bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRAGIC HUMANISM TRAITS IN THE SOVIET MONUMENTAL ART OF THE 1940S
Authors:   Research Institute of Theory and History of Fine Arts of the Russian Academy of Arts, Malinina Tat’yana G.
Published: August 2021

The theme of immortality as eternal life, which took an important place in the art of the period of the Great Patriotic War / World War II, was most fully expressed in the projects of memorial architecture. The competitions for projects of city centers, monuments and memorials, which were already widely held in those years, became a noticeable phenomenon of artistic life, and the graphic works themselves show that the very content of the concepts of memory and remembrance during the war years underwent significant changes. The attitude to memory becomes an essential dimension of the concept of memoriality; with the saturation of memory by symbols, a new interaction of the perceiving, experiencing and interpreting consciousness appears. That is how the mythologeme of Return is realized and the cultural tissues damaged by the revolution are regenerated. The study of the archetypal concepts of Life, Death, and Immortality in architecture, the visual arts in connection with similar phenomena in journalism and wartime poetry, allows one to understand how the return to lost values is reflected in artistic imagery, affects the cultural climate of the era, endows it with the features of tragic humanism
CAREER CAPITAL. CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Popova Irina P.
Published: August 2021

This article considers approaches to studying the career capital in the interdisciplinary career studies from the point of view of the creating conditions issues for professional development of employees. The concept was formed within the framework of the interdisciplinary career research, based on the concepts of the human, social and cultural capital, as one of the tools for understanding new processes in the field of labor. The content of those processes determines, among other things, the growing variety of career models and the need to adapt them to organizational strategies. Attention is focused on studying those concepts in two principal directions: considering it as a tool for management practices in modern organizations and considering it in the perspective of the career theory development. Conclusions are drawn that approaches to considering career capital are based on interdisciplinary interaction and understanding of the multilevel context of a career in the organizations research. Groups of environmental infrastructure factors are identified for the development of professional promotion opportunities; professional training of employees; individual career success.
DISTANCE LEARNING AND INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors:   Moscow Economical Institute, Gavrilenko Andrei V.
Published: August 2021

The article considers an issue of information security of the distance education systems. It analyzes the functions and architecture of the typical distance education system. With considering the requirements of information security it also discusses the university information system for solving the distance learning problems. The author defines valuable assets and information resources and describes the existing security threats. The subjects of interaction in the distance learning mode are presented. There is a consideration of the principal directions of the university’s activity in the distance learning system, requiring constant monitoring of information security. A threat model is worked out and the main security vulnerabilities are highlighted. The analysis of the causes and consequences of information security violation in the distance learning system is carried out and most vulnerable and critical nodes were identified. The hardware and software requirements for the remote mode work are regarded. A recommended list of hardware and software tools that ensure compliance with safety requirements is presented. The major lines of protection for distance learning systems are highlighted. The article proves the necessity of conducting a regular security assessment as a means for monitoring an effectiveness of the protection system.
NAMES OF PRECIOUS STONES IN BIBLICAL, POST-BIBLICAL, MEDIEVAL AND MODERN HEBREW
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Al Tawee Solaf
Published: August 2021

The article examines the Hebrew names of precious stones that are mentioned in the Bible in the books of Exodus (28:17-20 and 39:10-13), Ezekiel (27:16; 18:13), partly in Job (28:2-19) and in other passages of the Bible. Those names are characterized by the fact that they do not have an exact meaning in the biblical language and today they differ from the original language and do not mean the same realities as in the Biblical era. The purpose of the article is to explore the names of precious stones in Biblical, postBiblical, medieval, and modern Hebrew. The study of precious stones in different epochs of the development of the Hebrew language is a significant issue for Semitic philology, since many of them still do not have a clear gemological identification. That study was carried out on the material of text corpora in Hebrew of different epochs of the language development in the contextual, semantic, philological (word origin) and comparative (comparisons between translations of different epochs) aspects. The study used descriptive and comparative-historical methods.
THE OXYMORICITY OF СYCLIZATION IN SONG PERFORMANCES PRESENTED ON THE MODERN THEATER STAGE
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Domanskii Yurii V.
Published: August 2021

The article considers some of the song performances presented as a part of two theatrical productions on Moscow stage: Moscow’s Ermolova Theater musical performance of Dream Orchestra. Brass and stage production Boris hosted by Museum of Moscow. As it is illustrated, some of the songs in each of the stage productions are combined in a way that forms a sort of cycles. However, it is a kind of cyclization which is essentially characterized by oxymoronic nature. Namely the elements of the cyclization find themselves in confrontation with each other. Meanwhile, the paradox is that the oxymoricity highly intensifies the cyclization, for it takes part in creating a complete unity and it even works as a necessary conjunction for the cycle forming. As to meaning forming, the characteristic of artistic creation such as the oxymoricity of cyclization may work as a bright and effective way of representation on stage the versatility of human perception of reality, the complexity of human nature in its actual manifestations; also, it may help to aesthetically comprehend the difficult time, the time of transition, the time that generates abnormal life phenomena, and the time produced by the aberrant phenomena
TRAGEDY IN L. TIECK’S DRAMA. SOME ASPECTS
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Zotova Tatiana A.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the genre of tragedy in the works of L. Tieck, one of the key figures of German Romanticism. It is known that the tragedy genre among the German romantics is represented mainly by two varieties: the “tragedy of fate” (Schicksalsdrama) and the drama on a religious-historical theme (in literature most often referred to as Universaldrama, “universal drama”). L. Tieck stands at the origins of both genres, while the tragedy “The Life and Death of Saint Genoveva” (1801), to which other religious and historical dramas of German romanticism go back, turned out to be especially influential. Having created examples of those two genres, Tieck rethinks tragic structures, relativizing them in different ways – firstly, by transforming the tragic genre itself, and, secondly, by including tragic elements into the complex genre constructs, mainly into fairy-tale dramas. That rethinking, however, takes place mostly in the mainstream of the parody typical of Tieck’s work – whether it is a parody of the “main” tragedy with a comedy counterpart or the inclusion of parodies of the tragedy, including his own tragedies, in comedy texts. At the same time, however, Tieck’s last dramatic work, “Fortunat”, which has much in common with his fairy-tale dramas and, like them, is a complex genre construct, ends in tragedy in its purest form, the triumph of the tragic substance. In our opinion that testifies to the impossibility of complete relativization of tragedy and to the crisis of romantic drama
THE HERO OF THE NOVEL BY I. MALYSHEV “NOMAKH” AND THE YEGOR LETOV’S POETICS
Authors:   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Karpov Denis L.
Published: August 2021

Contemporary literature is being formed in a difficult situation of polyphony of the modern consumer culture. Mainstream discourses are mixed with subcultural ones, the authors are influenced not only by the literary tradition itself, but also, for example, by rock culture. Thus, the countercultural, subcultural experience, which until recently was considered as peripheral, is actively being introduced into the socio-cultural discourse of modern Russia through the assimilation by authors claiming a place in the center of the country’s literary life. The novel by I. Malyshev “Nomakh” may be considered as an example of such influence. It became a finalist of the literary prize contest “Big Book” in 2017. The novel is clearly influenced by countercultural ideology, in particular by E. Letov, one of the most popular and reputable representatives of the West Siberian counterculture. At the same time, there are no direct references or quotations from the poetry of the Omsk musician in the novel. Rather, one can see some stylistic likenesses, similar figurative complexes. The reception of a historical character from the civil war era is based on the learned principles of poetics and Letov’s worldview. In addition, adopting the intellectual experience of the counterculture, I. Malyshev’s novel not only relays a certain ideology, but also, with the help of artistic means, recreates or completes the images of its hero, historical character, and cultural heroes, which he focuses on.
On the classification of threats to the economic security of an enterprise in modern conditions
Authors: Rykov Ivan
Published: August 2021

The article considers the existing views on the definition, elements of economic security of an enterprise, as well as typification features used in solving problems of classification of factors threatening it. The author systematizes traditional approaches to the definition of the term "economic security of an enterprise" and proposes a dualistic model of its description, in which it is presented not only as a desired state of protection of an entity engaged in entrepreneurial activity from the negative impact of external and internal factors, but also as a complex of controlled and continuous adaptation processes occurring within the enterprise in order to ensure its adaptation to changing conditions. It is also concluded here that threats to economic security that cannot be neutralized in most cases can be detected in a timely manner, which is especially important given the need to minimize negative consequences for the enterprise arising as a result of their action. As the main direction of further research in the field of classification of threats to the economic security of the enterprise, the search for correspondences between each of the types of threats to economic security and the methods by which the enterprise can effectively adapt to such threats is proposed.
E-LEARNING FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES
Authors: Uryadnikova Marina , Gizatullina Diana
Published: August 2021

This article is aimed at studying the advantages and disadvantages of the e-learning system and distinguishing the concepts of e-learning and distance learning. The companies in question were representatives of the Russian domestic market and did not operate abroad. The introduction of gamification in particular and e-learning in general can be considered a useful strategy for improving organizational performance not only in large companies, but also in SMEs. Moreover, given the lower cost of online training compared to traditional training courses, online training remains an excellent alternative for SMEs, since the costs of its implementation will be fully recouped from the profit received.
Analysis of social entrepreneurship development processes in the Russian Federation
Authors: Brodskiy Vitaliy
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of social entrepreneurship development processes analysis in the Russian Federation in 2019-2020. The information base for the study is Russian state statistical data, as well as information from the Unified Register of Small and Medium-sized Businesses. The main characteristics of the development processes of Russian economy third sector in modern conditions are determined.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF MUNICIPALITIES
Authors: Trembach Kseniya
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the formation of the concept of the development strategy of municipalities and approaches to the process of developing a development strategy at the local level. The role of municipalities in the general structure of state administration is determined. The place and importance of the municipal education development strategy in the system of integrated socio-economic development of the country is revealed. The analysis of the main concepts related to the formation of the development strategy of municipalities is carried out. The connection between the interaction of the concepts of development strategy with the concepts of strategic planning and municipal education management is revealed. A comparative analysis of approaches to the formation of the concept of development strategy, strategic planning and management is carried out. The article analyzes the legislative framework in the process of forming a development strategy by the municipality. The article examines the trends in the process of forming a development strategy by municipal education and corporate governance. The necessity of developing a thorough and effective strategy for the development of a municipal formation as one of the directions for improving the competitiveness of the region and the country as a whole is justified.
Assessment of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economic security of Russian oil companies based on IFRS reporting
Authors: Bulatenko Mariya , Grishina Vera , Grishina Nadezhda
Published: August 2021

During the quarantine measures introduced due to the spread of COVID-19, there was a decrease in demand for energy resources, which, while maintaining supply from oil companies, led to a sharp decline in energy prices. As a result, oil industry enterprises are in crisis conditions and now it is important to assess the level of their economic security. In the article, the source of information on the financial results and changes in the financial position of oil companies is their public financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. The authors assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economic security of PJSC NK Rosneft, PJSC NK Lukoil, PJSC NK Bashneft, PJSC Tatneft, PJSC Gazprom Neft on the basis of a horizontal analysis of financial investments, reserves, equity capital and revenues of oil companies under IFRS for 2019 and 2020. The article provides a calculation and analysis of liquidity and financial stability indicators, as well as an assessment of the likelihood of bankruptcy of enterprises according to three models based on IFRS reporting. The most vulnerable to the consequences of quarantine measures was PJSC NK Rosneft, which is confirmed by the data of an assessment of its financial condition.
Structural relationships between corruption and the sectoral system of the country, the impact on its functioning
Authors: Mihaylov Danil
Published: August 2021

In this article, the author has formulated a conceptual model of the relationship between corruption and factors of the state system, put forward conceptual paradigms for the purposes of statistical assessment of corruption-related crimes in the context of the country's economy.
Tramas de las corporalidades e interioridades en la noción chuj de persona
Authors: Guerrero Martínez Fernando
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo es un esbozo inicial sobre la noción chuj de persona a través del análisis de las corporalidades e interioridades que conforman a un individuo. Se explora la multiplicidad de las relaciones que se tejen entre diferentes entes de la cosmología chuj y su influencia en la conceptualización del ser humano, a partir de datos recopilados en la propia lengua chuj en comunidades de Guatemala y México. Se advierte la complejidad de las entidades anímicas como dispositivos relacionales entre existentes y ámbitos del cosmos, así como la importancia de una jerarquía social y ontológica que otorga al humano y las divinidades una condición histórica que define su corporalidad de acuerdo con su papel en el mundo.
A survey-based evaluation of ambulance staff awareness of vitamin D and risk of deficiency in a UK ambulance service
Authors: Prothero Larissa Stella , Foster Theresa
Published: August 2021

Background: Healthcare professions, shift-working and indoor-working are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. The aim of this survey was to investigate ambulance staff awareness of vitamin D, and the risks associated with deficiency, to inform the need for appropriate well-being
resources.Methods: A purpose-designed, 20-question survey was developed, based on a validated vitamin D questionnaire, to explore staff vitamin D knowledge and self-health in one UK ambulance service. Disseminated during June/July 2020, survey completion was voluntary, and responses
obtained were analysed using descriptive and thematic approaches.Results: A total of 384 survey responses were received; 41% (n = 156) of respondents were male. Over half worked within emergency operational service delivery (57%; n = 219). Respondents were predominantly ‘White
British’ (92%; n = 352). According to the Fitzpatrick Scale, most described themselves as having a ‘Medium, between white to moderate brown: sometimes mild burns, gradual tan’ complexion (47%; n = 182). The majority felt they got sufficient sunlight exposure when at home
(66%; n = 253), but not at work (58%; n = 222). Almost one fifth (17%; n = 66) had received a diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency. Forty percent took vitamin D supplements: 12% (n = 45) as advised by a medical professional; 28% (n = 107) self-directed to prevent deficiency. The ability of respondents
to recognise known factors that affect vitamin D production in the skin, good vitamin D food sources and individuals at risk of vitamin D deficiency were variable. Respondents commented on their lack of vitamin D awareness, vitamin supplementation, COVID-19, work arrangements and access to
sunlight.Conclusions: Ambulance staff are at risk of vitamin D deficiency irrespective of their role: vitamin D awareness, access to sunlight and use of vitamin D supplements are variable. For affected individuals, the impact of vitamin D deficiency can be significant, requiring
absence from work. The development of appropriate vitamin D and well-being resources appears to be warranted.
The acceptability and safety of video triage for ambulance service patients and clinicians during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bell Fiona , Pilbery Richard , Connell Rob , Fletcher Dean , Leatherland Tracy , Cottrell Linda , Webster Peter
Published: August 2021

Introduction: In response to anticipated challenges with urgent and emergency healthcare delivery during the early part of the COVID-19 pandemic, Yorkshire Ambulance Service NHS Trust introduced video technology to supplement remote triage and ‘hear and treat’ consultations
as a pilot project in the EOC. We conducted a service evaluation with the aim of investigating patient and staff acceptability of video triage, and the safety of the decision-making process.Methods: This service evaluation utilised a mixture of routine and bespoke data collection.
We sent postal surveys to patients who were recipients of a video triage, and clinicians who were involved in the video triage pilot logged calls they attempted and undertook.Results: Between 27 March and 25 August 2020, clinicians documented 1073 triage calls. A successful video
triage call was achieved in 641 (59.7%) cases. Clinical staff reported that video triage improved clinical assessment and decision making compared to telephone alone, and found the technology accessible for patients. Patients who received a video triage call and responded to the survey (40/201,
19.9%) were also satisfied with the technology and with the care they received. Callers receiving video triage that ended with a disposition of ‘hear and treat’ had a lower rate of re-contacting the service within 24 hours compared to callers that received clinical hub telephone
triage alone (16/212, 7.5% vs. 2508/14349, 17.5% respectively).Conclusion: In this single NHS Ambulance Trust evaluation, the use of video triage for low-acuity calls appeared to be safe, with low rates of re-contact and high levels of patient and clinician satisfaction compared
to standard telephone triage. However, video triage is not always appropriate for or acceptable to patients and technical issues were not uncommon.
DIABETIC FOOT CARE KNOWLEDGE AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS
Authors: Gomathi A , Kamalam S. , N Jeevaanand
Published: August 2021

Background: Diabetes is traditionally known as a “silent disease,” exhibiting no symptoms until it progresses to severe target organ damage. Aims & Objective: The study was conducted to determine the knowledge of foot care ,knowledge regarding foot care practice and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes patients. Material and Methods: A Community based cross-sectional study was conducted at a primary health centre, Pondicherry, 107 subjects were selected by convenience sampling technique. Data was collected from December 2020 to March 2021, among type 2 diabetes who attended the diabetic clinic. A validated pretested questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of foot care, knowledge regarding foot care practice and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes patients. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Among 107 diabetes patients 68(75.6%) of them had poor knowledge and only 2 (2.2%) of them had good practice. There was highly significant (p<0.001) relationship between knowledge of foot care and knowledge regarding foot care practice scores. There was highly significant association (p<0.05) between the knowledge of foot care with selected demographic variables of gender, occupation, alcohol consumption, regularity of treatment and source of information. Conclusions: It is a need of the hour to conduct health education programme to create awareness among rural people for better glycaemic control and prevention of ulcer foot in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Desinformação Digital em Rede e Competência Crítica em Informação
Authors: Mello Felipe , Schneider Marco
Published: August 2021

The contemporary notion of disinformation bears some resemblance to the Augustinian concept of lying, as it carries with it the intention to deceive. Today, as in the past, several forms of deliberate deception reinforce illusions and prejudices, given that human cognition is deceptive. The novelty is the social impact resulting from the immense capacity for capturing, processing and circulating data of current sociotechnical mediations of information, which operate on the big data scale and whose reach, speed and capillarity make digital network disinformation an unprecedented and alarming phenomenon. The promotion of critical information literacy, which involves the maturation of critical sense, appears as a crucial means to mitigate the problem.
Existe diversidade de letramento digital sem reflexão crítica sobre a leitura?
Authors: Silva Saldanha Gustavo , Salomão Amanda
Published: August 2021

This study discusses the use of reading as an instrument for the appropriation of knowledge and for critical reflections from the epistemological viewpoint of Information Science. The authors investigate how the act of reading, when viewed from the perspective of the ecology of literacy diversity, can contribute to confronting and resisting the mechanisms of oppression and discrimination manifested in digital networks. The theoretical approach adopted in this paper finds inspiration in the works of Paulo Freire and Nicolas Roubakine on the acts of reading as a mode of interaction between individuals and their environments. Ultimately, this research infers that the knowledge acquired through reading, as well as the critical reflections provoked by it, may be employed to change how individuals perceive, connect and act upon their social world.
Implicaciones éticas del uso del machine learning como mediador en el desarrollo de habilidades metacognitivas en niños y adolescentes
Authors: Pérez Álvarez Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2021

This article reviews an approach to the use of Machine Learning in the development of metacognitive skills in children and adolescents. The pedagogical relevance and ethical implications in the introduction of emerging digital technologies in the educational field are analysed. We point out the relevance of a pedagogical and ethical approach to digital technologies that are used in the educational field to overcome the visions focused on the exclusive learning of the technique.
Evaluation of Different Runoff Curve Number (CN) Approaches on Water Regulation Services Assessment in Intermittent Micro Catchment Dominated by Oil Palm Plantation
Authors: Kristanto Yudha , Tarigan Suria Darma , June Tania , Wahjunie Enni Dwi
Published: August 2021

Surface runoff is a primary driving factor for water regulation services on oil palm plantations as it determines the hydrological components and other biogeochemical process. Therefore, understanding on their interaction and contribution within the watershed system is important to support decision-making system. Here, we applied Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) model to simulate water regulation services for an intermittent micro-catchment dominated by oil palm plantation in Harapan Landscapes, Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province. In this study, we used two different runoff curve number (CN) approaches in the SWAT model, namely the soil moisture curve number (CN-SM) and the plant evaporation curve number (CN-ET), to evaluate their applicability and uncertainty for assessing water regulation services. SWAT was automatically calibrated and validated against daily observed streamflow data. The results showed that the model performed well as indicated by hydrograph visual interpretation and statistical indicators. The performance was good for calibration and validation for both approaches with high R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). Also, the uncertainty was acceptable with P-factor >70% and R-factor <1. Differences in CN-SM and CN-ET's conceptual structure have caused variations in the calibrated parameters' best-fit value and their sensitivity to streamflow simulations, which implicated for other components' output water regulation services. However, CN-ET approach was less responsive to area's biophysical conditions for runoff generation than CN-SM one.  This implicated that CN-ET generated low soil water storage and an overestimated actual evapotranspiration. This modeling exercise showed selection of a runoff CN approach by considering biophysical characteristics is important for calculating and simulating water balance component in such watershed. The accuracy of the simulation will significantly influence watershed management recommendations to improve water regulation's sustainability.
Development Strategy of Islamic Boarding Schools-based Waqf (Case Study: Islamic Boarding Schools of Daarut Tauhiid, Bandung)
Authors: Saputra Danu Chandra , Arsyianti Laily Dwi , Saptono Imam Teguh
Published: August 2021

Management of Waqf by individual collectors dominates Waqf management in Indonesia. However, since Waqf laws stated that The individual and an institution could manage Waqf, the opportunity to develop Waqf is more open for Waqf institutions. One of the established Waqf institutions is the Daarut Tauhiid Waqf institution. This study aims to identify and analyze existing strategies and generate development strategies for Islamic Boarding School-based Waqf. The research method used was descriptive qualitative by using Business Model Canvas (BMC), Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT), and Analytical Network Process (ANP) approaches. The researchers conducted this study in Daarut Tauhiid Islamic Boarding School Bandung from November 2020 to March 2021. The respondents were practitioners, namely the director and staff of Daarut Tauhiid Waqf institution, regulators from the Ministry of Religion, and academics from universities in Bogor and Jakarta. Data were collected from in-depth interviews and questionnaires from respondents. The most important development strategy to be implemented in the Daarut Tauhiid Waqf institution is the development of human resources competency. Therefore, competent human resources can establish a trusted, professional, and trustworthy team managing Waqf-based Islamic boarding schools.
Propagación vegetativa del mangle (Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F. Gaertn.) bajo condiciones de vivero
Authors: Castillo Elías Benjamín , Gervacio Jiménez Herlinda , Vences Martínez José Angel
Published: August 2021

El presente estudio se realizó en la Unidad de Manejo para la Conservación de la Vida Silvestre denominada Vivero El Manglar en el municipio Acapulco, Guerrero, México. El objetivo fue evaluar la eficiencia de propagación asexual por medio de material vegetativo (estacas) como propágulos de Laguncularia racemosa. Se utilizó la técnica de enraizamiento de estacas para la propagación asexual de manglares; de las plantas madre, se recolectaron 500 estacas entre 50 y 100 cm de longitud y un diámetro de 5 a 10 cm. Se obtuvo 54 % de supervivencia en la propagación, pero con escasa formación de brotes apicales y de raíces adventicias. Se comparó el número de brotes con el de raíces adventicias mediante la prueba de correlación de Tau de Kendall de lo que resultó un valor de 0.062 y significancia de p= 0.200 mayor que p > 0.05, lo que indica correlación positiva muy débil y poco aceptable; se confirmó que la propagación vegetativa por estacas no es las más eficiente para reproducir ejemplares de L. racemosa en condiciones de vivero. Para dar soporte al análisis anterior, se realizó la prueba de Friedman, que dio un valor de significancia de 0.000 inferior a p ≤ 0.05, y se observaron diferencias significativas de interacción entre ambas variables. El presente estudio demostró que la propagación asexual de L. racemosa tuvo una eficiencia regular, por lo que será necesario dar continuidad con experimentos de reproducción asexual y sexual.
Funciones de producción para madera aserrada en la Empresa Forestal Comunitaria en México
Authors: Sanchez Moreno Edgar Arturo , Salas González José María , Pérez Elizalde Sergio , Portillo Vasquez Marcos , Romo Lozano José Luis
Published: August 2021

Se generaron tres modelos de producción para madera aserrada en 35 Empresas Forestales Comunitarias (EFC) de 10 estados de México, que se clasificaron a partir de variables relativas (insumos de producción): continuas y nominales que afectan la productividad. Para el modelo I, la mano de obra (L) y el capital (K) fueron altamente significativas (p -valor <0.001); en el modelo II, lo fueron L y volumen disponible (VD); K resultó significativa al 0.16 % (p -valor < 0.05); Coeficiente de Aserrío anual (CA), Clasificación de madera anual (CM), Capacidad instalada de la industria anualmente (CI), Número de mujeres en puestos operativos al año (PO) y Número de mujeres en puestos de toma de decisiones por año (PTD) no incidieron en la productividad (p -valor > 0.05). Para el modelo III L y VD registraron alta significancia; K fue significativa al 0.95 % (p -valor < 0.01); Figura Legal Privada (FL2) y Figura Legal Sociedad (FL3), lo fueron al 0.1 % (p -valor < 0.001) y 2.9 % (p -valor < 0.05), respectivamente. La competitividad en el uso de los recursos se determinó con el Valor del Producto Marginal (VPM). Se rechazaron las hipótesis de uso no competitivo para L en el modelo II (0.1 %); para el modelo III, Ho: PmgL-PL=0 en las EFC de Oaxaca y Quintana Roo (p-valor<0.05); y Ho: PmgK-PK=0 para las de Chiapas y Oaxaca (p-valor<0.01). El VPM para VD en los modelos II y III, con datos nacionales, se rechazó Ho: PmgVD-PVD=0 con un nivel de significancia de 0.1 %.
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION;
Authors: Bawany Muhammad Adnan , Sahito Abdul Aziz , Naz Falak , Khahro Adnan Ali , Bohio Rabail , Bohio Farrukh , Nasir Syeda Fiza
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To determine the frequency of sexual dysfunction in the patientssuffering from chronic liver disease. Period: 1 year from June 2013 to May 2014. Study Design:An observational study. Setting: Asian Institute of Medical Sciences. Methodology: 150 casesof chronic liver disease including patients of both genders at Asian Institute of medical scienceswho had suggestive history and signs /symptoms of sexual dysfunction. Results: Study found51.3% of total patients were suffering with sexual dysfunction. Out of all participating females,52.2% were affected and among the total male patients 51% males were suffering from sexualdysfunction. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) were positive in 76.7% and11.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction is a common complication in the patientssuffering from chronic liver disease.
HEART FAILURE;
Authors: Rehman Mir Naeem-ur- , Asghar Naeem , Javed Shaukat
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and wider QRS duration have long beenidentified to worsen heart failure and LV dysfunction and increase cardiovascular morbidityand mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to identify those patients of heart failure who are atgreater risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality so that such subjects may be focusedfor preventive strategies. An association exists between QRS duration and AF with greaterincidences of cardiovascular events in patients of heart failure with LV systolic dysfunction.Study Design: Cross sectional survey. Setting: Department of Cardiology, Punjab Institute ofCardiology Lahore. Period: 16-02-2015 to 15-08-2015. Material and Methods: The objectiveof study was to determine the Frequency of QRS Duration groups and Atrial Fibrillation inPatients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Sample size of 400 cases was calculated with 95%confidence level, 4% margin of error and taking expected percentage of atrial fibrillation innarrow QRS group i.e. 20.9% (least among all) in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.Sampling technique was non-probability, purposive sampling. Result: The study populationconsisted of male (72.3%) and female (27.7%). Mean LA diameter was 40.3±6.08 mm andmean LV ejection fraction 31.8±6.6 % in the study population. Ischemic heart disease wasthe most common cause of LV dysfunction (88.3%) followed by non-ischemic cardiomyopathy(8.75%) and non-Ischemic valvular heart disease (3.5%). The frequency of Narrow QRSd (<120ms) was 62%, Intermediate QRSd (120-150 ms) was 26.5% and Wide QRSd (>150 ms) was11.5%. The frequency of atrial fibrillation in study population was 15.75%. The frequency of atrialfibrillation was highest in Wide QRSd group (>150 ms) i.e. (60.9%), followed by IntermediateQRSd group (120-150 ms) i.e. (18.9%) and narrow QRSd group (<120 ms) i.e. (6.04%). Patientwith atrial fibrillation were more likely to have poor ejection fraction (P<0.0023) and wider QRSduration (P<0.0001). Frequency of atrial fibrillation was highest in Valvular Cardiomyopathy(non-ischemic valvular heart disease) patients (42.8%) as compared to coronary artery diseasegroup (15.3%) and non-ischemic cardimyopathy group (9.4%). Conclusion: In patients of heartfailure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), the frequency of atrial fibrillation increases asQRS duration widens. This group of patients must be focused for AF preventive strategies.
BIRTH ASPHYXIA;
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad , Nisa Shamas-un- , Naeem Malik Muhammad , Haq Hafiz Muhammad Anwar-ul-
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Out of 130 million births, about four million infants die in the first fourweeks of their life. Birth asphyxia is a major cause of neonatal deaths in developing countries.Birth asphyxia is estimated to account for approximately 25% of neonatal mortality worldwide.Allopurinol is a cheap and freely available medicine whereas other management options arenot widely used. Objectives: To analyze the short-term outcome between allopurinol-treatedand non-allopurinol-treated asphyxiated neonates. Study Design: A randomized controlledstudy. Setting: Pediatric unit 2, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Duration of Study: Thisstudy was conducted from March 2015 to September 2015. Materials and Methods: A totalof 62 (31 in allopurinol and 31 in non allopurinon treated group) infants having admitted within6 hours after birth with gestational age > 36 weeks. All were suffering from stage-2 hypoxicischemic encephalopathy, lethargy, hypotonia, flexion posture. All were having hyperactivetendon reflexes and poor moro reflex. All the admitted neonates were managed and followedup to to 7 days of admission to note the need of anti-convulsants, conscious level and lengthof admission in intensive care unit (< 7 days or > 7 days). Neonates who died during the staywere noted and compared between both the groups. Results: Out of 62 infants, there were 34(54.8%) males and 28 (45.2%) females. Mean gestational age was 37.90 weeks while meanweight of newborn infants was 2.75 kg. Overall Mortality was noted in 6 (9.68%) infants. Whenboth groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was found between the twogroups in terms of sex, gestational age, birth weight or mortality (p value > 0.05). Conclusion:Short-term outcome in terms of mortality between allopurinol-treated and conventional treatmentasphyxiated neonates was found to be 6.5 vs 12.9%.
DYSNATREMIAS;
Authors: Omer Riffat , Masood Muhammad Khalid , Asghar Saima , Jawad Muhammad , Afzal Amir , Iqbal Khan Humayun
Published: August 2021

Dysnatremias (hyponatremia and hypernatremia) are common electrolytedisorders encountered in pediatric critical care patients. The spectrum of both hypo- andhypernatremia varies from mild to severe, being life threatening occasionally. We carried outa study to determine the etiology, epidemiology and effect of dysnatremias on outcomes ofpediatric critical care patients. Objectives: To determine the etiology, epidemiology and effectof dysnatremias on outcomes of pediatric critical care patients. Study Design: Prospective,observational study. Setting: Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) Services Hospital Lahore.Period: October 2014 to March 2015. Results: 185 patients were included. 19 (10.3%) patientshad hyponatremia and 22 (11.9%) patients had hypernatremia. A weak but significant inverserelationship between presentation serum sodium and mortality was observed (r = - 0.39,n=185, p= <0.001, two-tailed). Conclusions: Presentation serum sodium may influence theoutcomes of the patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit.
TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY?;
Authors: Khan Mehran , Ahmed Ashfaq , Umer Fraz , Zaman Atiq uz , Ahmad Saeed , Ahmed Naeem , Javed Shahzad , Aziz Amer
Published: August 2021

The treatment of choice for osteoarthritic knee is Total knee arthroplasty (TKA)and the most important problem in it is the blood loss. Objectives: To compare the postoperativemean blood loss with Tranexamic acid versus control after Total Knee Arthroplasty.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital Lahore.Period: 01 year. Methodology: 100 patients were included and divided in 2 groups, selectedby non-probability purposive sampling, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group T(Tranexamic) received 15mg/kg IV Tranexamic acid 10 minutes before inflating tourniquet andthe same dose intravenously 3 hours post-operatively. Group C (control) received placebo(normal saline) intravenously. Blood loss collected in a container was measured with syringe/jarafter 24 hours of surgery. Results: In group C there were 23(46%) males and 27(54%) femaleswith male to female ratio 1:1.7 with mean age of 64yrs ± 6.3 yrs. In group T there were 28(56%)males and 22 (44%) females with male to female ratio 1.2:1 with mean age of 65yrs ± 7.4 yrs.After 24 hours Mean blood loss in Group C were 694 ±151 ml with 74 % patient in range of600-900ml while Mean blood loss in Group T were 388 ml ±105 ml with 76 % patient in rangeof 300-600ml. Mean decrease in blood loss with the use of tranexamic acid { mean blood lossin T group – mean blood loss in T group } were 306 ml which were statistically significant(p<0.05) using t Test. Conclusion: Tranexamic acid is a potent anti-fibrinolytic agent and its use intotal knee arthroplasty results in decrease in post-operative blood loss thereby decreasing theneed of blood transfusion.
FIRST TRIMESTER MISCARRIAGE;
Authors: Ashraf Saima , Masood Hajira , Sahar Amara , Safdar Sohail
Published: August 2021

Objectives: This study was conducted to access the efficacy of misoprostol andmanual vacuum aspiration for the management of first trimester miscarriage. Study Design:Descriptive case series. Setting: This study was conducted in obstetrics and gynecologydepartment of Nishtar hospital Multan. Duration of Study: This study was conducted fromMay, 2015 to October 2015. Material and Methods: Sample including 652 women havinggestational age less than 12 weeks with open os of cervix were taken in the study. Femaleswith previous cesarean section, multiple gestation or with history of asthma, ischemic heartdisease, hepatitis, glaucoma, or known allergy to prostaglandins were excluded. Total womenwere divided into two groups. i.e. 326 in misoprostol while 326 in manual vacuum aspirationgroup. Misoprostol group received misoprostol tablet 400μg vaginally at intervals of four hoursdepending on the degree of cervical dilatation and frequency of uterine contractions. A total of 3doses of misoprostol were given. Six hours after the first dose of misoprostol syntocinon infusionwas started. Infusion rate was 2mIU/min. Dose was increased after every 30 minutes at the rateof 1mIU/min to maximum of 8mIU/min. Manual vacuum aspiration group did not receive anyuterotonics and directly underwent manual vacuum aspiration. Patients were asked to revisit 7days after the procedure. Transvaginal ultrasound was done to access endometrial thicknessin the longitudinal view of the uterus at the maximal AP diameter. Efficacy was measuredin the form of complete abortion. Results: In the study, misoprostol group mean age was31.79±4.86 years while age range was 18-40 years. In manual vacuum aspiration group meanage was 32.38±4.86 years. Majority of patients were between 31-35 years in both groups. Meangestational age was 9.89±1.38 weeks in misoprostol group and 9.871±1.22 weeks in manualvacuum aspiration group, while mean dose in misoprostol group was 2.358±0.65. Conclusion:Regarding management of first trimester miscarriage both options including manual vacuumaspiration and 400μg intra vaginal misoprostol can be considered. Both methods are affectivetreatment options, decision that which method be opted should be based on, availability of twomethods and wishes of the patient.
SPINAL ANESTHESIA;
Authors: Maqbool Shumyala , Riaz Askari Mohsin , Khan Beharam
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To compare ephedrine versus phenylephrine for prevention of spinalanesthesia induced hypotension in patients undergoing elective caesarean section. Design: Itwas a randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted atthe Department of Anesthesia, Allied Hospital Faisalabad from July 2011 to December 2011.Material and Methods: 60 women having C-section under spinal anesthesia were includedafter written informed consent. These patients were randomly allocated into two treatmentgroups. Group-E received ephedrine 10mg intravenously and group-P received phenylephrine100μg intravenously just after institution of spinal anesthesia. Outcome variable was frequencyof spinal anesthesia induced hypotension which was noted and compared among the groups.A predesigned proforma was used to record patient’s demographic details along with otherstudy variables. Results: The mean age of the patients was 25.73±3.78 years in Group-Pand 26.07±4.32 in Group-E (p=0.37). There was significant difference in the mean heart rate(85.50±2.64 vs. 96.93±9.96 bpm; p=0.001) and mean systolic (100.77±9.77 vs. 94.00±9.28mmHg; p=0.007) and diastolic (58.53±10.09 vs. 53.03±8.78; p=0.028) blood pressure amongthe two groups (Group-P vs. Group-E) at 20 minutes after induction. The frequency of spinalanesthesia induced hypotension was significantly lower in patients receiving phenylephrine(30.0% vs. 63.3%; p=0.010) as compared to those receiving ephedrine. Similar significantdifference was observed across various age and ASA–Class groups. Conclusion: Thefrequency of hypotension was significantly lower in patients receiving phenylephrine comparedto ephedrine which advocate routine use of phenylephrine in such patients to minimize the riskof hypotension with associated morbidity.
SURGICAL GOWN FABRIC;
Authors: Kishwar Farzana , Ali Fatima
Published: August 2021

Objectives: 1. To find out the affect of surface wetting of existing surgical gownfabric before and after laundering (among three groups of hospitals). 2. To compare the resultsof surface wetting of existing surgical gowns among three groups of hospitals. Study Design:The study has Experimental design. Period: March, 2017- June, 2017. Setting: This fabricwas collected from different govt. and private hospitals under study. Materials and Methods:The surgical gown fabric was used as sample for experiments. All the experimental work wasdone at PCSIR Labs. Lahore. Result and Conclusion: According to the above graph figure 04the resistance of fabric to surface wetting (spray test) was absolutely same in Group B and C.However, in Group A, the values were slightly greater than other two groups from new gown to10th laundering intervals and became null in further laundering, similar to group A and B. Theresistance to surface wetting nullified in almost all groups after 5th laundry and no statisticaldifference was observed in resistance of fabric in all groups i.e. (p-value=0.423). These gownsdid not match any international standard or parameter either. After repeated launderings mostof the gowns were torn and became discolored. Among three groups under study group Ashowed highest ratings in ISO-Spray test where as for weft yarns group c failed the test.