bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS BY SEARLE THEORY IN “SLEEPING BEAUTY” MOVIE SCRIPT
Authors: Della Fara , Sembiring Barnabas
Published: August 2019

This research aims to find out the types of Directive Speech Acts by the characters in “Sleeping Beauty” movie script based on the theory that proposed by Searle theory and analyze the types of directive speech acts that most frequently used in the movie script and the possible reason for it. The subject of the research was the script of the conversation between the characters. The type of this research is Descriptive Quantitative research. In this research, the researcher used documentation as the instrument. The object of this study is the “Sleeping Beauty” movie script by Casper Van Dien. The results of the research show that, first, the types of directive speech acts were Command, request, permission, prohibition, and question. Second, the types of directive speech act that most frequently used were command type. In terms of types, the command is in the highest rank (51 utterances) and prohibition ( 2 utterances)) is in the lowest rank. In terms of reason, the command types (51 utterances) is the most frequently used, because it usually shows the strength of each character very clearly. And also the movie genre also influences the use of its directive speech acts itself.
AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS PERFORMED BY MAIN CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE REVENANT SCRIPT
Authors: Oktadistio Fyngky , Aziz Mazrul , . Zahrida
Published: August 2019

This Research Entitled “An Analysis Of Direct And Indirect Speech Acts Performed By Main Character In The Movie Revenant Script”. This research was a descriptive analysis that discusses direct and indirect speech acts in movie script entitled ‘The Revenant.’ In analyzing the script, there was used theory by Yule (1996).The data in this research based on main characters’ utterances. The purpose of this analysis was to find out the types, and functions of speech act whether it is direct speech act or indirect speech act in the movie script entitled ‘The Revenant.’ From the analysis, it was found that both direct speech acts and indirect speech acts are used by main characters in this movie. The most dominant type of speech act used in the movie script was direct speech act (13 utterances) and then followed by indirect speech act (9 utterances). The direct speech act was classified again into declarative type (2 utterances) imperative type (5 utterances) and interrogative type (6 utterances). Indirect speech acts were also classified again into declarative type (8 utterances) and Interrogative (1 utterance). For the functions, direct speech acts are classified into the statement (2 utterances), order/request (5 utterances), and the last function of the question (6 utterances). Indirect speech act also classified into question (9 utterances), and no functions of statement and order. Based on the result, the researcher found that Felicity Conditions and genre were the factors affected main characters in producing direct speech acts more than indirect speech acts.
THE EFFECT OF USING POWERPOINT MODIFIED PICTURES IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT TO THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMPN 22 KOTA BENGKULU IN 2016/2017 ACADEMIC YEAR
Authors: Susilo Tri , . Kasmaini , Damayanti Indah
Published: August 2019

This study aimed at investigating the effect of using powerpoint modified pictures as a media in teaching writing descriptive text. The population of this study was all the students of eighth-grade students of  SMPN 22 Kota Bengkulu in academic year 2016/2017 with the total number of population 66 students. The sample of this research was taken by using purposive sampling. By using that technique, 42 students were taken as the samples. The samples divided into two groups, experimental and control group. The instrument employed in this study was writing tests. The pre-test was conducted before giving treatments in order to know the scores of both groups. After giving some treatments to the experimental and control group, the post-test was held to both groups. Based on the data analysis of the post-test, it was found that t-count > t-table (4.66 > 2.021). This finding indicated that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control group scores. It means that the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. In other words, powerpoint modified pictures had a significant effect on students’ writing ability. The use of powerpoint modified pictures could increase students’  writing ability especially in descriptive text. Therefore, this technique can be applied by the teacher as a teaching aid in descriptive text’s writing.
THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF MORALE IN ALICE THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS MOVIE
Authors: Lukitasari Diana , Sembiring Barnabas , Damayanti Indah
Published: August 2019

This research aimed to know the students’ perceptions of morale in “Alice through the looking glass” movie and the influence of morale toward English Students Fourth Semester Class A of Bengkulu University. This research was a Descriptive Quantitative research. In this research, the researcher used questionnaire and interview as the instrument. In the questionnaire the researcher used close-ended and open-ended question. The result showed that the students have good perception about the morale that contained in the movie. That is why there were compatibility between the student’s answer and the researcher analysis. There were 15 morales that the researcher and the students have found. Furthermore, there were some influences of morale to the students such as, students could build a good character, attitude, behavior, and social behavior from it and be able to distinguish what is right and what is wrong.
STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN RESPONDING TEACHERS’ ORAL QUESTIONS
Authors: Wensi Foristia Kencana , Puspita Hilda , Afriazi Rudi
Published: August 2019

The aim of this research was to find out the strategies used by the English Education Study Program students in responding teacher oral questions. The research was designed as a descriptive quantitative research. The population of the research was sixth semester students of English Education Study Program of Universitas Bengkulu in the 2017/2018 academic year. The samples were 69 students. The data were collected by using a set of questionnaire. There were 25 statements of responses strategies which consisted of seven categories of response strategies proposed by Lui et. al (2018) and any communication strategies proposed by Dornyei (1997). They were avoidance strategy, accommodative strategy, asking for clarification strategy, no response strategy, excuse strategy, denial strategy and apology strategy. The result of this study showed that students of English Education Study Program preferred to use six categories i.e., accommodative strategy, asking for clarification strategy, no response strategy, excuse strategy, and denial strategy and one was seldom used namely apology strategy. In addition, the most frequently used strategy group by the students was avoidance strategy.
THE PERCEPTION OF THE ENGLISH CLUB MEMBERS OF THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS ASSOCIATION (EDSA) TOWARD THEIR CLUB
Authors: Destrianti Eva , Sabaruddin Syafrizal , Hati Gita Mutiara
Published: August 2019

This research is a descriptive quantitative research which aimed to investigate positive or negative perception of the English club members of EDSA (English Department Students Association) toward their club in cognitive, affective and connative components. The population of this research was all members of the EDSA’s English club. The samples were 40 respondents and the instrument was a questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 25 items of three components which covered six variables like materials, activities, coach, schedule, place and English skill improvement. The result shows that 88.2% of the respondents had positive perception toward their English club, far much higher than negative one which was only 11.8%. Therefore, it can be concluded that English club was run well as the members had positive perception toward their club in all of the components
GRICE’S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE VIOLATION IN THE SECOND PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE BETWEEN HILLARY CLINTON AND DONALD TRUMP
Authors: Lodari Yoan , . Kasmaini , Sabarudin Syafrizal
Published: August 2019

The aims of this research were to investigate kinds of maxims violated by the speakers and to investigate possible purposes of violations applied by the speakers. This research was conducted as qualitative descriptive study. The corpus of this research was Second Presidential transcript debate. The transcript was put into a checklist table and analyzed by Grice’s theory of Cooperative Principle. The results of this study showed that both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump violated all maxims, with 75 violations by Hillary Clinton and 174 violations by Donald Trump. The most violated maxim by both speakers was maxim of quantity and the less violated maxim was maxim of manner. Moreover, the result showed the least possible purposes of violation by the speakers was to build positive political image towards hearer
AN ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES APPLIED BY THE MEMBERS OF UKM DEBAT,THE UNIVERSITY OF BENGKULU
Authors: Ayuningrum Atikah , Pulungan Rosnasari , S Syafrizal
Published: August 2019

The research is aimed  at  finding out the politeness  strategies  based on Brown and Levinson politeness strategies theory that used by the members of UKM Debat, the University of Bengkulu when practice debate. The subject of this research was the members of UKM Debat, the University of Bengkulu that consist of eight students. This research was using descriptive qualitative as the methodology and the data were collected by using transcript from video recorder and observation sheet as the instruments. The result of data analysis shows that the debaters use all of politeness strategies but they do not used all sub strategies when practice debate, which is bald on record, positive politeness strategy, negative politeness strategy, and off record. There were 28 utterances that consist of politeness strategy. The debaters mostly applied positive politeness strategy, which occurs 19 times (67,8%). Bald on record and off record occur 4 times (14,3%) and the last is negative politeness strategy which occurs 1 times (3,6%). Positive politeness strategy gets  the  highest  position  in  the  data  because  in  practicing  debate,  all debaters have known each other and have a close relationship
SLIPS OF THE TONGUE MADE BY THE ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM STUDENTS
Authors: S. Naibaho Tri Ayu , Aziz Mazrul , Sembiring Barnabas
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to identify the types of slip of the tongue made by English Education Study Program students of Bengkulu University in their proposal seminar presentation and to identify the dominant type of slip of the tongue made by English Education Study Program students of Bengkulu University in their proposal seminar presentation. The samples of this study were 5 Students English Education Study Program students of Bengkulu University who carry out seminars of each student proposal on February 23rd, 2018 and on April 27th, 2018. The instrument used in this research was the writer herself. The data were collected by using documentary method. To analyze the data, the qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. The results of this research show that there are 60 data which are taken from the proposal seminar presentation of English students. In those data there are 6 of 8 types of slip of the tongue found in students’ presentation; Anticipation, Perseveration, Exchange, Substitution, Addition and Deletion. The dominant type occurred was Substitution
AN ANALYSIS OF THEMATIC PROGRESSION IN THE BACKGROUND SECTION OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ THESIS OF BENGKULU UNIVERSITY IN PERIOD 2017
Authors: Yani Nanik Anjar , Suwarno Bambang , Hati Gita Mutiara
Published: August 2019

The aim of this research was to find out the types and the dominant type of thematic progression in the background section of theses written by undergraduate students of the English Department of Bengkulu University (UNIB) in 2017. The design was descriptive quantitative. The sample consisted of 16 background sections of undergraduate theses, which were chosen randomly. The data were collected by the documentation instrument. The result showed that there were three types of thematic progression, namely, constant theme, linear theme, and split rheme. Furthermore, the linear theme was the dominant type.The order of frequency was as follows: linear theme (50.07%), constant theme (45.81%), and split rheme (4.10%). The conclusion was that all types of thematic progression were used and that the linear theme was the most common in the background section of the UNIB undergaduate theses.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ MASTERY ON LEXICAL COLLOCATION AND THEIR READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Trisviana Wulan , Afriazi Rudi , Hati Gita Mutiara
Published: August 2019

The aims of this research were to find out the correlation between students’ mastery of lexical collocation and their reading comprehension. This research applied correlational study which used quantitative design. The subjects were 66 of the Fifth-Semester Students of English Education Study Program at University of Bengkulu in Academic Year 2018/2019. The data were collected from two instruments: (1) lexical collocation test was used to get data about students’ mastery of lexical collocation and (2) reading comprehension test was used to get data about students’ reading comprehension achievement. The result of the two instruments counted by using Pearson’s Product Moment formula and checked it by using SPSS 22 Program. The conclusion were (1) The result score of lexical collocation test showed that 53% of the students got score over 70, it means that half of the total subject of the students have a good knowledge of collocation especially in lexical collocation. (2) There was high significant correlation between students’ mastery of lexical collocation and their reading comprehension. The result of calculation using Pearson Product moment formula and SPSS 22 Program can be seen in table 4.1 which showed the score of arithmetic r > the score of r table (0,825 > 0,315). It means that Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ENGLISH LEARNING MOTIVATION AND ENGLISH PROFICIENCY ACHIEVEMENT OF ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM STUDENTS
Authors: Purwanti Deborah , Puspita Hilda , . Mulyadi
Published: August 2019

This study is aimed at identifying English learning motivation and English proficiency achievement. Then, the researcher would like to see the correlation between the students’ motivation and their English proficiency achievement. The research was designed as quantitative correlation. Here, a total of 77 students were asked to complete the motivation questionnaire and set in a TOEFL test. The result of this research revealed that the English learning motivation of the students was in ‘high’ category. This can be seen from the grand total of mean 3.59 which indicated high intrinsic motivation as the dominant motivation. While, the scores of English proficiency achievement indicates that the students had ‘medium’ level of English Proficiency, the range score of medium level is 400-499. Another result showed that there was a significant correlation between English learning motivation and English proficiency achievement. It can be proven by rcount (0.346) > rtable (0.224), 5% level of significance; there was a correlation between students with intrinsic motivation and their English proficiency achievement, rcount (0.348) > rtable (0.233); while there was no correlation between students with extrinsic motivation and their English proficiency achievement, rcount (0.307) < rtable (0.811). It means that the correlation between English learning motivation and English proficiency achievement was in ‘weak’ level.
SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO’S SPEECH THE ROLE OF THE MILITARY IN CHANGING THE WORLD: SEMANTIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Harahap Nurlaila Sari , Mono Umar , Tarigan Bahagia
Published: August 2019

Semantic is a branch of linguistics that is focused on the meaning of being used by almost of all people in conveying particular communication purpose. Such in the context of speech, people are tend to choose particular diction or language which may bring different sense or meaning to the hearer. It is thus necessary to study the meaning semantically for preventing misunderstandings in interpreting the meaning. So then this study explored the used of semantic meaning in Susilo Bambang Yudhoyo’s speech entitled “The Role of Military in a Changing World”. This study focused on associative meaning and conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The researcher found that there are 131 utterances in SBY’s speech categorized as associative meaning. The results of this study indicate that the associative meaning in SBY’s speech can be realized through contrastive concept and considering the context it used. Furthermore, it is found that the frequently type of associative meaning used in SBY’s speech was affective meaning in amount of 44%.
Greve de fome nas prisões: a atuação do Estado perante este direito e suas repercussões na saúde
Authors: Burlamaqui Claubert Ruan Lima , Oliveira Iara Katrynne Fonsêca
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo traçar algumas considerações acerca da atuação estatal perante aqueles que, sob sua custódia, iniciaram greve de fome e também discorrer sobre o direito que estes indivíduos detêm em utilizar o próprio corpo como instrumento de manifestação e protesto e os agravos à saúde provocados por esse tipo de manifestação. Para tanto, fez-se um estudo não só sobre os fundamentos que legitimam atuação estatal sobre esses indivíduos, como também sobre os fundamentos que impõe limitações a esse exercício de poder. As considerações aqui apresentadas, oriundas de pesquisas de revisão bibliográfica, permitem analisar a atuação do poder estatal frente aos direitos fundamentais do detento, que inicia greve de fome. Foi possível observar que a abstenção do Estado em intervenções no exercício do direito de livre manifestação cumpre a função de proibir ingerências na esfera jurídica individual, de forma a evitar agressões no âmbito das liberdades individuais. Constatou-se, também, que cabe ao Estado reconhecer ao súdito a capacidade jurídica de atuar em seu favor, colocando-se, aquele, na posição de garantidor dessa prestação. O limite desta são os direitos fundamentais fundada na noção da dignidade da pessoa humana. Quanto aos aspectos relacionados à saúde terão diversas causando e/ou agravando patologias existentes e tendo a idade como um fator influenciador dessa resposta.
Hermenêutica, ensino de humanidades e atuação docente
Authors: Ausani Paulo César , Alves Marcos Alexandre
Published: August 2019

Este artigo analisa, a partir da abordagem hermenêutica, a prática e a atuação docente, como estímulo para o pensamento crítico-reflexivo voltado ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem e o mundo da vida do estudante. Inicialmente, apresenta-se as contribuições de Schleiermacher, que estabeleceu as bases para a fundamentação da hermenêutica como metodologia universal e aplicável à todas as áreas do conhecimento; e de Dilthey que procurou dar um novo sentido metodológico a hermenêutica, voltada mais para a promoção e o desenvolvimento de pesquisas na área das humanidades. Na sequência, expõe-se o pensamento de Gadamer que propôs uma hermenêutica da experiência dialógica e mostra-se o potencial do diálogo hermenêutico na prática e atuação docente. Nesta perspectiva, sustenta-se que o diálogo, na perspectiva da hermenêutica filosófica, na área das humanidades, estimula a autonomia, o pensamento crítico-reflexivo e a atuação responsável dos estudantes. Enfim, a intenção do estudo é mostrar o potencial filosófico/pedagógico do diálogo (pergunta/resposta) que se realiza e abre novas possibilidades de ensino, aprendizagem e compreensão ética do outro.
Cuidado às pessoas com transtorno mental: significados atribuídos por trabalhadores de uma instituição de longa permanência
Authors: Pretto Deise dos Santos , Tisott Zaira Letícia , Freitas Francine Gonçalves , Terra Marlene Gomes , Mello Amanda de Lemos , Pires Fábio Becker , Siqueira Daiana Foggiato de
Published: August 2019

O estudo teve como objetivo conhecer os significados atribuídos sobre cuidado pelos trabalhadores que atuam em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos às pessoas institucionalizadas com transtorno mental. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizadas 19 entrevistas semiestruturada com trabalhadores no período de junho a setembro de 2015, respeitando os princípios éticos do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Da Análise de Temática proposta por Minayo emergiram as categorias: significados atribuídos ao cuidado à pessoa com transtorno mental e significado do cuidado relacionado aos desafios cotidianos. Os resultados evidenciaram percepções de cuidado voltado à humanização, ao incentivo a autonomia das pessoas com transtorno mental e, ainda, um cuidado fundamentado no controle e monitoramento. Evidenciou-se também um despreparo teórico-prático do trabalhador para o cuidado na saúde mental. Conclui-se que o cuidado é percebido pelos trabalhadores da instituição em estudo de modo polissêmico, e, ainda, necessita de aprofundamento teórico-prático no que tange as questões relacionadas à saúde mental.
Aplicação de uma metodologia de análise de falhas em uma indústria de polietileno de baixa densidade
Authors: Maia Rabelo Emanuel Jimmyson , Silva Ananias Freire da
Published: August 2019

Ultimamente as indústrias estão passando por grandes desafios em busca de conquistarem seus lugares no mercado e conseguir mantê-los, saber utilizar de suas falhas para melhorar é algo que gera uma grande vantagem e pode ser usado como um diferencial, os setores de manutenção e produção devem estar alinhados para reduzir o número de ocorrências reincidentes. O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo de campo com o objetivo de implantar uma metodologia de análise de falhas em uma indústria de polietileno de baixa densidade, reduzindo assim o impacto negativo causado pela manutenção. A pesquisa é do tipo exploratória, de caráter quanti-qualitativo. Foi realizado um estudo de caso sobre abordando a utilização de ferramentas de análise e solução de problemas, um exemplo de como são aplicadas e a estrutura do processo de análise, os resultados a partir da aplicação foram otimista e trouxeram a indústria muitas oportunidades de melhoria em seus planos de manutenção, ressaltando assim a importante de manter registros das ocorrência e captar as informações de falhas para serem geradas melhorias a partir de sua análise. Nos meses posteriores a implantação da metodologia os resultados na redução de tempo manutenção no período de julho a outubro foram perceptíveis, saindo de 51,07% para 55,15%, índice de melhoria de OEE em 4,05, com uma tendência de que a cada nova análise surgem oportunidades de melhorar os processos e evitar a perda de OEE.
APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI RAPORT ONLINE (STUDI KASUS: MI DARUL MUTA’ALLIMIEN LEUWILIANG BOGOR)
Authors: Wijasty Fizri Ayu , Utami Lila Dini , Yunandar Rahmat Tri , Priyono Priyono
Published: August 2019

Raport Online merupakan konsep manipulasi data nilai siswa yang dilakukan melalui jaringan media elektronik. Dengan tujuan mendukung proses pemberian nilai terhadap siswa oleh guru dan memberikan kemudahan terhadap guru dalam proses perhitungan nilai melalui sistem yang dibuat. Manfaat pembuatan sistem aplikasi ini adalah sebagai bahan evaluasi terhadap sistem yang sedang berjalan dan menghasilkan suatu informasi yang cepat dan akurat dalam membantu dan memudahkan proses memberikan nilai pada setiap kegiatan ulangan harian hingga ujian akhir semester. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan berwawancara langsung dengan salah satu guru atau wali kelas di MI Darul Muta’allimien, observasi terhadap kegiatan penginputan nilai MI Darul Muta’allimien beserta studi pustaka. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan Sistem Informasi Raport Online Kurikulum 2013 Berbasis Web adalah Waterfall, yang dimulai dengan perencanaan yang tentu saja harus matang, dilanjutkan dengan proses Analisa yang cukup panjang, lalu merancang sistem yang akan dibuat jika telah selesai maka sistem ini siap untuk di implementasikan, setelah implementasi tentu saja ada pemeliharaan sistem yang berkala. Karena sistem akan terus berkembang. Sistem ini akan digunakan oleh para guru di jenjang MI/SD sederajat yang telah menerapkan kurikulum 2013. Tentu saja aplikasi sitem informasi raport online ini akan sangat memudahkan dalam pengolahan nilai pada kurikulum 2013 yang dimana beberapa guru mengeluh perihal pengolahan nilainya.
Mismatch between the proposed ability concepts of the Graduate Record Examination and the critical thinking skills of physical therapy applicants suggested by an expert panel in the United States
Authors: Hughes Emily Shannon
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) is a general examination predictive of success in US-based graduate programs. Used to assess students’ written, mathematical, and critical thinking (CT) skills, the GRE is utilized for admission to approximately 85% of US physical therapist education (PTE) programs. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the CT skills measured by the GRE match those deemed by an expert panel as the most important to assess for PTE program acceptance.Methods: Using a modified E-Delphi approach, a 3-phase survey was distributed over 8 weeks to a panel consisting of licensed US physical therapists with expertise on CT and PTE program directors. The CT skills isolated by the expert panel, based on Facione’s Delphi report, were compared to the CT skills assessed by the GRE.Results: The CT skills supported by the Delphi report and chosen by the expert panel for assessment prior to acceptance into US PTE programs included clarifying meaning, categorization, and analyzing arguments. Only clarifying meaning matched the CT skills from the GRE.Conclusion: The GRE is a test for general admission to graduate programs, lacking context related to healthcare or physical therapy. The current study fails to support the GRE as an assessment tool of CT for admission to PTE programs. A context-based admission test evaluating the CT skills identified in this study should be developed for use in the admission process to predict which students will complete US PTE programs and pass the licensure exam.
Asas Peradilan Sederhana, Cepat, dan Biaya Ringan dalam Gugatan Perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Pamekasan: kajian Putusan Nomor 0862/Pdt.G/2015/PA. Pmk
Authors: Rizal Sofian Syaiful
Published: August 2019

This study aims to analyze court decisions, in divorce lawsuits that use simple, fast and low-cost judicial principles at the Pamekasan Religious Court. The problems that arise from this study are, First, what is the legal foundation of judge in resolving divorce claims in religious courts using simple, fast and low-cost judicial principles? Second, what are the legal considerations of religious courts in examining, hearing, and deciding divorce cases in religious courts? The research method uses a normative juridical approach. The results of the study show that: First, the principle of justice is simple, fast, and low cost refers to Law No. 4 of 2004 concerning Judicial Power article 4 paragraph (2), and article 5 paragraph (2). Also contained in Law No. 7 of 1989 in article 57 paragraph (3), as well as in article 58 paragraph (2). Second: The legal considerations of the extreme religious court in rejecting a divorce lawsuit in a religious court are in accordance with the legal basis of state legislation and syar'i law. Considering, based on the testimonies of the witnesses, that the dispute between the plaintiff and the defendant only happened once, so that it did not meet the criteria of article 19 letter C, namely continuous disputes and arguments so that there was no hope of living in harmony again. Keywords: Judicial Principles, Divorce Lawsuit, Judge's Decision
The Role of Universities in Sustainability-Oriented Competencies Development: Insights from an Empirical Study on Polish Universities
Authors: Sady Monika , Żak Agnieszka , Rzepka Karolina
Published: August 2019

The growing importance of sustainable development constitutes a challenging trend for education. Universities create study programs and organize extracurricular activities in order to prepare future generations of professionals as well as political and social leaders for responsible actions toward sustainable development. The main objective of this article is to investigate how universities in Poland develop educational programs and extracurricular activities to enable students to shape sustainability competencies. The study employed a triangulation of research methods including a literature analysis, desk research analysis of the universities’ educational programs, and quantitative research among students. The findings suggest that Polish universities attempt to shape sustainable development-oriented competencies not only through formal sustainable development education, but also via non-formal activities toward social and environmental challenges. The research results have practical implications for universities and can support the advancement of educational programs related to sustainable development.
Why and How Women in Business Can Make Innovations in Light of the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Demartini Paola
Published: August 2019

In 1999, Amartya Sen wrote, “…women are increasingly seen, by men as well as women, as active agents of change: the dynamic promoters of social transformations that can alter the lives of both women and men” [...]
Special Issue: Aeroelasticity
Authors: Da Ronch Andrea
Published: August 2019

Aeroelasticity belongs to the larger family of fluid-structure interaction problems that are characterized by the interplay between a fluid and deforming body [...]
Integrating Modelling and Expert Knowledge for Evaluating Current and Future Scenario of Large Cardamom Crop in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Sajana , Qamer Faisal Mueen , Matin Mir , Joshi Govinda , Bhuchar Sanjeev
Published: August 2019

Large Cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is one of the most valuable cash crop of the Himalayan mountain region including Nepal, India, and Bhutan. Nepal is the world’s largest producer of the crop while the Taplejung district contributes a 30%–40% share in Nepal’s total production. Large cardamom is an herbaceous perennial crop usually grown under the shade of the Uttis tree in very specialized bioclimatic conditions. In recent years, a decline in cardamom production has been observed which is being attributed to climate-related indicators. To understand the current dynamics of this under-canopy herbaceous crop distribution and its future potential under climate change, a combination of modelling, remote sensing, and expert knowledge is applied for the assessment. The results suggest that currently, Uttis tree cover is 10,735 ha in the district, while 50% (5198 ha) of this cover has a large cardamom crop underneath. When existing cultivation is compared with modelled suitable areas, it is observed that the cultivatable area has not yet reached its full potential. In a future climate scenario, the current habitat will be negatively affected, where mid elevations will remain stable while lower and higher elevation will become infeasible for the crop. Future changes are closely related to temperature and precipitation which are steadily changing in Nepal over time.
Biostimulant Application Enhances Fruit Setting in Eggplant—An Insight into the Biology of Flowering
Authors: Pohl Alicja , Grabowska Aneta , Kalisz Andrzej , Sękara Agnieszka
Published: August 2019

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a warm climate crop. Its cultivation extends to temperate regions where low temperatures can affect the course of the generative phase, which is primarily sensitive to abiotic stress. The novelty of the present investigation consisted of characterising the heterostyly, pollination, and fertilisation biology of eggplants in field cultivations, which provided a basis for explaining the effect of a protective biostimulant on these processes. We aimed to investigate the flowering biology of three eggplant hybrids treated with Göemar BM-86®, containing Ascophylum nodosum extract, to determine the crucial mechanisms behind the increased flowering and fruit set efficiency and the final effect of increased yield. The flower phenotype (long, medium or short styled), fruit setting, and the number of seeds per fruit were recorded during the two vegetation periods. The numbers of pollen tubes and fertilised ovules in ovaries were evaluated during the generative stage of development to characterise the course of pollination and fertilisation for all types of flowers depending on the cultivar and biostimulant treatment. The expression of heterostyly depended on the eggplant genotype, age of the plant, fruit load, and biostimulant treatment. Domination by long-styled flowers was observed, amounting to 41%, 42%, and 55% of all flowers of “Epic” F1, “Flavine” F1, and “Gascona” F1, respectively. This flower phenotype contained the highest number of pollen tubes in the style and the highest number of fertilised ovules. The biostimulant had a positive effect on the flower and fruit set numbers, as well as on the pollination efficiency in all genotypes. Ascophylum nodosum extract could be used as an efficient stimulator of flowering and fruit setting for eggplant hybrids in field conditions in a temperate climatic zone.
Influence of Farming Conditions on the Rumen of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)
Authors: Mason Federico , Fotschki Bartosz , Di Rosso Alessia , Korzekwa Anna
Published: August 2019

The red deer is an intermediate feeder, showing a marked degree of forage selectivity, with seasonal morphological adaptations due to changes in food quality and availability. In captivity, deer have a limited choice of habitat and food, and we hypothesize that this condition affects the rumen environment. Rumen samples were collected from 20 farmed and 11 wild red deer in autumn 2018 in Poland, and analyzed for chemical composition, food residues, microbial population, and rumen papillation. Farmed deer had the highest Campylobacter spp., and total anaerobic bacteria, but lower Clostridium spp. Moreover, they showed a decrease in Diplodininae protozoa, and the presence of holotrichs that were absent in the wild animals. The rumen digesta of farmed animals had lower dry matter and acid detergent fiber than the wild ones. The analysis of food residues underlined the poor variety of the diet for animals in the farm. This apparently affected the papillation of the rumen, with animals of the farm having the shortest papillae of the Atrium ruminis. Overall, results suggest that red deer kept in farms, with a diet based mainly on grass, tree leaves, and some concentrate supplements, undergo a small modification of the rumen compared to the wild conspecifics.
Purified β-glucans of Different Molecular Weights Enhance Growth Performance of LPS-challenged Piglets via Improved Gut Barrier Function and Microbiota
Authors: Luo Junqiu , Chen Daiwen , Mao Xiangbing , He Jun , Yu Bing , Cheng Long , Zeng Dafu
Published: August 2019

This study investigated β-glucan derived from Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 with high (2000 kDa) and low (300 kDa) molecular weight (MW) to compare their effects on growth performance and gut function in LPS-induced weaned piglets. Changes in jejunal morphology, mucosal barrier function, microbial populations, and fermentation in the piglets were determined. Data showed that β-glucan prevented body weight loss in LPS challenged piglets. Supplementation with both β-glucan fractions improved jejunal morphology. Compared to low MW, β-glucan of high MW generally up-regulated transcripts of ZO-1, MUC1, and MUC2 in jejunal mucosa to a lesser extent. Mucosal D-lactate, diamine oxidase, and anti-oxidation index were effectively resumed in β-glucan treatment. Both β-glucan diets provoked the emergence of a balanced microbiota and a richer concentration of volatile fatty acids in the colon. The richest community of bifidobacterium and concentration of butyrate emerged after feeding β-glucan with high MW. Results suggested that the effect of Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 β-glucans on the gut-modulatory function is largely linked to their MW. Low MW β-glucan mainly improved the mucosal barrier function in the jejunum, while high MW β-glucan had profound effects on the microbial community and fermentation in the hindgut of piglets.
Litter Survival Differences between Divergently Selected Lines for Environmental Sensitivity in Rabbits
Authors: Agea Ivan , García María-Luz , Blasco Agustín , Argente María-José
Published: August 2019

A divergent selection experiment on environmental sensitivity was performed in rabbits. The aim was to estimate the correlated response in kit weight and survival, litter weight, and weight distance from birth to weaning. The weight distance was calculated as the absolute value of the differences between the individual value and the mean value of its litter. The relationship between the probability of survival at 4 d of age, and the weight at birth, was studied. Environmental sensitivity was measured as litter size variability. A total of 2484 kits from 127 does from the low line, and 1916 kits of 114 does from the high line of the 12th generation were weighed. Both of the lines showed similar individual and litter weights at birth and weaning, and a similar survival rate at birth, and at 4 d of age. The survival rate at weaning was higher in the low line (0.67 and 0.62; P = 0.93). The weight distance was higher at birth, but lower at weaning in the low line (47.8 g and 54.1 g; P = 0.98). When the weight at birth was high, the kits had a higher survival rate. In conclusion, selection for environmental sensitivity showed a correlated response in the kits’ survival, and in the homogeneity of litter weight at weaning.
Protective Effect of Dietary Taurine from ROS Production in European Seabass under Conditions of Forced Swimming
Authors: Ceccotti Chiara , Al-Sulaivany Basim S.A. , Al-Habbib Omar A.M. , Saroglia Marco , Rimoldi Simona , Terova Genciana
Published: August 2019

Taurine (Tau) is an amino sulfonic acid, which is widely distributed in animal tissues, whereas it is almost lacking in plants with the exception of certain algae, seaweeds, and few others. In the aquafeed industry, Tau is mainly used as a feed additive to promote growth in marine fish species with limited cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase activity. In particular, Tau supplementation is required in feeds in which fishmeal (FM) is substituted with high percentages of plant-derived protein sources such as soybean meals (SBM) that have much lower levels of Tau than FM. In addition to being a growth promoter, Tau exert powerful antioxidant properties being a scavenger of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under sustained swimming conditions, an intracellular increase in ROS production can occur in fish red muscle where the abundance of mitochondria (the main site of ROS formation) is high. Accordingly, this study aimed at investigating the effects of dietary Tau on European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) growth and oxidative stress response induced by swimming exercise. Individually tagged fish of 92.57 ± 20.33 g mean initial weight were fed two experimental diets containing the same low percentage of FM and high percentage of SBM. One diet was supplemented with 1.5% of Tau. Tau supplemented in the diet had a positive effect on fish growth, and enhanced swimming performance and antioxidant status. Two swim endurance tests were performed during the feeding trial. Metabolic oxygen consumption (MO2) was measured during exercise at incremental swimming speeds (0.7, 1.4, 2.1, 2.8, 3.5, and then 4.2 BL (body length) s−1, until fatigue). Fish maximal sustainable swimming speed (Ucrit) was determined too. To investigate the antioxidant effect of dietary Tau, we also measured ROS production in fish blood by RBA (respiratory burst activity) assay and quantified the expression of genes coding for antioxidant enzymes by qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction) , such as SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPX (glutathione peroxidase), and CAT (catalase) in red muscle and liver. There was a significant effect of Tau upon Ucrit during exercise. Additionally, ROS production was significantly lower in fish fed with Tau supplemented diet, supporting the role of Tau as ROS scavenger. The protective effect of Tau against oxidative stress induced by forced swimming was denoted also by a significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes gene expression in fish liver and muscle. Taken together these results demonstrate that Tau is beneficial in low FM-based diets for seabass.
The Perfect Bacteriophage for Therapeutic Applications—A Quick Guide
Authors: Fernández Lucía , Gutiérrez Diana , García Pilar , Rodríguez Ana
Published: August 2019

The alarming spread of multiresistant infections has kick-started the quest for alternative antimicrobials. In a way, given the steady increase in untreatable infectious diseases, success in this endeavor has become a matter of life and death. Perhaps we should stop searching for an antibacterial panacea and explore a multifaceted strategy in which a wide range of compounds are available on demand depending on the specific situation. In the context of this novel tailor-made approach to combating bacterial pathogens, the once forgotten phage therapy is undergoing a revival. Indeed, the compassionate use of bacteriophages against seemingly incurable infections has been attracting a lot of media attention lately. However, in order to take full advantage of this strategy, bacteria’s natural predators must be taken from their environment and then carefully selected to suit our needs. In this review, we have explored the vast literature regarding phage isolation and characterization for therapeutic purposes, paying special attention to the most recent studies, in search of findings that hint at the most efficient strategies to identify suitable candidates. From this information, we will list and discuss the traits that, at the moment, are considered particularly valuable in phages destined for antimicrobial therapy applications. Due to the growing importance given to biofilms in the context of bacterial infections, we will dedicate a specific section to those characteristics that indicate the suitability of a bacteriophage as an antibiofilm agent. Overall, the objective is not just to have a large collection of phages, but to have the best possible candidates to guarantee elimination of the target pathogens.
Hierarchy-Based Competency Structure and Its Application in E-Evaluation
Authors: Ramanauskaitė Simona , Slotkienė Asta
Published: August 2019

The development of information technologies changes the learning process. The amount of publicly available data of e-learning systems allows personalized studies. Therefore, the tutor sometimes is needed for the student’s evaluation and consultation only. To ensure clear evaluation requirements and objective evaluation process, the learning material, as well as the evaluation system, must be discrete and semantically expressed. The list of mastered competencies and skills is more important to the enterprise; therefore, during the last years, the study process has concentrated on competency evaluation too. However, the current practice, when students’ competencies are summarized and expressed as one quantitative metric (score), do not express the list of students’ competencies and their level. To solve the problem, in this paper, we proposed a method for the design of competencies’ tree. The competency tree has to be formatted based on context modeling principles and analysis of Scope-Commonality-Variability. The usage of competency tree for students’ competencies’ evaluation proposes clearly defined and semantically expressed evaluation method for both human and e-learning evaluation process. This paper presents the results of the empirical experiment to adapt the proposed competency tree design and application for competencies’ e-evaluation method, based on flexibility, adaptability, and granularity of learning material.
Clinical and Functional Characterization of a Novel URAT1 Dysfunctional Variant in a Pediatric Patient with Renal Hypouricemia
Authors: Stiburkova Blanka , Bohata Jana , Minarikova Iveta , Mancikova Andrea , Vavra Jiri , Krylov Vladimír , Doležel Zdenek
Published: August 2019

Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is caused by an inherited defect in the main (reabsorptive) renal urate transporters, URAT1 and GLUT9. RHUC is characterized by decreased concentrations of serum uric acid and an increase in its excretion fraction. Patients suffer from hypouricemia, hyperuricosuria, urolithiasis, and even acute kidney injury. We report the clinical, biochemical, and genetic findings of a pediatric patient with hypouricemia. Sequencing analysis of the coding region of SLC22A12 and SLC2A9 and a functional study of a novel RHUC1 variant in the Xenopus expression system were performed. The proband showed persistent hypouricemia (67–70 µmol/L; ref. range 120–360 µmol/L) and hyperuricosuria (24–34%; ref. range 7.3 ± 1.3%). The sequencing analysis identified common non-synonymous allelic variants c.73G > A, c.844G > A, c.1049C > T in the SLC2A9 gene and rare variants c.973C > T, c.1300C > T in the SLC22A12 gene. Functional characterization of the novel RHUC associated c.973C > T (p. R325W) variant showed significantly decreased urate uptake, an irregular URAT1 signal on the plasma membrane, and reduced cytoplasmic staining. RHUC is an underdiagnosed disorder and unexplained hypouricemia warrants detailed metabolic and genetic investigations. A greater awareness of URAT1 and GLUT9 deficiency by primary care physicians, nephrologists, and urologists is crucial for identifying the disorder.
Methodology for Searching Representative Elements
Authors: Murovec Jure , Kušar Janez , Berlec Tomaž
Published: August 2019

Companies have to assure their share on the global market, meet customer demands and produce customer-tailored products. With time and production line updates, the layout becomes non-optimal and product diversity only increases this problem. To stay competitive, they need to increase their productivity and eliminate waste. Due to a variety of products consisting of similar components and variants thereof, a huge number of various elements are encountered in a production process, the material flow of which is hardly manageable. Although the elements differ from each other, their representative elements can be defined. This paper will illustrate a methodology for searching representative elements (MIRE), which is a combination of the known Pareto’s analysis (also known as ABC analysis or 20/80 rule) and a calculation of a loading function, that can be based on any element feature. Results of using the MIRE methodology in a case from an industrial environment have shown that the analysis can be carried out within a very short time and this provides for permanent analysis, optimisation and, consequently, permanent improvement in the material flow through a production process. The methodology is most suitable for smaller companies as it enables rapid analysis, especially in cases when there is no pre-recorded material flow.