bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etnociência Kaingang
Authors: Gaudêncio Jéssica da Silva , Rodrigues Sérgio Paulo Jorge , Foggiatto Silveira Rosemari Monteiro Castilho , Martins Décio Ruivo
Published: December 2020

Muitos são os relatos e descrições registrados em documentos históricos relacionados com o conhecimento que os indígenas brasileiros tinham e ainda têm sobre os domínios da natureza. O uso do prefixo “etno” compreende conceitos como comportamentos, linguagem, mitos e toda uma simbologia própria pertencente a um contexto social e cultural. Assim, muitos são os conhecimentos etnocientíficos presentes nas mais diversas etnias indígenas, sustentando inúmeros temas de pesquisas acadêmicas. Deste modo, este artigo tem como objetivo destacar os conhecimentos provindos das atividades historicamente registradas em específico para a etnia indígena Kaingang. Respeitando a crença Kaingang da forte relação do mundo natural com o espiritual, utilizou-se a metodologia de revisão sistemática de literatura chamada Methodi Ordinatio para selecionar os artigos mais recentes sobre a temática, além de contemplar os documentos históricos considerados pioneiros da literatura Kaingang.
Notícias de infâncias na Ditadura Militar
Authors: Lazarotto Aline Fatima , Fávero Arend Silvia Maria
Published: December 2020

O jornal Folha d’Oeste foi o principal periódico a circular durante a Ditadura Militar, na região Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil), com amplo alcance na época. No presente artigo investiga-se, a partir da análise do discurso, como as crianças foram notícias nas edições do referido jornal publicadas entre 1966 e 1970. Na primeira parte do artigo foi explorado a materialidade da fonte na tentativa de verificar o contexto de sua produção. Na outra parte buscou-se conhecer como o discurso jornalístico contribuiu para a construção social das infâncias das diferentes camadas sociais.
The Role of Local Governments in Driving High-Quality Growth in the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Ahmad Ehtisham , van Rijn Hans
Published: December 2020

Over the past 25 years, the People’s Republic of China has gone through a long period of remarkable growth, lifting millions of people out of poverty. But this focus on growth has come at a cost, particularly in terms of environmental degradation, increasing socioeconomic and spatial inequalities, and the building up of fiscal liabilities at the local government level. Under the High-Quality Growth agenda, the People’s Republic of China seeks to rebalance the economy by addressing those negative side effects, and local governments will have a key role to play in the implementation of that agenda. In this paper, some critical aspects of the fiscal and institutional environment in which local governments operate are analyzed, and proposals are offered for the strengthening of local government finances.
The mediating role of institutions in the remittance-growth relationship: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Adekunle Ibrahim , Williams Tolulope , Omokanmi Olatunde , Onayemi Serifat
Published: December 2020

This study examines the mediating role of institutions in the remittance-
growth relationship in Nigeria. We use autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)
estimation to establish the interaction of the variables of interest. The
short-run results reveal that remittance inflows positively influence
growth, probably due to the immediate injection of financial resources that
an increase in remittances brings about. This effect is reinforced by
improvements in regulatory quality. In contrast the long-run results reveal
that, over time, remittance inflows are negatively related to growth
probably due to adverse macroeconomic consequences, to a decrease in work
incentives, and a decline in the motivation for technological innovation.
However, the adoption of improved institutional environment is found to
offset the negative long-run effect of remittances on growth, at least to
some extent. Therefore, remittance receiving countries should improve the
design and enforcement of laws, regulatory quality, and control over
corruption, so that they can make best use of remittance inflows and other
sources of external financing needed to augment domestic productivity and
growth.
The domestic impacts and spillovers of capital controls
Authors: Zehri Chokri
Published: December 2020

The effectiveness of capital controls has still not been established, and if
they are indefinite they create distortions. This study uses quarterly data
on capital controls in 25 Asian and Latin American countries from 2000 to
2019. We present further evidence on the internal and multilateral impacts
of capital controls using a Panel VAR model with variance decomposition and
impulse-response function analysis. The results show that domestically,
capital controls, became more effective after the global financial crisis,
with more monetary policy autonomy and exchange rate policy stability.
Contrarily, these controls do not affect international reserve accumulation,
and a combination of policies, capital controls, and reserves is required to
assist governments? decisions. Internationally, capital controls cause
negative spillovers that require policy coordination between the countries
setting controls and those consequently receiving massive inflows.
Reactivity insertion accident analysis during uranium foil target irradiation in the RSG-GAS reactor core
Authors: Pinem Surian , Sembiring Tagor , Surbakti Tukiran
Published: December 2020

Analysis of the steady-state and reactivity insertion accident is very
important for the safety of reactor operations. In this study, steady-state
and reactivity insertion accident analysis when the low enriched uranium foil
target is irradiated in the reactor core has been carried out. The analysis
is carried out by the best estimate method by using a coupled neutronic,
kinetic, and thermal-hydraulic code, MTR-DYN. The MTR-DYN code is based on
the 3-D multigroup neutron diffusion method. The cell calculations for the
target are carried out by the WIMSD/5 and MTR-DYN code. After reactivity
insertion, the coolant, fuel, and clad temperature are observed. The
calculation results for the initial power of 1 W showed that the maximum
temperature of the coolant, clad, and fuel are 49.76?C, 65.01?C, and
65.26?C, respectively. Meanwhile, when the reactivity insertion at the
initial power of 1 MW, the maximum temperature of the coolant, clad, and fuel
are 72.23?C, 140.79?C, and 141.97?C, respectively. Based on those calculation
results during irradiation low enriched uranium foil target, the temperature
in the steady-state and reactivity insertion accident does not exceed the
allowable safety limit.
Optimization of HPGe detector response using fast and reliable method
Authors: El-Tayebany Rasha , Hazzaa Mohamed , Shaban Sameh , El Begawy Hekmat
Published: December 2020

Safeguards system with high effectiveness and efficiency must comprise a set
of measurements with capabilities satisfactory for the verification of
nuclear materials. In this paper, we present key parameter measurements of
detector modeling in a commercial n-type low energy germanium detector of
a planar crystal with a relative efficiency of nearly 15 %. The detector
optimization will hold a significant function in measuring nuclear
materials for safeguards application. Standard nuclear materials with
diverse enrichment (depleted and low enriched) of uranium and point-like
sources (137Cs, 60Co) and mixed radioactive source for Eu isotopes (152Eu,
154Eu, and 155Eu) were benefited to explore the energy resolution and
detector efficiency. The energy resolution is measured over a wide range
of rise time and flattop. In addition to the experimental work, the Monte
Carlo simulation code is used for modeling the setup configuration to obtain
the absolute efficiency at different energies. A fast and reliable method
was applied in detector efficiency measurements. The data are discussed and
interpreted.
The effect of specific emotions on conformity
Authors: Drace Sasa , Efendic Emir
Published: December 2020

Various factors can impact the level to which people conform to others. An important, yet unanswered question is how emotions could influence conformity levels. We predicted that specific emotions, which embody an underlying appraisal of uncertainty about the world, would lead people to feel more uncertain and subsequently more susceptible to others? influence. To test this hypothesis, participants (N = 78) induced to feel sad, happy or angry had to perform a highly ambiguous numeric estimation task. In half of the trials, participants were presented with additional estimates ostensibly provided by three other individuals, and were left free to use or disregard them when completing the task. As expected, participants in the sadness condition (an emotion associated with a low certainty appraisal) showed more conformity than those in the anger or happiness conditions (emotions associated with a high certainty appraisal). Taken together, our findings suggest that being in an emotional state characterized by uncertainty can increase people?s sensitivity to others? informational influences resulting in a higher level of conformity.
Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the islands and lagoons of northern Sri Lanka
Authors: Weerakoon Devaka , Goonatilake Sampath De A. , Wijewickrama Tharanga , Rajasuriya Arjan , Perera Naalin , Kumara Terney Pradeep , De Silva Gyan , Miththapala Sriyanie , Mallawatantri Ananda
Published: December 2020

After the 30-year long civil war was over, the Government of Sri Lanka commenced an accelerated programme to develop the Northern Province. If not carefully planned, such a programme will result in the loss of biodiversity and the consequent loss of services that ecosystems provide humans. Therefore, documenting the biodiversity found within coastal, nearshore and offshore islands of the Northern Province was identified as a need that would help both planners and conservation biologists alike. This report presents the results of a rapid biodiversity assessment of a 949 km stretch from Mannar to the Kokkilai Lagoon, including 22 coastal islands, five coastal stretches and four lagoons, extending across four districts (Jaffna, Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaittivu), 20 Divisional Secretariats Divisions and 264 Grama Niladhari Divisions. For terrestrial ecosystems, assessments were carried out during November 2015 and March 2016, and for marine surveys in the coastal waters of Palk Bay and Palk Strait, during November 2015 and March 2016.
The Market for Audit Services: The Role of Market Power
Authors: Gu Tracy Ti , Simunic Dan A. , Stein Michael T. , Ye Minlei , Zhang Ping
Published: December 2020

The market for audit services has been the subject of extensive academic research since the 1970s. The prevailing view is that audit markets are characterized by tiers of suppliers (Big 4 versus non-Big 4, and industry specialists versus non-specialists) where the upper tier suppliers produce and sell a systematically higher level of assurance, while competition among suppliers within tiers is essentially perfect and a uniform price prevails within the submarkets. We discuss three papers that challenge this orthodoxy. These papers argue and find that the price of an audit is essentially unique to each (auditor, client) pair and that this price depends on both audit firm size and client size. Furthermore, audit firm size is linked with the firm's capital investments, which enhance auditor efficiency and market power. We conclude that audit markets are atomistic and that local market power is an important determinant of audit prices and audit fees.
The Role of Private Disclosures in Markets with Weak Institutions: Evidence from Market Liberalization in China
Authors: Yoon Aaron S.
Published: December 2020

I use the announcement of a market liberalization pilot program in China as a shock to firms' disclosure environment and examine how Chinese firms, foreign investors, and foreign brokers respond. Using a proprietary dataset, I find that affected firms respond to the announcement by significantly increasing the number of selective private meetings hosted by major foreign brokers, but do not use public disclosure channels. I find this increase in private disclosure to be stronger among firms that had strong public disclosure track records and are in need of capital. Firms that increased private disclosure experience improvements in speed of price discovery and liquidity. In addition, they also experience an increase in foreign holdings and raise capital abroad through foreign brokers after the pilot program's implementation. Overall, this paper takes a yet-to-mature economy, presents evidence on dynamic shaping of disclosure, and highlights private disclosure as an important positive channel of communication.
Deciphering the Complex Communication Networks That Orchestrate Pancreatic Islet Function
Authors: Weitz Jonathan , Menegaz Danusa , Caicedo Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Pancreatic islets are clusters of hormone-secreting endocrine cells that rely on intricate cell-cell communication mechanisms for proper function. The importance of multicellular cooperation in islet cell physiology was first noted nearly 30 years ago in seminal studies showing that hormone secretion from endocrine cell types is diminished when these cells are dispersed. These studies showed that reestablishing cellular contacts in so-called pseudoislets caused endocrine cells to regain hormone secretory function. This not only demonstrated that cooperation between islet cells is highly synergistic but also gave birth to the field of pancreatic islet organoids. Here we review recent advances related to the mechanisms of islet cell cross talk. We first describe new developments that revise current notions about purinergic and GABA signaling in islets. Then we comment on novel multicellular imaging studies that are revealing emergent properties of islet communication networks. We finish by highlighting and discussing recent synthetic approaches that use islet organoids of varied cellular composition to interrogate intraislet signaling mechanisms. This reverse engineering of islets not only will shed light on the mechanisms of intraislet signaling and define communication networks but also may guide efforts aimed at restoring islet function and β-cell mass in diabetes.
HbA1c Change and Diabetic Retinopathy During GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Cardiovascular Outcome Trials: A Meta-analysis and Meta-regression
Authors: Bethel M. Angelyn , Diaz Rafael , Castellana Noelia , Bhattacharya Indranil , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Lakshmanan Mark C.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Long-term glycemic control reduces retinopathy risk, but transient worsening can occur with glucose control intensification. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) lower glucose, but the long-term impact on retinopathy is unknown. GLP-1RA cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) provide long-term follow-up, allowing examination of retinopathy outcomes.

PURPOSE

To examine the associations between retinopathy, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and weight in GLP-1RA CVOTs.

DATA SOURCES

Systematic review identified six placebo-controlled GLP-1RA CVOTs reporting prespecified retinopathy outcomes.

STUDY SELECTION

Published trial reports were used as the primary data sources.

DATA EXTRACTION

HbA1c, SBP, and weight data throughout follow-up by treatment group were extracted.

DATA SYNTHESIS

Random-effects model meta-analysis showed no association between GLP-1RA treatment and retinopathy (odds ratio [OR] 1.10; 95% CI 0.93, 1.30), with high heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 52.2%; Q statistic P = 0.063). Univariate meta-regression showed an association between retinopathy and average HbA1c reduction during the overall follow-up (slope = 0.77, P = 0.007), but no relationship for SBP or weight. Sensitivity analyses for HbA1c showed a relationship at 3 months (P = 0.006) and 1 year (P = 0.002). A 0.1% (1.09 mmol/mol) increase in HbA1c reduction was associated with 6%, 14%, or 8% increased Ln(OR) for retinopathy at the 3-month, 1-year, and overall follow-up, respectively.

LIMITATIONS

CVOTs were not powered to assess retinopathy outcomes and differed in retinopathy-related criteria and methodology. The median follow-up of 3.4 years is short compared with the onset of retinopathy.

CONCLUSIONS

HbA1c reduction was significantly associated with increased retinopathy risk in meta-regression for GLP-1RA CVOTs. The magnitude of HbA1c reduction was correlated with retinopathy risk in people with diabetes and additional cardiovascular risk factors, but the long-term impact of improved glycemic control on retinopathy was unmeasured in these studies. Retinopathy status should be assessed when intensifying glucose-lowering therapy.
Water jet guided laser microdrilling of aerospace alloys: Correlation of material properties to process time and quality
Authors: Subasi Levent , Diboine Jeremie , Gunaydin Aydemir , Tuzemen Cansinem , Ozaner Ozan Can , Martin Ronan
Published: December 2020

The hot section parts in a gas turbine are subject to high working temperatures and mechanical forces. In order to endure the harsh conditions, these parts are generally made of nickel-based superalloys. Furthermore, microholes are drilled on them to help with cooling by allowing the air to pass through. These holes increase the allowable working temperature and service life of the parts as well. Water Jet Guided Laser is a technology that can be conveniently used for microdrilling operations on aerospace jet engine parts. It is a hybrid process, in which a laser beam is coupled with and guided through a thin cylindrical water jet. Pressurized water provides focusing, cooling, and cleaning on the cut region, eliminating undesired side effects of the laser. The technology has many advantages over traditional laser machining, such as consistent focusing, burr-free cutting, minimized tapering, reduced heat affected zone, and recast layer. In this paper, using the Water Jet Guided Laser, variation in process time and quality are studied on different aerospace nickel-based superalloys. The results depend mainly on the thermophysical properties of the processed materials. The experimental results are compared with calculations and correlated to the material properties.
GESTÃO PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL: ESTUDO DE CASO DO CONSELHO MUNICIPAL DE DIREITOS DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA E ALTAS HABILIDADES DE PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Teixeira Silva Marco Aurelio
Published: December 2020

No Brasil, cerca de 45 milhões de pessoas possuem alguma deficiência, desse número, 26,5% são mulheres e 21,2% são homens (IBGE, 2010). Na cidade de Pelotas/RS para combater essas adversidades e ajudar a população deficiente foi criado em 1992 o Conselho Municipal de Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência e Altas Habilidades, o primeiro do estado do Rio Grande do Sul e segundo do Brasil. Dado o breve exposto, a presente pesquisa objetiva analisar como ocorre a atuação do Conselho Municipal de Direitos da Pessoa com  Deficiência e Alta Habilidade de Pelotas, visando à garantia dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência, bem como seu bem estar e qualidade de vida no município. Para tal, nosso estudo se concentra em um caráter qualitativo, no qual realizaremos uma investigação por meio entrevistas semiestruturadas à presidência do Conselho analisado. Assim, tendo como público-alvo as pessoas com deficiências da cidade de Pelotas, acreditamos que o conselho lhes garante/assegura seus direitos, proporcionando acesso à sociedade, por meio da garantia da inclusão social, familiar, acesso ao transporte, educação, saúde, prioridade em atendimento, segurança, acessibilidade, programas assistenciais, vagas no mercado de trabalho e etc. Por fim, ao longo da pesquisa, discorreremos sobre os problemas enfrentados pelo Conselho e sobre as mudanças na sociedade pelotense, visando direitos, cidadania e inclusão social da pessoa com deficiência.
Desafios e aprendizagens na “Gestão, Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da EaD”
Authors: Mallmann Elena Maria
Published: December 2020

O propósito é sistematizar reflexões em torno dos princípios políticos e operacionais da educação mediada por tecnologias educacionais em rede. Inicialmente, destaca-se as diretrizes das políticas públicas educacionais vigentes. Problematiza-se avanços e desafios da mediação pedagógica na educação a distância no contraponto com a dimensão democrática da educação aberta, com ênfase para os Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA). Apresenta-se exemplares de programas de formação de professores em formatos emergentes como os Small Open Online Courses (SOOC). Nesse contexto, argumenta-se que aprimorar e consolidar Fluência Tecnológico-Pedagógica (FTP) é essencial para ampliar condições de acesso, permanência e conclusão dos estudos com sucesso.
ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF A GENDER-SENSITIVE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architectural Design and Engineering, Kh. Pidlisetska , H. Hnat ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University Department of Architectural Constructions
Published: December 2020

The article considers aspects of the perception of space from the standpoint of gender, and their impact on the formation of a quality living environment. The results of a sociological study are presented, which indicate the existence of differences in the requirements for the formation of the urban environment of housing and the assessment of its qualities by men and women.
Tingkat Smartphone Addiction pada Penduduk di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Fathya Rita , Sari Kartika , Mawarpury Marty , Afriani Afriani
Published: December 2020

The use of smartphones is a basic necessity at this time, but excessive use can lead a bad impact, one of them is smartphones addiction. Smartphone addiction is a form of attachment to smartphones that allows social problems such as withdrawal and daily disturbance. This study aims to determine the level of smartphone addiction on society in Banda Aceh. Using a quantitative design with a survey method, the respondents of this study were 500 people, with sample collection techniques using unrestricted self-selected surveys. Research data collection was obtained using adaptation the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) by Kwon, dkk. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that the level of smartphone addiction in the population on Banda Aceh society not much different, there are 51.4% subjects with low smartphone addiction levels and 48.6% subjects with high smartphone addiction levels. Chi Square test results showed that there are several demographic variables that contributed to smartphone addiction level (p<0.05), age, education level, occupation, duration of smartphone use on single day, and frequency of smartphone check on single day.
Assessment of special populations: Interventions against women and children victims of violence
Authors: Gumilang Randi M. , Handari Sai
Published: December 2020

Assessment of Crucial Studies in an Effort to Protect Victims of Women's Opinions by the Integrated Service Center for Women and Children Empowerment (P2TP2A) as encouraging and focusing on problem assistance relating to women and children. The purpose of this study is to: (1) Describe and describe the use of assessment of interventions used by the Integrated Service Center for Women and Children Empowermen in East Kalimantan and; (2) Review the assessment of interventions used for women and children with special contributions by P2TP2A in East Kalimantan Province. This study uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews, observation and documentation in various P2TP2A work areas in East Kalimantan Province. Includes areas of Samarinda, Bontang, East Kutai Kutai Kartanegara. The results of this study, namely: 1) Assessment of interventions used in P2TP2A East Kalimantan Province consists of a combination that collects data that provides an overview of the case, service delivery process and service follow-up plans. The purpose of the assessment is to obtain an overview, process (formative) and outcome (summative). 2) The assessment used still consisted of conventional assessments that were widely adopted by P2TP2A in East Kalimantan. In some cases, there needs to be special handling, so the assessment used is based on the psychologist or medical history and other assessments that suit the needs of the client with special contributions.
Career planning for physical disability students
Authors: Nusantara Syafrudin Bayu , Barida Muya , Hestiningrum Erni , Nugraha Ariadi
Published: December 2020

Career Planning for Students with Physical Disabilities is crucial to be prepared. A good career planning picture must contain four aspects of career planning which consist of seeking information, understanding, making decisions, and career achievement. The purpose of this study was to explore in-depth career planning in students of the Special School for Physical Disabilities (SLB) 1 Yogyakarta. This study used a qualitative approach, with the type of case study research, the subjects in this study were two students with physical disabilities, the first subject had moderate cerebral palsy and the second subject experienced abnormalities in the muscle system and skin groups. (musculus skeletal system) spina bifida. Then the secondary sources are teachers and parents. The data collection technique used triangulation in the form of interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study concluded that the career planning of the two early TA and DI students had differences. TA has not been able to do career planning. Because in the search for information, understanding, decision making, and career skills, TA cannot do it. Meanwhile, DI is capable of career planning because DI can find career information, even though DI is still a little doubtful due to lack of confidence, DI career decision making can be even though it is still not effective in managing free time. DI career skills are said to be capable, even though DI does not attend any additional education (courses).
Group Counseling with Values Clarification Techniques to Increase Students' Respect
Authors: Gunawan I Made Sonny , Gunawan Made , Huda Khairul
Published: December 2020

Individuals must own respect because it can be an internal controller in making logical decisions to behave by moral values. This study aimed to confirm the effectiveness of the values clarification group counselling on respect. This study used a repeated measure experimental design. The subjects in this study were 10 students at SMK Negeri 2 Mataram who indicated having a low category of respect. Data were collected using a respectful attitude questionnaire. Data analysis used repeated measure statistics ANOVA. The results of this study indicate that values clarification group counselling is effective in increasing student respect. Students' understanding regarding respect is inseparable from how to create good relationships between students and teachers as a form of creating a healthy and conducive school climate.
The Role of Multiple Intelligence on Career Planning of Students in Public Vocational High School 3 Klaten
Authors: Hadi Abdul , Aryani Eka , Suwidagdho Dhanang
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of multiple intelligence on the career planning of students of SMK N 3 Klaten. This research uses qualitative research, with the type of field research (Field Research). The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. The research subjects were students and teachers of guidance and counseling at SMK N 3 Klaten. Data collection techniques in this study using interviews, observation and documentation. The data validity test used data triangulation which was carried out before entering the field, during the field, and after finishing in the field. The results of the study, among others, show that multiple intelligence has an important role in supporting the career planning process of students of SMKN 3 Klaten, the multiple intelligence learning model plays a role in career guidance services carried out by Guidance and Counseling teachers at SMKN 3 Klaten as well as career guidance and counseling services based on characteristics. Multiple intelligence is expected to be an alternative for students of SMK N 3 Klaten in determining the direction of career planning.
PENGARUH POLITICAL CONNECTIONS TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Kristanto Agustinus
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of political connections on firm performance, especially a non financial institutions. The sample in this study is a non-listed financial institutions in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2012, amounting to 304 companies. The dependent variable in this study is the ROE and Tobins'q. While the independent variable in this study is the proportion of independent directors who are politically connected and the proportion of managerial ownership has political relations, company size and type of company. The hypothesis was tested by multiple linear regression. From the tests, it was found the proportion of independent directors who have political ties have a negative effect on the financial performance of the company, while the proportion of managerial ownership has political ties have a negative effect on market performance.
China y el arte de la guerra (tecnológica)
Authors: Cesarin Sergio Marcelo , Balbo Gabriel
Published: December 2020

China se encamina a convertirse en una potencia tecnológica a mediados del siglo XXI. Este proceso se funda sobre cuatro pilares: sostenido incremento del presupuesto asignado al desarrollo científico-tecnológico, su directa vinculación con estrategias de innovación a fin de aumentar la productividad y sostener competitividad exportadora, creación e internacionalización de firmas tecnológicas, y expectativas gubernamentales por cerrar las brechas de conocimiento aún existentes que separan a China de competidores asiáticos y occidentales. A lo largo de cuatro décadas, las reformas pro mercado confirman esta senda de transformación y generación de capacidades en sectores tecnológicos de punta. La competencia estratégica con Estados Unidos acelera esta carrera y confirma objetivos sobre posicionamiento de firmas tecnológicas chinas como líderes en inteligencia artificial (IA), telecomunicaciones y redes 5G.
Paradiplomacia y Desarrollo Endógeno
Authors: Mesa Bedoya Juan Camilo
Published: December 2020

Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar una metodología para determinar la incidencia de la paradiplomacia en el desarrollo territorial. Por lo tanto, el diseño metodológico constituye la metodología planteada en sí misma y aplicada a un estudio de único caso, el de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, en el periodo 2000-2015. Tras este ejercicio es posible concluir que la metodología formulada puede ser parametrizada a cualquier caso de paradiplomacia. También fue posible concluir que el desarrollo de la ciudad de Medellín está vinculado en gran medida a su proceso de paradiplomacia.
Estado-empresas transnacionales: cambios en el régimen de solución de controversias inversor-Estado y redefinición de la soberanía a la luz de la protección de los derechos humanos
Authors: Bas Vilizzio Magdalena
Published: December 2020

En medio de la crisis de legitimidad del régimen de solución de controversias inversor-Estado, la dinámica de la relación Estado-empresas transnacionales impacta en tres áreas. En primer lugar, permea en la conducta de los Estados que, a posteriori de controversias emblemáticas o congelamiento normativo, abandonaron el régimen o propusieron acuerdos “balanceados”. Asimismo, la dinámica se retroalimenta con los casos concretos de controversias, especialmente aquellos que involucran temas de derechos humanos (medioambiente sano, salud pública, derecho humano al agua, etc.). Y, finalmente, se manifiesta en la transición hacia el nuevo concepto de soberanía (soberanía regulatoria), con base en la protección del espacio de política pública, cuyo centro es el derecho de regular, especialmente en materia de derechos humanos y otras áreas de interés público.
La necesidad de abandonar o reformular la Ley Modelo de Insolvencia Familiar en el abordaje del sobreendeudamiento de la persona humana
Authors: Galván Ezequiel Rodrigo
Published: December 2020

: La crisis económica consecuencia del COVID-19 expone la mora estatal en implementar medidas para abordar la situación de sobreendeudamiento de la persona humana, especialmente respecto de la protección de la dignidad de la persona y de su grupo familiar. Con este motivo, las iniciativas legislativas S-1061/20 y 3540-D-2020 con el patrocinio de algunas asociaciones de consumidores se presentan como una propuesta superadora, que en la práctica implica el reingreso al Congreso nacional de la Ley Modelo de Insolvencia Familiar de la Oficina para América Latina y el Caribe de Consumers International, la cual propone un abordaje con una concepción moralista del endeudamiento personal excesivo. Siendo que este enfoque tiene consecuencias en el alcance y contenido de la tutela, así como ignora la responsabilidad estatal y/o de los proveedores de crédito y financiación para consumo, se propone abandonar concepciones binarias del sobreendeudamiento (pasivo/activo), así como reformular estas iniciativas bajo el principio rector del respeto a la dignidad de la persona.
Hubungan Intertekstual Novel Candra Kirana dan “Tjerita Panji Angreni”: Perspektif Riffaterre
Authors: H.W. Muhammad Rosyid
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas hubungan intertekstual novel Candra Kirana karya Ajip Rosidi dengan "Tjerita Panji Angreni". Unsur apa saja dan bagaimana novel Candra Kirana memiliki hubungan intertekstual dengan "Tjerita Panji Angreni' sebagai teks hipogramnya adalah pertanyaan penelitian ini. Dalam menelaah hubungan intertekstual ini, penulis menggunakan teori intertekstual Michael Riffaterre yang menitikberatkan pada analisis isi dengan metode pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik. Temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa novel Candra Kirana menunjukkan hubungan intertekstual dengan Tjerita Panji Angreni melalui unsur tema, citra tokoh, dan alur cerita. Meskipun demikian, novel Candra Kirana juga mentransformasikan makna-makna progresif yang berbeda dengan "Tjerita Panji Angreni", seperti makna nasionalisme yang berupa cinta akan kerajaan, makna kesetaraan gender yang berupa kesetiaan laki-laki, keberanian, kekuatan, perjuangan dan ketidakpasrahan perempuan, makna kerakyatan dengan pelibatan tokoh utama dari kalangan rakyat dan makna religiusitas yang berbentuk dasar niat Panji dalam mencari pasangan hidup.[Intertextuality on Novel Candra Kirana and "Tjerita Panji Angreni": Riffaterres Perspective] This research aims to discuss the intertextuality of Candra Kirana novel by Ajip Rosidi with "Tjerita Panji Angreni". What elements and to what extend Candra Kirana novel has an intertextual relationship with Tjerita Panji Angreni as the hipogram text were the questions of this research. In examining this intertextual relationship, the writer used Michael Riffaterre's intertextual theory which focused on content analysis with heuristic and hermeneutic readings. The findings of this study were that the novel Candra Kirana showed intertextuality with the "Tjerita Panji Angreni" through elements of themes, character images, and story lines. Even so, Candra Kirana's novel also transformed progressive meanings that differ from the Tjerita Panji Angreni such as the meaning of nationalism in the form of love for the kingdom, the meaning of gender equality in the form of male loyalty, courage, strength, struggle and women's insecurity, the meaning of populist with engagement the main character of the people and the meaning of religiosity in the form of Panji's intention in finding a life partner.Keywords: intertextuality; novel; "Tjerita Panji Angreni"
Kuliner dan Identitas Keindonesiaan dalam Novel Pulang Karya Leila S. Chudori
Authors: Anantama Muharsyam Dwi , Suryanto Suryanto
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini mencoba meneroka anasir kuliner dalam novel Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori. Melalui pendekatan gastronomi sastra, penelitian ini menggali filosofi makanan yang dihadirkan da-lam novel Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori, bagaimana tokoh dalam novel memperlakukan kuliner, serta bagaimana representasi keindonesiaan yang ada dalam kuliner di novel tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data novel Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori. Unsur-unsur yang berhubungan dengan kuliner dalam novel Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori menjadi data dalam pe-nelitian ini dan dikumpulkan dengan teknik studi dokumen atau pustaka. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan model analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) makanan yang terdapat dalam novel Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori adalah satai kambing, kue putu, bir, kopi, pindang serani, dan nasi kuning. Kuliner-kuliner tersebut mengusung filosofi masing-masing; (2) tokoh dalam novel Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori begitu memuliakan makanan; (3) melalui kuliner, tokoh dalam novel menegaskan identitas kebangsaan mereka.Kata kunci: kuliner; novel;identitas bangsa[Culinary and Indonesian Identity in Leila S. Chudori’s Novel Pulang] This research tries to explore the culinary elements in Leila S. Chudori’s novel Pulang. Through a literary gastronomy approach, this research explores the food philosophy presented in the novel, how the characters in the novel treat culinary, as well as how the representations of Indonesian-ness in culinary in the novel. This research is a descriptive qualitative research using the novel Pulang as the data source. The elements related to culinary in the novel became the data in this study and were collected using document or literature study techniques. The data were then analyzed using the interactive analysis model. The results show that (1) the foods contained in Leila S. Chudori’s Pulang are satai kambing, putu cake, beer, coffee, pindang serani, and yellow rice. These culinary delights carry their respective philosophies; (2) the character in Pulang exalts food; (3) through culinary delights, the characters in the novel confirm their national identity.
Pribadi yang Bertumbuh dalam Roman Trois Femmes Puissantes Karya Marie Ndiaye
Authors: Sofyanti Diajeng , Artanti Yeni
Published: December 2020

Semua manusia menjalani kehidupannya dengan bertumbuh, baik secara fisik maupun secara psikis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pertumbuhan kepribadian sebagai sosok perempuan yang menunjukkan superioritasnya dalam roman "Trois Femmes Puissantes" karya Marie Ndiaye. Sumber data penelitian adalah cerita bagian pertama pada roman "Trois Femmes Puissantes" karya Marie NDiaye yang diterbikan oleh Gallimard tahun 2009. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya dengan membaca, mengidentifikasi, mencatat, membuat tabel, dan mengkategorisasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh Norah pada awalnya memiliki kepribadian inferior dan pendendam, lalu terdapat perubahan kepribadian, yaitu menjadi pribadi yang cerdas, pekerja keras, kreatif, tepat janji dan pemaaf. Proses pendidikan yang dilaluinya dan lingkungan yang positif membuat Norah mampu berdamai dengan dirinya sendiri dan sekitarnya. Selain itu, tokoh Norah menujukkan wujud superioritas baik sebagai pribadi sehingga menjadi pribadi yang sehat dan tumbuh. Tokoh Norah menunjukkan bahwa 'growth mindset' diperlukan untuk terus bertumbuh menjadi pribadi yang sehat.

Kata kunci: kepribadian; superioritas; psikologi individual; Adler; growth mindset[Becoming Growth Person in Marie Ndiaye’s Trois Femmes Puissantes] All humans do their task by growing, both physically and psychologically. This study aims to describe the process of personality growth as a female figure that shows her superiority in Marie Ndiaye's "Trois Femmes Puissantes". The source of the research data is the story of the first part of the novel "Trois Femmes Puissantes" by Marie NDiaye published by Gallimard in 2009. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with reading, identifying, taking notes, making tables, and categorizing as data collection techniques. The results showed that Norah initially had an inferior and vengeful personality, then becoming a smart, hard-working, creative, right on promise and forgiving. The educational process and the positive environment made Norah able to make peace with herself and her surroundings. In addition, Norah shows a form of superiority both as a person so that he becomes a healthy and growing person. So, this character shows that a "growth mindset" is needed to continue to grow into a healthy person.
A case report of pilocytic astrocytoma of the brainstem
Authors: Merishavyan А. А. , Papusha L. I. , Valiakhmetova E. F. , Druy A. E. , Yasko L. A. , Brilliantova V. V. , Artyomov A. V. , Karachunsky A. I.
Published: December 2020

Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) of the brainstem are a rare nosological group among brain tumours in children. In most cases, radical resection of the tumours localized in the brainstem is impossible due to the high risk of postoperative neurological complications. Presently, there are no uniform approaches to the management of patients with residual tumours of the brainstem; furthermore, current LGG treatment protocols disregard molecular and genetic features of the tumour. In our article we describe the case of the patient with LGG of the brainstem after the performed biopsy. Despite the large volume of the tumour, we decided to follow the patient over time due to the following factors: verification of the “pilocytic astrocytoma” histological diagnosis, detection of the KIAA1549-BRAF chimeric transcript (a marker of a favourable prognosis), as well as the absence of neurological deficit. According to the neuroimaging data, the child has stable disease for a long period of time. The patients' parents gave their consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
Challenges in the diagnosis of growing teratoma syndrome: two case reports
Authors: Sinichenkova K. Yu. , Tyutikova E. S. , Likar Yu. N. , Mitrofanova A. M. , Konovalov D. M. , Litvinov D. V. , Zhukov N. V.
Published: December 2020

Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) is reported to have an incidence of 1.9–7.6% among all germ cell tumours (GCT) and is often mistaken for tumor progression. There are no absolute signs or symptoms of GTS but it can be suspected based on the following criteria: the normalization of tumour markers, the enlargement of the mass and the presence in the tumour of mature teratoma cells alone. A delayed tumor resection in GTS can result in higher surgical risks and/or the infeasibility of complete resection. In 72–83% of cases, incomplete resection leads to relapses in the form of mature teratoma growth. A repeat biopsy is recommended in all patients with suspected GTS so that to avoid chemotherapy that would be ineffective in this disease. The article reports two clinical cases of GTS illustrating challenges inherent in the diagnosis of this syndrome. In each case, the parents gave consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
А сlinical case report of mediastinal teratoma in an adolescent patient with Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Saliyeva S. S. , Boranbayeva R. Z. , Zhumadullayev B. M. , Khairov K. E. , Krivenko E. V. , Tainekova A. Sh. , Bekisheva A. N. , Karazhanova M. K.
Published: December 2020

Teratoma is a germ cell tumor, which consists of derivatives of three germ layers and has various malignant potentials – from benign mature forms to immature embryonic forms with a somatic type of malignancy. Even the mature type of teratoma is biologically unpredictable providing for an ability to grow locally with invasion. Necessity for complete removal of tumors, wherever they are located, is explained by the fact that there is a risk of a possible development of growing teratoma syndrome or transformation into malignant tumors. This article describes the clinical case of growing teratoma syndrome of mediastinal localization in a teenager with Klinefelter syndrome, also as an example of the multidisciplinary approach of pediatric oncologists, surgeons, radiotherapists and pathomorphologists in decision-making for optimal treatment. The patients' parents gave their consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
Pharmacokinetics of 13-cis-Retinoic acid in high-risk neuroblastoma patients
Authors: Litvin E. A. , Utalieva D. T. , Kachanov D. Yu. , Pshonkin A. V. , Yadgarov M. Ya. , Shamanskaya T. V.
Published: December 2020

13-cis-Retinoic acid is a differentiation agent for neuroblastoma cells and is a part of post-consolidation therapy for high-risk patients. The effectiveness of this therapeutic approach is currently under study. 26 patients with high-risk neuroblastoma treated at Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology were included in the study of 13-cis-Retinoic acid pharmacokinetics by high-performance liquid chromatography assay with ultraviolet detector depending on the method of administration of drug (swallowed capsules or opened capsules before administration). This study is supported by the Independent Ethics Committee and approved by the Academic Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. The current study showed that the therapeutic concentration of > 2 μM when taking 13-cis-Retinoic acid at a dose of 160 mg/m2/day was achieved in two groups, regardless of the method of drug administration. However, plasma concentrations of 13-cis-Retinoic acid at 4 hours after administration on the 14th day of therapy were higher in the group of patients who swallowed the capsules (4.1 ± 1.8 μM), compared to those who could not do it (1.9 ± 1.5 μM) (p = 0.022). The introduction into the clinical practice of therapeutic drug monitoring of 13-cis-retinoic acid in high-risk neuroblastoma patients with an assessment of peak concentration and dose adjustment of the following courses may be an important point in the attempt to optimize postconsolidation therapy and improve prognosis.