bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brefeldin A-inhibited Guanine Exchange Factor 2 Regulates Filamin A Phosphorylation and Neuronal Migration
Authors: Zhang Jingping , Neal Jason , Lian Gewei , Shi Bingxing , Ferland Russell J. , Sheen Volney
Published: September 2012

Periventricular heterotopia (PH) is a human malformation of cortical development associated with gene mutations in ADP-ribosylation factor guanine exchange factor 2 (ARFGEF2encodes for Big2 protein) and Filamin A (FLNA). PH is thought to derive from neuroependymal disruption, but the extent to which neuronal migration contributes to this phenotype is unknown. Here, we show thatArfgef2null mice develop PH and exhibit impaired neural migration with increased protein expression for both FlnA and phosphoFlnA at Ser2152. Big2 physically interacts with FlnA and overexpression of phosphomimetic Ser2512 FLNA impairs neuronal migration. FlnA phosphorylation directs FlnA localization toward the cell cytoplasm, diminishes its binding affinity to actin skeleton, and alters the number and size of paxillin focal adhesions. Collectively, our results demonstrate a molecular mechanism whereby Big2 inhibition promotes phosphoFlnA (Ser2152) expression, and increased phosphoFlnA impairs its actin binding affinity and the distribution of focal adhesions, thereby disrupting cell intrinsic neuronal migration.
Coarse-Graining of Ionic Microgels: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Riest Jonas , Mohanty Priti , Schurtenberger Peter , Likos Christos N.
Published: September 2012

In this work, we discuss the statistical mechanics of many-body systems consisting of electrically charged microgels, and we show that their collective behavior is determined by an interplay between the screened electrostatic and the elastic contributions to their effective interaction potential. The former is derived by means of a statistical-mechanical approach due to Denton [A. R. Denton, Phys. Rev. E 67, 011804 (2003)], and it includes the screened electrostatic potential between penetrable spheres and the counterion entropic contribution. The latter is based on the Hertzian model of the theory of elasticity. Comparisons with experimental results demonstrate the realistic nature of the coarse-graining procedure, which makes it possible to put forward theoretical predictions on the phase diagram of ionic microgels and on the behavior of soft, neutral microgels under confinement in narrow pores.
The Structure of Fluids with Impurities
Authors: Bier Markus , Harnau Ludger
Published: September 2012

The influence of dilute impurities on the structure of a fluid solvent is investigated theoretically. General arguments, which do not rely on particular models, are used to derive an extension of the Ornstein–Zernike form for the solvent structure factor at small scattering vectors. It is shown that dilute impurities can influence the solvent structure only if they are composed of ions with significantly different sizes. Non-ionic impurities or ions of similar size are shown to not alter the solvent structure qualitatively. This picture is compatible with available experimental data. The derived form of the solvent structure factor is expected to be useful to infer information on the impurity-solvent interactions form measured scattering intensities.
Au-TiO
2
Yolk-Shell Particles for Photocatalysis Application
Authors: Dai Bin , Polzer Frank , Häusler Ines , Lu Yan
Published: September 2012

Au-TiO2 yolk-shell particles with gold as core and mesoporous TiO2 as shell have been synthesized by deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles onto Au-silica core-shell particles via modified sol-gel method at room temperature followed by the removal of silica midlayer by NaOH treatment. The Au-TiO2 yolk-shell particles exhibit a high colloidal stability, which can be applied as excellent heterogeneous photocatalysts for the photodegradation of the dye Rhodamine B under UV irradiation. The Au-TiO2 yolk-shell particles have shown much higher photocatalytic activity than that of the hollow TiO2 particles without gold.
Synthesis of PEG-Stabilized Fluoro-Acrylate Particles and Study of their Glass Transition in Aqueous Dispersion
Authors: Wiemann Malte , Schneider René , Bartsch Eckhard
Published: September 2012

Synthesis of colloidal particles which are sterically stabilized in water and at the same time isorefractive in aqueous dispersion has been achieved by copolymerizing a fluoracrylate monomer with a PEG-macromonomer. Colloidal stability against salt addition and freeze-thawing cycles is demonstrated, indicating that the particles consist of a core of fluoroacrylate and a stabilizing surface layer of grafted PEG. To test the performance as a model system for studies of colloidal vitrification in aqueous media, the dynamics of a binary mixture of these particles with a size ratio of 0.8 and a number ratio of 1.3 (small : large particles) were studied in an isorefractive mixture of water and DMSO (≈ 11 mol % DMSO). The characteristic features of a system close to the glass transition were observed in the density density autocorrelation function f(q, τ) as measured by DLS. However, the glass transition occurred at an unexpectedly low volume fraction of 0.262. This discrepancy correlates with an unusually large difference between TEM and DLS radii and is explained by the presence of a rather extended hairy PEG surface layer.
Structure-Property Relations of Liquid Crystalline Gels with ABA-Triblock Copolymers as Gelators
Authors: Pettau Robin , Müller Thomas , Khazimullin Maxim , Rehberg Ingo , Schmidt Hans-Werner
Published: September 2012

This paper reports on the influence of the structure of tailored ABA-triblock copolymers on physical gelation of the nematic liquid crystal 4'-n-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (5CB), rheological properties, and the electro-optical response of the gels. The block copolymer gelators, comprised of two polystyrene A-blocks connected to a cyanobiphenyl-functionalized polyhydroxystyrene B-block, were synthesized by living anionic polymerization and functionalized by polymer analogous reactions. These block copolymers feature selective solubility. The B-block is soluble in the nematic and isotropic state of 5CB, whereas the polystyrene A-blocks are only soluble in the isotropic state. Consequently, upon cooling liquid crystalline gels are formed due to the controlled microphase-separation of the A-blocks. We show that the polymer composition and the different block lengths are important to vary the gel properties and the electro-optical response. It is confirmed that the gel formation correlates to the isotropic to nematic transition of 5CB for block copolymer gelators with sufficiently long A-blocks. Higher gel elasticity is obtained if gelators with short B-blocks are employed. The influence of the polymer network on the switching behavior of these liquid crystalline gels is investigated with respect to the electro-optical response in light scattering experiments. Intriguingly, these indicate a rearrangement of the nodes formed by the A-blocks under a strong electric field for block copolymers with short A-blocks.
Qualidade de luz e fitorreguladores na multiplicação e enraizamento in vitro da amoreira-preta 'Xavante'
Authors: Pasa Mateus da Silveira , Carvalho Geniane Lopes , Schuch Márcia Wulff , Schmitz Juliano Dutra , Torchelsen Marcela de Melo , Nickel Gabriela Kaltbach , Sommer Laura Reisdorfer , Lima Thaís Santos , Camargo Samila Silva
Published: September 2012

A técnica de micropropagação apresenta diversas vantagens em relação aos métodos tradicionalmente utilizados na propagação da amoreira-preta, especialmente quanto à maior sanidade das mudas e maior rapidez na obtenção de novas plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influência dos fitorreguladores 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) e ácido indolbutírico (AIB), aliados à qualidade de luz, na multiplicação e enraizamento in vitro, respectivamente, da amoreira-preta cultivar 'Xavante'. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de diferentes níveis de qualidade de luz (azul, vermelha, branca e ausência de luz) combinadas com ausência ou presença dos fitorreguladores AIB (0,5mg L-1) e BAP (0,8mg L-1) no meio de cultivo. A utilização de BAP aumenta o número de brotações, gemas e folhas da amoreira-preta 'Xavante' e, dessa forma, é indicada para sua multiplicação in vitro. A utilização de AIB não é necessária no enraizamento in vitro da amoreira-preta 'Xavante', indicando que essa cultivar apresenta bom enraizamento natural.
Emergência de plântulas de Tabebuia caraiba (Mart.) Bureau
Authors: Garcia Saulo Ferreira , Oliveira Camila de , Silva Breno Marques da Silva e
Published: September 2012

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi determinar o substrato e a profundidade de semeadura mais adequados para a emergência de plântulas de ipê amarelo. Na avaliação dos substratos, as sementes foram colocadas em caixas de plástico entre areia, solo, resíduos triturados de açaí (endocarpo + semente), vermiculita, serragem, areia + vermiculita (1:1), areia + resíduos triturados de açaí (endocarpo + semente) (1:1), areia + serragem (1:1) e areia + solo (1:1), enquanto, para a profundidade de semeadura, as sementes foram colocadas dentro de caixas de plástico entre areia, nas profundidades de 0, 1, 2 e 4 cm e levadas para casa de vegetação, sendo avaliados, em ambos, a porcentagem e a velocidade de emergência de plântulas. Os substratos mais adequados para emergência de plântulas de ipê amarelo são areia, vermiculita, areia + vermiculita (1:1), areia + solo (1:1) e areia + resíduos triturados de açaí (endocarpo + semente) (1:1). As semeaduras superiores a 1 cm de profundidade são inadequadas para a emergência de plântulas da referida espécie.
Apoptose na infecção experimental de cães domésticos com Ehrlichia canis
Authors: Sanchez Irma Ximena Barbosa , Socarras Teresa de Jesus Oviedo , Silva Miguel Ladino , Pereira Nubia Braga , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , Vasconcelos Anilton Cesar
Published: September 2012

A Erliquiose canina é uma zoonose causada pela Ehrlichia canis, bactéria Gram negativa de distribuição mundial. Alguns cães com erliquiose se tornam portadores assintomáticos enquanto outros desenvolvem uma doença aguda com morte rápida. A apoptose pode ser importante na eliminação de patógenos intracelulares, podendo, nas infecções por Ehrlichia sp. e Anaplasma sp., ocorrer modulação da apoptose celular para prolongar a sobrevivência desses organismos. Para avaliação do papel da apoptose na erliquiose canina, sete cães foram distribuídos em dois grupos. No Grupo inoculado, realizou-se a infecção por via intravenosa com sangue infectado com E. canis (isolado Jaboticabal), sendo realizada a inoculação com PBS estéril nos animais pertencentes ao Grupo Controle. Semanalmente e até 35 dias pós-inoculação, amostras de sangue foram coletadas e submetidas a n-PCR e reação de imunofluorescência (RIFI) para confirmação da infecção. No 36° dia pós-inoculação, os animais foram eutanasiados, sendo as amostras de baço, linfonodo, rim e fígado coletadas e processadas para as técnicas de TUNEL e imunohistoquímica (Bcl-2, Bax). Verificou-se pela n-PCR que os animais inoculados se tornaram positivos para E. canis a partir da segunda semana. Pela RIFI, verificou-se animais com sorologia positiva a partir da terceira semana pós-inoculação. No grupo controle, todos os testes realizados foram negativos para E. canis. Apesar da reação de TUNEL mostrar maior incidência de apoptose no Grupo Inoculado, sendo o baço e os linfonodos os órgãos que apresentaram maior marcação, os resultados da imunohistoquímica para Bcl-2 e Bax indicam que a via intrínseca de apoptose não é importante nos órgãos analisados.
Prevalence of overweight preschool children in public day care centers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nascimento Viviane Gabriela , Silva Janaína Paula Costa da , Bertoli Ciro João , Abreu Luiz Carlos , Valenti Vitor Engrácia , Leone Claudio
Published: September 2012

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Brazil is undergoing a period of epidemiological transition associated with demographic and nutritional changes. The prevalence of obesity is also increasing in children and is causing numerous health problems that are becoming public health issues. The aim here was to evaluate the prevalence of overweight among children of two and three years of age. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in municipal day care centers in Taubaté, state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Weight and height measurements were made on 447 preschool children forming a probabilistic randomized sample. Their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Their nutritional status was classified using the World Health Organization reference cutoff points (2006). Their mean weight, height and BMI were compared according to their age and sex. RESULTS: The mean values for the final sample (n = 447) were as follows: mean age: 38.6 months (± 3.5) and Z scores for: weight/height (W/H): 0.50 (± 1.22); height/age: -0.03 (± 1.07); weight/age (W/A): 0.51 (± 1.23); and BMI: 0.51(± 1.23). The prevalence of overweight children (BMI > 1 z) was 28.86%, while the prevalence of underweight children (BMI < -2 z) was 0.89%. There were no differences in mean BMI among the two and three-year age groups (P = 0.66). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of overweight was observed in the sample of two and three-year-old children, with practically no malnutrition, thus showing that a significant nutritional transition may already be occurring, even in medium-sized cities of developing countries.
Association between maternal and fetal weight gain: cohort study
Authors: Costa Bárbara Miranda Ferreira , Paulinelli Régis Resende , Barbosa Maria Alves
Published: September 2012

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Excessive gestational weight gain is related to many complications (both maternal and fetal), such as macrosomia. The most common complications in macrosomic fetuses include: increased risk of intrauterine death, need for intensive care, fractures, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, paralysis of the brachial plexus and obesity in childhood and adulthood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between gestational and fetal weight gain and the incidence of macrosomia in two maternity hospitals. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cohort study in two public maternity hospitals in Goiânia, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cohort study on 200 healthy pregnant women with normal body mass index, divided into two groups: one with normal weight gain and the other with excessive weight gain during pregnancy. RESULTS: The cohorts were similar regarding maternal age, per capita income, schooling level and reproductive behavior. The fetal weight was greater in the cohort with excessive maternal weight gain (3,388.83 g ± 514.44 g) than in the cohort with normal weight (3,175.86 g ± 413.70 g) (P < 0.01). The general incidence of macrosomia was 6.5%: 13.0% (13 cases) in the cohort with excessive maternal weight gain and 0.0% (0 cases) in the cohort with adequate weight gain. CONCLUSION: Excessive maternal weight gain was associated with increased fetal birth weight and incidence of macrosomia.
Copepods (Crustacea, Maxillopoda) from shallow reservoirs
Authors: Castilho-Noll Maria Stela Maioli , Câmara Carolina Figueira , Chicone Maira Favaron , Shibata Érico Hissashi , Stephan Ligia Roma
Published: September 2012

AIM: Among the planktonic microcrustaceans, copepods Cyclopoida and Calanoida are the most representative groups, being the largest biomass of the plankton community. The aim of this work is to catalogue and analyze the distribution of copepod species (Crustacea, Maxillopoda) in pelagic and littoral zones from small reservoirs in the northwest of the São Paulo State, in dry and rainy seasons (2007 and 2009). METHODS: Zooplankton samplings were carried out in littoral and pelagic zones of 13 small shallow reservoirs (mean depth: 2.6 m) using vertical hauls and plankton net (45 µm). Water physical and chemical parameters were also monitored with a multiparameter Horiba® U10. RESULTS: Eighteen species of copepods were identified, 13 Cyclopoida and 5 Calanoida. There was no statistical difference between the distributions of species from the littoral and pelagic zones and neither between dry and rainy seasons. Three species occurred exclusively in the littoral zone - Eucyclops elegans, Paracyclops chiltoni and Mesocyclops ogunnus. Tropocyclops prasinus and Thermocyclops decipiens were the most frequent species in the studied environments. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that in shallow reservoirs copepods present a homogeneous distribution between the littoral and pelagic zones and Cyclopoida are more diverse than Calanoida. Shallow depths and eutrophic state may be regarded as limiting conditions for the development of Calanoida in these reservoirs.
The visceral skeleton and jaw suspension in the durophagous hybodontid sharkTribodus limaefrom the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil
Authors: Lane Jennifer A. , Maisey John G.
Published: September 2012

The visceral skeleton (including complete mandibular, hyoid, and branchial arches) and teeth of the Lower Cretaceous hybodontid sharkTribodus limaeare described based on well preserved fossil material. Jaw suspension and musculature are reconstructed, representing the first reconstruction of jaw musculature in a hybodont. The jaw suspension ofTribodusis similar to batoids and advanced galeomorphs in lacking direct cranio–palatine articulations and having skeletal jaw support by the hyoid arch alone (unlike most other hybodonts), but differs from batoids in that an intact hyoid arch is present. As inAsteracanthusandLonchidion, the jaws do not extend to the snout, and were connected symphysially but not fused. CT scanning reveals the presence of supportive ‘trabecular cartilage’ struts in force-bearing regions of the jaws, representing the first report of these structures in an extinct chondrichthyan. Five branchial arches are present, of which pharyngobranchial, epibranchial, and ceratobranchial elements are observed although hypobranchials and basibranchials were presumably also present. A pharyngobranchial blade is present, as in some other hybodonts (e.g.,Lissodus) and extant galeomorphs (e.g.,Heterodontus), and the posteriormost pharyngobranchials are unfused.Tribodusis considered durophagous, based on presence of ‘trabecular cartilage’ struts and a weakly heterodont monognathic pavement dentition of flattened hexagonal teeth, as in extant myliobatoid rays. SEM examination shows that teeth ofT. limaeare anaulacorhize with a double layer of single crystallite enameloid (SCE), and confirms the presence of columnar osteodentine, as in other Acrodontidae.
Working principles of solar and other energy conversion cells
Authors: Liu Fude , Wang Wentao , Wang Lei , Yang Guandong
Published: September 2012

Renewable energy is the key to creating a clean energy future for the world. Energy conversion cells play important roles in realizing this goal. In this review article, the authors addressed the issues regarding energy conversion cells in a fresh and broad perspective. The authors checked different energy conversion paths from solar energy to electrical energy and showed a simple picture of energy conversion. The authors then went through the working principles of solar cells in terms of charge carrier generation, separation and transport/collection. The comparison between different energy conversion cells, including solar, thermoelectric, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical cells by exploring the working principles of each kind of these cells was studied. It was shown that the working principles behind these cells are quite similar, following a simple energy conversion picture. The aim of this article is to explore the close connections between different energy conversion cells and the essence behind.
Transitional Implants to Support a Mandibular Overdenture Inserted Over Immediate Implants With Guided Bone Regeneration
Authors: Thompson‐Sloan Tamika N. , Neely Anthony L.
Published: September 2012

Introduction: Replacement of missing teeth with implants and implant‐supported prostheses is commonplace today. Most implants require a healing period before loading, delaying prosthetic treatment. Transitional implants (TIs) can support prostheses during the healing period, especially after immediate implant and overdenture placement with concomitant bone grafting procedures. TIs can provide immediate tooth replacement while preventing immediate implant and bone graft overloading.

Case Presentation: A 53‐year‐old male was referred to the Graduate Periodontics Clinic at the University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan, for extraction of his mandibular teeth and placement of dental implants to retain an overdenture. Clinical examination revealed the presence of a complete maxillary denture and generalized severe attachment and bone loss in the mandibular arch. Class I mobility and extensive carious lesions were present on all teeth along with prominent root eminences and a thin biotype. Radiographic examination revealed adequate bone height for immediate implants in the canine regions. Treatment consisted of extraction of all teeth with alveoloplasty of the ridge and placement of permanent implants and TIs in the mandible. A resorbable membrane covered the bone graft that filled the gap between implants and bulked out the buccal ridge. Insertion of an immediate TI‐supported denture occurred after surgery. Postoperative healing was uneventful. Subsequent free gingival grafts augmented keratinized tissue and aided in proper oral hygiene before final prosthesis delivery.

Conclusion: TIs can minimize delay in placement of implant‐supported prostheses by bearing the load during the healing of immediate implants placed in fresh extraction sites with bone grafts.
Effect of chemical and biological factors on the densification of filamentous sludge
Authors: Li Zhi-hua , Sun Wei , Ji Xiao-qin , Wang Xiao-chang
Published: September 2012

Densification may be an alternative method for controlling sludge bulking; however, little information is available on the method. Various methods including different oxygen concentrations, surface velocities of aeration, calcium concentrations and extended starvation period were employed for triggering densification of filamentous sludge in this study. It was found that high surface velocity of aeration could effectively improve the settleability of filamentous sludge in the short term, which resulted in filamentous granulation, but could not avoid filamentous bulking even after granulation. Increase of calcium concentration could also improve the settleability by forming pigtail filaments colony in the short term, but could not trigger granulation. Extension of starvation period seems effective neither for further densification nor for granulation. Additionally, increased ovality of meshes formed by filaments was frequently associated with a dense structure of filamentous sludge. It was suggested that pigtail type of filamentous colony that thus increased the resistance to elevated shear force may encourage the densification of sludge, and two kind of densification growth patterns, i.e., granular or cluster growth pattern of filamentous sludge, were identified.
Application of a simulated annealing optimization to a physically based erosion model
Authors: Santos C. A. G. , Freire P. K. M. M. , Arruda P. M.
Published: September 2012

A major risk concerning the calibration of physically based erosion models has been partly attributable to the lack of robust optimization tools. This paper presents the essential concepts and application to optimize the erosion parameters of an erosion model using data collected in an experimental basin, with a global optimization method known as simulated annealing (SA) which is suitable for solving optimization problems of large scales. The physically based erosion model that was chosen to be optimized here is the Watershed Erosion Simulation Program (WESP), which was developed for small basins to generate the hydrograph and the respective sedigraph. The field data were collected in an experimental basin located in a semiarid region of Brazil. On the basis of these results, the following erosion parameters were optimized: the soil moisture-tension parameter (Ns) that depends also on the initial moisture content, the channel erosion parameter (a), the soil detachability factor (KR), and the sediment entrainment parameter by rainfall impact (KI), whose values could serve as initial estimates for semiarid regions within northeastern Brazil.
Flow and sediment yield simulations for Bukit Merah Reservoir catchment, Malaysia: a case study
Authors: Hasan Zorkeflee Abu , Hamidon Nuramidah , Yusof Mohd Suffian , Ghani Aminuddin Ab
Published: September 2012

Bukit Merah Reservoir is the main potable and irrigation water source for Kerian District, Perak State, Malaysia. For the past two decades, the reservoir has experienced water stress. Land-use activities have been identified as the contributor of the sedimentation. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate and quantify the impacts of land-use change in the reservoir watershed. The SWAT was calibrated and two scenarios were constructed representing projected land use in the year 2015 and hypothetical land use to represent extensive land-use change in the catchment area. The simulation results based on 17 years of rainfall records indicate that average water quantity will not be significantly affected but the ground water storage will decrease and suspended sediment will increase. Ground water decrease and sediment yield increase will exacerbate the Bukit Merah Reservoir operation problem.
Analysis of sentinel nodes biopsy in breast cancer: 12 years after introduction into clinical practice
Authors: Golubovic Andrija , Ranisavljevic Milan , Radovanovic Zoran , Selakovic Vladimir , Mandic Aljosa , Djilas Dragana
Published: September 2012

Introduction. Sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer has been a standard
procedure at the Institute for Oncology of Vojvodina since 1999 and we have
done more than 700 biopsy. Before the introduction of axillary sentinel lymph
node biopsy, lymph nodes were routinely dissected, and this approach was the
gold standard in surgical treatment of breast cancer. The study was aimed at
presenting our results in performing sentinel node biopsy in clinical
practice for operative treatment in breast cancer. Material and Methods. All
patients (n=791) were women with clinically T1-2, N0-1, M0 breast cancer.
Sentinel lymph node marking was performed by both contrast blue dye
(Patentblau V) and radiotracer (antimony sulfide marked with Tc99m). Both
contrast media were applied peritumorally or periareolarly. After sentinel
lymph node biopsy all patients underwent breast-conserving surgery or
mastectomy with or without lymph node dissection of level I and II (depending
on sentinel lymph node status). Results. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was
negative in 543 (68.7%) patients, and positive in 248 (31.3%) patients.
Solitary tumor was present in 722 (91.2%) cases, multifocal tumors in 36
(4.57%), multicentric in 28 (3.55%) and bilateral in 5 (0.68%) patients. The
mean duration of follow-up was 60.59 months (median 65, range 12- 132).
Distant metastases were mostly found in bones (39.13%). Conclusion. The
number of complications related to axillary dissection can be reduced and the
patient?s quality of life can be improved by avoiding complete axillary lymph
node dissection.
Evaluation of effect of local administration of desoximetasone and ditranol in psoriatic lesion by applying 20MHz ultrasound
Authors: Stojkovic Tatjana , Binic Ivana , Tiodorovic Jelica
Published: September 2012

Introduction. This prospective study was aimed at examining the modification
of ultrasound characteristics of psoriatic plaques during desoximetasone and
dithranol treatment. Material and Methods. The examination included 50
patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis to whom 0.25% desoximetasone and
dithranol was applied on the psoriatic lesions in the period of 21 days. The
changes were measured before and every 7 days after the beginning of therapy
by the combined application of Aand B-mode echosonography. Results. At the
beginning of the examination, the average values of the enter echo were
0.67?0.53 mm; hypoehogen shadow 0.30?0.11 mm, and dermis thickness 3.03?1.05
mm. On the first check up, the average values of the enter echo were
0.45?0.29 mm; hypoechogen shadow 0.23?0.08 mm and dermis thickness 2.65?0.97
mm. On the second check up, the average values of the enter echo were
0.30?0.18 mm; hypoechogen shadow 0.21?0.18 mm, dermis thickness 2.18?0.82
mm. On the third check up, the average values of the enter echo were
0.24?0.17 mm; hypoechogen shadow 0.18?0.17 mm, and dermis thickness 1.8?0.69
mm. Discussion. The evaluation of the ultrasonographic characteristics
revealed a significant reduction in the values in the course of the
examination. Statistically significant differences were found before,
during, and at the end of the examination by recording the ultrasound
parameters of the epidermis and dermis and by following their modification.
Conclusion. Precise determination of ultrasound parameters of epidermis and
dermis and the possibility of recording their modification in a shorter or
longer time interval can be used for monitoring and assessment of therapy
effect of a medication.
Efficacy of ibandronat 150 mg given once a month in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis on the basis of biochemical bone markers: Adhero study
Authors: Kovacev-Zavisic Branka , Ristanovic Vesna , Icin Tijana , Paro Novakovic
Published: September 2012

Introduction. Menopausal osteoporosis is a disease of older age, and its
development is related to the cessation of ovarian function together with a
number of risk factors. Monthly dosing regimens are welcomed by women because
of higher satisfaction and better adherence. This study was aimed at
assessing the therapeutic effect of ibandronate given once a month to women
with postmenopausal osteoporosis on the basis of biochemical bone markers.
Material and Methods. We examined 168 patients of 268 patients in ADHERO
study. RocheDiagnostics, Elecsys??-CrossLaps and ?-NMID- Osteocalcin were
used to measure beta-crosslaps before the therapy and 3 months after the
therapy had been introduced as well as osteocalcin, which was measured in 12
patients. Results. The value of beta-crosslaps before treatment was
0.5264?0.2926, that being above the upper limit of normal values for women in
generative period, indicating an average of slightly increased bone
resorption. Betacross-laps decreased and reached normal values for women in
generative period 0.2277?0.1863 three months after the introduction of
monthly ibandronat at a dose of 150 mg orally. This difference was highly
statistically significant (t=13.648, p ? 0.0001). In 18 patients osteocalcin
was measured before and three months after the introduction of the therapy.
Osteocalcin was 31.3056?14.8209 before the treatment, which is normal for
women of childbearing period. Osteocalcin decreased to 22.1822?6.9943 after
three months, which is also within the normal range for women in the
childbearing period of life. This difference was statistically significant
(t=2.951, p ? 0.001). Conclusion. Monthly ibandronat suppresses bone
resorption three months after the introduction of therapy. Biochemical bone
markers quickly confirm the effect of medication, and they can be used in the
assessment of effects on bone mineral density and future fracture risk.
Inflammatory process in atherogenesis: New facts about old flame
Authors: Vucevic Danijela , Radak Djordje , Radosavljevic Tatjana , Mladenovic Dusan , Milovanovic Ivan
Published: September 2012

Introduction. Atherosclerosis is a progressive, multifactorial, diffuse,
multisystemic, chronic, inflammatory disease, which is manifested by
disorders of vascular, immune and metabolic system. Pathogenesis of this
disease is not fully understood. Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammatory
Process. Endothelial dysfunction is recognized as the crucial step in
atherogenesis. A lot of studies have confirmed the involvement of various
mediators of inflammation in initial proatherogenic processes, such as the
upregulation of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, binding of low
density lipoproteins to endothelium, activation of macrophages and
proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Fatty stain and Inflammatory
Process. Fatty stain consists of foam cell accumulation. After foam cell
formation, mediators of inflammation initiate a series of intracellular
events that include the induction of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, a vicious
circle of inflammation, modification of lipoproteins and further inflammation
can be maintained in the artery. Transitory Lesion and Inflammatory Process.
In transitory lesion intensive phagocytosis of oxidized low density
lipoproteins additionally activates monocytes and macrophages and
consequently facilitates and exacerbates the inflammatory response. Fibrotic
Plaque and Inflammatory Process. Inflammatory process, matrix-degrading
metalloproteinases activity, platelets aggregation and smooth muscle cells
proliferation play a central role in development of fibrotic plaque. Complex
Lesion and Inflammatory Process. It has been shown that inflammation is
closely related to the development of atherosclerotic plaque rupture.
Conclusion. The contribution of inflammatory process has become increasingly
meaningful in understanding the initiation, progression and clinical
manifestations of atherosclerosis.
Tests of screening criteria for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Olujic Maja , Oros Ana , Bregun-Doronjski Aleksandra , Velisavljev-Filipovic Gordana
Published: September 2012

Introduction. Retinopathy of prematurity is a disease of the eye, i.e. the
retinal blood vessels, which occurs exclusively in premature infants. The
level of blindness in one country depends on the level of development of
neonatal care and the opportunities to implement screening. The aim of this
study was to examine the possibilities of changing screening criteria,
provided that not a single child was left out from the survey. Material and
Methods. A two-year prospective study, which was carried out in the period
from January 1st 2007 to December 31st 2008, included 191 premature infants
who were treated at the Institute for Child and Youth Healthcare of
Vojvodina. Results. Different inclusion criteria regarding body mass and
gestational age were applied for screening retinopathy of prematurity and we
assessed the coverage of the sample if certain screening criteria were
applied. According to the results of the research, when the applied screening
criterion was 37/2000, there was not a single case of a blind, prematurely
born baby. Discussion. Great migrations of population as well as big
differences in characteristics of premature infants together with underlying
multi-factor diseases besides retinopathy of prematurity send a warning
signal to be very cautious. Conclusion. Although this study has given ground
to shift the limits of screening, we will adhere to broad screening criteria.
Sex as suicidal risk factor
Authors: Kocic Sanja , Radovanovic Snezana , Vasiljevic Dragan , Milosavljevic Mirjana , Djordjevic Gordana , Zivanovic Sandra
Published: September 2012

Introduction. The rates of suicide are two to three times higher in men than
in women in all communities. This ?gender paradox? can be explained by
various factors, such as more impulsive nature of men and their choice of
more efficient (more lethal) methods to commit suicide. This study was aimed
at finding the correlation between the gender and other suicidal factors.
Material and Methods. The study sample consisted of persons who committed
suicide on the territory of Kragujevac in the period from 1996 to 2001. This
study was based on the records kept by the Ministry of the Interior as well
as by the Psychiatric Clinic of the Clinical Centre ?Kragujevac?. Data for
weather were obtained from the Serbian Meteorological Institute reports.
Results. During the analyzed period 121 suicides were committed on the
territory of Kragujevac. The gender structure showed that within persons who
committed suicide there were 78.5% men and 21.5% women (p<0.01). As for
diseases which had existed before suicide, women suffered from the underlying
psychic disorder in 65.3%, while 50.5% of men had both a psychic disorder and
addiction problem. Hanging was the most frequently used method by both men
and women (57.9% and 65.4%, respectively); and home was chosen as the place
to commit suicide by 49.5% men and 42.3% women. Both men and women had a
behaviour disorder before suicide, in 75.8% and 88.4% of the cases,
respectively, (p<0.01). The dominating motive was a disease in 17.9% of men,
whereas family problems prevailed in 11.5% of women (p<0.01). Conclusion.
There is a statistically important difference between men and women
considering pre-suicidal behaviour, suicidal motive and suicidal frequency.
Squamous cell carcinoma in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary
Authors: Amidzic Jelena , Djolai Matilda , Mocko-Kacanski Mihaela , Gluhovic Aleksandar , Ilic Jelena , Bozanic Snezana
Published: September 2012

Introduction. Malignant transformation is a rare complication of mature
cystic teratoma, with squamous cell carcinoma as the most common malignancy
(in 75% of cases). In this article we present a case of a well-differentiated
squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma and discuss the
morphological and clinico-pathological features of malignant transformation
in teratoma. Case Report. An 80-year-old woman with symptoms of acute abdomen
underwent left salpingo-oophorectomy. Gross examination showed a cystic mass
measuring 20 cm in diameter, with papillary formation on its internal
surface. Histology revealed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma
arising in mature cystic teratoma. Squamous epithelium surrounding the tumor
was dysplastic. Conclusion. Squamous cell carcinoma in mature cystic teratoma
is a rare pathologic event and in most cases it is an accidental
pathohistological finding.
Examinations of certain chemical characteristics of fermented dry sausage quality parameters
Authors: Vukasinovic Marija , Kurcubic Vladimir , Kaljevic Vesna , Maskovic Pavle , Petrovic Milun
Published: September 2012

On the grounds of data available from literature, we observed a high degree
of variations in the values of numerous physical-chemical quality parameters
of fermented sausages, so that we set as the objective of our investigations
to carry out comprehensive examinations of selected chemical quality
parameters (total protein content, relative protein content of connective
tissue, and humidity in ten different products that belong to the group of
fermented dry sausages). The other objective was to compare the values
obtained in our investigations with the reference values envisaged under the
Regulations on quality and other requirements for meat products (SCG Official
Gazette, No. 33/2004) and to determine the percent of products that are found
incompatible and the reasons for that. We used two standard reference
chemical methods ? the determination of nitrogen and moisture contents (SRPS
ISO 937:1992 and SRPS ISO 1442:1998), as well as a modification of method
M050 for the determination of hydroxyproline content. We can conclude on the
grounds of the results of our investigations that out of the representative
number of examined samples (n = 156), originating from 10 different products
from the group of fermented dry sausages, 51 samples (32.7%) did not meet the
requirements prescribed under the Regulations on quality and other
requirements for meat products. Among the rejected samples, the reason for
the incompatibility of 40 samples (25.6%) was a a higher level of RPCCT, and
18 samples (11.5%) had a higher moisture content than permitted. None of the
total number of examined samples had a content of total proteins lower than
the one prescribed under Regulations.
Seasonal effects on appearance of pyometra in bitches
Authors: Stancic Ivan , Stevancevic Ognjen , Stancic Jelena , Apic Igor
Published: September 2012

Pyometra is one of the most frequent and very grave diseases of the
reproductive system in bitches. It occurs around 30 to 60 days following the
latest oestrus in bitches that are not pregnant. Bitches older than 5 years
have a significantly higher predisposition for this disease than younger
bitches. There are also differences between certain breeds in the age at
which this disease is manifested in a bitch. The objective of this work was
to establish whether the seasons of the year also affect the incidence of
pyometra in bitches in the territory of Vojvodina. The occurrence of pyometra
was examined in a total of 318 bitches over a course of two years and during
the different seasons of the year. It was established that a statistically
significantly higher number of bitches (P,05) fall ill with this disease
during the seasons September-November (31%) and December-February (28%) than
during the seasons March-May (19%) and June-August (22%). The obtained data
can serve to secure better prevention and timely diagnoses of pyometra in
bitches.
Students’ self-efficacy and cognitive assessment of stress in the situation of exam preparation and taking
Authors: Petrovic Vesna , Avramovic Misa
Published: September 2012

The first goal of this research is to explore the relationship between
self-efficacy in exam preparation and taking and the outcomes of cognitive
assessment of stress in an exam situation, whereby the influence of the
variable assessed current stress level is kept under control. The second goal
is to determine whether there are differences and which of them largely
discriminate the students of private and state-owned faculties with respect
to the studied variables. Three instruments were used. The outcomes of
cognitive assessment of stress were measured by the Measure of Cognitive
As?sessment of Stress questionnaire. Self-efficacy in exam preparation and
taking was measured by the Scale of Self-Efficacy in Exam Preparation and
Taking. The as?sessed current level of stress in students was measured by the
Inventory of Students? Recent Life Experiences. The research included 272
students (153 female and 119 male). The most important finding of the
research is that self-efficacy significantly correlates with several outcomes
of cognitive assessment of stress, such as: threats, general controllability,
personal control and stress level. The second important re?search finding is
that students of private faculties largely perceive exam situation as a
challenge, assessing that they have higher personal control and self-efficacy
level in the process of exam preparation and taking.
Does teachers’ education about social competence influence the frequency of pro-social and aggressive behavior in preschool children?
Authors: Glavina Eleonora , Sindik Josko
Published: September 2012

Children?s aggressive behavior is a common problem of specialists who work
in preschool institutions, with proportionally less frequent occurrence of
pro-social behavior. The aim of this action research was to determine whether
additional training of educators in ways and skills of stimulating children?s
social competence can influence reduced the frequency of aggressive and
increased the frequency of pro-social behavior among children of preschool
age. The training included 49 teachers, educators in kindergarten Cakovec,
and comprised lectures, workshops and practical application that lasted for
three months, under the mentorship of a psychologist. Before carrying out the
activities and after the implementation period of three months, educators
used the scale Pros/Ag (N = 466) to evaluate the children. The results
indicate a statistically significant increase in the frequency of pro-social
behavior and decrease in the frequency of aggressive behavior in children of
both genders. However, in the absence of a control group, the reason for
progress in the desired direction may be the maturation and error of
evaluators, and hence the results can be generalized to a limited extent.
Qualitative analysis of gender differences suggests the possibility that
education leads to equalization of boys and girls in pro-social behavior, but
not in aggressive behavior. The number of participants, as well as the
results obtained, suggests interest and need to organize additional training
in this area.
Measures of noncompactness in the study of solutions of nonlinear differential and integral equations
Authors: Banaś Józef
Published: September 2012

The aim of this paper is to make an overview of some existence results for nonlinear differential and integral equations. Those results were obtained by the author and his co-workers during last years with some help of the technique of measures of noncompactness and a fixed point theorem of Darbo type.
Aeroallergen Sensitization Influences Quality of Life and Comorbidities in Patients with Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Dávila Ignacio , Rondón Carmen , Navarro Ana , Antón Encarnación , Colas Carlos , Dordal María Teresa , Ibáñez María Dolores , Fernández-Parra Beatriz , Lluch-Bernal Magdalena , Matheu Víctor , Montoro Javier , Sánchez María Cesárea , Valero Antonio
Published: September 2012

Background

Nasal polyposis (NP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that impairs quality of life (QoL). The role of atopy in NP is not established. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and QoL in a broad sample of patients with NP and to evaluate the influence of allergy on this disease.

Methods

A multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 67 allergy units in Spain. NP and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity were diagnosed following EP3OS guidelines. Rhinitis and asthma were classified following Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma and the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines, respectively. Skin tests with a battery of aeroallergens were performed on all patients. A visual analog scale (VAS) and Short-Form 12 (SF-12) and 31-item Rhinosinusitis Outcome Measure (RSOM 31) questionnaires were completed by all the patients.

Results

Of the 671 patients included, 611 were evaluable. Mean age was 46 years and 50% of patients were men. Also, 50% were atopic. Asthma was present in 66% of patients and NSAID hypersensitivity was present in 26%. The most frequent symptoms were nasal congestion and rhinorrhea. Mean value of VAS was 58.6. Global health and bodily pain were the items most frequently identified in the SF-12 questionnaire and nasal and ocular symptoms in the RSOM-31 questionnaire. There was a good correlation between VAS score and QoL (p < 0.0001). Rhinitis was more severe in nonallergic patients. Asthma was more frequent in atopic patients, whereas ASA triad was more frequent in nonatopic patients. Atopic patients showed higher VAS scores and worse QoL.

Conclusion

Atopic NP patients showed worse QoL, higher incidence of asthma and a less severe form of rhinitis than non-atopic patients.