bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Future Therapy for Low-Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis—A Provider Survey
Authors: Ahmed Aisha , Brilakis Emmanouil S , Mudy Karol , Sun Benjamin , Sorajja Paul , Gössl Mario
Published: May 2019

With the expansion of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in low-risk patients, we sought to explore current implanters' predictions on the future of this therapy by sending a survey to a sample of 8,261 healthcare professionals using Internet-based software. The survey contained six questions regarding physician specialty and experience, transcatheter aortic valve replacement age cutoff, optimal treatment for low-risk patients, transcatheter aortic valve replacement valve sequence, and transcatheter aortic valve replacement concerns. The majority, 29% percent, of all respondents felt that transcatheter aortic valve replacement will become the first-choice therapy for all patients, regardless of age and 70% felt that the optimal treatment would be transcatheter aortic valve replacement, with transcatheter aortic valve replacement valve-in-valve if the first valve degenerates. Regarding the sequence of transcatheter aortic valve replacement valves, 78% preferred the Edwards Sapien 3 valve (ES-3) as the first transcatheter aortic valve replacement valve followed by either a second ES-3 or Medtronic Evolut valve. Despite the high acceptance of transcatheter aortic valve replacement, many respondents (56%) felt that surgical aortic valve replacement might still remain the preferred treatment in low-risk patients due to an unknown durability of transcatheter aortic valve replacement valves. A majority of implanters see transcatheter aortic valve replacement followed by valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement as the first-line therapy for low-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis, but long-term durability of transcatheter aortic valve replacement is an unanswered concern.
Sustainability of mHealth Effects on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: Five-Year Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio , Pauschardt Julia , Diez-Canseco Francisco , Miranda J Jaime
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND

The long-term effects of mobile health (mHealth) interventions have not been documented, especially in resource-constrained settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the effects of a 1-year mHealth intervention on blood pressure levels and body weight in low-resource urban settings in Peru, 4 years after the completion of the original study.

METHODS

Four years after the original Grupo de Investigación en Salud Móvil en America Latina (GISMAL) study, we attempted to contact the 212 individuals originally enrolled in the study in Peru. The primary outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and hypertension incidence. Secondary outcome measures were body weight, BMI, and self-reported target behaviors. The study personnel collecting the data were masked to the group assignment. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention on primary and secondary outcomes in an intention-to-treat analysis.

RESULTS

Data from 164 (77.4%) of the 212 originally enrolled participants were available and analyzed (80 in the intervention group and 84 in the control group). The intervention did not result in changes in systolic (–2.54 mm Hg, 95% CI –8.23 to 3.15) or diastolic (3.41 mm Hg, 95% CI –0.75 to 7.57) blood pressure compared with the control group. The intervention reduced the risk of developing hypertension, but the result was not significant (risk ratio (RR) 0.76, 95% CI 0.45-1.28). However, those who received the intervention had lower body weight (–5.42 kg, 95% CI –10.4 to –0.48) and BMI (–2.56 kg/m2, 95% CI –4.46 to –0.66). In addition, compared to the control participants, those who received ≥50% of the scheduled calls during the intervention had greater reductions in body weight (–6.23 kg, 95% CI –11.47 to –0.99) and BMI (–2.81 kg/m2, 95% CI –4.77 to –0.85).

CONCLUSIONS

An mHealth intervention comprising motivational interview calls and SMS text messaging appears to have effects on health 4 years after intervention completion. Although there were no effects on blood pressure levels, important reductions in body weight and BMI were seen 5 years after randomization. Thus, mHealth appears to be a promising preventive strategy for noncommunicable diseases in resource-constrained settings.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01295216; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01295216
American Cohort to Study HIV Acquisition Among Transgender Women in High-Risk Areas (The LITE Study): Protocol for a Multisite Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern and Southern United States (Preprint)
Authors: Wirtz Andrea L , Poteat Tonia , Radix Asa , Althoff Keri N , Cannon Christopher M , Wawrzyniak Andrew J , Cooney Erin , Mayer Kenneth H , Beyrer Chris , Rodriguez Allan E , Reisner Sari L ,   American Cohort To Study HIV Acquisition Among Transgender Women (LITE)
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND

In the United States, transgender women (TW) are disproportionately burdened by HIV infection. Cohort studies are needed to evaluate factors driving HIV acquisition among TW over time. These will require implementation strategies that are acceptable to the TW community and feasible to implement.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the rate and correlates of HIV acquisition and other health outcomes among TW in eastern and southern United States.

METHODS

LITE is a multisite prospective cohort in 6 eastern and southern US cities, which will be followed across 24 months of technology-enhanced biobehavioral follow-up. Adult TW, regardless of HIV status, are recruited via convenience sampling (eg, peer referrals, social media, and dating apps). Participants are enrolled in a baseline study visit, complete a sociobehavioral survey, and test for HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Participants who are not living with HIV at baseline are offered enrollment into the cohort (N=1100); follow-up assessments occur quarterly.

RESULTS

Cohort assembly was informed by synchronous Web-based focus group discussions with TW (n=41) and by continuing engagement with community advisory board members from each site. Enrollment launched in March 2018. The study is underway in the Atlanta; Baltimore; Boston; Miami; New York City; and Washington, DC, metro areas. As of March 2019, 795 TW completed a baseline visit (mean age 35 years). The majority of the participants are racial/ethnic minorities, with 45% of the TW identifying as black and 28% of the TW identifying as Hispanic/Latinx. More than one-quarter (28%) of the TW are living with HIV infection (laboratory-confirmed). Online recruitment methods support engagement with TW, although peer referral and referral through trusted health facilities and organizations remain most effective.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is responsive to increasing research interest in technology-enhanced methods for cohort research, particularly for hard-to-reach populations. Importantly, the diversity of literacy, technology use, and overall socioeconomic situations in this sample of TW highlights the need to leverage technology to permit a flexible, adaptive methodology that enhances engagement of potential participants living in marginalized contexts while still ensuring rigorous and sound study design.
The Effect of Initial Groundwater Table and Rainfall Wetting Towards Slope Stability (Case Study of Landslide in Tangkil Hamlet, Banaran Village, Pulung Subdistrict, Ponorogo Regency)
Authors: Ariesta Diana
Published: May 2019

Landslide is a natural phenomenon that can be controlled by a combination of various factors, such as topography, lithological condition, geological structure, water table, etc. Landslide is stated as a natural disaster if it causes casualties, direct losses and subsequent impacts of the initial destruction, as happened in Banaran Village, Ponorogo Regency. This study is aimed to examine the effects of initial groundwater table conditions and rainfall wetting on Banaran Village landslide. This study was conducted by assuming scenarios of initial groundwater table conditions. Soil parameters were obtained by testing soil samples in the laboratory. Infiltration parameters were acquired through permeability tests using the Philip-Dunne method, while areal rainfall was calculated using the Thiessen polygon method. In addition, slope stability modeling was calculated by using SLOPE/W while rainfall wetting analysis was carried out through SEEP/W. The analysis of Banaran Village landslide through these two numerical models was conducted by considering two conditions: 1) without rainfall and 2) with rainfall and infiltration. The analysis results imply that the landslide occurred in the initial groundwater table condition in scenario 3 with a safety factor of 1.008, and in a similar scenario with a safety factor of 0.973 when taking into account rainfall and infiltration. The results from SEEP/W and SLOPE/W indicate that the initial condition of the groundwater table highly influenced the decrease of the safety factor, while the wetting process did not cause a significant decrease of the safety factor.
Quality Improvement Goals for Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Kashani Kianoush , Rosner Mitchell Howard , Haase Michael , Lewington Andrew J.P. , O'Donoghue Donal J. , Wilson F. Perry , Nadim Mitra K. , Silver Samuel A. , Zarbock Alexander , Ostermann Marlies , Mehta Ravindra L. , Kane-Gill Sandra L. , Ding Xiaoqiang , Pickkers Peter , Bihorac Azra , Siew Edward D. , Barreto Erin F. , Macedo Etienne , Kellum John A. , Palevsky Paul M. , Tolwani Ashita Jiwat , Ronco Claudio , Juncos Luis A. , Rewa Oleksa G. , Bagshaw Sean M. , Mottes Theresa Ann , Koyner Jay L. , Liu Kathleen D. , Forni Lui G. , Heung Michael , Wu Vin-Cent
Published: May 2019

AKI is a global concern with a high incidence among patients across acute care settings. AKI is associated with significant clinical consequences and increased health care costs. Preventive measures, as well as rapid identification of AKI, have been shown to improve outcomes in small studies. Providing high-quality care for patients with AKI or those at risk of AKI occurs across a continuum that starts at the community level and continues in the emergency department, hospital setting, and after discharge from inpatient care. Improving the quality of care provided to these patients, plausibly mitigating the cost of care and improving short- and long-term outcomes, are goals that have not been universally achieved. Therefore, understanding how the management of AKI may be amenable to quality improvement programs is needed. Recognizing this gap in knowledge, the 22nd Acute Disease Quality Initiative meeting was convened to discuss the evidence, provide recommendations, and highlight future directions for AKI-related quality measures and care processes. Using a modified Delphi process, an international group of experts including physicians, a nurse practitioner, and pharmacists provided a framework for current and future quality improvement projects in the area of AKI. Where possible, best practices in the prevention, identification, and care of the patient with AKI were identified and highlighted. This article provides a summary of the key messages and recommendations of the group, with an aim to equip and encourage health care providers to establish quality care delivery for patients with AKI and to measure key quality indicators.
Alternativas nutricionales para la persona con diabetes mellitus
Authors: Angoa Pérez Aurelio , Guillén Cadena Dulce María
Published: May 2019

Guía para personas con Diabetes Mellitus
Corteza prefrontal: sustrato de las funciones mentales superiores
Authors: Gaitán Gómez Olga Lucía , Aristizábal Hoyos Gladis Patricia
Published: May 2019

La corteza prefrontal humana (CPF), en especial el área 10, poseen tal vez una de las citoarquitecturas y conectividad más interesantes del encéfalo, las funciones adjudicadas por estudios de lesiones en humanos, ablaciones en animales (primates superiores) y estudios de neuroimagen, han permitido identificar su valiosa contribución al comportamiento humano, sin desmeritar la importancia de su aporte en la evolución del hombre como especie dominante de este planeta. Durante las últimas décadas diferentes grupos de investigación han volcado su interés en estas áreas, como consecuencia de su participación en  múltiples patologías psiquiátricas (autismo, esquizofrenia, depresión, trastorno bipolar etc.), pero también por su participación en la concepción de ser humano como persona e individuo que se relaciona y convive en sociedad. Esta zona cortical y en especial el área 10, se ve involucrada en múltiples funciones eminentemente humanas, entre ellas establecimiento de juicios, conceptos de

moralidad y ética, ponerse en el lugar de los demás, planeación de metas a corto, mediano y largo plazo, habilidad de soñar despiertos y posicionamiento de la atención, varias de ellas vinculadas a la conciencia del hombre.
TÉCNICA DE TENDIDO DE CAMA INSTITUCIONAL Y SU ASOCIACIÓN CON EL DESARROLLO DE ÚLCERAS POR PRESIÓN
Authors: Ramírez Cortes Ariel
Published: May 2019

Introducción. Las úlceras por presión (UPP)

representan un problema dentro de las instituciones

de salud en nuestro país. En el área del hospital

en que se encuentran postrados los pacientes, las

UPP podrían prevenirse tomando en cuenta el

conocimiento que se tiene de diversos factores que

contribuyen a su desarrollo. Uno de estos factores

podría ser la técnica de tendido de la cama. Objetivo.

Demostrar la asociación entre la técnica de tendido

de cama y el desarrollo de úlceras por presión.

Metodología. Se realizó un estudio experimental,

longitudinal, prospectivo y analítico de nivel

relacional. Manejando un grupo experimental con

técnica de tendido de cama tipo cartera y el grupo

control tendido de cama institucional; a pacientes

internados en el servicio de Medicina Interna de un

hospital público. El periodo de estudio fue de 19

días; la variable de agrupación “técnica de tendido de

cama”. Se realizó el análisis de asociación utilizando

la prueba Chi cuadrada. Nivel de significancia ≤ 0.05.

Resultados. De los 20 pacientes que tuvieron tendido

de cama institucional, 14 presentaron UPP. Con la

otra alternativa, tendido de cama de cartera, no se

presentó ningún caso de UPP. El sitio de localización

más frecuente fue en miembros pélvicos (64%).

Conclusión. El tendido de cama tipo cartera es más

efectivo para prevenir el desarrollo de UPP, respecto

al tendido institucional, ya que el tendido de cama

con nudo está asociado a las UPP.
PROCESO DE ENFERMERÍA A PACIENTE CON COMPLICACIONES NEUROLÓGICAS, CON BASE EN LOS PATRONES FUNCIONALES
Authors: Ponce Rodríguez Javier
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo es un proceso de enfermería

aplicado a paciente masculino A.C.J. en el servicio

de Neurocirugía 4º poniente en la Unidad Médica

de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Traumatología,

Ortopedia y Rehabilitación “Dr. Victorio de la

Fuente Narváez” por secuela de traumatismo

craneoencefálico, hiperfunción valvular y sangrado

de tubo digestivo bajo. Como datos de importancia

se identificó: ventriculostomía a derivación externa,

traqueostomía, estertores pulmonares bilaterales,

hipertermia y melena; Frecuencia cardiaca: 68

x min, frecuencia respiratoria: 23 x min. Tensión

Arterial: 110/70 mmHg y Temperatura de 38.2ºC.

Durante la estancia en el servicio, que comprendió

una atención y cuidados del 2 a 5 de mayo de 2017,

se utilizó el modelo de los once patrones funcionales

de Marjory Gordon para así lograr un cuidado

integral del paciente, se realizó la valoración del

estado de salud con el fin de identificar y priorizar

las necesidades reales y potenciales del paciente con

base en diagnósticos de enfermería para intervenir

y prevenir los procesos propios de su complicación,

tratamiento, accesos centrales, periféricos y terapia

farmacológica mediante acciones de carácter

dependiente, independiente e interdependiente para

cuidar la salud del paciente.
Estimation of the place of Russia in the world by specific weight in the number of applications for patents
Authors: Kurakov F. A.
Published: May 2019

One of the goals of the national project “Science” is to ensure the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world, carrying out research and development in areas defined by the priorities of scientific and technological development. To monitor the achievement of this goal, an indicator was proposed “the place of the Russian Federation by share in the total number of applications for obtaining a patent for an invention filed in the world by areas determined by the priorities of scientific and technological development”. The analysis of risks and barriers to achieving this target indicator, as well as the identification of problems associated with the increase in patent activity in the domestic sector of knowledge generation, was performed. As the main risk of not achieving the target, low patent activity of domestic industrial companies is named, which is not economically feasible to compensate for by high patent activity of universities.
Problems of achieving systematic targets of the national project «Science»
Authors: Petrov A. N. , Kurakova N. G.
Published: May 2019

The research focus of the analysis was on targets and activities of the national project «Science», the totality of which, according to the research hypothesis, is devoid of systemic nature. The absence of sush a system creates risks of not achieving the national goal, formulated as «accelerating the technological development of the Russian Federation, increasing the number of organizations implementing technological innovations, to 50 percent of their total number». Examples of the lack of interconnectedness of the targets proposed in the passport, indicating the presence of non-harmonized and multidirectional strategic verticals of the national project «Science», are given.
Problems of management of rights to the results of intellectual activity created using budget funds
Authors: Fedulkin D. P. , Zinov V. G.
Published: May 2019

The article analyzes the problems arising from the commercialization of scientific results obtained using budgetary funds, due to the unresolved number of fundamental issues of managing the rights to such results of intellectual activity. The legal uncertainty of the agreement on the provision of subsidies for budget financing of research and the lack of a unified methodology for managing the rights of the Russian Federation to the obtained scientific and technical results are revealed. The authors showed that significant budgetary funds allocated for research in the framework of full life cycle projects, in the absence of a codified set of rules for creating intellectual property, cause serious problems in terms of the country’s successful scientific and technological development. As real measures to overcome the causes that are the source of risks for the implementation of ambitious plans for the scientific and technological development of the economy, the authors propose to develop and adopt uniform rules defining principles and measures for managing rights to the results of intellectual activity, ranging from the formation of an order, conditions and grounds for the distribution of rights to results of intellectual activity, as well as giving the Federal Agency full of powers and responsibility in the system of state policy. The proposed approach is necessary in justifying commitments to bring the development to the stage of industrial application and sale of finished products, as well as commitments to monitor the use of intellectual property and make decisions about the reasonableness of maintaining their legal protection.
Methodology of regional analysis of the Russian economic reseaerch market
Authors: Moskovkin V. M. , Sun X.
Published: May 2019

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the transition to a market economy model in Russia, there has been observed a rapid growth for market economic studies challenge in ranking of its three segments, such as the economists market, scientific economic journals market, research training of economists market. The purpose of the study is to aggregate quantitative indicators of economic market segments for economic studies in the Russian regions. The initial data calculations are done on quantitative indicators from the TOP-500 gold ranking of economist E. V. Balatsky for 2016, the list of “vakovsky” economic journals from 07.06.2017 and the ranking of 2016 economic dissertation councils across the Russian regions. The aggregation of the above indicators is done according to the arithmetic average formula for their normalized values. A cross-correlation matrix has been constructed for the above indicators and an integral indicator with all linear paired regression equations in which the values of the coefficient of determination R2 varied in the range from 0,93 to 0.99. A practically analytical multiple regression equation (R2 = 1.0) has been obtained between the values of the above three indicators of the market for economic studies and an integral indicator on the other hand. In the article, it is also shown that the effect of the number of economic councils on the integral indicator is three times greater than the effect of the number of economists and the number of economic councils each separately. The best convergence to the Pareto distribution has been shown by the distribution of the values of the integral indicator of the state of the regional economic research market. On the basis of an integral indicator, the clusterization of regional markets for economic studies in Russia has been done using the method of natural borders.
Clinical and laboratory characterictic of acute HIV-infection in adult residents of Novosibirsk region
Authors: Ulyanova Ya. S. , Gashnikova N. M. , Ivlev V. V. , Krasnova E. I. , Khokhlova N. I. , Totmenin A. V. , Melnikova O. V. , Vorotova M. V. , Glushko I. R. , Ulyanov V. V.
Published: May 2019

Purpose of the study. To study the characteristics of acute HIV infection in adults in the Novosibirsk region in 2017– 2018.

Materials and methods. 200 patients with acute HIV infection, residents of the Novosibirsk region, aged 15 to 74 years, hospitalized in 2017–2018, 104 men and 96 women were examined. The diagnosis was verified by detecting antibodies to HIV in ELISA with a negative or doubtful result of the immunoblot, as well as by determining the quantitative content of HIV RNA in the blood by PCR. The hemogram, the content of CD4 + lymphocytes in the blood were determined. In addition, HIV-1 was studied in 71 patients for belonging to a genetic group.

Results. Patients of 20–40 years old prevailed – 70.5%. The sexual way was dominant in women (69.0%), injecting psychoactive substances was more often in men (32.2%). Frequent symptoms were fever (99%), exanthema (65.5%), polylimfoadenopathy (54.0%). Less common were diarrhea (36.0%), pharyngotonsillitis (23.0%), aphthous stomatitis (6.5%), hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly (8.5%). Secondary diseases were revealed in 26.5% of patients. Leukopenia was recorded in 63.0%, thrombocytopenia in 62.5%, lymphocytosis and atypical cells of the lymphoid series in 14.0%. All patients had a high “viral load” – from 23,000 to 10,000,000 or more copies / ml, a decrease in the number of CD4 + less than 350 cells – in 38.0%. From among 71 patients, 19.7% had HIV-1 subtype A, and 76.0% had recombinant HIV-1 CRF63_02A. In the latter, “viral load” of more than 10,000,000 copies / ml was more often recorded (67.8% vs. 33.4%, p = 0.004).

Conclusion. A significant number of cases of acute HIV infection were reported in the Novosibirsk region in 2017– 2018. Its detection is possible by examination of all febrile patients who apply to medical institutions. Early initiation of antiretroviral therapy with the appointment of well-tolerated regimens contributes to the formation of a high commitment to therapy.
Cytomegalovirus infection and congenital heart disease in children
Authors: Каshuba E. A. , Chehova Yu. S. , Gorbatikov K. V. , Drozdova T. G. , Totolin I. S. , Аntonova М. V. , Savinova Е. Yu.
Published: May 2019

Congenital heart defects account for about 30% of all anomaly of development in children. Cytomegalovirus infection suffered by a woman during pregnancy claims one of the leading places among teratogenic factors.

Aim: to study clinical and pathogenetic features of congenital heart diseases in children with active cytomegalovirus infection.

Materials and methods: the survey included 240 children with congenital heart defects under 1 years old. The diagnosis was verified by enzyme immunoassay with detection of immunoglobulins of classes M and G to cytomegalovirus and by polymerase chain reaction, the material for which was blood and urine.

Results. For congenital heart defects with the active forms of cytomegalovirus infection is characterized by a higher frequency of combined defects and the development of critical states. Children with cytomegalovirus infection in 40% suffered intrauterine myocarditis of cytomegalovirus etiology, which weighed the course of the underlying disease. The features characteristic of IUI was determined much more often (in the analysis of the noncardiac symptoms). Specific therapy of active forms of cytomegalovirus infection in children before surgery for correction of congenital heart defects has reduced the likelihood of postoperative complications.

Summary. Cytomegalovirus infection has a direct teratogenic effect and can provoke the development of congenital heart defects. In addition, the virus has a cardiotropic and immune-mediated effect on the myocardium. This leads to the development of intrauterine myocarditis, which aggravates the course of the disease. The specific treatment of active forms of cytomegalovirus infection in children before surgery for the correction of congenital heart defects, reduces the likelihood of postoperative complications.
In silico comparative analysis of crispr-cas system structures of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis causing different clinical manifestations of pseudotuberculosis
Authors: Peretolchina N. P. , Dzhioev Yu. P. , Borisenko A. Yu. , Stepanenko L. A. , Voskresenskaya E. A. , Klimov V. T. , Reva O. N. , Zlobin V. I.
Published: May 2019

The aim of this research was to analyze and compare CRIPSR loci and cas-proteins of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains isolated in different territories from patients with various clinical manifestations of pseudotuberculosis.

Materials and Methods. Complete genomes of Y. pseudotuberculosis IP329353 (NC_006155) and IP31758 (NC_009708) were obtained from NCBI Nucleotide Database. Strains were isolated from patients with gastroenteritis and systemic infection respectively. Search, identification, and analysis of CRISPR systems were carried out by onlinetools CRISPROne, CRISPRDetect, and CRISPRTarget.

Results. Analyzed strains have CRISPR-Cas systems that include one set of cas-genes and arrays situated at the long distances from each other. We defined three CRISPR arrays in Y. pseudotuberculosis IP32953: array YP1 located near cas-genes, arrays YP2 and YP3. CRISPR-Cas system of Y. pseudotuberculosis IP31758 includes two arrays – YP1 and YP3. CRISPR systems do not share similar spacers.

Conclusion. CRISPR systems of the analyzed strains differ in CRISPR loci and cas-protein structures that can be used as specific molecular marks of analyzed strains during the study of intra-species variability and evolution of Y. pseudotuberculosis.
Clinical-epidemiological aspects of whooping cough in children in conditions of mass vaccinoprophylactics
Authors: Babachenko I. V. , Nesterova Yu. V. , Chernyshova Yu. Yu. , Karasev V. V. , Pochinyaeva L. M. , Kalisnikova E. L.
Published: May 2019

The aim of the study was to present clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of modern pertussis in hospitalized children, as well as to assess the frequency of pertussis infection as an etiological factor of long – term cough in children and adolescents.

Materials and methods: medical records of 545 patients hospitalized in Children’s city clinical hospital №5 named after N.F. Filatov (Saint-Petersburg) in the period 2015–2017 were analyzed. Detailed clinical and laboratory analysis with subsequent follow-up of patients was carried out in 80 patients with pertussis aged 1 month to 18 years. The DNA of the causative agents of pertussis infection was identified by PCR using a commercial kit “AmpliSens Bordetella multi-FL” (Moscow); parallel was determined the bacterial load by quantitative PCRRT (real time) using test systems production, Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (Moscow), allowing to detect a single genome-equivalents (GE) of B. pertussis in smears from the nasopharynx. Pertussis convalescents were examined 1, 3 and 6 months after discharge.

Results. Among hospitalized children dominated the first 2 years of life (70.8%), 78% were unvaccinated children. The sources of infection for children of the first two years of life were family members in 77% of cases, for preschoolers-in 67%, for schoolchildren-in 14%. Patients of moderate severity were 81.1%, severe – 10.3%; mild – 7%. Of the specific complications, respiratory rhythm disturbances were notedin 11.6%, including respiratory arrest-in 2.8%; pneumonia of mixed etiology was recorded in 6.2% of cases. Introduction of PCR method allows to increase laboratory confirmation up to 87.2%. In 63.6% of cases pertussis of pertussis were detected by PCR genome-equivalents of DNA in 6 months from hospital discharge. In patients with long – term cough, pertussis wand DNA was detected in preschool children in 11.14% of cases, in patients 7–12 years – in 25.93%, in adolescents-in 20% of cases.

Conclusion. Whooping cough is a common infection among schoolchildren and adolescents, despite the high coverage of young children with preventive vaccinations. Pertussis convalescents can release the DNA of the pathogen for a long time, which may have epidemiological significance for unvaccinated and those children and adults, who have lost postvaccinal immunity, in the foci of infection.
Optimization of starting empirical antibacterial therapy in patients with HIV infection – specialized hospital patients
Authors: Dvorak S. I. , Gusev D. A. , Suborova T. N. , Zakharova N. G. , Sizova N. V. , Bulan`kov Yu. I.
Published: May 2019

Objective: to analyze the adequacy of the scheme of empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with complicated forms of HIV infection in a specialized hospital and propose a set of measures for its optimization.

Materials and methods: Clinical and demographic characteristics, results of bacteriological studies, risk factors of infection with resistant and multiresistant pathogens were studied in patients with HIV infection at the stage of progression with infectious complications of bacterial etiology, and the adequacy of empirical antibiotic therapy was evaluated.

Results:The analysis of bacterial infectious complications in 21 HIV-infected patients with advanced stages of the disease was carried out. It was established that the profiles of the starting ABT only in 47% of cases coincide with the results of the antibiogram. To increase the effectiveness of empirical antibacterial therapy, stratification of risk groups for the detection of multiresistant bacterial pathogens has been developed. The basis of stratification: the severity of immunodeficiency, the presence of previously conducted antibacterial therapy, the period and place of detection of infectious complications, the localization of the infectious process.

Conclusion: the use in clinical practice of a differentiated approach to the appointment of antibacterial drugs for starting empirical therapy in patients with HIV infection can improve the quality of treatment of infectious complications in patients with immunosuppression.
Complications of head and neck radiotherapy: A dental perspective
Authors: Buchanan Glynn , Gamieldien Mohamed , Tredoux Sheree , Uys Andre , Swanepoel Nicolaas
Published: May 2019

For the treatment of head and neck cancers radiotherapy is frequently and successfully performed by medical specialists. However, a number of complications may occur following such therapy. Many of these complications are diagnosed and treated primarily by dental practitioners and specialists. Whilst some are easily managed, others, such as osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, may be very difficult to treat and have a significant impact on a patient?s quality of life. The following report documents a case where several complications occurred following radiotherapy. Comprehensive dental assessment and treatment prior to, during and after radiotherapy may lead to a reduction of complications. Greater cooperation and understanding between medical and dental professionals is required during radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients.
Spheroidization heat treatment and intercritical annealing of low carbon steel
Authors: Nasiri Z. , Mirzadeh H.
Published: May 2019

Spheroidization annealing of low carbon steel and its effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of dual phase (DP) steel were studied. It was revealed that the reduction in strength and hardness of the quenched martensitic microstructure was much more pronounced compared to the fully annealed ferritic-pearlitic banded microstructure with spheroidizing time. This was related to the confinement of spheroidized carbide particles to distinct bands in the latter, and the uniform dispersion of carbides and high-temperature tempering of martensite in the former. During intercritical annealing of the spheroidized microstructures, the tendency to obtain martensite particles as discrete islands was observed. This, in turn, resulted in an inferior strength-ductility balance compared to the DP steel obtained from the intercritical annealing of martensite, which negated the usefulness of the spheroidized microstructures as the initial microstructures for the processing of DP steels.
Type door rigid frame - pile arch system characteristics and disaster prevention application in thermodynamics
Authors: Wang Yong
Published: May 2019

The construction of mountain roads often promotes the occurrence of landslides, and poses a serious threat to the safety of driving and the geological environment. This paper introduces a new type of road landslide area anti-sliding structure based on thermal factors. The type door rigid frame-pile arch system, it is mainly composed of three parts: the gate type anti-slide pile, the reinforced concrete arch plate, and the mouth shaped guard pier. Its characteristics are: door-type anti-slide pile role is to resist the landslide thrust and the main road as a support structure; reinforced concrete arch between the plate as the door-type anti-slide pile and pile retaining force transmission member, active play arch structure compression high strength, can change the mechanical properties of stress paths, so that the lateral landslide sliding force to reduce; shaped mouth guard pier to control the deformation and solid slope, and enhance the overall stability of the system. The FLAC3D simulation results show that the stress distribution of arch plate is more uniform, with the increase of the sliding force, the stress in the arch foot and the lower part of the arch plate increases rapidly, which accords with the principle of soil arching. At the same time, the contact beam gradually works, The landslide thrust is transmitted to the front row of piles. The stress of the rear row of piles increases more than that of the front row of piles. The stress of the upper part of the beam increases more than that of the lower part of the beam. The overall trend is more and more gentle.
Numerical simulation and analysis of the temperature effect on the fission of concrete
Authors: Liu Guangcheng
Published: May 2019

In order to further improve the crack resistance of concrete engineering, a numerical simulation method is constructed to study the effect of temperature on the fission of concrete. Based on the finite element method, the mathematical model is constructed, and the numerical calculation and image display are used to simulate and analyze the engineering problems. The temperature sensor is used to observe the whole variation law of typical temperature field, and the temperature of concrete entering and pouring is obtained. Thus, the temperature control real-time automatic acquisition system is set up. According to the temperature field and temperature stress distribution rules, the ideal temperature control curve model of concrete is proposed. Finally, the numerical calculation and experiment of the model are carried out. The results show that the maximum surface stress level decreases in varying degrees after different surface insulation measures are taken, and if the thermal insulation material?s ? ? 10 kJ/m2h?, the maximum surface stress of concrete can be reduced to 0.06~0.14 MPa. In this paper, it is shown that the negative effect of the large diurnal temperature difference on concrete surface insulation can be controlled.
Erratum
Authors: Editorial E
Published: May 2019

In the article by Nemanja V. Majstorovic, Srdjan P. Zivkovic, Branislav R.
Glisic. Dental arch monitoring by splines fitting error during orthodontic
treatment using 3D digital models. Vojnosanit Pregle 2019; 76(3):233-240
(https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP161212067M), the two first authors (Nemanja V.
Majstorovic and Srdjan P. Zivkovic) have equal value. The list of the
authors should have read: 1Nemanja V. Majstorovic, 1Srdjan P. Zivkovic,
Branislav R. Glisic.

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/VSP161212067M
Dynamic analysis of the efficiency of research and development systems of South-European countries
Authors: Mimovic Predrag , Krstic Ana , Jaksic Milena
Published: May 2019

The non-parametric deterministic procedure of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure and compare relative efficiency of research and development (R/D) activities in nine South-European countries in the period 2007-2016 is applied in this paper. To that end, we made a corresponding DEA model with nine decision-making units, two inputs and two outputs, selected by correlation analysis. The obtained results, i.e., relative R/D efficiency, were subject to correlation analysis in the context of the achieved average gross domestic product growth rate of the observed decision-making units, which showed that there was no strong correlation between those two variables at the level of the observed national economies.
Practical Guidance on Effective Basal Insulin Titration for Primary Care Providers
Authors: Kuritzky Louis , Reid Timothy S. , Wysham Carol H.
Published: May 2019

IN BRIEF Basal insulin therapy is well established for glycemic control in patients with diabetes but often is not optimally implemented, leading to poor clinical outcomes and adherence. Primary care providers can and should work together with other members of the diabetes care team to allow for effective titration of basal insulin that involves patients and their caregivers. Adequate guidance and monitoring during the titration process can minimize some of the adverse effects caused by basal insulin administration, while improving glycemic control in a timely manner.
Community Primary Care Diabetes Pathway
Authors: Hoober Maria , Pennock Jennifer
Published: May 2019

IN BRIEF “Quality Improvement Success Stories” are published by the American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the American College of Physicians, Inc., and the National Diabetes Education Program. This series is intended to highlight best practices and strategies from programs and clinics that have successfully improved the quality of care for people with diabetes or related conditions. Each article in the series is reviewed and follows a standard format developed by the editors of Clinical Diabetes. The following article describes an initiative to provide more intensive diabetes care and support in a primary care setting and thereby improve patients’ glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control, as well as BMI and psychosocial well-being.
Computational Analysis of Effects of Location of the Diverter Plate and Inlet Velocity on the Efficiency of Two-Phase Flow Separator
Authors: YAYLA Sedat , KAMAL Karwan , BAYRAKTAR Seyfettin
Published: May 2019

Two-phase horizontal gravity separators are generally

used in the petroleum industry for gas and liquid separation. There are several

studies in the relevant literature that reports various methods to determine

the optimum diameter and length of the separator. Although the diverter plate

is used to increase the separation speed, there is not any exact approach for

specifying the appropriate location of the diverter plate on the inlet pipe. In

the present study, the main volume of the separator is defined for a particular

amount of mixture of oil and gas. Effects of the location of the diverter plate

and inlet velocity on the separation efficiency are investigated for three

locations of the diverter plate (100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm) and four different inlet

velocities (0,25 m/s, 0,5 m/s, 0,75 m/s, 1 m/s) by means of computational fluid

dynamics (CFD) method. Two-phase, three-dimensional (3D) and fully turbulent

flow simulations reveal that the highest separation efficiency is obtained as

99% when the straight diverter plate is 200 mm far away from the top inlet and

the inlet velocity is 0,25 m/s.
Sistema de pulsioximetría y capnografía para dispositivos móviles Android
Authors: Gómez García Carlos Andrés , Velasco Medina Jaime
Published: May 2019

ervisión del estado respiratorio del paciente. Este artículo presenta el diseño de un sistema de oximetría de pulso y capnografía que tiene como unidad de procesamiento un chip programable de señales mixtas denominado PSoC (Programable-System-On-Chip), el cual  incorpora bloques análogos y digitales configurables, permitiendo que la adecuación de las señales suministradas por los sensores y el procesamiento digital de señales se lleve a cabo en el mismo chip. Se realizó una aplicación en Android para la visualización  y registro de las señales biomédicas en una base de datos local, compatible con dispositivos móviles con conectividad wifi. El sistema fue verificado usando un simulador de SpO2 (Saturación parcial de oxígeno), que permitió la  calibración de frecuencias cardiacas desde 55 BPM (Beats per Minute) a 145 BPM, así como la curva R con valores de 75% a 100% de SpO2. Se encontró que el error de medición de la frecuencia cardiaca es 1,81%,  y 1.33% para la SPO2.Abstract ─ Constant monitoring of oxygen saturation level and CO2 production is vital for monitoring the patient's respiratory status. This paper presents the design of a pulse-oximetric and capnographic system, which core consists of a mixed signal programmable chip, PSoC (Programmable-System-On-Chip), which incorporates a whole analog and digital configurable block system, in order to adequate and process the signals from the sensors all in a single chip. An Android application was also developed, which can display biomedical signals in mobile devices with wireless connectivity, as well as to store information from these signals in a local user database. The microsystem was verified using a SpO2 (oxygen partial saturation) simulator, and heart rates of 55 BPM to 145 BPM were calibrated, as well as the R curve with values of 75% to 100% SpO2. The heart rate measurement error found is 1,81% and 1,33% for the SpO2.Resumo ─ O monitoramento constante do nível de saturação de oxigênio e produção de CO2 é fundamental para monitorar o estado respiratório do paciente. Este artigo apresenta o projeto de um sistema de oximetria de pulso e capnografia cuja unidade de processamento um chips de sinal misto programável chamado PSoC (Programmable-System-On-Chip), o qual incorpora blocos analógicos e digitais  configuráveis, permitindo a adaptação dos sinais fornecidos pelos sensores e o processamento digital de sinais será executada no mesmo chip. Foi realizada una aplicação Android para visualização e gravação de sinais biomédicos em um banco de dados local, compatível com dispositivos móveis com conectividade sem fio. O sistema foi testado usando um simulador de SpO2 (saturação de oxigênio parcial), permitindo a calibração da freqüência cardíaca de 55 BPM (batidas por minuto) a 145 BPM, assim como a curva R com valores de 75% a 100% SpO2. Verificou-se que o erro de medição do ritmo cardíaco é 1,81% e 1,33% para o SPO2.
PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PERUBAHAN SIFAT BENDA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA MELALUI METODE EKSPERIMEN
Authors: Aprilia Aprilia
Published: May 2019

This study aims: to find out how to apply the experimental method in science subjects and to findout the improvement of students' understanding of the concept of changes in the nature of objectsusing the experimental method in fifth grade students of 164 Kaluku Elementary School,Sukamaju District, North Luwu District. This research is a classroom action research conductedin class V SDN 164 Kaluku District Sukamaju North Luwu district. Data collection techniques inthis study are tests, interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was performedusing qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that: (1) With the application of theexperimental methods of class V students it was easier to understand material changes in thenature of objects in science learning; (2) By using the experimental method in the learningprocess which is carried out in stages, 2 cycles experience a significant increase where students'understanding of learning in cycle 1 is still categorized as "sufficient" with an average of 62 andlearning mastery by 40% increases in cycle 2 by category "Very good" and on average 84, with85% learning mastery. Thus the experimental method can be used as a reference in scienceteaching activities in elementary schools. Especially material changes in the nature of objects.
PENDEKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Thalib Abd.
Published: May 2019

This research is a classroom action research. This research was carried out at Ma’arif MakassarVocational School. This study involved class X students with a total of 30 students. the purposeof this study was to improve the learning outcomes of Indonesian language for students of classX Ma’arif Makassar Vocational High School. This study uses 2 cycles with each one cycle of 3meetings. Based on the implementation of learning and discussion of the influence of theprocess skills approach in class X. So the authors can conclude that efforts to improve learningoutcomes and student involvement in the learning process in Indonesian subjects can be donewith active learning. The results of this study prove that the process skills approach is able toincrease student activity and involvement in the learning process and also improve studentlearning outcomes.