bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recursos hídricos actuales y futuros en Chile y su disponibilidad para la vegetación mediterránea
Authors: Lozano-Parra Javier , García-Marín Ramón , Pulido Manuel , Ruiz-Álvarez Víctor
Published: July 2020

Las regiones áridas y semiáridas cubren actualmente más del 45% de la superficie terrestre. El territorio central de Chile se encuentra entre estas zonas y constituye un espacio que debe ser conservado por su importancia económica, ecológica y climática. Sin embargo, la creciente presión sobre el agua y las modificaciones climáticas hacen necesario cuantificar la cantidad de recursos hídricos, tanto actuales como futuros, distribuidos por el territorio chileno y establecer qué biomas podrían verse más afectados por las variaciones hídricas. Este estudio cuantifica el balance hídrico actual y futuro de forma distribuida para todo el territorio chileno y establece qué formaciones vegetales mediterráneas serán las más afectadas por las variaciones de los recursos hídricos. Los resultados demuestran que la zona central, lugar donde se concentra la mayor parte de la población chilena, constituiría uno de los territorios más sensibles a la escasez hídrica, con reducciones de los recursos que alcanzan un promedio de 75 mm año-1 para el 80% de los espacios mediterráneos. El descenso de los recursos hídricos podría comprometer el funcionamiento ambiental y económico de los espacios mediterráneos de Chile.
Proposta de Zoneamento Ambiental para o Parque Estadual Mata do Pau Ferro, Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Campos Jean Oliveira , Lima Valéria Raquel Porto de
Published: July 2020

O bioma Mata Atlântica é uma das áreas de maior biodiversidade do mundo e uma das mais degradadas pela ação antrópica, em vista disso, constitui uma área prioritária para a implantação de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza. A escassez de recursos financeiros e baixa disponibilidade de pessoal representam as principais dificuldades enfrentadas pelos órgãos ambientais para a manutenção das áreas protegidas. No estado da Paraíba, o Parque Estadual Mata do Pau Ferro abriga um dos fragmentos de Mata Atlântica mais representativos do estado. Situado no Planalto da Borborema, o fragmento está circundado pelo bioma Caatinga, apresentando-se assim, como um Refúgio Florestal. O Parque ainda não possui Plano de Manejo implementado, pelo que não dispõe de zoneamento, o que tem dificultado a sua gestão. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho se propõe a elaborar uma proposta de Zoneamento Ambiental para o Parque Estadual Mata do Pau Ferro. Para a elaboração da proposta de Zoneamento Ambiental foram realizadas as seguintes etapas: levantamento bibliográfico, aquisição de imagens do satélite Sentinel – 2B, levantamento das bases cartográficas da área de estudo e trabalhos de campo para mapeamentos, coleta de dados e registros fotográficos. Os dados foram processados através do software livre QGIS 2.18.25, e posteriormente utilizados para elaboração dos mapas ambientais. A partir da análise dos mapas e com base nos critérios do Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis – IBAMA foi realizada a delimitação das zonas. Os resultados evidenciaram o potencial do Parque para preservação da biodiversidade, manutenção do sistema hídrico da barragem Vaca Brava, turismo e educação ambiental. Foi identificada também a presença de conflitos e áreas degradadas no interior da unidade. A cobertura da Zona de Amortecimento apresentou dominância de pastagens e presença de fragmentos florestais com potencial para o estabelecimento de corredores ecológicos. Com o Zoneamento Ambiental foram estabelecidas sete zonas: Zona Intangível; Zona Primitiva; Zona de Uso Extensivo; Zona de Recuperação; Zona de Uso Conflitante; Zona de Ocupação Temporária; e Zona de Uso Especial. O zoneamento apontou a necessidade de mudança de uso das áreas, resolução de conflitos internos e maior fiscalização por parte dos órgãos gestores. As elaborações cartográficas e dados levantados podem ser utilizadas como subsídios ao planejamento e manejo da Unidade de Conservação, visando o alcance dos objetivos traçados para a categoria.
Online content sharing service providers’ liability in the directive on copyright in the Digital Single Market
Authors: Espín Alba Isabel
Published: July 2020

Digital technologies have transformed the way creative content protected by copyright is created, produced, distributed and accessed. The Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market aims to update copyright rules, taking into account changes in these paradigms. Of all the aspects of the reform, this paper critically analyses the content of Article 17, in order to deal with the so-called value gap that forced a change in the liability regime of the online content sharing service provider.
The complex situation of intermediary holding companies in the EU after the CJEU landmark decisions on the “Danish cases”
Authors: Ribeiro João Sérgio , Calderón José
Published: July 2020

In this article, we analyse the main implications for European intermediary holding companies in light of the Court of Justice of the EU landmark decisions on the Danish cases. Herein, the Court established a simultaneously relevant and complex doctrine on the interpretation of anti-abuse rules and principles, derived from Directives 2003/123/ EC “Parent-Subsidiary” and 2003/49/CE, “Interest and Royalties”. By carefully studying the Court’s decisions one has to acknowledge that the doctrine set forward by the CJEU in the Danish cases impacts significantly on the general concept of abusive tax practice and will also produce consequences on the use of “intermediary holding companies” located in EU Member States, in regard to the tax exemption entitlements provided by European Directives.
The (un)successful EU Environmental Policy
Authors: Leite Pinto Rafael
Published: July 2020

The EU asserts itself as a leader when it comes to climate change policy. In this article, we analyze the EU’s environmental action regarding the 7th Environmental Action Programme 2020 and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) 2030 set by the UN. We synthesise the successes and failures of the EU’s environmental policy in the fields of emissions reduction, circular economy, biodiversity, energy policy and agricultural policy, with the goal of understanding where the EU is lacking and what, therefore, needs stronger measures to reach international goals and avoid an environmental catastrophe. We conclude that the EU will not reach most environmental targets set for 2020 and in order to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, what changes need to be implemented to ensure stronger environmental measures.
Investigating academic plagiarism: A forensic linguistics approach to plagiarism detection
Authors: Sousa-Silva Rui
Published: July 2020

Automatic plagiarism detection tools have evolved considerably in recent years. Owing in part to the recent technological developments, which provided more powerful processing capacities, as well as to the research interest that plagiarism detection attracted among computational linguists, results are nowadays more accurate and reliable. However, most of the plagiarism detection systems freely and commercially available are still based on similarity measures, whose algorithms search for similar or, at most, identical strings of text, within a more or less short search distance. Although these methods tend to perform well in detecting literal, verbatim plagiarism, their performance drops when other strategies are used, such as word substitution or reordering. This paper presents the results of a forensic linguistic analysis of real plagiarism cases among higher education students. Comparing the suspect plagiarised strings against the most likely originals from a legal perspective, it is demonstrated that strategies other than literal borrowing are increasingly used to plagiarise. A forensic linguistic explanation of the strategies used and why they represent instances of plagiarism is then offered, and examples are provided to illustrate why existing software fails to detect them. The paper concludes by arguing that commonly used detection software packages can be effective in identifying matching text, but are not necessarily good plagiarism detection systems. More indepth research and improvements in computational linguistics and natural language processing are required to increase the accuracy and reliability of the machinedetection procedure.
Constructing the crisis: Audience perceptions of for-profit education and institutional integrity in the closure of Dana College
Authors: Sladek Amanda
Published: July 2020

For-profit education is playing an increasingly important role in the educational landscape, with more and more students enrolling in these institutions. However, many within and outside higher education decry the 'corporatisation' of education, fearing that profit motives are beginning to override concerns of institutional and intellectual integrity. This article examines how narratives surrounding for-profit education shape public perception of institutional integrity and how these narratives are co-constructed by their audiences by highlighting as a case study Dana College, a small nonprofit liberal arts college that suspended operations in June 2010 after an unsuccessful attempt to transfer ownership to a for-profit entity. This case study illustrates how failing to account for conflicting, audience-dependent perceptions of educational integrity in an evolving educational landscape can jeopardise the future of higher education.
A UK institution's university-wide approach to plagiarism:
Authors: Mainka Christina , Raeburn Scott , Earl Shirley
Published: July 2020

Research and consultations in session 2003/2004 by a University's Plagiarism Working Group uncovered a poor understanding of plagiarism and inconsistent handling procedures throughout its schools. In an effort to address both these issues, a strategic 2-year Action Plan was developed and rolled out beginning the following academic year in order to improve student support, staff awareness and more consistent practice overall. The plan included a pilot using the detection software service, Turnitin'UK, with five of the University's 14 schools. The pilot was only one of a series of university-wide deliberations, others included the revision and piloting of a University Plagiarism Code of Practice, implementation of school-based academic conduct officers, improved staff development opportunities and student support materials and events. One school in the University has served as a role model of good practice throughout. Noteworthy is the school's record keeping practice since session 2001/02 of incidences of plagiarism and other academic misconduct. In the paper we present the factors such as gender, nationality and level of study that have been found linked to the incidences of plagiarism in the school. Additionally, the role plagiarism detection software plays in addressing plagiarism is explored within the collaborative and holistic approach of the Action Plan. Finally, the challenges and resistance faced by key players throughout the implementation of the first phase of the Action Plan at the University are considered and the commitment to continuous enhancement recognised.
Communicative integrity and moral education
Authors: Lipscomb Martin
Published: July 2020

This paper suggests that moral education might be advanced where students are granted expressive tolerance in academic work. It is acknowledged that, in some instances, expressive tolerance may result in the disclosure of morally questionable or discriminatory opinions and that this disclosure presents difficulties for educators. However, it is argued that moral education is hampered by any process that blocks open and honest communication/debate and it is suggested that communicative

integrity between educators and students may be foreclosed when educators from practice-based disciplines that espouse strong moral claims impose non-academic normative or professional values upon debate and/or assignment assessment (marking). It is noted that significant logical and practical problems attend attempts to 'police' moral content and, to illustrate these problems, an argument that might be described as homophobic is presented. It is suggested that educators who threaten or

act to penalise or fail student written work containing discriminatory statements/arguments such as that described in the 'homophobic' example may encourage students who hold such opinions to hide (self-censor) their views so that such views

remain or continue unexamined. It is proposed that communicative integrity in educator-student relations is a necessary prerequisite for open dialogue and moral development/education.
'Another chance to practice': Repeating plagiarism education for EAL students within a discipline context
Authors: McGowan Sue , Lightbody Margaret
Published: July 2020

The accounting and education literatures contain many expressions of concern regarding the perception that plagiarism is on the rise and, particularly, the challenges for English as an Additional Language (EAL) students in mastering the academic referencing requirements underpinning Western-based university programs. This paper outlines an assignment specifically developed to assist EAL students in a second-year financial accounting course delivered in Hong Kong, to develop an understanding of plagiarism issues within the context of their study discipline. The analysis of results indicates that the assignment was effective in enhancing students' understanding of referencing and plagiarism, and confirms the need to actively repeat plagiarism education throughout a study program. The assignment was also seen to have enhanced the quality of students' written work, arguably due to the nature of the assignment as closely replicating the learning methodologies familiar to the Hong Kong student cohort.
Cheating in school: What we know and what we can do
Authors: Bretag Tracey
Published: July 2020

Cheating in school: What we know and what we can do, is perhaps the most comprehensive and accessible text on the topic of academic integrity that I have read. Readers in the Asia-Pacific region who think the title is indicative of an interest in student cheating in the pre-tertiary sector, will be pleased to know that this book covers student cheating across the range of educational institutions, from primary (grade) school, through to the middle years, high school and post-secondary colleges and universities. I spent three days of valuable professional development reading and noting the book, often going to the numerous websites referred to, and generally refreshing my understandings of the academic integrity research and best practice from the last 15 years. It does not seem adequate to say that Davis, Drinan and Bertram Gallant should be congratulated on this carefully and elegantly constructed presentation of the field.

View the PDF for the full review
The wider dimensions of academic integrity
Authors: Astore William
Published: July 2020

Plenary Address: Annual International Conference of the Center for Academic

Integrity St. Louis, Missouri

17 October 2009

In this presentation I'd like to focus on the wider dimensions of academic integrity. To participate in this conversation, we need to turn a mirror on ourselves – as an academic community– and ask whether we're setting the right example for our students, and also whether our rhetoric of integrity is consistent with the reality of our academic world.
Understanding the need: Using collaboratively created draft guiding principles to direct online synchronous learning in Indigenous communities
Authors: Eady Michelle , Woodcock Stuart
Published: July 2020

This article reports on the experience of members of an Australian Aboriginal community as they used synchronous computer technologies to enhance their literacy learning. The aspiration to learn meaningful and relevant literacy and computer skills was discussed in focus groups, as well as the need to articulate the group's position within the wider community, the value of the wisdom of the Elders, and the importance of the dissemination of traditional language and Aboriginal knowledge. Educational integrity was deeply embedded in the project's approach to the Aboriginal learning experience, and included ensuring respect for cultural needs and traditions, as well as acknowledging the learners as active participants of their own learning. Successful implementation of the project led to the creation of the Community Strength Model (CSM) based on the premise of Henderson's multiple cultural model, which incorporates ethnic minority and Indigenous culture as a cultural logic to be respected and included in the development of Indigenous e-learning activities. The process of the project helped to clarify the importance of Indigenous and cultural contributions to the model while approaching new learning experiences using digital technologies. The research provides a set of principles to guide future researchers and practitioners in working with technology in Indigenous communities in integrative

ways.
Digital integrity and the teaching/learning nexus: Taking the pedagogical pulse of the multilocation university
Authors: Stirling Jeannette , Hopkins Kerryn , Riddick Brendan
Published: July 2020

This case study considers questions of pedagogical and educational integrity in relation to multi-location or distributed learning environments that deploy blended learning models. Specifically, we engage with the implications of these models in light of recommendations that Australian universities continue to improve access for students from low socio-economic backgrounds and other identified equity groups. We provide an overview of the critical success factors germane to the implementation of these models at the University of Wollongong in 2000 and examine some of the pressure points that have emerged as the project expands into 2010.
Gibbons straddles the Mozambican public education system: Critical literacy challenges and moral dilemmas in Mozambican new curriculum
Authors: Rambe Patient , Mawere Munyaradzi
Published: July 2020

While the concept of literacies has been heavily contested in the last two decades in Africa, the monumental studies on the concept have emphasised micro climate settings of classrooms and insignificant attention has been devoted to examining the connections between classroom practices and national policy imperatives. We therefore attempt to contextualise a particular genre of literacy (critical literacy) within the realm of a national education system policy. We marshal critical literacy and position it against the Mozambican educational landscape to unravel the extent to which the national curriculum captures and informs this genre of literacy. The social pressures on the contemporary education systems, rapid technological advancement and the need for socially relevant knowledge have necessitated educational systems to revisit the genres of literacies they offer, and specifically, to foreground critical literacy. Drawing on Gibbons' mode 2 knowledge production systems that emphasises practical application of knowledge in the contexts of its production, we examine the extent to which the current knowledge production systems and the new curriculum in Mozambique reflects critical literacy practices that foster self-critical, responsible learners who contribute significantly to the society. Drawing on Mozambique's policy statements, education system, and academic literature in the field, we argue that the educational landscape and new curriculum in particular have not only undermined possibilities for Mozambican learners to become self-critical, but have compromised the quality of education against regional and international standards.
Tracking plagiarism electronically: First-year students' perceptions of academic dishonesty and reports of cheating behaviour in the basic communication course
Authors: Mazer Joseph , Hunt Stephen
Published: July 2020

This study explored how electronic submission of course material, intended to deter instances of plagiarism, influenced first-year students' perceptions of academic dishonesty and reports of cheating behaviour in a large, multi-section basic communication course. Results reveal that electronic submission of course material results in first-year students being less likely to self-report engaging in cheating behaviours and heightens their appreciation and awareness of what constitutes academic dishonesty. Implications for classroom pedagogy, course management, and teacher training are discussed.
Patterns in plagiarism and patchwriting in science and engineering graduate students' research proposals
Authors: Vieyra Michelle , Strickland Denise , Timmerman Briana
Published: July 2020

As part of a larger study, written research proposals were collected from 115 science and engineering masterâ€™s and doctoral students and reviewed by SafeAssignâ„¢ with approximately one-third of them containing sentences that were plagiarised as previously reported in Gilmore, Strickland, Timmerman, Maher and Feldon (2010). (We use the term plagiarism, but do not imply any intentional deceit by the students.) Here we report on the patterns of plagiarised material in the hope that it will contribute to the growing awareness of the problem of plagiarism in graduate schools as well as provide insight into the causes of plagiarism. Instances of plagiarism were coded as to 1) the type of source material (primary, secondary, technical, or popular literature), 2) the nature of the inappropriate use (directly copied, a few words changed, minor grammar alterations, or attempted but insufficient paraphrasing), 3) where in the proposal (introduction, methods, results, or discussion) the plagiarism appeared, and 4) whether or not the plagiarised information was cited and if it was, whether or not the citation was accurate. Plagiarised text was found in 28% of the proposals. Clustering of certain patterns of behaviour, such as directly copying material from popular literature while paraphrasing information from primary scientific literature, were examined in an attempt to gain insight into the cause of the plagiarism. It is our interpretation that the source of the plagiarism was a lack of familiarity with scientific writing as a genre and lack of awareness of its norms and conventions.
Institutional models for adjudicating plagiarism in the United States
Authors: Garner Andrew D , Hubbell Larry
Published: July 2020

There is considerable variation in how colleges and universities across the United States adjudicate plagiarism. This article formulates three separate models that reflect differing administrative approaches in these institutions and discusses how each model alters the incentive structures for both students and faculty when it comes to preventing and mediating instances of academic dishonesty. Among highly selective private liberal arts colleges, the authors find that many schools employ a 'student-centered' model that allows students control over much of the decisionmaking process. In contrast, many larger universities and public institutions engage in a more litigation-averse'due process' model where faculty and administration are the primary decision-makers. Finally, the authors consider the presence of a potential de facto 'classroom manager' model where adjudication of academic dishonesty is handled primarily by the professor outside of any independent institutional process. These models reflect general typologies reflecting different institutional and organisational cultures that can lead to different incentive structures for faculty and students when confronted with instances of academic dishonesty.
What You Need to Know Before Implementing a Clinical Research Data Warehouse: Comparative Review of Integrated Data Repositories in Health Care Institutions
Authors: Gagalova Kristina K , Leon Elizalde M Angelica , Portales-Casamar Elodie , Görges Matthias
Published: July 2020

Background

Integrated data repositories (IDRs), also referred to as clinical data warehouses, are platforms used for the integration of several data sources through specialized analytical tools that facilitate data processing and analysis. IDRs offer several opportunities for clinical data reuse, and the number of institutions implementing an IDR has grown steadily in the past decade.

Objective

The architectural choices of major IDRs are highly diverse and determining their differences can be overwhelming. This review aims to explore the underlying models and common features of IDRs, provide a high-level overview for those entering the field, and propose a set of guiding principles for small- to medium-sized health institutions embarking on IDR implementation.

Methods

We reviewed manuscripts published in peer-reviewed scientific literature between 2008 and 2020, and selected those that specifically describe IDR architectures. Of 255 shortlisted articles, we found 34 articles describing 29 different architectures. The different IDRs were analyzed for common features and classified according to their data processing and integration solution choices.

Results

Despite common trends in the selection of standard terminologies and data models, the IDRs examined showed heterogeneity in the underlying architecture design. We identified 4 common architecture models that use different approaches for data processing and integration. These different approaches were driven by a variety of features such as data sources, whether the IDR was for a single institution or a collaborative project, the intended primary data user, and purpose (research-only or including clinical or operational decision making).

Conclusions

IDR implementations are diverse and complex undertakings, which benefit from being preceded by an evaluation of requirements and definition of scope in the early planning stage. Factors such as data source diversity and intended users of the IDR influence data flow and synchronization, both of which are crucial factors in IDR architecture planning.
Visualization Environment for Federated Knowledge Graphs: Development of an Interactive Biomedical Query Language and Web Application Interface
Authors: Cox Steven , Ahalt Stanley C , Balhoff James , Bizon Chris , Fecho Karamarie , Kebede Yaphet , Morton Kenneth , Tropsha Alexander , Wang Patrick , Xu Hao
Published: July 2020

Background

Efforts are underway to semantically integrate large biomedical knowledge graphs using common upper-level ontologies to federate graph-oriented application programming interfaces (APIs) to the data. However, federation poses several challenges, including query routing to appropriate knowledge sources, generation and evaluation of answer subsets, semantic merger of those answer subsets, and visualization and exploration of results.

Objective

We aimed to develop an interactive environment for query, visualization, and deep exploration of federated knowledge graphs.

Methods

We developed a biomedical query language and web application interphase—termed as Translator Query Language (TranQL)—to query semantically federated knowledge graphs and explore query results. TranQL uses the Biolink data model as an upper-level biomedical ontology and an API standard that has been adopted by the Biomedical Data Translator Consortium to specify a protocol for expressing a query as a graph of Biolink data elements compiled from statements in the TranQL query language. Queries are mapped to federated knowledge sources, and answers are merged into a knowledge graph, with mappings between the knowledge graph and specific elements of the query. The TranQL interactive web application includes a user interface to support user exploration of the federated knowledge graph.

Results

We developed 2 real-world use cases to validate TranQL and address biomedical questions of relevance to translational science. The use cases posed questions that traversed 2 federated Translator API endpoints: Integrated Clinical and Environmental Exposures Service (ICEES) and Reasoning Over Biomedical Objects linked in Knowledge Oriented Pathways (ROBOKOP). ICEES provides open access to observational clinical and environmental data, and ROBOKOP provides access to linked biomedical entities, such as “gene,” “chemical substance,” and “disease,” that are derived largely from curated public data sources. We successfully posed queries to TranQL that traversed these endpoints and retrieved answers that we visualized and evaluated.

Conclusions

TranQL can be used to ask questions of relevance to translational science, rapidly obtain answers that require assertions from a federation of knowledge sources, and provide valuable insights for translational research and clinical practice.
What College Students Post About Depression on Facebook and the Support They Perceive: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Cash Scottye , Schwab-Reese Laura Marie , Zipfel Erin , Wilt Megan , Moreno Megan
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

College students frequently use social media sites to connect with friends. Increasingly, research suggests college students and other young adults seek mental health-related support on social media, which may present a unique venue for intervention.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine college students’ perceptions about displaying feelings of depression on Facebook and, in turn, how their social media friends responded.

METHODS

A primarily quantitative online survey with open response questions was distributed to students at four US universities. Qualitative responses were analyzed using content analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 34 students provided qualitative responses for analysis, these students were 85.3% female, mean age 20.2 (SD=1.4) and 20.6% racial/ethnic minority. Students who reported posting about depression often expressed an emotion or feeling but did not use the word “depression” in the post. Approximately 20% posted language about a bad day, and 15% posted a song or music video. Only one person reported posting a statement that directly asked for help. When friends responded to the posts, students generally perceived the responses as supportive or motivating gestures. Nearly 15% of friends contacted the individual outside of Facebook. One individual received a negative response and no responses suggested that the individual seek help.

CONCLUSIONS

This study found that college students who post about depression often do so without directly referencing depression and that friends were generally supportive. However, no participants reported their social network suggested they seek help, which may suggest increasing mental health literacy, for both support seekers and responders, would be an opportunity to improve online mental health-related support.
The Promise of Patient Portals for Individuals Living With Chronic Illness: Qualitative Study Identifying Pathways of Patient Engagement (Preprint)
Authors: Stewart Maureen T , Hogan Timothy P , Nicklas Jeff , Robinson Stephanie A , Purington Carolyn M , Miller Christopher J , Vimalananda Varsha G , Connolly Samantha L , Wolfe Hill L , Nazi Kim M , Netherton Dane , Shimada Stephanie L
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

Patients play a critical role in managing their health, especially in the context of chronic conditions like diabetes. Electronic patient portals have been identified as a potential means to improve patient engagement; that is, patients’ involvement in their care. However, little is known about the pathways through which portals may help patients engage in their care.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to understand how an electronic patient portal facilitates patient engagement among individuals with diabetes.

METHODS

This qualitative study employed semistructured telephone interviews of 40 patients living with diabetes since at least 2011, who had experienced uncontrolled diabetes, and had used secure messaging through a portal at least 4 times over 18 months. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using primarily an inductive approach to identify how patients living with diabetes use an online health portal to support diabetes self-management.

RESULTS

Overall, patients who used the portal reported feeling engaged in their health care. We identified four pathways by which the portal facilitates patient engagement and some challenges. The portal provides a platform that patients use to (1) better understand their health by asking questions about new symptoms, notes, or labs, (2) prepare for medical appointments by reviewing labs and notes, (3) coordinate care between VA (Veterans Affairs) and non-VA health care teams, and (4) reach out to providers to request help between visits. Several patients reported that the portal helped improve the patient-provider relationship; however, aspects of the portal design may hinder engagement for others. Patients reported challenges with both secure messaging and access to medical records that had negative impacts on their engagement. Benefits for patient engagement were described by many types of portal users with varying degrees of diabetes control.

CONCLUSIONS

Patient portals support engagement by facilitating patient access to their health information and by facilitating patient-provider communication. Portals can help a wide range of users engage with their care.

CLINICALTRIAL
APLIKASI OLEORESIN RIMPANG JAHE EMPRIT PADA EDIBLE COATING SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI PADA BAKSO DAGING SAPI
Authors: Saskia Agnes Monica Desiana Nuriza Putri Citra Anggita, Siska Cahyanti
Published: July 2020

Bakso daging sapi merupakan lumatan daging sapi yang mudah mengalami kerusakan. Berdasarkan data yang dihimpun oleh BPOM pada tahun 2005 bahwa bahan tambahan pangan yang paling sering di gunakan untuk bakso adalah boraks dan formalin. Mengingat bahaya boraks dan formalin apabila dikonsumsi, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai metode pengawetan bakso secara aman yaitu pelapisan edible coating dengan penambahan oleoresin dari rimpang jahe sebagai senyawa antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pemberian edible coating dapat meningkatkan umur simpan bakso daging sapi pada penyimpanan suhu ruang. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimen di laboratorium dengan rancangan acak lengkap sederhana dengan faktor penelitian yaitu konsentrasi oleoresin dari rimpang jahe emprit yang terdiri dari lima level yaitu 0%, 0,5 %, 1 %, 1,5 %, dan 2 % dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Umur simpan bakso daging sapi dilihat melalui TPC, pH, kadar air, kadar protein, susut bobot dan uji tekstur. Data penelitian dianalisis ANOVA dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan (DMRT). Bakso berpelapis edible coating berbasis pati jahe dengan dengan penambahan 2% oleoresin dan penyimpanan suhu ruang menghasilkan umur simpan 48 jam, sementara bakso tanpa pelapis (kontrol) hanya bertahan 24 jam. Perlakuan oleoresin sebanyak 2% berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap karakteristik bakso dengan nilai TPC yaitu 7,3 x107 cfu/g, nilai kadar air 69,62 %, susut bobot 0,172 %, kadar protein 5,08 %, pH sebesar 6,050 dan tekstur 0,030 N/m2.
JMASM 52: Extremely Efficient Permutation and Bootstrap Hypothesis Tests Using R
Authors: Chatzipantsiou Christina , Dimitriadis Marios , Papadakis Manos , Tsagris Michail
Published: July 2020

Re-sampling based statistical tests are known to be computationally heavy, but reliable when small sample sizes are available. Despite their nice theoretical properties not much effort has been put to make them efficient. Computationally efficient method for calculating permutation-based p-values for the Pearson correlation coefficient and two independent samples t-test are proposed. The method is general and can be applied to other similar two sample mean or two mean vectors cases.
Forward and Backward Continuation Ratio Models for Ordinal Response Variables
Authors: Liu Xing , Bai Haiyan
Published: July 2020

There are different types of continuation ratio (CR) models for ordinal response variables. The different model equations, corresponding parameterizations, and nonequivalent results are confusing. The purpose of this study is to introduce different types of forward and backward CR models, demonstrate how to implement these models using Stata, and compare the results using data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS:2002).
JMASM 53: MicceriRD
Authors: Lance Michael
Published: July 2020

Fortran 77 and 90 modules (REALPOPS.lib) exist for invoking the 8 distributions estimated by Micceri (1989). These respective modules were created by Sawilowsky et al. (1990) and Sawilowsky and Fahoome (2003). The MicceriRD (Micceri’s Real Distributions) Python package was created because Python is increasingly used for data analysis and, in some cases, Monte Carlo simulations.
Designing, Cytotoxic Evaluation, Molecular Docking and in Silico Pharmacokinetic Prediction of New Hydrocortisone Derivatives as Anti-Asthmatics Drugs
Authors: Bououden Walid , Benguerba Yacine
Published: July 2020

A series of new 20 corticosteroids were subjected to molecular property prediction. The Molecular, Physicochemical, and Biological properties were determined using Molinspiration Cheminformatics software. These compounds were further subjected to Toxicity Predictions using the Osiris Software. The calculated drug-related properties of the designed molecules were similar to those found in most marketed drugs. Amongst the proposed molecules, fourteen promising candidates can be considered as promising structures for the synthesis of new and more effective anti-asthmatic drugs. Result indicates that the derivatives are orally active molecules.  In-silico ADME and toxicity prediction was accomplished with the help of Swiss-ADMET tool provides the latest and most inclusive for diverse chemicals associated with known Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity profiles. furthermore, BBB (Blood brain barrier) penetration, HIA (Human intestinal absorption), Caco-2 cell permeability and Ames test were calculated using ADMET web-based query tools incorporating a molecular build in interface enable the database to be queried by Smiles and structural similarity search. According to molecular docking results, derivatives No 4, 10 and 11 showed better docking Scores values compared to other derivatives and also dexamethasone and hydrocortisone.

Keywords: Corticosteroids, Drug-likeness, Lipophilicity, Anti-asthmatic, ADME.
Method Development and Validation of Gemifloxacin in Tablet Dosage Form by RP-HPLC
Authors: Rudrapal Mithun , Hussain Nazim
Published: July 2020

A simple, precise and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of gemifloxacin in the tablet dosage form. The separation was achieved on a reversed-phase C-18 column (250 x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/acetate buffer of pH 4.5 (70:30 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a detection wavelength of 244 nm. The separation was carried out on an isocratic mode at room temperature. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines for linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD, LOQ and specificity. The developed method showed good linearity over the concentration range of 50-150 µg/ml (r2=0.995). The average percentage recovery was 99.77%. The LOD and LOQ were 12.678 µg/ml and 14.261 µg/ml, respectively. Based upon validation studies, the developed method can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of gemifloxacin in bulk drugs as well as pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Keywords: Gemifloxacin, Tablet dosage form, RP-HPLC, Validation, ICH guidelines
Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking and QSAR Studies in Drug Discovery and Development Programme
Authors: Rudrapal Mithun , Chetia Dipak
Published: July 2020

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) and ligand-based drug design (LBDD) are the two basic approaches of computer-aided drug design (CADD) used in modern drug discovery and development programme. Virtual screening (or in silico screening) has been used in drug discovery program as a complementary tool to high throughput screening (HTS) to identify bioactive compounds. It is a preliminary tool of CADD that has gained considerable interest in the pharmaceutical research as a productive and cost-effective technology in search for novel molecules of medicinal interest. Docking is also used for virtual screening of new ligands on the basis of biological structures for identification of hits and generation of leads or optimization (potency/ property) of leads in drug discovery program. Hence, docking is approach of SBDD which plays an important role in rational designing of new drug molecules. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) is an important chemometric tool in computational drug design. It is a common practice of LBDD. The study of QSAR gives information related to structural features and/or physicochemical properties of structurally similar molecules to their biological activity. In this paper, a comprehensive review on several computational tools of SBDD and LBDD such as virtual screening, molecular docking and QSAR methods of and their applications in the drug discovery and development programme have been summarized.

Keywords: Virtual screening, Molecular docking, QSAR, Drug discovery, Lead molecule
Evaluation of Anthelmentic and Antimicrobial Activity of the Extract of the Root of the Plant Jasminum multiflorum(Andr.)
Authors: Pahari Sandip Kumar , Gupta B.K. , Debnath R. , Das A.
Published: July 2020

As per qualitative evaluation in different solvents of the root of the plant satisfies the presence of cardiac glycosides along with trace quantities of steroid and saponins. Among them the petroleum ether extract of the root of the plant Jasminum multiflorum was evaluated for anthelmintic activity and the ethanolic extract was evaluated for antimicrobial activity.1,2 Traditionally this species are used in indolent ulcer, pitta and inflammation. Only few CNS activity are reported on ethanolic extract of aerial part of the plant, though the root of the plant is more potent as per folkore claim. The petroleum ether extract was investigated for anthelmentic activity using earthworm (Pheretima posthuma) at different concentration (5mg/ml – 50 mg/ml). As standard albendazole suspension (10mg/ml) and 3% solution of normal saline was used as control. The death and paralysis time were recorded and compared. Extract exhibit significant anthelmentic activity at (100mg/ml) concentration and found effective.1,3,4The ethanolic fraction of the root of the plant was collected and evaporated to dryness under vacuum to avoid the presence of even less quantity of ethanol in the extract. Two Gram (+ve) bacteria namely Bacillius subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and two Gram (-ve) ve bacteria namely Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were selected for the estimation of antimicrobial activity depending on zone of inhibition. It was seen that 100mg/ml concentration of the extract showed maximum activity against Klebsiella pneumonia with a zone of inhibition 0.5mm and for others it ranged from 0.3 to 0.4 mm. 1,4,5

Keywords: Jasminum multiforum; anthelmintic; antimicrobial; zone of inhibition
Effect of Aluminium and Aqueous extract of Rosmarinus officinalis on rat Brain: Impact on Neurobehavioral and Histological study
Authors: Lahouel Zakia , Kharoubi Omar , Boussadia Amina , Bekkouche Zohra , Aoues Abdelkader
Published: July 2020

'Rosmarinus officilnalis' is a plant used in Mediterranean diet and traditional medicine, possessing various antioxidant and cytoprotective bioactivities. In this study, we investigated the potential neuroprotective efficacy of aqueous Rosemary extract (AER) against neurotoxicity induced by Aluminum (Al), in terms of behavioral, biochemical and histological aspects in young rats. an intraperitoneal injection of Al, at the weekly dose of 60mg/Kg was given to the animals. A treatment of 150mg/Kg/day of AER was administered by gavage over periods of 6 or 12weeks. Al caused intense changes over time in body and brain weight, increase in neurological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and deficiency in memory skills. Results show also disturbances in locomotors activity, with a significant inhibition of AchE and increase LDH activity compared to control. Additionally, Al induced structural damages in the cerebral cortex, and the CA1 region of hippocampus. However, treatment with AER resulted in improved depression and anxiety state, locomotors activity and restored memory skills. Results show that AER increase the AchE activity and decreased neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex and the CA1 region of hippocampus with the 6weeks treatment but induced disruption and structural modification of brain tissue after the 12 weeks treatment. The Aqueous extract of Rosemary possess a neuroprotector and corrective effect against neurological alterations induced by Aluminum, but when administered over a long period of time, the extract can cause a no beneficial effect and morphologic modifications in cerebral tissue and behavior test.

Keywords: Rosmarinus officinalis, Aluminum, neuro-behavior, brain structure.
Potensi dan Peta Konflik pada Pilkada Aceh Tahun 2017
Authors: Mumtazinur - -
Published: July 2020

This article is an effort to explain the potention of conflict and the correlation to the map of conflict. It begins by a brief several cases of violence or riots that occurred before the election. this paper also describes the forms of violence that occurred during regional elections in Aceh. besides, this paper also tries to provide a solution to the conditions that occur or as a preventative measure for similar cases in the futureKeywords : Election, Conflict, Violance, riots
UMA NARRATIVA ENTRE ORILLAS A OBRA DE ANDRÉS NEUMAN E A CONCEPÇÃO DE IDENTIDADE E LITERATURA NACIONAL EM CAMPO AMPLIADO
Authors: Guimarães Rafael
Published: July 2020

Este ensaio se propõe a lançar luzes sobre duas obras do escritor Andrés Neuman, Una vez Argentina, de 2003, e El viajero del siglo, de 2009, tendo como base teórica duas questões bastante relevantes para o pensamento comparatista contemporâneo, quais sejam, a ideia de literatura como campo ampliado e os debates sobre o conceito de Weltliteratur. Nesse sentido, busco aqui observar de que forma, nas referidas narrativas do autor hispano-argentino, as concepções de identidade e literatura nacionais rompem com oposições binárias construídas entre o que é próprio e o que é alheio, a partir de uma perspectiva em campo ampliado.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: literatura comparada; Weltliteratur; literatura em campo ampliado; Andrés Neuman.
Penentuan Lama Kalsinasi Kalsium Karbonat CaCo₃ dari Batu Kapur Tanjung Karang Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Tasari Sutriani , Iqbal  , Badaruddin
Published: July 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penentuan lama kalsinasi kalsium karbonat CaCO₃  dari batu kapur Tanjung Karang Kabupaten Donggala. Kandungan sampel hasil karakterisasi menggunakan alat XRF dan XRD. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan alat XRF, kandungan unsur CaO (kalsium oksida) setelah kalsinasi selama 4 jam terlihat bahwa batu kapur memiliki presentase CaO terbesar pada penelitian ini yaitu 98,83% yang berarti terjadi keseimbangan ideal antara lama kalsinasi 4 jam dan suhu kalsinasi 950ºC. Sedangakan lama kalsinasi 5 jam  persentase kandungan CaO menurun yaitu 98.11% dan untuk 6 jam persentase sebesar 97.87%. Hal ini karena kandungan senyawa CaO mulai mengalami perubahan menjadi senyawa lain sehingga persentase kandungan CaO berkurang. Pencocokan hasil analisis XRD dengan software Search Match memperlihatkan bahwa sampel CaO memiliki sistem kristal trigonal (heksagonal axes) dengan nilai konsatanta kisi pada 4 jam a=b=4.8120 Å dan c=5.3270 Å,untuk 5 jam sebesar a=b=4.94100 Å dan c=16.8540Å, dan untuk 6 jam sebesar a=b=4.9870 Å dan c=17.0580 Å. Sedangkan untuk perhitungan teori mendapatkan hasil konstanta kisi untuk sampel yang dikalsinasi pada 4 jam sebesar a=b=1.6649 Å dan c=5.9679 Å, untuk 5 jam a=b=2.0613 Å dan c=1.7971 Å dan untuk 6 jam a=b=0.6102 Å dan c=2.1138 Å.

 

Kata kunci: Batu kapur, kalsinasi, kalsium oksida, XRF,XRD.