bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In silico Evaluation of Anacyclus pyrethrum Composition for Inhibition of
Spike RBD-ACE-2 Interaction to Treat COVID-19
Authors: Pandey Anand Kumar , Awasthi Jayanti , Chaturvedi Kislay , Mishra Ayush , Yadav Shivangi , Rathore Soumya , Birwal Preeti
Published: January 2024

Background:

The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2, via its S1-subunit, binds with host
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors, and its S2-subunit mediates the fusion of the
virus to the host cell. The entry of SARS-CoV-2 inside the host cell can be prevented by inhibition of
the receptor binding domain (RBD) of S1-subunit of the spike. Anacyclus pyrethrum, a native herb
of Algeria, Spain and Morocco has antidepressant, analgesic, antimicrobial, anesthetic, antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac, antidiabetic and immunostimulant effects. Still, its antiviral effect
has not been established yet.

Methodology:

The present study deals with ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
and Toxicity), molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation based investigation to
evaluate the potential of Anacyclus pyrethrum constituents for effective spike RBD inhibition.

Results:

ADMET analysis revealed that 10 out of 12 significant constituents belongs to toxicity class
4 to 6 proving least toxicity of the plant extract with high LD50 values. Molecular docking analysis
of 10 considered compounds revealed that morphinan-6-one, 4,5.alpha.-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl,
a derivative of morphine (well-known analgesic and anti-inflammatory compound) gave the maximum
negative binding energy of -6.9Kcal/mol in best-docked conformation with spike RBD having
2 hydrogen bonds. Molecular dynamic simulation disclosed effective RMSD, RMSF, and Rg values
over the simulation trajectory with significant hydrogen bonding proving stable interaction of the
compound with that of the spike RBD.

Conclusion:

Hence, all these outcomes revealed the outstanding potential of the Anacyclus pyrethrum
extract to inhibit the spike RBD of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, further in-vitro investigation can
develop natural and effective treatments against COVID-19 disease.
Therapeutic Significance of Cornin in Medicine for Their Biological Importance and Pharmacological Activity: An Overview of Iridoid Glycosides of Verbena Officinalis L.
Authors: Patel Kanika , Patel Dinesh Kumar
Published: January 2024

Background:

Plant products have been used for the treatment of numerous kinds of
human disorders since the very ancient age. Iridoid glycosides are secondary plant metabolites of
medicinal importance that have been well investigated in the scientific field for their role in plants.
Numerous iridoid class phytochemicals have cardiovascular, anti-viral, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory,
anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, anti-spasmodic, hypolipidemic, choleretic, purgative,
and hypoglycaemic activity.

Methods:

Here in the present work, we have collected scientific information on cornin and presented
it with respect to its medicinal importance and pharmacological activities with their analytical
aspects. Scientific information on cornin has been collected from numerous scientific databases
such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google, and Scopus to know the biological potential of
cornin in medicine. Further, pharmacological activity scientific data of cornin has been presented
in this work with proper citations.

Results:

The scientific data of the present paper described the biological significance of cornin in
medicine. The further detailed pharmacological activity of cornin signified its therapeutic effectiveness
on cerebral ischemia, angiogenesis, autophagy, myocardial injury, cerebral injury, oxidative
injury, lipid peroxidation, proliferation, and cytochrome p450. Analytical data signified the
separation, isolation, and identification techniques of cornin in medicine.

Conclusion:

The scientific information of the present work will be beneficial for all scientific
people to explore the therapeutic effectiveness of cornin in medicine.
Gender and Access to Justice in the Informal Court System in Ghana: A
Descriptive Phenomenology in a Patriarchal Society
Authors: Adongo Awinaba Amoah , Dapaah Jonathan Mensah , Azumah Francess Dufie
Published: January 2024

Background:

Women and access to justice are global issues, especially in patriarchal
societies. There is a surprisingly small body of research on access to justice in the informal court
system in patriarchal societies. The purpose of this paper is to conduct an empirical qualitative
study on a local court case and use the findings to provide a critical analysis of women and access
to justice in the informal court setting in Ghana.

Method:

The exploratory qualitative research approach and phenomenological research design
were used in the study, which followed Colaizzi's process of descriptive phenomenological data
analysis. The study collected data from fifteen women who had used the informal court system to
address their grievances using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions as data collection
techniques. The data was collected via tape recording and then transcribed word for word.

Results:

The major themes that emerged from the research were as follows: (i) traditional gender
roles as impediments to justice (ii) social harmony-based adjudication, and (iii) the social consequences
of the court's decisions on the family households. Sub-themes are used to discuss these
major themes. According to the findings, women cooking and taking care of children, behavioural
socialisation norms, women as housewives, informal court decisions based on social harmony,
masculine rulings, lack of appeal for cases, women experiencing marital divorce, and lack of enforcement
for rulings were identified as significant factors influencing gender and access to justice
among women in the informal court system.

Conclusion:

Informal courts are accessible and affordable to women who do not have the privilege
of using formal courts due to the cost involved; however, the courts' decisions are reconciliatory
and do not provide women with equal access to justice. To provide fair justice to all people
in rural communities, the informal courts should be integrated with the formal procedure. As a
result of the findings, it is recommended that a comprehensive training programme for traditional
court judges on land issues, inheritance, and family law, dispute resolution, as well as international
human rights standards be implemented so they can handle cases in their respective jurisdictions.
Targeting Histamine and Histamine Receptors for Memory Regulation:
An Emotional Perspective
Authors: Fang Zhuowen , Chen Jiahui , Zheng Yanrong , Chen Zhong
Published: January 2024

Histamine has long been accepted as a pro-cognitive agent. However, lines of evidence
have suggested that the roles of histamine in learning and memory processes are much more complex
than previously thought. When explained by the spatial perspectives, there are many contradictory results.
However, using emotional memory perspectives, we suspect that the histaminergic system may
interplay with stress, reward inhibition, and attention to modulate emotional memory formation. The
functional diversity of histamine makes it a viable target for clinical management of neuropsychiatric
disorders. Here, we update the current knowledge about the functions of histamine in emotional memory
and summarize the underlying molecular and neural circuit mechanisms. Finally, we review the main
clinical studies about the impacts of histamine-related compounds on memory and discuss insights into
future research on the roles of histamine in emotional memory. Despite the recent progress in histamine
research, the histaminergic emotional memory circuits are poorly understood, and it is also worth verifying
the functions of histamine receptors in a more spatiotemporally specific manner.
Astrocytes and Memory: Implications for the Treatment of
Memory-related Disorders
Authors: Wang Juan , Cheng Ping , Qu Yan , Zhu Guoqi
Published: January 2024

:

Memory refers to the imprint accumulated in the brain by life experiences and represents
the basis for humans to engage in advanced psychological activities such as thinking and imagination.
Previously, research activities focused on memory have always targeted neurons. However, in addition
to neurons, astrocytes are also involved in the encoding, consolidation, and extinction of memory. In
particular, astrocytes are known to affect the recruitment and function of neurons at the level of local
synapses and brain networks. Moreover, the involvement of astrocytes in memory and memory-related
disorders, especially in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), has been
investigated extensively. In this review, we describe the unique contributions of astrocytes to synaptic
plasticity and neuronal networks and discuss the role of astrocytes in different types of memory processing.
In addition, we also explore the roles of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of memory-related disorders,
such as AD, brain aging, PTSD and addiction, thus suggesting that targeting astrocytes may
represent a potential strategy to treat memory-related neurological diseases. In conclusion, this review
emphasizes that thinking from the perspective of astrocytes will provide new ideas for the diagnosis
and therapy of memory-related neurological disorders.
Proposing a Principle-Based Approach for Teaching AI Ethics in Medical Education
Authors: Weidener Lukas , Fischer Michael
Published: January 2024

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, potentially leading to substantial advancements such as improved diagnostics, has been of increasing scientific and societal interest in recent years. However, the use of AI raises new ethical challenges, such as an increased risk of bias and potential discrimination against patients, as well as misdiagnoses potentially leading to over- or underdiagnosis with substantial consequences for patients. Recognizing these challenges, current research underscores the importance of integrating AI ethics into medical education. This viewpoint paper aims to introduce a comprehensive set of ethical principles for teaching AI ethics in medical education. This dynamic and principle-based approach is designed to be adaptive and comprehensive, addressing not only the current but also emerging ethical challenges associated with the use of AI in medicine. This study conducts a theoretical analysis of the current academic discourse on AI ethics in medical education, identifying potential gaps and limitations. The inherent interconnectivity and interdisciplinary nature of these anticipated challenges are illustrated through a focused discussion on “informed consent” in the context of AI in medicine and medical education. This paper proposes a principle-based approach to AI ethics education, building on the 4 principles of medical ethics—autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice—and extending them by integrating 3 public health ethics principles—efficiency, common good orientation, and proportionality. The principle-based approach to teaching AI ethics in medical education proposed in this study offers a foundational framework for addressing the anticipated ethical challenges of using AI in medicine, recommended in the current academic discourse. By incorporating the 3 principles of public health ethics, this principle-based approach ensures that medical ethics education remains relevant and responsive to the dynamic landscape of AI integration in medicine. As the advancement of AI technologies in medicine is expected to increase, medical ethics education must adapt and evolve accordingly. The proposed principle-based approach for teaching AI ethics in medical education provides an important foundation to ensure that future medical professionals are not only aware of the ethical dimensions of AI in medicine but also equipped to make informed ethical decisions in their practice. Future research is required to develop problem-based and competency-oriented learning objectives and educational content for the proposed principle-based approach to teaching AI ethics in medical education.
An Environmental Uncertainty Perception Framework for Misinformation Detection and Spread Prediction in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Artificial Intelligence Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Lu Jiahui , Zhang Huibin , Xiao Yi , Wang Yingyu
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation on social media has posed significant threats to public health. Detecting and predicting the spread of misinformation are crucial for mitigating its adverse effects. However, prevailing frameworks for these tasks have predominantly focused on post-level signals of misinformation, neglecting features of the broader information environment where misinformation originates and proliferates.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to create a novel framework that integrates the uncertainty of the information environment into misinformation features, with the goal of enhancing the model’s accuracy in tasks such as misinformation detection and predicting the scale of dissemination. The objective is to provide better support for online governance efforts during health crises.

METHODS

In this study, we embraced uncertainty features within the information environment and introduced a novel Environmental Uncertainty Perception (EUP) framework for the detection of misinformation and the prediction of its spread on social media. The framework encompasses uncertainty at 4 scales of the information environment: physical environment, macro-media environment, micro-communicative environment, and message framing. We assessed the effectiveness of the EUP using real-world COVID-19 misinformation data sets.

RESULTS

The experimental results demonstrated that the EUP alone achieved notably good performance, with detection accuracy at 0.753 and prediction accuracy at 0.71. These results were comparable to state-of-the-art baseline models such as bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM; detection accuracy 0.733 and prediction accuracy 0.707) and bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT; detection accuracy 0.755 and prediction accuracy 0.728). Additionally, when the baseline models collaborated with the EUP, they exhibited improved accuracy by an average of 1.98% for the misinformation detection and 2.4% for spread-prediction tasks. On unbalanced data sets, the EUP yielded relative improvements of 21.5% and 5.7% in macro-F1-score and area under the curve, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

This study makes a significant contribution to the literature by recognizing uncertainty features within information environments as a crucial factor for improving misinformation detection and spread-prediction algorithms during the pandemic. The research elaborates on the complexities of uncertain information environments for misinformation across 4 distinct scales, including the physical environment, macro-media environment, micro-communicative environment, and message framing. The findings underscore the effectiveness of incorporating uncertainty into misinformation detection and spread prediction, providing an interdisciplinary and easily implementable framework for the field.
Pregnancy in Patients Receiving Home Dialysis
Authors: Ankawi Ghada , Tangirala Nishanta , Jesudason Shilpanjali , Hladunewich Michelle A.
Published: January 2024

Pregnancy is an important goal for many women with CKD or kidney failure, but important barriers exist, particularly as CKD stage progresses. Women with advanced CKD often have a limited fertility window and may miss their opportunity for a pregnancy if advised to defer until after kidney transplantation. Pregnancy rates in women with advanced kidney failure or receiving dialysis remain low, and despite the improved outcomes in recent years, these pregnancies remain high risk for both mother and baby with high rates of preterm birth due to both maternal and fetal complications. However, with increased experience and advances in models of care, this paradigm may be changing. Intensive hemodialysis regimens have been shown to improve both fertility and live birth rates. Increasing dialysis intensity and individualizing dialysis prescription to residual renal function, to achieve highly efficient clearances, has resulted in improved live birth rates, longer gestations, and higher birth weights. Intensive hemodialysis regimens, particularly nocturnal and home-based dialysis, are therefore a potential option for women with kidney failure desiring pregnancy. Global initiatives for the promotion and uptake of home-based dialysis are gaining momentum and may have advantages in this unique patient population. In this article, we review the epidemiology and outcomes of pregnancy in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis recipients. We discuss the role home-based therapies may play in helping women achieve more successful pregnancies and outline the principles and practicalities of management of dialysis in pregnancy with a focus on delivery of home modalities. The experience and perspectives of a patient are also shared.
Обязательства калмыков и деятельность Зарго в начале XIX в.
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Komandzhaev Evgeniy A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The paper examines the correspondence between Civil Governor of Astrakhan S. Andreevsky and rulers, landlords of Kalmyk uluses — for an attempted analysis of the Zargo’s activity and common obligations imposed on residents of Astrakhan Governorate in the early nineteenth century. The issue in question remains understudied and needs some newly discovered archival sources be introduced into scholarly circulation. Goals. The study aims to characterize some essential aspects pertaining to fulfillment of obligations by Kalmyk communities and activity of the Zargo court in the early nineteenth century. Materials and methods. The paper focuses on record-keeping material currently housed at the State Archive Astrakhan Oblast and introduced hereby. The study basically employs both general scientific and special historical methods, with particular roles be played by that of systems analysis and the principle of historicism. Results. Our insights into the mentioned correspondence attest to both the sides were seeking to shape some general agenda of concerted practices. However, they were able to achieve consensus only on a number of issues, while others proved somewhat problematic. Conclusions. Special analyses show the then rulers of Kalmyk uluses were wary enough of most questions and proposals articulated by the Russian administration. So, the former voiced disagreements on a variety of facts, namely: lower wages of ethnic Kalmyk salt workers (as compared to those of Russian ones), absence of ethnic Kalmyk officers in Kalmyk frontier squads, arbitrariness of Russian executives in Kalmyk-inhabited lands, etc. The categorical objections of Kalmyk rulers and landlords resulted in that the Governor proposed to compile new regulations for Kalmyks and relocate the Zargo’s headquarters closer to Astrakhan. These are indicative of that Kalmyk elites tended to disapprove the then efforts of Russian authorities aimed at integrating Kalmyk-inhabited territories into the administrative and political system of Russia.
Участие жителей Калмыкии в позднесоветских и постсоветских вооруженных конфликтах: статистический и военно-антропологический аспекты
Authors:   Southern Scientific Center of the RAS (41, Chekhov Ave., 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation), Krinko Evgeny F. , Ochirov Utash B. ,   Southern Federal University (105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya St., 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation),   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article is the first scholarly attempt to comprehensively summarize the experiences of Kalmykia’s residents in armed conflicts of the mid-twentieth to early twenty first centuries. In the study, special attention is given to the military-anthropological aspect, as well as to the analysis of statistics on the participation of the region’s residents in hostilities. Materials and methods. The work examines official data from the Military Commissariat of the Republic of Kalmykia, field data (interviews with participants of combat operations in Afghanistan and the North Caucasus), a few media publications, and collected memories by Kalmykia’s residents about fallen combatants. The study focuses on some systematic and comprehensive approaches, employs various research methods, including the comparative historical, statistical ones, and that of oral history. Results. The paper shows residents of Kalmykia have taken part in many wars and armed conflicts of the country, both in the late Soviet and post-Soviet periods. The vast majority of combatants participated in military operations in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and the North Caucasus (1994–2000s). As for the combatants proper, the majority of them were obligatory conscripts. The study also discusses some military-anthropological aspects, such as peculiarities of adaptation of Kalmykia’s natives to military service during hostilities, circumstances of their transformation into combatants, articulated memories and eyewitness accounts of experienced conditions and military service proper, relations with locals, specifics of returning to civilian life, and rethinking of one’s participation in war.
Концепт «байн / богатство» в калмыцком языке (на лексикографическом и фольклорном материале)
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University (11, Pushkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Esenova Tamara S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article examines the parametric concept of wealth which occupies an important place in a human value system. Goals. The paper attempts an insight into the concept of wealth (bain) in Kalmyk linguoculture. To facilitate this, the work shall identify and analyze linguistic means employed to represent the concept of wealth; describe some figurative and value components of the concept; outline certain features of behavior motivated by the investigated concept. Materials and methods. The study focuses on data from Kalmyk (Russia) and Oirat (Xinjiang, PRC) lexicographic sources, with due attention be paid to the Etymological Dictionary of Mongolic Languages. It employs tools of lexical/semantic analysis to specify somewhat essential content of the concept under consideration, tools of linguocultural analysis to describe figurative and value components of the concept. Results. The analysis shows the Kalmyk language contains a variety of means to verbalize the concept in question. The concept of wealth (bain) has a field structure, namely: the core is formed by the lexemes bain, elvg, zӧӧr, mal; their derivatives and set phrases cluster together to shape the near periphery; while cultural texts associated with wealth constitute the far periphery. Conclusions. The essential content of the examined concept is reduced to the possession of resources (gold, silver, livestock, money). Its figurative components indicate an individual with a large fortune who is smart, lucky, diligent enough, but is equally generous and stingy, has no debts and is surrounded by friends. In Kalmyk discourse, wealth is associated with the value concepts arranged as follows: wisdom (wit) is the utmost wealth, the average one is children, while the minor one be livestock. The harsh conditions of livestock breeding had developed a philosophical attitude towards wealth within the community. So, when it comes to wealth, it is believed priority should be given to spiritual (immortal) gems rather than material ones, humans be patient in work and stay away from any theft.
К истории монастыря Дрепунг
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation), Zhabon Yumzhana Zh.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article examines the early history of Drepung Monastery, which since its foundation in 1416 has become one of the most important Buddhist educational centers in Tibet. The importance of Drepung for the Tibetan Geluk school and in general for the religious, cultural and political life of Tibet and the Mongolian-speaking peoples is enormous. However, its true scale is still not fully appreciated. Especially important is the information from the original Tibetan sources related to the name of Tsong-kha-pa (1357–1419) and his relationship with his direct disciples, such as ‘Jamyang Choje (1379–1449), the founder of Drepung Monastery. The purpose of the research is to study the main aspects of the history of Drepung Monastery, a brief biography of the founder, and some items of the monastery's material and spiritual culture. Materials and methods. The work is based on the study of “The History of the Foundation of the Four Monasteries [Sera, Ganden, Drepung and Tashilhunpo] and the Two Tantric Datsans of Gyuto and Gyume” (Grwa sa chen po bzhi dang rgyud pa stod smad kyi dkar chag pad dkar 'phreng ba), compiled in 1744 by Purchok I Ngawang Jampa (Phur lcog ngag dbang byams pa, 1682–1762). Results. The presented materials allow us to trace the main stages of the life of Jamchen Choje, the prosperity and decline of Drepung in Tibet. It is noted that the recreated “Indian” Drepung almost completely preserved all the basic elements of religious activity, the administrative and disciplinary structure of the monastery as well as the regional kantsen communities that existed in Tibet before 1959.
«Мы имеем на сто процентов взаимное доверие». Из истории координации народнохозяйственных планов МНР и СССР на пятилетие 1971–1975 гг.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Kamandzhaev Narma A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the little-studied topic of the history of Soviet-Mongolian planning coordination on the example of coordination of the plans of the MPR and the USSR for the five years of 1971–1975. The purpose of the article is an objective study of this process, which is expressed in identifying its course and mechanisms of commission, as well as determining its role in economic cooperation between countries. Materials and methods. The research was based on archival materials of the USSR State Planning Committee, the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Secretariat of the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance. Results. The coordination of the plans of the MPR and the USSR for the five-year period 1971–1975 was a multi-stage process. First, during negotiations and two consultations of the authorities of the countries, five-year plans for the development of the national economy of the countries were agreed upon, and then during the five-year plan, annual plans were coordinated. Conclusions. The content of the coordination of the five-year plans consisted, on one hand, in an exchange of views on the draft “Main directions for the development of the national economy of the MPR”, and, on the other, in discussing some procedural issues. In turn, all the main decisions on economic cooperation between the countries in 1971–1975 were taken at the level of party and government delegations, which determines the purely technical role of planned coordination in the system of relations between Mongolia and the Soviet Union during the period under review.
Копейный бой в военном искусстве калмыков и джунгар XVII – начала XIX вв.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Bobrov Leonid A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article examines the features of the formation and evolution of the Oirat light cavalry armed with spears of the Late Middle Ages and early Modern times. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of spear fighting in the military practice of the Dzungars and Kalmyks of the XVII – early XIX centuries on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of written, pictorial and material sources. Results. It has been established that in the Central Asian region for centuries shock spears and pikes remained mainly the weapons of armored cavalry, while light nomads without armor used them only sporadically. During the military transformations carried out by the Oirat and Mongol military leaders of the second half of the XVI–XVII centuries, mounted archers were equipped with shock spears and pikes, which led to the emergence of a new type of cavalry composed of lightly armed spearmen capable of conducting both remote and close combat. During the military campaigns of the Oirats, which covered most of steppe Eurasia, the idea of mass light cavalry with spears was adopted by many peoples of the Great Steppe, including Russian Cossacks and Turks of Eastern Europe (Nogais, Crimean and Polish-Lithuanian Tatars). In turn, the battle on the spears of the Polish-Lithuanian Tatars (Lipkov) formed the basis of the military practice of the Polish lancers, which became a model of such cavalry for the countries of Central and Western Europe of the XVIII – early XIX centuries. Based on the analysis of Mongolian, Oirat, Ottoman, European and Qing written sources, the original name of the Oirat long–barrel weapon of the XVII–XVIII centuries was revealed, which sounded like “jida” (“dzida”). The design features of the Oirat spears were established, the spear fighting technique and tactics of mounted Kalmyk and Dzungarian warriors armed with spears were reconstructed. Conclusions. The collected materials indicate that spears and pikes were the main type of melee weapons of the Oirat warriors of the XVII – early XIX centuries. Spear fighting was one of the key elements of the military art of the Dzungars and Kalmyks of this period. The Oirats had a significant impact on the development of the practice of equestrian spear fighting among the peoples of Eurasia of the XVII–XVIII centuries.
Родовая группа монгуш ~ мунгуш. К вопросу этногенеза и этимологии названия
Authors:   Tuvan State University (36, Lenin St., 667000 Kyzyl, Russian Federation), Kara-ool Lyubov S. , Akerov Tabyldy A. ,   International University of Kyrgyzstan, Institute of Ethnology (255, Chüy Ave., 720001 Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic)
Published: January 2024

Goals. The article attempts an ethnogenetic analysis of the Tuvan clan Mongush and the Kyrgyz clan Mungush, seeks to delineate some features of their intra-clan patronymy, and provides an insight into the clan name etymology with the aid of folk etymologies. Materials. The study focuses on publications dealing with the topic, analyzes field data collected by the authors during dialect and comprehensive research expeditions. Results. The analysis concludes the issue had stirred interest of many researchers of Central Asia and Siberia since the nineteenth century, and remains as relevant to date. Tuvans who identify themselves as Mongush tend to perceive themselves not only as members of the large clan but also as representatives of some certain intra-clan group — one of the eight patronymies recorded in the Tuvan language, just like the Kyrgyz Mungush who have two large branches — zhagalmai tamga and kosh tamga — each to comprise six intra-clan clusters. The Mongush ~ Mungush ethnogenesis is based on Turkic population pool. The Mongush are distributed not only in Tuva but also beyond its borders, namely: those are the Mungush from Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan, the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan, and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. However, the academic opinions about kin relations between the Tuvan Mongush and those of Fergana Kara-Kirghizes/Osh Kyrgyzes require further historical and folklore insights.
Религиозная лексика в письмах хана Аюки и их русских переводах
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Yarmarkina Galina M.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Religious vocabulary is a means to express a special view of the world, a special value system. Goals. The work aims to identify some specific patterns in the functioning of religionyms in seventeenth-eighteenth century Kalmyk official letters and their Russian translations. Materials and methods. The article examines a total of seventy nine letters by the Kalmyk Khan Ayuka for the years 1685 to 1715 — and their parallel Russian translations. The original texts are housed by the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts and the National Archive of Kalmykia. Results. The analysis of religious vocabulary reveals certain differences in linguistic worldviews articulated by representatives of different religions. The texts contain religionyms associated with Buddhism (in Kalmyk letters), Orthodox Christianity (in Russian translations), and Islam (single mentions in Kalmyk letters and their Russian translations). In most cases, religionyms act as an important tool of diplomatic etiquette. Our comparison of the original texts and their translations made it possible to identify some semantic extensions pertaining to Kalmyk religion-related toponyms — names of places of pilgrimage, while there are almost no traces of Buddhist terms in Russian translations, which may be explained by differing religious ideas and concepts.
Лингвистические особенности живого разговорного языка жителей Бардымского района Пермского края (некоторые фонетические и грамматические отличия от литературного языка)
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology (32, Zaki Validi St., 450076 Ufa, Russian Federation), Abdullina Gulfira R. , Abdullina Liliya B.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Northwestern Bashkir is a vernacular language spoken by Bashkirs inhabiting the northwestern parts of Bashkortostan and — the southern parts of Perm Krai in the valleys of the Tulva and the Barda (latter’s left tributary). As for Perm Bashkirs, they form communities in Bardymsky, Permsky, Osinsky, Kuyedinsky, Chernushinsky and a number of other districts. The rural inhabitants still speak the Gaina dialect (a dialect of the Bashkir clan Gaina, Bash. ғəynə) of northwestern Bashkir. Goals. The article examines some ethnolinguistic features of the living colloquial language spoken by inhabitants of Bardymsky District (Perm Krai, Russia). The study of the Gaina dialect is of historical significance, and the latter cannot be considered fully articulated to date. The former has been subject to repeated scientific discussions and is still a most controversial scientific issue that is of utmost interest to researchers. There is no unequivocal opinion in scientific discourse as to ethnic characteristics of the language spoken by the inhabitants of the delineated area. Materials and methods. Our insight into the material from the perspective of cross-cultural communication in the era of growing interest towards other cultures may prove instrumental in learning the originality of equal dialogic interaction between representatives of different linguocultures, which makes it possible to cognize a different cultural reality in comparison with one’s own. The work employs the analytical and structural-typological methods, techniques of linguistic observation, expeditionary collection and systematization. Results. The shaping of a peculiar and unique dialect of Gaina Bashkirs was facilitated by that the latter had been geographically somewhat separated from the bulk of their fellow tribesmen. The Gaina dialect spoken in Bardymsky District is rich in phonetic and grammatical features characteristic of northwestern Bashkir, including related dialects (and subdialects). At the same time, the paper’s insight into the available material reveals some certain features inherent to the region only.
Эцкиннь мах ид!: концепт отец в проклятиях калмыков
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., 358000 Elista, Russian Federation), Bayanova Aleksandra T.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Curses constitute an earliest stratum of ethnic oral narratives and still remain somewhat understudied. The former’s shaping resulted from belief in magic and the latter’s supposed ability to bring harm onto one’s opponent. The article attempts a textual analysis of oral curses once recorded from ethnic Kalmyks. Goals. The study seeks to outline semantic features inherent to formulas of curses in B. Bergmann’s dictionary of Kalmyk phraseological units, and investigate his letters for cursing phrases containing the lexeme ‘father’. Materials and methods. The phrases subject to descriptive analysis have been selected via continuous sampling. The paper focuses on B. Bergmann’s Kalmyk phraseological lists and letters (‘Nomadische Streifereien unter den Kalmȕken in den Jahren 1802 und 1803’), other Mongolian language materials. Results. The linguoculturological and contextual insights into the formulas of curses make it possible to delineate the latter’s communicative essentials and semantic components. Thematically, the variety of curses can be reduced to a number of ill wishes, such as loss of health and life, misfortunes in family and decreased living standards, etc. Our semantic analysis suggests the formulas are largely culture-specific and may be viewed as manifested spiritual experiences and mental attitudes of the then Kalmyks. So, the paper comprehensively examines the not that widespread Kalmyk curses containing the lexeme ‘father’ from B. Bergmann’s letters.
Опыт определения копромаркеров в отложениях археологических памятников (по материалам стоянки Сельунгур, Южный Кыргызстан)
Authors:   Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the RAS (17, Lavrentiev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Shashkov Mikhail V. , Zhilich Snezhana V. , Chargynov Temirlan , Krajcarz Maciej T. , Alisherkyzy Saltanat , Bence Viola , Shnaider Svetlana V. ,   J. Balasagyn Kyrgyz National University (547, Frunze St., 720033 Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic),   Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences (51/55, Twarda St., 00-818 Warsaw, Republic of Poland),   University of Toronto (19, Ursula Franklin St., ON M5S 2S2 Toronto, Canada)
Published: January 2024

Introduction. The article discusses the results of a study of ash layers from Holocene deposits at the Selungur (Surungur) Cave. Goals. So, the work attempts a practical evaluation of a method of identifying coprostanols in archaeological sediments. The investigation of Holocene deposits of the site was carried out in 2018 and 2021 field seasons. The study identifies a total of 7 Holocene layers that represent the typical ‘fumier’ facies of cave and rock shelter deposits connected to pastoralism and animal husbandry practices, and built up of stratified layers of burnt herbivore dung. The sequence contains a record of multiple earthquakes that disturbed the sediments and effected in water escape structures, plastic deformations, and faults. Nevertheless, the stratigraphy remains easily readable. Unfortunately, archaeological and paleofaunistic materials were never found but a series of ash-containing interlayers suggests that the cave was repeatedly visited by ancient humans. Materials. In the ash deposits, our micro charcoal analysis has identified areas of concentration of burnt dungs which was used for fire. Series of samples were taken throughout the section of Holocene deposits for gas mass spectrometry analysis. The research efforts have also included the analysis of modern dung from herbivores inhabiting the area, such as cows, sheep, goats, horses and donkeys, for the latter obtained data to serve as a reference collection. Results. Unfortunately, layer 7 of the Selungur Cave proved characterized by poor preservation of fire products, while layers 6–1 yielded somewhat rich data. The obtained results make it possible to identify coprosterols and determine that equine dung was used in layers 6-2 as a fuel, and goat dung — in the first layer. The most widespread distribution of equines in this region occurred during the existence of Dayuan (Parkan) state, in the third century BC and later in the Middle Ages. Most likely, during these periods the mountain corridor comprising the Selungur Cave could have been used as a pass of the Silk Road that connected the Fergana and Alay valleys. The accumulation of the upper layer, in our opinion, is associated with the modern era.
Категория падежа в ваховском хантыйском языке (на материале современных полевых данных базы LingvoDoc)
Authors:   Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the RAS (25, Solzhenitsyn St., 109004 Moscow, Russian Federation), Vorobeva Victoria V. , Novitskaya Irina V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University (30, Lenin Ave., 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation),   National Research Tomsk State University (36, Lenin Ave., 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2024

Introduction. In Khanty dialects, the category of grammatical case shows its largely heterogeneous character and varies in terms of quantity and quality. As for Eastern Khanty, linguists hold different views on the composition of this category and its representatives, which results from a discrepancy in interpreting statuses of some case indicators. Goals. The article seeks to systematize available data on case indicators identified in Vakh Khanty and presented in scholarly studies of the nineteenth-twentieth centuries, compare them to field data obtained in the twenty first century and digitized on the LingvoDoc platform for independent research. Methods. The analysis of published data on Vakh Khanty has been carried out via the descriptive/comparative and structural research methods. Field data collection techniques for Vakh Khanty included direct observations of native speakers’ speech, a survey, interviews on various topics, audio recordings, and transcriptions of the latter. Results. Our review of the scholarly literature from the past centuries on the Vakh Khanty dialect shows a variety of opinions about the number of attested case markers and their functional specifics, an inconsistency of approaches to terming some of them, and a variance of the morphemic form designations. Analysis of the contemporary field data with the LingvoDoc platform’s functional tools and comparison of the results against some previously described data do confirm a stability of the Vakh Khanty dialect case system, identify the source of terminological synonymy in the nominal paradigm, and develop a classification of case markers based on their functional features. The functional parameter makes it possible to distinguish between a case marker with a predominantly grammatical orientation and a group of case markers whose profile is associated with the expression of semantic relations. In the group of semantic cases, further division into subgroups is also possible, due to the type of semantic specialization of individual case markers. Conclusions. Semantic cases fall into a subgroup of cases with spatial semantics, a subgroup with the semantics of compatibility, and a subgroup that combines cases with oblique (indirect) semantics. The distribution of case formants into subgroups is complicated by certain syncretism of semantics in a large number of case morphemes, which ultimately leads to some blurring of the subgroups’ boundaries and a variance in the terminological nomination of case morphemes.
Exploring profitable opportunities: Analysing technical indicators combinations for profitable trading
Authors: Mukund Harsha Achuta , Kesava Rao Vaddi Venkata Sundara
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of three technical indicators, namely Simple moving average (SMA), On-balance volume (OBV), and Commodity channel index (CCI), in identifying profitable trading opportunities. Drawing inspiration from the work of Naved and Srivastava (2015b), this research uses historical price data from 50 undervalued companies in comparison with the returns of NIFTY 50 companies. To assess the long-term feasibility of these indicator combinations, a performance analysis is carried out over 10 years, encompassing a sizable 8,50,209 trades. The analysis focuses on trade count, total return percentage, average profit per trade, and the Sharpe Ratio. The results highlight five indicator combinations that consistently generate more positive returns than negative returns, with fewer trades. The results highlight five indicator combinations consistently generating more positive returns than negative returns, with the best strategy achieving an average return per trade distributed between 0 to 30 percent (50 percent of trades), 30 to 70 percent (25 percent of trades), and less than 25 percent of trades incurring negative returns of up to -10 percent. CCI emerges as the most effective indicator for profitability, followed by OBV and SMA. This research equips market participants with valuable insights for well-informed investment decisions, emphasizing both potential returns and risk management.
Laplace transform of analytic composite functions via Bell’s polynomials
Authors: Ricci Paolo , Caratelli Diego , Natalini Pierpaolo
Published: January 2024

Bell polynomials have already been used in many different fields, ranging from number theory to operator theory. Here another application in Laplace Transform (LT) theory is shown, describing a method for computing the LT of nested functions. A table containing the first few values of complete Bell polynomials is shown, and a program for deriving the next ones is given. A program for approximating the Laplace Transform of composed analytic functions is also presented.
A comparative analysis of religiosity in Croatia and Serbia
Authors: Gavrilovic Danijela
Published: January 2024

In this paper we compare religiosity (denomination, self-declared
religiosity, and religious practice) among the citizens of Croatia and
Serbia. After the dissolution of Yugoslavia, Croatia and Serbia followed
their own specific paths of development, but they still had something in
common, and that was rising religiosity. Thirty years on, this rising
religiosity has found a place in the very tissue of the studied societies.
By interpreting the data from various empirical studies carried out over the
past fifteen years (EVS 2008, 2017, INVENT culture 2021), we would like to
point out the similarities and differences in the rising religiosity of
believers in both countries, as well as in the types of religiosity. The aim
is to identify the trends in religiosity in these societies (an increase or
decrease in the number of believers, the level of religious practice, and
changes in the typology and profile of the practitioners). The conducted
analyses indicate that Croatia is approaching the ?European model? with a
large number of secularized and spiritual believers, but there is also a
?counter-movement? intensifying religious practices. In Serbia, church
religiosity is strengthening, accompanied by a persistently high level of
religious identification without practice.