bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cancer Stem Cell Biomarkers: Critical Roles, Challenges, Clinical Application, and Perspectives in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Bahrami Salehloo Elham , Mozdoori Najme , Dehghan Esmatabadi Mohammad Javad , Hajigholami Samira , Bozorgmehr Ali
Published: December 2022

Progress in cancer stem cells (CSCs) has opened up a new window to develop better cancer treatment methods. Several preclinical and clinical trial studies use CSCs targeting via surface markers method and inhibiting stem cell pathway to eradicate cancer. Investigations disclose that CSCs are more resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy than non-CSCs. If CSCs are destroyed with treatment, cancer cells will be deleted. This feature is mainly related to their surface biomarkers and thus, detection and Isolation of CSCs are so critical. This study introduced the most important cell surface markers of CSCs such as CD133, CD44, CD24, and CD90 and evaluated these biomarkers. Today, more than 60 ongoing trials have been evaluated, few of which are used in clinical trials to determine if a new drug is effective. Then, we discuss the challenges of several therapies.
Cross Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Short Version of Smart Phone Addiction Scale in the Persian Language
Authors: Mokhtarinia Hamid Reza , Khodaie Ardakani Mohammad Reza , Ebadi Abbas , Philip Gabel Charles
Published: December 2022

Objective: The addiction pattern of smartphone usage has increased concerns about potential complications. The Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), a self-administered questionnaire, evaluates smartphone usage and dependency. The study’s purpose was to translate and culturally adapt the SAS short-version into the Persian language (SAS-SV-Pr), and evaluate its psychometric properties.
Method: The SAS-SV translation used standardized procedures that involved double-forward and backward translations. A convenience sample, from three medical universities in the city of Teheran (n = 250 students), was recruited to complete the SAS-SV and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). The content validity index (CVI) and the floor and ceiling effect were considered to evaluate content validity. To evaluate internal consistency and test-retest reliability, Cronbach’s Alpha and the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC2.1) were utilized respectively. Criterion validity was measured by calculating Pearson’s correlation coefficient for the total scores of SAS-SV-Pr and IAT (Pearson’s r correlation coefficient). Construct validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and ratified with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
Results: During translation and cultural adaptation, only minor wording changes were performed. The correlation between the SAS-SV-Pr and IAT was good (r = 0.57), which determined validity. There was high internal consistency (α = 0.88), split-half reliability (0.84), composite reliability (CR) (0.78) and test-retest reliability (ICC (2.1) = 0.89). Subsequent EFA demonstrated an ambiguous factor structure, being border-line between one- and two-factors, which explained 50.28% of total variance. The CFA confirmed that the two-factor solution was preferred. Our data did not show floor or ceiling effects.
Conclusion: The Persian SAS-SV is a two-factor structure outcome measure to evaluate the dependency of smartphone users. It has demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties for validity, reliability and factor structure, and is suitable for screening and research aims among Persian subjects.
Important Systemic Factors for Improving Adolescent Mental Health Literacy
Authors: Shahraki-Mohammadi Azita , Panahi Sirous , Ashouri Ahmad , Sayarifard Azadeh
Published: December 2022

Objective: Mental health literacy is especially important during adolescence and youth, because the peak of the onset of mental disorders occurs in this period. The present study aimed to identify the effective systemic factors for improving Iranian adolescent mental health literacy from the Perspective of policymakers and experts.
Method: This qualitative study was performed on 21 policymakers and health literacy/mental health experts since May 2020 to September 2020 in the workplace of the interviewees in Tehran. Purposive sampling (snowball method) was conducted based on experience, expertise, and the willingness to participate in an interview. All interviews were conducted with the presence of the interviewer at the interviewees' workplace in Tehran. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed via the conventional content analysis method.
Results: Five themes were extracted as systemic factors for improving adolescent mental health literacy. Themes were “mental health literacy training”, “integration and coordination of stakeholder organizations”, “resources and facilities”, “continuous assessment” and “provision of information.”
Conclusion: Before policy-making and planning to enhance adolescents' knowledge and awareness of mental health issues, it is necessary to attract policymakers’ attention to the macro level and identify direct and indirect strategies for the correct implementation of policies adopted in this field.
Electroencephalography (EEG) Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Index as an Indicator of Children’s Emotions in the Three Quran Learning Methods: Visual, Auditory, and Memory
Authors: Syaifulloh Muhammad Khafid , Hanafi Muchtar , Ardyanto Tonang Dwi , Wiyono Nanang , Budianto Pepi , Jumiatmoko Jumiatmoko
Published: December 2022

Objective: Quran memorization is familiar in Indonesia since early childhood (EC) education level and it is reported to have a positive effect on children’s emotional state. This study investigates how Quran memorization influences children’s emotions in a certain condition using Frontal Alpha Asymmetry (FAA) index.
Method: The participants were 4 children aged 5-7 years, studying at Islamic-based schools in Surakarta. The tasks included three methods of Quran learning: visual, by watching videos; auditory, by listening to murattal recitations of the Quran; and memory, by repeating rote. The FAA index measurement used absolute power data obtained from Electroencephalography (EEG) by calculating the natural logarithm (ln [right alpha power] – ln [left alpha power]) from channel F8 and channel F7 respectively.
Results: The majority of participants showed a positive FAA index in almost all tasks. The FAA index of various tasks were not significantly different from each other, with P = 0.592 based on Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test. The post hoc Mann-Whitney U test does not find any intervention that stands out among the others.
Conclusion: Learning the Quran with methods that involve visual, auditory, and memory activities results in positive, happy, motivated and excited feelings in children’s emotional state based on the FAA index assessment.
Spatio-Temporal analysis of sensor based air pollutants in Raipur city, India
Authors: Lambey Vinit , Prasad A. D.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Particulate matter pollutants and gaseous pollutants are some of the most hazardous pollutants released into the atmosphere. In order to determine how these pollutants impact the living being at breathing height, the current study measures these pollutants using wireless sensors at a height of 1 m above the ground.
Materials and methods: In this study, horizontal monitoring of the air pollutants using wireless sensors at twenty-four locations covering four zones including industrial, residential, public-place and transportation of the Raipur city has been evaluated. Spatial variation has been obtained using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method in Geographic Information System (GIS).
Results: The obtained results indicate that as compared to the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, the concentrations of air pollutants are highest in the winter. It was observed that Particulate Matters (PM2.5 and PM10) are the main causes of declining air quality, but Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and Sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations were below Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) guidelines except for NO2 in winter. The Carbon monoxide (CO) concentration has been above the standard limit in all three seasons. The main finding of this study is to evaluate how air contaminants vary in space and time near the ground surface which is not possible through the static monitoring instruments in the study area.
Conclusion: The primary benefit of the obtained results is their great resolution in a compact area, effectively addressing the air quality issue. The findings suggest that seasonality has a substantial impact on the amount of pollutants in the city. According to the temporal distributions of the air pollutants, monsoon had the best air quality, followed by post-monsoon while the winter season has the highest concentration of pollution.
Urinary levels of amorphous urate crystals as a biological marker for occupational exposure to crystalline free silica
Authors: Poormohammadi Ali , Ayubi Erfan , Barati Nastaran , Motavallihaghi Seyedmousa , Mir Moeini Effat Sadat , Mehri Fereshteh
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Due to the obvious adverse effects of exposure to free crystalline silica and the high exposure level in silica-related occupations, the present study aimed at the investigation of renal symptoms in cement factory workers.
Materials and methods: For this reason, 128 workers who were working cement factory with a determined occupational exposure to crystalline-free silica were selected as the case group, and 143 workers who were working in the Hamedan Province Rural Water and Wastewater company without being exposed to crystalline free silica were selected as controls. Various kidney- related parameters were evaluated and compared between the selected case and control groups.
Results: The results of urine analysis between cases and control showed that there was a statistical difference between the cases and controls regarding Red Blood Cell (RBC), epithelial count, and bacteria (p<0.05). Moreover, the percentage of amorphous urate crystals of the exposed workers (cases) and control were 80.7% and 38.3%, respectively (p<0.001). The results of adjusted results showed that the odd presence of amorphous urate crystals among cases was 7.65 times of the control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our findings clearly showed that the level of urinary levels of amorphous urate crystals in silica-exposed individuals is higher than that of non-exposed individuals. Therefore, the presence of urinary amorphous urate crystals in exposed workers may be used as a cheap, non-invasive, and efficient method and urine biological maker for detecting silica exposure in silica-related industries.
Variations in black carbon and particulate matters (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10) during firecrackers bursting episodes and biomass burning: A case study during the Diwali festival
Authors: Singh Pipal Atar , Pratap Singh Shailendra , Tripathi Tulika , Taneja Ajay
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The Black Carbon (BC) and Particulate Matters (PMs) was measured in the Diwali festival during 3-7 November, 2021. Diwali is being one of the main festivals of India accompanied by lighting and firecrackers bursting.
Materials and methods: BC concentration was measured by aerosol black carbon low-cost sensor/detector and PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentration as well as number concentration was measured using Grimm Aerosol Spectrometer at Agra, India.
Results: Average mass of PM1 (<1 μm), PM2.5 ( <2.5 μm) and PM10 ( <10 μm) were 218.32±56.82 μg/m3, 261.56±74.38 μg/m3 and 380.40±67.78 μg/ m3 respectively in Diwali day (2021). The observed concentration of PM was much higher than National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and World Health Organization (WHO) standard limits. Diurnal peaks for all the pollutants (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10) were perceived in the evening time which was due to festival celebration events. Particle Size number Distribution (PSND) showed one major peak in the particle <1 μm size range. BC mass concentration was found to be 16.28±5.62 μg/m3 in Diwali days. BC/PMs ratio decreases as the PM size increases due to the heavy load of PM2.5.
Conclusion: BC and PM concentration was significantly amplified on Diwali due to firecrackers bursting and candles and biomass burning which was responsible for the poor air quality. Particle Mass Size Distribution (PSMD) showed multiple peaks while PSND showed one major peak in fine mode. Higher PM1/PM2.5 indicated the abundance of fine particles as compared to coarse. BC concentration was increased by 20 % on Diwali day due to firecracker bursting, other burning materials and more vehicles movement.
Investigating the mechanism of dust transferring from Iraq to the north of Alborz mountains in Iran
Authors: Karami Sara , Ghassabi Zahra , Rezazadeh Parviz
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Recently, due to climate change, the number and intensity of dust sources are increasing, which leads to the occurrence of dust storms. Atmospheric patterns governing the region, topography and surface features are effective on transportation and dispersion of dust particles.
Materials and methods: In this study, a severe dust phenomenon on the 3th and 4th March, 2022, was investigated. The dust was emitted from the east of Iraq and passed through the Zagros and Alborz mountain ranges toward the Caspian sea. Meteorological data of the country, satellite data, ERA5 reanalysis data and HYSPLIT and output from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) were used.
Results: Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) anomaly compared to the long-term indicated that the intense transport of dust particles from eastern Iraq and reaching the Caspian Sea is not a common phenomenon. Synoptic analysis showed that the dust particles in the source area ascended to the mid-levels of the atmosphere and a large part of the particles passed through the Zagros Mountains. Then, the dust entered the Caspian Sea by passing through the Manjil valley. The vertical profile of WRF-Chem model output showed the ascent of dust particles up to 600 hPa near the dust source and its passage over mountainous areas.
Conclusion: The main factors in the formation of this unusual dust phenomenon are: severe two-year drought in the Middle East, reduction of vegetation and cold front of the dynamic low-pressure located in the east of the Black Sea, east of Turkey and northern Iraq moving eastward to the Caspian sea in the following hours.
Investigation of vertical distribution of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) concentration at the respiratory heights of children and adults
Authors: Ghafoori Zeinab Sadat , Nadafi Kazem , Hassanvand Mohammad Sadegh , Younesian Masoud
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental risks to human health. The particulate matter tend to be carcinogenic for humans and can pose a greater hazard to children due to their immaturity and lack of development of the immune system. The current study is aimed to investigate the difference in the concentration of Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in the ambient air in the breathing height of children and adults.
Materials and methods: Particulate matter were measured cross-sectionally in sidewalks, streets, alleys, squares, and parks of Tehran simultaneously at two heights of 160 cm and 70 cm from the ground. As well as, other variables such as vegetation, buildings and meteorological data were also measured in each location.
Results: There was a difference between the concentration of PM2.5 at the breathing height of children, with the average concentration of 52.0 μg/ m3, and the concentration of PM2.5 at the breathing height of adults with the average concentration of 51.6 μg/m3, with p-value of 0.013. Even though the difference is significant, it does not seem to have a significant impact on health. No significant difference was observed between the PM10 concentration at the breathing height of children and adults; however, there was significant difference between the concentrations of PM2.5 with the clean air standard of Iran and data from monitoring stations.
Conclusion: The amount of PM2.5 and PM10 is almost the same in children and adults based on the difference in breathing height.
Health Inequalities during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Valaee Sharif Faeze , Ghasemzadeh Peivand
Published: December 2022

Pandemics are associated with significant and destructive national and global impacts on health, economy, society, and security. COVID-19 pandemic has imposed adverse economic consequences on the whole population. This is while the elderly and those with comorbidities, the economically disadvantaged and ethnic minorities were at increased risk of viral infection. Moreover, the mortality rate and the disease burden have been higher in these three groups. Social determinants of health are conditions in which people are born, live, work, grow up, and age. They are among the potential factors affecting health equity in communities. Regarding illness and health, the lower the socioeconomic level, the worse the health condition and the prevalence of underlying chronic conditions would be. In this paper, some of the existing inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated. They include age; having comorbidities; and social determinants of health such as employment status, income, living and working conditions, housing, and ethnic minorities. Measures should be taken to eliminate factors that exacerbate existing health and economic inequalities.
Ranking Iranian Provinces in Terms of Access to Healthcare Indicators with Emphasis on Yazd Province
Authors: Ansari Samani Habib , Shajirat Donya , Yoshany Nooshin
Published: December 2022

Background: Ranking provinces in terms of access to healthcare services facilitates a more accurate planning in order to identify the potential and weaknesses and fair allocation of the budgets of the Ministry of Health. Therefore, the present study is carried out with the aim of ranking the provinces of the country and also investigating the position of Yazd province in terms of access to the indicators of the health sector.
Methods: In terms of purpose, the present study is considered to be of an applied type with a survey-descriptive nature, and cross-sectional, in terms of time. The statistical population included all provinces of Yazd. The data which is required to access indicators of the health and treatment sector were extracted based on the information of the country's statistical yearbook in 2018. Shannon and TOPSIS entropy method and Excel 2016 and TOPSIS 2016 software were used to perform the analysis.
Results: Entropy weighting method showed that medical diagnosis laboratory and genetic index had the highest weight and rehabilitation centers had the lowest weight.TOPSIS ranking method showed that regarding access to healthcare indicators, Yazd province was in the fourth place, and South Khorasan, and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces were in the first and second places. West Azarbaijan province came in last place.
Conclusion: Laboratory indicators of medical diagnosis and genetics, pharmacists, general practitioners, emergency centers and beds in medical institutions respectively have the highest weights and effects in the ranking of provinces from regarding access to health and treatment indicators. Therefore, it is suggested to the planners and officials of the health and treatment sector to determine the priorities according to the extent the provinces benefit the mentioned indicators. This is done in order to increase ranking and reduce the inequalities. In order to reduce imbalance, health policymakers and officials are recommended to consider the developmental rankings of the provinces while allocating resources.
Designing and Explaining the Model of Job Enrichment with the Emphasis on Employee's Behavioral Dimension in Social Security Organization
Authors: Haddadi Vali , Mehrabi Javad , Ataee Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Background: As a job design technique, job enrichment emphasizes intra-job motivation in job duties and responsibilities to achieve appropriate behavioral outcomes. The present study aims to design and explain a job enrichment model considering the behavioral dimension of employees in Social Security Organization.
Methods: The research method was conducted based on qualitative content analysis and testing structural equations from quantitative perspective. Qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interviews with a purposive judgmental sampling. It was conducted on 14 people (academic experts, managers and deputies of Tehran's Social Security Organization). Researchers collected quantitative data by a 66-item questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale distributed among 327 employees of Tehran's Social Security Organization. It was done through Cochran's formula and convenience sampling method. Coding approach was used to analyze qualitative data, and the interview scripts and the SEM test in the Smart PLS 2 package were used to test the hypotheses.
Results: Qualitative findings focused on components such as job policymaking (developing job resource, recruitment structure, and job brand; and job responsibilities' management); trends in job enrichment (enriching the core job characteristics, job knowledge characteristics, and job social characteristics); employee's job psychological perceptions; environmental factors (working environment conditions, organization and team's climate, organizational culture, leadership style); behavioral responses (attitudes, performance, motivation; behavioral, cognitive, psychological well-beings) in the structure of job enrichment. Quantitative findings also indicated that the components of job policymaking and environmental factors have a significant effect on the dynamics of trends in job enrichment. Trends in job enrichment, in turn, have direct and indirect impacts on the components of behavioral responses through employees' psychological perceptions.
Conclusion: This study's paradigm emphasizes the importance of a holistic view with a dynamic capability for job enrichment. Accordingly, 2 factors of job policymaking and intra- organizational environmental factors should be considered by insurance organizations to increase the opportunities for self-realization of job enrichment.
Investigating the Relationship between Misery Index and Patients' Out-of-pocket Payments in Iran's Health System
Authors: Ghorbani Salar , Rezapour Aziz , Eisavi Mahmoud , Faradonbeh Saeed Bagheri , Moiedfar Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Background: One of the criteria for measuring the performance of governments and their survival is the degree of success in reducing and stabilizing the misery index. The misery index is obtained from the sum of inflation and unemployment. Inflation and unemployment are the most important factors affecting family's income. If the misery index is high, families will have less money to buy their consumer goods, including the use of healthcare services and treatment. Therefore, this research has evaluated the relationship between misery index and patients' out-of-pocket payments in Iran's health system.
Methods: Using time series data of 1998-2019, this study has investigated the relationship between misery index and patients' out-of-pocket payments in Iran's health system. For this purpose, the Dickey-Fuller test was used to check the durability of the variables, the Todayamamoto causality test was used to check the causality relationship between the variables, and the autoregression method with distribution breaks was used to check the existence of a long-term relationship. In addition, the data and results were analyzed using Eview 9 software.
Results: The results showed that there was a bi-directional causal relationship between the misery index and the out-of-pocket payments of patients in the health system. Furthermore, with increasing 1 unit of misery index 1.27 units of out-of-pocket payments increased. The correction error coefficient was 0.312, which meant this amount was adjusted each period by 0.312 from short-term imbalance to achieve long-term balance. In other words, it takes more than 3 years and less than 4 years to eliminate the short-term imbalances and reach its long-term relationship.
Conclusion: As the misery index increases, patients' out-of-pocket payments also increase. Therefore, the government should reduce the out-of-pocket payments of patients in the health system by adopting appropriate policies to reduce unemployment and inflation. Basic insurance coverage for essential services for patients should be increased. The extent of complementary medical insurance should be increased at the community level, especially in the lower deciles. In fact, the government should bear the cost of this part of the insurance for the four lower deciles. This is done in order to reduce the patients' out-of-pocket payments.
Correlation between Levels of Remnant Cholesterol versus LDL, A Cross-Sectional study
Authors: Rowsathien Sathienwit , Sastravaha Krisada , Chamsaard Prajongjit , Vathesatogkit Prin
Published: December 2022

Background: High levels of LDL cholesterol were directly related to the risk of atherosclerosis, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular complications. However, in some groups of patients with low levels, they were also found. Lead to the risk of other lipid components, including Remnant cholesterol. A recent study found related to cardiovascular risk as well. Currently, no direct comparison between Remnant cholesterol and LDL cholesterol level.

Objective: To study the correlation between Remnant cholesterol and LDL levels both in fasting and non-fasting states with the medical conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Materials and methods: To determine the association between remnant cholesterol and LDL. 200 cases of Thai begins at the age of 18 years old were tested for total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG level both in the fasting and non-fasting states. The obtained values were calculated for Remnant cholesterol levels and analysed for a direct correlation between the two levels, which also includes a comparative analysis. The AUC was used to assess the prognostic accuracy of lipid levels to diagnose the condition that poses cardiovascular risks.

Results: In the sample of 200 patients tested for lipid. At a mean age of 64.5 years, 42 percent were female and 76.5 percent received statins. We found that remnant cholesterol had a poor correlation with LDL levels when compared among the fasting conditions (r=0.164, 0.119), as well as among the statin used or not (r=0.118, 0.293). The analysis found that remnant cholesterol does well correlate with TG levels (r=0.770). Also, the predictive value of Remnant cholesterol over LDL levels for detect diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and overweight (AUC=0.610, 0.588, 0.593).

Conclusion: In this study. We found that remnant cholesterol does correlate poorly with LDL in any fasting state. Prediction of the incidence of diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and overweight has seemed better with remnant cholesterol. More studies may need for decreasing the knowledge gap and provide a better guide for disease prevention.
Wikang Filipino Gamit Sa Pagpapakilala Ng Atraksiyong Turismo Sa Bayan Ng Barcelona
Authors: Galon MAED Wilma , Marbella, PhD Felisa D.
Published: December 2022

Natiyak sa pag-aaral na ito na matukoy ang mga atraksiyong turismo sa bayan ng Barcelona gamit ang wikang Filipino, taong 2022. Kwalitatibo-deskriptibong pananaliksik ang disenyong ginamit sa paglikom ng datos sa pag-aaral upang matiyak ang gamit ng wikang Filipino sa pagkilala ng mga atraksiyong turismo ng Barcelona. Purposive sampling ang ginamit ng mananaliksik sa pagpili ng mga partisipants na kinabibilangan ng mga mag-aaral, mamamayan, turista, tagapangalaga at kawani ng lokal na pamahalaan. Isang gabay sa pakikipanayam ang inihanda ng mananaliksik ukol sa pag-aaral para sa pagkalap ng datos. Ang mga nalikom na datos ay sinuri at binigyang interpretasyon ng mananaliksik.
Iba-ibang atraksyong turismo ang makikita sa bayan ng Barcelona. May mahalagang gamit ang wikang Filipino sa pagpapakilala ng turismo ng Barcelona. Mga benepisyong hatid ang turismo sa dukasyon, komunidad, turista, at lokal na pamahalaan.  Inirerekomenda na kailangang bigyang pansin ng lokal na pamahalaan ang mga pagpapakilala at pagpapaunlad sa mga atraksiyong turismo ng bayan. Gamitin ang wikang Filipino sa mga flyers at bilang midyum ng pakikipagtalastasan ng mga lokal na empleyado sa pagpapakilala ng mga atraksiyong turismo. Magkaroon pa ng mga proyekto at programang maaaring isulong ang pagpapayaman ng pakikipagtalastasan ng mga lokal na mamamayan gamit ang wikang Filipino. Hikayatin ang mga guro na ipakilala sa mga mag-aaral at mga kabataan na mas bigyang pahalaga at pansin ang mga lokal na turismo bago tangkilikin ang mga dinadayong mga turismo ng iba.
Propostas de melhorias na gestão de resíduos no setor calçadista
Authors: Blume Vier Margarete , Theis Vanessa , S Dusan
Published: December 2022

Grande parte dos resíduos industriais originam-se do desperdício da matéria prima, proveniente de falhas no processo produtivo. O setor calçadista é um setor de grande impacto ambiental, principalmente pelo volume excessivo de resíduos poluentes gerados, e pelo reduzido reaproveitamento do material. Destarte, se faz mister a correta gestão e destinação final, ambientalmente adequada dos resíduos, além de alterações no processo produtivo, com o intuito de reduzir a quantidade gerada dos mesmos. Neste contexto, foi realizado o estudo com o objetivo de analisar e propor melhorias em relação à gestão de resíduos em empresas do setor calçadista. Quanto a metodologia, o estudo é de natureza aplicada, a pesquisa é descritiva, e a abordagem do problema é qualitativa. Em relação aos procedimentos técnicos, o trabalho consiste na realização de pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de caso múltiplo de três empresas localizadas no do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, levantamento documental e observação não participante. Os resultados evidenciam que as empresas estudadas se preocupam com a correta gestão e destinação final ambientalmente adequada, contudo, existem diversos aspectos que deveriam ser melhorados, principalmente no que se refere ao controle de resíduos e a redução na geração por meio do reaproveitamento/reciclagem.
CPI Welcomes the Summer 2022 Special Isssue: "Posthumanism: A Desire for a New Humanity" with Nikki Fairchild, Carol Lee, Kay Sidebottom, Invited Guest Editors
Authors: DePass Cecille , Abdi Ali A.
Published: December 2022

Editorial introducing the Summer 2022 (Volume 14, No 2) issue of Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry  entitled Posthumanism: A Desire for a New Humanity with invited guest editors Nikki Fairchild, Carol Lee and Kay Sidebottom.
Electrical - Poetic Fragment #1
Authors: Lee Carol
Published: December 2022

A poetic fragment that plays with the notion of touch as a circuit  that touches back and creates feedback from which one learns, also accompanied by a photograph by Chandan Suman entitled Green and Black Light.
Enacting Posthuman Ethics to Do Academia Differently: Toward an Affirmative Peer Reviewing Practice
Authors: Strom Kathryn , Mills Tammy
Published: December 2022

The authors created an affirmative peer-reviewing process for conducting rigorous journal article peer reviews that push back against damaging comments, to provide potential authors with a supportive experience that produces very different affects.
Critical Posthuman Educational Inquiry: A Disruptive and Affective Approach
Authors: Forte Magali
Published: December 2022

This essay offers a diffractive experiment in thinking and writing about the ethics of considering children as less than fully human by presenting readers with a text split in two columns with double-exposed pictures without humans.
Thinking Differently about Teaching and Learning: Using the Arts as a Mode of Inquiry
Authors: Demers Kelly
Published: December 2022

The author examines how engagement with artistic encounters embedded within an integrated arts course designed for pre-service teachers provides students with opportunities to think differently about teaching and learning.
Youth Participatory Action Research in School: A Posthumanist Account of Participation and Mattering
Authors: Albright Thomas
Published: December 2022

The author examines the question: in what ways do human, non-human, and discursive bodies intra-act in the classroom, and what do their intra-actions produce?
Tall Teachers - Poetic Fragment #2
Authors: Lee Carol M.
Published: December 2022

A poetic fragment that plays with the notion of forests as having stories and not being strictly organic, accompanied by a photograph of a split leafed philodendron.
Meeting in the Forest: Education in a Posthuman Era
Authors: Hume Joanna
Published: December 2022

The author investigates the current worldwide growth of forest schools using concepts of posthumanism and post-anthropocentrism diffracted through a popular nature documentary My Octopus Teacher.
Diffracting Bag Lady Stories and Kinship: Cartogra-ph-ying and Making-With Others in MoreThan-Human Affirmative Spaces
Authors: Latto Liz , Ovington Julie , Hawxwell Louise , Albin-Clark Jo , Isom Phillipa , Smith Sharon , Ellis Sarah , Fletcher-Saxon Jo
Published: December 2022

Underpinned by Le Guin’s (2019) conceptualisation of bag ladies along with feminist materialism and posthumanist ways of thinking and doing, the authors examine the ways in which their bag lady storytelling became entwined with an online reading and ultimately kinship.
Entering into Sympogogies
Authors: PlayTank Collective  , Healy Sarah , Mayes Eve , Flynn Alicia , Edwards Allison
Published: December 2022

This article presents an account of a collaborative inquiry engaging with sympogogy a pedagogic processes of learning-with, specifically in relation to practices of play. It is presented by a collaboration of researchers known as the PlayTank Collective 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3001-6316
Material - Poetic Fragment #3
Authors: Lee Carol
Published: December 2022

A poetic fragment that shows how two rocks facilitated a virtual exchange between mother and son with an accompanying photograph of two rocks.
Posthuman Object Pedagogies: Thinking with Things to Think with Theory for Innovative Educational Research
Authors: Taylor Carol A. , Hogarth Hannah , Hacking Elisabeth Barratt , Bastos Eliane
Published: December 2022

Educational practices and learning processes are entangled with a multitude of objects but these objects are often positioned as dull, inert matter, disregarded as mundane, left unnoticed, and made subservient to the proper business of educating. The authors see them a vital intra-acting bodies that help scholars to think differently about pedagogy and research.
Contributor Biographies
Authors: Lee Carol
Published: December 2022

Biiographies of contributors to CPI Special Issue Post-Humanism: A Desire for a New Humanity. (Part I).
Tribute to George Lamming (May 11, 1930 - June 4, 2022)
Authors: Dabydeen Cyril
Published: December 2022

Tribute to prominant Caribbean writer George Lamming who passed away June 4, 2022 by Cyril Dabydeen.
The Remembered Children of Maui - Pan-Pacific Conversations and Solidarities
Authors: Romero Noah , Mutch Carol , Grant Wairehu
Published: December 2022

Call for submissions for the Summer 2024 (Volume 16 No. 1) issue of Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry entitled The Remembered Children of Maui - Pan-Pacific Conversations and Solidarities, with guest co-editors Noah Romero, Carol Mutch and Wairehu Grant.
The Unheard Voices, the Unheard Struggle: Una fuerza poderosa que lucha por expresarse
Authors: Mendoza Reis Noni , Quintanar-Sarellana Rosalinda , Lee Enid , DePass Cecille
Published: December 2022

Call for submissions for the Winter 2025 (Volume 16 No. 2) issue of Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry entitled The Unheard Voices, the Unheard Struggle: Una fuerza poderosa que lucha por expresarse, with guest co-editors Noni Mendoza Reis, Rosalinda Quintanar-Sarellana, Enid Lee and Cecille DePass.
Qualitative network analysis in the strategy of mixing methods in the social sciences: a systematic literature review
Authors: Kim Aryuna
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the place of qualitative network analysis in the strategy of mixing methods in the social sciences. We conducted a systematic review of the literature that allowed us to demonstrate examples of the use of qualitative network analysis in empirical research. There are four ways of analyzing qualitative data in network mixed studies: qualitative analysis of qualitative data, quantitative analysis of qualitative data, quantitative and qualitative analysis of qualitative data and quantitative and qualitative analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. Currently, there is a lack of a single definition of the methodology of qualitative network analysis and consensus on its implementation in practice. The main possibilities of qualitative network analysis are discussed in the article. At the level of the research object, qualitative network analysis studies the personal networks of individuals’ relationships, and also make easier an access to hard-to-reach groups of respondents. At the level of the subject of research, qualitative network analysis allows us to study the deep meanings of relationships in the network and the contexts of interaction, to describe and understand networks from the inside and outside, to focus on the activities of actors and their strategies for building a network, as well as to identify the temporality of relationships in the network. The article discusses a position that questions the existence of qualitative network analysis as an independent methodology.
Toloka platform as a source of online survey participants: an experience of assessing data quality
Authors: Gavrilov Kirill
Published: December 2022

The article presents the experience of using Yandex Toloka crowdsourcing platform to recruit respondents for an online survey. Analyzing methodological publications on a similar foreign platform Amazon Mechanical Turk we put forward hypotheses about the data quality obtained via Toloka in comparison with the results collected using other convenience sample types –online panels and recruitment of respondents through social networks. Additionally, only based on the Toloka data, we assessed the indicator of respondent’s attentiveness. The main conclusion is that Toloka allows to recruit respondents quickly and at low cost, and the results are comparable in terms of quality to those obtained by other methods. In particular, respondents from Toloka almost always complete the survey, fill out questionnaires faster than other types of respondents, but less often than participants of the online panel have a tendency to “straightline” (i.e., give the same answers in a tabular question), just as often as social media respondents give answers to the open-ended question (but less frequently than online panel participants), although their responses are shorter. Only 36% of the respondents passed the attention check question, attentive participants had a longer questionnaire complete time and were less likely to be straightliners. The increase of reward did not increase the proportion of attentive respondents, but decreased the questionnaire filling out speed, increased the number of answers to the open question, and reduced the proportion of straightliners.
ADAPTATION PROCESSES IN MODERN RUSSIA
Authors: Kozyreva Polina , Smirnov Aleksandr
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the experience of loneliness by the elderly in the context of the problems of adaptation to the conditions of modern Russian reality. Considerable attention is paid to understanding the problems of loneliness of older Russians in a situation of increasing social isolation due to response measures to the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis is based on data from the from the “Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics” (RLMS-HSE). It reveals that social isolation prevails in older people, characterized by a reduction or termination of individual contacts, while physical or complete isolation is quite rare. A significant but weak inverse correlation was found between the frequency of feelings of loneliness and the intensity of communication in old age. If employment significantly expands the possibilities of communication and at the same time reduces the severity of the experience of loneliness, then being in a family reduces the frequency of feeling loneliness while maintaining the intensity of communication with other people. Coronavirus restrictions, which have increased isolation, have had a negative impact on the social well-being of older citizens. Significantly increased the number of people experiencing depression, anxiety, depression, danger and fear. More difficult than others to adapt to a new situation are people who constantly or often experience loneliness. But although forced isolation and other pandemic restrictions have given rise to many problems that require an adequate solution, they still have not become destructive stress for the vast majority of older people. As the regime of restrictions eased and awareness of what was happening increased, the majority of older Russians were able to adapt to the new conditions to one degree or another.
Social and Labor Adaptation of Rural Population in the Conditions of Institutional Transformation of the Russian Village
Authors: Mukhanova Maria
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this work is to search for empirical evidence of the process of crystallization of new entrepreneurial layers in the changed institutional and socio-cultural environment of the Russian countryside. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of sectoral employment in the agricultural labor market in all Federal Districts, are considered the mechanisms of adaptation of the rural population to the market economy, which led to the destruction of agricultural enterprises, the emergence of capitalist forms of production and new labor practices – employment in the informal sector, are considered. The information base consisted of data from large-scale panel studies of Rosstat 2012–2021 and the All-Russian Agricultural Censuses of 2006, 2016, 2021, as well as research practice in the regions of the Russian Federation. It was revealed that the share of employed both in general and in regional agricultural markets is decreasing with the growth of economic development, the acceleration of urbanization, the legalization of informal employment, the presence of agricultural producers with advanced technologies, as well as large networks in the service sector in large settlements. Using the example of interdependent processes of reduction of farms and the growth of land and agricultural production, they show how farmers with professional management experience, introducing innovative technologies and techniques, applying new business models in the economy managed to resist and become structures for the modernization of production in the regions. Thus, the results of the study demonstrated the technology of crystallization and formation of new entrepreneurial layers in the socio-structural processes of the Russian countryside.
Subjective Factors of Risk Readiness in the Context of Adaptation to the Bifurcation Environment
Authors: Shlykova Elena
Published: December 2022

The initial point in the article is the statement that in the last two years, changes in the environment of Russians, caused by new and rapidly occurring socially significant events, acquire the character of bifurcation. Based on the position of the concept of L. V. Korel on the essential differences of social adaptation in bifurcation and evolutionary environments by generalizing the results of representative empirical studies, the verification of the leading role of latent adaptive resources and subjective attitudes during adaptation to bifurcation conditions was obtained and the role of risk readiness as a social attitude and adaptive resource was substantiated.
Based on the analysis of data from the RLMS-HSE, the hypothesis about the differences between high and low subjective assessment of risk readiness in terms of attitude to risk; experience of interaction with risks; verbal choice of the mechanism and strategy of adaptation to them; adaptive resources.
Two groups have been identified in the Russian population that are homogeneous in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, but diametrically opposed in terms of the attitude of “readiness for risk”: with high- and low-risk readiness. The differences between these groups in the experience of interacting with risks, the propensity to choose adaptation mechanism and strategy in the bifurcation environment, and in their adaptive potentials are recorded. The vulnerability of a group with lowrisk readiness to depletion of adaptive resources and reduction of adaptive capabilities in bifurcation conditions is substantiated and proposals for the development of its adaptive potential are developed.
Interethnic Attitudes Through the Prism of Subjective Characteristics of Social Well-Being
Authors: Shchegolkova Elena
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the dependence of assessments of the state of interethnic relations on the nature of the social well-being of the population. The main approaches to the study of social well-being are presented, which is interpreted as an integral characteristic affecting all spheres of human activity, marking a complex indicator of a person’s satisfaction with life in a given society and a generalized indicator of the population’s reaction to social transformations. Based on the materials of representative sociological all-Russian and regional studies, it is shown that social well-being influences the vector of interethnic attitudes. Significant differences in the level of ethnic negativism were found depending on the level of material well-being, satisfaction with the financial situation, life satisfaction, and emotional state. All-Russian surveys show that respondents in a negative emotional state, aggravated by a general disturbing information agenda, are more likely to show malevolence towards people of other nationalities. It is also shown that subjective characteristics of social well-being, based on positive assessments of one’s material well-being and a life-affirming emotional background, reduce the level of hostility towards representatives of other nationalities. The article concludes that in conditions of unresolved socio-economic problems, subjective characteristics of social well-being as a factor of perception of the ethnically “other” increase their importance: low level of material prosperity, lack of stable employment and a decrease in the positive level of everyday emotional state, leads to increased negativism in the perception of the sphere of interethnic interactions. Dissatisfaction with one’s financial situation and life in general is likely to lead to an increase in possible ethnically marked social tensions.