
Induced immunosuppression in critical care: diagnostic opportunities in clinical practice
Authors: Grigoryev E. V. , Matveeva V. G. , Shukevich D. L. , Radivilko A. S. , Velikanova E. A. , Khanova M. Yu.
Published: May 2019

The immune system in critical illnesses initiates local inflammation in the damaged area. In the absence of a balance between local and systemic inflammations, an infectious or non-infectious systemic inflammatory response follows, which has a stage of "hyper inflammation - compensatory anti-inflammatory response", that may result in multi-organ failure. The final stage of critical ill-nesses, therefore, will be characterized by induced immunosuppression with the impaired function of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells and release of myeloid-derived suppres-sor cells. The aim of the review is to evaluate the contribution of various components of the im-mune response to the formation of induced immune suppression from the perspective of candidate diagnostic markers.
Immunophenotype of the macrophage population in fibrous, cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Golubinskaya E. P. , Filonenko T. G. , Kubyshkin A. V. , Yermola Yu. A. , Kalfa M. A. , Gerashchenko A. V. , Kramar T. V.
Published: May 2019

Objective: to study the immunophenotype of the macrophage population and the mechanisms of their vectorial redistribution in fibrous cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis.

Materials and methods. The material for the study was fragments of the fibrous cavern wall and pericavernous lung tissue of the dead or surgical patients diagnosed with fibrous cavernous tuberculosis (n = 163). All patients were divided into 2 main groups: patients with active bacteria excretion (MTB+, n = 84) and patients with clinical abacillation (MTB–, n = 79) for immunohistochemistry with a panel of markers for: macrophages and histiocytes – CD68; vascular growth factor A – VEGF-A; T-helpers – CD4, and T-cytotoxic lymphocytes – CD8.

Results. Following the analysis of CD68 expression, the population heterogeneity of macrophages was revealed depending on the intensity of the cytoplasmic reaction, functional activity, localization and quantitative characteristics. Three groups were identified: highly active, moderately active and weakly active. Based on the reaction with vascular growth factor A, it was determined that VEGF+ cells correspond to weakly active CD68+ macrophages and are located on the border between the specific granulation tissue and fibrous layer as well as in the pericavernous zone and intact lung tissue with a statistically significant predominance in patients with MTB– (p < 0.05). Regardless of the scope of bacterial secretion, the number of VEGF+ cells in the lymphoid follicle zone directly correlates with that of CD68+ macrophages in the pericavernous zone (R = 0.68) and indirectly correlates with the number of diffusely scattered VEGF+ cells in the fibrous capsule (R = –0.75). In the meantime, CD68+/VEGF+ are visualized in the zone of CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and CD68+/VEGF- – in the zone of CD4+ cell clusters. Such correlation indicates the redistribution of macrophages into type 2, which has a remodeling effect on the surrounding tissues with the potentiating participation of lymphoid cells.
The CD16A and CD16B mRNA level as potential immunological marker in colorectal cancer
Authors: Krasnogorova N. V. , Novikov D. V. , Fomina S. G. , Alyasova A. V. , Magomedov M. A. , Novikov V. V. , Karaulov A. V.
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate mRNA levels of genes encoding CD16A (FCGR3A) and CD16B (FCGR3B) in peripheral blood and tumors of colorectal cancer patients (CRC).

Materials and methods. The study included 66 CRC patients from Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncology Center and 111 people without cancer as a comparison group from Nizhny Novgorod Regional Blood Center named after N.Ya. Klimova. The mRNA relative levels in peripheral blood and tumor was detected by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction. The mRNA levels correlation and association with CRC clinical characteristics were assessed by statistic methods.

Results. The study suggests that in the peripheral blood of CRC patients the levels of mRNA FCGR3A and FCGR3B were statistically significantly lower than in healthy individuals. The mRNA levels remained low at 7–10 days after surgery. The FCGR3A mRNA normalized level in the blood and tumors of CRC patients, as well as in the blood of healthy individuals, was several times higher than the FCGR3B mRNA level. At the II stage of tumor development in CRC patients, the FCGR3A and FCGR3B mRNA levels were statistically significantly decreased, but as the tumor progressed is normalized. Moderate degree of tumor differentiation was also characterized by a drop in mRNA levels of the tested genes. Reduced FCGR3A and FCGR3B mRNA levels in the blood of patients were observed in the absence of metastases. In tumor samples, FCGR3A mRNA was tested in 95.5% of cases, FCGR3B mRNA in 68.2% of cases. Progression of CRC was accompanied by an increase in FCGR3A mRNA level in tumors, the FCGR3B mRNA level did not change. Positive correlation of FCGR3A mRNA level with TNF and FOXP3 mRNA levels was found, which indicates the possible involvement of FCGR3A in the regulation of chronic inflammation in tumors of CRC patients.

Conclusion. Changes in mRNA levels of genes encoding CD16A (FCGR3A) and CD16B (FCGR3A) molecules were detected in blood and tumor samples. The results indicate the potential for their use as monitoring immunological markers in CRC.
Interrelation of mast cells with spermatogenesis in norm and in case of damage
Authors: Khramtsova Yu. S. , Artashyan O. S. , Tуumentseva N. V. , Yushkov B. G. , Bukharina A. Yu.
Published: May 2019

The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the condition of mast cells of testes and spermatogenesis in normal and with various types of testicular damage.

Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on male rats of the Wistar line. Two experimental models of testicular damage were used puncture and compression. Morphological and morphometric methods of investigation were used to study the relationship between spermatogenesis and mast cells. To assess the functional state of the testicles by chemiluminescence, a study was made of the level of total testosterone in the blood.

Results. The similar destructive processes develop in the testicle with various injuries, characterized by the presence of necrotic tubules, seed balls, a decrease in the number of spermatogenic epithelial cells, an increase in the number of non-functioning tubules, and a change in a number of morphometric parameters. The reaction of mast cells to various types of damage is manifested in the enhancement of their functional activity. So after a puncture against the background of a decrease in the number of mast cells activation of their synthetic function occurs, while in squeezing the cells respond not only with an increase in functional activity, but also with an increase in their number in the organ.

The conclusion. Disturbance of spermatogenesis in various injuries of the testis is accompanied by activation of the functional activity of mast cells, regardless of the nature of the damage. However, the increase in the number of mast cells in the body occurs only with the preservation of the blood–testis barrier. Since normal spermatogenesis is carried out against the background of a sufficiently high synthetic activity of mast cells, this reaction of increased synthesis and degranulation can be considered as compensatory.
Сontent of cytokines and growth factors in the intraocular fluid of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Chernykh V. V. , Konenkov V. I. , Ermakova O. V. , Orlov N. B. , Obukhova O. O. , Eremina A. V. , Trunov A. N.
Published: May 2019

Purpose. To study the content of cytokines and growth factors in the intraocular fluid of patients with developed stage of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Materials and methods. 56 patients with a verified diagnosis developed stage of primary open-angle glaucomawere examined. The control group consisted of 30 patients with a diagnosis of uncomplicated cataract. A concentration of 17 cytokinesand 3 isoforms of the transforming growth factor (TGF) β was determined using a Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Cytokine 17-plex Assay and Bio-Plex Pro™ and TGFβ 3-plex Assay kit by flow-through fluorometry on a Bio-Plex 200, Bio-Rad double beam laser analyzer, USA.

Results. Astatistically significant increase was shown in the concentrations of cytokines and growth factors (interleukins (IL) 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 17, TGFβ 1, 2, 3, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 β) in the intraocular fluid of patients with developed stage of the primary open-angle glaucoma in respect to data obtained from the study of the intraocular fluid of the persons with uncomplicated cataract, as well as a statistically significant decrease in the concentrations IL-2, IL-10, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Conclusion. In the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma, the activity of the local chronic inflammatory process is determined. This is confirmed by statistically significant changes in the studied cytokines and growth factors. Increase in the concentrations of the studied representatives of the superfamily of transforming growth factors-beta, which have anti-inflammatory activity, the ability to stimulate proliferation, cell growth, synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins, etc., attests to their importance in the mechanisms of primary open-angle glaucoma development. Increase concentrations of IL-7 in the intraocular fluid of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma allows us to assume participation in the pathogenesis of the primary open-angle glaucoma of this autocrine mediator of activation of the growth of lymphatic structures.
Subpopulations of blood monocytes in patients with generalized hypoxia
Authors: Chumakova S. P. , Vins M. V. , Urazova O. I. , Azarova D. A. , Shipulin V. M. , Pryakhin A. S. , Bukreeva E. B. , Bulanova A. A. , Koshel A. P. , Churina E. G. , Sitnikova A. V. , Garganeeva N. P. , Novitskii V. V.
Published: May 2019

The aimof the work is to establish general regularities and features of differentiation of blood monocytes into 4 subpopulations in diseases associated with circulatory and respiratory hypoxia.

Materials and methods.18 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), 12 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP), 14 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 15 patients with newly diagnosed infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 12 healthy donors were examined. In whole blood, we determined the relative number of different subpopulations of monocytes by flow cytometry. The results were analyzed by statistical methods.

Results.It is shown that an increase in the number of classical (80.56 [77.60; 83.55]%) and the deficit of intermediate (10.38 [9.36; 11.26]%), non-classical (6.03 [5.24; 6.77]%) and transitional (2.14 [1.41; 3.92] %) monocytes in the blood is determined in patients with COPD when compared with the group of healthy donors (p< 0.05). In groups of patients with PTB and IHD, an increase in the number of intermediate monocytes (26.24 respectively [22.38; 42.88] % and 25.27 [15.78; 31.39]%) and the lack of transitional cells (1.77 [1.36; 3.74]% and 2.68 [2.63; 4.0]%) at the normal content of classical and non-classical forms of monocytes (p< 0.05) is detected. In patients with ICMP, a decrease in the number of non-classical monocytes (up to 5.05 [4.08; 6.58]%) is combined with the normal cell content of other subpopulations (p< 0.05). The interrelation between the number of classical and intermediate monocytes in patients with COPD (r= –0.63;p< 0.05), PTB (r= –0.72;p< 0.01), IHD (r= –0.59;p< 0.05), ICMP (r= –0.58;p< 0.05) was established.

Conclusion.In COPD associated with generalized hypoxia, an increase in the number of classical monocytes is combined with a deficiency of their other subpopulations in the blood. In PTB and IHD, antigenic stimulation of the immune system mediates accelerated differentiation of monocytes from classical to intermediate forms with a decrease in the number of transitional cells regardless of the etiology of the disease (infectious or non-infectious) and the type of hypoxia (respiratory or circulatory).
Monocytes and cancer: promising role as a diagnostic marker and application in therapy
Authors: Patysheva M. R. , Stakheeva M. N. , Larionova I. V. , Tarabanovskaya N. A. , Grigorieva E. S. , Slonimskaya E. M. , Kzhyshkowska J. G. , Cherdyntseva N. V.
Published: May 2019

Interrelationship between a malignant tumor and the immunity are provided by the involvement of both adaptive and innate immune systems. Monocytes are major participants in nonspecific immune response and mediate their key function through refilling the pool of tumor-associated macrophages, dendritic cells and myeloid suppressor cells. All these populations regulate the relationship of tumor-infiltrating immunocompetent cells with tumor cells and with other components of the microenvironment, as well as tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and dissemination. Monocytes, being direct participants of the chronic persistent inflammation, are involved in the inflammation impact on both tumor origin and progression. The study of the molecular mechanisms of monocyte recruitment and differentiation in malignant neoplasms seems to be a promising direction, both for a diagnostic purpose and as a search for targeting molecules for the control of macrophages and dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, the characteristics of peripheral blood monocytes are given, taking into account the heterogeneity of their population. Tie2+ cells and macrophage-polarized CD163+ and CD204+ -monocytes, as well as cancer-associated macrophage-like cells (CAMLs), are described as contributors to cancer disease progression and outcome. The involvement of monocyte subpopulations in the pathogenesis of oncological diseases of different localizations at the stages of the formation of monocyte precursors in the bone marrow, circulation in peripheral blood and differentiation in tumor tissue is shown.
The Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Organics in Surface Water of Beijing
Authors: changhong Sun , yaoyao Fang , wencui Ling , xueting Sun , yumei Fan , Huanli Li , wenwei Li , guizhong Li
Published: May 2019

The study of the distribution and health risk assessment is meaningful to provide basic data for environmental management．To investigate the pollution of potential toxic organics and their health risk to human beings, water samples were collected at 7 sites of main surface water of Beijing during wet and dry seasons respectively. The targeted 92 organics were detected, including phthalates (PAEs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phenols. The results showed that: there were 56 organics detected out, and the number ratios of detected compounds to the total compounds of the same kind increased as the following: VOCs, phthalates, phenols, PAHs. 8 VOCs were detected in wet season, and 3 in dry season. The concentration of 2,2-Dichloropropane was highest as 10.62ug/L, while the concentrations of other VOCs were below 5ug/L; There were 11 phthalates detected during dry season. The content of Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate was highest as 188.47ng/L; 17 phenols were found in samples during wet season, and the highest concentration was 1244.73ng/L for 4-nitrophenol; PAHs could be detected in all samples, and the detected compounds and the corresponding average concentrations were higher in wet seasons than those in dry seasons, which indicated that non-point pollution was possibly the main pollution source. The health risk assessment of the detected 56 pollutants by using a model from US EPA showed that, the risk caused by the four kinds of toxic organics in this study was in the acceptable ranges.
 Why Disability should be Included in the Professional Education of General Practice Medical Doctors
Authors: Whitehead Sarah , Kathard Harsha , Lorenzo Theresa
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT:This paper presents arguments for why it is important to include disability in the undergraduate medical curriculum. I, the first author am currently involved with my doctoral thesis proposal titled "Proposing clinician competency guidelines for the inclusion of disability in the undergraduate medical curriculum of South Africa. An exploratory study.” As part of my research, I conducted a literature search and developed arguments to strengthen the reasons why the research I propose in my thesis is necessary. It is important that I position myself in this research. I am a South African, Caucasian, female medical doctor, with an interest in physical rehabilitation medicine and I am a person with a physical disability. Although this research study will be conducted in South Africa, I am hopeful that the findings will be transferable to medical schools across the world.
On Mahler Expansion of p-adic Gamma Function Affiliated with the q-Boole Polynomials
Authors: Duran Ugur , Acikgoz Mehmet
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we investigate several relations for p-adic gamma function by means of their Mahler expansion and fermionic p-adic q-integral on ℤ_{p}. We also derive two fermionic p-adic q-integrals of p-adic gamma function in terms of q-Boole polynomials and numbers. Moreover, we discover fermionic p-adic q-integral of the derivative of p-adic gamma function. We acquire a representation for the p-adic Euler constant by means of the q-Boole polynomials. We finally develop a novel, explicit and interesting representation for the p-adic Euler constant including Stirling numbers of the first kind.
A Brief Minireview of poly-triazole: Alkyne and Azide Substrate Selective, Metal-catalyst Design
Authors: Huo Jingpei , Wang Shu-ni , Liang Yongpeng , Hu Xiaohong , Deng Qianjun , Dongchu Chen
Published: May 2019

Organic compounds that contain poly-triazole are very important intermediates in pharmaceutical and chemical industry. Click chemistry is one of essential reactions that can form C-N bond with high atom economy. The research progress in metals catalyzed Click chemistry of azides and alkynes from the perspective of reaction mechanism is categorized and summarized.
DOES FRACTIONAL RESERVE BANKING SYSTEM EXIST IN INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANKING?
Authors: Syamlan Yaser Taufik , Istiana Nur
Published: May 2019

Fractional Reserve Banking is the banking and financial system that have been applied in most countries around the world.  This research aims to look at the impact empirically and at the contributions given from the components of fractional reserve banking against inflation that occurs in Sharia Commercial Banks and Sharia Business Unit.  The fractional reserve banking components covered in these studies are statutory reserve requirement, total deposit, total financing, Mismatch Ratio, and Total non-performing financing.  This research is using VAR VECM and ECM as analysis tools and also collecting secondary data from OJK that spanned from June 2014 to September 2018.  The results of this research have found that Indonesian Islamic bank is doing the fractional reserve banking system (FRBS). Furthermore, the largest contributor of FRBS in Sharia Commercial Bank (BUS) is the Statutory Reserve Requirment while in sharia Business Unit the results showed that Third Party Fund and Mismatch ratio gives the greatest contributions against inflation. Interestingly, the UUS has greater contribution and shock to the inflation if we compare to the BUS.  To prevent the effect of it in the future, controlling mismatch and introducing the irrevocable investment account might be the solutions.
THE MONEY DEMAND FUNCTIONS IN ISLAMIC ECONOMY: NEW EVIDENCE FROM IRAN-ARDL APPROACH
Authors: Sadeghi Farzaneh , Khadivy Rofougar Saeed
Published: May 2019

The demand for money is one of the most fundamental issues of the monetary economy for policy decision. On the other hand, according to the principle of prohibition of Riba, attitudes about the money market conditions in Islamic economics, is quite different from conventional economics. Hence achieving the money demand function in an Islamic country would be necessary.
Most studies about the money demand in Islamic economy used the Keynesian approach, while in modern macroeconomics, money demand function derived by using the microeconomics-based approach. Hence in this article investigate some models of the microeconomics-based approach, then, in accordance with Islamic principles, it choose the best among them that is shopping-time model. After that we derive the Islamic money demand function. The results indicate that the demand for money is the function of income and rental rates of sukuk. The marginal product of capital due to an additional unit of income spend for Infaq (spending in Allah's way), depend on the expected inflation rate, depreciation rate and rental rates of Sukuk.
In this paper, apply ARDL approach to estimate the money demand function in Islamic republic of Iran in period of 1978-2008 i.e. after Islamic revolution. The results suggested that M1 and M2 money demand are co-integrated with income and rental rate of Sukuk. Incorporating CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests into co-integration analysis, we conclude that M2 money demand is more stable than M1.
AN INNOVATIVE FINANCING INSTRUMENT TO PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE THROUGH SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT SUKUK
Authors: Khouildi Mohamed Yassine , Hj. Kassim Salina
Published: May 2019

Purpose: Socially responsible investment (SRI) sukuk has a high potential to be an innovative financing mechanism for Islamic microfinance. This paper explores the possibility of implementing SRI sukuk for raising funds to support the microfinance industry and to promote financial inclusion. It also aims to identify the associated issues and challenges in implementing the SRI sukuk for microfinance purpose.
 
Methodology: The paper uses qualitative research method through a thorough review of existing literature, archives, and library research related to the area of social, sustainable and responsible investment sukuk, Islamic microfinance and their related issues.
 
Findings: The SRI sukuk has a high potential to be developed as innovative shariah-compliant mechanism as shown by Malaysian experience in issuing the SRI sukuk to develop socially-related projects including the educational and green energy sectors. The paper also highlights and learn from the successful experience of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development in issuing the first microfinance bonds.
 
Significance/Originality: The findings from this study provide inputs to the relevant stakeholders in implementing new financial tools to develop the social sector, especially Islamic microfinance in helping the poor and assist them to become economically independent. New innovative tools for raising funds in microfinance is highly needed to achieve sustainability of the microfinance industry.
Type of paper:  Research paper
MODELLING SMEs’ BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO ADOPT ISLAMIC CROWDFUNDING-SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (ICSMEs) MODEL AS A SOURCE OF FINANCING IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Thas Thaker Mohamed Asmy Bin
Published: May 2019

The present study has proposed Islamic Crowdfunding-Small and Medium Enterprises (ICSMEs) model to assist SMEs in meeting their need to access external financial services in Malaysia. Upon the proposed model, this study examines the behavioural intention of SMEs to use ICSMEs model. The primary data are collected from the survey administered to SMEs in the Klang Valley (n=250) and the analysis is conducted using Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS). Furthermore, the model has been validated its acceptance in the field by adopting the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study has revealed that both the perceived usefulness and perceived easy to use are found to have a positive impact on the behavioral intention of SMEs to use ICSMEs model, which later assist them to access to financial services in Malaysia. Furthermore, perceived easy to use has a positive relationship and direct effect with perceived usefulness of SMEs to use the ICSMEs model. The findings of this study can be used to develop a specific framework in which to examine other components of using the ICSMEs model’s behavior and to plan appropriate intervention strategies to increase financial accessibility by SMEs.
HOUSE PRICE CHANGES AND ISLAMIC BANK STABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA
Authors: Hui Kok Shiau , Ismail Normaz Wana
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we examine the relationship between house price and Islamicbank stability in Malaysia. In particular, in relating to Islamic bank stability toMalaysian house price changes, we evaluate the nature of the relationship from theperspective of nonlinearities. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modelis applied to a sample that consists of 9 Islamic banks in Malaysia for the periodof 2000-2016. Our results indicate that there is an inverted U-shaped relationshipbetween house price and Islamic bank stability in the long run. Meanwhile, therelationship is insignificant in the short-run. To put it differently, initially, thehigher house prices, the more stable the bank. Then, the impact of house prices onbank stability becomes negative when house prices surpass the threshold point.As far as the bank-specific characteristics are concerned, the cost to income ratiois found to significantly and negatively related to the bank stability. Such a resulthas policy implications in which it is crucial for achieving balance in the housingmarket, and efficiently managing the cost is equally important to ensure Islamicbank soundness.
The West Island Site (41MXI65)
Authors: King Kevin , Turner Mike
Published: May 2019

This paper describes a set of artifacts collected from the West Island site, a poorly known Titus phase cemetery in Ellison Creek Reservoir. The site is on a small knoll adjacent to a small spring branch that flows into the now-inundated Ellison Creek, a tributary of Big Cypress Creek.

The site knoll is now no more than one foot (30 em) above the normal pool elevation of Ellison Creek Reservoir, and it is usually totally submerged. Up to five feet (1.52 meters) of white sand caps the knoll, and overlies the clay subsoil. Due to continued submergence, the knoll is being eroded by the reservoir, anq. consequently many stone tools and pieces of lithic debris are present along the water's edge. Dart points and arrowpoints have been found at the site, along with some pottery sherds, but no grounds tone implements. Small amounts of charcoal were found around the top of the knoll in pockets of modern mussel shell and gravels, but its association with the site deposits is unknown. No middens are known to be present on the knoll.

The West Island site has been previously dug by private collectors sometime before 1965. Turner had examined some of the site collections, and reported that, ceramic vessels of the types Avery Engraved, Bailey Engraved, Bullard Brushed, Cowhide Stamped, Harleton Appliqued, Hodges Engraved, Karnack Brushed-Incised, Maydelle Incised, Ripley Engraved, Simms Engraved, Taylor Engraved, and Wilder Engraved were present in an unknown number of burials. These types of decorated ceramics are characteristic of the Titus phase, which dates from about 1400 to the 1600s.
Possible Archaeological Sites within the City Limits of Jefferson, Texas
Authors: Speir Thomas E.
Published: May 2019

In 1992, the author accompanied a longtime resident of Jefferson on a tour of the city to examine historic and prehistoric sites within the city limits that might be of archaeological interest. He became aware of many of these sites over 20 years ago while growing up in the area. The condition of the sites has, of course, changed radically since that time. Enough information about the sites was revealed to indicate where it might be worthwhile in the future to do more extensive archaeological and historical research.

We began our tour at 12:00 noon on July 24, 1992. My host drove, allowing the author to take notes on the sites. The first stops on the tour were in North Jefferson, while later in the day some possible sites in South and East Jefferson were looked at. Each site was numbered chronologically as they were shown to the author; the sites were also plotted on a map of Marion County and Jefferson. The same numerical system will be used in this report.
Alley's Mills: A 19th Century Mill Town
Authors: Jones Mary C.
Published: May 2019

The Alley's Mills town site was discovered' while examining a timber tract on Alley's Creek for a harvest cut by International Paper. A deep, rock-lined well, and a profusion of handmade bricks was discovered on a small knoll overlooking Alley's Creek, a tributary of Big Cypress Creek. Also found on the knoll were pieces of whiteware pottery, English blue transfer china, square nails, and glass fragments.

I contacted a local historian, Mr. Fred McKenzie, about the site. We walked over the site, which he had discovered several years ago. In the creek bottom, he pointed out an earthen structure that had been built around 1838 as a mill race to divert water to a grist mill wheel. The mill race is a levee-like structure, about one meter wide and two meters high, and runs in a NW-SE direction for about 800 meters. A wooden sluice was built on top of the race to direct the water flow. At the end of the mill race, under the surface of the water, is a large hand cut beam about one meter long with regularly spaced hand-hewn notches. The old roadbed of the Jefferson-Pittsburg road is visible across the tract, running directly past the knoll on which the brickwork was found and crossing the creek at the end of the mill race where the mill is located.
The Problem of Site Looting in East Texas
Authors: Perttula Timothy K.
Published: May 2019

It is likely that looting by treasure hunters and grave robbers has destroyed thousands of sites in East Texas. In the last 5 to 10 years, the vandalism and looting of archeological sites by commercial looters on private, state, and federal property has reached epidemic proportions. Undisturbed Caddoan Indian habitation sites and cemeteries, thought to date from about 1200 to 200 years B.P., are very vulnerable to disturbance and destruction by commercial collectors and looters. These folks are. destroying forever irreplaceable evidence about Texas' cultural heritage.

The looting and vandalism of Caddoan sites has been a persistent Texas problem since the early 1900s. In an illuminating October 1931 letter regarding the looting problems in Northeast Texas, Professor John R. Swanton of the Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, commented that "there seems to be no way to handle [the looters] except to salvage as much of the material as possible before they get to it.'t Professor J.E. Pearce of the University of Texas also noted in 1931 that unemployed geologists ...and farmers are digging up camp sites and burial places allover and selling the returns for whatever they can get...It is exceedingly discouraging. I am working as hard as I can with the funds at my disposal to salvage what I can of the situation.