bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Learning in High Schools: Practices, Benefits and Challenges in Focus
Authors: Yizengaw Simegn Sendek
Published: February 2025

The main purpose of this research was to examine the practices, benefits and challenges of cooperative learning in high schools of Yeka  Sub-city, Addis Ababa. Descriptive survey design was used, and data were collected from 263 participants who were recruited using  simple random-lottery sampling technique by using questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation and independent sample t-test whereas content analysis was employed to analyze the qualitative data which were collected  using an open-ended questionnaire. The result of the study showed that the response of both teachers’ and students’ towards the  practice of cooperative learning were concentrated on the middle value of the scale of measurement. That is, respondents often rate ‘unable to decide’ about the practice of cooperative learning in relation to its basic elements. But, their responses were far below the  center of the scale on group processing element. On the other hand, teachers were significantly higher than students on group  processing, and on the role of teachers in cooperative learning implementation. Regarding the perceived benefits of cooperative  learning, the responses of both teachers and students showed that they were positioned around the midpoint of the scale. That means,  they were not sure whether to agree or not to agree about the academic, social and psychological benefits of cooperative learning for  students. Concerning demographic variables, female teachers scored significantly greater mean than male counter parts in responding  to the practice of cooperative learning as per its basic elements, and on the role of teachers in facilitating the process. In addition,  statistically significant difference was found between grade 11 and grade 12 students where the latter group of students scored better  acknowledged the involvement of teachers in cooperative learning practices. Uncomfortable time schedule; lack of interest and  motivation and lack of awareness about the importance of cooperative learning were identified as the major challenges which affect i the  practice of cooperative learning. The researchers recommended that preparing awareness raising training and discussion forums for  both teachers and students and integrating the program as part of the regular class are salient for effective implementation of  cooperative learning.
Causality Relationship between Security Challenges and Investment Potential Growth In Nigeria, 1980 to 2024
Authors: Nwadike Chimezie , Azubuike Constance , Omogo Bernard , Onyebuchi Ogbonna
Published: February 2025

This study examined causality relationship betweensecurity challenges and investment growth in eight African countries for the period (1980- 2024). The study considered two objectives, to; investigate the direction of causality relationship between security challenges and investment potential growth in Nigeria, determine the effect of security challenges on investment potentialgrowth in Nigeria. Secondary time series data were used to carry out the empirical analysis. The study employed Pair wise Granger Causality Tests, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips- Perron tests, Co-integration Test. Based on the above econometric and statistical analyses conducted, it was indicated directional or partial causal relationship between security challenges and investment potential growth in Nigeria. It was also observed that security challenges have significant effect on investment potential growth in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that; Nigeria government should invest on security through security literacy program as a national strategy for combating insecurity. Government should upgrade more modern internet security infrastructural facilities in partnership with telecommunication companies and other related service providers. Government security authority should build up trust in securities service by fortification of security institutions operating in Nigeria.
Ameliorative Potentials of N-Acetylcysteine and Vitamin C on Zinc-oxide Nanoparticles Induced Hepato-renal Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Oghenetega Onome B. , Ibrahim Fathia O. , Oghenetega Gloria E. , Animashaun Rufus O. , Okwute Patrick G.
Published: February 2025

Zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are prevalent in various companies and consumer products, raising concerns about their potential toxicity. Vitamin C and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) are known for their antioxidant properties, which may protect against cytotoxicity. However, limited information exists on their effects on ZnO-NPs-induced toxicity. This study investigates the ameliorative effects of N-acetylcysteine and vitamin C on hepato-renal toxicity of Zinc-oxide Nanoparticles in Male Wistar Rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats (100-120g) were grouped namely; Control, ZnO-NPs, ZnO-NPs + NAC, ZnO-NPs + Vit. C, and ZnO-NPs + NAC + Vit. C. ZnO-NPs were administered orally at 200 mg/kg, with treatment groups receiving an additional 100 mg/kg of Vitamin C and NAC. After 28 days, blood samples were collected for analysis, including liver enzymes (AST, ALP, ALT), liver malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), urea, creatinine, and serum zinc levels. ZnO-NPs significantly increased liver creatinine, urea, AST, ALT, MDA, and serum zinc levels compared to the control group (P<0.05). NAC and Vitamin C, alone or combined, significantly reduced liver SOD levels (P<0.05). Co-treatment significantly decreased ALT, urea, and creatinine while significantly increasing liver SOD (P<0.05). NAC and Vitamin C co-treatment alleviated the toxic effects of ZnO-NPs-induced hepato–renal damage in male albino Wistar rats.
In-Vitro and In-Silico Anti-Cariogenic Bacterial Activity of Selected Spices Commonly Consumed in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Agu Georgia C. , Sossou Ibukun T. , Abiola Temitope D. , Afolabi Olubukola T. , Sanusi Ajoke S. , Atunnise Adeleke K.
Published: February 2025

Dental caries is a preventable oral disease simply by practicing good oral hygiene; however, this disease remains a global health challenge due to the difficulties in management and treatment. Onion, ginger, and nutmeg extracts have been reported as potent antibiotics. Thus, the study investigated the efficacy of these three spices against cariogenic bacteria. Samples were collected from consented caried-patients at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Disc and agar well diffusion methods were used to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity of the spices against the isolates, respectively. The anti-cariogenic potential of significant compounds in each of the spices was further assessed against four bacterial target proteins (DNA gyrase B, dihydrofolate reductase (DHF), D-alanine: D-alanine ligase (Ddl1), and Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS). Out of 100 samples collected, hundred and sixty-six (166) isolates were recovered: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (105), Staphylococcus aureus (52), and Streptococcus mutans (9). In-silico studies revealed that kaempferol in onion, luteolin 7-O-glucoside in ginger, and macelignan in nutmeg had high binding affinities for the four target proteins (∆G> -7 kcal/mol). At 100% concentration, onions showed a higher zone of inhibition (20-22 mm) against the tested bacteria. In comparison, diameter zones of 20.33 mm and 20.67 mm for ginger, and 19.67 mm and 16.67 mm for nutmeg were observed against Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. It was also observed that at higher concentrations of 100%, the tested spices had a higher inhibitory effect against the tested bacteria than the control antibiotics.
Berlin: Die Sinfonie der Großstadt (1927)
Authors: Jacobs Steven
Published: February 2025

Berlin: Die Sinfonie der Großstadt [Berlin: Symphony of a City] is a film directed by Walther Ruttmann, co-written by Carl Mayer and Karl Freund, who was also responsible for the cinematography. Together with Manhatta (Strand & Sheeler, 1921), Rien que les heures [Nothing But Time] (Cavalcanti, 1926), and Chelovek s kinoapparatom [Man with a Movie Camera] (Vertov, 1929), the film is one of the best-known examples of a city symphony – a film genre that is also often described as ‘city film’ or ‘city poem’. Portraying the everyday life of a big city, mainly through visual impressions in an experimental and semi-documentary style, Berlin is marked by a script-free open narrative form. Although based on footage shot over a year, events of the film are arranged to simulate the passage of a single day. Unmistakably influenced by the rhythmic, expressive, associative, and metaphorical possibilities of Soviet montage, Ruttmann divided the film into five acts which can be compared to the ‘movements’ of a symphony – in this case, a score written by composer Edmund Meisel. Making the city itself and the urban masses the true protagonists of the film, Ruttmann presents the multicoloured and multifaceted metropolis as the locus of modernity, perfectly exemplified by the leitmotif of moving trains and streetcars that connect the various parts of the film.
The Organizational Conflict Management among Primary School Principals in Negev Region and its Relationship to Teachers’ Organizational Loyalty
Authors: Al-Tory Ibrahim Jadouh , Atari Aref Tawfiq
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to find out the level of organizational conflict management among primary school principals and its relationship to the level of organizational loyalty among teachers in Negev region from the teachers' point of view. The correlational descriptive me thodology was used, through using a questionnaire distributed to a sample of (503) male and female teachers, the results showed that the mean for the level of organizational conflict management ranged between (2.96-3.79), and four of them came to a significant degree, which include; integration, satisfaction, settlement, and avoidance. Domination style came with medium level. The results also showed that the level of organizational loyalty was large, and the results showed a positive, statistically significant relationship between the dimensions of organizational conflict management and organizational loyalty, with the exception of the domain of dominance, where the relationship was negative and statistically significant.
Does Energy Poverty Matter for Decent Employment Among Women in India? An Empirical Insight From the Dissimilarity Index
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Jain Simran , Bal Debi Prasad
Published: February 2025

This study examines the impact of multidimensional energy poverty on women’s access to regular employment opportunities in India and its major states. The World Bank’s “human opportunity index” framework is applied to a sample of 31,611 employed women from the fifth round of the National Family and Health Survey. The findings indicate that energy poverty significantly affects women’s access to regular employment.
EVALUATION OF INHIBITIVE PERFORMANCE OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Dialium guineense ON CORROSION OF MILD STEEL IN 1.0 M HCl SOLUTION
Authors: Amadi O. K , Kalu F. V. , Onaka N. I. , Ogbonnaya O.
Published: February 2025

Aqueous extract of Dialium guineense (DG) leaves behaves as a green corrosion inhibitor to replace toxic chemicals. Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution using weight loss method was studied at different temperatures ranged from 302K to 343 K. The inhibition efficiency is found to increase with increasing concentration of extract and decreases with rise in temperature. The maximum inhibition efficiency 77.77% was obtained at 313 K. The corrosion rate of mild steel increased from 302 K to 343 K but declined from 100 ppm to 1200 ppm of the aqueous extract of DG. The activation energy, thermodynamic parameters (free energy, enthalpy and entropy change) and kinetic parameters for inhibition process were also calculated. These thermodynamic and kinetic parameters indicate a strong interaction between the inhibitor and the metal surface. The adsorption of inhibitor on mild steel surface is exothermic, physical adsorption, and spontaneous reaction. Also adsorption of DG leaves extract on the surface of the mild steel follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was used to calculate the thermodynamic parameter ?Gads. The activation parameters Eact, ?Hact and ?Sact were calculated using Arrhenius equation.
MOTIV VAMPIRA U SRPSKOM PESNIŠTVU ZA DECU
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy, Serbia, Nastasić Lenka S.
Published: February 2025

The paper deals with the representation of the vampire in Serbian po-
etry for children, using the examples of poems by Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, Ljubivoje
Ršumović, Dobrica Erić, Mladen Milosavljević, and Andrija Milošević. Bearing in
mind that children’s literature does not necessarily shy away from elements of hor-
ror and fantasy, we will be considering how many frightening ideas about vampires
children’s poetry actually has, while simultaneously trying to consider the ways of
metamorphosis of the observed motif. Through the analysis of individual poems by
Serbian poets that contain the motif of vampires, the aim is to get an overview of
the ways in which the idea of a vampire was formed, as well as observing possible
variations in their structure. Therefore, the paper aims to identify the similarities
and differences between the given processing of the motif, which would lead to bet-
ter understanding of the function of integrating the vampire motif into poetry and
children’s literature in general.
EROTIKA SMRTI U NASTASIJEVIĆEVOJ PRIPOVECI „ZAPIS O DAROVIMA MOJE ROĐAKE MARIJE”
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Serbia, Savić Danica M.
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a narratological interpretation of Momčilo Nastasijević’s
short story A Record of the Gifts of My Cousin Marija is presented. The structure of
the fantastic, on which this story rests, serves as a horizon where the taboo of the
dead and the taboo of bloodshed intersect. The magnetic nature of the eros between
the dead Mary and her relative is revealed through the amorous eros that strives
for bloodshed as a union with its kindred. The ban on touching her gifts is actually
a provocation to break it in order to reveal the secret that attracts the relatives to
each other. The eroticism of death is based on an incomplete rite of initiation, on the
ignorance of male eros. Since Mary is the bride of death, going to her is equivalent to
descending into the world of the dead, which transforms her cousin into the bride-
groom of death. Through the intersection of this side and the other side, through the
eroticism of distance, the erotic event is sublimated as entering the erotic space. The
stolen gifts - Mary’s embroidered slippers - according to the pars pro toto logic have
the value of kidnapping Mary herself, which is an archetypal image of marriage in
which the violence of the male eros is recognized.
A pharmacological approaches on moringa oleifera plant- a brief review
Authors: M Rupesh Kumar , M Nikitha , V Meera , S Umakanth B , C Mahesh , R Bharathi D , B Ramesh
Published: February 2025

In the last few decades use of traditional drugs has led to the popularization of herbal drugs because of their lesser side effects. This has led to the exploitation of the natural origin of many traditional plants for their pharmacological activities. Moringa oleifera one such traditional plant contains flavonoids, rhamnose, glucosinolate, isocytosinate, phenolic acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids which shows anti-microbial, anti-fungal, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and other pharmacological activities. The present review is to highlight the phytoconstituents, pharmacological effects and uses of Moringa oleifera over various diseases.
A systemic review on neuroprotective potential of cucurbita pepo on neurological disease
Authors: Mani Rupesh Kumar , Bose Madhura.M , Mittal Swati , A Muthukumar , Md Salahuddin
Published: February 2025

Neurodegeneration has become a very serious issue in all over the world and in order to curb the same, it is better to opt for natural therapy to prevent future occurrence and retrogression of the disease. The Pharma-market is outflown with various chemical derived drugs with long term side-effects and no assurance for complete cure. Alternative to this would be herbal treatment which may be underrated yet have high prospective for preventing progression or stagnation of the disease. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of various parts of Cucurbita pepo (C.pepo) for treating different neurodegenerative related symptoms and disorders by exhibiting various biological activity as neuroprotectant, antioxidant, nootropic, anti-depressant and anti-parkinsonian agent.
Self nano emulsifying drug delivery system
Authors: Pammi Sai Akhila
Published: February 2025

To manage the substantial mess associated with conventional drug delivery frameworks, a high level way of conveyance framework has been developed. An extensive design about a nano emulsion framework is provided by this survey. The purpose of nano emulsions is to enhance the delivery of essential medicinal ingredients. They are nano estimated emulsions. When normal pharmaceuticals and nanotechnology combine, it helps the drug trade since the nano transporters can increase the limousines, control the plant's healing benefits, and reduce the amount of secondary effects that are required. One seemingly revolutionary approach to addressing the problems associated with their oral circulation is the use of self-nano-emulsifying drug-delivery frameworks (SNEDDSS). SNEDDSS are compiled of an oil stage, co-solvable surfactant, and surfactant. The normal range of nano emulsion drop size is between 20 and 200 nm. The primary difference between emulsion and nano emulsion is the composition and size of the particles dispersed in the uniform stage. Oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant are kept on three separate associations to depict the three constituents' pyramidal stage outline.
A Review on neuroprotective potency of crocus sativum L for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Potu Harikrishna
Published: February 2025

Regarding cognitive impairment in people suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD), crocus sativus L., or saffron, appears to have neuroprotective properties. Reviewing the data and mechanisms underlying saffron-induced therapeutic advantages and quantifiable cognitive gains in AD is the aim of this investigation. Preclinical and clinical trials were found after a review of the literature. The following criteria were used to choose preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies: 1) establishing a pharmacological profile for saffron based on biological or biophysical endpoints; 2) assessing the effectiveness of saffron using animal screens as an AD model; and 3) keeping the trials open for a minimum of three months. The patient's age was one of the selection criteria for the clinical research.3) suitable methods to evaluate cognitive, functional, and clinical state; and 4) a diagnosis of AD based on the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIAAA) criteria. During an initial phase, a total of 1477 studies published up until November 2020 were discovered, 24 of which satisfied the inclusion criteria and were chosen for this review.
Cardiac Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Thirumalasetty Sai Sravanthi
Published: February 2025

Across the globe, one of the most common reasons for admission to emergency departments (EDs) is acute coronary syndrome, or ACS. Evaluation of clinical signs and symptoms, electrocardiographic examination, and testing of cardiac circulating biomarkers are all part of the diagnosis process for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In order to get a broad notion of the extent of muscle damage, biomarkers, which are protein molecules released into the bloodstream from cardiac muscle injured by a blocked artery, are analyzed. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) total enzyme activity tests have been used in early biomarker assessment; nevertheless, these tests have been incredibly nonspecific. the CK-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) measured in bulk as opposed to myoglobin and activity. Therefore, specific cardiac indicators are essential for detecting AMI. These markers include cardiac troponin and creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB), which are produced in myocardial cell injury. There are new biomarkers that can be used to diagnose acute coronary syndromes that are more sensitive and specific. From the earliest introduction of AST in the 1950s to the latest high-sensitivity troponin immunoassays in the 2010s, this article offers a chronology of the significant events that marked the growth of cardiac biomarker testing and the development of the related assays.
A Closer Look at Guillain-Barre Syndrome and its Variants
Authors: Shaik Abdul Rehaman
Published: February 2025

The name "Guillain-Barré Syndrome" (GBS) is used to refer to a group of clinically and electrophysiologically diverse illnesses that are all characterized by acute onset regional or widespread flaccid paralysis, either with or without sensory loss. Clinically, GBS can manifest as circumscribed involvement, generalized weakness, or the uncommon central nervous system involvement known as Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis. Axonal or demyelinating characteristics may exist electrophysiologically, and these characteristics can impact a patient's prognosis. It's critical to distinguish GBS from other mimics by understanding its variations. Differentiating between GBS variations may be aided by nerve conduction testing and anti-ganglioside antibodies. New therapeutic approaches are being developed based on the pathophysiology of GBS variations, even though existing treatment guidelines are comparable for different subtypes. This article provides an overview of our current knowledge regarding the etiology and clinical characteristics of GBS and its variations.
A Review on Gene Therapy of Genetic Disorders
Authors: Adavi Saida
Published: February 2025

Numerous intricate and untreatable ailments are brought on by genetic diseases. Each person's unique DNA sequence is encoded, and the mitochondrial, nuclear, and microbial metagenomes all contain a wealth of disease-causing genes. The use of next-generation DNA sequencing has brought these disorders' diagnoses together. Nonetheless, one of the key objectives is still to convert particular genetic diagnosis into tailored genetic treatments. Genetic therapies can be divided into three main categories thus far: replacing the damaged genetic compartments in large quantities with a new exogenous genome; adding extra genetic material to compensate for genetic errors without targeting it; and, most recently, using gene editing to directly correct the alterations that are causing the problems. The development of new generations of curative genetic medicines will be accelerated by the use of generalized techniques for diagnosis, treatment, and reagent administration into each genetic compartment.
THE DEGREE OF ATTACK PRODUCED BY Bruchus pisorum L. IN AVATAR AND ALVESTA CULTIVARS
Authors: Ghiorghe Cristina , Gheorghe Marian Robert , Mitrea Ion
Published: February 2025

Field pea is a crop with increased importance, because it is a rich source of proteins, carbohydrates and some minerals in human nutrition, but also animal feed. In crop systems, it also plays a significant role by improving the soil due to symbiotic nitrogen and its fixing capacity. Crop losses caused by insects are a threat to food security as a result of global growth. Production is the first to be affected by Bruchus pisorum, being the most important pest from an economic point of view, which causes significant losses in the pea crop. Infested seeds show reduced germination because the embryo is consumed and the grains can no loger produce new plants. The biological material was represented by two pea varieties, Alvesta and Avatar, analyzed in four repetitions, the frequency of the attack, the intensity and the degree of the attack produced by the weevil. The experience was established in the experimental field within the SCDA Pitesti station, where the treated variants were achieved by treating the seed with an ecological product.
Lipoprotein (a) in the context of atherosclerosis: pathological implications and therapeutic perspectives in myocardial infarction. A narrative review
Authors:   Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Buciu Ionuţ Cezar , Ţieranu Eugen Nicolae ,   Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Pîrcălabu Andreea Ştefania ,   Department of Oncology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Zlatian Ovidiu Mircea ,   Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Donoiu Ionuţ ,   Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Cioboată Ramona ,   Department of Pneumology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Militaru Constantin ,   Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Militaru Sebastian ,   Clinic of Cardiology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Botezat Mihai-Marius ,   Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
Published: February 2025

Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a recognized independent cardiovascular (CV) risk factor with significant implications in the morphopathology of atherosclerotic plaques, particularly in the context of myocardial infarction (MI). Structurally, Lp(a) consists of a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle covalently bound to apolipoprotein A (ApoA), and its resemblance to plasminogen (PLG) underpins its dual proatherogenic and prothrombotic effects. Elevated Lp(a) levels disrupt endothelial repair mechanisms, enhance the deposition of oxidized LDL, and promote foam cell formation, which are critical for the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Pathologically, atherosclerotic plaques associated with Lp(a) display hallmark features of instability, including thin fibrous caps, increased macrophage infiltration, calcification, and fragile neovascularization. These features contribute to plaque ruptures and thrombotic complications. Additionally, the structural similarity of Lp(a) to PLG interferes with fibrinolysis, creating a prothrombotic environment that exacerbates the risk of acute ischemic events. Genetic and non-genetic factors influence plasma Lp(a) concentrations, with significant inter-individual and ethnic variability contributing to varying CV risk profiles. Despite advancements in the understanding of the pathophysiological role of Lp(a), effective therapeutic options remain limited. Current management focuses on mitigating traditional CV risk factors, while emerging therapies, such as antisense oligonucleotides and short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) targeting hepatic ApoA production, offer promising avenues for reducing Lp(a) levels. Further clinical validation of these therapies is warranted. This review underscores the importance of incorporating Lp(a) measurement into routine CV risk assessment and emphasizes the need for continued research on its morphopathological impacts and therapeutic modulation, with the aim of reducing the burden of atherosclerosis and MI.
Histopathological parameters and immunoexpression of CD45RO (CLA) and CD68 in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors:   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Enache Irina , Stepan Alex Emilian ,   Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Pathology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Anghelina Florin ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Vîlcea Ionică Daniel ,   Department of General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; IInd General Surgery Department, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Stepan Mioara Desdemona ,   Department of Infant Care, Pediatrics and Neonatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Ist Pediatrics Department, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania, Mogoantă Carmen Aurelia ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Osman Andrei ,   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Craiova, Romania
Published: February 2025

Nasal polyps develop as a result of inflammation of the nasal and sinus mucosa. Allergies and nasal infections cause inflammation, and these are the main reasons why these symptoms appear in the first place. This study highlights the involvement of macrophages, as well as T- and B-lymphocytes, in the pathophysiology of nasal polyps. For the evaluation of lymphocyte activity, we analyzed the immunoexpression of cluster of differentiation 45RO [CD45RO; common leukocyte antigen (CLA)] and for macrophages we analyzed the immunoexpression of cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68). Our research, conducted on 110 sinonasal polyps harvested from chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps, focused on analyzing both the epithelial and stromal compartments in relation to pre-established composite scores. Additionally, specific histopathological parameters were included in the study. We concluded that the inflammatory cells were more prevalent in the stromal compartment compared to the epithelial compartment. The statistical evaluation of CD45RO (CLA) and CD68 scores in the stromal compartment were also associated with high histological composite scores.
Immunoexpression of E-cadherin, β-catenin and Ezrin in non-small cell lung carcinomas
Authors:   PhD Student, Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Grecu Daniela Florentina , Andreiana Bianca Cătălina ,   Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Mărgăritescu Claudiu ,   Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Grecu Alexandru Florian ,   Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology Surgery, University of Pharmacy and Medicine of Craiova, Romania, Zorilă Marian Valentin ,   Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Marinescu Daniela ,   Department of General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Stepan Alex Emilian ,   Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
Published: February 2025

Lung cancer continues to have the highest mortality rate in the world, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) representing the most common tumor form. The therapeutic interference of the tumor intercellular adhesion disruption mechanisms can provide therapeutic targets to improve the patients’ prognosis. The study included 52 cases diagnosed with NSCLC, for which the immunohistochemical expressions of E-cadherin, β-catenin and Ezrin were analyzed in relation to the epidemiological and histological prognostic parameters. The histopathological analysis indicated the predominance of high-grade acinar adenocarcinoma (ADK) and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with frequent vascular invasion and in stages II–IV. Final staining scores (FSS) of E-cadherin were superior in the case of acinar, lepidic and papillary ADK, with a high degree of differentiation, without vascular invasion and in initial tumor stages. The same aspect was also observed in the case of β-catenin reactions, which were present only at the membrane level, increased FSS being also present in the case of mucinous carcinomas. The membrane/cytoplasmic immunoexpression of Ezrin was superior in the case of cribriform, solid, micropapillary, lepidic and non-keratinized squamous carcinomas, with vascular invasion and in advanced tumor stages. Membrane reactions of Ezrin prevailed only in the case of acinar, lepidic and papillary ADK. The negative linear correlation of E-cadherin and β-catenin with Ezrin and the relationships of the markers with the histological parameters of NSCLC indicate their utility potential for the identification of aggressive malignant lung tumors.
Gingival overgrowth in fixed orthodontic therapy
Authors:   PhD Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Polyclinic of Dental and Oral–Maxillofacial Surgery of Craiova, Romania, Rădeanu Alina Cristina , Liliac Ilona Mihaela ,   Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Munteanu Maria Cristina ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Surpăţeanu Mihai ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Pătru Ciprian Laurenţiu ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Andrei Elena Cristina ,   Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
Published: February 2025

The oral mucosa can suffer a series of traumatic injuries from various causes (bacterial plaque, tartar, fillings, incorrectly adapted prosthesis). A risk factor generating periodontal diseases is represented by fixed orthodontic therapy, if the forces exerted on it are excessive. These forces cause more or less extensive injuries both on the surface and in depth. One of these lesions is gingival hypergrowth. Early injuries concern only the superficial periodontium and are represented by mild or moderate inflammation, gingival hypergrowth, which can be reversible after removing the irritating factor (bacterial plaque, tartar). Advanced injuries are characterized by major clinical, radiological and tissue changes that cause the destruction of the deep periodontium (alveolar bone, deep ligament). Hypergrowth changes may occur at the epithelial level with reduced conjunctival reaction or may predominantly involve fibro-connective structures of the chorion with insignificant reaction in the epithelial component. Through this study, we highlight superficial and deep changes at the gingival and periodontal level.
Effectiveness of conservative methods for plantar fasciitis treatment in athletes
Authors: Slivin A. V. , Karmazin V. V. , Shlykov K. A. , Parastaev S. A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a multifactorial pathology that restricts an athlete’s training and competitive activities, leading to premature termination of a sports career in some cases. The search for optimal conservative treatment methods that may improve the overall therapy effectiveness represents an important task of sports medicine.

Objective. Development of a differentiated approach to conservative treatment of athletes suffering from PF, taking the biomechanical features of the disease into account.

Materials and methods. The study involved 82 athletes, including 37 men and 45 women suffering from unilateral PF with a median age of 30 (23; 34) years. The participants were divided into four groups depending on the type of therapeutical action: Group 1 — shock wave therapy (ESWT); Group 2 — vibration therapy combined with myofascial release of the muscles of the posterior thigh and shin; Group 3 — individual orthoses of the feet; Group 4 — a combination of vibration therapy, myofascial release, individual orthoses of the feet. The tested therapeutic measures were assessed by the dynamics of pain syndrome, the results of baropodometry, the severity of tension in the thigh and shin muscles, and changes in the thickness of plantar aponeurosis.

Results. All the studied treatment methods showed varying degrees of effectiveness in reducing pain (p < 0.001), reducing the thickness of plantar aponeurosis (p < 0.05), normalizing plantar pressure in the posterior and anterior parts of the affected foot (p < 0.05), and increasing the postural stability of athletes according to objective indicators (p < 0.05). The use of ESWT resulted in the most pronounced reduction in pain. In Groups 2 (vibration therapy and myofascial release) and 3 (individual foot orthoses), a statistically significant decrease in muscle tension in the posterior shin group was observed (p < 0.05). In addition, in Group 2, the angle of dorsiflexion of the ankle joint increased significantly (p < 0.05). Group 4 (combined treatment) demonstrated the highest level of biomechanical stability.

Conclusions. ESWT demonstrates a high effectiveness in relieving a pronounced acute process. In cases where an athlete experiences some biomechanical disorders or deformities of the foot, orthoses of the feet are advisable. In case of tension of the shin muscles and limitation of dorsiflexion, vibration therapy combined with myofascial release is recommended.
Os valores civilizatórios africanos e indígenas nas práticas de fortalecimento da cultura de paz nas escolas brasileiras
Authors: Elmôr Elisandra Campos Souza , Âmbar Rafael Vieira
Published: February 2025

Com enfoque nos debates de promoção de cultura de paz como resposta ao enfrentamento das violências nas escolas brasileiras, este artigo, busca apresentar que valores semelhantes ao que propõe a cultura de paz já estão presentes nas culturas dos povos africanos e indíge-nas, mas que precisam ser ensinados e vivenciados nas escolas do Brasil como fator para transformações sociais. A proposta do artigo advoga na centralidade de valores civilizatórios originários de África - que se difere do antirracismo que é da categoria ocidental -  e está relacionado a valores que permeiam a  diversidade, a comunidade, o respeito pela natureza e todos os seres que a compõem, ou seja, são essenciais para repensar as relações sociais e étnico-raciais a fim de trilhar caminhos que possam superar as práticas violentas que são concebidas pelas limitações hegemônicas do currículo padrão eurocentrado ao extremo. Como resultado, o artigo alerta que a cultura de paz está diretamente ligada às leis 10.639/2003 e 11.645/2008 uma vez que o propósito social e coletivo de paz está conectado ao enfrentamento das desigualdades que mantém as violências e giram em torno das ques-tões raciais que marcam o processo histórico-social do Brasil.
Análise do conto “Motivo”, de Marta Helena Cocco
Authors: Schneider Tamires
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o conto “Motivo”, inserido na obra “Não presta pra nada” de Marta Helena Cocco, publicada em 2016. O conto retrata a vivência de uma mãe e seu filho que sofre bullying na escola. Barthes (2002) afirma que a literatura possui três forças, a mathesis, mimesis e semiosis, dessa forma se analisará como o conto “Motivo” se constitui dessas três forças da literatura. Considera-se o conto como objeto literário que tem potencial de causar efeito de transcendência no leitor (BERNARDO, 1999), pois o leitor vai conectando os vazios e as negações do texto para formar o objeto imaginário. (ISER, 1996).
АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ ИМПЕРСКОЙ ВЛАСТИ: ХАКЕНТСКИЕ ЗЕМЛИ И АДВОКАТ С. ЛАПИН
Authors: Алимджанов Бахтиёр
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается «хакентское дело», которое возникло после восстания Дукчи ишана в 1898 году. За это дело взялся известный адвокат С. Лапин защищавший интересы местного населения перед имперскими властями. В статье анализируется причина отказа имперских властей не удовлетворять прошение местных жителей.
SOVET HOKIMIYATINING 1917-1943-YILLARIDA OʻZBEKISTON SSR DA AMALGA OSHIRGAN DINIY SIYOSATI
Authors: Najmiddinov Boburmirzo
Published: February 2025

Islom dini asrlar davomida oʻzbek xalqining asosiy diniy eʼtiqodi sifatida mavjud boʻlgan. Buni yaxshi bilgan sovetlar oʻzlarining hokimiyatining dastlabki yillaridanoq Turkiston mintaqasida asrlar davomida mavjud boʻlgan bu diniga qarshi kurasha boshladilar. Ushbu maqolada Sovet hokimiyatining Oʻzbekiston SSRda amalga oshirgan diniy siyosatning salbiy oqibatlari turli adabiyot va arxiv materiallari orqali tahlil qilib berilgan.
GENDER TENGLIGINI TAʼMINLASHNING IQTISODIY-IJTIMOIY OMILLARI
Authors: Ochilova Nigora
Published: February 2025

Ushbu maqola gender tengligini taʼminlashning iqtisodiy va ijtimoiy omillariga bagʻishlangan. Maqolada ayollar va erkaklar oʻrtasidagi tenglikni taʼminlash uchun zarur boʻlgan omillar — taʼlim, mehnat bozori, ijtimoiy xizmatlar, qonunchilik, sogʻliqni saqlash, madaniyat va ijtimoiy stereotiplar kabi asosiy sohalardagi muammolar va ularni hal etish usullari muhokama qilingan. Gender tengligini taʼminlash nafaqat ijtimoiy adolatga erishish, balki iqtisodiy oʻsish va barqaror taraqqiyotga ham olib keladi. Maqola, shuningdek, gender tengligini taʼminlash uchun davlat, xususiy sektor va fuqarolik jamiyatining hamkorligini muhim omil sifatida koʻrsatib oʻtadi. Maqola aholi orasida gender tengligini taʼminlashga qaratilgan chora-tadbirlarning ahamiyatini, hamda busohadagi ijobiy oʻzgarishlarni aniqlab, ularni amalga oshirish uchun zarur boʻlgan strategik yoʻnalishlarni yoritadi.
EKOLOGIK XAVFSIZLIK TUSHUNCHASINING MOHIYATI VA XUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: Kurbanbaeva Ulbosin
Published: February 2025

Ekologik xavfsizlik tushunchasi insoniyatning tabiat bilan muvozanatli munosabatlarini taʼminlash, atrof-muhitni ifloslanish va buzilishlardan himoya qilish, shuningdek, kelajak avlodlar uchun barqaror sharoitlarni yaratishga qaratilgan muhim tushunchadir. Ushbu maqolada ekologik xavfsizlikning mohiyati, uning asosiy xususiyatlari koʻrib chiqiladi.
IJTIMOIY-KASBIY FAOLIYAT JARAYONIDA SUN’IY INTELLEKTNING INSON SALOHIYATIGA TA’SIRI
Authors: Xolmirzaev Xurshid
Published: February 2025

Ushbu maqolada ijtimoiy-kasbiy faoliyat jarayonida sun’iy intellektning inson salohiyatiga ko‘rsatayotgan ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Axloqiy, huquqiy va kasbiy rivojlanish nuqtai nazaridan sun’iy intellektnning ijodiy qobiliyatlarni rivojlantirishdagi o‘rni va imkoniyatlari yoritib beriladi.
INTERNET DISKURSIDA FOYDALANILADIGAN EMOJILARNING LISONIY VA MADANIY JIHATLARI
Authors: Mahmudova Umida
Published: February 2025

Ushbu maqolada ijtimoiy tarmoqlarning ingliz va oʻzbek tiliga taʼsiri tahlil qilinadi. Zamonaviy texnologiyalar rivojlanishi natijasida til leksikasi, grammatikasi va stilistikasi oʻzgarib bormoqda. Facebook, Twitter kabi platformalar yangi soʻz va iboralarning paydo boʻlishiga sabab boʻlib, ularning ayrimlari rasmiy lugʻatlarga ham kiritilmoqda. Shuningdek, qisqartmalar, emoji va yangi kommunikativ uslublar internet tilining shakllanishiga taʼsir koʻrsatmoqda. Tadqiqot natijalari ijtimoiy tarmoqlarning til taraqqiyotiga qanday taʼsir qilayotganini tushunishga yordam beradi.
IMPORTANT SUBJECTS OF COMPARATIVE AND CONTRASTIVE PHILOLOGICAL STUDIES AND TRANSLATION DIFFICULTIES OF STRUCTURAL–SEMANTIC MODELS OF PROVERBS
Authors: Мadalov Navruz
Published: February 2025

This article is devoted to describing numerous approaches of creating linguistic models that encompass the semantic–structural organization of proverbs verbalizing moral and ethical relationships in English and Russian. During the analysis of these models, attention was focused on the methods of verbalizing the invariant within the microtext using specific words or semantic units.
IJTIMOIY TENGLIK TUSHUNCHASI (INGLIZ UTOPIYALARI VA O‘ZBEK DOSTONLARI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Davranov Akmal
Published: February 2025

Mazkur tadqiqot Oʻzbek xalq dostonlari va ingliz utopiyalarida ijtimoiy tenglik tushunchasining lingvistik va badiiy aks ettirilishini oʻrganishga qaratilgan. Tadqiqotda, ijtimoiy tenglik gʻoyasi qanday badiiy va lingvistik vositalar orqali ifodalanganligi, obrazlar tizimi, leksik birliklar va badiiy tasvir vositalari tahlil qilinadi. Oʻzbek xalq dostonlarida ijtimoiy tenglik adolat, jamoaviylik va xalqqa xizmat qilish kabi gʻoyalar orqali aks etgan boʻlsa, ingliz utopiyalarida esa ideal jamiyatni yaratish va ijtimoiy tizimlarni mukammallashtirishga qaratilgan yondashuv ustunlik qilgan. Tadqiqotda bu ikki adabiy yoʻnalishning umumiy va farqli jihatlari, shuningdek, har bir madaniyatda ijtimoiy tenglik gʻoyasining talqini koʻrib chiqiladi.
TARJIMASHUNOSLIKDA PRAGMATIKANING OʻRNI
Authors: Yuldasheva Aziza
Published: February 2025

Ushbu maqola tarjimashunoslikda pragmatikaning ahamiyatini tahlil qilishga bagʻishlangan. Tadqiqotda tarjima jarayonida pragmatik omillarning rolini aniqlash, ularning matnning kommunikativ maqsadi va madaniy kontekstga mosligiga taʼsiri oʻrganiladi. Maqolada pragmatik unsurlar tarjima jarayonida lingvistik, madaniy va kontekstual tafovutlarni bartaraf etishda muhim omil sifatida qaraladi. Tarjima amaliyotida yashirin maʼno qatlamlari va kommunikativ vazifalarni saqlab qolishning zarurligi koʻrsatilib, semiotik va empirik tahlillar asosida muhim xulosalar chiqariladi. Tadqiqot natijasida tarjimashunoslikda pragmatik yondashuvning zarurligi ilmiy va amaliy jihatdan asoslab beriladi.
THE PRAGMATIC FUNCTIONS OF IRONY
Authors: Narzikulova Rayhona
Published: February 2025

In this article, the pragmatic functions of irony in communication and literature are analyzed, its role in enhancing meaning is studied. Each form serves a specific purpose, such as strengthening social ties and criticizing social norms. This article analyzes the various uses of irony and shows how irony can provoke thought, evoke emotion, and facilitate deeper reflection on the finer points of life. Although irony enriches speech, it creates difficulties in interpretation and emphasizes the need for a shared context between speaker and audience. Irony emerges as a vital rhetorical device that reflects the complexity of human expression and interaction.
OʻZBEK TILIDA KOʻP MAʼNOLILIK, SINONIMIYA, OMONIMIYA VA ULARNING ELEKTRON TEZAURUSDA AKS ETISHI
Authors: Najmiddinov Muhammadjon
Published: February 2025

Ushbu maqolada oʻzbek tilidagi koʻp maʼnolilik (polisemiya), sinonimiya va omonimiya hodisalari tahlil qilinib, ularning elektron tezаurusda aks ettirilish tamoyillari oʻrganiladi. Tadqiqot davomida WordNet tizimi modeli misolida leksik-semantik munosabatlarning tizimlashtirilishi va ularning tabiiy tilni qayta ishlash (NLP) sohasidagi oʻrni aniqlanadi. Polisemantik birliklarning turli kontekstlardagi qoʻllanilishi, sinonimik qatorlarning tasnifi hamda omonimik birliklarning elektron tizimga moslashtirilishi koʻrib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari oʻzbek tilining elektron tezаurusini yaratish boʻyicha nazariy va amaliy asoslarni shakllantirishga xizmat qiladi.
KOMPYUTER LINGVISTIKASI VA SUNʼIY INTELLEKTNING TILGA TAʼSIRI
Authors: Tashpulatova Mukambar
Published: February 2025

Mazkur tadqiqotda sunʼiy intellekt va kompyuter lingvistikasining til tizimiga taʼsiri atroflicha oʻrganildi. Sunʼiy intellekt yordamida matnni qayta ishlash, tarjima qilish va nutqni sintez qilish kabi jarayonlarning rivojlanishi tahlil qilinib, ularning cheklovlari hamda imkoniyatlari baholandi. NLP tizimlari tabiiy tilni sintaktik va semantik jihatdan qayta ishlay olsa-da, pragmatik anglash borasida inson tafakkuridan farq qiladi. Shuningdek, avtomatik tarjima tizimlarining madaniy va kontekstual tafovutlarni toʻliq anglashga qodir emasligi kuzatildi. AI asosidagi matn yaratish tizimlari inson yozuviga oʻxshash ifodalar hosil qilishga muvaffaq boʻlsa-da, baʼzan takroriylik va kontekstdan chetga chiqish muammolarini keltirib chiqarishi mumkin. Maqola sunʼiy intellektning tilshunoslikka taʼsirini yanada chuqur oʻrganish va uni inson nutqiga yaqinlashtirish yoʻnalishida ishlanmalarni davom ettirish zaruriyatini ochib beradi.