bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE BERMUATAN LITERASI MATEMATIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIKA
Authors: Rusmining Rusmining
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemapuan komunikasi matematika melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) bermuatan literasi matematika. Adapun metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Tahapan dalam penelitian meliputi tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, dan tahap penyelesaian yang masing-masing dilakukan pada tiga siklus, yaitu siklus I, siklus II, dan siklus III. Tahap perencanaan berupa pembuatan instrumen penelitian, tahap pelaksanaan berupa kegiatan di lokasi penelitian serta pengambilan data, dan tahap penyelesaian berupa refleksi kegiatan. Hasil penelitian antara lain: 1) pada siklus I, indikator keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 62,5% dan 63,33% mahasiswa dinyatakan tuntas belajar dengan rata-rata nilai 70,03. 2) Siklus II, indikator keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 75% dan sebanyak 70% mahasiswa tuntas dengan nilai rata-rata 72,55. 3) Siklus III, indikator keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 87,5% dan sebanyak 73,33% mahasiswa tuntas dengan nilai rata-rata 74,50.
PELEVELAN LAPISAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS X
Authors: Ratu Novisita
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menempatkan pemahaman konsep siswa kedalam level lapisan pemahaman konsep matematika. Lapisan pemahaman konsep pada penelitian ini berdasarkan pada teori Pirie&Kieren yang terdiri dari primitive knowing, image making, image having, property noticing, formalizing, observing, structuring, inventising. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas X MIPA 7 SMAN 1 Salatiga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Sebesar 54,3% siswa atau sebanyak 19 orang siswa berada pada level tertinggi yaitu inventising, sebesar 22,8% siswa atau sebanyak 8 orang siswa pada level structuring, sebesar 2,9% siswa atau sebanyak 1 orang siswa pada level Observing, sebesar 2,9 % siswa pada level formalising, sebesar 14,2% siswa atau sebanyak 5 orang siswa pada level primitive noticing, sebesar 2,9% siswa atau sebanyak 1 orang siswa pada level image knowing/ having dan tidak terdapat siswa pada level  primitive knowing dan image making. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan level lapisan pemahaman konsep setiap siswa berbeda-beda. Sehingga guru di dalam mengajarkan konsep matematika agar dapat memperhatikan keberagaman penguasaan konsep siswa.
PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRI BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI LIMAS SMP NEGERI 16 BANDA ACEH
Authors: Saleh Muhamad , Ernisa Ernisa , Aklimawati Aklimawati , Mahmuzah Rifaatul
Published: April 2020

Materi matematika didominasi oleh hal-hal yang bersifat abstrak. Sementara tingkat berfikir siswa pada usia anak Sekolah Menengah Pertama masih banyak kendala mengenai berfikir abstrak. Untuk itu perlu diupayakan proses pembelajaran Limas disesuaikan dengan taraf berfikir siswa. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan Inquiri Based Learning (IBL) dan (2) respon siswa terhadap penerapannya. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 16 Banda Aceh terdiri dari empat rombongan belajar. Sampel sebanyak dua kelas yang dipilih secara random. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu: tes dan non tes (angket). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata siswa di kelas eksperimen lebih baik dibandingkan siswa dikelas kontrol. Siswa di kelas eksperimen mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 78.66, sedangkan di kelas kontrol 68.57. Berdasarkan uji statistik menggunakan SPSS Ver 21 diperoleh bahwa Nilai sign (0,003) kurang dari 0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar kelas eksperimen lebih baik daripada kelas kontrol.  Respon yang diberikan siswa terhadap kegiatan belajar mengajar pada pembelajaran IBL secara keseluruhan adalah positif dan termasuk dalam kriteria respon sangat baik dengan rata-rata persentase respon siswa sebesar 97,4%.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN STRATEGI CLASS CONCERN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Rahmawati Fitriana , Risnawati Risnawati
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi class concern terhaap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Natar Lampung Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, serta analisi data menggunakan rumus statistik. Populai dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Natar Lampung Selatan, sedangkan sampel diambil 2 kelas  VIII 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII 2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik pengundian. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t. Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan rumus statistik thitung diperoleh t  = 8,67. Dari tabel distribusi t pada taraf signifikan 5 % diketahui ttabel= t((1-1/2 α))= 2,00 artinya  thitung > ttabel yaitu 8,67 > 2,00, sehingga bahwa strategi class concern  berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pememcahan masalah matematika kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Natar Lampung Selatan.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR STATISTIKA DENGAN SOFTWARE R UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN PEMAHAMAN
Authors: Taqwa Muhammad , Taufik Akbar
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku ajar yang memenuhi kriteria valid dan praktis. Buku ajar ini sebagai penunjang perkuliahan statistika guna meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan pemahaman konsep statistika sehingga mahasiswa memiliki ketrampilan analisis data dengan software R secara mandiri. Prosedur pengembangan buku ajar ini terdiri atas 4 tahap yaitu : pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan dan penyebaran.. Materi buku ajar sesuai dengan rencana pembelajaran statistik yang ditampilkan dengan contoh dan software dengan R. Hasil penelitian yaitu (1) penilaian reviewer diperoleh skor validitas isi buku ajar adalah 0,81 yang berarti bahwa validitas isi buku ajar termasuk kategori tinggi dengan reliabilitas 0,89, sehingga  buku ajar layak untuk digunakan sebagai alat penunjang kegiatan pembelajaran statistika matematika;(2) Buku ajar ini memiliki kriteria sangat praktis. Hal ini di jelaskan pada hasil uji kepraktisan oleh mahasiswa sehingga buku ajar layak digunakan pada perkuliahan statistika matematika; (3) Tidak ada peningkatan motivasi belajar mahasiswa pada matakuliah statistika matematika dengan perlakuan diajar menggunakan software R dan buku ajar statistika dengan R. Hal ini didukung oleh rata-rata ngain item motivasi belajar mahasiswa diperoleh yaitu -0,07 berada pada kategori rendah; (4) Tidak ada peningkatan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa pada matakuliah statistika matematika dengan perlakuan diajar menggunakan software R dan buku ajar statistika dengan R. Hal ini didukung oleh rata-rata ngain item pemahaman konsep mahasiswa diperoleh yaitu 0,25 berada pada kategori rendah.
PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF MAHASISWA DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA BERDASARKAN GENDER
Authors: Yusri Yunarni , Hardianty Febria
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh deskripsi proses berpikir kreatif mahasiswa berdasarkan perbedaan gender. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri sebagai instrumen utama yang dipandu oleh tugas pemecahan masalah matematika dan pedoman wawancara yang valid dan reliabel. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara berbasis tugas. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa semester VII Program studi Pendidikan Matematika STKIP Andi Matappa yang terdiri dari dua orang (1 orang laki-laki dan 1 orang perempuan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang berarti tentang proses berpikir kreatif subjek laki-laki (S1) dan subjek perempuan (S2) dalam pemecahan masalah  matematika  yang memenuhi  aspek  lancar  (fluent),  fasih (flexible) dan baru (original), yaitu keduanya melalui tahapan: 1) persiapan, 2) inkubasi, 3) iluminasi, dan 4) verifikasi. Demikian pula, tidak  ditemukan  perbedaan  yang berarti  tentang  rangkaian  aktivias mental yang digunakan kedua subjek pada tiap tahapan; (2) Ditemu kenali perbedaan hasil tugas kedua subjek: 1) S1 menggunakan tiga cara yang baru, meskipun ketiga cara ini menggunakan konsep yang sama. Sedang S2, menggunakan satu cara baru, 2) fungsi-fungsi yang  ditemukan  S1  lebih  variatif  dan  lebih  kompleks  dibanding fungsi-fungsi yang ditemukan S2. Meskipun hasil tugas kedua subjek berbeda,namun keduanya kreatif dalam pemecahan masalah matematika.
KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PESERTA DIDIK EKSTROVERT DAN INTROVERT DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GENERATIF
Authors: Hanana Roudatul , Rukmigarsari RR Ettie , Fathani Abdul Halim
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui (1) Apakah ada perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika peserta didik ekstrovert yang diberi dan yang tidak diberi model pembelajaran generatif; (2) Apakah ada perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika peserta didik introvert yang diberi dan yang tidak diberi model pembelajaran generatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian true eksperimen dengan jenis pretest-possttest control group design, dalam desain ini terdapat dua kelas yakni kelas eksperimen diberi perlakuan model pembelajaran generatif dan kelas kontrol tidak diberi perlakuan model pembelajaran generatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI IAI 1 dan XI IAI 2. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini diantaranya adalah: (1) Uji Normalitas; (2) Uji  perbandingan data pretest; (3) Uji  perbandingan data posttest. Berdasarkan analisis data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Software SPSS 23 diperoleh kesimpulan (1) Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika peserta didik ekstrovert yang diberi () dan yang tidak diberi () model pembelajaran generatif; (2) Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika peserta didik introvert yang diberi () dan yang tidak diberi () model pembelajaran generatif.
The effects of including social factors in ride-matching algorithms on the performance and the quality of matches
Authors: AYDİN Omer Faruk , GÖKAŞAR İlgin
Published: April 2020

Advancement in communication technologies has fostered alternative transport modes, such as ride-sharing. Ride-sharing aims to increase vehicle occupancy rates by matching riders with the drivers, who have empty seats on their vehicles and have similar routes and time schedules. Regarding to the success of a ride-sharing system, many researchers have been interested in efficient ride-matching algorithms. Ride-matching optimization problem is considered as NP-Hard Problem. In most of the ride-matching algorithms in the literature, to be able find matches at short notice some parameters were omitted. Hence, social characteristics and choices of participants, such as gender, age, employment status and willingness to socialize, were not included in many ride-matching algorithms. In this paper, the effects of including such factors in a ride-matching algorithm on the performance and the quality of the matches are investigated. Several ride-matching algorithms in the literature are simulated with randomly generated data. The simulation results show that when social factors are included the computation times and the quality of the matches increase significantly.
Alaa Gabbar Nima اعتراضات الساكناني على ابن الحاجب في شرحه على الشافية
Authors: التميمي علاء جبار نعمة
Published: April 2020

يبقى ميدان الصرف حافلا بجديده؛ لأنه بحر واسع برع فيه العلماء وصنفوا المؤلفات وشرحوا ووضعوا الحواشي. وهذا بحث يتناول اعتراضات الساكنانيّ أحد شراح الشافية ومن علماء القرن الثامن، وقد جاء الموضوع باختيار اعتراضات الساكنانيّ على ابن الحاجب مصنف الشافية.
التباين في تكرار سكون الهواء خلال الرصدات الساعية في العراق
Authors: ناصر عبود أ.م.د. مالك
Published: April 2020

المستخلص:

تحدث ظاهرة سكون الهواء عندما تنخفض سرعة الرياح إلى(0-0.2)م/ثا، ويكون الهواء هادئاً ومستقراً وغير قادر على تحريك الأشياء كأوراق الأشجار والأعلام، كما أنّها من الظواهر المناخية الشائعة في مناخ العراق، وتحدث هذه الظاهرة في جميع ساعات اليوم وفي جميع شهور السنة، ولكنها تتباين حسب ساعات اليوم، فتختلف تكراراتها بين الليل والنهار وبين الصباح والمساء، وتتأثر تكراراتها حسب الظروف المحلية وخشونة السطح والمنظومات الجوية المؤثرة فيها،  وتزداد تكراراته في الأوقات التي تخلو من الاضطرابات الجوية ومرور الجبهات الهوائية. تهدف الدراسة حساب تكرارات ظاهرة سكون الهواء في العراق في جميع أيام السنة لمدة زمنية تصل إلى (11) سنة للسنوات (2007-2017)، بالاعتماد على بيانات سرعة الرياح الساعية خلال (24) ساعة في اليوم لسبع محطات رصد جوي في العراق، واستخراج النسب المئوية لتكرارارها في كل ساعة من أوقات الرصد في محطات الرصد الجوي وفي جميع شهور السنة. وقد أظهرت الدراسة تباين تكرارات هذه الظاهرة خلال ساعات اليوم فقد سجلت أكثر تكرارات السكون خلال الرصدة (00:00)GMT وأقلها في الرصدة (12:00) GMT، وتبين أيضاً أنّها تختلف بين شهر وآخر وبين منطقة وأخرى.
Understanding secularisation as indicating the process of the separation of the political and religious
Authors: Islam Md Didarul
Published: April 2020

There is a normative position to designate secularisation thesis purely apolitical entity; and this article attempts to shed light on this mountain high debate to understand the extent to which secularisation can be called a complete separation of religious and political. This article argues that since both religion and politics are not completely apolitical entities, therefore the complete separation of secularisation thesis has not been achieved. Maintaining the historical differentiations and cultural contexts of different countries, this research says that secularisation is best to understand from contextual and localised perspectives. Secularisation thesis does not even need to be understood as a complete separation, instead it is a process to establish an inclusive society through establishing religious freedom for all. Besides, this research also contributed in epistemological realm through providing an alternative lens of studying secularisation and showed how this approach can help to study different genre of secularism practised in the USA, France and Bangladesh.
Simultaneous rational design of ion separation membranes and processes
Authors: Wessling Matthias
Published: April 2020

Economically viable water treatment process plants for drinking water purification are a prerequisite for sustainable supply of safe drinking water in the future. However, modern membrane process development experiences a disconnect in this domain: the synthesis of the membrane and the design of the process are decoupled. We propose an optimization strategy to simultaneously design the performance of layer-by-layer nanofiltration membrane modules and the separation process. This approach achieves overall optimal performance by extending the search space and thus exploiting synergies. Better separation performances at a lower cost as compared to conventional optimization strategies can be achieved. The key feature of this optimization framework is the integration of artificial neural networks. This machine-learning technique describes membrane performance as a function of its synthesis protocol. We optimize the design problem rigorously by a deterministic global nonlinear optimization method. Thus, this framework yields membrane synthesis protocols and membrane processes that are optimally tailored to the desired separation task. In a showcase, the simultaneous membrane synthesis and process optimization design achieve immediately favorable results with lower impurities at comparable costs. The process investment and operation costs are compared to a state of the art commercially available membrane for nanofiltration.
Does sharing memories make us feel closer? The roles of memory type and culture
Authors: Guan Li , Wang Qi
Published: April 2020

The present research used hypothetical scenarios to examine the effects of sharing different types of memories on perceived relationship closeness and how that is related to psychological well-being in a cross-cultural context. In two studies, European American and Asian participants (total N = 714) reported their feelings of closeness to a conversation partner in hypothetical situations involving five types of information sharing: specific and general autobiographical memories, specific and general vicarious memories, and non-person information. Sharing memories led to greater feelings of closeness than sharing non-person information in both groups. Asians felt closer to the conversation partner than European Americans across all types of information sharing. Although sharing autobiographical and specific memories led to greater closeness than sharing vicarious and general memories in both groups, sharing specific autobiographical memories appeared most effective for relationship closeness for European Americans. Perceived relationship closeness following memory-sharing in hypothetical situations was positively associated with psychological well-being across cultures.
Quantifying the interplay of semantics and phonology during failures of word retrieval by people with aphasia using a multiplex lexical network
Authors: Castro Nichol , Stella Massimo , Siew Cynthia S. Q.
Published: April 2020

Investigating instances where lexical selection fails can lead to deeper insights into the cognitive machinery and architecture supporting successful word retrieval and speech production. In this paper, we utilized a multiplex lexical network approach that combines semantic and phonological similarities among words to model the structure of the mental lexicon. Network measures at different levels of analysis (degree, network distance, and closeness centrality) were used to investigate the influence of network structure on picture naming accuracy and errors by people with Anomic, Broca’s, Conduction, and Wernicke’s aphasia. Our results reveal that word retrieval is influenced by the multiplex lexical network structure in at least two ways – (i) the accuracy of production and error type on incorrect productions were influenced by the degree and closeness centrality of the target word, and (ii) error type also varied in terms of network distance between the target word and produced error word. Taken together, the analyses demonstrate that network science techniques, particularly the use of the multiplex lexical network to simultaneously represent semantic and phonological relationships among words, reveal how the structure of the mental lexicon influences language processes beyond traditionally examined psycholinguistic variables. We propose a framework for how the multiplex network approach allows for understanding the influence of mental lexicon structure on word retrieval processes, with an eye toward a better understanding the nature of clinical impairments like aphasia.
The Importance of Cultural Tightness and Government Efficiency For Understanding COVID-19 Growth and Death Rates
Authors: Gelfand Michele , Jackson Joshua Conrad , Pan Xinyue , Nau Dana S. , Dagher Munqith M. , van Lange Paul , Chiu Chi-yue
Published: April 2020

We have withdrawn this preprint as we update analyses with data on later stages of COVID-19. We will post an updated preprint as it is available. In the interim, if colleagues are interested in using the tightness-looseness scores we developed for this paper, we provide them below.
We predict a riot: inequality, relative deprivation and collective destruction in the lab
Authors: Dezecache Guillaume , von Zimmermann Jorina , Allen James M. , Richardson Daniel C.
Published: April 2020

In a riot, people damage the environment of themselves and others. Due to the difficulties of measuring violent behaviour, the roles of factors thought to lead to rioting are hard to discern. We investigated the psychological roots of rioting using innovative experimental techniques. We created a game, ‘Parklife’, that co-present participants played using smartphones. In two teams, participants tapped on their screens to grow trees and flowerbeds on separate but adjacent virtual parks. Participants could also tap to vandalize the other team’s park. In some conditions, we surreptitiously introduced inequality between the teams so that disadvantaged teams had to tap more for each reward. The experience of inequality caused disadvantaged teams to engage in more destruction, and to report higher relative deprivation and frustration. Our lab-based experiment provides direct insight into the psychological mechanisms underlying collective violence, and supports previous observations that relative deprivation plays a role in riots.
Nature of Human Intelligence
Authors: Lekamalaya Senarath Dayathilake Kande
Published: April 2020

Humankind faces many problems like terrorism, crime, the collapse of the family unit, drug abuse, war, theft, etc. The multidisciplinary research that I have done to determine whether there are basic and common psychological reasons. So, I have found some fundamental factors that are significantly limited or revers of the human intelligence by some decisions making and those limitations might be due to activating of delusional thoughts and decisions which are declined of intelligence, mainly cause by psychological mind viruses ( MV) in them, as I hypothesis, here. Those issues have been impacted optimal living, psychological, physical, and social well-being. So, better practical solutions and preventive methods are needed. The leading psychological limiting factors for intelligence development are MV, and its’ remedies are healthy mind viruses [HMV]. Intelligent learning, training (meditation), and intelligent decisions might evolve the nature of the brain, nurture, and x-micro particle genome (X-MPG); all these six factors seem to be interdepended. The X-MPG might bond with the x-unique micro-particle (X-UMP). However, the X- UMP might never evolve or change, and it might maintain the uniqueness of a person's conscious state. The X-MPG helps gradually evolve the latent potential level of well-being and the related person's optimal living. Here, I show the unearthed core of early Buddhist teachings, training (meditation), and decisions inclusive of the 8-fold path may be an efficient methodology for Intelligence evolution. The evolution of nature, nurture, X-MPG, psychological well-being, and intelligence might are represented in a theoretical 3D graph. If life after death occurs, when clinical death of a person’s finally evolved level and micro quantum key of the X- MPG ( +X- UMP) might be crucial to natural transmission to bond with a matching and vacant zygote/early embryo of its micro quantum particles and its new conscious state, might depend on the lastly evolved genome of the X-MPG. However, there are many more mysterious issues to be solved in future research, so this might not be a theory of everything on the main theme.
Fear, Partisanship and the Spread of COVID-19 in the United States
Authors: Kubinec Robert , Carvalho Luiz , Barceló Joan , Cheng Cindy , Messerschmidt Luca , Duba Derek , Cottrell Matthew Sean
Published: April 2020

In this paper we argue that the sociopolitical context of the COVID-19 pandemic is as important for understanding the spread of the disease as more conventional factors like social distancing policies and the capacity of the health care system. To do so, we analyze COVID-19 case and test data from the fifty United States during the first seven months on the pandemic. We also devise a Bayesian modeling approach for semi-parametric identification of the infection rate that permits us to undertake more sophisticated covariate adjustment than previous studies, incorporating mediation analysis to better understand why and how sociopolitical, economic and demographic factors affected different channels of transmission. Our results show that partisan identity is a powerful predictor of the spread of the disease by increasing dangerous mobility patterns and reducing people's fear of the pandemic.
Acting under Natural Laws
Authors: Wong Rita , Richards Kimberly
Published: April 2020

On 15 April 2019, Rita Wong, Barry Morris, Mel Lehan, Kyle Farquharson, and Will Offley stood trial in the BC Supreme Court, having been charged with criminal contempt of court for challenging an injunction and blockading the Trans Mountain Pipeline expansion on Burnaby Mountain. The five pleaded not guilty, invoking a “defence of necessity” and arguing that the imminent disaster of climate change and decades of government inaction had left them no alternative but to engage in civil disobedience. The BC Supreme Court sentenced Wong to twenty-eight days in prison. The statement Wong offered on 7 June 2019, at her sentencing, draws attention to the powerful performance architecture surrounding the state’s characterization of songs, prayers, and ceremonies as “civil contempt,” “civil disobedience,” and protest. Wong calls for respect for natural and Indigenous law, for a reciprocal relationship with the land, and for taking responsibility.
Canada Comes to CARIFESTA: The Caribbean International Festival of the Arts, Trinidad and Tobago, August 2019
Authors: Knowles Ric
Published: April 2020

This essay is an account of the author’s participation, as part of the Canadian delegation, in the fourteenth iteration of the Caribbean Festival of the Arts (CARIFESTA), held in Trinidad and Tobago in August 2019. The Canadian presence helped to realize the festival’s goals of Caribbean unification in ways that could perhaps only emerge from the diaspora.
Manejo de pacientes VIH con alto riesgo cardiovascular
Authors: Téllez Villalobos Isaac de Jesús , Clinton Nietzen Charles Frederick , Elizondo Valverde José Rodolfo
Published: April 2020

El aumento en la prevalencia global del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana, asimismo, el incremento de las manifestaciones cardiovasculares asociadas a esta enfermedad son temas relevantes en la medicina actual. El Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana cambio en su epidemiología, transformándose de una enfermedad aguda a una enfermedad crónica. La nueva generación de antiretrovirales, producen  menos efectos secundarios, aumentando así, la adhesión al tratamiento, lo cual resulta en una expectativa de vida cercana a la de la población en general. El control y tratamiento de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular son fundamentales en el manejo terapéutico. Los pacientes con un tratamiento óptimo no presentan un peor pronóstico que la población sin la infección, pero presentan un aumento de la tasa de recurrencias de complicaciones cardiovasculares.
Actualización de los trastornos de personalidad
Authors: Blanco Artola Carolina , Gómez Solorzano Natasha , Orozco Matamoros Dennis
Published: April 2020

Los trastornos de personalidad se encuentran entre las afecciones psiquiátricas más comúnmente experimentadas, comienzan en la adolescencia o en la edad adulta joven. Según el Manual Diagnostico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales en su quinta edición se pueden dividir en tres grupos en función de las similitudes clínicas: grupo A (paranoide, esquizoide y esquizotípico), grupo B (antisocial, límite, histriónico y narcisista), y el grupo C (evitativo, dependiente y obsesivo-compulsivo). Se diagnostica cuando las desviaciones culturales a largo plazo en la cognición, las emociones y el comportamiento interrumpen las actividades diarias o causan angustia. El manejo inicial se basa en la terapia cognitivo conductual como su primera línea de tratamiento, siendo de segunda línea el tratamiento farmacológico donde aún no han sido aprobados medicamentos para dicho trastorno en específico, siendo de uso únicamente para tratar síntomas específicos, es decir se utilizan como un complemento.
Editorial: Actual politics and the need of conceptual clarity
Authors: van der Maesen Laurent J.G.
Published: April 2020

The challenge of sustainability of all forms of life on this planet concerns directly the actors, agencies, and other forms of the sociopolitical/legal dimension of societies. This has been confirmed by all members of the BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) in the past decade, who said to follow the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development of the UN (2015). As argued by Marco Ricceri (2019), with the Paris Agreement in mind, these member states presented a self-imposed and relevant assignment, which will or should function as their frame of reference. His analysis of the recent history of this platform was also based on the current characteristics of the social quality approach which also are relevant for this editorial (IASQ 2019).
Analyse comparée du contenu du premier traité de physique canadien
Authors: Couillard Alain
Published: April 2020

Joseph-Édouard Cauchon rédige en 1841 les Notions élémentaires de physique, premier manuel de physique canadien. Inspiré de manuels français et de l'enseignement scientifique donné au Séminaire de Québec, ce traité de 124 pages contient des connaissances pratiques destinées, selon son auteur, à mousser les jeunes talents pour les arts usuels. Afin d'évaluer la portée des Notions, l’article présente une analyse comparée de ce traité en lien avec le contenu et la forme de manuels français et américains. Si les auteurs de traités destinés aux collèges royaux français sont fervents de précision et de savoirs abstraits, leurs homologues américains rédigeant des manuels pour les high schools semblent plus pragmatiques et plus favorables aux connaissances appliquées. Les racines de ces différences se situent dans les conditions institutionnelles et pédagogiques de l'utilisation des manuels. C'est dans ces mêmes conditions que semble résider l'échec des Notions : trop simples pour les collèges et trop complexes pour les écoles élémentaires.

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In 1841, Joseph-Édouard Cauchon wrote Notions élémentaires de physique, the first Canadian physics textbook. Inspired by French texts and by the teaching of science at the Séminaire de Québec, his 124-page treatise contains practical knowledge intended, according to its author, to inspire future scientists. In order to evaluate the impact of Notions, this article presents a comparative analysis of the book in relation to the form and content of French and American textbooks. While the authors of books destined for use in French collèges royaux are fervent about precision and abstract knowledge, their American counterparts, writing for high school students, seem to be both more pragmatic and more interested in applied knowledge. The roots of these differences are found in the educational and institutional contexts in which the textbooks were used. The failure of Notions can also be explained by context: its content was too simple for use in secondary schools and too complex for elementary students.
Umm Kulthum: A Legend or a Story of Will!
Authors: Soufi-Assaf Hind
Published: April 2020

This article sheds light on the life of a unique female performer who managed to earn the respect of the whole Arab nation through her art, at a time when public performance by a female was still considered to be a taboo. It aims at introducing the reader to a unique phenomenon in the Arab world which has contributed to reforming the perception of women professionals in the fields of music and singing.
Roundtable on Women in the Performing Arts
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: April 2020

“Women in the Performing Arts” was the subject of a round table discussion held at the Institute for Women’s Studies in the Arab World in January 2007. The participants were Nidal Ashqar, a pioneer actress and director, and the first Lebanese woman to manage her own theater Masrah al-Madina; Julia Kassar, renowned Lebanese actress and acting instructor; Joelle Khoury, pianist, composer, and founder of the Jazz quintet In-Version; Yasmina Fayed, singer in the troupe Shahadeen ya Baladna and assistant producer at Future Television; Pamela Koueik, singer and university student at LAU; Dima Dabbous-Sensenig, director of the Institute for Women’s Studies in the Arab World, and Mona Knio, guest editor of al-Raida. Due to space constraints, the following are excerpts from the two-hour discussion.
Politics of Piety: The Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject / Women’s Rights and Islamic Family Law: Perspectives on Reform
Authors: Weiss Max , Hamadeh Najla
Published: April 2020

Politics of Piety: The Islamic Revival and the Feminist SubjectAs interest continues to grow in what is occasionally called the global resurgence of religion, the importance of understanding and explaining the Islamic revival (al-sahwa al-islamiyya) has never been greater. Indeed, no longer the exclusive domain of scholars, students, and policymakers working in and around the Islamic world, the politics and practices of Islamism are now, suddenly,issues that matter to all. It is in this connection that Saba Mahmood’s Politics of Piety has already proved to stand as one of the most meaningful contributions to the field of Islamic studies over the past five years, with striking resonance across such disciplines as cultural anthropology, women’s studies, religion, and critical philosophy. Women’s Rights and Islamic Family Law: Perspectives on ReformRecently, Islam in general, and Islamic family law in particular, have been the object of much interest and research. The particular focus on family law is justified not only by the importance of families, the building blocks that constitute society and mold individuals, but also by the fact that Islamic family law is often the most resistant to change, as it is the hardest to disentangle from religious authority.
Unspeakable Love: Gay and Lesbian Life in the Middle East
Authors: Taylor Kevin
Published: April 2020

In the past several years, the state of gays and lesbians in the Middle East has been increasingly covered by scholars and journalists. While articles and formal research give varying pictures of specific situations, Brian Whitaker attempts to give a broad overview of the experiences of local gays and lesbians in this groundbreaking work. Whitaker, the Middle East editor for The Guardian newspaper, conducted an impressive amount of research in order to examine the familial, social, religious, and legal situations of gays and lesbians in the region. The result is a compelling read that conveys a balanced and thorough insight into regional gay life.
Transforming the World of Work for Gender Equality in the Arab Region
Authors: Esim Simel
Published: April 2020

The theme of the current issue of Al-Raida is “Transforming the World of Work for Gender Equality in the Arab Region”. The call for papers came out at a time of critical changes as uprisings started unfolding across the region. The uprisings have signaled the need to reconsider some of the long held thoughts and practices on gender equality issues.
Dress Practices in the Workplace Power Relations, Gender Norms and Professional Saudi Women’s Tactics
Authors: Le Renard Amélie
Published: April 2020

“Would you accept to work in a mixed-gender place (makan mukhtalat)?” “Would you uncover your face in the presence of men?” This is a sample of the questions included in a 2008 survey questionnaire distributed to Saudi women in a job fair organized by the private sector.1 The wording of the questions – that have no equivalent in questionnaires for men – suggests that the choice is exclusively theirs. But the fact is that professional women’s dress codes are subject to many restrictions in Saudi Arabia as well as in other parts of the world with, however, some variants specific to the Saudi context.
“Killing of Women in the Name of Honor”: An Evolving Phenomenon in Lebanon
Authors: Baydoun Azza Charara
Published: April 2020

A one-day expert group meeting called for by Rashida Manjoo, the UN special rapporteur on violence against women( hereafter VAW), was convened in the UNFPA New York headquarters on Wednesday October 12, 2011. Sixteen experts from different countries across the globe presented papers that portrayed the regional idiosyncrasies of the manifestations, root causes, and consequences of gender-motivated killings (femicide or feminicide). In addition to papers that presented concepts and related conceptual challenges, the presentations covered case studies from selected countries from Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, South East Asia, Canada, and Europe. Following is an updated version of the paper presented by Azza Charara Baydoun, a Lebanese researcher on women and gender issues.
Fading Photographs: Recollections of the Chouf in Caparaó
Authors: Ayres Myriam
Published: April 2020

Fading Photographs: Recollections of the Chouf in Caparaó
Women Reporting Violence: Conditions and Implications
Authors: Baydoun Azza Charara
Published: April 2020

Lebanese civil society organizations that work to promote the principles and values of human rights led the efforts to publicly expose the issue of violence against women (hereafter VAW) in the mid-90s of the last century. Since 2008, a coalition of these organizations has been working on a draft law that protects women from family violence, organizing media and advocacy campaigns, and lobbying with legislative bodies and policy makers to promote the passing of the bill. These campaigns with respect to the draft law are a culmination of a number of activities aimed at assisting battered women by lending an ear to their suffering; providing them with legal, medical, psychological, and professional support; and offering shelter to those in danger.
What do Lebanese Female Writers Think About the Draft Law to Protect Women from Domestic Violence?
Authors: Abdallah Fatima
Published: April 2020

The year 2011 is coming to a close and the legislative and executive branches of the government are still hesitant about tackling pressing issues that cannot befurther delayed. At the top of the list is the draft law for protecting women from family violence which was opposed, to varying degrees, by the clergy, politicians, and society in general. Adab, Fikr, Fann probed the opinions of some Lebanese female writers and intellectuals with respect to this issue.
Silent Shout Photography, Women, and the Iranian Rooftop (1953, 1979, 2009)
Authors: Hatton Brynn
Published: April 2020

The historical lineage of photographic representations of the rooftop in Iran, as keyed to three pivotal, modern moments — the 2009 elections, the 1979 revolution, and the 1953 coup — demonstrates how the roof functions as a space from which attempts by Iranian women to reorder, contest, and invert political relations through sound have been recurrently staged. This paper argues that representations from within this photographic lineage constitute a productive political transition between sonic and visual regimes; one that is actually enabled by the unsettling quality of silence made uniquely perceptible, or rendered singly, in the ambivalent vision of photography. Consequently, the images here considered problematize and expand Jacques Rancière’s theorization of the aesthetic formation of politics by questioning what might be accomplished politically in the failure to represent, proposing the idea that imaging silence in the midst of turbulent noise might engender a political representation of a different order. Of primary interest to this argument are two works completed in 2009 (Pietro Masturzo’s 2009 World Press Photo of the Year, “From the Rooftops of Tehran, June”, and Shirin Neshat’s multimedia adaptations of the surrealist Farsi novella Women Without Men), each of which formalize the way in which the specific setting of the rooftop, as something we might call, following Michel Foucault, a “heterotopic” site, activates this relationship of (in)audibility and political representation.
Predicament of Lebanese Women Married to Non-Lebanese: Field Analytical Study
Authors: Charafeddine Fahmia
Published: April 2020

The Lebanese Women’s Rights and the Nationality Law project is a joint projectbetween civil society and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). It isimplemented by the National Committee for the Follow up on Women’s Issues (CFUWI)and funded by UNDP. It aims at achieving equality between men and women in the field of citizenship. The project is not the first of its kind in Lebanon with respect to gender equality and citizenship, but it does present a new methodology to deal with this issue.
This is Lebanon ... A Loaded Phrase
Authors: Hornig Thomas
Published: April 2020

When I explain that I’ve had eighteen continuous years of residence in Lebanon; eighteen years as a professor at the Lebanese National Conservatory of Music; eighteen years of marriage to a Lebanese woman; eighteen years of demeaning and costly work permit/ residence permit renewals; eighteen years of living with no social safety net, no social security, no protection under the law, and no retirement beneﬁts; the hair-trigger response is always the same: “This is Lebanon”. This very loaded phrase is the ultimate deal-breaker. It implies apathy, frustration, a painful past and hopelessness. For a foreigner like me it represents an impasse, a ‘catch 22’.
Exploring Young Female Entrepreneurial Activity in the United Arab Emirates: Issues, Prospects, and Implications for the Region
Authors: Sidani Yusuf
Published: April 2020

This study attempts to sketch a profile of young female entrepreneurs in the Arab region as they start their business organisations and take the first few steps in the development of their business. It attempts to draw a profile of a number of local Emirati women entrepreneurs and their characteristics, what attracts them to their businesses, and the hurdles they face as they enter into their line of business. In addition, it outlines the makeup of their entrepreneurial businesses, and identifies some barriers that women face at the start-up stage, in addition to their entrepreneurial motivations and driving forces, satisfactions, and frustrations. This is preceded by a brief overview of models of female entrepreneurship and an exploration of previous research into female entrepreneurship and women status in the Arab region. To accomplish this, we conducted thirteen interviews with young female entrepreneurs to assess the special challenges facing them as they go about starting and running their business ventures. We tried to gauge the interviewees’ entrepreneurial activities, their satisfaction with their business ventures, and the perceived opportunities and obstacles that they face. While this study explores the specific case of the UAE, the wider implications on young female Arab entrepreneurs are discussed.
Women in Arab Parliaments: Can Gender Quotas Contribute to Democratization?
Authors: Dahlerup Drude
Published: April 2020

The Arab region has the lowest representation of women in parliament in the world: ten percent. Yet, seen in a ten-year perspective, the Arab region has witnessed the highest rate of increase, having started from a very low position. All over the world gender quotas are being adopted in order to rapidly increase women’s political representation. The Arab world is part of this new trend, and today eleven Arab countries have adopted electoral gender quotas. Globally, women are still vastly underrepresented in politics. Only 19 percent of the seats in the world’s parliaments are occupied by women, 81 percent by men (Inter-Parliamentary Union, 2010).
The Beach: The Politics of Gender in Modern Day Egypt
Authors: Allam Yasmine
Published: April 2020

Egyptian photography artist Nermine Hammam (b. 1967) created her controversialseries, Escaton, between 2009 and 2013, to document changing social norms in anincreasingly conservative Egypt. Photographing holidaymakers on a beach in Egypt,she depicts heavily veiled female bathers enjoying the sea alongside male companions.Hammam sets these images against grainy black and white photographs taken ofher grandparents basking in European attire, on a similar beach, in a secular andWesternized Egypt of the 1950s. As these disparate slices of time and place cometogether, what emerges is a strong and unexpected record of sexual politics in modernday Egypt, emphasized always by the sensuality of the water surrounding the figuresas a backdrop. Behind the stark differences in the outward aesthetics of dress, onebecomes aware of a powerful repetition of poses across both sets of images. The centralspace occupied by the woman remains unchanged despite society’s growing efforts toveil and conceal her. Confident and self-possessed, the woman as wife and mother sitsat the heart of each family unit holding the viewer with her powerful gaze, admittingus into her space. Men occupy the periphery of these images, leaning into the woman’sspace as footnotes to her central narrative. Unexpectedly, the camera reveals acontinuum of female strength across time.
Unjustifiable Means to Unjustifiable Ends: Delegitimizing Parliamentary Gender Quotas in Tunisia
Authors: Goulding Kristine
Published: April 2020

The Tunisian government, since independence in 1956, has been a major factor in creating and maintaining space for the women’s movement both in the domestic and political spheres. The state has been the chief agent of change, not only in introducing legislation, but also in seeking to alter the productive and reproductive roles of women (Murphy, 2003) – a process which has been mirrored in other states throughout the Middle East under the blanket term of “state-sponsored feminism” (Murphy, 2003, p.169; Brand, 1998, p. 9). The process of “instigation from above” (Hatem, 1999, p. 78) has both secured the state’s support of women’s right as well as transformed gender into a political instrument. The women’s movement in Tunisia enjoys the ideological and financial backing of the government, and has become part of a political strategy to enhance the legitimacy of the state. In short, the caprices (and benevolence) of President Ben Ali’s ruling Rassemblement Constitutionnel Démocratique (Constitutional Democratic Rally, RCD) have come to define the scope and magnitude of the rights of women, a process through which the feminist agenda has become closely (and dangerously) tied to the ruling party’s political agenda.
The Quota System in Sudan: Parties’ Perception of Ways to Enhance Female Political Participation
Authors: Kuku Niemat
Published: April 2020

This paper is a short version of the study by Niemate Kuku in which she discusses the quota system in the Sudan. It is important to note that the article was submitted prior to the 2010 presidential and parliamentary elections in Sudan that were held from April 11 to 15, 2010. Originally, the elections were to be held in Sudan from March to April 2009. They were postponed several times. President Omar al-Bashir’s party, the National Congress, won the elections and al-Bashir was confirmed as the winner.
Combating Violence against Women, Fathers and Sons for Citizenship and Festival of Lebanese Art Books
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: April 2020

In its process of raising awareness among Lebanese women concerning issues of violence and abuse, the Institute for Women’s Studies in the Arab World (IWSAW) at the Lebanese American University (LAU) in cooperation with the Embassy of the United States of America in Beirut organized a two-day workshop.
Editorial
Authors: Al-Ghafari, Iman
Published: April 2020

In 2003, I published a paper entitled “Is There a Lesbian Identity in the Arab Culture?” in al-Raida. Many years later, I was honored when al-Raida invited me to be a guest editor of a special issue. On a personal level, editing this issue offered me the chance to provide a critical analysis of the concept of lesbian subjectivity from a non-heteronormative lesbian perspective. It also provided several scholars with the platform to submit their views and papers on various topics that had largely been suppressed, misjudged, denied, or misunderstood in many places in the Arab world. Despite the fact that this issue appears to be a theme-less one, the selected papers are connected by a thread that revolves around lesbian issues, social activism, and the dilemma between integration and segregation both within andro-centric ‘Queer’ organizations and hetero-centric feminist organizations. Hence, this issue brings to the forefront various perspectives of self-identified lesbian scholars and social activists, and reveals the multiplicity of lesbian voices and their experiences in the Arab region. Moreover, central to this issue are the challenges of identity politics within the complicated socio-political structures of Arab cultures.