bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Callus induction in papaya (Carica papaya L.) and synseed production for low temperature storage and cryopreservation
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A.
Published: April 2015

The mid- to long-term preservation of papaya (Carica papaya L.) would allow for the safeguarding of important germplasm. In this study, soft friable callus (SFC) and hard callus (HC) were induced from the first two true leaves of 10-day-old seedlings containing a midrib derived from the germinated seed of two cultivars (‘Rainbow’ and ‘Sunrise Solo’). Following germination on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium that contained 3% sucrose and was free of plant growth regulators (PGRs), sections of the first true leaves from 10-day-old seedlings were exposed to seven published callus or somatic embryogenesis protocols for zygotic embryos, leaves or hypocotyls. Optimal SFC and HC induction was carried out on a half-strength MS medium following the Fitch (1993) or the Ascêncio-Cabral et al. (2008) protocol, respectively. SFC formed shoots that could then convert to plants when transferred to a full-strength MS medium devoid of PGRs. Plantlets 10-cm tall were acclimatised in two steps: first by in vitro acclimatisation in aerated vessels, the Vitron, under CO2-enriched (3000 ppm CO2), then by the transfer of individually rooted plantlets in Rockwool® blocks to a substrate of soil: pine bark : perlite (1:1:1, v/v/v). SFC and HC were then encapsulated in alginate beads, which were exposed to low temperature storage (LTS) at 10°C and 15°C, and also cryopreserved for 30 days. All encapsulated alginate beads that contained SFC, HC or leaf tissue that had been stored under LTS or cryopreserved were able to regenerate callus when placed on an optimal callus induction medium. Plants derived from the control, LTS and cryopreservation protocols, either from SFC or HC, were successfully acclimatised.
Characteristics of health-promoting schools from Iranian adolescents’ point of view
Authors: Shahhosseini Zohreh , Simbar Masoumeh , Ramezankhani Ali
Published: April 2015

Aim: Although characteristics of health-promoting schools are mentioned in the World Health Organization guidelines, different countries need to design more details of indicators for assessing these schools according to their social and cultural context. The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics of health-promoting schools from Iranian adolescent girls’ point of view.

Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2010 middle school and high school female adolescents were selected from randomly selected schools in Mazandaran province, Iran. They completed a self-completion questionnaire around their views about characteristics of health- promoting schools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an independent t-test.

Results: It is revealed that from Iranian adolescents’ point of view the most important feature of health-promoting schools was the schools with no stressful exams and where notices are kindly given to students for their mistakes.

Conclusion: The results suggest that there is a need for more measurable standards of health-promoting schools based on the socio-cultural context of both developing and developed countries.
Towards a Historical Semantic of the Bedouin, Seventh to Fifteenth Centuries: A Survey
Authors: Leder Stefan
Published: April 2015

Arabic literature is exceptionally rich in references to the Bedouin component of society. The main terms used by Arabic authors to refer to the Bedouin and their ways of life reveal the significant approach to nomadism in the Near East and Arabic North Africa and expose specific concepts which changed over time. Arabic terminology, in our reading, does not support a sharp and categorical dichotomy between sedentary and Bedouin ways of life, although distinctions based on socially mediated normative contexts appear marked, and Bedouin may thus appear simply as a social category, so that their actual way of life may fade into insignificance. What we suggest is to explore the extent to which the category “Bedouin” is applied in different cultural and conceptual contexts. Various historical attitudes may be distinguished approximately, not only on the basis of the terms applied, but also in light of the semantic features determining their application. Whereas in the early Islamic period, Bedouin tribal groups (
Explorations in regional variation: A variational pragmatic perspective
Authors: Barron Anne
Published: April 2015

The present article introduces the Special Issue entitled “A Variational Pragmatic Approach to Regional Variation in Language”, a collection of papers which celebrates the work of Klaus P. Schneider (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany) on the occasion of his 60th birthday.
Epigenetic Modification of Nociceptive Mediators: Implications for the Etiology of Neural Hypersensitivity (Part I)
Authors: Xu Shiqin
Published: April 2015

Many factors have been identified contributing to the pathogenesis of pain, whereas we still cannot conquer the pain based on these findings suggesting that further studies are needed and other more potent mediators should be investigated. Epigenetics, in contrast to genetics, refers to the functionally relevant modifications to the genome that do not cause changes in underlying DNA sequence. These kinds of changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype regarded as landmarks of epigenetics are regulated by different types of modifications including gene methylation, histone acetylation, phosphorylation, imprinting and reprogramming etc. We, in this part (Part I), will review the general epigenetic modifications on molecular mediators on biological processes as the preface of the second part of the whole article (Part II will be available in the June issue of the journal). This general understanding of the epigenetic modification on the modulating factors that influence individual differences from pain sensitivity and responsiveness to analgesics possesses crucial clinical implications.
Comprehending and learning from Internet sources: A conceptual replication study of Goldman, Braasch, Wiley, Greasser and Brodowinska (2012)
Authors: Rott Susanne , Gavin Bianca
Published: April 2015

This investigation reports on a conceptual replication of Goldman et al. (2012) which sought to determine processing patterns of better and poorer learners as they attempted to comprehend and learn from seven textual sources on the Internet in their native language English. The aim of the current investigation was to explore how reading multiple textual sources in the L2 interacts with sense making, monitoring and evaluation processes during reading and researching on the Internet. Nineteen intermediate and advanced learners of German were asked to outline the position of the German government regarding immigration. L2 readers received a selection of five Internet sources which varied in reliability and appropriateness for the research assignment. Students’ reading behavior was recorded through thinkaloud protocols. The findings only partially replicated Goldman et al. Better learners used significantly more varied reading strategies overall than poorer learners. Their reading behavior was marked by greater use of self-explanation and monitoring. Better learners also skipped more unfamiliar words. Nevertheless, neither group of L2 readers employed reading and research skills that lead to a coherent intertext model fulfilling the goal of the research task.
DISCUSSION ON COASTAL ZONING IN VIETNAM
Authors: Thanh Tran Duc
Published: April 2015

Based on the criteria of geology-landform, climate-hydrology, ecology-biogeography, and land - sea interaction relationship, the Vietnamese coastal zone was divided into 3 coastal subzones consisting of 5 coastal regions and 11 coastal sections. The North subzone from Mong Cai to Hai Van cap is the place where interaction between the land of the Northern Vietnam with tropical monsoon and cold winter, and the marine part of North zone in the East Sea (South China Sea) with tropical monsoon happens. The transitional subzone, from Hai Van cap to Dai Lanh cap is the place where interaction between the land of Southern Vietnam with sub-equatorial monsoon and year-round warmth, and the marine part of North zone in the East Sea with tropical monsoon occurs. The South subzone, from Dai Lanh cap to Ha Tien is the place where interaction between the land of Southern Vietnam with sub-equatorial monsoon, and the marine part of South zone in the East Sea with sub-equatorial monsoon occurs.
Croton argenteus preparation inhibits initial growth, mitochondrial respiration and increase the oxidative stress from Senna occidentalis seedlings
Authors: RECH KATLIN S. , SILVA CRISTIANE B. , KULIK JULIANA D. , DIAS JOSIANE F.G. , ZANIN SANDRA M.W. , KERBER VITOR A. , OCAMPOS FERNANDA M.M. , DALARMI LUCIANE , SANTOS GEDIR O. , SIMIONATTO EUCLÉSIO , LIMA CRISTINA P. , MIGUEL OBDÚLIO G. , MIGUEL MARILIS D.
Published: April 2015

Senna ocidentalis is a weed, native to Brazil, considered to infest crops and plantations, and is responsible for yield losses of several crops, particularly soybean. The aim of this work was to evaluate if theCroton argenteus extract and fractions possess phytotoxic activity on S. ocidentalis. The crude ethanolic extract (CEE) and its hexanic (HF), chloroformic (CLF) and ethyl acetate (EAF) fractions were tested in germination, growth, oxidative stress increase, Adenosine triphosphate, L-malate and succinate synthesis. The crude extract and its fractions slowed down the germination of S. ocidentalis and decreased the final percentage of germination. Oxidative stress was also increased in the seedlings, by an increase of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and lipid peroxidation; and it became clear that the ethyl acetate fraction was more phytotoxic. The results indicate that the crude extract and fractions of C. argenteus compromise the mitochondrial energy metabolism, by the inhibition of mitochondrial ATP production, with a decrease in the production of L-malate and succinate. The ethyl acetate fraction of C. argenteus showed high activity on germination and growth, and these effects take place by means of mitochondrial metabolism alterations and increase the oxidative stress, leading the seedling death.
A INSTRUÇÃO PÚBLICA NA PROVíNCIA DO PARANÁ NO SÉCULO XIX: UMA INTERPRETAÇÃO A PARTIR DO TESTEMUNHO DE TRêS ALUNOS
Authors: Anjos Juarez José Tuchinski dos
Published: April 2015

A presente investigação, de cunho historiográfico, toma por fontes duas cartas cuja autoria é atribuída a três alunos que frequentaram duas das escolas públicas da Província do Paraná, no século XIX, e que foram publicadas no Jornal "O Dezenove de Dezembro", em 22 de abril de 1857. O objetivo é identificar que tipos de experiências emergem dessa documentação e o que tais experiências podem representar para o conjunto das interpretações históricas que vêm sendo produzidas, majoritariamente, a partir de fontes que têm adultos por autores. Inicialmente é feita a problematização desse corpus documental, questionando-o sobre sua autoria estudantil, bem como as possibilidades que oferece para a produção de conhecimento histórico. Em seguida, são analisadas ambas as cartas, primeiro em separado e depois conjuntamente. Ao final, são apontados os resultados obtidos por meio dessa operação historiográfica.
A HISTÓRIA A SER ENSINADA EM SÃO PAULO
Authors: Almeida Neto Antonio Simplicio de , Ciampi Helenice
Published: April 2015

Este artigo discute a proposta curricular São Paulo Faz Escola, implantada nas escolas públicas do Estado de São Paulo em 2008 e em vigor até o momento. Tal proposta unifica e prescreve conteúdos e procedimentos das diferentes disciplinas escolares por meio de materiais didáticos para professores, gestores e alunos, além de vídeos de formação continuada. São analisados os conteúdos da proposta curricular e a materialidade dos impressos didáticos destinados a professores e alunos, observando seus objetivos explícitos e implícitos, as concepções subjacentes de educação e de história, os conceitos mobilizados, suas contradições e as representações referentes aos diferentes sujeitos envolvidos. Destacamos, particularmente, a disciplina escolar história, que é abordada de forma linear, evolutiva e eurocêntrica - bem como os chamados grandes personagens e acontecimentos -, desconsiderando os debates e as iniciativas que vêm ocorrendo nesse campo curricular e historiográfico desde, pelo menos, os anos de 1980.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE CUSTO DIRETO E DESEMPENHO ESCOLAR: UMA ANÁLISE MULTIVARIADA NAS ESCOLAS DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE LONDRINA/PR
Authors: Amâncio-Vieira Saulo Fabiano , Borinelli Benilson , Negreiros Letícia Fernandes de , Dalmas José Carlos
Published: April 2015

O presente estudo analisa fatores relacionados ao desempenho discente nas escolas de Ensino Fundamental de Londrina (Paraná, Brasil), destacadamente o custo direto da educação. Como referencial teórico, adotaram-se os temas de avaliação de políticas públicas, bem como a relação entre custos e desempenho educacional no Brasil. A presente pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva e quantitativa, realizada por meio do censo das 67 escolas de Ensino Fundamental (anos iniciais) do município. Para análise dos dados, procedeu-se a: estatística exploratória, identificação de valores discrepantes, análise de componentes principais e análise de regressão linear múltipla. Como resultado, obteve-se modelo com coeficiente de explicação de 50,8%, tendo como variável dependente a média do desempenho dos alunos na Prova Brasil/Saeb de português e matemática. Nota-se que a experiência do docente, o custo social e o custo administrativo são as variáveis que explicam em maior grau o desempenho escolar dos discentes.
A importância do planejamento como prática de gestão na microrregião de saúde de São Mateus (ES)
Authors: Silva Bela Feiman Sapiertein , Wandekoken Kallen Dettmann , Dalbello-Araujo Maristela , Benito Gladys Amelia Vélez
Published: April 2015

Objetiva-se conhecer as representações sociais presentes nas narrativas das práticas dos gestores que atuam em São Mateus (ES), a respeito de como realizam o planejamento das ações e sobre a participação (ou não) dos trabalhadores e da população. A coleta indica duas ideias centrais: (1) planejamento - que é subdividida em: planejamento compartilhado; planejamento centralizado; e dificuldade de planejamento e (2) promover a participação popular. Conclui-se que os gestores, apesar de reconhecerem o valor de planejar as ações, praticam ações muito mais voltadas para a manutenção do sistema vigente do que para gerar mudanças com vistas à consolidação do SUS.
Redes de Atenção à Saúde: a percepção dos médicos trabalhando em serviços de urgência
Authors: Lima Diana Pereira , Leite Maísa Tavares de Souza , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: April 2015

Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção de médicos em serviços de urgência sobre as Redes de Atenção à Saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com referencial fenomenológico. O estudo foi realizado em três hospitais de uma capital brasileira. Os participantes foram médicos dos hospitais e plantonistas do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (Samu). Destacaram-se as dimensões: particularidades do médico da urgência, (des)integração e constituição das redes, movimentos do paciente na rede assistencial e interposição no ato profissional. As percepções suscitam a necessidade de intervenções que alinhem conceitos inerentes à organização em redes da atenção à concepção vivida na prática.
Acolhimento na visão complexa: ação coletiva emergente na Equipe de Saúde da Família
Authors: Rocha Suelen Alves , Spagnuolo Regina Stella
Published: April 2015

Pesquisa qualitativa que objetivou compreender a experiência da equipe com a prática do acolhimento na Estratégia Saúde da Família. O grupo focal conduzido com 13 integrantes da equipe, a análise de conteúdo sistematizou os dados. A Teoria da Complexidade e acolhimento-diálogo compuseram o referencial teórico. A equipe que atua como Sistema Dinâmico Complexo e Adaptativo pode ter o acolhimento como qualidade emergente. O potencializar das relações-encontros possibilita respostas diferentes aos modos de ser e agir do modelo newtoniano-mecanicista.
Saúde mental sob a ótica de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde: a percepção de quem cuida
Authors: Cabral Thamiris Maria Nascimento , Albuquerque Paulette Cavalcanti de
Published: April 2015

Este estudo buscou identificar a percepção de Agentes Comunitárias de Saúde (ACS) no tocante aos problemas de saúde mental na comunidade. Intervir junto a indivíduos em sofrimento psíquico é um desafio, pois a loucura é marcada por mitos negativos, o que sugere conhecer as concepções dos profissionais envolvidos no cuidado desses sujeitos. Para a realização da coleta de dados, foi utilizada a técnica do grupo focal, seguida de análise de conteúdo. Verificou-se que, embora as intervenções no campo da saúde mental estejam sendo revistas e realizadas de maneira mais abrangente nos últimos anos, as percepções das ACS ainda apoiam-se no imaginário popular, e o conceito amplo de saúde mental é pouco compreendido pela categoria.
Dificuldade de aprendizagem e saber idealizado no outro
Authors: Corrêa Crístia Rosineiri Gonçalves Lopes
Published: April 2015

O artigo discute, a partir da abordagem psicanalítica de Freud e Lacan, a relevante problemática das dificuldades de aprendizagem quando se apresentam na vertente sintomática. Argumenta que de um lado a aprendizagem se sustenta na suposição de que o Outro sabe, mas, de outro, podemos verificar nos quadros de dificuldade de aprendizagem vicissitudes que colocam em questão a relação do sujeito com o saber e que nos conduzem para outra dimensão dessa problemática do estatuto do saber no Outro. Trata-se nesse campo somente de um Outro que não sabe ou pode emergir também um Outro cujo saber é excessivamente idealizado? Nesse sentido, o artigo trata da dimensão do Ideal presente nas dificuldades de aprendizagem.
Estéticas da diversão nos "mortos-vivos" contemporâneos
Authors: Arreguy Marília Etienne
Published: April 2015

O presente ensaio visa refletir sobre a diversão com uma estética da violência nos cult moviese alguns de seus efeitos na subjetividade contemporânea. Toma por base o referencial psicanalítico cotejado com a perspectiva crítica de Theodor Adorno. O texto utiliza o conceito de diversãocomo fonte de crítica à indústria cultural, no intuito de demonstrar o modo em que certa estética da violência produz uma espécie de sublimação passiva e alienante em boa parte dos sujeitos, que passam a representar, sobretudo do ponto de vista político, uma espécie de "mortos-vivos", ou seja, de zumbis impotentes, como atestam as análises de Slavoj Žižek. O filme Funny games[Violência gratuita] de Michael Haneke ilustra essa análise.
O cine-pensamento de Deleuze: contribuições a uma concepção estético-política da subjetividade
Authors: Farina Juliane Tagliari , Fonseca Tania Mara Galli
Published: April 2015

O presente artigo propõe a leitura dos livros Cinema I: Imagem-Movimento e Cinema II: Imagem-Tempo, de Gilles Deleuze, como uma proposta do filósofo para que encontremos no cinema da imagem-tempo uma imagem não dogmática do pensamento anunciada na obra Diferença e Repetição, encaminhando, assim, novas concepções ao pensamento de uma subjetividade implicada estética e politicamente. Para tal, o autor parte das concepções bergsonianas de imagem, tempo e memória para complexificar as noções de percepção, imagem, movimento e tempo, chegando, por fim, à vidência de um tempo puro e virtual, tornando o falsário o personagem conceitual tanto do cinema como do pensamento.
"Classe média" para a indústria cultural
Authors: Almeida Heloisa Buarque de
Published: April 2015

Este artigo retoma pesquisas anteriores para refletir sobre a noção de "classe média" no meio publicitário e de marketing, noção muito usada para definir a audiência da televisão, mídia de grande repercussão nacional. O período dos anos 1970 a 2000, pesquisado anteriormente, auxilia a compreensão de como se formou o mercado consumidor nacional e o que tem sido propagado pela imprensa escrita como uma mudança social (uma ampliação e formação de uma nova classe média), mas sugiro que a "nova classe C" representa apenas a ampliação do consumo de bens industrializados. Para tanto, recorro a pesquisas anteriores feitas sobre o mercado anunciante de TV, o meio publicitário e de marketing, e a lógica da pesquisa de audiência de TV, como feita pelo Ibope.
Soil macrofauna in wooded pasture with legume trees
Authors: Silva Lusimar Lamarte Gonzaga Galindo da , Resende Alexander Silva de , Dias Paulo Francisco , Correia Maria Elizabeth Fernandes , Scoriza Rafael Nogueira
Published: April 2015

Grasslands afforestation aims at adding different soil uses in a way they become profitable for their owners. As such handling aims at minimizing impacts, the current study had as its goal the use of soil macrofauna in order to evaluate legume afforestation effects on the soil, regardless the depth. Thus, nitrogen fixing species were inserted onto grassland areas and the macrofauna collection was performed 6 years after their planting in the 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20.30cm layers, in winter and summer. Leguminous influence was different between depths and times of the year. It mostly favors communities under "Mimosa" Genus treetops. Besides, the effects from climatic seasonal variations on invertebrates were mitigated by the implementation of such legume trees
Primary bilateral guttural pouch empyema in a two-month-old foal
Authors: Dias Deborah Penteado Martins , Bernardi Nara Saraiva , Queiroz Daniela Junqueira de
Published: April 2015

The present report describes a 2-month-old foal which signs of respiratory infectious disease, bilateral retropharyngeal swelling and nasal mucopurulent discharge, suggesting guttural pouch empyema. The owners reported that the foal lived in a herd that experienced an outbreak of strangles. Foals younger than 3 months are usually protected against infectious diseases, however in this case, the foal was exposed to an environment heavily populated by Streptococcus equi equi during the outbreak of strangles. Although uncommon in such young animals, the foal was infected and developed a primary bilateral guttural pouch empyema, without signs of lymph nodes alteration
Temporal profile of antimicrobial resistance exhibited by strains of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from cases of bovine mastitis for 20 years (1992-2011)
Authors: Kowalski Ananda Paula , Maboni Grazieli , Espindola Julia Pires , Foletto Ariane , Bandeira Junior Guerino , Pötter Luciana , Botton Sônia de Avila , Vargas Agueda Castagna de
Published: April 2015

Records of in vitro susceptibility tests performed between 1992 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed in order to evaluate the dynamic profiles of possible changes in antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from milk samples of cows with mastitis during two decades. The results of 2,430 isolates tested by disk diffusion technique for susceptibility to oxacillin, penicillin, ampicillin, cephalexin, norfloxacin, tetracycline, sulfazotrim, gentamicin, and neomycin were analysed. Comparisons were performed between the percentages of resistance to antimicrobials and their classes and also between the decades studied. Additionally, the possible tendency or changes in the behaviour of these pathogens against the major drugs used in the last two decades were evaluated using regression analysis. The highest rates of resistance (P<0.0001) were observed for the beta-lactams (34.3%), with exception of cephalexin (6.9%), and for the tetracyclines (28%). Similar resistance rates (7.6% to 15.7%) were observed among the other drugs. Regression analysis showed a reduction in resistance to penicillin and ampicillin throughout the period, whilst for oxacillin and neomycin a decrease in the resistance was observed during the first decade, followed by an increase. A trend towards decreased resistance was found for sulfazotrim, whereas for the other antimicrobials no decrease was observed. The results indicated no trend towards increased resistance for most antimicrobials tested. Nevertheless, it is necessary to monitor the resistance patterns of these pathogens in order to save these drugs as a therapeutic reserve
Federalism, the Economic-Industrial Health Care Complex and High-Cost Pharmaceutical Assistance in Brazil
Authors: Fonseca Elize Massard da , Costa Nilson do Rosario
Published: April 2015

Brazil has a relevant, although relatively unknown, special medicines programme that distributes high-cost products, such as drugs needed for cancer treatments. In 2009, the purchase of these medicines became the responsibility of the Brazilian Federal Government. Until then, there were no clear norms regarding the responsibilities, in terms of the management/financing of these medicines, of the Brazilian Federal Government and of the states themselves. This qualitative study analyses the policy process needed to transfer this programme to the central government. The study examines the reports of the Tripartite Commission between 2000 and 2012, and in-depth interviews with eleven key informants were conducted. The study demonstrates that throughout the last decade, institutional changes have been made in regard to the federal management of these programmes (such as recentralisation of the purchasing of medicines). It concludes that these changes can be explained because of the efficiency of the coordinating mechanisms of the Federal Government. These findings reinforce the idea that the Ministry of Health is the main driver of public health policies, and it has opted for the recentralisation of activities as a result of the development project implicit in the agenda of the Industrial and Economic Heal
The historic data series on AIDS in the state of Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Pedrosa Nathália Lima , Paiva Simone de Sousa , Almeida Rosa Lívia Freitas de , Holanda Eliane Rolim de , Kerr Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz
Published: April 2015

This study describes the historic records on AIDS in the Brazilian state of Ceará, with analysis by gender, age group and race. It is a descriptive, retrospective, ecological study, analyzing 7,896 notifications of cases of AIDS, of people aged 13 and above, resident in the Ceará, over the period 2001 through 2011. Percentage occurrences and other data were calculated based on the variables gender, age group and race. Average and comparison tests were made, considering p < 0.05 and the trend line. There is a progressive increase in the number of cases. The majority of cases are in men. The ratio between the sexes falls from 2003 through 2007, but the number of women is still lower overall in the period. Higher rates of occurrence were found between the ages of 30 and 39, and of those with black-white mixed-race skin color (80%). Based on the variables studied in the series that was analyzed, the results indicate a need for differentiated strategies in prevention and control of the disease in the state.
Health and Labour from the Perspective of Railway Dock workers in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Costa Valdecir , Souza Katia Reis , Teixeira Liliane Reis , Hedlund Charles Jopar , Fernandes Filho Luiz Antonio , Cardoso Letícia Silveira
Published: April 2015

The main goal of this study is to understand and analyse the perspective of dockworkers on health and labour at the Railway Dry Port of the Municipality of Uruguaiana in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Sixteen dockworkers participated in the study under the methodological approach of qualitative research. The fieldwork was conducted through individual interviews by applying a semi-structured research script with open-ended questions. For the data analysis, the "discourse analysis" method was adopted, leading to the definition of five thematic categories of interpretation. From the perspective of dockworkers, dock work differs in both the weight of toil, which is hard and intense, and the sense of satisfaction regarding the collaborative and collective aspect of labour, emphasising the human side of labour. Several reports on work accidents and the identification of hazards that may be avoided by implementing changes in the organisation and work conditions were also noted.
Challenges in the coordination of children's healthcare
Authors: Silva Rosane Meire Munhak da , Sobrinho Reinaldo Antônio da Silva , Neves Eliane Tatsch , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira , Viera Cláudia Silveira
Published: April 2015

This is a qualitative survey with a hermeneutic-dialectic frame of reference, designed to identify how parents and caregivers see the attribute 'coordination' in children's healthcare, in terms of resolving problems in children's health. The interview was held with 16 people responsible for care of children under one year of age, served in Emergency Care Units of a municipality in the south of Brazil, in 2010. With the thematic analysis, the central category was identified as: Effects and results of fragile coordination in Children's Primary Health Care, with the following themes: Divergences between different health units in the organization of care; functional barriers and delays obstructing access to technologies; absence of effective communication; absence of medical transport; need for healthcare on an individual basis; and coordination involving management of healthcare. It was concluded that the absence of coordination results in the absence of a solution-based approach in healthcare for children under one year old, showing gaps in the organization of the services and in health management, since communication, access to technologies, referral and counter-referral systems, and secure transport become essential for organizing primary care services and offering fully rounded care to the child.
Quality of primary health care: an analysis of avoidable hospitalizations in a Minas Gerais county, Brazil
Authors: Avelino Carolina Costa Valcanti , Goyatá Sueli Leiko Takamatsu , Nogueira Denismar Alves , Rodrigues Ludmila Barbosa Bandeira , Siqueira Sarah Maria Souza
Published: April 2015

The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of primary health care based on avoidable hospitalizations of men and women of all ages, from 2008 to 2012 in Alfenas County in the south of Minas Gerais state. This was an ecological study based on data from the Hospital Information System (HIS). The medical diagnoses selected for the study were pneumonia, diabetes mellitus and diseases of the circulatory system. There was a predominance of elderly males diagnosed with pneumonia, with an average hospital stay of five days. Admission rates for diseases of the circulatory system and diabetes mellitus tended to remain stable during the study period. While for pneumonia there was a tendency of growth that reached a plateau in early March 2009, bringing the average rate up from 2.01 to 3.51. The data suggest that primary health care is poorly organized to meet these diagnoses, particularly for pneumonia.
Emergency room visits due to external causes and alcohol consumption - Capitals and the Federal District, Brazil, 2011
Authors: Mascarenhas Márcio Dênis Medeiros , Neves Alice Cristina Medeiros das , Monteiro Rosane Aparecida , Silva Marta Maria Alves da , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: April 2015

The study objective was to describe the profile and factors related to alcohol consumption among emergency room visits by external causes. It is a cross-sectional study with data from the Survey of Violence and Injuries in Emergency between September and October 2011, in 24 state capitals and the Federal District. Statistical analysis were performed for all cases treated in selected services, comparing the characteristics of the victims, according to the statement of alcohol consumption. 33,289 visits to emergency rooms by external causes in the population above 18 years of age were included. The prevalence of self-reported statement of alcohol consumption among these services was 14.9% for the 24 capitals and the Federal District, and was significantly higher among visits by violent causes than by accidents. For both accidents and violence the associated causes were victims male, black/brown, less educated, members of specific populations, occurrences on public roads. The results support global discussions on the importance of establishing policies and legal measures to restrict the consumption of alcohol and vehicular direction, control advertising of alcoholic beverages, and laws normalizing the functioning of sales points of alcoholic beverages.
Tomographic anatomy of the vena cava and renal veins: features relevant to vena cava filter placement
Authors: Espírito Santo Thiago Melo do , Bacalhau Fernando , Paschôa Adilson Ferraz , van Bellen Bonno , Austin Igor , Raci Douglas
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND: There is a growing demand for invasive procedures involving the inferior vena cava, in particular for placement of vena cava filters. It is not always easy to identify the more distal renal vein with cavography, for safe release of filters. OBJECTIVES: To determine parameters for the relationships between the renal veins and the infrarenal vena cava and their corresponding vertebral bodies, their relationships with biotype and the occurrence of anatomic variations, the relationships between vertebral bodies and the bifurcation of the common iliac veins and the distance from this bifurcation to the outflow of the more distal renal vein, with reference to placement of vena cava filters. METHODS: A total of 150 abdominal computed tomography scans conducted from October to November 2011 were analyzed and classified according to the biotype exhibited (using Charpy's angle). Scans were performed at MEDIMAGEM and analyzed at the Integrated Vascular Surgery Service, both part of Hospital da Beneficência Portuguesa in São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: In 127 of the 150 scans analyzed (84.66%), the more distal renal vein emerged between the first lumbar intervertebral space (L1-L2) and the body of L2, irrespective of patient biotype. Just 23 patients (15.33%) exhibited a more distal renal vein with outflow below the body of L2, i.e. in the projection of the space between L2 and L3. CONCLUSIONS: The radiological correlation between the confluence of the more distal renal vein and vertebral bodies exhibits little variation, irrespective of the biotype of the patient.
Iliac vein compression syndrome: literature review
Authors: Cavalcante Leonardo Pessoa , Souza José Emerson dos Santos , Pereira Raquel Magalhães , Bernardes Marcos Velludo , Amanajás Alan Maurice da Silva , Parisati Marcos Henrique , Rocha Ricardo Dias da , Araújo Antônio Oliveira de
Published: April 2015

Iliac vein compression syndrome is a clinical condition in which the right common iliac artery extrinsically compresses the left common iliac vein. The syndrome predominantly affects young women between their 2nd and 4th decades of life. In view of the syndrome's potential complications, it should be recognized/diagnosed and treated in symptomatic patients before it causes irreversible damage to patients' venous systems. Noninvasive methods, such as venous color Doppler US are reasonable screening methods, but angiotomography and magnetic resonance angiography are more reliable diagnostic tools and the method of choice for confirmation of diagnosis remains multi-plane phlebography with measurement of pressure gradients. Endovascular treatment (angioplasty with placement of self-expanding stents) is safe and effective and can replace open surgical reconstruction and/or anticoagulation alone.
Surgical treatment of chronic aortoiliac occlusion
Authors: Lucas Márcio Luís , Deibler Lúcia , Erling Jr. Nilon , Lichtenfels Eduardo , Aerts Newton
Published: April 2015

BACKGROUND: Chronic aortoiliac occlusion (CAIO) is a significant cause of lower limb ischemia and is often found in young patients who smoke. OBJECTIVE: To review recent results achieved treating CAIO patients with open surgery. METHODS: From November 2011 to April 2014, 21 patients with CAIO were treated at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Demographic data, comorbidities, clinical presentation and surgical results were analyzed. RESULTS: Eleven women and ten men were treated with direct aortic bypass (DAB; n=18) or with extra-anatomic bypass (EAD; n=3). Mean age was 53.7 ± 7.3 years (range: 43-79 years) and all patients smoked. Thirteen patients (62%) had critical ischemia. Six of the patients treated with DAB (33.4%) also required additional revascularization (3 renal and 3 femoropopliteal procedures). Perioperative mortality was zero. Four patients (22.2%) suffered transitory renal dysfunction, but only one patient (5.6%) required hemodialysis. Median follow-up time was 17 months (range: 2-29 months) and there was just one late death, from ischemic heart disease, 7 months after the surgery on the abdominal aorta. CONCLUSIONS: Aortic reconstruction is a safe method for treating patients with CAIO, with low perioperative morbidity and mortality rates.
Impact of Retirements and Pensions on the Social Welfare of the Households from Minas Gerais State
Authors: Reis Paulo Ricardo da Costa , Silveira Suely de Fátima Ramos , Braga Marcelo José , Costa Thiago de Melo Teixeira da
Published: April 2015

One of the main arguments for the existence of public social security systems relates to their potential use as income distribution and welfare policy tools. In this vein, several studies have sought to evaluate the effects of social security benefits on poverty and inequality. However, the evidence obtained from Brazilian studies regarding the effects of social security remains inconclusive, and studies evaluating the impact of social security on social welfare indices are scarce. The objective of this paper is to measure the impact of retirement and pensions provided by social security programs on the welfare level of households in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The methodological approach is based on propensity score matching, and microdata from the National Household Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios - PNAD, 2009) are used. The results demonstrate that income from retirement and pensions represents an important portion of beneficiary households' income, especially lower-income beneficiary households. The results suggest that social security has a positive effect on the incomes, access to knowledge and living conditions of the households analyzed. The impact of retirement and pensions on households in low-income groups (Classes D and E) tends to be more significant relative to the impact on middle class households (Class C).
Do Shared Interests Affect the Accuracy of Budgets?
Authors: Beuren Ilse Maria , Beck Franciele , Popik Fabiane
Published: April 2015

The creation of budgetary slack is a phenomenon associated with various behavioral aspects. This study focuses on accuracy in budgeting when the benefit of the slack is shared between the unit manager and his/her assistant. In this study, accuracy is measured by the level of slack in the budget, and the benefit of slack represents a financial consideration for the manager and the assistant. The study aims to test how shared interests in budgetary slack affect the accuracy of budget reports in an organization. To this end, an experimental study was conducted with a sample of 90 employees in management and other leadership positions at a cooperative that has a variable compensation plan based on the achievement of organizational goals. The experiment conducted in this study is consubstantiated by the study of Church, Hannan and Kuang (2012), which was conducted with a sample of undergraduate students in the United States and used a quantitative approach to analyze the results. In the first part of the experiment, the results show that when budgetary slack is not shared, managers tend to create greater slack when the assistant is not aware of the creation of slack; these managers thus generate a lower accuracy index than managers whose assistants are aware of the creation of slack. When budgetary slack is shared, there is higher average slack when the assistant is aware of the creation of slack. In the second part of the experiment, the accuracy index is higher for managers who prepare the budget with the knowledge that their assistants prefer larger slack values. However, the accuracy level differs between managers who know that their assistants prefer maximizing slack values and managers who do not know their assistants' preference regarding slack. These results contribute to the literature by presenting evidence of managers' behavior in the creation of budgetary slack in scenarios in which they share the benefits of slack with their assistants.
Primeiro registro de ocorrência de Hemerobius gaitoi Monserrat, 1996 e Hemerobius hernandezi Monserrat, 1996 (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) para o estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Silva Marise , Lara Rogéria Inês Rosa , Souza Brígida
Published: April 2015

O presente estudo relata, pela primeira vez, a ocorrência de Hemerobius gaitoi Monserrat, 1996 e Hemerobius hernandezi Monserrat, 1996 (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) para o estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil.
O Conhecimento Didático de Estatística de Duas Professoras de Matemática sobre Dados Bivariados
Authors: Quintas Sandra Maria Oliveira , Ferreira Antónia Rosa O. F. T. , Oliveira Hélia Margarida A. P.
Published: April 2015

Este artigo debruça-se sobre o conhecimento didático de duas professoras de Matemática no ensino de dados bivariados e suas relações, no tema da Estatística na disciplina de Matemática A, do ensino secundário em Portugal. Em particular, são analisadas as dimensões do conhecimento do ensino, do conhecimento dos alunos e da aprendizagem e a forma como estas se relacionam entre si e com as outras dimensões do conhecimento didático de cada professora, principalmente a partir da observação da sua prática de sala de aula no 10.° ano. Os resultados evidenciam que, em diversos aspetos, não parece ser considerada pelas professoras a complexidade de que se reveste para os alunos o raciocínio sobre dados bivariados. Verifica-se, também, que existem noções e representações fundamentais que emergem a partir das situações que propõem nas aulas que não são exploradas com a devida profundidade.
Geometric morphometric analysis of cyclical body shape changes in color pattern variants of Cichla temensis Humboldt, 1821 (Perciformes: Cichlidae) demonstrates reproductive energy allocation
Authors: Reiss Paul , Grothues Thomas M.
Published: April 2015

Previously recognized color and pattern variants of adult Cichla temensis in Amazon flood pulse river environments reflect the cycling of individuals through seasonal sexual maturity and spawning. Individuals also vary in shape from blocky to fusiform. To determine if shape differences are related to patterns of fat reserve deposition and utilization, and to quantify the relationship of shape with color and pattern variation and life history status, specimens in each of four previously defined grades of color and pattern variation were compared using geometric morphometric techniques. Progressive shape changes occurred between grades independent of sex and correlated to gonosomatic index (GSI). Thin plate spline deformation visualizations indicate that the observed shape differences are related to fat deposition patterns. The seasonal timing of shape change and its link to color pattern variation, sexual maturity and local water level conditions suggests a relationship between the physiological and behavioral characteristics of C. temensis and the cyclical flood pulse pattern of its habitat.
A new deep-sea species of Barathronus Goode & Bean from Brazil, with notes on Barathronus bicolor Goode & Bean (Ophidiiformes: Aphyonidae)
Authors: Nielsen Jørgen G. , Mincarone Michael M. , Di Dario Fabio
Published: April 2015

A new species of Barathronus (Ophidiiformes: Aphyonidae) is described from a single, mature male specimen (101 mm SL) bottom trawled on the continental slope of Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil, between 1,964 and 2,045 m depth. The new species is diagnosed among congeners by the following combination of characters: peritoneum transparent, deep-set eyes not visible, eight fangs on vomer, anal fin rays 69, predorsal length 42.0% SL, preanal length 49.5% SL, penis long, slender, and lacking a pair of lobes at its base, and presence of a ventral flexure of the anterior 2-3 vertebrae. Additionally, morphological data of three specimens of Barathronus bicolor collected in Brazilian waters are presented and compared with those from 51 specimens from the western Central Atlantic.
Relato de uma experiência utilizando-se a clara de ovo na dermatite amoniacal no centro de convivência infantil do Instituto "Dante Pazzanese" de cardiologia
Authors: Silva Lindalva de Jesus da , Confalonieri Ana Maria de Mello Mesquita , Amorim Fabiane Soares de
Published: April 2015

As autoras deste trabalho se propõem mostrar a atuação de clara de ovo nas dermatites amoniacais, em crianças que freqüentam o Centro de Convivência Infantil do Instituto "Dante Pazzanese" de Cardiologia, avaliando a eficácia de sua utilização. Para isso, apresentam 35 casos de assadura ocorridos no período de janeiro a junho de 1988, com resultados satisfatórios.
DISCORDANCE BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AMONG HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AND WITH LIPOATROPHY/LIPOHYPERTROPHY SYNDROME
Authors: SOARES Lismeia Raimundo , SILVA Daniela Cardeal da , GONSALEZ Claudio R. , BATISTA Felipe G. , FONSECA Luiz Augusto M. , DUARTE Alberto J.S. , CASSEB Jorge
Published: April 2015

Introduction: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has improved and extended the lives of thousands of people living with HIV/AIDS around the world. However, this treatment can lead to the development of adverse reactions such as lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome (LLS) and its associated risks. Objective: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of self-reported lipodystrophy and nutritional status by anthropometric measurements in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods: An observational study of 227 adult patients in the Secondary Immunodeficiencies Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (3002 ADEE-HCFMUSP). The sample was divided into three groups; Group 1 = 92 patients on HAART and with self-reported lipodystrophy, Group 2 = 70 patients on HAART without self-reported lipodystrophy and Group 3 = 65 patients not taking HAART. The nutritional status of individuals in the study sample was determined by body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (% BF). The cardiovascular risk and diseases associated with abdominal obesity were determined by waist/hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC). Results: The prevalence of self-reported lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome was 33% among women and 59% among men. Anthropometry showed depletion of fat mass in the evaluation of the triceps (TSF) in the treatment groups with HAART and was statistically independent of gender; for men p = 0.001, and for women p = 0.007. Similar results were found in the measurement of skin folds of the upper and lower body (p = 0.001 and p = 0.003 respectively). In assessing the nutritional status of groups by BMI and % BF, excess weight and body fat were more prevalent among women compared to men (p = 0.726). The WHR and WC revealed risks for cardiovascular and other diseases associated with abdominal obesity for women on HAART and with self-reported LLS (p = 0.005) and (p = 0.011). Conclusions: Anthropometric measurements were useful in the confirmation of the prevalence of LLS. BMI alone does not appear to be a good parameter for assessing the nutritional status of HIV-infected patients on HAART and with LLS. Other anthropometric measurements are needed to evaluate patients with the lipoatrophy/lipohypertrophy syndrome.