bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contemporary ethno-demographical processes in the regions of Siberia and the Russia’s Far East
Authors:   the Dostoevskiy Omsk State University, Smirnova T.B.
Published: December 2020

The article touches upon the changes that happened in the demographical years. Asian Russia – is 77% of the territory of our country and just 25% of its population. Low population density and spotted allocation of population on this extremely tremendous territory are the problems that have been formed historically. In the imperial Russia and in the Soviet Union these problems were solved and the population of eastern regions of the country increased steadily. A demographical switch took place after the breakup of the Soviet Union. The population decreased by 2.2 million people between the population censuses of 1989 and 2010. The shifts in distribution of population and changes in ethnic composition of regions occurred. Despite various development programs, the share of residents of the Russia’s Far East and in general the Far North and the equal-status regions diminished most significantly. The share of the Russians decreased in national republics. In order to study these massive processes a net community of scientists, experts working in the fields of migration, history and ethnology, was established. The community was formed under the scope of the project “Ethno-demographical processes in the Asian Russia: contemporary state, expectations and risks”. The experts work in 12 regions of the Urals federal district (Sverdlovsk, Tyumen and the Chelyabinsk region), the Siberian federal district (the Krasnoyarsk territory, the Republic of Altai, the Omsk and Novosibirsk regions) and the Far-Eastern federal district (The Republic of Buryatia, the Republic of the Sakha (Yakutia), the Khabarovsk territory, the Primorsk territory, the Chukotka autonomous district). Sociological surveys of population, including students, were held in every region in 2020. The surveys were based on the common program. Migration situation, causes and grounds of migrations were evaluated. It seems to be important to analyze ethno-demographical processes at the point of holding the Russian Census.
Features of modern migration processes in the Northern Far-East of Russia (Chukchi version)
Authors:   the North-Eastern Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute of N.A. Shilo, the Far-Eastern branch, the Russian Academy of Sciences, the History and Economics Laboratory, Kolomiets O.P.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the modern migration processes in the Chukotka autonomous region. The source base of this study is statistical materials, published results of the expert and mass surveys among the population conducted in 2018, 2019, 2020 in the cities and villages of the region. The paper presents comparative analysis of the migration situation in the ChAR in different years, identifies the features of the migration processes occurring in the Far North-East of Russia, characterizes the migration attitudes and attitudes towards the migrants of different groups of the region's population.The study identifies the reasons for rapid outflow of the residents of the ChAR in the early 1990th, changes in the structure of the population, including the ethnic one, and describes the current migration situation. High rates of internal migration are the main characteristic feature of the northern territories. During the times of economic growth, there is an increase in migration, in the times of crisis - an intensive decline in the population. Chukotka is characterized by such factors restraining migration as the unfavorable climate, high cost of the air tickets, high cost of the renting housing, and especially payroll. Chukotka is a territory of regulated entry for the foreign citizens, which largely constrains the flow of foreign labor migrants. The results of the polls among the residents of the region show that a significant part of the respondents is generally neutral towards Russian and foreign labor migrants; in general, the population understands the importance of the influx of qualified personnel for the development of the region. The main problem of the demographic development of the PrJSC is the migration outflow, which continues against the background of natural population growth. Currently, the region is experiencing negative dynamics of migration processes.
Correlation of decentralization and economic growth in the regions of Russia
Authors:   Chelyabinsk Branch of RANEPA, Korotina N. Yu.
Published: December 2020

The understanding the processes of decentralization of the economy in a federal state as one of the possible sources of economic development. This understanding requires the revision of the implications that the formation and implementation of a policy of relations between the federal center and the regions entails. The goal of our present research is to develop an approach that will help assess the impact of the nature of relations between the federal center and the regions on economic growth. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study is formed by a set of scientific concepts in the field of economic federalism and spatial analysis. Basing on the index method (by determining the values of decentralization of regional incomes and expenditures) and the implementation of positioning, an assessment was made of the relationship between decentralization and economic growth by such a resulting parameter of the development of the territory as the “growth rate of the gross regional product” and the parameter characterizing the development of federalism relations in the country as “the level of economic decentralization”. According of the calculations we prove there is a positive effect of decentralization processes on regional economic growth in the analyzed time interval. There is a greater impact on the processes of decentralization of the indicator of income decentralization compared to the decentralization of expenses. The results of our research can be used in the work of federal authorities in the formation of the regional component of federalism policy. It seems the proposed approach can basis of research related to the determination of the main directions of relations between regions and municipalities.
Assessment of the state of the heat economy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors:   the Federal research centre “The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Darbasov V. R. , Solomonov M. Р. ,   the Federal research centre “The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”
Published: December 2020

The article assesses the state of the heat economy of the Northern region. The purpose of the article is to reveal the reasons for chronic backwardness of the region's industry from the average Russian indicators. To achieve the goal, solved the following problems: the features of heat economy in the North, analyzes the housing development, production and consumption of heat energy, as the sources of heat energy and heat networks, and also reforms in the heat economy of the region, based on which conclusions on assessment of the heat economy of the region. In recent years, there has been a twofold decrease in the rate of renewal of fixed assets of the heat economy against the norm, low rates of introduction of the resource-saving technologies in the heat economy, and in general, in the housing and communal services of the region. The level of marginal balance of supply and demand in the heat energy market is determined. The article is written to correct the decisions of the Federal and regional Executive authorities in terms of ensuring the reliability of heat economy of the Northern region.
Employment and elderly citizens’ readiness for training in the context of digitalization: state, problems, prospects
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Kasyanova Tatiana , Voronina Lyudmila ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In the structure of the population of Russia, the proportion of older people is increasing, but the duration of the economically active working life of this age category is less than in some European countries. Many elderly Russians having an active life position want and can work. Most of them have a high level of professional education and qualifications, experience, and yet many are not in demand on the labor market, because they do not have enough digital skills. The purpose of this article is to study the situation with employing elderly citizens, identify factors that determine successful mastering information and digital technologies on the bases of the results of retraining and advanced training. Methods. The authors of the article analyze the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the Russian Federation’s constituent entities (national programs and projects), study the content of the government bodies’ websites, including public employment departments, educational organizations, statistical data are used to assess the state of senior citizens’ employment and education, the authors carry out an empirical study with a survey. Scientific novelty of the study. The authors identify factors that affect the elderly citizens’ employment in industries where digital technologies are actively introduced; point out the factors that positively impact successful elderly citizens’ education. It has been proved that in order to obtain a positive learning outcome, not only the legal and organizational conditions created by the state are required, but also the presence of an educational strategy among the elderly people themselves, an element of which is the development of information and digital technologies. The results of the study make it possible to realize the main problems that hinder employment and training, as well as to predict some trends regarding the position of older people in the new realities of the digital economy.
Collective portrait of the leaders of regional branches of parliamentary political parties (on the example of the subjects of the Ural Federal District)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Mukhametov Ruslan
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In the political science literature, there are several main approaches that explain the weakness of the political parties’ institution in Russia. These concepts point to reasons that are outside political parties. This study attempts to link the low status of political parties in Russia with the quality of party top management, in particular, with the parties’ regional leaders (United Russia, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, the Liberal Democratic Party and A Just Russia). The purpose of the study is to create a collective portrait of the heads of regional branches of parliamentary political parties. Methods. The identification of elites in this work is carried out within the framework of the positional approach. The main method for collecting and analyzing data is the biographical approach. Scientific novelty. An additional explanatory model of the weakness of political parties’ institution in Russia is proposed - the quality of party leadership. The factors influencing the internal party processes are considered. Results. A comparative analysis of the social and professional characteristics of the leaders of the parties’ regional branches, as well as their career trajectories is carried out. The average statistical portrait of the regional leaders of parliamentary parties is revealed. Conclusions. The head of the party’s regional branch is a middle-aged man with a higher technical education who has not served in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and is a native of the deputy corps or the business community.
ECONOMIA E RELIGIOSIDADE: UMA REVISÃO DO ESTADO DA ARTE (2000 – 2019)
Authors: Murtinho Max Nunes
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o estado da arte da pesquisa sobre religiosidade e economia, revisando e analisando os artigos mais citados publicados entre 2000 e 2019. Para tanto, utilizou-se no artigo, os métodos da pesquisa bibliométrica e bibliográfica. Os resultados mostram que o interesse pela capacidade da religião impactar o crescimento econômico e o desenvolvimento econômico continua elevado. Há sempre muito cuidado nas interpretações de resultados empíricos, na qual raramente algum autor vai além do conceito de associação ou correlação em suas considerações. O debate sobre a validade da tese weberiana não ficou de fora da pesquisa de alto impacto. Parece se confirmar a capacidade da ética protestante em influenciar tanto o crescimento econômico, quanto atitudes que favorecem a produtividade, como a educação, por exemplo. Além disso, a pesquisa recente sobre religiosidade apresenta forte caráter microanalítica e baixa solidez teórica, quase não havendo esforços na construção de modelos teóricos.
Zadania diagnostyczne kuratora sądowego – teoria i praktyka
Authors: Wojnarska Anna , Korona Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Artykuł prezentuje konteksty teoretyczne współczesnych podejść do diagnozy resocjalizacyjnej – od diagnozy nozologicznej do ujęć akcentujących aktywność badanego inspirowanych koncepcjami humanistycznymi. Scharakteryzowano aktualne zadania diagnostyczne kuratora sądowego w  obszarze oczekiwań, możliwości realizacji i  warsztatu. Dokonano również krytycznego przeglądu technik szacowania ryzyka przestępczości, zwracając uwagę na zakres ich wykorzystania i  ograniczenia metodologiczne. Zaproponowano również kierunki dalszych poszukiwań dotyczące ekonomicznych i rzetelnych technik diagnostycznych użytecznych w praktyce kuratora sądowego.
Miejsce neuronauki w pedagogice resocjalizacyjnej
Authors: Lewandowska Aleksandra Joanna
Published: December 2020

Niniejsza praca ma na celu odnalezienie w pedagogice resocjalizacyjnej miejsca dla wykorzystania badań neuronaukowych poprzez odkrycie ich znaczenia w procesie resocjalizacji. Na początku przytoczono kilka rozważań teoretycznych na temat biologii jako podstawy dla funkcji psychicznych i behawioralnych człowieka. Następnie przedstawiono obszary pedagogiki, w  których zaczęto w  ostatnich latach podkreślać znaczenie badań neuronaukowych. W  kolejnej części zwrócono uwagę na dyskusję w  literaturze dotyczącą przedmiotu zainteresowania resocjalizacji. Następnie przeanalizowano literaturę oraz neuronaukowe badania empiryczne, w których zauważono pośrednie i bezpośrednie związki między neuronauką a resocjalizacją. W  końcu dokonano próby umiejscowienia neurobiologii na pograniczu działów pedagogiki oraz przedstawiono konkluzję na temat użyteczności badań neuronaukowych dla celów poznawczych i terapeutycznych.
Bezpieczeństwo skazanych kobiet w jednostkach penitencjarnych
Authors: Toroń-Fórmanek Barbara
Published: December 2020

Bezpieczeństwo jest jedną z najważniejszych potrzeb jakie człowiek musi sobie zapewnić. Zostało to dobrze ujęte w teorii hierarchii potrzeb A. Maslowa. Sam termin bezpieczeństwa jest definiowany na gruncie nauk o bezpieczeństwie. Pojęcie Human Security dotyczy poziomu bezpieczeństwa każdej osoby. Właśnie pod tym względem może być rozpatrywanyw naukach społecznych, w tym również na płaszczyźnie resocjalizacji. Z tego względu bezpieczeństwo dotyczy takich kwestii, jak: socjalizacja, kontrola społeczna, które to bezpośredniowpływają na proces zmian dokonywanych w okresie odbywania kary pozbawienia wolności. Badania własne dotyczące poczucia stopnia bezpieczeństwa wśród kobiet przebywającychw zakładzie karnym łamią powszechnie występujący stereotyp, że w placówkach penitencjarnych często dochodzi do aktów przemocy. W przypadku wielu kobiet takie uczucie zachodzipo raz pierwszy, co wiąże się z deprywacją tej potrzeby w codziennym życiu. Wzmocnienie poczucia bezpieczeństwa w placówkach poprzez edukację oraz motywowanie i kontrolowanie funkcjonariuszy straży więziennej powoduje, że przeprowadzony proces resocjalizacji (w niektórych przypadkach socjalizacji), prowadzi do wytworzenia się potrzeby bezpieczeństwawśród kobiet odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności. Przedstawione ujęcie poruszanych kwestii odbywa się na polu nauk o resocjalizacji, chociaż w licznych przypadkach posługujesię terminami wywodzącymi się z nauk o bezpieczeństwie.
Obraz macierzyństwa uwięzionych kobiet a ich wczesnosocjalizacyjne doświadczenia życia rodzinnego
Authors: Matysiak-Błaszczyk Agata
Published: December 2020

Osadzanie przestępczych kobiet wraz z ich małoletnimi dziećmi w polskiej zinstytucjonalizowanej praktyce punitywnej, mimo jej zaawansowanej już historii, budzi w dalszymciągu mniej lub bardziej zasadne wątpliwości co do jej walorów resocjalizacyjnych dla osadzonych kobiet i konsekwencji socjalizacyjnych ponoszonych przez ich małoletnie dzieci przebywające kilka lat w środowisku więziennym wraz z matkami. Nie jest to środowisko dla matek i ich dzieci identyczne, nie jest ono nawet uciążliwe w sensie doświadczania przez nie owych restrykcyjnych warunków, wszakże czynione w tych warunkach w zasadzie godne akceptacji starania opiekuńcze i socjalizacyjne nie zawsze skutkują pomyślnie dla nich w fazie postpenitencjarnej. W niniejszym artykule autorka podejmuje próbę ukazania owych warunków, a zwłaszcza dokonuje charakterystyki przebywających w nich kobiet – aktywnie spełniających wobec swoich dzieci funkcje macierzyńskie w trakcie pobytu w zakładzie karnym i zbyt często tylko w tym czasie i w tych warunkach.
OS CORPOS COMO ESCALA E ATOR POLÍTICO NA PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO: O CASO DA CRISE HIPOTECÁRIA DA ESPANHA
Authors: Da Silva Falcão Márcia Ivana
Published: December 2020

Corpo como escala e como ator político é o objeto dessa reflexão. Nasce da latência contida na leitura da literatura do caso da crise das hipotecas da Espanha e os conflitos sociais dela decorrentes. Não pauta esse texto o compromisso de arrolar argumentos para defender a emergência dos corpos como objeto da análise geográfica, tema que vem sendo amplamente discutido na Geografia brasileira (SILVA et al, 2019, NUNES, 2014, FRANCISCA et al, 2016). O que há é o compromisso de compartilhar o quão pulsante têm sido os corpos no contexto da crise hipotecária espanhola e sua decorrentes lutas sociais. E com isso, instigar para a necessidade da sensibilidade reflexiva e atenção metodológica e teórica para os corpos como objeto privilegiado para acessar e visibilizar a dimensão do vivido na análise sócio-espacial (LEFEBVRE, 2013, SOUZA, 2013). Junto com o referencial do campo teórico da Geografia Cultural e das teorias feministas em Geografia, sustenta o argumento dos corpos como atores políticos a teoria da ação política plural, de Hanna Arendt conforme abordagem de Judith Butler(2018).
A DONA DA TERRA: JUPIRA DO TOMBENCI, SUAS CABOCLAS, SEUS CABOCLOS
Authors: Rodrigues Marinho , Goldman Marcio
Published: December 2020

Este texto é a introdução de um pequeno livro, a ser publicado em breve, elaborado a partir das imagens obtidas na grande festa para os caboclos do Terreiro Matamba Tombenci Neto, em Ilhéus, na Bahia, realizada em setembro de 2019, quando também foi reinaugurada a cabana de sua cabocla principal, a Cabocla Jupira. Combinadas com fotografias mais antigas (algumas da década de 1940!), as imagens obtidas nessa festa homenageiam as caboclas, caboclos e encantados em geral e, mais particularmente, todas e todos que escolheram o Terreiro e suas filhas e filhos como sua morada. Algumas dessas fotografias foram reproduzidas ao final do texto.
DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO CABOCLO: APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Flaksman Clara , Rabelo Miriam
Published: December 2020

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ENTRE A DANAÇÃO E A GLÓRIA: O MINISTÉRIO FLORDELIS E O PROBLEMA DA OIKONOMIA CRISTÃ
Authors: Cortês Mariana Magalhães Pinto
Published: December 2020

O presente texto estabelece um diálogo com o artigo “Fazendo política em outros Congressos: tramas religiosas, práticas midiáticas e a estética da política nas periferias urbanas do Rio de Janeiro” de Carly Machado. As práticas missionárias realizadas pelo Ministério Flordelis implodiram as fronteiras da “igreja”, pois as dinâmicas pentecostais da região metropolitana do Rio de janeiro operadas em torno das categorias “ministérios” e “congressos” ultrapassam o lócus doutrinal e institucional da denominação. Este texto apresenta a hipótese de que o uso das noções de “ministério” e “congresso” não representa uma apropriação do político pelo religioso, mas indica exatamente o oposto. Eles são termos da esfera política que revelam uma “assinatura”, conceitos que se apresentam de forma “secularizada”, mas que carregam o segredo do seu pertencimento à esfera teológica, na forma de uma oikonomia cristã.
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Authors: Dullo Eduardo , Jungbeck Barbara
Published: December 2020

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Repetitive 1.6 ATA hyperbaric oxygen therapy for bilateral ARCO Stage II steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors:   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Chinese PLA General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing, China, Li Hang , Bai Xuedong ,   Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing, China, Pan Shuyi ,   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Chinese PLA General Hospital-Sixth Medical Center, Beijing, China
Published: December 2020

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on the early stages of steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) of the femoral head. Since high HBO2 pressure (e.g., 2.4-2.5 atmospheres absolute/ATA) has been commonly considered to have a greater ability to restore tissue oxygenation in the femoral head than low pressure (e.g., 1.6 ATA), the latter HBO2 protocol is rarely used for SAON treatment. In this paper, we present the case of a 36-year-old female diagnosed with bilateral early stage (Association for Research on Osseous Circulation, ARCO stage II) SAON caused by steroid therapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Because the patient could not endure high HBO2 pressures, the treatment pressure was adjusted to 1.6 ATA, which was the highest pressure the patient could withstand. After 20 treatment sessions, her symptoms were relieved significantly. Her visual analog score (VAS: using a 0-10 score) decreased from 7 to 2, and after 50 treatment sessions her symptoms disappeared almost completely. A significant improvement was also observed radiologically by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. This case study provides a potential HBO2 treatment protocol with reduced pressure for early-stage femoral head necrosis. Further research is needed to validate this finding and explore the potential mechanism of HBO2 on SAON.
Decompression sickness responsive to delayed treatment with hyperbaric oxygen: a case report of two divers
Authors:   Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan U.S., Inman Amy L. , Sorrell Lana P. ,   Medical Services Department, Divers Alert Network, Durham, North Carolina U.S., Lagina Anthony T. ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Hyperbaric and Wound Care, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan U.S.
Published: December 2020

With the increasing popularity of recreational scuba diving, rare complications are becoming more commonly encountered. Although diving is generally safe, novice divers may be unfamiliar with the potential hazards of scuba diving and the resulting sequelae. Dive-related injuries are commonly due to barotrauma or from breathing gas at increased pressures, resulting in decompression illness (DCI), a term that includes both decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE). Symptoms can range from minor aches and pains to neurologic or cardiopulmonary complications resulting in death. Clinical symptoms and diagnosis may initially go unrecognized and can present in a delayed manner, often remote to the diving location. When DCI is suspected standard treatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy should be considered immediately. Current literature questions the efficacy of delayed HBO2 therapy longer than 24-48 hours after symptom onset. Here we present a case of two divers who simultaneously experienced DCS and were both successfully treated after receiving delayed HBO2 therapy nearly eight days after initiation of symptoms.
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head: Evaluation of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and quality of life
Authors:   Department of Hyperbaric Medicine Athens Naval Hospital, Greece, Chandrinou Angeliki , Korompeli Anna ,   School of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, Grammatopoulou Eirini ,   School of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy University of West Attica, Greece, Gaitanou Konstantina ,   School of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, Tsoumakas Konstantinos ,   School of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, Fildissis George ,   School of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH) is based on invasive (e.g., core decompression) and non-invasive methods (e.g., hyperbaric oxygen therapy – HBO2). The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effect of HBO2 on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with AVNFH. Methods: This was a prospective observational non-controlled study of patients with AVNFH treated by HBO2. It was conducted, with the use of Steinberg scale, on 73 patients with AVNFH Stage I or II who were treated with HBO2. Patients’ QoL was assessed with EuroQol-5D-5L (EQ), Harris Hip Score (mHHS), MAHORN (MHOT), and VAS, in three different phases: before HBO2; after the completion of the first phase (20 HBO2 sessions, up to two months); and after the completion of the second phase (20 HBO2 sessions, up to two months after the first phase). A reassessment was made on the completion of each phase. Ratings were also made after the completion of each phase, over the first five months of follow-up. Results: All 73 patients (67.1% males, 32.9% females, mean age: 40.34, SD ± 9.99) participated in the study. Steinberg scale, mean EQ (F (1, 57) = 25.18, η2 = .306 and F (1, 43) = 43.402, η2 = .502); mHHS (F (1, 61) = 67.13, η2 = .524) and F (1, 43) = 31.84, η2 = .425); MHOT (F (1, 61) = 11.68, η2 = .161) and F (1, 43) = 98.01, η2 = .695); and VAS (F (1, 53) = 24.11, η2 = .313) and F (1, 39) = 45.61, η2 = .539), improved between the first and second measurements and between the second and third measurement accordingly (p < .01). Conclusions: HBO2 treatment does not induce alteration of quality of life and is well tolerated and accepted by patients.
Executive summary: Secondary analyses of DoD-sponsored studies examining hyperbaric oxygen for persistent post-concussive symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury
Authors:   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S., Hart Brett B. , Weaver Lindell K. ,   Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S.,   Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S., Wilson Steffanie H. ,   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S., Lindblad Anne S. ,   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S., Churchill Susan ,   Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S., Deru Kayla ,   Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S.
Published: December 2020

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the United States (U.S.), with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reporting approximately 2.8 million TBI-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths in 2012 [1]. For those under 45 years of age, TBI is the number one cause of disability and mortality worldwide [2]. Within military populations TBI remains especially problematic. While the incidence of TBI in the U.S. military peaked in 2011, Department of Defense personnel continue to experience approximately 18,000 new cases each year, with 383,473 total cases between 2000 and the first quarter of 2018 [3]. Eighty-two percent of these injuries were classified as mild TBI (mTBI) [3].
Reference ranges and stability of auditory and vestibular measures in a comprehensive assessment battery for traumatic brain injury
Authors:   Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico U.S., Meehan Anna , Lewandowski Andrew ,   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S., Deru Kayla ,   Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S., Hebert Donald ,   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S., Weaver Lindell K. ,   Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S.,   Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S.
Published: December 2020

Background: Audiology clinics have many tools available to evaluate auditory and vestibular complaints. However, many tools lack established normative ranges across the life span. We conducted this study to establish reference ranges across the life span for audiology/ vestibular measures commonly used to evaluate patients with traumatic brain injury. Materials and Methods: In this repeated measures study, 75 adults, ages 18-65 years, without a history of traumatic brain injury, underwent robust auditory/vestibular evaluations three times over six months, including rotational chair, videonystagmography, computerized dynamic posturography, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, and retinal fundoscopy. Results: Age effect was notable for transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, pure-tone audiometry, auditory brainstem response, auditory middle latency response, and auditory-steady state response at 4000 hertz (Hz). Older participants (50-65 years) were more likely to have delayed latency horizontal saccades, positional nystagmus, slowed lower-extremity motor control responses, and delayed latency ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials. Low to mid-frequency horizontal (0.003-4 Hz) and mid-frequency vertical (1-3 Hz) vestibulo-ocular reflex, otolith-mediated reflexes, dynamic visual acuity and balance measures were generally not influenced by age. Females had larger static subjective visual testing offset angles, longer cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential P1 latency, faster velocity horizontal saccades, and quicker motor control latency for large backward translations than age-matched males. Conclusion: These reference ranges can be used to discern impairment within the auditory and vestibular pathway following traumatic brain injury in young to middle-aged adults.
Hidden hearing deficits in military service members with persistent post concussive symptoms
Authors:   Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico U.S., Meehan Anna , Hebert Donald ,   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S., Deru Kayla ,   Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S., Weaver Lindell K. ,   Division of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S.,   Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Individuals with persistent symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) often have auditory complaints. In this study, we used the auditory brainstem response (ABR) to determine whether cochlear synaptopathy could explain auditory symptoms. Methods: 69 adult military service members with mTBI and 25 adults without brain injury (NCT01611194 and NCT01925963) completed pure-tone audiometry, ABR, and central auditory processing tests. All participants were male, ages 21-50. Results: 37/69 mTBI participants had measurable hearing loss, while another 20-30% had hearing complaints or tinnitus. While mTBI participants with measurable hearing loss had reduced wave I and III amplitude and decreased III-V interpeak latency, those with no measurable hearing loss did not significantly differ from controls on any ABR parameter. Those with measurable hearing loss were also more likely to have abnormal central auditory processing. mTBI participants with no measurable hearing loss but who reported hearing concerns had some ABR findings (III-V interpeak latency, I and V amplitudes, V/I amplitude ratio) more like the measurable hearing loss mTBI group than normative controls. Conclusion: Cochlear synaptopathy may have contributed to some of the auditory impairment in service members with mTBI with measurable hearing loss. However, these results are likely confounded by cochlear hair cell damage.
Uji Potensi Nefropati Diabetes Daun Sirih Merah (Piper croatum Ruiz & Pav) pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Tandi Joni , Lalu Rizaldy , Magfirah  , Kenta Yunlis Silintowe , Nobertson Ronaldy
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the type of secondary metabolite compounds in red betel leaf ethanol extract, the potential of red betel leaf ethanol extract on blood glucose, creatinine, and urea levels of male white rats induced by streptozotocin. This study used 30 white male rats which were divided into 6 groups: normal control, negative control, positive control, the dose of 150, 250, and 350 mg/kg BW. The showed that results ethanol extract of red betel leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and tannins. Ethanol extract of red betel leaf at a dose of 150 mg /kg BW is an effective dose in reducing levels glucose blood with an average value of decreased blood glucose levels of 238.25 mg/dL, and has an effect on creatinine and ureum, with an average dose of 350 mg/kg BW with a mean creatinine level of 0.64 mg/dL and mean ureum of 39.68 mg/dL.

Keywords: Creatinine, ureum, red betel leaf, streptozotocin
USE OF ENSEMBLE METHODS FOR SURVIVAL PREDICTION
Authors: ŞENTÜRK ACAR Aslıhan , ATA TUTKUN Nihal
Published: December 2020

Cox regression model is used for modelling censored data to investigate the association between the survival time and covariates. It is important to assess the fit of Cox regression model since it has a key assumption called proportional hazards. Violation of this assumption induces an invalid model and changes the interpretation of the results. When the objective is the risk prediction, various machine learning methods can be good alternatives to Cox regression model due to their flexible structure. In this study, Turkish breast cancer data set is used to compare the predictive performance of Cox regression model and ensemble machine learning methods. Integrated Brier score is used to measure the predictive performance of candidate models. Based on case study results, machine learning methods are promising alternatives for survival prediction.
Waste-Free Animal Agriculture that Co-Produces Biogas Energy and Organic Fertilizer: A Holistic Approach
Authors: Shih Jason
Published: December 2020

A novel anaerobic digester system called Holistic DigesterTM System
(HDS) was developed. The pilot prototype was constructed and tested
twice (4 months each) at the NCSU Field Laboratory for raising 60 feeder
pigs to market age for each test. The structure and operation of HDS,
the performance of live animal growth, chemical analyses of biogas and
the resulting digestate, and the production of a potential organic
fertilizer, are presented in this communication. It was concluded that:
1) this operation demonstrated the feasibility of HDS with live animals
on farm; 2) daily biogas (approximately 50% methane) was produced
consistently during each of the two studies; 3) animals grew well in the
modified house with a pit for manure slurry collection. The weight gain
of the pigs and feed conversion rate met the top 25% of the industrial
average; and 4) the liquid digestate of the primary digester flowed into
the secondary digester preloaded with dry switchgrass, which absorbed
the liquid and incubated into a final product. Chemical analysis
indicated that NPK values were retained and enriched in the final
product, potentially, an organic fertilizer. The new prototype HDS that
co-produces biogas and organic fertilizer was successfully tested and,
furthermore, HDS left no waste nor wastewater on farm. It is believed
that HDS will not only improve the cyclic bioeconomy, but also enforce
the environmental and economic sustainability of animal agriculture.
Analysis of tissue PLA2R efficacy in evaluating the prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy in the background of different serum anti-PLA2R levels
Authors: Sun Yuemeng , Lan Ping , Feng Jie , Wang Zhigang , Liu Chao , Li Yan , Xie Liyi , Yu Xiaoyang
Published: December 2020

Objective To verify serum PLA2R antibody and glomerular PLA2R antigen
expression in membranous nephropathy as well as to explore their
relationship with clinical presentation and disease prognosis. Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 155 patients clinical figures who were
diagnosed with primary membranous nephropathy by kidney biopsy. Patients
were divided into 6 groups according to their serum PLA2R antibody or
glomerular PLA2R antigen positiveness and the level of serum PLA2R
antibody titer. Both clinical features and pathological characteristics
were recorded, and remission rate as well as time to response were
compared among groups. Correlation between clinical figures and titer of
PLA2R antibody or semi-quantity of PLA2R antigen were detected. Results
Among patients with positive serum PLA2R antibody and tissue PLA2R
antigen, higher baseline PLA2R antibody levels were associated with
lower remission rate and longer remission time. A positive correlation
between time to partial remission and serum PLA2R antibody titer was
found. Among patients with serum PLA2R antibody titer <150U/L,
there were shorter remission time in negative tissue PLA2R antigen group
compared with positive tissue PLA2R antigen, and a positive correlation
between time to complete remission and semi-quantity of tissue PLA2R
antigen was found. Conclusion Both glomerular PLA2R antigen and serum
PLA2R antibody play a role in disease presentation and prognosis in
primary membranous nephropathy. Glomerular PLA2R antigen has a major
role on disease prognosis when serum PLA2R antibody titer is less than
150U/L, while serum PLA2R antibody has predominant role in MN prognosis
when serum PLA2R antibody titer is above 150 U/L.
EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS ABOUT COVID-19 AMONG CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Kazaz Seher Nazlı , Yıldırım Atila
Published: December 2020

Background COVID-19 pandemic is experienced intensely in our country
like others. The presence of cancer in the patients is associated with
morbidity and mortality in the course of COVID-19 disease. In this
study, we aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude and
behaivours regarding coronavirus disease in cancer patients. Methods
This study is a single-center study which consists of 220 cancer
patients who treated in our clinic. A questionnaire which consisted of
three parts measuring the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours among
cancer patients about COVID-19 was completed by each patient
face-to-face during June, 2020. Results Most patients were familiar with
the general information on COVID-19. Most cancer patients were aware of
the symptoms of COVID-19 and that they were at greater risk. In 50% of
the patients participating in the survey, it was observed that the
covid-19 outbreak did not thought delaying cancer treatments. Half of
the cancer patients who didn’t receive active cancer treatment preferred
to have control tests performed at the time deemed appropriate by their
doctors during the pandemic. 38.6% of them wanted to have control
examinations done on the scheduled time. All of the patients wore masks
when going out during the outbreak. Nearly all of the participants
(99%) washed their hands to prevent contamination. 95% of the
participants paid attention to social distance with other people.
Contributors in the questionnaire with higher educational level had
significantly higher knowledge mean scores compared to those with
others. Conclusion In general, cancer patients are conscious about
pandemic. They move with high compliance with their doctors in this
period. Since COVID-19 infection is more severe in cancer patients, it
is very important to evaluate these parameters to increase their
knowledge and to correct their incomplete or incorrect information about
this disease.
Clinical features and imaging manifestations of retinoblastoma with hepatic metastasis
Authors: Gu Huali , Huang Dongsheng , Wang Zhuo , Zhang Yi , Zhang ling , Hu Hui-Min , Zhang Pinwei , Zhou Yan , Yi You , Han Siyu
Published: December 2020

Background: Hepatic metastasis from retinoblastoma (RB) is rare. We
evaluated clinical features, imaging manifestations, treatment, and
prognosis in these patients. Procedure: Clinical data of five patients
diagnosed with hepatic metastases of RB at the Department of Pediatrics
in Beijing Tongren Hospital between January 2009 and January 2019 were
analyzed retrospectively. Results: Two patients had bilateral lesions,
while three had unilateral lesions. Among the seven eyes with lesions,
six and one were classified as stage E and C, respectively
(International Integrated Reporting Council staging). On computed
tomography (CT), low-density foci were observed (three, multiple foci
and two, single foci). After chemotherapy, tumor regression was observed
in four patients, while there was no response in one patient. Three
patients who underwent enucleation were at high risk for extensive
choroidal invasion. All patients had severe disease with multiple system
involvement, including central nervous system (CNS) and bone metastases.
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels
were significantly elevated in all patients; after treatment, they
decreased in four patients and remained unchanged in one patient with
end-stage disease. Two patients died, with survival durations of 1 and 3
months following the diagnosis of hepatic metastasis. Three patients
survived and continued treatment. Conclusion: Hepatic metastasis from RB
is rare and usually occurs with CNS and bone metastases. On CT, hepatic
foci could be indicated by low-density lesions with calcification.
Chemotherapy could be effective for hepatic metastases. The prognosis of
these patients is poor; however, hepatic metastasis is not a direct
cause of death.
Tagging of RPS9 as a tool for ribosome purification and identification of ribosome-associated proteins
Authors: Jovanovic Bogdan , Schubert Lisa , Poetz Fabian , Stoecklin Georg
Published: December 2020

Ribosomes, the catalytic machinery required for protein synthesis, are comprised of 4 ribosomal RNAs and about 80 ribosomal proteins in mammals. Ribosomes further interact with numerous associated factors that regulate their biogenesis and function. As mutations of ribosomal proteins and ribosome-associated proteins cause many diseases, it is important to develop tools by which ribosomes can be purified efficiently and with high specificity. Here, we designed a method to purify ribosomes from human cell lines by C-terminally tagging human RPS9, a protein of the small ribosomal subunit. The tag consists of a flag peptide and a streptavidin-binding peptide (SBP) separated by the tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease cleavage site. We demonstrate that RPS9-Flag-TEV-SBP (FTS) is efficiently incorporated into the ribosome without interfering with regular protein synthesis. Using HeLa-GFP-G3BP1 cells stably expressing RPS9-FTS or, as a negative control, mCherry-FTS, we show that complete ribosomes as well as numerous ribosome-associated proteins are efficiently and specifically purified following pull-down of RPS9-FTS using streptavidin beads. This tool will be helpful for the characterization of human ribosome heterogeneity, post-translational modifications of ribosomal proteins, and changes in ribosome-associated factors after exposing human cells to different stimuli and conditions.
Cognitive ability and motor performances in the elderly
Authors: Jovanovic Stevan , Stojanovic-Jovanovic Biljana , Pavlovic Aleksandra , Milosevic Radovan , Pavlovic Dragan
Published: December 2020

Background/Aim. Aging entails a wide range of cognitive processes that are not independent of one another. It leads to changes in physical-motor characteristics and sometimes to disability. The aim of this study was to examine the association between multiple cognitive performances in elderly subjects and their physical-motor abilities. Method. The study included 98 elderly participants (60+) (16 males and 82 females). Cognitive abilities were assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)/Serbian version, and physical measures were assessed by the Senior Fitness Test with its five subtests, supplemented by the Walking Speed Test. Results. Several MoCA items demonstrated relatively low variability, i.e., they proved to be too easy for most of the participants. The participants exhibited the lowest performance on the memory relating to other domains, followed by executive functions, visuospatial skills, attention, concentration, and working memory domains, with the highest performance on temporal and spatial orientation relating to other domains. Executive functions and language correlated most significantly with physical strength. Agility and dynamic balance, lower- and upper-body strength, and aerobic endurance correlated moderately and positively. Conclusion. This study underlines the positive correlation between physical fitness and cognitive level in the elderly and emphasizes the importance of physical fitness for cognitive functions, especially those of executive type in elderly subjects. Clinicians should consider the association between cognitive function and physical-motor performances when dealing with functioning improvement in the elderly. The importance of designing the most efficient exercise pro-grams to achieve maximal somatic and cognitive effects is emphasized.
‘Living in Sick Europe is Spiritually More Interesting than in Healthy and Well-fed America’: A.V. Kartashev’s Letters to E.I. Novitskii, 1948–1951
Authors: Antoshchenko Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2020

This publication includes letters from Anton V. Kartashev, a renowned historian, a professor at St. Sergius Orthodox Theological Institute (Institut de théologie orthodoxe Saint-Serge) in Paris, sent to his friend Evgenii I. Novitskii, who had moved from France to the USA not long before. In the introduction, the publisher describes the context, in which the letters were written, which makes it possible to better understand their meaning and value as a historical source. The letters characterize Anton Kartashev’s attitude of towards the idea of reuniting Russian Orthodox parishes in emigration, which were under the jurisdiction of different church organizations. The historian considered it possible to unite them under the seniority of Metropolitan Anastasii (Gribanovskii) and under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Constantinople but doubted the fulfilment of this possibility due to the accumulated canonical contradictions. Particular attention is paid to the relations between the Russian Exarchate in Western Europe and the Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church in the United States, as well as the possibility of educating graduates of St. Tikhon’s Theological Seminary (Pennsylvania) at the institute. In addition to the information about the persons and events mentioned in the correspondence, the commentary includes fragments from letters of the historian’s wife, Pavla P. Kartasheva, which reveal the nuances of what was sometimes only briefly reported by her husband. Among the latter there are the demarcation between the generations of “fathers” and “sons” at the institute, which led to the departure of young professors to America, and the trip of the Kartashevs to Italy.