bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Support Vector Machine Classification Based on Improved Harris Hawk Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Nong Yingxiong , Chen Zhibin , Huang Cong , Zhou Zhaofeng , Pan Jian , Liang Dong , Wei Yi , Li Zhe , Lu Ying
Published: May 2022

Support vector machine (SVM) has good classification effect on small samples and data sets with errors. We propose to improve the Harris Hawk optimization algorithm (HHO) to optimize the SVM to further improve its classification performance. The parameters of the SVM affect its classification accuracy, but there are certain difficulties in the selection of parameters, so the HHO is used to select the optimal parameters of the SVM. The HHO is easy to fall into local optimum and the convergence accuracy is affected to some extent. Chaotic perturbation convergence and nonlinear time-varying updating strategy are introduced to maintain the randomness and diversity of populations in the iterative process of HHO, enhance the search ability, enable the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum, and improve the convergence performance. Through three comparative algorithms tested on six UCI datasets, it is demonstrated that the parameters selected by the improved HHO proposed can lead to better classification accuracy and stability of the SVM.
EEG Signal Classification Based on Neural Network with Depthwise Convolution
Authors: Deng Yifei , Yu Hao , Peng Fuming , Yan Fuwu , Wu Yibo , Yan Lirong
Published: May 2022

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) have attracted a lot of attention recently as it enables people to communicate between the human and the machine by electroencephalography (EEG) signals decoding. EEG signals classification is important for BCI system. Convolution neural network (CNN) can automatically extract features and enhance the classification accuracy. However, limited EEG data easily leads to over-fitting of neural network. In this study, we proposed two novel neural networks (DCNN and DSCNN) based on depthwise convolution for EEG signals classification. The proposed models used depthwise convolution to learn a spatial filter and fuse channels information. And we performed multiple experiments to evaluate the EEG signal classification performance of the proposed CNN models on multiple sets of public datasets. The proposed DCNN method achieved 88.33% and 78.00% on the dataset III and the dataset IV from BCI competition II. The proposed DSCNN method could also achieve very competitive accuracy. In addition, the proposed models exhibited a significant ability in reducing model parameters and mitigating over-fitting.
Research on Mongolian-Chinese Neural Machine Translation Based on CSGAN and Co-training
Authors: Qing-dao-er-ji Ren , Yin Yujuan , Wen Lixia , Sa Heya , Shi Bao
Published: May 2022

Aiming at the problems of poor translation quality and scarcity of Mongolian-Chinese parallel corpus resources in Mongolian-Chinese neural machine translation, this paper proposes a method based on conditional sequence of generative adversarial networks (CSGAN) and collaborative training. This method uses the CSGAN network based on adversarial training to train the translation model and obtains a better translation. At the same time, in order to make full use of the existing corpus resources, a collaborative training method is adopted on the basis of the above translation model to integrate the translation into the translation results of the high-resource corpus, and further improve the performance of Mongolian-Chinese machine translation. By comparing the BLEU values of different translation models, it is shown that using CSGAN-based and collaborative training methods can significantly improve the quality of Mongolian-Chinese translation models.
Correlation between Driving Behavior and Brain Activity during Turning Revealed by a Simulated Driving Experiment
Authors: Zhang Jiawen , Chen Yuan , Cheng Yu , Shi Changcheng , Wu Yibo , Yan Lirong
Published: May 2022

Driving behavior during turning is influenced by the driver’s cognitive state and decision-making ability, which are tightly related with the brain activity, but the relationship mechanism is rather complex and has not been fully studied. In this paper, a fusion analysis method of electroencephalography (EEG) and driving data was proposed to explore this correlation. The subjects were divided into three groups, namely the conservative group, moderate group and the aggressive group by k-means++ algorithm. The results of Statistical Parameter Mapping (SPM) showed that the temporal and the frontal regions of all subjects were found to be activated during turning, which meant that driving behavior was associated with attention, decision-making and executive control. Compared with the moderate group, the activation intensity of the frontal lobe, temporal lobe and the posterior central gyrus of the conservative group was higher, while the intensity of the superior temporal gyrus, calcarine cortex and the lingual gyrus decreased, indicated that they need more resources to process cognitive tasks such as hearing and vision, thereby showing more conservative driving behavior; The aggressive group had stronger activity in the middle temporal gyrus and the inferior temporal gyrus, while the activity decreased in the calcarine cortex, middle frontal gyrus, paracentral lobule, posterior central gyrus and the precuneus, which indicated that they were easy to performed aggressive driving behavior due to their poor risk prediction ability and higher cognitive load during turning.
Resonant spontaneous bremsstrahlung in the scattering of ultrarelativistic electrons on nuclei in a strong light field
Authors: Roshchupkin S. P. , Dubov A.V. , Dubov V. V.
Published: May 2022

An analytical study of the process of resonant spontaneous bremsstrahlung radiation during the scattering of ultrarelativistic electrons with energies by the nuclei in strong laser fields with intensities up to I ∼ 1025 Wcm-2 was carried out. Under resonant conditions, an intermediate electron in the wave field enters the mass shell. As a result, the initial second-order process by the fine structure constant is effectively reduced to two first-order processes: laser-stimulated Compton effect and laser-assisted Mott process. The resonant kinematics for two reaction channels (A and B) is studied in detail. An analytical resonant differential cross-section with simultaneous registration of the frequency and the outgoing angle of a spontaneous gamma-quantum is obtained. It is shown that the resonant differential cross-section has the largest value in the region of average laser fields and can be of the order of ∼ 1018 in units

Z
2

α

r
e
2

. The obtained results reveal new features of spontaneous emission of ultrarelativistic electrons on nuclei in strong laser fields and can be tested at international laser installations.
The Raman and hyper-Raman scatterings of light by LO-phonons in a CdS crystal under excitation near resonance with the An=2and Bn=1exciton levels
Authors: Semenova L E
Published: May 2022

The theoretical treatment of the scattering of light by LO-phonons under one-photon and two-photon excitation near resonance with the An=2and Bn=1exciton levels in a CdS crystal is given. The influence of the complex structure of the top valence band on these levels is taken into account by the use of the perturbation theory. Assumption of the nonzero matrix elements of the dipole transitions between the A and B sub-bands leads to the fact that the linear combinations of the 1s and 2p exciton wave functions conform to the two “perturbed” energy levels. The possible manifestations of this mixing of states in the resonance Raman and hyper-Raman scatterings are considered.
Effects Beyond Center-of-Mass Separability in a Trapped Bosonic Mixture: Exact Results
Authors: Alon O E , Cederbaum L S
Published: May 2022

An exactly solvable model mimicking demixing of two Bose-Einstein condensates at the many-body level of theory is devised. Various properties are expressed in closed form along the demixing pathway and investigated. The connection between the center-of-mass coordinate and in particular the relative center-of-mass coordinate and demixing is explained. The model is also exactly solvable at the mean-field level of theory, allowing thereby comparison between many-body and mean-field properties. Applications are briefly discussed.
Comparison of multimode GRIN-fiber Raman lasers with FBG and random DFB cavity
Authors: Chen Yizhu , Fan Chenchen , Yao Tianfu , Xiao Hu , Xu Jiangming , Leng Jinyong , Zhou Pu , Kuznetsov Alexey G. , Nemov Ilya N. , Wolf Alexey A. , Kablukov Sergey I. , Podivilov Evgeny V. , Babin Sergey A.
Published: May 2022

Raman lasing in multimode GRIN fibers is accompanied by sufficient improvement of the output beam quality in comparison with that for pump radiation, which offers opportunities to wavelength-agile fiber lasers of new type. Here we compare power scaling and brightness enhancement capabilities of Raman laser based on multimode GRIN-fiber of 62.5/125 um core/cladding diameters pumped by ∼700 W multimode source with beam quality M2∼10, performed in two different cavity configurations: 1) linear cavity based on two fiber Bragg gratings and 2) half-open cavity with one FBG and random distributed feedback via Rayleigh backscattering along the GRIN fiber.
Plane Wave Backgrounds in the Worldline Formalism
Authors: Edwards James P. , Schubert Christian
Published: May 2022

Plane-wave backgrounds play a special role in strong-field QED as non-trivial field configuration simple enough to be treated analytically whilst still leading to rich physical consequences. In vacuum and in constant backgrounds, the first quantised, string-inspired “Worldline Approach” to field theoryoffers substantial simplifications and calculational efficiency. We present a new, general approach to incorporating plane wave backgrounds into the Worldline Formalism extending initial work by Ilderton and Torgrimsson. The method uses resummation techniques to take the background into account non-perturbatively and yields “Master Formulae” for scattering amplitudes in the background that may offer an alternative tool to studying QED in plane waves as has been achieved in the constant field case.
Process Parameter Optimization on Selective Laser Melting of CuSn10 Powders Based on Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Zhou Yan , Fang Yuanzhi , Wang Jingwen , Xu Lifeng , Wang Dongsheng
Published: May 2022

A shaping test of CuSn10 powders was carried out by using the selective laser melting (SLM) technology to study influences of process parameters of SLM on compactness of specimens. Meanwhile, process parameters were optimized based on the response surface methodology. Meanwhile, phase composition and microstructure of formed part were analyzed by XRD and OM. Results demonstrated that as the energy density of laser body increases from 146.7 J·mm-3 to 181.3 J·mm-3, pores of samples decrease and the compactness increases from 98.97% to about 99.7%. Subsequently, the compactness begins to decrease with the continuous increase of laser energy density. The incomplete melting of powder under low energy density and gasification of powders under high energy density are major factors that influence the compactness. Over low or high laser energy density is disadvantageous for the improvement of compactness. A mathematical model of interaction between three factors (laser power, laser scanning speed and scanning space) and response value (compactness) was built up by using the BBD principle design test of response surface methodology. The degree of fitting (R2) and correction coefficient (R2
adj) of the model were 0.9952 and 0.9866, which agree well with the fitting degree of experimental tests. Among three factors, influences of laser power and scanning speed on compactness are equivalent and more significant than scanning space. The optimal process parameters which were predicted by the model were laser power=331.471 W, scanning speed=648.045 mm·s-1, scanning space=69.9302 μm. Under this circumstance, the compactness of CuSn10 powders after SLM is 99.75%. According to experimental verification, the practical value of compactness is 99.74%, showing a very small relative error. This proves that the BBD model is reliable. The shaped part is mainly composed of α-Cu phase and metastable phase β’-Cu13.7Sn. Compared with the original powders, the content of metastable phase β’ increases significantly, while the δ-Cu41Sn11 phase disappears.
Influence of roller mounting angle on the spinnability of conical spun parts with thin wall
Authors: Zhao Jinzheng , Xu Chun , Chen Runhao , Li Yu
Published: May 2022

Using self-developed automatic control spinning equipment, the shear spinning process under 20°, 30° and 40°of roller mounting angle was carried out on the thickness of 0.5 mm for 1060 aluminum alloy to study the characteristics of microstructure, wall thickness reduction, wall surface quality defects. The results show that the roller mounting angle obviously affects on the spinnability of conical spun parts with thin wall, however, it hardly affects their microstructure evolution. When the roller mounting angle is 30°, i.e. in other words the optimal mounting angle is equal to the half cone angle of the core mold. And the conical wall height of the conical spun part is the highest, and the thickness of the conical wall is uniform, the surface is smooth, and there is no obvious appearance defect. It is found that whether the roller mounting angle is larger or smaller than the half cone angle of the core mold, it will lead to negative deviation from the spinning, even if it does not reach an increase of 90°, only an increase or decrease of 10°, the conical spinning part soon appears circumferential cracking of the sidewall, and the phenomenon of material accumulation in front of the cracking all appears.
Innovative design of automatic demoulding device for lightweight wall panels
Authors: Chen Jiwen , Li Wenchao , Fang Peng , Ji Shuai , Yang Hongjuan
Published: May 2022

The automatic production of lightweight wallboard is an important support for promoting the development of the construction industry. In view of the problems of low efficiency and large demoulding loss in the production process, an innovative improvement of the demoulding device for lightweight wallboard is proposed. Optimizing the demoulding device for lightweight wall panels by combining a gripping device and a conveying device. The synchronous operation of demoulding of wall panel and mold recovery is realized. For the intermittent transmission of wallboard production, it is proposed to use 51 single-chip microcomputer as the main control chip, and S-curve acceleration and deceleration as the speed control algorithm. The demolding production efficiency of the device is improved, and the demolding loss is reduced. The feasibility and effectiveness of the innovative design of the lightweight wallboard stripping device were verified by finite element analysis of the grabbing device.
Preparation of carbon nanotubes/TiO2-polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites and composite films
Authors: Hui Yang , Jiaqi Zhang , Huan He
Published: May 2022

In this paper, PVDF membrane was discussed, many modified materials were found from the shortage of materials, and finally carbon nanotubes/TiO2 hybrid materials were synthesized. The preparation methods and synthesis conditions of carbon nanotubes/TiO2-polyvinylidene fluoride nano composite ultrafiltration membrane were studied, and the advanced membrane treatment technology was prospected. Secondly, multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Ti02 hybrid materials were synthesized by hydrothermal method and sol-gel method.
Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of composite thermosyphon radiator for CPU cooling
Authors: Ba Cailing , Zhang Wenkai , Xu Haipeng , Liu Yunlong
Published: May 2022

In order to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power CPUs and make data center servers more energy-efficient, this paper studies a composite thermosiphon radiator for 400WCPU. The cooling performance of the composite thermosiphon radiator and the degree of optimization compared with the ordinary heat pipes radiator are studied under different heat source power and different air volume conditions. The results show that the thermal resistance of the composite thermosiphon radiator is the lowest at 400W and it has little dependence on the air volume. Compared with the common heat pipe radiator, condenser has been greatly optimized, the evaporator needs to be further optimized. When the CPU power is 200W, the CPU core temperature is optimized by 6°C. It is estimated that when the CPU power is 400W, the CPU core temperature is slightly higher than the temperature spec.
Effect of Solution Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC16 Titanium Alloy Wire
Authors: Tong Xiaole , Zhang Mingyu , Yu Chenquan , Yue Xu , Wang Raoyu , Dong Xiaofeng
Published: May 2022

TC16 titanium alloy wire was treated by solution treatment, and then the optical microscope, tensile property and impact property tests were used to analyze the microstructure and mechanical properties of TC16 titanium alloy wire after solution treatment. The results show that there are a lot of primary α phase, metastable β phase and α” phase after solution treatment. With the increase of solution temperature, the content of primary α phase decreases to completely disappear and more α” phase is formed. Under the condition of solid solution, the tensile strength decreases with the increase of temperature, while the plasticity changes little with the increase of temperature. The maximum tensile strength is 969 MPa, the maximum yield strength is 572 MPa, the maximum elongation after fracture is 26 %, and the maximum section shrinkage is 59 %. The impact toughness and impact absorption energy increase with the increase of solid solution temperature, and the maximum impact toughness is 90 J/cm2, and the maximum impact absorption energy is 37 J.
Effect of Zr doping on precipitated phase and mechanical properties of NiFeGa alloy
Authors: Wang Mingguang , Gao Yongqiang , Yang Jingfang , Cong Daoyong , Qi Yang
Published: May 2022

The effect of Zr alloying on the precipitates and mechanical properties of magnetic shape memory alloy Ni55Fe12Ga34-xZrx (x=0,2,3,4,5,12 atomic number fraction, the same below) was investigated. The results showed that Ni54Fe12Ga34 alloy is a single martensitic phase with high brittleness. Ni55Fe12Ga34-xZrx (x=2, 3, 4, 5) alloy was composed of γ phase and eutectic structure. The compressive strength of Ni55Fe12Ga34-xZrx alloy increases with the increase of Zr content, which is caused by the precipitation of the second phase and eutectic structure. When Zr content was 12 at.%, the alloy consists of γ phase, eutectic structure and strip phase. Due to the appearance of strip brittle phase, the compression strength of the alloy decreases. With the increase of Zr content, the strip phase increases, and the compression strength decreases gradually. Ni55Fe12Ga34-xZrx series alloys have excellent superelasticity, and the alloy has the best superelasticity when Zr content is 5 at.%.
Research on Speed Regulation performance of switched reluctance Motor based on nonlinear active disturbance rejection
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Sun Ming , Sun Baojiang
Published: May 2022

The state has vigorously advocated new energy electric vehicles in recent years. Compared with other motors, switched reluctance motor has the advantages of superior speed regulation performance, low production cost and strong controllability. However, due to its double salient structure, it is easy to produce magnetic circuit saturation, and its control is non-linear, which is easy to lead to large torque ripple and strong noise. To solve this problem, a control strategy combining active disturbance rejection control and direct torque is proposed to suppress torque ripple. A simulation model is built and calculated with simulation software. At the same time, it is compared with PI control and fuzzy PID control under direct torque control. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out on a 6 / 4 motor. The simulation results also show that the direct torque control strategy based on active disturbance rejection control technology can effectively control the torque and speed of switched reluctance motor.
Failure analysis on weld cracking of a centrifugal fan blade in a nuclear power plant
Authors: Zhang Wei , Hu Minglei , Xu Ke , Xu Zhu , Li Qiuda , Wen Jie , Bian Chunhua
Published: May 2022

Abnormal sound occurred during a centrifugal fan startup in a nuclear power plant and the root welds of two blades of the fan were cracked during the maintenance. In this paper, the failure blade and weld were comprehensively analyzed by means of morphology, composition, hardness, metallography and microstructure. It was found that the T-shaped weld at the blade root was convex and poor forming. The overall welding quality of the weld was poor, and there were the defects of arc pits, slag inclusion holes, composition segregation in the weld. The blade was subjected to typical fatigue stress due to fan vibration during operation. Due to poor forming and poor quality of the weld, the stress concentration factor at the weld toe of the fillet weld was large and the fatigue resistance was poor. Finally, blade fatigue cracking occurred during long-term operation.
Study on Collaborative Planning Method for the Electricity-gas Storage Regional Integrated Energy System
Authors: Yang Yang , Wei Mengju , Liu Zhao , Wang Yongli , Cui Changtao , Qin Yumeng , Zhou Xiangyi
Published: May 2022

In order to fully play the role of electricity and gas storage in the regional integrated energy system, a common planning method for regional integrated storage of electricity and natural gas is proposed. On this basis, mathematical models of energy storage, gas storage, electricity grid, gas grid topology and p2g were created to minimize the costs of expanding energy storage. Finally, based on current project data in Zhejiang Province, the economic benefits of joint planning of the electricity and gas storage system are examined, and the results show that an electric gas storage system can reduce system pressure and optimize equipment selection.
Performance Analysis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Assisted Fiber-based Visible Light Communication System
Authors: Yu Lisu , Liu Chaoliang , Qian Jiajia , Wang Yuhao , Wang Zhenghai
Published: May 2022

Employing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in fiber-based visible light communication (FVLC) can not only enhance the flexibility of visible light communication, but also provide users with sufficient lighting conditions. In the downlink UAV-assisted FVLC (UFVLC) system based on power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA), the outdoor weak-turbulence channel environment is considered in this paper, where the UAV is set as a communication relay. We have analysed the distribution function of received signal and system noise in the actual environment, derived the calculation formulas of noise and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The theoretical bit error rate (BER) expression of the UFVLC system is derived by analysing the influence of UAV and receiver position. Moreover, numerical results demonstrate that the theoretical analysis is consistent with the simulation results, especially in the case of high SNR.
State assessment of 750kV electric energy metering device based on grey theory and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Wang Kun
Published: May 2022

It is necessary to evaluate the operation state of 750kV electric energy metering device to predict stop loss. On the basis of previous studies, the state indexes and evaluation methods of electric energy metering devices are improved: the quantitative state indexes are described by nonlinear mathematical scoring model, the qualitative state indexes are clustered by grey theory, and the state weight of each index is determined based on the improved analytic hierarchy process, Finally, the state evaluation results are obtained with the help of weighted average model and fuzzy mathematics theory. The improved state evaluation strategy is more perfect and practical, and realizes the all-round supervision of the operation state of the electric energy metering device.
Research and Design of Scalable Advanced Application Based on Dual-Core Smart Meter
Authors: Guo Xinglin , Zhang Bensong , Fan Xiaofei , Pan Shenchen , Wu Haowen
Published: May 2022

The dual-core smart meter based on the embedded operating system adopts a new software and hardware architecture design, and is equipped with software and hardware resources suitable for scalable advanced applications, which can support application software to form a unified large-scale market. Based on the software and hardware platform of the dual-core smart meter, this paper designs and implements application management functions suitable for advanced applications, and the design realizes advanced functions such as load identification and contract power purchase. It verifies the powerful software and hardware platform expansion capabilities of the dual-core smart meter. It has laid a certain technical foundation for supporting the construction of next generation of smart meter application ecological market.
Limiting effects in drive bunch beam dynamics in beam-driven accelerators: instability and collective effects
Authors: Simakov E.I. , Andonian G. , Baturin S.S. , Manwani P.
Published: May 2022

In a collinear beam-driven wakefield accelerator, a bunch of
charged particles is accelerated by a strong electric field that is
generated in a medium by a preceding high-charge drive
bunch. Multiple beam-driven acceleration concepts have been proposed
and demonstrated in proof-of-principle experiments. In some
concepts, the medium is plasma where very strong electric fields are
created due to the motion of ions and electrons with respect to each
other. In other configurations, the medium is a slow-wave
electromagnetic structure made of dielectric and/or metal, and high
gradients are achieved due to the very short duration of the
electromagnetic pulse excited in the structure by the drive
bunch. Because of the high charge, and consequently long length of
the drive bunch, wakefields excited by the leading particles of the
drive bunch affect the trailing particles in the same bunch and
result in beam-driven instabilities obstructing the drive bunch's
stable propagation and extended interactions with the witness bunch,
ultimately terminating the energy transfer process. This paper
presents an overview of the drive-bunch beam dynamics in beam-driven
structure- and plasma-based accelerators with a focus on beam
instabilities that limit stable propagation of the drive bunch, such
as the beam break-up instability and transverse defocusing and
deflection in cases of cylindrical and planar structures and plasma
waveguides. Possible mitigation techniques are discussed.
Extraction method to ensure the uniqueness of scale-free region in surface fractal PSD equation
Authors: Li Hongju , Liu Ying , Wang Yuechang , Liao Haoran
Published: May 2022

Scale-free region is a specific frequency region only in which the fractal characteristics for surface topography exists. The uniqueness in fractal characterization exists in theory; however, by incorporating the conventional methods, various scale-free regions can be obtained for the same surface profile, resulting in the non-uniqueness of fractal characterization and reconstruction. Therefore, this paper aims to solve the non-uniqueness problem of the scale-free region. Firstly, the origins of such non-uniqueness are revealed, including random components introduced by manual selection under single-scale and information distortion affected by measuring frequency under multi-scales. Then, a filtering method based on an equal PSD amplitude Weierstrass-Mandelbrot function is proposed to extract the length and particular fractal components of the scale-free region. The proposed method is verified by acquiring the unique scale-free region length

l

0

and calculating the unique fractal dimension D with the extracted fractal components. Additionally, measurement influences are discussed, including measuring frequency and length. Further application on surfaces with different grinding processes and roughness levels is also conducted to test the practicability of the method. In summary, the necessary conditions for measuring the scale-free region are revealed. On this basis, obtaining method for the scale-free region is proposed.
A review on properties of magnesium-based alloys for biomedical applications
Authors: Rout Pradipta Kumar , Roy Sudesna , Ganguly Sourav , Rathore Dinesh Kumar
Published: May 2022

With changing lifestyles, the demand for bone implantation has been increasing day by day. The deficiency of nutritious elements within the human body results in certain diseases like osteoporosis, rickets, and other skeletal disorders; lack of physical activities; and the increasing number of accidents are the primary reasons for bone damage/fracture. Metallic implants made up of chrome steel, cobalt-based alloys, and titanium-based alloys are being majorly used worldwide owing to their high strength and high corrosion resistance which makes them permanent orthopedic bioimplant materials, however, they display a stress-shielding effect and it also requires an implant removal surgery. Thus, these problems can be addressed through the employment of biodegradable materials. Among the available biodegradable metallic materials, Mg alloys have been identified as a prospective orthopedic implant material. These alloys are biodegradable as well as biocompatible, however, they experience a relatively higher rate of degradation limiting their usability as implant material. This study attempts to comprehensively assess the effects of various alloying elements such as Ca, Zn, Sn, Mn, Sr and Rare earth elements (REEs) on the mechanical and degradation behavior (both in vivo and in vitro) of Mg alloys. Since the microstructure, mechanical properties and degradation response of the Mg alloys are dependent on the processing route, hence detailed processing- property database of different Mg alloys is provided in this paper.
Impacts of laser pulse width and target thickness on laser micro-propulsion performance
Authors: WANG Sibo , DU Bangdeng , DU Baosheng , ZHENG Yongzan , HONG Yanji , YE Jifei , XING Baoyu , LI Chenglin , ZHANG Yonghao
Published: May 2022

In order to optimize the laser ablation performance of a micro-thruster with 1U dimensions, which employs a micro semiconductor laser, the impacts of pulse width and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) thickness on thrust performance were researched. The results showed that with a GAP thickness of 200 μm, the single-pulse impulse (I) increased gradually with the increase in the laser pulse width from 50 to 800 μs, while the specific impulse (I
sp), impulse coupling coefficient (C
m) and ablation efficiency (η) all reached optimal values with a 200 μs pulse width. It is worth noting that the optimal pulse width is identical to the ignition delay time. Both C
m and η peaked with a pulse width of 200 μs, reaching 242.22 μN W−1 and 35.4%, respectively. With the increase in GAP thickness, I and C
m increased gradually. GAP of different thicknesses corresponded to different optimal laser pulse widths. Under a certain laser pulse width, the optimal GAP thickness should be the most vertical thickness of the ablation pit, and the various propulsion performance parameters at this time were also optimal. With the current laser parameters, the optimal GAP thickness was approximately 150 μm, I
sp was approximately 322.22 s, and η was approximately 34.94%.
On interpolation and 𝐾-monotonicity for discrete local Morrey spaces
Authors: Berezhnoi E.
Published: May 2022

A formula is given that makes it possible to reduce the calculation of an interpolation functor on a pair of local Morrey spaces to the calculation of this functor on pairs of vector function spaces constructed from the ideal spaces involved in the definition of the Morrey spaces in question. It is shown that a pair of local Morrey spaces is

K
K

-monotone if and only if the pair of vector function spaces mentioned above is

K
K

-monotone. This reduction makes it possible to obtain new interpolation theorems even for classical local spaces.
Diagonal complexes for surfaces of finite type and surfaces with involution
Authors: Panina G. , Gordon J.
Published: May 2022

Two constructions are studied that are inspired by the ideas of a recent paper by the authors.

— The diagonal complex

D

\mathcal {D}

and its barycentric subdivision

B
D

\mathcal {BD}

related to an oriented surface of finite type

F
F

equipped with a number of labeled marked points. This time, unlike the paper mentioned above, boundary components without marked points are allowed, called holes.

— The symmetric diagonal complex

D

inv

\mathcal {D}^{\operatorname {inv}}

and its barycentric subdivision

B
D

inv

\mathcal {BD}^{\operatorname {inv}}

related to a symmetric (=with an involution) oriented surface

F
F

equipped with a number of (symmetrically placed) labeled marked points.

The symmetric complex is shown to be homotopy equivalent to the complex of a surface obtained by “taking a half” of the initial symmetric surface.
On the number of faces of the Gelfand–Zetlin polytope
Authors: Melikhova E.
Published: May 2022

The combinatorics of the Gelfand–Zetlin polytope is studied. Geometric properties of a linear projection of this polytope onto a cube are employed to derive a recurrence relation for the

f
f

-polynomial of the polytope. This recurrence relation is applied to finding the

f
f

-polynomials and

h
h

-polynomials for one-parameter families of Gelfand–Zetlin polytopes of simplest types.
Compact Hankel operators on compact Abelian groups
Authors: Mirotin A.
Published: May 2022

The classical theorems of Kronecker, Hartman, Peller, and Adamyan–Arov–Krein are extended to the context of a connected compact Abelian group

G
G

with linearly ordered group of characters, on the basis of a description of the structure of compact Hankel operators on

G
G

. Beurling’s theorem on invariant subspaces is also generalized. Some applications to Hankel operators on discrete groups are given.
Sufentanil Sublingual Tablet Reduces Postoperative Opioid Use Following Outpatient Plastic Surgery
Authors: Seify Hisham
Published: May 2022

Background

The emphasis on better pain control with less narcotic use represents an ongoing challenge for outpatient plastic surgery procedures. Intravenous (IV) bolus opioids during surgery can lead to short-term relief, but often repeat dosing is required in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), prolonging recovery time. The sufentanil sublingual tablet (SST) has recently shown efficacy in reducing overall opioid use and postsurgical recovery time for outpatient general surgery procedures.

Objectives

To examine the effect of SST on PACU opioid use, adverse events, and recovery time compared with traditional IV opioid drug regimens in patients undergoing aesthetic surgical procedures.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed on SST patients (n = 61) receiving a single 30 mcg SST 30 minutes before surgery (for short procedures) or 45 minutes before surgical extubation (longer procedures). A control group (n = 32) underwent similar surgical procedures utilizing standard IV opioid treatment without SST.

Results

Control and study groups were of similar age and sex. Procedure duration (approximately 3 hours) and intraoperative opioid administration were similar in both groups, with 92% of patients receiving SST before extubation due to the length of the case. Almost all control patients (90.6%) required rescue opioids during recovery in the PACU compared with a few SST patients (16.4%; P < 0.001), averaging 5-fold higher dosing in the control group. Recovery duration did not differ between groups as factors other than pain management and adverse events affected discharge.

Conclusions

SST substantially reduced opioid administration in the PACU for patients undergoing outpatient plastic surgery procedures.

Level of Evidence: 3
deepSimDEF: deep neural embeddings of gene products and gene ontology terms for functional analysis of genes
Authors: Pesaranghader Ahmad , Matwin Stan , Sokolova Marina , Grenier Jean-Christophe , Beiko Robert G , Hussin Julie
Published: May 2022

Motivation

There is a plethora of measures to evaluate functional similarity (FS) of genes based on their co-expression, protein–protein interactions and sequence similarity. These measures are typically derived from hand-engineered and application-specific metrics to quantify the degree of shared information between two genes using their Gene Ontology (GO) annotations.

Results

We introduce deepSimDEF, a deep learning method to automatically learn FS estimation of gene pairs given a set of genes and their GO annotations. deepSimDEF’s key novelty is its ability to learn low-dimensional embedding vector representations of GO terms and gene products and then calculate FS using these learned vectors. We show that deepSimDEF can predict the FS of new genes using their annotations: it outperformed all other FS measures by >5–10% on yeast and human reference datasets on protein–protein interactions, gene co-expression and sequence homology tasks. Thus, deepSimDEF offers a powerful and adaptable deep neural architecture that can benefit a wide range of problems in genomics and proteomics, and its architecture is flexible enough to support its extension to any organism.

Availability and implementation

Source code and data are available at https://github.com/ahmadpgh/deepSimDEF

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comparison of two T-cell assays to evaluate T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination in naïve and convalescent healthcare workers
Authors: Phillips Eloise , Adele Sandra , Malone Tom , Deeks Alexandra , Stafford Lizzie , Dobson Susan L , Amini Ali , Skelly Donal , Eyre David , Jeffery Katie , Conlon Christopher P , Dold Christina , Otter Ashley , D’Arcangelo Silvia , Turtle Lance ,   PITCH Consortium, Barnes Eleanor , Chalk Jeremy , Dunachie Susanna , Duncan Christopher , Klenerman Paul , Matthews Philippa , Payne Rebecca , Richter Alex , de Silva Thushan , Rowland-Jones Sarah , Turtle Lance , Wootton Dan , Klenerman Paul , Barnes Eleanor , Dunachie Susanna J
Published: May 2022

T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 following infection and vaccination are less characterized than antibody responses, due to a more complex experimental pathway. We measured T-cell responses in 108 healthcare workers (HCWs) using the commercialized Oxford Immunotec T-SPOT Discovery SARS-CoV-2 assay service (OI T-SPOT) and the PITCH ELISpot protocol established for academic research settings. Both assays detected T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid proteins. Responses were significantly lower when reported by OI T-SPOT than by PITCH ELISpot. Four weeks after two doses of either Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 AZD1222 vaccine, the responder rate was 63% for OI T-SPOT Panels 1 + 2 (peptides representing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein excluding regions present in seasonal coronaviruses), 69% for OI T-SPOT Panel 14 (peptides representing the entire SARS-CoV-2 spike), and 94% for the PITCH ELISpot total spike. The two OI T-SPOT panels correlated strongly with each other showing that either readout quantifies spike-specific T-cell responses, although the correlation between the OI T-SPOT panels and the PITCH ELISpot total spike was moderate. The standardization, relative scalability, and longer interval between blood acquisition and processing are advantages of the commercial OI T-SPOT assay. However, the OI T-SPOT assay measures T-cell responses at a significantly lower magnitude compared to the PITCH ELISpot assay, detecting T-cell responses in a lower proportion of vaccinees. This has implications for the reporting of low-level T-cell responses that may be observed in patient populations and for the assessment of T-cell durability after vaccination.
Working memory and reward increase the accuracy of animal location encoding in the medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Ma Xiaoyu , Zheng Charles , Chen Yenho , Pereira Francisco , Li Zheng
Published: May 2022

The ability to perceive spatial environments and locate oneself during navigation is crucial for the survival of animals. Mounting evidence suggests a role of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in spatially related behaviors. However, the properties of mPFC spatial encoding and how it is influenced by animal behavior are poorly defined. Here, we train the mice to perform 3 tasks differing in working memory and reward-seeking: a delayed non-match to place (DNMTP) task, a passive alternation (PA) task, and a free-running task. Single-unit recording in the mPFC shows that although individual mPFC neurons exhibit spatially selective firing, they do not reliably represent the animal location. The population activity of mPFC neurons predicts the animal location. Notably, the population coding of animal locations by the mPFC is modulated by animal behavior in that the coding accuracy is higher in tasks involved in working memory and reward-seeking. This study reveals an approach whereby the mPFC encodes spatial positions and the behavioral variables affecting it.
Efficacy of left atrial posterior wall isolation guided by lesion size prediction module for non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Murata Kazuya , Takahashi Yoshihide , Inaba Osamu , Nitta Junichi , Kobori Atsushi , Sakamoto Yuichiro , Nagata Yasutoshi , Tanimoto Kojiro , Matsuo Seiichiro , Yamane Teiichi , Morita Norishige , Satomi Kazuhiro , Sato Hiroyuki , Hanazawa Ryoichi , Hirakawa Akihiro , Goya Masahiko , Sasano Tetsuo
Published: May 2022

Aims

The efficacy of left atrial posterior wall isolation (PWI) is controversial. Lesion durability may be a major cause of arrhythmia recurrence. The use of the lesion size prediction module improves lesion durability. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone and PWI in addition to PVI (PVI + PWI) in patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) using a lesion size prediction module.

Methods and results

This study is a sub-analysis of the recently published prospective multicentre observational study called ALCOHOL-AF (association of alcohol consumption with outcome of catheter ablation of AF). In this sub-analysis, patients with non-paroxysmal AF in whom PVI alone or PVI + PWI was performed using the lesion size prediction module were included. Freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia was compared between PVI alone and PVI + PWI groups using propensity score analyses. Of the 3474 patients registered in the ALCOHOL-AF study, 572 patients (age 65.6 ± 10.1 years, male 77.4%, longstanding persistent AF 25.5%) were included in this sub-analysis. We selected 212 patients treated with PVI alone and 212 treated with PVI + PWI using one-to-one propensity score matching. During the follow-up period, atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence was documented in 92 (43.4%) and 50 (23.6%) patients in the PVI alone and PVI + PWI groups, respectively. Freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence without anti-arrhythmic drugs after a single procedure was significantly higher in PVI + PWI than in PVI alone groups (hazard ratio: 0.452, 95% confidence interval: 0.308–0.664, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

In this hypothesis-generating study, lesion size prediction module-guided PVI + PWI was associated with better clinical outcomes than PVI alone in patients with persistent or longstanding persistent AF.
Modern inversion workflow of the multimodal surface wave dispersion curves: staging strategy and Pattern search with embedded Kuhn–Munkres algorithm
Authors: Yan Yingwei , Chen Xiaofei , Huai Nan , Guan Jianbo
Published: May 2022

The dispersive information of the higher surface wave modes is beneficial for improving the resolution of the inverted S-wave velocity structure, increasing the penetration depth and enhancing the robustness of the inversion. The recently proposed frequency-Bessel (F-J) transformation can achieve the relatively stable measurement of the higher-mode surface waves. However, sometimes the phenomena of the mode losses and aliases would appear in the dispersion energy image of the seismic records, which may lead to the mode misidentification. And the wrong mode identification is likely to cause the negative impacts on the dispersion inversion and geological interpretation about the survey site. In view of this, we recommend a staging strategy for the inversion of multimodal surface wave dispersion curves. The pattern search (PS) is used to invert the reliable segment of the fundamental-mode surface wave phase velocities for the first stage. For the second stage, the inverted result of the first stage is set as the initial model, the PS with embedded Kuhn–Munkres (PSEKM) algorithm is adopted for inverting the observed phase velocities of all modes. And for each frequency, a weighted bipartite graph is established between the observed values with no-explicitly specified-mode-order (NESMO) and predicted values of the model m during the inversion, then the maximum match is determined by the KM algorithm for calculating the minimum distance between the observed and predicted data sets. The mode-order information of the observed phase velocities with NESMO would be dynamically evaluated for each model m occurred in the inversion process. The synthetic reconstruction tests have confirmed the effectiveness of the novel workflow. Also, the performance of the preconditioned steepest-descent algorithm of local optimization methods and influence of the mode misidentification on the inversion result are also clarified in the synthesis tests. The comparison results show that the proposed workflow can realize the nice data fitting and model reconstruction without the time-consuming manual mode-identification for the higher-mode surface waves. Then, the new workflow is applied to the analysis of the actual surface wave data sets collected on two roadbeds, which is still satisfactory. Finally, we discuss the role of the staging strategy of the workflow.
The French Law on Bioethics and its Limitations: Challenges for the Future from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Giovannini Giulia
Published: May 2022

On 4 August 2021 LOI n° 2021-1017 du 2 août 2021 relative à la bioéthique, a French law on bioethics, came into force. Among the most noteworthy legislative developments are: access to reproductive treatments for all women regardless of sexual orientation; the incorporation of a new way of determining legal parenthood with respect to pregnant women’s female partners via acknowledgment, and the abolition of donor anonymity. With this reform, the French legal system has aligned itself with many others in Europe with respect to reproductive rights and the right of children conceived by these means to know their biological origins. However, there are also a number of controversial issues that French lawmakers decided not to address, and this article aims to comment on these. Some of the reflections here are comparative and refer especially to (i) the possibility of post-mortem fertilization; (ii) access to certain techniques such as the ROPA method, and finally (iii) transgender persons’ potential access to reproductive techniques. The conclusions are that all these aspects should have been included in the legislative reform.