bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Sumberdaya Manusia Dalam Pendidikan
Authors: HS Muhammad Fakhri , Anwar US Kasful , Shalahudin Shalahudin
Published: June 2024

Sumber daya manusia (SDM) memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam setiap kegiatan pada suatu lembaga termasuk lembaga pendidikan. SDM harus dapat dikelola atau dimanage dengan baik sesuai dengan fungsinya supaya sumber daya manusia SDM ini dapat berperan sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsinya pada lembaga yang digelutinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisis konsep dan praktik manajemen sumber daya manusia (SDM) dalam konteks pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yang melibatkan pengumpulan dan analisis literatur yang relevan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai pendekatan dan strategi dalam manajemen SDM di lembaga pendidikan. Sumber data terdiri dari dua yaitu sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Prosedur pengumpulan data terdiri dari identifikasi literatur dan seleksi literatur. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan sumber daya manusia merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam proses pendidikan secara umum. Oleh karena itu fungsi-fungsi dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia harus dilaksanakan secara optimal sehingga kebutuhan yang menyangkut tujuan individu, organisasi/lembaga, organisasi ataupun kelembagaan dapat tercapai. Disamping itu dengan prosedur pengelolaan sumber daya manusia yang baik diharapkan kekurangan dan problem yang dihadapi oleh bangsa Indonesia, yaitu terkait dengan kemampuan daya saing dapat teratasi.
Suggestopedia to Improve Students’ Ability in Retelling Short Stories
Authors: Yan Na  , Nurhayati  , Sri Indrawati
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the suggestopedia method on students' capacity to retell short tale passages. The research method adopted was quasi-experimental. Students in class IX at Maitreyawira Middle School in Palembang served as the research subjects. The study included two classes: 27 students in the control class and 27 students in the experimental class. The research findings revealed that the average experimental score during the pretest was 65.93, but the average posttest score was 87.85. Meanwhile, the research findings revealed that the control class had an average pretest score of 68.15 and an average posttest score of 80.96. The Independent Samples Test yielded a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Thus, Ha claimed that the suggestopedia method influenced students' ability to retell short story texts.
Analysis and Prediction of Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Stock Prices Using Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Algorithm
Authors: Handharu Sworo Tatas , Hermawan Arief
Published: June 2024

Stock investment is now a popular choice for many individuals and business entities. To optimize profits in investing, a deep understanding of price movements, timing, and accurate predictions in trading is required. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm, a type of neural network suitable for time series data such as stock prices, can recognize complex temporal patterns in financial data. This algorithm has the potential to help investors and financial analysts predict BBRI stock prices more accurately. The purpose of this research is to predict the closing price of BBRI stock using the LSTM algorithm. This system can also conduct technical analysis with various indicators to understand the characteristics of the financial market. The research data includes BBRI stock prices from January 2006 to the present, with closing prices as the main variable. The research results show good model performance with a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.000279, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.0133, and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.0167 on the training data. This reflects the model's level of accuracy against the training data. Although there is a slight increase in the validation data, these values remain within an acceptable level, indicating the model's ability to recognize data patterns that have not been seen before.
Teacher Attitudes Towards World Englishes at Tertiary Level
Authors: Oğuzhan Merve , Eyyüp Yaşar KÜRÜM
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the perceptions and attitudes of English teachers at the tertiary level about World Englishes, utilizing a qualitative-methods approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 14 teachers. The findings reveal that the majority of teachers view English as a crucial tool for global communication and professional development. Many teachers emphasize the significance of English in their professional lives, highlighting its role in teaching and connecting with the academic community. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of effective teaching skills over nativeness and flexibility in language use. Most teachers feel more comfortable speaking English with non-native speakers, citing familiarity and a non-judgmental environment. The preference for native teachers in teaching pronunciation and speaking skills is also noted. Overall, the study highlights the dynamic and inclusive nature of English as a global language and its multifaceted role in various aspects of life. These insights contribute to the understanding of English language teaching and the evolving perceptions of English in a globalized world.
The Investigation of Motivation Roles Amid Career Development and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Adi Agung Nugroho , Fithriana Noora
Published: June 2024

This study examines the role of motivation as a moderator between career development and job satisfaction. Career development is crucial to job satisfaction, and motivation is believed to strengthen this relationship. This quantitative research employed a survey involving 85 respondents from Kediri Civil Servants in 2021. To ensure the validity and reliability of the data, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted using KMO and Bartlett’s tests, and reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha. The classical assumption tests included the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality, the Glejser test for heteroscedasticity, and the multicollinearity test. Moderation Regression Analysis was utilized to identify the types of moderators involved in the relationship between career development and job satisfaction. The findings indicate that motivation is a pure moderator, fully moderating the relationship between career development and job satisfaction. This suggests that motivation is an intervening variable and a significant determinant in enhancing job satisfaction through career development. The study provides practical implications for organizations to consider the importance of motivation in career development programs to boost employee job satisfaction. It is recommended that further research be conducted with more respondents and in various organizational contexts to obtain more comprehensive and generalizable results.
Perlunya Penguatan Peran dan Fungsi Komisi Yudisial dalam Membangun Peradilan yang Bersih dan Berwibawa.
Authors: Mahayoni Mahayoni
Published: June 2024

Law enforcement in Indonesia is still far from the expectations of all parties. The capture of the law enforcement agencies such as lawyers, prosecutors, judges, by the Corruption Eradication Commission or KPK is a fact which shows the weakness of the legal system in Indonesia that has not touched the sense of justice. This can also be an iceberg. That is indeed a violation or crime committed by law enforcement actually be much more that has not been revealed. But the efforts of various parties such as NGOs NGOs that fight for justice laws that could answer the sense of justice in society should be appreciated.

Justice in the field of law is not come by itself but must be fought by all parties. The establishment of institutions that provide surveillance from the Police Commission, the Prosecutorial Commission and the Judicial Commission is something that should be appreciated. However, people are still waiting for this role to the maximum watchdog agency. The fact shows the role of supervisory institutions is only to observe, provide feedback, report to the media and has not appeared any decisive action monitoring results of the independent supervisory commission.

This situation is more worrying seizure or tug their authority on the independent commission commission. In this study, the authors highlight the tug of the role of the Judicial Commission in charge of Justice. Candidate recruitment problems and forth between the judges into the judicial authority or the Judicial Commission. The authority was invited there any laws regarding the recruitment of judges sued by Indonesian Judge Association. This means that if the prospective judges are not recruited correctly from the beginning and just rely on the connection, kinship likely to judge who are the guardians of justice last very likely filled by people who have no competence. If this situation is allowed then people's expectations so that the law can touch the sense of justice for the community is still far and should be pursued. 
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBELI APARTEMEN ATAS TINDAKAN WANPRESTASI PENGEMBANG
Authors: Muntiasih Muntiasih
Published: June 2024

Based on Law Number 20 of 2011 concerning Flats, the marketing of flats has been carried out before the construction of flats is carried out. Such sale and purchase of apartment units is done by ordering in advance the unit to be purchased, then poured in the preliminary agreement in the form of an order confirmation proof which is then registered with the Notary (Waarmerking) office. So when construction of flats began, there were already many consumers who bought the apartment. The author in this thesis wants to examine and analyze further whether the Flats Booking Confirmation waarmerking can provide legal certainty for consumers and how is the form of legal protection for consumers if the developer defaults before the Sale and Purchase Agreement is made. The research method used is normative legal research, namely legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary legal material while in searching for and collecting data is done with two approaches, namely the legal approach and the conceptual approach.The results of the study show that the apartment booking confirmation letter made by the developer and waarmerking by a Notary has the power of proof as long as the parties acknowledge it or there is no denial from either party or in other words have imperfect proof power. If the order confirmation letter for the flats is used as evidence, then in the evidence in the court, later it will require other evidence and witnesses to prove the truth. In the sale and purchase of flats between developers and consumers, the developer's responsibility can be seen since the issuance of brochure flats offering by developers. Brochures issued by the developer can also be used as a basis for claims for consumers who feel disadvantaged because of the lack of facilities promised in the brochure.
SANKSI HUKUM BAGI KEPALA DAERAH YANG TERBUKTI MELAKUKAN PERZINAHAN
Authors: Donandi S Sujana
Published: June 2024

Adultery conducted by The Head of a Region (The Head) occurs legal consequences for the head. Then , how are the legal sanction for The Head that has been proven commit to adultery? Considering there are 2 presence legal subjects namely natural person and incumbency attached to the one who act as The Head, so, how would the imposition of sanctions against The Head be? This research attempts to described how are the implementation of legal sanction that can be given to The Head proven doing adultery. This is a Normative Legal research that try to examine the implementation of legal sanvtion to The Head who been proven commit to adultery using literatures and legislation as source of analysis. The results show that The Head that has been proven commit to adultery could be sentenced with maximum 9 months in prison sanction based on article 284 KUHP and administrative sanctions of dismissal from the position based on the Act no. 23 2014 Concern on local government .
PROBLEM OF LAND OWNERSHIP CERTIFICATES AS LEGAL PROOF OF OWNERSHIP
Authors: Debora Frina , Manalu Icha Jesika , Muhajir Muhajir , Bagaskara Pasquale Roy , Tiofan Rodia Musdalifah , Febrian Samuel
Published: June 2024

Agrarian is the natural resource that humans need most, as a place to live and develop land resources. This development aims to achieve shared prosperity. maintain collective order and guarantee every community's rights in every region. So it is necessary to regulate in law a policy that determines land ownership according to the rights of each individual. Because if it is not regulated it will cause problems in social life. Because of this, the government passed legislation regulating the significance of land ownership as attested to by a Certificate of Ownership or Letter of Ownership (SHM). The government hopes that with SHM, every person who owns land or buildings (certain objects) can have their ownership rights guaranteed in compliance with relevant laws and regulations. Thus, if there is a struggle for property rights, it can be proven by the existence of SHM. Based on Law No. 5 of 1960 and Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 emphasizes the crucial role of land ownership certificates as legal proof of ownership. This contributes to legal certainty, protection, and justice in the context of land ownership and transactions.

Keywords: Problematic, Freehold Title, Land, Evidence, Ownership, Legal.
Investigating the Impact of Information Distortions on the Resilience of Land-sea Transport Chains Under Business-environment Instability Conditions
Authors: Semenov Iouri , Filina-Dawidowicz Ludmiła , Durczak Wojciech
Published: June 2024

Possessing reliable information is the basis for making accurate decisions when planning land-sea transport chains. Modern transport chains create increasingly complicated networks, which affect the decisions made when planning these chains. It should be noted, however, that information distortions may arise at individual stages of the transport process within complex transport chains. The article aims to examine the sources of hazards and risks occurring in land-sea transport chains, to determine the information distortion indicators that may be processed by transport and logistics industry enterprises under conditions of business environment instability, as well as to determine the levels of these chains' resilience to possible information distortions. The article presents the selected types of managerial decision errors. An approach to assessing the impact of distorted information on the decision-making process has been proposed. Information distortion indicators processed by transport and logistics industry enterprises in conditions of business-environment instability were also identified. An attempt was made to determine the possible levels of resilience of these chains to the symptoms of business-environment instability. It was found that, depending on the degree of distortion of the information used by the manager, their decision may be erroneous to a varying degree, while the degree of managerial decisions' incorrectness can be assessed by the number of decision-making cycles required to make and implement an effective decision.
Decolonial Archival Futures, by Krista McCracken and Skylee-Storm Hogan-Stacey (2023)
Authors: Han Yingying
Published: June 2024

Book review for Decolonial Archival Futures, by Krista McCracken and Skylee-Storm Hogan-Stacey (2023).
Content and Method of Studying Minority Traditional Villages and Dwellings Based on Cultural Geography
Authors: DING Chuanbiao , XIAO Dawei
Published: June 2024

It is of great significance to strengthen the research on minority traditional villages and dwellings for maintaining ethnic multicultural ecology and promoting the revitalization of rural culture. In ethnic minority villages and houses the urgency of the research and protection, this paper discusses the cultural geography for the applicability of the ethnic minority villages and residential research, from the cultural ecology, cultural diffusion, regionalization and integration, culture and landscape, space and place, the respect such as comprehensive mechanism illustrates the traditional residence in ethnic minority villages and cultural geography research content and the advantage. This paper probes into the methods of cultural geography to reveal the characteristic cultural connotation of minority traditional villages, which lays a foundation for deepening disciplinary research and protecting minority villages. Taking Yao nationality as an example, this paper puts forward the framework of minority villages and dwellings research, aiming to further promote the breadth and depth of minority villages and dwellings research.
Cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação à pessoa com pneumonia: estudo de caso
Authors: Lobo Alexandra , Vieira João , Ferreira Rogério
Published: June 2024

Introdução: A pneumonia é uma doença onde ocorre a inflamação do parênquima de um ou ambos os pulmões. É um dos principais motivos de internamento por doença respiratória e caracteriza-se por um padrão restritivo, onde há diminuição na capacidade do volume inspirado. O tratamento da pneumonia é sintomático e/ou farmacológico, em função dos agentes envolvidos, e deve ser complementado com a realização de exercícios de Reeducação Funcional Respiratória para otimizar a ventilação, prevenir e corrigir as alterações posturais, permeabilizar a via aérea e reduzir o trabalho respiratório.
Objetivo: Identificar o contributo de um programa de Reeducação Funcional Respiratória dirigido à pessoa com pneumonia.
Método: Estudo de Caso que respeita as guidelines Case REport. Foi implementado um programa de Enfermagem de Reabilitação dirigido aos diagnósticos identificados consoante os objetivos previstos e das necessidades identificadas na avaliação inicial da pessoa cuidada.
Resultados: As técnicas de Reeducação Funcional Respiratória utilizadas permitiram a redução da sintomatologia associada à pneumonia, a melhoria da capacidade de exercício e da capacidade funcional, com um posterior aumento da participação nas atividades de vida diárias e consequentemente, uma melhoria da qualidade de vida.
Conclusão: O programa de Enfermagem de Reabilitação implementado contribuiu para a melhoria da função respiratória e da funcionalidade da pessoa com doença respiratória aguda.
El principio de celeridad procesal en el proceso de ejecución
Authors: Argüello Cabrera Pauleth Alexandra
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. El principio de celeridad procesal en el proceso de ejecución busca garantizar una rápida y eficiente ejecución de las sentencias judiciales o de otros títulos. En definitiva, asegura la pronta satisfacción de los derechos de las partes involucradas. OBJETIVO. En Ecuador, se pretende investigar la práctica de este principio según lo establecido en el Código Orgánico General de Procesos, con el objetivo de asegurar la pronta resolución de litigios relacionados con la ejecución y evitar demoras que afecten el acceso a la justicia y los derechos de las partes. La presente investigación se propone indagar a fondo sobre este principio, cuyo propósito primordial radica en asegurar la pronta resolución de los litigios vinculados a la ejecución. MÉTODO. Para el desarrollo del presente trabajo se empleó una revisión bibliográfica, descriptiva, para describir el tema planteado. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. La descripción detallada del procedimiento de ejecución en el COGEP revela un enfoque orientado a garantizar que las decisiones judiciales se ejecuten de manera ágil y efectiva, evitando dilaciones innecesarias que puedan afectar los derechos de las partes involucradas. Esta disposición refleja la voluntad del legislador de promover un sistema judicial eficiente que responda a las necesidades de la sociedad ecuatoriana.
60 anos depois
Authors: Queiroz Fábio José Cavalcanti de , Lourenço Eilane Régia Duarte
Published: June 2024

O debate proposto neste artigo tem como fio condutor o golpe de Estado de 1964, no Brasil, e, mais especificamente, as controvérsias à sua volta, tendo em conta os 60 anos que nos separam desse acontecimento, no qual os militares, o empresariado e os seus partidários substituíram a democracia política por uma autocracia. Toda discussão repousa em uma reflexão historiográfica na qual um dos anéis da cadeia é a crítica ao revisionismo que se apoderou dos debates e das interpretações acerca desse período. Em suma, trata-se não só de um estudo das responsabilidades dos militares e da burguesia nos fatos históricos de seis décadas atrás, mas de uma crítica teórica e historiográfica aos esbulhos revisionistas.
COMPARISON OF 3-D AND STANDARD MINIPLATES FIXATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ANGLE FRACTURE OF THE MANDIBLE
Authors: Pir Uzair , Khattak Hira Bashir , Muhammad Sohail  , Shah Syed Ayaz Ali , Khan Ahmad , Zaman Raham , Khan Sertaj , Saifullah
Published: June 2024

Objectives: To compare the effi cacy of the 3-D and standard miniplates fi xation in the managementof angle fracture of the mandible.Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted from 20th December 2020 to 20th June 2021 at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex Mardan. A total 336 patients between the age of 18-60 years from both the genders reporting with mandibular fractures were selected for the study through non- probability consecutive sampling and were randomized in to 2 equal groups of 168 patients each through blind balloting. In group-A, fi xation was done using 3-D titanium plates while in Group-B 2 mm titanium miniplates were used. The primary outcome was set as the diff erence in mean operation time and mean pain post-operative pain score between the 2 groups at 2 weeks follow up.Results: The age range was 18-60 years Mean±SD 31.178±7.86 years. Mean duration of fracture was 84.696±15.38 hour while weight was 65.059±11.97 Kg. Male and female were 78.6% and 21.4% respectively. The mean duration of operation was signifi cantly less with 3-D titanium plates compared to standard miniplate (15.791±1.49 min. Vs 17.690±1.28 min. respectively, p=0.00). The difference between the 2 groups regarding post-operative pain score was not statistically significant as assessed on VAS at 2 weeks follow up visit (1.571±0.49 vs 1.589±0.49 respectively, p-value=0.736).Conclusion: 3-D plate provides the advantage over standard miniplate especially in terms of less operation time in the management of angle fracture at the mandible.
Early Miscarriage of Unwanted Pregnancy After Radioiodine Ablation in a Patient with Graves’ Disease: Case Report
Authors: Zerin Fariha , Mahmud Sujon , Jannat Md Sifat Meftaul , Akter Yeasmin , Hasan Bahalul , Chowdhury Md Sunny Anam
Published: June 2024

Graves. disease in females of childbearing age is common. Radioiodine therapy (RAIT) is a definitive treatment for such a condition. The effect of radiation on germ cells and iatrogenic hypothyroidism following radioiodine therapy may cause a bad pregnancy outcome. We present an unfortunate case of miscarriage of early pregnancy in 7th gestational weeks following 7 months of RAIT and an approach to the clinical question .How to manage Graves. disease with RAIT in women of childbearing potential.. Maintenance of an adequate interval and achieving euthyroid status after RAI ablation in Graves. disease in patients willing to conceive can reduce the risk of miscarriage and assure a good pregnancy outcome.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 201-203, 2023
Genetic Mutation Analysis in Patients with Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Konika Tasnia Kawsar , Sultana Sadia , Madhuri Sharmin Rahman , Zohra Fatema Tuz , Jabin Prianka , Roy Sutanu , Purveen Rejuana , Anar Ashrafi
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Congenial hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common inborn endocrine disorders in Bangladesh. Genetic mutation is one of the major causes of CH, which can lead to an absent, hypoplastic, or ectopic thyroid gland or defects in the hormone synthesis pathway. The purpose of this study is genetic mutation analysis in terms of mutations in different genes in already-diagnosed patients with CH who are attending Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS) from July 2016 to June 2017. A total of 27 diagnosed patients with CH from 24 unrelated families were included. All laboratory procedures were conducted at the Institute for Developing Science and Health Initiatives (ideSHi). Blood samples were used for DNA extraction. Conventional PCR was done for DNA amplification. Direct sequencing of specific regions of PCR products was done. BLAST was used for mutation analysis, and the data were presented as numbers and percentages. Results: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to see the most commonly found mutations in the TPO, TSHR, and PAX8 genes in diagnosed cases of congenital hypothyroidism. Out of a total of 27 patients, eight had dysgenesis, and 19 had dyshormonogenesis. A total of four TPO gene mutations, namely, 1117G > T, 1193G > C, 2145 C > T, and 2173A > C, were found to be involved with dyshormonogenesis. Among the four mutations, 1117G > T and 1193G >C were in exon 8, and they resulted in a change in the amino acid at protein positions 373 (Ala>Ser) and 398 (Ser>Thr). Other two mutations, namely, 2145C>T and 2173A>C, were found in exon 12. Substitution mutation 2145C>T did not change the amino acid proline to another amino acid at position 715. The substitution 2173A>C resulted in 725Thr>Pro. In the TSHR gene, all three mutations, namely, 2181G>C, 2161G>C, and 1523C>T, were found in exon 10. These mutations eventually lead to a change in the primary amino acid sequence of TSHR peptides. The amino acid substitutions that occurred in the TSHR protein were: 727Glu>Asp, 721Val>Leu, and 508Leu>Ser, respectively. Exon 3 of the PAX8 gene was analyzed, and no mutation was found. Conclusion: This study aimed to conduct a genetic analysis on CH, a prevalent inborn endocrine disorder in Bangladesh, to better understand its causes and develop future management strategies.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 115-118, 2023
Analysis of Association Between Basic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients with BRAF Mutation
Authors: Akhter Papia , Begum Fatima , Ferdous Jasmin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The  prognosis  of  papillary  thyroid  carcinoma  (PTC)  depends on the patient's age, gender, tumor size, histological findings,  extrathyroidal  extension,  lymph  node  metastasis,  and  distant  metastasis. Genetic mutations, particularly BRAF (V600E), contribute  to metastatic risk factors. Methodology: This  prospective  cohort  study  was  carried  out  at  the  National  Institute  of  Nuclear  Medicine  and  Allied  Sciences  (NINMAS). A total of 63 patients with PTC after thyroidectomy who  were referred to NINMAS for RAIA were included in this study. All the  necessary information was collected regarding patients (age, sex) and  tumors (size, focality, lymph node involvement, extra-thyroid invasion,  distant metastases,  staging,  and  grading). Clinical  staging  of  thyroid  cancer was classified according  to  the  tumor-node-metastasis  (TNM)  classification of the AJCC 8th edition, 2018. All of them were tested for  the  BRAF  (V600E)  mutation. Any  association  between  aggressive  presentation and BRAF-positive PTC patients was observed. Results: A total of 63 patients, male 25 (39.7%) and female 38 (60.3%),  were  included  in  this  study. Among  them,  23  (36.51%)  were  BRAF  (V600E)  positive,  and  40  (63.49%)  were  negative.  Extrathyroidal  extension, lymphovascular invasion, capsular margin involvement, and  larger tumor size were significantly associated with the BRAF mutation.  No significant association was found with age, histological type, lymph  node involvement, multifocality, tumor staging, or grading. Conclusion: The  study  suggests  that patients with a positive BRAF  mutation may benefit from more intensive management and frequent  follow-up for aggressive presentation and larger tumor size.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 119-123, 2023
The Impact of Smoking on Thyroid Gland Volume, Echotexture, Nodularity and Function: Initial Experience at INMAS, Mitford
Authors: Yasmin Farida , Naznin Afroza , Sharmin Samira , Rahman Hosne Ara
Published: June 2024

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of smoking on thyroid gland volume, echotexture, nodularity, and function. Method: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of ultrasonography at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Mitford, from October 2023 to December 2023. A total of 54 subjects of both sexes were randomly selected who had no known thyroid disorders. Among them, 24 were smokers and 30 were nonsmokers. The Esaote My Lab Ultrasound Machine was used to perform a sonographic examination of the thyroid gland, and the hormonal assay was performed using the RIA method. Result: We found a moderately positive correlation between smoking habit and thyroid gland volume (rs = 0.494, p< 0.01) and smoking duration and thyroid gland volume (rs = 0.478, p< 0.01). No significant correlation was found between smoking habits and thyroid echotexture, nodularity, and function. Conclusion: Smoking presents a statistically significant goitrogenic effect on thyroid gland volume but has no impact on echotexture, nodularity, or function.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 124-128, 2023
Osteoporosis in an Adolescent Female: A Case Report
Authors: Persi Abdullah Al , Muhtasim Muhammad Farhan , Alim Noor E Amrin , Hossain Mohammad Sazzad , Akter Anjuman Ara , Bhattacharjee Pabitra Kumar
Published: June 2024

Osteoporosis constitutes a significant disease burden globally. While this disease has been historically associated with postmenopausal women and elderly men, osteoporosis in younger adults does occur in the setting of chronic disease, medications that affect bone metabolism, and other risk factors. Among those, glucocorticoids are an important risk factor for bone fragility in children or young adults with serious illnesses, largely due to their direct adverse effects on skeletal metabolism. In this report, we present a case of a 16-year-old female diagnosed with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). She had been on prednisolone for more than a year owing to progressive glomerulonephritis with a nephrotic picture. She developed severe low back pain and restricted mobility and sought urgent care. Spine radiographs showed osteoporotic changes, which warranted further investigations including bone mineral densitometry (BMD) by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). BMD revealed a T-score and Z-score of -3.1 at lumbar spine, suggestive of osteoporosis. In light of her medical history and the BMD findings along with a low basal cortisol level, a diagnosis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) was made. She was commenced on Teriparatide, a recombinant human parathyroid hormone analog and subsequently discharged upon regaining ambulation.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 210-214, 2023
Spontaneous Biliary Duct Perforation: Uncommon Diagnosis Using Cholescintigraphy
Authors: Munira Sirajum , Rahman Farzana , Parveen Rumana , Islam Urnas , Sultana Nasreen
Published: June 2024

Spontaneous bile duct perforation causing biliary peritonitis in children is an exceedingly rare occurrence. This condition poses an uncommon and potentially hazardous reason for acute abdominal symptoms. A pre-surgical diagnosis remains a rarity. We present a case of a five-month-old infant displaying gradual fever, jaundice, pale-colored stool, and abdominal distension for 12 days who was referred to NINMAS for a 99mTc-HIDA scan to investigate extrahepatic biliary atresia. The scan unveiled substantial radionuclide activity around the abdominal boundary in 2-hour, 4-hour, and 24-hour views, suggesting abnormal radioactivity in ascitic fluid due to bile leakage. Ultrasonography at NINMAS revealed a contracted gallbladder and moderate ascites. This study reviews and discusses the pathogenesis of this condition.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 215-217, 2023
Age Related Clinical Outcome After Radioiodine Ablation Therapy in Patients of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Lymph Node Metastases
Authors: Ferdous Jasmin , Akhter Papia , Jabin Zeenat , Sarkar Shimul , Sajjad Al Mishal Mohammad , Begum Fatima
Published: June 2024

Cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is frequently observed in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). After thyroidectomy, radioiodine (131I) treatment is advised to destroy any remaining thyroid tissue. It is still unknown how 131I therapy may affect the prognosis of DTC in CLNM patients. Our objectives were to examine the correlation between the ages of diagnosis and the results of 131I administration in individuals with DTC and CLNM and to examine the variables that might have an impact on clinical results. From 2004 to 2010, a total of 290 patients with PTC who received 131I administration following a near total or total thyroidectomy were recruited from the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS) and analyzed retrospectively. The selected patients were divided into two groups according to age: Group A (<18 years) and Group B (>18 years) with the presence of pre- or post-surgical and post-ablative lymph node metastases. The clinical outcomes are categorized as excellent response, indeterminate response and incomplete response. In Group A, out of 31, excellent responses had 16 (51.6%), indeterminate responses had 7 (22.6%), and incomplete responses had 8 (25.6%). In group B, out of 259, excellent responses had 99 (41.4%), indeterminate responses had 101 (42.3%), and incomplete responses had 39 (16.3%). Papillary thyroid cancer lymph node metastases are a potential predictor of prognosis. They are significant for the disease’s recurrence. Compared to adult patients, younger PTC patients with lymph node metastases exhibit a better response.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 133-139, 2023
Pregnancy Outcome and Health Status of The Offsprings of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Who Accidentally Conceived within two years of Radioiodine Therapy
Authors: Chowdhury Md Sunny Anam , Mahmud Sujon , Jerin Faria , Akter Yeasmin , Hasan Bahalul , Awal Md Abdul , Sarmin Suraya , Mamun Md Al , Hossain Md Faruk , Tarannum Nazia , Jannat Md Sifat Meftaul
Published: June 2024

Objectives: To assess the pregnancy outcome and health status of the offspring of women conceived within 2 years of RAI therapy. Study  design: A case control study of 27 pregnant women, where evaluation of pregnancies and health status of offspring in further follow-up were done of 17 cases who got pregnant within 2 years of receiving radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer, and the control group consisted of 10 healthy pregnant women of the same age group without any thyroid disorder. Results: Among 17 cases, 8 (47.0%) were conceived within one year of the administration of I-131. One (5.9%) of 17 patients had hypertensive crisis (pre-eclampsia), and two (11.7%) showed preterm labor, which was not significant and not dependent on the therapeutic dose of 131-I or time interval. The mean birth weight (2972.4 ± 376.7 gm) and birth length (46.1±2.6 cm) of children in the study cases were significantly lower compared to children in the control group (3230 ± 179.5 gm; 49.2 ± 1.1 cm). No congenital anomaly, abnormal thyroid hormone level, or sonographically detectable thyroid gland abnormality were found. The normal neuropsychomotor development of their children and good school performances were assured. There was no case of miscarriage, stillbirth, or neonatal death. All the children are healthy now. Conclusion: Although the study showed that radioiodine therapy has no significant effect on pregnancy outcomes or the health status of offspring, precautions should be taken to avoid risky pregnancies, and patients should be encouraged to conceive after an adequate time interval after therapy.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 140-145, 2023
Black Pigmentation of Tongue Following Radioactive Iodine Therapy: An Interesting & Extremely Rare Case Report
Authors: Hossen Md Sabbir , Jahan Nafisa , Sharmin Ferdous , Jahan Nusrat
Published: June 2024

Radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) is an effective method of treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinomas after a total or near-total thyroidectomy. Common side effects of this therapy are nausea, sialadenitis, dry mouth, etc. Here we present an extremely rare case of black pigmentation of the tongue in a 28-year-old woman following RAIT after a total thyroidectomy due to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), who presented with black discoloration of the dorsal surface of the tongue following the 3rd day of RAIT. Though the cause of discoloration remains unknown and there was a gradual reduction of dark color, a report should be done about this self-limiting, unusual side effect, which appeared to be apparently non-harmful.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 226-228, 2023
Low Parathormone Level After Total Thyroidectomy- Observation of Patient Traits at A Single Institute
Authors: Mou Tuba Ul Zannat , Das Jharna , Hossain Md Nazmul , Uddin S M Nazim , Pervin Ashima , Mazid Md Abdul , Riffat Mehnaz , Muttakin Md Shahriar
Published: June 2024

Objective: Surgical debulking of thyroid and neck lymph nodes is the mainstay of differentiated thyroid cancer treatment, during which parathyroid glands are at risk of either removal or vascular insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and categorize the total thyroidectomy patients with low parathormone (PTH) levels who were referred for radio-iodine ablation therapy. Patients and Methods: Two hundred seventeen differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with or without modified neck dissection between February 2020 and December 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. This was a simple observational study. Post-operative levels of serum PTH and calcium were documented, and statistical analysis was performed. Results: Among 217 patients, post-operative low PTH levels were observed in 51.2% and low serum calcium in 27.6% of total patients. Moreover, 50.7% of total thyroidectomy patients and 52.1% of total thyroidectomy patients with modified neck dissection developed low parathyroid hormone levels. The age group most affected by low PTH levels was 25.34 years old. Furthermore, low serum calcium levels were found in 55% of patients who had a low PTH level. Conclusion:  In this study, the 25.34-year-old age group was more likely to develop a post-operatively low PTH level with female sex predilection.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 146-150, 2023
Post Ablative Hypothyroidism in Hyperthyroid Patients: Single Institute Based Observational Study
Authors: Yasmin Farida , Naznin Afroza , Sharmin Samira , Rahman Hosne Ara
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine the incidence of hypothyroidism after radioactive iodine (131I) ablation of hyperthyroid patients attending the thyroid division of Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Mitford. Method: This retrospective observational study was conducted among hyperthyroid patients of INMAS, Mitford, who received radioiodine therapy between the period of 2019 to 2023. A total of 63 subjects of both sexes were included in this study. Patients who received a second dose of radioiodine as therapy and lost to follow-up were excluded. Patient data were collected from the medical records. Result:  The incidence of post-ablative hypothyroidism within six months was 55.45%. Among them, 1.59% became hypothyroid at one month, and 26.98% became hypothyroid at three and six months respectively. Conclusion: This study showed a high incidence of hypothyroidism within six months of radio-iodine therapy (RAI therapy).
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 151-154, 2023
Radiosynthesis and Quality Control of [18F] PSMA-1007 at the Cyclotron Facility of National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS) for Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Uddin Md Jashim , Anwar Ul Azim Mohammad , Biswasarma Sanchoy Chandra , Islam Md Saiful , Islam Sanjida , Mamun Mustafa , Begum Ferdoushi , Hossain Md Nahid , Mia Md Shohag , Mehdi Hasan , Siddiquee Md Nur E Alam , Kadir Muhtasin
Published: June 2024

Radiolabeled tracers targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have revolutionized PET imaging for prostate cancer diagnosis. Here, we present the inaugural production and quality control assessment of (18F) PSMA-1007 at the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS), Bangladesh. The synthesis, conducted via a one-step procedure, yielded remarkable radiochemical yields (46.85%) with synthesis time 40 minutes. Quality control measures adhered to European Pharmacopoeia standards, enabling clinical deployment across Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT centers in Bangladesh. This pioneering effort marks a significant advancement in prostate cancer imaging within the region.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 198-200, 2023
Association of Thyroid Antibodies with Occurrence of Hypothyroidism after Radio-iodine Therapy in Patients with Graves' Disease Attending a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Chaudhary Amardeep , Jabin Zeenat , Selim Shahjada , Naznin Afroza , Hasan Mizanul
Published: June 2024

Background:  Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoantibody-mediated autoimmune disease caused by direct stimulation of the thyroid epithelial cells. Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody and Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody are among the best-characterized autoantibodies for this pathology. Among different treatment modalities, radioiodine therapy (RAIT) is a proven safe and highly cost-effective therapeutic option, with the frequent side effect of developing hypothyroidism. Serum concentrations of various autoantibodies before and after RAIT may be used to predict the early or late onset of hypothyroidism. Objective:  To measure and statistically analyze the thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) in a group of hyperthyroid patients who did or did not develop early hypothyroidism after RAIT. Patients  and  methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted at the thyroid division of the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, between March 2020 and June 2021. The study population was selected from diagnosed adult Graves. disease patients. A detailed history was taken, and a clinical examination was done for each patient. High-resolution ultrasound of the neck, thyroid scan, radioactive iodine uptake test, FT3, FT4, TSH, TPOAb, and TRAb were done one month before RAIT. After that, all patients were treated with a modified fixed dose of radioiodine (131I) orally. Post-therapy follow-ups were done at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th months after therapy, during which serum FT3, FT4, TSH, TPOAb, and TRAb were estimated. Result: Out of 60 enrolled patients, 54 completed their scheduled visits. They were divided into two groups based on the early (within three months) or late (after three months) occurrence of hypothyroidism after therapy. There was no significant difference observed between the two groups regarding gender, age, duration of disease, or 131I dose. No significant difference was noted between the pre-therapy serum FT3, FT4, and TSH levels of group A and B patients. At the third month, all three parameters were significantly different between the groups. But at 6 months, a significant statistical difference was observed between the groups regarding serum FT3 and TSH but not FT4. The TPOAb was found to be significantly higher in group A before therapy and in each follow-up. However, TRAb was significantly higher in group A only at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: Higher levels of serum TRAb and TPOAb in patients with Graves. disease at diagnosis are closely associated with the occurrence of early hypothyroidism.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 167-171, 2023
Referral Pattern of 99mTechnetium Thyroid Scan Patients with Suspected Subacute Thyroiditis Before and After the Covid-19 Period
Authors: Sarkar Shimul , Bailey Shamsun Nahar , Ferdous Jasmin , Sajjad Al Mishal Mohammad , Begum Fatima
Published: June 2024

Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is a transient inflammatory condition of the thyroid gland, often triggered by viral infections or drug exposure, predominantly affecting females between the ages of 20 and 40. This study is aimed at observing the association between COVID-19, vaccination, and patients presenting symptoms suggestive of SAT using 99mTc-Thyroid scans. A total of 1,935 patients with suspected subacute thyroiditis from 2017 to 2022 were retrospectively assessed based on clinical history, blood parameters, high resolution ultrasound (HRUS) of neck, 131I thyroid uptake, and 99mTc scans. They were classified into three groups: Group I : pre-COVID-19 (2017.2018), Group II: during COVID-19 (2019.2020), and Group III: post-COVID-19 (2021.2022). The hallmark of diagnosing SAT in a sonographically intact thyroid gland is absence of radiotracer concentration in a 99m Tc thyroid scintigraphy. In Group-I, 6.6% (493 out of 7,359), Group-II, 11.34% (568 out of 5,007), and Group-III, 14.23% (874 out of 6,138), patients were reported as SAT. Male to female ratio was 1:1.6 (Group I), 2:1(Group II), and 1.2:1 (Group III), respectively. Other parameters, such as thyroid uptake at 24 hours, were less than 4%, serum TSH levels were low, and FT3 and FT4 levels were in the upper limit of the normal range. The number of suggestive SATs was noticed more in the post-COVID period and after vaccination than in the non-COVID period.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 155-159, 2023
Dosimetric Verification of Computed Tomography (CT) Systems Using CTDI Phantom
Authors: Akter Shirin , Khatun Rajada , Kabir S M Enamul , Monika Ashrafun Nahar , Uddin Md Fakhar , Rahman Md Mahfuzur , Ahasan Mohammad Monjur
Published: June 2024

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging modality that contributes widely over the world for the diagnosis of disease and for treatment planning in the radiotherapy department. The purpose of the study is to measure the accuracy of dose of CT System for quality treatment. Materials  and  Methods: The study was executed in a 16 slice SOMATOM Emotion CT Scanner of Delta Hospital Ltd. with Tube voltage 130 KV and Tube current 25 mA using Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) phantom (CIRS) of MPD, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka. IBA pencil ionization chamber was used to measure the dose at different positions inside the CTDI phantom and data were collected using IBA MagicMax Universal software. The CT radiation doses were estimated using formalisms in the AAPM Report 96 and 111. Results: For the Adult Body Phantom Console displayed dose was 16.03 mGy and estimated dose was found as16.40 mGy. For the Adult Head Phantom, console displayed dose was 32.40 mGy and estimated dose was found as 34.60 mGy. Between the estimated and console displayed doses for Adult Body Phantom and Adult Head Phantom a deviation was realized of 2.3% and 6.8% respectively. Conclusion: Hence CTDI of the above mentioned machine comply with reference value within a tolerance of ± 20 % according to Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 26(2): 172-176, 2023