bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NAMPT/SIRT1 Attenuate Ang II-Induced Vascular Remodeling and Vulnerability to Hypertension by Inhibiting the ROS/MAPK Pathway
Authors: Zhou Lei , Zhang Sheng , Bolor-Erdene Enkhbat , Wang Lingwei , Tian Ding , Mei Yunqing
Published: December 2020

Hypertension is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling, and rearrangement of the extracellular matrix. Besides, the pathogenesis of hypertension is closely related to excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate-limiting enzyme in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis that influences the activity of NAD-dependent enzymes, such as sirtuins, which possess NAD-dependent protein deacetylase activity and cleave NAD during the deacetylation cycle. Recently, NAMPT has been shown to play a crucial role in various diseases associated with oxidative stress. However, the function and regulation of NAMPT in hypertension have not been extensively explored. In the present study, we identified NAMPT as a crucial regulator of hypertension, because NAMPT expression was significantly downregulated in both patients with hypertension and experimental animals. NAMPT knockout (NAMPT+/-) mice exhibited a significantly higher blood pressure and ROS levels after stimulation with angiotensin II (Ang II) than wild-type mice, and the administration of recombinant human NAMPT (rhNAMPT) reversed this effect. In vivo, overexpression of NAMPT protected against angiotensin II- (Ang II-) induced hypertension by inhibiting ROS production via sirtuin 1 in mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) and mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (MOVAs). In turn, NAMPT alleviated the ROS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In conclusion, NAMPT might be a novel biomarker and a therapeutic target in hypertension.
On the Approximation Properties of
q
−
Analogue Bivariate
λ
-Bernstein Type Operators
Authors: Aliaga Edmond , Baxhaku Behar
Published: December 2020

In this article, we establish an extension of the bivariate generalization of the

q

-Bernstein type operators involving parameter

λ

and extension of GBS (Generalized Boolean Sum) operators of bivariate

q

-Bernstein type. For the first operators, we state the Volkov-type theorem and we obtain a Voronovskaja type and investigate the degree of approximation by means of the Lipschitz type space. For the GBS type operators, we establish their degree of approximation in terms of the mixed modulus of smoothness. The comparison of convergence of the bivariate

q

-Bernstein type operators based on parameters and its GBS type operators is shown by illustrative graphics using MATLAB software.
Amphiphilic Polymer-Modified Uniform CuFeSe2 Nanoparticles for CT/MR Dual-Modal Imaging
Authors: Wu Min , Fu Shaozhi , Shu Jian , Yu Kequan
Published: December 2020

Recently, magnetic photothermal nanomaterials have attracted much attention in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In this study, we developed the ultrasmall magnetic CuFeSe2 nanoparticles for CT/MR dual-modal imaging. By controlling the reaction time and condition, CuFeSe2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple directly aqueous method. After modification with copolymer methoxy polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (MPEG-PCL), the obtained MPEG-PCL@CuFeSe2 nanoparticles showed excellent water solubility, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility. In addition, they also exhibited superparamagnetism and X-ray’s characteristics. For these properties, they will become ideal nanomaterials for CT/MR dual-modal imaging.
Bioavailability and Solubility of Heavy Metals and Trace Elements during Composting of Cow Manure and Tree Litter
Authors: Reyes Pinto Kelvin , Meza-Contreras Víctor , Alegre-Orihuela Julio César , Réategui-Romero Warren
Published: December 2020

Objectives. To characterize the total content of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and trace elements (As and Se) of interest, their bioavailability and solubility during the composting of cow manure and tree litter in piles inoculated with beneficial microorganism (IBM), or not inoculated (NBM), on the university campus of the Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM). Methods. The investigation evaluated composting in six piles, three IBM piles and three NBM piles, for 120 days. Every 30 days, a composite sample was taken from each pile. The raw materials used were cattle manure and tree litter. The variables analyzed were the total concentrations (content) of metals and trace elements of interest, extracted with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid/pentatetic acid (DTPA) (for the bioavailability study) and extracted with deionized water (for the solubility study). Results. The average values (n = 3) of the total content (mg·kg−1) on day 120 in IBM were in the following order: Zn (404.33) > Cu (86.33) > Pb (71.2) > Cr (34.33) > As (28.0) > Ni (13.83) > Mo (2.86) > Se (1.38) > Cd (1.32) > Hg (0.39) and in NBM: Zn (466.0) > Cu (112.23) > Pb (73.23) > Cr (35.33) > As (29.67) > Ni (14.37) > Mo (3.23) > Se (1.55) > Cd (1.38) > Hg (0.38). The values complied with the Austrian Compost Standard for Landscaping and Land Rehabilitation and the Peruvian Standard for Nonorganic Agriculture. Significant differences were observed in some elements (

p

 < 0.05) between 0 and 120 days in both types of pile (IBM and NBM). Conclusions. For nonorganic agriculture in Peru, urban compost is recommended, whereby raw organic materials are inoculated with beneficial microorganisms during the composting process to reduce the bioavailability of Cu and Zn, as these elements showed less bioavailability than noninoculated piles. The composting process for both piles (IBM and NBM) reduced the solubility in Cu, Pb, and Zn.
Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of Water Pollution and the Cause of Pollution Formation in a Heavily Polluted River in the Upper Hai River
Authors: Meng Chunfang , Song Xiaoyu , Tian Kening , Ye Bingxiao , Si Tianxiu
Published: December 2020

Blackening and odorization of heavily polluted rivers has become a serious concern and threat to ecological and human health. This paper aims to gain a deeper understanding of changes in water pollution and the cause of pollution formation in a heavily polluted river in the upper Hai River. In this study, comprehensive water quality index (CWQI) and multivariate statistical techniques (MSTs) were applied to assess the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of water pollution and to identify potential pollution sources. The seasonal Mann–Kendall (SMK) test and the SMK test of flow-adjusted concentrations were effectively used to explore the temporal variation trends of major pollutants and the causes of their formation. Data of 15 water quality parameters were analyzed during 1980–2018 at 19 monitoring sites in the mainstream and major tributaries of the Xinxiang Section of the Wei River (XSWR). The results showed that the rivers were seriously polluted from 1991 to 2009, but the water quality improved after 2010. Nineteen sampling sites were divided into a low pollution region and a high pollution region. In the flood season, the pollution sources were mainly domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural runoff, biochemical pollution, and natural sources. In the nonflood season, the pollution sources were mainly domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. In recent years, the water quality of seriously polluted river has generally improved, mainly due to reductions in pollutant discharge from point sources and nonpoint sources.
Bergenin Attenuates Hepatic Fibrosis by Regulating Autophagy Mediated by the PPAR-γ/TGF-β Pathway
Authors: Xia Yujing , Li Jingjing , Chen Kan , Feng Jiao , Guo Chuanyong
Published: December 2020

Liver fibrosis is a pathological process involving diffuse extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the liver. It is typical of many chronic liver diseases, including cirrhosis, and effective drugs are needed. In this study, we explored the protective effect of bergenin on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride and bile duct ligation. A variety of molecular biological methods (qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry) were employed to confirm the increased degree of hepatocyte injury and ECM formation in the disease model, consistent with autophagy and activation of the TGF-β pathway. Bergenin activated PPAR-γ and inhibited TGF-β and autophagy and decreased liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatocyte necrosis and ECM formation in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that bergenin may be a promising drug candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption in a Patient with Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Baaniya Bibisha , Agrawal Sudha
Published: December 2020

Haemorrhagic crusted lesions over pre-existing pemphigus vulgaris erosions should arouse suspicion of Kaposi varicelliform eruption (KVE). Immediate treatment with antivirals helps to prevent mortality and morbidities. Here, we report a case of a 67-year-old male who developed haemorrhagic crusted lesions on pre-existing pemphigus lesions during his hospital stay and obtained almost 90% resolution of cutaneous lesions of Pemphigus vulgaris as well as Kaposi varicelliform eruption within 2 weeks of acyclovir treatment along with the continuation of systemic steroids. We also highlight the review of the literature of other reported cases with its management.
Schwannoma of the Base of the Tongue: A Case Report of a Rare Disease and Review of Literatures
Authors: Haider Mohd. Yusuf , Rahim Manjur , Bashar N. M. K. , Hossain Md. Zakir , Islam Sk Md Jaynul
Published: December 2020

Background. Schwannoma is a benign nerve sheath tumor. It was first identified by Virchow in 1908. These tumors can emerge from any nerve covered with a Schwann cell sheath, including the cranial nerves (with the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves), the spinal nerves, and the autonomous nervous system (Harada H, Omura K and Maeda A, 2001). Case Presentation. A 28-year-old male farmer presented with a swelling at the right side of the base of tongue extending into the oral tongue. It was identified incidentally by his newly married wife while he was yawning. It was asymptomatic. The patient had no difficulty in chewing, swallowing, or phonation and also no sensory or taste abnormalities. The tongue movements were normal. Conclusions. Diagnosis of schwannoma should be considered for a smooth, painless, firm swelling in the tongue. A schwannoma of the tongue may grow large enough before producing any symptom. Around 25–40% of schwannoma happen within the head and neck region, and among these, 1-12% occurs in the oral cavity, most regularly the tongue or mouth floor. Schwannoma of the tongue does not show any age or sex predisposition. It usually presents as a painless lump in the tongue, but when it grows larger than 3.0 cm, it may produce dysphagia, pain, or discomfort and change in the quality of voice. Here, we report a case of large (

4
 
cm
×
3
 
cm

) asymptomatic schwannoma of the tongue in a 28-year-old male patient and review the literature available during the last 61 years.
Anomalous Fluctuation of Halogens in Relation to the Pollution Status along Lake Mariout, Egypt
Authors: El-Said Ghada F. , El Zokm Gehan M. , El Sayed Abeer A. , El Ashmawy Ahmed A. , Shreadah Mohamed A.
Published: December 2020

This paper aimed to study the anomalous fluctuation of halogens with respect to the pollution status in surface water (w), pore water (p), and sediments (s) of Lake Mariout. It provided a framework for understanding the distribution of dissolved and precipitated halogen salts related to the pollution status of the lake. The study cleared out that bromide was only the most abundant halogen in the three studied partitions. On contrast, sediment’s partition contained the lowest chloride content. Fluoride minerals, especially, fluorapatites and carbonate-fluorapatite (FAP and CFAP), had high Saturation Index (SI) values in surface water (42.77–51.95 and 16.04–60.89, respectively) and in pore water (51.26–54.60 and 17.52–78.33, respectively). Bromide and chloride were mainly found in the soluble forms in the surface water and pore waters. Iodide salts, (Ca(IO3)2 and Ca(IO3)2.6H2O), were moderately precipitated in surface and pore waters. Thus, SI content reflected that halogens, especially fluoride and iodide, played a vital role in reducing lake pollution. Fluorite (CaF2) and sellaïte (MgF2) could only be formed in pore water, while calcite and aragonite could be deposited from surface water. In addition, Cl was mainly found in the forms of NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, and KCl in surface and pore waters. The multivariate analysis revealed that fluoride precipitate may serve in decreasing the dissolved salt pollution. Multivariate analysis showed that in the long run, the fluoride precipitation in FAP and CFAP can significantly adsorb and absorb various pollutants and can protect the lake from pollution. The ecological risk assessment conducted by calculating the enrichment factor (EF) showed that the lake was still unpolluted. Regarding human health risks, at appropriate levels of human health and safety, the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) of halogens found to be lower than these reported levels. Hence, ingestion and dermal absorption routes of halogens by surface water and sediments did not pose any adverse effects to population reflecting uncontaminated status of Lake Mariout.
Risk Factors Associated with Helminthic Intestinal Infection in Lurambi Subcounty, Kakamega, Kenya
Authors: Kiiti Ruth W. , Omukunda Elizabeth N. , Korir Jackson C.
Published: December 2020

Background. Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and schistosome infections have been known to be major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan countries. School aged and preschool children are known to be at high risk of infection. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths among school-going children in Lurambi Subcounty, Kakamega, Kenya. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted from Jan 2020 to Feb 2020 among 392 randomly selected primary school-going children aged 5 to 14 years old in six primary schools. Risk factors associated with STH infection were obtained using a structured questionnaire answered by the children’s caregivers. Stool samples were examined using the standard quantitative Kato-Katz technique. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and Epi Info version 7.2.3.1. Result. A total of 278 children provided stool samples for analysis. The overall prevalence of intestinal helminths was 14.4% (40/278). The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides was 11.5% (32/278), 0.4% (1/278) for hookworm, 0.4% (1/278) for Trichuris trichiura, and 2.1% (6/278) for Schistosoma mansoni; coinfection was detected in 0.4% (1/278). The intensity of infection ranged between light and moderate. Significant risk factors for STH infection included failure to wash hands before eating (OR: 3.529;

P
=
0.041

), failure to wash fruits and vegetables before eating (OR: 2.3129;

P
=
0.005

), and not washing hands after soil contact (OR: 2.1529;

P
=
0.005

). Age (

Z
=
2.4006

,

P
=
0.0164

) was a risk factor only for infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Conclusion. Preventive chemotherapy and proper hygienic and sanitation practices should be integrated to achieve elimination of STH and Schistosoma mansoni in Lurambi Subcounty and at large in Kenya.
Estimation of Leaf Water Use Efficiency Threshold Values for Water Stress in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Xinqiang Qiu , Yushun Zhang , Haixia Qin , Min Wang , Yanping Wang , Haochen Yang , Zhenguang Lu
Published: December 2020

Drought significantly threatens crop productivity and food security worldwide. However, the severity of drought is predicted to increasingly intensify in the future. To provide an antidrought strategy for farmers and breeders, the response of stomatal behavior of crops to water stress should be well studied. In this study, a lysimeter experiment was conducted to study the relationship between gas exchange parameters and grain yields of winter wheat. Light, moderate, and severe drought levels were imposed at seedling, jointing, heading, and filling stages. The results showed that crop evapotranspiration (ETc, mm) of winter wheat during the entire growing season was limited by drought imposed at any growth stage, and ETc under severe drought treatment was always the lowest. The stomatal limitation value had a significant linear correlation with the stomatal conductance (Gs, μmol mol H2O m–2 s–1) and transpiration rate (Tr, mmol H2O m–2 s–1). Light and moderate drought levels at the seedling stage did not generate irreversible physiological stress on wheat plants, while severe drought at any growth stage caused significant reduction in gas exchange parameters and grain yields. Theoretical threshold values of leaf water use efficiency (WUEl) for light, moderate, and severe drought levels were 2.62, 3.36, and 4.11 μmol mmol–1, respectively. The threshold values are useful to provide theoretical reference for achieving smart irrigation in the North China Plain.
Jacobian Nonsingularity in Nonlinear Symmetric Conic Programming Problems and Its Application
Authors: Wang Yun , Kong Dezhou
Published: December 2020

This paper considers the nonlinear symmetric conic programming (NSCP) problems. Firstly, a type of strong sufficient optimality condition for NSCP problems in terms of a linear-quadratic term is introduced. Then, a sufficient condition of the nonsingularity of Clarke’s generalized Jacobian of the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) system is demonstrated. At last, as an application, this property is used to obtain the local convergence properties of a sequential quadratic programming- (SQP-) type method.
Dioscin Improves Pyroptosis in LPS-Induced Mice Mastitis by Activating AMPK/Nrf2 and Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ran Xin , Zhang Yan , Yang Yuanxi , Hu Guiqiu , Liu Juxiong , Hou Shuang , Guo Wenjin , Kan Xingchi , Fu Shoupeng
Published: December 2020

Dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, but its protective mechanism against mastitis is still unknown. NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis play important roles in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, including mastitis. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of dioscin on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced mastitis in vivo and in vitro and its mechanism of action. In vivo experiments, dioscin can reduce the inflammatory lesions and neutrophil motility in mammary tissue. Moreover, dioscin also can reduce the production of proinflammatory factors such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS-induced mice mastitis. In vitro experiments, the results showed that dioscin inhibited the inflammatory response and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, but the survival rate of mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) induced by LPS+ATP is increased. Subsequently, the experiment convinces that dioscin can reduce LPS+ATP-induced mMEC pyroptosis by adding Ac-DEVD-CHO (a caspase-3 inhibitor). Further mechanistic studies demonstrate that dioscin can activate AMPK/Nrf2 to inhibit NLRP3/GSDMD-induced mMEC pyroptosis. In summary, this paper reveals a novel function of dioscin on mMEC pyroptosis and provides a new potential therapy of dioscin for the treatment and prevention of mastitis.
Research on Multipoint Leak Location of Gas Pipeline Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Relative Entropy
Authors: Hao Yongmei , Du Zhanghao , Jiang Juncheng , Xing ZhiXiang , Yan Xinming , Wang Shuli , Rao Yongchao
Published: December 2020

Pipeline leak detection has always been a relatively difficult technical problem; especially in urban pipeline leak detection, there are still many problems to be solved. A multipoint leak detection and location method for urban gas pipelines based on variational mode decomposition and relative entropy was proposed. Firstly, the experiment pipeline system was built, and the original signal was collected by acoustic emission technology; then, a variational model method was used to decompose the signal to obtain multiple intrinsic mode function (IMF) components with different characteristic scales. According to the characteristics of relative entropy, each component was analyzed, the appropriate IMF component was selected, and the selected component was reconstructed to obtain the observation signal. The multipoint leakage location model of the urban gas pipeline was established. The number of source signals was estimated by singular value decomposition, and the leakage signals were separated; finally, the accurate location of leakage point was achieved by cross-correlation positioning. The results showed that the average relative error of the pipeline leak location results is 2.97%, and the leak location accuracy is significantly improved, achieving the purpose of precise location.
Factors Affecting Hypertension in the Adult Population of the Marmara Region, Turkey: A Descriptive Field Study
Authors: Göktaş Olgun , Şentürk Tunay , Ersoy Canan
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Hypertension is an increasingly prevalent global public health problem. Nutritional culture and lifestyle are among the factors related to hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and influential factors of hypertension in the adult population of the Marmara region, Turkey. Methods. The study was conducted in 10 provinces in the Marmara region between June 01, 2018, and November 30, 2018. Participants included 2353 patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with hypertension by any of the 30 family physicians working in the Family Health Centers in these provinces. After the participants provided written consent, a survey consisting of 25 questions was administered by their family physicians. SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, United States) was used for all statistical analysis calculations. Results. The patients included 1449 females (61.6%) and 904 males (38.4%). Among the respondents, 1555 (73.1%) had primary hypertension etiology and 572 (26.9%) had secondary etiology. While 1614 patients (68.6%) did not exercise at all, 739 patients (31.4%) reported exercising; 1026 patients (43.9%) did not restrict salt in their diet; and 1134 patients (48.2%) had a family history of hypertension. Conclusion. Since individual and environmental factors affect the etiology of hypertension, it is recommended that family physicians address these factors first as part of a holistic approach for hypertension prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.
Isto é um roçar de mãos? Sobre dois livros (e um artigo) escritos em dupla
Authors: Bastos Mariana Cobuci Schmidt , Negri Lucas Rodrigues
Published: December 2020

A poeta Ana Martins Marques publicou dois livros escritos em dupla: Duas janelas (em 2016), com Marcos Siscar, e Como se fosse a casa (uma correspondência) (em 2017), com Eduardo Jorge – o primeiro deles, dentro de uma coleção da editora Luna Parque dedicada exclusivamente a publicações como essas. Não são apenas livros de autoria compartilhada, mas o resultado do envio de poemas entre os autores, o que os aproxima de diálogos ou trocas de cartas, embora não sejam definíveis dessa forma. Este artigo investiga tal dinâmica de encontro, com suas questões próprias, singularidades e diferenças em relação a outros gêneros e outras práticas de compartilhamento autoral.
MEWEMWWM
Authors: Contrucci Maria Clara
Published: December 2020

O trabalho é um jogo de possibilidades semânticas geradas a partir do gesto de estender 3 dedos, em uma correspondência entre o corpo e a letra.  O gesto pode representar a letra M, W ou E, dependendo da direção que é visto. Através das possibilidades gráficas do gesto e da letra, penso a idéia de encontro.  ME e WE, eu e nós, se apresentam como as possíveis palavras a serem formadas por uma mesma grafia. 
Acesso ao vídeo: https://vimeo.com/472420724
Drummond e a associação brasileira de escritores: desencontros e rupturas
Authors: Bortoloti Marco Marcelo
Published: December 2020

Nos anos 1930 e 1940, o poeta Carlos Drummond de Andrade viveu sua fase de maior engajamento político, aproximando-se do Partido Comunista e incorporando à sua poesia, antes intimista, temas coletivos e sociais. A partir de 1947, no entanto, esta postura começa a esmorecer, levando o escritor a uma isenção ideológica ou, antes disso, a uma clara aversão a seus antigos companheiros de jornada. Este artigo esmiúça o ponto mais tumultuado deste conflito, que foi a atuação de Drummond junto à Associação Brasileira de Escritores, expondo as oscilações do poeta na sua ação política e, simultaneamente, também em sua obra. A trajetória do autor testemunha os limites da comunhão de escritores em torno de causas coletivas, sobretudo nos períodos de maior tensão político-ideológica.
sociologia de Émile Durkheim e o uso do relativismo
Authors: Quagliato Henrique Costa Valério
Published: December 2020

Visando promover a ampliação do entendimento da obra de Émile Durkheim, o presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o uso do relativismo dentro da sociologia durkheimiana. Em um primeiro momento, investigamos a natureza da utilização dessa ferramenta pelo autor. Entende-se como ela serve à função de delimitação de um objeto próprio a sociologia enquanto ciência que explica o coletivo através do coletivo, não podendo, portanto, analisar a diferença entre fenômenos sociais se não pelas condições sobre as quais as sociedades em questão estão constituídas. Em seguida propomos um mapeamento onde a utilização do relativismo se ancora na metodologia e epistemologia durkheimiana – atrelando a aplicação da ideia a pilares do modo de análise proposto Durkheim, como, por exemplo, as noções de fato social e espécie social, entre outras. A penúltima sessão discorre sobre o lugar do uso do relativismo na delimitação da sociologia e o esforço de diferenciação em relação a outras áreas do conhecimento – com a filosofia. Na conclusão, pensamos sobre a possibilidade do uso do relativismo sem que Durkheim seja visto como relativista: entender a criação de relações entre objetos como forma de explicação da diferença entre sociedades decorre de uma disposição metodológica frente a evidência de análise para a sociologia durkheimiana.
Analysing the position of female Muslims in patriarchal society and their choice of donning hijab amidst socio-political context.
Authors: Mehjabin Syeda Sadia
Published: December 2020

Discourse on Muslim women’s oppression in the context of Muslim and non-Muslim countries discuss on various media and academic debates. These discussions heavily focus on their position in Islamic society, their interpretation within feminism, and larger discussions regarding donning Hijab and Islamophobia. Primarily, the adaptation of Hijab as a garment most of the time refers from religious to social pressure and relates to political ideologies. This article combines the stories and facts beyond those narratives finding identities which are entirely personal when it comes to donning the hijab. This analysis base on the theories ‘Orientalism’, ‘Male gaze’ and books such as Mohanty’s Under Western Eyes,  The Headscarf Controversies by Hilal Elver, Beyond the Veil by Fatema Mernissi, Islam vs Islamism by Peter R Demant, etc and the primary discussion with five students from different Muslim countries living in the UK. Through those discussions, tradition and ethnicity appear as having a significant influence on religious practices. However, factors such as one’s cultural context or geographical location were also discussed as relevant to their decision. This article explores the fact the donning of Hijab or covering oneself should be a woman's personal choice and right and lately, how it becomes a communicative gesture in a public space. Through comparative studies on the adaptation of Hijab in Patriarchal society it explains Muslim woman’s subjectivity towards hijab is not away from political connotations.
feminismo islâmico na transição política da Tunísia: avanços e retrocessos
Authors: Reis Ana Gabriela Costa
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho busca investigar os indícios de avanços nos direitos das mulheres no pós Primavera Árabe da Tunísia, entre os anos de 2010 e 2014, através das categorias analíticas do feminismo islâmico e do pós-colonialismo. Em função da agitação político-social refletida nas grandes manifestações populares clamando por maiores liberdades, e evidenciando um hiato entre os direitos garantidos pelo texto constitucional existente no período precedente à Primavera Árabe, o de 1959, trabalha-se aqui com a hipótese de que essa oportunidade teria sido aproveitada pelas tunisianas, tendo sua lutasimbolizada na nova constituição de 2014. Para tanto, observa-se os trechos constitucionais de 1959 e 2014 e avaliam-se os reflexos das lutas de gênero. Conclui-se que as mulheres obtiveram sucesso em sua luta, ao menos no sentido de terem sido garantidos, na nova constituição, seus direitos e deveres. Além disso, inferiu-se, a partir de seus ganhos, a confirmação de que o feminismo islâmico não deve ser compreendido sob a perspectiva ocidental, uma vez que cada movimento possui suas próprias reivindicações e particularidades.
Província e a ciência nacional: a Comissão Científica de 1859 no Ceará
Authors: Santos Paulo Cesar
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Esta pesquisa busca analisar as experiências e a representações vividas pelos cientistas da Comissão Científica de 1859 em suas investigações na província do Ceará. Criada em 1856 no seio do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro (IHGB), a Comissão Científica de Exploração começaria seus trabalhos em 1859, sendo o Ceará a primeira província a ser explorada. Os intentos de tal comissão se articulavam ao projeto de integração e centralização política que emergia no II Reinado brasileiro (1840-1889). Buscava-se o conhecimento das riquezas nacionais e a criação de uma imagem do país através do saber nacional, sendo a História do Brasil escrita por brasileiros e não mais por viajantes europeus. Saber e poder caminhavam juntos na consolidação política desenvolvida no Brasil imperial.
Idade das Trevas em O Nome da Rosa
Authors: Hulshof Cecília
Published: December 2020

Neste artigo, discutiremos a representação da Idade Média no filme O Nome da Rosa, de Jean-Jacques Annaud. Procuraremos responder, dentre outras questões, de que forma o filme retrata a relação deste período histórico, e principalmente da Igreja, com a ciência e o conhecimento de sua própria época e de épocas anteriores, e deste modo, esclarecer se a imagem da Idade Média transmitida questiona ou reforça a ideia de Idade das Trevas, estabelecida pelo senso comum. A análise destas questões será feita dentro de um debate maior sobre a adequação das mídias visuais à transmissão da História, e, portanto, também como instrumento de ensino.
Sisterly Conflict: Music and Text in Richard Strauss' Elektra (1909)
Authors: Molina David Gomiero
Published: December 2020

This paper undertakes a careful musical and lyrical analysis of Chrysothemis’ first interaction with her sister (“Elektra!/Ich kann nicht sitzen und ins Dunkel starren”) in Richard Strauss and Hugo von Hofmannsthal’s 1909 opera Elektra. The paper’s fundamental claim is that Chrysothemis is portrayed differently by Strauss and Hofmannsthal: where the text brings the sisters together by means of a cross-pollination of images that emphasizes their shared heritage as daughters of Klytämnestra, the music – through abrupt shifts in style, melodic development, and harmony – prefers to present the sisters in diametrically opposing poles with respect to the family tragedy. By way of exploring the tensions between music and text in Elektra, the paper also investigates the ontological status of Klytämnestra’s leitmotifs as they come into view and argues that proper classification of their role – as well as an understanding of leitmotivic perspectivism – is essential in diagnosing an imbalance of power between Elektra and Chrysothemis vis-à-vis the orchestra.
Regente como intérprete: aspectos relevantes da relação regente-obra
Authors: Camargo Luciano
Published: December 2020

Considerando a subjetividade do caráter de integração interpessoal inerente à atividade do regente, bem como sua relação indireta com a efetiva produção sonora, o estudo de sua atuação constitui um dos maiores desafios da área das ciências da performance. Uma vez que as investigações sobre sua natureza tendem a concentrar-se na técnica gestual, este estudo vem propor um enfoque específico nas questões inerentes à relação regente-obra, a partir das quais se revela, de forma mais evidente, a dimensão performativa do regente como intérprete.
A Sonata do Girassol Vermelho: contribuições para a literatura musical para viola
Authors: Cevallos Semitha Heloisa Matos
Published: December 2020

A Sonata do Girassol Vermelho (2019), objeto deste estudo, é a obra mais recente para viola e piano do compositor brasileiro Harry Crowl. Para melhor compreender o lugar que a viola ocupou na história da música, o artigo faz um recorte histórico que tem início no final do séc. XIX/início do XX, quando violistas de países europeus, assim como a Rússia, apresentaram aspirações comuns de tirar a viola de sua, até então, posição de importância secundária, grande parte em razão do pequeno número de solistas em atuação e pouco ou quase nenhum repertório específico para o instrumento. Durante o séc. XX, esse cenário foi modificando-se e os compositores brasileiros passaram a apresentar obras de contribuição significativa para o repertório de viola.
Etnomusicologia
Authors: Nattiez Jean-Jacques , Lacerda Marcos Branda , Coelho Lucas de Lima
Published: December 2020

A etnomusicologia estuda a música de diversos grupos étnicos e comunidades culturais de todo o mundo. Oscilando, ao longo de seu percurso histórico, entre a análise científica de sistemas musicais e a descrição etnográfica de seus contextos socioculturais, a etnomusicologia é não só um ramo da musicologia, como também um ramo da antropologia ou da etnologia. O presente texto apresenta um histórico da etnomusicologia, seus métodos e objetos de pesquisa e descreve o trabalho desempenhado pelo etnomusicólogo.
Virtual flauta doce: projetos de extensão integrados com atividades não presenciais
Authors: Carvalho Isamara Alves , Aguilar Patrícia Michelini , Castelo David
Published: December 2020

O confinamento domiciliar provocado por medidas de controle da transmissão do COVID-19 levou três professores de flauta doce de três universidades federais brasileiras a se unirem num grande projeto de transição para um futuro próximo. Superado o período de angústia, desabafo e compartilhamento de impressões de projetos possíveis, cada um propôs uma abordagem para ser conduzida em plataformas virtuais e respeitando as especificidades dos perfis de pesquisa, extensão e ensino de cada um em suas respectivas universidades. Surgiram, desta forma, os projetos Tocar Junto Virtual - Flauta Doce, Flauta Doce em Sistema e Vida na Flauta. Neste artigo, são apresentados os relatos dos coordenadores destes projetos.
Differences in Healthcare Use Between Patients With Persistent and Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Catheter‐Based Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study From Ontario, Canada
Authors: Ha Andrew C. T. , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Qiu Feng , Henning Kayley , Ahmad Kamran , Angaran Paul , Birnie David H. , Crystal Eugene , Ha Andrew H. , Healey Jeff S. , Leong‐Sit Peter , Makanjee Bhavanesh , Nery Pablo B. , Redfearn Damian P. , Skanes Allan C. , Verma Atul
Published: December 2020

Background

Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing catheter‐based AF ablation have lower success rates than those with paroxysmal AF. We compared healthcare use and clinical outcomes between patients according to their AF subtypes.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients undergoing AF ablation were prospectively identified from a population‐based registry in Ontario, Canada. Via linkage with administrative databases, we performed a retrospective analysis comparing the following outcomes between patients with persistent and paroxysmal AF: healthcare use (defined as AF‐related hospitalizations/emergency room visits), periprocedural complications, and mortality. Multivariable Poisson modeling was performed to compare the rates of AF‐related and all‐cause hospitalizations/emergency room visits in the year before versus after ablation. Between April 2012 and March 2016, there were 3768 consecutive patients who underwent first‐time AF ablation, of whom 1040 (27.6%) had persistent AF. The mean follow‐up was 1329 days. Patients with persistent AF had higher risk of AF‐related hospitalization/emergency room visits (hazard ratio [HR], 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09–1.34), mortality (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.15–2.63), and periprocedural complications (odds ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.02–1.75) than those with paroxysmal AF. In the overall cohort, there was a 48% reduction in the rate of AF‐related hospitalization/emergency room visits in the year after versus before ablation (rate ratio [RR], 0.52; 95% CI, 0.48–0.56). This reduction was observed for patients with paroxysmal (RR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.41–0.50) and persistent (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63–0.87) AF.

Conclusions

Although patients with persistent AF had higher risk of adverse outcomes than those with paroxysmal AF, ablation was associated with a favorable reduction in downstream AF‐related healthcare use, irrespective of AF type.
Predictors of Left Ventricular Scar Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Athletes With Apparently Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Crescenzi Cinzia , Zorzi Alessandro , Vessella Teresina , Martino Annamaria , Panattoni Germana , Cipriani Alberto , De Lazzari Manuel , Perazzolo Marra Martina , Fusco Armando , Sciarra Luigi , Sperandii Fabio , Guerra Emanuele , Tranchita Eliana , Fossati Chiara , Pigozzi Fabio , Sarto Patrizio , Calò Leonardo , Corrado Domenico
Published: December 2020

Background

In athletes with ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and otherwise unremarkable clinical findings, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) may reveal concealed pathological substrates. The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate which VA characteristics predicted CMR abnormalities.

Methods and Results

We enrolled 251 consecutive competitive athletes (74% males, median age 25 [17‐39] years) who underwent CMR for evaluation of VA. We included athletes with >100 premature ventricular beats/24 h or ≥1 repetitive VA (couplets, triplets, or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia) on 12‐lead 24‐hour ambulatory ECG monitoring and negative family history, ECG, and echocardiogram. Features of VA that were evaluated included number, morphology, repetitivity, and response to exercise testing. Left‐ventricular late gadolinium‐enhancement was documented by CMR in 28 (11%) athletes, mostly (n=25) with a subepicardial/midmyocardial stria pattern. On 24‐hour ECG monitoring, premature ventricular beats with multiple morphologies or with right‐bundle‐branch‐block and intermediate/superior axis configuration were documented in 25 (89%) athletes with versus 58 (26%) without late gadolinium‐enhancement (
P
<0.001). More than 3300 premature ventricular beats were recorded in 4 (14%) athletes with versus 117 (53%) without positive CMR (
P
<0.001). At exercise testing, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia occurred at peak of exercise in 8 (29%) athletes with late gadolinium‐enhancement (polymorphic in 6/8, 75%) versus 17 athletes (8%) without late gadolinium‐enhancement (
P
=0.002), (
P
<0.0001). At multivariable analysis, all 3 parameters independently correlated with CMR abnormalities.

Conclusions

In athletes with apparently idiopathic VA, simple characteristics such as number and morphology of premature ventricular beats on 12‐lead 24‐hour ambulatory ECG monitoring and response to exercise testing predicted the presence of concealed myocardial abnormalities on CMR. These findings may help cost‐effective CMR prescription.
Race, Body Mass Index, and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Singleton Matthew J. , German Charles A. , Carnethon Mercedes , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Bertoni Alain G. , Yeboah Joseph
Published: December 2020

Background

Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF), but it is not known whether this relationship varies by race/ethnicity.

Methods and Results

Eligible participants (6739) from MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) were surveilled for incident AF using MESA hospital surveillance, scheduled MESA study ECG, and Medicare claims data. After a median 13.8 years of follow‐up, 970 participants (14.4%) had incident AF. With BMI modeled categorically in a Cox proportional hazards model, only those with grade II and grade III obesity had increased risks of AF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.14–1.98,
P
=0.004 for grade II obesity and HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.48–3.05,
P
<0.0001 for grade III obesity). The relationship between BMI and AF risk was J‐shaped. However, the risk of AF as a function of BMI varied substantially by race/ethnicity (
P
value for interaction=0.02), with Chinese‐American participants having a much higher risk of AF with higher BMI and Black participants having minimal increased risk of AF with higher BMI.

Conclusions

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of incident AF, but the relationship between BMI and the risk of AF is J‐shaped and this relationship differs by race/ethnicity, such that Chinese‐American participants have a more pronounced increased risk of AF with higher BMI, while Black participants have minimal increased risk. Further exploration of the differential effects of BMI by race/ethnicity on cardiovascular outcomes is needed.
Biodiversity hotspot in cold waters: a review of the genus Cuthonella with descriptions of seven new species (Mollusca, Nudibranchia)
Authors: Korshunova Tatiana A. , Sanamyan Nadezhda P. , Sanamyan Karen E. , Bakken Torkild , Lundin Kennet , Fletcher Karin , Martynov Alexander V.
Published: December 2020

Cuthonella Bergh, 1884 is of one of the most neglected nudibranch groups, with a long history of taxonomic confusion with other aeolidacean genera. Owing to its predominantly Arctic distribution with cold water, its species are difficult to find and to collect, and thus to describe. In this study we revise the genus by presenting molecular and morphological data for a majority of the species, including the type, C. abyssicola Bergh, 1884. The material is based on a broad geographic sampling throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Particular emphasis is placed on the Kuril Islands, a diversity hotspot for the genus. Seven new species and two subspecies of Cuthonella are described from the Arctic and North Pacific regions. The number of species of Cuthonella is thus increased over threefold and now comprises 15 species plus two subspecies instead of five species. This work is the most substantial update of the genus Cuthonella since its description in 1884. To delineate taxonomic and phylogenetic limits of Cuthonella-like aeolidaceans, the molecular phylogeny of the wider traditional “tergipedids” is presented and shows that Cuthonella-like aeolidaceans form a distinct molecular clade as the family Cuthonellidae Miller, 1977, corroborated by reliable morphological apomorphies.
Ontogenetic development of chaetotaxy in Tenuipalpidae: a survey with special reference to sexual dimorphism
Authors: GU XIN-YAO , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we provide a comparative survey of ontogenetic development of chaetotaxy in the family Tenuipalpidae, with the aim to compare patterns among species/genera and to discover some general trends. We also want to find gaps within published literature and provide suggestions for future studies. Although we focused on the ontogeny of setal developments, we also reviewed sexual dimorphism in chaetotaxy in the family Tenuipalpidae.
Ontogeny and morphological diversity in immature mites: preface to Part IV
Authors: ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: December 2020

This successful series on mite ontogeny and morphological diversity has published three volumes (Zhang et al. 2018, 2019, 2020). I am happy to announce here the publication of another volume.  This volume consists of seven papers: one on Mesostigmata (Ma et al. 2020), three on Oribatida (Seniczak et al. 2020a,b; Fan et al. 2020) and three on Trombidiformes (Gu et al. 2020; Wu et al. 2020; Xu et al. 2020).). I am grateful to my co-editors (Dr Marut Fuangarworn, Dr Qing-Hai Fan & Dr Tianci Yi) and the reviewers for their support. I also thank all the authors for their contributions.
Ontogenetic changes in the morphology of Neoseiulus barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: MA MIN , ZHANG BIN , FAN QING-HAI , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we studied the morphological ontogeny of Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae) based on specimens collected from Southwest University (Chongqing, China) and reared in laboratory of Shanxi Agriculture University.
O „zwykłych ludziach” na Marszu Niepodległości. Etnografia demonstracji ulicznej
Authors: Rukat Rafał
Published: December 2020

On “Ordinary People” at the Independence March: An Ethnography of a Street DemonstrationThis article provides an overview of the narratives and practices of participants of the Independence March, an annual street demonstration held in Warsaw, organised by nationalist associations. The study attempts to determine whether the event creates a sense of community among the participants and, if so, what kind of community it is: what symbols and values it refers to, how the participants talk about it and how they practise and experience it. O „zwykłych ludziach” na Marszu Niepodległości. Etnografia demonstracji ulicznejTematem artykułu są narracje i praktyki uczestników Marszu Niepodległości – manifestacji ulicznej organizowanej co roku z okazji Święta Niepodległości Polski przez organizacje nacjonalistyczne. Staram się ustalić, czy jej uczestnicy poczuwają się do wspólnoty między sobą i jakiego rodzaju jest to wspólnota – do jakich symboli i wartości się odwołuje, jak się o niej mówi, jak się ją praktykuje i przeżywa.