bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age and gender differences in the recognition, use and perception of a selection of Anglicisms
Authors: Ponce Folgado Carlos
Published: January 2025

It is undeniable that, in recent years, the English language has had a considerable and growing impact on the language and culture of Spain. The present research aims to explore and examine the knowledge, use and perception of a specific selection of Anglicisms, taking into consideration age and gender variables, in a group of one hundred randomly chosen native Spanish individuals. Firstly, a theoretical framework that defines the concept of Anglicism, is presented emphasising its pragmatic functions, in order to understand the purpose behind their use and the general population’s perception of them. The influence of English on Spanish society throughout history is also addressed, along with potential factors that have contributed to the increase of English terms in the Spanish vocabulary. For the implementation of this study, a survey was designed and distributed online targeting one hundred individuals. The first part of the survey included questions about personal traits: age within a suggested range, gender, highest level of education, and English proficiency level. On the other hand, the second part focused on answering questions about a selection of eight Anglicisms with the aim of gathering relevant information. These eight terms were grouped into four categories: curvy and outfit for fashion; gadget and streaming for technology; bagel and detox for gastronomy; and finally, red flag and staff for society. In this way, the aim was to determine the frequency, context and reasons for the use of these terms, as well as the opinions they elicit, taking into account potential age and gender differences. The main findings reveal that young people, for the most part, show a largely positive attitude towards Anglicisms, preferring to use them primarily in oral and informal contexts. Additionally, significant differences were observed between genders in the familiarity with certain Anglicisms, and it was found that context influences and plays an important role in their knowledge and use. Therefore, the findings obtained in this study can be useful for future research on Anglicisms and for broadening the understanding of this current phenomenon.
Composición conceptual de símbolos y abreviaturas para la interpretación consecutiva en el sector de la joyería
Authors: Ruiz Mezcua Aurora
Published: January 2025

Dos de los principales escollos con los que se encuentran los intérpretes, especialmente los que trabajan en mercados locales, son la especialización y diversidad en la temática de los discursos que interpretan. Para poder acometer con solvencia un encargo de interpretación sobre un ámbito en el que no se es experto, es necesario que el intérprete realice de antemano una concienzuda labor de documentación. El conocimiento sobre un tema en interpretación se adquiere, sobre todo, a través de la interiorización y gestión de términos especializados. El propósito de este estudio es crear una composición conceptual para la interpretación. Para ello, se analizan estudios previos sobre la preparación de encargos y sobre los postulados en los que se basa la técnica de tomas de notas y simbología/abreviación. Entre ellos destacan las teorías semióticas (desde Saussure 1916 a Chandler 2022), la Teoría de los marcos (Frames theory, Feber 2005), la Teoría/Escuela del sentido (Théorie du sens, Selesckovich y Lederer 1976), el Modelo de esfuerzos (The Efforts model, Gile 1995) o el concepto de Para-traducción (Nord 2012, Yuste Frías 2005) aplicado a la interpretación o Para-interpretación. Además, se plantea una reflexión sobre las posibles aportaciones que las lenguas que aún hoy incluyen ideogramas en su grafía pueden proporcionar a esta técnica. Por último, se ofrece un listado de símbolos y abreviaturas que tienen por objetivo servir de ayuda al intérprete que emplea terminología técnica multilingüe, más concretamente, dentro del sector industrial de la joyería, un ámbito poco estudiado en conjunción con la traducción y la interpretación. Dicha ayuda otorgada al intérprete tiene un doble propósito: servir como método de análisis en la preparación de encargos y como sistema de apoyo mnemotécnico en el acto de interpretación. Para ello, se han seleccionado treinta y dos términos sobre joyería (procedentes de la extracción terminológica llevada a cabo en el proyecto FEDER Bijoulex en 2021) que servirán para la creación del sistema conceptual de interpretación propuesto. En este sentido, los conceptos (símbolos y abreviaturas) aparecen categorizados según mapas mentales (Buzan y Buzan 2006) por tipología y organizados en diagramas de Carroll según el grado o ausencia de tecnicidad. Obviamente, este diseño se puede modificar, ampliar o implementar en función de las necesidades del usuario (estudiante, profesional o intérprete en prácticas) o aplicar a otros sectores y disciplinas de alta especialización.
Longitud léxica y frecuencia de uso en el español contemporáneo: un análisis estadístico de corpus
Authors: Martínez Martínez Inmaculada , Ueda Hiroto
Published: January 2025

En esta investigación se aborda la relación inversa que se produce en español entre la longitud léxica y la frecuencia de uso considerando los procesos de formación de palabras. Este objetivo central se aborda al tener en cuenta la estructura (derivación) de las palabras, para lo cual se analiza cuantitativamente la relación entre la longitud de las palabras, la frecuencia de uso, la formación de palabras y el estilo de escritura. Se revisan los análisis previos, basados exclusivamente en el cómputo de caracteres (Takefuta 1981; Yoshioka 1996), y también aquellos estudios que consideran la sílaba como unidad de medida de longitud (Herdan 1956; Gómez Guinovart 1999). En ambos casos se muestran sus carencias a través del análisis estadístico. Cuando la longitud de la palabra se mide utilizando el número de sílabas, el primer término de la distribución de frecuencia, las palabras de una sílaba, se convierten en un grupo que incluye palabras de distinto número de fonemas. De esta forma, el uso de unidades de medida aproximadas, como las sílabas, da como resultado observaciones aproximadas que no proporcionan una imagen precisa de la situación. Los resultados apuntan a que la longitud de las formas debe observarse desde una perspectiva no física, sino lingüística. Se considera en este estudio que la longitud lingüística de una palabra debe medirse desde la perspectiva de la morfología derivacional teórica y práctica, es decir, mediante prefijos y sufijos, que son unidades de morfología derivada. Lo que hace posible este tipo de análisis es, en definitiva, el estudio de frecuencia de los afijos. La metodología que se sigue es la correspondiente al análisis estadístico con medidas básicas como la distribución de frecuencia, la desviación estándar y otras fórmulas de creación propia en el programa R (R Core Team 2021). Asimismo, empleamos ggplot2 (Wickham 2016) para crear gráficos. Los textos sometidos a análisis forman parte de un corpus del español contemporáneo hablado y escrito reunido ad hoc para el estudio. Esta selección pretende aportar una solución general a una variedad de materiales y no una visión particular de un único material, lo que da como resultado una conclusión no definitiva, pero sí más fiable.
Relaciones entre toponimia y etimología: una muestra de oronimia asturiana
Authors: Menéndez Fernández Claudia Elena
Published: January 2025

Las relaciones que se establecen entre la investigación toponímica y la etimología o la lexicología histórica de una lengua son ampliamente beneficiosas. Sabido es que los topónimos, y en especial aquellos cuyo origen es de tipo léxico, contienen información fonética o gramatical precisa sobre el estado de la lengua en el momento de su fijación, lo que resulta de gran interés para caracterizar su evolución interna. En este sentido, para mostrar la relevancia de los estudios toponímicos no solo por sí mismos sino como complemento de otras disciplinas, el objetivo que se plantea en esta investigación consiste en presentar un análisis etimológico de un conjunto de nombres de lugar de una de las demarcaciones administrativas locales o parroquias de Asturias. El corpus que se emplea como punto de partida presenta una relación exhaustiva de los 743 topónimos documentados en la demarcación local escogida, de los cuales se seleccionan los que tienen una motivación semántica oronímica, es decir, los que hacen referencia a la tierra y a sus formaciones, debidas tanto a la acción de la naturaleza como a la actividad humana. Tras una breve descripción de las posibles perspectivas metodológicas de estudio que se pueden adoptar en las investigaciones toponímicas, se desarrolla el análisis propuesto. Siguiendo las directrices establecidas, se determina en cada caso el étimo remoto, así como el apelativo –debidamente definido y categorizado– desde el que se origina el topónimo o topónimos señalados, atendiendo también a las particularidades fonéticas que pueda mostrar la expresión del nombre de lugar y a la caracterización de su estructura morfosintáctica interna, que podrá ser simple, compuesta o derivada por medio de diferentes tipos de sufijos (aumentativos, diminutivos, colectivos). Dado que la lengua tradicional de Asturias es el asturiano, los apelativos sobre los que se fijan los topónimos pertenecerán a esta lengua y, en consecuencia, el estudio de los mismos podrá redundar en un mayor aprovechamiento para un examen de la historia de este idioma.
Prevalence of lumpy skin disease and associated risk factors in beef cattle in Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Yayan Taufiq , Primatika Roza Azizah , Drastini Yatri
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically devastating infectious disease in cattle. Rembang Regency, located in Central Java, Indonesia, has suffered over 3800 cases of LSD and 75 deaths since early 2023. This region holds the 4th number of most populous beef cattle producers in Central Java. However, until now, there have been no reports on the prevalence and risk factors related to LSD in beef cattle in Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of LSD and identify associated risk factors in Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.

Materials and Methods: The sample size was 458 cattle, which were determined using the formula (n = 4PQ/L2) and two-stage random sampling technique, were examined physically through LSD typical clinical signs, namely distinguishing firm, circumscribed, few (mild forms) to multiple (severe forms) skin nodules. Structured questionnaires and interviews with farm owners were used to identify risk factors. The data related to the LSD were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis with Chi-square and odd ratios, and multivariate logistic regression to retrieve the logit model. All data were compiled in Microsoft® Excel, while analyses were performed using SPSS version 26.0.

Results: The prevalence of LSD in Rembang Regency was 28.2%. There were 11 significant risk factors associated with LSD. The multivariate analysis indicated that risk factors significantly contributing to LSD were knowledge of LSD transmission (p = 0.035, Odds ratios [OR] = 2.933), waste management (p = 0.014, OR = 4.015), rainy season (p = 0.019, OR = 2.944), and proximity between farms (p = 0.003, OR = 4.506). The logistic regression model analysis was as follows: LSD (Y) = −6.719 + 1.041 (knowledge of LSD transmission) + 1.390 (waste management) + 1.080 (rainy season) + 1.505 (proximity between farms).

Conclusion: This study revealed a significant prevalence of LSD in Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, with 28.2% of cattle affected. Key risk factors contributing to LSD outbreaks were insufficient knowledge of transmission, inadequate waste management, seasonal rainfall, and close proximity between farms. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions, including educational programs for farm owners, improved waste management practices, and strategies to mitigate seasonal and spatial risks to control LSD in the region effectively.

Keywords: lumpy skin disease, prevalence, risk factors.
Empowering IoT: leveraging data sensor communication with LoRAWAN in diverse environments
Authors: Noprianto Noprianto , Dien Habibie Ed , Sukmana Septian Enggar , Al Baity Fayyadh , Mentari Mustika
Published: January 2025

The Internet of Things (IoT) connects countless devices, such as sensors and actuators, necessitating an efficient long-range communication technology. Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) solutions, such as LoRAWAN, SIGFOX, and NB-IoT, address this demand. LoRAWAN, known for its low power consumption, excels in Line of Sight (LOS) conditions, offering an effective long-range wireless communication. It’s ideal for monitoring open areas. In Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) scenarios, LoRAWAN provides wide coverage and energy efficiency, though the signal quality may slightly decline. This research tests LoRAWAN’s performance for sensor data communication both inside multi-story buildings (up to 8 storeys) and outside. The results show successful data transmission in both scenarios, including up to 2.60 km with a 35 dBi outdoor antenna.
Intention of Generation Z to Visit Halal Tourism Destination in West Java
Authors: Mutmainah Lu'liyatul , Andani Listia , Taufik Nuryanti
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has great potential in the tourism sector, including halal tourism, such as in West Java. Technological developments and digitalization permeating various sectors can influence people's interest in traveling, including Generation Z. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting Generation Z's desire to visit halal tourism destinations in West Java. This study investigates the factors according to the Theory of Perceived Behavior or TPB (subjective norms, attitude towards behavior, and perceived behavioral control), spiritual considerations (religiosity), and digital promotion (electronic word-of-mouth). Furthermore, the study incorporates halal literacy as a moderating variable, assessing its impact on the TPB's influence on tourist intention to visit halal tourism destinations. This study employed an online questionnaire, collecting data from 219 respondents. The gathered data was subsequently analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that perceived behavioral control, electronic world-of-mouth, and halal literacy have a significant and positive effect on Generation Z's interest in visiting halal tourism destinations in West Java. However, subjective norms, attitudes toward behavior, and religiosity did not have a significant effect. Moreover, halal literacy also failed to moderate the relationship between TPB and behavioral intention in this study. A strategy is needed to develop halal literacy combined with online media tools to promote halal tourism in West Java.
Identifying Batik Motifs in Early Childhood Art Learning: Developing Creativity and Cultural Awareness
Authors: Afwanni Tiwi , Pamungkas Joko
Published: January 2025

Batik is one of Indonesia's most renowned traditional art forms, crafted by hand and rich in cultural significance. Introducing batik to children early is essential for preserving local heritage and fostering creativity, imagination, and motor skill development. This study aims to explore the identification of batik motifs in art education at PPBI Batik Kindergarten Yogyakarta and its role in enhancing creativity and cultural awareness in early childhood. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The research subjects included the principal and teachers of the kindergarten. Data analysis involved reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that several traditional batik motifs are incorporated into art learning, including kawung, parang, lereng (slope), truntum, and semen motifs, alongside modernized variations created by the children. The study demonstrated that identifying and learning batik motifs enhanced children’s artistic skills and deepened their cultural awareness. Through the use of visual and qualitative analysis methods, children were able to understand and appreciate the symbolic meanings of various motifs. Their participation in the creative process—from motif introduction, drawing, and canting to coloring—enhanced their creativity and art skills. This research concludes that art education involving batik at PPBI Batik Kindergarten Yogyakarta fosters children’s creativity, artistic abilities, and cultural awareness while contributing to the broader preservation of Indonesia's cultural heritage.
Parent Involvement in School Programs: How Parents are Actively Involved in Islamic Kindergarten
Authors: Amalia Nur Fatihah , Maryatun Ika Budi
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to describe parental involvement in school programs at Nurul Iman Islamic Kindergarten, Mataram City, as an effort to support the advancement of early childhood education (ECE). This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data collection techniques were carried out through triangulation, and data analysis was conducted inductively/qualitatively, with the researcher serving as the primary instrument. The study subjects included classroom teachers, the kindergarten principal, and parents of the children. Data analysis was conducted systematically by organizing, categorizing, synthesizing, and interpreting data from interviews, field notes, and documentation. The results indicate eight forms of parental involvement in school programs, including Committee Meetings, Inspiration Classes, Parent Classes, Parenting Classes, Sabtu Budaya, Outing Classes, Parent-Child Competitions, and the Maulid Nabi celebration. This involvement significantly benefits and supports the educational development of children. The parental involvement programs were successfully implemented and aligned with the planned objectives. Parents were not merely financial supporters but also participants, supporters, decision-makers, program implementers, and school committee members. This demonstrates strong collaboration between the school and parents in supporting early childhood education. The study, conducted in a single Islamic kindergarten, limits generalizability to broader contexts. Future research should compare diverse educational settings, incorporate parent surveys, and focus on long-term impacts. Reliance on interviews and documentation may overlook socio-economic influences. Additionally, researcher subjectivity suggests the need for more standardized methodologies.
Spatial-situational approach to airport transport security management
Authors: Borzova А. S. , Elisov L. N. , Ovchenkov N. I.
Published: January 2025

The trend in the development of systems for ensuring and managing aviation security of transport facilities in recent years has acquired the character of a transition from classical regulatory management schemes to automated control schemes using procedures based on the theory of optimal control. A number of factors can be identified that reduce the effectiveness of security management in the current system: problems related to time, post-factum processing of situational events, non-systemic collection and processing of information, the problem of hypothetical and potential security threats, the problem of security integrality and security systems integrality, the problem of indivisibility of security and the problem of vulnerability of transport infrastructure and, finally, the problems of forecasting the development of negative events. All this implies a transition to information security management, which is based on a spatial-situational approach. The paper substantiates the emergence of threat space, protection space and security space and shows the possibilities of using these spaces to solve the problems of formalization of security management procedures in the modeling process.
Analyzing resource saving and environmental safety in oil and gas waste processing system to provide sustainable development
Authors: Derevyanov M. Yu. , Pleshivtseva Yu. Е. , Afinogentov A. А. , Mandra A. G.
Published: January 2025

The problems of environmental safety and resource conservation in the processing of industrial waste at Russian oil and gas enterprises are becoming more and more significant, especially in the context of current trends focused on decarbonization and sustainable development. The growth of industrial waste is not compensated by the corresponding growth in the volume and quality of processing, since only 10% of oily waste is processed, and the rest is buried or incinerated, which has an additional harmful impact on the environment. The article proposes a new approach to multifactor analysis of resource conservation and environmental safety in the integrated processing of industrial waste from oil and gas enterprises to achieve sustainable development goals. The algorithm developed by the authors, the theoretical basis of which is the method of data envelopment analysis (DEA), determines the sequence of solving interrelated problems of multifactor comparison of objects of the waste processing system by heterogeneous quality criteria: resource value, resource potential, resource saving and environmental safety. These problems are formulated on the basis of the super-efficiency model of the DEA method as a mathematical programming problem. The presented and tested approach to multifactor analysis of resource conservation and environmental safety of the waste treatment system allows: (1) to obtain and analyze relative comparative assessments of waste storage facilities and technologies regarding heterogeneous quality criteria, and (2) forming local and general decision-making strategies that provide sustainable development goals. The proposed approach appears promising for multiple prospective applications in the oil-bearing regions of the Russian Federation, where the growth in the formation of industrial waste has severe and irreversible environmental consequences.
Comparative analysis of the efficiency of catalytic methane pyrolysis technology for hydrogen production based on DEA method
Authors: Kazarinov А. V.
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of methane pyrolysis technologies and various catalysts using the DEA method. The study is based on an extensive set of experimental data obtained under laboratory conditions. Application of DEA method allowed to identify key factors affecting the pyrolysis process performance, including costs, process parameters and catalyst properties. Particular attention is paid to the role of catalysts in the methane pyrolysis process. Highly efficient catalysts show significant increases in reaction rate and decreases in energy costs.
The DEA method allowed the identification of key factors affecting process efficiency, including the choice of catalyst carrier, temperature conditions and composition of active components. The analysis revealed that catalyst stability and its ability to maintain high activity over the reaction time were particularly important for industrial applications.
The results of the analysis allowed us to evaluate the relative efficiency of each catalyst and identify the most optimal combinations of reaction conditions. It was found that catalysts with high nickel content (more than 80%) on Al₂O₃ carrier show the highest efficiency at about 750 ℃, achieving high values of methane conversion and hydrogen yield. SiO₂ based catalysts show high initial activity, but tend to deactivate or carbonize with time, which in turn markedly reduces their efficiency in long-term processes.
The results highlight the importance of optimal catalyst composition and reaction conditions to improve the efficiency and economic viability of the methane pyrolysis process. The study demonstrates the potential of DEA method as a tool for comprehensive assessment and optimization of technological processes of hydrogen production and emphasizes the prospects for further development and implementation of methane pyrolysis technology in industrial hydrogen production as a component of the transition to low-carbon energy production.
Study of thermohydrodynamic processes in the air environment in the system of melting ice on the wires of the power transmission line
Authors: Bazarov А. А. , Budko S. I.
Published: January 2025

The paper considers issues related to modeling thermal and hydrodynamic processes in the "wire – ice shell – air" system that occur during melting of ice on wires. The problem of ice shell growth on the surface of power transmission line wires has been known for a long time, and many works in the field of ice growth control and technical means of combating this phenomenon are devoted to its solution. Recently, works have appeared on melting systems that operate without disconnecting lines from consumers, which increases the reliability and uninterruptible power supply, reduces economic losses from undersupply of products during power supply interruptions. The process of ice melting can occur under conditions of heating the conductors with a high current to a steady positive temperature until the ice shell is destroyed. In this case, switching to the melting mode is carried out for a short period of time. An alternative to this method is to combine power supply to consumers and ice melting. In this case, the heat generation capacity in the wires is less, the melting time is increased, but there is no need to disconnect consumers. The problem of maintaining the line in the operating mode of transmitting electric energy to consumers is solved by additionally loading the line with reactive currents by connecting a certain inductive load. The increase in currents and power coming from the supply transformer to the line must be technically feasible so as not to overload the source and not cause its shutdown. Due to power limitations, it is necessary to carry out accurate calculations of thermal processes to determine acceptable modes of melting the ice layer. Complex modeling of thermohydrodynamic processes in the "wire – ice shell – air" system is considered. Several methods for determining the coefficients of convective heat exchange at the boundaries of the conductor at different wind speeds are considered.
Forecast modeling of the dynamics of main resources and construction of a simulation system for managing the activities of the regional energy system of the Samara region
Authors: Zoteev V. E. , Sagitova L. A. , Gavrilova A. A.
Published: January 2025

Regional energy systems are complex dynamic systems that operate in conditions of constant changes in the external environment. In this regard, the task of developing complex management decisions and conducting a systemic analysis of the efficiency of its activities arises. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the mathematical models of the dynamics of capital, labor and fuel resources, since they have the greatest impact on the energy output of the energy system.
The paper analyzes existing methods of mathematical description of the dynamics of basic resources and their shortcomings. The paper considers covariance-stationary models of time series in the form of difference equations with a deterministic polynomial trend. The paper presents the results of mathematical modeling of the dynamics of capital, labor and fuel resources based on statistical data on the activities of the energy system of the Samara Region, published in the annual reports of regional ministries and energy companies, and conducts a statistical analysis of them.
Based on a comparative analysis of mathematical models, the most effective models of the dynamics of capital, labor and fuel resources with the best predictive qualities were selected.
Also, in the work, a single-loop simulation model of the energy system management system was constructed by forming investments for the renewal of capital resources and the structure of the decision support system (DSS) was developed, allowing the formation of mathematically sound management decisions.
Improving the energy efficiency of a galvanic area with a small-scale nature of production
Authors: Romanova A. S.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the problems of energy efficiency of the galvanic section of an industrial enterprise with a small-scale production nature. An analysis of the energy resources consumed by the galvanic section is carried out. The galvanic bath load factors are determined for the section as a whole and for each metal coating application operation separately. The reason for the low energy efficiency of the section's heat supply associated with the uneven equipment load is revealed, due to the impossibility of regulating the consumption of thermal energy with a centralized steam supply. An energy balance of heat supply for the technological process of galvanic application of metal coatings is compiled for two operating modes of the process equipment: bringing to the mode and maintaining the mode. The energy costs required for heating the galvanic baths to the nominal temperatures regulated by the technology of the metal coating application process and the energy costs required to stabilize the temperature mode of the electrolysis process are determined, taking into account the nomenclature of the processed parts, the duration of the working cycle, the required thickness and physical characteristics of the galvanic coating. The article considers options for decentralized heat supply of galvanic baths taking into account process temperatures, load factors and the sequence of metal coating application operations. It defines a rational method for organizing uneven loading of galvanic baths and process energy consumption during decentralized heat supply of the production area. It establishes an acceptable level of efficiency reduction of industrial serial heat sources with increased uneven loading of process equipment. It proposes a method for utilizing unclaimed process heat in the hot water supply system in order to stabilize the efficiency of heat supply sources at a level close to the nominal one. It defines the economic effect of utilizing unclaimed process heat for the needs of hot water supply and heating of the galvanic area.
Eco-friendly Recovery and Utilization of Innovative Industrial Adsorbents for Multi-metal Ion Removal in Aqueous Solutions
Authors:   Al-Qadissiyeah Environmental Directorate, Ministry of Environment, Iraq., .H. Abbas Mukhtar D
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the ability of recovered industrial bentonite waste RIBW as a nano-, low-cost and new adsorbent to remove the ions of Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Ni that have different electrochemical properties in the form of multi-metal ions from aqueous solutions. The investigated doses of RIBW were (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) g/100 mL for each system, and the initial concentration of each metal ions in the binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary system was 50, 33.3, 25, and 20 ppm, respectively, where the total concentration of ions remained constant and equivalent to 100 ppm. The maximum removal efficiency of Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Ni was in the binary system with a dose of 0.3 gm of RIBW and equaled 99.7, 95.7, 99.5, 99.2, and 97.3. The minimum in the quinary system with an adsorbent mass of 0.1 g equaled 80.8, 51.1, 72.7, 71.1, and 36.6, respectively. The correlation coefficient values of R2 for all experiments ranged from 0.91 to 1.00. The adsorption capacity at the level of single- or multi-ion removal decreases with increasing the number of partaken metal ions in an aqueous solution, where the adsorption capacity order of metal ions in binary > ternary > quaternary > quinary system. It was evident that the electrochemical properties, such as atomic weight, ionic radius, hydrated ionic radius, and softness value have essential effects on the adsorption capacity, where the ions metal having high values of these properties was more adsorbed on the surface of RIBW adsorbent. Keywords: Adsorption, Heavy metals, Binary, Recycling, Water treatment
Dam Breach Risk Analysis and Mapping: A Case Study of the Wala Dam, Jordan
Authors:   The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. E-Mail: r.weshah@ju.edu.jo, Al-Weshah Radwan
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the flood hazard related to dam breach analysis for Wala Dam in Jordan. Hydrologic modeling of probable maximum flood was conducted using the probable maximum precipitation values in the dam watershed. The peak probable maximum flood of the Wala dam watershed was about 2,621 m3/s. Two dam breach scenarios were investigated; namely, overtopping and piping failures, using empirical dam breach equations. A 2-dimensional unsteady hydraulic model (HEC-RAS) was used to route the breach flood downstream of the dam. The maximum peak flows for both the overtopping and piping scenarios were 12,435 m³/s and 5,962 m³/s, respectively. The results are used to generate inundation, flood hazard risk, duration, and velocity maps for areas downstream of the dam. Most inundated areas were classified as extreme hazard areas. The maximum depth of water for overtopping failure is approximately 43 m in some agricultural lands and about 8 m near the Dead Sea road. Flooded areas include farmhouses, roads and bridges, the Dead Sea road and other important public and private properties. Furthermore, the maximum velocities are 17.1 m/s and 15.8 m/s for overtopping and piping failures, respectively. This study demonstrates the importance of developing and regularly updating comprehensive emergency preparedness and enhancing the resilience of downstream communities by community-based disaster risk reduction programs. Keywords: Dam breach, Flood risk mapping, Wadi Wala dam, HEC-RAS modeling, Flood hydrology, Overtopping.
Feminismos y justicia penal
Authors: Pérez Tortosa Francesc
Published: January 2025

La violencia sobre la mujer en la pareja íntima heterosexual ha pasado de ser una cuestión privada a un problema social gracias, en buena medida, al movimiento feminista. Conforme al feminismo de la segunda ola –que parte de una concepción estereotipada de esta violencia–, se ha implementado en España una política legislativa informada por el recurso preferente al derecho penal y por las políticas públicas de actuación obligatoria, que se traducen –entre otras medidas– en la prohibición de la mediación y de la conciliación en todo caso. En este trabajo se aboga por un derecho penal que persiga al infractor y proteja a la víctima de la misma forma, con independencia del sexo, del género y de la orientación sexual tanto de la víctima como del victimario. Además, se define -en línea parcialmente con el feminismo de la tercera ola– que solo se apliquen restricciones a la autonomía de la víctima cuando se verifique que, efectivamente, está ha visto mermada su capacidad volitiva como consecuencia del delito.
Menafsirkan Cinta pada Tulisan “Luka dalam Bara” Karya Bernard Batubara (Sebuah Kajian Hermeneutika Paul Ricoeur)
Authors: Kasiahe Evi Martika Dewi , Paulina Kuntag
Published: January 2025

Tulisan “Luka dalam Bara” karya Bernard Batubara merupakan kumpulan tulisan lepas tetapi penuh romantisme dan kaya akan makna. Hal ini yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk mendalami tulisan ini dari perspektif hermeneutika Paul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk dan makna cinta dalam tulisan “Luka dalam Bara” karya Bernard Batubara. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dalam penelitian berjumlah 45 tulisan. Data berupa kata, frasa, klausa, kalimat yang berkaitan dengan simbol cinta, dikumpulkan dengan menggunaakan teknik baca, simak dan catat. Analisis hermeneutika dilakukan dalam dua tahapan yaitu distansi dan dan apropriasi. Melalui analisis hermeneutika ini ditemukan bahwa cinta memiliki makna yang luas, cinta memiliki definisi yang beragam, cinta memiliki sifat dan kualitas, cinta memiliki caranya sendiri untuk bekerja, cinta dapat merupakan benda tetapi sekaligus juga dapat merupakan sebuah aktivitas manusia. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa cinta bukan persoalan sederhana sesederhana definisinya.
Valproic Acid, a Molecular Lead to Multiple Regulatory Pathways
Authors: Kostrouchová M. , Kostrouch Z. , Kostrouchová Marta
Published: January 2025

Valproic acid (2-propyl pentanoic acid) is a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Although very rare, side effects such as spina bifida and other defects of neural tube closure indicate that valproic acid interferes with developmental regulatory pathways. Recently obtained data show that valproic acid affects cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and immunogenicity of cultured cancer cells and tumours. Focused studies uncovered the potential of valproic acid to interfere with multiple regulatory mechanisms including histone deacetylases, GSK3 α α and β β, Akt, the ERK pathway, the phosphoinositol pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, GABA, and the OXPHOS system. Valproic acid is emerging as a potential anticancer drug and may also serve as a molecular lead that can help design drugs with more specific and more potent effects on the one side and drugs with wide additive but weaker effects on the other. Valproic acid is thus a powerful molecular tool for better understanding and therapeutic targeting of pathways that regulate the behaviour of cancer cells.
Expansion of Human Mesothelial Progenitor Cells in a Long- term Three-dimensional Organotypic Culture of Processus Vaginalis Peritonei
Authors: Rosellini A. , Michelini M. , Tanda G. , Mandys V. , Revoltella Roberto P.
Published: January 2025

A 3D culture system was used to investigate the behaviour of mesothelial cells present in the wall of human processus vaginalis peritonei. Small tissue fragments placed on collagen sponges were cultured for 7, 14 and 21 days in medium supplemented with 10% FBS, and analysed for the expression and distribution of cytokeratins (CKAE1-AE3, CK19), p63, Ki-67, vimentin, CD34, and HBME-1. Before culture, flat mesothelial cells displayed immunoreactivity for cytokeratins, vimentin and HBME-1, while p63 and CD34 were negative. Mesenchymal cells within the stroma were vimentin-positive and endothelial cells of small vessels displayed positive staining for CD34. Cytokeratins, p63 and HBME-1 were negative in all stromal cells. In cultured fragments, flat mesothelial cells positive for vimentin, cytokeratins and HBME-1 proliferated, lining the fragment surface and migrating into the sponge. Capillaries showed morphological alterations; however, their immunoreactivity was comparable with the stroma prior to culture. Cells that had migrated into the sponge and displayed characteristics of mesothelial progenitors, predominantly spindle-shaped and stellate, showed heterogeneous expression of markers especially in late phases of cultivation. These cells were constantly positive for vimentin, a small fraction was cytokeratin-positive and a few displayed HBME-1 immunoreactivity. CD34 was found in cells forming small cavities into the matrix, resembling newly formed blood vessels. Cells that had migrated into the sponge could be isolated and expanded in co-culture with feeder NIH.3T3 fibroblasts. This system is suitable for studying growth and behaviour of mesothelial cells within their natural environment, providing a good method for isolation and expansion of their progenitor cells.
Study of Urinary Proteomes in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Vojtová Lucie , Zima T. , Tesař V. , Kazderová M.
Published: January 2025

Heavy proteinuria may be caused by either increased glomerulal basement membrane permeability or membrane or podocyte structural damage, and also by impairment of secretion-reabsorption tubular processes. The precise composition of modified or degraded urine proteins in proteinuria is not known. However, a possible toxic effect of proteins on tubular cells and disease progression is assumed. In this study, 15 patients with nephrotic proteinuria and other diagnoses (systemic lupus erythematodes with renal involvement (lupus nephritis) and AAV) were analysed by the 2D electrophoresis method. We have studied sample stability during storage, the albumin separation effect on sample analyses using ammonium sulphate, and the effect of proteases on the protein spectrum. In the first step, the proteins were divided by the isoelectric focusing method using polyacrylamide strips (pH 3–10 linear). The second step involved two-dimensional SDS electrophoresis performed in 12% polyacrylamide gel, which separated proteins according to their molecular weight. The proteins were visualized by the silver method. The gels were evaluated by Phoretix 2D expression software 2005. We found out that samples are stable for more than 6 months provided that they are frozen to –80°C. The separation of albumin caused higher lucidity of the urinary proteomes. Without adding protease inhibitors we could detect proteolysis with increased quantity of proteins manifested in the area of about 10 kDa and decreased quantity of proteins detectable in the area with molecular weights about 50 kDa.
M235T Polymorphism of the Angiotensinogen Gene and Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism of the Angiotensin-1 Converting Enzyme Gene in Essential Arterial Hypertension in Caucasians
Authors: Glavnik N. , Petrovič Daniel
Published: January 2025

In order to investigate the contribution of candidate genes in the RAAS in pathogenesis of EAH, we analysed the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene, and the I/D polymorphism of ACE gene in a group of adult Caucasians (Slovene population) with EAH. Four-hundred and thirteen unrelated subjects with the diagnosis of EAH were included in the association study and they were compared to 414 subjects with normal blood pressure (the control group). The M235T angiotensinogen genotype distribution in patients with EAH (TT = 23.2%, MT = 48.7%, MM = 28.1%) did not differ from genotype distribution in controls (TT = 21.1%, MT = 49.0%, MM = 29.9%), and the TT genotype was not associated with EAH (OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.7–1.7; P = 0.6). Moreover, The I/D ACE genotype distribution in patients with EAH (DD = 32.0%, ID = 48.2%, II = 19.8%) did not differ from genotype distribution in controls (DD = 32.2%, ID = 49.0%, II = 18.8%), and the DD genotype was not associated with EAH (OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.7–1.3; P = 0.9). In conclusion, we failed to demonstrate that the M235T angiotensinogen polymorphism and the ACE I/D polymorphism were genetic markers for EAH in adult Caucasians.
Unravelling the anti-inflammatory activity of Cyperus rotundus essential oil through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, network pharmacology, and molecular docking approaches
Authors: Rani K S , Sahoo A , Nayak S , Panda P C , Mohanty M , Ray A , Mohanty S
Published: January 2025

Cyperus rotundus rhizome is used in the traditional system of medicine to treat various diseases. The rhizomes of this plant are traditionally used as medicine for treatments of stomach pain, bowel disorders, and inflammatory pain. The present study aims to characterize the chemical constituents of the C. rotundus rhizomes essential oil (CREO) and to evaluate its possible mechanism of action as an anti-inflammatory agent by an integrative approach of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), network pharmacology, and molecular docking analysis. The compound-target-disease network revealed cubenol, gamma murolene, cyperotundone, delta selinene, alpha copaene, alpha pinene, and beta caryophyllene are core compounds with higher degree values. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed IL1B, IL10, IL6, PTGS2, TNF, and STAT3 as hub targets. A total of 1000 biological processes, 142 cellular components, and 241 molecular functional pathways were enriched. Molecular docking analysis revealed that hub compounds and protein targets had strong binding affinity between them. The top two docked poses with the lowest binding energy were identified as PTGS2-Cubenol and IL10-Gamma murolene with binding energies of -7.9 and -7.2 kcal/mol, respectively. A molecular dynamics study revealed that the PTGS2-Cubenol and IL10-Gamma murolene complex had a good amount of deformability. These results demonstrated that CREO can act on numerous proteins and pathways to form a systematic pharmacological network, and they can be considered as a candidate drug for treating inflammatory-related disorders
Phytochemical characterization of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) linked to chemical characteristics of the soil of backyard orchards
Authors: Moreno-Reséndez A , Hernández-Juárez J , Reyes-Carrillo J L , Antuna-Grijalva O , Reyes- Mungía A , Márquez-Guerrero S Y
Published: January 2025

The fruits of Phoenix dactylifera L. contain bioactive compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals. However, its composition and content exhibit great variability depending on genetic and environmental factors, especially the physico-chemical properties of the soils where date palms develop. To elucidate the above, samples of dates from three backyard orchards and soil samples from each orchard were collected to determine the content of bioactive compounds and chemical characteristics of the substrate and to determine the correlations between these. For total contents of polyphenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity and soluble solids, the following methods were used - Folin-Ciocalteu reagent based total polyphenol estimation; aluminium chloride based total flavonoid estimation; 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical inhibition and a hand-held refractometer for soluble solid content determination. Each orchard was considered as a separate treatment and a completely randomized design was used, with the Tuckey’s test (?=0.05) applied to compare means. Pearson's linear correlation analysis was applied to establish the link between bioactive compounds of dates and chemical characteristics of the soils. The hypotheses were that the bioactive compounds present in dates obtained in different backyard orchards could vary depending on the chemical characteristics of their soils. The results reflected significant differences only for the soluble solids content of the dates. Statistically significant correlations were observed between two soil characteristics; organic matter (OM) and electrical conductivity (EC); and the soluble solids content of dates. It was concluded that higher organic matter in the soils is associated with higher soluble solids content in the fruit, while higher electric conductivity in the soils is linked to lower soluble solids content in the dates.