bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epithelial and Endothelial Expressions of ACE2: SARS-CoV-2 Entry Routes
Authors: Guney Ceren , AKAR Fatma
Published: February 2021

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a main receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry to the host cell. ACE2 is one of the key enzymes in renin-angiotensin system and plays a vital role in the maintenance of cardiovascular function. ACE/ACE2 balance is critical in the regulation of blood pressure, electrolyte homeostasis, vascular and cardiac remodeling and inflammation. ACE2 was shown to be abundantly present in human epithelial cells of the lung and enterocytes of the small intestine as well as in endothelial cells of the arterial and venous vessels. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are colocalized on the cell surface and produced a critical step host cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. TMPRSS2-cleaved ACE2 permits SARS-CoV-2 host cell entry however, ADAM17-cleaved ACE2 produces protective effects in several organs. Differently, basigin (CD147) was suggested as a putative alternate receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into endothelial cells. The intestinal ACE2 receptor is associated with the neutral amino acid transporter B0AT1 and ACE2 is necessary for the expression of this transporter on the luminal surface of intestinal epithelial cells. There is a good association between the localization of SARS-CoV-2 binding receptor ACE2 and the disease target organs in respiratory, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems. Decreased expression of ACE2, being a receptor for coronavirus, would prevent cellular entry of the virus thereby reducing progression of the infection. However, increased ACE2 expression produces beneficial health effects. Further studies are needed to clarify this conflicting situation. Currently, it is recommended to continue the therapy with ACE2-increasing drugs in patients with COVID-19.
PD Combined with Autologous SIT and Resection of Hepatic Nodules—Nursing Care of a Case Who Had a History of Colon Cancer
Authors: Li Yan , Bian Lifang
Published: February 2021

A patient with duodenal and liver metastases was admitted to FAHZU in December, 2019, and was received pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), autologous small intestine transplantation (SIT), and resection of hepatic nodules. It is notable that he had a history of colon cancer. This article summarizes experience of nursing care, including sufficient preoperative evaluation, professional nursing and psychological support, preventive nursing of postoperative complications, observation of blood supply of transplanted small intestine, nursing of pain, nursing of anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis. The patient recovered well and was discharged smoothly and seamlessly.
Analysis of the Application Effect of Health Education in Skin Care
Authors: Qi Weijie
Published: February 2021

Objective: to analyze the effect of health education intervention in clinical nursing of patients with skin diseases. Methods: from January 2018 to March 2019, 122 patients with skin diseases were admitted to our hospital and randomly divided into two groups, with 61 cases in each group. The selected patients gave informed consent to this study. The control group was given routine dermatological care, and the observation group was given systematic health education. The treatment effect, mood score and quality of life score of the two groups were compared. Results: the treatment time, recurrence times and outpatient treatment times of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the HAMA score and HAMD score of the observation group after intervention were lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the implementation of health education for patients with skin diseases during the nursing process can effectively promote the recovery of the condition and reduce the number of treatments and recurrences. At the same time, it can improve the patients’ bad mental mood and improve the quality of life of the patients.
360-Degree Video and Social Change: A Comparative Analysis of the Documentary Films Exiled (2019) and Behind the Fence (2016)
Authors: ÖZDEM Önder M.
Published: February 2021

Advances in image recording, processing and distribution technology bring in new opportunities for documentary filmmakers to encourage action for social causes. Interactive forms of representation in documentary films such as virtual reality practices have particularly drawn strong attention due to their claimed potential for social change through encouraging people to take action. It proves difficult to anticipate particular social effects unless a documentary reaches a huge number of viewers, engage and encourage them to take action. In this context, it is argued that the production, processing, and viewing of 360-degree videos are relatively more affordable and easier compared to more immersive and engaging interactive documentary practices. Thus, 360-degree videos can reach and encourage more viewers who are expected to actively interact with documentary content. In the light of all these arguments, this article analyses two documentary films, Exiled (2019) and Behind the Fence (2016), through a comparative perspective.

Exiled (2019) and Behind the Fence (2016) are documentaries both addressing the genocide of Rohingya people in Myanmar and the mass exodus of Rohingya to Bangladesh. While Exiled is a traditional one, Behind the Fence is a 360-degree documentary. By analyzing those two documentaries, this article asserts that besides the unique advantages of 360-degree camera technology for non-fiction films, it has also several disadvantages in terms of production and viewing of documentaries. 360-degree cameras might emerge as the proper option for the representation of particular social situations, social movements, conflicts, and actions due to their capacity to record and show from limitless points of view. However, a powerful social effect should not be expected merely due to the usage of 360 video in non-fiction films.
Procedury kontrolne w Ordynacji podatkowej – stan obecny i kierunek zmian
Authors: Łoboda Marcin
Published: February 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy w przypadku proponowanych w ostatnim czasie zmian do zakresu przedmiotowego czynności sprawdzających należy utrzymać obecnie obowiązujący model kontroli przestrzegania przepisów w Ordynacji podatkowej. Zdaniem autora po zbudowaniu spójnej koncepcji zarządzania ryzykiem oraz zdefiniowaniu miejsca i roli kontroli podatkowej jako procesu można zaproponować koncepcję jednej procedury kontrolnej, stanowiącej niejako połączenie (hybrydę) obecnych instytucji prawnych. W artykule zaproponowano ogólną koncepcję jednej procedury kontrolnej, ale składającej się z dwóch odrębnych etapów, przy czym drugi z nich byłby uruchamiany w ściśle określonych sytuacjach. Wskazano również, że przy redagowaniu konkretnych przepisów ustawowych konieczne jest odpowiednie wyważenie interesu podatnika i budżetu państwa tak, aby zagwarantować skuteczne realizowanie dochodów budżetowych, ale zawsze z poszanowaniem praw zobowiązanych.
The Vowel System of Podhale Goralian
Authors: Rubach Jerzy , Łuszczek Tomasz
Published: February 2021

This paper is a report on the phonological research done in the past two years investigating Podhale Goralian. The data are drawn from our informants in Dzianisz. The paper establishes the system of surface contrasts in Goralian and identifies instances of complementary distribution. It is claimed that the renowned Podhale Archaism is no longer represented by the vowel [i]. Rather, the vowel has retracted to the central vowel [ɨ]. The original [ɨ], on the other hand, has lowered and fronted and is now best regarded as tense [e]. These transitions of vowels pose challenges for a phonological analysis. A sample of such analysis (Final Tensing) is shown in the framework of Optimality Theory.
Prosodically-conditioned Syllable Structure in English
Authors: Orzechowska Paula , Mołczanow Janina , Jankowski Michał
Published: February 2021

This paper investigates the interplay between the metrical structure and phonotactic complexity in English, a language with lexical stress and an elaborate inventory of consonant clusters. The analysis of a dictionary- and corpus-based list of polysyllabic words leads to two major observations. First, there is a tendency for onsetful syllables to attract stress, and for onsetless syllables to repel it. Second, the stressed syllable embraces a greater array of consonant clusters than unstressed syllables. Moreover, the farther form the main stress, the less likely the unstressed syllable is to contain a complex onset. This finding indicates that the ability of a position to license complex onsets is related to its distance from the prosodic head.
Specialized Knowledge Representation: from Terms to Frames
Authors: Faber Pamela , Cabezas-García Melania
Published: February 2021

Understanding specialized discourse requires the identification and activation of knowledge structures underlying the text. The expansion and enhancement of knowledge is thus an important part of the specialized translation process (Faber 2015). This paper explores how the analysis of terminological meaning can be addressed from the perspective of Frame-Based Terminology (FBT) (Faber 2012, 2015), a cognitive approach to domain-specific language, which directly links specialized knowledge representation to cognitive linguistics and cognitive semantics. In this study, context expansion was explored in a three-stage procedure: from single terms to multi-word terms, from multi-word terms to phrases, and from phrases to frames. Our results showed that this approach provides valuable insights into the identification of the knowledge structures underlying specialized texts.
Financial Debt and Mental Health of Young Adults
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Chatterjee Swarn
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the debt burdens, perceived capabilities, and mental health of young adults. Panel data constructed from the 2009 to 2013 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and its Transition to Adulthood (TA) supplement are used in this study. The multinomial logistic regression analysis findings showed that the amount of revolving debt was negatively associated with young adults’ mental health. On the other hand, perceived abilities in acting responsibly, in solving problems, and in managing money were positively associated with the mental health of young adults. The fixed effects regression analysis results indicate that the amounts of credit card and student loan debt from the previous period were negatively associated with an increase in the mental health continuum scores of young adults over time. A discussion of the implications of this study’s key findings for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners is included.
Financial Planning for Retirement: Bibliometric Analysis and Future Research Directions
Authors: Tomar Sweta , Kumar Satish , Sureka Riya
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the status of existing research on financial planning for retirement. We used bibliometric analysis and content analysis to examine a sample of 1,116 studies conducted over a span of more than five decades. Bibliographic coupling network was developed to determine the intellectual themes in the field. Our findings suggest that the structural, economic, and cultural disparities worldwide lead to distinct pressures for savings on individuals. Further studies should be conducted considering emerging economies and the aforementioned disparities to gain deeper insights. While a few studies have examined the influence of social biases, behavioral biases, personality traits, and psychological constructs on financial literacy and the impact of this interaction on financial planning for retirement. We conclude by suggesting potential future research directions.
Planeamiento estratégico en la Era de la Información
Authors: Jaime Victor
Published: February 2021

El planeamiento estratégico ha prevalecido en el mundo de las empresas desde el año 1960, aproximadamente. Se le dio importancia a partir de la necesidad empresarial de proyectar el futuro y de prever situaciones exógenas que influían en el logro de sus objetivos. Por ejemplo, se planteó una metodología a través de la propuesta de Albert Humphrey para analizar el ambiente externo e interno de la empresa. Se hacía un análisis de factores externos generales y otros más específicos vinculados a la dinámica competitiva y a las fuerzas que se ejercen con los clientes y los proveedores. El análisis interno se enfocaba en los recursos y las capacidades de cada empresa.
Modelo estadístico para optimización de espacios físicos
Authors: Bouillon Adolfo
Published: February 2021

Los pronósticos juegan un papel importante en el proceso de planificación de toda organización, porque influyen en las decisiones actuales sobre operaciones a futuro. Por ejemplo, en la universidad, el pronóstico de los alumnos que se matricularían en las asignaturas permite determinar el número de secciones requeridas, así como el personal docente que impartiría clases en dichas secciones, es decir, permite optimizar el uso de capital físico como del capital humano.En este sentido, cuando el pronóstico no es correcto se presentan dos situaciones: primero, el número de secciones estimadas sería superior al número real de secciones requeridas, debiendo cerrarse– por norma– aquellas secciones que tienen menos del mínimo establecido de alumnos, generando malestar en los docentes que ya no contarían con aquellas horas de dictado; segundo, el número de secciones podría ser menor al número real requerido, generando un déficit que deberá cubrirse con más profesores y más aulas; y en caso de no lograrlo, los alumnos terminarían perjudicándose al no poder matricularse en las asignaturas que ellos seleccionaron.Por lo anteriormente expuesto, una adecuada estimación de los alumnos matriculados en los cursos tiene un impacto importante en la eficiencia de las operaciones de la universidad, así como, y sobre todo, en los indicadores de satisfacción de los estudiantes. En este contexto, el objetivo general de esta investigación es estimar y proyectar el número de alumnos matriculados y consecuentemente, el número de secciones de un curso seleccionado de una universidad privada local. Ello con el fin de tener mayor información para asignar óptimamente el capital físico (i.e. infraestructura: aulas y laboratorios) y humanos (i.e. número de docentes), y así resaltar la importancia del uso de modelos empíricos, para estimar, y finalmente proyectar, en la toma de decisiones empresariales.Específicamente, en esta investigación, presentamos un modelo estadístico para estimar y proyectar la cantidad de alumnos matriculados para un curso de administración de las operaciones, perteneciente a la Dirección de Administración de dicha universidad. Para cumplir con estos dos propósitos metodológicamente, adoptamos un modelo de regresión lineal en logaritmos (i.e., una estructura de doble logaritmo), estimada estadísticamente con la técnica de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios. Una vez estimado, el modelo permite predecir con la confianza esperada el número de alumnos que el curso en estudio debería tener a inicio de cada ciclo académico, desde el periodo 1996 hasta 2015. Para estimar el modelo, usamos Gauss y MS Excel.Este trabajo se desarrolla en tres partes. En primer lugar, describimos brevemente el marco teórico del modelo de regresión lineal múltiple como principio organizacional. En segundo término, planteamos y desarrollamos el modelo, y finalmente, como tercer paso, usamos los resultados para inferir un pronóstico del número de alumnos que se matricularían en el curso antes referido, para los fines antes descritos.
El marketing en la economía informal peruana
Authors: Leigh James
Published: February 2021

El Perú es una de las economías más informales del mundo. Especícamente, somos el sexto país con mayor informalidad económica: el 61% de nuestro PBI es informal y el 90% de las empresas son informales (Radio Programas del Perú, 2015). Es vital que para cualquier empresa que es un actor en actividades comerciales, debiera entender lo importante que es este tema y sus aspectos y características más importantes.
Gobierno corporativo y desempeño de la empresa chilena: evidencia empírica por medio de datos de panel
Authors: Altamirano Carrasco Gonzalo , Cartes Maus Katherine , San Martín Mosqueira Pablo
Published: February 2021

Este documento investiga la relación entre la estructura de propiedad y el directorio con el valor de la empresa. La muestra consiste en un panel de 85 empresas chilenas no financieras para el periodo 2006-2013. Los resultados son consistentes con investigaciones previas para el caso chileno. La estructura de propiedad y la pertenencia a un grupo económico tienen influencia en el valor de la empresa. Los resultados del análisis econométrico evidencian una relación negativa entre estructura de propiedad y valor de empresa, sin embargo existe una relación positiva cuando la firma es parte de un grupo económico y aumenta en el tamaño del directorio, ambos resultados son estadísticamente significativos.
Does being an athlete help a woman? Examining how subtle bias in perceptions of leadership potential differentially impact male and female athletes
Authors: Burton Laura , Gilson Lucy , Goldberg Caren , Lowe Kevin
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo estudia las percepciones con relación al potencial de liderazgo de atletas hombres y mujeres, evaluando particularmente como aquellos que sostienen un sesgo sutil hacia las mujeres influencian estas percepciones. Se evaluaron doscientos treinta y un participantes (n = 231), atletas hombres o mujeres (en un deporte de género neutro o género especifico) u hombres o mujeres no atletas, con relación a su  potencial de liderazgo en un contexto simulado de empleo. Adicionalmente, se midió el nivel de sexismo entre los participantes. Se analizaron los resultados para evaluar la interacción entre participación en deportes, sexo del postulante y nivel de sexismo del participante. Por sí misma, la participación en deportes no afectó el puntaje de potencial de liderazgo de las mujeres  postulantes a un trabajo, sin embargo, los hallazgos apoyaron la presencia de un sutil sesgo hacia las atletas y no atletas mujeres, entre cierto tipo de evaluadores. Específicamente, los evaluadores que calificaron más alto en sexismo, tendieron a evaluar a las mujeres atletas tan alto en potencial de liderazgo como a las mujeres no atletas. Estos hallazgos se discuten en el contexto de la teoría de congruencia de rol.
Estrategia competitiva en el marketing estratégico
Authors: Leigh James
Published: February 2021

La estrategia competitiva es útil para entender a la competencia y a la industria. Si bien ella contempla la planificación financiera, la planificación de marketing, entre otras cosas, ¿en qué consiste el diseño de  una estrategia competitiva? Consiste en entender cómo la organización va a alcanzar sus metas; qué políticas utilizará para ello; y, por supuesto, cómo es que esta empresa va a competir en un mercado que, hoy en día, es cada vez más cambiante y difícil de predecir.
Diseño y gestión de gobiernos corporativos
Authors: Llanos-Contreras Orlando , San Martín Mosqueira Pablo , Cuevas Lizama Jonathan
Published: February 2021

Siguiendo un enfoque teórico y conceptual, este trabajo de investigación deja de manifiesto una serie de estructuras de gobierno corporativo que logran llevar eficiencia a la empresa familiar. En términos concretos, este artículo avanza en la discusión sobre cómo los mecanismos y políticas de gobierno corporativo de una empresa familiar pueden adaptarse a las características y necesidades propias de estas empresas, equilibrando prioridades empresariales y familiares, a la vez que se logran estándares de competitividad que les permitan conseguir el éxito a través de generaciones. De manera adicional, este trabajo ahonda en las consideraciones que se deben tener en cuenta a la hora de construir una estructura de gobierno corporativo efectiva para una empresa familiar.
Nuevos tiempos, nuevos desafíos: gobierno corporativo, una nueva arista en la creación de valor
Authors: San Martín Mosqueira Pablo , Llanos Contreras Orlando
Published: February 2021

La importancia del buen gobierno corporativo ha comenzado a replantear la forma de desarrollar el quehacer económico de la empresa. Hasta hace no muchos años atrás era un concepto desconocido, hoy cada empresa que piensa con seriedad en su futuro, se plantea la idea de avanzar en temas de gobierno corporativo. Por medio de este artículo se pretende reforzar la idea de que la empresa dispone de una serie de mecanismos de gobierno corporativo, tales como: a) la estructura de propiedad; b) los contratos de incentivos; c) el directorio; d) el endeudamiento; e) la transparencia en la contabilidad y f) el mercado de control corporativo, por medio de los cuales se puede, efectivamente, crear valor.
Reflexiones sobre la profesión, la deontología y la ética
Authors: Velarde Dávila Leonardo
Published: February 2021

En ésta época de intensa tecnología, globalizada competencia y desarrollo de la información, las universidades mantienen la importante responsabilidad de la formación de los futuros profesionales. Por lo tanto, además de enseñarles teorías, técnicas y desarrollar competencias en los estudiantes, es fundamental formarlos y orientarlos en el tema de la Deontología y Ética Profesional, para que los mismos puedan comportarse adecuadamente en diversos escenarios, con evidentes valores éticos e incuestionable solvencia profesional; este tema es trascendental en éstos difíciles tiempos, para así consolidar la preparación integral de los futuros profesionales, los cuales asumirán la importante gestión de empresas o el país, inclusive.
Una oreja en el piso
Authors: Ikedi Midori
Published: February 2021

Una oreja en el piso” significa que un buen marketero no solo debe estar pendiente de sus actividades diarias, sino también de lo que sucede en el entorno.
Anti-Piketty: capital for the 21st century
Authors: Escalante Andrés
Published: February 2021

Reseña del libro Anti-Piketty: capital for the 21st century, de los autores Jean-Philippe Delsol, Nicolas Lecaussin y Emmanuel Martin y publicado el año 2017.
A construção de práticas empreendedoras em empresas familiares: Um estudo no setor de cachaça artesanal
Authors: Borges Alex Fernando , Volta Carolina Lescura de Carvalho Castro , Brito Mozar José de , Lima Juvêncio Braga de
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em compreender a construção de práticas empreendedoras em empresas familiares. Para tanto, foram estudadas, com base em um estudo qualitativo de casos múltiplos, quatro organizações familiares que atuam no setor de produção de cachaça artesanal. Verificou-se que as práticas empreendedoras de criação de organizações, de construção, identificação e exploração de oportunidades, de produção e comercialização, e de inovação, quando analisadas em conjunto, contribuíram para a evolução, competitividade e sobrevivência dessas empresas. Diante disso, considera-se que a abordagem do empreendedorismo pela via das práticas empreendedoras pode constituir uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento de estudos e pesquisas, e contribuir para uma análise mais compreensiva do fenômeno empreendedor em geral, e de empresas familiares em particular.
A DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY INVESTIGATION OF THE SURFACE INTERACTION OF PROPOFOL DRUG WITH SILICON DECORATED C60 FULLERENE
Authors: PARLAK Cemal , ALVER Özgür
Published: February 2021

The fullerenes and their derivatives have been widely used for the purpose of drug delivery and sensor applications lately. Within the fullerene family, C60 appears as the most important one due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. Propofol is an important anesthetic drug with reduced cardiovascular risk. In the framework of this study, adsorption properties, the nature of interaction, some important electronic properties including chemical hardness and electrophilicity index of propofol and silicon decorated C60 system were examined. The interaction was also monitored by examining the vibrational spectroscopic changes at the hydroxyl edge of propofol molecule. It was observed that propofol is strongly adsorbed from the hydroxyl site to silicon doped fullerene cage and the complex system became more reactive following the adsorption.
ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SPATIAL RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION APPLYING DIFFERENT INTERPOLATION METHODS IN PORSUK RIVER BASIN, TURKEY
Authors: BAKIŞ Recep , BAYAZIT Yıldırım , AHMADY Dost Mohammed , ÇABUK Saye Nihan
Published: February 2021

Porsuk River Basin, located in the Central Anatolia, Turkey, has a drainage area of 10818.41 km2 and a total length of 460 km, which makes it a significant region for a variety of hydrological and hydropower studies. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the rainfall distribution over the basin so that related projects and processes, such as dam planning works, can be properly performed. To fulfil this aim, the meteorological data gauged between 1927-2015 by 15 different stations within and around the study area were used to perform interpolation functions with three widely known spatial distribution methods, namely Thiessen Polygons (TP), Spline (SP) and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), for the determination of the rainfall distribution. Moreover, the reliability of these methods was also evaluated and compared in terms of their Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Correlation Coefficient (R2) values. The results revealed that IDW method, in general, was the most appropriate option for Porsuk River Basin in comparison with SP and TP methods, as MAE, MSE, RMSE and R2 values of this method was found 33.359, 1710.385, 41.357 and 0.7118 respectively. However, TP displayed smoother results at the points where the rain gauges were closer to each other or dense.
End Point Rate Tool for QGIS (EPR4Q): Validation Using DSAS and AMBUR
Authors: Terres de Lima Lucas , Fernández-Fernández Sandra , Marcel de Almeida Espinoza Jean , da Guia Albuquerque Miguel , de Almeida Bernardes Cristina
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the validation of the End Point Rate (EPR) tool for QGIS (EPR4Q), a tool built-in QGIS Graphical Modeler to calculate the shoreline change by End Point Rate method. The EPR4Q tries to fill the gap of user-friendly and free open-source tool for shoreline analysis in Geographic Information System environment, since the most used software - Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) - although is a free extension, is suited for commercial software. Besides, the best free open-source option to calculate EPR called Analyzing Moving Boundaries Using R (AMBUR), since it is a robust and powerful tool, the complexity and heavy processes can restrict the accessibility and simple usage. The validation methodology consists of applying the EPR4Q, DSAS, and AMBUR on different examples of shorelines found in nature, extracted from the U.S. Geological Survey Open-File. The obtained results of each tool were compared with Pearson correlation coefficient. The validation results indicate that the EPR4Q tool created acquired high correlation values with DSAS and AMBUR, reaching a coefficient of 0.98 to 1.00 on linear, extensive, and non-extensive shorelines, guarantying that the EPR4Q tool is ready to be freely used by the academic, scientific, engineering, and coastal managers communities worldwide.
A Modified High-Throughput Screening Protocol to Isolate Bacteriophages from Environmental Samples
Authors: Abdelsattar Abdallah , Nofal Rana , Makky Salsabil , El-Sayed Amera , El-Shibiny Ayman
Published: February 2021

In the post antimicrobial era, increasing attention is paid towards using bacteriophage (phage in short) therapy to control antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The first step in phage therapy applications is isolating highly efficient lytic phages or phage cocktails from various sources. When a double-layer- agar with around 0.7% agar in top agar is employed, it results in a low number of phage isolation with a poor resolution, and in many cases, you miss the phage. To address this problem, a low concentration of agar in top agar is examined for better phage isolation. Here, our results proved the efficiency of isolating phage upon formulating a double-layer agar with 0.3% agar in top agar. A sewage sample was collected then phages were isolated, purified, and spotted on a top layer agar with 0.3% agar. The results showed the possibility of isolating a higher number of phages on 0.3% top agar than 0.7%. The finding advocates using 0.3% top agar for the double-layer agar, as it will provide fast, better, and easy phage screening and isolation.
A Bibliometric Study for Articles of the Jordanian Journal of Libraries and Information (1965-2017)
Authors: A. Abu Sirhan Afaf , A. Al tawalbeh Serhan , N. Mohsen Ibrahim
Published: February 2021

This study provides the bibliographical analysis of the articles produced by various authors from the year 1965 to 2017. Bibliometric approach is used to analyze data that is provided through standard statistical calculations. Findings indicated that, the highest rate of researches were produced during 1980s, with the average publication of 28.6 articles each year. Findings further indicated that the ratio of male population was high in producing articles, where most of the articles were based on single authorship. The analysis of the trend in terms of article type indicated researchers high level interest in producing biographies during 90s, which was then shifted to the production of articles related to library management after the beginning of 2000. Following the findings of this study, it is suggested to encourage researchers to explore diverse topics that lacked the interest of different authors.
History Matching of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Using a Deep Sparse Autoencoder
Authors: Zhang Kai , Zhang Jinding , Ma Xiaopeng , Yao Chuanjin , Zhang Liming , Yang Yongfei , Wang Jian , Yao Jun , Zhao Hui
Published: February 2021

Although researchers have applied many methods to history matching, such as Monte Carlo methods, ensemble-based methods, and optimization algorithms, history matching fractured reservoirs is still challenging. The key challenges are effectively representing the fracture network and coping with large amounts of reservoir-model parameters. With increasing numbers of fractures, the dimension becomes larger, resulting in heavy computational work in the inversion of fractures. This paper proposes a new characterization method for the multiscale fracture network, and a powerful dimensionality-reduction method by means of an autoencoder for model parameters. The characterization method of the fracture network is dependent on the length, orientation, and position of fractures, including large-scale and small-scale fractures. To significantly reduce the dimension of parameters, the deep sparse autoencoder (DSAE) transforms the input to the low-dimensional latent variables through encoding and decoding. Integrated with the greedy layer-wise algorithm, we set up a DSAE and then take the latent variables as optimization variables. The performance of the DSAE with fewer activating nodes is excellent because it reduces the redundant information of the input and avoids overfitting. Then, we adopt the ensemble smoother (ES) with multiple data assimilation (ES-MDA) to solve this minimization problem. We test our proposed method in three synthetic reservoir history-matching problems, compared with the no-dimensionality-reduction method and the principal-component analysis (PCA). The numerical results show that the characterization method integrated with the DSAE could simplify the fracture network, preserve the distribution of fractures during the update, and improve the quality of history matching naturally fractured reservoirs.
Dietary Natural Plant Extracts Modulate Growth Performance and Antioxidant Status of Senegalese Sole Postlarvae
Authors: Xavier Maria J. , Conceição Luís E.C. , Valente Luisa M.P. , Colen Rita , Rodrigues Andreia C.M. , Rocha Rui J.M. , Custódio Luísa , Carballo Carlos , Manchado Manuel , Engrola Sofia
Published: February 2021

Background Oxidative stress has a direct impact on fish production, affecting both growth and health status. Plant based extracts, such as those from green tea, curcumin and grape seeds, are known for their abundant content and diversity of polyphenols. These bioactive compounds have a high antioxidant capacity making such extracts good additives to include in fish diets potentially improving the oxidative status of fish, and therefore enhancing growth and stress resistance of farmed fish.A growth trial with Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 days after hatching) fed with four experimental diets, a control (CTRL) and three supplemented with natural antioxidants, namely curcumin (CC), green tea (GT) and grape seed (GS) extracts, was performed during 25 days to check if these supplements could improve growth performance and fish oxidative status. Moreover, a thermal stress was applied at the end of the growth trial, to assess the effect of these supplemented diets in stress resistance of sole postlarvae.ResultsSole growth was improved by the dietary inclusion of CC and GS compared to CTRL. Postlarvae from CC and CTRL present the lowest values of oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation). Moreover, the fish fed CC showed a decrease in stress related biomarkers (heat shock protein 70 and glutathione-S-transferase) compare to CTRL, which might be due to direct antioxidant capacity. In contrast the supplementation of GT and GS increased the content of oxidative damage in sole reared in standard conditions. However, after a thermal stress exposure both GT and GS treatment seem to prevent the increase of protein carbonylation content and the decrease in the levels of antioxidant glutathione in sole, depending on the time of exposure. ConclusionsOverall, dietary supplementation with these natural extracts modulates oxidative status and stress response after a short/long term temperature increase. The incorporation of curcumin seems to be a safe additive to include in sole diets, enhancing growth and oxidative status. The supplementation of the studied doses of green tea and grape seed extracts in fish diets needs further research as they may act as pro-oxidant depending of the culture conditions.
Different Approaches to Selection of Surgical Trainees in the European Union 
Authors: Hagelsteen Kristine , Pedersen Hanne , Bergenfelz Anders , Mathieu Chris
Published: February 2021

Background: There is an increasing global interest in selection processes for candidates to surgical training. The aim of the present study is to compare selection processes to specialist surgeon training in the European Union (EU). A secondary goal is to provide guidance for evidence-based methods by a proposed minimum standard that would align countries within the EU.Methods: Publications and grey literature describing selection strategies were sought. Correspondence with Union Européenne des Médecins Specialists (UEMS) Section of Surgery delegates was undertaken to solicit current information on national selection processes. Content analysis of thirteen semi-structured interviews with experienced Swedish surgeons on the selection process. Two field trips to Ireland, a country with a centralized selection process were conducted. Based on collated information typical cases of selection in a centralized and decentralized setting, Ireland and Sweden, are described and compared.Results: A multitude of methods for selection to surgical training programs were documented in the 27 investigated countries, ranging from locally run processes with unstructured interviews to national systems for selection of trainees with elaborate structured interviews, and non-technical and technical skills assessments. Associated with the difference between centralized and decentralized selection systems is whether surgical training is primarily governed by an employment or educational logic. Ireland had the most centralized and elaborate system, conducting a double selection process using evidence-based methods along an educational logic. On the opposite end of the scale Sweden has a decentralized, local selection process with a paucity of evidence-based methods, no national guidelines and operates along an employment logic, and Spain that rely solely on examination tests to rank candidates.Conclusion: The studied European countries all have different processes for selection of surgical trainees and the use of evidence-based methods for selection is variable despite similar educational systems. Selection in decentralized systems is currently often conducted non-transparent and subjectively. A suggested improvement towards an evidence-based framework for selection applicable in centralized and decentralized systems as well as educational and employer logics is suggested.
Diagnosed Changes of Bone Mineral Density and Level of Calciotropic Hormones in Juvenile Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Muratova Shakhlo
Published: February 2021

In childhood and adolescence, a genetically determined bone mass accumulates, which ensures the strength of the skeleton throughout life. But with thyrotoxicosis, a separation of the processes of bone resorption and synthesis and the formation of sites of osteoporosis and osteosclerosis occur, leading to the loss of 10% of bone mass in 1 cycle of remodeling. Because of the lack of information about this phenomenon, our work aimed to study the state of bone mineral density and levels of calciotropic hormones in children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The study was conducted by 19 children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis. The control group consisted of 23 healthy children and adolescents. All studies were conducted in the RSSPMCE. Thyroid status, PTH and vitamin D were determined using a closed-type immunochemistry analyser Cobas e 411 Hitachi company HoffmanLeRoche (Switzerland) and its reagents. Bone mineral density was evaluated by dual-energy absorptiometry on a Stratos X-ray densitometer from DMS, France. The results of the study showed that the average value of the level of vitamin D in the group with thyrotoxicosis was 12.3 ± 1.1 ng/ml, against 20.4 ± 6.2 ng/ml of the control group, while its deficiency was diagnosed in 84.2%, and its insufficiency - in 15.8% of pediatric patients. In the group with thyrotoxicosis, the average level of PTH was lower and amounted to 45.1 ± 23.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05) compared with the control (49.2 ± 21.3 ng/ml); hypoparathyroidism was found in 4.9 times more often than among healthy children, and 21.1% showed an increase in the level of PTH. In children and adolescents with thyrotoxicosis Z- index of the femoral neck, lumbar vertebrae and the general body were significantly lower than in the control group. 36.8% of children with thyrotoxicosis have osteoporosis. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis in children and adolescents causes a decrease in BMD and majorly increases the development of osteoporosis.
In Silico and In Vitro Synergistic Anticancer Effects of The Metformin-Lapatinib Combination By The Regulation of Apoptotic Biomarkers Expression In SKBR3 Cells
Authors: Neamati Davood , Khedri Azam , Aberomand Mohammad , Hemmati Ali-Asghar , Mohammadzadeh Ghorban
Published: February 2021

We examined the effect of Metformin (MET) on Lapatinib (LAP)-induced apoptosis in SK-BR3 cells. The cell viability and cell death were measured by MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PIstaining, respectively. The mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl2, and P21 was determined by real-time PCR. The activity of caspase 3 and 9 was measured using an ELISA kit. The MET-LAP combination index (CI) was calculated using CompuSyn software. The molecular docking studies of LAP with Akt, AMPK, and HER2 were performed using Auto Dock 4.2.5.1. The strongest synergistic apoptotic death [combination index (CI) = 0.51] was obvious in MET 100 mM plus LAP 100 nM. The MET-LAP combination causes a more powerful apoptotic death (46%) compared to LAP 100 nM individually. The combination could significantly increase the expression of Bax and P21, as well as the activity of caspase 3 and 9, but decreased the expression of Bcl2. Moreover, the combination could significantly increase the level of AMPK in LAP 100 nM plus MET 30 mM and decreased the level of Akt in LAP 100 nM plus MET 40 mM. Molecular docking studies showed that LAP interacts with the active site amino acids of Akt, AMPK, and HER2 by hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions. MET-LAP combination induces more extensive apoptotic death than either drug alone in SKBR3 cells. MET-LAP combination may be considered as a valuable therapeutic intervention in breast cancer patients. However, further in-vivo studies are needed to assess the MET-LAP combination's practical value for induction of apoptosis and an anti-cancer drug.
Predictive Factors for Patients who Need Treatment for Chronic Post-Surgical Pain (CPSP) after Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Uemoto Yasuaki , Uchida Megumi , Kondo Naoto , Wanifuchi-Endo Yumi , Fujita Takashi , Asano Tomoko , Hisada Tomoka , Nishikawa Sayaka , Katagiri Yusuke , Terada Mitsuo , Kato Akiko , Okuda Katsuhiro , Sugiura Hiroshi , Osaga Satoshi , Akechi Tatsuo , Toyama Tatsuya
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Although chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after breast cancer surgery is a common and prevalent postsurgical adverse event, the need for CPSP treatment has not been investigated. This study examined the proportion of patients who needed treatment for CPSP and associated predictors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with female patients who underwent breast cancer surgery at our institution. Participants were aged ≤65 years at the time of this study and were at least 1 year post surgery. The questionnaire examined the presence of and need for treatment for CPSP and included the Japanese version of the Concerns about Recurrence Scale (CARS-J). Multivariate analyses were used to identify independent predictors of needing treatment for CPSP.Results: In total, 305 patients completed the questionnaire. The mean time since surgery was 67.1 months; 151 (51%) patients developed CPSP after breast cancer surgery and 61 (39%) needed treatment for CPSP. Among patients that developed CPSP, the fear of breast cancer recurrence as assessed by the CARS-J (odds ratio [OR] 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30–3.81, P=0.004) and >2 postsurgical pain regions (OR 2.52, 95% CI: 1.16–5.57, P=0.020) were independent predictors of needing treatment for CPSP.Conclusions: This study is the first to identify the proportion and predictors of patients who need treatment for CPSP. Fear of breast cancer recurrence and >2 postsurgical pain regions may predict the need for CPSP treatment among patients following breast cancer surgery.
Environmentally Benign Hybrid Nanocomposite Beads for Azo Dyes Remediation via Synchronized Dual Degradation Mechanisms
Authors: Elfadl Faten Abou , El-Sherif Hazem , Deghiedy Noha
Published: February 2021

Practically, 12% of used dyes are excluded as waste in the mobile aqueous environment. Methyl orange (MO), an industrial azo dye, is known to be carcinogenic. Accordingly, this work was engaged to fabrication of a high-efficiency visible light photocatalysts based on Ag-Alginate/Chitosan-coated MgO nanocomposite beads. MgO and Ag were prepared via precipitation and γ-radiation reduction technique as a green physical one, respectively. The degradation mechanisms depended on catalytic reduction by means of sodium borohydride/Ag and photo oxidative degradation. XRD proved the periclase crystalline form of MgO of size 20 nm and the formation of face centered cubic silver crystals of size 15 nm. The degradation yield varied directly with time, MgO and dye concentration until certain limit. Five and twenty minutes were enough to get clear solution of MO (30 and 15 ppm, respectively) while 60 min was required to achieve the same target for 60 ppm MO solution. The catalysts showed high efficiency for MO of high concentration. The incorporation of Ag into catalytic beads could support both mechanisms as it could elevate the degradation efficiency up to 50% and save the time to a great extent. Thus, this carrier fruitfully converted wastewater into an effluent that can be repaid to the water cycle with minimal strike on the ecosystem.
Effects of Two Isolated Compounds from Red Sorghum Bran on p53 and bcl 2 Gene Expression in Human Breast cancer Cell Line (MCF-7)
Authors: devi P.Suganya , kumar M.Saravana , das S.Mohan
Published: February 2021

Aims: The aim of our research was to isolate anthocyanin from red sorghum bran and to study its effects on p53 and bcl 2 gene expressions in Human Breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Main methods: Two compounds were isolated from red sorghum bran by using Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The antiproliferative activity of isolated compounds were analysed by MTT assay and the expression studies were performed by RT-PCR analysis.Key findings: Our research focusing on apigenin-5-β-D-glucopyranoside and luteolin-5-β-D-glucopyranoside another compound as a potention anticancer agent have demonstrated that the compounds isolated from red sorghum bran inhibited breast cancer cell lines by up regulation of P53 gene expression and down regulation of Bcl 2 gene expression. Significance: In conclusion, the two compounds isolated from red sorghum bran, were effective in up regulation of P53 and down regulation of Bcl 2 gene expression.
Improvement of photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange by modified MWCNTs, prediction of degradation rate using statistical models
Authors: Abbasi Sedigheh
Published: February 2021

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been successfully modified with TiO2 nanoparticles via a two-step hydrolysis technique. Firstly, the pristine MWCNTs are functionalized in nitric acid (HNO3) to creation of oxygen containing groups. Secondly, TiO2 nanoparticles are synthesized on the surface of functionalized MWCNTs through hydrolysis method. The synthesized samples have been used as photocatalyst for decomposition of methyl orange (MO) as dye organic pollutant. The characterization of samples using x-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) confirm the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles with mixture of anatase and rutile phases. Regarding the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 nanoparticles and modified MWCNTs with TiO2 nanoparticles, it observed that the degradation rate of MO increases by increasing the irradiation time from 5 min to 35 min. The variation of degradation rate upon pH of suspension reveals that the maximum and minimum degradation rate are in acidic (pH=3) and neutral condition (pH=7). Meanwhile, the results show that the presence of MWCNTs leads to the enhancement of degradation rate. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results confirm that both of main factors (irradiation time and pH) and their interaction have a significant influence on the degradation rate of MO. However, the effect of irradiation time is more than that of pH and their interaction. The graphical methods verify the quality and adequacy of the statistical models for prediction of the degradation rate.
Patterned PCF Containing Disordered Suspended Particles in Hollow Core–An Innovative Platform for Optofluidic Sensing
Authors: Dixit Yogesh , Dixit Achyutesh
Published: February 2021

The unique and striking characteristics of the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with patterned dielectric rods have been reported for last decades, providing applications in the field of prototype sensors and more recently in optofluidic sensing. The proposed PCF sensor contains an empty core injected with disordered suspended particles (such as Cs2, CCl4, C6H6) surrounded by n-type solid semiconductor material (P2O5-doped silicate) and suspended plasma dielectric rods. The effect of intensity of field and concentration of doped semiconductor material on band structure has been analyzed, respectively, by using the plane wave expansion method. The sensitivity of PCF towards various analytes has been measured by the change in the band structure. The results reported in this work are very useful for constructing an optoelectronic device, useful in medical science and ultrahigh-band width signal processing.