bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Multiplex PCR Reactions to Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria of Dangke
Authors: Kaswi Nurwilda , Hatta Mochammad , Sjahril Rizalinda
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Lactic acid bacteria can be isolated from various types of milk including dairy products. Dangke is an Indonesian traditional cheese made by Enrekang community, South Sulawesi. This study aims to identify the lactic acid bacteria by multiplex PCR method which are isolated from dangke obtained from Enrekang Regency. This  type  of  research  used  descriptive research  with  laboratory  observation  methods was performed on 30 cups of dangke are obtained from the markets in 5 sub-districts producing dangke in Enrekang Regency: they are the sub-districts of Cendana, Enrekang, Anggeraja, Alla, and Baraka. The results showed that Lactobacillus acidophilus was the most identified (33.33%) compared to Lactobacillus plantarum (16.67%). Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the lactic acid bacteria have been identified in dangke samples obtained from several sub-districts producing dangke in Enrekang Regency are Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum species. Thus, we suggest that this laboratory technique is used to confirm the various species of lactic acid bacteria so it can prove more rapid and exactly that dangke is the rich content of lactic acid bacteria as probiotic candidate.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) Terhadap Hama Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura) Pada Tanaman Sawi
Authors: Mijan Gulam Muhammad , Rosa Helda Orbani , Marsuni Yusriadi
Published: March 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penggunaan pestisida nabati ekstrak biji bengkuang terhadap larva Spodoptera litura. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari ekstrak biji bengkuang sebagai pestisida alami untuk mortalitas hama ulat grayak dan menekan intensitas serangan pada tanaman sawi. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAL satu faktor dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan, sebagai kontrol dengan dua bahan yaitu pestisida kimia dan air. Pengamatan mortalitas diamati setiap 6 jam selama 3 hari di laboratorium dan pengamatan intensitas serangan selama 7 hari di rumah kaca. Setiap perlakuan diinvestasikan 10 ekor larva S. litura sehingga dalam satuan percobaan terdapat 240 larva yang diujikan baik untuk mortalitas maupun intensitas serangan. Hasil penelitian ekstrak biji bengkuang menunjukkan persentase mortalitas tertinggi pada konsentrasi 15% sebesar 37,5%, sedangkan persentase intensitas serangan terendah pada konsentrasi 15% sebesar 87,9%.
Uji Antagonis Bacillus sp. dan Pseudomonas berfluorescens dari PGPR Akar Bambu Dalam Menekan Penyakit Layu Bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum Pada Tomat
Authors: Sohibi Imam , Marsuni Yusriadi , Liestiany Elly
Published: March 2023

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum on tomato plants can reduce the quantity and quality, so it is necessary to control this disease. One of the controls that can be used is control using antagonistic agents. Bacteria Bacillus sp. and Pseudomanas fluorescens is an antagonist agent contained in PGPR which has the ability to suppress disease growth, increase plant root uptake of several nutrients and increase plant growth. This study aims to determine the effect of Bacillus sp. and P. fluorescens from bamboo roots in suppressing bacterial wilt disease of R. solanacearus in tomatoes. Using a Completely Randomized Design Method (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments, each treatment consisted of 6 replications so that 18 experimental units were obtained in vivo. Observations were made by measuring plant height, number of fruit, fruit weight and intensity of disease attack. The results obtained in this study indicate that the administration of Bacillus sp. and P. fluorescens were able to control bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum bacteria in tomato plants.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF EPISTEMIC CURIOSITY ON INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOUR: A STUDY ON HOTEL EMPLOYEES
Authors: PELIT Elbeyi , KATIRCIOGLU Esra
Published: March 2023

Purpose - The main aim is to find out the effects of interest and deprivation type of epistemic curiosity (EC) on innovative work behaviour (IWB) in this study. In addition, the IWB and EC levels of the employees of five-star hotels are compared considering their personal characteristics. Design - Hypotheses were tested within correlational research and causal-comparative research design. Methodology - This research utilized quantitative research methods. Originality of the Research- The current study focuses on a relatively unexplored area, EC in hospitality enterprises and its relationships with IWB. Findings - Data were collected from 247 hotel employees working in five-star hotels in Antalya, Turkey. The results showed that the IWB and EC levels of hotel employees were high. Moreover, the interest and deprivation type of curiosity affected their IWB. In addition, differences in EC level were found in relation to their personal characteristics. However, no difference was found in IWB levels.
An Efficient Gaussian Mixture Model and Its Application to Neural Network
Authors: Lu Weiguo , Ding Deng , Wu Fengyan , Yuan Gangnan
Published: March 2023

While modeling data in reality, uncertainties in both data (aleatoric) and model (epistemic) are not necessarily Gaussian. The uncertainties could appear with multimodality or any other particular forms which need to be captured. Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are powerful tools that allow us to capture those features from a unknown density with a peculiar shape. Inspired by Fourier expansion, we propose a GMM model structure to decompose arbitrary unknown densities and prove the property of convergence. A simple learning method is introduced to learn GMMs through sampled datasets. We applied GMMs as well as our learning method to two classic neural network applications. The first one is learning encoder output of autoencoder as GMMs for handwritten digits images generation. The another one is learning gram matrices as GMMs for style-transfer algorithm. Comparing with the classic Expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, our method does not involve complex formulations and is capable of achieving applicable accuracy.
NGS Data Repurposing Allows Detection of Gastric Cancer Biomarkers in Patient-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Maqueda Joaquín J. , Santos Mafalda , Ferreira Marta , Marinho Sérgio , Rocha Sara , Rocha Mafalda , Saraiva Nadine , Bonito Nuno , Carvalho Joana , Oliveira Carla
Published: March 2023

Transfer RNA fragments (tRFs) have gene silencing effects similarly to miRNAs, can be sorted into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and are emerging as potential circulating biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. We aimed at analyzing the expression of tRFs in gastric cancer (GC) and understanding their potential as biomarkers. We explored miRNA datasets from gastric tumors and normal adjacent tissues (NAT) from TCGA repository, and proprietary 3D-cultured GC cell lines and corresponding EVs, in order to identify differentially represented tRFs using MINTmap and R/Bioconductor packages. Selected tRFs were validated in patient-derived EVs. We found 613 Differentially Expressed (DE)-tRFs in the TCGA dataset, of which 19 were concomitantly upregulated in TCGA gastric tumors and present in 3D-cells and EVs, but barely expressed in NAT. Moreover, 20 tRFs were expressed in 3D-cells and EVs and downregulated in TCGA gastric tumors. Of these 39 DE-tRFs, 9 tRFs were also detected in patient-derived EVs. Interestingly, the targets of these 9 tRFs affect neutrophil activation and degranulation, cadherin binding, focal adhesion and cell-substrate junction, highlighting these pathways as major targets of EV-mediated crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, as they are present in four distinct GC datasets and can be detected even in low quality patient-EV derived samples, they hold promise as GC biomarkers. By repurposing already available NGS data, we could identify and cross-validate a set of tRFs holding potential as GC diagnosis biomarkers.
Oscillations Analysis and Control Optimization of Hydraulic Turbine Based on
Variable Speed Reaching Law
Authors: Huang Xiaoping , Huang Wenzhe , Lu Qiu
Published: March 2023

Hydro generator sets serve as the peak and frequency regulation of the power system,and play a very important role in maintaining system stability and improving power quality.Based on the internal characteristics model of a specific type of hydro generator,this paper constructs a hydroelectric coupling model for hydropower units,studies the influence of the regulation system of hydropower units on low-frequency oscillations under different load conditions,and adopts variable speed reaching law and fuzzy sliding mode control strategy to improve the regulation quality of the system and ensure the stable operation of the units.Results of simulation and water turbine set under different load conditions show that varible speed reaching law can effectively improve the power-angle oscillation behavior of the hydropower set and suppress the occurrence of low-frequency oscillations of the system when the system is subject to power disturbance,which provide a new theoretical basis and solution for the vibration analysis and control optimization of hydraulic turbine units.
Autochthonous Cultures to Improve Safety and Stabilize Quality of Traditional Dry Fermented Meats
Authors: Rossi Franca , Tucci Patrizia , Matto Ilaria Del , Marino Lucio , Amadoro Carmela , Colavita Giampaolo
Published: March 2023

Traditional dry fermented meat products are obtained artisanally in many countries, where they represent a gastronomic heritage well distinguished from industrial counterparts. This food category is most often obtained from red meat, a food commodity that is under attack because of evidences of increased risk of cancer and degenerative diseases with high consumption. However, traditional fermented meat products are intended for moderate consumption and gastronomic experience and, as such, their production must be continued also to safeguard culture and economy of the geographical areas of origin. In this review, the main risks attributed to these products are considered and how these risks are minimized by following precise production norms, respectful of the ancient manufacturing processes is described. Moreover, results obtained in studies reporting use of autochthonous microbial cultures of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS), Debaryomyces hansenii and Penicillium nalgiovense to improve safety and quality of traditional fermented meats are summarized. The role of these products as a source of microorganisms that can be beneficial to the host are also considered. From the results of the studies reviewed here it appears that the development of autochthonous cultures for these foods ensure safety and stabilize sensory characteristics with possibility to be extended to the large variety of traditional productions.
Quantification of Error Sources in Wave Runup Estimates on Two Mediterranean Sandy Beaches
Authors: Agulles Miguel , Jordà Gabriel
Published: March 2023

Projected future sea level rise and marine storminess is a serious threat for beaches as they induce beach flooding and erosion. Among other factors, wave runup play an important role in beach evolution and must be robustly assessed. However, little attention has been paid to the uncertainties associated to its characterization and how do they compare to other sources of uncertainty. As a first step towards this goal, we have quantified the impact of several sources of error in the estimation of wave runup on sandy beaches. Understanding what factors are more influential in the quality of the results will help to determine the main sources of uncertainty in beach flooding projections. To reach that goal, a calibrated state-of-the-art numerical modelling system has been setup for two beaches in the Mallorca islands (NW Mediterranean). The system has been forced with the best available information of nearshore incoming waves and has been validated against observations to define the benchmark quality. To determine the key factors affecting the quality of the system’s results, different systems configurations have been tested with different degrees of complexity.Our results show that using the most sophisticated modelling system with the best information on boundary conditions, bottom bathymetry, and submerged vegetation leads to a swash RMSE comparable to the standard deviation of the observed swash. We have also found that the choice of lateral boundary conditions (i.e., source of information for the incoming waves) can double the RMSE and induce large biases. Our results also show that using a simple empirical approach usually underestimates the wave runup. However, in locations with vegetated seabed there is a compensation error, and the empirical approach can lead to acceptable results if forced by nearshore waves. In addition, we have compared the error estimates obtained with uncertainties associated to projected sea level rise. Our findings suggest that the uncertainty associated with wave runup modelling should be considered in the assessment of the total uncertainty of future beach flooding, since the analysis performed indicates that this uncertainty can account for between 16% to 60% of the uncertainties linked to mean sea level projections.
THE REEMERGENCE OF MONKEYPOX IN NIGERIA- A MINI-REVIEW
Authors: Ekpunobi Nzube , AKINSUYI1 OLUWAMAYOWA , ARIRI THERESA , Ogunmola Temitope
Published: March 2023

The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases caused by viruses continue to be a major public health concern globally, affecting both humans and animals. One such disease is monkeypox, a zoonotic infection caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) that has recurred in sub-Saharan Africa over several decades. Notably, the 2022 outbreak of monkeypox in Nigeria follows a deadly outbreak in 2017, which was preceded by the disease's first recorded outbreak in 1978. Epidemiological investigations in 2017 showed no apparent link between human monkeypox cases and the outbreak that year, indicating the potential existence of multiple sources of the virus and limited human-to-human transmission. This underscores the presence of an alternative ecological niche in humans. Furthermore, in some communities in Nigeria, monkeys are regarded as sacred and not hunted or consumed, leading to their proliferation and increased likelihood of MPXV transmission. This mini-review focuses on the occurrence, epidemiological distribution, geographical distribution, endemicity, and possible solutions to reduce the spread of human monkeypox in Nigeria. The implications of this reemergence and the need for effective public health measures to prevent and control outbreaks of monkeypox are also discussed.
CONVERSION OF PRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURAL LAND WITH ANALYSIS OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN DIBAL VILLAGE, 2010-2020
Authors: Iemaaniah Zuhdiyah Matienatul , Dewi Rika Andriyani Sukma , Qomariyatuzzamzami Latifah Nurul , Zamani Muhammad Zaki
Published: March 2023

Land conversion will continue to occur over time. Population growth and regional development can cause land conversion. It is undeniable that land conversion will change vacant land, especially productive agricultural land, into built-up land. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of changes in productive agricultural land and the conversion of productive agricultural land. Within 10 years Dibal Village has experienced many changes with the construction of toll roads and railroads. The variables for this study are land cover, built-up land and undeveloped land parameters. This study uses image interpretation analysis with Arcgis 10.3 and by doing a ground check to ensure the correctness of the interpretation. To test the accuracy of image interpretation is done with the overall accuracy confusion matrix with the kappa accuracy test results of 98.3% so that image interpretation can be trusted. This research is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The results show that in a period of 10 years in Dibal Village there has been a decrease in productive agricultural land of around 9.69 hectares / 5.70%, while built-up land has increased by 9.69 hectares / 5.70%. The decrease in productive agricultural land consists of a decrease in rice fields and gardens. Productive agricultural land that has changed into built-up land includes rice fields and gardens that have turned into toll roads, railroads and community settlements.

 
Comparing Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty and High Tibial Osteotomy for Isolated Medial Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Goodell Parker B. , Johansen Phillip M. , Bartels Douglas W. , Sherman Seth L. , Amanatullah Derek F.
Published: March 2023

» Both unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and high tibial osteotomy (HTO) allow for compartment-specific intervention on an arthritic knee joint that preserves bone stock and native soft tissue compared to a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Both operations give a more natural feeling with native proprioception compared with a TKA.

» HTO is better suited in patients who are younger (<55 years-of-age), have a body mass index (BMI) <30 kg/m2, high activity requirements, mechanical malalignment, asymmetric varus, isolated anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency, need for multiplanar correction, and a preference for joint preserving interventions. Recent data suggest that age (>55 years-of-age) should not solely contraindicate a HTO.

» UKA may be chosen in patients who are older (>55 years-of-age), low activity requirements, have a BMI <40 kg/m2, severe osteoarthritis with significant joint space narrowing, acceptable coronal alignment, symmetric varus, and patient preference for arthroplasty.
Surgical Debridement for Acute and Chronic Osteomyelitis in Children
Authors: Ekunseitan Ernest , Sabatini Coleen S. , Swarup Ishaan
Published: March 2023

Background:

Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone that commonly occurs in pediatric populations. First-line treatment most often involves a course of antibiotics. In recent studies, surgical debridement, in addition to antibiotics, has been shown to provide positive clinical and functional outcomes in children. Debridement is most often indicated in patients with an abscess or in those who do not respond to empiric antibiotic therapy; however, there are limited video resources describing this technique in pediatric patients.

Description:

The key steps of the procedure, which are demonstrated in the present video article, are (1) preoperative planning, (2) positioning, (3) subperiosteal exposure and debridement, (4) cortical window creation, (5) irrigation, (6) adjunctive treatment, (7) drain placement, (8) wound closure, (9) dressing and immobilization, and (10) wound check and drain removal.

Alternatives:

Nonoperative treatment is usually indicated for acute osteomyelitis in which patients present with little to no necrotic tissue or abscess formation. In these cases, a course of broad-spectrum antibiotics may be sufficient for a cure.

Rationale:

This procedure allows for the removal of necrotic bone and soft tissue, thus facilitating the recovery process. It also allows for the retrieval of tissue samples that may be used to guide selection of the appropriate antibiotic therapy. Surgical debridement is a safe and reliable technique that has been associated with positive long-term outcomes.

Expected Outcomes:

We expect that some patients will require repeat surgical debridement procedures to decrease pathogen burden and prevent future complications. However, we expect that the majority of patients who undergo surgical debridement for uncomplicated osteomyelitis will recover full functionality of the affected limb with no associated long-term sequelae
10
.

Important Tips:

Understand preoperative imaging to identify areas of infection, localize critical structures and the physis, and plan surgical approaches.

Use extensile approaches and preserve vascularity during the approach.

Perform subperiosteal dissection and create a cortical window to debride areas of infection, but avoid excessive periosteal stripping.

Close the dead space and wound in a layered manner.

Acronyms and Abbreviations:

MRI = magnetic resonance imaging

K-wire = Kirschner wire

MRSA = methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

PDS = polydiaxonone
Investigation of the Seasonal Impact of Diversity Gain and Improvement Factor toward Signal Availability in a Tropical Location
Authors: SODUNKE MOBOLAJI ADURAMO , OJO JOSEPH SUNDAY , ADEDAYO KAYODE DAVID , DE ARIJIT
Published: March 2023

A satellite communication signal suffers from attenuation due to rain and this offers many problems in an effective signal transfer and quality thereby affecting satellite communication services needed for day- to-day activities. This study has adopted a fade mitigation technique called site and path diversity because it creates an effective pathway for signal availability at the receiver through the selection of a less attenuated signal. Synthetic Storm Technique (SST) time series rain attenuation model was used to calculate the diversity gain through a time series rain rate data for nine locations between 2008 and 2018 covering the Southwestern region of Nigeria which is a typical tropical location. Also, seasonal variation in rainfall patterns for pre-monsoon, intensive, cessation, and dry seasons and the site separation impact on the diversity gain and improvement factor has been investigated. The experimental diversity gain was compared with the ITU-R and Hodge models, the results show a high grade of disagreement between the experimental and the ITU-R, and Hodge models. A new model has been developed in this study through a linear curve fitting technique with a better correlation which performed better than the IT-R and Hodge model. Also, ITU-R improvement factor results showed that signal availability could be improved through site and path diversity fade mitigation. The obtained results in this study will offer an improvement in the Quality of Service (QoS) of satellite communication systems during intense rainy conditions.
Placental Mitochondria Dysfunction as a Decisive Factor for Retained Placenta in Bovine?
Authors: Lahamge Madhuri S , Sadeesh E.M , Malik Anuj , Kumari Sweta , A.N Ampadi
Published: March 2023

Pregnancy is a highly energy-demanding process that utilizes the ATP from mitochondria and balances adequate functions and nutritional requirements. Many of these functions are driven by the placenta, which provides appropriate requirements for maintaining the pregnancy and development of fetal growth. As calving-related and postpartum disorders in mothers and offspring are connected to poor pregnancy circumstances, placental function is also critical for long-term health. During gestation, the placental cellular structure undergoes cell differentiation, leading to various modifications like variations in morphology, bioenergetics, hormones, nutrition, and metabolic and mitochondrial changes in the placenta and also increased metabolic activity, free radical production, and oxidative damage. Any changes to this process could manifest in an excess production of reactive oxygen species, which could contribute to the retention of placenta. Retention of the placenta is the most common calving-related postpartum reproductive disorder in highly productive animals, which negatively influences the productive and reproductive performance of the animals. It occurs due to an imbalance in various factors such as disorders; hormonal and nutritional disturbance, metabolic changes, hereditary predispositions, antioxidants, and negative energy balance collaborate in the progression of oxidative stress and may be mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are energy providers to the placenta for various functions and the leading site for steroidogenesis, which is one of the essential factors for the retention of the placenta. An increase in placental oxidative stress and various factors linked with placental mitochondria are associated with various placental disorders. Thus, here we review the relationship between the mechanism underlying placental mitochondrial dysfunction and fetal membrane expulsion. Mitochondrial dysfunctions may be a substantial causative factor in the retention of the placenta same, as various reproductive disorders. We outline the placental mitochondrial functions and their relationship with causative factors of retained placenta in bovine.
Thymus vulgaris and Allium sativum essential oils showed inhibitory effects on Candida albicans biofilms
Authors: Figueira Leandro Wagner , de Oliveira Maria Alcionéia Carvalho , Brighenti Fernanda Lourenção , Koga-Ito Cristiane Yumi
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to screen for essential oils with antibiofilm effect on Candida albicans. The antifungal effect of 15 essential oils was evaluated on C. albicans planktonic cells, and the most active essential oils were tested for anti-biofilm property. Toxicity to Vero cells was also assessed. Thymus vulgaris and Allium sativum essential oils showed higher fungistatic effects on C. albicans MYA-2876 and C. albicans ATCC 18804. Both essential oils also showed an anti-biofilm effect. Thymus vulgaris and Allium sativum essential oils showed low and moderate cytotoxicity, respectively. The results obtained in this study open promising possibilities for the elaboration of mouthwashes and topical formulations to improve the conventional treatment of oral candidiasis.
Hydrogeochemical monitoring of groundwater and surface water quality, East of Mount Cameroon and West of the Penda Mboko River, suitability for drinking and irrigation
Authors: Jude Ngai N , Wotany Engome Regina , Agyingi Christopher , Eitel Franck , Maffo Kankeu Gisele Aurore , Nelson Menti Agbor , Zacharie Armel
Published: March 2023

The physicochemical characteristics and implications on quality of water sources from volcanic and sedimentary aquifer systems of the study area were evaluated for management and sustainable development. Fifty samples were collected from hand dug wells, boreholes, rivers and springs. Physicochemical parameters were measured insitu and the major ions were analysed. The Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), pH, Electrical conductivity (EC) and Total Hardness (TH) samples were within the permissible limit of WHO standards. Drinking water quality index (DWQI) values exhibited that 29 (58%) of the samples fell in excellent water quality category (Rank I). While 13 (26%) of samples revealed good water quality for drinking purposes (Rank II). Similarly, 3 (6%) (Rank III), 4 (8%) (Rank IV) and 2 (4%) (Rank VI) of the samples fell in fair, poor and unfit category, respectively. The dispersion of physicochemical variables of the groundwater and Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) in the study area were depicted. Results from Piper plot revealed that, Ca-Cl type is the dominant hydro-chemical facies. All samples were found in the rock dominance zone in Gibbs plots. The Wilcox diagram associating with sodium percent with total concentration shows that, 26% of the groundwater samples fell in the field of excellent and 74% of the groundwater samples fell in the field of good to permissible for irrigational purposes. No sample fell in the doubtful to unsuitable categories. The results showed that, majority of the groundwater samples were suitable for irrigational purposes based on Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP). All the samples were found in the excellent category. The Pearson correlation revealed that the majority of the parameters were positively correlated with each other.
Two coupled spins via Ising model as the working substance for quantum Carnot and Otto cycles
Authors: Valizadeh Neda , Mohammadzadeh Hosein
Published: March 2023

We study the two coupled spin-1/2 and the two coupled spin-1 as working substance via Ising model for a quantum Carnot and Otto engine. We show that depending on the different values of the external magnetic fields and the coupling constant, the system acts as an engine or a refrigerator. The performance of the cycles depends on the values of the magnetic field and coupling constant.
Levels and Factors of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) among Female College Students
Authors: Yi Su Jeong , Kim Miok , Park Ina
Published: March 2023

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects women’s physical and mental health. Depression, stress, sleep disturbance, and eating attitude problems have been known to influence PMS. Furthermore, restrictions of daily life due to the COVID-19 pandemic have led to changes in sleep patterns and eating attitudes. Thus, it is necessary to closely examine how these factors affect PMS. This study aimed to examine the levels of PMS, stress, depression, sleep disturbance, and eating attitude problems among female college students who experience dysmenorrhea and determine the factors associated with PMS.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey design was conducted using a convenience sample of 143 female college students in C City, South Korea. Differences in participants' level of PMS according to physical health variables (e.g., smoking, water intake, menstrual pain intensity) and psychological issues (i.e., stress, depression, sleep disturbances, and eating attitude problems) were assessed with independent sample t-tests and one-way ANOVAs. Correlational analyses between these variables were also conducted. Additionally, multiple regression was performed to identify the factors influencing PMS.
Results: PMS severity was between normal (27.3%) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) (72.7%). PMS was associated positively with depression (r=.284, p=001), stress (r=.284, p=.001), sleep disturbance (r=.440, p< .001), and eating attitude problems (r=.266, p=.001). Additionally, menstrual pain intensity (β=.204), sleep disturbances (β=.375), and eating attitude problems (β=.202) were found to influence PMS. The regression model was significant (F=16.553, p<.001) with an explanatory power of 24.7%.
Conclusions: Considering the influencing factors of PMS identified in this study, interventions for participants experiencing PMS should be made. We propose that further study should be conducted to examine whether the severity of PMDD changes according to menstrual pain, the pattern and degree of its change, and the paths through which sleep quality and eating attitude problems affect PMS.
Preparedness of Nigerian Medical Students for an Era of Precision Medicine – A Cross-Sectional Survey in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ogamba Chibuzor F. , Roberts Alero A. , Ajudua Sharon C. , Akinwale Mosopefoluwa O. , Jeje Fuhad M. , Ibe Festus O. , Afolayan Moses M. , Kuyinu Yetunde A.
Published: March 2023

Background
Advances in precision medicine in Nigeria call for a need to improve genomics education and competency among healthcare practitioners to facilitate clinical translation. Due to the paucity of research in this area, this study aimed to assess the preparedness of Nigerian medical students to integrate precision medicine into their clinical practice.
Methods
This was an institution-based cross-sectional study of 300 4th to 6th-year medical students attending the two fully-accredited colleges of medicine in Lagos, Nigeria between April and October 2022 using an adapted tool administered via Google Forms. The survey assessed awareness, perceived knowledge, ability, and attitudes toward precision medicine as well as ethical concerns and perceptions about their education in precision medicine.
Results
Awareness of precision medicine terminologies was high (92.0%). Respondents had above-average median knowledge and ability scores and high median attitude scores. Respondents expressed concerns mostly about the misuse of genomic data (35.7%) and the possible widening of socioeconomic disparities (34.0%). Although respondents thought that it is important to learn about precision medicine (65.0%), only 11.3% felt that their education had adequately prepared them.
Conclusion
These highlight a poor sense of preparedness and the need to improve precision medicine education among Nigerian medical students.
Masakhane Web: A Machine Translation Platform for African Languages
Authors: Gitau Catherine , Kabongo Salomon , Modupe Abiodun , Marivate Vukosi , Sindane Thapelo , Lastrucci Richard , Dzingirai Isheanesu .J
Published: March 2023

Low-resource languages pose a particularly difficult challenge to neu-ral machine translation (NMT), and there appears to be insufficient machine translation (MT) systems to support African language accessibility. Masakhane Web, an NMT system for African languages, is proposed in this paper. Our approach is an open-source platform that is free, flexible, and produces reasonably accurate translations for African languages. The platform makes use of Masakhane community-trained MT models. It enables users to generate new data by providing feedback on translations, which is then used to retrain the models to improve them. Ultimately, our goal is to create a platform that can provide accurate translations for African languages and make the process of creating MT models easier for those who lack the technical expertise. Furthermore, we include strategies for domain experts to evaluate the system and explain how the platform can be used as a data collection source to improve MT for African languages.
A large pelvic stone with cystic wall urothelial carcinoma in a 65 - year - old male: a case report
Authors: Shen Jinhong , Xue Liang , Liu Wei , Zhao Yan
Published: March 2023

Background:The case of a huge pelvic stone with cystic wall urothelial carcinoma is extremely rare. The disease has no specific clinical manifestation, and its formation mechanism is unclear. There is no relevant literature report at present.Case introduction:In this report, a 65-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to frequent urination for more than 5 years and hematuria for half a year. After admission, computed tomography(CT) showed a high-density shadow mass with a diameter of 61mm in the pelvic cavity and soft tissue density at the edge. However, cystoscopy did not show any stones in the bladder or any neoplasms in the bladder wall. After the relevant preparations were completed, laparoscopic surgery was performed to remove the whole pelvic mass. Complete dissection of the cyst wall of the mass showed a giant stone with a smooth surface inside. Stone analysis revealed carbonate apatite and magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate. At a 3-month follow-up, the patient was in good condition with no urination discomfort.Conclusions:The case of a huge high-density pelvic stone with cyst wall urothelial carcinoma is extremely rare. Combined with the examination after admission, it is speculated that it may come from "ectopic bladder" or normal bladder tissue, but the specific mechanism of the formation of this disease needs to be further studied. Our report can provide reference for similar cases of pelvic calculus in the future.
Cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer: the manifestation, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis
Authors: Yao Guo-Liang , Ying-Jie Tao , YG Fan
Published: March 2023

Background Cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer is very rare. The understanding of this disease is fragmentary. It is still unclear about its clinical manifestation of cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer. This situation delayed diagnosis and treatment, followed by poor prognosis. Here we firstly report a case–cohort study based on network to improve the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed was performed. All studies on cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer were collected. The publication date was limited from 2000 to the present, and the language was limited to English. SPSS 26.0 was employed for statistical analysis. Results Seventy-two cases were included. The average patient age was 60.0 ± 16.0 years old. In total, 72.2% of the patients were male. The most common manifestation was nodular skin lesions (45.8%). The metastases always presented as multiple lesions (61.1%). The most common metastasis location was the thoracoabdominal wall (56.9%). A total of 64.7% of the patients simultaneously had extracutaneous metastases. Most of the tumors were poorly differentiated carcinoma (87.5%), and 66.1% had signet ring cell. A total of 40.8% of the cutaneous metastases presented as primary manifestations. Only 9.6% had their diagnosis as soon as the cutaneous metastasis emerged. Systemic chemotherapy (65.6%) was the most common treatment strategy, followed by radical surgery (12.5%). The median overall survival was only 6 months. The median overall survival of 5 patients with resected tumors was 48 months (chi2 = 10.574; P = 0.001). Conclusion Cutaneous metastasis from gastric cancer usually manifests as an emerged nodule or erysipelas-like skin lesion. Resection of the cutaneous lesion could be helpful to those with local metastases.
Pan-cancer analysis of the cuproptosis-related gene DLD
Authors: Lin Jiahui , Wang Guowei , Cheng Sha , Hu Yanan , Li Huan , Feng Wanjiang , Liu Xiaoming , Xu Canxia
Published: March 2023

Background: Cancer affects millions of people each year and imposes a huge economic and social burden worldwide. Cuproptosis is a recently discovered novel mode of cell death. The exact function of the cuproptosis-related gene DLD and its role in pan-cancer is unknown.
Methods: Data were retrieved from the GTEx, TCGA and multiple online websites. These data were used to assess the expression, prognosis and diagnostic value of DLD in various tumors. The relationship of DLD with immune microenvironment immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, tumor mutational load (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) and oncology drug sensitivity was explored by correlation analysis.
Results: The mRNA and protein expression of DLD differs in most cancers. Survival analysis showed that DLD was associated with prognosis with KIRC, KIRP, KICH, and UCS. DLD had strong diagnostic value in KIRC, GBM, PAAD, and LGG (AUC>0.9). DLD promoter methylation affects aberrant expression of LIHC, LUSC, PAAD, READ and THCA. DLD was negatively correlated with stromal score, immune score and ESTIMATE score in UCEC, TGCT, LUSC and SARC. In UCS, resting memory CD4 T cells and activated NK cells were significantly correlated with DLD expression. Significant correlations were also observed between DLD expression and immunomodulators, immune checkpoints, TMB and MSI in various cancers. Importantly, we also identified a number of potential drugs that may target DLD.
Conclusion: DLD expression is associated with a variety of tumor prognoses and plays an integral role in tumorigenesis, tumor metabolism and immunity.
New Applications of Fractional Differential Equations by General Integral Transforms
Authors: Akgül Ali , Gökkaya Zehra , Abbas Muhammad , Abdullah Farah Aini
Published: March 2023

Some important integral transforms: Laplace, Sumudu, Elzaki, Natural, Aboodh, α-Integral Laplace, Pourreza, Mohand, Sawi, Kamal and G-transform are introduced in this paper, which they use to obtain analytical solutions of fractional differential equations (FDEs). Firstly, we define each of these integral transforms and explain the differentiability, linearity and convolution property of these transforms. Finally, we take the help of these integral transforms to obtain the analytical solution of inhomogeneous FDEs.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 44A10; 35J05; 31A10; 31B10; 35A22
The nitrogen price of improved wheat yield under climate change
Authors: Martre Pierre , Dueri Sibylle , Guarin Jose , Ewert F , Webber Heidi , Calderini Daniel , Molero Gemma , Reynolds Matthew , Miralles Daniel , Garcia Guillermo , Brown Hamish , George Mike , Craigie Rob , Cohan Jean-Pierre , Deswarte Jean-Charles , Slafer Gustavo , Giunta F , Cammarano Davide , Ferrise Roberto , GAISER Thomas , Gao Yujing , Hochman Zvi , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Hunt Leslie A , Kersebaum Kurt , Nendel Claas , Padovan Gloria , Ruane Alex , Stella Tommaso , Supit Iwan , Srivast Amit , Thorburn Peter , Wang Enli , Wolf Joost , Zhao Chuang , Zhao Zhigan , Asseng Senthold
Published: March 2023

Increasing global food demand will require more food production without further exceeding the planetary boundaries, while at the same time adapting to climate change. We used an ensemble of wheat simulation models, with sink-source improved traits from the highest-yielding wheat genotypes to quantify potential yield gains and associated N requirements. This was explored for current and climate change scenarios across representative sites of major world wheat producing regions. The sink-source traits emerged as climate neutral with 16% yield increase with current N fertilizer applications under both current climate and mid-century climate change scenarios. To achieve the full yield potential, a 52% increase in global average yield under a mid-century RCP8.5 climate scenario, fertilizer use would need to increase fourfold over current use, which would unavoidably lead to higher environmental impacts from wheat production. Our results show the need to improve soil N availability and N use efficiency, along with yield potential.
Off-label Uses of Cordis 6F Right Coronary Diagnostic Catheters During Peripheral Interventions
Authors: Arokiaraj Mark Christopher
Published: March 2023

The Cordis 6F Thrulumen Judkins right coronary diagnostic catheters can be used in peripheral interventions involving various circumstances. The author describes certain clinical situations, wherein these catheters were used for off-label indications in various peripheral arterial and venous interventional procedures. In certain cases, there are technical advantages in treating the lesion like quick engagement, accessibility and lesion crossing characteristics’, and in some cases backed up by reduction in interventional procedure time and contrast volume. In these cases’ 6F right Judkins (RCA) catheter was used when the target artery dimension was about 5.5mm or less.
“An impact of Wi-Fi irradiation on the gut microbiome of rats”
Authors: Saliev Timur , Kozhakhmetov Samat , Nurgaziyev Madiyar , Jarmukhanov Zharkyn , Mureyev Shamil , Kushugulova Almagul , Fazylov Timur , Fakhradiyev Ildar
Published: March 2023

The research on the bio-effects caused by Wi-Fi radiation has been mainly focused on the reproductive, nervous, and cardio-vascular systems. However, a comprehensive investigation of the influence of Wi-Fi on the gut microbiome has not been done yet. The ultimate goal of the study was to investigate the effect of Wi-Fi radiation on the gut microbiome of rats. The Wistar rats have been subjected to the Wi-Fi radiation. Changes in the microbiome composition were studied over 30 days after irradiation. The DNAs were isolated from the faeces samples and sequenced. A complete bioinformatics analysis was carried out. It was found out that on the 14th day of Wi-Fi irradiation, the biodiversity of the intestinal microflora decreased. We observed a significant decrease in the number of Bifidobacteria from the first day of the experiment. Wi-Fi exposure caused the growth of bacteria of the genus Helicobacter. In addition, there was also an increase in the number of opportunistic pathogens of the Flavobacteriia class. The findings indicate the ability of Wi-Fi radiation to modulate the activity of gut micro-organisms that might affect the health status in the long perspective.
International mental health disparity: the correlation between national development level and burden of mental disorders
Authors: ZHU Huijie , JIANG Haojun , ZHU Zhiping , YAO Zhaoyu
Published: March 2023

Background
Mental illness had been a worldwide concern. Global Mental Health (GMH) had become a movement to fight for Global health inequality. In low-income country, mental health infrastructure and services are not provided equitably to people with mental disorders.
Methods
We used the data of global burden of 204countries from 1990 to 2019 in Global Burden of Disease database. The Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) due to mental disorders was treated as an indicator of national mental health. By using the GBD Results Tool toolkit provided by the Institute of Health Measurement and Evaluation, we retrieved and visualized the data in global burden of disease data. In addition, we used correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between the burden of mental illness and the level of national development.
Results
It is found that, mental health had been a global issue which showing a gradual upward trend. There is a significant positive and moderate correlation between national development and the burden of mental disorder. The better the national development, the higher the YLDs Rate caused by mental disorders. The burden of mental illness in low-income countries is not high, but the rate of increase is relatively fast, while the burden of mental illness in low- and middle-income countries is relatively high, but the rate of decrease is apparent.
Conclusions
Although there is a positive correlation between the national development level and the national burden of mental illness, the study found that the burden of mental disorders (as measured by YLD’s) in developed countries was high and declining, compared to developing countries where the burden was lower but growing. It is high time to notice that mental health had been a global issue. Global mental health movement should be done to narrow the gap between different countries, especially in developing countries.
Advantages of whole-exome sequencing over immunomapping in 67 Brazilian patients with Epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Stephan Bruno de Oliveira , Barbosa Silvia Maria Macedo , Polastrin Rita Tiziana Verardo , Oliveira Zilda Najjar Prado , Rivitti Maria Cecília , Spolador Gustavo Marquezani , Honjo Rachel Sayuri , Saida Ken , Matsumoto Naomichi , Kim Chong Ae , Bertola Debora Romeo , Kelmann Samantha Vernaschi
Published: March 2023

Background: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is characterized by skin fragility and blistering. In Brazil, the diagnosis is usually obtained through immunomapping, which involve skin biopsy procedures. Most recently, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) has become an important tool for the diagnosis of the subtypes of EB, providing information on prognosis as well as allowing appropriate genetic counseling for the families.
Objective: To compare the results of immunomapping and molecular analysis and to describe the characteristics of a Brazilian cohort of patients with EB.
Methods: Patients were submitted to clinical evaluation and WES using peripheral blood samples. WES results were compared to those obtained from immunomapping testing by skin biopsy.
Results: 67 patients from 60 families were classified: 47 patients with recessive dystrophic EB (DEB), 4 with dominant DEB, 15 with EB simplex (EBS) and 1 with junctional EB (JEB). Novel causative variants were: 10/60 (16%) in COL7A1associated with recessive DEB and 3 other variants in dominant DEB; one homozygous variant in KRT5 and another homozygous variant in PLEC, both associated with EBS. Immunomapping was available for 59 of the 67 patients and the result was concordant with exome results in 37 (62%), discordant in 13 (22%) and inconclusive in 9 patients (15%).
Conclusion: Although immunomapping has been useful in services where molecular studies are not available, this invasive method may provide a misdiagnosis or an inconclusive result in more than 1/3 of the patients. This study shows that WES is an effective method to the diagnosis and genetic counseling of EB patients.