bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CODEX Microtomy Tracking Sheet v1
Authors: Propper Leigh , Jorgensen Marda
Published: December 2019

Microtomy Tracking Sheet for CODEX Specimens The process of sectioning CODEX specimens presents tediously at the tissue block trimming and microtomy stage. As you begin to cut into a new or already used tissue block, you must keep track of how many microns of tissue are removed from the section during trimming, and also during microtomy. Attached is a generic document that is used to keep record of what tissue block is being cut. All identification factors, trimming data, what tissue sections were used and their purpose, as well as storage information. Formal logging of how far into the tissue block you have traveled as well as how many sections were used is an extremely important and necessary function in this process.
Mathematical Modeling of Open States in Double Stranded DNA Molecule Depending on 2H/1H Ratio
Authors: Dzhimak S.S. , Drobotenko M.I. , Basov A.A. , Svidlov A.A. , Baryshev M.G.
Published: December 2019

The evaluation results of the possible deuterium atoms effect on the DNA base pair opening are presented in the article. The cause of these processes is the replacement of protium with deuterium atom due to the increase of energy required to break the hydrogen bond. These processes can be studied by method of mathematical modeling, with account of open states between base pairs being the key condition of the adequacy of the mathematical model of the DNA. The experiment data show that the presence of deuterium in a chain of nucleotides can cause - depending on the value of hydrogen bond disruption energy - both increase and decrease in probability of open states occurrence. For example: hydrogen bond disruption energy of 0.358·10-22n·m, non-zero probability of open states occurrence is observed in case of the absence of deuterium in the molecule, and with hydrogen bond disruption energy of 0.359·10-22n·m or more such probability equals zero. Also, when one deuterium atom is present in a molecule, non-zero probability is observed even with hydrogen bond disruption energy equal to 0.368·10-22n·m (i.e. more than 0.358·10-22n·m). Thus participation of deuterium atoms in the formation of hydrogen bonds of double helixes of a DNA molecule can cause the changes in the time required for transfer of genetic information, which can explain the effect of even minor deviations in deuterium concentration in a medium on metabolic processes in a living system.
Tools, Gaps and False Myths in Comparative Legal Research on Human Rights
Authors: La Spina Encarnación
Published: December 2019

In recent years, the comparative perspective has become increasingly used as a methodological approach to human rights research in the scientific literature. This paper is not intended to summarise the virtues and shortcomings that can be attributed to comparative legal research in the specific field of human rights. Rather, its aim is to critically reconsider its interdisciplinary role and, in particular, to reflect on two of the most popular methods in this field of research: legal comparison and the case study method. Firstly, this paper reviews the method in question, including its typologies and grounds for use. Secondly, it outlines the techniques that determine what and how to compare. Finally, a SWOT evaluation of comparative legal research on human rights is provided, identifying its strengths and weaknesses in order to dispel false myths.
Standardized mastication increases the coordination in masticatory activity in women with chronic temporomandibular joint disorders: a case control study.
Authors: Fassicollo Carlos Eduardo , Graciosa Maylli Daiani , Medeiros Daiane Lazzeri de , Soares Licerry Palma , Mochizuki Luis , Ries Lilian Gerdi Kittel
Published: December 2019

Background: The effects of jaw movement pattern on masticatory activity during chewing remains unclear in chronic temporomandibular joint disorders individuals. Objective: to assess the effect of habitual and non-habitual mastication patterns based upon the activation of the masseter and temporalis muscles in individuals with or without temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD). Methods: Fifty-four participants (age: 18–44 years) were divided into two groups: the TMJD (n=27) and control (n=27) groups. TMJD was identified using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles was measured during 2 tasks: habitual mastication with parafilm (HM) and non-habitual mastication with parafilm (NHM). MATLAB software was used to process electromyography (EMG) signals. The root mean square, symmetry index (SI%), anteroposterior coefficient (APC%) and torque coefficient (TC%) were determined from the processed EMG signal. Results: Reduced right masseter activation was observed for the TMJD group (p<0.05) during jaw agonist phase. During the jaw agonist phase, all muscles presented with more activation during NHM. Symmetry of temporalis (ST%) and APC% were the lowest for HM. TC% was increased for HM. Conclusion: Habitual and non-habitual mastication differ in masticatory activity during jaw agonist and antagonist phase and TMJD individuals presented a different way to recruit muscles under these circumstances. Non-habitual mastication has a more coordinating and stable motor pattern in masticatory activity and has less variability than habitual mastication to assess masticatory activity.
Evaluation of Ground‐Motion Models for U.S. Geological Survey Seismic Hazard Models: 2018 Anchorage, Alaska, Mw 7.1 Subduction Zone Earthquake Sequence
Authors: McNamara Daniel E. , Wolin Emily , Powers Peter M. , Shumway Alison M. , Moschetti Morgan P. , Rekoske John , Thompson Eric M. , Mueller Charles S. , Petersen Mark D.
Published: December 2019

Instrumental ground‐motion recordings from the 2018 Anchorage, Alaska (Mw 7.1), earthquake sequence provide an independent data set allowing us to evaluate the predictive power of ground‐motion models (GMMs) for intraslab earthquakes associated with the Alaska subduction zone. In this study, we evaluate 15 candidate GMMs using instrumental ground‐motion observations of peak ground acceleration and 5% damped pseudospectral acceleration (0.02–10 s) to inform logic‐tree weights for the update of the U.S. Geological Survey seismic hazard model for Alaska. GMMs are evaluated using two methods. The first is a total residual visualization approach that compares the probability density function, mean, and standard deviations σ of the observed and predicted ground motion. The second GMM evaluation method we use is the common total residual probabilistic scoring method (log likelihood [LLH]). The LLH method provides a single score that can be used to weight GMMs in the Alaska seismic hazard model logic trees. To test logic branches in previous seismic hazard models, we evaluate GMM performance as a function of depth and we demonstrate that some GMMs show improved performance for earthquakes with focal depths greater than 50 km. Ten of the initial 15 candidate GMMs fit the observed ground motions and meet established criteria for inclusion in the next update of the Alaska seismic hazard model.
Statistical Seismology and Communication of the USGS Operational Aftershock Forecasts for the 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska, Earthquake
Authors: Michael Andrew J. , McBride Sara K. , Hardebeck Jeanne L. , Barall Michael , Martinez Eric , Page Morgan T. , van der Elst Nicholas , Field Edward H. , Milner Kevin R. , Wein Anne M.
Published: December 2019

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a national capability for aftershock forecasting after significant earthquakes. Use of this capability began in August 2018, and the 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska, earthquake provided the first opportunity to apply this capability to a damaging earthquake in an urban area of the United States of America and observe how the forecast was discussed in the media. During this sequence, the forecasts were issued by a seismologist using interactive software that implements the Reasenberg and Jones (1989) model as updated in Page et al. (2016). The forecasts are communicated with a tiered template that provides basic information first before providing a more detailed numerical forecast and are posted on the mainshock’s event page on the USGS earthquake program. Experience from the Anchorage sequence showed that the process worked well, and the first forecast was issued only 54 min after the mainshock occurred. Updates over the coming days, weeks, and months adapted the forecast model from the initial generic parameters for the seismotectonic region to Bayesian and sequence‐specific models. Media reports accurately reported the forecast, demonstrating that the forecast template was successful except for a few reports that incorrectly merged the probability of one or more events in a given time–magnitude window with the likely range of the number of events. Changes to the template have been made to prevent that confusion in the future. We also released a special report on the possible duration of the sequence to assist in the federal disaster declaration and assistance process. Both our standard forecasts and this special report would benefit from more rapid determination of a sequence‐specific decay rate.
Diseño conceptual de un producto de ingeniería como estrategia creativa a partir del método de aprendizaje basado en problemas
Authors: Contreras Bravo Leonardo Emiro , Rodriguez Molano Jose Ignacio , Fuentes López Héctor Javier
Published: December 2019

This document describes the implementation and results of the problem-based learning method (ABP), as a strategy that fosters creative skills in students of applied mechanical matter. Initially a theoretical framework is developed associated with the evolution of traditional education towards one that strengthens the competences related to creativity and innovation which are not strongly developed. Subsequently, an approach is made to the problem in a case study (garbage generation in the residential urban area). From which devices are designed that help in the process of recycling and transport to the recyclers of Bogotá. It is proposed, the evolution of the type of traditional teaching currently practiced towards a methodology that allows greater participation and responsibility on the part of the student in their own learning and presenting an opportunity for the development of creative skills. Finally, statistics of the results of this work are presented, where the students state that solving real problems facilitates the assimilation of concepts and fosters their creativity. Results that are contrary to what happened with traditional education: monotony, student disinterest and poor application of concepts. The new strategies help the student to be active in their learning; faces him to acquire skills and attitudes that will be helpful in his profession.
Učinak količine i tipa dušičnoga gnojiva na agronomska svojstva duhana tipa virdžinija
Authors: Budimir Ankica , Šarčević Hrvoje , Lovrić Ana , Kiš Darko , Svitlica Brankica
Published: December 2019

Cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi učinak gnojidbe dušikom (N) od 30 odnosno od 45 kg/ha, kao i trima komercijalnim dušičnim gnojivima, CaNO3 (15% N), KAN (27% N) i YaraMilaTM Cropcare (8:11:23), na agronomska svojstva: prinos, cijenu i vrijednost suhoga lista, kao i na šest morfoloških svojstava duhana tipa virdžinija. U poljski pokus, proveden u četiri okoline, bila su uključena tri hrvatska kultivara duhana. Gnojidba dušikom imala je signifikantan učinak samo na komponente prinosa: duljinu, širinu i površinu 9. lista, čije su vrijednosti kod gnojidbe s 45 kg N/ha bile za 2,2; 3,5 odnosno 5,8% veće u odnosu na gnojidbu s 30 kg N/ha. Tip korištenoga dušičnog gnojiva nije imao signifikantan učinak niti na jedno ispitivano svojstvo. Uzorak korelacija između morfoloških i gospodarskih svojstava bio je pod utjecajem okoline, kao i razine gnojidbe. Iako nije utvrđen učinak gnojidbe na gospodarska svojstva, signifikantno povećanje komponenata prinosa kod gnojidbe s 45 kg N/ha, u usporedbi s 30 kg N/ha, upućuje na višu razinu gnojidbe kao jamstvo osiguranja visokih i stabilnih prinosa te kvalitete osušenoga lista.
Utjecaj sustava sjetve na prinos zrna kukuruza različitih FAO grupa
Authors: Banaj Anamarija , Stipešević Bojan , Petrović Davor , Tadić Vjekoslav , Banaj Đuro
Published: December 2019

U radu su prikazani rezultati prinosa zrna (kg ha-1) pri standardnoj sjetvi hibrida kukuruza i sjetvi u udvojene redove/sjetva u trake (engl. twin row sowing). Istraživanja su provedena od 2016. do 2018. godine na pokušalištu Fakulteta agrobiotehničkih znanosti, pokraj mjesta Tenja (45°31’1,83” s. z. š.; 18°46›37,5» i. z. d.). Na standardni sustav sjetve s razmakom redova od 70 cm sjetvom i sjetvom u udvojene redove s razmakom od 22 cm posijani su hibridi FAO grupa dozrijevanja: H1 = FAO 290, H2 = FAO 380, H3 = FAO 410, H4 = FAO 450 i H5 = FAO 590. U standardnoj sjetvi hibrid H1 ostvario je prosječni prinos od 11.450 kg ha-1, a sjetvom u udvojene redove 12.243 kg ha-1 zrna, odnosno 3,77-9,66% više od standardne sjetve, ovisno o godini uzgoja. Hibrid H2 sjetvom u udvojene redove ostvario je veći prinos za 6,46 do 10,97% u odnosu na standardnu sjetvu. Hibrid H3 u standardnoj sjetvi ostvario je prosječni prinos od 11.731 kg ha-1, a kod sjetve u udvojene redove 12.763 kg ha-1 (veći prinos zrna za 3,45-9,95%). Najveća razlika u prinosa zrna između sustava sjetve utvrđena je 2018. godine kod hibrida H4, koji je ostvario veći prinos sjetvom u udvojene redove, za 11,72%. Kod hibrida H5 utvrđene su najmanje razlike u prinosu zrna s obzirom na sustav sjetve, pa je u 2018. godina sjetva u trake ostvarila manji prinos za 0,59% s obzirom na standardnu sjetvu.
A study on prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in South India
Authors: V. Sarala , Gopalan Ushadevi
Published: December 2019

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a major health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries like India. Maternal and fetal outcomes are poor in pregnant patients with anemia. The most important cause of anemia is iron deficiency anemia which can be prevented by early oral iron supplementation.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of our tertiary care teaching institution for a period of one year. 1290 pregnant women coming to the antenatal OPD were screened for anemia and 490 women. Patients who were not anemic were excluded. 800 patients were enrolled in the study. Each patient was interviewed using a structured interview schedule and the data obtained was analyzed.Results: The percentage of anemia in pregnant women was 62% in our study of which 40% were mildly anemic, 55% were moderately anemic and 5% were severely anemic. Maximum number of anemic women -mild, moderate and severe was seen in the age group 20-24 years. Mild and severe anemia was seen more in the secondary educated women. Maximum percentage of anemia was seen in the lower socio-economic status followed by middle and was lowest in the higher socio-economic status group. Prevalence of anemia was almost equal in primigravida and multigravidas (around 50%) but 80% of severely anemic patients were multigravida. Almost 68% took iron and folic acid tablets regularly.Conclusions: Treating anemia in pregnant women will go a long way in improving maternal and fetal outcome. Hence a future healthy younger generation can be produced. Iron tablets can be distributed at school to young girls to prevent anemia in future women.
Las resonancias epistemológicas de convertir a Derrida en dramaturgo teatral
Authors: Poveda Jorge
Published: December 2019

Recogiendo la experiencia de la obra de teatro Higiene, trato de empatar los logros estéticos resultantes no de manera aislada sino como contraparte de un esfuerzo por aterrizar y asimilar tres conceptos fundamentales de la filosofía de Jacques Derrida. La parergonalidad, la descentralización y la deconstrucción fueron exprimidas hasta revelar su potencial dramatúrgico, siendo disparadores escénicos para poner en marcha una performancia teatral que colabore a amilanar la consideración del pensamiento como una facultad exclusiva de la mente, evidenciando la acción del cuerpo como un procedimiento que porta y produce conocimiento, en el contexto de la operación teatral.
Link
Authors: Garzón Mantilla Anamaría , Ponce Gabriela , Correa Marcela , Mora Genoveva
Published: December 2019

Conversación entre las editoras de esta edición, Gabriela Ponce y Marcela Correa, la editora general de post(s), Anamaría Garzón, y Genoveva Mora, directora de El Apuntador. Link es una reflexión sobre el tema tratado en esta edición de la revista.
Residencia artística permanente
Authors: Guayasamín Tamia
Published: December 2019

He desplegado mi investigación/creación en torno a la identidad mestiza en el marco de residencias artísticas, en un vaivén entre la práctica y la teoría. El encuentro con el pensamiento de Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui y el estudio de obras referenciales creadas por coreógrafas de la región, marcó la óptica de esta búsqueda. Este es el relato de un camino y de sus hallazgos: nuevos retos y preguntas para la creación.
Teatro Ojo: Teatralidades desplazadas y otros escenarios para escuchar
Authors: Ponce Gabriela , Teatro Ojo
Published: December 2019

Entrevista realizada por Gabriela Ponce a los integrantes de Teatro Ojo. Este grupo se forma en México en el 2002. Su trabajo genera desplazamientos de las formas teatrales y abre nuevas formas para concebir la escena. En esta entrevista, analizan su trabajo y hablan de las preocupaciones que rondan sus proyectos.
Obraz Boga w nauczaniu pasterskim biskupów radomskich na przestrzeni roku liturgicznego
Authors: Grudniewski Paweł
Published: December 2019

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy nauczania pasterskiego biskupów radomskich na przestrzeni lat 1992-2012 przedstawionego w kontekście stałych części roku liturgicznego, takich jak: Adwent, Boże Narodzenie, Wielki Post, Święta Wielkiej Nocy. Biskupi radomscy, posiadając uwrażliwienie na potrzebę kształtowania wiary powierzonych im „owieczek”, w ciągu 20 lat wystosowali 100 listów pasterskich starając się tłumaczyć istotne fundamenty wiary katolickiej. Pierwszy rozdział artykułu dotyczy tematu Adwentu jako czasu oczekiwania na przyjście Zbawiciela stawiając za wzór Maryję. Szczególną uwagę biskupi poświęcają kwestii przygotowania na przyjście Pana. Drugi rozdział, mówiący o Bożym Narodzeniu, koncentruje myśli biskupów na nowym życiu oraz jego obronie. Kolejny rozdział porusza kwestię Wielkiego Postu, przygotowania się przez post, modlitwę i jałmużnę do Świąt Wielkiej Nocy oraz paruzji. Ostatni rozdział odnosi się do centrum wiary katolickiej: męki, śmierci i zmartwychwstania Jezusa Chrystusa. Należy zauważyć, iż prezentowany artykuł jest prawdopodobnie pierwszym w Polsce opracowaniem nauczania biskupów radomskich w listach pasterskich na przestrzeni roku liturgicznego. Autor artykułu wyraża nadzieję, iż poczynione starania analizy tekstów biskupów radomskich przyczynią się do bardziej pogłębionych refleksji nad kierunkami dalszego pasterskiego nauczania.
Increased expression of ribosomal protein S2 in liver tumors, posthepactomized livers, and proliferating hepatocytes in vitro.
Authors: Kowalczyk Piotr , Woszczyński Marek , Ostrowski Jerzy
Published: December 2019

The ribosomal protein S2 (RPS2) is encoded by a gene from the highly conserved mammalian repetitive gene family LLRep3. It participates in aminoacyl-transfer RNA binding to ribosome, potentially affecting the fidelity of mRNA translation. These studies were designed to measure the expression of RPS2 during increased cell proliferation. Using Western and Northern blot analyses, we found that the levels of RPS2 protein and its corresponding mRNA were higher in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma, in mouse livers after one-third partial hepatectomy, and in serum-starved cultured hepatocytes following serum treatment. Our study shows that the increased expression of RPS2 correlates with increased cell proliferation. However, whether the altered expression of this protein reflects its involvement in cellular proliferation or represents an associated phenomena is still a key question that needs to be explored.
Adhesion properties of human bladder cell lines with extracellular matrix components: the role of integrins and glycosylation.
Authors: Lityńska Anna , Przybyło Malgorzta , Pocheć Ewa , Laidler Piotr
Published: December 2019

Integrin subunits present on human bladder cells displayed heterogeneous functional specificity in adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins (ECM). The non-malignant cell line (HCV29) showed significantly higher adhesion efficiency to collagen IV, laminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN) than cancer (T24, Hu456) and v-raf transfected (BC3726) cell lines. Specific antibodies to the alpha(2), alpha(5) and beta(1) integrin subunits inhibited adhesion of the non-malignant cells, indicating these integrin participation in the adhesion to ECM proteins. In contrast, adhesion of cancer cells was not inhibited by specific antibodies to the beta(1) integrin subunit. Antibodies to alpha(3) integrin increased adhesion of cancer cells to collagen, LN and FN, but also of the HCV29 line with collagen. It seems that alpha(3) subunit plays a major role in modulation of other integrin receptors especially in cancer cells. Differences in adhesion to ECM proteins between the non-malignant and cancer cell lines in response to Gal and Fuc were not evident, except for the v-raf transfected cell line which showed a distinct about 6-fold increased adhesion to LN on addition of both saccharides. N-Acetylneuraminic acid inhibited adhesion of all cell lines to LN and FN irrespective of their malignancy.
Effect of A(n) tracts within the UP element proximal subsite of a model promoter on kinetics of open complex formation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.
Authors: Kolasa Iwona K , Loziński Tomasz , Wierzchowski Kazimierz L
Published: December 2019

In the open transcription complex (RPo), Escherichia coli RNA polymerase sigma(70) and alpha subunits are known to be in contact with each other and with the promoter region overlapping the -35 hexamer and the proximal part of the UP element. To probe the effect of A(n) DNA bending tracts in this region on initiation of transcription, kinetics of the formation of RPo by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase at two groups of synthetic consensus-like promoters bearing single DNA bending tracts (i). A(5 )within the proximal subsite region of the UP element (promoters Pk and Pl) and (ii). A(5)(Pg) or A(8)(Pm) in the region including the downstream end of the proximal UP subsite and the -35 consensus hexamer was studied in vitro using the fluorescence-detected abortive initiation assay. The kinetic data obtained demonstrate that the overall second-order rate constant k(a) of RPo formation is: (i.by almost one order of magnitude larger at Pk and Pl, relative to that at a control unbent promoter, and mainly due to a higher value of the equilibrium constant, K(1), of the initial closed complex; and (ii). several-fold smaller at Pg and Pm owing to a strongly decreased value of K(1). For Pm, the latter parameter was found to be dependent exponentially on four Mg(2+) ions, as compared with the seven ions remaining in equilibrium with the initial closed complex at the parent Pa promoter. This indicates that promoter region bearing a stiff A(8).T(8) fragment of B -DNA forms a smaller number of ionic contacts with the alpha subunit. These findings provide a new insight to and support the present model of interactions between RNA polymerase alpha and sigma(70) subunits with the proximal UP subsite and the -35 region of promoters.
The effects of the interaction of myosin essential light chain isoforms with actin in skeletal muscles.
Authors: Nieznańska Hanna , Nieznański Krzysztof , Stepkowski Dariusz
Published: December 2019

In order to compare the ability of different isoforms of myosin essential light chain to interact with actin, the effect of the latter protein on the proteolytic susceptibility of myosin light chains (MLC-1S and MLC-1V - slow specific and same as ventricular isoform) from slow skeletal muscle was examined. Actin protects both slow muscle essential light chain isoforms from papain digestion, similarly as observed for fast skeletal muscle myosin (Nieznanska et al., 1998, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1383: 71). The effect of actin decreases as ionic strength rises above physiological values for both fast and slow skeletal myosin, confirming the ionic character of the actin-essential light chain interaction. To better understand the role of this interaction, we examined the effect of synthetic peptides spanning the 10-amino-acid N-terminal sequences of myosin light chain 1 from fast skeletal muscle (MLC-1F) (MLCFpep: KKDVKKPAAA), MLC-1S (MLCSpep: KKDVPVKKPA) and MLC-1V (MLCVpep: KPEPKKDDAK) on the myofibrillar ATPase of fast and slow skeletal muscle. In the presence of MLCFpep, we observed an about 19% increase, and in the presence of MLCSpep about 36% increase, in the myofibrillar ATPase activity of fast muscle. On the other hand, in myofibrillar preparations from slow skeletal muscle, MLCSpep as well as MLCVpep caused a lowering of the ATPase activity by about 36%. The above results suggest that MLCSpep induces opposite effects on ATPase activity, depending on the type of myofibrils, but not through its specific N-terminal sequence - which differs from other MLC N-terminal peptides. Our observations lead to the conclusion that the action of different isoforms of long essential light chain is similar in slow and fast skeletal muscle. However the interaction of essential light chains with actin leads to different physiological effects probably depending on the isoforms of other myofibrillar proteins.
Comparison of serological specificity of anti-endotoxin sera directed against whole bacterial cells and core oligosaccharide of Escherichia coli J5-tetanus toxoid conjugate.
Authors: Lukasiewicz Jolanta , Jachymek Wojciech , Niedziela Tomasz , Malik-Gebicka Malgorzta , Dzieciatkowska Monika , Lugowski Czeslaw
Published: December 2019

The rough mutants of Gram-negative bacteria are widely used to induce protective antisera but the nature of the target epitope for such antibodies is not precisely defined. Endotoxin is one of several antigens present on the surface of bacterial cells, which are able to elicit specific antibodies. We studied the specificity of antibodies produced against a conjugate of E. coli J5 endotoxin core oligosaccharide with tetanus toxoid. The use of chemically defined antigen for immunisation excludes the possibility of production of antibodies against other cell surface antigens. A comparison of this monospecific anti-endotoxin serum with antiserum against E. coli J5 whole cells was performed in order to distinguish the role that endotoxin core oligosaccharide plays in the interaction with humoral host defences from that of other potentially important Gram-negative bacterial surface antigens. The reactivity of both sera with smooth and rough lipopolysaccharides was determined in ELISA, immunoblotting and by flow cytometry. Both antisera reacted with similar specificity with most lipopolysaccharides of identical or related core type. Less distinct reactions with endotoxins of the antibacterial serum in comparison with the anti-conjugate serum were found in all serological tests. LPS of E. coli O100 that showed the strongest reactions with both sera was used to stimulate IL-6, TNFalpha and nitric oxide production by the J-774A.1 cell line. Both sera were used to inhibit that stimulation and no inhibitory effects of the examined sera in comparison with non-immune serum were observed.
Functionality versus strength -- has functional selection taken place in the case of the ecdysteroid receptor response element?.
Authors: Grad Iwona , Kochman Marian , Ozyhar Andrzej
Published: December 2019

Nuclear receptors are ligand-dependent transcription factors responsible for controlling differentiation, growth and development of higher eukaryotes. Three amino acids within the recognition alpha-helix of the DNA-binding domain of the nuclear receptors constitute the so-called "P-box" which determines response element specificity. In the ultraspiracle (Usp) protein, which together with EcR forms the heterodimeric ecdysone receptor, the P-box residues are E19, G20 and G23. Substitution of E19, the most characteristic amino acid for estrogen receptor-like P-boxes, with alanine showed that the mutation did not appreciably alter the affinity of the wild-type Usp DNA-binding domain (UspDBD(WT)) for a probe containing natural ecdysone response element (hsp27(wt)). Since in many cases E19 contacts a G/C base pair in position -4, which is absent in hsp27(wt), we analysed the interaction of UspDBD(WT), E19A and other P-box region mutants with the hsp27(wt) derivative which contains a G/C instead of an T/A base pair in position -4. UspDBD(WT) exhibited higher affinity for this element than for hsp27(wt). Moreover, a different interaction pattern of P-box region mutants was also observed. Thus we conclude that the E19 residue of UspDBD is not involved in any hsp27(wt) sequence-discerning contacts. However, substitution of the hsp27(wt) T/A base pair in position -4 with G/C generates target sequence with distinct functional characteristics and possibly with a new specificity. These results could serve as a basis for understanding the role of the presence of a T/A or G/C base-pair in the position -4 in the two types of ecdysone response elements found in nature.
Structure, catalytic activity and evolutionary relationships of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, the key enzyme of ethylene synthesis in higher plants.
Authors: Jakubowicz Malgorzata
Published: December 2019

Both ethylene and the enzymes of ethylene synthesis are subjects of intensive scientific investigation. The present review discusses structure, catalytic activity and evolutionary relationships of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, identified for the first time in ripening tomato in 1979. This enzyme is responsible for the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, which is the key step of ethylene synthesis in higher plants. The role of this enzyme (especially in the fruit ripening) was demonstrated in 1991 in transgenic tomato plants, expressing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase antisense RNA. On the basis of mutagenesis and crystallization of the enzyme, new data were provided on the three-dimensional structure and amino-acid residues which are critical for catalysis. The control of ethylene production is of great interest for plant biotechnology because it can delay senescence and overmaturation. These processes are responsible for large loss of vegetables and fruit on storage. Detailed structural and biochemical data are necessary to help design 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase inhibitors, whose application is expected to have immense agricultural effects.
Induction of the synthesis of an additional family of long-chain dolichols in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Effect of starvation and ageing.
Authors: Szkopinska Anna , Swiezewska Ewa , Rytka Joanna
Published: December 2019

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain W303 synthesizes in the early logarithmic phase of growth dolichols of 14-18 isoprene residues. The analysis of the polyisoprenoids present in the stationary phase revealed an additional family which proved to be also dolichols but of 19-24 isoprene residues, constituting 39% of the total dolichols. The transfer of early logarithmic phase cells to a starvation medium lacking glucose or nitrogen resulted in the synthesis of the longer chain dolichols. The additional family of dolichols represented 13.8% and 10.3% of total dolichols in the glucose and nitrogen deficient media, respectively. The level of dolichols in yeast cells increased with the age of the cultures. Since both families of dolichols are present in stationary phase cells we postulate that the longer chain dolichols may be responsible for the physico-chemical changes in cellular membranes allowing yeast cells to adapt to nutrient deficient conditions to maintain long-term viability.
Women’s Perception of Spousal Psychotic Disorders: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Koushan Mohsen , Shomoossi Nematullah , Parsaei Mehr Zahra , Rad Mostafa
Published: December 2019

Objective: Mental disorders are often accompanied by serious problems in personal and social communication, including marital problems. In this regard, women whose spouses have mental disorders are less likely to express their mental experiences and emotions due to the cultural barriers of the community. This study aimed to identify and explain the shared mental experiences of women whose spouses suffered from psychotic disorders.
Method: This was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach. In total, 15 women whose spouses were admitted to the psychiatric ward of a hospital due to psychotic disorders were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected by conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews on experiences of women regarding their spouses’ psychotic disorder. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis techniques.Results: In this study, 28 subcategories and 7 main categories (lack of intimacy, social constraints, dual emotions, confusion and mental exhaustion, fear and concern, coping strategies, and life problems) were developed.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, women whose spouses suffered from psychotic disorders experienced various psychological challenges. Therefore, it is recommended that the health care staff take such psychological challenges into consideration to design and implement effective strategies to solve the related problems.
TÜRK BORÇLAR KANUNU’NUN 352. MADDESİNİN ÜÇÜNCÜ FIKRASINA GÖRE KİRAYA VERENİN KİRA SÖZLEŞMESİNİ SONA ERDİRMESİ
Authors: DOĞU Hakkı Mert
Published: December 2019

Kira sözleşmesi, kiracı ile kiraya veren arasında akdedilen bir
sözleşmedir. Bu sözleşmede kiracı belirli bir bedel karşılığında kiraya
verenin taşınır veya taşınmaz malını kullanma ve ondan yararlanma
hakkını elde etmektedir. Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nun 299 ilâ 378. maddeleri
arasında kira sözleşmesi ayrıntılı bir şekilde düzenlenmektedir.
Kira sözleşmesinin sona ermesi, kira hukuku açısından son derece
önemlidir. Konut ve çatılı işyeri kiralarına ilişkin olarak kanun koyucu bazı
özel sona erme hâlleri öngörmektedir. Bunlardan bir tanesi Türk Borçlar
Kanunu’nun 352. maddesinin üçüncü fıkrasında düzenlenmektedir.
Kiracının veya birlikte yaşadığı eşinin aynı ilçe veya belde belediye sınırları
içinde oturmaya elverişli bir konutu varsa, kiraya veren kira sözleşmesini
sona erdirebilmektedir.
ZORUNLU MALİ SORUMLULUK (TRAFİK) SİGORTASI GENEL ŞARTLARI İLE GETİRİLEN YENİLİKLER VE DEĞİŞİKLİKLER
Authors: ASLAN DÜZGÜN Ülgen
Published: December 2019

Karayolları Motorlu Araçlar Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk (Trafik)

Sigortası Genel Şartları, 14 Mayıs 2015 tarih ve 29355 Sayılı Resmi

Gazetede yayınlanarak 1 Haziran 2015 tarihinde yürürlüğe girmiştir.

Daha sonra 2 şubat2 ve 2 Ağustos 20163 tarihlerinde yapılan değişikliler

ile Karayolları Motorlu Araçlar Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk (Trafik)

Sigortası Genel Şartlarına son şekli verilmiştir. Genel şartlar ile getirilen

bu değişiklikler ve özellikle destekten yoksun kalma taleplerine ilişkin

olanlar 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanununda da değişiklik yapılmasını

gerektirmiştir. Bu bağlamda 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanununda da

önemli değişiklikler yapılmıştır. Karayolları Motorlu Araçlar Zorunlu

Mali Sorumluluk (Trafik) Sigortası Genel Şartlarının bazı maddelerinin

iptali için Ankara Barosu tarafından açılan dava sonucunda da, Danıştay

15. Dairesi, 27 Haziran 2018 tarihinde oybirliğiyle bir takım maddelerin

iptaline karar vermiştir.

Çalışmamızda, anılan Tebliğ ve Kanun ile trafik sigortası alanında

yapılan değişiklikler ve getirilen yenilikler ele alınacaktır.
KATILIM BANKACILIĞI VE SUKUK UYGULAMALARI
Authors: ÜNLÜ Ufuk
Published: December 2019

İslami bankacılık ya da faizsiz bankacılık olarak da adlandırılan katılım

bankacılığı, özellikle son dönemde finans sektörünün ve bankacılık

sisteminin hızla büyüyen ve gelişen bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Katılım

bankacılığı, yatırım faaliyetleri alanında olagelen alacaklı borçlu ilişkisi

yerine, varlığa dayalı işlem yapması ve daha çok risk paylaşımına yönelik

ortaklık ruhunu gözetmesi nedeniyle, bankacılık sisteminin algısını

olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Her geçen gün pazar payını artıran katılım

bankacılığı, müşterilerine çeşitli bankacılık enstrümanı alternatifleri

sunmaktadır. Söz konusu faizsiz faaliyetlerden biri de sukuktur. Sukuk,

gerçek bir varlık üzerinde mülkiyet hakkı sağlayarak bu varlıktan gelir

elde edebilmeyi sağlayan yatırım aracı olarak bilinir.
Opodatkowanie dochodów zagranicznej spółki kontrolowanej w orzecznictwie sądów administracyjnych
Authors: Wrzesińska-Nowacka Aleksandra
Published: December 2019

Autorka analizuje orzecznictwo sądów administracyjnych dotyczące zagranicznej spółki kontrolowanej. Orzeczenia zapadły w sprawach ze skarg na indywidualne interpretacje przepisów prawa podatkowego. Zwraca uwagę na uwzględnianie przez sądy przy wykładni regulacji o CFC celu regulacji i dość szerokie interpretowanie pojęć: „udział w kapitale”, „przychody pasywne”. Wyraża pogląd, że wprowadzenie tych rozwiązań również w odniesieniu do osób fizycznych, mimo braku takiego obowiązku wynikającego z prawa unijnego, mogło być reakcją ustawodawcy na działania podatników – osób fizycznych, zmierzające do wykorzystania spółek zagranicznych osiągających przychody pasywne do obniżenia opodatkowania.
Mapa luki podatkowej w podatku dochodowym od osób prawnych
Authors: Jankowski Jakub
Published: December 2019

W krajach wysokorozwiniętych od lat funkcjonują rozwiązania ukierunkowane na ograniczanie rozmiarów luki podatkowej w poszczególnych podatkach, wykorzystujące tzw. mapę luki podatkowej. W przypadku podatku dochodowego od osób prawnych szacowanie wysokości i struktury luki podatkowej w podatku dochodowym od osób prawnych jest o wiele bardziej skomplikowaną materią niż w przypadku podatku VAT. Ministerstwo Finansów podobno posiada swoje szacunkowe wyliczenia w tym zakresie, jednakże do dnia dzisiejszego nie zostały one opublikowane. Dostępna literatura zagraniczna dotyczącą szacowania strat podatkowych budżetu państwa z tytułu luki podatkowej dotyczy jedynie wybranych (partykularnych) obszarów luki podatkowej. Ponadto możliwości jej zastosowania w specyficznych uwarunkowaniach polskiego systemu podatkowego są ograniczone. W niniejszej publikacji podjęta została próba stworzenia mapy luki podatkowej dla celów podatku dochodowego od osób prawnych.
An analysis of recovery probability from high somatic cell counts in UK dairy cows
Authors: Archer Madeleine , Taylor Nicholas , Hanks James , Gadanakis Yiorgos
Published: December 2019

This research used monthly milk recording data to explore how the probability of ‘recovery’ from high somatic cell count (SCC) is associated with different factors such as parity, stage of lactation, the magnitude of SCC and category of high SCC (e.g. new or chronic). The particular interest of this study was to identify the relative impacts of magnitude and category of high SCC on ‘recovery’, once the other factors were taken into account.

A high SCC (≥200 thousand cells/ml) is commonly associated with intra-mammary infection (IMI), one of the most economically important diseases faced by the dairy industry. High SCC is important in its own right because the bulk milk tank SCC is a determinant of the price farmers receive for their milk.

A high SCC may be transient, returning (‘recovering’) to low SCC at the next monthly milk recording. Better understanding of factors influencing the probability of ‘recovery’ from high SCC, could improve decision making on how to manage cows with high SCCs in the most effective manner to minimise both production loss and unnecessary interventions that may include antimicrobial use. In this study, different factors (SCC magnitude; category of high SCC, e.g. new or chronic; parity; and lactation stage) were analysed using a multilevel, mixed effect logistic regression model to assess the association with recovery probability. Data of 12,250 full lactation records from 499 milk-recorded UK dairy herds were used, from which 30,080 high SCC ‘cases’ were analysed.

In line with established evidence, increasing parity, increasing days in lactation and increasing magnitude of SCC are associated with decreased probability of recovery. The important result is that the category of high SCC is the most influential factor, with probability of recovery after two consecutive high SCC being around half or less the probability of recovery after just one high SCC. The results provide evidential support for category of high SCC to be used ahead of magnitude of SCC when advising farmers about prioritising high SCC cases for investigation and possible treatment, drying-off or culling.

Dairy herd management software companies should work with farmers and their advisors to ensure SCC data are presented in the most useful way, allowing easy interpretation and translation into the most effective interventions that can increase the efficiency of the dairy industry as well as avoiding needless or ineffectual interventions, that may include use of antimicrobials.
La agricultura sustentable: énfasis y línea de investigación en el doctorado y maestría en agrociencias
Authors: Sáenz Torres Santiago Manuel
Published: December 2019

La situación cambiante de la agricultura mundial y local, debido al incremento de la población, los cambios de patrones de consumo, el impacto del cambio climático, la globalización, inestabilidad y diversificación de los mercados, el cambio de uso de la tierra, la degradación de los recursos naturales y pérdida de biodiversidad, los requerimientos energéticos y las políticas de desarrollo rural, amerita una reflexión en la formación académica posgradual.
Es así como el doctorado y la maestría en Agrociencias de la Universidad de La Salle surgen apenas hace siete años como una gran apuesta investigativa al desarrollo rural colombiano. Con una malla curricular diseñada para facilitar el trabajo y la investigación interdisciplinar, sienta sus bases en las nuevas demandas mundiales y locales de innovación para la nueva ruralidad, bajo los esquemas de la complejidad de la agricultura tropical, en función de la cada vez más relevante bioeconomía. Siendo cinco las líneas de investigación del posgrado en Agrociencias: tres de ellas dirigidas a la reproducción, nutrición y salud animal; una a los estudios agrarios y ambientales, y una a la agricultura sustentable, esta última toma especial importancia a través de las sublíneas: agroecología, producción agroecológica; manejo ecológico e integrado de plagas, enfermedades y malezas; manejo poscosecha y transformación de alimentos; y manejo integrado de cuencas.
En el presente trabajo se hace una exposición a la comunidad académica andina del corto camino recorrido de esta última línea y énfasis, resaltando la riqueza del aporte del diálogo inter y transdisciplinar, el trabajo en redes, la inserción en la comunidad global del conocimiento y las perspectivas a futuro para aportar a solucionar la problemática del sector, dentro de los parámetros de la sustentabilidad en sus tres dimensiones
La educación rural “no es un concepto urbano”
Authors: Echavarría G. Carlos Valerio , Vanegas García José Hoover , González Meléndez Lorena , Bernal Ospina Julián Santiago
Published: December 2019

Este artículo pretende describir las condiciones de posibilidad de la educación y la construcción de paz que, maestras y maestros rurales, definen y ponen en discusión a propósito de tener que llevar sobre sus hombros el compromiso de sostener una educación rural de calidad. La visión de educación rural y para la paz que este escrito propone se deriva de la investigación “Construcción de paz territorial desde contextos educativos: desafíos para la formación de maestras y maestros rurales”.
Se trata de un estudio mixto que combina tanto metodologías cuantitativas para indagar por las capacidades políticas, éticas y ciudadanas de maestras y maestros de escuelas rurales con aulas multigrado, así como de metodologías cualitativas para explorar por sus saberes pedagógicos, y por sus perspectivas de la formación docente en asuntos relacionados con la educación rural y la construcción de la paz en la escuela rural.
Particularmente en este artículo se enfatizará en la naturaleza de la educación rural, desde sus miradas. Se concluye que la educación rural no es un constructo urbano, desde el cual comprender homogéneamente procesos de aprendizaje y de enseñanza permeados por condiciones y situaciones sociales, culturales, políticas y cognitivas específicas, de quienes están implicados en esta modalidad educativa. Se trata de una polisemia de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje contextual, in situ y encarnada en prácticas pedagógicas transformadoras, comunitarias e intencionadas políticamente
Bozburun Yarımadası (Marmaris-Muğla) Florasına Katkılar
Authors: Akbaş Kenan , Varol Ömer
Published: December 2019

Bu
çalışma, Bozburun Yarımadası’nın (Marmaris-Muğla) floristik yapısına katkı
sağlamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma alanı Davis’in kullandığı
kareleme sistemine göre C1 ve C2 karesinde bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, Nisan
2013 - Haziran 2015 tarih aralığında çalışma alanından toplanan bitki örnekleri
değerlendirilmiş olup 470 bitki taksonu tayin edilmiştir. Bu taksonlardan 27
tanesi mevcut floraya ilave olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu ilave bitki
taksonlarından, 7 (% 26) adeti Akdeniz elementi, 5 (%19) adeti Doğu Akdeniz
elementi, 3 (% 11) adeti Avrupa-Sibirya elementidir. Ayrıca, taksonların 12 (%
44) tanesi ya geniş yayılışlı ya da fitocoğrafik bölgesi bilinmemektedir.
Endemik bitki taksonları 4 adettir.
PERMINTAAN PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH BERDASARKAN TINGKAT INFLASI DAN SUKU BUNGA BI RATE PADA BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Jibril Hadira Thumaninah , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Kaluge David , Karim Kasnaeny
Published: December 2019

This study aims to analyze the level of murabahah financing that influences by the inflation rate and BI rate at sharia banks in Indonesia in 2013-2016. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that, partially, inflation has a positive significant effect murabahah financing. However, the BI rate has no significant effect on murabahah financing in sharia banks in Indonesia in 2013-2016. Simultaneously, inflation and BI rate had a significant effect on murabahahfinancing in sharia banks in Indonesia in 2013-2016. Therefore, the management of sharia banks in Indonesia should be more active in introducing sharia funding to society.
URGENSI IMPLEMENTASI LAPORAN BERKELANJUTAN (SUSTAINABILITY REPORTS) DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Miqdad Muhammad , Izzalqurny Tomy Rizky
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the urgency of implementing sustainability reports that supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the higher education level. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with the literature study and case study approaches. Data from the literature study were taken from various sources, i.e., research articles, books, websites, and other scientific references. Primary data from the case study were sourced from the results of the survey and interview at one of the state universities in Indonesia. The data processing and analysis include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion making. Results showed that various organizations have produced sustainability reports regularly. This finding implied that for higher education institutions (especially the university service agencies and legal entity for state universities), the regular publishing of sustainability reports is a manifestation of the transparency of organizational actions towards the environment and society and that it could be a good example for other organizations. Therefore, higher education institutions can have a significant role as the main pillar to support the implementation of SDGs programs in all sectors in Indonesia.