Evolutionary Global Neuroscience for Cognition and Brain Health
Authors: Singh Bhupinder 
Published: March 2024

The evolutionary foundations of brain development represent point of departure. It delves into the depths of evolutionary history, unveiling the intricate journey that has shaped the human brain. Comparative neuroanatomy and phylogeny provide the canvas upon which we paint the portrait of our cognitive evolution. It contemplates the constraints, both genetic and epigenetic, that have sculpted the human brain's architecture. These insights serve as the bedrock upon which Evolutionary Global Neuroscience stands. In the quest to unlock the enigmatic complexities of the human brain, Evolutionary Global Neuroscience emerges as a transformative paradigm that transcends disciplinary boundaries. This expansive field explores the profound interplay between our evolutionary heritage and contemporary challenges in cognition, brain health, and the ever-evolving landscape of neurotechnology. Cognition, that quintessential hallmark of human existence, is next to claim our attention. It interrogate the adaptive value of cognition across epochs, deciphering its role in survival and prosperity. Yet, in this age of rapid societal transformation, the concept of “evolutionary mismatch” comes to the fore. It explore how this mismatch underlies a burgeoning epidemic of brain disorders, underscoring the urgent need for a new paradigm in addressing cognitive health. This paper illuminates the grim landscape of modernity's brain disorders. Alzheimer's disease and autism spectrum disorders serve as poignant exemplars of the evolutionary puzzle that engulfs us. From genetic predispositions to environmental influences, it contemplates the multifaceted origins of these disorders, ever mindful of the shadows cast by evolutionary history. The promise of Evolutionary Global Neuroscience, however, is not confined to diagnosis and treatment. It extends to innovative approaches that safeguard cognitive well-being. Drawing inspiration from our evolutionary past, it uncovers preventive strategies, therapeutic interventions, and personalized medicine approaches. Lifestyle modifications and environmental adaptations emerge as potent tools in preserving cognitive resilience. Amidst this transformative journey, neurotechnology emerges as the catalyst of innovation. Neuroimaging, brain-machine interfaces, neuromodulation, and artificial intelligence converge to redefine the boundaries of human brain exploration. The fusion of biology and technology holds the key to unlocking new frontiers in brain science, offering hope to individuals grappling with brain disorders. Yet, as it propels ourselve toward these novel discoveries, it confront an array of ethical challenges. Questions of cognitive enhancement, informed consent, privacy, and equitable access to neurotechnological advancements loom large. Our abstract engages with these ethical considerations, advocating for responsible innovation that harmonizes with our ethical and societal values. Evolutionary Global Neuroscience is not merely a scientific endeavor; it is a call to action. It beckons us to unite disciplines, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration that transcends borders and cultures. It urges us to invest in longitudinal and cross-cultural research that expands our understanding of the human brain's exquisite diversity. It demands a commitment to brain health literacy and thoughtful policy recommendations to ensure that the fruits of neurotechnological advancement are accessible to all. This paper journeyed through the realm of Evolutionary Global Neuroscience, a journey that begins in our evolutionary past and charts a course toward an enlightened, innovative, and equitable future for brain science, brain health, and the human mind.