bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A methodology based on spatial distribution of parameters for understanding affect of rainfall and vegetation density on groundwater recharge
Authors: Singhal Vijai , Goyal Rohit
Published: December 2019

Accurate estimation of groundwater recharge is extremely important for propermanagement of groundwater systems. Attempts have been made by various researchers torelate impact of various parameters on groundwater recharge. In the present study, amethodology based on spatial distribution of parameters has been developed forunderstanding affect of rainfall and vegetation density on groundwater recharge.Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been used as an indicative parameterfor vegetation density. Raster layers of recharge and various parameters were created for thestudy area and simultaneous values for these parameters were retrieved at the cell level.Zonal analysis was then carried out to understand affect of these parameters ongroundwater recharge. It is observed that the value of recharge increases up to a certainvalue of NDVI, beyond which it starts decreasing with further increase in value of NDVI.The study also reveals a linear trend between groundwater recharge and rainfall. The resultof this study does not provide method of calculating recharge by using single parametersuch as rainfall or NDVI, however, it explores affect of variation in these parameters ongroundwater recharges. The study provides a new insight into the complex interrelationshipbetween groundwater recharge and vegetation density.
A Study to ascertain the Optimum Yield from Groundwater Source in the Eastern Part of Kolkata Municipal Corporation Area in West Bengal, India
Authors: Roy Pankaj K. , Banerjee Gourab , Mazumdar Asis , Kar Amlanjyoti , Majumder Arunabha , Roy Malabika Biswas
Published: December 2019

The increasing stress on fresh water resources due to ever-rising demands and profligateuses as well as growing population and industrial establishment of Kolkata is an issue ofgreat concern. The purpose of this study is to make a quantitative estimate of the availablegroundwater resources in the eastern part of Kolkata for efficient utilization andmanagement of groundwater resources. The methodology involved the investigation,drilling, lowering, collection and analysis of main well and observation wells data andgroundwater quality as well. Based upon the study of lithological logs as also the electricallog, the sub-surface deposition of the assembly pipes have been determined. The resultsindicate that the aquifers are composite and composed of sands and overlying silts/claybeds. Long term Tests pumping indicate that the main well may be capable of a long termdischarge rate of 120 m3/hr restricted at 120 m and 156.65 m. The aquifer parametersfrom the study area are estimated from the analysis of short and long durations pumpingtest data. For the alluvial aquifer, transmissivity of 1491 m2/d, hydraulic conductivity of49.7 m/d and storage coefficient of 0.0064 are recommended found by using differentmethods. Long duration pumping tests have indicated that the maximum drawdown inwater table by 4.89 m may be achievable by radius of influence about 682 m. After theclosure of pumping operation, recuperation test was also carried out in the main wells aswell as also from observation wells. Recovery test was monitored for 20 hrs after closureof pumping. Slope of the residual drawdown from t/t’ indicated aquifer transmissivity of1322 m2/d and therefore hydraulic conductivity of the alluvial sand aquifer is 44 m/dhaving an aquifer thickness of 30 m. The physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis ofgroundwater of two pumping wells were tested and the results showed the groundwatermust be disinfected before supplying to the consumers.
Does Gender Equality work for Sustainable Development in Central Africa Countries? Some Empirical Lessons
Authors: Tchouassi Gérard
Published: December 2019

It is commonly argued that Central Africa countries need economic growth andgender equality to ensure economic well-being and improve the living standards ofthe population. This paper, based on the Kuznets curve associated toenvironmental analysis, aims to analyze the relationship between gender equalityand sustainable development. The cross-sectional analysis, with data from 11countries in Central Africa in 2010, was used. Results find a positive correlationbetween gender equality and sustainable development. When the Multidimensionalpoverty index increases, environmental problems reduce, translating the role ofgender in sustainable development in all Central Africa countries.
Development of Civil Society, the UE Policies in Albania
Authors: Pacukaj Sokol
Published: December 2019

The present study analyzes the current state of the civil society in Albania and theeuropean union policies concerning the integration of Albania in UE. Despite the countryin recent years has made significant progress towards achieving some of the requirementsneeded in order to proceed towards European integration, further improvements areneeded in many areas. Among them, the development of civil society is one of the mostcomplex and urgent. Greater participation of civil society organizations in public lifeactually improves the quality of democracy and helps to strengthen public support for EUmembership.
Nigerian Security Forces and the Management of Internal Conflict in the Niger Delta: Challenges of Human Security and Development
Authors: Dode Robert O.
Published: December 2019

The Nigerian Armed Forces personnel have over the years maintained a trackrecord of effective peace keeping campaigns in the world. The role Nigeria playedin especially crises ridden Sierra Leone and Liberia can not be overemphasized.Paradoxically though, this record does not seem to be playing out in their securityand crisis operations in the country. Analysts would quickly make reference toUmuechem, Odi and recently, the military bombardment of Ijaw communities inGbaramatu Kingdom in Warri South West Council of Delta State. Some studieshave shown that at the end of most of those operations, the military stay behind as“armies of occupation”. This paper therefore, raises a number of questions whichinclude: how effective and to whose benefit have measures adopted (like aerialbombardment) in the management of internal crisis by security forces in Nigeriabeen in recent times (1999-2011)? Is it not an indirect call for military interregnum,when democratic regimes authorize the rolling out of war machines by the militaryagainst the civilians? Are the military forces fully trained in surveillance and othernon-combative skills of security maintenance? This study intends to consider anumber of options available for the country to adopt and solve crisis situationswith minimal collateral damage. These options include good governance, genuinenational dialogue, adequate surveillance of the Niger Delta creeks, blocking of thesources of small and light weapons importation and sale of illegally bunkered crudeoil into the international market.
Foreign Direct Investment in Regional Integration: Comparative Attractiveness in the CEMAC and UEMOA Economic Spaces
Authors: Ngongang Elie
Published: December 2019

The competition or complementarity of foreign direct investment (FDI)attractiveness between economically similar regions located in the same continenthas not yet been up to now sufficiently explored in the literature. The purpose ofthis paper is consequently to contribute to this literature by determining whetheror not there exists a long-term relationship between FDI flows in the CEMAC andUEMOA regions of Central and West Africa. This hypothesis is tested in botheconomic spaces using a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model. The study showsthat the FDI flowing in the UEMOA zone directly attracts FDI flows in theCEMAC zone. These inflows improve the business environment in both regions.Overall, the study however finds that the long-term relationship which existsbetween these two regions is inclined to be more competitive rather thancomplementary.
Constraints on Budgeting and Development Plan Implementation in Nigeria: an Overview
Authors: Ojo Emmanuel O.
Published: December 2019

After over five decades of planning and budgeting, no doubt, Nigeria is at acrossroad in terms of infrastructural development. Basic things of life which couldmake life abundant and tolerable are conspicuously lacking. So many reasons havebeen adduced for the stark reality; but the focus of this paper is an in-depthanalysis of the variables which must have hampered the performances of severaldevelopment plans cum annual budgets in achieving development goals. The paperinfers that unless the identified lapses as discussed in this paper are taken care ofthe country may not be able to compete at even keel with her contemporaries vis-à-vis development indices.
About to Lose all the Soil in Zaka’s Ward 5, Zimbabwe: Rewards of Unsustainable Land Use
Authors: Makwara E.C. , Gamira D.
Published: December 2019

Soil erosion which manifests itself in the form of gullies, rills and sheet wash is animmensely complicated process involving the interaction of many biological, social,economic, environmental and political factors. It varies in its occurrence bothspatially and temporally. The ultimate result of soil erosion is that it reduces cropyields and ruins agriculture, though the exact extent of soil erosion and landdegradation is not known.The study was carried out in Masvingo Province, ZakaDistrict, Ward 5 with 4502 households using the questionnaire survey, interviewand field observations as research methods. The study established that populationpressure ( people and livestock), as evidenced by, cultivation of steep slopes,stream bank cultivation, deforestation and overstocking are major problems .Fromthe results, it emerged that people continue to compound the problem by settlingand extending farmlands on steep slopes, stream banks, grazing land and dambos/veils. Therefore, there is need to educate people on conservation, proper tillage,proper or correct stocking rates, develop a proper land tenure system and avoidingland degradation. There are patches of abandoned land on account of failure tosupport crops or grazing. This means that there is need for soil conservationmeasures to be instituted so as to save the soil from further deterioration. This isnot to say nothing has been done before, rather it is the enormity of the problemthat dictates that form and decisive action needs be taken sooner rather than latter.Measures which have been implemented are fragmented and seem to have metwith very limited, if at all any, success so there might be need to revisit both theapproach ,methods, techniques and strategies which have been tried hitherto witha view to blend them with the yet untried and untested methods.
Optimum Parameters for the Formulation of Charcoal Briquettes Using Bagasse and Clay as Binder
Authors: Onchieku J.M. , Chikamai B.N. , Rao M.S.
Published: December 2019

Kenya generates about 1.6 million tones of sugarcane bagasse which has enormouspotential for exploitation in modern commercial applications. Due to rising fossilfuel prices, availability in large quantity and rapidly growing interest in bio-energyas well as technological advances and environmental concerns , bagasse could beutilized for the formulation of charcoal briquettes for household use tosupplement wood charcoal. In this study briquettes were formulated usingcarbonized bagasse, clay as a binder and molasses as a filler. Bagasse was obtainedfrom sugar factories for carbonization. Carbonization was carried out using abrick-built kiln while blending used a manually operated drum mixer. A piston typebriquetting press fitted onto a universal strength testing machine was used for theproduction of briquettes. The most optimum parameters that produced briquetteswhich complied to current charcoal specifications for household use were in theratio of 1:1:40 for molasses, clay and carbonized bagasse respectively at0.50N/mm2 pressure. At this formulation, briquettes were produced whose ashcontent, volatile matter and calorific energy were 36.4%, 27.2% and 4.390 Kca/grespectively. The briquettes produced burnt without sparks and were smokeless,producing no irritating smell. They ignited easily and took relatively long beforethey extinguished. They were recommended for household use in Kenya.
Towards a Conceptual Understanding of Groundwater Ecology
Authors: Nwankwoala H.O
Published: December 2019

In recent times, ecohydrology and hydroecology are making a mark on theenvironmental agenda, as evidenced by the proliferation of these terms in theacademic literature. There is an increasing recognition that groundwater is essentialto many ecological communities. Surface ecological processes (such asevapotranspiration) significantly impact hydrological responses and relatedhydrochemical function. Thus, the relation of groundwater hydrology to patternsand processes in ecology is a ‘two-way street’ where understanding the feedback ofone to the other serves as a powerful lens through which to evaluate and explainthe functioning of natural ecosystems. Influxes of groundwater to lakes, rivers, andwetlands can change whole-system physico-chemical properties such astemperature and salinity, while also providing more subtle influences onmicroenvironments and their ecological processes. The recognition of thesignificance and power of this tandem has not always been followed with effectiveinterdisciplinary science. The ecological, hydrological, and physico-chemical linksbetween groundwater, surface water and associated ecosystems are seldom fullyunderstood even though true characterization and wise management will require amultidisciplinary approach. This means biologists need to understand theimportance of magnitude and timing of groundwater flows for their system, whichrequires the skills of hydrogeologists to achieve. Hydrogeologists, in turn, mustunderstand how and why groundwater influences ecological processes so that theirexpertise is brought to bear at a scale commensurate to the ecological researchquestion. In this paper therefore, an overview of general concepts, research effortsand future perspectives are presented. More importantly, the paper asserts that it isnot simply the integration of hydrology and ecology that will determine the futureprospects for ecohydrology/hydroecology, but the way in which this integrativescience is conducted.
Organizational Business Interest as Organizational Request
Authors: Farahmand Nasser Fegh-hi
Published: December 2019

Making a difference in organization or creating the very best product or service on themarket or simply doing something loves to do. Furthermore, it seems that the emphasis onorganizational empowerment as structure, and systems has not yielded the desired results assome of the companies where these variables have been changed, after sometime, wentback to experiencing declining performance. It is therefore obvious that more researchneeds to be done to identify characteristics that enhance organizational performance.Implementing good environmental and organizational practices is good organizationalbusiness it can give a competitive advantage. This article attempts to explain theorganizational business interest by patterns of thinking. Organizations use organizationalresources as the basic ingredient for all that is required for their operations. They aretherefore eager to maintain and improve the quantity of expendable organizationalresources by not only resources utilization, but by also identifying, nurturing andmaintaining characteristics that promote organizational performance. The key toorganization success is having a organizational business interest in place. Whetherorganization is about to launch a start-up or organization have been in organizationalbusiness for years, organizational business' direction is guided by your organizationalbusiness interest. In spite of this general awareness, such long-term organizational business,strategic-level interest of organizational business has been lacking in most organizations.
Perceptions of Human Resource Management Effectiveness of Ekiti State Teaching Service Commission, Nigeria
Authors: Oyewole Babatope Kolade , Alonge Hezekiah Ogbomida
Published: December 2019

This study investigated how the human resource management functions of EkitiState Teaching Service Commission, Ekiti State, Nigeria had been administered.Some functions such as recruitment, postings and transfers, promotion, manpowertraining and development were examined, with the aim of identifying areas ofproblems that had been plaguing the Commission in the process of administeringthese functions. The research instruments used for the collection of data for thisstudy were questionnaires, one set for the officials of the Commission and theother for teachers and principals. Data analyses indicated that there is nosignificant difference among Commission officials, principals/teachers in theirperceptions of the general effectiveness of the Commission in carrying out itsfunctions. Based on the findings, it was concluded that close control of theCommission by the government affected effective performance of theCommission in some areas of their functions. Recommendations were made with aview to improve on the efficiency and effective performance of its employees.
General Environment Of World
Authors: Viquaruddin Mohammed
Published: December 2019

This paper is an attempt regarding the general social/economical/ecological/political and more environments of world certainly with multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary approach. It is discussed that the problems of fore further can besolved through facts/reasoning/science/environment/social sciences etc. As beinga student of political science even peace science a try that can come into existenceor can be practiced only through many dimensions. The philosophy is developedto resist with whatever means we have in hand and are willing to fight for a betterscenario which would be something out of our reach! But can achieve through apositive and plural system not certainly perfect but different in its approach.Achievement to the threats and problems to the liberal vision are pervasive and thesystem is in much greater problematic that is commonly supposed. Protecting/Preserving/ Commanding it in the coming century and beyond will be easier saidthan done! We do not foresee the renaissance of any type we should be sure aboutthat alternative World Multidimensional System (WMS) could reasonably competewith the present multidimensional system on theoretical or practical grounds. It isnot enough that this system display substantial practical advantages and genuinetheoretical coherence. No one can deny that world get profit from present system.
Evaluation of drought tolerance in corn (Zea mays L.) new hybrids with using stress tolerance indices
Authors: Moradi H. , Akbari G A. , Khorasani S. Khavari , Ramshini H A.
Published: December 2019

In order to study the effect of drought stress on morphophysiologic characteristics,yield and yield components of 8 new hybrids of corn (Zea maize L.) and KSC704commercial hybrid as control resistant to drought and warm (which were bred andscreened in Khozestan province condition), an experiment was conducted in aRandomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications underdrought stress and normal irrigation at Khorasan-Razavi Agriculture ResearchCenter, Mashhad, Iran on June 10, 2011. The results of analyze variance showedthat under normal irrigation and drought condition, there was a significantdifference (p<0.01) between the hybrids. Mean comparison of hybrids revealedthat in normal irrigation H6 and in drought stress H8 hybrid had the maximumgrain yield (12.85 and 6.75 ton/ha, respectively). Based on the grain yields ofstudied hybrids, stress tolerance index (STI), stress susceptibility index (SSI),tolerance index (TOI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity(GMP), harmonic mean (HM) and golden mean (GM) were estimated. Resultsshowed that among drought tolerance indices, MP, GMP, STI and HM were thebest indices for corn and KSC704 hybrid and H4 had the highest tolerance todrought in Mashhad weather condition.
A Study on Urban Furniture: Nicosia Old City
Authors: Bolkaner Mine Kuset , İnançoğlu Selda , Asilsoy Buket
Published: December 2019

Urban furniture can be defined as aesthetics and comfort elements that reflect the identity of a city and enable the urban space to become livable. Urban furniture is an important element of the city in order to improve the quality of urban life, to create a comfortable and reliable environment and to meet the needs of the users in the best way. For designing these elements, the social, economic, cultural and architectural structure of the city should be considered and evaluated. It is important to adapt the urban furniture to the urban texture and to the cultural structure achieving an urban identity, in order to ensure the survival and sustainability of the historical environments. In this study, a study was carried out in the context of urban furniture in Nicosia Walled City, which has many architectural cultures with its historical texture. In this context, firstly the concept of urban identity and urban furniture was explained and then, information about urban furniture was given in historical circles with urban furniture samples from different countries. As a field study, a main axis was determined and the streets and squares on this axis were discussed. These areas have been explored starting from Kyrenia Gate in North Nicosia; İnönü Square, Girne Street, Atatürk Square, Arasta Square, Lokmacı Barricade and on the south side Ledra Street and Eleftherias Square. In this context, the existing furniture in the North and South were determined and evaluated in terms of urban identity accordingly. As a result, it can be suggested that the existing street furniture equipments, especially on the north side, do not have any characteristic to emphasize the urban identity. According to the findings, it was determined that the urban furniture in the streets and squares on the north side is generally older and neglected, and does not provide a unity with the environment, whereas on the south side, these elements on the street and square are relatively new, functional and environmentally compatible.Key words: urban furniture, historical environment, urban identity, Nicosia Old City
Empirical Analysis of Financial and Non-Financial Risks of the Commercial Bank
Authors: Tsintsadze Asie , Glonti Vladimer , Oniani Lela , Ghoghoberidze Tamar
Published: December 2019

Background: Activities of commercial banks are connected with numerous risks, the source of which is the internal and external processes of the bank. Objectives: Risk management science has been studying the origins of the risks, determining their impact quality and avoiding expected loss models from the 1950s. Method/Approach: Credit risk regressive analysis is based on the selection of effective factors, determination of their influence and prediction of future according to the correlation coefficient. Results/Findings: In the article, it is discussed the regressive analysis of operational risk. Conclusion: The effect of credit and operational risks on the financial results of the Bank is based on the results obtained and recommendations have been developed to increase risk management efficiency. Keywords: credit risk, operational risk, regressive analysis, risk management, forecasting.
Il Concetto della Giustizia Secondo l'Alligatore di Massimo Carlotto
Authors: Mohamed Lamiaa Aly Mosselhy
Published: December 2019

Through the hard-boiled work of Massimo Carlotto, the research verifies the concept of justice according to his protagonist, the Alligator, an ex-musician, ex-convict and a new private detective. This character discovers a conspiracy well managed years ago in order to save the real guilty person, Mugwump’s son, from a murder and send to prison another one instead of him. This new fact (motivates/ urges/ forces) to him decide to declare the (victim’s/ imprisoned man’s) innocence and restore his dignity back to him. The power of  a corrupted lobby and his past as an ex-prisoner prevent him to present evidence, not always collected by legal  means, to justice, so he decides to achieve justice by his own and innovative tools in addition to using his own distinguished skills. In the introduction, I elaborated the reasons of choosing a modern writer like Carlotto. The first chapter is dedicated to the characteristics of this gender of mystery work and I provided examples through the writer’s work. In the second chapter, I underlined the skills and the modality which reflect the concept of justice adopted by the writer. Finally in the third chapter, I discussed about Carlotto’s style. Keywords.Carlotto; Alligatore; giustizia; stampa;  hard boiled; delitti.
Sustainable Development & Good Governance
Authors: Ramzy Omar , El Bedawy Randa , Anwar Mohamed , Eldahan Omar H.
Published: December 2019

The paper explores two concepts that are gaining prominence around the world: Sustainable Development (SD) and Good Governance.  The paper provides a literature review on both of the two concepts and their histories.  The two are then related to each other in order to explore the interrelation and integration between the two concepts.  It is determined that achieving SD requires Good governance, and achieving Good Governance requires SD. This is studied using Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development as a case study in which a sample of 100 (n = 100) from both administrative and academic staff members, responded to a questionnaire on the topics of SD and Good Governance.  The results showed a strong relationship between the various concepts and variables of Good Governance measured and between the applications of SD concepts. The significance of the study is that, while there is a significant research and study on the topics of SD and Good Governance, little focus has been placed on the intersection between these two critical fields. Furthermore, this study provides empirical evidence for the connect as well as the implications Good Governance has on the success of the institutionalization of SD. Keywords: Sustainable Development; Good Governance; Corporate Governance; Millennium Development Goals MDGs
Risk Analysis in Professional Terms and Insurance Tariff Algorithm
Authors: Tsintsadze Asie , Gogoberidze Tamar
Published: December 2019

Modern society has to live and have activities with risks daily. Consequently, the probability of adverse events is high. In the article, the objective of the research is the risks of professional liability, which, in contrast to other risks, damage the third person. In this kind of insurance, it is difficult to define the amount of damage, the amount of compensation. Therefore, Based on historical facts, an algorithm is designed to determine the professional liability insurance tariff, taking into account the principles of tariff policy and working out the professional rating scale. Keywords: professional  Risk,   Level of professionalism,  Risk of insurance, Net rate, Insurance tariff,  risk added
Interaction between Organic Production and Genetically Modified Organisms: European Regulatory Framework and Positions to Unification of National Legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Piddubnyi Oleksii , Piddubna Daria , Obiiukh Nataliya
Published: December 2019

The determined global direction towards the development of organic farming has come to gain its support in each country. Ukraine is no exception here as the country which has chosen for itself the course on European integration and therefore it has taken on certain responsibilities. Among these issues it is possible to determine the ways to harmonization of national legislation. That process should be taken through careful study of European legal regulation as well as the practice in its application and the current positive or negative aspects, gaps, etc. Such a systematic approach will provide the opportunity to develop new laws to ammend the current legal acts that will maximally regulate the relevant social relations. The reason for the chosen direction of scientific research is that it is often dificult, and sometimes impossible, to combine organic production and activities with the use of genetically modified organisms. The research paper focuses on detailed characteristic of European legislation in the sphere of genetically modified organisms and analysing the general EU legal acts in the sphere of organic production. There are established the present provitions of national legislation and it is determined the structure of actions in order to support the development and spreading of organic farming in Ukraine. Keywords: organic production, organic farming, genetically modified organisms, unification, national legislation, European legal framework, scietific doctrine
Assessment of the Efficiency of Resource Potential Employment by the Communities of lviv Region of Ukraine
Authors: Yatsiv Ihor , Khirivskyi Roman , Pasichnyk Tymofii , Petryshyn Liudmyla , Kucher Lesia
Published: December 2019

The article supplies assessment of the efficiency of resource potential employment by some communities in Lviv region. The work studies the main sources of the resources of amalgamated territorial communities and makes grouping of them according to the criteria of their essence and importance in the strategy of development of the community’s resource potential. The research analyzes financial capability of the communities, considers the recent results, obtained by Ukrainian scientists concerning the resource potential of amalgamated territorial communities. The authors of the work applied the methods of standard coefficients to transfer the indices of quantity into quality analogues. The indices were used to make rating of amalgamated territorial communities, to depict different factorial and resultant aspects of the resource potential of amalgamated territorial communities and assess them. Applyng the method of standard coefficients and matrix of the Boston Consulting Group, the work determines position of each community referring to density of population and resource of the capacity for work of amalgamated territorial communities. It also calculates rating indices for comparison of public formations in social sphere, and estimates expenditures for administrative personnel of each community. The proposed methods enable keeping track with not only dynamics of the rating assessment of communities, but also priority of the factorial indices concerning improvement and development of the communities. Those methods can be used not just referring to rural, but also to urban formations, based on a uniform measuring for all peculiarities. It helps to move from subjectivism and inconvenient use of expert assessments and weighting coefficients while completing the uniform integrated indices.  Keywords: territorial community; social development; resource support; administrative and territorial reform; method of standard coefficients; matrix of the Boston Consulting Group.
Public Perception about Social Work Profession
Authors: Osmanaga Fatbardha
Published: December 2019

The perception of social work profession is very important, because there are people that are beneficiaries of social services. So, if we have positive perceptions, will have a strong relationship between social workers and people and the quality of services will be better.We have a quantitative study. The main purpose of the paper is to know the public information and perception about the social work profession. The research questions of the paper are:1.What is the information of Shkodra citizens regarding the social work profession?2.What is the perceptionof Shkodra citizens about the social work profession?3.What is the opinion of Shkodra citizens regarding the areas of social work?4.What is the opinion of Shkodra citizens regarding the roles of the social worker?The population of the study is composed of residents of the city of Shkodra. The sampling consists of people who have reached the age of 18. It is sed the survey method. A questionnaire composed of four parts is used. The first part includes the demographic data of the participants, the second part includes data about the information of participants for social work profession, the third part includes data related to the perception that they have regarding social work profession and the fourth part includes data about the opinion of the participants for the fields and roles of the social workers.The syrvey was created on the basis of different sources. There are given the coclusions and the appropriate suggestions. Keywords: Shkodra city, social work, public perception.
Thailand’s Sufficiency Economy Philosophy as an Alternative Path to Sustainable Development
Authors: Jitsuchon Somchai
Published: December 2019

The recent history of economic and social development has shown that while contemporary development models succeed in increasing the wealth and wellbeing of mankind around the world, they also suffer from a number of shortcomings: they emphasize too much on financial success (like GDP) at the expense of other important dimensions of development, they bring in occasional but more frequent crises of various sort, they entail numerous social, such as disparity, and environmental illnesses. In short, the current development models are not sustainable. While Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is an attempt to achieve sustainable development by setting up goals that would steer the development in right direction, it lacks description of how those goals should be achieved. Rather, SDGs recognize that countries may have their own ways to achieve the goals. In this paper, we argue that Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP), invented by the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand, offers an alternative path to sustainable development. Key differences of SEP from other development models are that (a) it is a more holistic way of development, with physical and spiritual betterment simultaneously being sought, (b) it regards development as a multi-dimensional endeavor from the outset and, (c) it recognizes the role of communities and voluntary participation in development as important components on the path to sustainable development. We use a simple model that links SEP to sustainable development outcomes and test it with a newly-constructed system of indicators that captures SEP principles held by Thai people and a number of ultimate development outcomes. Our results find positive contributions of SEP to sustainable development outcomes. The indicators can thus be used to monitor both SEP and sustainable development. Keywords: Path to sustainable development, Development Indicators, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, Sufficiency, economy philosophy
The Effect of Capital Adequacy on Returns of Assets of Commercial Banks in Kosovo
Authors: Shabani Halit , Morina Fisnik , Misiri Valdrin
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of capital adequacy on the return of assets to the banking sector in Kosovo. The capital adequacy ratio measures the ability of a financial institution to meet its liabilities by comparing its capital with its assets. As the banking system is one of the strongest points of our country's economy, it is understood that the capital adequacy ratio is used by banks to determine the adequacy of their capital holdings while taking their risk exposures into account.This study will provide empirical evidence of the relationship between capital adequacy and return on commercial bank assets in Kosovo during 2008-2017. It will be using secondary data obtained from audited reports of domestic banks and reports from the Central Bank of Kosovo. To measure the empirical results during this research, these econometric methods have been used: the linear regression model, the model of the fixed effects, and the random model and the GMM model. Based on the results we can conclude that capital adequacy has a positive impact on asset returns and has a significant relationship. In addition, other factors have had a positive and negative impact on the return of commercial banks' assets in Kosovo. Keywords: capital adequacy, return on assets, loans, deposits, interest rates.JEL Classification: G21, G31, G32
The Effects of the Insurance Market in the Development of Western Balkans Countries, with Special Emphasis on Kosovo
Authors: Kukaj Halil , Morina Fisnik , Misiri Valdrin
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this research is to see whether the insurance influences the economic development of Western Balkan countries. Currently, insurance comprises an economic sector that includes all activities of conception, production and trading of this type of service that is of public interest but generally carried out by private law entities. For the specification of the econometric model in this research, we are based on the secondary data published in the official reports of the World Bank, the Central Bank, and the statistical agencies of some countries. To measure empirical results, there are used these statistical tests: fixed effects model, Hausman Taylor Regression, generalized method of the moment (GMM), and GLS regression. Based on the empirical results, we can conclude that life insurance and non-life insurance have a significant connection and positively impact the economic growth of these countries. Other variables that have shown a positive result in economic growth are: GDP per capita, Exports, whereas variables that negatively impact on economic growth are inflation and government spending.The empirical results of this document may recommend that relevant institutions implement institutional improvements that contribute to strengthening competition, advancing risk management techniques, and so on. In conclusion, we can say that future researches can be done as events, life insurance or non-life insurance impact on economic growth in Kosovo and in the countries of the region. The study is carried out with secondary data, and all empirical analyses are original. Through the results of this study we intend to offer more empirical evidence for our country and countries in the region recommending that relevant institutions improve the functioning of the financial sector and especially the insurances part because it is the factor that affects the economic growth. Key words: Economic growth, life insurance, non-life insurance, Kosovo.JEL Classification: C23, E31, G22, O11
Role of International Organizations in Promoting Sustainable Development in Conflict-Affected Regions: Case of Luhansk Region in Ukraine
Authors: Semenenko Inna , Halhash Ruslan , Ivchenko Yevhen
Published: December 2019

The article examines the role of international organizations in promoting sustainable development and achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) in conflict-affected regions by providing the case of Luhansk region, which since 2014 has lost a significant part of its territory, substantial industrial potential and has got numerous political, social and economic problems due to the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. The international research has already given successful experience of role of international organizations in promoting sustainable development of various problem territories. Investigation of case of Luhansk region is structured around the analysis of presence of internation­al organization in Ukraine as a whole and in Luhansk region as a conflict-affected area, and their activities. Such analysis allowed to distinguish the main directions of international organizations' activities and identify the key sustainable development aspects and SDGs, the achievement of which is possible due to these activities. Even the cursory comparison of the budgets of the region and international organizations made it obvious that the local authorities are incapable of solving the emerged problems and achieving the SDGs in conflict-affected areas without assistance of international community. Keywords: conflict-affected region, sustainable development, international organizations, promoting, sustainable development goals
Ecological Efficiency” as a Value Criterion of the Sustainable Development Strategy
Authors: Gunzenova Karina
Published: December 2019

The current legal frameworks of the Russian Federation, which intermediate socio-natural relations, may contradict the course set towards sustainable development due to their dependence on the formerly dominant technocratic view of the world leading to various systemic destructions. Not always do the quantitative indicators contribute to finding the best way of environmental-economic development. In this connection, the issue of a high-quality assessment of the effectiveness of strategies, plans, and other regulatory and legal documents in achieving sustainable development goals is analyzed. This paper considers the “ecological efficiency” assessment of the legislation as a value criterion measuring the relevance of the planning and strategic documents to the essence of sustainable development. The paper aims to expose the essence of the “ecological efficiency” concept and its role in the harmonization mechanism for socio-natural relationships. The dialectical method, which determines interconnections between the values existing earlier and the character of socio-natural development on the one hand, and the emerging environmental ethics-based comprehensive worldview and sustainable development on the other, was used as the primary research instrument. Research results showed the existing potential for the use of “ecological efficiency” as a value criterion to assess the relevance of state plans and strategies to the declared sustainable development goals. “Ecological efficiency” helps to resolve the current contradictions in social development management thus contributing to the formation of the sustainable development legislation relevant to the level of public consciousness and behavior. Keywords: ecological efficiency, strategic development, sustainable development legislation, sociocultural development factor.
Scientific Basis of the Strategy of Holistic Sustainable Development of an Individual, Nation, Civilization
Authors: Suvorov Nikolay , Suvorova Irina
Published: December 2019

The twentieth century was full of many crises and crisis events in various areas of people's lives. There were crises in science, in particular, physics. There were inter-ethnic, economic, political, financial, social crises, which entailed wars and revolutions. Politicians, sociologists explain, for various reasons and factors, the abundance of crises of the 20th century. But in essence, all crises were the result of the most important crisis of the spiritual, mental and moral crisis, the crisis of consciousness, the soul of an individual.The modern era is characterized by an ecological crisis, a crisis of culture, a crisis of generations of people, a crisis of upbringing, and many, many other crises. At present, all the crises brought mankind to the brink of nuclear and environmental catastrophes.The essence, causes of the emergence of a spiritual crisis, as well as ways out of it to form the scientific foundations of the strategy of holistic sustainable development of an individual, nation, and civilization are considered. Key words: harmony-peace, harmony-love, innovative, cardinal transformation, metamorphosis.
Financial Integration and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from the Republic of Georgia
Authors: Phutkaradze Zaur , Tsintsadze Asie , Phutkaradze Beka
Published: December 2019

Despite the vast amount of research studies, there is no clear and unambiguous opinion among economists on how the international financial integration (IFI) affects economic growth. This paper attempts to investigate the relationship between financial integration and economic growth in the Republic of Georgia. The study employs a log-linear equation for economic growth and covers the time-series data over the period of 1995–2016. OLS estimations do not provide statistically significant evidence for IFI-growth relationship. However, although the significance of this linkage is not apparent, it is important to highlight the main tendency – financial integration plays a positive role when the country has a relatively stable currency and negative role during the period of significant currency fluctuations. Outcomes of the study are consistent with our theory and support prior researches in this area.Keywords: Financial integration; economic growth; empirical model
Physical Changes in World Heritage Sites under the Pressure of Tourism: The Case of Cumalıkızık Village in Bursa
Authors: Bilgin Elif Acar , Arslan Tülin Vural , Durak Selen
Published: December 2019

Bursa, the first capital city of Ottoman Empire, was inscribed into UNESCO World Heritage List in 2014 with Khans Area, Sultan Complexes (Kulliyes) and Cumalıkızık village representing the relationship between urban and rural areas of Early Ottoman Period. Cumalıkızık Village is one of the most popular rural settlements in Bursa which maintains its urban fabric, road pattern, and traditional houses. Under the pressure of increasing tourism, traditional houses began to be used for commercial purposes with the interventions made by their owners which threatens the sustainability and preservation of their authenticity and integrity. This paper aims to determine the interventions in historic dwellings and courtyards due to tourism. For this purpose, three historic houses on the most visited sightseeing route starting from the village square, continuing along the nodes of the settlement following the mosque and the hammam (public bath) to examine the physical changes under the effect of tourism. Keywords: cultural tourism; rural heritage; world heritage sites; Cumalıkızık; Bursa
Environmental Liability in Ukraine and the EU
Authors: Ladychenko Viktor , Yara Olena , Uliutina Olena , Golovko Liudmyla
Published: December 2019

This scholarly work examines the environmental protection legislation of Ukraine and its application in practice, aiming to identify the main challenges it faces in the context of the required harmonization of Ukrainian environmental legislation with EU law according to the Association Agreement, while also making suggestions on how to better respond to these issues. This paper also refers to the experience of EU member states in the field of environmental liability. Legal nature, content and meaning of the criminal liability of legal persons in the environmental sphere according to the law of EU member states were studied in order to determine the appropriateness and mechanism of implementation of such responsibility in Ukraine. Arguments for establishment of criminal liability of legal persons were presented. Keywords: Environmental policy, environmental crime, environmental responsibility, adaptation of Ukrainian environmental legislation to EU standards.
Diversification of Capabilities of Economies in the Field of Talent Management. Poland Against the Background of the European Union
Authors: Sipa Monika
Published: December 2019

Among the dilemmas of contemporary enterprises, regions and economies, there is a growing shortage of talent. The demand of the economies and enterprises for specific skills, competences and knowledge that shape their innovativeness and competitiveness is related to the responsible and sustainability human capital management. Attracting and optimizing human capital, which contributes to increasing productivity and prosperity of economies, requires appropriate potential that is built by thought-out and long-term activities within their policies. Therefore, the main objective of the study was to identify changes within the potential of the Polish economy in the context of talent management and to identify areas in which the largest differences are visible in relation to the average of the European Union. The assumptions and data from the Global Talent Competitiveness Index (GTCI) and the European Innovation Scoreboard (EC) were used in the research. The data from the years 2013-2018 were analyzed, with particular focus on skills, on the medium and high level (the output sub-index): Vocational and Technical Skills and Global Knowledge Skills. Key words: EU countries, GTCI, talent management, sustainable development, human capital.