bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential approach in selecting beta-adrenoblocker therapy for patients with chronic heart failure and anaemia
Authors: Uskach T. M. , Kochetov A. G. , Tereschenko S. N.
Published: October 2019

Currently, beta-adrenoblockers (β-AB) are regarded as one of the major medication classes in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). In several international studies, β -AB therapy of CHF patients was associated with reduced levels of haemoglobin (Hb) and development of new anaemia cases. Anaemia is known as an adverse prognostic factor in CHF. Aim. To study the effects of β -AB therapy on the anaemia clinical course among CHF patients. Material and methods. The study included 90 ambulatory patients with Functional Class (FC) II-IV CHF and anaemia. The participants were divided into 3 equally sized groups (n=30 per group) and treated with carvedilol, metoprolol, or nebivolol for 6 months. Results. By the end of the follow-up, baseline Hb levels increased in the nebivolol group (p=0,028), and were also significantly higher than in the other two groups. In the carvedilol group, the levels of haematocrit (Ht) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) significantly decreased (p=0,017 and 0,06, respectively). In the metoprolol group, no substantial changes of laboratory parameters were observed. The maximal reduction in baseline CHF FC was registered in the patients receiving nebivolol (p=0,037). A significant improvement in myocardial contractility, based on the echocardiography data, was registered in the carvedilol and nebivolol groups. Conclusion. Nebivolol therapy was associated with a significantly more pronounced reduction in pro-BNP levels, compared to carvedilol or metoprolol treatment (p<0,001). The nebivolol group also demonstrated the most pronounced improvement in quality of life of CHF patients (p<0,001). These findings suggest that nebivolol could be recommended as a medication of choice in patients with CHF and anaemia.
Subclinical atherosclerosis diagnostics as a component of a modern strategy for cardiovascular risk stratification
Authors: Katamadze N. O. , Berstein L. L. , Grishkin Yu. N.
Published: October 2019

Cardiovascular risk (CVR) stratification plays an important role in the primary prevention of atherosclerosis and associated disorders. The standard scales for CVR assessment (Framingham scale, SCORE scale, etc.) are focused on a limited number of traditional risk factors (RFs) and, therefore, neither produce precise individual risk estimates, nor increase the effectiveness of preventive interventions. One of the methods for CVR assessment optimisation is the diagnostics of subclinical atherosclerosis, based on the direct visualisation of preclinical atherosclerotic changes in arterial wall. Extracranial carotid artery (CA) ultrasound and assessment of the intima-media thickness (IMT) index or atherosclerotic plaque volume (PV) is an important method of the preclinical atherosclerosis diagnostics. The review discusses pathogenetic mechanisms of IMT increase, the standards of ultrasound IMT assessment and its interpretation, and the role of the information obtained for optimization of the CVR evaluation.
Acute myocardial infarction: gender specifics of development and clinical course in an urban Western Siberian population
Authors: Garganeeva A. A. , Okrugin S. A. , Zyablov Yu. I. , Parshin D. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To study the gender specifics of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among the adult population (age >20 years) of Tomsk City. Material and methods. In total, 1628 AMI cases from the AMI Register (2007-2008) were analysed. The study included 992 (60,82%) men and 636 (39,18%) women. Results. Compared to male patients, AMI in women typically developed in older age (over 60 years), was preceded by various forms of progressing angina pectoris, and associated with severe co-morbidities and pre-existing disease. Its clinical course was characterised by a high risk of recurrent MI, various complications, and in-hospital death. The leading causes of in-hospital death in women with AMI included cardiogenic shock, congestive heart failure, and myocardial rupture, in contrast to cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac blocks in their male peers. Conclusion. The observed specifics of AMI development and clinical course in women could be both a barrier for a wider use of modern invasive treatment methods and an explanation of adverse prognosis. The AMI management guidelines should take into account gender-specific characteristics of the disease.
Benefits of vasodilating beta-adrenoblockers for arterial hypertension treatment
Authors: Mychka V. B.
Published: October 2019

Antihypertensive medications of the same class could differ by their pharmacodynamic parameters, which substantially affects the longterm treatment results. Nebivolol is one of the modern, highly selective β-adrenoblockers (β-AB). It is characterised not only by high β1-selectivity, but also by additional vasodilating activity, due to increased nitric oxide synthesis and, hence, beneficial metabolic effects. The results of the original studies and the external evidence demonstrate metabolic neutrality of nebivolol, absence of substantial changes in thyroid hormone levels, and improvement in heart rate variability, electrophysiological myocardial parameters, QT interval duration, and cerebral perfusion. Nebivolol is effective and safe even in higher-risk patients with metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Technology-based methods in the improvement of therapy compliance among ambulatory cardiac patients: one-year follow-up data
Authors: Ageev F. T. , Fofanova T. V. , Smirnova M. D. , Tkhostov A. Sh. , Nelubina A. S. , Kuzmina A. E. , Galaninskyi P. V. , Kadushina E. B. , Nuraliev E. Yu. , Kheimets G. I.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To assess the impact of automatic telephone survey with a differentiated reminder text, as well as of the survey combination with the self-control dairy, on the compliance with lipid-lowering and antihypertensive therapy and on therapy effectiveness during the longterm ambulatory follow-up. Material and methods. The study included 604 patients: 323 individuals with high or very high cardiovascular risk levels by SCORE scale and 281 participants with coronary heart disease (CHD). The patients were divided into two groups, according to their agreement to participate in the automatic telephone reminder survey (“Survey” and “Refusal”). All participants were also given a self-control diary. At baseline and one year later, the patients underwent general clinical examination, office blood pressure (BP) measurement, blood biochemistry assessment, and the measurement of therapy compliance (Morisky-Green test), anxiety, and depression levels (HADS scale). Results. The reduction in diastolic BP levels was significantly larger in the Survey group (p=0,04). This group also demonstrated a significantly larger decrease in the levels of total cholesterol (TCH) (p=0,0003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH) (p=0,001), as well as a significantly larger increase in the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH) (p=0,04). The therapy compliance, assessed by the Morisky-Green test, improved in both groups; however, among CHD patients, a significant improvement was observed only in the Survey group (p<0,00001). The percentage of patients submitting their self-control diaries was higher for the Survey group (p<0,0001). Conclusion. The automatic telephone reminder method provides an opportunity to significantly increase the therapy compliance.
Gender specifics of the association between blood fibrinolytic activity and cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus in a cohort of Muscovites aged 55 years or older
Authors: Ratnikova L. A. , Metelskaya V. A. , Perova N. V. , Deev A. D. , Shalnova S. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To investigate potential gender differences in the association between plasma fibrinolytic activity (FLA) and atherosclerotic pathology in elderly people. Material and methods. This analysis was performed as a part of the prospective population-based cohort study “Stress, Ageing, and Health in Russia”. The study included randomly selected Moscow residents of both genders and age of ≥55 years (n=1863; 889 men and 974 women). Based on the levels of blood FLA (time of spontaneous lysis of euglobin blood fraction, or euglobin lysis time, ELT), all participants were divided into three groups: with normofibrinolysis (ELT 180-260 minutes), hypofibrinolysis (ELT >260 minutes), and hyperfibrinolysis (ELT <180 minutes). Results. In this cohort of elderly Muscovites, the association between FLA and the presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2) differed in men and women. The link between hypofibrinolysis, atherogenic changes in lipid profile, or high fasting levels of insulin and arterial hypertension (AH), myocardial infarction (MI), or DM-2 was present only in men. In women, either reduced or increased FLA was not related to DM-2. Men with hyperfibrinolysis demonstrated lower odds of AH and DM-2, while women with hyperfibrinolysis had lower odds of AH, coronary heart disease, or angina. Conclusion. In elderly people, high FLA appears to provide protection against atherothrombotic pathology, regardless of gender. Low FLA was associated with higher odds of CVD and DM-2 in men only.
Risk factors of incident in-hospital pulmonary embolism and its outcomes: autopsy study data
Authors: Vasiltseva O. Ya. , Vorozhtsova I. N. , Krestinin A. V. , Stefanova E. V. , Karpov R. S.
Published: October 2019

Aim. Based on the autopsy data, to investigate the role of various risk factors (RFs) in the development of the incident cases of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and their outcomes among the patients who died in Tomsk City hospitals (2003-2010). Material and methods. The analysed data came from autopsy protocols and medical histories of all patients (n=651) who had PTE diagnosed prior to or after death and who died in Tomsk hospitals between March 1st 2003 and December 31st 2010. The pathologoanatomical examination used the total evisceration technique by Shor. Data analysis was performed with the Pentium-V software package “Statistica for Windows”. The impact of RFs and treatment on the PTE outcome was assessed in a statistical model. Results. The presence of two or three RFs was associated with a higher risk of fatal in-hospital PTE. Overall, the risk of fatal PTE was explained by RF patterns (56,0%), inadequate treatment (43,9%), and other factors (0,1%). Conclusion. The identified features of the impact of RFs and medical treatment on the PTE outcome in Tomsk hospitals (2003-2010) should be taken into consideration when planning the strategy of improving the effectiveness of diagnostics, prevention, and treatment programmes.
Evidence-based principles of early diagnostics of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances in the internal disease practice
Authors: Poddubskaya E. A. , Mamedov M. N.
Published: October 2019

This review presents the World Health Organization (WHO) data on diabetes mellitus (DM) epidemiology, medical and social consequences, and economic losses due to DM complications. It is demonstrated that the diagnostics of early carbohydrate metabolism disturbances (ECMD) is an important component of Type 2 DM (DM-2) prevention. At the same time, it is known that ECMD are an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). At early stages of DM-2, metabolic disturbances precede first clinical manifestations of diabetes. The importance of early (preclinical) diagnostics of ECMD is emphasised. The authors present the results of meta-analyses and large studies on DM and prediabetes, which have clearly demonstrated that pathological hyperglycemia cannot be diagnosed based only on fasting glucose levels, as this would underestimate the actual prevalence of prediabetes. Relevant methods of early ECMD diagnostics are described.
Reports of the Workshops Held at the 2019 AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Barash Guy , Castillo‐Effen Mauricio , Chhaya Niyati , Clark Peter , Espinoza Huáscar , Farchi Eitan , Geib Christopher , Gundersen Odd Erik , hÉigeartaig Seán Ó , Hernández‐Orallo José , Hori Chiori , Huang Xiaowei , Jaidka Kokil , Kapanipathi Pavan , Keren Sarah , Kim Seokhwan , Lanctot Marc , Lange Danny , Martinez David , Mattar Marwan , Mausam  , McAuley Julian , Michalowski Martin , Mirsky Reuth , Mottaghi Roozbeh , Osborn Joseph C. , Pérolat Julien , Schmid Martin , Shaban‐Nejad Arash , Shehory Onn , Srivastava Biplav , Streilein William , Talamadupula Kartik , Togelius Julian , Yoshino Koichiro , Zhang Quanshi , Zitouni Imed
Published: October 2019

The workshop program of the Thirty‐Third AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI‐19) was held in Honolulu, Hawaii, on Sunday and Monday, January 27 and 28, 2019. There were 16 workshops in the program: Affective Content Analysis: Modeling Affect‐in‐Action; Agile Robotics for Industrial Automation Competition; Artificial Intelligence for Cyber Security; Artificial Intelligence Safety; Dialog System Technology Challenge; Engineering Dependable and Secure Machine Learning Systems; Games and Simulations for Artificial Intelligence; Health Intelligence; Knowledge Extraction from Games; Network Interpretability for Deep Learning; Plan, Activity, and Intent Recognition; Reasoning and Learning for Human‐Machine Dialogues; Reasoning for Complex Question Answering; Recommender Systems Meet Natural Language Processing; Reinforcement Learning in Games; and Reproducible AI. This report contains brief summaries of all the workshops that were held.
Roller compaction of rock-fill with automatic frequency control
Authors: Wersäll Carl , Nordfelt Ingmar , Larsson Stefan
Published: October 2019

A new intelligent compaction method for vibratory soil compaction rollers that automatically and continuously adjusts the vibration frequency to obtain resonance in the coupled roller–soil system was evaluated in full-scale field tests on a 1 m high rock-fill embankment. This method has been called automatic frequency control (AFC). Compacting at the resonant frequency results in maximised deformations in the soil by optimising the dynamic behaviour of the system and improving the interaction between the drum and the soil. The embankment was also compacted conventionally at a fixed standard frequency in order to quantify the difference between the two methods. Applying AFC resulted in a higher degree of compaction of the embankment layer. The effect was most significant at the top of the embankment, where considerable compression was obtained – in contrast to the very loose material resulting from conventional compaction – thus eliminating the need for subsequent static passes. Spot tests showed a considerably stiffer embankment surface after a high number of passes using AFC. Other observed benefits of AFC include a more homogeneously compacted embankment, which benefits long-term behaviour, up to 15% reduced fuel consumption, reduced environmental impact and less machine wear.
Additive technologies in surgical treatment of spinal deformities
Authors: Kuleshov A. A , Vetrile M. S , Shkarubo A. N , Docenko V. V , Es’kin N. A , Lisyanskiy I. N , Makarov S. N
Published: October 2019

Purpose of study: to summarize the experience in three-dimensional biomodeling and custom made metal constructions for surgical treatment of spinal deformities of different localization and etiology, evaluate its advantages, potentialities and efficacy. Patients and methods. During the period from 2011 to 2018 three-dimensional (3D) custom-made spinal models were used in 52 patients with different spinal deformities: congenital multilevel spinal deformity (n=20), upper cervical spine deformities (n=12), III-IV degree of spondylolisthesis (n=10), neurogenic scoliosis (n=8), neurofibromatosis (n=2). 3D models were created in scale 1:1 by stereolithographic technique on the basis of computer model designed by spiral CT results. In all cases 3D models were used for preoperative planning including the intended deformity correction, decompression and spine fixation. In 26 cases 3D spinal models were used to manufacture the custom made metal constructions for the deformity correction and spine fixation: plates for the upper cervical spine anterior fixation, cervicothoracic junction, plates and cages for lumbosacral fixation, and implants for spinopelvic fixation. Results. In all cases the use of spine bio models enabled to achieve important additional information at preoperative planning and intraoperatively. Long-term follow up made up 3 years. After neural structures decompression and deformity correction good clinical and roentgenologic results were observed in all patients. Use of custom made implants ensured stable spine fixation in all cases with the exception of 3 patients in whom the implants were removed due to infectious complication (n=1) and poor postoperative wood healing. Conclusion. In deformities of different etiology the full-scale spine models provide better assessment of the deformity pattern and preoperative planning. 3D models and computer modeling make possible the manufacture of individual metal constructions for spine fixation that is especially topical in severe deformities.
Biomechanically validated transosseus fixation in patients with femur pseudarthrosis complicated by chronic osteomyelitis
Authors: Tsiskarashvili A. V , Zhadin A. V , Kuzmenkov K. A , Bukhtin K. M , Melikova R. E
Published: October 2019

The aim of the study is to evaluate results of follow-up in patients with femur pseudarthrosis complicated by chronic osteomyelitis who underwent biomechanically validated transosseus fixation. Materials and methods. A retrospective study of transosseus fixation in 72 patients with femur pseudarthrosis complicated by chronic osteomyelitis was conducted. Described fixation was completed according to the biomechanical fixation conception from 2011 to 2017. Hybrid external fixator was applied to 38 (52,8%) patients, rod-based external fixator - to 34 (47,2%). Results. Full bone consolidation and pyoinflammatory process remission in treated femur bone is achieved in all cases. Results classified as excellent were acquired in 21 patients (29,5%), good - in 41 (57,7%), satisfactory - in 7 (9,8%), unsatisfactory - in 2 (3%). patients results were classified as unsatisfactory because of lacking of weight-bearing ability of the leg because of other reasons not related to consolidation. Conclusion. In patients with infected femur pseudarthroses external fixation using biomechanical conception allows to provide up to 97% positive clinical outcomes of the treatment.
The results of the application of the carbon nanostructured implant for tumorous, tumor like and inflammatory spinal diseases in pediatric bone pathology
Authors: Balametov S. G , Batrakov S. Yu , Gavryushenko N. S
Published: October 2019

Purpose: to study the results of the use of the carbon nanostructured implants (CNI) for tumorous, tumor like and inflammatory spinal diseases in the department of pediatric bone pathology. Patients and methods. Fifty two patients aged from 11 to 18 years with tumorous, tumor like and inflammatory spinal diseases were operated on. Carbon nanostructured implants were placed into post-resection bone defects either separately or in combination with auto- and allografts. Comparative analysis of the osteointegration processes was performed with radiologic methods of examination (roentgenography, radioisotope examination, CT). Maximum follow up period made up 12 months. Results. At application of both isolated CNI and in combination with auto- and allografts neither graft rejection nor local inflammatory reactions were recorded in 3, 6 and 12 months after operation. In case of isolated CNI application CT did not show fresh periosteal reactions in the zone of implant - native bone at all observation terms that was indicative of poor osteointegration into CNI. Combined application also showed poorly pronounced osteointegration into CNI but with periosteal reaction between the native bone and auto- and allografts that was a condition for more reliable biological fixation of CNI in the post-resection defect. Conclusion. The data obtained allow suggesting the possibility of CNI application in pediatric bone pathology. In small, up to 4 cm, marginal bone defects the use of isolated CNI is not excluded as poor osteointegration into the graft will not affect the rehabilitation process under conditions of early axial loads. In bone defects over 4 cm it is reasonable to use CNI in combination with auto- and allografts as the activization of the osteointegration processes may be assumed.
Surgical correction of thorax deformity in Currarino-Silverman syndrome
Authors: Korolev P. A , Kozhevnikov O. V
Published: October 2019

Currarino-Silverman syndrome (combined thorax deformity (CTD)) is a rare form of TD. Quite often this type of the deformity is combined with the failure of heart development (coarctation of aorta, prolapse, mitral stenosis). We mark out 2 types of CTD that enables to determine the tactics of surgical treatment. From the point of view of surgical correction potentialities the 2type of the deformity with protrusion of the manubriosternal junction but without sternum retraction is most perspective. Surgical results are presented for 3 patients, in one of them the pathology was combined with Poland syndrome.
Treatment of central pain syndrome with spinal cord stimulation
Authors: Yakovlev A. E
Published: October 2019

Central pain syndrome (CPS) is a neurological disorder caused by damage or dysfunction of the central nervous system. Both conservative and operative methods of treatment are used in its treatment, but in most cases their effectiveness is rather low. We are presenting the clinical observation of a 60-year-old patient with spinal cord injury at the level of Th10 due to a car accident that occurred 44 years before the treatment in our clinic, who suffered from phantom pain that occurred after bilateral above the knee amputation because of advanced peripheral vascular disease. Due to the ineffectiveness of the conservative treatment, it was decided to proceed with spinal cord stimulation. The presence of pronounced postoperative changes in the area of spinal cord injury has complicated the transcutaneous placement of trial leads at the L1-L2 and Th12-L1 level. We managed to introduce leads at the level of Th7-Th8 and position them at the level of Th5-Th7. During continuous neurostimulation the pain in the sacrum, in the area of the hip joints, the phantom pain was relieved. The patient stopped using all pain medications. Spinal cord stimulation can be utilized as an alternative treatment for patients with intractable CPS.
The EV71 neutralizing antibody test v1
Authors: Lee Jian-Te , Yen Ting-Yu , Lu Chun-Yi , Liu Ding-Ping , Huang Yi-Chuan , Chang Luan-Yin , Huang Li-Min , Lin Tzou-Yien
Published: October 2019

This protocol describes the process for the neutralizing antibody test of EV71.
MojoSort™ Selection Kits Column Protocol - 3 v1
Authors: Li Sam
Published: October 2019

BioLegend MojoSort™ nanobeads work in commonly used separation columns, based on our internal research as well as validation by external testing by academic labs. This simple protocol consists of following the MojoSort™ protocol to label the cells with pre-diluted MojoSort™ reagents and using the columns as indicated by the manufacturer. Note: Due to the properties of our beads, it may be possible to use far fewer beads and less antibody than with other commercial suppliers. We recommend a titration to find the best dilution factor. However, as a general rule, dilutions ranging from 1:3 to 1:20 for the Nanobeads can be used. Please contact BioLegend Technical Service (tech@biolegend.com) if further assistance is needed.
MojoSort™ Human CD4 T Cell Selection Kit Column Protocol - CD14 Selection v1
Authors: Li Sam
Published: October 2019

BioLegend MojoSort™ nanobeads work in commonly used separation columns, based on our internal research as well as validation by external testing by academic labs. This simple protocol consists of following the MojoSort™ protocol to label the cells with pre-diluted MojoSort™ reagents and using the columns as indicated by the manufacturer. Note: Due to the properties of our beads, it may be possible to use far fewer beads than with other commercial suppliers. We recommend a titration to find the best dilution factor. However, as a general rule, dilutions ranging from 1:3 to 1:20 for the Nanobeads can be used. Please contact BioLegend Technical Service (tech@biolegend.com) if further assistance is needed.
MojoSort™ Streptavidin Nanobeads Protocol - Negative Selection v1
Authors: Li Sam
Published: October 2019

Product description and procedure summary: If your target cells are the labeled cells (the positive fraction), use the Streptavidin Nanobeads Protocol – Positive Selection. If your target cells are the unlabeled cells (negative fraction), use the Streptavidin Nanobeads Protocol - Negative Selection. Target cells are isolated by incubating your sample with a Biotin-conjugated antibody or antibody cocktail, followed by incubation with magnetic Streptavidin Nanobeads (Cat. No. 480015/480016). The magnetically labeled fraction is retained by the use of a magnetic separator. The untouched cells are collected. These are the cells of interest; do not discard the liquid. Some of the downstream applications include functional assays, gene expression, phenotypic characterization, etc. Note:This procedure is optimized for the isolation of 107 to 2 x 108 cells per tube. If working with fewer than 107 cells, keep volumes as indicated for 107 cells. For best results, optimize the conditions to your specific cell number and tissue. Prepare fresh MojoSort™ Buffer solution by diluting the 5X concentrate with sterile distilled water. Scale up volumes if using 14 mL tubes and Magnet, and place the tube in the magnet for 10 minutes.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Awetan Basah Filum Moluska dan Echinodermata dengan Inquiry Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Siburian Isyulianto Andika Tua , Sikumbang Darlen , Yolida Berti
Published: October 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of use of wet preservation Phylum of Molluscs and Echinoderms with Inquiry Learning on student learning outcomes. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The research samples were students of class X MIPA 1 and X MIPA 2 which were to 56 students that were selected by the Total Sampling technique. The type of data used were quantitative data and qualitative data. The instrument used in this study was in the form of multiple-choice questions, with the independent sample t-test SPSS 17.0 data processing technique. The results showed that the use of wet preservation Phylum of Molluscs and Echinoderms differed significantly on student learning outcomes in the experimental class with the control class. The average N-gain in the experimental class was 0.58, while the control class was 0.39, while the results of student responses to wet preservation Phylum of Molluscs and Echinoderms with Inquiry Learning have a good (78,57%) and very good (84,78%).
Promoting pre-service EFL teacher reflection: An investigation of reflection levels in Thai context
Authors: Swatevacharkul Rosukhon
Published: October 2019

Reflection is essential for the teaching practice course since it enhances life-long professional teaching development of the teachers. Capacity to reflect needs to be developed. The objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the levels of learning reflection of pre-service EFL teachers at the end of the teaching practice course, and 2) to explore how reflection contributes to changes of the reflection levels.  This study took the form of an embedded experimental mixed methods research design using a close and open-ended questionnaire and semi-structured interview to collect data from 13 international students at an MA ELT program.  Data analysis was performed by a t-test and thematic content analysis.  The findings revealed that 1) on average, the level of Habitual Action, Understanding, and Critical Reflection at the beginning and the end of the course was not significantly different. However, the level of Reflection was significantly different at the end of the course.  Three themes: 1) Revision of past experiences for teaching improvement; 2) Thinking and writing skills development, and 3) Change of beliefs and teaching techniques were generated causing such reflection capacity changes.  Recommendations were provided for further research in this area.
Policies on language education in Indonesia
Authors: Hamied Fuad Abdul , Musthafa Bachrudin
Published: October 2019

This article discusses policies on language education in Indonesia by covering six major sections. The linguistic make-up and history of languages currently spoken in the country are first introduced as the background to the discussion.  Then, building on the background factual information on the language education policies once adopted in Indonesia, a review and critical discussion regarding the design, implementation, and evaluation of the language education policies in the country are put forward. This is then followed by an elaboration of how currently adopted language education policies position different languages and what status and roles each language is accorded, and how these statuses and roles compare with English. Afterward, a prediction for the future status and role of the relevant languages under discussion is brought to light. Finally, a conclusion is made, accompanied by suggestions for further reading which will enable enrichment of knowledge-base on relevant aspects of policies on language education in Indonesia.
Organizational and Institutional Compartmentalization as a Barrier to Population Health
Authors: Hepp Crystal M. , Fofanov Viacheslav Y. , Trotter Robert T.
Published: October 2019

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC 2019e) define population health as “an approach that allows health departments to connect practice to policy.” One intention of the approach is that institutions from several different sectors, including academia, non-profits, public health, and local governments, should collaborate towards a holistic view of local health outcomes. In principal, the holistic view should allow for the recognition of substantial health concerns, such that resources can be re-allocated to address them. In reality, each institution is still bound by unique financial and personnel constraints, and there is little incentive to motivate actions that extend beyond institutional missions. The “Health Disparities in Jail Populations” project required the development of complex inter-organizational memoranda of agreements (MOAs), as well as complex and secure data processing resources to accomplish its secondary data analysis goals. The purpose of this article is to highlight barriers we encountered and the mechanisms we used in overcoming those barriers, while attempting to integrate data across several institutions that “own” different forms of data on health care to individuals who have entered the criminal justice system.
Peculiarities of national identity of Armenians living in Russia and Armenia
Authors: Moreva G.I. , Kurdoglyan G.M.
Published: October 2019

The article presents the results of the study of the national characteristics of Armenians living in Armenia and Russia (Tyumen) as one of the most common diasporas in Russia. Based on the analysis of theoretical and practical studies, hypotheses were expressed that Armenians living and born in Russia integrate the features of the image of their national identity and the features of the image of the national identity of Armenians living and born in Armenia. The study involved 95 people (free sample). Semantic differential was used as a research method. On the basis of the obtained results, it is concluded that there is a connection between the objects “I am Armenian”, “Armenians living in Russia” and “Armenians living in Armenia”, which means the preservation of their national identity. Another important conclusion is the close connection between the objects “Armenians living in Russia” and “Citizen of Russia”. Armenians feel like citizens of Russia, which allows us to conclude that migrants demonstrate such a strategy of acculturation as integration, which allows them not only to be effective, but also to preserve ethnic identity. The characteristics that allow migrants to successfully integrate into society, according to Armenians born and living in Russia, can be: the desire to help others, caring, sociability, willingness to help, sensitivity to others.
Цифровое общество: новые возможности — новые угрозы
Authors: Костина Анна Владимировна
Published: October 2019

Формирование цифрового общества является стратегической целью развития России, экономическая устойчивость и национальная безопасность которой напрямую зависят от степени ее конкурентоспособности. Сегодня одним из приоритетов информационного развития является такая цифровая технология, как технология Интернета вещей, способствующая созданию «интеллектуальной окружающей среды». Актуальность этой технологии определяется не только ее применимостью в потребительских бытовых условиях («умный дом», «умный город»), но главным образом — возможностью создания систем, в которых интеллектуальные устройства, объединенные в сети, совместно с людьми-операторами осуществляют работу в средах, опасных или недоступных для человека, — в космосе, на больших глубинах, в ядерных установках, трубопроводах и т. п. Однако применение этой технологии имеет и «побочные эффекты» — нанесение физического ущерба человеку через вживленные в его тело чипы, внедрение в систему управления домом и городским хозяйством в целях выведения из строя объектов и коммунальных систем. Наиболее тяжелые последствия имеют проникновения в системы крупных промышленных объектов, управление которыми осуществляется в автоматическом режиме через Интернет. Именно поэтому внедрение цифровых технологий требует анализа рисков и угроз как экономике, так и человеку и обществу.
Социальное служение РПЦ: взаимодействие институтов государства и церкви в области социальных программ
Authors: Солнышкина Марина Георгиевна , Миронова Татьяна Давыдовна
Published: October 2019

Социальное служение РПЦ и взаимодействие институтов государства и церкви в области социального служения исследуются на базе концепции паритетности социальных и культурных подходов. Социокультурный подход обладает эвристическим потенциалом, открывающим возможности для изучения взаимосвязи социального и культурного аспектов социального служения РПЦ и взаимодействия институтов государства и церкви в области социальных программ как ключевых моментов его развития и регулирования с позиций социокультурной динамики

Исследованы структура церковно-социальной деятельности и основные направления социальной работы, проанализированы общественно-политические и организационно-правовые основы развития взаимодействия институтов государства и церкви в области социального служения. Приводятся результаты социологического опроса прихожан храма в социальном служении Русской православной церкви (2018 г., 124 человека, г. Дмитров). Отмечено, что к наиболее значимым ценностно-мотивационным факторам социального служения относятся мотивы самореализации личности и сострадания.

Результаты проведенного исследования позволили сформировать рекомендации по развитию социального служения РПЦ в режиме взаимодействия с профессиональным сектором социальной работы с учетом мотивационных факторов прихожан и других ресурсов социокультурной среды социального служения.
Peningkatan derajat obstruksi saluran nafas menurunkan kualitas hidup penderita asma
Authors: Pujo Marcellino Satriaman Harrio , Kartini Kartini
Published: October 2019

LATAR BELAKANGKualitas hidup penderita asma merupakan perasaan seorang penderita asma dalam hidup yang meliputi kenyamanan, keamanan, kemandirian, dan kepuasan dalam hidup. Kualitas hidup pada penderita asma dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, antara lain status gizi, tingkat kontrol asma, kepatuhan berobat dan derajat obstruksi saluran napas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan derajat obstruksi saluran napas dan karakteristik penderita asma dengan kualitas hidup penderita asma.

METODEPenelitian ini merupakan studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang mengikutsertakan 37 penderita asma yang datang ke RSAL Dr Mintoharjo, Jakarta Pusat. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara wawancara menggunakan kuesioner AQLQ dan pengukuran spirometri yang didampingi oleh dokter spesialis paru. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Fisher Exact dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0.05.

HASILHasil penelitian dari 37 responden didapatkan bahwa usia lansia adalah yang terbanyak (64.9%), lama menderita asma lebih dari 10 tahun sebanyak 32.4%, derajat obstruksi saluran napas berat sebanyak 51.4% dan penderita asma yang kualitas hidupnya terganggu sebanyak 86.5%. Usia, lama menderita asma, dan derajat obstruksi saluran napas berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup penderita asma (p<0.05), tetapi jenis kelamin tidak berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup penderita asma (p>0.05).

KESIMPULANDerajat obstruksi saluran nafas berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup seorang penderita asma. Semakin berat derajat obstruksi saluran nafas, semakin berat gejala yang ditimbulkannya sehingga menurunkan kualitas hidup.
Límites termodinámicos a la productividad de los destiladores solares pasivos
Authors: Salinas Freire Henry Alberto , Pérez Ones Osney , Rodríguez Muñoz Susana
Published: October 2019

La desalinización de agua de mar se ha estudiado con interés debido a la escasez de agua dulce para consumo humano. La destilación solar es un método antiguo; la productividad, consumo energético del proceso y el costo del agua desalinizada así obtenida dependen de la eficiencia que se alcance en cada una de las etapas de estos sistemas. La limitada capacidad de absorber la radiación solar y transformarla en calor útil para la evaporación, la interacción con el medio circundante, y las pérdidas de calor limitan la eficiencia global del proceso térmico y la productividad. Como la energía proviene de la radiación solar, la productividad máxima de este proceso estará limitada por la magnitud de la radiación solar total disponible en una zona del planeta debido a su ubicación geográfica, época del año y condiciones climáticas locales. Los procesos a partir de esa energía estarán limitados termodinámicamente por los coeficientes de transferencia térmica que se alcancen en el equipo, por el máximo que pueda alcanzar el calor de evaporación, mientras que las pérdidas al ambiente por convección y radiación sean mínimas.

Se presentan análisis comparativos de varios modelos propuestos, datos reportados de destiladores, datos reportados de radiación solar que alcanzan valores promedio de hasta 7,2 – 7,4 kWh/m2 en algunas regiones del planeta y se hacen estimaciones para productividad de estos equipos que alcanzan entre 6,7 y 6,9 kg/m2día y la eficiencia máxima teórica se encuentra alrededor de 0,16 de la radiación solar total.
EXPERIMENTAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT METHOD OF THE GEOTUBING OF DEPOSITS FROM URBAN SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES
Authors: Magomedov Khamzat K. , Fridman K. B. , Belkin A. S. , Noskov S. N.
Published: October 2019

Every day in the city of St. Petersburg there is formed more than 10,000 m3 of sewage sludge. The main mass of deposits is stored at the landfill for storing waste with an area of up to 150 hectares. Toxic substances and pathogens contained in sediments can penetrate into the environment stipulating the significant pollution of the environment. In the arsenal of technologists dealing with the problem of sewage sludge disposal, there are numerous approaches and solutions, for instance: drying sludge, incineration, composting, vermicomposting, eco-concrete fixation. However, tried everything methodological approaches have not found their applications because of the impossibility of decrease in toxicity due to the presence of substances in the resulting substance of 1st and 2nd classes of danger, having a translocation mechanism of transition in plants. And, nevertheless, the problem of sewage sludge cannot be solved by used approaches because of the high toxicity caused by the presence of substances of the 1st and 2nd hazard classes in the obtained substance, for which the translocation mechanism of environmental contamination is characteristic. The aim of our work is the substantiation of the hygienic safety of the utilization of products obtained by geotube technology from deposits at the Northern Station for aeration «Vodokanal-SPb» in road construction. As the object of research there was selected the complex of sludge lagoons of the Northern Station for aeration «Vodokanal-SPb» located in the village of Novosilky. Sanitary-chemical, toxicological, parasitological, bacteriological, radiological. It is possible to observe the binding of ionic forms of ecotoxicants, transition of them to a bound state, which provides for the environmental safety. Helminthological and bacteriological studies show the epidemic safety of the product obtained by geotubing. Geotube technology seems to be the most promising in the treatment of accumulated sludge beds on sewage sludge.
IMPACT OF WORKING CONDITIONS ON THE HEALTH OF WORKERS EMPLOYED IN NICKEL CARBONYL REFINING
Authors: Syurin Sergey A. , Nikanov A. N. , Shilov V. V.
Published: October 2019

A method of nickel carbonyl refining is known to be associated with an increased risk of acute and chronic nickel tetracarbonyl (TKN) intoxication. The purpose of the study was to examine the features of the influence of working conditions and, above all, TKN aerosols on the development of general and occupational pathology in nickel carbonyl production workers. In today’s nickel carbonyl refining TK is established to have a predominant influence on the development of chronic bronchopulmonary diseases, the most common of which are chronic bronchitis (11.5% of employees) and toxic pulmonary fibrosis (11.2% of employees). In the last 10 years there were no recorded cases of previously observed extra pulmonary diseases associated with toxic TKN effects (cardiomyopathy, hepatitis, encephalopathy). However, the employees engaged in nickel carbonyl refining continue to experience an increased risk of developing occupational diseases as compared to both electrolytic nickel production workers (RR = 2.13; CI 1.65-2.75), and auxiliary facilities workers (RR = 5.26; CI 3.17-8.21). Occupational diseases found in workers of all major specialties, reduced the duration of their active working life almost by 10 years. The conclusion is made about the need for an integrated approach to solve the problem of preservation of carbonyl production worker′s health which includes better working conditions, improved personal protective equipment from the effects of harmful factors, development of medical methods for early diagnosis and prevention of health disorders in this group of workers.
MODERN APPROACHES TO TOXICOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF EXTINGUISHING EXTENSIVE FIRES
Authors: Kuznetsov Sergey M. , Grebenyuk A. N.
Published: October 2019

The analysis of investigations on hygienic and toxicological assessment of the volume of fire extinguishers gives reason to believe that at this stage they do not have a single sound methodical approach. This situation often causes conflicting opinions on the results, calling into question their practical value, makes it difficult to compare fire-extinguishers on hygienic and toxicological criteria, increases the material, labor and time required to perform stadies. In the preparation of the paper there was used “many years” personal experience on the toxicological research and hygienic regulation of fire volume extinguishing means, and also the data analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications, regulatory and technical literature in this area. The list of basic medical and technical requirements to means of fire volume extinguishing, which will allow use of the available information and to seek specifically missing information on fire-extinguishers for the making of an informed decision concerning the possibility of their use in confined manned spaces. As hygiene regulations it is proposed to set the time of human stay in a safe environment with effective fire-extinguishing concentration of the test fire extinguishing agents which can be suggested not as a “maximum allowable”, but as “emergency” - maximum permissible length of stay. When assessing the risk of fire extinguishing means it has been justified the refusal to study the nature of the combined action of fire-extinguishers with the factors of the fire, the quantitative and qualitative composition of the possible products of thermal destruction of fire extinguishing agents. There was proposed an algorithm for the study, which will unify the toxicological and hygienic assessment of fire extinguishing agents, improve the repeatability and reproducibility of the results, save time and money by completing the research at the stage, the results of which could reasonably indicate to the impossibility of the use of fire-extinguishers in the presence of a person without means of enforcement of protection of respiration.
PECULIARITIES OF THE FACTOR STRUCTURE OF PHYSICAL WORKING CAPACITY IN BOYS AND GIRLS AGED OF 9-10 YEARS
Authors: Krivolapchuk Igor A. , Myshyakov V. V.
Published: October 2019

The study included children referred by their state of health to the main medical group (n=91). The average age of boys amounted to 9.6±0.05 years, and of girls - 9.5±0.05 years. The set of methods suitable for the study of school-aged children’s physical working capability at the wide range of accessible tensions was studied. The arrangement of the study met demands of Helsinki declaration. During the study 5 main factors determining physical working capacity structure in 9-10 aged children under the vast range of accessible tensions were found out. All the children were certainly health, went in for physical exercises according to commonly accepted program and did not attend sport sections. In the work there was used the complex of methods suitable for the study of the physical performance of schoolchildren in the large range of available loads. During the study there were selected 5 main factors determining the structure of the physical performance of children aged of 9-1-0 years. It is shown that boys’ and girls’ against background of the preservation of the common structure of the performance contributions of considered factors to the summarized dispersion of the sample, and physiological indices included in to the pattern of specific factors and their weight coefficients are distributed in various ways. Boys aged of 9-10 years were established to exceed girls by physical working capacity in all ranges of available loads. Meanwhile the greatest number of significant differences was identified concerning the variables characterizing working capacity in the moderate and high power relating with mainly aerobic and mixed aerobic-anaerobic power supply of muscular activity. Indices of aerobic capacity are characterized with the most differential “sensibility” in comparison with other energy criteria of the working capacity. The results of the study can be used in the solution of practical tasks according to hygienic rating and control of the value of physical loads of different relative power during the process of physical education of children aged of 9-10 years.