bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Composition, Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Scorzonera undulata Methanolic Extracts: Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Apoptotic Effects on MCF7 Cells
Authors: Bédoui Imen , Nasr Hmed Ben , Ksouda Kamilia , Ayadi Wajdi , Louati Nour , Chamkha Mohamed , Choura Sirine , Gargouri Jalel , Hammami Serria , Affes Hanen , Hamadou Walid S. , Zammel Nourhene , Sherwani Subuhi , Zeghal Khaled , Badraoui Riadh
Published: October 2023

Background

Finding new effective substances to develop drugs against cancer or to prevent it remains a big challenge facing scientists and clinicians.

Objectives

In such an issue, we tested the anti-tumoral effect of Scorzonera undulata extracts on MCF7 cells.

Materials and Methods

Methanolic extracts of S. undulata roots (RSU) and aerial parts (ASU) from the Ha’il region were analyzed by HPLC. Their DPPH scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant potentials were evaluated. The MTT test was used to determine their cytotoxic effects on MCF7 cells using different concentrations, and their potential to induce apoptosis was determined by measuring the mitochondrial transmembrane loss of potential by flow cytometry using the JC-1 fluorescent marker.

Results

S. undulata was found to be rich in flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols. ASU contains great amounts of apigenin and gallic acid, whereas RSU contains luteolin and chlorogenic acid as major components. The potential to scavenge DPPH and the total antioxidant activity of ASU were twofold greater than those of RSU. MCF7 cell viability was reduced by 50% at concentrations of 4.22 ± 0.06 and 5.89 ± 0.08 mg.mL−1, respectively, for ASU and RSU at 24 h. In addition, S. undulata extracts induced MCF7 cells’ death through cell lysis and apoptosis.

Conclusion

As an edible vegetable, S. undulata is worth further exploration in alternative and complementary medication as it possesses significant antioxidant and anti-cancer potentials.
Perceived injustice: a historical and clinical review of a useful concept for psychiatry
Authors: Plevin David , Herriot Peter
Published: October 2023

Objective

Perceived injustice, a concept that arose in pain medicine, refers to an individual’s experiences and perceptions of victimisation from injuries resulting in chronic pain. Here, we have undertaken a historical and clinical review on the role of perceived injustice medicine in psychiatry and a systematic review on psychotherapeutic interventions for perceived injustice.

Method

For the systematic review, two studies were identified from a search of six databases.

Results

Though evidence is limited, psychotherapeutic interventions show promise in addressing perceived injustice and associated symptomatology.

Conclusion

Perceived injustice is a concept which may have great potential utility to psychiatry, particularly in occupational and medicolegal areas. Interventions addressing perceived injustice may help improve clinical outcomes.
A Qualitative Analysis of Latina Migrant Farmworkers’ Perception of Mental Health: Voices From Wisconsin
Authors: Graf Maria del Carmen , McMahon Bullis Mary , Lopez Alexa A. , Snethen Julia , Silvestre Eva , Mkandawire-Valhmu Lucy
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Despite evidence showing Latinos’ high prevalence of mental health, little is known about Latina migrant farmworkers’ mental health experiences, especially those working in Midwestern states. Considering the multiple vulnerabilities observed among Latina migrant farmworkers, it is necessary to gain insight from own accounts and perceptions of mental health and mental health–seeking experiences

Method:

A qualitative descriptive approach, using in-depth semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions, served to retrieve data from 34 Latina migrant farmworkers. This study was informed by Chicana, postcolonial, and Black feminist epistemologies.

Results:

Thematic analysis identified themes within the data. These findings pertained to the conceptualization of mental health within the contexts of family, capacities, stigma, denial, and faith.

Discussion:

Our results demonstrate the need for health care providers to consider Latina migrant farmworkers’ perceptions about mental health and apply those in designing and implementing culturally informed policy and practice.
Linking Response to Intervention and Identification of a Specific Learning Disability
Authors: Wong Lauren N. , Griffin Cynthia C. , Gage Nicholas A.
Published: October 2023

We investigated U.S. state and national trends in the enrollment of students ages 6 to 21 years under the specific learning disability (SLD) category across 15 consecutive school years (2005–2006 to 2019–2020). We used multi-level modeling to estimate the effects of state and time on SLD enrollment and conducted a policy analysis of three states (Rhode Island, Kansas, and New Mexico) to examine changes in SLD policy (including Response to Intervention) in conjunction with trends in enrollment. Results indicate significant differences in SLD enrollment between states in the initial year and significant decreases in SLD enrollment over time, but no significant differences in the change in SLD enrollment between states. Results from the policy analysis suggest that the state policy context (including legal requirements in the SLD evaluation process), type of RTI model, and method of SLD evaluation can affect SLD enrollment. We discuss these results within the context of increased variability in RTI models.
The Mediating Role of Resilience and Living in Care on Psychosocial Outcomes
Authors: Ungar Michael , Shahidi Mehrdad , Jefferies Philip , Shojaee Mahnaz , Clark Elizabeth Alexandra
Published: October 2023

Purpose

This study examined the mediating role of resilience and living in care experiences between risk exposure (victimization by community and adverse childhood experiences) and psychosocial outcomes (housing instability, delinquency, and post-traumatic stress reactions) for youth receiving child welfare and community services.

Method

Two hundred and fifty-one youths (14–19 years old) who are receiving interventions from the Department of Community Services in Nova Scotia, Canada, were recruited. Multiple measures were administered to the youth.

Results and conclusion

Resilience and experiences of living in care significantly mediated the relationship between risk factors and outcomes, with youth demographic characteristics influencing the pattern of these relationships. Findings suggested that resilience and living in care experiences could reduce the effects of risk factors on psychosocial outcomes. These findings demonstrate a role for Child Welfare agencies in promoting youth access to the resilience-enabling resources necessary to sustain well-being.
Key Informants in Applied Qualitative Health Research
Authors: Pahwa Manisha , Cavanagh Alice , Vanstone Meredith
Published: October 2023

Identifying and recruiting key informants is a widely used sampling strategy in applied qualitative health research. Key informants were first conceptualized within ethnography, but there is little methodological guidance about how to use this technique outside of that research tradition. The objective of this article is to offer practical suggestions about how existing methods for data collection with key informants could be translated to methodologies commonly used in applied qualitative health research. This article delineates how key informants could be conceptualized and sampled and how data sufficiency can be approached. The article prompts deeper consideration of the politics of representation and epistemic power that are inherent to the use of key informants in applied qualitative health research.
Evaluation of Palliative Care Related Hospital Admissions in a Regional Centre
Authors: Yang Laura , Hollis Charlie , Stewart Eleanor , MacGregor Kirsty , Bass Stephen , Savage Emily , Minton Ollie
Published: October 2023

Objectives

A significant proportion of adults admitted to hospital are in their last year of life. We evaluated admissions for these patients.

Methods

We identified ambulance callouts to patients known to the palliative care team. Data collected included admission outcome (e.g. discharge or death).

Results

There were 162 ambulance callouts between 126 patients known to the palliative care team. 8 patients (6%) died within 72 hours of admission.

Conclusion

Our data suggests many palliative care patients can be appropriately treated in the community.
Queering the Language of Inclusion: Implications from a Content Analysis of Inclusion Language in Developmental Education Scholarship
Authors: Owens Sam , Suh Emily K.
Published: October 2023

Inclusion is constantly referenced in educational institutions’ mission and values statements. Despite their purpose of guiding the institution, these brief paragraphs usually create more questions than answers regarding the who, what, and how of inclusion work. This article applies a queered critical discourse studies lens to a manifest content analysis of the term “inclusion” in professional journals from the field of postsecondary developmental education. Queer pedagogies support critical examinations of power and deconstructing dominant discourses. Our analysis of 112 articles across eight journals uncovered how developmental education scholars’ discussion of inclusion and the nature of inclusion work rarely operationally defined who should be included or who is/ought to be included in conversations about educational equity and inclusion. Further, the data included a strand of heteronormative ideologies that suggest an implicit assumption that being inclusive of queer students is only about discussing LGBT students, rather than acting inclusively of the queer population at large. In applying a queer theory lens, we interweave concrete recommendations into our presentation of the findings, challenging educational scholars, educators, and educational leaders to make inclusion language inclusive of all and create spaces that promote discursive as well as physical inclusion.
Sociolocation: A Proposed Conceptual Element in Lifespan Development
Authors: Burton Candace W.
Published: October 2023

Individual identity as a function of human development significantly intersects with and is necessarily influenced by the social world. To describe this intersection and its effects, the term sociolocation was proposed, initially in the context of adolescent development, and defined as “self-identification and recognition of social integration through relationships.” Almost a decade later, it is apparent that the processes of sociolocation may continue and repeat through the rest of the lifespan. The purpose of this, therefore, paper is to present an expanded definitional and conceptual analysis of sociolocation using the techniques described by Chinn, Kramer, and Sitzman. Such an analysis is important across nursing science, practice, and education, since in all three domains the nurse may encounter individuals engaged in sociolocation. Understanding what this process is and when and how it may occur can be helpful in care planning, learning, and research endeavors.
Expressive Arts and Family Counseling: An Interview With Dr. Cathy Malchiodi
Authors: Pender Baum Rebecca L.
Published: October 2023

Dr. Rebecca Pender Baum interviews Dr. Cathy Malchiodi, a leading international expert, writer, and educator in the fields of art therapy, expressive arts therapy, as well as, trauma and arts in healthcare. Dr. Malchiodi has over 30 years of experience and education in trauma intervention and disaster relief. This interview will highlight her expressive arts background and the use of this modality in working with families.
Relative Importance of Work Need Satisfaction Among Working Adults in the United States and South Korea: A Cross-Cultural Study
Authors: Kim Ji-Hye , Kim Haram J. , Duffy Ryan D. , Lee Ki-Hak
Published: October 2023

According to the Psychology of Working Theory (PWT), work need satisfaction is a key predictor of positive outcomes, such as well-being and work fulfillment. However, important cultural differences may exist regarding the relative importance of different types of needs in predicting well-being and work fulfillment. To address this idea, we collected data from workers in the U.S. and Korea and conducted a relative weight analysis with employed adults, comparing how well specific needs predicted the four proposed PWT outcomes. For American workers ( n = 281), the five need constructs were more predictive of work and well-being outcomes than for Korean workers ( n = 327). The most notable differences were prediction of work meaning and physical health, with social contribution and relatedness need satisfaction being much more predictive of these outcomes in the U.S. than Korean sample, respectively. Overall, the findings suggest that work need satisfaction may promote workers’ well-being in both countries; however, these relationships may differ somewhat depending on the culture. Practical implications and future research directions based on these findings are discussed.
Relationship Between Obesity and Medial Longitudinal Arch Bowing
Authors: Kim Ki Chun , Fayed Aly , Schmidt Eli , Carvalho Kepler Alencar Mendes de , Lalevee Matthieu , Mansur Nacime , de Cesar Netto Cesar
Published: October 2023

Background:

There have been reports about the association between obesity and the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) of foot. The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of various parameters related to the MLA according to obesity classification severity by the World Health Organization using weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT).

Methods:

WBCT data of the noninvolved side of patients presenting with unilateral foot and ankle problems or healthy candidates from September 2014 to October 2022 were extracted from a single referral hospital. Forty-four cases in each of 5 obesity classes were selected sequentially. Two orthopaedic surgeons measured foot and ankle offset, forefoot arch angle (FAA), hindfoot moment arm, percentage of uncoverage of the middle facet of the subtalar joint, talonavicular angle (TNA), navicular–medial cuneiform angle, medial cuneiform–first metatarsal angle, talus–first metatarsal angle (TMT1A), first tarsometatarsal subluxation (TMT1S), talonavicular coverage angle, navicular floor distance (NFD), and NFD per height. Positive values indicate plantar collapse. Intra- and interobserver reliabilities were assessed using intraclass correlation coefﬁcients. One-way analysis of variance tests were performed for parametric data with equal variances, and Welch’s test for unequal variances. Kruskal-Wallis test was performed for nonparametric data. Post hoc analysis was performed for statistically significant parameters. Correlation analysis between body mass index (BMI) and 12 parameters were performed using Pearson test.

Results:

Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were excellent, except for TMT1S. The TNA and TMT1A showed a statistically significant difference. FAA ( r = −0.2), TNA ( r = 0.182), TMT1A ( r = 0.296), and NFD ( r = −0.173) showed a statistically significant correlation with BMI

Conclusion:

In nonsymptomatic feet, we found that the talonavicular joint, as measured by the TNA, to be influenced by obesity classification. Obesity and increased BMI was associated with a negative influence on the MLA.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Obesity and Ankle Prosthesis Revision: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Varga Csaba , Váncsa Szilárd , Agócs Gergely , Hegyi Péter , Gidró Barbara Timea , Szőke György , Domos Gyula , Rodler Endre , Kocsis György , Holnapy Gergely
Published: October 2023

Background:

The increasing number of total ankle arthroplasties (TAAs) has led to growing evidence on the risk factors for complications after surgery. However, the role of obesity in this patient group has been the subject of much debate. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to investigate the evidence for untoward effects of obesity following TAA.

Methods:

We conducted a comprehensive search on April 28, 2023, in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and CENTRAL. Eligible observational studies reported on the short- and long-term outcomes of primary TAA, comparing patients with and without obesity (defined as body mass index > 30). Using a random effects model, we calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from 2 by 2 tables (event and nonevent in the obese and nonobese primary TAA groups).

Results:

Nine studies with 10 388 patients were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. We found significantly higher odds of revision in the obese group compared to the nonobese group (OR = 1.68, CI: 1.44-1.95). However, the odds of overall perioperative complications (OR = 1.55, CI: 0.50-4.80) and wound complications (OR = 1.34, CI: 0.29-6.20) were nonsignificantly higher in the obese group.

Conclusion:

Based on our results, obesity may have affected long-term outcomes following TAA and may have negatively affected the prosthesis’s survival.
The Role of the Transverse Arch in Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity
Authors: Schmidt Eli , Lalevée Matthieu , Kim Ki Chun , Carvalho Kepler Alencar Mendes de , Dibbern Kevin , Lintz Francois , Barbachan Mansur Nacime Salomao , de Cesar Netto Cesar
Published: October 2023

Background:

The transverse arch (TA) has recently been shown to significantly increase the intrinsic stiffness of the midfoot when coupled with the medial longitudinal arch (MLA). Progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) is a complex deformity that ultimately results in a loss of stiffness and collapse of the MLA. The role of the TA has not been investigated in patients diagnosed with this disorder using weightbearing CT (WBCT). Therefore, this study aims to answer the following questions: (1) Is the curvature of the TA decreased in PCFD? (2) Where within the midfoot does TA curvature flattening happen in PCFD?

Methods

A retrospective review of weightbearing CT images was conducted for 32 PCFD and 32 control feet. The TA curvature was assessed both indirectly using previously described methods and directly using a novel measurement termed the transverse arch plantar (TAP) angle that assesses the angle formed between the first, second, and fifth metatarsals in the coronal plane. Location of TA collapse was also assessed in the coronal plane.

Results:

The TAP angle was significantly higher in PCFD (mean 115.2 degrees, SD 10.7) than in the control group (mean 100.8 degrees, SD 7.9) ( P < .001). No difference was found using the calculated normalized TA curvature between PCFD (mean 17.1, SD 4.8) and controls (mean 18.3, SD 4.0) ( P = .266). Location of collapse along the TA in PCFD was most significant at the second metatarsal and medial cuneiform.

Conclusion:

The TA is more collapsed in PCFD compared to controls. This collapse was most substantial between the plantar medial cuneiform and the plantar second metatarsal. This may represent a location of uncoupling of the TA and MLA.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective case control.
Change Score and Subscore Precision and Reliability of the Children’s Depression Inventory
Authors: Rosen Morgan G. , Grochowalski Joseph H.
Published: October 2023

The Child Depression Inventory (CDI) is often used to assess change in depression over time, but no studies estimate the reliability of CDI change scores nor its five subscores. Our study investigated the reliability of change scores for both the total score on the CDI as well as its five subscores. We examined CDI responses from 186 maltreated children and estimated change score reliability for relative (e.g., comparison) and absolute (e.g., diagnosis) purposes. We also conducted subscore utility analysis, which determines if subscores have adequate reliability and provide information beyond the total score. We found that the total change score had acceptable reliability of .70 for our sample for both relative and absolute interpretations. In addition, the total score was a better predictor of true subscore values than the observed subscores—suggesting subscores did not add value over the total score, and that the reliability of changes in subscores was too low to be useful for any purpose. In summary, we found that the total CDI change scores were useful for assessing change in studies that examine relative or absolute change, and we advise caution when interpreting CDI subscores based on our analysis.
The Clinical Implementation of CYP2C19 Genotyping in Patients with an Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insights From the FORCE-ACS Registry
Authors: Azzahhafi Jaouad , Broek Wout W. A. van den , Chan Pin Yin Dean R. P. P. , Harmsze Ankie M. , van Schaik Ron H. N. , ten Berg Jurriën M.
Published: October 2023

Background

Guidelines recommend prasugrel or ticagrelor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. However, these P2Y12 inhibitors increase bleeding risk compared to clopidogrel. Although genotype-guided P2Y12-inhibitor selection has been shown to reduce bleeding risk, data on its clinical implementation is lacking.

Methods

The study included ACS patients receiving genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy, utilising either a point-of-care (POC) device or laboratory-based testing. We aimed to collect qualitative and quantitative data on genotyping, eligibility for de-escalation, physician adherence to genotype results, time to de-escalation and cost reduction.

Results

Of the 1,530 patients included in the ACS registry from 2021 to 2023, 738 ACS patients treated with ticagrelor received a CYP2C19 genotype test. The median turnover time of genotyping was 6.3 hours (interquartile range [IQR], 3.2-16.7), with 82.3% of the genotyping results known within 24 hours after admission. POC genotyping exhibited significantly shorter turnaround times compared to laboratory-based testing (with respective medians of 5.7 vs 47.8 hours; P < .001). Of the genotyped patients, 81.7% were eligible for de-escalation which was carried out within 24 hours in 70.9% and within 48 h in 93.0%. The time to de-escalation was significantly shorter using POC (25.4 hours) compared to laboratory-based testing (58.9 hours; P < .001). Implementing this strategy led to a reduction of €211,150.50 in medication costs.

Conclusions

CYP2C19 genotype-guided-de-escalation in an all-comers ACS population is feasible. POC genotyping leads to shorter turnaround times and quicker de-escalation. Time to de-escalation from ticagrelor to clopidogrel in noncarriers was short, with high physician adherence to genotype results.
Impact of New Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. Results of the “ACO-VID” Registry
Authors: Cerezo Manchado Juan José , Iturbe Hernández Teodoro , Martínez Pacheco María del Carmen , Gil Ortega Ignacio , Campoy Desirée , Canals Pernas Tania , Martinez Serra Laia , Flores Aparco Katia Jessica , Velasquez Escandon Cesar Andres , García de Guadiana-Romualdo Luis , Martinez Frances Antonio , Olivera Pavel
Published: October 2023

Objective

To assess the impact of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) on patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

Multicenter and retrospective study that included subjects >55 years hospitalized with COVID-19 from March to October 2020 in Spanish hospitals. Patients were divided into 3 groups (no AF, new-onset AF, and preexisting AF) and followed-up to 90 days.

Results

A total of 668 patients were included, of whom 162 (24.3%) had no AF, 107 (16.0%) new-onset AF and 399 (59.7%) preexisting AF. Compared to patients without AF, those patients with new-onset AF were older and had more comorbidities, but without differences with preexisting AF. During hospitalization, in the univariate analysis, compared to patients without AF, major bleeding and cardiovascular mortality were more frequent in patients with new-onset AF (10.3% vs 0.6%; P < .001; 2.8% vs 0.6%; P = .025, respectively), with a trend toward more stroke (1.9% vs 0%; P = .085). Outcomes were similar between AF groups, but the length of stay was greater in preexisting AF patients. Among patients with new-onset AF taking reduced doses of anticoagulant treatment was associated with higher risks of stroke and major bleeding.

Conclusions

In COVID-19 hospitalized patients, new-onset AF may be associated with worse outcomes, but influenced by the dose of anticoagulants.
From Punchlines to Punches: A Meta-Analysis of the Persuasive Effects of Horatian and Juvenalian Political Satires
Authors: Dobmeier Christopher M. , Brooks John J. , Walter Nathan , Holbert R. Lance
Published: October 2023

A meta-analysis evaluated the persuasive effects of political satire and how such effects may differ between Horatian (light-hearted) and Juvenalian (acerbic) satire types. A synthesis of 33 studies ( N = 7,469) revealed that political satire is no more persuasive than serious news, but the data find several contingencies when distinguishing between satire types. Namely, satire type was found to interact with issue involvement and format, but not ideology or perceived humor. Particularly, persuasion was enhanced by Juvenalian sketch format (compared with news format) satire, as well as Juvenalian satire for high-involvement individuals, but was inhibited by Horatian satire for those same individuals.
Real world practices of luspatercept at an academic medical center
Authors: Koons Madison , Signorelli Jessie R. , Bell Chris , Rowen Brenna
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Luspatercept is approved for patients with very low-to intermediate-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Dosing is based on pre-dose hemoglobin levels and transfusion requirements. This study aims to evaluate if a site with a pharmacist prospectively reviewing luspatercept doses achieves dose optimization, compared to a site that does not have a pharmacist prospectively reviewing doses. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review involving patients age ≥18 years or older with MDS at a major academic medical center main campus, which does not have a pharmacist prospectively review luspatercept doses, and a satellite campus infusion center, which has a pharmacist prospectively reviewing doses. Patients included received at least one dose of luspatercept between January 1, 2017 through August 31, 2022. The primary endpoint is the percentage of off-label luspatercept doses not consistent with prescribing information (PI) recommended dose adjustments. Results: The study included 17 patients. Of the 162 doses evaluated, 37 (23%) were off-label. Off-label dosing at the main campus was more common than at a satellite location (29.6% vs. 2.4%; p < 0.003). More patients achieved transfusion independence at the satellite compared to the main campus (83.3% vs. 27.3% p < 0.39). Conclusions: There was a higher percentage of off-label dosing at a center without a pharmacist's prospective review vs. a center with a pharmacist's prospective review. On-label dose optimization may lead to a higher percentage of patients achieving transfusion independence. Enhancements in the current ordering and review process can be improved with the involvement of a pharmacist's prospective involvement at both centers.
Liver toxicity with ribociclib in a patient with metastatic hormone receptor positive postmenopausal breast cancer
Authors: Sozer Karadagli Sumru , Gursoy Pınar
Published: October 2023

Introduction

In recent years, highly selective reversible CDK4/6 inhibitors have been combined with aromatase inhibitors for their efficacy and ease of application in the treatment of advanced stage of hormone-responsive breast cancers. Oral use of these drugs facilitates patient compliance. However, adverse drug reactions are reported due to these drugs, in the literature. Diverse adverse reactions such as skin reactions, liver toxicity, and vitiligo with ribociclib have been reported.

Case report

In this study, we present of liver toxicity due to the use of ribociclib in a case of advanced breast cancer with metastases. It is noteworthy that the patient did not have any other concomitant disease and did not take any other medication.

Management and outcome

After the 600 mg initial dose of ribociclib, neutropenia occurred at the beginning of the therapy, the dose was reduced to 400 mg, and liver enzymes started to rise in the second month of the therapy. In the fifth month of the intermittent treatment period, liver toxicity was grade 3.

Discussion

Liver adverse reaction occurred due to ribociclib use in the patient who had no history of any other disease. The Naranjo algorithm score was evaluated as 9. Considering the excretion of ribociclib by sulfation, cysteine conjugation, and glucuronidation, which are phase II reactions, n-acetyl cysteine (NAC) treatment (600 mg/day) was started for the patient. NAC therapy is recommended to reduce elevated liver enzymes in the case. The patient's treatment has been continuing with palbociclib for 5 months. No increase in liver enzymes was observed.
Modeling the γ-irradiation inactivation kinetics of foodborne pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus in instant soup
Authors: Apaydın Demet , Tırpancı Sivri Göksel , Demirci Ahmet Ş
Published: October 2023

The objective of the present study was to assess the inactivation kinetics of γ-irradiation of selected foodborne pathogens in instant soup. Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ATCC 25922), Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (ATCC 13076) , Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 2592), and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778) were inoculated into instant soup and irradiated at various doses of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 10.0 kGy using 60Co source. The radiation response of these four major foodborne disease pathogens in instant soup was tested. As expected, the pathogen population decreased with increasing irradiation dose. By comparing bacterial resistance in instant soups according to D10 values, E coli O157: H7 was the most radio-resistant bacteria (D10 of 1.580 kGy), followed by Salmonella (D10 of 1.160 kGy), S aureus (D10 of 0.775 kGy), B cereus (D10 of 0.462 kGy). For modeling of inactivation kinetics, both, the conventional first-order linear model and Weibull model were compared and the goodness of fit of these models was investigated. Weibull model produced a better fit to the data. This research has shown that γ-irradiation was effective to eliminate pathogens in instant soup and it can be a great way to assure the microbiological safety of the instant soup.
Molecular Profiling of a Hepatocellular Neoplasm Not Otherwise Specified (HCN-NOS) Demonstrates Distinct Molecular Features in Hepatoblastoma and HCC-Like Components
Authors: Chen Wongworawat Yan , Sarabia Stephen F. , Urbicain Martin , Francalanci Paola , Sumazin Pavel , Alaggio Rita , López-Terrada Dolores H.
Published: October 2023

Hepatoblastomas (HB) are embryonal tumors with quiet genomes diagnosed mostly in children under 3 years of age and often cured by surgical resection and chemotherapy. However, a subset of HBs behave aggressively, displaying characteristic histologic features and higher genomic instability. Hepatocellular neoplasm-not otherwise specified (HCN-NOS) is a provisional diagnostic category for tumors exhibiting either intermediate or a combination of both HB and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) histological features. In this study, we characterized an HCN-NOS diagnosed in a 3-year-old patient presenting with a liver mass, in which both HB and HCC histological components were amendable to macro-dissection and molecular profiling. The spectrum of mutations, copy number changes, mRNA, and protein expression profiles within these 2 histologically distinct tumor areas demonstrate molecular heterogeneity and suggest intratumoral clonal evolution of this hepatocellular CTNNB1-mutant lesion.
Design and structural testing of 3D printed honeycomb cores with optimised integrated blended inserts
Authors: Dumitrescu Adrian , Walker Scott J. I. , Romei Federico , Bhaskar Atul
Published: October 2023

The integration of inserts into sandwich panel constructions is a complex multi-step process with significant human intervention that also limits the geometrical freedom of the insert design. In a standard sandwich construction, the panel core is made up of multiple materials across its main components: insert, potting and core. This multi-material assembly is not only difficult to manufacture, but it also promotes stress jumps at the insert-core interface, leading to a sub-optimal load distribution from the bolt to the panel core. Additive manufacturing (AM) can lead to a single-part core and insert assembly with more optimised insert geometries that can better transmit the loads applied to the panel. Previous work by the authors has explored the manufacturing limits and the failure modes of AM inserts integrated in cores printed out of sintered AlSi10Mg. The conclusions were that the core walls and insert elements should have a minimum design thickness of 0.5 mm to survive the tapping process without facesheets attached and it was found that the main failure mode of the geometries tested in pull-out was buckling of the insert walls. Based on these results, the paper proposes a novel insert design philosophy that can delay the buckling of 3D printed inserts and move the failure point of the insert away from the bolt. A set of inserts that follow this design direction is manufactured and tested under normal pull-out loads and the optimised designs outperform standard printed insert geometries by a factor of three. The design philosophy can be further developed to offer a suitable alternative to the current insert standard.
Effectiveness of Duloxetine on Oxaliplatin-induced Allodynia and Hyperalgesia in Rats
Authors: Wagner Monica A. , Smith Ellen M. Lavoie , Ayyash Naji , Toledo Josue , Rasheed Zainab , Holden Janean E.
Published: October 2023

Development of painful oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a major problem in people who receive oxaliplatin as part of cancer treatment. The pain experienced by those with OIPN can be seriously debilitating and lead to discontinuation of an otherwise successful treatment. Duloxetine is currently the only recommended treatment for established painful OIPN recommended by the American Society of Clinical Oncology, but its preventative ability is still not clear. This study examined the ability of duloxetine to prevent signs of chronic OIPN in female (n = 12) and male (n = 21) rats treated with the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin. Using an established model of OIPN, rats were started on duloxetine (15 mg) one week prior to oxaliplatin administration and continued duloxetine for 32 days. Behavioral testing for mechanical allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia was done with selected von Frey filaments. Significant posttreatment differences were found for allodynia in female ( p = .004), but not male rats. Duloxetine was associated with significant differences for hyperalgesia in both female ( p < .001) and male ( p < .001) rats. These findings provide preliminary evidence of the preventative effects of duloxetine on both oxaliplatin-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia in male and female rats, with a difference noted in response between the sexes.
Tunneled femoral dialysis catheters and factors affecting their outcome: a single institution experience
Authors: Pokala Naveen Kumar , Mesick Matthew , Kim Seung Kwon , Kavali Pavan Kumar , Mani Naganathan B
Published: October 2023

Background:

To assess a single-center experience with tunneled femoral dialysis catheter usage and outcomes and to identify any operator-dependent factors related to risk of premature catheter failure.

Methods:

Retrospective review of the institutional radiology information system for tunneled femoral dialysis catheter placement from 2010 to 2017 was performed. Patients for whom the catheter was placed for an indication other than dialysis or who were less than 18 years of age at the time of catheter placement were excluded. Premature catheter failure rate, cause of premature failure, catheter patency (in days) and infection rate were assessed. Operator/placement characteristics, including laterality, catheter tip placement, and catheter length were also assessed.

Results:

A total of 101 patients were included in the study. This included n = 116 catheter placements. Thirty-four percent of patients ( n = 40) were lost to follow-up, resulting in n = 61 patients and n = 76 catheters analyzed. Premature catheter failure rate was 48% ( n = 36), with low flows being the foremost cause of failure (64%, n = 23). Average primary patency of these catheters was 82.4 days (1–328 days). About 8% of catheters ( n = 3) were complicated by infection, resulting in an infection rate of 0.4/1000 catheter days. None of the operator-dependent factors analyzed, including catheter laterality, catheter tip placement, and catheter length, demonstrated a significant association with premature catheter failure.

Conclusions:

Institutional primary access patency rates are comparable to or higher than previously published data, while infection rates are similar to or lower than those reported in the literature. None of the operator-dependent factors related to placement was shown to significantly decrease the risk of premature catheter failure. These findings suggest that while femoral dialysis catheters do not function well in the long term relative to internal jugular vein dialysis catheters, prior literature may undervalue their utility and function, particularly given that these catheters are used as a “last resort” for many patients.
Fulminant ruptured septic aneurysm complicating the catheter related blood stream infection in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Veeranki Vamsidhar , Prasad Narayan , Sarda Yashendu , Das Abhraneel , Patel Manas Ranjan , Kushwaha Ravi Shankar , Meyyappan Jeyakumar
Published: October 2023

Metastatic infections can complicate catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) in dialysis dependent patients. However, an infected/septic aneurysm involving the aorta or its branches as a direct complication of CRBSI without an underlying infective endocarditis is not reported so far in the literature. We report a 43-year female, who presented with CRBSI 2 weeks following a tunneled dialysis catheter (TDC) insertion. Due to the lack of defervescence after 72 h of antibiotics given as per the culture sensitivity reports, the TDC was removed. Blood cultures grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After a catheter free interval of 4 days, a TDC was reinserted, an antibiotic course was completed, and she was discharged in stable condition. Five days later, she presented with acute abdominal pain and fever. A tender, firm, and pulsatile mass was noted in the hypogastrium with a bruit. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the aorta, and left common iliac artery at the site of origin. She was started on IV antibiotics and planned for an endovascular prosthesis but had a sudden collapse during her hospital stay due to a ruptured aneurysm. CRBSI due to certain pathogens such as Pseudomonas might require prolonged and dual antibiotic therapy to prevent fulminant complications.
Impact of oil ageing on gear scuffing in hybrid dual-clutch transmissions
Authors: Gerges Wassem , Heipl Oliver , Wettlaufer Marc , Bartel Dirk
Published: October 2023

As the clutch friction stability in dual-clutch transmissions has been continuously improved over the last decade, wear protection of high loaded mechanical contacts has become increasingly important and mechanical failures have been observed at the end of extended oil drain intervals. A test method was established based on standard equipment already used for transmission fluid development. A modified FZG four-square test rig allows ageing a reduced oil volume to not decelerate development times. Applicability was demonstrated by ageing four full formulated transmission fluids using the new approach and comparing the results to aged transmission fluids sampled from durability testing. The oils aged with the FZG rig exhibit the same characteristics of scuffing load capacity degradation as observed in full transmission systems. However, in the full transmission system, the degradation starts at lower applied specific work, most likely due to the different system complexity. It is pointed out that not only the thermal load but also the tribological stresses have to be considered to mimic oil ageing.
Sick kids versus whom? Childhood disability and charitable campaigns on Instagram
Authors: Zuzunaga Zegarra Daniela , Abrams Thomas
Published: October 2023

Platform media are changing the disability charity landscape. This paper employs a hybrid critical disability studies – platform media studies lens to explore the SickKids VS campaign, aiming to ‘fight’ childhood illness and disability. Employing a social media thematic analysis, we analyzed social media content distributed through the campaign, consisting of images, videos, and captions ( n=620). We found three dominant narratives: heroic sick kids, crumbling infrastructure, and informational content. Each trend, we argue, emerges within a changing platform mediascape, whereby charitable audiences must be cultivated and curated over a long-term process, rather than in a single moment, as in telethon fundraising. We ask how disability is framed in each of those narratives, and how disability studies might respond to these formulations in the political economy of platform media. We end by exploring the strategies disability studies can take to combat the marginalizing effects of such charitable campaigns.
Understanding Midwestern US Teacher Socialization during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Richards Kevin Andrew , Smith-Suchon Nicolette , Kinder Christopher J , Kern Benjamin D , Graber Kim C , Woods Amelia Mays
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had both short- and long-term impacts on the institution of schooling, as well as on teachers and students who experienced it. While much has been learned about the impact of the pandemic, including in physical education, less is known about how physical education teachers navigated the sociopolitical realities of their work as they were socialized through the pandemic. Adopting occupational socialization theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of Midwestern US physical educators during the COVID-19 pandemic and the lasting implications for their careers. Participants were 30 in-service physical education teachers (20 female and 10 male) from one state in the US Midwest who each participated in a semi-structured interview. Semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using a multiphase collaborative qualitative analysis method grounded in analytic induction and deduction and focused on thematic development. Data analysis resulted in four themes: (a) changing instructional modalities was challenging but prompted creativity and growth; (b) resources were scarce, and marginalization was intensified through the pandemic; (c) recognizing and responding to changes in teacher and student health; and (d) stressors associated with COVID-19 may influence teachers’ career trajectories. This study not only adds to the literature related to COVID-19 but also is important for understanding how the schools’ culture changes through times of crisis. It is likely that other local, regional, national, or international events will cause disruptions in teachers’ work and the nature of student learning in the future.
Prehospital stroke scales outperform National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale in predicting large vessel occlusion in a large academic telestroke network
Authors: English Stephen W , Chhabra Nikita , Hanus Abigail E , Basharath Rida , Miller Monet , Butterfield Richard J , Zhang Nan , Demaerschalk Bart M
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Prehospital telestroke evaluations may improve stroke triage compared to paramedic-applied large vessel occlusion scales, but ambulance-based video National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale assessments are challenging. The accuracy of telestroke-administered large vessel occlusion scales has not been investigated, so we sought to evaluate this further.

Methods

This retrospective study included all in-hospital telestroke encounters in a large academic telestroke network from 2019 to 2020. We retrospectively calculated seven large vessel occlusion scales using the in-hospital telestroke National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (Rapid Arterial oCclusion Evaluation, Cincinnati Stroke Triage Assessment Tool, Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination, 3-Item Stroke Scale, Prehospital Acute Stroke Severity, Vision-Aphasia-Neglect, and Gaze-Face-Arm-Speech-Time). Diagnostic performance was assessed via sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and accuracy using established scale thresholds. These results were compared to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at thresholds of 6, 8, and 10. The area under curve was calculated using c-statistics by treating scales as continuous variables.

Results

A total of 625 patients were included; 111 (17.8%) patients had an anterior large vessel occlusion, 118 (18.9%) patients had any large vessel occlusion, and 182 (29.1%) patients had stroke mimic diagnosis. The mean age (SD) was 67.9 (15.9), 48.3% were female, and 93.4% were white. The Mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (SD) was 14.9 (8.4) for patients with anterior large vessel occlusion, 4.7 (5.0) for patients with non-large vessel occlusion ischemic stroke, and 4.4 (5.8) for stroke mimic ( p < 0.001). Compared to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination, and Rapid Arterial oCclusion Evaluation scales demonstrated higher accuracy and area under curve for large vessel occlusion detection.

Discussion

Both the Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination and Rapid Arterial oCclusion Evaluation scales outperformed the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale for large vessel occlusion detection in patients evaluated by in-hospital telestroke. These scales may be valid alternatives to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale examination in this setting.
Patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior in child and adolescent cancer survivors assessed using wrist accelerometry: A cluster analysis approach
Authors: Ha Lauren , Wakefield Claire E. , Diaz Claudio , Mizrahi David , Signorelli Christina , Yacef Kalina , Simar David
Published: October 2023

Physical activity levels among childhood cancer survivors are typically quantified as a total amount using time spent in various intensities. Yet, most analyses do not consider the transitory nature of children’s behaviors and a more detailed approach could provide complimentary information. We aimed to explore various behavior profiles of survivors’ daily and hourly physical activity patterns. We measured 8-18-year-old survivors’ activity levels over 7 days using wrist accelerometry and cluster analysis. Of the 37 participant datasets, survivors engaged in mean (SD) 36.3 (19.0) min/day of MVPA and 4.1 (1.9) hrs/day of sedentary activity. The cluster analysis revealed five daily movement patterns: ‘most active’ (prevalence 11%), ‘active’ (22%), ‘moderately active + moderately sedentary’ (35%), ‘moderately active + high sedentary’ (5%) and ‘least active’ (27%). Younger survivors and those with less time since treatment completion were more likely to be in the active clusters. Hourly behaviors were characterized by short bursts of MVPA and moderate bouts of sedentary activity. Our approach provides an insightful analysis into the nature and timing of childhood cancer survivors’ movement behaviours. Our findings may assist in the development of targeted interventions to improve physical activity levels.