bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preference structure of personal and social goals of the high-schoolers
Authors: Kuzmanovic Bora , Petrovic Nebojsa
Published: July 2008

The main objective of this paper is establishing structure of acceptance (of preferences) 18 personal and 18 social goals. Sample has been consisted of 243 final year high school students. There are seven extracted factors in domain of the personal goals that were named: selfishness fulfillment of duties, strive for power and popularity, competence and independence, affiliation and love, material achievement, hedonistic orientation and conscientious and healthy life. There are another seven factor in domain of the social goals: normal state, tradition and territorial integrity, transition, and also sociodemocratic, traditional socialist, democratic and ethatistic orientation. There are significant but not so high linear correlations between two lists. It justifies idea to examine those two lists separately. The most acceptable, among personal goals, are friends, love and independence, and the least are popularity, obedience and social power. The biggest importance among social goals was given to employment and living standard, and the least to one-party state and finishing of privatization.
The structure of olfactory experience
Authors: Markovic Slobodan , Vulin Jelena
Published: July 2008

In this study the structure of olfactory experience was investigated. Olfactory experience was defined by a set of attributes, i.e. elementary dimensions, which were specified empirically using Osgood's Semantic Differential methodology. A set of 42 7-step scales were generated (36 bipolar and 7 monololar scales). 20 subjects judged 10 olfactory stimuli on this set of scales. The stimuli were specified in a preliminary study so as to cover the widest possible range of olfactory experience. Factor analysis with Varimax rotation revealed four factors, i.e. basic dimensions of olfactory experience (1) Affective factor (scales: beautiful, attractive, pleasant, etc), (2) Potency (scales: stable, impressive, strong, sharp, etc), (3) Closeness (scales: natural, warm, close, female, etc) and (4) The gustatory factor (scales: hot, sour, bitter, etc). The results have shown the primacy of Affective factor (circa 43% variance explained) in respect to the other factors (the other three factors in sum explained about 20% of the variance).
Probability estimate and the optimal text size
Authors: Kostic Aleksandar , Ilic Svetlana , Milin Petar
Published: July 2008

Reliable language corpus implies a text sample of size n that provides stable probability distributions of linguistic phenomena. The question is what is the minimal (i.e. the optimal) text size at which probabilities of linguistic phenomena become stable. Specifically, we were interested in probabilities of grammatical forms. We started with an a priori assumption that text size of 1.000.000 words is sufficient to provide stable probability distributions. Text of this size we treated as a "quasi-population". Probability distribution derived from the "quasi-population" was then correlated with probability distribution obtained on a minimal sample size (32 items) for a given linguistic category (e.g. nouns). Correlation coefficient was treated as a measure of similarity between the two probability distributions. The minimal sample was increased by geometrical progression, up to the size where correlation between distribution derived from the quasi-population and the one derived from an increased sample reached its maximum (r=1). Optimal sample size was established for grammatical forms of nouns, adjectives and verbs. General formalism is proposed that allows estimate of an optimal sample size from minimal sample (i.e. 32 items).
The cognitive processing of the allomorphy in Serbian
Authors: Jovanovic Tamara , Filipovic-Djurdjevic Dusica , Milin Petar
Published: July 2008

In this work, we explored cognitive status of suffix allomorphy of the masculine nouns in instrumental singular in Serbian language (eg. misom-misem; puzom-puzem). Allomorphy represents distinct variations in form of the morpheme which does not influence it?s function and meaning (cf. Lyons, 1968). Despite it?s frequent appearance in speech and language production, it has rarely been a subject of psycholinguistic explorations. First goal of this research was to determine whether the cognitive processing of allomorphic nouns has it?s specificities and second goal was to create the base for making and testing hypothesis regarding morphological and/or phonological factors that influence suffix alternation in forming of instrumental singular of masculine nouns. We conducted visual lexical decision experiment and applied a questionnaire created for the needs of investigating allomorphy in language production. Results showed that at least two processes influence cognitive processing of masculine nouns in instrumental singular: (a) certain morpho-phonological restrictions that influence appearance of the suffix-em, and (b) allomorphy - variations in suffix in instrumental singular. In addition, the findings indicate that allomorphy could be the consequence of the tendency to use more frequent suffix (-om), that eases the processing, and blocks the influence of the morpho-phonological restrictions.
Proportion of categories of associates and structure of the mental lexicon
Authors: Savic Irena , Kostic Aleksandar
Published: July 2008

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a systematic distinction between associate pairs that constitute categories of lexical relations (e.g. synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms etc.) and categories of associate pairs that have no obvious lexical relation. Proportion of categories of associates were estimated on 80 nouns from "Associative Dictionary of Serbian Language" (Piper, Dragicevic & Stefanovic, 2005), while frequencies of associates were estimated from "Frequency Dictionary of Contemporary Serbian Language" (Kostic, Dj., 1999). Categories of associates were divided into two groups: group of categories that included standard lexical relations and group that included idiosyncratic associates. Proportions of categories were analyzed with respect to a) frequency of a noun to which associates were generated and b) whether it was an abstract or concrete noun. Three measures were used to estimate proportion of categories: a) number of associates, b) sum frequency of associates and c) the average frequency per associate. When estimated with respect to number of associates and sum frequency of associates proportion of categories that included standard lexical relations were negligible (6% and 18%), but they become dominant when estimated with respect to the average frequency per associate. Such an outcome suggests that categories that include standard lexical relations are characterized by small number of associates (due to the fact that they are closed classes) with high frequency associates. Distinction between abstract and concrete nouns did not affect number of associates per category, which was not the case when proportions were estimated with respect to sum frequency of associates. Frequency of a noun to which associates were generated has no effect on productivity of associates, nor does it affects sum frequency per category. However, it has significant effect on the average frequency per associate within a given category.
Authoritarian personality: Psychoanalysis of antisemitism and prejudices
Authors: Todosijevic Bojan
Published: July 2008

The Authoritarian Personality is one of the most influential studies in social psychology, yet it has been subjected to different, often contradictory interpretations. This paper argues that the most important element of the authoritarian personality theory is the analysis of the psychological functionality of prejudice. Using psychoanalytic conceptual tools, the authors described the psychological logic behind apparently contradictory prejudices, and the function of prejudice in personal psychological 'economy'. In this way, Adorno et al. 'psychoanalyzed' both prejudice and the prejudiced. The first part of the paper presents the original research, with the particular focus on the less familiar aspects. The second part reviews the reactions to the Authoritarian Personality, and analyzes some of the better known criticisms and objections. The paper ends with the review of recent research trends inspired by Adorno et al.?s theory.
Social distance and attitudes towards ethnically mixed marriages
Authors: Kandido-Jaksic Maja
Published: July 2008

The paper presents the results of a survey that was designed to examine ethnic distance of some Belgrade's graduating students towards seven nations from ex-Yugoslavia. The research has been carried out by social distance scale, which makes possible to investigate the readiness for establishing the relationships of various degrees of closeness relative to different religion or nation with special attention to ethnic marriages. It is necessary to emphasize that the phenomenon of heterogeneous marriages has definitely been of exceptional significance for every society because, by living together and accepting elements from another culture, links are created between different groups and nations. It has been shown that ethnic distance is decreasing 11 years after the war if we compare it with the results obtained during the war, although the level of acceptance and confidence that existed before the war was not surveyed. According to obtained results we can expect that by deliberation of mass-media and complete normalization of the economic and cultural relations among the new established states in the territory of ex-Yugoslavia, in the future new ethnically mixed marriages in this region will be established. It should be pointed out that those results have a great political importance, because one can conclude that ethnic prejudices, which have appeared during the war, are not deeply rooted.
Sociodemografic and psychological characteristics of voters for SNSD and SDP BiH: Two faces of social democracy in Bosnia & Herzegovina
Authors: Puhalo Srdjan
Published: July 2008

There are two social democratic parties in Bosnia Herzegovina: SNSD and SDP BiH. These two parties differ regarding their origin and their political activity in Bosnia Herzegovina. Thus, it was assumed that voters of the two parties differ regarding their national composition, socio-demographic characteristics and political attitudes. In May of 2007 a face to face interview was conducted with 260 voters of SNSD and 147 voters of SDP BiH. SNSD?s voters were found to be less tolerant, less liberal and more prone to nationalism and the feeling of ethical superiority relative to voters of SDP BiH. As a matter of fact, SNSD?s voters were more similar to voters of some nationalistic political parties like SDS then to voters of SDP BiH. The observed differences between political attitudes of SNSD and SDP BiH voters was explained by increasing ethnic tensions in Bosnia Herzegovina in Spring of 2007 and by their essential dissimilarity: SNSD?s primary objective is Republika Srpska and its survival, while SDP BiH insist on unity of Bosnia Herzegovina.
Cross cultural comparison of JTCI inventory of temperament and character scores of 11-13 year olds
Authors: Dukanac Vesna , Dzamonja-Ignjatovic Tamara
Published: July 2008

The study compares characteristics of Serbian and American children on the dimensions of temperament and character on the Junior TCI (JTCI) for assessment of 9 to 13 year olds - based on Robert Cloninger?s Psychobiological model of temperament and character. Given the lack of assessment tools for this age group, the goal of the present study was to test the factor structure and main psychometric characteristics of the JTCI in order to determine the applicability of this questionnaire on Serbian children. The sample consisted of 222 boys and girls from the normal population, ages 11 to 13 and who attended grades 6 to 8. The results showed significant differences between Serbian and American sample. Namely, Serbian children had higher scores on the Novelty seeking and Harm Avoidance and lower scores on Reward Dependence and Persistency. As to the Character Dimensions, Serbian children had lower scores on Reward dependence and persistency, and significantly lower on Self-directedness and Cooperativeness. Scores on the Self-transcendence were higher among the Serbian children. The differences on Character dimensions between children from different cultures suppose to be primarily a result of the socialization process. They reflect a lower level of maturity, cooperation and probably compensatory reliance on the religion. Although it is a temperament dimension, being prone to negative emotions (higher scores on Danger avoidance) may also be a result of a situational sensitivity. This result could be interpreted as a reflection of the negative effects that the general socio cultural milieu had on the children who grew up during the social crisis and transitional periods of our society. The result did not confirm a seven factor personality structure of children in this age group. It is likely that at the age of 11 to 13, dimensions of character and temperament did not yet clearly differentiate. Finally, poor reliability of the JTCI scales imposes limitations on valid interpretation of these results. It also points out that using this questionnaire on Serbian children is limited unless necessary psychometric modification is conducted.
The appropriacy of fluency tests in assessing epileptic seizure lateralization in children with partial epilepsy
Authors: Vuksanovic Jasmina , Djuric Milena
Published: July 2008

Fluency tests are frequently used in clinical practice to asses executive functions. The literature data are not unequivocal although in a great number of papers is pointed out the importance of the left hemisphere, specially of the left frontal lobes in the mediation of phonological fluency and the right hemisphere in the mediation of nonverbal fluency. This paper considers the suitability of fluency tests for the detection of left versus right seizure laterality. The sample consisted of thirty-two epilepsy patients divided into two groups: LHF-participants with the seizure focus in the left hemisphere (n=16), and DHF-participants with the seizure focus in the right hemisphere (n=16), and K-the control group of t age-matched healthy children (n=50) aged 7-11 years. The qualitative and quantitative comparison of the phonological and nonverbal fluency performance was carried out in consideration of the seizure laterality as well as compared to the healthy controls. The results of phonological fluency performance revealed that the performance of the LHF group was significantly reduced as compared to both DHF and K group. The analysis of nonverbal fluency performance revealed that the performance of the DHF group was significantly reduced as compared to both LHF and K group The qualitative analysis obtained valuable data, which could additionally contribute to the neuropsychological evaluation of the left versus right seizure laterality.
Business communications and characteristics of employed managers
Authors: Mihailovic Dobrivoje , Kovacevic Ivana
Published: July 2008

Without ignoring the importance of effective transmission of information for each management process, this research has its aim to describe the appraisal of the managers` communication at work dependent on their personal demographic and professional characteristics. It was found, on sample of 281 Serbian managers that the educational level, age and years of professional experience are of importance for the assessment of the quality of communication. Also, it was revealed that the importance of this process for management is recognized and that managers are using variety of different communicational forms. Also, there are no differences between the ways of communication at work and in everyday life, so, there is an idea that we should investigate personal characteristics of individuals when evaluating the quality of communicational processes.
Comparation and validation of reading span tasks
Authors: Lalovic Dejan , Vejnovic Dusan
Published: July 2008

The aim of the present study was to compare two most widely employed versions of the reading span task in Serbian speaking population, with respect to the procedure and validity. First step was to compare psychometric properties of several measures of reading span, derived from each task version. Second step was to compare predictive validity of memory span and processing measures, for each task version. Two task versions proved to be parallel, with small discrepanciens, providing reliable and discriminative measures. The only exception was traditional reading span measure, which has not met any of psychometric standards. Therefore, we propose this measure to be abandoned. While processing measures showed better predictive validity with respect to criteria of verbal ability and reading comprehension, reading span measures independently contributed to prediction of the same criteria with only one exception. Results obtained suggest a small modifications of reading span tasks required in order to improve their psychometric properties. They also suggest combining processing and span measures might yield a better verbal working memory efficiency estimate.
Nutritional Status of School Going Children of a Selected School of Dhaka City
Authors: Begum Mohajira , Nessa Zaibun
Published: July 2008

Nutritional status of 327 boys and girls attending a high school in Dhaka City has been reported in this study. Weight for age (Wt/Age), height for age (Ht/Age) and weight for height (Wt/Ht) of the study participants were calculated and compared with the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference standards. Only 0.6% children were severely stunted and 4.3% were moderately stunted. In addition, 3.7% children were moderately wasted and 0.6% children were severely wasted. One girl was severely and 2.1% children were moderately underweight level. The overall nutritional status of the study samples was better than country situation and cannot be the similar to that of same age group of population of the country. Here, the children of the privileged class represent a typical group of population of the city.

Key words: Nutritional value, School student, Weight per age and height.

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.850

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 97-102, 2008
Nutrient Content of Poultry Feed Used in Different Poultry Farms of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan MMH , Chowdhury B , Bhuiyan MRH , Uddin MJ , Dawlatana M , Rahim M
Published: July 2008

As quality of feed is the main determinant factor in successful poultry farming attempts were made to evaluate the quality of feeds used in the farms of Bangladesh. Feed samples were collected from two layer farm, four big hatcheries and six broiler farms located in different areas of Bangladesh and the collection was continued for twelve months. For monitoring the quality, dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, ash and calcium content in the feed were determined. The information regarding the source and ingredients of the feed as well as the feeding practices followed by the farms was also recorded. Based on age, purpose and stage of production, different feeding systems were practiced by the farms. In the present investigation, breeder farms were found to own feed-mill where they produced their feed and the quality of the feed appeared better compared to those used in broiler or layer farms. The nutrient contents in breeder ration were as per recommendation of the strain producing company. A wide variation of nutrient contents was observed in the feed fed to broilers in different farms. When the broiler feed was produced in the own feed-mill of the farm or supplied from a renowned feed- mill, the quality appeared to be quite acceptable with some deviation. Some self-prepared broiler feeds contained higher amount of ash and calcium. The broiler feed from retailer shop was found to be least acceptable. Remarkable fluctuation was noticed in metabolizable energy( ME) and ash content of layer layer feed procured from the retailer shop.

Key words: Poultry feed, Nutrient content, Breeder feed, Broiler feed, Layer feed

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.852

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 1-12, 2008
Effects of Pre-sowing Treatments of Calcium Chloride and Phosphorus Fertilization on the Growth, Yield and Oil Content of Groundnut
Authors: Jahangir AA , Hossain M , Jahan MAA , Nada K , Sarker MAM , Begum Monowara
Published: July 2008

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of pre-sowing treatment of calcium chloride and phosphorus fertilization individually and combinely on the yield, oil content and physico-chemical properties of groundnut. This experiment consists of three pre-sowing treatments of calcium chloride solution (0%, 0.15%, 0.25%,0.50%) and four doses of phosphorus (0,30,45,60,75 kg/ha) with control. Pod yield of groundnut found 2.25 t/ha was maximum at 0.50% calcium chloride presowing treatment. The number of pods/plant (26.86) as well as, weight of 100 seeds (88.49) found significantly increased by applying 75 kg P2O5 / hectare when compared to the control. From the interaction of pre-sowing and fertilizer treatments, ie, 0.50% pre-sowing of calcium chloride (T3 ) with 75 kg P2O5 / hectare ( P4) produced significantly increased of pod yield (2.54 t / ha) and oil content (47.25%) of groundnut. Responses of pre-sowing and fertilization treatments on physico-chemical properties of groundnut oil such as refractive index, peroxide value, density remained unchanged throughout this experiment.

Key words: Groundnut, Presowing, Calcium chlorid, Phosphorus, Oil content.

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.854

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 29-36, 2008
Influence of Nitrogen - Phosphorus Fertilization and Time of Harvest on the Growth, Yield and Oil Content of Mentha spicata L.
Authors: Jahangir AA , Nada K , Begum F , Hossain M , Sarker MAM , Moniruzzaman M
Published: July 2008

Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of application of nitrogenphosphorus fertilizer and harvesting time on growth, yield, oil content and physiochemical properties of M. spicata L. oil. Eight treatment consists of different N-P fertilizer dose and four harvesting period were used for the study. Maximum plant height was found at N2P2 treatment. N2P3 fertilizer treatment produced highest herb yield. The oil content of M. spicata L. was maximum at 130 day harvesting period. The oil refractive index was also enhanced with increasing harvesting time. In case of interaction effect between different level of nitrogen-phosphorus and harvesting time showed highest oil concentration at N2P2 treatment within 130 days harvesting time. Where as the optical rotation, acid value and density of oil was remain more or less same during the whole experiment period.

Key words: M. spicata, Nitrogen-phosphorus, Fertilizer, Harvest time, Optical rotation, Acid value and Oil content.

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.856

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 47-54, 2008
Effect of Sapium indicum, Thevetia neriifolia and Jatropha gossypifolia Seed Extract on the Fecundity and Fertility of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum
Authors: Khanam LA Muslima , Khan AR , Khalequzzaman M , Rahman SM
Published: July 2008

An experiment has been conducted to find out the toxic effect of acetone extract of Sapium indicum seed, petroleum ether extract of Thevetia neriifolia seed kernel and Jatropha gossypifolia seed on the fecundity and fertility of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum. The results indicated that all the treatments significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the fecundity and fertility of both the insect species. However Jatropha gossypifolia seed extract did not reduce significantly the fertility of Tribolium castaneum in comparison with the control but a decline of fertility was observed with the increase of dose of treatment.

Key word: Seed extracts, T. castaneum, T. confusum, Fecundity and Fertility.

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.857

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 55-66, 2008
Studies on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Ceramic Tiles Produced from Locally Available Raw Materials
Authors: Jahan SA , Parveen S , Ahmed S , Zaman M Moniruz
Published: July 2008

Due to the increasing demand of cost-effective tiles in Bangladesh, using the locally available raw materials five different batches of tiles have been prepared and their physical properties (firing shrinkage, bending strength, water absorption, bulk density etc.) as well as chemical properties were studied in order to evaluate the quality of the products. The present investigation revealed that various properties of the produced tiles are similar to those present in commercial tiles which are available in the local market.

Key words: Tiles, Firing shrinkage, Bending strength, Water absorption, Bulk density.

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.859

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 77-88, 2008
Antimicrobial Compounds from the Shoots of Arctotis Arctotoides
Authors: Sultana Nasim , Afolayan AJ , Bhuiyan Rauf Ahmed
Published: July 2008

Arctotis arctotoides is a perennial herb used medicinally for the treatment of various ailments in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Different extracts from the shoots of this herb showed antimicrobial activity against some bacterial species. Bioassay guided fractionation of the extracts has led to the isolation of three compounds, glycerol-1- docosanoate, zaluzanin C and perydiscolic acid. The structures were elucidated on the basis of their one- and two-dimensional NMR spectral analysis and by a comparative literature study. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the compounds revealed moderate activity against four Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria.

Keywords: Arctotis arctotoides, Asteraceae, Antibacterial activity, Glycerol-1- docosanoate, Zaluzanin C, Perydiscolic acid.

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.860

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 89-96, 2008
Investigations on the Redox Characteristics and Hydrogen Evolution Efficiencies of Pd and Mo Deposited Pd Electrodes in Alkaline Electrolyte
Authors: Molla M Ashraful Islam , Sarker Mithun , Kibria AKM Fazle
Published: July 2008

Redox behaviors and hydrogen evolution efficiencies of Pd and Mo deposited Pd electrodes have been investigated in 30wt.% KOH electrolyte by cyclic voltammetry. Cyclic voltammograms of Pd electrode in between the potential range - 1.05 V to + 0.75 V showed two couples of redox peaks for the transformations of Pd(0) ←→ Pd(OH)2 and Pd(OH)2 ←→ PdOOH, an anodic peak for the desorption of diffusional hydrogen (dH) and hydrogen and oxygen evolutions at the terminal potential regions. Hydrogen evolution efficiency found decreased with time and then reached to a stable condition after 35 minutes. In presence of deposited Mo, the electrode stable condition appeared after 10 minutes only. Pd found predominates over deposited Mo. Both the Pd(0) ←Pd(OH)2 and Mo(0) ← Mo(OH)2 transformations appeared at the same potential value. Mo stopped the movement of hydrogen adsorption and absorption region of Pd electrode towards negative potential direction. It increased the hydrogen evolution efficiency of Pd electrode remarkably. At the potentials - 1.1 V, - 1.2 V, - 1.25 V and - 1.3 V, currents for Pd + Mo system found 1.44, 1.25, 1.20, 1.23 times higher than those of Pd electrode. Mo also showed hydrogen migratory role to the fraction of Pd surface covered by it. Hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) over Pd and Pd + Mo surfaces seemed followed similar mechanisms. Tafel plots for the HER for both the systems showed two Tafel regions. Exchange current density values (io) for the low and high overpotential regions of Pd + Mo system showed 2.85 times and 1.29 times higher values than those of Pd electrode.

Key words: Pd, Pd-Mo, Hydrogen evolution efficiency, Hydrogen evolution reactions (HER)

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.861

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 103-116, 2008
Detection of Potential Hazards at Different Phases of Fish and Prawn Processing Plants in Khulna
Authors: Nargis A , Hossain MA , Parween S
Published: July 2008

Frozen fish and prawns occupy the highest rank among the export commodities. Export market of frozen fish/prawn totally depends on the freshness of the commodity. In order to give quality assurance of frozen fish and prawns of Bangladesh, the HACCP system is needed for different mechanisms of processing and consumption. In the present investigation, a total of 10 critical points were identified with farm to processing plants. The identification of potential hazards at different phases (catch and storage at fishing area, transportation, prior to processing, factory hygiene, processing, freezing, packaging, storage and shipment and storage at shipping area) of fish and prawn shrimp processing, and implementation of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system in this industry is the only weapon which can increase the demand of fish and prawns of Bangladesh in export market.

Key words: Potential hazards, critical control points, HACCP, Fish processing plants

DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.864

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1),131-138, 2008
Production of Soysauce from Soybean and Wheat by Fermentation
Authors: Feroza Badrunesa , Begum Shamina , Ahmed Monzur Morshed
Published: July 2008

Abstract not available.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 139-144, 2008
Investigations on Terminalia Arjuna Fruits: Part 2- Isolation of Comound from ethyl Acetate Fraction
Authors: Haque M Zahurul , Saki M Abdullah As , Ali M Umar , Ali M Yusuff , Maruf M Abdullah-Al
Published: July 2008

No Abstract Available.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 145, 2008
Effect of Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) on the Surface Reaction Behavior and the Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency of Ni-30at.%Cu Electrode in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Kibria AKM Fazle
Published: July 2008

The surface reaction characteristics, hydrogen evolution efficiency and hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics of Ni-30at.%Cu electrode have been investigated in 30wt.%KOH electrolyte in presence and absence of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) at room temperature by cyclic voltammetric technique. Cyclic voltammogram of the electrode showed three couples of oxidation-reduction peaks in between the potential range - 1.1 to + 0.4 V. The peak couples were originated from the electrochemical transformations of Ni(0) ←→ Ni(OH)2, Cu(0) ←→ Cu(I) and Cu(I) ←→ Cu(OH)2. An interference of the adsorped hydrogen over Cu(0) surface on the transformation of Ni(OH) 2 → Ni(0) was found. It was realized that added EDTA forms Cu-EDTA complex over the electrode surface. With increasing the amount of EDTA, the thickness of Cu(OH) 2 layer gradually decreased. Addition of 0.04g, 0.08g and 0.12g EDTAincreased the hydrogen evolution efficiency of the electrode more than 6%, 12% and 17%. Tafel plots for both the systems showed two well-defined Tafel regions. 0.12g EDTA increased the exchange current density (i0) values 1.3 times for both the Tafel regions. The observed i0 value for the high overpotential (η) region is 1.8 and 2.9 times higher than those of Ni and Cu electrodes. The Tafel slope (b) values for both the low and high η regions are smaller than those observed for without EDTA system and also for the Ni electrode. From the achieved information, it can be concluded that addition of EDTA remarkably increased the hydrogen evolution efficiency of the Ni-30at.%Cu electrode. It seems that hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) followed like mechanisms in absence and presence of EDTA. Key words: Ni-30at.%Cu electrode, EDTA, Electrochemical transformation, Surface reactions, Hydrogen evolution, Hydrogen evolution reactions (HER)DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.955 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 145-158, 2008
Growth Inhibition and Mutagenesis of Neurospora crassa and the Same Organism by Leaf Extracts of Andrographis paniculata Burm. f.
Authors: Bhuiyan M Nazrul Islam , Mozmader TIMA , Khatun Rahima , Akter Sumi , Islam Md. Rafiqul
Published: July 2008

Crude leaf extracts of Andrographis paniculata Burm. f. showed significant inhibition of growth and mutagenesis of N. crassa. Result showed that 1 ml extract can react with the test organism, Neurospora crassa very easily. During the period of 24 hours, it produced only 1.8 cm linear vegetative growth of the mycelia. Whereas 1 ml and 0.50 ml extracts produced less reactions (2.95 and 3.15 cm. respectively). The linear growth decreased with the increase of the concentrations of the extracts. Conidia of Ema (5297) of N. crassa were treated for 3-4 hours separately in 100% and 50% concentration of the extracts. One hundred percent extracts produced four types of mutants, namely- dirty, ropy, albino, and buff and 50% extracts produced three types of mutants, namely- plug, ropy (thin) and conidial brand. Key words: Neurospora crassa, Andrographis paniculata, Mutants, Dirty, Ropy, Albino, Buff, Plug, Ropy (thin) and Conidial brand.DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.960 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 173-182, 2008
Studies on Black Iron Oxide Pigment. Part I: Effect of Preparation Parameter on Physical and Optical Properties of Ferrosoferric Oxide
Authors: Neger AJM Tahuran , Parvin Sufia , Ahmed Aftabuddin , Alam AM Shafiqul
Published: July 2008

Black iron oxide pigment has been successfully prepared by traditional method. Ferrous sulphate was used as the starting iron source. The effect of amount of acid, type and amount of alkali and oxidizing agent on colour and yield were also studied. It was found that, the conversion of insitu produced ferrous chloride to ferrosoferric oxide yielded brilliant colour hue than that produced directly from ferrous sulphate. The produced ferrosoferric oxide were analyzed for purity and characterized for physical properties to be used as a pigment. The prepared samples were found to be comparable with BAYER bayferrox 318. Statistical evaluation also confirmed the experimental result. Key words : Black oxide pigment, Optical properties, Ferrous sulphate, Oxidizing agent  DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.962 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 183-196, 2008
Study of Homogeneity and Water Absorption Behavior of Double Layer Silver Gray Tiles Using Film Neutron Radiography Technique
Authors: Alam MK , Islam MN , Zaman MA
Published: July 2008

Neutron radiography (NR) technique has been adopted to study homogeneity and water absorption behavior of building materials, like double layer silver gray tiles obtained from Concord Real Estate & Building Products, Unit II, Salna, Gazipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Measurements of optical density differences between the film background and radiographic images of the dry/wet samples were used for investigation of the present work. The optical density was measured by using the digital optical densitometer (Model 07-424, S-23285, Victoreen Inc. USA). Large variation in optical density values of the radiographic image was observed. From this observation it shows that the rate of water absorption of the tiles increases with increase of immersion time. Through the investigation of radiographic image and subsequently analyzing the optical density we observed that distribution of the elements in the tiles are inhomogeneous. Key words: Homogeneity, Water absorption, Silver gray, Neturon radiography.DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.963 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 197-206, 2008
Effect of Incorporation Time of Groundnut Residue on Succeeding Rice Crop
Authors: Basak NC , Hossain SM Altaf , Islam N , Bhuiyan NI
Published: July 2008

An experiment was conducted during 1999 and 2000 kharif seasons to know the right time of incorporation of groundnut crop residue and its subsequent effect on the following rice crop. The treatments of the experiment were five incorporation time of groundnut crop residue i.e., 12 days before transplanting (12 DBT), 9 DBT, 6 DBT, 3 DBT and 0 DBT of following T. aus rice along with a control (no incorporation of residue). The results showed that yield contributing characters and yield of T. aus rice varied significantly and increased with the increase of incorporation time. But incorporation at 3 days before transplanting performed worst due to seedling mortality by gas injury. The other incorporation time treatments gave identical grain yield (3.69-3.99 t ha-1 in1999 and 3.90-4.10 t ha-1 in 2000) and straw yield (3.89-4.67 t ha-1 in 1999 and 4.00-4.43 t ha-1 in 2000). The average highest grain yield (4.04 t ha-1) was obtained from the treatment 12 DBT. Key words: Residue effect, Incorporation period, Rice, Yield, Soil fertility.  DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.964 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2),207-214, 2008
Micropropagation of Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk- a Valuable Medicinal Herb
Authors: Hassan AKM Sayeed , Afroz Farhana , Bari Laila Shamroze , Munshi John Liton , Jahan Miskat Ara Akhter , Khatun Rahima
Published: July 2008

A protocol was established for mass propagation of a valuable medicinal herb, Eclipta alba (Linn.) Hassk (Asteraceae) through in vitro culture. Apical and axillary buds of young sprouts from selected plants were used as explants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl-1 BAP + 0.1 mgl-1 NAA, in which 94% of the explants produced 18 shoots per culture. Repeated subcultures in the same medium, resulted rapid shoot multiplication with 26 shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half strength MS medium with 1.0 mgl-1 IBA +1.0 mgl-1 NAA. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 80%. Key words: Eclipta alba, Medicinal plant, Shoot proliferation, Micropropagation, Acclimatization   DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.965 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 215-222, 2008
Parasitic Infection with Cirrhina mrigala (Hamilton) Collected from Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Bhuiyan Abdus Salam , Musa Abu Saleh Md. , Musa Golam Mohammad , Zaman Tanjeena
Published: July 2008

The parasitic infection was studied on Cirrhina mrigala, an indigenous major carp in different water bodies of Rajshahi district during April 2006 to January 2007. A total of 83 specimens of C. mrigala were examined during the study period of which 74 fishes were observed to be infected by numerous protozoan and metazoan parasites. A total number of 3063 parasites were recorded from the infected fishes. Ten different parasitic genera, Trichodina, Myxobolus, Chilodonella, Ichthyophthirius, Dactylogyrus, Gyrodactylus, Fellodistomum, Eucreadium, Camallanus and Argulus were identified from the hosts sampled. Among them seven were cetoparasites and three were endoparasites. Parasites were collected from different body parts of the fishes. Most of the parasites were collected from external body surfaces and gills. Prevalence, intensity and abundance of the infection with parasites were varied to different length groups of the hosts and months of the year. In case of length, the medium sized fishes were more infected than the maximum sized and their prevalence, intensity and abundance were highest. Infection rate was lowest in larger size fish group. In seasonal variation, the maximum infection was observed in pre-winter and the lowest number was recorded in rainy season. Key words: Parasitic infection, Cirrhina mrigala, Prevalence, Intensity, Abundance.  DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.968 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 243-250, 2008
Repellency of Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Tribolium confusum Duval (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae) to the Rhizome and Leaf Extracts of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.
Authors: Khanam LAM , Rahman MS , Mahfuz I
Published: July 2008

Repellent activity of different solvent extracts of Zingiber cassumunar rhizome and leaf against Tribolium castaneum and T. confusum were conducted. The results indicated that both the insect species were repelled by Z. cassumunar rhizome and leaf extracts. Among these, acetone extracts of rhizome showed highest repellency to T. castaneum than those of other extract tested. Petroleum ether extracts of Z. cassumunar leaf acted as repulsive to T. castaneum whereas other extracts exhibited weak to moderate effects to the beetles. All the extracts of leaf produced weak to moderate effects to T. confusum however, methanol extract of leaf showed little effect to the bettles. Key words: Zingiber cassumunar, Seed and leaf extracts, Repellency, Tribolium castaneum, T. confusum.DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.969   Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 251-258, 2008
Microbial Contamination of Water in Around Dhaka City
Authors: Parveen Sahana , Ahmed M Shakir Uddin , Nasreen Tania
Published: July 2008

A total of 109 water samples were collected from around Dhaka city and examined for microbial contamination. Samples were collected in sterilized screw capped glass bottles, transported to the laboratory in cold and processed within 6 hours of their collection. All river water, pond water and household water were found heavily contaminated with coliform, faecal coliform, E. Coli and Salmonella whereas tube well water and bottled water was devoid of faecal coliform, E. Coli and Salmonella. A significant correlation between total number of total coliform and percentage of Salmonella was also investigated. It is suggested that water must be boiled before use. Key Words: Water contamination, Total coliform, Faecal coliform, Salmonella DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.972 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 273-276, 2008
Alkylation of Cresols with Cyclohexene in the Presence of p-Toluenesulphonic Acid
Authors: Saha Manoranjan , Dey Haradhan Chandra , Karim Mohammad Ziaul , Ismail Mohammad , Saha Dipti
Published: July 2008

Isomeric cresols have been cycloalkylated with cyclohexene in the presence of p-toluenesulphonic acid as catalyst. The effects of the variation of temperature, molar ratio of cresol to cyclohexene, time of reaction and amount of p-toluenesulphonic acid on the reactions have been studied and cyclohexyl cresols have been obtained in high yield.DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.973   Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2), 277-282, 2008
Siren canora: the mermaid and the mythical in late nineteenth-century science
Authors: BRINK-ROBY H.
Published: July 2008

This paper argues that, for a number of naturalists and lay commentators in the second half of the nineteenth century, evolutionary – especially Darwinian – theory gave new authority to mythical creatures. These writers drew on specific elements of evolutionary theory to assert the existence of mermaids, dragons and other fabulous beasts. But mythological creatures also performed a second, often contrapositive, argumentative function; commentators who rejected evolution regularly did so by dismissing these creatures. Such critics agreed that Darwin's theory legitimized the mythological animal, but they employed this legitimization to undermine the theory itself.

The mermaid, in particular, was a focus of attention in this mytho-evolutionary debate, which ranged from the pages of Punch to the lecture halls of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Crossing social boundaries and taking advantage of a range of venues, this debate arose in response to the indeterminate challenge of evolutionary theory. In its discussions of mermaids and dragons, centaurs and satyrs, this discourse helped define that challenge, construing and constructing the meanings and implications of evolutionary theory in the decades following Darwin's publication.
Disposing of John Lindley's library and herbarium: the offer to Australia
Authors: LUCAS A. M.
Published: July 2008

Shortly before he died, John Lindley decided to dispose of his herbarium and botanical library. He sold his orchid herbarium to the United Kingdom government for deposit at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and then offered his library and the remainder of his herbarium to Ferdinand Mueller in Melbourne. On his behalf, Joseph Hooker had earlier unsuccessfully offered the library and remnant herbarium to the University of Sydney, using the good offices of Sir Charles Nicholson. Although neither the University of Sydney nor Mueller was able to raise the necessary funds to purchase either collection, the correspondence allows a reconstruction of a catalogue of Lindley's library, and poses some questions about Joseph Hooker's motives in attempting to dispose of Lindley's material outside the United Kingdom. The final disposal of the herbarium to Cambridge and previous analyses of the purchase of his Library for the Royal Horticultural Society are discussed. A list of the works from Lindley's library offered for sale to Australia is appended.
Robert McAndrew FRS (1802–1873) – a family perspective
Authors: MacANDREW RICHARD
Published: July 2008

A brief biographical account is given of the nineteenth-century marine dredger, naturalist and shell collector, Robert McAndrew, based on a hitherto unavailable family memoir written in 1915 by his youngest son, George. Robert McAndrew's extensive shell collection is kept in the University of Cambridge Museum of Zoology.

George's own residence was at Juniper Hall in Surrey, a property sold to the National Trust in 1945 and now leased to the Field Studies Council as a field study centre.
The origin of modern ornithology in Europe
Authors: HAFFER J.
Published: July 2008

During the nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century, ornithology was deeply subdivided into systematic ornithology and field ornithology (natural history of birds). In the early 1920s, Erwin Stresemann (1889–1972) in Berlin, Germany, initiated the integration of both branches into a unified New Avian Biology through a change of the editorial policy of Journal für Ornithologie and through the publication of his large volume Aves (1927–1934) in Handbuch der Zoologie which became the founding document of modern ornithology in central Europe (“Stresemann revolution”). It was quickly recognized that birds are well suited for studies into the problems of functional morphology, physiology, ecology, behaviour, and orientation of animals.

The “Stresemann revolution” went unnoticed in Great Britain, where the established editorial policy of the leading ornithological journal, The Ibis, from the 1920s to the mid-1940s was to publish articles based on a traditional definition of science, fact-gathering rather than answering open questions. Several authors who had published biological studies since 1900 remained on the fringes of British ornithology. One of these was David Lack (1910–1973) who, during the mid-1940s, was able to introduce the New Avian Biology to the United Kingdom against the resistance of the majority of conservatively minded older British ornithologists. As his own contributions to the New Avian Biology, Lack added the broad fields of evolutionary ecology and population biology of birds which, under his leadership, became the major research topics of the Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology at the University of Oxford.
Sculptures of mammals in the Grotta degli Animali of the Villa Medici di Castello, Florence, Italy: a stone menagerie
Authors: MASSETI MARCO
Published: July 2008

The Grotta degli Animali of the Villa Medici di Castello, Florence, Italy, houses a varied range of life-size mammals in polychrome marble, perhaps created by Cosimo Fancelli around 1555, on a model by Baccio Bandinelli. This paper describes and identifies the mammalian species portrayed, bearing in mind, however, the possible influence of an iconographic tradition, as well as the probable inspiration from mythological and legendary sources.