bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The stability stroke of cotton seeder moulder
Authors: Mamatov F , Mirzaev B , Berdimuratov P , Turkmenov Kh , Muratov L , Eshchanova G
Published: July 2020

The stability of moulder stroke affects the uniformity compaction of soil ridge. It depends on the mounting system of molder to the frame and the direction of act-ing forces on them. The aim of the study is to analyze the stability stroke of cot-ton seeder molder. The longitudinal stability of molder in a fixed system of coordinate dependency on acting forces on it, as well as its constructive parameters, have been considered. There has been obtained the equation for the determination of angular deviations of leads of parallelogram fastening system from the initial position under the influence of applied to the moulder forces, constructive parameters of sections, and unevenness of soil surface. It has been established that the fluctuation of links of the parallelogram mechanism is mainly influenced by the weight of mass of moulder system, soil resistance forces, the initial angle of links inclination and force pressure of the spring group. The stability of moulders work is ensured mainly by changing due to the changing force pressure of the spring group.
Justification of parameters of electric activator applicable to reduce mineralization of collector-drainage water
Authors: Ibragimov M , Turdiboyev A
Published: July 2020

The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of using collector-drainage water and the advisability of using electroactivators for this purpose. It is of scientific and practical interest to use diaphragm electroactivators for demineralization of collector-drainage water, using the principle of electrochemical activation due to unipolar treatment of agricultural effluents. Unipolar treatment reduces the degree of mineralization, changes the chemical composition, increases the electrodynamic properties, and makes it possible to treat water to the required degree. Prior to the experiments, the main factors and optimization parameters were identified, and a planning matrix of the experiment was drawn up. The experimental results allow us to identify the degree of correlation of the optimization parameter with the main factors. Using the Box-Benken method, the optimal parameters of the electroactivator are found.
Reducing the energy capacity of the cutting of stem fodder
Authors: Alijanov D , Abdurokhmonov Sh , Jumatov Y , Bozorboev A
Published: July 2020

In the paper provided efficiency analysis different types of feed processing with purpose decreasing energy use in cutting stalk crops and creating appropriate cutting units, also study results in assescment energy use in cutting with a rectangular knife and received formulation cutting strength change, the results of a change of knife for case in cutting of prebend stalk of various sizes. Results of theoretical research of catting work, the tensile stress of the upper fiber, stresses on the blade of the knife which is necessary for the destruction of the fiber. The use of pre-bending during the cutting of cutter material reduces the cutting work in comparison with the cutting work is 201.12 N cm this is compared to the chopping 290 N cm reduces cutting performance by 35.05 percent.
Optimization of vibrator parameters cotton bushes
Authors: Mirnigmatov B , Avazov I
Published: July 2020

The article presents issues related to the cultivation and harvesting of cotton in Uzbekistan, as well as the need to ensure a high-quality machine harvest. The purpose of growing plants to increase productivity from cotton bushes. Experimental studies of the simulation of the vibrator drive are carried out in laboratory conditions on a specially designed stand, consisting of two samples and made in full size. We conducted multivariate studies, i.e. mathematical planning of the experimental and obtained results adequately describes the technological process of the vibrator and allows to determine its parameters. The solution of mathematical models, with known input numerical values, made it possible to determine the rational parameters of the vibrator: the minimum unevenness of rotation of the carrier is Ω=6.4829%; the maximum moment on the motor shaft is M

max
= 2.95825 N m and the degree of dynamism is H=684.8659 rad/s2.
Cutting length the fodders of green stalks by drum chopper
Authors: Borotov A
Published: July 2020

In Uzbekistan, special attention is paid to the development of livestock, poultry, and fish farming. In the ration of animals, green fodder obtained by cutting green stalks corn, alfalfa and other feed crops have a special place. For high-quality chopping of stalks with the required cutting length for each type of animal, a chopper has been developed with a simple design for chopping green feed. Testing of the chopper work, carried out at an engine speed of 2800 rpm, a cutting drum rotation speed of 950 rpm and in two rotations of the feed rollers 10 rpm and 20 rpm with an average length of alfalfa stalks 71.6 cm and an average length of corn stalks 216.4 cm, showed that at a feed roller rotation speed of 10 rpm the average cutting length of the stalks was 10.6 mm, and at a feed roller rotation speed of 20 rpm - 17.6 mm. It can be seen from the data that with a twice increase in the feed roll speed, the cutting length increases 1.66 times, which confirms the theoretical assumptions obtained.
Approaches to assessing the resource potential of Central Asia in a climatic resource-constrained environment
Authors: Elistratov V , Bogun I , Kasina V
Published: July 2020

The object of research in the article is the methodology of evaluation and calculation of the wind energy resource for the design of wind power plants in Central Asia. This methodology is based on the approach for determining the wind resource in conditions of insufficient climate data developed by REC “RES” of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. The energy industry of Central Asia, like the world energy industry, seeks to increase the use of facilities based on renewable energy sources, which is caused by several factors: environmental, economic, social, and so on. The global energy industry is implementing a “green” energy transition, largely due to government policy, thereby several strategies and decisions have been adopted in Central Asia. At the moment, the installed capacity of renewable energy sources in Central Asia is 13747 GW. The methodology for evaluation of wind energy resources has been developed, and a resource potential has been calculated in the city of Aktau in Kazakhstan. The methodology includes a 3-level evaluation system and calculation in the WindPRO software. This methodology guarantees the accuracy of calculating the wind resource up to 90-95%.
Technological basis for sowing winter wheat in the rows of growing cotton
Authors: Igamberdiyev A , Alikulov S , Berdimurodov U , Usarov O , Razikov N
Published: July 2020

A scheme of the technological process of work and the design of the opener of the sowing machine for sowing winter wheat in the rows of cotton are proposed. Increases the efficiency of cultivation technology compared to the traditional maximum use of the furrow profile. Comparative analyzes of the methods of cultivating winter grain cultivations are made. Narrow-row sowing of winter wheat in the rows between growing cotton with a sowing rate of 180-200 kg/ha is recommended.
Determination of resistance to gravity of working body with the pit softener installed in the two-layer plow during the main tillage
Authors: Murodov N , Khasanov U
Published: July 2020

This article is about the benefits of using an energy-efficient vertical soil that is designed to treat plow and plow soil without plowing, and advantages of inferior soil with fertile soil during plowing. In summary, the purpose of the proposed technical solution is to improve the reclamation condition of the soil by loosening the birch layer (plowing with the simultaneous loosening of the subsoil) and to reduce the tensile resistance of the plow during plowing. Simultaneously with plowing through the recommended deep softener, energy savings are achieved by loosening the subsoil layer and improving the movement stability of the plug.
Justifications of the longitudinal distance between the bodies of a two – tier plow
Authors: Tukhtakuziev A , Kurbonov K , Khamidov F
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of theoretical research on the justification of the longitudinal distance between the bodies of the plough analysis of previous theoretical studies applied graph-analytic research methods and determined the smallest longitudinal distance that provides an unobstructed passage and rotation of the formation between the bodies of the soil.
Advanced device for cleaning drain wells
Authors: Lee A , Usmonov T , Norov B , Melikuziev S
Published: July 2020

The article presents cleaning technologies and considers an improved device for cleaning drainage wells, which allows to increase the productivity and quality of cleaning drainage wells, reduce labor costs, and water consumption. The device is simple, reliable, and highly maintainable, allowing you to operate it in the mode of economy and consumption of a large volume of water. The proposed device received a copyright certificate for the invention. A cable system is provided in this device, and a ruff head is stretched inside the drainage pipe, which has the ability to deviate and rotate along the longitudinal axis of the drainage pipe, the ruff is pulled by winches through adjustable and fixed blocks, and the mounting frames are installed in inspection wells and fixed with bolts and successively reinstalled from one well to another. Theoretical prerequisites have been developed for determining the maximum force in the closing, hoisting rope, the required power for closing the jaws and lifting the bucket, the diameters of the corresponding drums and ropes.
Low - speed generator with permanent magnets and additional windings in the rotor for small power wind plants and micro hydro power plants
Authors: Baratov R , Pirmatov N
Published: July 2020

Recently due to the worldwide population grows much attention has been paid to increasing total electricity generation. However, traditional power plants, which are used hydrocarbon fuels, cause one of the challenging problems like environmental contamination and global warming in the world. In this case, renewable or alternative energy sources can be a promising replacement for traditional hydrocarbon fuels. Uzbekistan has lots of small rivers and water reservoirs and the use of these potentials in the perspective to generate power it is a unique decision of the problem. Usually in small power plants use low-speed generators and efficiency of these type generators are very low. Hence, the main objective of this study is to increase the efficiency of the low power generator by improving and optimizing the specifications and parameters of the low power generators. The use of low-speed generators with permanent magnet excitation for micro-hydroelectric power plants and wind turbines is relevant in terms of providing good weight and size indicators, simplicity of construction, lack of sliding contacts, with the ability to perform a generator of low rotation speeds, which causes low cost and high reliability. In this study, the natures of the influence of the main geometric dimensions of the mass-dimensional parameters and the air gap on the energy indicators of the generator are estimated. Theoretical and experimental research results are submitted.
Torsional vibrations of a cylindrical shell in a linear viscoelastic medium
Authors: Safarov I , Teshaev M , Toshmatov E , Boltaev Z , Homidov F
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we consider the natural vibrations of inhomogeneous mechanical systems, i.e., cylindrical bodies located in a deformable viscoelastic medium. The theory and methods for studying the natural vibrations of a cylindrical shell in a viscoelastic medium are constructed. The viscoelastic properties of the medium are taken into account using the hereditary Boltzmann-Walter theory. For the statement of the problem, the general equation of the theory of viscoelasticity in the potentials of displacements in a cylindrical coordinate system is used. An algorithm has been developed to solve the tasks posed on a computer using the Bessel, Hankel, and Mueller and Gauss methods.

The considered problems were reduced to finding complex natural frequencies for the system of equations of motion of a cylindrical shell in an infinite viscoelastic medium using radiation conditions. It is shown that the problem has a discrete complex spectrum. The eigen frequencies of oscillations of a low-contrast heterogeneity are found. Revealed that the imaginary part of the eigen frequencies is comparable with the real one, which can lead to aperiodic movements of the systems considered.
Computer modeling of strain process of flexible rods with nonlinear and viscoelastic characteristics
Authors: Salimov Sh , Yusupov G , Abdieva G
Published: July 2020

A computer model is a software implementation of a mathematical model, supplemented by various utility programs. A computer model exhibits the properties of a physical model when its abstracts components — the programs — are interpreted by a computer. In addition, a computer model, as a physical device, can be the part of test benches, virtual laboratories. Computer simulation allows without significant difficulties to modify mathematical models, which are the basis for obtaining results with a high degree of accuracy. In the article was considered the application of the developed methods for predicting nonlinear viscoelasticity of flexible rods under various loading conditions based on creep curves is possible only in the case of finite strains Rod oscillations with viscoelastic and nonlinear characteristics are considered in this paper. From the point of view of practice, it is interesting to study the oscillations of flexible rods (yarn) when the rod receives excitation depending on the acting dynamic loads in the form of a real oscillogram.
Simulation modelling of cold rolled metal strip by asymmetric technology
Authors: Mavlonov T , Akhmedov A , Saidakhmedov R , Bakhadirov K
Published: July 2020

In the article provided the results of studies the optimization of energy-saving technologies in mechanical engineering using modern methods of simulation modeling is becoming an urgent area for the informatization of engineering production on the process of cold asymmetric rolling of metal sheets is accompanied by an inhomogeneous stress-strain state.

The research considers the noncanonical areas of strain, an approach is proposed for determining the optimal technological parameters and studying the stress state of the cold rolling process using asymmetric rolling technology in the active zone of elastoplastic strains based on simulation using the application software LS-DYNA by LS-PrePost (R) version V4.6.1. To optimize energy-saving for rolling technologies, considered a stationary regime of symmetrical rolling, the kinetic energy does not change over time, and the potential energy in the active zone of elastic-plastic strains tends to increase. For the case of asymmetric rolling, a high level of kinetic energy is observed, and there is a fluctuation over time, explained by different coverage of asymmetric rollers in the zone of active elastic-plastic strains, as a result of which the stationary nature of the metal sheet rolling mode is violated.
Building oscillations based on a plate model
Authors: Usarov M , Ayubov G , Mamatisaev G , Normuminov B
Published: July 2020

The paper is devoted to the numerical solution of the problem of transverse oscillations of a multi-storey building within the framework of a continuous plate model under seismic effects. Cantilevers anisotropic plate is proposed as a building dynamic model, the theory of which is developed in the framework of a three-dimensional dynamic theory of elasticity and takes into account not only structural forces and moments but also the bimoments. The proposed plate model of a building allows us to take into account and study all types of different spatial oscillations of the building structure under the impacts different in direction. Formulas are given for the reduced density, elastic moduli, and shear of the plate model of the building. The base acceleration, given in time by a harmonic law, is taken as a seismic impact. The problem is solved by the finite difference method. Examples are considered and numerical results are obtained. Waveform, displacements, and accelerations distribution diagram of multi-storey high-rise buildings under transverse oscillations are plotted.
Dynamics of viscoelastic orthotropic shallow shells of variable thickness
Authors: Normuminov B , Abdikarimov R , Eshmatov B , Yulchiyev D
Published: July 2020

Thin-walled structural elements such as plates, panels, and shells of variable thickness are widely used at present in engineering, machine-building, and construction. Modern technologies allow creating any structural elements of a given shape, material, and the law of thickness variation. Therefore, the solution to the problems of the statics and dynamics of plates, panels, and shells of variable thickness, considering the real properties of the material, is relevant. Nonlinear parametric oscillations of viscoelastic orthotropic shallow shells of variable thickness are considered in the paper. Using the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis, a mathematical model of the problem is constructed in a geometrically nonlinear statement. To describe the viscoelastic properties of a shallow shell, the hereditary Boltzmann-Volterra theory with the Koltunov-Rzhanitsyn relaxation kernel is used. To obtain resolving equations of the problem, the Bubnov-Galerkin method was used in combination with the numerical method. The effects of various physico-mechanical and geometrical parameters of a shallow shell of variable thickness were investigated.
Prediction of Ventricular Fibrillation Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Heng Wei Wei , Ming Eileen Su Lee , Jamaluddin Ahmad Nizar B , Harun Fauzan Khairi Che , Abdul-Kadir Nurul Ashikin , Yeong Che Fai
Published: July 2020

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains one of the top causes of high mortality rate. Early prediction of ventricular fibrillation (VF), and hence SCD, can improve the survival chance of a patient by enabling earlier treatment. Heart rate variability analysis (HRV) has been widely adopted by the researchers in VF prediction. Different combinations of features from multiple domains were explored but the spectral analysis was performed without the required preprocessing or on a shorter segment as opposed to the standards of The European and North American Task force on HRV. Thus, our study aimed to develop a robust prediction algorithm by including only time domain and nonlinear features while maintaining the prediction resolution of one minute. Nine time domain features and seven nonlinear features were extracted and classified using support vector machine (SVM) of different kernels. High accuracy of 94.7% and sensitivity of 100% were achieved using extraction of only two HRV features and Gaussian kernel SVM without complicated preprocessing of HRV signals. This algorithm with high accuracy and low computational burden is beneficial for embedded system and real-time application which could help alert the individuals sooner and hence improving patient survival chance.
Malaysian Bumiputera Contractors’ Supply Chain: A Preliminary Appraisal
Authors: Azwi M K , Mustapa M , Mustapa F D
Published: July 2020

The construction industry is an industrial sector that is complex and dynamic. As a developing country, Malaysia recognizes building as one of the main contributors to the economy of the country. Hence, being one of the economic drivers, the construction industry needs to ensure it remains important and competent by venturing successful strategies applied by other sectors. The implementation of supply chain management, especially in the manufacturing sector, has been positive and has produced the expected benefits such as cost reduction, competitive advantages, improved productivity, value creation and better relations between parties. This study aims to review reported outcome on Bumiputera contractors’ supply chain network. Additionally, this study also intent to analyse the main categories of risk that affect the Bumiputera contractors’ project performance which related to their approach on supply chain management. Current research papers on relevance to the issue were critically reviewed. The results from the structured literature review managed to identifies that supply chain is not used extensively among the Bumiputera contractors. Additionally, risks associated with the supply chain network in construction industry can be further categorised into external and internal factors such as cooperative risk, financial risk, technology risk and economic risk. The result have aspired a better understanding between the supply chain management with sustaining project performance among Bumiputera contractors. This study is a part of an on-going contract research with the overall aim to model supply chain network using risk parameters which will be identified at later stage of this research.
Recent Technologies in Construction; A Novel Search for Total Cost Management of Construction Projects.
Authors: Igwe Uchenna Sampson , Mohamed Sarajul Fikri , Azwarie Mohamed Bin Mat Dzahir
Published: July 2020

There is a continuous rise in the implementation of information-driven technology in construction, especially for effective control and management of construction resources. However, the enormous opportunities that these technologies provide have not been adequately utilized for construction cost management. There are so many innovations in the current IR 4.0 era, where digitization and connected systems are the trend of activities in engineering and other allied industries. These innovations are being adopted in the construction industry, to enhance the efficiency of construction processes. The areas of the current trend include Internet of things [IoT], Augmented and Virtual Reality [AR and VR], 5D-BIM, Autonomous Equipment, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, and Predictive Analytics. This paper explores the applications and benefits of these areas of new technological trends in construction project management with emphasis laid in cost management of construction projects. Eighty-one[81] recent publications in journal articles, textbooks, web pages and conference proceedings published between 2008 and 2019 were reviewed in order to articulate and reveal areas of application of the technologies in project cost management and control. The paper exposes areas of application of the current ICT trends which construction managers and project cost managers should harness.
Prospects and Challenges of Green Materials for Construction Low-cost Building in Nigeria.
Authors: Adeniyi Shogo Musbau , Mohamed Sarajul Fikri
Published: July 2020

Housing plays an essential role in the wellbeing of people because it is the only place where people can fall back to relaxed and re-calibrated to put body and soul together. Thus, this paper been part of the more extensive study is on prospects and challenges of green materials an alternative material to provide housing for the low-income earners at affordable price in the developing countries such as Nigeria. The approach used to carry out the research is gathering information through the primary and secondary source. Four hundred structured questioners were designed and administered to the experts in the building industry out which 305 were considered usable after the data screening on the subject matter. The analysis was carried with statistical package for social science (SPSS) 23 software, the results from the response received reveal that relevant green materials have the following advantages affordability, renewability and naturality, free from volatile organic compound, durability among others. On the other, it has hitches of human neglect, lack of information, socio-economic influence, climate and weather influence among others.
Prototype Development of IoT Based Smart Waste Management System for Smart City
Authors: Harith Muhammad Zar Mohd Zaid , Hossain Mohammad Asif , Ahmedy Ismail , Idris Mohd Yamani Idna , Soon Tey Kok , Noor Rafidah Md
Published: July 2020

The inefficient waste collection system has resulted in environmental pollution and large consumption of sources of energy. This is because of inefficient waste collection systems result in smell pollution, unpleasant views, breading of insects, animal scavengers and rodents which also giving rise to a range of diseases when some waste bins are left overloaded and uncollected. As one of the efforts to overcome the inefficiency of the waste collection system problem and to achieve smart cities, an IoT (Internet of Things) based smart bin prototype is proposed in this paper. Altogether, it is an automatic centralized monitoring system that provides the timely status of a bin, enables optimal route planning for collections, reduces collection times, and saves costs as well as fuel consumption.
Features and Behaviours Mapping In Model-based Testing in Software Product Line
Authors: Sulaiman Raduni , Jawawi DNA. , Halim Shahliza Abdul
Published: July 2020

Testing in Software Product Line (SPL) is very hard task due to the high degree of variability that existed in products. Nowadays, many testing approaches have concern on reusability of technique. Feature Model (FM) is used to represent variability and commonality of products in SPL. The components of FM that represented as symbols caused the needs of mapping with other models to represent their semantics. In this paper, there are concise definitions that relates with mapping approaches between FM and behaviour model. Model definitions presented in our algorithms is used for automation mapping process based on traceability link created. The advanced query mechanism proposed to automate the process of mapping between models. Based on the experimental result, it shows that our proposed algorithm can help tester in automate searches for accurate mapping of features and requirements.
Reliability aware Resource Scheduling based on Fuzzy Cuckoo Search (FCS) Technique for IaaS Cloud
Authors: Madni Syed Hamid Hussain , Latiff Muhammad Shafie Abd , Abdullah Abdul Hanan
Published: July 2020

Resource scheduling assigns the precise and accurate tasks to CPU, network, and storage. The aim behind this is the optimum usage of resources. However, well-organized scheduling is needed for both cloud providers and cloud users. Several resource scheduling algorithms have been discussed in the literature, but there are little emphases to reliability aware resource scheduling. In this research article, an innovative technique is proposed that is known as the Fuzzy Cuckoo Search (FCS) technique based on the fuzzy theory and cuckoo search algorithm to solve real-time optimization problematic issues. The FCS technique is used to address the reliability aware resource scheduling problems in IaaS Cloud. An experiment has been carried out on the CloudSim simulator and results of FCS techniques are compared with the Genetic Algorithm (GA), Honey Bee (HB) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) scheduling algorithms. Finally, computational results demonstrate that the FCS technique is produced 39.21% better optimal solutions than the best solutions obtained by the comparison algorithms in terms of failure rate. It specifies that the FCS technique is more appropriate for reliability aware resource scheduling for IaaS Cloud.
Enhancement of Individuality Representation for Multi-Biometric Identification
Authors: Leng W Y , Shamsuddin S M , Sulaiman S
Published: July 2020

Personal identification is one of the areas in pattern recognition that has created a center of attention by many researchers to work in. Recently, its focal point is in forensic investigation and biometric identification as such the physical (i.e., iris, fingerprint) and behavioural (i.e., signature) style can be used as biometric features for authenticating an individual. In this study, an improved approach of presenting biometric features of true individual from multi-form of biometric images is presented. The discriminability of the features is proposed by discretizing the extracted features of each person using improved Biometric Feature Discretization (BFD). BFD is introduced for features perseverance to obtain better individual representations and discriminations without the use of normalization. Our experiments have revealed that by using the proposed improved BFD in Multi-Biometric System, the individual identification is significantly increased with an average identification rate of 98%.
Comparison of Web Services for Sentiment Analysis in Social Networking Sites
Authors: Basmmi Ain Balqis Md Nor , Halim Shahliza Abd , Saadon Nor Azizah
Published: July 2020

With various type of web services available, it is hard to identify and compare which of the free access web services work best in analysing sentiment of extremist content in social networking sites. For that purpose, a generic approach by working with API of web service using PHP programming language is used to test each dataset that was extracted based on the keyword ‘extremism’. Data from both Twitter and Facebook has been used as these two are the most powerful platforms for expressing one’s feeling. The comparison for web service is done based on the analysis of its accuracy, precision, recall and f-measures in obtaining the lowest score of mean square error (MSE). Four sentiment analysis web services are used which are Sentiment Analyzer, Aylien, ParallelDots, and MonkeyLearn. From the comparison, MonkeyLearn obtained the best final results among all web services with the lowest MSE score of 14%. For the benefit of other researchers, the finding of this will reveal the suitable web service for analysing sentiment issues as critical as extremism.
Group-Based Authentication Schemes used for Machine Type Communication Devices in WSN: A Review
Authors: Ullah S , Zahilah Raja , Arshad Marina Md , Abdullah Abdul Hanan , Kadir Rashidah
Published: July 2020

M2M communication is the next vital part of IoT infrastructure. It is extremely important for IoT systems to prosper in machine-type communication (MTC) devices that have low computational power, limited energy and small amount of memory capabilities. Thousands of devices transmitting data while working remotely and independent of any external supervision, creates concern for the security of data and devices as the topology is totally different to that of personal computers. In relation to the security of the devices, authentication is the first important part that has to be addressed against all possible security threats in IoT communication. In this regard, we focus on different types of authentication techniques being carried out by the researchers in M2M communicating environment of several remotely operating devices and address their security threats.
Analysis on Reflective Writing Using Natural Language Processing and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Chong Calvin , Sheikh Usman Ullah , Samah Narina A , Sha’ameri Ahmad Zuri
Published: July 2020

Natural Language Processing (NLP) opens up the possibility for a machine to help us human process the vast data out there. There are multiple branches of NLP, but this thesis focuses on sentiment analysis, more specifically for reflective writing analysis. However, to obtain accurate results, NLP model needs to be tailored for the specific application. In this thesis, an NLP model is developed to process survey results obtained from psychology course by building a word database and categorise the level of reflection using fuzzy logic system. The main processes involved in this work are mainly performing intensive literature review on reflective writing models and to design fuzzy logic rules which can categorise the various levels of reflection demonstrated by the students. The model is then used to analyse a total of 47 reflective journals collected from the survey responses of the students from the School of Education in UTM. These surveys need to be pre-processed using some tools such as Natural Language Tool Kit (NLTK) to be fed to the developed model. There is the need to build a word database with words specific to the psychology field to improve the accuracy. From the analysis of the students’ survey, most of the students exhibit level 1-2 reflection.
Design and Fabrication of a Work Desk with Integrated Charging Ports, Desk Lamp and Storage Capability
Authors: Wessam H
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the design, development, and fabrication of a new work desk with integrated charging ports, desk lamp and storage capability for students’ use at the Outdoor Discovery Centre (ODC) hub at Jerudong International School (JIS), Brunei Darussalam. It contains a solar-powered lamp to provide light for students while conducting projects in the hub and storage compartments for students to place their belongings. It can organize and store wires, solar charge controllers, and switch box of a solar power system. Removable fans can be connected to the desk for students’ comfort. Charging ports are provided in the desk to charge electronic devices. The dimensions of the desk are based on anthropometric data of students of ages 14 - 18 years old. Feasible concepts of the product are generated and the final concept is selected based on product specifications such as aesthetics, cost, function, size, materials, environment-friendliness, and safety. The product is termed a better solution for use in ODC hub by its in-charge, Miss Follows Smith and the in-charge of renewable energy project at JIS, Dr. Lloyd.
Face Recognition and Machine Learning at the Edge
Authors: Yee Joanne Ling Sin , Sheikh Usman Ullah , Mokji Musa Mohd , Rahman Syed Abd
Published: July 2020

The number of IoT is expected to reach 20 billion by year 2020. This is due to data that log in the sensors or cameras are all send to the cloud for further processing. Cloud computing is not able to support big data analytic anymore due to network bandwidth. Face recognition is chosen as a case study to demonstrate the challenges to shift the application to the edge. The objective of this project is to develop a face recognition system that is suitable to be used at the edge using a deep neural network. Secondly, investigate the performance in terms of model size, speed and inference time after different bit-width fixed point quantization on the weights of the network. Lastly, deploy the model to Raspberry Pi 3 and test the performance. The chosen data set is AT&T. MATLAB is used to train the network in laptop with i5-7300 CPU while OpenCV-python is used to load and test the network in Raspberry Pi3 and laptop. The proposed system is designed by doing transfer learning on SqueezeNet to classify face. Fixed-point quantization is being applied to the weights of the layers to reduce the size of the model. From the experiment result, it is recommended to use 8-bit fixed-point quantization to the weights in all the layers in the model to compress the size of the network up to 2.5 times while maintaining the original accuracy 90%. That is only 1.1× speed up of the model on Raspberry Pi 3 after different bit-width weight quantization.
Optimal design of an Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system for a passenger vehicle
Authors: Mustafar M Z Che , Abu Bakar S A
Published: July 2020

This paper models the performance of a passenger vehicle equipped with Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) using a feedback control system in MATLAB Simulink. Two types of AEB control systems are simulated and compared; proportional-integral (PI) control and fuzzy logic control (FLC). Performance of both control systems simulated are compared using AEB City collision scenario defined in Euro New Car Assessment Protocol (NCAP). Results show that the proposed PI control system is able to meet Euro NCAP AEB City set requirements.
Feature Extraction Methods for Prognosis Maintenance Model
Authors: Bakir Azman Ahmad , Hassan Adnan , Hamid Mohd Foad Abdul
Published: July 2020

Research in prognosis maintenance, a branch of condition-based maintenance has received more attention from researchers lately. They focus on predicting when is the most suitable time to perform maintenance. Our review suggests that investigation on feature extraction in development of prognosis prediction model is still limited. This paper presents our study to find the most effective method for features extraction from maintenance monitoring data. The chosen features set should effectively improve the prognosis maintenance model performance. There have been several investigations to study feature extraction methods; however, the appropriate one is yet to be identified. In this research, we used datasets publicly available from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) army research laboratory. These datasets were generated through a simulation of the turbofan engine by using Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation (CMAPSS) software developed by NASA army research laboratory. Features extraction methods such as correlation among sensors, correlation among the outputs, variable weighing and treated data methods were studied in this research. Next, the extracted features were applied to the regression tree for searching an appropriate prognosis model. Based on the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction results, the correlation among sensors method was found as the best method that can represent the most useful features for the prediction model.
Multivariate Change Point Estimation in Covariance Matrix Using ANN
Authors: Firouzi Alireza , Yusof Noordin Bin Mohd , Lee Muhammad Hisyam
Published: July 2020

In statistical process control, change point estimation is an essential requirement for diagnosing the source of a deviation when a process is out of control. In this study, an ANN- based method is proposed to estimate the change point in the multivariate normal process which is subjected to covariance variation. Since in a physical system parameter is correlated, correlation is kept constant to obtain realistic simulated data. Employing statistical simulation, different out of control scenarios are simulated and statistics are calculated for each scenario. This study is to predict the change point in the control chart using the simulated set and corresponding statistical sets, an ANN is adopted. The resulting model achieved a high accuracy of 90% in training and 80% testing with a reasonable level of confidence in the prediction. Also, results show that Bayesian reaches a higher accuracy than Levenberg in ANN training.
A novel double chamber rotary sleeve air compressor -part II: friction losses model
Authors: Alduqri Y A , Kamar H M , Musa M N , Kamsah N B , Idris N R N , Alqaifi Gamal
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the friction loss model of a novel double chamber rotary sleeve air compressor (DCRSC) concept. The compressor mechanism is similar to that of rotary compressor whereby the novelty transpires in the instalment of two rotating sleeves and a secured vane that has one end fixed to an outer sleeve and the other end to a rotor, respectively. This Part II of the paper series presents the friction losses analysis of the compressor. Thermodynamic and leakage losses models were respectively presented in Part I and Part III of this paper series. The primary aim of this paper is to formulate and analyse the friction loss model at the radial and axial contact regions of DCRSC at different rotational speed. The variations of the mechanical power and efficiency were evaluated based on the adiabatic, polytropic and isothermal thermodynamic principles as illustrated in Part I of this paper series. Considering the design simplicity of cylindrical shaped components, at maximum rotational speed of 1500 rpm, the DCRSC mechanical efficiencies are 72.43%, 66.2% and 59% when air undergoes adiabatic, polytropic and isothermal compression process, respectively. it is believed that the DCRSC is well suited for compressed air systems and air-conditioning applications.
Predictive Numerical Analysis on the Fuel Homogeneity in a Rotating Detonation Engine (RDE) Implementing Radially-Entered Fuel Injection Scheme
Authors: Rahman M N , Wahid M A , Mohd Yasin M F
Published: July 2020

The potential for a continuous detonation wave in rotating detonation engine (RDE) hugely rely on the homogenous fuel-air mixture within annular chamber. Using that motivation, a comprehensive numerical study on the non-reacting flow field was carried out to investigate the mixing of hydrogen (H2)and oxygen (O2) in a RDE, allowing this study to represent the flow behavior at the split second before ignition. A validation with the published experimental data was successfully done by comparing the predicted detonation front displacement, r and velocity, vD
. Below than 10 % error was detected from both variables. New parameter representing fuel homogeneity was introduced which is the magnitude of maximum deviation from the H2 mean mass fraction, |S
max|. A comparison in the |S
max| generated from RDE implementing axially-entered fuel (AEF) injection with RDE implementing radially-entered fuel (REF) injection was carried out. Based on the numerical results, the |5max| value from AEF injection is lower than REF injection implying the capability of AEF injection to produce better fuel homogeneity. Via AEF injection, the injected fuel stream has a direct impingement with the injected oxidizer stream allowing proper mixing of the reactants. In REF injection, thedistancefrom fuel injectortooxidizerinjector, R was varied to foresee the impact of R in |S
max | value. The outcome shows that as the value of Rincreases, the value of |S
max| increases as well. Thisisduetotheformation of vortex between the reactant streams plus the increased in distance between both streams which further reduced the reactants interaction. In the cases of R3 and R4 where the values of R are 7 and 9 mm respectively, the homogeneity of fuel is severed in the upstream region. This is a major concern since the ignition happened in that particular area. Thus, it is crucial for the reactants to mix properly within the upstream region.
An investigation of computational fluid dynamics of human nasal airflow using LS-DYNA®
Authors: Riazuddin V N , Chen C C , Faridzul Ahmad , Jasni M A , Chen J
Published: July 2020

Understanding the properties of airflow in the nasal cavity is essential in determining the nasal physiology and in diagnosis of various anomalies associated with the nose. This numerical study presents the characteristics of flow features inside a human nasal cavity. A three dimensional nasal cavity model is constructed from computed tomographic images of a healthy adult nose. Pressure inlet of 0 Pa is defined at the left and right nostril inlets representing the atmospheric condition. Negative pressure value is defined at the pharynx outlet to model the airflow suction during inhalation. This study shows the flow charcateristics and distribution in the nasal cavity is dependent on the complex geometry of the nasal airway. This simulation of breathing airflow enables us to visualize the flow features inside the complicated human nasal cavity which is otherwise impossible to be determined by any other method.
Fit Mix Effect Modelling of Physio-Mechanical Properties of Experimental Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy Stir-Cast from Recycled Beverage Can
Authors: Kazeem A , Badarulzaman N A , Wan Ali W F F
Published: July 2020

The unique properties of aluminium and its alloyability with metals and non-metals made it one among most studied materials. It has vast areas of application in the automobile and aerospace industries. More than 97 % of aluminium used in beverage cans (BCs) are recoverable. Bulk of efforts were channelled to reuse of BCs to produce another can. Casting of a new Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy from BCs, adoption of Fit Mix Effect (FME) to model the physical and mechanical properties of the novel alloy were lacking in previous studies. Ingots were cast from BCs and spent batteries. Weight percent (Weight wWt. %) Zn were alternated between 4, 4.5 and 5 to produce nine (9) sections. Tensile and hardness pieces were heat treated. Largely, S3 delivered the peak UTS of 362.935 MPa, hardness of 113.06 Hv, 1.38 mm elongation and density of 2.8001 g/cm3. The empirical properties were used in delivering the FME model after fitting. The model was significant (P=0.991) and fully represent the properties of this alloy. Further studies may adopt this model to predict the properties of similar alloy and validate with experimental outcomes. Simulation of the properties are equally open for further investigations. Simulation of the properties are equally open for further investigations.
First-principles investigation of the effect of Co in stabilizing the structures of layer-structured cathodes in delithiated state
Authors: Kim Yongseon
Published: July 2020

The structural and chemical features of delithiated layer-structured cathodes (Li0.333TMO2, TM = Ni and Co) are investigated. Energetically stable structures are evaluated by combing particle swarm optimization algorithm and density functional theory calculations. The concentration of defects is calculated assuming that the entire crystal is the statistical combination of the lowest-energy structures. TM antisites that occupy Li sites and interstitial Li ions at tetrahedral sites are the major defect types in Li0.333TMO2; their prevalence decreases with increase in Co content. The oxidation state of Ni ions increases in the presence of Co, because the Co ions sustain low oxidation numbers, which results in decrease in the possibility of Ni2+ formation. In addition, the covalent bond of Co–O appears to be stronger than that of Ni–O. Therefore, the suppression of Ni2+ formation and the strong covalent bonding are proposed as the mechanisms underlying the stabilizing effect of Co.
Effect of initial texture on the {10–12} twinning variants selection mechanism in AZ31 magnesium alloy
Authors: Su Hui , Chu Zhibing , Xue Chun , Li Yugui , Ma Lifeng
Published: July 2020

The influence of the initial texture of the {10–12} twinning variants selection mechanism of the magnesium alloy was investigated using the compression test, the EBSD technology, the trace method, the orientation rotation method, and the Schmid’s law. Results show that various {10–12} twin patterns are observed in the AZ31 E90 sample subjected to compression. In the multi-twins inside a grain pattern, the high Schmid factor (SF) variant is activated first to coordinate the externally imposed strain, and the ortho-position (OP) variant with the best strain compatibility is activated. Typical case of paired twins in two neighboring grains usually have high SF, and the activation of corresponding variants follows the Schmid’s law. When E45 sample is compressed, the

SF

45
°

of a pair of relative variants among the six twin variants in the crystal is very large and favorable for local strong basal texture formed by the two adjacent grains for the twin-transfer phenomenon. When E0 sample is compressed, the activation of the corresponding variants follows the Schmid’s law and is linked to the stress fluctuation at the grain boundary.