bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA POR MEIO DE PROJETOS DE APRENDIZAGEM NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Lima Thiago José Bezerra de
Published: September 2024

O mundo contemporâneo está sob inúmeros problemas que somente podem ser analisados por cidadãos conscientes que compreendam os desafios existentes com pretensão de encontrar possíveis soluções. Para que isso ocorra, é necessária uma educação que seja transformadora. Nessa perspectiva, aqui serão expostos projetos de aprendizagem vivenciados por um professor que conduz investigações científicas para estudantes da educação básica na primeira escola técnica de Caruaru, Pernambuco. Dessa forma, serão apresentados elementos dessa metodologia baseada em projetos em que o professor propôs parceria com outros docentes e profissionais de educação da instituição, onde identificaram em seus processos de trabalho os impactos que podem influenciar na vida acadêmica e na vida social dos estudantes que participaram diretamente na execução destes projetos. Resultando, assim, em estudantes com visão crítica perante a realidade social em que vivem para realização de investigações científicas a partir da participação em olímpiadas científicas, feiras de ciência, bem como para a construção e execução de projetos escolares.
Palavras-chave: Investigação científica; Eventos científicos; Projetos de aprendizagem.
UTILIZANDO A APLICAÇÃO QUIZIZZ COMO FERRAMENTA DE AVALIAÇÃO EM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Santos Thiago Nunes de Barros , Silva Fredson Murilo da
Published: September 2024

Neste estudo buscou-se demonstrar a aplicabilidade do Quizizz como ferramenta avaliativa na aprendizagem do ensino de Matemática. A metodologia proposta foi composta pela utilização do aplicativo Quizizz em turmas do 6º Ano do Ensino Fundamental Anos Finais de Feira Nova, Pernambuco. A intervenção foi executada na forma de aplicação do jogo e observação dos feedbacks possibilitados através da ferramenta. Os dados revelaram que o uso do Quiz promoveu um maior interesse e engajamento das interações sociais aluno-aluno e aluno-professor, aumentou a motivação e potencializou a aprendizagem dos alunos, além de contribui positivamente para o trabalho do professor, visto que é de fácil manuseio e apresenta imediatamente os resultados alcançados pelos alunos.
Palavras-chave:  Avaliação Matemática. Tecnologias Educacionais.  Quizizz
TIKTOK: A REDE SOCIAL DO MOMENTO NA SEMANA DO MEIO AMBIENTE
Authors: Mendes Mayra de Santana , Silva Rafaela Bezerra da , Novaes Caroline Géssica Gomes de , Silva Mayara Lima da
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo tem por finalidade expor práticas inovadoras na educação através da tecnologia. Este trabalho irá relatar a experiência de estudantes da Zona Rural do município de Glória do Goitá - PE com uma das redes sociais mais comentadas da atualidade, o TikTok. Esta vicência aconteceu na Escola Rosa Beltrão de Farias, no Sítio Araçá, com os alunos do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com idades entre 9 e 10 anos,  durante a Semana do meio ambiente, tendo como temática ações preventivas para o cuidado com o planeta e a proposta principal foi de gravação de vídeos com as músicas que repercutem na rede e associar ao assunto proposto. Ao final do projeto, os estudantes apresentaram vídeos divertidos e encantadores e conseguiram atingir a comunidade local. 
Palavras-chave: TikTok; Tecnologia; Meio Ambiente.
DA UNIVERSIDADE AO CHÃO DA ESCOLA: VIVÊNCIAS NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES POR MEIO DA PEDAGOGIA DA GRATIDÃO
Authors: Muniz Fausto José Araújo , Siqueira Jessiklécia Josinalva de , Oliveira Gilvaneide Ferreira de , Oliveira Maria Marly de
Published: September 2024

Adaptando-se às transformações ocorridas no mundo, o papel do professor e os conceitos de aprendizagem vêm se modificando; e as atividades desse professor passam a ser vistas como um diferencial na aprendizagem. Levando em conta essa assertiva, o objetivo deste artigo é buscar relacionar a vivência imersiva nessa pedagogia com a construção dos mestrandos, sob o olhar da formação docente, por meio dos relatos, registros e realizações durante a disciplina de Metodologias e Aprendizagem do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação em Ciências e Matemática da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Campus Acadêmico do Agreste (CAA). Ao final das atividades na instituição, os mestrandos escreveram cartas destinadas ao corpo escolar que abraçou a proposta e uniu forças para fazer toda a vivência ser possível. Muito mais do que uma emoção, a gratidão está nos pequenos gestos e atitudes diárias que temos para conosco e para com os que nos cercam. Percebemos carência de novos estudos para ampliação da literatura pertinente à temática. E, com a experiência descrita, foram conciliadas perspectivas para disciplinas, desde a educação básica à pós-graduação, para o fortalecimento da formação inicial e continuada de professores e para a replicabilidade em espaços formais e não formais.
A GRATIDÃO COMO PRÁTICA DO CUIDAR DE SI
Authors: Araújo Maria Dalvaneide de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

A importância do autoconhecimento vem sendo enunciada desde a antiguidade até os tempos atuais, a exemplo da filosofia platônico-socrática com o “conhece-te a ti mesmo” e ainda Spinoza e Freud, entre outros, que trazem o conhecimento de si como uma conquista por meio de um processo contínuo na realização da liberdade. O autoconhecimento nos permite desenvolver a prática do autocuidado, pois, ao nos conhecermos melhor, é possível identificar nossas fragilidades e potencialidades, desenvolvendo, assim, ações possíveis de equalizar nossa existência. Autocuidado é o cuidar de si e, como toda prática, precisamos de exercícios para poder executá-la. Assim, passearemos um pouco pelas perspectivas de autores que apresentaram algumas técnicas de autoconhecimento e pelos escritos do próprio Foucault, com os exercícios do cuidar de si. Propositalmente, não seguimos uma linha única de exercícios práticos por reconhecermos que somos diferentes, tanto como pessoas entre si quanto na própria pessoa nas várias fases da vida. Não nos detivemos apenas a autoras e autores que fazem parte dos clássicos acadêmicos, mas também enfocamos aqueles que tenham dado contribuições para práticas pedagógicas diversas. Outrossim, ainda quanto à gratidão como prática pedagógica, ressaltamos as pesquisas realizadas por Martin Seligman, professor da Universidade da Pensilvânia, psicólogo, ex-presidente da Associação Americana de Psicologia, que apresenta o exercício da gratidão como uma atividade didática  denominada “A visita de gratidão”. Essa atividade foi realizada em nossa intervenção, seguindo as orientações do autor que sugere solicitarmos (no nosso caso, aos estudantes) para fecharem os olhos e trazer à mente a imagem de uma pessoa que ainda esteja viva e com quem não tenha contato há algum tempo, alguém que tenha contribuído de forma positiva para a vida de quem a está visualizando ou, como ensina Seligman (2012): “Alguém a quem você nunca tenha agradecido adequadamente” (p. 22).Depois de realizar a visualização, pede-se para que abram os olhos e escrevam uma carta de gratidão a essa pessoa. Em seguida, a orientação é combinar de visitá-la e entregar-lhe a carta pessoalmente. Nessa oportunidade, deve-se ler a carta sem pressa, observar a reação dela e a sua própria, para logo depois discutir o conteúdo da carta.
INOVAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL: DISSEMINANDO PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS INOVADORAS
Authors: Silva Fredson Murilo da , Neves Ricardo Ferreira das
Published: September 2024

A busca por novos métodos, oportunidades, ferramentas e formatos começou a se tornar uma necessidade para a melhoria dos procedimentos didático-pedagógicos, visando garantir a qualidade dos resultados em processos denominados de inovação. Este artigo busca, portanto, apresentar algumas estratégias implementadas com foco na inovação educacional, utilizadas por professores, institutos e universidades, na busca de práticas diferenciadas para com os estudantes. Iniciativas brasileiras para programas e premiação têm sido concebidas para despertar a inovação nos professores. Vários editais têm sido lançados para apresentações de práticas pedagógicas inovadoras desde a formação inicial, tais como o edital do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amapá, o prêmio do Instituto Tomie Ohtake, o movimento LED e o professor inovador. Nesse contexto, iniciativas inovadoras foram apresentadas na perspectiva de replicabilidade e implementação. Algumas delas são exemplos de inovações que podem ser realizadas em sala de aula ou na comunidade escolar, e os professores podem ser os multiplicadores. Essas práticas pedagógicas inovadoras foram sistematizadas para que os docentes possam repensar seu papel como agentes inovadores. Vale ressaltar que, apesar de muitas dessas práticas terem sido compartilhadas por professores e instituições, ainda é preciso compreender a expansão em que elas estão inseridas, pois, como afirma Souza et al. (2018), ainda faltam estudos que busquem compilar dados e mostrem o panorama inovador das escolas e professores, inclusive as iniciativas nacionais realizadas.
VIVÊNCIAS DECOLONIAIS: explorando metodologias na Educação das Relações Étnico-raciais no Afoxé Omô Nilê Ogunjá
Authors: Sousa Edson Carlos Sobral De
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho descreve as experiências vivenciadas ao longo da disciplina "Metodologias, Aprendizagem e a Educação das Relações Étnico-raciais", com foco nos dois finais de semana de imersão no afoxé Ômo Nilê Ogunjá. Organizado em quatro seções, o estudo aborda as expectativas prévias, atividades realizadas durante as imersões, reflexões críticas sobre as experiências e análise dos resultados obtidos. Na seção de motivação e antecedências, o autor evidencia seu interesse na disciplina devido à temática ligada ao Grupo Aya Sankofa e à curiosidade despertada por uma experiência imersiva. A leitura prévia sobre pedagogia decolonial foi crucial para compreender o contexto das vivências posteriores. A primeira semana de imersão é detalhada em três subseções: antecipação e dormida, "Olhar para o céu" e inovação, prática e subjetividades. O autor descreve a experiência de convivência no afoxé, salientando a importância do estreitamento de laços entre os participantes e a superação de preconceitos religiosos. Além disso, relata a riqueza das discussões teóricas e práticas vivenciadas, como o aprendizado sobre dança e música afro-brasileiras. Na segunda semana de imersão, o autor relata as etapas de planejamento e execução de um projeto para uma escola da educação básica, evidenciando os desafios enfrentados e as lições aprendidas durante o processo. Destaca-se a necessidade de adaptação às realidades locais e a importância do diálogo com a comunidade escolar. Por fim, na análise crítica, o autor reflete sobre como as experiências vivenciadas superaram suas expectativas iniciais, contribuindo para sua formação pessoal e profissional. Releva-se a importância da inovação pedagógica e do diálogo intercultural na promoção da decolonialidade na educação. Em suma, o estudo oferece uma reflexão profunda sobre as experiências vivenciadas durante a disciplina, salientando os desafios e as oportunidades encontradas ao longo do processo de imersão no afoxé e na elaboração de projetos para a educação básica.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO DAS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO RACIAIS NO TERREIRO DE CANDOMBLÉ ILÊ AXÉ OJUOMI
Authors: Firmo Luciana Alves
Published: September 2024

A disciplina "Metodologias, Aprendizagem e a Educação das Relações Étnico-raciais 2023" proporcionou uma abordagem inovadora ao ser realizada de forma imersiva no terreiro de candomblé Ilê Axé Ojuomi, no bairro do Ibura, em Recife-PE. Sob a orientação dos Professores Doutores Marcos Barros e Ivanildo de Carvalho, a disciplina do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino das Ciências e da Matemática da UFPE teve como objetivo desenvolver competências para desenhar e implementar propostas de atividades envolvendo a educação das relações étnico-raciais (ERER). A metodologia adotada incluiu aulas com debates, atividades interativas, práticas e trabalhos em grupo. A vivência no terreiro permitiu uma imersão profunda nos conteúdos, proporcionando uma compreensão mais ampla das práticas educativas decoloniais e da importância da oralidade nas religiões de matriz africana. A discussão sobre metodologias ativas, inovação pedagógica e questões decoloniais proporcionou reflexões significativas sobre o papel da educação na desconstrução de preconceitos e na promoção da equidade. Durante os encontros, os participantes tiveram a oportunidade de vivenciar diversas atividades, como oficinas de dança e percussão, apresentações teatrais e rodas de conversa com coletivos focados na cultura afro-brasileira. Além disso, foram realizadas visitas a escolas próximas ao terreiro, onde foram desenvolvidas atividades com os estudantes, visando despertar o pensamento crítico-reflexivo sobre as questões étnico-raciais. A interação com a comunidade local e a participação em eventos como o Feijão de Ogum proporcionaram uma experiência enriquecedora, reforçando a importância do diálogo entre a universidade e os espaços comunitários na promoção da educação das relações étnico-raciais. Ao final da disciplina, os participantes foram convidados a desenvolver projetos de intervenção escolar para quatro escolas do bairro do Ibura, consolidando o aprendizado adquirido e contribuindo para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva. A experiência vivenciada no terreiro de candomblé Ilê Axé Ojuomi permitiu uma reflexão profunda sobre as práticas educativas e o papel da universidade na promoção da diversidade cultural e na luta contra o racismo. A imersão no contexto religioso afro-brasileiro proporcionou uma compreensão mais ampla das questões étnico-raciais, reforçando a importância do respeito e da valorização da diversidade como fundamentos para uma educação mais inclusiva e transformadora.
IMERSÃO E VIVÊNCIAS NO TERREIRO DE CANDOMBLÉ: aprendizagem através de metodologias ativas para uma educação inclusiva e de valorização da cultura afro-brasileira
Authors: Telles Marcela Conceição da Silva Sena
Published: September 2024

Este artigo relata a experiência vivida no Terreiro de Candomblé Ilê Axé Ojuomi, situado no bairro do Ibura, Recife/PE, por meio da imersão proporcionada pelos professores Dr. Marcos Barros e Dr. Ivanildo Carvalho durante a disciplina "Metodologias, Aprendizagem e Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais", dividida em dois blocos. O primeiro ocorreu nos dias 21, 22 e 23 de abril de 2023, e o segundo de 02 a 04 de junho de 2023. O texto investiga a interação entre terreiros de candomblé e metodologias de ensino, evidenciando a abundância de conhecimentos tradicionais, identidades, ancestralidade e culturas afro-brasileiras presentes nesse contexto. Destaca-se a valorização da diversidade e a necessidade de transcender os limites da sala de aula convencional. A vivência compreendeu a participação em aulas, apresentações culturais e visitas a escolas e terreiros, proporcionando uma compreensão mais profunda da história e dos saberes afro-brasileiros. Sobressai-se a importância de uma pedagogia que fomente o diálogo intercultural e reconheça as múltiplas influências e saberes presentes na sociedade brasileira.
Assessing the influence of organizational culture on small, medium and micro enterprise’s business sustainability in the eThekwini Municipal area
Authors:   , Khoza Ntokozo Thanks-Lord
Published: September 2024

This research accepted that the government of South Africa supports the development of Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) due to their potential to grow the country’s economy. The research then aimed to ascertain the extent to which the influence of organizational culture on SMMEs can influence business sustainability in the eThekwini Municipal area of South Africa. The study scrutinized the ability of SMME managers and operators on how they can through organizational culture ensure business sustainability in a way that contributes to sustainable economic growth. Additionally, the factors that influence the development and the performances of SMMEs in the eThekwini Municipal area were observed. The study follows the human behaviour of SMME managers, operators, and business owners as to how they can contribute to economic development and survive in the competitive market. Using simple random sampling, data was collected from various SMMEs in the eThekwini Municipal area. A total of 250 entrepreneurs responded to the questionnaire. This data was captured and analyzed on SPSS (version 26) and yielded descriptive statistics. The key findings were that the entrepreneurs revealed that business awareness; transparency; market capturing; opportunity recognition; market intelligence; clarity of purpose; business risk; creativity; self-motivation; and team spirit were all significant in founding and operating a successful business. A challenge that emerged from the respondents was that a high number of entrepreneurs did not give much significance to assuming responsibilities. However, they were taking good care of their environments and using their cultural values to reform the environment. The main objective is that entrepreneurs, operatives and managers must learn to assume responsibly if they are to build their businesses and environment that renounces incorrigible act. This could also be an avenue for further research.
O DILEMA ENTRE O DIREITO À INFORMAÇÃO E OS DIREITOS DA PESSOA PRESA À LUZ DA VEDAÇÃO LEGAL À CONDUTA DO PERP WALK
Authors: Rodrigues Angel Aracelly , Jurubeba Yuri Anderson Pereira
Published: September 2024

Este artigo aborda o problema da aplicação de sanções prévias e da estigmatização social resultante da exposição midiática conhecida como perp walk, evidenciando o conflito entre o direito à informação e o direito à imagem das pessoas submetidas à prisão. A análise foca nos impactos negativos dessa exposição sensacionalista, principalmente em relação a indivíduos marginalizados que não são figuras de autoridade ou não possuem notoriedade social. Diante dessa problemática, o artigo questiona se a prática do perp walk constitui uma violação ao direito fundamental à imagem ou se é um exercício legítimo do direito de informar. Para desenvolver essa discussão, o trabalho apresenta inicialmente o conceito de perp walk e enumera os direitos garantidos às pessoas presas. Em seguida, explora o antagonismo existente entre o direito à imagem e o direito à informação, além de examinar a influência das autoridades policiais na exposição midiática dos detidos.
Independent validation of IASI/MetOp-A LMD and RAL CH4 products using CAMS model, in situ profiles, and ground-based FTIR measurements
Authors: Dils Bart , Zhou Minqiang , Camy-Peyret Claude , De Mazière Martine , Kangah Yannick , Langerock Bavo , Prunet Pascal , Serio Carmine , Siddans Richard , Kerridge Brian
Published: September 2024

Abstract. In this study, we carried out an independent validation of two methane retrieval algorithms using spectra from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) that has been aboard the Meteorological Operational Satellite A (MetOp-A) since 2006. Both algorithms, one developed by the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), called the non-linear inference scheme (NLISv8.3), and the other by the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), referred to as RALv2.0, provide long-term global CH4 concentrations using distinctively different retrieval approaches (neural network vs. optimal estimation, respectively). They also differ with respect to the vertical range covered, where LMD provides mid-tropospheric dry-air mole fractions (mtCH4), and RAL provides mixing ratio profiles from which we can derive total column-averaged dry-air mole fractions (XCH4) and potentially two partial column layers (qCH4). We compared both CH4 products using the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) model, in situ profiles (range extended using CAMS model data), and ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) remote-sensing measurements. The average difference (in mtCH4) with respect to in situ profiles for LMD ranges between −0.3 and 10.9 ppb, while for RAL the XCH4 difference ranges between −4.6 and −1.6 ppb. The standard deviation (SD) of the observed differences between in situ measurements and RAL retrievals is 14.1–21.9 ppb, which is consistently smaller than that between LMD retrievals and in situ measurements (15.2–30.6 ppb). By comparing with ground-based FTIR sites, the mean differences are within ±10 ppb for both RAL and LMD retrievals. However, the SD of the differences at the ground-based FTIR stations shows significantly lower values for RAL (11–15 ppb) than for LMD (about 25 ppb). The long-term trend and seasonal cycles of CH4 derived from the LMD and RAL products are further investigated and discussed. The seasonal variation in XCH4 derived from RAL is consistent with the seasonal variation observed by the ground-based FTIR measurements. However, the overall 2007–2015 XCH4 trend derived from RAL measurements is underestimated, if not adjusted, for an anomaly occurring on 16 May 2013 due to a L1 calibration change. For LMD, we see very good agreement at the (sub)tropics (<35° N–35° S) but notice deviations in the seasonal cycle (both in the amplitude and phase) and an underestimation of the long-term trend with respect to the RAL and reference data at higher-latitude sites.
Salinity and Stratification at the Sea Ice Edge (SASSIE): an oceanographic field campaign in the Beaufort Sea
Authors: Drushka Kyla , Westbrook Elizabeth , Bingham Frederick M. , Gaube Peter , Dickinson Suzanne , Fournier Severine , Menezes Viviane , Misra Sidharth , Pérez Valentín Jaynice , Rainville Edwin J. , Schanze Julian J. , Schmidgall Carlyn , Shcherbina Andrey , Steele Michael , Thomson Jim , Zippel Seth
Published: September 2024

Abstract. As our planet warms, Arctic sea ice coverage continues to decline, resulting in complex feedbacks with the climate system. The core objective of NASA's Salinity and Stratification at the Sea Ice Edge (SASSIE) mission is to understand how ocean salinity and near-surface stratification affect upper-ocean heat content and thus sea ice freeze and melt. SASSIE specifically focuses on the formation of Arctic Sea ice in autumn. The SASSIE field campaign in 2022 collected detailed observations of upper-ocean properties and meteorology near the sea ice edge in the Beaufort Sea using ship-based and piloted and drifting assets. The observations collected during SASSIE include vertical profiles of stratification up to the sea surface, air–sea fluxes, and ancillary measurements that are being used to better understand the role of salinity in coupled Arctic air–sea–ice processes. This publication provides a detailed overview of the activities during the 2022 SASSIE campaign and presents the publicly available datasets generated by this mission (available at https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/SASSIE, last access: 29 May 2024; DOIs for individual datasets in the “Data availability” section), introducing an accompanying repository that highlights the numerical routines used to generate the figures shown in this work.
Comparison of monthly GRACE-FO gravity fields from KBR and different LRI Level-1B data sets
Authors: Hauk Markus , Dahle Christoph , Flechtner Frank , Müller Laura , Müller Vitali
Published: September 2024

The main observations to recover monthly gravity fields from the GRACE-FO mission are provided by two different and independent instruments, which are the K-band ranging (KBR) instrument and the Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI). From general perspective, both instruments should measure the same gravitational signals and lead to a similar recovery of monthly gravity fields.Official Level-1B products for KBR and LRI are provided by the GRACE-FO Science Data System (SDS) and are processed at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). For LRI, alternative Level-1B products are also provided by the Albert-Einstein-Institute (AEI). The German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) processed monthly gravity field solutions using the different Level-1B data sets mentioned before to assess the quality of these solutions and identify possible differences caused by the different Level-1B products. In view of the upcoming reprocessing of an improved GFZ release 7 (RL07) time series, the processing method was already adapted compared to the current GFZ RL06 standards, e.g., by an optimized stochastic modelling of instrument errors for KBR/LRI, GPS and accelerometer observations.In this presentation, comparisons between GFZ RL06 KBR solutions and improved GFZ preliminary RL07 KBR and LRI (using different LRI data sets) solutions are made in the spatial and frequency domain, and conclusions are driven in terms of quality and quantity.
Use of GRACE, Rainfall-Runoff and Global Circulation Models to Assess the Primary Source(s) of the Nile Floods and their Intensity in the 21st Century
Authors: Sultan Mohamed , Badawy Ahmed , Yan Eugene , Abdelmohsen Karem , Torres-Uribe Hugo
Published: September 2024

Extreme precipitation and flooding events are are becoming more common in many places worldwide necessitating developing a thorough understanding of this phenomena and implementing sustainable management scenarios of these added water resources. One of those settings is the source areas of the Nile River. Twice (1998-2003; 2019-2022) in the last two decades, high precipitation over the Nile River source areas has led to flooding in northern and central Sudan, the filling of Lake Nasser (LN), and the diversion of the overflow to depressions in the plateau bounding the Nile River from the west, where it is lost to evaporation. We adopted an integrated approach using temporal GRACE and GRACE-FO data, precipitation, and continuous rainfall-runoff models (Soil Water Assessment Tool; SWAT) and global circulation model (GCMs;   CCSM4, HadGEM3, and GFDL-CM4.0) projections to investigate the primary source area contributing to the observed increased in runoff that reached LN in the past two decades, and assessed the impact of climate change on the LN’s runoff throughout the 21st century. Findings include: (1) the primary contributor to increased downstream runoff reaching LN is the Blue Nile subbasin (BNS), (2) we simulated the BNS runoff  in the 21st century using a calibrated (calibration period: 1965-1992) rainfall-runoff model with CCSM4, HadGEM3, and GFDL-CM4.0 projections as model inputs, (3) the extreme value analysis that we conducted for the projected runoff driven by GCMs’ output indicates extreme floods are more severe in the 21st-century, (4) based on the predicted median values of stream flows for the 21st century, the stream flows are expected to increase by 2%, 5%, 9%, and 13%, corresponding to 25-, 50-, 100-, and 200-year events, respectively, under RCP 4.5 and 2%, 7%, 11%, 15% and 20% for 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 200-year events, respectively, under RCP 8.5, and (5) one adaptation for the projected 21st-century increase in precipitation (25%-39%) and flood (2%-20%) extremes is to recharge Egypt’s fossil aquifers during high flood years that are being depleted (2002-2023) by 0.98 km3/yr.
Independent Evaluation of GPCC and GPCP Precipitation Products and G3P and JPL Mascon TWS Products
Authors: Çakan Çağatay , Yılmaz M. Tuğrul , Dobslaw Henryk , Ince E. Sinem , Evrendilek Fatih , Förste Christoph , Yağcı Ali L.
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to independently evaluate precipitation and terrestrial water storage (TWS) products by analyzing hydrological drought characteristics across various climate zones. Hydrological drought characteristics were estimated using two TWS and two precipitation products as the hydrological drought recovery time (DRT). The TWS data were obtained from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO). The Global Gravity-based Ground Product (G3P) spherical harmonic solution and JPL mascon solution (RL06) were utilized as GRACE/GRACE-FO TWS products. Precipitation data were obtained from the Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC) Full Data Monthly Product version 2022 and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) version 3.2 monthly analysis product. Köppen-Geiger Climate Classifications were utilized in the presentation of the results of the study. Two methods were used to estimate DRT: (1) storage deficit, using the detrended TWS anomaly (dTWSA), and (2) required precipitation amount, using the detrended smoothed precipitation anomaly (cdPA) and the dTWSA. The storage deficit method is based on the calculation of the residuals of the dTWSA from its climatology. The required precipitation amount method is based on the linear relationship between the cdPA and dTWSA. The end of a hydrological drought was determined when the residuals of the dTWSA turned positive for the storage deficit method and when observed precipitation amount exceeded absolute required precipitation amount for the required precipitation amount method. Results indicated that the mean DRT estimations from GPCC and GPCP were similar. However, the mean DRT obtained from G3P was approximately three months shorter than that from the JPL mascon. For precipitation products, the results of the consistencies in mean DRT estimations between the two methods were similar to those of the mean DRT estimations, showing no significant difference between GPCC and GPCP. Conversely, the consistency in DRT estimations obtained from G3P was 5.0% higher than the consistency in DRT estimations obtained from JPL mascon. Among climate zones, the equatorial zone had the shortest DRT estimation (~10 months) and the highest consistency (~98%). In contrast, the polar zone had the most extended DRT estimation (~16 months) and the lowest consistency (~75%). Overall, findings demonstrate that GPCC and GPCP are closely aligned in terms of mean DRT estimations and consistency. Additionally, G3P exhibited slightly more consistent DRT estimations with precipitation products than did JPL mascon. By analyzing hydrological drought characteristics, this study provides a basis for a better understanding of meteorological and hydrological processes as well as assessing the accuracy of the precipitation and TWS products.
How well can we derive the time-variable gravity field before the GRACE mission based on SLR data?
Authors: Gałdyn Filip , Sośnica Krzysztof , Zajdel Radosław , Meyer Ulrich , Jäggi Adrian
Published: September 2024

The precise monitoring of the Earth's water cycle and the mass balance of glaciers and ice caps has become a cornerstone of contemporary geodesy, with satellite gravimetry playing a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of these processes. Before the GRACE era, the determination of monthly gravity field models relied on alternative methods, such as Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) to passive spherical satellites. While early applications of SLR data were limited to assessing the Earth's oblateness, advancements in satellite constellations, observational techniques, orbit, and background models eventually enabled the derivation of gravity field models to a degree and order 10 of spherical harmonics based on SLR. However, these models still do not match the spatial resolution achieved with GRACE data. Nevertheless, the long-term gravity field models derived from SLR data are a fundamental information source of large-scale global changes in ice mass, ocean and land hydrology, especially for periods predating 2002.This study addresses the challenge of limited high-resolution satellite gravimetry data available before the GRACE era by leveraging SLR data for large-scale changes and fitting GRACE data using an empirical function with stochastic parameters to enhance spatial resolution. By analyzing these combined datasets, we delimit global areas affected by significant accelerations in water storage and identify the dates for the maxima and minima of the function for the period from 1995 to 2024. We found that in the Svalbard region, ice mass accumulation reached its maximum in the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, followed by a significant acceleration of ice mass loss due to climate warming, which continues to the present day. Such a change in trend cannot be identified using solely GRACE data, therefore, the SLR+GRACE combinations are indispensable. A similar trend is observed in the Gulf of Alaska Glaciers, where ice mass loss has accelerated substantially since the beginning of the observations, particularly intensifying after 2012. In contrast, the Antarctic Peninsula saw a complete deceleration in ice mass loss, with the trend reversing around 2021. The results of our study show strong agreement with external validation datasets, including satellite altimetry and climate parameters such as Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies.
Validation of the state-of-the-art static gravity models using GRACE-FO laser ranging interferometer measurements
Authors: Ghobadi-Far Khosro , McCullough Christopher M.
Published: September 2024

Global static gravity field models are used for various applications such as determination of geoid height (i.e., vertical datum), satellite orbits, and ocean circulation models. Such static gravity models are obtained by combination of various satellite gravimetry data such as GRACE and GOCE, altimetry measurements over the oceans and terrestrial gravity measurements. These datasets have different error characteristics as well as spatial and spectral contents, which makes the data combination in model production very challenging. Therefore, it is very important to validate the global static gravity field models using independent observations not used in those models. Laser ranging interferometer (LRI) measurements acquired by the GRACE-FO show extraordinary sensitivity to small-scale static gravity signals down to 100 km. We use one year of GRACE LRI observations in 2019 to validate six state-of-the-art global static gravity models: GGM05C, GGM05S, ITSG-Grace2018s, GOCO-TIM-R06e, EIGEN-6C4, and GOCO06s. Our comprehensive analysis leads to detection of the spectral (spherical harmonic) band and spatial regions where these models suffer from errors. We discuss inefficacies of each model as well as their potential causes. Our unique study helps inform the model developers about the spectral band and spatial regions where their models need improvement.
Evaluation of GRACE and GRACE-FO terrestrial water storage change data in California using GNSS elastic deformation measurements 
Authors: Ghobadi-Far Khosro , Werth Susanna , Shirzaei Manoochehr
Published: September 2024

GRACE and GRACE-FO measurements of terrestrial water storage (TWS) change can help with the management of water resources. This is particularly important for California because of its large population, extensive irrigated lands, limited freshwater resources, and the impact of climate change, such as more frequent and prolonged droughts. California’s TWS signal has a significant spatiotemporal variability related to, e.g., snow in Sierra Nevada, groundwater in Central Valley, and large differences in TWS change magnitude in its northern and southern parts. Thus, it is important to evaluate the ability of GRACE and GRACE-FO to measure TWS in this region accurately. We begin by inspecting differences between seasonal variations in GRACE/GRACE-FO TWS data from SDS L2 data and the JPL, GSFC, and CSR mascon solutions. Then, we use elastic deformation measurements from ~1000 permanent GNSS stations in California to validate the GRACE/GRACE-FO observations of TWS changes. We invert 16 years (2006-2021) of GNSS measurements to estimate a high-resolution (25 km) map of seasonal TWS change in California. We then convert the seasonal TWS map estimated from GNSS to spherical harmonic coefficients and truncate at degree 40-60, commensurate with GRACE/GRACE-FO effective spatial scale. We then compare all GRACE/GRACE-FO TWS solutions to the low-pass filtered GNSS TWS map. This analysis demonstrates that the seasonal TWS map from GRACE/GRACE-FO is precisely a low-pass filtered version of the one from GNSS, highlighting the usefulness of GNSS for evaluating GRACE data. Through this comparison, we discuss the (1) similarity and differences among GRACE/GRACE-FO TWS change solutions, (2) decay of TWS amplitude from L2 solutions due to filtering, and (3) spatial regions where each TWS change solution might suffer from errors. This study offers a unique tool for validation various GRACE/GRACE-FO TWS solutions.
Assessing the effects of filtering on GRACE-FO signal: a case study of European river basins
Authors: Lenczuk Artur , Klos Anna , Bogusz Janusz
Published: September 2024

The provided gravity fields of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission are noisy. In order to restore the true geophysical signal, it is essential to apply an appropriate filter. A filtering minimizes the noise, as well as affects the real signal inducing uncertainty in the final results. To date, to restore the suppressed geophysical signal the majority of studies have relied on determining the scaling factor using a hydrological model. To estimate the magnitude of the leakage effect we use only the filtered GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) gravity fields. We study two different data-driven approaches, i.e. method of (i) scale and (ii) deviation. For the first method, to derive the scale factor a uniform layer approximation is used. The factor depends on the filter kernel used and the basin mask i.e., its shape and size, and is used to counter the attenuation of the basin-confined signal. For the second approach, the restored signal is independent of the river basin size. It attempts to obtain the deviation integral, which is determined from the filtered deviation field and the regional average estimated for the selected area. We analyze the signal leakage for GRACE-FO monthly gravity fields based on recent the Science Data System (SDS) solutions, i.e., the Center for Space Research (CSR), the German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ) and the NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). We use the available GRACE-FO data for 67 months (June 2018 to February 2024) in the form of spherical harmonics up to degree and order 96. For detailed analysis we choose 24 river basins over Europe that are larger than 50,000 km2 and experienced extreme hydrometeorological changes in recent years. To assess the reliability of obtained results we use total water storage (TWS) from GRACE-FO JPL mascon solution and the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) hydrological model. For spherical harmonics we find the largest differences between original (Gaussian-filtered) and data-driven fields in the parts of Europe indicating disparate TWS signals within small basins. We observe changes in trend values by ±1-2 mm/yr and amplitudes by up to 5 cm in the western and the northeastern river basins. The regions with extreme values are spatially coherent with the mascon solution results and are underestimated by the hydrological model mostly in the western areas. The estimated true leakage represents up to 30% of total TWS signal and varies from single cm (e.g., Douro, Ebro, Narva) to even 20 cm (e.g., Dniestr, Northern Dvina, Tigris-Euphrates).
Global high-resolution water storage simulations from the OS LISFLOOD hydrological model
Authors: Jensen Laura , Dill Robert , Balidakis Kyriakos , Dobslaw Henryk
Published: September 2024

Simulated terrestrial water storage (TWS) data from global hydrological models are indispensable for various geodetic applications, e.g. for the interpretation and improvement of GRACE/-FO gravity products, or for deriving time series of deformations of the Earth’s surface. So far, the Land Surface Discharge Model (LSDM) has been routinely used for such tasks at the GFZ. However, the current standard experiment of LSDM is already several years old, and many limitations are known, in particular a limited spatial resolution of 0.5°, which limits the accuracy of crustal deformation predictions close to rivers and lakes. In this contribution, we evaluate the suitability of OS LISFLOOD (https://ec-jrc.github.io/lisflood/), an open source, high-resolution hydrological rainfall-runoff-routing model, for geodetic purposes.We compare the performance of various global OS LISFLOOD model runs for the time period 2000 – 2022 against the current LSDM configuration. In addition to two OS LISFLOOD model implementations, which differ in their spatial resolution (0.1° and 0.05°) and their input land surface parameter data set, we also explore a number of high-resolution (0.05°) model runs with respect to the influence of the soil depth on simulated TWS. Model results are validated against mass anomalies from GRACE and GRACE-FO on different spatial and temporal scales. Furthermore, to demonstrate the benefit of the higher spatial resolution of OS LISFLOOD, we utilize data from around 500 ground based GNSS stations to validate the models’ performance regarding mass-induced loading.We find that OS LISFLOOD significantly outperforms LSDM in many regions, especially on interannual time scales, in terms of various validation metrics. Analyzing the different OS LISFLOOD runs reveals a large impact of the choice of soil depth and initialization technique on simulated TWS. With its daily temporal and high spatial resolution the new OS LISFLOOD-derived TWS time series have a wide range of potential applications, including downscaling and vertical disaggregation of GRACE/-FO TWS and in the background modeling during GRACE/-FO data processing.
GROOPS: The Open-source Software from TU Graz
Authors: Mayer-Guerr Torsten , Dumitraschkewitz Patrick , Krauss Sandro , Oehlinger Felix , Strasser Andreas , Suesser-Rechberger Barbara , Tieber-Hubman Cornelia
Published: September 2024

The Gravity Recovery Object Oriented Programming System (GROOPS) is a software package written in C++ that allows the user to perform core geodetic tasks. The software provides gravity field recovery from satellite and terrestrial data, determination of low earth orbits from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements, Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), and computation of GNSS constellations and ground station networks. In addition, GROOPS contains a variety of tools for analyzing and displaying mass changes including filtering, surface loading corrections and division into river basins.For easy and intuitive setup of complex workflows, GROOPS includes a graphical user interface for creating and editing configuration files. The source code of GROOPS is released under the GPL v3 licence and is available on GitHub (https://github.com/groops-devs/groops) together with documentation, a cookbook with guided examples and installation instructions for different platforms.
Quantifying accuracy and spatial resolution of GRACE(-FO) products and their impact on global data assimilation studies
Authors: Yang Fan , Schumacher Maike , Forootan Ehsan
Published: September 2024

Data Assimilation (DA) of time-variable satellite gravity observations, e.g., from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), GRACE-Follow On (GRACE-FO) and future gravity missions, can be applied to constrain the vertical sum of water storage simulations of Global Hydrological Models (GHMs). However, the state-of-the-art DA of these measured Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) changes into models is often performed regionally, and if globally, at low spatial resolution. To perform a reliable global DA system with GRACE(-FO), several major challenges must be addressed, (1) what’s the accuracy of GRACE(-FO), (2) what’s the spatial correlation of GRACE(-FO) grids, (3) how to resolve the numerical instability and inefficiency of global DA. In this study, we present a detailed analysis of GRACE(-FO)’s accuracy and spatial resolution from a new perspective, and reveal their dynamic change over space and time. Then, we develop a Python-based open-source PyGLDA system that allows performing DA globally at a fine scale with high numerical efficiency. Case studies will be demonstrated at Danube River Basin and at a global scale, using the monthly TWS fields of GRACE (2002-2010) and the W3RA water balance model at 0.1-degree/daily spatial-temporal resolution.
Multi-decadal Satellite Gravity Mission Simulations to Resolve Long-term Signals in the Ocean
Authors: Schlaak Marius , Lecomte Hugo , Pail Roland , Meyssignac Benoit , Blazquez Alejandro
Published: September 2024

Satellite gravity missions have been almost continuously observing global mass transport for more than two decades. The resulting data record already improved our understanding of large-scale processes of the water cycle and is reaching a timespan, which has significance concerning climate related mass transport signals such as changes in the essential climate variables terrestrial water storage (TWS) and sea level. The observations of the currently flown GRACE-FO mission will be continued by NASA’s Mass Change (MC) Mission and extended to the Mass change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) by ESA’s Next Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM), setting anticipation for higher spatial and temporal resolution of satellite gravity observations in the near future.This contribution presents initial results of multi-decadal closed loop simulations of current and future satellite gravity observations, comparing their capabilities to allow a direct estimation of long-term trends in changes of TWS and ocean mass. The climate signal is based on a synthetic dataset consisting of components of the TWS, as well as mass change signals of oceans, ice sheets, and glaciers spanning a period of 16 years. A special focus here is on the long-term trend over the oceans. By subtracting the observed ocean mass change from the overall sea level change, the global ocean heat content can be computed from the steric component of the sea-level rise. The resulting long-term trends are then compared to initial inputs to the simulation to illustrate the difference in performance between current and future satellite gravity constellations.
Precision laser beam pointing: The Role of Fine Steering Mirrors in the GRACE-FO and Beyond.
Authors: Sudha Reshma Krishnan , Müller Vitali , Misfeldt Malte Matthias , Heinzel Gerhard
Published: September 2024

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission, launched in 2018, is the first mission to carry a Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) to accurately measure distance variations between the twin satellites, enabling a more accurate understanding of Earth's gravitational field. One of the critical components of the LRI is the Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) with an electro-mechanical tip/tilt mirror, responsible for directing the laser beams accurately from one spacecraft to the other.In this presentation, the general working principle of the FSM in LRI with its two nested control loops is discussed. Initially, during the acquisition phase, the FSM performs a fast spatial scan and, during the science phase, compensates for the much slower attitude variations of the satellite platform using a so-called  Differential Wavefront Sensing feedback[Mahrdt et al, Koch et al]. For future missions like NGGM and GRACE-C, it is crucial to address potential failure points associated with the FSM operation. Two failure points have been identified and are addressed along with possible strategies to mitigate them. One is the failure of the position sensor system(PSS) and the other is the failure of the FSM actuator coils. We established an FSM testbed in our laboratory and will show results from the characterisation of an FSM similar to the flight model. The PSS failure can be mitigated by disabling the PSS and inner control loop, which is primarily used to suppress the resonance oscillation of the FSM arising from the internal low-friction suspensions. Such an open loop operation involves commanding the FSM current but may require changes to the laser link acquisition strategies. Since the FSM utilizes two coils per axis, which are usually operated in parallel, e.g., hot-redundant, a coil failure can be mitigated by operating the FSM with individual coils per axis.