bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction to “Peter Weiss and Hans Magnus Enzensberger: A Controversy”
Authors: Hell Julia
Published: December 2022

This introduction situates the 1966 essays by Peter Weiss and Hans Magnus Enzensberger in the context of decolonization, taking into account Gary Wilder’s and Michael Rothberg’s reframing of the immediate postwar decades. More precisely, the introduction discusses Weiss’s and Enzensberger’s texts as engaging Frantz Fanon’s “On Violence,” published in Kursbuch, together with Enzensberger’s “Europäische Peripherie” (1965), the article to which Weiss responds with “Enzensberger’s Illusions.” Analyzing their present moment in global terms, the authors debate the role of European intellectuals. Although Weiss and Enzensberger do not address the relationship between politics and aesthetics directly, the introduction asks us to rethink postwar modernisms. Keeping in mind the connection between anticolonial politics and surrealism in the writings of Fanon and Aimé Césaire, the introduction briefly traces the political and aesthetic significance of surrealism in Weiss’s thought and writing.
Η αναπαράσταση του εξωτικού στην ελληνική δισκογραφία των 78 στροφών
Authors: Ευαγγέλου Γεώργιος
Published: December 2022

O εξωτισμός στην ελληνική δισκογραφία των 78 στροφών δεν είναι αποτέλεσμα παρθενογένεσης, ούτε φαινόμενο μικρής κλίμακας, αλλά αποτελεί βασικό στοιχείο των αστικών μουσικών. Στην παρούσα μελέτη, επιχειρείται η ανάδειξη του τρόπου με τον οποίο εκφέρεται ο εξωτισμός, της σχέσης του με τις άλλες μορφές τεχνών, ποια είδη αφορά, ποια δίκτυα τον ανέδειξαν, ποιον εξωτισμό ευαγγελίζονται τα τραγούδια και πώς τον εννοούν τόσο ως στιχουργικό αφήγημα, όσο και ως μουσική συγκρότηση.
Η μεταβολή και η κατάργηση της επιχειρησιακής συνήθειας
Authors: Λεβέντη Άννα
Published: December 2022

Η παρούσα διατριβή ερευνά τους τρόπους μεταβολής ή κατάργησης της πρακτικής της εκμετάλλευσης. Η μεταβολή και κατάργηση της πρακτικής είναι άρρηκτα συνδεδεμένη με τη νομική φύση της και για τον λόγο αυτό η εργασία εξετάζει τόσο τις τρεις θεωρίες για τη νομική φύση της όσο και τις προϋποθέσεις δημιουργίας της πρακτικής της εκμετάλλευσης. Η εργασία συντάσσεται με τη συμβατική θεωρία, η οποία στηρίζεται στην ερμηνεία των σιωπηρών δηλώσεων βουλήσεως των μερών, όπως αυτή συνάγεται από τη συμπεριφορά του εργοδότη και των εργαζομένων και τις συντρέχουσες περιστάσεις. Εφ’ όσον η πρακτική καθίσταται περιεχόμενο των ατομικών συμβάσεων εργασίας, η μεταβολή ή κατάργησή της μονομερώς από τον εργοδότη δεν είναι δυνατή, αλλά μπορεί να επιτευχθεί με νεότερη σύμβαση τροποποιητική ή καταργητική της πρακτικής, με τη δημιουργία αντίθετης (αρνητικής) πρακτικής, με την ενεργοποίηση ρητρών ανάκλησης, με τροποποιητική καταγγελία και σπανιότερα με βάση την ΑΚ 388 σε περίπτωση απρόοπτης μεταβολής των συνθηκών. Στην εργασία, τέλος, υποστηρίζεται ότι οι νομοθετικές αξιολογήσεις ως προς τον έλεγχο των ΓΟΣ που ενυπάρχουν στον Ν. 2251/1994 και οι οποίες εμπλουτίζουν ερμηνευτικά την ΑΚ 281, μπορούν να εφαρμόζονται αναλογικώς και επί των συμβάσεων εξαρτημένης εργασίας και να οδηγούν σε ένα παρεμφερή δικαστικό έλεγχο των προδιατυπωμένων γενικών όρων εργασίας.
Spatial attention in natural tasks
Authors: Wohlgemuth Melville , Salles Angeles , Moss Cynthia
Published: December 2022

Little is known about fine scale neural dynamics that accompany rapid shifts in spatial attention in freely behaving animals, primarily because reliable indicators of attention are lacking in standard model organisms engaged in natural tasks.  The echolocating bat can serve to bridge this gap, as it exhibits robust dynamic behavioral indicators of overt spatial attention as it explores its environment.  In particular, the bat actively shifts the aim of its sonar beam to inspect objects in different directions, akin to eye movements and foveation in humans and other visually dominant animals. Further, the bat adjusts the temporal features of sonar calls to attend to objects at different distances, yielding a metric of acoustic gaze along the range axis. Thus, an echolocating bat’s call features not only convey the information it uses to probe its surroundings, but also provide fine scale metrics of auditory spatial attention in 3D natural tasks. These explicit metrics of overt spatial attention can be leveraged to uncover general principles of neural coding in the mammalian brain.
A Clinically Oriented antimicrobial Resistance surveillance Network (ACORN): pilot implementation in three countries in Southeast Asia, 2019-2020
Authors: van Doorn H. Rogier , Miliya Thyl , Douangnouvong Anousone , Ta Thi Dieu Ngan , Soputhy Chansovannara , Lem Meymey , Chommanam Danoy , Keoluangkhot Valy , Soumphonphakdy Bandith , Rassavong Khaysy , Thanadabouth Khamphong , Sayarath Manoloth , Chansamouth Vilada , Vu Minh Dien , Dong Phu Khiem , Dang Van Duong , Tran Van Bac , Do Thi Kim Yen , Ninh Thi Ngoc , Nguyen Hong Long , Kim Ngoc Hao , Prak Sothea , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Van Dinh Trang , Nguyen Thi Kim Tuyen , Nguyen Hong Khanh , Hamers Raph L. , Ling Clare , Roberts Tamalee , Waithira Naomi , Wannapinij Prapass , Vu Tien Viet Dung , Celhay Olivier , Ngoun Chanpheaktra , Vongphachanh Susath , Pham Ngoc Thach , Ashley Elizabeth A. , Turner Paul
Published: December 2022

Background: Case-based surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) provides more actionable data than isolate- or sample-based surveillance. We developed A Clinically Oriented antimicrobial Resistance surveillance Network (ACORN) as a lightweight but comprehensive platform, in which we combine clinical data collection with diagnostic stewardship, microbiological data collection and visualisation of the linked clinical-microbiology dataset. Data are compatible with WHO GLASS surveillance and can be stratified by syndrome and other metadata. Summary metrics can be visualised and fed back directly for clinical decision-making and to inform local treatment guidelines and national policy.

Methods: An ACORN pilot was implemented in three hospitals in Southeast Asia (1 paediatric, 2 general) to collect clinical and microbiological data from patients with community- or hospital-acquired pneumonia, sepsis, or meningitis. The implementation package included tools to capture site and laboratory capacity information, guidelines on diagnostic stewardship, and a web-based data visualisation and analysis platform.

Results: Between December 2019 and October 2020, 2294 patients were enrolled with 2464 discrete infection episodes (1786 community-acquired, 518 healthcare-associated and 160 hospital-acquired). Overall, 28-day mortality was 8.7%. Third generation cephalosporin resistance was identified in 54.2% (39/72) of E. coli and 38.7% (12/31) of K. pneumoniae isolates. Almost a quarter of S. aureus isolates were methicillin resistant (23.0%, 14/61). 290/2464 episodes could be linked to a pathogen, highlighting the level of enrolment required to achieve an acceptable volume of isolate data. However, the combination with clinical metadata allowed for more nuanced interpretation and immediate feedback of results.

Conclusions: ACORN was technically feasible to implement and acceptable at site level. With minor changes from lessons learned during the pilot ACORN is now being scaled up and implemented in 15 hospitals in 9 low- and middle-income countries to generate sufficient case-based data to determine incidence, outcomes, and susceptibility of target pathogens among patients with infectious syndromes.
Atlas de Migraña en Andalucía
Authors: Correa-Fernández José , Garrido-Cumbrera Marco , González Oria Carmen
Published: December 2022

La migraña constituye una de las causas más frecuentes de consulta al neurólogo. En este volumen se analiza la situación concreta de esta cefalea primaria en Andalucía a partir de la información derivada de la encuesta nacional del Atlas de Migraña en España para conocer la realidad de las personas que la padecen desde distintos ámbitos: diagnóstico, atención sanitaria, comorbilidades, tratamientos, salud psicológica, limitaciones y discapacidad, hábitos saludables e impacto laboral. A diferencia de otros estudios, una de las principales aportaciones de esta obra es la incorporación de la perspectiva del paciente y del cuidador en aspectos tales como la eficacia de los tratamientos, las limitaciones en la vida social y laboral, la automedicación o los miedos y esperanzas. El objetivo final de este análisis circunscrito a Andalucía es aportar evidencias científicas para establecer propuestas y recomendaciones destinadas a mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas.
A prehospital approach to intravenous fluid therapy in patients with sepsis
Authors: Costello Barry , Sinclair Neil
Published: December 2022

Sepsis is a life-threatening, acute condition that can lead to septic shock and haemodynamic instability; it can be fatal if not treated. It is usually a complication of a viral, bacterial and fungal infection. Patients may have severe chest, kidney and abdominal infections. Hypovolaemia is common in patients with sepsis and may lead to a poorer outcome, and early fluid expansion is often the first step in treating these patients, in line with the Sepsis Six guidance. Paramedics are often the first practitioners to attend these patients so are well placed to provide live-saving fluid resuscitation. This article focuses on intravenous fluid therapy in the prehospital setting for critically ill patients with sepsis, including considerations regarding a need for early fluid resuscitation and the choice and administration of fluid, as well as monitoring and assessing the patient response to this.
Infrared Temperature Sensor for Use Among Sow Herds
Authors:   Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 51000 Thailand, Yamsakul Panuwat , Yano Terdsak ,   Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 51000 Thailand, Na Lampang Kannika ,   Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 51000 Thailand, Khamkong Manad ,   Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 51000 Thailand, Srikitjakarn Lertrak ,   PODD center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 51000 Thailand
Published: December 2022

Presently, the body temperature of farm animals must be monitored to prevent the occurrence or progression of any disease amongst the herds. We have employed infrared sensors (called “Inspect”) to detect the fever status of sows. Systemic architecture and data flow systems have also been designed for workers to use on small-scale pig farms. The body temperature of 100 gestating sows was determined with the use of a standard thermometer (inserted into the rectum), while our device was used on each part of the body of the sows. The valva or anus was found to be that location because of the high correlation that was observed between the two measurements (R=0.78). Moreover, regular, and systematic inspections were employed for a full year in 2019 on commercial pig farms that were home to at least 300 sows. The results indicated that the production indexes of the after period (2019) were better than those of the before period (2018), especially in terms of the health status of the animals with regard to mg/PCU. Consequently, it was determined that this system could detect abnormal signs in livestock before they could become a bigger problem.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with Giardia lamblia infection among cattle from Jere local government area of Borno state, Northeastern Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600004 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Dawud Jidda , Lawan Mohammed Kabiru ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 810107 Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Jajere Saleh Mohammed ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600004 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Muhammad Abubakar Sadiq ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600004 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Jauro Solomon ,   Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, 600004 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Hassan Ashemi Yusuf ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 810107 Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Ghamba Peter Elisha ,   Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, 600004 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Tijjani Abdulyekeen Olawale ,   Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600004 Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Published: December 2022

This study was designed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Giardia lamblia infection among cattle in Jere local government area (LGA) of Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria. A total of 279 faecal samples were randomly collected from 12 cattle herds of the six wards of Jere LGA. The samples were screened for Giardia lamblia antigens with Copro-antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Risk factors were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate, and multivariable logistic regression. The overall prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection among cattle was 5.7% (95% CI = 3.20, 8.60). Location-specific prevalence of 5.4% (95% CI = 1.1, 9.8), 4.3% (95% CI = 0.0, 10.6), 4.3% (95% CI = 0.0, 10.6), 8.7% (95% CI = 0.0, 21.7), 6.4% (95% CI = 0.0, 14.9) and 8.7% (95% CI = 0.0, 21.7) for Old Maiduguri, Khaddamari, Bale Galtimari, Mashamari, Maimusari and Dusuman wards were respectively detected among the cattle herds. Multivariable logistic regression model revealed that Giardia lamblia positivity among cattle could be strongly predicted by age (Young cattle ≤ 1 year; OR = 32.0; 95% CI = 8.40, 120.13; p < 0.0001). The even spread of the infection among cattle throughout the wards could be described as endemic in Jere LGA suggesting high risk potential for infection of cattle handlers from calves. Therefore, further studies on genetic characterization to determine the incriminating assemblage as well as public enlightenment of cattle handlers on the public health significance of giardiasis in the study area was recommended.
NARRAR O PATHOS: O MOVIMENTO FENOMENOLÓGICO DA VIDA
Authors: Pagnussat Janessa
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever o pathos na teoria fenomenológica de Michel Henry através da perspectiva narrativa de Paul Ricoeur. Inicialmente, far-se-á uma exposição da fenomenologia material de Henry abordando a afetividade que se manifesta no pathos. Essa teoria originária descreve uma fenomenalidade pura do ser em que os afetos são desvelados em sua imanência. A subjetividade patética ocorre a partir desse desvelamento na interioridade e obscuridade ontológica. Assim, os afetos, os sentimentos e as emoções são dados na invisibilidade da vida. Posteriormente, pretende-se apresentar a linguagem como possibilidade de narrar o pathos subjetivo. Nesse sentido, utilizar-se-á a teoria narrativa de Ricoeur para expor esse pressuposto. Por fim, apesar de Henry não considerar a linguagem como necessária para a manifestação afetiva intersubjetiva, defende-se a ideia de que é possível narrar o pathos quando o sujeito exterioriza seus sentimentos pela linguagem e ao contar suas histórias de vida.
NARRATIVA DE UMA EXISTÊNCIA EXISTIDA COMO NARRATIVA
Authors: Costa Vítor Hugo dos Reis
Published: December 2022

Trata-se de um ensaio, de cunho hermenêutico, na direção de um aprofundamento das posições narrativistas de Paul Ricoeur. Para tanto, o pensamento do autor será cotejado com três ideias segundo as quais suas considerações sobre o papel existencial da narração. A primeira é a ideia acerca da necessidade de uma comunidade de natureza entre fatores, aplicada à relação entre existência e narração. A segunda é a introdução da figura de um sujeito errante que existe como leitor da existência. A terceira, que sintetiza as outras duas, é a ideia de que a existência não só é narrada na forma de história mas já é, de saída, vivida como história.
POR UMA JUSTIÇA COM AMOR
Authors: Takahashi Bruno , Zaneti Simokomaki Giulia Yumi
Published: December 2022

O artigo defende que a tensão dialética entre justiça e amor proposta por Paul Ricoeur contribui para a análise das lógicas subjacentes à justiça tradicional, de um lado, e à justiça conciliativa, de outro. Argumenta-se que a primeira, caracterizada pela decisão imposta por um terceiro (árbitro ou juiz), aproxima-se da lógica da equivalência (“dar a cada um o que é seu” ou a Regra de Ouro). Já a justiça conciliativa, na qual a decisão é consensualmente tomada pelas próprias partes em conflito (como na negociação, mediação ou conciliação), valoriza-se a lógica da superabundância (“amar os inimigos”). Dessa forma, alega-se que o reconhecimento da tensão dialética entre amor e justiça que perpassa os mecanismos de tratamento de conflitos permite identificar suas peculiaridades e, assim, proporcionar uma solução mais adequada dos casos.
RECONHECIMENTO MÚTUO E MEMÓRIA EM PAUL RICOEUR
Authors: Moreira Quadros Elton
Published: December 2022

Ricoeur trata, em sua reflexão, sobre o tema do reconhecimento. O filósofo francês apresenta esse tema em relação ao si mesmo (reconhecimento de si) e ao outro na relação, isto é, reconhecimento mútuo. Nesse artigo, nós nos deteremos nas discussões a respeito dessa segunda forma como o reconhecimento se constitui. Para tanto, abordamos a iniciação do diálogo que Ricoeur estabelece com Hobbes e seu reconhecimento a partir do medo e com Hegel e sua visão do reconhecimento na dinamicidade. A perspectiva ricoeuriana nos ajuda a compreender que o reconhecimento mútuo se dá na relação entre o eu, o outro, o tempo, a relação, entre outros fatores, na concretude da existência pessoal e social.
CÉLEBRE CARTA DE DESCARTES A BEECKMAN (AT, X, 154-160)
Authors: Ramos José Portugal dos Santos
Published: December 2022

A partir da exposição da célebre carta que Descartes envia à Beeckman na data de 26 de março de 1619, o presente artigo oferece aos leitores de língua portuguesa uma visão sistemática das questões lógico-matemáticas que permeiam a estrutura textual e filosófica da referida carta. Nesta perspectiva, destacam-se as seguintes questões: (i) a descoberta de Descartes de quatro demonstrações através do uso do compasso, (ii) a crítica cartesiana aos artifícios lógicos contemplados na Ars Brevem de Lúlio e (iii) a formulação dos raciocínios matemáticos que constituem a ciência inovadora do mencionado filósofo francês do século XVII. Cabe ressaltar que ao longo deste artigo sustenta-se que tanto a rejeição dos artifícios lógicos propostos por Lúlio quanto a inauguração de um novo modelo do pensamento lógico-matemático são retomados por Descartes nas Regulae e nas obras publicadas em 1637.
VAMPYROTEUTHIS INFERNALIS
Authors: Brayner de Farias André
Published: December 2022

Dificilmente podemos chegar a uma justa classificação para enquadrar a obra de Vilém Flusser. Do ponto de vista da filosofia ela soa muito literária; do ponto de vista da literatura ela deve parecer muito filosófica. De fato, precisamos encontrar um lugar entre a filosofia e a literatura para entender o procedimento ficcional deste ensaísta sui generis. Flusser sustenta a ideia de que toda forma de conhecimento é algum tipo de ficção, seja um ensaio filosófico, uma teoria científica ou um romance. Mas, se podemos reconhecer o estilo ficcional de Flusser em seus ensaios, é na obra Vampyroteuthis infernalis, escrita em parceria com Louis Bec, que a ficção filosófica de Flusser se realiza plenamente. Este ensaio pretende ser uma experimentação de filosofia ficcional, onde criamos uma categoria de análise, a zoontologia, cujo objetivo será o de levar adiante a provocação flusseriana sobre o que deve ser pensar a realidade: não descobrir verdades e falsidades, mas inventar saídas para nossos impasses e armadilhas intelectuais.
DOSSIÊ PAUL RICOEUR
Authors: Roque Lauxen Roberto , Freitas Pinto Weiny César
Published: December 2022

-
TRADUÇÃO - ESBOÇO PARA UMA DEFESA DO HOMEM CAPAZ (ENTREVISTA DE PAUL RICOEUR)
Authors: Roque Lauxen Roberto
Published: December 2022

-
Diversity in workplace – equality of workers: reality vs legal and economic conditions
Authors: Florek Iwona
Published: December 2022

The modern labor market changes as society changes. Employees should be treated equally, regardless of age, gender, race, beliefs, etc. Such a right is guaranteed in international and national legal acts. Despite legal regulations, the situation of different groups varies.
The subject of the issue is extremely extensive, therefore the article summarizes selected data on the realities of the labor market, which are juxtaposed with the legal framework within which it should function.
In the article European statistical data was used. The author has analyzed literature in the field of law and human resources management, legal acts.
Freedom of expression and information within the right to communicate according to Albanian legislation
Authors: Memini Valentina
Published: December 2022

Throughout history, mankind has been inclined to use an increasingly advanced technology to enhance communication skills between them. Communication already represents a need as essential as it is considered one of the fundamental human rights. This right of communication today translates, among others, as the right to freedom of expression, as well as the right to information. These rights are provided in the highest acts such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights, the Constitution of the Republic of Albania as well as other laws or bylaws issued on the basis and implementation of the Constitution. The human right to express oneself, to be informed and at the same time to preserve privacy, is developing along with the great boom that has taken place in the development of communication technology, in an increasingly connected world, so much so that to look like a global village, where information spreads very quickly. The evolution that has taken place with the development of information technology and related digital communications in recent years has changed the communication practices around the world. But in addition to this, the legislation that regulates this field has undergone constant changes, due to the fact of direct implication for human rights.
The Impact of Administration Formats on SIS-A Scores
Authors: Carlson Sarah R. , Thompson James R. , Shaw Leslie
Published: December 2022

Many U.S. states use the Supports Intensity Scale—Adult Version (SIS-A; Thompson et al., 2015) to inform the distribution of public funds for long-term services and supports. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, many states began administering the SIS-A virtually instead of in person. Because administration format has the potential to influence SIS-A scores and, consequently, impact the funding people receive for long-term services and supports, this study examined the stability of support need scores, as measured by the SIS-A, over two time periods: (a) when assessments were conducted in person and (b) when assessments were conducted virtually using remote technology. Specifically, the influence of assessment administration formats on SIS-A scores and on the perceptions of SIS-A assessors were investigated. Results revealed that the virtual administration format impacted SIS-A scores, but the impact was of little to no practical importance.
Triage of in vivo burn injuries and prediction of wound healing outcome using neural networks and modeling of the terahertz permittivity based on the double Debye dielectric parameters
Authors: Khani Mahmoud E. , Harris Zachery B. , Osman Omar B. , Singer Adam J. , Hassan Arbab M.
Published: December 2022

The initial assessment of the depth of a burn injury during triage forms the basis for determination of the course of the clinical treatment plan. However, severe skin burns are highly dynamic and hard to predict. This results in a low accuracy rate of about 60 - 75% in the diagnosis of partial-thickness burns in the acute post-burn period. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has demonstrated a significant potential for non-invasive and timely estimation of the burn severity. Here, we describe a methodology for the measurement and numerical modeling of the dielectric permittivity of the in vivo porcine skin burns. We use the double Debye dielectric relaxation theory to model the permittivity of the burned tissue. We further investigate the origins of dielectric contrast between the burns of various severity, as determined histologically based on the percentage of the burned dermis, using the empirical Debye parameters. We demonstrate that the five parameters of the double Debye model can form an artificial neural network classification algorithm capable of automatic diagnosis of the severity of the burn injuries, and predicting its ultimate wound healing outcome by forecasting its re-epithelialization status in 28 days. Our results demonstrate that the Debye dielectric parameters provide a physics-based approach for the extraction of the biomedical diagnostic markers from the broadband THz pulses. This method can significantly boost dimensionality reduction of THz training data in artificial intelligence models and streamline machine learning algorithms.
Mobility in informal settlements during a public lockdown: A case study in South Africa
Authors: Borofsky Yael , Günther Isabel
Published: December 2022

Many African countries quickly responded to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 with lockdowns of public life. Yet, many have large numbers of dense informal settlements where infrastructure is shared, houses are small, and residents live on low incomes. These conditions make complying with curfews extraordinarily difficult. Using pedestrian motion sensors installed throughout an informal settlement in Cape Town, South Africa, we study how the lockdown affected mobility in the evenings, early mornings, and during the nights between February 14 and June 18, 2020. We find that mobility was already decreasing in March prior to the start of lockdown by 23% in paths—about half of the overall decline—and by 19% in shared courtyards. Starting with the lockdown on March 27, pedestrian activity decreased by 48% in comparison to February 2020 across paths and by 61% in shared courtyards. We notice the biggest changes on weekends, normally key leisure times, and between 6:00 pm and 9:00 pm and between 6:00 am and 8:00 am, spanning typical commute hours, though these hours continue to have the most activity indicating some people continue to commute. The results show that mobility reduction is large, though generally smaller than reductions observed in high-income countries. We find that residents of informal settlements comply with state-mandated lockdowns to the best of their ability given the circumstances, but that awareness of COVID-19 with less strict regulations prior to lockdown also led to mobility declines.
Advanced machine learning algorithms to evaluate the effects of the raw ingredients on flowability and compressive strength of ultra-high-performance concrete
Authors: Qian Yunfeng , Sufian Muhammad , Accouche Oussama , Azab Marc
Published: December 2022

The estimation of concrete characteristics through artificial intelligence techniques is come out to be an effective way in the construction sector in terms of time and cost conservation. The manufacturing of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) is based on combining numerous ingredients, resulting in a very complex composite in fresh and hardened form. The more ingredients, along with more possible combinations, properties and relative mix proportioning, results in difficult prediction of UHPC behavior. The main aim of this research is the development of Machine Learning (ML) models to predict UHPC flowability and compressive strength. Accordingly, sophisticated and effective artificial intelligence approaches are employed in the current study. For this purpose, an individual ML model named Decision Tree (DT) and ensembled ML algorithms called Bootstrap Aggregating (BA) and Gradient Boosting (GB) are applied. Statistical analyses like; Determination Coefficient (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are also employed to evaluate algorithms’ performance. It is concluded that the GB approach appropriately forecasts the UHPC flowability and compressive strength. The higher R2 value, i.e., 0.94 and 0.95 for compressive and flowability, respectively, of the DT technique and lesser error values, have higher precision than other considered algorithms with lower R2 values. SHAP analysis reveals that limestone powder content and curing time have the highest SHAP values for UHPC flowability and compressive strength, respectively. The outcomes of this research study would benefit the scholars of the construction industry to quickly and effectively determine the flowability and compressive strength of UHPC.
Entropy-based financial asset pricing: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Wang Sheng , Khan Sher Ali , Munir Mubbasher , Alhajj Reda , Khan Yousaf Ali
Published: December 2022

Entropy is an alternative measure to calculate the risk, simplify the portfolios and equity risk premium. It has higher explanatory power than capital asset price model (CAPM) beta. The comparison of Entropy and CAPM beta provide in depth analysis about the explanatory power of the model that in turn help investor to make right investment decisions that minimizes risk. In this context, this study aims to compare Shannon and Rennyi Entropies with the CAPM beta for measuring the risk. Ordinary Least square approach has been utilized using a dataset of 67 enterprises registered in Pakistan Stock exchange. The comparative analysis of CAPM beta and entropy has been carried out with the R2 parameters. The result indicates that entropy has more explanatory power as compare to CAPM beta’s explanatory power, and this turns out to be the best option to evaluate the risk performances. The result implies that an investor should make the best investment decision by choosing an enterprise that provide with good returns at minimum risk based on entropy technique.
The single pregnancy predicting model of 1 minute Apgar score less than 7 after preterm birth: A retrospective study
Authors: Lin Xi-Shi , Peng Xin-Yun , Yang Meng-Meng , Ning Lin-li , Shao Yu-Wei , Jiang Ying , Feng Su-Wen , Luo Qiong
Published: December 2022

Preterm delivery is greatly associated with perinatal mortality and morbidity, while there is no objective way to identify high-risk newborns currently. This study aimed at discovering the risk factor for Apgar score less than 7 at 1 minute of preterm neonates born with vaginal delivery. A retrospective study was performed in single pregnancy women with a vaginal delivery before 37 weeks of gestation. All the preterm infants were categorized into three types: very preterm birth (28 to 32 weeks), moderate preterm birth (32 to 34 weeks) and late preterm birth (34 to 37 weeks). Risk factors were identified through logistic regression analysis in every category of newborns mentioned above. And the receiver operating characteristic analysis was used in continuous variables to determine the best threshold of the outcome. On the basis of the selected factors, the predicting models are created and its prognosticating ability is compared by the area under the curve. A nomogram was established for the proved best model. A total of 981 cases were investigated, of whom 55 were found with 1 min Apgar scores less than 7. The nomogram was set for the predicting model with larger area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, of which is 0.742(95% confidence interval = 0.670–0.805) in very preterm birth, with the variables of first and second labor stage(> = 1.6 hours), birthweight and MgSO4(magnesium sulfate), and is 0.807(95% confidence interval = 0.776–0.837) in late preterm birth, with the variables of second labor stage(> = 1.23 hours), birthweight, a history of previous cesarean delivery, fetal distress and placental abruption. The combination of first and second labor stage, newborn weight and MgSO4 use can predict 74.2% of 1 minute Apgar score < 7 in very preterm neonates. And 80.7% high-risk infants can be identified when second labor stage, newborn weight, VBAC (vaginal birth after cesarean) and the occur of placental abruption and fetal distress were combined in the predicting model for late preterm birth. These predicting models would bring out great assistance towards obstetricians and reduce unnecessary adverse fetal outcomes.
Risk of violence from a current or former partner: Associated factors and classification in a nationwide study in Colombia
Authors: Camargo Freile Isaac Esteban , Flórez Lozano Karen Cecilia , Sarmiento Crespo Carlos Alberto , Vecchio Camargo Carolina Mercedes , Rodríguez Acosta Sandra Milena , Florez-Garcia Victor , Navarro Lechuga Edgar
Published: December 2022

Intimate partner violence (IPV) includes assaults that risk a woman’s bodily integrity. Intimate partners commit IPV, people with whom the victim shares (or shared) a close personal or sexual relationship. This phenomenon has a great global and national impact. Thus, it is necessary to establish trends of the risk of physical violence to women by their current or former partner in each department of Colombia and its relationship with sociodemographic and health characteristics. This study uses an ecological approach at the departmental level, with victims of intimate partner violence treated at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences (INMLyCF). Potential factors were identified through Bayesian factor analysis and were included in the model to estimate risk. The findings show that the Casanare department had the highest risk of producing victims (SMR: 2.545). In departments where the educational level of women is at or below primary school, there is a high-risk β = 0.343 (0.285, 0.397) of them being assaulted. For the departments in which the employment of women is in sales and services or office workers, the associated factor presents a higher risk β = 0.361 (0.201, 0.485), as in the risk related to affiliation with the social security system β = 0.338 (0.246, 0.498), as well as sexual and reproductive life β = 0.143 (0.003, 0.322). The following categories were associated with physical gender violence: no education and low participation in making purchases at home β = 0.106 (0.049, 0.199), low participation in decisions about their health, and visits to family and friends β = 0.240 (0.170, 0.299). Therefore, public health programs should strengthen women’s empowerment in household decisions and increase their educational level to reduce this incidence.
Pilot safety evaluation of doxorubicin chemotherapy combined with non-specific immunotherapy (Immunocidin®) for canine splenic hemangiosarcoma
Authors: Musser Margaret L. , Coto Giovanna M. , Lingnan Yuan , Mochel Jonathan P. , Johannes Chad M.
Published: December 2022

Canine splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive tumor with a short overall survival time (OST) despite treatment with splenectomy and adjuvant doxorubicin. Modulation of the immune system has been shown to be effective for a variety of human tumors, and may be effective for canine tumors, including HSA. Immunocidin® is a non-specific immunotherapy based on a mycobacterial cell wall fraction. Preliminary work suggests Immunocidin® is safe to give intravenously (IV) in tumor-bearing dogs. This work aimed to evaluate the safety of doxorubicin and Immunocidin® combination in dogs with naturally occurring splenic HSA. A secondary aim of this study was to collect preliminary efficacy data to support a subsequent comprehensive, prospective clinical trial in canine patients with HSA, if the combination of doxorubicin and Immunocidin® was found to be safe. Eighteen dogs with stage II-III splenic HSA were recruited to receive 5 doses of sequential IV doxorubicin and Immunocidin® at two-week intervals following splenectomy. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group v1.1 (VCOG) scheme. Overall survival time was calculated from the date of splenectomy to date of death or loss to follow-up. AEs during administration were infrequent, the most common being hypertension. One patient developed limb and facial twitching and was removed from the study. After infusion, common AEs included lethargy, hyporexia, and diarrhea. One patient developed VCOG grade 5 diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. Modifications in the treatment regimen were made to prevent these signs in subsequent patients. The median OST in dogs treated with the combination therapy was estimated at 147 days (range: 39–668 days). Although generally safe, the combination of doxorubicin and Immunocidin® appeared to cause more gastrointestinal effects than doxorubicin alone, and no apparent improvement in OST was noted in this population of dogs.
Responsible design thinking: Informing future models of cross-disciplinary design education
Authors: Fridman Ilya , Meron Yaron , Roberts Julie
Published: December 2022

This article provides a critical commentary of Design Thinking education and proposes a new model for incorporating responsibility within these teaching and learning practices. The need for this approach becomes more urgent as Design Thinking is increasingly integrated across disciplinary boundaries into business schools where it is seen as a pathway to commercial innovation that ultimately impacts society. Within this article, Responsible Design literature is reviewed to identify principles and practices that can inform Design Thinking education, bringing critical depth, as well as social and environmental impact into its broader ambit. It is argued that principles of social responsibility, environmental sustainability, ethics, critical thinking and accountability can be combined with feasibility, viability and desirability to create a new model for Responsible Design Thinking education. Based on these principles, three different conceptualizations are presented to indicate how Responsible Design Thinking may be applied in teaching practice. This model is proposed with the intention of supporting educators who are seeking to introduce Responsible Design Thinking into their teaching practice, as well as provoking discussion about the current and future state of Design Thinking education.
El sistema de meskat en la cuenca del río Hammam (Sousse, Túnez): un ejemplo de gestión del agua como recurso y riesgo
Authors: Fansa Saleh Ghaleb , Pérez Cueva Alejandro J.
Published: December 2022

El meskat es un sistema de cosecha de agua (water harvesting) muy extendido en la región del Sahel de Túnez. Como otros sistemas de zonas semiáridas, busca incrementar la cantidad de agua disponible para los cultivos, mediante sectores de producción de escorrentía (impluvium) y sectores de distribución del agua para riego esporádico (mankaa). Pero, a menudo, en un ambiente mediterráneo las precipitaciones presentan un carácter torrencial: son a la vez un recurso hídrico y un riesgo de erosión. Por ello, estos sistemas tienen que adaptarse a las condiciones climáticas, topográficas y litológicas locales. En el caso del meskat son diseños “a medida”, con un frágil equilibrio entre el máximo aprovechamiento del recurso hídrico y el mínimo riesgo de erosión.Este trabajo se aborda mediante técnicas de análisis espacial con SIG, una contextualización ambiental, sobre todo geomórfica, y una cuantificación de sus características topográficas básicas (altitudes, desniveles y pendientes). Para ello se ha realizado una cartografía detallada de sistemas, y una cuantificación topográfica y de usos del suelo a partir de un muestreo aleatorio de puntos. Con ello, se ha cuantificado el grado de presencia y la ratio producción/riego. Se pretende reconocer la existencia de tipologías de diseños y sus características más relevantes.Se trata de sistemas con soluciones adaptadas al medio, con una amplia variabilidad, pero con tipologías reconocibles, básicamente sistemas ubicados en vaguada y en glacis. A la vez, es un tipo de sistema con una rápida y reciente transformación, tanto de los propios usos del suelo como de los mismos cultivos.
Reflejos de la tradición textual latina de la Pro Marcello ciceroniana en la traducción castellana atribuida a Alfonso de Cartagena
Authors: Espluga Xavier
Published: December 2022

Se estudian los añadidos y las omisiones de la traducción latina de la Pro Marcello ciceroniana atribuida a Alfonso de Cartagena y se reconstruyen algunas variantes textuales que debía de presentar el modelo latino empleado por el traductor, relacionándolos con la tradición manuscrita del texto latino.
Sobre el lèxic de la traducció catalana medieval del Commentarium in septem psalmos poenitentiales
Authors: Martí Sadurní
Published: December 2022

Entre 1382 i 1409, el frare dominicà Joan Romeu va traduir el Commentarium in septem psalmos poenitentiales d’Innocenci III, per encàrrec del mestre de l’Orde de Montesa Berenguer March. La versió té una gran qualitat, tot i les dificultats del text d’Innocenci. Per donar context a la traducció, en aquest article s’analitzen la vida i l’obra d’Innocenci III, la biografia i el perfil intel·lectual de Joan Romeu i la biografia i l’entorn familiar de Berenguer March. La traducció, que es conserva en manuscrit únic a la Biblioteca de la Universitat de Barcelona (ms. 70), presenta usos lingüístics particulars. A banda d’una gran quantitat de doblets sinonímic i diverses glosses que el traductor incorpora al text, empra també una quantitat important de lèxic poc documentat, que s’estudia en aquest article. En alguns casos es tracta simplement d’adaptacions o calcs del llatí, però en altres casos, l’ús de determinades paraules inusuals retrotrau notablement les datacions dels repertoris.
Sabers de dones, sabers per a les dones. De l’oralitat a l’escriptura: La Tròtula en català i les Flors del tresor de beutat
Authors: Sabaté Glòria , Soriano Robles Lourdes
Published: December 2022

En aquest article les autores repassen les característiques dels textos mèdics dirigits a la cura del cos de la dona transmesos en tres compilacions mèdiques de caràcter pràctic i vinculats a l’exercici de la medicina en ambients extraacadèmics: la Tròtula de mestre Joan (BNE MSS/3356), el Tresor de beutat (UB CRAI Reserva ms. 68) i les Flors del tresor o Flos de veritat (BNC Ms. 864). Entre els folis d’aquestes miscel·lànies complexes farcides de diversos textos, alguns d’higienicopràctics per a la cura de persones i animals i d’altres útils per a un regiment domèstic adequat, es dilueix la veu d’una autoritat femenina que transmetia oralment els remeis higiènics i curatius de dona a dona. S’editen les vuit receptes que hom copià aprofitant folis en blanc del manuscrit 864 en el segle XVI.
Quan somiar la personada estimada fa més infeliç en despertar: Homer, Ovidi i Ausiàs March
Authors: Torró Jaume
Published: December 2022

Aquest treball repassa el motiu literari universal del somni enganyós com a expressió del dolor de l’absència i de l’exili en Homer, Ovidi i Ausiàs March. Si somiar l’amada absent o els amics i la llar llunyans és un somni dolç, el dolor pot convertir-lo en un somni amarg, agusar la tristesa i convertir el consol en desconsol. Aquests elements també han fet el motiu apte per a la carta consolatòria, de manera que Pere Torroella cita el poema 1 d’Ausiàs March en la lletra consolatòria a María López de Biu.
The influence of Covid-19 Pandemic and Climate Change on Water Use and Supply: Experience of Istanbul, Turkiye
Authors: Yilmaz Ferhat , Osborn Dan , Tsamados Michel
Published: December 2022

The Covid-19 Pandemic affects not only populations around the world but also the environment and natural resources. Lockdowns and restricted new lifestyles have had wide-ranging impacts on the environment (e.g., air quality in cities). Although hygiene and disinfection procedures and precautions are effective ways to protect people from Covid-19, they have significant consequences for water usage and resources especially given the increasing impacts of climate change on rainfall patterns, water use and resources. Climate change and public health issues may compound one another, and so we used a DPSIR Framework (no previous use to examine the actual and potential impacts of Covid-19 and climate change on water consumption and resources) to scope the main factors that may interact to affect water use and resources (in the form of reservoirs) using evidence from Istanbul, Turkiye, with some discussion of the comparative situation in elsewhere. We modified initial views on the framework to account for the regional, city and community level experiences. We noted that water consumption in Istanbul has been increasing over the last two decades (except, it appears, in times of very low rainfall/drought); that there were increases in water consumption in the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic; and, despite some increase in rainfall, water levels in reservoirs appeared to decrease during lockdowns (for a range of reasons). Through a new simple way of visualising the data, we also noted that a low resource capacity might be recurring every 6 or 7 years in Istanbul (same finding from Thames Reservoir in London). We made no attempt in this paper to quantify the relative contribution that climate change, population growth etc. are making to water consumption and reservoir levels as we were focused here on scoping those social, environmental and economic factors that appear to play a role in potential water stress and on developing a DPSIR Framework that could aid both subsequent quantitative studies and the development of policy and adaptive management options for Istanbul and other large complex conurbations. If there are periodic water resource issues and temperatures rise as expected in climate projections with an accompanying increase in the duration of hot spells, the subsequent additional stress on water systems might make managing future public health emergencies, such as a pandemic, even more difficult.
Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Prakarya di MTs Negeri 2 Gunungkidul
Authors: Indrayanti Yeny
Published: December 2022

This research aims to improve students' learning outcomes in pre-work subjects of vegetable food processing by applying demonstration methods. The subject of this study is students of grade VII-B MTs Negeri 2 Gunungkidul year 2019/2020. The study used a class action method, carried out in two cycles. The results showed an increase in student learning outcomes in each cycle. Students' study results in cycle I averaged 67 with a complete 60%. In cycle II there was an increase in learning outcomes with an average score of 78 with a completeness of 80%. This research shows that the application of demonstration methods can improve the learning outcomes of students at MTs Negeri 2 Gunungkidul.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika dengan Menggunakan Metode Subtraction Plus One di MIN 6 Gunungkidul
Authors: Musiran
Published: December 2022

This research aims to improve students' learning outcomes in Math subjects using subtraction plus one method. This research uses class action research methods including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection activities. The study subjects are grade III-A MIN 6 Gunungkidul students in the 2019/2020 school year. Data is taken through observations, documentation, and tests. The results of the analysis showed an increase in each cycle. In cycle II, students scored above KKM as many as 19 students or about 83.6% with an average score of 83.6. Subtraction Plus One method can improve the math learning results of students in grade III-A MIN 6 Gunungkidul.