bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancang Bangun Alat Deteksi Sag Tegangan Menggunakan Sistem Data Logger
Authors: Pratama Arizal Maulana , Ronilaya Ferdian , Kusumaningtyas Ajeng Bening , Wibowo Sapto
Published: March 2023

-This research discusses the design and manufacture of a voltage sag detection device using a data logger system. Voltage sag detection device to detect the presence of voltage sag which is one of the power quality problems in industrial electrical systems. Voltage sag can cause disturbances in electronic components that are sensitive to changes in voltage values. In this device, the voltage sag is detected using a voltage sensor by reading the RMS voltage from the PLN 220V AC source, then it is converted into a digital signal. The digital signal is sent to the ESP32 module to be processed and outputs a voltage value which is then displayed on the LCD Display. The voltage value data collection is carried out every <10ms and the data taken is the voltage value <90% of the rms voltage. The data taken is then saved to a micro SD card and displayed on the LCD Display. Several tests were carried out to ensure the performance of the voltage sag detector as designed. By switching the 110 / 220VAC transformer connected to the voltage sensor for 10 seconds, 12 seconds and 17 seconds. Based on these tests, the voltage sag detector can read and store the voltage sag data when the voltage read is below 90% of the rms voltage.
Audit Kelistrikan pada Gedung Administrasi Niaga (AB) dan Akuntansi (AC) Politeknik Negeri Malang
Authors: Hermawan Ahmad , Hutama Roby Tri Stya , Prasetyo Budi Eko , Wiharya Candra
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze the average consumption of electrical energy and the Intensity of Energy Consumption (IKE)and the effect of temperature of electrical equipment in the main panel of the AB and AC buildings on the applicable electrical standards in the AB and AC buildings of Politeknik Negeri Malang. From the research, the results of the average consumption of electrical energy in each building are 2591.96 kWh and 1799.74 kWh per month, the value of Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) is 34.55 kWh / m2 and 34.11 kWh / m2, both results fall into the category of energy use. very efficient, all the equipment in the panels of the two buildings is in good condition according to the PLN SK DIR 520 2014 book, the highest temperature value of the safety equipment is 32.8 ᵒC at NH Fuse T. this is due to the current flowing of 34.29A, the value of the equipment with the lowest temperature of 27.8 C on MCB C16 with a maximum standard of 45 C, the current conductive capacity is still in accordance with using a 2.5 mm2 cable with KHA 46 A, while the load current for each branch is protected by MCB 10 A. For cooling in rooms that use AC The split is 28,000 BTU / hour and it is still below the standard of 38,000 BTU / hour
Studi Kelayakan Gas Insulated Switchgear di PT. Paiton Operation & Maintenance Indonesia Unit 8
Authors: Duanaputri Rohmanita , Ridzki Imron , Yulianto Mohammad Iqbal , Hidayatullah M. Syarif
Published: March 2023

Protection systems are a collection of components that have the same purpose to protect or secure. One of the existing protection systems in the generator is switchgear. At PT. Paiton Operation & Maintenance Indonesia Unit 8 using a switchgear insulated with SF6 gas is called gas insulated switchgear. Gas Insulated Switchgear is the newest of the Switchyard innovations. Innovations that have been developed from air isolation into gas insulation have fewer land use advantages and a better level of density. In determining the feasibility of gas insulated switchgear PT. Paiton Operation & Maintenance Indonesia performs tests consisting of insulation resistance measurements, resistance measurements, gas leakage checks, polarity checking, gas density detectors, testing duration closure and circuit breaker opening. Each test has a pre-defined value limit. Gas Insulated switchgear is said to be feasible to operate when it meets the specified value limits on each test.
Rancang Bangun Automatic Smart Energy Meter Berbasis RFId
Authors: Hakim Muhammad Fahmi , Ridzki Imron , Kusuma Ichwan Bayu
Published: March 2023

The development of technology today makes it easier for humans in their daily activities. One of them is in the digital world. In the industrial era 4.0. more and more companies are issuing breakthrough new products based on digital technology that aim to be practical in their use. One of the technologies applied is the use of smart cards. For example in the use of smart keys in homes and car doors. Then in the current transaction process, many have implemented this smart card technology. The purpose of this research is to apply the latest technology in the energy transaction process which will be applied to the KWh meter. The smart card used is RFId and is integrated in the database and website so that its use is more practical and flexible. Then the use of this smart card can be applied to the smart energy meter so that later the prepaid energy transaction process can be applied easily with this smart energy meter.
Pemanfaatan Panel Surya Sebagai Smart Street Lighting di Desa Banjarejo, Kec. Pakis, Kab. Malang.
Authors: Prasetyo Budi Eko , Ridzki Imron , Wiharya Chandra
Published: March 2023

Permasalahan lampu PJU konvensional secara umum yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat pedesaan, yaitu beban yang harusditanggung oleh masyarakat untuk membayar rekening, selain itu sering terjadi kelalaian untuk menyalakan dan mematikannya. Artikel ini membahas mengenai pemasngan smart PJU yang memanfaatkan pansel surya sebagai sumber utamanya. Secara teknis, penggunaan LDR dan PIR sangat membantu masyarakat untuk menyalakan dan mematikan lampu PJU, dan hasil pengukuran lampu smart PJU panel surya yang menggunakan lampu jenis LED 6 watt dipasang pada ketinggian 4meter dari permukaan jalan didapatkan nilai rata-rata kuat cahaya E sebesr 11.86 lux. Disisi ekonomisnya, masyarakat dapat menghemat energi selama 1 bulan (30 hari) sebesar 21.6kWh dengan total nilai rupiah sebesar Rp. 31,205.52.
Perencanaan Instalasi Penangkal Petir Pada Bangunan Industri Bengkel Pembuatan Mesin CV. Karya Brawijaya
Authors: Ruwah Joto  , Rohmanita Duanaputri  , Sigi Syah Wibowo  , Fery Nova Dwi Prasetyo
Published: March 2023

Petir merupakan kejadian alam yang terjadi karena loncatan muatan listrik antara awan dan bumi. Kerusakan akibat sambaran petir yang ditimbulkan dapat membahayakan peralatanperalatan serta manusia yang berada di dalam gedung tersebut. Pada kondisi ini keharusan bagi gedung untuk memasang penangkal petir agar terhindar dari sambaran petir. Di era ini, industri Indonesia semakin berkembang pesat dan banyak menggunakan peralatan sistem dengan komponen listrik, khususnya di sebuah industri Bengkel Mesin Agroindustri CV. Karya Brawijaya. CV. Karya Brawijaya didirikan pada tahun 2009, merupakan sebuah industri yang memproduksi mesin agroindustri. Dalam perencanaan sistem proteksi eksternal metode yang banyak digunakan adalah metode penangkal petir konvensional dan elektrostatik, oleh karena itu untuk mengkaji lebih lanjut, hasil observasi yang telah dilakukan ke industri tersebut masih belum ada sistem penangkal petir sehingga penulis akan mencoba merencanakan dan membandingkan perencanaan kedua jenis penangkal petir yaitu penangkal petir Konvensional (Franklin) dan Elektrostatik (E.F. Lightning Protection System) dari segi perlindungan, teknis, ekonomis, kelebihan dan kekurangannya. Metode penelitian dan observasi dilakukan pada area gedung CV. Karya Brawijaya, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi secara langsung, wawancara, dan studi literature, sehingga didapatkan data denah gedung (tinggi, lebar dan panjang bangunan) dan data hari guruh tahun 2019 (IKL 243) kemudian dengan data yang diperoleh digunakan untuk menghitung parameter-parameter dalam perencanaan instalasi penangkal petir sesuai standar dari SNI 07015-2004 dan PUIPP. Sehingga diperoleh hasil untuk perencanaan metode konvensional (Franklin) dengan penempatan terminasi udara menggunakan metode bola bergulir didapatkan 9 finial terpasang dengan bangunan dapat menahan arus sampai 160,06 kA dan untuk metode elektrostatik (E.F. Lightning Protection System) dengan 1 finial bangunan dapat menahan arus sampai 23,737 kA, dan bila melebihi nilai tersebut akan ditangkap penangkal petir.
Uji Kemampuan RPM Motor DC Permanen Baldor dengan Sumber Daya Solar Cell Monocristallin 50WP
Authors: Mas Ahmad Baihaqi  , Eva Kurnia Yulyawan
Published: March 2023

Memanfaatkan energi alternatif cahaya matahari sebagai salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi pemakaian energi fosil yang tidak bisa di perbarui, Solar cell 50 wp sebagai sumber daya untuk menguji kecepatan serta kekuatan motor DC magnet permanen baldor, pengujian dilakukan dengan metode memberi beban semakin bertambah, dengan pengujian ini di harapkan RPM sebelum ada beban maupun semakin bertambah beban kekuatan motor dc permanen baldor tidak mengalami drop RPM, dengan harapan hasil uji nanti bisa dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan penelitian selanjutnya pada pengembangan transportasi yakni mobil listrik tenaga surya dengan modul photovoltaic, motor dc magnet permanen baldor.
Profil Tegangan Surja Petir pada Generator Impuls RLC Sebagai Simulasi Tegangan Lebih
Authors: Kumala Mahda Habsari  , Hanifiyah Darna Fidya Amaral  , Hafizh Farhan
Published: March 2023

Gangguan tegangan lebih pada jaringan listrik umumnya disebabkan oleh dua macam tegangan transient yang berasal dari luar atau dari dalam sistem itu sendiri. Jenis gangguan dari luar ini biasanya disebabkan oleh sambaran petir. Gangguan tegangan lebih yang berasal dari petir dapat menjadi ancaman berbahaya bagi jaringan listrik, instalasi listrik dan peralatan listrik.. Tegangan impuls yang dibawa oleh petir memiliki amplitudo sangat besar. Pada skala laboratorium, tegangan impuls dapat dibangkitkan hingga 1000 kV. Gelombang tegangan tinggi impuls yang dihasilkan oleh generator impuls memiliki karakteristik durasi yang pendek antara mikro detik hingga beberapa puluh mikro detik. Perancangan simulasi pembangkitan tegangan tinggi impuls dengan rangkaian generator impuls RLC dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menyimulasikan tegangan lebih yang berasal dari surja petir. Profil tegangan yang dihasilkan diamati dan dianalisa. Rangkaian generator impuls RLC disimulasikan dengan dua variasi tegangan keluaran yang berbeda, yaitu 1 kV dan 10 kV. Profil tegangan yang dihasilkan oleh generator impuls RLC dengan tegangan keluaran 1kV dan 10 kV memiliki bentuk yang mirip dengan profil tegangan generator impuls RLC yang ada pada standar IEC 61000-4-5. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa rangkaian generator impuls RLC yang disimulasikan berhasil dijalankan sesuai standar.
Otomatisasi Mesin Gergaji Kayu Berbasis PLC
Authors: Tresna Umar Syamsuri  , Mohammad Noor Hidayat  , Harrij Mukti K.  , Rohmanita Duanaputri
Published: March 2023

The timber industry in the process of cutting is done several types of sawing machine that has been designed in accordance with the needs of use facilitatein the process of cutting. Besides the saw machine simplifythe work given the limited ability of the power human beings either in the form of materials to be cut and safety work of employees. If the company is just a racket manpower is very limited, so to increase that efficiency desirable will be difficult to achieve, therefore required appropriate technology to help improve the eficiency. Technology that can help is to use shawmill machine automatically. In the process of sawing there are several types of sawmill such as: disc saw, bandsaw, in this case the writer uses bandsaw, adjusted with observation data with the power of 22 Kw saws and at the train with power of 1.5Kw. In the manufacture of this control the autor uses the HMI program in the process of controlling the engine from a distance, and operates it. Inside the HMI can be seen on a running machine and a machine that is a trouble.
Analisis Penggunaan Energi Listrik di Gedung Instalasi Bedah Sentral dan Perawatan Intensif
Authors: Slamet Nurhadi  , Heri Sungkowo  , Nunun Setyo Nadia Putri
Published: March 2023

Energy audit is a technique for calculating Energy Consumption Intensity (IKE) and aims to determine the energy use profile of a building and seek efforts to increase energy efficiency without reducing the comfort level of the building. The analytical method used is to make observations at Waluyo Jati Hospital by measuring the building area and ensuring appropriate lighting. Based on the Initial Energy Audit (AEA) which has been calculated and measured, the value of the intensity of energy has not met the standard because it is below the IKE standard for hospitals, which is 32.90617486 kWh/m2 on account calculations and 31.51399876 kWh /m2 on measurements that have been made, while the hospital IKE standard is 380 kWh/m2. The lighting system in the building still does not meet the standard of lighting strength according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 7 of 2019 concerning hospital environmental health. And for the lighting system it is not optimal and efficient, where the power consumption before repair according to the calculation is 4343.04 kWh, while after repair it becomes 4181.76 kWh / month 4343.04 kWh. The way to make energy use more efficient is to utilize natural light from the sun and change lamps and install energy-saving stickers in every corner of the room in the Central Surgical Installation and Intensive Care building at Waluyo Jati Kraksaan Hospital
Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Gardu Induk Terhadap Aliran Daya dan Profil Tegangan
Authors: Sri Wahyuni Dali  , Imron Ridzki  , Rohmanita Duanaputri  , Egar Rahmat Maulana
Published: March 2023

Addition of the Guluk-Guluk Substation, it will affect the flow of power and voltage in the electric power system. Based on the analysis of normal conditions before and after the Guluk-Guluk Substation in terms of the voltage value on each connected bus, it is still within the permitted limits, while the contingency ranking calculation using the Voltage Performance Index (PIv) method can determine contingency conditions N-1 to N -3 before and after the Guluk-Guluk Substation. In this case, it was found that during the contingency conditions N-1 to N-3 before the Guluk-Guluk Substation there was a decrease in the value of the voltage which was still within the permissible limits, but in the N-3 contingency there was also an overload on the line due to the release of two generator units and one channel. After the existence of the Guluk-Guluk Substation, during the N-1 to N-2 contingency conditions the voltage value was still within the permissible limits, but the voltage drop that occurred was bigger than the condition before the Guluk-Guluk Substation. For the N-3 contingency condition the voltage value does not meet the standard due to overload on the Ujung Substation - Bangkalan Substation line and the lack of power flow.
Perencanaan Dan Analisis Pembangkit Listrik Hybrid PLTS 4x50 Wp dan PLTB Tipe Darrieus Kapasitas 100 Watt
Authors: Mohamad Arya Iga Wardana  , Mohammad Noor Hidayat  , Ananto Rhezal Agung
Published: March 2023

In this era energy resources are the main issues that are developing today, this is due to energy needs, offset by population growth and economic growth in Indonesia which is increasing, wind energy and solar energy are renewable energy sources that come from the process of natural that the possibility of the energy will never run out. Both of these energies can be used to produce electrical energy through a power generation process, namely the Hybrid Power Plant (PLTH). Hybrid power generation system is a combination of 2 or more alternative energy power plants, namely wind energy and solar heat. Previously installed 2x50 wp PLTS and Darieus type PLTB with a capacity of 100 watts due to the lack of supply for the 45 ah battery, 2x50 wp PLTS will be added so that charging the battery is faster and optimal and can be used as a reference to compare 2x100 Wp PLTS and 4x50 wp PLTS. The parameters used for this research are the state of the energy source and the electrical load in the futsal field of the State Polythecnic of Malang. in PLTS having an average solar radiation of about 882.14W/m2 can produce a power of 1,252.63 W using PV Monocrystaline of 1.42 m2
Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem Isolasi Transformator Kertas Kraft Terendam Minyak Mineral Pada Sel Uji Penuaan Termal Dipercepat
Authors: Rahman Azis Prasojo  , Kresna Bayu Priambodo  , Anton Setya Aji Herdiansyah  , Rohmanita Duanaputri  , Slamet Nurhadi  , Epiwardi
Published: March 2023

The transformer insulation system in the form of oil-immersed paper, is the most important part of a transformer. This isolation system needs to be ensured that it has the appropriate characteristics, and is resistant to stress due to transformer operation. The most commonly used method for evaluating insulation life is the accelerated thermal aging test. Insulating oil-immersed paper is sealed in a vessel with a ratio in the Accelerated Thermal Aging Chamber with a volume capacity of 3600 ml. It takes about 3000 ml of oil to be poured into a tube with a ratio of insulating oil to insulating paper rolled on copper which is 10:1 and then heated in a thermal oven to accelerate aging. This study aims to develop an Accelerated Aging Chamber for evaluating the performance of transformer isolation systems. The developed test cell is able to reach a set-point of 150°C in 16 minutes with on/off control while PID control in 37 minutes with a Human Machine Interface for monitoring and collecting temperature data in real time, and maintaining that temperature until the end of the experimental period. Theresults of the sample will later be tested for the characteristics of the transformer insulation, namely tensile strength, color scale, andbreakdown voltage due to thermal stress.
Perencanaan dan Implementasi Inverter Satu Fasa Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Pikohidro di Air Terjun Watu Lumpang Mojokerto
Authors: Rhezal Agung  , Naufal Ramadhani Akbar  , Sapto Wibowo
Published: March 2023

Renewable energy is a real source of energy that is easy and cheap to use, especially water, therefore it is often used for electrical energy generation systems by utilizing river or waterfall flows. One form of utilization is the Picohydro Power Plant (the smallestscale power plant). Where there is energy potential in an area but has not been utilized optimally, by utilizing the flow of waterfalls in Watu Lumpang Pacet Waterfall Tourism Mojokerto Regency using turbines as a drive and generator as a generator. However, because it is generated in the form of Direct Current (DC) electricity, it takes an inverter as a converter that can convert DC voltage to Alternating Current (AC). So it can be used to supply loads that mostly require AC electricity to operate.
Sistem Instalasi Pembangkit Pikohidro Untuk Keluaran Listrik Arus Searah 12 Volt
Authors: Andrik Sunyoto  , Priya Surya Harijanto  , Bakti Indra Kurniawan
Published: March 2023

This research is focused to help peoples in remote areas who do not have electricity supply from PLN,but have sources of water flow in rivers. The main objective of this research is to create a picohydro hydroelectricpower plant with a floating turbine to utilize the kinetic energy of river water flow in areas that have not beensupplied with PLN electricity. The flow of water in the river will rotate the turbine, which in the end the rotationalpower is channeled through a pulley and belt system, which eventually turns an alternator. The alternator used isa three-phase AC alternator. Then the AC current will be rectified by the bridge rectifier to then be used to chargethe battery and go to the load. In addition, in this study, the ability of the pico-hydro system to supply electricalenergy will be tested to be able to run 12 V DC electrical loads and charge 12 V batteries.
Analisa Audit Energi Listrik di PT. Ispat Bukit Baja Kota Bekasi
Authors: Sulistyowati  , Ar Raafi Pangestu  , Sigit Setya Wiwaha
Published: March 2023

PT. Ispat Bukit Baja is a company engaged in the steel production industry. Every component production uses electricalenergy as the main source. With the main load of lighting, air conditioning, and electric motors, the use of electricity in this company is verylarge and important. An audit energy needs to be carried out because the value of Energy Consumption Intensity in 2020 is 251 kWh / m2/ year and in 2021 it is 221 kWh / m2 / year and the value of Specific Energy Consumption in 2020 is 0.26 GJ / Ton and in 2021 is 0.29GJ/Ton. The energy audit method used is to calculate the value of Energy Consumption Intensity and Specific Energy Consumption. Thesavings opportunities made are on the air conditioning system, lighting system, and electric motor load. From the results of the analysisand calculation of savings in the air conditioning system, savings of 50.1% or 67.70 kWatt were obtained using a psychrometric diagramto determine the cooling system according to the needs of the room, then for the lighting system, savings of 21.9% or 6 kWatt by replacingthe installed lighting system with energy-saving lamps, then the load of the electric motor is using capacitor to improve the power factorvalue which was originally 0.77 to 0.85 with the aim that the motor speed does not change which will result in the precision of the productionobtained savings in the use of apparent power of 7.13% or 126.52 kVA. So that the results of the apparent power savings can be used forbackup. The total recommended power saving obtained from the calculation results is 73.7 kWatt. So based on the calculation of the energyaudit that has been done, it can reduce production costs and energy use efficiency
Analisis Pembebanan Terhadap Perkiraan Umur Transformator Distribusi 20 kV Penyulang Lowokwaru di PT. PLN(PERSERO) UP3 Malang
Authors: Asfari Hariz Santoso  , Ernanda Rizka  , Harrij Mukti K.
Published: March 2023

One of the most important equipment components in the distribution of electrical energy is the distribution transformer.Distribution transformer if used continuously or continuously it can affect the performance of the transformer. The service life of thetransformer can be reduced more quickly if you do not pay attention to the factors that can make the transformer life shrinkage high. One ofthe causes of the reduced life of the transformer is due to loading. From the eleven transformers, it can be seen that there are differentloading variations, it is expected that the transformer life will remain at normal age. IEC 60354-1, 1991 stipulates the normal life of thetransformer is 20.55 years. The research method used is to perform calculations using the long-time method and 24-hour daily data bycalculating the loading at the time of LWBP and WBP on a 20 kV distribution transformer. Analysis of the calculation results revealed that thenormal condition of the transformer P1385 (68.66 %) winding temperature at LWBP 67.47°C and when WBP 69.45°C compared totransformer P0032 with overload conditions (120.91%) winding temperature when LWBP 60, 88°C and at WBP 119.51°C. From the data onthe lowest loading on the eleven transformers, namely transformer P0527 (41.69%) it is obtained that the estimated real aging age is 0.125and the estimated age of the P0527 transformer is >20 years. Compared to transformer P0032 (120.91%), the estimated real aging age is12,0003 p-u and the estimated age is less than 20 years or 9.5 years. Loading above 100% on the transformer based on the standard IEC60354-1, 1991 if it takes place continuously will cause heating of the transformer windings which can cause the shrinkage process in the lifeof the transformer to be faster.
Analisis Rencana Pemasangan Transformator Sisipan Untuk Mengatasi Overload dan Drop Voltage pada Penyulang Selogabus PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Bojonegoro Kota
Authors: Sukamdi  , Harrij Mukti K.  , Muhammad Hadyan Farizan  , Muhammad Rafid Faiz Firmansyah
Published: March 2023

The Selogabus supplier is located at the Bojonegoro City ULP which has 111 transformers and is supplied by the BojonegoroSubstation. Transformers MA164 (250 kVA) and MA267 (250 kVA) have experienced overload (LoadMA164 = 102% and LoadMA267 = 111%)based on the loading standardization, namely SE DIR PT. PLN (Persero) No.0017/2014 (≤ 80%). The MA164 and MA267 transformersalso have the farthest customer end voltages of 187 V (ΔVMA164 = 23%) and 189 V (ΔVMA267 = 22%) which do not comply with SPLNstandard No. 1 Th. 1995 (+5% and -10%). An effective solution is to install an insert transformer because MA164 and MA267 cannot beuprated and cannot be broken by the JTR load. For planning the installation of the insert transformer it is necessary to carry out loadforecasting, determination of the capacity of the insert transformer, division of the line of the farthest customer parts, determination of thelocation and selection of distribution substation accessories.The MA164 insert transformer (160 kVA) is installed at a distance of 416 mfrom the MA164 Transformer with a loading of 47%, while the MA267 insert transformer (200 kVA) is installed at a distance of 255 m fromthe MA164 Transformer with a loading of 47%. After installation the insert transformer MA164 transformer has a load of 77% and a endvoltage of 211.9 V (ΔVMA164 = 9%), while the MA267 Transformer has a loading of 62% and an end voltage of 212.7 V (ΔVMA267 = 8%). Withthe appropriate conditions, the transformer can function properly and the customer's electrical equipment can function normally.
Analisa Audit Upaya Efisiensi Energi di PT. Telkom Witel Unit Network Area dan IS Operation
Authors: Ruwah Joto  , Sukamdi  , Pratama Aditya
Published: March 2023

The increasing use of energy, in line with the development of the economy and industry, it is also necessary to realize the importanceof saving energy on the consumption side. Energy conservation is an increase in the efficiency of energy used or energy saving processes.This process includes an energy audit, which is a method for calculating the energy consumption level of a building or buildings, the resultsof which will be compared with existing standards to then look for solutions to save energy consumption if the energy consumption levelexceeds existing standards. The method used for research in this final project uses a walking audit by collecting data based on current,voltage, and power measurements. The data will be used to determine the analysis of the consumption of electrical energy used in the PT.Telkom Witel Unit Network and IS Operation Malang. Calculation of the IKE value (Energy Consumption Intensity) of the Malang City STObuilding for the results from the account data, the results are 479.14 kWh/m²/year. As for the IKE value from the measurement, the result is443.5 kWh/m²/Year 2, the value of the IKE is very inefficient from the standard compared to the ASEAN USAID standard in 1987, becausethe total power per year is not proportional to the existing building area. The lighting strength value after the recommendation is according tothe standard by replacing the lamp with a large lumen value, while in the cooling system the calculation of the BTUH requirement for eachroom is compared to the BTU AC (Air conditioner).
Analisis Manuver Penyulang Selecta untuk Menjaga Nilai Keandalan Sistem Distribusi di PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Batu
Authors: Sukamdi  , Awan Setiawan  , Heri Sungkowo
Published: March 2023

PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Batu, The Selecta feeder is one of the 7 feeders in the distribution system that supplies several areasin PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Batu. In the Selecta feeder themselves, the number of error that occurred from January to November 2020 wasfourteen times, with details of one time temporary error and thirteen times permanent errors. Delegating a portion of the load from feederswhich got error can have an impact on feeders which are working normally. This can cause a voltage drop on the feeder for maneuveringpurposes so that the distribution of electric power becomes less than optimal and requires some other loads to be temporarily transferredto other feeders. Based on the problems that occur, it is necessary to analyze the maneuver to reduce the impact of disruption on TheSelecta feeder and maintain the reliability value of the distribution system at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Batu.
Perencanaan Rekonfigurasi Penyulang Mojoanyar Dengan Pengalihan Beban Ke Penyulang Elkishi Di Daerah Kawasan Industri Mojosari Pada PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Mojokerto
Authors: Mochammad Mieftah  , Heri Sungkowo  , Mudjiono
Published: March 2023

Mojosari is a customer area consisting of industrial customers and high power customers. Currently, the demand for electricalenergy in the area is supported by the Mojoanyar Feeder, which is supplied by the Transformer I Pulling Substation I with a capacity of 30MVA. The reconfiguration of the feeder was carried out for several reasons, one of which was the addition of power from an industrialcustomer in the Mojoanyar Feeder area of PT PLN (Persero) ULP Mojosari, namely PT Sinar Karya Duta Abadi (Arwana). If there is additionalpower, the additional load capacity also increases in a feeder. If the load capacity increases, the current flowing in the conductor alsoincreases. It can be seen from the loading data in February 2021 that the maximum current flowing in the Mojoanyar Feeder during the dayis 210 A, the maximum current flowing in the Mojoanyar Feeder at night is 215 A. And if there is a disturbance near the area, the MojoanyarFeeder will not maneuver because the load is close to the maximum. Therefore, PT PLN (Persero) ULP Mojosari plans a reconfiguration ofthe feeder by transferring the burden of the Mojoanyar feeder.The analysis was carried out using the simulation program ETAP Power Station12.6.0. and manual calculations according to standards. After being reconfigured, the Mojoanyar Feeder experienced a decrease in the valueof the voltage drop from 8.78% to 7.86%. Mojoanyar feeders experienced a decrease in losses of 5.84% compared to before thereconfiguration of 10.4%
Synthesis and cloning of long repeat sequences using single-stranded circular DNA
Authors: Bhuiyan Afsana , Asakawa Shuichi
Published: March 2023

Non-coding repeat expansion causes several neurodegenerative diseases, such as fragile X syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia, and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA31). Such repetitive sequences must be investigated to understand disease mechanisms and prevent them, using novel approaches. However, synthesizing repeat sequences from synthetic oligonucleotides is challenging as they are unstable, lack unique sequences, and exhibit propensity to make secondary structures. Synthesizing long repeat sequence using polymerase chain reaction is often difficult due to lack of unique sequence. Here, we employed a rolling circle amplification technique to obtain seamless long repeat sequences using tiny synthetic single-stranded circular DNA as template. We obtained 2.5–3 kbp uninterrupted TGGAA repeats, which is observed in SCA31, and confirmed it using restriction digestion, Sanger and Nanopore sequencing. This cell-free, in vitro cloning method may be applicable for other repeat expansion diseases and be used to produce animal and cell culture models to study repeat expansion diseases in vivo and in vitro.
Storage and diffusion of CO2 in covalent organic frameworks—A neural network-based molecular dynamics simulation approach
Authors: Kriesche Bernhard M. , Kronenberg Laura E. , Purtscher Felix R. S. , Hofer Thomas S.
Published: March 2023

As a consequence of the accelerated climate change, solutions to capture, store and potentially activate carbon dioxide received increased interest in recent years. Herein, it is demonstrated, that the neural network potential ANI-2x is able to describe nanoporous organic materials at approx. density functional theory accuracy and force field cost, using the example of the recently published two- and three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks HEX-COF1 and 3D-HNU5 and their interaction with CO2 guest molecules. Along with the investigation of the diffusion behaviour, a wide range of properties of interest is analyzed, such as the structure, pore size distribution and host-guest distribution functions. The workflow developed herein facilitates the estimation of the maximum CO2 adsorption capacity and is easily generalizable to other systems. Additionally, this work illustrates, that minimum distance distribution functions can be a highly useful tool in understanding the nature of interactions in host-gas systems at the atomic level.
Serological surveillance on potential Plasmodium vivax exposure risk in a post-elimination setting
Authors: Huang Fang , Cui Yanwen , Huang Zhuoying , Wang Siqi , Li Shigang , Guo Xiangrui , Guo Xiang , Xia Zhi-Gui
Published: March 2023

China was declared malaria free in June of 2021. In the post-elimination setting, vigilant surveillance is essential to sustain malaria free status. Serological surveillance has been recognized as an efficient tool for assessing the immunity levels and exposure risk in a population. In this study, a cross-sectional serological survey was conducted in Yingjiang County, China, in August–September, 2021. The study sites were villages along the borders with Myanmar, which have no local transmission since the last indigenous case registered in 2016. A total of 923 participants from six villages were enrolled. The majority was aged > 36 years (56.12%) and 12.46% (115/923) participants had experienced malaria infection at least once. A magnetic- bead-based assay was used to test antibodies against Plasmodium vivax antigen PvMSP-119 to evaluate the prevalence of antibody positive subjects. A reversible catalytic model was used to assess the risk of exposure. The prevalence of anti-PvMSP-119 IgG was 12.84% [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.22%–16.47%], 13.93% (95% CI: 10.11%–17.74%), and 3.57% (95% CI: 1.40%–5.75%) in three different line-of-defense areas, which differed significantly (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of anti-PvMSP-119 IgG increased with age and no statistically significant difference was detected between the sexes. The reversible catalytic model indicated that the seropositive conversion rate and seronegative reversion rate were 0.0042, 0.0034, 0.0032 and 0.0024, 0.0004, 0.0065 in the first-, second-line-of-defense area and total areas, respectively, and the fitted value did not differ significantly from the observed value (P > 0.1). Although this study found the prevalence of antibody-positive subjects and the seroconversion rate in this post-elimination setting were lower than that in transmission setting, the population still had an exposure risk. Serological surveillance should be considered in post-elimination settings to provide valuable information with which to evaluate the risk of malaria re-establishment.
Grammatical skills of Dutch children with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome in comparison with children with Developmental Language Disorder: Evidence from spontaneous language and standardized assessment
Authors: Boerma Tessel , Everaert Emma , Vlieger Dinte , Steggink Maaike , Selten Iris , Houben Michiel , Vorstman Jacob , Gerrits Ellen , Wijnen Frank
Published: March 2023

Background

Virtually all children with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) experience language difficulties, next to other physical and psychological problems. However, the grammatical skills of children with 22q11DS are relatively unexplored, particularly in naturalistic settings. The present research filled this gap, including two studies with different age groups in which standardized assessment was complemented with spontaneous language analysis. In both studies, we compared children with 22q11DS to children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), for whom the origin of language difficulties is unknown.

Methods

The first study included 187 preschool children (n = 44 with 22q11DS, n = 65 with DLD, n = 78 typically developing; TD). Standardized assessment consisted of grammar and vocabulary measures in both expressive and receptive modality. Spontaneous language during a play session was analyzed for a matched subsample (n = 27 per group). The second study included 29 school-aged children (n = 14 with 22q11DS, n = 15 with DLD). We administered standardized tests of receptive vocabulary and expressive grammar, and elicited spontaneous language with a conversation and narrative task. In both studies, spontaneous language measures indexed grammatical accuracy and complexity.

Results

Spontaneous language analysis in both studies did not reveal significant differences between the children with 22q11DS and peers with DLD. The preschool study showed that these groups produced less complex and more erroneous utterances than TD children, who also outperformed both groups on the standardized measures, with the largest differences in expressive grammar. The children with 22q11DS scored lower on the receptive language tests than the children with DLD, but no differences emerged on the expressive language tests.

Discussion

Expressive grammar is weak in both children with 22q11DS and children with DLD. Skills in this domain did not differ between the groups, despite clear differences in etiology and cognitive capacities. This was found irrespective of age and assessment method, and highlights the view that there are multiple routes to (impaired) grammar development. Future research should investigate if interventions targeting expressive grammar in DLD also benefit children with 22q11DS. Moreover, our findings indicate that the receptive language deficits in children with 22q11DS exceed those observed in DLD, and warrant special attention.
Quantitative evaluation of gastrocnemius medialis mass in patients with chronic heart failure by gray-scale ultrasound and shear wave elastography
Authors: Yao Qiyu , Zhang Yinglun , Wu Jun , Shu Hua , Ye Xinhua , Li Ao
Published: March 2023

Objective

To assess the usefulness of gray-scale ultrasound (US) and shear wave elastography (SWE) in assessing the condition of the skeletal muscles in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).

Methods

We prospectively compared 20 patients with clinically diagnosed CHF and a control population of 20 normal volunteers. The gastrocnemius medialis (GM) of each individual in the rest and the contraction position was assessed using gray-scale US and SWE. The quantitative US parameters including the fascicle length (FL), pinnation angle (PA), echo intensity (EI), and Young's modulus of the muscle were measured.

Results

In the CHF group compared with the control group, in the rest position, there was a significant difference in EI, PA, and FL of the GM (P < 0.001), but no statistically significant difference in Young's modulus values (P > 0.05); however, in the contraction position, all parameters were statistically different between the two groups (P < 0.001). In the different subgroups of the CHF group grouped according to New York Heart Association staging (NYHA) or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), there were no significant differences in ultrasound parameters in the rest position. However, during the contraction of GM, the smaller the FL and Young's modulus, the larger the PA and EI with the increase of NYHA grade or the decrease of LVEF (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The gray-scale US and SWE can provide an objective assessment of skeletal muscle status for CHF patients and are expected to be used to guide their early rehabilitation training and improve their prognosis.
Polymeric prosthetic heart valves: A review of current technologies and future directions
Authors: Singh Sameer K. , Kachel Mateusz , Castillero Estibaliz , Xue Yingfei , Kalfa David , Ferrari Giovanni , George Isaac
Published: March 2023

Valvular heart disease is an important source of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Current prosthetic valve replacement options, such as bioprosthetic and mechanical heart valves are limited by structural valve degeneration requiring reoperation or the need for lifelong anticoagulation. Several new polymer technologies have been developed in recent years in the hope of creating an ideal polymeric heart valve substitute that overcomes these limitations. These compounds and valve devices are in various stages of research and development and have unique strengths and limitations inherent to their properties. This review summarizes the current literature available for the latest polymer heart valve technologies and compares important characteristics necessary for a successful valve replacement therapy, including hydrodynamic performance, thrombogenicity, hemocompatibility, long-term durability, calcification, and transcatheter application. The latter portion of this review summarizes the currently available clinical outcomes data regarding polymeric heart valves and discusses future directions of research.
Microfabrication approaches for oral research and clinical dentistry
Authors: Tiozzo-Lyon Paola , Andrade Matías , Leiva-Sabadini Camila , Morales José , Olivares Antonia , Ravasio Andrea , Aguayo Sebastian
Published: March 2023

Currently, a variety of laboratory tools and strategies have been developed to investigate in vivo processes using in vitro models. Amongst these, microfabrication represents a disruptive technology that is currently enabling next-generation biomedical research through the development of complex laboratory approaches (e.g., microfluidics), engineering of micrometer scale sensors and actuators (micropillars for traction force microscopy), and the creation of environments mimicking cell, tissue, and organ-specific contexts. Although microfabrication has been around for some time, its application in dental and oral research is still incipient. Nevertheless, in recent years multiple lines of research have emerged that use microfabrication-based approaches for the study of oral diseases and conditions with micro- and nano-scale sensitivities. Furthermore, many investigations are aiming to develop clinically relevant microfabrication-based applications for diagnostics, screening, and oral biomaterial manufacturing. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize the current application of microfabrication techniques in oral sciences, both in research and clinics, and to discuss possible future applications of these technologies for in vitro studies and practical patient care. Initially, this review provides an overview of the most employed microfabrication methods utilized in biomedicine and dentistry. Subsequently, the use of micro- and nano-fabrication approaches in relevant fields of dental research such as endodontic and periodontal regeneration, biomaterials research, dental implantology, oral pathology, and biofilms was discussed. Finally, the current and future uses of microfabrication technology for clinical dentistry and how these approaches may soon be widely available in clinics for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of relevant pathologies are presented.
Integrating circular economy into STEM education: A promising pathway toward circular citizenship development
Authors: Nguyen Thi Phuoc Lai
Published: March 2023

The young generation is expected to address current development challenges. The main challenge of sustainable development is the problem of waste management and recycling. To promote long-term sustainability, it is crucial to equip youth with contemporary knowledge and skills and to change their daily habits. The Circular Economy (CE) has become a key concept in responding to unsustainable resource use and waste management globally. At the same time, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) education is an innovative teaching approach to promote learners’ capacity for self-direction, problem-solving, collaboration, and management. This paper argues the role of STEM education in connecting science with society, the benefits of teaching CE in promoting sustainable consumption and production behaviors, and the potential integration of CE into STEM education through real-world context inquiry and real-world problem-solving. It also presents the case of Vietnam, where integration of STEM education and CE in secondary schools is crucial for a CE toward sustainable development. Questionnaire surveys with 873 secondary school teachers and semi-structured interviews with 54 were conducted during the integrated STEM professional trainings. The aims were to examine teachers’ perspectives on the relevance of STEM education and CE to sustainable development and their behaviors toward integrating CE concepts into daily STEM teaching activities. The findings showed a high perception of STEM teachers on the relevance of CE with STEM teaching, the Vietnam context, its interestingness, and the importance of integrating CE into STEM education. Surveyed teachers have also voluntarily integrated development issues and CE principles into STEM teaching. Including CE in STEM education in secondary education offers a promising opportunity to foster more profound societal change toward sustainable development, which contributes to SDG4 — equitable and quality education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles and SDG 12.5 — reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse.
The fast globalizing gendered construction of teacher education: A critical feminist research policy analysis of the contemporary reform movement
Authors: Mooney Simmie Geraldine
Published: March 2023

Gendered narratives of teacher education often rely on research studies that examine the living contradictions of practice in a fast globalizing educational reform ensemble. Here, I argue that it is equally important for women in the academy of teacher education to conduct critical feminist research into the gendered construction of teacher education in macro policy landscapes to reveal, challenge, and change the new hegemonic masculinities at play in higher education in contemporary times. In this study, I conduct a critical feminist scrutiny of this macro policy problem, structures, strictures, and cultural symbols that increasingly contain the gendered construction of teacher education in an ecosystem in higher education imbued with patriarchy and elite conservativism. I selected for scrutiny two recent OECD policy texts, concerned with the problem of inclusion and the framing of gendered relations. A critical feminist discourse analysis of the policy documents in relation to the problem of gender justice shows that the gendered construction of teacher education in this fast globalizing reform ensemble fails to trouble a new consciousness for egalitarian gender relations. The study found that constraints and failures can be explained, if not fully, by the privileging of new hegemonic masculinities in the framing of teacher education at the macro policy level. My argument is centered on a reflexive view of teacher education as an academic and ethical study of human development and change that needs to foreground egalitarian gender relations for emancipatory practices that can offer hope and solidarity in transformative ways that can inspire deep learning and deep democracy.