bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of 100 GHz InP Transferred Electron Devices
Authors: Wu D.Q. , Jia R. , Bai Y.
Published: April 2013

This paper reports on the development of InP transferred-electron-device sources in mainland of China for operation at around 100 GHz. Using n+-n-n+ structure with graded doping profiles, the oscillations were obtained at 101.8 GHz from a 1 μm structure with an n-doped drift zone and the doping concentration linearly increases from 1.0×1016 to 3.0×1016cm-3. Its continuous wave radio frequency (CWRF) output power was evaluated to be several milliwatt and these results are believed to correspond to a fundamental mode operation. This result is attributed to a processing technique based on the use of etch-stop layers, removal of substrate and the formation of good ohmic contacts.
Effect of Pd Nanocrystals on Resistive Switching Characteristics in HfOx Memory Devices
Authors: Kang Tsung Kuei , Wang Chih Kai , Yang Ysung Yu
Published: April 2013

For resistive random access memory (RRAM), there is an important issue about variations of switching characteristics such as set/reset voltage of resistance state. The variations may result in an incorrect reading operation. Another issue is device yield, which determine whether fabricated memory can be applied in commercial product. We investigated the switching performance of HfOx metal oxide as a resistive switching layer embedded with and without Pd metal nanocrystals. Compared with Pd/HfOx/TiN structure, the memory embedded with Pd metal nanocrystals (Pd/Pd embedded HfOx/TiN) shows high yield, better electrical uniformity and reliability for the flexible electronics application.
Characteristics of Lead Free Ferroelectric Thin Films Consisted of (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 and Bi4Ti3O12
Authors: Hee Kwon Ahn , Kim Young Ho , Sang Keun Gil , Dong Soo Paik , Kang Dong Heon
Published: April 2013

Ferroelectric thin films containing the same volume fraction of the perovskite structure (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 (NBT) and layered structure Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) were prepared with different stacking sequence. Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15 thin film, solid solution of NBT and BIT, was also synthesized to compare with the alternative layered films. Their crystal structure, microstructure and electrical properties were investigated as a function of number of interface. It was found that the interface area as well as each material property is critical to the electrical properties. The alternative layer thin films between NBT and BIT showed positive effect on the dielectric behavior than the single NBIT compound film.
Fabrication of Simple GaAs Solar Cell by Zn Diffusion Method
Authors: Chang Sheng Po
Published: April 2013

We reported the spin-on Zincsilicafilm dopant content of the diffusion process and the formation of the p+ layer were applied to fabricate GaAs solar cells and their characteristics were investigated. The p-n junction was formed by a thermal furnace from the diffusion of zinc into the GaAs substrate. It was found that the GaAs substrate must be covered by a 100-nm-thick SiO2 layer. This reduced the damage to the GaAs substrate surface morphology that occurred during high temperature treatment and made the cleaning of the residual solvate on the surface easier
Synthesizable Digital Phase Locked Loop Implementation
Authors: Imran Rajib , Islam Monirul , Al Kafi Abdullah
Published: April 2013

Phase locked loop (PLL) is a very common circuit in the most of the electrical devices. The systems where needed clock or data recovery or frequency synthesis, PLL is the most cost effective and efficient choice that from cellular phone in our hands to the computers, televisions, radios and a different controller, PLL is everywhere. Due to ever increasing growth of the digital systems especially in the wireless communication, the Digital PLL (DPLL) has been developed to overcome the disadvantages of analog techniques such as large noise, power hungry, parameter sensitivity etc. Besides DPLL provides faster lock-in time, better testability, stability and portability over different process. The most of the resources available discussed about the theoretical model of the DPLL which is not synthesizable, that’s why a model is presented here keeping in mind that must be fully digital and synthesizable. The proposed PLL structure is fully digital, has the design flexibility with reduced hardware, low power consumption and higher power efficiency.
New Two-Step Preparation and Characterization of Submicron ZnO Rods Arrays
Authors: Liu Ru Xi , Zhang Zhong , Huang Jin Zhao
Published: April 2013

Submicron rod-like ZnO was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis on the Si substrate which was prepared with ZnO seed layer by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicates that the as-grown ZnO is elongated uniformly along the c-axis and is hexagonal wurtzite structured; the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that the diameter of the as-grown ZnO is 288nm and the uniform height is 3.78μm, so the aspect ratio is about 13; the atomic force microscope (AFM) results show that the fluctuation of the sample’s surface is even; the photo-luminescence(PL) spectra demonstrated that the sample has a single emission at 388nm, indicated the nanostructure has little dot defects.
Study on the Desulphidation in Basic Electrode Welding
Authors: Xiong Zheng , Tang Dan Hua , Wang Hong Wei
Published: April 2013

The behaviors of desulphidation during manual metal arc welding have been studied by means of experimental and theoretical analysis. The results indicated that the relationship curve between the distribution of sulphur in slag and deposited metal (Ls) and coating basicity of elect rode ( B1) was a parabolic shape with a maximum value. With the increase of FeO content in slag, Ls decreased and the sulphur content in deposited metal increased. With increasing coating basicity , the activity of oxygen ion in slag , FeO content in slag and oxygen potential of arc atmosphere increased. In teraction of them made that relationship between sulphur content in deposited metal and B1 had a minimum value.
Friction and Wear Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced by Coated Carbon Fibers
Authors: Deng Xiao Yan , Zhang Guo Heng , Qiang Cheng Wen , Cairang Zhuo Ma , Wang Tong
Published: April 2013

Al-Cu alloy and its matrix composites reinforced with different volume fractions of short carbon fibers covered by copper have been produced by powder metallurgy method and heat treatment. The effects of the fiber volume fraction and load applied on the wear and friction behaviors of the composites were investigated. The results showed that the Cf/Al-Cu composites had better mechanical and tribological properties compared to Al-Cu alloy. The applied load did not obviously affect the wear resistance and friction coefficient.
The Effect of Substrate on Continuous Electrohydrodynamic Printing
Authors: Bu Ning Bin , Huang Yong An , Yin Zhou Ping
Published: April 2013

In this paper, the behavior of ejected jet is studied at three different substrates (conductive, semiconductor and dielectric) in continuous electrohydrodynamic inkjet printing mode. Because the polarization charges will accumulate at the surface of the substrate in a short nozzle-to-collector distance, one can observe that the different flight behavior in the space. Results show that the substrate has little effect on the threshold voltage and the relaxation time of the substrate can be used to indicate the behavior of the jet. When the lifetime of the jet is larger than the relaxation time of the substrate, the jet can be deposited on the substrate regularly. Based on this guideline, a designed parallel lines and grid pattern are fabricated with several micrometers on a silicon substrate. These show that the designed pattern could be fabricated in a controllable jet. In the future, this method is able to be utilized to fabricate the mirco/nano-devices.
Analysis of the Necking Behaviors with the Crystal Plasticity Model Using 3-Dimensional Shaped Grains
Authors: Kim Jong Bong , Yoon Jeong Whan
Published: April 2013

Without initial imperfection and damage evolution model, it is difficult to analyze the necking behavior by finite element analysis with continuum theory. Moreover, the results are greatly dependent on the size of the initial imperfection. In order to predict necking phenomenon without geometric imperfection, in this study, a crystal plasticity model was introduced in the 3-dimensional finite element analysis of tensile test. Grains were modeled by an octahedron and different orientations were allocated to each grain. Damage model was also used to predict the sudden drop of load carrying capacity after necking and to reflect the void nucleation and growth on the severely deformed region. Well-known Cockcroft-Latham damage model was used. Void nucleation, growth and coalescence behavior during necking were predicted reasonably.
Influence of the Milling Weld Toe and WIG Remelting Reconditioning Technology to Welded Pieces in the Case of Fatigue Testing
Authors: Amza Gheorghe , Nitoi Dan Florin , Babis Claudiu , Amza Catalin , Apostolescu Zoia
Published: April 2013

The paper presents the researches to determine the best technologies to improve the lifetime of the corner welding. Generally it is says that the convex corner welding presents high mechanical properties because of the greater area section. The practice activity shows that in fact, because of the stress concentrators, these shapes of the welding are not the best solution. A better shape of the corner welding is the concave one that provides better results in the working conditions. To provide better results of the convex shape corner welding different recondition techniques are known. The paper is focused on fatigue testing performed on different samples realized with different beads on different working parameters. There are studied different reconditioned probes and the results are reported in fatigue curves.
A New Intelligent Fault Recognition Method for Gearbox
Authors: Zhang Wen Bin , Su Yan Ping , Zhou Yan Jie , Pu Ya Song
Published: April 2013

In this paper, a novel method to recognize gear fault pattern was approached based on multi-scale morphological undecimated wavelet decomposition, sample entropy and grey incidence. Firstly, multi-scale morphological undecimated wavelet decomposition was developed based on the characteristic of impulse feature extraction in difference morphological filter. And it was used to process different gear fault signals in five levels. Secondly, the sample entropy of each level was calculated. Finally, the sample entropy was served as the feature vectors and the grey incidence of different gear vibration signals was calculated to identify the fault pattern and condition. Practical example shows the efficiency of the proposed recognition method. It is suitable for on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis of gear.
The Study on Deposition Process and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Cu Thin Films Using Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Huang Jen Ching , Liao Yi Chia , Liu Huail Siang , Cheng Fu Jen
Published: April 2013

This paper studies the deposition process and mechanical properties of Cu thin films deposited on single crystal copper substrates with various surface roughnesses by molecular dynamics (MD). In the effect of vacancy concentration (Cv) of substrate, the Young's modulus of sample decreased as the Cv of substrate increased but the adhesion force will increase as the Cv of substrate increases. The effect of substrate roughness on the peak intensity of crystal orientation has little. And the greater Cv of substrate, the surface roughness of the deposited thin film also increased. In the effect of numbers of deposited atoms, the deposited thin film thickness increases, the surface will be relatively flat and the Young's modulus will also increase. By the XRD pattern, the principal growth directions of thin film are the (220) and (200) in the early stage of growth during deposition. However, with the thickness increasing, the (111) will be the preferred orientation.
Intelligent Rotor Fault Identification Method Based on HWD Energy Distribution and Grey Relation Degree
Authors: Zhang Wen Bin , Su Yan Ping , Pu Ya Song , Zhou Yan Jie
Published: April 2013

In this paper, a novel comprehensive fault identification approach was proposed based on the harmonic window decomposition (HWD) frequency band energy extraction and grey relation degree. Firstly, in order to eliminate the influence of noises, the line structure element was selected for morphological filter to denoise the original signal. Secondly, due to the energy of vibration signal will change in different frequency bands when fault occurs, therefore, the six feature frequency bands which contain the typical fault information were extracted by harmonic window decomposition that need not decomposition; and the energy distribution of each band could be calculated. Finally, these energy distributions could serve as the feature vectors, the grey relation degree of different vibration signals was calculated to identify the fault pattern and condition. Practical results show that this method can identify rotor fault patterns effectively.
New Estimation Method of Sample Properties in Dynamic AFM
Authors: Lee Chi Bum , Mohan Gayathri
Published: April 2013

This study presents a novel estimation method of sample properties in dynamic mode Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). A cantilever mock system without the interaction with sample is used to generate a reference trajectory for deflection and the control synthesis problem is posed in a robust optimal control and multi-objective LMI framework. This design assumes the nonlinear tip-sample interaction force as a disturbance and estimates it through disturbance rejection technique. The sample topography and properties can be obtained by interpreting the estimated tip-sample interaction force and applying tip-sample interaction models.
Research of Roll Processing Instrument Upgrading and Improvement
Authors: Liao Wei Qiang , Ling Li Ming , Zhou Jian
Published: April 2013

Introduce data extract from old Rolling processing measurement and control instrument. Research data transmission between administrative area and production field; achieve record, save, monitor and output of machine data. Research the relationship of administrative area and production field. Study control platform on PC, achieve the control of machine and operator by PC.
Image Reconstruction Based on TV Minimization and OS-EM Method in Linear Scan CT
Authors: Yan Bin , Cai Ai Long , Wei Feng , Li Lei , Xi Xiao Qi
Published: April 2013

A straight-line trajectory computed tomography (CT) has been investigated in this paper and a high accuracy reconstruction algorithm based on TV minimization and OS-EM method has been put forward. This new algorithm, which is called TV-OS-EM, takes the advantage of both statistic iterative algorithm OS-EM and the total variation minimization technique, and has an efficient property of de-noising and restoration. The numerical experimental results show that the new method can achieve a remarkable improvement in image quality.
A Path Recognition Algorithm Based on Image Process for Smart Car
Authors: Wang Peng Chong , Xu Yang , Cai Qing Nan , Li Song , Tian Ying Zhong
Published: April 2013

Intelligence is a trend in the development of vehicles. This smart car system uses CCD camera to get images. The process is divided into three parts: image acquisition, extract centerline and path recognition. In this paper, it tells how to pick up the effective information of the road and predict the trend of black-line. Experiments show that the tracking movement of the smart car is real-time, efficient and intelligent, which has achieved the expected goals.
Uncertainty Evaluation in Distance Measurement by CMM Based on Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Li Hong Li , Chen Xiao Huai , Wang Hong Tao
Published: April 2013

There is presented a complete uncertainty evaluation process of end distance measurement by CMM. To begin with, the major sources of uncertainty, which would influence measurement result, are found out after analyzing, then, the general mathematic model of end distance measurement is established. Furthermore, Monte Carlo method (MCM) is used, and the uncertainty of the measured quantity is obtained. The complete results are given out, so the value of CMM is enhanced. Moreover, seen from the evaluation example, the results of uncertainty evaluation obtained from MCM method and from GUM method are compared, the comparison result indicates that the mathematic model is feasible, and using MCM method to evaluate uncertainty is easy and efficient, having practical value.
A Novel Type Compact FBG-Based Micro-Displacement Sensing Machine Using a Temperature-Bias Self-Compensating Technique
Authors: Liu Fang Fang , Xia Hao Jie , Chen Li Juan , Li Hong Li , Fei Ye Tai
Published: April 2013

The trend towards miniaturisation in manufacturing has led to a requirement for the technique of micro /nano measurements capable of measuring tiny features on small components. This paper presents the development of a new sensing method for micro/nano displacement measurements based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. In this machine, some new ideas are integrated into the design, such as the suspended FBG probe stem, the fiber fused microball tip, and the double-FBG probe structure. Test shows the microball tip diameter can be less than 300 um. It has been proved by preliminary experimental results that the measurement resolution can reach 50nm.
Synthesis of Nanosized Pseudoboehmite and γ-Al2O3 by Control Precipitation Method
Authors: Jiang Zhou Qing , Ma Hong Wen , Yang Jing , Wang Le
Published: April 2013

Nanosized pseudoboehmite particles were synthesized by the precipitation of sodium sulfate and ammonia in aqueous solution at 70°C. After calcinations, the pseudoboehmite could successfully transfer to γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles while retaining their previous morphology. The influence of the reaction conditions on formation of pseudoboehmite and γ-Al2O3 had been researched in detail. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that nanosized crystalline pseudoboehmite was formed at pH 8-8.5 after ageing 2 hours. Utilization of surfactant(PEG1000) would produce finer nanoparticles with well-dispersion. With the ageing time or the surfactant amount increasing, the morphology of the resulting particles transformed from spherical to fibrous
Design and Analysis of Two Gun Salute Control Systems Based on Singlechip and PLC
Authors: Wang Yan Quan
Published: April 2013

The two control systems of intelligent celebration gun salutes based on singlechip and PLC is researched, developed and compared in this thesis, which consists of peripheral units such as sensor through adding singlechip or PLC control unit based on ordinary gas gun salutes, realizes intelligent control of sound interval and volume and acquires effects of playing musical instruments. The system has not only high practical value but also good market prospect; furthermore, it offers an excellent material to internships and practical training of students from colleges and universities.
A Novel Closed-Loop Time-Delayed Filter for Unstable System
Authors: Liu Fen , Yang Ji Sheng
Published: April 2013

Aiming to improve the stability dynamic performance of the oscillating system, an internal closed-loop time-delayed filter with negative pulse is designed. To make the unstable system into stable, a reasonable time delay is introduced within the feedback control system, based on optimization theory to design the delay filter parameters. Matlab/SIMULINK simulation software is used on system performance analysis. Simulation results show that the designed internal closed-loop time-delayed filter can effectively improve the system stability, but also inhibit the high-frequency noise, with a strong anti-interference ability.
Movement Measurement Systems for fMRI Motion Studies
Authors: Kim Hyung Sik , Yeon Hong Won , Choi Mi Hyun , Yoon Hee Jeong , Kim Hyun Joo , Lee In Hwa , Yi Jeong Han , Chung Soon Cheol
Published: April 2013

In this study, functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI)-compatible movement measurement system was developed. The movement measurement system consisted of a sensor module with a three-axis accelerometer and a two-axis gyroscope, a modulator, and a demodulator. Velcro was used to attach the sensor module to a finger or wrist. Interactive effects in a human subject were tested by measuring fMRI and motion signals simultaneously. Images were obtained using the field echo planar imaging method using a 3 T MR scanner and the signal-to-noise ratio was calculated. The entire system can be made with low cost, and its direct implementation is available in a clinical MR scanner without any additional installation. Various kinematic variables, such as angle, acceleration, and jerk, can be measured and calculated by using the movement measurement system. Therefore, it is expected that this system could be used for the study of the relationship between various kinematic variables and brain function.
Seismic Data Collection Circuit Design of Seismograph Used in Complex Mountainous Area
Authors: Yu Teng , Chen Zu Bin , Du Yu Jian , Zhang Yan
Published: April 2013

This paper presents an apply cableless seismograph to the complex mountain in the data collection circuit design. Article research is the use of digital storage type seismograph structure cableless collected in the field of seismic exploration instrument station, given the design of the general acquisition system, given the collection module design circuit, A / D conversion circuit design and fpga module interface circuit design.
Image Fusion Method Based on Universal Hidden Markov Tree Model in the Contourlet Domain
Authors: Cai Xi , Han Guang , Wang Jin Kuan
Published: April 2013

Considering the statistical characteristics of contourlet coefficients of images, we propose an image fusion method based on the universal contourlet hidden Markov tree (uHMT) model. A salience measure and a match measure are presented according to the probability of a contourlet coefficient belonging to the high state of the uHMT model which needs no training. Experimental results prove the effectiveness of our method in the field of visual quality and objective evaluations.
Evaluation Method for Band Selection Algorithms of Hyperspectral Image
Authors: Wang Bai He , Huang Shi Qi , Li Yi Hong
Published: April 2013

Band selection algorithm is most important in data dimension reduction of hyperspectral image. There are many algorithms of band selection, but there are only few methods to do algorithm evaluation. A method is put forward in this paper to evaluate the band selection algorithm of hyperspectral image. The amount of information, brightness, image contrast and definition are defined as 4 indexes to measure deferent data fusion based on various band selection results. Based on the measurement, the evaluation of band selection algorithm is realized. In the paper, the evaluation method is used in the compare of 4 common band selection algorithms, the result of measurement is analyzed and the feasibility is verified.
Efficient Beacon Collision Detection/Avoidance Mechanism in WLAN-Based Mesh Networks
Authors: Lee Ji Hoon , Rhee Eugene
Published: April 2013

Every node in wireless multi-hop mesh networks periodically transmits its own beacon and then monitors the existence or activity of other nodes by checking their beacons. So, the loss of beacon message in wireless multi-hop mesh networks causes the inefficient network overhead. This paper proposed a dynamic beacon collision detection and avoidance (BCDA) mechanism that can actively adapt to beacon collision status due to node movement. Each node checks the collision status by comparing the received beacon timing information from neighboring nodes with that of its own. It is shown from the performance evaluations that the proposed BCDA mechanism provides the decrease of beacon collision ratio and the throughput enhancement.
Using Portable-Profile to Support Context-Aware Services in the UPnP Networks
Authors: Lin Jyh Horng , Dow Chyi Ren , Lin Chia Che
Published: April 2013

The Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) network provides features for using digital devices easily without configuration. But, there are some issues such as cross network segment and security in the UPnP networks. To solve the problem, many works use an additional proxy server and a recommendation system to provide suitable services. However, the approach requires additional resources and cost and it is difficult to deploy in the digital home. In this work, we propose a new concept which the profile was portable and within user’s personal digital device. The digital device can use the profile and information such as identification, time, location, etc. to find suitable devices and simplify the operation for resource access and increase privacy. Finally, we implement the portable-profile on android phone to achieve the concept.
Electric Field Uniformity Characteristic of a Reverberation Chamber with a Composite QRD
Authors: Rhee Eugene , Lee Ji Hoon
Published: April 2013

This paper presents the electric field characteristics in a reverberation chamber which is an electromagnetic compatibility test facility that uses a stirrer to generate a uniform electric field inside it. In this paper, a diffuser is introduced from acoustics and newly designed to overcome problems of a stirrer. To validate the effect of a diffuser, a composite quadratic residue diffuser and a reverberation chamber are modeled. Then, the field uniformity inside the reverberation chamber is simulated by XFDTD 6.2 simulation program. Simulation results show that the electric field uniformity in the reverberation chamber satisfies the international standard requirement. This shows that the composite quadratic residue diffuser can be substituted for a stirrer.
A Study of Biorthogonal Four-Variable Wavelet Wraps with Three-Scale and Applications in Finance Management
Authors: Li Yong Gan , Wang Xiao Feng
Published: April 2013

Information science focuses on understanding problems from the perspective of the stakeholders involved and then applying information and other technologies as needed. In this paper, the notion of orthogonal nonseparable four-variable wavelet bundles is introduced. A new method for designing them is presented by iteration process. A nice approach for constructing four-variable biorthogonal wavelet bundles is developed. The biorthogonality property of four-variable wavelet bundles is discussed. Biorthogonality relations concerning these wavelet four-variable bundles are derived. A constructive method for affine frames is presented. Moreover, it is shown how to get new Riesz bases of from the wavelet bundles.
Application of Web Data Mining in On-Line Education
Authors: Huang Lin Na , Liu Guo Xiang
Published: April 2013

On-line education, as a new teaching method, introduces Web data mining into on-line education to develop intelligentized and individual construction of resource library and on-line education. Web data mining technology can help to find out education laws and modes to meet different students’ individuation, reaching Network level teaching and improving Network teaching quality. This paper analyses problems existed in current on-line education by pointing out necessary Web data mining technology and its application in on-line education.
Progress on Chitosan Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Carriers
Authors: Xing Zhi Hua
Published: April 2013

To review the progress on chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers, the application of chitosan nanoparticles in the fields of organ targeting, DNA transfection, and non-injection administration are summarized according to recent references. The results showed that chitosan nanoparticles as a new drug carrier have important value of research and extensively development prospect.
A Lightweight Serverless RFID Tag Search Protocol
Authors: Tian Yun , Chen Gong Liang , Li Jian Hua
Published: April 2013

Radio frequency identification (RFID) has been applied to a variety of domains. RFID tag search problem becomes significant when the total number of tags is very large and only the data of a particular tag or a small group of tags are required. This paper proposes a lightweight serverless RFID tag search protocol in conformity with EPC C1G2 standards. The computation operations in the protocol are only PRNG and XOR. The security analysis shows that the protocol achieves authentication, data confidentiality, untraceability and data integrity.
Region-Based Efficient Beam Handover Scheme in IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networks
Authors: Lee Ji Hoon , Rhee Eugene
Published: April 2013

Seamless connectivity in wireless networks is critical for various applications. So, a dynamic beamforming antenna is utilized to improve wireless connectivity. However, using a dynamic beam steering scheme has a key problem when processing a handover between access points (APs). This paper proposed a dynamic beamforming handover (DBH) scheme using the relationship between beam pattern and topology information. Each AP preconfigures the neighbor list and tries to meet what candidate APs are available during handover process. Performance evaluations indicate that the handover latency can be significantly reduced by applying the proposed scheme and the network throughput can be enhanced.
DPRoPHET Routing in Delay Tolerant Network
Authors: Sok Phearin , Lee Sueng Hwan , Kim Kee Cheon
Published: April 2013

PRoPHET uses its delivery predictability of node encounters and transitivity to forward bundles to its neighbor node. Regardless of their distance, it faces delivery dilemmas in a source node and drawbacks of low delivery ratio and high delay in case two or more neighbor nodes carry equal delivery predictability. To solve such consequences, we propose a Distance and Probabilistic Routing Protocol using History of Encounters and Transitivity (DPRoPHET) with the use of cross layer implementation for distance value retrieval. Our simulation results show that, by adding distance metric to the existing delivery predictability vector, DPRoPHET outperforms PRoPHET.
The New Mechanism to Detect and Prevent BlackHole Attacks on AODV-Based MANET
Authors: Tan Sery Vuth , Choi Minh Yuk , Kim Kee Cheon
Published: April 2013

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic wireless network without any infrastructures. The network is weak and vulnerable to many types of attacks. One of these attacks is BlackHole. In this attack, a malicious node advertises itself as having a high sequence number and a shortest path to a specific node to absorb packets. The effect of BlackHole attack on ad-hoc network using AODV as a routing protocol will be examined in this research. We also propose a new mechanism, called DPBA-AODV, to detect and prevent BlackHole attacks on AODV protocol. Simulation result, by using NS2, depicts the efficiency of our proposed mechanism in packet delivery ratio under the presence of BlackHole nodes.
Improvement of the Expert System Shell Pro/3 Sentence Input Function and Exploration of Batch Computers Security Assessment
Authors: Cui Qi Ming , Hu Shao Gang , Zhao Rui , Liu Jun , Liu Sheng Wei , Liu Hong Xing , Fu Zhen Qiang
Published: April 2013

Improvement of the expert system shell Pro/3 sentence record input function is introduced. The function of the Pro/3 inputting disposable a large quantities of sentence records corresponding to a sentence, i.e., batch inputting the sentence records, was implemented . The basic security condition assessment method of some desktop terminal computers in the power supply company was explored to achieve the expert system about these desktop terminal computers basic security condition assessment. Experimental results show that the batch inputting sentence records function is more effective and the desktop terminal computers basic security condition assessment expert system is feasible.
UML Modeling of Diagram Document Online Approval Process
Authors: Wang Yong Ming , Wang Shao Peng
Published: April 2013

Network-based diagram document online approval management is imperative. Focusing on the development of an enterprise diagram document online management system, this paper defined the task node of diagram documentation approval process, and analyzed the corresponding diagram document approval process. According to the change demand, the diagram document change approval process was subdivided into three sub process: problem report approval, change request approval and change approval, and each main node task of the three sub process has been designed. On this basis, the UML activity diagram model of the document change and approval process was established, which is useful to develop the diagram document online approval management system.
Development of an Internet of Civil Infrastructure Framework
Authors: Liaw Der Cherng , Lin Tzu Hsuan
Published: April 2013

Nowadays, the civil infrastructures are subjected to disasters such as fires, floods, and earthquakes. Recently, the novel concept of Internet of Things (IoT) is known to be useful for managing crisis situations via providing a good disaster management and emergency response information. This paper addresses the civil infrastructure issue of health monitoring and disaster management by introducing IoT technology. A concept of internet of civil infrastructure (IoCI) framework is also proposed in this paper. The proposed framework is a three layered architecture. Among them, the top layer is a wireless sensor network (WSN) client which is deployed in civil infrastructure to perform specific tasks such as sensing, data processing, and acknowledgement. The middle layer is an information exchange web service (IEWS) through which all the information such as sensor data, structural health and location are exchanged, while the remaining layer is a mobile device based information platform for data representation, control, and event notification.
Design and Implementation of Wireless Communication System Based on CC1101
Authors: Zi Xin Yun , Wang Yue , Zhao Ling
Published: April 2013

This paper describes a kind of design of wireless communication system based on CC1101 and MSP430 including parts of hardware and software, gives the main program flow, and finally the entire system was tested. Because of its low cost, high reliability, it can be conveniently, separately apply to other serial measurement control system, and to achieve the two-way wireless data transmission.
Management and Compilation for Shop Drawing
Authors: Yu Tao , Kang Zhou , Wang Li Shang
Published: April 2013

According to characteristics of building market in middle east zone，this text mainly introduce the importance，characteristic，compilation process and notice of shop drawing during the project construction especially focus on the compilation process of shop drawing. And during process of shop drawing we briefly introduce how to communicate with consultant for producing the shop drawing and how to manage the shop drawing.
Research on Vehicle Schedule Problem for Drop and Pull Transport of Port
Authors: Zhong Hui Ling , Guo Wei Xiang , Zhang Guan Xiang , Cai Wen Xue
Published: April 2013

The port’s collection and distribution is an important application branch of container drop and pull transport. Taking full account of the problems of empty containers and trailers, the paper explores the vehicle schedule problem in drop and pull transport in import and export businesses. Then this paper designs the corresponding mathematical models and greed algorithms. Finally, the advantages of this transport mode in the utilization of vehicle, transport efficiency and fleet operating costs are verified based on the real production data of Rongqi port in Foshan
An Empirical Analysis of the Regional Influence of FDI on Energy Efficiency in China
Authors: Guo Zhi Fang , Lin Ji Hong , Luo Jing
Published: April 2013

Based the panel data of China from 1997 to 2008, this paper constructed the regional total-factor energy efficiency (TFEE) by using the method of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and then discussed the regional influence of FDI on local energy efficiency. The empirical results show that, FDI improved Chinese average level of energy utilization efficiency; the FDI inflow in the eastern region and the central region improved local energy efficiency, however, western area FDI reduced the energy efficiency. Some policy suggestions are also put forward for energy-saving and emission reduction target.
Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Texture and Structure of Sol-Gel Derived Carbon Nanotube/Silica Composites
Authors: Zheng Chan , Ye Xiao Yun , Xiao Xue Qing
Published: April 2013

The present work studies the structural and textural evolution of sol-gel derived carbon nanotube(CNT)/silica composites during the process of thermal treatment. The composites were prepared by sol-gel technique, and their structural and textural changes were traced by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra, infrared spectra, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that doped CNTs have an impact on the structural and textural evolution of CNT/silica composites during the process of thermal treatment and the CNT/silica composites exhibit good thermal stability during the heat treatment process. However, the composites are not densified even after treatment at 1000°C, quite different from the thermal behaviors of pure silica xerogel, due to the existing of guest CNTs.
Multiple Deliveries of Two-Warehouse Deteriorating Production-Inventory Model
Authors: Chen Hsiao Ching , Hsieh Yao Hung
Published: April 2013

In this study we develop a two-warehouse deteriorating production-inventory model from the perspectives of both the manufacturer and the retailer. The model considered multiple deliveries, partial backordering and inflation. The discounted cash flow (DSF) and optimization technique are also used to derive the optimal solution. A numerical example is given to validate the results of the whole production-inventory system. This study shows that multiple deliveries of the integrated system results in an optimal solution for the manufacturer-retailer supply chain system.
Developing a Model for Risk and Responsibility Management Share Amongst Stakeholders Consortium in Construction Projects
Authors: Ghaffari Alireza
Published: April 2013

The construction project is a complex sector which characterized with low productivity, cost and time overruns and conflicts. The major challenges in construction project risk assessment which may attributed to knowledge requirements for determining the level of uncertainty and development of complex models to predict . Portfolio theory and capital market theory stipulate that risk consists of two types, First, systematic risk, which cannot be controlled, emanates from external factors such as acts of God, natural disasters, market risk, interest-rate risk, and purchasing-power risk. Second, unsystematic risk, which can be controlled, relates to organization-specific factors such as business risk and financial risk (Fischer and Jordan 1996).) . To identifies the risk factors that influence the cost-effective management, operation, and maintenance of construction project, as well as how and when in the project life cycle the identified risk factors impact to the associated costs . The identification and design of risk is the first step of risk management. It contain the recognition of potential risk event conditions in a project and the clarification of risk responsibilities. A total of 50 risk factors on construction for stake holders (client , contractor ,consultant ) share projects were identified after conducting an extensive literature survey. A questionnaire survey was conducted from 60 project managers(20 from each category) in all three proficiencies with background experience in buildings ,road and bridges with minimum 15 years experience , to identify the most significant risk factors impact in construction projects . Interviews were conducted face to face, ensuring a 100 percent response rate. The questionnaire was amended by incorporating feedback of the experts to suit the local environments of the construction industry. The weight or rate of each risk factor gained by using a five-point Liker scale from a consolidated conceptual framework of all 50 risk factors identified from the deep literature work . The main aim of these research is to identify ,categorize and ranking common risks, exert management techniques to address those risks , effective risk management and risk status in the construction industry and to help stakeholders to take stock of their ongoing and future projects, with a focus on important risks, their management techniques and barriers to effective implementation of risk management systems.
Building the Model of Near-Level Coal Deposit
Authors: Wang Qing , Xu Xiao Chuan , Gu Xiao Wei , Zheng You Yi
Published: April 2013

Based on the theory of regular block model constructing of open pit mine, a regular column model was used for a near-level coal deposit to build model. Taking column as unit, inverse distance method was used to valuate. The relevant attributes of each coal deposit in each column was recorded, containing elevation, thickness, coal quality parameters of each coal seam. Based on the ground surface contour, surface level of column model was estimated. According to the problem meeting in the practical application, virtual drill holes, angle exclusive and quadrant method were used to deal with faults, seam boundary and cluster-effect. The application showed that using regular column model could describe the location and thickness variation of seam well and solved the problem which was difficult to calculate the volume of coal and rock accurately when 3D regular block model had coal combined with rock modules.
Stagnant Nonuniform Acoustic Wave
Authors: Tolipov Khoris
Published: April 2013

Studied theoretically and experimentally antisymmetric stagnant waves in an elastic wedge-shaped plate. The solution of the nonuniform problem is obtained with the approxima¬tion that the field nonuniformity is not only small but is slowly changing. For a small angle of the wedge are calculated and measured amplitude in a standing wave. Experimental measure¬ments of the amplitudes of the displacements are fulfilled using the original installation.
Comparison of Three Short Term Wind Power Forecasting Methods
Authors: Chang Wen Yeau
Published: April 2013

An accurate forecasting method for wind power generation of the wind energy conversion system (WECS) is urgent needed under the relevant issues associated with the high penetration of wind power in the electricity system. This paper presents a comparison of three forecasting approaches on short term wind power generation of WECS. Three forecasting methods, namely, persistence method, back propagation neural network method, and radial basis function (RBF) neural network method, are investigated. To demonstrate the performance of three methods, the methods are tested on the practical information of wind power generation of a WECS. The performance is evaluated based on two indexes, namely, maximum absolute error and mean absolute error.
An Overview of Osmotic Power: A Viable Power Generation Technology for Present and Future
Authors: Islam Md. Shahinur , Ali Tausif , Ahmed Ahsan Uddin , Karim Syed Ashraful , Mursalin Hossain
Published: April 2013

World climate change challenges and the world’s consistent growing demand for energy during the past decade have brought the need to explore for more renewable energy resources. The continuation of exploring green energy sources results Osmotic Power- a new emission-free source of sustainable energy that can be used to generate electricity. Osmotic power plant is only feasible in places where rivers flow out to the ocean. The leading virtue of osmotic power is that it would be capable to produce a steady and reliable supply of renewable base load power as an alternative of other variable sources like solar or wind. There are some hurdles to generate osmotic power. Developing suitable membrane and initial construction cost are top on of them. Though Osmotic power is years from commercial feasibility but researchers think that it could provide thousands of terawatts of base load power per year around the globe. This paper presents an overview of osmotic power generation system with the analysis of potential benefits and limitations of it.
Nanostructured Doped Silica Films Application as Sensitive Layers for Chemical Sensors
Authors: Krutovertsev Sergey , Tarasova Alla , Ivanova Olga , Krutovertseva Larisa
Published: April 2013

The sensor behavior of nanostructured doped silica films produced by sol-gel way were examined. Hygroscopic substances and polyoxometalates were used as additives to make more significant sensitive characteristics of initial matrix. Factors that have effect on sol preparation and films forming were investigated. Adsorption activity of the sensitive films was studied and it was shown that the films had a highly developed surface with nano-size pores. Change of initial conditions of sol-gel process gives opportunity to influence on kinetics of gel formation and consequently, on structure and properties of final materials. The study showed that the conditions of the environment affected the sensors characteristics markedly, which can be improved by choosing of the right procedure of forming and treatment. Influence of type and additive substances quantity into doped films was discussed in the paper
Processing, Thermal Behavior and Tensile Properties of PLA/Thermoplastic Starch/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites
Authors: Jalalvandi Esmat , Ghanbari Taravat , Cherghibidsorkhi Hossein , Zeimaran Ehsan , Ilbeygi Hamid
Published: April 2013

Thermoplastic starch, polylactic acid glycerol and maleic anhydride (MA) were compounded with natural montmorillonite (MMT) through a twin screw extruder to investigate the effects of different loading of MMT on tensile properties and thermal behavior of the nanocomposites. Tensile results showed an increased in modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break. However, beyond 3phr of MMT the modulus of samples decreased because the MMT particles agglomerated. The thermal properties were characterized by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results showed that MMT increased melting temperature and crystallization temperature of matrix but reduction in glass transition temperature was observed.
High Performance Transparent Conducting Sb-Doped SnO2 Films Fabricated by Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Zhao Qian , Xu Xue Qing , Xu Gang
Published: April 2013

Sb-doped SnO2 (ATO) films were successfully prepared by the spray-pyrolysis method with SnCl2•2H2O and SbCl3 as precursors. The structural, surface morphological, electrical and optical properties of the films were studied in details. The results indicated that all films consisted of tetragonal cassiterite SnO2 with preferred orientation along (110) and (200) crystal plane. A minimum resistivity as low as 1.59×10-3 Ω∙cm has been achieved. The infrared emissivity of the films on the surface of glass was ca. 0.36, which presents potential application in the low-emission window and building ceramics.
Dynamic and Modulated Mechanical Evaluation of Polymer Structures
Authors: Shanks Robert A. , Asadinezhad Ahmad
Published: April 2013

Mechanical testing is foremost a means to measure material performance, however it provides a probe into the complex elastic, viscoelastic and viscoplastic behavior of polymer morphologies. The techniques in this work utilize variables of time/frequency, temperature, stress and strain with emphasis on dynamic and modulated implementation. Several instruments were used since a particular instrument does not provide all of the capabilities. The material response is complex and it has been resolved into typically instantaneous and time-dependent components. Some of the techniques are widely used and these have been extended, while other techniques introduce control over alternate variables. Polycarbonate was chosen as the main example with support from similar polymers, though the techniques are applied to many polymer types.