bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validated SNAP markers based on the CYP P450 87 A3 gene in coconut (Cocos nucifera) are associated with yearly stem height increase
Authors: HATTA ANDI NADIA NURUL LATHIFA , SUKMA DEWI , MASKROMO ISMAIL , SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Hatta ANNL, Sukma D, Maskromo I, Sudarsono S. 2023. Validated SNAP markers based on the CYP P450 87 A3 gene in coconut (Cocos nucifera) are associated with yearly stem height increase. Biodiversitas 24: 2503-2512. Tall and dwarf coconuts are coconut types used worldwide as the parents in hybrid coconut production, and they differ in their yearly stem height. The yearly stem height of coconuts is estimated as 11 leaf scars length. The CYP P450 87 A3 gene is essential in the yearly stem-height increase (YSI) character. This study aims to validate single nucleotide-amplified polymorphism (SNAP) markers based on sequence variabilities of the coconut CYP P450 87 A3 gene and analyze their association with the coconut YSI character. The CYP P450 87 A3 partial genomic fragments were PCR amplified, sequenced, and used to develop SNAP markers. The markers were subsequently validated using 155 samples of 31 coconut varieties. The analysis showed that at least 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exist in the exon-1 and 2 of the coconut CYP P450 87 A3 gene, and SNAP markers were successfully developed. Single-locus analysis showed that the validated CYP2_SNP1 SNAP marker locus was associated with coconut YSI characters. The developed SNAP marker based on the partial CYP P450 87 A3 gene can potentially support future marker-assisted selection (MAS) in coconut breeding, especially for developing coconut with low YSI character.
Community stance towards sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) conservation in Odisha, India
Authors: MARDARAJ PRAKASH C. , PIRIE TARA J. , SETHY JANMEJAY , BEHERA SATYARANJAN
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Mardaraj PC, Pirie TJ, Sethy J, Behera S. 2023. Community stance towards sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) conservation in Odisha, India. Biodiversitas 24: 2521-2526. The human dimension is an essential component of extensive carnivore management and conservation. People living in bear habitats often fear encounters with these animals, and negative interactions can significantly affect people's livelihoods, attitudes, and tolerance toward the conservation initiatives of bears. To investigate the effect of such interactions on people's attitudes and livelihoods, we surveyed 510 households through semi-structured interviews located around five reserve forests of the Nilgiri wildlife range in a coastal district of Odisha, India. Gender, education, dependency on the forest, and specifics of bear encounters were the parameters taken to know the villagers' attitudes toward bear conservation. The average age of respondents was 46 (17-88) years; 78.8% (n= 402) were male. There are 37.5% of the respondents below the poverty level with annual incomes less than $ 514 USD. The majority of respondents, 85%, showed favorable opinions regarding sloth bears (Melursus ursinus Shaw, 1791), with only 15% expressing a negative perception. Bears were encountered by 87% of the total participants, with 45% encountering a sloth bear weekly. The study identified that 82.9% of villagers were more likely to state sloth bears were problematic rest disagreed with it. The educated interviewer was strongly supporting bear conservation in that landscape. The perspectives of the villagers and their experiences on their adverse feeling toward the bears need to minimize through suggested participatory and community-based mitigation strategies for long time conservation of the sloth bear in the landscape.
Anticandidal and antioxidant potencies of endophytic fungi associated with Tinospora crispa
Authors: FATHONI AHMAD , HUDIYONO SUMI , CAHYANA ANTONIUS HERRY , ILYAS MUHAMMAD , PURNANINGSIH ISMU , AGUSTA ANDRIA
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Fathoni A, Hudiyono S, Cahyana AH, Ilyas M, Purnaningsih I, Agusta A. 2023. Anticandidal and antioxidant potencies of endophytic fungi associated with Tinospora crispa. Biodiversitas 24: 2547-2555. Natural products including endophytic fungi, have opportunities for medicinal uses as anticandidal and antioxidant agents. This study aimed to investigate the anticandidal and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi isolated from Brotowali (Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers ex Hook.fil. & Thomson) using disc diffusion, thin layer chromatography (TLC) dot-blot, and microdilution methods. Eighty extracts were screened for anticandidal activity against Candida albicans (C.P.Robin) Berkhout and antioxidants against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. Disc diffusion results showed that 38 endophytic fungi had an anticandidal activity with an inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 7.00±00 to 18.1± 0.29 mm and 4 extracts with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 32-64 µg/mL (strong, MIC<100). The TLC dot-blot results showed that 23 extracts had antioxidant activity and 8 extracts were very strong with an inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) values of 7.76±0.77 to 25.54±1.37 µg/mL, while the antioxidant activity index (AAI) values ranged from 2.01±0.10 to 6.64±0.63 (very strong, AAI>2). Results of the Pearson correlations coefficient between the total phenolic content (TPC) value and AAI value, revealed that there was a low correlation, while the correlation of IZD and MIC as anticandidal has a moderate negative (the r value 0.332, and -0.673, respectively (P<0.01). Purification of bioactive compounds is necessary, and endophytic fungi associated with T. crispa can serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants and anticandidal agents.
A 50 year decennial survey of male Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) with supplemental genetic analysis in Tanjung Puting National Park, Indonesia
Authors: GALDIKAS BIRUTÉ MARY , LINSKY RUTH ELLA , DJOJOASMORO RENIASTOETIE , LORENZ JOSEPH , WAGNER R. STEVEN
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Galdikas BM, Linsky RE, Djojoasmoro R, Lorenz J, Wagner RS. 2023. A 50 year decennial survey of male Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) with supplemental genetic analysis in Tanjung Puting National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2587-2595. This study investigates the declining presence of adult males in a protected wild population of Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) at the Camp Leakey study area in Tanjung Puting National Park (TPNP), Central Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. Orangutan populations are in decline due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. Documenting changes within existing orangutan populations over time is important to understand demographic changes that may indicate pre-extinction processes and imminent collapse. Wild orangutan behavior has been studied at Camp Leakey since 1971. Observations of orangutans over the past five decades have documented a greatly decreased number of encounters with flanged adult males. A supplementary six-month genetic study was hindered by the fact that only two adult males briefly appeared in the study area in 2016 as compared to 40 adult male encounters in the same time period in 1976. The decline which appears most visible in data from 1986 to 1996 continues into 2006 and 2016. Genotypes from 24 wild adult orangutans encountered in 2016 were analyzed to assess the expected genetic parameters of a wild orangutan population. Pairwise relatedness was high among and between adult females and subadult males. The only two flanged males present during the genetic survey shared zero pairwise relatednesses. However, both flanged males had non-zero pairwise relatedness with other members of the Camp Leakey community and thus it is likely they were from different local areas. These data show the genetic consequences of the observed demographic changes. As TPNP forests have become disconnected from neighboring habitats, natural orangutan male dispersal may be disrupted. Disruption of male dispersal would increase the risk of accelerated extirpation for the orangutan population in TPNP as well as other orangutan populations, especially those that are remnant and less protected.
Ancylostomiasis in cats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and its causative genetic relations
Authors: DAMI JUNI CLAUDIA , DAMAYANTI LUH PUTU EKA , INDARJULIANTO SOEDARMANTO , PRIYOWIDODO DWI
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Dami JC, Damayanti LPE, Indarjulianto S, Priyowidodo D. 2023. Ancylostomiasis in cats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and its causative genetic relations. Biodiversitas 24: 2605-2611. Ancylostomiasis is a zoonotic cat disease caused by one or more species of Ancylostoma spp. This study aims to determine ancylostomiasis in cats in Yogyakarta and its causative genetic relations. This research used ten cats with ancylostomiasis, based on the findings of Ancylostoma spp. eggs in their feces. Cats were examined clinically and laboratory, including blood profile and identification of Ancylostoma spp. eggs. The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of Ancylostoma spp. was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced; the results were compared with the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). As a result, physical examination showed that cats with ancylostomiasis suffered from diarrhea (100%), decreased appetite (70%), weakness (60%), anemia (60%), emaciation, and dull hair (10%). Blood examination showed that 5 (50%) cats had normochromic normocytic anemia, and 1 (10%) cat had hypochromic microcytic anemia. PCR tests, sequencing, and phylogenetic tests found that Ancylostoma spp. isolates had been successfully identified as Ancylostoma braziliense De Faria 1910, identical to A. braziliense from Australian isolate (DQ359149.1). Therefore, it was concluded that ancylostomiasis in cats in Yogyakarta was caused by A. braziliense.
Molecular detection of the pathogen of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in honey in Indonesia
Authors: ADITYA IGM RAKA ALPIN , PURWANTO HARI
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Aditya IGMRA, Purwanto H. 2023. Molecular detection of the pathogen of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in honey in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2612-2622. Apis honey bees play a major role in global crop pollination. The honey bee population faces various threats, one being entomopathogens, responsible for 13% of honey bees' declining population cases. Some major pathogens are Nosema sp., Melissococcus plutonius, and Paenibacillus larvae. Data on the prevalence of these pathogens is not available in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to detect entomopathogen in Java, Bali, and Sumatra honey. We extracted 30 honey samples from Java, Bali, and Sumatra in this study. DNA from honey amplified by conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect Nosema apis, Nosema ceranae, M. plutonius, and P. larvae. Amplicons were sequenced to confirm the species of pathogens detected. Results showed that N. ceranae has a 20% prevalence, found in Java and Bali; M. plutonius was, for the first time, found in Indonesia and only in Java, with a 3.33% prevalence. In comparison, this study didn't find N. apis and P. larvae. Environmental factors were studied for their correlation with the incidence of pathogens. From several factors, only precipitation significantly correlates with the occurrence of N. ceranae and M. plutonius, while other factors do not. This research concludes that honey can be used as source of DNA for pathogens detection and monitoring in a certain area globally.
The phenotypic and genetic diversity test of several inbred lines on the 7th generation of melon (Cucumis melo)
Authors: KUSTANTO HERI
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Kustanto H. 2023. The phenotypic and genetic diversity test of several inbred lines on the 7th generation of melon (Cucumis melo). Biodiversitas 24: 2623-2629. The needs for melon (Cucumis melo L.) keep increasing year by year. Some efforts to increase the quality of melon have been carried out to obtain better quality and quantity through plant breeding programs. Providing new melon inbred lines with different phenotypic and genotypic traits is very important in assembling melon hybrid varieties with new genetic characteristics, potentially production superior melon varieties. The study’s objective was to find out the genetic diversity of the tested melon genotypes and to obtain inbred lines of melon, which are the potential to be developed as superior hybrid varieties. The inbred lines of melons showed that the diversity coefficient values of morphological traits ranged from 0.57 to 1.0. There are 3 Groups, namely Group I, II, and III. Group I comprises two genotypes: MJ 34 and HHX 015. Group II is divided into 2, Group A and B. Gaboup A comprises three genotypes: MJ 25, Amanda variety as the standard of comparison, and MO 29, while Group B has one genotype: HHA 02. Group III comprises three genotypes: MSO 12, MSP 13, and HHAL 01. The traits are as follows: leaf length, leaf width, fruit length, fruit diameter, and the fruit flesh thickness have closely related to yield per plant.
Inheritance of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic characters of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties
Authors: MAU YOSEP SERAN , NDIWA ANTONIUS S. S. , BUNGA WIDASARI , ABIDIN ZAINAL , HARINI TITIK S. , OEMATAN SHIRLY S. , ROEFAIDA EFFY , TALOIM ARISTARKHUS , GADJI ADRIANA , RISNAWATI MARIA , NANA RIGOBERTUS ASA
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Mau YS, Ndiwa ASS, Bunga W, Abidin Z, Harini TS, Oematan SS, Roefaida E, Taloim A, Gadji A, Risnawati M, Nana RA. 2023. Inheritance of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic characters of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties. Biodiversitas 24: 2647-2656. Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek)
is an important pulse crop well adapted to the agro-climatic conditions of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. However, the productivity of mungbean in East Nusa Tenggara is low (~0.5 t ha-1). Plant breeding programs can overcome this problem by assembling superior varieties. This study aimed to determine the genetic control of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic traits of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties. The observed data included seed coat color and agronomic traits. Seed coat color was subjected to chi-square analysis while agronomic traits were subjected to a simple statistical analysis. The results showed that seed coat color was controlled by one co-dominant gene. The plant heights of F2 fell between the two parental means while the number of pods and seed weight fell below the two parental means. The F2 values range was wide and the maximum F2 values were above the parental means. The phenotypic and genetic variability was wide while either the phenotypic diversity or genetic diversity was moderate to high. The heritability values of the six observed traits were high. The highest was observed on the harvesting date (0.92 and 0.94 for reciprocal crosses), whereas the lowest was on seed weight per plant (0.50 and 0.58 for reciprocal crosses).
The antioxidant potential of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from a new bacterial strain
Authors: ALSHAMI HASAN GHALI ABDULHASAN , AL-TAMIMI WIJDAN H. , HATEET RASHID RAHIM
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Alshami HGA, Al-Tamimi WH, Hateet RR. 2023. The antioxidant potential of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized from a new bacterial strain. Biodiversitas 24: 2666-2673. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) have recently gained much attention due to their potential in various fields. The present study aimed to screen nine bacterial strains (Klebsiella quasipneumoniae KP18-31, K. pneumoniae IOB-L, K. quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae 2437, Bacillus cereus DBA1, B. thuringiensis MSP51, Neobacillus drentensis ROA042, Enterococcus faecalis 2674, Exiguobacterium mexicanum AB201, and Acinetobacter lwoffii K34) isolated from produced water of oil field reservoirs for their ability to biosynthesize CuONPs, as well as characterize and evaluate the antioxidant potential of the manufactured CuONPs. Biosynthesized CuONPs were characterized using XRD, TEM, AFM, and zeta potential analysis. In addition, the DPPH method was used to analyze the antioxidant activity of CuONPs. The results revealed that five of the nine isolates could synthesize CuONPs. B. thuringiensis MSP5 was the best and most productive among them, and it was used for the first time in this present study as an oil field bacteria for the biosynthesis of CuONPs. The results showed that CuONPs have a spherical shape with an average size of 20, 33, and 75 nm based on XRD, TEM, and AFM analysis, respectively. The zeta potential value of the synthesized CuONPs was -12.4 mV. The antioxidant results demonstrated that CuONPs have a remarkable scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 141.68 ?g/mL. This study concluded that CuONPs were excellent free radical scavengers.
Analysis of the effect of ENSO and IOD on the productivity of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the South Indian Ocean, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: SAMBAH ABU BAKAR , NOOR’IZZAH AURUM , INTYAS CANDRA ADI , WIDHIYANURIYAWAN DENNY , AFFANDY DIDIET POERNAWAN , WIJAYA ADI
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Sambah AB, Noor’izzah A, Intyas CA, Widhiyanuriyawan D, Affandy DP, Wijaya A. 2023. Analysis of the effect of ENSO and IOD on the productivity of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the South Indian Ocean, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2689-2700. Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is one of the fish that migrates through the Indian Ocean and is primarily caught in the south Java waters which are directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean. Fish abundance and migration are influenced by oceanographic factors, including climatic factors which affect annual and interannual variations, such as the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study aimed to determine the effect of climate anomalies on the productivity of yellowfin tuna in the Indian Ocean south of East Java, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out at Coastal Fishing Port of Pondokdadap East Java, involving 58 respondents consisting of fishermen with yellowfin tuna catches. The boundaries of the research area are at coordinates 110.9°-114.5° East Longitude and 8°-11° South Latitude. The data used in the analysis consisted of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data, chlorophyll-a data, Nino 3.4 data, Dipole Mode Index (DMI) data, and yellowfin tuna catch data for the year 2017-2021. The results showed that of the fifteen GAM models, the combination of variables that most affected fish productivity was the distribution of chlorophyll-a and the ENSO phenomenon with values ??of AIC (1503.33) and DE (64.30%). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the IOD phenomenon was influenced by SST and chlorophyll-a, while SST and chlorophyll-a did not significantly influence the ENSO phenomenon. These results indicated that the phenomenon of climate anomalies and the oceanographic conditions in the waters indirectly affect fish productivity through the food chain process.
Bioprospection of single and a consortium endophytic bacteria of suboptimal field rice isolates as biocontrol of rice bacterial leaf blight pathogens
Authors: DJATMIKO HERU ADI , PRIHATININGSIH NUR , LESTARI PUJI
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Djatmiko HA, Prihatiningsih N, Lestari P. 2023. Bioprospection of single and a consortium endophytic bacteria of suboptimal field rice isolates as biocontrol of rice bacterial leaf blight pathogens. Biodiversitas 24: 2710-2715. Rice root endophytic bacteria isolated from suboptimal land have the potential to control leaf blight by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). The aim of this research was: 1) to test the potential of single and consortium endophytic bacteria single and consortium to control Xoo in vitro, 2) to know the antibiosis mechanism of this endophytic bacteria and 3) to evaluate the biochemical character of the single endophytic bacteria as an antagonist feature. The completely randomized design with 5 single and 1 consortium treatment, 4 replications was used as a research method. The inhibition was carried out using a diffusion method of 108 cfu/mL endophytic bacterial suspension. Filter paper 6 mm diameter had been dripped 10 µL suspension of endophytic bacteria, then it placed 3 spots on NA that had been poured with Xoo. The variable observed was the inhibition zone of endophytic bacteria, the inhibition mechanism, and the character as antagonist produces protease; and siderophore. The results showed that both single and consortium endophytic bacteria could potentially suppress Xoo in-vitro, and the best inhibition was the consortium with an inhibitory area of ??62.74 mm2 and the bacteriostatic mechanism. The consortium's antibiosis index was 1.49, it can produce protease and siderophore with clear zone and orange color features. The endophytic bacteria consortium has the potential as a biopesticide to be developed as an alternative to control rice bacterial leaf blight.
Cytotoxic screening of endophytic fungi associated with Catharanthus roseus
Authors: LAY CATERINA SISKADEWI , AGUSTINA IKRA , ASTUTI PUJI , HERTIANI TRIANA
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Lay CS, Agustina I, Astuti P, Hertiani T. 2023. Cytotoxic screening of endophytic fungi associated with Catharanthus roseus. Biodiversitas 24: 2716-2722. Despite the advancements in cancer therapy, there is still a need for new anticancer agents. Due to the tremendous range of chemical compounds that endophytic fungi create, they have become a crucial component of the current drug development process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of endophytic fungi associated with Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don collected from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All fungal EtOAc extracts were tested against three human cancer cell lines, HeLa, T47D, MCF-7, and Vero cell lines. The potential fungal isolate was identified using molecular techniques. The results showed that a total of seven endophytic fungi were obtained from the different parts of C. roseus. Only one fungus (SCR 3) showed the best cytotoxic activitiy towards all three cell lines used, especially the MCF-7 cell line (IC50 130.90 ?g/mL, Selectivity Index=11.42). The findings of using LC-HRMS also revealed several exciting compounds such as genistein and D-(-)-Mannitol. The results showed that EtOAc extract of SCR 3 (Aspergillus sp.) induced apoptosis but did not affect the cell cycle. This study suggests that EtOAc extract of SCR 3 may be a potential source of secondary metabolites that can function as a new source of anticancer agents.
Evaluation of nutritional values of tree-forage legume leaves from Gunungkidul District, Indonesia
Authors: DARMA I NYOMAN GUNA , JAYANEGARA ANURAGA , SOFYAN AHMAD , BUDIARTILACONI ERIKA , RIDLA MUHAMMAD , HERDIAN HENDRA
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Darma ING, Jayanegara A, Sofyan A, Budiartilaconi E, Ridla M, Herdian H. 2023. Evaluation of nutritional values of tree-forage legume leaves from Gunungkidul District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2733-2744. This study aimed to assess the nutritional value of tree legume leaves found in Gunungkidul District. A completely randomized design with 19 treatments (legume species) and six replications (nylon bags) was employed. The study evaluated the chemical composition, in sacco dry and organic matter degradation characteristics, and their correlation with the chemical composition. The results indicated variations in the crude protein (CP) content (12.44% to 26.9%), crude fiber (CF) content (16.13% to 27.38%), total digestible nutrients (TDN) (71.10% to 88.17%), and total phenol content (2.47% to 21.87%) on a dry matter basis. Among the legume species, Indigofera tinctoria L. exhibited the highest soluble fraction (a) values for dry matter (42.89±1.15%) and organic matter (40.32±1.37%). Additionally, I. tinctoria displayed the highest potential degraded fraction values (a+b) for dry matter (88.33±0.90%) and organic matter (88.12±0.95%). The effective degradation of dry matter (EDDM) and organic matter (EDOM) were 64.57±0.48% and 63.78±0.68%, respectively. The correlation coefficients (r) between ash, CP, TDN, CF, total phenol, and EDDM and EDOM values were 0.54, 0.58, 0.53, -0.73, -0.53, and 0.52, 0.55, 0.52, -0.72, -0.56 respectively. In conclusion, tree-forage legume leaves from Gunungkidul District exhibited varying nutritional values, with I. tinctoria showing the highest values for effective dry and organic matter degradation compared to other tree legumes. The ash content, CP, and TDN demonstrated positive correlations with the EDDM and EDOM values, whereas the CF content and total phenol exhibited negative correlations with the EDDM and EDOM values of tree legume leaves.
Ethnobotany of food plants used by Minangkabau Community in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: AGESTI ASIH RAHAYU AJENG , ARIYANTI NUNIK SRI , CHIKMAWATI TATIK , PURWANTO YOHANES
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Agesti ARA, Ariyanti NS, Chikmawati T, Purwanto Y. 2023. Ethnobotany of food plants used by Minangkabau Community in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2756-2767. The Minangkabau tribe is well known for its culture and cuisine, but documents on their knowledge and wisdom in the utilization of food plants are still limited. This study aims to inventory plant species used for food by Minangkabau community, assess their importance and economic value, and analyze the important landscapes where the food plants are obtained. This study was conducted in six villages representing different level of modernization in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra which is one of the centers of origin of Minangkabau ancestral. Data were collected through open, semi-structured and structured interviews with key informants and respondents. The Pebble Distribution Method (PDM) is used for scoring activities. Data were analyzed to show the use values (UVs), local user's value index (LUVI), index of cultural significance (ICS), and economic value of the food plants. The interviewed informants mentioned 154 plant species from 51 families were used for food. Cocos nucifera L. has the most various uses as food (highest UVs) and is the most important cultivated plant for the Minangkabau culture (ICS) in all the six villages. The most important food plant species based on a community perspective (highest LUVI) is Oryza sativa L. The wild plants having the highest LUVI and ICS differed among the villages. Plants with high economic value include O. sativa, Durio zibethinus Murray and Citrus aurantium L. The landscapes considered important are paddy fields and fields because they provide staple food. Information from this study can support food diversification to achieve food security based on the local knowledge on the diversity of food plant species and potential landraces in Minangkabau community.
Ethnobiology study of Begawi traditional ceremony by Pepadun community in Buyut Ilir Village, Central Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: ULFA DIAH MARYYA , YUDIYANTO YUDIYANTO , HAKIM NASRUL , WAKHIDAH ANISATU Z.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Ulfa DM, Yudiyanto, Hakim N, Wakhidah AZ. 2023. Ethnobiology study of Begawi traditional ceremony by Pepadun community in Buyut Ilir Village, Central Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2768-2778. The Begawi ceremony is carried out by the people of Lampung Pepadun to obtain a traditional title. Many people do not know about plants, animals, parts of plants, parts of animals used and the meaning and philosophy contained therein. This study aimed to determine the stages of the Begawi ceremony procession of the Lampung Pepadun community in Buyut Ilir Village, Central Lampung, Indonesia, the species of plants used and the used part, the species of animals used and the used part, and the philosophy contained in the Begawi ceremony. This research is qualitative field research. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. The snowball sampling method was used to select the respondents. The results showed that the stages of the ceremony consisted of peppung, cangget, ngediyo, nigel, turun mandei, musek, nikel kibau, and cakak pepadun. Twenty five species of plants from 17 families and 4 species of animals from three families are used in Begawi traditional ceremony. Plant parts used are stems, flowers, leaves, seeds, buds and fruit. The philosophy contained therein is peace, prosperity, well-being, and gratitude to God Almighty. Plant conservation efforts have been made, but no conservation efforts have been made for the animals used.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and fish visual census reveals the first record of Doboatherina magnidentata in the Philippines
Authors: BAUTISTA JOHN ARLU , MANUBAG JANECE JEAN , SUMAYA NANETTE HOPE , MARTINEZ JOEY GENEVIEVE , TABUGO SHARON ROSE
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Bautista JA, Manubag JJ, Sumaya NH, Martinez JG, Tabugo SR. 2023. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and fish visual census reveals the first record of Doboatherina magnidentatain the Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 3063-3072. Biodiversity monitoring is the cornerstone for conserving marine fish species. However, classical methods, like the Fish Visual Census (FVC), are often limited due to sampling difficulties, the occurrence of rare and cryptic organisms, and reliance on a taxonomic expert for species identification. Recently, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has been suggested as a non-invasive, powerful tool for biomonitoring. This study evaluates the eDNA approach as complementary tool for the FVC data in species detection and identification of important marine fishes from the marine sanctuary of Dalipuga, Iligan City, Philippines. The findings obtained through the eDNA approach provide insights into identifying significant fish species. Notably, the presence of the Hippocampus kuda Bleeker, 1852 (yellow seahorse), categorized as a vulnerable and threatened species, was detected. Additionally, the study identified Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus Rüppell, 1837 (bluestripe herring), a native species to the Philippines that may pose potential risks to humans and the ecological balance. Furthermore, two demersal fish species, namely Large-scale whiting (Sillaginops macrolepis Bleeker, 1858) and Large-scale mullet (Planiliza macrolepis Smith, 1846), were also detected. The eDNA approach also delineated the morphologically cryptic fishes from Scaridae (parrotfishes) and Mugilidae (mullet fish) taxa to the species level. The highlight of this study was the detectionof the new Indo-pacific atherinomorine fish species Doboatherina magnidentata, which to the best of our knowledge, was the first record in the Philippine marine waters. Despite the efficiency of the eDNA metabarcoding in fish species detection and identification, the viability of eDNA in the marine environment and biases of the primer limit this method. Thus, the classical method must complement the molecular approach for better taxonomic resolution and community analysis. Future studies were also recommended to use a multigene eDNA approach to improve taxonomic sensitivity and reduce primer biases.
Membership and citizenship within an embedded theory of democracy
Authors: Balestri Claudio
Published: June 2023

While the main economic theories regarding the third sector argue that nonprofit organisations arise as institutional solutions to government and market failures, their role in influencing public and market outcomes are far less explored in economic research. This gap can be filled by borrowing from the social capital literature that provides a more highly integrated vision of the relationship among the three sectors. From this overturned perspective, the paper suggests an embedded theory of democracy in which civil society organisations play a crucial role in making democratic institutions work, by shaping social relations among citizens through equal and inclusive membership structures.
Redefining domestic violence in France as a violation of human rights: coercive control
Authors: Lavédrine Marine , Gruev-Vintila Andreea
Published: June 2023

The historical evolution of social and legal conceptions of gender based domestic violence in France are the dynamic traces of how social practice, as well as social representations, formed and transformed. However, numerous studies show that the current incident-based conceptions of domestic violence are far from the victims’ experiences, and only partially effective in detecting, criminalising and preventing domestic violence. Understanding the global process by which perpetrators subordinate the victims, mostly women and children, by progressively depriving them of their human rights and liberties, led to a contemporary conceptualisation of domestic violence as coercive control (Stark, 2007). Recognising the roots of domestic violence in gender inequality, far from reducing it to some individual, psychological issues, this human-rights based conception of domestic violence is much closer to the victims’ experiences, has led to legal innovation in the ways in which several countries understand, criminalise and prevent domestic violence, and could be at the core of emerging social representations of domestic violence.
Analysis of high-dimensional metabolomics data with complex temporal dynamics using RM-ASCA+
Authors: Erdős Balázs , Westerhuis Johan A. , Adriaens Michiel E. , O’Donovan Shauna D. , Xie Ren , Singh-Povel Cécile M. , Smilde Age K. , Arts Ilja C. W.
Published: June 2023

The intricate dependency structure of biological “omics” data, particularly those originating from longitudinal intervention studies with frequently sampled repeated measurements renders the analysis of such data challenging. The high-dimensionality, inter-relatedness of multiple outcomes, and heterogeneity in the studied systems all add to the difficulty in deriving meaningful information. In addition, the subtle differences in dynamics often deemed meaningful in nutritional intervention studies can be particularly challenging to quantify. In this work we demonstrate the use of quantitative longitudinal models within the repeated-measures ANOVA simultaneous component analysis+ (RM-ASCA+) framework to capture the dynamics in frequently sampled longitudinal data with multivariate outcomes. We illustrate the use of linear mixed models with polynomial and spline basis expansion of the time variable within RM-ASCA+ in order to quantify non-linear dynamics in a simulation study as well as in a metabolomics data set. We show that the proposed approach presents a convenient and interpretable way to systematically quantify and summarize multivariate outcomes in longitudinal studies while accounting for proper within subject dependency structures.
Surviving critical COVID-19: How functionality, physical, mental and cognitive outcomes evolve?
Authors: Teixeira-Vaz Ana , Rocha José Afonso , Oliveira Mafalda , Simões-Moreira Tiago , Reis David Almeida e , Silva Ana Isabel , Paiva José Artur
Published: June 2023

Purpose

To analyze the long-term consequences of critical COVID-19, regarding physical, mental, cognitive and functional impairments, and to describe its evolution through time.

Methods

Prospective cohort study, with consecutive inclusion of patients admitted due to SARS-CoV-2 to intensive care units(ICU) of a tertiary-care center, between May/2020 and September/2021. All included patients were included in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine(PRM) inpatient programs during ICU stay. Eligible patients were evaluated on PRM appointments 6 and 12 months after ICU discharge. In each visit, physical examination and a predefined set of scales were applied, aiming to comprehensively evaluate the three domains (physical, mental and cognitive) of post-intensive care syndrome and the patients’ functionality. Statistical analysis encompassed descriptive and univariate analysis.

Results

A total of 42 patients were included: 66.7% males, mean age of 62 yo. In the physical domain, 6 months after ICU discharge, there was a significant reduction in quality of life (p-value = 0.034), muscle strength (p-value = 0.002), gait ability (p-value<0.001) and balance (p-values<0.001) and increased fatigue levels (p-value = 0.009), in comparison with reference values. Yet, a significative positive evolution was observed in all referred subdomains (p-values<0.05). Nevertheless, 12 months after discharge, muscle strength (p-value = 0.001), gait (p-value<0.001) and balance (p-value<0.001) were still significantly compromised. Regarding the mental domain, both at 6 and 12 months after discharge, the levels of anxiety and depression were significantly increased (p-values<0.001). Nonetheless, a positive evolution was also found (p-values<0.02). Cognitive performance was significantly impaired in comparison with reference values, both at 6 and 12 months (p-value<0.001). Yet, a global improvement was also depicted (p-value = 0.003). Six months after ICU discharge, 54.8% were autonomous in activities of daily living, a value that improved to 74.0% in the subsequent 6 months (p-value = 0.002).

Conclusion

Critical COVID-19 survivors present significant physical, mental and cognitive impairments 6 and 12 months after ICU discharge, despite their positive evolution through time.
Online mental health services during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: Challenges from psychologist perspective
Authors: Geraldina Alma Marikka , Suen Mein-Woei , Suanrueang Passakorn
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 are causing many psychological impacts and change many aspects of human life. Mental health services also experiencing changes because of COVID-19 outbreak. In Indonesia, COVID-19 outbreak prompted the rapid development of online mental health services. These online mental health services which will help people to connect with professional mental healthcare providers using technology were created in response to this pandemic. Therefore, converting mental health services into online services in a state of urgency is challenging. This qualitative case study aims to provide a map of the service challenges that professional healthcare providers face while providing online services at present time by interviewing eight Indonesian psychologists as one of the mental health professionals who provided the online mental health services. Semi-structured interviews were done using interview guidelines with open-ended questions, and any other complementary data was collected using questionnaire. The data gathered from interviews was first performed through triangulation and then analyzed using thematic network analysis, which resulted in the following challenges: (1) building engagement; (2) risk of getting distracted during the sessions; (3) maintaining professional boundaries during the sessions; (4) keeping the personal information and confidentiality of the sessions; (5) perceived efficacy; and (6) attitudes towards online sessions. According to the results, the relevant organization can use this finding to contribute and develop the online mental health services both in this COVID-19 situation and in the future.
The role of perceived social norms in non-suicidal self-injury and suicidality: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Dempsey Robert C. , Fedorowicz Sophia E. , Wood Alex M.
Published: June 2023

Social norms are an important influence on health-related behaviours and intention formation. As both suicidal behaviour and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) can be motivated by intentions, perceived social norms may have an important role in suicide and NSSI outcomes, although no existing reviews of this association exist. Following the PRISMA Scoping Review extension guidance, a scoping review based on systematic searches of key databases was conducted to identify published English language studies investigating the role of perceived social norms in suicidality and NSSI. Information regarding the types of social norms studied, their relationship to suicidality/NSSI outcomes, study samples and designs was charted. Thirty-six eligible studies (31 quantitative, 4 qualitative, 1 mixed methods) sampling various populations across mostly non-clinical settings were identified and narratively synthesised. Studies varied in how social norms were operationalised, measured, and investigated/explored. Most studies focused on the role of conformity to perceived masculine social norms or to some form of subjective, descriptive, or injunctive norms; there were limited studies on female/feminine norms, pro-social/protective norms, or broader gender/sexuality norms. Most studies (n = 31) were cross-sectional (quantitative) in design, few were based on existing theories of suicide/NSSI or social norms, and none concurrently tested theories of social norms and NSSI/suicidality. Perceived social norms and stronger conformity to norms were generally associated with worse NSSI/suicidality, although some pro-social norms appeared to be protective (e.g., perceived parental norms for adolescents). Whilst conformity to restrictive perceived social norms may be related to poorer suicide and NSSI outcomes, there is a lack of consistency in the literature in how social norms are defined and measured, a lack of theory-based hypothesis testing, and few longitudinal studies. There is a need for more nuanced, theory-based, investigations of how, when, where, why, and for whom, perceived norms have a causal role in NSSI and suicidality outcomes.
Changes in health-related lifestyle choices of university students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Associations between food choices, physical activity and health
Authors: Jakobsdottir Greta , Stefansdottir Runa Sif , Gestsdottir Sunna , Stefansson Vignir , Johannsson Erlingur , Rognvaldsdottir Vaka , Gisladottir Thordis Lilja
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on our lives and society, influencing both individuals’ lifestyles and habits. Recent research shows that anxiety and loneliness have continued to rise, along with changes in food and lifestyle choices. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the pandemic influenced food choices and consumption of energy drinks, alcohol, fruits, and vegetables among first-year university students. Additionally, assessing the relationship between mental and physical health, physical activity, and food choices. A total of 128 male and 128 female first-year students at the University of Iceland were invited to answer an electronic questionnaire in January and early February 2021. A total of 118 students (54% men) participated in the study and valid answers were 115 (46% participation rate). Almost half of the students (44%) experienced that their food choices had worsened, while 14% reported an improvement, compared to before the pandemic. Consumption of caffeinated beverages increased for 26% of students, while 19% experienced a decrease. Just over half of the students reported not drinking alcohol (13%) or reduced consumption (41%). Participants who reported that their mental health had deteriorated or remained the same tended to spend less time on physical activity and experienced worsened food choices (p<0.05). Similarly, those who spent less or the same time on physical activity estimated that their food choices had deteriorated (p<0.05). The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the lifestyles of university students and this study has revealed how lifestyle choices and mental health seem to be highly affected by one another. Additionally, the potentially harmful effects of excessive intake of energy drinks need to be enhanced. Interestingly, about 40% of the respondents in the current study drank less alcohol during the pandemic than prior to the pandemic, indicating a strong relationship between alcohol drinking and social gatherings. This study reveals the importance of educating young people on healthy lifestyle choices and the importance of mental health needs to be emphasised.
HIV testing in jails: Comparing strategies to maximize engagement in HIV treatment and prevention
Authors: Levano Samantha R. , Epting Mallory E. , Pluznik Jacob A. , Philips Victoria , Riback Lindsey R. , Zhang Chenshu , Aseffa Binyam , Kapadia Aman R. , Bowden Chava J. , Jordan Beth , O’Donovan Eleni , Spaulding Anne C. , Akiyama Matthew J.
Published: June 2023

Despite 15,000 people enter US jails yearly with undiagnosed HIV infection, routine HIV testing is not standard. Maximizing the yield and speed of HIV testing in short-term detention facilities could promote rapid entry or re-entry of people living with HIV (PLWH) into care. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of third generation, rapid point-of-care (rPOC) vs. fourth generation, laboratory-based antigen/antibody (LBAg/Ab) testing on the HIV care cascade in a large urban jail during a planned transition. We used aggregate historical data to compare rPOC testing and LBAg/Ab testing in the D.C. Department of Corrections. We examined two time periods, January to August 2019 when rPOC testing was performed, and October 2019 to January 2020 after LBAg/Ab testing began. We calculated monthly rates of HIV tests performed, HIV test results received, HIV test results received among those tested, antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, and proportion of PLWH receiving discharge planning prior to release. We then conducted an interrupted time series analysis to assess the differences between testing periods. There were 14,237 entrants during the first time period and 7,569 entrants during the second. Transitioning from rPOC to LBAg/Ab testing increased the rate of test uptake by 38.5% (95% CI: 14.0, 68.3), decreased the rate of test results received among those tested by 13.1% (95% CI: -14.0, -12.1), and increased the combined rate of HIV tests performed and results received by 20.4% (95% CI: 1.5, 42.8). Although the rate of HIV testing was greater under LBAg/Ab, PLWH received results immediately through rPOC testing, which is critically important in short-stay enviroments. Increasing rPOC uptake would increase its value and combined testing may maximize the detection of HIV and receipt of results among persons passing through jails.
Variability of response on prophylactic prasugrel for endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: Clinical implications
Authors: Hong Noah , Kim Seung Bin , Yang Hee-Jin , Son Young-Je
Published: June 2023

Background and purpose

Prophylactic prasugrel for endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms has been introduced and increased, but HTPR (high on-treatment platelet reactivity) or LTPR (low on-treatment platelet reactivity) of prasugrel is not uncommon in clinical circumstances. To investigate the predisposing factors of HTPR and LTPR on prasugrel premedication in the neurointerventional field and to determine its clinical implications.

Materials and methods

Between February 2016 and December 2020, 191 patients treated with coil embolization using prophylactic prasugrel in 234 intracranial aneurysms were the final candidates for this study. Patient and aneurysm characteristics, clinical status, and laboratory study values were carefully reviewed retrospectively. We performed risk factor analyses for HTPR and LTPR on prasugrel.

Results

Ultimately, 20 patients (10.5%) had HTPR, and 74 patients (38.7%) were categorized as having LTPR. In multivariable analyses, the factors related to HTPR were BMI (adjusted OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.04–1.41, p = 0.01), history of antithrombotics (adjusted OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.39–10.34, p = 0.01), and hematocrit (adjusted OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84–0.99, p = 0.03). Low BMI was the only risk factor for LTPR (adjusted OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.76–0.94, p = 0.001).

Conclusion

In the neurointerventional field, high BMI and prior use of antithrombotic agents were related to HTPR, and low BMI was associated with LTPR on prophylactic prasugrel. High hematocrit levels decreased the risk of HTPR. When preparing endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms, attention to patients with these clinical features is required to address the possibility of ischemic or bleeding complications.