bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRIMENA SAVREMENIH APSORPCIONIH MATERIJALA ZA POBOLJŠANJE ZVUČNE IZOLACIJE U ZGRADAMA
Authors: Ćirović Nataša , Đuričić Đorđe , Jevđić Aleksandar
Published: June 2024

U današnje vreme, nov način građenja i upotreba novih građevinskih materijala izvode se u svrhu bržeg, jeftinijeg i kvalitetnijeg građenja. Upotreba modernih građevinskih materijala ima i svoju lošu stranu, a to je da oni manje apsorbuju zvuk od klasičnih, masivnijih materijala, čime se pojačava nivo buke i ometanje ljudi za vreme boravka u zgradama. Upotreba novih materijala omogućuje izvođenje bolje zaštite od buke koja je efikasnija nego ranije. Istovremeno, različite funkcije zgrada postavljaju nove zahteve u postizanju kvalitetne zvučne izolovanosti. Gradska sredina uslovljava veliku gustinu naseljenosti i da bi se postigao mir doma i funcionisao saživot veće količine ljudi na manjem prostoru, koje karakterišu različiti načini života i aktivnosti, neophodno je izolovati mesta za život od neželjenih zvukova. To se ne odnosi samo na spoljnu buku, već i na onu koja se horizontalno i vertikalno prenosi, i to preko konstrukcije objekta. U radu su analizirani problemi gde se i kako javlja buka koja se prenosi preko konstrukcije objekta, zatim elementi koji prenose buku, kao i analiza akustičkih karakteristika prostorija i primena apsorpcijskih materijala u funkciji poboljšanja zvučne izolovanosti u stanovima višespratnica.
BANJA LUKA URBAN AXIS AS THE ARCHITECTURAL RECORD OF HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Malinović Miroslav
Published: June 2024

The paper reviews the connection of the historical timeline and principal stages of development, on the one hand, and the urban axis – the main street in Banja Luka, on the other, as a very accurate historical record of urban development. The urban development axis in Banja Luka is a vast resource in terms of architectural layers that chronicle architectural evolution in general and live history of historical chronology with extraordinarily distinct and recognisable expressions reflected in the built environment. Present-day architectural heritage is the most solid evidence of that development. It is linked to ruling regimes, bringing up in focus the relation of each stage to their benefactors, examining their influence on the image of the urban cityscape in Banja Luka as it exists today.The architecture along the analysed urban backbone is studied using historical research methods to examine the relationship between historical growth and its impact on urban development, focusing on the geographical shift of main activities on the same street. The paper begins with a brief overview of key historical events that shaped Banja Luka's development to properly assess its impact on this single road, which was transformed from an ancient communication route to a modern four-lane street. Beginning with the Ottoman era, with the first documented and some remaining traces of architecture, each successive historical period is shown through the overview of the built heritage, linked to its functional and social role in the city. The architecture and cityscape properties heavily influenced by this urban backbone are evaluated and presented, along with stylistic adherence, key facts, development, and current status.The primary goal of this paper is to address the architectural heritage of Banja Luka's urban backbone – the central axis that has remained the focal point of all authorities and a rich source of inspiration for notable achievements, decisively influencing the image of modern-day Banja Luka. It is intended to demonstrate that all major construction activities, regardless of their benefactors, historical era, or function, occurred along the same route, historically and still widely regarded as Banja Luka's urban axis.
THE MIX-MESH CONCEPT OF LOW-RISE HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING – ADVANTAGES AND POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION IN LOCAL CONTEXT
Authors: Petković Nataša , Krstić Hristina , Živković Milica
Published: June 2024

The increased demand for residential space is in constant conflict with available spatial resources. Utilization of unbuilt urban land for residential purpose is faced with two opposing extremes – development of single-family housing in peripheral urban areas, on one hand, and the insertion of multi-family housing as infill in central urban zones, on the other. A contemporary approach to housing development turns towards the application of low-rise high-density model – as an alternative solution, that tent to achieve the best of both extremes.The research deals with the possibilities of applying a modular system, symbolically named Mix-Mesh, which, through various combinations of the basic module (dimensions 4.2x5.0m) would enable the development of a wide range of residential units – grouped within various typological forms: from two or three-story single-family row houses; combined models of single-family and multi-family housing; to multi-family buildings, which can be developed in the form of gallery or corridor solutions (depending on the shape, dimensions and plot orientation). One of the main advantages of low-rise high-density housing, which is reflected in the presence of significant private open areas, is also present in this model. A specific advantage of this modular solution is reflected in its easy adaptability to different urban parameters and conditions present on a plot, which is obtained through various combination types.
INFLUENCE OF VEHICLE SPEED IN FREE TRAFFIC FLOW ON DISTRIBUTION OF ROADWAY SUPERELEVATION
Authors: Cvetković Dušan , Dimitrijević Jelena , Marinković Nemanja , Romić Nikola
Published: June 2024

In this paper, the theoretical concept of roadway superelevation based on speed in free traffic flow is derived. The influence of the radius of the horizontal curve on speed in free traffic flow as a basis of this analysis is taken from a more detailed experimental research for two-lane rural highways. This method is new and differs from others that use constant design speed value. However, this method gives similar results when compared to the empirical methods of computing roadway superelevation, where design speed is constant but it is assumed that when the curve radius is greater than the minimum, the driving speeds are greater than the design speed. Presented work defines and explains that assumption and takes it into account when computing roadway superelevation.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS AND BIOCLIMATIC PRINCIPLES IN THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF BUILDINGS
Authors: Mihajlović Marija , Trummer Emily
Published: June 2024

In modern conditions of consumption of natural, primarily energy resources, and environmental pollution, buildings are ranked among the biggest consumers and polluters, and that at the world level. The paper provides an overview of contemporarytrends, as well as challenges regarding the use of created and available natural resources, by determining the relationship that exists between the economic, efficient, and effective use of natural resources on the one hand, and the reduction of environmental pressures of buildings on the other hand, but also by considering alternative scenarios in the future, in which ecological parameters and bioclimatic principles would be more relevant for the design of ecologically correct, sustainable buildings. The emergence, development, and application of ecological parameters of bioclimatic principles in architectural design, as it was concluded in this paper, was motivated to a lesser extent solely by requirements to reduce negative pressure on the living environment, and to a greater extent dominated by the desire to ensure continuity in the supply of resources. This conclusion is supported by the fact that it was only in the last decades of the last century that awareness regarding the condition and negative contribution of human activities in terms of environmental pollution has matured sufficiently. Accordingly, the paper analyzes the reasons for the application of ecological parameters and bioclimatic principles in the context of the architectural design of buildings.
CONCEPTUAL URBANISTIC-ARCHITECTURAL MODEL OF ROMANI HOUSING: CASE STUDY CRVENA ZVEZDA SETTLEMENT IN NIŠ
Authors: Krstić Hristina , Stanimirović Mirko , Petković Nataša , Stanković Vladana
Published: June 2024

In Serbia, Roma people face various challenges, primarily expressed through discrimination in many fields, as well as difficulties in education, healthcare, and employment. The majority of Roma people in Serbia live in very poor housing conditions. Romani settlements are generally characterized by overcrowded areas, inadequate infrastructure, unplanned construction, lack of amenities in the surroundings and, often, a ghetto-oriented atmosphere. Housing of Roma people, which is the topic of this paper, is a complex topic having various social, economic, cultural and political aspects. The paper considers the Romani housing from a spatial point of view. Provision of housing for the Roma people is one of important ongoing problems that must be addressed by the state. The social and economic status of the Romani national minority could be improved by solving the housing problem. In an attempt to contribute to solving the abovementioned issue, the research deals with finding a sustainable housing model for the Romani population through the case study of the Romani settlement of Crvena Zvezda in the City of Niš: The paper presents an urbanistic-architectural conceptual model for the new Romani settlement on the location occupied by the existing settlement. The model for the new Romani settlement is the result of an architectural analysis of the location and the analysis of the relevant literature that gives a clear view of the state of the Romani population and their settlements in Serbia - their current situation, culture and tradition, habits and needs. The paper gives a proposal for the transformation of the settlement in the form of an experimental conceptual model. The aim of the paper is to contribute to finding an adequate housing model that would provide normal living conditions for the Roma people in a fast, cost-effective, and efficient way, thereby speeding up the processof their inclusion in the society. The modularity and flexibility of the presented conceptual model ensure its applicability in different locations and adaptability to various conditions, making it applicable in different spatial contexts.
Implementasi Nilai Pancasila Dalam Mewujudkan Toleransi Kepada Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Leny Leny  , Musfiroh Musfiroh  , Reza Mauldy Raharja
Published: June 2024

This research aims to examine whether people in Indonesia have implemented the values of Pancasila in realizing tolerance for people with disabilities. In reality, as we know, there are still many cases of discrimination against people with disabilities, there is still a lack of availability of special facilities for people with disabilities, and weak law enforcement. The research method used is a qualitative method. By using literature review data collection techniques by reviewing various literature such as articles and journals that are relevant to the topic of discussion, as well as using interview techniques. It is hoped that the results of this research can increase insight and understanding of the implementation of Pancasila values in realizing tolerance for people with disabilities so that we are able to become a society that is tolerant towards people with disabilities and can provide support in the form of participation, as well as disseminating information through social media in realizing the importance of tolerance towards people with disabilities.
तिब्बती शरणार्थी विद्यार्थीको लेख्य नेपाली भाषा
Authors:   महेन्द्ररत्न क्याम्पस, ताहाचल, काठमाडौँ, नेपाल, Dahal D.
Published: June 2024

‘तिब्बती शरणार्थी विद्यार्थीको लेख्ने नेपाली भाषा’ शीर्षकको प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा कक्षा दशमा अध्ययनरत तिब्बती शरणार्थी विद्यार्थीहरूको लेखनका आधारमा उनीहरूको नेपाली भाषाको लेखाइका क्रममा पाइने मात्रागत, चन्द्रविन्दु, वर्णगत, शब्द लोपगतका साथै थपोटगत, वर्णविन्यासगत, कोड मिश्रण, लिपिगत र शब्द प्रयोगगत अवस्थालाई विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । उनीहरूले नेपाली भाषाको अकार र आकार क्षेत्रमा लोपगत र थपोटगत दुवै प्रकारको प्रयोग गरेको देखिन्छ । यसले उनीहरूमा नेपालीको अकार आकार सिकाइमा कठिनाइ देखापर्ने स्पष्ट हुन्छ । यस्तै यिनीहरूको नेपाली भाषाको लेखाइका क्रममा चन्द्रविन्दुको प्रयोगमा पनि लोपको स्थिति देखियो । यिनीहरूले नेपाली भाषाको ह्रस्वदीर्घ, श, ष, स को प्रयोग, ए, य को प्रयोग, ब र भ को प्रयोग, द, ध को प्रयोगमा पनि अलमलिएको पाइयो । यिनीहरूले नेपाली भाषाको लेखनका क्रममा धेरै अङ्ग्रेजी शब्दको मात्र प्रयोग नगरेर कतै कतै देवनागरी लिपिका सट्टामा रोमन लिपिको पनि प्रयोग गरेको पाइयो । यिनीहरूले ‘देखिन्छ’ लाई ‘देखनोछ’, ‘जान दिन्छ’ लाई ‘जनादिन्छ’ ‘प्रमुख’ लाई ‘प्रामोक’, ‘प्रधानाध्यापक’ लाई ‘प्राधानादपक’ जस्ता आफ्नै प्रकृतिका शब्द निर्माण गरी प्रयोग गरेको पनि पाइयो । शब्दकुञ्जिः भारोपेली, भोटबर्मेली, समभाषिक, पहिलो भाषा, दोस्रो भाषा, शब्दप्रयोग, कोड मिश्रण, कोड परिवर्तन, शब्दभण्डार, लिपि, वर्णविन्यास, लोप, थपोट ।
लोककथाको परिचयात्मक ससन्दर्भ
Authors:   उप–प्राध्यापक, चौतार बहुमुखी क्याम्पस, सिन्धुपाल्चोक, नेपाल, Soti G.
Published: June 2024

्रस्तुत अध्ययन लोककथाको परिचयात्मक सन्दर्भमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । यस लेखमा खासगरी लोककथाको परिचय, परिभाषा, स्वरुप, प्रकार र विशेषताहरुको विषयमा संक्षिप्त अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । लोककथा लोक साहित्यको सर्वप्राचीन विधा हो । यसमा लोक समाजका अनुभव र अनुभूति तथा विचार र भावनाहरु समेटिएको हुन्छ । मानव सभ्यताको विकास प्रक्रिया सँगसँगै लोककथा भन्ने र सुन्ने प्रचलन विकसित भएको हो । लोककथाले मनोरञ्जन, नैतिक सन्देश र महŒवपूर्ण ज्ञान प्रदान गर्ने भएकाले ग्रामीण समाजमा अहिले पनि लोक कथा भन्ने र सुन्ने प्रचलन जीवित रहेको छ । लोकजीवनको सुख–दुःखको अनुभूतिलाई प्रभावकारी रूपमा अभिव्यक्ति गर्ने एउटा सशक्त लोकसाहित्यक विधा लोककथा हो । लोककथालाई दन्त्य कथा वा वातशास्त्रका रुपमा समेत चिनाइएको पाइन्छ । यसले हाम्रो लोक परम्पराको संरक्षणमा सहयोग गर्दछ । लोककथालाई आधुनिक कथाको जनक मानिन्छ । लोककथा लोक समाजको साझा सम्पत्ती हो । यसले सामाजिक जनजीवनको जीवन्त चित्र प्रस्तुत गर्दछ । मौखिक परम्परामा विकसित हुनु, रचनाकार अज्ञात रहनु, काल्पनिकताको प्रवलता रहनु, मानवेतर पात्रको प्रयोगमा जोड दिनु, नैतिक सन्देश, ज्ञान र मनोरञ्जनमा केन्द्रित रहनु, रहस्यमय घटनाको वर्णन गर्नु, आरम्भ र समापनको बेग्लै ढाँचा कायम हुनु आदि लोककथाका मुख्य विशेषताहरु हुन् । लोककथा गद्यात्मक हुन्छ र सामाजिक संस्कृति अनुरूप परिवर्तनशील हुन्छ । कथानक, चरित्र, परिवेश, अभिप्राय, उद्देश्य, भाषाशैली आदि लोककथा रचनाका प्रमुख आधारहरु हुन् । यी सम्पूर्ण तत्वहरुको उचित संयोजनबाट एउटा रोचक र प्रभावकारी तथा ज्ञानवर्धक लोककथाको रचना गर्न सकिन्छ । यसले लोक जीवनको सामाजिक तथा सांस्कृतिक प्रतिबिम्बन गर्दछ । शब्दकुञ्जिः लोककथा, लोकजीवन, लोकविश्वास, नैतिकता, उपदेश र मूल्यमान्यता
भाषा सिकाइमा उखानटुक्का शिक्षणको उपयोगिता
Authors:   विद्यावारिधी अनुसन्धानरत, सुदूरपश्चिम विश्वविद्यालय, केन्द्रीय क्याम्पस, कञ्चनपुर नेपाल, Joshi H.
Published: June 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा भाषा सिकाइमा उखानटुक्का शिक्षणको उपयोगिताको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यसका लागि पुस्तकालयीय विधिबाट द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्री संकलन गरी तिनको अध्ययन विश्लेषणका साथ निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । जीवनका विविध अनुभव र चिन्तनमा आधारित भनाइलाई उखानटुक्का भनिन्छ । मानिसहरुले उखानटुक्काको प्रयोग दैनिक जीवनमा प्रशस्त गर्दछन । मानव जीवन भोगाइका क्रममा विभिन्न घटनाहरु घट्ने गर्दछन । यिनै घटनाहरु एकआपसमा भन्ने र सुन्ने क्रममा मानिसले उखानटुक्को प्रयोग गर्दै आएका छन् । मानवजीवनको लामो अनुभवबाट खारिएका हुनाले भाषा सिकाइमा यिनको प्रयोगले भनाइलाई ओजर्पूण, प्रभावकारी, सान्दर्भिक र सुत्रात्मक बनाउँछन् । भाषा सिकाइमा यिनलाई पूख्र्यौली सम्पत्तिका रुपमा लिइन्छ । यस्ता उखानटुक्काहरुले मानव सभ्यताको प्राचीन समयमा घटेका घटना तथा वस्तुस्थितिको लक्षण बोकेका हुन्छन । यिनले वाच्यार्थ भन्दा लक्ष्यार्थमा जोड दिन्छन । यस लेखले उखानटुक्का के हुन ? भाषा सिकाइमा यस्ता उखानटुक्काहरु के कति उपयोगी छन् भन्ने कुरा पत्ता लगाइ उपयुक्त निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । गुणात्मक विधिलाइ अवलम्वन गरी लेखिएको यस लेखमा भाषा सिकाइका दृष्किोणबाट उखानटुक्का शिक्षणको उपयोगिता प्रस्ट पार्दै भाषा सिकाइलाई अझ प्रभावकारी बनाउन उखानटुक्का शिक्षणको प्रयोगमा जोड दिनुपर्ने निष्कर्ष अगाडि सारिएको छ । शब्दकुञ्जीः पूख्र्यौली, खिरिलो, सुत्रात्मक, अवलम्बन, जुर्वल
विश्व समाजवादी क्रान्तिको इतिहासमा लिखित दुई क्रान्ति: पेरिस कम्युन र अक्टोबर समाजवादी क्रान्ति
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, Mainali G.P.
Published: June 2024

यस आलेखमा पेरिस कम्युन र अक्टोबर समाजवादी क्रान्तिको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । १८ मार्च, १८७१ मा स्थापित पेरिस कम्युन र २३ अक्टोबर, १९१७ मा भएको रूसको अक्टोबर समाजवादी क्रान्तिलाई प्रमुख आधार मानि यस आलेखको अध्ययन गरिएको छ । आलेखमा पेरिसका सर्वसाधारण जनता र क्रान्तिकारी मजदुर तथा सर्वहारावर्गले विद्रोह गरी १८ मार्च, १८७१ का दिन स्थापना गरेका पेरिस कम्युनलाई विश्व समाजवादी क्रान्तिको इतिहासमा पहिलो समाजवादी क्रान्ति हो भनी अध्ययन गरिएको छ भने लेनिनले क्रान्तिकारी माक्र्सवादी धाराको बाटो समाति २३ अक्टोबर, १९१७ का दिन रूसमा समाजवादी क्रान्ति सम्पन्न गरी समाजवादी गणतन्त्र स्थापना गरेका अक्टोबर समाजवादी क्रान्तिलाई विश्व समाजवादी क्रान्तिको इतिहासमा दोश्रो समाजवादी क्रान्ति हो भनी अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यी दुवै क्रान्ति सन् १८४८ मा माक्र्स र एंगेल्सले कम्युनिस्ट लिगका निम्ति कम्युनिस्ट घोषणापत्र लेखि वैज्ञानिक समाजवादी चिन्तनको उद्भव गराएपछि भएको थियो । विश्व समाजवादी आन्दोलन र क्रान्तिको इतिहासमा यी समाजवादी क्रान्ति स्वर्णिम अक्षरले लेखिएका छन् । यी दुई समाजवादी क्रान्ति पश्चात् विश्व राजनीतिको कोर्स नै परिवर्तन भएको थियो । यस आलेख आगनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरी अध्ययन गरिएको छ । विश्व समाजवादलाई आन्दोलन र क्रान्तिको इतिहासमा पेरिस कम्युनको स्थापना र अक्टोबर समाजवादी क्रान्ति कसरी सम्पन्न भएको थियो भनी अध्ययन गर्नु यस आलेखको प्रमुख उद्देश्य हो । यस आलेखको अध्ययनले विश्व समाजवादी क्रान्तिको इतिहासमा लिखित दुई क्रान्ति पेरिस कम्युन र अक्टोबर क्रान्तिलाई राम्रोसँग बुझ्न सकिन्छ । शब्दकुञ्जी: पेरिस कम्युन, अक्टोबर समाजवादी क्रान्ति, वैज्ञानिक समाजवाद, सर्वहारा तथा मजदुर वर्ग, बोल्सेभिक पार्टी, बुर्जुवा पुँजीवादी गणतन्त्र, सोभियत, क्रान्तिकारी माक्र्सवादी धारा, विसर्जनवादी, अवसरवादी ।
Evaluating Burn Injuries at the University of Sierra Leone Teaching Hospitals Complex, Freetown
Authors: Jalloh Abdulai , Kehinde Oluwadiya Sunday , EH Still Megan
Published: June 2024

Background: As with most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), burns are a major public health problem in Sierra Leone, yet they are poorly studied. This retrospective study of burn injuries at the Connaught Hospital unit of the University of Sierra Leone Teaching Hospitals Complex aims to bridge this gap by examining the patterns and outcomes of burn injuries over a two-year period and comparing these findings with previous studies from the same region.
Methods:  A total of 146 patients were included in the study over a two-year period from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022.
Results: The 146 patients seen during the study period represented an average rate of 1.39 cases per week. The median age was 3.9 years (range: 2 months to 56 years) with 59.4% male involvement. Eighty percent suffered from scalds, mostly from hot water. The modal percentage of Total Body Surface Area (%TBSA) affected was 10% (range: 1–75%), and 68.1% had superficial partial thickness burns. The %TBSA of scalds was significantly smaller than that of flame burns. The most common complication was anaemia.
Conclusions: Burns continue to pose a significant challenge in Sierra Leone and the situation has not changed significantly over the past decade. There is a need to institute burn preventive measures in the country and to have dedicated functioning burns units to address this common public health problem.
The Correlation between Islam and Globalization According to the Maudhu’i Interpretation
Authors: Prasanti Nurafni Alva , Adila Priscilla Elsya , Rosyadi Rik’an Mughiry , Muhyi Asep Abdul
Published: June 2024

Globalization is a phenomenon of change in today's world that cannot be avoided or prevented. It is a process of modernization and unification of the world in terms of communication, religion, ideology, economy, culture, etc. This paper aims to explain the relationship between globalization and Islam. This paper will explain the characteristics of Islam and globalization, its impact, its existence in the present day and its interpretation in the Qur'an using the maudhu'i method of interpretation. The research method taken is qualitative through a descriptive approach using library research data collection techniques. The results found are the word globalization is represented with al-'alamiin in Qs. Al-Anbiya verse 107 and Qs. Al-Furqan ayat 1. The term "globalization" refers to the concept of universal or comprehensive, which according to Al-Qardawi has almost the same meaning as universal and naturalness (alamiyyah). Globalization has a good impact but also has a bad impact. The concept of rahmatan lil'alamin teaches to always love others, maintain the unity of the people, do not distinguish humans only from tribes, teach to be fair and not arbitrary. In conclusion, Islam with the concept of rahmatan lil'alamin brings values that can be a solution for Muslims in facing globalization.
Islam and Democracy: A Study of Maudhu'i's Interpretation
Authors: Nurfazri Deva , Nur Agustin Dwi
Published: June 2024

This essay discusses the norms of the Koran that underlie democracy. This research originates from Muslim intellectual circles regarding the relationship between Islam and democracy. There are three points of view that emerge from this: first, the existence of a mutualistic symbiotic relationship between Islam and democracy, which states that Islam and democracy are mutually dependent and complementary; the second is an antagonistic relationship, which states that Islam and democracy, which originate from the West, are incompatible; Third, it adheres to the relationship between Islam and democracy but provides a critical note known as a critical-reactive or reciprocal-critical approach. According to this perspective, Islamic principles, namely ash-shura (deliberation), al-musawah (equality), and al-ilah (justice) are the ethical ideals that underlie democracy. There are verses in the Qur'an which form the basis for the third basic normative concept of democracy. Therefore, democracy has absolutely nothing to do with the Koran. The Qur'an specifically provides a moral foundation for building a democratic system.
Islam and Human Rights in the Perspective of the Qur'an: A Thematic Interpretive Study
Authors: Sasmita Elisa , Righayatsyah Elshadra , Abdul Muhyi Asep
Published: June 2024

Human rights are rights that must be obtained by every human being, regardless of social status. The Qur'an contains the concepts of human rights. This article describes the rights of individuals in accordance with the concept of human rights in Islam, referring to the verses of the Qur'an and the concept of maqasid shari'ah which are five: hifz al-din, hifz al-mal, hifz al-nafs, hifz al-aql, and hifz al-nasl. The approach used in this research is tafsir maudhu'i, by collecting and interpreting related verses, as well as including asbab an-nuzul verses and their Munasabah. The results show that Islam recognizes human rights as inherent in every human being, not as a gift from society, but as part of human nature. The concept of human rights in Islam is based on the theocentric principle, where all rights are bound to the will of God. Although there is debate about the implementation of human rights in the context of Islamic law, Islam emphasizes the importance of respecting and valuing fellow human beings by safeguarding five human rights: freedom, life, equality, protection of property, and justice. In conclusion, Islam teaches the protection and respect for human rights to maintain human welfare, although there are differences with the modern concept of human rights. This research highlights the importance of maintaining human rights principles in the context of a just and dignified social life.
Language Learning Strategies and Motivation As Determinants of the English Academic Performance of Grade 10 Students
Authors: Giangan Mary Grace
Published: June 2024

The academic performance in English is essential to students' overall learning outcomes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between language learning strategies, motivation, and English academic performance among Grade 10 students. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, and participants were selected through stratified random sampling from three schools in Tagum City. The mean was used to describe the students' level. The statistical tools used included the mean, standard deviation, and Pearson-r correlation coefficient. The study found that Grade 10 students exhibited a high level of language learning strategies, suggesting that these strategies helped students become more effective learners and fostered more efficient development of their mastery of the target language. Additionally, students demonstrated a high level of motivation, indicating frequent motivation in learning. The study also revealed a satisfactory level of English academic performance, suggesting that there are still areas needing improvement. Furthermore, the two independent variables were significantly correlated with the English academic performance of Grade 10 students.
Empowering Students: How Communities Can Help
Authors: Fuentes Monajean , Librando Jade , Almerez Queenie Lyn
Published: June 2024

Low-income families, particularly those with disabled children, frequently face considerable economic challenges. Educational programs that teach participants income-generating skills are critical for these families. Schools can play an important role in empowering vulnerable populations by introducing revenue-generating projects. This qualitative study assessed the influence of a community project, which was executed at a public elementary school in Digos City, Philippines. The project aimed to provide highergrade Special Education students (deaf and mute) and their parents with the skills and information required to launch their own enterprises. The researcher used focus groups and in-depth interviews to learn about the individuals' real experiences. Thematic analysis was utilized to discover reoccurring themes and acquire a better understanding of how the project cultivated their entrepreneurial spirit and sense of community in the school setting. Results revealed that the initiative affected participants' living standards, sense of independence, and overall well-being. The study emphasizes the need of customizing such programs to individual circumstances. The findings can be used to guide the design and implementation of future programs, ensuring tha
EL DERECHO A LA HERENCIA DIGITAL EN EL ÁMBITO EUROLATINOAMERICANO
Authors: Fernández Sánchez Pablo
Published: June 2024

Con el desarrollo de IoT (internet de las cosas), el procesamiento de datos amplia tanto su complejidad como sus posibilidades de uso, entre los que destaca el desarrollo de la IA. Al mismo tiempo, se identifican una serie de efectos colaterales de esta tecnología que impactan en nuestra democracia. Los datos, y la forma en qué son procesados, conllevan riesgos para la ciudadanía, cuya amenaza principal es que sus nuestras vidas diarias sean vigiladas o intervenidas. No obstante, junto con estos conflictos, el IoT genera grandes beneficios para las sociedades en diversos campos como puede ser el sector industrial o el médico, sin olvidar las posibilidades ligadas a la mejora de la prevención de riesgos potenciales para las personas e infraestructuras. En cualquier caso, no se puede caer en su mitificación ni en el pesimismo. El papel de la regulación es esencial en esta profunda transformación tecnológica en la que nos encontramos. El IoT supone un verdadero desafío para la ciudadanía europea. La UE ha realizado un notable esfuerzo legislativo, que nos ha situado como el área del mundo con una legislación más avanzada en la protección de derechos en el ecosistema cibernético. Pero no es suficiente. Este libro ofrece no solo una evaluación de la situación actual, sino también realiza propuestas para construir una ciudadanía europea en la que la tecnología sea una aliada, no una amenaza.
2. Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Whitcomb David , Yadav Dhiraj
Published: June 2024

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a clinically defined, usually progressive chronic inflammatory disease of the pancreas based on a combination of signs and symptoms. Current criteria for diagnosis rely on overt moderate-severe morphologic changes on cross-sectional imaging. Late-stage disease is an irreversible condition associated with lost pancreatic function and complications that lead to poor quality of life (QOL). Historically treatment is symptomatic, supportive and often ineffective. This article describes our approach to the diagnosis of CP and discusses the limitations of current diagnostic criteria. Clinical unmet needs include reliably making a diagnosis of early stages of CP, accurately predicting disease progression and establishing biomarkers of different stages of CP. Addressing these needs will offer an opportunity for targeted approaches to prevent progression to end-stage disease.
Grammatical Deviations in the Lesson Plans Among Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED) English Students
Authors: Galvez Deo J. , Celesio Marie L.
Published: June 2024

This study sought to analyze the grammatical deviations from the collected lesson plans of BSED English students. It also describes the types and causes of grammatical deviations that occur in their lesson plans. The data were taken from the 41 collected lesson plans of BSED English students who were enrolled during the second semester of the school year 2022-2023. The qualitative-descriptive research method was used to substantially analyze the grammatical deviations within the content of the collected lesson plans. The researcher and three validators checked and reviewed the generated data to ensure that the grammatical deviations were accurately identified. The Grammatical deviations that were found in the lesson plans among BSED English students across all year levels were: subject-verb agreement and verb form. The findings revealed that subject-verb agreement had the highest occurrences of deviations due to the influence of their language transfer, which often had distinct systems and patterns, while the verb form had moderate occurrences. The findings transpire that BSED English students are not merely regarded as grammatically incompetent, just because of grammatical deviations found in their lesson plans.  Nonetheless, they should be understood that their grammatical deviations are influenced and shaped by the sociolinguistic reality, language variations, and cultural backgrounds. Which can still be used as a medium in delivering the lessons, and likewise influence the learners’ academic development.
Characteristic of Holy Water (Mai Tselot) Users in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia, Cross-Sectional Study, 2019
Authors: Gebremedhin Kiros Demoz , Abrha Mulgeta Woldu , Tesfamariam Tesfay , Gebretnsae Hailay , Wubayoh Tewelde
Published: June 2024

Holy water is a traditional medicine used in Tigray region of Ethiopia. Holy water in the form of a drink and a shower is the main treatment used by people who face health problems, together with other spiritual practices. The study aimed to assess the characteristics of people using holy water (Mai Tselot) in Tigray. Descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study design was conducted in Mekelle City, Tigray region, Ethiopia, and eight holy water institutions located in Mekelle City 5 were selected using the lottery method. Second, 200 holy water users were selected purposely and proportionally. Descriptive analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 23. Chronic non-communicable diseases in patients 124 (67.81%) were the most dominant holy water users. Out of these 90 (49.18%) had mental-health problems. A total of 144 (78.68%) patients visited the health facilities for treatment before opting for a holy water institution. Two third 25 (64.1%) of the holy water users did not believe in modern medicine, and 167 (83.5%) of the holy water users did not believe that they would get disease from other individuals in the holy water place. The leading health problem of holy water users was chronic not-communicable diseases, and most of them visited health facilities before opting for holy water. This finding suggests that health education and counseling should be strengthened in health care facilities. Improve health facility quality service delivery status, strengthen health insurance and conduct extensive research concerning holy water users and institutions.
Peran Gembala Mencerminkan Sifat Allah Bagi Kehidupan Jemaat
Authors: Martin Putra Hura  , Selfina Selan  , Darlene Nathana Ndun  , Daniel Martin Tamera  , Martina Novalina
Published: June 2024

Pandangan dan Perdebatan tentang Allah selalu menjadi topik yang sering dibahas, terutama konsep-konsep tentang Allah yang bertentangan dengan Alkitab, yang dimana ada konsep tentang manusia yang menciptakan Allah selain itu ada juga, Allah diciptakan dari imajinasi manusia. Fenomena ini yang yang menyebabkan manusia meragukan tentang keberadaan Allah. Dalam hal ini, Gembala memiliki tanggung jawab penting dalam membawa jemaat lebih dekat kepada Allah. Gembala harus mencerminkan atribut-atribut Allah, seperti kebijaksanaan, kasih, kebenaran, dan penggembalaan. Seorang gembala yang mencerminkan Allah akan menggembalakan jemaat dengan penuh kasih, memberikan perhatian pastoral yang mendalam, dan memimpin dengan kebijaksanaan yang diberikan oleh Allah. Penulis memakai metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui studi pustaka (Library Research), artikel jurnal, literatur-literatur dan dari situs internet dalam menjelaskan peran gembala yang menjadi cerminan Allah bagi jemaat. Selanjutnya, Penulis akan mendeskripsikan tentang gembala, jemaat, Allah serta peran gembala dalam mencerminkan Allah kepada jemaat. Tujuan dan manfaat Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman dan inspirasi bagi para gembala gereja agar dapat efektif menjalankan tugasnya dan memberkati jemaat yang dilayaninya, sebaliknya jemaat dapat melihat cerminan Allah dari seorang gembala dalam teladan dan pengajaran seorang gembala. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga dapat mengidentifikasi praktik dan kualitas yang diperlukan bagi para gembala di gereja untuk menjalankan perannya dengan baik, seperti keteladanan, pengajaran, serta kepedulian terhadap jemaat. Dengan memahami peran gembala dalam mencerminkan Allah di dalam gereja, maka penelitian ini dapat memberikan bimbingan dan inspirasi bagi para gembala gereja agar dapat efektif menjalankan tugasnya dan memberkati jemaat yang dilayaninya.
The possessions of Gerald of Aurillac: on the question of a network of elite spaces in the Carolingian Auvergne (IX – X centuries)
Authors: Yarnykh Vera Serafimovna
Published: June 2024

The subject of the is the lands owned by a Carolingian lay saint, Gerald of Aurillac (d. 909), through the perspective of social anthropological research on the history of Early Medieval elites and elite sites. It confronts textual sources with the results of archaeological and linguistic studies of the recent decades. The dense evidence of the saint’s early life compiled by Odo of Cluny some 20 years after his death (the so-called Vita Prolixior Prima) allows to revisit the question of the aristocratic residence in the late Carolingian Auvergne (mid-9th – mid-10th Centuries). The elite locus of Gerald’s holdings is seen within the framework of dependent sites and chapels, whereas the spatial perspective of the vita is reconstructed with taking into account not only the hagiogrpher’s intentions and vision of centre and periphery, but also symbolic factors of prestige and local piety. Count Gerald’s castle in Aurillac, the adjacent monastery founded by him, newly discovered cemetery, and a number of his holdings that it has been possible to localize, serve as a case of an aristocratic residence and its connections to a network of dependent settlements, religious edifices and farmed lands. This analysis is made possible by new archaeological excavations in Aurillac in 2013–2014. Moreover, we can trace the sphere of an aristocrat’s authority over the lands dominated by his central residence. In the case of Count Gerald this holds true not only for the territory of Auvergne but also for the adjacent pagi of Quercy, Rouergue and Limousin. A special emphasis is put on the questions of sacral topography of the count Gerald’s domain in the vita as a mirror of Odo’s concept of sainthood and his reinterpretation of the local tradition on the aristocratic saint.
An Economic Analysis of Vellore GI Spiny Brinjal in Organic and Inorganic Vegetable Farming
Authors: Arun S , Malaisamy A
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the economic analysis of Vellore GI Spiny Brinjal cultivated through both organic and inorganic farming methods in Vellore district, Tamil Nadu. Organic farming systems have gained popularity due to their sustainability benefits and resource conservation, which can reduce output costs by 10% to 30% compared to conventional farming. Vellore GI Spiny Brinjal, recognized for its unique characteristics and recent Geographical Indication (GI) tag, serves as a focal point for this analysis. The study collected primary data from 25 organic and 25 inorganic farmers, as well as from various market participants. Cost and return analyses revealed that the total cultivation cost per acre is Rs. 90,482 for organic and Rs. 77,322 for inorganic methods. Despite higher cultivation costs, organic farming proved more profitable with a Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of 1.59 compared to 1.35 for inorganic farming. Marketing channel analysis showed that the primary distribution pathways involved wholesalers and retailers, with organic brinjal channels displaying higher efficiency. Price spread and marketing efficiency calculations indicated that Channel II was the most efficient for both farming methods due to fewer intermediaries and lower consumer prices. Overall, the study underscores the economic viability of organic farming for Vellore GI Spiny Brinjal, highlighting its potential for higher profitability and marketing efficiency.
Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Morpho-physiological, and Biochemical Traits of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Plants Under Water Deficit
Authors: Temegne Nono Carine , Gouertoumbo Willy-Franz , Nana Annie Stéphanie , Taffouo Victor-Désiré , Youmbi Emmanuel
Published: June 2024

Aims: To evaluate the effect of water deficit (WD) and P-fertilizer on the growth and biochemical composition of Bambara groundnut.
Study Design: The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three factors: landraces (L1, L2, and L3), single superphosphate doses (0, 20, 40, 60, 100 mg P2O5.kg-1), and watering regime (90% (control), 60%, and 30% of field capacity (FC)).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I for three months.
Methodology: The seedlings (radicle at 2 mm) were sown in the polyethylene pots filled with substrate with the appropriate P-doses. The plants were grown for up to four weeks under normal watering level (90%_FC). Four weeks after sowing (WAS), the WD was applied by stopping irrigation and maintaining the desired FC. At harvest (8WAS), growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were evaluated.
Results: P-fertilizer significantly improved growth and biochemical composition under WD or none. The plant height increased from 20.3% from 0 to 100 mg P2O5 at 30%_FC to L2 at the 8th week. At 90%_FC, the doses 20, 40, 60, 100 mg increased sugars content by 52.6, 59.4, 64.6, and 90.4%, respectively, compared to 0 mg at L3. Proline content at 30%_FC was twice (2.5) that of 90%_FC at L2. Increased accumulation of sugars, proline, and amino acids in leaves was recorded at the severe level of WD.
Conclusion: P-fertilizer mitigated the adverse effect of WD on the growth and biochemical composition of Bambara groundnut. A sufficient P-supply (60 mg P2O5.kg-1) was recommended to help Bambara groundnut plants tolerate WD. L1 and L3 appear to be more tolerant than L2 and can be recommended to farmers. As the adaptation mechanisms of these landraces to WD are different, it would be advisable to evaluate their performance in the field to better assess their behavior.
Efficacy of Plant Growth Regulators on Quality and Yield of Cucumber cv. Malini under Shade Net Conditions
Authors: Dinesh A. , Prasanth P. , Lakshminarayana D. , Nagaraju K. , Gouthami P.
Published: June 2024

An investigation was conducted to study the effect of different plant growth regulators on quality and yield of cucumber cv. Malini under shade net conditions. The experiment was carried out with 10 treatments GA3 at 75 ppm, 150 ppm and 250 ppm, Ethrel at 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm, Salicylic acid at 75 ppm, 150 ppm and 250 ppm and control (water spray) in 3 replications. The quality parameters like         total soluble solids, texture of the fruit, Physiological loss in weight (PLW%) after harvesting and total yield harvested (q/ha) etc. were significantly influenced by plant growth regulators. Among all treatments GA3 at 250 ppm recorded with maximum fruit yield (165.17 t/ ha), Whereas for quality parameters treatment GA3 at 150 ppm found superior for total soluble solids (5.88̊ Brix) and minimum physiological loss in weight after harvesting (1 DAH, 5 DAH and 10 DAH) was recorded in GA3 at 250 ppm. And the fruits with ethrel treatment were found with smooth texture and the remaining were with rough texture.
Educational Technologies in Ophthalmology for Riverside Communities in the Amazon: An Integrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Maia Camilla Castilho , Castilho Francinéa de Nazaré Ferreira de , Rosa Alexandre Antonio Marques , Moraes Evelly Christinne da Silva , Lima Vitor Hugo Auzier
Published: June 2024

In the Amazon region, riverside communities have specific geographical, cultural and social characteristics that challenge health promotion. This is due to the diverse needs and social determinants of these communities, which generally live in rural areas, with a certain degree of isolation and unequal access to health services. It is known that this population faces difficulty or no access to ophthalmological medical care, in addition to the lack of epidemiological studies and the construction of educational technologies aimed at these peoples. This study aims to identify evidence and scientific production on the development of educational technologies aimed at ophthalmology in the context of the lives of riverine patients, by means of an integrative literature review, whose guiding question was: "What current scientific evidence deals with the production of educational technologies in ophthalmology for riverine patients?". Twelve studies were selected, categorised into: benefits of the applicability of ophthalmic technologies in rural populations; benefits of the applicability of ophthalmic technologies in urban populations; pedagogical technologies as a tool for education in ophthalmology and the eye health profile of traditional communities. This review resulted in few findings regarding the main objective of the research. The lack of a descriptor that specifically mentions the riverside population is noteworthy and, as a result, it became unfeasible for the authors to carry out a scientific survey that addressed the triad of the riverside population, educational technologies and ophthalmology. Scientific production on the health of the riverine population in Brazil has increased in recent years, but there are still gaps in relation to medical specialities such as ophthalmology and methods that assess the application of technologies that facilitate the relationship between these specialities and riverine circumstances. As a result, further studies are needed into the health of riverine peoples, especially in the area of ophthalmology. It is necessary to carry out more studies to obtain more information about the modus vivendi of the riverside population. Interpretations of this knowledge can help in the development of public policies that promote socio-environmental sustainability, respecting the right of these populations to remain in their territories with socio-cultural and political autonomy. Additionally, it can be discussed how to develop technological plans for activities that are compatible with riverside culture in order to connect this community to specialized eye health needs.
The Impact of Digital Technology Adoption in Food Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises: A Case Study of Borobudur Area in Indonesia
Authors: Wachyuni Suci Sandi , Priyambodo Tri Kuntoro , Hurdawaty Ramon , Kusumaningrum Dewi Ayu
Published: June 2024

Aim: To investigate the awareness of using digital technology in Food MSMEs and understand its benefits.
Study Design:  This research uses a quantitative approach with hypothesis testing.
Place and Duration of Study: The research location is in the Borobudur area, Borobudur District, Magelang Regency, Central Java, one of Indonesia's priority tourist destinations. The duration of the research study is approximately 6 months, from June to December 2023.
Methodology: This study's dependent or bound variable (Y) is Food MSME's Scaling Up in the Borobudur area. Independent or independent variables (X) are Asset Efficiency (X1), Lower Cost (X2), Quality (X3), and Safety & Sustainability (X4). Data collection was done through surveys, questionnaires, and structured observations. The number of respondents in this study was 145 respondents of local food MSMEs are in the Borobudur area, Borobudur District, Magelang Regency, Central Java. Data is tested with the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS version 3.
Results: The results obtained in terms of quality (QT), lower cost (LC), safety, and Sustainability (SAS) were found to have a significant impact on food MSME's scaling up (FMS). However, asset efficiency (AE) was found to have no significant impact on food MSME scaling up (FMS). This research can contribute valuable insights to guide policymakers, industry stakeholders, and MSMEs toward more effective technology adoption strategies that drive growth and resilience in an increasingly digital business landscape.
Conclusion: Quality (QT), Lower Cost (LC), Safety And Sustainability (SAS) were found to have a significant impact on food MSME's scaling up (FMS). However, asset efficiency (AE) was found to have no significant impact on food MSME's scaling up (FMS). Overcoming challenges associated with digital adoption is crucial for these businesses to thrive in a rapidly evolving business landscape.
Target Selection in Drug Discovery
Authors: Albright Charles F.
Published: December 2011

In this review, four criteria will be proposed to evaluate new targets: linkage to the disease, potential therapeutic index, chemical tractability, and economics. But even the best targets have issues. The ability to identify these issues, develop a plan to address these issues, and apply judgment as to the likely outcome of these issues will have a significant impact on the success of any drug discovery and development effort. Viewed from this perspective, target selection is a process not an event. In particular, as internal and external data become available, targets should be reevaluated with respect to these criteria to determine the appropriateness of continued work.
New Drug Applications
Authors: McInnes John S.
Published: December 2011

There are different approval processes for the different types of products that are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This chapter will focus on the application requirements for new human drugs, both through the new drug approval (innovator drugs) and abbreviated new drug approval (generic drugs) routes. The statutory provisions governing these requirements are found in the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA). Other drug application processes that will not be discussed include the over‐the‐counter review process, new animal drug applications, abbreviated new animal drug applications, and biologics license applications.