bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A estratificação social brasileira como estética literária: a violência e as impossibilidades em “Quarto de despejo”, de Carolina Maria de Jesus
Authors: Lopes Leandro De Oliveira , Borges Jaqueline Ferreira
Published: December 2020

Este artigo trata da violência simbólica que assola o cotidiano de Carolina Maria de Jesus, mulher negra e autodidata que morou na favela do Canindé e escreveu a rotina dos oprimidos entre os anos de 1955 e 1960. Há uma questão racial e de gênero que permeiam todo o diário “Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada” (1960), de modo a evidenciar as impossibilidades superadas, ou não, por Carolina, escritora e catadora de papel. Apoiados nas teorias literárias e nas questões sobre luta de classe, racismo e realismo, o objetivo deste artigo é pensar as impossibilidades dos grupos oprimidos e de que modo a violência simbólica, impulso da crueldade social, é capaz de silenciar o corpo negro e ditar um predestino marcado pela miséria, bem como de que maneira essa estrutura de crueldade está representada na obra literária. A metodologia deste artigo é de caráter bibliográfico, tendo como arcabouço, teóricos como Candido (1999), Pellegrini (2005), Ribeiro (2019) e Ribeiro (2014), entre outros suportes que nos auxiliam a evidenciar os diversos cenários que silenciam a atuação literária e social de Carolina em detrimento da fome, da pobreza e da miséria que definem a escritora do diário de uma favelada e as pessoas da realidade concreta que ela intencionava representar.
Abandono social, injustiça e esquecimento: identidade nordestina e o sertão nas obras de Antônio Torres e Graciliano Ramos
Authors: Preto Souza Alisson , Alves Elisa Hübner
Published: December 2020

Tratando-se de um estudo de minorias, compararam-se as obras Vidas Secas (1938), de Graciliano Ramos, e Essa Terra (1976), de Antônio Torres, para compreender a opressão na identidade nordestina. Para tal, leram-se as teorias de representação em Hall (2006) e Cassirer (1992); o estudo literário Temposfuturos, de Reis (2012); o estudo sobre a ficção e história da seca em Scoville (2011); a definição de contracultura proposta por Pereira (1986); e, por fim, as questões identitárias em Torres, de Preto Souza (2019). Bebendo de imagens comuns à seca e à pobreza no cânone em Vidas Secas, a narrativa de Torres pode ser entendida como contracultura à medida que põe em xeque o sistema vigente e o quadro político do sertão no fim do século XX. Constatou-se que, enquanto Graciliano aposta no emudecimento e na seca, confluindo para a formação da mitologia nordestina e para a denúncia da injustiça e do abandono institucional, Torres destaca o esquecimento da identidade cultural do povo nordestino, dentre outros problemas sociais como a xenofobia e o exílio interno ligado a eles.
ANALISIS KELUARGA BROKEN HOME PADA PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA ANAK
Authors: Rohmatullah Niam
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan atau informasi dan sekaligus sebagai contoh tentang bagaimana pengalaman komunikasi anak broken home dengan lingkungannya dalam bentuk konsep diri dengan mengalisisis keluarga broken home pada bahasa anak. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, yaitu sebuah metode yang lebih cenderung menggunakan analisis. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pada seorang anak broken home. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa angket dan wawancara. Akhirnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa Dalam hasil penelitian terhadap salah satu anak broken home di wilayah Bogor, dapat ditemukan sikap anak yang dapat mengontrol emosional dan tata cara berbahasanya dengan baik
PENGARUH METODE GURU PENDIDIKAN BAHASA ARAB TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN MINAT BELAJAR BAHASA ARAB SISWA KELAS VII MTs BINA UMMAT BOGOR
Authors: Taufik Akasah Tia Lukman
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Metode Guru Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dalam mengajar terhadap peningkatkan motivasi dan minat belajar siswa pada pelajaran Bahasa Arab di MTs Bina Ummat. Jenis penelitian ini tergolong penelitian lapangan, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yakni data berupa angka-angka yang berkaitan dengan tema penelitian. Berdasarkan pada pengelolahan data dan pembahasan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Metode guru Bahasa Arab dalam memotivasi siswa di MTs Bina Ummat Bogor berada pada kategori “sedang”, dan tingkat minat belajar siswa Bahasa Arab di MTs Bina Ummat juga berada pada kategori “sedang”. Metode guru pendidikan bahasa arab sangat berpengaruh terhadap motivasi dan minat belajar siswa
Acceso a la justicia para sectores vulnerables y el uso de las Reglas de Brasilia (y elementos similares) como aspecto central de la labor de un Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Espinosa-Saldaña Barrera Eloy
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo se basa en la premisa de que el juez o jueza constitucional no pueden ni deben olvidar los límites que se deducen de su condición de autoridad, y que tienen el deber institucional de cumplir y hacer cumplir el derecho, así como la obligación de hacer respetar los derechos en general y el acceso a la justicia en particular. En ese sentido, las Reglas de Brasilia constituyen pautas perfectamente compatibles con la protección de los derechos fundamentales, tanto en sede de la judicatura ordinaria como de la constitucional.
Las Reglas de Brasilia
Authors: Goldman Diego Hernán
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo se analizan las Reglas de Brasilia como un eficaz instrumento para disminuir distintos tipos de costos que operan como barreras extrínsecas e intrínsecas ante el acceso a la justicia por parte de individuos en situación de vulnerabilidad. En ese sentido, contribuyen a la eficiencia del sistema jurídico y a la maximización del bienestar y la riqueza social, lo que resulta un valioso aporte a la cohesión social, a la realización de los proyectos de vida de las personas, a la prosperidad y al desarrollo pleno de amplios sectores de la población de nuestros países históricamente relegados.
Las Reglas de Brasilia en Colombia
Authors: Robledo Silva Paula
Published: December 2020

Las Reglas de Brasilia son resultado de un interesante esfuerzo realizado por parte de la Cumbre Judicial Iberoamericana, con las que se procuró establecer un código de conducta para los estados y los diferentes funcionarios públicos que intervienen en la administración de justicia a fin de garantizar el acceso efectivo a la justicia por parte de grupos vulnerables. El presente trabajo se centrará en el proceso evolutivo del sistema jurídico colombiano que, en el caso de personas con discapacidad, tiende a mejorar las condiciones para el acceso a la justicia.
Predicting social and health vulnerability to floods in Bangladesh
Authors: Lee Donghoon , Ahmadul Hassan , Patz Jonathan , Block Paul
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Floods are the most common and damaging natural disaster in Bangladesh, and the effects of floods on public health have increased significantly in recent decades, particularly among lower socio-economic populations. Assessments of social vulnerability on flood-induced health outcomes typically focus on local to regional scales; a notable gap remains in comprehensive, large-scale assessments that may foster disaster management practices. In this study, socio-economic, health, and coping capacity vulnerability and composite social-health vulnerability are assessed using both equal-weight and principal component approaches using 26 indicators across Bangladesh. Results indicate that vulnerable zones exist in the northwest riverine areas, northeast floodplains, and southwest region, potentially affecting 42 million people (26 % of total population). Subsequently, the vulnerability measures are linked to flood forecast and satellite inundation information to evaluate their potential for predicting actual flood impact indices (distress, damage, disruption, and health) based on the immense August 2017 flood event. Overall, the forecast-based equally weighted vulnerability measures perform best. Specifically, socio-economic and coping capacity vulnerability measures strongly align with the distress, disruption, and health impacts records observed. Additionally, the forecast-based composite social-health vulnerability index also correlates well with the impact indices, illustrating its utility in identifying predominantly vulnerable regions. These findings suggest the benefits and practicality of this approach to assess both thematic and comprehensive spatial vulnerabilities, with the potential to support targeted and coordinated public disaster management and health practices.
Scientific drilling workshop on the Weihe Basin Drilling Project (WBDP): Cenozoic tectonic–monsoon interactions
Authors: An Zhisheng , Zhang Peizhen , Vogel Hendrik , Song Yougui , Dodson John , Wiersberg Thomas , Feng Xijie , Lu Huayu , Ai Li , Sun Youbin
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The Weihe Basin, enclosed by the Chinese Loess Plateau to the north and the Qinling Mountains to the south, is an outstanding, world-class continental site for obtaining high-resolution multi-proxy records that reflect environmental changes spanning most of the Cenozoic. Previous geophysical and sedimentary studies indicate that the basin hosts 6000–8000 m thick fluvial–lacustrine sedimentary successions spanning the Eocene to Holocene. This sedimentary record provides an excellent and unique archive to decipher long-term tectonic–climate interactions related to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, the onset/evolution of the Asian monsoon, and the development of the biogeography of East Asia. Owing to its location at the interface of the opposing westerly and Asian monsoon circulation systems, the Weihe Basin also holds enormous promise for providing a record of changes in these circulation systems in response to very different boundary conditions since the Eocene. To develop an international scientific drilling programme in the Weihe Basin, the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, organized a dedicated workshop with 55 participants from eight countries. The workshop was held in Xi'an, China, from 15 to 18 October 2019. Workshop participants conceived the key scientific objectives of the envisaged Weihe Basin Drilling Project (WBDP) and discussed technical and logistical aspects as well as the scope of the scientific collaboration in preparation for a full drilling proposal for submission to the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP). Workshop participants mutually agreed to design a two-phase scientific drilling programme that will in a first phase target the upper 3000 m and in a second phase the entire up to 7500 m thick sedimentary infill of the basin. For the purpose of the 7500 m deep borehole, the world's only drill rig for ultra-deep scientific drilling on land, Crust 1, which previously recovered the entire continental Cretaceous sediments in the Songliao Basin, will be deployed in the WBDP.
Patterns of microbial processes shaped by parent material and soil
depth in tropical rainforest soils
Authors: Kidinda Laurent K. , Olagoke Folasade K. , Vogel Cordula , Kalbitz Karsten , Doetterl Sebastian
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Microbial processes are one of the key factors driving carbon (C) and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, and are strongly driven by the equilibrium between resource availability and demand. In deeply weathered tropical rainforest soils of Africa, it remains unclear whether patterns of microbial processes differ between soils developed from geochemically contrasting parent materials. Here we show that resource availability across soil depths and regions from mafic to felsic geochemistry shape patterns of soil microbial processes. During a 120-day incubation experiment, we found that microbial biomass C and extracellular enzyme activity were highest in the mafic region. Microbial C limitation was highest in the mixed sedimentary region and lowest in the felsic region, which we propose is related to the strength of contrasting C stabilization mechanisms and varying C quality. None of the investigated regions and soil depths showed signs of nitrogen (N) limitation for microbial processes. Microbial phosphorus (P) limitation increased with soil depth but was similar across geochemical regions, indicating that subsoils in the investigated soils were depleted in rock-derived nutrients and are therefore dependent on efficient biological recycling of nutrients. Microbial C limitation was lowest in subsoils, indicating that subsoil microbes can significantly participate in C cycling and limit C storage if increased oxygen availability is prevalent. Using multivariable regressions, we demonstrate that microbial biomass C normalized to soil organic C content (MBCSOC) is controlled by soil geochemistry and substrate quality, while microbial biomass C normalized to soil weight (MBCSoil) is predominantly driven by resource distribution. We conclude that due to differences in resource availability, microbial processes in deeply weathered tropical rainforest soils greatly vary across geochemical regions which must be considered when assessing soil microbial processes in organic matter turnover models.
Sentencing remarks as a legal subgenre: 'R v Darren Osborne'
Authors: Campos Pardillos Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2020

En los países del common law, las observaciones al dictar la condena son un subgénero jurídico en el que, una vez que el jurado ha emitido su veredicto, los jueces enumeran los motivos de la pena impuesta. Desde el punto de vista lingüístico, tanto el medio (oral) y los destinatarios (el delincuente, pero también la sociedad) confieren un atractivo especial a estos textos, como ejemplo de comunicación entre experto y lego en la que se combina la claridad con la retórica y la persuasión. En nuestro estudio analizaremos el subgénero de las observaciones al dictar la condena con una atención especial a R v Osborne, un procedimiento por terrorismo en el que el odio racial fue un componente importante, y la jueza era perfectamente consciente de que sus destinatarios no eran solamente el acusado o las víctimas, sino la sociedad en general. El resultado de nuestro análisis será una caracterización de las sentencing remarks como subgénero definido, no solo en lo tocante a movimientos textuales, sino, lo que es más importante, por los recursos estilísticos desplegados.
La Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal y la Ley 4/2015 del Estatuto de la Víctima de delito: sus lagunas y consecuencias en el ámbito de la traducción y la interpretación
Authors: Fernández de Casadevante Mayordomo María
Published: December 2020

No se puede negar que el fenómeno migratorio se ha visto intensificado y, como consecuencia, muchos inmigrantes que desconocen nuestra lengua necesitan ser asistidos judicialmente. A nivel nacional son varios los instrumentos y leyes que de una u otra forma recogen el derecho a la traducción y a un intérprete en el entorno legal, teniendo en cuenta que el inmigrante puede necesitar la presencia de un intérprete como acusado, pero también como víctima. No obstante, nos encontramos con que la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal y la Ley 4/2015 del Estatuto de la Víctima de delito cuentan en su articulado con elementos que no garantizan la igualdad de condiciones en las relaciones con la justicia de aquellas personas que no comparten el idioma del tribunal, y permiten que cualquiera lleve a cabo dicha labor de traducción e interpretación.
Translating genres, creating transgenres: Textual 'betweens' as situation-based systemic innovations
Authors: Monzó-Nebot Esther
Published: December 2020

This paper works on the notion of transgenre (Monzó-Nebot 2001a, 2002a, b), its uses and possibilities in the study of translation as mediating intercultural cooperation. Transgenres are discursive patterns that develop in recurring intercultural situations and are recognized and used by a community. Based on the reiteration of communicative purposes and individuals’ roles in translated situations, interactions are conventionalized to streamline cooperation between cultural and social groups, thereby engendering a distinctive set of taken-for-granted assumptions and meaning-making mechanisms and signs which are particular to a translated event. The paper will first argue how this concept takes a step beyond the existing proposals from cultural, social, and linguistic approaches, especially the third space, the models of norms and laws of translation, and universals and the language of translation (translationese), by focusing on the situatedness of textual, interactional, and cultural patterns and providing a means to model and measure the development of translation as a discursive practice, as such influenced by historical, cultural, social, cognitive, ideologic, and linguistic issues. Then existing applications of the concept and new possibilities will be identified and discussed. The results of existing studies show translations build a third space of intercultural discursive practices showing tensions with both source and target systems. The legal translator is at home in this third space, resulting from their own cultural practices, which are linked to translators’ specific function in a broader multicultural system.
La evolución del concepto de Estado en el marxismo durante el siglo vein-te. Una aplicación de la historia de los conceptos ('Begriffsgeschichte')
Authors: Ramos González Jorge
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo presenta la evolución del concepto de Estado dentro del pensamiento marxista durante el siglo veinte. A través de la metodología de Koselleck de la historia de los conceptos (Begriffsgeschichte), se tienen en cuenta los cambios en la realidad político social para interpretar cuales fueron las transformaciones teóricas que sufrió el concepto Estado.
Acute Hepatopathy in a Dog Secondary to Hypothyroidism-Induced Atherosclerotic Infarction and Necrosis
Authors: Bolton Timothy Andrew
Published: December 2020

A 7 yr old male beagle was examined because of lethargy, anorexia, and cranial abdominal discomfort. Significant clinicopathologic abnormalities included severe liver enzyme elevations and hypercholesterolemia. Abdominal imaging identified vascular compromise of the left lateral liver lobe and a gallbladder mucocele. Following liver lobectomy and cholecystectomy, the dog’s clinical signs resolved, and liver enzymes substantially improved. Diffuse hepatocellular infarction and necrosis secondary to multifocal atherosclerosis was present on histopathology of the liver. Hypothyroidism was subsequently diagnosed. Restoration of euthyroidism with oral levothyroxine therapy resolved the remaining liver enzyme elevations and hypercholesterolemia. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first case report of hypothyroidism resulting in a clinically apparent and resolvable acute hepatopathy due to atherosclerosis. Clinicians should include atherosclerosis as a differential diagnosis for dogs with an acute hepatopathy and investigate dogs for hypothyroidism if atherosclerosis is diagnosed on liver biopsy.
Additional fixation using a metal plate with bioresorbable screws and wires for robinson type 2B clavicle fracture
Authors: shin Woo Jin , Chung Young Woo , Kim Seon Do , An Ki-Yong
Published: December 2020

Simple clavicle shaft fracture typically achieves satisfactory union after treatment and does not result in complication with conservative treatment. Non-union or malunion can occur in displaced clavicle fractures or comminuted shaft fractures. Treatment of displaced comminuted clavicle shaft fractures is performed by holding together the free fragments with interfragmentary screws or wires and fixing them to the clavicle with a plate. Therefore, we performed interfragmentary fixation using open reduction and internal fixation with bioresorbable screws (Mg-Ca alloy, Resomet Bioresorbable bone screw; U&I Corp.) and bioresorbable wires (Mg-Ca alloy, Resomet Bioresorbable K-wire and pin, U&I Corp.) for displaced comminuted clavicle fractures (Robinson type 2B) and additionally used a metal plate. We expected decreased irritation and infection due to absorption after surgery. We report four cases that were treated in this way.
Isolated calcific tendinitis at the posterosuperior labrum: a rare case study
Authors: Suh Dong-Hwan , Ji Jong-Hun , Kim Chang-Yeon
Published: December 2020

Calcific tendinitis of the shoulder joint, also known as chemical furuncle of the shoulder, causes intense shoulder pain and usually occurs within 1–2 cm from the insertion of the rotator cuff. We experienced a rare case of calcific tendinitis in the posterosuperior labrum of the shoulder joint in a 39-year-old male patient who presented with severe pain and weakness in the right shoulder. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings showed calcific tendinitis in the posterosuperior labrum of the shoulder joint. A 1-week attempt at conservative treatment failed, so the calcified deposit in the posterosuperior labrum was arthroscopically removed. The patient’s symptoms were completely relieved, and satisfactory clinical outcomes were achieved. Postoperative follow-up X-ray and MRI showed no recurrence of calcific tendinitis.
Short- to mid-term outcomes of radial head replacement for complex radial head fractures
Authors: Baek Chung-Sin , Kim Beom-Soo , Kim Du-Han , Cho Chul-Hyun
Published: December 2020

Background: The purpose of the current study was to investigate short- to mid-term outcomes and complications following radial head replacement (RHR) for complex radial head fractures and to identify factors associated with clinical outcomes.Methods: Twenty-four patients with complex radial head fractures were treated by RHR. The mean age of the patients was 49.8 years (range, 19–73 years). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated for a mean follow-up period of 58.9 months (range, 27–163 months) using the visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS), the quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (Quick-DASH) score, and serial plain radiographs. Complications were also evaluated. Results: At the final follow-up, the mean VAS score, MEPS, and Quick-DASH score were 0.6±1.1, 88.7±11.5, and 19.4±7.8, respectively. The mean range of motion was 132.7o of flexion, 4.7o of extension, 76.2o of pronation, and 77.5o of supination. Periprosthetic lucency was observed in six patients (25%). Heterotopic ossification was observed in four patients (16.7%). Arthritic change of the elbow joint developed in seven patients (29.2%). Capitellar wear was found in five patients (20.8%). Arthritic change of the elbow joint was significantly correlated with MEPS (P=0.047). Four cases of complications (16.6%) were observed, including two cases of major complications (one stiffness with heterotopic ossification and progressive ulnar neuropathy and one stiffness) and two cases of minor complications (two transient ulnar neuropathy).Conclusions: RHR for the treatment of complex radial head fractures yielded satisfactory short- to mid-term clinical outcomes, though radiographic complications were relatively high.
Some Multiple Regression Models for the Number of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in the United States
Authors: Tenenholtz John , George Florence , Gulati Sneh
Published: December 2020

The whole world has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. It has changed life drastically, affecting both social and business behavior and causing major economic distress throughout the world. The disease is often denominated a “novel coronavirus,” meaning that it is a new strain, that none of us carry antibodies to it and that there is much to be learned about its pathology. This obviously makes it hard to control. While several countries seem to have grasped ways to contain the virus, the United States (the “U.S.”) has seen steady growth in the number of cases and deaths. This paper uses multiple regression models to examine the differences among the several U.S. states in the numbers of cases and deaths and investigates several possible contributing factors to these totals.
Qualitative survey-based evaluation of operability and convenience for the
etanercept biosimilar YLB113 in a unique injection pen in patients with rheumatoid
arthritis
Authors: Hibino Toshihiko , Yoshida Tomohiko , Sagawa Akira , Masuda Ikuko , Fukuda Takaaki
Published: December 2020

Study objective: Needle fear is common among patients with rheumatoid arthritis
(RA) who require subcutaneous (SC) injections. The convenience, usability and safety of
the etanercept biosimilar YLB113 in an injection pen were evaluated among patients who
switched from syringe injection. Methods: Patients with RA who had completed the phase
III clinical study of YLB113 in a pre-filled syringe (YLB113-002) were enrolled (n = 35)
and received once-weekly SC injections with the injection pen (YLB113 50 mg) for 8
weeks. After 8 weeks, patients completed a qualitative survey evaluating the form and
design of the pen, its operability, and patient preference for pen or syringe. Adverse
events were evaluated throughout the study. Results: Most patients reported the pen was
‘very easy to grasp’ or ‘easy to grasp.’ The pen was also reported to be easy to
operate. The click signalling the start and end of the injection could be heard ‘very
well’ or ‘well’. Similarly, the injection solution check window could be seen by most
patients. About three-quarters of respondents preferred the pen over a syringe. The pen
was considered easier to use for the following reasons: the body is easy to grasp; the
procedure is easy to understand; and the procedure can be performed without anxiety,
fear, or tenseness. Conclusions: The majority of these Japanese subjects with RA in the
study judged the YLB113 50 mg delivered by injection pen to be easy to use, convenient
and well tolerated
High Density Planting System of Cotton in India: Status and Breeding Strategies
Authors: Kumar Mahadevan , Premalatha Nallathambi , Mahalingam Lakshmanan , Sakthivel Nalliappan , Senguttuvan Kannan , Latha Paramanandham
Published: December 2020

Cotton, a crop of choice, occupies the second premier position next to food crops in providing clothing. Though 53 species of Gossypium are available, only four species are cultivable and among the four, the major cultivable area falls under G. hirsutum. Though varieties with medium, superior medium, long and extra long staple cotton were released earlier, with the advent of machineries, ginning facilities, mills were literally requiring cotton fiber of any length. With the advent of Bt technology and the release of hybrids during 2002, cotton productivity had a momentum. However, considering the duration, cost involved in manual harvesting etc., farmers were looking for alternate option and High Density Planting System (HDPS) offered a promise in this direction. Farmers were looking for genotypes that could yield better under higher planting densities with fewer bolls per plant, synchronized maturity with uniform bursting. Efforts have been taken all over the World in this direction and India is not an exception. Handful of varieties fitting to this situation has been released from many of the Universities. This chapter essentially summarizes the genetic, agronomic, plant protection interventions and the futuristic requirements for achieving at least 700 kg of lint per hectare.
Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds Profile of Pistachio Skins (Pistacia vera L., cultivars Kallehghuchi and Ohadi)
Authors: Azadedel Shima , Hanachi Parichehr , Saboora Azra
Published: December 2020

Background: Pistachio with scientific name Pistacia vera L., a native plant in Asia, is a member of Anacardiaceae family. Pistachio nuts and skins are known as a rich source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Objectives: In current study industrial production of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity was investigated because of high mass production of Pistachio skin in Iran. Method: The extraction of two pistachio cultivars, namely Kallehghuchi and Ohadi were carried out by using two methods (maceration and ultrasonic extraction) and four solvents (acetone 70%, ethanol 50%, methanol 50% and water). Antioxidant properties of pistachio skins were determined by three methods (Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method, DPPH assay, TLC/DPPH analysis). Results: The results showed that the highest content of total phenolic compounds were measured by ultrasonic and maceration methods related to Ohadi and Kallehghuchi in acetone solvents 17.4±0.04 and 17.26±0.1 mg/g DW respectively. The highest antioxidant activity in were measured by ultrasonic and maceration methods related to Ohadi in acetone and water solvents IC50=0.057±0.001 and 0.059±0.002 µg/mL respectively. By TLC/DPPH analysis, gallic acid, 4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxy benzoic acid, tannic acid and some unidentified compounds were determined. By HPLC analysis, gallic acid, coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid and 4-hydroxy benzoic acid were determined. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study clarifies some special biochemical characteristics of pistachio skins. Therefore, according to results of the study pistachio skins could be successfully used in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Logic-Based Therapy and Civil Discourse in Fractious Times
Authors: Newhart Laura ,   National Philosophical Counseling Association
Published: December 2020

This paper explores the role that Elliot D. Cohen’s Logic-Based Therapy might play in restoring civility to public discourse in this era of social and political divisiveness. The contributions that Logic-Based Therapy, as a modality of philosophical counseling, might make to improving public discourse are explored through the lenses of Jonathan Haidt’s social intuitionist model of the formation of moral judgments and his Moral Foundations Theory of the development of general political perspectives, both articulated in Haidt’s The Righteous Mind: Why Good People are Divided by Politics and Religion. In spite of substantial differences in Cohen’s and Haidt’s methodological approaches and theoretical content, the similarities are significant enough to allow opportunities for Logic-Based Therapy to intervene in important and effective ways to restore civil discourse in fractious times.
Parasitoids of the genus Pholetesor Mason, 1981 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) from the leafminers Lepidoptera, with the description of three new species from India
Authors: Ahmad Zubair , Ghramh Hamed A. , Pandey Kavita
Published: December 2020

Pholetesor acrocercophagus sp. nov., P. camerariae sp. nov. and P. indicus sp. nov.(Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) are described as new to science. These three species were reared from Acrocercops sp., Acrocercops phaeospora Meyrick, 1916 and Cameraria virgulata Meyrick, 1914 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), respectively. Characteristics of these new species and their affinities with related taxa are discussed. Data on habitat, host records and host plant species for all the parasitoid species is provided. A key to the Indian species of the genus Pholetesor Mason, 1981 reared from lepidopteran leafminers is also given.
'Migration crisis' and the far right networks in Europe: A case study of Serbia
Authors: Lažetić Marina
Published: December 2020

During the 'migration crisis' Serbia has been a transit country. However, several thousands of migrants and refugees remained 'stuck' in the Western Balkans after the closure of the Balkan Route, and issues related to their potential integration provided a platform for Serbian far right movements and parties to establish new and stronger relationships with their European counterparts. This changed the far right landscape in the Western Balkans and allowed anti-European narratives to strengthen. This paper identifies the 'new far right' which is on the rise in Serbia, and its relationships with the larger network of European far right movements. Based on field interviews and social media content analysis, the paper draws a conclusion that if the EU fails to take a more active role in making integration an attractive option for the Western Balkan countries, the rise of far right movements in the region could present a serious security threat.
DYNAMICS AND SUSPENSION OF DUST PARTICLES IN CATHODE SHEATHS OF DC GLOW DISCHARGES
Authors: LIU DE-YONG  , WANG DE-ZHEN  , LIU JIN-YUAN  ,   大连理工大学物理系，三束材料改性国家重点实验室，大连  116024
Published: December 2020

We have investigated the dynamics of dust particles in electrode sheaths of dc glow discharges.The charge of dust particles,the various forces and the suspension position are also calculated.The dynamics and the suspension position of dust particles are determined by their size and the forces acting on them. We find that the suspension position in the collisional sheath is closer to the electrode than that in the collisionless sheath.It is also shown that in the lower sheath (above the lower electrode) only those particles of the same size can be suspended in the same position.In the upper sheath (under the upper electrode) grains with different sizes can be suspended in the same position.All the dust particles suspended in the sheath are charged negatively and satisfy Fnet=0 and dＦnet/dx<0.However,whether the dust particles that satisfy these conditions can be suspended in the sheath is also determined by their initial position and velocity.
INVESTIGATION OF Au/Au(100)FILM GROWTH WITH ENERGETIC DEPOSITION BY KINETIC MONTE CARLO SIMULATION
Authors: ZHANG  QING-YU  , MA  TENG-CAI  , PAN  ZHENG-YING  , TANG  JIA-YONG  ,   (1)大连理工大学三束材料改性国家重点实验室，大连  116024; (2)复旦大学现代物理研究所基于加速器的原子及原子核物理开放实验室，上海  200433
Published: December 2020

The Au/Au(100) epitaxial growth with energetic deposition was simulated by using kinetic Monte Carlo method.The influences of energetic atoms on morphology and atomistic processes in the early stage of film growth were investigated.The reentrant layer-by-layer growth was observed in the temperature range of 450K to 100K.We found the energetic atoms can promote the nucleation and island growth in the early stages of film growth and enhance the smoothness of film surface at temperatures of film growth in 3-dimensional mode and in quasi-two-dimensional mode.The atomistic mechanism that promotes the nucleation and island growth and enhances the smoothness of film surface is discussed.
THE RESISTANCE-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES OF THE COMPLEX CONDUCTIVE SILICONE RUBBER
Authors: XIE QUAN  , LUO  JIAO-LIAN  , GAN FU-XI  ,   (1)长沙交通学院信息与计算科学系，长沙  410076; (2)长沙交通学院信息与计算科学系，长沙  410076；中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所，上海  201800; (3)中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所，上海  201800
Published: December 2020

The resistance-temperature properties of the complex conductive silicone rubber were studied.The change of the resistance of the conductive silicone rubber during the process of rising temperature was analyzed,and the influences of the content of conductive fillers on the resistance-temperature properties of the complex conductive silicone were studied in detail.The specific resistivity changes at different annealing temperatures and the resistance relaxation time with pulling force were measured,and the influence of thermal treatment and content of conductive fillers on the mechanism of the resistance properties was also analyzed.
A CORRELATION BETWEEN THE FERROELECTRIC PHASE TRANSITION AND THE CELL VOLUME IN BARIUM STRONTIUM TITANATE
Authors: ZHANG LEI  , ZHONG WEI-LIE  , PENG YI-PING  , WANG YU-GUO  ,   山东大学物理系，济南  250100
Published: December 2020

The TC of BaμSr1-μTiO3(BST) as a f unction of the composition and the lattice parameter γ is examined. It is compa red with the lattice parameter dependence of TC of BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 respectively. It is argued that the variation of TC in BST can be attributed to the change of cell volume. The order and the di ffuseness of the phase transition are also discussed from the volume effect view point. The fact that the Ba and Sr are ionized leads to the volume effect of BST .
OBSERVATION OF THE TRANSVERSE PINCH OF THE EXPANSION OF AN FEMTOSECOND LASER-PLA SMA
Authors: LI YU-TONG  , ZHANG JIE  , CHEN LI-MING  , XIA JIANG-FAN  , TENG HAO  , WEI ZHI-YI  , JIANG  WEN-MIAN  ,   (1)中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心，绵阳  621900; (2)中国科学院物理研究所光物理实验室，北京  100080; (3)中国科学院物理研究所光物理实验室，北京  100080；中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心，绵阳  621900
Published: December 2020

Using Normaski polarization interference technique, the expansion process of a plasma generated by ultrashort laser pulses was optically diagnosed. Temporal resolved interferogram of the laser-plasma has been obtained. A strong pinch effect in the transverse dimension has been observed for a jet expansion of the laser- plasma. It is found that the pinch effect was due to the confinement of the magn etic fields generated in the laser-plasma.
IMAGE DIPOLE METHOD FOR THE DIPOLE MOMENTS OF CONDUCTING PARTICLE CLUSTERS
Authors: JIANG ZE-HUI  , XU SU-JUAN  , CHEN WEI  , MEN SHOU-QIANG  , LU KUN-QUAN  ,   (1)哈尔滨工业大学，哈尔滨  150001; (2)中国科学院物理研究所，北京  100080
Published: December 2020

Often it is difficult to calculate the dipole moments of clusters of conducting particles imposed to uniform electric fields, because of the difficulty in handling the mutual coupling between the particles. Such mutual coupling generally causes the polarization of the particles to be dependent upon the structures and the sizes of the clusters. In this paper, an image dipole method is employed for the analysis of this effect. First, a pair of two identical conducting spheres with arbitrary separation immersed in a longitudinal or transverse field is considered, and the image dipoles and image charges, and their distribution induced in each sphere are determined. Then, the dipole moments for the clusters with 4 and 8 spheres arranged on the vertexes of a square or a cube are estimated, and closed-form expressions are given. Comparison with previous calculations is made, and good agreement has been obtained.
THEORETICAL STUDY OF LOW-ENERGY ELEMENTARY EXCITATIONS IN SPIN-PEIERLS SYSTEM
Authors: XU JING  , CHEN HONG  , ZHANG YU-MEI  , FENG WEI-GUO  ,   同济大学波耳固体物理研究所，上海  200092
Published: December 2020

By using bosonization technique and quantum self-consistent theory, we study the low-energy excitations of a spin-Peierls system. The ground state, one-particle excited state, two-particle bound state are calculated, and it is shown, as the frustration increases, the energy of the ground state decreases while the energy gap of the one- and two-particle states increases. By analysing the asymototic behavior of the longitudinal spin correlation function, we obtain that the two-particle bound state has similar spin structures as those of the singlet ground state. Thus, we regard the bound state as a singlet state, which exists between the ground state and the two-particle continuous excited state. Our results are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental phenomena observed by Ain et al. It is shown that the existence of bound state is one of the spin-Peierls system's characteristic features.
CHARGE TRANSFER IN MIXED HALIDE MX COMPOUNDS
Authors: WEI JIAN-HUA  , XIE SHI-JIE  , MEI LIANG-MO  ,   山东大学物理系，济南  250100
Published: December 2020

Intrinsic charge transfer in mixed halide compounds PtXxX′1-x was studied in the framework of the two-band extended Pielerls-Hubbard model. It was found that the number of transferred charges can be a fraction times of the electronic charge. The maximum amount of transferred charges occurs at a certain x for a given mixed compound.
MACROSCOPIC QUANTUM EFFECT IN SINGLE DOMAIN ANTIFERROMAGNETIC PARTICLES IN AN EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: NIE YI-HANG  , SHI YUN-LONG  , ZHANG YUN-BO  , LIANG JIU-QING  , PU FU-KE  ,   (1)山西大学物理系,山西大学理论物理研究所,太原  030006; (2)山西大学物理系,山西大学理论物理研究所,太原  030006；雁北师范学院物理系,大同  037000; (3)雁北师范学院物理系,大同  037000; (4)中国科学院物理研究所,北京  100080;广州师范学院物理系,广州  510400
Published: December 2020

The effect of the external magnetic field on macroscopic quantum tunneling in biaxial single domain antiferromagnetic particles is studied with the help of the instanton method. It is shown that the decay rate increases with increasing external magnetic field applied along the easy axis of the magnetization, and that the tunneling splitting oscilates with respect to the external magnetic field in the direction of the medium axis. Our results may be helpful for experimental observation of the macroscopic quantum coherence and the tunneling decay in single domain antiferromagnetic particles.
EFFECT OF EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD ON LOW-ENERGY BEHAVIOR OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL HEISENBERG CHAIN
Authors: GAO YANG  , ZHANG YU-MEI  , CHEN HONG  ,   同济大学物理系，上海  200092
Published: December 2020

Spin-1/2 anisotropic Heisenberg chain in longitudinal external magnetic field is studied by traditional Jordan-Wigner transformation and bosonization method. In the presence of an external field, both Fermi velocity and Fermi momentum are changed, thus the bosonization procedure is also changed. The antiferromagnetic phase and paramagnetic phase are discussed and the dependence of ground state energy and magnetization on the field are calculated and depicted for some typical cases.
OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY STUDY ON CARRIER CONCENTRATION AND MOBILITY IN GaN
Authors: LI ZHI-FENG  , LU WEI  , YE HONG-JUAN  , YUAN XIAN-ZHANG  , SHEN XUE-CHU  , G.Li  , S.J.Chua  ,   (1)Institute of Materials Research and Engineering,National University of Singapore,10 Kent Ridge Crescent,Singapore  119260; (2)中国科学院上海技术物理研究所，红外物理国家重点实验室，上海  200083
Published: December 2020

We have studied the carrier concentration and the mobility in GaN expitaxial thin films deposited on sapphire substrate using infrared reflection spectroscopy. By theoretical calculation and fitting with the experimental IR reflection spectra for a series of Si-doped GaN epilayers and the sapphire substrate, we obtain the phonon vibrating parameters and plasmon frequency and damping constant in GaN. The carrier concentration and mobility have been deduced. The results show that the data for carrier concentration coincide with Hall measurement while the mobility is lower than Hall data by a factor of about 0.5. The variation of the LO phonon-plasmon coupling mode with doping level has been clearly observed. Raman measurement has been performed on the same series of samples, showing that the behavior of the LO phonon-plasmon coupling mode is similar to that in IR measurement.
THE EFFECT OF GYROSCOPIC PRECESSION IN SEN SPACETIME
Authors: PENG YI  , LIANG ZHI-BIN  , JING JI-LIANG  , HUANG YI-BIN  ,   (1)东南大学物理系，南京  210096；南京师范大学数科院，南京  210080; (2)中国科学技术大学天文与应用物理系，合肥  230026
Published: December 2020

The effect of gyroscopic precession in Sen spacetime is investigated using Frenet-Serret formalism,and general precession formulas for circular orbits with arbi trary constant angular speed are deduced.The precession angle on the equatiorial plane and along the circular geodesics can be obtained easily from the general formulas.The effect of gyroscopic precession in static dilaton spacetime is also studied as a special case.Comparing these results with those in the Kerr-Newman and Reissner-Nordstrm spacetime respectively,we find that dilaton coupling wi ll decrease the effect of precession.
THE INTERATOMIC INTERACTION AND PHONON DISPERSIONS IN IRON
Authors: LI MI  ,   北京科技大学物理系，北京  100083
Published: December 2020

In the present paper the interatomic interaction in iron is calculated from the cohesive energy by means of the Mbius transform formula.The atomic force const ants are calculated using the calculated potential and then the phonon dispersions.In the calculation it is found that only the two-body potential in the intera ction is insufficient,and the three-body potential also needs to be taken into a ccount.In the later calculation the Slater-Kirkwood type three-body potential is used and the calculated results of the phonon dispersions along three major dir ections [100],[110] and [111] are in good agreement with experiment.
ANALYSIS OF THE PROPAGATING PROPERTIES OF PULSE VOLTAGE AND CURRENT ON DIPOLE AN TENNAS BY EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT METHOD
Authors: WANG JUN-HONG  ,   北方交通大学光波研究所，北京  100044
Published: December 2020

The distributed static capacitance of the dipole antenna was solved by finite di fference method. The influences of the antenna configuration coefficients on the distributed capacitance were analyzed. An equivalent circuit for dipole antenna s, which can be solved in time-domain, was put forward by the distributed static capacitance and the inductance. A corresponding time-domain approach for solvin g this circuit was proposed. By these equivalent circuit and the approach, the v alues of voltage and current at any point of the antenna and at any time can be solved, no matter what pulse source is fed to the antenna. Therefore, the propag ating properties of the pulse voltage and current along the antenna can be analy zed, and the phenomena occurring in the propagating procedure can be explained.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON SAGNAC INTERFEROMETER BASED ON SI NGLE OPTICAL FIBER GRATING
Authors: SHU XUE-WEN  , HUANG DE-XIU  , DENG GUI-HUA  , SHI WEI  , JIANG SHAN  ,   (1)华中理工大学光电子工程系，武汉  430074; (2)武汉邮电科学院固体器件研究所，武汉  430074
Published: December 2020

A novel Sagnac interferometer employing an optical fiber grating in its loop is presented.The transmission responses of the loops with uniform Bragg gratings an d linearly chirped fiber gratings are calculated. The analytic expressions for the loop with a uniform Bragg grating are given. It is found that the loop of a u niform grating leads to equally spaced band-passes,while that of a chirped fiber grating leads to unequally spaced band-passes. Such Sagnac loops may find appli cations in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems and optical fib er sensing. The multiple band-passes filters with 8 and 16 channels are demonstr ated experimentally. The experiments verify the results of our analysis.
NONLINEAR LOCALIZED MODES IN A ONE-DIMENSIONAL DIAMOND-STRUCTURE LATTICE
Authors: ZHOU GUANG-HUI  , XIA QING-LIN  , YAN JIA-REN  ,   (1)湖南师范大学物理系，长沙  410081; (2)湖南师范大学物理系，长沙  410081；中国科学院国际材料物理中心，沈阳  110015
Published: December 2020

The nonlinear localized vibrational modes in an anharmonic atomic chain with uniform mass but two alternating force constants between nearest-neighbors are stud ied by means of multiple-scale expansion. This atomic chain models the vibration s of an arrow of atoms in the direction of a diamond-structure lattice or a molecular chain. It is shown that the distribution of the atomic displacements is governed by a perturbed nonlinear Schrdinger equation, and both the statio nary and moving solutions are obtained. The results are somewhat different from that of the diatomic chain with uniform force constants but two alternating mass es. The reason may be that the translational symmetry of diamond-structure latti ce is comparetively lower.