bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oncology and Palliative Care Integration: Cocreating Quality and Value in the Era of Health Care Reform
Authors: Kaufmann Tara L. , Kamal Arif H.
Published: July 2017

Recent payment reforms in health care have spurred thinking regarding how strengthened partnerships can cocreate quality and value. Oncology is an important area in which to consider further collaborations in patient care, as a result of increasing treatment complexity from an expanding armamentarium of interventions, large resource expenditures related to cancer care, and a growing disease prevalence related to an aging population. Many have highlighted the important role of palliative care in the routine care of patients with advanced cancer and high symptom burden. Yet, how integration can occur that translates research into usual clinical practice while prioritizing the right patients and settings to maximize outcomes of interest has been inadequately described. We review the evidence for integration of palliative care into routine oncology care and then map the benefits to the requirements put forward by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Oncology Care Model as a use case; we also discuss applications to other evolving payment models.
Measurement of Pro-Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (1–48) in Diabetes and Islet Transplants
Authors: Courtade Jaques A. , Klimek-Abercrombie Agnieszka M. , Chen Yi-Chun , Patel Nirja , Lu Phoebe Y. T. , Speake Cate , Orban Paul C. , Najafian Behzad , Meneilly Graydon , Greenbaum Carla J. , Warnock Garth L. , Panagiotopoulos Constadina , Verchere C. Bruce
Published: July 2017

Context:

Islet amyloid is a feature of β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) recipients of islet transplants. Islet amyloid contains islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP; amylin), a circulating peptide that is produced in β cells by processing of its precursor, proIAPP1-67, via an intermediate form, proIAPP1-48. Elevated proinsulin to C-peptide ratios in the plasma of persons with diabetes suggest defects in β-cell prohormone processing.

Objective:

Determine whether plasma levels of precursor forms of IAPP are elevated in diabetes.

Design, Setting, and Patients:

We developed an immunoassay to detect proIAPP1-48 in human plasma, and we determined the ratio of proIAPP1-48 to mature IAPP in subjects with T1D, T2D, recipients of islet transplants, and healthy controls.

Results:

The proIAPP1-48 immunoassay had a limit of detection of 0.18 ± 0.06 pM and cross-reactivity with intact proIAPP1-67 <15%. Healthy individuals had plasma concentrations of proIAPP1-48 immunoreactivity of 1.5 ± 0.2 pM and a proIAPP1-48 to total IAPP ratio of 0.28 ± 0.03. Plasma concentrations of proIAPP1-48 immunoreactivity were not significantly different in subjects with T2D but were markedly increased in T1D recipients of islet transplants. Children and adults with T1D had reduced mature IAPP levels relative to age-matched controls but an elevated ratio of proIAPP1-48 to total IAPP.

Conclusion:

The β cells in T1D and islet transplants have impaired processing of the proIAPP1-48 intermediate. The ratio of proIAPP1-48-to-IAPP immunoreactivity may have value as a biomarker of β-cell stress and dysfunction.
Targeting MYC as a Therapeutic Intervention for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Enomoto Keisuke , Zhu Xuguang , Park Sunmi , Zhao Li , Zhu Yuelin J. , Willingham Mark C. , Qi Jun , Copland John A. , Meltzer Paul , Cheng Sheue-yann
Published: July 2017

Context:

Recent studies showed that transcription of the MYC gene is driven by the interaction of bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins with acetylated histones on chromatin. JQ1, a potent inhibitor that effectively disrupts the interaction of BET proteins with acetylated histones, preferentially suppresses transcription of the MYC gene. We recently reported that JQ1 decreased thyroid tumor growth and improved survival in a mouse model of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) by targeting MYC transcription. The role of MYC in human ATC and whether JQ1 can effectively target MYC as a treatment modality have not been elucidated.

Objective:

To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of JQ1, we evaluated its efficacy in human ATC cell lines and xenograft models.

Design:

We determined the effects of JQ1 on proliferation and invasion in cell lines and xenograft tumors. We identified key regulators critical for JQ1-affected proliferation and invasion of tumor cells.

Results:

JQ1 markedly inhibited proliferation of four ATC cell lines by suppression of MYC and elevation of p21and p27 to decrease phosphorylated Rb and delay cell cycle progression from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase. JQ1 blocked cell invasion by attenuating epithelial-mesenchymal transition signals. These cell-based studies were further confirmed in xenograft studies in which the size and rate of tumor growth were inhibited by JQ1 via inhibition of p21-cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase-Rb-E2F signaling.

Conclusions:

These results suggest targeting of the MYC protein could be a potential treatment modality for human ATC for which effective treatment options are limited.
Cushing Disease: Are We Making Progress?
Authors: Kennedy Laurence , Recinos Pablo F.
Published: July 2017

This paper comments on how we can assess the success of transsphenoidal surgery for patients with Cushing disease.
An Analysis of Substandard Propofol Detected in Use in Zambian Anesthesia
Authors: Mumphansha Hazel , Nickerson Jason W. , Attaran Amir , Overton Sean , Curtis Sharon , Mayer Paul , Bould M. Dylan
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

In early 2015, clinicians throughout Zambia noted a range of unpredictable adverse events after the administration of propofol, including urticaria, bronchospasm, profound hypotension, and most predictably an inadequate depth of anesthesia. Suspecting that the propofol itself may have been substandard, samples were procured and sent for testing.

METHODS:

Three vials from 2 different batches were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods at the John L. Holmes Mass Spectrometry Facility.

RESULTS:

Laboratory gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis determined that, although all vials contained propofol, its concentration differed between samples and in all cases was well below the stated quantity. Two vials from 1 batch contained only 44% ± 11% and 54% ± 12% of the stated quantity, whereas the third vial from a second batch contained only 57% ± 9%. The analysis found that there were no hexane-soluble impurities in the samples.

CONCLUSIONS:

None of the analyzed vials contained the stated amount of propofol; however, our analysis did not detect additional contaminants that would explain the adverse events reported by clinicians. Our results confirm the presence of substandard propofol in Zambia; however, anecdotal accounts of substandard anesthetic medicines in other countries abound and warrant further investigation to provide estimates of the prevalence and scope of this global problem.
Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Dysfunction in Patients With Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility
Authors: Thompson Sara J. , Riazi Sheila , Kraeva Natalia , Noseworthy Michael D. , Rayner Tammy E. , Schneiderman Jane E. , Cifra Barbara , Wells Greg D.
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

Malignant hyperthermia (MH), a pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle, presents with a potentially lethal hypermetabolic reaction to certain anesthetics. However, some MH-susceptible patients experience muscle weakness, fatigue, and exercise intolerance in the absence of anesthetic triggers. The objective of this exploratory study was to elucidate the pathophysiology of exercise intolerance in patients tested positive for MH with the caffeine-halothane contracture test. To this end, we used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy, blood oxygen level–dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and traditional exercise testing to compare skeletal muscle metabolism in MH-positive patients and healthy controls.

METHODS:

Skeletal muscle metabolism was assessed using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and blood oxygen level–dependent functional MRI in 29 MH-positive patients and 20 healthy controls. Traditional measures of physical capacity were employed to measure aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, and muscle strength.

RESULTS:

During 30- and 60-second exercise, MH-positive patients had significantly lower ATP production via the oxidative pathway compared to healthy controls. MH-positive patients also had a longer recovery time with blood oxygen level–dependent functional MRI compared to healthy controls. Exercise testing revealed lower aerobic and anaerobic capacity in MH-positive patients compared to healthy controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

Results of this exploratory study suggest that MH-positive patients have impaired aerobic metabolism compared to healthy individuals. This could explain the exercise intolerance exhibited in MH-susceptible patient population.
Characterization of Phospholipid: Diacylglycerol Acyltransferases (PDATs) from Camelina sativa and Their Roles in Stress Responses
Authors: Yuan Lixia , Mao Xue , Zhao Kui , Ji Xiajie , Ji Chunli , Xue Jinai , Li Runzhi
Published: July 2017

As an important oilseed worldwide, Camelina sativa is being increasingly explored for its use in production of food, feed, biofuel and industrial chemicals. However, detailed mechanisms of camelina oil biosynthesis and accumulation, particularly in vegetative tissues, are understood to a very small extent. Here, we present genome-wide identification, cloning and functional analysis of phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) in C. sativa, which catalyses the final acylation step in triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis by transferring a fatty acyl moiety from a phospholipid to diacylglycerol (DAG). We identified five genes (namely CsPDAT1-A, B, and C and CsPDAT2-A and B) encoding PDATs from the camelina genome. CsPDAT1-A is mainly expressed in seeds, whereas CsPDAT1-C preferentially accumulates in flower and leaf tissues. High expression of CsPDAT2-A and CsPDAT2-B was detected in stem and root tissues, respectively. Cold stress induced upregulation of CsPDAT1-A and CsPDAT1-C expression by 3.5 and 2.5 fold, respectively, compared to the control. Salt stress led to an increase in CsPDAT2-B transcripts by 5.1 fold. Drought treatment resulted in an enhancement of CsPDAT2-A mRNAs by 2 fold and a reduction of CsPDAT2-B expression. Osmotic stress upregulated the expression of CsPDAT1-C by 3.3 fold. Furthermore, the cDNA clones of these CsPDAT genes were isolated for transient expression in tobacco leaves. All five genes showed PDAT enzymatic activity and substantially increased TAG accumulation in the leaves, with CsPDAT1-A showing a higher preference for ɑ-linolenic acid (18:3 ω-3). Overall, this study demonstrated that different members of CsPDAT family contribute to TAG synthesis in different tissues. More importantly, they are involved in different types of stress responses in camelina seedlings, providing new evidences of their roles in oil biosynthesis and regulation in camelina vegetative tissue. The identified CsPDATs may have practical applications in increasing oil accumulation and enhancing stress tolerance in other plants as well.
Spectraplakin family proteins – cytoskeletal crosslinkers with versatile roles
Authors: Zhang Jamie , Yue Jiping , Wu Xiaoyang
Published: July 2017

The different cytoskeletal networks in a cell are responsible for many fundamental cellular processes. Current studies have shown that spectraplakins, cytoskeletal crosslinkers that combine features of both the spectrin and plakin families of crosslinkers, have a critical role in integrating these different cytoskeletal networks. Spectraplakin genes give rise to a variety of isoforms that have distinct functions. Importantly, all spectraplakin isoforms are uniquely able to associate with all three elements of the cytoskeleton, namely, F-actin, microtubules and intermediate filaments. In this Review, we will highlight recent studies that have unraveled their function in a wide range of different processes, from regulating cell adhesion in skin keratinocytes to neuronal cell migration. Taken together, this work has revealed a diverse and indispensable role for orchestrating the function of different cytoskeletal elements in vivo.
Reflections on the historiography of the twentieth century from the perspective of the twenty-first century
Authors: Iggers Georg
Published: July 2017

The paper summarises and critically discusses the main trends of twentieth-century historiography worldwide and sets an agends for future orientation.
The historiography of the Greek Diaspora and migration in the twentieth century
Authors: Korma Lena
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper is to provide a critical overview of the literature on the Greek diaspora and migration during the twentieth century. In others words, this study attempts to offer a historiographical approach, focusing mainly on Greek-language literature and, in particular, on landmark works in Greek migration studies. Anyone attempting to write about the history of Greek migration is faced with a daunting task, considering that a series of individual concepts must be clarified and positioned in space and time. Migration in modern Greek history is not a phenomenon exclusive to the twentieth century; the permanent presence of Greeks in central Europe from the fifteenth to nineteenth centuries incited the interest of a significant number of Greek historiographers in the twentieth century. In this context, for instance, the use during the twentieth century in the Greek-language literature of terms such as apodimos, apoikia, paroikia or repatriation reflects ruptures and continuities and illuminates the political changes in Greek society and the broader ideological shift in socials sciences. At the same time, the early post-junta period marked not only a systematic shift towards the study of the Greek diaspora and migration, but also a differentiation in its approach by entering into continuous dialogue with other disciplines. However, because diaspora and migration studies is now an interdisciplinary field, an overall analysis of it lies beyond the scope of this work.
Review of Hayden White's, Λογοτεχνική θεωρία και ιστορική συγγραφή [Literary theory and historical writing]
Authors: Lianeri Alexandra
Published: July 2017

Hayden White. Λογοτεχνική θεωρία και ιστορική συγγραφή [Literary theory and historical writing]. Trans. Yorgos Pinakoulas. Athens: Epekeina, 2015. 320 pp.
Review of Alexis Heraclides' and Ada Dialla, Humanitarian Intervention in the Long Nineteenth Century: Setting the Precedent
Authors: Frangonikolopoulos Christos
Published: July 2017

Review of Alexis Heraclides and Ada Dialla. Humanitarian Intervention in the Long Nineteenth Century: Setting the Precedent. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2015. 272 pp.
Review of Marius Turda's and Aaron Gillette, Latin Eugenics in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Pateraki Marilena
Published: July 2017

Marius Turda and Aaron Gillette. Latin Eugenics in Comparative Perspective.London & New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. 306 pp.
Review of Dimitris Plantzos', Αρχαιολογίες του Κλασικού: Αναθεωρώντας τον εμπειρικό κανόνα [Archaeologies of the Classical: Reconsidering the empirical rule]
Authors: Vavouranakis Giorgos
Published: July 2017

Review of Dimitris Plantzos, Οι αρχαιολογίες του κλασικού. Αναθεωρώντας τον εμπειρικό κανόνα [Archaeologies of the Classical: Reconsidering the empirical rule]. Athens: Ekdoseis tou 21ou, 2014. 376 pp.
Debating the Greek 1940s: histories and memories of a conflicting past since the end of the Second World War
Authors: Avgeridis Manos
Published: July 2017

The article examines aspects of the long history of a major field of public debate in the second half of the twentieth century, that of the Greek 1940s, taking as its starting point the recent “history war” in Greece. It attempts to trace histories and memories from the immediate postwar years and to place them within a broader process: the historisation of the Second World War in Europe. In that context, the article begins by exploring one part of the initial efforts to form a European history of the resistance, from the perspective of the Greek case. Then, the focus is transferred to Greece, and to the mapping of a constellation of different memory and history communities, and the practices of history of the same period: the activities of veteran partisans and eye-witnesses with regard to their contribution to the formation of the first narratives on the war is a core issue at this level. Last, by following the developments in the academy and the politics of history during the Metapolitefsi, the focus returns to the current discussion, attempting a first approach to the subject through the strings that connect it with the past and, at the same time, as a debate of the twenty-first century.
Review of Trine Stauning Willert's, New Voices in Greek Orthodox Thought: Untying the Bond between Nation and Religion
Authors: Markoviti Margarita
Published: July 2017

Trine Stauning Willert. New Voices in Greek Orthodox Thought: Untying the Bond between Nation and Religion. Burlington: Ashgate, 2014. viii + 197 pp
Heterogeneous ensembles for predicting survival of metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients
Authors: Pölsterl Sebastian , Gupta Pankaj , Wang Lichao , Conjeti Sailesh , Katouzian Amin , Navab Nassir
Published: July 2017

Ensemble methods have been successfully applied in a wide range of scenarios, including survival analysis. However, most ensemble models for survival analysis consist of models that all optimize the same loss function and do not fully utilize the diversity in available models. We propose heterogeneous survival ensembles that combine several survival models, each optimizing a different loss during training. We evaluated our proposed technique in the context of the Prostate Cancer DREAM Challenge, where the objective was to predict survival of patients with metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer from patient records of four phase III clinical trials. Results demonstrate that a diverse set of survival models were preferred over a single model and that our heterogeneous ensemble of survival models outperformed all competing methods with respect to predicting the exact time of death in the Prostate Cancer DREAM Challenge.
GeneBreak: detection of recurrent DNA copy number aberration-associated chromosomal breakpoints within genes
Authors: van den Broek Evert , van Lieshout Stef , Rausch Christian , Ylstra Bauke , van de Wiel Mark A. , Meijer Gerrit A. , Fijneman Remond J.A. , Abeln Sanne
Published: July 2017

Development of cancer is driven by somatic alterations, including numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations. Currently, several computational methods are available and are widely applied to detect numerical copy number aberrations (CNAs) of chromosomal segments in tumor genomes. However, there is lack of computational methods that systematically detect structural chromosomal aberrations by virtue of the genomic location of CNA-associated chromosomal breaks and identify genes that appear non-randomly affected by chromosomal breakpoints across (large) series of tumor samples. ‘GeneBreak’ is developed to systematically identify genes recurrently affected by the genomic location of chromosomal CNA-associated breaks by a genome-wide approach, which can be applied to DNA copy number data obtained by array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) or by (low-pass) whole genome sequencing (WGS). First, ‘GeneBreak’ collects the genomic locations of chromosomal CNA-associated breaks that were previously pinpointed by the segmentation algorithm that was applied to obtain CNA profiles. Next, a tailored annotation approach for breakpoint-to-gene mapping is implemented. Finally, dedicated cohort-based statistics is incorporated with correction for covariates that influence the probability to be a breakpoint gene. In addition, multiple testing correction is integrated to reveal recurrent breakpoint events. This easy-to-use algorithm, ‘GeneBreak’, is implemented in R (www.cran.r-project.org) and is available from Bioconductor (www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/GeneBreak.html).
Architectural and comparative aspect of Orthodox monasteries of the Balkans and Russia
Authors: Ильвицкая
Published: July 2017

The monograph is devoted to the concept of comparative architecture - modern approach to studying and the analysis of orthodox cult architecture, discloses architectural and comparative aspect of monastic ensembles and temples - the main centers of Orthodoxy of the Balkans and Russia, keepers of architectural and art values and the centers of spiritual education of modern society. Regularities of forming of architecture of orthodox monasteries are for the first time given and the comparative model of their organization is constructed.
Work is recommended for students, graduate students and teachers of architectural faculties and Higher Educational Institutions, architects-designers, and also a wide range of the readers who are interested in problems of cult orthodox architecture.
Screening and Characterization of Halophilic Bacteria With Industrial Enzymes from Salt Lake Razazah, Karbala, Iraq
Authors: T. Sh. Al-Rubaye Mushtaq , H. J. Al-Musawi Mastafa , Fakhari Javad , Hosseini Maryam
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT: A total of 218 halophilic bacterial isolates were obtained from Lake Razazah, west of Karbala, Iraq. Optimum pH and temperature were 7.5 and 37 °C, respectively. According to optimal growth at different salt concentration, the slightly halophilic bacteria were the most abundant isolates with the frequency of 68%. The isolated bacteria were screened for the production of extracellular amylase, alkaline amylase, protease, alkaline protease, lipase, alkaline lipase, pectinase and cellulase. The production of pectinase (55.8%), amylase (52.6%) and lipase (50.0%) were observed in almost half of the halophilic bacteria. Alkaline amylase and alkaline lipase production were reported in less than one third (30%) of isolates. Phylogenetic analysis16S rRNA sequences indicated that all isolates were members of eight genera of the domain Bacteria, including Bacillus, Halobacillus, Virgibacillus, Oceanobacillus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Idiomarina and Halomonas. The predominant commercial enzymes producers in current study were Halobacillus sp. K51 and Halomonas sp. K46 with the ability to produce 7 out of 8 exoenzymes. The presented data shows that despite drought, dehydration, increased concentrations of salt and contaminants, Lake Razazah represents an untapped source of halophilic bacteria biodiversity.
The effects of centralisation of vascular surgical services in the Bath, Bristol and Weston area on the carotid endarterectomy pathway
Authors: Partridge E , Brooks M , Curd C , Davis V , Oates C , McGeeney D
Published: July 2017

Introduction

Patients who experience a transient ischaemic attack are at the highest risk of having a subsequent stroke immediately after their symptoms. A carotid endarterectomy should be performed on symptomatic, surgically suitable patients who present with a greater than 50% North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial stenosis of the internal carotid artery within 2 weeks of their symptoms. This study aimed to determine whether the effectiveness of the carotid endarterectomy pathway has been impacted by the centralisation of vascular surgical services in the Bath, Bristol and Weston area.

Materials and Methods

From October 2013 to October 2015, critical steps in the patient carotid endarterectomy pathway that vascular surgeons from the Royal United Hospital Bath, Bristol Royal Infirmary and North Bristol NHS Trust input into the Royal College of Surgeons National Vascular Registry were collected. The dates of patient’s symptoms, referral, first scan, surgical team review and surgery were analysed.

Results

Carotid endarterectomy data was collected for 261 patients. Overall, no significant difference in median time (days) from symptom to surgery from precentralisation data compared with post-centralisation data was seen (P = .175), with 65% patients meeting the national target of symptom to surgery in less than 14days.

Discussion and Conclusion

Centralisation has not significantly impacted the overall efficiency of the carotid endarterectomy pathway. This study highlights areas where improvement across the vascular network is required. This includes addressing the 35% patients that are not currently meeting the 14-day target and standardising the provision of care to outlying communities. Further follow-up is required to assess the longer term effects of centralisation.
When Gender Identity Doesn't Equal Sex Recorded at Birth: The Role of the Laboratory in Providing Effective Healthcare to the Transgender Community
Authors: Goldstein Zil , Corneil Trevor A , Greene Dina N
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND

Transgender is an umbrella term used to describe individuals who identify with a gender incongruent to or variant from their sex recorded at birth. Affirming gender identity through a variety of social, medical, and surgical interventions is critical to the mental health of transgender individuals. In recent years, awareness surrounding transgender identities has increased, which has highlighted the health disparities that parallel this demographic. These disparities are reflected in the experience of transgender patients and their providers when seeking clinical laboratory services.

CONTENT

Little is known about the effect of gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery on optimal laboratory test interpretation. Efforts to diminish health disparities encountered by transgender individuals and their providers can be accomplished by increasing social and clinical awareness regarding sex/gender incongruence and gaining insight into the physiological manifestations and laboratory interpretations of gender-affirming strategies. This review summarizes knowledge required to understand transgender healthcare including current clinical interventions for gender dysphoria. Particular attention is paid to the subsequent impact of these interventions on laboratory test utilization and interpretation. Common nomenclature and system barriers are also discussed.

Understanding gender incongruence, the clinical changes associated with gender transition, and systemic barriers that maintain a gender/sex binary are key to providing adequate healthcare to transgender community. Transgender appropriate reference interval studies are virtually absent within the medical literature and should be explored. The laboratory has an important role in improving the physiological understanding, electronic medical system recognition, and overall social awareness of the transgender community.
JOVENS MIGRANTES DIANTE DO DESAFIO DE TRABALHAR E ESTUDAR
Authors: Vendramini Celia Regina
Published: July 2017

O artigo aborda as interconexões entre migração, trabalho e escola, considerando a realidade de jovens do ensino médio de escolas públicas situadas em Florianópolis. A problemática diz respeito às dificuldades de conciliar estudo e trabalho, especialmente no caso dos estudantes migrantes. A mobilidade dos jovens ou de sua família afeta seu percurso escolar, levando à descontinuidade e à interrupção dos estudos, o que pode gerar abandono ou insucesso escolar. Com base na aplicação de questionários, realização de grupos focais e entrevistas com estudantes, analisaram-se os problemas vividos pelos jovens da classe trabalhadora para seguir os estudos e inserir-se no trabalho, inserção esta que pode conduzir à migração.
Aproximaciones al estudio del Congreso Nacional argentino. Contrastes, convergencias y agenda de investigación
Authors: Ortíz de Rozas Victoria
Published: July 2017

El artículo revisa un conjunto de investigaciones sobre el Congreso Nacional argentino y sus integrantes, identificando perspectivas que incidieron en la agenda académica y áreas de vacancia. Se abordan los trabajos realizados por la ciencia política, interesada en el funcionamiento institucional del Congreso y en las carreras políticas de los legisladores. Luego se describen las investigaciones provenientes de la sociología política, focalizada en las variables sociales que inciden en el acceso de los legisladores al poder. Se señalan contrastes entre ambas perspectivas, argumentando que es posible establecer convergencias en términos de los referentes empíricos estudiados; obteniendo un cuadro más completo sobre las características de los legisladores nacionales y su reclutamiento. Teniendo en cuenta trabajos realizados en otros países, desde la antropología política y/o con métodos etnográficos, se propone una agenda de investigación que, permitiría tener una visión más amplia sobre el rol de los legisladores y del Congreso como institución representativa.
La informalidad laboral juvenil en la Provincia de Santa Fe: nivel, evolución y atribubutos a partir de la encuesta anual de hogares urbanos (2010-2014)
Authors: Carné Martín
Published: July 2017

Por distintos motivos los jóvenes afrontan particulares dificultades para lograr una inserción laboral asalariada «típica» o «decente». Este hecho no sólo impacta en términos individuales sobre su socialización, autoestima y autonomía económica sino que, desde un plano colectivo, también condiciona su calificación y especialización en tanto factor de producción. Dadas las implicancias sociales de lo expuesto, el presente trabajo –de estadística descriptiva– mensura y caracteriza el fenómeno de la informalidad laboral juvenil en la Provincia de Santa Fe entre los años 2010 y 2014 . Utiliza para ello la Encuesta Anual de Hogares Urbanos, herramienta que permite trabajar con datos poblacionales que da mayor exhaustividad al diagnóstico del no registro del vínculo laboral en la Seguridad Social, atributo definitorio del empleo asalariado informal, una de las principales manifestaciones que asume la precariedad laboral.
Prevention Strategies for HIV in Youth: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Sianturi Sondang Ratnauli
Published: July 2017

Purpose:  To provide nurse educators how to address the problem of HIV/AIDS in the youth through the concept of prevention strategiesMethods: Review articles published during 2005 until 2014 that focused on HIV/AIDS prevention strategies. The databases used in this study were EBSCO, Medline, CINAHL, PubMed.Result: HIV knowledge is an important factor influencing HIV risk perceptions and risk behaviors especially among youth.The concept of prevention strategies designed and tested to address risk behavior on young people at every step along their developmental path. Strategies are very important ways for preventing HIV/AIDS, especially in youth. Conclusion: The attributes that characterize the concept of strategies   are:  plan, process, studying different ways, focusing on the greatest need, and analyzing and learning. Although strategies are used in prevention, they are not maximized in Indonesia. The best strategies for the different age groups have not yet been determined. With use of the best strategies, nurse educator can teach nursing students how best to reach youth and other people in the community to prevent HIV.
Pilot Study of Nursing Students’ Knowledge towards Genetic Topics
Authors: Erawati Meira , Kusumaningrum Niken SD
Published: July 2017

Backgrounds: Nowadays, the science of genetics in Indonesia has not touched the world of nursing education and practice in health care. As the first step in order to introduce genetics topic into nursing education, an assessment is needed to identify student’s knowledge and comfort toward genetics topic.Purpose: The aim of this pilot study was to identify nursing students’ knowledge about genetics.Methods: Research design used in this pilot study was descriptive with cross-sectional approach. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire that adopted and adapted from “The Genetic Needs Assessment Survey” developed by Maradique et.al. This questionnaire was distributed to nursing students at one state school of nursing in Central Java, Indonesia.Result: There were 170 nursing students participated in the pilot study. Descriptive statistic was performed and the results indicated that they were lack of knowledge about genetics topic. Most of students were not familiar to genetic terms, for example locus, missense mutation, nonsense mutation, frameshift mutation, and karyotype. Students were not comfortable to use OMIM and draw pedigree. Respondents argued that more education strategy could be applied to improve student knowledge and understanding of the genetics.Conclusion: Introduction and recognition of genetics topic in nursing education was needed. Integration of genetics topic into nursing education can be applied by the existing subject or by itself subject to students; either individually or classically.
Comparison of Muscle Strength in Stroke Patients between The Given and Not Given Range of Motion Exercise
Authors: Rhestifujiayani Eka , Huriani Emil , Muharriza Muharriza
Published: July 2017

Background: Hemiparesis is a common problem that can caused disability. ROM Exercise is an exercise that to performed evaluate and to improv the function of the musculoskeletal system and is one of therapies in stroke patients that aim to increase cerebral blood flow, minimize disability caused by stroke, so can refine sensory motoric function.Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the effect ROM exercises of the extremity muscle strength in patients with stroke Methods: This study was a quasi experimental with non equivalent control group design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The number of sample was 20 respondents. The statistical test used are Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney test. Result: Wilcoxon test in control group showed p-value in upper extremities was p=0,157 and in lower extremities was p=0,083, it mean that there was no increase in muscle strength in the control group and in experiment group showed p-value in upper extremities was p=0,004 and in lower extremities was p=0,005, it mean that there is increase in muscle strength in the experiment group. The result of Mann-Whitney test showed p-value in upper extremities was p=0,002 and in lower extremities was p=0,006, it means that there were differences in the increase in muscle strength between control group and experiment group. Conclusion: ROM exercises affect the increase in muscle strength in stroke patients with hemiparesis. The ROM exercises can be used as a nursing intervention in the provision of nursing care.
The Effectivity of Multi Source Feedback (MSF) to Assess Professional Behaviour (Pb) of Nursing Students: An Evaluation Study
Authors: Asmara Fatikhu Yatuni , Santoso Agus
Published: July 2017

Background: Nurses are requested to give an excellent services to patients not only excellent in skills but also excellent in behaviour which serve comfort to patients. The behaviour is called professional behaviour or soft skill. Purpose: The aim of this research is investigating the effectiveness of MSF in assessing nursing students’ professional behaviour (PB).Methods: The design of the research is an evaluation study which compares the result of PB between before and after joining practice in clinical setting. The participants were thirty three participants consisting of 33 nursing students and 3 mentors. Data were collected using a quantitative approach. The participants are requested to do self and peer assessment using SPRAT modification form while mentors are asked to assess nursing students using the same form. The assessment was conducted twice, before and after joining internship. The data were analysed to compare the score of PB before and after joining the internship among group of participant using Paired sample T-test or dependent sample T test. Result: The results showed that there were differences of score between before and after joining internship with α = 0.000; 0.001; and 0.000 for self, peer, and mentor assessment respectively. There was no difference of score before joining internship among assessors with α = 0.509, and there was a difference of score after joining internship among assessors with α = 0.005. It means that MSF is an effective method to assess PB of nursing students. Conclusion: Applying MSF method to assess PB of nursing student is suggested for better assessment.
Effects of Acupoint Stimulation with Digital Massager of Oxytocin on the Breast Milk Production of Working Mothers
Authors: Anggorowati Anggorowati , Sutadi Heriandi , Setyowati Setyowati , Koestoer Raldi Artono
Published: July 2017

Background: Many breastfeeding mothers find that their milk production decreases or even stops when they return to work due to reduced breastfeeding hormones. Massage can stimulate the oxytocin hormone, and to replace the manual massage, a digital massager of oxytocin (DMO) is developed.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of the DMO on the milk production of the breastfeeding working mothers. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest control group design. The samples were 93 breastfeeding working mothers in the community with a baby below 6 months. The samples were assigned into the intervention group (n=46) and the control group (n=47). An intervention of using the DMO was given to the mothers in the intervention group by applying the electrodes on the first intercostae of BL-17 and Bl-18 acupoints for 20 minutes in 3 consecutive days. Meanwhile, a standard treatment was given to the control group. Breast milk expression was carried out before and after the use of DMO. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and the Wilcoxon tests. Results: The results showed that there were differences in the volume of the expressed breast milk before and after the use of the DMO (p=0.00). The mothers in the intervention group increased their milk production on an average of 23 ml when other variables affecting the breastfeeding were controlled.Conclusion: The DMO stimulated and increased the milk production of working mothers. It can also be an alternative to the complementary therapy, especially for the nursing care management of breastfeeding mothers.
Extent of Collaboration in Building Academic – Service Partnerships in Nursing
Authors: Tuppal Cyruz P. , Renosa Mark Donald , Al Harthy Said
Published: July 2017

Background: There is a growing concern in the nursing service industries to expand the roles of nurses. A well-developed and planned collaboration between the academic and services in nursing is required. Purpose: This study investigated the extent of collaboration in building academic-service partnerships based on the perceptions of the students, faculty, staff nurses, and nursing administrators. Methods: This study employed a descriptive research design to obtain a thorough picture about the extent of collaboration in building academic and service partnerships. The majority of the participants (n=500) were staff nurses (n=232, 46.4%) from 5 hospitals, students (n=160, 32%) and faculty (n=62, 12.4%) from 7 schools who were informed, consented and selected using a purposive sampling. A questionnaire was used to describe the extent of collaboration. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, and the percentage were used. Results: Students, faculty, nursing administrators and staff nurses assessed the overall extent of collaboration in building academic-service partnerships to a great extent in terms of nursing education redesign, research collaboration, faculty practice, academic and clinical progression, and workforce development. Conclusion: Despite the fact there was a great extent of collaboration in building academic-service partnerships in nursing, the proposed intervention or enhancement program can be an instrument to strengthen the current status of nursing amidst radical reforms in the healthcare delivery.
Improving Self-Efficacy and Physical Self-Reliance of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis through Mindfulness
Authors: Noorratri Erika Dewi , Margawati Ani , Dwidiyanti Meidiana
Published: July 2017

Background: Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) have a low level of medication adherence due to long care terms, side effects of medication and self-awareness. This awareness can be promoted by practicing mindfulness.Purpose: The study aimed to analyze the improvement of self-efficacy and self-reliance of patients with pulmonary TB through mindfulness intervention.Methods: This study employed a quasi-experiment with pre-post-test group design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with 19 patients in the intervention group and 19 patients in the control group. The intervention given was mindfulness. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and delta tests.Results: The study showed an increase of self-efficacy and physical self-reliance in patients in the intervention group with a p-value of <0.05. In the intervention group, there were differences in the activities of taking medication, eating, sleeping, preventing infection, practicing and coping with physical symptoms before and after the intervention. Furthermore, the patients in the intervention group also showed differences in their increased confidence to recover. Mindfulness intervention provided good effects on the patients in the intervention group as it helped them develop more awareness. Conclusion: Mindfulness intervention improved the self-efficacy and physical self-reliance of the patients with pulmonary TB. This study recommends that nurses should apply mindfulness to promote the awareness of the patients.
Attitudes, Belief, and Barriers of Indonesian Oncology Nurses on Providing Assistance to Overcome Sexuality Problem
Authors: Afiyanti Yati
Published: July 2017

Background: Sexuality and problems related to sexuality have been identified as components of nursing care by the nursing profession, nurse educators, other disciplines and patients.Purpose: This study aimed to describe the attitudes and beliefs of the Indonesian oncology nurses towards providing sexual care for the patients with cancer.Methods: The study used a descriptive design. Using convenient sampling method, 135 oncology nurses from three hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia participated in this study.Results: Over 85% of the nurses believed that discussing sexuality with patients is a taboo and private issue. More than 90% of nurses understood that giving a patient permission to talk about sexual concerns is a nursing responsibility. About 73.3% nurses had beliefs that most hospitalized patients are too sick to be interested in sexuality and agreed that sexuality should be discussed if only the patient initiates it. However, more than 70% of the nurses believed that the patients expect nurses to ask about their sexual concerns.Conclusion: This study revealed that inappropriate attitude and belief of nurses on sexuality aspect of their patients might become a barrier in facilitating the needs of cancer patients to manage the sexuality problem caused by cancer and the treatment. Nurses need to overcome those various barriers so that they can increase the quality of life of the cancer patients.
Sensitivity and Specificity of the Comfort Scale to Assess Pain in Ventilated Critically Ill Adult Patients in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Wahyuningsih Indah Sri , Prasetyo Awal , Utami Reni Sulung
Published: July 2017

Background: Pain is a common phenomenon experienced by ventilated and critically ill adult patients. It is urgent to measure the pain among these patients since they are unable to report their pain verbally. Comfort Scale is one of the instruments used to measure pain in adult patients. The scale is used to measure pain among children patients with fairly high sensitivity and specificity.Purpose: This study aimed to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the Comfort Scale to measure pain in the ventilated critically ill adult patients in the ICU.Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with 66 ventilated adult patients in the ICUs of two hospitals in Semarang. The pain assessment was administered to the patients in 2 duplo periods by two observers comparing with the Comfort Scale and Critical Care Pain Observational Tool (CPOT) as a gold standard instrument during the pre and post positioning procedures. The data were analyzed using the receiver operating curve (ROC).Result: The results showed that in the pre-positioning procedure, the Comfort Scale had the sensitivity value of 69% and the specificity value of 81%. Meanwhile, in the post-positioning procedure, the values were decreasing (the sensitivity of 45%, the specificity of 67%). This indicated that the sensitivity value of the comfort scale decreased and could be interpreted that the ability of the instrument to detect pain remained low. Meanwhile, the decrease of the specificity value of the instrument between the pre and post administration was not far different, so it could be interpreted that the instrument can correctly identify the patient without pain.Conclusion: The Comfort Scale had a lower value of sensitivity and specificity in the post-positioning than that in the pre-positioning procedure. It is recommended that further studies should focus on the relationship between sedation and pain by using instruments of pain studies for adult patients (CPOT). Additionally, the hospital policy makers, that is Pain Task Force is expected to give education and training through workshops and seminars about the nurse skills in pain management on critical areas as part of the multidisciplinary team.
A phase-field approximation of the Steiner problem in dimension two
Authors: Chambolle Antonin , Ferrari Luca Alberto Davide , Merlet Benoit
Published: July 2017

In this paper we consider the branched transportation problem in two dimensions associated with a cost per unit length of the form1+β⁢θ{1+\beta\,\theta}, where θ denotes the amount of transported mass andβ>0{\beta>0}is a fixed parameter (notice that the limit caseβ=0{\beta=0}corresponds to the classical Steiner problem). Motivated by the numerical approximation of this problem, we introduce a family of functionals ({ℱε}ε>0{\{\mathcal{F}_{\varepsilon}\}_{\varepsilon>0}}) which approximate the above branched transport energy. We justify rigorously the approximation by establishing the equicoercivity and the Γ-convergence of{ℱε}{\{\mathcal{F}_{\varepsilon}\}}asε↓0{\varepsilon\downarrow 0}. Our functionals are modeled on the Ambrosio–Tortorelli functional and are easy to optimize in practice. We present numerical evidences of the efficiency of the method.
In vitro effects of purine and pyrimidine analogues on Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes
Authors: Azzouz Samira , Lawton Philippe
Published: July 2017

Inhibition of parasite metabolic pathways is a rationale for new chemotherapeutic strategies. The pyrimidine and purine salvage pathways are thus targets against
Redescription of Eutarsopolipus elongatus Regenfuss, 1968 (Acari: Podapolipidae) parasitising carabid beetles, with first description of the male
Authors: Sobhi Mohammad , Hajiqanbar Hamidreza , Mortazavi Abdolazim
Published: July 2017

A species of mites of the genus
The systematic position and structure of the genus Leyogonimus Ginetsinskaya, 1948 (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) with comments on the taxonomy of the superfamily Microphalloidea Ward, 1901
Authors: Kanarek Gerard , Zaleśny Grzegorz , Sitko Jiljí , Tkach Vasyl V.
Published: July 2017

The systematic position, phylogenetic relationships and composition of the genus
Leishmania infantum is present in vaginal secretions of naturally infected bitches at lower levels in oestrogenized bitches than in non-oestrogenized bitches
Authors: Magro Alinne Gonçalves , Assis Viviane Pedersoli , Silva Lucélia Coimbra , Tafuri Wagner Luiz , Silva Soraia Oliveira , Melo Maria Norma , Valle Guilherme Ribeiro
Published: July 2017

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