bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Schwinger mechanism in QCD, and Fredholm alternatives theorem
Authors: Ferreira M. N. , Papavassiliou J.
Published: August 2024

We present a novel implementation of the Schwinger mechanism in QCD, which fixes uniquely the scale of the effective gluon mass scale and streamlines considerably the procedure of multiplicative renormalization. The key advantage of this method stems from the nonlinear nature of the dynamical equation that generates massless poles in the longitudinal sector of the three-gluon vertex. An exceptional feature of this approach is an extensive cancellation involving the components of the integral expression that determines the gluon mass scale; it is triggered once the Schwinger–Dyson equation of the pole-free part of the three-gluon vertex has been appropriately exploited. It turns out that this cancellation is driven by the so-called Fredholm alternatives theorem, which operates among the set of integral equations describing this system. Quite remarkably, in the linearized approximation this theorem enforces the exact masslessness of the gluon. Instead, the nonlinearity induced by the full treatment of the relevant kernel evades this theorem, allowing for the emergence of a nonvanishing mass scale. The numerical results obtained from the resulting equations are compatible with the lattice findings, and may be further refined through the inclusion of the remaining fundamental vertices of the theory.
Abundant solitary wave solutions to the new extended (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation arising in fluid dynamics
Authors: Şenol Mehmet
Published: August 2024

Nonlinear evolution equations appear in various branches of physics, including fluid dynamics, solid mechanics, quantum mechanics, and other fields. They are essential for describing systems where interactions and nonlinearity play a significant role, providing a more accurate representation of real-world phenomena than linear equations in certain cases. The study of nonlinear evolution equations involves exploring their solutions, stability properties, and the behavior of the systems they describe over time. In this study, we provide plenty of analytical solutions to a very recently proposed water wave model using the modified generalized exponential rational function, modified extended tanh-function, and the [Formula: see text]-expansion methods. To examine the dynamic characteristics of these results, we displayed three-dimensional (3D), contour, and two-dimensional (2D) visual representations of specific solutions. The outcomes reveal a multitude of novel solutions, emphasizing the robustness and effectiveness of the applied methodologies. It is important to note that all the solutions derived in this study are original and have not been previously documented in the existing literature. These novel solutions hold significant value for researchers in the realms of fluids and plasma physics, providing insights into the dynamics of nonlinear waves within various physical systems. Furthermore, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the nature of nonlinear waves prevalent in seas and oceans, offering valuable knowledge for the broader study of such phenomena.
A stage-structured prey–predator interaction model with the impact of fear and hunting cooperation
Authors: Kashyap Ankur Jyoti , Doley Dhanesh , Chen Fengde , Bordoloi Arnab Jyoti
Published: August 2024

One of the most important factors influencing animal growth is non-genetics, which includes factors like nutrition, management and environmental conditions. By consuming their prey, predators can directly affect their ecology and evolution, but they can also have an indirect impact by affecting their prey’s nutrition and reproduction. Preys used to change their habitats, their foraging and vigilance habits as anti-predator responses. Cooperation during hunting by the predators develops significant fear in their prey which indirectly affects their nutrition. In this work, we propose a two-species stage-structured predator–prey system where the prey are classified into juvenile and mature prey. We assume that the conversion of juvenile prey to matured prey is affected by the fear of predation risk. Non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions are demonstrated theoretically. All the biologically feasible equilibrium states are determined, and their stabilities are analyzed. The role of various important factors, e.g. hunting cooperation rate, predation rate and rate of fear, on the system dynamics is discussed. To visualize the dynamical behavior of the system, extensive numerical experiments are performed by using MATLAB and MatCont 7.3. Finally, the proposed model is extended into a harvesting model under quadratic harvesting strategy and the associated control problem has been analyzed for optimal harvesting.
Aeromagnetic data reveals buried Quaternary drainage patterns in the Gulf of St Lawrence (Canada)
Authors: Pinet Nicolas , Brake Virginia
Published: August 2024

Short-wavelength, low-amplitude magnetic anomalies form dendritic patterns on the shallow water (<100 m depth) Magdalen Plateau in the Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada. High-resolution seismic data indicate that these magnetic anomalies are associated with 0.6–2 km wide incised Quaternary valleys with relatively flat bottoms lying 30–70 m below the seafloor. The magnetic signature of the valleys is due to high magnetic susceptibility volcanic detritus derived from the erosion of the volcanic rocks that overlie most of the salt bodies in this area. This study shows that magnetic data may be a useful tool for mapping surficial sediments. These magnetic data provide the first offshore evidence for the direction of major water discharge. It remains unclear whether the valleys were formed by river incision during one or several regional lowstand(s) or from one or several sub-glacial discharge episode(s) across the Magdalen Plateau. The valley evidence should be incorporated into any future palaeogeographical reconstructions.
Model-Driven Development Towards Distributed Intelligent Systems
Authors: Barriga Arturo , Barriga José A. , Pérez-Toledano Miguel A. , Clemente Pedro J.
Published: August 2024

A Distributed Intelligent System (DIS) encompasses a set of intelligent subsystems and components that collaborate to perform tasks and solve problems. Given the advancements of paradigms such as the Internet of Things, along with the advancements of technologies such as Machine Learning and Digital Twins, DISs are on the rise. These systems are increasingly integrating components that perform intelligent functions, and these intelligent functions are increasingly heterogeneous and varied. Moreover, there is no standardized framework to help researchers and practitioners adequately address DISs. As a result, the complexity, interoperability issues, and development time and costs of these systems are growing. However, Model-Driven Development (MDD) can help to address these challenges by providing a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) for developing DISs. In this work, a DSL for the design, validation, generation, and deployment of DISs is proposed. Firstly, the proposed DSL captures in a metamodel the key and high-level abstract concepts of the distinct DISs documented in the literature. Then, it allows modeling of DISs conforming to this metamodel. Subsequently, the DSL enables formal validation of the modeled systems. Lastly, it allows the generation and deployment of all DISs into production. Therefore, the work undertaken in this communication provides a methodological, formal, and standardized approach to defining and developing DISs from a high level of abstraction. This work allows users to address DISs by facilitating agility, minimizing manual tasks, and reducing the number of defects introduced in their development. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed DSL, a real case study of an agricultural digital twin is presented.
XRAD: Ransomware Address Detection Method based on Bitcoin Transaction Relationships
Authors: Wang Kai , Tong Michael , Pang Jun , Wang Jitao , Han Weili
Published: August 2024

Recently, there is a surge in ransomware activities that encrypt users’ sensitive data and demand bitcoins for ransom payments to conceal the criminal’s identity. It is crucial for regulatory agencies to identify as many ransomware addresses as possible to accurately estimate the impact of these ransomware activities. However, existing methods for detecting ransomware addresses rely primarily on time-consuming data collection and clustering heuristics, and they face two major issues: (1) The features of an address itself are insufficient to accurately represent its activity characteristics, and (2) the number of disclosed ransomware addresses is extremely less than the number of unlabeled addresses. These issues lead to a significant number of ransomware addresses being undetected, resulting in a substantial underestimation of the impact of ransomware activities.

To solve the above two issues, we propose an optimized ransomware address detection method based on Bitcoin transaction relationships, named
XRAD
, to detect more ransomware addresses with high performance. To address the first one, we present a cascade feature extraction method for Bitcoin transactions to aggregate features of related addresses after exploring transaction relationships. To address the second one, we build a classification model based on Positive-unlabeled learning to detect ransomware addresses with high performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate that
XRAD
significantly improves average accuracy, recall, and F1 score by 15.07%, 19.71%, and 34.83%, respectively, compared to state-of-the-art methods. In total,
XRAD
detects 120,335 ransomware activities from 2009 to 2023, revealing a development trend and average ransom payment per year that aligns with three reports by FinCEN, Chainalysis, and Coveware.
PMGraph: Accelerating Concurrent Graph Queries over Streaming Graphs
Authors: Mao Fubing , Liu Xu , Zhang Yu , Liu Haikun , Liao Xiaofei , Jin Hai , Zhang Wei , Zhou Jian , Wu Yufei , Nie Longyu , Guo Yapu , Jiang Zihan , Liu Jingkang
Published: August 2024

There are usually a large number of
concurrent graph queries
(CGQs) requirements in streaming graphs. However, existing graph processing systems mainly optimize a single graph query in streaming graphs or CGQs in static graphs. They have a large number of redundant computations and expensive memory access overhead, and cannot process CGQs in streaming graphs efficiently. To address these issues, we propose
PMGraph
, a software-hardware collaborative accelerator for efficient processing of CGQs in streaming graphs. First, PMGraph centers on fine-grained data, selects graph queries that meet the requirements through vertex data, and utilizes the similarity between different graph queries to merge the same vertices they need to process to address the problem of a large amount of repeated access to the same data by different graph queries in CGQs, thereby reducing memory access overhead. Furthermore, it adopts the update strategy that regularizes the processing order of vertices in each graph query according to the order of the vertex dependence chain, consequently effectively reducing redundant computations. Second, we propose a CGQs-oriented scheduling strategy to increase the data overlap when different graph queries are processed, thereby further improving the performance. Finally, PMGraph prefetches the vertex information according to the global active vertex set Frontier of all graph queries, hiding the memory access latency. It also provides prefetching for the same vertices that need to be processed by different graph queries, reducing the memory access overhead. Compared with the state-of-the-art concurrent graph query software systems Kickstarter-C and Tripoline, PMGraph achieves average speedups of 5.57× and 4.58×, respectively. Compared with the state-of-the-art hardware accelerators Minnow, HATS, LCCG, and JetStream, PMGraph achieves the speedup of 3.65×, 3.41×, 1.73×, and 1.38× on average, respectively. Experimental results show that our proposed PMGraph outperforms the state-of-the-art concurrent graph processing systems and hardware accelerators.
US Markers and Necroinflammation, Steatosis, and Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction–associated Steatotic Liver Disease: The iLEAD Study
Authors: Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Moriyasu Fuminori , Dioguardi Burgio Marco , Vilgrain Valérie , Jesper Daniel , Strobel Deike , Blank Valentin , Karlas Thomas , Grant Edward G. , Kelahan Linda C. , Gabriel Helena , Choi Byung Ihn , Nishimura Takashi , Iijima Hiroko , Dubinsky Theodore J. , Gao Jing , Lee Dong Ho , Lee Jae Young , Zhao Yanan , Huang Pintong , Zeng Jie , Lim Adrian , Xie Xiaoyan , Barr Richard G. , Cantisani Vito , Ferraioli Giovanna , Sakamaki Kentaro , Itoi Takao , Kage Masayoshi , Yano Hirohisa
Published: August 2024

US dispersion slope was associated with lobular inflammation at histologic examination and demonstrated fair performance for identifying moderate to severe lobular inflammation in patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease.
Using AI to Identify Unremarkable Chest Radiographs for Automatic Reporting
Authors: Plesner Louis Lind , Müller Felix C. , Brejnebøl Mathias W. , Krag Christian Hedeager , Laustrup Lene C. , Rasmussen Finn , Nielsen Olav Wendelboe , Boesen Mikael , Andersen Michael B.
Published: August 2024

A commercial AI tool used off-label correctly excluded pathology in 24.5%–52.7% of unremarkable chest radiographs at greater than or equal to 98% sensitivity, with lower rates of critical misses than radiology reports.
The Development of a Versatile Activation Protocol for Carbon-Infused Thermoplastic-Based 3D Printed Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: Glasco Dalton Lee , Elhassan Manar M , McLeod William T , Bell Jeffrey Gordon
Published: August 2024

Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics is rapidly expanding as researchers continually develop advanced sensors and integrated devices with the goal of streamlining on-site detection and analysis. Recently, the utilization of 3D printing for rapid fabrication of housings, electrodes, and sensors for use at the POC has been realized and exploited towards diverse applications. Particularly interesting is the use of 3D printed carbon electrodes (3DpCEs) in POC diagnostics owing to its simplicity, affordability, and mass production capabilities for developing selective and sensitive sensors either for direct use or through post-printing surface modifications. Herein, a comprehensive investigation of an alkaline-assisted electrochemical activation (AAEA) protocol for the fabrication of sensitive and selective 3DpCEs was completed. In this study we explored the influence and effect of basicity, activation cycles, activation time, and scan rate. Following the optimization of the activated 3DpCEs, a comparative study was performed using nonactivated and alkaline immersed 3DpCEs, where AAEA 3DpCEs demonstrated higher current responses, improved reversibility, and significantly increased reproducibility. The AAEA protocol for 3DpCEs also provides a versatile modification protocol for the design of sensors capable of selectively detecting biomolecules in the presence of potential interferents. Using the developed protocol, the AAEA 3DpCEs were applied toward i) the selective separation and sensing of catechol and hydroquinone and ii) the detection of glucose using copper deposited 3DpCEs.
Hypoxia Stimulates PYGB Enzymatic Activity to Promote Glycogen Metabolism and Cholangiocarcinoma Progression
Authors: Pan Yani , Zhou Yue , Shen Yonghua , Xu Lei , Liu Hongwen , Zhang Nannan , Huang Tianlu , Meng Kui , Liu Yu , Wang Lishan , Bai Ge , Chen Qi , Zhu Yun , Zou Xiaoping , Wang Siliang , Wang Zhangding , Wang Lei
Published: August 2024

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) displays enhanced glycolysis, pivotal for fulfilling the heightened energy demands intrinsic to its malignant progression. Recent research has indicated that endogenous glycogen rather than exogenous glucose acts as the major carbon source for glycolysis, highlighting the need to better understand the regulation of glycogen homeostasis in CCA. Here, through comprehensive integrative analysis, we identified that glycogen phosphorylase brain form (PYGB), the main enzyme involved in glycogen homeostasis, was markedly upregulated in CCA tissues, serving as an independent prognostic indicator for human patients with CCA. Moreover, elevated PYGB expression potentiated cholangiocarcinogenesis and augmented CCA cell proliferation in both organoid and xenograft models. Hypoxia stimulated PYGB activity in a phosphoglycerate kinase 1–dependent manner, leading to glycogenolysis and the subsequent release of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and thereby facilitating aerobic glycolysis. Notably, a virtual screening pinpointed the β-blocker carvedilol as a potent pharmacologic inhibitor of PYGB that could attenuate CCA progression. Collectively, these findings position PYGB as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CCA.

 Significance: Cholangiocarcinoma cells exhibit high glycogen phosphorylase activity under hypoxic conditions that mediates metabolic reprograming to promote glycolysis and support tumor development.
A Large Cohort Study of Height and Mammographic Density in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk among Korean Women
Authors: Park Ga Eun , Kim Sung Hun , Han Kyungdo
Published: August 2024

Background:

Height and mammographic breast density are well-known risk factors for breast cancer. This study aims to investigate the association between height and mammographic density with breast cancer risk in a large population-based cohort of Korean women.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study included 4,851,115 women ages 40 and older who underwent screening mammography through the Korean National Cancer Screening Program between 2009 and 2014 and were followed up until 2016. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations among height, mammographic density, and breast cancer risk.

Results:

A taller stature was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, with women in the highest quintile of height (Q5) having a 1.54-fold (95% CI, 1.49–1.59) greater risk than those in the lowest quintile (Q1). When analyzing breast cancer risk based on height and mammographic density, women in the highest quintile for height (Q5) with extremely dense breasts had a 4.51-fold (95% CI, 4.24–4.79) greater risk than those in the lowest quintile (Q1) with almost entirely fatty breasts (Ptrend < 0.001).

Conclusions:

This first study to simultaneously examine these two variables found that height and mammographic density were independently associated with breast cancer risk in this large cohort of Korean women.

Impact:

Height and mammographic density can help stratify risk in screening populations for breast cancer. Careful consideration of screening strategies may be beneficial for taller women with dense breasts.
Notas para o estudo dos caracinídeos brasileiros (Peixes – gênero Chalcinus Cuv. e Val., 1849)
Authors: Ribeiro Paulo de Miranda
Published: August 2024

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Novos tomisidas brasileiros
Authors: Soares B. M.
Published: August 2024

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Sobre alguns gêneros e espécies de Heptapsogastridae (Mallophaga) – III
Authors: Guimarães Lindolpho R.
Published: August 2024

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A passibilidade no gesto de pintar
Authors: Resende José Manuel , Carvalho José Maria
Published: August 2024

The concept of experience, as  suggested by pragmatism, forces us  to think about activity together with passibility. The objective of the article is to substantiate the centrality of the latter in artistic creation and to think under what modalities it is experienced empirically by painters in the pictorial gesture. Based on  ethnographic research carried out in a social and psychiatric support institution where there is a painting studio with the aim of empowering its users, we conclude that passibility (i) can turn outwards during the pictorial process, or (ii) towards the interior, giving rise to an introspective  moment that serves as a motto for painting. We thus demonstrate that passivity and activity are intrinsically coupled in painting.
O lugar da crítica na teoria dos meios de comunicação de massa de Niklas Luhmann
Authors: Palmieri Emerson
Published: August 2024

Although Niklas Luhmann did not  produce a work with a critical objective, his sociological theory  holds unexplored potential that can  be used to advance critical analyzes of various social dimensions (economics, law, politics, etc.). We chose, here, to  use these potentials to observe thepossibilities of making a critique regarding the dimension of the mass media system. We argue that, in it, criticism reveals itself (1) in the observation of the arbitrariness of the social values that the media construct and (2) in the ignorance of the communicative plurality of modernity, which in turn (3) allows us to see the theory of Luhmann as one that reveals absurdities.
Pesquisa e engajamento em policiamento: entrevista com Adam Crawford
Authors: Patriarca Gabriel
Published: August 2024

Nesta entrevista realizada em outubro de 2023, o criminólogo Adam Crawford – professor nas Universidades de York e Leeds, no Reino Unido – discute as influências e os interesses ao longo de sua carreira; os conceitos elaborados e aplicados em seus trabalhos sobre policiamento, segurança e temas subjacentes; os princípios que norteiam seu engajamento ativo em projetos colaborativos que envolvem universidades, polícias e outras organizações governamentais e não governamentais; bem como ideias para pesquisas futuras sobre prevenção do crime, redução de danos e vulnerabilidades.
Entrevista com Yves Sintomer
Authors: Sierra Vânia Morales , Cruz Fernanda Natasha Bravo
Published: August 2024

Yves Sintomer é referência em inúmeros trabalhos acadêmicos relacionados às teorias da democracia e às novas formas de representação política, incluindo as experiências de democracia participativa, democracia deliberativa, assembleias cidadãs, sorteio político, orçamento participativo. Professor de ciência política da Universidade Paris 8 e pesquisador do Centro de Pesquisas e Estudos Sociológicos e Políticos de Paris (CRESPPA), ele também é membro associado do Nuffield College, na Universidade de Oxford, e professor associado na Universidade dos Países Bascos e na Universidade de Neuchâtel. Esta entrevista versa  sobre a crise das democracias e as inovações políticas experimentadas em diversos lugares no mundo, inclusive no Brasil. A abordagem se concentrou sobre os desafios, possibilidades e limites dos regimes democráticos no contexto atual.
Introdução: por uma Sociologia do Racismo
Authors: Guimarães Antonio Sérgio Alfredo , Campos Luiz Augusto , Gato Matheus
Published: August 2024

Se o racismo se tornou um tema totalmente legitimado no debate público contemporâneo, a sua investigação sociológica deixa às vezes por desejar. Se é natural e até mesmo desejável que o racismo brasileiro seja uma premissa dos movimentos políticos que buscam denunciá-lo, o mesmo não deveria ser válido para a pesquisa sociológica interessada em entender suas dinâmicas. Neste texto, destacamos as orientações gerais dos autores deste dossiê no sentido da produção de uma sociologia do racismo brasileiro atenta a seus mecanismos empíricos de funcionamento, impactos sociais e lógicas internas. Para tal, destacamos a centralidade de uma noção implícita ou explícita de raça nos processos de racialização e tratamento diferencial.
PL 442/17 de Marielle Franco: conflitos e contingências entre movimento feminista e antiaborto
Authors: Gonçalves Ana Carolina de Oliveira , Cagetti Carolina , Santos Iara Amora dos
Published: August 2024

The attack on sexual and reproductive rights is carried out in a strategic and constant manner. In this article, the objective is to analyze the discourse used in these attacks, through the speeches of parliamentarians during the voting on Bill 442/17, by Marielle Franco, in the City Council of Rio de Janeiro, in 2023. Thus, through listening to the records of the voting and bibliographic material, it was possible to observe the discursive resources and the mode of operation of anti-abortion groups. It is worth noting that, in this work, we chose not to make these political figures visible, and therefore, the transcriptions of speeches by councilors in favor of these groups were identified by numbering rather than by names.
Feminina ou Feminista: Estratégias de Mobilização Política nos Partidos PL e PSOL
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Bouzan , Alves Ayanne Caroline de Almeida , Oliveira Carolina Althaller Maia de
Published: August 2024

No Brasil, observa-se um cenário desigual quando se trata da ocupação de cargos eletivos por mulheres na política. Apesar da maioria feminina no eleitorado, constata-se a reduzida presença de mulheres nos espaços de poder. Contudo, essa parcela do público vem ganhando maior espaço e mobilizando iniciativas dedicadas a mudar essa conjuntura. O presente trabalho analisa as ações voltadas para mulheres de dois partidos com forte presença digital: o Partido Liberal (PL) e Partido Socialismo e Liberdade (PSOL), abordando nomes relevantes dentro deles como Michelle Bolsonaro e Erika Hilton. O objetivo é investigar as estratégias de mobilização política de mulheres, bem como o antagonismo que se coloca por meio da disputa narrativa em torno do feminismo e antifeminismo.
Ensino religioso no Brasil e na Argentina: entre confessionalidades e laicidades
Authors: Montero Paula , Borges Guilherme , Copetti Agostina Belén , Armando Sofía
Published: August 2024

2017 was a crucial year for defining the place and model of religious education to be taught in public schools in both Brazil and Argentina. With a difference of less than three months between one decision and the next, the Supreme Courts of these countries dealt with the constitutionality of the rules that guaranteed the provision and teaching of this subject in state establishments. In this article, we will analyze the justifications presented by the courts to support their decisions, investigating in these contexts how legal common sense shapes, defines and establishes the limits of the religious and the non-religious. In other words, rather than evaluating the merits and legitimacy of the implementation of religious education in public schools, our aim is to make visible the narratives and discourses through which the members of the Supreme Federal Courts of the two countries under analysis give materiality to what they understand by (non) religion.
Ensino religioso nas escolas públicas: origem e desenvolvimento do projeto católico
Authors: Cunha Luiz Antônio
Published: August 2024

The article presents the religious education project of the Catholic Church in reaction to republican secularism in Brazil. After successive approaches, this project was decreed for the entire country in 1931 and incorporated by the Federal Constitution of 1934: elementary, secondary, professional and teaching schools should offer religious education during class hours, optional for students. Starting with the 1988 Constitution, dissent in the Catholic segment intended to replace the confrontation with a hegemonic dispute within the educational field, in the context of a religious field undergoing profound and rapid change. Different legal norms, originating from different demands, defined this discipline in divergent modalities, confessional and non-confessional. Originating from the religious field, the conflict was installed in the educational field, with no prospect of a solution.
Avaliação da aprendizagem no ensino fundamenta: entre notas e proficiências
Authors: Alavarse Ocimar Munhoz , Lima Gildemar Feliz de , Romeiro Vitor Moura
Published: August 2024

Resumo do Congresso de Graduação da USP 2021.
O aprender e ensinar na comunidade indígena: uma experiência no projeto "Huka Katu"
Authors: Mestriner Junior Wilson , Mestriner Soraya Fernandes , Lago Luana Pinho de Mesquita , Fumagalli Igor Henrique Teixeira
Published: August 2024

Resumo do Congresso de Graduação USP 2021.
Analiza utjecaja starenja medicinskih sestara na profesiju sestrinstva u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Gorupić Blaženka , Liber Vesna
Published: August 2024

Rad proučava utjecaj demografskog starenja na zdravstveni sustav i sestrinsku profesiju u Hrvatskoj, s naglaskom na integraciju starije populacije u društvo radi izbjegavanja njihove pasivizacije. U uvodu se razmatra složenost fenomena starenja, uključujući porast udjela osoba starijih od 65 godina u ukupnom stanovništvu, promjene u percepciji starenja te njegove socijalne i zdravstvene implikacije.Poseban je fokus rada na starenju medicinskih sestara u Hrvatskoj, pri čemu se analiziraju demografski trendovi koji pokazuju povećanje starosne strukture stanovništva i njihove posljedice na radnu snagu u zdravstvu. Razmatra se jaz između rastućih potreba za zdravstvenom skrbi i dostupnosti kvalificiranog osoblja, uzimajući u obzir kako starenje radne snage utječe na kapacitete zdravstvenog sustava.U zaključku se ističe važnost očuvanja radne snage u sestrinstvu. Preporučuje se promicanje suradnje među generacijama medicinskih sestara i kreiranje prilagođenih politika umirovljenja koje bi maksimalno iskoristile iskustvo starijih medicinskih sestara. Naglasak je na osiguranju kvalitetne zdravstvene skrbi, prevladavanju izazova nedostatka radne snage i unapređenju profesionalnog zadovoljstva tijekom svih faza karijere medicinskih sestara.
Skrb za bolesnike s velikim kožnim tumorima glave i vrata
Authors: Grabovac Đurđica , Grabovac Stjepan , Vukmanić Daliborka , Pokec Ivan
Published: August 2024

Uvod: U svakodnevnom radu zdravstveni djelatnici skrbe za populaciju bolesnika koji imaju vidljive kožne tumore u predjelu glave i vrata. Postavlja se pitanje zašto pojedini bolesnici s velikim tumorima kože na skrb zdravstvenih djelatnika dolaze u uznapredovanoj fazi bolesti. Velik je izazov održati dostojanstvo bolesnika kad je narušen njegov fizički izgled. Skrbi za takvog bolesnika treba pristupiti timskim radom. Cilj: Cilj je istraživanja ispitati koji su razlozi kasnog javljanja bolesnika s velikim tumorima kože glave i vrata na liječenje, kojoj populaciji oni pripadaju te kako senzibilizirati bolesnike i društvo u cjelini o važnosti pravovremenog javljanja u zdravstvenu ustanovu. Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su bili bolesnici s velikim tumorima kože glave i vrata koji su se javili u Ambulantu za tumore kože, odjela Otorinolaringologije Opće bolnice „Dr. Anđelko Višić“ Bjelovar u vremenskom razdoblju od 2021. do 2022. godine. Ukupno je bilo 20 bolesnika. Ispitivanje se provelo uvidom u anamnestičke i heteroanamnestičke podatke. Korištenje podataka iz dokumentacije bolesnika odobrilo je Etičko povjerenstvo ustanove. Rezultati: Uvidom u dobivene podatke evidentno je da se bolesnici mogu kategorizirati u skupinu kompleksnih pacijenata, što znači da je razlog kasnog javljanja bolesnika na liječenje u njihovoj medicinskoj kompleksnosti, socioekonomskim faktorima i duševnim bolestima koje pogoršavaju zdravstveno stanje, te u bolesnikovu ponašanju i osobinama. Socijalna anamneza bolesnika pokazuje da od 20 bolesnika, samo njih 5 živjelo je samo, dok je 15 bolesnika živjelo u svojim primarnim obiteljima ili su bili smješteni u neku od institucija. Zaključak: Riječ je o kategoriji kompleksnih bolesnika koji često nisu svjesni stanja u kojem se nalaze, što je razlog kasnog javljanja na liječenje. Zajedničko djelovanje medicinske i socijalne skrbi dovodi do uspjeha u liječenju i rehabilitaciji takvih bolesnika.
First record of male-male combat in the Yellow-bellied Puffing Snake Spilotes sulphureus (Wagler, 1824)
Authors: Araújo Gabrieli , Ramalho Renan , Almeida-Santos Selma
Published: August 2024

Male ritual combat is an intraspecific agonistic interaction associated with competition for food, mating and territory and has been described for several neotropical snakes. Here, we provide the first record of male-male combat in Spilotes sulphureus in Brazilian Atlantic Forest based on one fortuitous videotaped encounter. Males remained partially coiled in a vertical position during combat and performed various displays (e.g., downward push, tumble, vertical display and orientation, dorsal hyperextension, pinning and lyre-shaped) including some that were also observed during defensive behaviour (e.g., gular inflation, neck S-coil and latero-lateral flattening). Our observations bring new information about the natural history of S. sulphureus and show that this species shares some aspects of male-male combat with other colubrids, including S. pullatus, but a more in-depth study is necessary to understand the reproductive biology of this species.
Revision of the genus Bryodemina Hull (Diptera, Bombyliidae, Lomatiinae) with descriptions of two new Neotropical species
Authors: LAMAS CARLOS J.E. , YAMAGUCHI CAROLINA , EVENHUIS NEAL L.
Published: August 2024

The New World genus Bryodemina Hull is revised. Two new species are herein described and illustrated: Bry. enigmatica sp. nov. from Brazil and Bry. ayalai sp. nov. from Venezuela. The results of a detailed morphological study, based on types and material deposited in many collections of the world, shows that Brachydemia Hull should be considered as a junior synonym of Bryodemina Hull, syn. nov. and Bra. latisoma Hull as junior synonym of Bra. hedickei (Paramonov), syn. nov. Illustrations of the external morphology of adults and male and female terminalia for all valid species are presented. A distribution map including all examined records, an identification key to species together with a preliminary biogeographic discussion are also added.
An update on the genus Sparianthis Simon, 1880 (Sparassidae: Sparianthinae)
Authors: CASAS CRISTIAN M. , RHEIMS CRISTINA A.
Published: August 2024

Seven new species of the genus Sparianthis Simon, 1880 are described and illustrated: S. chicaque spec. nov. (♂♀), S. iguaque spec. nov. (♂), S. medina spec. nov. (♂♀) and S. tuparro spec. nov. (♂♀) from Colombia, and S. boibumba spec. nov. (♂), S. cascalheira spec. nov. (♂) and S. matupiri spec. nov. (♂) from Brazil. The female of S. megalopalpa (Caporiacco, 1954) is newly described and new distribution records are provided for S. caracarai Rheims, 2020, S. chickeringi (Gertsch, 1941), S. megalopalpa and S. ravida (Simon, 1898). The identification key is updated and new distribution maps are provided for all known species of the genus.
The Diffusion of Exclusion: Medieval Expulsions of Jews
Authors: Doten-Snitker Kerice
Published: August 2024

What social processes guide the spread of ethnic or racial exclusion? I investigate the diffusion of medieval expulsions of Jews among over 500 polities in the western Holy Roman Empire, 1385–1520 CE. For medieval governors, religious and material concerns were strong rationales against expulsion. Yet expulsions increase markedly in the 15th century. Did an expulsion by one government affect another government’s choices about expulsion? I appraise three common theories of policy diffusion: learning, social reinterpretation, and social structural and resource constraints. Statistical models provide evidence only for the latter two. While theological changes gave expulsion fresh political value, the adoption of expulsion followed political and economic incentives that were embedded in inter-city relationships of power and dependency. The results indicate that social influence, especially spatial proximity, cannot be assumed to accelerate ethnoracial extremism.
Radical Climate Movements: Associations Between Government Response and Public Support
Authors: Sprengholz Philipp , Meier Vanessa Tanja
Published: August 2024

Numerous movements protest for more restrictive climate policies, sometimes with radical actions, such as road blockades or paint attacks. A German study with 1,132 participants investigated the impact of government responses on public support for such movements using the Last Generation as a case study. Contrary to expectations, highlighting strict government responses did not increase support, particularly among those who felt existing climate policies were inadequate. This may be explained by widespread resentment against the Last Generation; further analyses showed that donations were indeed high when participants perceived the government response as strict and inappropriate but that this perception was rare. The results suggest that radical protests are less suitable for driving policy change when public support for the movement is low, as they may trigger harsh government responses that damage the movement while not contributing to its mobilization.
Pride and Prejudice: The Dual Effects of “Wolf Warrior Diplomacy” on Domestic and International Audiences
Authors: Xu Weifang
Published: August 2024

China has shifted its foreign policy from careful diplomacy to “wolf warrior diplomacy” (WWD). I argue that WWD increases the Chinese public’s support for their government. However, foreign audiences are likely to view WWD as aggressive and threatening; as a result, WWD has dual effects, increased security for the regime at the domestic level and heightened tensions at the international level. To examine these hypotheses, I conducted preregistered parallel experiments, in which I presented identical sets of survey vignettes to Chinese and American citizens. The results show that WWD significantly increases the Chinese public’s support for their government. However, this diplomatic rhetoric also antagonizes the U.S. public and bolsters their support for aggressive foreign policies toward China. These findings contribute to our understanding of the dual effects of authoritarian diplomacy in the global arena where national leaders face a trade-off between preserving domestic support and triggering international hostility.
Extremal properties of connected 4-cyclic graphs of a topological index related to chemical graphs
Authors: Rehman Riffat , Tariq Rahim M. , Muzaffar Haseeb , Hussain Fawad
Published: August 2024

Augmented Zagreb index (AZI) is an important vertex-degree-based topological index with many applications especially in chemistry. In this article, minimum value of [Formula: see text] is obtained and the corresponding extremal graph is characterized in the class of connected 4-cyclic graphs with seven or more vertices. These results can be used to characterize numerous chemical properties of chemical compounds having 4-cyclic structures.
Exploration and application prospect of the advanced technology of time–temperature indicators
Authors: Yang Lan , Yuan Qianyu , Li Ting-Ting , Lou Ching-Wen , Hung Chun‐Yu , Lin Jia-Horng
Published: August 2024

The time–temperature indicator (TTI) is a kind of indicator that can monitor the safety of food, drugs and other products. It produces the cumulative effect of time–temperature through physical and mechanical deformation, chemical or biological reaction, and makes an irreversible and obvious color change, so as to record the temperature change course experienced by products. This review details the selection and characteristics of TTI materials in the last 15 years. The classification of TTIs, such as enzyme type, chemical type, microbial type, diffusion type, nanomaterial type and Maillard type, self-healing type and electronic type, are described in detail. Finally, the application of TTIs in various kinds of food packaging, such as meat products, aquatic products, fruits and vegetables and dairy products, is emphatically studied. This review provides ideas for the further improvement and research of TTIs, and provides a reference for the performance of TTIs in other commercial fields.
Colonial Island Enclave and Discourses of Urban Modernization in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Lin Tingcong , Su Ping
Published: August 2024

This article traces Guangzhou’s urban modernization in the late-Qing and early-Republican eras, with an emphasis on official and public discourses. Focus is placed on interactions between the colonial island enclave of Shamian, separated from the mainland by the Shaji Canal, and the Changdi waterfront that was built on the mainland as a Chinese reaction to the foreign island. Shamian and its Bund exhibited a Western urban modernity that prompted both admiration and anticolonial sentiment in the wider Chinese community. Guangzhou’s government reacted to developments on Shamian by constructing Changdi as a modern waterfront district on the north shore of the Pearl River, opposite Shamian. Discourses of urban modernization evolved and underwent cross-cultural exchange throughout. This article takes an island studies approach to analyze the spatial and discursive coproduction of the geographically restricted nearshore island as a colonial enclave and the vast Chinese mainland city striving for self-determination and urban modernization.
Smart grid stability prediction model using two-way attention based hybrid deep learning and MPSO
Authors: Lilhore Umesh Kumar , Dalal Surjeet , Radulescu Magdalena , Barbulescu Marinela
Published: August 2024

In smart grid management, precise stability prediction is a complicated task that adds to the effective allocation of resources with grid stability. Specifically, demand-side management is considered an essential element of the overall Smart Grids system. Hence, predicting future energy demands is crucial to regulating consumption by aligning utility offerings with consumer demand. This research presents a hybrid deep learning model (Convolutional Neural Network [CNN] with Bi-LSTM) with a two-way attention method and a multi-objective particle swarm optimization method (MPSO) for short-term load prediction from a smart grid. The proposed hybrid model utilizes a two-way attention method at its encoding and decoding stages, in which an encoding attention layer helps to recognize all the essential features from an input vector, and a decoding attention layer helps to resolve the fixed context vector problem by offering better memory capacity. A CNN and Bi-LSTM are used to capture the essential features from the dataset. We also utilize a t-Nearest Neighbours algorithm to pre-process the initial dataset. An MPSO method combines the features of CNN and Bi-LSTM methods, resulting in better prediction accuracy. As far as we know, it is the first work to suggest a dynamic short-term load prediction model that considers different significant features and enables precise predicting outcomes. The performance of the proposed model and existing well-known deep learning models such as Recurrent Neural Network, Gated Recurrent Unit, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Time Series Transformer, CNN-LSTM and various performance measuring parameters MAE, MSE, MAPE and RMSE are calculated on online UCI dataset (Electrical Grid Stability Simulated Dataset). The proposed hybrid model achieved a better prediction result, which proves the efficiency of the proposed model.
Longitudinal Trajectories of Self-Reported Cognitive Function and Associated Factors Among Older Cancer Survivors
Authors: Son Youn-Jung , Baek Kyoung-Hwa , Kim Eun Young
Published: August 2024

Background:

Cancer-associated cognitive decline may result in difficulties in maintaining daily life activities for older patients with cancer. It is, therefore, critical to identify changes in cognitive function throughout illness trajectories.

Aim:

To determine the longitudinal patterns and factors associated with cognitive function among older cancer survivors.

Methods:

A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2012 to 2020 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging database. A total of 207 cancer survivors aged 60 years and above were included in the analysis. Latent class growth modeling was employed to identify the trajectories of self-reported cognitive function, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with these trajectories.

Results:

The cognitive function of older adults with cancer was divided into 2 distinct trajectories, characterized by differences in intercept (8) and slope (0.7): the “low and declining class” and the “high and sustainable class.” The proportion of individuals belonging to the “high and sustainable class” (n = 153, 73.9%) was significantly and considerably higher than those in the “low and declining class” (n = 54, 26.1%). Individuals with low and declining cognitive function were more likely to be older, have a lower education level, live in rural areas, have poor handgrip strength, experience depression, and have lower social participation compared to those with high and sustainable cognitive function.

Conclusions:

Our findings can help health care professionals develop tailored interventions for older cancer survivors with low cognitive function based on their physical and mental health status, as well as their environmental backgrounds.
Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Fear of Dependency Scale Into European Portuguese
Authors: Pires Patrícia Maria , Carvalho Joana , Pires Telma , Pires Carlos , Ribeiro Oscar
Published: August 2024

Background:

Dependency is defined as a person’s inability to meet basic human needs. In the context of aging, biopsychosocial changes compromise functionality, predisposing older adults to rely on others to perform daily activities. Fear of dependency describes the fear people have of appearing and/or being weak and/or reliant on others. The Fear of Dependency Scale (FDS), developed by Adams-Price and Ralston in 2016, aims to assess the fear of dependency by measuring an individual’s attitudes toward being helped.

Objective:

This study presents a European Portuguese version of the FDS and examines its psychometric properties (internal consistency reliability and content validity).

Methods:

The translation and both cultural and linguistic adaptation of the FDS were performed by a panel of experts. A cross-sectional study was then performed to evaluate the psychometric properties (in terms of its reliability and validity) of the translated version of the FDS among a sample of 100 community-dwelling older adults.

Results:

The European Portuguese version of the FDS exhibited good psychometric properties. The scale’s internal consistency was 0.84.

Conclusions:

The European Portuguese version of the FDS is a reliable, valid, and practical instrument for assessing the fear of dependency in older adults in the Portuguese population. It can be used in the context of health care provision and research.
Criminogenic and Non-Criminogenic Factors and Their Association With Reintegration Success for Individuals Under Judicial Orders in Canada
Authors: Jung Sandy , Thomas Mackenzie L. , Robles Chella M. , Kitura Gregory
Published: August 2024

Justice-involved individuals who reach the end of their full prison sentence no longer benefit from the supervision and rehabilitation services offered by probation or parole. Some of these individuals, who have been assessed to be a high risk for sexual and violent reoffending and deemed to pose a significant violence risk in the community if released, are placed on a judicial order in Canada, and police are asked to supervise and manage the risk of these individuals. In the current study, the files of 45 high-risk, justice-involved individuals, who completed their sentences, were released from a Canadian prison into the province of Alberta, and supervised by police under a judicial order, were reviewed for the presence of criminogenic and non-criminogenic needs over the first year of release. The associations between these needs and proximal reintegration outcomes were examined. Our findings revealed that basic needs and responsivity issues were prevalent in the early part of supervision; however, these factors were unrelated to proximal reintegration success. In contrast, criminogenic needs were prevalent and associated with poorer reintegration. This study reinforces the role that police can play in monitoring and addressing criminogenic needs with the goal of reducing recidivism and employing the help of non-police supports to address non-criminogenic needs.