bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paleolimnology Record of Human Impact on a Lake Ecosystem: The Case of Shallow Lakes in Central Java
Authors: Retnaningsih Soeprobowati Tri , Jumari  , Hariyati Riche , Gell Peter
Published: June 2019

Paleolimnology approaches were used to assess human impacts on Rawapening and Warna Lakes, small lakes in Central Java, which provide an essential function for agricultural irrigation. Paleolimnology is the study of the stratigraphy of lakes where fossils are well preserved in the sediment thereby providing information about the past condition of the catchment area. However, paleolimnological studies in Indonesia have been rare. The organisms that are well preserved in the sediment are diatoms, due to their siliceous cell wall. Human’s activities were recorded in the 63 cm sediment core from Rawapening and 24 cm sediment core from Warna Lakes over the past 41 and 124 years, respectively. Human impacts on the lake ecosystems and their catchment area are highly variable in time and space. Since 1967 Rawapening Lake has been in a meso-eutrophic condition, related to releases from the nearby agricultural program. Since the 1990s Rawapening Lake experienced hypereutrophic conditions with pH > 9 that induced uncontrolled water hyacinth growth, which in turn, reduced lake function. The record showed Warna Lake to have been subject to eutrophication since 1980 likely owing to the acceleration of activities such as potato farming and deforestation for urban development in the lake’s catchment in recent decades. The trend of these past environmental changes could be used to predict the future condition; therefore, the appropriate management plans can be developed to guide interventions needed to ensure the future sustainable use of the lake.
Preliminary Study on Keratinase Fermentation by Bacillus sp. MD24 under Solid State Fermentation
Authors: Nurkhasanah Uswatun , Suharti
Published: June 2019

Bacillus sp. MD24 has been reported to produce keratinase under submerged fermentation (SmF) using chicken feathers as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. However, the enzyme production was not preferable for industrial purpose due to relatively low enzyme yield. Solid state fermentation (SSF) was developed to improve keratinase productivity. Water content was varied to achieve optimum keratinase production. The effects of additional agricultural wastes to keratinase production were tested. The results showed that SSF improved keratinase production and optimum keratinase activity was achieved at the water content of 500%. Agricultural wastes (rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, and solid tofu-waste) significantly improved keratinase production. However, the production was delayed when rice straw and sugar cane bagasse were used. The highest activity at the fifth day was achieved when sugar cane bagasse was added to chicken feather medium.
The Morphological Characteristics of Phaseolus lunatus L. in Different Areas of East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Purwanti E , Fauzi A
Published: June 2019

Phaseolus lunatusL. is a type of legumes of which population is decreasing in Indonesia. The studies on analyzingPhaseolus lunatusL. from Indonesia are scarcely conducted. This current research aimed at revealing the diversity ofPhaseolus lunatusL. which spreads across East Java, Indonesia. There are 15 accessions ofPhaseolus lunatusL. which can be found in Madura, Probolinggo, Kediri, Tulungagung, and Malang. The morphological observation involved qualitative and quantitative parameters conducted in all collected accessions. The quantitative data were analyzed using one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) by considering the accessions as independent variables and quantitative parameters as the dependent variables. The qualitative characters obtained were that all accessions had triangular shaped leaves and short green pods, whereas there were variations in the flower wings color (from white to purple), seed hull colors (from cream to black), and seed shape (kidney, cuboid, oval). Based on the results of the multivariate testing, the morphological characteristics of eachPhaseolus lunatusL. accession were significantly different (p< 0.005). Based on the univariate testing results, there is a significant difference on the weight, length, width, and thickness of seed, the length, and width of the leaf, and also the length and width of the pod (p< 0.005). The findings have shown that there are differences in various morphological parameters which can be used as the foundation for further researches.
The Correlation of Pegagan and Beluntas Leaf Extract Co-Treatment on Liver Histological Alteration and Circulating Transaminase Enzyme Level
Authors: Muchtaromah Bayyinatul , Mustikasari Wahyuningrum , Fitriyah
Published: June 2019

Currently, people prefer to use herbal treatment because it is considered relatively cheaper, efficient, and smaller in its side effects compared to synthetic drugs. However, it does not mean that herbal medicine has no adverse side effects if it is used in less precise. Some plants that have properties as antifertility, as well as hepatoprotective, are pegagan (Centella asiatica) and beluntas (Pluchea indica). This study aimed to find a combination dosage of pegagan and beluntas extract that was safe to the liver. The research design used a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. The leaf extract of pegagan and beluntas with doses of 0, 25+25, 50+50, 75+75, 125+125, and 200+200 mg/kg BW was administered to 24 female Wistar strains. The data of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), and the level of liver histological damage were analyzed using ANOVA (α 5%) and followed by DMRT (α 5%). The results revealed that the administration of the leaf extract of pegagan and beluntas up to doses of 200+200 mg/kg BW did not affect GPT-GOT levels but began to show histological liver damage. In the conclusion, the use of a combination of pegagan and beluntas extract each up to a dose of 125+125 mg/kg BW was safe for the liver.
Do Altitude Influence the Characterization of Dryopteris hirtipes (Bl.) Kuntze Biomedicinal Profile? A Study of Fascinating Fern from Baluran National Park and Raden Soerjo Grand Forest Park
Authors: Sri Sulasmi Eko , Suryaningtya Sari Ratna , Faiqohtun Wuriana Zauhara , Sapta Sari Murni , Suhadi  , Mawaddah Kuni , Syafinatu Zafi Indah , Erinda Leviana
Published: June 2019

Secondary metabolites of fern are increasingly recognized as medicine ingredient. The total of secondary metabolites in plants may form maximally related to the altitude, environment, nutrient, biotic and abiotic stresses.Dryopteris hirtipes(Bl.) Kuntze is easily found in Baluran National Park and Raden Soerjo Grand Forest Park. This study aimed to investigate the differences between secondary metabolites ofDryopteris hirtipes(Bl.) Kuntze from Baluran National Park and Raden Soerjo Grand Forest Park. The samples were taken from Baluran National Park which has a height of 0-1000 masl, with a rainfall intensity about 2000-4000 mm per year, and Raden Soerjo Forest Park which has an altitude of 1000-3000 masl, with rainfall intensity 1488 mm per year. The research was conducted by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. Samples ofDryopteris hirtipes’rhizome and fronds were made as powder then extracted using methanol (1:10). Methanol leaf extract subsequently tested by TLC test. Both ofDryopteris hirtipes(Bl.) Kuntze from Baluran National Park and Raden Soerjo Grand Forest Park have similarity chemical content of secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, terpenoid-saponin, tannin, but polyphenols only found from Baluran National Park, and flavonoids only found from Raden Soerjo Grand Forest Park.
Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of leaves of Ten Soybean (Glycine max L. Merill) Lines
Authors: Julia N , Zubaidah S , Kuswantoro H
Published: June 2019

The characterization of the leaf morphology and anatomy can be useful to determine the superiority of the plant. The purpose of this study was to observe and analyze the morphological and anatomical leaves characteristics of the 10 soybean lines. The experiment employed a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the highest scores of the leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, petiole length, and petiole diameter could be observed in Brg/Myp-3 line. The largest leaf ratio was reported by Anj/MLGG 0511-29, and the lowest scores in the leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, petiole diameter, and leaf ratio were found in MLGG 0892 line. Grb/Lwt-17 and Grb/Myp-25 had the thinnest leaves. Grb/Lwt-12 have the highest number of trichomes, both on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf, while Grb/Myp-65 had the smallest number. Anj/MLGG 0511-20 and Brg/Myp-14 had the longest trichomes, while Grb/Lwt 17 had the shortest trichomes. The highest number of stomata was recorded in Grb/Lwt-17. The results of the correlation test showed some significant relationships between the leaf characteristics: the length of the leaf and the width of the leaf and the petiole diameter; the length of the upper trichome and the length of the lower trichome, and the width of the upper trichome and the number of the lower stomata.
The quality of air at petroleum refining area in Bojonegoro, Indonesia: Morphological condition and chlorophyll level changes of Muntingia calabura L.
Authors: Kusumastuty D A , Mahmudati N , Purwanti E , Hindun I , Fauzi A
Published: June 2019

Petroleum refinery activity practiced conventionally is indicated to result in a significant impact on the environmental changes. This research aimed at revealing the morphological condition and the chlorophyll level ofMuntingia calaburaL. growing around the petroleum refining area in Wonocolo, Bojonegoro, Indonesia. The data sampling covered eight areas; four of which are 50 meters away, while the four others are 100 meters away from the center location of the refinery. The chlorophyll levels were obtained from spectrophotometry technique. Based on the microscopic analysis, chlorosis and necrosis symptoms have been detected in all sampling locations. Based on the multivariate testing, the chlorophyll level has shown to be significantly different on distance factor (F = 11.983,p< 0.005), but there has been no significant difference on the point of the compass as well as interactional factors. Based on the univariate testing, the chlorophyll level on distance factor has shown to be significantly different, both on chlorophyll a level (F = 18.867,p< 0.005) and chlorophyll b level (F = 25.085,p< 0.005). The results have indicated that petroleum refining industry which is conducted conventionally in Bojonegoro contributes significant impact on the plant condition in its surrounding areas.
Identification of Pollen Grains Morphology and Morphometry in Liliaceae
Authors: Rahmawati L U , Purwanti E , Budiyanto M A K , Zaenab S , Susetyarini R E , Permana T I
Published: June 2019

Palynology, the study of pollen, had a big role in paleontology, archeology, and forensics. Pollens from different plants had different morphology, such as in Liliaceae. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied to observe the morphology of Liliaceae pollens. This study aimed to determine the pollen grains morphology and morphometry in Liliaceae. The descriptive qualitative research was used five different species from three genera as the sample, namely Hemerocallis fulva, Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, Aloe vera, Lilium longiflorum, and Lilium candidum. Parameters measured in this study were the types of pollen sizes, pollen shape, aperture characteristic, and ornamentation type of exine. The results showed that in Liliaceae had various shapes of pollen grains, i.e., prolate (1.33-2 μm) and per-prolate (≥ 2 μm), as well as the pollen grains size, from minuta (10-25 μm in diameter) to medium (25-50 μm in diameter). Aperture characteristic of the pollen grains was monocolpate which has one colpus, and the ornamentation type of exine was reticulate patterns.
Lead (Pb) Level of Fresh and Smoked Mackerel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) in Tuban, Indonesia
Authors: Megasari M , Wahyono P , Latifa R , Waluyo L , Fauzi A , Setyawan D
Published: June 2019

Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal compound that can contaminate fish and pose health risks to humans. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of Pb from fresh and smoked mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) sold in Tuban, Indonesia. Mackerel samples were obtained from fish sellers along the highway of Karangsari village, Tuban district, Tuban, Indonesia. The determination of Pb content in mackerel body was carried out through the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) characterization following with the guidelines of SNI (Indonesian National Standard) year 2011. The research data showed that the range of Pb levels on both fresh fish (0.33 - 14.41 mg/kg) and smoked fish (1.30 - 22.20 mg/kg) exceeds the threshold set by SNI No. 7387 the year 2009. The results of the Mann-Whitney test indicated that Pb level in smoked fish (Mdn = 19.05) was not significantly greater than fresh fish (Mdn = 12.13), U = 50.00, p = 0.219. Pb levels of mackerel tuna that were above the permissible levels indicate a health risk if the fish is consumed by humans. Monitoring and decision making by the Indonesian government needs to be conducted to overcome Pb contamination that occurs in the sea of Tuban.
Carbon Stock Analysis of Mangrove Ecosystems in Paliat Island Sumenep East Java
Authors: Hidayah Zainul , Andriyani Lisa
Published: June 2019

Mangroves have important roles in the coastal environment. They enrich coastal waters with nutrient, protect coastlines from abrasion and sea level rise as well as support coastal fisheries. Another function of mangroves that are less known is their role in carbon (C) sequestration and storage. Previous studies reveal that mangrove forests contain some of the highest carbon stocks per unit area compared to other forest types. However, that information is not widely available, particularly in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine distribution and community structure of mangroves ecosystem and to estimate carbon stock stored in the mangrove forest of Paliat Island Sumenep East Java. The data collection was conducted on the island, starting from July to September 2017 using harvesting sampling method. Furthermore, to discriminate carbon stock from different parts of mangrove vegetation, One Way ANOVA statistical analysis was employed. The results showed that there were 4 dominant mangrove species on the island namely Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora stylosa and Rhizophora apiculata. The total mangrove biomass of the study area was approximately 21.59 ton/Ha with an estimated carbon stock around 10.80 ton/Ha. Further analysis explained that there was a significant difference in carbon stock between various parts of mangrove vegetation (One Way ANOVA, F = 220, df1=4, df2=85, p<0.05).
The Composition and Important Value Index of Trees for Wildlife Feed in Bacan Island, South Halmahera
Authors: Tolangara Abdulrasyid , Ahmad Hasna , Liline Sintje
Published: June 2019

Forests provide protection, food, and habitats for wild animals such as monkeys, birds, bats, squirrels, and weasels that depend on the fruits and seeds from the trees. Due to human’s activities, the functions of the forest in Bacan Island have decreased significantly in terms of numbers, kinds, and important value index. Local people have conversed forests into agricultural lands. As a result, the existence of natural resources especially trees, which supply nutrients for wild animals such as monkeys, birds, bats, squirrels and weasels, is being threatened. The current study aimed to investigate the composition and important value index of every type of plants used for wildlife feed. An inventory method was employed in plots of 20 m × 20 m for tree-level observation. This method would be useful to obtain the list of plant composition for wildlife feed and to determine some vegetation parameters including the density, domination, frequency, and important value index of the plants. This research showed that Duobanga moluccana, Drancontomelon dao, Bacacaurea anguilata Merr, Theobroma cacao, Mangifera indica, Canarium casferum, Myristica fatua and Myristica sperciosa are the composition of plants that could supply nutrients for the wild animals. The highest important value index (IVI) (52.78%) was observed in Drancontomelon dao. Medium IVI which ranged from (31.47-44.42%) was reported by Duobanga moluccana, Bacacaurea anguilata Merr, Theobroma cacao, Canarium casferum, Myristica fatua and Myristica sperciosa. Meanwhile, the lowest IVI (29.52%) was found in Mangifera indica.
Characterization of Cocoa Pulp (Theobroma cacao L) from South Halmahera as an Alternative Feedstock for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Roini Chumidach , Asbirayani Limatahu Nur , Mulya Hartati Tri , Sundari
Published: June 2019

South Halmahera is one of the cocoa-producing centers in North Maluku, but the pulp of cocoa is less noticed and assumed to be not important in commercial purpose and is largely disposed as agroindustry residue. This study aimed to characterize the cocoa pulp from southern Halmahera for bioethanol production. Survey and observation methods were conducted to obtain bioethanol feedstock from cocoa pulp. Cocoa pulps mucilage is a waste that can be processed into bioethanol products with high economic value. The results of this study indicated that theaverage of 100kg of cocoa beans produced 5-8 litters of mucilage juice residues. The results of this study indicated that cocoa pulp from southern Halmahera had the optimum time for the fermentation process for 12 days. The level of alcohol produced by fermentation was 4.85%, and this level was a low category.
Preparation and Characterization of Magnetite Nanoparticles Combined with Polyaniline and Activated Carbon
Authors: Intan Subadra ST. Ulfawanti , Sutiami Rita , Taufiq Ahmad , Diantoro Markus , Sunaryono  , Arif  , Hidayat  , Mufti Nandang , Hidayat Nurul , Susanto Hendra , Ari Adi Wisnu
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we report the preparation of magnetite nanoparticles combined with polyaniline and activated carbon. The results of the X-Ray diffraction data analysis showed that the samples had a magnetite crystal phase without other phases. The existence of polyaniline and activated carbon was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization shown by the presence of S=O, C-N, and C-C. The sample of synthesis results in this work had the band gap of 3.23 eV. Moreover, the results of data analysis using vector network analyzer revealed the maximum reflection loss value of -14 with the absorbance of 50%. Thereby, the synthesis optimization needs to be done to increase the sample absorbance to the radar wave.
Pollution of Pb Metal on Soil at Burned Forest Areas at Baluran National Park-East Java Indonesia.
Authors: Suhadi  , Sueb  , Wedhanto Sonny
Published: June 2019

Burned Forest at Baluran Nasional Park occurs almost every year, especially the peak of the dry season. Forest fires cause soil nutrients on the surface and in the soil decrease in both quantity and quality; thus, affecting plant growth and development. The purpose of this study was to distinguish the contents of Pb metal in the soil in areas that burned and non-burned areas. The method used was a purposive sampling area. In each of the same stands were taken 5 soil samples with different coordinate points and considered as one sample. The sampling obtained up to 10 points which are considered as replications. The results of research were from the soil taken at National Park Baluran the area burned with areas that have never been burned with a repetition of 10 times. It can be concluded that the Pb contents on the soil in the burned area and not burned areas significantly differ.
The Effects of Red Betel (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extract to Decreasing Profile Population of CD4+ and CD8+ Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Induced Mice
Authors: Imroatul Maslikah Siti , Wulandari Nuning , Rahayu Lestari Sri , Nur Arifah Siti
Published: June 2019

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is one of the autoimmune diseases resulted by oxidative stress. Red betel leaves (Piper crocatum) with a high content of flavonoid are expected to function as antioxidant and to reduce inflammation. This research aimed to identify the effects of red betel leaf extract on the amount of the CD4+ and CD8+ cells. 24 male Swiss mice, aged eight 8 weeks, with the weight of 27±3 g. 20 mice induced-RA were made by injecting 0.01 mL Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) by intraperitoneal; after seven days, they were then boostered by injecting 0.03 mL of Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant (IFA) into the forelimbs. The animals were divided into six groups: normal, RA (C-), RA+aspirin (C+), RA+red betel leaf extract 100 mg/kg BW (T1), RA+red betel leaf extract 200 mg/kg BW (T2), and RA+leaf extract red betel nut 400 mg/kg BW (T3). The animals were given treatment for 21 days. At the end of the treatment, the mice were sacrificed, and the removed lymphocyte cells were isolated to measure the number of the CD4+ and CD8+ using Flow-cytometry. The results of this research showed that red betel leaf extract was significantly different to decreasing the amount of the CD4+ cells, but it was not significantly different to reducing the amount of CD8+ cells. The effective dosage in this research was 200 mg/kg BW.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Nikmah Ainun , Taufiq Ahmad , Hidayat Arif
Published: June 2019

Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposites have been synthesized using the Stöber method. X-ray diffraction data analysis showed the addition of SiO2 changed the diffraction pattern peak which represented the existence of Fe3O4 and SiO2 nanoparticles. Based on the elemental analysis, it can be seen that Si compositions on the samples were 14.7 % (S1), 19.8% (S2), and 20.4% (S3). It strengthens the existence of Fe3O4 and SiO2 nanoparticles on the sample. Furthermore, the infrared spectrum showed that Fe3O4 and SiO2 molecular functional groups were recorded at the wavenumber of 548 cm−1 with Fe-O-Si bond. Furthermore, Fe-O bond was recorded at the wavenumber of 461 cm−1. Meanwhile, Si-O-Si and Si-O bonds were detected at the wavenumbers of 1102 cm−1 and 949 cm−1 respectively. Furthermore, the data from UV-Vis characterization presented the peak shifted towards a higher angle of the wavelength which indicated that there is a phenomenon of changes in band gap particle size along with increased content of SiO2.
The Quality of Ettawa Crossbreed Sperm: The Treatment with a Combination of Cryoprotectant in Tris Diluents
Authors: Cahya Prastya Rini Dwi , Zaenab Siti , Hadi Samsun , Jaya Miharja Fuad
Published: June 2019

The formation of ice crystals easily damages the sperm of goats during the freezing process. This study aimed to determine the optimum treatment of cryoprotectant DMSO, glycerol, and a combination of DMSO with glycerol in Tris-egg yolk diluents to maintain the quality of frozen sperm of ettawa breeds. This study used four male goats of which semen was collected twice a week using an artificial vagina. The independent variables in this study were 6% DMSO, 6% glycerol, and a combination of 3% DMSO: 3% glycerol, negative control (without treatment), and positive control (7% glycerol). The sperm quality parameters include motility, viability, and abnormalities. Data collection techniques used observation techniques before and after freezing. The data were tested statistically using one-way ANOVA and Duncan test. The results showed that the combination treatment of 3% DMSO: 3% glycerol produced significant motility, viability, and abnormalities (P <0.05) compared to other treatments. These results indicated that the addition of a combination of DMSO and glycerol in egg yolk thinners successfully protected sperm from various stresses during the cryopreservation process to maintain the sperm quality.
Water Resources Management and Its Correlation with the Availability of Clean Water in Malang
Authors: Putri P D , Pramasela A D , Fachrezi G F , Sueb
Published: June 2019

Despite its water resources potential, Indonesia is known for poorly managing its water resources. The purpose of the research was to know the correlation between human activities regarding water resources management and the availability of clean water in Malang City. The research method was quantitative analytical research using Spearmen correlation and n = 100. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between water resource management and availability of clean water, which was statistically significant. We suggested for the people around Malang that they need to consider the amount of water they need to use so that the water would not be wasted and there needs to be a better sewage treatment for liquid waste in Malang City.
The Atherogenic Index of Plasma Treated with Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Maryanto Sugeng , Marsono Y.
Published: June 2019

Red guava contains fiber especially high soluble fiber (pectin). Soluble fiber in the body is hypocholesterolemia. This research aimed to know the effect of administering red guava on AIP (Atherogenic Index of Plasma) in hypocholesterolemia rats. This research was a pure experiment using the design of randomized pretest-posttest control group design to Sprague Dawley rats made into hypocholesterolemia. The rats were divided into four groups: group 1 given standard food, group 2, 3, and 4 given high cholesterol food. Group 3 and 4 were added with red guava powder as many as 0.72 g and pectin equal to the one in red guava powder. Lipid profile was checked by using Enzymatic Colorimetric Test CHOP-PAP and GPO-PAP including the rate of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. AIP was counted based on log (TG/HDL). The data analysis used t-test and ANOVA with a 0.05 significance level. The administration of red guava in hypocholesterolemia rats was significantly proven to be able to lower lipid profile by lowering total cholesterol (32%), LDL (43%), triglycerides (18%),and by increasing HDL (18%). These results were similar to the decrease by administering pectin as many as 32%, 47%, and 20% respectively. The results of counting AIP showed that the administration of red guava and pectin could lower AIP score significantly as many as 0.16 and 0.17 respectively which increased in the groups getting high cholesterol food. The administration of red guava in hypocholesterolemia rats was proven to be able to lower AIP.
Development of Scale for Knowledge Test and Questionnaire Behavior of Prevention HIV/AIDS Student College in Surabaya City
Authors: Zulina Zahra , Sueb
Published: June 2019

The Questionnaire and Knowledge Test are a research instruments that can be used to find out information about the epidemiology study on HIV/AIDS in Surabaya city. The latest report shows an increase in HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia with the highest incidence in East Java amounting to 1,614 people and dominated by adolescents. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument for HIV/AIDS prevention behavior questionnaire and knowledge Test to reduce HIV / AIDS transmission among teenagers in Surabaya city. The methods used follow the Environmental attitude scale (EAS) by testing the validity, reliability, and factor analysis of each variable item. Cronbach α questionnaire reliability (0.904) is a very good category, KMO and Bartlett’s Test (0.822) a total of 7 valid variables. Reliability Test Alpha Cronbach for knowledge test (0.702) with the good category, KMO and Bartlett’s Test (0.822) a total of 6 items of valid variables. Instrument valid can be tested. The result of UINSA Student prevention behavior on HIV / AIDS is categorized as “poor” and knowledge of HIV/AIDS is categorized as “Good enough.”
Does Propolis Extract Alleviate Male Reproductive Performance Through Gonadotropic Hormone Levels and Sperm Quality?
Authors: Handayani Nursasi , Gofur Abdul
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, the exploration of natural substances as an antifertility agent is the new paradigm in controlling the production and physiological performance of male and female germ cells. Natural antifertility agents have fewer side effects compared to chemical synthetic antifertility. Among that, the propolis extract was improved the reproductive performance through increasing sperm and male gonadotropic hormone activity. However, the discrepancy remains. Even though the action of testosterone has an essential role during spermatogenesis. However, the higher level of this hormone was also suggested to correlate with infertility. Thus, the circulating testosterone levels can be used as an additional parameter for monitoring reproductive system disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Propolis extract on testosterone hormone levels of Balb C mice (Mus musculus). Male Balb C strain mice (Mus musculus) with age of 10-12 weeks and weight of 25-29 g were used. There were six kinds of treatments were approved, including a control group and five serial dilutions of the propolis extract (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5% ). The propolis extract was given peroral for 18 days. Mice were dissected on the 19th day, and its blood was taken to count the levels of testosterone. The quantification of circulating testosterone levels was carried out by using the ELISA test. The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and followed by LSD test. Testosterone level began to increase at 10% concentrations of propolis extract. It can be concluded that Propolis Extract can increase testosterone levels. Thus, it is expected to serve as a potential male anti-fertility agent.
Morphology of Magnetic Minerals and Magnetic Susceptibility of Volcanic Ash from 2010 Eruption of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
Authors: Zulaikah S.
Published: June 2019

The composition, morphology and magnetic susceptibility of the volcanic ash samples of Merapi volcano have been tested. The composition of elements in the samples was determined using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), magnetic minerals morphology was determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and magnetic susceptibility was determined using Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility meter MS2B. There are about 17 elements found in volcanic ash, with the largest percentage being silica (Si), which is around 45%; iron (Fe) element have a concentration of around 16% and aluminum (Al) around 12%. Meanwhile, other elements are in very low concentration. If it is used to track events related to the dynamics of the earth, that three elements can be used as proxy data. Based on the composition of Merapi volcanic ash, it is possible that the existing of magnetic minerals are dominated by iron titanium oxide. The size and shape of magnetic minerals are very diverse, ranging in size from tens to hundreds of micrometers. Meanwhile, the surface of the magnetic mineral also appears not smooth or porous. This condition is thought to occur due to heat with very high temperatures regarding magnetic minerals before and during the eruptions. Magnetic susceptibility measured at low frequency is in the range of 10 × 10−6 m3/kg for extract samples and 2200 × 10−6 m3/kg for non-extracted samples.
Identification of Nanostructural and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) on Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag Nanoparticle Composites
Authors: Miftachul Chusna Nadiya , Sunaryono  , Hidayat Samsul , Hidayat Nurul , Mufti Nandang , Taufiq Ahmad
Published: June 2019

Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using the coprecipitation method. The nanoparticles are the basic components in the fabrication of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag composites which have been synthesized using the chemical reduction method. To investigate the nanostructure, morphology, functional group, and specific absorption rate (SAR) value of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 nanoparticles and Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag composites, material has been characterized using XRD, TEM, FTIR, and magneto-thermal instruments respectively. The XRD pattern showed that Mn had been successfully substituted well in the Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 nanoparticles indicated by the shift of diffraction peak towards the smaller angle of 2θ. Through Rietica analysis, the crystal sizes of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 and Ag nanoparticles were 5.40 nm and 8.05 nm respectively. This result was confirmed well by TEM characteristics which showed that the average size of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 and Ag particles as much as 5.03 nm and 8.74 nm respectively. The success of Ag nanoparticle in Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag composites was from the distribution of Fe-O and amine functional groups which were the representation of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4 and Ag nanoparticles. Furthermore, Ag nanoparticles were relatively effective in increasing the SAR value of Mn0.25Fe2.75O4/Ag composites of 0.19 W/g (without Ag) into 0.21 W/g (with 0.2 g Ag).
Prevalence and Bacteria Associated with White Band Disease on Acropora sp. from Gili Labak Island Sumenep District Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha W A , Handoko A , Insafitri  , Effendy M
Published: June 2019

Coral reefs have many problems including coral diseases. One of the coral diseases that infect Acropora sp. from Gili Labak Island is the White Band Disease (WBD). Their prevalence and bacteria associated with the WBD on Acropora sp. is warranted further investigation. This study aims to determine the disease prevalence and bacteria associated with WBD on Acropora sp. from the Gili Labak Island. The samples were collected from coral infected. The laboratory analysis includes bacterial isolation, DNA extraction, DNA amplification, electrophoresis, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that the disease prevalences of WBD on Acropora sp. were between 0 to 23%, in which the highest prevalence was found in the site where marine tourism activities and boat mooring occurred. Four bacterial isolates were identified based on morphological features. These four isolates were then analyzed using the Mega 5.2 program and resulted in a complete nucleotide sequence and had similarities to the bacteria present in the Gen Bank through BLAST analysis. The result of BLAST analysis showed that ACWB2A isolate had 99% similarity with Vibrio alginolyticus bacteria; ACWB 6 had 99% similarity with Vibrio owensii; and isolates 5 and 8 had 99% similarity with Pseudoalteromonas rubra bacteria. These are the first record that Pseudoalteromonas rubra bacterium is associated with White Band Disease.
Nanostructure, Band Gap, and Antibacterial Activity of Spinel Fe2MO4/OO Magnetic Fluids
Authors: Millaty Abadiah Nur , Yuliantika Defi , Amalia Hariyanto Yuanita , Eko Saputro Rosy , Masruroh  , Taufiq Ahmad , Soontaranoon Siriwat
Published: June 2019

This research aimed at investigating Fe2MO4 ferrofluids nanostructure, with M was Fe, Ti and Cr. Fe2MO4 nanoparticles were synthesized through coprecipitation method, and the phase and crystallinity were analyzed using XRD instrument. The obtained results showed the Fe3O4 phase, but there was a shift in diffraction peak position contributed by the doping of Ti2+ and Cr3+ ions. Furthermore, a similar change occurred in the lattice parameter, crystal volume, and particle size. The particle sizes of Fe3O4, Fe2TiO4, and Fe2CrO4 particles were 10.2, 13.4, and 6.9 nm, respectively. The functional groups of the Fe2MO4/OO ferrofluids were characterized using FTIR and obtained the Fe-O stretching band shift due to the modification of structure. Furthermore, FTIR analysis was used as a reference to confirm functional groups of the ferrofluids. The absorbance data collection was performed through the characterization using UV-Vis instrument, and there was intervalence charge transfer at a wavelength near infra-red indicating there was Fe element and nanoparticle interface which raised an optimum absorption at the interval of 400-550 nm. Furthermore, through the obtained absorbance data, there was an energy gap of 2.2-2.24 eV. Interestingly, the results of antibacterial testing results through the dilution method showed a modification of structure could increase the antibacterial activity of the Fe2MO4/OO ferrofluids by minimizing the percentage of surviving colony number.
Overview of Radon Background Correction Technology for Airborne Gamma Spectrometry
Authors: Zeng Chenhao , Lai Wanchang , Feng Xiaojie , Fan Chen , Wu Jinfei , Gu Runqiu
Published: June 2019

In radiometric measurements, the radiation characteristics of radon and its daughters will increase the detection background value and affect the detection results. Research institutes in various regions of the world have studied the effects of radon and its daughters, and have done a lot of work according to the special climate, geological conditions and characteristics of radioactive events in their regions. In the view of the influence of radon background in airborne gamma-ray spectrometry measurement, this paper summarizes the research results of radon background correction in gamma-ray spectrometry measurement from three aspects in the world scope: environmental radiation monitoring, radiation monitoring instruments and nuclear emergency monitoring. In the aspect of environmental radiation monitoring, the research unit mainly considers the climatic factors such as rainfall, temperature and humidity, atmospheric and hydrological changes and seasonal changes, geological factors such as altitude, mineral types, and measurement means such as alpha measurement and inverse derivation gamma measurement. In terms of radiation monitoring instruments, radon and its daughters are mainly considered to reduce the impact and improve the measurement accuracy. In the aspect of nuclear emergency monitoring, the main consideration is how to improve the accuracy of measurement and avoid false alarm. On this basis, the research trend and development direction of radon background correction in airborne gamma-ray spectrometry are put forward.
Simulation and Practice of Condensation Recovery of Nitrogen Tetroxide Based on HYSYS
Authors: Zhang Liqing , Hou Ziwen , Huang Lingzhi , Gu Pengcheng , Xu Zelong
Published: June 2019

The theoretical calculation results of the condensation recovery rate and the required cooling power of an engineering application unit shown that condensation recovery of N2O4 in the waste gas is feasible and valuable in engineering applications.A simulation model was performed by using HYSYS and according to condensate-recovery process flow. Thus two important engineering parameters were simulated which included the thermal load of condensation system and the flow of glycol-water solution. The test results of an engineering application device based on these parameters at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center indicated that the recovery efficiency can be above 90.0%, the purity of N2O4 recovered can be up to 99.6%.
A Laboratory Simulation Research Method for Speciation Distribution of Ultratrace Pu in Groundwater and Its Application
Authors: Zhou Xu , Chai Nana , Ma Teqi , Wang Yu , Wang Weixian
Published: June 2019

The migration rate difference of various Pu species in contaminated groundwater can be up to 3 orders of magnitude. Accurately obtaining speciation distribution of Pu is the first problem to be solved in site safety assessment. However, the in-situ chemical properties of groundwater are easily affected by the external environment, and Pu content in the contaminated groundwater is usually at ultra-trace level, the existing sampling-laboratory analysis method cannot directly determine the speciation distribution of Pu. Here a laboratory simulation research method for speciation distribution of ultratrace Pu in groundwater was established, in which a nitrogen assisted sampling and storage device was designed and employed to sample groundwater, and the groundwater sample was transported and kept in Anaerobic Glove Box, into which spiked Pu was added and the speciation distribution of Pu were monitored at various aging time by series speciation analysis techniques we improved and integrated. Using the method, the in-situ chemical properties of groundwater are well maintained, and the speciation distribution of ultratrace Pu in a contaminated groundwater from a granite area, NW China was obtained successfully. The results were basically consistent with the modelling results by geochemical software and/or analysis results by related instruments. Not only the method can continuously be used in the field of speciation distribution of Pu in contaminated water, but also can be used in other fields such as the treatment of waste liquor from Nuclear Plant, Reactor study, and so on.
The Study about Ecological Compensation Standard of Farmland Ecosystem in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region
Authors: Jiang Cuihong , Li Guangyong , Zhang Bin , Li He-qing , Li Min , Zhu Zhong xian
Published: June 2019

As a member of the terrestrial ecosystem, the farmland ecosystem is responsible for providing the material basis and food for human beings, and plays an active role in the stability of the global ecosystem. The farmland of Hebei Province has played an important role for food supply to Beijing and Tianjin in a long time. The development stage coefficient method was adopted in this study to adjust the non-market value of farmland ecosystem services. The result showed that the urban areas of Beijing and Tianjin should pay 17.934 billion yuan of ecological compensation to Hebei province, the suburban areas of Beijing and the suburban areas of Tianjin. The agricultural ecological compensation standard is 2,475 yuan per hectare. The results showed that The connection between ecosystem service function value and ecological compensation standard should be determined. The economic development level coefficient and compensation distribution coefficient played a key role.
The Treatment of Nanofiltration Concentrate of Coking Wastewater by Fenton Process
Authors: Wang Jiao
Published: June 2019

The nanofiltration concentrate of coking wastewater contain high concentration of nonbiodegradable and refractory organic matters. In this study, the nanofiltration concentrate was treated by Fenton process. The COD, NH3-N and chrominance were selected as the target parameters. Their removal efficiencies were investigated through changing some operating parameters such as initial pH, initial H2O2 concentration, initial FeSO4 concentration and reaction time. Under the optimum operating, the COD of effluent was below 85 mg / L, the removal rate was up to 85%; NH3–N of effluent was reduced to 14 mg / L, the removal rate was up to about 94%; the removal rate of chroma reached about 85%, which satisfied the discharge water quality standards (chemical oxygen demand [COD] <100 mg/L, NH3–N< 15 mg/L).In general, the fenton process can be a promising and reasonable method in the treatment of Nanofiltration concentrate of coking wastewater.
Community Empowerment in Waste Management Area for Sustainable Development
Authors: Ahmad M , Tri U S , Tri W , Novia R
Published: June 2019

A landfill is a place to manage and store wastes. Various problems have occurred due to the existence of landfill, either environmental, social, and economic issues. This study was associated with the effort of improving the prosperity of the local community around the landfill in Indonesia. The aims of this study were to discover the form and estimation of externality values of landfill towards the community, to determine the value chain pattern and the amount of added value of chemical waste derived from landfill which received by waste pickers and collectors. This study was designed with a mixed method by implementing descriptive statistics analysis, added value analysis, revenue analysis, Cost of Illness, and Replacement of Cost. The research results have indicated that the existence of landfill has brought positive and negative impacts on the community life the area around the landfill. The impacts which caused by the existence of landfill include economic, social, and environmental impacts in which the estimation of positive externality value was bigger than the estimation of negative externality value.
Research on the Promotion Mechanism of Clean Energy Technology in Industrial Parks Based on Evolutionary Game
Authors: Wang Qiang , Ren Chun , Liu Haiying , Gao Zhenggang , Liu Xin
Published: June 2019

Clean energy technology is a new energy technology that is developed with good environmental benefits in terms of renewable energy and efficient clean utilization of coal. The industrial park clean energy technology promotion mechanism is an evolutionary game process between an industrial park management committee and a clean energy technology supplier. Based on the basic principles of evolutionary game, this paper constructs a clean energy technology promotion mechanism, analyzes the factors affecting the strategic choice of industrial park management committee and clean energy technology supplier, and constructs industrial park management committee and clean energy technology supplier game matrix under different strategies. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, provides recommendations for the promotion of clean energy technologies.
Research on Comparison of Artificial Alga Reef Site Selection Scheme in Beidaihe Sea Area
Authors: Xu Xin , Wang Nan , Zhu Yuxin , Li Mingchang
Published: June 2019

Artificial algae reefs can effectively improve the ecological environment of the sea areas, restore submarine vegetation, and provide habitats for fish and avoid enemies. The study area is located in Beidaihe sea area. According to the regional characteristics, this paper uses ecological model to predict the floating trajectory of large algae debris, and obtains the impact of large algae on the landscape of Beidaihe bathing field. At the same time, through the marine physical environment(water depth, water flow, subsoil type, seabed topography), offshore distance, economic benefits and other factors, selected the most suitable location for artificial reefs in the Beidaihe sea area.
Assessment of Role of Water Body on Thermal Comfort in Ahmedabad, India
Authors: Gajjar Hardik , Jai Devi J
Published: June 2019

Increasing urbanization at rapid pace is definitely reducing the green cover and ultimately increases the urban temperature. The side cause of this elevated temperature at city centre compared to the suburbs and rural areas (Urban Heat Island) is enhancement of human thermal discomfort at the outdoor spaces and may even cause death due to heat stroke. This factor becomes a key role for urban planners and designers to create safe and pleasant spaces to live, work and commute. Several research works has been done to assess the role of green cover in reducing the UHI intensity and improve the thermal comfort, but less shade has been given on the cooling potential of urban water bodies. This work tries to investigate the effectiveness of Kankaria lake (Ahmedabad, India) that may have in cooling its nearby places (<500 m) and also on assessing outdoor thermal comfort using an index PET. Simultaneous ground measurement were taken around Kankaria lake at 4 selected locations on 10 minute interval starting from 14:00 to 16:30 in month of October for 7 days. Microclimatic parameters like air temperature, wind velocity, relative humidity, globe temperature and mean radiant temperature were measured using hand-held devices. Results indicate that the western side of Kankaria Lake observed drop in 0.2°C compared to the eastern side. Whereas, PET showed drop in maximum of 1.44°C on the western side, but it was still under the stress condition as per PET scale for sub-tropical climate zone.
High-resolution Interferometric Measurement of Thickness Change on a Lithium-Ion Pouch Battery
Authors: Bohn G , Taub J , Linke A , Bayer S , Oeser D , Ziegler A , Ettl P , Ackva A
Published: June 2019

Volume change of graphite leads to change in thickness of battery storage layers during discharging and charging. Pouch cell lithium ion batteries are used in the field of electric vehicles and solar home storage. This paper shows a measurement setup for the three-dimensional measurement of thickness change on a flat 6.7mm thick pouch cell using a white light interferometer. With a measuring field of 7.05mm diameter the resulting 3D thickness change record contains 226000 3D readings. The measuring points have a lateral distance of 13.1μm. The repeatability of the measurement is 312.8nm for the individual values and 64.1nm for the average value. In addition, this paper shows how the storage capacity of this pouch cell drops over 30 charge cycles.