bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Penting Posisi Matahari Dalam Penentuan Rashdul Qiblat Lokal dan Global
Authors: Lestari Tina , Ramadhan Rizal
Published: August 2024

Penentuan arah kiblat dalam Islam berperan penting dalam menentukan arah Ka'bah di Makkah, Arab Saudi, yang menjadi rujukan bagi umat Islam dalam melaksanakan shalat. Posisi Matahari berperan penting dalam menentukan arah kiblat, terutama dalam metode kiblat Rashdul lokal dan global. Kiblat Rashdul lokal menggunakan posisi harian Matahari saat melintasi atau melewati kota Mekah, sedangkan Kiblat Rashdul global menggunakan posisi Matahari secara global untuk menentukan arah kiblat. Dalam menentukan arah kiblat, posisi Matahari digunakan sebagai acuan untuk menentukan arah Ka'bah, yang kemudian digunakan sebagai acuan dalam melakukan shalat. Perkembangan arah kiblat yang terus berlangsung seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan pengetahuan, memungkinkan umat Islam untuk menentukan arah kiblat dengan lebih akurat dan mudah.
The opposition interrogative intoneme vs. suspended intoneme in Santiago de Cuba intonation
Authors: Muñoz Alvarado Alex
Published: August 2024

"This paper focuses on the phonological opposition between two units of the
Spanish intonation system: interrogative intoneme vs. suspended intoneme, and describes the phonetic features of such units in a certain variety of southeastern Cuban Spanish, the variety of Santiago de Cuba city. The study is based on a spoken corpus of spontaneous conversations; the computer program Praat is used for the extraction of fundamental frequency contours, and the structural phonological approach is assumed as framework. The analysis result reveals particularities that should lead to nuance and enrich the generally accepted conceptions about the defining features of the Spanish language intonation. Keywords:
intonation; phonological opposition; phonetic description; melodic features;
perceptual tests"
Vowels in Cuban Spanish. An acoustic phonetic study of Havana speech samples
Authors: Sánchez Durán Claudia
Published: August 2024

"This article presents a phonetic study of Cuban Spanish vowels between bilabial consonants (context known as normal phonetic position), in Havana speech samples. From the acoustic, articulatory and statistical analysis, the formative letters of
the vowels in normal phonetic position in this linguistic variety are obtained; they also represent the fields of dispersion and the limits of each vowel class, aspects that have not been treated in phonetic investigations of Cuban Spanish. The analysis also established a frequency value of the vowel formants for each timbre. The corpus is made up of a total
of 40 carrier phrases, embedded in sentences that were recorded from university speakers born and living in Havana.
Keywords:
vowel; Havana Spanish; formative letters; formants; normal phonetic position"
The impact of human resource agility on the innovative performance in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies
Authors: Attiany Murad Salim , Al-kharabsheh Sami Awwad , Abusalma Abdallah
Published: August 2024

The goal of this research is to focus on the impact of HR agility on Jordanian pharmaceutical manufacturing companies’ innovative performance. The study population of the study consists of managers at different levels of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. Convenience sample consists of 450 questionnaires was sent. PLS-SEM was employed in this work to assess the measurement model and to verify the study theories. The findings revealed that human resource agility has a positive impact on innovative performance. The implications of the research as this analysis have shown, a variety of factors influence the agility of human resources, allowing organizations to create and implement strategies that lead to better adaptability in a rapidly changing environment. Significant ramifications could arise from this review for organizations that prioritize fostering employee confidence, refining strategies to gain a competitive edge, enhancing employee skills, and adapting to both internal and external shifts in the work environment.
Narratives of Chinese policies on route R3A tourism development: A question in collaboration
Authors: Pechdin Watchara , Swangsilp Sorasich , Sukdanont Sumalee , Diem Nguyen Ho Tien
Published: August 2024

The R3A Route represents a collaborative initiative involving the governments of Thailand, Laos, and China aimed at bolstering connectivity along the North-South Economic Corridor, as a vital component of the Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program (GMS). Since its inception in 2008, this endeavor has substantially enhanced the logistical framework between Thailand, Laos, and China. However, it has also revealed an imbalance in the benefit distribution of value chains within the tourism industry. One of the fact that, local stakeholders in each country often leverage their home country’s advantages, leading to the exploitation of counterparts with lower capacity in other nations. This unfair utilization goes against the initial intentions of fostering collaboration among these countries. Given China and its development as a starting point for tourism and its popularity among tourists traveling this route, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of China’s policy and insights of its influences on R3A tourism development in Laos and Thailand. The study constructs a content analysis with an umbrella of stakeholder analysis based on reliable data and is cross-verified through data triangulation. The findings lead to recommendations aimed at making Thai-Lao-Chinese tourism cooperation more sustainable and effective.
Change starts at home: summary of the 2023 inaugural Small Animal Antimicrobial Stewardship Workshop for US Veterinary Schools
Authors: Fellman Claire L. , Janovyak Emily , Bollig Emma R. , DeStefano Ian M. , Diaz-Campos Dubraska , Granick Jennifer L.
Published: August 2024

Small animal antimicrobial stewardship (AS) is emerging as a priority area in the global battle against antimicrobial resistance. Veterinary practices have limited support for implementation of AS programs, and even within veterinary schools, efforts are largely siloed and often limited in scope. Increased collaboration is needed to support and unify AS and infection prevention and control efforts, and to identify priorities for continued research. To address this, a 2-day in-person small animal AS workshop was held in August 2023. Delegates representing 23 US veterinary schools and 4 corporations/government agencies gathered for a series of lightning talks and focused group discussions in 3 domains: implementation of clinical AS programs, research opportunities and needs, and education. The workshop’s goal was to identify and propose solutions for AS challenges. Meeting discussion identified a lack of resources and training as the greatest barriers to hospital AS program advancement and suggested creating standards for AS programs and a road map to support program development. Assessing antimicrobial treatment effects and performing studies to establish necessary treatment durations were considered the highest research priorities. Integrated educational practices were recommended to support unified messaging of AS concepts between preclinical and clinical training. The development of strategies to implement these suggestions was delegated to working groups with a goal to continue meeting biennially as a large group. Sharing news of these efforts is considered integral to heightening awareness and promoting implementation of AS practices moving forward in academic, specialty, and primary care settings.
Características de la larva de Echinococcus vogeli Rausch y Bernstein, 1972 en el huésped intermediario natural, la guagua Cuniculus paca L. (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae)
Authors: R.L. Rausch  , A. D'Alessandro  , V.R. Rausch
Published: August 2024

En Colombia el huésped intermediario natural de Echinococcus vogeli Rausch y Bernstein, 1972 es la guagua, Cuniculus paca L. (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae). El céstodo larvario se desarrolla en el hígado del huésped, donde casi siempre se lo ve parcialmente expuesto bajo la cápsula de Glisson. La larva infectiva está constituida por una vesícula llena de líquido entre subesférica y asimétrica, con más de 30 mm de diámetro, envuelta por una membrana laminada gruesa. Su lumen contiene numerosas cavidades, que a menudo se interconectan, y que se producen por proliferación endógena de tejido germinal y laminado, dentro del cual se originan a partir de la capa germinal las vesículas hijas de distribución irregular. No se observó crecimiento invasivo, por proliferación exógena, típica de las infecciones en el hombre. Se describe el desarrollo del céstodo larvario con base en material de guaguas, suplementado mediante la observación de lesiones iniciales en nutrias experimentalmente infectadas, Myocastor coypus (Molina) (Rodentia: Capromyidae). En el huésped intermediario, que tiene una vida comparativamente larga, se observa el estadío larvario temprano, el maduro (infectivo), y las larvas que sufren degeneración. Cada uno con una respuesta tisular diferente. Además de las diferencias descritas antes sobre tamaños y formas de los ganchos rostelares, se han definido otras características morfológicas por medio de las cuales se distingue el estadío larvario de E. vogeli del de E. oligarthrus (Dieding, 1863). La patogénesis de E. vofeli larvario en el hombre, como la de E. multilocularias Leuckart, 1863, larvario, es consecuencia de la proliferación atípica de vesículas atribuible a incompatibilidad entre el parásito y el huésped.
Veinte años después: Talidomida, nuevo agente antirreumático. Comunicación preliminar
Authors: Oscar Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
Published: August 2024

Al considerar las similitudes que existen entre las enfermedades del tejido conectivo y la reacción leprótica y conociendo el efecto de la talidomida sobre esta última, se aplicó la droga en 2 casos de artritis reumatoidea definida de varios años de evolución. La dosis inicial fue de 300 mg y luego se aumentó hasta 600 mg. La respuesta fue rápida, con desaparición de los dolores y de los fenómenos inflamatorios articulares. Durante el tratamiento hubo exacerbación del dolor con presencia de prurito, eritema y edema de la cara y de las extremidades, manifestaciones que cedieron con la administración de antihistamínicos. La velocidad de sedimentación globular se normalizó en una paciente y descendió de manera apreciable en la otra. La remisión que se obtuvo al principio continúa al cabo de 5 y 13 semanas después de suspender la talidomida.
El caso radiológico
Authors: Carlos Chamorro Mera  , Abraham Kestemberg
Published: August 2024

Mujer de 45 años. Consulta por dolor de tipo post-prandial, localizado en el flanco y en la fosa ilíaca izquierdos. En el mes previo había hecho diarrea que se alternaba con heces en forma de cinta pintadas de sangre; se quejaba además de náuseas y llanura.
Convulsiones o ataques febriles
Authors: Edwin L. Kending, Jr.  , Paul R. Dyken  , Nyrma Hernández  , Marion C. McKee  , Hart de C. Peterson  , Nelson G. Richards  , Robert H. Shackelford  , Elbert E. Smith  , B.J. Wilder  , Janet Wittes
Published: August 2024

En los Institutos Nacionales de la Salud de los Estados Unidos de Norte de América, se llevó a cabo una Conferencia para el Desarrollo de un Consenso sobre Convulsiones o Ataques Febriles. La conferencia tuvo el propósito de reunir médicos, a científicos del campo de investigación y a representantes de organizaciones voluntarias, entre otros, en un esfuerzo por llegar a un acuerdo general acerca de los de riesgo de secuelas en los niños que sufren convulsiones febriles y para comparar esto con los posibles riesgos y beneficios del tratamiento profiláctico con anticonvulsivos.
Hepatoma. Experiencia en Cali
Authors: Carlos Hugo Moreno  , Eduardo de Lima  , Héctor R. Villarraga  , Carlos Cuello  , Luis Guillermo Mayoral
Published: August 2024

Se analizaron 59 casos de tumores primarios de hígado estudiados en el Hospital Universitario del Valle en Cali, Colombia, entre 1953 y 1984. Se revisaron las características clínicas, bioquímicas y patológicas de estas lesionas en forma retrospectiva. Se discuten estos hallazgos y se comparan con los de otras series publicadas en diferentes partes del mundo.
Extractos de la literatura médica colombiana
Authors: Carlos Corredor
Published: August 2024

N/A
Polipeptomía endoscópica de colon: experiencia en el Hospital Universitario del Valle
Authors: Echavarría Héctor Raúl
Published: August 2024

Se presenta la experiencia inicial en el Hospital Universitario del Valle, en Cali, Colombia, con la resección endoscópica de pólipos de colon. En total se trataron 19 pacientes de quienes se resecaron endoscópicamente 67 pólipos. La distribución por sexos fue similar. Casi 95% de los pólipos se localizaban en el colon izquierdo, al alcance del rectosigmoidoscopio flexible de 60 cm; sólo 22% estaban al alcance del rectosigmoidoscopio rígido. Según la clasificación histológica se encontraron 42% de pólipos juveniles y 42% de pólipos adenomatosos. Uno de los enfermos, con un síndrome de poliposis juvenil presentaba un foco de carcinoma in situ. Los pólipos adenomatosos, que tienen una mayor tendencia a presentar malignidad, se observaron más comúnmente en la séptima década de la vida.
Prevalencia y factores asociados con la amputación de extremidades, Cali, 1985
Authors: Villaquirán Sarasti Jaime , Uribe de Villaquirán Carmen
Published: August 2024

El presente trabajo analiza en detalle un estudio de prevalencia de limitaciones físicas en la población de Cali que mostró un número máximo estimado de 4977 amputados para julio de 1895. por lo general las tasas de amputación aumentan con la edad y se observa una prevalencia en el sexo masculino. Un 64.3% de las personas con limitaciones llevaban más de 10 años de residencia en la ciudad y 51% no eran nativos del Departamento de Valle. El origen de la limitación era adquirido en 87%, de origen congénito en 13%. Las limitaciones tenían mayor prevalencia en el nivel socioeconómico más bajo. La amputación de una extremidad es una deficiencia musculoesquelética que ha aumentado su incidencia con el índice de supervivencia e industrialización en el mundo. Se hace discusión del problema, que incluye los aspectos de atención médica, aspectos familiares, sociales y recreativos y se dan algunas sugerencias para enfrentarlo.
Factores asociados con la desnutrición intrauterina en recién nacidos a término
Authors: Bergonzoli Peláez Gustavo , Bejarano Walter , Bersh Sonia , Bonilla Hernán , Ramírez Augusto , Ghedini Ramos Luis , Reyes Guillermo Alberto , Rosero Indira , Solano María del Pilar
Published: August 2024

Se presenta un estudio epidemiológico usando la metodología de casos y controles con el cual se propuso evaluar los factores asociados con la desnutrición intrauterina en neonatos con gestación completa. Nueve de las 11 salas de maternidad de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia, fueron incluidas en este trabajo. Una muestra aleatoria de 69 casos y 71 controles fue estudiada desde el punto de vista demográfico, socioeconómico, médico y biológico. Las variables encontradas y que ejercieron una marcada influencia sobre el peso del recién nacido fueron: edad de la madre, luego de ajustada según el número de embarazos y talle del neonato, es un factor de riesgo muy alto (RR=25.82 intervalo de confianza al 95% 8.83-75.49); peso de la madre previo a su embarazo; antecedente de irregularidad en los ciclos menstruales; antecedente de otro hijo con bajo peso al nacer; deficiencia en el cuidado prenatal; y el tipo de embarazo único o múltiple. También es importante anotar, en relación con el control prenatal, que no solamente hubo diferencias en el aspecto cuantitativo sino también en el cualitativo medido a través de un examen clínico "trazador", como lo fue el parcial de orina (Z = 1.98, p < 0.05).
La atención al niño quemado y su relación con la estancia hospitalaria
Authors: Castillo E. Edelmira , Arias Luz Eneida , Hurtado Nubia , Lozano Jairo , Marles Luz Marina , Terranova Daniel
Published: August 2024

Con el fin de establecer la relación existente entre el tiempo de hospitalización y la atención de niños quemados se realizó un estudio expost facto, mediante el seguimiento de 30 niños entre 0-11 años de edad, hospitalizados en la Unidad de Quemados del Hospital Universitario del Valle, entre octubre, 1986 y febrero, 1987. La mayoría de los niños (46.6%), tenían edades entre 0-2 años, 80% de las quemaduras fueron grado II y causadas por líquidos calientes (73.3%), aceite y gasolina (6.7%). El cálculo y la administración de líquidos en las primeras 24 horas postquemadura fueron incorrectos en 62% y 79.3% de los casos respectivamente. Las quemaduras fueron tratadas tópicamente con triconjugado y sulfa-plata en 66.6% de los casos, presentándose infección de las mismas en 33.3% de los niños. Sólo 44.8% del total recibieron dieta hiperproteica-hipercalórica. La mayoría (55.2%) estuvieron hospitalizadas de 9 a 16 días
Inutilidad de drenajes en cirugía tiroidea. Estudio clínico controlado
Authors: Pérez María Victoria , Rubiano Jaime , Méndez Manuel , Alberto García
Published: August 2024

Se realizó un estudio clínico controlado en 102 pacientes operados por patología tiroidea en el Instituto de Seguros Sociales y el Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia, con el fin de evaluar los beneficios de la utilización rutinaria de drenaje. Los 102 pacientes tenían patologías benignas o malignas del tiroides y en ellos se realizaron diferentes tipos de cirugías. Escogidos en forma aleatoria se formaron dos grupos, uno con 47 pacientes a quienes se les dejó dren y 55 a quienes no se les dejó. En el primer grupo se presentaron 5 complicaciones (10.6%) y en el segundo 5 (9.1%) diferencias que no son estadísticamente significantes. Se presentaron en total 11 complicaciones en 10 pacientes, 6 en pacientes con dren 5 y 5 en pacientes sin dren. Las complicaciones fueron: 9 hematomas y 2 infecciones de la herida.
Validación de una cinta para vigilancia nutricional
Authors: Bazar Calonje Suzanne
Published: August 2024

Se tomaron medidas antropométricas de una muestra de 3,772 niños colombianos menores de 6 años con el propósito de validar una cinta de 3 colores, según la edad, que se utiliza para medir el estado nutricional con el perímetro braquial. Se registraron la edad en meses, el peso, la clasificación nutricional según la cinta (verde=bien nutrido; amarillo=en riesgo nutricional; rojo=desnutrido) y el perímetro braquial. Se clasificó la muestra según peso por edad con las referencias del Fels Research Insitute y del National Center for Health Statistics, así: bien nutrido < -1DS; en riesgo nutricional > -2DS a < -1DS; desnutrido < -2DS. Para el análisis de sensibilidad-especificidad y la determinación del valor predictivo, se utilizaron los puntos de corte entre bien nutrido y no bien nutrido (verde y amarillo) para cada escala. La sensibilidad varió entre 98.4% y 88.9% y la especificidad entre 50.2% y 74%. El valor predictivo positivo para niños menores de seis meses fue bajo (27.9%), de acuerdo con la baja prevalencia de desnutrición en este grupo etáreo en Colombia. Se establecieron las probabilidades de error para todos los puntos de corte. Según los resultados del estudio, se ajustaron algunos puntos de corte, se descontinuó el uso de la cinta en niños menores de 6 meses y se desarrollaron escalar para 24-35 y 36-47 meses. También se modificó el diseño de la cinta para incluir todos los rangos de edad en una sola cinta.
Epidemiología del HTVL-1 en indígenas de Colombia
Authors: Fundación MAR, Cali, Colombia
Published: August 2024

Se realizaron exámenes serológicos para identificar anticuerpos contra el virus humano de la leucemia-linfoma de células T del adulto (HTLV-1) en diferentes grupos indígenas de los Andes, la Guajira y la Amazonia colombiana. Se estudiaron indígenas Ingá, Páez, Kamsá, Guambianos y mestizos de las regiones cercanas a Pasto y Popayán, Ticunas, Witotos y Mirañas del Amazonas; y Wayús de la Guajira. Los sueros que resultaron positivos por el método de aglutinación de partículas de gelatina se reevaluaron con la técnica de la immunofluorescencia indirecta y se compararon con los de personas de raza negra de Guapi y Timbiquí, poblaciones endémicas para HTLV-1 en la costa del Pacífico. Los resultados muestran que el virus es endémico no sólo en esta última región, sino también en algunos grupos indígenas del sur de los Andes de Colombia. El hecho de encontrar tres mujeres con paraparesia espástica tropical (PET) asociada con el HTVL-1 sugiere que varios miles de estos indígenas estén infectados por este virus desarrollan la PET.
STRATEGI PENATAAN BANGUNAN SEBAGAI RESPON PERUBAHAN SPASIAL PADA HUNIAN VERNAKULAR DI KOTA LAMA KUDUS
Authors: Anisa Anisa , Nur'aini Ratna Dewi , Nurjannah Irma , Lissimia Finta
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan proses induktif pada hunian vernakular yaitu rumah kilungan di Kota Lama Kudus. Jumlah kasus penelitian 10 kasus, ditentukan pada saat observasi lapangan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi lapangan dan wawancara bersamaan dengan analisis penelitian untuk mendapatkan temuan pada tiap kasus. Proses akhir analisis adalah melakukan dialog antar tema temuan sampai didapatkan strategi penataan bangunan pada hunian vernakular di Kota Lama Kudus. Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya tiga konsep yang mendasari keberlanjutan dan perubahan spasial yaitu hirarki, sakralitas, dan adaptasi spasial. Ketiga konsep ini yang berpengaruh terhadap strategi penataan bangunan pada rumah kilungan. Strategi penataan bangunan berkaitan dengan penataan ruang, karena strategi penataan berkaitan dengan aspek mikro dan makro. Urutan pada strategi penataan ini berkaitan dengan hirarki dan sakralitas ruang. Sehingga temuan akhir adalah integrasi hirarki-sakralitas-adaptasi yang terwujud pada penataan bangunan pada hunian vernakular.
PENERAPAN KONSEP ECO-MODERN ETHNIC PADA BANGUNAN HOTEL RESOR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dachi Adinda Putri , Pribadi I Gede Oka Sindhu , Lahji Khotijah
Published: August 2024

Perancangan Hotel Resor pada kawasan hutan eco forest di Kuningan, Jawa Barat, menerapkan konsep eco-modern ethnic sebagai dasar pengembangan pariwisata yang ramah lingkungan, memadukan arsitektur ethnic selaras dengan kebudayaan dan penggunaan teknologi modern serta menekankan pada aspek modern. Tujuan pada penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui kriteria ideal perencanaan menggunakan konsep eco-modern ethnic dalam pengembangan wisata Hotel Resor pada kawasan hutan eco forest di Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian adalah metode kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan studi literatur dan studi preseden dengan tiga komponen penelitian yaitu konsep eco-architecture, modern architecture dan ethnic architecture. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan Hotel Eco-Resort di Indonesia menerapkan aspek eco architecture dalam kelestarian wisata alam setempat dengan menunjukkan keunikan kebudayaan lokal melalui ethnic architecture serta penerapan modern architecture dalam penggunaan desain pada bangunan.
EXPANDIR O ACESSO ÀS ARTES: BOAS PRÁTICAS DE AUDIODESCRIÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE CONFINAMENTO
Authors: Freire Carla
Published: August 2024

A pessoa com deficiência visual vê-se, muitas vezes, privada do acesso à arte e à cultura por falta de medidas de acessibilidade que permitam a fruição deste tipo de serviços e/ou produtos. A pandemia por COVID-19 veio a transformar o mundo como o conhecíamos: as exigências derivadas dos sucessivos confinamentos, obrigaram os agentes culturais a reinventarem-se, pensando em novas formas de chegar aos diferentes públicos, o que pode contribuir para a expansão de algumas técnicas de acessibilidade, tais como a audiodescrição, descentralizando, desta forma, o acesso à arte. A audiodescrição é um dos recursos que pode contribuir para a fruição da cultura e que consiste numa técnica de acessibilidade que permite “transformar” as imagens em palavras, de forma que as pessoas com deficiência visual possam conhecer e compreender o mundo imagético que as rodeia e ao qual, normalmente, não têm acesso. Esta técnica ainda não é conhecida por todas as pessoas o que pode dificultar a expansão deste recurso e respetiva implementação. Desta forma, urge dar a conhecer o que é a audiodescrição para que mais agentes culturais a possam vir a utilizar e mais pessoas com deficiência visual possam usufruir dela. Assim, é importante divulgar exemplos de boas práticas que permitam levar a arte à casa das pessoas. O presente trabalho tem como intuito promover a reflexão sobre as potencialidades de acesso que possam ter surgido em épocas de confinamento por COVID-19 e apresentar exemplos de boas práticas de disponibilização das artes considerando a pessoa com deficiência visual.
Daging Buatan Hasil Rekayasa Genetika Ditinjau dari Kehalalannya dan Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen
Authors: Fristikawati Yanti , Nugroho Ferdinandus Hartadi Eddy
Published: August 2024

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang  memenuhi kebutuhan pangannya dari hasil peternakan seperti daging unggas dan daging sapi. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi dan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan daging sapi, maka mulai dikembangkan daging sapi dari hasil rekayasa genetika atau disebut daging in vitro.  Adanya jenis daging rekayasa genetika ini di satu sisi memberikan  solusi untuk kebutuhan daging di masyarakat, namun di sisi lain menimbulkan permasalahan anatara lain apakah daging tersebut aman dikonsumsi dan apakah masuk kedalam makanan halal menurut hukum Islam. Tulisan ini akan membahas tentang bagaimana perlindungan masyarakat sebagai konsumen terkait daging buatan laboratorium hasil rekayasa genetika sesuai dengan aturan yang ada, serta bagaimana tentang kehalalan daging tersebut menurut MUI dan NU. Penelitian dilakukan secara yuridis normatif dengan mengkaji aturan dan berbagai bahan sekunder lainnya. Dengan adanya UU Perlindungan Konsumen,dan UU tentang Pangan, maka konsumen dapat terlindungi sehingga jika daging buatan hasil rekayasa di laboratorium aman bagi kesehatan manusia. Namun dalam penerapan aturan tersebut perlu pengawasan. Kehalalan juga sudah dipenuhi dengan penjelasan dari Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Dengan demikian daging buatan tersebut dapat menjadi salah satu pilihan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan dan menjadi alternatif pengganti daging alami untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat.
Uso de plantas medicinais por diabéticos e hipertensos na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Leal Samuel Dias , Andrade Lucas Beserra , Rodrigues Rodrigo Barnabé , Santos Caio Neves , Andrade Tatiane Pires de Oliveira , Nunes Naira Souza , Neto José Xavier de Oliveira , Menezes Lainara Hanna Bastos da Silva , Santos Júnior Oldemi Saldanha dos , Dobrachinski Leandro
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Conhecer as plantas medicinais utilizadas por diabéticos e/ou hipertensos na atenção primária à saúde de Barreiras, Bahia. Métodos: Pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, exploratória e transversal realizada em 10 unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde entre 2020 e 2023. Participaram 937 pacientes diagnosticados com hipertensão arterial e/ou diabetes mellitus, cadastrados nas unidades de saúde e acompanhados regularmente. Foi aplicada uma entrevista com formulário de 26 questões, abrangendo dados sociodemográficos, informações sobre a patologia, tratamento, adesão à medicação convencional e uso de plantas medicinais. Resultados: Os 937 pacientes utilizam várias plantas medicinais para complementar seus tratamentos convencionais. Entre as mais citadas estão o alho (Allium sativum L.), a babosa (Aloe vera L.) e a graviola (Annona muricata L.), destacando-se por propriedades anti-hipertensivas e hipoglicemiantes. Observou-se que a maioria dos pacientes não informa os profissionais de saúde sobre o uso dessas plantas, evidenciando a necessidade de orientação adequada e integração do conhecimento popular com o científico para garantir a eficácia e segurança dessas práticas. Conclusão: O uso de plantas medicinais por hipertensos e/ou diabéticos é consolidado. É imperativo implementar serviços de orientação para maximizar as propriedades terapêuticas dos recursos naturais, garantindo eficácia e segurança em seu uso.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus Aureus in a Pediatric Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India
Authors: Perumal Sulochana Putli Bai , Hameed Majeetha Banu Shahul
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

To determine the current antimicrobial sensitivity profile of MRSA and compare it with the antimicrobial sensitivity of MSSA (Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus)

Material and Methods:

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is a global public health concern. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is often resistant to the many classes of antibiotics compared to the methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Five hundred and fifty S. aureus isolates obtained from clinical samples of pediatric patients were studied to determine the difference in the antimicrobial susceptibility between MRSA and MSSA.

Results:

Out of 550 S. aureus isolates, 59.3% were MSSA, and 40.7% were MRSA. The antimicrobial sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, clindamycin, erythomycin, tetracycline of MSSA was 26.4% , 93.6%, 81.5%, 61.2%, 95.4% respectively, and that of MRSA was 4.9%, 56.2%, 58%, 31%, 89.8% respectively.

Conclusion:

Antimicrobial sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline were significantly higher in MSSA than in MRSA.
A comparative study on clinical features and COVID-19 severity in pediatric patients and adults
Authors: Singh Mairembam Stelin , Singh Tanya , Ansari Mairaj Ahmed , Yellaboina Sailu
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as a global threat affecting diverse populations. While the severity of the disease is often associated with comorbidities and inflammation, pediatric patients generally experience a milder course. Limited studies exist regarding the factors influencing acute COVID-19 severity in pediatric patients compared to the elderly. This review aims to bridge this knowledge gap by investigating clinical presentations and potential factors contributing to severity, providing valuable insights into the relationship between age and disease outcomes.

Methods

Our study encompassed diverse settings, including hospitals and communities, with a focus on children and adults. We conducted a comprehensive literature review, analyzing PCR and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases. The primary purpose was to elucidate demographic and clinical features, shedding light on the prevalence of symptoms and signs in pediatric patients.

Results

The results demonstrate a reduced prevalence of COVID-19 in hospitalized children as compared to adults, that are consistent with the generally milder clinical trajectory observed in pediatric cases. The study identifies factors contributing to severity in different age groups, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of COVID-19 manifestations.

Conclusion

This literature review enhances our comprehension of COVID-19 across age groups, emphasizing the milder nature of the disease in pediatric patients. By uncovering factors influencing severity, this work contributes valuable knowledge for effective patient management, especially in older age groups where the risk is higher. The distinctive ability of younger individuals to combat the virus underscores the importance of tailored strategies for diverse age demographics in addressing this global health crisis.
A neural network reconstruction approach for obtaining parallax-free X-ray powder diffraction computed tomography data from large samples
Authors: Dong Hongyang , Jacques Simon D.M. , Butler Keith T. , Gutowski Olof , Dippel Ann-Christin , von Zimmerman Martin , Beale Andrew M. , Vamvakeros Antonis
Published: August 2024

In this study, we introduce a method designed to eliminate parallax artefacts present in X-ray powder diffraction computed tomography data acquired from large samples. These parallax artefacts manifest as artificial peak shifting, broadening and splitting, leading to inaccurate physicochemical information, such as lattice parameters and crystallite sizes. Our approach integrates a 3D artificial neural network architecture with a forward projector that accounts for the experimental geometry and sample thickness. It is a self-supervised tomographic volume reconstruction approach designed to be chemistry-agnostic, eliminating the need for prior knowledge of the sample's chemical composition. We showcase the efficacy of this method through its application on both simulated and experimental X-ray powder diffraction tomography data, acquired from a phantom sample and an NMC532 cylindrical Lithium-ion battery.
Structural transformations of metal-organic cages through tetrazine-alkene reactivity
Authors: Black Martin , Bhattacharyya Soumalya , Argent Stephen , Pilgrim Ben
Published: August 2024

The assembly of metal-organic cages is governed by metal ion coordination preferences and the geometries of the typically rigid and planar precursor ligands. PdnL2n cages are amongst the most structurally diverse, with subtle differences in the metal-ligand coordination vectors resulting in drastically different assemblies, however almost all rely on rigid aromatic linkers to avoid the formation of intractable mixtures. Here we exploit the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction between tetrazine linker groups and alkene reagents to trigger structural changes induced by post-assembly modification. The structure of the 1,4-dihydropyridazine produced by IEDDA (often an afterthought in click chemistry) is crucial; its two sp3 centers increase flexibility and non-planarity, drastically changing the range of accessible coordination vectors. This triggers an initial Pd4L8 tetrahedral cage to transform into different Pd2L4 lantern cages, with both the transformation extent (thermodynamics) and rate (kinetics) dependent on the alkene dienophile selected. With cyclopentene, the unsymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridazine ligands undergo integrative sorting in the solid state, with both head-to-tail orientation and enantiomer selection, leading to a single isomer from the 39 possible. This preference is rationalized through entropy, symmetry, and hydrogen bonding. Subsequent oxidation of the 1,4-dihydropyridazine to the aromatic pyridazine rigidifies the ligands, restoring planarity. The oxidized ligands no longer fit in the lantern structure, inducing further structural transformations into Pd4L8 tetrahedra and Pd3L6 double-walled triangles. The concept of controllable addition of limited additional flexibility and then its removal through well-defined reactivity we envisage being of great interest for structural transformations of any class of supramolecular architecture.
OPEN DUMPING AND BURNING: AN OVERLOOKED SOURCE OF TERRESTRIAL MICROPLASTICS IN UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES
Authors: Hess Kendra Z. , Forsythe Kyle , Wang Xuewen , Tipling Gwen , Jones Jesse , Mata Melissa , Hughes Victoria , Martin Christine , Doyle John , Scott Justin , Minghetti Matteo , Jilling Andrea , Cerrato Jose M. , El Hayek Eliane , Gonzalez-Estrella Jorge
Published: August 2024

Open dumping and burning of solid waste are widely practiced in underserved communities lacking access to solid waste management facilities; however, the generation of microplastics from these sites has been overlooked. We report elevated concentrations of microplastics (MPs) in soil of three solid waste open dump and burn sites: a single-family site in Tuttle, Oklahoma, USA, and two community-wide sites in Crow Agency and Lodge Grass, Montana, USA. We extracted, quantified, and characterized MPs from two soil depths (0-9 cm and 9-18 cm). The abundance of particles found at the three sites (35,000 to 69,200 particles kg-1 soil) equals or exceeds reported concentrations from currently understood sources of MPs including biosolids application and other agricultural practices. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared (ATR-FTIR) identified polyethylene as the dominant polymer across all sites (46.2%-84.8%). We also detected rayon (≤11.5%), polystyrene (up to 11.5%), polyethylene terephthalate (≤5.1), polyvinyl chloride (≤4.4%), polyester (≤3.1), and acrylic (≤2.2%). Burned MPs accounted for 76.3 to 96.9% of the MPs found in both community wide dumping sites. These results indicate that solid waste dumping and burning activities are a major source of thermally oxidized MPs for the surrounding terrestrial environment with potential to negatively affect underserved communities.
Molecular mechanism of the triplet states formation in bodipy-phenoxazine photosensitizer dyads confirmed by ab initio prediction of the spin polarization
Authors: Kosaka Maria , Miyokawa Katsuki , Kurashige Yuki
Published: August 2024

Efficient formations of excited triplet states on the metal-free photosensitizer dyads, bodipy-phenoxazine (BDP-PXZ) and tetramethylbodipy-phenoxazine (TMBDP-PXZ), were investigated by ab initio calculations. We revealed the reason why two different triplet transient species, 3CT and 3BDP, can co-exist only for BDP-PXZ as observed in the previous study with the TR-EPR measurements. It was found that the state mixing of 3CT enables the transition from 1CT to 3CT and 3BDP states only for BDP-PXZ . This mixing effect is commonly seen in the singlet states of twisted intermolecular charge transfer molecules, though the key factor that determines the mixing of the excited states of the dyes was found to be the electron-donating ability of the substituents rather than their steric hindrance. The mechanism was corroborated by comparing the spin polarization ratio of the triplet spin-sublevels measured by the TR-EPR with the theoretical predictions. The spin polarization ratio of the triplets should contain information about the transition via intersystem crossing, e.g. the twisted angle of two chromophores of the dyad, and thus it can be a powerful tool to analyze the molecular mechanism of photochemical processes at the electronic structure level. These insights on molecular structures’ effect provided by this theoretical study would be a compass to molecular design for metal-free triplet photosensitizers.
Leveraging dual-ligase recruitment to enhance degradation via a heterotrivalent PROTAC
Authors: Bond Adam G. , Ordoño Miquel Muñoz i , Bisbach Celia M. , Craigon Conner , Makukhin Nikolai , Caine Elizabeth A. , Nagala Manjula , Urh Marjeta , Winter Georg E. , Riching Kristin M. , Ciulli Alessio
Published: August 2024

Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degraders are typically bifunctional with one moiety of an E3 ligase ligand connected to one target protein ligand via a linker. While augmented valency has been shown with trivalent PROTACs targeting two binding sites within a given target protein, or used to recruit two different targets, the possibility of recruiting two different E3 ligases within the same compound has not been demonstrated. Here we present dual-ligase recruitment as a strategy to enhance targeted protein degradation. We designed heterotrivalent PROTACs composed of a CRBN, VHL and BET targeting ligand, separately tethered via a branched trifunctional linker. Structure-activity relationships of 12 analogues qualifies AB3067 as the most potent and fastest degrader of BET proteins, with minimal E3 ligase cross-degradation. Comparative kinetic analyses in wild-type and ligase single and double knockout cell lines revealed that protein ubiquitination and degradation induced by AB3067 was contributed by both CRBN and VHL in an additive fashion. We further expand the scope of the dual-ligase approach by developing a hetero-trivalent CRBN/VHL-based BromoTag degrader and a tetravalent PROTAC comprising of two BET ligand moieties. In summary, we provide proof-of-concept for dual-E3 ligase recruitment as a strategy to boost degradation fitness by recruiting two E3 ligases with a single degrader molecule. This approach could potentially delay the outset of resistance mechanisms involving loss of E3 ligase functionality.
Zero-emission joining methods for low-load automotive structural components
Authors: Chyła Krzysztof , Sulima Karolina , Gaska Krzysztof
Published: August 2024

The article contains general information on the bonding of aluminum sheets, taking into account the most commonly used methods of surface preparation of sheets, a description of the bonding mechanism and a comparison of the different types of adhesives used in the industry, a summary table provides information on the most commonly used adhesives used in the industry. In addition, the static tensile test of aluminum alloys used in the automotive industry is described. In the following part of the article, the research problem of bonding strength of sheet metal by gluing with two types of two-component adhesive Epidian 57 and Epidian 53 is solved. In the practical part of the research, aluminum alloy 2024 - T3, the most commonly used alloy for the production of low-load structural components used in the automotive and aerospace industries, was used. The test consisted of gluing together two overlapping (overlap bonding) sheets of metal with different types of adhesive using a specially designed device. The thickness of the sheet used was 1mm, the total thickness was 2mm. After the gluing process, the samples were torn on a testing machine. The results are shown in a summary table and presented in a graph.
Teaching Reform and Practice of PLC Course with the Integration of Job Certification Competition Courses
Authors: Xia Jingzhong
Published: August 2024

This article aims to explore the teaching reform and practice of PLC courses under the integration mode of job certification and competition courses. By analyzing the current problems in the teaching of PLC courses in vocational schools and combining elements such as job requirements, skill certificate certification and skill competitions, a series of reform measures and practical experience have been proposed. The results indicate that the teaching mode of integrating job certification and competition courses can effectively enhance students’ practical abilities and professional qualities, providing new ideas and methods for teaching PLC courses in vocational schools.
An Analysis of the Impact of Higher Education Industrialization on University Management
Authors: Nie Hui
Published: August 2024

The industrialization of higher education is the trend of future university development, bringing new possibilities and unknown challenges to university management. Based on this, the article will analyze the impact of higher education industrialization on university management and how universities can adapt to it, to promote the healthy development of higher education, better playing the role of education, and delivering high-quality talents for the development of the times and society.
Self Assessment of The Risk of Covid-19 Transmission using The Inarisk Personal Application
Authors: Sutriningsih Ani , Ardiyani Vita Maryah , Andinawati Mia
Published: August 2024

One way to break the chain of spread of Covid-19 is through the InaRISK application. Knowledge of nursing students about this application is still low. BNPB entered Covid-19 into the InaRISK application at April 2020. Its function is to find out how the state of the area around us, whether it is included in the yellow, red or green zone. In addition, the community can conduct an independent assessment regarding the need or not to conduct a rapid test through the InaRISK application. The purpose of this activity was to provide counseling about InaRISK Personal application and measure the risk of Covid-19 of students. The method used by giving counselling about InaRISK Personal application through lectures to 36 students at Faculty of Health Sciences. The results of the self-assessment showed based on the statement of potential for infection outside the home, most participants (88.9%) touched objects/money that were also touched by other people. Based on the statement of potential for infection in the house, most participants (86.1%) did not install hand sanitizer in front of the entrance, to clean their hands before holding the handle (handle at the house entrance). Based on the statement of endurance (immunity) all participants (100%) were under 60 years old and almost all participants (94.4%) did not have diseases: heart/diabetes/chronic respiratory disorders. The risk of participants being exposed to Covid-19 were based on the InaRISK Personal application, almost half of participants (44.4%) were in the low-risk category. Based on the measurement results, it could be concluded that the potential risk of Covid-19 transmission using the InaRISK Personal self-assessment on students had a low risk of 44.4%. The campus is expected to hold counseling programs or health promotions on a regular basis to provide information so that it can increase student knowledge.
Mental Health during The Covid-19 Pandemic in Nursing Students Dormitory at Malang
Authors: Trishinta Sirli Mardianan , Hastutiningtyas Wahidyanti Rahayu , Rosdiana Yanti
Published: August 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic is a threat to all people in the world. High mortality and morbidity rates cause anxiety for most people. The purpose of this community service is to provide public knowledge in managing anxiety amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in this community service is the lecture and discussion method. The target for this community service is 60 nursing professional students. The presentation of the material is carried out online through google meet. Anxiety is measured to find out how much anxiety is felt by students. Results. The results of measuring anxiety in nursing profession students found that most of the students had anxiety in the moderate category (55.00%). These results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has a real impact on student anxiety. This is due to the fear of being exposed to Covid-19 at any time. It is very important to carry out health education to the community to help the community overcome health problems or minimize the risk of health problems, including anxiety problems due to the threat of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Application of Reminiscence Therapy in Efforts to Prevent Dementia in the Elderly
Authors: Romadhon Wimar Anugrah , Suprajitno  , Wulandari Ning Arti , Rahmawaty RR Dewi
Published: August 2024

Elderly at risk of dementia caused by decrease in cognitive function, one of the treatments that is safe with no side effects is the reminiscence therapy to increase cognitive function. The purpose of this study was to explain the reminiscence therapy on level of dementia in the elderly. The design of this study was pre-experimental design. The population was elderly in PSTW Wlingi. The total sample was 15 respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with the inclusion criteria of cooperative elderly, easy to communicate with and willing to become respondents. The independent variable was the reminiscence therapy which was carried out for 6 times in a week, the dependent variable was level of dementia. The data was collected by using MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) questionnaires and analyzed by using Paired t-test with a significance level of α ≤0.05. The reminiscence therapy to decrease level of dementia on elderly (p = 0.000). There was a significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention of the reminiscence therapy. The reminiscence therapy can improve cognitive function with dementia in the elderly. Elderly can apply the reminiscence therapy to help them memories and as support nursing intervention. The future studies could add to the respondents and determine the factors according to the characteristic of respondent.