bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who’s Missing from School Choice Research?
Authors: Golden Monique N , Holder Shannon R , Anagnostopoulos Dorothea , Weiner Jennie M
Published: June 2023

Using Cooper’s (2005) framework of positioned school choice, and its orientation towards providing a more nuanced and inclusive view of how social power and privilege shape and legitimize school choice decisions, this basic interpretive qualitative study (Merriam, 2009) traces how four Black mothers and their eighth-grade daughters chose their high schools. We find the daughters largely controlled the application process and made the final selections of schools. Mothers played a facilitative role, providing their daughters with information from their social networks while supporting their daughters’ independent goal-setting and decision-making. The study thus illustrates how school choice decisions for Black girls are fundamentally shaped by Black “motherwork” (Cooper, 2007). Our findings both extend current research on school choice by centering the experiences and decision-making approaches of Black families residing in urban, low-income, and segregated communities and open possibilities for more culturally relevant and aligned interventions to support these families as well as to reform school choice processes to be more inclusive and just.
Because We're Unique
Authors: Strong Kellan Washington
Published: June 2023

This qualitative study explores the literacy and language practices of Black adolescent girls as they read and make meaning of a critical text, Angie Thomas’ The Hate U Give (2017). The focus of this inquiry was to broadly examine how societal and situational factors influence the ways in which Black adolescent girls made sense of the novel, which functions as a culturally responsive critical text. This study embraces the Black Girls’ Literacy Framework first created by Muhammad and Haddix (2016) and two interconnected research questions from that framework drove this study: (a) How do Black adolescent girls enact critical literacy practices? and (b) How do Black adolescent girls respond to a culturally responsive critical text? Data were gathered from three Black adolescent girl participants in the form of two semi-structured interviews, a focus group, and written journal entries in response to the novel. Critical discourse analysis was utilized to analyze data across a societal domain, as well as across institution and situation. This study contributes to the current body of literature by positioning Black girls at the center of their literate lives and bringing visibility to the ways in which their intersectional identities (race, class, and gender) influence the ways in which they enact their literacy practice.
Desa Wisata dan Prinsip Keberlanjutan
Authors: Siahaya Aletheia Deandra , Nuryanti Wiendu
Published: June 2023

Title: Tourism Village and the Principles of Sustainability, Case Study: Negeri Oma, Central Moluccas Regency
 
The issue of sustainability becomes essential when a village or area is to be developed as a tourist destination because it has the potential to impact the life and environment of an area. Negeri Oma has been listed as one of the developing tourist villages in Central Mollucas Regency, according to the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, since 2021. Some of its natural uniqueness are natural freshwater springs called Air Asol, natural hot springs, namely Air Panas Asol And Air Panas Bak, Pantai Sila, and the Tanjung Simale, scattered in the Negeri Oma Tourism Village area. The carrying capacity of tourism that has been owned is the availability of land and sea transportation, the availability of tourism and non-tourism supporting facilities, and the involvement of local communities. Research on tourism villages and sustainability principles uses descriptive research methods with a tourism architecture approach, in which data and information from the field are examined and supported by theories related to the research topic. The study results show that the development of the Negeri Oma Tourism Village has led to sustainable tourism. However, some deficiencies still require improvement and support from various parties so that tourism actors can continuously improve and enjoy the implementation principles.
Tweets Emotions Analysis of Community Activities Restriction as COVID-19 Policy in Indonesia Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Sutranggono Abi Nizar , Imah Elly Matul
Published: June 2023

With the rising number of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia, the government has implemented the Imposition of Restrictions on Emergency Community Activities (Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat - PPKM) as Indonesia’s COVID-19 policy. Several controversies and protests have colored the implementation of this emergency policy. Some netizens on Twitter voice their opinions about the policy in their tweets. Emotions in tweets can be recognized through text-based emotion detection or emotion analysis. However, textbased emotion detection is a challenging task. One of the main issues in classifying text with a machine learningbased approach deals with the feature dimensions. As a result, appropriate methods for accurately identifying emotion based on the text are required. The research studies an emotions analysis task on Indonesians’ PPKMrelated tweets to understand their emotional state while implementing the PPKM. The machine learning classification algorithms used are Support Vector Machine (SVM) and random forest. The total number of tweets is 4,401. The results show that SVM with linear kernel function combined with the TF-IDF and Chi-Square methods outperforms other classifiers with an accuracy of 0.7528. The accuracy value is higher than those obtained by previous studies. Moreover, the results of the emotion classification on PPKM tweets reveal that most Indonesians are unhappy with the implementation of the PPKM policy.
Operasi Dasar Baris/Kolom Matriks Secara Interaktif Dengan Menggunakan R
Authors: Yudistira I Gusti Agung Anom , Nariswari Rinda
Published: June 2023

The linear algebra applications available today usually only provide the result. So, it is a challenge to overcome this, and innovation is needed in the computing aspect. One of the popular and open-source programming languages ​​is R. The computational innovation in R needs to be explored further, to explore the R programming logic. The creation of a function environment with the list function and the involvement of local and global variables/objects has received little attention. Based on the problems formulated, this study proposes two objectives, namely (1) developing an R program that is able to provide interactive and step-by-step solutions, to obtain a solution of a system of linear equations, and (2) to explore R’s ability to create and handle global variables. An R program is created, starting with creating a function environment. This function environment is filled with four related functions, namely “exchange”, “multiply”, “fold”, and “yield”. These four functions are connected to each other through a global object. Users can type in each function to perform row/column operations, interactively and step by step. The environmental function in this program, is named OBE. The OBE function accepts input in the form of a coupling matrix derived from a system of linear equations. The final result of this interactive process chain is given by the “result” function. The result function will display two matrices, namely the Original Matrix which is the input and the Equivalent Matrix.
Instituição de diretrizes estabelecidas pela Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo no contexto escolar: com a palavra, uma professora coordenadora de área
Authors: Wesendonk Fernanda Sauzem , Junior Jair Lopes
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar as ações decorrentes da intituição de diretrizes estabelecidas pela Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo, no contexto de uma escola de ensino integral, da rede pública, de acordo com o discurso de uma professora coordenadora da área de Ciências Naturais e Matemática. O instrumento para a coleta de informações utilizado incluiu uma entrevista, conduzida com o auxílio de um roteiro semiestruturado, sendo realizada nas dependências da escola, gravada em áudio e, posteriormente, transcrita. Para tratar e analisar as informações coletadas, adotamos a Análise de Discurso, na vertente francesa, conforme apresentada por Eni Orlandi (2003). O discurso da professora coordenadora de área indica que todo o trabalho desenvolvido no âmbito da escola ocorre em torno do currículo estabelecido pela Secretaria da Educação do Estado, sendo o contexto de pesquisa marcado, também, por ações decorrentes de outras políticas educacionais, as quais possuem diretrizes articuladas ao currículo oficial. Em termos de incidência de tais diretrizes, contudo, ampliou-se a visibilidade da insuficiência instrucional, bem como se ressaltou a urgente necessidade de atividades colaborativas que possam contribuir para o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos profissionais a respeito das políticas educacionais, que devem ser adotadas em ambiência escolar
A Case of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis with Submandibular Abscess as Primary Manifestation
Authors: Jun Hyun Woong , Hong Seong Man , Jeong Jin Hyeok , Ji Yong-Bae
Published: June 2023

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener’s granulomatosis, is a rare immunological small vessel disease which usually affects respiratory tract and kidneys. However, salivary gland involvement in GPA is rare as a primary manifestation. We report a case of GPA with the primary presentation of submandibular gland involvement. A 48-year-old female patient presented submandibular swelling with a skin defect that lasted for 1 month. Although the biopsy result was chronic inflammation, the skin defect did not heal for a month. Further imaging study revealed multiple lung and renal masses. More clinical manifestations such as gingivitis, ischemic change of finger joint and nasal tip skin, and positive c-ANCA test was presented. Additional biopsy was made at the submandibular gland, lung, and finger skin. The patient was finally diagnosed with GPA and treated with steroid pulse therapy and cyclophosphamide. The patient showed improvement of prior clinical symptoms.
Primary Cutaneous Mucinous Eccrine Carcinoma Arising in the Lower Eyelid: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Yong Min Jun , Shin Hea Kyeong , Jung Kyu Yong , Jang Tae Jung , Lee Joon Ho
Published: June 2023

Mucinous Eccrine carcinoma (MEC) is a rare malignant tumor related to the eccrine sweat gland and is commonly located on the face, especially around the eyelids and scalp. Most of these tumors are diagnosed at age 40’s to 60’s and exhibit a wide variety of patterns in addition to the general appearance previously reported. MEC is difficult to diagnose clinically, but can be diagnosed by accompanying biopsy.We present the case of a 75-year-old man who complained of a gradually growing Left lower lid tumor of duration one year. Initially, the tumor was mistaken for an epidermal cyst and treated by surgical resection.However, biopsy findings resulted in a diagnosis of Mucinous Eccrine carcinoma. Therefore, we performed wide excision and flap reconstruction surgery. In a one year follow-up examination, the patient achieved successful functional and aesthetic results without regional or distant metastasis and recurrence.
Bakır Alaşım Takviyesinin Polietilen ve Polipropilen Polimerlerinin Mekanik ve Mikrobiyal Özelliklerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KAYA Ömer Alparslan , TAŞDEMİR Münir , ÇITRAK Talip , TOZKOPARAN Serdar , BİROL Feriha
Published: June 2023

Polimer malzemeler kolay şekillendirilmeleri, geri dönüşümleri, yeniden kullanımları ve güçlü karakteristik özellikleri ile uygun maliyetli olmaları nedenleriyle otomotiv, makine, havacılık ve medikal gibi birçok sektörde kullanılmaktadır. Polimer malzemelerin termal, mekanik ve elektriksel iletkenlik gibi özellikleri, bu malzemelerin polimer-metal, polimer-polimer, polimer-lif kompozitleri olarak kullanılmasıyla geliştirilmiştir. Bu polimer kompozitleri birçok özel uygulamada kullanmak için tercih edilir. Bakır ve gümüş gibi metaller, antibakteriyel özelliklere sahip metaller olarak bilinir. Bu nedenle çeşitli antibakteriyel uygulamalarda kullanılırlar. Bununla birlikte, bu metallerin nispeten yüksek maliyeti kullanımlarını sınırlar. Bu çalışmada, sağlık sektöründe yaygın olarak kullanılan Polietilen ve Polipropilen matrisin mekanik ve antibakteriyel özelliklerine belirli oranlarda bakır alaşımlı tozların eklenmesinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Matris olarak polietilen ve polipropilen kullanılmıştır. Takviye bakır alaşım bakır-krom-zirkonyum (CuCrZr) toz partikülleri ağrılıkça %0.5-1-3 ve 5 oranında eklenmiştir. Malzemeler çift vidalı ekstürüderde karıştırılarak granül haline getirilmiştir. Daha sonra enjeksiyon makinası ile test numuneleri basılmıştır. Kalıplanan numunelere; çekme, sertlik, darbe, yoğunluk ve antimikrobiyal testler yapılmıştır. Testlerin
Manyetik Levitasyon Sistemleri için Doğrusal Olmayan Kontrol Yöntemlerinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: BULUT Mustafa , DUMLU Ahmet
Published: June 2023

Manyetik Levitasyon işlemi, en temel haliyle bir manyetik kuvvet dışında herhangi bir fiziksel büyüklüğün yardımı olmadan manyetik olarak hareketi mümkün olan bir cismin kaldırılması, döndürülmesi veya ilerletilmesini sağlayan bir işlemdir. Endüstrideki en büyük problemlerden birinin sürtünme problemi olduğu varsayıma dayanarak, manyetik levitasyonda fiziksel bir temasın olmamasına bağlı olarak sürtünme probleminin de önüne geçilmiş olması bu işlemi ekonomik yönden oldukça cazip kılmaktadır. Sürtünme probleminin önüne geçmek malzeme aşınması ve ısınmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan deformasyonları ortadan kaldırmakla kalmayıp aynı zamanda daha hızlı ve sorunsuz çalışma kondisyonları da sağlamaktadır. Manyetik olarak manüple edilebilen bir cismin havada asılı kalması, havada belirli bir hızla dönmesi ve yine havada belirli bir hızla ilerlemesi beraberinde bir kontrol sistemi ihtiyacı doğurmaktadır. Bu çalışmada manyetik levitasyon sistemlerinden biri olan CE 152 sistemi üzerine uygulanmış olan, PID kontrol ve İkinci Dereceden Kayan Kipli Kontrol metotları ile kontrolcüye cevap verme süresi ve kontrol işlemi sürecindeki kararlılıkları karşılaştırılarak kontrolcü talebine uygun bir cevap önerilmektedir
Pirofillit Cevherinden Alümina Üretimine Zenginleştirme Yöntemlerinin Etkisi
Authors: AYDOĞMUŞ Ramazan , UYSAL Turan , ERDEMOGLU Murat
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada, pirofillit cevherinden alüminyum (Al) kazanımı üzerine farklı zenginleştirme yöntemlerinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Zenginleştirme yöntemleri pirofillitin doğal hidrofob yapısından dolayı flotasyon yöntemi, kırılganlık farklılığından dolayı ise Aşındırmalı Yıkama (AY) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Zenginleştirme sonucu konsantre numunelere HCl ile liç işlemi yapılmış, liç sonucu çözeltiye geçen Al miktarları karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Pirofillit cevherinin AY yöntemi ile zenginleştirilmesi sonucu %54.79 verimle %27.44 Al2O3 tenörlü bir konsantre, flotasyon yöntemi ile ise %30.49 verimle %28.05 Al2O3 tenörlü bir konsantre elde edilmiştir. Buna göre zenginleştirme verimi açısından AY yöntemi daha verimli iken liç verimi açısından ise flotasyon yönteminin daha verimli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüvenan cevhere göre nihai alümina miktarı ve saflığı birlikte değerlendirildiğinde doğrudan liç ve AY konsantresi değerlerinin birbirine yakın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak pirofillit cevherinden alümina üretimi için ayrıntılı ekonomik analiz yapılarak uygun yöntemin belirlenmesinin daha doğru olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
Efecto del consumo de Leucaena leucocephala en las características testiculares de borregos (Ovis aries) púberes
Authors: Núñez Martínez Guadalupe , Sánchez Santillán Paulino , Aguilar Marcelino Liliana , Martínez Maya José Juan , Millán Orozco Jair , Bottini Luzardo María Benedicta
Published: June 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las características testiculares de machos ovinos púberes que consumen hojas frescas de L. leucocephala. Se utilizaron 20 machos ovinos criollos de 5 meses de edad con peso promedio de 24.4 ± 3.21 kg, alojados en corraletas individuales con bebedero y comedero. El experimento duró 120 d. En los que 10 machos fueron alimentados con una dieta 0 % Leucaena (control) y otros 10 machos fueron alimentados incluyendo 25 % de L. leucocephala fresca (Leucaena). Se determinó el consumo real de Leucaena por diferencia entre la cantidad que se ofreció y la cantidad que se rechazó. Para la determinación en sangre de testosterona y mimosina se empleó un kit de ELISA y HPLC respectivamente. Se tomaron medidas de circunferencia escrotal y se estimó el volumen testicular. Se realizó un estudio histológico; para determinar la integridad del parénquima testicular. Las medidas testiculares fueron similares en ambos tratamientos. Un 40 % de los machos consumiendo L. leucocephala presentó edema intersticial y atrofia tubular en el parénquima testicular de ovinos púberes. La circunferencia escrotal y volumen testicular no se vieron afectados, sin embargo, se encontró edema y atrofia de los túbulos seminíferos en los animales que consumieron Leucaena leucocephala.
Recubrimiento a base de almidón nativo aplicado en frutos de guanábana durante su almacenamiento postcosecha
Authors: De los Santos Santos Miguel Ángel , Balois Morales Rosendo , Jiménez Zurita José Orlando , Bautista Rosales Pedro Ulises , Berumen Varela Guillermo , Juárez López Porfirio
Published: June 2023

México produce 30 790.7 t por año de frutos de guanábana (FG), Nayarit aporta el 75.4 %. Los FG son perecederos, se propone elaborar recubrimientos comestibles (RC). El objetivo fue evaluar RC a base de almidón (2 %) de FG (2 % p/v) en FG almacenados a 15 ± 2 °C y 22 ± 2 °C. Se evaluó pérdida de peso PP (%), firmeza F (N), acidez titulable AT (%), sólidos solubles totales SST (°Brix) y color (L*C*H). Diseño de tratamientos: FG sin RC a 22 ± 2 °C durante 8 d (T1), FG con RC a 22 ± 2 °C durante 10 d (T2) y FG sin RC (T3) y FG con RC a 15 ± 2 °C durante 4 d y posteriormente transferidos a 22 ± 2 °C durante 8 d (T4), HR 90 %. La PP fue de 10.3 (T1) y 6.1(T2), F de 45.9 (T1) y 26.2 (T2), al final del almacenamiento AT de 0.94 (T1) y 0.56 (T2) y SST de 15.8 (T1) y 15.5 (T2). En T3 y T4, la PP fue de 10.5 y 10.4, respectivamente, F de 9.6 (T3, 8 d) y 19 (T4, 10 d), AT de 0.26 (T3) y 0.27 (T4), los SST de 12.2 (T3) y 11.4 (T4) al final del almacenamiento. Los frutos del T4 presentaron color verde con baja luminosidad (L: 43.9 C: 15.5 H: 105) al final del almacenamiento. Los frutos del T2 presentaron menor pérdida de peso y firmeza, alta concentración de SST al 4 d de almacenamiento. El recubrimiento no afecta los frutos almacenados en ambas condiciones de almacenamiento.
Discrete Gompertz and Generalized Logistic models for early monitoring of the COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba
Authors: Pérez Maldonado María Teresa , Bravo Castillero Julián , Mansilla Ricardo , Caballero Pérez Rogelio Óscar
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has motivated a resurgence in the use of phenomenological growth models for predicting the early dynamics of infectious diseases. These models assume that time is a continuous variable, whereas in the present contribution the discrete versions of Gompertz and Generalized Logistic models are used for early monitoring and short-term forecasting of the spread of an epidemic in a region. The time-continuous models are represented mathematically by first-order differential equations, while their discrete versions are represented by first-order difference equations that involve parameters that should be estimated prior to forecasting. The methodology for estimating such parameters is described in detail. Real data of COVID-19 infection in Cuba is used to illustrate this methodology. The proposed methodology was implemented for the first thirty-five days and was used to predict accurately the data reported for the following twenty days.
Propuesta de ruta de degradación del BPA durante la reacción del ozono
Authors: Vallejo Rodríguez Ramiro , San Juan Farfán Roberto E. , León Becerril Elizabeth , Ojeda Castillo Valeria , Osuna Laveaga Daryl , Flores Payán Valentín
Published: June 2023

Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) are present in surface water bodies that supply water to the population. One of them is bisphenol A (BPA), which is listed as a carcinogen. This research addresses its degradation through the ozone reaction and presents a likely pathway established by analyzing products and degradation products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). BPA degradation was carried out under pseudo-first-order conditions, where liquid phase ozone was the limiting reactive, in doses of ≈2.29 × 10-4 M and BPA doses of 1.25 × 10-4, 17.5 × 10-4, and 35.0 × 10-4 M, looking to have molar ratios [BPA]> [O3]; the oxidation reaction was carried out in a stopped-flow system that allows obtaining results in the order of seconds. The degradation pathway obtained shows the rupture of one of the benzene rings, decreasing the phenolic toxicity of the BPA compound. The proposed pathway can contribute to the understanding of the degradation of BPA in the environment and tertiary treatment processes with the use of ozone. Likewise, it is intended to contribute with new data to the issues of drinking water treatment to offer safe water to the population.
Validation of wastewater data using artificial intelligence tools and the evaluation of their performance regarding annotator agreement
Authors: Zidaoui Imane , Wemmert Cédric , Dufresne Matthieu , Joannis Claude , Isel Sandra , Wertel Jonathan , Vazquez José
Published: June 2023

To prevent the pollution of water resources, the measurement and the limitation of wastewater discharges are required. Despite the progress in the field of data acquisition systems, sensors are subject to malfunctions that can bias the evaluation of the pollution flow. It is therefore essential to identify potential anomalies in the data before any use. The objective of this work is to deploy artificial intelligence tools to automate the data validation and to assess the added value of this approach in assisting the validation performed by an operator. To do so, we compare two state-of-the-art anomaly detection algorithms on turbidity data in a sewer network. On the one hand, we conclude that the One-class SVM model is not adapted to the nature of the studied data which is heterogeneous and noisy. The Matrix Profile model, on the other hand, provides promising results with a majority of anomalies detected and a relatively limited number of false positives. By comparing these results to the expert validation, it turns out that the use of the Matrix Profile model objectifies and accelerates the validation task while maintaining the same level of performance compared to the annotator agreement rate between two experts.
Performance of an aerobic granular sludge membrane filtration in a full-scale industrial plant
Authors: Tsertou Eirini , Caluwé Michel , Goossens Koen , Seguel Suazo Karina , Dries Jan
Published: June 2023

This study quantifies the hydraulic performance of a pilot-scale ultrafiltration system integrated into a full-scale industrial aerobic granular sludge (AGS) plant. The treatment plant consisted of parallel AGS reactors, Bio1 and Bio2, with similar initial granular sludge properties. During the 3-month filtration test, a chemical oxygen demand (COD) overloading episode took place, affecting the settling properties, morphology, and microbial community composition in both reactors. The impact on Bio2 was more severe than on Bio1, with higher maximal sludge volume index values, a complete loss of granulation, and the excessive appearance of filamentous bacteria extending from the flocs. The membrane filtration properties of both sludges, with these different sludge qualities, were compared. The permeability in Bio1 varied between 190.8 ± 23.3 and 158.9 ± 19.2 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1, which was 50% higher than in Bio2 (89.9 ± 5.8 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1). A lab-scale filtration experiment using a flux-step protocol showed a lower fouling rate for Bio1 in comparison with Bio2. The membrane resistance due to pore blocking was three times higher in Bio2 than in Bio1. This study shows the positive impact of granular biomass on the long-term membrane filtration properties and stresses the importance of granular sludge stability during reactor operation.
Uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para la evaluación dentro de aulas de clases
Authors: Chanta-Jiménez Sara
Published: June 2023

Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la educación ofrecen posibilidades sobresalientes para la enseñanza y la evaluación. Las TIC en la evaluación tienen el potencial para modificar tanto la forma en que se ha venido evaluando como lo que se puede evaluar. Investigación que estudie el uso de las TIC para evaluación durante el quehacer cotidiano en aulas de clase es un área poco estudiada. Por consiguiente, el objetivo principal de este estudio fue explorar lo que la investigación académica dice sobre el uso de las TIC para la evaluación dentro del aula escolar; y si éstas son empleadas para modificar el qué o el cómo. Usando Web of Science, todas las colecciones, se realizó una revisión de literatura sistematizada. Mediante un código de búsqueda, se encontraron un total 174 estudios; al aplicar criterios de inclusión y exclusión, solo 12 respondían al objetivo de este estudio. Los resultados muestran que existe escasez de estudios que exploren el uso de las TIC para la evaluación dentro del aula escolar. Sumado, la investigar sobre el qué se marca como un área angular de investigación por su impacto tanto para la política pública como para los docentes en activo.
Manual de actividades para la clase única en grupo multigrado en Cuba
Authors: Rodríguez-Cosme Maria Luz , Castillo-Regueiferos Claudia , Chillón-Hernández Beatriz
Published: June 2023

Este artículo de investigación brinda atención a la didáctica multigrado de la escuela primaria rural, en aras de solucionar falencias en el aprendizaje de los escolares y en el desempeño de algunos maestros. El objetivo es implementar un manual de actividades para el tratamiento a la comprensión textual mediante la integración de contenidos en la escuela rural multigrado. La observación a clases, la entrevista a escolares y maestros y la revisión de documentos posibilitaron corroborar dificultades en escolares referidas a pobreza léxica, poco uso de conectores para un adecuado discurso oral, limitada participación en clases y, en ocasiones, dificultades en la integración de contenidos por los maestros según la didáctica multigrado. Estos hallazgos permiten asumir fundamentos teóricos sobre la comprensión como habilidad esencial, los niveles de comprensión y la integración de contenidos en las clases. Los resultados obtenidos con la implementación del manual son favorables, pues con su uso se muestra un adecuado desarrollo de la lengua en los escolares tanto en el plano oral como escrito y en sus conocimientos.
Identidade(s) e letramento (s) de reexistência através da negociação de narrativas de resistência
Authors: Castrillón Ángel Edison Ferney
Published: June 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento de identidade(s) e letramento(s) de reexistência por meio da compreensão, negociação e criação de narrativas de resistência entre professores de inglês em formação. Este é um estudo reflexivo que oferece cinco pressupostos teóricos: a) A globalização afeta o desenvolvimento da identidade (BAUMAN, 2004; JENKINS, 2014); b) O desenvolvimento da identidade, o letramento e a reexistência são práticas socioculturais sempre negociadas (HEATH, 1983; FREIRE, 1985); c) A resistência é uma prática libertadora das sociedades oprimidas (GIROUX, 1983; FOUCAULT, 1999); d) As narrativas de resistência surgem para reexistir (SILVA- SOUZA, 2009; ALBÁN-ACHINTE, 2013); e e) Os letramentos de reexistência são práticas socioculturais (CUPELLI, 2008; SILVA-SOUZA, 2011). Esses pressupostos e os teóricos que os sustentam tornam-se caminhos para fazer da questão um cenário de negociação, desenvolvimento de identidade e reexistência. Por fim, o texto mostra a importância da compreensão desses pressupostos como uma tarefa socio pedagógica para a compreensão de um mundo mais justo e igualitário.
Hippocampal Volume And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Without Comorbid Malady
Authors: Singh Asem Veeves , Ranabir Salam , Subhaschandra Singh S. , Chittaranjan Singh Laishram , Chhojom Khom Tashi , Palur Ramakrishnan Anand Vijayakumar
Published: June 2023

Background:

Evidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with hippocampal atrophy is reported by researchers all around the globe. The majority of such studies were conducted among the geriatric and elderly populations with other substantial co-morbid diseases. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the hippocampal volume of T2DM subjects below 60 years without any concomitant disorders and assess the declarative memory.

Materials and Methods:

The cross-sectional observational study was conducted among the ethnic population of Manipur. A total of 17 T2DM subjects and 17 healthy controls, who are apparently healthy, matched by age, sex, and comparable education, were enrolled in the study. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of high-resolution sagittal structural T1-weighted anatomical sequence was acquired using a three-dimension magnetization-prepared rapid-acquisition gradient echo (MPRAGE). The hippocampus volume was measured using the volBrain Automated MRI Brain Volumetry System. Declarative memory was estimated by the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).

Results:

No statistically significant differences were found in hippocampal volume, and RAVLT scores between T2DM subjects, and healthy controls group (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

The study data indicates that there is no particular hippocampal volume vulnerability in T2DM participants within the ethnic population of Manipur.
The Relationship between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Migraine: A
Cross-Section Study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Liu Yao , Gao Xiaochuan , Yuan Lingmei , Li Yanming , Hong Peiwei
Published: June 2023

Background:

Insulin resistance is a phenomenon in which the lowering blood glucose
capacity of insulin is decreased, which is a feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Some previous studies
have found an association between insulin resistance and migraine. The triglyceride glucose
(TyG) index is used to assess insulin resistance. However, there is no report on the association between
the TyG index and migraine.

Objective:

We present a cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey (NHANES) to clarify the association between the TyG index and migraine.

Method:

Data was acquired from the NHANES. Migraine was diagnosed based on patient selfreport
and prescription medication. Data were analyzed using the weighted linear regression model,
weighted chi-square test, logistic regression models, smooth curve fittings, and the twopiecewise
linear regression model. Empower software was used for all data analysis.

Result:

A total of 18704 participants were enrolled in this study, of which 209 were migraineurs.
The rest were set as control. There was a statistically significant difference in mean age (p =
0.0222), gender (p < 0.0001), distribution of race (P < 0.0001), and drug usage between the two
groups. However, there were no differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes mellitus,
total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and TyG index between the two groups. According to logistic
regression models, there was a linear relationship between TyG index and migraine in model
3 (odds ratio (OR = 0.54, p = 0.0165). particularly in female (OR= 0.51, p = 0.0202) or Mexican
American (OR= 0.18, p = 0.0203). Moreover, there was no inflection point between the TyG index
and migraine.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, there was a linear relationship between the TyG index and migraine. A
higher TyG index predicts a lower incidence of migraine, particularly in females and Mexican
Americans. Meanwhile, there is no inflection point between the TyG index and migraine.
Combined Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Red Blood Cell Distribution
Width in Predicting In-hospital Outcomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Undergoing Thrombolysis
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhu Yafang , Wang Xiaohong , Zhong Chongke , Qin Yan , Sun Yongrong , Cao Yongjun , Zhang Xia , Chen Dongqin
Published: June 2023

Background:

To investigate the combined effect of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and inflammatory biomarkers on in-hospital outcomes of acute ischemic stroke(AIS) patients with thrombolysis.

Methods:

417 AIS patients with thrombolysis were included. The participants were divided into four groups according to the cut-off of white blood cell (WBC) or C reactive protein (CRP) and RDW: LWLR, LWHR, HWLR, and HWHR; or LCLR, LCHR, HCLR, and HCHR (L-low, H-high, W-WBC, C-CRP, R-RDW). Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of in-hospital pneumonia and functional outcome across the four subgroups.

Results:

Patients with higher RDW and inflammatory biomarkers levels have the highest risk of in-hospital outcomes. Compared with patients in the LWLR group, the ORs (95% CIs) of those in the HWHR group were 12.16 (4.21-35.14) and 9.31 (3.19-27.17) for in-hospital pneumonia and functional outcome. The ORs (95% CIs) of those in the HCHR group were 6.93 (2.70-17.78) and 3.38(1.10-10.39) for in-hospital pneumonia and functional outcome, compared with patients in the LCLR group. Simultaneously adding RDW and WBC or CRP to the basic model with established risk factors significantly improved risk discrimination and reclassification for pneumonia and functional outcome (all P<0.05).

Conclusions:

Combined RDW and inflammatory biomarkers within 4.5 hours had a better predictive power for in-hospital outcomes of AIS patients with thrombolysis.
Repurposing Antipsychotic Agents Against Targets of Angiogenesis
Pathways for Cancer Therapy: An in-silico Approach
Authors: Kanmodi Rahmon , Bankole Habeeb , Oddiri Regina , Arowosegbe Michael , Alabi Ridwan , Rahmon Saheed , Ahmodu Oladejo , AbdulRasheed Bilal , Muritala Rauf
Published: June 2023

Background:

Antipsychotics interfere with virtually all hallmarks of cancer, including angiogenesis.
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and platelet-derived growth receptors
(PDGFRs) play crucial roles in angiogenesis and represent targets of many anti-cancer agents.
We assessed and compared the binding effects of antipsychotics and receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors
(RTKIs) on VEGFR2 and PDGFRα.

Methods:

FDA-approved antipsychotics and RTKIs were retrieved from DrugBank. VEGFR2 and
PDGFRα structures were obtained from Protein Data Bank and loaded on Biovia Discovery Studio
software to remove nonstandard molecules. Molecular docking was carried out using PyRx and CBDock
to determine the binding affinities of protein-ligand complexes.

Results:

Risperidone exerted the highest binding effect on PDGFRα (-11.0 Kcal/mol) as compared to
other antipsychotic drugs and RTKIs. Risperidone also demonstrated a stronger binding effect on
VEGFR2 (-9.6 Kcal/mol) than the RTKIs, pazopanib (-8.7 Kcal/mol), axitinib (-9.3 Kcal/mol),
vandetanib (-8.3 Kcal/mol), lenvatinib ( -7.6 Kcal/mol) and sunitinib (-8.3 Kcal/mol). Sorafenib (an
RTKI), however, exhibited the highest VEGFR2 binding affinity of -11.7 Kcal/mol.

Conclusion:

Risperidone's superior binding affinity with PDGFRα when compared to all reference
RTKIs and antipsychotic drugs, as well as its stronger binding effect on VEGFR2 over the RTKIs,
sunitinib, pazopanib, axitinib, vandetanib, and lenvatinib, imply that it could be repurposed to inhibit
angiogenic pathways and subjected to pre-clinical and clinical trials for cancer therapy.
Explanation of the Educational Needs Related to Women's Health During
Menopausal Period: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Otogara Marzieh , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Rostami-Moez Masoumeh , Farahani Farhad , Alimohammadi Shohreh , Oshvandi Khodayar
Published: June 2023

Background:

Menopause is one of a woman's most crucial life stages. Identifying menopause's educational needs is critical.

Objective:

This study aims to explain the educational needs of women during menopause.

Methods:

The current study employs a qualitative content analysis method. The study included 12 women around menopause who were referred to Fatemieh Hospital's menopause clinic in Hamadan in 2020 and seven midwives. Individual semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were used to collect data for the study. Data analysis was performed by Cheevakumjon method and conceptual content analysis was used to extract the concepts. After reading the text of the data, key sentences and concepts were derived and finally categorized.

Results:

The mean age of menopausal women and midwives was 54.15±4.24 and 34.35±3.54 years, respectively. In this study, three main themes were found in each of the perspectives of menopausal women (educational needs, expectations from the health system, expectations from others) and nurse-midwives (effective factors in the successful implementation of programs related to the health of menopausal women, obstacles and challenges of successful program implementation, strategies to increase program performance) regarding health needs related to menopause. The experiences of postmenopausal women had 3 themes, 4 categories and 15 subcategories and midwives' point of view was also divided into 3 themes and 5 categories and 14 sub categories.

Conclusion:

In order to manage the challenges of menopause, education and counseling are needed regarding the physical, mental, psychological and social changes that menopausal women may face. Moreover, to achieve these goals, there is a need for comprehensive support from the relevant politicians.
Modified Exigent Features Block in JAN Net for Analysing SPECT Scan Images
to Diagnose Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Siluvaimuthu Jothi , Sebasthiyar Anita , Subburam Sivakumar
Published: June 2023

Background:

The quantitative measure of dopamine transporter (DaT) in the human midbrain is generally used as a biomarker for analyzing Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Introduction:

DaT scan images or Single- photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images are utilized to capture the dopamine content more accurately.

Methods:

Only sixteen slices out of ninety-one of SPECT images were chosen on the basis of the high amount of dopamine content and were named Volume rendering image slices (VRIS). This paper proposes a novel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) called JAN Net which particularly treats the VRIS for identifying PD. The JAN Net preserves the edges and spatial features of the striatum by using a modified exigent feature (M-ExFeat) block, that contains convolutional and additive layer. The different-sized convolutional layer extracts both low- and high-level features of Striatum. The additive layer adds up all the features of different filter sized convolutional layers like 1x1, 3x3, and 5x5. The added output features are used to improve the learnability of neurons in the hidden layer. The network performance is tested for stride 1 and stride 2.

Results:

The results are validated using the dataset taken from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database. The JAN Net ensures improved performance in terms of accuracy. The training and validation accuracy for stride 2 is 100% with minimum losses. The outcome has been compared with different deep learning architectures and the machine learning techniques like Extreme Learning Machines (ELM), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to highlight the efficacy of the proposed architecture.

Conclusion:

Hence, the present work could be of great aid to the experts in neurology to protect the neurons from impairment.
RP-UFLC based Bioanalytical Method Development, Optimization, and
Validation for the Estimation of Isradipine in Rabbit Serum
Authors: Swain Suryakanta , Ghose Debashish , Patra Chinam Niranjan , Jena Bikash Ranjan
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

The objective of this study is to provide a rapid, sensitive, consistent, and costeffective
method for quantifying isradipine using ultra-fast liquid chromatography.

Methods:

Quality by Design principles will form the basis of this approach, grounded on response surface
analysis. Shimadzu liquid chromatographic system equipped with a photodiode array detector and LC
solution software was used to conduct the RP-UFLC method development and validation. An ODS C18
(250 x 4.6 mm; 5 μm) UFLC column was used to complete the analysis. The RSM methodology utilized
a central composite design to perform the optimization studies.

Results:

The mobile phase ratio and flow rate were considered crucial method parameters, as well as the
peak area, retention time, and USP plate were considered critical analytical attributes. The optimal conditions
for chromatographic separation were followed using 80% acetonitrile and water (20% v/v) as mobile
phase, a 1 mL/min flow rate, an injection volume of 20 μL, 40°C of column oven temperature, and maximum
absorption at λmax 254 nm using graphical optimization technique. When examining concentrations
between 5 and 150 ng/mL, linearity was observed with an R2 of 0.999. The method created was validated
by employing stability testing per the recommendations provided by ICH Q2 (R1). The analysis of blood
serum was modified so that it could be used to examine the pharmacokinetic parameters.

Conclusion:

As a result, high accuracy, precision, sensitivity, linearity, and robustness were established
for predicting the amount of isradipine present in its freeze-dried nano-formulations.
Recent Advances in the Phylogenetic Analysis to Study Rumen
Microbiome
Authors: Wassan Jyotsna Talreja , Wang Haiying , Zheng Huiru Jane
Published: June 2023

Background:

Recent rumen microbiome studies are progressive due to the advent of nextgeneration
sequencing technologies, computational models, and gene referencing databases. Rumen
metagenomics enables the linking of the genetic structure and composition of the rumen microbial
community to the functional role it plays in the ecosystem. Systematic investigations of the rumen microbiome,
including its composition in cattle, have revealed the importance of microbiota in rumen
functions. Various research studies have identified different types of microbiome species that reside
within the rumen and their relationships, leading to a greater understanding of their functional contribution.

Objective:

The objective of this scoping review was to highlight the role of the phylogenetic and functional
composition of the microbiome in cattle functions. It is driven by a natural assumption that closely
related microbial genes/operational taxonomical units (OTUs)/amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) by
phylogeny are highly correlated and tend to have similar functional traits.

Methods:

PRISMA approach has been used to conduct the current scoping review providing state-ofthe-
art studies for a comprehensive understanding of microbial genes’ phylogeny in the rumen microbiome
and their functional capacity.

Results:

44 studies have been included in the review, which has facilitated phylogenetic advancement in
studying important cattle functions and identifying key microbiota. Microbial genes and their interrelations
have the potential to accurately predict the phenotypes linked to ruminants, such as feed efficiency,
milk production, and high/low methane emissions. In this review, a variety of cattle have been
considered, ranging from cows, buffaloes, lambs, Angus Bulls, etc. Also, results from the reviewed literature
indicate that metabolic pathways in microbiome genomic groupings result in better carbon
channeling, thereby affecting methane production by ruminants.

Conclusion:

The mechanistic understanding of the phylogeny of the rumen microbiome could lead to a
better understanding of ruminant functions. The composition of the rumen microbiome is crucial for the
understanding of dynamics within the rumen environment. The integration of biological domain
knowledge with functional gene activity, metabolic pathways, and rumen metabolites could lead to a
better understanding of the rumen system.
Live Births in Women over 40 Years of Age Correlate with Obesity Rates
Authors: Lin Jie , Xie Qian , Xu Chaoran , Wan Qin
Published: June 2023

Aims:

This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the relationship between live birth and the prevalence of obesity in Chinese women over 40 years of age.

Methods:

From April to November 2011, the Endocrinology Branch of the Chinese Medical Associa-tion conducted the REACTION project, a national, multicenter, cross-sectional study of Chinese adults aged 40 years and older. Demographic and medical data were collected through validated question-naires and equipment. Anthropometric indicators, blood pressure, and biochemical data were measured by professional medical personnel. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic analy-sis. Multivariate regression models were used to analyze obesity-related risk factors.

Results:

The prevalence of obesity among women increased gradually from 3.8% to 6.0% with an increasing number of live births. Women with two live births had the highest prevalence of over-weight at 34.3%. Overall, the obesity and overweight rates were slightly higher in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women. Univariate regression analysis showed that the risk of obe-sity in women increased with an increasing number of live births. In addition, multivariate regres-sion analysis showed that the risk of obesity increased with an increasing number of live births in women with systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 121 mmHg or current smoking (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The risk of obesity increases with the number of live births in Chinese women over 40 years of age with SBP < 121 mmHg or current smoking. Our findings may facilitate the develop-ment of interventions to prevent obesity in this population.
An Overview of the Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of Zearalenone,
Aflatoxins, and Deoxynivalenol on Intestinal Integrity Damage in Humans
and Animals: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kumi Okyere Samuel , Hu Yanchun
Published: June 2023

Mycotoxins are known to cause contamination in food crops and animal feeds. Their existence in food sources has caused several health disorders. The intestine is the first line of defense against ingested mycotoxins. Numerous studies have reported that mycotoxins impair effective digestion and absorption of nutrients in the intestinal structure, as well as affect the health and integrity of several animal species. However, the direct effect of many specific mycotoxins on the intestinal integrity factors such as the tight junction protein and gut microbiota has not been fully described. The impairment of the barrier function results in increased translocation of luminal antigens and pathogens and excessive activation of the immune system. Therefore, this review aims to provide a summary of the current evidence regarding the direct effects and mechanisms of Zearalenone, Aflatoxins, and Deoxynivalenol on intestinal integrity, focusing on epithelial cells, tight junction proteins and gut microbiota as main contributors to the development of therapeutic strategies to reduce or eliminate the harmful effects caused by mycotoxins in the intestine and targeted organs (such as liver and kidney) in the humans and animals.
Markov Chain Process
Authors: Polanco Carlos
Published: June 2023

In this chapter, and from the historical introduction raised in the previous chapters, we introduce and exemplify all the components of a Markov Chain
Process such as: initial state vector, Markov property (or Markov property), matrix of transition probabilities, and steady-state vector. A Markov Chain Process
is formally defined and by way of categorization this process is divided into two
types: Discrete-Time Markov Chain Process and Continuous-Time Markov Chain
Process, which occurs as a result of observing whether the time between states in a
random walk is discrete or continuous. Each of its components is exemplified, and
analytically all the examples are solved.