bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Lower Extremity Calcific Myonecrosis: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA,, Waller Garrett , Fox Jake A ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA,, Domingue Grayson A ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA,, Ringenberg Jon ,   University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA., White Jeremy ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA,
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Calcific myonecrosis is a rare soft-tissue disease where a single muscle or muscle compartment is replaced with central liquefaction and peripheral calcification resulting in a central cystic mass in the muscle. This disease usually occurs in a single limb and post-traumatically. Until now, bilateral muscle involvement has not been previously reported. Case Report: A 73-year-old woman with expanding masses in anterior thigh muscles bilaterally. She had no known history of trauma, but she was a body builder previously and recalls a specific tearing sensation episode in both her legs while squatting. The patient subsequently underwent excision of calcification and heterotopic bone formation along with rectus femoris tenotomies in one leg and rectus femoris and vastus medialis tenotomies on the contralateral leg. Conclusion: Historical and radiographic information are key in diagnosis of calcific myonecrosis. Decision- making criteria for treatment should be based on the patient’s symptoms. Decision-making criteria for treatment should be based on the patient’s symptoms. Symptomatic patients should be considered for excision of the symptomatic involved areas. A tenotomy may be a viable option if a limitation in motion is the primary complaint. Asymptomatic patients with a stable lesion and imaging should undergo conservative management with no biopsy due to the high risk of infection and wound healing problems. Keywords: Oncology, infection, calcific myonecrosis, tumor.
A Rare Case of Solitary Osteochondroma of Right Hip with Unusual Clinical Presentation
Authors: Mukkamalla Sai Kumar Reddy , Sreekanth Damagatla , Reddy G Gnanendra , Rao H Umanath , Krishna P Siva Rama
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Osteochondroma is the most common primary benign tumor and developmental osseous anomaly resulting in exophytic overgrowth on the surface of bone lined by hyaline cartilage cap. In morphological view, they are sessile or pedunculated forms most commonly occurring in hip, scapula, humerus, and rarely, clavicle. X-ray, MRI, angiogram are useful to know the bony, vascular pathology and histopathological investigation is the gold standard investigation to confirm the diagnosis. Case Report: A 30-year-old male patient presented to our department with pain and swelling over the right gluteal region followed by difficulty in walking in the past 3 months. On clinical and radiological examination, we observed the findings suggestive of osteochondroma, the patient was planned for excisional biopsy, and the material sent to histopathological examination which confirmed as osteochondroma. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and excision of tumor prevent functional disability and malignant transformation and improve the life expectancy. Keywords: Osteochondroma, sessile, pedunculated histopathological examination, malignant transformation.
Case Report: Traumatic Distal Achilles Tendon Rupture in a Pediatric Patient
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Mclaren Macomb Hospital-Michigan State University, Mount Clemens, Michigan., Supanich Michael Anthony , Bodine Michael ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Mclaren Macomb Hospital-Michigan State University, Mount Clemens, Michigan., Milshteyn Michael ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Mclaren Macomb Hospital-Michigan State University, Mount Clemens, Michigan.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Acute Achilles tendon ruptures in the pediatric population are an uncommon occurrence and there is currently limited literature with regard to this injury. Further, there is limited data evaluating traumatic lacerations of the distal substance of the Achilles tendon near the insertion site and its management, as opposed to the more common cited location of rupture at the mid-substance of the tendon. This case is the first known article to specifically address primary repair with non-absorbable sutures utilizing a Krackow configuration at this level in this patient population. Case Report: A case of a 10-year-old male who sustained a traumatic distal Achilles tendon laceration near the insertion site who was successfully treated with primary repair with non-absorbable sutures utilizing a Krackow configuration is presented. This repair technique demonstrated return to full functional ankle plantar and dorsiflexion with return to pre-injury level of activity. Conclusion: This case report highlights that primary repair with non-absorbable sutures utilizing a Krackow configuration on distal traumatic Achilles tendon lacerations near the insertion site in pediatric patients is a safe and effective method of repair for this uncommon injury presentation. Keywords: Traumatic, pediatric, Achilles, case report.
Ipsilateral Intertrochanteric Fracture with Posterior Dislocation of Hip
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India,, Singh Jagdeep , Gupta Pranav ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India,, Kanwa Sahil ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Civil Hospital, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India., Pookunju Azhar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India,
Published: November 2023

Introduction: High-energy trauma has increased the incidence of traumatic hip dislocation and dislocation is often associated with fractures. However, a hip fracture-dislocation extending to the ipsilateral femoral trochanter is exceedingly rare and only a few cases have been described. We report a case of irreducible posterior dislocation of the hip with ipsilateral intertrochanteric fracture managed by open reduction and osteosynthesis. Case Report: A 50-year-old male presented with a history of fall from an electricity pole with pain in the left hip and an inability to bear weight on his left lower limb. Radiographs confirmed the presence of posterior dislocation of the left hip with comminuted intertrochanteric fracture on the same side. Conclusion: Posterior dislocation of the hip with same side inter trochanteric fracture is a rare traumatic entity, with only few case being reported. Literature does not provide any classification for such rare traumatic fracture dislocation. Management of such fracture requires early diagnosis and intervention which can result in good prognosis. Keywords: Avascular necrosis, intertrochanteric fracture, Pipkin classification, posterior dislocation, proximal femoral nailing.
Mother blame and emotion work: a sociological study on Swedish mothers of children with long-term school absenteeism
Authors: Laurin Emma
Published: November 2023

Building on interviews with 31 Swedish mothers and drawing on the concepts of emotion work, feeling rules, and cultural, economic and social capital, the article examines the emotion management mothers of neurodivergent and school-absent children carry out as they navigate school and care systems to improve their children’s situation. Three main findings are presented: (1) the mothers were left with a burdensome individual responsibility to obtain support for their children in the education and care sectors, and while doing so, they were expected to follow feeling rules emphasising reason, calmness and a constructive attitude; (2) the emotion work the mothers carried out in relation to the feeling rules was underscored by mother blame; and (3) the mothers’ emotion work was marked by their cultural, economic and social capital, though not always in a straightforward way.

The article contributes to research on mother blame by illuminating the underexplored issue of emotion work among mothers experiencing mother blame. The results also add to previous research on mother blame and social class by demonstrating when and how mothers’ cultural, economic and social capital helps them fend off mother blame and when such resources play a more ambiguous role.
CNN neural network temporal feature storage structure fusion for the visible channel equalization algorithm
Authors: Ke Xizheng , Zhang Qingyang , Qin Huanhuan
Published: November 2023

The visible light communication channel has time-varying characteristics and is difficult to predict. This paper proposes an equalization algorithm based on the structure of a convolutional neural network (CNN), combining time series feature length and long short-term memory (LSTM), and adding a residual structure. It can be seen that the equalization coefficient vector of the optical channel is a time series, which can reflect the noise characteristics of the channel and has storage characteristics. The equalizer algorithm can accurately learn the complex channel characteristics and calculate the compensation coefficient according to the channel characteristics. It can also restore the original transmission signal. At the same time, this paper also examines the compensation method of the receiver in the mobile state. The long-term memory parameters of LSTM are used to represent the sequence causality in the memory channel, and CNN and residual structure are used to refine the results and improve the accuracy of the reconstruction. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively eliminate the influence of the fading characteristics of the visible optical channel, improve the bit error rate performance of system transmission, solve the overall problem of channel corruption, and precisely restore the original transmission signal with fast convergence speed. In addition, this method can achieve a better balance between performance and complexity compared to the traditional contention balancing method, which proves the potential and effectiveness of the proposed channel balancing method.
Ocular aberration measurement with and without an aperture stop using a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor
Authors: Yang Yanrong , Huang Linhai , Zhao Junlei , Gu Naiting , Dai Yun
Published: November 2023

Pupil size is an important parameter since it governs the magnitude of ocular aberrations. The pupil size of a human eye has significant individual differences and varies with light level and accommodation. In order to accurately measure ocular aberrations under different pupil sizes using a Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWFS), two types of relationship matrices R(1) and R(2) were proposed, which corresponded to wavefront reconstruction with and without an aperture stop, respectively. The numerical and experimental results indicated that matrix R(2) can significantly improve the accuracy of wavefront restoration when the incident beam size is inconsistent with the wavefront reconstruction aperture. Meanwhile, the impact of the aperture stop on the reconstruction accuracy will become smaller and smaller as the ratio ρ of the outer area to the detection aperture decreases. This study not only can be used for accurately measuring ocular aberrations under different pupil sizes, but also for other variable aperture aberrations measurement in other applications.
Indium tin oxide ultrafast laser lift-off ablation mechanisms and damage minimization
Authors: Hallum Goran Erik , Kürschner Dorian , Eulenkamp Constanze , Auer Ramon , Hartmann Bastian , Schulz Wolfgang , Huber Heinz Paul
Published: November 2023

We draw comparisons between the ablation and damage mechanisms that occur for both film and substrate irradiation using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and pump-probe reflectometry. For substrate irradiation, energy absorbed at the film-substrate interface creates a confined energy situation, resulting in a photomechanical lift-off. A partial ablation at the edges of the ablated zone formed the burr and was reduced in height by minimizing the area subject to the partial ablation threshold fluence. Substrate damage is understood to arise from free electron diffusion from indium tin oxide and subsequent laser heating. We establish a process window for substrate irradiation in a single-pulse ablation regime between approximately two to three times the ablation threshold of 0.18 J/cm2, validating the process window seen in literature and provide a crucial understanding for the ablation mechanisms of transparent conductive films.
Low-complexity LDPC decoding algorithms for ultra-high-order modulated signals
Authors: Zhu Hongjun , Fu Meiyu , Hou Chen , Hu Guijun
Published: November 2023

Low-complexity decoding algorithms and ultra-high-order modulation formats are necessary to meet data rate requirements in excess of 1 Tbps. The information bottleneck algorithm has been effectively applied to the LDPC decoding algorithm in recent years, and its performance is comparable to that of the double-precision information propagation technique. However, the application of information bottleneck decoding algorithms in ultra-high order modulation forms has received little attention. Furthermore, the number of table lookups required for a single decoding loop is square to the node degree, which is undesirable for optical communications. We present a low-complexity LDPC decoding technique for ultra-high-order modulated signals in this study. First, the algorithm employs multivariate covariates to build an information bottleneck framework, which introduces the processing required for applying the information bottleneck algorithm to 1024-QAM signals and the requirement of combining higher-order modulation formats with LDPC codes. The technique makes use of a bidirectional recursive network and the symmetry of quantized information to reuse the same set of tables, considerably reducing the number of table lookup operations required in the decoding process. Constructing a coherent optical communication system with 1024-QAM signals proves that the proposed algorithm can operate effectively. The performance sacrifice of 0.2 ∼ 0.3 dB reduces the number of table lookup operations required for decoding from square to linear magnitude, which greatly reduces the decoding time required in optical communication.
Mitigation of transverse mode instability by modal birefringence in polarization-maintaining fibers
Authors: Palma-Vega Gonzalo , Jáuregui César , Hässner Denny , Möller Friedrich , Kuhn Stefan , Nold Johannes , Tünnermann Andreas , Limpert Jens , Haarlammert Nicoletta , Schreiber Thomas
Published: November 2023

The effect of transverse mode instability (TMI) poses a fundamental obstacle for a further scaling of diffraction-limited, high-power fiber laser systems. In this work we present a theoretical and experimental study on the mitigation of TMI by modal birefringence in a polarization maintaining (PM) fiber. With the help of comprehensive simulations, we show that the thermally-induced refractive index grating responsible for TMI can be modified and washed out when light is coupled with a polarization input angle detuned from the main axes of the fiber. To confirm the theoretical predictions, we have designed and manufactured an Yb-doped large-mode-area PM fiber. Using this fiber, we have systematically investigated the dependence of the TMI threshold on the polarization input angle of the seed laser. We experimentally demonstrate that when the polarization input angle of the seed is aligned at 50° with respect to the slow-axis, the TMI threshold increases by a factor of 2, verifying the theory and the numerical simulations. A high speed polarization mode-resolved analysis of the output beam is presented, which reveals that at the onset of TMI both polarization axes fluctuates simultaneously.
Flexible rotation of linear polarization conversion with a frequency selective surface
Authors: Ding Guowen , Chen Linhao , Bi Jiedong , Qu Kai , Chen Sen , Luo Xinyao , Chen Ke , Wang Shenyun
Published: November 2023

A high-efficiency transmitted polarization converter based on a frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed in this paper. The FSS-based polarization converter (FSS-PC) is designed based on receiving-via-transmitting (RVT) structure. The receiving and transmitting antenna structures are interconnected by the transmission line, designed in the form of metallized via holes. For any linearly polarized (LP) electromagnetic wave, our proposed FSS-PC has the capability to convert it into another LP electromagnetic wave. This converted wave will have a counterclockwise rotation angle of 2φ relative to the incident wave at 11 GHz. This is achieved by adjusting the relative azimuth φ between the polarization plane of the incident LP wave's electric field and the converter. Meanwhile, the FSS-PC can achieve exceptionally high polarization conversion above −0.30 dB at the central frequency of 11 GHz. Furthermore, as the azimuth of the incident electric field varies, this high-efficiency polarization conversion capability remains stable. The prototype has been fabricated and measured, and the measured results agree well with the simulated ones, thus confirming the effectiveness of the proposed design.
Dual-polarization Microwave Channelizer based on a Kerr Soliton Crystal Microcomb
Authors: tan mengxi , Moss David , Xu Xingyuan
Published: November 2023

We report a dual-polarization radio frequency (RF) channelizer based on microcombs. With the tailored mismatch between the FSRs of the active and passive MRRs, wideband RF spectra can be channelized into multiple segments featuring digital-compatible bandwidths via the Vernier effect. Due to the use of dual-polarization states, the number of channelized spectral segments, and thus the RF instantaneous bandwidth (with a certain spectral resolution), can be doubled. In our experiments, we used 20 microcomb lines with ~ 49 GHz FSR to achieve 20 channels for each polarization, with high RF spectra slicing resolutions at 144 MHz (TE) and 163 MHz (TM), respectively; achieving an instantaneous RF operation bandwidth of 3.1 GHz (TE) and 2.2 GHz (TM). Our approach paves the path towards monolithically integrated photonic RF receivers (the key components—active and passive MRRs are all fabricated on the same platform) with reduced complexity, size, and unprecedented performance, which is important for wide RF applications with digital-compatible signal detection.
Indium-doped perovskite-related cesium copper halide scintillator films for high-performance X-ray imaging
Authors: Liu Rui , Liu Zhiyong , Lin Chengxu , Niu Guangda , Zhang Xuning , Sun Bo , Shi Tielin , Liao Guanglan
Published: November 2023

Scintillators are widely utilized in high-energy radiation detection in view of their high light yield and short fluorescence decay time. However, constrained by their current shortcomings, such as complex fabrication procedures, high temperature, and difficulty in the large scale, it is difficult to meet the increasing demand for cost-effective, flexible, and environment-friendly X-ray detection using traditional scintillators. Perovskite-related cesium copper halide scintillators have recently received multitudinous research due to their tunable emission wavelength, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), and excellent optical properties. Herein, we demonstrated a facile solution-synthesis route for indium-doped all-inorganic cesium copper iodide (Cs3Cu2I5) powders and a high scintillation yield flexible film utilizing indium-doped Cs3Cu2I5 powders. The large area flexible films achieved a PLQY as high as 90.2% by appropriately adjusting the indium doping concentration, much higher than the undoped one (73.9%). Moreover, benefiting from low self-absorption and high PLQY, the Cs3Cu2I5:In films exhibited ultralow detection limit of 56.2 nGy/s, high spatial resolution up to 11.3 lp/mm, and marvelous relative light output with strong stability, facilitating that Cs3Cu2I5:In films are excellent candidates for X-ray medical radiography. Our work provides an effective strategy for developing environment-friendly, low-cost, and efficient scintillator films, showing great potential in the application of high-performance X-ray imaging.
10  Gb/s classical secure key distribution based on temporal steganography and private chaotic phase scrambling
Authors: Gao Zhensen , Deng Zhitao , Zhang Lihong , Gao Xulin , An Yuehua , Wang Anbang , Fu Songnian , Li Zhaohui , Wang Yuncai , Qin Yuwen
Published: November 2023

Secure distribution of high-speed digital encryption/decryption keys over a classical fiber channel is strongly pursued for realizing perfect secrecy communication systems. However, it is still challenging to achieve a secret key rate in the order of tens of gigabits per second to be comparable with the bit rate of commercial fiber-optic systems. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel solution for high-speed secure key distribution based on temporal steganography and private chaotic phase scrambling in the classical physical layer. The encryption key is temporally concealed into the background noise in the time domain and randomly phase scrambled bit-by-bit by a private chaotic signal, which provides two layers of enhanced security to guarantee the privacy of key distribution while providing a high secret key rate. We experimentally achieved a record classical secret key rate of 10 Gb/s with a bit error rate lower than the hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) over a 40 km standard single mode fiber. The proposed solution holds great promise for achieving high-speed key distribution in the classical fiber channel by combining steganographic transmission and chaotic scrambling.
Dynamic multifunctional metasurfaces: an inverse design deep learning approach
Authors: Lei Zhi-Dan , Xu Yi-Duo , Lei Cheng , Zhao Yan , Wang Du
Published: November 2023

Optical metasurfaces (OMs) offer unprecedented control over electromagnetic waves, enabling advanced optical multiplexing. The emergence of deep learning has opened new avenues for designing OMs. However, existing deep learning methods for OMs primarily focus on forward design, which limits their design capabilities, lacks global optimization, and relies on prior knowledge. Additionally, most OMs are static, with fixed functionalities once processed. To overcome these limitations, we propose an inverse design deep learning method for dynamic OMs. Our approach comprises a forward prediction network and an inverse retrieval network. The forward prediction network establishes a mapping between meta-unit structure parameters and reflectance spectra. The inverse retrieval network generates a library of meta-unit structure parameters based on target requirements, enabling end-to-end design of OMs. By incorporating the dynamic tunability of the phase change material Sb2Te3 with inverse design deep learning, we achieve the design and verification of dynamic multifunctional OMs. Our results demonstrate OMs with multiple information channels and encryption capabilities that can realize multiple physical field optical modulation functions. When Sb2Te3 is in the amorphous state, near-field nano-printing based on meta-unit amplitude modulation is achieved for X-polarized incident light, while holographic imaging based on meta-unit phase modulation is realized for circularly polarized light. In the crystalline state, the encrypted information remains secure even with the correct polarization input, achieving double encryption. This research points towards ultra-compact, high-capacity, and highly secure information storage approaches.
Evaluating adherence to government recommendations for post-exposure rabies vaccine among animal-bite victims: A hospital-based study in Bangladesh
Authors: Tamanna Sadia , Yasmin Dilruba , Ghosh Sumon , Mujibur Rahaman M. , Dey Amit Kumar , Das Tushar Kumar , Chowdhury Sukanta
Published: November 2023

Rabies is a fatal but preventable zoonotic disease with an approximately 100% case fatality rate. The most common way to contract rabies is through the bite of a rabid animal. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) by vaccination and/or immunoglobulin therapy is the most effective measure for rabies prevention. The effectiveness of vaccination depends on the level of completion of vaccination. In Bangladesh, no previous studies were conducted to evaluate adherence to government recommendations for post-exposure rabies vaccine among animal-bite cases. We conducted a cross-sectional study to collect information about adherence to government recommendations for post-exposure rabies vaccine. A total of 457 animal bite victims were selected to collect data and follow up after one month of enrollment. The majority of participants (58%, n = 265, 95% CI: 53–63%) had a history of animal bites. Most of the participants (77%) were advised to receive three doses of vaccine and 100% of them completed 3—dose of vaccine. Among the 4—dose recommended group of participants (n = 105), 78% completed full vaccination. Of the 457 participants, 20% received post-exposure vaccine on the day of bite/scratch and the majority of the participants (66%, n = 303, 95% CI: 62–71%) received post-exposure vaccine on the day between the first and third day of bite or scratch. Increasing awareness of the importance of timely vaccination is the key to reducing the time gap between animal bites and intake of the first dose post-exposure vaccine.
An intravenous pancreatic cancer therapeutic: Characterization of CRISPR/Cas9n-modified Clostridium novyi-Non Toxic
Authors: Dailey Kaitlin M. , Small James M. , Pullan Jessica E. , Winfree Seth , Vance Krysten E. , Orr Megan , Mallik Sanku , Bayles Kenneth W. , Hollingsworth Michael A. , Brooks Amanda E.
Published: November 2023

Clostridium novyi has demonstrated selective efficacy against solid tumors largely due to the microenvironment contained within dense tumor cores. The core of a solid tumor is typically hypoxic, acidic, and necrotic—impeding the penetration of current therapeutics. C. novyi is attracted to the tumor microenvironment and once there, can both lyse and proliferate while simultaneously re-activating the suppressed immune system. C. novyi systemic toxicity is easily mitigated by knocking out the phage DNA plasmid encoded alpha toxin resulting in C. novyi-NT; but, after intravenous injection spores are quickly cleared by phagocytosis before accomplishing significant tumor localization. C. novyi-NT could be designed to accomplish intravenous delivery with the potential to target all solid tumors and their metastases in a single dose. This study characterizes CRISPR/Cas9 modified C. novyi-NT to insert the gene for RGD, a tumor targeting peptide, expressed within the promoter region of a spore coat protein. Expression of the RGD peptide on the outer spore coat of C. novyi-NT indicates an increased capacity for tumor localization of C. novyi upon intravenous introduction based on the natural binding of RGD with the αvβ3 integrin commonly overexpressed on the epithelial tissue surrounding a tumor, and lead to immune stimulation.
Characterization of patients receiving surgical versus non-surgical treatment for infective endocarditis in West Virginia
Authors: Bhandari Ruchi , Abdulhay Noor , Alexander Talia , Rubenstein Jessica , Meyer Andrew , Annie Frank H. , Kaleem Umar , Wiener R. Constance , Sedney Cara , Thompson Ellen , Irfan Affan
Published: November 2023

Background

Infective endocarditis (IE) has increased in rural states such as West Virginia (WV) with high injection drug use. IE is medically managed with antimicrobial treatment alone or combined with surgical treatment. This study aimed to characterize the predictors associated with surgical treatment and rates of inpatient mortality and readmission among IE patients in WV’s rural centers.

Methods

This retrospective review of electronic health records includes all adults hospitalized for IE at major rural tertiary cardiovascular centers in WV during 2014–2018. Descriptive statistics were presented on demographics, history of injection drug use, clinical characteristics, and hospital utilization by surgery status, and multivariable logistic regression examined the association of surgery with key predictor variables, generating odds ratios (OR).

Results

Of the 780 patients with IE, 38% had surgery, with a 26-fold increase in patients undergoing surgery between 2014–2018. Comparing surgery and non-surgery patients revealed significant differences. Surgery patients were significantly younger (median age 35.6 vs. 40.5 years; p<0.001); had higher rates of drug use history (80% vs. 65%; p<0.001), psychiatric disorders (57% vs. 31%; p<0.001), and readmissions (18% vs.12%; p = 0.015). Surgery patients had lower rates of discharge against medical advice (11% vs.17%; p = 0.028) and in-hospital mortality (5% vs.12%; p<0.001). In the multivariable logistic regression, surgery was associated with injection drug use (OR: 1.9; 95% CI:1.09–3. 3), indications for surgery (OR: 1.68; 95% CI:1.48–1.91), left-sided IE (OR: 2.14; 95%CI:1.43–3.19) and later years (OR:3.75; 95%CI:2.5–5.72).

Conclusion

This study characterizes the predictors associated with surgical treatment and rates of inpatient mortality and readmission among IE patients across rural WV. The decision to perform cardiac surgery on IE patients is complex. Results with increased injection drug use-associated IE emphasize the importance of comprehensive care by a multidisciplinary team for optimal management of patients with IE.
A computational analysis of Telegram’s narrative affordances
Authors: Willaert Tom
Published: November 2023

This paper offers an empirical investigation of the narrative profiles afforded by public, one-way messaging channels on Telegram. We define these narrative profiles in terms of the contribution of messages to a thread of narrative continuity, and test the double hypothesis that 1) Telegram channels afford diverse narrative profiles, corresponding with distinct vernacular uses of the platform’s features, and that 2) networks of Telegram channels sampled from thematically distinct seed channels lean towards distinct profiles. To this end, we analyse the textual contents of 2,724,187 messages from 492 public messaging channels spanning five thematic networks. Our computational method builds up the narrative profiles by scrolling down channels and classifying each message according to its narrative fit with the surrounding messages. We thus find that Telegram channels afford several distinct storytelling profiles, which tend to defy traditional notions of narrative coherence. We furthermore observe correspondences between the thematic orientations of channels and their narrative profiles, with a preference for disparate profiles in channels pertaining to conspiracy theories and far-right counterculture, a preference for coherent profiles in channels pertaining to cryptocurrencies, and mixed types in channels pertaining to disinformation about the war in Ukraine. These empirical observations thus inform our further theorization on how platform features allow users to construct and shape narratives online.
Determination of progressive stages of type 2 diabetes in a 45% high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse model is achieved by utilizing both fasting blood glucose levels and a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test
Authors: Nguyen-Phuong Thuy , Seo Sol , Cho Beum-Keun , Lee Jung-Ho , Jang Jiyun , Park Chung-Gyu
Published: November 2023

Type 2 diabetes is considered one of the top ten life-threatening diseases worldwide. Following economic growth, obesity and metabolic syndrome became the most common risk factor for type 2 diabetes. In this regard, high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse model is widely used for type 2 diabetes pathogenesis and novel therapeutics development. However, criteria for classifying type 2 diabetes progressive stages in this mouse model are yet to be determined, led to the difficulty in experimental end-point decision. In this study, we fed C57BL/6J male mice with 45% high-fat diet, which is physiologically close to human high-fat consumption, and evaluated the progression of type 2 diabetes. After consuming high-fat diet for 4 weeks, mice developed metabolic syndrome, including obesity, significant increase of fasting plasma cholesterol level, elevation of both C-peptide and fasting blood glucose levels. By combining both fasting blood glucose test and 2-hour-oral glucose tolerance test, our results illustrated clear progressive stages from metabolic syndrome into pre-diabetes before onset of type 2 diabetes in C57BL/6J mice given a 45% high-fat diet. Besides, among metabolic measurements, accumulating body weight gain > 16.23 g for 12 weeks could be utilized as a potential parameter to predict type 2 diabetes development in C57BL/6J mice. Thus, these results might support future investigations in term of selecting appropriate disease stage in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse model for studying early prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Irish surface water response to the 2018 drought
Authors: Smith Devin F. , Lyons W. Berry , Henry Tiernan , Flynn Raymond , Carey Anne E.
Published: November 2023

Intense weather events are projected to increase as a consequence of climate change. The summer 2018 drought in Europe impacted human health, ecosystems, and economic prosperity. Even locations with an abundance of fresh water, like Ireland, faced water restrictions due to depleted supplies. To characterize the effect of the 2018 drought on Irish rivers, we collected surface water samples from rivers across the island at the drought onset and termination. We analyzed samples for stable water isotopes δ18O and δ2H and calculated the fraction of evaporation from river groundwater and precipitation inflow (E/I) of rivers. We extended river δ18O and δ2H analysis to 2020 for rivers in two catchments, Corrib and Shannon, to investigate how Irish river systems respond to high precipitation events, and the role of loughs (lakes) in the system. River δ18O and δ2H values showed progressive depletion from west to east in response to precipitation depletion from airmasses arriving off the Atlantic Ocean. From onset to termination of the 2018 drought, river δ18O and δ2H values were enriched and the calculated E/I value increased for most rivers. D-excess were negatively correlated with E/I value, providing support for E/I calculations. Extended analysis of loughs along the Corrib and Shannon river systems showed that lough Corrib consistently induced isotopic enrichment, while loughs in the Shannon catchment inconsistently caused isotopic enrichment. Both systems exert control over river isotopic composition in hydrologic extremes. Findings promote additional research in hydrologic patterns in response to increasing frequency of floods and droughts.
O depósito monetário tardo‑romano da Sepultura 6 da Casa dos esqueletos (Conimbriga, Portugal)
Authors: Ruivo José
Published: November 2023

Apresenta‑se um pequeno depósito monetário que acompanhava um enterramento descoberto em 1964 na Casa dos esqueletos (Conimbriga), composto por 58 moedas de bronze, maioritariamente da segunda metade do séc. IV d.C. É apresentado o conjunto e são tecidas diversas considerações a propósito do simbolismo da presença da moeda em contextos funerários tardo‑romanos.
A pizarra visigótica de Moradios (Malhada Sorda, Almeida) e o seu contributo para a discussão sobre a relevância deste sítio arqueológico na Alta Idade Média
Authors: Lopes Pereira André , Osório Marcos
Published: November 2023

Apresentamos a descoberta em território português de um fragmento de uma pizarra de texto, que aumenta o número de achados conhecidos e permite retirar diversas conclusões sobre a dispersão deste tipo de epígrafes, bem como refletir sobre a importância da estação arqueológica de Moradios, na época suevo‑visigótica. O conjunto de ruínas conhecidas e revistas neste texto permitem, agora, supor que este assentamento romano teve continuidade em época tardo romana e terá desempenhado provavelmente um papel de importância territorial no período suevo‑visigótico, algo que anteriormente se desconhecia. Tendo em conta a considerável extensão urbana e a natureza dos vestígios e materiais recolhidos, o local reúne condições para sede da paróquia de Coleia referida no Parochiale Suevorum, visto que é um dos maiores sítios com atestada ocupação dos séculos VI a VIII em toda a região do Alto Côa.
Os mundos do (sub) desenvolvimento: histórias do século xx
Authors: Jerónimo Miguel Bandeira
Published: November 2023

Reunindo um conjunto de autores de reconhecido mérito na área da história, mas dialogando com outras disciplinas, esta colectânea de textos de referência explora, de modo multifacetado e problematizador, a magna questão do “desenvolvimento” no século XX, partindo de várias geografias e manifestações, de múltiplos problemas e de perspectivas e propostas de análise diversas. Compreender as histórias plurais do desenvolvimento não é apenas entender, de modo mais específico, os seus discursos e práticas, invocações e usos, motivações e consequências. É, também, perceber o modo essas histórias se cruzaram com outras histórias – da auto-determinação e da descolonização, dos direitos humanos e ambientalismo, da “guerra fria” e da globalização –, criando, deste modo, condições para interrogar o mundo contemporâneo, e o século XX em particular, de um modo mais aprofundado e elaborado. Na sua riqueza e diversidade, este conjunto de textos mostra como e porquê.
Bombardier Blood (2020): Un documental más allá de la enfermedad
Authors: Cevallos-Solorzano Gabriela , Maldonado-León María Del Cisne , Cueva-Quinde Ana Belén , Bailón-Moscoso Natalia
Published: November 2023

Si bien la hemofilia era conocida como una enfermedad que perturbaba solo a las familias reales de Europa, actualmente afecta a uno de cada 5.000 y a uno de cada 30.000 varones recién nacidos vivos tanto para la de Tipo A como B, respectivamente. La hemofilia es un trastorno de la coagulación sanguínea que afecta principalmente a varones por su carácter de herencia recesiva ligada al X, siendo su manifestación principal las hemorragias que pueden llegar a ser mortales si no son tratadas correctamente. En Bombardier Blood (2020) de Patrick James Lynch, un documental enfocado al recorrido de Chris Bombardier, una persona hemofílica cuyo sueño es escalar las siete cumbres más altas del mundo, incluyendo en su paso el monte Everest en el Himalaya. El documental además de destacar los aspectos médicos sobre esta enfermedad hace ver los diferentes estilos de vida de acuerdo a su localización, las normativas y sistemas de salud que los rige y como esto incide en el diagnóstico, seguimiento y tratamiento.
La soledad en el cine a propósito de Lost in translation (2003) y Her (2013)
Authors: Ortega-Lozano Ramón , Astobiza-Monasterio Aníbal , Salinas-Pérez Virginia
Published: November 2023

Este artículo analiza el concepto de soledad a través de un enfoque narrativo. Para ello se comparan las películas Lost in Translation de Sofía Coppola y Her de Spike Jonze. En ambas historias es posible apreciar a personajes acosados por la soledad. Este trabajo se apoya, por un lado, en la teoría de Robert Weiss sobre la soledad y, por otro lado, en la metodología empleada por Donio-Bellgade et al. quienes diseñaron una serie de categorías de soledad para analizar películas. En este estudio se han empleado las siguientes: 1) elección de la vida en solitario por decisión propia, 2) sentirse solo viviendo acompañado, 3) falta de apoyo social y 4) depresión e ideas suicidas. A partir de estas categorías de la soledad se analiza lo que sucede a los protagonistas de los dos filmes.
«Los Comedores de Patatas» de Vincent van Gogh, ejemplo visual de las carencias vitales durante la Revolución Industrial en Europa
Authors: Sánchez-Fernández Luis V. , Suárez-Cienfuegos M. Isabel , Cobo-Barquín Juan C. , García-Fernández Javier , Neri-Vela Rolando
Published: November 2023

El cuadro al óleo de Vincent van Gogh Los comedores de patatas tiene una riqueza expresiva única. Representa a su vez una de las preocupaciones del pintor y que no era otra que las malas condiciones de vida de la gente que habitaba en la escala más baja de la sociedad: los agricultores y el proletariado. Estampa visual que nos sirve perfectamente para entender la dureza de estas personas condenadas a mantenerse en la miseria más absoluta por la escasez retributiva de los responsables políticos durante la fase de afianzamiento de la Revolución industrial alemana y extensible a toda Europa.
projeto capitalista
Authors: Bastos Deolindo Mariana
Published: November 2023

A crise do capitalismo contemporâneo tem sua natureza em duas instâncias: a lei marxiana da queda tendencial da taxa de lucro e o predomínio do capital portador de juros. Compreender esse fato, torna-se fundamental para avançarmos na análise do impacto significativo desta crise sobre a saúde pública universal no contexto brasileiro, e, para além, de como esta crise também recai sobre os sujeitos. Objetiva-se analisar e compreender a desuniversalização da saúde coletiva como resultado de um projeto sócio-político-econômico capitalista. Para tanto, foi realizada uma breve revisão bibliográfica dos artigos que abordam a interseção das áreas de Saúde Coletiva, Política e Economia. Identificou-se que essa busca pela ampliação do lucro se manifesta através da desuniversalização da saúde no âmbito do financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS – e por meio da tese de Sílvio Almeida também foi possível evidenciar a incidência e a negligência do Estado capitalista sobre sujeitos considerados não rentáveis para o capital.
Neofascismo(s) latino-americano(s) i – do fascismo ao neofascismo
Authors: Carnut Leonardo
Published: November 2023

Este artigo trata da (re)construção histórica desde o uso da categoria ‘fascismo’ e suas especificidades para pensar a América Latina até o uso da categoria ‘neofascismo’ e suas aplicações. Este artigo é a primeira parte de um tríptico que apresenta as fases do debate sobre o neofascismo na América Latina. Metodologicamente, optou-se por uma análise histórico-crítica da categoria por meio de uma compilação do debate encontrado por autores clássicos e contemporâneos que discutem o tema. Neste artigo em específico, três seções foram elaboradas. Uma primeira que trata do problema da categoria ‘fascismo’ e seu debate em contraponto ao neofascismo na região. Uma segunda que apresenta o debate latino-americano e as categorias centrais que precisam ser revistas para um debate sobre a realidade concreta da região. E, uma terceira, que trata da emergência do ‘neofascismo’ na tentativa de diferenciar-se do fascismo vivido nos anos de 1930. Por fim, considerações parciais foram levantadas.
Development of Screw-Based 3D Printing Machine and Process Experiments for Short Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Sangkharat Thanapat , Techawinyutham Laongdaw
Published: November 2023

3D printing is one of the flexible additive manufacturing (AM) processes that can be used to fabricate parts from various types of materials such as polymers, metal, and ceramic. 3D printing process is one of the famous techniques for printing the product from the filament causing material degradation. Granule-based 3D printing or screw-based material extrusion 3D printing is an alternative process that can create the parts from plastic or composite granule raw materials. However, there are limited use and study in the designation of granule-based 3D printing and process parameters including material temperature, heat bed temperature, nozzle size, and printing speed. These process parameters play a significant role in the properties of 3D printing parts. Some parameters cannot be adjusted in the commercial 3D printing process. Thus, the purposes of this study are to develop a screw-based material extrusion 3D printing machine that can freely adjust the process parameters and to investigate the effect of 3D printing parameters on the appearance and mechanical properties of printed parts. Pellets of neat acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and short glass fiber/ABS composites are used in the experiments. Six process parameters were studied, including % fiberglass, printing temperature, printing speed, nozzle size, % Infill, and heat bed temperature. Each parameter has 3 levels, which were designed by the Taguchi L18 method. The results were evaluated by the main effect plot method and showed that the printing speed, nozzle size, and %fiberglass are the top 3 parameters that affect tensile strength. The nozzle size, %infill, and %fiberglass are the top 3 parameters that affect Young’s modulus. The granule-based 3D printing machine was completely developed; however, the extruded plastic line from the nozzle was difficult to control resulting in poor product quality. Thus, the feedback control for controlling the screw-extruder speed and temperature will be developed in future work.
Assessing the Impact of Climate Risk Stresses on Life Insurance Portfolios
Authors: Dong Michelle , Bruhn Aaron , Shang Han Lin , Hui Francis
Published: November 2023

Understanding climate-related risks and stresses is an emerging area of interest for life insurers globally. However, there are complexities in quantifying climate risk stress impacts due to the long-term nature of these risks, and the interactions between physical and transition risks over time. In this paper, we build on understanding the financial impacts of climate risk stresses for life insurers in Australia, by identifying key climate-related mortality risks, and quantifying these by applying short- and long-term stresses from existing literature to two synthetic life insurers. We perform sensitivity tests to demonstrate the variability and range of plausible results. Overall, results show that the expected financial impacts from short-term events in isolation are small relative to expected long-term changes in mortality. Furthermore, the value of a mortality hedge is even more apparent given the increased mortality risk for yearly renewable-term insurers in the short to medium term.
Evaluating early pandemic response through length-of-stay analysis of case logs and epidemiological modeling: A case study of Singapore in early 2020
Authors: Sreevalsan-Nair Jaya , Mubayi Anuj , Chhabra Janvi , Vangimalla Reddy Rani , Ghogale Pritesh Rajesh
Published: November 2023

It is now known that early government interventions in pandemic management helps in slowing down the pandemic in the initial phase, during which a conservative basic reproduction number can be maintained. There have been several ways to evaluate these early response strategies for COVID-19 during its outbreak globally in 2020. As a novelty, we evaluate them through the lens of patient recovery logistics. Here, we use a data-driven approach of recovery analysis in a case study of Singapore during January 22–April 01, 2020, which is effectively the analysis of length-of-stay in the government healthcare facility, National Center for Infectious Diseases. We propose the use of a data-driven method involving periodization, statistical analysis, regression models, and epidemiological models. We demonstrate that the estimates of reproduction number in Singapore shows variation in different age groups and periods, indicating the success of early intervention strategy in the initial transmission stages of the pandemic.
Generalized Hausdorff operator on Bergmann spaces
Authors: Perumal Sasikala , Kamalakkannan Kalaivani
Published: November 2023

In this article, we considered the generalized Hausdorff operator

ℋ

μ
,
ϕ
,
a

{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }}}_{\mu ,\phi ,a}

on Bergmann space and determined the conditions on

ϕ

\phi

and

a

a

so that the operator is bounded. In addition, we studied the action of the Hausdorff operator on the truncated domain to estimate norm

ℋ

μ
,
ϕ
,
a

{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }}}_{\mu ,\phi ,a}

and established a relation with quasi-Hausdorff operator on Bergmann space.