bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Activity Recognition in an Open World
Authors: Prijatelj Derek S. , Grieggs Samuel , Huang Jin , Du Dawei , Shringi Ameya , Funk Christopher , Kaufman Adam , Robertson Eric , Scheirer Walter J.
Published: December 2024

Managing novelty in perception-based human activity recognition (HAR) is critical in realistic settings to improve task performance over time and ensure solution generalization outside of prior seen samples. Novelty manifests in HAR as unseen samples, activities, objects, environments, and sensor changes, among other ways. Novelty may be task-relevant, such as a new class or new features, or task-irrelevant resulting in nuisance novelty, such as never before seen noise, blur, or distorted video recordings. To perform HAR optimally, algorithmic solutions must be tolerant to nuisance novelty, and learn over time in the face of novelty. This paper 1) formalizes the definition of novelty in HAR building upon the prior definition of novelty in classification tasks, 2) proposes an incremental open world learning (OWL) protocol and applies it to the Kinetics datasets to generate a new benchmark KOWL-718, 3) analyzes the performance of current stateof-the-art HAR models when novelty is introduced over time, 4) provides a containerized and packaged pipeline for reproducing the OWL protocol and for modifying for any future updates to Kinetics. The experimental analysis includes an ablation study of how the different models perform under various conditions as annotated by Kinetics-AVA. The code may be used to analyze different annotations and subsets of the Kinetics datasets in an incremental open world fashion, as well as be extended as further updates to Kinetics are released.
Analyse des déterminants du comportement alimentaire au prisme des motivations en vue d’une éducation à l’alimentation
Authors: HYEONGYEONG Kim , ARBOIX-CALAS France , LANGE Jean-Marc
Published: December 2024

La nature complexe du fait alimentaire nécessite un modèle intégrateur du comportement alimentaire. Cette étude a pour objectif d’examiner la pertinence d’un modèle basé sur une théorie des systèmes de motivation pour élaborer un modèle complexe du comportement alimentaire s’inscrivant dans un paradigme éducatif. Une étude quantitative et transversale a été menée, destinée à un public composé d’étudiants (n=89) qui fréquentent la restauration universitaire. Les items mesurant trois différents systèmes de motivation ont fait l’objet d’une analyse en composantes principales. Les résultats ont montré que les trois systèmes de motivation – sécurisation (SM1), innovation (SM2) et addiction (SM1p) – et leurs relations s’identifient et se distinguent avec une cohérence interne dans chaque système. Ces résultats pourraient déboucher sur un outil éducatif visant à la prise de conscience de l’individu sur ses propres motivations et à l’autonomie dans ses comportements.
Information potential and representativeness of reviews of provinces and regions for studying the dynamics of development of Siberian cities at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries
Authors:   Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Rygalova Maria V. ,   Altai State University, Bryukhanova Elena A. ,   Altai State University, Ivanova Natalia P. ,   Altai State University
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a comprehensive analysis and representativeness of reviews of provinces and regions of Siberia during 1895-1914 with the aim of expanding the source base for the study of urban history during this period. The chronological framework was chosen in order to provide the possibility of comparing and supplementing information from the 1897 Сensus about the population of Siberian cities, as well as studying the process of urban modernization. Reviews of provinces as a source of historical information are accessible. They are digitized and presented on the website of the State Public Historical Library and on the websites of other electronic libraries. In addition, the information in the reviews is comprehensive. They include data on city revenues and expenditures; population size and class composition, religion; industry; handicraft production; medical, educational, charitable, cultural institutions; trade; city infrastructure. However, among historians there are controversial views on the information potential and reliability of the source. The first part of the article presents the points of view available in historiography on this issue. Among the
problems and factors that influence the potential unreliability of provincial reviews are different data collection programs in different years and in different territories, primitive methods of processing them, incompleteness, unclear forms of tables, and constant changes in their structure. The advantages of reviews include the possibility of obtaining a chronological slice of data for a particular territory or industry, accessibility, structured data (statistical tables), extensive information base of sources from which reviews were compiled, volumes and degree of detail of the materials provided. Reviews of eight provinces and regions of Siberia for 1895-1914 are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about the degree of their information content and representativeness. Namely, the information in the sources is presented unevenly: for the province as a whole (in the section on trade), for cities in total (about the population, educational institutions), separately for each city (city incomes and expenses, medical and charitable institutions, cultural institutions, industrial enterprises). Data on handicraft production and urban infrastructure were published in fragments. The most representative in the study of urban history are reviews of the Amur, Primorsky, and Yakut regions.
PERIODIC MULTIPLICATIVE ARITHMETIC FUNCTIONS
Authors:   Gorno-Altaisk State University, Kaigorodov E. V.
Published: December 2024

The notions of a periodic multiplicative function, the main modulus of such function, and the simplest periodic multiplicative function have been introduced. The basic properties of periodic multiplicative functions are studied, and a complete description of such functions through Dirichlet characters is given. In particular, it has been proven that any periodic multiplicative function other than unitary can be uniquely represented as a product of the simplest periodic multiplicative functions, and the principal modules of such functions are powers of prime numbers, the product of which is the canonical decomposition of the principal module of the original function. Based on this representation, the study of periodic multiplicative functions is reduced to the study of the simplest periodic multiplicative functions. The obtained results lead to a complete description of periodic multiplicative functions.
DISCOVERY OF INFINITE FAMILIES OF OPTIMAL DOUBLE-LOOP NETWORKS WITH A GIVEN TEMPLATE OF GENERATORS
Authors:   Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SB RAS, Monakhova E. A. , Monakhov O. G. ,   Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SB RAS
Published: December 2024

Optimal ring circulant networks of degree four are considered as models of reliable communication networks with minimal delays for networks on a chip and multiprocessor cluster systems. Based on the analysis of a data set of optimal descriptions of double-loop networks, a search has been carried out for analytically determined infinite families of optimal graphs. By integrating data visualization and analytical descriptions of optimal graphs, new infinite families of optimal networks with a linear generator of the form s = 4d + α, where d is the diameter of the graph, have been constructed and theoretically justified. The proposed approach to obtaining families of optimal networks is new and is of interest for further studies of the properties of optimal double-loop networks
AN EARTHLY PARADISE: NAPLES IN THE ACCOUNTS OF RUSSIAN TRAVELLERS AT THE TURN OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors:   Tomsk State University, BOTTESCHI C.
Published: December 2024

The impressions of Russian travellers regarding the Italian region of Campania, the russkaya "neapolitana ”, are the subject of several studies that not only systematically catalogue the works of Russian intellectuals, artists and aristocrats, starting from the eighteenth century onwards, but also present an indepth critical examination aimed at incorporating Russian diaries, memoirs, short stories and poems into the extensive literature about travelling around Italy. In the panorama of literature regarding travelling around Italy, Naples undoubtedly occupies a central position, being the highpoint of a trip to the “Land of Lemons”, a distorted mirror of the myth of Italy for foreign travellers, who would virtually always reach the South at the end of their journey. The Neapolitan locus appears in a double guise - as a lively land, rich in wonders and a source of marvels as well as a place of filth, cowardice and extreme misery, sharply contrasting with the radiant serenity of its inhabitants. It was this antithesis that struck a great number of Russian travellers who journeyed to Naples from the eighteenth century onwards. In fact, for almost all of them, this city represented something “out of the ordinary”. The image of Naples and its surroundings, conveyed by memoirs, travel diaries, various descriptions and views, emphasises a vibrant dimension, an effect of extraordinariness, and the quirky cheerfulness of Neapolitans in the face of life’s adversities from extreme poverty to the ever-present apocalyptic threat in the shape of Mount Vesuvius, a paradigmatic challenge that captivates the foreign visitor. The accounts of Russian travellers about Naples and its surroundings intensified in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article examines a selection of memoirs recorded in the travelogues of a number of Russian “tourists” (P.P. Muratov, N.A. Lukhmanova, S.S. Glagol’ (Goloushev), V.V. Rozanov, M.A. Osorgin, M.V. Dobuzhinskiy, I.A. Bunin, V.V. Veydle), who, being enchanted by the Gulf of Naples, mapped its cultural and interpretative “geography”. While the red thread of the russkaya "neapolitana ” is essentially the inherently Russian perception of the Campania felix, where the expanse of the Gulf of Naples is perceived as a mirage to aspire to, despite the looming threat of Mount Vesuvius, each of the Russian travellers mentioned in this article contributes to the creation of an image of Naples and its surroundings that seeks to transcend the Romantic and Decadent cliches of “paradise vs hell”, as well as to provide the Russian reader with a cultural insight into the Neapolitan way of life and customs. From an imagological perspective, this part of Italy is regarded, described and narrated via the cognitive spectrum of the “outsider”, yet mediated at the same time by a somewhat deeper factual knowledge of the genuine Neapolitan life. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
Review of Management of Coronary Artery Perforation
Authors: Grzegorz Sobieszek , Paweł Warzyszak , Bartosz Zięba
Published: December 2024

Percutaneous coronary angioplasty can be associated with a number of complications. The most dangerous and fatal for patients is coronary artery perforation. In most cases, this damage is caused by direct damage to the vessel shear with the instruments used, such as balloons, stents, or guidewires. Treatment can be difficult, especially when standard methods are inadequate. This review presents the most important techniques used in the treatment of coronary artery perforations.
Los brindis obreros en La lira popular chilena: A la salud de las clases populares
Authors: Alba Ramírez David
Published: December 2024

In the following work, an approach of one of the typical poetic manifestations of Chilean popular culture —toasts— is presented. These toasts, taken from some sheets known as Lira popular chilena, were very common at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, when these publications had their greatest boom. In it, these toasts are compared with other similar compositions produced in other parts of the world, as well as the survival of this tradition to the present day.
THE MAGIC OF DYLAN THOMAS' POETIC SYMPHONIES AND TRANSLATION-ORCHESTRATING
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kolomiyets Lada
Published: December 2024

Background.The article focuses on the poetic structure of three poems by the Welsh-English-speaking poet Dylan Thomas and the possibility of their reproduction in Ukrainian verse translation.

Methods.The melody of Thomas's poems "Clown and The Moon", "Light Breaks Where No Sun Shines", and "The Conversation of Prayer" is analyzed in detail. Thanks to the skillful construction, these works have a distinct, unique mood atmosphere.

Results. The author of the article self-analyzes her own translation of these outstanding poems of Thomas, written in different periods, the Ukrainian renditions of which have not yet been published for the general public. All three analyzed poems, like Thomas' works in general, are united by the theme of love, struggle for light and the great gift of life symbolized by it. The line-by-line strophic analysis of the selected poems reveals not only the complex rhythmic-sound construction of these works, but also the multifaceted content-thematic structure. Each of the analyzed poems-metaphors is interpreted and, accordingly, translated in the inseparable unity of its two plans: spiritual-ideal and sensual-material, adhering to the versification structure of the original works.

Conclusion.The discussion in the article proves that their symbolism is built on the interweaving and interaction of antithetical images and concepts. This symbolism relies on sound echoes, which cannot all be translated in each and every detail. The sound reverberation in Thomas's poems is far from being exhausted by rhymes (inline alliteration, assonances and dissonances are also added to them). The vital energy of Thomas's poetic language, capable of raising the human spirit to cosmic heights, affirms the value of life even in moments of sadness, because in life there is human warmth, care for loved ones, the light of hope and love. Deeply traumatized and unprotected from the barrage of negative information, the consciousness of our contemporaries today needs therapy with the works of Dylan Thomas more than the contemporaries of the poet himself needed it.
Ambisonics Room Impulse Response Estimation From a Single Omnidirectional Measurement Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Yu Wangyang , Kleijn Bastiaan
Published: December 2024

Mapping a room impulse response (RIR) to its Ambisonics representation is not always feasible. However, by adding a weak assumption (i.e., the existence of at least two perpendicular walls in the environment), the Ambisonics representation is restricted to be one of a finite set, with known transformations between the set entries. This makes mapping the omnidirectional RIR to the Ambisonics RIR (ARIR) possible. The authors solve the mapping problem with a convolutional neural network and multi-task variational autoencoder. The room is assumed to be rectangular. The proposed method is based on the image source method with frequency independent reflection coefficients exclusively. The authors focus on the early part of RIRs, where the directional information lies. This method requires only a single RIR. Generalizing to the real world, measurements can obviate the need for specialized hardware for Ambisonics measurement. The proposed method can achieve an SNR of 17.62 dB on estimated first-order ARIRs and 16.15 dB on estimated third-order ARIRs.
Doğum deneyimi ile kolonoskopi ağrısı ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Tahtacı Mustafa , Köseoğlu Hüseyin , Tayfur Yürekli Öykü , Türkan Canan , Akın Fatma Ebru , Demirezer Bolat Aylin , Büyükaşık Naciye Şemnur , Başaran Murat , Ersoy Osman
Published: December 2024

Giriş ve Amaç: Sedasyon altında olmayan kolonoskopi işleminde hastalar ağrı duyabilmektedir. Çalışmamızda doğum öyküsünün kolonoskopi ağrısı üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya kolonoskopi işlemi sırasında sedasyon uygulanmayan, normal doğum öyküsü olan 35 olgu ve doğum öyküsü olmayan 35 olgu dahil edildi. Olgular sırasıyla Grup 1 ve Grup 2 olarak sınıflandırıldı. Tüm olguların yaş, vücut kitle indeksi ve abdominal operasyon öyküsü kaydedildi. Tüm olgularda çekum entübasyon süresi, toplam işlem süresi, işlem öncesi anksiyete düzeyleri ve işlem sonrası vizüel analog skor değerleri kaydedildi. Vizüel analog skorun 75 mm üzerinde olması şiddetli ağrı olarak tanımlandı. Bulgular: Grup 2’de Grup 1’e göre yaş ve vücut kitle indeksi ortalaması anlamlı düşük, çekum entübasyon süresi ve vizüel analog skor ortalaması anlamlı yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla; p = 0.000, p = 0.001, p = 0.008, p = 0.000). Doğum öyküsünün olmaması şiddetli ağrı için anlamlı risk faktörü olarak saptandı (Odds oranı: 8.17; %95 güven aralığı: 2.68-24.93). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda doğum yapmamış olgularda vizüel analog skor anlamlı yüksek bulundu. Doğum öyküsünün olmaması kolonoskopi işleminin ağrılı olabileceğinin bir göstergesi olabilir. Bu olgularda sedasyonlu kolonoskopi tercih edilebilir.
Variabilidad estadística de las propiedades generales y microelementos en un transecto de un suelo de viñedo
Authors: Varela Vila Irene , Paz González Antonio , Lado Liñares Marcos , Vidal Vázquez Eva , Sarti Gabriela Cristina
Published: December 2024

Las propiedades del suelo pueden presentar una importante variabilidad espacial entre muestras vecinas. En los suelos agrícolas es necesario evaluar la presencia de potenciales factores limitantes de la producción y la variabilidad de los mismos. En este trabajo se analizó la variabilidad estadística de las principales propiedades generales y micronutrientes en un suelo de viñedo, a lo largo de un transecto de pequeñas dimensiones. En dicho transecto, ubicado en una finca de la Denominación de Origen Ribeiro, se tomaron 65 muestras, a intervalos de 0,8 m. Se estudiaron las siguientes propiedades generales: textura, pH, materia orgánica y atributos del complejo de cambio. Además, se analizaron las concentraciones totales y las extraídas con las soluciones Mehlich 3 y DTPA de los micronutrientes Fe, Mn, Cu y Zn. La textura osciló entre franca y franco-arenosa. Se obtuvo un pH medio de 5,30, un contenido medio en materia orgánica de 2,31% y una capacidad de intercambio catiónico media de 7,56 cmol(+)kg-1. Los coeficientes de variación (CV) de las fracciones arena, limo y arcilla, el pH, la materia orgánica y la capacidad de intercambio catiónico se consideran bajos, con valores inferiores al 10 %, mientras las restantes propiedades presentaron CVs medios, inferiores al 20%. Las concentraciones de micro elementos totales y extraídos con Mehlich 3 decrecieron de acuerdo con la secuencia: Fe > Mn > Cu > Zn; sin embargo, tras la extracción con DTPA se ordenaron de acuerdo con: Fe > Cu > Mn > Zn. Se comprobó que la acumulación de Cu es el principal factor limitante para la producción vitícola. Además, se puso en evidencia un desequilibrio de la relación Mg/K en algunos segmentos del transecto. El pH y la materia orgánica presentaron valores relativamente bajos, si bien no se consideran limitante, por lo que se recomienda corregir la acidez e incrementar el uso de abonos orgánicos. En definitiva, el diseño experimental empleado permitió evaluar el estado del suelo de viñedo estudiado y conocer las propiedades edáficas que pueden actuar como barreras que limitan la producción.
Evaluation of different gels and poultices to chemically remove graffiti from a Lioz limestone (Lisbon, Portugal)
Authors: Jiménez Desmond Daniel , Pozo-Antonio José Santiago
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, graffiti paintings have become an artistic manifestation under the label of «Street Art». However, there are still many cases where its application is carried out with vandalic purposes. If we consider historical buildings, they cause an aesthetic alteration and jeopardise the long-term preservation of the stone used. This is why their removal is seen as necessary. In doing so, multiple factors must be considered, such as the stone substrate properties, the composition of the paint, and the cleaning method selected as all of them will determine the effectiveness of the graffiti removal.
For this purpose, a study was carried out based on the removal of graffiti paint from a Lioz limestone. This is a stone widely used in the architectural heritage of Lisbon (Portugal). In this article, the effectiveness on the removal of two kinds of spray paints (silver and black), commonly used in this type of vandalism, was evaluated. Different gels and poultices used in heritage conservation were compared as cleaning agents. The aim was to evaluate their effectiveness in terms of graffiti removal, leaving the minimum amount of residues on the surface of the stone. Regardless of the paint, the greatest cleaning level was achieved with gels, mainly with Nevek®. However, further research must be conducted to avoid remains of the cleaning vehicles and chemical contamination.
First insights into the diet of the Atlas brown bear: evidence from Ifri Oussaïd Cave (Middle Atlas, Morocco)
Authors: García-Vázquez Ana , Oujaa Aïcha , Iken Shaymae , Grandal d'Anglade Aurora
Published: December 2024

This study presents the first isotopic evidence of the palaeodiet of the extinct Atlas bear, based on remains recovered from Ifri Oussaïd cave in the Middle Atlas Mountains of Morocco. Comparative isotopic analysis with Holocene brown bears from Europe suggests an omnivorous diet with a notable intake of animal protein, in contrast to more herbivorous populations such as Holocene Cantabrian bears, although these conclusions should be taken with caution, as there is no local baseline with which to compare. This bear likely inhabited a closed, humid forest environment, with C3 plants at the base of the trophic chain. The calibrated radiocarbon dating places this individual shortly after the 8.2 kyr BP cooling event, during a period characterised by slightly warmer temperatures and greater arboreal vegetation compared to present-day conditions in the area.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA BRAND FAN PAGE USAGE AND ENGAGEMENT ON CONSUMER PURCHASE INTENTION: THE MEDIATING AND MODERATING ROLE OF BRAND LOYALTY
Authors: Ocak Altuğ
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of brand fan page usage and engagement on social media platforms on consumer purchase intentions, with a focus on the mediating and moderating roles of brand loyalty. Utilizing a survey conducted with 411 participants who are active users of social media and follow brand fan pages, this research provides comprehensive insights into how these variables interact to influence consumer behavior.

The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) results reveal that both brand fan page usage and engagement significantly enhance brand loyalty, which in turn positively influences purchase intention. Additionally, brand loyalty plays a dual role: it mediates the relationship between fan page interactions and purchase intentions, and it also moderates these relationships, strengthening the positive impact of fan page interactions on purchase intentions. These findings align with and extend previous research, providing a more nuanced understanding of the role of brand loyalty in social media marketing.

The study contributes to the theoretical literature by integrating the roles of brand loyalty as both a mediator and moderator in the context of social media engagement and consumer purchasing behavior. Practically, the findings suggest that marketers should focus on strategies that encourage both usage of and active engagement with brand fan pages to build and sustain brand loyalty, which in turn drives purchase intentions. The critical role of brand loyalty highlights its importance not only in fostering a positive relationship with the brand but also in enhancing the effectiveness of social media marketing efforts.
SERBEST ÇALIŞMA PORTALI TABANLI GİG EKONOMİSİ HİZMET APLİKASYONLARINA YÖNELİK TÜKETİCİLERİN DAVRANIŞSAL NİYETLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Ersoy Yıldırım Ayşe
Published: December 2024

Gig ekonomisi, ilk olarak 2009 yılında ortaya çıkan hem gelir hem de gelirin kaynağı açısından hızlı ve ölçeklenebilir bir büyüme gösteren bir kavramdır. Hizmet aplikasyonları üzerinden hizmet sağlayıcıların, müşterilerine sunduğu geçici ve kısa süreli işler için gig ekonomisine olan talebin artışıyla gig hizmet ekonomisindeki gelişmeler tüketici davranışlarına da yansımaktadır. Tüketicilerin fiili davranışlarına yol açan tüm standart faktörler yanında gig aplikasyonlarının tercih edilmesinde önem arz eden faktörler de incelenmesi gereken bir konudur. Bu bağlamda tüketicilerin davranışsal niyetlerine etki eden unsurlar bu çalışma ile incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışma, hizmetlerde hızla büyüyen bir iş modeli olarak gig ekonomisine olan artan ilginin, dijital platformlarda hizmet aplikasyonlarına yönelik tüketici tutumlarının ve tüketicilerin davranışsal niyetlerinin anlaşılmasına odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmada gig hizmet ekonomisi ile tüketicilerin davranışsal niyetleri ve tüketici eğilimlerine yer verilmiştir. 419 katılımcının yer aldığı çalışmada, tüketicileri Gig hizmet platformlarına yönlendiren faktörler teknoloji kabul modeli yardımıyla, tüketici bakış açıları ise davranışsal niyet ölçeği yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Çalışmada hedonik motivasyon, kolaylaştırıcı koşullar, alışkanlık ve çaba beklentisi boyutlarının davranış niyet düzeyini pozitif yönde artırıcı etkiye sahip olduğu yönünde bulgular elde edilmiştir. Performans beklentisi, sosyal etki ve fiyat değeri düzeylerinin davranışsal niyet düzeyini anlamlı şekilde etkilemediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Davranışsal niyete etki eden önemli faktörün hedonik motivasyon olduğu bunu sırası ile kolaylaştırıcı koşullar, alışkanlık ve çaba beklentisi boyutlarının takip ettiği tespit edilmiştir.
Dorchester Institution
Authors: Leblanc Michael
Published: December 2024

Contribution to the dialogue on Canada’s federal penitentiary system and the need for penal reform.
Port Cartier Institution
Authors: Anonymous Prisoner 7 *
Published: December 2024

Contribution to the dialogue on Canada’s federal penitentiary system and the need for penal reform.
Beaver Creek Institution
Authors: Anonymous Prisoner 12 *
Published: December 2024

Contribution to the dialogue on Canada’s federal penitentiary system and the need for penal reform.
ALFREDO MARTÍNEZ EXPÓSITO. Disidencia e hipernormalización: Ensayos sobre sexualidad y masculinidades. Barcelona: Icaria, 2021. 270 pp.
Authors: Pérez Jorge
Published: December 2024

Reseña de Disidencia e hipernormalización: Ensayos sobre sexualidad y masculinidades de Alfredo Martínez Expósito.
ENRIQUETA ZAFRA. Lazarillo de Tormes. A Graphic Novel. Illus. Jesús Mora. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2021. xv + 124 pp.
Authors: Nagtegaal Jennifer
Published: December 2024

Reseña de Lazarillo de Tormes. A Graphic Novel de Enriqueta Zafra.
Revitalizing Ijtihād and Ittibāʾ in Abdul Hamid Hakim’s Works: A Study of Intellectual Reforms Within Islamic Legal Theory
Authors: Fanani Ahwan , Baroroh Umul , Hamzani Achmad Irwan
Published: December 2024

Uṣūl fiqh played an important role in the discussion of fiqh, but it is no longer applied for legal deduction due to the prevalent idea of taqlīd (imitation). The taqlīd hinders Islamic the scholars from referring to the Quran and sunnah directly. Abdul Hamid Hakim's efforts to revitalize ijtihād (independent reasoning) and ittibāʾ (evidence based accaptance) have brought new nuances to uṣūl fiqh. This paper aims to describe the thoughts of ijtihād and ittibāʾ in the works of Hakim and to reveal the influence of Islamic renewal. This paper is based on literature research using qualitative methods with a historical approach. This research shows that the uṣūl fiqh works of Hakim are written with an applicative approach. He arranges his works as teaching materials for beginners to advanced students. The idea of revitalizing ijtihād and encouraging ittibāʾ in Hakim’s works resonated Islamic renewal idea in the early 20th century, marked by the creed of returning to the Quran and sunnah and the opening the ijtihād door. Hakim’s works have contributed to the development of Islamic legal thought in Indonesia, which influenced subsequent efforts to reform Islamic law in the country.
Jurisprudential Welfare Through the Transformation of the “Rendang-Mu” Qurban Meat Management System
Authors: Hayati Mardiyan , Budiman Mamdukh , Wijaya Mirza Mahbub , Masuwd Mowafg
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the values of benefit from the perspective of Islamic law regarding the transformation of qurban meat management through the Rendang-Mu program within the Lembaga Amil Zakat Infaq Shadaqah Muhammadiyah (LAZISMU) in the Central Java region, Indonesia. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques involved snowball and purposive sampling, with analysis conducted using the maqasid al-Shariah theory by al-Shatibi. The findings indicate that the Rendang-Mu Program represents a transformation in the pattern of meat management and distribution, implementing a system of qurban meat management through canning and packaging with three essential benefits that facilitate and enhance its utility: (1) prolonged consumption and distribution over an extended period, (2) practical, delicious, and nutritious, (3) more evenly distributed reach, (4) high flexibility in achieving community food security, and (5) compliance with Islamic law.
Islam and Scholarship Tradition: Historical Trajectories and Future Challenges of Modernity
Authors: Fadel Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Various forms of modernity that appear in phenomena of secularism, capitalism, and democracy have been penetrating Muslim lives. These social, economic, and political phenomena not only bring opportunities for a human betterment but also challenges to Islamic tradition and community. Muslim scholars and prominent figures offer different ways of how to deal with modernity and its challenges, ranging from adopting modernity while disregarding Islamic tradition, clinging to Islamic tradition and rejecting modernity, to selecting useful aspects of modernity and Islam to adapt to new circumstances. In this regard, this paper aims to address the question of what the modern challenges are, how Islam and Muslims deal with them, and what aspects of Islamic tradition that can be adopted to navigate multiple challenges of modernity. Through a critical reading of contemporary studies on religion and modernity and an analysis of Islamic scholarship and legal tradition, this paper argues that Islamic traditional scholarships provide Muslims with reliable tools to address challenges of modernity through the spirit of epistemic responsibility, Islamic virtues which includes honesty, respect for evidence, and acting for the benefit of others, civic virtue, and critical thinking skills.
Navigating Compliant Agency in Cyberspace: Muslim Womanhood Through the Lens of Oki Setiana Dewi
Authors: Luthfia Asya Dwina
Published: December 2024

In contrast to the stereotype that docile Muslim women are confined to domestic roles, this study examines how Muslim womanhood can balance economic independence with adherence to religious and societal expectations. Focusing on the case of Indonesian ustadzah (Islamic preacher) Oki Setiana Dewi, this research explored her agency as expressed through her Instagram activity. Cultivating the compliant agency, this article asserts that consciously adhering to religious values preserves patriarchal expectations while gaining authority and financial freedom. This study utilized qualitative content analysis, collecting data from Oki’s Instagram account using "Instalouder" and analyzing captions with "Voyant Tools" to identify recurring themes. Oki's persona conforms to what society expects of women. She portrays herself as a devout Ustadzah, a prosperous entrepreneur, and a mother who is dedicated to her kids. This illustrates cyberspace as a place where women preserve traditional norms as well as a space for them to express their agency. It fosters a duality of cyberspace that is both empowering and constraining. This raises critical issues that Oki's narrative, while seemingly empowering, reinforces patriarchal norms that confine women to domestic and religious obligations, even to their agency. In other words, her portrayal emphasizes the ability to balance public and private roles but leaves room for questioning the societal structures that enforce these expectations. It raises critical questions about whether such an agency disrupts or perpetuates systemic inequalities in Indonesia's gendered social landscape.
Inclusive, Exclusive, Didactic: Typologies of Islamic Thought on Apostasy in Muhammadiyah
Authors: Huda Sholihul , Qodir Zuly , Muthohirin Nafik , Warsidi Warsidi
Published: December 2024

This study explored the typologies of Islamic thought among Muhammadiyah elites in East Java concerning the discourse on apostasy. Responses vary, with the inclusive view treating apostasy as a private matter between the individual and God, a basic human right with no legal consequences, supported by the Qur'an and the 1945 Constitution. The exclusive view, however, sees apostasy as a public offense, where freedom of choice is conditional and legal repercussions are necessary. The didactic perspective understands apostasy as a moral error, best addressed through education and compassionate guidance to encourage a return to Islam. The findings indicate a dominant trend towards inclusive views but reveal inconsistencies, as elites may express inclusive views on religious freedom while adopting exclusive stances on legal aspects of apostasy. Despite these differences, all maintain a didactic approach when dealing with apostasy within families. This study underscored the dynamic nature of Islamic thought in Muhammadiyah, challenging the perception of rigidity and highlighting the influence of diverse sociological and intellectual backgrounds.
Stabilizing Economic Growth Since Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence from OIC Country
Authors: Ariyani Diyah , Waharini Faqiatul Mariya
Published: December 2024

This research investigated how the government stabilized its economy in terms of government spending during the global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also tried to identify whether there is a difference in the amount of government spending from the aspect of government spending before the global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic and after the global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. The data covered all members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) spread across 4 continents. In looking at which factors affect economic growth, multiple linear regression is used, and a comparative test is carried out by conducting a Different Paired Sample T-Test. After testing in this study, researchers found that there were differences in government policies in terms of government spending carried out before the global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic and after the global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. The independent variables used in the study had a significant positive influence except for the population. This research also shows that the government's efforts to maintain economic growth by increasing government spending are policies that have been implemented globally. This research is expected to provide recommendations for policies that can be implemented by the government in an effort to stabilize the economy, including increasing per capita income, increasing the human development index, and increasing trade activities abroad and domestically.
Predicting Muslim Female Customer Retention Through Islamic Marketplace Attractiveness
Authors: Riofita Hendra
Published: December 2024

This study aims to employ Islamic marketplace attractiveness to predict Muslim female customer retention and price attributes to trigger the predictor effect to encourage Islamic marketplaces to lead Indonesian e-commerce. The data were processed with SPSS and Amos programs and collected through the questionnaire filled in by 407 respondents taken using purposive, snowball, and non-probable sampling methods in a survey conducted for 2 months. The respondents were Muslim female customers who had experience purchasing fashion products in Islamic marketplaces.  The Findings show that Islamic marketplace attractiveness is the predictor of Muslim female customer retention. Meanwhile, price attributes partially trigger the Islamic marketplace attractiveness effect on Muslim female customer retention.  The findings are insights from Indonesia for developing countries, especially for Muslim developing countries, to encourage Islamic marketplaces to lead e-commerce, especially for their digital economic growth, by predicting Muslim female customer retention.  All research constructs can implement the Theory of Reasoned Action in an e-commerce context. Since the theory reveals that behavior is determined by a predictor, Islamic marketplace attractiveness is the predictor of Muslim female customer retention on Islamic marketplaces. Meanwhile, price attributes are the trigger for the predictor effect on Muslim female customer retention.
Can Halal Tourism in Lombok be Sustainable? A Case Study of Stakeholder Perspective
Authors: Puput Yanita Senja  , Wahyu Dian Silviani  , Syed Muhammad Abdul Rehman Shah
Published: December 2024

This study explores the potential of Indonesia, particularly Lombok, as a leading halal tourism destination. Despite being ranked first in the Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI) by 2023, Indonesia has yet to meet its target of attracting 25% of foreign tourists as Muslims by 2022. Lombok plays a key role in this vision, yet stakeholders hold divergent views on the sustainability of halal tourism there. Discussions on the business and environmental aspects of halal tourism, with respect to stakeholder synergy and innovation, are still limited. This research aims to examine how stakeholders perceive halal tourism in Lombok and the ways in which they collaborate and innovate to ensure its sustainability. A qualitative approach was employed, using a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five purposively selected stakeholders, chosen for their significant involvement in sustaining halal tourism. The data were analysed using Atlas.ti software to ensure accurate representation. Findings reveal contrasting stakeholder views on the future of halal tourism in Lombok. While some support it for its uniqueness, others express concerns about possible restrictions and favour alternative tourism types. For sustainability, stakeholder synergy and innovation are essential. Key measures include creating direct flight routes from Muslim-majority countries, fostering local partnerships, and promoting environmental and business sustainability. Additionally, government-driven initiatives like international events and halal certification could attract more tourists, while education and training would empower local communities.
Thyroid storm in patient with uncontrolled hyperthyroid: a case-report
Authors: Kinasih Komang Vika Nariswari Ratna , Wulandari Dewi Catur , Jaya I. Putu Parwata
Published: December 2024

Hyperthyroidism is a clinical condition which arise due to an increase of synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormone (TH) by the thyroid gland, and may lead to hyperthyroid crisis or thyroid storm which is a life-threatening emergency condition. Sudden discontinuation of anti-thyroid drugs influences the occurrences of thyroid storm. A 29-years-old female patient come to the emergency department with complaint of shortness of breath, cough, body weight loss, and palpitation. During hospitalization period, patient experienced symptoms of palpitation and seizure. The Burch-Wartofsky criteria score was ≥45 which consistent with thyroid storm. A multidisciplinary team approach is important in treating patient with thyroid storm.
The significance of nasal breathing in children and its relationship to malocclusion
Authors: Ramdas Shenoy Shailesh , Hassan Anfas A , Santhosh Sanjana
Published: December 2024

The conventional habit breaking appliances prevents child from the habits but it doesn’t correct the malocclusions generated Here is the scope for myofunctional appliances where it stops the habits and at the same time it tunes the orofacial musculature and also aligns the teeth and improves the ease of life myofunctional makes the orofacial musculature functional and effective which enhances the proper growth and modulation of the craniofacial structures. Aim of the paper is to evaluate the change in quality of life through myofunctional therapy.
Central protection act: Urgency or emergency in India?
Authors: Garnbhir' Singh O. , Sharma Vinita , Ziauddeen Ameera
Published: December 2024

Very recently, another history was made with one of the most gruesome crimes Indians and the world could ever imagine. A 31-year-old doctor was sexually assaulted and murdered in RG Kar Hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal. Why, being a healthcare professional, are we facing this frequent workplace violence? We don’t have the right to feel safe and secure in our workplace. There have been multiple acts and provisions for the safeguarding of healthcare professionals. The matter of concern is whether these provisions implemented are working or are just feeble and defenceless. Is this growing violence against healthcare professionals just a State Government issue, or do we need an amendment to a centralized established act for uniformity and justice?
COVID 19- A new challenge for safer antenatal care
Authors: Pitale Devdatt l , Asthana Shilpa
Published: December 2024

Antenatal care (ANC) is an indispensable component in the life of every expectant mother. Pregnancy per say is associated with physiological changes some of which may be undesirable like nausea, vomiting of pregnancy and may adversely affect the quality of life of the pregnant mother. The ongoing COVID pandemic continues to pose as a new challenge for safe and effective ANC due to very limited evidence available. COVID can cause severe disease in certain groups of population including mortality warranting extensive research. As of now standard protocol is lacking and social distancing appears to be the best possible preventive mechanism. This study aims to assess the benefits of protocolled Antenatal care during the COVID pandemic.

Present study was done at the obstetric department of two hospitals in Mumbai. 1500 expectant mothers satisfying the necessary criteria were enrolled.

Most of the women in the study group were primi. They were enrolled for check-ups as per the study protocol. Normal delivery was conducted in 65 percent of cases and LSCS was performed for indicated cases only.

Antenatal care in COVID is a new challenge we are facing globally. A systematic protocol is eminent for the ANC in pandemic which is cost effective with easy learning curve. Nevertheless social distancing, personal hygiene including hand sanitizers, appropriate PPE will offer the best preventive measure for the COVID-19.
Antenatal screening for β thalassemia with mutation analysis in a tertiary care centre of Eastern India
Authors: Dutta Bijita , Datta Pratyush , Abdullah Md , Chakraborty Jayati
Published: December 2024

β-thalassemia poses a major public health problem in India. Reverse hybridization StripAssay® method is reported to be rapid, simple, reproducible and less expensive.

The aim of the study was to detect occurrence of β-thalassemia carriers among the ante-natal mothers by Hb HPLC followed by detection of β-thalassemia mutations in antenatal mothers with β-thalassemia carrier state as well as borderline HbA2 value. The second step of this study was detection of β- thalassemia mutations in husbands of antenatal mothers who are β-thalassemia carriers as detected by Hb HPLC.

Total 734 antenatal mothers were recruited in the study after obtaining informed consent. All were screened by Hb HPLC and mutation analysis done as per study protocol by reverse hybridization StripAssay®.

Among 734 antenatal mothers who were included in the study, 30 subjects (4.08%) were β- thalassemia trait (BTT) and 24 (3.27%) of them had borderline HbA2 value as per Hb HPLC done by Biorad D10™. Commonest mutant allele detected was IVS 1-5(G>C).
Relevance of routine histopathological study in cases of acute appendicitis
Authors: Rautaray Biswajita , Tripathy Sumita , Gopal Inuganti
Published: December 2024

Acute appendicitis is considered the most common surgically correctable cause of abdominal pain. Appendicectomy, though a common surgical procedure; yet accurate clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis remains challenging. Objective of this study is to access the benefit of routine histopathological examination of appendix in clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis, so as to confirm it and to rule out other pathology.

Histopathological study was done in (Department of pathology, MKCG MCH) in 541 routine cases with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis; admitted to department of General surgery, MKCG MCH between august 2020 to September 2022. Biopsy findings were analyzed and correlated with clinical diagnosis .The study was also used for analyzing demographic data.

All patients admitted to department of general surgery, MKCG MCH with clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis. (2020-22)

Patient who underwent incidental appendicectomy during other surgeries.

In our study, 271 cases (50.3%) were confirmed to be acute appendicitis, followed by recurrent appendicitis 157(29%), appendicular abscess 46(8.5%), perforation 9 (1.7%) and others accounting for rest 16%. In 14 cases (2.3%) abnormal histopathological findings of clinical significance were noted, that needed specific follow up and management.

The study shows that there are certain discrepancies between clinical and histological diagnosis (in 2.3% cases), which will affect treatment protocol and prognosis hence this study supports routine histopathological examination of all appendicectomy specimen.
Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with chronic renal Failure:A study of cochlear function impairment
Authors: H M Saritha , Valse Dinesh , Kumaraswamy Nagarathna Hosalli
Published: December 2024

Chronic renal failure affects almost all the vital organs of the body. Most CRF patients will have sensorineural hearing loss when they first report. Hemodialysis and transplantation are used to treat an increasing CRF patients; many of these individuals also require ototoxic medications. The study's primary goal is to assess cochlear function impairment related to CRF.

We studied30 patients of CRF attending our institution for a period of 2 years, from September 2020 to august 2022. All patients were evaluated for hearing loss. We found hearing loss in 17 patients, and 13 patients did not show any hearing loss.

17 patients showed hearing loss at various frequencies, and 13 were normal. 5 showed a loss in low, 10 in mid, and 17 in high frequency. The HL group had low levels of serum sodium level (125.8 mmol/dl) compared to the non-HL group (141.4 mmol/dl). We found that the HL group had a higher percentage of taking ototoxic drugs in 9 patients (52.9%). Only two (15.4%) of the non-HL group had a history of ototoxicity.

Our study shows that patients with CRF have sensorineural hearing loss. Age, the duration of CRF, the period of hemodialysis, the use of ototoxic medications, blood urea levels, serum creatinine, and serum sodium all showed positive correlations with hearing loss. To stop further deterioration, physicians must be aware of this and take precautions to avoid potential ototoxic substances, loud exposure, hypotension, and other abrupt changes during hemodialysis.