bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FLÂNEUR O VOYEUR: LA AMBIGÜEDAD DE LA FIGURACIÓN DEL YO EN VENTANAS DE MANHATTAN (2004), DE ANTONIO MUÑOZ MOLINA
Authors: VULKERS Mieke
Published: April 2020

Resumen: Generalmente se caracterizan las novelas de Antonio MuñozMolina como híbridos, o sea, la inserción de géneros no-ficcionales en elmarco de una obra novelística. Aunque se presenta Ventanas de Manhattan(2004) solamente como un diario o un libro de viajes, el presente trabajoargumenta que la obra manifiesta una forma genérica híbrida. En base a unmarco teórico, se establecen los componentes que llevan a la caracterizaciónde Ventanas de Manhattan como autoficcional. A continuación, esteartículo se centra en la construcción del yo como una estructura ficcional,fundada en arquetipos literarios. Abstract: The novels of Spanish author Antonio Muñoz Molina generallyare characterized as hybrids, inserting non-fictional genres within theframe of a novelistic work. Although Ventanas de Manhattan (2004) is presented as a diary or even as a travelling journal, this article argues that the work shows a hybrid generic form. Founded upon a theoretical frame, it establishes the components that lead to the characterization of the work as autofictional. Subsequently this article focuses on the construction of the first-person character as a fictional structure, based on literary archetypes.
ANTONIO BUERO VALLEJO EN HUNGRÍA
Authors: KATONA Eszter
Published: April 2020

Resumen: El objetivo del presente artículo es ofrecer un análisis abarcadorsobre la recepción en Hungría de la obra de Antonio Buero Vallejo.Mencionaremos las once traducciones y, después, examinaremos, a travésde la crítica de la prensa, los cinco estrenos húngaros de sus tres dramas: Enla ardiente oscuridad, puesto en escena dos veces (1962, 1976); El sueñode la razón, montado en 1974; y los dos estrenos de La fundación (1976,1979). Para completar la recepción húngara del autor más destacado delteatro español de la posguerra, repasaremos también algunos escritos quedivulgan su fama en Hungría. Abstract: The aim of this article is to give a comprehensive analysis aboutthe reception of the work of Antonio Buero Vallejo in Hungary. We presentthe eleven translations and then, based on press criticism, analyse the fiveHungarian premieres of three plays: In the Burning Darkness, staged twice(1962, 1976); The Sleep of Reason, debuted in 1974; and two premieresof The Foundation (1976, 1979). To complete the Hungarian image ofthe most prominent author of the post-civil war Spanish theatre, we alsoreview some articles that popularized him in Hungary.
LA AUTONOMÍA DEL GUION CINEMATOGRÁFICO COMO GÉNERO LITERARIO. LA GENIALIDAD CREATIVA DE BUÑUEL Y JULIO ALEJANDRO EN VIRIDIANA (1961)
Authors: JIMÉNEZ GÓMEZ Cristina
Published: April 2020

Resumen: El guion cinematográfico no constituye un simple instrumentopara la realización final del film, sino que requiere ser estudiado como untexto artístico y como un género literario en sí mismo en tanto que poseeunas características retóricas, estéticas y poéticas que son expresadas através del lenguaje cinematográfico. En el guion cinematográfico deViridiana (1961), Luis Buñuel y Julio Alejandro explotan los recursosretóricos, poéticos y estéticos del texto guionístico para construir laanalogía visual y los significados metafóricos y simbólicos en la estructuranarrativa de su película. Abstract: The screenplay is not a simple instrument for the final realizationof the film, but it needs to be studied as an artistic text and as a literarygenre due to that possesses a rhetorical, aesthetic and poetic characteristicsthat are expressed through the cinematographic language. In the script ofViridiana (1961), Luis Buñuel and Julio Alejandro use the rhetorical, poeticand aesthetic resources of the screenwriting text to construct the visual analogy and the metaphorical and symbolic meanings in the narrative structure of their film.
EL MONÓLOGO DRAMÁTICO EN LA POESÍA ESPAÑOLA CONTEMPORÁNEA: JOSÉ HIERRO Y PEDRO PROVENCIO
Authors: FRÜHBECK MORENO Carlos
Published: April 2020

Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es aportar nuevas perspectivassobre la lectura de la poesía con la ayuda de la teoría de la relevancia y laretórica. Con el monólogo dramático como punto de referencia, se prestaráatención al estatuto del poema como texto persuasivo y a la naturaleza dela enunciación. Para terminar, se analizarán dos poemas de José Hierro yPedro Provencio. Abstract: This paper aims to provide new perspectives on reading poetrywith the support of Relevance Theory and Rhetoric. While studyingdramatic monologue, we will focus on the poem as a persuasive text andon the characteristics of enunciation. Last, two poems by José Hierro andPedro Provencio will be analyzed.
EL ARTE DE LO ÍNTIMO Y LA CREACIÓN DE UN MUNDO COMÚN
Authors: FORERO-MENDOZA Sabine
Published: April 2020

Resumen: A partir de mediados de los años 90, en el campo la prácticaartística, se multiplican las obras que hacen de la exploración de la intimidadun tema mayor donde lo más fútil de la existencia cotidiana se convierteen el material predilecto. Muchas críticas estigmatizan el narcisismo deuna sociedad despolitizada y sometida al imperativo de la transparencia.Tomando una dirección opuesta, este artículo trata de mostrar que algunosartistas, al expresar aspectos de sus vidas íntimas, alcanzan a definir unmundo común propicio para el despliegue de interrogaciones políticas ysociales. Abstract: Since the second half of 1990’s, within the artistic practice field,numerous are the works that make the exploration of intimacy a major themewhere the most futile in daily existence becomes the favorite material. Alot of critics stigmatize the narcissism of a depoliticized society, submittedto the imperative of transparency. Taking an opposite direction, this article tries to explain that some artists, while expressing aspects of their intimate lives, succeed in defining a common world convenient for the deployment of political and social interrogations.
LA EXPRESIÓN DE LA INTIMIDAD EN EL SUJETO DESCENTRADO: EL DIARIO DE MARGA GIL ROËSSET
Authors: HERMOSILLA ÁLVAREZ M.ª Ángeles
Published: April 2020

Resumen: Aunque el número de mujeres que han publicado textos autobiográficosha sido escaso, en gran medida porque han preferido llevar ala autoficción los aspectos de su intimidad, algunas se decidieron a comunicarsus sentimientos y vivencias en determinadas circunstancias. Es elcaso de Marga Gil Roësset, la artista que se suicidó por el amor no correspondidoa Juan Ramón Jiménez. Indagar en las características de un yofemenino que toma la pluma para expresar su pasión amorosa en un diarioy en las peculiaridades de su escritura es el objetivo de este trabajo. Abstract: Although the number of autobiographical texts written bywomen is scarce, due to a great extent to their preference to express theirprivate aspects through self-fiction, some of them decided, under certain circumstances, to communicate their own experience and feelings. This is the case of Marga Gil Roësset, the artist who committed suicide as a response to her unrequited love for Juan Ramon Jimenez. The aim of this paper is to make insights into the main features of a feminine self that takes up the pen to express her affectionate passion in her diary, as well as to focus on the particular traits of her writing.
Reseña de: José Luis GONZÁLEZ SUBÍAS. LITERATURA Y ESCENA. UNA HISTORIA DEL TEATRO ESPAÑOL. (Madrid: Punto de Vista Editores, 2019, 471 págs.)
Authors: PÉREZ-CASTILLA Javier
Published: April 2020

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El sistema electoral italiano y su reforma: el desafío de la consolidación
Authors: Clementi Francesco
Published: April 2020

En los veintiséis años que caracterizan a las seis últimas legislaturas italianas (1994-2020) ha habido una intensa actividad político-institucional, acompañada de una fuerte modificación del sistema de los partidos políticos. En este contexto, el sistema electoral y sus continuas modificaciones con nuevas leyes electorales ha influido fuertemente en la forma de gobierno, marcando su dinámica, tanto directa como indirectamente. Sin embargo, el rápido cambio de los diferentes sistemas electorales en los últimos años no ha estado acompañado de reformas parejas en el texto constitucional, produciéndose una asimetría en el funcionamiento de los nuevos sistemas electorales que se iban adoptando gradualmente, que los hacía sustancialmente incompletos, incoherentes y, en definitiva, frágiles. Todo ello ha terminado degradando el sistema a ojos de la ciudadanía. Las presentes notas tienen por objeto poner de relieve las transformaciones que se han producido sobre el sistema electoral, tratando de subrayar las dificultades de su consolidación, en el marco de la llamada Segunda República (1994-2020) y de su nuevo sistema de partidos políticos.In the twenty-six years that characterize the last six Italian legislatures (1994-2020) Italy has seen, from the political-institutional point of view, an intense activity that was accompanied by a very similar vitality of the political party system. In this context, the electoral system and its continuous modifications with new electoral laws has strongly influenced the form of government, marking, by the decisive conditioning factor that represents the party system, its dynamics, both directly and indirectly. However, the rapid change of the different electoral systems in recent years has not been accompanied by an equal change in the constitutional text, so there has been an asymmetry in the functioning of the new electoral systems that were being adopted gradually, making them substantially incomplete, inconsistent and ultimately fragile. Faced with an immutability of the constitutional system, this continuous mutability in the electoral system has not only made the whole political-institutional system very weak, but also degraded it in its function in the eyes of the voters, as it seemed a clearly inefficient tool with respect to the needs of the constitutional system. Therefore, the present contribution aims to highlight the transformations that have taken place on the electoral system, trying to underline the difficulties of its consolidation, within the framework of the so-called Second Republic (1994-2020) and its new system of political parties.
La -¿insospechada?- modernidad del Derecho y del sistema electoral españoles en el siglo XIX
Authors: Presno Linera Miguel
Published: April 2020

En las páginas siguientes expondremos la cara «positiva» que presentó, en general, el Derecho electoral español durante el siglo XIX y primeros años del XX y que se caracterizó por una notable modernidad. También estudiaremos qué tipo de sistema electoral se implantó en esta parte de la normativa electoral española que había nacido en 1810.In the following pages we will show the «positive» side that, usually, the Spanish Electoral Law presented, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by a remarkable modernity. We will also analyse which type of electoral system predominated on the Electoral History born in Spain, on the year of 1810.
¿Una antinomia constitucional? El sufragio (des)igual en la Constitución de 1978
Authors: Urdánoz Ganuza Jorge
Published: April 2020

Se aborda la peculiar situación jurídico-política del sufragio igual en nuestro país. Las perspectivas que se utilizan son sobre todo las propias de tres disciplinas bien diferenciadas: la Filosofía Política, el Derecho Constitucional y la Ciencia Política. A ellas se une, además, el enfoque propio de una rama del conocimiento más joven y menos frecuentada, la Teoría de las Votaciones. Las conclusiones son considerablemente preocupantes: por un lado, empíricamente, España es uno de los países del mundo con una mayor desigualdad de voto; por otro, jurídicamente, la constitución de 1978 se encuentra presa de una antinomia que ha impedido que el derecho fundamental de los ciudadanos al voto igual pueda ser protegido constitucionalmente.The article examines the legal and political state of equal suffrage in Spain. The perspectives applied are fundamentally those of three well differentiated subject areas: Political Philosophy, Constitutional Law and Political Science. In addition, the text also grounds on a more younger field, the Voting Theory. The conclusions reached are highly worrying: not only that Spain is the country with one of the highest verifiable incidence of inequality in its voting system, but also that its Constitution of 1978 is host to a legal antinomy that has impeded adequate constitutional protection to guarantee the fundamental right of its citizens to an equal vote.
Cuarenta años de la ley electoral para el Parlamento de Catalunya
Authors: Magre Ferrán Jaume
Published: April 2020

A pesar de los muchos años transcurridos desde la aprobación del Estatut de Sau, el año 1979, la prevista ley electoral no se ha llegado a aprobar y Catalunya se ha convertido en la única comunidad autónoma sin una ley electoral propia. El artículo realiza un itinerario entre las distintas propuestas de la formaciones políticas a través de cuatro décadas de sistema político catalán —a partir de los tres momentos en los que los partidos presentan sus modelos de sistema electoral— para acabar mostrando que la rigidez de la reforma del Estatuto de 2006 en lo que atañe a la aprobación de la Ley electoral, ha incentivado las posturas maximizadoras de los partidos políticos y ha dado cabida a las posiciones de veto, lo que ha restado eficacia a la negociación y a las posibilidades de pacto.Despite the many years that have elapsed since the adoption of the Sau Statute, in 1979, the electoral law has not been approved and Catalonia. It is the only autonomous community without its own electoral law. The article makes an itinerary between the different proposals of the political formations through four decades of the Catalan political system — from the three moments in which the parties present their electoral system models — to end up showing that the rigidity of the reform of the 2006 Statute regarding the approval of the Electoral Law, it has encouraged the maximizing positions of the political parties and has accommodated the veto positions, which has reduced the negotiation and the possibilities of agreement.
Circunscripciones de baja magnitud y proporcionalidad en Europa: una panorámica selectiva
Authors: Garrote de Marcos María
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo describe los sistemas electorales de Irlanda, Suiza y Portugal. Estos tres países, al igual que España, comparten la utilización de circunscripciones reducidas en el marco de un sistema electoral proporcional. Sin embargo, cada uno emplea una modalidad de voto diferente, circunstancia que ayuda a comprender la importancia de este elemento en el funcionamiento de los sistemas electorales. El análisis del marco legal, su evolución y los rendimientos políticos nos ofrece una valiosa información sobre modelos electorales distintos que pueden servir de referencia para valorar algunos aspectos problemáticos del sistema electoral español.This paper describes the electoral systems of Ireland, Switzerland and Portugal. These three countries, like Spain, share the use of low magnitude constituencies within the framework of a proportional electoral system. However, each uses a different ballot structure, a circumstance that helps to understand the relevance of this element in the functioning of electoral systems. The analysis of the legal framework, its evolution and political performance offers us valuable information on different electoral models which can serve as a reference to assess some problematic aspects of the Spanish electoral system.
Amusium cristatum shell beds in the lower Pliocene deposits of Almería-Níjar Basin (SE Spain)
Authors: Aguirre Julio
Published: April 2020

Densely packed monospecific-paucispecific Amusium cristatum-dominated shell beds are signifi cant features in the lower Pliocene deposits of the Almería-Níjar Basin (SE Spain), embedded in distal prodelta fi ne-grained sand and silt. The shells in these concentrations are exceptionally well preserved: articulation is relatively high, fragmentation is low, abrasion is almost lacking, and many shells preserve the original colour pattern. These taphonomic signatures suggest in situ deposition forming autochthonous fossil assemblages, i.e. biological concentrations. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages found in the prodelta deposits indicate that they formed in mesotrophic mid-shelf settings.The A. cristatum accumulations show similarities withrecent concentrations of A. balloti from the Shark Bay (NW Australia). The latter species form dense populations in restricted positions of the bay from 10 to 75 m depth. The lowermost depth range of A. balloti is similar to the palaeobathymetry inferred for the A. cristatum beds. Furthermore, the shell beds studied occur in the centre of a relatively enclosed palaeobay. Apart from these coincidences, the proximate ecological causes accounting for the recent concentrations of A. balloti are still obscure. Thus, no straightforward actualistic comparison explains the biological origin of the A. cristatum shell beds. Based on benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the prodelta deposits, A. cristatum concentrations are most likely related to intermittent nutrient and food-particle supply from several deltas feeding the palaeobay. The advance of the deltas to the centre of the basin guaranteed rapid burial and the excellent preservation of the shells.
Bailiaspis (Trilobita) with English affinities from the Mansilla Formation (Cambrian Series 3 of the Iberian Chains; NE Spain)
Authors: Chirivella Martorell Juan B , Liñán Eladio , Dies Álvarez Mª Eugenia , Gozalo Rodolfo
Published: April 2020

A new study of the trilobite record in the Mansilla Formation (Iberian Chains, NE Spain) has led to the discovery of the presence of Bailiaspis aff. tuberculata, B. cf. tuberculata and Bailiaspis sp., the first certain citation of this genus in the Mediterranean subprovince. The age of the findings extends from Eccaparadoxides asturianus Zone (upper Leonian) to the lowermost Badulesia tenera Zone (lower Caesaraugustan), which correspond to the upper part of Stage 5 of Cambrian Series 3 and, probably, the lowermost Drumian. The specimens show the cranidial anterior border expanding backwards, forming a plectrum that is characteristic of Bailiaspis. The main characters of the three taxa include: a low convexity of the cranidium, with a very short or absent preglabellar field, and a cranidial sculpture with numerous densely-packed coarse tubercles. The only species that shows these diagnostic characters is Bailiaspis tuberculata from the middle Cambrian of England (Nuneaton, Warwickshire) in horizons inconclusively dated as the Ptychagnostus gibbus Zone (Cambrian Stage 5). This zone has been previously correlated with the upper Leonian and lower Caesaraugustan; thus, the British and Spanish materials are probably of similar age.
Architectural effects on fossil preservation. The case of macaroni coralline algae
Authors: Braga Juan C , Sola Fernando
Published: April 2020

Coralline red algae with protuberances in their thalli are common and instructive examples of fabricational effects on fossil preservation. The body (thallus) of non-geniculate coralline algae is a coherent mass of cell filaments. All vegetative cells, except the epithallial ones at the tip of each filament are enclosed by a high-Mg calcite wall. Many extant and extinct species of coralline algae have protuberances in their thalli. Protuberances appear both on the dorsal surface of algae that grow attached to a rigid substrate and in unattached specimens living on loose sediment. In either case, protuberances develop due to a higher growth rate of fi laments in their centre. In each growth step, the cells formed at the protuberance apex are longer than coeval cells at the protuberance sides. The cell length decreases radially outwards from the protuberance tip. Consequently, central cells in protuberances are generally longer than lateral ones. Calcite walls of central, longer cells are thinner, less dense, and richer in Mg2+ than those of lateral cells. Accordingly, the former are more susceptible to dissolution during fossilization. As a result, dead and fossil coralline algae with protuberance centres partially or totally dissolved are relatively common. In these cases, protuberances occur as structures with an empty or vuggy central part and well-preserved sides. This macaroni-like preservation of corallines is particularly common in Cenozoic marl deposits, formed mainly by concentrations of unattached branching coralline thalli.
Periostracum and fibrous shell microstructure in the unusual Cambrian hyolith Cupitheca
Authors: Vendrasco Michael J , Checa Antonio G , Porter Susannah M
Published: April 2020

Cupitheca is an enigmatic tubular fossil common in early Cambrian deposits worldwide. It has recently been argued to be a hyolith, probably orthothecid. Cupitheca had a dense network of mantle-filled tubules that connected to what we interpret as a continuous organic periostracum. The innermost shell layer consists of horizontal or slightly inclined bundles of fibres elongated along the a-axis and offset from other bundles at aragonitic twin angles, confirming aragonite as the original mineralogy for the shell of Cupitheca. This is a similar Shell microstructure to that inferred for Cambrian hyoliths, strengthening the claim that Cupitheca is a hyolith. This shell microstructure of bundled aragonite fibres and the tubule systems can also be seen in many Cambrian molluscs and other lophotrochozoans. In some lineages this shell texture evolved into fracture-resistant crossed lamellar microstructure and in others nacre. These transitions began to occur sometime between the mid-Cambrian and Ordovician, and nacre and crossed lamellar microstructure were the most common constituents of the inner shell layer of molluscs by the middle or late Palaeozoic Era.
Paroniceras, Frechiella y Oxyparoniceras (Ammonitida) en relación con las fluctuaciones térmicas y los ciclos transgresivo-regresivos detectados en el Toarciense de España
Authors: Martínez Gemma
Published: April 2020

El registro de las especies de Frechiella Prinz, 1904, Paroniceras Bonarelli, 1893 y Oxyparoniceras Guex, 1974 durante el Toarciense en el E y N de España, se ha relacionado con la evolución paleogeográfica y los ciclos deposicionales reconocidos en la Cordillera Ibérica. Sin embargo, es más evidente su relación con los intervalos de calentamiento relativo y picos térmicos, indicados por distintos autores en el Toarciense del norte y de la parte centro-oriental de la Subplaca Ibérica. Frechiella se ha registrado en la Zona Bifrons, Paroniceras en la Zona Variabilis y Oxyparoniceras en la parte superior de la Zona Thouarsense y parte inferior de la Zona Dispansum. La relación entre el registro de dichos géneros y las paleotemperaturas, parece indicar que sus especies se han desarrollado en medios cálidos y su presencia en las Cordilleras Ibérica y Cantábrica se debe a una migración desde otras áreas, sin que en todos los casos esto implique una colonización efectiva
Pseudolillia Maubeuge, 1949 (Ammonitida, Hildoceratidae) in the Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) of the NE Spain
Authors: Maratilla-García Miguel , Goy Antonio , Comas-Rengifo María José
Published: April 2020

In the present paper, 147 specimens assigned to the genus Pseudolillia Maubeuge, 1949 are studied. This is a considerably high number of samples in comparison with those known in other geographical areas where they have been cited. The six taxa described, P. murvillensis, P. hispanica, P. emiliana, P. donovani, Pseudolillia? n. sp. and Pseudolillia ? sp., come from 22 sites in the Cantabrian and Iberian Ranges and the Isle of Majorca. Their presence in expanded sections enabled us to situate the stratigraphic position of the genus between the upper part of the Thouarsense Chronozone (Fallaciosum Subchronozone) to the Dispansum Chronozone (Gruneri Subchronozone), with maximum abundance found in the Dispansum Chronozone (Insigne Subchronozone). The known palaeobiogeographic range of Pseudolillia is limited to the NW-European Province and to the W of the Tethys, and with the exception of P. emiliana, the species’ distribution ranges are short. In NE Spain, where the highest number of known specimens comes from, P. donovani (typical of the Mediterranean province) is the species presenting the oldest record (Chronozone Thouarsense, Subchronozone Fallaciosum), although it did not necessarily live and reproduce in very nearby areas. P. murvillensis (typical of the NW-European Province), was found in the Chronozone Dispansum (Subchronozone Insigne) together with P. emiliana and P. hispanica in the eastern Pyrenees and particularly in the central sector of the Iberian Range.
Revisión taxonómica de “Testudo” gymnesica Bate, 1914 (Testudines, Testudinidae) a partir de la descripción del material tipo de Menorca (Islas Baleares)
Authors: Luján Ángel H , Alcover Josep Antoni , Ivanov Martin , Torres Enric , Alba David M
Published: April 2020

El conocimiento sobre las tortugas gigantes fósiles de Europa se ha incrementado considerablemente en los últimos años y ha comportado la descripción del género Titanochelon para incluir a las especies del Neógeno europeo. Sin embargo, la inclusión de la tortuga gigante de las Islas Baleares, “Testudo” gymnesica, en este género se ha llevado a cabo solo de forma tentativa. Con el objetivo de aclarar el estatus taxonómico y la posición filogenética de esta especie, en este artículo describimos y figuramos en detalle su material tipo (lectotipo y paralectotipos), procedente de Menorca, junto con algunos restos inéditos no incluidos en la descripción original. Las notables diferencias postcraneales que presenta esta especie con respecto a Titanochelon spp. arrojan aún mayores dudas sobre su inclusión en este género. Un análisis cladístico no resuelve sus relaciones filogenéticas. Algunos de los rasgos particulares observados en el espaldar y en los huesos del esqueleto postcraneal de la tortuga fósil de Menorca son atribuibles a su evolución en condiciones de insularidad, lo que dificulta la determinación de sus relaciones filogenéticas con respecto a las especies continentales. Provisionalmente nos referimos a la especie de manera tentativa como aff. Titanochelon gymnesica. En el futuro, un estudio detallado del material inédito de Menorca, con énfasis en el caparazón, debería permitir una diagnosis enmendada de la especie, así como determinar de manera más definitiva su correcta adscripción genérica.
Characterization of coelacanth scales from the Early Cretaceous freshwater locality of Las Hoyas, upper Barremian (Cuenca, Spain)
Authors: Martín-Abad Hugo , Newbrey Michael G , Woolfolk Frances , Blanco-Moreno Candela
Published: April 2020

Coelacanths are rare, mostly marine fishes, but the species from the Lower Cretaceous Spanish locality of Las Hoyas (Barremian) is a freshwater form and we know almost nothing about it. The Las Hoyas specimens are very rare and relatively incomplete, but there are still many things we can learn from the isolated skeletons and scales. First, the coelacanth scales were distinguished from other superficially similar scales (i.e., other “amioid” scales). Coelacanth scales are distinguished by the presence of a smooth central surface, a particular pattern of arrangement of concentric growth cessation marks, and mainly a relatively short posterior field with thick elongated ridges. Only a few articulated coelacanth specimens have been recovered from Las Hoyas to date, and only 7.3% (n = 11) of the total isolated scales are coelacanth. The Las Hoyas coelacanth scales represent relatively large individuals. This suggests that a natural population of the coelacanth may have not inhabited permanently the freshwater pool represented by the excavated area of Las Hoyas because small juveniles should be the most common sizes.
El anélido Rotularia spirulaea (Lamarck, 1818) (Polychaeta, Serpulidae) de las margas del Eoceno de la Cuenca de Pamplona (Navarra): microestructura, tafonomía y paleoecología
Authors: Elorza Javier , Astibia Humberto
Published: April 2020

En este trabajo se reconoce la presencia de numerosos fósilesdel anélido serpúlido Rotularia  spirulaea (Lamarck, 1818) en las formaciones Areniscas de Ardanatz y Margas de Ilundain del Eoceno (Bartoniense y (?) Priaboniense) de la Cuenca de Pamplona (Navarra). Se estudian las diferentes capas de la microestructura prismática calcítica de su tubo. El tubo está constituido por una capa externa (1) gruesa, compuesta por tres zonas en continuidad entre ellas y otra capa
interna (2), de una extrema delgadez y siempre delimitando el lumen. R. spirulaea muestra una notable plasticidad ecofenotípica. La morfología trocoespiral, trocoespiralplaniespiral o planiespiral de los ejemplares podría estar relacionada con las características del sustrato –sin cohesión, medianamente cohesionado o cohesionado, respectivamente–, que condicionarían la capacidad de soportar al organismo durante su ontogenia. La disposición del tubo de R. spirulaea
durante el estadio trocoespiral sería recostada. Superada esta etapa, podía pasar a una forma planiespiral, con la formación de una carena o quilla estabilizadora hasta adquirir, de forma gradual, una posición vertical dentro del sustrato fangoso. Es a partir de este estadio, cuando se formaría la parte desenrollada del tubo que, a modo de chimenea, sobresaldría parcialmente del sedimento. La cavidad del tubo (lumen) habitualmente está rellenada por sedimento y/o cementada por cristales de calcita con tres etapas reconocibles y con ejemplos de texturas geopetales, que vendrían a apoyar la idea de una posición de vida vertical en la madurez de los individuos
Optimization of Interface Elements Order in Virtual Reality (Virtual Reconstruction of Bely Gorod Historical Relief)
Authors: Lemak Stepan , Chertopolokhov Viktor , Kruchinina Anna , Belousova Margarita , Borodkin Leonid , Mironenko Maxim
Published: April 2020

The article sets a problem focusing on how to optimize the order of 3D user interface for virtual reconstruction of Moscow historical center landscape in the 16th-18th centuries. To work with the interface a virtual reality headset, a motion tracking system and an eye-tracker were integrated. Spatial representation of the historical reconstruction is accompanied by a specialized interface that allows one to access the source database. The authors introduce a criterion that provides for estimating the optimum order of interface elements in the virtual space. The problem is handled in case there are unknown factors such as the size of user's hands, deviations in the position of an interactive object and restrictions related to the disposition of interface elements. The article sets the general problem and solves some internal problems related to the construction of acceptable multiple dispositions of interface elements and the modeling of eyesight movement from one interface element to another. The article is the first to suggest an algorithm to numerically optimize the interface in 3D virtual space modeling the relief and historical buildings in the center of Moscow. It provides for user’s movement and gives access to historical sources which are the basis for virtual reconstruction of the heritage understudy.
A Database Built on the First 1897 Russian Empire Population Census Data: Structure and Analysis
Authors: Bryukhanova Elena Aleksandrovna , Nezhentseva Natalia Vladimirovna , Chekryzhova Oksana Ivanovna , Ivanov Dmitrii Nikolaevich
Published: April 2020

The article presents the potential use of primary materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire taken in 1897 for historical studies. Emphasis is laid on the composition and the structure of 1897 census materials, the database architecture as well as the technique to study nominative sources and compare aggregated and personal data. In the first part of the article the authors provide an overview of publications that contain information on the safety of 1897 census papers in Siberia. The second part of the article describes the creation and the structure of the database covering the primary materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire taken in 1897. The third part of the article presents the main approaches to the analysis of the census data. When developing the database, the authors sought to cover the information of all census paper forms at most and preserve internal ties between them (counting sheets – “oblozhki” - census papers). Particular attention is paid to the development of an intuitive interface for all forms of data entry corresponding to census paper forms. The database mainly covers the census information for 8 cities of Tobolskaya Guberniya. The research novelty is the application of a new technique to identify personal data and analyze the census material structure which can be traced in the architecture of the 1897 census database.
Helsinki Stock Exchange Index during World War One: Statistical Test of Hypotheses on the Basis of Counter-Factual Modeling
Authors: Anisimova Daria
Published: April 2020

The article proposes an improved model of St. Petersburg Stock Exchange index dynamics and constructs a similar model of Helsinki Stock Exchange index on the basis of published results of a counterfactual model predicting the hypothetical dynamics of St. Petersburg Stock Exchange index after July 1914 under the assumption that there is no war. The author hypothesizes that internal economic factors that determined the downward trend of St. Petersburg Stock Exchange index also influenced the dynamics of Helsinki Stock Exchange index under the assumption that there was no war. To test this hypothesis the author has constructed (in the R software environment) the ARIMA statistical model that is an integrated autoregressive-moving average model which extends the ARMA model for non-stationary time series. The constructed counterfactual models proved that while the influence of pre-war factors remained, the dynamics of both indices did not show similar trends thus suggesting that the Finnish stock market was developing without any noticeable look at St. Petersburg Stock Exchange and inner economic factors of the Russian Empire.
Mango peel ingredient as salt and phosphate replacement in chicken breast marinade
Authors: Roidoung Sunisa , Ponta Napatsawan , Intisan Ruttapong
Published: April 2020

Whole mango peel powder and fibre extracted from mango peel were investigated as potential ingredients to replace salt and phosphate in chicken marinade. Whole mango peel powder possessed higher water absorption capacity than mango peel fibre, 4.57% and 1.47%, respectively (P < 0.05). Similar oil absorption capacity was observed in both mango peel ingredients (P > 0.05). Purified pectin and sorbitol syrup were also used to compare the water holding capacity in marinated chicken breasts. Mango peel ingredients exhibited less cooking loss than pectin and sorbitol syrup, however, higher cooking loss than sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and NaCl (P > 0.05). Marinating with mango peel ingredients significantly increased a* value of chicken breasts after cooking, while L* and b* values were similar in marinating with NaCl (P > 0.05). Hardness of frozen fully cooked chicken breast was measured after thawing. The lowest shear force of 7.13 N was observed in chicken breasts marinated with mango peel fibre (P < 0.05), while the hardness of chicken breasts marinated with whole mango peel powder was not significant different from STPP and NaCl treatments. Results from this study revealed a potential approach of utilizing fruit waste as an ingredient to substitute phosphate and salt in chicken marinade.
Intraspecific variation in the cochleae of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) and its implications for comparative studies across odontocetes
Authors: Martins Maria Clara Iruzun , Park Travis , Racicot Rachel , Cooper Natalie
Published: April 2020

In morphological traits, variation within species is generally considered to be lower than variation among species, although this assumption is rarely tested. This is particularly important in fields like palaeontology, where it is common to use a single individual as representative of a species due to the rarity of fossils. Here, we investigated intraspecific variation in the cochleae of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Interspecific variation of cochlear morphology is well characterised among odontocetes (toothed whales) because of the importance of the structure in echolocation, but generally these studies use only a single cochlea to represent each species. In this study we compare variation within the cochleae of 18 specimens of P. phocoena with variations in cochlear morphology across 51 other odontocete species. Using both 3D landmark and linear measurement data, we performed Generalised Procrustes and principal component analyses to quantify shape variation. We then quantified intraspecific variation in our sample of P. phocoena by estimating disparity and the coefficient of variation for our 3D and linear data respectively. Finally, to determine whether intraspecific variation may confound the results of studies of interspecific variation, we used multivariate and univariate analyses of variance to test whether variation within the specimens of P. phocoena was significantly lower than that across odontocetes. We found low levels of intraspecific variation in the cochleae of P. phocoena, and that cochlear shape within P. phocoena was significantly less variable than across odontocetes. Although future studies should attempt to use multiple cochleae for every species, our results suggest that using just one cochlea for each species should not strongly influence the conclusions of comparative studies if our results are consistent across Cetacea.
Response of organic carbon mineralization and bacterial communities to soft rock additions in sandy soils
Authors: Guo Zhen , Han Jichang , Li Juan
Published: April 2020

Bacteria play a vital role in biotransformation of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, mechanisms of bacterium and organic carbon mineralization remain unclear during improvement of sandy soil using soft rock additions. In this study, four treatments with differing ratios of soft rock to sand of 0:1 (CK), 1:5 (C1), 1:2 (C2) and 1:1 (C3) were selected for mineralization incubation and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that SOC, total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), nitrate nitrogen (NO${}_{3}^{-}$-N), and mass water content (WC) of sandy soil increased significantly after addition of soft rock (P < 0.05). Compared with the CK treatment, cumulative mineralization and potential mineralized organic carbon content of C1, C2 and C3 increased by 71.79%–183.86% and 71.08%–173.33%. The cumulative mineralization rates of organic carbon treated with C1 and C2 were lower, 16.96% and 17.78%, respectively (P > 0.05). The three dominant bacteria were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi, among which Proteobacteria was negatively correlated with mineralization of organic carbon (P < 0.01). The mineralization rate constant (k) was positively correlated and negatively correlated with Cyanobacteria and Nitrospirae, respectively. Under C2 treatment, Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae had the largest increase, and Cyanobacteria had the largest decrease. Compared with other treatments, C2 treatment significantly increased bacterial diversity index, richness index and evenness index, and the richness index had a negative correlation with k value. In conclusion, when the ratio of soft rock to sand was 1:2, the k of SOC could be reduced. In addition, the retention time of SOC can be increased, and resulting carbon fixation was improved.
In silico Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in INHA Gene of Sheep and Goats
Authors: Fatai Rasheed B. , Akinyemi Mabel O. , Osaiyuwu Osamede H.
Published: April 2020

Inhibin A (INHA) a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family has been implicated in the negative feedback control mechanism of the pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Inhibin has been reported to be associated with litter size, milk yield, fertility and reproductive traits in ruminants.

A total of ten amino acid sequences (four sheep and six goats) were downloaded from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp). The amino acid sequence alignment was carried out using ClustalW algorithm of Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis software version 6.0. The functional effects of eighteen (18) amino acid substitutions of INHA gene in each of sheep and goats were predicted computationally using Polyphen-2, PROVEAN and SIFT algorithms while INHA gene functions and interactions with associated genes were investigated using GeneMANIA. Variants that were consensually predicted to be deleterious by the three algorithms utilised were referred to as ‘Cmutant’ and ‘Dmutant’ in sheep and goats, respectively. The MutPred was further used to determine the tolerance degree for each amino acid substitution of both the ‘Cmutant’ and ‘Dmutant’.

GeneMANIA revealed 20 genes that co-localised, co-expressed with, play functionally similar role or has physical or genetic interaction with INHA gene. Out of the studied eighteen (18) amino acid substitutions; there was a consensus by SIFT, PROVEAN and PolyPhen-2 algorithms in the prediction of variants C99R, C264D, L237T and F14C as being deleterious in sheep and variants D77F, L190K, R223D, L240N, C322T and P326C in goats. In goats, MutPred revealed that variants R223D and D77F were not harmful while, L190K, R223D, L240N and P326C mutations were observed to be highly harmful. In sheep, the ‘Dmutants’ (C99R, C264D, F14C and L237T) were predicted to be highly harmful. The obtained findings would be useful in planning research aiming at exploring the association between INHA gene variants and economically important traits of small ruminants.
A Study on Level of Competency of Rural Women for Professional Homemaking
Authors: Dutta Deekshita
Published: April 2020

Aims of the Study: To study the background characteristics of the rural women and to determine their level of competency in various homemaking activities.

Study Design: Descriptive research design.

Place and Duration of Study: Place- Jorhat and Lakhimpur districts, Assam, India between January, 2018 to July, 2018.

Methodology: The rural women who were between the age of 18-45 years, members of at least one organization and below poverty line were selected randomly as respondents from the two sample districts. An interview schedule was prepared in order to collect data. The statistical tests and techniques used in the study for analysis of data were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation (SD).

Results: The findings of the study reveal that majority of the respondents (40%) included in the study were of lower middle age group (27-35 years), of OBC caste (52%), hindu (90%) and married (96%), had nuclear families (62%) with small family sizes (51%). Majority of the respondents (21%) were of middle school level, followed by high school level (18%). Most of the respondents (64%) had farming as their occupation, followed by the daily wage earners (28%), with moderate annual income (31%) followed by high annual income (27%). A large majority (72%) of the respondents did not have any subsidiary income for their families. Large majority of the respondents (86%) had no experience of homemaking at others’ house. Also, the data found revealed that majority of the respondents (74%) were found to be somewhat able to carry out the different categories of homemaking activities, followed by 17 per cent that were not able and 9 per cent of the respondents were fully able to carry out different categories of homemaking activities as perceived by them.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Urolithiasis in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Eissa Ghazal Elsayed , Al-Shahawy Azza Kamal , Darwish Amira Hamed , El-Aziz El-Gamasy Mohamed Abd
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP)is due to damage occurring to the developing brain. This damage can occur during pregnancy, delivery, the first month of life, or less commonly in early childhood. Cerebral palsy is one of the most common causes of physical disability in childhood. Rates of cerebral palsy appear to be similar in both the developing and developed world.  The overall CP morbidity rate will automatically increase unless a substantially improved outcome in survivors can be achieved. Children with CP are predisposed to many complications including renal stones.

Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was detection of prevalence and risk factors of urolithiasis in children with cerebral palsy.

Subjects and Methods: This cross sectional case control study was conducted on forty children suffering from cerebral palsy who were attending the Pediatric Neurology Unit of Tanta University Hospital through the period from March 2018 to March 2019. Forty age and sex matched children were taken as a control group.

Inclusion Criteria: Children suffering from different types of cerebral palsy at any age.

Exclusion Criteria: Children whose parents refuse to participate in the study, children receiving drugs that can cause renal stones.

A- Hematological Investigations:  Total serum calcium, serum uric acid, serum creatinine.

B- Urinary: Complete urine analysis, urine culture,and urinary chemistry.

C - Imaging Study: Plain X-ray of abdomen.  Pelvic and renal ultrasonography.

Results: Renal stone were detected in 12.5% of children with CP. Urinary tract infection, immobilization, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and hyperuricemia were the risk factors detected in this study.

Conclusion:Children with CP are liable to develop renal stones more than normal children.
Evaluation of Irrigation Quality of Groundwater in Wamba Sheet 210, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Solomon Abiye Olatunji , Agada Idoko Sunday , Piwuna Raulatu Munidang , Imagbe Lucky Osaro , Aga Tersoo , Chup Alexander Sunday , Dalyop Pam Jugu
Published: April 2020

An evaluation of irrigation quality of groundwater from shallow aquifers within Wamba Sheet 210 in Nasarawa State, North Central Nigeria was carried out. The area is located between Latitudes 8°30’N and 9°00’N, and Longitudes 8°30’E and 9°00’E, covering about 3,025 Km2. It is underlain by rocks belonging to the Basement Complex, the Younger Granites, and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. The results of field tests and laboratory analysis were used in assessing the suitability of groundwater found in the area for irrigation. Values obtained for Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR) and Kellys Ratio (KR) were 0.97 - 3.43, 8.18 - 81.76%, 8.03 - 80.22 and 0.04 - 3.43 respectively. These indices are largely within the safe limits for irrigation with very little likelihood that salinity hazards will develop.
Effect of Topical Proparacaine 0.5% on Tropicamide- Induced Mydriasis
Authors: Singh Punit Kumar , Singh Ananya
Published: April 2020

Purpose: The topical anesthetic proparacaine (0.5%) is recommended to enhance the rate and magnitude of pupillary dilatation if it is instilled before mydriatic tropicamide. However there is scarcity of data supporting this. Therefore we conducted a study to analyze if preinstillation of topical proparacaine (0.5%) can potentiate the mydriatic efficacy of 0.8% tropicamide.

Methods: The patients were divided into two groups for pupillary dilatation. The study group was given a drop 0.5% proparacaine before instilling one drop of tropicamide while the control group was given the tropicamide alone. The pupillary size was measured and recorded before the instillation of tropicamide at 0 min, 15 min, 30 min. The end point was taken as 6 mm pupillary size (clinically effective diameter).

Results: There was a statistically significant difference in rate of pupillary diameter between the control and the study group. The rate of pupillary dilatation at 15min and 30 min was statistically significantly different between the control and study group.

Conclusion: The study concluded that prior instillation of topical proparacaine produced a statistically significant difference in the rate of pupillary dilatation at 30 mins. Therefore, we suggest the use of a topical anesthetic before tropicamide induced mydriasis.