bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomethane Generation Produced in Municipal Landfill
Authors: Chagas Bezerra Francisco Edmar , Ripardo De Alexandria Auzuir
Published: January 2021

Biogas emerged as a renewable technology that converts waste organic matter into energy. Among its components, in terms of energy, methane is the most important chemical composition, particularly for the combustion process in vehicle engines. The use of methane derived from organic matter residues in landfills to replace fossil fuel minimizes the environmental impact, providing a significant reduction in the emission of greenhouse effect gases,as does the use of the amount of urban waste generated by the population in a planned way, with a specific technological focus at the forefront of generating solutions for ecological, social, economic and management challenges, which are themes that characterize smart cities. Thus, this study is based on the investigation and analysis of the potential of biogas generated by the theMunicipal Landfill West of Caucaia (MLWC - AterroSanitário Municipal Oeste de Caucaia/CE (ASMOC))with the objective of estimating the amount of methane gas produced in the referred landfill, based on data already published related to the amount of solid waste disposed at the landfill and applying it in the Biogas - Energy Generation and Use Aterro(version 1.0) software, developed by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (ECSSP - Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB)).As main outcomes, it was found that the landfill can generate, between the years 2018 to 2034, more than 3 million m³of CH4, capable of supplying more than 201,362 vehicles fuel.
Economic-Financial Indicators Applied to the B3 Industrial Machinery and Equipment Sector
Authors: CAMARGO MARIA EMILIA , Zamboni Acosta Marco Antonio , Ventura da Motta Marta Elisete , Silva Marina Bezerra da
Published: January 2021

No contexto empresarial, a Analysis das Demonstrações Financeiras é um instrumento importante para compreender a situação económica-financeira das empresas, além de avaliar os resultados obtidos pelas sociedades. Este estudo analisa as contas das empresas fabricantes de máquinas e equipamentos industriais, por meio de indicadores econômico-financeiros para compreender as variações ocorridas no setor entre os anos de 2013 a 2018. O segmento foi selecionado por estar inserido na rubrica Bens de Capital, que tem uma desvantagem reduzida na economia mundial. O estudo se caracterizou-se como uma pesquisa documental quantitativa a partir de informações sobre associações no B3.Dentre os resultados, verifica-se que o setor apresenta níveis de endividamento, expressando dependência de capital de terceiros para operar.
A Comparative Analysis on The Educational Perspective of Students and Professors in Stem Courses Regarding Industry 4.0 Competencies
Authors: Cruz Wladia , Duarte Breno , Martins Márcio , Paraguaçu Fábio
Published: January 2021

This work consists of an investigation in the form of a comparative analysis between students and professors from the STEM field (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics), about their educational perspective in the context of the current industrial revolution - Industry 4.0 (I4.0). This research aims to investigate, in particular, how professors and students from a Control and Automation Engineering (CAE), Information Systems (SI) and Mechatronics Engineering perceive the educational process in relation to the development of skills needed for the upcoming job market. As future professionals, students need technical knowledge to deal with emerging trends, such as Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT) and Robotics. In addition, social skills, such as solving complex problems, dealing with conflicts, creativity, innovation and communication, leadership and collaborative work, are paramount. The research methodology adopted in this work is based on mixed methods, quali-quant research. Data collection was carried out through research based on questions related to three categories: intrapersonal, interpersonal and didactic. The study found that, although students claim to be prepared for Industry 4.0 challenges, professors think otherwise. There seems to be a pedagogical challenge to fully achieve the requirements for the development of future I4.0 professionals. In addition, this research identified that active learning methods, focused on the development of 21st century skills, are poorly applied by professors, which may indicate that students are not being exposed to real life situations necessary to better prepare themselves for the future challenges of I4.0.
Public Policies and Innovation Ecosystem within the Technological Innovation Center of the Federal Institute Baiano
Authors: Souza Sandra , Souza André , Silva Marcelo , Lopes Jerisnaldo , Soares Paula
Published: January 2021

Innovation policies have been gaining ground in the Brazilian scenario, requiring a strategic look at innovation activities by organizations in the conception of technologies. The article aimed to analyze the actions, programs and projects that are driving the innovation ecosystem of the Technological Innovation Center of the Federal Institute of Bahia (NIT IF Baiano) with a view to strengthening Innovation Policies for local and regional development. The research had a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory approach, documentary research and content analysis. Several actions were found to foster innovation, the main ones being: scientific and technological dialogues, seminars. Thus, it was evidenced in this research that within the scope of IF Bahia the Innovation Policy for the management of Intellectual Property (IP) and Technology Transfer was recently regulated and, as a reflex, it was found that its IP indicators are retracted, for example the patents, trademarks and software. On the other hand, the scientific initiation programs received scholarships and the research projects developed managed to exceed the programmed goals. Finally, the NIT IF Baiano must remain supporting innovation policies to support the institutional Innovation Policy in order to leverage its technological indicators.
Construction and calibration of Time Domain Reflectometry probes for assessing soil humidity in distropheric red latosol
Authors: Dagher Abinel Bianchessi , Sanches Arthur Carniato , De Jesus Fernanda Lamede Ferreira , Santos Rodrigo Couto , Theodoro Fagner Lopes , Pacheco Adriano Bicioni , Lisboa Cristiane Fernandes , Barros Timóteo Herculino da Silva , De Souza Débora Pantojo , Da Silva João Pedro Rodrigues , Antunes Bruno Machado
Published: January 2021

Among the indirect methods of assessing soil moisture, Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) stands out, which uses the soil dielectric constant to provide volumetric moisture efficiently, quickly and non-destructively. Despite a practical and precise method, TDR has a high cost due to the probes and its Data Logger. In view of this, the present work aims to build and calibrate TDR probes to assess moisture in a Dystrophic Red Latosol. The present work was carried out in the experimental area of the hydraulics laboratory of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), located in Dourados-MS, at latitude 22⁰ 12 'south, longitude 54⁰ 59' west and altitude of 434 meters. Each probe built consisted of 3 stainless steel rods (Ø = 3 mm; L = 230 mm) RG 98 cable with 90% mesh and 50 ohm impedance, 4.7 pF ceramic capacitor and BNC connector. The construction procedures followed the following steps: 1- Making the cable, 2- Preparing the rods, 3- Welding the rods to the wires, 4 -Operating test and 5 - finishing phase. After construction, they were calibrated with the characteristic soil of the Region, proceeding with the Probe Reading in two depths (10 and 30 cm) and simultaneous collection of deformed soil samples to determine the moisture based on mass in Laboratory. Subsequently, calibrations with cubic polynomial adjustment were performed. The results showed adjustments with high determination coefficients, and the probes developed showed satisfactory performances.
Analysis of the Causes of Labor Accidents in a Steel Industry in Southern Santa Catarina
Authors: Menegon Bristot Vilson , Madeira Kristian , Pedro Guimarães Filho Leopoldo , Leandro de Borba Marcelo , Keiko Yamaguchi Cristina , Favretto Jacir , Pereira da Silva Madalena , Menegon Bristot Vilmar , Santiago Costa Luana
Published: January 2021

Over the years, manufacturing industries such as the steel industry have shown a significant increase in their productivity, this growth highlights themes that make up the development framework of this segment. In this context, there is a concern with the preservation of the employee's integrity, generating a state of alert for the risks existing in the production process, and the preventive measures that organizations must put in place to eliminate or minimize these risks, avoiding accidents. For the development of this project, occupational accidents are characterized as those that occur at the service of the company causing bodily injury with temporary leave of the employee. This type of accident is referred to as a typical accident, as they are caused within the work environment and must consider all aspects related to work, such as: the machinery, the task, the environment, the instruction for carrying out the activity and the organization of the work. job. This study aimed to analyze the causes of accidents at work in a steel industry in the south of Santa Catarina, identifying the influencing factors in the causes of accidents, characterizing the types of accidents at work, highlighting the productive sectors and the frequency with which these events occur , indicating possible improvements in the development of work activities. Accident data were collected and analyzed over a 10-year period, demonstrating the nature of the injuries and the agents involved in order to make it possible to reduce the occurrences of accidents in the analyzed productive sectors.
The pros and cons of working from home
Authors: Mitchell Vinicius , Novaes Luiza
Published: January 2021

In July 2020, a group of illustrators were contacted so we could hear if their views on remote work and professional collaboration had changed, in light of the covid-19 pandemic scenario. These illustrators participated in a previous research conducted with Brazilian newspaper illustrators between 2016-2018. The main research objective was to understand how illustrators were fitting in newspaper's routines and production, considering the multiplatform publishing trend led by the rise in mobile and digital readership. As it was observed then, illustrators were already used to working remotely. The investigation focused in assessing how these professionals viewed the pros and cons of face-to-face working way compared to working remotely. Also their views on the interaction with other fields’ professionals, in projects involving Illustration & Design were considered. Illustrators of Brazilian newspapers answered a query and an interview with open questions. Although the original research had not been motivated by a pandemic scene, we believe that by renewing the subject with new data collected in 2020, the study can contribute to the ongoing broader discussions over reorganizing workflows for remote work, especially those involving designers and projects with multidisciplinary teams. This paper aims at presenting and discussing qualitative data regarding these issues.
Effect of School Environmental Factors on Academic Development of Secondary School Students in Boripe Local Government Area of Osun State.
Authors: Sangodapo Akinbode , Ola Anasthasia, A.
Published: January 2021

This study is designed to investigate the effect of school environmental factors, particularly the serenity of school environment and adequacy of school facilities on academic development of secondary school students in Boripe Local Government, Osun State. The study made use of descriptive survey research design. Structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from the sample size of 41 respondents selected from ten selected secondary schools in Boripe Local Government. relevant works of authorities in related fields were reviewed. Data were presented in tabular form and analyzed, using mean rating and standard deviation as descriptive statistics. Chi square test statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study found that the serenity of school environment influences academic development of secondary school students, and that adequate school facilities enhances academic development of secondary school student as wells. It was recommended that government should set standard for serenity of secondary school environment and enforce same to ensure compliance always. Further to this, upgrade, renovation and provision of adequate secondary school facilities should be ensured to enhance students’ academic development at both state and federal level.
UV Spectrophotometry Applied to the Quantification of Omega-3, -6 and -9 in Fresh Tissues of Wild and Farmed Tambaqui
Authors: Oliveira Cidiane , Santos Judes , Sousa Raniere Garcez
Published: January 2021

The demand for healthy foods has also increased the demand for wild and farmed tambaqui since it is a fish rich in omega-3, -6 and -9. To determine which of the two types of fish has the best nutritional quality and thus test the hypothesis that there are no nutritional differences between the groups of fish evaluated, the method of ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry was used. For this, tambaqui from different environments (wild and farmed) were obtained in the states of Amazonas and Rondonia, Brazil. The fish groups showed differences in the concentrations of omega-3, -6 and -9 (ANOVA, F (8.30) = 16.213, and p < 0.01), both between states and between environments. The wild fish of the Amazonas state presented the best quality meat, and exhibited the highest concentrations of omega-3 (0.223 g ± 0.05 g) and omega-9 (0.208 g ± 0.04 g), which also implies the presence of omega-6, while the other group of fish exhibited the lowest values of omega in their composition.
senior manager as a strategy manager in change scenarios: practice in the brazilian public sector
Authors: Campos Leite Robson , Da Costa Ramos Filho Americo
Published: January 2021

How does the senior manager of a public organization practice the strategy and mobilize his team to enable continuously, in the organization where it is located: meeting its mission, stakeholder needs and the dynamics of the internal and external environment? This question guides the research of this article which also presents the structuring of a framework that brings together four academic approaches - Carlos Matus' Situational Strategic Planning (1991; 1997; 2005), as a central element; Whittington's Strategy as a Social Practice (1997; 2002; 2004; 2006); Freeman's Stakeholder Theory (2010); and Burns' Transformational Leadership (1978; 2003). Data were collected in semi-structured interviews and treated qualitatively by Thomas's inductive analysis (2006), the Gibbs coding and categorization method (2009) and the matching presented by Trochim (1989). The framework should serve as a reference for the action of the manager regarding the mentioned issue.
Nonlinear Feed Formulation For Broiler
Authors: Alessandro de Almeida Marcel , Garcia Neto Manoel , Bueno Leda Gobbo de Freitas , De Araujo Faria Junior Max José , Pinto Marcos Franke
Published: January 2021

The current scenario requires the application of new computational tools for the feed formulation strategy that uses mathematical modeling in decision making. Noteworthy is the nonlinear programming, which aims not only to formulate a diet that meets the needs of the animal, but also the minimum cost and the maximum profit margin. Thus, the work aimed to validate the use of the nonlinear model (NLM), with maximization of the economic return, through estimates of animal performance and feed costs, according to the price variation of the kg of the broiler (price historical average of 2009 and 2010), the phases of creation and sex. For this purpose, 480 broiler broiler chickens, 240 males and 240 females of the same strain (Cobb 500) were used, from 1 to 56 days of age. The experimental design was entirely randomized, totaling 6 treatments (increasing or decreasing the average historical price of live chicken by 25% or 50%), with 4 replicates and 10 broiler chickens per experimental plot. Performance (weight gain and feed consumption), total energy consumption and profit margin were evaluated. Regarding the formulation principle (Linear and Nonlinear), the performance was very similar in relation to the studied parameters. However, when simulated values of 50% below the historical average, performance was significantly impaired in this specific condition. However, due to the profit margin, it demonstrated that the principle of nonlinear formulation allows to significantly reduce losses (P <0.05), mainly in unfavorable conditions of the price of chicken in the market. It is concluded that the nonlinear principle is more appropriate, since the requirements of all nutrients are automatically adjusted by the mathematical model and with the premise of increasing profitability, different from the linear one, which is to achieve maximum performance and not is directly related to the economic factor.
Women, Education and Science
Authors: Gomes Márcia Cristina , Bergue Pinheiro Conceição Daniel
Published: January 2021

The study presented discusses the insertion of women in the sciences and starts from the assumption that Western epistemology is based on the dualism that is hierarchical, since it privileges mind or reason, said to be proper to masculinity, to the detriment of prejudice against the body and matter, which represents femininity. The objective is to analyze gender relations, whose differences have deepened social and, in particular, educational inequality, especially in relation to the insertion of women in the sciences. To fulfill the proposed objective, the methodology used will be the combination of analysis-synthesis and historical-logic methods, conceived in its dialectic unit. Research techniques such as bibliographic and documentary were used, through data provided by international organizations, censuses and national research institutes. The study of this theme is justified for considering it relevant in the current context where much is discussed from the perspective of building a plural society, with gender justice and less inequality. It is worth mentioning that the study proposed here was presented at the meeting of ANPEd - North, in 2016, at the Federal University of Pará. Thus, it is understandable that education for gender relations has been a relevant theme regarding practices oriented to the discussion of prejudice and discrimination against women.
An Analysis of College Students’ Perceptions on Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking in Pine Bluff, Arkansas
Authors: Wheat Janette , Shavers Patricia , Bailey Marilyn
Published: January 2021

Domestic minor sex trafficking (DMST) is modern-day slavery of children and the commercial sexual abuse of children through buying, selling, or trading their sexual services.  DMST is a form of child abuse.  The victim can be any person of nationality, age, socioeconomic status, or gender. In America, throughout college campuses, a lot of students are not informed of domestic minor sex trafficking. When thinking about domestic minor sex trafficking, most people do not think that this crime happens in our country, better yet our state of Arkansas.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of college students attending the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff on domestic minor sex trafficking in our country and in our state of Arkansas (a crime that is growing aggressively in the United States).

Fifty participants who were students attending the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff participated in the study. Participants consisted of male and female students between the ages of 18 to 25 (N = 30 Females; N = 20 Males). Survey data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. Participants responded to ten yes or no descriptive questions about domestic minor sex trafficking (e.g., Questions like: have you heard about domestic minor sex trafficking; and do you think child sex trafficking is an organized crime).

The data yielded both quantitative and qualitative results. Results showed that female students were more knowledgeable and were more aware of DMST than males. Implications for interventions will be discussed. Further research also is suggested.
Socio-cultural practicality of Oromo People as Represented in Novel
Authors: Oli Alemitu , Tore Eriste Akawak
Published: January 2021

The main objective of this study is to demonstrate how Gadisa Biru the authore of the novel `Kuusaa Gadoo` symbolize Oromo`s socio-cultural issues in a representative way in the life of characters and the major themes of the novel. The study is qualitative research, it involves textual analysis method together with relevant conceptual tools and frameworks and therefore it is analytical. Furthermore, the data used for the research is taken from primary source which is a novel entitled `Kuusaa Gadoo`. From the novel different extracts are taken based on the research questions. Extracts used as a data were classified under each topic and analyzed using textual analysis methods and realism theory. Then, the analysis and discussion were undertaken by using the concept of scholars to make the research more visible and logical. As a philosophy of realism theory, realism portrays the world as it really appears. Therefore, to evaluate the realistic representations of different agenda of the research, it is crucial to bring the idea in the text to the actual world. From the analysis and discussion made it is found that, in `Kuusaa Gadoo`, all events and episodes were realized in the novel without any fantasy and extraordinary overstatement. The socio-cultural situations realized in a novel `Kuusaa Gadoo`, is pictured in a similar way of Oromo people`s life style of the Derg regime. Even though the dictatorial government appreciated assimilation, the Oromos reserved their socio-cultural activities and practiced as much as possible. Among the socio-cultural elements reflected in the novel we can list friendship, confer, wedding and arbitration as major ones. In general, the novel `Kuusaa Gadoo` reflects the real socio-cultural situation of Oromo peoples during the Derg regime and the author critically perceived the actual picture of the society`s life and represented reasonably.
AVALIAÇÃO: INSTRUMENTO DE VIOLÊNCIA OU DE APRENDIZAGEM?
Authors: Rego Maria Luiza da Cunha , Rêgo Ana Maria da Cunha , Monte Natália de Pontes Leite , Viana Kilma da Silva Lima
Published: January 2021

Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de analisar as concepções de crianças entre 6 e 10 anos acerca da avaliação da aprendizagem, considerando sua função e sentimentos que desperta. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 26 crianças em idade de 6 a 10 anos, estudantes dos Anos Iniciais da Educação Básica. A escolha foi feita considerando o critério de conveniência, disponibilidade e autorização dos responsáveis. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir de Viana (2014), no que se refere às questões da avaliação e a partir de Bourdieu (1989), no que se refere à violência simbólica. Ao final da pesquisa, observamos o quanto a avaliação não tem cumprido o seu objetivo de auxiliar no processo de aprendizagem, ficando restrita à um instrumento de poder que é entendido como violência simbólica, causando sentimento negativos para as crianças mesmo em fase inicial dos estudos. Ressaltamos a necessidade de se construir uma nova cultura da avaliação da aprendizagem, em que as crianças entendam a necessidade de se vivenciar processos avaliativos para que possam a cada dia melhor nos estudos.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO CICLO DA EXPERIÊNCIA KELLYANA PARA O ENSINO DE FUNÇÕES ORGÂNICAS OXIGENADAS NUMA ABORDAGEM INVESTIGATIVA
Authors: Santos Maria Tatiana da Silva , Sales Eliemerson de Souza , Viana Kilma da Silva Lima
Published: January 2021

O ensino por investigação, por ser uma abordagem que se insere no âmbito das inovações no ensino de Ciências, rompe com o ensino tradicional de Química, em que o foco está na reprodução dos conteúdos, expostos pelo professor, como o centro do conhecimento, e que são trabalhados de forma descontextualizada, provocando nos estudantes o desinteresse em aprender. Segundo Kelly (1963), a aprendizagem não é algo especial que acontece apenas nas escolas, ou em algumas ocasiões, mas um processo diretamente ligado à vivência de uma experiência, que é composta por um ciclo que contém cinco etapas. Dessa forma, a pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar as contribuições da utilização do CEK numa abordagem investigativa para aprendizagem de conceitos nas aulas de Química do 3º ano do Ensino Médio. Como sujeitos da pesquisa, participaram uma professora de Química e 24 (vinte e quatro) estudantes. Para coleta de dados, foram realizadas: entrevista semi estruturada com a professora, aplicação de questionários e roda de conversa com os estudantes, a partir de uma intervenção. A metodologia utilizada na intervenção contemplou as etapas do CEK dialogada com uma abordagem investigativa proposta por Carvalho (2013). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, observamos que a professora utilizava em algumas aulas uma abordagem investigativa, no entanto, observamos que essa prática não é tão usual no cotidiano da sala de aula, devido a vários aspectos que limitam, na opinião da professora a sua aplicação. Apesar disso, observamos também que os estudantes entenderam a proposta da pesquisa, se envolveram no CEK e obtiveram bons resultados durante o processo. Ressaltamos que momentos como esses sejam mais oportunizados nas aulas de Química, através de formações continuadas nessa perspectiva, para que os professores possam refletir cada dia mais acerca dos resultados positivos de seus alunos.
Labor productivity in Russian companies: How to foster sustainable growth
Authors:   Center for Industrial Policy Studies, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Simachev Yu.V. , Kuzyk M.G. ,   Center for Industrial Policy Studies, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Fedyunina A.A. ,   Center for Industrial Policy Studies, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Yurevich M.A. ,   Center for Industrial Policy Studies, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia; Center for Macroeconomic Research, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we study the factors, motivations and barriers for productivity growth in Russia. The data is based on a survey of 700 companies of Russian basic non-resource industries. We find inter- and intra-industry divergence of companies by labor productivity level and discuss the evidence for further divergence. Revealed are the factors of high labor productivity level, among which are scale of business, investments into fixed assets and human capital, application of modern digital technologies, export activity and training of employees. The growth of labor productivity is positively associated with firm size, investment activity, digitalization and R&D spending. There is no positive and significant impact of innovation activities on productivity level and its dynamics, which may be a result of low innovation intensity and time lags in effects of innovation activities on revenue. The evidence suggests that innovative firms with positive dynamics of innovation performance are followers of foreign competitors. We find that firms with the leading and lagging levels of labor productivity have different strategies for human capital accumulation. Leading firms combine significant staff turnover with intensive professional development of existing staff, while lagging in productivity firms are not involved in staff turnover and investment in training. While leading in productivity firms compete for the best personnel, lagging firms compete for financial resources. In addition, leading companies find among the highest the risks that qualified personnel would be diverted, while the lagging companies find among the highest the risks of employees’ low motivation. Most of the leading in productivity firms are interested in continuous improvements of labor productivity, while among lagging in productivity firms this problem is important only for one fourth of them. Lack of internal motivation to improve their productivity may reflect failures in the corporate governance system. At the same time, the established model of relations with the state has a significant impact on the respective motivations of companies.
Productivity of the Russian firms: Seven stylized facts
Authors:   OECD, Paris, France, Blöchliger H. , Wildnerova L. ,   OECD, Paris, France
Published: January 2021

Productivity in Russia has been falling steadily over the past 15 years. This paper explores firm-level data to understand the contribution of individual firms to aggregate productivity and summarizes findings in the form of seven stylized facts. Policies to address the productivity decline should focus on regulatory reform to strengthen market forces; create a climate that is supportive to innovative start-ups; help unproductive firms to leave the market earlier; foster labour and capital mobility and knowledge transfer between firms and across regional borders; and embrace foreign ownership. These policies should be complemented by targeted support to households and firms severely affected by the covid-19 crisis. This note is built on the findings of an OECD Economics Department Working Paper published in early 2020.
The Poisson process of machinery degradation: Application to valuation
Authors:   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Smolyak S.A.
Published: January 2021

The machinery degradation process is described by a random process in which failures occur with constant intensity, and with each failure the rate of benefits generated by the machinery item reduces by a random amount. If the machinery item begins to generate negative benefits, it is subject to decommissioning. We get explicit expressions for the average life of the machinery items and the coefficient of variation of the service life. Machine’s value is determined by discounting the flow of benefits from its future use. This allows to link this value with the rate of benefits that the machinery item brings. In cases where there is no information on the amount of such benefits, appraisers rely on the machine’s age. However, different machinery items of the same age may be found in a different condition and therefore are characterized by different values. We offer formulas for calculating the percent good factors reflecting the average decrease in the equipment’s value with age. To take into account the effects of income tax, property tax and inflation, it suffices to adjust the discount rate in the constructed model. It has been verified that the proposed dependencies are in a fairly good agreement with market price data for two different types of construction equipment.
Long -term growth sources for sectors of Russian economy
Authors:   The Institute of Regional Economy Problems (Russian Academy of Sciences), Saint Petersburg, Ivashchenko S.M. ,   Financial Research Institute, Ministry of Finance, Russian Federation, Moscow,   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

Theoretical models suggest stationary structure of sectors. Sometimes this suggestion is hidden (balanced growth). The ratio of variables for 2 sectors is unit root at the most cases (for 14 Russian sectors and 6 variables per sector). The lowest share of stationary ratios is 5/91 for real value added with ADF test (KPSS test for the same variable leads to 38/91 stationary ratios). The cointegration rank differs across sectors in wide ranges (from 1 for trade (G) or government administration (L) till 5 for agriculture (AB)). The dynamic stochastic partial equilibrium (DSPE) model is created. It is model of firms in DSGE-style and description of the rest economy by exogenous rules. The model is estimated for each of 14 sectors. The model includes 5 sources of stochastic trends: TFP; labor supply; investments efficiency; investments prices; prices of intermediate goods. Any 2 sectors significantly differ by key parameters (production function shares, capital depreciation, and demand elasticity). The drift of unit root sources differs across sectors (including sign). Only few pairs of sectors differ insignificantly (3/182 or 8/91 depending on test specification). The variance decomposition of trends (for various variables) is computed. It varies in wide ranges across sectors and variables. Thus, usage of aggregate data in theoretical model leads to loose of large amount of information.
Economical evaluation of externalities using partial equilibrium model
Authors:   Center for agricultural and food policy at Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia, Strokov A.S. , Ternovsky D.S. ,   Center for agricultural and food policy at Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia, Potashnikov V.Yu. ,   Center of economic modelling of energy sector and ecology at Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia, Potapova A.A. ,   Center for agricultural and food policy at Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Our research investigation shows the possible pathways of natural resource economy with respect of externalities. We analyzed the development of agricultural and forestry products’ export from Russia to China, and the externalities were evaluated as greenhouse gas emissions. We developed five scenarios of Russian economic development until 2030 and 2050 on terms of domestic improvements in soy, rapeseed and corn production, wood production, increase of exports to China. After applying the partial equilibrium model we introduced a correct measure of possible profit by a monetary value of emitted greenhouse gas. In contrast to previous research instead of carbon tax we suggest a measure of social cost of carbon. Our estimates show that it could be effective at 68 USD per 1 metric ton of CO2 equivalent. This method was supposed to evaluate correctly the economic loss from extensive development of forestry and agriculture, taking into account monetary evaluation of externalities. Our results showed that extracting natural resources should be balanced by appropriate ecological programs. This could include but should not be limited to conservation of some part of the territory, which will help to decrease overall GHG emissions, and improve the balance of emissions with respective carbon sequestr on abandoned (conserved) land, which here will be an additional indicator of reducing negative externalities.
Priorities of the Soviet agrarian policy in 1953–1964 and attempts to overcome Stalin’s disbalance in agriculture
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Rakov A.A. ,   Institute of Russian History, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

We discuss the following questions: what the party and state agricultural policy was like, what problems it caused and the priorities of development. Step by step the conditions for reconstruction of the Soviet agriculture in a historical context are considered. Besides, concrete Khrushchev’s strides — so called three “super-programs”, namely — virgin lands campaign, corn epopee and “to catch up with America and outstrip it”. Moreover, attempts to get rid of agrarian problems in 1953–1964 and final statistics of gross output of agricultural products are analyzed. As the analysis of documents shows, abolishing of MTS became ineffective and led to the conditions of buyout of all equipment by kolkhozs that resulted in increase of their debts and their gradual devastation. Real per capita measures dethrone the common positive trend. As an exception from such positive tendency we have a year of 1963 which is clearly out, because in fact there was exhaustion of the extensive potential of grain production and tragic summer drought which brought to the failure of grain procurements and became crucial for livestock sector because of that. Subsequent failures in attempts to “feeding people” and provide stable development of agriculture were the reasons for an outflow of teenagers from a village to a city.
Productivity growth and inefficient firms’ exit from the market
Authors:   Bank of Russia, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Bessonova E.V. , Tsvetkova A.N. ,   Bank of Russia, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Many industries of the Russian economy show lower productivity at the aggregated level than in advanced countries. The low productivity level is in large part due to the widening efficiency gap between leader companies and a large group of low productive firms in individual industries. Among low productive firms, the catching-up impulse is concentrated in a small group of young and fast growing companies. In recent years, the number of such companies has not been large enough to scale down the heterogeneity of productivity. If the scarring effect of the crisis provoked by the coronavirus pandemic dominates the Russian economy and number of start-ups with growth potential decreases, this will aggravate the problem of already existing heterogeneity of productivity across firms and the lack of catching-up growth of most low productive companies. Acceleration of productivity growth requires coordinated economic policy fostering competition; improving people’s education level and labour mobility; Russian companies’ entry in foreign markets and integration in value chains; firms’ exit from the informal sector; innovation and adaptation of new technologies; access to finance, especially for SMEs.
Studying market selection in Russia and abroad: Measurement problems, national specificity and stimulating methods
Authors:   Studying market selection in Russia and abroad: Measurement problems, national specificity and stimulating methods, Savin I.V.
Published: January 2021

This article is devoted to the model of replicator dynamics as an evolutionary theory of competition between firms in economics. We describe in detail how to test this model based on empirical data, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. The results of testing the replicator dynamics model serve as a measure of the intensity of market selection in an economy. An overview of studies that have tested the replicator dynamics model abroad and in Russia is given. A number of conclusions is drawn about the specificity of functioning of market selection in Russia, in particular, about the presence of a large number of low-performing companies (zombie firms). Several proposals are also being made to stimulate competition in order to accelerate economic growth. In the conclusion, we suggest ways on how to improve the model of replicator dynamics taking into account value chains, and provide information about changes in the assessment of market selection based on world input-output data.
Intensive Care Management of a Parturient with Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia: A Case Report
Authors:   Anesthesia and ICU Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt, S. Ibrahim Abdelrady
Published: January 2021

Twenty-nine years old primigravida with a diagnosis of type 1 Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia planned for labour induction was admitted to Intensive Care Unit for close observation, pain management and correction of any anticipated bleeding.
Improving the operational efficiency of the linear type peristaltic pump
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Grishin A.I.
Published: January 2021

The paper investigates the effect on the linear peristaltic pump operation of the properties of the material of its elastic tube, the algorithm of actuation of the release elements, as well as the presence of irregularities in the inlet and outlet sections of the pump in the form of alternating confusers and sudden expansions. To study the influence of these factors, a series of numerical experiments was carried out using the universal software STAR-CCM +, where the pump operation was simulated by a joint calculation of the fluid flow and elastic deformations of its tube. As a result of numerical experiments for a number of values of Poisson's ratio, it was found that the material of the pump tube must be selected with the lowest possible Poisson's ratio in order to obtain the highest efficiency. The study of possible algorithms for the actuation of the release elements of the pump showed that in order to obtain the maximum efficiency, the pump operation mode should be select-ed in accordance with the drive design. The drive, where energy is expended only on the movement of the release elements, requires the mode with the first release elements to hold the tube in a com-pressed state longer, which provides a higher feed value. For the drive, where energy is spent on maintaining the tube in a compressed state, the preferred mode is the one with the delay in the re-turn of the release element to its original state is minimal. As a result of studying the influence of sections with irregularities, it was found that the use of the height and pitch of irregularities, when the ratio of the resistances of these sections in the forward and reverse flow is optimal, leads to a decrease in the flow and pressure of pump.
Volumetric hydraulic drive with series connection of hydraulic actuators
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Pil'gunov V.N. , Yefremova K.D. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: January 2021

The aim of the proposed work is theoretical and experimental studies of the performance of a single-channel hydraulic drive with a series connection of executive hydraulic cylinders and the de-velopment of recommendations for predicting their characteristics. The authors of the paper carried out a set of experimental studies and obtained the numerical kinematic, speed and power characteristics of a single-channel hydraulic drive with five hydraulic cylinders connected in series. It is shown that the nature of the kinematic connection is determined by the differentiation of the hydraulic cylinders. The speed of advancement of the piston of an indi-vidual hydraulic cylinder is determined by its serial number in the chain of hydraulic cylinders, while the highest speed of the piston movement is developed by the first hydraulic cylinder. The relative unevenness of the piston movement in comparison with the speed of the piston movement of the first hydraulic cylinder is determined by the differentiation of the hydraulic cylinder, while the hydraulic drive with the differentiation D = 2 has the greatest unevenness. It is shown that by the selection of the differentiation of the hydraulic cylinders, their stepwise arrangement and the displacement of the location of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, that it is possible to realize complex forms of the total trajectory of the points of attachment of the hydraulic cylinder rods. In the hydrostatic (power) hydraulic drive in the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, depend-ing on the serial number of the hydraulic cylinder, the thrust on its rod and the differentiation set different pressure levels, and the lowest pressure will be in the piston cavity of the last hydraulic cylinder. With uniformly loaded hydraulic cylinders, the pressure in the piston cavities depends only on the number of the hydraulic cylinder and its differentiation. In a hydraulic drive with hydraulic cylinders of equal power, the last hydraulic cylinder will develop the greatest force at the lowest piston speed. In addition, the work also shows that the reproducibility of the positions of unloaded rods of hy-draulic cylinders of equal differentiation is not less than 1%. As a result of the experimental studies, a method was developed for the design of a volumetric hydraulic drive with sequential switching on of executive hydraulic cylinders, which can be used to solve the problems of hydrofication of me-chanical engineering production (bending presses, sheet stamping), in shipbuilding (ship slipways), in flexible production systems, industrial and warehouse logistics.
Occurrence of Ixodiphagus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a parasitoid of
Authors: Marchiori Carlos Henrique
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study is to describe the first occurrence of _Ixodiphagus_ sp.(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) sp. parasitizing _Rhipicephalus microplus_ (Canestrini 1888) (Acari: Ixodidae) in Goiás, Brazil. Engorged females of _R. microplus _collected from naturally infested cattle will be taken to the laboratory. After their death, they will be dissected to check for the presence of parasitoids. From November 2013 to October 2014, 151 engorged females belonging to the species _R. microplus_ were collected, from which a specimen of the species _Ixodiphagus_ sp. The percentage of parasitism was 0.6%.

KEY WORDS: Ticks, Biocontrol, Natural enemy, cattle, First occurrence.
Orthodox arrangement of the Pochaiv Lavra in the second third of the XIX century.
Authors: Bystrytska Ella Volodymyrivna
Published: January 2021

Abstract: A series of imperial decrees of the 1820s ordering the establishment of a Greco-Uniate Theological Collegium and appropriate consistories contributed to the spread of the autocratic synodal system of government and the establishment of control over Greek Uniate church institutions in the annexed territories of Right-Bank Ukraine. As a result, the Greco-Uniate Church was put on hold in favor of the government's favorable grounds for the rapid localization of its activities. Basilian accusations of supporting the Polish November Uprising of 1830-1831 made it possible to liquidate the OSBM and most monasteries. The transfer of the Pochaiv Monastery to the ownership of the Orthodox clergy in 1831 was a milestone in the liquidation of the Greco-Uniate Church and the establishment of a Russian-style Orthodox mono-confessionalism. On the basis of archival documents, the political motivation of the emperor's decree to confiscate the Pochayiv Monastery from the Basilians with all its property and capital was confirmed. The transfer to the category of monasteries of the 1st class and the granting of the status of a lavra indicated its special role in strengthening the position of the autocracy in the western region of the Russian Empire. The orders of the Holy Synod outline the key tasks of ensuring the viability of the Lavra as an Orthodox religious center: the introduction of continuous worship, strengthening the personal composition of the population, delimitation of spiritual responsibilities, clarifying the affiliation of the printing house. However, maintaining the rhythm of worship and financial and economic activities established by the Basilians proved to be a difficult task, the solution of which required ten years of hard work. In order to make quick changes in the monastery, decisions were made by the emperor and senior government officials, and government agencies were involved at the local level, which required the coordination of actions of all parties to the process.