bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’habitat inclusif pour personnes âgées ou handicapées comme problème public
Authors: Bertillot Hugo , Rapegno Noémie
Published: July 2019

Depuis les années 2010, les acteurs associatifs développent des modes d’accompagnement alternatifs pour les personnes âgées comme pour les personnes handicapées, sous une pluralité de formes et de termes (habitat alternatif, partagé, accompagné, intermédiaire, groupé, diffus ou solidaire). La multiplication de ces formules, pensées pour rendre plus effectif le choix du lieu de vie des personnes, s’est accompagnée d’une réflexion grandissante sur leurs enjeux et d’une visibilité médiatique. Dans cet article, nous montrons comment cet enjeu, d’abord formulé par le privé à but non lucratif, a fait l’objet d’un investissement croissant de la part des pouvoirs publics aboutissant sur la fin de la période considérée à une première reconnaissance institutionnelle de l’habitat inclusif. Nous nous appuyons sur une enquête par entretiens menée en 2016-2017 et sur la participation à deux collectifs inter-associatifs.
Marcel Roncayolo (1926-2018), l’un des « pères fondateurs » des SES et de leur esprit
Authors: Roncayolo Marcel , Martinache Igor
Published: July 2019

Urbaniste et géographe, Marcel Roncayolo a joué un rôle central dans la mise en place de l’enseignement des SES il y a un demi-siècle en organisant notamment les fameux stages de Sèvres. Disparu le 13 octobre dernier à l’âge de 92 ans, c’est pour lui rendre hommage, mais aussi pour offrir en partage son récit personnel de la création de notre discipline que nous publions ici un entretien réalisé le 13 janvier 2013 à son domicile parisien.
« Il ne suffit pas d’être un bon client ». Coopératives et société de consommation dans le Midwest des États-Unis (1917-1940)
Authors: Blin Alexia
Published: July 2019

Cet article étudie le cas d’une fédération de coopératives de consommateurs dans le Midwest, le Cooperative Central Exchange (CCE), entre 1917 et les années 1930. Il vise à démontrer l’intérêt de ce type d’entreprises pour les historiens de la consommation, en apportant une contribution directe à plusieurs débats importants dans ce champ de recherche. Organisé en 1917 par des immigrants d’origine finlandaise, majoritairement fermiers et socialistes, pour lutter contre les marchands locaux, le CCE rencontre bientôt un succès commercial important et cherche à faire jeu égal avec les grandes chaînes de magasins de la région. L’histoire de cette fédération permet de mettre en évidence trois éléments souvent négligés par l’historiographie : elle illustre la possibilité pour les acteurs de conserver un rôle actif et politisé dans l’émergence de la société de consommation ; elle permet de restituer l’importance et la spécificité des territoires ruraux dans l’évolution des modes de consommation ; enfin, elle montre la persistance de liens puissants entre le monde de la consommation et celui de la production, au sein même du processus de transition vers la consommation de masse.
Finishing schools . Le déclin des pensionnats internationaux de jeunes filles en Suisse (1950-1970)
Authors: Bertron Caroline
Published: July 2019

Les «  finishing schools  » en Suisse ont été particulièrement recherchées par les bourgeoisies et aristocraties européennes et américaines depuis la fin du XIX e  siècle. Les séjours dans ces pensionnats de jeunes filles étaient alors dédiés à l’apprentissage d’une féminité d’élite par le voyage, la maîtrise des langues étrangères et des arts d’agrément. À partir de l’analyse des archives du Bureau de l’enseignement privé du canton de Vaud, l’article montre que le secteur local des finishing schools est toujours dans les années 1950 peu stabilisé du point de vue des clientèles, des structures et de leur reconnaissance par les autorités. Dans les années 1960, les normes et les pratiques partagées entre les familles bourgeoises et les directeurs des établissements, qui contribuaient à assurer et reconduire l’existence de ces écoles, cessent d’être évidentes. L’article vise à saisir, durant cette période, la place de plus en plus relative qu’occupent ces institutions pour l’éducation des filles, en regard des transformations des attentes éducatives dans les milieux sociaux très favorisés.
Les invasions barbares ou le tramway criminel (Paris, 1872-1914)
Authors: Faure Alain
Published: July 2019

Cet article traite des résistances à l’installation et au développement des lignes de tramway à Paris entre 1872 et 1914. Le passage des véhicules dans certains hauts lieux de la mondanité et du luxe suscita en effet de vives campagnes dans la presse de droite et de nombreuses protestations d’élus conservateurs, qui y voyaient la mort du Paris riche et de ses espaces d’entre-soi. Le tramway était supposé être l’instrument de cette volonté de destruction, d’où son surnom de « tramway des barbares ». L’intérêt de ces épisodes a été de susciter un discours très net d’exclusion du pauvre et du vulgaire de la part des représentants du Paris de l’ouest. Que des rails viennent en perturber l’harmonie était ressenti par les élites de la naissance et de l’argent comme une atteinte à leur sociabilité et à leur territoire.
Vers une culture juridique mondiale de l’entreprise d’ESS ? Une approche comparative internationale des législations ESS
Authors: Caire Gilles , Tadjudje Willy
Published: July 2019

En l’espace d’une dizaine d’années, de nombreux pays ont adopté un cadre juridique régissant l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS). L’intérêt pour le secteur est également grandissant dans les organisations internationales, y compris les Nations unies. En comparant les législations relatives à l’ESS à travers le monde, les auteurs montrent que les intitulés choisis pour qualifier le secteur, la définition des principes essentiels, le périmètre des formes statutaires incluses, ainsi que les modes d’institutionnalisation sont variables en fonction des contextes économiques, sociaux, culturels et politiques des pays concernés. Néanmoins, les points de convergence sont nombreux et une culture juridique mondiale commune de l’ESS et de son entreprise semble s’esquisser.
Pharmacological Prevention of PTSD: Current Evidence for Clinical Practice
Authors: Frijling Jessie , Olff Miranda , van Zuiden Mirjam
Published: July 2019

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling psychiatric disorder that develops in approximately 10% of people exposed to trauma. As traumatic events are the point of reference for PTSD symptom onset, the first hours to weeks posttrauma provide opportunities for preventive interventions. In this article, we discuss current evidence on pharmacological preventive interventions for PTSD in adults. We conclude that there are no pharmacological preventive interventions that are ready for routine clinical practice. However, there is emerging evidence for the efficacy of hydrocortisone administration initiated within 12 hours posttrauma. Propranolol, escitalopram, and benzodiazepines are not likely to reduce PTSD development. We also recommend caution in prescribing benzodiazepines early posttrauma due to potential risk of increasing PTSD symptoms. Further research on the preventive effects of opiates and oxytocin is warranted, as previous studies have shown promising results. To further advance the field and to ultimately realize effective and clinically feasible pharmacological preventive interventions for PTSD, reliable risk identification of PTSD, acceptability of preventive interventions, and implementation strategies should be investigated.

[
Psychiatr Ann.
2019;49(7):307–313.]
The Needs of Collaborative Tool for Practicing Pair Programming in Educational Setting
Authors: Asnawi Ani Liza , Ahmad Amalina , Mohamed Azmin Nor Fadhillah , Ismail Kamsiah , Jusoh Ahmad Zamani , Ibrahim Siti Noorjannah , Mohd Ramli Huda Adibah
Published: July 2019

Pair programming is a technique which is introduced for helping programmers to develop high quality codes. Beside technical aspects, collaboration and working in team are the important skills needed in practicing the technique. These skills are essential to be instilled among our engineering students. Pair programming (known as PP) is one of Agile software development technique which introduces collaborative ways for programmers to develop software. Many advantages have been reported when one practiced the technique, which include improve team communication and productiveness, reduction in defect counts, and at the same time lessen development time. Among students, the technique was also reported to enhance students’ learning and satisfaction, as well as students’ learning skills. In order to get the full benefits of pair programming technique, however, correct guidance must be provided to the students. In this study, we proposed a collaborative pair programming tool for students in practicing the technique. The tool offers all features required to allow the collaboration for the pair programming technique to work. The tool is designed and developed using Visual Basic Studio software. A database is incorporated to store students’ information. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the students’ performance with and without using the tool. Results showed that the tool can help improving students’ performance in terms of quality of codes, and lessen their time in completing their coding. These are the consequences of collaboration and team work skills that they have been practicing when using the tool.
Hoe prestatiemeting werknemers kan ondersteunen in hun werk
Authors: Wouters Marc JF , Groen Bianca AC
Published: July 2019

Er bestaat een onvermijdelijk spanningsveld rond prestatiemeting. Een prestatiemeetsysteem kan eigenlijk nooit helemaal treffend tot uitdrukking brengen waar het echt om gaat in het werk: het is altijd incompleet, cijfers laten doorgaans geen eenduidige interpretatie toe en het is lastig realistische doelwaarden vast te stellen. Bovendien wordt prestatiemeting vaak ontwikkeld om verantwoording af te leggen en is zij meer bedoeld voor het management dan voor de medewerkers van wie de prestatie gemeten wordt. Door dit soort problemen is de kans aanzienlijk dat medewerkers prestatiemeting ervaren als een last of zelfs bedreiging waardoor zij een averechts effect heeft. Om dit soort problemen op te lossen is veel onderzoek gedaan naar “enabling”– dat wil zeggen “ondersteunende”—prestatiemeting, die werknemers ondersteunt hun werk beter te doen. Dit artikel heeft als doel de resultaten uit die literatuur samen te vatten en te vertalen naar praktisch bruikbare inzichten.
Waardebepaling bij financiële herstructureringen en de nieuwe WHOA
Authors: Holterman Wim , van den Berg Sebastiaan W
Published: July 2019

Geïnspireerd op de EngelseScheme of Arrangementen het AmerikaanseChapter 11, is door de regering op 5 juli 2019 het wetsvoorstel voor de Wet homologatie onderhands akkoord (“WHOA”) ingediend bij de Tweede Kamer. De WHOA beoogt een regeling voor een gerechtelijk dwangakkoord buiten faillissement te introduceren, hetgeen het reorganiserend vermogen van ondernemingen dient te versterken en onnodige faillissementen te voorkomen. In dit artikel beschouwen de auteurs de belangrijke rol die waardebepaling bij financiële herstructureringen speelt. Ze gaan eerst in op financiële herstructureringen in het algemeen en het doel en de opzet van de WHOA. Vervolgens wordt de rol van waardebepaling binnen het kader van de WHOA uiteengezet en bespreken de auteurs welke vraagstukken zich daarbij in de praktijk kunnen voordoen.
Wicked problems: how so?
Authors: Buijink Willem
Published: July 2019

-
Aerosol-type classification based on AERONET version 3 inversion products
Authors: Shin Sung-Kyun , Tesche Matthias , Noh Youngmin , Müller Detlef
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This study proposes an aerosol-type classification based on the particle linear depolarization ratio (PLDR) and single-scattering albedo (SSA) provided in the AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) version 3 level 2.0 inversion product. We compare our aerosol-type classification with an earlier method that uses fine-mode fraction (FMF) and SSA. Our new method allows for a refined classification of mineral dust that occurs as a mixture with other absorbing aerosols: pure dust (PD), dust-dominated mixed plume (DDM), and pollutant-dominated mixed plume (PDM). We test the aerosol classification at AERONET sites in East Asia that are frequently affected by mixtures of Asian dust and biomass-burning smoke or anthropogenic pollution. We find that East Asia is strongly affected by pollution particles with high occurrence frequencies of 50 % to 67 %. The distribution and types of pollution particles vary with location and season. The frequency of PD and dusty aerosol mixture (DDM+PDM) is slightly lower (34 % to 49 %) than pollution-dominated mixtures. Pure dust particles have been detected in only 1 % of observations. This suggests that East Asian dust plumes generally exist in a mixture with pollution aerosols rather than in pure form. In this study, we have also considered data from selected AERONET sites that are representative of anthropogenic pollution, biomass-burning smoke, and mineral dust. We find that average aerosol properties obtained for aerosol types in our PLDR–SSA-based classification agree reasonably well with those obtained at AERONET sites representative for different aerosol types.
Reconstructing seasonality through stable isotope and trace element analysis of the Proserpine stalagmite, Han-sur-Lesse Cave, Belgium: indications for climate-driven changes during the last 400 years
Authors: Vansteenberge Stef , de Winter Niels , Sinnesael Matthias , Verheyden Sophie , Goderis Steven , Van Malderen Stijn J. M. , Vanhaecke Frank , Claeys Philippe
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Annually laminated speleothems allow the reconstruction of paleoclimate down to a seasonal scale. In this study, an annually laminated stalagmite from the Han-sur-Lesse Cave (Belgium) is used to study the expression of the seasonal cycle in northwestern Europe during the Little Ice Age. More specifically, two historical 12-year-long growth periods (ca. 1593–1605 CE and 1635–1646 CE) and one modern growth period (1960–2010 CE) are analysed on a sub-annual scale for their stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ18O) and trace element (Mg, Sr, Ba, Zn, Y, Pb, U) content. Seasonal variability in the proxies is confirmed with frequency analysis. Zn, Y and Pb show distinct annual peaks in all three investigated periods related to annual flushing of the soil during winter. A strong seasonal in phase relationship between Mg, Sr and Ba in the modern growth period reflects a substantial influence of prior calcite precipitation (PCP). In particular, PCP occurs during summers when recharge of the epikarst is low. This is also evidenced by earlier observations of increased δ13C values during summer. In the 17th century intervals, there is a distinct antiphase relationship between Mg, Sr and Ba, suggesting that varying degrees of incongruent dissolution of dolomite control the observed seasonal variations. The processes controlling seasonal variations in Mg, Sr and Ba in the speleothem appear to change between the 17th century and 1960–2010 CE. The Zn, Y, Pb and U concentration profiles, stable isotope ratios and morphology of the speleothem laminae all point towards increased seasonal amplitude in cave hydrology and higher drip water discharge during the 17th century. These observations reflect an increase in water excess above the cave and recharge of the epikarst, due to a combination of lower summer temperatures and increased winter precipitation during the 17th century. This study indicates that the transfer function controlling Mg, Sr and Ba seasonal variability varies over time. Which process is dominant, either PCP or dolomite dissolution, is clearly climate-driven and can thus be used as a paleoclimate proxy itself.
Temporal evolution of Red Sea temperatures based on insitu
observations (1958–2017)
Authors: Agulles Miguel , Jordà Gabriel , Jones Burt , Agustí Susana , Duarte Carlos M.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The Red Sea holds one of the most diverse marine ecosystems in the world, although fragile and vulnerable to ocean warming. Several studies have analysed the spatiotemporal evolution of the temperature in the Red Sea using satellite data, thus focusing only on the surface layer and covering the last ∼30 years. To better understand the long-term variability and trends of the temperature in the whole water column, we produce a 3D gridded temperature product (TEMPERSEA) for the period 1958–2017, based on a large number of in situ observations, covering the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. After a specific quality control, a mapping algorithm based on optimal interpolation has been applied to homogenize the data. Also, an estimate of the uncertainties of the product has been generated. The calibration of the algorithm and the uncertainty computation has been done through sensitivity experiments based on synthetic data from a realistic numerical simulation. TEMPERSEA has been compared to satellite observations of sea surface temperature for the period 1981–2017, showing good agreement specially in those periods with a reasonable number of observations were available. Also, very good agreement has been found between air temperatures and reconstructed sea temperatures in the upper 100 m for the whole period 1958–2017 enhancing the confidence on the quality of the product. The product has been used to characterize the spatio-temporal variability of the temperature field in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden at different time scales (seasonal, interannual and multidecadal). Clear differences have been found between the two regions suggesting that the Red Sea variability is mainly driven by air-sea interactions, while in the Gulf of Aden, the lateral advection of water also plays a relevant role. Regarding long term evolution, our results show only positive trends above 40 m depth, with maximum trends of 0.045 + 0.016 ºC decade-1 at 15 m, and the largest negative trends at 125 m (-0.072 + 0.011 ºC decade-1). Multidecadal variations have a strong impact on the trend computation, and restricting them to the last 30–40 years of data can bias high the trend estimates.
Evaluation of Sub-Monthly Oceanographic Signal in GRACE Daily Swath Series Using Altimetry
Authors: Bonin Jennifer A. , Save Himanshu
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Bottom pressure estimates from three different GRACE gravity series (an experimental CSR swath series, ITSG2016, and ITSG2018) and two global ocean models (OMCT and MPIOM) are compared to Jason altimetry sea level anomaly estimates, in order to determine the accuracy of the GRACE and model data at sub-monthly time scales. We find that the GRACE series are capable of explaining 25–75 % of the sub-monthly altimetric variability over most of those ocean regions which have high signal strength. All three GRACE series explain more of the sub-monthly variability than the de-aliasing products they were created with do. Upon examination over finer frequency bands, the GRACE series prove superior at explaining that altimetric signal for signals with periods as short as 10 days.
Density distribution across the Alpine lithosphere constrained by 3D gravity modelling and relation to seismicity and deformation
Authors: Spooner Cameron , Scheck-Wenderoth Magdalena , Götze Hans-Jürgen , Ebbing Jörg , Hetényi György
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The Alpine Orogen formed as a result of the collision between the Adriatic and European plates. Significant crustal heterogeneity exists within the region due to the long history of interplay between these plates, other continental and oceanic blocks in the region, and inherited crustal features from earlier orogenys. Deformation relating to the collision continues to the present day. Here, a seismically constrained, 3D, structural and density model of the lithosphere of the Alps and their respective forelands, derived from integrating numerous geoscientific datasets, was adjusted to match the observed gravity field. It is shown that the distribution of seismicity and deformation within the region correlates strongly to thickness and density changes within the crust, and that the present day Adriatic crust is both thinner and denser (22.5 km, 2800 kg/m3) than the European crust (27.5 km, 2750 kg/m3). Alpine crust derived from each respective plate is found to show the same trend with zones of Adriatic provenance (Austro-Alpine and Southern Alps) found to be denser and those of European provenance (Helvetic Zone and Tauern Window) to be less dense suggesting the respective plates and related terrains had similar crustal properties to the present day prior to orogenesis. The model generated here is available for open access use to further discussions about the crust within the region.
Buoyant forces promote tidewater glacier iceberg calving through large basal stress concentrations
Authors: Trevers Matt , Payne Antony J. , Cornford Stephen L. , Moon Twila
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Iceberg calving parameterisations currently implemented in ice
sheet models do not reproduce the full observed range of calving behaviours.
For example, though buoyant forces at the ice front are known to trigger
full-depth calving events on major Greenland outlet glaciers, a multi-stage
iceberg calving event at Jakobshavn Isbræ is unexplained by existing
models. To explain this and similar events, we propose a notch-triggered
rotation mechanism, whereby a relatively small subaerial calving event
triggers a larger full-depth calving event due to the abrupt increase in
buoyant load and the associated stresses generated at the ice–bed interface.
We investigate the notch-triggered rotation mechanism by applying a
geometric perturbation to the subaerial section of the calving front in a
diagnostic flow-line model of an idealised glacier snout, using the
full-Stokes, finite element method code Elmer/Ice. Different sliding laws
and water pressure boundary conditions are applied at the ice–bed interface.
Water pressure has a big influence on the likelihood of calving, and stress
concentrations large enough to open crevasses were generated in basal ice.
Significantly, the location of stress concentrations produced calving events
of approximately the size observed, providing support for future application
of the notch-triggered rotation mechanism in ice-sheet models.
Unravelling the evolution of Zmuttgletscher and its debris cover since the end of the Little Ice Age
Authors: Mölg Nico , Bolch Tobias , Walter Andrea , Vieli Andreas
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Debris-covered glaciers generally exhibit large,
gently sloping, slow-flowing tongues. At present, many of these glaciers
show high thinning rates despite thick debris cover. Due to the lack of
observations, most existing studies have neglected the dynamic interactions
between debris cover and glacier evolution over longer time periods. The
main aim of this study is to reveal such interactions by reconstructing
changes of debris cover, glacier geometry, flow velocities, and surface
features of Zmuttgletscher (Switzerland), based on historic maps, satellite
images, aerial photographs, and field observations. We show that debris
cover extent has increased from ∼13 % to ∼32 % of the total glacier surface since 1859 and that in 2017 the debris
is sufficiently thick to reduce ablation compared to bare ice over much of
the ablation area. Despite the debris cover, the glacier-wide mass balance
of Zmuttgletscher is comparable to that of debris-free glaciers located in
similar settings, whereas changes in length and area have been small and
delayed by comparison. Increased ice mass input in the 1970s and 1980s
resulted in a temporary velocity increase, which led to a local decrease in
debris cover extent, a lowering of the upper boundary of the ice-cliff zone,
and a strong reduction in ice-cliff area, indicating a dynamic link between
flow velocities, debris cover, and surface morphology. Since 2005, the
lowermost 1.5 km of the glacier has been quasi-stagnant, despite a slight
increase in the surface slope of the glacier tongue. We conclude that the
long-term glacier-wide mass balance is mainly governed by climate. The
debris cover governs the spatial pattern of elevation change without
changing its glacier-wide magnitude, which we explain by the extended
ablation area and the enhanced thinning in regions with thin debris further
up-glacier and in areas with abundant meltwater channels and ice cliffs. At
the same time rising temperatures lead to increasing debris cover and
decreasing ice flux, thereby attenuating length and area losses.
Performance of non-intrusive uncertainty quantification in the aeroservoelastic simulation of wind turbines
Authors: Bortolotti Pietro , Canet Helena , Bottasso Carlo L. , Loganathan Jaikumar
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The present paper characterizes the performance of non-intrusive
uncertainty quantification methods for aeroservoelastic wind turbine
analysis. Two different methods are considered, namely non-intrusive
polynomial chaos expansion and Kriging. Aleatory uncertainties are
associated with the wind inflow characteristics and the blade surface
state, on account of soiling and/or erosion, and propagated throughout the
aeroservoelastic model of a large conceptual offshore wind turbine. Results are compared with a brute-force extensive Monte Carlo sampling,
which is used as benchmark. Both methods require at least 1 order of
magnitude less simulations than Monte Carlo, with a slight advantage of
Kriging over polynomial chaos expansion. The analysis of the solution space
clearly indicates the effects of uncertainties and their couplings, and
highlights some possible shortcomings of current mostly deterministic
approaches based on safety factors.
Phytotoxic Effect of Tithonia rotundifolia (Miller) S.F.Blake on Chlorophyll and Protein Contents of Vigna unguiculata L. and Zea mays L.
Authors: John Ilori Olasupo , Otusanya Olutobi Oluwafunmilayo
Published: July 2019

A large number of plants impose inhibitory effects on the germination and growth of neighbouring or successional plants by releasing allelochemicals into the soil. This study investigated the phytotoxic effects of Tithonia rotundifolia (Miller) S.F.Blake on the chlorophyll and protein contents of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers and Zea mays L.. This was with a view to determining the susceptibility of these crops to allelochemicals in the extracts prepared from T. rotundifolia. Seeds of the test plants were sown in pots filled with top humus soil. At two weeks, seedlings in each pot were thinned down to 10 seedlings per pot. Potted plants of the test crops were supplied with 400 ml of the appropriate water extracts while the control potted plants were supplied with 400 ml of water. Biochemical analyses were carried out according to standard methods. The data obtained were analysed by (ANOVA) to determine significant (P< 0.05) effects. The means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and protein contents in V. unguiculata and Z. mays and were significantly inhibited by the extract from T. rotundifolia. The inhibitory effects of these allelochemicals increased with concentration. The phytotoxic effect of T. rotundifolia was species dependent. It was concluded that the extract contains water-soluble allelochemicals which inhibited the biochemical parameters of the test crops. T. rotundifolia should be controlled where it grows in association with cultivated crops.
Simplified moment-curvature relationship in analytical form for circular RC sections
Authors: Gentile Roberto , Porco Francesco , Raffaele Domenico , Uva Giuseppina
Published: July 2019

The behaviour of regular multi-span simply-supported bridges is strongly dependent on the behaviour of its piers. The response of a pier is governed, in general, by different mechanisms: flexure, shear, second order effects, lap-splice of longitudinal bars or their buckling. The flexural behaviour is an important part of the problem, and it can be characterised through the equivalent plastic hinge length and the Moment-Curvature law of the fixed end. In this paper, a procedure to calculate the Moment-Curvature relationship of circular RC sections is proposed which is based on defining the position of few characteristic points. The analytical formulation is based on adjusted polynomial functions fitted on a database of fibre-based analyses. The proposed solution is based on three parameters: dimensionless axial force, mechanical ratio of longitudinal reinforcement, geometrical ratio of transverse reinforcement. A benchmark case is presented to compare the solution to a FEM non-linear analysis. Even if it is based on few input data, this solution allows to have good indicators on the material performances (e.g. yielding, spalling, etc). For these reasons, the proposed approach is deemed to be particularly effective in performing quick yet accurate mechanics-based regional-scale assessment of bridges.
Implementation of the structural performance factor (Sp) within a displacement-based design framework
Authors: Marriott Dion
Published: July 2019

This paper discusses the application of the Structural Performance factor (SP) within a Direct Displacement-Based Design framework (Direct-DBD). As stated within the New Zealand loadings standard, NZS1170.5:2004 [1], the SP factor is a base shear multiplier (reduction factor) for ductile structures, i.e. as the design ductility increases, the SP factor reduces. The SP factor is intended to acknowledge the better-than-expected structural behaviour of ductile systems (both strength, and ductility capacity) by accounting for attributes of response that designers are unable to reliably estimate. The SP factor also recognizes the less dependable seismic performance of non-ductile structures, by permitting less of a reduction (a larger SP factor) for non-ductile structures. Within a traditional force-based design framework the SP factor can be applied to either the design response spectrum (a seismic hazard/demand multiplier), or as a base shear multiplier at the end of design (structural capacity multiplier) – either of these two approaches will yield an identical design in terms of the required design base shear and computed ULS displacement/drift demands. However, these two approaches yield very different outcomes within a Direct-DBD framework – in particular, if SP is applied to the seismic demand, the design base shear is effectively multiplied by (SP)2 (i.e. a two-fold reduction). This paper presents a “DBD-corrected” SP factor to be applied to the design response spectrum in Direct-DBD in order to achieve the intent of the SP factor as it applies to force-based design. The proposed DBD-corrected SP factor is attractive in that it is identical to the SP relationship applied to the elastic site hazard spectrum C(T) for numerical integration time history method of analysis within NZS 1170.5:2004 [1], SP,DDBD = (1+SP)/2.
Nitrogen and sulfur Association: Effects on Yield Components and Physical Attributes of Wheat Seeds
Authors: Pimentel João R. , Troyjack Cristian , Dubal Ítala T. P. , Szareski Vinícius J. , Carvalho Ivan R. , Koch Felipe , Demari Gustavo H. , Nascimento Helena W. F. do , Fonseca Liriana L. , Jaques Lanes B. A. , Marchi Priscila M. , Villela Francisco A. , Pedó Tiago , Aumonde Tiago Z.
Published: July 2019

The aimed to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen doses in association with sulfur fertilization on yield components and seeds physic-quality attributes. The experimental design was randomized blocks, arranged in a 3 × 5 × 2 factorial design (cultivar × nitrogen doses × sulfur management), with four replications. The analysis of variance revealed that wheat cultivars × sulfur management interaction was significant for height insert of main spike. Interaction was verified between cultivars × nitrogen doses for number of tillers per plant and number of spikes per m2. The nitrogen doses × sulfur management interaction was significant for number of tillers per plant. Interaction between cultivars × nitrogen doses were observed for number of spicules per spikes and number of seeds per spike. Nitrogen fertilization has different effects on wheat cultivars. The cultivar ‘TBIO Sinuelo’ presents greater seeds yield with improvement of nitrogen fertilization doses. High nitrogen doses provide increasing of wheat seeds yield. Nitrogen doses influence differently on yield components of wheat. Number of tillers per plant is correlated with seeds yield. Physical attributes of wheat seeds are not influenced by nitrogen doses increasing. Sulfur fertilization promotes tillering and increment of number of spicules per spike. The cultivar ‘TBIO Sinuelo’ presents higher weight per 1000 seeds, followed by ‘Jadeíte 11’, and ‘TBIO Sintonia’.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 13, No. 6
Authors: Lee Sunny
Published: July 2019

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 13, No. 6
Quality of life and methods of treatment of people suffering from migraine
Authors: Moneta Piotr , Kaczmarek Michał , Przybylski Michał , Niedzielski Jerzy , Durko Agnieszka , Żytkowski Andrzej
Published: July 2019

People with migraine often use self-treatment, which can lead to increased intensity and frequency of pain, affecting the quality of life and the level of fitness of these people.
The study was carried out in a group of 100 people with migraine headaches, aged 19 to 67 years, who reported for the first time to the Migraine Treatment Center at the Neurology Clinic of the Medical University of Lodz. The subjects completed the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, the MIDAS level of disability assessment questionnaire and the original questionnaire, which questions concerned pain and treatment.
In the majority of subjects, a significant increase in severity of headaches was observed. All but one person were qualified for the 4th degree of disability (MIDAS): average of 88.7 points, average frequency – 22.11/90, intensity – 7.15/10. A positive correlation (r = 0.22) was found between the amount of prescribed drugs and the number of points in the Midas Questionnaire. Significant lost of points was observed in the SF-36 Questionnaire; Physical Health – 5.62/100, Somatic Pain – 30.79/100, Social Functioning – 40.35/100, Energy – 41.12/100, Functioning Physical – 44.51/100, Emotional Functioning – 49.33/100, General Functioning – 50.59/100 and Psychic Functioning – 54.38/100. Most of these values strongly correlated negatively with MIDAS score values: Physical Health (r = –0.33, p = 0.001), Energy (r = –0.42, p = 0.000), Psychic Functioning (r = –0.27, p = 0.006), Social Functioning (r = –0.45, p = 0.000), Somatic pain (r = –0.24, p = 0.017), General Health (r = –0.44, p = 0.000).
The self-treatment of people with migraine, as well as visiting the primary care physician only is a very dangerous phenomenon. Improper treatment, both ad hoc or prophylactic, may lead to increase in the frequency and intensity of headaches, and over time to a change in the nature of migraine for a chronic pain. Treatment, initially effective due to overuse of ad hoc and non-prescription drugs, in the long-term it may lead to the development of medication overuse headache (MOH).
INSTITUTIONAL AND ORGANISATIONAL BARRIERS OF THE POLISH ARMED FORCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Authors: SZCZYGIELSKA, PhD Agnieszka
Published: July 2019

The management of intangible assets is a new concept in organisations in Poland,
especially when it comes to its implementation in practice, mainly in relation
to public organisations. This is a new topic for the Armed Forces of the Republic
of Poland, especially in the systemic approach. The study reveals what barriers,
mainly organisational and institutional, constitute a difficulty and an obstacle to the
implementation of the concept of management of intangible assets in the Polish Armed
Forces. The aim of the study is to present the mentioned barriers and difficulties, as
well as outline their conditions in relation to the specificity of military.
IMPACT OF CRISIS SITUATIONS ON DECISION-MAKING
Authors: KOZIOŁ, PhD Jerzy
Published: July 2019

The main task of crisis management consists in resolving the issues related to threat
events, which are burdened with risk. Those risks may have different sources and
various levels of the probability of their occurrence. The lack of interest in the topic
may result in social and economic consequences. For this reason, the new society
has created the necessity for a crisis management system and the participation in it
of “risk-managers”, specialised in management during crisis situations. The purpose
of the article is to present a methodological basis of the process and the decision
reached in the circumstances of risk.
Evaluation of properties of anti-adhesive
coatings on the surface of injection
moulds made of Al alloys
Authors: Chałada Ł. , Adamiak M. , Woźniak A.
Published: July 2019

Purpose: The aim of the research was to determine the most favourable fluoropolymer
coatings, deposited on the surface of aluminium moulds, which will be used to share
improvements in automotive sectors.
Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents the results of the coatings thickness
and surface roughness measurements, AFM analysis, contact angle measurements and
surface free energy calculation, wear test and adhesion force measurement of three
fluoropolymer coatings.
Findings: On the basis of the investigation, it can be stated that the properties of the
tested coating and their adhesion to the aluminium substrate are different. Based on the
obtained results it can be concluded that the coating named Coat_134 was characterized
by the optimum properties - well anti-adhesion properties and good mechanical
properties.
Research limitations/implications: Coating must be applied on the surface of injection
tools, with complex shape and wide range of dimensions.
Practical implications: Injection moulds for polyurethane foam, reduction of release
agent consumption.
Originality/value: The paper presents comparative research of fluoropolymer coatings in
order to determinate adhesion to polyurethane foam with low density.
Ultrasonic method of quality control
for textile materials
Authors: Zashchepkina N.M. , Zdorenko V.G. , Tierentyeva N.R. , Markina O.M. , Markin M.O. , Bozhko K.M.
Published: July 2019

Purpose: The ultrasonic amplitude method for controlling the surface texture density
of textile materials was first studied and used.
Design/methodology/approach: For the first time, the surface texture density has
been determined. The research was conducted using the ultrasonic method, rather than by
mathematical calculations, which made it possible to invent a new approach to contactless
quality control of textile materials. In order to identify the functionality of bicomponent textile
material, formed from raw materials with opposite hygroscopic properties, two-layer knitted
fabrics were chosen to protect the human respiratory organs. As a hydrophilic type of raw
material used yarn with composition is as follows – cotton 34%, flax 33%, viscose 33%, and
in the function of a hydrophobic raw material, polypropylene multifilament yarn. Using the
ultrasonic method, studies of a new type of knitwear were carried out, the values of the surface
density of the material were obtained. Products from this composition provide respiratory
protection from dust and comfortable work in the area of road repairs up to 8 hours.
Findings: The combination of natural and synthetic materials for individual masks allowed
them to be used under different operating conditions. The problem of structure and design
of materials was resolved through the use of computer technology and computer-aided
design of textiles, and the possibility of applying the ultrasonic amplitude method to control
the surface density of textile materials was substantiated. During the analysis of the results
of experimental studies, it was found necessary to ensure the uniformity of the physical and
mechanical properties of textile materials in the production process. Using the ultrasonic
method, the thickness gauge was used to determine the surface density of various materials
for the manufacture of personal protective equipment for road maintenance workers.
Research limitations/implications: The method of measurement has been tested and
has no limitations. However, the study was conducted on samples of textile materials that
were manufactured in Ukraine and according to patents of authors.
Practical implications: Individual masks for the protection of human respiratory organs
are recommended for use by road workers and cyclists.
Originality/value: The originality of the results of the article is the experimental data of
studies on the content of textile materials and the accuracy of measuring their surface
density by an ultrasonic contactless device.
Schutz vor gefälschten Humanarzneimitteln im Binnenmarktrecht
Authors: Disch Lisa
Published: July 2019

Falsified medicines are a current and worldwide problem, which is growing in urgency within the EU due to their high incidence. This work analyses the present protective measures against falsified human medicines in single market law.
The study narrows down the topic by defining falsified medicines and then by demonstrating the subject’s relevance through its background and effects. Applying the duty of protection theory, the work examines whether the EU and its member states have an obligation to protect against counterfeit medication. The criteria developed serve to evaluate the protective measures identified in EU law and in the laws of four representative member states (Germany, England, Italy and Hungary). Finally, considering the central position of the European safety features within the protection system of single market law, the study considers their design and lawfulness in more detail.
Die abschichtende Planungsentscheidung unter Vorläufigkeitsbedingungen
Authors: Engelbert Julian
Published: July 2019

Upstream procedures of spatial planning have to gather evidence under complex circumstances. Their epistemologically precarious environment causes competition between the aims of ensuring feasibility on the one hand and reasonableness of means on the other. The doctoral thesis reconstructs a planning decision made by Germany’s Federal Network Agency, defining a corridor for a certain project of electrical grid expansion. This example is linked to several epistemological approaches which put up requirements concerning a successful justification of decisions. The author has worked as a scientific employee at the department of spatial planning (TU Dortmund University) and is now working for a German transmission system operator.
Was will der Gesetzgeber?
Authors: Sehl Markus
Published: July 2019

Drafts, reports and protocols from a legislative procedure may include hints as to what the legislature intended with a specific wording. However, in legal practice, often various interpretations compete with each other. Surprisingly enough, specialised courts as well as the Federal Constitutional Court lack a set of universal criteria of what type of proof, exactly, may substantiate „legislative intent”. Employing recent findings from social philosophy and political science, however, may lead to a useful approximation of such a „legislative intent”. This work shows its explanatory value as well as its limits. The notion works as a key concept to assess, weight and categorise statements from legislative materials and may serve as a means to establish a „micro-methodology” for dealing with them.
Contratação pública sustentável em instituições de ensino superiores: melhores gastos, mais planejamento?
Authors: Cardoso Luan Lopes , Ducati Erves , Lunkes Rogério João , Pfitscher Elisete Dahmer
Published: July 2019

Resumo

O objetivo geral desse trabalho visa comparar as quantidades e os gastos relacionados às contratações sustentáveis das Instuições de Ensino Superior (IES) vinculadas ao Ministério da Educação (MEC), dos anos de 2011 até 2016, com seus respectivos Planos de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDIs) vigentes em 2015. A pesquisa quanto aos objetivos, é enquadrada como descritiva, em relação à abordagem do problema, a pesquisa é qualitativa. Utilizou-se de dados disponibilizados pelo Governo Federal e pelas instituições estudadas, buscados por meio de levantamento de dados - Painel (Compranet) – e também análise documental dos PDIs das instituições vigentes em 2015, ou seja, fonte de dados secundárias. A relação inicial conta com 116 instituições, no entanto, foram excluídas aquelas inativas; instituições que não são IES; e IES que não publicaram seu PDI, restando então, 95 instituições a serem analisadas. Como conclusão pode-se afirmar que apesar de todas as instituições de ensino superior estarem obrigadas a publicarem seus PDIs, nos pareceu que isso ocorre para cumprir uma determinação legal, visto que com relação a contratações sustentáveis, das instituições analisadas uma pequena minoria apresenta algo em seus PDIs. Além disso, o estudo permite afirmar não há preocupação com os gastos relacionados a contratações sustentáveis pelas instituições, pois na análise de 5 anos, o percentual das contratações sustentáveis é de 0,03%, enquanto que as não sustentáveis representam um percentual de 99,97%.
The history of Portugal in Elementary Education classrooms. Shape patriots or educate citizens?
Authors: Armas Castro Jose , Moreira Ana Isabel , Maia Cristina , Conde Miguélez Jorge
Published: July 2019

Se ofrecen resultados de una investigación cualitativa de tipo fenomenológico sobre la educación histórica en las aulas del 2º ciclo de Educación Básica del distrito de Porto, en el norte de Portugal. El objetivo es verificar si la historia de Portugal que se enseña contribuye a reforzar una identidad nacional tradicional y excluyente o a formar ciudadanos activos, participativos y críticos. Los datos se recogieron utilizando una entrevista a 6 profesores de historia y un cuestionario a 91 estudiantes de centros educativos públicos y privados. Siguiendo las recomendaciones de la Grounded Theory y utilizando la herramienta Atlas.ti se construyen categorías de análisis para caracterizar tres enfoques epistemológicos y didácticos (tradicional, innovador y crítico) que guían las prácticas de los profesores de historia, y se analiza la estructura y el contenido de las narrativas de los estudiantes sobre la historia de Portugal utilizando las tipologías narrativas de Jörn Rüsen. Los resultados indican que el profesorado comparte enfoques innovadores de enseñanza con una carga importante de lo tradicional y escasos trazos críticos. Las narrativas de los estudiantes ponen de manifiesto el predominio de las tipologías tradicional y ejemplar con escasos ejemplos críticos y genealógicos.

Results of a qualitative research of phenomenological type on historical education in the classrooms of the 2nd cycle of elementary education of the district of Porto, in the north of Portugal, are offered. The aim is to check whether the history of Portugal being taught contributes to reinforce a traditional and exclusive national identity or to educate active, participatory and critical citizens. The data was collected using an interview to 6 history teachers and a questionnaire to 91 students from public and private schools. As the Grounded Theory recommends and using the Atlas.ti tool, analysis categories have been constructed to characterize three epistemological and didactic approaches (traditional, innovative and critical) that guide the practices of history teachers, and the structure and content of students' narratives about the history of Portugal is analyzed using the narrative typologies from Jörn Rüsen. The results indicate that teachers share innovative teaching approaches with a heavy burden of traditional and few critical traits. The students' narratives show the predominance of traditional and exemplary typologies with few examples of critical and genealogical.