bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validación del rendimiento térmico en invierno del modelo de una vivienda de interés social
Authors: Bacelis Gabriela ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México, Martinez Karla , Ruiz Torres Raùl Pavel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México
Published: July 2024

La demanda de vivienda en México promueve la producción en serie a partir del uso de sistemas constructivos y materiales que reducen los tiempos de construcción y sus costos, pero traen como consecuencia deficiencias térmicas, energéticas y de confort en los espacios. Un factor que determina el consumo de energía eléctrica es la envolvente arquitectónica. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en evaluar el rendimiento térmico de una vivienda de interés social, con envolvente de concreto construida con un sistema de encofrado y un bloqueador nano térmico como recubrimiento. El estudio se realizó durante el periodo invernal en Ensenada, Baja California, México, en un clima Bsk (mediterráneo seco). Para este estudio se registraron datos de temperatura y humedad relativa mediante instrumentos de medición. Para la validación del modelo se utilizó el simulador DesignBuilder®, con un motor de cálculo de EnergyPlus. La validación del modelo corresponde a un valor de 1.053 de error cuadrático medio. Los resultados indicaron un rendimiento térmico deficiente al interior de la vivienda, el mayor decremento se registró en la habitación con orientación suroeste con un valor de 0.60 °C, y un retraso térmico de tres horas. La resistencia térmica no cumplió con lo que señala la norma. Se observó que el bloqueador actuó como un material frío. Se concluyó que las propiedades de los materiales, el bloqueador nano térmico y la orientación de los espacios fueron factores clave en el rendimiento térmico para el periodo invernal. La principal limitación de la investigación fue la disponibilidad de los equipos de medición.
Vivienda y su contexto. Desarrollo de dispositivos modulares para cosecha de agua de lluvia
Authors: Aguilar Carlos ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, México, Córdova Fernando
Published: July 2024

La arquitectura se configura como la dialéctica entre el hábitat y el habitante, constituyendo el espacio para las acciones cotidianas. La vivienda, manifestación primaria de la arquitectura, establece el vínculo entre habitantes y entorno; desde un sentido Heideggeriano, al entender el habitar como un ser-estar en el mundo, resulta imprescindible pensar en minimizar el impacto del Gestell para el desarrollo futuro. En México, la vivienda es un derecho social legalmente regulado en el artículo 4 constitucional y el artículo 2 de la ley de vivienda donde se considera las condiciones óptimas de habitabilidad; sin embargo, abordando la relación de la vivienda con su contexto, la dotación mínima para vivienda de hasta 99 metros cuadrados construidos es de 150 litros de agua por habitante al día día constituyendo un impacto medioambiental. Por tanto, el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo diseñar dispositivos alternativos de captación pluvial dentro de la arquitectura con una metodología de enfoque mixto, que parte de un análisis arquitectónico que contempla la dimensión espacial, material y de adecuación climática; así, se realizó un rediseño interior y exterior de un caso de estudio de vivienda para proponer dispositivos que respondan a la cualidad de lo habitable en el espacio.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA BỔ SUNG METRONIDAZOLE TRƯỚC LI TÂM ĐẾN KHỐI LƯỢNG VÀ TÍNH KHÁNG KHUẨN CỦA FIBRIN GIÀU TIỂU CẦU CẢI TIẾN (A-PRF+) TRÊN VI KHUẨN Fusobacterium nucleatum
Authors: Huỳnh Phạm Anh Trúc , Nguyễn Thị Bích Lý
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Fibrin giàu tiểu cầu cải tiến (A-PRF+) là sản phẩm tiểu cầu cô đặc thu được từ quay li tâm máu. Nhiều nghiên cứu bổ sung kháng sinh vào ống máu trước khi li tâm nhằm tăng tính kháng khuẩn cho A-PRF+. Tuy nhiên, hiệu quả và ảnh hưởng của lượng thuốc được bổ sung đến A-PRF+ vẫn chưa sáng tỏ.

Mục tiêu: So sánh khối lượng A-PRF+ tạo thành khi bổ sung 0,25 ml và 0,5 ml dung dịch kháng sinh Metronidazole (MET) nồng độ 20 mg/100 ml trước khi li tâm; và so sánh hiệu quả ức chế vi khuẩn Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) của các khối PRF thu được.

Đối tượng và Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 32 mẫu A-PRF+ từ 8 người tình nguyện khoẻ mạnh. Mỗi người cho 4 mẫu máu, trong đó 2 mẫu nghiên cứu được bổ sung 0,25 ml và 0,5 ml MET 20 mg/100 ml vào ống máu và li tâm, 2 mẫu còn lại dùng làm nhóm chứng khối lượng. Các khối A-PRF+ được cân gián tiếp nhằm đảm bảo vô khuẩn. Đặt các khối A-PRF+ có MET giữa đĩa cấy sẵn vi khuẩn Fn, ủ kị khí và ghi nhận khoảng ức chế vi khuẩn (BID) mỗi 2, 3, 4 ngày. Thực hiện các phép kiểm bằng phần mềm SPSS 20.

Kết quả: Khối lượng A-PRF+ khi bổ sung 0,25 ml và 0,5 ml MET không khác biệt với nhau (p ≥0,05), nhưng đều nhỏ hơn khi không bổ sung (p <0,05). BID của A-PRF+ bổ sung 0,5 ml MET lớn hơn so với 0,25 ml (p <0,05), ở tất cả các thời điểm. Trên tất cả các khối A-PRF+ có MET, BID ngày 2 lớn hơn ngày 3 và 4

(p <0,05). Mặt khác, BID ngày 3 và 4 không có sự khác biệt (p ≥0,05).

Kết luận: Bổ sung MET vào ống máu trước khi li tâm làm giảm khối lượng A-PRF+ tạo thành. Hiệu quả ức chế vi khuẩn Fn tỉ lệ thuận với liều lượng thuốc bổ sung, và giảm dần theo thời gian rõ nhất sau ngày thứ 2.
Measuring the edges of species’ geographic ranges
Authors: Fredston Alexa
Published: July 2024

1. The fundamental unit of spatial ecology is a species range: the geographic area that it occupies. Species ranges are delineated by range edges (also known as boundaries or limits). Why range edges occur where they do and not elsewhere, and what makes them move, has been an active area of research since the 19th century. In the present day, range edge dynamics are an important metric of biodiversity’s response to climate change, as species shift toward the poles to track their climatic niches. Yet methods for measuring range edges and quantifying their displacement have never been formalized. 2. Here I described common methods for describing range edge positions and applied them to example data for a bird species and a fish species, using some of the most popular datasets in climate biogeography: the Audubon Society Christmas Bird Count and a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration bottom trawl survey. 3. I showed that the choice of range edge metric influences where range edge positions are estimated to occur; whether they are estimated to be shifting over time; and the estimated rate of shift. The lack of universal metrics for range edges has likely shaped statistics reported in synthesis studies that measured overall biodiversity responses to climate change and global rates of range shifts. Through simulation, I found that reliably detecting range edge shifts may require decades of data or more, suggesting that many global change studies in this field are underpowered. 4. Pairing metrics to research questions, sharing raw data and code, and conducting power analyses before reporting statistically significant results will all help to minimize this issue. Going forward, the field of biogeography should confront the degree to which ad hoc methods have influenced our understanding of range edge dynamics, and move toward universally accepted metrics.
Research on the Development Path of Feminism from an Aromantic Asexual Perspective
Authors: Chen Guanhan
Published: July 2024

Aromantic asexual is a perspective that has rarely been used in the research of Feminism, and this paper aims to explore the possibility and significance of combining aromantic asexual and feminism to fight against “sexual hegemony” from the perspective of the social identity of aromantic asexual. This paper will carry out research through the following aspects: firstly, analyse the concept of aromantic asexual and clarify its connotation and characteristics; secondly, explore the historical basis of the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism and reveal the links and commonalities between the two; then analyse the reasons why aromantic asexual and feminism can move towards the union, and explore the motivation and possibilities of the combination of the two; finally, explore the reflection on the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism, and conclude that the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism has been a very important factor in the development of the feminist movement. Finally, it discusses the reflection on the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism and concludes that the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism is insufficient in resisting the path of “sexual hegemony.” The research in this paper shows that aromantic asexual and feminism have a certain historical basis and connection and that they share some common concepts and goals. At the same time, the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism is not accidental but may be based on the common resistance to and demand for the phenomenon of “sexual hegemony”. Therefore, the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism to fight against “sexual hegemony” has certain rationality and significance and can bring new inspiration and impetus to the cause of gender equality. However, it is also necessary to note that there may be shortcomings in practice, which need to be further studied and explored in depth. It is suggested that future research should strengthen the exploration of the combination of aromantic asexual and feminism, promote cooperation and development between the two, and provide more possibilities and support for the advancement of the cause of gender equality.
ДОСВІД ВИЇЗДУ З ОКУПОВАНОГО ХЕРСОНА КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ УСНОЇ ІСТОРІЇ
Authors: Михайленко Галина Миколаївна
Published: July 2024

Мета дослідження – реконструкція досвіду виїзду мешканців із захопленого російськими військами Херсона та визначення основних мотивів виїзду херсонців з міста протягом різних етапів окупації на основі аналізу усно-історичних матеріалів. Методологічною основою проведеного дослідження є усна історія та локальна історія, що сукупно дають можливість презентувати вибрану тему з найбільшою ґрунтовністю та деталізацією. Основні результати дослідження. Російсько-українську війну уже називають найбільш документованою війною. Проте багато сторінок українського спротиву неможливо відтворити за звичними документальними джерелами або за фото чи відеоматеріалами. Більшість реалій життя в захопленому місті, а тим паче виїзд з окупованого Херсона, не відтворюються за такими джерелами через їх відсутність. Уявити складнощі шляху до підконтрольних Україні територій у період з 1 березня до 11 листопада 2022 р. можна, лише звернувшись до усно-історичних свідчень людей, які пройшли це випробування. Виїзд з окупованого міста передбачав масові багаторазові перевірки усіх гаджетів на російських блокпостах, тож це унеможливлювало фотографування чи відеозйомку. Саме тому головним джерелом, яке стало основою дослідження, стали задокументовані оповіді мешканців Херсона. Респонденти є херсонцями різного віку, професійної зайнятості, з різним сімейним станом та фінансовими можливостями. Завдяки їхній психологічній готовності поділитися своїм досвідом виїзду з окупованого міста можна відтворити події, що розгорталися на дорогах Херсонщини. Крім того, завдяки цим розповідям маємо можливість розкрити глибину переживань людей, травматичність подій як у фізичному, так і в психологічному відношенні. Це є основою не просто для відтворення фактажу новітньої війни, а й для наповнення історії морально-психологічним змістом. У проведеному дослідженні розкриваються такі ключові моменти, як: психологічний стан мешканців окупованих територій; готовність/неготовність організувати свій життєвий простір в обмежених умовах окупації; мотивація виїзду; переважання страху перебування в окупації над страхом подолання всіх умов виїзду; небезпека, з якою люди стикалися дорогою до підконтрольних Україні територій; поведінка окупантів стосовно цивільного населення. Висновки. Проведені інтерв’ю дають можливість визначити низку характерних моментів щодо особливостей виїзду з окупованого Херсона: більшість населення не вірила у можливість початку повномасштабного вторгнення та виявилася психологічно неготовою до війни; на прийняття рішення щодо виїзду з міста впливали різні чинники (новини щодо просування окупантів територією України, потреби особисті чи сімейні; страх життя в окупованому місті). Досвід виїзду залежав від багатьох об’єктивних та суб’єктивних чинників, таких як: період та доступний шлях для виїзду, чисельність блокпостів та інтенсивність перевірок, психологічна готовність/можливість відповідати на питання, поставлені окупантами.
РЕКОНСТРУКЦІЯ ПОЧАТКУ ПОВНОМАСШТАБНОГО ВТОРГНЕННЯ РОСІЇ В УКРАЇНУ КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ УСНОЇ ІСТОРІЇ НА ПРИКЛАДІ М. ХЕРСОН
Authors: Черемісін Олександр Вікторович
Published: July 2024

Мета дослідження – аналіз усно-історичних свідчень зі слів очевидців щодо дослідження і реконструкції готовності/неготовності мешканців до початку військових дій та їхньої поведінки в перші дні наступу російських військ на м. Херсон. Методологічною основою дослідження стала усна історія та соціологічні дослідження. Основні результати дослідження. Головним завданням автор ставив перед собою розкриття особливостей морально-психологічної готовності мешканців м. Херсон до повномасштабного наступу і погляду зсередини на процеси, які відбувались протягом перших днів військових дій. Головне джерело, яке використовується, – це документовані розповіді херсонців різного віку та соціальної приналежності. Головний акцент робиться на застосуванні у роботі свіжих спогадів, які є результатом глибинних травмувань. Саме вони дають змогу проаналізувати новітню історію України зсередини. Це має велике значення, адже ні фото, ні відеоматеріали не розкриють глибину пережитих подій і не наситять історію морально-психологічним змістом. У дослідженні розкриваються такі питання, як: початок повномасштабного вторгнення; огляд готовності бомбосховищ, евакуація місцевого населення, підприємств, організацій, культурно-освітніх закладів; поведінка місцевого населення; створення самоорганізованих загонів самооборони та ТРО; початок окупації. Висновки. У результаті проведених інтерв’ю вдалось з’ясувати: херсонці здебільшого виявились морально-психологічно не готовими до початку повномасштабного вторгнення; евакуація населення, підприємств і культурно-освітніх закладів проведена не була; бомбосховища виявились здебільшого не пристосовані до використання. Домінуючими емоціями перших днів початку російської агресії стали страх, лють, ненависть, злість. Незважаючи на відсутність підготовки, херсонці змогли зібратись у самоорганізовані загони самооборони та ТРО, але, на жаль, не всім вдалось пережити цей страшний період.
SOME EFFICIENT MODIFIED HOUSEHOLDER ITERATIVE SCHEMES FOR NONLINEAR EQUATIONS
Authors: Ogbereyivwe O. , Awariefe C. , Agbedeyi O. D.
Published: July 2024

The Householder scheme is a well-known iterative scheme for estimating the solution of nonlinear equation. Its major setbacks includes low convergence order, non-optimal and require high function derivative evaluation assessment in an iteration cycle. In this manuscript, we offered an iterative scheme that is an extension of the Householder scheme. In order to circumvent the highlighted setbacks of the Householder scheme, its modified form that is of convergence order four, optimal and require no second function derivative is put forward. The scheme was further modified via the use of weight functions to scale its convergence order from four to eight at the expense of one additional function evaluation and still retains its optimality property. The performance measures on the developed schemes was carried out by comparing their computational performance with that of some existing robust schemes.
TESTING THE PERFORMANCE OF TWO DIFFERENT DIGESTERS FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM HOUSEHOLD WASTE CO-DIGESTED WITH COW DUNG
Authors: Yakubu Ubaidullahi , Mohammed Sani Umar , Samuel Mary
Published: July 2024

The research was carried out at Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria. Different researches of bio-digesters have been conducted for biogas production but the physico-chemical properties of wastes, constituents of biogas and volume of digesters were not considered in previous research which resulted to poor performance of digesters by producing low flame. Hence the physico-chemical properties of wastes were determined, constituents of biogas were determined and volumes of digesters were considered for this research work so as to have effective performance of the digesters. This study involved  the performance evaluation of two different digesters for the production of biogas from household Wastes co-digested with cow dung to select the best digester among the two suitable for household used. Two different digesters each of 5.5 litres and 90 litres were used for testing the performance of digesters using household Wastes co-digested with cow dung in which anaerobic digestion process at both mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures were employed.After the physico-chemical properties of wastes test, analysis of biogas constituents, Ventilation test and flammability test of both digesters were conducted.The highest volume of biogas produced for Digester 1 was 115 liters/day within a period of 15days and 2537 liters/day within a period of 28days for Digester 2.The Ventilation and flammability tests were conducted of both digesters in which Digester 1 passed Ventilation test and failed flammability test.The Digester 2 passed both Ventilation and flammability tests.The research concluded that, the Digester 2 was more effective  because of large volume of Digester...
EFFECT OF SOME ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS ON THE PREVALENCE OF Plasmodium falciparum AMONG PATIENTS IN KADUNA STATE
Authors: Osagiede Nicholas Osazuyi , Yayock H. C.
Published: July 2024

Clinical studies involving of blood samples were randomly collected from out-patients in selected hospitals in the three (3) Senatorial districts of Kaduna State were examined for Plasmodium falciparum. Blood samples were collected from 1,918 patients attending the General Out Patient Department ward from various State Government owned hospitals in the three (3) Senatorial districts. Information obtained from questionnaires administered to out-patients who tested positive for P. falciparum revealed inconsistencies in the use of Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) and Chemoprophylaxis to prevent malaria.  The most commonly used anti-malaria drugs for self-medication among patients from the three senatorial districts shows that 56.6% of the respondents in Kaduna North uses chloroquine/fansidar, 71.5% in Kaduna South and 67.0% in Kaduna Central. Many of the patients investigated do not have sufficient access and knowledge to ITNs as provided by the Roll Back Malaria programme or State malaria campaigns
NONPHARMACEUTICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL COVID-19 PREDICTION MODELS
Authors: Okwonu Friday Zinzendoff
Published: July 2024

Global tourism and leisure came to hurt due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The ways we lived our lives was automatically truncated due to the fear of the virus of unknown etiology. We started adjusting to new lifestyle. Community life came to hurt due to lockdown to curtail the spread of the virus. Various forms of non-pharmaceutical approaches (NPA) or intervention (NPI) was adopted in the absence of vaccine. As time progresses different vaccine became available (Pharmaceutical approach {PA)) was discovered to mitigate the spread of the virus. To reassure the safety of people, different levels of social distancing values in meters was applied due to the fear that the virus was airborne.  This study tends to investigate whether onset data from the NPA and PA interventions could be used to predict the probability of infection thereby bringing the spread of the virus to a hurt. The analysis based on these prediction models revealed that both the NPA and the PA are very effective in mitigating and hurting the spread of the virus. The PA prediction model revealed that as more people are vaccinated with time, the probability of infection reduces drastically thereby increasing the probability of social mingling. Therefore, we concluded that these data independent prediction models are useful to predict the likely outcome of infection of the disease of unknown etiology based on the onset data.
Introducing the Lantang Lantang Pangang performance: one of the oldest puppet performance rituals in Indonesia
Authors: Mukadas Andi Baetal , Makawi Faizal Erlangga , Hasbi Hasbi
Published: July 2024

The Lantang lantang pangang is an integral part of the Toraja funeral ceremony, however, in recent times the knowledge of this puppet performance has changed significantly. This study aims to introduce and preserve the significance of lantang lantang pangang in puppet performances for the Toraja people. The method used is a qualitative study using a cultural anthropology that emphasizes social values and symbolism. The findings show that; (1) Lantang lantang pangang has a deep-rooted history dating back to the 9th century; (2) its dual role in funerals and as Toraja-style souvenirs; (3) its unique puppet characteristics; (4) the traditional puppet performance was carried by the high social status of Toraja people;(5) the performance reflects on the profile of the deceased and for entertainment purpose for grieving families; (6) Integrating it into school education is vital to preserving this culture. This study will have a historical significance that emphasizes the social context of funeral ceremonies and puppet performances to preserve cultural heritage.
Munkaerő-piaci dinamika és foglalkoztatási trendek elemzése: Motivációs tényezők és munkavállalói attitűdök a foglalkoztatásban
Authors: Riczu Zsófia
Published: July 2024

Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy áttekintést nyújtson a munkaerőpiac közvetett változásainak és munkavégzés feltételeinek az időbeli és strukturális dimenzióban történő vizsgálatáról. A tanulmány a társadalmi-gazdasági változásokkal szembeni munkavállalói attitűdöt vizsgálja, különös tekintettel a munkavégzés rugalmasságára. A kutatás célja az összefüggések feltárása a foglalkoztatottság és a munkaerőpiaci rugalmasság között, valamint azon tényezők azonosítása, amelyek befolyásolják a munkavégzés formáját és helyét. A kutatás módszertana survey-kutatás, feleletválasztós és félig nyitott kérdésekkel. Tekintettel arra, hogy egyéb eljárások kivitelezése a támogatási projekt által meghatározott és rendelkezésre álló időkeret tartása érdekében nem volt megoldható, nem véletlenszerű mintavétellel történt a kutatás (egyszerűen elérhető alanyok módszere), amely bár nem biztosította a teljes reprezentativitást (vagyis a belőle levonható következtetések korlátozottak), de alkalmas egy nagyobb, reprezentatív kutatás előkészítéséhez. A primer kutatásban elmélethez kapcsolt tartalomelemzést alkalmaztam.  A tanulmány vizsgálja azt is, hogy hogyan alakul a munkaerőpiac struktúrája és dinamikája az egyéni vállalkozói szféra és a hagyományos alkalmazotti munkaviszony közötti átmenetben. A kutatás eredményei fontos lehetőséget kínálnak a munkaerőpiac és a foglalkoztatás kultúrájának fejlesztésére, valamint az alkalmazotti jogviszony fenntarthatóságának vizsgálatára a jövőbeni társadalmi-gazdasági változások tükrében.
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kualitas Tidur Pasien Pascastroke Di Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Dadi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Maghfirah Rini , Abdullah Meutiah Mutmainnah , Rini Ita
Published: July 2024

Stroke adalah kondisi dimana fungsi otak terganggu akibat aliran oksigen dalam darah ke otak bermasalah. Dampak dari stroke ini dapat menyebabkan kecacatan dan kelemahan dalam fungsi motorik, yang berpengaruh pada kemampuan fungsional pasien setelah stroke terutama dalam melakukan aktivitas fisik. Pada pasien pascastroke sering dijumpai keluhan gangguan tidur yang merupakan salah satu komplikasi akibat stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kualitas tidur pasien pascastroke di RSKD Dadi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pasien pascastroke rawat jalan di poli fisioterapi Stroke Center RSKD Dadi Provinsi Sulsel yang berjumlah 33 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner International Physical Activity Questionnare (IPAQ) untuk mengukur aktivitas fisik dan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) untuk mengukur aktivitas fisik serta rekam medik pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 45,5% responden memiliki aktivitas fisik rendah sementara 54,5% responden memiliki kualitas tidur yang buruk. Hasil analisa uji korelasi Spearman’s Rho diperoleh nilai signifikan (p) kedua variabel sebesar 0,016 (p< 0.05) dengan derajat hubungan (r) sebesar 0.418. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan yang signifikan dengan kekuatan hubungan yang cukup dan searah antara aktivitas fisik dengan kualitas tidur pada pasien pascastroke di Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Dadi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan.
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh, Lama Kerja dan Durasi Kerja Terhadap Kejadian Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Marsim Etanaulia , Darmawan Gigih Bakti
Published: July 2024

Indonesia mulai mengalami perubahan transportasi yaitu dari transportasi konvensional menjadi transportasi berbasik online. Dilihat dari banyaknya masyarakat yang menggunakan ojek online sepedah motor, driver ojek online sepeda motor memiliki risiko untuk mengalami gangguan musculoskeletal salah satunya yakni musculoskeletal disorder (MSDs).  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara indeks masa tubuh, lama kerja, dan durasi kerja terhadap kejadian work related musculoskeletal disorders. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode observasional analitik yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2022 di Kabupaten Sleman. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah driver ojek online sepedah motor di Kabupaten Sleman yang berjumlah 33 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik total sampling, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan mengolah data univariat dan data bivariat dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa faktor indeks massa tubuh, lama kerja, dan durasi kerja memiliki hubungan erat terhadap kejadian work related musculoskeletal disorders pada drivel ojek online. Faktor indeks massa tubuh, lama kerja, dan durasi kerja memiliki hubungan terhadap kejadian work related musculoskeletal disorders pada drivel ojek online
Gambaran Fleksibilitas dan Keseimbangan Statis pada Mahasiswa Pasca Pembelajaran Online
Authors: Irianto Irianto , Fidia A.Siti Irfa , Natsir Widiarty Sulistyana
Published: July 2024

Fleksibilitas mencakup kemampuan dari persendian untuk melakukan rentang gerak yang penuh. Komponen kondisi fisik lainnya yang tidak kalah penting dalam olahraga adalah keseimbangan. Selama pandemi yang disebabkan oleh COVID-19, masyarakat telah mengurangi mobilitas dan aktivitas fisik mereka secara signifikan, sehingga menyebabkan peningkatan kebiasaan gaya hidup yang tidak sehat, serta menurunnya komponen kondisi fisik. Tujuan tinjauan ini untuk mengetahui gambaran fleksibilitas dan keseimbangan statis pada mahasiswa baru prodi Fisioterapi Universitas Hasanuddin angkatan 2022 pasca pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fisioterapi Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Hasanuddin. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 56 orang (n=56). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengambilan data primer melalui pengukuran flesibilitas menggunakan sit and reach test dan untuk pengukuran keseimbangan statis menggunakan balance board test. Data yang terkumpul kemudian diolah menggunakan Microsoft Office Excel untuk melihat distribusi tingkat fleksibilitas dan keseimbangan statis per karakteristik responden. Sebanyak 10 orang (17.9%) mahasiswa yang memiliki nilai fleksibilitas pada kategori baik dan sebanyak 25 orang (44.6%) mahasiswa dengan keseimbangan yang sempurna berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) normal. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil berupa tingkat fleksibilitas dan keseimbangan statis dalam kategori baik. Kategori IMT dalam kategori normal dan menunjukkan bahwa IMT cukup mempengaruhi nilai fleksibilitas dan keseimbangan statis pada mahasiswa.
Perbedaan Pengaruh Latihan Stabilitas dan Latihan Strengthening Konvensional Terhadap Aktivitas Fungsional Penderita Osteoarthritis Knee
Authors: Hakim Supartina , Hendrik Hendrik , Amrah Wandha
Published: July 2024

Osteoarthritis atau biasa disingkat OA merupakan penyakit degenerative yang biasanya sering terjadi pada proses penuaan, OA bersifat kronik, progresif, dan disertai oleh adanya pengikisan tulang rawan sendi dan pembentukan tulang baru pada permukaan sendi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain incidental sampling pre test – post test two group, bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektitivitas antara latihan stabilitas dan latihan strengthening konvensional. Hasil analisis intervensi Latihan Stabilitas diperoleh nilai pre test 60,13±5,99 dan post test 50,04±1,28 dengan nilai p=0,00˂0,05 yang berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Pada intervensi Latihan Strengthening Konvensional diperoleh nilai pre test 58,90±5,20 dan post test 50,57±5,37 dengan nilai p=0,00˂0,05 yang berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Sedangkan pada analisis antar kelompok diperoleh nilai selisih 10,09±1,28 pada intervensi Latihan Stabilitas dan pada intervensi Latihan Strengthening Konvensional diperoleh nilai selisih 8,33±1,43 dengan hasil uji independent t test diperoleh nilai p=0,007>0,05 yang berarti ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan pada selisih rata-rata Latihan Stabilitas lebih baik dalam peningkatan kemampuan aktivitas fungsional dibandingkan Latihan Strengthening Konvensional. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara pemberian Latihan Stabilitas dan Latihan Strengthening Konvensional terhadap peningkatan kemampuan aktivitas fungsional sendi lutut pada penderita Osteoarthritis Knee.
Collatz Sequence
Authors: Muhammad Taha
Published: July 2024

Abstract of Solving Collatz Sequence I started from a loop containing all positive numbers and performed Collatz law on each number x in the loop, obtained algebraic equations, and defined the values of x, which not belong to the set of natural numbers except 1. Then I applied Collatz laws and obtained the elements of the loop, which are {4, 2, 1}. S (n)= {n/2 or 3n+1, ..., 4,2,1} for all N+. Thus LS (n) = {4,2,1} for all N+. I added extra work to support my proof: 1- Graph 2- Sketch 3- Chart 4- Table 5- Pattern 5- [If LS (n)= {4,2,1} for r = 3k] True Then I proved that [LS (n) = {4, 2, 1} for r+3= 3(k+1)] True 6- [If LS (n) has no loop if for r = 3k+h, h<3, h is a natural number] True Then I proved that [LS (n) has no loop if for r+1 = 3k+h+1=3k+2, h=1] True Therefore: LS (5) = LS (10^100) = LS ((10^1000) + 7) = LS (47) = ... = LS (1) = {4, 2, 1} only for all n in N+ Note: r = # of elements in a loop. K = 1 or 2
To stay or not to stay intact as an allergen: the endolysosomal degradation assay used as tool to analyze protein immunogenicity and T cell epitopes
Authors: Öztemiz Topcu Elif , Gadermaier Gabriele
Published: July 2024

Antigen uptake and processing of exogenous proteins is critical for adaptive immunity, particularly for T helper cell activation. Proteins undergo distinct proteolytic processing in endolysosomal compartments of antigen-presenting cells. The resulting peptides are presented on MHC class II molecules and specifically recognized by T cells. The in vitro endolysosomal degradation assay mimics antigen processing by incubating a protein of interest with a protease cocktail derived from the endolysosomal compartments of antigen presenting cells. The kinetics of protein degradation is monitored by gel electrophoresis and allows calculation of a protein's half-life and thus endolysosomal stability. Processed peptides are analyzed by mass spectrometry and abundant peptide clusters are shown to harbor T cell epitopes. The endolysosomal degradation assay has been widely used to study allergens, which are IgE-binding proteins involved in type I hypersensitivity. In this review article, we provide the first comprehensive overview of the endolysosomal degradation of 29 isoallergens and variants originating from the PR-10, Ole e 1-like, pectate lyase, defensin polyproline-linked, non-specific lipid transfer, mite group 1, 2, and 5, and tropomyosin protein families. The assay method is described in detail and suggestions for improved standardization and reproducibility are provided. The current hypothesis implies that proteins with high endolysosomal stability can induce an efficient immune response, whereas highly unstable proteins are degraded early during antigen processing and therefore not efficient for MHC II peptide presentation. To validate this concept, systematic analyses of high and low allergenic representatives of protein families should be investigated. In addition to purified molecules, allergen extracts should be degraded to analyze potential matrix effects and gastrointestinal proteolysis of food allergens. In conclusion, individual protein susceptibility and peptides obtained from the endolysosomal degradation assay are powerful tools for understanding protein immunogenicity and T cell reactivity. Systematic studies and linkage with in vivo sensitization data will allow the establishment of (machine-learning) tools to aid prediction of immunogenicity and allergenicity. The orthogonal method could in the future be used for risk assessment of novel foods and in the generation of protein-based immunotherapeutics.
Disease-associated gut microbiome and metabolome changes in rats with chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Cao Weitao , Wang Luyao , Mo Qiudi , Peng Fang , Hong Wei , Zhou Yumin , Sun Ruiting , Li Haiqing , Liang Chunxiao , Zhao Dongxing , Zheng Mengning , Li Bing , Peng Gongyong
Published: July 2024

Background

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease affecting the lung vasculature that is characterized by sustained vasoconstriction and leads to vascular remodeling. The lung microbiome contributes to PH progression, but the function of the gut microbiome and the correlation between the gut microbiome and metabolome remain unclear. We have analyzed whether chronic hypoxia-induced PH alters the rat fecal microbiota.

Purpose

We explored hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension model rats to find out the characteristic changes of intestinal microorganisms and metabolites of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.

Methods

In the current study, a chronic hypoxia-induced PH rat model was used to investigate the role of the gut microbiome and metabolome as a potential mechanism contributing to the occurrence and development of PH. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA), short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) measurements, mass spectrometry (MS) metabolomics analysis and metatranscriptome were performed to analyze stool samples. The datasets were analyzed individually and integrated for combined analysis using bioinformatics approaches.

Results

Our results suggest that the gut microbiome and metabolome of chronic hypoxia-induced PH rats are distinct from those of normoxic rats and may thus aid in the search for new therapeutic or diagnostic paradigms for PH.

Conclusion

The gut microbiome and metabolome are altered as a result of chronic hypoxia-induced PH. This imbalanced bacterial ecosystem might play a pathophysiological role in PH by altering homeostasis.
A novel chemical genetic approach reveals paralog-specific role of ERK1/2 in mouse embryonic stem cell fate control
Authors: Hu Liang , Xiao Xiong , Huang Wesley , Zhou Tao , Chen Weilu , Zhang Chao , Ying Qi-Long
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal can be maintained through dual inhibition of GSK3 and MEK kinases. MEK has two highly homologous downstream kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). However, the exact roles of ERK1/2 in mouse ESC self-renewal and differentiation remain unclear.

Methods: We selectively deleted or inhibited ERK1, ERK2, or both using genetic and chemical genetic approaches combined with small molecule inhibitors. The effects of ERK paralog-specific inhibition on mouse ESC self-renewal and differentiation were then assessed.

Results: ERK1/2 were found to be dispensable for mouse ESC survival and self-renewal. The inhibition of both ERK paralogs, in conjunction with GSK3 inhibition, was sufficient to maintain mouse ESC self-renewal. In contrast, selective deletion or inhibition of only one ERK paralog did not mimic the effect of MEK inhibition in promoting mouse ESC self-renewal. Regarding ESC differentiation, inhibition of ERK1/2 prevented mesendoderm differentiation. Additionally, selective inhibition of ERK1, but not ERK2, promoted mesendoderm differentiation.

Discussion: These findings suggest that ERK1 and ERK2 have both overlapping and distinct roles in regulating ESC self-renewal and differentiation. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ERK1/2 in governing ESC maintenance and lineage commitment, potentially informing future strategies for controlling stem cell fate in research and therapeutic applications.
Innate neuroimmunity across aging and neurodegeneration: a perspective from amyloidogenic evolvability
Authors: Ho Gilbert , Lam Linh , Tran Tony , Wei Jianshe , Hashimoto Makoto
Published: July 2024

In Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), amyloidogenic proteins (APs), such as β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, may act as alarmins/damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to stimulate neuroinflammation and cell death. Indeed, recent evidence suggests that brain-specific type 2 immune networks may be important in modulating amyloidogenicity and brain homeostasis. Central to this, components of innate neuroimmune signaling, particularly type 2 components, assume distinctly specialized roles in regulating immune homeostasis and brain function. Whereas balanced immune surveillance stems from normal type 2 brain immune function, appropriate microglial clearance of aggregated misfolded proteins and neurotrophic and synaptotrophic signaling, aberrant pro-inflammatory activity triggered by alarmins might disrupt this normal immune homeostasis with reduced microglial amyloid clearance, synaptic loss, and ultimately neurodegeneration. Furthermore, since increased inflammation may in turn cause neurodegeneration, it is predicted that AP aggregation and neuroinflammation could synergistically promote even more damage. The reasons for maintaining such adverse biological conditions which have not been weeded out during evolution remain unclear. Here, we discuss these issues from a viewpoint of amyloidogenic evolvability, namely, aEVO, a hypothetic view of an adaptation to environmental stress by AP aggregates. Speculatively, the interaction of AP aggregation and neuroinflammation for aEVO in reproduction, which is evolutionally beneficial, might become a co-activating relationship which promotes AD pathogenesis through antagonistic pleiotropy. If validated, simultaneously suppressing both AP aggregation and specific innate neuroinflammation could greatly increase therapeutic efficacy in AD. Overall, combining a better understanding of innate neuroimmunity in aging and disease with the aEVO hypothesis may help uncover novel mechanism of pathogenesis of AD, leading to improved diagnostics and treatments.
Clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in the intensive care unit
Authors: Niu Siqiang , Liu Dezhi , Yang Yan , Zhao Limin
Published: July 2024

Objective

To explore the clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) among patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with AECOPD admitted to the ICU of Xinxiang Central Hospital in Henan Province, China, between March 2020 and September 2023, suspected of having IPA. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected for fungal culture, the galactomannan (GM) test, and mNGS. Based on host factors, clinical features, and microbiological test results, patients were categorized into 62 cases of IPA and 64 cases of non-IPA. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of fungal culture, the serum and BALF GM test, and mNGS detection for IPA in patients with AECOPD.

Results

1. The sensitivity and specificity of mNGS in diagnosing IPA were 70.9% and 71.8% respectively, with the sensitivity of mNGS surpassing that of fungal culture (29.0%, P<0.01), serum GM test (35.4%, P<0.01), and BALF GM test (41.9%, P<0.05), albeit with slightly lower specificity compared to fungal culture (90.6%, P >0.05), serum GM test (87.5%, P >0.05), and BALF GM test (85.9%, P >0.05).Combining fungal culture with the GM test and mNGS resulted in a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 92.2%, underscoring a superior diagnostic rate compared to any single detection method. 2.mNGS accurately distinguished strains of the Aspergillus genus. 3.The area under the ROC curves of mNGS was 0.73, indicating good diagnostic performance. 4.The detection duration for mNGS is shorter than that of traditional fungal culture and GM testing.

Conclusion

mNGS presents a pragmatic and highly sensitive approach, serving as a valuable complementary tool to conventional microbiological tests (CMT). Our research demonstrated that, compared to fungal culture and GM testing, mNGS exhibits superior diagnostic capability for IPA among patients with AECOPD. Integration of mNGS with established conventional methods holds promise for improving the diagnosis rate of IPA.
Epigenetic link between Agent Orange exposure and type 2 diabetes in Korean veterans
Authors: Seo Sujin , Kim Ye An , Lee Young , Kim Young Jin , Kim Bong-Jo , An Jae Hoon , Jin Heejin , Do Ah Ra , Park Kyungtaek , Won Sungho , Seo Je Hyun
Published: July 2024

Conflicting findings have been reported regarding the association between Agent Orange (AO) exposure and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine whether AO exposure is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and to verify the causal relationship between AO exposure and type 2 diabetes by combining DNA methylation with DNA genotype analyses. An epigenome-wide association study and DNA genotype analyses of the blood of AO-exposed and AO-unexposed individuals with type 2 diabetes and that of healthy controls were performed. Methylation quantitative trait locus and Mendelian randomisation analyses were performed to evaluate the causal effect of AO-exposure-identified CpGs on type 2 diabetes. AO-exposed individuals with type 2 diabetes were associated with six hypermethylated CpG sites (cg20075319, cg21757266, cg05203217, cg20102280, cg26081717, and cg21878650) and one hypo-methylated CpG site (cg07553761). Methylation quantitative trait locus analysis showed the methylation levels of some CpG sites (cg20075319, cg20102280, and cg26081717) to be significantly different. Mendelian randomisation analysis showed that CpG sites that were differentially methylated in AO-exposed individuals were causally associated with type 2 diabetes; the reverse causal effect was not significant. These findings reflect the need for further epigenetic studies on the causal relationship between AO exposure and type 2 diabetes.
Unlocking the nexus: exploring the effect of urban green innovation on haze pollution and carbon emissions intensity in Chinese cities
Authors: Li Wenlong , Wang Chao , Duan Dingkang , Li Qiming , Tian Rutao , Ma Tianyu
Published: July 2024

As a comprehensive and systematic approach to innovation, green innovation has become an important tool for reducing haze and carbon intensity. Based on balanced panel data at the city level in China, we use the two-way fixed-effects model to explore the impact of urban green innovation on haze pollution and carbon emission intensity. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The influence of green innovation on carbon emissions intensity and haze pollution exhibits a significant inverted U-shaped relationship. 2) We explore the mediating channels through which green innovation affects carbon emissions intensity and haze pollution. Specifically, the inverted U-shaped impacts of green innovation on energy intensity and resource dependence. 3) The inverted U-shaped relationship between green innovation and carbon emissions intensity holds for both resource-based and non-resource-based cities. 4) The U-shaped relationships, whether regarding carbon emissions intensity or haze pollution, are only applicable to non-environmental priority cities. This paper offers valuable insights for the formulation of more effective environmental management measures by governments.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review
Authors: Zhou Jia , Wang Chuan-Peng , Li Jun , Zhang Han-Lin , He Chun-Xia
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare yet life-threatening adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This systematic review synthesizes the current literature to elucidate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with ICI-related SJS/TEN.

Methods

We conducted a thorough search across databases including Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, MEDLINE, Scopus, and PubMed. Selection criteria focused on reports of SJS/TEN among cancer patients treated with ICIs, analyzing clinical manifestations, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes.

Results

Our analysis included 47 articles involving 50 patients with ICI-related SJS/TEN. The cohort had a mean age of 63 years, with a slight male predominance (54%). Most patients had melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer. SJS/TEN typically occurred early, with a median onset of 23 days post-ICI initiation. Treatment primarily involved systemic corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins. The overall mortality rate was 20%, higher for TEN at 32%, with infections and tumor progression as leading causes. Median time from onset to death was 28 days. Survivors experienced a median re-epithelization time of 30 days, positively correlated with the extent of epidermal detachment (rs = 0.639, p = 0.009). Deceased patients exhibited a significantly higher proportion of TEN (90% vs. 48%, p = 0.029) and a larger epidermal detachment area (90% vs. 30% of the body surface area [BSA], p = 0.005) compared to survivors. The combination therapy group showed a higher proportion of TEN compared to corticosteroid monotherapy or non-corticosteroid therapy groups (72% vs. 29% and 50%, p = 0.01), with no significant differences in mortality or re-epithelization time. Dual ICI therapy resulted in a higher TEN rate than single therapy (100% vs. 50%, p = 0.028). Among single ICI therapies, the sintilimab-treated group trended towards a higher TEN rate (75% vs. 40-50%, p = 0.417), a larger detachment area (90% vs. 30-48% of BSA, p = 0.172), and a longer re-epithelization time (44 vs. 14-28 days, p = 0.036) compared to other ICI groups, while mortality rates remained similar.

Conclusion

ICI-related SJS/TEN substantially impacts patient outcomes. Prospective clinical trials are critically needed to further clarify the pathogenesis and optimize therapeutic regimens.