bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why Small Business Lending Isn’t What It Used to Be
Authors: Wiersch Ann Marie , Shane Scott
Published: January 2020

Since the Great Recession, bank lending to small businesses has fallen significantly, and policymakers have become concerned that these businesses are not getting the credit they need. Many reasons have been suggested for the decline. Our analysis shows that it has multiple sources, which means that trying to address any single factor may be ineffective or make matters worse. Any intervention should take all of the many causes of the decline in small business lending into consideration.
Housing Recovery: How Far Have We Come?
Authors: Hartley Daniel A. , Fee Kyle
Published: January 2020

Four years into the economic recovery, housing markets have finally started to improve. While many indicators of activity indicate recent growth, comparing over time and across the United States suggests that many regional housing markets are looking better now only in comparison to where they were during the recession. The recovery in housing markets does appear to be gaining steam, but it remains a work in progress in many places.
The Limitations of Foreign-Exchange Intervention: Lessons from Switzerland
Authors: Humpage Owen F.
Published: January 2020

Since the mid-1990s, monetary authorities in most large developed countries have backed away from foreign-exchange intervention—buying and selling foreign currencies to influence exchange rates. Switzerland's recent experience goes a long way to illustrate why: Foreign-exchange intervention did not afford the Swiss National Bank with a means of systematically affecting the franc independent of Swiss monetary policy, and it left the Bank exposed to foreign-exchange losses. To affect exchange rates, central banks must change their monetary policies.
Meningkatkan Minat Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Penjas Senam Lantai Melalui Permainan Pada Siswa Kelas X IPA 1 SMAN 4 Kota Sukabumi
Authors: Nugraheni Wening , Supena Gilang Hergiwa
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat siswa dalam pembelajaran penjas materi senam lantai dengan bentuk-bentuk permainan dalam senam lantai pada siswa kelas X IPA 1 SMAN 4 Kota Sukabumi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan instrumen penelitian adalah angket minat siswa, lembar observasi dan catatan lapangan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPA 1 SMAN 4 Kota Sukabumi tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 34 orang. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis persentase. Berdasarkan hasil angket minat siswa menunjukkan bahwa minat siswa dalam pembelajaran penjas materi senam lantai setelah diberikan tindakan yaitu pembelajaran menggunakan bentuk-bentuk permainan dalam senam lantai adalah sebanyak 12,55% minat siswa dalam kategori suka sekali (SS), 42,16% minat siswa dalam kategori suka (S), 32,35% minat siswa dalam kategori kurang suka (KS), 8,43% minat siswa dalam kategori tidak suka (TS) dan 2,74% minat siswa dalam kategori sangat tidak suka (STS). Selain hasil dari angket minat siswa, hasil ini juga didukung dengan lembar observasi dan catatan lapangan selama satu siklus penelitian tindakan kelas sebanya tiga kali pertemuan.Kata Kunci: Minat, bentuk permainan, Senam Lantai, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas.
DORMANCY OVERCOMING OF Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke. (CAESALPINOIDEAE) SEEDS
Authors: Fernandes Renata de Oliveira , Pinho Neto Odario Lima , Santos Jaciara Sousa , Almeida Antonia Débora da Silva , Picanço Lanna Idalina Batista , Maciel Caciara Gonzatto
Published: January 2020

Paricá is a large tree, reaching between 15 and 40 m in height and 50 to 100 cm in DBH (diameter at breast height), when measured at distance of 1.3 m from the ground. Most leguminous species, such as paricá, have exogenous integument-type dormancy. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the germination of Schizolobium amazonicum seeds collected in the northeastern region of the state of Pará. Treatments to overcome dormancy were: (T0) control (without treatment); (T1) - immersion in water at 100 °C during 10 m; (T2) manual scarification with # 40 sandpaper at the top of the seed, opposite to the embryo; and (T3) mannual topping. For the germination of S. amazonicum seeds, tegument scarification with sandpaper showed to be the most effective pre-germinative treatment, with higher germination and normal seedlings percentage. This technique has low cost and is easy to be applied by nurserymen.
VIABILIDADE DE SEMENTES DE Senegalia polyphylla PELO TESTE DO TETRAZÓLIO
Authors: De Lima Tamires Leal , Cunha Maria do Carmo Learth
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a viabilidade de sementes de Senegalia polyphylla (DC.) Britton & Rose pelo teste de tetrazólio. Foram testados dois tempos de embebição (36 e 42 horas) conduzidos na temperatura de 30ºC, dois tempos de imersão (3 e 6 horas) e três concentrações da solução de tetrazólio (0,075; 0,1 e 0,5%), perfazendo 12 tratamentos, com 4 repetições de 25 sementes cada. Foram avaliadas as porcentagens de sementes viáveis, vigorosas, viáveis e não vigorosas e inviáveis. O delineamento estatístico foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x2x2, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os resultados apontaram que o tempo de imersão foi determinante na avaliação da viabilidade das sementes de S. polyphylla, sendo 6 horas o mais indicado. A avaliação das sementes foi dificultada na concentração de 0,5% de cloreto de 2, 3, 5 trifeniltetrazólio. Sugere-se a concentração de 0,075% e o tempo de embebição de 36 horas, por serem mais econômicos e rápidos, para a condução do teste. O teste de tetrazólio adaptado para sementes de S. polyphylla quando comparado com o teste padrão de germinação mostrou-se eficiente para avaliação da viabilidade de sementes da espécie.
CONTROLE DE Aspergillus welwitschiae E DA PODRIDÃO VERMELHA COM RESÍDUO LÍQUIDO DO DESFIBRAMENTO DAS FOLHAS DE SISAL
Authors: DA SILVA RAFAEL MOTA , Brito Sara Samanta da Silva , Do Carmo Cristiano Oliveira , Soares Ana Cristina Fermino
Published: January 2020

Cultura com importante papel socioeconômico para o semiárido nordestino, o Sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) concentra sua produção no Brasil principalmente no estado da Bahia. Nas últimas décadas, tem ocorrido um decréscimo na produtividade de sisal devido à ocorrência da doença podridão vermelha causada pelo fungo Aspergillus welwitschiae. Objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar o potencial do resíduo oriundo do desfibramento das folhas de sisal, fermentado em condições naturais de campo, para o controle de A. welwitschiae e da podridão vermelha, por meio de testes in vitro, em segmentos de caule de sisal e em mudas de sisal. O patógeno foi isolado de plantas de sisal com sintomas da doença de uma área de produção de sisal no município de São Domingos – BA, foi avaliado o potencial de inibição do crescimento micelial e esporulação de A. welwitschiae em meio de cultura BDA contendo a calda nas concentrações de 0%, 25%, 50% e 75%, e em segmentos do caule do sisal e mudas a calda foi avaliada nas concentrações 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%. A calda do resíduo líquido do desfibramento das folhas de sisal causou inibição do crescimento micelial do A. welwitschiae de 89,8% e 100% nas concentrações de 50% e 75%. Em disco de caule de sisal a calda promoveu o controle da esporulação do A. welwitschiae nas concentrações de 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%. Em mudas de sisal, a calda reduziu a severidade da doença, mas não promoveu o controle de 100% da doença. A calda do resíduo fermentado de sisal tem efeito tóxico ao patógeno em função do aumento da concentração, atuando no controle de A. welwitschiae e reduz a severidade da podridão vermelha em mudas de sisal.
PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION EFFICIENCY IN SOYBEAN CULTIVARS INDICATED FOR CERRADO TROPICAL SOIL REGIONS
Authors: Da Silva Felipe Ferreira , Gonçalves Junior Deurimar Herênio , Cruz Gisellya da Silva , Lima Wallysson Nascimento , Lima Roldão Carlos Andrade , De Sousa Lima Mickaelle Alves
Published: January 2020

Phosphorus deficiency (P2O5) is among the main abiotic stresses that limit soybean production in cerrado soils. Its low availability in soils, especially in the more weathered and acidic ones, the increased demand and its scarcity estimations leadto the need for the development of cultivars more efficient in the use of this mineral. This experiment was conducted under field conditions in the municipality of Imperatriz, state of Maranhão, Brazil, under planosol conditions, in a randomized complete block design, with treatments arranged in a 2x4 factorial scheme with four replicates, four P levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), and two soy bean cultivars (BRS 333 RR and BRS 9180 IPRO) indicated for tropical regions or Brazilian cerrado. In this study, P2O5 efficiency use was evaluated based on plant height, shoot dry mass (SDM), pod dry mass (PDM) and number of pods (NP). BRS 333 RR cultivar obtained the highest efficiency with doses of 84.35 kg ha-1 and 94.46 kg.ha-1, producing 696,76.76g e 86,72.06g for SDM and PDM respectively, average height of94.15 cm with 123.98 kh.ha-1 and phosphate fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) of 13%
Hadfield’s procedure for Duct Ectasia; The histopathological spectrum.
Authors: Usmani Fareya , Munir Imran , Jadoon Ghazanfar Saleem , Shams Nadia
Published: January 2020

Objectives: Mammary duct ectasia, a benign condition of breast is a diagnostic challenge both for surgeon and histo-pathologist. Duct ectasia is commonly encountered in clinical practice and its histo-pathological spectrum needs to be studied in detail in our patients. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences Karachi after ethical approval. Period: 24 months from June 2016-June 2018. Material & Methods: Total 104 female patients (>18 years) were included after informed consent. Patients presenting with lump in breast, breast pain, tenderness or nipple discharge were screened by ultrasound breasts or mammography. Pregnant women, patients having high grade fever, hematological abnormalities, coagulopathy, axillary lymphadenopathy, papilloma of nipple, galactocele, lactating mothers and those with past history of malignancy were excluded. Only those cases were included that had diagnosis of duct ectasia on ultrasound breast. Cone excision (Hadfield’s operation) was performed after pre-requisites and histo-pathological findings were documented. Patients were kept admitted under observation for minimum 24 hours and then followed up with histo-pathology report. Results: Amongst 104 cases, mean age was 41+6.35(range=30-50) years. The mean duration of symptoms was11.6+5.76 (range=1-24) months. 72(69%) women were married and 32(30.8%) were unmarried. As per histo-pathology report duct ectasia was found in 102(98%), hyperplasia in 61(58.7%), metaplasia in 41(39.4%) and atypical cells in 2(1.9%) samples. Conclusions: Current study demonstrated final outcome of metaplasia in thirty nine percent cases with initial clinical and sonographic diagnosis of duct ectasia. This suggests the triple technique evaluation (i.e. clinical assessment, ultrasound breast/mammography along with histo-pathological assessment) to identify cases with metaplasia. The high risk cases should be frequently followed with clinical assessment and imaging along with BRCA 1 & 2 gene for timely detection and intervention of breast malignancy.
Student’s perception about Modular teaching and various instructional strategies in the subject of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Authors: Fatima Umber , Naz Mubashra , Zafar Humaira , Fatima Anees , Rasool Khan Rizwan
Published: January 2020

Many modifications have been introduced in the field of medical education in recent past with a shift from didactic to more student focused teaching strategies. Modular study system for final year MBBS students was introduced in the subject of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2018 session. Objectives: To determine the students′ perception about modular teaching and various instructional strategies through feedback in the subject of Obstetrics and Gynecology at undergraduate level. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: University Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad. Period: 1st January to 30th October 2018. Material & Methods: Eight modules were designed in the subject of obstetrics and gynecology for final year MBBS students. In order to ascertain the quality of teaching and to monitor the effectiveness of teaching methodologies, feedback was obtained.  A written questionnaire was designed to collect feedback. Interpretation of collected data was performed on SPSS 20. Results: Total 136 students participated in study by giving back properly filled questionnaire. Modular teaching was appreciated as an effective method by 93.4% students. Case based teaching, small group sessions and problem based learning were considered most favored teaching methods (97.7%, 97.1% and 94.85%) respectively by the students. Conclusion: Modular teaching was found to be an interesting and a useful teaching - learning experience by majority of students. Almost all students showed positive acceptance for various teaching methods. Students’ feedback was also useful in identifying course components that need improvement so that appropriate measures can be made to improve the overall quality and effectiveness of the course in future.
Comparison of Harmonic Scalpel versus conventional hemostasis in Thyroid surgery in terms of per-operative and postoperative outcome.
Authors: Ali Mumtaz , Murtaza Mudassar , Aleem-ud-Din Mohammad , Ud Din Mohammad Burhan , Sarwar Assam , Aslam Ansar
Published: January 2020

Harmonic scalpel is popular for use in a variety of surgical procedures including thyroid surgery. Proposed advantages of the harmonic scalpel include less lateral thermal tissue damage with no electrical energy transferred to the patient, no neuromuscular stimulation, less smoke formation as compared with electrocautery. Objectives: Our aim was to compare outcomes following thyroid surgery in terms of operative time, postoperative pain, drainage volume, recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid gland injury with the use of the Harmonic Scalpel compared to conventional methods of hemostasis. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Surgical Department Lahore General Hospital. Period: Twelve Months June 2016 to June 2017. Material & Methods: 60 patients, 30 in each group. Patients were randomized in each group by balloting method. Operative time, postoperative pain and drainage volume was assessed during hospital stay. Recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid gland injury was assessed during hospital stay and follow-up. Results: There was no significant difference in development of hoarseness of voice in both groups, p-value > 0.05. The mean operative time for group A was 69.47 ± 15.44 minutes and for group B it was 54.93 ± 11.56 minutes, p-value <0.05. The overall blood loss in group-A and group-B was 118.73 ± 50.72 ml and 44.60±10.70 ml, p-value<0.05. The mean post-op pain observed at 2nd day for group B was 2.93 ±3.57 and for group A it was 3.57±0.77, p-value < 0.05. Conclusion: Use of Harmonic Scalpel has better results in thyroid surgery in terms of less operative time, less postoperative pain, less drainage volume, while no RLN & parathyroid injury detected in either group.
Hypoglycemia in Newborns with risk factors of hypoglycemia.
Authors: Mazari Muhammad Ejaz , Rehman Fazal ur , Zafar Muhammad Ashfaq
Published: January 2020

Objectives: Hypoglycemia is a matter of great concern especially in newborns. Its prevalence varies globally as different protocols and feeding policies exist. We aimed this study to find out the incidence of hypoglycemia in newborns with risk factors of hypoglycemia. Study Design: Observational study Setting: Pediatric Medicine Unit-2, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Period: From 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. Material & Methods: A total of 342 babies born with risk factors for hypoglycemia fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered for this study. Screening for hypoglycemia was performed prior to feeding at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours of life. Results: Out of a total of 342 newborns with risk factors, 109 (31.9%) were found to have hypoglycemia. Amongst these newborns, 99 (28.9%) and 10 (2.9%) newborns had asymptomatic and symptomatic hypoglycemia respectively. Among these 109 newborns, majority were male 56 (51.4%), 70 (64.2%) with gestational age more than 37 weeks, 66 (60.6%) with birth weight more than 2500 grams and 62 (56.9%) small for gestational age (SGA). Amongst newborns who developed at least 1 hypoglycemia episode, 52 (47.7%) were at 2 hours of life, 31 (28.4%) at 6 hours whereas no hypoglycemia episode recorded beyond 24 hours of life. Conclusions: Screening for hypoglycemia should always be performed in babies who had risk factors of hypoglycemia especially within 24 hours of life. As per our study blood glucose screening should be mandatory in all newborns who are SGA.
Hyperuricemia in Systemic Hypertension and its correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Authors: Khoharo Haji Khan , Shah Ali Akbar , Qureshi Fatima , Almani Sajjad Ali
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To determine the serum uric acid (SUA) in systemic hypertension and its correlation with systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Study Design: Cross sectional study design. Setting: Department of Medicine, Isra University Hospital. Period: From April 2016 – February 2017. Material and Methods: A sample of 100 cases of systemic hypertension and 100 age, gender, body weight and BMI controls were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Volunteers were asked for history, physical examination, and blood sampling. Systemic BP was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer. 2 ml venous blood was taken, centrifuged and sera were used for detection of SUA. Data was saved in a pre- structured Performa. Computed based statistical software (SPSS v 22.0, IBM, Incorporation, USA) was used for data analysis. Data variables were analyzed at 95% CI (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Serum uric acid in controls was 2.91±0.75 mg/dl compared to 5.70±1.76 mg/dl (P=0.0001). 57% of cases revealed hyperuricemia compared to 11% in control (X2=17.5, P=0.0001). Serum Uric acid showed significantly positive correlation with Systolic BP (r= 0.518*, p=0.0001) and Diastolic BP (r= 0.397**, p=0.0001). Conclusion: The present study reports hyperuricemia in 57% cases of systemic hypertension and uric acid shows positive correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Spontaneous Bacterial Empyema in Cirrhotic patients with Hepatic hydrothorax.
Authors: Memon Ehsan Rahim , Maheshwari Prem Kumar , Lakho Shabana , Mehmood Huma
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To determine the frequency of spontaneous bacterial empyema in cirrhotic patients with hepatic hydrothorax. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Conducted in gastroenterology unit at Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad. Periods: One year from April 2016 to March 2017. Material & Methods: Sample of 174 patients of Hepatic Hydrothorax was taken. Patients were of both gender and age ≥ 18 years, having diagnosed cirrhosis since last 5 years and currently having child class B & C severity were included. Hepatic hydrothorax was confirmed on ultrasound chest. After aseptic measures 50ml of pleural fluid was aspirated and sent to Isra University Hospital laboratory following the ultrasound guidelines. Spontaneous bacterial empyema was assessed as “polymorph nuclear cell count” more than 500 cells/mm3 or +ve culture with PMN cell count more than 250 cells/mm3 without parapneumonic effusion. All the data was recorded in the proforma. Results: The mean ± SD age of patients was 53.52 ± 5.52 years. Males were 60.92% while 39.08% were females. The frequency of spontaneous bacterial empyema was about 14.9%. Frequency of spontaneous bacterial empyema was little more in male gender than females (p value = 0.391), while it was significantly increased with increasing age as most common in age group of 61-65 years (p-value = 0.017). Conclusion: It was concluded that spontaneous bacterial empyema in cirrhosis patients was 14.9%.
Assessment of Complications in patients Maltreated with fixed self cure Acrylic Dentures.
Authors: Khokhar Maimuna , Ahmed Shabir , Shaikh Muhammad Ilyas , Shaikh Safia , Kumar Bharat , Ahmed Lone Muneeb
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the reasons which persuade patients to receive fixed self-cured acrylic dentures (FSD), their most common presenting complaints and the prevalence of complications (clinical and prosthesis-related) subsequent to maltreatment with FSD. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Prosthodontics Department of Bibi Aseefa Dental College, Larkana. Period: 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. Material & Methods: Using a structured proforma, data related to 75 patients, all maltreated with Fixed self-cure acrylic dentures (FSD) was collected. The condition of underlying mucosal tissues and abutment teeth was carefully assessed and recorded after removal of FSD. Evaluation of FSD prosthesis was also carried out. Results: 53.3 % of patients reported lack of awareness as a reason for opting FSD with 28% patients presenting with pain as their main complaint. Clinical complications observed were poor oral hygiene (68%), burning mouth sensations (58 %), Halitosis (77.3%), mobile (64%) and carious (46%) abutments, mucosal inflammation (58.7%), and ulcerations (30.7%). Prosthesis related complications included poor denture hygiene (77.3 %) tooth wear (46.7 %), prosthesis fracture (37.3 %) and discoloration (82.7 %). Conclusion: According to this study, it was observed that patients’ lack of awareness was the main reason for opting FSD. The most common presenting complaint was pain, followed by poor esthetics. The prevalent clinical complications included poor oral hygiene, halitosis, burning mouth together with inflamed and ulcerative mucosa and, mobile and carious abutments. Prosthesis related complications included poor denture hygiene, wore out and fractured prosthesis with discoloration. An awareness on the complications of such maltreatment among patients is required to be created in order to discourage this malpractice.
To determine the frequency of Hepatitis C Infection in patients with Ischemic Stroke at CMCH Larkana.
Authors: Abro Hakim Ali , Jalbani Azizullah , Lal Chandur , Ali Sheeraz , Chandio Sultan Ahmed , Chhutto Mumtaz Ali
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To determine the frequency of Hepatitis C infection in patients with ischemic Stroke at CMCH Larkana. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Medical wards of Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana. Period: From January 2018 to December 2018. Material & Methods: This study was conducted on 125 diagnosed ischemic stroke patient with age >18 years or both genders. Patients with sudden history of partial or complete weakness of half the body persisting for more than 24 hours and clinical examination supporting reduced power and presence of focal sign and CT brain showing hypodense area in respected blood supply. Patients were considered suffering from Hepatitis C who were reactive to anti HCV on second generation ELISA. Results: We surveyed 125 patients admitted with clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke after exclusion criteria with mean age of 54.53 ± 10.994. In this study male were 51.2% and female were 48.8%. About 40 (32% patients were anti HCV reactive. Conclusion: It is revealed that HCV infection significantly increased the risk of stroke.
Risk factors of osteoporosis among post-menopausal women.
Authors: Shahid Subhan , Hashmi Muhammad Umair
Published: January 2020

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine risk factors of osteoporosis in women after menopause. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Sir Ganga Ram Hospital located in Lahore, a city of Pakistan. Period: 1st January 2018 to 31st July 2018 comprising on seven months duration. Material & Methods: An inclusion and exclusion criteria was formed. Patients diagnosed cases of osteoporosis presenting in out-patient door of the study institution during study period and falling in inclusion criteria were selected for the study. Those not falling in criteria were excluded from the study. A questionnaire was formed containing all necessary questions such as age of patient, risk factors of osteoporosis and age of menopause. All data was documented properly. A well informed written consent was taken from all patients for including them in the study. Consent was taken from the ethical committee of the study institution for conducting study. Privacy of data of patients was maintained. Data was analyzed using statistical software and Microsoft office version 2017. Results were calculated in the form of frequencies and percentages and presented via tables and graphs. P-value less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Total 115 post-menopausal females with osteoporosis were studied. Their age range was 35-63 years with mean age 46.7 years. Age of menopause among study females was found to be less than 40 years in 4.3% cases, between 41-45 years in 20.9% cases, between 46-50 years in 9.6% and between 51-55 years in 25.2%. Common risk factors of osteoporosis reported in study females include low calcium diet in 60.8% cases, family history of osteoporosis positive at least in one close relative, overweight in 57.4% and history of steroid intake for prolong period was found a cause of osteoporosis in 21.7% cases, excessive intake of soft drinks (more than 400ml daily) in 34.8% and excessive coffee intake (more than 2 cups daily) reported in 33%. Other risk factors include thyroid disease, ongoing hormonal replacement therapy, and prolonged immobilization. Conclusion: Osteoporosis is a common problem among females particularly in post menopausal period. Most common risk factors of this disease are improper diet and lack of physical activity. By spreading awareness of this disease in community, encouraging proper intake of calcium containing diet and daily exercise can reduce incidence of this disease.
Significance of Stone Waste in Strength Improvement of Soil
Authors: Kumar Amit , Devi Kiran , Singh Maninder , Soni Dharmender Kumar
Published: January 2020

The evolution of industries is essential for the economic growth of any country; however, this growth often comes with exploitation of natural resources and generation of wastes. The safe disposal and utilisation of industrial wastes has become essential for sustainable development. A possible approach would be to utilize these wastes in construction industries. The stone industry is one such flawed industries that generates waste in dust or slurry form; this leads harmful impacts on human beings, animals, and surrounding areas which, in turn, can lead to soil infertility. In the present study, stone waste was examined for its influence on maximum dry density (MDD), optimum water content (OMC) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of soil experimentally. Stone waste was used at 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16% and 20% by weight of soil and UCS tests were conducted at maturing periods of 7, 14 and 21 days. Test results reported that the incorporation of stone waste improved the compressive strength value significantly. Maximum dry density was enhanced; however, optimum water content was reduced with the use of stone waste in soil due to its fine particles. Linear regression equations were also derived for various properties.
LÜTFULLAH B. EBÎ YÛSUF EL-HALÎMÎ’NİN İSTANBUL KÜTÜPHANELERİNDEKİ FARSÇA-TÜRKÇE MANZUM VE MENSUR SÖZLÜK NÜSHALARI
Authors: UZUN Adem
Published: January 2020

Lütfullah b. Ebî Yûsuf el-Halîmî’nin eserleri, özellikle de Bahru’l-ğarâyib, Nisârü’l-mülk ve Lügat-i Halîmî adlı
eserleri incelendiğinde, bir dil bilimcisi ve sözlük bilimcisi olarak  karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Fakat eserlerinin
tamamı değerlendirildiğinde sadece dil bilimcisi ve sözlük bilimcisi olarak
değil aynı zamanda gramer konusunda da derin bir vukufiyeti olduğu
görülmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra edebiyat ve özellikle lügat, edebî sanatlar,
tarih, astroloji, tıp, fıkıh ve akâid gibi çeşitli konularda bilgi sahibi aydın
bir âlim olarak da bilinir.

Halîmî, Bahru’l-ğarâyib’i manzum,
Nisârü’l-mülk’ü bugünkü çep sözlüğü karşılığınında kısa açıklamalı mensur
ve Lügat-i Halîmî’yi de bilinen kelimelere şevahit beyit getirerek geniş
açıklamalı mensur Farsça-Türkçe sözlük olarak kaleme almıştır.

Eserler,  özellikle de mensur ve alfabetik olarak
hazırlanmış olması nedeniyle Nisârü’l-mülk ve Lügat-i Halîmî,
hocalar ve öğrenciler tarafından sıkça kullanılma ihtiyacı olduğundan çok
sayıda istinsah edilmiş ve nüshaları her tarafa yayılmış ve bu durum bazı hataların
ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur.

Bu itibarla İstanbul kütüphanelerindeki yazma
nüshalar, benzer olması nedeniyle aynı adlarla kayıt yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma
neticesinde hangi yazma nüshaların,  Halîmî’nin hangi eserinin yazması olduğu belirlenmeye
çalışılmış ve kütüphanelerde sehven adları yanlış kaydedilen nüshaların
hangileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Studi Sedimentasi di Sungai Batang Lampasi Sedimentation Study at Batang Lampasi River
Authors: Dalrino Dalrino , Hartati Hartati , Aguskamar Aguskamar , Iqbal M. Iqbal , Pertiwi Dila
Published: January 2020

BatangLampasi River was located in Talawi village, Nagari Koto Nan GadangPayakumbuh, about 30 km from Bukittinggi, with 48.19 km river length and around 226 km2 Cathment Area. The river flow carries a lot of sediment material, causing siltation on the riverbed which causes the river to overflow in the surrounding area. Sediment transport was triggered by Lampasi watershed erosion, that especially in the upstream section and settling on the riverbed. Prediction of depth decrease caused by sedimentation was conducted. Theoretical flood discharge determined used Nakayasu method. Sediment yield caused by land erosion determined by USLE equation and will compared with total sediment transport that calculated for 5 years return period with Yang's, Engelund Hansen, Ackers and White's methods. HEC-RASS 4.0 was used to find the high of flood water level and also as input hydraulics term to calculating transport sediment. The equivalent value approaching sediment yield was Yang's method where the sediment transport value is 21294,763 tons / year with sediment thickness of 27.24 cm / year. With these deposits thickness we can see from HEC-RASS 4.0 modeling the elevation of high flood water during normal conditions and the presence of thick sediment deposits.
Pengaruh terapi perilaku kognitif terhadap tingkat kemampuan interaksi sosial di ruang rawat inap rumah sakit jiwa
Authors: Alifariki La Ode , Kusnan Adius
Published: January 2020

Backgound: Nursing education at the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial General Hospital has carried out effective learning in carrying out social interactions that are still not maximized by still comparing errors that occur and thoughts cannot be used with others. tools performed. The purpose of the study was to determine the citizenship conducted on the level of ability to interact in the inpatient ward of the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Hospital in 2017. Method: This type of research is an experiment with a non-equivalent control group design. The study population was all social isolation patients in the inpatient ward of the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Hospital in 2017 as many as 115 people. Examples of perfect research are 16 people. Statistical test which is a t test. Result: The results of the study before the interaction of patients who did not have the ability to do social as many as 16 people (100%) and after the deadlock to measure the ability of social communication as many as 11 people (68.8%) and at least the ability level of social interaction is not as much as 5 people ( 31.5%). There are those who use communication skills for the level of ability to interact in the inpatient ward of the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial Hospital (p = 0,000). Conclution:United Hospital wants to always apply general therapy with the implementation of strategies and group behavior on clients who can help patients in conducting social interactions.
Tanin pada ekstrak daun rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum l.) tidak berpotensi sebagai chelating agent dalam sintesis hidroksiapatit
Authors: Anggresani Lia , Hadriyati Armini , Risnawati Ida , Perawati Santi , Andriani Lili
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang : Hidroksiapatit merupakan biomaterial yang memiliki komposisi kimia kalsium dan fosfat yang sama pada jaringan keras manusia seperti pada tulang dan gigi, sehingga banyak digunakan dalam bidang kesehatan sebagai bahan pengganti tulang. Sintesis hidroksiapatit memerlukan bahan tambahan berupa polimer untuk memperbaiki sifat mekaniknya. Salah satu polimer yang berasal dari tumbuhan adalah senyawa polifenol yaitu tanin. Salah satu tumbuhan yang mengandung senyawa tanin yaitu daun rambutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi senyawa tanin yang terdapat pada ekstrak daun rambutan sebagai chelating agent dalam proses sintesis hidroksiapatit dengan metode hidrotermal.

Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan Ca(OH)2 sebagai sumber kalsium, H3PO4 sebagai sumber fosfat dan senyawa tanin dari ekstrak rambutan sebagai chelating agent yang disintesis dengan metode hidrotermal pada variasi suhu 140oC, 160 oC, 180 oC, dan 200oC. Karakterisasi senyawa hidroksiapatit dilakukan dengan analisa FTIR, XRD, SEM dan PSA.

Hasil : Hasil analisa FTIR pada suhu 140oC dan 160oC diperoleh gugus fungsi OH dan PO43- yang merupakan gugus fungsi senyawa hidroksiapatit. Pada hasil analisa XRD diperoleh dua senyawa yaitu Hidroksiapatit dan Trikalsium Fosfat pada variasi suhu 140oC dan 160oC sesuai dengan standar ICSD 01-074-9780 dan ICSD 01-073-4869, sedangkan pada suhu 180oC dan 200oC diperoleh senyawa Trikalsium Fosfat sesuai dengan standar ICSD 01-073-4869. Hasil analisa SEM diperoleh morfologi permukaan sampel berbentuk aglomerat atau penggumpalan. Hasil analisa PSA diperoleh ukuran partikel hidroksiapatit adalah 1,289 μm.

Kesimpulan : Gugus fungsi pada senyawa tanin tidak terdeteksi pada hasil analisa FTIR menandakan bahwa senyawa tanin dari ekstrak daun rambutan tidak berperan sebagai chelating agent dalam proses sintesis hidroksiapatit dengan metode hidrotermal.
Pengaruh Intervensi Model Adaptasi Paska Stroke (IMAPS) terhadap efikasi diri pasien paska stroke
Authors: Daulay Nanda Masraini , Ritonga Sukhri Herianto
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang: Perubahan fisik menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan psikologis sehingga dapat menimbulkan perubahan efikasi diri. Peningkatkan efikasi diri akan membangkitkan kepercayaan, harga diri dan semangat pasien untuk sembuh. Dengan begitu klien tidak akan merasa malu dengan keadaannya sekarang, menerima semua cobaan yang dihadapinya dengan ikhlas dan lapang dada. Intervensi Model Adaptasi Paska Stroke (IMAPS) ditujukan untuk mengurangi disabilitas dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Kualitas hidup yang optimal dapat dicapai ketika pasien mampu mempertahankan integritas dirinya dalam rentang normal. Integritas diri yang adekuat ditunjang oleh kemampuan pasien untuk beradaptasi terhadap berbagai stimulus yang dialaminya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh IMAPS terhadap efikasi diri pada pasien paska stroke.

Metode: Penelitian yang akan dilakukan merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen semu (quasy experiment) pre-post test without control group. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan The stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire terdiri dari 13 item pertanyaan. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji Wilcoxon

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi IMAPS efektif dilakukan untuk meningkatkan efikasi diri pasien paska stroke dengan nilai p-value 0,014. Karena nilai p<0,05, secara statistik terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara sebelum dengan sesudah pemberian intervensi IMAPS.

Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa IMAPS berpengaruh terhadap efikasi diri pasien paska stroke. Efikasi diri pasien paska stroke mengalami peningkatan yang bermakna antara sebelum dengan sesudah pemberian Intervensi Model Adaptasi Paska Stroke (IMAPS).
Effectiveness of mathematics education through the process-oriented evaluation: Focusing on Geometry and vector subjects
Authors:   The Korean School Mathematics Society, Kim Hyunjoo
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to find the commonality between process-based evaluation and existing performance evaluation, and to find out that process-based evaluation is effective for the development of character of school mathematics. By analyzing the previous research, this study defined the meaning of process-based evaluation as an evaluation that can improve students' growth and quality of class through immediate feedback by introducing various performance tasks and evaluation methods. character of school mathematics refers to personality factors that are easily expressed and cultivated during math classes. Therefore, this study presented examples of the feasibility of process-based evaluation, focusing on geometry and vector subjects, and examined the effectiveness of mathematics and character development through process-based evaluation. Four course-based assessments (math experiments, logic, proof, and communication) aimed at cultivating character of school mathematics were conducted from March to June 2019 for the third year of the high school. The index was measured. Analysis of the results using the corresponding variable t-test showed that the process-based evaluation in this study had a significant effect on character of school mathematics development.
The Sea-Fairies, Opus 59
Authors: Beach Amy
Published: January 2020

Over a third of the output of Amy Beach (1867–1944) is music for chorus, including sacred and secular works with accompaniment and for a capella performance. She also wrote music for choral societies and clubs. Along with two other works for chorus and orchestra commissioned by choral societies (The Rose of Avon-Town [1896] and The Chambered Nautilus [1907]), The Sea-Fairies, composed and orchestrated in 1904, exhibits Beach's great craftsmanship in scoring for women's voices and in setting poetry. This single-movement cantata for four-part women's chorus, three soloists, orchestra, and harp is an elegant setting of The Sea-Fairies by Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Beach's colorful orchestration and melodious vocal writing portray the lure of the sirens from Homer's Odyssey. This edition makes the full score available for the first time.
The Judgment of Paris
Authors: Weldon John
Published: January 2020

This edition makes available one of the few large dramatic works by John Weldon, who may have been the actual composer of The Tempest, formerly attributed to his teacher Henry Purcell. While Weldon's The Judgment of Paris was the winner of a 1701 competition to determine who could “compose the best” English masque or opera, his is the only one of the three extant entries that has not yet been published. The edition is based on the only known copy of the score, an eighteenth-century manuscript in the Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington, D.C. The publication of The Judgment of Paris makes available an important resource for the study of English theater music between the death of Purcell and the arrival of Handel.
Lustige Madrigalien und Canzonetten
Authors: Knüpfer Sebastian
Published: January 2020

From 1657 to his death Sebastian Knüpfer (1633–1676) was one of the most distinguished predecessors of J. S. Bach in the office of Cantor at the Leipzig Thomaskirche. Of his mostly sacred output, Knüpfer's Lustige Madrigalien und Canzonetten stands out for its overtly secular content. The verses range from refined to coarsely erotic and reflect the kind of music students sang at the time. This is the first modern edition of this collection, which has been available up to now in the original 1663 print.
La morte d'Orfeo
Authors: Landi Stefano
Published: January 2020

This edition presents Stefano Landi's earliest opera, La morte d'Orfeo, for the first time in a modern edition. Originally published in 1619, this work enriches our understanding of the evolution of opera during the transition from the early Florentine examples of Peri and Monteverdi to the full flowering of Roman opera as it exists in Landi's more famous later opera, Il Sant'Alessio. The edition is based on the only source for the score, a print in the collection of the British Library. This volume includes the full text and English translation, as well as a discussion of Landi's unique solutions to the subtle art of balancing text and music to enhance the unfolding drama.
Masses, Part 1
Authors: Martini Johannes
Published: January 2020

Johannes Martini was an important composer active between the generations of Ockeghem and Josquin, principally during the 1470s and 1480s. Although polyphonic borrowing had been known for some time, Martini was among the first to use this technique extensively. His frequent use of imitation, along with his use of polyphonic quotations, strongly influenced the succeeding generation of composers. With the publication of this edition, it will now be possible for scholars to assess fully his music and its importance in the development of the imitation mass of the sixteenth century. The edition includes the eleven known masses by Martini, two others recently attributed to him, and the models for the masses based on chansons.
The Complete Motets 17
Authors: Lasso Orlando di
Published: January 2020

This volume contains twenty-six motets that first appeared in printed anthologies or manuscripts between 1555 and 1569. The most famous of these sources is Lasso's so-called “Opus 1,” the collection of madrigals, villanesche, chansons, and motets published in Antwerp in 1555. The texts in this edition are almost equally divided between sacred and secular subjects, in settings for from four to six voices. This volume, like all others in the series, publishes the original texts of the secular motets rather than the bowdlerized contrafacta that often appeared in the old collected edition. Among the notable pieces in the volume are the chromatic “Alma Nemes,” the playful “S, U, su, P, E, R, per,” the settings of classical texts such as “Dulces exuviae,” and the drinking songs, including “Deus, qui bonum vinum creasti.” The settings of religious texts are no less accomplished, from the small-scale four-voice pieces to the more expansive hymn-motets. Some of the motets first published in Italy may be among Lasso's earliest surviving compositions.
The Complete Motets 15
Authors: Lasso Orlando di
Published: January 2020

Adam Berg issued Lasso's Cantica sacra sex et octo vocibus almost simultaneously with the four-voice motets found in CM 14. The concluding eight-voice motet, “Omnia tempus habent,” draws its dialogue structure from that of the text itself and includes abundant word-painting. The fifteen six-voice motets are each outstanding in this and other ways. Most set scriptural or liturgical texts, while “Huc ades, o Erneste” is in honor of the younger brother of Duke Wilhelm V of Bavaria. For the responsory “Angelus Domini descendit de caelo” Lasso later added three-voice settings of the verse and doxology. These are preserved in a manuscript and appear in this edition along with the original two-part motet. Two settings of psalm verses, “Memor esto verbi tui” and “Domine, da nobis auxilium,” reveal something of the range of Lasso's approaches to text setting. The former is concise and illustrates its text vividly, while the latter unfolds in a more leisurely manner.
The Complete Motets 8
Authors: Lasso Orlando di
Published: January 2020

In 1571 Le Roy and Ballard in Paris began to publish Lasso motets again, after a six-year hiatus following their Modulorum . . . secundum volumen of 1565. Between 1571 and 1577 they issued eight books of Lasso's motets, of which only one, Moduli quinis vocibus numquam hactenus editi (RISM 1571a) consisted entirely of first editions. This book was dedicated to Wilhelm of Bavaria in a preface dated in Paris, where Lasso had traveled to meet with Adrian Le Roy and be introduced to King Charles IX. Whether Lasso intended to seek a position at the French court is uncertain, though such a position was offered in 1574. The dedication to Wilhelm is echoed in the first motet in the book, “Multarum hic resonat,” and two others appear to be addressed to Wilhelm. The others are on religious texts. One of the most interesting is “Si bona suscepimus,” in which Lasso may have chosen to end the piece away from the presumed final of its mode.
Effect of Tail Regulators on Euphrates River Flood Capacity at Al Nassiriyah City
Authors: Shayea Atheer ghazi , Al Thamiry Hayder A.
Published: January 2020

Euphrates River extends about 125 km within the study area located in Annassiriyah City, Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq. The impact of the seven hydraulic structures on the discharge capacity of the Euphrates River needs to be considered. The main objectives of this research are to increase the discharge capacity of Euphrates River within Annassiriyah City during flood seasons and study the impact of these hydraulic structures on the river capacity by using HEC-RAS 5.0.3 software. Five scenarios were simulated to study the different current condition of Euphrates River within Annassiriyah City. Other additional four scenarios were implemented through river training to increase the river capacity to 1300 m³/s; it is the flood of 100 year return period. The results of the current condition showed that the maximum discharge capacity of Euphrates River within Annassiriyah City is just 300 m³/s. The results of applied improvements show that the capacity can reach 1300 m³/s when Al Chibayish Weir was hypothetically removed from the river system. Additionally, the river capacity will be reduced to 600 m³/s when Al Chibayish Weir is considered. It was concluded that the 100-year flood discharge cannot be achieved without removing Al Chibayish Weir from the river system.
Link Failure Recovery for a Large-Scale Video Surveillance System using a Software-Defined Network
Authors: Shaker Sukaina ridha , Salman Mustafa Ismael
Published: January 2020

The software-defined network (SDN) is a new technology that separates the control plane from data ‎plane for the network devices. One of the most significant issues in the video ‎surveillance system is the link failure. When the path failure occurs, the monitoring center cannot receive the ‎video from the cameras. In this paper, two methods are proposed to solve this problem.  The first ‎method uses the Dijkstra algorithm to re-find the path at the source node switch. The second method ‎uses the Dijkstra algorithm to re-find the path at the ingress node switch (or failed link). Based on ‎simulation results, it is concluded that the second method consumes less time (lower transmission delay) than the first method. The delay consumed by the second method is half the delay in the first method. Also, the packet loss rate for second method is 14%, while 16% in the first method. The jitter for second method is almost similar to the jitter without link fail. Therefore, ‎the second method led to select the path with small losses without impact on video quality. ‎Finally, the results of two methods  are compared in terms of end to end delay, packet loss rate, and jitter.‎