bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Nurses on Prevention of Nosocomial Infections in post-stroke Patients
Authors: Sternal Danuta , Franek Grażyna , Pieńkus Dorota
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Nosocomial infections are associated with daily functioning of a hospital and constitute one of major medical issues. The role and duty of the nurse is to prevent hospital infections in every hospitalized patient, especially in post-stroke patients. Only nursing staff that is educated and aware of their actions is able to minimize the risk of infection and thus reduce the suffering of the patient.Aim. The purpose of the paper was to assess, quantitatively, nurses’ knowledge about nosocomial infections and the procedures used most often in post-stroke patients.Material and Methods. The research was conducted in a group of 80 nurses working in randomly selected stroke and neurological units in the territory of Silesia province. The research used diagnostic poll method and research tool was a questionnaire developed based on the literature.Results. Analysis of the research material allowed concluding that investigated nurses have insufficient knowledge about the prevention of nosocomial infections and the procedures used most often in post-stroke patients. Knowledge of the surveyed nurses depends on education, age and seniority.Conclusions. The results of our tests are not satisfactory and allowed to formulate following conclusions:1. The nurses surveyed have insufficient knowledge on how to prevent nosocomial infections. Nurses do not know sufficiently basic procedures used at neurological wards, such as degumming the patient’s airway and also bladder catheterization.2. Self-assessment of nurses’ knowledge is much higher than proved in the study performed.3. The knowledge of the nurses surveyed depends mainly on age, seniority and education. The research showed that nurses with shorter seniority and younger have broader knowledge regarding prevention of nosocomial infections, they more often know the definition of nosocomial infection and more frequently use protective clothes and apply the procedure of washing hands than their older colleagues do. (JNNN 2014;3(2):58–63)
The use of Repty Functional Index and Oswestry Disability Questionnaire for the Functional Evaluation of the Patients Treated Surgically Because of Intervertebral Disc Damage
Authors: Jabłońska Renata , Królikowska Agnieszka , Ślusarz Robert
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Complex image of the patients with spine discopathy makes it difficult to evaluate objectively and unequivocally the treatment effects. An analysis of functional condition, frequently used as an objective method of therapeutic proceedings efficiency is an integral part of this evaluation.Aim. The aim of the work is to evaluate the condition of patients after neurosurgical treatment of disc herniation with the usage of Reply Functional Index (RFI) and Oswestry Questionnaire (ODINDI).Material and Methods. Evaluations relied on triple estimation; before operation (first assessment), on the day of discharge from hospital (second assessment) and 6 months after the surgery (third assessment). For the first and second assessment 188 patients were evaluated and in the third one 140. Oswestry Questionnaire (ODI/NDI) and Repty Functional Index (RFI) were applied.Results. The evaluation of the functional efficiency according to RFI proved that the majority of the patient could be qualified to group IV, which shows that the patients are self-reliant. While evaluating the patients according to ODI/NDI it was noticed that in particular assessments the number of people who are slightly disabled increased — an increase by 6.4% compared with evaluation 1 and then by another 41.3%.Conclusions. The functional efficiency of the researched patients improved significantly, what was observed using ODI/NDI questionnaire. The correlation between ODI/NDI and RFI scales in the functional evaluation of the patients surgically treated because of discopathy is low. (JNNN 2014;3(2):64–74)
Difficulties Related to the Communication with the Patient with Aphasia According to the Nursing Staff
Authors: Cheba Małgorzata , Żuralska Regina , Skrzypek-Czerko Marcelina
Published: July 2014

Introduction. Sudden onset of aphasia due to stroke deprives man of communication with the environment, as well as eliminates of family, social and professional life. Difficulties in communication with patients with aphasia are important issues in ensuring the proper care and improve the quality of patients’ life. Therefore, it is important to have the nursing staff knowledge and skills in communication with a patient with aphasia.Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the difficulty of communication with a patient with aphasia, to determine the possibility of communication and the factors contributing to the improvement of the situation of the patient in the opinion of the nursing staff.Material and Methods. The survey was conducted among 100 nurses working on the neurological wards in six specialized hospitals in the Pomerania region, between August 2012 to August 2013. Research material was collected by the author’s questionnaire.Results. Statistical analysis revealed that age, education and work experience of nurses are related to owned by nurses the knowledge and skills to overcome communication difficulties.Conclusion. Better educated nurses with long work experience, often declare their readiness to therapeutic cooperate with patient with aphasia. Most respondents indicated that no therapeutic action by nurses result of external causes that relate to exess duties. (JNNN 2014;3(2):75–80)
Management of Constipation in Neurosurgery Patients
Authors: Turan Nuray , Kaya Hatice
Published: July 2014

Constipation is a common complication in patients treated in neurosurgery clinics and it is an important problem. Neurosurgery nurse has an important role in assessment and prevention, of the disease. Constipation can be prevented in neurosurgery patients, with effective constipation diagnosis and side effects resulting from unnecessary use of drugs can be minimized. Within this framework, the nurse diagnoses the excretion habits, listens to the abdominal sounds of the patient, palpates the abdomen for distention and uses reliable and safe diagnosis tools. With the most important nursing interventions to prevent constipation, one can include the increase the intake of liquids in patients, making them do exercise and increasing their mobility as well as their intake of fibers and applying necessary pharmacological methods compliant with the recommendations from the physician. In patients with neurosurgery, constipation is a problem which can be prevented by using extensive nursing assessment and effective nursing interventions. This compilation aims at highlighting the fact that constipation is a serious symptom especially in neurosurgery patients and also at revealing the importance of nursing assessment. (JNNN 2014;3(2):81–87)
Evaluation of Patients with Dysfunction of the Extra-Pyramidal System — Selection of Measuring Tools in Neurogeriatria
Authors: Biercewicz Monika , Haor Beata , Głowacka Mariola , Fidecki Wiesław , Wysokiński Mariusz , Antczak Anna , Podhorecka Marta
Published: July 2014

The group of diseases with extra-pyramidal disorders includes inter alia Parkinson’s disease. It is one of the most common progressive, degenerative diseases of the central nervous system occurring in mature and older people. First symptoms of the disease occur in most cases after fifty years of age. The disease is generated by the loss of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra manifested clinically in the mobility slowdown, muscle rigidity and tremor at rest. The clinical use of various measuring tools (scales, indexes, indicators, tests, etc.) for the diagnosis of patients with dysfunction of the extra-pyramidal system has been increasingly applied. Based on the literature there were discussed scales most commonly used in the assessment of patients with dysfunction of the extra-pyramidal system including mainly those with Parkinson’s disease. There were presented data regarding such measuring scales as: Hoehn and Yahra’s (HY Scale), Webster’s (Webster Rating Scale — WRS), Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Northwestern University scale (Northwestern University Disability Scale — NUDS), Columbia University scale (Columbia University Rating Scale — CURS), Schwab and England’s independence scale (Schwab and England ADL Scale — S-E ADL), the short scale of Parkinson’s disease evaluation (Short Parkinson’s Evaluation Scale — SPES), the scale of daily activities in Parkinson’s disease (Parkinson’s Disease Activities of Daily Living Scale — PDADL) as well as life quality scales, including the PDQL (Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire) and PDQ-39 (Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire). (JNNN 2014;3(2):88–92)
Pediatric gynecological operations based on 40 years’ experiences
Authors: Borsos Antal
Published: July 2014

The author analyzes more than 40 years of his own experience concerning the outcome of pediatric gynecology patients who underwent surgery in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Debrecen University in Hungary. Traditional surgical interventions were performed, and, some new methods elaborated by the author. The age of patients who underwent surgery ranged from infancy to 18 years. The objective of this publication is to describe general principles to support the work of those who are currently active in this area or have chosen the area for their future activity. Types of surgical interventions, conditions of proper management and insitutional background, together with requirements of qualified personnel and diagnostic performance are analyzed. Possible sources of errors and their prevention are pointed out. Different procedures are discussed in separate groups. The author’s own procedure modifications based on the original procedure elaborated by Vecchietti for treatment of vaginal aplasia are described. Concluding from results of more than 60 successful modified Vecchietti procedures the author recommends his own procedure. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(29), 1132–1139.
Obstetrical aspects of perioperative medicine
Authors: Hupuczi Petronella , Gál János
Published: July 2014

Recently the most frequently applied surgical procedure worldwide has been Cesarean section. It is essential to perform the operation without any complication. In addition, a fast postoperative recovery must be provided, because all mothers must have the chance for being together with their newborn infant even on the first day. The maternal mortality rates of Cesarean section significantly decreased in the last decades due to the planned team work as well as the widely applied regional (spinal and epidural) anesthetic procedures. Apart from the obstetrician and neonatologist the anesthesiologist is the member of the perinatal team, too, who is responsible for the patient’s perioperative care. To prevent complications and have an early successful treatment the anesthesiologist should be informed by the pregnant woman’ s health status in time in order to be able to plan the perioperative management. The high-risk groups of pregnant women, the most common causes of maternal death and possibilities of prevention and treatment are discussed. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(29), 1147–1151.
Changing trends and indications for cesarean section in the last few decades
Authors: Nagy Sándor
Published: July 2014

Cesarean section rates are increasing worldwide, which has been paralelled by an increase in primary cesarean delivery and decrease in vaginal birth after cesarean section. Behind the different frequencies there is a number of interrelated factors including advanced maternal age, increasing incidence of obesity, assisted reproductive technologies, and maternal request for non-medical reasons. The sub-optimal management of labor and the concerns about medical liability claims and litigations increase the number of abdominal deliveries. The author reviews the changing indications for cesarean deliveries in the last few decades and summarizes the effects on the obstetrical clinical practice. Orv. Hetil., 155(29), 1140–1146.
Prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal sepsis in Hungary in 2012. Preliminary data of a nation-wide survey
Authors: Sziller István , Szabó Miklós , Valek Andrea , Rigó Barbara , Ács Nándor
Published: July 2014

Introduction: At present, there is no obligatory guideline for the prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease in Hungary. Aim: The aim of the present study was to gain insight into the spontaneously developed preventive strategy of the domestic obstetric divisions and departments in Hungary. Method: Standardized questionnaire was sent out to each of the 71 obstetric divisions and departments in Hungary. Results: Overall, 20 (27.4%) of the chairpersons replied, and thus, 39.9% of the total number of live births in Hungary were included in the study. Despite missing public health guidelines, each of the divisions and departments developed their own strategy to prevent neonatal group B streptococcal disease. In 95% of cases, bacterial culture of the lower vagina was the method of identifying pregnant women at risk. In 5% of the cases intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis was based on risk assessment only. Of the departments using culture-based prophylaxis, 58% departments sampled women after completion of 36th gestational weeks. Antibiotic of choice was penicillin or ampicillin in 100% of cases. Of the study participants, 80% reported on multiple administration of colonized pregnant women after onset of labor or rupture of the membranes. Conclusions: The authors concluded that the rate of participation in the study was low. However, prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infection is a priority of obstetric care in Hungary. Lack of a nation-wide public health policy did not prevent obstetric institutions in this country to develop their own prevention strategy. In the majority of cases and institutions, the policy is consistent with the widely accepted international standards. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(29), 1167–1172.
Early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Belics Zoran , Gérecz Balázs , Csákány M. György
Published: July 2014

Ectopic pregnancy is a high-risk condition that occurs in 2% of reported pregnancies. This percentage is fivefold higher than that registered in the 1970s. Since 1970 there has been a two-fold increase in the ratio of ectopic pregnancies to all reported pregnancies in Hungary and in 2012 7.4 ectopic pregnancies per thousand registered pregnancies were reported. Recently, the majority (80%) of cases can be diagnosed in early stage, and the related mortality objectively decreased in the past few decades to 3.8/10,000 ectopic pregnancies. If a woman with positive pregnancy test has abdominal pain and/or vaginal bleeding the physician should perform a work-up to safely exclude the possibility of ectopic pregnancy. The basis of diagnosis is ultrasonography, especially vaginal ultrasound examination and measurement of the β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin. The ultrasound diagnosis is based on the visualization of an ectopic mass rather than the inability to visualize an intrauterine pregnancy. In some questionable cases the diagnostic uterine curettage or laparoscopy may be useful. The actuality of this topic is justified by practical difficulties in obtaining correct diagnosis, especially in the early gestational time. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(29), 1158–1166.
Indications and methods of hysterectomy
Authors: Németh Gábor
Published: July 2014

Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed gynecological operations. The most common indications for hysterectomy are symptomatic uterine fibroids, endometriosis, and uterine and pelvic organ prolapse. The procedure can be performed by vaginally or abdominally and with laparoscopic assistance. Choosing the perfect method the gynecologist should take into consideration how the procedure can be performed most safely to fulfill the needs of the patient. In the last few years the number of the laparoscopic procedures has been increasing. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(29), 1152–1157.
Electrical properties of boron doped CVD diamond after plasma cleaning probed by capacitance-voltage profiling
Authors: Araujo Luana S. , Berengue Olivia , Baldan Maurício , Ferreira Neidenei , Moro João , Chiquito Adenilson
Published: July 2014

Doped diamond films grown by chemical vapor techniques has been used to study hydrogen and oxygen terminated diamond. It is known that the electrical characteristics of metal-diamond interface are strongly affected by the diamond surface features. O2 plasma treatment was used as a cleaning procedure for as grown diamond samples leading to changes in the capacitance measurements after treatment. The alteration in the characteristics of the samples can be attributed to the surface adsorbates like hydrogen and water vapor present in the atmosphere. The results indicates that the O2 plasma treatment was effective in cleaning the surface revealing the expected features of a p-type diamond film.
Prospects and Health Promoting Effects of Brown Algal-derived Natural Pigments
Authors: Pangestuti Ratih , Wibowo Singgih
Published: July 2014

Recently, a great deal of interest has been developed to isolate novel bioactive compounds from marine resources. Among marine resources, marine brown algae are considered valuable sources of structurally diverse bioactive compounds such as chlorophylls and carotenoids. Chlorophyll has been known for its antioxidant activity; meanwhile carotenoid is well known for its anticancer and anti-obesity properties. Therefore, marine brown algal-derived natural pigments have great potential for further development of valuable products in nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical areas. This contribution presents an overview of potential health benefits properties, and prospects of natural pigments derived from marine brown algae. Keywords: Marine algae, natural pigments, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical.
The Quality of Alkali Treated Cottonii (ATC) Made from Eucheuma cottonii Collected from Different Regions In Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan Muhamad , Bandol Utomo Bagus Sediadi , Yuda Mulia Raekal Amral
Published: July 2014

The presented study has been carried out in order to study the quality of Alkali Treated Cottonii (ATC) made from Eucheuma cottonii which being collected from different regions in Indonesia (Belitung, Nusa Tenggara Barat and Lampung). The quality variables analyzed were the characteristics of raw materials (Clean anhydrous weed and impurities) and the characteristics of ATC produced (moisture content, ash content, acid insoluble ash content, yield, gel strength, sulphate content, gelling -melting point). The analysis was done in 3 replicates and the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 15 package software. Results indicated that the raw material from Lampung had a better quality than those from Nusa Tenggara Barat and Belitung. In addition, the characteristics of ATC produced from these three raw materials showed that seaweed from Lampung produced better quality ATC than those from Nusa Tenggara Barat and Belitung in terms of their gel strength, sulphate content and yield.
Alginate Lyases: Sources, Mechanism of Activity and Potencial Application
Authors: Subaryono Subaryono , Peranginangin Rosmawaty , Suhartono Maggy Thenawidjaja , Zakaria Fransiska Rungkat
Published: July 2014

Alginate lyases are group of enzymes which catalyze depolymerization of alginate into oligosaccharides. Alginate lyase have been widely used in many applications such as in production of bioactive oligosaccharides, control of polysaccharide rheological properties, and polysaccharide structure analysis. The products of alginate lyase, polysaccharide structure analysis, alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) have many biological activities including act as prebiotics, immune modulator, anticoagulation, antioxidant, anticancer, growth promoting activities, promote production of antibiotics and ethanol. In relation to the importance of alginate lyases, their potential aplications and prospect in development of new bioactive products, we present review of the enzymes, sources, mechanism of activity and potential applications. This paper also discussed some new biological engineering in alginate lyase production.
Acid-base balance of dairy cows and its relationship with alcoholic stability and mineral composition of milk
Authors: Fagnani Rafael , Beloti Vanerli , Battaglini Ana Paula P.
Published: July 2014

This study aimed to associate the occurrence of acid-base disorders with the alcoholic stability of milk from animals in the field, and to evaluate differences between the mineral composition of milk that was both stable and unstable in alcohol. The sample comprised 96 dairy cows, where the milk and blood of each corresponding animal was collected. The mineral composition of stable and unstable milk in alcohol was different and may be related to acid-base disturbances. The average amount of phosphate was lower in the milk that was unstable in alcohol, while potassium was greater. Frequency of the alcoholically unstable milk cases was higher in the cows with acid-base disturbances. Respiratory alkalosis was the disorder that was most observed.
Ascophyllum nodosum in the diet of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its effect after inoculation of Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Oliveira Samira T.L. , Veneroni-Gouveia Gisele , Santos Augusto C. , Sousa Silia M.N. , Veiga Marcelo L. , Krewer Cristina C. , Costa Mateus M.
Published: July 2014

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Ascophyllum nodosum brown seaweed meal (FAM) on the health of Nile tilapia submitted to inoculation with Aeromonas hydrophila. The experiment was conducted for a period of 40 days using 120 Nile tilapia fingerlings, with age of 40 days, distributed in 20 tanks. A diet including Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed meal at 20g.kg-1 and a control diet (without FAM) were provided which constituted the treatments. Thirty days after beginning the experiment, A. hydrophila was inoculated by bacterial inoculum diluted in sterile saline solution at a concentration of 10(6) CFU ml-1. Except for the width, which was greater for the treatment with the provision of FAM (P<0.05), there was no influence on the performance parameters of the fingerlings, but the occurrence of lesions in animals inoculated with A. hydrophila and fed with FAM was lower and they also exhibited a decline in the lesions in a shorter period of time than the control group. FAM prevents hepatopancreatic congestion in infected animals. Ascophyllum nodosum brown seaweed meal reduced the number of lesions in fish in a shorter time when compared to the control group.
Fontes de óleo na dieta e sua influência no desempenho e na imunidade de frangos de corte
Authors: Pinto Marcos F. , Lima Valéria M.F. , Ribeiro Sheila C. , Bossolani Iderlipes L.C. , Ponsano Elisa H.G. , Garcia-Neto Manoel
Published: July 2014

A composição de ácidos graxos da dieta pode influenciar o desempenho produtivo e o sistema imune de frangos de corte. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do consumo de óleos ricos em ácidos graxos poli-insaturados ômega-6 (PUFAs n-6) e ômega-3 (PUFAs n-3) sobre o desempenho e a resposta imunológica de frangos de corte frente a um desafio antigênico. Foram comparadas dietas formuladas com 7% de óleo de soja (OS), linhaça (OL) ou sardinha (OP), fornecidas a 240 frangos da linhagem Cobb, divididos em 24 grupos de 10 aves cada, num arranjo experimental 3x2 (3 tipos de óleo e aves vacinadas ou não vacinadas) e 4 repetições. O óleo de soja é rico em ácido linoleico, um PUFA n-6, o óleo de linhaça é fonte de ácido alfa-linolênico, um PUFA n-3, e o óleo de sardinha, de outros PUFAs n-3, como os ácidos eicosapentaenoico e docosahexaenoico. O consumo de ração, o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar foram avaliados aos 21, 35 e 42 dias. Aos 7 e aos 21 dias de idade, metade das aves recebeu vacina contra doença de Newcastle. Quinze dias após a imunização, avaliou-se a produção de anticorpos pelo método de ELISA, expressa pela densidade óptica a 450 nm (D.O. 450nm). Apenas as aves alimentadas com ração contendo OS apresentaram maior imunidade humoral (P<0,05) após a vacinação. A resposta linfoproliferativa das aves, que expressa a imunidade celular, foi maior entre as aves vacinadas, em comparação às aves não vacinadas (P<0,05), independentemente do óleo utilizado. A fonte de óleo da ração ou a vacinação não influenciaram o ganho de peso das aves (P>0,05). Entre as aves que receberam dieta com OS, as aves vacinadas apresentaram pior conversão alimentar (P<0,05). Nos grupos que consumiram ração com OL ou OP, a vacinação não influenciou a conversão alimentar (P>0,05), considerando todo o período experimental. A utilização de óleo rico em PUFA n-6 na dieta de frangos de corte aumentou a resposta humoral, mas não influenciou a resposta celular frente a um desafio antigênico.
Suppurative intracranial processes in 15 domestic ruminants
Authors: Câmara Antônio Carlos Lopes , Vale André Menezes do , Batista Jael Soares , Feijó Francisco Marlon C. , Soto-Blanco Benito
Published: July 2014

In addition to listeriosis which is relatively common in ruminants, there are three other uncommon suppurative intracranial processes (SIP) identifiable in adult ungulates as brain abscess, basilar empyema and suppurative meningitis. The present paper reports the epidemiological, clinical, laboratorial, pathological and microbiological findings of 15 domestic ruminants with SIP. A total of 15 animals were selected (eight sheep, four cattle and three goats); with the definitive diagnoses of basilar empyema (n=3), brain abscess (n=1), listeriosis (n=5) and suppurative meningitis (n=6). Hematology revealed leukocytosis with inversion of the lymphocyte/ neutrophil ratio in 4 cases. In the majority of animals, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) presented light yellow coloration and cloudy aspect due to neutrophilic pleocytosis (15 - 997 leukocytes/µL). Microbiological culture of CSF or central nervous system (CNS) fragments resulted on isolation of Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes,Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli and Stenotrophomonas sp. In a goat with thalamic abscess, microbiological assay was not performed, but Gram positive bacilli type bacteria were observed in histology. The diagnosis of these outbreaks was based on the association of epidemiological, clinical, pathological and bacteriological findings; reiterating that the infectious component remains an important cause of CNS disease in domestic ruminants and also shows the need for dissemination of information about the most effective preventive measures for the ranchers.
Seneciosis in cattle associated with photosensitization
Authors: Giaretta Paula R. , Panziera Welden , Galiza Glauco J.A. , Brum Juliana S. , Bianchi Ronaldo M. , Hammerschmitt Márcia E. , Bazzi Talissa , Barros Claudio S.L.
Published: July 2014

Senecio spp. poisoning is the main cause of cattle mortality in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. This paper reports an outbreak of seneciosis in cattle with high prevalence of photosensitization, where 83 out of 162 cows (51.3%) presented this clinical sign. The outbreak occurred in September 2013, affecting adult cows that were held in a 205 hectare-pasture from April to October 2013 with abundant Senecio brasiliensis infestation. Main clinical signs were weight loss, excessive lacrimation or mucopurulent ocular discharge, nasal serous discharge, ventral diphteric glossitis, crusts in the nose, teats, dorsum of ears, and vulva. Liver biopsy was performed in all the cows under risk; the histopathological findings in the liver biopsies consisted of fibrosis, megalocytosis, and biliary ductal proliferation and were present in 73.4% of the biopsied animals. Six cows had increased serum activity of gamma glutamyl transferase. Three affected cows were necropsied. The main necropsy findings were a hard liver, distended gall bladder, edema of the mesentery and abomasum. Liver histological changes in the necropsied cows were similar to those of the biopsied livers. Spongiosis was detected in the brain of necropsied cows and is characteristic of hepatic encephalopathy.
Fibrose cardíaca associada à intoxicação por Amorimia septentrionalis em bovinos
Authors: Albuquerque Samuel S.C. , Rocha Brena P. , Almeida Valdir M. , Oliveira Juceli S. , Riet-Correa Franklin , Lee Stephen T. , Evêncio Neto Joaquim , Mendonça Fábio S.
Published: July 2014

Amorimia septentrionalis contém monofluoracetato de sódio e quando consumida por ruminantes provoca morte súbita. Este estudo teve o objetivo de relatar a epidemiologia, os sinais clínicos e patológicos de surtos de morte súbita em bovinos provocadas por Amorimia septentrionalis nos Estados de Pernambuco e Paraíba. Para isso, realizaram-se visitas técnicas em diversas propriedades nas Microrregiões do Médio Capibaribe/PE e Itabaiana/PB. Oito bovinos foram necropsiados. Coletaram-se tecidos das cavidades abdominal e torácica, além do encéfalo e medula espinhal. As alterações clínicas consistiram em lentidão, decúbito esternal prolongado, relutância em se movimentar quando em estação, cansaço, taquipneia, taquicardia e pulso venoso positivo. Os bovinos que foram forçados a se movimentar apresentaram instabilidade, tremores musculares e queda repentina seguida de vocalizações, movimentos de pedalagem e morte súbita em cerca de 5 a 7 minutos. As principais alterações macroscópicas consistiram em edema pulmonar, coração com aspecto globular com áreas esbranquiçadas, petéquias e equimoses no epicárdio, miocárdio e músculos papilares. À microscopia observou-se aumento da eosinofilia do citoplasma dos cardiomiócitos, núcleos picnóticos, cariorrexia, cariólise, perda das estriações, edema intersticial, infiltrado inflamatório intersticial mononuclear e áreas multifocais de fibrose cardíaca. Nos rins, constatou-se degeneração hidrópico vacuolar e necrose das células epiteliais em túbulos contorcidos. Os sinais clínicos foram semelhantes aos sinais clínicos já descritos em bovinos por plantas que contém MFA. As lesões macro e microscópicas descritas no coração e rins são de grande valor diagnóstico. A. septentrionalis é a principal planta tóxica de interesse pecuário nas microrregiões do Médio Capibaribe e Itabaiana devido às perdas econômicas diretas e indiretas que provoca na pecuária dessas regiões.
Intoxicação espontânea e experimental por frutos de Eugenia uvalha Cambess. (Myrtaceae) em ovinos
Authors: Emmerich Tiffany , Borelli Vanessa , Cardoso Thalita C. , Wisser Claudia S. , Wicpolt Nathalia S. , Biff Claudia P. , Traverso Sandra D. , Gava Aldo
Published: July 2014

Descrevem-se os dados epidemiológicos, sinais clínicos e lesões de uma enfermidade de ovinos caracterizada por apatia, sialorréia, ranger de dentes, andar em círculos, cegueira, incoordenação motora, opistótono e convulsões, geralmente seguidos de morte. A doença ocorreu nos meses de fevereiro e março de 2009 a 2013, nas regiões Oeste e Planalto do Estado de Santa Catarina e está associada à queda dos frutos da "uvaieira" (Eugenia uvalha Cambess). Nas propriedades onde ocorreram os surtos havia grande quantidade de frutos caídos ao chão e os ovinos os consumiam avidamente. Os que sobreviveram permaneceram com convulsões intermitentes. Não foram observadas alterações macroscópicas ou histológicas. No entanto, foram encontrados frutos inteiros ou fragmentados, misturados ao conteúdo dos pré-estômagos e intestinos. A doença foi reproduzida a partir do fornecimento de frutos maduros de uvaia à três ovinos, nas doses diárias de 45,45g/kg, 68,18g/kg e 82,35g/kg por até seis dias. A principal forma de diagnóstico de intoxicação por "uvaia" é a observação do quadro clínico e epidemiológico, associado à presença de frutos e sementes no trato gastrointestinal.
Efeitos colaterais do uso da ribavirina, prednisona e DMSO em cães naturalmente infectados pelo vírus da cinomose
Authors: Mangia Simone H. , Moraes Lívia F. , Takahira Regina K. , Motta Rodrigo G. , Franco Marília M.J. , Megid Jane , Silva Aristeu V. , Paes Antonio C.
Published: July 2014

O estudo tem o objetivo de identificar efeitos indesejáveis da ribavirina, prednisona e DMSO em cães naturalmente infectados com o vírus da cinomose. Foram utilizados 60 cães apresentando quadro neurológico da cinomose com evolução de 10 dias. Os animais foram internados e receberam tratamento de suporte; foram avaliados diariamente e realizados hemograma, dosagem bioquímica e exame de urina tipo I. Os grupos 1 e 2 foram tratados com ribavirina e sua associação com DMSO; os grupos 3 e 4 com DMSO e prednisona e o grupos 5 com ribavirina e prednisona e o grupo 6 com ribavirina, prednisona e DMSO. Os animais foram anestesiados para a colheita de líquor, medula óssea e sangue, antes do tratamento para diagnóstico através da RT-PCR. As amostras negativas foram analisadas pela técnica de hn-PCR. Todos os animais apresentaram resultado positivo em pelo menos uma das duas reações. O efeito adverso da ribavirina e a sua associação com a prednisona foi a anemia hemolítica, que foi confirmada pela observação de bilirrubina na urina apenas dos cães tratados com ribavirina.
Avaliação da imunomarcação de células-tronco tumorais em carcinossarcomas mamários e carcinomas em tumores mistos em cadelas
Authors: Magalhães Geórgia M. , Terra Erika M. , Calazans Sabryna G. , Vasconcelos Rosemeri de O. , Alessi Antonio Carlos
Published: July 2014

As células-tronco tumorais (CTTs) pertencem a uma pequena população de células dentro do tumor com propriedades de autorrenovação e diferenciação em outros tipos celulares. Neste estudo avaliou-se o comportamento tanto das porções mesenquimais quanto das epiteliais de seis carcinossarcomas (CSs), 11 carcinomas em tumores mistos (CTMs) grau I, 11 grau II e 10 grau III. Nas porções epiteliais dos CS e CTM foram observadas imunomarcações para os anticorpos CD44, CD24, Oct-4 e ALDH-1. Nas porções mesenquimais dos CS, nas porções epiteliais dos CTMs graus II e III não houve imunomarcação para o ALDH-1. Concluiu-se que as CTTs são expressas em proporções iguais tanto nas porções mesenquimais quanto nas epiteliais dos CSs e ausentes nas porções mesenquimais bem diferenciadas de CTMs.
Levantamento soroepidemiológico para arbovírus em macaco-prego-galego (Cebus flavius) de vida livre no estado da Paraíba e em macaco-prego (Cebus libidinosus) de cativeiro do nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Laroque Plautino O. , Valença-Montenegro Mônica M. , Ferreira Débora R.A. , Chiang Jannifer O. , Cordeiro Marli T. , Vasconcelos Pedro F.C. , Silva Jean C.R.
Published: July 2014

Este estudo descreve a primeira investigação de anticorpos para arbovírus em primatas não humanos do Novo Mundo no nordeste brasileiro. No período de março de 2008 a setembro de 2010 foram colhidos soros sanguíneos de 31 macacos-prego-galegos (Cebus flavius) de vida livre na Paraíba e de 100 macacos-prego (Cebus libidinosus) em cativeiro nos estados de Alagoas, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí e Rio Grande do Norte. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos utilizou-se o teste de inibição da hemaglutinação (IH), usando antígenos de 19 diferentes tipos de arbovírus, pertencentes aos gêneros Flavivirus,Alphavirus e Bunyavirus. As amostras de soro foram testadas nas diluições de 1:20 a 1:1280. Dentre as amostras examinadas, todas as de C. flavius foram negativas e 46% das de C. libidinosus em cativeiro apresentaram anticorpos para arbovírus. Foram detectados anticorpos para nove (9/19) arbovírus. Foram observadas 17 reações heterotípicas, para dois ou mais vírus, do gênero Flavivirus, e 15 para o gênero Alphavirus, com títulos variando de 1:20 a 1:1280. Quinze amostras apresentaram reação monotípica para ILHV (n=4), MAYV (n=6), SLEV (n=1), ROCV (n=2), OROV (n=1) e MUCV (n=1). Estes resultados sugerem que houve intensa circulação de arbovírus na população estudada de macacos-prego em cativeiro.
QT interval in healthy dogs: which method of correcting the QT interval in dogs is appropriate for use in small animal clinics?
Authors: Oliveira Maira S. , Muzzi Ruthnéa A.L. , Muzzi Leonardo A.L. , Cherem Marcos , Mantovani Matheus M.
Published: July 2014

The electrocardiography (ECG) QT interval is influenced by fluctuations in heart rate (HR) what may lead to misinterpretation of its length. Considering that alterations in QT interval length reflect abnormalities of the ventricular repolarisation which predispose to occurrence of arrhythmias, this variable must be properly evaluated. The aim of this work is to determine which method of correcting the QT interval is the most appropriate for dogs regarding different ranges of normal HR (different breeds). Healthy adult dogs (n=130; German Shepherd, Boxer, Pit Bull Terrier, and Poodle) were submitted to ECG examination and QT intervals were determined in triplicates from the bipolar limb II lead and corrected for the effects of HR through the application of three published formulae involving quadratic, cubic or linear regression. The mean corrected QT values (QTc) obtained using the diverse formulae were significantly different (ρ<0.05), while those derived according to the equation QTcV = QT + 0.087(1- RR) were the most consistent (linear regression). QTcV values were strongly correlated (r=0.83) with the QT interval and showed a coefficient of variation of 8.37% and a 95% confidence interval of 0.22-0.23 s. Owing to its simplicity and reliability, the QTcV was considered the most appropriate to be used for the correction of QT interval in dogs.
Distribuição dos brônquios lobares dos pulmões do veado-catingueiro Mazama gouazoubira
Authors: Martins Tracy Martina M. , Pereira Kleber F. , Lima Fabiano Campos , Fontana Cássio Aparecido P. , Santos André L.Q. , Malysz Taís
Published: July 2014

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a lobação do pulmão do veado-catingueiro Mazama gouazoubira. Dois animais da espécie, obtidos post mortem por atropelamento em rodovia, foram utilizados para o estudo, obedecendo aos critérios da Lei Vigente (Lei 1.153/95). Através da dissecação, a pele foi completamente removida e os animais foram fixados em solução de formaldeído a 10%. Através de um acesso ventral, o bloco de vísceras foi removido e posteriormente os pulmões foram dissecados do bloco por uma secção na região torácica da traqueia e de outras estruturas do hilo pulmonar. Os pulmões e a árvore brônquica foram dissecados, fotografados, as imagens foram registradas com câmera fotográfica digital (Câmera Sony a200, 10.2mpx). Os pulmões apresentaram-se unidos pelas estruturas que penetravam a região do hilo pulmonar, o pulmão direito do veado-catingueiro mostrou ser composto pelos lobos cranial (segmento cranial e segmento caudal), médio, caudal e acessório. O pulmão esquerdo apresentou apenas lobo cranial (segmentado em parte cranial e parte caudal) e lobo caudal. A árvore brônquica se inicia emergindo para o pulmão direito um brônquio traqueal acima da bifurcação da traqueia que sequencialmente serão denominados de brônquios principais direito e esquerdo, os quais no nível do hilo pulmonar penetram nos pulmões direito e esquerdo respectivamente. Os pulmões e árvore brônquica de M. gouazoubira apresentaram a mesma descrição anatômica de outros ruminantes, como bubalinos, ovinos e bovinos.
Utilização da vitamina D3 e seus metabólitos na alimentação de frangos de corte sobre parâmetros imunológicos e morfometria intestinal
Authors: Guerra Ana Flávia Q. Garcia , Murakami Alice E. , Santos Tatiana C. , Eyng Cinthia , Picoli Karla P. , Ospina-Rojas Iván C.
Published: July 2014

Os efeitos da suplementação da vitamina D3 e de seus diferentes metabólitos foram avaliados na resposta imune e na morfometria intestinal de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 952 frangos de corte de um dia de idade, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos, sete repetições e 34 aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por quatros diferentes fontes de vitamina D3: colecalciferol (D3), 25-hidroxicolecalciferol (25(OH)D3), 1,25-dihidroxicolecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) e 1α-hidroxicolecalciferol (1α(OH)D3). As diferentes fontes foram incluídas na dieta, fornecendo 2000 e 1600 UI de vitamina D, nas fases pré-inicial, inicial e de crescimento, respectivamente. O peso relativo do intestino delgado diferiu entre os tratamentos aos 7, 21 e 42 dias e o peso relativo do fígado somente aos 42 dias de idade. Os demais órgãos e parâmetros imunológicos avaliados (peso dos órgãos linfóides, reação de hipersensibilidade cutânea basofílica, avaliação da atividade de macrófagos, dosagem de nitrito e perfil heterofilo: linfócito foram similares entre os animais alimentados com os diferentes metabólitos. Houve efeito (P<0,05) dos diferentes metabólitos da vitamina D3 sobre o comprimento dos vilos de jejuno e íleo aos sete dias, diferindo entre os animais alimentados com 1,25(OH)2D3 e 1α(OH)D3 para jejuno e 1,25(OH)2D3 e vitamina D3 para íleo (P<0,05). Para as demais fases não foi observado influência (P>0,05) dos tratamentos. Os parâmetros imunológicos não foram afetados pelos diferentes metabólitos de vitamina D. Os diferentes metabólitos de vitamina D afetaram positivamente a morfometria intestinal na altura de vilo na fase inicial, sendo os melhores resultados obtido pelos animais alimentados com 1,25(OH)2D3, contudo os parâmetros imunológicos foram similares entre os metabólitos estudados.
Avaliação comparativa da ultraestrutura e propriedades físicas do esmalte bovino, bubalino e humano
Authors: Nogueira Bárbara C.L. , Fernandes Piero M. , Paiva Augusto C.J. , Fagundes Nathália C.F. , Teixeira Francisco B. , Lima Rafael R.
Published: July 2014

Este estudo teve como finalidade comparar a morfologia e propriedades físicas da estrutura do esmalte dos dentes bovinos, bubalinos e humanos. A análise deste tecido foi realizada por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, composição mineral, microdureza e rugosidade superficial do esmalte em 41 incisivos bubalinos (Bos taurus indicus), 41 incisivos bovinos (Pelorovis antiques) e 30 incisivos permanentes de humanos. Os resultados mostraram que a ultraestrutura do esmalte revela uma significativa similaridade das espécies estudadas com a encontrada em amostras humanas. No esmalte bovino e bubalino os elementos químicos que apresentaram maior concentração foram: O, Ca e P, justamente os que formam os cristais de hidroxiapatita - Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. Na microdureza Knoop não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as três espécies. Porém, a rugosidade superficial do esmalte bubalino (2,16µm ±0,23) foi significativamente maior quando comparada aos dentes humano (0,36µm ±0,05) e bovino (0,41µm ±0,07). Conclui-se que as características e propriedades do esmalte bovino e bubalino, por meio de análises e testes, apresentou uma morfologia semelhante à de humanos, arquitetura ultraestrutural similar, microdureza e composição mineral equivalente ao tecido dental humano, tornando-se modelos de referência para pesquisas.
Retrato e biografia: Lisboa/Rio de Janeiro. 1770-1820
Authors: Schiavinatto Iara Lis
Published: July 2014

Este artigo aborda o retrato dos homens de governo, especialmente das Cortes Constituintes em 1820, no mundo luso-brasileiro. Atenta especialmente para duas séries imagéticas, uma coleção de Silva Oeirense e outra galeria feita por Domingos Antonio de Sequeira, notando-se de que maneiras tais imagens se tornaram uma espécie de dispositivo biográfico para estes deputados capaz de expressar seu caráter vincado pela moderação. Busca ainda apontar algumas distinções dessas imagens na retratística da época. No geral, indica uma ordenação de si por meio dos sentidos e das mudanças na retratística de uma camada de letrados, comerciantes, bacharéis, redatores, luso-brasileiros que se viram investidos e se autoinvestiram da capacidade de governar.
Sigaud, operário da pintura
Authors: Meneguello Cristina
Published: July 2014

Até o presente momento, nenhuma biografia de fôlego foi produzida sobre Eugênio de Proença Sigaud. Em portais especializados em arte ou em dicionários de pintores, biografias concisas de uma lauda repetem as mesmas informações à exaustão. Este breve artigo não busca redimir Sigaud deste silêncio. Propõe, outrossim, entender por que persistem figuras consideradas "menores" na história da arte recente no País, bem como compreender os processos de perpetuação da memória e de valorização da obra de certos agentes históricos em detrimento de outros. Os cânones sobre o moderno no Brasil criam seus próprios critérios de narrativa do passado, em que a economia dos discursos da qualidade artística e o uso interessado e exclusivista de acervos criam invisibilidades e omissões, processo este do qual Sigaud, cuja obra visual eloquente não é secundada por textos, entrevistas e farta documentação, é exemplar. Na busca destes silêncios, este breve artigo elege a má recepção da obra de Sigaud, seu posicionamento político de esquerda e sua formação como arquiteto como seus fios condutores, buscando por meio destes aspectos pouco estudados até o momento guiar-se para lançar hipóteses que contribuam para a compreensão do trabalho deste pintor.
Exílio: uma história em três dimensões
Authors: Paulo Heloisa
Published: July 2014

No século XX, a ascensão dos regimes fascistas leva ao exílio opositores que procuravam fugir da morte pela execução sumária ou pelo confinamento aos campos de concentração. Portugal conhece um dos mais longos regimes de força, levando seus opositores a um longo degredo que, para uma grande maioria, durou toda a vida. Estes exilados e emigrados políticos buscaram refúgio nas mais diferentes partes do mundo, quer nos antigos núcleos de emigração ou em países onde o Estado democrático favorecia seu acolhimento. E se as histórias de vida exigem a recuperação de diversos "espaços históricos", no caso dos exilados estes "espaços" possuem uma outra dimensão. À dimensão local, origem e formação dos personagens e ao contexto do "nacional", em que estão inseridos num momento de maioridade, podemos acrescentar outro, "supranacional", ou seja, a história dos países de acolhimento, uma base para a compreensão das relações estabelecidas no exílio. Tomando como ponto de partida o caso português, este trabalho pretende ressaltar alguns pontos importantes para a elaboração de biografias de exilados, tendo-se em conta a necessidade de cruzamento dos três espaços citados, a releitura da historiografia já produzida e os problemas da "memória oficial".
António de Spínola no exílio: a estadia no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Luís Nuno
Published: July 2014

O objetivo deste texto é analisar o percurso do general António de Spínola durante o seu exílio, com especial incidência sobre o período em que residiu no Brasil. O período da biografia de Spínola analisado neste artigo, por conseguinte, não é aquele em que ele desempenhou os cargos mais elevados ou as funções mais importantes de sua carreira. No entanto, a estadia no Brasil foi um período igualmente relevante no seu percurso biográfico, e a sua análise permite acompanhar a atividade política desempenhada pelo general durante o exílio e, de igual modo, trazer alguma luz adicional a um período particularmente delicado das relações entre Portugal e o Brasil. Neste texto procura-se, por conseguinte, cruzar um registro eminente biográfico com uma preocupação em trazer novos contributos para a história das atividades políticas do oposicionismo exilado no período revolucionário em Portugal e também para a história das relações luso-brasileiras.