bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Natural Language Processing Algorithm for Extracting Clinical and Pathological Features of Breast Cancer From Pathology Reports
Authors: Munzone Elisabetta , Marra Antonio , Comotto Federico , Guercio Lorenzo , Sangalli Claudia Anna , Lo Cascio Martina , Pagan Eleonora , Sangalli Davide , Bigoni Ilaria , Porta Francesca Maria , D'Ercole Marianna , Ritorti Fabiana , Bagnardi Vincenzo , Fusco Nicola , Curigliano Giuseppe
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE

Electronic health records (EHRs) are valuable information repositories that offer insights for enhancing clinical research on breast cancer (BC) using real-world data. The objective of this study was to develop a natural language processing (NLP) model specifically designed to extract structured data from BC pathology reports written in natural language.

METHODS

During the initial phase, the algorithm's development cohort comprised 193 pathology reports from 116 patients with BC from 2012 to 2016. A rule-based NLP algorithm was applied to extract 26 variables for analysis and was compared with the manual extraction of data performed by both a data entry specialist and an oncologist. Following the first approach, the data set was expanded to include 513 reports, and a Named Entity Recognition (NER)-NLP model was trained and evaluated using K-fold cross-validation.

RESULTS

The first approach led to a concordance analysis, which revealed an 82.9% agreement between the algorithm and the oncologist, whereas the concordance between the data entry specialist and the oncologist was 90.8%. The second training approach introduced the definition of an NER-NLP model, in which the accuracy showed remarkable potential (97.8%). Notably, the model demonstrated remarkable performance, especially for parameters such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and Ki-67 (F1-score 1.0).

CONCLUSION

The present study aligns with the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in oncology, seeking to expedite the development of complex cancer databases and registries. The results of the model are currently undergoing postprocessing procedures to organize the data into tabular structures, facilitating their utilization in real-world clinical and research endeavors.
Addressing the Growing Challenge of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer: The Importance of an Integrated Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Wright Michael A. , Shibata David
Published: August 2024

Patients with young-onset colorectal cancer have unique challenges that require a multidisciplinary approach.
Effects of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy–Specific Perceptions on Response to a Behavioral Intervention for Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Adherence in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Willis Kelcie D. , Walsh Emily A. , Dunderdale Laura E. , Post Kathryn , Horick Nora , Antoni Michael H. , Safren Steven A. , Partridge Ann H. , Peppercorn Jeffrey , Park Elyse R. , Temel Jennifer S. , Greer Joseph A. , Jacobs Jamie M.
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE

Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) is a life-saving medication for patients with hormone-sensitive breast cancer, yet many struggle with adherence, warranting behavioral intervention. In our recent trial, participation in a group cognitive behavioral intervention (STRIDE) for symptom management and adherence was associated with improvements in symptom distress, coping, quality of life, and mood. We now explore whether baseline patient- and medication-specific factors—which may be modifiable by clinician-led discussions—moderated the effect of STRIDE on adherence rates.

METHODS

From October 2019 to June 2021, 100 patients with early-stage breast cancer reporting AET-related distress were enrolled and randomly assigned to STRIDE or a medication monitoring (MM) control group. All patients stored their AET in electronic pill bottles to track objective adherence. Patients also self-reported their adherence on the Medication Adherence Report Scale-5 and their perceptions of AET on the Cancer Therapy Satisfaction Questionnaire at baseline. We conducted hierarchical linear modeling to test moderators of intervention effects on objective adherence rates. We report the time × group × moderator effects.

RESULTS

Among patients reporting greater perceived difficulties with AET adherence at baseline, STRIDE participants had higher adherence rates over time compared with MM (
b
= –13.80; SE = 4.56;
P
< .01). Patients with greater expectations of therapeutic benefit from AET also had improved adherence rates if they were assigned to STRIDE, versus MM (
b
= 0.25; SE = 0.10;
P
= .01). Patients who perceived taking AET as convenient and had been taking their AET for less time had higher adherence rates in STRIDE, versus MM.

CONCLUSION

The current study identified patient- and medication-specific factors that may augment AET adherence interventions and may be modifiable through clinician-led discussions, such as perceptions of adherence problems, therapeutic efficacy, and convenience of AET.
Neurological Complications After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Review
Authors: Mangold Adam S. , Benincasa Stefano , Sanders Benjamin M. , Patel Kinjal , Mitrev Ludmil
Published: August 2024

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the dominant procedural modality for aortic valve replacement in the United States. The reported rates of neurological complications in patients undergoing TAVR have changed over time and are dependent on diagnostic definitions and modalities. Most strokes after TAVR are likely embolic in origin, and the incidence of stroke has decreased over time. Studies have yielded conflicting results when comparing stroke rates between TAVR and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), especially due to differences in diagnostic criteria and neurocognitive testing. In this narrative review, we summarize the available data on the incidence of stroke, delirium, and cognitive decline after TAVR and highlight potential areas in need of future research. We also discuss silent cerebral ischemic lesions (SCILs) and their association with a decline in postoperative neurocognitive status after TAVR. Finally, we describe that the risk of delirium and postoperative decline is increased when nonfemoral access routes are used, and we highlight the need for standardized imaging and valid, repeatable methodologies to assess cognitive changes after TAVR.
Direct Reinfusion of Unwashed Shed Autologous Blood During Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Powell Thomas R. , Khalifa Ali , Green Susan Y. , Tolpin Daniel A. , Staggers Kristen A. , Anton James M. , LeMaire Scott A. , Coselli Joseph S. , Pan Wei
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

This study’s purpose was to assess whether larger volumes of reinfused unwashed shed autologous blood (SAB) were associated with adverse events within 30 days for patients undergoing open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair. During TAAA repair, our institution uses a system wherein SAB is filtered, but not washed or centrifuged, and then returned to the patient via a rapid-infusion device. By reinfusing SAB, the system preserves the patient’s autologous whole blood and may reduce the number of allogenic transfusions required during TAAA repair, but the end-organ effects of reinfusing unwashed SAB have not been extensively evaluated.

METHODS:

Using a prospectively maintained database, we retrospectively analyzed data from 972 consecutive patients who underwent open TAAA repair at our institution from 2007 to 2021 and who received SAB. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to assess whether SAB reinfusion volume was associated with a composite outcome of adverse events, as well as operative mortality, a composite of cardiac complications, a composite of pulmonary complications, or persistent paraplegia, stroke, or postoperative renal failure.

RESULTS:

Among the cohort of 972 patients, the median volume of reinfused SAB was 4159 mL (quartile1–quartile3 [Q1–Q3]: 2524–6790 mL). Greater reinfusion volumes of unwashed SAB were not associated with greater odds of composite adverse events (odds ratio [OR], 1.02 per 1000 mL increase, 97.5% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–1.09, P = .624), nor with any individual outcome—operative mortality (OR, 1.02 per 1000 mL increase, 97.5% CI, 0.93–1.12, P = .617), a composite of cardiac complications (OR, 0.98 per 1000 mL increase, 97.5% CI, 0.93–1.04, P = .447), a composite of pulmonary complications (OR, 1.00 per 1000 mL increase, 97.5% CI, 0.94–1.06, P = .963), renal failure necessitating hemodialysis (OR, 1.01 per 1000 mL increase, 97.5% CI, 0.92–1.11, P = .821), persistent paraplegia (OR, 0.97 per 1000 mL increase, 97.5% CI, 0.84–1.13, P = .676), persistent stroke (OR, 0.85 per 1000 mL increase, 97.5% CI, 0.70–1.04, P = .070), or reoperation to control bleeding (OR, 0.99, 97.5% CI, 0.87–1.13, P = .900)—when adjusted for confounders.

CONCLUSIONS:

For patients undergoing open TAAA repair, larger reinfusion volumes of unwashed SAB were not associated with greater odds of major early postoperative complications.
Heterotypic interaction promotes asymmetric division of human hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Candelas Adrian , Vianay Benoit , Gelin Matthieu , Faivre Lionel , Larghero Jerome , Blanchoin Laurent , Théry Manuel , Brunet Stéphane
Published: August 2024

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) give rise to all cell types of the hematopoietic system through various processes, including asymmetric divisions. However, the contribution of stromal cells of the hematopoietic niches in the control of HSPC asymmetric divisions remains unknown. Using polyacrylamide microwells as minimalist niches, we show that specific heterotypic interactions with osteoblast and endothelial cells promote asymmetric divisions of human HSPCs. Upon interaction, HSPCs polarize in interphase with the centrosome, the Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes positioned close to the site of contact. Subsequently, during mitosis, HSPCs orient their spindle perpendicular to the plane of contact. This division mode gives rise to siblings with unequal amounts of lysosomes and of the differentiation marker CD34. Such asymmetric inheritance generates heterogeneity in the progeny, which is likely to contribute to the plasticity of the early steps of hematopoiesis.
A novel low-rank reconstruction framework for precise fat-tumor discrimination in diffusion-weighted MRI
Authors: Senthilkumar Rohan
Published: August 2024

Background Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) offers a non-invasive approach to detect tumors based on water mobility differences from surrounding tissue. However, reliably discriminating malignancies from benign adipose remains challenging, especially in anatomical regions with abundant fat. The biophysical similarities between tumors and lipid signals create signal ambiguities that limit diagnostic accuracy using conventional reconstruction techniques. Methods We propose a novel low-rank reconstruction framework that combines accelerated diffusion data acquisition, structured low-rank regularization, and deep learning-assisted radiomic analysis to enhance fat-tumor discrimination in DWI. Simultaneous multi-slice imaging and controlled aliasing enable high spatiotemporal resolution while maintaining feasible scan times. A data-driven annihilating filter kernel is then learned from the undersampled data, imposing implicit low-rank constraints to suppress confounding fat signals while retaining tumor texture details during k-space reconstruction. Subsequent radiomic analysis extracts morphological imaging biomarkers from the reconstructed volumes to identify distinctive tumor signatures. Results Comprehensive validation on clinical DWI datasets demonstrates the improved fat-tumor discrimination capability of the proposed framework compared to conventional techniques. The method achieves qualitatively improved clarity and definition of the phantom that was tested which will help in achieving a mean Areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUCs) exceeding 0.80 for distinguishing malignant lesions from adipose tissue. Case studies illustrate how better signal specificity enables more confident clinical decisions. Conclusions The integrated low-rank reconstruction and radiomic analysis framework offers a promising solution to the longstanding problem of fat-tumor ambiguity in diffusion MRI. By unleashing the full diagnostic potential of DWI, this methodology can enhance non-invasive cancer screening and monitoring across diverse patient populations and anatomical regions.
The contribution of leaders' and managers' attributes, values, principles, and behaviours to the sustainable implementation of Lean in healthcare: A realist review protocol
Authors: Keown Anne Marie , Teeling Seán Paul , McNamara Martin
Published: August 2024

Background Global healthcare faces challenges such as rising costs, budget constraints, aging populations, chronic diseases, and increasing patient expectations. Healthcare organisations are deploying continuous improvement methodologies to address these challenges. Lean, derived from the Toyota Production System, focuses on eliminating non-value-adding activity and enhancing efficiency, making it a prominent quality improvement approach in healthcare. Effective implementation of Lean requires robust leadership to sustain improvements and foster a culture of continuous improvement. However, the attributes, values, principles, and behaviours of effective Lean leaders in healthcare remain underexplored. Methods This realist review protocol details methods to research how leaders' and managers' attributes, values, principles, and behaviours contribute to the sustainable implementation of Lean in healthcare. Following the RAMESES guidelines, a five-stage structured methodology will be used: defining the scope of the review and developing initial theories, developing the search strategy, reviewing primary studies and extracting data, synthesising evidence and developing conclusions, refining theory iteratively, and disseminating findings. An Expert Panel and reference groups of healthcare managers and leaders will refine candidate programme theories (CPTs) into initial programme theories (IPTs), guiding detailed evidence searches and data extraction. Conclusion This realist review will deepen our understanding of the specific mechanisms by which leadership impacts Lean implementation outcomes in the context of acute hospitals. By exploring how leadership attributes, values, principles and behaviours shape outcomes for diverse stakeholders, the review aims to provide critical insights into the dynamics driving the success of Lean in healthcare. The findings will inform policy and practice, enhancing leadership strategies to improve patient and staff experiences, patient outcomes, and organizational performance.
Network for forest by-products charcoal, resin, tar, potash (COST Action EU-PoTaRCh)
Authors: Zborowska Magdalena , Brózdowski Jakub , Starlander Jakob , Woitsch Jiri , Ribechini Erika , Ion Rodica-Mariana , Nelle Oliver , Deforce Koen , Varga Anna , Szabó Péter , Badea Elena , Tintiner-Olifiers Johannes , Tikka Katja , Lucejko Jeannette Jacqueline
Published: August 2024

COST Action EU-PoTaRCh establishes a network focused on the past, present and future use of the major forest by-products in Europe. The Action emphasizes forest by-products, mainly potash, tar, resin, and charcoal (PoTaRCh), as representatives of the traditional heritage of forest exploitation, including extractives used along the time for their specific chemical, biological activity and therapeutic effect. The scientific objective of the Action is to demonstrate the value of these products for the communities and their socio-economic growth, as well as their impact on biodiversity and climate throughout time. The general aim is to identify and assess changes in production and use of PoTaRCh and extractives, along with their social and environmental impacts on sustainable development, and draw lessons for the future based on this legacy. In this way, the Action supports the sustainable use of forests and the transfer of knowledge about circular economy practices, as a contribution to the systemic shift to the new circular bio-economy. A key component of the Action is to support stakeholders that are knowledgeable about PoTaRCh goods and are interested in them because they are used in production, education and promotion of our natural and cultural heritage. The Action meets a wide range of demands thanks to the participation of partners with various activity profiles (museums, state forests, forest industry, tradition bearers associations, tourism industry, etc.). The EU-PoTaRCh Action highlights three COST inclusivity policies: the participation of inclusivity Target Countries with a long history of developing PoTaRCh, a special emphasis on gender balance, and the involvement of young researchers in leadership positions.
Impact of sub-basalt thrust systems on the Faroe continental shelf for the late Paleoproterozoic–Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the margin.
Authors: Koehl Jean-Baptiste P. , Jolley David W. , Peace Alexander L. , Muñoz-Barrera Jhon M. , Foulger Gillian R.
Published: August 2024

Background The Faroe margin in the northeastern Atlantic is segmented by margin-orthogonal, WNW–ESE-striking lineaments extending several hundred kilometers out to the continent–ocean transition. Despite several earlier studies speculating that these features are the product of reactivation of pre-Cenozoic basement-seated structures at depth, the thick Cenozoic volcano-sedimentary sequences deposited along the margin mask the underburden, thus rendering the identification and interpretation of such structures and resolving the pre-Cenozoic history of the area challenging. The present study documents for the first time the existence of margin-orthogonal basement-seated thrust systems and describes their detailed geometry, kinematics, and tectonic evolution. Methods We interpreted basement-seated tectonic structures on seismic reflection data from TGS on the Faroe Platform and the Wyville–Thomson and Munkagrunnur ridges using a newly established methodology. Results The data show that the Wyville–Thomson Ridge, Munkagrunnur Ridge, and Faroe Platform are cored by WNW–ESE-striking thrust systems hundreds of kilometers long and 30–50 km wide, showing dominantly top-SSW kinematics. The thrust systems were reworked into NE–SW-striking folds during the Caledonian Orogeny and controlled the formation of Caledonian thrusts, which in turn controlled the formation of post-Caledonian normal faults. The pre-Caledonian nature of the WNW–ESE-striking shear zones and their geometry and kinematics suggest a relationship with late Paleoproterozoic Laxfordian shear zones onshore northern Scotland and the continuation of the coeval Nagssugtoqidian Orogen in southeastern Greenland, the Ammassalik Belt. In addition, the thrust systems align with the Tornquist Zone in eastern Europe and the southern North Sea, thus suggesting a genetic link between these structures, i.e., a possibly much longer (Paleoproterozoic?) tectonic history for the Tornquist Zone. Conclusions The Faroe Island margin is crosscut by late Paleoproterozoic Laxfordian–Nagssugtoqidian thrust systems, which controlled further tectonic development of the margin and may be related to the Tornquist Zone.
The genome sequence of the True Lover's Knot moth, Lycophotia porphyrea (Denis & Schiffermüller), 1775
Authors: Davis Jo , Griffiths Andy ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Lycophotia porphyrea (the True Lover’s Knot; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence spans 542.40 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.39 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 17,907 protein-coding genes.
AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF WHEAT DISEASES USING DEEP LEARNING AND REAL-TIME DRONES
Authors: Mudarisov Salavat , Miftahov Il'nur
Published: August 2024

The study was carried out to develop a method for early detection of wheat diseases using a modified version of the YOLOv8n model, aimed at achieving an optimal ratio of speed and accuracy of detection in real time. To increase the accuracy of the regression block for recognizing diseases such as brown rust, yellow rust, mold and septoria, the GIoU bounding box regression loss function has been introduced. A simplified YOLOv8n network structure is proposed, adapted for use as a backbone network to facilitate broadcasting to mobile terminals. The use of pretraining methods that combine blended and transfer learning helps improve the model’s generalization ability. For the analysis, we used data collected during four field experiments in Ufa and Karmaskalinsky districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In total, more than 10.000 images were collected during the field experiment, of which 1.890 images of wheat leaves were selected for model training. Data processing included statistical analysis of images obtained under various lighting conditions. Recognition and evaluation of model efficiency were carried out using F1 and AP indicators. The F1-score when testing the model on images taken against a background of sufficient lighting and without covering by leaves was 54%, and the AP-score was 51.2%, with an average IOU value of 50%. The accuracy of wheat disease identification in images of the training data set reached 60%, and of the test set – 70%. The developed YOLOv8n model for detecting wheat diseases in field conditions demonstrates the ability to identify diseases in real time with an accuracy of 67.53%, which significantly exceeds the value of this indicator in other existing models. In particular, the accuracy of YOLOv8n is 3 times higher than that of the YOLOv4 model, indicating significant progress in the field of automatic plant disease detection.
Uzasadnienia decyzji interpretacyjnych przez ich konsekwencje w orzecznictwie SN i TK: identyfikacja z wykorzystaniem uczenia maszynowego
Authors: Bystranowski Piotr
Published: August 2024

In this chapter, I attempt to find a way to identify consequentialist justifications for interpretive decisions of the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court in Poland, using word embeddings – a machine-learning method from computational linguistics, which remains relatively little-known in legal scholarship. This attempt serves two purposes. First, I demonstrate that the method used can be the basis for several interesting quantitative analyses of the dynamics of the occurrence of different types of consequentialist justification in the jurisprudence of Polish courts. Second, and arguably more importantly, I want to demonstrate here that the possibility of using word embeddings to analyze a particularly difficult and elusive legal phenomenon is evidence of the general usefulness of this method in the analysis of legal discourse.
Wykładnia rozszerzająca pojęcia prywatności
Authors: Krok Michał
Published: August 2024

The dictionary meaning of the concept of privacy refers to the meaning of the adjective “private” – that is, concerning someone’s personal and family matters. Meanwhile, legal protection of privacy in the modern information society is aimed primarily at being left alone, the right to be alone. The question should therefore be asked whether privacy understood as the right to be alone is an extended understanding of privacy. The answer to this question can be provided by analysing the concept of extensive interpretation in theoretical conceptions of legal interpretation: the intensional semantic conception, the extensional semantic conception and the derivational conception. This issue has an extremely wide context in legal doctrine and court jurisprudence and leads to reflection from the perspective of the philosophy of law.
Prawo do zwierzęcia
Authors: Pietrzykowski Tomasz
Published: August 2024

Changing the legal status of animals by excluding them from the category of things (dereification of animals) has entailed many direct and indirect consequences. One of the critical issues is the difficulty of treating them as objects of ownership as conceived by the civil law doctrine. Ownership is therein regarded as a right “to things” (ius in re). Thus, arguably, the dereification of animals has resulted in the emergence of a separate, real right parallel to ownership – the right to an animal. The article analyses the similarities and differences between the content of such rights and ownership of things. Moreover, it argues for the need for a statutory, not only interpretative, determination of the content of such newly emerged real right.
Dlaczego Łukasiewicz? Rola aptekarza z Gorlic w powstaniu i rozwoju przemysłu naftowego
Authors: Grata Paweł
Published: August 2024

The objective of this paper is to answer the question of Ignacy Łukasiewicz’s role in the birth and growth of the oil industry. It was unquestionably fundamental, encompassing his participation in the production commissioning of the first oil mine, the establishment of the first crude oil distillery, the development and dissemination of new engineering and processing solutions, support for the development of the road infrastructure necessary for the oil industry, later investment in oil extraction and refining, and finally, an attitude towards the workers of the mine which was ahead of its time in social terms. Further merit stemmed from Łukasiewicz’s activity in public life, where he staunchly supported and promoted solutions beneficial to the industry, thus becoming the originator, co-founder and leader of Krajowe Towarzystwo Naftowe (The National Oil Society), an association of oilmen. This part of Lukasiewicz’s activity was not only a confirmation of his drive for the all-round development of the oil industry in Galicia, but also of the position he had achieved in just over a quarter of a century. It was the position of founder, creator and leader of the Galician oil industry, which owed so much to Łukasiewicz in this first, pioneering period of its existence and development.
Code and Data Repository for The Continuous Time-Resource Trade-off Scheduling Problem with Time Windows
Authors: Artigues Christian , Hébrard Emmanuel , Quilliot Alain , Toussaint Hélène
Published: August 2024

This archive is distributed in association with the INFORMS Journal on Computing under the MIT License. This is a code repo for experiments in the paper "The continuous time-resource tradeoff scheduling problem with time windows" by Christian Artigues, Emmanuel Hébrard, Alain Quilliot, annd Hélène Toussaint.
Code and Data Repository for Computing Bipath Multicommodity Flows with Constraint Programming–Based Branch-and-Price-and-Cut
Authors: Zhang Jiachen , Magnouche Youcef , Bauguion Pierre , Martin Sebastien , Beck J. Christopher
Published: August 2024

The goal of this repository is to demonstrate the effect of CPBPC for BP-MCF. The source code of the software is not available due to the confidentiality of Huawei France.
Mavericks and Diplomats: Bridging Commercial and Institutional Entrepreneurship for Society’s Grand Challenges
Authors: Volmar Eric , Eisenhardt Kathleen M.
Published: August 2024

Many of society’s grand challenges, like access to education, improved public health, and building smart infrastructure, occur in established fields, often ones where noncommercial logics matter. Grounded in a theory-building study of two well-matched EdTech ventures in the nascent MOOC market in the U.S. higher education field, we unpack their strategy formation processes. These ventures faced the dual problem of forming a successful strategy in a nascent market while changing an established field. Our primary contribution is a theoretical framework that identifies two distinct yet effective processes. One (Maverick) is a competitive, learning centric process, whereas the other (Diplomat) is a cooperative, diplomacy-centric one. Although distinct, these processes unexpectedly share the same decision weaving (i.e., hybrid) problem-solving structure that fits complex, novel problems like strategy formation. Broadly, we contribute to institutional theory and institutional entrepreneurship by introducing the diplomacy lens, its tactics, and firm performance. We contribute to learning theory and entrepreneurship by identifying the unique features of learning in established markets, including the limits to rapid experimentation and the value of collaborative learning for changing established fields. We add to practice by emphasizing the difficulty of achieving both commercial success and societal impact. Overall, we bridge the gap between institutional and commercial entrepreneurship.

Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge the generous research support of the Stanford Technology Ventures Program.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.13810 .
Taking a Broader View: Female Directors, CEO Strategic Attention Breadth, and Firm Performance
Authors: Pan Lingling , McNamara Gerry , Devers Cynthia E. , Yonish Lindsey M.
Published: August 2024

Existing research has shown that greater female membership on the board of directors has the potential to positively impact firm financial performance. However, the specific cognitive means through which these gender effects manifest remains unexplained. Our study sheds light on these cognitive means by examining how female board membership can influence chief executive officers (CEOs)’ attention allocation. We integrate the literatures on upper echelons, strategic attention, and gender-based information processing research and argue that because women tend to exhibit broader and more comprehensive information search and processing than men, female directors, through their interactions with CEOs and service on boards, will bring broader insights and perspectives to the boards than male directors. Further, we propose the relationship between the number of female directors and CEO strategic attention breadth is conditioned by three CEO characteristics that can exert influence on CEO-board information exchange: CEO gender, tenure, and overpayment. Specifically, we propose that boards comprised of more women will exert a greater effect on the strategic attention breadth of male CEOs and CEOs with longer tenure but will have a smaller effect on the strategic attention breadth of CEOs who are overpaid. Finally, we propose that CEO attention breadth mediates the relationship between the number of female directors and firm performance. We test our arguments using a sample of S&P 1500 firms and find broad support for our theorizing. Our study makes several key contributions to upper echelons and corporate governance, gender-based information processing, and executive attention research.

Funding: Part of the data collection is funded by Dean’s Summer Small Research Grant at Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh.
The Role of AI In Vocational Education: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Rosyadi Mohamad Iqbal , Kustiawan Iwan , Tetehfio Emmanuel Obobi , Joshua Quinera
Published: August 2024

This research aims to comprehensively investigate and explain the important role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of education, with a particular focus on vocational education. Using the systematic literature review (SLR) method as the chosen research approach, the researchers carefully scrutinized a selection of articles published in the time span between 2018 to 2023, which were carefully selected from the Scopus database. The PRISMA method, renowned for its precision, was carefully applied to screen and filter out documents that did not fit the strict inclusion and exclusion criteria outlined for the study. Upon examination and review of the selected articles, an interesting pattern emerged, underscoring the considerable impact and transformative potential of AI in the education sector, with a particular emphasis on vocational education. The advent of AI technologies has ushered in a new era, one that is brimming with potential to revolutionize and enhance the teaching-learning experience in educational settings. It is quite clear that a thoughtful and strategic implementation of AI promises to improve the efficiency, personalization, and overall effectiveness of education, thus paving the way for a brighter and more adaptive educational landscape.
Development of E-Modules Based on Project Learning in Vocational High Schools
Authors: Al Hanif Muharikh , Santosa Budi
Published: August 2024

Research objectives is for developing e-modules based learning project that can support skills 21st century on the Basic Automotive Engineering lessons at School Intermediate Vocational / Vocational School. Research methods use ADDIE model with five stages, i. e Analyse, Design, Develop, Implement & Evaluate model (Branch, 2009). Analyze stage done for identify needs and challenges in learning the basics of automotive engineering as well as gather input from the stakeholders’ interests. Design and develop stage involve designing and creating e-modules based learning appropriate project with characteristics eye lessons and needs students. After e-module developed, stage implement product done for evaluate feasibility and effectiveness in support learning. Research and development results are: (1) basic learning of automotive engineering at Muhammadiyah Sungai Bahar Vocational High School is currently carried out using lecture, demonstration, and assignment methods; (2) the results of the development of basic automotive engineering learning at Vocational High Schools, namely by utilizing e-modules based on integrated project learning innovation skills; (3) the results of the homogeneity test of significance values in the control and experimental groups are based on an average value of 0.247 which is greater than (>) 0.05. Based on the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, the significance value is greater (>) than 0.05. The results of this research can improve the quality of learning in basic automotive engineering subjects using e-module technology based on integrated project learning innovation skills.
Results of ongoing mapping of Bolbelasmus unicornis (Schrank, 1789) (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae): the second addendum to the biogeographical study from 2022, with a literature review and new records of B. keithi Miessen & Trichas, 2011 and B. nireus (Reitter, 1895)
Authors: JUŘENA DANIEL , LAUŠ BORIS , MANCI COSMIN-OVIDIU , CSÉFALVAY ROMAN
Published: August 2024

The results of ongoing research on the distribution of the European unicorn earth-borer beetle Bolbelasmus unicornis (Schrank, 1789) are presented, including occurrence data from 47 new localities: 15 Hungarian, 12 Croatian, 7 Romanian, 7 Slovak, 3 Ukrainian, and 2 Austrian localities. Furthermore, the fifth and most recent record of the species from Bosnia and Herzegovina is given, although dating from 1972. The first historical record of the species from a locality in Germany (Regensburg) was discovered in an overlooked work by Franz de Paula von Schrank dating from the end of the 18th century. Similarly, a record of the species from the 1950s from Moldova representing one of five localities reported from that country was discovered in an overlooked paper by Sergey Ivanovich Medvedev and Dora Samoylovna Shapiro. All new or newly discovered records have been added to four distribution maps provided in this addendum. Bolbelasmus unicornis is currently known from 435 localities in 20 countries, but only 12 of these countries have recent records. For each of the countries, an overview of sources with records of the species is given. An updated seasonal dynamics graph was generated based on the data complemented with new records from the countries into which the Pannonian Basin extends. In addition, new occurrence data of the very similar and probably closely related congeners B. keithi Miessen & Trichas, 2011 and B. nireus (Reitter, 1895) are presented and have been added to the distribution map of B. unicornis and East Mediterranean species of the genus Bolbelasmus. A review of the literature with records of both species is also given, as well as maps of their distribution. Bolbelasmus nireus is delisted from Syria based on a correction of the type locality interpretation. A table with the list of literature sources containing descriptions of immature stages of the representatives of the subfamily Bolboceratinae known to date is provided, as well as corrections for minor errors and omissions that were noted in the previous studies.
Approach to cardiac masses: Thinking inside and outside the box
Authors: De Maria Elia
Published: August 2024

In this editorial we comment on the article by Huffaker et al, published in the current issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases . Cardiac masses encompass a broad range of lesions, potentially involving any cardiac structure, and they can be either neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Primitive cardiac tumors are rare, while metastases and pseudotumors are relatively common. Cardiac masses frequently pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Multimodality imaging is fundamental for differential diagnosis, treatment, and surgical planning. In particular cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is currently the gold standard for noninvasive tissue characterization. CMR allows evaluation of the relationship between the tumor and adjacent structures, detection of the degree of infiltration or expansion of the mass, and prediction of the possible malignancy of a mass with a high accuracy. Different flow charts of diagnostic work-up have been proposed, based on clinical, laboratory and imaging findings, with the aim of helping physicians approach the problem in a pragmatic way ( “thinking inside the box”). However, the clinical complexity of cancer patients, in particular those with rare syndromes, requires a multidisciplinary approach and an open mind to go beyond flow charts and diagnostic algorithms, in other words the ability to “think outside the box”.
Stroke: Evolution of newer treatment modalities for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Nag Deb Sanjay , Swain Amlan , Sahu Seelora , Sen Biswajit , Vatsala  , Parween Sadiya
Published: August 2024

Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Restoration of cerebral blood flow to affected ischemic areas has been the cornerstone of therapy for patients for eligible patients as early diagnosis and treatment have shown improved outcomes. However, there has been a paradigm shift in the management approach over the last decade, and with the emphasis currently directed toward including newer modalities such as neuroprotection, stem cell treatment, magnetic stimulation, anti-apoptotic drugs, delayed recanalization, and utilization of artificial intelligence for early diagnosis and suggesting algorithm-based management protocols.
Uveitis glaucoma hyphema syndrome as a result of glaucoma implant: A case report
Authors: Altwijri Rahaf Jalal , Alsirhy Ehab
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Glaucoma is caused by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) that damages the optic nerve, leading to blindness. The Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) is a glaucoma drainage implant device that is used in glaucoma patients with uncontrolled IOP. A possible complication after any ocular surgery however is hyphema, which can itself progress to uveitis glaucoma hyphema (UGH) syndrome on rare occasions. UGH syndrome has not yet been reported as a complication of AGV implantation.

CASE SUMMARY

Here, we have reported a case of a 55-year-old female who developed both hyphema and pigmentation as a result of AGV implantation. We confirmed UGH syndrome secondary to AGV implantation after the patient underwent another surgery to shorten and reposition the AGV tube. After the second surgery, the patient’s IOP was reduced, and she had a clear cornea and no signs of hyphema.

CONCLUSION

This first report of UGH syndrome as a complication of AGV implantation reminds clinicians that frequent follow-up is paramount.
Early pirfenidone treatment enhances lung function in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients
Authors: Zhang Jin-Wei
Published: August 2024

This editorial comments on the study by Lei et al investigating the efficacy of early treatment with pirfenidone on the lung function of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) published. This study evaluates the efficacy of early treatment with pirfenidone on lung function in patients with IPF. The early and advanced stages of IPF are defined, highlighting the drug's benefits. While prior research indicates pirfenidone's effectiveness in advanced IPF, this study focuses on its advantages in early stages. The study emphasizes the importance of computed tomography imaging alongside biochemical data and lung function tests for a comprehensive analysis of symptom relief. Results show that early intervention with pirfenidone significantly reduces disease progression and preserves lung function, underscoring its potential as a critical treatment strategy in early IPF.
Supplemental data for "An Automated On-the-Go Unloading System Reduces Harvest Operator Stress Relative to Manual Operation"
Authors: Burgers Travis , Kamarei Kusha , Vora Mukund
Published: August 2024

**Dataset information**

-machine-operator_usage.csv

This file contains the data for the machine-operator usage for July, October, and November for three grain cart tractors. This is the data for Figure 3.

The table includes the following variables for machine-powered days:

day, machine ID, time spent driving at slow speed, time at medium speed, time at fast speed, time machine was powered before harvesting, time machine was powered after harvesting, time stationary during harvesting, total time machine was powered, total distance travelled

**Dataset information**

-stress_combine.csv

-stress_grain_cart.csv

These files contain the stress rate and other unloading data for each on-the-go unload event (the ones that qualified for stress analysis). This the data for Figures 4–9.

These tables include the following variables for unload events:

unload ID, state, crop, unload event start time, unload event end time, automation type, duration auger on, automation time percentage, number of stressful events, number of invalid wristband data points, mean tractor speed, mean combine speed, stress rate, combine operator experience, stress rate manual mean, subject-normalized stress rate, combine operator ID, grain cart operator experience, grain cart operator ID

**Dataset information**

-XTEt_XTEc.csv

This file contains cross-track error (XTE) standard deviation (SD) data from each on-the-go unload event that was used to evaluate steering performance. This is the data for Figure 10.

The table includes the following variables for unload events:

unload ID, state, crop, unload event start time, unload event end time, automation type, duration auger on, automation time percentage, mean tractor speed, mean combine speed, XTE SD combine, XTE SD tractor
The effects of music therapy program with the hand manipulation on the depression and cognition in elderly women with mild depression
Authors: Lee Jung Min , Kwon Young-Kyu , Lee Dong Ju
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of music therapy combined with hand manipulation on depression and cognition in elderly women with mild depression.Methods: In order to investigate the effects of a music therapy program through hand, 20 elderly women with a GDS-K score of 14-18 were selected among women aged 65 to 84 living in Busan. The 10 subjects in the experimental group were given the music therapy program 3 times a week for 4 weeks, 12 sessions, and the 10 subjects in the control group were not given it. GDS-K and K-MoCA were performed before and after the experiment, and data analysis was performed through Wilcoxon's test using the SPSS 24.0 statistical package program.Results: The music therapy program through hand manipulation is effective in reducing depression in elderly women with mild depression, and there was a significant decrease. The sub-domains of depression, such as tension and depressive emotions, life dissatisfaction, lethargy, cognitive difficulties, low energy, and loss of motivation, were significantly reduced. In addition, it has an effect on cognition, and it significantly increased in attention, delayed recall ability, which are sub-domains of cognition. There is a significant difference in depression between the experimental group and the control group, and there is a significant difference in cognition between the two groups.Conclusions: The music therapy program with hand manipulation has a positive effect on depression and cognition in elderly women with mild depression
Predicting Hydraulic Oil Thermophysical Properties Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Authors: Al-Issa Ahmad , Weber Jürgen
Published: August 2024

The thermophysical properties of hydraulic oil, density, viscosity, thermal expansion, and compressibility, are pivotal factors influencing the functioning of hydraulic systems. With the multitude of hydraulic oils available for use, conducting numerous experiments to determine their specifications under different temperatures and pressures, or devising new empirical correlations, becomes a costly and time-consuming endeavour. Therefore, it becomes imperative to establish an efficient and comprehensive model based on minimal experimental data. This study adopts Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to design new correlation model to predict variations in hydraulic oil specifications using only 30 empirical data sets as a best-case scenario, enabling the prediction of 10,000 points spanning temperatures (20–100)∘C and pressures (0–300) bar. The results derived from the PINN model exhibit favourable high accuracy, reaching up to 99.96% when compared to empirical correlations results.
Parametric Stability Analysis of Pneumatic Valves Using Convex Optimization
Authors: Carvalho Gabriel de , Massioni Paolo , Bideaux Eric , Sesmat Sylvie , Bristiel Frédéric
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a stability analysis procedure of fluid power components according to some early design parameters. It is based on the numerical determination of the existence of a Lyapunov function, which guarantees the required performance. This is formulated as an optimization problem under Linear Matrix Inequalities constraints (LMIs). The model-based procedure is illustrated with an application to a pneumatic two-stage pressure regulation valve. The results show the method capability to provide a better understanding of the possible causes of the valve’s instability and how it can be avoided at an early design stage by tuning the physical parameters in order to guarantee a desired dynamical behavior and improve system robustness.