bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Signaling Pathways Involved in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Targets for New Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Khan Abdul Haseeb , Bhatti Attya , Mahmood Shahid , Hashmi Anum Hubab , Khalid Naziha , Bajwa Safa , Waheed Hafsa , Syed Nida Ali , John Peter
Published: August 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis is categorized as a systematic autoimmune disease which causes chronic disabilities exclusively in bones that are aligned with synovium. RA aetiology is still unknown but previous studies have coined that several number of factors play a significant role e.g. environmental and genetic factors. Cellular signalling pathways orchestrate the inflammatory response that regulates various cellular functions like cellular progression, proliferation, death and secretion of signalling molecules (pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines) in response to genetic and environmental stimuli. These regulatory pathways are tightly controlled Rheumatoid arthritis is categorized as a systematic autoimmune disease which causes chronic disabilities exclusively in bones that are aligned with synovium. RA aetiology is still unknown but previous studies have coined that several number of factors play a significant role e.g. environmental and genetic factors. Cellular signalling pathways orchestrate the inflammatory response that regulates various cellular functions like cellular progression, proliferation, death and secretion of signalling molecules (pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines) in response to genetic and environmental stimuli. These regulatory pathways are tightly controlled and naturally activated by ligands that attach to their respective receptors on the cell surface. In diseased state, these signalling pathways escape the normal control mechanisms, resulting in intensification of cytokines and chemokines, transcription factors and mediatory proteins that disrupt normal cell processes and might bring about auto-destructive consequences such as in the case of rheumatoid arthritis. The review highlights multiple levels of targeting molecules in signalling pathways that may be potential diagnostic markers and also attempts to underline potential therapeutic targets.and naturally activated by ligands that attach to their respective receptors on the cell surface. In diseased state, these signalling pathways escape the normal control mechanisms, resulting in intensification of cytokines and chemokines, transcription factors and mediatory proteins that disrupt normal cell processes and might bring about auto-destructive consequences such as in the case of rheumatoid arthritis. The review highlights multiple levels of targeting molecules in signalling pathways that may be potential diagnostic markers and also attempts to underline potential therapeutic targets.
Cloning and Partial Characterization of Cotton Leaf Curl Burewala Virus From Khanewal
Authors: Akhter Fizza , Tahir Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Begomoviruses are a serious threat to cotton production throughout the world. In Pakistan, enormous crop losses occur as a result of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by begomoviruses. Molecular characterization of begomoviruses has made possible the identification and analysis of begomoviruses prevalent in a host plant. Infected cotton leaf sample (C-59) was obtained from area around Khanewal during 2011. The total DNA was isolated from the infected sample by Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. An expected size band of approximately 1100bp, covering coat protein region of the virus, was amplified using universal primers. The amplified product was T/A cloned and sequenced to its entirety. DNA sequence showed 99% nucleotide sequence identity to each of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus ((CLCuBuV; Accession No HF549Begomoviruses are a serious threat to cotton production throughout the world. In Pakistan, enormous crop losses occur as a result of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by begomoviruses. Molecular characterization of begomoviruses has made possible the identification and analysis of begomoviruses prevalent in a host plant. Infected cotton leaf sample (C-59) was obtained from area around Khanewal during 2011. The total DNA was isolated from the infected sample by Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. An expected size band of approximately 1100bp, covering coat protein region of the virus, was amplified using universal primers. The amplified product was T/A cloned and sequenced to its entirety. DNA sequence showed 99% nucleotide sequence identity to each of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus ((CLCuBuV; Accession No HF549184)) and Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKV; Accession No AJ002449)). Since CLCuBuV is a recombinant of CLCuKV and Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and the coat protein region of CLCuBuV was derived from CLCuKV that is most probable reason that the available sequence showed identity with CLCuBuV as well as CLCuKV. A complete characterization of full length virus will determine whether isolate C-59 is CLCuBuV or CLCuKV. Literature indicates that there is no existence of CLCuKV within the region and CLCuBuV is dominating within Indo-Pak184)) and Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKV; Accession No AJ002449)). Since CLCuBuV is a recombinant of CLCuKV and Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and the coat protein region of CLCuBuV was derived from CLCuKV that is most probable reason that the available sequence showed identity with CLCuBuV as well as CLCuKV. A complete characterization of full length virus will determine whether isolate C-59 is CLCuBuV or CLCuKV. Literature indicates that there is no existence of CLCuKV within the region and CLCuBuV is dominating within Indo-Pak
Correlation of Serum Uric Acid Level with Blood Pressure in Middle-aged Population: A Cross-Sectional Study from Public Sector Hospital of Islamabad
Authors: Jamil Wara , Maqsood Mohsin , Naz Sumera , Rahat Tayyaba
Published: August 2021

In Pakistan hypertension is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity and is affecting approximately one‐third of the population, meanwhile hyperuricemia is also highly prevalent and has important clinical implications, but association of hypertension and hyperuricemia is still a matter of debate in Pakistani population. To determine the correlation between serum uric acid and Hypertension. Cross-sectional analytical study of six month duration was carried out at at tertiary care public sector hospital of Islamabad from February to August 2019. After taking the informed written consent 100 middle-aged (40 to 65 years) asymptomatic individuals visiting tertiary care hospital for the test of serum uric acid for the first time were enrolled. Beckman Coulter AU analyzers and uriucase method was used to measure uric acid as per manufacturer’s instructions. Blood pressure of all enrolled participants was measured through a mercury sphygmomanometer. Demographic information of the study participant, clinical history, height, weight, family history, uric acid level and blood pressure were recorded on pre-structured questionnaire. BMI was calculated by using WHO formula. Among 100 enrolled study participants, 50 (50%) were males and 50 (50%) were females. The mean age was 50±8 years. The frequency of hyperuricemia was 16.0% and among these 93.8% were hypertensive with a significant Pearson correlation coefficientp value of 0.014. There is a significat correlation between hyperuricemia and hypertension. Our findings remain to be confirmed in future prospective studies.
Analyzing and Identifying the Molecular Targets and Regulators Controlling Cardiac Hypertrophy Progression
Authors: Shad Mohsin , Sheraz Shah Faisal , Zulqarnain Muhammad , Usman Muhammad , Haider Zulqarnain , Azhar Jahanzaib
Published: August 2021

Cardiac hypertrophy is the major pathway by which neurohormonal and mechanical stimuli act upon cardiomyocytes which gives the response to these stimuli. It leads to heart failure and ventricular dilation which is the main root of mortality in the western world. Many molecular targets are controlling cardiac hypertrophy development which may influence the growth factors signaling, cytokine release and gene expression. Through clinical trials on different models, recent research shows that cardiac hypertrophy might be inhibited or reversed. These findings have developed a vast drive to recognize specific and novel regulators of cardiac hypertrophy. Many molecular targets and signaling modulators have been studied in this review that induce the hypertrophic response which may involve MAPK pathway, oxidative stress, calcineurin, Cardiac angiogenesis, serum protein concentration, microRNA, and periodontitis. For the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy, the scientific knowledge of these signaling pathways and factors may be translated into potential nutritional and molecular therapies for the betterment of this diseases. The current and previous knowledge of molecular markers can be compiled in this review for the treatment of the molecular pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy.
Anemia and its consequences on human body; A comprehensive overview
Authors: Noreen Sana , Bashir Shahid , Bano Sadia , Fatima Tahira , Sani Affifa , Imran Sehar , Saeed Zainab , Naseer Asma , Ijaaz Rafia , Riaz Khadija , Khan Madiha , Yaseen Maryam
Published: August 2021

Anemia is a pathological condition characterized by a reduction in the mass of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin. Anemia affects one-third of the world's population, with iron deficiency accounting for half of the cases. It's a major global public health problem that has an effect on maternal and child mortality, physical fitness, and referral to health-care providers. Underweight children have a greater prevalence of anemia, which can produce long-term developmental outcomes. Particular risk is presented by children 0-5 years, child-bearing mothers and pregnant women. Efforts to avoid anemia should concentrate on improving current supplementary iron and folate programs and on preventing folate and vitamin B12 anemia deficiency. In this review biological mechanism and condition of anemia development has been discussed. A further study is necessary to examine the function of additional nutrient deficits, the contribution of infectious and chronic illnesses in some populations, and the significance of hereditary hemoglobin disorders.
Enhancing the Cross-Cultural Competence of Prospective Language Teachers
Authors: Bican Gülşat
Published: August 2021

In the twenty-first century, education does not merely focus on information exchange; additionally, it does so on various abilities and living in harmony. To materialize such acquisition among students, cross-cultural competence is an essential vehicle in a rapidly globalizing world. This calls for integrating comprehensive cross-cultural education as an independent subject into teacher training programs alongside the applied practices that go with it. Against this backdrop, the current study aims to determine the cross-cultural competency capabilities of Turkish language teacher candidates studying at one of the major universities in Turkey. In this article, initially cultural dimensions, scope of culture, and aspects of cross-cultural competency are addressed on a theoretical basis. In addition, learning materials are developed by the candidates, based on the instructions provided by the researcher, and analyzed according to their content of cross-cultural competency. The paper also discusses the cultural background of the candidates and their cross-cultural competency capabilities. The findings show that the participants have major difficulty presenting sufficient information or content in developing their cross-cultural competency. In the end, there are recommendations for enhancing the cross-cultural competency capabilities, while shedding light on the inadequate focus devoted to improving these skills within the training programs.
COVID-19 and Two different Stock Markets: An Event Study Analysis
Authors: Hasan Fakhrul , Shahbaz Ahmed
Published: August 2021

In this study, we examine two different stock markets’ response to the COVID-19 pandemic using event study methodology and a novel linear regression model. We use LSE (UK) as a proxy for the developed countries stock market and DSE (Bangladesh) as a proxy for the developing countries stock market. Using the daily COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths and stock market returns data from these two countries (UK and Bangladesh) over the period November 01, 2020 to August 07, 2020. Our main research question was, which stock market suffered more during the COVID-19 pandemic, whether developed countries stock market or developing countries stock market. We find that developed countries stock markets (LSE as proxy) responded negatively to the growth in COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths in COVID-19. We further find that developing countries stock markets (DSE as proxy) did not responded to the growth in COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths in COVID-19.
Numerical Studies on the Stiffness of Arc Elliptical Cross-section Helical Spring Subjected to Circumference Force
Authors: WANG Yuan , WANG Qingchun , SU Zehao
Published: August 2021

Due to its excellent properties, elliptical cross-section helical spring has been widely used in automobile industry, such as valve spring, arc spring used in Dual Mass Flywheel and so on. Existing stiffness formulae of helical spring remain to be tested, and stiffness property of elliptical cross-section arc spring has been little studied. Hence, study on the stiffness of elliptical cross-section helical spring is significant in the development of elliptical cross-section helical spring. This paper proposes a method to study the stiffness property of elliptical cross-section helical spring that the experiment design method is adopted with finite element analysis. Firstly, the finite element analysis method was used to verify the cylindrical (circular cross-section and elliptical cross-section) springs. Then, the regression formula was designed and derived compared with the reference springs’ stiffness formulae by experimental design. Last, regression formula was verified with existing experiment data. The novelty in this paper is that simulation technology of arc spring was investigated and a stiffness regression equation of arc elliptical cross-section spring was obtained using orthogonal regression design, with significance in wide use of the arc elliptical cross-section helical spring promotion.
Influence of HHO Gas Addition on Combustion, Performance and Emission Characteristics of a CI Engine Fuelled with Used Cooking Oil Bio Fuel Blends
Authors: GOVINDHAN Sekar , JANAKIRAM Ganesh Murali , PALANISAMY Shanmughasundaram
Published: August 2021

The present study is to investigate the influence of used cooking oil (UCO) bio diesel blend and HHO gas on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a variable compression ratio multi fuel engine. Bio fuel is extracted from UCO through transesterification process. Blends of diesel and UCO bio fuel is used as primary fuel and hydroxyl (HHO) gas which was generated from the electrolysis of water is used as supplementary fuel. Engine was tested for three different fuels such as diesel, B20 blend and B20 +HHO blends by varying four different loads (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) at the constant speed of 1500 rpm. HHO gas was injected in to the intake manifold with constant flow rate of 0.5 lpm for all engine loads. Engine fuelled with B20+HHO blends showed better brake thermal efficiency and lower brake specific fuel consumption and emitted less CO and HC emissions over the B20 blends and diesel.
Explosions of Cylindrical Pressure Vessels Subjected to Fire: Probabilistic Prediction of a Number of Fragments
Authors: VAIDOGAS Egidijus
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to propose a procedure for a prediction of the number of fragments generated by fire induced explosions of cylindrical pressure vessels. The prediction is carried out in terms of probabilities of individual fragment numbers. The prevailing numbers of two to four fragments are considered. The fragment number probabilities are estimated by applying data on vessel fragmentations acquired in investigations of past explosion accidents. The pressure vessel explosions known as BLEVEs are considered. The Bayesian analysis is used for the estimation of the fragment number probabilities. This analysis is carried out on the basis of Poisson-gamma model. An approach to developing a gamma prior distribution for the average number of fragments per explosion accident is proposed. The assessment of the fragment number probabilities is carried out by propagating uncertainty related to the average number of fragments to uncertainty in the fragment number probabilities. The stochastic (Monte Carlo) simulation is used for this propagation. Findings of this study are viewed as a possibility to improve the assessment of risk posed by pressure vessel explosions.
Anti-Diskriminierung im Zivilrechtsverkehr am Beispiel der „Dritten Option“ (zugleich eine kritische Anmerkung zu LG Frankfurt a.M., Urteil vom 3.12.2020 – 2‑13 O 131/20)
Authors: Gather Selma
Published: August 2021

Mehrere Zivilgerichte haben in jüngerer Vergangenheit über Klagen von Personen mit nicht-binärer Geschlechtsidentität entschieden, die sich dagegen wehrten, im Geschäftsverkehr als „Herr“ oder „Frau“ adressiert zu werden. Mediale Aufmerksamkeit erlangte im Dezember 2020 ein Urteil des Landgerichts Frankfurt a.M., wonach die klagende Person ein Recht auf Unterlassung der binären Anrede hat. Das klingt erst einmal erfreulich - aber nur auf den ersten Blick. Geldentschädigung, die die klagende Person begehrte, sprach ihr das Gericht nämlich nicht zu. In der erwähnten Entscheidung wählte das Gericht zudem einen Lösungsweg, der es lohnenswert macht, sich eingehender mit der Entscheidung auseinanderzusetzen: Das LG Frankfurt a.M. stützte den Unterlassungsanspruch nämlich nicht auf das speziell auf Diskriminierungen im Zivilrechtsverkehr zugeschnittene Allgemeine Gleichbehandlungsgesetz (AGG), sondern auf allgemeines Deliktsrecht. Überzeugend ist diese deliktsrechtliche Lösung nicht, aus mehreren Gründen: Diskriminierungsfälle dogmatisch (allein) als Persönlichkeitsrechtsverletzungen - und damit im Kern als Würdeverletzung - zu behandeln, wird der Gleichheitsdimension in der Regel nicht gerecht. Auch auf Rechtsfolgenebene kann auf die Diskriminierung allein mit § 823 BGB häufig nicht angemessen reagiert werden. Das AGG hingegen hält adäquate Sanktionen bereit. Der deliktsrechtlichen Lösung kann schließlich vorgehalten werden, die in diesem Heft interessierende „Beziehungsdimension“ nicht richtig zu verarbeiten.
FFP2-Masken für Leistungbeziehende nach dem SGB II gibt es nur beim SG Karlsruhe
Authors: Gilsbach Anna
Published: August 2021

Mit Beschluss vom 11.2.2021 - S 12 AS 213/21 ER - hat die 12. Kammer des SG Karlsruhe das zuständige JobCenter verpflichtet, einem Leistungsbeziehenden nach dem SGB II pro Woche 20 Mund-Nasen-Bedeckungen zur Verfügung zu stellen, die den Standards FFP2, KN95 oder N95 genügen. Alternativ könne das JobCenter dem Leistungsbeziehenden einen Betrag von 129 EUR monatlich zum Erwerb von FFP2-Masken zusätzlich auszahlen. Damit hat die 12. Kammer des SG Karlsruhe in einer bemerkenswerten, leider vereinzelt gebliebenen Entscheidung der Situation von Leistungsbeziehenden in der Pandemie Rechnung getragen, die die Ungleichheit zwischen armen und finanziell besser gestellten Menschen verstärkt hat.
Wirtschaftsstrafrechtliche Rahmenbedingungen einer nachhaltigen Gesellschaft?
Authors: Sommerer Lucia
Published: August 2021

Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwieweit Nachhaltigkeit den Kriminalwissenschaften im Bereich der Wirtschaftskriminalität als Analysekategorie zu dienen vermag. Dabei werden Züge eines Nachhaltigkeitsdenkens sowohl bei den Tatbeständen der Gewässerverunreinigung wie auch der Korruption ausgemacht. Nachhaltigkeit wird dabei nicht als rechtsdogmatische Kategorie interpretiert. Die Einführung des Konzeptes soll vielmehr der Rechtsbeschreibung, Rechtskritik und Rechtsfortentwicklung dienen sowie als Anstoß für eine „Kriminologie der Wechselwirkungen“.
Book Review: “The Right to Counsel and the Protection of Attorney-Client Privilege in Criminal Proceedings. A Comparative View”
Authors: Fingas Maciej
Published: August 2021

To sum up briefly, the book entitled “The Right to Counsel and the Protection of Attorney-Client Privilege in Criminal Proceedings. A Comparative View” should be a must-read for both researchers interested in the current issues relating to the right of counsel in criminal proceedings and practitioners of the judiciary. The research is elaborated on in an interesting and transparent manner. Also inspiring are the conclusions concerning the need for further action on the attorney-client privilege, especially in the sphere of “protection of work-product and electronic files and communications” (p. 71). It would be of scientific value to continue research in this area because of the need to create appropriate foundations for further approximation of the legal orders of EU Member States. From the perspective of the transfer of evidence between Member States, it would be helpful to work out common minimum standards for safeguarding the attorney-client privilege.
Youtube Contents Provides Inadequate Information About The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Hallux Valgus
Authors: SAHİN Adem , AGAR Anıl
Published: August 2021

Objective: According to the data in September 2020, 63.2% of the world population uses the internet. Internet is one of the most important sources for fast and easy access to information. Youtube is the second most popular social media network platform. Our aim in this descriptive study was to evaluate the accuracy and quality of the information in hallux valgus videos shared on YouTube.

Methods: The keywords "hallux valgus" and "bunyon" were searched on Youtube respectively. The videos were evaluated by two independent reviewers according to VPI, Discern, GQS, JAMA and HVS scoring systems.

Results: As a result of search a total of 64 videos were evaluated. The view count varies between 56438 and 14799537, with a mean of 665114.48 ± 1837230.87. The videos had a total run time varies between 47 and 3731 seconds, with a mean of 457.67 ± 538.93 seconds. The average; VPI score was 1336,77±8212,91; Discern score was 1,55±0,58; GQS score was 2,17±0,83; JAMA score was 1,39±0,48 and HVS score was 4,72±4,83.

Conclusion: Information on the diagnosis and treatment of hallux valgus on Youtube is of low quality and its content is of unknown source and accuracy.
The Owner of the Right over Nature, or Expert Mediators in the Modern Era and at Present
Authors: Shipovalova Lada V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

F. Bacon in his work New Organon proposes a project of a new science, which ensures the desire of human race “to recover its right over nature”. The article examines the work on the universal owner of “the right over nature” in two historical contexts. The first context determines the emergence of modern science. Here Bacon plays the role of an expert mediator who introduces the new scientific method in its broader social meaning. His work on the universal owner of “the right over nature” combines and intersects the cognitive and political aspects of scientific endeavor. The second context covers the present situation after the Scientific-Technical Revolution, when the use of the “right over nature” becomes actual, and not only possible. The contradictions revealed in the first context in the activities of the expert mediator serve as the basis for analyzing the present situation of interaction between science and society. The author describes the expert mediator, corresponding to the modern context of uncertainty and conflict of values, through the concept of “honest broker of policy alternatives” by R. Pielke, as well as through the palette of expert knowledge types presented by the STS researchers. She shows why the presented differentiation of expert knowledge types is not enough to organize the work of an expert mediator as an “honest broker”. In conclusion, she puts forward the hypothesis about distributed expertise, which can represent contemporary work on the owner of the “right over nature” and describes some aspects of this work. The author associates the significance of the hypothesis of distributed expertise with the preservation of the openness of the project of Bacon's new science.
Bacon’s Anthropocene
Authors: Omodeo Pietro Daniel ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The current predicament, marked by an unprecedented environmental crisis and novel debates on the anthropic-technological transformation of the earth-system, calls for a reassessment of the historical-epistemological question of the entanglement between power, knowledge, and nature. Francis Bacon is the classical reference point for this thematic cluster – a focal point for both historical reconstructions and epistemological reflections, for both those who extol the merits of scientific progress and those who criticize the risks posed by its abuse. I begin this essay by considering Merchant’s eco-feminist interpretation of Bacon. Additionally, I briefly recount how Bacon is envisaged as a symbol of science as domination within the critique of capitalism provided in another classic, Adorno and Horkheimer’s Dialectic of Enlightenment. I also consider the flipside of the reception of Bacon in assessments of our modern scientific world, namely the empowerment-and-emancipation discourse on technology, typical of much of Marxism. In this respect, I deem it expedient to mention the knowledge-power problem in relation to the Anthropocene debate, and in particular in relation to the theme of the transformation of the world in praxeological terms. These considerations, which deal with various assessments of techno-scientific capitalist modernity, are at the basis of my final remarks on the most urgent Anthropocene dilemma, namely, whether we need more or less technoscience. This concerns the historico-political question of whether the ecological limits of growth are an intrinsic limit of capitalism.
The Baconian Background of Hogben’s Scientific Humanism
Authors: Aray Başak ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

This essay examines the impact of Baconian utilitarianism on Lancelot Thomas Hogben (1895–1975), a biologist whose view of science was heavily intertwined with his support of socialist planning. Like Bacon and Marx, Hogben considered science to be a collective tool of utmost importance for empowering people and improving life conditions through a conscious and methodical intervention on our surroundings. Convinced by the fundamentally applied nature of science, Hogben successfully used the principles of the emerging Marxist historiography of science in his popular science books to teach abstract ideas through their origins in practical life. Furthermore, he extended the view of science as planning from biology and economics to linguistics by designing the international language Interglossa that would also serve to enhance scientific literacy in the lay public.
Francis Bacon and His Fate in the History and Philosophy of Science, 2010–2020
Authors: Rusu Doina-Cristina ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

In this review I analyse new trends in Bacon-scholarship over the last decade. Bacon’s role in the history and philosophy of science has been the topic of debate since the second half of the seventeenth century. Scholars took him to be either a key figure in the emergence of experimental sciences, or the opposite of what science is supposed to be. However, most of these bold claims were based on distortions and misunderstandings of Bacon’s programme. Starting in the last couple of decades of the twentieth century, several studies offered a more nuanced account of Bacon’s philosophy and tried to refute some of the ‘unsound criticisms’. Moreover, over the last decade, we can notice a tendency to focus on Bacon’s more practical works, and not only on the more theoretical ones. In the context of these practical works, I identified several new trends: the role of the natural and experimental histories in the overall project of the Great Instauration, and their relation with natural philosophy; the function of mathematics and quantification; the employment of instruments and other devices to overcome the shortcomings of both the senses and the minds; the scientific methodology with an emphasis on the relation between theory and experiments, and the use of exploratory experiments; and finally Bacon’s use of sources and his influence on later early modern authors. As opposed to the idea that Bacon was interested either in collecting random facts or in inventing experimental reports to present his speculative ideas, Bacon is lately portrayed as a careful experimenter, meticulous in writing reports, ingenious in designing instruments and new experiments, and critical towards his own conceptions.
Six new species of Tipula (Vestiplex) Bezzi (Diptera, Tipulidae) from Tibet
Authors: Yang Qi-cheng , Li Yan , Pan Zhao-hui , Liu Xiao-yan , Yang Ding
Published: August 2021

Twelve species of the subgenus Vestiplex (Diptera, Tipulidae) were previously known to occur in Tibet (= Xizang), China. Here, six species are described and illustrated as new to science: Tipula (Vestiplex) bucera sp. nov., Tipula (Vestiplex) magatama sp. nov., Tipula (Vestiplex) motuoensis sp. nov., Tipula (Vestiplex) nayogabuensis sp. nov., Tipula (Vestiplex) platyphylla sp. nov. and Tipula (Vestiplex) uncinella sp. nov. The following three species are redescribed: Tipula (Vestiplex) himalayensis Brunetti, 1911, Tipula (Vestiplex) nigroapicalis Brunetti, 1911 and Tipula (Vestiplex) zayulensis Alexander, 1963. A key to the species of Tipula (Vestiplex) from Tibet is presented.
Vulnerabilidade e estratégias de adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose: discurso dos enfermeiros da atenção primária
Authors: Barros Jonh Jorge Costa , Oliveira Aliéren Honório , Cavalcante Jeane Lima , Muniz Tacyla Geyce Freire , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte , Cavalcante Edilma Gomes Rocha
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias dos enfermeiros para potencializar a adesão de pacientes em tratamento de tuberculose diante de suas vulnerabilidades ao abandono. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 13 enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município do Ceará, Brasil. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestrutura que foram submetidas à técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, de dezembro/2014 a março/2015. Resultado: as vulnerabilidades ao abandono foram: condições de saúde; aspectos comportamentais; falta de moradia, dinheiro e apoio familiar e falta de incentivo dos profissionais de saúde. As estratégias para potencializar a adesão forma: educação em saúde; acolhimento e corresponsabilidade; busca de faltosos, monitoramento de exames e da adesão ao tratamento e, interdisciplinaridade e intersetorialidade. Conclusão: os enfermeiros utilizaram estratégias para potencializar a adesão ao tratamento com foco nas dimensões assistências e educacionais diante às vulnerabilidades dos pacientes. Necessitando ampliar a estratégia do tratamento diretamente observado para redução do abandono.
“Can I Work Here?”: Employment Barriers for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in Greece
Authors: Rachanioti Eleni , Giaouri Stergiani , Laskaraki Eleni , Alevriadou Anastasia
Published: August 2021

Research evidence has shown that employment is crucial and purposeful for people with intellectual disabilities, promoting positive effects associated with independent living and social inclusion. Notwithstanding, people with intellectual disabilities find it particularly difficult to accomplish successful employment. They face discrimination, and they are considered to lack work capacity. The extremely marginal position of people with intellectual disabilities in the labor market appears to prevail across national settings. Over the last 35 years, there has been an improvement in the vocational inclusion of individuals with intellectual disabilities in Greece, with the legislation embracing the human rights-based approach to disability. Nevertheless, the challenge of accomplishing full participation and equality in employment for people with intellectual disabilities still remains huge in Greece. Their participation rates in the Greek labour market are significantly lower than in the rest of the European Union. This article illustrates the employment provisions for individuals with intellectual disabilities in Greece. Additionally, it presents the current implemented models of their occupational inclusion while critically discussing the convention's pursuance on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the Greek context.
Specifics in Children's Drawings with Autism
Authors: Ivanova Veronika
Published: August 2021

Background: The peculiarities of sensory perception and perception of one's own body in children with autism are the basis for understanding their cognitive and social development difficulties.

Objective: The study aims to structure different categories of drawings of children with autism and compare them with the severity of autism measured by CARS2. Methods: 120 children aged 3 to 9 years were studied (X= 6.26, SD = 3.16). Drawings of autistic children. The children have a white sheet, pencils, a children's drawing table, and the experimenter asks them to draw a person. The children were studied with CARS. 2. Clinical method: includes observation, direct work with the child on each of the topics of the methodology used, interview with parents, diagnostic discussion with the clinical team. Psychodiagnostic method: includes an examination of children with mental developmental stairs, assessment of cognitive, communication, socioemotional and sensorimotor functions. CARS 2 Childhood Autism Rating Scale | Second Edition Statistical.

Method: includes data processing using the SPSS programme. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, a frequency distribution of data are used for data analysis.

Results: The results show eight main categories of drawings in autistic children: 1. circles, water; 2. patches of colour covering the human figure or representing a human figure without an external boundary; 3. figures and letters; 4. human figures fenced as a bubble, a human figure composed of parts of objects (the elements are not connected); 5. objects with geometric shapes (buildings, roads with markings, apartment blocks, strange shells; 6. road signs, logos.

Conclusions: There is no statistical dependence between the severity of autistic symptomatology and the types of drawings. We can draw some conclusions about how a child with autism perceives his own body from the presented results. Because we see that in mild and moderate degrees of autism CARS 2, the whole variety of drawing categories was evaluated, while in severe and very severe degrees of expression of the disorder circles, colourful spots with vague boundaries predominate. Children with autism often identify with non-living objects, street signs, eccentric houses and towers.
O corpo da deficiência sob o olhar docente no Atendimento Educacional Especializado
Authors: Da Silva Barbosa Liziane , Sardagna Helena Venites
Published: August 2021

Este artigo compõe-se do recorte de uma pesquisa que discute sobre o olhar docente no Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) e as expectativas em relação aos estudantes, problematizando como professores desse serviço de apoio criam/inventam estratégias pedagógicas que incidem no corpo e nas condutas dos estudantes com deficiência, em escolas da Região Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Objetivou-se compreender e analisar governamentos engendrados nas práticas que incidem sobre os estudantes nos atendimentos em espaços denominados Salas de Recursos Multifuncionais. Buscou-se inspiração em noções foucaultianas da análise do discurso, como jogos estratégicos, sob a grade de inteligibilidade da governamentalidade enquanto arte de governar as condutas e os modos de agir socialmente, no contexto da biopolítica. O exercício analítico permitiu a organização dos resultados em eixos temáticos, quais sejam: i) Saberes especializados: o (bio)poder da medicina e da psicologia na educação; ii) As verdades sobre a família: o desencaixe em relação às expectativas do especialista; iii) A deficiência: a distinção entre normal e anormal como marcador do corpo. Conclui-se que o AEE é um campo de disputa de poderes e saberes diversos que produzem desejos e vontades, e inventam verdades que transformam os sujeitos com deficiência em um corpo teórico — um corpo imaginário, manipulável e superador contumaz.
Revista Wacht und Weide in Kirche und Schule: saberes a ensinar e para ensinar geometria
Authors: Kuhn Malcus Cassiano , Martins Britto Silvio Luiz
Published: August 2021

O artigo analisa a revista técnica Wacht und Weide in Kirche und Schule e tem como objetivo investigar saberes a ensinar e para ensinar geometria nas escolas paroquiais luteranas gaúchas do século passado, a partir das edições do periódico. A revista foi editada para pastores luteranos e professores paroquiais pela Igreja Evangélica Luterana do Brasil, através da Casa Publicadora Concórdia de Porto Alegre, no período de 1936 a 1939. Com abordagem qualitativa e análise de fontes documentais, a investigação possui aporte metodológico na pesquisa histórica e no conceito de cultura escolar, para análise das 17 edições da revista. Era desejo dos editores que pastores luteranos e professores paroquiais estivessem aptos para darem uma educação cristã, com vivência da espiritualidade na prática e uma ação educacional para servir no mundo, e, por isso, a abordagem de temáticas teológicas e pedagógicas em suas edições. Como saberes a ensinar geometria foram identificados: medidas lineares, superficiais e volumétricas; medidas a escala; área de quadrado, retângulo, trapézio, triângulo e círculo; comprimento da circunferência; volume de cubo, prisma retangular, cilindro e tronco de cone. E como saberes para ensinar geometria se destacam:  atividades de estimativa e de medida com régua dobrável e fita métrica, exploração do ambiente interno e externo da escola e análise de situações reais. Diante do exposto, destaca-se que para ensinar os saberes relacionados com medidas, áreas e volume, sugere-se o envolvimento ativo dos estudantes, com atividades práticas e utilização de materiais concretos e situações contextualizadas, para compreensão dos saberes geométricos.
Educação a Distância e o uso dos Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem: entre o Ideal e o Possível
Authors: Maieski Alessandra , Morosov Alonso Kátia
Published: August 2021

É indiscutível a relevância dos Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVA) como espaços de formação, devido a consolidarem “lugares/espaços” de outras e novas apropriações das práticas pedagógicas. Justamente por isso a importância de pesquisas, discussões e problematizações voltadas para os processos formativos online, assim como para o uso dos AVA. Nesse artigo, quando se fala de mediação e de interação é em uma perspectiva histórico-cultural, compreendendo que esses conceitos se configuram como elementos promotores da aprendizagem, determinando as relações e os papéis dos sujeitos nos cursos de formação on-line. Nesse sentido, esse artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de Mestrado que tem como objetivo investigar os processos e procedimentos de mediação e de interação nos cursos de formação on-line da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Para responder a tal objetivo, o problema que se propôs investigar é como os processos e procedimentos de mediação e de interação podem ser identificados nos cursos de formação on-line da UFMT? A abordagem utilizada foi qualitativa, com a metodologia da observação participante. Os resultados apontam que se faz necessária uma discussão sobre políticas públicas e institucionais, sobre o trabalho docente e do tutor, e, no caso da EaD, sobre o “lugar” do aluno no contexto da cultura digital e da sociedade conectada.
Estratégias autoprejudiciais em matemática: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Minoru Torisu Edmilson , Boruchovitch Evely
Published: August 2021

A adoção de estratégias autoprejudiciais de aprendizagem envolve a criação ou declaração de obstáculos, reais ou fictícios, antes da realização de uma tarefa para justificar, antecipadamente, um possível fracasso ou para tornar um sucesso mais recompensador para a autoimagem. Esta prática pode afetar o desempenho e ter consequências desastrosas para o estudante. No caso da Matemática, disciplina temida por muitos, a importância de se pesquisar a influência destas estratégias na vida dos estudantes parece ser ainda maior. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura que investiga a adoção de estratégias autoprejudiciais no âmbito da Matemática. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, PsycINFO e ERIC. A amostra final incluiu 10 textos, todos internacionais, sendo 3 trabalhos em eventos e 7 artigos em periódicos. Os resultados revelaram que vários fatores contribuem para a adoção, ou não, de estratégias autoprejudiciais em Matemática. O ambiente de sala de aula e o apoio que o professor oferece a seus alunos, bem como a importância de se considerar outros construtos, como a autoestima e autoeficácia, como algo que afeta a escolha pelo uso de estratégias autoprejudiciais foram variáveis-chave para maior compreensão da adoção destas estratégias. O pequeno número de pesquisas encontrado no âmbito da Matemática sugere que este é ainda um campo profícuo para novas pesquisas, tanto brasileiras quanto internacionais.
O relato de si e a escuta do Outro – violência e responsabilidade nas narrativas docentes
Authors: De Barros Kellen Dias , Alves Luciana Pires
Published: August 2021

Nosso artigo surge das reflexões sobre as implicações éticas da escuta dos relatos de si de professoras durante as pesquisas dos cotidianos. Ao pesquisar o que fazemos? Pesquisar é escarafunchar a alma alheia? Os sentidos do discurso? É uma atribuição de sentido para além da própria existência do objeto ou sujeito? A pesquisa poderia ser especialmente baseada na escuta e não no que se discorre acerca do escutado? Esse exercício se dá no contexto de execução de grupos de estudo bimestrais com professoras de uma escola municipal de Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro. Temos como disparadores a leitura: literária ou antropológica e é ela que nos comove e dá comoção (trabalho de campo). Em lugar de interpelar as professoras através dos discursos da resistência e enfrentamento, traçamos um expediente de compreensão quando atravessamos muitos dos limiares presentes nos modos de abordar as falas docentes e interrogar os limites dos epistêmicos e políticos pertencentes aos paradigmas informados pelo patriarcado. Nossa pesquisa passa por assumir nossa abertura incondicional e o que nela podemos perceber durante o exercício da escuta de outras profissionais de fé: as professoras da escola. E este artigo é o fruto dessa expansão. Um dos resultados não pressupostos da experiência de escuta. Escutamos e não ensinamos algo objetivo que vá mudar a ação docente de forma que possamos medir, qualificar, quantificar, etc. Nos modificamos mutuamente, em alguma medida não medida, ao tentar nos abrir eticamente ao Outro.
Por uma nova didática: discursos e narrativas no Ensino Superior
Authors: Siqueira Maia Vinagre Mocarzel Marcelo , Rangel Mary
Published: August 2021

Este artigo reúne experiências realizadas em uma instituição de ensino superior confessional, localizada no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A partir de convênio firmado com o Google para Educação, novas abordagens didáticas foram sugeridas aos professores de todos os cursos, objetivando uma maior qualificação das aulas e ummaior interesse dos estudantes. Os docentes foram apresentados ao conceito de metodologias ativas, ferramentas que buscam dinamizar as aulas e tornar mais significativo o aprendizado dos estudantes. As falas de alunos de uma turma da disciplina Didática, oferecida aos cursos de História e Pedagogia, sobre as aulas, sobre as metodologias ativas e o uso de tecnologias Google, foram interpretadas com uso daAnálise de Discurso. As falas foram coletadas na avaliação do curso e retratam, em certa medida, que muitos dos objetivos traçados, pela instituição quando da proposta do uso de metodologias ativas de aprendizagem e ferramentas tecnológicas e pelo docente responsável quanto à sequência de ações didáticas, foram alcançados, e alguns deles até superados.
Pedagogos em formação: revisão sistemática das trajetórias formativas, identidades, letramento e perfil midiático
Authors: Bez Fontana Arndt Klalter , Cruz Dulce Márcia
Published: August 2021

A identidade midiática do pedagogo em formação sofre influência direta da trajetória formativa e da representação social que estes sujeitos têm sobre a profissão escolhida e na relação com as mídias em seu cotidiano. A partir dessa hipótese, o presente trabalho integra uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento que tem por objetivo verificar e analisar o perfil midiático do pedagogo em formação, numa possível articulação da constituição deste perfil com sua trajetória formativa e com a representação social que estes sujeitos têm sobre a profissão do pedagogo. O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar um retrato temporal de pesquisas já realizadas sobre trajetórias formativas, representação social, identidades, letramento e perfil midiático, evidenciando desde o detalhamento do percurso metodológico até os resultados encontrados. A metodologia usada foi a revisão sistemática e o recorte temporal foi de 10 anos (2010 a 2020), que culminou na análise atenta de 75 trabalhos, resultantes de pesquisas acadêmicas da área da educação. O resultado evidenciou a relevância de pesquisas sobre identidades e sua interface com trajetória formativa, principalmente quando os sujeitos são pedagogos em formação. Discutir sobre identidade midiática dos pedagogos requer levar em consideração a sua relação com as mídias, como estas estiveram presentes em sua trajetória formativa e como essa relação contribuiu na constituição da sua identidade.
Base nacional: Uma reflexão a partir da representação social de professores(as) sobre a BNCC
Authors: Rodrigues dos Santos Camila , Silva do Nascimento Melo Elda , Melo de Morais Erivania
Published: August 2021

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) foi instituída com o objetivo de difundir conteúdos basilares para toda a Educação Básica brasileira, buscando o alcance da meta que prevê a aprendizagem com qualidade para as crianças de todo o país e a superação dos baixos índices nas avaliações nacionais e internacionais. Diante desse cenário, esse artigo traz debates de uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa de abordagem psicossocial pautada na Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS), realizada em 2019, tendo como objetivo refletir sobre a representação social que professores da rede básica de uma escola pública de ensino em Natal/Rio Grande do Norte têm sobre a BNCC. Por meio da estratégia metodológica da Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavra (TALP), buscou-se investigar os fios que entrelaçam as concepções desses professores(as), levantando as seguintes questões: Como esses professores(as) a partir das suas experiências com a docência, entendem a BNCC? Como está acontecendo a implementação da BNCC nas escolas de rede pública? É possível a partir da BNCC construir um currículo que combata as injustiças sociais e democratize a educação como um direito tal qual foi preconizado pela constituição de 1988? Os resultados encontrados contribuem para necessidade de construir formações pautadas no chão da história e nas realidades concretas da escola para elaboração de projetos pedagógicos curriculares.