bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress in sickle cell anemia can be a prognostic marker for disease severity
Authors: Satam Neha N , Patil Vinayak W , Marar Thankamani , Garg Deepa
Published: June 2022

CONTEXT:

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) or sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. There are reports that increase in oxidative stress may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of SCA.

AIM:

The present study aims to investigate enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status in SCA patients to understand the incidence of increased oxidative stress in the populace of tribal Palghar region of Western Maharashtra.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Patients with SCA (n = 250) and age- and sex-matched healthy persons (n = 250) as controls from the primary health center of Palghar were included in this study. Informed written consent was obtained from all the participants.

RESULTS:

Activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-trasferase, catalase, and level of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, Vitamin E and C decreased significantly in SCA participants when compared to controls. The level of lipid peroxides and activity of superoxide dismutase increased significantly above normal in SCA participants. SCA is characterized by the increased generation of reactive-oxygen species resulting in oxidative damage of various cell types, including erythrocytes and this chronically elevated oxidative stress in SCD might play a significant role in the increased autoxidation of Sickle hemoglobin (HbS), increased intravascular hemolysis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chronic inflammatory complications.

CONCLUSION:

The present study indicates that oxidative stress can be considered one of the prognostic markers to evaluate the clinical severity of the SCA participants.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders in tyre factory workers – An observational study
Authors: Heggannavar Anand , Naik Snusha
Published: June 2022

CONTEXT:

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are considered major public health problems and the leading cause of occupational injury. Activities such as prolonged standing, repetitive task, awkward sitting posture, heavy lifting, pulling, and pushing may result in functional impairment and pain due to poor working conditions and absence of work injury prevention programs.

AIM:

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of WRMSDs in factory workers.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

An observational study was carried out in a tyre factory in India.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Two hundred and fifty-two (n = 252) male workers aged 21–59 years with at least 1 year of job tenure were included in this observational study. The assessment was done using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) tool.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:

Data analysis was done using Chi-square test to calculate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders.

RESULTS:

The most commonly affected body regions of factory workers in 12 months were neck and lower back with P = 0.001and P = 0.146, and problems faced in the past 7 days were more common in the lower back and neck with P = 0.004 and 0.001, respectively. This study reported the highest prevalence in the neck (62.7%) and lower back (54.8%). The REBA tool revealed a majority of the workers emerged under the category of high risk.

CONCLUSIONS:

The study concluded that neck and lower back regions were found to be more commonly affected, and a majority of workers emerged into high-risk category.
Tinnitus
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar
Published: June 2022

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which result in plethora of health implications. The COVID-19 epidemic has impacted the lives of millions of people worldwide, wreaking havoc on health-care delivery, economic activity, and social connection. Although the majority of COVID-19 patients have respiratory symptoms, some experience neurological manifestations. The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cochlea is a novel presentation which is not explored to date. Because of the risk of COVID-19 infection spreading from person to person, the majority of countries implemented social distancing and suggested people for home isolation. Social distancing and stay home protocol inducing stress and depression because of social isolation. Tinnitus has been documented in COVID-19 infection. However, tinnitus is not properly investigated in COVID-19 patients. Viral infections usually cause intracochlear damage and result in auditory dysfunction. Presently, there is little evidence for the direct relation of novel coronavirus and tinnitus. Tinnitus and hearing loss are important inner ear manifestations are reported in different literature which is considered morbid clinical entity in the present COVID-19 pandemic. This review article discusses details of this epidemiology, etiopathology, assessment, and management of tinnitus among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Impact of vegetarian and nonvegetarian dietary habits and age on body composition and bone mineral density of office workers
Authors: Singh Vishwendra Vikram , Yadav Angad , Bansal Amit , Singh Vijay Kumar , Verma Saroj Kumar , Saxena Shiva , Kirar Vandana , Singh Mrinalini , Kumar Bhuvnesh , Singh Som Nath
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) is important for skeletal health. Several factors such as age, gender, dietary habits, exposure to sunlight, lifestyle, and bodyweight influence BMD directly or indirectly. People living in metropolitan cities are at risk of low BMD due to low Vitamin D status and less physical activity. This study aimed to evaluate BMD status of office workers and also establish a correlation between body composition and BMD with different age groups and dietary habits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present study was carried out on 175 participants with 124 males and 51 females. Body composition was determined using bioelectrical impedance and BMD measurements were made using peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

RESULTS:

A strong and positive correlation was observed between body composition and BMD. Fat-free mass (FFM) has a more significant correlation than fat Mass with BMD. Handgrip strength was significantly higher in the right forearm (RF) of nonvegetarians. When compared with the Indian reference range, 20% of males and 23.5% of females had low BMD at the measurement site, ultradistal forearm. Both male and female participants below 30 years of age had higher BMD compared to participants above 30 years of age.

CONCLUSION:

It was observed that there were no statistically significant differences in BMD of vegetarians and nonvegetarians. It was also seen that the bone density decreases while the age increases. It may be due to inadequate nutrition, poor lifestyle, physical inactivity, and many more. Bone health is a major public concern and should be taken seriously where osteoporosis and fracture risks are considered.
Pharmacists Can Do More to Reduce Harm From Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: June 2022

In this edition of the journal, we see discussion of various matters relating to medication safety and adverse drug reactions. It is reasonable, therefore, to reflect on what role pharmacists can play in addressing the matter. The evidence supporting the participation of pharmacists as key team players in addressing the potential for medication-related harm is too strong and too voluminous to ignore.
Senior Care Pharmacists Must Be the Disruptive Force that Reduces Adverse Drug Events in Older People
Authors: Watanabe Jonathan H.
Published: June 2022

A rapidly aging world increasingly reliant on medications to maintain the health of the population and productivity in society must confront stark facts: Adverse drug events (ADEs) lead to an estimated 99,628 hospitalizations per year, and fatal ADEs have been estimated to rank between the fourth and sixth leading cause of death in the United States.
Postsurgical Thromboprophylaxis— The Need for Evidence-Based, Unified Regimens
Authors: Mehlman Kaylee , Seibert Casondra
Published: June 2022

As a follow-up to the June issue, themed on anticoagulants, Assistant Editor Kaylee Mehlman interviewed Casondra Seibert, PharmD, BCGP, for an industry perspective on this topic.Observing examples of prescribing inconsistency, The American Society of Consultant Pharmacists (ASCP) Quality Improvement Project (QIP) Committee is conducting a literature review to evaluate regimens backed by evidence-based medicine in hopes of bringing unity to inconsistencies in this arena.
Senior Care Pharmacists, Audiologists, and Otologists: Improving Hearing Health for Older Patients Through Interprofessional Collaboration
Authors: Mansour Daniel Z. , Rickey Jamie L. , Trupp Jenna N. , Thomas Olivia N. , Hoover Eric C. , Hertzano Ronna , Brandt Nicole J.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this manuscript is to provide pharmacists with education on hearing loss that colleagues in audiology believe is most critical for pharmacists. As well as highlighting insightful interventions pharmacists can make in collaboration with hearing professionals, such as audiologists,
otolaryngologists, and otologists, to improve patient care. This project was initiated by professional students at the University of Maryland in both Baltimore and College Park campuses, after completing the interprofessional elective course IPE Care in Geriatrics. Upon completion of the course,
the authors performed an extensive literature search and reviewed publications pertaining to pharmacy, audiology, and their integration.Hearing loss can have a significant impact on a patient’s quality of life. Older people are at an increased risk for experiencing hearing impairment,
but often do not seek help from health care providers. Collaboration between audiologists, otolaryngologists, and pharmacists has the potential to improve patients’ access to hearing health and break barriers for patients. Important interventions that pharmacists can make to better serve
their patients with hearing loss include screening, enhancing communication, and hearing aid assistance. This article also provides guidance on identifying patients who would be candidates for over-the-counter hearing aids and patients who should be referred to a hearing professional. This
skill will become increasingly relevant with the emergence of over-the-counter hearing aids.
Platformisation of Education: An Analysis of South African Universities’ Learning Management Systems
Authors: Badaru Kazeem Ajasa , Adu Emmanuel O.
Published: June 2022

Several studies have focused attention on the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact on the traditional face-to-face teaching and learning activities across the globe. There is, however, little research regarding the platformisation of education with the aid of the learning management systems (LMSs) in the contexts of South African universities. With a thematic content analysis of the extant literature and a systematic review of universities’ websites, this study explored and unearthed various LMS platforms which public universities in South Africa adopted and utilized before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and during the lockdown period. The findings revealed that the majority (46%) of South Africa’s public universities used the Blackboard LMS while another 34 percent of the 26 universities used the Moodle LMS. The rest of the public universities in South Africa used one of the following LMS platforms: the Vula, Efundi, ClickUp, RUConnected, Sakai, SunLearn, Canvas, and D2LBrightspace. Furthermore, the study found that a few South African universities had moved from one LMS platform to another, especially during the period of lockdown precipitated by the pandemic; beginning from the year 2020. The LMS platforms serve the pedagogical needs of the universities in terms of facilitation of online interaction between instructors and students, dissemination of course materials, announcements, submissions, assessments, and grading of student assignments electronically. It is recommended that future studies should investigate the challenging factors responsible for the switch from one LMS platform to another across the public universities in South Africa.
Blended Learning Challenges During COVID-19: A Case of Cost Accounting 2 Students at a Selected South African Higher Education Institution
Authors: Gqokonqana Onke , Olarewaju Odunayo Magret , Cloete Melanie Bernice
Published: June 2022

Every sector in the twenty-first century makes use of technology for its activities, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic and higher education institutions are not exceptional. However, the cohorts enrolled in the selected higher education institution are from technologically challenged backgrounds. This suggests that in their previous schooling, technology was unemployed as a learning aid. As this may present some challenges for such students, this study aims to investigate challenges experienced by Cost Accounting 2 students who are from a technologically disadvantaged  background. To accomplish that, a quantitative approach was used since it permits surveys to be delivered to the entire impacted population while also reducing sampling error. Because of the Coronavirus, online questionnaires were sent to 400 students, but only 119 (n=119) responded. Blended learning was found to be an effective technique for learning Cost Accounting 2 since the university provided sufficient information on how to use the system. However, there was a lot of discussion about internet access, learning materials access, and library resource access. Based on the findings, blended learning is excellent for studying Cost Accounting 2 as long as the learning management system is customised such that students can navigate it effortlessly. Management must work with internet service providers to try stabilise internet connectivity in the students’ neighbourhoods. The additional study can be done using a variety of research methods and target other groups of students.
Ethnobotany of Bedaka: Face Brightening Concoction from Sahu Tribe, West Halmahera, Indonesia
Authors: Wakhidah Anisatu Z.
Published: June 2022

Sahu tribe at Lako Akediri village has a beauty treatment herbs concoction called bedaka that made from various plants species. Since the knowledge of making the herb is passed down by oral, it cannot be documented the whole local knowledge. Therefore, an investigation on ethnobotany of bedaka herb at Sub District Sahu, West Halmahera has been conducted. The aims of study are to inventory plant species tha used in bedaka herb; to elaborate the function of bedaka based on chemical content of used plants; and to describe conservation behaviour of community towards the used plants. Ethnobotanical data was collected by using participant observation and semi-structure interviews. The result showed that 22 species of plants from 19 families used in bedaka herbs. The most often used part is leaf (11 species) The using way of plant was by mixing the collisions of whole material, made it to sphere, and dried. The utilization of this concoction by diluted it with water. The functions of bedaka herbs are to prevent sunburn, to brighten and to soften skin face. The major resource of used plant is derived from cultivation (55%). It shows that conservation behaviour of community towards used plants has been highly enough applied. This study can be used as a reference in the development of natural-based facial beauty care products, such as skin care packages or face masks.
Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng. (Foodstuffs and Its Bioactivity)
Authors: Silalahi Marina , Purba Endang C. , Sawitri I. G. A. Rai , Wahyuningtyas Riska S. , Sitepu Novika
Published: June 2022

Antidesma bunius has been long used as food and traditional medicine by vary local communities in Indonesian. This study aims to explain the potential of A. bunius as a food ingredient and its bioactivity. The method used is survey and library research published online at Google Scholar by using keywords such as A. bunius, bioactivities of A. bunius and uses of A. bunius. Antidema bunius is an indigenous plant of Indonesia and has been cultivated in the yard as a shade and source of fruit. The local people in West Java have been used the A. bunius fruits for rujak ingredient which called as rujak buni. As a food ingredient, A. bunius fruit is used as an ingredient for salads and has been processed to be syrup, jelly, sauce and wine. The bioactivity of A. bunius is as an antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic mellitus, anti-inflammatory and anti-cholesterol. The fruits of A. bunius has potential to be developed as a nutraceutical, especially as an anti-cancer and antioxidant-rich food
Ethnozoology in Traditional Marriage Ceremony of Mandailing Tribe in North Sumatra
Authors: Nasution Jamilah
Published: June 2022

Ethnozoological studies can make an important contribution in the introduction of animal natural resources, especially the use of animals based on local wisdom in the traditional marriage ceremony of the Mandailing tribe in North Sumatra. The Mandailing tribe is one of the tribes that has a uniqueness in traditional marriage ceremonies. Mandailing customs, both in everyday life and in certain traditional ceremonies, are still used by the Mandailing people based on dalihan na tolu. The traditional Mandailing wedding procession begins with a markobar event, an event to bring the bride and groom to the building's highway, awarding titles, and upa-upa. In the ceremony, there are five types of animals used, namely (Bubalus bubalis), Goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), Goldfish (Cyprinus carpio), and Shrimp (Caridea). The five types of animals have their own meaning.
Notes on Trade in Varanus macraei in response to (Arida et al., 2021): ‘The Hunt for the Blue tree monitor on Batanta Island, Indonesia: Subsistence on a Treasure?’
Authors: Shepherd Chris R.
Published: June 2022

The international wildlife trade is a growing threat to an increasingly long list of species, with reptiles among the most heavily impacted. Indonesia is a major source of many reptile species traded internationally, live to meet the demand for pets. Among the many endemic reptile species sought after is the blue tree monitor Varanus macraei. This species is captured from the wild in violation of Indonesia’s harvest and trade quotas which are set annually in an attempt to allow for sustainable use and at the same time protect species from over-exploitation. As this species is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain from the wild, it is clear that not only is the removal of specimens from the wild illegal, but it also appears to be unsustainable.
THE REFLECTION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF EXCELLENCE AND LONELY ON SOCIAL MEDIA: THE CASE OF SİVAS CUMHURİYET UNIVERSITY
Authors: TAYDAŞ Onur , İLDIZ Seren
Published: June 2022

This research, aimed to examine the reflection of university students' perfectionism personality traits and loneliness levels on social media. The sample of the research consists of a total of 544 students studying at Sivas Cumhuriyet University in the 2019-2020 academic year, different faculties and vocational schools answering the survey questions. The participants was applied to the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FCPMS), UCLA Loneliness Scale and Personal Information Form a questionnaire including. The data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 package and the findings were revealed. Social media, which has become an integral part of human life, is widely used, especially among university students. Such widespread use also brings some effects. According to the results of the research, it has been determined that social media has an effect on the variables.
“Descendants of the Executioners” in the Space of Memory about the Era of Political Repressions (on the example of the Project “The Investigation of Karagodin”)
Authors: Zevako Yulia V.
Published: June 2022

This article is devoted to the problem of the place of “descendants of the executioners” in the space of memory of the era of political repression. The article discusses questions about the attitude of the “moral community” that has developed around the victims of repression and their descendants towards the “descendants of the executioners” – on the example of the analysis of the case with D. Karagodin’s project “The Investigation of KARAGODIN”. The study shows that the specified moral community, using the mechanism of dehumanization in relation to the “executioners” (as a mechanism for constructing the image of the enemy), tends to transfer these characteristics to their descendants – despite the fact that, for the most part, the “descendants of the executioners” are “honest descendants”, since they practically do not know / did not know anything about the professional activity and specific actions of their ancestors. Differences were also revealed, causing tension between the acceptable and unacceptable reactions prescribed by the moral community to kinship with the “executioners” and the variety of real experiences of the “descendants of the executioners”. The article analyzes the semantic aspects of the concept of “descendants of executioners”. The author of the article shows that these semantic aspects are often built on different grounds and can intersect, giving rise to internal conflicts including those of ethical nature. The article concludes that the “descendants of the executioners” (“honest descendants”) today are actually not represented in the space of memory of the era of political repression. In the context of increasing government influence to the memory of the era of political repression, and, as a result, of increased tension between the state and the moral community, representatives of this community are not always ready to perceive the voices of the “descendants of the executioners”, who are often associated with modern representatives of the state, alongside with the voices of “descendants of the victims”. All these circumstances significantly complicate the formation of “symmetrical memory” as a condition for successful processing of the difficult past.
Memorial Narrative and Procedural Aspects of Cultural Exclusion
Authors: Troitskiy Sergey A.
Published: June 2022

The article focuses on the process of deploying a public memorial narrative and its impact on cultural memory and the processes of cultural exclusion. The author proposes to look at several aspects using new methodological solutions: how the public memorial narrative is formed; why the narrative does not fall apart if different people participate in its deployment; how the memorial narrative preserves excluded experience; how the research of cultural memory benefits from video game study approach. The main goal is to find out how the excluded cultural experience is preserved, if the main task of deploying a public narrative is to displace the “superfluous”. Several analytical concepts are proposed: the key point, the interpretive bundle, the zero point, the descriptive bolvanka, the procedural rhetoric of cultural memory, the chronotope of the public memorial narrative and others. Through these notions it is possible to explain some processes of narrative pragmatics related to emotions, behavior, presumptions and stereotypes. The article is intended for a wide range of readers interested in public history, the history of emotions, narratology, the theory of cultural exclusion and frontier zones.
The Reflection of Traumatic Memories in Estonian Autobiographical Comics
Authors: Laineste Liisi , Semykolennykh Maria V.
Published: June 2022

Humour has been celebrated as a way to cope with trauma – through disaster jokes, wartime humour and death-related humour in general, the joke-tellers alleviate the painful experiences and memories of these. But there is another side to this coin. Humour may trivialise the negative experience, especially because black humour is not only the priority of the victims. It can be shared by both those who lived through the trauma as well as those that caused it, e.g. the oppressors themselves. The way this trivialises the trauma is obvious: we laugh at others’ suffering, hence we don’t take it seriously.

Standard theories of humour state that in order for a situation to generate humour, a certain tension or conflict combined with some distance from it is needed. At the same time, humour has been created also under difficult situations and extreme danger, which is the case with war humour. Its format can vary – be it verbal or visual – but the content carries similar features. This article describes the main features of humorous reminiscence of the WWII in Estonian post-war comic books. I will look more closely at two such examples from a collection of Estonian life stories. The first is a comic fictitious life story titled “Refugee: Refugee life in pictures” published in a refugee camp in Germany in 1946, very popular at its time. The other was first published only in 2006, but written in 1948, and is a comic depiction of war-time life as seen by the author Raoul Edari who fled to Germany during WWII. The material will lend grounds to discuss the influence of trauma and its humorous representation.
Ideas about the Past, Present, and Future of the Digital Generation of the Caspian Region as an Important Part of Collective Memory (on the example of the Astrakhan Region)
Authors: Romanova Anna P. , Fedorova Maria M.
Published: June 2022

The study aims to reveal the main characteristics of the historical memory and, more broadly, the attitude of the young digital generation of the Caspian region to the past, present and future. The study is based on the in-depth interviews conducted in autumn and winter 2019-2020, that involved 20 students of Astrakhan State University. The Astrakhan region with its ethno-confessional and cultural peculiarities represents quite vividly the Russian Caspian region where three world religions and more than one hundred and seventy ethnic groups are presented. The results of the study showed that the Caspian youth prefers to live in the moment, yet it does not know well the events of contemporary time. It has better knowledge of the past, and very vague ideas about the future. The Caspian youth notes a significant impact of the regional specific character on its collective ideas. In general, the interviewees showed quite a high level of tolerance towards the youth of the other Caspian countries, though not everyone considers them to be “their kin”. The range of the characteristics includes both “Ours (Own)” and “Other”, “Different”, “Alien”. The respondents consider the language barrier to be the main obstacle for intercultural communication and the development of the mutual collective memory.
prática social como fundamento do ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Avelar Lucas  Martins de , Guimarães Lucas Nunes , Alves Adrielly Rodrigues , Guimarães Simone Sendin Moreira , Paranhos Rones  de Deus
Published: June 2022

O objetivo do artigo é analisar o papel da prática social como fundamento do ensino-aprendizagem. Foi elaborada uma sequência didática sobre o conteúdo verminoses a partir da didática para a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica (PHC) proposta por Gasparin (2012). Os educandos e educandas trazem aspectos de sua prática social pessoal e coletiva, os quais são ou não apropriados de acordo com a qualidade das relações de ensino-aprendizagem que se dão na educação escolar. O par conteúdo-forma e a afetividade devem ser considerados na atividade pedagógica com vista a ressignificação da prática social dos discentes pelos saberes sistematizados. É importante compreender o docente como organizador do meio social educativo, e da necessidade da inserção da PHC nos cursos de formação de professores
Saúde e Meio Ambiente no Ensino de Ciências
Authors: Vaz Leandro Matheus de Carvalho , Cruz Beatriz Rodrigues da , Lippi Maria do Socorro Silva Pereira
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho consiste em um relato de caso no Programa Residência Pedagógica, tendo como objetivos relatar as percepções dos licenciandos a respeito dos temas Saúde e Meio Ambiente por meio das atividades desenvolvidas e evidenciar a importância do estágio supervisionado. A metodologia empregada foi a observação ativa. Rodas de conversas, atividades e produção de elemento finalizador foram apresentados através das atividades “Árvore ecológica” e “Princesa suja”. Por meio das atividades, os alunos ampliaram seu vocabulário e aprenderam como respeitar o meio ambiente e o cuidado com a higiene pessoal. Por sua vez, os residentes adquiriram grande conhecimento na área de Educação, Ciências e Biologia, mesmo que essa experiência tenha sido um de seus primeiros contatos com o ambiente escolar.
A Biotecnologia no cotidiano escolar do ensino médio
Authors: Lima Jairo Ribeiro de , Santos Luis Fernando Marques
Published: June 2022

A Biotecnologia é uma ciência multidisciplinar, de grande potencial agregado, que impacta todos os setores da sociedade. Assim, no intuito de contribuir com o Ensino de Biologia, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as percepções de 420 estudantes do Ensino Médio, pertencentes a 14 escolas da rede pública, em 11 municípios do estado da Paraíba, frente à temática em questão. A pesquisa refere-se a um estudo descritivo-exploratório, utilizando-se de um questionário impresso, com questões abertas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as temáticas biotecnológicas, ainda que compondo o currículo da Educação Básica, tem passado de maneira imperceptível no cotidiano escolar, uma vez que a maioria dos alunos não forneceu, corretamente, os conceitos e as aplicações dessa promissora área da ciência.
Análise e classificação das questões de Biologia do ENEM segundo suas características psicométricas
Authors: Vizzotto Patrick
Published: June 2022

Usado, entre outras coisas, como seleção para o Ensino Superior, o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio é uma das maiores provas em larga escala do mundo. Tendo em vista o potencial de influenciar a vida de uma pessoa, aspira-se que o exame tenha condições de realizar uma inferência justa daquilo que se propõe avaliar. O artigo divulga os resultados de uma investigação que estimou a qualidade psicométrica dos itens de Biologia das edições de 2009 a 2019. Foi possível notar que mais da metade dos itens não foram considerados bons para aferir a proficiência que a prova de Ciências da Natureza se propõe a medir. Recomenda-se que estudos subsequentes possam realizar uma análise qualitativa dos aspectos pedagógicos dos itens inadequados.
Sequência de ensino por investigação
Authors: Decottignies Michele Pires , Krauzer Kelly Araújo Ferreira , Penha Marina Cadete da , Pires Carlos Roberto , Passos Marize Lyra Silva
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho trata de uma sequência de ensino por investigação sobre o sistema respiratório utilizando a metodologia Social and Emotional Learning-SEL para ensino de Ciências, com vistas a apresentar uma proposta de ensino que propicie desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas e socioemocionais. O processo de ensino aprendizagem foi embasado na teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky e no campo didático metodológico, o ensino por investigação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de estudo de caso, que contou com a participação de 11 professores com titulação de mestres em Ensino de Ciências. Os resultados apresentaram o desenvolvimento de habilidades socioemocionais, em especial, o autogerenciamento e a autogestão. A atividade proposta, mostrou-se como uma rica ferramenta para professores ampliarem seus objetivos de aprendizagem com os alunos.
Relato de experiência docente em espaços não formais e o planejamento do professor
Authors: Segatto Flávia Zago , Oliveira Renata Carmo
Published: June 2022

Esse trabalho relata a experiência de duas visitas a espaços não formais, desenvolvidas em anos sequenciais com turmas de estudantes do sétimo ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola da rede pública municipal de Uberlândia – MG, com objetivo de ampliar as reflexões acerca do processo de planejamento e execução de atividades didático-pedagógicas desenvolvidas pelo professor em espaços não formais. Os dados e resultados das visitas apresentam as percepções e evoluções na forma de propô-las, dando ênfase no planejamento do professor em três etapas (pré-visita, visita e pós-visita) e na utilização de roteiro de estudos. Atividades interativas de Ciências em espaços não formais foram eficazes para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, devendo, portanto, ser mais exploradas pelos docentes.
Educação Tutorial
Authors: Fontoura Andrielli da Silva , Sepel Lenira Maria Nunes
Published: June 2022

A Educação Tutorial é um modelo com grande potencial para o desenvolvimento dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem de qualidade. Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de Educação Tutorial aplicada ao Ensino Médio. O objetivo foi introduzir atividades de ensino no EM, e avaliar quais os fatores condicionantes de sucesso para esse tipo de prática. O desenvolvimento da proposta foi dividido em 3 etapas: i) apresentação do modelo  Educação Tutorial denominado PET-Júnior aos petianos e estudantes do EM; ii) organização das atividades; iii) aplicação e iv) avaliação.  A expansão do Programa de Educação Tutorial para o EM é uma possibilidade que pode motivar os estudantes a concluírem e continuarem seus estudos, assim como a ingressarem no mercado de trabalho.
Os microrganismos e os alimentos: uma oficina temática aplicada a estudantes do ensino fundamental
Authors: Vilela Jamily de Almeida Silva , Lee Lundoi Tobias , Figueira Vanda Valente de Andrade , Vilela Leonardo de Figueiredo
Published: June 2022

Uma oficina temática busca fornecer uma interligação e contextualização dos conhecimentos pelos estudantes, podendo ser aplicada como um instrumento eficaz em vários níveis e áreas de estudo, incluindo o ensino de Microbiologia. A pesquisa apresentada nesse estudo é de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo e investigou a aprendizagem relacionada aos microrganismos por estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental II, através de questionário individual aplicado antes e após o desenvolvimento de uma oficina temática, com ênfase em produtos alimentares. A partir da análise dos resultados pode-se observar que, para a maioria dos alimentos expostos durante a oficina, a porcentagem de acertos quanto à presença ou não de microrganismos nos alimentos foi maior após a oficina, quando comparado ao percentual do início da atividade.
Ensino de genética na educação básica baseado nas sessões tutoriais do método PBL
Authors: Viana Liliany Lobato , Silva Natanael Charles da
Published: June 2022

A pesquisa objetivou aplicar as sessões tutorias do método Problem Based Learning (PBL) no ensino de genética na educação básica em uma escola pública rural no município de Abaetetuba-PA. Caracterizada como qualitativa e quantitativa, foi desenvolvida em duas etapas, cada uma com dois ciclos, sendo apresentados 14 problemas (PBL’s) com níveis de dificuldade e aprofundamento diferentes. Os resultados apontam que no início dos primeiros ciclos os discentes apresentaram dificuldades, em especial na realização de atividades em grupo e formulação dos objetivos para os problemas. No entanto, a metodologia foi bem avaliada e aceita pelos participantes, os problemas foram resolvidos adequadamente, havendo contextualização e implementação de temas transversais, configurando o método PBL como uma metodologia ativa eficaz no ensino de genética.
Oficina de educação ambiental para a conservação do córrego Pamplona em Vazante - MG
Authors: Silva Henrique , Russo Cristiane Rodrigues Menezes
Published: June 2022

Os ecossistemas têm sofrido intensas intervenções e transformações antrópicas que podem vir a comprometer a vida humana, em especial os sistemas hídricos. Nesse contexto, os conhecimentos ecológicos são proeminentes para o entendimento dessas questões ambientais para a sociedade. Em virtude disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar possíveis mudanças e superações dos estudantes a partir dos conhecimentos assimilados e informar à comunidade escolar sobre as condições ecológicas do córrego Pamplona, além de investigar as percepções dos estudantes sobre o córrego Pamplona por meio de práticas de Educação Ambiental, a fim de proporcionar o entendimento dos aspectos ecológicos relacionados à conservação e à preservação ambiental dentro do Ensino de Biologia. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida junto a estudantes do Ensino Médio regular da Escola Estadual Carolina Silva no Município de Vazante (Minas Gerais) nos anos de 2019 a 2020. Os procedimentos para coleta de informações foram observações do estado ambiental do córrego Pamplona e aplicação de questionários aos estudantes.  Foi executada a aula de campo em três pontos na área localizada ao longo do córrego Pamplona. Os dados coletados foram analisados e interpretados qualitativamente de acordo com a análise de conteúdo de Minayo. Os resultados obtidos indicam quais são os impactos ambientais existentes no córrego, os quais comprometem sua conservação, evidenciando suas principais causas. Como esse ambiente afeta a vida dos estudantes, busca-se, dessa forma, a construção de uma cidadania consciente pelas práticas de Educação Ambiental no Ensino de Biologia. Conclui-se que a oficina de educação ambiental é uma proposta viável para aprendizagem, levando em consideração os aspectos cognitivos dos estudantes.
Automatic Pad Thickness Variation Tester
Authors:   Sun Bee Instruments, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Bok Kim Seung
Published: June 2022

Pad thickness variation measurement is done by hand manually so far and the measurement area is limited like around 10 points depend on the pad size due to the complicate marking and measuring method . With the circumstance , reliability and accuracy could not be guaranteed against other fields are automated. Our engineering team is developing Pad Thickness Automatic Measuring System ( PTAMS ). PTAMS is consist of Universal concept of pad grip and feeding module that adapts various kind of shape and size of pad and feed to the sensing area. Non-contact type of displacement sensors scan scan full surface of both friction and back plate side at the same time to measure thickness distribution . The sensors are mounted on the air bearing slide that enable vibration free movement along with fine flatness that maintain stable accuracy to be long lasted. PC based control and data acquisition system enable us to compose scanning widths and mapping conditions for the full surface so that we can investigate full or certain area of wear out ratio or trend freely . Versatile analyzing software offers historical abrasion trend and 3D image of profile that helps investigating geometrical variation of friction part and back plate etc. PTMAS serves hand free , scrip free and enhance accuracy , reliability and investigation
Performance Evaluation for Wheel Slide Protection System with Factor Analysis in Simulation
Authors:   Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI), JAPAN, Hijikata Daisuke
Published: June 2022

Verification using simulation is actively used in the performance evaluation of the Wheel Slide Protection (WSP) system of railway vehicles. This is because low adhesion conditions are required to evaluate the performance of the WSP system, and the simulation can effectively reproduce intentional low adhesion conditions. The importance of performance evaluation with the track tests remains unchanged as the final step of verification procedures, but the effect of reducing the number of costly and laborious tests is significant.

However, this method is based on the premise that the simulation always performs the same stable operation, and there has been no discussion about the uncertainty such as variation and deterioration of the performance of real vehicles. If these uncertainties can be taken into consideration, it should lead to a more detailed evaluation of the WSP performance. Therefore, in this study, we introduced some influential factors into the simulation and comprehended the influence of these changes on the WSP performance. In addition, we defined the strength of the influence of each influential factor as the degree of influence and compared these. This makes possible to obtain knowledge on how the WSP performance changes according to the given conditions. By utilizing this study, the research and development of the WSP system would be streamlined, and it would contribute to the improvement of the safety and reliability of railway vehicles
The Variable Velocity Tribotester
Authors:   TU Braunschweig, GERMANY, Ostermeyer Georg-Peter , Vogel Alexander , Kijanski Jacek , Sandgaard Malte , Lehne-Wandrey Guido
Published: June 2022

Friction tests under controlled conditions are crucial for the understanding of the boundary layer dynamics in technical brake systems. The dynamics of the friction interface characterize the braking performance, which has to be evaluated and monitored in the early stages and throughout the development process of new friction materials. For this purpose, detailed insights into the friction behavior is obtained by high precision tribotesters under laboratory conditions. Especially in the low sliding speed range, specialized machines such as the Variable Velocity Tribotester (VVT) make it possible to mimic real world phenomena under controlled conditions, e.g. creep groan or COF in low temperatures. The VVT is modularly designed with two linear stages to move the test specimen and a highly capable servor motor for the rotation of the brake disc. A rotational disk speed of up to 400 rpm is reached with a resolution of 25 bit and a 1:10 gearbox. The normal load can reach up to 300 N (approx. 45 bar brake line pressure) by utilizing a leaf spring load unit. A 3-axis piezoelectric force sensor directly at the test specimen measures the applied and resulting forces.

In addition to the friction testing, it is possible to automatically move the specimen to a high precision 3D laser scanning device with stripe light projection and to record height information and pictures of the friction surface. For measurements below room temperature, the VVT is located in an insulated chamber and equipped with two cooling aggregates
Structured Light 3D Sensor for Fast and High Precision Surface Dynamics Measurements
Authors:   TU Braunschweig, GERMANY, Ostermeyer Georg-Peter ,   Institute of Dynamics and Vibration of TU Braunschweig, GERMANY, Fang Chengyuan , Lehne-Wandrey Guido , Sandgaard Malte , Vogel Alexander , Kijanski Jacek ,   wenglor sensoric GmbH, GERMANY, Hillner Thomas , Repetz Fabian
Published: June 2022

Friction tests under controlled conditions are crucial for the understanding of the boundary layer dynamics in technical brake systems. The dynamics of the friction interface characterize the braking performance. In order to evaluate and monitor the dynamics of the friction interface, detailed insights into the friction behavior is obtained by high precision tribotesters under laboratory conditions. Especially in the low sliding speed range, specialized machines such as the Variable Velocity Tribotester (VVT) make it possible to mimic real world phenomena under controlled conditions, e.g. creep groan or COF in low temperatures. This paper presents the wenglor sensoric 3D sensor ShapeDrive MLAS201 for measuring the pad surface between friction applications at VVT. With this device, quasi in-situ measurements with high speed and precision of the pad’s surface are attained. The 3D sensor consists of a light engine which projects several patterns onto the pad surface and a high resolution camera which can record these patterns again. The topography and intensity information of the pad surface would be stored in a point cloud file with high precision of 12 megapixels. Such information can be used to analyze the surface properties such as roughness and height. With further algorithms it is also possible to observe the change of the entire topography and in further way to determine the wear volume and analyze the contact situations.
Lab-Scale Anodization of Prototype Brake Calipers
Authors:   Brembo S.p.A., ITALY, Bertasi Federico , Bandiera Marco , Mancini Alessandro , Pavesi Ariana , Bonfanti Andrea ,   Politecnico di Milano, ITALY, Bestetti Massimiliano
Published: June 2022

Anodization plays a pivotal role in improving the corrosion resistance of Aluminum-Silicon alloys (AlSix) used in the production of brake calipers.[1] However, the presence of eutectic Silicon particles within the Al matrix can reduce the oxide layer growing rate, leading to inhomogeneous and porous coatings. Following this, tailored current/potential anodization waveforms have been developed, in order to overcome the presence of Silicon, thus obtaining anodic layers with enhanced morphological and corrosion-resistance features.[2][3] In this scenario, a fervent lab-scale R&D activity has been carried out regarding the optimization of pulsed anodization in terms of current density and frequency of the used square wave, obtaining: 1) coated AlSix specimens (30cm2) showing a superior corrosion resistance; and 2) a set of refined anodization parameters to be used to treat AlSix –based materials.[4] Unfortunately, anodization of a prototype caliper, using the obtained optimized waveforms, is not straightforward and appears particularly more challenging with respect to the lab-scale treatment of small specimens. Indeed, the presence of: a) non-uniform Silicon distribution (machined vs. non-machined regions); and b) shielded areas and/or sharp edges; can strongly influence the oxide growth, leading to inhomogeneous coatings and a morphology-dependent corrosion resistance. As a further step toward the implementation of the optimized parameters in an anodization pilot plant, an electrochemical bath is designed, aiming at: 1) anodize a single brake caliper; and 2) scale up the anodization parameters from specimens to caliper treatment. The manuscript will discuss the so-obtained anodized caliper in terms of oxide layer: a) morphology; b) wettability; and c) corrosion resistance. The effect of optimized vs. non-optimized parameters will be discussed as well. Results allow to outline the path for an advanced anodization process, that will briefly lead to obtain AlSix brake calipers with an extended corrosion resistance. References: [1] Bandiera, M., Bonfanti, A., Mauri, A., Mancini, A., Bestetti, M., Bertasi, F., “Corrosion Phenomena in Braking Systems”, CORROSION/20, Manuscript no. C2020-14550, 2020. [2] Bandiera, M., Bonfanti, A., Bestetti, M., Bertasi, F., “Anodization: Recent Advancements on Corrosion Protection of Brake Calipers”, SAE Technical Paper, Manuscript no. 2020-01-1626, 2020. [3] Fratila-Apachitei, L. E., J. Duszczyk, and L. Katgerman. "AlSi (Cu) anodic oxide layers formed in H2SO4 at low temperature using different current waveforms", Surface and Coatings Technology, 165.3, pp. 232-240, 2003. [4] Bandiera, M., Mancini, A., Pavesi, A., Bonfanti, A., Bestetti, M., Bertasi, F., “Optimized Pulsed Anodization for Corrosion Protection of Aluminum Silicon Alloys”, CORROSION/21, Manuscript no. C2021-16431, 2021. (under review).