bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Erazm Rykaczewski’s Dokładny słownik polsko- angielski… (1851) and its examples of usage: Inverting the translation principle
Authors: Podhajecka Mirosława
Published: October 2023

Erazm Rykaczewski’s Dokładny słownik polsko-angielski… (1851) was the first Polish- English dictionary. As well as English equivalents for Polish headwords, it offered a rich selection of Polish illustrative examples paired with their English counterparts to provide the user with information on the way the headwords are used in context. While making a bilingual dictionary requires fluency in both languages, Rykaczewski’s knowledge of English was somewhat less than perfect. In the light of the above, how he compiled the volume’s English side remains largely unresolved. This paper empirically tests the hypothesis that he drew on the works of other lexicographers. The research methodology was twofold. Firstly, Fleming and Tibbins’s Royal dictionary (1844-1845) was examined to ascertain whether it formed a part of Rykaczewski’s background material and, if so, to what extent. Secondly, English examples of usage unrecorded in the Royal dictionary were verified against Google Books, a gigantic corpus of texts, to identify potential sources.
Chrześcijańskie ramy, żydowskie treści? Żydowskie kazania szkolne w Galicji
Authors: Maślak-Maciejewska Alicja
Published: October 2023

Christian Framework, Jewish Content? Jewish School Sermons in Galicia

The article is devoted to so-called “exhortations,” school sermons delivered to Jewish school youth in Galicia since the 1880s by Jewish teachers of religion. The author traces the roots of these sermons by analyzing the legal framework and the realms of Galician school that since the late 1860s became non-confessional. Sermons were part of religious education which in theory should have been provided to all children. The article shows that the Jewish exhortations, while retaining Jewish content, resembled Christian sermons in various ways (sources, length, language, typical features such as brevity, chronology of publication, even frequency of the words). Those affinities and relationship between both traditions are analyzed in the article.
Z wizytą w Erec Israel. Korespondencje czterech dziennikarzy z Polski z podróży do Palestyny wiosną 1925 roku
Authors: Stawiski Jacek
Published: October 2023

A Visit to Eretz Israel: Reports by Four Journalists from Poland from their Visit to Palestine in Spring 1925

In spring 1925 four journalists representing four different newspapers printed in Poland (in Polish) travelled to Eretz Israel to report on the ceremonies of opening the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Jakub Appenszlak (Nasz Przegląd), Bernard Zimmermann (Nowy Dziennik), and Leon Weinstock (Chwila) were Polish Jews and supporters of Zionism. Janusz Makarczyk (Kurier Warszawski) was a Pole working for a right-wing Polish daily. As reporters they witnessed the opening of the University and also visited other places like Tel Aviv and some agricultural settlements. They sent their reports to Poland. The reports represent a unique view on the development of Jewish Palestine in the mid-1920s.
Josefa Rosensohna Tractatus de Kabała, czyli najstarszy oświeceniowy traktat o chasydyzmie
Authors: Wodziński Marcin
Published: October 2023

The Earliest Maskilic Treatise on Hasidism: Josef Rosensohn’s Tractatus de Kabała

The article presents an unknown treatise written by a Vilna-based maskil and medical doctor, Josef Rosensohn (ca. 1774–1849). The newly discovered text, commissioned by a Polish aristocrat and Enlightenment activist Tadeusz Czacki (1765–1813), is the oldest maskilic treatise on Hasidism, written in either late 1804 or 1805, important not only for the history of the Haskalah, but also a significant source on the history of Hasidism and Jewish-Polish cultural relations. The article consists of two parts: (1) extensive introduction presenting the author, circumstances of the treatise creation, and significance of the source; (2) a thoroughly annotated treatise itself.
Pseudoperiodic Words and a Question of Shevelev
Authors: Meleshko Joseph , Ochem Pascal , Shallit Jeffrey , Shan Sonja Linghui
Published: October 2023

We generalize the familiar notion of periodicity in sequences to a new kind
of pseudoperiodicity, and we prove some basic results about it. We revisit the
results of a 2012 paper of Shevelev and reprove his results in a simpler and
more unified manner, and provide a complete answer to one of his previously
unresolved questions. We consider finding words with specific pseudoperiod and
having the smallest possible critical exponent. Finally, we consider the
problem of determining whether a finite word is pseudoperiodic of a given size,
and show that it is NP-complete.
Ratzinger: libertad y moral política
Authors: Eslava Gómez Euclides J. , Murcia Karol
Published: October 2023

En este artículo se esboza la relación entre la libertad y la moral política en el pensamiento de Joseph Ratzinger. Para ello, se exponen los fundamentos teológicos y antropológicos que justifican el concepto de libertad y el significado de la
política como ámbito de la razón moral. Por último, se propone que un adecuado concepto de libertad, cuyo presupuesto es la verdad, facilita la comprensión y el desarrollo de la actividad política a partir de su naturaleza moral.
Eco-tourism and socio-economic development of rural areas
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Тleuberdinova А. Т. , Kulik X. V. ,   «Turan» University, Kiss F. ,   Committee on Economics and Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2023

The authors presented a theoretical review of research by foreign scientists on the topic of ecotourism, aimed at clarifying the theoretical aspects of its impact on the economy of rural areas and the social sphere. The goal is to form the author’s vision of the socio-economic impact of agritourism on the sustainability of rural areas. To achieve the goal, methods of dialectical, abstract-logical, comparative and content analysis were used. Results – scientific discussions and exchange of opinions of scientists made it possible to identify the following positive economic features of the development of ecotourism: the formation of the country's GDP, growth in gross added value, increase in foreign exchange earnings, diversification of the rural economy, strengthening of relationships between industries, expansion of markets for local goods and services, modernization of infrastructure, increase employment. Among the social characteristics, one can note the creation of jobs, an increase in the income and well-being of rural residents, the development of social infrastructure and the improvement of rural settlements, improving the quality of labor resources, improving the health of the population of the republic, reconciling the interests of the local community with the interests of the state and business structures, reducing gender inequality, preventing the outflow of people living in rural areas and guaranteeing social stability. In addition, the authors supplemented the effects of rural tourism with an impact on the environment, expressed in changing the situation of villagers, protecting and renewing natural resources and biodiversity, preserving and restoring cultural and historical monuments, observing national traditions, customs, folklore, as well as maintaining traditional forms of economic management. Conclusions – based on the detailed indicators of each component of ecotourism, its impact on the living standard in rural areas is substantiated.
Internal control mechanism in agro-industrial production in Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zholayeva M. A. , Saduakasova K. Z. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Urazbayeva Z. U. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2023

The effectiveness of management in agricultural sector of economy largely depends on the effectiveness of management decisions. The goal is to study the relationship between the linear and nonlinear internal control system (ICS) using the structure of the Committee (COSO) based on the model of agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Methods – multiple linear regression test. The paradigm of this study is the officials from the head of the farm to the head of the unit. Results – it has been established that linear and nonlinear relationships in the system control mechanism are characterized by multi-collinear, autocorrelation and heterocedastic testing, which will allow them to be adapted to the agricultural entities of the republic. The predictions were checked before the results of the multiple linear regression tests were obtained. It is shown that each economic entity has its own technological, economic and regional characteristics, which are reflected in the specifics of internal supervision. The authors note that any of its methods represents a template that requires specification, based on the specifics of the enterprise. Horizontal control involves accounting for costs, income and financial results based on developed plans (budgets) for the year with monthly data detailing. Vertical control is the analysis, regulation of expenses and income. The article defines organizational and methodological approaches to the creation and effective functioning of internal control systems in business entities in agricultural sector. To monitor its effective performance, standardization and documentation of procedures is necessary. Conclusions – the continuous monitoring system allows providing information and analytical support for situational approaches to managing an agricultural enterprise, integrating calculation, analysis, control and planning into a single self-regulatory mechanism, minimizing possible operational and financial risks.
Dairy industry in Kazakhstan: trends in increasing efficiency
Authors:   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Yerzhanova Z. K. , Akhmetzhanova N. A. ,   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Zhaitleuova A.A. ,   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University
Published: October 2023

Providing the population of Kazakhstan with dairy products is the main task of the dairy subcomplex. The existing potential and experience in the development of the industry not only make it possible to satisfy domestic needs, but also contribute to the implementation of export-oriented production. The goal is to review the market for milk and dairy products in the republic, study the current situation, and identify the main problems. Methods – abstract-logical, analysis and synthesis, comparison. Official data from the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan was used as an information base. Results – the main directions of development of agri-food segment are shown. The main indicators of the dairy sector are analyzed: assortment, per capita consumption in the regional reserve, consumer and retail price index. The authors note a number of specific features inherent in food markets in general, which depend on natural and climatic conditions, the relationship of production and economic processes with biological ones, the seasonality of production and sales, which causes uneven use of labor and equipment, material resources, as well as fluctuations in receipt of income, high share of labor costs in the pricing structure, limited supply of raw materials for obtaining finished dairy products, correlation of the quality of the final product, terms and conditions of storage, and transportation. The dynamics of production of the main types of products over the past five years is considered. Emphasis is placed on the reasons hindering the development of the dairy market: a reduction in the number of cows in agricultural enterprises and private farms in the village, a high level of wear and tear on equipment, and the lack of effective connections between commodity producers of raw materials and their processors, which leads to rising prices in the food market. Conclusions the increase in the cost of dairy products over the past three years leads to a decrease in consumption and production in the traditional dairy processing industry.
Issues of employment and income of rural residents of the Republic of Kazakhstan: the role of cooperation
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kаzаkh Agro Technical research University, Zhenshan D. , Alipbeki O. A. ,   S. Seifullin Kаzаkh Agro Technical research University, Bodaukhan K. ,   S. Seifullin Kаzаkh Agro Technical research University
Published: October 2023

One of the priority directions for the development of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan is solving the small-scale nature of agricultural production by combining small farms into agricultural cooperatives and creating infrastructure in the system of promoting products from producer to consumer. However, the benefits of cooperative principles and potential reserves have not yet been fully realized; their role and importance in the socio-economic development of the country is underestimated. The goal is to analyze the current state of agricultural cooperatives in the republic and scientifically substantiate the mechanism of influence on the quality of life of the rural population. Methods – economic-statistical, abstract-logical, comparative analysis, systematization. Results – an analysis of the expansion of the sphere of cooperation in dynamics for 2018-2022 and state programs on development of rural settlements was carried out. Their role in regulating economic, social, demographic problems and improving the well-being of villagers is shown. The main unfavorable factors hindering the cooperation process are considered: weak degree of financial control over compliance with its requirements, the absence of collateral or its illiquidity. Conclusions – рeasant (private) farms and personal subsidiary plots play a decisive role in supplying rural residents with food. Agricultural cooperation helps improve the economic conditions of agricultural producers, promotes the efficient and rational use of industry resources, provides material and technical assistance to farmers, manages risks, and provides an opportunity to enter international markets with an increase in export volumes. However, the criteria that determine the incentives for participation in the cooperative movement from the position of its potential participants, which include the population of rural areas as subjects of the regional labor market, have not been sufficiently studied: these are, first of all, the level and sources of income, the availability of livestock, and family composition. The tasks of the active state policy aimed at strengthening agriculture and the processing industry are not feasible without new integration formations.
A Study on Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (Pm-Kisan) With Reference to the North Eastern States, India
Authors: Prantik Bordoloi Prantik Bordoloi , Nilutpal Dutta  , Maikel Swargiary  , Nilakshi Kalita
Published: October 2023

The PM-KISAN is a central sector scheme under the Govt. of India which aims to provide income supports to farmers to facilitate timely access to agricultural inputs. The cash benefits under this scheme under enhance the financial capacity of the beneficiaries to invest in the agriculture and in the acquisition of modern techniques in agriculture. The families and households who are highly dependent on agriculture and have poor access to credits get more benefits from the scheme. In this study we explore, how far the scheme has spread across the states. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the implementation of the PM-KISAN scheme in the eight states of north-east India. The study will also shed light on the comparative study on the number of people availing the benefits of this scheme in different states. Moreover a gender wise analysis is also made in this direction. Through this publication, we also aim to create awareness about the PM-KISAN scheme among the farmers of north-east India. It is evident from the study that farmers of Assam have benefited more from the scheme as compared to other north eastern states. The percentage of male beneficiaries from the scheme is highest in Meghalaya with 96 % and the state with the lowest percentage of male beneficiaries from the scheme is Manipur with 45.8%.
Implementation of the Independent Learning (Merdeka Belajar) Curriculum in Physical Education Sports and Health Subjects in Public Junior High Schools in Sleman District
Authors:   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Prasetiyo Farhan Budi , Susanto Ermawan ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Nurdin Ujang ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: October 2023

The research objectives are to find out: (1) Implementation of Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in Physical Education, Sports and Health subjects at State Junior High Schools in Sleman Regency. (2) Obstacles in the implementation of Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in Physical Education, Sports and Health subjects at State Junior High Schools in Sleman Regency. (3) Solutions made to overcome the obstacles to the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in Physical Education, Sports and Health subjects. The method used mixed research. The subjects of this study were principals and Physical Education, Sports and Health teachers in public junior high schools in Sleman Regency which were taken based on random sampling. The instruments used were interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis techniques used were qualitative and quantitative. Research results: (1) Implementation of Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in Physical Education, Sports and Health subjects in State Junior High Schools in Sleman Regency is in the sufficient and good categories, namely 50.00%. State Junior High Schools in Sleman Regency have implemented the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in stages, and have implemented Project-Based Learning which is one of the learning activities in the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum. (2) The obstacles in the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in the Physical Education, Sports and Health subject in State Junior High Schools in Sleman Regency are that teachers are still difficult to instill the 6 characters of the Pancasila Student Profile to students with the various characteristics that each student has. In addition, from the observations made by researchers, it can also be seen that teachers have not been able to get out of their comfort zone in teaching, as it can be seen that in teaching they are still comfortable with using the method and the teacher's lack of ability to use learning media, this can be seen when the teacher teaches mostly only explaining the material and then giving assignments to students. (3) The solution carried out in the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in Physical Education, Sports and Health subjects at State Junior High Schools in Sleman Regency is that teachers look for information or references about learning assessments and regularly attend training on the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum held.
A Study on Goseong Dongoe-dong Remains focused on Memorial Service Site
Authors:   Yeongnam Archaeological Review, Lee Dong Hee
Published: October 2023

The Dongoe-dong remains are known as complex remains due to the findings of various relics ranging from shell mounds, dwellings, ritual pits, moats, and tombs. Although some opinions see them as defensive facilities due to the moat, this study examined the Dongoe-dong remains as a memorial service site, i.e., ‘Sodo (蘇塗, sacred ground).’
The Dongoe-dong Remains were taken as a memorial service site for the following reasons; The place’s name was ‘Dangsan (堂山, guardian mountain).’ Its geographical conditions and view are excellent. It cannot be regarded as a living space for a ruling group based on the size of dwellings around the moat and the artifacts excavated. It has no clear central settlement for defense. The highest prestige goods from outside were excavated sporadically near the memorial service site at the top of the hill. Storages and dwellings inside the moat are the facilities attached to the ritual space at the top of the hill. The size and shape of the moat suggest that it was constructed to set the ritual space and establish its boundary rather than for defense.
Currently, only the pits in the north of the plaza clearly show traces related to rituals in the Dongoe-dong remains. Still, other remains indicate that it is highly probable that there was an earthen platform or ‘Sotdae (ritual pole)’ at the top of the hill. In addition, it is deemed that the bird-shaped bronzeware is a ritual utensil related to agricultural rituals held in spring and fall and the memorial service to the god of heaven. It is deemed that the rituals in the Dongoe-dong remains were presided by the chief priest under the auspices of the ruler of a small state in the Goseong region.
Emergence and Significance of Grey Pottery in Baekjeon · Yesan-ri Remains, Seongju
Authors:   Yeongnam Archaeological Review, Lee Won Tae
Published: October 2023

This study examines the emergency and significance of Grey pottery in Baekjeon Yesan-ri remains, Seongju. The research findings show that Grey pottery in Baekjeon Yesan-ri remains, Seongju, emerged between the end of the 2nd century B.C. (PeriodⅠ-1) and the beginning of the 1st century B.C., and continued until the middle of the 2nd century (PeriodⅡ-1).
The date of earthenware excavated from the 3rd tomb of wooden coffins in Baekjeon Yesan-ri, Seongju was thought to be the 2nd century B.C. based on the fact that Clay band pottery and pouch-shaped pottery with clay band were found along with them at remains of Hagu-ri and Bukto-ri, Gyeongju, as well as Paldal-dong, Daegu, and also in reference to the period of Clay band pottery excavated from the first tomb of wooden coffins in Gyodong-ri, Ulsan. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the presumed period of the Pottery with stamped design that had been entered to the basin of Nakdong River up to the 2nd century B.C.
Over Daegu region adjacent to remains of Baekjeon Yesan-ri, Seongju, with Nakdong River as the boundary, remains are scattered at Paldal-dong, Hakjeong-dong, Seobyeon-dong, Sinseo-dong, etc. The groups in Baekjeon Yesan-ri, Seongju, and in Paldal-dong, Daegu, maintained the equal status in the early stage of Grey pottery, but in the latter period of Grey pottery, the spread of the group in Paldal- dong, Daegu, was likely to be accelerated. Specifically, in the 1st century B.C., the burial earthenware and metalware composition of the wooden coffin tombs excavated from No. 1, 3, and 31 of Baekjeon Yesan-ri, Seongju, were similar to that of No. 45, 94 of Paldal-dong, Daegu.
In Seongju region, there were no known remains of the Proto-three Kingdom Age which connected the Bronze Age and the age of the Three Kingdoms until the archaeological evidence of the Proto-three Kingdom Age was found in remains of Baekjeon Yesan-ri, Seongju. It is expected, therefore, that there will be a comprehensive discussion on Seongju in its stage that small political states formed.
Archaeological Implications of tombs with the low-floor additional chamber in Yeongnam region in the 4th to 6th centuries
Authors:   Yeongnam Archaeological Review, Ko Sang Hyuk
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this article is aimed at the distribution of tomb style in Gyeongju during the Three Kingdoms period that the space range was formed from interdependent relationships, not from a political standpoint. The study subject are tombs with the low-floor additional chamber, which was judged to be data that can identify how the different natural environments of the coast and the inland were related with the formation of tombs. As for the research method, the spreading pattern was examined by categorizing tombs with the low-floor additional chamber and reviewing them step by step.
As a result, it was confirmed that the tombs were transmitted through the sea route and then spread to the inland via Ulsan. It was changed in three stages, and in stage I, it spread to the Changwon-Pohang line through maritime traffic. In stage Ⅱ, the maritime routes were expanded to Gangwon-do region, while the relations with the Gimhae and Changwon regions had decreased. The spread to the inland begins, and the traffic routes identified in this process is largely divided into three directions centered on Gyeongju. The traffic routes were divided into Northeast Road leading to the coastal port, Southeast Road leading to coastal cities with a mixture of special functional areas and gateway cities, and West Road leading to inland cities based on agricultural products. In stage Ⅲ, And it was confirmed that land transportation routes were expanding to the inland area of western Ulsan and part of the coastal area of Ulsan.
In addition, the reliability of the data was increased by comparing this result with the ‘ㅏ’-shaped tomb(ㅏ字形古墳) representing Gyeongju’s Northeast culture. This study was intended to reveal that it belongs to the broad category of culture formed around Gyeongju, not the specificity of a single tomb style.
This analysis was interpreted from the perspective of efficient connection between the coast and the inland.
The validity of this study was verified by confirming the similarity of the regions through comparison with the life culture area of the late Joseon Dynasty, where there was little change in transportation means.
Review on Advances in Bio-based Admixtures for Concrete
Authors: BEDADA Kidist , NYABUTO Andrew , KINOTI Ismael , MARANGU Joseph
Published: October 2023

Bio-based admixtures (BBAs) are emerging as a promising class of additives for concrete, of- fering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional chemical admixtures. Derived from various natural or biological sources, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, BBAs have shown potential in enhancing the performance characteristics of concrete in several key areas. This review article provides an in-depth exploration of BBAs, be- ginning with a detailed classification of the different types of BBAs based on their source mate- rial and production methods. It then delves into the various characterization techniques used to assess the properties and performance of BBAs, providing insights into their impact on the workability, strength, durability, and rheology of concrete. The article also discusses the diverse application areas of BBAs, highlighting their versatility and potential for wide-ranging use in the construction industry. It further identifies and discusses the challenges associated with the use of BBAs, such as issues related to compatibility with different types of cement and concrete, storage and shelf-life considerations, quality control and standardization concerns, and cost-effective- ness. In conclusion, the review emphasizes that while BBAs hold great promise as an alternative to conventional chemical admixtures for concrete, there is a need for more interdisciplinary collaboration and research to overcome the identified challenges and fully realize their poten- tial. The paper calls for further studies focusing on optimizing the production and application processes of BBAs, as well as developing standardized testing and quality control procedures.
Monetary Policy and Commercial Banks Profitability in Nigeria
Authors: Iwedi Marshal , James Egileoniso Daniel
Published: October 2023

This study examines the impact of monetary policy on profitability of commercial banks in Nigeria over the period from 1988 to 2021. Data on credit to deposit ratio, return on asset, return on equity, Z-score, money supply, income per head, interest rate, interest spread, and inflation were obtained from the statistical bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) techniques were used to estimate the short and long-term dynamic equilibrium relationship between monetary policy and commercial banks' profitability in Nigeria. The analysis confirms mixed integration through unit root tests, which justifies the use of the ARDL approach for the four baseline models. The estimation results for these models provide evidence of a cointegrating relationship between monetary policy and commercial bank profitability in Nigeria, indicating that all the variables are bound in the long run. Among the indicators of commercial bank profitability, return on asset responds more quickly to changes in monetary policy, compared to return on equity, credit-deposit ratio, and Z-score. The long-term disequilibrium adjustment further supports the presence of a cointegrating relationship among these variables. The estimated level equations demonstrate that money supply and inflation have positive multiplier effects on the bank credit-deposit ratio in the long run. Based on these findings, the study strongly recommends increasing the Z-score of the Nigerian banking sector by reducing the standard deviation of return on asset. The volatility of ROA in the Nigerian banking system contributes to a low Z-score, therefore, bank management teams should strive to maintain relatively stable ROA over time. The government should work on reducing inflation, particularly inflation resulting from reckless spending of public funds, excessive quoting by public officers, and corruption-induced inflation. The interest spread is too wide, and any increase in this margin has a negative impact on return on asset and equity. Accordingly, the study suggests meaningfully shrinking the margin between lending rate and deposit rate, aiming for a one-digit margin. Banks can achieve this by simply reducing lending rates to single digits.
The Interplay of Polysemy and Prototypes: A Prototype Theory Approach to the Turkish Polysemic –lIk Morpheme
Authors: İSKENDER Halil
Published: October 2023

In contrast to the classical Aristotelian view of categorization, which defines category membership based on compliance with necessary and sufficient conditions, the newly emerging Prototype Theory contends that categories are formed around prototypes, also known as “best examples”. A particularly relevant set of data stems from the observation that speakers do not assign an equal degree of membership to all members within a given category, a phenomenon known in the field as “prototype effects”. On the linguistic side of the discussion, proponents of Prototype Theory argue that the polysemy of linguistic elements, whether morphemes, words, or syntactic structures, should be analyzed in a manner analogous to categories. Just as categories have “prototypical” or “exemplar” members, polysemous linguistic objects have “prototypical” or “exemplar” interpretations, from which non-prototypical, slightly deviant interpretations are derived. This study aims to characterize the polysemous Turkish suffix –lIk through a prototypical analysis, operating on the assumption that language is a dynamic and evolving entity that interacts bidirectionally with cognitive structures. It is proposed that the myriad of interpretations associated with –lIk can be captured around a prototypical core meaning of “property-based relation”, and that other readings can be derived from this core by slight meaning alterations. I also incorporate Langacker’s theory, positing that non-prototypical interpretations may also act as a node from which both prototypical and non-prototypical interpretations branch. Our findings indicate that Prototype Theory offers a more fitting analytical framework for understanding ¬–lIk compared to the classical Aristotelian view, which proves less adequate for this analysis.
Evaluation of Stock Closing Prices using Transformer Learning
Authors: Mian Tariq Saeed
Published: October 2023

Predicting stock markets remains a critical and challenging task due to many factors, such as the enormous volume of generated price data, instant price data changes, and sensitivity to human sentiments, wars, and natural disasters. Since the previous three years of the COVID-19 pandemic, forecasting stock markets is more difficult, complex, and problematic for stock market analysts. However, technical analysts of the stock market and academic researchers are continuously trying to develop innovative and modern methods for forecasting stock market prices, using statistical techniques, machine learning, and deep learning-based algorithms. This study investigated a Transformer sequential-based approach to forecast the closing price for the next day. Ten sliding window timesteps were used to forecast next-day stock closing prices. This study aimed to investigate reliable techniques based on stock input features. The proposed Transformer-based method was compared with ARIMA, Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Random Forest (RF) algorithms, showing its outstanding results on Yahoo Finance data, Facebook Intra data, and JPMorgan's Intra data. Each model was evaluated using Mean Absolute Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE).
Utilization of Solar Energy for Electric Vehicle Charging and the Energy Consumption of Residential Buildings in Northern Cyprus: A Case Study
Authors: Kassem Youssef , Gokcekus Huseyin , Aljatlawe Almukhtar
Published: October 2023

Solar energy represents an opportunity to facilitate the operation of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations and cover the energy demand of households, contributing to sustainability and reducing carbon emissions. In light of the emerging need for solar energy as a source of electricity generation for building and charging electric vehicles, this study aimed to assess the technical and economic feasibility of using photovoltaic (PV) systems to generate electricity for residential buildings and meet the changing needs of EVs to reduce energy demand on the grid. To achieve this objective, monthly solar radiation data were collected from the NASA power dataset to assess solar radiation levels in the region and determine the suitability and potential for harnessing solar energy for various applications. The results showed that northern Cyprus has exceptionally abundant and consistently stable solar energy resources. The daily energy for selected residential households and the GÜNSEL B9 and J9 electric cars was estimated to determine the capacity of the required PV systems. In addition, information was collected on the prices of solar panels, inverters, energy storage systems, etc., which were taken into account to evaluate the economic viability of the developed systems. The results demonstrate that the use of solar energy to charge EVs and meet the energy demands of households is technically viable and economically feasible. The use of electric cars offers nearly double the advantages compared to conventional fuel-powered ones, making them a more environmentally sustainable option.
Artificial Neural Network Performance Modeling and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing 3D Printed Parts
Authors: Subramonian Sivarao , Kadirgama Kumaran , Al-Obaidi Abdulkareem Sh. Mahdi , Mohd Salleh Mohd Shukor , Vatesh Umesh Kumar , Pujari Satish , Rao Dharsyanth , Ramasamy Devarajan
Published: October 2023

This research article presents a comprehensive study on the performance modeling of 3D printed parts using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The aim of this study is to optimize the mechanical properties of 3D printed components through accurate prediction and analysis. The study focuses on the widely employed Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique. The ANN model is trained and validated using experimental data, incorporating input parameters such as temperature, speed, infill direction, and layer thickness to predict mechanical properties including yield stress, Young's modulus, ultimate tensile strength, flexural strength, and elongation at fracture. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the ANN model with an average error below 10%. The study also reveals the significant impact of process parameters on the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts and highlights the potential for optimizing these parameters to enhance the performance of printed components. The findings of this research contribute to the field of additive manufacturing by providing valuable insights into the optimization of 3D printing processes and facilitating the development of high-performance 3D printed components.
Big Data in Education: Students at Risk as a Case Study
Authors: Altamimi Ahmed B.
Published: October 2023

This paper analyzes various machine learning algorithms to predict student failure in a specific educational dataset and a specific environment. The paper handles the prediction of student failure given the students' grades, course difficulty level, and GPA, differing from most of the provided studies in the literature, where focus is given to the surrounding environment. The main aim is to early detect students at risk of academic underperformance and implement specific interventions to enhance their academic outcomes. A diverse set of eleven Machine Learning (ML) algorithms was used to analyze the dataset. The data went through preprocessing, and features were engineered to effectively capture essential information that may impact students' academic performance. A meticulous process for model selection and evaluation was utilized to compare the algorithms' performance with regard to metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, specificity, and balanced accuracy. Our results demonstrate significant variability in the performance of the different algorithms, with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) showing the highest overall performance, followed closely by Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC), Neuro-Fuzzy, and Random Forest (RF). The other algorithms exhibit varying performance levels, with the Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) showing the weakest results in recall and F-score. Educational institutions can use the insight gained from this study to make data-driven decisions and design targeted interventions to help students at risk succeed academically. Furthermore, the methodology presented in this paper can be generalized and applied to other educational datasets for similar predictive purposes.
A Study on the Evaluation of the Compression Behavior of PLA Lattice Structures Manufactured by FDM
Authors: Zisopol Dragos Gabriel , Minescu Mihail , Iacob Dragos Valentin
Published: October 2023

The paper brings forward the results of a study on the compression test of 28 lattice structures made of PLA by FDM, with the height of the deposited layer at a pass of Hs = 0.20 mm and 50% filling percentage Pu. The 28 samples were made on Anycubic 4 Max Pro 2.0 the 3D printer, considering 7 filling patterns: Grid, Tri-hexagon, Octet, Triangles, Cubic subdivision, Gyroid, and Cross 3D for each type of lattice structure. The dimensions of the specimens, before and after the compression test, were determined using the DeMeet 3D coordinate measuring machine. In this context, a minimum printing accuracy value of 98.98% and a maximum deformation value of 57.70% were recorded for the lattice structure corresponding to the Triangles fill pattern. For the same Triangles type lattice structure, the highest average maximum compressive force of 87.32 kN was obtained. The maximization of the ratio between the use value and the production cost, one of the fundamental technical-economic principles of value analysis, was obtained for the lattice structure corresponding to the Cubic subdivision filling model.
Design Improvement for a Maritime Training Polygon using 3D Terrestrial Laser Scanning Technology
Authors: Marasescu Daniel , Manea Mihaela Greti , Burlacu Paul , Tanase Andreea Codrina
Published: October 2023

In the current geo-strategic context, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) impose increasingly high standards for seafarers' preparation in the ship's vitality training centers (elaborate constructions, designed and equipped specifically for training personnel in scenarios involving flooding and fires that may occur on board ships). The buildings housing these training areas experience considerable mechanical and thermal stress, which, over time, affects their structural integrity. Therefore, repairs and modernization work become necessary. This paper provides a case study on the application of technologies for terrestrial laser scanning of buildings, with a focus on the vitality training polygon. The originality of the approach comes from achieving "as-built" documentation for the vitality polygon using 3D laser scanning technology. This includes both three-dimensional modeling based on digital information from the scanning process, as well as structural analysis using finite element techniques for the buildings where crew training takes place. The study also analyzes the distribution of total deformations and stresses in the walls of exercise compartments for flooding and water fight scenarios. Moreover, temperature distribution in the walls and interior atmosphere of these compartments is examined for fire scenarios and firefighting.
Practical Printmaking
Authors: Gale Colin
Published: October 2023

This book presents an overview of the core printmaking areas: intaglio, lithography, collagraph, monoprinting, relief printing and screenprinting. There are also sections on Health & Safety, Workshop and Studio Space, and Displaying and Storing Prints, as well as a comprehensive glossary and list of suppliers. Separate chapters covering digital printmaking and the use of photography in printmaking ensure that the book is up to date with contemporary practice. Each chapter rounds off with a small gallery section showcasing the work of contemporary printmakers working with the relevant techniques. In each instance, the cheapest and easiest methods for each technique is explained and wherever possible the author covers methods for making prints at home, without the need for expensive equipment and presses. The whole book is filled with step-by-step sequences and clear instructions. The result is an excellent guide for the beginner and useful reference for the intermediate printmaker on all the printmaking techniques and how to use them.
Printmakers The Directory
Authors: Desmet Anne , Dyson Anthony
Published: October 2023

This book is a general guide to printmaking by hand. Comprehensive and innovative, this practical introduction ranges from potato prints to multi-colour linocuts; from collage to screenprints; from prints made with pipe cleaners and burger boxes to three-dimensional indented sculpture. The advantage of the techniques covered are that they do not require expensive equipment or much space, and are suitable for all age groups. Easy to follow for the beginner, Handmade Prints also offers invaluable insights for the experienced printmaker. All the methods described require little specialised equipment and can be carried out at home on the kitchen table. They can be accomplished at many levels of expertise: in an artist s professional practice; as a school or college activity; or by enthusiasts of all ages to make unusual, inventive artworks or to transform home decor. The text is clearly written and highly illustrated with work done by people of all ages.
The Impact of ChatGPT on Language Learners’ Motivation
Authors: AYDIN YILDIZ Tugba
Published: October 2023

As digital technology advances, its tools and applications are being used both inside and outside the classroom to increase student participation and motivation. One encouraging technology that has freshly seized acceptance is the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in language learning. One akin AI structure is ChatGPT. It is a language model matured by OpenAI that can engender human-like chat in return to user guidance. The goal of this study is to explore the effect of combining ChatGPT-generated dialogues into language teaching materials on the motivation of language learners. The participants group of this study were second-year 60 university students. The students' motivational strategies were measured using the 'Motivational Strategies for Learning Questionnaire' (Pintrinch & De Groot, 1990). The outcomes of the present study showed that there were statistically powerful differences between majors on the motivation test subcategories (self-regulation, intrinsic values, and test anxiety). In other words, using ChatGPT technology as a learning material, has increased the motivation of the students.
Organizational Postmodernism; Sebuah Telaah Kritik
Authors: Maniagasi Y Gabriel
Published: October 2023

Tulisan ini merupakan ulasan teoritik yang menelaah pemikiran postmodernism dalam perspektif teori organisasi secara khusus dalam pandangan Philips Hancock dan Melissa Tyler (2001). Merujuk dari pemikiran tersebut, kemudian dikolaborasi dengan beberapa literatur guna mendiskusikan pandangan-pandangan pemikir lainnya tentang perkembangan keilmuan yang berkembang mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Data dan informasi dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dengan teknik menyimak, membaca dan mencatat obyek yang dipelajari melalui buku-buku, literatur ataupun bahan pustaka yang relevan, sehingga data (dalam bentuk kata-kata) kemudian dianalisis sesuai dengan kebutuhan penulisan, yakni mengungkapkan kebenaran ilmiah. Hasil kajian teoritik memberi gambaran bahwa postmodernisme mengawali kemunculannnya sebagai reaksi atas ketidakpuasan terhadap modernisme yang lebih mempercayai kekuatan ilmu pengetahuan (management scientific) yang mengarah pada perubahan. Kendati demikian, postmodernisme bukan kritik pada satu bidang disiplin ilmu, namun pada semua bidang yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan budaya. Ciri pemikiran postmodernisme adalah pluralitas, artinya penghargaan kepada keberagaman berpikir. Setiap orang boleh berbicara dengan bebas sesuai dengan pemikirannya. Postmodernisme menolak arogansi dari setiap teori.
Avian influenza in wild birds and mammals in the United States. Proceeding of The First International Avian Influenza Summit, University of Arkansas- October 16-17, 2023"
Authors: Lenoch Julianna B.
Published: October 2023

Avian influenza, caused by influenza A viruses, has emerged as a critical zoonotic threat with implications for both public health and wildlife conservation. This abstract provides an overview of the prevalence, transmission dynamics, and potential impacts of avian influenza in wild birds and mammals within the United States. Drawing on comprehensive surveillance data and scientific studies, we highlight the diverse range of avian influenza strains circulating in wild bird populations and emphasize their potential spillover into mammalian species. The intricate interplay between wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals in the context of avian influenza ecology is examined, shedding light on potential transmission pathways. Furthermore, we delve into the consequences of avian influenza outbreaks on both wild avian and mammalian species, elucidating the varying susceptibility and potential reservoir roles of different taxa. The function of migratory birds in the long-distance dissemination of avian influenza strains across geographical boundaries is explored, emphasizing the need for international cooperation in surveillance and response efforts. Additionally, we discuss the implications of avian influenza for public health and address the possibility of viral adaptation and reassortment events that may lead to novel strains with pandemic potential. We highlight the importance of early detection and robust surveillance systems to mitigate the risks associated with avian influenza outbreaks in both wildlife and human populations. In conclusion, this abstract underscores the critical need for interdisciplinary research and collaborative efforts between public health authorities, wildlife biologists, and veterinary experts to understand better the dynamics of avian influenza in wild birds and mammals in the United States. By elucidating these complex interactions, we aim to inform targeted interventions, policies, and strategies for effective prevention and control of avian influenza outbreaks in both wildlife and domestic animal populations.