bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Metode Forward Chaining untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Demam Thypoid pada Balita Berbasis Android
Authors: Adinda Amilia
Published: August 2024

Demam thypoid merupakan penyakit infeksi sistemik disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella enterica serotype typhi. Balita memiliki daya tahan tubuh yang belum sempurna dibandingkan orang dewasa sehingga lebih retan terjangkit suatu penyakit, salah satu penyakit yang sering terjadi yaitu demam thypoid. Banyaknya kesamaan gejala penyakit demam thypoid dengan demam berdarah dengue membuat beberapa orang tua sering salah dalam mendiagnosanya. Oleh karena itu, dibuatlah sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosa penyakit demam thypoid. Sistem pakar ini dibangun menggunakan inferensi forward chaining. Metode forward chaining ini diimplementasikan dengan mengguanakan bahasa pemrograman android. Sistem pakar yang dirancang dalam skripsi ini merupakan Rule-Base expert system. Hasil dari penelitian ini aplikasi sistem pakar dengan menggunakan forward chaining dapat digunakan untuk diagnosa penyakit demam thypoid dengan beberapa langkah yaitu memilih gejala, melakukan konsultasi dan menampilkan konsultasi.Kata KunciDemam thypoid; Balita; Sistem Pakar; Forward Chaining;
Sistem Informasi Pendataan Koperasi Berbasis Web
Authors: Mutmainah Mutmainah
Published: August 2024

Pentingnya sistem informasi dan teknologi komputer dalam memenuhi kebutuhan akan informasi yang akurat, cepat, dan tepat. Koperasi, sebagai bentuk usaha bersama yang mendasarkan keberadaannya pada prinsip-prinsip gotong royong dan kekeluargaan, juga perlu mengadopsi teknologi informasi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, transparansi, dan kualitas layanan kepada anggota. Implementasi sistem informasi pendataan koperasi dapat menjadi tonggak penting dalam memodernisasi koperasi dan meningkatkan kualitas layanan kepada anggota. Sistem informasi adalah kumpulan komponen terkait yang berfungsi mengumpulkan, menyimpan, memproses, dan menyebarkan data dan informasi. Dalam konteks koperasi, sistem informasi pendataan koperasi dapat membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan dan pengelolaan kegiatan, serta meningkatkan komunikasi dan kolaborasi antara anggota koperasi. Metode yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode waterfall.
KONSEKUENSI PENYEDIA DAN PENGGUNA JASA JOKI TUGAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Arifin Ahmad , Arifin Tajul
Published: August 2024

Islam menganjurkan umatnya untuk menuntut ilmu. Serangkaian ilmu didapatkan melalui tahap Pendidikan, namun dalam prosesnya butuh komitmen kuat dalam menjalankan kewajibannya dengan dilandasi sebuah integritas. Fenomena Jasa Joki Tugas menjadi salah satu penyebab hilangnya integritas di kalangan mahasiswa, oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya praktik jasa joki tugas akademik yang saat ini banyak tersedia melalui media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsekuensi yang diterima bagi penyedia dan pengguna dari adanya praktik jasa joki tugas, dan mengetahui status akad dari adanya praktik tersebut yang ditinjau melalui hadis Riwayat Bukhari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif secara deskriptif analitis dengan studi kepustakaan (Library Research) sebagai jenis penelitianya. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa akad yang timbul dari praktik jasa joki tugas ini adalah akad ijarah. Namun, penggunaan objek akad dari praktik jasa joki tugas ditujukan dengan memuat unsur kebohongan dan kecurangan akademik yang tentu menyalahi ketentuan sah dari salah satu konsep akad. sehingga dalam hukum Islam tidak dibenarkan. Penyedia dan pengguna jasa joki tugas sama-sama memperoleh hasil yang tidak baik, oleh karena itu sikap tanggung jawab dan kesadaran akan konsekuensi yang akan diterima merupakan solusi dari adanya praktik jasa joki tugas ini.
ANALISIS BATASAN USIA PERNIKAHAN DALAM HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM PERBANDINGAN ANTAR NEGARA (Maladewa, Mesir, Pakistan dan Indonesia)
Authors: Sholeh Itsnaini Firdausi Nuzulah , Jannah Shofiatul
Published: August 2024

The procedure for implementing family law in countries with a majority Muslim population is different, this is influenced by variations in political structure, social structure, and cultural norms of each country. Different applications of family law in each country result in the determination of the minimum age of marriage varies also in each Islamic country. Islamic countries and Muslim-majority countries usually set the age of marriage between 15 and 21 years and usually Islamic countries distinguish age groups between men and women. Family law laws applicable in Pakistan, the Maldives, Egypt, and Indonesia are covered in this article. Using normative research methods, the authors highlight significant differences in setting the minimum age of marriage in each country. The age limit for marriage is compared to the applicable family laws in each country as part of the regulatory analysis. Analyze something compared using vertical, horizontal, and diagonal methods. The thought process of setting marriage age limits in each country is based on each madhhab that the country adheres to as well as the idea that social and cultural norms can be modified to fit the characteristics of that country. Although Islamic law provides freedom in setting a minimum age of marriage, each country has an important role in determining the legal age of marriage to protect its citizens.Keywords: Reform, Family law, age limit for marriage
Guarding Education for All: The Strategic Role of Madrasah Supervisory Supervision in Realizing Inclusive Madrasah
Authors: Hamid Abdul
Published: August 2024

This research focuses on the strategic role of madrasah supervisors in realizing inclusive education in madrasas in Krejengan, Kraksaan, Probolinggo. The main objective of this study is to explore how madrasah supervisors can optimize the use of technology and collaboration with religious leaders in supporting the implementation of inclusive policies. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, where data is collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis from several madrasas at the research site. Data analysis was carried out using an interactive analysis model from Miles and Huberman, which included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results show that the use of digital technology by madrasah supervisors significantly improves the efficiency of supervision and strengthens the relationship between supervisors, teachers, and students in the context of inclusive education. In addition, collaboration with religious leaders has proven effective in reducing stigma in society and increasing community support for inclusive programs. The implications of this study show that supervision strategies that integrate technology and community-based collaboration can be an effective model to be applied in other madrasas that face similar challenges. These results also emphasize the importance of developing more adaptive and evidence-based education policies in supporting inclusivity in the educational environment
Penjatuhan Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Kejahatan Seksual Anak dalam Perspektif HAM
Authors: Rizal Sofian Syaiful
Published: August 2024

Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak adalah suatu Perbuatan Kejahatan yang tidak bermoral dan termasuk pelanggaran HAM. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengantisipasi bertambahnya kekerasan seksual terhadap anak, Pemerintah mengeluarkan Perpu No 1 Tahun 2016 tentang perubahan kedua atas Undang-undang No 23 Tahun 2002 tentang perlindungan anak. Perpu No 1 ini kemudian disahkan menjadi Undang-undang Nomor 17 tahun 2016 tentang penetapan Perpu No 1 Tahun 2016. Perpu tersebut mengatur tentang pemberatan terhadap hukuman pelaku kejahatan seksual, khususnya terhadap anak. Esensi Perpu tersebut mengatur tentang adanya pidana dan tindakan. Tindakan yang dimaksud dalam Perpu tersebut berupa pelaksanaan kebiri kimia disertai dengan rehabilitasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis kebijakan hukum pidana sanksikebiri kimia terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual kepada anak dalam Perspektif HAM.Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan serta pendekatan analisis konsep. Pelaksanaan kebiri kimia dianggap merupakan pelanggaran HAM. Penjatuhan hukuman melalui pengebirian dapat dikualifikasi sebagai penghukuman keji dan tidak manusiawi serta tidak sesuai dengan konstitusi dan komitmen Indonesia dalam bidang hak asasi manusia. Ketentuan pasal 28G ayat (2) konstitusi indonesia menyatakan bahwa “setiap orang berhak untuk bebas dari penyiksaan dan perlakuan yang merendahkan derajat martabat manusia”. Pelaksanaan hukum kebiri kimia hanya berorientasi pada pembalasan yang bisa membuat pelaku kehilangan kepercayaan diri untuk berkumpul kembali dengan masyarakat. Hukum kebiri kimia tidak sejalan dengan tujuan dari hukum pidana yaitu adanya pemeliharaan solidaritas masyarakat.Kata Kunci:Kebiri Kimia; kejahatan seksual ;Hak Asasi Manusia;
ANALISIS POLITIK HUKUM DALAM SISTEM PENDIDIKAN: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Khoiri Ach.
Published: August 2024

Masalah politik hukum Sistem Pendidikan di Pamekasan merupakan produk dari kepentingan politik penguasa, karena itu mereka menggunakannya sebagai alat kekuasaan. Pendidikan sebagai subsistem negara memiliki fungsi sebagai pemasok orang berpendidikan, dapat berhasil dalam pembangunan. Di Pamekasan ini, realitas masalah dalam pendidikan tidak dapat dipisahkan dari upaya untuk mendapatkan otoritas. Oleh karena itu, sektor pendidikan adalah media untuk keberhasilan kebijakan untuk mencapai tujuan dan aspirasi utama kepemimpinannya.Kata Kunci: politik hukum, pendidikan, Pamekasan.
DINAMIKA JUDICIAL REVIEW PERATURAN PEMERINTAH PENGGANTI UNDANG-UNDANG (PERPPU) OLEH MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI
Authors: Islahuddin Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Dalam penelitian ini, penulis mengambil judul Dinamika Judicial Review Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (PERPPU) oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penulisan ini adalah apakah Mahkamah Konstitusi berwenang melakukan judicial review terhadap Perppu. Adapun tujuan penelitian dari penulisan ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji wewenang Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam melakukan judicial review terhadap Perppu. Jenis penelitian yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan politik hukum. Data yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian iniberupa data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Penelitian hukum menggunakan metode berfikir deduktif, yang berarti suatu metode berpikir yang dimulai dan diawali dari proposisi yang bersifat umum yang telah diakui kebenarannya dan diakhiri dengansuatu kesimpulan khusus. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Mahkamah Konstitusi berwenang menguji Perpu dengan beberapa alasan. Bertitik tolak dari penafsiran sosiologis dan teleologis, bahwa Perpu akan sangat mungkin materi muatannya bertentangan dengan UUD NRI 1945 atau melanggar hak-hak rakyat, tanpa bisa diuji sebelum dibahas oleh DPR, maka sebaiknya Mahkamah Konstitusi dapat melakukan judicial review Perpu. Judicial review Perpu oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi juga dalam rangka menegakkan prinsip negara hukum Indonesia dan supremasi konstitusi. Sejalan dengan kesimpulan di atas, sebaiknya lembaga pembuat Undang-Undang dalam hal ini DPR dan Presiden segera mengisi kekosongan hukum terkait judicial review Perpu oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Kata kunci: Judial review, Perppu, Mahkamah Konstitusi
KEABSAHAN PUTUSAN HUKUM BAWASLU DALAM MENANGANI PELANGGARAN PEMILU
Authors: Mushafi Mushafi , Budiarso Ragil , Rofiqi Muhammad
Published: August 2024

This study will discuss the validity of the Bawaslu's decision on election violations. Because, according to preliminary findings, with the issuance of Law No. 7 of 2017 the position of Bawaslu is stronger. In this Law, Bawaslu in handling election disputes can not only provide recommendations to the KPU but also provide or make decisions that must be implemented by the parties. This means that Bawaslu currently has broader authority in handling election cases such as administrative violations and other violations. Then how is the validity of the legal decision from the Bawaslu? The method used in this research is in the category of normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach.Keywords: Legislation, Bawalu Decisions, Election Violation
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK-HAK MASYARAKAT DESA DALAM KAJIAN TERHADAP UU NO. 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA
Authors: Miftah Mushafi , Rif’ah Emi Badriatur , Ilmiah Fitayatul
Published: August 2024

This research examines legal protection for the rights of village communities. The focus of this study is Law no. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. The type of research method that will be used in this research is in the category of normative legal research. Because normative research mainly uses library materials as a source of research data. or also called (Library research), a method used to collect data from various literature. This research approach is a conceptual approach and conceptual approach. The results of this research state that, firstly, the rights of village communities are an authority or power granted by law. An interest that is protected by law, both private and public, secondly legal protection, the village government has the obligation to fulfill the rights that have been regulated in the Village Law. However, what is not regulated in the Village Law is the regulation of legal protection if these rights are not granted, resulting in legal uncertainty.
EVALUASI PENERAPAN LAYANAN APLIKASI REAKSI ATAS BERITA WARGA (RABEG) DI KOTA SERANG PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Febratama Daffa , Sartika Ika , Nurrahman Agung
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penerapan layanan aplikasi RABEG oleh Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kota Serang. Adapun dengan adanya penerapan electronic-government (e-Gov) Pemerintah Kota Serang melalui Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kota Serang telah meluncurkan aplikasi RABEG (Reaksi Atas Berita Warga) sebagai sarana pengaduan masyarakat dalam memajukan Kota Serang. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori model Sistem Informasi menurut O’Brien (Sumber Daya Manusia, Perangkat Keras, Perangkat Lunak, Data dan Jaringan Komunikasi). Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Dalam menguji keabsahan data, menggunakan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Layanan Aplikasi RABEG belum berjalan dengan optimal, dikarenakan kurang responsif nya operator dalam merespon pertanyaan dan menindaklanjuti keluhan, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana, kurangnya sarjana komputer dan kurang akses jaringan internet yang menyeluruh dalam menerapkan layanan aplikasi RABEG. Rekomendasi peneliti yaitu diberlakukannya sanksi bagi operator yang lamban merespon keluhan warga, perlu dilakukan pengajuan tenaga dengan kompetensi dan keahlian di bidang komputer khususnya sarjana komputer. Selain itu perlu menambah sarana dan prasarana seperti komputer dan jaringan internet. Perlu meningkatkan software aplikasi sehingga masyarakat dapat dengan mudah menggunakan layanan aduan aplikasi RABEG.
Kata kunci; Evaluasi, Aduan, Aplikasi RABEG.
PARTISIPASI POLITIK MASYARAKAT DALAM PILKADA TAHUN 2020 DI KOTA BALIKPAPAN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Santoso Albert Hernando , Mulyana Mulyana
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh jumlah partisipasi politik masyarakat dalam Pilkada Tahun 2020 di Kota Balikpapan yang termasuk kategori belum optimal, karena dari total 443.243 orang yang masuk ke dalam daftar pemilih, hanya sebanyak 266.536 orang menggunakan hak pilihnya atau hanya 59%. . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis rendahnya partisipasi politik masyarakat dan juga faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat partisipasi politik masyarakat dalam Pilkada Tahun 2020 di Kota Balikpapan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif, serta menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teori yang digunakan adalah bentuk partisipasi politik menurut Mas’oed dan Mac Andrew. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan penulis, terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi politik masyarakat dalam Pilkada Tahun 2020 di Kota Balikpapan, yaitu 1) Faktor politik, dimana masyarakat kecewa karena dibatasi oleh calon tunggal dan berasumsi terpilihnya Kepala Daerah tidak akan berdampak bagi mereka, Faktor Pandemi covid-18 yang memaksa masyarakat tidak hadir dalam pelaksanaan Pilakada, dan 3) Faktor Sosialisasi, kurangnya inovasi KPU Kota Balikpapan dalam kegiatan sosialisasi dimasa pandemi. Penulis menyarankan hendaknya pemerintah mengubah pola pikir dan menambah kepercayaan masyarakat untuk lebih aktif dalam berpartisipasi terutama dalam memilih. Memaksimalkan pendidikan politik dan kesadaran akan pentingnya kegiatan Pilkada. Pemerintah juga disarankan untuk berinovasi terutama dimasa pandemi ini dengan cara menambah program-program dalam melakukan sosialisasi Pilkada melalui media sosial/online dimasa yang akan datang.
Kata kunci; Partisipasi Politik, Pemilihan Kepala Daerah, PILKADA.
Inquiry-Based Science Education: Perspectives from Namibian Teachers
Authors: Shivolo Tomas , Omari Mokiwa Hamza
Published: August 2024

In the evolving landscape of secondary school science education in Namibia, there is a growing shift from traditional rote-learning methodologies toward inquiry-based instruction and practical work to foster deeper learner engagement and critical thinking skills. This study, utilizing a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach, investigates the perceptions and practices of Namibian secondary school teachers regarding the implementation of inquiry-based science education. Despite the national curriculum's strong endorsement of learner-centered approaches, findings indicate a discrepancy between policy aspirations and classroom realities. Many teachers continue to rely on traditional methods due to persistent challenges such as inadequate resources, insufficient professional development, and entrenched instructional habits. However, those teachers who have adopted inquiry-based strategies report enhanced student engagement and a more profound understanding of scientific concepts among learners. This paper underscores the necessity for targeted professional development and resource allocation to bridge the gap between educational policy and practice, ultimately aiming to enrich science education through effective inquiry-based learning environments.
Unveiling the Power of Educational Mathematics Applications as Formative Assessment Tools: A Multiple Case Study
Authors: Luzano Jay Fie Paler , G. Nallada Jayson , Russ B. Hulagpos Daniel , John Rey C. Damasco John
Published: August 2024

This study explored the experiences of the second-year students of Bukidnon State University on their utilization of Symbolab and Photomath applications as formative assessment tools in their calculus studies. This study utilized the data source triangulation method in collecting data based on interviews, observation of interaction, and document analysis (Carter, Bryant-Lukosius, DiCenso, Blythe & Neville, 2014). The data were collected through face-to-face and virtual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis. Findings revealed four (4) themes: (1) Learning Support in Mathematics, (2) Ethical Use of Math Applications, (3) User-Friendly Math Application Features, and (4) Accessibility and Inclusivity of Math Applications. This study recommends that students and teachers are urged to actively utilize these two (2) applications to enrich their learning experiences and expertise in calculus respectively.
Enhancing Students' Scientific Argumentation Skills through STEM-Based Problem Based Learning
Authors: Muspiroh Novianti , Shofiyah Shofiyah , Nada Shofwatun , Kusmawan Udan
Published: August 2024

This study examines the efficacy of STEM-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) in enhancing scientific argumentation skills among students, focusing on respiratory system material. Employing a Quasi-Experimental Design, this research involved tests, observations, and questionnaires to assess the changes in students' scientific argumentation abilities. The study enrolled students from two classes, utilizing a purposive sampling technique to ensure comparability. Results indicated a significant improvement in students' scientific argumentation skills, with average scores increasing from 81.57% in the first meeting to 86.14% in the second meeting, categorized as very good. Additionally, statistical analysis revealed a notable difference between the experimental and control groups, with a p-value less than 0.05, confirming the effectiveness of the STEM-based PBL approach. The study suggests that integrating STEM into PBL can significantly enhance students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills, recommending wider application in educational settings to better prepare students for complex scientific challenges.
Analisis Kemampuan Produksi Auksin dari Bakteri Endofit dan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) dalam Akar Cabai Merah Keriting (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Maulida Nurdalila , Rahmawati Arrum , Dewi Tirta Kumala , Simarmata Rumella , Widowati Tiwit , Kartika Titik , Guswenrivo Ikhsan , Nugroho Deddy Triyono , Supriatna Ateng
Published: August 2024

Bakteri endofit yang terdapat dalam akar, batang, dan daun tanaman memiliki potensi sebagai agen biokontrol dan pendorong perkembangan tanaman, selain itu dalam akar tanaman juga terdapat plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) dengan kemampuan yang sama. Konsorsium kedua bakteri tersebut akan menghasilkan senyawa Indol 3 asam asetat (IAA) yang selanjutnya dirubah menjadi auksin yang menguntungkan bagi tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan bakteri endofit dan PGPR dari akar tumbuhan cabai merah keriting dalam memproduksi hormon auksin. Prosedur kerja penelitian meliputi peremajaan isolat bakteri, karakteristik makroskopik dan mikroskopik, mengukur kadar auksin menggunakan HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari konsorsium 6 bakteri (3 endofit dan 3 PGPR) menghasilkan konsentrasi auksin sebesar 46,122 ppm, konsorsium bakteri endofit sebesar 24,201 ppm, konsorsium bakteri PGPR sebesar 162,723 ppm, dan terakhir single bakteri endofit  dan single bakteri PGPR menghasilkan auksin sebesar A 158,913 ppm; B  64,882 ppm; C  93,923 ppm; CB1  240,817 ppm; CB2  186,807  ppm; dan CMBC 11,689 ppm, sedangkan untuk kontrol 0 ppm. Kesimpulannya konsentrasi auksin tertinggi diperoleh dari hasil single bakteri PGPR CB1 240,817 ppm.
OPTIMALISASI KETERJANGKAUAN LAYANAN BANK SAMPAH DI WILAYAH KELURAHAN KEBAGUSAN KOTA ADMINISTRASI JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Primasmada Danny , Widyawati Laili Fuji , Yohan Mohamad , Aryaguna Prama Ardha , Suryandari Ratnawati
Published: August 2024

Jakarta sebagai Ibukota Negara Indonesia yang tidak terlepas dari permasalahan persampahan. Persoalan persampahan di DKI Jakarta seperti tidak ada habisnya, hal ini terjadi karena adanya peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan jumlah kontribusi sampah serta jenisnya, salah satunya sampah kemasan yang sangat mendominasi dan juga sulit untuk terurai secara alami serta berujung pada semakin bertambahnya volume sampah yang dihasilkan oleh masyarakat. Berdasarkan informasi data yang telah diperoleh melalui Satuan Pelaksana Lingkungan Hidup Kecamatan Pasar Minggu Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan, di Kecamatan Pasar Minggu Jakarta Selatan terdapat 7 (tujuh) Kelurahan salah satunya Kelurahan Kebagusan dimana volume sampah yang terdapat di Kelurahan Kebagusan mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya dan mencapai kurang lebih 20 ton/hari. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk menganalisis jangkauan optimal bank sampah di Kelurahan Kebagusan secara spasial, dengan metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu Buffering dan perhitungan daya jangkau pelayanan (Isoline). Hasil daya jangkauan pelayanan bank sampah terluas yaitu Bank Sampah Flamboyan yang berlokasi di RW 02, sementara daya jangkauan pelayanan terkecil yakni Bank Sampah Durian di RT 003/08. Kemudian dilakukan penentuan rata-rata jangkauan maksimum pelayanan. Hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh jumlah rata-rata jangkau pelayanan maksimum yakni sejauh 569 meter yang dijadikan standar jangkauan optimal pelayanan bank sampah di wilayah Kelurahan Kebagusan. Selain itu, hasil daya jangkau pelayanan yang diperoleh telah ditemukan 3 klasifikasi pelayanan bank sampah di wilayah kelurahan kebagusan.
AI-litteracitet i teknikundervisning
Authors: Stolpe Karin
Published: August 2024

Artificiell intelligens finns idag i våra egna och i elevernas mobiltelefoner, integrerat i appar som Spotify och SnapChat och i form av generativ AI som exempelvis ChatGPT. Tillgången till AI påverkar vilken information vi tar del av och hur vi tar del av den. Utvecklingen kan verka både spännande och skrämmande, men oavsett vilket måste vi rusta oss själva och våra elever med kunskaper om AI och förhållningssätt som leder till klok användning. I den här artikeln presenterar jag ett ramverk för hur AI-litteracitet kan bli ett innehåll i teknikämnet.
When we talk about time, we mean many different things: employing visual mapping to think through more-than-human temporalities in participatory design
Authors: Zohar Hadas , Simeone Luca , de Götzen Amalia , Morelli Nicola
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the scope of participatory design has broadened to encompass perspectives and approaches beyond the human realm. This expansion requires considering multiple aspects to fully capture ‘more-than-humans’ diversity and concerns. One approach to tackle this multifaceted challenge is by examining it through the lens of time. However, the temporal dynamics of more-than-human entities remain relatively unexplored within participatory design. This paper investigates the potential of visual mapping to aid stakeholders engaged in participatory design processes that incorporate more-than-human perspectives in navigating the complex dimensions of more-than-human time. The findings demonstrate how visual mapping can facilitate thinking beyond linearity, developing awareness of workshop-related temporality, making time concrete, understanding the ‘far lense’ through the ‘near lense’, comprehending time’s relationality, unfolding time and considering multiple timespans simultaneously. Based on these findings, the paper suggests that visual mapping can help understand more-than-human temporalities in participatory design by thinking through them as a reflective practice.
Oral theophylline corrects sinus node dysfunction in acute on chronic lithium toxicity: case report and systematic review of lithium-induced Sinus node dysfunction
Authors: Henson J. Curran , Morehead Lauren , Hagood Joshua , Wijewardane Niroshi , Paydak Hakan
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Lithium is a well-known agent to cause systemic toxicity with its narrow therapeutic window. Toxic cardiac effects are known but seldomly reported and can manifest as sinus node dysfunction (SND) ranging from delayed conduction to sinus arrest with the potential to induce asystole. Theophylline a positive chronotropic agent has been previously used for correction of sinus node dysfunction but never been utilized for the correction of lithium-induced SND. We report the first successful use of Theophylline for rate/rhythm correction of SND in a patient presenting with acute lithium toxicity along with a review summarizing the clinical features of all published literature regarding lithium-induced SND.

Methods

Case report and systematic review of the literature are presented. Three independent scientific databases were queried for reports of lithium-induced SND. A clinical compendium was then generated detailing associated clinical data and descriptive statistics were performed.

Results

1,117 reports were initially retrieved with full-text review yielding a cohort of 49 unique, independent studies. (61.4%) of patients presented with a supratherapeutic lithium level, 12 (21.1%) were normotherapeutic, and 11 (19.3%) were subtherapeutic. EKG findings varied but most commonly described sinus node dysfunction with a variable degree of sinoatrial block with sinus bradycardia (54.39%) and sinus arrest (29.82%) predominating. Twelve patients (21.1%) required inotrope or vasopressor support. 10 (17.5%) of patient required temporary pacing while 7 (12.3%) required permanent pacemaker implantation. In the majority of cases no significant permanent sequelae were reported as 50 (87.7%) patients recovered, 2 (3.5%) patients had persistent sinus node dysfunction, and 2 (3.5%) patients expired as a result of acute lithium toxicity.

Discussion & conclusion

In this review we report the most up-to-date and comprehensive clinical compendium of lithium-associated sinus node dysfunction along with describing a novel treatment methodology to rapidly correct lithium-induced cardiac toxicity in a patient with long-standing bipolar disorder on chronic lithium treatment. We have reviewed the available literature and provide a comprehensive summary detailing symptomatology of presentation, treatments utilized, electrocardiographic findings and patient prognoses. We have concluded that under the presumptive conditions that transient sinus node dysfunction will resolve with elimination of toxic concentrations of lithium, temporary chronotropic support provided by theophylline administration would be preferable to more invasive measures such as hemodialysis, temporary pacing, or implantation of a permanent pacemaker.
Recurrent ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure induced by osimertinib- a case report
Authors: Luo Jiangying , Zhou Boda , Yang Jing , Qian Hao , Zhao Yutong , She Fei , Liu Fang , Zhang Ping
Published: August 2024

Background

Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has become the first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutations, with the potential risk of QT prolongation and heart failure. However, few cases have reported malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Here, we report a case of recurrent ventricular fibrillation (VF) and Torsade de Pointes (TdP) secondary to QT prolongation and heart failure induced by osimertinib.

Case summary

A 70-year-old woman presented with chest tightness and dyspnea for 1 week and ventricular fibrillation upon admission, with a medical history of lung adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR exon 21 p.L858R mutation. She was under osimertinib for 3 months. Electrocardiography after defibrillation suggested QTc prolongation (655 ms) and T wave alternans. Ultrasound cardiography displayed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 29% and severe mitral regurgitation. Laboratory tests indicated elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and hypokalemia. Genetic testing suggested no pathogenic mutations. We considered acquired long QT syndrome and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction induced by osimertinib as the chief causes of ventricular arrhythmia and hypokalemia as an important trigger. Despite intubation, sedation, and the administration intravenous magnesium and potassium and lidocaine, the patient presented with recurrent TdP, which was managed by a low dose of isoproterenol (ISO, 0.17 ug/min). An implantable cardioverter defibrillator was declined. The patient is surviving without any relapse, with QTc of 490 ms and LVEF of 42% after a 6-month follow up.

Conclusion

Regular monitoring is required during osimertinib administration, considering the risk of life-threatening cardiac events, such as malignant arrhythmias and heart failure. ISO, with an individual dose and target heart rate, may be beneficial for terminating TdP during poor response to other therapies.
The effect of supervisors’ ethical leadership on graduate students’ academic procrastination in China: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Wu Wenhao , Kulophas Dhirapat , Xupravati Penvara
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Academic procrastination is a pervasive challenge among graduate students that undermines their academic excellence and career advancement while compromising the effectiveness and quality of university academic environments. To address this issue, it is crucial to explore its antecedents. This research investigates the impact of supervisors’ ethical leadership on graduate students’ academic procrastination, employing social learning theory to construct a moderated mediation model.

Methods

A comprehensive dataset was gathered from 338 graduate students using a three-stage time-lagged method, which ensured the robustness of the empirical analysis. The research utilized a moderated mediation model to examine the relations between supervisors’ ethical leadership, graduate students’ followership, academic interests, and academic procrastination.

Results

The analysis revealed a significant negative effect of supervisors’ ethical leadership on graduate students’ academic procrastination, with this relation mediated by graduate students’ followership. Furthermore, graduate students’ academic interests moderated the relation between followership and academic procrastination, as well as the effect of supervisors’ ethical leadership on academic procrastination through the mediation of followership.

Discussion

The findings offer valuable insights into the factors shaping graduate students’ academic behaviors and provide practical guidance for enhancing their academic success and fostering positive academic environments in universities.
Overfeeding in the early postnatal period aggravates inflammation and hepatic insulin sensitivity in the 5α-dihydrotestosterone-induced animal model of PCOS
Authors: Veličković Nataša , Mićić Bojana , Teofilović Ana , Milovanovic Milena , Jovanović Mirna , Djordjevic Ana , Macut Djuro , Vojnović Milutinović Danijela
Published: August 2024

Background

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age and is closely associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. To clarify the contribution of prepubertal weight gain to the development of insulin resistance in PCOS, we investigated the effects of early postnatal overfeeding on inflammatory and energy-sensing pathways as well as on markers of insulin signaling in the liver of the PCOS rat model.

Methods

Obesity induced by overfeeding was achieved by reducing litter size, while the PCOS-like condition was developed by treatment with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Western blot and qPCR were used to analyze the expression of pro-inflammatory transcription factors and cytokines, as well as markers of the energy sensing and insulin signaling pathways.

Results

The results showed that hepatic insulin sensitivity was impaired only in DHT-treated rats raised in small litters, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of IRS1 on Ser307 and decreased expression of total IRS1. Postnatal overfeeding stimulated JNK1 activation independent of hyperandrogenemia; nevertheless, the synergistic effect of both factors triggered NLRP3 activation and increased IL1β expression in the small litter DHT-treated group. This pro-inflammatory state was accompanied by decreased activatory phosphorylation of AMPK and reduced levels of its protein targets.

Conclusions

Overfeeding in the early postnatal period leads to a decrease in hepatic insulin sensitivity in the rat model of PCOS, which is associated with decreased activation of AMPK and stimulation of the hepatic NLRP3-IL1β signaling pathway. Accordingly, the inhibition of NLRP3 activation could provide a basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
Causal relationship between genetically predicted uterine leiomyoma and cancer risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization
Authors: Zhao Chenyang , Shang Anquan , Wu Han , Li Qiong , Peng Lixiu , Yue Chaoyan
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Studies have demonstrated that hormonal imbalance, such as elevated level of estrogen or reduced level of progesterone, was the main inducing factor of uterine leiomyoma (UL) development and some cancers. UL has been reported to be associated with several cancers in observational studies. However, the causal associations between UL and cancers remain unclear.

Methods

A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to investigate the causal associations between UL and 16 site-specific cancers using the public databases. Four methods, namely, the inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode, were applied in our MR analysis. Sensitivity tests were also performed to evaluate the robustness of these causal associations.

Results

The IVW analysis indicated that genetically predicted UL increased the risk of low malignant potential ovarian cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.40, p = 0.004], serous ovarian cancer (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10–1.52, p = 0.002), invasive mucinous ovarian cancer (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.08–1.44, p = 0.003), clear cell ovarian cancer (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.03–1.51, p = 0.023), breast cancer (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02–1.11, p = 0.002), and brain tumor (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06–1.42, p = 0.007). Conversely, genetically predicted UL reduced the risk of gastric cancer (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85–0.98, p = 0.008). The causal effects were consistent in the sensitivity analysis.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated that UL exhibits a causal relationship with high risk of several cancers. We suggest reinforcing the cancer screening in UL patients to enable the early detection of cancers.
Research on the heat transfer model of double U-pipe ground heat exchanger based on in-situ testing
Authors: Wang Ruifeng , Shi Mingchuan , Zhu Ke , Yu Jun , Ren Wei , Yan Guohong , Yin Zhiqiang , Gao Shujie
Published: August 2024

The Double U-pipe ground heat exchanger, known for its simple process, cost-effectiveness, high heat exchange efficiency, and low thermal resistance, remains the predominant type of ground heat exchanger in today’s shallow geothermal energy development and utilization. In recent years, significant research has focused on the factors influencing heat transfer and the heat exchange performance of Double U-pipe ground heat exchangers through experimental testing methods. However, studies that integrate numerical simulation with in situ testing have been less common. Utilizing the cylindrical heat source model theory and the results of regional in situ thermal response tests, this paper develops a Double U-pipe ground heat transfer model by establishing physical, mathematical, and heat transfer geometric models. It evaluates the effects of varying inlet temperatures, flow rates, and initial ground temperatures on heat exchange efficiency under heating conditions. The results confirm the accuracy of the Double U-pipe ground heat exchanger model based on in situ testing. They indicate that increasing the temperature differential between the inlet and initial temperatures, raising the initial ground temperature, and moderately enhancing the flow rate can improve the system’s heat exchange efficiency.
Regulation of salinity to inhibit 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin: Insights from spatial-scale research in coastal areas of China
Authors: Chen Xi , Li Zhonghua , Xu Huimin , Qiu Liping , Fan Limin , Meng Shunlong , Gao Zexia , Song Chao
Published: August 2024

Drinking water quality and the commercial value of aquatic items are both significantly impacted by odor molecules like 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin (GSM). Many investigations have been conducted to identify the microorganisms involved in the synthesis of 2-MIB and GSM. However, few studies have attempted to identify potential degradation factors in the natural environment. Here, pathway analysis of the relationship between water quality parameters and the distribution of odor compounds in water bodies led to a more significant connection (p < 0.05) between total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, and salinity in water bodies for the distribution of their odor compounds. Salinity among them exhibited the strongest connection and had a direct impact. The establishment of a larger spatial scale statistical research method, mainly using the water environment with different salinities formed in different geographical areas, and the distribution of odor compounds in this water body as a research vehicle helped to find the most concise relationship between the two variables. The results show that the concentration of odor compounds is lower in waters with higher salinity, which proves the negative correlation between the two. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for solving the problem of odorous pollutants in water bodies, with the aim of improving the utilization of water resources more effectively and, secondly, leading to a new guiding direction for the conservation and exploitation of impact plains and mudflats.
Effects of preseason climate change on spring and summer phenological shifts in Inner Mongolian grasslands
Authors: Nie Zexu , Wang Chao , Zhang Na
Published: August 2024

Grassland vegetation phenology has undergone great changes under the influence of climate, which affects ecosystem functions and services. However, the mechanism of preseason climatic factors in driving phenological shifts is unclear. In this study, we determined the start (SOS) and peak (POS) of the growing season for Inner Mongolian grasslands using gross primary productivity data (2000–2018). We investigated the spatiotemporal changes of SOS and POS and elucidated the mechanisms behind these changes by analyzing how these phenological events were influenced by the specific preseason climatic requirements (precipitation, air temperature, and solar radiation). Our results revealed that the SOS significantly advanced at a rate of 0.65 days/a, while the POS was stable across the study area. At the pixel scale, areas with initially later SOS and POS exhibited stronger advanced trends. An earlier SOS and POS were associated with lower thermal requirements, including air temperature and solar radiation. Conversely, a delayed SOS and POS necessitated higher climatic requirements. The impact of preseason precipitation on both SOS and POS demonstrated notable spatial variability. Moreover, the effects of different climatic factors on phenology were not in sync due to regional environmental disparities. Our study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying phenological shifts in grassland ecosystems under climate change.
Genetically predicted HLA-DR+ natural killer cells as potential mediators in the lipid-coronary artery disease/ calcification (CAD/CAC) causal pathway
Authors: Qian Dingding , Zhang Haoyue , Liu Rong , Ye Honghua
Published: August 2024

Background

Coronary artery disease (CAD) imposes a significant global health burden, necessitating a deeper comprehension of its genetic foundations to uncover innovative therapeutic targets. Employing a comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we aimed to explore the genetic associations between lipid profiles, immune cell phenotypes, and CAD risk.

Methods

Utilizing data from recent large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we scrutinized 179 lipid and 731 immune cell phenotypes to delineate their genetic contributions to CAD pathogenesis, including coronary artery calcification (CAC). Moreover, specific immune cell phenotypes were examined as potential mediators of the lipid-CAD/CAC causal pathway.

Results

Among the 162 lipid species with qualified instrumental variables (IVs) included in the analysis, we identified 36 lipids that exhibit a genetic causal relationship with CAD, with 29 being risk factors and 7 serving as protective factors. Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:0_20:4) with 8 IVs (OR, 95% CI, P-value: 1.04, 1.02-1.06, 1.50E-04) met the Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold (0.05/162 = 3.09E-04). Notably, all 18 shared lipids were determined to be risk factors for both CAD and CAC, including 16 triacylglycerol traits (15 of which had ≥ 3 IVs), with (50:1) exhibiting the highest risk [OR (95% CI) in CAC: 1.428 (1.129-1.807); OR (95% CI) in CAD: 1.119 (1.046-1.198)], and 2 diacylglycerol traits. Furthermore, we identified HLA DR+ natural killer cells (IVs = 3) as nominally significant with lipids and as potential mediators in the causal pathway between diacylglycerol (16:1_18:1) or various triacylglycerols and CAD (mediated effect: 0.007 to 0.013).

Conclusions

This study provides preliminary insights into the genetic correlations between lipid metabolism, immune cell dynamics, and CAD susceptibility, highlighting the potential involvement of natural killer cells in the lipid-CAD/CAC causal pathway and suggesting new targets for therapy. Further evidence is necessary to substantiate our findings.
MVA-based vaccine candidates expressing SARS-CoV-2 prefusion-stabilized spike proteins of the Wuhan, Beta or Omicron BA.1 variants protect transgenic K18-hACE2 mice against Omicron infection and elicit robust and broad specific humoral and cellular immune responses
Authors: Pérez Patricia , Astorgano David , Albericio Guillermo , Flores Sara , Sánchez-Corzo Cristina , Noriega María A. , Sánchez-Cordón Pedro J. , Labiod Nuria , Delgado Rafael , Casasnovas José M. , Esteban Mariano , García-Arriaza Juan
Published: August 2024

Despite the decrease in mortality and morbidity due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the incidence of infections due to Omicron subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 remains high. The mutations acquired by these subvariants, mainly concentrated in the receptor-binding domain (RBD), have caused a shift in infectivity and transmissibility, leading to a loss of effectiveness of the first authorized COVID-19 vaccines, among other reasons, by neutralizing antibody evasion. Hence, the generation of new vaccine candidates adapted to Omicron subvariants is of special interest in an effort to overcome this immune evasion. Here, an optimized COVID-19 vaccine candidate, termed MVA-S(3P_BA.1), was developed using a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a full-length prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein from the Omicron BA.1 variant. The immunogenicity and efficacy induced by MVA-S(3P_BA.1) were evaluated in mice in a head-to-head comparison with the previously generated vaccine candidates MVA-S(3P) and MVA-S(3Pbeta), which express prefusion-stabilized S proteins from Wuhan strain and Beta variant, respectively, and with a bivalent vaccine candidate composed of a combination of MVA-S(3P) and MVA-S(3P_BA.1). The results showed that all four vaccine candidates elicited, after a single intramuscular dose, protection of transgenic K18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1, reducing viral loads, histopathological lesions, and levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs. They also elicited anti-S IgG and neutralizing antibodies against various Omicron subvariants, with MVA-S(3P_BA.1) and the bivalent vaccine candidate inducing higher titers. Additionally, an intranasal immunization in C57BL/6 mice with all four vaccine candidates induced systemic and mucosal S-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell and humoral immune responses, and the bivalent vaccine candidate induced broader immune responses, eliciting antibodies against the ancestral Wuhan strain and different Omicron subvariants. These results highlight the use of MVA as a potent and adaptable vaccine vector against new emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, as well as the promising feature of combining multivalent MVA vaccine candidates.