bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
History of formation and development of traumatological and orthopedic patients rehabilitation in Nizhny Novgorod region
Authors: Polyakova A.G. , Novikov A.V. , Buylova T.V.
Published: May 2020

Medical rehabilitation in our country is under reformation currently and new rehabilitation system model is being created. In this regard, it is particularly important to study path of our predecessors and pioneers of this scientific direction. The article analyzes the experience of organization and establishment of industrial rehabilitation system for patients and disabled persons, created on the basis of Nizhny Novgorod research Institute of traumatology and orthopedics and medical-sanitary unit of Gorky automobile factory in the 70-s of the previous century. The article focused on both medical and socio-economic efficiency issues of the established system, which has been a school of excellence in Russian Federation for many years. Knowledge of this experience could be of great value for current specialists, because, as our compatriot A.M. Gorky said, "Without knowing the past, it is impossible to understand the true meaning of the present and the goals of the future."
Modern treatment approaches in patients with false joints and lower extremities long bones defects: analytical review
Authors: Prokhorova E.S. , Urazgildeev R.Z. , Eremushkin M.A. , Kolyshenkov V.A.
Published: May 2020

Research of effective treatment methods in patients with pseudoarthrosis and lower extremities long bones defects remains today very relevant. In the structure of traumatological patients general disability it takes up to 33.1% of cases. Surgical techniques are used, such as: intramedullary osteosynthesis, method of open reposition and bone fragments fixation by metal structures, method of transcutaneous osteosynthesis. They are recognized as effective treatment methods in patients with pseudoarthrosis and lower extremities long bones defects, that greatly improves treatment outcomes. Unfortunately, when they are used as single intervention, unsatisfactory therapy results occur in up to half of the cases. Concomitant structural and functional changes of the limb - such as regional blood circulation insufficiency, presence of extensive cicatrical soft tissues defects, changes in bone segment length, joints contractures, etc. - interferes bone consolidation and requires an application of additional treatment methods. Thus, the generally accepted treatment approach in patients with pseudoarthrosis and lower extremities long bones defects is a combination of surgery, pharmacotherapy, methods of physical therapy and physiotherapy in order to optimize the processes of osteoregeneration in non-union area.
Innovative technologies in the treatment of humeroscapular pain syndrome at a health resort rehabilitation stage
Authors: Nikitin M.V. , Konchugova T.V. , Pavlovskiy S.A.
Published: May 2020

In modern sanatorium-resort organizations there is an urgent need of effective innovative physiotherapeutic methods usage along with basic resort treatment, that is especially important for patients’ resort treatment duration reduction. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is evidence-based physiotherapeutic method. The aim of the study is to evaluate the high clinical efficacy of ESWT method in comparison with traditional methods of treatment at the sanatorium-resort complex «Vulan». Materials and methods: ESWT method effectiveness study was carried out in 111 people with shoulder joints and periarticular tissues pathology of various etiology aged 30-79 years (average age 45.5 years), disease duration from 1 year to 10-12 years (average 4.5 years). Results: According to the Swanson Score, in patients of the main group (n=57) «pain score» improved from 3.5 (before) to 8.3 (after), that is 2.3 times. “Activity in everyday life” raised from 4.7 to 8.6 (1.7 times), the volume of active movements increased from 3.2 to 7.9 (2.5 times). According to the Likert scale, patients reported a subjective improvement in their own well-being by 4.6 point. According to VAS scale a decrease in pain syndrome intensity was recorded (2.2 times in average). In patients of comparison group, who received basic resort treatment, positive changes were less significant. Conclusion: Objective and subjective data obtained in this study indicates a high clinical effect of ESWT in a complex health-resort treatment of patients with humeroscapular pain syndrome.
Concept of early rehabilitation in children with spinal cord injury in a surgical department
Authors: Novosеlova I.N. , Machalov V.A. , Ponina I.V. , Valiullina S.A. , Ivanova G.E
Published: May 2020

Authors present a concept of early rehabilitation in children with spinal cord injury in a surgical department. The patient’s route at an early stage of rehabilitation is defined: general intensive care unit, intensive care ward in neurosurgical department and general ward in neurosurgical department. Three main stages of early comprehensive rehabilitation are also defined: perioperative, adaptation to motor deficit, motor retraining. Goals of early rehabilitation and role of multidisciplinary team involved in the care are stated as well. Article shows the role of various physical training techniques and rehabilitation tools effectiveness in patients’ care, complications prevention, motor retraining, persistent self-care skills acquisition, improvement of mobility and quality of patients' life.
Self-reported Occupational Risk for COVID-19 in Hospital Doctors from Black Asian & Minority Ethnic Communities in UK
Authors: Daga Sunil , Chakravorty Indranil , Bamrah JS , Menon Geeta , Dave Subodh , Chakravorty Subarna , Bhala Neeraj , Mehta Ramesh
Published: May 2020

Emerging data from COVID-19 pandemic shows a trend for increased risk for healthcare workers in the UK, compared to other countries. In addition, there is a disproportionately high risk observed in healthcare workers from Black, Asian & Minority Ethnic backgrounds. This high risk is independent of biological or demographic variables. This paper presents sub-analysis of a larger survey of healthcare workers, particularly describing possible occupational risk of COVID-19 in a subset of doctors in UK hospitals from a BAME background. The results show higher rates of inability to access personal protection or comply with social distancing. The inability to self-isolate was associated with a 1.7x higher risk of COVID-19. The results of this survey suggest further research is needed to explore and understand institutional factors that may explain excess risks to BAME hospital doctors.
Stochastic Processes as the Origin of the Double Power-law Shape of the Quasar Luminosity Function
Authors: Ren Keven , Trenti Michele , Di Matteo Tiziana
Published: May 2020

The quasar luminosity function (QLF) offers insight into the early coevolution of black holes and galaxies. It has been characterized observationally up to redshift z ∼ 6 with clear evidence of a double power-law shape, in contrast to the Schechter-like form of the underlying dark-matter halo mass function. We investigate a physical origin for the difference in these distributions by considering the impact of stochasticity induced by the processes that determine the quasar luminosity for a given host halo and redshift. We employ a conditional luminosity function and construct the relation between median quasar magnitude versus halo mass

with log-normal in luminosity scatter Σ, and duty-cycle ϵ
DC, and focus on high redshift z ≳ 4. We show that, in order to reproduce the observed QLF, the Σ = 0 abundance matching requires all of the brightest quasars to be hosted in the rarest most massive dark-matter halos (with an increasing

in halo mass). Conversely, for Σ > 0 the brightest quasars can be overluminous outliers hosted in relatively common dark-matter halos. In this case, the median quasar magnitude versus halo mass relation, M
UV,c, flattens at the high-end, as expected in self-regulated growth due to feedback. We sample the parameter space of Σ and ϵ
DC and show that M
UV,c flattens above

for

. Models with ϵ
DC ∼ 1 instead require a high mass threshold close to

. We investigate the impact of ϵ
DC and Σ on measurements of clustering and find there is no luminosity dependence on clustering for Σ > 0.3, consistent with recent observations from Subaru HSC.
Simulating the Fermi Bubbles as Forward Shocks Driven by AGN Jets
Authors: Zhang Ruiyu , Guo Fulai
Published: May 2020

The Fermi bubbles are two giant bubbles in gamma-rays lying above and below the Galactic Center (GC). Despite numerous studies on the bubbles, their origin and emission mechanism remain elusive. Here we use a suite of hydrodynamic simulations to study the scenario where the cosmic rays (CRs) in the bubbles are mainly accelerated at the forward shocks driven by a pair of opposing jets from Sgr A*. We find that an active galactic nucleus (AGN) jet event that happened 5–6 Myr ago can naturally reproduce the bilobular morphology of the bubbles, and the postshock gas temperature in the bubbles is heated to ∼0.4 keV, consistent with recent X-ray observations. The forward shocks compress the hot halo gas, and at low latitudes, the compressed gas shows an X-shaped structure, naturally explaining the biconical X-ray structure in the ROSAT 1.5 keV map in both morphology and X-ray surface brightness. CR acceleration is most efficient in the head regions of the bubbles during the first 2 Myr. The opposing jets release a total energy of ∼1055 erg with an Eddington ratio of ∼10−3, which falls well in the range of the hot accretion flow mode for black holes. Our simulations further show that the forward shocks driven by spherical winds at the GC typically produce bubbles with much wider bases than observed and could not reproduce the biconical X-ray structure at low latitudes. This suggests that starburst or AGN winds are unlikely the origin of the bubbles in the shock scenario.
Effects of Art Therapy Program on Anxiety and Depression among 6-12-Year-Old Burned Children
Authors: Rezazadeh Hossein , Froutan Razieh , Ahmad Abadi Ali , Mazloum Seyed Reza , Moghaddam Kaveh
Published: May 2020

INTRODUCTION: There are various ways to relieve physical injuries, but less attention has been dedicated to the treatment of psychological injuries in burned children.
AIM: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of art therapy using painting and music on reducing anxiety and depression in burned children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a three-group randomized clinical trial with a pre-test-post-test design that was performed on 60 children aged 6–12 years. The patients were admitted to the Burn Center of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, within 2018 were selected using convenience sampling method and randomly divided into three groups, namely, two intervention (subjected to art and music) and one control group. Ten 45-min-long art therapy sessions were conducted every day. Anxiety was measured with parent-version of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale, and depression was measured using Maria Kovacs Children’s Depression Inventory Questionnaire. The control group only benefited from the routine services of the center.
RESULTS: Before the intervention, the total mean scores of anxiety in the burned children in the painting, music, and control groups were measured at 90.4 ± 5.4, 84.8 ± 6.8, and 77.4 ± 13.8, respectively. However, the total mean scores of anxiety after the intervention in the burned children in the painting, music, and control groups were estimated at 53.3 ± 4.4, 45.9 ± 8.4, and 72.4 ± 12.9, respectively (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean of depression total score before the intervention was measured at 38.7 ± 3.4, 32.8 ± 5.4, and 28.9 ± 5.4, for painting, music, and control groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Moreover, the total mean score of depression after the intervention in the painting, music, and control groups was obtained as 29.9 ± 4.0, 19.3 ± 3.8, and 25.2 ± 4.9, respectively (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Art therapy using painting and music led to the reduction of anxiety and depression in children with burns; therefore, it is recommended to use the technique for this population.
The Role of the Molecular Subtypes in the Prognosis of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Nikolov Stoyan , Enchev Emil , Minkov Georgi , Dimitrov Evgeni , Ivanova Koni , Gulubova Maya , Vlaykova Tatyana , Yovtchev Yovcho
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Understanding the biology of the tumor, by dividing it into molecular subtypes, has made it possible to individualize the therapeutic approach in high-risk patients.
AIM: We aimed to determine the importance of established molecular subtypes in the prognosis and the importance of disease-free and overall survival (OS) in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 94 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer for the period 2010–2018. The median follow-up time was 60 months. The mean age in the study group was 60.03 years (SD ± 10.52). According to the characteristics of the studied indicators, we divided the group into Luminal A (n-59 [62.7%]), Luminal B/HER2 (−) (n-2 [2.1%]), Luminal B/HER2 (+) (n-8 [8.5%]), HER2 overexpressing (n-3 [3.2%]), and triple-negative subtype (n-22 [23.5%]). In all patients in the study group, we analyzed the 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) and referred it to molecular subtypes, lymphatic status, HER-2 status, the presence or absence of endocrine therapy for the follow-up period, tumor differentiation, and type of surgery.
RESULTS: We observed the 5-year OS in 92% of patients identified as Luminal A; at 50% of Luminal B/HER2 (−) neg.; in 62.5% with Luminal B/HER2 (+), in 67% with HER2-overexpressing carcinoma; and in 66.7% of patients with triple-negative subtype. The total cancer-associated mortality rate in the analyzed period reached 15.9% (n = 15). Patients with mastectomy (p = 0.019, p = 0.027), positive axilla with more than 4 lymph node (LN) (p = 0.000; p = 0.000), and Luminal B/HER-2 (+) tumors (p = 0.004; p = 0.003) were the independent prognostic factors for worse DFS and OS in our study group. Histological differentiation and HER-2 expression were in unsatisfactory correlation (p = 0.077; p = 0.044 and p = 0.081; p = 0.055, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Molecular subtypes are essential in the prognosis of breast cancer and maybe a criterion for an individualized therapeutic approach.
Biogeographical comparison of terrestrial invertebrates and trophic feeding guilds in the native and invasive ranges of Carpobrotus edulis
Authors: Rodríguez Jonatan , Novoa Ana , Cordero-Rivera Adolfo , Richardson David M. , González Luís
Published: May 2020

Plant invasions impact on biodiversity by altering the composition of native communities by disrupting taxonomic and functional diversity. Non-native plants are often released from their natural enemies, which might result in a reduction of the attack of primary consumers. However, they can also be exposed to the attack of new herbivores that they might not be able to tolerate. Hence, invertebrate communities can be influenced by invasive non-native plants, which in turn modify interactions and change environmental conditions. In this study, we examined the compositional and trophic diversity of invertebrate species, comparing ecosystems with and without the plant species Carpobrotus edulis in coastal areas in its native (South Africa) and introduced (Iberian Peninsula) ranges. Results show that C. edulis has a clear impact on invertebrate communities in its non-native range, reducing their abundance in invaded areas, and particularly affecting certain trophic groups. Invasive C. edulis also alters the invertebrate diversity by not only reducing abundance but also by altering species composition. Overall, the physical dominance of C. edulis modifies the co-occurrence of invertebrate assemblages, reducing the number of trophic groups and leading to substantial effects on primary consumers. Results suggest that the lack of natural enemies might be an important driver of the expansion of C. edulis in its introduced range. Further work is needed to examine long-term changes caused by non-native plants on invertebrate assemblages and the subsequent modification of biological interactions.
COVID 19 and Agricultural Issues
Authors: Mahaliyanaarachchi Rohana P.
Published: May 2020

- No Abstract Available -
Impacts of COVID-19 on the Agri-food Sector: Food Security Policies of Asian Productivity Organization Members
Authors: Hossain Shaikh Tanveer
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Despite demographic differences, agriculture is a major source of socioeconomic stability among APO member economies. This report highlights potential risks faced by their agri-food sectors due to the COVID-19 pandemic and outlines the responses and policy actions each member is taking to address threats to food security and prevent hunger.Research Method : Publicly available information was synthesized, and insights from 19 individuals working in agriculture or agri-food-related areas in the public or private sectors or academia in APO member countries were obtained. Findings : Imminent, medium- and long-term food security challenges due to COVID-19 vary among APO member countries. However, through the implementation of key policies, many stress the need for critical agricultural inputs, such as fertilizers and safe, quality seeds, to meet seasonal crop calendars. The longer COVID-19 containment measures stay in place, the more challenging the recovery process will be for ensuring smooth food production, accessibility to staple food and nutrition and trade among countries.Originality / Value : Provides consolidated insight into policies and actions taken by APO member economies to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19 on food security and the agri-food sector.
In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of Inorganic Salts for the Management of Wheat Stem Rust (Pucciniagraminis f.sp.trtici)
Authors: Azmeraw Yehizbalem , Admassu Belayneh , Abeyo Bekele , Bacha Netsanet
Published: May 2020

Purpose : The development of new resistant pathogen races is increasing the concern of food safety and the environments are driving new search for alternative disease management strategies. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of inorganic salts on wheat stem rust under in-vitro and in-vivo conditions.Research Method : Inorganic salts were evaluated on their effect on the percentage uredospore germination, pustule number and pustule length of Pucciniagraminisf.sp. tritici at different concentrations, in-vitro and in-vivo .All the data were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS version 9.1.3 software. The least significant difference at 5% level of significance was used to separate treatment means. Findings : There was a significant (P < 0.05) difference among inorganic salts and their concentrations on the germination of Pgturedospores, in-vitro. Potassium carbonate completely inhibited the germination of Pgturedospores (100%) at all concentrations (i.e. 10, 15, and 20 gl-1) followed by potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate with inhibitions of 99.7, 97.33 and 97%, respectively. The lowest inhibition of spore germination was recorded from potassium dihydrogen phosphate (6.7%) and potassium chloride (9.3%) at 5 gl-1. The in-vivo study showed that six inorganic salts significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of pustules and pustule lengths on susceptible wheat cultivar ‘McNair’.Originality / Value : The present study identified potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate as the best inorganic salts to manage wheat stem rust.
Organic Manure Amended with Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on Soil Phosphorous Availability
Authors: Walpola B. C. , Hettiarachchi R. H. A. N.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Combine use of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and organic manure has greater agronomic utility as it could improve phosphorous (P) utilization efficiency through conversion of insoluble P to accessible forms. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of different organic manures (poultry manure, goat manure and cow dung) with phosphate solubilizing microorganism on phosphorous availability.Research Method : The phosphate solubilizing bacterial (PSB) strain employed in this study was isolated from soil samples collected from agricultural lands in Matara District of Sothern Sri Lanka. The strain was identified as Enterobacter cancerogenous. Eight treatment combinations each replicated three times were used in the study. Findings : P availability of organic manure amended soils was progressively increased irrespectively the inoculation of PSB strain. The bulk of the increment occurred during the first 2 to 3 weeks of the incubation followed by slight reductions at the later stages. P availability of the soil amended with organic manures was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher than that of the control. Furthermore, the specified were much higher when PSB was inoculated to the soil amended with organic manures. PSB inoculants were used with poultry manure showed the highest P availability.Originality / Value : The availability of soil phosphorous is enhanced by combine use of organic manures and PSB inoculants; the practice is suggested to be employed in integrated nutrient management strategies.
Perception and Practices Towards Pesticides and Associated Health Impacts Among Vegetable Farmers in Badulla
Authors: Jayasinghe M. A. Sachintha Prasad , Thirumarpan Krishnal
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Pesticides continued to be a significant component in vegetable production in Sri Lanka. But human health impacts due to pesticide exposure are not well documented even though acute poisoning is a major public problem today. Within this context, current study was conducted to assess the awareness of hazardous pesticides, usage and associated health impacts among vegetable farmers in Badulla district. Research Method : Information pertaining to the study was collected from primary sources and secondary sources. Hundred vegetable farmers from Badulla district were interviewed using structured pre tested questionnaires. Descriptive statistic, frequency distribution and t test were employed to examine the relationships.Findings : Almost all the farmers depended on the chemical pesticides. 94% of farmers used Zoro (Abamactin) and 85% of farmers used Calcrone (Profenofos), which are extremely hazardous insecticides. Almost all farmers identified the pictogram of “wearing gloves”. About 75% of respondents were affected by any type of acute disease due to pesticide application. 52% were affected by skin problems like itching. Among them 98.67% took treatments. A significant difference was observed between those who participated in training and others on acute diseases (P<0.05), and those used masks and non-users on acute diseases (P<0.05). Research Limitations : Hospital data related to illness or poisoning due to pesticides was lacking in the study area. Originality / Value : It is evident from the study that farmers are mishandling and overusing pesticides which leads to diseases and the need for pesticides related education to farmers.
Nutrient Accumulation, Partitioning, and Remobilization by two Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Cultivars
Authors: Laurentin H. , Rodriguez V.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important crop in tropical areas. Differences between potential and actual yield is caused by several causes. One is the deficiency of basic information for establishing comprehensive fertilization plans, due to inadequate information of mineral nutrition. The aims of the study were to determine macronutrients and micronutrients accumulation, partitioning, and remobilization by two sesame cultivars. Research Method : A field experiment was established to obtain biomass enough in four growth stages: vegetative, mid-flowering, late flowering, and harvest. Biomass and content of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, cupper, iron, zinc, and manganese were determined from vegetative tissues for the first two growth stages, and in seed and rest of the plant for the last two growth stages.Findings : For both cultivars, the decreasing order of the macronutrient according the amount accumulated was nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, and sodium. Decreasing order of micronutrients was iron, zinc, copper, and manganese. More than 30% of the nutrient extraction accumulated in seed was identified for nitrogen, phosphorous, and zinc. Results suggest calcium remobilization for both cultivar, and only for one of them for nitrogen, phosphorous, and magnesium. Originality / Value : Results of this study establish the basis of the understanding of sesame nutrition. Future fertilization plans must use this information for an efficient use of fertilizers.
An Assessment of Market Landscape of Cinnamon in Sri Lanka
Authors: Hettiarachchi I. C. , De Silva D. A. M. , Esham M. , Liyanagamage T. M. , Abeysinghe A. M. I. P. , Warnakulasooriya S. , Harindra W. A. M.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : The cinnamon trade is not only Sri Lanka’s oldest trade but the only trade where it holds a monopoly in the world market. Being the leading supplier of true cinnamon to the international market, Sri Lanka is still unable to cater the global demand. Our approach mainly focused to investigate, map and analyze the market landscape of Ceylon cinnamon. Research Method : Industry insights were drawn from 675 cinnamon growers, 485 peelers, 220 collectors, 50 balers/exporters, 30 value added producers and 50 consumers from Galle, Matara, Kalutara and Ratnapura districts. Stratified and convenience sampling techniques were employed to select appropriate samples. Primary data were collected using internet-based data collection techniques and traditional data collection tools.Findings : Producer base and peelers were identified as the main upstream actors. Upstream product basket was revealed to comprise with quills (Alba, C5 Special, C5, M1, M2, H1, H2 grades), quillings and featherings. Collectors/dealers, balers, exporters and value-added producers and freight forwarders, off-shore buyers, supermarkets, retailers and consumers collectively represent the downstream. Semi-processed and ultra-processed products were observed in the basket of value-added product exporters. 38% of the studied spice traders were emerging participants and they were followed by contenders (24%), market challenges (16%), niche participants and market leaders (11% each). Key brands associated with cinnamon related products available at the main markets; USA, Mexico, Canada, Germany, UK, India and Japan were used to develop the brand landscape. Originality / Value : Discovered stakeholder, institutional and brandlandscapes will drivethe Ceylon cinnamon industry towards success in highly competitive market environments.
Effect of Essential Oils and GRAS Compounds on Postharvest Disease Control in Mango (Mangifera indica L.cv Tom EJC)
Authors: Kalupahana K. I. M. , Kuruppu M. , Dissanayake P. K.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Tom EJC) has a high economic value due to its unique qualities. Postharvest diseases such as anthracnose cause considerable loss of fruits in the market. Applications of synthetic fungicides are the common practice for controlling postharvest diseases, which could lead to hazardous effects on health. Therefore, search for alternative measures for the control of anthracnose are in demand. Research Method : Different fungal species have been described as causative agents of above disease. To determine the causative agent, fungal isolations were done from symptomatic fruits and identified by morphological and molecular techniques. Sodium bicarbonate, and sodium metabisulphite were used as GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) compounds and clove, cinnamon and citronella oils were used as essential oils during in-vitro studies to evaluate their potential to control the pathogen. The mycelial inhibitory capacity of five concentrations (1µLplate-1- 5µLplate-1) of each essential oil was evaluated in-vitro disc volatilization method. Compounds with minimum inhibitory concentrations were selected for in-vivo studies. Essential oil treatments for mango comprised of fumigation and application of GRAS compounds by dipping 15 and 30 minute time intervals. Physiochemical properties (pH, titrable acidity and total soluble solid content) of treated and non-treated mango fruits were evaluated.Findings : The identified causative agent of anthracnose was Colletotrichum siamense. Sodium bicarbonate (80000ppm), sodium metabisulphite (1500ppm) showed 100% inhibition of radial mycelia growth against the pathogen through in-vitro poison food method.100% inhibition of radial mycelia growth was reported with clove and cinnamon oil at all the concentrations tested (1-5µLplate-1). The citronella oil showed the lowest inhibitory activity. 15 minute and 30 minute dipping in sodium bicarbonate and fumigation with clove oil and cinnamon oil treatments effectively controlled anthracnose disease in mango, in comparison to the recommended fungicide Chlorothalonil (3mL/L). Physiochemical properties of mango were not altered by any of the treatments in comparison to no-treated fruits.Originality / Value : These results suggest that Sodium bicarbonate, Clove oil and Cinnamon oil could be used as alternatives to control the anthracnose disease in mango.
Agronomic Characteristics and Nodules from Black Soybean Genotypes Due to Application Compost and Biochar as Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Turmuktini Tien , Mulyana Dedi , Widodo R. Wahyono , Ria Elly Roosma , Kantikowati Endang , Muliani Yenny , Karuniawan Agung , Simarmata Tualar
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Black soybean is a legume plant that has economic value on effective seeds and nodules, but out of the number of varieties that have been released until 2013 only 11 varieties are with agronomic height input innovation. The research objective is to obtain superior local genotype, as a source of new black soybean varieties, accompanied by compost and biochar-based agronomy practical innovations for sustainable agriculture.Research Method : The first treatment was compost-based agronomy innovation with biochar (B): b1 (1 t ha-1 +1 t ha-1) and b2:(1.5 t ha-1+ 0.5 t ha-1). The second treatment was 4 genotypes of local black soybean (G): KB1, KA3, CK5, KH4, and as a comparison was a Cikuray variety with each treatment repeated three times. Anova test results of factorial patterns and DRMT Duncan’s test at the 5% level. Findings : Anova test results of factorial patterns and DRMT Duncan’s test at the 5% level indicate that practical innovations based on compost and biochar agronomy accompanied by genotype have no effect. Both agronomy innovations b1 and b2 have the same effect on agronomic characters. Expected Genotypes that were superior to their agronomic character were shown by KH4 and KA3 genotypes with potential productivity of 3.28 t ha-1 and 3.19 t ha-1, and increased by 21% and 17.71%, respectively. The genotypes of KB1, KA3 and KH4 produced the same number of nodules compared to Cikuray varieties.Limitations : This research doesn’t study about soil condition after the experiment.Value : The novelty in this study is the use of low doses and directly applied to planting holes, obtained local genotypes superior agronomic characters for sources of new varieties, and obtained practical innovations based on compos and biochar agronomy for guidance for farmers who later selected regions as centers for varieties new black soybeans.
Evaluation of Shoot Cuttings Sources and Planting Distance to Increase the Production of G2 Potato Seed
Authors: Masnenah Endeh , Permana Nendah Siti , Komariah Ai , Rahman Ramdani Abdul , Abdullah Rohana , Noertjahyani Noertjahyani
Published: May 2020

Purpose : The availability of quality potato seed is one of the limiting factors to improve the yield and quality. The aim of this research was to obtain the second generation of potato seeds (G2) with the best growth and yield in combinations the sources of shoot cuttings and planting distance.Research Method : The experiment used a factorial randomized complete block design with two factors: the sources of shoot cuttings (plantlet , G0, G1) and planting distance (80 cm x 15 cm, 80 cm x 20 cm and 80 cm x 25 cm) with three replications and the measured responses are component of growth and yield. Findings : The results showed that the sources of shoot cuttings from G0 produced the highest percentage of growth (97.72%), plant height (81.68 cm), canopy width (33.87 cm), maximum tuber weight per plant (237.27 gram), maximum tuber weight per plot (4.15 kg) and the highest number of tubers per plant (7.88) was obtained from the shoot cuttings sources of plantlet. Planting distance (80 cm x 25 cm) tends to be better for tuber weight per plant (171.31 gram) and tuber weight per plot (2.81 kg).Limitations : By using the shoot cuttings sources from plantlet it requires time to acclimatization.Value : It is very important to evaluate of shoot cuttings sources (plantlet, G0, G1) and planting distance so to accelerate the availability of G2 potato seeds in large quantities and quality, besides, using the shoot cutting sources can reduce production cost. The regulation of planting distance is the most important aspects of potato production.
Extracted Neam Leaf (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) to Control Alternaria Porri Ell. Cif. In Shallot Plants (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Muliani Yenny , Ria Elly Roosma , Turmuktini Tien , Kantikowati Endang , Wawan S.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : To test the effectiveness of neem leaves in suppressing the development of Alternaria porri causing purple blotch and to provide information about the use of neem leaves to control these purple blotch on shallotsResearch Method : The research was conducted at the Lembang Botanical Research Institute (BALITSA) at altitude + 1,250 meters above sea level (masl) with average temperatures ranging from 19-24 0C, humidity ranging from 39-90% and average rainfall of 2,207 , 5 mm / year. The trial period starts from the beginning of November 2018 until January 2019. The study was conducted in the field using an experimental method with a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. These treatments are Application of the extracted neem leaf with concentration of: (A) 150 g L-1, (B) 175 g L-1, (C) 200 g L-1, (D) 225 g L-1, (E) 250 g L-1, and (F) Control / without application. Experimental data analysis was carried out based on a linear model for the Randomized Block Design (RBD). The obtained data were statistically analyzed by variance analysis with the F test on variables. The F test results showed significant differences. To differentiate the average of each conducted treatment, further tests with Duncan’s multiple range method on real level of 5% is tested.Findings : Neem leaves can act as a botanical pesticide that is easy to make and easy to apply for farmers.The extracted neem leaf application with a concentration of 225 g L-1 is the best concentration and is able to suppress the development of Alternaria porri causing purple spots on shallot plants.Limitations : The secondary metabolite content of the mimba plant is found in parts of the seeds, but in the west java area the neem tree does not produce seeds, so in this study only uses the leaves.Value : The use of botanical pesticide derived from neem leaves is able to reduce the use of synthetic pesticide, so as to reduce the effects of residual causes of environmental pollution.
Mixed Red Ginger (Zingiber offinale var rubrum) with Turmeric (Curcuma longa) as Feed Additive to Improve Conversion Meat Protein Broiler
Authors: Widjastuti Tuti , Garnida Dani , Tanwiriah Wiwin , Balia Roostita L.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal levels of a mixture of red ginger and turmeric meal with a ratio of 1 : 1 as feed additive on the conversion meat protein broiler.Research Method : This study used 100 DOC broiler chickens that were kept until 35 days old. The experimental design used was a CRD with 4 treatment levels and five replications each. The treatments consisted of P0 (basal ration without a mixture of red ginger and turmeric meal), P1= 0.5% mixture red ginger and turmeric meal, P2 = 1 % mixture red ginger and turmeric meal and P3 = 1.5 % mixture red ginger and turmeric meal. The parameters observed were protein consumption, body weight gain, protein conversion, and meat protein conversion.Findings : Research showed that the P1 and P2 were not significantly different from the conversion value of meat protein but the meat protein conversion value was significantly lower compared to treatment P0 and P3. This finding indicates that diet given that contains a mixture of red ginger and turmeric meal 1% (P2) were still able to support the good result to meat protein conversion value of broiler.Value : It is better to maintain broiler with a mixture of turmeric and ginger 1% and in order to produce a profitable maintenance, this is a useful evidence for breeders and animal husbandry experts.
Mycorrhizal Inoculation for Increasing the G2 Seed Bulbs Production of Potato Granola L Varieties from Mini Cuttings
Authors: Noertjahyani Noertjahyani , Ramadhan G. , Komariah Ai , Ria E. Roosma , Masnenah E.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Mycorrhizae are mutualistic symbiosis or association between soil fungi and plant roots which plays an important role in increasing nutrient availability and crop productivity. Potatoes are one of the carbohydrate-producing plants and it can be propagated with mini cuttings from plantlets. The application of mycorrhizal inoculant is expected to increase the yield of potato from mini cuttings. The research was conducted to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal inoculants on degree of root colonization, growth and yield seed of Granola L potato propagated with mini cuttings. The study aimed to increase potatoes seed productivity by application of mycorrhizal inoculant.Research Method : The experiment used was Randomized Block Design consist of six treatments (0, 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g per plant), and repeated 4 times. The observed responses were degree of roots infection, plant height, leaf number, plant dry weight, the number of tubers and tuber yield.Findings : The results showed that the application of mycorrhizal inoculants was able to increase root colonization by 344% and plant dry weight by 47.49%. Application of 15 g/plant mycorrhizal inoculants increased the plant height at 6 and 8 week after planting by 23.92%, 16.24%, respectively and tuber yield per plant by 24.96%. These results confirm that the application of 15 g per plant mycorrhizal inoculants can be used to enhance the productivity of potato seeds.Limitations : Mycorrhizal colonization was highly affected by the soil physico-chemical properties, the active ingredients and quality of inoculants Value : This research contribute to increase seed production of potato.
Phosphate Solubilizing-based Peat Soil Carier Applied to Potato
Authors: Parlinah Linlin , Hamdani Jajang Sauman , Nurbaety Anne , Nuraini Anne
Published: May 2020

Purpose : The indigenous phosphate solubilizing stored in peat soil as a carier is still a prospect as an ingredient of biological fertilizer, so it still needs to review how the indigenus phosphate solubilizing area of Tanjungsari, Sumedang worthy to be used as an ingredient Biological fertilizer.Research Method : The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture Univeritas Winaya Mukti with the land type Andisol and the altitude of 850 m asL, carried out in March to June 2019. Environmental design using random draft group combination repeated 3 times with treatment consists of 13 treatments that are a type of phosphate solubilizing combined with a dose of peat soil carier. The data was analyzed further with Duncan’s test at 5%. Findings : Results showed that the Tanjungsari’s indigenus phosphate solubilizing with peat soil effect on the Phosphate is available on the soil, Phosphate total domain, potato shoot root ratio, number of the cropping bulbs, the weight of the tuber per plant and the weight per tuber, but has no effect on pH Soil, bacterial population, cation exchange capacity soils and absorption Phosphate in plants.Limitations : This research is done at medium place height where not the optimum altitude for potato.Value : Phosphate solubilizing bacteria indigenous from Tanjungsari Sumedang with carrier materials peat soil has the potential to be used organic fertilizer.
Potato Productivity (Solanum tuberosum L.) of G0 Granola L. Varieties at Different Planting Distance and Temperature Grown in Aeroponics
Authors: Budiasih R. , Komariah Ai , Sondari Nunung , Amalia Lia , Romiyadi Romiyadi
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Both quantity and quality potato seed production in Indonesia is relatively low, because it is still cultivated conventionally. Aeroponic cultivation can produce seeds in large quantities and quality with environmental control through setting the spacing and temperature regulation of the rooting area (room box). This research was to study the increase in productivity of G0 type potatoes at planting distance and the room temperature of the box.Research Method : The research to study the productivity of G0 type potatoes at different planting distance (j0: 20 cm x 20 cm, j1: 20 cm x 25 cm, and j3: 20 cm x 30 cm), and the room temperature of the box (t0: room temperature (control) and t1: 150C. The experiment was set up as randomized block design and repeated 4 times. Data were analyzed for variance and Duncans’ further test. Findings : The results showed no interaction between planting distance and temperature. The planting space of 20 cm x 20 cm gave a significant effect on plant height at the age of 45 DAP. The temperature treatment of 150C has a significant effect on plant height at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after planting (DAP), a number of leaves at 15 and 45 DAP, and the number of potential tubers.Limitations : Limititations in this research was that harvest time was not optimal because due to the plants inability to continue their lives due to wilting disease and high air temperatures.Value : Information from this research is very important for potato seed farmers in increasing crop productivity by managing temperatures to cool down at night in the rooting area.
Risk Detection of Curly Red Chili (Capsicum annum L) Production with House of Risk
Authors: Andayani Sri Ayu , Silvianita Silvianita , Somantri K.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : In the phenomena and constraints faced by red chili farmers that result in unsustainable production, an interesting research question raised is how to detect production risks in curly red chili, the impact of risks caused by the source of risk and mitigation of priorities that must be done in managing risks which occurred in one of the red chili production centers in Majalengka Regency, West Java Province.Research Method : Research to mitigate production risk is carried out using the House of Risk method at the red chili production center with 30 respondents. Respondents were determined purposively. Observed responses include risk events, risk agents to identify problems. The risk status grouping is determined based on the aggregate risk potential (ARP) value. Findings : The results showed that curly red chili farming had 17 risk events with 7 risk agents. The risk agent for climate change and erratic weather produces the highest ARP value of around 3469 or around 30.33% so that this agent is considered to be the main priority in risk mitigation. Priority mitigation strategies can be carried out through the creation of green houses, training and application of standard operating procedures.Limitations : Detecting event and sources on the risk red chili production.Value : With detection of events and sources of risk it can produce priority potency for handling of risk or mitigation of risk.
The Role of Cooperative Association in Providing the Agricultural Services in the Governorate of Unaizah - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzaidi Abdullah A. , Baig Mirza B. , Kassem Hazem S. , Zia Muhammad Abubakar
Published: May 2020

Purpose : Generally Cooperative Associations play positive and productive role in disseminating the latest information on all aspects and services to the farming communities. However, it seemed imperative to assess the perceptions of the members and evaluate role of the Unaizah Agricultural Cooperative Association (UACA) to improve its working by addressing the issues and concerns of its members.Research Method : One hundred thirty-two respondents representing 25% of registered member farmers of the association were identified by applying a random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a well-designed and pre-tested questionnaire to achieve the objectives of the study. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and interpret the data. Findings : Respondents had high perceptions regarding the role of UACA in the following areas: makes agricultural innovations available to the farmers at suitable prices; establishes good contacts with extension staff; brings useful activities; helps solving agricultural problems; provides timely information; maintains good relations with its members; establishes beneficial agreements with traders to enable farmers to have easy access to markets. Though majority (70.5%) of the respondents were highly aware of the importance of the association yet almost half of the respondents (53%) were moderately satisfied, suggesting an improvement in its working.Originality/ Value : No scientific study of the kind has not been launched before. Hence the outcomes of the study would help the association in enhancing its working.
Sustainability Analysis of Dairy-Horticulture Integrated Farming System
Authors: Rosmiati M. , Putra R. E. , Lastini T. , Hernawan E. , Pujo Pujo , Rahmayunita I. , Maulana F. R. , Liesdiana F. , Nurdiansyah M. A. , Azis A.
Published: May 2020

Purpose : The Integrated farming system offers better opportunities to be implemented in smallholder agriculture because it ensures productivity and profitability for sustainable livelihoods. However, the evaluation of this practice has not been clearly identified. This study is aimed at evaluating the ecological, economic, social, institutional, and technological aspects of sustainability of existing dairy-horticulture farming systems at farm level. Research Method : Data were collected through survey design using questionnaire, observation, and literature review. This research used Multidimensional Scaling, leverage analysis and Monte Carlo called RAP-DHFS (Rapid Appraisal for Dairy-Horticulture Farming System) to analyze the data.Findings : The results showed that the sustainability status of ecological dimension, economic dimension, social dimension, and technological dimension were classified as less sustainable which were 28.07%, 29.52%, 27.37%, and 29.15, respectively while the institutional dimension was considered as unsustainable (21.77%). There were also 10 attributes identified as the most influential attributes on the sustainability status.Limitations : The study was conducted at one village, which is a small scope of area.Value : This study provides a holistic assessment of the integrated farming system and shows the concern and risk for further development in rural areas.