bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CELL MOTILITY PROTEINS IN ENDOMETRIUM CARCINOMA AND ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA: ASSOCIATION WITH CANCER RISK
Authors: Yunusova N. V. , Spirina L. V. , Chernyshova A. L. , Kolegova E. S. , Sidenko E. A. , Kolomiets L. A. , Kondakova I. V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Proteins associated with cellular motility are known to play an important role in invasion and metastasis of cancer, however there is no evidence of their association with the development of malignant tumors including endometrial cancer (EC).

The aim of the present study was to investigate the levels of actin-binding proteins, p45-Ser-β-catenin, and calpain activity in endometrial hyperplasia and in EC.

Material and Methods. Total calpain activity, p45-Ser β-catenin, Arp3, gelsolin, cofillin and thymosin β-4 levels were evaluated in 43 postmenopausal patients with stage I–II endometrioid EC and 40 endometrial hyperplasia patients. Flow cytometry and Western blotting were used for expression determination of p45 Ser β-catenin and actin-biding proteins. Total calpain activity was estimated by fluorimetric method.

Results. Levels of cofilin-1, thymosin β-4 and calpain activity were higher in cancer tissues than in endometrial hyperplasia. Cofilin-1 and thymosin β-4 levels were associated with the depth of myometrial invasion. The thymosin β-4 expression was correlated with the presence of tumor cervical invasion. Revealed correlations between the actin-binding proteins, p45-Ser-β-catenin and total calpain activity in endometrial hyperplasia tissue, but not in the tissue of cancer, is evidence of the involvement of these proteases in regulation of cell migration in endometrial hyperplasia. Levels of thymosin β-4, cofilin and total calpain activity are independent cancer risk factors in patients with endometrial hyperplasia.

Conclusion. The level of actin-binding proteins as well as the total calpain activity were enhanced in endometrium carcinoma tissues compared to endometrial hyperplasia. The levels of thymosinβ-4, cofilin and total calpain activity in endometrial hyperplasia tissues are associated with a hyperplasia transition to cancer and may be considered as predictive biomarkers.
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences’ Performance Report for 2019
Authors: Zulkapli Nour Azimah , Abdullah Jafri Malin
Published: October 2020

Once a year, we report the Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS)’ performance as a journal, along with important changes in the administration and achievements of the journal itself. We report here its submission trends, rejection rates, manuscripts accepted based on submitting country/region and impact factor scores for calendar year 2019.
Acquiring Advanced Laparoscopic Colectomy Skills – The Issues
Authors: Amin-Tai Hizami , Elnaim Abdel Latif Khalifa , Wong Michael Pak Kai , Sagap Ismail
Published: October 2020

Colorectal surgery has been revolutionised towards minimally invasive surgery with the emergence of enhanced recovery protocol after surgery initiatives. However, laparoscopic colectomy has yet to be widely adopted, due mainly to the steep learning curve. We aim to review and discuss the methods of overcoming these learning curves by accelerating the competency level of the trainees without compromising patient safety. To provide this mini review, we assessed 70 articles in PubMed that were found through a search comprised the keywords laparoscopic colectomy, minimal invasive colectomy, learning curve and surgical education. We found England’s Laparoscopic Colorectal National Training Programme (LAPCO-NTP) England to be by far the most structured programme established for colorectal surgeons, which involves preclinical and clinical phases that end with an assessment. For budding colorectal trainees, learning may be accelerated by simulator-based training to achieve laparoscopic dexterity coupled with an in-theatre proctorship by field experts. Task-specific checklists and video recordings are essential adjuncts to gauge progress and performance. As competency is established, careful case selections with the proctor are essential to maintain motivation and ensure safe performances. A structured programme to establish competency is vital to help both the proctor and trainee gauge real-time progress and performance. However, training systems both inside and outside the operating theatre (OT) are equally useful to achieve the desired performance.
Pre-operative Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy Characterisation of Kidney Stones with Second-Generation Dual-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography
Authors: Mohd Ali DK Mella , Mahmud Mohd Hafizi , Mohamad Noor Shafini
Published: October 2020

Background: The current clinical practice to manage kidney stone requires knowledge of the stone composition. However, it is often difficult to determine the actual stone composition before a stone is operatively removed from the patient. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) can predict urinary stone composition, but it is not widely adopted. The purpose of the study was to investigate the use of a second-generation DECT with tin or stannum (Sn) filter for characterising the kidney stones composition.

Methods: Thirty-three kidney stones were scanned ex vivo using a dual-source (DS)DECT scanner with dual-energy (DE) mode of 80/140 kVp with and without 4 mm Sn filtration. DE ratio was calculated to determine the kidney stones composition (uric acid, calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and cystine). The median DE ratio of the stones was compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test and the results were further correlated with semi-quantitative Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis using Kendall’s Tau test with P < 0.05 deemed to be statistically significant.

Results: Second-generation DS-DECT could significantly discriminate the stones composition with and without Sn filtration (P < 0.001). The median DE ratio of uric acid, calcium oxalate and cystine stones were significantly higher with Sn filtration than those without filtration (P < 0.05). DECT results revealed significant correlation with FTIR spectroscopy analysis (r = 0.716, P < 0.001). DECT with Sn filtration showed increased performance (100% sensitivity, 0% specificity) than those without filtration (48.5% sensitivity, 0% specificity) in the detection of the kidney stone subtypes.

Conclusion: In the second-generation DECT with additional Sn filtration, DECT has shown a significant performance in characterising and discriminating the kidney stone composition. This may improve diagnostic and therapy management in kidney stones cases.
Universidad Alas Peruanas 10 años de vida institucional
Authors: Lazo Arrasco Jorge
Published: October 2020

NO TIENE
Comentario sobre las universidades privadas en el Perú
Authors: Díaz Bazán Ricardo
Published: October 2020

NO TIENE
Reflexiones sobre la problemática universitaria peruana
Authors: Zevallos Vera Manuel
Published: October 2020

NO TIENE
El derecho de suscripción preferente
Authors: Echaiz Moreno Daniel
Published: October 2020

NO TIENE
El proceso de terminación anticipada en el nuevo Código Procesal Penal Peruano
Authors: Rodríguez Villanueva Liliana
Published: October 2020

NO TIENE
Impact of non-interest income and revenue concentration on bank risk in South Asia
Authors: Imran Hunjra Ahmed , Zureigat Qasim , Tayachi Tahar , Mehmood Rashid
Published: October 2020

Banks not only rely on the traditional way of generating income, they also opt for non-interest income (NII) to survive in a competitive environment. Banks in South Asia are diversifying their income from interest to non-interest sources in order to reduce risk and generate high returns. This study examines the impact of non-interest income (NII) and revenue concentration on banks’ risk in South Asian countries such as Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India and Bangladesh. Panel data for eighty-five banks from 2009 to 2018 is used. Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is employed to analyze the data. The study finds that non-interest source income and revenue concentration significantly affect bank risk in the overall analysis. The study finds different results depending on the regulations and application of the regulatory system in each country. Non-interest income reveals a significant impact on bank risk for Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, but insignificant for Si Lanka. Revenue concentration has a significant effect on bank risk in Pakistan and India, however, it does not affect bank risk in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. This study recommends that bank managers focus on different sources of revenue generation in order to minimize their level of risk through a diversification strategy to enhance efficiency. This study contributes to the banking sector literature of South Asian markets.
Modeling Soil Erosion Vulnerability Using RUSLE: A Case Study Upstream of Nangal Reservoir, India
Authors: Nehra Sunil , Sur Koyel , Verma V. K.
Published: October 2020

Simulation of soil erosion is an important phenomenon in watershed management studies because of the dynamic nature of soil. The present study demonstrates the capabilities of remote sensing coupled with GIS to extract soil erosion vulnerabilities using RUSLE model. Therefore this study understands spatial distribution of soil erosion at a macro-watershed scale. The input parameters for RUSLE model include the rainfall and erosivity (R) derived using the TRMM satellite precipitation product for a long term implementing regression model. The soil erodibility (K) factor is estimated using available soil map, and the topographic factor (LS) from 12m ALOS PALSAR DEM. The management practice information was extracted from the land use / cover map based on 30m multi spectral LANDSAT-8 of three season datasets. The RUSLE model predicted very low, low, moderate, high and very high erosion in 84.8%, 7.9%, 4.4%, 2.3% and 0.7% of reviewed area, respectively. The results were validated with ground infromation and NDVI, being the main identifiers of soil erosion. As presence of high vegetation indicates higher strength to hold the soil particles together and prevent soil erosion, correlation coefficient was generated to find accuracy of the results with NDVI of the area. The strong positive correlation (0.5) provided scientific support that prediction of soil erosion by RUSLE can be effectively used for watershed management and combating action plan for soil erosion.
Contribution of Prominent Mining Engineers to the Development of Coal Industry in the USSR and RSFSR
Authors: Solovenko I. S. , Rozhkov А. А. , Loyko O. T. , Veretennikov A. D.
Published: October 2020

The research featured the contribution of prominent mining engineers to the development of the coal industry of the USSR and Russia. The research objective was to identify innovative results of the outstanding Soviet mining engineers and their influence on the intensification of all processes associated with coal mining. The methodological basis of the study was the theory of modernization. The authors compared scientific, technical, and socio-economic processes at different stages of development of the coal industry. Comparative-historical and problem-chronological research methods helped to reveal the causes and features of the competitive potential of Soviet world-class mining engineers, as well as to identify the origins of the crisis in mining science. The study contributed to a better understanding of the prominent mining engineer phenomenon, revealed its origins, and defined the most important contributions to the development of the coal industry of the USSR and Russia. The research will be of interest for historians of domestic coal industry. It is also valuable experience in formulating the development strategy of the fuel and energy complex. Intensive factors prevailed over extensive ones in the development of the USSR coal industry before the turn of the 1970s–1980s. This was made possible thanks to the intellectual and innovative contribution of prominent mining engineers to the development of fundamental and applied mining knowledge.
Building check dams systems to achieve water resource efficiency: modelling to maximize water and ecosystem conservation benefits
Authors: Gao Yayu , Zhang Xiaoyou , Zhang Xinmin , Li Duan , Yang Min , Rongxiang Hua , Tian Jinhua
Published: October 2020

Among the most widespread structures for successfully retaining water and checking erosion on the semi-arid portions of China's Loess Plateau, check dams retain silt at slower than projected rates, leading to flood control issues. Meanwhile, the shortage and the uneven distribution of time and space of water resources in semi-arid areas can easily cause droughts and floods, which seriously restricted the rapid development of the socioeconomic. However, some of the high-quality rain and flood resources accumulated in the check dams can be used to alleviate part of the water resources crisis instead of causing flood. With the goal of holistically maximizing a projected check dam array's water resource, ecosystem and socioeconomic benefits, a Check Dam Benefit Maximization Model (CDBMM) was first developed. The CDBMM was first applied to the Si Jiagou Basin, and the model showed the total costs represent 7.07% of the total and rather significant benefits. Water resources benefits accounting for 45.40% of the total benefits, indicating that the water resources benefits were substantial and should be considered as the main influencing factors in the basin's ecosystem-friendly design and construction. Use of the CDBMM in watershed planning will allow a more efficient use of water and soil resources and greatly alleviate water crises in the semi-arid area. It can further provide a reference for both check dam system planning and the system benefits analysis.
Research on ecological environment impact assessment based on PSR and cloud theory in Dari county, source of the Yellow River
Authors: Yongqiang Wang , Zhijun Wu , Bo Yan , Kai Li , Feng Huang
Published: October 2020

In order to reasonably evaluate the ecological environment of Dari County in the source region of the Yellow River, the characteristics and actual conditions of Dari County's ecological environment are taken into account, and the principles of representativeness, scientificity, operability and systematicness of index are followed. An evaluation index system is established for Dari County based on the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) conceptual framework. Combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the cloud model, an ecological environment evaluation model for Dari County is established, and the ecological environment of Dari County is quantitatively evaluated. The model organically combines the ambiguity and randomness of the uncertainty concept. It not only describes the ambiguity of the evaluation level with a membership function, but also considers the randomness of the membership itself using the concept of superentropy, which is more in line with the actual evaluation object. The results indicate that the ecological situation of Dari County is in a ‘general’ state that should be urgently protected for sustainable development, and land degradation is the most important factor affecting the ecological environment of Dari County.
A review ofCryptosporidiumspp. and their detection in water
Authors: Hassan Eman M. , Örmeci Banu , DeRosa Maria C. , Dixon Brent R. , Sattar Syed A. , Iqbal Asma
Published: October 2020

Cryptosporidium spp. are one of the most important waterborne pathogens worldwide and a leading cause of mortality from waterborne gastrointestinal diseases. Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in water can be very challenging due to their low numbers and the complexity of the water matrix. This review describes the biology of Cryptosporidium spp. and current methods used in their detection with a focus on C. parvum and C. hominis. Among the methods discussed and compared are microscopy, immunology-based methods using monoclonal antibodies, molecular methods including PCR (polymerase chain reaction)-based assays, and emerging aptamer-based methods. These methods have different capabilities and limitations, but one common challenge is the need for better sensitivity and specificity, particularly in the presence of contaminants. The application of DNA aptamers in the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts shows promise in overcoming these challenges, and there will likely be significant developments in aptamer-based sensors in the near future.
THE EFFECT OF BLADE PROFILE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A SIDE CHANNEL PUMP
Authors: Boldyrev Aleksei V. , Boldyrev Sergei V. , Karelin Dmitrii L.
Published: October 2020

This article presents the results of a numerical modeling of a steady turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid in an open-type vortex pump with an open side channel, comparing the generalized simulation results with the existing experimental data. The mathematical model is based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier — Stokes and continuity equations, as well as on the equations of the two-layer Realizable k-ε turbulence model that accounts for the curvature of streamlines. The authors have estimated the grid independence of the solution and studied the influence of 14 blade profiles on the head and efficiency of the vortex pump.
The solution of the model equations was achieved by the finite volume method using a sequential algorithm in three calculation areas (“feeder channel”, “blade wheel”, “open hull side channel and diverter channel”) with the evaluation of grid independence of the solution. The result of the solution between the calculated areas was transmitted at the corresponding points of the interface surfaces.
The authors have studied the influence of 14 profiles of a blade on pressure and efficiency of the vortex pump: the initial profile of the blade with the installation in the wheel coaxial shaft of the ring plate of different width, the initial profile of the blade with a bevel on the discharge side, a profile in the form of an isosceles triangle, a profile in the form of a quadrangle, the initial profile with a rounded blade on the suction side, and a profile in the form of a rectangular triangle with a rounded blade on the suction side, among others.
The simulation results have aided in proposing the blade profiles: in the form of a rectangle with a convex rounding of the blade on the suction side with a 10 mm radius and a right-angled triangle with a concave rounding of the blade on the suction side with a 52 mm radius and without rounding, giving a significant increase in pressure — more than 20%. Nevertheless, none of the considered cases have revealed any significant increase in the vortex pump hydraulic efficiency.
IMPROVING THE STEAM-ASSISTED GRAVITY DRAINAGE INTEGRAL SIMULATOR TO PREDICT THE TIME OF STEAM BREAKTHROUGH INTO THE PRODUCER
Authors: Gilmanov Alexander Ya. , Fedorov Konstantin M. , Shevelev Alexander P.
Published: October 2020

One of the main problems for Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is the risk of steam breakthrough into the producer. A relevant task is to simulate SAGD to predict steam breakthrough. The existing models do not predict many technological parameters, and the integral model, developed earlier, does not consider the risk of a steam breakthrough. In this article, for the first time, an integral model is proposed in a dimensionless form, which considers risk of steam breakthrough and allows calculating all stages of SAGD.
The aim of this study is to improve the previously developed SAGD model to calculate the vertical coordinate of the upper boundary of liquid phase level. This has required a system of equations based on mass and heat balances both in the chamber and in the region of liquid phases. The system of equations is represented in dimensionless form. The research methodology involves using an explicit finite-difference scheme to solve this system and to verify the model according to the data by Ya. Yang et al. The nonlinear equation included in the system is solved using Newton’s iterative method. The lowering of the upper boundary of liquid phases’ region means steam breakthrough.
The results have provided the dependences of volumetric oil flow rate, the vertical coordinate of the upper boundary of the level of liquid phases and steam-oil ratio on time of process. These results are compared with the production data from the Celtic field with good agreement of the calculated data with the actual data. A fast drop in the upper boundary of the liquid phases region, observed with the data used approximately 100 days after the end of vertical growth of the steam chamber, indicates the risk of steam breakthrough.
ON THE EXPRESS ESTIMATION OF GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF A HYDRAULIC FRACTURING CRACK FIXED ON A PROPPANT USING THE METHODS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING
Authors: Shlyapkin Alexey S. , Tatosov Alexey V.
Published: October 2020

Improving technologies and increasing the number of activities related to hydraulic fracturing increase the requirements for the speed and quality of engineering support. For hydraulic fracturing design, there are specialized software products-hydraulic fracturing simulators, which are based on mathematical models of various dimensions.
Taking into account the influence of filtration leaks into the reservoir and the behavior of proppant particles in the crack largely determine the shape of the fracture crack. In the model representation, these factors are taken into account, but they need to be clarified in order to increase the quality of the forecast and estimate the productivity of the crack, which determines the relevance of this area of study.
In this paper, we propose an analysis that allows us to quickly evaluate the geometric parameters of the crack when changing the technological parameters and properties of the fracture fluid.
The presented mathematical model is based on a one-dimensional mathematical model in PKN representation (Perkins — Kern — Nordgren model).
All calculations presented in this paper were performed using the certified TSH Frac software package designed for modeling the geometric parameters of hydraulic fracturing cracks.
The results of the study can be used in engineering practice for rapid assessment of the geometric parameters of a hydraulic fracturing crack. Subsequent adjustment and adjustment of the model can be carried out when additional information is obtained during small-volume test uploads in the well under study.
Molecular Mechanisms of Thymoquinone as Anticancer Agent
Authors: Alhmied Fatma , Alammar Ali , Alsultan Bayan , Alshehri Muruj , Pottoo Faheem Hyder
Published: October 2020

Thymoquinone (TQ), the bioactive constituent of Nigella Sativa seeds, is a well-known
natural compound for the management of several types of cancers. The anti-cancer properties of
thymoquinone are thought to be operated via intervening with various oncogenic pathways,
prevention of inflammation and oxidative stress, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, and
induction of apoptosis, as well as up-regulation and down-regulation of specific tumor suppressor
genes and tumor promoting genes, respectively. The proliferation of various tumor cells is
inhibited by TQ via induction of cell cycle arrest, disruption of the microtubule organization, and
downregulating cell survival protein expression. TQ induces G1 phase cell cycle arrest in human
breast cancer, colon cancer and osteosarcoma cells through inhibiting the activation of cyclin E or
cyclin D and up-regulating p27 and p21, a cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor. TQ
concentration is a significant factor in targeting a particular cell cycle phase. While high
concentration of TQ induces G2 phase arrest in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, low
concentration causes S phase arrest. This review article provides mechanistic insights into the anticancer
properties of thymoquinone.
Differential Methylation Signatures in Severely Calcified Carotid Plaques by Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Katano Hiroyuki , Nishikawa Yusuke , Yamada Hiroshi , Yamanaka Tomoyasu , Mase Mitsuhito
Published: October 2020

Background:

The precise cellular behaviors of calcification, including its molecular and
genetic activities, have not yet been fully established for carotid plaques.

Objective:

We sought specific genes with tissue-specific differential methylation associated with carotid
calcification status.

Methods:

We classified eight plaques from carotid endarterectomy patients as high- or low-calcified
based on their Agatston calcium scores. We analyzed differential DNA methylation and performed
bioinformatics data mining.

Results:

A high correlation of average methylation levels (β-values) in promoter regions between
high- and low-calcified plaque groups was observed. A principal component analysis of DNA methylation
values in promoters of specimens revealed two independent clusters for high- and lowcalcified
plaques. Volcano plots for methylation differences in promoter regions showed that significantly
hypomethylated probes were more frequently found for high-calcified plaques than more
methylated probes. Differential hypomethylation of receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1)
in high-calcified plaques was commonly extracted in both the promoter region and the cytosinephosphate-
guanine (CpG) island shore region, where differential methylation had been reported to
be more tissue-specific. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis annotated a
pathway associated with vascular smooth muscle contraction in the differentially methylated genes
of the promoter and CpG island shore regions in high-calcified plaques.

Conclusion:

Among the extracted differentially methylated genes, hypomethylated genes were more
dominant than more methylated genes. The augmentation of RAMP1 by hypomethylation may contribute
to the enhancement of anti-atherosclerotic effects and hence stability in high-calcified
plaques. These results contribute to our understanding of the genetic signatures associated with calcification
status and cellular activity in carotid plaques.
Efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Compared With Standard Care for Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review
Authors: Hariyanto Timotius Ivan , Kristine Elizabeth , Jillian Hardi Catherine , Kurniawan Andree
Published: October 2020

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly discovered multi-organ
disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Currently, there are no official guidelines
on the pharmacological treatment of COVID-19. Lopinavir/ritonavir is a licensed antiviral treatment
against HIV and has shown activity against other coronaviruses.

Objective:

In this study, we review the evidence of the use of lopinavir/ritonavir as a potential treatment
candidate against COVID-19.

Method:

This systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020182067). A systematic
search of the literature for the observational and randomized controlled trial was conducted
in PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar through May 2nd, 2020. Two reviewers were independently
searched and selected. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Jadad scale, Newcastle-
Ottawa Quality assessment tool, and the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool.

Results:

A total of 1,965 articles were screened, from which 6 articles were selected. Of 6 articles
that were included in this study, 4 reported no significant benefit in clinical improvement with lopinavir/
ritonavir when compared to standard care of treatment, while 2 studies reported otherwise.
Lopinavir/ritonavir was also not associated with a reduction of 28-day mortality rate as reported by
1 included study. Most included studies reported gastrointestinal symptoms as side effects from
lopinavir/ritonavir therapy.

Conclusion:

There is not yet enough evidence to support the regular use of lopinavir/ritonavir in
the treatment of COVID-19. Further clinical trials are needed to evaluate lopinavir/ritonavir's efficacy
in treatment.
MAPPING JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ FUNCTIONAL LITERACY COMPETENCE
Authors: Nurgiyantoro Burhan , Lestyarini Beniati , Rahayu Dwi Hanti
Published: October 2020

Literacy issues have probably been a special concern of many countries. In Indonesia, there have also been several surveys regarding the literacy of school students. This study aims to map the functional literacy of junior high school (JHS) students by focusing on various types of literacy and how each of them contributes to the overall functional literacy. This is quantitative survey research whose subjects were JHS students in four regencies and one municipality of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with a total sample member of 246 students. The research instrument was an extension of the National Assessment for Adult Literacy (NAAL) with some additions of functional literacy types suggested in the FGD. Data were collected by using a test and analyzed through descriptive statistics and confirmatory factor analysis using the structural equation model with the Lisrel program. The results reveal that the functional literacy of the JHS students is mostly in the “medium” (83.3%), “low” (15.4%), and “high” (1.2%) category. Of the 15 types of literacy, two of them (13.33%), namely prose and cultural literacy make “high” contribution to the functional literacy as a whole, and two others (document and environmental literacy) also support to a “medium” extent (13.33%), while the rest (60%) are categorized as having “low” contribution. This likely implies the importance of fostering various types of functional literacy at school for students to have the ability to develop their personal and social functions.
Implementasi pendidikan politik Gerakan Pemuda Ansor Kabupaten Karawang dalam menumbuhkan pemahaman nasionalisme generasi muda Nahdatul Ulama
Authors: Sanusi Aris Riswandi , Sofyan Fitri Silvia
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penyelenggaraan pendidikan politik yang dilakukan oleh GP Ansor Kabupaten Karawang serta peran ulama Nahdhatul Ulama terhadap pembentukan dan menumbuhkan pemahaman nasionalisme generasi muda Nahdhatul Ulama sesuai dengan komitmen Nahdhatul Ulama terhadap Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan penggunaan metode studi deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, studi dokumen, dan studi literatur dengan teknik pengolahan data yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil yang ditemukan dari penelitian ini yaitu pendidikan politik merupakan bagian penting yang harus dilaksanakan agar tercipta kader yang memahami politik sebelum terjun di masyarakat. Begitu pula kader haru diberikan pemahaman pula terkait nasionalisme sebagai dasar tindakan politik yang didasari hadis Hubbul Wathan Minal Iman. Adapun pelaksanaan pendidikan politik yang dilakukan GP Ansor Kabupaten Karawang meliputi Pelatihan Kader Dasar dan pengembangan kader yang dilakukan dalam bentuk diskusi, pelatihan pengembangan profesi, pendidikan bela negara, dan pelatihan ekonomi Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT). ABSTRACTThis study aims to describe the implementation of political education carried out by GP Ansor Karawang and the role of NU ulama in forming an understanding of the nationalism of the younger generation of Nahdhatul Ulama in accordance with Nahdhatul Ulama's commitment to the Republic of Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observation, document study, and literature study with data processing techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification. The result of this research is political education is an important part that must be implemented in order to create cadres who understand politics before joining the community. Likewise, cadres must also be given an understanding of nationalism as the basis for political action based on the hadith of Hubbul Wathan Minal Iman. The implementation of political education by GP Ansor Karawang includes basic training and development in the form of discussions, professional development training, state defense education, and economic training Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT)
Pemenuhan hak transportasi publik warga negara lansia di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Kuncorowati Puji Wulandari , Dewi Utami , Fitriana Kurnia Nur , Yuanjaya Pandhu
Published: October 2020

Prioritas kebutuhan lanjut usia di ranah publik lebih pada fasilitas umum yang aksesibel.  Masih  banyak     fasilitas  publik yang tergolong belum ramah lanjut usia, prioritas  kebutuhan   lanjut   usia  di  ranah publik lebih pada fasilitas umum yang aksesibel.  Masih  banyak     fasilitas  publik yang tergolong belum ramah lanjut usia. Pemenuhan hak yang sudah dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah Yogyakarta dalam pemberian  pelayaan  inklusif dalam  bidang pelayanan publik terhadap orang lanjut usia dalam penyediaan pelayanan publik dibidang transportasi diharapkan    memperhatikan aksesibel bagi kaum lansia sudah semakin mendesak untuk dilakukan. Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta telah memberikan aksi nyata dalam upaya penyediaan pelayanan transportasi (terutama darat) yang memadai, adil dan bermartabat bagi seluruh warga DIY termasuk kaum lansia. Meskipun demikian, penyediaan pelayanan transportasi di DIY belum dapat dikatakan ramah kepada lansia sepenuhnya baik secara arsitektural maupun struktural. Bahkan di beberapa kabupaten di DIY yaitu Bantul, Kulon Progo dan Gunungkidul, pemerintah kabupaten belum memberikan perhatian kepada pemenuhan kebutuhan lansia dalam pelayanan transportasi.
Влияние поэтапного постимплантационного отжига на состав и структуру поверхностных слоев кремния, имплантированного ионами щелочных металлов
Authors: Умирзаков Б.Е. , Исаханов З.А. , Аллаёрова Г.Х. , Ёркулов Р.М.
Published: October 2020

Studies of the dynamics of changes in the crystal structure, elemental and chemical composition
of the surface layers of Si implanted with Na + , Rb + and Cs + ions during gradual heating in
various temperature conditions. In the case of Na + ions, after heating at a temperature of T = 900
K, a NaSi 2 film is formed on the surface, at T = 1000 K, a monolayer coating of NaSi 2 and at T =
1100 K the surface layers of Si are completely cleaned of atoms of the alloying element, as well
as oxygen and carbon.
Моделирование ангармонических блоховских осцилляций: численные проблемы и нелинейные эффекты
Authors: Иванов К.А. , Гиршова Е.И. , Калитеевский М.А.
Published: October 2020

The work presents robust and fast numerical method for calculation of complex-valued energies and wave functions of carriers in one-dimensional electrically biased periodic structures. Using this method optical transitions were studied in a superlattice (Bloch oscillations). Transition probabilities were shown to disobey linear dependence from applied field when it is large enough; in this case transitional with double and triple Bloch frequency can be more intensive than on single frequency. In a superlattice with a split miniband the same holds, with non-linearity being more pronounced in wider split case.
Decision Support Capabilities of Telemedicine in Emergency Prehospital Care: Systematic Review
Authors: Kim Yesul , Groombridge Christopher , Romero Lorena , Clare Steven , Fitzgerald Mark Christopher
Published: October 2020

Background

Telemedicine offers a unique opportunity to improve coordination and administration for urgent patient care remotely. In an emergency setting, it has been used to support first responders by providing telephone or video consultation with specialists at hospitals and through the exchange of prehospital patient information. This technological solution is evolving rapidly, yet there is a concern that it is being implemented without a demonstrated clinical need and effectiveness as well as without a thorough economic evaluation.

Objective

Our objective is to systematically review whether the clinical outcomes achieved, as reported in the literature, favor telemedicine decision support for medical interventions during prehospital care.

Methods

This systematic review included peer-reviewed journal articles. Searches of 7 databases and relevant reviews were conducted. Eligibility criteria consisted of studies that covered telemedicine as data- and information-sharing and two-way teleconsultation platforms, with the objective of supporting medical decisions (eg, diagnosis, treatment, and receiving hospital decision) in a prehospital emergency setting. Simulation studies and studies that included pediatric populations were excluded. The procedures in this review followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies–of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool was used for the assessment of risk of bias. The results were synthesized based on predefined aspects of medical decisions that are made in a prehospital setting, which include diagnostic decision support, receiving facility decisions, and medical directions for treatment. All data extractions were done by at least two reviewers independently.

Results

Out of 42 full-text reviews, 7 were found eligible. Diagnostic support and medical direction and decision for treatments were often reported. A key finding of this review was the high agreement between prehospital diagnoses via telemedicine and final in-hospital diagnoses, as supported by quantitative evidence. However, a majority of the articles described the clinical value of having access to remote experts without robust quantitative data. Most telemedicine solutions were evaluated within a feasibility or short-term preliminary study. In general, the results were positive for telemedicine use; however, biases, due to preintervention confounding factors and a lack of documentation on quality assurance and protocol for telemedicine activation, make it difficult to determine the direct effect on patient outcomes.

Conclusions

The information-sharing capacity of telemedicine enables access to remote experts to support medical decision making on scene or in prolonged field care. The influence of human and technology factors on patient care is poorly understood and documented.
An Application of Machine Learning to Etiological Diagnosis of Secondary Hypertension: Retrospective Study Using Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Diao Xiaolin , Huo Yanni , Yan Zhanzheng , Wang Haibin , Yuan Jing , Wang Yuxin , Cai Jun , Zhao Wei
Published: October 2020

Background

Secondary hypertension is a kind of hypertension with a definite etiology and may be cured. Patients with suspected secondary hypertension can benefit from timely detection and treatment and, conversely, will have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality than those with primary hypertension.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop and validate machine learning (ML) prediction models of common etiologies in patients with suspected secondary hypertension.

Methods

The analyzed data set was retrospectively extracted from electronic medical records of patients discharged from Fuwai Hospital between January 1, 2016, and June 30, 2019. A total of 7532 unique patients were included and divided into 2 data sets by time: 6302 patients in 2016-2018 as the training data set for model building and 1230 patients in 2019 as the validation data set for further evaluation. Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) was adopted to develop 5 models to predict 4 etiologies of secondary hypertension and occurrence of any of them (named as composite outcome), including renovascular hypertension (RVH), primary aldosteronism (PA), thyroid dysfunction, and aortic stenosis. Both univariate logistic analysis and Gini Impurity were used for feature selection. Grid search and 10-fold cross-validation were used to select the optimal hyperparameters for each model.

Results

Validation of the composite outcome prediction model showed good performance with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.924 in the validation data set, while the 4 prediction models of RVH, PA, thyroid dysfunction, and aortic stenosis achieved AUC of 0.938, 0.965, 0.959, and 0.946, respectively, in the validation data set. A total of 79 clinical indicators were identified in all and finally used in our prediction models. The result of subgroup analysis on the composite outcome prediction model demonstrated high discrimination with AUCs all higher than 0.890 among all age groups of adults.

Conclusions

The ML prediction models in this study showed good performance in detecting 4 etiologies of patients with suspected secondary hypertension; thus, they may potentially facilitate clinical diagnosis decision making of secondary hypertension in an intelligent way.
Facebook Support Groups for Rare Pediatric Diseases: Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Titgemeyer Sarah Catrin , Schaaf Christian Patrick
Published: October 2020

Background

Loneliness, social isolation, and feeling disconnected from society are commonly experienced by parents of children with rare diseases and are, among others, important reasons for special supportive care needs. Social networking platforms are increasingly used for health communication, information exchange, and support. In the field of rare pediatric diseases, qualitative studies have shown that Facebook online support groups are utilized by and beneficial for persons affected by rare pediatric diseases. Nonetheless, the extent of this usage has not been investigated.

Objective

This study aims to provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the extent of Facebook usage as a tool for rare pediatric disease support groups and to explore factors that influence a disease’s representation on Facebook. These results potentially offer important insights for future public health initiatives and give direction to further research that can give much needed support to parents of children with rare diseases.

Methods

We determined rare pediatric diseases using the inventory of the online portal Orphanet. Facebook support groups were identified by searching 5 synonymous disease descriptions using the group category search bar. Disease- and group-describing parameters were statistically analyzed using standard descriptive statistical methods.

Results

6398 Facebook support groups, representing 826 diseases (19.5% of all searched diseases), were found. 69% are private groups. Group type, size, activity (sum of posts, comments, and reactions calculated by Facebook), new memberships, and language varied largely between groups (member count: minimum 1, maximum 23,414; activity last 30 days: minimum 0, maximum 3606). The highest percentage of awareness and information groups was found for teratogenic diseases (18/68, 26%). The odds of finding a Facebook group increased according to the level of information available about the disease: known prevalence (odds ratio [OR] 3.98, 95% CI 3.39-4.66, P<.001), known disease type (OR 3.15, 95% CI 2.70-3.68, P<.001), and known inheritance mode (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.68-2.52, P<.001) were all associated with higher odds of finding a Facebook group, as was dominant compared to nondominant inheritance (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.74-3.42, P<.001). The number of groups per disease increased with higher prevalence.

Conclusions

Facebook is widely used as a tool for support groups for rare pediatric diseases and continues to be relevant. Two-thirds of the groups are private groups, indicating group participants’ need for privacy, which should be further explored. The advantages and limitations of Facebook as a tool for support groups in the field of rare diseases should be further investigated as it will allow health professionals to use Facebook more meaningfully in their counseling and guidance of affected individuals and their family members.
Consumer-Guided Development of an Engagement-Facilitation Intervention for Increasing Uptake and Adherence for Self-Guided Web-Based Mental Health Programs: Focus Groups and Online Evaluation Survey
Authors: Gulliver Amelia , Calear Alison L , Sunderland Matthew , Kay-Lambkin Frances , Farrer Louise M , Banfield Michelle , Batterham Philip J
Published: October 2020

Background

Self-guided web-based mental health programs are effective in treating and preventing mental health problems. However, current engagement with these programs in the community is suboptimal, and there is limited evidence indicating how to increase the use of existing evidence-based programs.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the views of people with lived experience of depression and anxiety on factors influencing their engagement with self-guided web-based mental health (e–mental health) programs and to use these perspectives to develop an engagement-facilitation intervention (EFI) to increase engagement (defined as both uptake and adherence) with these programs.

Methods

A total of 24 community members (female=21; male=3) with lived experience of depression and anxiety or depression or anxiety alone participated in 1 of 4 focus groups discussing the factors influencing their engagement with self-guided e–mental health programs and the appearance, delivery mode, and functionality of content for the proposed EFI. A subsequent evaluation survey of the focus group participants (n=14) was conducted to evaluate the resultant draft EFI. Data were thematically analyzed using both inductive and deductive qualitative methods.

Results

Participants suggested that the critical component of an EFI was information that would challenge personal barriers to engagement, including receiving personalized symptom feedback, information regarding the program’s content or effectiveness and data security, and normalization of using e–mental health programs (eg, testimonials). Reminders, rewards, feedback about progress, and coaching were all mentioned as facilitating adherence.

Conclusions

EFIs have the potential to improve community uptake of e–mental health programs. They should focus on providing information on the content and effectiveness of e–mental health programs and normalizing their use. Given that the sample comprised predominantly young females, this study may not be generalizable to other population groups. There is a strong value in involving people with a lived experience in the design and development of EFIs to maximize their effectiveness.