bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empirical analysis and modeling of the allometric scaling of urban freight systems
Authors: Lin Xu-Jie , Liu Er-Jian , Yang Yitao , Jia Xiang-Yu , Yan Xiao-Yong
Published: June 2023

Heavy trucks which undertake the majority of freight volume play an important role in urban freight systems. By analyzing heavy truck trip data, we find a superlinear scaling relationship for heavy truck trips and a sublinear scaling relationship for heavy truck numbers relative to urban population size. Although these allometric scaling relationships that widely appear in nature and social systems have been explained by many models, a simple model that can cover a wide range of scaling exponents in these systems is still lacking. Here, we develop a partially mixing city operation model by quantifying the mixability of the urban population to explain why the superlinear and sublinear scaling exponents are in the range of 1 and

. This simple model not only helps us understand the mechanism of allometric scaling of urban freight systems, but also provides a new framework for other superlinear and sublinear scaling relationships in cities.
Remembering Aronowitz
Authors: Pelias Michael
Published: June 2023

Stanley Aronowitz was the archetypical organic intellectual, one who maintained critical theory in its most substantive and adaptive form. Never one to succumb to defeatism or intellectual retreat, he maintained the grand narrative of emancipatory politics and education. His immense range of inquiry is best articulated in four distinct yet overlapping periods that exemplify the theoretical foresight and relevance for future radical speculation and praxis.
When Stanley Aronowitz Went to Business School
Authors: Carter Chris , Harney Stefano
Published: June 2023

The authors reflect on Stanley Aronowitz's influence in the 2000s on the then emerging fields of critical accounting and critical management studies, recalling his visits to Leicester University, and the subsequent visit the authors organized together where Stanley was hosted for extended periods at Queen Mary University of London and St. Andrews University. Stanley's influence is still felt in UK institutions practicing a critical approach.
Effectors of anterior morphogenesis in C. elegans embryos
Authors: Balasubramaniam Boopathi , Topalidou Irini , Kelley Melissa , Meadows Sarina M. , Funk Owen , Ailion Michael , Fay David S.
Published: June 2023

During embryogenesis the nascent Caenorhabditis elegans epidermis secretes an apical extracellular matrix (aECM) that serves as an external stabilizer, preventing deformation of the epidermis by mechanical forces exerted during morphogenesis. At present, the factors that contribute to aECM function are mostly unknown, including the aECM components themselves, their posttranslational regulators, and the pathways required for their secretion. Here we showed that two proteins previously linked to aECM function, SYM-3/FAM102A and SYM-4/WDR44, colocalize to intracellular and membrane-associated puncta and likely function in a complex. Proteomics experiments also suggested potential roles for SYM-3/FAM102A and SYM-4/WDR44 family proteins in intracellular trafficking. Nonetheless, we found no evidence to support a critical function for SYM-3 or SYM-4 in the apical deposition of two aECM components, NOAH-1 and FBN-1. Moreover, loss of a key splicing regulator of fbn-1, MEC-8/RBPMS2, had surprisingly little effect on the abundance or deposition of FBN-1. Using a focused screening approach, we identified 32 additional proteins that likely contribute to the structure and function of the embryonic aECM. We also characterized morphogenesis defects in embryos lacking mir-51 microRNA family members, which display a similar phenotype to mec-8; sym double mutants. Collectively, these findings add to our knowledge of factors controlling embryonic morphogenesis.
The genome sequence of the narrow-cheeked clusterfly, Pollenia angustigena (Wainwright, 1940)
Authors: Falk Steven , Sivell Olga ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: June 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Pollenia angustigena (the narrow-cheeked clusterfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Polleniidae). The genome sequence is 1370.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 21.01 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 12,930 protein coding genes.
Is depressed mood clinically relevant at the onset of schizophrenia? A longitudinal study.
Authors: Pelizza Lorenzo , Leuci Emanuela , Quattrone Emanuela , Paulillo Giuseppina , Azzali Silvia , Pupo Simona , Pellegrini Pietro
Published: June 2023

Aim of the study

The aims of this investigation were: (1) to calculate baseline prevalence of FES patients with relevant depressed mood (DM), (2) to longitudinally monitor DM levels over a 12-month follow-up, and (3) to investigate their associations with clinical data and the specific treatment components of an “Early Intervention in Psychosis” (EIP) program.

Subject or material and methods

The Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was completed by all FES participant. Individuals with a baseline PANSS “Depression” item subscore of ≥ 5 were classified as having relevant depressed mood (FES/DM+). Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for inter-group comparisons. A linear regression analysis was also performed.

Results

Fifty-three (33.3%) participants were in the FES/DM+ subgroup. Relevant baseline DM at baseline was associated with female gender and a higher PANSS “Positive Symptoms” score. Across the follow-up, FES individuals improved their DM levels. This was significantly related to a longitudinal decrease in PANSS “Positive Symptoms” levels.

Discussion

More than 1/3 of FES subjects had relevant DM already at the recruitment time in an EIP service. This suggests that relevant depression in FES subjects is usually under-treated. Moreover, we observed a significant decrease in DM severity levels across the follow-up. This decrease was associated with the longitudinal severity reduction in positive symptom levels, reflecting their state-related fluctuations.

Conclusions

DM is relatively frequent in FES, already at the recruitment in EIP services. However, its severity decreases overtime within specialized EIP programs.
Experimental substantiation of the use of highly mineralized bromine chloride sodium water to correct the functional-metabolic continuum in rats with a model of distress
Authors: Nasibullin Boris , Gushcha Sergey , Dekhtyar Yuri , Volyanska Veronika , Plakida Alexander
Published: June 2023

The authors studied the state of the functional-metabolic continuum in white rats while modeling psycho-emotional distress. They evaluated the effect of mineral water with a high content of sodium bromine and chlorides, when applied externally, on the state of the body of the test animals in distress. The model of distress in rats is characterized by rearrangements of metabolic reactions: an increase in endogenous intoxication, an increase in the activity of lipid peroxidation against the background of a decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes, a reduction in the content of creatinine and urea, a decrease in the energy supply of the activity of transmembrane metabolism and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Simultaneously with adverse changes in metabolic reactions, signs of dystrophic changes in internal organs are determined. Course external application of mineral water (MW) with a high content of sodium, chlorides and bromine in rats with psycho-emotional distress significantly improves metabolism. The normalization of energy metabolism and balance in the lipid-antioxidant system of indicators of endogenous intoxication and the restoration of the functional state of the liver confirms this. In the internal organs, manifestations of dystrophy disappear. The authors believe that using MW improves the condition of regulatory processes, thereby restoring the functional-metabolic continuum in distressed rats.
Relating Semantics for Hyper-Connexive and Totally Connexive Logics
Authors: Malinowski Jacek , Nicolás-Francisco Ricardo Arturo
Published: June 2023

In this paper we present a characterization of hyper-connexivity by means of a relating semantics for Boolean connexive logics. We also show that the minimal Boolean connexive logic is Abelardian, strongly consistent, Kapsner strong and antiparadox. We give an example showing that the minimal Boolean connexive logic is not simplificative. This shows that the minimal Boolean connexive logic is not totally connexive.
Calderonowskie konstelacje znaczeń w polskich przekładach La vida es sueño: „un breve cielo”
Authors: Baczyńska Beata
Published: June 2023

CALDERONIAN CONSTELLATIONS OF MEANINGS IN POLISH TRANSLATIONS OF LA VIDA ES SUEÑO: „UN BREVE CIELO” The text is devoted to the Polish versions of La vida es sueño in the context of the metaphor „little heaven” („un breve cielo”). Segismundo uses a syllogistic argument based on the concept of microcosm (el pequeño mundo del hombre) to define the beauty of women. Calderón’s dramaturgic strategy is outlined in order to relate it to the stage practice of the Polish theatre. The study is based on the contemporary and historical translations of La vida es sueño into Polish, respectively: Leon Rudkiewicz (1826), Józef Szujski (1882), Barbara Zan (1927), Edward Boyé (1937), Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz (1969), Marta Eloy Cichocka (2013), Tomasz Jękot (2021).
Motyw wdzięczności w starofrancuskich powieściach Okrągłego Stołu
Authors: Dybeł Katarzyna
Published: June 2023

Tematem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza motywu wdzięczności w wybranych starofrancuskich powieściach Okrągłego Stołu, w szczególności geneza tego motywu, jego warianty oraz korelacja z motywami daru i wędrówki. Ukazany został także wpływ motywu wdzięczności na język bohaterów (postrzeganych jako swoista figura homo gratus), naznaczony dialogicznym charakterem przypisanego im dyskursu wdzięczności.
El concepto de la guerra justa en el Dotzè de Francesc Eiximenis
Authors: Sasor Rozalia
Published: June 2023

El artículo presenta el concepto de la guerra justa elaborado por Francesc Eiximenis (1327/32-1409), escritor y fraile franciscano, uno de los autores medievales más importantes en lengua catalana, expuesto en el duodécimo libro (el Dotzè) de la gran enciclopedia cristiana Lo Crestià, dedicado a las cuestiones político-sociales.
Fanfiction jako przypis – amatorska twórczość literacka na marginesie popkultury
Authors: Pudo Dorota
Published: June 2023

Fanfiction, amatorska literatura oparta na dziełach popkultury, od lat 70. XX wieku jest istotną częścią aktywności i kultury fanów wszelkiego rodzaju utworów fabularnych – książek, komiksów, filmów i seriali. Jej marginesowy charakter jest widoczny w samym sposobie publikacji i dystrybucji – jest ona nieoficjalnie i anonimowo umieszczana na niszowych stronach internetowych. Nie przynosi nikomu zysków ani nie cieszy się niczyim uznaniem, z wyjątkiem wąskiego grona innych fanów. Można ją rozumieć jako przypis do popkultury, gdyż fanfiction jest w pierwszej kolejności świadectwem odbioru, utworem istniejącym tylko w relacji do oryginału, który go zainspirował, oraz do innych fanfikcji. Jej paradoks polega na tym, że ta wtórność nie wyklucza kreatywności i transformacji znaczeń, a intelektualny dystans, potrzebny do jej stworzenia i odbioru, współistnieje z emocjonalną intensywnością.
«¡Diga! ¿Ah, es usted? Encantada siempre». Notas sobre el origen de la expresión diga en comunicaciones telefónicas
Authors: Zieliński Andrzej
Published: June 2023

«¡DIGA! ¿AH, ES USTED? ENCANTADO SIEMPRE». NOTES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE EXPRESSION DIGA IN TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS
The study delves into the origin of the Spanish interjective expression diga (lit. ‘please speak’), with the formal variant dígame (lit. ‘please speak to me’), highly conventionalized, used in the Spanish spoken in Spain in response to a phone call. Through the electronic corpus CORDE and CREA the author tries to find both the linguistic and extralinguistic reasons that led to its sudden pragmaticalization.
The holistic management of malignant bowel obstruction in women with advanced ovarian cancer at end of life
Authors: Gaughan Sarah , Williams Mary
Published: June 2023

Bowel obstruction is commonly a pre-terminal event in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Management of symptoms will often be the focus rather than surgical intervention. Determining the patient's end-of-life wishes is paramount − because the prognosis for these patients can be short, advanced care planning is key. This case study will explore the management of nausea and vomiting associated with malignant bowel obstruction and demonstrate how a patient's psychological and social wellbeing is as important as managing the physical symptoms. It will discuss how skilled and effective communication is vital early in the disease trajectory in ensuring the patient's needs are met. Additionally, by undertaking a thorough holistic needs assessment, all aspects of end-of-life care can be discussed with the patient and family, which may enable the achievement of a preferred place of care and a peaceful, dignified death. Multidisciplinary working and co-ordination of care may allow for quick interventions, meeting individual needs and symptoms being managed more effectively.
Consent in surgery
Authors: Parker Jennifer , Mortimore Gerri
Published: June 2023

This article will focus on obtaining informed consent from the perspective of a surgical advanced clinical practitioner (SACP). There are many considerations regarding obtaining informed consent and it is recognised that the duty of this role will vary within each NHS trust. This article will reflect on whether SACPs should obtain consent for surgical procedures.
Reaching out to patients with alcohol and drug misuse problems
Authors: Fernandez Jeff
Published: June 2023

Jeff Fernandez, Lead Alcohol and Drug Nurse, Alcohol and Drug Liaison Team, Royal Free Foundation Trust, London ( jfernandez@nhs.net ). The team was the Gold Award winner in the Gastrointestinal Nurse of the Year category in the BJN Awards 2023
Nursing students' skills in applying short-stretch compression bandages using the control of compression bandaging score
Authors: Bobbink Paul , Gschwind Géraldine , Probst Sebastian
Published: June 2023

Aim:

To assess the feasibility using the Control of Compression Bandaging (CCB) score to measure skills development on short-stretch compression therapy during a second-year nursing students' workshop.

Design:

A quasi-experimental pilot study with one group.

Method:

All students followed a blended learning unit comprising an e-learning unit on leg ulcers and compression therapy including videos, followed by hands-on workshops where they could exercise how to apply short-stretch compression bandages. Clinical nurse specialists in wound care collected pre- and post-workshop measures. Data collection included feasibility, absolute pressure under compression bandages and the CCB score.

Results:

Six clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) collected data and 16 students participated in this pilot study. The mean application time was 8.02 minutes (min=2, max=20) pre and 9.25 minutes (min=5, max=17) post workshop. Pressure under compression bandages increased at the forefoot (P=0.01) and the calf muscle base (P=0.03) post workshop. One extreme outlier was observed. In addition, the CCB score increased from 3.57 to 4.47 (P=0.16). Using pressure measuring devices was described as essential by all the CNSs and the CCB score was easy to use.

Conclusion:

Using the CCB score and pressure measuring devices were feasible during an undergraduate education session. Recruitment procedure and modality of data collection were satisfactory. This score may be a valuable way to assess students' skills in short-stretch compression therapy. If used for formal assessment, a passing score should be defined.
Getting wound care right: evaluation of a week of intensive teaching on wound care for undergraduate nursing students
Authors: Stephens Melanie , Wynn Matthew , Pradeep Sheba , Staniecka Karolina , Gill Anna , Brown Erin , Matthew Charlotte
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Tissue viability skills are essential for nurses, but education on this in undergraduate programmes can be inadequate. After approval of the Future Nurse curriculum in 2019, a small team of staff at the University of Salford developed a Getting Wound Care Right week to improve students' knowledge and clinical skills.

Methods:

To evaluate the week, the 250 students who had participated in all activities were invited 6 months after the week to contribute a 250-word reflection for a case series. The aim of this was to understand the impact of the week on participants' knowledge, skills and confidence in caring for patients with wounds and whether it had sparked interest in further learning.

Results:

Four students contributed reflections, which were overwhelmingly positive. They described the knowledge attained, which included that on anatomy and physiology of the skin and wound healing, evidence-based assessment, treatment and management of wounds, and the impact of wounds on patients' quality of life. Skills gained included those in categorisation of wounds, wound assessment and pressure redistribution when seated. Responses on the impact on clinical practice focused on the importance of multidisciplinary working within wound care, seating provision for pressure ulcer prevention and management, and dressing selection. Negative comments related to students realising that clinical practice could be improved rather than indications that the format is ineffective or inappropriate. Limitations of the evaluation included the small number of participants and a lack of responses from every field of practice.

Conclusions:

The Getting Wound Care Right week format is a viable approach to meeting Future Nurse curriculum requirements. The approach could be enhanced by a greater emphasis on the relevance of wound care teaching to children and young people's nursing students. The week improved students' clinical confidence on placements when caring for patients with wounds. Further robust evaluation of the module is needed to confirm the findings of this initial evaluation.
Evaluation of Powdery Mildew Resistance and Agronomic Performance of Pyramided Mungbean Lines from Marker- Assisted Selection
Authors:   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Siwapithakpong Ketwalee , Chueakhunthod Witsarut ,   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Khairum Apinya ,   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Tharapreuksapong Akkawat ,   Center for Scientifi c and Technological Equipment, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Chantakot Theerawat ,   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Woramit Tanandorn ,   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand, Tantasawat Piyada Alisha ,   School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Published: June 2023

Gene pyramiding is an effective strategy to provide a durable and high level of powdery mildew (PM) resistance in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek]. The objectives of this study were to evaluate PM resistance levels of pyramided BC2F1 progenies derived from marker-assisted selection of KING (recurrent parent) × SUPER5 (donor parent) cross and measure their agronomic performance under fi eld condition. The results showed that the progenies with marker combinations linked to both PM resistance genes including I85420 + I42PL222, and I27R565 were more resistant to PM (average disease severity score of 3.80) than KING, check cv. CN72, and the progenies without any marker combinations (scores of 8, 8 and 6.75, respectively). While the progenies carrying only one resistance gene were identifi ed as containing either I85420 + I42PL222, or I27R565 which showed intermediate response score of 5.83. In addition, most of the pyramided lines produced higher yield per plant than KING because of their superior pods per plant, clusters per plant, and seeds per pod. In the future, these pyramided lines with two PM resistance genes can be further developed into new PM resistant varieties via marker-assisted backcross breeding or be used as potential PM resistant sources in mungbean breeding programs.
Effect of Blowing Ratio on Turbine Blade Air Film Cooling Under Different Engine Conditions
Authors: Gong Miao , Ma Cunyuan , He Annan , Huang Wen , Yan Huaijin
Published: June 2023

Under different working conditions of the aeroengine, the rotating speed of the turbine blades is diverse, and this causes the high-temperature gas mainstream to impact the turbine blades at disparate angles of attack. In order to explore the film cooling mechanism of the pressure surface and suction surface of aeroengine turbine blade at unusual speed, a 3D model of the turbine blades and internal runners is constructed, which refers to Pratt & Whitney PW4084 primary HPT blade. In this model, the high-temperature gas mainstream is set to attack the turbine blades through three distinct angles, the turbine blade air film cooling model is established, and the numerical simulation is conducted at the different blowing ratios. The results showed that the angle of impact (rotational speed) is the key factor affecting the cooling efficiency of the blade. The cooling effect of the suction surface is the best under the positive attack, however, the cooling effect of the pressure surface under the negative attack angle is the first-rate. With the increase of the speed, the surface temperature of the top and tail of the blade pressure surface will gradually decrease, and as the speed reduces, the surface temperature of the lower part of the suction surface of the blade will slightly increase. Finally, under three different attack angles, the cooling efficiency of the air film on the surface of the blade will augment with the increase of the blowing ratio.
Hydrodynamic Analysis of Shallow Water Sloshing in Ship Chamber Under Longitudinal Earthquake
Authors: Yang Jianbao , Zhang Yang , Shi Duanwei
Published: June 2023

Shallow water sloshing-structure interaction under the coupled longitudinal and pitch motions resulted by the longitudinal earthquake directly affects the structural safety of the shiplift. However, no matter in shiplift or other related fields, there is little research on this aspect at present. As a basis of structural dynamics analysis and earthquake resistant design, an analytical method including a developed modal system and new engineering formulas is presented to predict the hydrodynamic moment and force in the ship chamber. Based on the linear modal theory, a modal system describing shallow water sloshing under longitudinal earthquake is developed with infinite set of modal functions. Then, new engineering formulas for calculating the hydrodynamic moment and force are proposed with only retaining the lowest sloshing mode (n=1). Case simulations suggest that the maximum error of hydrodynamic moment and force between n=1 and n=100 are lower than 1.3% and 10.5%, respectively. In addition, the hydrodynamic moment resulting from pressure on the walls can be reasonably ignored, which accounts for less than 0.5% percent of total hydrodynamic moment. With respect to the currently used Housner model, the presented formulas are greatly improved in computational accuracy and rationally supplement the missing part in the seismic design part of the Design code for shiplift.
A Semantics-preserving Approach for Extracting RDF Knowledge from Object-oriented Databases
Authors: Shan Jing , Lu Jiawen , Chen Xu , Yan Li , Ma Zongmin
Published: June 2023

The Resource Description Framework and RDF Schema recommended by the World Wide Web Consortium provide a flexible model for semantically representing information about resources on the Web, which are playing an increasingly important role in intelligent processing of large-scale data. With the widespread acceptance and applications of RDF(S), construction of RDF(S) is of increasing importance. Automatic construction of RDF(S) with diverse data has attracted more attention. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for constructing an RDF(S) with object-oriented databases that are suitable for non-traditional applications. We propose the formal rules of mapping an object-oriented database model into a RDF(S) model based on the formal definitions of these two models. We develop a tool named OODB2RDF to verify our approach.
Just-in-Time Defect Prediction for Self-driving Software via a Deep Learning Model
Authors: Choi Jiwon , Kim Taeyoung , Ryu Duksan , Baik Jongmoon , Kim Suntae
Published: June 2023

Edge computing is applied to various applications and is typically applied to autonomous driving software. As the self-driving system becomes complicated and the proportion of software increases, accidents caused by software defects increase. Just-in-time (JIT) defect prediction is a technique that identifies defects during the software development phase, which helps developers prioritize code inspection. Many researchers have proposed various JIT models, but it is difficult to find a case in which JIT defect prediction was performed on edge computing applications. In particular, due to the characteristic of self-driving software, which is frequently updated, there is a high risk of inducing defects into the update process. In this work, we propose a JIT defect prediction model via deep learning for edge computing applications called JIT4EA. Our research goal is to develop an effective model to predict defects in edge computing applications. To do this, we perform defect prediction on self-driving software, a representative edge computing application. We use pre-trained unified cross-modal pre-training for code representation (UniXCoder) to embed commit messages and code changes. We use bidirectional-LSTM(Bi-LSTM) for context and semantic learning. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the proposed JIT4EA performed better than state-of-the-art methods and could reduce the code inspection effort.
Issues arising from the study design, conduct, and promotion of clinical trials funded by opioid manufacturers: a review of internal pharmaceutical industry documents
Authors: Gac Brian W. , Yakubi Hanna , Apollonio Dorie E.
Published: June 2023

Background:

From 1999 to 2021 opioid overdoses caused over one million deaths in the US. The pharmaceutical industry has been held legally responsible in some cases for overstating the benefits and understating the risks of opioid use, leading to overprescribing that contributed to these deaths.

Aims and objectives:

In this study we describe issues with research funded by opioid manufacturers that was used to support increased opioid prescribing.

Methods:

We analysed 503 internal industry documents from opioid manufacturers released from State of Oklahoma v. Purdue Pharma, LP, et al in January 2020.

Findings:

Internal documents identified three research practices of concern – enriched enrollment, ghostwriting, and overstatement of research findings – that resulted in claims that opioids were safe, nonaddictive, and effective in treating pain. These claims were used to promote increased opioid use.

Discussion and conclusions:

Research created by opioid manufacturers distorted the addictive potential of opioids using strategies that hid authorship and overstated findings. The claims were used in marketing and promotional materials to promote opioids as being safe and effective.
Nación, raza y eugenesia en América Latina: las políticas migratorias colombianas en las décadas de 1920 y 1930
Authors: Olaya-Peláez Iván
Published: June 2023

En la búsqueda de sociedades sanas y vigorosas que garantizaran el futuro de la nación, el inmigrante se convirtió en un sujeto social y político a través del cual se construirían Estados-nación «civilizados». Se seleccionaría a los más «aptos», a aquellos que traerían no solo los rasgos biológicos necesarios para mejorar la «raza» latinoamericana, sino también comportamientos sociológicos propios de sociedades «civilizadas». Se pretendía estimular una inmigración «deseable» y prohibir la entrada de aquella que supusiera una amenaza para el componente biológico de la nación. En este contexto sociopolítico y científico, la eugenesia se convirtió en la ciencia que se encargaría de seleccionar, desde la perspectiva sociobiológica, al «buen» inmigrante y desechar al «malo». Colombia, país que no fue ajeno a este fenómeno transnacional, es el punto de partida de este artículo.
Del fin de la Primera Guerra Mundial a la consolidación del fascismo: transformaciones del discurso nacionalisa en la colectividad italouruguaya (1918-1927)
Authors: Bresciano Lacava Juan Andrés
Published: June 2023

Este artículo analiza las transformaciones que experimenta el discurso nacionalista de la colectividad italouruguaya, a partir de las nuevas interpretaciones del pasado y del presente que desata el final de la Primera Guerra Mundial y el surgimiento del fascismo. El semanario L’Italiano se convierte en portavoz de una concepción patriótica beligerante que glorifica a una Italia vencedora y la proclama como la nueva adalid de la raza latina. Además, dicho periódico resaltalos lazos históricos y culturales que hacen de la sociedad uruguaya una hija dilecta de Roma y considera que latinidad e italianidad constituyen dos pilares del progreso cultural y material de Uruguay.
Honor, linaje y sangre como capital social en la sociedad colonial vistos a través de un juicio por estupro en Antioquia (1729)
Authors: González-Lopera Tatiana
Published: June 2023

En 1729-1730, en la provincia de Antioquia, Nuevo Reino de Granada, se adelanta un juicio contra tres jóvenes mulatos por el rapto de una joven española. Los protagonistas de este caso son un ejemplo de cómo los individuos estaban insertos en estructuras relacionales en las que actúan normas formales e informales y que se sustentan tanto en el capital económico como en el capital social-relacional; el estudio de esta red de relaciones permite develar elementos centrales de la estructura de la sociedad colonial a los que todo individuo, sin importar su condición económica o étnica, estaba sometido en mayor o menor medida. Se trata de una mirada en la que el análisis microhistórico de las redes familiares se complementa con el análisis del honor y la limpieza de sangre como formas que toma el capital social en el mundo colonial.
High-precision digital optical phase locking for 10−12  W order weak light for a spaceborne gravitational wave interferometer
Authors: Mu Henglin , Le Taoran , Xu Xin , Tan Yidong , Wei Haoyun , Li Yan
Published: June 2023

We developed a digital optical phase-locking loop (DOPLL) for weak light phase locking in spaceborne gravitational wave interferometers (SGWIs). Using the system, we successfully locked the phase of the slave laser to the master laser with the power of only several picowatts, much smaller than the LISA requirement (100 pW). The system does not introduce steady-state errors, and the Bode diagram shows its stability. The out-loop phase noise floor (2.3×10−4 and 5.2×10−4rad/Hz1/2) is very close to the shot noise limit. The Allan standard deviation of the heterodyne signal reaches 3.1×10−17 at 1000 s. With the previous automatic locking program designed by other researchers, the results demonstrate that DOPLLs have bright application prospects and can be applied in the transducer of the SGWI.
Design of optical anapole modes of all-dielectric nanoantennas for SERS applications
Authors: Wang Debao , Lv Jingwei , Wang Jianxin , Ren Yanru , Yu Ying , Li Wei , Chu Paul K. , Liu Chao
Published: June 2023

To obtain large electric field enhancement while mitigating material losses, an all-dielectric nanoantenna composed of a heptamer and nanocubes is designed and analyzed. A numerical simulation by the finite element method reveals that the nanoantenna achieves the optical electric anapole modes, thereby significantly enhancing the coupling between different dielectrics to further improve the near-field enhancement and spontaneous radiation. Field enhancement factors |E/E0|2 of 3,563 and 5,395 (AM1 and AM2) and a Purcell factor of 3,872 are observed in the wavelength range between 350 and 800 nm. This nanoantenna has promising potential in applications involving surface-enhanced Raman scattering and nonlinearities due to its low cost and excellent compatibility.
Method to measure the refractive index for photoluminescence modelling: erratum
Authors: Bailly Elise , Chevrier Kevin , Perez de la Vega Camilo , Hugonin Jean-Paul , De Wilde Yannick , Krachmalnicoff Valentina , Vest Benjamin , Greffet Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2023

We correct two mistakes in [Opt. Mater. Express 12, 2772 (2022)10.1364/OME.461515]. These corrections have no influence on the conclusions of the original paper.
Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Image-Guided Micro-Histotripsy for Non-Invasive Surgery
Authors: Wang Joy , Kedarisetti Pradyumna , Mallay Matthew G. , Brown Jeremy A. , Wuest Frank R. , Zemp Roger J.
Published: June 2023

Histotripsy is a powerful precision tool for non-invasive, non-ionizing treatment of tumors, but suffers risk of damage to vasculature under poor visualization. Photoacoustic-guided histotripsy allows for visualization and avoidance of major vasculature and hemorrhage monitoring.
For a good cause: a commemorative editorial on the 10th anniversary of Photonics Research
Authors: Zhou Zhiping (James)
Published: June 2023

At the 10th anniversary, founding Editor-in-Chief Zhiping (James) Zhou reflects on the early thoughts and activities regarding the establishment of Photonics Research.
Climate change scenario projections and their implications on food systems in Taita Taveta County, Kenya
Authors: Nyambariga Francis Kibagendi , Opere Alfred Owuor , Kituyi Evans , Amwata Dorothy Akinyi
Published: June 2023

This study explored how Taita Taveta County could use the power of climate scenarios in planning agricultural activities on food systems to enhance sustainable food. The study involved the use of climate scenarios to model the past, present and future climate with the view of predicting probable changes in climate and how these changes may impact on food production, transformation and utilization and the ultimate handling of ensuing food wastes to mitigate the looming climate change scenarios. The research was conducted in Taita Taveta County that is characterized into three agro-ecological zones based on altitude and an ensemble of the top two models (ICHEC-EC-EARTH and MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR) was used to analyse climate projections following RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 pathways. Rainfall and temperature from the Kenya Meteorological Department and supplemented with datasets from Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Climate Hazard Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) respectively for the period 1981–2021 were used. The results exhibited occurrences of climate variability and change, and the seasons when the rainfall amounts were highest and lowest. Projected temperatures up to 2065 revealed likelihood of significant future warming and predicted future rainfall variations indicated insignificant increase. The study concluded by predicting a significant rise in temperatures and insignificant increase in rainfall leading to probable decrease in food production. The study recommended adoption climate smart technologies and early warning systems by the communities and policy makers to mainstream climate information in food systems, particularly production, transformation and utilization to enhance efficiency and avoid unnecessary wastage. State and non-state actors and other stakeholders could leverage these results to devise suitable adaptation and mitigation measures in the county.
Individual and population level costs and health-related quality of life outcomes of third-generation cephalosporin resistant bloodstream infection in Blantyre, Malawi
Authors: Lester Rebecca , Mango James , Mallewa Jane , Jewell Christopher P. , Lalloo David A. , Feasey Nicholas A. , Maheswaran Hendramoorthy
Published: June 2023

Data which accurately enumerate the economic costs of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in low- and middle- income countries are essential. This study aimed to quantify the impact of third-generation cephalosporin resistant (3GC-R) bloodstream infection (BSI) on economic and health related quality of life outcomes for adult patients in Blantyre, Malawi. Participants were recruited from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of hospitalised patients with bloodstream infection caused by Enterobacterales at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH). Primary costing studies were used to estimate the direct medical costs associated with the inpatient stay. Recruited participants were asked about direct non-medical and indirect costs associated with their admission and their health-related quality of life was measured using the EuroQol EQ-5D questionnaire. Multiple imputation was undertaken to account for missing data. Costs were adjusted to 2019 US Dollars. Cost and microbiology surveillance data from QECH, Blantyre was used to model the annual cost of, and quality-adjusted life years lost to, 3GC-R and 3GC-Susceptible BSI from 1998 to 2030 in Malawi. The mean health provider cost per participant with 3GC-R BSI was US$110.27 (95%CR; 22.60–197.95), higher than for those with 3GC-S infection. Patients with resistant BSI incurred an additional indirect cost of US$155.48 (95%CR; -67.80, 378.78) and an additional direct non-medical cost of US$20.98 (95%CR; -36.47, 78.42). Health related quality of life outcomes were poor for all participants, but participants with resistant infections had an EQ-5D utility score that was 0.167 (95% CR: -0.035, 0.300) lower than those with sensitive infections. Population level burden estimates suggest that in 2016, 3GC-R accounted for 84% of annual societal costs from admission with bloodstream infection and 82% of QALYs lost. 3GC-R bloodstream infection was associated with higher health provider and patient level costs than 3GC-S infection, as well as poorer HRQoL outcomes. We demonstrate a substantial current and future economic burden to society as a result of 3GC-R E. coli and Klebsiella spp. BSI, data urgently needed by policy makers to provide impetus for implementing strategies to reduce AMR.
Evaluating the theoretical performance of aircraft wastewater monitoring as a tool for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance
Authors: Shingleton Joseph W. , Lilley Chris J. , Wade Matthew J.
Published: June 2023

Air travel plays an important role in the cross-border spread of infectious diseases. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic many countries introduced strict border testing protocols to monitor the incursion of the virus. However, high implementation costs and significant inconvenience to passengers have led public health authorities to consider alternative methods of disease surveillance at borders. Aircraft wastewater monitoring has been proposed as one such alternative. In this paper we assess the theoretical limits of aircraft wastewater monitoring and compare its performance to post-arrival border screening approaches. Using an infectious disease model, we simulate an unmitigated SARS-CoV-2 epidemic originating in a seed country and spreading to the United Kingdom (UK) through daily flights. We use a probabilistic approach to estimate the time of first detection in the UK in aircraft wastewater and respiratory swab screening. Across a broad range of model parameters, our analysis indicates that the median time between the first incursion and detection in wastewater would be approximately 17 days (IQR: 7–28 days), resulting in a median of 25 cumulative cases (IQR: 6–84 cases) in the UK at the point of detection. Comparisons to respiratory swab screening suggest that aircraft wastewater monitoring is as effective as random screening of 20% of passengers at the border, using a test with 95% sensitivity. For testing regimes with sensitivity of 85% or less, the required coverage to outperform wastewater monitoring increases to 30%. Analysis of other model parameters suggests that wastewater monitoring is most effective when used on long-haul flights where probability of defecation is above 30%, and when the target pathogen has high faecal shedding rates and reasonable detectability in wastewater. These results demonstrate the potential use cases of aircraft wastewater monitoring and its utility in a wider system of public health surveillance.
Analytics and localized manufacturing: How machine learning can help improve efficiency
Authors: Rebecca Georgiana Jane
Published: June 2023

Big details (BD) analytics has brought progressive enhancement of the company environment. It offers companies with optimized improvement, personalization, and production in the way output is dispersed. Nevertheless, conflicts come up in the usage of these techniques in a few industries, including retail items, which often basis on large scale generation as well as extended supply chain. The analysis gets a theoretical framework to investigate whether great details that comes with production solutions that are different are able to provide for a dispersed manufacturing process. Through study of twenty one customer products company situations implementing main and secondary details, the study investigated changing manufacturing processes, the inherent catalyst, the performance of analytics, and the effect of its on distributed generation. The analysis discovers many applications of distributed manufacturing concepts to assess the current production procedures worked for bigger client merchandise ways by using analytics as well as business analysis. The evaluation 's suggested framework stated in this particular analysis has a much deeper effect on preparation, comprehension relationships, amongst elements of data analytics and also distributed creation.
Healthcare analytics in non-profits: Evidence from North America
Authors: Kellerton Thomas Oliver , Smith Meredith Claire
Published: June 2023

Background: The implementation of Big Data analytics in healthcare has an incredible chance of improving the quality of care, minimizing waste and error, and also decreasing the cost of care. Purpose: This systematic comment of literature objectives to discover the assortment of Big Data analytics in healthcare, including its applications and challenges in the adoption of its in healthcare. Furthermore, it intends to figure out the strategies to overcome the challenges. Data sources: An organized search of the articles was carried out on ﬁve primary scientiﬁc databases: ScienceDirect, Taylor, Francis and Emerald. The information articles on Big Data analytics in healthcare published from January 2017 to January 2022 are deemed. Data extraction: two reviewers independently extracted information on deﬁnitions of Big Data analytics; sources and applications of Big Data analytics in the healthcare field; challenges and strategies to overcome the issues in healthcare. Results: A complete of fifty eight articles are selected as per the inclusion needs and examined. The analyses of these posts placed that scientists do not have consensus about the useful deﬁnition of Big Data in serious healthcare. Big Data analytics ﬁnds the application for healthcare option support, optimization of healthcare operations, and reduction of treatment cost. The chief fight in serious adoption of Big Data analytics is non accessibility of evidence of its in healthcare. Conclusion: This review analysis unveils that there is a paucity of information on evidence of world utilization that is real of Big Data analytics in healthcare. Keywords: Big data, healthcare analytics.
Large-scale manufacturing in North America: How machine learning and analytics improve efficiency
Authors: Gonsalez Alberto Valentino
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, we are unquestionably in the era of info. Big Data Analytics isn't a point of view for all levels of the company. This is of specific fascination with the production pastime, together with the higher capital severeness of theirs, time constraints, and also offered the substantial quantity of info today captured. Nevertheless, there is a paucity in last literature on BDA in developing a far better understanding of the capabilities of the strategic ramifications to get importance from BDA. In that vein, the primary objective of this specific paper is generally to produce a novel layout that summarizes the main capabilities of BDA in the context of the manufacturing process. This is performed by relying on the end result of an analysis of the continuing exploration, together with a numerous case study in a visible phosphates derivatives company, to note the capabilities of BDA in the manufacturing process, in addition to outline suggestions to advance exploration of the market. The end result will help companies realize the main information analytics capabilities, as well as the possible implications for their production activity, and support them wanting to create much better BDA enabler infrastructure.
Predicting Human Activity – State of the Art
Authors: Esther Ekemeyong , Zielińska Teresa
Published: June 2023

Predicting human actions is a very actual research field. Artificial intelligence methods are commonly used here. They enable early recognition and classification of human activities. Such knowledge is extremely needed in the work on robots and other interactive systems that communicate and cooperate with people. This ensures early reactions of such devices and proper planning of their future actions. However, due to the complexity of human actions, predicting them is a difficult task. In this article, we review state-of-the-art methods and summarize recent advances in predicting human activity. We focus in particular on four approaches using machine learning methods, namely methods using: artificial neural networks, support vector machines, probabilistic models and decision trees. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches, as well as current challenges related to predicting human activity. In addition, we describe the types of sensors and data sets commonly used in research on predicting and recognizing human actions. We analyze the quality of the methods used, based on the prediction accuracy reported in scientific articles. We describe the importance of the data type and the parameters of machine learning models. Finally, we summarize the latest research trends. The article is intended to help in choosing the right method of predicting human activity, along with an indication of the tools and resources necessary to effectively achieve this goal.