bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
التقييم الكمي للتعرية المائية بالريف الأوسط الجنوبي الشرقي- حالة حوض واد برون – المغرب
Authors: الصنهاجي محمد , أبهرور محمد , احماموشي المصطفى , أبهرور يونس
Published: March 2024

تعتبر التعرية الـمائية من أكثر الاخطار البيئية تهديدا لاستقرار الأوساط الطبيعية عبر العالم، وخاصة بالمجالات الجافة وشبه الجافة، ومنها جبال الريف بالـمغرب، حيث تعرف اقتلاع كميات مهمة من التربة خاصة المواد الدقيقة منها، مما يؤدي إلى تدهور خصوبة التربة بالمجالات الزراعية، وبالتالي تراجع كميات إنتاجيتها. تتطلب معالجة هذه الظاهرة اتباع مناهج ومقاربات عدة؛ منها التقييم الكمي للتعرية المائية اعتمادا على المعادلة العالمية لفقدان التربة، والتي تعمل على تكميم التعرية الغشائية انطلاقا من دراسة العوامل الطبيعية والبشرية المسؤولة عن هذه الدينامية، لتحديد كمية الأتربة المفقودة حسب مختلف العوامل، بواسطة نظم المعلومات الجغرافية وتقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد. أظهرت النتائج المتوصل إليها بحوض واد برون، أن كميات الأتربة المفقودة بلغت في المتوسط 29,4 طن/هـ/سنة، مع وجود تباين مجالي من نطاق لآخر داخل الحوض، وذلك تبعا لاختلاف العوامل المسؤولة عن فقدان التربة بالمجال.  نهدف من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى تصنيف الحوض حسب درجات خطر تدهور التربة، لتحديد المجالات التي تستدعي تدخلا عاجلا من طرف الجهات المعنية، من أجل تسهيل اتخاذ القرارات المناسبة لمحاربة ظاهرة التعرية المائية واستصلاح المجالات المتضررة منها.
Room-Temperature Strong Coupling between CdSe Nanoplatelets and a Metal–DBR Fabry–Pérot Cavity
Authors: Morshed Ovishek , Amin Mitesh , Cogan Nicole M. B. , Koessler Eric R. , Collison Robert , Tumiel Trevor M. , Girten William , Awan Farwa , Mathis Lele , Huo Pengfei , Vamivakas A. Nickolas , Odom Teri W. , Krauss Todd D.
Published: March 2024

The generation of exciton–polaritons through strong light–matter interactions represents an emerging platform for exploring quantum phenomena in molecular systems. A significant challenge in molecular polaritonic systems is the ability to operate at room temperature with high fidelity. Here, we demonstrate the generation of room-temperature exciton–polaritons through the coupling of CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) with a Fabry–Pérot optical cavity, leading to a Rabi splitting of 74.6 meV. Quantum-classical calculations accurately predict the complex dynamics between the many dark state excitons and the optically allowed polariton states, including the experimentally observed lower polariton photoluminescence emission, and the concentration of lower polariton photoluminescence intensities at higher in-plane momenta as the cavity becomes more negatively detuned. The Rabi splitting measured at 5 K is similar to that at 300 K, validating the feasibility of the temperature-independent operation of this polaritonic system. Overall, these results show that CdSe NPLs are an excellent material to facilitate the development of room-temperature quantum technologies.
Data science accelerates energy device development
Authors: Cheng Shuan , Cui Xiao , Chueh William , Sun Shijing
Published: March 2024

Data science has become increasingly prevalent in the development of energy devices, offering significant advancements in predicting future behaviors and identifying optimal process parameters in a resource-saving manner. This perspective begins by examining the role of data science and ML in enhancing accelerated aging tests across solar, battery and fuel cells. We present a generalizable data-driven workflow for processing aging test data and predicting the lifespan of different device types. In this perspective, we discuss two strategies to improve our understanding of device failures: integrating physics-based parameters and utilizing interpretable machine learning (ML) techniques. Following a brief review on ML-assisted process optimization, we propose an interpretable closed-loop platform towards digital manufacturing for thin-film solar and Li-ion battery production. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and research gaps in applying data science for accelerated energy device development, aiming to spark further investigation in this field.
Local Orthorhombic Phase in Zirconium Oxide Nanocrystals: Insights from X-ray Pair Distribution Function Analysis
Authors: Pokratath Rohan , Cordero-Edwards Kumara , Bina Maryame , Billinge Simon , De Roo Jonathan
Published: March 2024

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and hafnium dioxide (HfO2) have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional ferroelectric materials. Understanding the crystal phases of these oxides under different conditions is crucial for optimizing their properties. While there are several theories for the (anti)ferroelectric properties, comprehensive analysis, particularly at the local structure level, is lacking. In this study, we investigate the local structure of ZrO2 nanocrystals using X-ray pair distribution function (PDF) analysis, revealing an unexpected local orthorhombic distortion irrespective of crystallite size. This finding suggests the potential existence of an intermediate orthorhombic phase during the microscopic switching pathway observed in previous studies. Additionally, we explore the influence of crystallite size and surface effects on the PDF. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the structural dynamics in ZrO2 and offer insights for the design of next-generation ferroelectric materials.
Total Synthesis of Eutyscoparol A and Violaceoid C
Authors: Murata Takatsugu , Iwayama Takuto , Kuboki Teppei , Taguchi Shotaro , Tsugawa Shou , Yoshida Takumi , Shimauchi Ayana , Kosaka Yukiho , Shiina Isamu
Published: March 2024

The first total synthesis of eutyscoparol A and total synthesis of violaceoid C via violaceoid A, have been accomplished including the improved total syntheses of violaceoid A and violaceoid B. This synthetic method, which employed the desymmetrization of a symmetric diol, enabled divergent access to other violaceoids, eutyscoparols, and their derivatives.
Harnessing strain-release driven reactivity of a chiral SuFEx reagent: Stereocontrolled access to sulfinamides, sulfonimidamides, and sulfoximines
Authors: Athawale Paresh , Shultz Zachary , Saputo Alexandra , Hall Yvonne , Lopchuk Justin
Published: March 2024

Efforts aimed at enriching the chemical and structural diversity of small molecules have invigorated synthetic exploration in the last two decades. Spatially defined molecular functionality serves as the foundation to construct unique chemical space to further advance discovery science. The chiral SuFEx reagent t-BuSF provides a modular platform for the stereocontrolled bifunctionalization of sulfur. Here we report a third functional feature of t-BuSF enabled by carbamoyl torsional strain-release that further expands the S(IV) and S(VI) chemical space accessible as showcased in over seventy examples, multiple applications in medicinal chemistry, organocatalysis, and diversity-oriented synthesis. The methods presented herein allow for rapid asymmetric diversification around a stereodefined sulfur center with readily available building blocks, improving upon the current state-of-the-art for sulfinyl and sulfonimidoyl synthesis.
Graph-Text Contrastive Learning of Inorganic Crystal Structure toward a Foundation Model of Inorganic Materials
Authors: Ozawa Keisuke , Suzuki Teppei , Tonogai Shunsuke , Itakura Tomoya
Published: March 2024

Developing foundation models for materials science has attracted attention. However, there is a lack of work on inorganic materials due to the difficulty in the comprehensive representation of geometric concepts composing crystals: the local atomic environments, their connections, and the global symmetries. We present a contrastive learning of inorganic crystal structure (CLICS) for embedding the geometric concepts, which contrasts texts representing the contextual patterns of geometries with the crystal graphs. We demonstrate that the geometric concepts are integrally embedded on CLICS feature space, through experiments of concept retrieval from crystal graphs, similar structure search, and few-shot/imbalanced crystal structure classification.
Quantum Dot Size Dependence on Ligand Exchange Driving Forces and Insights into the Structure of the Solvated Ligand Shell
Authors: Calvin Jason , Sedlak Adam , Brewer Amanda , Kaufman Tierni , Alivisatos Paul
Published: March 2024

As synthesized, nanocrystal surfaces are typically covered by coordinating organic ligands. Prior to commercial applications, treatments are often utilized to exchange these native ligands for new ligands that can enhance the nanocrystal properties, such as electrical conductivity or luminescence. Understanding the thermodynamics of these ligand exchanges is critical for optimizing performance and gaining insight into reaction mechanisms. Previous work has shown that the geometry and length of a ligand’s aliphatic chain can influence the thermodynamics of exchange, which is attributed to inter-ligand interactions. In this report, the relationship between nanocrystal size and degree of inter-ligand interactions was studied using the reaction between indium phosphide quantum dots and zinc chloride. Using isothermal titration calorimetry and quantitative 1H NMR, alongside a modified Ising model simulation, we determined that inter-ligand interactions increase as the nanocrystal size increases, changing the thermodynamics of the ligand exchange reaction. Support for a phase transition in stearate ligand shells was indicated through our analysis and in powder X-ray diffraction data. The structure of the solvated ligand shell was also studied using X-ray diffraction, results from which suggest that the spacing between aliphatic ligands may increase as the ligand shell is solvated.
Modeling Ligand Binding Site Water Networks with Site-Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation: Impact on Ligand Binding Orientations and Relative Binding Affinities
Authors: Kumar Anmol , Goel Himanshu , Yu Wenbo , Zhao Mingtian , MacKerell Alexander D.
Published: March 2024

Water molecules play a pivotal role in modulating protein-ligand interactions, wielding a substantial influence on ligand binding affinity and orientation in many systems. Water molecules can facilitate the interaction between a protein and ligand through hydrogen-bond networks. Conversely, water molecules occupying a ligand binding site may need to be displaced at an energetic cost prior to ligand binding. As a result, appropriate treatment of water contributions to protein-ligand interactions is important for ligand design. However, this is a very challenging problem in the context of adequately determining the number of waters to consider and undertaking the conformational sampling of the ligands, the waters, and the surrounding protein. In the present study, an extension of the Site Identification by Ligand Competitive Saturation-Monte Carlo (SILCS-MC) docking approach is presented that enables determination of the location of water molecules in the binding pocket and their impact on the predicted ligand binding orientation and affinities. The approach, termed SILCS-WATER, involves initial exhaustive MC docking of the ligand and 15 water molecules in a binding site followed by selection of a subset of waters for additional MC sampling. In the approach, the Metropolis criteria for the MC is based on the overlap of the ligand and water with the SILCS FragMaps and the interaction energy between the waters and ligand. Results show that the SILCS-WATER methodology is able to capture important waters and improve ligand positions and orientation. For 6 of 10 multiple-ligand protein systems the method improved the relative binding affinity prediction against experimental results to varying degrees when compared to standard SILCS-MC. The method identifies waters interacting with ligands that occupy unfavorable locations with respect to the protein whose displacement through the appropriate ligands modifications should improve ligands binding affinity. Results are consistent with the binding affinity being modeled as a ligand-water complex interacting with the protein. The presented approach offers new possibilities in revealing water networks and their contributions to the binding affinity of a ligand to a protein and is anticipated to be of utility for computer-aided drug design.
The New People in Canton
Authors: Yao Bruce
Published: March 2024

In 1784, American merchant and soon-to-be United States consul to China—Samuel Shaw— embarked upon a six-month journey to Canton aboard the Empress of China. Backed by the United States Government and fellow capitalists, Shaw’s voyage marked the beginning of relations between the newly independent United States and China. This paper will explore the motivations behind Shaw’s voyages by analyzing relevant primary documents alongside the context in which they were produced. Central to this paper’s arguments are Shaw’s journals , which are some of the only surviving documents from the earliest American trade delegations to China. Using these sources, this paper concludes that while trade with China was profitable, the profits involved were negligible in the context of the gruelling journey across the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Rather, this paper argues that the voyage to China was driven by a newly independent nation’s deeply rooted desire to project its sovereignty to the wider world. In other words, the Empress of China was guided by an ideal that reverberates across American history and popular imagination: independence.
A Forgotten Mission, An Unrealized Referendum
Authors: Sousa Constança
Published: March 2024

This article delves into the ongoing conflict in Western Sahara, emphasizing the recent rise in hostilities and the breakdown of the ceasefire between Morocco and the Frente POLISARIO. It analyzes the historical origins of the conflict and the establishment of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) in 1991. Through a comprehensive analysis of the challenges faced by MINURSO, particularly regarding voting eligibility and human rights, the article underscores the detrimental impacts of the mission’s compromised impartiality, particularly focusing on the implications of the United States’ biased foreign policy. In proposing policy recommendations, the article advocates for renewed UN Security Council involvement and neutrality, to reignite negotiations towards a referendum for self-determination. It warns of escalating tensions and the risk of full-scale conflict, emphasizing the importance of immediate action to maintain peace in Western Sahara and uphold the region’s stability within the broader Maghreb context.
Language, Power, and the Media in the Portrayal of Wartime Sexual Violence
Authors: Angeli Morgana
Published: March 2024

Sexual violence has increasingly been recognised – and framed – as a war crime. This essay seeks to unpack the normative and epistemological elements of this discourse. The literature is dominated by peacetime studies of gender and language which fail to analyse elements of shock and labels in the construction of the actors at play. This paper seeks to understand how language, power and media work together to infantilize women and create an implicit dichotomy of victims and survivors. Drawing on critical feminist and post-structural theories, it is argued that media agents play a significant role in shaping perception and defining policy on wartime rape, through language patterns and themes. It is concluded that the language employed by news articles contributes to the gendered socialization of wartime rape. The argument is illustrated by a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of two news channels, Al Jazeera and Fox News, which seeks to identify the common discursive themes and demonstrates that the rhetoric employed is self-perpetuating and is conducive to gendered assumptions and shortcomings.
The Erasure of a Black Sense of Place for Capital Accumulation: The Case of Little Jamaica
Authors: Sabeta Avery
Published: March 2024

Little Jamaica, a Black community in North-Western Toronto, has been a site of belonging for members of the Caribbean and African diaspora for more than 70 years. However, the community is on the brink of erasure due to the multi-billion-dollar Metrolinx Eglinton Crosstown Light Rail Transit (LRT) project. Due to the denial of Little Jamaica as a heritage conservation district, the city has allowed for its destruction for capital accumulation. By exploring the complex relationship between a Black sense of place, urban planning and capital interests, this paper will examine the distressing case of Little Jamaica. In order to protect Black communities and support Black futures, we must challenge systemic anti-Blackness in urban planning.
DẪN LIỆU BƯỚC ĐẦU VỀ TÍNH CHẤT ĐỊA LÝ ĐỘNG VẬT ỐC NƯỚC NGỌT NỘI ĐỊA TẠI THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Chính Bùi Thị , Giang Trần Văn , Nhượng Đỗ Văn , Chứng Ngô Đắc
Published: March 2024

Khảo sát và thu mẫu ốc nước ngọt nội địa tại Thừa Thiên Huế được tiến hành từ tháng 5/2018 - 7/2020. Kết quả đã đưa ra nhận xét bước đầu về địa lý động vật ốc ở nước ngọt nội địa tại Thừa Thiên Huế. Trong đó, yếu tố Ấn Độ - Mã Lai chiếm ưu thế (8 loài; chiếm 40%), kế tiếp là các loài phân bố rộng (6 loài; chiếm 30%), yếu tố Trung Hoa kém đa dạng (4 loài; chiếm 20%) và thấp nhất là thành phần đặc hữu cho Việt Nam (2 loài; chiếm 10%).
HOẠT HÓA THAN BÙN ĐỂ XỬ LÝ ION Cd2+ TRONG DUNG DỊCH NƯỚC
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Tươi , Bùi Thị Minh Nguyệt , Hồ Sỹ Thắng , Huỳnh Thị Ngọc , Nguyễn Quốc Thông , Nguyễn Văn Hưng
Published: March 2024

Trong nghiên cứu này, vật liệu nghiên cứu là than bùn được hoạt hóa bằng H3PO4 ở nồng độ 2,0 M. Các mẫu sau khi tổng hợp được đặc trưng bởi một số phương pháp như EDX, XRD, SEM, BET và FTIR. Tính chất hấp phụ của vật liệu được đánh giá thông qua khả năng loại bỏ ion Cd2+ trong dung dịch nước. Đặc trưng vật liệu cho thấy mẫu than bùn sau khi hoạt hóa có diện tích bề mặt riêng và độ xốp cao hơn so với mẫu than bùn thô. Nghiên cứu cho thấy dữ liệu thực nghiệm hấp phụ ion Cd2+ trên than bùn được hoạt hóa được mô tả tốt đồng thời bởi cả hai mô hình đẳng nhiệt Langmuir và Freundlich, tuy nhiên mô hình đẳng nhiệt Langmuir tỏ ra phù hợp hơn. Vật liệu than bùn được hoạt hóa đạt dung lượng hấp phụ cực đại qm 29,07 mg/g. Ngoài ra nghiên cứu còn cho thấy sự hấp phụ ion Cd2+ trên than bùn hoạt hóa tuân theo mô hình động học biểu kiến bậc 2. Từ những kết quả nghiên cứu trên cho thấy vật liệu hấp phụ từ than bùn có nhiều tiềm năng trong việc loại bỏ các ion kim loại nặng trong dung dịch nước.
TỐI ƯU HÓA ĐIỀU KIỆN NUÔI CẤY VÀ KHẢO SÁT KHẢ NĂNG PHÂN HỦY DIBENZOFURAN VÀ NAPHTHALENE CỦA CHỦNG VI KHUẨN Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans 4B1
Authors: Hà Thanh Lê Thị , Thuỷ Nguyễn Thị Thanh , Anh Lê Thị Vân , Giang Nguyễn Thị Kiều , Hương Hoàng Dương Thu
Published: March 2024

Ô nhiễm các hợp chất hydrocarbon thơm đa vòng gây ra do dư lượng chất độc chiến tranh hoặc từ chất thải của các hoạt động công nghiệp đã để lại nhiều hậu quả nghiêm trọng cho sức khỏe con người và môi trường sinh thái. Phương pháp phục hồi sinh học sử dụng các vi sinh vật có khả năng phân hủy các hợp chất ô nhiễm cho thấy hiệu quả xử lý cao, chi phí thấp, bền vững và thân thiện với môi trường hơn so với các phương pháp lý hóa thông thường. Trong nghiên cứu này, chủng vi khuẩn Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans 4B1, phân lập từ đất nhiễm dioxin, được nghiên cứu tối ưu hóa các điều kiện nuôi cấy và đánh giá khả năng phân hủy các hợp chất dibenzofuran và naphthalene. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy chủng vi khuẩn này sinh trưởng tốt nhất trên môi trường muối khoáng bổ sung 1250 mg/L dibenzofuran hoặc 750 mg/L naphthalene, pH 7,0, nuôi cấy ở nhiệt độ 45°C và tốc độ khuấy trộn 180 vòng/phút với mật độ tế bào lần lượt là 9,42 × 107 và 5,6 × 107 CFU/mL. Phân tích sắc ký khí hàm lượng cơ chất còn lại trong môi trường nuôi cấy cho thấy chủng 4B1 có khả năng phân hủy dibenzofuran và naphthalene với hiệu suất lần lượt là 79,76% và 83,03% sau 72 giờ nuôi cấy. Kết quả này là cơ sở cho việc ứng dụng chủng vi khuẩn Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans 4B1 trong nghiên cứu xử lý các môi trường bị ô nhiễm các hợp chất hydrocarbon thơm đa vòng.
Rallying Around the Flags
Authors: Hough Samuel
Published: March 2024

This paper deals with four of the most popular songs from the American Civil War: “Dixie’s Land,” “The Bonnie Blue Flag,” “The Battle Hymn of the Republic,” and “The Battle Cry of Freedom.” The Civil War was a time in American history when propaganda was produced at a high rate, with these four songs being some of the most enduring examples. By looking at the history of these songs, as well as the content of the lyrics, insights into the mindsets of both the North and the South can be gleaned. In particular, by looking at the covers of the songs, it is possible to understand more about the creators of these parodies. By the end of this paper, differences in mindset between the North and the South will become apparent.
Patron of the Past
Authors: Fookes Bram
Published: March 2024

This essay provided a rare opportunity for an undergraduate history student—doing hands-on research with a copy of a seventeenth-century book held in the Brock University's Special Collections. The essay provides a "way in" to understanding early English book culture. It explores that culture through an investigation of Philemon Holland’s 1635 translation of Pliny’s Natural History.
They Were Here
Authors: Rice Kat
Published: March 2024

The Norse were a culture of expansion that colonized much of the North Atlantic from Norway to Greenland, and briefly North America before their quest for expansion was pushed to the brink. The question thus becomes, did the Norse encounter Indigenous peoples in North America? If yes, what was the nature of their encounters? Archaeologists Peter Schledermann and Karen M. McCullough presented three theories of contact between the Norse and Indigenous peoples: direct contact, indirect contact, and no Norse presence. Though historians and archaeologists previously questioned if there was any contact between the Norse and the Indigenous peoples of North America, recent developments now suggest the Norse had direct contact with Indigenous peoples in Newfoundland, and direct and indirect contact with Indigenous peoples on Baffin Island. This essay explores the historiography of Norse interactions with the Indigenous peoples of North America in Newfoundland and the High Arctic to trace how the understanding of Norse contact has evolved.
Drop Dead Gorgeous
Authors: Giannotta Veronica
Published: March 2024

This article examines the obsession that British women during the Victorian period had with pure, white skin. Examining the ways in which pale skin became popular, it is possible to see that this preoccupation created a new and increased demand for products and potions that would give the illusion of a milky white complexion, the epitome of beauty, regardless of their toxic composition. The preference for natural products, like soap, became popular as poisonous powders and lotions came under scrutiny. Advertisements assisted with the obsession, with the British views of beauty, morality, purity, youthfulness, and racial superiority becoming intertwined with notions of whiteness. Messages likes these ensured that women would do whatever it took to achieve the ideal beauty, even if it was dangerous to their health.
Front Matter
Authors: Editors-in-Chief The
Published: March 2024

Front Matter
Small-scale egg and orange-fleshed sweet potato production and utilisation in selected communities in Ghana: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Habib Helen H , Donkor William E S , Konlan Maxwell , Babae Priscilla , Agordoh Salome , Aryeetey Richmond Nii Okai
Published: March 2024

BackgroundNutrition-related exposures during the first 1,000 days of life are a predictor of health outcomes later in life. World Vision Ghana’s ‘Improved Feeding practices for the 1,000 days’ (IFP) project aimed to improve dietary practices of women and children utilising an integrated intervention approach including nutrition, health, and agriculture strategies.ObjectiveThis paper reports on the production and utilisation of orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) and eggs for improving diets of women in reproductive age and young children during the first 1,000 days of life.MethodsPrimary data from Kassena-Nankana West (KNW), Sekyere East (SE) and Kintampo South (KS) districts were triangulated with project routine data for this analysis. Univariate analyses of quantitative data from baseline and implementation monitoring data were conducted to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of beneficiaries, inputs disbursed, outputs produced, and utilisation of the food commodities. Qualitative interviews from 61 participants were transcribed, coded, and thematically analysed; these were triangulated with the quantitative data to capture main themes and findings.ResultsOFSP and egg production and consumption increased annually across beneficiary communities. In 2021, 100% of OFSP produced was consumed in KS; in SE, 95.0% was consumed and 5.0% lost to post-harvest losses. In 2022, 90% OFSP produced in KNW was consumed and 9.0% sold. In KS, 90.3% was consumed and 9.0% sold. In SE, 82.3% was consumed and 17.1% sold. Egg production at the end of the first production year (2022) was 18,720 crates in KNW, 19,680 crates in KS and 40,128 crates in SE. Egg consumption in sample households was less than 10% in 2022 and showed a decreased trend in the first half of 2023. In SE and KS, egg and OFSP production, respectively, increased, exponentially; sale for income was the most common mode of utilisation in eggs but OFSP was consumed in these districts. In KNW, climate, irrigation and socio-cultural barriers hindered the maximal production and utility of the produce, which was not observed in SE and KS, which did not have any of these identified barriers. Reported unintended benefits of production and utilisation included increased household income, food security, and availability of organic manure as a side-product of poultry.ConclusionsThe IFP project resulted in increased household level production, use and distribution of Eggs and OFSP across the three focal districts. Similar settings may benefit from this intervention by adapting the strategies to become easier for beneficiaries to better cope with likely potential barriers such as poultry mortality and water scarcity.
The impact of Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer recurrence following chemotherapy treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Simtion Caitlyn A , Simtion Kyle A , Merhavy Zachary I , Samways Guimarães Ana Flavia , Aijaz Afaf , Merhavy Cheney E , Courtois Emily C , Varkey Thomas C
Published: March 2024

BackgroundPrevious research suggests that the Mediterranean diet (a diet high in fruits and vegetables, lean protein, legumes, whole grains, and olive oils) provides protective effects against colorectal cancer. However, there has been little research to determine how the Mediterranean diet could help prevent the recurrence of colorectal cancer following chemotherapy treatment.ObjectiveThis systematic review assesses the impact of the Mediterranean diet on the rate of recurrence following colorectal cancer treatment.MethodsA systematic search on PubMed, UNE Library, and EMBASE was conducted to find all research studies assessing the Mediterranean diet and its effects on colorectal cancer and post-treatment effects. Article titles and abstracts were screened for relevance in addition to full article screening for eligibility and were quality rated based on ANDEAL criteria.ResultsSixteen studies met the eligibility criteria and, as a result, were included. One study assessed lifestyle factors; three studies assessed the components of the Mediterranean diet and their effects on colorectal cancer; one study assessed the dietary inflammatory index and its impact on colorectal cancer; five studies assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet; four studies assessed diet following cancer treatments; and two studies assessed long-term nutritional intervention on cancer recurrence. The results revealed that the Mediterranean diet has a positive impact on reducing the risk of colorectal cancer, with potential health benefits following treatment for colorectal cancer. Limitations in analyzing results include being a time-locked study, inability to access all articles on the topic, use of English-only articles, and limitation of search terms utilized.ConclusionsWhile previous research reveals evidence that the Mediterranean diet reduces the risk of colorectal cancer, there is compelling data to suggest that adherence the Mediterranean diet, as a normal diet pattern following treatment for colorectal cancer, could reduce the rate of recurrence. Future research is needed to examine the effects of the Mediterranean diet following colorectal cancer treatment.
The contribution of the National Nutrition Policy in addressing Ghana's social determinants of health and nutrition inequalities
Authors: Larbi Sarah Gyamfua
Published: March 2024

One of the major challenges for developing countries is growing economic prosperous while eradicating poverty and lowering social and health inequalities. The National Nutrition Policy of Ghana (NNP) was launched in July 2016 to ensure optimal nutrition for people living in Ghana, promote child survival, and enhance capacity for economic growth and development. A review of the policy was conducted in 2018 where the effectiveness of the policy in meeting its objectives was ranked as poor, impacting negatively on the social determinants of health. This article analyzes the NNP by using the Kingdon Framework to determine how problems, politics, and the policy itself can act as a tool to address the factors that have a significant influence on an individual’s health and well-being, especially the marginalized in society.
Surgery for Spinal Deformities in Patients with Osteoporosis — A Secondary Publication
Authors: Kim Sang-Il , Park Hyung-Youl , Jeon Woong-Ki , Kim Young-Hoon
Published: March 2024

Objective: This review aims to present relevant considerations for the surgical treatment of spinal deformities accompanied by osteoporosis, how surgeons are trying to overcome the challenges posed by osteoporosis in patients with spinal deformities, and directions for further development. Summary of literature review: Various trials have been carried out to overcome the short- and long-term complications associated with osteoporosis in order to achieve successful clinical results in the surgical treatment of spinal deformities. Methods: A comprehensive review of relevant articles was conducted. Results: The surgical goal of treating spinal deformities is to reverse neurological compromise and restore balanced spine alignment. To achieve these goals, several surgical considerations should be kept in mind. Osteoporosis is an important issue related to early and long-term complications following surgery. Methods of overcoming the challenges posed by osteoporosis such as rigid fixation techniques, proper selection of the fusion levels, perioperative medical treatment, and effective bone grafting materials are described herein; however, further development in these areas is also necessary. Conclusions: Osteoporosis may be a major obstacle in spinal deformity surgery. Although several effective attempts have been made to overcome these limitations, further research and trials are necessary to obtain better results.
Advances in the Treatment of Bone Nonunion in Limb Fractures
Authors: Guo Ling , Gao Qiong
Published: March 2024

Limb fractures are a common disease type in clinical practice caused by incidents such as traffic accidents and work-related injuries in daily life. Most patients gradually recover after receiving internal fixation treatment, and the treatment effect is relatively significant. According to relevant surveys and studies, the probability of bone nonunion in postoperative patients is 5–10%, which is a common complication. Nonunion is a condition where the fractured bone has not healed after an extended period of time, e.g. 9 months after treatment, and there is no sign of improvement for 3 consecutive months, necessitating timely treatment. This article reviews the research progress in the treatment of nonunion in limb fractures.
MODERNIZATION OF THE CONTENT OF HISTORICAL EDUCATION: STEREOTYPES OF NATIONAL HISTORY – «KHORTYTSIA SICH»
Authors: Shcherbak Vitalii
Published: March 2024

The proposed article highlights the genesis of the Zaporozhian Sich, on the clarification of which the approach to the coverage of the history of the Zaporozhian Cossacks largely depends. The purpose of the article is to refute the stereotype of national history about the «town» of Prince Dmytro Vyshnevetskyi as the first Zaporozhian Sich and to reflect the relevant terminology in school textbooks and manuals in order to modernize historical education. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity, and a dialectical approach to the analysis of historical phenomena. It is emphasized that the emergence of the Cossack center on the southern border was due to the growth of its numbers and the need to protect Ukrainian lands from Tatar expansion. No direct evidence of the functioning of the Sich in the 50s of the 16th century has been found in written sources, only the presence of a «town» or «castle» in Zaporizhzhia is recorded. Hence, the idea of identifying Dmytro Vyshnevetskyi's «town» with the so-called Khortytska Sich seems doubtful. At the same time, the representative of an aristocratic family made great efforts to defend Ukrainian lands, thus contributing to the consolidation of the Cossack population. This is the outstanding role of Prince Knight Dmytro Vyshnevetskyi in national history. And the castle he built on the Kichka Cape of the Dnipro River, also recorded in the sources on the island of Mala Khortytsia, became a kind of prototype of the fortification of the Zaporozhian community, which, having established itself on the island of Tomakivka in the 80s of the sixteenth century, was called the Zaporozhian Sich. Thus, the study refutes the stereotypes of national history in order to modernize historical education.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT AS A FACTOR IN MODERNIZING THE TEACHING NATURAL SCIENCE SUBJECTS
Authors: Yaroshenko Olha , Korshevniuk Tetiana , Vashchenko Lidiia
Published: March 2024

The relevance of using formative assessment in Ukrainian schools is outlined and confirmed by legal documents. The type of assessment focuses on the learning process and students’ achievements, which positively affects the results of teaching of natural science subjects. The scientific articles by foreign and Ukrainian authors on the essence and features of formative education were consistently analyzed. It is noted that the studied pedagogical phenomenon was justified by foreign scientists and has been used in schools for many years. Its effectiveness has been proven in practice. Until recently, formative assessment was not required in Ukrainian schools, so there is no fundamental research and established practice of its use in natural science education. Natural science teachers proactively comprehend its methodology and fragmentarily use it in the educational process. Theoretical and practical readiness of natural science teachers to use formative assessment was investigated by means of an online survey of 400 natural science teachers. Based on the results obtained, it was found out that natural science teachers are motivated, but their theoretical and practical readiness to use formative assessment is not sufficient. The conclusion is made about the need for targeted training of teachers to master the methodology of formative assessment. It is important that further research on the readiness of science teachers to use formative assessment is based not only on self-assessment, but also on expert assessments.
The Effects of Temperature and Phasins on Polyhydroxyalkanoic Acid (PHA) Accumulation in Heterologous Hosts Containing a PHA Synthase from Vibrio species B-18
Authors: Lyons Edward
Published: March 2024

Polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (PHA) are bacterial carbon reserves with application as biodegradable biocompatible plastics. PHA synthase, encoded by phaC, creates the PHA polymer. Evidence presented by many researchers has emphasized the role of phasin proteins in PHA accumulation. Phasins have been implicated in PHA granule localization, PHA synthase activation, and possibly chaperone and nucleoid binding functions. The phaC gene from Vibrio species B-18 with and without an upstream gene showing homology to phasin genes (orf2) were placed into runaway replication vectors, which use temperature to control gene expression. The aim of this thesis is to explore earlier observations that lower temperatures and the presence of orf2 enhance PHA accumulation in enteric bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli and Klebsiella aerogenes. This study also sought to determine the correct transcriptional start site for PhaCB18, which has two potential start sites in close proximity. Cells containing the wildtype genes or one of three phaC mutations were subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis for gene expression and the ability to accumulate PHA via microscopy. The findings support the conclusion that the first ATG within phaC is the transcriptional start for PHA synthase. Furthermore, optimal PHA accumulation occurred only in the presence of orf2. However, this enhancing effect was only observed in cells grown at the lower temperatures that do not promote gene overexpression. Vibrio species B-18 was shown to have a lower growth optimum than either of the enteric hosts and this could explain why PHA accumulation occurred more readily in uninduced cells.
Popularização da Ciência na Perspectiva CTS: Uma Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Setlik Joselaine , Pelissari Lucas Barbosa
Published: March 2024

Este estudo relata algumas das atuais discussões e investigações acerca da popularização da ciência pela perspectiva Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS), a partir de uma revisão sistemática de literatura. A sistematização foca em 53 artigos publicados na última década em quatro bases de dados (Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science e DOAJ). Metodologicamente, foram utilizados parâmetros e procedimentos do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), buscando identificar, por um lado, temas e debates em torno da popularização da ciência e, por outro, investigações práticas a respeito da questão. Os descritores utilizados nas buscas levaram em conta, centralmente, a abordagem CTS. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de desenvolver políticas públicas de formação e incentivo para estudantes e pesquisadores se envolverem em ações de popularização da ciência. Além disso, a consideração do papel epistêmico das assimetrias na comunicação científica pode ajudar a superar a discussão rasa em torno de modelos deficitários e o desenvolvimento de modelos participativos deliberativos. Ainda mostra-se necessário maior número de estudos em torno do desenvolvimento de modelos de comunicação participativa que enfatizem a justiça social pela valorização da diversidade de conhecimentos, métodos e práticas comunicativas.
Organizational Justice and Work Motivation: The Perspective of Civil Servant Groups in Banten and Central Java Provinces
Authors: Minrohayati Minrohayati , Tantri Sakina Nusarifa , Damayanti Prisila , Siolemba Patiro Shine Pintor
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to uncover the effect of organizational justice (procedural justice, distributive justice, and interactional justice) on the work motivation of BAPENDA employees in Banten and Central Java Provinces. The data were collected using a survey with a purposive sampling technique. The sample size of the study was 587 persons, which involved 200 civil servants at Central Java Province BAPENDA and 387 civil servants at Banten Province BAPENDA. The data were analyzed using multigroup Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study showed that organizational justice (distributive, procedural, and interactional justices) can explain and predict the work motivation in the cultural group background of Banten and Central Java. The involvement of the two different cultural groups in this study indicated that the analysis supports the high model fit. In other words, the psychometric properties of the model measurements was not disturbed by the group presence, aka disturbed by the deceptive response.
THE EFFECTS OF TRANSFER PRICING, THIN CAPITALIZATION, FIRM SIZE, AND TAX HAVEN COUNTRY UTILIZATION ON TAX AGGRESSIVENESS
Authors: Ruknan Ruknan , Khair Oki Iqbal , Diraga Muhammad Givary
Published: March 2024

This research aims to examine the effects of transfer pricing, thin capitalization, firm size, and tax haven country utilization on tax aggressiveness. This study uses manufacturing sector companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2017 – 2021 period. The total of samples used were 14 manufacturing sector companies for 5 years. This study used multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS 25. The results of this research indicated that transfer pricing and thin capitalization have no effect on tax aggressiveness. While, firm size has a positive and significant effect on tax aggressiveness. Also, tax haven country utilization has negative and significant effect on tax aggressiveness This research have an implication for related parties, especially the Directorate General of Taxes of the Republic of Indonesia and taxpayers in minimizing tax aggressiveness

Keywords : Aggressiveness, Transfer Pricing, Capitalization, Firm, Haven, Tax
THE EFFECT OF AWARENESS KNOWLEDGE OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED TAX, AND TAX SANCTIONS AGAINST MSME TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE
Authors: Andrew Richard , Lusy Lusy , Mastan Stanislaus Adnanto , Septian Winda
Published: March 2024

The highest source of state revenue comes from tax revenue,according to the DGT (2023) explaining that the source of state tax revenue is IDR 162 trillion. This tax source is used for the construction of facilities for communities throughout Indonesia. A taxpayer is required to always comply both in terms of reporting property through a notification letter (SPT) and tax payments each year. The object of research in this study is all MSME taxpayers registered in Sidoarjo and Surabaya.The selection of places is because East Java province has the third largest number of MSMEs after West Java and Central Java with data of 1,153,576 in 2022. Sidoarjo is one of the districts with the largest number of MSMEs in Indonesia at 206,000, while Surabaya is the capital of East Java province and has a total of 60,000 MSMEs in 2021. Surabaya and Sidoarjo are also the two largest industrial sites in East Java compared to other regions. Sampling techniques in this study using purposive sampling. This type of research is quantitative research with questionnaires through Google Form with a Likert scale of 1-5.The purpose of this study is to analyze and test the effect of taxpayer awareness, technology-based tax knowledge and tax sanctions on MSME taxpayer compliance. The specific purpose of this study is to see whether the level of compliance of an MSME taxpayer is maintained in the midst of extraordinary technological developments in the Industrial Revolution 5.0. The urgency of this study is that if MSME taxpayers have a level of awareness, science and technology-based knowledge, different tax sanctions and different taxpayer compliance, the special specifications in this study, focus more on the theme of sustainable tax research in terms of level of awareness, knowledge and tax sanctions. The stages of this research include: (1) Preparing questionnaires related to factors that affect awareness, technology-based knowledge, tax sanctions on MSME taxpayer compliance (2) Preparing research proposals; (3) distributing questionnaires for MSME taxpayers in Sidoarjo and Surabaya; (4) collecting questionnaires; (5) processing data; (6) discussing data that has been processed; (7) preparing publication outputs; (8) making a final report. The urgency of this research is related to the research model that examines the variables of awareness, technology-based knowledge, tax sanctions and compliance of MSME taxpayers, especially from the questionnaire items distributed.

Keywords: Awareness knowledge, science and Technology, Tax sanctions, taxpayer compliance, MSMEs
THE INFLUENCE OF SYSTEM QUALITY, INFORMATION QUALITY, SERVICE QUALITY AND COMPUTER ANXIETY ON USER SATISFACTION IN THE DANA APPLICATION
Authors: Fatmawati Erina Farah , Fitriati Azmi , Fakhruddin Iwan , Pandansari Tiara
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of system quality, information quality, services quality and computer anxiety on user satisfaction of dana application. Sampling in this research used to Accidental Sampling technique with a sample size of 100 respondents who used the dana application. The analytical method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a Partial; Least Square (PLS) approach. The research results show that system quality and service quality have a positive effect on dana application user satisfaction. Meanwhile, information quality and computer anxiety have no effect on user satisfaction with dana application.
THE EFFECT OF PRICE, VARIATION PRODUCT AND SERVICE QUALITY ON BUYING DECISION AT MARKET PLACE SHOPEE
Authors: Miftahudin Dwi , Sugiono Sugiono , Rinnanik Rinnanik , Desastra Yolla Zelika , Buchori Buchori
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of price, product variety and service quality on purchasing decisions at the Shopee market place at the As-Sya'roniyyah Islamic boarding school.

This research method uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study was an unlimited number of students at the As-Sya'roniyyah Islamic boarding school. The sampling technique used Purposive Sampling Technique, with the criteria being that respondents had made purchases at the Shopee market place, at least twice, were at least 15 years old, male or female. Data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires to respondents who meet the criteria. The data analysis method used is Multiple Linear Analysis with SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) version 25. This research proves that the more and higher the product variety and service quality, the more purchasing decisions will increase, while price is not able to increase purchasing decisions. There are many more variables that influence purchasing decisions that were not examined in this research. This research focuses on one object and the results of this research cannot be generalized to other objects that are not the same. Improving knowledge in making a strategy or decision in reaching potential consumers and retaining consumers in purchasing products in this research object This research focuses on the shopee market place object at the As-Sya'roniyyah Islamic boarding school with the variables price, product variety and service quality which are the variables that influence consumer purchasing decisions at that object.

Keyword : price, product variation, quality service, buying decision
THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEWS, ONLINE CUSTOMER RATINGS, AND CELEBRITY ENDORSERS ON E-COMMERCE SHOPEE PURCHASING DECISIONS (Study on Generation Z in Tahunan District)
Authors: Duhita Sari Cindy Ratna , Arifin Samsul
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of online customer reviews, online customer ratings and celebrity endorsers on Shopee e-commerce purchasing decisions among generation Z in Tahunan sub-district. The population is generation Z in Tahunan sub-district. The total sample was 100 respondents from Generation Z, Tahunan sub-district, which was calculated using the Slovin formula. Purposive sampling is the technique used for collecting this data. Data collection through questionnaires was analyzed using SmartPLS-4. The research results show that the existence of online customer review (X1) has a positive, significant influence on purchasing decisions. Online customer rating (X2) has a positive, significant influence on purchasing decisions. Celebrity endorser (X3) has a positive, significant influence on purchasing decisions. It can be concluded that online customer reviews, online customer ratings, and celebrity endorsers together have a positive, significant influence on purchasing decisions.