bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oil in statu nascendi. The state of the oil industry in Galicia in 1853
Authors: Kozicka-Kołaczkowska Anna
Published: June 2024

In the autumn of 1853, the Krakow Chamber of Commerce entrusted its member Antoni Szwarz with the task of conducting a personal survey of industrial and commercial facilities in Western Galicia. His mission was to gather statistical data from these economic sectors. The official surveyor’s findings provided a credible picture of the material state, industrial infrastructure, and economic awareness regarding the oil deposits in Galicia. Interestingly, these oil reserves were often underappreciated and remained largely untapped. Antoni Szwarz’s report also offers a parallel perspective on the experiences of Ignacy Łukasiewicz, who explored the oil-bearing regions of Eastern Galicia around the same time (between 1852 and 1853). It was during this period that the symbolic era of oil began, marked by the discovery and patenting of fractional distillation methods by Polish pharmacists Ignacy Łukasiewicz and Jan Zeh, as well as the development of a prototype oil lamp. This lamp was intended to consciously create and popularize demand for a superior illuminating fuel—namely, the oil fraction.The events of 1853 laid the foundation for professional oil mining, refinery industry, and mass distribution of petroleum products. Łukasiewicz continued this journey by establishing a pioneering oil mine in Bóbrka near Krosno in 1854. An official economic report published in the press a few months before these groundbreaking steps serves as a testament to the state of official knowledge at the national level during the transition years of 1853 and 1854. It also reflects the economic innovation driven by oil and Łukasiewicz’s discoveries in the region and beyond. Key words: oil industry, Western Galicia industry, Ignacy Łukasiewicz, 19th-century oil mining, Bóbrka 1854, “Czas” 1854, Kobylanka
Impact of Corporate Capital Structure on Corporate Performance: An Empirical Study of Emerging Market Using GMM Estimation Technique
Authors: Hussain Akmal , Shabbir Aiman , Rehman Aamir Abdur
Published: June 2024

This study aims to check the impact of capital structure on nonfinancial firm's performance, which are listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. This study used panel data from 06 years of 289 nonfinancial firms from 2017 to 2022 to achieve the goal. This study used two-step Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM), a dynamic analysis model. Five measures are used for firm performance, while two are used for capital structure. This study proved that a mixed result, such as TDR, has a significant and inverse relation with four measures of firm performance, such as ROA, GPM, NPM, and SP, while statistically, there is no relation with ROE. LTDR is only significant with NPM at a 5% level and has an inverse impact on NPM. This study is significant because it examines, in a single investigation, the effects of leverage on various performance metrics. This study is particularly well-weighed because it has many ramifications for potential stakeholders. The study's practical implications will benefit top-level management in strategic management, the government in enacting laws and other regulations, and investors in making investment decisions based on various environmental and factor considerations. A lower leverage ratio, for instance, is a sign of improved performance because managers will strategically plan to keep it low. On the other hand, lower leverage ratios are also advantageous to stockholders because they allow them to invest in companies with lower debt-to-equity ratios and increase their wealth.
Psychological Resilience and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Avcı Taşkıran Tülay , Gürbüz Bülent , Doğan Mehmet
Published: June 2024

This study examined the relationship between psychological resilience, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. The study, which was conducted with the relational survey model, was attended by 204 women and 176 men, 380 people in total (MAge=37,87±7,88) working in the Directorate of Youth and Sports. Participants answered the personal information form, "The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)", "Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS)" and "Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS)". After data collection, the basic assumptions of parametric tests were tested, and a model was created to examine the relationship between "BRS", "JSS" and "OCS" and the causal relationship between the latent variables was analyzed with the Structural Equation Model. The Pearson correlation analysis results showed significant positive correlations between the mean scores of "BRS", "JSS" and "OCS". When the goodness of fit values of the model were examined, it was found that all values were within acceptable limits. SEM results showed that psychological resilience had direct positive significant effects on job satisfaction (βBRS-JSS=0.22; p<0.01) and organizational commitment (βBRS-JSS=0.17; p<0.01), and job satisfaction had direct positive significant effects on organizational commitment (βJSS-OCS=0.48; p<0.01). Simultaneously, it was determined that job satisfaction had an indirect effect on the effect of psychological resilience on organizational commitment (βBRS-JSS-OCS=0.10; p<0.01). According to the results of the current research, psychological resilience and job satisfaction have a direct effect on organizational commitment, and job satisfaction has an indirect effect by assuming a partial mediating role in the relationship between psychological resilience and organizational commitment. Therefore, by increasing the levels of psychological resilience and job satisfaction of individuals, it may be possible to change their attitudes toward the organization and accordingly increase their organizational commitment levels.
Proposed Protocol for Developing a Rehabilitation Program for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshammri Ghanam Faleh , Almutairi Bader Nasser , Almutairi Mahal Alhumaidi
Published: June 2024

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has a vital role in the treatment of symptomatic patients with chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD) therefore activating PR should be considered in medical care systems. In Saudi Arabia (KSA) prevalence of COPD is more than 2.4 % and factors cause COPD are numerous. The purpose of this paper is to provide a rationale for establishing PR program for COPD in KSA by be achieved by an assessment of available resources and using theory, evidence, and clinical guidelines to allow for supporting the creation of PR program for COPD.  The review will also include a description of the program and a comparison with literature-based citations and accounts of local resources that are available. In addition, the proposal will also include the objective, location and equipment, patient assessments, exercise training and educational programs. In addition, models of delivering PR and program evaluation will be provided for PR program of COPD population.
A Comprehensive Review of Simulation Technology: Development, Methods, Applications, Challenges and Future Trends
Authors: Luan Tao
Published: June 2024

Simulation technology is a comprehensive method for predicting possible outcomes or evaluating decision-making effects by establishing computer models of complex systems and simulating their behavior and evolution processes. This paper systematically reviews the development history, main methods, application fields, challenges, and future trends of simulation technology. Firstly, the article defines the connotation of simulation technology and expounds its important value in military, business, public policy, and other fields. Secondly, the article traces the development of simulation technology from its origins in World War II to the present, summarizing key milestones such as modeling languages, graphical interfaces, distributed interaction, and cloud computing. Thirdly, the article introduces the main modeling paradigms, such as system dynamics, discrete events, and agents, as well as compound modeling methods like continuous-discrete hybrid and multi-agent-macro hybrid. Meanwhile, the article also demonstrates typical applications of simulation in defense, business, government, engineering, healthcare, and other fields, using case studies in military operations, consumer markets, macroeconomics, traffic management, and disease spread. Based on an analysis of existing technical challenges, practical dilemmas, and methodological controversies, the article finally outlines the development prospects of simulation technology in the directions of large-scale high-performance computing, data-driven modeling, human-computer hybrid, cognitive-behavioral simulation, and cross-domain coupling. The article points out that simulation is accelerating its integration with artificial intelligence, big data, digital twins, and other technologies, evolving towards more intelligent, real-time, and immersive directions, and will become an indispensable enabling technology in the digital era. Strengthening theoretical innovation and application expansion of simulation is of great significance for enhancing national scientific and technological strength and comprehensive competitiveness.
[مقياس هولاند Holland في الميول المهنية لدى عينة بالمرحلة الثانوية لاستخراج المعايير والخصائص السيكو مترية]
Authors:   جامعة الملك سعود  - كلية لتربية - قسم علم النفس, الجاسـر أروى عبدالله
Published: June 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى الكشف عن الخصائص السكومترية والمعايير لدى عينة من طلاب البيئة السعودية حيث كان مجتمع الدراسة متمثلاً في المرحلة الثانوية العامة وعينة الدراسة من طلاب الصفوف الثلاثة لنفس المرحلة والبالغ عددهم (26) طالب وطالبة منهم (11) طالب من الذكور و(15) طالبة من الإناث، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي بأسلوبه الارتباطي، وكانت اداة الدراسة مقياس جون هولاند للميول المهنية للأنماط الشخصية الستة للبيئة المهنية (النمط الواقعي، العقلاني، النفي، الاجتماعي، المغامر، التقليدي)، وقد اسفرت الدراسة بعدد من النتائج كان من أبرزها وجود عدد مختلف من الخصائص السكومترية والمعاير ترجع إلى المرحلة الدراسية والصف الدراسي والنوع ( ذكر/ أنثى)، كذلك وجود دلالة إحصائية للنوع الاجتماعي للبيئة السعودية وان كل نمط من الانماط الستة له عدد من السمات والخصائص والمعايير يمل إليها الطلاب وفق المرحلة والعمر، وقد قدمت الباحثة في نهاية الدراسة عدد من التوصيات التي تهم الباحثين والباحثات في هذا المجال. الكلمات المفتاحية: الخصائص السيكو مترية- الميول المهنية- المرحلة الثانوية.
On the Formation of Imaginative Thinking in the Process of Teaching Chemistry
Authors:   Moscow, Kuznetsova L. M.
Published: June 2024

The main difficulty in studying chemistry is the transition from the visible to the invisible, from the concrete to the abstract, that is why it is so important for students to form imaginative thinking at the micro level. Imaginative thinking is formed by using material models that replace real micro-objects.
Inconvenient Questions of the School Course of Inorganic Chemistry
Authors:   Institute of Organic Chemistry named after N.D. Zelinsky, Moscow, Romashov L. V. ,   School no. 192, Moscow
Published: June 2024

The article discusses several issues in the school course in inorganic chemistry that are usually left without explanation. The answers to these questions will make the course more logical and interesting, increase the motivation of students to a deeper study of chemistry.
Extracurricular Class “Initiation into Young Chemists”
Authors:   Secondary school no. 2 named after Hero of the Soviet Union A.A. Artyukh, Starominskaya village, Krasnodar Territory, Ivaschenko L. N.
Published: June 2024

An extracurricular class “Initiation into young chemists” with the use of demonstration experiments is described. The class is recommended for grades 8 and is aimed at creating cognitive interest and motivation to study chemistry.
Smart Materials with Shape Memory
Authors:   Education Centre “Pskov Pedagogical complex”, Pskov, Volkov V. N. , Filippov V. N. ,   Pskov State University
Published: June 2024

The article deals with materials with shape memory effect. The properties, production and use of titanium nickelide and a number of polymers in industry, medicine and space industry are described.
Title Association between Temperament and Profession
Authors:   , Salamoun Mariana M.
Published: June 2024

The association between the emotional substrate of personality, temperament, and three profession related outcomes (type, working status, and income) was assessed using raw data from a Lebanese national mental health database at IDRAAC. The Lebanese-Arabic TEMPS-A, and the Arabic CIDI-3.0 were administered to 547 respondents (45% men, 55% women). T-test was performed to detect differences between means, and multivariate analyses were used to assess correlates of working status and financial income. Results showed that hyperthymic temperament is a positive trait associated with high rank and managerial careers, higher number of working hours and more income. Depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, and anxious are related to lower rank careers. In addition, irritable temperament is negatively correlated to higher income. In conclusion, this study supported the existing literature on the association between temperament and profession in a Lebanese sample, and introduced a new clinical assessment tool for the understanding of human nature in the context of work.
The Impact of Perfectionism on Risk Taking Attitude in a Sample of Lebanese Population
Authors:   , Sdepanian Sanan
Published: June 2024

A research was conducted to test the relationship between perfectionism and risk taking. The study investigated the negative correlation between perfectionism and risk taking and examined the participants' high expectation scores on the dart board game prior to playing. The study also investigated the participants' low satisfaction scores post performance on the dart board game. A convenient sample of 170 students and employees, completed several measures, including the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale and Domain Specific Risk Taking Scale. Further participants hit 15 throws on the dart board game and rated their expectation and performance satisfaction scores on a 0-100 scale. Results showed that there is negative correlation between perfectionism and risk taking. However the results did not substantiate the initially hypothesized relationship for the second hypothesis; there was no significant relationship between perfectionism and participant satisfaction scores on the actual score. Finally, analysis displayed that there was a positive correlation between perfectionism and frequency of distance changes. Implications of the results were discussed and directions for future research were proposed.
Factors Influencing Major Choosing Process in the University: A Qualitative Research Analysis
Authors:   , Jingoezian-Moughalian Salpi
Published: June 2024

The present qualitative study examined the students' career maturity, cultural background, parental role, gender differences, economical difficulties, and school career counseling services that influenced the university major selection process on a sample of Lebanese university students (N = 249). The study relied on self-report measures, mainly demographic information and a questionnaire that consisted of 42 items. Results were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the students are aware of their strengths, limitations and skills to make appropriate decisions. Culture, religion, and parental involvement were the least influential factors on students' career choice. Females are far less likely to enter science-based occupations than males, whereas males are more inspired to obtain careers with high income. Career counseling services are not the primary source of information for students. The need for effective education-career planning programs in schools is expressed by the students.
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors Motivating Lebanese Teachers
Authors:   , Kamarieh Nancy Ramez
Published: June 2024

The present study was conducted to assess the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that motivate teachers to teach. It measured each type of motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic, and specified the level where each teacher stands starting from amotivation, passing through the three types of extrinsic motivation (external regulation – introjected regulation – identified regulation) gradually reaching to types of intrinsic motivation (to know – to accomplish things – to experience stimulation). The focus of the study was to measure each type of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on private school teachers through all the school levels starting from kindergarten (33 teachers), elementary (83 teachers), intermediate (55 teachers), and ending with secondary classes (35 teachers). Participants were asked to provide information concerning their age, degree earned, classes they teach… and fill in the following questionnaire: The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), adopted from Vallerand (1989) and The Teacher Motication Questionnaire. There were 13 schools involved in this study. The gender of this study consisted of males (n= 43) and females (n= 163). Results showed a significant relationship between total years of teaching experience and years of teaching experience in the current school with both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Another significant result was the relationship in gender: Females are more intrinsically motivated than males. Consequently, in order to motivate teachers, they should be supported by their principals and their students' parents, rewarded and less isolated with each other.
MODI 3.0 AND INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY
Authors:   Lakshmibai College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, Singh Juhi
Published: June 2024

Since Prime Minister Narendra Modi assumed power in May 2014, there have been substantial changes to India's foreign policy. With the goal of raising India's profile and influence internationally, Modi's strategy has been characterized by a fusion of conventional diplomacy with cutting-edge tactics or a unique blend of hard and soft power. During his leadership, a bold and assertive foreign policy that prioritizes strategic alliances, economic diplomacy, and a strong defense posture has been implemented. This paper examines the main tenets of Indian foreign policy under Modi, such as its economic goals, regional engagements, strategic components, and reactions to international issues. It is also an attempt to explore the future course of IFP under Modi 3.0.
Ludicidade e o ensino de Matemática: jogos, brincadeiras e dinâmicas
Authors: Santos Marcos Vinicius Cavalcante dos , Silva Américo Junior Nunes da
Published: June 2024

This research paper, resulting from a study aiming to integrate playfulness into mathematics teaching using games, play, and dynamics to make learning more accessible and engaging, seeks to understand the repercussions of incorporating potentially playful devices such as games, play, and dynamics into mathematics education for elementary school students, analyzing how playfulness can enhance learning, promote a more positive view of mathematics, and develop cognitive and interpersonal skills in children. The research adopts an exploratory qualitative approach and was conducted with two 2nd-grade classes in elementary schools in Juazeiro, Bahia, divided into four stages exploring logical reasoning games, ethnic-cultural origin games, mathematical dynamics, and real-world applications of concepts. Results showed that potentially playful activities promoted greater interest, motivation, and cognitive and interpersonal development among students, reducing math-related fears. Playfulness also contextualized mathematical concepts and facilitated content comprehension, offering an effective teaching approach that stimulates creativity and conceptual understanding
دعوى تأثُّر تشومسكي بالنحو العربي في الرسائل والأطاريح العراقية
Authors: م.م. خالد مهيدي صالح م.م. خالد مهيدي صالح , أ.م.د. صالح علي الشيخ أ.م.د. صالح علي الشيخ
Published: June 2024

ملخص البحث:
تتناول هذه الدراسةُ الرسائلَ والأطاريح العراقية، التي اختصت بالنظرية التوليدية التحويلية، ونسعى من خلال دراستنا هذه الوقوفَ على قضية الاستقطاب الحاصل بين القديم والحديث في دراسة اللغة. القديم ممثلًا بالتراث اللغوي العربي وبخاصة النحو، والحديث ممثلًا بالنظرية التوليدية التحويلية، وهي جدلية لا يسلم منها كثير من الباحثين في هذا الميدان. إذ ينقسم الباحثون بشأنها على أقسام، فمنهم المنحاز للنحو العربي، ومنهم المنحاز للنظرية التوليدية. ومثل هذه الدراسات، تبقى محاولات صادرة عن ردّات فعل من الوافد الجديد (اللسانيات التوليدية) _وإن اختلفت اتجاهاتها_ يطبعها طابع الانتصار لمعسكر على حساب آخر، وإن مثل هذه الممارسات أبعد ما تكون عن الممارسة العلمية. وهناك قسم آخر من الباحثين، حاولوا المقارنة بين النسقين العربي والتوليدي، ولكن محاولاتهم أحيانًا تتخذ طابع التوفيق والملاءمة بينهما، مركِّزةً على ملامح الشبه فحسب، وهي محاولات يمكن إدراجها أيضًا تحت تأثير ردات الفعل، ولكن بدرجة أقل. أما القسم الأخير، فهم الذين يتناولون النسقين دون إغفال الفوارق بينهما، وينظرون إليهما من خلال سياقهما المعرفي والتاريخي والحضاري، والظروف التي ظهر فيها كلّ منهما، والمتطلبات والأهداف التي استدعت وجودهما.
وإن ما نعنى به بشكل أساسي في دراستنا، أن ثمة دعوى تقول إن تشومسكي رائد النظرية التوليدية التحويلية، متأثر بالنحو العربي، وقد ظهرت هذه الدعوى في بعض الرسائل والأطاريح العراقية التي اختصت بالنظرية التوليدية التحويلية. ومن هنا حصرنا دراستنا بتناول الرسائل والأطاريح العراقية التي أشارت إلى قضية تأثر تشومسكي بالنحو العربي، سواء أكان ذلك تصريحًا أم تلميحًا. ونرى حجج القائلين بهذه الدعوى وأدلتهم على ذلك، فضلًا عن محاولة الكشف عن الدوافع التي تقف وراء هذه الدعوى، أهي علمية؟ أم تقف وراءها دوافع أخرى. وكل ذلك بالحجة والدليل.
الكلمات المفتاحية : ( تشومسكي ) ( النحو العربي) ( النظرية التوليدية )
الإعجاز العلمي في البصمات وشخصية الانسان
Authors: أ.م.د. ثائر محمود عبيد أ.م.د. ثائر محمود عبيد , م.د. مهند سالم عباس م.د. مهند سالم عباس
Published: June 2024

ملخص البحث:
إن القرآن الكريم اثار موضوع البصمات واطراف الاصابع بصورة مثيرة للدهشة فقد اشار إلى البصمات في القرآن الكريم في سورة القيامة، قال تعالى: ( بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ )، وفي هذه الاية اشارة إلى الإعجاز العلمي القرآني، فقد وجد اطباء التشريح وعلماء الارض ان بنان الاصابع واطرافها خلقها الله تعالى باحسن تقويم، وجعل فيها هوية شخصية وهي البصمة التي تكاد لا تتشابه مع بصمة أخرى، فالبصمة التي هي جزء من جلد الأصابع، اثارت الدهشة في دقة خلقها واتقانها ففيها ترى عظيم قدرة الله تعالى في جعلها مختلفة بين إصبع وآخر في اليد الواحدة، فكيف إذا جعلها تعالى مختلفة عن مليارات البشر في الكرة الارضية، وفيها تذكير بقوله تعالى: ﴿لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ﴾، لذلك استخدمها محققي الجرائم وضباط الأمن في التعرف على هويات الجناة، واستخدمتها الجهات الحكومية في اثبات شخصية الفرد، وهذا كلّه من فضل الله تعالى على البشرية.
الكلمات المفتاحية : (الإعجاز- العلم – القرآن – البصمات – الشخصية)
ECOSSISTEMA DE MODA E LIFESTYLE: ANÁLISE DOS CRITÉRIOS DE CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE UM ECOSSISTEMA DE INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Bender Rafaela Luisa , Vargas Braga da Silva Mariana , Callegaro de Menezes Daniela , Tarifa Olivera Mary Claudia
Published: June 2024

Resumo: Este artigo verifica se a estratégia de inovação - anunciado em relatório de uma empresa relevante ao varejo nacional - pode ser caracterizado como tal à luz de ecossistemas de inovação. O estudo investiga a estratégia apresentada no relatório de sustentabilidade e sua configuração como um verdadeiro ecossistema de inovação, com base em critérios estabelecidos na literatura. Para isto, uma abordagem qualitativa é adotada partindo de dados secundários, como o relatório, site institucional e políticas do setor, são analisados para examinar as características mencionadas na literatura (RINKINEN; HARMAKOORPI, 2017). Os resultados indicam que a empresa possui um escopo voltado para estimular o ecossistema de inovação, estabelece uma rede global de relacionamentos com diversos atores. A dinâmica e a força direcionadas para a criação de valor compartilhado também são evidentes. No entanto, não foram identificados indícios das características de conhecimento e inovação, cooperação, envolvimento com o setor público e objetivos de políticas. Como consideração final, sugere-se que a empresa comunique de forma mais clara como a inovação aberta é estabelecida, compromissos com políticas e envolvimento com o setor público, além de buscar outros relacionamentos com empresas para estimular a produção de valor compartilhado. Isso ajudará a fortalecer sua posição como um verdadeiro ecossistema de inovação no varejo brasileiro.
BENEFÍCIOS SOCIAIS DE UM PARQUE TECNOLÓGICO NA FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: ESTUDO DE CASO SERRATEC/RJ
Authors: De Almeida Camargo Leandro
Published: June 2024

O Parque Tecnológico da Região Serrana do Rio de Janeiro (Serratec) destaca-se como um dos maiores centros de tecnologia do Brasil, abrigando o Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica e mais de 400 empresas de tecnologia. Esses ambientes impulsionam a geração de conhecimento, a transferência de tecnologia e a transformação de ideias em produtos e serviços inovadores. Assim sendo, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar quais são os benefícios sociais proporcionados à população no que se refere à capacitação em tecnologia da informação promovida pelo Parque Tecnológico Serratec, situado no município de Petrópolis, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Utilizou-se uma abordagem de estudo de caso exploratório e descritivo. No período de 20 dias de disponibilidade do questionário on-line houve a participação de 78 respondentes, cuja faixa etária predominante situou-se entre 20-45 anos (95%). O perfil sociodemográfico feminino foi de 24% e masculino de 76%, com maior representatividade do município de Petrópolis (34 pessoas). A pesquisa revela que 73% dos entrevistados têm conhecimento da existência do Serratec, enquanto apenas 56% participaram dos cursos oferecidos pela parceira FEST. O Parque Tecnológico Serratec oferece oportunidades de capacitação, estágios e programas de formação em TI, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de habilidades, formação de profissionais qualificados e estímulo à inovação. Além disso, desempenha um papel crucial no desenvolvimento econômico regional, interagindo com a comunidade, promovendo inclusão digital e melhorando a qualidade de vida.
DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL E O IMPOSTO PREDIAL E TERRITORIAL URBANO (IPTU) COMO FONTE DE ARRECADAÇÃO MUNICIPAL: O CASO DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO SEBASTIÃO/SP
Authors: Luiz Leopoldino dos Santos Matheus , Trajano Vieira Edson , Enari Eduardo Hidenori
Published: June 2024

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a dinâmica da arrecadação do IPTU como possível fonte de financiamento de investimentos em infraestrutura urbana no município de São Sebastião/SP. Para que esse objetivo seja alcançado foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa que se fundamenta em examinar os dados referentes ao lançamento e a arrecadação provenientes do IPTU da Prefeitura Municipal de São Sebastião/SP. As informações obtidas para a realização do estudo foram por meio de fontes secundárias e documentação física fornecida pela prefeitura, os dados coletados e examinados foram os lançamentos do Imposto Predial e do Imposto Territorial Urbano realizados durante o período de 2019 a 2023 e as receitas arrecadadas com o imposto do IPTU durante o período de 2013 a 2023. Os resultados evidenciam que, apesar dos valores das receitas de lançamento e os de arrecadação do IPTU serem desiguais em todos os anos, as receitas arrecadadas nos últimos onze anos vêm aumentando progressivamente, o que possibilita a realização de um planejamento econômico-financeiro para investimentos de médio e longo prazo. Conclui-se, a partir deste estudo, a imperatividade de políticas públicas fundamentadas na inclusão social, econômica e territorial, com o objetivo de dirimir as consequências do modelo segregador presente em diversas áreas do município, que resulta na concentração das classes sociais mais baixas em áreas desprovidas de infraestrutura adequada e com escassez de equipamentos públicos.
LOGÍSTICA HUMANITÁRIA: TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE COMUNICAÇÃO NA GESTÃO DE RISCOS DE DESASTRES
Authors: Moura Roque Antônio , Monteiro Vera Lúcia , Galvão Junior Lourival da Cruz , Oliveira Márcia Regina , Silva Messias Borges
Published: June 2024

Desastres podem ocorrer por causas naturais ou pela ação humana. Em ambas as situações de ocorrência, o valor do uso de mídias sociais é notoriamente reconhecida. Riscos existem quando uma dada sociedade apresenta um certo grau de vulnerabilidade e ao se considerar a percepção das pessoas quanto aos riscos a que estão expostas, sabe-se que há diferenças entre riscos reais e riscos percebidos. Sob esse contexto, esta pesquisa avaliou diferentes mídias para detectar o meio mais assertivo de comunicação com os cidadãos, para melhor direcionar as ações de comunicação dos agentes da Defesa Civil com as comunidades em áreas de risco. Pesquisas sobre a percepção e a comunicação de riscos demonstraram claramente que entender riscos requer mais do que informar e educar as pessoas sobre os riscos, pois a credibilidade e o rigor do agente emissor da informação devem ser balanceados com a percepção e o senso comum dos receptores. Nesse sentido, é fundamental a elaboração de protocolos claros a serem seguidos pelos agentes governamentais e de Defesa Civil, para proporcionar uma comunicação eficaz e segura ao público, de forma a evitar ambiguidades, dúvidas e erros para se garantir o controle de uma situação e a confiança do público.
Hierarchy and Typology of Political Culture
Authors: Nasution Raihani Dewi , Indah Fasrah , Astaman Raden Bagus , Winaldi Ahmad , Harahap Elly Warnisyah
Published: June 2024

This article discusses political structure and culture with a focus on several key dimensions, namely the physical structure of politics, the social structure of politics, and various types of political culture. The physical structure of politics refers to the formal institutions and political mechanisms that influence the process of political action. The socio-political structure includes the distribution of power and social hierarchies that influence political dynamics in society. Furthermore, this article outlines the different types of political culture, including a political parochial culture that shows minimal involvement in national political affairs, a political subjective culture that reflects individuals' political attitudes and orientations towards power and political participation, and a political participatory culture that encourage active participation in the political process. Through an analysis of the physical and socio-political structures, as well as various political cultures, this article provides a more accurate understanding of the complexity of politics in modern societies. The implications of this understanding for public policy development and political system development are also discussed in depth.
HABILIDADES E PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS ALIADAS ÀS ESTRATÉGIAS E MATERIAIS DE ENSINO
Authors: Araújo Bruna Rafaela Guedes de , Jorge Graciele Cristina de Almeida , Roverssi Tabata Tatiane Ramalho , Borges Thiago dos Santos
Published: June 2024

Esse trabalho objetivou apresentar as habilidades e práticas pedagógicas aliadas às estratégias e materiais de ensino, bem como o professor deve conduzir o seu trabalho, destacando o educador e os objetivos na realização das aulas. Este trabalho, é resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico, analisou-se as competências pessoais e profissionais necessárias aos educadores nas diferentes etapas de sua atuação; as estratégias e práticas do professor e a escola são elementos fundamentais e inseparáveis na vida de um estudante. Espera-se assim compreender como o comportamento individual pode ser uma alternativa na promoção do crescimento do grupo de maneira colaborativa, em que os alunos assumem o seu papel como protagonista e constroem um projeto de vida, para tanto é necessário integrar socialmente os alunos e os professores. Conclui-se que existe a necessidade de constante atualização desse profissional, a fim de acompanhar as inovações que acontecem no campo educacional e, principalmente no mundo em que a escola vem de encontro às oportunidades.
DESCOBRINDO E CRESCENDO: O LÚDICO COMO FERRAMENTA DE APRENDIZADO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Pedro Cristiano Aparecido , Vieira Giseli Maria Bonatto Braghin , Curtolo Kelly Fernanda Medeiros , Ponti Lilian Maria de , Santos Marta Helena Arnosti dos , Pulz Michele
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho aborda a grande importância de se trabalhar de forma lúdica durante o processo de aprendizagem na educação infantil, destacando como essa abordagem fomenta um aprendizado de qualidade para a criança. Utilizando técnicas que promovem o desenvolvimento de habilidades fundamentais, o estudo busca aprimorar a compreensão da inserção da criança na vida escolar e das atividades lúdicas no contexto da educação infantil, além de analisar os reflexos dessa prática em seu desenvolvimento global. A pesquisa, de natureza bibliográfica, elenca assuntos pertinentes para esse entendimento, como a história do brincar, o lúdico na educação infantil e a importância das brincadeiras pedagógicas. Conclui-se que as atividades lúdicas favorecem o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, tornando as crianças mais conscientes de seu papel na sociedade e contribuindo significativamente para seu desenvolvimento integral.
Ledarskap i förändring och behov av ett ansvarsfullt ledarskap som begrepp för framtidens förskola
Authors: Hildén Ebba , Hultman Annica Löfdahl
Published: June 2024

I svensk förskola är endast 40% av de som arbetar utbildade förskollärare, vilket i praktiken innebär att undervisning till stor del genomförs av barnskötare (eller annan pedagogisk personal). I förskolans styrdokument anges att det är förskolläraren som ska ansvara för undervisningen. Om barnskötare genomför undervisningen ska detta ske under ledning av förskollärare. I artikeln undersöks hur förskollärare beskriver sitt ledarskap över barnskötares undervisning. Analysen har genomförts med stöd i teorier om lärares professionalism som ansvarsfull eller som redovisningsskyldig. Resultaten visar på flera spänningsfält mellan dessa logiker, där förskollärares ledarskap över barnskötares undervisning både förhåller sig till ett professionellt ansvar och en redovisningsskyldighet, men där redovisningsskyldigheten tenderar att överväga. Resultaten diskuteras utifrån möjligheten att etablera ett nytt ledarskapsbegrepp i förskolan: ansvarsfullt ledarskap.
Two different stories? Parents’ and teachers’ views on children’s special support in school
Authors: Olsson Åsa
Published: June 2024

Home-school collaboration supports students’ achievements, learning, and development, according to prior research. This article aims to explore parents’ and teachers’ views on children's special education needs and special support, focusing on the degree of agreement between the two parties. It also aims to explore the extent to which parents' views on special support for their children match their experiences of contact with teachers. The present study is based on questionnaires to teachers and parents of 476 children, aged 8-10 years, who were identified as needing extra adaptations or special support. The results show that teachers consider about twice as many students to be in need of special support than parents do, and that both teachers and parents consider more boys than girls to be in need of special support. There is also a correlation between parents' satisfaction with their child's support and their level of satisfaction with communication with the child's teacher. Finally, good contact between teachers and parents is associated with a consensus about the children's need for support.
Humanitarian activities of the county police in the second half of the XIX– early XX centuries (on the example of the Vladimir province)
Authors: MOROVA Olga Viktorovna
Published: June 2024

Law enforcement agencies have been and remain an important part of the Russian state system. The field of responsibility of the police authorities of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries was extensive and diverse. It included issues of state, community and public administration, management in the field of economics, industry, transport, finance, control over compliance with laws and regulations, protection of personal rights and property, health care, social security, education, the spiritual sphere and monitoring the moral condition of the population. The article is devoted to the activities of the district police of the Vladimir province in the field of struggle for the physical and moral health of the population. This aspect is insufficiently covered in local-level research, so the author used archival materials from the Vladimir province to complement the image and the scale of the activities of local law enforcement agencies by the beginning of the XX century. Pokrovsky County was the most densely populated due to the high concentration of factory industry and workers. The research is based on the principles of historicism, reliability and scientific character, chronological and historical-systemic methods are used. Specific examples show the role of the county police in combating the spread of infectious diseases and drunkenness among the population, carried out in difficult conditions of active migration flows in cities and counties of the Vladimir province and an ever-growing number of residents. The staff of the Pokrovsky district police department, in addition to the functions of law enforcement and public peace, controlled the opening of hospitals, the provision of medical care, strictly monitored the referral of syphilis-infected residents to county hospitals for treatment, and fought against public drinking in villages and towns of the county. Statistics collected from the field by district police officers were sent to the provincial government, to statistical committees and became the basis for state and public decisions in the relevant areas.
Visuo-motor updating in individuals with heightened autistic traits
Authors: Pomè Antonella , Zimmermann Eckart
Published: June 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents a range of challenges, including heightened sensory sensitivities. Here, we examine the idea that sensory overload in ASD may be linked to issues with efference copy mechanisms, which predict the sensory outcomes of self-generated actions, such as eye movements. Efference copies play a vital role in maintaining visual and motor stability. Disrupted efference copies hinder precise predictions, leading to increased reliance on actual feedback and potential distortions in perceptions across eye movements. In our first experiment, we tested how well healthy individuals with varying levels of autistic traits updated their mental map after making eye movements. We found that those with more autistic traits had difficulty using information from their eye movements to update the spatial representation of their mental map, resulting in significant errors in object localization. In the second experiment, we looked at how participants perceived an object displacement after making eye movements. Using a trans-saccadic spatial updating task, we found that those with higher autism scores exhibited a greater bias, indicating under-compensation of eye movements and a failure to maintain spatial stability during saccades. Overall, our study underscores efference copy’s vital role in visuo-motor stability, aligning with Bayesian theories of autism, potentially informing interventions for improved action–perception integration in autism.
Multi-FusNet: fusion mapping of features for fine-grained image retrieval networks
Authors: Cui Xiaohui , Li Huan , Liu Lei , Wang Sheng , Xu Fu
Published: June 2024

As the diversity and volume of images continue to grow, the demand for efficient fine-grained image retrieval has surged across numerous fields. However, the current deep learning-based approaches to fine-grained image retrieval often concentrate solely on the top-layer features, neglecting the relevant information carried in the middle layer, even though these information contains more fine-grained identification content. Moreover, these methods typically employ a uniform weighting strategy during hash code mapping, risking the loss of critical region mapping—an irreversible detriment to fine-grained retrieval tasks. To address the above problems, we propose a novel method for fine-grained image retrieval that leverage feature fusion and hash mapping techniques. Our approach harnesses a multi-level feature cascade, emphasizing not just top-layer but also intermediate-layer image features, and integrates a feature fusion module at each level to enhance the extraction of discriminative information. In addition, we introduce an agent self-attention architecture, marking its first application in this context, which steers the model to prioritize on long-range features, further avoiding the loss of critical regions of the mapping. Finally, our proposed model significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art, improving the retrieval accuracy by an average of 40% for the 12-bit dataset, 22% for the 24-bit dataset, 16% for the 32-bit dataset, and 11% for the 48-bit dataset across five publicly available fine-grained datasets. We also validate the generalization ability and performance stability of our proposed method by another five datasets and statistical significance tests. Our code can be downloaded from https://github.com/BJFU-CS2012/MuiltNet.git.
Integrated bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing identifies an aneuploidy-based gene signature to predict sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma to traditional chemotherapy drugs and patients’ prognosis
Authors: Wang Xiaobin , Chen Jiakuan , Li Chaofan , Liu Yufei , Chen Shiqun , Lv Feng , Lan Ke , He Wei , Zhu Hongsheng , Xu Liang , Ma Kaiyuan , Guo Haihua
Published: June 2024

Background

Patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) often develop a poor prognosis. Currently, researches on prognostic and immunotherapeutic capacity of aneuploidy-related genes in LUAD are limited.

Methods

Genes related to aneuploidy were screened based on bulk RNA sequencing data from public databases using Spearman method. Next, univariate Cox and Lasso regression analyses were performed to establish an aneuploidy-related riskscore (ARS) model. Results derived from bioinformatics analysis were further validated using cellular experiments. In addition, typical LUAD cells were identified by subtype clustering, followed by SCENIC and intercellular communication analyses. Finally, ESTIMATE, ssGSEA and CIBERSORT algorithms were employed to analyze the potential relationship between ARS and tumor immune environment.

Results

A five-gene ARS signature was developed. These genes were abnormally high-expressed in LUAD cell lines, and in particular the high expression of CKS1B promoted the proliferative, migratory and invasive phenotypes of LUAD cell lines. Low ARS group had longer overall survival time, higher degrees of inflammatory infiltration, and could benefit more from receiving immunotherapy. Patients in low ASR group responded more actively to traditional chemotherapy drugs (Erlotinib and Roscovitine). The scRNA-seq analysis annotated 17 cell subpopulations into seven cell clusters. Core transcription factors (TFs) such as CREB3L1 and CEBPD were enriched in high ARS cell group, while TFs such as BCLAF1 and UQCRB were enriched in low ARS cell group. CellChat analysis revealed that high ARS cell groups communicated with immune cells via SPP1 (ITGA4-ITGB1) and MK (MDK-NCl) signaling pathways.

Conclusion

In this research, integrative analysis based on the ARS model provided a potential direction for improving the diagnosis and treatment of LUAD.
Sequence and structure analyses of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases mined from metagenomic DNA of humus samples around white-rot fungi in Cuc Phuong tropical forest, Vietnam
Authors: Truong Nam-Hai , Le Thi-Thu-Hong , Nguyen Hong-Duong , Nguyen Hong-Thanh , Dao Trong-Khoa , Tran Thi-Minh-Nguyet , Tran Huyen-Linh , Nguyen Dinh-Trong , Nguyen Thi-Quy , Phan Thi-Hong-Thao , Do Thi-Huyen , Phan Ngoc-Han , Ngo Thi-Cam-Nhung , Vu Van-Van
Published: June 2024

Background

White-rot fungi and bacteria communities are unique ecosystems with different types of symbiotic interactions occurring during wood decomposition, such as cooperation, mutualism, nutritional competition, and antagonism. The role of chitin-active lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) in these symbiotic interactions is the subject of this study.

Method

In this study, bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the sequence and structure of putative LPMOs mined by hidden Markov model (HMM) profiles from the bacterial metagenomic DNA database of collected humus samples around white-rot fungi in Cuc Phuong primary forest, Vietnam. Two genes encoding putative LPMOs were expressed in E. coli and purified for enzyme activity assay.

Result

Thirty-one full-length proteins annotated as putative LPMOs according to HMM profiles were confirmed by amino acid sequence comparison. The comparison results showed that although the amino acid sequences of the proteins were very different, they shared nine conserved amino acids, including two histidine and one phenylalanine that characterize the H1-Hx-Yz motif of the active site of bacterial LPMOs. Structural analysis of these proteins revealed that they are multidomain proteins with different functions. Prediction of the catalytic domain 3-D structure of these putative LPMOs using Alphafold2 showed that their spatial structures were very similar in shape, although their protein sequences were very different. The results of testing the activity of proteins GL0247266 and GL0183513 show that they are chitin-active LPMOs. Prediction of the 3-D structures of these two LPMOs using Alphafold2 showed that GL0247266 had five functional domains, while GL0183513 had four functional domains, two of which that were similar to the GbpA_2 and GbpA_3 domains of protein GbpA of Vibrio cholerae bacteria. The GbpA_2 - GbpA_3 complex was also detected in 11 other proteins. Based on the structural characteristics of functional domains, it is possible to hypothesize the role of chitin-active GbpA-like LPMOs in the relationship between fungal and bacterial communities coexisting on decomposing trees in primary forests.
Ecotoxicological effects of tungsten on celery (Apium graveolens L) and pepper (Capsicum spp.)
Authors: Li Qi , Zheng Xiaojun , Chen Ming
Published: June 2024

Background

Tungsten (W) is an emerging heavy metal pollutant, yet research remains scarce on the biomonitor and sensitive biomarkers for W contamination.

Methods

In this study, celery and pepper were chosen as study subjects and subjected to exposure cultivation in solutions with five different levels of W. The physiological and biochemical toxicities of W on these two plants were systematically analyzed. The feasibility of utilizing celery and pepper as biomonitor organisms for W contamination was explored and indicative biomarkers were screened.

Results

The results indicated that W could inhibit plants’ root length, shoot height, and fresh weight while concurrently promoting membrane lipid peroxidation. Additionally, W enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) to counteract oxidative damage. From a physiological perspective, pepper exhibited potential as a biomonitor for W contamination. Biochemical indicators suggested that SOD could serve as a sensitive biomarker for W in celery, while TAOC and POD were more suitable for the roots and leaves of pepper. In conclusion, our study investigated the toxic effects of W on celery and pepper, contributing to the understanding of W’s environmental toxicity. Furthermore, it provided insights for selecting biomonitor organisms and sensitive biomarkers for W contamination.