bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melatonin Receptor Agonists for Delirium Prevention
Authors: Walker Cheri K. , Gales Mark A.
Published: August 2016

Objective: To review the prospective controlled trials available for the use of melatonin receptor agonists for delirium prevention. Data Sources: A MEDLINE literature search (1946 to July 2016) was conducted using the search terms delirium, melatonin, ramelteon, tryptophan, and melatonin-receptor agonist. Prospective controlled clinical trials with delirium prevention as an outcome were included. The references of identified articles were reviewed to identify other relevant articles. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Controlled clinical trials in humans, limited to the English language, were reviewed. Five randomized and 1 nonrandomized prospective controlled clinical trial exploring the use of melatonin receptor agonists for delirium prevention were evaluated. Data Synthesis: Melatonin agonist therapy for delirium prevention has produced conflicting results in clinical trials. Delirium incidence ranged from no change to significant reductions of approximately 12% to 30%. Four trials were conducted with melatonin as the investigated agent, 1 with l-tryptophan, and 1 with ramelteon. The study setting also varied, with 4 trials being conducted in surgical patients and 2 trials in medical patients. Melatonin provided conflicting results, with 3 trials showing decreased delirium incidence and the largest randomized controlled trial showing no benefit. No benefit was found using l-tryptophan in delirium prevention. The single, small ramelteon trial showed decreased delirium incidence. Safety evaluations during trials were limited. Three trials found adverse effects similar to placebo, whereas the remaining 3 trials did not evaluate adverse effects. Conclusions: The routine use of melatonin receptor agonists for delirium prevention cannot be recommended at this time.
Can Sport Really Help to Meet the Millennium Development Goals? Evidence From Children in Peru
Authors: Pawlowski Tim , Schüttoff Ute , Downward Paul , Lechner Michael
Published: August 2016

In contrast to the popular policy claim that sport might serve as vehicle to meet the Millennium Development Goals, empirical evidence based on large-scale survey data is largely missing. We use panel data based on a cohort of children and employ propensity score matching to identify the effects of sports participation on child development in Peru. Our findings suggest that participation in a sports group has positive impacts on subjective health and a measure of social capital. However, and in contrast to developed countries, we find no statistically significant effects on well-being and human capital formation.
Depression and Mobility Among Older Adults in Mexico
Authors: Picazzo-Palencia Esteban
Published: August 2016

Introduction:

Depression among older people can be associated with limitations in physical mobility.

Method:

The ENSANUT 2012 data set was used. A secondary data analysis was conducted on a total sample of 6,525 Mexicans 60 years and older.

Results:

Findings indicate that depressive symptoms among older people derive from their limitations in mobility rather than from their age.

Conclusion:

In Mexico, the prevalence of major depressive disorders is higher among older adults than among the rest of the adults. Hence, as the prevalence of this problem grows, the need for appropriate mental health attention will increase in Mexico.
Inner strength in women with chronic illness
Authors: Jenkinson Amanda , Cantrell Mary A
Published: August 2016

Objectives

This literature review summarizes research relevant to the meaning of inner strength in females living with a chronic illness. This review also examined studies that have used The Inner Strength Questionnaire to examine inner strength among chronically ill females.

Methods

Using the search terms inner strength and women, CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest Nursing databases were searched for the years 1990–2016. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria.

Results

Inner strength in women is a mental health construct that women can encompass to positively affect their quality of life while living through challenging life events. The Theory of Inner Strength appears to be a useful a framework for understanding how physical, psychological, and spiritual health can promote well-being, quality of life, and spirituality in women.

Discussion

The limited number of studies identified suggests the need for further investigations to explore the relationship between inner strength and quality of life among females living with chronic health conditions. The Inner Strength Questionnaire is a unique tool with adequate psychometric properties to measure inner strength in chronically ill women that includes a holistic assessment of living with a chronic illness that encompasses women’ social, physical, emotional, and spiritual needs.
Encouraging Inclusiveness in Doing Sociology
Authors: Kettlitz Robert E.
Published: August 2016

Presidential Address at the Association for Applied and Clinical Sociology Annual meeting in Pittsburgh, PA, October 11, 2014.

The following address provides my thoughts about how the discipline of sociology could enhance it effectiveness as an agent of positive social change while simultanously increasing its professional legitimacy.
Children as relatives to a sick parent: Healthcare professionals’ approaches
Authors: Knutsson Susanne , Enskär Karin , Andersson-Gäre Boel , Golsäter Marie
Published: August 2016

An illness or injury sustained by a family member affects all family members. It is consequently important that a child’s need to be involved in a family member’s care is clearly recognized by healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to describe healthcare professionals’ approaches to children as relatives of a parent being cared for in a clinical setting. A web-based study-specific questionnaire was sent and responded to by 1052 healthcare professionals in Sweden. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis. The results show that guidelines and routines are often lacking regarding involving children in the care of a parent. Compared to other areas, psychiatric units seem to have enacted routines and guidelines to a greater extent than other units. The results indicate that structured approaches based on an awareness of the children’s needs as well as a child-friendly environment are vital in family-focused care. These aspects need to be prioritized by managers in order to support children’s needs and promote health and wellbeing for the whole family.
Anthropometrics, Physical Performance, and Injury Characteristics of Youth American Football
Authors: Caswell Shane V. , Ausborn Ashley , Diao Guoqing , Johnson David C. , Johnson Timothy S. , Atkins Rickie , Ambegaonkar Jatin P. , Cortes Nelson
Published: August 2016

Background:

Prior research has described the anthropometric and physical performance characteristics of professional, collegiate, and high school American football players. Yet, little research has described these factors in American youth football and their potential relationship with injury.

Purpose:

To characterize anthropometric and physical performance measures, describe the epidemiology of injury, and examine the association of physical performance measures with injury among children participating within age-based divisions of a large metropolitan American youth football league.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Demographic, anthropometric, and physical performance characteristics and injuries of 819 male children were collected over a 2-year period (2011-2012). Injury data were collected by the league athletic trainer (AT) and coaches. Descriptive analysis of demographic, anthropometric, and physical performance measures (40-yard sprint, pro-agility, push-ups, and vertical jump) were conducted. Incidence rates were computed for all reported injuries; rates were calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify whether the categories of no injury, no-time-loss (NTL) injury, and time-loss (TL) injury were associated with physical performance measures.

Results:

Of the 819 original participants, 760 (92.8%) completed preseason anthropometric measures (mean ± SD: age, 11.8 ± 1.2 years; height, 157.4 ± 10.7 cm; weight, 48.7 ± 13.3 kg; experience, 2.0 ± 1.8 years); 640 (78.1%) players completed physical performance measures. The mean (±SD) 40-yard sprint and pro-agility measures of the players were 6.5 ± 0.6 and 5.7 ± 0.5 seconds, respectively; the number of push-ups and maximal vertical jump height were 16.5 ± 9.3 repetitions and 42.3 ± 8.4 cm, respectively. Players assigned to different teams within age divisions demonstrated no differences in anthropometric measures; 40-yard dash and pro-agility times differed significantly ( P < .05) between players assigned to different teams. A total of 261 NTL and TL injuries were reported during 35,957 AEs (games: 22%, n = 7982 AEs; practices: 78%, n = 27,975 AEs). The overall incidence rate was 7.26 per 1000 AEs (95% CI, 6.37-8.14). Physical performance measures did not predict NTL or TL injuries ( P > .05).

Conclusion:

No practically meaningful differences existed in anthropometric or physical performance measures between teams within age-based levels of play. Findings suggest that age-only criterion for player groupings can evenly match in terms of physical performance.
Telomere-related lung fibrosis is diagnostically heterogeneous but uniformly progressive
Authors: Newton Chad A. , Batra Kiran , Torrealba Jose , Kozlitina Julia , Glazer Craig S. , Aravena Carlos , Meyer Keith , Raghu Ganesh , Collard Harold R. , Garcia Christine Kim
Published: August 2016

Heterozygous mutations in four telomere-related genes have been linked to pulmonary fibrosis, but little is known about similarities or differences of affected individuals.

115 patients with mutations in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) (n=75), telomerase RNA component (TERC) (n=7), regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 (RTEL1) (n=14) and poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) (n=19) were identified and clinical data were analysed.

Approximately one-half (46%) had a multidisciplinary diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); others had unclassifiable lung fibrosis (20%), chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (12%), pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (10%), interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (7%), an idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (4%) and connective tissue disease-related interstitial fibrosis (3%). Discordant interstitial lung disease diagnoses were found in affected individuals from 80% of families. Patients withTERCmutations were diagnosed at an earlier age than those withPARNmutations (51±11 yearsversus64±8 years; p=0.03) and had a higher incidence of haematological comorbidities. The mean rate of forced vital capacity decline was 300 mL·year−1and the median time to death or transplant was 2.87 years. There was no significant difference in time to death or transplant for patients across gene mutation groups or for patients with a diagnosis of IPFversusa non-IPF diagnosis.

Genetic mutations in telomere related genes lead to a variety of interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnoses that are universally progressive.
Increasing URM Undergraduate Student Success through Assessment-Driven Interventions: A Multiyear Study Using Freshman-Level General Biology as a Model System
Authors: Carmichael Mary C. , St. Clair Candace , Edwards Andrea M. , Barrett Peter , McFerrin Harris , Davenport Ian , Awad Mohamed , Kundu Anup , Ireland Shubha Kale
Published: August 2016

Xavier University of Louisiana leads the nation in awarding BS degrees in the biological sciences to African-American students. In this multiyear study with ∼5500 participants, data-driven interventions were adopted to improve student academic performance in a freshman-level general biology course. The three hour-long exams were common and administered concurrently to all students. New exam questions were developed using Bloom’s taxonomy, and exam results were analyzed statistically with validated assessment tools. All but the comprehensive final exam were returned to students for self-evaluation and remediation. Among other approaches, course rigor was monitored by using an identical set of 60 questions on the final exam across 10 semesters. Analysis of the identical sets of 60 final exam questions revealed that overall averages increased from 72.9% (2010) to 83.5% (2015). Regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between high-risk students and their averages on the 60 questions. Additional analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvements for at least one letter grade from midterm to final and a 20% increase in the course pass rates over time, also for the high-risk population. These results support the hypothesis that our data-driven interventions and assessment techniques are successful in improving student retention, particularly for our academically at-risk students.
The Effects of Vasopressin and Oxytocin on the Fetoplacental Distal Stem Arteriolar Vascular Resistance of the Dual-Perfused, Single, Isolated, Human Placental Cotyledon
Authors: Downing John W. , Baysinger Curtis L. , Johnson Raymond F. , Paschall Ray L. , Shotwell Matthew S.
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND:

Vasoactive agents administered to counter maternal hypotension at cesarean delivery may theoretically intensify the hypoxemic fetoplacental vasoconstrictor response and, hence, negatively impact transplacental oxygen delivery to the fetus. Yet, this aspect of their pharmacodynamic profiles is seldom mentioned, let alone investigated. We hypothesized that vasopressin, a potent systemic vasoconstrictor, and oxytocin, a uterotonic agent administered routinely at cesarean delivery, which, in contrast to vasopressin, possesses significant systemic vasodilator properties, would not influence distal stem villous arteriolar resistance.

METHODS:

The dual-perfused, single, isolated cotyledon, human placental perfusion model was used to examine the resistance response of the fetoplacental circulation to oxytocin and vasopressin in placentae harvested from healthy women. Twelve of a total of 17 individual experiments were conducted successfully during which either oxytocin (n = 6) or vasopressin (n = 6) was introduced into the fetal reservoir in concentration increments of 10−1 M. Fetoplacental distal stem villous arteriolar perfusion pressure (FAP) was measured continuously. The fetal circuit concentration of either oxytocin or vasopressin was raised in a stepwise fashion from 109 to 10−5 M or 10−11 to 10−6 M, respectively. Both reservoirs were then purged of drug, after which 1-mL 1.0 mM 5-hydroxytryptamine (2.5 µM), an agent well known to manifestly increase fetoplacental distal stem villous arteriolar resistance, was introduced into the fetal circuit. A significant increase in FAP from baseline in response to exposure to 5-hydroxytryptamine confirmed that the fetoplacental vasoconstrictor response remained reactive. The primary outcome of this study was changes in FAP after incremental dosing of vasopressin and oxytocin.

RESULTS:

No changes in FAP were observed with either oxytocin or vasopressin regardless of the drug concentration tested. For each drug and concentration, a mean pressure change greater than ±10 mm Hg was excluded with 95% confidence. In contrast, 5-hydroxytryptamine significantly increased perfusion pressure in all 12 successful experiments.

CONCLUSIONS:

Oxytocin and vasopressin do not influence human fetoplacental distal stem villous arteriolar resistance. The neutral impact of vasopressin noted here is thus analogous to the reported negligible influence of the drug on human pulmonary arteriolar resistance. Neither drug seems likely to adversely influence the compensatory hypoxemic fetoplacental vasoconstrictor response.
Semantic Function of Translation in the Dialogue of Cultures
Authors: Дубинский  , Dubinskiy Vladimir
Published: August 2016

The article considers a most important function of translation. Translation

serves as a mediator in intercultural communication. The author gives a

survey of the history of translation, analyzes the factors that determine the

quality of translation and gives examples of blunders. It is further suggested

that interpreters should study the etymology of the language they translate

into, loan and cognate words, their native culture as well as the foreign

culture in question as they all have a direct impact on the vocabulary of the

languages concerned. The author concludes that in training interpreters and

translators it is important to pay particular attention to the semantic function

of translation.
Communication as Domination
Authors: Братина  , Bratina B.. , Кнежевич  , Knezhevich V.
Published: August 2016

The problem of intercultural communication is one of the essential problems

of our time. The authors note that this exchange and cultural interaction,

historically lasting although changing, has always been asymmetrical.

The asymmetry is realized in full when we consider civilization differences

typical of this or that community. The paper stresses that it is necessary to

change the balance of the above mentioned asymmetry for gaining authentic

cultural development. The authors see it as the realization of the idea of

equality in intercultural communication.

The paper does not represent a theoretical platform providing for immediate

change in favour of one or another actor and totally changing the existing

balance – such a project would require combining various, interdisciplinary

methods as well as much more space. It rather aims at drawing the attention

of the academic community to the fact that if one insists on differences

between cultures, this only leads to their global oversimplification by reduction

to universalism, traditionally known as well as tabooed as its social and

cultural consequences expose themselves only too well. The authors focus

on outlining some of the basic ideas concerning altering the existing situation

in intercultural communication.
Evaluation of the Performance of Composite Wood Decking Bonded with Phenol Resorcinol Formaldehyde and Polyurethane Adhesives after Accelerated Aging Tests
Authors: Wan Hui , Dahlen Joseph , Mao An , Sites Linda , Rowlen Amy , Miller George , McClendon Blake , Liu Ming , Liu Xiaomei , Nicholas Darrel
Published: August 2016

The feasibility of applying an innovative process to manufacture composite decking boards with quartersawn or starsawn southern pine lumber bonded with phenol resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF) and polyurethane (PU) adhesives was studied. It was feasible to make quatersawn-based composite decking panels with possible improved surface qualities. Accelerated aging tests showed that composite quartersawn decking samples were more resistant to aging than flatsawn decking samples in terms of shear strength, especially after exposure to 12 wet–dry aging cycles. Compared with the PRF adhesive, the PU adhesive resulted in greater initial dry shear strength but had lower shear strength after the accelerated aging test. Furthermore, the amount of wood failure increased for the PRF-bonded samples and decreased for the PU-bonded samples after accelerated aging tests. Compared with solid quartersawn decking boards, the quartersawn composite decking boards had the same modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity.
Group Testing Approach for Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion Disorder Screening
Authors: Kaseniit Kristjan Eerik , Theilmann Mark R , Robertson Alexander , Evans Eric A , Haque Imran S
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND

Fragile X syndrome (FXS, OMIM #300624) is an X-linked condition caused by trinucleotide repeat expansions in the 5′ UTR (untranslated region) of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. FXS testing is commonly performed in expanded carrier screening and has been proposed for inclusion in newborn screening. However, because pathogenic alleles are long and have low complexity (>200 CGG repeats), FXS is currently tested by a single-plex electrophoresis-resolved PCR assay rather than multiplexed approaches like next-generation sequencing or mass spectrometry. In this work, we sought an experimental design based on nonadaptive group testing that could accurately and reliably identify the size of abnormally expanded FMR1 alleles of males and females.

METHODS

We developed a new group testing scheme named StairCase (SC) that was designed to the constraints of the FXS testing problem, and compared its performance to existing group testing schemes by simulation. We experimentally evaluated SC's performance on 210 samples from the Coriell Institute biorepositories using pooled PCR followed by capillary electrophoresis on 3 replicates of each of 3 pooling layouts differing by the mapping of samples to pools.

RESULTS

The SC pooled PCR approach demonstrated perfect classification of samples by clinical category (normal, intermediate, premutation, or full mutation) for 90 positives and 1800 negatives, with a batch of 210 samples requiring only 21 assays.

CONCLUSIONS

Group testing based on SC is an implementable approach to trinucleotide repeat expansion disorder testing that offers ≥10-fold reduction in assay costs over current single-plex methods.
Recurrent abdominal pain in adolescents with anxiety and depression disorders
Authors: Fastralina Fastralina , Sofyani Sri , Simbolon M. Joesoef , Lubis Iskandar Z.
Published: August 2016

Background Anxiety and depression disorders in adolescentsmay affect their academic performances and social functioningat school. Adolescents with these disorders sometimes developrecurrent abdominal pain (RAP).Objective To assess the occurence of recurrent abdominal painamong adolescents with anxiety and depression disordersMethods We conducted a cross-sectional study from Augustto September 2009 in 12-18 year-old adolescents from 3 juniorhigh schools and 3 senior high schools in Secanggang Subdistrict,Langkat District, North Sumatera Province. We screened 960adolescents. Subjects were selected by consecutive samplingand instructed to fill the child behavior checklist (CBCL) andchildren's depression inventory (CDI) forms. Those with suspectedanxiety/depression (CBCL score 2: 12 for boys and 2: 14 for girls)and those with suspected depression (CDI score 2: 13) were thenexamined by a psychiatrist. Adolescents diagnosed with anxiety ordepression disorders were instructed to fill the RAP questionnairebased on Apley and Naish criteria.Results From the CBCL and CDI forms, 250 students weresuspected of having anxiety and/or depression. From these,144 students participated in this study. Of the 84 students withanxiety disorders, 60 (71.4%) students suffered from RAP. Ofthe 60 students with depression disorders, 31 (51 %) sufferedfrom RAP.Conclusion Adolescents with anxiety or depression are morelikely to have recurrent abdominal pain.
Significant clinical features in pediatric pneumonia
Authors: Dalimunthe Wisman , Daulay Rini S , Daulay Ridwan M
Published: August 2016

Background Pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood mortalityin the world. Although WHO develops an algorithm fordiagnosing pneumonia, many clinicians still under or overdiagnosethis disease.Objective To assess associations of cough, tachypnea, fever, andchest indrawing with pneumonia in children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using medicalrecords of children aged less than 5 year old with one or more clinicalsigns of pneumonia such as cough, fever, tachypnea, and chestindrawing in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan from January2009 to December 2011. Pneumonia was diagnosed by pediatricrespirologists based on history-taking, and physical, laboratoryand radiology examinations. Patients with incomplete datawere excluded. Data was analyzed by bivariate and multivariateanalyses.Results Of 420 subjects, the majority were aged 3 to 23 monthsand there were more boys than girls. Clinical signs assessed forwere cough (82.9%), tachypnea (31 %), fever (79.3%), and chestindrawing (40.2%). Age < 24 months (OR 2.563; 95% CI 1.497to 4.387), cough (OR 2.274; 95% CI 1.042 to 4.960), tachypnea(OR 2.249; 95% CI 1.282 to 3.947), and chest indrawing (OR6.993; 95% CI 4.017 to 12.173) were significant predictors forpneumonia.Conclusion Age less than 24 months, cough, tachypnea, andchest indrawing are significantly associated with pneumonia.
TROMBINIŲ MIKROANGIOPATIJŲ SINDROMŲ PATOGENETINIAI MECHANIZMAI, DIFERENCINĖ DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMAS
Authors: Čerkauskaitė Agnė , Ašakienė Eglė , Čerkauskienė Rimantė , Miglinas Marius
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: trombinės mikroangiopatijos, HUS, aHUS, komplementas, ADAMTS-13. Trombinės mikroangiopatijos (TMA) – tai grupė sindromų, pasireiškiančių trombocitopenija, mikroangiopatine hemolizine anemija ir smulkiųjų kraujagyslių okliuzija. TMA, priklausomai nuo ligą sukėlusios priežasties, skiriamos į hemolizinį ureminį sindromą (HUS), susijusį su Shiga toksinu (šigatoksinu), atipinį hemolizinį sindromą (aHUS), trombinę trombocitopeninę purpurą (TTP) ir kitas ligas, įskaitant metabolizmo, vaistų, krešėjimo sutrikimų sukeltą TMA. Sporadinį ar epideminį HUS sukelianti E. coli, gaminanti Shiga toksiną, yra svarbi vaikų ūminio inkstų pažeidimo priežastis visame pasaulyje, tuo tarpu TTP labiau būdinga suaugusiesiems ir siejama su specifinės Vilebrando faktorių skaldančios proteazės, dar vadinamos ADAMTS-13, stoka. Svarbiausią aHUS patogenezės grandį sudaro alternatyvaus komplemento kelio reguliacijos sutrikimas, dalyvaujant genetiniams ir aplinkos veiksniams. TMA sindromų patogenetinių kelių ir klinikinio pasireiškimo įvairovė ir konvergencija (supanašėjimas) neretai apsunkina pirminę diagnostiką ir diferenciaciją, o besikeičiantys tyrimų rezultatai tampa iššūkiu kuriant tinkamiausias TMA gydymo gaires. Šiame apžvalginiame straipsnyje pateikiama skirtingų TMA sindromų charakteristika, labiausiai atkreipiant dėmesį į molekulinių patologinių mechanizmų ir klinikinių simptomų sąsają, kartu apžvelgiant naujausius literatūroje aprašytus diagnostikos ir gydymo metodus. Vis dėlto ankstyvas TMA gydymas apsiriboja empiriškai taikoma pakaitine plazmos terapija (išskyrus vaikų Shiga toksino sukeltą HUS (STEC-HUS)), komplemento C5 inhibitoriaus ekulizumabo vartojimu aHUS atveju ar inkstų, inkstų/kepenų transplantacija dėl HUS hemodializuojamiems pacientams.
GIMDOS KAKLELIO APSIUVIMO METODŲ PALYGINIMAS
Authors: Šimkevičiūtė Ramunė , Mečėjus Gediminas
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: laparoskopinis gimdos kaklelio apsiuvimas, makštinis gimdos kaklelio apsiuvimas, gimdos kaklelio nepakankamumas. Gimdos kaklelio nepakankamumas apsunkina 0,1–1 proc. visų nėštumų, o klasikinis gydymo būdas – makštinis gimdos kaklelio apsiuvimas. Tačiau kartais būna kad gimdos kaklelis per daug trumpas ar deformuotas, todėl makštinis gimdos kaklelio apsiuvimo būdas techniškai neįmanomas. Tokiais atvejais įmanomas laparoskopinis gimdos kaklelio apsiuvimas. Taip pat anksčiau nepavykęs vienas ar keli makštiniai apsiuvimai gali būti laikomi indikacija laparoskopiniam gimdos kaklelio apsiuvimui. Palyginamosios studijos neparodė jokių akušerinių rezultatų skirtumų tarp laparoskopinio transabdominalinio ir makštinio gimdos kaklelio apsiuvimo. Keliuose tyrimuose paminėti laparoskopinio apsiuvimo privalumai: trumpas hospitalizacijos ir sveikimo po operacijos laikas, aukšta apsiuvimo vieta ir pavienės komplikacijos.
VAIKŲ PADIDĖJĘS ARTERINIS KRAUJO SPAUDIMAS – NEĮVERTINTA SVEIKATOS PROBLEMA
Authors: Tamulionytė Monika , Lansbergytė Elena , Drejerienė Violeta , Ivanauskienė Virginija , Kinčinienė Odeta
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: arterinė hipertenzija, padidėjęs arterinis kraujospūdis, sistolinis kraujospūdis, diastolinis kraujospūdis, vaikai, paaugliai. Kraujotakos sistemos ligos – viena dažniausių mirties priežasčių pasaulyje, dažniausia jaunų žmonių mirties priežastis Lietuvoje. Pastaruoju metu medicinos mokslo spaudoje daugėja duomenų apie padidėjusio vaikų ir paauglių arterinio kraujospūdžio paplitimą ir jo ryšį su ankstyvu suaugusiųjų ligotumu ir mirtingumu dėl kraujotakos sutrikimų. Rizikos veiksniai sirgti padidėjusio kraujo spaudimo liga – tai mitybos įpročiai, nejudrus gyvenimo būdas, dažnai pirmųjų dviejų rezultatas – antsvoris, žinoma, stresas, žalingi įpročiai ir paveldėtas polinkis sirgti. Todėl daugelyje pasaulio šalių atliekami tyrimai, padėsiantys kuo anksčiau nustatyti fatališkas ligas, kol pacientui įmanoma padėti, nes organai taikiniai nėra pažeisti. Įvairios pasaulio šalys, publikuodamos duomenis, pateikia, kad nuo 5 iki 15 proc. vaikų ir paauglių turi padidėjusį AKS ir paplitimo dažnis nuolat didėja. Vertindami 2009 metais publikuotus Lietuvoje atliktų atsitiktinės imties vaikų AKS matavimų rezultatus, kai AH nustatyta daugiau nei 5 proc., o sunki AH – beveik 2 proc. sveikais save laikiusių moksleivių, 2014–2015 m. atlikome atsitiktinius sveikų vaikų AKS matavimus. Tirti 7–17 m. įskaitytinai kelių Lietuvos mokyklų moksleiviai, neturintys jokių ligos simptomų ir nepertraukiamai lankantys ugdymo įstaigą. Normaliam AKS būdingi dydžiai nustatyti tik kiek daugiau nei pusei tirtųjų ir beveik penktadaliui tirtųjų – arterinei hipertenzijai būdingi duomenys. Šiame straipsnyje norime pateikti literatūros analizę, kiek atskleidžiančią vaikų padidėjusio AKS aktualumą ir jo paplitimą tarp sveikais save laikančių Lietuvos moksleivių.
VEZIKOVAGINALINĖ FISTULĖ: PIRMASIS LAPAROSKOPINĖS PLASTINĖS FISTULĖS UŽDARYMO OPERACIJOS ATVEJIS VILNIAUS MIESTO KLINIKINĖJE LIGONINĖJE. KLINIKINIS ATVEJIS
Authors: Šilinis Darius , Sabalys Juozas , Štarolis Edmundas , Šareikienė Vaida
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: laparoskopija, vezikovaginalinė fistulė, šlapimo tekėjimas. Darbo tikslas. Mūsų klinika turi nemažą patirtį atliekant VVF atviras operacijas. Per 45 m. operuota daugiau nei 60 pacienčių, 96 proc. atvejų gydymas sėkmingas (Mičelytė ir kt., 2005). 2014 m. atlikta pirmoji laparoskopinė VVF uždarymo operacija. Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Ligonė K. R., gim. 1967 m., į urologijos skyrių buvo hospitalizuota 2014.07.31. Skundėsi šlapimo tekėjimu per makštį. Anamnezėje prieš 2 m. pašalinta gimda. 2014.06.25 operuota ginekologų, atlikta laparotomija, pašalintas gimdos kaklelis dėl displazijos. Cistoskopija – šlaplė praeinama laisvai, pūslės gleivinė be pakitimų. Dugno srityje, kiek aukščiau plica interureterica, apie 3 mm gleivinės defektas – fistulė. 2014.08.04 ligonė operuota, atlikta vezikovaginalinės fistulės elektrokoaguliacija elektrodu, išdeginant fistulės gleivinę, vėliau tikintis jos kraštų sulipimo, užsidarymo ir surandėjimo. Kateteris pašalintas 25 parą po operacijos. Ligonei bėgo šlapimas per makštį, pakartota cistoskopija – 5 mm defektas virš plica interureterica – fistulė. Pakartotinai ligonė hospitalizuota 2014.10.13. Cistoskopija – tarp šlapimtakio angų iki 1 cm diametro vezikovaginalinės fistulės anga. Ligonė operuota 2014.10.20, atlikta laparoskopinė fistulės uždarymo operacija. Vezikovaginalinė fistulė išdalinta, pašalinta, kraštai atnaujinti. Susiūtas makšties defektas ištisine skersine neatsileidžiančia siūle, po to išilgine neatsileidžiančia ištisine siūle susiūta šlapimo pūslė. Tarpe tarp makšties ir šlapimo pūslės siūlių paliktas ir fiksuotas taukinės fragmentas recidyvo prevencijai. Operacijos trukmė 4 val. 10 min. Rezultatai. Po 2 savaičių pašalintas kateteris. Po 1 mėn. šlapimą laiko gerai, per makštį šlapimas nebėga, vezikovaginalinė fistulė likviduota. Išvados. Laparoskopinis VVF gydymas, kaip ir atviros operacijos, taikytinas esant aukštos lokalizacijos fistulėms, kada transvaginalinis priėjimas komplikuotas. Šis gydymo būdas yra saugus ir efektyvus, tačiau reikalingas atitinkamas chirurgų patyrimas.
Validation of a new model for railway overhead line dynamics
Authors: Beagles Adam , Fletcher David , Peffers Matthew , Mak Patric , Lowe Caroline
Published: August 2016

This paper presents details of a new model of railway overhead electric power line dynamics for prediction of contact wire–pantograph contact forces and wire uplift. It is validated against data from BS EN 50318:2002, and against data from track tests conducted at Network Rail's Melton Rail Innovation and Development Centre using a class 395 high-speed electric multiple unit. Its advantage over previous approaches is its implantation in a commercial non-linear finite-element package allowing application for a wide range of overhead line geometry. Overhead electric lines and their support structures are highly stressed components largely without redundancy, and their integrity (both mechanical and electrical) is crucial to the functioning of railway infrastructure. Their failure can be understood in terms of component wear, fatigue and corrosion, in addition to electrical equipment life expiry. These processes are driven by a combination of factors including cable tension, dynamic load from current collection pantographs, the frequency of support, and environmental loading (e.g. sparking and side-winds). The model described here is able to support decision making and cost-effectiveness regarding these aspects for new installations (e.g. designing for compliance with BS EN 50119:2009) and for maintenance of existing systems. The route for further extending its capabilities is outlined.
Perfil sóciodemográfico e antropométrico de idosas das academias da terceira idade
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Pereira Bruna Maria , Lima Maria Do Carmo Correia de , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do
Published: August 2016

Objetivo: o presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar o perfil sóciodemográfico e antropométrico de idosas usuárias das Academias da Terceira Idade (ATIs). Método: a amostra foi composta por 50 idosas (média de idade 68,14±6,69). usuárias das ATIs do município de Maringá/PR. As idosas foram avaliadas por meio de questionário semiestruturado composto por questões referentes ao perfil sóciodemográfico e das condições de saúde. Foi avaliado também o peso, a estatura e o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Resultados: apenas oito (16%) idosas apontaram ter diabetes e seis (12%) relataram ter osteoartrite e osteoporose. Em contrapartida, 46 (92%) das idosas relataram ter hipertensão. Encontrou-se uma maior prevalência de idosas com IMC normal (68%), seguido do sobrepeso (22%). Considerações finais: foi considerado normal o perfil antropométrico da maior parte das idosas usuárias das ATIs do município de Maringá/PR, porém deve-se atentar as idosas classificadas com sobrepeso e obesidade, assim como com as hipertensas, pois já se sabe das complicações destes estados nutricionais e desta doença crônica para a saúde e para o aumento dos níveis de morbidade e mortalidade em idosos.
A atuação do profissional fisioterapeuta em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors: Simão Reis Theis Rita Casciane , Gerzson Laís Rodrigues , De Almeida Carla Skilhan
Published: August 2016

Objetivo: revisar na literatura atual, a atuação do profissional fisioterapeuta em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal. Método: como estratégia, foi realizada busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane CENTRAL, Lilacs e PEDro, publicado nos últimos dez anos. Além de busca manual em referências de estudos já publicados sobre o assunto. Foram encontrados 20 artigos. A busca compreendeu os seguintes descritores "Fisioterapia motora”, “Unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal”, “técnicas fisioterapêuticas”, “Motor Physiotherapy”, “neonatal intensive care unit”, “physiotherapeutic techniques. Resultados: a fisioterapia é parte da assistência multiprofissional proporcionada nas unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs). O contínuo desenvolvimento do tratamento fisioterapêutico nas UTIs neonatais levou às melhores técnicas e recursos para essa população. A fisioterapia motora está entre os procedimentos utilizados com a preocupação de diminuir atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor dos recém-nascidos (RNs). Conclusões: a função do fisioterapeuta no atendimento em UTIs neonatais é identificar o melhor tratamento, a fim de intervir precocemente nas possíveis disfunções motoras advindas do tempo de internação prolongado dos RNs. Cada vez mais, a inserção do profissional fisioterapeuta se faz necessário na assistência multidisciplinar ao recém-nascido pré-termo. Em geral, constatou-se que a fisioterapia desempenha um papel importante dentro das UTIs neonatais, promovendo resultados importantes na qualidade de vida desses recém-nascidos e seus familiares.
Avaliação subjetiva da apneia do sono em trabalhadores noturnos
Authors: Perceval Aline Henriques , Rahmeier Laura
Published: August 2016

Objetivo: avaliar de forma subjetiva a Apneia do Sono (AS) em trabalhadores noturnos. A pesquisa contou com trabalhadores noturnos de uma empresa de minério. Método: o estudo contou com 24 participantes, com idade entre 30 a 54 anos. Para a coleta de dados dos indivíduos, foi utilizada uma ficha de avaliação composta por dados de identificação, medicamentos, e itens como, cirtometria, circunferência do pescoço, cintura, abdômen, quadril e ainda, peso e altura, sendo aplicado o Questionário de Berlim e a Escala de Epworth em todos os participantes. Resultados: a pressão arterial sistólica variou entre 110 e 180mmHg e a diastólica de 70 a 110mmHg. A média da frequência cardíaca dos indivíduos foi de 65,25 ± 8bpm e da frequência respiratória de 16,13 ± 2,9rpm; todos os participantes se enquadravam com IMC elevado, e segundo o Questionário de Berlim, 66,6% dos participantes apresentam chance de desenvolver AS, já na escala de Epworth, apenas um quarto dos participantes apresentou predição aumentada para sonolência diurna. Considerações finais: a grande maioria dos participantes possuem uma predisposição à ter AS, assim como a associação do tempo de trabalho e idade avançada aumentam as chances destes participantes a desenvolverem AS.
Índices de crecimiento en plantas de mora (Rubus alpinus Macfad) bajo diferentes sistemas de poda
Authors: Moreno-Medina Brigitte Liliana , Casierra-Posada Fánor , Blanke Michael
Published: August 2016

El cultivo de mora en Colombia es un renglón importante para el desarrollo económico de medianos y pequeños productores. Las plantas de Rubus alpinus son arbustos semierectos, con tallos de seis metros o más, en cada uno se forman cerca de 50 hojas y 20 panículas, por tanto, las actividades de poda son labores indispensables en este cultivo y tienen el propósito de renovar las ramas productivas. En este sentido, el establecimiento de índices fisiológicos y de las curvas de crecimiento en estas plantas manejadas bajo diferentes sistemas de poda, permitirá plantear propuestas para el manejo agronómico de esta especie. En el presente ensayo se utilizaron plantas de dos años de edad, tutoradas en T, se marcaron 48 tallos bajo diferentes sistemas de poda (testigo: sin podar; poda corta: tallo a 1,6 m de longitud; poda larga: tallo a 2,6 m de longitud), se midió longitud de los tallos, y se registró el número de hojas y panículas aparecidas a través del tiempo, se graficó el comportamiento de las variables respecto a los días después de brotación (ddb). Se establecieron las curvas y tasas de crecimiento mediante análisis funcional. Como resultado se obtuvo que los modelos logísticos fueron los mejor ajustados para la descripción del crecimiento de esta especie, la máxima longitud del tallo se presentó a los 231 ddb con 535 cm, la tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC) del tallo disminuyó gradualmente, la tasa absoluta de crecimiento (TAC) del tallo así como el número de hojas y panículas disminuyeron con tiempo. El número máximo de hojas fue de 55 a los 231 ddb, la floración en todos los sistemas de poda inició a los 126 ddb aproximadamente, el número de inflorescencias en promedio fue de 18 en plantas sin poda, con poda corta tuvo un valor de 10 y 21 con poda larga. Los resultados mostraron que la poda es un factor determinante en el desarrollo fisiológico y productivo en esta especie de mora.
Efecto del agua magnetizada en el desarrollo y la producción de cúrcuma (Curcuma longa L.)
Authors: Zuñiga Escobar Orlando , Jiménez Cristián Orlando , Benavides Jhony Armando , Gutiérrez Mauricio Alejandro , Torres Celina
Published: August 2016

Se evaluó la respuesta de la aplicación de agua de riego estimulada magnéticamente en el desarrollo y la producción de la cúrcuma (Curcuma longa L). Para la estimulación del agua se utilizaron dos magnetrones instalados en serie dentro de un circuito de recirculación. En las pruebas se establecieron tres tiempos de exposición al campo magnético (10, 15 y 30 minutos), un testigo recirculado sin magnetrones y un testigo absoluto sin recircular. Se empleó un diseño unifactorial completamente al azar. El sistema de magnetización fue acoplado a un sistema de riego por goteo, aplicándose durante tres meses a plántulas de cúrcuma en condiciones de invernadero. Los resultados mostraron que el tiempo de recirculación del agua magnetizada durante 30 minutos generó un incremento estadísticamente significativo en la longitud del tallo principal, el número de rizomas, el número de macollos, la masa fresca y la masa seca, superior a los demás tratamientos. De acuerdo a estos resultados, la aplicación de agua magnetizada podría ser considerada como una tecnología promisoria para mejorar el rendimiento del cultivo de cúrcuma.
Практические особенности структурирования и оформления научных текстов
Authors: Авдеева Нина Владимировна , Сусь Ирина Валерьевна
Published: August 2016

В статье рассматриваются вопросы по написанию и оформлению научных работ с учетом специфики данного жанра. Выделяются необходимые для автора научного труда компетенции, позволяющие осмыслить и выстроить текст, а также оценить его доступность для восприятия читателя. Приводятся характерные для современной научно-издательской практики погрешности в структуре и оформлении статей.
Diagnóstico ambiental no córrego Bacaba, Talismã - TO
Authors: Mota A. R. , Camargo M. O. , Souza P. A. , Souza P. B. , Santos A. F.
Published: August 2016

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos e impactos ambientais na mata ciliar do córrego Bacaba, localizada no município de Talismã -TO. O diagnóstico foi feito através de visita in loco e com registro fotográfico das características da degradação, para analise quantitativa dos impactos utilizou-se uma matriz de aspectos e impactos. Os principais problemas encontrados foram à inexistência da mata ciliar nas duas margens do córrego, o transporte de sedimentos do solo para a calha, a compactação da camada superficial do solo, afugentamento da fauna local, surgimento de ravinas e voçorocas de erosão e afugentamento da fauna local. As causas desses impactos são devido à intensificação da agropecuária juntamente com manejo inadequado do solo necessitando de medidas mitigatórias urgentes como isolamento da área e plantio de mudas nativas onde a área foi degradada.

Environmental diagnosis stream Bacaba, Talisman - TO

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the environmental aspects and impacts on riparian Bacaba stream, located in the municipality of Talisman. The diagnosis was done through on-site visit and photographic record of the characteristics of degradation, to quantitative analysis of impacts we used an array of aspects and impacts. The main problems encountered were the lack of riparian vegetation on both sides of the stream, the sediment transport from the ground to the gutter, compaction of topsoil, the resulting disappearance of local fauna, emergence of ravines and gullies of erosion and the resulting disappearance of local wildlife. The causes of these impacts are due to the intensification of agriculture along with inadequate soil management requiring urgent preventive/corrective measures such as isolation of the area and planting of native seedlings where the area was degraded.
Efeito da adubação orgânica sobre a matéria seca do girassol irrigado com água residuária
Authors: Silva Tainara Tâmara Santiago , Lopes Riuzuani Michelle Bezerra Pedroza , Guimarães Jean Pereira , Lima Vera Lucia Antunes , Farias Maria Sallydelândia Sobral
Published: August 2016

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos da irrigação com água residuária doméstica tratada e da adubação com composto de resíduo sólido urbano na matéria seca de plantas de girassol. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – PB; a cultura utilizada foi o Girassol (Helianthus annuus L.), variável EMBRAPA 122/V2000, cultivadas em vasos preenchidos com solo classificado como Neossolo Regolítico eutrófico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados em esquema fatorial 6 x 2, com 3 repetições, que foram 6 doses de nitrogênio disponível em composto de resíduo sólido (0, 60, 100, 140, 180, 220 kg. N. ha-1) e 2 tipos de água (água de abastecimento e água residuária doméstica tratada). A água residuária foi tratada por meio de reator UASB (Reator anaeróbico de fluxo ascendente) e a água de abastecimento foi proveniente do sistema de abastecimento público municipal. Verificou-se que a qualidade de água influenciou a produção de massa seca da parte aérea a 5% de probabilidade; já a variação das doses de nitrogênio não exerceu efeito significativo para a variável analisada.

Effect of organic manure on the dry matter of the sunflower irrigated with wastewater

Abstract: is aimed with this work was to evaluate the effects of irrigation with treated domestic wastewater and fertilization with municipal solid waste compost on the dry matter of sunflower plants. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Campina Grande - PB; culture used was the Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), variable EMBRAPA 122 / V2000, grown in pots filled with soil classified as eutrophic Entisol. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial 6 x 2, with three repetitions, which were 6 levels of nitrogen available in compound of solid waste (0, 60, 100, 140, 180, 220 kg. N ha-1) and 2 types of water (water supply domestic wastewater and treated water). The wastewater was treated by UASB (upflow anaerobic reactor) and the water supply was coming from the municipal supply system. It was found that the water quality influenced the dry matter yield of shoot a 5% probability; since the variation of nitrogen doses no significant effect for the variable analyzed.