bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capacidade antioxidante de frutas e hortaliças
Authors: Silva Elga Batista da , Raposo Marcela Cristina Machado , Conceição Michele Matias da , Santos Vanessa De Oliveira dos
Published: March 2017

A definição de alimentos funcionais ainda é controversa na literatura, são definidos como aqueles que apresentam concentrações de um ou mais ingredientes modificados ou manipulados para melhorar sua contribuição para dieta saudável. Esses alimentos apresentam ainda nutrientes em quantidades apreciáveis, como é o caso das frutas e hortaliças que apresentam em sua composição compostos antioxidantes capazes de combater os radicais livres. Objetivou-se com essa revisão bibliográfica discutir os benefícios dos compostos com atividade antioxidantes presentes em frutas e hortaliças. Este estudo se utilizou da revisão de literatura para buscar evidencias sobre o tema abordado. Os carotenoides formam uma classe de pigmentos presentes nos vegetais, além das propriedades biológicas envolvendo sua atividade antioxidante, destacarmos a função antioxidante dos compostos fenólicos e das vitaminas A, C e E. As vitaminas são substâncias orgânicas presentes em muitos alimentos em pequenas quantidades e essenciais para o bom funcionamento de muitos processos fisiológicos do corpo humano. O aumento do consumo de frutas e hortaliças deve ser estimulado, pois diversos compostos presentes na célula vegetal como visto no presente trabalho, dentre eles a função antioxidante das vitaminas A, C e E, desempenham proteção e redução do risco de diversas doenças.

Antioxidant capacity of fruits and vegetables

Abstract: The definition of a functional food is still controversial in literature, they are defined as those having concentrations of ingredients one or more modified or manipulated to enhance their contribution to healthy diet. These foods still have appreciable amounts of nutrients, such as fruit and vegetables that have in their composition antioxidant compounds capable of combating free radicals. The aim of this review was to discuss benefits of compounds with antioxidant activity present in fruits and vegetables. This study used the literature review to seek evidence on the topic discussed. Carotenoids are a class of pigments present in plants, involving biological properties beyond its antioxidant activity, we deploy the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds and vitamins A, C and E. Vitamins are organic substances present in small amounts in many foods and essential for the proper functioning of many physiological processes of the human body. Increased consumption of fruits and vegetables should be encouraged, because many compounds present in the plant cell as seen in this study, including the antioxidant function of vitamins A, C and E play an important role in protection of various diseases.
Clinical Study: Use of a modified spatula in the anterior cervical discectomy and fusion to prevent damage to midline structures
Authors: Alexander Saldaña-Koppel Rodrigo Ramos-Zúñiga , Daniel
Published: March 2017

Background: The use of automatic retractors for an anterior cervical approach with discectomy and fusion is not exempt of soft tissue complications. All of this complications consequent to the uninterrupted mechanical compression that may generate inflammation and lesions to structures such as the trachea and esophagus. The modified spatula provides security and protection under the principle of minimal invasion and manual retraction. Methods and Materials: A protective spatula was designed (8 cm x 2.5 cm) with blunt angulated borders and support in the same arms of vertebral retractors to separate the midline structures. This allows a supra-selective approach to the intervertebral space under microscopic vision and protection to the trachea and esophagus, minimizing the traumatic damage generated by the mechanical compression. Results: This variant has been applied to a consecutive series of cases of one or two levels of anterior cervical approach for discectomy and fusion (ACDF), noticing considerably less complications from the compression of the soft structures in the midline. Conclusions: This modified spatula is an alternative to be applied in ACDF cases, under the principle of minimal invasion and manual retraction, providing greater security to prevent soft tissue injury of the midline structures.
Metodología para la construcción de Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje, apoyada en Realidad Aumentada
Authors: Ballesteros Ricaurte Javier Antonio , Bernal Zamora Leonardo
Published: March 2017

En el trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos del trabajo de grado titulado Metodología para la construcción de Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje Â­OVAâ€™s, apoyados en innovaciones tecnológicas como las herramientas de Realidad Aumentada (AR), para su reutilización en la plataforma virtual de la Universidad de Boyacá, requisito para obtener el título en Maestría en Sistemas Computacionales con Ã‰nfasis en Redes y Comunicaciones, el objetivo principal de la investigación: Construir una propuesta metodológica para la creación de Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (OVA) que incluya dentro de su estructura la inclusión de innovaciones tecnológicas como las herramientas de Realidad Aumentada.El resultado de la metodología propuesta para la creación de objetos de aprendizaje parte del estudio del estado del arte, los resultados del análisis de algunos referentes de metodologías para la construcción de objetos virtuales de aprendizaje, la incidencia del actual modelo pedagógico de la Universidad de Boyacá, la definición de objeto de aprendizaje, la conceptualización de la metodología y su estructura así como las diferentes fases que la componen. De esta manera nace UBoa â€“ Metodología para la creación de Objetos de Aprendizaje de la Universidad de Boyacá que se constituye en un elemento mediador soportado en una fase de control de calidad que organiza los procesos y valida la información para poder publicar objetos que cumplan con las exigencias pedagógicas y técnicas del actual modelo pedagógico de la Universidad de Boyacá
Dificultades en la escritura académica y funciones cognitivas: revisión de estudios
Authors: Avendaño Castro William Rodrigo , Paz Montes Luisa Stella , Rueda Vera Gerson
Published: March 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar algunas de las dificultades de la escritura académica en el nivel de postgrado reportadas en determinados estudios en el marco del concepto de las funciones cognitivas desarrollado por Reuven Feuerstein y otros trabajos que permiten evidenciar la posible relación entre estos dos fenómenos. Para ello, se exploró el marco conceptual de las funciones cognitivas y las operaciones mentales con base en la teoría de Feuerstein, et al. (1994), posteriormente se hizo una síntesis las dificultades descritas por Carlino (2007), Slafer (2009) y Hernández (2009), para establecer, finalmente, evidencias de la relación entre funciones cognitivas y dificultades en la escritura académica. Los resultados muestran que las diferentes dificultades evidenciadas en los procesos de escritura en el postgrado tienen su fuente en las deficiencias cognitivas presentadas en cada fase del acto mental (entrada, elaboración, salida). Se concluye que las dificultades en la escritura académica registradas en los estudios tienen un vínculo estrecho con funciones cognitivas de las fases de elaboración y salida del pensamiento, aunque estas se asocian a la fase de entrada.
The Principle of Freedom of Contract, Pre-Contractual Obligations Legal Review English, EU and US Law
Authors: Irakli Tedoradze
Published: March 2017

The impregnable foreign policy of Georgia is to become a full and equal member of the world. Over the past decade the country has been actively trying to integrate into the European economy, to regulate and harmonize the legal space, which will help the state to become attractive both for the world community, as well as potential investors and significantly strengthen its position in the domestic economy. A step forward in this direction may be considered signing the EU association agreement. This event clears the way to Europe for the business of Georgia. Therefore, it is extremely important to establish the proven regulations of Europe and to develop the legal space in compliance with international standards. All of this, of course, require legislative changes within the country in terms of its development, improving and adaptation, especially civil, antitrust, antidumping and competition regulatory legislation.
Cartographie De La Sensibilite Aux Maladies Environnementales Respiratoires Dans Le District Sanitaire De Koumassi-Port-Bouët-Vridi (Sud De La Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Damien Kouame Adonis Krou , Maïmouna Fofana Kandana Eve , Hervé Mobio Abaka Brice , Jean-Baptiste Kassi Ahon , Fernand Kouame Koffi , Valère Djagoua Eric M’moi
Published: March 2017

In Côte d’Ivoire morbidity causes are related to diseases such as malaria, diarrhea, and acute respiratory infections (ARI), which are constantly evolving. Koumasi and Port-Bouet are the most affected municipalities in the country. This study aims to find environmental determinants of spatial distribution of the ARIs and identify the most sensitive areas to take action for prevention and effective control and targeted in order to reduce the prevalence of ARI. To achieve this goal, we have identified environmental factors associated with the occurrence of ARI. Different environmental and cartographic data were integrated into a GIS. A multi-criteria analysis was performed to determine the environmental parameters that expose more people to the occurrence of the IRA and the weights of these parameters. The combination of exposure maps was used to map the sensitivity to IRA. Multi-criteria analysis revealed that refuse dumps have the highest influence in the occurrence of the disease, followed by industrial facilities and permanent wastewater. The ARI sensitivity map obtained shows that neighborhoods Nord-est 2 and Zone industrielle in Koumassi municipality are most susceptible to ARI. In the municipality of Port-Bouet sensitivity is more pronounced at Vridi canal and Vridi 3. Special attention should therefore be granted these neighborhoods.
Conflits Armés Et Fragilité De L’autorité Étatique Au Nord-Kivu En République Démocratique Du Congo
Authors: Bahama Tabin Lissendja
Published: March 2017

This article analyzes the official institutional weakness of Congo’s state in its quest to strengthen its authority in the province of North Kivu. Indeed, since 1998, it became obvious that state authority at both the central and provincial levels in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) were weakened by armed groups’ activism, war-based economy, borders’ looseness, militarization of local economy, and its extraversion. The most obvious challenge today is that private actors and organizations are acting in networks and mobilizing strategies. These strategies were employed in order to prevent the expansion of state authority over their areas of intervention. The presence of the latter would heavily affect the emergence and the pursuit of business, often associated with illicit practices. The operatory mode of this predation considerably limits Congo’s state capacity and it was to the detriment of the local population. This study revealed that Congo’s state is no longer capable of redeploying its authority in the province of North Kivu. On the other hand, it does not want to do it anymore because this state of chaos paradoxically protects the political and economic interests of certain members of the ruling class. Its apparent weakness denotes more unwillingness than a real incapacity.
Emotional Consequences in Harassed Women from a Public (Government) Institution
Authors: Reyes Maria Kenya Lopez , Espinosa Ana Maria Alejandra Herrera , Romero Raul Rocha
Published: March 2017

The aim of this study is to identify the emotional consequences in workers occupationally harassed in a public institution in the state of Puebla, Mexico. We conducted semi-structured interviews to 6 employees. There were obtained 9 categories of Harassment in the Workplace: feelings of harassment, types of violence at work, personal beliefs, personality traits of the harasser, emotions, emotional consequences, to the institution, perspective to the harassment and perspective to the emotional regulation. The results of the contents analysis show the emotional regulation is difficult to manage in people who suffer harassment at work, that there is emotional repression in the face of the events of harassment in the workplace to express feelings toward his stalker and that vulnerability is not an emotion expressed in the workers who suffer harassment in the workplace. Emotions such as anger, fear, helplessness and frustration are some of the emotional consequences in victims, as well as the predisposition to harassment and distrust of authority figures, influencing in a negative way to these female employees in a cognitive level, emotional, social and to work policies.
DIMINUTIVE IN HUNGARIAN AND SERBIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Андрић Eдита Ј.
Published: March 2017

Деминутив је, како се чини, језичка универзалија, па се може анализира-ти и у генетски и типолошки несродним језицима као што су мађарски и српски. У анализисе бавимо начином стварања деминутивних облика у поменута два језика, али и функцијоми употребом умањеница.
TELICITY IN THE VERBS OF MOTION IN FRENCH AND SERBIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Vilić Ivana M.
Published: March 2017

Cilj ovog rada je da se ukaže na sličnosti u izražavanju semantičke kategorijeteličnosti kod glagola kretanja u francuskom i srpskom jeziku. Uz glagole koji svojim značenjemukazuju na neograničeni proces kretanja, u srpskom jeziku uz neprekidno-trajne glagole, odnosnoatelične glagolske situacije u francuskom, u oba jezika stoje predlozi koji označavaju da u toku kretanjanije dostignuta tačka cilja: u francuskom predlog vers [prema], a u srpskom jeziku predloškopadežnakonstrukcija sa dativom. Uz telične glagolske situacije u francuskom, a u srpskom uz glagoleperfektivnog vida, odnosno glagole koji upućuju na trenutne radnje kretanja, i u francuskom iu srpskom jeziku stoje predlozi koji izražavaju podatak da je u toku kretanja dostignuta tačka cilja:u francuskom predlozi à [u] i jusque (+à/en) [do], a u srpskom jeziku predloško-padežna konstrukcijasa akuzativom. Analiza načina izražavanja teličnosti kod glagola kretanja u francuskom i usrpskom jeziku otkriva istovremeno i razlike u izražavanju aspektualnog značenja u ova dva jezika.
THE CHURCH SLAVIC ELEMENTS IN THE RUTHENIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Фейса Михайло П.
Published: March 2017

Церковнославянски язик бул хасновани як литературни язик пред при-селєньом Руснацох до Бачки 1745. року. Церковнославянски охабел шлїди у руским язику иавтор ше у тей роботи занїма праве з тима шлїдами. Робота обезпечує приклади зоз церков-ней сфери (записнїки церковних одборох, духовни писнї, публикациї духовного змисту и др.)и описує нєшкайше хаснованє церковнославянского язика у грекокатолїцких церквох медзиРуснацами у Бачки и Сриму.
TONING DOWN STATEMENTS IN NEWSPAPER EDITORIALS
Authors: Trajkova Zorica P.
Published: March 2017

Овај рад анализира језичке форме и прагматичко функционисање ограда у маке-донским и америчким новинским уводницима. Ово поређење је посебно занимљиво јер дајеувид у културне разлике које се огледају у начинима на којим македонски и амерички писциодлучују да ублаже своје изјаве тако да су прихватљивије за читаоце. Анализа је заснована накорпусу од 18 уводника (9 из Америчких новина и 9 из Македонских), који се баве свакодне-вним социјалним темама које су у интересу оба друштва. Осим тога, уводници се процењујуод изворних говорника (40 Американаца и 40 Македонаца) на скали од 1–5 за то колики јестепен њихове убедљивости. Свеобухватне анализе употребе и дистрибуције ограда пока-зале су да амерички писци уводника користе шири избор ограда у односу на македонскеписце. Осим тога, анализа је показала да коришћење ограде у оба уводника, македонском иенглеском, потакло је ефекат убедљивости који имају на читаоце. Што је већи број ограда,текст је убедљивији. Да сумирамо, ова студија даје јединствен увид у наше разумевање моћиновинарског дискурса и посебно уводника, и осветљава важну димензију њеног реторичкогзначаја за две различите културе. Иако овај рад се бави са ограниченим корпусом, он дајенеке врло важне правце које треба узети у обзир када се суочавамо са уводницима и каописци и као читаоци.
DVOSTRUKI MODALI U PRIMERIMA BRITANSKOG ENGLESKOG JEZIKA
Authors: Radovanović Aleksandra M.
Published: March 2017

Centralni modalni glagoli, zbog svojih semantičkih i sintaksičkih karakteristika, ne upotrebljavaju se uzastopno u standardnom engleskom jeziku. Uzastopna upotreba centralnih modala karakteristika je nekih dijalekata engleskog jezika. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da istraži na primerima iz korpusa British National Corpus da li se konstrukcije sa dvostrukim modalima ipak pojavljuju u engleskom jeziku, da opiše njihova značenja i ukaže na sličnosti i razlike sa dvostrukim modalima u dijalektima. Uvod predstavlja osvrt na modalnost kao kategoriju i njene tipove, centralne modalne glagole, a zatim se ukratko ukazuje na prethodna istraživanja ovih konstrukcija u dijalektima. Centralni deo rada je posvećen analizi, prvenstveno semantičkoj, primera upotrebe dvostrukih modala nakon čega slede zaključci analize. Rad navodi primere upotrebe glagola may, might, must i shall sa ostalim centralnim modalima, a gde je neophodno, ukazuje se i na specifičnosti kolokacija centralnih modala sa polumodalima. Rad dokazuje da su ovakve konstrukcije u korpusu retko prisutne, da ne ispoljavaju određene semantičke pravilnosti i da se semantički i leksički razlikuju od ovih konstrukcija u dijalektima. Prisutne su kombinacije modala sa različitim značenjima (epistemičko, deontičko i dinamičko), a najčešće dvostruki modali samo pojačavaju modalno značenje. Prvenstveno se upotrebljavaju za izražavanje nesigurnosti/neizvesnosti ili mogućnosti.
‘BUT EVER SINCE SO TO SAY I HAVE TAKEN OVER THE PROPER WORDS … SO TO SAY I HAVE NO PROBLEMS’: LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES OF VOJVODINA HUNGARIAN MIGRANTS AND COMMUTERS FROM SERBIA TO HUNGARY
Authors: Gábrity Eszter
Published: March 2017

In this paper, I examine and compare views, beliefs and ideas about two varieties of Hungarian in the framework of language ideologies. The purpose of the present paper is to illuminate the linguistic situation of the Hungarian migrants and commuters from Vojvodina through the examination of their language ideologies. The study focuses on the language ideologies of migrants and commuters who belong to the Hungarian minority community in Vojvodina and moved to Hungary or commute between Hungary and Serbia on a regular basis, thus they have frequent linguistic contacts and interactions on both sides of the border.  The research analyzes ordinary people’s views upon the relationship between their vernacular  and the standard variety, their views related to the status of their vernacular as well as their bidialectal language use. I intend to reveal how members of the Hungarian minority community locate, interpret and rationalize (if so) sociolinguistic complexities of their everyday lives. [1] The present paper presents a segment of a research project: Integrating (trans)national migrants in transition states (TRANSMIG) – joint research project in the framework of the co-operation program SCOPES (2009-2012), submitted to the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), coordinated by Prof. Dr. Doris Wastl-Walter (Department of Geography, University of Bern).
ODNOS BOŠKA TOKINA I MILOŠA CRNJANSKOG PREMA MIKELANĐELU
Authors: Miljak Ivana I.
Published: March 2017

U radu je predstavljen i na osnovu putopisnih tekstova tumačen odnos dvojice avangardista prema renesansnom umetniku Mikelanđelu. Osvetlili smo na koji način su Boško Tokin i Miloš Crnjanski videli Mikelanđela Buonarotija i njegov rad. Prvi je pisao o Sikstini i kada je govorio o Rimu i o Mikelanđelu. Crnjanski je obuhvatio gotovo celokupno delo ali i život Buonarotija. Ipak, obojica su u Mikelanđelu, ali i u Hristu sa Kupole, videli stradalnika punog patnje, kao što su i sami bili ovi avangardni pisci, naročito u trenutku kada su počeli da pišu o renesansnom velikanu, tih dvadesetih godina prošlog veka. Ono što svakako spaja Tokina i Crnjanskog jesu iste okolnosti u kojima su se našli, milje u kojem su živeli i njima izazvana osećanja koja su nosili.
ПЕСМЕ У ПРОЗИ РЕНЕА ШАРА
Authors: Медан Маја Ј.
Published: March 2017

Рад се бави проблемом форме песме у прози збирке „Бес и тајанство” Ренеа Шара. Механизам функционисања самог жанра, који се темељи на хераклитовском јединству супротности и принципу антистатичности, препознаје се на више различитих нивоа у Шаровом песништву. На тај начин, кроз сраслост за сопствену форму, пропитују се и интензивирају основне карактеристике Шарове поетике.
VIKTORIJANSKO NASUPROT MODERNOM: MODALNOST U JEZIKU FAULSOVE ŽENSKE FRANCUSKOG PORUČNIKA
Authors: Držajić Katarina P.
Published: March 2017

Pored briljantnih zapleta, neodoljivih likova i misterioznih mesta događanja, britanski pisac Džon Fauls poznat je i po svojim kreativnim jezičkim igrama. Njegovi romani često govore o muškoj i ženskoj ulozi, kao i poželjnim i nepoželjnim postupcima u društvu. Ženska francuskog poručnika, Faulsov najpoznatiji roman, uspešno kombinuje tradicionalni viktorijanski stil pripovedanja sa modernim/postmodernim, gde pri tom prvi simbolizuje društvene stege nametnute junacima, a drugi njihove iskrene emocije i želje. Cilj ovog rada je da analizira modalnost kao jedan od najinteresantnijih načina ilustrovanja ova dva suprotstavljena principa.
ИМЕНИЧКЕ СЛОЖЕНИЦЕ У СПИСИМА ГАВРИЛА СТЕФАНОВИЋA ВЕНЦЛОВИЋА
Authors: Јосимовић Ивана В.
Published: March 2017

У раду се анализирају именичке сложенице у списима Гаврила Стефановића Венцловића. Лексички материјал је прикупљен из списа Црни биво у срцу који је приредио Милорад Павић, а издала Просвета 1996. године у Београду.
MAY/MIGHT I NJIHOVI SRPSKI EKVIVALENTI – NOVE TENDENCIJE U UPOTREBI
Authors: Bajat Snežana G.
Published: March 2017

S obzirom na rezultate novijih lingvističkih proučavanja, evidentno je da modalni glagoli u engleskom jeziku prolaze kroz promene koje se tiču njihove učestalosti, ali i značenjskih polja koja pojedinačno obuhvataju. Stoga je načinjen pokušaj da se modalni glagoli may/might prouče u epistemičkom i deontičkom značenju, te da se ustanove njihovi ekvivalenti u srpskom jeziku i eventualne nove tendencije u upotrebi. Sprovedena je kontrastivna analiza korpusa od 113 rečenica na engleskom jeziku i njihovih prevoda na srpski. Osim što se ustano- vljava frekvencija upotrebe i vrsta modalnog značenja koja se iskazuje modalima may i might, analizira se i struktura u kojoj su upotrebljeni tj. broj negiranih modala, te broj modala upotre- bljenih u kombinaciji sa perfekatskim, odnosno progresivnim infinitivom. Na kraju se pažnja obraća na način prevođenja ovih modalnih glagola. Izdvajaju se atipični primeri i komentariše opravdanost takvog izbora prevodnih sredstava. Osim kvalitativnog proučavanja modala may/ might u datim kontekstima i njihovih leksičko-gramatičkih ekvivalenata u srpskom jeziku, spro- vedena je i kvantitativna analiza korpusa. Dobijeni podaci su sumirani i tabelarno prikazani.
BRENNENDE GEFÜHLE: DIE STRUKTURMETAPHER EMOTION IST FEUER IN DEUTSCHEN, SERBISCHEN UND UNGARISCHEN PHRASEOLOGISMEN
Authors: Papišta Žolt A.
Published: March 2017

Für die metaphorische Korrelation von Emotionen und Feuer in unserem konzeptuellen System ist in erster Linie unsere Erfahrung bezüglich des eigenen Körpers verantwortlich ‒ bestimmte Emotionen lösen spezifische somatische Reaktionen aus, infolge derer sich unsere Körpertemperatur erhöht. Dieser Temperaturanstieg kann als ein Feuer im eigenen Körper konzeptualisiert werden, was sich auch in der Sprache widerspiegelt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden deutsche, serbische und ungarische Phraseologismen, bei denen die Strukturmetapher EMOTION IST FEUER identifiziert werden konnte, mithilfe der konzeptuellen Methode analysiert, mit dem Ziel, die verschiedenen aus kognitiv-linguistischer Sicht relevanten Aspekte dieser Strukturmetapher, wie auch Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede in der Konzeptualisierung von Emotionen in diesen Sprachen aufzudecken. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass die analysierten Sprachen unterschiedliche Emotionen als Feuer konzeptualisieren, jedoch strukturiert diese Strukturmetapher unterschiedliche Gefühle in diesen Sprachen auf eine ähnliche Weise. Relevante Unterschiede in der Konzeptualisierung konnten festgestellt werden, die sich darauf beziehen, wie ontologische und Orientierungsmetaphern in die Konzeptualisierung miteinbezogen werden, wie eine dynamische Transition zwischen Emotionen (bzw. die Intensivierung einer Emotion) konzeptualisiert wird, und was aus der kraft-dynamischen Perspektive den Antagonisten darstellen kann.
THE CONCEPT OF TIME IN IAN MCEWAN’S „THE CHILD IN TIME“
Authors: Stamenković Slađana S.
Published: March 2017

Pojam vremena je osnovni deo ljudskog poimanja sveta i stvarnosti. Definisan u nauci i fizici, ovaj pojam je uticao na društvene i humanističke nauke, pre svih na književnost. U savremenom svetu, vreme se smatra delom prostor-vremena, složenog kontinuuma koji je nelinearan i umnogome neredovan. Kao takav, on predstavlja značajan deo raznih filozofskih i kulturoloških teorija, među kojima je i Bodrijarova teorija hiperrealnosti. U Makjuanovom romanu Dete u vremenu, vreme se pokazuje kao bitan deo priče, izvor dinamičnosti i zapleta romana, kao i pokazatelj savremenog ljudskog stanja poput patnje za izgubljenom decom u nama samima.
Laying hen nutrition: optimizing energy intake, egg size and weight
Authors:   Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), France, Nys Y.
Published: March 2017

Hen nutrition must address a number of different goals, including maximizing egg production, maintaining egg quality, extending the laying cycle and ensuring hen health and welfare. This chapter focuses on the role of nutrition in optimizing energy intake, egg size and egg weight. It reviews the different nutritional requirements hens have in their pre-laying and laying phases; discusses how feed consumption can be controlled; and then reviews the effects of energy concentration, dietary lipids, dietary proteins and amino acids on egg weight. It also offers a discussion of how the inclusion of cereals and alternative protein sources in the diet can affect egg characteristics.
Welfare standards for laying hens
Authors:   University of Bristol, UK, Butterworth Andy
Published: March 2017

Consumers regard animal welfare as an important attribute of the food they eat. Sellers have to pay due attention to animal welfare before selling food like eggs or poultry to people. There are many welfare standards for laying hens and this chapter looks into some of these standards like commercial welfare standards and global standards. The way in which these standards are implemented is important to ensure quality in production and this chapter looks into this important aspect.
Beak trimming of laying hens: welfare costs and benefits
Authors:   University of Glasgow, UK, McKeegan Dorothy
Published: March 2017

Beak trimming is a procedure routinely applied in the egg industry to prevent feather pecking and cannibalism. The traditional method of trimming by application of a hot blade (HB) has been superseded by infrared (IR) beak trimming. Both methods are associated with acute pain, but there is evidence that IR trimming has welfare advantages over HB trimming. Injurious pecking in laying hens remains a complex and intractable problem and unpredictable pecking outbreaks are more likely and more severe in intact beak flocks. Beak trimming is still the most effective preventative strategy available and, while it remains the case that we cannot reliably control injurious pecking under commercial conditions, the welfare costs imposed by IR beak trimming are probably justified.
Maintaining the health of laying hens: a practical approach
Authors:   Michigan State University, USA, Fulton Richard M.
Published: March 2017

Biosecurity plays a pivotal role in maintaining the health of poultry. Biosecurity is the protection of birds from disease-causing agents. This chapter reviews the range of biosecurity measures required to maintain the health of laying hens. It talks about separation of birds which is an important measure. It reviews disease identification and detection, including the identification of specific diseases and vaccination regimes for prevention or treatment. Finally, this chapter discusses in detail the common diseases of egg-laying chickens, some of them being respiratory diseases, diseases related to the nervous system, the intestinal system, etc.
Laying hen nutrition: optimising hen performance and health, bone and eggshell quality
Authors:   Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), France, Nys Y.
Published: March 2017

"Hen nutrition must address a number of different goals including maximising egg production, maintaining egg quality, extending the laying cycle and ensuring hen health and welfare. This chapter focuses on the dietary influences on eggshell quality and bone health. It looks first at the role of phosphorus and calcium in the diet. It then goes on to review other nutritional factors such as fatty acids, vitamins, magnesium and trace elements. After a review of dietary influences on egg yolk coloration, the chapter concludes by discussing the ways nutrition can promote hen health in such areas as the prevention of hepatic steatosis, osteoporosis, keel bone disorders and feather picking.
Integração entre medidas de controle de enchentes e o aproveitamento social do espaço urbano na bacia do rio Jacaré – município do Rio de Janeiro.
Authors: Bragança Luana de Souza , Fonseca Paulo Luiz da , Hora Mônica de Aquino Galeano Massera da
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo propor uma abordagem sistêmica referente ao manejo de águas pluviais na bacia hidrográfica do rio Jacaré, localizado no Rio de Janeiro/RJ, contemplando um reservatório de detenção off-line aberto, com área total de 16.000 m² e profundidade de 3 m, operado por gravidade, para controle de enchentes na bacia. O hidrograma de projeto foi determinado pelo método do Soil Conservation Service (SCS), para tempos de recorrência de 5, 10 e 25 anos com duração crítica equivalente ao tempo de concentração. As vazões de pico obtidas, para os tempos de recorrência avaliados, foram de 38,78 m³/s, 50,15 m³/s e 68,82 m³/s, respectivamente. O routing do reservatório, obtido através do Método Modificado de Puls, resultou em amortecimento de 86% para um tempo de recorrência de 5 anos, 71% para 10 anos e 54% para 25 anos. O reservatório proposto foi idealizado de modo a permitir usos múltiplos e a integração com o espaço urbano, a partir da adequação da bacia de deten¬ção em uma quadra de futebol de grama, além de uma área de vivência, um espaço de lazer para crianças e de exercícios para ido¬sos. Desta forma, seria possível agregar valor social à comunidade local.
Português indígena
Authors: Mesquita Rodrigo , Menezes Adriane Melo de Castro
Published: March 2017

Ferreira, Rogério Vicente; Amado, Rosane de Sá; Cristino, Beatriz Protti (orgs.) (2014). Português indígena: novas reflexões. Munique: LINCOM EUROPA. Pp. 146. ISBN 978-3-86288-568-8.
The variable prosodic parsings of Nivaĉle glottal stop
Authors: Gutiérrez Analía
Published: March 2017

This paper establishes the featural and prosodic representations of the Nivaĉle (Mataguayan) glottal stop. On the one hand, it is proposed that the Nivaĉle glottal stop is unspecified for place features, but specified for constricted glottis ([c.g]). On the other hand, it is advanced that /ʔ/ is an independent consonantal phoneme in the language that has multiple prosodic parsings. First, a glottal stop can occur (contrastively) in syllable onset position. Second, a postvocalic glottal stop can be variably parsed to the vocalic Nucleus of the syllable and hence form part of a Complex Nucleus or to the coda position. As a result, two different manifestations of phonetic glottalized vowels are realized: creaky/rearticulated and vowelglottal coda, respectively. It is argued that these diverse glottal realizations are rooted in a set of prosodic constraints.
Fragmentos de identidad insular: paisaje y cultura local como herramientas para la planificación turística de Agaete [España] y Alghero [Italia]
Authors: Sosa García Omar
Published: March 2017

Algunas ciudades históricas costeras, con cierto potencial de desarrollo turístico y arraigadas tradiciones culturales, necesitan una planificación adecuada para afrontar dicho desarrollo. La sobreexplotación de la franja costera impulsa el deterioro de los valores que la hacen diferentes de otros territorios, razón básica de su posible atractivo turístico. Así, bajo la consideración de que la cultura local y el paisaje están intrínsecamente unidos, influencian el evolución de dichas ciudades y territorios y pueden ser la base de un desarrollo turístico ambiental y socialmente sostenible, se plantea el análisis, en los casos de Agaete y Alghero, de toda forma de expresión de la tradición histórica local para componer la imagen contemporánea de su cultura, donde el paisaje sea el elemento articulador de los espacios en los que esta cultura se desarrolla, permitiendo la comprensión de su ordenación física a través del territorio y su posterior puesta en valor.
Paisagens em trânsito: o caso da Estrada Parque Taguatinga
Authors: Silva Sued Ferreira da , Saboia Luciana
Published: March 2017

O artigo busca investigar a experiência da paisagem no cotidiano a partir dos deslocamentos ao longo dos eixos viários, tendo como estudo de caso a Estrada Parque Taguatinga (EPTG), DF-085. A discussão irá delinear-se a partir de um componente teórico e outro empírico. O primeiro irá examinar o papel das infraestruturas viárias no reconhecimento do território e de suas paisagens, e principalmente os modos de percepção nos deslocamentos cotidianos e na experiência do próprio movimento. Já o componente empírico se desenvolverá em função do estudo de caso, iniciando-se com um breve histórico da via, suas escalas, usos e configurações; como também de análises baseadas na antropologia interpretativa, com as ferramentas de descrição etnográfica e observação participante, de modo a identificar tais paisagens, em permanente mutação. Além de situar as narrativas dos praticantes da cidade em seus percursos, atravessamentos e as experiências sensíveis que estabelecem com o território e a própria via no cotidiano.
A obra, o rosto e a mensagem. Reflexões sobre a construção da área portuária de Porto Alegre.
Authors: Lohmann Larissa
Published: March 2017

A investigação pretende aportar uma análise sobre o processo de construção do porto de Porto Alegre, em diálogo com a então ideologia política da capital rio-grandense. Tendo em vista os inúmeros matizes que compõe o caso de estudo, projetos e relatórios oficiais, além de testemunhos artísticos, fotografias e bibliografia sobre o tema serão estudados afim de documentar a evolução da paisagem costeira, desde seus antecedentes até a implantação do projeto “Porto Alegre porto de mar”. O objeto deste artigo é parte integrante de uma pesquisa mais ampla que se dedica a analisar a história e os significados que envolvem o Cais Mauá. A hipótese desta tese parte da premissa de que o lugar em estudo carrega vestígios de valor tanto estético como cultural, signos da história de Porto Alegre, capazes de transmitir as etapas evolutivas da área portuária da cidade e a metamorfose da paisagem no imaginário urbano.
Intercambios sobre la noción de paisaje cultural: la experiencia en la ciudad de Daxu [Jianghua County, Hunan] China
Authors: Orduña Paula , Pesoa Melisa , Wu Huan
Published: March 2017

El presente artículo trata de condensar la experiencia fruto del intercambio académico de ideas sobre la incorporación de la noción de "paisaje cultural" como instrumento de planeamiento urbano y territorial en un pequeño pueblo de tradición rural del interior de China llamado Daxu. En el contexto del acelerado proceso de transformación urbana y territorial propio del gran país asiático, se afronta la problemática de incorporar el concepto de "paisaje cultural" como eje de las actuaciones del máster plan de este municipio rural, con el objetivo de ayudar a un desarrollo local sostenible.
Experimental Verification of FEMA P646 Tsunami Loading
Authors: Lukkunaprasit Panitan ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Chulalongkorn UniversityPhayathai Road, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand, Thanasisathit Nuttawut , Yeh Harry ,   School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Oregon State University, 220 Owen Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-3212, USA
Published: March 2017

The 2004 catastrophe of the Indian Ocean tsunami prompted scientists and engineers to develop better guidelines for economically designed essential buildings that are capable of withstanding tsunami forces. A recent design guidelines document – FEMA P646 [1] published by the US Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) – proposes a practical method to estimate the tsunami design forces at a given locality with a known maximum tsunami runup height. This paper focuses on verifying the method stipulated in FEMA P646 through laboratory experiments, assuming the beach condition similar to Kamala beach in Phuket, Thailand, which suffered great losses by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Our experimental results confirm that the predicted forces provide a reasonable upper bound for the measured forces.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Brazilian Violin Players
Authors: Kochem Frederico B , Silva Julio G
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) and associated factors among violinists from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 106 violinists from eight cities in the state of Rio de Janeiro.
Sociodemographic and musical characteristic data, pain symptoms, and upper-limb functionality were collected using the DASH and the Standardized Nordic Questionnaires. The associations between musculoskeletal complaints and possible predictors were analyzed by binary logistic regression. RESULTS:
Of the 106 surveyed violin players, 86.8% reported at least one painful area in the last 12 months and 77.4% in the last week. These symptoms were responsible for the temporary interruption of musical activity in 8.1% of musicians. More than 50% of violinists showed dysfunctional upper limbs
according to the DASH optional module. Women were more likely to develop musculoskeletal disorders (OR 4.4, CI 1.9–10.0, p<0.001). In addition, older musicians were more likely to report pain in the last 7 days (OR 3.3, CI 5.1–10.97; p=0.04) and also had higher scores on the
DASH (OR 1.8, CI 1.1–3.1; p=0.01). Other factors associated with the development of PRMD were body mass index, practice hours per week, and final DASH score. CONCLUSION: Violinists living and working in the state of Rio de Janeiro have a high prevalence of PRMD, especially women and
older musicians.
Musculoskeletal Injury Profile of Circus Artists: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Wolfenden HEG , Angioi M
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND: The circus arts involve a high degree of acrobatic, athletic, and aesthetic ability with extreme physical demands placed on performers. An understanding of the injury profile is required to guide prevention. AIM: To provide the first systematic review to enhance understanding
of circus-related injuries and to provide a foundation for future preventative intervention. METHODS: MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from conception to March 2016 using key search terms relating to circus artists and injury. Studies were limited to English-language human
studies and included all levels and ages of circus artists. Risk of bias was assessed using a novel seven-item checklist based on the STROBE statement. RESULTS: Eight studies of varying design, populations, outcomes, and quality were analysed. Results suggest that the injury rate is relatively
low among professional circus artists at 7.37 to 9.27/1,000 artist exposures. The spine and ankle are frequently injured, and most injuries are to soft tissue structures. In the professional setting, injuries appear minor, resulting in few treatments, few missed or altered performances, and
a low risk of re-injury. CONCLUSIONS: The spine and ankle should be targeted for preventative interventions in circus artists due to their high frequency of injury. The heterogeneity of studies included in this review highlights the need for consistency within future research, particularly
in terms of injury definition and outcome measurements.
Using Turbine Technology to Run Casing, Liners and Completions to TD in Challenging Wells in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Okot Mike , Chima Jude , Muqeem Muhammad , Hajji Ali , Ramirez-Narino Alfredo , Al Haj Haitham , Rider John
Published: March 2017

Reactive formations, resulting in wellbore instability, can obstruct the running of casing, liners, and completions. This problem is particularly acute in highly deviated, complex wellbore geometries, and long horizontal sections, where increased exposure time can lead to deteriorating hole conditions.

This paper reviews the use of a novel fluid-powered Turbine Reamer Shoe (TRS) to successfully run 9⅝" casing, 7" drilling and production liners, and 4½" liners and completions through problematic intervals and hole conditions. The downhole turbine provides high speed reamer rotation without rotating the entire string, and requires minimal modification to standard running practices.

The 9⅝" and 7" casing/liner running turbines present a further novel design feature: an unobstructed through bore (at API drift ID of the string on which it is run) for rapid drill out and drilling ahead.

Results from over 30 onshore and offshore wells from the Manifa development, and several other fields, including Berri, Zuluf, Qatif, and Safaniya are analysed.

The TRS is now becoming a technology of choice in the planning of challenging wells, to mitigate the risk of sticking, and to reduce the flat time and HSE exposure involved in conditioning the wellbore and re-running casing, liners, and completions.
Drilling the World's Longest 6-1/8 in. Offshore Sidetrack Completed With ICD Screen Partially Cemented System
Authors: Aljubran M. J. , Al-Yami A. S.
Published: March 2017

A 6-1/8 in. sidetrack was planned for well-M as a result of water coning where the water cut climbed to as high as 35% in this old well. Drilling a pilot hole preceded the sidetrack operation in order to assess the surrounding reservoirs in the target area and most prolific candidate. Local geomechanical analysis was carried out in order to establish a mud window and ensure quality drilling with minimal wellbore instability, thus save rig time and operational cost. Cutting flow meters were deployed to monitor the hole cleaning performance and raise any red flags for immediate reactions to any abnormal wellbore behavior that may indicate wellbore instability.

A drillmap was constructed highlighting the different hazard categories that could be encountered throughout the job and the proper solution that needs to be implemented. Tripping and hole cleaning best practices were also established to further increase the operational awareness and alertness throughout the job. Sweep pills, reaming and short trips were optimized to keep a clean hole and avoid disturbing the borehole. Two different BHA's were utilized to complete this borehole: steerable mud motor to drill the curved section, and rotary steerable system to drill the horizontal section.

Well-X witnessed the deployment of the world's longest 4-1/2 in. partially cemented system with ICD screens, 7,389 ft. The competent drilling efforts enabled running this stiff assembly all the way across this extended reach lateral. The off-bottom liner system was hydraulically set and cemented in place where the reservoir was compartmentalized across the section with 48 ICD screens and five non-inflatable mechanical isolation openhole packers. This paper will focus on the drilling design and operational practices that enabled the achievement and deployment of this record system.
Improving Torque and Drag Prediction Using the Advanced Spline Curves Borehole Trajectory
Authors: Abughaban Mahmoud F. , Eustes Alfred W. , de Wardt John P. , Willerth Marc
Published: March 2017

Torque and drag [T&D] are critical elements in drilling deep vertical wells with unnoted tortuosity along the borehole and in extended-reach and deviated wells with high and repeated tortuosity. Current T&D models generate unreliable predictions due to the assumption that borehole trajectories are composed of constant curvature arcs between survey stations [the minimum curvature calculation method]. This assumption causes the bending parameter in the T&D equilibrium balance equations to be nil. Today's T&D models are either based on a continuous drillstring to wellbore contact [the soft-string model] or intermittent contact due to drillstring stiffness [the stiff-string model]. In both cases, the wellbore trajectory is based on the minimum curvature method.

The T&D model proposed is a phase II initiative of the non-constant curvature trajectory model: the advanced spline curves [ASC] borehole trajectory model published at the 2016 IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition (Abughaban el al. 2016). This modified three-dimensional [3D] T&D model [the ASC 3D T&D model] is a stiff-string model that includes geometric torsion, wellbore curvature, change in the rate of wellbore curvature and drillstring bending stiffness in the T&D equilibrium balance equations. The model has been validated using field cases with real-time forces that define T&D measured at the surface. The calculated outputs from these wells provide more accurate view of the drilling conditions downhole, including the downhole weight on bit and torque on bottom.

The novelty of the proposed model is the ability to estimate a more realistic bending effects, accurately predict the contact forces between the drillstring and the wellbore, and solve T&D parameters from surface to total depth in reasonable time using standard engineering computer. Accurately estimating these parameters will allow drilling engineers to update the driller with surface weight on bit and torque parameters to improve the drilling performance without taking undue risks with the drilling system such as stuck pipe, casing and drillpipe wear and drillstring fatigue. Thus, the ASC 3D T&D model is not only an alternative approach to accurately model downhole T&D parameters to be used in real-time operation centers [RTOC]; it can also serve as a step toward drilling automation.