bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Localization Study of a Cold Atom BEC in Two-Dimensional Bessel Optical Lattices
Authors: Tang Guo Zhi , Ren Yuan , Wang Zhou
Published: November 2018

In order to investigate the stability and dynamics properties of a cold atom Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) in two-dimensional Bessel optical lattices, the stability condition of the system is analyzed and the corresponding Gross-pitaevskii equation (GPE) is solved in this paper by time-dependent variational method and numerical simulation. Firstly, the Euler-Lagrange equation containing the parameters describing the system stability and the effective potential energy needed by the variational analysis method to analyze the system stability is obtained by using the adjustable exponent Gaussian trial wave function. Secondly, according to the analytical solution of Euler-Lagrange equation and the local minimum value of potential energy, the stability condition of the system is further illuminated. Finally, the influence mechanism of these parameters on the local dynamics is revealed by solving the corresponding GPE with numerical method.
Variational Solution of Steady-Structure in Exciton-Polariton Condensates with a Modified Lagrangian Approach
Authors: Zhang Jian Wei , Chen Hai Jun , Wang Sheng Jun , Ren Yuan
Published: November 2018

Exciton-polariton condensate is a new kind of system exhibiting spontaneous coherence, which is a new quantum dissipation system. Numerical simulation and analytical methods can be used to study the static and dynamical properties of exciton-polariton condensate. In this paper, A modified Lagrangian method is developed for exciton-polariton system to find the steady-state structure and regimes among the parameters of the system, and two new forms of trial wave function are proposed. The modified Lagrangian method is successfully applied to the exciton-polariton system described by the open-dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the first time. Furthermore, static version of the modified Lagrangian method provides stationary shape of the steady-state structure, while the time-dependent version can be used to study small amplitude oscillations around stationary states. On the one hand, comparison of the profiles for steady-state structure, predicted by the modified Lagrangian and those found from numerical solution of the open-dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii(dGP) equation shows good agreement, thereby proving the accuracy of the trial wave function and validating the proposed approach. Particularly, this new method promotes the deeper cognition and understanding for the dissipative exciton-polariton system and is helpful to explore the mechanism of the gain and dissipation effect on the steady-state structure of the system.
The Effect of Compression Force on Alteration of Desloratadine and its Multicomponent Crystal Crystallinities Using X-Ray Diffraction and ATR-FTIR Techniques
Authors: Ainurofiq Ahmad , Mauludin Rachmat , Mudhakir Diky , Setianto Arif Budi , Soewandhi Sundani Nurono
Published: November 2018

This work studied the effect of compression force on the desloratadine (DES) and its multi-component crystal (MCC) formulation and focused on the molecular crystal behavior of DES and MCC after compression. Crystallinity behavior of drugs in a mechanical process is to be interesting manner. In this research, DES and MCC were compressed using hydraulic presser equipped with 13 mm flat-face punch under different compression pressures in a range of 25 – 350 MPa. The solid state of DES and its MCC was evaluated using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Single XRD was carried out to confirm the molecular structure of crystal lattice. Powder XRD diffractogram under different compression forces was compared to the crystallinity degree, crystallite size and peak broadening. Those parameters were processed using Origin software. Crystallinity degree was calculated using Ruland’s methods, meanwhile, the crystallinity size was calculated using Scherrer’s equation after corrected to the broadening (full width at half maximum; FWHM) and diffraction baseline. As increasing the compression force, degree and size of crystallinity and FWHM were altered. In addition, the degree of crystallinity and crystallite size of DES and MCC decreased, while the FWHM increased. Furthermore, alteration of PXRD in DES was higher than that of MCC which had no alteration as increase as the compression force. FTIR result showed that neither DES nor MCC had no significant alteration after compression. However, the tabletability of MCC was better than DES owing to the potential slip plane of MCC.
Research of Thermocouple Electrical Characteristics
Authors: Abouellail A.A. , Obach I.I. , Soldatov A.A. , Sorokin P.V. , Soldatov A.I.
Published: November 2018

This paper presents the results of the experimental research on the electrical characteristics of two dissimilar thermoelectric power sources. Chromel-alumel and nichrome-constantan are the investigated types of thermocouples that are utilized as thermopower sources. Through the assistance of the collected data, experimental and theoretical studies of two equivalent thermopower sources are done. The first studied source is obtained by a parallel connection of the two types of thermocouples, and the second studied source is achieved by the parallel connection of two thermocouples of nichrome-constantan and a single thermocouple made of chromel-alumel. Theoretical studies of the two equivalent thermoelectric sources proved good repeatable precision of the studied results of experimental measurements.
Investigation of Fast-Flowing Processes of Heat and Mass Transfer during Arc Welding with a Melting Electrode under Conditions of Laser Coherent Radiation
Authors: Saraev Y.N. , Lunev A.G. , Kiselev A.S. , Gordynets Anton S. , Semenchuk V.M.
Published: November 2018

The results of the development and manufacturing of a unique research complex for investigating fast-flowing processes of heat and mass transfer during arc welding with a melting electrode are presented. The advantages of the developed complex over traditionally used ones are shown using cinema and video cameras by shadowing the image of heat and mass transfer of a metal. Studies of fast processes using high-speed video recording require powerful backlighting, such as a scattered laser beam, which enhances the visualization of the observed object, namely, the process of melting and transferring each electrode metal droplet under conditions of intense light emission from the electric arc. The article contains explanatory diagrams, control algorithms, video frames of a separate welding microcycle, and examples of recorded oscillograms and the graphical representations of the changes in their quantitative values.
Overview Information Systems for Calculating Processes Welding Stainless Steels
Authors: Chernysheva T.Yu. , Zakharova A.A. , Telipenko E.V. , Molnina E.V.
Published: November 2018

The possibilities of using nanomaterials and nanocoatings for machine building are considered. The review of software for engineering calculations of welding processes and heat treatment is carried out. A decision support system for choosing a rational amount of nanostructured modifier powders for welding corrosion-resistant steels is proposed.
Investigation of the Influence of Cracks on Vibration Processes in a Reinforced Concrete Structure
Authors: Shardakov Igor N. , Shestakov A. , Tsvetkov R.V. , Yepin V. , Glot I.
Published: November 2018

The validity of the mathematical model describing the propagation of vibrations in a reinforced concrete (RC) structure was verified by comparing the experimental and numerical data. The proposed model allowed one to perform numerical experiments aimed at comparing vibrorecords obtained from the structure without defects and the structure with cracks. A numerical experiment was performed aimed to explore the changes in vibrorecords when cracks appear in the structure. Based on the results these experiments, an informative diagnostic parameter controlling crack nucleation and propagation in the reinforced concrete structure was derived.
On the Possibility of Using Epoxy Prepregs for Carcass-Inflatable Nanosatellite Antennas
Authors: Garishin O.K. , Svistkov A.L. , Belyaev A.Yu. , Gilev V.G.
Published: November 2018

The possibility of using epoxy prepregs (fabric impregnated with epoxy resin) for carcass-inflatable antennas on space nanosatellites was investigated. It is shown that the optimal method of obtaining such devices is the use of reactive mixtures of hot cure, when the chemical reaction of curing of antenna deployed in space occurs under the action of solar radiation. In this case, the antenna is put into orbit in the nanosatellite in a compact form and no additional mechanisms are needed to give it the final working shape. The rheological properties of the mixture of epoxy resin YD-128 with hardener TEAT-1, suitable for making hot-curing prepregs and its use in near-earth orbit, are investigated. The dependence of rheological properties on temperature, hardener concentration and curing time is established. With the help of computer simulation, the temperature is calculated, to which the antenna carcass can be heated in near-earth orbit under the influence of thermal radiation from the Sun and the Earth taking into account its orientation in relation to the sources of heat. It is established that the process of hot curing of the antenna is possible due to solar and terrestrial radiation only when the frame is covered with a thin metallized layer that is close in characteristics to the layer of aluminum foil.
The Effect of Magnetic Field on Crystallization and some Properties of Silver Azide Crystals
Authors: Rodzevich A.P. , Kuzmina L.V. , Gazenaur E.G. , Sugatov E.V. , Krasheninin V.I.
Published: November 2018

The paper is focused on the effect of homogenous and inhomogeneous magnetic fields on crystallization, and some physical and chemical properties of silver azide (morphology, electric resistance, defect structure, reactivity) as well. The authors put forward an efficient procedure for growing crystals with specified sizes, reactivity and minimized impurities.
Controlling the Depth of Penetration in the Case of Surfacing with a Strip Electrode at an Angle to the Generatrix
Authors: Lavrova Elena V. , Ivanov Vitaliy
Published: November 2018

It is proposed to use controlled mechanical transfer when the strip electrode of cylindrical products is deposited at an angle to the generatrix. The influence of the regime parameters on the stability of penetration of the base metal is determined. A mathematical model for calculating the configuration of the deposited layer is given. The analysis of advantages is carried out and conclusions are drawn about the prospects of the proposed technology for surfacing.
Magnetic Properties of Materials Used in Electric Arc Welding and Surfacing
Authors: Razmyshlyaev Alexander D. , Ahieieva Marina V. , Lavrova Elena V.
Published: November 2018

It was experimentally established earlier that the increment of the electrode wire melting coefficient at submerged arc welding and surfacing with magnetic fields action (with equal parameters of the welding mode) depends on the chemical composition of the wires. It is suggested that this effect depends on the magnetic properties of the welding materials, i.e. electrode wire and base metal. To measure the magnetic properties of welding materials, a method has been developed in which the magnetic properties of welding materials on samples are investigated. The samples were made in the form of tori, on which the primary and secondary windings were placed. The primary circuit contains an ammeter and a voltmeter, as well as a wattmeter that allows to take into account losses in the sample on hysteresis and Foucault currents, and the secondary circuit contains a voltmeter. Experimental data on the magnetic properties of some welding and surfacing wires, as well as of base metals, are obtained. A simplified method is proposed, in which torus samples are also used, but on which only one winding is placed, over which a direct current is flowed. The value of the increment of the electrode wire melting coefficient at arc welding with the action of magnetic fields increases with increasing their magnetic permeability.
To the Technology of Laser Welding of Aluminum with Titanium
Authors: Cherepanov A.N. , Mali Vyacheslav I. , Drozdov V.O. , Orishich Anatolii M. , Malikov Aleksandr G.
Published: November 2018

The results of experimental study of laser welding alloys based on aluminum and titanium an intermediate composite Al+Ti insert obtained by explosion, using nanopowder additives and plastic deformation of the aluminum seam are presented. Morphologically high-quality welds have been obtained both in the welding of the aluminum plate and of the titanium one with the corresponding parts of the insert. It was found out that breakdown of the joint in the tensile test occurred along the aluminum part of the insert, which had a lower tensile strength than the titanium. The use of the nanomodifier without plastic deformation increases the strength of the weld joint by about 10% compared to the unmodified compound. The use of nanomodifying and strain hardening can significantly increase the tensile strength, the value of which is more than 97% of the strength of alloy (AA1135). The carried out experiments on laser butt welding of plates made of aluminum alloy 1424 systems Al-Mg-Li-Zr-Sc with their subsequent plastic deformation have confirmed the effectiveness of strain hardening of weld joints of aluminum alloys.
Application of Fourier-Domain Post-Processing Technique for Ultrasonic Imaging with Matrix Phased Arrays in Advanced Manufacturing of Details and Machines
Authors: Dolmatov Dmitry , Salchak Yana , Sednev Dmitriy , Pinchuk Roman
Published: November 2018

Quality of the components in the mechanical engineering is of the utmost importance. Most of quality control procedures can be provided by advanced quality assurance methods that enable visualization of inner structure of a component within all of the occurring defects. This paper suggests an innovative post-processing technique for Full-Matrix ultrasonic imaging with Matrix phased arrays in the case of immersion testing. Evaluation of the reliability was performed by simulation via CIVA software as well as by experimental testing of a real component with given defects. The obtained results of the research demonstrated high sensitivity and accuracy of the suggested technique.
Predicting the Outcome of Occupational Accidents by Cart and Chaid Methods at a Steel Factory in Iran
Authors: Shirali Gholam Abbas , Noroozi Moloud Valipour , Malehi Amal Saki
Published: November 2018

Background

A large number of occupational accidents happen at steel industries in Iran. The information about these accidents is recorded by safety offices. Data mining methods are one of the suitable ways for using these databases to create useful information. Classification and regression trees (CART) and chisquare automatic interaction detection (CHAID) are two types of a decision tree which are used in data mining for creating predictions. These predictions could show characteristics of susceptible people exposed to occupational accidents. This study was aimed to predict the outcome of occupational accidents by CART and CHAID methods at a steel factory in Iran.

Design and methods

In this study, the data of 12 variables for 2127 cases of occupational injuries (including three categories of minor, severe and fatal) from 2001 to 2014 were collected. CART and CHAID algorithms in IBM SPSS Modeler version 18 were used to create decision trees and predictions.

Results

Five predictions for the outcome of occupational accidents were created for each method. The most important predictor variables for CART method included age, the cause of accident and level of education respectively. For CHAID method, age, place of accident and level of education were the most important predictor variables respectively. Furthermore the accuracy of CART and CHAID methods were 81.78% and 80.73%, respectively for predictions.

Conclusions

CART and CHAID methods can be used to predict the outcome of occupational accidents in the steel industry. Thus the rate of injuries can be reduced by using the predictions for employing preventive measures and training in the steel industry.
Physical pendulum experiment re-investigated with an accelerometer sensor
Authors: Dauphin Cyril , Bouquet Frédéric
Published: November 2018

We have conducted a compound pendulum experiment using Arduino and an associated two-axis accelerometer sensor as measuring device. We have shown that the use of an accelerometer to measure both radial and orbital accelerations of the pendulum at different positions along its axis offers the possibility of performing a more complex analysis compared to the usual analysis of the pendulum experiment. In this way, we have shown that this classical experiment can lead to an interesting and low-cost experiment in mechanics.
Received: 24 July 2018,  Accepted: 9 October 2018; Edited by: A. Martí, M. Monteiro; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.100008
Cite as: C Dauphin, F Bouquet,  Papers in Physics 10, 100008 (2018).
This paper, by C Dauphin, F Bouquet, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0.
Estimating changes of temperatures and precipitation extremes in India using the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution
Authors: Pangaluru Kishore , Velicogna Isabella , C. Sutterley Tyler , Mohajerani Yara , Ciraci Enrico , Sompalli Jyothi , Saranga Vijaya Bhaskara Rao
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Changes in extreme temperature and precipitation may give some of the largest significant societal and ecological impacts. For changes in the magnitude of extreme temperature and precipitation over India, we used a statistical model of generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. The GEV statistical distribution is a time-dependent distribution with different time scales of variability bounded by a precipitation, maximum (Tmax), and minimum (Tmin) temperature extremes and also assessed their possibility changes are evaluated and quantified over India is presented. The GEV-based method is applied on both precipitation and temperature extremes over India during the 20th and 21st centuries using multiple coupled climate models taking an interest in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and observational datasets. The regional means of historical warm extreme temperatures are 34.89, 36.42, and 38.14 °C for three different (10, 20, and 50-year) periods, respectively; whereas the cold extreme mean temperatures are 7.75, 4.19, and −1.57 °C. It indicates that 20th century cold extreme temperatures have relatively larger variations than the warm extremes. As for the future, the CMIP5 models of warm extreme regional mean values increase from 0.33 to 0.75 °C in all return periods (10-, 20-, and 50-year periods), while in the case of cold extreme means values vary between 0.58 and 2.29 °C. In the future, cold extreme values have a larger increasing rate over the northwest, northeast, some parts of north-central, and Inter Peninsula regions. The CRU precipitation extremes are larger than the historical extreme precipitation in all three (10, 20, and 50-year) return-periods.
Influência do escore corporal no perfil lipídico de cachorros-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) sob os cuidados humanos
Authors: Hippólito Alícia Giolo , Testa Carolyne Assis Eigenheer Pinke , Santos Gisele Junqueira , Ferro Barbara Sardela , Silva Diogo Cristo da Silva e , Melchert Alessandra
Published: November 2018

A obesidade é uma desordem nutricional complexa e multifatorial que alguns animais selvagens podem desenvolver ao longo de sua vida em cativeiro. O estudo comparou o perfil lipídico de cachorros-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) em escore de condição corporal normal com o de animais em sobrepeso. Os animais eram hígidos e mantidos sob cuidados humanos sem enriquecimento ambiental. Apesar de poucos cachorros-do-mato (C. thous) terem apresentado aumento de colesterol e triglicerídeos, não exibiram diferença estatística quando comparado os grupos de escore ideal e sobrepeso. Mais estudos devem ser realizados para verificar a influência do ganho de peso corporal sobre o perfil lipídico da espécie, mas o enriquecimento ambiental deve ser estimulado, pois proporciona aumento da atividade física, menor tendência do animal à obesidade, melhoria da qualidade de vida e bem-estar.
Economic and Outcomes Analysis of Recalcitrant Cervical Radiculopathy: Is Nonsurgical Management or Surgery More Cost-Effective?
Authors: Rihn Jeffrey A. , Bhat Suneel , Grauer Jonathan , Harrop James , Ghogawala Zoher , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Hilibrand Alan S.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

This study directly compares the economical and clinical effectiveness of the use of cervical epidural injections and continued physical therapy versus surgical management in cases of cervical radiculopathy that have failed 6 weeks of conservative management.

Methods:

A theoretical cohort of patients with cervical radiculopathy resistant to 6 weeks of noninvasive conservative management were simulated to treatment with either anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) or cervical epidural injections and continued physical therapy and analyzed with Markov chain decision tree Monte Carlo simulation.

Results:

The average incremental cost-effectiveness ratio associated with ACDF was $6,768 per quality-adjusted life year over the lifetime of the patient, whereas the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio associated with cervical injections ranged from $9,033 to $4,044 per quality-adjusted life year based on the success rate.

Discussion:

Our study suggests that for the management of recalcitrant cervical radiculopathy, ACDF remains the dominant strategy compared with cervical epidural injections if the surgical avoidance rate of such injections is less than 50%. If there is a greater than 50% surgery avoidance rate with injections, then cervical epidural injections would be considered a cost-effective strategy with a role in the management of cervical radiculopathy before surgery.
Decision Making during Adolescence: A Comparison of Jewish and Druze Societies
Authors: Mohsen Shamma Fathi , Katz Michael
Published: November 2018

This research compares decision-making between Jewish adolescents and Druze adolescents as it relates to level of autonomy, parents’ involvement and the involvement of peers. This is a pioneering research, which tests existing differences between Jewish and Druze adolescents with regards to the factors influencing their decisions.

243 subjects aged 15-18 participated in this research. Of these subjects 124 were Jews and 119 were Druze; about half of both groups were boys and half were girls. Each subject filled out a self-report questionnaire that was particularly designed with the factors mentioned above in mind and for this research.

Although no differences were found between Jewish and Druze adolescents in total degree of autonomy or in parents’ and friends’ involvement in decision-making, the findings partially confirmed research hypotheses.
Effects of Promolux Platinum LED on Shelf-life of Ground Beef Patties
Authors: Tangkham Wannee , LeMieux Frederick
Published: November 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of three light sources, Promolux platinum LED (PPLED), fluorescent (FLS) lighting, and no light (control), on shelf-life properties of ground beef patties. Treatments were evaluated for % drip loss, pH value, % moisture content, visual and instrumental color (L*, a* and b* values), lipid stability (TBARS), aerobic plate count, yeast/mold, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp. every 3 days for 9 days. At day 9, drip loss was lowest (P
Let's Talk about Sex: Integrating Sex as a Biological Variable into Epilepsy Research
Authors: Ernst Lia D.
Published: November 2018

There is a long history of underrepresentation of women and female animals being studied in scientific research, which has resulted in gaps in knowledge and at times, inaccurate clinical recommendations. There is a gradual shift in the mindset of the scientific community on this issue, in part related to policy changes enacted by the National Institute of Health (NIH). Sex must now be accounted for as a biological variable in both basic and clinical research. This review discusses the history of evolving policies on inclusion of sex-informed data in scientific research, and the ways in which epilepsy researchers can approach future studies in a manner that takes sex as a biological variable into account.
REABILITAÇÃO DE PAVIMENTOS RÍGIDOSINCORPORADOS AO TABULEIRO DE OBRAS DE ARTES ESPECIAIS
Authors: Benetti Sales Camargo Fábio , Lima Arving Erickson
Published: November 2018

The rigid concrete floor incorporated in the slab of the board is a Portland concrete pavement executed separately from the slab, but later incorporating to this slab by means of staples. In the process of recovery of this type of pavement, it is necessary to perform structural evaluations of the pavement, to be defined which services are to be executed, the execution sites, the approximate times of work and the degree of necessity of these services. The objective of this work was to describe the whole process of rehabilitation of concrete pavements in Portland cement, taking as an example a bridge of intense traffic and without possibility of total interruption of traffic.
New species of Rhizomyces (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) parasitic on African stalk-eyed flies (Diptera, Diopsidae)
Authors: Rossi Walter , Feijen Hans R.
Published: November 2018

Three new species of Rhizomyces Thaxt., parasitic on African stalk-eyed flies, are described. These are R. forcipatus W.Rossi & Feijen sp. nov., parasitic on various species of Centrioncus Speiser from Ivory Coast, Kenya and Malawi and Teloglabrus Feijen from South Africa; R. ramosus W.Rossi & Feijen sp. nov., parasitic on Diopsina nitida (Adams, 1903) from Uganda; R. tschirnhausii W.Rossi & Feijen sp. nov., parasitic on Diopsina africana (Shillito, 1940) from Uganda. All previous records of species of Rhizomyces are presented in tabulated form with updated host names. A key is presented to all species of Rhizomyces. The occurrence of Rhizomyces and other taxa of the Laboulbeniales Lindau in the genera of the Diopsidae Billberg is discussed.
Histiocytic Sarcoma: Review, Discussion of Transformation From B-Cell Lymphoma, and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Skala Stephanie L. , Lucas David R. , Dewar Rajan
Published: November 2018

Context.—

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare neoplasm of mature histiocytes with an aggressive clinical course that can arise de novo or from a low-grade B-cell lymphoma. In particular, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma is a very common malignancy in the Western hemisphere, and most cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma have an indolent course and behavior. However, 2% to 8% of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma cases transform. Histiocytic sarcomatous transformation is rare and portends poor prognosis.

Objective.—

To review the clinical features, morphology, and key points related to the differential diagnosis for histiocytic sarcoma. We discuss recent understanding of the biology underlying transformation.

Data Sources.—

University of Michigan case and review of pertinent literature about histiocytic sarcoma and morphologic differential diagnosis.

Conclusions.—

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare histiocytic neoplasm that can arise as a result of transdifferentiation from low-grade B-cell lymphomas, and has a wide differential diagnosis including other histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms, myeloid neoplasms, lymphomas, melanoma, and carcinoma. However, some key morphologic and immunohistochemical features allow for accurate classification.
An ICME Modeling Application for the Optimization of a Tie-Down Weld Sequence in Ship Production
Authors: Huang T. D. , Rucker Harry J. , Yang Yu-Ping
Published: November 2018

Aircraft tie-downs have been widely used to secure airplanes, helicopters, and other transportation vehicles to a ship's deck. A multi-pass welding process is typically used for integrating tie-downs to the deck plate to develop the required strength at the joint. During and after welding, the surrounding deck material around the tie-downs must deform elastically to preserve dimensional continuity, creating residual stresses. Weld-induced residual stress is a major concern because the tie-downs are subject to cyclic, dynamic loading which could induce cracking and directly impact the fatigue life of the deck plate structures during services. To select an optimized welding sequence that minimizes weld-induced residual stress in the welded joint, an integrated computational materials engineering approach was used to evaluate the effect of welding sequences on residual stress distributions. Various deck materials (including ABS Grade DH36 and HSLA-100 steel alloys) and welding sequences were investigated to identify the optimized welding sequence which reduced radial residual stress distribution, resulting in lower final deck plate distortion.

1. Introduction

Like many heavy industries, shipbuilding has a need for developing lightweight, high-strength, durable structures to improve payload capacity and mission performance, and reduce total ownership costs. The engineering design criteria and the thin-steel alloy material advancement developed to meet these requirements has outpaced the improvement of many manufacturing processes, necessitating a greater understanding of the influence of material properties on producibility issues during construction that could impact the performance of ship structures at sea. Residual stresses are "locked-in" stresses that develop in materials and structures because of welding or material handling processes during manufacturing that are independent of the presence of any external loads. Typical residual stress-induced buckling distortions in ship structures are developed as an elastic response to any incompatible local plastic strains that exist in the material after welding (Huang et al. 2003, 2004).
DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC TECHNOLOGIES OF PRODUSING HIGH QUALITY CLEAN DIESEL FUEL
Authors: Kondrasheva Natalia K. , Eremeeva Anzhelika M. , Nelkenbaum Konstantin S.
Published: November 2018

The researches related to the development of the best composition and production of environmentally friendly diesel fuel, compliance with the EURO-5 and EURO-6 class, by introducing antiwear additives into the base hydrotreated fuel were conducted. The analysis of modern assumptions to the use in Russia of anti-wear additives of domestic and foreign manufacturers, such manufacturers as Clariant, BASF, Infinéum, JSC "AZKiOС" and others was carried out, and also the main results of efficiency of use of additives for diesel fuel are considered. The synthesis of antiwear additives and antioxidant additives from plant raw materials through the process of transesterification was carried out, as well as the technology of obtaining nitrogen and oxygen-containing compounds with surface active properties was developed. The optimal technological processes of the transesterification process (time, temperature, rate, ratio of raw materials) were revealed. The effect of the obtained bioadditives on the operational and low-temperature properties of hydrotreated diesel fuel was studied. Analysis of the positive effect of additives on lubricating properties of fuel showed that the diameter of the wear spot is reduced by a factor of 4, the amount of harmful emissions (carbon oxides, dispersed particles, volatile organic compounds and hydrocarbons) is reduced by more than 30 times. Also, a decrease in the pour point and change in the cetane number was observed, depending on the composition of the bioadditives (in some cases, the cetane number decreased and ceased to meet the requirements of the standard for diesel fuel GOST R 52368, while others, on the contrary, increased). A distinctive feature of this type of fuel is the maintenance of the minimum amount of gray in your composition, and at the same time compliance with all requirements of GOST.

For citation:

Kondrasheva N.K., Eremeeva A.М., Nelkenbaum K.S. Development of domestic technologies of produsing high quality clean diesel fuel. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 76-82
HYDROGEN SULFIDE IN NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF HYDROXY GROUPS IN AROMATIC ALCOHOLS
Authors: Okhlobystina Aleksandra V. , Okhlobystin Andrey O. , Berberova Nadezhda T. , Burmistrova Daria A.
Published: November 2018

Most methods of obtaining aromatic thiols are based on nucleophilic substitution reactions at halogen derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons when used as nucleophilic reagents sodium thiolate, thiourea or potassium xanthate at high temperatures, pressure and in the presence of catalysts. The direct reaction of nucleophilic substitution of OH-groups in the phenols, pyrocatechol and benzyl alcohol to the HS-group in conditions of one-electron reducrion of hydrogen sulfide in acetonitrile and pyridinium ionic liquid was investigated for the first time. The proposed reactions proceed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The use of "green" solvent - ionic liquid - reduces the syntheses time in а half, improves ecological safety friendliness of the process and reduces the consumption of reagents. The main positive feature of these studies is not only ecological safety of reactions of nucleophilic substitution (due to the lack of harmful byproducts), but the use of electrochemical reactions in ionic liquid media, that is very relevant in modern science in terms of new environmental technologies development.

For citation:

Okhlobystina A.V., Okhlobystin A.O., Berberova N.T., Burmistrova D.A. Hydrogen sulfide in nucleophilic substitution reactions of hydroxy groups in aromatic alcohols. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 36-41

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Solid-phase concentration of calcium ions with mineral sorbents in creation of anti-icing materials
Authors: Dzhigola Lyudmila A. , Syutova Elizaveta A.
Published: November 2018

The results of an experimental study of calcium ion adsorption processes carried out on various mineral sorbents of natural origin are presented. The sorption properties of the selected objects were studied and the possibility of their use as combined anti-icing materials was evaluated. In the work were investigated technological indicators of the quality of sorbents - the pH of the zero-charge point, the sorption capacity of sorbents and the optimum pH interval to determine the sorption activity of mineral raw materials on calcium ion. Analysis of the adsorption isotherms of calcium ions by the mineral sorbents studied makes it possible to note that the adsorption equilibrium on the clay is established more rapidly than on the opal of the marl type and marl. At the same time, the maximum absorption capacity of clay and marl has close values, which is related to the structure of the sorbent surface and the mineral composition of the materials. Opal of the marl type has a more developed surface, which is illustrated by a much higher absorption capacity and is confirmed by the values of the specific surface area. The obtained experimental data were processed using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. When describing the adsorption equilibrium of calcium ions on mineral sorbents, the Freyndlich isotherm is a more rigorous model, which indicates the presence of a large number of active centers and their exponential distribution on the surface of sorbents. The quantitative characteristics of the adsorption capacity of sorbents, found by adsorption models, made it possible to identify the optimum conditions of processes, establish a relationship between the values of the sorption of calcium ions by their structure and the porosity of the materials. It has been established that opal of marl type is the most effective carrier for producing anti-icing materials.

For citation:

Dzhigola L.A., Syutova E.A. Solid-phase concentration of calcium ions with mineral sorbents in creation of anti-icing materials. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 98-104
APPLICATION OF ADSORPTION MODELS FOR DESCRIPTION OF BALANCES IN THE SYSTEMS «CATIONS OF COPPER (II) AND LEAD (II) – NATURAL MATERIALS OF ASTRAKHAN REGION »
Authors: Dzhigola Lyudmila A. , Sadomtseva Olga S. , Shakirova Victoria V. , Kargina Kristina V. , Syutova Elizaveta A. , Razgovorov Pavel B. , Nagornov Roman S.
Published: November 2018

I

In the work there were studied the regularities of extracting copper (II) and lead (II) cations from aqueous solutions with the help of natural sorbents from the Astrakhan region such as the marl of the Baskunchak deposit, the Kamennyy yar deposit and the clay of the Volzhsky deposit. A comparative study was made of the applicability of the adsorption models of Langmuir, Freindlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich to describe the experimental adsorption isotherms of these cations on the surface of aluminosilicates. The constants and parameters of the equations corresponding to these models are determined. A comparison of the regression coefficients shows that the Temkin model is suitable for describing the adsorption equilibria in the "M2+ -clay" systems. The Freundlich model most adequately describes the experimental data on adsorption in the "M2+ -marl/opoka" systems, which reveals the heterogeneous surface of both of these materials with a large number of energetically dissimilar active centers. The regression coefficients found in this case by the Langmuir model are small; the boundary conditions for the description of systems with a monomolecular coating are not observed. The Dubinin-Radushkevich model was also used to describe the process of concentrating lead (II) compounds on the marl surface of the Baskunchak deposit and the Kamennyy Yar deposit. The calculated values of the free energy of adsorption were 11.2 (opoka) and 4.17 kJ/mol (marl). The process of fixing lead cations on these natural sorbents in the Astrakhan region proceeds according to the ion-exchange mechanism. The adsorption activity of Cu2+, Pb2+ ions on the surface of sorbents is confirmed by the calculated values of Gibbs energy and entropy. The endothermic nature of the processes taking place with the participation of the clay of the Volzhsky deposit and the Kamennyy Yar deposit is explained by the considerable energy expenditure for the dehydration of the surface groups of sorbents.

For citation:

Dzhigola L.A., Sadomtseva O.S., Shakirova V.V., Kargina K.V., Syutova E.A., Razgovorov P.B., Nagornov R.S. Application of adsorption models for description of equilibria in systems cations of copper (II) and lead (II) – natural materials of Astrakhan region. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 105-112
HYDROGEN PRESSURE, SOLVENT AND CATALYST NATURE INFLUENCE ON THE 2-CHLORO-4-NITROANILINE HYDROGENATION REGULARITIES
Authors: Klimushin D.M. , Krasnov A.I. , Filippov D.V. , Sharonov N.Yu.
Published: November 2018

The 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline liquid-phase hydrogenation kinetics on supported palladium and platinum catalysts differing in the nature of the carrier and the active metal content was studied for the first time. The experiment was carried out at elevated hydrogen pressures in the range of 9 - 12 atm and 303 K in solvents 2-propanol-water and ethyl acetate in the reactor such as Vishnevsky autoclave. The main kinetic parameters of the reaction have been determined, and the influence of various parameters on the regularities of the process has been established. It is shown that an increase in the active metal content in the catalyst leads to an increase in the rate of the hydrogenation reaction of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline. When using platinum supported catalysts, the rate of hydrogenation of 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline is significantly higher than when using supported palladium catalysts. The replacement of the liquid phase of the catalyst system with 2-propanol by ethyl acetate adversely affects the reaction rate. The influence of the catalytic system nature and composition on the target product dehalogenation degree was determined. It was found that when carrying out the reaction at elevated hydrogen pressures, it is preferable to use low-percentage platinum catalysts, rather than palladium catalysts, since the former provide less dehalogenation of the target product.

For citation:

Klimushin D.M., Krasnov A.I., Filippov D.V., Sharonov N.Yu. Hydrogen pressure, solvent and catalyst nature influence on 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline hydrogenation regularities. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 30-35
STABILITY OF COORDINATION COMPOUNDS OF SOME d-METAL IONS WITH SUCCINIC ACID ANION IN AQUEOUS-ETHANOL SOLVENTS
Authors: Tukumova Natalia V. , Usacheva Tatiana R. , Thuan Tran Thi Dieu , Sharnin Valentin A. , Giancola Concetta
Published: November 2018

The paper provides an overview of own data on complexation of nickel (II), cobalt (II) and cooper (II) ions with succinic acid anion in water-organic mixed solvents. Proper data are compared with data reported in literature for d-metal complexes with anions of maleic and succinic acids. The effect of aqueous ethanol solvent compositions on the stability of coordination compounds of M2+ with succinic acid anion as well as on рК values of stepwise succinic acid dissociation was carried out by a potentiometric titration at ionic strength of 0.1 maintained with sodium perchlorate at 298.15 ± 0.10 K. Mono ligand complexes of Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ ions with succinic acid anion become stronger when ethanol content rises. In aqueous solutions Cu2+ ion forms stronger complexes with succinic and maleic acid anions than Ni2+ and Co2+ ions. In the studied water - ethanol solution this ratio is maintained for complexes with succinic acid anion, but a water-isopropanol solvent exerts leveling effect on the stability of complexes of nickel (II) and cobalt (II). An increase in the stability of complexes of d-metal with anions of maleic and succinic acids is due to the destabilization of the ligand with increasing ethanol concentration. The principal contribution of the changes in the solvation state of ligand is a typical for the stability changes of d-metal complexes with amine, glycinate, and acetate type ligands in water-organic mixed solvents.

For citation:

Tukumova N.V., Usacheva T.R., Thuan Tran Thi Dieu, Sharnin V.A., Giancola C. Stability of coordination compounds of some d-metal ions with succinic acid anion in aqueous-ethanol solvents. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 15-22
SYNTHESIS OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES FROM SPENT PICKING LIQUORS IN AQUEOUS SATURATED SOLUTION OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
Authors: Vu Minh X. , Le Ha T. T. , Pham Lan T. , Pham Nam H. , Le Huong T. M. , Le Lu T. , Nguyen Dung T.
Published: November 2018

Spent pickling liquor is a considered hazardous waste because of its very high level of acidity and high metal concentration, and the conventional neutralization method regenerates an excessive quantity of sludge that poses a serious problem concerning to the landfill disposal and risk of ground water contamination. Therefore, recovery of spent pickling liquor is necessary. Several approaches have been investigated for spent pickling liquor recovery, but they are generally costly and lead to produce various iron salts or oxides which have a limited value. In the present study, we explore the potential of using spent pickling liquor as iron precursor for the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. Here, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared easily by oxidation-precipitation from spent hydrochloride acid pickling liquors in aqueous saturated solution of calcium hydroxide at room temperature, in the air, and under suitable speed of rotation. The FT-IR, XRD and TEM results shown that monodisperse Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the size range of 10-25 nm were obtained, with a high level of crystallinity. The BET surface area was about 46 m2 g-1. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited the superparamagnetic behavior with relatively high saturation magnetization, Ms = 73 emu/g. The synthesis procedure of magnetic nanoparticles revealed here will provide a new possibility for spent pickling liquors recovery more effectively.

For citation:

Vu Minh X., Le Ha T. T., Pham Lan T., Pham Nam H., Le Huong T. M., Le Lu T. Nguyen Dung T. Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles from spent picking liquors in aqueous saturated solution of calcium hydroxide. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 59-63
Pemodelan kejadian banjir daerah aliran sungai Ciliwung hulu dengan menggunakan data radar
Authors: Putiamini Sepanie , Kusratmoko Eko , Syamsudin Fadli
Published: November 2018

Penelitian ini melaporkan penerapan pemodelan hidrologi, HEC-HMS, terintegrasi dengan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) untuk mengkaji hubungan curah hujan dan debit aliran dengan kasus DAS Ciliwung Hulu. Data spasial curah hujan yang diperoleh dari data radar digunakan dalam proses simulasi curah hujan-debit aliran dan hasilnya dibandingkan dengan hasil simulasi menggunakan data curah hujan hasil observasi. Analisis hasil simulasi curah hujan-debit aliran dianalisis dengan pendekatan spasial, yaitu membandingkan perbedaan dan persamaan antar sub DAS. Simulasi dilakukan untuk kejadian banjir tahun 2002, 2007 dan 2013. Hasil simulasi curah hujan-debit aliran dengan menggunakan data radar hujan, menunjukkan bahwa sub-DA CiLiwung (Tugu) merupakan sub-DAS yang memberikan debit dengan volume tertinggi pada kejadian banjir bulan Januari - Februari tahun 2002 dan 2007 serta tanggal 16 - 17 Januari 2013 yakni masing- masing sebesar 117 mm, 124 mm dan 46 mm. Faktor karakteristik fisik DAS berupa kemiringan DAS, penggunaan lahan, jenis tanah, dan besarnya curah hujan menjadi faktor yang menentukan tingginya debit aliran. Hasil validasi menggunakan metode RMSE dan Nash menghasilkan nilai simpangan yang kecil terhadap data observasi. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa penggunaan data radar cuaca dapat diandalkan dalam mensimulasikan hujan-debit.
Variabilitas curah hujan di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Indratmoko Satria , Harmantyo Djoko , Kusratmoko Eko
Published: November 2018

Curah hujan merupakan unsur iklim yang sangat bervariasi, baik dalam skala ruang maupun waktu. Variasi curah hujan ini akan berdampak pada penentuan awal masa tanam khususnya tanaman padi. Melalui penghitungan statistik dan pemetaan data spasial, penelitian ini akan mengungkapkan pola awal musim tanam sebagai respon terhadap variabilitas curah hujan di Kabupaten Kebumen selama periode tiga puluh tahun, yaitu tahun 1981 – 2010. Analisis spasial yang diperkuat dengan pendekatan statistik mengungkapkan bahwa wilayah pesisir di Kabupaten Kebumen memiliki variabilitas curah hujan yang tinggi dengan rata-rata curah hujan rendah. Semakin tinggi tempat, variabilitas curah hujannya menurun diikuti rata-rata curah hujan tinggi. Selain itu, awal musim tanam padi dimulai pada wilayah dengan variabilitas curah hujan yang rendah (perbukitan) menuju wilayah variabilitas curah hujan tinggi (pesisir). Pada periode 1981 – 2000, awal musim tanam padi dimulai dari utara dan secara berkala menuju selatan Kabupaten Kebumen. Sedangkan pada periode 2001 – 2010, awal musim tanam padi dimulai dari barat laut dan secara berkala menuju tenggara dan selatan Kabupaten Kebumen.