bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Success Rate and Safety of Dental Implantology in Patients Treated With Antiresorptive Medication: A Systematic Review
Authors: Papadakis Ioannis , Spanou Alexandra , Kalyvas Demos
Published: July 2020

There is no agreement of data on the subject of implant failure and the development of osteonecrosis in patients receiving antiresorptive agents. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate whether dental implants placed in patients on antiresorptive medication have an increased failure rate and whether the implant placement or the implant existence are risk factors for developing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). An electronic search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, and all publications fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included. The search was completed by a hand research of the references cited in all electronic identified publications, resulting in 411 articles. Based on the inclusion criteria, 32 studies were included, with a total of 5221 patients, 12 751 implants, 618 cases of implants loss, and 136 cases of MRONJ analyzed. Because of the small number of studies, most of which were characterized by a low level of quality, it cannot be established that the use of antiresorptive medication affects dental implant survival rates. The risk of MRONJ as an early or late complication is also not well established. Therefore, successful dental implant procedures in patients receiving antiresorptive medication might be possible, but more studies need to be carried out in the future to verify this topic. Apart from intravenous antiresorptive drugs, which remain an absolute contraindication, the use of antiresorptive medication is not a contraindication to dental implantology, but it must be accompanied by careful treatment planning, informing patients about possible complications, and essential long follow-up periods.
Effectiveness of Brushing Associated With Oral Irrigation in Maintenance of Peri-Implant Tissues and Overdentures: Clinical Parameters and Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Salles Marcela Moreira , de Cássia Oliveira Viviane , Macedo Ana Paula , Silva-Lovato Cláudia Helena , de Freitas de Oliveira Paranhos Helena
Published: July 2020

Hygiene of implant-supported prostheses and the health of peri-implant tissues are considered to be predictive factors of successful prosthetic rehabilitation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of brushing associated with oral irrigation measured as biofilm-removing capacity, maintenance of healthy oral tissues, and patient satisfaction. A randomized, crossover clinical trial was conducted with 38 patients who wore conventional maxillary complete dentures and mandibular overdentures retained by the O-ring system. The patients were instructed to use the following hygiene methods for 14 days: mechanical brushing (MB; brush and dentifrice, control) and MB with oral irrigation (Waterpik [WP], experimental). Biofilm-removing capacity and maintenance of healthy oral tissues were evaluated by the modified plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing index (BP) recorded at baseline and after each method. In parallel, patients answered a specific questionnaire using a visual analog scale after each hygiene method. Data were analyzed by Friedman and Wilcoxon tests (α = .05). The results showed significantly lower PI, GI, PD, and BP after application of the hygiene methods (P < .001) than those observed at baseline. However, no significant difference was found between MB and WP. The responses to the satisfaction questionnaire for both methods showed high mean values for all questions, with no statistically significant difference found between the answers given after the use of MB and WP (P > .05). The findings suggest that WP was effective in reducing PI, GI, PD, and BP indices and provided a high level of patient satisfaction.
Effects of Occlusal Scheme on All-on-Four Abutments, Screws, and Prostheses: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Study
Authors: Türker Nurullah , Alkiş Hümeyra Tercanlı , Sadowsky Steven J. , Şebnem Büyükkaplan Ulviye
Published: July 2020

An ideal occlusal scheme plays an important role in a good prognosis of All-on-Four applications, as it does for other implant therapies, because of the potential impact of occlusal loads on implant prosthetic components. The aim of the present 3D finite element analysis (FEA) study was to investigate the stresses on abutments, screws, and prostheses that are generated by occlusal loads via different occlusal schemes in the All-on-Four concept. 3D models of the maxilla, mandible, implants, implant substructures, and prostheses were designed according to the All-on-Four concept. Forces were applied from the occlusal contact points formed in maximum intercuspation and eccentric movements in canine guidance occlusion (CGO), group function occlusion (GFO), and lingualized occlusion (LO). The von Mises stress values for abutment and screws and deformation values for prostheses were obtained, and results were evaluated comparatively. It was observed that the stresses on screws and abutments were more evenly distributed in GFO. Maximum deformation values for prosthesis were observed in the CFO model for lateral movement both in the maxilla and mandible. Within the limits of the present study, GFO may be suggested to reduce stresses on screws, abutments, and prostheses in the All-on-Four concept.
The Effectiveness of L-PRF in the Treatment of Schneiderian Membrane Large Perforations: Long-Term Follow-Up of a Case Series
Authors: de Almeida Malzoni Carolina Mendonça , Nícoli Lélis Gustavo , da Col dos Santos Pinto Gustavo , Pigossi Suzane Cristina , Zotesso Vinicius Aparecido , Verzola Mario Henrique Arruda , Marcantonio Cláudio , Gonçalves Victor , Zandim-Barcelos Daniela Leal , Marcantonio Elcio
Published: July 2020

The perforation of the Schneiderian membrane (SM) is a common surgical complication during the sinus floor augmentation (SFA) procedure. Different approaches have been proposed to completely closer the SM perforation and to avoid graft contamination or migration and postoperative sinus infection. In this context, the leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) membranes have been proposed for SM perforation treatment because of their natural adhesive property and resistance. Thus, this case series aims to evaluate the effectiveness of L-PRF in the treatment of SM large perforations during SFA. A total of 9 SM perforations were treated in this case series. The L-PRF membranes were interposed on the perforated SM until the rupture could not be visualized. The maxillary sinus cavities were filled with deproteinized bovine mineral bone (Bio-oss, Geistlich, Switzerland), and a collagen membrane was positioned to cover the lateral access window. After 8 months, 13 implants were placed, achieving satisfactory primary stability. The osseointegration of all implants and absence of infection signs/mucus in the maxillary sinus were observed in cone beam computed tomography or panoramic radiography qualitative analysis after 3–5 years of follow-up. It can be concluded that the use of L-PRF can be considered a viable alternative for the repair of large SM perforations.
Trends in the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in the Sverdlovsk region
Authors: Anufrieva Elena V. , Neupokoeva Lidia Yu. , Kovtun Olga P.
Published: July 2020

Background. Prevalence of excess body weight and obesity among children and adolescents has been gradually and significantly increasing over the last decades. The obesity detection rate is markedly affected by both low awareness of primary care physicians and the attitude of parents who pay no attention to the child’s excess weight for a long time considering it the manifestation of excellent health and normal development.

Objective. The study aimed at comparative evaluation of the prevalence of obesity among children in the Sverdlovsk region.

Methods. A comparative analysis of the prevalence of obesity was carried out, based on official statistical information and results of prophylactic medical examinations over the 2005–2019 period. The gender- and age-related particulars of pathologic obesity among children have been analyzed across the following age groups: 0–4, 5–9, 10–14 and 15–17 years.

Results. Based on the incidence of office visits, a two-fold increase of morbid obesity was found in children 0–14 years of age (from 8.3‰ in 2005 to 16.3‰ in 2019 ), and a three-fold increase in adolescents 15–17 years of age (from 11.8‰ to 35.5‰, respectively; р < 0.001). The obesity rate registered during prophylactic medical examinations is two-fold higher than that during the office visits. Over 50% of obesity cases fall on the 10–14 age group, whereas the maximum rates of increase were found in children 5–9 years of age. In the age group of 15–17 years obesity is registered more often in boys than in girls.

Conclusion. Significant differences in obesity prevalence rates, according to the office visits and prophylactic medical examinations’ data, attest to delayed diagnosis of excess body weight and insufficient effectiveness of pediatricians dealing with obese children at the stage of pediatric primary care. Cons idering the age-related particulars of obesity prevalence, health professionals working in educational institutions should play a leading role in the diagnosis of excess body weight and provision the follow-up care for children who are at risk for obesity.
Prognostic role of brain natriuretic peptide in children of the first year of life with congenital heart defects: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Vakhlova Irina V. , Saperova Ekaterina V.
Published: July 2020

Background. Congenital heart defects (CHD) are the most common type of developmental anomalies in children. At present the early diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF) and CHF-associated pathologic conditions is becoming increasingly important for optimization of protocols for following up pediatric patients in the primary health care settings.

Objective. The study aimed at determining the prognostic role of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as a diagnostic marker of CHF progression and development of CHF-associated pathological conditions in babies with CHD during the first year of life.

Methods. A prospective cohort study was carried out in a total of 114 children of the first year of life. The main study group was comprised of 61 children with confirmed diagnosis of CHD, and the control group of 53 health status group I–IIA children without CHD.

Results. Diagnostic role of BNP elevation > 30 pg/mL was determined. At this BNP level the risk for developing stage 2A CHF increased 7-fold (OR 7.5 [1.8–31.5]), for developing functional class (FC) 2 CHF — nearly 5-fold (OR 4.6 [1.3–16.0]), and for FC 3 CHF such risk increased 9-fold (OR 9.2 [2.3–36.1]). Our results demonstrated that the BNP level measurements can be used in clinical practice to determine the likelihood of persistence of symptoms of perinatal CNS injuries during the first year of life (OR 7.6 [1.7–34.5]) and protein and energy deficit (PED) (OR 9.5 [2.5–35.5]) in children with CHD.
Evaluation of physical development and state of health in ART-conceived children with retinopathy of prematurity: a population, one-time study
Authors: Plaksina Anna N. , Kovtun Olga P. , Stepanova Elena A. , Dugina Elena A. , Makutina Valeriya A. , Sinotova Svetlana L. , Limanovskaya Oksana V.
Published: July 2020

Background. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) poses an increased risk for preterm birth. Women with high body mass index, who opted for ART, have the elevated levels of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) which is involved in the development of pathologic vasoproliferation in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Children with ROP are at increased risk for co-morbid pathology.

Objective. The study aims at evaluating physical development and state of health in ART-conceived children with ROP.

Methods. This is a population, one-time study to evaluate physical development and state of health in children with ROP. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS v. 14.0 software package, and included determination of normality (Shapiro-Wilk test), descriptive statistics (М — mean value, σ — standard deviation of the mean), and non-parametric methods (Mann-Whitney U-test, Z-test of a proportion).

Results. The anthropometric characteristics of infants with ROP did not differ from those in spontaneously conceived babies. Children with ROP born to mothers with high BMI had lower anthropometric parameters (p < 0.001) and required longer dynamic follow-up while being diagnosed as “risk group for ROP”. A significantly higher number (a total of 65) of nosologies has been revealed in the ART-conceived infants. Statistically significant predominant diagnoses (p = 0.0047) included dwarfism and obesity despite the absence of anthropometric differences at birth (p = 0.123).

Conclusion. The ART-conceived infants with ROP at birth do not differ in their physical development from infants in the general population, however, on prospective follow-up the former developed dwarfism and obesity significantly more often. Children born to mothers with high BMI have significantly lower parameters of weight and height, and require longer follow-up period while being diagnosed with ROP. The ART-conceived infants with ROP have co-morbid pathology significantly more often than children with ROP in the control group.
Pneumonia with negative chest radiography in early childhood: is it a real phenomenon or diagnostic error?
Authors: Tsarkova Sofya A. , Abdullaev Alexander N. , Surovceva Darya A. , Pomazkina Anna V.
Published: July 2020

Background. The existence of community-acquired pneumonia with negative chest radiography (CAPNR) as a clinical phenomenon remains disputable until now. This phenomenon is deemed to occur in subjects with dehydration, neutropenia, diminished immune response. In case of CAPNR the possibility of diagnostic error and ensuing irrational use of antimicrobial drugs is fairly high.

Objective. The study aimed at establishing the validity of diagnosis of pneumonia with negative chest radiography in children, using a comparative evaluation of clinical and laboratory criteria amid positive and negative results of radiological diagnosis of pneumonia.

Methods. A one-time study was conducted which included analysis of medical documents selected by continuous sampling method, and comparison of children with CAPNR versus children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia. The comparison was based on analysis of medical histories, clinical pictures and results of paraclinical investigations.

Results. A total of 35 medical histories have been analyzed (mean age of patients – 1.7 ± 0.2 years), of which 17 children were assigned to group 1 (CAPNR group) and 18 children to group 2 (pneumonia with positive radiography). Most clinical and laboratory signs in early childhood were similar for children with CAPNR and children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Veritable differences in terms of respiratory symptoms have been found for children with CAPNR, namely, expiratory dyspnea in 35.29% of children with CAPNR versus none in the comparator group (p < 0.05), respiratory rate (RR) — 33 ± 7.2/min versus 28 ± 7.3/ min in the comparator group (p < 0.05), and auscultatory findings showing predominantly diminished breath sounds on the right-hand side. Complete blood count showed differences in granulocyte counts — 70 ± 12.6% in the CAPNR group versus 62.9 ± 16.8% in the comparator group (p < 0.05). A combination of the majority of classical symptoms of community-acquired pneumonia has been rarely observed in either group (5.9% and 11.1%, respectively).

Conclusion. Particular features of the CAPNR did not allow us to speak out with confidence in favor or against the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patient groups. The conduct of prospective studies looking into the etiology of pneumonia, using radiologic and ultrasound diagnosis and analyzing clinical and laboratory particulars of CAP would be a worthwhile undertaking. Without radiographic identification of infiltrative changes the diagnosis of CAP remains problematic.
Case report: a child with cystic fibrosis and phenylketonuria
Authors: Vakhlova Irina V. , Kazachina Anastasia D. , Beglyanina Olga A.
Published: July 2020

Background. In the international clinical practice there have been occasional reports of phenylketonuria (PKU) and cystic fibrosis (CF) found simultaneously in the same patient. Both PKU and CF are the inherited disorders characterized by autosomal recessive type of inheritance. Currently the combination of two or more inherited disorders in one patient is considered to be a clinical rarity.

Case description. This is a clinical case of two genetic disorders, CF and PKU, combined in a 5-year old patient who had been followed up since birth. Owing to implementation of neonatal screening for inherited and congenital diseases into clinical practice, during the first month of life the infant was diagnosed with CF (diagnostically significant elevation of immunoreactive trypsin [IRT] at the initial [163.2 ng/mL] and repeat testing on day 21 of life [138.7 ng/mL]) and PKU (phenylalanine [PA] level 15.9 mg/dL). Both disorders have been confirmed by genetic tests, i.e., homozygous DelF508 mutation was found in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, and P281L mutation in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene was also present in homozygous state. Child’s parents strictly adhered to dietary and treatment recommendations. By the age of 5 years the child developed symptoms of neurological disorder and disorder of the respiratory system, cognitive impairment and delay in speech development, subclinical epileptiform activity with high risk of epilepsy, and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract.

Conclusion. This case report demonstrates the important role of neonatal screening in early diagnosis and timely start of therapy, and underscores the importance of continuous medication in such genetic disorders as CF and PKU. On the whole, such approach brings about a relative preservation of functioning of the most affected organs and systems. By the age of 5 years the child does not form bronchiectases, shows no signs of chronic hypoxia, nutritional deficiency or pronounced neurologic deficit, and is at low risk for the development of autism spectrum disorder. At the same time, the larger scale and longer-term observations are required in order to make the unequivocal conclusions about the prognosis of these diseases under conditions of modern-day medical follow-up.
Exploring the Needs of Lifelong Education Programs for Each Type of Disabilities through FGI with People with Disabilities & Officials
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Kim Hoyeon
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the requirements for lifelong education programs for adults with visual impairments, hearing impairments, physical impairments, and severe/multiple disabilities, and to address suggestions for development plans based on the results. In a rapidly changing society, lifelong education is essential for all of us, but there has been no active discussion about lifelong education for people with physical disabilities, including sensory impairments. For this study, FGI was implemented with 4 different groups of disabilities. The results of the current study are as follows. First, people with visual impairments were interested in improving the function to the level of independent living, and in this sense, there were many demands for skills and information necessary for practical independence through future programs. Second, people with hearing impairments required a lot of materials containing video and subtitles, the smoothness of the arrangement of the interpreter. In the case of people with physical disabilities, various programs and program-related materials were emphasized due to the degree of disability and the variety of types of disabilities. Furthermore, it was found that there is an urgent need for programs of daily living functions that are necessary for people with severe/multiple disabilities. Finally, suggestions regarding developmental plans were addressed made based on conclusions.
Glulam columns made of European beech timber: compressive strength and stiffness parallel to the grain, buckling resistance and adaptation of the effective-length method according to Eurocode 5
Authors: Ehrhart Thomas , Steiger René , Palma Pedro , Gehri Ernst , Frangi Andrea
Published: July 2020

This article presents experimental and numerical investigations on the buckling behaviour of glulam columns made of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) timber and a design proposal. First, the compressive strength parallel to the grain ($$\textit{f}_{\mathrm{c,0}}$$

f

c
,
0

) and the modulus of elasticity parallel to the grain ($$\textit{E}_{\mathrm{c,0}}$$

E

c
,
0

) were experimentally determined in tests on stocky columns (slenderness ratio $$\lambda = 12.5$$

λ
=
12.5

) of strength classes GL 40h, GL 48h, and GL 55h. Subsequent experimental buckling tests on slender columns with buckling lengths of 2.40 m ($$\lambda = 41.5$$

λ
=
41.5

) and 3.60 m ($$\lambda = 62.3$$

λ
=
62.3

) allowed investigating the buckling behaviour and quantifying the influence of the buckling length on the buckling resistance. Applicability of the effective-length method, which is the design method for columns in Eurocode 5 (EN 1995-1-1: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, 2010), was evaluated and a proposal for input parameters valid for columns made of European beech glulam is made. Numerical simulations revealed buckling resistances very close to the experimental results, confirming the proposed critical relative slenderness ratio $$\lambda _{\mathrm{rel,0}} = 0.25$$

λ

rel
,
0

=
0.25

and the fitted straightness factor $$\beta _{\mathrm{c}} = 0.25$$

β
c

=
0.25

. In addition, the numerical simulations allowed for an extension of the scope of the investigations.
Novel Models Predict Postsurgical Recurrence and Overall Survival for Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ≤10 cm and Without Portal Venous Tumor Thrombus
Authors: Wang Xiao-Hui , Liao Bing , Hu Wen-Jie , Tu Cai-Xue , Xiang Cai-Ling , Hao Sheng-Hua , Mao Xian-Hai , Qiu Xiao-Ming , Yang Xiao-Jun , Yue Xiao , Kuang Ming , Peng Bao-Gang , Li Shao-Qiang
Published: July 2020

Background

The predictive model of postsurgical recurrence for solitary early hepatocellular carcinoma (SE-HCC) is not well established. The aim of this study was to develop a novel model for prediction of postsurgical recurrence and survival for patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related SE-HCC ≤10 cm.

Patients and Methods

Data from 1,081 patients with HBV-related SE-HCC ≤10 cm who underwent curative liver resection from 2003 to 2016 in our center were collected retrospectively and randomly divided into the derivation cohort (n = 811) and the internal validation cohort (n = 270). Eight hundred twenty-three patients selected from another four tertiary hospitals served as the external validation cohort. Postsurgical recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) predictive nomograms were generated. The discriminatory accuracies of the nomograms were compared with six conventional hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) staging systems.

Results

Tumor size, differentiation, microscopic vascular invasion, preoperative α-fetoprotein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, albumin-to-bilirubin ratio, and blood transfusion were identified as the risk factors associated with RFS and OS. RFS and OS predictive nomograms based on these seven variables were generated. The C-index was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–0.87) for the RFS-nomogram and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83–0.91) for the OS-nomogram. Calibration curves showed good agreement between actual observation and nomogram prediction. Both C-indices of the two nomograms were substantially higher than those of the six conventional HCC staging systems (0.54–0.74 for RFS; 0.58–0.76 for OS) and those of HCC nomograms reported in literature.

Conclusion

The novel nomograms were shown to be accurate at predicting postoperative recurrence and OS for patients with HBV-related SE-HCC ≤10 cm after curative liver resection.
Evaluation of traditional deformation limits for segmental tunnels in soft soils
Authors: Carpio Franco , Peña Fernando , Galván Arturo
Published: July 2020

The aim of the research reported in this paper was to evaluate the recommendations commonly used for limiting the deformations of segmental reinforced concrete tunnels built in soft soil. These traditional deformation limits are empirical and do not consider the slenderness ratio or soil-pressure distribution around tunnels. Furthermore, while they are generally assumed to relate to the serviceability limit state, this is not clear. Parametric analyses were therefore performed by means of finite-element models in which the non-linear behaviour of joints and materials was taken in account. The serviceability deformation was defined to prevent typical problems that could jeopardise the serviceability states of segmental linings. These serviceability deformations were then compared with traditional deformation limits. The results showed that the serviceability deformation depends on the slenderness ratio and the soil-pressure distribution. It was concluded that empirical recommendations are only suitable for certain slenderness ratios and soil-pressure distributions.
Experimental evaluation of dowel-type timber joints with wooden dowels
Authors: Teodorescu Ioana , Pereira Bárbara , Aquino Caroline D. , Branco Jorge M.
Published: July 2020

Dowel-type timber joints made of wood are of particular interest for interventions on built heritage because such heritage buildings often involve timber structures. Wooden dowels offer a lower cost when compared with other connectors and conform to the tendency for using wood-based solutions to retrofit timber structures. However, there is a significant lack of information regarding the modelling of these wooden connectors’ responses, in terms of analytical expressions as numerical models. Therefore, this paper presents the results of an extensive experimental campaign of timber-to-timber joints using wooden dowels. Two wood species were considered: chestnut as a hardwood and spruce as a softwood. The wooden dowels were always made of massaranduba, a Brazilian hardwood. The aim of the experimental campaign was to obtain and analyse the response of this type of connection, and then to compare it with the load-carrying capacity accessed through the available analytical expressions to verify its accuracy. The test results highlighted the advantages of using wooden dowels in timber joints. Moreover, it became clear that further analysis and research studies are needed to suggest new expressions that are in accordance with the behaviour of the connection.
Diretrizes para Concepção de Cursos em EAD
Authors: Silva Andreza Regina Lopes da , Diana Juliana Bordinhão , Spanhol Fernando José
Published: July 2020

O objetivo neste artigo é apresentar diretrizes para concepção de cursos a serem ofertados em educação a distância de modo que contribuam com o desenvolvimento de competências do aprendiz. Como procedimento metodológico trabalhou-se com abordagem exploratória-descritiva e análise qualitativa dos dados que foram coletados a partir do método indutivo a partir de uma orientação teórico-prática advinda dos autores, emergentes de uma década de acompanhamento e participação e projetos públicos e privados e pesquisas na área. Como resultado identificou-se dimensões fundamentais a serem contempladas por instituições que buscam desenvolver recursos educacionais diversos a serem utilizados para ofertas de cursos na modalidade a distância. Infere-se que este trabalho inicia-se pela delimitação do projeto instrucional e deve se estender a partir da gestão do conhecimento e mapeamento de boas práticas desenvolvidas no contexto institucional. Neste sentido, um dos grandes desafios de conceber cursos na modalidade a distância esta no trabalho interdisciplinar, de uma equipe multidisciplinar que se deixa desafiar pela visão sistêmica do projeto.
The Canadian Health Clock and health calculators
Authors: Choi Bernard C. K. , Manuel Douglas G.
Published: July 2020

Setting

This paper documents a participatory process of Health Portfolio staff in the design of a clock, and announces the 2020 Canadian Health Clock, with links to numerous online health calculators. The clock is part of the Health Portfolio’s celebration activities in 2019 of “100 Years of Health”, as the Department of Health was established in Canada in 1919.

Intervention

The intervention was the development of a clock on the Government of Canada website with linkage to calculators as a health promotion tool. The clock was built on the concept of the 2004 Chronic Disease Clock, which shows the number of deaths so far today, and so far this year. The clock was developed using a consultative approach, following a review of the original clock.

Outcomes

The 2020 clock incorporates new data visualization concepts. New features, facilitated by improved technology, include: expansion to all causes of death; blinking red dots to enhance visual impact; and three clock versions (analogue, featuring a moving circle; digital, table format; and graphical, bar chart format). The clock also provides links to a number of health calculators, to allow people to seek personalized information to improve their health.

Implications

The online health clock and health calculators are good examples of innovation in health risk communication tools for effective knowledge translation and dissemination. They inform people about health statistics (clock) and their health (calculators). The clock engages people in the context of the Canadian population, whereas the calculators provide personalized information about improving an individual’s future health.
Six Major Historical Earthquakes in the Seoul Metropolitan Area during the Joseon Dynasty (1392–1910)
Authors: Park Seongjun , Baek Inho , Hong Tae-Kyung
Published: July 2020

Earthquake records in the historical literature provide valuable information on the seismic hazard potentials for long recurrence times. The Seoul metropolitan area is the center of the economy and infrastructure in South Korea. Six major earthquakes that occurred around the Seoul metropolitan area during the Joseon dynasty in 1392–1910 are analyzed using a probabilistic joint inversion method based on seismic damage records and earthquake-felt reports. The inversion yields sets of event locations and magnitudes with probabilities. The joint inversion method is validated with synthetic and instrumentally observed data sets. The historical earthquakes are found to be located around the Seoul metropolitan area. The magnitudes of the earthquakes range from ML 5.3 to 6.8 at the peak probabilistic locations. These historical earthquakes suggest considerable seismic hazard potentials in the Seoul metropolitan area.
Automatic Extraction of Permanent Ground Offset from Near-Field Accelerograms: Algorithm, Validation, and Application to the 2004 Parkfield Earthquake
Authors: Inbal Asaf , Ziv Alon
Published: July 2020

Permanent ground offsets, constituting a prime dataset for constraining final fault-slip distributions, may not be recovered straightforwardly by double integration of near-field accelerograms due to tilt and other distorting effects. Clearly, if a way could be found to recover permanent ground offsets from acceleration records, then static datasets would be enlarged, and thus the resolution of fault-slip inversions would be enhanced. Here, we introduce a new approach for extracting permanent offsets from near-field strong-motion accelerograms. The main advantage of the new approach with respect to previous ones is that it corrects for source time functions of any level of complexity. Its main novelty is the addition of a constraint on the slope of the ground velocity spectra at long periods. We validated the new scheme using collocated accelerograms and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) records of the 2011 Mw 9 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. We find a good agreement between accelerogram-based and GNSS-based ground offsets over a range of 0.1–5 m. To improve the spatial coverage of permanent ground offsets associated with the 2004 Parkfield earthquake, near-field accelerograms were baseline corrected using the new scheme. Static slip inversion of the combined GNSS-based and accelerogram-based ground displacements indicates appreciable seismic moment release south of the epicenter, about 5 km into the Cholame section of the San Andreas fault. We conclude that the strong shaking observed to the south of the epicenter is directly related to the slip in that area and is not the result of local amplification.
Conditional Ground-Motion Model for Damaging Characteristics of Near-Fault Ground Motions Based on Instantaneous Power
Authors: Zengin Esra , Abrahamson Norman
Published: July 2020

The velocity pulse in near-fault ground motions has been used as a key characteristic of damaging ground motions. Characterization of the velocity pulse involves three parameters: presence of the pulse, period of the pulse, and amplitude of the pulse. The basic concept behind the velocity pulse is that a large amount of seismic energy is packed into a short time, leading to larger demands on the structure. An intensity measure for near-fault ground motions, which is a direct measure of the amount of energy arriving in short time, called instantaneous power (IP (T1)), is defined as the maximum power of the bandpass-filtered velocity time series measured over a time interval of 0.5T1, in which T1 is the fundamental period of the structure. The records are bandpass filtered in the period band (0.2T1−3T1) to remove the frequencies that are not expected to excite the structure. Zengin and Abrahamson (2020) showed that the drift is better correlated with the IP (T1) than with the velocity pulse parameters for records scaled to the same spectral acceleration at T1. A conditional ground-motion model (GMM) for the IP is developed based on the 5%-damped spectral acceleration at T1, the earthquake magnitude, and the rupture distance. This conditional GMM can be used for record selection for near-fault ground motions that captures the key features of velocity pulses and can lead to a better representation of the median and variability of the maximum interstory drift. The conditional GMM can also be used in a vector hazard analysis for spectral acceleration (T1) and IP (T1) that can be used for more accurate estimation of drift hazard and seismic risk.
Evaluación del desempeño de un amortiguador de masa sintonizado no lineal mediante simulaciones híbridas en tiempo real
Authors: Riascos-González Carlos Andrés , Thomson Peter , Dyke Shirley
Published: July 2020

Introducción: En este artículo se describe la simulación híbrida en tiempo real (RTHS) de un amortiguador no lineal de masa sintonizado (NTMD) y se comparan los resultados con los obtenidos de ensayos experimentales convencionales de una estructura a cortante, de un piso, con el NTMD. 
Objetivo: El objetivo de este artículo es valuar la efectividad de una RTHS para estimar el desempeño de un NTMD.
Metodología: La metodología consistió de las siguientes tres etapas: identificación de la estructura principal, diseño del NTMD y evaluación experimental del sistema estructura-NTMD. Para la tercera etapa, se utilizaron RTHS y ensayos sobre mesa vibratoria.
Resultados: Los resultados de los ensayos en mesa vibratoria demostraron que el NTMD redujo el 77% y 63% de las aceleraciones pico y RMS de la estructura principal, con respecto a la estructura sin control. Los valores de estas reducciones obtenidos con RTHS fueron 73% y 63%, respectivamente. Los índices de precisión del sistema de transferencia correspondieron a una amplitud generalizada de 1.01 y un retraso de 2 ms.
Conclusiones: el NTMD, con una razón de masas del 10%, alcanzó reducciones superiores al 60% de la respuesta estructural. La RTHS y el ensayo de mesa vibratoria demostraron que el sistema estructura-NTMD tuvo solo un pico en la respuesta en frecuencia. El ruido en la retroalimentación de la RTHS aumentó el grado de amortiguamiento de la estructura controlada. Finalmente, los resultados experimentales demostraron que la RTHS es una técnica que predice efectivamente la aceleración RMS del sistema estructura-NTMD y puede sobreestimar ligeramente su aceleración pico.
Exoesqueleto para rehabilitación de miembro inferior con dos grados de libertad orientado a pacientes con accidentes cerebrovasculares
Authors: Tibaduiza-Burgos Diego Alexander , Aya Parra Pedro Antonio , Anaya Vejar Maribel
Published: July 2020

Introducción: Un exoesqueleto puede ser entendido como una estructura mecatrónica que puede ser acoplada a una extremidad   de manera externa y que permite el desarrollo de los movimientos en las diferentes articulaciones de esta misma. Estos movimientos son desarrollados con el apoyo de actuadores que son quienes definen los grados de libertad de este tipo de dispositivos.  Dada su versatilidad, estos pueden llegar a ser una herramienta útil en la asistencia de trabajos de rehabilitación de miembros superior e inferior humanos y en algunos casos por ejemplo ayudar a pacientes con parálisis en sus miembros en el desarrollo de actividades tan complejas como la marcha humana. Aunque hay algunos desarrollos importantes en esta área, esta sigue en fase de investigación y muchos de los desarrollos aún no están disponibles o no son asequibles para su uso masivo en países como Colombia y en general América Latina.
Objetivo: Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un exoesqueleto activo, el cual fue diseñado para ayudar en la rehabilitación de pacientes que han tenido algún tipo de secuela como consecuencia de un accidente cerebro vascular (ACV), también conocido como Ictus.
Metodología: Se incluye dentro del artículo, información sobre el modelado del sistema, el diseño, control y la construcción del dispositivo exoesquelético así como el desarrollo de unas pruebas preliminares orientadas a mostrar su uso en el desarrollo de pruebas de repetición en el plano sagital
Resultados:  Como resultado se cuenta con un prototipo funcional que ya fue validado con pruebas de laboratorio y que permite monitorizar los movimientos de las articulaciones en un proceso de terapia en miembro inferior basada en ejercicios de repetición.
Conclusiones: El sistema desarrollado presenta algunas facilidades que pueden ser útiles en la rehabilitación de pacientes con ictus, entre ellas se tienen las siguientes: desarrollo de un sistema automatizado de monitorización de rehabilitación, diseño mecánico y estructura ajustable a diferentes tipos de pacientes, modelado del sistema y desarrollo de sistema de control automático, así como facilidad de uso de interfaz desarrollada en Labview.
Estudio sedimentológico en la cuenca de la quebrada La Floresta en los municipios de Pailitas y Tamalameque, departamento del Cesar, Colombia
Authors: Manco Jaraba Dino Carmelo , Rudas Muñoz Antonio , Rojas Martínez Elías Ernesto
Published: July 2020

Introducción: La quebrada La Floresta se localiza entre los municipios de Pailitas y Tamalameque, cuenta con una extensión de 13.500 hectáreas, donde se realizaron estudios granulométricos, humedad y estimación de volumen de sedimentos aportados por la cuenca mediante el modelo EROSUP-U.
Objetivo: Cuantificar el aporte sedimentológico de la quebrada La Floresta y clasificar tipos de suelo basado en AASTHO y USC.
Metodología: Se recolectaron 84 muestras, cada 10 mts y 15 mts, siguiendo la metodología propuesta por la Comisión Federal de Electricidad de México.
Resultados: La estimación volumétrica, aplicando la ecuación universal de perdida de suelo (EUPS), establece que el aporte sedimentológico de la quebrada es de 4.944.679.344,77 m3/año; el suelo se clasificó en cuatro (4) grupos (A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4, A-2-6), el más representativo es el A-1-a con un 84.52% de las muestras analizadas.
Conclusiones: La quebrada La Floresta cuenta con una amplia variabilidad granulométrica de  sedimentos, siendo de mayor proporción las grava, arena gruesa y arena fina, con o sin material fino bien graduado, con predominio de gravas y un aporte sedimentológico de 4.944.679.344,77 m3/año.
Un Squirrel Search Algorithm discreto aplicado al problema Job Shop con operadores calificados
Authors: López Martínez César Andrés , Hernández Riaño Helman Enrique , Soto de la Vega Manuel Jesús
Published: July 2020

Introducción: El problema Job Shop Con Operadores Calificados o Job Shop With Skilled Operators (JSSO) es una extensión del problema clásico Job Shop en el cual, una operación debe ser ejecutada por un conjunto limitados de trabajadores, con el objetivo de minimizar el tiempo de terminación total de los trabajos o Makespan, situación que puede representar distintas aplicaciones en la vida cotidiana. Es un problema complejo y es catalogado como NP-HARD.
Objetivo: En este artículo, se aborda el problema JSSO desde la adaptación de un algoritmo conocido como Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA).
Metodología: Se propone un esquema de codificación discreto para el algoritmo SSA utilizando el método Smallest Position Value (SPV). Además, para evitar soluciones que violen las relaciones de precedencia; se corrigen con el método Valid Particle Generator (VPG), el cual garantiza soluciones factibles. Dos versiones del algoritmo se colocan a prueba en 28 instancias propuesta en la literatura para validar su rendimiento.
Resultados: Los experimentos computacionales realizados muestran que los dos algoritmos propuestos alcanzan soluciones óptimas en 25 de las 28 instancias analizadas. Además, para las instancias en donde no se logró soluciones óptimas, el gap promedio no supera el 2% para ambas versiones de los algoritmos propuestos.
Conclusiones: El esquema de codificación propuesto garantiza la discretización del algoritmo, generando soluciones que convergen hacia el óptimo. Además, la codificación propuesta, permite utilizar de manera natural los operadores de movimiento propuestos originalmente para el algoritmo utilizado. El rendimiento obtenido por los algoritmos es adecuado y de alta calidad.
An MCE-based innovative approach to evaluating ecotourism suitability using GIS
Authors: Jokar P. , Masoudi M. , Karimi F.
Published: July 2020

Geographic Information System (GIS) can be used in ecotourism as a decision support tool for sustainable tourism planning, impact assessment, visitor flow management, and tourism site selection. Therefore, this system has the potential to be widely applied in tourism. The purpose of the study was to explore the potential for ecotourism development using GIS in Sepidan region, placed in the southwestern part of Iran. An innovative method was proposed for adjusting effective parameters in evaluation of ecotourism. The methods used for evaluation comprised Boolean, current multi-criteria evaluation methods (weighted linear combination), and the proposed methods of geometric mean and its calibration. Results showed that an improved method using geometric mean (kappa= 0.72) was better than Boolean (kappa= 0.56) and multi-criteria evaluation (kappa= 0.59) models. The calibrated geometric mean was also the best among the different models used. It should be noted that the geometric mean method was simpler than multi-criteria evaluation and did not require the weighting process.
Role of procalcitonin in diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and procalcitonin guided duration of antibiotic therapy
Authors: Bharti Abnish Kumar , Verma Manoj Kumar , Gupta Anuj , Mishra Devendra Kumar
Published: July 2020

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the important causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality particularly in the developing countries. Accurate and quick diagnosis is difficult because clinical presentation is non-specific, bacterial cultures are time-consuming and other laboratory tests lack sensitivity and specificity. Procalcitonin (PCT) is often reported to be more superior to C-reactive protein (CRP), being more sensitive and specific, starts to rise earlier and returns to normal concentration more rapidly than CRP.Methods: It is a hospital based prospective observational study. Blood samples were obtained and analyzed for blood culture, septic screen including serum CRP and PCT. Neonates were categorized into proven sepsis (n=39), probable sepsis (n=21) and clinical sepsis (n=40) groups on the basis of laboratory findings and risk factors. Data was analyzed by using standard statistical tests using SPSS 16.Results: Out of 100 cases, elevated PCT level >0.5 ng/dl was detected in 75 and >2 ng/dl was detected in 51 whereas CRP was positive only in 61 cases. Among the 39 culture positive cases, elevated serum PCT level was noticed in 39 (100%) cases whereas CRP level was noticed in 30 (76.9%) cases. Mean PCT levels were significantly high according to infection severity (P<0.01). Procalcitonin (sensitivity 87.2%, specificity 72.13%, positive predictive value 66.7% and negative predictive value 89.8% and with p value of <0.001) is more superior than CRP to predict sepsis in neonate. The mean duration of antibiotic therapy was 12.46±4.62 days in definite sepsis, 4.53±1.78 days in probable sepsis group and in clinical sepsis group 3.75±1.33 days by serial PCT measurement.Conclusions: Serum PCT levels >2 ng/dl has got a better sensitivity and NPV, which help us not only in the early diagnosis but also in the prognosis and duration of antibiotic therapy.
Depressão: um desafio à saúde do trabalhador de enfermagem em UBS da cidade de Patos/PB
Authors: Chaves Hianne Marla Carneiro , Vasconcelos Diogo Sergio Cesar de , Correia Deyse Morgana das Neves , Medeiros Lavoisier Morais de
Published: July 2020

A Depressão é algo comum no contexto laboral dos enfermeiros, criando assim, relações que necessitam de uma melhor compreensão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o nível de depressão nos profissionais de enfermagem de UBS na cidade de Patos/PB, caracterizando as circunstâncias existentes nesse ambiente laboral. O método utilizado foi um estudo qualitativo de abordagem quantitativa, com uma amostra de 31 enfermeiros. O instrumento da coleta dos dados apresentados foi o PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) que se constitui de nove perguntas que avaliam a presença de cada um dos sintomas para o episódio de depressão maior, descritos no Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico dos Transtornos Mentais (DSM-IV, 2000). Como resultado, 31 enfermeiros, dos 40 existentes, responderam aos questionários. De todos os entrevistados, cerca de 55% relataram sentir “alguma dificuldade” dentro de todas as perguntas desenvolvidas no questionário. Em média o escore total de resultados foi de 8,8, o que demostra que existe um tipo de depressão considerado de sintomas subclínica e que se pode resolver através de aconselhamento médico, para assim poder se entender o que está acontecendo. Portanto, é imprescindível que a Prefeitura de Patos e os representantes sindicais examinem cautelosamente a situação de adoecimento mental dos profissionais de Enfermagem na cidade de Patos, buscando amenizá-la.
No Happy Endings: Practicing Care in Troubled Times
Authors: Molloy Murphy Angela
Published: July 2020

This article uses a multispecies inquiry to research the relations between human children and other-than-human animals, specifically, a piglet, in a home-based early childhood setting. The focus of this work is to activate critical posthumanism and common worlds scholarship to consider the ethics of relations of care in which the fate of the cared-for is uncertain. I draw on Puig de la Bellacasa’s theory of care to consider the implications of our school community’s care for the piglet, which was offered freely and in full awareness of uncertain consequences and precarious futures.