bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some new Gronwall–Bellman–Bihari type integral inequality associated
with ψ-Hilfer fractional derivative
Authors: Meftah Badreddine , Foukrach Djamal
Published: February 2023

Natural phenomena as well as problems encountered in pure
and applied sciences are modeled by ordinary, partial or integral
differential equations. Most of these problems have a nonlinear
aspect which makes their studies difficult, or even impossible.
For this, they must resort to other alternatives; among the methods used
is the integral inequalities approach, which allows the study of
quantitative and qualitative properties of solutions such as
existence, uniqueness, delimitation, oscillation, and stability.
In this study, we present some new integral inequalities of the
Gronwall–Bellman–Bihari type associated with the fractional derivative of ψ-Hilfer, which represents a strong tool and is applicable in the study of certain differential equations. Several known results
are derived and some applications to ordinary differential equations
are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our finding.
Monocyte distribution width alterations and cytokine storm are modulated by circulating histones
Authors: Ligi Daniela , Lo Sasso Bruna , Della Franca Chiara , Giglio Rosaria Vincenza , Agnello Luisa , Ciaccio Marcello , Mannello Ferdinando
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Extracellular histone levels are associated with the severity of many human pathologies, including sepsis and COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the role of extracellular histones on monocyte distribution width (MDW), and their effect on the release of cytokines by blood cells.

Methods

Peripheral venous blood was collected from healthy subjects and treated with different doses of a histone mixture (range 0–200 μg/mL) to analyze MDW modifications up-to 3 h and digital microscopy of blood smears. Plasma obtained after 3 h of histone treatment were assayed to evaluate a panel of 24 inflammatory cytokines.

Results

MDW values significantly increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These findings are associated with the histone-induced modifications of cell volume, cytoplasmic granularity, vacuolization, and nuclear structure of monocytes, promoting their heterogeneity without affecting their count. After 3 h of treatment almost all cytokines significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. The most relevant response was shown by the significantly increased G-CSF levels, and by the increase of IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1β, and IL-8 at the histone doses of 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL. VEGF, IP-10, GM-CSF, TNF-α, Eotaxin, and IL-2 were also up-regulated, and a lower but significant increase was observed for IL-15, IL-5, IL-17, bFGF, IL-10, IFN-γ, MCP-1, and IL-9.

Conclusions

Circulating histones critically induce functional alterations of monocytes mirrored by MDW, monocyte anisocytosis, and hyperinflammation/cytokine storm in sepsis and COVID-19. MDW and circulating histones may be useful tools to predict higher risks of worst outcomes.
A Shimura–Shintani correspondence for rigid analytic cocycles of higher weight
Authors: Negrini Isabella
Published: February 2023

This paper takes the first steps towards a systematic study of additive rigid meromorphic cocycles of higher weight. These were introduced by Darmon and Vonk, who focused on additive cocycles of weight two and their multiplicative lifts. After classifying certain rigid meromorphic cocycles of weight

2
⁢
k

{2k}

, we construct an explicit holomorphic kernel function realizing
a Shimura–Shintani style correspondence from modular forms of
weight

k
+

1
/
2

{k+1/2}

and level

4
⁢

p
2

{4p^{2}}

to
rigid analytic cocycles of weight

2
⁢
k

{2k}

on

SL
2

⁡

(

ℤ
⁢

[

1
/
p

]

)

{\operatorname{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z}[1/p])}

.
Assessments of recent Global Geopotential Models based on GPS/levelling and gravity data along coastal zones of Egypt
Authors: Al Shouny Ahmed , Khalil Ragab , Kamel Abdullah , Miky Yehia
Published: February 2023

The orthometric height has an essential role in a variety of civil engineering projects and it is defined as the length of the curved plumbline from a point (on the earth surface) to its intersection with the geoid surface. Leveling process is considered as the most accurate technique for obtaining these heights. However, regardless of its potentials, it is tedious, costly, and time consuming. Recently many organizations and research centers have developed multi Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) depending on several types of available gravity and height datasets to estimate orthometric heights from GNSS measurements. In this study, we present an evaluation and assessment of the accuracy of five of recent and popular GGMS: XGM2016, XGM2019e, EIGEN-6C4, GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R6e, and EGM2008 using actual 145 GNSS/leveling points and 96 terrestrial gravity points. The goal of this research is to find the best fit model along the study area located along the coastal zones of Egypt with distances of about 1,970 km for further determination of geoid modeling at regional scale. The selection of these areas basically was due to their developmental, urban, and economical importance and their continuous need for protection works to fight against the coastal erosion caused by climate change and global warming. The results indicated that for geoid undulation, GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R6e model is the best fit GGM for the estimation of geoid model along Mediterranean Sea coastal line, while XGM2019e_2159 model is the best suitable for coastal line of the Red Sea. And regarding the gravity anomalies, the most reliable GGMs for this study area are XGM2019e_2159 and EIGEN-6C4 for Bouguer and free-air gravity anomaly, respectively.
Uncertainty assessment of 3D geological models based on spatial diffusion and merging model
Authors: Nie Xiaoyan , Lu Cai , Luo Kai
Published: February 2023

The geological model plays an important role in geophysics and engineering geology. The data source of geological modeling comes from interpretation data, borehole data, and outcrop data. Due to economic and technical limitations, it is impossible to obtain highly accurate and high-density data sources. The sparsity and inaccuracy of data sources lead to the uncertainty in geological models. Unlike the problem of probability, there is not enough samples for a geological model. Spatial diffusion model and merging model are introduced, which are more satisfied with the cognition of uncertainty than the existing methods. And then, using conditional information entropy, a quantification method of geological uncertainty, is proposed. Compared with the approaches of information entropy, this method took full account of the constraints of geological laws. Based on the uncertainty models and conditional information entropy, a framework of uncertainty assessment in geological models is established. It is not necessary in our framework to create multiple geological models, which is a time-consuming and laborious task. The application of Hashan survey located at north of China shows that the method and framework of this study are reasonable and effective.
Towards low polymer content transparent composites via novel integration engineering
Authors: Wu Jiamin , Liang Yunyi , Wu Yingji , Li Jianzhang , Lu Jianxiong , Lam Su Shiung , Naushad Mu. , Sonne Christian , Xia Changlei
Published: February 2023

The high polymer and low wood content of current transparent wood has limitation in the mechanical strength and hence obstruct green sustainable transition of the building industry. In this study, a novel method for manufacturing transparent wood was reported by minimizing the usage of polyethylene glycol using partial impregnation followed by a densification approach. The delignified wood was firstly partially impregnated by polyethylene glycol, and subsequently compressed to eliminate pores for the compressed transparent wood, providing the strong hydrogen bonds and dense structures for transparent wood. The wood content of the novel compressed transparent wood was dramatically increased to 64%, compared with the uncompressed transparent wood of 25%. Additionally, the obtained compressed transparent wood demonstrated satisfactory optical transmittance, suitable thermal energy storage, and superior mechanical strengths owing to the formation of densely packed microstructures. This novel, sustainable, and low-cost transparent wood was easy to be manufactured while having increased mechanical and energy-saving characteristics compared to those available in the existing market.
The effect of miR-372-5p regulation on CDX1 and CDX2 in the gastric cancer cell line
Authors: Gharakhyli Elaheh Asghari , Tabar Molla Hassan Agheel , Alipour Majid , Vahidi Sogand , Samadani Ali Akbar
Published: February 2023

Objectives

MicroRNA expression disruptions play an important function in the expansion of gastric cancer. Previous investigation has indicated that miR-372-5p doing as an oncogene in several malignancies. CDX1 and CDX2, as target genes of miR-372-5p, play the role of tumor suppressors and oncogenes in gastric cancer cells, respectively. The current investigation explored the effects of miR-372-5p regulation on CDX2 and CDX1 in AGS cell lines and studied their molecular mechanism.

Methods

hsa-miR-372-5p miRCURY LNA miRNA Inhibitors and Mimic were transfected into AGS cell line. The cell viability and cell cycle calculation were defined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The Expression levels of miR-372-5p, CDX1, CDX2 and transfection efficiency were measured using Real-time PCR. Statistical investigation p values <0.05 were considered to be meaningful.

Results

miR-372-5p particularly was upregulated in control cells and also after transfection by mimic. While its expression was reduced by the inhibitor. Upregulation of miR-372-5p remarkably increased cell growth and led to accumulation in the G2/M phase, although the inhibitor decreased cell growth and accumulation in the S phase. Accordingly, upregulation of miR-372-5p increased CDX2 and decreased CDX1 expression. By inhibition of miR-372-5p, expression of CDX2 was decreased and expression of CDX1 was increased.

Conclusions

Up and down-regulation of miR-372-5P has a potential effect on the expression levels of its target genes, CDX1 and CDX22. Accordingly, the downregulation of miR-372-5p may be assumed as a possible therapeutic target in treating gastric cancer.
Plasma IL-6, TREM1, uPAR, and IL6/IL8 biomarkers increment further witnessing the chronic inflammation in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sater Mai S. , AlDehaini Dhuha M. B. , Malalla Zainab Hasan Abdulla , Ali Muhalab E. , Giha Hayder Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is known to be associated with chronic inflammation, but the inflammatory regulators/markers are not exactly defined and the link between them remains undetermined. The objective of this study is to identify these markers by testing traditional (IL6 & IL8) and non-traditional (TREM1 & uPAR) inflammatory markers.

Methods

Data and blood samples were obtained from 114 T2D and 74 non-diabetic Kuwaiti subjects attending health facilities in Kuwait. Chemical analyzers were used to measure glycemic and lipid profiles, while ELISA was used to measure plasma levels of insulin and several inflammatory markers.

Results

Showed that the IL-6 and TREM1 were significantly higher in T2D compared to non-diabetic controls, and the uPAR level was borderline higher in T2D but significantly correlated with IL-6 levels. Unexpectedly, IL8 was significantly below normal in T2D and IL6/IL8 ratio was significantly higher in T2D patients. Unlike other tested markers, uPAR was in addition strongly correlated with insulin levels and HOMA-IR index.

Conclusions

Raised levels of IL6, TREMI, IL6/IL8 ratio, and the strong positive correlation of plasma levels of uPAR with IL-6, insulin, and HOMA-IR index, are reliable spectators of chronic inflammation in T2D patients. The reduced level of IL-8 in T2D was a peculiar observation that needs further explanation. Finally, the consequences and impact of the sustained rise of these inflammatory regulators in diabetic tissues need to be meticulously explored.
Simulating the impact of influencing factors over attenuation in fiber optics
Authors: Soni Priya , Dhayal Sardul Singh , Vinita
Published: February 2023

Optical fiber transmission capacity is a solution that can fulfill the community’s bandwidth demands, which are on the rise owing to the extensive use of the Internet and cellular communications in contemporary society. It has been observed that fiber optic transmission is influenced due to attenuation. The present research is considering various factors that are responsible for attenuation. In present work 1310 nm and 1550 nm fibers are used for simulation. Simulation has been performed in MATLAB environment using signal distortion, multipath distortion, and attenuation in fiber optics according to increasing distance. Simulation is also considering attenuation in fiber optics with respect to joints for wavelength.
New bat records for altitudinal Atlantic Forest in Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Vela-Ulian Carina Maria , Ditchfield Albert David , Srbek-Araujo Ana Carolina
Published: February 2023

We report two new bat records for Espírito Santo State (Brazil), increasing the local list to 88 species. Two individuals of Myotis izecksohni were collected with mist net, while Molossops temminckii was identified from bioacoustic recordings. Both species were recorded in the Serra do Caparaó region, characterized by high-altitude Atlantic Forest, located in the southwest portion of Espírito Santo State. With these new records, the state is now home to 48.6% of the chiropterofauna known to Brazil.
Causal relationships between cryptocurrencies: the effects of sampling interval and sample size
Authors: Köse Nezir , Ünal Emre
Published: February 2023

For this paper, the relationship between seventeen popular cryptocurrencies was analyzed by multivariate Granger causality tests and simple linear regression, using data spanning the period 1 September 2020 to 8 December 2021. The novelty of this work is that it studies the effects of sampling interval and sample size in cryptocurrency markets, which can yield significantly different results. Minute-by-minute, hourly and daily data were collected to examine the Granger causality relationship between cryptocurrencies. It was found that all the currencies demonstrated a significant causality relationship when high frequency (such as minute-by-minute) data was used, in contrast to hourly and daily data. The bigger the sample size, the higher the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis. Hence, the null hypothesis for the Granger causality test can be rejected for minute-by-minute time series data because of too large a sample size. Granger causality test results for hourly and daily data indicated that Bitcoin, Ethereum Classic, and Neo were leading indicators among the cryptocurrencies included in the research. In addition, according to simple linear regression analysis, the short term marginal effect of Bitcoin plays an important role by creating significant impacts on other cryptocurrencies.
The TRB burial site at Markowice, Poland: preliminary insights and prospects for future work
Authors: Adamczak Kamil , Kowalski Łukasz , Zawilski Paweł , Wilczyński Jarosław , Borowska Beata , Kozicka Magdalena , Małecka-Kukawka Jolanta
Published: February 2023

In 2018, excavations at Markowice in central Poland produced sound evidence for the uptake of the Baden Culture in the region: the remains of a young male interred with two cattle drawing a funerary sledge were unearthed, along with several other Funnel Beaker (TRB) inhumations that date to 3500–3100 BC.
Ribosomes in RNA Granules Are Stalled on mRNA Sequences That Are Consensus Sites for FMRP Association
Authors: Anadolu Mina N. , Sun Jingyu , Kailasam Senthilkumar , Chalkiadaki Kleanthi , Krimbacher Konstanze , Li Jewel T-Y. , Markova Teodora , Jafarnejad Seyed M. , Lefebvre Francois , Ortega Joaquin , Gkogkas Christos G. , Sossin Wayne S.
Published: February 2023

Local translation in neurons is partly mediated by the reactivation of stalled polysomes. Stalled polysomes may be enriched within the granule fraction, defined as the pellet of sucrose gradients used to separate polysomes from monosomes. The mechanism of how elongating ribosomes are reversibly stalled and unstalled on mRNAs is still unclear. In the present study, we characterize the ribosomes in the granule fraction using immunoblotting, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and ribosome profiling. We find that this fraction, isolated from 5-d-old rat brains of both sexes, is enriched in proteins implicated in stalled polysome function, such as the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and Up-frameshift mutation 1 homologue. Cryo-EM analysis of ribosomes in this fraction indicates they are stalled, mainly in the hybrid state. Ribosome profiling of this fraction reveals (1) an enrichment for footprint reads of mRNAs that interact with FMRPs and are associated with stalled polysomes, (2) an abundance of footprint reads derived from mRNAs of cytoskeletal proteins implicated in neuronal development, and (3) increased ribosome occupancy on mRNAs encoding RNA binding proteins. Compared with those usually found in ribosome profiling studies, the footprint reads were longer and were mapped to reproducible peaks in the mRNAs. These peaks were enriched in motifs previously associated with mRNAs cross-linked to FMRPin vivo, independently linking the ribosomes in the granule fraction to the ribosomes associated with FMRP in the cell. The data supports a model in which specific sequences in mRNAs act to stall ribosomes during translation elongation in neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurons send mRNAs to synapses in RNA granules, where they are not translated until an appropriate stimulus is given. Here, we characterize a granule fraction obtained from sucrose gradients and show that polysomes in this fraction are stalled on consensus sequences in a specific state of translational arrest with extended ribosome-protected fragments. This finding greatly increases our understanding of how neurons use specialized mechanisms to regulate translation and suggests that many studies on neuronal translation may need to be re-evaluated to include the large fraction of neuronal polysomes found in the pellet of sucrose gradients used to isolate polysomes.
In VivoPhotoadduction of Anesthetic Ligands in Mouse Brain Markedly Extends Sedation and Hypnosis
Authors: McKinstry-Wu Andrew R. , Wasilczuk Andrzej Z. , Dailey William P. , Eckenhoff Roderic G. , Kelz Max B.
Published: February 2023

Photoaffinity ligands are best known as tools used to identify the specific binding sites of drugs to their molecular targets. However, photoaffinity ligands have the potential to further define critical neuroanatomic targets of drug action. In the brains of WT male mice, we demonstrate the feasibility of using photoaffinity ligandsin vivoto prolong anesthesia via targeted yet spatially restricted photoadduction of azi-m-propofol (aziPm), a photoreactive analog of the general anesthetic propofol. Systemic administration of aziPm with bilateral near-ultraviolet photoadduction in the rostral pons, at the border of the parabrachial nucleus and locus coeruleus, produced a 20-fold increase in the duration of sedative and hypnotic effects compared with control mice without UV illumination. Photoadduction that missed the parabrachial-coerulean complex also failed to extend the sedative or hypnotic actions of aziPm and was indistinguishable from nonadducted controls. Paralleling the prolonged behavioral and EEG consequences of on targetin vivophotoadduction, we conducted electrophysiologic recordings in rostral pontine brain slices. Using neurons within the locus coeruleus to further highlight the cellular consequences of irreversible aziPm binding, we demonstrate transient slowing of spontaneous action potentials with a brief bath application of aziPm that becomes irreversible on photoadduction. Together, these findings suggest that photochemistry-based strategies are a viable new approach for probing CNS physiology and pathophysiology.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPhotoaffinity ligands are drugs capable of light-induced irreversible binding, which have unexploited potential to identify the neuroanatomic sites of drug action. We systemically administer a centrally acting anesthetic photoaffinity ligand in mice, conduct localized photoillumination within the brain to covalently adduct the drug at itsin vivosites of action, and successfully enrich irreversible drug binding within a restricted 250 µm radius. When photoadduction encompassed the pontine parabrachial-coerulean complex, anesthetic sedation and hypnosis was prolonged 20-fold, thus illustrating the power ofin vivophotochemistry to help unravel neuronal mechanisms of drug action.
Unspoken Legacies of Fascism in Italy
Authors: Cammelli Maddalena Gretel
Published: February 2023

As Italy marked the hundredth anniversary of Mussolini’s March on Rome, the leader of a post-fascist party became prime minister for the first time since World War II. Yet this was not a sudden resurgence; the legacies of fascism have permeated Italian society and politics for decades, taking shifting forms—not only on the far right.
Reconstructing the Nuclear Peace
Authors: Nehring Holger
Published: February 2023

Protests against NATO’s plans to station US missiles on European soil created a crisis for the alliance in the last years of the Cold War. An account of the complicated bargaining among the United States and its European allies at that time has striking parallels with the present.
Europe’s Energy Dilemma
Authors: Siddi Marco
Published: February 2023

An energy crisis has unfolded in the European Union since the autumn of 2021. The crisis has worsened due to Russia’s attack on Ukraine and climate change. The EU reacted by launching the REPowerEU agenda, which aims at cutting imports of Russian fossil fuels by diversifying trade partners, increasing energy efficiency, and accelerating the energy transition. But there are complications, especially European countries’ quest for new and more polluting fossil fuel supplies in the short run, which contradicts the EU’s green ambitions.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SrLaLiTeO6 DOUBLE PEROVSKITES
Authors:   Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, HALIZAN M. Z. M. , YAHYA A. K. ,   Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, IBRAHIM N. B. ,   Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, IBRAHIM N. ,   Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, MOHAMED Z. ,   Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

In this study, SrLaLiTeO6 compound was synthesized using solid-state method, and its morphology and magnetic properties were investigated for the first time. The Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data showed that the compound crystallized in monoclinic symmetry (P21/n space group) and the formation of Li–O–Te bonds in the compound were confirmed using infrared spectroscopy. The morphological study exhibited rough grain formation on the compound. AC magnetization measurement at different frequencies in the range of 200–500 Hz showed that this compound had magnetic paramagnetic transition to spin glass (SG) as the temperature decreased from room temperature to 20 K. For the SG value, p = 0.13 was calculated at the temperature range 70–80 K, which indicates that this compound may possess cluster glass or superparamagnetic properties instead of conventional SG.
RNA‐mediated heterochromatin formation at repetitive elements in mammals
Authors: Stamidis Nikolaos , Żylicz Jan Jakub
Published: February 2023

The failure to repress transcription of repetitive genomic elements can lead to catastrophic genome instability and is associated with various human diseases. As such, multiple parallel mechanisms cooperate to ensure repression and heterochromatinization of these elements, especially during germline development and early embryogenesis. A vital question in the field is how specificity in establishing heterochromatin at repetitive elements is achieved. Apart fromtrans‐acting protein factors, recent evidence points to a role of different RNA species in targeting repressive histone marks and DNA methylation to these sites in mammals. Here, we review recent discoveries on this topic and predominantly focus on the role of RNA methylation, piRNAs, and other localized satellite RNAs.
Saturated fatty acids increase LPI to reduce FUNDC1 dimerization and stability and mitochondrial function
Authors: Chen Linbo , Zhang Qianping , Meng Yuanyuan , Zhao Tian , Mu Chenglong , Fu Changying , Deng Caijuan , Feng Jianyu , Du Siling , Liu Wei , Geng Guangfeng , Ma Kaili , Cheng Hongcheng , Liu Qiangqiang , Luo Qian , Zhang Jiaojiao , Du Zhanqiang , Cao Lin , Wang Hui , Liu Yong , Lin Jianping , Chen Guo , Liu Lei , Lam Sin Man , Shui Guanghou , Zhu Yushan , Chen Quan
Published: February 2023

Ectopic lipid deposition and mitochondrial dysfunction are common etiologies of obesity and metabolic disorders. Excessive dietary uptake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) causes mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disorders, while unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) counterbalance these detrimental effects. It remains elusive how SFAs and UFAs differentially signal toward mitochondria for mitochondrial performance. We report here that saturated dietary fatty acids such as palmitic acid (PA), but not unsaturated oleic acid (OA), increase lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) production to impact on the stability of the mitophagy receptor FUNDC1 and on mitochondrial quality. Mechanistically, PA shifts FUNDC1 from dimer to monomer via enhanced production of LPI. Monomeric FUNDC1 shows increased acetylation at K104 due to dissociation of HDAC3 and increased interaction with Tip60. Acetylated FUNDC1 can be further ubiquitinated by MARCH5 for proteasomal degradation. Conversely, OA antagonizes PA‐induced accumulation of LPI, and FUNDC1 monomerization and degradation. A fructose‐, palmitate‐, and cholesterol‐enriched (FPC) diet also affects FUNDC1 dimerization and promotes its degradation in a non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse model. We thus uncover a signaling pathway that orchestrates lipid metabolism with mitochondrial quality.
Vibrio natriegens genome‐scale modeling reveals insights into halophilic adaptations and resource allocation
Authors: Coppens Lucas , Tschirhart Tanya , Leary Dagmar H , Colston Sophie M , Compton Jaimee R , Hervey William Judson , Dana Karl L , Vora Gary J , Bordel Sergio , Ledesma‐Amaro Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

Vibrio natriegens is a Gram‐negative bacterium with an exceptional growth rate that has the potential to become a standard biotechnological host for laboratory and industrial bioproduction. Despite this burgeoning interest, the current lack of organism‐specific qualitative and quantitative computational tools has hampered the community's ability to rationally engineer this bacterium. In this study, we present the first genome‐scale metabolic model (GSMM) of V. natriegens. The GSMM (iLC858) was developed using an automated draft assembly and extensive manual curation and was validated by comparing predicted yields, central metabolic fluxes, viable carbon substrates, and essential genes with empirical data. Mass spectrometry‐based proteomics data confirmed the translation of at least 76% of the enzyme‐encoding genes predicted to be expressed by the model during aerobic growth in a minimal medium. iLC858 was subsequently used to carry out a metabolic comparison between the model organism Escherichia coli and V. natriegens, leading to an analysis of the model architecture of V. natriegens' respiratory and ATP‐generating system and the discovery of a role for a sodium‐dependent oxaloacetate decarboxylase pump. The proteomics data were further used to investigate additional halophilic adaptations of V. natriegens. Finally, iLC858 was utilized to create a Resource Balance Analysis model to study the allocation of carbon resources. Taken together, the models presented provide useful computational tools to guide metabolic engineering efforts in V. natriegens.
25-hydroxyvitamin D level is associated with greater grip strength across adult life span: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Fox Fabienne A U , Koch Lennart , Breteler Monique M B , Ahmad Aziz N
Published: February 2023

Objective

Maintaining muscle function throughout life is critical for healthy ageing. Although in vitro studies consistently indicate beneficial effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) on muscle function, findings from population-based studies remain inconclusive. We therefore aimed to examine the association between 25-OHD concentration and handgrip strength across a wide age range and assess potential modifying effects of age, sex and season.

Methods

We analysed cross-sectional baseline data of 2576 eligible participants out of the first 3000 participants (recruited from March 2016 to March 2019) of the Rhineland Study, a community-based cohort study in Bonn, Germany. Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the relation between 25-OHD levels and grip strength while adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking, season, body mass index, physical activity levels, osteoporosis and vitamin D supplementation.

Results

Compared to participants with deficient 25-OHD levels (<30 nmol/L), grip strength was higher in those with inadequate (30 to <50 nmol/L) and adequate (≥50 to ≤125 nmol/L) levels (ßinadequate = 1.222, 95% CI: 0.377; 2.067, P = 0.005; ßadequate = 1.228, 95% CI: 0.437; 2.019, P = 0.002). Modelling on a continuous scale revealed grip strength to increase with higher 25-OHD levels up to ~100 nmol/L, after which the direction reversed (ßlinear = 0.505, 95% CI: 0.179; 0.830, P = 0.002; ßquadratic = –0.153, 95% CI: –0.269; -0.038, P = 0.009). Older adults showed weaker effects of 25-OHD levels on grip strength than younger adults (ß25OHDxAge = –0.309, 95% CI: –0.594; –0.024, P = 0.033).

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the importance of sufficient 25-OHD levels for optimal muscle function across the adult life span. However, vitamin D supplementation should be closely monitored to avoid detrimental effects.
RESEARCH OF CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERLESS RESONANT CHARGER OF CAPACITARY STORAGE DEVICE
Authors:   Insitute of Pulse Processes and Technologies of NAS of Ukraine, pr. Bohoyavlenskii, 43a, Mykolaiv, 54018, Ukraine, Vinnychnko D.V. , Nazarova N.S. ,   Insitute of Pulse Processes and Technologies of NAS of Ukraine, pr. Bohoyavlenskii, 43a, Mykolaiv, 54018, Ukraine, Vinnychenko I.L. ,   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, pr. Heroiv Ukrainy, 9, Mykoliv, 54007, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Electromagnetic processes in a high-voltage transformerless resonant device for charging capacitor are analyzed. The dependences of the output voltage and charging current on the relative load and the quality factor of the resonant circuit are obtained. The nature of the change in output voltage depending on the quality factor and relative load ratio is analyzed. Simulation of the researched converter operation is carried out. References 11, figures 6.
MODIFICATION OF THE MASTER GENERATOR METHOD USED FOR FREQUENCY AND VOLTAGE CONTROL IN ISOLATED POWER SYSTEMS WITH PARALLEL OPERATING AC GENERATORS
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Peremohy Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Mazurenko L.I. , Dzhura O.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Peremohy Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Shykhnenko M.O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Peremohy Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Kotsiuruba A.V. ,   Ivan Chernyakhovsky National Defense University of Ukraine, Povitroflotsky Ave., 28, Kyiv, 03049, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Such methods as droop method, curve shifting method and master-slave method were primarily developed for voltage and frequency regulation in isolated power systems with synchronous generators. In modern power systems induction generators, regulated dump loads, energy storage devices with AC/DC and AC/DC/AC power converters, etc. are used in addition to synchronous generators. The investigation of new configurations of power systems is closely tied with further development of control methods for load sharing and regulation of voltage and frequency of the systems. The article reviews simple-to-implement known control methods used for control of isolated power systems with parallel operated synchronous generators and proposes a modification of the master-slave method for control of power systems with parallel operated synchronous and induction generators, static var compensators, dump loads and energy storage devices with interface power converters. The system “Hydroelectric unit with a synchronous generator - dump load - hydroelectric unit with an induction generator - compensating capacitors - transformer – AC local load" is considered and two techniques for regulation of electric frequency and voltage magnitude in the specified system are presented with accordance to the statements of the proposed modified method. The proposed control algorithm of the dump load frequency controller is in agreement with the control algorithm of the speed controller of the master unit. The functions assigned to the electronic PID speed controller of the master unit are to maintain the electric frequency in the system equal to nominal value and regulate the active power sharing. Verification of the proposed control algorithms for isolated electric power systems was carried out. References 23, figures 5, table 1.
INFLUENCE OF THE NUMBER OF ROTATION WINDING PHASES ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF ELECTRIC MACHINE WITH THREE DEGREES OF FREEDOM ROTOR
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Petukhov І.S. , Кireyev V.G. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Akinin К.P. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Lavrinenko V.A. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

The structure of an electric machine with a rotor, which has three degrees of freedom of rotation (EMTR) and consists of external and internal magnetic circuits, is considered. Between them, in the air gap of a spherical configuration, there is an m-phase rotation winding and a control winding. The excitation of the magnetic field in the EMTR is carried out by means of permanent magnets located on the external magnetic circuit. The scope of application of EMTP in systems of stabilization, observation, tracking, where the rotor performs the function of a gyro-stabilizing element, is outlined. Taking into account the structure of the considered EMTR, the absence of eddy currents in the design and the suitability of the mathematical model of the static magnetic field are substantiated. The calculation of the torque of the EMTR with two- and three-phase rotational windings at different angles of rotor’s inclination relative to the stator axis has been performed. It is shown that the rotation torque of the three-phase winding is 20% higher than that of the two-phase winding. A signifi-cant influence of the control winding on the torque of the three-phase winding and approximately the same influence of the two- and three-phase rotation windings on the processional torque with a significant value of the rotor inclination angle are noted. References 7, figures 8, tables 1.
ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC VIBRATION DRIVE WITH PULSE POWER SUPPLY OF VIBRATOR COILS
Authors:   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Heroiv Ukrainy Ave., 9, Mykolaiv, 54007, Ukraine, Cherno O.O. , Hurov A.P. ,   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Heroiv Ukrainy Ave., 9, Mykolaiv, 54007, Ukraine, Ivanov A.V. ,   Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Heroiv Ukrainy Ave., 9, Mykolaiv, 54007, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Vibrating equipment provides various technological processes, such as transportation, separation, compaction of mixtures. The electromagnetic drive is usually used in vibrating conveyors, feeders and other devices where vibration parameters are automatically controlled. Increasing the energy efficiency of such devices is an important task. The paper examines the influence of the power supply voltage on the energy characteristics of the electromagnetic vibration drive and determines the most effective voltage form. To do this, an analysis of factors affecting the efficiency of the drive was carried out. It was found that one of the factors is the time interval between the maximum current and the minimum value of the air gap, and increasing the efficiency is possible by reducing this interval by forming bipolar rectangular voltage pulses with maximum amplitude, which create narrow sharp pulses of the vibrator coil current. As a result of the numerical modeling of the processes in the drive, it was found that with increasing power, current pulses cause short-term deep saturation of steel, which leads to increased losses and reduced efficiency. Therefore, a zero voltage interval was added between the positive and negative voltage pulses, which limits the peak current values. The simulation of the processes in the vibration drive with the voltage supply of the proposed form was carried out, its energy characteristics were calculated: the dependence of the efficiency on the frequency at different load values, the dependence of the maximum values of the efficiency on the power. It was established that the use of pulsed power supply makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the drive up to 80% in the power range from 0.25 of the nominal value to the nominal one, which is on average 10% more compared to sinusoidal voltage. The dependences of frequency and zero voltage interval optimal values (according to the criterion of maximum efficiency) on power, which can be used in automatic control of the drive, have been obtained. References 10, figures 9, tables 2.
Teachers’ views on the role of economic and management sciences in preparing learners for accounting in the Further Education and Training Phase
Authors: Ngwenya Jabulisile C. , Nzuza Siyacela
Published: February 2023

With this study we explored teachers’ views on the role of economic and management sciences (EMS) in preparing learners for accounting in the Further Education and Training (FET) Phase. A qualitative research approach was employed along with the interpretivist paradigm to underpin the study. We used a qualitative case study approach to allow for an in-depth understanding of the views of the teachers by talking to them directly. Semi-structured individual and focus-group interviews were used as data collection methods. Participants in the study included 5 Grade 9 EMS teachers and 5 Grade 10 accounting teachers who were conveniently and purposively sampled from 5 secondary schools. A thematic analysis approach was adopted to analyse the interview responses. The findings of the study reveal that teachers understood that EMS was an integrated subject. However, Grade 9 teachers struggled to teach EMS in an integrated manner and this hampered the teaching of financial literacy. The challenges in teaching EMS are aggravated by the lack of relevant pedagogical strategies, the lack of adequate knowledge of the subject and missing pertinent foundational content in the EMS curriculum and textbooks. As a result, learners enter the FET phase without being adequately prepared to study accounting in subsequent grades.
Membrane techniques for removal detergents and petroleum products from carwash effluents: a review
Authors: Awad Eman S. , Abdulla Siraj M. , Sabirova T. M. , Alsalhy Qusay F.
Published: February 2023

One of the most significant urban services is the carwash, which generates large amounts of wastewater containing a variety of pollutants, including sand, gravel, suspended solids, surfactants, oil products, diesel cleaners, etc., that may cause environmental pollution when transferred to the sewage system without any treatment. The effective treatment is crucial to prevent environmental pollution as well as to recycle the water source. Contaminants are removed from carwash effluent using a variety of treatment technologies. This review focuses on identifying and comparing efficiency of using advanced commercial and modified membrane filtration techniques, meeting discharge standard regulations, to treat carwash impurities, especially detergents/surfactants (anionic surfactant) and petroleum products (oil/grease). The results of this review indicate that ultrafiltration membrane (UF) is the most common membrane filtration technology for carwash wastewater treatment. Additionally, the adoption of traditional pre-treatment processes may be advantageous before utilization of membrane process for treating carwash wastewater; although conventional treatment processes can produce a high quality of effluent, they are less effective than membrane systems.
Electrochemical detection of simple alkanes by utilizing a solid-state zirconia-based gas sensor
Authors: Kalyakin Anatoly S. , Volkov Alexander N.
Published: February 2023

Solid-state gas sensors composed of complex oxide electrolytes offer great potential for analyzing various atmospheres at high temperatures. While relatively simple gas mixtures (H2O+N2, O2+N2) have been successfully studied by means of ZrO2-based sensors, the precise detection of more complex compounds represents a challenging task. In this work, we present our findings regarding the analysis of lower alkanes (CH4, C2H6, and C3H8) mixed with nitrogen as an inert gas, utilizing an amperometric ZrO2-based sensor. This sensor, serving as an electrochemical cell with a diffusion barrier, was tested at 500–600 °C to measure the limiting current, which depends on the gas composition and can be further used as a basis for calibration curves. In addition, the diffusion coefficients of the specified gas mixtures were successfully found and compared with references, confirming the applicability of the fabricated sensor for studying diffusion processes in wide concentration and temperature ranges.
Synthesis, computational study, solvatochromism and biological studies of thiazole-owing hydrazone derivatives
Authors: Yadav C. Kiran , Nandeshwarappa B.P. , Mussuvir Pasha K.M.
Published: February 2023

In the present work, we have synthesized thiazole-hydrazone conjugates 5(a–h) and characterized them using various analytical techniques such as UV, IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. Solvatochromic properties were evaluated in ten solvents with different polarity and quantum chemical parameters using a DFT study. The antibacterial activity results revealed that compounds 5c, 5d and 5g exhibited good efficacy and that the remaining compounds displayed significant activity. The synthesized compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, and all the synthesized compounds exhibited significant potency towards the screened cancer cell lines. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the synthesized thiazole derivatives was determined against MMP-2 and MMP-9, and some of the compounds showed significant activity. Furthermore, the in silico molecular docking was performed with the COX-2 receptor.
What’s Reality Got to Do with It? Wittgenstein, Empirically Informed Philosophy, and a Missing Methodological Link
Authors: Eriksen Cecilie
Published: February 2023

“Don’t think, but look!” (Wittgenstein 2009: § 66). This insistient advice has served as methodological inspiration for several influential thinkers in the broad range of ‘empirically informed’ philosophy, which has flourished over the last decades. There is, however, a worrisome tension between Wittgenstein’s work and these turns to practices, history, science, field work, and everyday life: Wittgenstein is in general doing something different from what the thinkers who claim to be inspired by him are doing. An argument for the legitimacy of the move from Wittgenstein to empirically informed philosophy is so far missing in the literature. This article shows how this move can be justifiable within a Wittgensteinian frame, philosophically beneficial, and at times even necessary.
LITERATURA INDÍGENA: ENTRE MEMÓRIAS
Authors: CARVALHO ELIANA MÁRCIA DOS SANTOS , SANTOS RENATA LOURENÇO DOS
Published: February 2023

RESUMO: O presente texto retrata escritores indígenas brasileiros e sua caminhada para se efetivarem enquanto produtores de conteúdo. A pesquisa se deu por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica e audiovisual sobre os movimentos indígenas, sociais, políticos e culturais, especialmente com artigos e textos escritos por estes povos. Esse percurso foi fundamental para traçar um histórico das comunidades, associando o caminho de garantia de direitos ao desenvolvimento da literatura indígena. Trazendo as vozes dos indígenas para confirmar os fatos, o artigo demonstra que tal literatura pode ser desenvolvida de forma coletiva ou pessoal, e que independente disso sempre faz referência a todo povo, a toda ancestralidade. Também se justifica como escritos da memória oral onde descrevem suas vivências entre indígenas e brancos, na busca pelo conhecimento e pelo reconhecimento.
ENSINOS DE CIÊNCIAS INSURGENTES: AMBIENTALIZANDO CIÊNCIAS E EDUCAÇÕES
Authors: MOLANO JAVIER GIOVANNY SÁNCHEZ , ALMEIDA ROSILÉIA OLIVEIRA DE
Published: February 2023

RESUMO: O tecido textual corresponde a uma revisão crítica, cuja primeira versão fundamentou as análises e discussões relacionadas às experiências de campo produzidas em uma pesquisa qualitativa (SÁNCHEZ MOLANO, 2020) em instituições escolares da periferia de uma metrópole latino-americana. No caminhar pelo texto, estaremos acompanhados pelas Epistemologias do Sul, cujas ideias-força darão consistência ao fio argumentativo, em relação às proposições sobre ciências contra-hegemônicas, ciências contemporâneas, ambientalismo latino-americano e à noção de ecologia de saberes, bem como aos ensinos de ciências que podem ser ancorados nessas proposições. Avança-se na compreensão da prática científica a partir dos postulados do pragmatismo epistemológico e do pluralismo metodológico, que seriam complementares às perspectivas educacionais inspiradas na interculturalidade crítica e na educação ambiental insurgente. Com base no exposto, são propostas atualizações nomenclaturais no campo dos ensinos de ciências, mais condizentes com olhares emancipatórios projetados desde a América Latina.