bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IZAZOVI U IMPLEMENTACIJI ELEKTRONSKIH JAVNIH NABAVKI U CRNOJ GORI
Authors: Mujević Mersad
Published: November 2021

Nove politike u javnim nabavkama su usmjerene na stvaranje javne nabavke koja bi omogućila dobijanje najbolje vrijednosti za novac i pružanje najboljeg alata za ekonomski razvoj, štiteći na taj način transparentnost javnih ugovora. Novi pristup regulisanju javne nabavke zasniva se na uvođenju elektronskih nabavki uz obavezu njene upotrebe za kompletan javni sektor. Elektronska nabavka je u stvari korištenje informacione tehnologije, posebno interneta, od strane Vlade u obavljanju aktivnosti, a koje za posljedicu imaju ugovaranje radova, robe i usluga, a koje su usklađene sa potrebama javnog sektora. Postupci nabavke na ovaj način „razbijaju“ fizičke barijere prostora i vremena i omogućavaju transparentniji i efektivniji protok informacija i lakši pristup informacijama. Informacione tehnologije u osnovi uključuju internet, online ponudu i aukcije, online shopping i e-kataloga. e Nabavka, online je postupak nabavke gdje se automatski snima stanje u realnom vremenu, poboljšava transparentnost i time efekat javnih ugovora. Zahvaljujući dostupnosti internetske tehnologije, poboljšana transparentnost i odgovornost ne dovodi do dodatnih troškova, već upravo suprotno; transparentniji online postupci nabavke donose bolju vrijednost za novac, država ima veću korist za nacionalnu ekonomiju, a time i viši nivo konkurencije na javnih tenderima. Postoji nekoliko ključnih izazova koje Vlada treba da preduzme, a prije sprovođenja odnosno uvođenja elektronskih javnih nabavki. To prije svega uključuje; trošak (zloupotreba ili loše upravljanje), prigovore učesnika (nizak nivo računarske pismenosti, bezbjednost podataka i prevara), reforme u javnim nabavkama (pravna sigurnost, prije svega nacionalna i evropska) kao i jasno definisanje ciljeva (dobra tehnologija rezultati slabi). Ključne riječi: elektronska nabavka, upravljanje, reforme u javnim nabavkama, vrijednost za novac, transparentnost.
BUDUĆNOST RADIJA
Authors: Broćeta Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

Cilj rada je prikazivanje istorijata nastanka i razvoja radija, kao nezamjenjivog medija, koji posjeduje višestruku namjenu u svrhu privlačenja velikog broja korisnika. Progresivan razvoj tehnologije uticao je na raznovrsne mogućnosti korištenja navedenog, elektronskog medija. Paralelno sa povoljnim aspektima upotrebe radija najčešće na korist auditorijuma, može doći do njegovog „iskorjenjivanja“ iz svijesti i navika slušalaca zbog otvaranja velikog broja radio-stanica, koje ne zadovoljavaju kriterijume ozbiljnih slušalaca. Koliko se pažnje poklanja edukaciji novinara, urednika i voditelja na radio-stanicama? Da li pažnju slušalaca privlači pismenost ili nepismenost aktera u vođenju radio-programa? Da li radio-stanice prate tehnološke promjene i inovacije? Da li radijski tehnički uređaji mogu ponijeti i prenijeti kvalitetan zvuk do slušalaca? Koliki je iznos kapitala potreban za pokretanje radio-stanice? Da li zastarjela oprema utiče na rad i plasiranje informacija? Koje radio-stanice nose prioritet u modernizovanju načina rada? Da li će radio kao elektronski medij postati prevaziđen subjekat prenošenja informacija? Odgovor na navedena i niz drugih pitanja, koja će se pojavljivati kroz rad u obrađivanju teme „Budućnost radija“ obrazložiće autor kroz sagledavanje ličnog, radnog iskustva i korištenjem naučne literature, internet izvora i nekoliko primjera iz prakse na frekventnoj teritoriji grada Banja Luka.
PRIKAZ LIDERSTVA U USPEŠNIM INOSTRANIM KOMPANIJAMA
Authors: Gajić Glamočlija Marina
Published: November 2021

U radu se ukazuje na iskustva lidera u poznatim svetskim kompanijama, kao i na metode njihovog delovanja u odnosima sa saradnicima. Ove kompanije vođene svojim liderima pobeđuju u tržišnoj konkurenciji. U njima se pridaje izuzetan značaj liderskim sposobnostima. Vodeće kompanije pobeđuju zahvaljujući sposobnostima njihovih lidera da kontinuirano i konzistentno kreiraju promene i stvaraju još mnogo lidera na svim organizacionim nivoima. Uspešni lideri nikada ne idu lakšim putem, nego se suočavaju sa činjenicama i donose teške odluke. Rizik i napor ih ne zadržavaju i ne usporavaju. Oni tragaju za istinskim uspehom i spremni su da ga podele sa drugima. Odvažnost nije surova, već pravedna, a bez odvažnosti, korisnost postaje važnija od potreba. Među stranim primerima, u radu se ističe uspešna američka kompanija Intel i primer njenog lidera koji je bio primoran da se suoči sa novom realnošću više puta, sprovodeći pri tom radikalne promene sedamdesetih godina, sjajnim poslom pravljenja primarnih memorijskih čipova za kompjutersku industriju.
PRILOG LIDERSKOJ PISMENOSTI: PREZENTACIJA PROJEKTA GLOBE I REZULTATA ISTOČNOEVROPSKOG KLASTERA
Authors: Adžić Slobodan , Milunović Marijana , Jagodić Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

Cilj ovog rada je pregled do sada najveće izvedenog međunarodnog projekta, GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness) projekta, čije nepoznavanje danas označava analfabetizam u teoriji liderstva. Posle elaboriranja osnovnih doprinosa i otkrića projekta GLOBE, akcenat u radu stavljamo na diskusiju interakcija između liderstva, nacionalne i organizacione kulture u istočnoevropskom klasteru projekta, kao najrelevatnijem za domaću teoriju i praksu.
Predicting changes in osmolality
Authors: Yang Zhe , Wang Tongtong , Oka Yuki
Published: November 2021

Two neural circuits control the release of vasopressin in response to eating and drinking before there are any detectable changes in blood water levels.
Transition Periods in the Udmurt Folk Calendar and Their Spirits
Authors:   Institute of Udmurt Philology, Finno-Ugric Studies and Journalism, Glukhova Galina
Published: November 2021

The article investigates the perceptions of time based on lunar and solar cycles, seasonal changes in nature, and the rhythm of agricultural work. The key events of the annual cycle in the Udmurt calendar are winter (vozhodyr/uyvozho) and summer (invozhodyr) solstices. The winter solstice period (vozhodyr, lit: transition time, crossroads / crossroads of time, the time of vozho, the time of evil spirits) and the time of the summer solstice are described. The winter period is dedicated to the winter Christmas period from January 7th to January 19th, and includes the following components: gatherings with songs and games, divination, dressing up, and mumming. The article characterises the most important events, such as mumming and masking, as well as beliefs, rituals and prohibitions connected with the spirits of the transition time. The summer solstice is connected with the image of the Mother/Foremother Invozho (In(‘)vozho-mumy), that descends from heaven to earth at that time of year. During summer solstice period the Udmurt particularly venerated heavenly powers and held calendar festivals (gershyd, gerber, gyron-bydton) in order to glorify blooming nature and peasant farmer’s labour.
About vozho, the Spirit of Transition Time and Formation of Holiness among Udmurt and Komi
Authors:   Estonian Literary Museum, Lintrop Aado
Published: November 2021

This article concentrates on one very central character in Udmurt mythology. It is a character typical of the transitional time around the solstices, an ambiguous and liminal time, which requires particular caution from the humans to protect themselves from dangerous interference from the world beyond. This character, whose name, vozho, appears in the Udmurt name of these periods, vozhodyr, the time of vozho for the winter solstice and invozho, heaven-vozho for the summer solstice, is also a water spirit. I reflect also on other water spirits and on their peculiarities. This analysis leads me to reflect on the origin and the ramifications of the concept behind vozho with its linguistic correlations, the way it is articulated and how it sheds light on the concept of holy in the Permic languages and for the Permians, Udmurt and Komi. This leads me to reflect on the correlations between liminality and holiness, the liminal places and spaces and their value, and the particular characters in the mummery festivities that characterise this transitional winter time and which are connected both to the spirits of the other world and to the dead ancestors, who are among the main providers of well-being in the Udmurt world.
Water Bodies in the Besserman Mythology and Rituals
Authors:   Udmurt Institute for Research in History, Language and Literature (Udmurt Federal Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences), Popova Elena
Published: November 2021

Springs and rivers determine the formation of the sacral landscape of settlements and play a part in the rituals, mythology, traditional world model and space of the Besserman. They serve as essential resources of subsistence, are used domestically and are taken into account when zoning settlements. Besserman villages are located on hills near rivers and large freshwater springs. In the traditional world model, rivers connect different parts of the space, i.e. the upper and lower worlds, upper and lower reaches, sky and earth. Rivers simultaneously serve as natural and mythological borders, functioning as roads both metaphorically and literally. According to popular belief, water from rivers and springs travels to the sky via rainbows, and then falls to earth and into rivers by way of rain and snow. Historically prayers were said and rituals held near rivers from the start of the floating of the ice to the autumn. In summer, they were held only in emergency cases (drought or wet summers). Water from springs had healing properties and was used in folk medicine. Alongside traditional perceptions, the Besserman also have local rituals related to the veneration of springs that are connected with Orthodox and Muslim beliefs and revered saints.
Sound in Udmurt Rituals
Authors:   Udmurt Institute for Research in History, Language and Literature (Udm FRC UB RAS), Nurieva Irina
Published: November 2021

This article is dedicated to the Udmurt’s understanding of the world of sounds, their norms of behaviour towards sound in the acoustic community. The Udmurt sound worldview has been formed under the influence of the surrounding landscape. The peculiar sound of the Forest, that the Udmurt see and hear in their particular way, causes a particular sound reaction and musical approach. According to tradition, the voice of a singing person must fit into the natural soundscape in order to respect acoustic balance. Within the hunting and fishing cults, singing has received the particular function of a magic incantation. The texts of incantatory songs in hunting and in honey producing, are characterised by incantation formulas as well as by different kinds of sound imitations. The collective community ritual singing is one of the most important elements that organise the Udmurt’s soundscape. The acoustic code is integrated in a whole system of ritual practices; it sanctifies the surrounding cultural and natural landscape. The spring-summer half of the year is characterised by a particularly strong intensity of sounds, as in the most significant calendar holiday, the beginning of the agricultural year, Akashka / Byddzh’ym nunal. The rituals of welcoming have their own aesthetics of sound behaviour. According to the Udmurt community’s mentality, the voice of the singing person is not supposed to stand out of the general sound field. Everywhere, the skilful singer occupies a peculiar position on the Udmurt society: they are valued and respected. At the same time, the belief according to which those who are able to sing well are deeply unhappy in life is very widespread. Taking into account that human voice and singing, in the representations of the Udmurt, possessed a huge force and influence on the surrounding world, we may infer that the singer (the skilful singer!) in the ancient society, who mastered this complicated art, had particular authority. It is even possible that at some moments, he/she fulfilled the function of a mediator between the worlds. And similarly to the shaman, the good singer, usto kyrdzh’as’ could not refuse to practice his/her art, this art given him/her by fate. Thus, the Udmurt’s sound worldview is encompassed into an ontological worldview, which sets the rules of behaviour. It requires a proper sound behaviour inside the natural space as well as in the socio-cultural one, and determines the Udmurt’s behaviour not only in their natural environment but also in the urban space.
An Udmurt Flute
Authors:   Udmurt Institute for Research in History, Language and Literature (UdmFITs UrO RAN), Pchelovodova Irina
Published: November 2021

The article gives a complete description of the uz’ygumy, the Udmurt traditional flute. Published articles by Russian researchers and new field material recorded during expeditions between 2004 and 2009 are used as the main sources. For the first time the process of manufacture of the instrument is observed, the territory of its existence is outlined, preferable sizes of the instrument are given, the way of playing and repertoire of executed folk tunes are described.
Presence of Witchcraft in the Contemporary Udmurt Village
Authors:   Department of Folkloristics at the Estonian Literary Museum, Estonia, Anisimov Nikolai ,   Udmurt Institute for Research in History, Language and Literature (UdmFITs UrO RAN), Izhevsk, Russia
Published: November 2021

Based on the author’s fieldwork materials (2007–2021) as well as on sources from scientific literature, this article examines how wizards and witches are seen in today’s Udmurt village. It analyses the characters of these magic specialists within the framework of folk understanding. It explains their role, their activities and their status in the village community, it presents magical methods of combat and self-defence, as well as some trends of late years. The latest field materials show the present narratives about people who master magic strength and secret knowledge, updating the research. This new material highlights the innovative character of the research. The results allow us to say that alongside traditional understandings, there are relatively new cultural phenomena appearing at practically all the levels of the village perception of wizards and witches. The changes in the present world and the ‘fashion’ for magic knowledge give the village community a new focus on tradition. For example, people think that electricity cables, as well as mobile phone networks and satellite antennas, have started to disturb the flights of wizards and witches, and elements from other cultures have been added to magic apotropaic repertoire, etc. Thus, this article follows what is happening presently in Udmurt village communities with regard to the cultural mythical phenomena surrounding the worldview of magical specialists. The results of this research may be a useful basis for further research, and it will be important to observe the further evolution in the village reception of these phenomena.
My Teacher, My Master and My Friend for Life: Or the Person, the Scholar Who Determined My Fate
Authors:   Federal State Educational Higher Education Institution Udmurt State University, Izhevsk, Glukhova Galina
Published: November 2021

Although I have had in my life many interesting meetings and acquaintances, awareness grows with the years that the characters of those who particularly influenced me, who raised me, who helped me are engraved in my memory. Undoubtedly, my parents. Moreover, in the life of each of us, there have been teachers thanks to whom our life path has found its direction. Tatiana Grigor’yevna Vladykina has played in my life such a function; she is a gifted scholar, a formidable teacher, a wise mentor, a real friend for life. Meeting her has determined my adult fate.
UBE2E3 regulates cellular senescence and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs during aging
Authors: Liu Yalin , Cai Guangping , Chen Peng , Jiang Tiejian , Xia Zhuying
Published: November 2021

Background

Osteoporosis has gradually become a public health problem in the world. However, the exact molecular mechanism of osteoporosis still remains unclear. Senescence and osteogenic differentiation inhibition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs ) are supposed to play an important part in osteoporosis.

Methods

We used two gene expression profiles (GSE35956 and GSE35958) associated with osteoporosis and selected the promising gene Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 E3 (UBE2E3). We then verified its function and mechanism by in vitro experiments.

Results

UBE2E3 was highly expressed in the bone marrow and positively associated with osteogenesis related genes. Besides, UBE2E3 expression reduced in old BMSCs compared with that in young BMSCs. In in vitro experiments, knockdown of UBE2E3 accelerated cellular senescence and inhibited osteogenic differentiation of young BMSCs. On the other hand, overexpression of UBE2E3 attenuated cellular senescence as well as enhanced osteogenic differentiation of old BMSCs. Mechanistically, UBE2E3 might regulate the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and control its function, thus affecting the senescence and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

Conclusion

UBE2E3 may be potentially involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis by regulating cellular senescence and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Long-Term Changes in Thecomposition, Abundance and Diversity of Phytoplankton Community of Oshika Rivers State
Authors: Nwambara Nkechinyere Gladys , Onwuteaka John , Choko Onyinye Prince
Published: November 2021

This study was aimed at determining the long-term changes in composition, abundance, and diversity of the phytoplankton community of the Oshika freshwater biota. Phytoplankton samples at Oshika lake were collected from the same stations and similar months as in the year 1983 study of the 5000 barrels of oil spill. The samples were handled with optimum care and treated according to standard practices in order to preserve the plankton for further analysis and identification. The results of the analysis showed that the phytoplankton yielded a total of 40 species belonging to three groups in 1983 and 36 species belonging to four groups in 2019. Xanthophyceae was the group absent in 1983 but present in 2019, while Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Bacilariophyceae were common to both 1983 and 2019. Generally, the abundance of phytoplankton in each group in 1983 was significantly different from those of 2019. The Chlorophyceae was the most abundant in both 1983(12.31-186.5) and 2019 (1.27-6.58). The diversity indices result showed that the phytoplankton in 1983 (2.123- 2.563) had lower diversity compared to 2019 (2.381- 2.815). The cluster analysis revealed two groups in 1983 viz the generalist and the dry season specialist, while three groups viz the dry season specialist, wet season specialist and the generalist were observed in 2019. More so, greater data variations were observed in 1983 than 2019. Hence, we infer that there were changes in the phytoplankton community structure between 1983 and 2019. There were changes in the biological community structure between 1983 and 2019. These changes cannot be linked to the oil spill but seems more likely a result of natural variation since results of studies on the hydrocarbon values in water were very insignificant. Since the lake-riverine system is subject to flooding it can be concluded that new plankton from unaffected areas are transported into this area during the flood. The mixing of the water over the years leads to the high variable change. The high variable change brings about high species turnover given the unrestricted hydrodynamics of the River Niger flooding system and its influence on the floodplain Oshika lake.
First Line of Defense: Firewall
Authors: Tomar Yashraj Singh , Bhile Nayan
Published: November 2021

Firewalls are a fundamental element of network security systems with the ability to block network data traffic flows according to predefined rules. They work on the main purpose to prevent the spread of any deleterious event both on the host as well as network side from any intrusion. Conventional firewalls rely on functions specified by a sequence of rules, which often conflict. Also, various forms of tunnels, wireless and dial-up access methods allow individuals to bypass all the security mechanisms provided by the traditional firewall. Thus, in this paper we discuss the uses and classification of both host and network-based firewalls, other firewall approaches to overcome the cons of traditional firewalls, various firewall policies, including some anomalies.
Importance and Opportunities of Telemedicine in Resource-Poor Countries during Epidemic Situation
Authors: Alshakka Mohammed , F. S. Badulla Wafa , Al-Abd Nazeh , Ibrahim Mohamed Izham Mohamed
Published: November 2021

This review article aims to present a general picture of what telemedicine entails and the importance of providing quality health care in various medical aspects. The field of telemedicine has noticeably grown-up, with a growing number of applications and a diversity of technologies in different medical specialties and clinical situations by using electronic signals to transfer the medical data from one place to another. At present, health authorities have high anticipation for telemedicine. It addresses several significant challenges to advancing healthcare access to overwhelm the scarcity of specialists tackling epidemic diseases. The article starts with a brief introduction to the evolution of telemedicine and its importance in the health care system. Then, we provide a conceptual context for the proliferation of related concepts, such as telehealth, e-health, and m-health. Our primary concern is to focus on telemedicine's role in epidemic situations, emphasizing the current pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (covid-19 ) and demonstrating how it can be used to provide definitive information about the actual effects of telemedicine in terms of cost, quality, and access. However, there is an emergent interest among government authorities, health care providers and medical professionals to enhance the efficiency of providing a wide range of medical services in terms of cost and time. Thus, the effective use of telemedicine and related technologies will be able to assist with it. We conclude that telemedicine should be considered as a potential tool to react to an emergency. Therefore, further research should be conducted to understand better how telemedicine could be applied wisely in epidemic situations.
Research Status and Development Trend of Magnetic Fluid Micro-differential Pressure Sensor
Authors: Shaojie Yang , Xiangdong Kong , Xueyu Mu
Published: November 2021

As a nano-scale composite functional material, the basic structure of the new magnetic fluid is to uniformly disperse the magnetic solid particles adsorbed with surfactants into the base liquid, thus forming a stable colloid system with high dispersion. Magnetic fluid can exist stably for a long time even under the action of gravity field, magnetic field and electric field without precipitation and separation. This kind of magnetic fluid has both magnetic and liquid fluidity under the action of magnetic field, so it has great potential for the application of magnetic fluid in the field of sensors. This paper mainly analyzes the research achievements of magnetic fluid in the neighborhood of micro-differential pressure sensor at home and abroad in recent years, and introduces the working principle and latest research progress of magnetic fluid sensor. Thus, making use of the special properties of magnetic fluid, it is applied to some problems in the field of micro-pressure difference sensor and the research direction of magnetic fluid micro-pressure difference sensor in the future.
Genetic Divergence Studies in Tomato Genotypes Grown under Low-Cost Polyhouse Conditions
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Bhushan Anil , Samnotra R. K. , Dey Tuhina , Sharma Manmohan , Sharma Manish
Published: November 2021

Assessment of genetic diversity was made for sixteen yields and yield contributing traits in twenty-one tomato genotypes using D2 statistics. These genotypes were grouped into five clusters by the use of the Tocher method. Cluster I was the most significant, comprising 13 genotypes (Pusa Ruby, CLN2123A1 Red, PKM-1, IIHR-2042, Marglobe, EC 163605, Hawaii 7998, Palam Pink, EC 521038, Punjab Rakthak, EC 163383, Arka Abha and IIVR BT-10) followed by Cluster II  with 5 genotypes (EC 163611, Punjab Sartaj, EC 160885, Punjab Barkha Bahar  and Roma). Other Clusters (II, IV and V) were solitary ones (EC 249515, Kashi Chayan, DVRT-2). Cluster II recorded a maximum intra cluster distance of 3521.73 followed by cluster I (2796.45), whereas, cluster II, IV and V had zero intra cluster distance. The inter cluster D2 value also ranged widely, with a minimum value of 4082.34 between cluster I and IV, indicating a close relationship among the genotypes included. The maximum inter cluster D2 value (23102.20) between cluster II and V indicates high diversity among the genotypes in the clusters. Hence,   maximum contribution towards divergence was observed by average fruit weight (14%) followed by fruit set percentage (12%), number of flowers per cluster (8%), fruit yield per plant (7%), number of fruits per truss (6 %) and total soluble solid content (6 %). Hence, due importance could be given to the selection of genotypes for further improvement based on these traits.
Comparative Analysis of Tariffs-Restricted Trade Wars between the United States and China Under the Recent Past Four Presidents: Did they Achieve Their Objectives?
Authors: Owoye Oluwole , A. Onafowora Olugbenga
Published: November 2021

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the tariffs-restricted trade wars between the United States and China under the recent past four presidents of the United States by using the difference-in-differences estimator framework. The overarching objective of three of the four presidential administrations that engaged in trade wars was to reduce the United States’ trade deficits with China. This raised some research questions. Did each administration achieve its objective of reducing the trade deficits with China? If so, which administration more effectively reduced the trade deficits in comparison to their immediate predecessor? What lessons can future administrations and governments around the world draw from the outcomes of the tariffs-restricted trade wars between the United States and China?  To determine which president – Trump, Obama, and Bush – most effectively utilized import tariffs to reduce the trade deficits with China, we specified and tested three different sets of hypotheses. In sync with a controlled experiment, we tested another three sets of hypotheses in which we compared Presidents Trump, Obama, and Bush to President Clinton who did not impose tariffs on China. Based on our estimated results, we rejected all the null hypotheses in favor of the alternative hypotheses, which suggest that Presidents Trump, Obama, and Bush did not achieve any significant reduction in the United States’ trade deficits with China through the use of tariffs relative to President Clinton. The important lesson drawn from these findings is that tariffs are counterproductive and ineffective policy strategy.
Case Report on Hydatid Cysts with Hydropnemonothorax
Authors: Padmane Ekta , Gujar Samruddhi
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Hydatid disease is caused by a parasite infection induced by an echinococcus tapeworm. The hydatid cyst is one recognized cause of liver mass. It is a significant pathogenic, zoonotic, and parasitic illness (acquired from animals) of humans after consumption of tapeworm eggs produced in the faeces of infected dogs. Hydatid disease is a serious endemic health concern in various regions of the world. Cystic hydatid disease is most often associated with the liver (50–70%), although it can also affect the lung, spleen, kidney, bones, and brain. A hydropneumothorax occurs gradually.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old Man was taken to the Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital with the chief complaint of abdominal discomfort, breathlessness (dyspnea) right side pain for 2 days. Approximately to the peritoneal cavity of the right chest by a hydatid cyst in the subscapular posterior part of the right lobe of the liver. For minimal ascites, a contrast study was conducted, revealing a multi-located hypodense cystic lesion spread across the abdomen was recognized as sign of hydatid disease.

Conclusion: In a patient with a hydatid disease, physical and psychological therapy should be put together. In this study, we primarily focus on professional management and outstanding nursing care, which may give the comprehensive care that hydatid cyst requires. The complete health care team works together to assist the patient to restore his or her prior level of independence and happiness after a full recovery.
Medicolegal Issues in Teledentistry in India
Authors: Morey Anumeha , Boradkar Vaibhavi , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav , Reche Amit , Madhu Priyanka Paul , Date Avanti , Rohankar Dimpal
Published: November 2021

Long –distance linguistics involves the use of telecommunications technology to transfer data from one element to another element usage of telecommunications technology. Teledentia is a completely original subject that syndicates telecommunication technology and dental care. It offers innovative training besides care chances that bring a lot of prospective and confrontation. Teledenty also benefits accessible to medical education and preserving with medical education, screening, and communique with dental laboratory. In rural areas, in which there may be a scarcity of specialists, loss of complete and sophisticated telehealth centres can make it affordable and complex to extend care to rural patients. Complicated by the lack of dental consultant.

The subject of dentistry has visible massive enhancements in technology in current years. There had been many advances within side the use of computers, telecommunications technology, digital diagnostic imaging services, and evaluation and monitoring devices and software. Using cutting-edge information technology, dental science today has come further than ever before. New information technology have now no longer most effective progressed the high satisfactory of take care of dental patients, however additionally made it possible for them to provide partial or complete care hundreds of kilometres far-far from clinical facilities or dental clinic certified. The whole system of networking, digital information sharing, remote consultation, interviewing and evaluation is handled via way of means of division the technological of dental telemedicine acknowledged as "telentia".
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization from Inception to Intervention–Evidence Based Review
Authors: A. Alamoudi Rana
Published: November 2021

Background: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is considered a highly prevalent clinical problem worldwide. The etiology of MIH involves a complex interaction between systemic and environmental insults with possible genetic contribution. Early diagnosis is facilitated by collaboration between clinicians responsible for oral health management of the patient and is the key for enhancing the long-term prognosis and quality of life of affected children. MIH management is a formidable oral health challenge due to the wide spectrum of clinical presentation with the need for tailored treatment for the child affected by MIH condition.

Objective: To provide dental practitioners with an updated and evidence-based overview of MIH etiology, diagnosis, and treatments modalities available for its management.

Conclusion: In this review, recent clinical evidence on MIH etiology, diagnosis and treatment is presented. Given recent availability of sophisticated technologies there is an increasing number of treatment modalities now at the fingertips of all oral health clinicians alike, ranging from preventive measures, management of hypersensitivity to advanced restorative techniques. The tailored treatment plan should encompass a short and long-term approach requiring more frequent dental check-ups in order to achieve better outcomes and prognosis. Future translational clinical research to best practice that will enhance our understanding of the exact causes of MIH and allow development of standardized diagnostic criteria as well as optimal treatment strategies are warranted.
O (des) acesso de pessoas transgêneras aos serviços de saúde no recôncavo baiano
Authors: Cortes Helena Moraes , Carnevalli Ligia Maffei , Araújo Lorena Moura Pontes , Pinho Paula Hayasi
Published: November 2021

O acesso em saúde pode ser entendido como a “porta de entrada” que facilita a utilização do sistema de saúde pelos cidadãos. Apesar da existência de políticas públicas para garantir uma saúde com mais equidade e qualidade para a população transgênera, ainda é possível notar a permanência de barreiras simbólicas, socioeconômicas e técnicas no acesso. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o acesso de pessoas transgêneras aos serviços de saúde de um município do Recôncavo da Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, descritivo e exploratório, no qual utilizou-se a técnica snowball ou "bola de neve", para a captação dos participantes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e diários de campos e analisados por análise temática. A partir desta, emergiu a categoria empírica denominada acesso ao serviço de saúde, que se dividiu em três subcategorias a serem discutidas: conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre a transgeneridade, Atendimento à pessoa transgênera no serviço de saúde e Utilização dos serviços de saúde. Por meio das falas dos entrevistados pôde-se perceber que a falta de capacitação dos profissionais de saúde em relação à transgeneridade mostrou-se como importante barreira no acesso à saúde desta população. Como consequência, temos a perpetuação de estigmas e preconceitos dentro do serviço de saúde, resultantes de uma construção social patologizante, o que gera atendimentos precários e o consequente afastamento desta população dos serviços de saúde.
“Esquemas” em pistas de terra batida: Paredões de som, consumo e sociabilidades em localidades de pequeno porte
Authors: Santos Marcos Andrade Alves dos , Marques Roberto
Published: November 2021

A partir pesquisa ocorrida em uma localidade de pequeno porte no interior do Ceará, pensamos noções de diferença, interseccionalidade, sociabilidades e espacialidades ali vivenciadas. As cenas etnográficas apresentadas centram-se em ambientes tais como instaurados pela música funk que reverbera das caixas de som acopladas a automóveis nos finais de semana. Nesses cenários, arranjos erótico-sexuais não heterossexuais, circulaçao de corpos marginalizados e do ritmo atrelado a ambientes urbanos deslocam compreensões de identificação, pertença e liberdade. Música, drogas recreativas e arranjos eróticos criativos parecem guiar os jovens ali presentes na imaginação de novos lugares para si, distantes da imagética usual sobre comunidade, localidade e mundo rural.
Narrativas aquendadas: (micro)políticas de negociação estabelecidas por uma estudante trans* no ensino superior
Authors: Santos Madson de Santana , Dias Alfrancio Ferreira
Published: November 2021

O propósito deste texto é refletir sobre o processo formativo de uma estudante trans*, a partir das (micro)políticas de negociações de gênero e sexualidade no ensino superior. Utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa pós-crítica, por meio da realização de entrevista narrativa, onde uma estudante trans* narra suas experiências de violências e lutas diárias. As narrativas confirmam as experiências transfóbicas vivenciadas pela estudante durante seu processo de escolarização, principalmente no ensino superior, assim como também evidencia possibilidades de (re)existência e (re)negociações das aprendizagens de gênero dentro da universidade, num processo de aquendar-se e desanquendar-se, sendo preciso (re)negociar-se enquanto pessoa trans*.
Trans(i)legalidade: direitos LGBT+ no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Andrade Luma Nogueira de , Saleiro Sandra Palma
Published: November 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as principais legislações produzidas no Brasil e Portugal que impactam à população LGBT+. Portugal é um dos países da Europa mais procurados por pessoas Brasileiras e em especial integrantes da referida população na busca de melhores condições de vida ou mesmo como forma de fuga, inclusive como asilo político, como aconteceu na Ditadura Civil-Militar brasileira (1964-1985). Na atualidade acontecimento similar ocorre com ascensão do conservadorismo desde o golpe que retirou Dilma Rousseff da Presidência da República (2016), sendo intensificado com a vitória da extrema direita liderada por Jair Bolsonaro (2018). A cultura brasileira reflete muito da cultura portuguesa, não apenas pela linguagem, mas também em hábitos e costumes como fruto do processo de colonização implementado. O machismo, o sexismo e a LGBT+fobia fazem parte da cultura histórica brasileira e portuguesa, pois o patriarcado e a religião judaico cristã somados aos sistemas ditatoriais ocorridos nos referidos países contribuíram para negação de direitos inclusive para a população em questão. Apesar das adversidades os movimentos sociais atrelados a “redemocratização” tem possibilitado mudanças consideráveis nestes países em termos de dispositivos legais. Apesar das leis não serem a solução definitiva para todos os problemas elas possuem uma relevância histórica e produzem impactos sociais.
Exclusión por estereotipos de género en la interacción social infantil
Authors: Rivadeneira-Peñafiel Jessica Jazmín , Erazo Daniel Llanos
Published: November 2021

La exclusión es una problemática latente en la sociedad en sus distintos ámbitos y puede analizarse desde varias perspectivas, en este caso, desde una mirada decolonial que aborda el género en un entorno socioeducativo. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los procesos de exclusión por género que se producen en un grupo de estudiantes del cuarto año de Educación General Básica en un centro educativo de la ciudad de Quito, Ecuador. La metodología empleada en el estudio se enmarca en la tradición cualitativa, optando como técnicas de recogida de información, la observación participante y las entrevistas semiestructuradas. Entre los principales hallazgos, podemos afirmar que la exclusión entre pares por género persiste en las prácticas de socialización. Los elementos dinamizadores de este proceso son las narrativas y discursos que los/as docentes emplean y los preconceptos que se encuentran afincados en las prácticas lúdicas y cotidianas de los niños/as.
Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of Nicotiana benthamiana under dark stress
Authors: Shen Juan‐Juan , Chen Qian‐Si , Li Ze‐Feng , Zheng Qing‐Xia , Xu Ya‐Long , Zhou Hui‐Na , Mao Hong‐Yan , Shen Qi , Liu Ping‐Ping
Published: November 2021

Exposure to extended periods of darkness is a common source of abiotic stress that significantly affects plant growth and development. To understand how Nicotiana benthamiana responds to dark stress, the proteomes and metabolomes of leaves treated with darkness were studied. In total, 5763 proteins and 165 primary metabolites were identified following dark treatment. Additionally, the expression of autophagy‐related gene (ATG) proteins was transiently upregulated. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to find the protein modules associated with the response to dark stress. A total of four coexpression modules were obtained. The results indicated that heat‐shock protein (HSP70), SnRK1‐interacting protein 1, 2A phosphatase‐associated protein of 46 kDa (Tap46), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) might play crucial roles in N. benthamiana’s response to dark stress. Furthermore, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and top‐degreed proteins were predicted to identify potential key factors in the response to dark stress. These proteins include isopropylmalate isomerase (IPMI), eukaryotic elongation factor 5A (ELF5A), and ribosomal protein 5A (RPS5A). Finally, metabolic analysis suggested that some amino acids and sugars were involved in the dark‐responsive pathways. Thus, these results provide a new avenue for understanding the defensive mechanism against dark stress at the protein and metabolic levels in N. benthamiana.
Optical coherence tomography in multiple sclerosis: A 3‐year prospective multicenter study
Authors: Paul Friedemann , Calabresi Peter A. , Barkhof Frederik , Green Ari J. , Kardon Randy , Sastre‐Garriga Jaume , Schippling Sven , Vermersch Patrick , Saidha Shiv , Gerendas Bianca S. , Schmidt‐Erfurth Ursula , Agoropoulou Catherine , Zhang Ying , Seifer Gustavo , Petzold Axel
Published: November 2021

Objective

To evaluate changes over 3 years in the thickness of inner retinal layers including the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), and combined macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers (mGCIPL), in individuals with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) versus healthy controls; to determine whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) is sufficiently sensitive and reproducible to detect small degrees of neuroaxonal loss over time that correlate with changes in brain volume and disability progression as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Methods

Individuals with RRMS from 28 centers (n = 333) were matched with 64 healthy participants. OCT scans were performed on Heidelberg Spectralis machines (at baseline; 1 month; 6 months; 6‐monthly thereafter).

Results

OCT measurements were highly reproducible between baseline and 1 month (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.98). Significant inner retinal layer thinning was observed in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) compared with controls regardless of previous MS‐associated optic neuritis––group differences (95% CI) over 3 years: pRNFL: −1.86 (−2.54, −1.17) µm; mGCIPL: −2.03 (−2.78, −1.28) µm (both p < 0.0001; effect sizes 0.39 and 0.34). Greater inner retinal layer atrophy was observed in individuals diagnosed with RRMS <3 years versus >5 years (pRNFL: p < 0.05; mGCIPL: p < 0.01). Brain volume decreased by 1.3% in individuals with MS over 3 years compared to 0.5% in control subjects (effect size 0.76). mGCIPL atrophy correlated with brain atrophy (p < 0.0001). There was no correlation of OCT data with disability progression.

Interpretation

OCT has potential to estimate rates of neurodegeneration in the retina and brain. The effect size for OCT, smaller than for magnetic resonance imaging based on Heidelberg Spectralis data acquired in this study, was increased in early disease.
Serum Biomarkers of Disease Activity in Longitudinal Assessment of Patients with ANCA‐Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Monach Paul A. , Warner Roscoe L. , Lew Robert , Tómasson Gunnar , Specks Ulrich , Stone John H. , Fervenza Fernando C. , Hoffman Gary S. , Kallenberg Cees G. M. , Langford Carol A. , Seo Philip , St. Clair E. William , Spiera Robert , Johnson Kent J. , Merkel Peter A.
Published: November 2021

Objective

Improved biomarkers of current disease activity and prediction of relapse are needed in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV). For clinical relevance, biomarkers must perform well longitudinally in patients on treatment and in patients with nonsevere flares.

Methods

Twenty‐two proteins were measured in 347 serum samples from 74 patients with AAV enrolled in a clinical trial. Samples were collected at Month 6 after remission induction, then every 3 months until Month 18, or at the time of flare. Associations of protein concentrations with concurrent disease activity and with future flare were analyzed using mixed‐effects models, Cox proportional hazards models, and conditional logistic regression.

Results

Forty‐two patients had flares during the 12‐month follow‐up period, and 32 remained in remission. Twenty‐two patients had severe flares. Six experimental markers (CXCL13, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐15, IL‐18BP, and matrix metalloproteinase‐3 [MMP‐3]) and ESR were associated with disease activity using all three methods (P < 0.05, with P < 0.01 in at least one method). A rise in IL‐8, IL‐15, or IL‐18BP was associated temporally with flare. Combining C‐reactive protein (CRP), IL‐18BP, neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), and sIL‐2Rα improved association with active AAV. CXCL13 and MMP‐3 were increased during treatment with prednisone, independent of disease activity. Marker concentrations during remission were not predictive of future flare.

Conclusion

Serum biomarkers of inflammation and tissue damage and repair have been previously shown to be strongly associated with severe active AAV were less strongly associated with active AAV in a longitudinal study that included mild flares and varying treatment. Markers rising contemporaneously with flare or with an improved association in combination merit further study.
Neutral Mechanical Plane Shifting in Bending Elastomer Film Revealed by Quantification of Internal Strain
Authors: Kishino Masayuki , Akamatsu Norihisa , Taguchi Ryo , Hisano Kyohei , Kuwahara Kohei , Tsutsumi Osamu , Takeya Jun , Shishido Atsushi
Published: November 2021

Flexible electronic devices composed of soft materials, such as polymers and elastomers, require high mechanical durability to maintain their performance during cyclic bending, where large bending can lead to fracture. To design the appropriate structure for such devices, it is essential to utilize a neutral mechanical plane (NMP) in which the strain becomes zero inside bending materials. Despite the importance of identifying the NMP position for this utilization, the NMP position in soft materials has rarely been studied experimentally because of the difficulty in measuring internal strain in largely bending materials. Herein, the NMP position of bending polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film, which is a common soft material used in flexible electronic devices, is experimentally quantified via internal strain measurement with a cholesteric liquid crystal sensor. This is the first reported identification of the NMP position, revealing that bending of the PDMS film reversibly shifts the NMP position within ≈11% of the film thickness toward the inner bending surface. Considering this large NMP shift, a flexible electronic device with high mechanical durability is fabricated. The direct identification of the NMP position, which is enabled by the internal strain measurement, facilitates the development of device designs for flexible electronic devices.
Microcellular Ethylene–Vinyl Acetate Copolymer Foam: Life Prediction Under Reciprocating Compression
Authors: Wen Shibao , Xin Zhiyuan , Phule Ajit Dattatray , Zhang Zhen Xiu
Published: November 2021

The fatigue law of ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) foam has investigated through its fatigue characteristics of reciprocating compression, to construct its fatigue life prediction model. EVA foam samples are prepared by supercritical fluid foaming method. The MTS‐831 material testing machine is used to perform a reciprocating compression fatigue test with a constant load of 100 000 cycles. The constructed fatigue life prediction model is based on the relationship between the average modulus and the strain. The parameters of the model are determined by the results of reciprocating compression testing. This model can predict the fatigue results after 100 000 cycles of reciprocating compression with the results of 1000th cycle. The results suggest that the plastic deformation increases with the increase of cycles, the average modulus increases with the increase of gel content, and the relationship between stress and strain is nonlinear. Error analysis and model verification confirms that the predicted value is consistent with the experimental results, and the model predicted results are accurate and credible.