bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O ensino de geografia e a análise do conteúdo bioma caatinga nos livros didáticos do 7º ano
Authors: Alves Telma Gomes Ribeiro , Silva Fredson Pereira da , Costa Diógenes Félix da Silva
Published: August 2022

O ensino de Geografia deve contextualizar o que está presente no livro didático com a realidade do aluno, buscando estratégias de valorização desse espaço. Desse modo a presente pesquisa baseia-se nos seguintes problemas: como são abordados os conteúdos referentes ao bioma Caatinga nos livros didáticos de Geografia do 7° ano e se esses conteúdos despertam o interesse e a valorização do Bioma. Tendo como objetivo analisar como os conteúdos referentes ao bioma Caatinga são abordados nos livros didáticos de Geografia do 7° ano. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, com procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais. Inicialmente foi realizada a pesquisa bibliográfica referente ao Ensino de Geografia e o Bioma Caatinga e posteriormente a coleta de dados sobre o conteúdo bioma Caatinga presentes em nove coleções de diferentes autores e editoras. A partir dessa análise verificou-se que embora a Caatinga seja o único bioma exclusivamente brasileiro, ainda é pouco explorado nos livros didáticos, fato observado nas abordagens que se encontra em poucas páginas ou parágrafos. Nesse caso percebe-se a necessidade de materiais didáticos (regional/local) de apoio que possam complementar o livro didático e ao mesmo tempo promover seu conhecimento e valorização.
Um convite ao resgate da geopolítica: o atual conflito russo/ucraniano como pivõ
Authors: Sá Alcindo José de
Published: August 2022

O presente texto tem como objetivo fazer uma análise crítica da guerra entre a Rússia e a Ucrânia, ora em andamento. Para tanto, inicialmente, buscamos situar no tempo e no espaço a feitura histórica da Geografia Política e da Geopolítica dos seus territórios, ou seja, seus atores sociais, estruturas, processos funções e formas, como ressalta Milton Santos (1985), até desaguar no período Histórico atual lastreado pelo conflito, com ingerência global e, ainda, sem um vislumbre de acordo e paz. Como reforço ao entendimento dos territórios beligerantes, lançamos mão de aportes teóricos e metodológicos de geógrafos e não geógrafos estudiosos do, hoje, espaço russo/ucraniano. Serão relevados aspectos culturais, geográficos, históricos, políticos e econômicos de povos e suas diversificadas nações (por exemplo, Rus, Mongóis, Cossacos, etc.), no medievo e na modernidade capitalista, bem como suas lutas e conflitos que, historicamente, esquadrinham, dividem e fragmentam territórios, no bojo de suas estratégias geopolíticas. A feitura da antiga União das Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas, no pós Segunda Guerra Mundial e a Ucrânia como parte de seu território; a derrocada em 1989 da URSS, a “independência” da Ucrânia, o fortalecimento da OTAN e ingerência política mundial dos Estados Unidos, são eventos formatadores de um “novo mapa do mundo tecnólotra”, geograficamente cada vez mais fragmentado, e prenhe de novas estratégias geopolíticas, nas quais se encaixam o conflito russo/ucraniano.
Desain Pengembangan Kurikulum dan Implementasinya untuk Program Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Ghozil Aulia Muhammad , Agung Rokhimawan Mohamad , Nafiisah Jauharotun
Published: August 2022

Kurikulum merupakan program pembelajaran yang digunakan lembaga pendidikan untuk diterapkan pada peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang desain kurikulum dan implementasi kurikulum dalam pendidikan agama islam. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dalam memahami suatu fenomena yang dialami subjek atau objek penelitian, dengan metode deskriptif dalam bentuk kata-kata dan bahasa. Penelitian ini berisi rancangan desain kurikulum terkait penyusunan elemen kurikulum dalam perencanaannya digunakan untuk memfasilitasi pengembangan potensi siswa agar mencapai tujuan pendidikan. Tentang desain kurikulum yang eksis pada dua dimensi, horizontal dan vertikal. Komponen kurikulum di organisasi dalam beberapa kategori. Serta klasifikasi desain kurikulum sebagai modifikasi atau kombinasi tiga kategori utama: desain terpusat mata pelajaran (subject-centered design), desain terpusat siswa (learner-centered design), dan desain terpusat masalah (problem-centered design). Pada penerapannya, desain pengembangan kurikulum khususnya Pendidikan Agama Islam di lingkup sekolah atau madrasah mengalami perubahan-perubahan paradigma. Kurikulum didesain dan dikembangkan berdasarkan kebutuhan, minat, dan bakat siswa, dengan memperhatikan aspek psikologis peserta didik. Oleh karena itu, desain kurikulum pendidikan agama islam harus didesain dan diterapkan seefektif mungkin untuk mempermudah peserta didik dalam pembelajaran.
RANCANG BANGUN KETEL PIPA API MINI KAPASITAS 8 KG/JAM DENGAN TEKANAN 4 BAR
Authors: Manalu Josua Rudianto , Tarigan Ega Meininta , Nainggolan Rufinus
Published: August 2022

Ketel uap (boiler) merupakan bejana tertutup yang didalam nya berisi air untuk dipanaskan dan menghasilkan uap. Bejana bertekanan pada boiler umumnya mengunakan bahan baja dengan spesifikasi tertentu yang telah ditentukan dalam standard tertentu ASME ( American Society of Mechanical Engineers). Ketel uap sebagai komponen utama untuk proses produksi industri kecil dan industri besar contoh nya pada operasional rumah sakit yaitu sterilisasi dan laundry. Mini boiler ini dirancang dari bahan yang setara dengan baja karbon SA-106 dengan temperatur penggunaan maksimum 400-500˚C. Kemudian menentukan spesifikasi mini boiler yang ingin dirancang antara lain kapasitas uap 8 kg/jam, tekanan 4 barg ( jenuh saturasi) dengan bahan bakar LPG (Liqufied Petroleum Gas), nilai kalor LPG (HHV) 47081 kJ/kg (Pertamina). Dari hasil perancangan Uap aktual yang dihasilkan dari Mini Boiler ini sebesar 6,92 kg/jam. Bahan bakar yang dibutuhkan untuk mengasilkan uap sebanyak 6,92 kg/jam dengan tekanan 3 bar dan temperatur 250°C adalah sebesar 0.634359 kg/jam. Untuk jumlah LPG sebanyak 0,634359 kg dibutuhkan jumlah udara pembakaran (untuk stoikiometrik teoritis) sebesar 9,960223 kg. Nilai kalor Bawah  (Low Heating Value) LPG adalah sebesar 46454,31 kJ/kg. Jumlah  energi panas yang masuk ke ketel uap dari hasil pembakaran bahan bakar (Qin) adalah 29266,209 kJ/kg jam sedangkan jumlah energi berguna yang diserap air umpan sampai  terbentuknya uap dalam ketel uap (Qout) adalah sebesar 18044,938 kJ/kgjam. Effisiensi thermal ketel uap adalah sebesar 61,65%.
FORMULASI DAN ANALISA DESAIN EKSPERIMEN SEBAGAI STUDI PENDAHULUAN DALAM OPTIMISASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI BIJI DURIAN
Authors: Aditiya H.B , Theofany H.C.
Published: August 2022

Sebagai salah satu bahan bakar terbarukan, bioetanol merupakan bahan bakar alternatif yang dapat menekan efek buruk dari dampak polusi di lingkungan dan ketergantungan atas bahan bakar fosil. Studi ini merupakan studi pendahuluan dalam upaya optimisasi produksi bioetanol generasi kedua dari biji durian, dimana formulasi desain eksperimen akan difokuskan. Empat variabel berikut dengan rentang nilainya ditetapkan pada studi pendahuluan ini, yaitu berat massa substrat, konsentrasi NaOH, waktu hidrolisa dan suhu hidrolisa. Dengan menggunakan metode RSM berbasis Box-Behnken, 29 titik pengujian tercipta. Model prediksi kuadratik juga dianalisa lebih lanjut. Desain eksperimen yang dihasilkan pada studi ini berguna sebagai panduan pengujian lebih lanjut secara empiris.
ANALISIS PERFORMANSI MOTOR BAKAR PADA GENERATOR-SET DENGAN KAPASITAS DAYA 440kW II
Authors: Pakpahan B. , C. Silalahi  , Gultom D. , Sihombing E. , Simanjuntak J. , Munthe L. , Panjaitan P. , Lubis R.
Published: August 2022

Motor bakar adalah mesin kalor atau mesin konversi energi yang mengubah energi kimia dari bahan bakar menjadi energi mekanik berupa kerja. Salah satu jenis dari motor bakar yaitu mesin diesel. Mesin diesel merupakan motor bakar pembakaran dalam yang proses pembakaran bahan bakarnya terbakar sendiri tanpa menggunakan busi atau loncatan bunga api. Proses ini terjadi terjadi karena bahan bakar yang diinjeksikan ke dalam aliran udara panas dengan tekanan dan temperatur tinggi akibat proses kompresi di dalam silinder. Adapun parameter yang mempengaruhi performansi motor bakar jenis mesin diesel yaitu tekanan efektif rata-rata, daya indikator, daya poros, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik, efisiensi volumetrik, dan efisiensi termal. Dari hasil perhitungan dan analisa data diperoleh daya indikator 273 kW, daya poros sebesar 232,05 kW, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik 0,1745 kg/kWh, efisiensi volumetrik 95,4% dan efisiensi termal 54,3 %.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS HIGH PRESSURE HEATER UNIT 1 PLTU PANGKALAN SUSU OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
Authors: Lumbantobing Lestari Handayani , Sutrisno Joko
Published: August 2022

Alat Penukar Kalor adalah suatu alat yang digunakan untuk menukar atau mengubah temperatur fluida atau mengubah fasa fluida dengan cara mengubah kalornya dengan fluida lain. Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) adalah sistem pembangkit termal dengan menggunakan uap sebagai fluida kerjanya. Di dalam sistem PLTU Unit 1 Pangkalan Susu Operation And Maintenance Unit PT Indonesia Power menerapkan prinsip penukar kalor. Salah satu contoh Alat Penukar Kalor yang dipakai adalah High Pressure Heater (HPH). High Pressure Heater adalah alat yang berfungsi untuk memanaskan air umpan sebelum masuk ke boiler. Dengan beroperasinya High Pressure Heater, maka beban boiler akan semakin ringan, karena air yang masuk ke boiler memiliki temperatur yang tinggi. High presure heater pada PLTU Unit 1 Pangkalan Susu Operation And Maintenance Unit PT Indonesia Power terdiri dari 3 unit dan high pressure heater yang dianalisis adalah high pressure heater unit 2 dengan temperatur uap masuk 369,62oC, laju aliran uap 7,167 kg/s dan temperatur air umpan masuk 222,7oC dengan laju aliran air 157,778 kg/s. Tujuan dari penulisan tugas akhir ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari high pressure heater pada Unit 1 PLTU Pangkalan Susu Operation And Maintenance Unit PT Indonesia Power. Dari hasil Analisis, diperoleh efektivitas high pressure heater sebesar 93,53%.
Parallel scalable simulations of biological neural networks using TensorFlow: A beginner’s guide
Authors: Mohanta Rishika , Assisi Collins
Published: August 2022

Biological neural networks are often modeled as systems of coupled, nonlinear, ordinary or partial differential equations. The number of differential equations used to model a network increases with the size of the network and the level of detail used to model individual neurons and synapses. As one scales up the size of the simulation, it becomes essential to utilize powerful computing platforms. While many tools exist that solve these equations numerically, they are often platform-specific. Further, there is a high barrier of entry to developing flexible platform-independent general-purpose code that supports hardware acceleration on modern computing architectures such as GPUs/TPUs and Distributed Platforms. TensorFlow is a Python-based open-source package designed for machine learning algorithms. However, it is also a scalable environment for a variety of computations, including solving differential equations using iterative algorithms such as Runge-Kutta methods. In this article and the accompanying tutorials, we present a simple exposition of numerical methods to solve ordinary differential equations using Python and TensorFlow. The tutorials consist of a series of Python notebooks that, over the course of five sessions, will lead novice programmers from writing programs to integrate simple one-dimensional ordinary differential equations using Python to solving a large system (1000’s of differential equations) of coupled conductance-based neurons using a highly parallelized and scalable framework. Embedded with the tutorial is a physiologically realistic implementation of a network in the insect olfactory system. This system, consisting of multiple neuron and synapse types, can serve as a template to simulate other networks.
Evaluation of the WRF and CHIMERE models for the simulation of PM2.5 in large East African urban conurbations
Authors: Mazzeo Andrea , Burrow Michael , Quinn Andrew , Marais Eloise A. , Singh Ajit , Ng'ang'a David , Gatari Michael J. , Pope Francis D.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Urban conurbations of East Africa are affected by harmful
levels of air pollution. The paucity of local air quality networks and the
absence of the capacity to forecast air quality make difficult to quantify the
real level of air pollution in this area. The CHIMERE chemistry transport model has been used along with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model to run high-spatial-resolution (2 × 2 km)
simulations of hourly concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic
diameter smaller than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) for three East African urban
conurbations: Addis Ababa in Ethiopia, Nairobi in Kenya, and Kampala in
Uganda. Two existing emission inventories were combined to test the
performance of CHIMERE as an air quality model for a target monthly period
in 2017, and the results were compared against observed data from urban, roadside,
and rural sites. The results show that the model is able to reproduce hourly
and daily temporal variabilities in aerosol concentrations that are close to
observed values from urban, roadside, and rural environments. CHIMERE's
performance as a tool for managing air quality was also assessed. The
analysis demonstrated that, despite the absence of high-resolution data and
up-to-date biogenic and anthropogenic emissions, the model was able to
reproduce 66 %–99 % of the daily PM2.5 exceedances above the World Health Organization (WHO)
24 h mean PM2.5 guideline (25 µg m−3) in the three
cities. An analysis of the 24 h average PM2.5 levels was also
carried out for 17 constituencies in the vicinity of Nairobi. This showed
that 47 % of the constituencies in the area exhibited a poor Air Quality
Index for PM2.5 that was in the unhealthy category for human health, thereby exposing
between 10 000 and 30 000 people per square kilometre to harmful levels of air
contamination.
Investigating the loess–palaeosol sequence of Bahlingen-Schönenberg (Kaiserstuhl), southwestern Germany, using a multi-methodological approach
Authors: Schulze Tabea , Schwahn Lea , Fülling Alexander , Zeeden Christian , Preusser Frank , Sprafke Tobias
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Loess–palaeosol sequences (LPSs) are key archives for the
reconstruction of Quaternary environmental conditions, but there is a lack
of investigated records from the southern Upper Rhine Graben (southwestern Germany).
To close this gap, a LPS at Bahlingen-Schönenberg was investigated at
high resolution using a multi-method approach. Infrared stimulated
luminescence screening reveals a major hiatus in the lower part of the LPS
that according to luminescence dating is older than marine isotope stage
(MIS) 4. The section above the hiatus formed by quasi-continuous loess
sedimentation between ca. 34 and 27 ka, interrupted by phases of weak
reductive pedogenesis. The fact that this pedogenesis is much weaker
compared to corresponding horizons in the more northerly part of the Upper
Rhine Graben could be due to regionally drier conditions caused by a
different atmospheric circulation pattern at the time of deposition. Our
results reinforce earlier notions that the major environmental shifts
leading into the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) of southern Central Europe
significantly predate the transition of MIS 3 to 2 (ca. 29 ka). In
particular, the last massive phase of loess accumulation started several
thousand years prior to the arrival of glaciers in the foreland of the Alps,
which raises questions regarding the source and transport paths of the dust.
It is also noted that no loess dating to the LGM or the time thereafter was
observed due to either a lack of deposition or later erosion.
Improved maps of surface water bodies, large dams, reservoirs, and lakes in China
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Xiao Xiangming , Qin Yuanwei , Dong Jinwei , Wu Jihua , Li Bo
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Data and knowledge of surface water bodies (SWB), including large lakes and
reservoirs (surface water areas > 1 km2), are critical for
the management and sustainability of water resources. However, the existing
global or national dam datasets have large georeferenced coordinate offsets
for many reservoirs, and some datasets have not reported reservoirs and
lakes separately. In this study, we generated China's surface water bodies,
Large Dams, Reservoirs, and Lakes (China-LDRL) dataset by analyzing all
available Landsat imagery in 2019 (19 338 images) in Google Earth Engine and
very-high spatial resolution imagery in Google Earth Pro. There were
∼ 3.52 × 106 yearlong SWB polygons in China for
2019, only 0.01 × 106 of them (0.43 %) were of large size
(> 1 km2). The areas of these large SWB polygons accounted
for 83.54 % of the total 214.92 × 103 km2 yearlong
surface water area (SWA) in China. We identified 2418 large dams, including
624 off-stream dams and 1794 on-stream dams, 2194 large reservoirs (16.35 × 103 km2), and 3051 large lakes (73.38 × 103 km2). In general, most of the dams and reservoirs in China
were distributed in South China, East China, and Northeast China, whereas
most of lakes were located in West China, the lower Yangtze River basin, and
Northeast China. The provision of the reliable, accurate China-LDRL dataset
on large reservoirs/dams and lakes will enhance our understanding of water
resources management and water security in China. The China-LDRL dataset is
publicly available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16964656.v3 (Wang et al., 2021b).
Global hourly, 5 km, all-sky land surface temperature data from 2011 to 2021 based on integrating geostationary and polar-orbiting satellite data
Authors: Jia Aolin , Liang Shunlin , Wang Dongdong , Ma Lei , Wang Zhihao , Xu Shuo
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Land surface temperature (LST) plays a dominant role in the surface energy budget (SEB) and hydrological cycling. Thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing is the primary method of estimating LST globally. However, cloud cover leaves numerous data gaps in satellite LST products, which seriously restricts their applications. Efforts have been made to produce gap-free LST products from polar-orbiting satellites (e.g., Terra and Aqua); however, satellite data from limited overpasses are not suitable for characterizing the diurnal temperature cycle (DTC), which is directly related to heat waves, plant water stress, and soil moisture. Considering the high temporal variability of LST and the importance of the DTC, we refined the SEB-based cloudy-sky LST recovery method by improving its feasibility and efficiency and produced a global hourly, 5 km, all-sky land surface temperature (GHA-LST) dataset from 2011 to 2021. The GHA-LST product was generated using TIR LST products from geostationary and polar-orbiting satellite data from the Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Based on the ground measurements at the 197 global sites from the Surface Radiation Budget (SURFRAD), Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN), Fluxnet, AmeriFlux, Heihe River Basin (HRB), and Tibet Plateau (TP) networks, the overall root mean square error (RMSE) of the hourly GHA-LST product is 3.38 K, with a bias of -0.53 K and R2 of 0.95, and it was more accurate than the clear-sky CGLS and MODIS MYD21C1 LST samples. The RMSE value of the daily mean LST was 1.67 K. Validation results at individual sites indicate that the GHA-LST dataset has relatively larger RMSEs for high elevation regions, which can be attributed to high surface heterogeneity and input data uncertainty. Temporal and spatial analyses suggested that GHA-LST has satisfactory spatiotemporal continuity and reasonable variation and matches the reference data well at hourly and daily scales. Furthermore, the regional comparison of GHA-LST with other gap-free hourly datasets (ERA5 and Global Land Data Assimilation System, GLDAS) demonstrated that GHA-LST can provide more spatial texture information. The monthly anomaly analysis suggests that GHA-LST couples well with global surface air temperature datasets and other LST datasets at daily mean and minimum temperature scales, whereas the maximum temperature and diurnal temperature range of LST and air temperature (AT) have different anomalous magnitudes. The GHA-LST dataset is the first global gap-free LST dataset at an hourly, 5 km scale with high accuracy, and it can be used to estimate global evapotranspiration, monitor extreme weather, and advance meteorological forecasting models. GHA-LST is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6981704 (Jia et al., 2022c) and glass.umd.edu/allsky_LST/GHA-LST.
Estimating return intervals for extreme climate conditions related to winter disasters and livestock mortality in Mongolia
Authors: Haraguchi Masahiko , Davi Nicole , Rao Mukund Palat , Leland Caroline , Watanabe Masataka , Lall Upmanu
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Mass livestock mortality events during severe winters, a phenomenon that Mongolians call dzud, cause the country significant socioeconomic problems. Dzud is an example of a compound event, meaning that multiple climatic and social drivers contribute to the risk of occurrence. Existing studies argue that the frequency and intensity of dzud events are rising due to the combined effects of climate change and variability, most notably summer drought and severe winter conditions, on top of socioeconomic dynamics such as overgrazing. Summer droughts are a precondition for dzud because scarce grasses cause malnutrition, making livestock more vulnerable to harsh winter conditions. However, studies investigating the association between climate and dzud typically look at a short time frame (i.e., after 1940), and few have investigated the risk or the recurrence of dzud over a century-scale climate record. This study aims to fill the gaps in technical knowledge about the recurrence probability of dzud by estimating the return
periods of relevant climatic variables: summer drought conditions and winter minimum temperature. We divide the country into three regions (northwest, southwest, and east Mongolia) based on the mortality index at the soum (county) level. For droughts, our study uses as a proxy the tree-ring-reconstructed Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) for three regions between 1700–2013. For winter severity, our study uses observational data of winter minimum temperature after 1901 while inferring winter minimum temperature in Mongolia from instrumental data in Siberia that extend to the early 19th century. Using a generalized extreme value distribution with time-varying parameters, we find that the return periods of drought conditions vary over time, with variability increasing for all the regions. Winter temperature severity, however, does not change with time. The median temperature of the 100-year return period for winter minimum temperature in Mongolia over the past 300 years is estimated as −26.08 ∘C for the southwest, −27.99 ∘C for the northwest, and −25.31 ∘C for the east. The co-occurrence of summer drought and winter severity increases in all the regions in the early 21st century. The analysis suggests that a continued trend in summer drought would lead to increased vulnerability and malnutrition. Prospects for climate index insurance for livestock are also discussed.
An efficient probabilistic workflow for estimating induced earthquake parameters in 3D heterogeneous media
Authors: Masfara La Ode Marzujriban , Cullison Thomas , Weemstra Cornelis
Published: August 2022

Abstract. We present an efficient probabilistic workflow for the estimation of source parameters of induced seismic events in three-dimensional heterogeneous
media. Our workflow exploits a linearized variant of the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm. Compared to traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo
(MCMC) algorithms, HMC is highly efficient in sampling high-dimensional model spaces. Through a linearization of the forward problem around the
prior mean (i.e., the “best” initial model), this efficiency can be further improved. We show, however, that this linearization leads to a
performance in which the output of an HMC chain strongly depends on the quality of the prior, in particular because not all (induced) earthquake
model parameters have a linear relationship with the recordings observed at the surface. To mitigate the importance of an accurate prior, we
integrate the linearized HMC scheme into a workflow that (i) allows for a weak prior through linearization around various (initial) centroid
locations, (ii) is able to converge to the mode containing the model with the (global) minimum misfit by means of an iterative HMC approach, and
(iii) uses variance reduction as a criterion to include the output of individual Markov chains in the estimation of the posterior probability. Using
a three-dimensional heterogeneous subsurface model of the Groningen gas field, we simulate an induced earthquake to test our workflow. We then
demonstrate the virtue of our workflow by estimating the event's centroid (three parameters), moment tensor (six parameters), and the earthquake's origin
time. Using the synthetic case, we find that our proposed workflow is able to recover the posterior probability of these source parameters rather
well, even when the prior model information is inaccurate, imprecise, or both inaccurate and imprecise.
Conceptual Estimation Program Construction Costs and Material Needs
Authors: Paikun Paikun
Published: August 2022

The construction of simple houses is always done, to meet the needs of low and middle-income people. And every time you make a home, it requires a fee to buy materials, equipment and to pay workers. So estimating the cost and material requirements at an early stage is very important. But, there is no simple cost and material estimation method, at the conceptual stage, when there is very little data information, so this is a problem for non-professionals. The solution to the problem is a theory. The theory is a program which consists of models. So this study intends to create a program, as a conceptual estimate. The quantitative method in this study uses 36 data on the Budget Plan. The data is processed using the Burgerlijke Openbare Werken (BOW) method. Then the results of the data process were analyzed using the linear regression analysis method, to get the model. The models then form the formula for the program. So that in this study produce models and applications, to estimate the cost and material requirements for the construction of simple houses. Using the program, enter the building area data information, and automatically, the cost and material requirements for the development of a simple house will be predictable. This program is a simplification of the Burgerlijke Openbare Werken (BOW) method.
INTERCONNECTED DC MICROGRID FOR EFFICIENT USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Authors: S.K. Kesri  , P. Kumar
Published: August 2022

The use of a dc micro-grid with the interconnection of the main ac power supply, which is provided from renewable energy sources such as the sun, wind, and other sources, was investigated in this article. Micro-grids will play a significant role in the future development of the energy sector, but the generation phase may differ. In this article, we show that when we use green energy sources for dc applications such as smartphone chargers, laptop chargers, and LEDs, the performance of the dc micro-grid device improves by up to 40%. This is due to the reduction of ac to dc and back to ac, which results in excessive power conversion losses in the current system. The PIC16F73 microcontroller is used to power the micro-grid device and solar tracker, increasing the model's performance. When this sort of device is attached to a specific load, it uses more power during off-grid renewable generation, resulting in more pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform generation, demonstrating the system's failure compared to renewable energy sources.
Constructing and Testing a Vacuum Frying for Salacca Fruit Using a Reused Vacuum Pump
Authors: Irwansyah  , Ainun Rohanah  , Edi Susanto
Published: August 2022

Fruit chips are the result of the processing of horticultural produce that does not use high temperatures. The abundance of agricultural products in Indonesia and still not many agricultural product processing technology make the fruit frying business a good prospect. On the one hand, processing fruit chips with hight water content characteristics require a special frying technology called low temperature and pressure. On the other hand, this equipment is still not widely developed or even owned by small and medium enterprises. Therefore, this study aims to design and test a vacuum fryer for salacca. The vacuum method used is to use a vacuum pump recycled from the vacuum part of the cooling unit. The parameters observed were the effective capacity of the equipment, water content, and organoleptic test. The research results showed that the equipment's effective capacity was 0.26 kg/hr with 1.63% (w.b.) water content.
Decision Support System For New Employee Recruitment In PT. Prosweal Indomax Using The Simple Additive Weighting
Authors: Anti Aprianti  , Yayatillah Rubiati  , Muhamad Renaldi Aripin  , Cecep Warman  , Dudih Gustian
Published: August 2022

The eligibility for hiring new employees based on certain criteria that the company expects is something that is very rarely obtained. The acceptance process may result in inaccurate and productive decisions due to inefficient admission processes. There are several criteria in making decisions about the recruitment of new employees at PT. Prosweal Indomax, which is based on latest education, expertise, age and work experience. Purpose made This system is able to help make decisions to determine the optimal recruitment process using the method Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). This method was chosen because this method determines the weight value for each attribute, then is followed by a ranking process that will select the best alternative. The research was conducted by finding the weighted value for each criterion, and then creating a ranking process that would determine which alternative was the best applicant.
THE UTILIZATION OF DRILL CUTTING WASTE FOR BRICK MANUFACTURING
Authors: Saputri Utamy Sukmayu , Yuli Suharnoto  , Asep Sapei  , Niels vuegen
Published: August 2022

Chevron Geothermal Salak, Ltd (CGS) as one of the Geothermal Power Plants, to increase geothermal reserves, CGS conducts drilling and as is well known this activity produces a lot of drill cutting waste material so that it can quickly fill the temporary storage area. To overcome this, efforts should be made to reduce and / or utilize the waste. The effort is to use the material as a mixture of brick manufacturing. The purpose of this study is to be able to know the use of drill cutting waste as a raw material for brick manufacturing, to know the properties or characteristics and quality of drill cutting waste, and to be able to know the composition of the drill cutting waste mixture for brick manufacturing. The compositions used is drill cutting waste, soil stabilizer, and cement. In this study the compressive strength test was carried out at a maximum age of 28 days. It aims to find out the best mixture composition in the brick manufacturing, so that it gets high quality and can be used in the field. The results of this study can be concluded that by utilizing drill cutting waste as a material for making concrete blocks, it has achieved a compressive strength of 21.74 MPa that meets the quality requirements of concrete bricks in the quality level category IV. The brick products produced from the use of drill cutting can be used for drainage channels, trash container, pond walls, and retaining wall.
Automatic VLP’S Recognition For Smart Parking System
Authors: Iqbal Munawar  , Anisa Rizky  , Pajar Rusman
Published: August 2022

The system is designed as the authorized automatic vehicle identifier with respect to vehicle owner identification, for the security of the highly restricted areas like housing areas, defence military areas, parliament areas etc. Both of the number plate recognition and the vehicle owner recognition use the image identification technology. The image of the vehicle plate number and the vehicle owner are captured by using a camera and processed with MATLAB. The system contains an embedded section which controls the opening of the security gate and the communication purpose. The user interface provided at the entry/exit gate gives visual assistance to the driver, whether he/she is not permitted at this area or permitted. The entry of the unauthorized vehicle is restricted and the message is sent to the actual vehicle owner which is preregistered in the systems‟ database. The technology adopted in this research can be utilized not only for the security but also in other fields such as parking fee collection, automatic speed control, tracking stolen cars, automatic toll management and access control to limited areas, etc.
Lingkungan Fisik Rumah Sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Kecamatan Kebasen, Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Aryani Aisyah Apriliciciliana , Wardani Fernanda Lintang Kusuma , Rahardjo Setiyowati
Published: August 2022

Abstrak

Latar belakang: Kecamatan Kebasen merupakan wilayah dengan kasus tuberkulosis paru tertinggi se-Kabupaten Banyumas pada tahun 2019 dengan jumlah 39 kasus (2,27%). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meneliti faktor lingkungan fisik rumah (jenis lantai, pencahayaan, luas lantai, dan kepadatan hunian) dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di Kecamatan Kebasen, Kabupaten Banyumas.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara kepada responden dan pengukuran dengan menggunakan roll meter dan lux meter. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 60 responden dimana kelompok kasus 30 responden dan kelompok kontrol 30 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan adalah univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square.

Hasil: Hasil bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara luas ventilasi (p-value 0,000, OR = 13,75, 95% CI 3,917 – 48,266) dan pencahayaan (p-value = 0,0001, OR = 9,57, 95% CI 0,178 – 24,148) dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru.

Kesimpulan: Jenis lantai dan kepadatan hunian tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru. Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat memberikan edukasi dan arahan kepada masyarakat terkait kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan

Kata Kunci : Luas ventilasi, Pencahayaan, Tuberkulosis paru

 

Abstract

Background: Kebasen sub-district was the area with the highest pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Banyumas Regency in 2019 with a total cases was 39 cases (2.27%). The purpose of this study was to examine the physical environmental factors of the house (type of floor, lighting, floor area, and residential density) associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Kebasen District, Banyumas Regency.

Methods: This study used an analytical research design with a case-control approach. Data were collected through interviews with respondents and measurements using a rolling meter and lux meter. The research sample consisted of 60 respondents where the case group was 30 respondents and the control group was 30 respondents. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling. The data analysis was univariate and bivariate using the Chi-Square test.

Results: Bivariate results showed that there was a relationship between ventilation area (p-value 0.000, OR = 13.75, 95% CI 3.917 – 48.266) and lighting (p-value = 0.0001, OR = 9.57, 95% CI 0.178 – 24,148 ) with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Conclusion: Floor-type and occupancy density have no relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Health workers are expected to be able to provide education and direction to the community regarding the condition of the physical environment of the house that meets health requirements.

Keywords : Lighting level, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Ventilation area
Rolul diasporei în promovarea politicii externe
Authors:   Academia de Administrare Publică, Republica Moldova, Paunescu Cristina , Cebotari Svetlana ,   Universitatea de Stat din Moldova
Published: August 2022

Prin realizarea studiului dat a fost evidențiat rolul diasporei Republicii Moldova asupra politicii externe a statului. Au fost evidențierea problemelor cu care se ciocnesc cetățenii plecați peste hotare și modalitățile de soluționare a acestora, corelate la acțiunile de politică externă ale țării noastre. În realizarea scopului au fost propuse următoarele obiective: sistematizare conceptele teoretice cu privire la diaspora și politică externă; analiza surselor istoriografice care s-au preocupat de cercetarea rolului diasporei moldovenești în promovarea politicii externe a Republicii Moldova; cercetarea rolul diasporei moldovenești în promovarea imaginii favorabile a Republicii Moldova.
Instrumentele internaţionale şi aspecte procedurale în procesul de evitare a dublei impuneri fiscale prin prisma aplicării tratatelor internaţionale în Republica Moldova
Authors:   Academia de Administrare Publică, Republica Moldova, Cazacu Vitalie , Mariţ Alexandru ,   Academia de Administrare Publică, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2022

Dubla impozitare este o barieră în calea dezvoltării relațiilor economice internaționale. Prin urmare, este necesar să se creeze mecanisme de prevenire a dublei impuneri prin acorduri privind evitarea dublei impuneri. Crearea unor mecanisme de prevenire a dublei impuneri la nivel internațional stabilește regulile jocului în acest domeniu al dreptului internațional. Însă acordurile între state privind evitarea dublei impuneri sunt de importanță practică pentru atingerea acestui obiectiv.
Миграция интеллектуалов в контексте современной мировой экономической системы
Authors:   Академия Публичного Управления, Республика Молдова, Хабаши Манал , Головатая Людмила ,   Академия Публичного Управления, Республика Молдова
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматриваются социально-экономические аспекты развития миграционных процессов, в том числе определение места миграции интеллигенции в международной миграции и современной мировой экономической системе в целом. Раскрывается влияние современного рынка труда на миграцию высококвалифицированных специалистов, а также роль израильских ученых в производстве и внедрении научных знаний, включая результаты академических исследований и разработок в Израиле
Perspectiva conferirii caracterului obiectiv al răspunderii contravenționale și penale pentru faptele cauzatoare de daune de mediu
Authors:   Academia ”Ștefan cel Mare” a Ministerului Afacerilor Interne, Republica Moldova, Crețu Andrian
Published: August 2022

În situația în care căile de prejudiciere componentelor de mediu, în ultimul timp, a devenit tot mai sofisticate și greu de sesizat, punând în pericol existența omului pe pământ, mecanismele juridice de protecție a mediului urmează a-și schimba și ele înfățișarea, devenind mult mai agresive și necruțătoare, aplicate fără a se mai ține cont de anumite reguli și prezumții în spatele cărora de mult timp se ascund făptuitorii. Deși dreptul penal, dar deopotrivă, și cel contravențional nu se pot lăsa de principiul prezumției de nevinovăție, principiul umanismului, principiul individualizării răspunderii, astăzi acestea trebuie de lăsat în umbră în favoarea fundamentării principiului răspunderii obiective pentru daune de mediu în cadrul tuturor formelor de răspundere. Pentru aceasta, consacrarea respectivei modalități de răspundere trebuie să aibă la temelie argumente serioase și greu de combătut, acestea izvorând din specificul dăunării, constatării, evaluării prejudiciului, demascării făptuitorului, precum și cel al ireversibilității componentelor de mediu afectate
Migration of intellectuals in the context of the modern world economic system
Authors:   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova, Habashi Manal , Golovataia Ludmila ,   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova
Published: August 2022

The article examines the social and economic aspects of the development of migration processes, including the determination of the place of migration of intellectuals in international migration and the modern world economic system in general. The influence of the modern labor market on the migration of highly qualified specialists, as well as the role of Israeli scientists in the production and implementation of scientific knowledge is revealed including the academic R&D Outputs in Israel.
Medicinal plants in a seborrheic scalp care
Authors:   Koło Naukowe, Wyższa Szkoła Inżynierii i Zdrowia w Warszawie, Kowalczyk Agata , Adamska-Szewczyk Aldona ,   Koło Naukowe, Wyższa Szkoła Inżynierii i Zdrowia w Warszawie
Published: August 2022

Seborrhea is a serious dermatological problem which concerns disturbances in the activity of the skin sebaceous glands. It is based on the microbiota changes with fungal disorders. An important role in seborrhea play genetic factors, hormonal diseases, improper diet, deficiencies of certain vitamins and external factors, such as inadequate care treatments. The aim of the study was to analyze plant materials exhibiting a high anti-seborrhoeic potential and to review current studies of selected plant extracts with anti-seborrheic activity and their possible therapeutic effects. In addition to personalized therapy that allows the normalization of the work of the sebaceous glands, cosmetic treatments and topical application of appropriate medicinal plant-based products are also important. Acquiring and planning a well-chosen composition of highly effective plant extracts allows to create a natural cosmetic that safely reduce seborrhea without any additional side effects.
Corporate Governance and Earnings Quality of Selected Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria
Authors: Ugo Chibuike Camillus
Published: August 2022

The need to improve on earnings quality is a problem that corporate regulators strive to resolve through the establishment of various mechanisms. This study investigated the relationship between corporate governance and earnings quality of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the relationship between board of directors’ independence, internal audit quality, auditor independence and accrual quality value relevance of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The ex-post facto research design was utilized while 65 selected manufacturing firms between 2008 to 2017 were used as the population. The published fact-books of companies were obtained from the Nigeria Stock Exchange. The entire 65 companies were used as the sample size for the study. The Ordinary Least Square method of regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses through E-view 10 version software. The results revealed a positive and insignificant relationship between board of directors’ independence and accrual quality of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria, and a positive and significant relationship between internal audit quality and accrual quality of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Finally, the study revealed a positive and insignificant relationship between auditor independence and accrual quality of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study recommended that investors and managers of selected manufacturing companies that are viewed to be founded on company statute should never rely solely on the existence of non-executive board of directors to monitor and improve the quality of accruals, since in real life it may be near impossible to find board of directors that are truly “independent”. Also, company auditors saddled with the responsibility of the “policeman” and reviewing corporate financial records should collaborate with other corporate regulatory bodies, such as Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria and Security and Exchange Commission, to ensure that internal audit functions become legally independent and driven for improvement in accrual quality. Finally, professional accounting bodies in Nigeria such as Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) and Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN), whose members belong to the big 4 audit firms in Nigeria, should advice corporate bodies in Nigeria to train and retrain their accounting staff, so as to place more reliance on them rather than on the external accounting firms. This is because the auditor independence which is related to the external environment cannot alone guarantee quality in reported accruals.
Reducing Obstetric Errors and Improving Patient Safety
Authors: Maharaj Niren Ray
Published: August 2022

The first global initiative to improve patient safety was passed by the World Health Assembly in 2002. Notwithstanding, patients continue to experience healthcare related harms despite advancements in medical technologies. Patient safety strategies do exist in certain institutions; however, they may not be consistent, well applied or appreciated by all staff. Errors in obstetric care are common due to the dynamic nature of the discipline and are associated with a high incidence of litigation, which drives interest away from obstetric practice. This article aims to improve our understanding of medical errors and related terminology, explore strategies to reduce errors in obstetrics and improve patient safety in all areas of care. Reporting systems and guidelines are also suggested with a view to achieving improved patient outcomes in the field.
Optimizing the learning process of multi-layer perceptrons using a hybrid algorithm based on MVO and SA
Authors: Yılmaz Ömer , Altun Adem Alpaslan , Köklü Murat
Published: August 2022

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are one of the artificial intelligence techniques used in real-world problems and applications encountered in almost all industries such as education, health, chemistry, food, informatics, logistics, transportation. ANN is widely used in many techniques such as optimization, modelling, classification and forecasting, and many empirical studies have been carried out in areas such as planning, inventory management, maintenance, quality control, econometrics, supply chain management and logistics related to ANN. The most important and just as hard stage of ANNs is the learning process. This process is about finding optimal values in the search space for different datasets. In this process, the values generated by training algorithms are used as network parameters and are directly effective in the success of the neural network (NN). In classical training techniques, problems such as local optimum and slow convergence are encountered. Meta-heuristic algorithms for the training of ANNs in the face of this negative situation have been used in many studies as an alternative. In this study, a new hybrid algorithm namely MVOSANN is suggested for the training of ANNs, using Simulated annealing (SA) and Multi-verse optimizer (MVO) algorithms. The suggested MVOSANN algorithm has been experimented on 12 prevalently classification datasets. The productivity of MVOSANN has been compared with 12 well-recognized and current meta-heuristic algorithms. Experimental results show that MVOSANN produces very successful and competitive results.