bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linguo-Culturological Analysis of the German Phraseological Units with the Core Component “BIER”
Authors: Danilova Victoria Anatolievna
Published: November 2020

The research objective is as follows: relying on the linguo-culturological approach, the author tries to reconstruct a fragment of the German verbal and cogitative worldview represented by phraseological units with the nominal core component “BIER”. Scientific novelty of the research lies in choosing little-studied phraseological material, including archaic idioms related to the thematic field “Brewing and Beer Drinking in Germany”, and in conducting their linguo-cultural analysis. As a result, phraseological units with the core component “BIER”, implementing principle concepts of beer as a sociocultural phenomenon within the German linguistic worldview, are identified, organised and described.
Specificity of Verbal Manifestation of Memory Processes in Political Discourse (by the Material of the English Language)
Authors: Iskhakova Rita Fanisovna
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to reveal specificity of semantics of verbs nominating memory processes in political discourse. The research material includes fragments of speeches delivered by the British high-ranking politicians over the last 30 years. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher shows how the speaker’s intentions determine their choice of verbs nominating memory processes and proves that the memory verbs the speaker chooses correlate with the type of memory (individual, national, cultural) he refers to. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies specificity of verbal manifestation of different memory types and describes differences in semantics of verbs representing individual, national and cultural memory.
General Negative Sentences with Adverbial Negation in the English Language
Authors: Fayruzova Angela Rasulevna , Yakhibbaeva Larisa Mukhamedovna
Published: November 2020

The research objective includes identifying structural-semantic models of general negative sentences in the English language. The authors examine the category of adverbial negation, analyse the structure of a general negative sentence and reveal sentential meaning of its elements, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. The conducted research allows concluding that general negative sentences can express direct negation (action itself is completely negated) and shifted negation (negation does not affect the verb but is shifted to adjacent words). Adverbial negation can affect a wide range of the sentence elements: the verb itself and a group of adjacent words.
Borrowings in the Modern Spanish Language through the Prism of Linguistic Purism
Authors: Belonozhko Nadezhda Dmitriyevna
Published: November 2020

The research objectives are as follows: to reveal attitude of the Spanish language bearers to foreign borrowings, to identify the basic groups of lexical units perceived as “contaminations”. The author presents results of a research conducted in a language school in Spain where she taught Russian as a foreign language. The students’ survey covered the following issues: personal attitude to the problem of borrowing, the level of psychological comfort when dealing with foreign words, understanding sources and motives of borrowing. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher describes native speakers’ attitude to foreign borrowings (recognition of personal responsibility for purity of the language, awareness of the tendency for Anglicization of speech) and compiles a list of the borrowings perceived as “contaminations” in native speakers’ consciousness. The research findings are as follows: analysing the students’ survey results, the author identifies semantic affiliation of borrowings, their level of assimilation, importance from the viewpoint of the language enrichment (existence of the Spanish equivalent). The students’ attitude on the issue of native speakers’ personal responsibility for purity of the language is revealed, individual peculiarities of perceiving borrowed words are considered.
Structural Models of the Latin Anatomical Terms
Authors: Volkova Marina Gennadievna , Vasilyeva Svetlana Leonidovna , Abramova Anastasiya Anatolyevna
Published: November 2020

The article provides a systemic analysis of the Latin anatomical terminology. The research objectives are as follows: to identify the existing structural models of the borrowed Latin terms used in modern medical science and to present their typological description. Scientific originality of the study is conditioned by the fact that the authors propose a systemic approach to describing the Latin anatomical terminology and also by the fact that the researchers for the first time identify structural typology of the Latin anatomical terms and determine their quantitative correlation. The conducted research allows concluding that Latin has a developed system of term formation. One- , two- and three-component models prevail, but when a detailed description is required, four-, five-, six- and even seven-component models can be used.
Intertextuality in the French-Language Social Advertisement
Authors: Dediurina Ekaterina Iurievna
Published: November 2020

The article considers the problem of intertextuality in the French-language social advertisement. The research objectives are as follows: to reveal specificity of intertextual relations and to identify the means realizing intertextuality in the French-language social advertisement. Sources of intertextual inclusions in the French-language social advertisement are revealed and purposes of such inclusions are considered. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author for the first time examines the pragmatic potential of intertextuality by the material of the French-language social advertisement. The research findings are as follows: the author proves that intertextuality possesses a high pragmatic potential and increases persuasive effect of an advertising text.
Lexical Means of Expressing Subjective Modality in the Spanish Language
Authors: Palii Yuliia Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

The study aims to determine peculiarities of using lexical means of expressing subjective modality in the novel “Niebla” by Miguel de Unamuno. The article is devoted to studying the functioning of lexical means of expressing subjective modality in the Spanish language. Various approaches to interpretation of the “modality” notion are considered. The use of the adverbs ‘tal vez’ and ‘acaso’ as modal operators for expressing subjective modality in the novel “Niebla” is analysed. Scientific novelty of the study lies in analysing different subjective-modal meanings conveyed by the adverbs ‘tal vez’ and ‘acaso’ using the novel “Niebla” as an example. As a result, it is proved that modal adverbs convey a whole range of speculative meanings in the Spanish language.
Lexicography of South African English as an Important Trend in Modern Lexicography
Authors: Devel Liudmila Alexandrovna
Published: November 2020

The main purpose of the study is to describe dictionaries of South African English (SAE), the use of which is extremely important for both native speakers of this variant of English and people studying it. It is emphasised that a language variant requires as much careful lexicographic fixation as a separate language. Scientific novelty of the research lies in determining the range of lexicographic sources that represent SAE and analysing their micro- and macrostructure. As a result, the study has revealed the role that SAE dictionaries play in organisation of cross-cultural communication and outlined a prospect of further lexicographical work, which involves compilation and practical evaluation of dictionaries for the English-Russian language pair.
Face-Threatening Speech Acts in Academic Discourse (Split-Level Communication)
Authors: Zabolotneva Oxana Leonidovna , Kozhukhova Irina Vladimirovna
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to describe productive models of face-threatening speech acts in split-level academic communication. The authors analyse speech acts with different levels of threats to a speaker’s positive face: invitation, request (with different degrees of imposition) and proposal. Special attention is paid to analysing the speech act “advice” functioning in institutional communication. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researchers analyse the use of face-threatening speech acts in split-level academic communication within the framework of the discursive approach. The research findings are as follows: the basic pragmatic characteristics of speech acts under study are identified.
W. Stevens’s Poetry in the Aspect of Space (by the Example of Analysing the Russian Translations of the Poem “Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird”)
Authors: Miklukho Yuliya Yuryevna
Published: November 2020

The study aims to determine the degree to which translations of W. Stevens’s poem “Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird” are consistent with the author’s concept. The study is novel in that it attempts to reconstruct an objective picture of how the work was introduced into the Russian literary use, which contributes to the process of interpreting the American poet’s ground-breaking literary heritage, facilitates popularization of this unique creative phenomenon in Russia. As a result, it is proved that W. Stevens remains a stand-alone figure in the Russian literary process requiring further consideration and exploration, which is supported by the lack of comprehensive studies and the number of the Russian literary translations being low.
Linguo-Culturological Component of the Chinese Commercial Vocabulary
Authors: Ocheredko Yuliya Vladimirovna , Kalikova Anna Mikhailovna
Published: November 2020

The research objective is to identify linguo-cultural peculiarities of commercial vocabulary in the Chinese language. The article provides a semantic analysis of the Chinese lexeme “trade”, reveals the expressive potential of the modern phraseological units, proverbs and paroemias constituting the basis of the Chinese-language business communication. Scientific originality of the paper involves the linguo-cultural approach to studying the lexical and phraseological units used in the sphere of commerce. The research findings are as follows: the authors show that a seller’s speech is characterized by market orientation, which manifests itself in the choice of stable expressions.
Basic Characteristics of Review as Academic Discourse Genre (by the Material of Reviews on Theses and Author’s Abstracts)
Authors: Petrenko Yulya Andreevna
Published: November 2020

The research objective includes identifying genre-formative features of review as a special type of secondary academic text. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that the researcher reveals constitutive features of the review genre by the material of reviews on theses and author’s abstracts, which allows highlighting peculiarities of this academic discourse genre. The findings indicate that a review text has a two-level structure and includes the following components: research summary and review of research material. Evaluation representation in a review text is determined by institutional discourse parameters, and evaluative means are most clearly represented at lexical and syntactic levels.
Signs Indicating Effectiveness of Professional Speech of Teachers Suffering Consequences of Burnout
Authors: Shipilova Kristina Vitalyevna
Published: November 2020

The research aims to identify a set of signs indicating effectiveness of professional speech of teachers suffering consequences of burnout. Scientific novelty of the work lies in developing a model for psycholinguistic study of professional pedagogical speech functioning under the conditions of chronic stress. The acquired knowledge adds greatly to the conceptual basis of A. A. Leontiev’s theory of speech activity. As a result, previously unexplored factors influencing effectiveness of professional speech were studied. An original set of signs indicating effectiveness of a teacher’s verbal messages, adequate for an analysis of pedagogical communication under the influence of negative extralinguistic factors, was proposed.
Background of the Problem of Translating S. Freud’s Works into Russian
Authors: Belyakov Dmitry Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2020

The article considers the problem of translating the Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud’s works into Russian. The purpose of the paper is to identify and conceptually generalize prerequisites of the problematic path of psychoanalysis to the Russian-speaking readers. For the first time in the Russian humanities, an attempt is made to comprehensively study the problem - both in intra- and non-linguistic aspects. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion about legitimacy of highlighting the editorial, financial, stylistic, terminological, ethical and political-ideological levels of the phenomenon under study.
Religious Motifs of N. V. Gogol’s Creative Work in D. S. Merezhkovsky’s Understanding
Authors: Song Yinnan
Published: November 2020

The study aims to determine specific nature of D. S. Merezhkovsky’s understanding of religious motifs in N. V. Gogol’s works. The article examines Merezhkovsky’s work “Gogol. Creative Work, Life and Religion”. Scientific novelty of the research lies in describing Merezhkovsky’s interpretation of Gogol’s Christian beliefs reflected in his creative work and way of life. The research findings have shown that Merezhkovsky, having extrapolated his own ideas about Christianity to Gogol’s theological views, found intuitive feel for universal Christianity in his creative work and, for this reason, did not accept Gogol’s decision to leave literature, having considered it as blasphemy of the Holy Spirit, which led Gogol to self-destruction, responsibility for which the critic placed upon the Church.
Specificity of Translating Higher Education Terminology (by the Material of the English, Chinese and Russian Languages)
Authors: Kovaleva Olga Nikolaevna , Bai Anastasiya Evgenievna
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to reveal specificity of translating the English, Chinese and Russian higher education terms taking into account the cognitive aspect. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the authors examine the cognitive aspect of translation of higher education terms designating scientific positions, scientific degrees and academic ranks in three unrelated languages (English, Chinese and Russian) for the first time. The research findings are as follows: the authors reveal conceptual content of the English, Chinese and Russian higher education terms, identify peculiarities of their translation taking into account essential characteristics of a nominated object, compile a trilingual glossary of higher education terminology.
Deformation as Strategy to Translate Movie Titles: Case Study of the English-Russian and English-Chinese Translations
Authors: Sun Minqing
Published: November 2020

The article considers deformation as a strategy to translate movie titles. The paper aims to reveal causes and specificity of deformations in movie title translation. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher provides a quantitative and comparative-contrastive analysis of strategies to translate movie titles by the material of the English-Russian and English-Chinese translations, examines causes of deformations taking into account specificity of source-language and target-language texts, linguo-cultural factors influencing translation activity. The research findings are as follows: the author introduces a classification of translation deformations, identifies similarities and differences in the choice of translation deformation when translating movie titles from English into Russian and Chinese, and clarifies causes of translation deformations.
Two Minor Inscriptions on the Facade of Pisa Cathedral (Duomo di Pisa): Reinterpretation of Epigraphic Monuments
Authors: Valkov Dmitry Vadimovich
Published: November 2020

The article introduces a new interpretation of inscriptions on Pisa Cathedral facade. The author’s interpretation differs from commonly adopted interpretations developed by the West European researchers in special source study works and in general works on art history. The paper presents results of studying minor inscriptions on Pisa Cathedral facade, basically associated with the spacious necropolis apud Domum, which existed till the XIV century. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in domestic medieval studies, the author introduces two minor inscriptions of the XII century (an element of Pisa Cathedral epigraphy) into scientific circulation, which are important both for understanding the epigraphic tradition development in the Northern Apennine region in the XIII-XV centuries, as well as for understanding political discourse and, more generally, ideology of urban communities and instruments of its realization. The research findings are as follows: the author introduces a new interpretation of a certain element of Lanberti’s epitaph, proposes a new interpretation of decorative composition with an anthropomorphic figure, reconsiders general value of this epigraphic monument, examines the place of the analysed monuments in the epigraphic tradition of the Northern Apennine region, identifies their historical value.
Questionnaires of Participants of the First Cultural-National Meeting of 1926 as Sources on History of the Buryat Language
Authors: Vanchikova Tsymzhit Purbuevna , Rinchinova Oyuna Sanzhimitupovna , Ayusheeva Marina Vasil’evna
Published: November 2020

The research objectives are as follows: to reveal the motives the participants of the first Cultural-National Meeting of 1926 were guided by when adopting a course towards the all-Mongolian cultural community (the decision that determined further development of the Buryat language), to present a sociocultural portrait of the Buryat intelligentsia. The authors analyse the participants’ questionnaires paying special attention to personal information (occupation, social origin, educational level, language competence), which constitutes scientific originality of the study. The research findings are as follows: relying on the conducted analysis, the authors identify the role of the first Cultural-National Meeting in the process of the Buryat people’s self-identification, consider the participants’ motives for choosing the written Mongolian language as a basic dialect of the newly created Republic.
Modern State of the Mordva Song Tradition (on the Basis of Musical-Ethnographic Expeditions Materials)
Authors: Isaeva Svetlana Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2020

The paper analyses materials of musical-ethnographic expeditions conducted by the Folk Music Department of the National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University in the Republic of Mordovia in 2016-2020. Scientific originality of the study is conditioned by the fact that the author reveals new aspects of the problem and introduces new practical materials of musical-ethnographic expeditions into scientific circulation. The conducted research allows concluding on prevalence of folklore secondary forms and secondary vocal ensembles that maintain local song traditions and singing styles. The expeditions discovered villages where countrymen preserve bourdon heterophonic singing, which determines specificity of the Mordva song tradition.
Utopian Doctrines in Medieval Islamic Philosophy
Authors: Sulimov Stanislav Igorevich , Tregubova Dinara Dmitrievna , Cherenkov Roman Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to trace the origins of the Islamic utopian philosophy, in particular, the Muslim doctrine of an ideal state. The authors examine utopian social-philosophical doctrines developed in the Arab East in the Middle Ages. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researchers trace continuity of three doctrines: the doctrine of autonomy of mind by Abu Yusuf Al-Kindi, the conception of Virtuous City by Abu Nasr Al-Farabi and the doctrine by Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali on improvement of social and personal morality through cognition of good. The conducted research allows concluding that the medieval Islamic utopian thought, which had originated as a commentary on the ancient classics (Plato and Aristotle), acquired its own epistemology in Al-Kindi’s works and created original social-philosophical doctrines.
Soviet Legislation on Religion in the Context of State-Church Relations (1917-1943)
Authors: Tabunshchikova Lyudmila Viktorovna
Published: November 2020

Relying on an analysis of the Soviet legislation on religion, the paper traces evolution of state-church relations in 1917-1943. The author proposes a periodization of the Soviet policy towards religion, describes its stages. The basic legal acts of the Soviet power are analysed, special attention is paid to the Decree on Separation of the Church from the State (1918) and resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People’s Commissars of the RSFSR of April, 8, 1929, which became a landmark in development of state-church relations. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive analysis of the normative-legal base of the Soviet state in the mentioned period. The research findings are as follows: the author proves that in the period under discussion, forms and methods of struggle against religion varied, but the main objective - complete eradication of religion - was not achieved.
From “Everyday Life” to “Everyday Religion”: “Lived Religion” Notion
Authors: Trubina Elena Germanovna , Saeed Saeed
Published: November 2020

The research objectives are as follows: to reveal conceptual logic of scientific works on everyday religion and to identify importance of the “lived religion” notion for philosophy of religion and religious studies. Interrelation of everyday life and everyday religion is revealed. The authors propose a thesis that studying “lived religion” enriches understanding of religion making it possible to go beyond the framework of abstract theological and philosophical-religious conceptions, wherein lies scientific originality of the study. The research findings are as follows: the authors identify three aspects of interpreting everyday religion, which are associated with the “lived religion” concept.
The Russian History through the Eyes of the Swedish Archaeologist T. J. Arne and His Russian Followers
Authors: Fomin Vyacheslav Vasil᾽evich
Published: November 2020

The paper tries to show how archaeologists contributed to forming the scientific phantoms “Skandoslavia”, “East European Normandy” and “Normandy” used to substitute the notions “Rus”, “Kievan Rus”, “Old Russian State” and thereby to justify the Norman theory. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in domestic historical science, the researcher proposes a thesis that the Russian archaeologists’ views on the Russian history of the IX-X centuries were largely based on their Scandinavian colleagues’ conceptions, in particular, T. J. Arne, the founder of the “Normanist” theory. The research findings are as follows: the author proves that non-autonomy of domestic archaeological science, its self-proclaimed monopoly on truth as far as the Varangian question is concerned lead to fundamental misconceptions, which seriously distort our past and affect our historical and national consciousness.
Counterpropaganda of Confessional Religious Education in the Bashkir ASSR in the First Years of the Soviet Power (1918-1929)
Authors: Nadyrshin Timur Maratovich
Published: November 2020

The article focuses on problems of confessional religious education in the Bashkir ASSR in 1918-1929. The research objective includes identifying the “atheistic socialization” technique applied by the local power bodies against the background of destruction of confessional religious education. Scientific originality of the paper involves a rhetorical analysis of documents against religious education adopted in the Bashkir ASSR. The study is based on archival materials and published documents. The conducted research allows concluding that the population, especially the clergy, couldn’t accept liquidation of religious education, and the party bodies had to take this fact into account.
Combat Tasks of the 2nd Guards Night Bomber Aviation Division during the Crimean Offensive Operation of 1944
Authors: Skorobogatov Sergey Borisovich
Published: November 2020

The research objectives are as follows: to identify and systematize types of night bombers combat tasks during the Crimean Offensive Operation (April 8 - May 12, 1944). The article provides examples of combat tasks of the 2nd Guards Night Bomber Aviation Division of the 8th Air Army. The author describes types of combat tasks, staff and dislocation of regiments, reconstructs details of the Crimean Offensive Operation, in which the 2nd Guards Night Bomber Aviation Division participated, wherein lies scientific originality of the study. The research findings are as follows: the author reveals contribution of this combat unit to liberation of the Crimean Peninsula from the German-fascist invaders.
Aesthetic Evaluation in Architectural Education
Authors: Lapshina Valentina Semyonovna
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to justify reasonability of using the aesthetic evaluation procedure in architectural education. The article considers the process of aesthetic cognition of architecture within the course “Aesthetics of Architecture and Design”, emphasizes the necessity to acquire practical experience represented as aesthetic conceptions. Scientific originality of the study involves developing a technique to assimilate architectural environment - aesthetic description of an architectural object. The conducted research allows concluding that the suggested technique helps to consolidate theoretical knowledge in the sphere of aesthetics and promotes harmonious development of a student-architect as an artist and creator broadening their theoretical-cognitive and ideological horizons.
Russia’s Place within the Dichotomy “West - East” and Its Historical Mission in N. F. Fyodorov’s Philosophy
Authors: Fakhrudinova Elmira Restemovna , Suvorov Valery Vladimirovich
Published: November 2020

The article reveals the outstanding Russian philosopher N. F. Fyodorov’s views on the following issues: Russia’s historical mission, its place within the dichotomy “West - East” and the central authorities’ role in strengthening the Russian statehood. The paper shows that the thinker considered Russia, which, to his opinion, was neither West nor East, as a reconciler of the opposites. In this context, adopting the geopolitical conception of “continental” and “oceanic” worlds, Fyodorov emphasized importance of the railway construction process that unfolded in Russia at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries and was aimed to connect western and eastern areas of the country. Scientific originality of the study involves analysing N. F. Fyodorov’s geopolitical and civilizational conceptions. The research findings are as follows: the authors show that despite antagonism between West and East, N. F. Fyodorov considered their rapprochement through mediation of Russia, which was chosen for this mission due to its cultural, socio-political, geographical and infrastructural peculiarities. Highly appreciating autocracy role in the Russian history and having generally positive perception of Nicholas’s II activity, N. F. Fyodorov proposed his own railway construction projects criticizing the state-run ones.
Comprehension of Russia’s Civilizational Identity and Its Development Vectors in Classical Eurasianists’ Philosophy and A. S. Panarin’s and B. S. Yerasov’s Academic Neo-Eurasianism
Authors: Isaeva Oksana Sergeevna
Published: November 2020

The study aims to provide an insight and compare understanding of Russia’s specific character as an integrated Eurasian civilisation displayed by classical Eurasianism and A. S. Panarin’s and B. S. Yerasov’s neo-Eurasianism. The focus of attention is classical Eurasianists’ and their successors’ ideas about Russia-Eurasia being a separate world combining cultural features of the Eastern and Western worlds and forming a single unique Eurasian civilisation. Scientific novelty of the conducted research lies in taking a comprehensive approach to the issue of Russia being considered as a single Eurasian civilisation in philosophy of classical Eurasianism and neo-Eurasianism. As a result, fundamental concepts of Russia as an integrated civilizational entity, shared by both classical Eurasianists and academic neo-Eurasianists, are identified.
Organization of Social Services and Living Space under Social-Economic Transformations of the 1960-1980s (by the Example of the Lower Don Countryside)
Authors: Kravchenko Nataliya Nikolaevna
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to reveal specificity of social sphere development in the countryside in the 1960-1980s by the example of the Lower Don region. Relying on previously unpublished sources, the author explores the social aspect of everyday life of the Lower Don region residents in the late Soviet period, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. The conducted research allows concluding that development of social services in the rural areas of the Lower Don region was in tune with the general tendency for the growth of the service sector, but some of the services were unrequired in the rural community or insufficiently developed. The following basic tendencies are identified: improvement of the people’s living conditions and erosion of their traditional lifestyle.
Anaximander of Miletus as “Father of Metaphysics”
Authors: Romashchenko Alexander Alexandrovich , Romashchenko Maria Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2020

Analysing Anaximander’s philosophy, the authors try to identify origins of classical metaphysics. The article highlights specificity of philosophical thinking as an activity focused on studying essential issues, which allows offering a new interpretation thus promoting further development of philosophical science. The researchers consider formation of an integrated conceptual field of modern philosophical thinking on the basis of actualization of historical and philosophical material, which constitutes scientific originality of the paper. The research findings are as follows: the authors reveal specificity of philosophical thinking as an activity focused on studying essential issues with a view to develop modern problematics.
Siruz Mirzazade’s Creative Work in the Context of Decorativeness and National Symbolics
Authors: Valiyeva Naiba Huseyn gizi
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to describe multi-faceted creativity of the People’s Artist of Azerbaijan, Professor Siruz Mirzazade, who created both monumental and easel paintings. For the first time the researcher analyses the painter’s creative work in the context of national symbolics, reveals his contribution to development of the modern Azerbaijani visual art, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. The conducted research allows identifying typical features of Siruz Mirzazade’s style - decorativeness, associativity, symbolism; for the first time the researcher proposes a periodization of the painter’s creative activity, identifies his contribution to modern art development in the context of artistic tradition continuity.
Anti-Corruption Policy in the Russian Empire in the First Half of the XIX Century
Authors: Martynenko Alexander Valentinovich , Mileshina Natalia Alexandrovna , Potapova Lyudmila Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2020

The paper aims to analyse development of anti-corruption legislation and to reveal specificity of anti-corruption policy realization in the Russian Empire in the first half of the XIX century - the period of reforms in the sphere of public administration and formation of “legitimate monarchy”. On the basis of a systemic analysis of historical sources, the authors reveal corruption-generating factors. Scientific originality of the study involves a new approach to the problem of actualization of historical experience in the sphere of combating corruption and formation of anti-corruption behaviour. The research findings are as follows: the authors identify the anti-corruption policies typical of imperial Russia, as well as the power mechanisms and practices relevant in the modern society.
Ethnocultural Interactions of Indigenous Peoples of the Russian Far East (Based on Folklore Data)
Authors: Fetisova Lidiya Evgenievna
Published: November 2020

The study aims to identify interethnic contacts that are represented in traditional folklore of indigenous peoples of the Russian Far East and influenced formation of the region’s cultural space. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author considers the issue of cultural interaction of indigenous ethnic groups in dynamic aspect, on the basis of folklore material. The article presents examples of oral lore, from creation myths to ancestral legends. Along with direct evidence of interethnic contacts, such indirect signs of another culture influence as folk heroes’ behaviour, specific realia of ethnographic context, etc. are analysed. The research findings have shown that the Tungus component of the regional folklore was especially productive.
Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Nile Soft-Shelled Turtle (Trionyx triunguis) Along the Mediterranean coast of Turkey
Authors: Güçlü Özgür , Bozdoğan Bülent
Published: November 2020

The Nile soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx triunguis) is distributed between Dalyan and Samandağ throughout the Mediterranean coast in Turkey. The Mediterranean subpopulation of the Nile soft-shelled turtle is listed as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List Categories. This investigation aimed to determinate levels of genetic variations and patterns of genetic structures among Mediterranean populations in Turkey by using T. triunguis-specific microsatellite primers. A total of 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci were studied among samples of 121 individuals collected from five populations in Turkey. Of 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci used, 3 new were identified in this study. The genetic differentiation among the 5 studied populations of T. triunguis was significant (p 0.001). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic variations occurred mainly within populations (89.7%) rather than among populations (10.3%). Structure analysis showed presence of two main groups among the Mediterranean T. triunguis populations. However genetic variations among populations were not correlated with geographic distance between the locations. Analysis of data showed that one of the populations (Dalyan) had undergone a bottleneck effect. Migration analysis indicates that T. triunguis migrates between five Mediterranean populations in Turkey. We concluded that based on our results the status of ‘critically endangered’ of T. triunguis should be maintained. Long term population genetic survey studies should be undertaken and changes in habitats of T. triunguis populations, as well as their population size and structure should be monitored for each population to be able to establish a clear strategy for protection of T. triunguis.
Red Blood Cell Morphology and Blood Biochemistry of Bufotes variabilis
Authors: Ulubeli Sevay Ayşe , Başkale Eyup , Kaska Yakup
Published: November 2020

To determine blood biochemistry and reassess and compare red blood cell morphology based on individuals’ gender, age and SVL (Snout-Vent Length), we studied 30 blood samples of Bufotes variabilis (15 males, 15 females) from Ornaz Valley, Denizli/Turkey. For age determination, bone samples were threated according to the skeletochronology procedure and a strong positive correlation between SVL and age structure (Pearson’s, n = 30, r2 = 0.937, p 0.001) was detected. Like all anurans, the shapes of the erythrocytes and their nuclei were ellipsoidal while their dimensions were bigger than expected when compared with those in the previous studies. Statistical evaluations of the red blood cells were made according to individuals’ gender, age and SVL and no significant differences were found amongst them. This is the first study about the blood biochemistry of B. variabilis which includes pH, blood gas, oximetry, electrolyte (potassium, sodium, calcium, chloride and bicarbonate ion concentrations) and metabolite [D-glucose and L(+)-lactate concentration] values. Biochemical data were statistically analysed according to gender, age and SVL to evaluate whether there are any relationships or differences between the studied individuals. Statistical analyses of the biochemical assessments showed that cCa values of females were significantly high (t-test: t = 2.30, df = 20, p 0.05), possibly due to the spawning period. The mean value of the individuals’ age was 7.77 ± 1.33 years with the mean SVL of 80.4 ± 1.2 mm. Pearson’s correlations of the biochemical data indicated a very significant relationship between cCl ion concentration and SVL as well as age. However, highly significant positive correlations were found between sO2 – pO2, FO2Hb – pO2, FO2Hb – sO2, FHHb – pCO2, cNa – pH, cNa – cK, cCa – cK, cCa – cNa, cHO3 – pCO2 and cLac – cGlu values while pO2 – pCO2, sO2 – pCO2, FHHb – pO2, FHHb – sO2, FHHb – FO2Hb, cK – pCO2 values showed a very significant negative correlation. These are the first biochemical data and evaluations about B. variabilis blood. In addition, according to the data obtained in our study, it is possible to say that age can be used as a substitute of SVL when it is not possible to procure the exact measurements of an individual for assessment.
Reproduction in an Introduced Population of Elaphe schrenckii (Strauch, 1873) in Eelde, the Netherlands
Authors: Struijk Richard R. J. H. , Ter Harmsel Rémon , Park Daesik
Published: November 2020

In 1994 an unknown number of captive bred Russian rat snakes, Elaphe schrenckii (Strauch, 1873) were introduced near Groningen Airport Eelde (Drenthe Province), the Netherlands. Research in 2016/2017 confirmed that the species has become established and is expanding slowly, as recent sightings are known at distances up to 5.3 km from the initial release site. Although the continuous presence over two decades and sightings of different life stages of E. schrenckii specimens indicate successful reproduction, no reproductive data existed. To gain more insight, we conducted field surveys between 2014 and 2016 to collect data on oviposition sites and reproduction. Eggs of E. schrenckii were encountered in three compost heaps. Twenty-two clutches were found in these heaps in total, comprising a total of 332 eggs. Additionally, 42 loose eggs were found, totaling the number of retrieved eggs to 374. Minimum clutch sizes range from 10 – 21 eggs and average 15.1 ± 3.2 eggs (N = 22). Total individual egg hatching rate is 87.8% (N = 271). Clutch hatching rate varied between 46.2% and 100% with a mean value of 86.7 ± 18.8% (N = 16). Our findings indicate the importance of compost heaps for this species regarding reproduction as suitable sites for oviposition within this non-native range. Also, fecundity does not seem to be negatively affected by conditions in its invasive range; clutch size is on the high side. Because hatching rates can be high, its reproduction does not seem to be a limiting factor for further expansion within Eelde and surroundings.
Eirenis thospitis Schmidtler et Lanza, 1990 (Reptilia: Colubridae): New to Iran
Authors: Asadi Atefeh , Salmanian Amin , Kaboli Mohammad
Published: November 2020

The dwarf snakes of the colubrine genus Eirenis comprises 24 species, in which 12 to 14 species are found in Iran. Eirenis thospitis has been described on the basis of specimens which had been collected in Turkey. We found an adult male of this species in Iran, near the Marmishoo River, and about 150 km from the type locality of this species. Our new record is the fifth record of Eirenis thospitis, and the first for Iran. The two recent records of the species in Iran and Iraq indicate that the species has a broader distribution between the three countries.
Cemeteries as (un)wanted heritage of previous communities. An example of changes in the management of cemeteries and their social perception in Gdańsk, Poland
Authors: Puzdrakiewicz Krystian
Published: November 2020

Cemeteries, despite the sacred values attributed to them, proving their inviolability and durability, undergo functional transformations in the dynamic structure of developing cities. This article focuses on the city of Gdańsk, which historically changed its statehood several times. Almost a full exchange of population from German to Polish took place after World War II. The main aim of the article is to compare the post-1945 attitudes of the new Gdańsk community and the authorities towards cemeteries being a legacy of their predecessors. During World War II and the three subsequent decades most of the unwanted (unrelated to the Polish community) necropolises were closed down and removed. 25 of the 101 inventoried cemeteries have survived until modern times. It has been shown that there are clear differences in the management of cemeteries after 1945, from the removing them in the communist times to the commemorating and revitalizing them during the maturing democracy. This is associated with the current social views, where the majority of residents object to changing the function of the sites of the former cemeteries and only allow converting them into greenery with commemoration of the history of the place.
Gestational diabetes mellitus: management during and after pregnancy - a systematic literature review
Authors: Subarto Claudia Banowati , Hakimi Mohammad , Isnaeni Yuli
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Women with gestational diabetes have a higher risk of serious health outcomes for mother and baby such as preeclampsia, premature birth and the long term development of type 2 diabetes. This study was conducted to present a review of available research in several countries about GDM management during and after pregnancy. Method: Several databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect and EBSco were searched for relevant articles published between January 2009 and January 2019. Result: Of the 1186 initial articles identified, this study analyzed 7 relevant articles that met the inclusion criteria. This study showed that management for GDM includes medical nutrition therapy, exercise, monitoring of blood glucose, and insulin therapy if blood glucose is not achieved with that treatment. Exclusive breast feeding for at least three months has been shown reducing the risk of childhood obesity of children, particularly in those born to obese and mothers with GDM Conclusion: There is a need to increase awareness of long-term consequences on gestational diabetes, both in patients and in healthcare professionals. Counseling is needed for dietary intervention and physical activity for all postpartum women with a history of GDM to stay healthy or to improve future health
Improving recruitment process for nurses, professions supplementary to medicine and paramedical staff
Authors: Adikari Pamila Sadeeka , Silva Dileep De , Alwis Sunil De , Weerasekara KYPK , Karthikeyan Parmelalagapillai , Hettiarachchi HHDAU , Kumara Kapuge Ranjith , Shantha HW Sunil
Published: November 2020

The recruitment process of nurses, professions supplementary to medicine and paramedical staffs had been a lengthy and labourers work for the Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services (MoHIMS) of Sri Lanka. The process affected the regular recruitment of mentioned staff categories. Flaws in this system contributed negatively to the country's shortage of human resources for health (HRH) as well as efforts to improve the healthcare service delivery. The aim of the study was to identify the gaps in the traditional paper-based recruitment system of the MoHIMS and to design a suitable intervention to improve the process and to assess the improvements brought about by the intervention. A service improvement project with full participation of stakeholders was planned by the Human Resource Coordination Division (HRCoD) of the MoHIMS. Qualitative methods were used to identify the gaps in the existing recruitment system and to gather the ideas for improvement. A computer based online recruitment system was implemented with the collaboration of the Department of Computer Science Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moratuwa. The perceived satisfaction of the stakeholders was reassessed by qualitative methods. Long lag between advertising and recruitment for training was revealed. Deficiencies such as, lack of transparency, negatively affected routine office processes, inability to validate examination results during application process and frustrated applicants leaving the training programs due to lengthy selection processes were also among the main gaps identified. The implemented online recruitment system was recognised by the stakeholders for its improved timeliness, transparency and minimal interference to the routine office functions. Service improvement projects to be successful, should be implemented with full stakeholder participation. Computer based online recruitment systems can be successfully implemented in public sector recruitments to improve the efficiency and transparency
The skill of translating thought into action: framing the problem
Authors: Christensen Wayne
Published: November 2020

The nature of the cognition-motor interface has been brought to prominence by Butterfill & Sinigaglia (2014), who argue that the representations employed by the cognitive and motor systems should not be able to interact with each other. Here I argue that recent empirical evidence concerning the interface contradicts several of the assumptions incorporated in Butterfill & Sinigaglia’s account, and I seek to develop a theoretical picture that will allow us to explain the structure of the interface presented by this evidence. The central idea is that neural plasticity incorporates metarepresentational rules for constructing representational systems and linking them. The structure of the cognition-motor interface is constructed flexibly during development and skill learning based on information processing demands.
Penerapan Karakteristik Diagnosa Keperawatan
Authors: Pasaribu Try Ayu Amanda
Published: November 2020

Diagnosa keperawatan adalah keputusan klinis tentang respon individu, keluarga, atau komunitas terhadap masalah kesehatan yang aktual dan potensial, atau proses kehidupan. Diagnosa keperawatan merupakan suatu pernyataan yang menjelaskan respon manusia. Diagnosa keperawatan adalah bagian dari proses keperawatan. Diagnosa keperawatan mendorong praktik independen perawat (misalnya, kenyamanan atau kelegaan pasien) dibandingkan dengan intervensi dependen yang didorong oleh perintah dokter (misalnya, pemberian obat). Diagnosa keperawatan dikembangkan berdasarkan data yang diperoleh selama pengkajian atau asesmen keperawatan meliputi pengkajian data pribadi, dan pemeriksaan fisik head to toe.
The Importance of Role Environment in Indonesian Language Learning
Authors: Rahmadani Meli
Published: November 2020

This essay contains about the importance of the role of the environment in learning Indonesian.
Peran kepemimpinan pemuda di dalam tugas pelayanan di Gereja
Authors: Icca
Published: November 2020

Peran kepemimpinan pemuda di dalam tugas pelayanan di Gereja sangat penting pelayanan pemuda menentukan masa depan Gereja untuk itu pemuda dalam pelayanan perlu mempunyai gaya hidup yang sesuai dengan kehidupan orang Kristen. Gaya hidup yang dimaksud yaitu dengan pembentukan kepribadian pemuda dengan standard yang ada di dalam Furman Tuhan. Peran kepemimpinan pelayanan pemuda di dalam Gereja perlu terbuka di dalam pengajaran dan kepemimpinan. Dalam pengajaran seorang pemimpin pemuda di dalam Gereja menunjukkan Furman Tuhan dan penjabarannya di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sebagaimana orang Kristen