bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shipboard Evaluation of Motion Sickness Incidence and Human Engineering Problems
Authors: Bittner A C , Guignard J.C.
Published: July 2017

Seakeeping trials of a United States Coast Guard (USCG) cutter in March 1984 included a human factors engineering (HFE) evaluation having particular regard to problems of seasickness in certain work stations. Some motion sickness incidence and related data, and the derivation of human factors engineering principles from such data were reported by Bittner & Guignard in 1985: and some findings supporting the general utility of using magnitude estimation of motion sickness for operational comparisons were presented later (Bittner & Guignard, 1986).

The present communication documents the previously unreported seasickness and related data from those trials; and the implications of the data for the planning of future seakeeping trials. It also reviews the general conclusions of the shipboard HFE evaluations.

The subjects were 16 male USCG officers and enlisted personnel assigned to duties in mission-critical workspaces, to whom two questionnaires were administered systematically: namely, Motion Sickness Symptoms and Prewatch Status. The latter instrument evaluated intervening variables including sleep and use of medication. Analyses including correlation of questionnaire and ship motion data led to the following conclusions: (1) Contrary to traditional assumptions, seasickness is characterized by at least two functionally independent factors, identified as F1 (symptomatic General Motion Illness) and F2 (Retching-Vomiting). (2) Both factors showed declines across days as well as similar carry-over and location effects within days. However, F1 reflected persistent individual differences and was strongly associated with the vertical component of the ship's motion; while F2 was transitory and associated with large transverse relative to vertical components of motion. (3) The results support previously published human factors engineering principles for minimizing seasickness incidence (Bittner & Guignard, 1985) (4) Validity of future sea trials requires (a) multiple-score scaling of motion sickness (eg, using F1 and F2); (b) control of subject crew movements about the ship during periods of observation; and (c) avoidance of steaming patterns that induce extraneous carry-over effects.
The Role of ‘Background Stressors’ in the Formation of Annoyance and Stress Responses
Authors: Benton S. , Leventhall H.G.
Published: July 2017

Background stresses have a chronic effect on our lives and stimulate the development of coping strategies. The paper considers low level low frequency noise (LLLFN) as a background stressor and the coping response to it of either improving sensitivity as an aid to location or reducing sensitivity in an attempt to habituate. It is considered that LLLFN is a proven background stressor which is not evaluated correctly by conventional noise measures.
Audible Noise Produced by the Sporadic Changes of Tensile Forces in a Belt Driven System
Authors: Öztürk Cuneyt
Published: July 2017

The tensile forces of a drive belt have static and dynamic components. Static forces are related to the steady power transmission, whilst the dynamic forces are dependent on the eccentricity of the pulleys, non-uniformity of the belt and pulley surfaces and the dynamic loading. This study describes a successful endeavour to analyze the effects of variation of tensile forces on the noise emission of the drive system. In belt driven systems, the static tensile forces are dependent on initial tensioning, mean value of power transmission and belt speed. Dynamic tensile forces, which cannot be limited by the elastic extension and contraction of the belt relative to rigid pulley surface, are also considered as one of the major causes of noise emission. Results show that the tensile forces can cause parametric excitation of the transverse flexural vibrations that are dominant at twice the fundamental frequency of the belt span. The variations of static tensile forces and sporadic changes, whose fluctuations cause side peaks of the fundamental frequencies, can be considered in an analytical model by neglecting the inertia of the pulley and bending stiffness of the belt. Tensile forces can lead to further vibration and noise problems in belt driven systems by causing increase of torsional and rectilinear vibrations and amplification of noise emissions.
The Measurement of Low Frequency Impedance Using an Impedance Tube
Authors: Peng C , Morrey D , Sanders P
Published: July 2017

An accurate and reliable prediction of car interior noise would be a significant step towards improving the design of car body panels and trim for a quieter vehicle. Automobile noise is dominated by low frequencies, from 50 to 300 Hz and therefore a technique is necessary to measure acoustic impedance of the trim materials at low frequencies. This paper presents the use of a two-microphone technique to measure impedance at low frequencies. A purpose built impedance tube has been developed based on theoretical analysis of the influence of microphone location on the estimate of impedance. It has been found that the location of the two microphones is crucial to the accuracy of measurement. Analytical results have shown that the ideal microphone location is with both the microphone spacing and the distance from the tested material to the nearest microphone taking the value of a quarter wavelength. Microphone spacing of a half wavelength should be avoided.
Active Control of the Structural and Acoustic Responses of a Fluid-Loaded Plate; Part I: Analysis of the Physical System
Authors: Kessissoglou Nicole J. , Pan Jie
Published: July 2017

The nature of the fluid–loading on a line–driven elastic plate significantly affects the structural and acoustic responses. As the fluid–loading increases, the fluid–structure interaction affects the wave propagation in the structure, as well as both the level and directivity of the sound radiation from the structure into the fluid field. The structural and acoustic responses of a line–force driven infinite plate under various fluid–loading conditions are considered. A detailed understanding of the fluid–structure interaction, including the effects of both heavy and light fluid–loading on the radiated sound pressure, sound power and structural response are clearly illustrated by numerical examples using the exact solution of the system equations. The results from this analysis of the physical system also provide useful information for the design of an active control system to effectively reduce the structural and acoustic responses of the fluid–loaded plate.
The Effects of Prototype Helicopter Seat Cushion Concepts on Human Body Vibration Response
Authors: Smith Suzanne D.
Published: July 2017

The driving-point impedance and transmissibility techniques were used to evaluate the effects of military helicopter seat cushions on human body vibration response. Small females (5th percentile or less for body weight) and large males (95th percentile or greater) were exposed to vibration in the frequency range of 3 to 21 Hz at 0.59 m/s2 rms. Transmissibilities were calculated between the acceleration measured at selected anatomical sites, including the chest, head, spine (C7), and thigh, and the input at the seat. Seating configurations included the rigid seat, a current inventory seat cushion, and a prototype cushion with an inflatable thigh support in both the deflated and inflated positions. Rigid mass tests showed that the single resonance frequency and associated magnitude peaks were significantly lower for the two prototypes. The most dramatic effects in the humans were observed in the magnitudes of the peak head and spine transmissibilities located between 4 and 6 Hz with the use of the prototype cushions. Both the deflated and inflated cushions significantly increased the peak head and spine transmissibilities in the females, while decreasing or attenuating the transmissibilities in the males as compared to the rigid seat and the current inventory cushion.
Pentecostal Theological Method and Intercultural Theology
Authors: Cartledge Mark J.
Published: July 2017

This paper explores recent Pentecostal scholarship in its attempt to articulate a Pentecostal theological method. In order to appreciate the roots of the academic study of Pentecostalism more broadly this study refers to the field of intercultural theology. Intercultural theology denotes the creative dialogue that local theologies have one with another. Two very different approaches to theology are considered in particular which have engaged with the Pentecostal tradition. The conclusion suggests an integration of Pentecostal-charismatic spirituality, as per the insights of Pentecostal theological method, within the process of practical theology as an intercultural and comparative empirical discipline.
Putting Heart and Soul into Research: An Inquiry into Becoming ‘Scholar-Practitioner-Saint’
Authors: Adams David
Published: July 2017

In this paper the author explores the relationship between his research and his personal development. The author is part of a community of scholars at the Oxford Centre for Mission Studies that is passionate about translating faith and knowledge into practical action in culture and society. His work therefore has broader relevance. The paper highlights the need for recognising multiple identities and ‘inter-disciplines’ involved in research which can then lead to the development of the community as whole. The main question it seeks to intentionally address is: What kind of person-in-community am I becoming through research?
Wave Coupling in Dynamic Analysis of Space Structures: Part 1—Small Axial Forces
Authors: Frances R. , Rosenhouse G.
Published: July 2017

The wave-coupling method is implemented here for three-dimensional transfer matrices of space structures. It should be noted that sub-transfer matrices extracted from those presented here may be used to describe the boundary conditions, which saves a lot of computer space.

A numerical example verifies velocity compatibility at a joint of a three-dimensional frame.
The Use of Pneumatic Rings and Spirals in Space Structures and Framework Systems
Authors: Trushchov A.G. , Ivanov G.P.
Published: July 2017

The paper discusses the results of research in forming fast erecting pneumatic framework structures with the use of pneumatic rings and spirals. We investigate the description of structures, methods of erecting and dismantling, working features and applying such pneumatic structures as covering with opening ends, wavy vault with transformable semiarches, elastic volume supported by pneumatic pillars, flexible sheathing with pneumatic supporting frame for vault coverings, sheathing for column concreting, elastic funnelled volume, device for assembling rigid building structures. Description of pneumatic structures is illustrated by explanatory schemes and figures.
Nonlinear Numerical Analysis of Composite Space Trusses
Authors: El-Sheikh A L
Published: July 2017

The composite action between an upper concrete slab and a double-layer space truss has been shown to have positive effects on the behaviour of such structures. Primarily, the prevention of the typical brittle behaviour of trusses and the introduction of appreciable ductility are among the important benefits. Substantial improvements have been achieved also in both stiffness and ultimate strength. The analysis of composite space trusses requires a careful study especially in the modelling of the shear connection between the concrete slab and the steel truss, involving shear studs mounted on both the nodes and the members of the top chord. Additionally, parts of the concrete slab may be projecting inside the top chord members, and therefore contribute to the shear interaction. This connection, being far from simple, could be modelled using various techniques. The present paper concentrates on these techniques, and numerical results are produced for each case (using a previously-developed and verified finite element program) and compared with the experimental results of a full-scale composite space truss tested earlier. As a conclusion of this work, two methods for preliminary and final design of composite space trusses are recommended for future use.
Sensitivity of Space Trusses to Sudden Member Loss
Authors: El-Sheikh Ahmed
Published: July 2017

Space trusses typically contain a large number of members, and possess a high degree of statical indeterminacy. However, a number of members have been identified as critical to truss integrity, with the loss of any of them likely to produce serious strength reductions. Furthermore, when these members are lost suddenly, e.g. due to the failure of a faulty connection or the buckling of a slender member, their forces are shed into the structure in a dynamic manner, leading to yet more severe damage. This paper presents a numerical study on the sensitivity of space trusses to both gradual and sudden member losses. The effect of composite action between a top concrete slab and a space truss in reducing this sensitivity is assessed. Other factors that are also considered in this work include the truss aspect ratio and supporting condition.
Cross-Cultural Marketing: A Classroom Simulation
Authors: Stull James B. , Baird John W.
Published: July 2017

Acknowledging the significance of multinational corporations, this paper stresses the importance of the development of cross-cultural sensitivity in marketers. Attention is given to components of culture, including: language, religion, attitudes, social organization, technology, education, politics and law. Methods of developing cross-cultural sensitivity are suggested, followed by a classroom simulation designed for that purpose. Discussion includes communication skills utilized by and the adaptions of the simulation for industrial and governmental training programs.
Common Errors in Using Marketing Management Games
Authors: Sanchez Peter M.
Published: July 2017

Users of games frequently make basic errors in the planning and administration of games which in turn seriously limit their potential as learning vehicles. These errors include failure to establish objectives, failure to position the game within the course framework, failure to provide timely instructor intervention, and emphasis on results versus learning. The purpose of this paper is to explore these errors and provide recommendations to avoid them.
Student Behavior Before and After Case Discussions
Authors: Dunn Dan T. , Minichiello Robert J.
Published: July 2017

This paper discusses several important and not so obvious aspects of student behavior before and after class discussions of case studies. The authors cite specific instructor strategies for encouraging adequate preparation before class both by individuals and study groups. Also, negative aspects of study group such as the ‘group parasite syndrome’ are presented, as well as methods of control. Similarly, desirable and undesirable forms of post-class behavior are identified. Practical techniques are presented for encouraging students to think about a case after class discussion has ended. The paper concludes with a discussion of “case ethics” and methods of encouraging desirable behavior.
Video Tapes as a Dimension of Instructional Technology: A Case Study
Authors: Laplaca Peter J. , Laric Michael V. , Tucker Lewis R.
Published: July 2017

Today's marketing educators are faced with the task of improving teaching effectiveness and productivity with the challenge of broadening student exposure to real world marketing situations. This article demonstrates how video taping can be used to improve these dimensions. An additional dimension, outreach, which involves interacting among the marketing faculty and the local business community, can also be enhanced via video tapes.
An Experimental Study of the Effectiveness of Learning Objectives and Exercises in Marketing
Authors: Dwyer F. Robert , Klebba Joanne M.
Published: July 2017

A crucial problem for educator's in a professional discipline like marketing is the gap which exists between a student's ability to reiterate material and a student's ability to apply or use the same material in a practical situation. This study uses stated objectives and experiential learning exercises as advocated by educational psychologists, to address this problem. Two separate experimental, classroom studies of the undergraduate introductory marketing course are reported. The results raise questions about the benefit-cost effectiveness of distributed learning objectives supplemented by experiential reinforcement exercises.
Zur Frage der Satellitose bei der nichteitrigen Enzephalitis des Rindes
Authors: Khater A. R.
Published: July 2017

Cytometrical investigations were carried out on 20 bovine brains with different stages of encephalitis as well as on normal brains. The number and distribution of glial and nerve cells were determined and the results were evaluated statistically. The density of the nerve cells was found to be less in the basal ganglia than in the cerebral cortex ($x 82.9 and $x 110.4 in 324 mm2 respectively). In the normal condition the neuroglia are evenly distributed (Basal ganglia $x 285.5 and cerebral cortex $x 277.1). A great increase in glial cells could be observed in the advanced stages of encephalitis (Basal ganglia $x 392.8, cerebral cortex $x 335.5). An increase in satellite cells was also observed in encephalitis as well as in the pre-encephalitic phase. The degree of increase in satellitosis was found to correspond to the stage of encephalitis. An increase in satellitosis can also be considered as a sign of the pre-encephalitic phase.
Ultrastructural Evaluation of the Canine Hypothalamic-Neurohypophysial System in Diabetes Insipidus Associated with Pituitary Neoplasms
Authors: Koestner A. , Capen C. C.
Published: July 2017

The ultrastructure of the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system in dogs was shown to be similar to other mammalian species. Diabetes insipidus was manifested morphologically by vesiculation and loss of ribosomes from the endoplasmic reticulum and an inactive Golgi apparatus in the neurons of the supraoptic nucleus. Axons and axon-terminals within the pars nervosa were devoid of mature neurosecretory granules. The diabetes insipidus appeared to be the result of compression of neurons within the supraoptic nucleus by the slowly expanding adenohypophysial neoplasm which resulted in a diminished synthesis of transport protein.
Adenocarcinoma of the Ciliary Body
Authors: Bellhorn Roy W. , Henkind Paul
Published: July 2017

Two cases of adenocarcinoma of the ciliary body in the dog are described. Invasion of ocular tissues and, in 1 case, extraocular tissue occurred, however distant metastasis did not. These characteristics are similar to those of such tumors in man.
A Spontaneous Uterine Tumor in a New World Primate Saguinus (Oedipomidas) oedipus
Authors: Moreland A. F. , Woodard J. C.
Published: July 2017

The first case of a uterine tumor in the New World primate Saguinus (Oedipomidus) oedipus is described. Histologically, the tumor was composed of telangiectatic vessels, proliferating smooth muscle, and an intervening dense collagenous matrix. These structures were considered to represent a hamartomatous growth of primoidial uterine elements.
Pneumonia in Rats Due to Infection with Corynebacterium kutscheri
Authors: Giddens W. E. , Keahey K. K. , Carter G. R. , Whitehair C. K.
Published: July 2017

A spontaneous outbreak of infection with C. kutscheri occurred in a commercial rat colony. Clinical signs were emaciation, hyperpnea, nasal and ocular encrustations, humping of the back, sluggishness, and roughness of the hair coat. Caseopurulent foci, 1 to 15 mm in diameter, occurred, primarily in the lungs and occasionally in the liver, kidneys, and subcutis. Corynebacterium kutscheri was consistently isolated from organs with lesions. Typical lesions were experimentally reproduced in some, but not all, rats inoculated by the intranasal, intraperitoneal, and oral routes with cultures of C. kutscheri.
Spontaneous Tumors in Holtzman-Source Rats of Various Ages
Authors: Schardein J. L. , Fitzgerald J. E. , Kaump D. H.
Published: July 2017

Spontaneous development of tumors in 5086 Holtzman-source rats ranging in age from 1 to 18 months is reviewed. Overall incidence of tumors was 4.3% (8.2% for females, 2.3% for males). Statistical analysis of the data demonstrated that the potentiality for tumors was comparable to previously reported lifetime studies. Characteristics of development of tumors are given, and the more uncommon tumors are described briefly. The occurrence of tumors in young rats in this survey indicates the need for accumulating data on tumors in other than “old” rats as an aid in interpreting data obtained from toxicological studies.
Blair's Africa: The Politics of Securitization and Fear
Authors: Abrahamsen Rita
Published: July 2017

Prime Minister Tony Blair has described Africa as a “scar on the conscience of the world.” This article argues that New Labour's increasing attention to Africa is part of an ongoing securitization of the continent; interactions with Africa are gradually shifting from the category of “development/humanitarianism” toward a category of “risk/fear/threat” in the context of the “war on terrorism.” The securitization of Africa has helped legitimize this “war on terrorism,” but has very little to offer for Africa's development problems.
Material Properties for Part Design and Material Selection
Authors: Trantina Gerald G.
Published: July 2017

Fracture maps based on a ductility ratio that is a function of strain rate, temperature and geometry can be used to assess potential part failure due to impact or other severe loadings. Creep data presented as deformation maps provide useful geometry-independent design information where time and temperature are important design variables. For glass-filled injection-molded materials, the cross-flow stiffness and strength properties are sometimes only 50% of the flow properties and are sensitive to the specimen thickness. For cyclic loading situations, stress/cycles-to-failure information is used to assess lifetime of parts, while crack propagation data can be used if the initial defect size is known.
Finite Element Modeling of Radiant Heating on Polymeric Materials
Authors: Thrasher Mark A.
Published: July 2017

Forthe thermoforming of polymers, the heating is a very timely and crucial process. The most common method of heating polymers is radiative heating. During such heating conditions, the polymer surfaces are subjected to tremendous heat fluxes. This results in significant temperature gradients throughout the polymer sheet cross section. Hence, a model to describe and predict the heating process is needed. T his paper focuses on the finite element technique and how it can be implemented for predicting polymer heating rates and temperature profiles throughout the cross section. The first part of the paper focuses briefly on the theory behind finite element modeling, while the latter part of the paper looks at the heating aspects of polymers.
Progressive Fracture of Blade Containment Composite Structures
Authors: Gotsis Pascal K. , Chamis C. C. , Minnetyan Levon
Published: July 2017

Damage progression and penetration of blade containment composite structures due to impact load is evaluated by using computational simulation. An integrated computer code (CODSTRAN) was modified to simulate the progressive damage and penetration of composite structures under impacting loading. The objective of this work is to describe the modification required in order to evaluate the response of a containment fiber composite structure hit by an escaped blade. The simulation traces the history of damage initiation, growth, accumulation, progression and propagation to containment or penetration. Results show that the initial velocity of the escaped blade determines the damage initiation, propagation and containment or penetration containment composite structure of specified laminate thickness and configuration.
Chemical Resistance and Tensile Properties of Short Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Rajulu A. Varada , Baksh S. Allah , Reddy G. Ramachandra , Chary K. Narasimha
Published: July 2017

Short bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites have been developed with varying fiber length. The chemical resistance tests indicate that the composite materials are resistant to acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonia, benzene, carbon tetrachloride and toluene. The variation of tensile load at break with fiber length has been studied and the tensile load is found to be maximum for the fiber length of 30 mm.
Deregulation at the EEOC: Prospects and Implications
Authors: Thompson Frank J.
Published: July 2017

This essay examines the prospects for deregulation at the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in the 1980s. Enforcement reduction rather than target or standards deregulation seems most likely to surface. While this development may in part spring from EEOC deference to particular policy preferences dominant in the White House, the decline in or limited growth of the agency's resources will probably be more important. Specifically, austerity may well contribute to enforcement reduction by reinforcing the EEOC's propensity to emphasize complaint processing rather than self-initiated investigations into patterns of discrimination. Of particular relevance for students of public administration, enforcement reduction by the EEOC may well be more in evidence in the private as opposed to the public sector. The implications of these developments for compliance with equal employment opportunity laws receive attention.
How Well Can Editors Predict Reader Interest in News?
Authors: Bernt Joseph P. , Fee E. Frank , Gifford Jacqueline , Stempel Guido H.
Published: July 2017

This Ohio study comparing public preferences and editors' estimates of those preferences shows that editors overestimate reader interest in crime, religion, the stock market, local business and sports.
News for the Culture: Why Editors Put Strong Men Hitting Baseballs on Page One
Authors: Polumbaum Judy
Published: July 2017

Newspaper editors recognize cultural priorities and preoccupations embedded in stories and, to the extent that their judgments embody assessments of audience receptivity, quite consciously act as agents of cultural interpretation and transmission.
Okinawans' Voices Heard in Rape Crisis Coverage
Authors: Horvit Beverly
Published: July 2017

An analysis of elite U.S. newspapers' 1990–2005 coverage of Okinawa shows an explosion of coverage after the 1995 rape of a child by U.S. soldiers. Administration officials represented no more than 26 percent of the sources.
Reporters See Indifference on Genetically Modified Food
Authors: Steiner Linda , Bird Nora
Published: July 2017

Interviews with journalists indicate decreasing public opposition to genetically modified food and the perception that U.S. consumers do not understand these products. Journalists continue to be skeptical about sources and experts on GM food.
Rating Citizen Journalists versus Pros: Editors' Views
Authors: Nah Seungahn , Chung Deborah
Published: July 2017

A statewide survey of community newspaper editors found editors rated the importance of professional journalists' roles higher than they rated citizen journalists' roles.
Editorial Cartoonists: A Descriptive Survey
Authors: Best James J.
Published: July 2017

A survey of the American Association of Editorial Cartoonists provided a current description of the field of editorial cartooning. Along with demographics, training and self-perception of their status in the newsroom, the survey provided information about leaders in the field, the importance of talent, the work environment, constraints on creativity, self-perception of the cartoonists' role and cartoonists' political views.
Back to the Newsroom: Journalism Educators' Professional Activities
Authors: Pease Ted
Published: July 2017

A survey of Newspaper Division members of AEJMC provided some insights about how journalism educators work with the newspaper industry in a variety of specialities. Although not a generalizable survey, the study suggests educators should inform the industry better about services that can be rendered and should take the initiative in establishing contacts. A list of educators who work newspapers, categorized by activities, is provided.
Newspaper Tort Liability for Harmful Advertising
Authors: Stevens George E.
Published: July 2017

The liability of being a “conduit” for harmful product or service advertisements has been considered in only a few reported cases. Two New York decisions, however, indicate reckless behavior might make a mass medium liable for a consumer's injury. To avoid such liability, a newspaper should ask an advertiser for information to support the truthfulness of his claim, at least when the advertiser's reliability is questionable and there is reason to believe his message could be “dangerous.”
The Social World of the Statehouse Pressroom
Authors: Shields Steven , Dunwoody Sharon
Published: July 2017

An observational study found Wisconsin statehouse political reporters organized in a social network with four hierarchical levels. Reporters shared routine story information across network levels to promote reporting accuracy and consistency. Reporter relationships with sources were often friendly unless editors reimposed “watchdog” ways of behaving toward sources. Rather than duplicating wire service reports to avoid “missing the story of the day,” reporters instead depended on the wires to supplement their own enterprise reporting.
Source Reliance and Use in Reporting State Government: A Study of Print and Broadcast Practices
Authors: Atwater Tony , Fico Frederick
Published: July 2017

Previous state house reporting research has found similarities in coverage and story treatment by print and broadcast media. A survey of Michigan state house reporters and a content analysis of state government stories compared source reliance and citation by print and broadcast reporters. The findings demonstrated a significant and positive correlation between the two groups of reporters on source use and source citation. However, the groups differed on particular sources relied upon and cited in state house coverage. Newspaper stories cited more interview and documentary sources than did broadcast stories and were more likely to present more diverse perspectives on state government.
Editorial Page Editors and Endorsements: Chain-owned vs. Independent Newspapers
Authors: Dizier Byron St.
Published: July 2017

Political views of editorial page editors working at the nation's chain-owned papers were compared to those of independent publication editors. Independent newspapers split their endorsements in 1984, but the chain-owned papers endorsed Reagan by a 3-1 margin over Mondale. However, a solid majority of the editors at both papers said they voted for Mondale. The majority of editors at chain-owned papers described their publishers as Republicans, while those at non-chain papers were divided almost evenly among Democratic, Independent and Republican publishers.
Journalists Who Leave the News Media Seem Happier, Find Better Jobs
Authors: Fedler Fred , Buhr Tom , Taylor Diane
Published: July 2017

A Central Florida survey found more than half the area's former journalists had planned to make the field their life-time career, but left within 12 years. Most were well-educated and apparently successful, yet they portrayed journalism as a frustrating profession, characterized by low pay, poor management and bad hours. They found new jobs with more freedom, better working conditions and real job security. Many went into public relations, and 72% received raises.
Trading Places: Reader Reactions to the Knoxville Newspaper Switch
Authors: Miller M. Mark , Chen Shu-Ling , Everett Stephen E.
Published: July 2017

One month after the 1986 Knoxville Journal change of publication time to afternoon and the Knoxville News-Sentinel change to morning, 488 subscribing households were surveyed. Data indicate almost 5% of the sample canceled subscriptions, 15% switched newspapers to retain their old delivery time and only 15% were “glad” the switch occurred The morning paper had fewer cancellations and a larger proportion switched to it. Readers with morning delivery spread their reading throughout the day, while readers with afternoon delivery concentrated their reading in the afternoon and evening.
Effect of Chain Ownership on Newspaper Management Goals
Authors: Demers David Pearce , Wackman Daniel B.
Published: July 2017

Concentration of ownership has raised questions about whether chain-owned newspapers are less concerned than independently owned newspapers with fulfilling their social responsibility role. This study found editors at daily chain-owned newspapers are more likely to say “profit” is a goal “driving” their organization; however, there is no evidence to suggest chains are less concerned with “product quality.”
One Newspaper's Coverage of 1990 Earthquake Prediction
Authors: Showalter Pamela Sands
Published: July 2017

Coverage by a major newspaper nearest to the predicted quake's locale gave the prediction more credence than it was due.
How Newspapers Use Readership Research
Authors: Beam Randal A.
Published: July 2017

Most newspapers do readership research, but type, quality and use vary widely.
When Press Protects its Turf: A Case Study in Editorial Ethics
Authors: Gribbin August K.
Published: July 2017

Coverage of the Michigan telecommunications bill, as well as editorials about the bill, in which the press had a vested interest, were biased against the telephone industry.
Civic Journalism as Research
Authors: Lambeth Edmund , Craig David
Published: July 2017

The practices of civic journalism are a fit focus for perfecting needed methods to build a tradition of media performance assessment. This can and should be a joint venture of the academicians and practitioners of journalism.
Role of Special Sections and Subsidiary Publications in Competitive Environment
Authors: Shaver Mary Alice , Lewis Regina Louise
Published: July 2017

Newspapers are developing their own niche products primarily to generate advertising revenue, but increased readership also may be a goal.
The Power of Combined Therapies: BOTOX and Ablative Facial Laser Resurfacing
Authors: Carruthers Jean , Carruthers Alastair , Zelichowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2017

Introduction:

The etiology of facial rhytides is multifactorial. Static rhytides are caused by environmental factors and heredity, whereas dynamic rhytides are caused by the repetitive action of muscles during facial expressions. A successful multifactorial therapeutic approach is to use ablative laser resurfacing to reduce the static component and BOTOX to soften the dynamic component of the facial rhytide.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed the charts and photographs of 53 consecutively treated subjects to evaluate the relative strengths of the static and dynamic treatment modalities on the individual's final aesthetic result. To remove any potential for bias, the treatments were all carried out by author J.C. The photographic and chart reviews were performed by author A.C., and the subjective patient questionnaire was completed by author A.Z.

Results:

Adding BOTOX to CO2 laser resurfacing improved the result objectively from 30% to 60%. However, adding BOTOX to Erbium:YAG laser resurfacing improved the result only marginally (40% to 47%).

Discussion:

Combined therapy with CO2 laser resurfacing and BOTOX gave the most pronounced aesthetic benefit. Combined treatments with Erbium-YAG laser resurfacing and BOTOX was a less powerful treatment blend.
Complications of Ambulatory Phlebectomy: A Review of 4000 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Olivencia Jose Antonio
Published: July 2017

Introduction:

Ambulatory phlebectomy has proven to be an effective procedure for the treatment of varicose veins. Nonetheless, as with all operative procedures, it too has its proper complications for which the surgeon must be prepared. Complications, minor or major, consequential or inconsequential, are reported.

Materials and Methods:

The complications in 1905 patients who underwent 4000 consecutive ambulatory phlebectomies in a 9-year period are recorded and discussed.

Results:

The major complications encountered were blister formation, pigmentation, telangiectasia matting, and, infrequently, skin necrosis. Complications requiring treatment totalled 2.5%.

Discussion:

It is the author's belief that all complications should be recorded in order to better appreciate the care and precision one must take in executing this seemingly simple procedure.
Unfavorable Results after Cosmetic Blepharoplasty—A Study of 41 Patients
Authors: Mauriello Joseph A.
Published: July 2017

Introduction:

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the various types of unfavorable results after cosmetic blepharoplasty and adjunctive mid–face-lift and their management by an oculoplastic surgeon specializing in cosmetic eyelid surgery.

Materials and Methods:

The charts of patients who had unfavorable results after cosmetic eyelid surgery in the 3-year period ending October 31, 2002, were retrospectively reviewed. An unfavorable result after cosmetic blepharoplasty was defined by a (a) need for functional revisional surgery or (b) request from the patient for cosmetic revision.

Results:

Review of over 300 charts from the author revealed 41 patients who met criteria for inclusion in the study. Twenty-one patients had functional problems that required additional surgery and 13 patients sought further corrective surgery for cosmetic problems. Seven patients had complications that did not warrant further surgery, including dry eye, ectropion, or lagophthalmos. In these patients, the problem gradually resolved or required topical lubrication. The most common problem was lower eyelid retraction, which occurred in 10 patients and required functional repair in 9.

Discussion:

Canthopexy or lower eyelid shortening helps present lower lid retraction after cosmetic lower blepharoplasty and is advisable is virtually all cases. However, canthopexy alone does not present lower lid retraction especially when mid–face-lifts are concomitantly performed. Surgeons should strive for symmetrical results because patients who request cosmetic repair notice asymmetry. Transient dry eye and conjunctival Chemosis due to exposure keratitis with or without accompanying significant malposition often resolves with conservative treatment. Preoperative ophthalmologic consultation may help determine patients who are predisposed to symptoms of dry eye after cosmetic blepharoplasty. An unfavorable result may necessitate early repair when the ocular function is compromised. The author concludes that most patients are satisfied and happy with a more modest improvement after cosmetic blepharoplasty that is achieved without a complication.
Evaluating and Approaching the Cosmetic Patient
Authors: Sadick Neil S.
Published: July 2017

An increasing number of baby boomers in the population are seeking consultations for cosmetic surgical procedures. The approach described in this article in treating the cosmetic patient may lead to increased patient satisfaction. The initial consultation with careful consideration in choosing the appropriate cosmetic procedure, matching patient expectations with physician capabilities, detailed informed consent, and fastidious postoperative care make up the backbone of the key to a successful clinical outcome.
Modified Propofol-Ketamine Cosmetic Surgery: Anesthesia Technique for Surgeon-Administered Anesthesia with Particular Reference to Liposuction
Authors: Yoho Robert , Mullen Kevin
Published: July 2017

Propofol-ketamine (PK) anesthesia was originally described by Friedberg as dissociative monitored anesthesia care (MAC), which gives the patient the subjective experience of general anesthetic with few risks and virtually no postoperative nausea, vomiting, dysphoria, or hallucinations. Friedberg has a stellar 10-year record of safety with patients receiving propofol-ketamine anesthesia, with a 0.5% postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) rate. There were no hospitalizations in his group for either uncontrolled pain or PONV, the 2 most common reasons for admission following day surgery. For the surgeon who chooses to administer his or her own anesthesia, this paper describes a variation of Friedberg's original work. (See www.doctorfriedberg.com for other information.)
Currently Practised Sterilization Methods-Some Inadvertent Consequences
Authors: Nair Prabha D.
Published: July 2017

Currently used sterilization techniques such as ethylene oxide, y irradiation, and steam sterilization could introduce inadvertent consequences, especially in polymeric materials. These could have far-reaching effects on the biocompatibility of the materials. Some of these consequences are reviewed and a typical example of the effect of steam sterilization on the properties and biocompatibility of polyethylene terephthalate is discussed.
The Relationship Between Career Maturity and Work Commitment in a Sample of Australian High School Students
Authors: Patton Wendy , Creed Peter A.
Published: July 2017

The present study reports on a study conducted with 377 Australian students enrolled in grades 9 through 12. The Australian version of the Career Development Inventory (CDI-A; Lokan, 1984) and a work commitment measure modified for the Australian context (Rowley & Feather, 1987) were administered. Analyses were conducted with the four subscales of the CDI-A as the dependent measures, and two levels of work commitment (high/low), four levels of age (14-17) and gender (female/male) as the independent variables. Work commitment was moderately correlated with all subscales of the CDI-A. Gender differences were evident on work commitment and career maturity. A striking finding was the strong relationship between work commitment and the knowledge component of career maturity for females. Findings are discussed in the context of changing educational and labour market opportunities and the role of education programs in career maturity development.
Coping with Career Indecision: Differences between Four Career Choice Types
Authors: Lee Ki-Hak
Published: July 2017

This study examined the applicability of Gianakos' [1999. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54, 244-258] typology of career choice—stable, conventional, multiple-trial and unstable—to emotional coping with career indecision. Three hundred-twenty (Men = 203, Women = 117) Korean undergraduates were classified into Gianakos' four career choice types. The Coping with Career Indecision (CCI) scale was administered to measure the emotional coping ability. Results indicated that the stable and the unstable types, respectively, received the lowest and the highest scores on the CCI. Results also demonstrated that overall differences between the four types of career choice in CCI were significant, however, the differences between the conventional and the multiple-trial were not reliable. These findings suggest that consideration of emotional as well as cognitive variables needs to be considered in constructing an ideal typology of career choice.
The Primacy of Conscience in the Roman Catholic Tradition
Authors: Lewis Brian
Published: July 2017

Everybody is aware of having a conscience, but ideas of what conscience is and how it operates differ. This is not surprising, as conscience is a complex reality, susceptible to a variety of interpretations. The question of the primacy of conscience has also in recent times been the subject of debate. This article aims to shed light on the issue by reviewing the theological development of the meaning and function of conscience in the Roman Catholic tradition through some of the key witnesses of that tradition in the moral field. Most importantly, it stresses the often forgotten dimension of the role of the virtue of prudence in the formation and judgment of conscience. This helps to illuminate how the primacy of conscience is to be understood.
Catholicity of the Church and the Universality of Theology
Authors: Mostert Christiaan
Published: July 2017

The issue addressed in this essay is that of the Christian character or identity of Christian theology. Its “arguing partner” is that range of theological endeavours in which the particular context of a theological production is accentuated at the cost of under-valuing its necessary correlate, its Christian or “catholic” character. The essay offers a justification for a concern about “orthodoxy” - though not as an alternative to “orthopraxis” - for it still matters in all theology that God be spoken of rightly, which is to say faithfully. Christian theology should therefore not abandon its connection with Christian doctrine, even though the boundaries of theology may extend further than the boundaries of doctrine. There is, of course, no easy move from the universality of the Gospel to the universal validity of any particular articulation of this Gospel. However, it is argued that a modest claim for universality is both permitted and required by the double premise that all theology is in some sense church theology and that the church confesses itself to be “catholic”. Support for such a position is found in the work of Robert Schreiter, a strong proponent of “local” theologies, who in recent work has also argued for a necessary engagement with the “tradition” and has identified new kinds of universal theology. Appeal is made also to the ancient idea of a regula fidei. None of this conflicts with the contextual nature and responsibility of theology, but “contextual” should never be equated with “narrow”, let alone “isolationist”.
Kierkegaard's “Anti-Rationalism” in the Service of Reason and Faith: A Response to the Hegelian System
Authors: Godfrey James
Published: July 2017

This article explores the prevailing understanding that Kierkegaard's criticism of the Hegelian system constitutes an attack against reason as such. As paradox is encountered through reason, I look to Hegel in order to discover Kierkegaard. In this way the inadequacies of Hegel's idealism, revealed in his philosophical formulation of the incarnation, demonstrate the necessity of Kierkegaard's existentialism, expressed in terms of ‘faith’. By this means one may begin to revise any dualistic notions of faith and reason as competing alternatives for articulating the Christian vision.
Why Did Josephus and Paul Refuse to Circumcise?
Authors: Harrison J. R.
Published: July 2017

In AD 66–67 Josephus was commissioned to encourage the Galilean revolutionary “hot heads” to lay down their weapons against Rome ( Life 29). In his autobiography ( Life 113), Josephus says that he stopped some Galilean Jews from forcibly circumcising two non-Jewish nobles who had fled to him for refuge from Trachonitis. This episode is reminiscent of Paul's refusal of certain “false brethren” who, in AD 48/51, wanted Titus forcibly circumcised at Jerusalem (Gal 2:1–5). This article explores the influence that pro-Jewish sentiment and an incipient Jewish nationalism might have exercised on the early Christians regarding the place of the “works of the law”. It marks Josephus as a singular figure in first-century Judaism who, like Paul, resisted the tide of Jewish culture in refusing the imposition of circumcision either upon Gentile asylum seekers or proselytes. It enables us to reconsider what might have been animating the “false brothers” at Jerusalem, as well as the rhetorical strategy Paul employs in combating the Jerusalem and Antioch agitators in Galatians 1–2. However, ultimately the situations faced by Paul and Josephus were different.