bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BMS-470539 Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Neuronal Apoptosis via MC1R/cAMP/PKA/Nurr1 Signaling Pathway in a Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Rat Model
Authors: Yu Shufeng , Doycheva Desislava Met , Gamdzyk Marcin , Gao Yuanyuan , Guo Yong , Travis Zachary D. , Tang Jiping , Chen Wen-Xiong , Zhang John H.
Published: January 2022

Neuronal apoptosis induced by oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Previous studies reported that activation of melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) exerts antioxidative stress, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects in various neurological diseases. However, whether MC1R activation can attenuate oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis after hypoxic-ischemic- (HI-) induced brain injury remains unknown. Herein, we have investigated the role of MC1R activation with BMS-470539 in attenuating oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis induced by HI and the underlying mechanisms. 159 ten-day-old unsexed Sprague-Dawley rat pups were used. HI was induced by right common carotid artery ligation followed by 2.5 h of hypoxia. The novel-selective MC1R agonist BMS-470539 was administered intranasally at 1 h after HI induction. MC1R CRISPR KO plasmid and Nurr1 CRISPR KO plasmid were administered intracerebroventricularly at 48 h before HI induction. Percent brain infarct area, short-term neurobehavioral tests, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, Fluoro-Jade C staining, and MitoSox Staining were performed. We found that the expression of MC1R and Nurr1 increased, peaking at 48 h post-HI. MC1R and Nurr1 were expressed on neurons at 48 h post-HI. BMS-470539 administration significantly attenuated short-term neurological deficits and infarct area, accompanied by a reduction in cleaved caspase-3-positive neurons at 48 h post-HI. Moreover, BMS-470539 administration significantly upregulated the expression of MC1R, cAMP, p-PKA, Nurr1, HO-1, and Bcl-2. However, it downregulated the expression of 4-HNE and Bax, as well as reduced FJC-positive cells, MitoSox-positive cells, and 8-OHdG-positive cells at 48 h post-HI. MC1R CRISPR and Nurr1 CRISPR abolished the antioxidative stress, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects of BMS-470539. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that BMS-470539 administration attenuated oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis and improved neurological deficits in a neonatal HI rat model, partially via the MC1R/cAMP/PKA/Nurr1 signaling pathway. Early administration of BMS-470539 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for infants with HIE.
Applying Dynamic Systems to Social Media by Using Controlling Stability
Authors: Abdullah Hamad Abdulsattar , Thivagar M. Lellis , Bader Alazzam Malik , Alassery Fawaz , Hajjej Fahima , Shihab Ali A.
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on hybrid synchronization, a new synchronization phenomenon in which one element of the system is synced with another part of the system that is not allowing full synchronization and nonsynchronization to coexist in the system. Whenlimt⟶∞Y−αX=0, where Y and X are the state vectors of the drive and response systems, respectively, and Wan (α = ∓1)), the two systems’ hybrid synchronization phenomena are realized mathematically. Nonlinear control is used to create four alternative error stabilization controllers that are based on two basic tools: Lyapunov stability theory and the linearization approach.
Manipulative Reduction for Abnormal Uterine Inclination in Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Chen Jia , Yuan Yujuan , Wang Yadong
Published: January 2022

Objective. To investigate the manipulative reduction in abnormal uterine inclination in vaginal delivery. Methods. With the independently developed uterine inclination surveyor, 40 primiparas with abnormal uterine inclination were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group (Group A, 20 cases) and control group (Group B, 20 cases). The general condition of the primipara, the labor stages, the changes in uterine inclination after treatment, postpartum hemorrhage at 2 hours, and the general condition of fetuses were observed to study the therapeutic value of manual reduction in abnormal uterine inclination. Result. In the control group, one uterine inclination was not corrected with the change in labor process, and the pregnancy was terminated due to stagnation of the active phase. In the first stage of labor, the time spent in the treatment group (

393.4
±
31.3

 mins) was significantly lower than that in the control group (

440.7
±
34.9

 mins) (

P
=
0.001

). Compared with the control group (

49.8
±
6.5

 mins), the treatment group (

42.6
±
7.2

 mins) also exhibited a significantly shortened second stage of labor (

P
=
0.02

). Sixteen cases (16/20) in the treatment group returned to normal after manual reduction, and 9 cases (9/20) in the control group returned to normal with the progression of natural labor. Manual reduction could be used as an option to treat abnormal uterine inclination (

P
=
0.01

). There was no significant difference in the third stage of labor (

P
=
0.2

), 2-hour postpartum hemorrhage (

P
=
0.35

), Apgar score (

P
=
0.64

), or body weight (

P
=
0.76

) between the two groups. Conclusion. Manual reduction in the treatment of abnormal uterine inclination has obvious effects, shortens the birth process, and is safe for the fetus.
Antihistaminergic and Anticholinergic Properties of the Root Bark Aqueous Extract of Diospyros mespiliformis (Ebenaceae) on Hypersecretion of Gastric Acid Induced in Wistar Rats
Authors: Vandi Vandza Luc , Amang André Perfusion , Mezui Christophe , Siwe Gaël Tchokomeni , Ndji Gustave Lebeau Otto , Mbida Hacheked , Baponwa Odile , Tan Paul Vernyuy
Published: January 2022

Objective. The objective of this study was to elucidate the antisecretory mechanism of the root bark aqueous extract of Diospyros mespiliformis (RBAEDM) in Wistar rats. Materials and methods. RBAEDM was tested on three experimental animal models of gastric acid hypersecretion including pyloric ligation (PL), PL with histamine, and carbachol pretreatments. The ulcerated surface, mucus mass, pH, gastric acidity, and pepsin activity were determined. Some bioactive compounds revealed by qualitative phytochemistry were quantified. Some markers of oxidative stress in vivo such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and in vitro antioxidant tests (ABTS: 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power) were determined. Results. In the three models studied, RBAEDM resulted in increases in the percentages of inhibition ranging from 9.50 to 59.52% of gastric ulcer and mucus mass. This increase was accompanied by the reduction in acidity and pepsin activity. The administration of RBAEDM resulted in a significant decrease (p<0.05,p<0.01) in MDA levels correlated with a significant increase (p<0.05,p<0.01) in CAT and nitrite levels compared with the negative control. RBAEDM has the ability to scavenge ABTS and DPPH radicals and to reduce FRAP, and the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of the ABTS radical was 220 μg/mL compared with the butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) control (175 μg/mL). Quantitative phytochemistry revealed abundant polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and anthocyanin. Conclusion. RBAEDM protected gastric mucous membrane for gastric acid by mechanisms that would involve both anticholinergic and antihistaminergic pathways.
The Piano-Assisted Teaching System Based on an Artificial Intelligent Wireless Network
Authors: Xue XiaoMei , Jia ZhengHui
Published: January 2022

In the recent technological era, we can note a tremendous development in the information technology sector, which has made all other sectors work to face a revolution and profit. In comparison with other organizations, educational departments have shown the best utilization of technology in their teaching and learning process. Teaching and learning (TaL) music and musical instruments are very challenging for teachers and students of remote areas. In this research work, TaL of piano playing is considered for the study by taking the MIDI and Audio Edited for Synchronous TRacks and Organization (MAESTRO) dataset. This dataset has virtual recorded piano performances with a label for notes and audio waveforms. The multiple signal classification (MSC) algorithm with the artificial intelligence (AI) is implemented on the dataset to train the students with artificial intelligence’s support. This MSC algorithm is executed on wireless networks (WN) to classify the signal data after recording and updating the dataset. With the help of the MSC algorithm with WN, the selection of teachers becomes easier for the student. This proposed work shows effective results for the TaL performance.
Functional Evaluation of KEL as an Oncogenic Gene in the Progression of Acute Erythroleukemia
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Wu Zijuan , Yu Yan , Qiao Chun , Zhu Han , Hong Ming , Zhu Yu , Qian Sixuan , Chen Suning , Wu Depei , Li Jianyong , Jin Hui
Published: January 2022

Acute erythroleukemia (AEL) is an infrequent subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with worse prognosis. Though the last decade has seen major advances in the novel features and genomic landscape in AEL, there is still a lack of specific therapeutic targets and effective treatment approaches for this disease. Here, we found a novel oncogene KEL that specifically and aberrantly expressed in patients with AEL. In this study, we demonstrated that KEL promoted cell proliferation and the downregulation of KEL reversed drug resistance in AEL cells to JQ1. Our findings suggested that KEL contributed to gain of H3K27 acetylation and promoted erythroid differentiation induced by GATA1. Additionally, GATA1 and TAL1 as cotranscription factors (TFs) modulated the expression of KEL. Maintaining cell viability and differentiation, KEL also played parts in the immune evasion of tumor cells. Our work expands the current knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms involved in cancer onset and progression, offering promising therapeutic target to broaden the treatment options.
Salivary Fluoride Bioavailability after Brushing with Brazilian Red Propolis Dentifrice: A Clinical Study
Authors: Girão Júnior Francisco Josimar , Valadas Lidia Audrey Rocha , Bottenberg Peter , Lotif Mara Assef Leitão , Rodrigues Neto Edilson Martins , Fonseca Said Gonçalves da Cruz , Bandeira Mary Anne Medeiros , Squassi Aldo , Dantas Thereza Cristina Farias Botelho , Sena Nara Juliana Custódio de , Fonteles Marta Maria de França
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Fluoride plays an important role in the control of dental caries, and currently new dentifrices are being associated with natural products. Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the availability of fluoride in saliva samples after using a dentifrice incorporated with Brazilian red propolis (BRP, INPI Patent no. BR1020170110974) and to compare it to a conventional fluoridated dentifrice in healthy participants. Methods. This study was conducted implementing a double-blind, randomized, controlled, and crossover design. Saliva samples of participants were collected at the following time points: 0 at baseline and 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after brushing with each dentifrice. Salivary fluoride concentrations showed no statistically significant difference when comparing the two treatments (

p
>
0.05

). All available fluoride concentrations in saliva decreased after one hour, with no significant difference between BRP and conventional fluoridated dentifrice treatment samples (

p
>
0.05

). Results. The results showed that there was no difference between the analyzed fluoride concentrations 1 hour after brushing with the different dentifrices. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that the propolis incorporated in the dentifrice did not interfere with the kinetics and bioavailability of the fluoride ion in saliva samples, enabling its integration with the pharmaceutical formula and thereby promoting its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial benefits without compromising the anticaries activity of the formulation.
Feature Extraction of Foul Action of Football Players Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Guan Hao , Niu Hualiang
Published: January 2022

With the improvement of technology and tactics, the rhythm of football match is getting faster and faster, which leads to more intense competition behavior in a football match; the physical contact of both players is also increasing, and the frequency of fouls by football players is getting higher and higher. This leads to fouls by players. Because of the error of visual analysis, in the crowd of high-level football players, the traditional football players’ foul behavior feature extraction method has the problem of low precision of foul action feature extraction. This paper mainly studies the feature extraction of soccer players’ foul action based on machine vision. To solve these problems, this paper uses a machine vision-based football player foul action feature extraction method, using a machine vision system to obtain football player action image, based on threshold recognition algorithm to identify the football player’s foul action. Based on the recognition of the foul action image, the potential function sequence of the foul action sequence is established by the Harris 3D operator, and the characteristic data of football player foul action are filtered by the AdaBoost algorithm. The simulation results show that this method has high accuracy in identifying fouls in the range of high-level football players and effectively reduces the recognition error. The method proposed in this paper can effectively analyze the characteristics of foul action and help football clubs to develop more perfect tactics.
Study on Low-Cost, Low-Voltage Multiprogrammable Nonvolatile Memory Cells for UHF Tag Chips
Authors: Bai Na , Li Chao , Xu Yao Hua , Wang Yi
Published: January 2022

This paper proposes a low-voltage, low-cost multiple-time-programmable nonvolatile memory (MTP NVM) based on a standard CMOS 0.13 μm process for UHF RFID chip applications. The design of the differential structure cell using the tunneling effect reduces the read and write voltage. The read and write simulation test results show that the read and write operating voltage is 10 V, which is 30% lower than that of conventional EEPROMs. Because the UHF RFID tag chip requires higher voltage reduction, the structured memory cell is well suited for UHF RFID applications.
Temporal Interference (TI) Stimulation Boosts Functional Connectivity in Human Motor Cortex: A Comparison Study with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)
Authors: Zhu Zhiqiang , Xiong Yiwu , Chen Yun , Jiang Yong , Qian Zhenyu , Lu Jianqiang , Liu Yu , Zhuang Jie
Published: January 2022

Temporal interference (TI) could stimulate deep motor cortex and induce movement without affecting the overlying cortex in previous mouse studies. However, there is still lack of evidence on potential TI effects in human studies. To fill this gap, we collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data on 40 healthy young participants both before and during TI stimulation on the left primary motor cortex (M1). We also chose a widely used simulation approach (tDCS) as a baseline condition. In the stimulation session, participants were randomly allocated to 2 mA TI or tDCS for 20 minutes. We used a seed-based whole brain correlation analysis method to quantify the strength of functional connectivity among different brain regions. Our results showed that both TI and tDCS significantly boosted functional connection strength between M1 and secondary motor cortex (premotor cortex and supplementary motor cortex). This is the first time to demonstrate substantial stimulation effect of TI in the human brain.
Research on the Recognition Algorithm of Basketball Technical Action Based on BP Neural System
Authors: Hou Xiangfeng , Ji Qing
Published: January 2022

Vision-based intelligent human action recognition is the most challenging direction in the field of computer vision in recent years. It detects human actions in video sequences, extracts action features and learns action features, and then recognizes human actions in videos. This paper is based on BP neural network’s basketball technique action recognition and experimental verification. First, design a basketball technique action recognition method based on BP neural network, analyze basketball actions, collect relevant test data, and divide the methods of basketball action recognition. Finally, analyze the action characteristics and waveform conditions of the upper- and lower-limb movements of the basketball action and analyze the key basketball action recognition data. The designed classification method realizes the effective recognition of basketball actions; then, the basketball recognition method used in this article is experimentally verified, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the recognition method selected in this article are verified by recognizing basketball technical actions, and the experimental results are carried out. Compared with other related studies, this method proposes a division of unit actions to complete the cycle division of basketball actions. The division results do not include the overlap of other actions, avoiding repeated calculations of actions and greatly reducing the amount of calculation of the system. In addition, the method for the recognition of basketball movement includes the separate recognition of upper- and lower-limb movements, comprehensive consideration of arm and leg movements, and a more comprehensive and accurate analysis of basketball movements.
Experimental Study of Onset of Nucleate Boiling in Vertical Rectangular Channels with Different Flow Path Heights
Authors: Cheng Ning , Yu Shuwen , Xiao Jun , Peng Chang-Hong
Published: January 2022

A study on ONB (onset of nucleate boiling) in two vertical rectangular channels are experimentally conducted in a range of mass flux varying from 100 to 300 kg/(m2·s), inlet water temperature from 70 to 100°C, heat flux from 10 to 70 kW/m2, and local pressure of 0.145 MPa. The cross-section sizes are 1.8 mm

∗

60 mm and 2.8 mm

∗

60 mm, respectively. Three boiling incipience judgment methods have been used to locate ONB sites and found that

Δ

T

ONB

(the wall superheat at ONB site) increases with the decrease of inlet temperature and increases as mass flux increases. The results also indicate that although the bubble size and behaviors in the narrow channel are different from that in the nonnarrow channel at the ONB site, the heat transfer has not been influenced evidently. In addition,

Δ

T

ONB

in both channels can be predicted by the correlation proposed by Thom within the error range of ±30%.
Interpretable Model Based on Pyramid Scene Parsing Features for Brain Tumor MRI Image Segmentation
Authors: Zhao Mingyang , Xin Junchang , Wang Zhongyang , Wang Xinlei , Wang Zhiqiong
Published: January 2022

Due to the black box model nature of convolutional neural networks, computer-aided diagnosis methods based on depth learning are usually poorly interpretable. Therefore, the diagnosis results obtained by these unexplained methods are difficult to gain the trust of patients and doctors, which limits their application in the medical field. To solve this problem, an interpretable depth learning image segmentation framework is proposed in this paper for processing brain tumor magnetic resonance images. A gradient-based class activation mapping method is introduced into the segmentation model based on pyramid structure to visually explain it. The pyramid structure constructs global context information with features after multiple pooling layers to improve image segmentation performance. Therefore, class activation mapping is used to visualize the features concerned by each layer of pyramid structure and realize the interpretation of PSPNet. After training and testing the model on the public dataset BraTS2018, several sets of visualization results were obtained. By analyzing these visualization results, the effectiveness of pyramid structure in brain tumor segmentation task is proved, and some improvements are made to the structure of pyramid model based on the shortcomings of the model shown in the visualization results. In summary, the interpretable brain tumor image segmentation method proposed in this paper can well explain the role of pyramid structure in brain tumor image segmentation, which provides a certain idea for the application of interpretable method in brain tumor segmentation and has certain practical value for the evaluation and optimization of brain tumor segmentation model.
The Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Pyrite-Pyrrhotite Mixtures in Nitrogen Atmosphere
Authors: Tian Changshun , Rao Yunzhang , Su Gang , Huang Tao , Xiang Cairong
Published: January 2022

To assess the thermal transformation process of common sulfide minerals in a nitrogen atmosphere, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric mass spectrometry are employed to define the influence of the pyrrhotite content in pyrite-pyrrhotite mixtures (mixed minerals). The results indicate that an increase in pyrrhotite content decreases the temperature of the maximum mass loss rate of mixed minerals and reduces its mass loss. The solid-phase transformation of the thermal decomposition of mixed minerals is accelerated because the apparent activation energy of pyrrhotite is lower than that of pyrite and mixed minerals. However, the pyrrhotite makes the mixed minerals easier to sinter and agglomerate, which reduces the total volatilization amount of the gas product, S2; thus, the rate of mass loss decreases.
Chinese Provincial Difference in the Efficiency of Universities’ Scientific and Technological Activities Based on DEA with Shared Input
Authors: Zhao Huan-huan , Liu Yong , Li Jian , Guo Xue-ge , Gui Hai-jin
Published: January 2022

The universities’ scientific and technological activities have become the key link of science and technology and economy, and the core of promoting the national innovation capability and competitiveness. To achieve high-quality development of China’s science and technology, it is of great significance to measure the efficiency of universities’ scientific and technological activities accurately and explore their regional differences. Based on the innovation value chain, we construct a two-stage efficiency measure index system of universities’ scientific and technological activity, and then according to the universities’ statistical data in China from 2010 to 2017, by taking provincial universities as the research object, we exploit a two-stage network DEA model with shared input to measure the provincial efficiency of universities’ scientific and technological activities in China; what is more, we explore the provincial differences in efficiency of universities’ scientific and technological activities. Finally, we extract the influencing factors on the efficiency of universities’ scientific and technological activities using the dynamic panel data model. The results show that there are serious problems in the transformation between knowledge output and results in the universities’ scientific and technological activities. The scientific and technological activities of regional universities in China are not balanced. For provincial universities’ efficiency of scientific and technological activities, there exist great differences among different time and space, stages, and resource utilization modes. The endogenous factors such as policy system and technology service are much more important factors.
Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis on Pharmacological Mechanisms of Astragalus membranaceus in the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer
Authors: Zhou Piao , Zhou Rui , Min Yao , An Li-Ping , Wang Fei , Du Quan-Yu
Published: January 2022

Background. Astragalus membranaceus (AM, family: Leguminosae) exerts significant therapeutic effect on gastric ulcer (GU); however, there are scarce studies on its molecular mechanism against GU. This study aims to explore the key ingredients, key targets, and potential mechanisms of AM in the treatment of GU by utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods. Several public databases were used to predict the targets of AM and GU, respectively, and the drug and disease targets were intersected to obtain the common targets. Next, the key ingredients and key targets were identified by constructing ingredient-target network and protein-protein-interaction (PPI) network. Gene Ontology biological processes (GOBP) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out on the common targets in order to ascertain the biological processes and signaling pathways involved. Finally, molecular docking was conducted to verify the binding affinity between the key ingredients and key targets. Results. A total of 552 predicted targets were obtained from 23 screened active ingredients, of which 203 targets were the common targets with GU. Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin were identified as the key ingredients by constructing ingredient-target network, and TP53, AKT1, VEGFA, IL6, TNF, CASP3, and EGFR were selected as the key targets by constructing PPI network. GOBP and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the therapeutic effect of AM on GU involved multiple biological processes and signaling pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. Molecular docking validation demonstrated that all key ingredients had good binding affinity with the key targets. Conclusion. This study revealed the key ingredients, key targets, and potential mechanisms of AM against GU, and these data may provide some crucial references for subsequent research and development of drugs for treating GU.
Multievaluation Strategy for Liujunzi Decoction: Fingerprint Characterization, Chemometrics Analysis, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wu Xi-Pei , Dai Yong-Zhao , Nie Ke
Published: January 2022

Liujunzi decoction (LJZD), a traditional tonic formula for treating “qi” deficiency of the spleen and the syndrome of phlegm dampness, can be used to prevent and treat chemotherapy-induced anorexia (CIA). The chemical constituents of LJZD are rather complex; therefore, it is of great significance to establish an effective and economic quality control method to ensure the quality consistency and stability of LJZD. With one chromatographic condition, 13 common peaks detected at 203 nm were selected to establish a fingerprint similarity model and 7 chemical constituents were identified as ephedrine hydrochloride, liquiritin, hesperidin, ginsenoside Rg1, jujuboside A, 6-gingerol, and atractylenolide III. Ten batches of LJZD were divided into two groups by cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), and four main components (ephedrine hydrochloride, hesperidin, ginsenoside Rg1, and jujuboside A) of LJZD were analyzed. Also, the analysis results were combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to further predict how LJZD could prevent and treat CIA. We found that these four main components of LJZD spontaneously combined with four CIA targets (SRC, PIK3R1, MAPK1, and AKT1). In this study, we established the fingerprint of LJZD for the first time, and through a comprehensive multiassessment method, we also successively analyzed the fingerprint and chemometrics.
Design of Prediction-Based Controller for Networked Control Systems with Packet Dropouts and Time-Delay
Authors: Wang Zhaohong , Huang Jia , Chen Caixue , Fukushima Seiji
Published: January 2022

A novel prediction-based controller design is proposed for networked control systems (NCSs) with stochastic packet dropouts and time-delay in their control channel. The sequence of packet dropouts, which are modelled as a Bernoulli process, is compensated by a zero-order holder (ZOH)-based module, whereas a state predictor is utilized for obtaining the predicted states at the time delayed. In view of dropout compensator and state predictor, a novel modified model predictive controller (MPC) is designed and proposed in the following procedures. Compared to cost function of a general model predictive controller, variables of states are substituted by the predicted ones as obtained from state predictor preliminarily. Then, a logical programming approach is applied to include all the possible circumstances in the prediction horizon. Consequently, the cost function is reformed as simultaneous minimax linear matrix inequalities (LMI) with constraints. As a result, toolbox YALMIP is employed in order to solve such minimax programming problem eventually. Simulation results are presented to show the feasibility and performance of proposed method.
An Advance Computing Numerical Heuristic of Nonlinear SIR Dengue Fever System Using the Morlet Wavelet Kernel
Authors: Umar Muhammad , Sabir Zulqurnain , Zahoor Raja Muhammad Asif , Al-Basyouni K. S. , Mahmoud S. R. , Sánchez Yolanda Guerrero
Published: January 2022

This study is associated to solve the nonlinear SIR dengue fever system using a computational methodology by operating the neural networks based on the designed Morlet wavelet (MWNNs), global scheme as genetic algorithm (GA), and rapid local search scheme as interior-point algorithm (IPA), i.e., GA-IPA. The optimization of fitness function based on MWNNs is performed for solving the nonlinear SIR dengue fever system. This MWNNs-based fitness function is accessible using the differential system and initial conditions of the nonlinear SIR dengue fever system. The designed procedures based on the MWNN-GA-IPA are applied to solve the nonlinear SIR dengue fever system to check the exactness, precision, constancy, and efficiency. The achieved numerical form of the nonlinear SIR dengue fever system via MWNN-GA-IPA was compared with the Runge–Kutta numerical results that verify the significance of MWNN-GA-IPA. Moreover, statistical reflections through different measures for the nonlinear SIR dengue fever system endorse the precision and convergence of the computational MWNN-GA-IPA.
Continuation of Pembrolizumab with Additional Chemotherapy after Progression with PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced NSCLC: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study
Authors: Jung Hyun Ae , Park Sehhoon , Choi Yoon-La , Lee Se-Hoon , Ahn Jin Seok , Ahn Myung-Ju , Sun Jong-Mu
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Although programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have shown survival benefits in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), most patients progress. This study evaluated whether continuing pembrolizumab with additional chemotherapy after failure of prior PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor extends survival.

Patients and Methods:

This placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized phase II study enrolled patients with NSCLC who received one or two cytotoxic chemotherapy, including at least one platinum-doublet regimen, and progressed on second- or third-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy as the last systemic therapy. Patients were randomized (1:1) to pembrolizumab or placebo plus chemotherapy, stratified by histology and clinical outcomes to prior PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).

Results:

A total of 98 patients were randomized to the pembrolizumab-chemotherapy (N = 47) and placebo-chemotherapy arm (N = 51). At the median follow-up duration of 10.5 months, there was no statistical difference in PFS [median 4.1 months vs. 5.9 months; HR = 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69–1.62; P = 0.78) and overall survival (median 11.5 months vs. 12.0 months; HR = 1.09; 95% CI, 0.66–1.83; P = 0.73) between the pembrolizumab-chemotherapy and placebo-chemotherapy arms. In a subgroup with PD-L1 expression in ≥50% of tumor cells and favorable clinical outcomes to prior PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor (partial response or 6 months or longer of stable disease), the pembrolizumab-chemotherapy arm showed a higher 24-month survival rate than the placebo-chemotherapy arm (74% vs. 38%; HR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.13–2.1; P = 0.34).

Conclusions:

This study did not show a survival benefit with the continuation of pembrolizumab with chemotherapy in patients whose NSCLC progressed on second- or third-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

See related commentary by Tseng and Gainor, p. 2206
Corneal Graft Rejection after Descemet’s Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty with Peripheral Anterior Synechiae
Authors: Miyoshi Yukiko , Ono Takashi , Seki Saori , Toyono Tetsuya , Kitamoto Kohdai , Hayashi Takahiko , Usui Tomohiko , Aihara Makoto , Miyai Takashi
Published: January 2022

Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for patients with corneal endothelial loss rarely results in graft rejection. Herein, we report a rare case of graft rejection following DMEK, in which peripheral anterior synechiae were observed postoperatively. A 66-year-old woman was referred to our hospital after complaints of decreased visual acuity of her right eye after laser iridotomy for primary angle closure 3 years earlier. Her right cornea had bullous keratopathy with mild cataract, and her best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/40. After cataract surgery, DMEK was successfully performed, except for development of peripheral anterior synechiae at the temporal cornea. Her BCVA recovered to 20/20. However, when topical instillation was changed to 0.1% fluorometholone from 0.1% betamethasone once a day, corneal edema reappeared with hyperemia, mutton fat keratic precipitates (KPs), and cells in the anterior chamber. The BCVA worsened to 20/32. Graft rejection was diagnosed, and subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone was performed 3 times, once every few days, with 0.1% topical betamethasone instillation. Subsequently, the hyperemia, mutton fat KPs, and cells in the anterior chamber disappeared with a recovered BCVA of 20/20 after 2 weeks. Ten months after graft rejection, there was no recurrence of intraocular inflammation, and only topical betamethasone was administered twice daily. It is important to exercise caution in cases with peripheral anterior synechiae after DMEK. Long-term steroid administration is necessary to prevent graft rejection.
APOL1 Risk Variants Associated with Serum Albumin in a Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Chaudhary Ninad S. , Tiwari Hemant K. , Hidalgo Bertha A. , Limdi Nita A. , Reynolds Richard J. , Cushman Mary , Zakai Neil A. , Lange Leslie , Judd Suzanne E. , Winkler Cheryl A. , Kopp Jeffrey B. , Gutiérrez Orlando M. , Irvin Marguerite R.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The association of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) nephropathy risk variants (APOL1), unique to African-ancestry (African-American [AA]) populations, with systemic inflammation, a contributor to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is ill-defined. This study aimed to describe the role of inflammatory markers in the relationship between APOL1 and incident kidney outcomes using a prospective cohort study. Methods: APOL1 high-risk status under a recessive genetic model was studied in 10,605 AA adults aged ≥45 years from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study. The primary variables of interest were inflammatory markers: C-reactive protein (mg/dL), white blood cell count (cells/mm3), and serum albumin (sALB) (mg/dL). High inflammation status was defined if at least one of these inflammatory markers exceeded clinical threshold. The association between APOL1 and biomarkers were assessed using regression models adjusting for age, sex, ancestry, hypertension, lipid medications, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Models were stratified by diabetes status. We identified incident ESKD using USRDS linkage, and we defined incident CKD as an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and ≥25% decline in the eGFR and normal baseline eGFR and tested for mediation of APOL1 and outcomes by biomarkers using the causal inference approach. Results: Among 7,151 participants with data available on all inflammation markers, 4,479 participants had ≥1 marker meeting the clinical threshold. APOL1 high-risk status was associated with lower adjusted odds of reduced sALB {odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]): 0.59 [0.36, 0.96])}, and this association was significant in people with diabetes (OR [95% CI]: 0.40 [0.18, 0.89]) but not in those without diabetes. There was no association of APOL1 high-risk status with other markers or high inflammation status. APOL1 was independently associated with ESKD (OR [95% CI] = 1.78 [1.28, 2.48]) and CKD (OR [95% CI] = 1.38 [1.00, 1.91]). On mediation analysis, the direct effect between APOL1 and ESKD strengthened after accounting for sALB, but the estimated mediated effect was not statistically significant (OR [95% CI]: 0.98 [0.92, 1.05], p = 0.58). Conclusion: APOL1 high-risk variants were associated with sALB. However, sALB did not statistically mediate the association between APOL1 and incident ESKD.
Granular Cell Tumor in the Medial Rectus Muscle: A Case Report
Authors: Yokoyama Tatsuro , Vaidya Aric , Kakizaki Hirohiko , Takahashi Yasuhiro
Published: January 2022

An 80-year-old female complained of diplopia after undergoing cataract surgery. On the first examination, adduction and abduction were slightly restricted. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass in the medial rectus muscle. The results of pathological examination of a specimen harvested from the mass corresponded to granular cell tumor. Although we could not completely excise the mass because of firm adhesion of the mass to the muscle, there was no recurrence without any suspicious metastatic lesion at 2.5 years of follow-up.
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion after Messenger RNA-Based COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Sugihara Kazunobu , Kono Michihiro , Tanito Masaki
Published: January 2022

Two days after the second dose of the messenger RNA-based COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2), a healthy 38-year-old man developed branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in his left eye (OS). His previous medical history was unremarkable and he was a nonsmoker. His blood pressure was 117/78 mm Hg. Blood examination did not suggest thrombophilia. His best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.9 OS with myopic correction. A fundus examination showed a retinal hemorrhage and cotton wool spots in the superotemporal region of the posterior pole OS. Optical coherence tomography macular scans showed subfoveal fluid accumulation and retinal thickening in the superior macular region OS. Two intravitreal injections of aflibercept were administered 2 months apart. By 7 months after the initial visit, the BCVA was 1.2 OS and the retinal hemorrhage and macular edema have resolved. BRVO can be seen after BNT162b2 vaccinations. Because the third doses of the vaccine are beginning to be administered more widely, ocular complications including RVO can develop and require attention.
Optical fiber sensors: review of technology and applications
Authors: Eid Mahmoud M. A.
Published: January 2022

There is a huge increase in the usage of optical fiber sensors in various fields, especially the field of communications, as these sensors have been employed in a promising industry, namely, the internet of things. This industry is witnessing a growing demand for more sensors as well as employing them in new applications, and there is an urgent need to invent new sensors to meet our requirements in providing more time, luxury, and effort with the highest quality and the best possible performance. But there is now a lot of information about optical sensors as well as many classifications and applications. There are also some developments in a scientific research yard. The main objective of this paper is to introduce short, effective, and concentrated points in optical fiber sensors such as a brief historical background, their structure, and their different operation principles, different classifications for these sensors according to different categories, and finally advantages of fiber optical sensors compared to traditional electronic sensors. I hope this content will be very useful to anyone interested in these types of sensors. This review is done with particular assurance on the recently published information.
On the computation of the automorphisms group of low density parity check codes using genetic algorithm
Authors: Bellfkih El Mehdi , Nouh Said , Idrissi Imrane Chemseddine , Ettaoufik Abdelaziz , Louartiti Khalid , Mouline Jamal
Published: January 2022

The genetic algorithm (GA) is an adaptive metaheuristic search method based on the process of evolution and natural selection theory. It is an efficient algorithm used for solving the combinatorial optimization problems, e.g., travel salesman problem (TSP), linear ordering problem (LOP), and job-shop scheduling problem (JSP). The simple GA applied takes a long time to reach the optimal solution, the configuration of the GA parameters is vital for a successful GA search and convergence to optimal solutions, it includes population size, crossover operator, and mutation operator rates. Also, very recently, many research papers involved the GA in coding theory, In particular, in the decoding linear block codes case, which has heavily contributed to reducing the complexity, and guaranting the convergence of searching in fewer iterations. In this paper, an efficient method based on the genetic algorithm is proposed, and it is used for computing the Automorphisms groups of low density parity check (LDPC) codes, the results of the aforementioned method show a significant efficiency in finding an important set of Automorphisms set of LDPC codes.
Modular reduction with step-by-step using of several bits of the reducible number
Authors: Tynymbayev Sakhybay , Aitkhozhayeva Yevgeniya , Tananova Dana , Adilbekkyzy Sairan
Published: January 2022

Although public key cryptography is known to solve the problem of physically secure key exchange, the main drawback of this system is its low performance during encrypting and decrypting data. One of the ways to solve this issue is to increase the speed of the modular reduction operation, one of the basic operations of asymmetric cryptoalgorithms. A new method of step-by-step reduction by the N-bit module P using several bits of the 2Nbit reducible number A in one step is proposed in this paper. The method is based on using multiples of the P and reducing modulo at each step not the entire initial number, but its parts (A1, A2… Ai), which allows to reduce the bit capacity of A. A structural diagram of the hardware implementation of this method are developed. The main unit of the modular reduction device is a block of partial remainder formers, in which the partial remainder is computed using multiples of the P. The circuits are modeled in the Vivado Design Suite computer aided design (CAD) on base Artix-7 Fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA) device from Xilinx. Optimization of hardware costs is achieved by applying the same comparison circuits to compare different multiples of P with Ai
Soft computing techniques for early diabetes prediction
Authors: Abdulkareem Sabah Anwer , Radhi Hussein Y. , Fadil Yousra Ahmed , Mahdi Hussain
Published: January 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, life-threatening, and complicated condition. Around 1.5 million deaths due to diabetes have been documented, according to a World Health Organization (WHO) estimation in 2019. In the world of medicine, predicting diabetes risk is a difficult and time-consuming task. Many past studies have been conducted to investigate and clarify diabetes symptoms and variables. To solve these persisting issues, however, more critical clinical criteria must be considered. A comparative analysis based on three soft computing strategies for diabetes prediction has been carried out and achieved in this work. Among the computational intelligence methods used in this study are fuzzy analytical hierarchy processes (FAHP), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The techniques reveal promising performance in predicting diabetes reliably and effectively in terms of several classification evaluation metrics, according to experimental analysis and assessment conducted on 520 participants using a publicly available dataset.
Music genres classification by deep learning
Authors: Hu Yifeng , Mogos Gabriela
Published: January 2022

Since musical genre is one of the most common ways used by people for managing digital music databases, music-genre-classification is a crucial task. There are many scenarios for its use, and the main one explored here is eventually being placed on Spotify, or Netease music, as an external component to recommend songs to users. This paper provides various deep neural networks developed based on python, together with the effect of these models on music genres classification. In addition, the paper illustrates the technologies for audio feature extraction in industrial environment by mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), audio data augmentation in
Social cyber-criminal, towards automatic real time recognition of malicious posts on Twitter
Authors: Ibrahim Yasser , Razek Mohammed Abdel , El-Sherbeny Nasser
Published: January 2022

Easy access to the internet throughout the world has fully reformed the usage of social communication such as Facebook, Twitter, Linked In which are becoming a part of our life. Accordingly, cybercrime has become a vital problem, especially in developing countries. The dissemination of information with no risk of being discovered and fetched leads to an increase in cyber-criminal. Meanwhile, the huge amount of data continuously produced from Twitter made the discovery process of cyber-criminals is a tough assignment. This research will contribute in determined on the build the comparable vectors for (positive and negative classes) and then the classify incoming tweets to predicate his class (positive or negative). The proposed routines staring with the construct super comparable vectors (SCV) (positive and negative vectors), and the construct vector for the incoming tweet, and then calculate similarities with both SCV and compare calculated similarities to predicate class of incoming tweet. In this research, we used some common techniques for calculating the weight of terms in tweets to construct SCV. To ensure the successful operation of the proposed system, we performed a pilot analysis on a real example of an examination. Research Improves precision, recall, and F1 values by 87%, 59%, 69.99%, respectively.
Studies enhancement of transient stability by single machine infinite bus system and setting purpose genetic algorithm
Authors: Hasan Zinah S. , Al-Mamoori Dalya H.
Published: January 2022

Maintaining network synchronization is important to customer service. Low fluctuations cause voltage instability, non-synchronization in the power system or the problems in the electrical system disturbances, harmonics current and voltages inflation and contraction voltage. Proper tunning of the parameters of stabilizer is prime for validation of stabilizer. To overcome instability issues and get reinforcement found a lot of the techniques are developed to overcome instability problems and improve performance of power system. Genetic algorithm was applied to optimize parameters and suppress oscillation. The simulation of the robust composite capacitance system of an infinite single-machine bus was studied using MATLAB was used for optimization purpose. The critical time is an indication of the maximum possible time during which the error can pass in the system to obtain stability through the simulation. The effectiveness improvement has been shown in the system.