bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possibilities for Identifying the Malignant Vasculature of Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Samkovich E. V. , Panova I. E.
Published: June 2020

Choroidal melanoma is the most common and life-threatening intraocular malignant neoplasm affecting the eye choroid in about 90 % of cases. The incidence varies from 0.7 to 1.1 per 100,000 of the population. This category of malignant neoplasms is highly aggressive in terms of local distribution, the occurrence of loco-regional and distant metastases. According to various authors, the frequency of metastasis reaches up to 50 %, the risks of metastatic disease depend on the size of the tumor, the duration of observation, clinical and pathomorphological characteristics of the choroidal melanoma and genetic factors. This article provides a detailed literature review on the developmental aspects and growth dynamics of choroidal melanoma from the point of view of neoangiogenesis and the phenomenon of vasculogenic mimicry, and the possibilities of instrumental diagnostics for determining the malignant vasculature of a tumor. The relevance of studying this issue is determined by the peculiarities of the origin of choroidal melanoma, which can occur both de novo and due to malignant transformation from nevus cells and the critical point for it is a tumor thickness of more than 2 mm, at in which the the process of neoangiogenesis starts. This review details the role of various methods of instrumental diagnostics, such as doppler ultrasound imaging to determine the presence or absence of blood flow in the tumor and its blood flow characteristics, angiography using contrasts: fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherent tomography—angiography to identify the malignant vasculature and evaluation of tumor angioarchitectonics. It has been shown that in the diagnosis of especially small choroid melanomas, which are of significant diagnostic complexity, a multimodal approach using the above research methods is important. There is no doubt that these instrumental technologies aimed to identify the malignant vasculature of choroidal melanoma play a large role not only in diagnosis, but also are of considerable practical interest in planning treatment, in assessing its effectiveness, and also in predicting the risks of metastatic process development.
Features of the Content of Cellular Messengers of Inflammation in Eye Injuries
Authors: Sozurakova E. A. , Gromakina E. V. , Mozes V. G.
Published: June 2020

Eye injury is one of the actual problems in modern ophthalmology. Penetrating wounds of the cornea are the most significant among all eye injuries. New data on the course of inflammation in corneal injury will allow us to predict the course of the post-traumatic period and improve treatment outcomes. The corneal immune privilege is a unique system of protecting one’s own tissues from damage caused by systemic immunity reactions, which is realized through several mechanisms. Modern research shows that healing from corneal injury is a complex cascade of cellular reactions, the understanding of which is still far from consummation. It was described the regenerative potential of cell populations of the cornea when it was damaged. Contravention of barrier properties in injuries of the cornea deprives the organ of vision of immune privilege. This violation initiates the launch of the messenger pools of angiogenesis, remodeling and inflammation. Besides studying the interaction of cellular messengers in cornea trauma and inflammation, researchers pay great attention to cellular reactions. Recruitment of immune cells during corneal injury is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines released during damage from epithelial cells and keratocytes.
Feature of Ocular-Ischemic Syndrome in Patients with Cardiovascular Pathology. Literature Review
Authors: Frolov M. A. , Sakhovskaya N. A. , Frolov A. M. , Pryamikov A. D.
Published: June 2020

Vascular pathology of the vision organ is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss. Ocular ischemic syndrome is a serious condition that requires special attention to prevent adverse effects and outcomes. Today, this syndrome mainly occurs in the form of ischemic optic neuropathy and chronic ischemic retinopathy, which are based on damage caused by impaired perfusion in the pool of the ophthalmic artery. According to the data presented in foreign and domestic literature, there is an correlation between the ocular ischemic syndrome and the pathology of the cardiovascular system. Often, this pathology is accompanied by such diseases as: coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. A number of studies have shown that an important risk factor for the development of vascular eye’s pathology is the combination of coronary heart disease with elevated total blood cholesterol and atherosclerosis in combination with arterial hypertension. Also, there are data indicating the association of the risk of ischemic opticopathy with the presence of cardiovascular diseases in patients, and vice versa, previously transferred opticopathy can be considered as predictors of cardiovascular pathology. Thus, prevention and treatment of this pathology is an interdisciplinary problem. The classical approach in the treatment of ocular ischemic syndrome today remains conservative therapy, which aims to reduce local ischemia and the effects of hypoxia. However, conservative treatment does not eliminate the main reason for the development of this condition; therefore, the search continues for new, more effective methods of preventing and treating this pathology. In recent years, data on high clinical efficacy in the treatment and prevention of ocular ischemic syndrome manifestations have appeared in the literature after surgery to restore the main blood flow at the level of the brachiocephalic arteries. A variety of cardiovascular diseases and various levels of its damage determine the approach to the treatment of this pathology. This literature review is devoted to the analysis of the causes of ocular ischemic syndrome, depending on the level of localization of the lesion of the cardiovascular system.
Experimental Rationale for Using an Eximer Laser for Preparation of Ultrathin Graft for Posterior Lamellar Keratoplasty
Authors: Pashtaev A. N. , Pashtaev N. P. , Pozdeyeva N. A. , Mukhina I. V. , Izmailova S. B. , Korotchenko S. A. , Katmakov K. I. , Alieva S. S. , Kuzmichev K. N. , Malyugin B. E.
Published: June 2020

Purpose. To rationale experimentally the use of an excimer laser for forming an ultrathin transplant for posterior lamellar keratoplasty. Materials and methods. Atomic force microscopy was used for examination of 10 samples. Control group was 5 corneal flaps obtained by mechanical microkeratome (Moria SLK-2, France). Main group — 5 corneal flaps, obtained by microkeratome and underwent photoablation by “Microscan 500” (Optosystems, Troick, RF) excimer laser at 50 um depth. For quantification of endothelial loss 10 donor corneas (5 pairs) with viable endothelium, preserved in Borzenok—Moroz media, were used. Two groups were formed: main — 5 ultrathin transplants obtained by consistent application of microkeratome and excimer laser, control (from the paired eyes of same donors) — ultrathin transplants prepared by two cuts of microkeratome. Detection of live and dead endothelial cells (EC) was provided by Calcein Violet 450 and Propidium Iodide “vital” fluorescent dyes. Nonparametric Mann—Whitney test was used for statistical analysis. Coefficient of reliability (p < 0.05) was considered to be significant. Results. RMS (roughnessmean square) of the transplant, prepared by excimer laser was — 24.17 ± 12.4 um, and RMS of the transplant prepared by microkeratome — 22.3 ± 18.3 um. Statistical analysis did not reveal significant differences in RMS values in the mentioned groups (p > 0.05). EC death in excimer laser group was 10.35 ± 5.84 %. EC death in microkeratome group — 8.06 ± 1.31 %. No statistically reliable difference of EC death was revealed in the 2 groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The investigation has showed identical RMS values in the examined groups, representing high optical qualities of the transplant prepared by excimer laser. EC loss was also comparable in 2 groups. The received results indicate considerable potential of excimer laser transplants for posterior lamellar keratoplasty.
Inverted Posterior Femto-Keratoplasty: Quality of the Surface of the Corneal Section and Preliminary Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Pashtaev A. N. , Malyugin B. E. , Izmailova S. B. , Pashtaev N. P. , Kuzmichev K. N. , Alieva S. S. , Katmakov K. I.
Published: June 2020

Purpose. To evaluate the quality of the surface of an ultra-thin donor transplant prepared from the endothelial surface of the cornea using a femtosecond laser and to demonstrate the preliminary clinical results. Patients and Methods. 4 eyes were operated: 3 with Fuch`s endothelial dystrophy and 1 with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. All patients were treated with DSEK with an ultrathin graft prepared by Alcon Wavelight FS 200 femtosecond laser (Germany). Before and after surgery UCVA, BSCVA, astigmatism, ECD were measured. EC death, graft thickness and CCT were evaluated at 12 months` observation. Atomic force microscopy was used for examination of 10 samples. Control group was 5 corneal flaps obtained by mechanical microkeratome (Moria SLK-2, France). Main group — 5 corneal flaps, obtained by femtosecond laser. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical analysis. Coefficient of reliability p < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results. RMS value of femto-laser group samples was 18.6 ± 7.8 um. RMS of microkeratome group samples was 22.3 ± 18.3 um. Statistical analysis did not reveal significant differences between the values of the studied parameter in these groups (p > 0.05). Transparent engraftment was observed in all cases, no corneal edema was identified. BSCVA ranged from 0.2 to 0.6, which was associated with the presence of concomitant pathology. Astigmatism was 1.35 ± 1.0 D. ECD = 1526 ± 434 cells/mm2. EC loss = 48.0 ± 12.8 %. Graft thickness in the central zone was 78.0 ± 18.1 µm. Center-Edge Index — 0.84 ± 0.12. CCT = 600 ± 31 um. No postoperative complications were found. Conclusion. The developed settings allowed to obtain high-quality ultra-thin graft with a sufficiently uniform surface without a risk of perforation. Preliminary clinical results showed the method potential for restoration of corneal transparency. ECD loss corresponded to the one achievable by DSAEK.
Evaluation of the New Compression-Perimeter Test Effectiveness in the Early Diagnosis of Glaucoma
Authors: Volkov V. V. , Simakova I. L. , Tikhonovskaya I. A.
Published: June 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a new modification of the vacuum-perimeter test (VPT) by V.V. Volkov in the early diagnosis of glaucoma in comparison with the results of the original test and its known modification — vacuum-compression automated test (VCAT) in an open comparative clinical research. Patients and Methods. The study involved 26 patients (47 eyes) (average age 52.9 ± 8.5 years) with suspected open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Patients were divided into three groups: 1-st — 19 eyes with preglaucoma, 2-nd — 18 eyes with the early stage of OAG, 3-rd — 10 eyes of five patients with unconfirmed glaucoma. The control group (4-th) included 20 eyes of 10 healthy people (average age 56.4 ± 4.4 years). Along with the standard ophthalmological examination, all patients underwent perimetry on Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer II 745i (Germany-USA), our modification of Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) perimetry, evaluation of the optic nerve head (ONH) on Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT 3, Germany) and three stress tests: VPT, VCAT and our modification — vacuum-contrast-frequency test (VCFT). VCFT was created on the base of FDT perimetry with the aim of increasing the sensitivity of the original test (VPT) for detection of preglaucoma through the use of non-standard stimulus and increasing the number of investigated points of central visual field.  Results. According to the National classification (1975) the diagnosis of preglaucoma was determined on the basis of a positive result of at least one of three stress tests, taking into account the risk factors for the development of glaucoma in patients. The early stage of OAG was established on the base of International standards for structural and functional assessment of the ONH (2003). The specificity of all three compared stress tests was 100 %, which confirmed their negative results in all patients (10 eyes) from the 3-rd group. However, the sensitivity of VCFT (75 %) was significantly higher than VPT (21.05 %) and VCAT (21.05 %), which is due, we believe, to the specific nature of VCFT stimulus. Conclusion. According to the obtained data, the developed new modification of VPT — VCFT on the specificity of the results was not worse, and the sensitivity was better than the original VPT and VCAT in the diagnosis of preglaucoma. VCFT is quickly performed and comfortable for patients.
The Influence of the Variability of the Profibrinolytic Response of the Blood Vessel Wall on the Effectiveness of Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Part 3
Authors: Makogon S. I. , Momot A. P.
Published: June 2020

Purpose: study of the effect of dosed pneumatic vasocompression (DPVС) as part of complex therapy on functional indicators in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) depending on the characteristics of the individual profibrinolytic response of the vascular wall. Patients and methods. An additional analysis of data that was obtained earlier in 20 patients of the main group with stage II POAG was performed. Patients of this group, along with conservative drug therapy at the inpatient stage, underwent a course of DPVС, including 4 sessions of pneumocompression of the upper extremities (see previously submitted to print work — Non-pharmacological enhancement of fibrinolysis in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma. Part 2). According to the results of assessing the severity of the profibrinolytic response to pneumocompression, patients were conditionally divided into two groups: 1st group — with a high response to a single external mechanical effect, documented by an increase (∆) of t-PA / PAI 1 ≥1.00 (Me 1.57; 95 % CI 1.12–3.83); 10 patients, and the 2nd group — with a low response with ∆t-PA / PAI 1 <1.00 (Me 0.30; 95 % CI 0.20–0.37); also 10 patients. In the both groups, a comparative analysis of the hemostasis and fibrinolysis system indicators, as well as the functional parameters of the organ of vision, hydrodynamics and retinal sensitivity, was carried out. Results. It was revealed that in patients with a high response after external mechanical exposure there is an increase in t-PA level after 1 hour 1.88 times and after 24 hours 2.08 times from baseline (median). In contrast, in patients with low response, there was only a tendency for this indicator to increase after 1 hour (1.43 times, median) and return to baseline after 24 hours, which was not statistically significant. In patients with a high response to pneumocompression after the end of the course of complex therapy, the best results were observed, reflecting the indicators of hydrodynamics and photosensitivity of the retina. Conclusion. When selecting patients with POAG that require vasocompression, it is advisable, at the treatment course beginning, to evaluate the individual reaction of the wall of the blood vessels of the upper limb by changing the ratio of t-PA / PAI-1 before and 1 hour after the session. It is proposed to include DPVС in the composition of complex drug therapy for POAG in those cases when the ∆ ratio indicator t-PA / PAI-1 is equal to or more than 1.0.
Assessment of Influence of Various Eye Parameters in Emmetropia Children on Myopia Development
Authors: Sitka M. M. , Bodrova S. G. , Tikhonova O. I. , Pashtaev N. P. , Pozdeyeva N. A. , Okhotina T. N.
Published: June 2020

Purpose.To evaluate changes of anatomical and functional parameters of the eye in children with initial emmetropia and to assess their impact on the occurrence of myopia.Patients and methods. 189 children: 85 boys (44.97 %) and 104 girls (55.03 %) aged 7–11 years (mean 8.5 ± 1.01 years) with emmetropia were examined. Ophthalmic examination consisted of refractometry, keratometry with registration of the radius of corneal curvature (CR) on the RC-5000 autorefractometer (Tomey), visual acuity testing with and without correction, positive relative accommodation (PRA), optical biometry with axial length (AL) measurement were performed with a IOL-master biometer (Carl Zeiss).Results.87 schoolchildren (56 girls (64.4 %) and 31 boys (35.6 %)) of the 189 healthy children had myopia (p = 0.017) by the end of 5-year observation period. Myopia was more prevalent in girls (53.8 %) than boys (36.5 %). There was a statistically significant difference in the values of the ratio of the axial length to the CR in children with stable emmetropia and developing myopia: 2.9 ± 0.06 and 2.95 ± 0.07 (p < 0.001). PRA at the beginning of the study was lower in children with subsequent myopia in comparison with children with stable emmetropia (3.76 ± 0.72 diopters and 4.1 ± 0.7 diopters, p = 0.002). Change of AL was 0.58 ± 0.39 mm in healthy young children (7–8 years old) and 0.44 ± 0.29 mm — the oldest (9–10 years old) (p = 0.021). Increase of AL in case of myopia was 1.55 ± 0.67 mm in children of the younger age group and 1.13 ± 0.32 mm in the older one (p = 0.011).Conclusion.Higher ratio of the axial length to the radius of curvature of the anterior corneal surface was noted in children with developing myopia compared with stable emmetropia. Decline in positive relative accommodation before clinical manifestation of myopia was revealed. A greater increase of axial length was noted in children of 7–8 years of age compared with children of 9–10 years of age in groups with stable emmetropia and with developing myopia.
New Algorithm for Conservative Treatment of Patients with Keratoconus
Authors: Milyudin E. S. , Smorodinova O. Yu. , Kuchuk K. E.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of our study was to substantiate and evaluate the effectiveness of the conservative method of treating keratoconus in the early stages of the development of the disease. Patients and methods. The study of the effectiveness of the proposed method for the conservative treatment of keratoconus was performed on clinical material obtained by monitoring 39 patients (75 eyes) with a diagnosis of keratoconus stage I–III for at least 10 years. Every 4–6 months, all patients underwent an ophthalmological examination — visometry, autorefractometry, keratometry, keratotopography, pachymetry, biomicroscopy. Along with the study of the ophthalmic status of the patients, cardiointervalography was performed before starting conservative treatment. The assessment of vegetative homeostasis was performed using the Mustang-Diagnost device of the Technika company (Russia). Results. All patients observed by us were matched with corneal or corneoscleral gas-permeable contact lenses of various models and manufacturers. According to cardiointervalography, in 97 % of our patients vegetative dysfunction was determined, while in 85 % and all examined, a significant predominance of sympatheticotonic neurotrophic regulatory processes was determined. At the first stage of the conservative treatment of keratoconus pharmacological agents were selected. They potentiate cholinergic neurotrophic regulatory effects and activate aerobic processes in the tissues of the eyeball. The next step was the potentiation of sympathicotonic (ergotropic) neurotrophic regulatory processes. Treatment was carried out during the entire observation period, alternating complexes of preparations for 60 days. An increase in diopter strength along the steep meridian was noted in patients with keratoconus of all stages. In the group of patients with stage I keratoconus in 4 eyes out of 16, in patients with stage II disease in 7 eyes out of 35, in stage III patients in 7 eyes out of 24. Opposite, a study of the KISA % index in all observed patients showed a decrease in the coefficient values. Conclusions. The combination of therapeutic factors into tonic (trophotropic, anabolic) and phase (ergotropic, catabolic) regulatory blocks, taking into account their mutual neurodynamic synergism and in accordance with the phase nature of biorhythmogenesis of reparative processes, makes it possible to prevent the progression of keratoconus. The use of the treatment complex developed by us, which includes therapeutic treatment and correction with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses, corrects metabolic disorders and stabilizes collagen synthesis, which makes it possible to lay off the surgical treatment of patients with keratoconus.
Tear Replacement Therapy in Medical Support of Patients after Femto-LASIK Keratorefractive Surgery
Authors: Panova I. E. , Titov A. V. , Mirsaitova D. R.
Published: June 2020

Purpose— to analyze the effectiveness of artificial tear drops HYLOPARIN-COMOD® in the complex medical support of the FemtoLASIK operation based on monitoring of clinical, functional and morphometric indicators of the eye surface’s condition.Patients andmethods.The study included 25 patients (50 eyes) who underwent a keratorefractive surgery (Femto-LASIK) and were prescribed instillations of artificial tear drops HILOPARIN-COMOD®. To analyze the effectiveness of artificial tear drops HYLOPARIN-COMOD® in the complex medical support of the Femto-LASIK operation based on monitoring of clinical, functional and morphometric indicators of the eye surface’s condition: UCVA, BCVA, Schirmer’s II test, tear break-up time (Norn’s test), OCT pachymetry of the cornea and corneal flap. The treatment effectiveness was evaluated at 1 day, 1 week, 1 and 3 months after the surgery.Results.As a result of the treatment, the following refractive data were obtained: UCVA increased from 0.09 ± 0.02 to 0.94 ± 0.07 on the first day after surgery and to 0.96 ± 0.04 and 0.99 ± 0.07 to 1 and 3 months of follow-up, BCVA respectively, from 0.97 ± 0.04 to 0.94 ± 0.07, 0.97 ± 0.07 and 0.99 ± 0.07 after surgery. A faster restoration of the cornea and corneal valve was revealed, as evidenced by a decrease in their thickness already in the 1st week after surgery in comparison with the control group, where were more pronounced changes occur only by the 1st and 3rd month of observation (p ≤ 0.05). There was a significant increase in the basal secretion of the lacrimal gland (Schirmer’s II test) from 10.16 ± 1.33 to 11.66 ± 1.13 and 12.88 ± 0.96 µm by 1 and 3 months after surgical treatment, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). The Norn’s test increased from 10.89 ± 1.94 to 12.78 ± 1.59 and 13.83 ± 0.5 s to 1 and 3 months of treatment, respectively (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion.The effectiveness of the HILOPARIN-COMOD® use in the correction of the dry eye syndrome after keratorefractive operations has been proven. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that the HILOPARIN-COMOD® preparation enhances not only the stability of the tear film, but also the restoration of the OCT morphometric parameters of the thickness of the cornea and corneal flap.
Case Report of Myopia Correction by ReLEx SMILE in a Patient with Superficial Corneal Opacity
Authors: Maychuk N. V. , Mushkova I. A. , Mayorova A. M. , Shpak A. A.
Published: June 2020

Introduction.Reduced corneal transparency leads to dissipation of energy of the femtosecond laser (FSL), which may complicate the formation of the intrastromal incision and limits the use of FSL in eyes with corneal opacities and scars. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the possibility of successful ReLEx SMILE in a patient with superficial corneal opacity located in the paracentral zone.Case report.Patient R., 29 years old, complained of decreased vision in both eyes since childhood. Visual acuity OD = 0.1 sph –2.75D = 1.0; OS = 0.1 sph –3.50 D cyl –0.75D ax 165° = 1.0. Biomicroscopy of the right eye visualized a superficial semi-transparent corneal opacity of 5 x 3 mm located at 5.30–6 hours at a distance of 1.3 mm from the optical center. According to the anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) the depth of the opacity was 73–78 microns and was limited by the Bowman’s membrane. ReLEx SMILE for myopia correction was performed on both eyes with 6.7 mm lenticule diameter at a depth of 120 µm, which covered the opacity area by 1.1 mm. The surgery was standard and uncomplicated. Seven days postoperatively the patient did not complain. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 1.0 for both eyes (and binocularly it was 1.2). According to the AS-OCT data, a hyperreflective line of the interface zone was visualized on the right eye at the depth of 141–147 µm; the opacified superficial corneal layers were detected in the lower paracental zone over the interface line. In one month after the surgery the visual acuity did not change: UCVA = 1.0 in both eyes (binocularly 1.2).Conclusion.ReLEx SMILE technology can be considered as one of the options for myopia correction in patients with superficial corneal opacity located in the paracental zone. More observations are required to evaluate the effectiveness of this technology on corneas with paracentral opacities different in sizes and located at different depths.
Dynamically Changing Parallelism with the Asynchronous Sequential Data Flows
Authors: Legalov Alexander I. , Matkovskii Ivan V. , Ushakova Mariya S. , Romanova Darya S.
Published: June 2020

A statically typed version of the data driven functional parallel computing model is proposed. It enables a representation of dynamically changing parallelism by means of asynchronous serial data flows. We consider the features of the syntax and semantics of the statically typed data driven functional parallel programming language Smile that supports asynchronous sequential flows. Our main idea is to apply the Hoar concept of communicating sequential processes to the computation control on the data readiness. It is assumed that on the data readiness a control signal is emitted to inform the processes about the occurrence of certain events. The special feature of our approach is that the model is extended with the special asynchronous containers that can generate events on their partial filling. These containers are a stream and a swarm, each of which has its own specifics. A stream is used to process data which have identical type. The data comes sequentially and asynchronously at arbitrary time moments. The number of the incoming data elements is initially unknown, so the processing completes on the signal of the end of the stream. A swarm is used to contain independent data of the same type and may be used for the massive parallel operations performing. Unlike a stream, the swarm’s size is fixed and known in advance. General principles of the operations with the asynchronous sequential flows with an arbitrary order of data arrival are described. The use of the streams and the swarms in various situations is considered. We propose the language constructions which allow us to operate the swarms and streams and describe the specifics of their application. We provide the sample functions to illustrate the use of the different approaches to description of the parallelism: recursive processing of the asynchronous flows, processing of the flows in an arbitrary or predefined order of operations, direct access and access by the reference to the elements of the streams and swarms, pipelining of calculations. We give a preliminary parallelism assessment which depends on the ratio of the rates of data arrival and their processing. The proposed methods can be used in the development of the future languages and tool-kits of architecture-independent parallel programming.
Method of the Joint Clustering in Network and Correlation Spaces
Authors: Gainullina Anastasiia N. , Shalyto Anatoly A. , Sergushichev Alexey A.
Published: June 2020

Network algorithms are often used to analyze and interpret the biological data. One of the widely used approaches is to solve the problem of identifying an active module, where a connected subnetwork of a biological network is selected which best reflects the difference between the two considered biological conditions. In this work this approach is extended to the case of a larger number of biological conditions and the problem of the joint clustering in network and correlation spaces is formulated.

To solve this problem, an iterative method is proposed at takes as the input graph G and matrix X, in which the rows correspond to the vertices of the graph. As the output, the algorithm produces a set of subgraphs of the graph G so that each subgraph is connected and the rows corresponding to its vertices have a high pairwise correlation. The efficiency of the method is confirmed by an experimental study on the simulated data.
“VTMine for Visio”: Graphical Tool for Modeling in Process Mining
Authors: Shershakov Sergey A.
Published: June 2020

Process-Aware Information Systems (PAIS) is a special class of the IS intended for the support the tasks of initialization, end-to-end management and completion of business processes. During the operation such systems accumulate a large number of data that are recorded in the form of the event logs. Event logs are a valuable source of knowledge about the actual behavior of a system. For example, there can be found information about the discrepancy between the real and the prescribed behavior of the system; to identify bottlenecks and performance issues; to detect anti-patterns of building a business system. These problems are studied by the discipline called “Process Mining”.

The practical application of the process mining methods and practices is carried out using the specialized software for data analysts. The subject area of the process analysis involves the work of an analyst with a large number of graphical models. Such work will be more efficient with a convenient graphical modeling tool. The paper discusses the principles of building a graphical tool “VTMine for Visio” for the process modeling, based on the widespread application for business intelligence Microsoft Visio. There are presented features of the architecture design of the software extension for application in the process mining domain and integration with the existing libraries and tools for working with data. The application of the developed tool for solving various types of tasks for modeling and analysis of processes is demonstrated on a set of experimental schemes.
Research and Development of an Algorithm for the Response Time Estimation in Multiprocessor Systems Under the Interval Uncertainty of the Tasks Execution Times
Authors: Gonopolskiy Mark G. , Glonina Alevtina B.
Published: June 2020

The paper presents an algorithm for the worst case response time (WCRT) estimation for multiprocessor systems with fixed-priority preemptive schedulers and the interval uncertainty of tasks execution times. Each task has a unique priority within its processor, a period, an execution time interval [BCET, WCET] and can have data dependency on other tasks. If a decrease in the execution time of the task A can lead to an increase in the response time of the another task B, then task A is called an anomalous task for task B. According to the chosen approach, in order to estimate a task’s WCRT, two steps should be performed. The first one is to construct a set of anomalous tasks using the proposed algorithm for the given task. The paper provides the algorithm and the proof of its correctness. The second one is to find the WCRT estimation using a genetic algorithm. The proposed approach has been implemented software as a program in Python3. A set of experiments have been carried out in order to compare the proposed method in terms of precision and speed with two well-known WCRT estimating methods: the method that does not take into account interval uncertainty (assuming that the execution time of a given task is equal to WCET) and the brute force method. The results of the experiments have shown that, in contrast to the brute force method, the proposed method is applicable to the analysis of the real scale computing systems and also allows to achieve greater precision than the method that does not take into account interval uncertainty.
Complicaciones postquirúrgicas en intervenciones correctivas de labio y paladar hendido en pacientes pediátricos de un hospital de tercer nivel en Bucaramanga, Colombia 2013-2016
Authors: Sosa-Vesga Cristian David , Arenas-Camacho Laura Daniela , Moreno González Carlos Alfonso , Nazar-Meneses Francisco Javier , Pimiento Macías Andrés Felipe , Téllez Gamarra Diego Alejandro , Ramírez Rivero Carlos Enrique
Published: June 2020

Introducción: las hendiduras orofaciales son las malformaciones congénitas de cabeza y cuello más frecuentes en el mundo, con gran importancia epidemiológica por su alto impacto sobre la calidad de vida de la población. Este impacto está dado en gran parte por la presencia de complicaciones postquirúrgicas, por lo que es importante conocerlas, con el fin de aplicar estrategias de prevención o de corrección temprana. Objetivo: identificar las principales complicaciones posquirúrgicas de la cirugía correctiva de labio hendido, paladar hendido o ambos, en un hospital de tercer nivel en Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Se obtuvo la información de los registros de historias clínicas médicas, de pacientes cuya intervención quirúrgica fue realizada durante el período de enero de 2013 a diciembre de 2016. Resultados: se obtuvieron registros de 55 pacientes. La presentación conjunta de labio y paladar hendido fue la anomalía craneoencefálica más frecuente (70,9%). La complicación más frecuente fue la fístula oronasal (23,9% de pacientes con compromiso del paladar), seguida por la dehiscencia de la herida quirúrgica (3,6%). Se encontró un mayor porcentaje de complicaciones postquirúrgicas en el sexo masculino. Conclusión: la complicación postquirúrgica de corrección de labio y/o paladar hendido más frecuente encontrada en la muestra fue la fístula oronasal. MÉD.UIS. 2018;31(2):25-32.
Dermatomiositis asociada al cáncer de mama: características clínicas, complicaciones y tratamiento
Authors: Sosa-Vesga Cristian David , Pardo-Parra Laura Marcela , Martinez Leon Sergio Educardo , Camargo Tarazona David René , Niño Rodríguez Álvaro Enrique
Published: June 2020

El cáncer de mama es un importante problema de salud pública. Aunque es infrecuente, uno de los síndromes paraneoplásicos del cáncer de seno es la dermatomiositis. Es necesario que el clínico tenga conocimientos sobre cómo diagnosticarla y tratarla adecuadamente. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre la clínica, complicaciones y tratamiento de la dermatomiositis en el cáncer de mama. Se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas, incluyendo un total de 34 artículos, abarcando ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, metaanálisis, artículos originales descriptivos y analíticos y reportes de caso. La dermatomiositis puede presentarse antes, durante, o después del cáncer de mama. Son frecuentes las complicaciones pulmonares, que pueden llegar a ser letales. La dermatomiositis aumenta las complicaciones por radioterapia y la mortalidad en los pacientes con cáncer de seno. El tratamiento farmacológico consiste en la aplicación de glucocorticoides a dosis según necesidad del paciente. MÉD.UIS. 2018;31(2):41-7.
Infección por el virus de la Hepatitis B en el embarazo
Authors: Toro-Rendón Luis Guillermo
Published: June 2020

Introducción: la infección por el virus de la hepatitis B constituye un importante problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, pues genera una gran carga de morbilidad y mortalidad relacionada con cirrosis y hepatocarcinoma. En áreas de alta prevalencia la transmisión vertical constituye una fuente importante de infección. Objetivo: revisar la presentación de la infección por virus de la hepatitis B en el embarazo y ofrecer pautas para el manejo de esta entidad. Metodología de búsqueda: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Pubmed, LILACS, SciELO y el motor de búsqueda Google Scholar, de artículos publicados hasta agosto de 2017, utilizando los términos hepatitis B virus AND infection AND pregnancy. Se restringió la búsqueda a artículos de los últimos quince años, en inglés y español, incluyendo artículos de revisión, estudios clínicos controlados y metaanálisis. Se obtuvieron en total 535 manuscritos para revisión, de los cuales 52 fueron referenciados. Desarrollo del tema: los hijos de madres seropositivas para el antígeno de superficie de la hepatitis B deberían recibir inmunoglobulina y vacunación contra la hepatitis B en las primeras doce horas de nacimiento, lográndose reducir la tasa de transmisión vertical desde más del 90% a menos del 10%. La terapia antiviral, al ser administrada en el tercer trimestre de gestación, puede prevenir la falla inmunoprofiláctica, y debería utilizarse en madres con alto riesgo de trasmisión vertical. Datos recientes apuntan acerca de la seguridad de Tenofovir en el embarazo, siendo actualmente el medicamento de elección. Conclusiones: el tamizaje universal en la gestante para la infección por el virus de la hepatitis B es una medida costoefectiva para reducir la transmisión vertical. Los niveles elevados de antígeno de superficie del virus de la hepatitis B y la carga viral materna, así como la presencia de antígeno e, se asocian a mayor riesgo de transmisión vertical. La combinación de inmunoglobulina y vacunación para hepatitis B, administradas dentro de las doce horas posteriores al nacimiento, se asocian a reducción de la tasa de transmisión vertical. El Tenofovir es la mejor opción terapéutica como terapia antiviral iniciado en las semanas 28-32 de gestación en aquellas gestantes con alto riesgo de transmisión de la infección. MÉD.UIS. 2018;31(2):49-56.
Revisión de la clasificación y diagnóstico de malformaciones mullerianas
Authors: Velandia-Avendaño María Camila , Sepúlveda-Agudelo Janer
Published: June 2020

Las malformaciones mullerianas son un grupo de alteraciones ginecológicas que presentan una sintomatología variable, la cual fluctúa entre amenorrea primaria, dispareunia, disfunción sexual, dolor, masas pélvicas, endometriosis, hemorragia uterina anormal, infección, aborto recurrente espontáneo y parto prematuro, e incluso puede ser asintomática. Se requiere una clasificación de estas malformaciones que permitan un adecuado entendimiento, diagnóstico y tratamiento; por otro lado, es de vital importancia el diagnóstico temprano en los casos sintomáticos, que permitan tratamiento quirúrgico adecuado de cada anomalía, con el fin de evitar complicaciones ginecológicas y obstétricas, tales como: esterilidad, hematómetra, piometra, gestación ectópica en cuerno rudimentario y restricción de crecimiento intrauterino. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la clasificación actual de las malformaciones Mullerianas y determinar cuáles son los estudios imagenológicos, que según la evidencia, son los más recomendados para realizar un diagnóstico adecuado de esta patología. MÉD.UIS. 2018;31(2):57-63.
Impact of genital hair removal on female skin microenvironment: barrier disruption and risk of infection, a literature review
Authors: Romero-Gamboa Daniel Giovanny , Díaz-Martínez Luis Alfonso , Díaz-Galvis Marta Lucía , González-Blanco Diana Paola
Published: June 2020

Genital hair is one of the secondary sexual traits that marks the beginning of puberty; its removal has been part of human culture since ancient times. This practice may lead to modifications in vaginal microbiome with potential repercussions on skin health and balance. We conducted a narrative review with the purpose of describing normal skin microbiota, its impact under microenvironment changes and genital hair removal. Menses, pathological conditions and pubic hair removal may alter vaginal microbiota, being the latter of special relevance giving the risk of hair microtrauma, irritations and potential spread of infectious agents. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(3):27-33
Zagrożenia duchowe uniwersytetu
Authors: Miczyński Jan K.
Published: June 2020

Pierwotnie rolą uniwersytetu było tworzenie społeczności profesorów i studentów, której celem było poznawanie prawdy i kształtowanie według niej życia. W paradygmat uczelni wpisany był rozwój osobowy człowieka – intelektualny, wolitywny, moralny, uczuciowy – kulminujący w życiu duchowym. Współcześnie daje się zaobserwować różne procesy, które proponują zmianę tego wcześniejszego modelu. Ujmują one w sposób redukcjonistyczny samego człowieka bądź też dążą do tego, by uniwersytet „użyć” do własnych celów partykularnych. Wszystko to sprawia, że rozwój duchowy społeczności ludzkiej, dokonujący się m.in. dzięki kulturze uniwersyteckiej, często jest zagrożony. Tym samym na horyzoncie dziejów pojawia się widmo antyintelektualizmu, antykultury, antyhumanizmu, antyreligii. Ten niebezpieczny proces dostrzega już wielu współczesnych autorów. Niniejszy artykuł jest propozycją nazwania tychże zagrożeń i ich usystematyzowania, jak również poszukiwaniem odpowiedzi na niepokojące współczesne znaki czasu. Kluczem hermeneutycznym tychże rozważań jest zaś rozumienie człowieka jako osoby stworzonej na obraz i podobieństwo Osobowego Boga.
L’università al servizio dell’uomo integrale
Authors: Clavell Lluís
Published: June 2020

Uniwersytet w służbie człowieka integralnego

Autor rozpoczyna artykuł podaniem dwóch przykładów na temat pracy zawodowej wykonywanej z doskonałym przygotowaniem i umożliwiającej świadczenie pomocy człowiekowi w jego wymiarze personalnym i społecznym. Opowiada się za modelem uniwersytetu, który zdobywa i przekazuje wiedzę w służbie człowiekowi i społeczeństwu. Temu winna służyć współpraca różnych dyscyplin naukowych w uniwersytecie, a przygotowanie kadry naukowej winno być ukierunkowane na rzetelne badania naukowe i właściwy przekaz dydaktyczny.
Cała teologia w służbie integralnej formacji duchowej studentów
Authors: Sawa Przemysław
Published: June 2020

Teologia jako rozumowa refleksja nad Bożym Objawieniem wciąż pozostaje w służbie wierze indywidualnego człowieka i wierze Kościoła, a przez to oddziałuje na społeczeństwo i doczesną rzeczywistość świata. Teologia ze swej natury musi oddziaływać na życie, przede wszystkim na codzienność samego teologa, jak również studentów. W ten sposób realizuje się formacyjny charakter studiowania nauk świętych.

Formacja obejmuje więc usłyszenie słowa zbawienia i jego asymilację w życiu, co prowadzi do myślenia i działania zgodnego z Ewangelią. Dlatego niezbędnym komponentem teologii pozostaje życie duchowe, zwłaszcza modlitwa, przyjmowanie sakramentów i uczestniczenie w codzienności Kościoła. Obejmuje to najpierw wykładowców teologii.

Realizację tych celów można osiągnąć przez kerygmatyczne nachylenie teologii, otwarcie na dialog oraz transdyscyplinarność. Świat dzisiejszy bowiem potrzebuje teologii odnajdującej się w meandrach myślenia współczesnych. Jednocześnie konieczne staje się, by absolwent studiów teologicznych swobodnie poruszał się po wszystkich przestrzeniach teologii, a nie pozostał na poziomie wąskich zainteresowań i specjalizacji. Ten wymóg współczesnych czasów domaga się więc od Kościoła nowego integralnego spojrzenia na teologię, uprawianą we wspólnocie wierzących oraz w kontekście świata coraz bardziej zsekularyzowanego. Czas wrócić do holistycznej wizji życia, świata, teologii.
La possessione demoniaca nei santi
Authors: Nanni Gabriele
Published: June 2020

Opętanie demoniczne u świętych

Bardzo rzadkie są przypadki, kiedy święci mają doświadczenie opętania. Jeszcze rzadziej są one pisemnie dokumentowane. Oczywiście istnieją świadectwa o tym, że święci byli gwałtownie atakowani przez demona, ale bardzo niewiele mówi się o przypadkach opętania czy zniewolenia. Istnieje bogata dokumentacja dwóch przypadków osób ogłoszonych świętymi – chodzi o dwie karmelitanki: św. Marię Magdalenę de’ Pazzi (1566-1607) i św. Marię Baouardy (1846-1878), „Małą Arabkę”. Przykład świętych, którzy byli za życia czasowo opętani, tworzy bogate źródło bardzo ważnych i praktycznych informacji na temat mocy Bożej i roli szatana w ekonomii zbawienia człowieka. Informacje te mogą pomóc w refleksji teologicznej oraz samym egzorcystom, a także – jako pocieszenie – dla wszystkich, którzy podobnych stanów doświadczają. Święci, opętani przez demona, uczą nas jak i dlaczego tak się dzieje, jak również świadczą, że ponad wszystkim jest miłosierny i pełen mocy Bóg, który ocala człowieka.
Communication Strategy For Women Organizations In Minimizing Female Violence During Pandemic
Authors: Mahardika Dzikrina Asqha
Published: June 2020

The emergence of pandemic Covid-19 which struck many countries reveals a veil from the viewpoint of the women's world. Besides women are easily infected with Covid-19, apparently women are also prone to violence because of their pandemic. This research used qualitative descriptive research. The research concentrate on communication strategies and used Ledinghem Burning's theory of Relationship Management Theory. The research also took samples of women's organizations that concentrate on dealing with cases of violence against women who are Legal Resource Center for Justice Gender and Human Rights (LRC-KJHAM) Central Java province. Researchers were looking for data from primary and secondary sources. Data collection techniques of this study were interview techniques and documentation. The results of this research was to know the strategy of communication implemented by LRJ-KJHAM in minimizing the occurrence of women violence in the pandemic is known as the Central Java region. The research also shows that the Relationship Management Theory was applied by the LRC-KJHAM manager so that the women remain protected from violence despite the health protocol when the Covid-19 runs strictly.
SOVYET ASKERİ ENDÜSTRİYEL KOMPLEKSİ VE SOSYAL İKTİDAR
Authors: BUDAK Özgür
Published: June 2020

Askeri endüstriyel kompleks kavramı bütçeden yapılan askeri harcamaları arttırmak ve daha büyük pay elde etmek için sanayi kuruluşları, laboratuvar ve üniversiteler ile bürokrat ve siyasa yapıcıları arasında kurulan gevşek bir ittifakı işaret etmektedir. Soğuk savaş yıllarında kapitalist olmayan toplumlarda, özellikle Sovyetler Birliğinde askeri endüstriyel kompleks üzerine çalışmalar sınırlı kalmıştır. Doğu bloğunun yıkılmasından sonra arşivlere ulaşım ile Sovyet modelinde askeri endüstri üzerine çalışmaların sayısı artmıştır. Bu çalışmada tarihsel sosyolojik perspektiften Sovyet toplumundaki elit dinamikleri, popüler militarizm ve sosyal hiyerarşinin oluşumunda askeri sanayi ve bunun etrafında inşa edilen iktidar yapılarının rolü gösterilmektedir. Kurumsal yapı olarak savunma sanayisinin dönüşümü, bürokratikleşme ve sovyet kentleşmesi dinamikleri arasındaki destekleyici ilişki devletin savaşa hazırlık süreçlerinin toplumsal iktidarı nasıl şekillendirdiği analiz edilmektedir.
Microplastics Pollution in the Aquatic Environment: Problems and Challenges
Authors: Dolatabadi Maryam , Ahmadzadeh Saeid
Published: June 2020

This article is a Letter to the Editor and does not include an Abstract.