bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION IN A CONFLICT ZONE - LESSONS LEARNED FROM AWARAN, DISTRICT IN BALOCHISTAN, PAKISTAN
Authors: Ahmed Noman
Published: November 2021

Regions affected by conflict and violence become difficult locations for undertaking routine management and rebuilding. However conditions often arise where input from various stakeholders for relief, rehabilitation and institutional re-vamping become unavoidable. Research and experiences from different contexts inform that outcomes of such interventions have varied results due to unpredictability of contextual conditions, approaches and methodologies adopted for planning and implementations, capacity of personnel involved, available resources and interests of concerned institutions. Awaran district in Balochistan has been impacted by conflict and violence for many years. The impoverished region, apart from social and political turbulence, is recovering from a devastating earthquake that struck the district in September 2013. This paper examines two development interventions in the region; one undertaken by the district administration to streamline the development work through a state sponsored housing reconstruction project and the other by Urban Resource Centre (URC) in collaboration with local communities. Field research for this paper was done during 2014-2015 and comprised review of records, informal discussions with government staff, military officers, community members and working staff of NGOs in the area. After analysing the key findings of these two initiatives, it was found that government sponsored housing reconstruction projects experienced limited success due to usual bureaucratic hurdles and political uncertainties. The community led initiatives were more effective, simple and easy to apply.
A STUDY TO EVALUATE CHILD-FRIENDLY NEIGHBOURHOODS THROUGH A SET OF CHILDFRIENDLY INDICATORS
Authors: Abdullah Alias , Nik Muhammad Nik Munerahanim
Published: November 2021

Children' constitute the majority of the world's population (UNICEF 1998). They represent the survival of humankind to ensure the continuation of the next generation. Children were born into this world, by nature weak in body, senses and mind. Children are eager to accept education from day to day out of their inner curiosity. Hence, understanding children and creating a good and healthy environment must go hand in hand. In relations, providing a safe environment for children to live, play, run errands, and interacts with others are urban planning priority. However, most of the time, urban designs and housing setting are planned specifically for adults without taking into considerations the needs of the growing number of children. Children must be provided with the most supportive environment possible in order to enhance their capability in coping with their surroundings as well as to increase their capabilities to face challenges in future. For the purpose of these, this paper will have an in-depth study regarding the child-friendly environment, and how the neighbourhoods should be in order to create a safe environment for children. This study has selected three neighbourhoods to be evaluated in terms of the degree of their friendliness towards children. A set of Child-Friendly Indicators is applied as a tool for assessing and evaluating these three neighbourhoods. This paper focuses on diverse aspects pertaining to the child-friendly environment especially on the physical aspects. It will also share some of the recommendations to counter various issues in terms of planning for safe neighbourhoods in the future, as well as the recommendations to improve the developed Child-Friendly Indicators.
URBAN HOUSING DEVELOPMENT: TOWN PLANNING ISSUES
Authors: Mohd @ Ahmad Ibrahim , Arbin Ezrin , Ramly Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Town planning is seen to have imposed some degree of constraint on housing development and is discussed in a voluminous literature on the relationship between the planning system and housing land supply. The constraints are believed to have partly contributed to the increase in housing production costs leading to a mismatch between housing supply and demand. Since the government has entrusted the private sector to play an important and bigger role to meet housing needs, local planning authorities and planners should be more cautious in fulfilling their role in housing development. This paper attempts to raise some pivotal aspects of town planning that relate to the problems associated with housing land development in West Malaysia. The primary data was gathered through personal interviews with selected housing developers and analyzed using the factor analysis tool in SPSS. The result of the analysis shows that several aspects of town planning are strongly correlated with development plans and development control factors particularly on land identified for housing, layout planapproval and complying with planning standards.
TOWARDS A SAFE PLACE FOR CHILDREN IN TODAY'S RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBOURHOODS
Authors: A. Alraout Ali
Published: November 2021

Most Arab cities are experiencing tremendous urbanization processes and challenges. Despite the fact that Arab cities are developing fast, social factors in planning and urban design have been neglected. Many of the urban problems that Arab cities experience today result from an unbalanced approach to development, where physical development has been given priority over spiritual, cultural. and social requirements. The concern of the societal needs in urban planning and design is often intended for adults regardless of the growing number and needs of the younger population. This paper focuses on children because their needs are the least considered in planning and design of cities. The paper motivates urban authorities, of the Arab world, to be sensitive to the needs of urban children and to find suitable tools and mechanisms to consider children in their strategic and physical planning process. Towns and cities must be made safe and children friendly. This paper discusses the various forces that influence Arab children in the wake of industrialization, urbanization, 1nodernization, and globalization. It will specifically focus on diverse social and cultural ills that have emerged among Arab children, which are attributed to living in a stressful physical environment, one that neglects their needs and marginalizes their existence in the fabric of the developing cities. This paper will address the following questions: why are cities not planned with the needs of children in mind? What are the characteristics of cities that are positive for children? In addition, the paper calls for a more holistic approach to planning and rephrasing the role of urban planners and designers in producing spaces and places for Arab children where they will enjoy their growing cities and neighborhoods.
URBAN SUSTAINABILITY AND GROWTH MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH-EAST ASIAN CITY REGIONS: THE CASE OF KUALALUMPUR AND HONGKONG
Authors: Teriman Suharto , Yigitcanlar Tan , Severine Mayere
Published: November 2021

Major South-East Asian city-regions have experienced considerable physical, economic and social transformations during the past three decades. The rapid pace of globalisation and economic restructuring has resulted in these city-regions receiving the full impact of urbanisation pressures. In an attempt to ease these pressures, city-regions such as Bangkok, Seoul, Tokyo, Taipei, Hong Kong, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur have advocate growth management approaches giving particular interest to urban sustainability. These approaches promote efforts to achieve the triple bottom line sustainability by balancing economic and social development, and environmental protection, and putting more emphasis on compact and optimum development of urban forms. This paper evaluates the case of two South-East Asian city-regions, Kuala Lumpur and Hong Kong, and assesses their experiences in managing their urban forms whilst promoting sustainable patterns of urban development. The findings show that sustainable urban development initiatives employing a top down approach has yielded encouraging results in these case study city-regions. However the need for a more concerted effort towards the overall sustainability agenda still remains vital.
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR THE PREDICTION OF WATER QUALITY INDEX BASED ON LAND USE ATTRIBUTES USING DATA GENERATION METHOD AND BACK PROPAGATION NETWORK ALGORITHM
Authors: Gorashi Faris , Abdullah Alias
Published: November 2021

Malaysian experts have warned that several major cities, including the capital Kuala Lumpur, could face serious water shortages due to over-pollution of the country's rivers by problems brought about by over-development. As 97 per cent of Malaysia's water supply is sourced from surface water, the main aim of this study was to identify a relationship between water quality and land use attributes. The study which was conducted on Gombak River and its watershed in Malaysia, introduced data generation method for the prediction and forecast of LU/LC data within the watershed. The method used exponential model equation, Lagrange model equation third & fourth degree polynomial fit; saturation growth-rate model in order to generate the required data: and artificial neural network's back propagation network algorithm. The study also introduces the LA-WQI model. This model was developed by associating the appropriate loading factors to a set of sub-indices. The findings revealed that as the activities increased throughout the watershed, the values of WQI quality decreased accordingly. The accuracy of prediction of the proposed LA-WQI ranged from 94.3% to 99.3% between Actual DOE-WQI and LA-WQI for station 18 in Gombak River. The results of predicted WQI obtained using LA-WQI, showed a continuous decrease of water quality. Despite the high accuracy attained by the application of LA-WQI model on Gombak River; it has not yet been tested on other rivers. It is recommended that future studies should be able to further test the current model on a regional scale.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URBAN POPULATION DENSITY AND TRANSPORTATION FUEL CONSUMPTION IN MALAYSIAN CITIES
Authors: Siew Yin Neoh , Chin Siong Ho
Published: November 2021

This paper describes an exploratory study to analyze the relationship between urban population density and transportation energy consumption in the context of urban planning. Urban population density is used because it is commonly accepted as "proxy" for urban form pattern analysis in terms of degree of centralization. This paper reviews sustainable urban form, relationship between urban transportation and urban population density. Based on the secondary data, multi regression analysis on the relationship between urban population density and transportation fuel consumption on Malaysian cities are carried out. In this analysis, three main variables are explored: population density, private vehicle ownership and transportation fuel consumption. In order to understand the relationship between population density and transportation energy consumption, other selected global cities are used as benchmarks in relation to selected Malaysian cities.
Book Review : Handbook of Research on E-Planning - ICTs for Urban Development and Monitoring
Authors: Silva Carlos Nunes , Abdullah Alias
Published: November 2021

This edited book preserits 23 chapters with 454 pages of literatures and case studies on the use of information and communication technologies in urban planning, development and monitoring. With its nomenclature E-Planning, the book provides a comprehensive and in depth elaboration on the theory, concept, methods and tools of the current practices of E-Pl an ning worldwide. ft is a very useful text for students, professionals, academics and government officers interested in learning and understanding about how different forms of E-Planning research have been developed and used.
CLASSIFICATION OF SATELLITE FUSED DATA FOR LAND USE MAPPING IN DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Authors: Mohd Noor Noorzailawati , Abdullah Alias , Hashim Mazlan
Published: November 2021

Land use mapping in development plan basically provides resources of information and important tool in decision making. In relation to this, fine resolution of recent satellite remotely sensed data have found wide applications in land use/land cover mapping. This study reports on work carried out for classification of fused image for land use mapping in detail scale for Local Plan. The LANDSATTM, SPOT Pan and IKONOS satellite were fused and examined using three data fusion techniques, namely Principal Component Transfonn (PCT), Wavelet Transform and Multiplicative fusing approach. The best fusion technique for three datasets was determined based on the assessment of class separabilities and visualizations evaluation of the selected subset of the fused datasets, respectively. Principal Component Transform has been found to be the best technique for fusing the three datasets, where the best fused data set was subjected to further classification for producing level of land use classes while level II and III pass on to nine classes of detail classification for local plan. The overall data classification accuracy of the best fused data set was 0.86 (kappa statistic). Final land use output from classified data was successfully generated in accordance to local plan land use mapping for development plan purposes.
Impact of Internet Use on Cognitive Decline in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Yu Xinyue , Mu Aruhan , Wu Xiang , Zhou Liqin
Published: November 2021

Background

Given that cognitive decline lacks effective treatment options and has severe implications for healthy aging, internet use may achieve nonpharmacological relief of cognitive decline through cognitive stimulation and social engagement.

Objective

This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the relationship between the diversity, frequency, and type of internet use and cognitive decline, and to provide theoretical support and suggestions for mitigating cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

Data were obtained from a total of 10,532 survey respondents from the China Family Panel Studies database from wave 3 (2014) and wave 5 (2018) of the survey. Cognitive function was measured using vocabulary tests, and internet use was categorized into five aspects: study, work, socializing, entertainment, and commercial-related activities. Associations between the diversity, frequency, and type of internet use and cognitive decline were estimated by controlling for demographic variables and health status risk factors through fixed-effects models.

Results

After controlling for demographic and health status risk factors, the type and frequency of internet use were found to be associated with cognitive functioning during the subsequent 4-year period, and different types of internet use had different effects on cognitive decline. Frequency of internet use of at least once a week for study (β=0.620, 95% CI 0.061 to 1.180; P=.04), work (β=0.896, 95% CI 0.271 to 1.520; P=.01), and entertainment (β=0.385, 95% CI –0.008 to 0.778; P=.06), as well as less than once a week for social purposes (β=0.860, 95% CI 0.074 to 1.650; P=.06), were associated with better cognitive function. Frequency of internet use of less than once a week for commercial-related activities (β=–0.906, 95% CI –1.480 to –0.337; P=.005) was associated with poorer cognitive function. Using the internet for more than one type of activity (β=0.458, 95% CI 0.065 to 0.850; P=.03) and at least once a week (β=0.436, 95% CI 0.066 to 0.806; P=.02) was associated with better cognitive function.

Conclusions

This study shows that breadth and depth of internet use are positively associated with cognitive function and that different types of internet use have different roles in cognitive decline. The importance of the internet as a nonpharmacological intervention pathway for cognitive decline is emphasized. Future research could explore specific mechanisms of influence.
Quality of Primary Care for the Adult Population With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Aylward Shannon Marion , Farrell Alison , Walsh Anna , Godwin Marshall , Chafe Roger , Asghari Shabnam
Published: November 2021

Background

A strong primary care system is vital to overall health. Research on the primary care of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has mostly focused on children. A synthesis of the existing literature related to the quality of primary care for the adult population with ASD would elucidate what is known about the topic as well as inform future research and clinical practice.

Objective

The purpose of our scoping review is to describe what is known about the quality of primary care for adults with ASD and identify knowledge gaps.

Methods

Prior to beginning the literature search, we reviewed literature related to defining both primary care and primary care quality to establish the context and concept of the research question. The search strategy was designed and executed by a research librarian. The MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses databases were searched for relevant literature. Grey literature will include relevant reports from government websites and associations with a focus on ASD. Two members of the research team will independently screen the academic and grey literature. Quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods study designs involving the quality of primary care services or patient-centered care for adults with ASD are eligible for inclusion in our scoping review. Studies that make it past the full-text review will undergo data extraction and quality appraisal by 2 independent reviewers. The data extraction results will be presented in a tabular format to clearly present what is known about the quality of primary care for adults with ASD; this table will be accompanied by a narrative synthesis. Literature selected for extraction will be coded for themes, which will form the basis of a thematic synthesis. The scoping review will follow the guidance proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute.

Results

The search of electronic databases was conducted in October 2020, and it returned 2820 results. This research is still in progress. The results from our scoping review are expected to be available by fall 2021.

Conclusions

The results from our scoping review will be useful for guiding future research on the quality of primary care for adults with ASD.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/28196
Temporal Variations and Spatial Disparities in Public Sentiment Toward COVID-19 and Preventive Practices in the United States: Infodemiology Study of Tweets
Authors: Kahanek Alexander , Yu Xinchen , Hong Lingzi , Cleveland Ana , Philbrick Jodi
Published: November 2021

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, US public health authorities and county, state, and federal governments recommended or ordered certain preventative practices, such as wearing masks, to reduce the spread of the disease. However, individuals had divergent reactions to these preventive practices.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to understand the variations in public sentiment toward COVID-19 and the recommended or ordered preventive practices from the temporal and spatial perspectives, as well as how the variations in public sentiment are related to geographical and socioeconomic factors.

Methods

The authors leveraged machine learning methods to investigate public sentiment polarity in COVID-19–related tweets from January 21, 2020 to June 12, 2020. The study measured the temporal variations and spatial disparities in public sentiment toward both general COVID-19 topics and preventive practices in the United States.

Results

In the temporal analysis, we found a 4-stage pattern from high negative sentiment in the initial stage to decreasing and low negative sentiment in the second and third stages, to the rebound and increase in negative sentiment in the last stage. We also identified that public sentiment to preventive practices was significantly different in urban and rural areas, while poverty rate and unemployment rate were positively associated with negative sentiment to COVID-19 issues.

Conclusions

The differences between public sentiment toward COVID-19 and the preventive practices imply that actions need to be taken to manage the initial and rebound stages in future pandemics. The urban and rural differences should be considered in terms of the communication strategies and decision making during a pandemic. This research also presents a framework to investigate time-sensitive public sentiment at the county and state levels, which could guide local and state governments and regional communities in making decisions and developing policies in crises.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF THE WHOLE PLANT OF NEPTUNIA PROSTRATA L. IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED RATS
Authors: JAJO HONEY , GHOSH RAJAT
Published: November 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of the whole plant of Neptunia Prostrata L.

Methods: The whole plant was collected and identified as Neptunia Prostrata L. The collected plants were shade dried and pulverized to fine powdered of particle size (#) 40. It was then defatted with petroleum ether for 24 hour and soaked with methanol and ethanol, respectively. The extracts was filtered and distilled off using a rotary evaporator. The phytochemical screening of the extracts was carried out and thin layer chromatography study was also done. Acute toxicity study and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of the methanolic extract using CCL4 (carbon tetra chloride) induced model was investigated.

Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides (saponins), flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic, steroids and terpenoids. Thin-layer chromatography of the methanolic and ethanolic extracts with their fractions using different solvents were performed by taking petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (2:8) as mobile phase system and were able to observe the presence of many spots. Oral administration of methanolic extract of Neptunia prostrata at doses till 2000 mg/kg was found safe and shows good hepatoprotective activity by showing decreased levels of serum SGOT (serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase), SGPT (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase) and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) when compared with the standard drug silymarin.

Conclusion: The preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanol and ethanolic extract shows phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and chromatographic studies indicates the presence of several components in varying abundance. The decrease of serum bilirubin level by the methanolic extract of the plant shows hepatoprotective activity. It has confirmed the traditional claim for its use in the treatment of jaundice.
IMPORTANCE OF HAIR GROWTH IN HISUTISM: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Authors: AANCHHAL  , MEHRA RAHUL , BARWAL AMIT , GAUTAM SURYA PARKASH
Published: November 2021

The objective of the review is to explain the pathogenesis, causes and various treatment involved in hirsutism. This article discusses the disease’s pathogenesis, causes and diagnosis. This review looks at the main significant type of hairs and clinical studies on the role of several lifestyle therapies in hirsutism development. This review examines the numerous methods that causes hirsutism in order to discover new medicaments. In addition, it covers the various type of hirsutism therapy. Hirsutism, is reported to have the strongest impact on patients’ health-related quality of life, following in descending order by body mass index, irregular menses, and infertility. To assess the types of hairs and pathogenesis, sign and symptoms, as well as causes of hirsutism. Moreover, we studied the management of hirsutism and how to treat this. At least six to nine months of therapy are required to produce improvement in hirsutism. We suggest testing for elevated androgen levels in women with moderate or severe hirsutism or hirsutism of any degree when it is sudden in onset, rapidly progressive, or associated with other abnormalities such as menstrual dysfunction, obesity, or macroclitoris. For women with patient-important hirsutism despite cosmetic measures, we suggest either pharmacological therapy or direct hair removal methods. For pharmacological therapy, we suggest oral contraceptives for the majority of women, adding an Antiandrogens after 6 mo if the response is suboptimal. We recommend against androgen antagonist monotherapy unless adequate contraception is used. We suggest against using insulin-lowering drugs. For women who choose hair removal therapy, we suggest laser/photo epilation.
SYNTHESIS, BIOLOGICAL STUDY, DNA INTERACTION OF MANNICH BASE METAL COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM BENZAMIDE
Authors: SUDHASANKAR SIVAKAMI
Published: November 2021

Objective: Coordination compounds occur widely in nature and they comprise a large share of current inorganic research. The Mannich reaction is a classic method for the preparation of Mannich bases, namely, β amino compounds, which are heterocyclic.

Methods: A novel Mannich base of N-((3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) methyl)benzamide and its coordination complexes with transition metals Mn and Co have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, UV-Visible, IR, NMR, and Mass spectral studies.

Results: Based on the magnetic moment and UV-Visible spectral data, octahedral geometries were assigned for the metal complexes. The metal complexes were screened for antifungal activity.

Conclusion: the metal complexes have shown good activity than the ligand. The binding of selected metal complexes with calf thymus DNA was investigated. It is found that the cobalt (II) metal complex of the ligand showed efficient DNA binding ability.
СИСТЕМА АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОГО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ СБИС, РЕШЕНИЯ SYNOPSYS: ЧТО НОВОГО?
Authors: Иванова Е.Н.
Published: November 2021

Обзор решений компании Synopsys, инструменты имплементации, верификации, IP. Положение компании на рынке.
ЦИФРОВОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ. ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СЕМАНТИЧЕСКОГО ГРАФА ДЛЯ КОДОГЕНЕРАЦИИ И АВТОДОПОЛНЕНИЯ КОДА
Authors: Малышев Н.М.
Published: November 2021

В работе представлены вопросы и задачи, решаемые формированием семантического графа при разборе Verilog-кода для создания компилируемой программы на выбранном языке, в частности на C#. Использование графа также упрощает работу пользователя с текстовым редактором при написании кода за счет подсказок и автодополнений.
СИСТЕМА ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОГО РАСЧЕТА РАБОЧИХ ТОЧЕК ТРАНЗИСТОРОВ ДЛЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ КОНФИГУРАЦИИ И УЧЕТА ВЛИЯНИЯ LDE-ПАРАМЕТРОВ ДЛЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ КМОП 28 НМ
Authors: Надин А.С. , Тюрин А.В. , Шипицин Д.С.
Published: November 2021

В данной работе предложен метод и разработана система предварительного расчета рабочих точек транзисторов, которая позволяет в реальном времени оценить параметры транзисторов с возможностью учета влияния LDE-параметров на этапе pre-layout-моделирования.
ТЕПЛОВОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РАБОТЫ 1,4КВТ ИМПУЛЬСНОГО УСИЛИТЕЛЯ МОЩНОСТИ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ МОДЕЛИ ТУРБУЛЕНТНОСТИ МЕНТЕРА-ЛАНГТРИ В ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЙ ПРОГРАММЕ ALICEFLOW
Authors: Иванов К.А. , Редька Ал.В.
Published: November 2021

В статье рассматривается верификация реализованной в оригинальной программе AliceFlow [1] модели ламинарно-турбулентного перехода Ментера - Лангтри [2] с четырьмя уравнениями переноса для расчета турбулентных характеристик. Производится сравнение программы AliceFlow с программой ANSYS Icepak на примере расчета задачи воздушного охлаждения модуля с тепловой мощностью 1,4 кВт при использовании модели турбулентности Ментера-Лангтри.
СОЗДАНИЕ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫХ САПР ДЛЯ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ СВЧ-УСТРОЙСТВ И ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКОВЫХ ИС: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ
Authors: Бабак Л.И. , Завалин Ю.В.
Published: November 2021

Рассматриваются функции и состав зарубежных САПР СВЧ, а также имеющийся потенциал и разработки в этом направлении в России. Анализируются существующие проблемы, формулируются требования, оцениваются возможности и предлагаются направления создания комплекса отечественных САПР для проектирования СВЧ-устройств и полупроводниковых ИС на базе единой программной платформы.
ЭТАЛОН ЕДИНИЦ КОМПЛЕКСНЫХ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТОВ ОТРАЖЕНИЯ И ПЕРЕДАЧИ МИКРОЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ СТРУКТУР НА ПЛАСТИНЕ
Authors: Бондаренко А.С. , Боровиков А.С. , Малай И.М. , Семёнов В.А.
Published: November 2021

Показана необходимость разработки системы метрологического обеспечения измерений комплексных коэффициентов отражения и передачи современных и перспективных изделий СВЧ-микроэлектроники на пластине в ходе их разработки, испытаний и производства. Предложена схема метрологической прослеживаемости единиц комплексных коэффициентов отражения и передачи микроэлектронных структур, реализованных на пластине, к единицам существующих эталонов. Определен состав разрабатываемого эталона.
БИПОЛЯРНЫЕ МИКРОСХЕМЫ ДРАЙВЕРОВ С ГАЛЬВАНИЧЕСКОЙ РАЗВЯЗКОЙ ДЛЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СИЛОВЫМИ ТРАНЗИСТОРАМИ
Authors: Дик П.А. , Ванюшкин А.В. , Крымко М.М. , Кучерский В.Р.
Published: November 2021

В работе представлены особенности проектирования биполярной интегральной схемы драйверов с гальванической развязкой.
A Chronological Review on Face Detection Algorithms Used in Modern Surveillance Systems
Authors: Rathore Sapna
Published: November 2021

Abstract: The domain of face detection and recognition has fascinated researchers from last many decades due to its varied complexities. As till date various technologies are proposed for the same but fails to encounter every possible challenge during face detection. It has been a major challenge to identify a prominent methodology fully capable to detect and recognize faces challenged by every possible sources of noise and challenges. Environmental noise, scene complexity, occluded environment, etc reasons has been continuously deteriorating the modern surveillance systems. In this article we have reviewed various prominent approaches for facial detection ranging from classical edge based detection to neural network based model. Index Terms: Face detection, challenges, noise, features.
Ergonomic and Psychological Bases of Operational Safety
Authors: Yoqutxon Yoqubjanova
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Depending on the working conditions, jobs are divided into different groups. Of these, special attention should be paid to high-risk and harmful conditions. High-risk work includes work that can result in a high level of injury, trauma, and accidents to the worker during work. Keywords: technical, sanitary, harmful work, harmful factors
Subordinates' performance-prove goal orientation and their perception of abusive supervision
Authors: Mao Hsiao-Yen
Published: November 2021

I investigated the relationship between subordinates' performanceprove goal orientation and their perception of abusive supervision, and examined whether feedback-seeking behavior toward supervisors mediated this link. I collected data using a three-wave survey of 173 employees who were working in a variety of occupations in Taiwan. Empirical results indicate that when subordinates had a performanceprove goal orientation, their perception of abusive supervision was partially decreased through their feedback-seeking behavior toward supervisors. Specifically, those employees with a higher (vs. lower) performance-prove goal orientation sought more feedback from supervisors and, thus, perceived abusive supervision to a lesser degree. These findings contribute to the literature on the antecedents of abusive supervision in terms of subordinate-related factors. Managerial implications are proposed to enable employees to be aware of how their job performance is understood and viewed by their supervisors.
AZERBAYCAN ÇAĞDAŞ BESTECİLERİNDEN KARA KARAYEV’İN ‘‘YEDİ GÜZEL’’ ADLI BALESİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: İMRANİ ÖZTÜRK Nargiz
Published: November 2021

Azerbaycan’ın önemli bestecilerinden olan Kara Karayev’in ‘‘Yedi Güzel’’ balesi Nizami Gencevi’nin aynı isimde olan eserinden etkilenerek yazılmıştır. K. Karayev; Nizami’nin ‘‘Yedi Güzel’’ eserinde işlemiş olduğu konu doğrultusunda kahramanların karakterlerinin özelliklerini ve olay örgüsünün gidişatını belirlemiştir.Yazarın ‘‘Yedi Güzel’’ şiirinde kahramanların karakteri besteci tarafından doğru olarak duyulduğu için kahramanların müzikal karakterlerini onların mensup oldukları halk müziği temalarına uygun melodilere göre bestelenmiştir.‘‘Yedi Güzel’’ eserin müzikoloji bakımdan incelenmesi ve onun musiki medeniyetindeki önemine değinmek amacımızdır.Bu çalışmada nitel bilimsel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan doküman incelemesi ve müzikolojide geliştirilen karşılaştırmalı tarihsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır.Araştırmalar sonucunda Kara Karayev’in ‘‘Yedi Güzel’’ eserinin bir taraftan Batı müzik sanatı ölçülerine göre uygunluğu, diğer taraftan ise Doğu bale müzik sanatında ilk eserlerden biri gibi hususi oluşu önem taşıdı.
Perbandingan Karakteristik Asap Cair Pada Berbagai Grade Dari Pirolisis Batubara
Authors: Saputra Rendi Yuli , Naswir M. , Suryadri Hadistya
Published: November 2021

Asap cair yang dibuat dari proses pirolisis batubara jenis sub-bituminous dilakukan pada temperatur 280-300oC dengan waktu pirolisis selama 4,5 jam. Selanjutnya dilakukan 2 jenis pemurnian yaitu metode distilasi dan adsorpsi untuk menentukan metode yang paling efektif dalam mendapatkan asap cair grade 1, grade 2 dan grade 3. Diketahui bahwa distilasi merupakan metode yang paling efektif dimana pada proses ini didapatkan persen yield pada grade 3 sebesar 92,5%, grade 2 sebesar 92% dan grade 1 sebesar 97,22%. Hal ini dibuktikan pula dengan analisis menggunakan GC-MS didapatkan bahwa asap cair batubara  memiliki kadar asam asetat dan kadar fenol yang tinggi dan kandungan senyawa-senyawa ini berperan penting pada proses pengawetan dan antimikroba.
Analisis Stabilitas Transien dengan Perbaikan Menggunakan Power System Stabilizer pada PT. Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit III Plaju, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Azman Fadhli R , Maison Maison , Tessal Dasrinal
Published: November 2021

Kilang polypropylene Refinery Unit III merupakan kilang bijih plastik terbesar kedua milik Pertamina setelah kilang polypropylene Refinery Unit IV Balongan dan merupakan kilang bijih plastik yang pertama kali dibangun oleh Pertamina. Kilang ini membutuhkan kontinuitas penyediaan tenaga listrik yang baik. Namun, sistem kelistrikan pada umumnya tidak terlepas dari gangguan, baik gangguan besar maupun kecil, dimana gangguan ini dapat bersifat sementara atau tetap. Sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis stabilitas transien untuk mengetahui kehandalan sistem untuk melihat reaksi terhadap gangguan yang terjadi. Dalam penelitian ini, analisis yang dilakukan meliputi kestabilan transien akibat gangguan 3 fasa dan gangguan 1 fasa menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan perangkat lunak simulasi  ETAP 12.6 dengan didapatkan  nilai rata – rata frekuensi = 50,45 Hz , Tegangan = 12, 67 kV , . Sedangkan dengan upaya perbaikan menggunakan Power System Stabilizer (PSS) nilai rata – rata  frekuensi= 50,44 Hz, Tegangan = 12,05 kV , . Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebelum pemasangan PSS, waktu peralihan sistem setelah terjadi gangguan yaitu tegangan 22,1 detik dan sudut tegangan 33,4 detik, dan setelah pemasangan PSS, waktu peralihan lebih baik yaitu tegangan 17,4 detik dan sudut tegangan 28,9 detik.
Pemanfaatan Website Desa untuk Pembangunan: Perspektif Actor-Network Theory
Authors: Destriapani Elsa , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi , Sadono Dwi
Published: November 2021

Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) merupakan salah satu faktor penentu pembangunan desa. Kehadiran TIK menjadi kondisi pendukung (enabling condition) percepatan proses pembangunan di pedesaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis proses pemanfaatan website desa untuk pembangunan berdasarkan perspektif Actor Network Theory di Desa Warungbanten, Kecamatan Cibeber, Kabupaten Lebak, Provinsi Banten. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik penentuan informan dilakukan dengan bola salju (snowball). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemanfaatan website desa melibatkan aktor-aktor dari berbagai pihak dan terjadi melalui translasi. Tahap pertama adalah problematisation diawali dengan keluhan dan keinginan kepala desa untuk membuka akses informasi publik. Selanjutnya tahap interessment terjadi ketika Kaur Keuangan, Relawan TIK, Jurnalis Banten, dan pendamping lokal desa mendukung harapan kepala desa. Tahap enrolment berupa pembagian peran dalam pembuatan website, sehingga terhubung dengan komunitas Open SID. Terakhir, mobilisation adalah ketika warungbanten.id telah dijadikan sebagai website resmi Desa Warungbanten. Berdasarkan proses translasi tersebut aktor yang terlibat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan kepentingan dan pengaruhnya yang terdiri dari key player, subject, context setter, dan crowd. Efek dari penggunaan website desa adalah membuka akses informasi desa, mengelola data desa dengan baik sehingga lebih transparan,membantu masyarakat mempromosikan produk lokal, dan mendapatkan berbagai penghargaan.
Generalized fractional midpoint type inequalities for co-ordinated convex functions
Authors: HEZENCİ Fatih , BUDAK Hüseyin , KARA Hasan , Sarikaya Mehmet Zeki
Published: November 2021

In this research paper, we investigate generalized fractional integrals
to obtain midpoint type inequalities for the co-ordinated convex
functions. First of all, we establish an identity for twice partially
differentiable mappings. By utilizing this equality, some midpoint type
inequalities via generalized fractional integrals are proved. We also
show that the main results reduce some midpoint inequalities given in
earlier works for Riemann integrals and Riemann-Liouville fractional
integrals. Finally, some new inequalities for $k$-Riemann-Liouville
fractional integrals are presented as special cases of our results.
Nonexistence of Global Solutions of Systems of Time Fractional Differential equations posed on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Kirane Mokhtar , abdeljabbar alrazi
Published: November 2021

We first consider the nonlinear time fractional diffusion equation
D^{1+α}u+D^β u−∆_{H} u=|u|^p posed on
the Heisenberg group H, where 1 < p is a positive real nimber
to be specified later; D^δ_{0|t} is the Liouville-Caputo
derivative of order δ. For 0 < α < 1,0 < β
≤ 1. This equation interpolates the heat equation and the wave equation
with the linear damping D^β_{0|t}u. We present the Fujita
exponent for blow-up. Then establish sufficient conditions ensuring
non-existence of local solutions. We extend the analysis to the case of
the system D^{1+α}u+D^β u−∆_{H} u=|v|^q
D^{1+δ}v+D^γ v−∆_{H} v=|u|^p. Our method
of proof is based on the nonlinear capacity method.
A game of Whack-A-Mole: closing multiple ventricular septal defects
Authors: Sainathan Sandeep , Mulinari Leonardo
Published: November 2021

Multiple ventricular septal defects (m-VSD), are a challenging clinical
problem. m-VSD can be onerous to manage. Besides the inability to close
all the defects in one operative setting due to inadequate
visualization, previously undetected defects may become clinically
apparent after the closure of the dominant defects, leading to
inadequate ventricular septation. This increases the morbidity from the
progression of pulmonary hypertension, persistence of congestive cardiac
failure, higher incidence of postoperative heart block, and the need for
reoperations.
Will Someone Be Checking My Work? The Effect of Psychological Entitlement and the Expectation of Being Monitored on Task Performance and Misreporting
Authors: Holderness D. Kip , Olsen Kari Joseph , Thornock Todd A. , Tomlinson Edward C.
Published: November 2021

SYNOPSIS

Psychological entitlement is a sense that one deserves more than others and is correlated with a host of negative workplace behaviors. Because entitled individuals have a strong desire for the approval of others, we examine whether increasing the expectation of being monitored can limit some of these negative behaviors. We find that when the expectation of being monitored is low, psychological entitlement is associated with lower performance and higher misreporting. In contrast, when the expectation of being monitored is high, not only are these behaviors reduced, but performance increases and misreporting decreases for entitled individuals. Our results suggest that expectations of performance monitoring can be used to improve workplace outcomes for entitled employees.
Prevalence and Predictors of Household Food Insecurity and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Use in Youth and Young Adults With Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Malik Faisal S. , Liese Angela D. , Reboussin Beth A. , Sauder Katherine A. , Frongillo Edward A. , Lawrence Jean M. , Bellatorre Anna , Pihoker Catherine , Loots Beth , Dabelea Dana , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth , Jensen Elizabeth , Turley Christine , Mendoza Jason A.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To assess the prevalence of household food insecurity (HFI) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation among youth and young adults (YYA) with diabetes overall and by type, and sociodemographic characteristics.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The study included participants with youth-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. HFI was assessed using the 18-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) administered from 2016 to 2019; three or more affirmations on the HFSSM were considered indicative of HFI. Participants were asked about SNAP participation. We used χ2 tests to assess whether the prevalence of HFI and SNAP participation differed by diabetes type. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine differences in HFI by participant characteristics.

RESULTS

Of 2,561 respondents (age range, 10–35 years; 79.6% ≤25 years), 2,177 had type 1 diabetes (mean age, 21.0 years; 71.8% non-Hispanic White, 11.8% non-Hispanic Black, 13.3% Hispanic, and 3.1% other) and 384 had type 2 diabetes (mean age, 24.7 years; 18.8% non-Hispanic White, 45.8% non-Hispanic Black, 23.7% Hispanic, and 18.7% other). The overall prevalence of HFI was 19.7% (95% CI 18.1, 21.2). HFI was more prevalent in type 2 diabetes than type 1 diabetes (30.7% vs. 17.7%; P <  0.01). In multivariable regression models, YYA receiving Medicaid or Medicare or without insurance, whose parents had lower levels of education, and with lower household income had greater odds of experiencing HFI. SNAP participation was 14.1% (95% CI 12.7, 15.5), with greater participation among those with type 2 diabetes compared with those with type 1 diabetes (34.8% vs. 10.7%; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Almost one in three YYA with type 2 diabetes and more than one in six with type 1 diabetes reported HFI in the past year—a significantly higher prevalence than in the general U.S. population.
Problematferd – avvik eller vanlig ungdomsliv?
Authors: Frøyland Lars Roar
Published: November 2021

This chapter explores three decades of trends in problem behavior among Norwegian adolescents. The aim is to provide new knowledge on changes over time in the overall prevalence of such behavior in the youth population. A group-based analytic design is used to investigate whether there are also tendencies towards polarization in problem behavior, where more young people are refraining from problem behavior while the proportion with serious conduct problems remains constant. The occurrence of problem behavior among Norwegian adolescents has declined significantly in the past three decades, especially from the mid-2000s to the mid-2010s. Over the last few years, however, the trends have changed, with fewer adolescents reporting no problem behavior and more reporting a high degree of it. The change has co-occurred in all youth groups, thereby not resulting in increased polarization.The chapter further discusses several potential explanations of the trends in problem behavior, among them hypotheses related to social inequality, lifestyle, school, and family life. Lifestyle changes caused by the advent of digital media stand out as one of the most prominent explanations of the trends observed in problem behavior, although it is difficult to substantiate this hypothesis with statistical evidence.
Offline, online. Digitale ungdomsliv gjennom tre tiår
Authors: Bakken Anders , Hegna Kristinn , Sletten Mira Aaboen
Published: November 2021

Being a teenager in 2021 is different from being a teenager thirty years ago. Although many of the basic questions related to identity and social belonging are the same, the framework around young people’s everyday life – especially in the digital arena – may have changed so much that our understanding of adolescence should be adjusted. In this chapter, we look closely at what new technology and media have meant for young people during the past three decades, especially in connection with changes in young people’s everyday lives, with an emphasis on how leisure habits and relationships with parents have changed.

Relying on NOVA’s youth surveys from the 1990s onwards, we describe how access to technology and use of digital media, unstructured and structured leisure habits, norm breaking behaviour as well as family relations have changed. The aim is to provide an overall picture of Norwegian young people in these areas. We discuss whether technological changes have been a driving force for understanding changes in other areas of young people’s everyday life. This question is contrasted with other theories about how social change provides guidelines for young people’s transitions, such as theories of emerging adulthood, theories of democratization and intimacy of the family, and a view that independence in adolescence takes new forms when school and education play an increasingly important role in transitions toward adulthood.
Svartmaling av gutter og sykeliggjøring av jenter
Authors: Sletten Mira Aaboen , Rosten Monika Grønli , Vogt Kristoffer Chelsom
Published: November 2021

This chapter explores gendered narratives about young people. We argue that – in recent decades – two clearly gendered problem representations have come to dominate the academic and public debate about youth: “pathologisation of girls” and “negative representations of boys”. For boys the narratives revolve around society’s problems with them. Regarding girls the focus is more on various ways in which societal pressures concerning self-expression and individual performance affect them negatively. In other words, the popular story about pressure and stress among girls today contains an undertone of “poor them”, whereas corresponding representations regarding boys often include a “poor us” assumption. Based on recent research, we discuss the basis for these narratives, how they are expressed, and the role research plays in their emergence and in nuancing the predominant problem representations. Moreover, we demonstrate how such gendered stories about blame and victimization appear in extreme versions when it comes to young Norwegians with minority backgrounds. We discuss how these gendered problem narratives may affect youth policy, views of youth, and not least the young people themselves. What happens when problems that concern a relatively small number of young Norwegians come to dominate narratives about all boys and girls?