bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A model of the radar situation of the coastal vessel traffic control system
Authors: Kostin A.A. , Kostin V.A. , Gubenko M.L. , Osadchik А.A. , Tishkov D.A.
Published: April 2024

Since the elements of the ship traffic control system at sea (VTS) are geographically distributed, and the observed spaces have well-defined zones, the radar facilities (radars) that make up their technological basis are evaluated by the ability to detect, classify (recognize), and ensure tracking of ships at a certain range in the spatial zone. The solution of these problems is probabilistic in nature, and the indicators are represented by random functions. However, due to the complexity of accounting for random factors in such stochastic control systems, calculations of their efficiency indicators are usually carried out deterministically for the "average" values of random parameters. The development of a mathematical model for evaluating the effectiveness of VTS in its ability to detect marine targets is a scientific task, the solution of which is possible using elements of the theory of random functions and processes.
Development of a method for fuzz testing of programs for file parsing using the PolyTracker tool
Authors: Samarin N.N.
Published: April 2024

The article proposes a method of phasing-testing programs for parsing using the PolyTracker tool. During the research, types of parsers are considered and their disadvantages are revealed. The proposed method eliminates the identified drawbacks, increasing code coverage and leveling the problem of state explosion.
Transmission of information on a single carrier frequency in a full-duplex radio line
Authors: Baskov A.P. , Sukhotin V.V. , Tikhonenko I.Yu. , Dashkova A.K. , Panko S.P.
Published: April 2024

Telecommunication communication is usually provided in duplex mode, which requires the provision of two carrier frequencies and at least twice the bandwidth of the radio channel in a wireless version (subject to a priori equality of the capacities of information sources at both ends of the radio line). Throughout the development of wireless telecommunications technologies, the issue of the efficiency of using the frequency spectrum allocated for transmitting/receiving messages is acutely relevant, namely, reducing the bandwidth occupied by the message. This task has significant limitations, primarily based on minimizing the distortion of transmitted messages that may occur when artificially limiting the bandwidth. Information compression/compaction methods provide some savings in the width of the frequency spectrum, but a marginal reduction in the occupied frequency band can be achieved when the receiving and transmitting paths of both directions operate at the same carrier frequency. The article provides a brief overview of methods to improve the efficiency of using the frequency resource, provides a computer model and a study of the method of wireless information transmission that allows a full-duplex wireless communication channel to be implemented on a single carrier frequency. The above and investigated computer model of the method based on the use of a circulator made it possible to evaluate the effect of additive noise, the difference in amplitude and phase of the interference signal from the transmitter and a copy of the signal from the radio transmitter in "antiphase" on the number of errors (BER). According to the research results, it can be concluded that in order to reduce the number of errors when using a compensator, it is necessary to ensure an exact match of the interference signal from the transmitter and a copy of the signal from the radio transmitter in "antiphase" in amplitude and the phase difference between these signals is equal to 1800. Since an increase in the amplitude difference starting from 0.001 and the phase deviation from 0.10 from 1800 leads to a significant increase in the number of errors even with large values of the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, when developing a device based on this method, it is necessary to take into account the difference in the amplitudes of the useful signal and "interference from the transmitter". This parameter specifies additional requirements for the device. The task of compensating for interference from the transmitter is simplified by the fact that the parameters of the transmitting signal and the characteristics of the device elements are known in advance.
Relative navigation with Bayesian range estimation
Authors: Abdrashitov A.R.
Published: April 2024

The applications of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) require high-precision and reliable relative navigation for flight formation, collision avoidance, and mission performance. Providing high-precision relative navigation is possible by fusing the observations of inertial measurement units, global navigation satellite system receivers, and radio-ranging modules. However, radio-ranging is vulnerable to various types of interference, including additive noise, nonlinear propagation, and multi-user interference. At the same time, UAVs strict energy constraints force us to look for ways to increase interference immunity without increasing the transmitting power of radio-ranging modules. This work is about improving the noise immunity of relative navigation by using a scheme tightly coupled with radio ranging and Bayesian range estimation. We describe the proposed scheme and also carry out a comparative simulation of tightly coupled and conventional, loosely coupled schemes. According to the simulation, a tightly coupled scheme has a quarter smaller RMS error compared to a loosely coupled one at an SNR below -7 dB. The obtained results demonstrate the prospects for further development of the proposed scheme.
The model of a discrete communication channel in the control channel of satellite communication systems
Authors: Gluskin V.A.
Published: April 2024

The control channels used in modern satellite communication systems (CCC) for multiplexers used in modern satellite communication systems are designed to transmit control messages regarding changes in the frame structures of organized compressed digital streams. Increased requirements are placed on the reliability of messages transmitted in these channels compared to messages transmitted in sealed channels. In the presence of phase flickering, as well as with a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in communication channels formed on the basis of convolutional codes, the effect of grouping errors occurs at the input of decoders of noise-resistant codes in control channels. Therefore, information about the statistical properties of messages received at the input of a decoder designed to ensure the reliability of control channel messages is important in the synthesis of decoding algorithms capable of taking into account these statistical properties.
Hepatitis B virus total core antibody status in unvaccinated general population in a community of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Mostak U. , Tanu Sumona , Mithila Maisha T. , Alam M. Jahangir , Saha Madhusudan , Chowdhury Sadia R. , Safwath Syed A. , Chowdhury Malay K. S. , Rahman M. Oliur , Rahman M. Muhibur
Published: April 2024

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant health challenge in Bangladesh, with the hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) being a crucial marker due to its lifelong presence in the bloodstream. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anti-HBc (total) positivity among unvaccinated adults in Northeastern Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Sobhanighat area of Sylhet, Bangladesh, in collaboration with the department of gastroenterology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, from November 2022 to August 2023. A total of 216 participants were selected using consecutive sampling. HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc (total) were tested for all subjects, and data were collected using a pre-formed questionnaire and analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 24.
Results: Among the participants, 16 (7.4%) tested positive for anti-HBc (total), while HBsAg was positive in 6 (2.77%) individuals. Anti-HBs was detectable in 23 (10.6%) participants, with 3 (1.38%) showing isolated anti-HBc positivity. Notably, 20% of HBsAg-positive cases exhibited heterotypic anti-HBs. Moreover, 56.25% of respondents with anti-HBc (total) positivity had detectable anti-HBs (p<0.001). Gender did not show significant associations with HBsAg, anti-HBc (total), anti-HBs, or isolated anti-HBc (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The study underscores a notable prevalence of anti-HBc (total) positivity among unvaccinated individuals in Bangladesh, indicative of past HBV exposure. It underscores the necessity for enhanced vaccination coverage and robust infection control measures to mitigate HBV transmission in this demographic.
Elaboração e desenvolvimento de aula de geografia para educação básica
Authors: Aguiar Waldiney Gomes
Published: April 2024

O trabalho ora apresentado, é parte de uma pesquisa maior – desenvolvida com um grupo de professores da Educação Básica, e investigou de que forma eles organizam suas aulas para ensinar os conteúdos curriculares de Geografia. Neste sentido, foram reunidos treze professores do quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental I e lhes perguntado: “De que maneira organizam suas aulas de Geografia para executá-la em sala de aula junto aos seus alunos”? As respostas foram diversificadas viabilizando uma análise a partir da peculiaridade de cada sujeito - docente ao expressar as formas de organização das suas respectivas aulas. Desta forma, procurou-se analisar as respostas dos professores, articulando-as com as discussões teóricas objetivando ajuda-los na compreensão de que ensinar vai além da transformação dos temas curriculares em conteúdo escolar, metodologias, recursos didáticos e objetivos de ensino – isso significa que a aula é um processo de ensino que envolve também outras questões tais como; quem são os sujeitos ali presentes na sala de aula? em que condições estruturais da escola ocorrem as aulas? Neste sentido, a discussão teórica permeando às respostas dos professores e a análise possibilita reflexões além da prática em sala de aula no dia a dia do professor , desta forma, desmistifica a ideia de que o fazer didático pedagógico daria conta de resolver as questões do ensino, quando o mais adequado seria compreender que nenhuma prática em sala de aula se justifica isolada da teoria – a base teórica é o que explica o fazer pedagógico no seu contexto histórico e social.
Can Conditional Cash Transfers Alter the Effectiveness of Other Human Capital Development Policies?
Authors: Beuermann Diether , Ramos Bonilla Andrea , Stampini Marco
Published: April 2024

Covering the full population of applicants to the Jamaican Conditional Cash Transfer Program (PATH), we explore whether receiving PATH since childhood altered the academic gains from attending a more preferred public secondary school. To uncover causal associations, we implement a double regression discontinuity design motivated by both the PATH eligibility criteria and the centralized allocation process to public secondary schools. Among girls, receiving PATH benefits did not influence the academic gains from attending a preferred school. However, boys exposed to PATH experienced significantly lower gains from preferred school attendance with respect to comparable peers who did not receive PATH. These results highlight the relevance of considering both the direct effects of conditional cash transfers and the potential indirect effects that such policies could convey through altering the effectiveness of other related policies.
Nowcasting Poverty in Central America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic: A Micro-simulation Approach
Authors: Eggers Prieto Carlos , Martin Rivero Lucia , Muñoz Laucel , Salamanca Álvaro
Published: April 2024

Assessing the development of countries relies on poverty rates as a key indicator. However, official poverty rates are derived from household surveys that often have limited frequency, unexpected gaps due to field work constraints, and substantial delays in processing and publication. This paper presents a novel micro-simulation method for estimating poverty, which introduces changes in demographic and labor variables into the surveys, that can be derived from just a few observed or forecasted macroeconomic indicators. We apply this method for the case of Central America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic (CAPDR) and show that it outperforms the fit of other methods that solely rely on direct imputations from GDP to households income. Lastly, our approach can be easily replicated across countries and in different time periods, which is not the case for the majority of other micro-simulation techniques.
GDLab: Gender and Diversity Initiative
Authors: Martínez Claudia , Bustelo Monserrat , Martinez Karen
Published: April 2024

The IDB Groups Gender and Diversity Knowledge Initiative (GDLab), promotes, leads, and finances high-impact research to achieve a more inclusive and equitable society in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Download this brochure to learn more about this initiative.
Civil Identity and Formation of Civilization
Authors:   International Scientific-Educational Laboratory for Socio-Cultural Research, HSE, Ivanova N. L. , Mazilova G. B. ,   Economics and Humanities Institute (branch) of the Taurida National University named after V. I. Vernadsky
Published: April 2024

In article it is shown, that one of the major resources of formation of civilization is civil identity — an element of consciousness of the person. The analysis of dynamics of expressiveness civil “self” under influence of social and economic conditions is carried out. Results comparative the subjective senses put in concept “civil identity” are considered by representatives of the various countries.
THE THEME OF THE “RUSSIAN WORLD” IN THE MONUMENTS OF THE TIME OF TROUBLES
Authors: Tischenko Aleksey S.
Published: April 2024

The era of the Time of Troubles influenced the special character of literature and exacerbated the theme of the “Russian worldˮ, which by the XVI century had become stable. Two journalistic monuments ‘The New Tale of the Glorious Russian Kingdom’ and ‘The Lament of the Captivity and the Final Ruin of the Moscow state’ reflect the authors' concerns about the current situation of Russia: the absence of a legitimate ruler, the Polish-Swedish intervention, the possibility of ascension to the throne of a foreigner. The theme of the “Russian worldˮ, which is viewed through the prism of the author's calls not to allow the destruction of the foundations that make up the Russian civilizational code, also turns out to be related to these issues. Key words: Russian world, the Time of the Troubles, civilizational code, Orthodox Christianity, governor Acknowledgments: The publication was prepared as part of the implementation of the SO of the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, project no. 122020100347-2.
SLOVAK STUDENTS’ CHALLENGES IN MASTERING THE GRAMMATICAL GENDER CATEGORY IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Bekasova Elena N. , Gajarsky Lukas , Grominova Andrea
Published: April 2024

The category of genus is one of the most intricate and contentious grammatical categories, permeating the entire language system. This underscores the significance of its study not only within one's native language but also in the context of learning it as a foreign language. Simultaneously, conducting typological comparisons aids in the construction of an effective pedagogical framework. In situations of linguistic proximity, such as when studying Russian as a foreign language within the Slovak-speaking audience, it becomes crucial to discern the differences amidst the substantial overlap of classifications and forms of expressing the genus category. These differences necessitate specific attention during students' acquisition of genus paradigms and pragmatics, in addition to recognizing the distinct characteristics of genus asymmetry within languages. Key words: genus category, common nouns, feminitives, Russian, Slovak, intercultural communication Acknowledgments: The article is published with the support of the international grant project Erasmus+ KA220-HED № 2021-1-SK01-KA220-HED-000022917 “The innovation of the concept and curriculum of doctoral study programs and increasing their effectiveness”.
MEANS OF REPRESENTATION OF NON-VERBAL COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION IN THE A.P. CHEKHOV’S STORY “STEPPE”
Authors: Izotova Natalya V. , Skrypnik Elizaveta R.
Published: April 2024

The dialogical fragment of text is a part of prose fiction, where responses (characters’ speech) and remarks (author’s speech) represent the communication between characters. The characters’ dialogue may include the description of nonverbal components that make fictional dialogue closer to the natural one due to the constant presence of nonverbal components in the oral communication. In this article the ways of including the nonverbal components of characters' communication have been analyzed. The remarks accompanying the characters’ words may be placed in the different parts of dialogue according to the characters’ responds. The nonverbal components are more often included in the interpositive and postpositive remarks and are located after the verb with the meaning of the speaking process which is obligatory for the structure of the remark. The verbs, gerunds, verb and noun phrases represent the nonverbal components in the text. The remarks that accompany the characters’ speech of the dialogical fragments of text represent the characters’ emotional state and feelings (laughter, crying, wonder, joy, dryness, contempt). In the work the description of the nonverbal components that accompany the characters’ speech may be correlated with the author’s description of the character out of the communication. It contributes to the creation of the holistic artistic images. Key words: dialogical fragment of text, response, remark, nonverbal components, images of characters
THE USAGE OF STYLISTIC DEVICES BY B. JOHNSON'S IN THE CONTEXT OF BREXIT PROMOTION
Authors: Sklyarova Natalya G.
Published: April 2024

The stylistic devices of lexical and syntactic levels, encountered in B. Jonson’s political discourse, are considered in the extra-linguistic context of the forthcoming Brexit in terms of their manipulative function achieved by putting an emotional strain on the audience and increasing the expressiveness of the message. The politician’s speeches, promoting the exit from the EU, are characterized by an extensive use of epithetical adjectives in the comparative and superlative degrees, antitheses, metaphors, hyperboles, repetitions, including anadiplosis, anaphora, epiphora, polysyndeton. They serve to convince the listeners in the advantages of Brexit for the country, instill in them the inadmissibility of its delay, underline the necessity in the integrity of the society, various political forces and all the parts of the United Kingdom in this matter, imply the inevitability of the exit from the EU, indicate its significance and fatefulness and enhance the pressure on the audience. The interaction of the abovementioned language means in the utterance is described and the correspondence between them and certain functions is stated. The solution of the listed communicative tasks contributes to the persuasion of the audience in the necessity of Brexit. Key words: political discourse, Brexit, B. Jonson, stylistic devices, manipulation
PROVERBS AS A MEAN OF COMFORTING (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE ENGLISH AND GERMAN LANGUAGES)
Authors: Gokova Ekaterina I.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of this article lies in the priority of communicative pragmatics, in the development of such a new integral research area as psychoparemiology, in the interest of researchers in comforting and in the need to study the pragmatic potential of proverbs that can realize the intention of comforting in application to Germanic languages. The purpose of this work is to classify the proverbs of the English and German languages in accordance with the goals of comforting they realize and the ways to achieve these goals. Five groups of proverbs can be singled out by means of pragmalinguistic analysis. Proverbs of the first group can be used to change the negative attitude of the comforted person towards the situation to a positive one. They point out positive aspects of the situation or the possibility to benefit from it, minimize the problem, ask the comforted to be content with what is available to them. Proverbs of the second group assure that everything that happens is destined and claim that human hardships are inevitable, while joys are finite. They can also point out the impossibility to change past events. Proverbs of the third group make the comforted person gather strength, indicating positive effects of trials and challenges. They also instill hope that challenges can be overcome and the situation can change for the better. The fourth group aims at influencing the comforted person’s emotions by stating that distress is harmful and will be alleviated over time. Proverbs of the fifth group justify the actions of the interlocutor by claiming that mistakes can help a person gain important experience, they are in the human nature and inevitable and are not so bad compared to more damaging actions. Key words: communicative pragmatics, psychoparemiology, dialogue, comforting, proverbs
Propensão ao uso do Crédito no Brasil (2012-2023): Aspectos empíricos da escolha intertemporal
Authors: Gomes Raquel , Farias Hilder André Bezerra
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo tem como tema o uso do crédito pelas famílias brasileiras. Seu objetivo foi identificar os efeitos dos fatores teóricos do modelo de escolha intertemporal ligados ao uso do crédito no Brasil. O modelo teórico tratado foi o da escolha intertemporal, do ponto de vista microeconômico, e seus desdobramentos na Hipótese da Renda Permanente e na Hipótese do Ciclo de Vida. O estudo usa dados do Sistema Gerenciador de Séries Temporais do Banco Central do Brasil sobre renda, expectativas, poupança, juros, inflação, endividamento e inadimplência, com modelagem econométrica VAR-VEC. Os principais resultados apontam que a formação de poupança está coerente com o modelo teórico analisado, enquanto o endividamento apresentou comportamentos esperados para as expectativas, inflação, e com a inadimplência, variável adicionada a partir da revisão de literatura.
Analiza rabe samostalnikov moškega spola pri tujih študentkah in študentih Univerze na Primorskem
Authors: Šumenjak Klara , Volk Jana
Published: April 2024

V prispevku se najprej posvetimo učenju slovenščine kot tujega jezika na Univerzi na Primorskem in možnostim za njeno učenje. Na kratko predstavimo temeljne težave, ki jih imajo učeči se, skupine, ki se slovenščino učijo, težave, s katerimi se srečujejo študentke in študenti iz osrednjejužnoslovanskega prostora, natančneje pa se osredotočimo na težave, ki jih imajo pri rabi samostalnikov moškega spola. Ker je bila analiza, ki predstavlja osrednji del prispevka, izvedena med tujejezičnimi študentkami in študenti Univerze na Primorskem, opišemo kratko zgodovino poučevanja slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika na tej ustanovi. V poglavju Jezikovno testiranje opišemo faze analize produkcije učečih se slovenščine kot drugega in tujega jezika. Najobsežnejši del prispevka pa predstavlja opis uporabljene metodologije in interpretacija dobljenih rezultatov.
LGBTIQ+ besedje v slovarjih slovenskega jezika
Authors: Kern Boris
Published: April 2024

V prispevku je predstavljena slovaropisna obravnava besedja, povezanega z LGBTIQ+ osebami, kar vključuje zlasti besedje, ki se nanaša na spolne identitete, spolno usmerjenost, družinska, sorodstvena in druga medosebna razmerja, ljubezen, spolnost, dejanja izkazovanja naklonjenosti ipd. Prikazan je razvoj slovarskega opisa v izbranih slovarjih slovenskega jezika (zlasti v Slovarju novejšega besedja slovenskega jezika, SSKJ-ju 2, eSSKJ ju).
Transcription factor DREF regulates expression of the microRNA gene bantam in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Schwartz M. B. , Prudnikova M. M. , Andreenkov O. V. , Volkova E. I. , Zhimulev I. F. , Antonenko O. V. , Demakov S.  A.
Published: April 2024

The bantam gene encodes a vital microRNA and has a complex expression pattern in various tissues at different stages of Drosophila development. This microRNA is involved in the control of normal development of the ocu lar and wing imaginal discs, the central nervous system, and also in maintaining the undifferentiated state of stem cells in the ovaries of adult females. At the cellular level, bantam stimulates cell proliferation and prevents apoptosis. The bantam gene is a target of several conserved signaling cascades, in particular, Hippo. At the moment, at least ten proteins are known to directly regulate the expression of this gene in different tissues of Drosophila. In this study, we found that the bantam regulatory region contains motifs characteristic of binding sites for DREF, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of Hippo cascade genes. Using transgenic lines containing a fulllength bantam lethality-rescuing deletion fragment and a fragment with a disrupted DREF binding site, we show that these motifs are functionally significant because their disruption at the bantam locus reduces expression levels in the larvae and ovaries of homozygous flies, which correlates with reduced vitality and fertility. The effect of DREF binding to the promoter region of the bantam gene on its expression level suggests an additional level of complexity in the regulation of expression of this microRNA. A decrease in the number of eggs laid and a shortening of the reproductive period in females when the DREF binding site in the regulatory region of the bantam gene is disrupted suggests that, through bantam, DREF is also involved in the regulation of Drosophila oogenesis.
Fertility differences between two wild-type Drosophila melanogaster lines correlate with differences in the expression of the Jheh gene, which codes for an enzyme degrading juvenile hormone
Authors: Andreenkova O. V. , Adonyeva N. V. , Efimov V. M. , Gruntenko N.  E.
Published: April 2024

Juvenile hormone plays a “status quo” role in Drosophila melanogaster larvae, preventing the untimely metamorphosis, and performs a gonadotropic function in imagoes, ensuring the ovaries’ preparedness for vitellogenesis. The decreased level of juvenile hormone results in reproductive disorders in D. melanogaster females including a delay in the oviposition onset and a fertility decrease. Another factor that can affect the insect reproduction is an infection with the maternally inherited symbiotic α-proteobacterium Wolbachia. The present study is devoted to the analysis of the expression of two juvenile hormone metabolism genes encoding enzymes of its synthesis and degradation, juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase ( jhamt) and juvenile hormone epoxide hydrase (Jheh1), respectively, in four wild-type D. melanogaster lines, two of them being infected with Wolbachia. Lines w153 and Bi90 were both derived from an individual wild-caught females infected with Wolbachia, while lines w153T and Bi90T were derived from them by tetracycline treatment and are free of infection. Line Bi90 is known to be infected with the Wolbachia strain wMel, and line w153, with the Wolbachia strain wMelPlus belonging to the wMelCS genotype. It was found that infection with either Wolbachia strain does not affect the expression of the studied genes. At the same time, it was shown that the w153 and w153T lines differ from the Bi90 and Bi90T lines by an increased level of the Jheh1 gene expression and do not differ in the jhamt gene expression level.  Analysis of the fertility of these four lines showed that it does not depend on Wolbachia infection either, but differs between lines with different nuclear genotypes: in w153 and w153T, it is significantly lower than in lines Bi90 and Bi90T. The data obtained allow us to reasonably propose that the inter-line D. melanogaster polymorphism in the metabolism of the juvenile hormone is determined by its degradation (not by its synthesis) and correlates with the fertility level.
Influence of breed and environment on leukocyte telomere length in cattle
Authors: Yudin N. S. , Igoshin A. V. , Romashov G. A. , Martynov A. A. , Larkin D. M.
Published: April 2024

High milk yield is associated with reduced longevity in high-producing dairy cattle breeds. Pre-term culling leads to high replacement heifer demand and economic losses for the dairy industry. Selection for this trait is limited because of low heritability and difficulties in phenotype measurement. Telomeres are elements found at the ends of chromosomes, consisting of repetitive DNA sequences, several thousand base pairs in length, coupled with nucleoprotein complexes. Eventually, in humans and most other animals, telomere length reduces with age. When telomeric DNA is truncated to a critical length, cell ageing, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis are induced. As a result, telomere length can be considered as a predictor of health risks and an individual’s lifespan. The leukocyte telomere length may be used as a proxy phenotype of productive lifespan to improve cattle selection. Our objectives were to assess the effects of breed and breed group (dairy vs. beef) on the leukocyte telomere length and to estimate the effect of cold climate on this trait in Kalmyk cattle populations from the South (Rostov Oblast) and Far North (Republic of Sakha) regions of Russia. The leukocyte telomere lengths were estimated computationally from whole-genome resequencing data. We leveraged data on leukocyte telomere length, sex, and age of 239 animals from 17 cattle breeds. The breed factor had a significant effect on leukocyte telomere length across our sample. There was no difference in leukocyte telomere length between dairy and beef groups. The population factor had a significant effect on leukocyte telomere length in Kalmyk animals. In conclusion, we found that breed, but not breed group (dairy vs. beef), was significantly associated with leukocyte telomere length in cattle. Residence in colder climates was associated with longer leukocyte telomere length in Kalmyk breed cattle.
Non-viral systems for intracellular delivery of genome editing tools
Authors: Shaikhutdinov I. H. , Ilyasov P. V. , Gribkova O. V. , Limareva L.  V.
Published: April 2024

A hallmark of the last decades is an extensive development of genome editing systems and technologies propelling genetic engineering to the next level. Specific and efficient delivery of genome editing tools to target cells is one of the key elements of such technologies. Conventional vectors are not always suitable for this purpose due to a limited cargo volume, risks related to cancer and immune reactions, toxicity, a need for high-purity viral material and quality control, as well as a possibility of integration of the virus into the host genome leading to overexpression of the vector components and safety problems. Therefore, the search for novel approaches to delivering proteins and nucleic acids into cells is a relevant priority. This work reviews abiotic vectors and systems for delivering genome editing tools into target cells, including liposomes and solid lipid particles, other membrane-based vesicles, cell-penetrating peptides, micelles, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, inorganic, polymer, metal and other nanoparticles. It considers advantages, drawbacks and preferred applications of such systems as well as suitability thereof for the delivery of genome editing systems. A particular emphasis is placed on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their potential in the targeted intracellular delivery of proteins and polynucleotides. It has been concluded that further development of MOF-based vectors and technologies, as well as combining MOFs with other carriers can result in safe and efficient delivery systems, which would be able to circulate in the body for a long time while recognizing target cells and ensuring cell-specific delivery and release of intact cargoes and, thereby, improving the genome editing outcome.
Jogos Pedagógicos como estatégia de efetivação de aprendizagem para crianças surdas e/ou deficientes auditivos
Authors: Santana Nisvaldo , Galasso Bruno
Published: April 2024

Esta pesquisa busca fomentar discussão acerca da necessidade de criação de materiais de apoio (jogos pedagógicos) que levem em consideração as especificidades de aprendizagem das crianças surdas. Para isso, apresentam-se possibilidades de jogos, já testados em contexto de sala de aula, bem como discute-se formas de construção de jogos pedagógicos que possibilitem a integração dos estudantes em sala de aula. Parte-se da necessidade da inclusão de crianças e adolescentes surdos e/ou deficiêntes auditivos, por meio de um sistema educacional que efetive a vivência da cidadania plena. Sendo assim, vê-se nos Jogos Pedagógicos uma forma de efetivar o aprendizado, tornando conteúdos mais acessíveis, bem como, facilitando a interação com os pares em sala de aula e com a/o docente. A pesquisa, de caráter bibliográfico, seguiu os seguintes passos: Estabelecimento dos objetivos da revisão; Criação dos critérios de inclusão de bibliografia (palavras-chave e sites de busca); execução das buscas; Pré-seleção da bibliografia; seleção da bibliografia; análise dos resultados. Dentre os critérios utilizados para a seleção, utilizou-se como palavras-chaves as que se seguem: Educação Inclusiva; Surdez; Deficiência Auditiva; Materiais de apoio pedagógico; Jogos pedagógicos, sendo que as bases de busca foram: Scielo; Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações e Google Acadêmico. Os critérios de exclusão utilizados foram, trabalhos em outras línguas, anteriores a 2011, e que depois da leitura do resumo constatou-se que não abordavam o tema privilegiado nesta pesquisa. Após a análise dos 10 trabalhos selecionados concluiu-se que os jogos pedagógicos para surdos servem como ferramentas que tornam as aprendizagens significativas, proporcionando também ambientes comunicativos e de integração, mas necessitam de mediação adequada e formação profissional.
Setenta anos do curso de Letras da UFMA
Authors: Costa Danielle Ferreira
Published: April 2024

Este ensaio foi apresentado no formato palestra no evento de 70 anos do Curso de Letras da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, realizado em dezembro de 2023 no Centro de Ciências Humanas.
Da gramática à gramaticalização
Authors: Moraes Maria Regina Coelho Costa , Mugschl Sonia Maria Correa Pereira
Published: April 2024

O artigo objetiva discutir a produtividade da relação entre Linguística e Literatura como orientação para o ato de ler. Nessa discussão, ressalta que um recurso relevante para ler o texto literário é a descrição linguística das jogadas, o que pressupõe gramática. Aprofundando a cognição sobre o assunto, encontra a gramaticalização como ponto de articulação entre linguística e literatura para o acompanhamento do movimento do jogo literário. Respaldada por esses conceitos, a pesquisa coloca em curso estratégias para a leitura. No universo da leitura, há seleções de fenômenos linguísticos, os quais não podem se dissociar da coprodução de sentido a que todo leitor está submetido. Entre esses fenômenos, podemos destacar a importância das jogadas em um trajeto de sinais que conduzem ao entendimento do texto. Tendo como ponto de partida essa finalidade, enveredamos pelos percursos que nos levam aos elementos responsáveis pela compreensão leitora desde à normatividade da língua até sua maleabilidade nas infinitas possibilidades que se sustentam na gramática e se expandem para além dela, na gramaticalização. Intencionamos considerar a análise do processo de gramaticalização como ato de leitura para produzir a visão flexível da gramática da língua portuguesa, sobretudo para o momento na leitura do texto literário. Problematizamos: poderia, então, ser a gramaticalização uma das relevantes consequências dessa articulação entre linguística e literatura? Entre os autores elencados para esta discussão, estamos levando em consideração Saussure (2012), Possenti (2003), Perini (1976, 2014), Martins (2012), Neves (2002, 2010, 2011), Jouve (2002). Entre os dados, os projetos políticos pedagógicos do Curso de Letras da UFMA de 2009, a partir dos registros encontrados na internet e excertos de textos literários.
Marcas da língua inglesa em nomes próprios adotados no Brasil
Authors: Cavalcante Luciana , Santos Suzana Maria Lucas
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tece considerações a respeito de antropônimos advindos da língua inglesa adotados porindivíduos brasileiros, tomando por base as relações existentes entre poder, história e sociedade à luz de postulados da teoria de Mikhail Bakhtin. O estudo discorre sobre alteridade e dialogismo porse tratarem de elementos constituintes do processo de nomeação de sujeitos, identificando a estreita e contínua relação entre o eu-outro. Cita, para efeito metodológico, alguns nomes que condensam relações sócioideológicas.
Vozes Insubmissas
Authors: Veloso Gabriela Lages , Oliveira Rita de Cássia
Published: April 2024

Na intenção de mapear as margens e abrir espaço para as novas vozes sociais, os escritores contemporâneos têm evidenciado percursos narrativos de personagens em trânsito e oprimidos em suas marcas de subjetivação: etnia, classe social, gênero, idade, orientação sexual. Neste sentido, o principal objetivo deste artigo é estudar a representação do perfil feminino no livro Fio de Prata (2022), de Margarida Montejano, tal como foi empreendida nos contos Se Não Entender, Pergunte, A Mão e o Espelho e O Fio de Prata. Para tanto, utilizaremos como contribuição teórica os estudos de Dalcastagnè (2012); Patrocínio (2014); Resende (2014), dentre outros.
Deciphering overtourism impacts through eye-tracking analysis
Authors: Szőllős-Tóth Andrea , Bujdosó Zoltán , Csapóné Riskó Tünde
Published: April 2024

The use of eye-tracking in the field of tourism is not very widespread, most of the existing studies use this qualitative tool to investigate the viewing of tourism websites or advertising. In contrast, this paper focuses on the identification and examination of the negative effects associated with the phenomenon of overtourism through photographs. The primary research involved 14 participants, and the results were presented using heat-map plots. Participants devoted considerable time to viewing the signs of the negative impacts of tourism in the photos, but based on the responses to the questionnaire completed after the remote eye device survey, it was found that their willingness to travel was not affected to a considerable extent in a negative direction by the undesirable elements in the photos. Broken down by gender, women spent less time exploring natural beauty and built heritage, while men spent more time viewing these areas.
Fútbol e interseccionalidad: la trayectoria de Monarcas Colima
Authors: Salazar C. Ciria Margarita , Manzo Lozano Emilio Gerzaín
Published: April 2024

El deporte, especialmente el futbol —desde su génesis—, ha sido un territorio hipermasculinizado, caracterizado por la fuerza, el vigor y la rudeza. Esto no solo dejó durante mucho tiempo a las mujeres fuera de su práctica, sino que también aquellos hombres que no encajaban en la masculinidad hegemónica fueron excluidos por décadas de una práctica oficialista. En términos de la interseccionalidad, el vocablo alude a los hombres de la comunidad LGBTIQ+ que, por no cumplir con el estereotipo físico y actitudinal, fueron estigmatizados y orillados a buscar prácticas deportivas estereotipadas, o donde los estándares no marcaran una diferencia o confrontación con la identidad sexual. Los movimientos sociales para el reconocimiento de la diversidad sexual impactan en el ámbito deportivo al reconocer las distintas manifestaciones del ser humano más allá del género binario. El objetivo del artículo es contar la trayectoria de 19 años del equipo Monarcas, en el estado de Colima (México), y por qué marca un hito al constituirse como un conjunto de jugadores de fútbol que no entran en el esquema binario del género y que promueven los derechos a la libertad, la vida sana y el deporte, para hacerse un lugar como campeones en un territorio heteronormativo. La metodología utilizada es etnografía feminista, apoyada por fuentes documentales y entrevistas semiestructuradas como fuentes primarias para la construcción del entorno espacial, histórico e influencia del club en los movimientos deportivos LGBTIQ+ de la región y el país.
Promoviendo geografías deportivas feministas: La inserción del baloncesto femenino en el paisaje cultural de Puerto Rico
Authors: Díaz Torres Rafael
Published: April 2024

Este artículo trabaja el tema de las geografías deportivas en el contexto de Puerto Rico y su Equipo Nacional de baloncesto femenino. Se provee información sobre las luchas y gestas de las baloncelistas puertorriqueñas en distintas épocas. Además, se analizan los reclamos que tanto jugadoras, como activistas feministas del deporte hacen en favor de la equidad de género en deporte puertorriqueño. Se presentan dos casos en los cuales los reclamos públicos en apoyo a las baloncelistas se convierten también en propuestas para ampliar las geografías deportivas de Puerto Rico por medio de la integración de las voces, experiencias e identidades de las mujeres deportistas.
Ponte la verde: futbol y consumo cultural de jóvenes universitarios de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Meneses Cárdenas Jorge Alberto
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo el objetivo central fue conocer y describir las prácticas y significadosde consumo cultural de jóvenes universitarios/as que vieron televisión durante lospartidos de la selección mexicana de futbol del Mundial de Sudáfrica 2010. Para acceder aello se indagó tanto en los contenidos de las transmisiones como en los consumos culturalesde los jóvenes, mediante una etnografía multisituada con diversas herramientas de recolecciónde datos. Entre los hallazgos, se puede mencionar que las transmisiones de los partidosde futbol de la selección mexicana son rituales performativos en donde los jóvenes expresandensamente formas heterogéneas de consumo cultural imbricadas con imaginarios nacionalistaslaxos. Se concluye que los jóvenes pueden reproducir tanto imaginarios nacionalistascomo ser pragmáticos consumidores porque con sus identificaciones deportivo-nacionalistasinvolucran prácticas de consumo con imaginarios flexibles sobre lo mexicano. Por ello frenteal televisor pueden ser consumidores y ciudadanos, según el espacio, la temporalidad y lossujetos con quienes interactúen. El contenido será presentado en ocho apartados. En los primerostres delimito el tema, los sujetos, los contextos, el método y la aproximación teórica.Los tres siguientes muestran las formas de consumo en diversos espacios localmente situados.En la última sección delimito los hallazgos.
Relation Between Sociodemographic Factors and Increased Internet Usage During the First Three Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Earthquakes: Croatian Online Survey
Authors: Kovačić Petrović Zrnka , Peraica Tina , Blažev Mirta , Tomašić Lea , Kozarić-Kovačić Dragica
Published: April 2024

Aim: To determine the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and earthquakes on the overall Internet usage (IU) and Internet-specific activities (ISA) among adult Croatian population and their relation with sociodemographic factors. Subjects and Methods: A total of 1,118 participants (220 men and 898 women; mean age: 35.14 ± 12.31 years; range 18 - 78) participated in an online self-report survey providing sociodemographic data and replying to questions on COVID-19 and earthquake-related stress factors and overall IU and ISA before and during the period of the first three pandemic waves and earthquakes. Results: Overall IU (p < 0.001), online gaming (OG) (p < 0.001), pornography viewing (PV) (p < 0.001), social media use (SM) (p < 0.001), and online shopping (OS) (p < 0.001) during the pandemic and earthquakes were significantly increased in the group that used the Internet before this prolonged stress experiences. Furthermore, overall IU increased in women (p < 0.001), less educated (p = 0.001), and single participants (p = 0.027). OG was associated with younger age (p = 0.001), lower education (p < 0.001), single status (p = 0.006), child-free status (P = 0.001), and urban residence (p = 0.032). Increased PV was associated with younger age (p < 0.001), male sex (p < 0.001), lower education (p < 0.001), single status (p = 0.001) and child-free status (p < 0.001). Increased SM was associated with female sex (p < 0.001) and lower education (p < 0.001). Conclusion: To reduce the negative impacts of prolonged stress, clinicians and public health authorities should take into consideration sociodemographic risk factors associated with IU and ISA.
Photodynamic effect of indocyanine green and its application to hepatocellular carcinoma treatment
Authors: Jo Ester , Savsani Kush , Alfonso Anjelica , Park Andrew , Lee Seung Duk , Sakar Devanand , Kinsey Nathaniel , Sambommatsu Yuzuru , Imaid Daisuke , Khan Aamir , Sharma Amit , Saeed Muhammad , Kumaran Vinay , Cotterell Adrian , Levy Marlon , Bruno David
Published: April 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the primary cause of liver cancers, with limited treatment options outside of surgical resection or transplant. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using indocyanine green (ICG) as a photosensitizer offers a promising therapeutic option for HCC. ICG PDT has demonstrated efficacy in vitro and in vivo , providing a safe treatment option for patients ineligible for resection or transplant. Challenges in PDT optimization include limited light delivery, poor photosensitizer optimization, and low oxygen generation. Innovative solutions, such as ICG incorporation into nanostructures and direct administration for HCC cases, show promise. Combining ICG PDT with Lentinula edodes mycelia (LEM) and hydrogen gas inhalation may address oxygen production limitations. Utilizing a combination of therapeutic approaches and therapies may increase the efficacy of ICG PDT, making it the safer and more effective treatment option for patients. ICG’s proven clinical safety may expedite potential approval for its use in PDT. Advancements in photosensitizer technology, such as aggregation-induced emission photosensitizers (AIE-PSs), and combination therapies will enhance PDT efficacy shortly, as developments show promise for improved outcomes. For HCC patients, ICG PDT presents a valuable therapeutic option. This work is novel because it explores new combination therapy approaches, leveraging the benefits of PDT with ICG and the developments in photosensitizer technology, nanotechnology, and the combination of other treatments such as LEM and hydrogen gas, which could potentially revolutionize the treatment of HCC and offer a better prognosis for patients.