bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VEGETATION AND CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE SOUTHERN URALS IN THE LATE GLACIAL AND HOLOCENE DERIVED FROM POLLEN RECORD OF LAKE BOLSHOE MIASSOVO1
Authors: Nigamatzyanova G. R. , Frolova L. A. , Nigmatullin N. M. , Yusupova A. R. , Nurgaliev D. K.
Published: April 2024

A spore-pollen analysis of a 526 cm sediment core retrieved from Lake Bolshoe Miassovo, Southern Urals, was carried out. The obtained data made it possible to reconstruct the vegetation cover in the lake’s catchment area and the climatic situation of the region for 13 400 cal yr BP, which significantly expands and complements the paleogeographic chronicle of the Southern Urals. It was found that in the range of 13 400–12 700 cal yr BP in the conditions of a relatively warm and dry climate of Allerød, periglacial forest-steppe formations were widespread in the studied region. Steppe herb communities and birch-pine sparse woodlands with spruce grew on open landscapes. The pine degradation and replacement of spruce with more cold-resistant larch was most likely caused by a cooling in the period of 12 700–11 700 cal yr BP, which corresponds to the Younger Dryas. The periglacial forest-steppe formations are replaced by birch forests since 11 700 cal yr BP. The significant changes in the vegetation cover of the lake’s catchment area indicate warming and humidification of the climate at the beginning of the Holocene. The dominance of birch forests in the interval of 11 300–10 300 cal yr BP, probably, corresponds to the second half of the Pre-Boreal period. The distribution of pine and spruce in the range of 10 300–8300 cal yr BP indicates a warming of climatic conditions in the Boreal period. Since 8400 cal yr BP the proportion of broad-leaved species in the tree stand increases. The broad-leaved species cover reached its peak between 6000–4500 cal yr BP at the end of the Atlantic - the beginning of the Sub-Boreal period (Holocene climatic optimum). Some cooling of the climate was observed in the range of 4500–2000 cal yr BP, which presumably corresponds to the Sub-Boreal and the beginning of the Sub-Atlantic period. The birch forest with spruce and broad-leaved species grew in the lake’s catchment area. Some aridization and warming of the climate in the Sub-Atlantic period in the range of 1800–1000 cal. yr BP led to an increase in the role of pine and a reduction of spruce in the area around the lake. Since 1800 cal yr BP the vegetation of the territory adjacent to Lake Bolshoe Miassovo was similar to the modern one: pine-birch forests with an admixture of dark coniferous and broad-leaved species prevailed on the territory.
RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL CHANGE OF THE WHITE SEA IN THE LATE GLACIAL AND HOLOCENE: CASE STUDY OF THE SREDNYAYA TRET’ LAKE, EASTERN COAST OF THE GORLO STRAIT4
Authors: Repkina T. Yu. , Kublitskiy Yu. A. , Leontiev P. A. , Gurinov A. L. , Vakhrameeva E. A. , Losyuk G. N. , Shilova O. S. , Lugovoy N. N.
Published: April 2024

The relative sea-level changes for the time interval of ~12.1–9.1 ka cal BP were reconstructed on the eastern coast of the Gorlo Strait using the results of paleolimnological, GPR and geomorphological analyses conducted in the basin of the Srednyaya Tret’ Lake (7.3 m a.s.l., 66.014009° N, 41.086294° E), as well as UAV surveying of the lake surroundings. Bottom sediments of the lake were studied from the four core sections and correlated with each other according to the results of GPR data interpretation. Lithostratigraphic descriptions of bottom sediment cores, grain-size and diatom analyses, radiocarbon dating (AMS), determination of LOI, Corg content and Corg /Norg ratio were performed. We present the reconstruction of the coastlines at heights of 4–5 and 12–15 m formed by currents and/or wave processes within the lower Ruch’i River valley and Srednyaya Tret’ Lake according to field observations and interpretation of space images. As a result, the position of the relative sea-level and the chronology of the Late Glacial (Younger Dryas) transgression and the early stages of the Holocene (Tapes) transgression were refined. Late glacial transgression finished earlier than ~12.1 ka cal BP, and its relative level was probably no higher than 15 m a.s.l. After a deep regression, the relative sea-level approached the modern again ~9.5 ka cal BP, and at the Tapes transgression maximum (~9.1 ka cal BP) it was near the lake runoff threshold (∼5 m). Though the coastline was near the lake basin, sea waters never entered the lake. Sands, carried by the wind, accumulated in the part of the basin facing the coast. The the Srednyaya Tret’ Lake basin was gradually filled by fresh water according to the results of diatom analysis.
DEVELOPMENT OF A REFERENCE TRANSECT BASED ON GPR DATA FOR WETLANDS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF THE ONEGA LOWLAND2
Authors: Ryazantsev P. A. , Ignashov P. A.
Published: April 2024

The post-glacial development of the Lake Onega coast, together with modern processes, creates conditions for the formation of complex coastal ecosystems that may be vulnerable to possible climate change and anthropogenic impacts. Such systems include wetlands extending along the eastern and southern coasts of Lake Onega. The area of a special interest is near the mouth of the Andoma River, as it combines the influence of the riverbed processes of a large river, the dynamics of the coast of Lake Onega, and peat lands development. The aim of the research was a detailed study of the structure of the Holocene deposits in the lake-river interval on the northern bank of the Andoma River, which reflects the stages of formation and variability of the natural conditions of the lakeside lowland. A reference transects including 4,800 m long GPR profile, supplemented with boreholes was created. The complex study of GPR cross-section and peat cores revealed the internal structure of the peat bog. A plateau-like uplift of the mineral base of the bog, framed by rupture zones with accompanying watercourses, was found. This area is considered as a deformation formed because of glacial dislocations or because of neotectonic deformations. Besides the main structural elements, local erosion incisions accompanied by sandy deposits, which could be confined to the buried paleochannels of the Andoma River, were found at the top of the limno-alluvial sediments. Analysis of the complex transect together with a vegetation description showed a difference in biological and environmental conditions zones, which contribute to biological diversity of the study site. In the future, the reference transects development provides a basis for the initial identification of vulnerabilities and long-term monitoring of the ecological transformation of ecosystems.
LATE GLACIAL AND HOLOCENE HISTORY OF LAKE BOLSHOE MIASSOVO (SOUTHERN URALS) BASED ON DIATOM ANALYSIS OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS1
Authors: Valieva E. A. , Frolova L. A. , Palagushkina O. V. , Nigmatullin N. M. , Nigamatzyanova G. R. , Nurgaliev D. K.
Published: April 2024

Bottom sediments are the most important “archive” containing information about the development of lake ecosystems. One of the most reliable and widely used methods of studying bottom sediments is diatom analysis (Juze et al., 1949). Currently, it is part of a group of guiding methods used to reconstruct the historical dynamics of the environment and climate (Rudaya et.al., 2012; Palagushkina et.al., 2018). In this work, the history of development of Lake Bolshoe Miassovo (Southern Urals) reconstructed using the taxonomic composition of diatoms found in the 526 cm long sediment core is presented. The maximum age of the sediments in the column was 13 500 years BP. According to the results of the study, 123 taxa of diatoms belonging to 47 genera were identified in the lake sediments. Diatom analysis of the bottom sediments of the studied lake allowed us to identify the main stages of the evolution of the reservoir during the Late Glacial and Holocene. During ~13 200–11 700 yr BP, in the period of a cool climate, the lake was a deep body of water with a constant water level and an extensive zone of shallow waters overgrown with macrophytes; then ~11 700–8500 cal. years BP against the background of cooling, the water level decreased; from ~8500–4600 cal. years BP was the stage of increasing water level in the lake in a warmer and wetter climate; in the period ~4600–2500 cal. years BP there was an increase in productivity of algal communities; during ~2500–800 cal. years BP against the background of decreasing temperature, a deep lake with low mineralized water, and presence of swampy shallow waters with acidification processes in them is finally formed.
БУДІВНИЦТВО ТА ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ РЕСТОРАННОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА: ПРОЦЕСНО-ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ ПІДХІД
Authors: ПІДЛИПНИЙ Юрій , ЧАЙКОВСЬКИЙ Валерій
Published: April 2024

Статтю присвячено аналізу можливостей застосування процесно-інноваційного підходу до проєктування та будівництва підприємств ресторанного господарства з використанням сучасних програмних засобів. Запропоновано організовувати проєктно-будівельні роботи з використанням процесного підходу, який ґрунтується на системному баченні об’єкта будівництва та забезпечує функціональну спрямованість проєктних і будівельних процесів. Доведено, що використання інноваційних технологій інформаційного моделювання будівель, САПР та АСУБ оптимізує процеси  проєктування та будівництва за рахунок максимізації ефективності використання інформаційних потоків. З’ясовано, що використання сучасного програмного забезпечення дозволяє формувати візуалізовані концептуальні рішення. Показано, що аналітичне моделювання дозволяє інженерам взаємодіяти з віртуалізованими моделями для внесення концептуальних характеристик будівельного об’єкту. Запропоновано здійснювати концептуалізацію дизайну в середовищі ArchiCAD для врахування пропозицій щодо конструктивності, оптимізації витрат та вибору будівельних матеріалів. Виявлено, що об’ємно-планувальне вирішення повною мірою відповідає функціональному призначенню підприємства ресторанного господарства, а конструктивні рішення будівлі забезпечують технологічні та економічні вимоги щодо ефективної експлуатації проєктованого об’єкту. Подальші дослідження запропоновано здійснювати у напрямку розвитку автоматизованих інформаційних систем управління проєктно-конструкторськими розробками та напрацювання вітчизняного Банку інноваційних проєктних і будівельних рішень.
АСПЕКТИ РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛІННЯ НАВЧАННЯМ ВОДІЇВ АВТОТРАНСПОРТНИХ ЗАСОБІВ
Authors: ЯРЕМКО Світлана
Published: April 2024

У статті розглянуто особливості систем управління навчанням; досліджено характеристики відомих систем, які використовуються для навчання водіїв автотранспортних засобів, а також їх функціонал; проаналізовано досвід впровадження систем управління навчанням водіїв автотранспортних засобів в Україні та розвинутих країнах світу.

В результаті проведених досліджень встановлено, що сучасні системи управління навчанням є важливим інструментом для вдосконалення якості освіти, забезпечення гнучкості та сприяння взаємодії між учасниками навчального процесу, а впровадження таких систем є необхідною складовою професійної підготовки та атестації, що дозволить забезпечити коректність та безпеку дорожньо-транспортної обстановки.
UN-LEARNING THE ANTHROPOCENE: AN ECOFEMINIST READING OF URSULA K. LE GUIN’S THE LEFT HAND OF DARKNESS
Authors: Iganej Fatemeh , Vafa Amirhossein
Published: April 2024

In the twenty-first century, environmental issues and climate change
have found their way into mainstream discourse, wherein ecofeminism can act
as a transformative project. The subversive and visionary science fiction of
Ursula K. Le Guin, in The Left Hand of Darkness (1969), with its focus on gender
and nature, has imaginatively cleared the road for the reader to conceive an
alternative to the world of capitalist modernity, a world that has led to the
subjugation of women and nature not only for those experiencing modernity
within the so-called West, but also for those—the Rest of us—at the periphery
of this fragile world order. In order to tackle the dehumanization of women and
the degradation of the natural world, Le Guin, while highlighting the impacts of
the Anthropocene in her own world, deconstructs and rethinks the dualistic
hierarchies, through her narrative world, which contribute to oppression,
domination, and the reification of male dominance. In this article, we approach
The Left Hand of Darkness as a fictional forum whereby the audience is given
the chance to reinterpret and reflect on their relationship with nature against the
backdrop of the unprecedented ecological crises we face today. Our ecofeminist
reading of the novel foregrounds Le Guin’s treatment of the nonhuman Other in
her speculative narrative world, and sheds light on our angst about the current
geological epoch known as the Anthropocene.
PENGARUH PERPUTARAN MODAL KERJA, PERPUTARAN PERSEDIAAN DAN RETURN ON EQUITY TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA
Authors: Erawati Teguh , Hanifah Rizka Nur
Published: April 2024

Era industri yang makin maju perusahaan manufaktur dituntut untuk semakin meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan untuk mencapai tujuan kompetitifnya. Perusahaan dalam memaksimalkan laba yang dicapai harus terus menyusun strategi dan upaya agar para investor menginvestasikan dana sebagai modal perusahaan. Studi ini berupaya mengumpulkan bukti empiris mengenai faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat pertumbuhan laba suatu perusahaan manufaktur.Variabel terikat pada penelitian ini adalah pertumbuhan laba dengan tiga variabel bebas yaitu perputaran modal kerja , perputaran persediaan  dan return on equity. Seluruh perusahaan manufaktur di BEI tahun 2018 hingga 2021 merupakan populasi dari penelitian. Purposive sampling digunakan sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel dan menggunakan data sekunder. Terdapat 284 data sampel dari 71 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria. Analisis regresi linier berganda digunakan untuk menganalisis data dengan menggunakan aplikasi olah data statistik. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya perputaran modal kerja memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan laba, perputaran persediaan dan return on equity tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan laba,
RPTOR Is an Alzheimer’s Disease Susceptibility Gene Associated with the Risk Factors Body Mass Index and Infectious Encephalitis
Authors: Lehrer Steven , Rheinstein Peter H.
Published: April 2024

Background:

In comparison to persons who did not have viral encephalitis, people with viral encephalitis had a later-life risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that was 31 times higher. In a previous study, we were able to confirm the association of viral encephalitis with AD and suggest that West Nile Virus infection is a significant AD risk factor. A genome wide association study (GWAS) with UK Biobank data revealed that the gene RAR Related Orphan Receptor B (RORB) is significantly associated with viral encephalitis.

Objective:

To use data from the 8 PheWeb datasets to try to identify genes other than RORB that might be involved in both infectious encephalitis and AD.

Methods:

PheWeb includes data from UKBB and 5 other databanks. We used UK Biobank data to examine gene expression and phenotypic expression.

Results:

PheWeb identified additional genes associated with both infectious encephalitis and AD. RPTOR, a gene associated with the mTOR pathway, emerges as significant. Analyses of UK Biobank data reveal the impact of RPTOR on AD risk, with carriers of the minor allele A exhibiting decreased prevalence in subjects under age 55. Further analysis demonstrates that RPTOR genotypes influence body mass index (BMI) in subjects of all ages, with carriers of the minor allele A having lower BMI. Logistic regression analyses confirm the association between reduced BMI and increased AD risk, along with the established factor of age.

Conclusions:

RPTOR may represent an AD gene, though mTOR’s role in AD and BMI is complex. Nevertheless, RPTOR and mTOR could represent potential therapeutic targets for AD.
Episodic Memory Loss: When Alzheimer’s Disease Is Not the Answer
Authors: García-Roldán Ernesto , Tsai Richard , Berger Amy , Franco-Macías Emilio
Published: April 2024

A 60-year-old man presented to a Neurology Clinic specialized in cognitive disorders to evaluate memory complaints. A comprehensive neuropsychological examination detected an isolated and severe hippocampal memory deficit. Laboratory tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers, did not show remarkable results. Due to family history of cognitive impairment, we extended the study to non-Alzheimer monogenic mutations (Next Generation Sequencing) detecting a pathogenic variant of the progranulin (PGRN) gene (c.1414-1 G > T) which has been previously associated with the same phenotype. These results should be considered in patients with an Alzheimer-like presentation, negative AD biomarkers’ results, and family history of dementia.
Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease in the New Era of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Cerebral Amyloid-β: Pharmacological Prescription and Knowledge in Argentina
Authors: Cubas Guillen Jonathan , Rojas Galeno , Demey Ignacio , Sarasola Diego , Merchán del Hierro Xavier , Persi Gabriel , Aldinio Victoria , Pereira de Silva Nahuel , Fernández Boccazzi Julián , Seguí Josefina , Muniagurria Santiago , Gilbert Afra , Gatto Emilia
Published: April 2024

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) presents a significant global health challenge. Understanding the current and upcoming treatment landscape is crucial for effectively managing patients.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of prescription and knowledge about new therapies by physicians who treat AD patients in Argentina.

Methods:

A cross- sectional and analytic study was conducted. A survey was elaborated about pharmacological treatment in AD. Statistical analysis of answers of specialists in cognitive disorders (SCD), non-specialists in cognitive disorders (NSCD), recommended treatment, non-recommended treatment (NRT), and off-label treatment was performed.

Results:

155 physicians answered the survey. A 19.35%prescribed at least one NRT for dementia. 78.06%prescribed at least an off-label treatment or an NRT for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). 31%would prescribe monoclonal antibodies (MABs) against cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) to AD patients, and 42.6%responded that they were not aware of any adverse effect of these. Quetiapine was the most frequent treatment for psychotic symptoms (88.4%) and escitalopram (32.3%) for apathy. A 70%of potential prescribers of MABs ( n = 100) would request biomarkers of cerebral Aβ in the initial assessment. There were significant differences between the responses of SCD and NSCD regarding the prescription of MABs (52.17%versus 23.08, respectively) and knowledge about adverse events (76.09%versus 38.46%, respectively).

Conclusions:

A considerable percentage of physicians indicated NRT and off-label medication in MCI and dementia. In Argentina, there are many physicians who would indicate a MABs for AD, but many are not completely aware of its safety profile.
Future rescue management: Design specifications for a 5G-enabled emergency response information system
Authors: Bäßmann Felix N. , Lier Sarah K. , Werth Oliver , Krage Astrid , Breitner Michael H.
Published: April 2024

Today, access to real-time information from emergency scenes is still limited for emergency medical services, fire departments, and their professionals, also called first responders. Emergency Response Information Systems (ERISs) have recently been discussed in the literature as a potential solution to this problem. Using the Design Science Research (DSR) paradigm, we present a novel 5G-enabled ERIS (5G-ERIS) design that leverages 5G mobile network technologies to offer diverse real-time information. We provide a user-centered examination of design specifications for a 5G-ERIS based on a smart city digital twin. Based on literature and qualitative expert interviews with several first responders in Germany, we derive how emergency medical services and fire departments can improve their decision-making with this 5G-ERIS. Based on existing 5G application architectures, we structure our identified design specifications into four system layers. Our findings provide an essential knowledge base for the successful development, deployment, and long-term use of 5G-ERISs. We stimulate a broader discussion on the design objectives and specifications of 5G-ERISs in theory and practice.
Comparison of trunk muscle thickness and brightness in collegiate female athletes with and without a history of low back pain
Authors: Sekine Chie , Yokota Hirotake , Hirabayashi Ryo , Akuzawa Hiroshi , Ishigaki Tomonobu , Kikumoto Takanori , Edama Mutsuaki
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Trunk muscle thickness and brightness are associated with injuries.

OBJECTIVE:

This study compared trunk muscle thickness and brightness between female college athletes with and without history of low back pain.

METHODS:

15 sprinters, 22 volleyball-, and 18 basketball players, all females, were included. The participants were grouped based on the presence of low back pain. Short-axis ultrasound images of the rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and lumbar multifidus were obtained. The muscle brightness was calculated after selecting the region of interest for each muscle. Muscle thickness and brightness in both groups were compared.

RESULTS:

In sprinters, the right lumbar multifidus thickness was significantly thinner in the low back pain group (24.66 [Formula: see text] 2.98 mm) than in the healthy group (28.13 [Formula: see text] 2.84 mm). Volleyball and basketball players showed no significant differences in muscle thickness between the two groups for any muscle type. In volleyball players, the right transverse abdominis thickness is inclined toward thinness in the low back pain group than in the healthy group, but the difference was not significant. In all sports, there were no significant differences in muscle brightness between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Low back pain in female college athletes may not be related to trunk muscle thickness and brightness.
Deep learning techniques for monitoring speech and vision improvement in therapy patients using big data
Authors: Vimala S. , Valarmathi K.
Published: April 2024

This study proposes a novel method using hybrid CNN-LSTM networks to measure and predict the effectiveness of speech and vision therapy. Traditional methods for evaluating therapy often rely on subjective assessments, lacking precision and efficiency. By combining CNN for visual data and MFCC for speech, alongside LSTM for temporal dependencies, the system captures dynamic changes in patients’ conditions. Pre-processing of audio and visual data enhances accuracy, and the model’s performance outperforms existing methods. This approach exhibits the potential of deep learning in monitoring patient progress effectively in speech and vision therapy, offering valuable insights for improving treatment outcomes. The proposed system’s effectiveness is assessed by various performance metrics. The suggested system’s results are compared with those of other methods already in use. The study’s findings indicate that the suggested approach is more accurate than other existing models. In conclusion, this study offers important new information on how deep learning methods are being used to track patients’ progress in speech and vision therapy.
Application of space invariant artificial neural networks for network image interaction design
Authors: Ding Zongchao
Published: April 2024

The networks have achieved good results by using sparse connections, weight sharing, pooling, and establishing their own localized receptive fields. This work aims to improve the Space Invariant Artificial Neural Network approach and raise its recognition accuracy and convergence rate. Incorporating the continuous neural architecture into the Space Invariant Artificial Neural Network is the first step toward simultaneously learning the deep features of an image. Second, the skip convolution layer of ResNet serves as the foundation for developing a new residual module named QuickCut3-ResNet. A dual evaluation model is then developed to achieve the combined evaluation of the convolutional and complete connection process. Ultimately, the best network parameters of the Space Invariant Artificial Neural Network are determined after simulation experiments are used to examine the impact of various network parameters on the network performance. Results from experiments demonstrate that the Space Invariant Artificial Neural Network technique described in this research can learn the image’s varied characteristics, which enhances the Space Invariant Artificial Neural Network’s capacity to recognize images and extract features accurately.
Simulated and measured performance of the ISIS TS-1 Project target
Authors: Wilcox Dan , Gallimore Stephen , Probert Molly , Jones Leslie , Skoro Goran , Quintieri Lina , Densham Chris , Loveridge Peter
Published: April 2024

A new design of spallation target has been installed and operated at the first target station of the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source (ISIS TS-1), as part of the recently completed “TS-1 Project”. Detailed Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations were used to guide the design process and predict target performance. Since the TS-1 Project target began operation in November 2022, operating data has been collected and used to validate the target simulation approach. Measured temperatures of 9 out of 10 target plates showed good agreement with FEA simulations of both steady-state and transient behaviour. However, the front target plate temperature was elevated compared to predictions. Because the installed target was now too radioactive to permit hands-on inspection, FEA simulations became an indispensable tool to understand the possible causes and safety implications of this anomalous behaviour. The anomalous elevated temperature appears to be highly localised; a combination of simulations and experiments indicates the mostly likely cause is poor thermal contact between the thermocouple and the bulk of the target plate. In all other respects the target is operating as predicted, and is running reliably at up to 120 kW.
Assessment of pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms among INDIAN textile sizing mill workers
Authors: Subramaniam Shankar , Ganesan Abbas , Raju Naveenkumar , Rajavel Nithyaprakash , Chenniappan Maheswari , Prakash Chander , Pramanik Alokesh , Basak Animesh Kumar
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Textile-sizing mill workers are exposed to various hazards in the sizing units during their working hours and are at risk of acquiring lung impairments due to the usage of sizing chemicals in the sizing process. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study is to assess the influence of cotton dust and sizing agents on lung function and breathing difficulties among Indian textile sizing mill workers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out at a textile-sizing mill from August 2022 to September 2022. A modified questionnaire based American Thoracic Society’s standard was used to assess respiratory symptoms among sizing mill workers and the pulmonary function test was conducted Spirometry. The chi-square test was used to find the difference between respiratory symptoms and the t-test was used to find the difference between spirometric parameters. RESULTS: Textile sizing mill workers showed significant (P < 0.0001) decline in peak expiratory flow rate, forced vital capacity (FVC), ratio of FEV1 and forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). There was an association between symptoms and duration of exposure to pulmonary abnormality. Sizing mill workers showed a significant decline in lung functions and an increase in pulmonary symptoms. As the service duration of exposure in terms of years increased, respiratory symptoms increased and spirometric abnormality also increased. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that sizing agents such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), emulsifier, wax, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and starch used in sizing mills are also responsible for respiratory illness and lung impairment among textile workers.
Understanding Moral Injury and Its Predictors among Chinese Physicians
Authors: Shao Rongqing , Wang Yu , Worthington Roger
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Moral injury - the betrayal of one's moral and professional values - is a negative factor affecting physicians' wellbeing, however, few studies have examined moral injury and its predictors in healthcare professionals. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of moral injury in Chinese physicians.

METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted from September 14 to October 27, 2023, in mainland China. A total of 549 physicians completed the online self-administered questionnaire through the WeChat app. The 10-item Moral Injury Symptom Scale-Health Professional (MISS-HP) was used to assess the severity of moral injury symptoms, and the Moral Injury Events Scale (MIES) was used to measure exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs).

RESULTS: The results of the study showed a mean score of 42.07 (SD=13.67) for the ten-item MISS-HP，the prevalence of moral injury among the physicians was 31.6%. The multiple linear regression identified five main predictors of moral injury: exposure to PMIEs, poor job satisfaction, lack of organizational support, witnessing patient suffering or death, and mental health needs.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings contribute to the understanding of risk factors for moral injury among physicians and highlight the importance of intervening to help mitigate the risk factors. This is because moral injury can negatively affect the wellbeing of healthcare professionals, which in turn affects the stability of the healthcare team and the quality of care.
Fan Culture: From Consumption of the Mass to Creation of the Popular
Authors: Hurova Inna
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of fan culture, analysing its evolution from passive consumption of mass culture products to active creation of popular culture. Research methodology. General scientific methods were used: analysis and synthesis – to interpret fan studies and consider contemporary scientific discourse. The comparative method was used to compare the features and characteristics of fan cultures and to show the difference between fans and fanatics. The historical method was used to show the evolution of fan culture. The scientific novelty lies in the identification of the essence of fan cultures and their contribution to the creation of contemporary popular culture, fan cultures and their contribution to the creation of contemporary popular culture. Conclusions. It has been established that, in a broad sense, fan culture is a specific way of life of fans of a particular cultural phenomenon or a carrier of a particular cultural tradition. In a narrower sense, fan culture is not a homogeneous entity with the same characteristics, so the term "fan culture" is used to refer to a number of different groups of fans who have united around a common interest in a particular mass cultural product. It is proved that the emergence of fan communities as groups of joint creativity of fans of literary works, television series, comics, computer games and other mass culture products has become a vivid phenomenon of popular culture creation. It finds that the intensive development of digital technologies has contributed to the transfer of fan communication to the Internet and the emergence of media fandom as a fan community in the digital age. The digital practices of media fandom are found to contribute to the expansion and enrichment of cultural diversity and creativity, adding new meanings, interpretations, genres, and styles to the creation of contemporary popular culture.
Features of Spain's Foreign Cultural Policy
Authors: Doskich Liudmyla
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to determine the conceptual features of Spain's foreign cultural policy based on the analysis of legal documents and communication activities of cultural institutions. Research methodology. The most important results were the generalisation and systematisation of facts based on various documents, the study of which was carried out with the help of cognitive and content analysis. The institutional and communication approach helped to consider the system of foreign cultural diplomacy based on the presentation of the activities of a number of relevant organizations using the structural-functional method. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the analysis of the experience of Spain's implementation of the main principles of foreign cultural policy. Conclusions. Currently, in relation to foreign cultural policy, Spain adheres to European principles: the country has a fairly developed legal framework and an effective mechanism for promoting its culture. The Spanish experience in the implementation of cultural policy is not unique, but it can be considered successful, in particular with regard to the creation of separate institutions, the main activity of which is aimed exclusively at promoting information about the country, its history, culture, and language. Official documents outline the significance of the country's foreign cultural policy as an independent direction of activity. The analysis of documents also makes it possible to follow the evolution in the implementation of cultural policy and its impact on various spheres of society, the effectiveness and success of its provisions. The stages of the formation of the cultural sector as an independent one, in accordance with the adopted documents and the activities of the institutions, testify to the relationship between them and the continuity of the principles on which they are based.
Dance Culture in Search of the Ways of Personality Spirituality
Authors: Savchyn Liliia
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the expediency of searching for ways of personal spirituality. The research methodology is based on the use of methods of analysis, synthesis, and specification. An analysis of the search for the ways of the individual's spirituality was carried out, outlining which ones, there are prospects for solving cross-cutting issues of cultural, aesthetic, intellectual, and physical content. Synthesis, as a scientific method, made it possible to systematise the patterns of relationships between dance culture and the essential basis of the spirituality of the individual. The concretisation method directed research in the direction of reconstruction of the multifacetedness of dance culture in the personality-process-culture system. The scientific novelty we parallelise the understanding of dance first of all with plastic expressiveness and scientific pulsation, because dance demonstrates meaning mostly in movements, rather than in words with a content full of culturally significant information. The specified thesis can be substantiated by various aspects, namely by the spirituality of the individual against the background of which the trajectory of semiotics, linguistics, symbolism, phenomenology, and textology should be considered. Conclusions. The text of the article can be used in the preparation of lecture material on professional disciplines (history of art, culture, methodology): choreography, music education. Mastering the dance culture of cheerleading promotes interest in the artistic and aesthetic priorities of young people and their spiritual motivation for the harmony of life creativity. That is why it is important to understand the dance culture as a truly important trend that contributes to the individual's approach to self-improvement and understanding of one's own significance in society. The work claims to use a creative approach in practical teaching activities, which will qualitatively affect the final result on the path of the individual's spirituality.
Diversification of Tourist Activities as A Resource for Development of Socio-Cultural Sphere of Local Communities
Authors: Shevchenko Nataliia
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work is to research and substantiate the directions of tourist activity, filling with new forms and a new understanding of types of tourism that have potential for the development of the socio-cultural sphere of local communities. The research methodology consisted of the principles of a complex of general scientific methods and approaches, in particular, sociocultural and polysystemic analysis, systematisation of materials and generalisation, which make it possible to identify resources of interaction of touristic and sociocultural spheres for the development of local and regional tourism activities. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the expansion of ideas about the prospects of diversification of tourist activities in territorial communities, the development of tourist routes and destinations as types of socio-cultural space, the change of approaches to the assessment of the natural and tangible and intangible cultural heritage of each of the regions of our country. Conclusions. Identifying the priorities of innovative tourist and socio-cultural activities in the consumer market of regional tourist products, contributes to the emergence of new tourist and recreational facilities that emphasise local identity; optimisation of the processes of involving broad segments of the population in cooperation with various cultural communities; development of strategies related to long-term forecasting of the development of territories of local communities.
Oleh Tymoshenko’s Institutional Development and Management From Mono-Unit to University-Type Higher Institution
Authors: Dats Iryna
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to examine the conditions of Oleh Tymoshenko’s institutional development and management from a mono-unit to a university-type higher institution. The research methodology constitutes fundamental methods of scientific research, namely: source studies, theoretical-analytical, historical, and the method of generalisation. The article clarifies the concepts of institutional development of culture, music education, art schools, and music education on the example of scientific and educational activities and administrative work of the rector O. Tymoshenko. The obtained results made it possible to better understand the processes taking place in the cultural environment of Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The article reveals the process of institutional evolution of music education at the Kyiv Conservatory during the rectorate of O. Tymoshenko. The study chronicled the main stages of formation and development of the Conservatory as a leading institution of music education in the socio-historical, cultural and artistic processes of Ukraine, and also revealed the place and role of the Academy in the formation of the modern national system of music education. Conclusions. Using institutional principles, the method of involving leading Ukrainian theatre artist, expansion of specialties and areas of educational activity, the Kyiv Conservatory acquired the status of Academy. The integration processes that took place between universities, cultural institutions, and international institutions were implemented due to O. Tymoshenko’s organisational and managerial qualities. Despite the unpopular managerial steps, he was able to preserve and ensure the functioning of the opera studio, and due to close ties with theatre institutions, the studio repertoire policy was restored and expanded. It is difficult to overestimate the long-term contribution and hard work of Oleh Tymoshenko in the context of historical and cultural changes in the formation of Ukrainian statehood and national art.
The impact of digital transformation on cultural and leisure activities of Ukrainian open-air museums in the first quarter of the XXI century
Authors: Pozniak Artem
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify changes in the cultural and leisure activities of open-air museums in Ukraine through the prism of digital transformation, to characterise the activities of open-air museums in new cultural and social conditions. The research methodology provides general scientific principles of systematisation and generalisation, which made it possible to analyse and determine aspects of the transformation of the cultural and leisure activity of open-air museums in the field of digitalisation. The purpose and tasks of the publication also determined the application of an axiological approach, which made it possible to determine the role of open-air museums in the implementation of cultural and leisure activities and their transformational manifestations through the prism of digitalisation. The application of the analytical method contributed to the delineation of the conceptual foundations of further scientific perspectives for the study of the cultural and leisure activities of open-air museums in the XXI century and the analysis of the impact of digital transformation on the cultural and leisure activities of open-air museums in the first quarter of the century. The principles of objectivity and reliability formed the methodological basis for analysing the impact of digitalisation and the transformation of cultural and leisure activities in the period under study. The scientific novelty consists in outlining the aspects of the cultural and leisure activity of open-air museums in Ukraine under the influence of the digital transformation of the cultural sphere, determining the future prospects of the researched issues. Conclusions. Thanks to digitalisation processes, the number of interactive museum programs and projects is increasing, which makes visiting open-air museums and getting to know their cultural and leisure activities more accessible to the public. At the same time, their accounts in social networks, the use of online tours with electronic accompanying material, audio guides, QR codes and other devices that help in recognising and assimilating information to users are widespread and developing. However, the transformation of the manifestation of cultural and leisure activities of open-air museums in the XXI century has its negative and positive aspects. But the digitisation of museum collections is a reliable way to preserve works of culture and traditions for the future.
Creative industries as a component of modern culture
Authors: Galyuk Svyatoslav
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the work. After analysing the production of a cultural and artistic product by means of television and cinematography, to substantiate scientific approaches to the study of creative industries in Ukraine. The research methodology is based on the use of an interdisciplinary approach, historical-cultural, generalising, and systemic methods, analytical, comparative, and cultural methods, which will enable a multi-vector consideration of the proposed issues and the formulation of well-founded conclusions. The scientific novelty is characterised by the fact that for the first time the problem of the essence and functioning of creative industries in Ukraine and beyond is considered in the context of their development within the television and film industries. Conclusions. It has been established that the development of creative industries in Ukraine requires in-depth study, consistent and gradual, careful adaptation of foreign experience, in particular, in the field of production and distribution on the consumer market of cultural and artistic products created by means of cinematography and television.
Heroisation as a phenomenon of modern media cultur
Authors: Holoborodko Oleh
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the phenomenon of heroisation based on the analysis of the theoretical and practical discourse of modern media culture. Research methodology. The method of theoretical research, analytical method, terminological analysis method, structural-functional method, phenomenological method have been applied. Scientific novelty. Heroisation as a phenomenon of modern media culture has been studied. The understanding of the heroic in the Ukrainian media culture of the beginning of the 21st century has been updated. On the basis of the analysis of the theoretical and practical discourse, characteristic features of heroisation in media culture have been revealed. The stages and strategies of heroisation have been analysed, while the place and role of the subjects of heroisation have been considered. Conclusions. Characteristic of the process of heroisation is the attribution of specific heroic qualities to the heroised figure and with reference to achievements, attitudes, or actions. Attribution and media communication of heroic deeds or heroic qualities is usually implemented by means of "heroic media narrative". The subjects of the heroisation process are the hero himself, thier supporters or opponents, and the audience watching the heroisation. In modern theoretical discourse, different phases of heroisation are distinguished: the initial approval of the hero; a phase of positive (in the form of admiration and respect) or negative (rejection and demonisation) resonance; the consolidation phase through cultural practices; deheroisation, which includes all processes that lead to the loss or deprivation of the status of a hero. Typical strategies of heroisation in media culture are peripetia, agony, anthropomorphisation, and concentration of action, as well as a number of strategies based on heroic semantics specific to a certain period and culture.
Cultural Diffusion in Modern Cultural Discourse
Authors: Shahan Tetiana
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of cultural diffusion as a phenomenon of the sociocultural space based on the analysis of the cultural discourse of the first decades of the 21st century. Research methodology. An analytical method, a terminological analysis method (to clarify the concept of "cultural diffusion"), a systemic method (to consider cultural diffusion as a complex multifaceted system), a comparative analysis method (to identify differences in the mechanisms and types of cultural diffusion), and a generalisation method were applied. Scientific novelty. On the basis of the analysis of the modern cultural discourse, the peculiarities of the phenomenon of cultural diffusion in the socio-cultural space were revealed; the factors affecting cultural diffusion were considered, the process and influence of cultural diffusion were investigated; analysed four types of cultural diffusion (direct, indirect, forced and stimulus diffusion), theories and models explaining the mechanisms and results of cultural diffusion. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the scientific works of modern foreign researchers on the theory of cultural diffusion, it was found that this phenomenon means the spread of cultural objects (ideas, styles, religions, technologies, languages, fashion) within or between cultures and gained popularity in the 20th century thanks to the theory of the famous anthropologist A. Kreber. Scientists identify three mechanisms (the theory of diffusion of innovations, hierarchical diffusion model, contagious diffusion model) through which cultural diffusion occurs and four main types (direct, indirect, forced and stimulating diffusion), which are distinguished by specific processes of spread and rooting in new environments. The study of cultural diffusion is a promising direction of cultural studies, as it contributes to the understanding and comprehension of the intricate network of influences and borrowings that form the modern socio-cultural space.