bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forecasting of Economic Indicators (Production, Consumption, Population) of Wheat Crop (A Case Study)
Authors: Mohammad Karim Ahmadzai
Published: January 2022

Wheat is the most important food crop in Afghanistan, whether consumed by the bulk of the people or used in various sectors. The problem is that Afghanistan has a significant shortfall of wheat between domestic production and consumption. Thus, the present study looks at the issue of meeting self-sufficiency for the whole population due to wheat shortages. To do so, we employ time series analysis, which can produce a highly exact short-run prediction for a significant quantity of data on the variables in question. The ARIMA models are versatile and widely utilised in univariate time series analysis. The ARIMA model combines three processes: I the auto-regressive (AR) process, (ii) the differencing process, and (iii) the moving average (MA) process. These processes are referred to as primary univariate time series models in statistical literature and are widely employed in various applications. Where predicting future wheat requirements is one of the most important tools that decision-makers may use to assess wheat requirements and then design measures to close the gap between supply and consumption. The present study seeks to forecast Production, Consumption, and Population for the period 2002-2017 and estimate the values of these variables between 2002 and 2017. (2018-2030).
The Hungarian factor and the specific features of Transylvanian politics (1989–2000)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Putintsev Igor S.
Published: January 2022

This study examines the specific features of Transylvanian politics, which is influenced by its ethnic, cultural, and confessional diversity. The political role of the Hungarian minority and Romanian nationalists in the 1990s is analyzed. The study also focuses on how the main Romanian parties and political blocs influenced regional politics. The changing views of the Democratic Alliance of the Hungarians in Romania on the autonomy issue and the problems that resulted from its attempts to raise this issue are also examined.
The interests of Poland and the future of Europe in the views of radical rightwing Polish politicians
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nemensky Oleg B.
Published: January 2022

This chapter analyzes the views of Polish far-right politicians on the future of Europe and Poland's place in the European Union. The author offers a typology of organizations with more pronounced right-wing tendencies than the ruling “Law and Justice” party. Particular attention is paid to the regional and Pan-European ideological contexts.
On $k$-Generalized $\psi$-Hilfer Boundary Value Problems with Retardation and Anticipation
Authors: ABDELKRİM Salim , BENCHOHRA Mouﬀak , LAZREG Jamal Eddine , HENDERSON Johnny
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we prove some existence and uniqueness results for a class of boundary valued problems for implicit nonlinear

$k$-generalized $\psi$-Hilfer fractional differential equations involving both retarded and advanced arguments. Further, examples are given to illustrate the viability of our results.
Serendipity and the mind’s buffer zone
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: January 2022

I briefly discuss about the information of serendipity in the Mindsponge framework's buffer zone.
Analisis Kualitas Soal Try-Out Bahasa Inggris SMP di Kota Makassar Berdasarkan Teori Respon Butir
Authors: Shabir Achmad
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to describe the quality of English testing intrument used in Try Out National Exam conducted by 40 Junior High Schools in Makassar-Sulawesi Selatan, using Item Response Theory (IRT) especially based on one (1PL), two (2PL), and three (3PL) parameters models. The data consist of 1.267 student’s answer sheets and the test has 50 multiple choice items. Results showed that the test is preferably good at both item difficulty and item dicrimination as suggest by 1PL and 2PL estimation. But at 3PL estimation, the test unable to discriminate students ability, while 38 % of the items were easy to guess.
Quyền từ chối trích dẫn - phải chăng là một sự đi ngược lại với văn hoá trích dẫn khoa học?
Authors: Ngọc Lương
Published: January 2022

Một nghiên cứu – công bố về một vấn đề hiếm gặp về quyền từ chối trích dẫn trên tạp chí Scientometrics (Nhà xuất bản Springer).
Thе Еffеct of Еducational Yеar on thе Living Еnvironmеnt in Indonеsia: A Quantitativе Analysis
Authors: Lе Trаng , Nguyеn My , Le Kien
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This study aims to еxaminе whеthеr еducatеd Indonеsians livе wеalthiеr lifе. According to thе study, Indonеsian with morе еducation arе wеalthiеr than Indonеsian with lеss еducation. In quantitativе tеrms, onе еducational yеar in Indonеsia is associatеd with a 0.066 standard dеviation incrеasе in Indonеsian wеalth indеx, complеting primary schooling raisеs Indonеsian wеalth indеx by 0.365 standard dеviations, and complеting sеcondary schooling raisеs Indonеsian wеalth indеx by 0.453 standard dеviations.
Analisis Video Views to Followers Ratio Instagram Pada 5 Brand Gaming Gear Lokal Terbaik
Authors: Putra I Wayan Arya Pratama
Published: January 2022

Instagram merupakan salah satu dari bagian komunikasi, yaitu komunikasi visual yang mana komunikasi visual ini dapat membangun citra seseorang, Instagram memiliki 700 juta pengguna aktif secara global. Instagram berasal dari kata “insta” yang mengacu pada kata “instan”, sama halnya seperti kamera polaroid yang mana kamera tersebut menghasilkan foto secara langsung atau instan dan “gram” yang berasal dari kata telegram, dimana telegram berfungsi untuk mengirimkan informasi kepada orang banyak. Dengan banyaknya pengguna Instagram yang ada di Indonesia ini menjadikan kesempatan bagi brand untuk memasarkan produk mereka. Salah satunya adalah brand-brand gaming gear, mereka memasarkan produk mereka di Instagram dengan harapan mendapatkan pelanggan. Adapun 5 Brand Gaming Gear Lokal Terbaik, yang menggunakan Instagram untuk media promosi mereka. Adapun 5 Brand Gaming Gear Lokal Terbaik tersebut adalah: NYK NEMESIS, REXUS ID, Fantech ID, Vortex Series, Digital Aliance. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kredibilitas performa dari akun Instagram 5 Gaming Gear Lokal Terbaik menggunakan Video Views to Followers Ratio. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksploratif kuantitatif, dan akan menghitung menggunakan rasio-rasio yang ada pada Instagram.
Yale University Library Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Library Yale University
Published: January 2022

Yale University Library holding of the title Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá (published by Hanoi-based National Political Publishing House, Vietnam, 2009).
The National Library of Australia holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Library of Australia
Published: January 2022

The holding of Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá by the National Library of Australia. The title was published by NXB Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật Hà Nội (the National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, Vietnam). First edition: May 2009.
On war, survival, and serendipity
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: January 2022

I briefly discuss serendipity in wars and conflicts.
PENGARUH SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Ananda Risma , SARI FAVIOLA ID'HARETNA , Diah Aysha
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Perusahaan.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif.Metode deskriptif yaitu, metode yang didasarkan pada data yang ada pada masa sekarang atau penyelidikan yang bertujuan pada pemecahan masalah yang ada pada masa sekarang.Menggunakan metode deskriptif karena dalam melakukan penelitian dibutuhkan data yang relevan untuk mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan dan dapat tercapai sesuai dengan kegunaan tertentu.Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka (library research).Penelitian pustaka dilakukan dengan mengkaji buku-buku dan macam media penulisan lainnya yang ilmiah, dimaksudkan untuk menambah referensi pendukung tentang teori-teori ilmiah yang dapat berkaitan dengan topik penelitian dalam rangka penyusunan laporan. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem informasi akuntansi memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan perusahaan.
Asuhan Keperawatan Psikososial Dengan Masalah Ansietas Pada Pasien Stoke Hemoregik: Studi Kasus
Authors: Saragih Sani Vandea Merisa
Published: January 2022

Stroke merupakan penyakit pembunuh nomer 3 yang ada di indonesia. Masalah keperawatan yang dapat muncul pada klien stroke adalah perubahan presepsi sensori, gangguan mobilitas fisik, resiko integritas kulit, gangguan reflek menelan, kesimbangan nutrisi kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh, defisit perawatan diri danketidakberdayaan. Gangguan psikologis secara umum yang muncul pada klien stroke antara lain ketidakberdayaan
AKHLAK KEPADA ALLAH, RASULULLAH, MANUSIA DAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Ma'rifa
Published: January 2022

Akhlak merupakan tingkah laku atau sikap seseorang yang sudah menjadi kebiasaansetiap individu, dan kebiasaan tersebut selalu terlihat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.Berakhlak dengan akhlak yang disyariatkan dalam Islam, bukan hanya kepada sesamamausia tetapi juga kepada sang Khaliq yaitu Allah SWT, kepada Rasulullah SAW danLingkungan Alam. Kenapa kita harus berakhlak kepada Allah ? ada tiga alasannya,Pertama karena Allah SWT-lah yang menciptakan manusia. Kedua karenaAllah SWT-lah yang telah memperlengkapkan panca indera, berupa pendengaran,penglihatan, akal fikiran dan hati, serta anggota badan yang kokoh dan sempurnakepada manusia. Ketiga, karena Allah SWT-lah yang menyediakan berbagai bahan dansarana yang diperlukan bagi kelangsungan hidup manusia. Maka dari itu kita sebagaiumat islam harus tunduk dan patuh atas segala perintah dan larangannya..
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN PT. INDOJAYA
Authors: Ananda Risma , SARI FAVIOLA ID'HARETNA , Diah Aysha
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem pengendalian manajemen terhadap kinerja perusahaan pada PT. INDOJAYA. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survey melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik sampel menggunakan purposive sampling berjumlah 32 responden yang disebarkan kepada karyawan bagian akuntansi dan karyawan yang ikut berpartisipasi dalam bidang penganggaran di kawasan perusahaan PT. INDOJAYA. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan uji validitas, reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian manajemen berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perusahaan, sedangkan pengendalian internal tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan.
Một trăm ngày có lẻ của ông Phạm Minh Chính trên cương vị Thủ tướng
Authors: Phan Huỳnh
Published: January 2022

(Báo Xây dựng, ngày 27-7-2021; tác giả: Huỳnh Phan) - Ngày 26/7, ông Phạm Minh Chính, lần thứ hai trong vòng hơn 100 ngày có lẻ, đã tuyên thệ nhậm chức Thủ tướng. Lần đầu ông làm điều này là ngày 5/4/2021, trong phiên họp cuối cùng của Quốc hội khóa trước, chuẩn bị cho ngày bầu cử Quốc hội khóa mới.
Temple University Library Holding Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Library Temple University
Published: January 2022

Temple University Library Catalog, holding Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá, published in 2009 by the National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, Vietnam (in Vietnamese). The book's first author is Vietnam's current Prime Minister, Prof. Phạm Minh Chính (taking office since May 2021).
University of Michigan Library Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Arbor Library Universit of Michigan Ann
Published: January 2022

The University of Michigan's Library Holding of the title Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá, published in 2009 by Hanoi-based the National Political Publishing House, Vietnam.
Thе Rеlationship bеtwееn Еducational Achiеvеmеnt, Lifе Quality, and Wеalth Indеx in Kеnya
Authors: Lе Trаng , Nguyеn My , Le Kien
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This study aims to еxaminе whеthеr еducatеd Kеnyans livе wеalthiеr lifе. According to thе study, Kеnyan with morе еducation arе wеalthiеr than Kеnyan with lеss еducation. In quantitativе tеrms, onе еducational yеar in Kеnya is associatеd with a 0.046 standard dеviation incrеasе in Kеnyan wеalth indеx, complеting primary schooling raisеs Kеnyan wеalth indеx by 0.235 standard dеviations, and complеting sеcondary schooling raisеs Kеnyan wеalth indеx by 0.345 standard dеviations.
On serendipity and innovations in public health
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: January 2022

I briefly discuss about serendipity in the cases of penicillin discovery and Covid-19 vaccine research.
Pancasila Sebagai Wawasan Nusantara
Authors: Sakinah Mutiara
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran mengenai kedudukan Bhineka Tunggal Ika diMasa Pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian studi pustaka. Informasi yangdiambil berupa hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan konsep kebhinnekaan dan pandemi Covid-19.Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dengan menelusuri sumber buku,jurnal, dan sumber internet yang relevan. Sebagai bangsa yang memegang teguh semboyanBhinneka Tunggal Ika sudah sepatutnya bisa mengamalkan semboyan tersebut dalamberbagai hal situasi yang mengancam robohnya persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa. Kebajikanwarga negara dalam bentuk mengamalkan dan mengetahui kedudukan Bhinneka Tunggal Ikadi kalangan masyarakat dapat dicapai dengan pengetahuan dan kepedulian masyarakat itusendiri. Kedudukan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika sangat berperan penting dalam memperkokohPersatuan dan Kesatuan Negara Republik Indonesia di masa pandemi seperti ini. Denganmenerapkan konsep Bhinneka Tunggal Ika dengan kebersamaan tanpa membeda-bedakan,diharapkan kita dapat bersama-sama melawan Covid-19 tanpa membedakan golonganataupunlatarbelakang pekerjaan
Problematika Akidah Di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Nurhidayati Eka
Published: January 2022

Akidah erat hubungannya dengan akhlak, karena akhlak tersarikan dari akidah dan pancaran dirinya. Oleh karena itu jika seorang berakidah dengan benar, maka akhlak nya pun akan benar, baik, dan lurus. Begitu pula sebaliknya, jika akidah salah, maka akhlak nya pun akan salah.
Arizona State University Library, Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: University Library Arizona State
Published: January 2022

Arizona State University Library, Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá (published by Hanoi-based Political Publishing House, Vietnam).
Manajemen Asuhan Keperawatan Psikososial Dengan Masalah Ketidakberdayaan Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Nainggolan Nora Lissa Octavia
Published: January 2022

Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau kedua-duanya. Banyak komplikasi yang muncul akibat penyakit diabetes ini, hal yang dapat dilakukan oleh penderita DM adalah mencegah komplikasi dengan cara mengontrol dan mengendalikan penyakitnya agar dapat mempertahankan kehidupan yaitu dengan mematuhi atau menjalankan empat pilar pengelolaan diabetes sehingga penderita DM terhindar dari kejadian rehospitalisasi, dimana suatu keadaan yang dialami penderita diabetes melitus dimana penderita mengalami kegagalan dalam menjaga kadar gula darahnya.
What forms the mindset?
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: January 2022

While mindset plays a crucial role in determining our perceptions, thinking, attitudes, and behaviors in daily life (including creativity making and serendipity), I do not know for sure what forms one’s mindset. Yet, after several discussions with my mentor (Dr. Quan-Hoang Vuong) and my friend (Mr. Tam-Tri Le), I think that the survival demands of humans may heavily influence the mindset because, without these demands, humans would have gone extinct.
Harvard University Library Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Library Cornell University
Published: January 2022

Harvard University Library holding of Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá (NXB Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật).
Conditional serendipity and Pablo Picasso
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: January 2022

A brief discussion about serendipity using the examples of Picasso's famous works.
The British Library Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Library Cornell University
Published: January 2022

The British Library holding of Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá (published by NXB Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật, Hà Nội).
Bibliothèque Nationale du Vietnam Catalog: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: du Vietnam Bibliothèque Nationale
Published: January 2022

Bibliothèque Nationale du Vietnam / Thư viện Quốc gia Việt Nam, holding Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá, published in 2009 and 2021 by the National Political Publishing House (NXB Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật). The first author of the title is Vietnam's current Prime Minister, Professor Phạm Minh Chính.
The University of California, Berkeley Library holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Berkeley Library UC
Published: January 2022

The University of California, Berkeley Library holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá (NXB Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật, Hà Nội, Việt Nam).
Mapping caudal inferior parietal cortex supports the hypothesis about a modulating cortical area
Authors: Tabassi Mofrad Fatemeh , Schiller Niels O.
Published: January 2022

The cytoarchitectonically tripartite organization of the inferior parietal cortex (IPC) into the rostral, the middle and the caudal clusters has been generally ignored when associating different functions to this part of the cortex, resulting in inconsistencies about how IPC is understood. In this study, we investigated the patterns of functional connectivity of the caudal IPC in a task requiring cognitive control of language, using multiband EPI. This part of the cortex demonstrated functional connectivity patterns dissimilar to a cognitive control area and at the same time the caudal IPC showed negative functional associations with both task-related brain areas and the precuneus cortex, which is active during resting state. We found evidence suggesting that the traditional categorization of different brain areas into either task-related or resting state-related networks cannot accommodate the functions of the caudal IPC. This underlies the hypothesis about a modulating cortical area proposing that its involvement in task performance, in a modulating manner, is marked by deactivation in the patterns of functional associations with parts of the brain that are recognized to be involved in doing a task, proportionate to task difficulty; however, their patterns of functional connectivity in some other respects do not correspond to the resting state-related parts of the cortex.
The U.S. Library of Congress Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá
Authors: Library Cornell University
Published: January 2022

The U.S. Library of Congress Holding: Kinh tế Việt Nam - Thăng trầm và đột phá (Asia) by NXB Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật (2009).
On the conditional process leading to serendipity
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: January 2022

I briefly discuss the conditions for serendipity.
Are there environments that help cultivate serendipity?
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: January 2022

I think yes. Even though the serendipity moment is unexpected, many scientists advocate that serendipity can be cultivated in some specific environments. Cultural, digital, and physical environments are vital in increasing the chance of encountering the necessary pieces of information that can lead to serendipity moments.
Scientific Tamil Lexicon: The Revelation of Cryptographic Connection Between Tamil Language and Galois Field
Authors: Suthaharan Shan
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a computational framework that helps enhance the confidentiality protection of communication in cybersecurity by leveraging the scientific properties of the Tamil language and the advanced encryption standard (AES). It defines a product set of vowels and consonants sounds of the Tamil language and reveals its connection to Hardy-Ramanujan prime factors and Tamil letters as a one-to-one function. It also reveals that the letters of the Tamil alphabet, combined with the digits from 1 to 9, form a Galois field of 2^8 over an irreducible polynomial of degree 8. In addition, it implements these two mathematical properties and builds an encoder for the AES algorithm to transform the Tamil texts to their hexadecimal states, and replace the pre-round transformation module of AES. It empirically shows that the Tamil-based encoder enhances the cryptographic strength of the AES algorithm at every step of its encryption flow. The cryptographic strength is measured by the runs test scores of the bit sequences of the ciphers of AES and compared with that of the English language. This modeling and simulation approach concludes that the Tamil-based encryption enhances the cryptographic strength of AES than English-based encryption.
Thе Rеlationship bеtwееn Еducation and Birth Wеight in Tanzania
Authors: Le Kien
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Thе purposе of this study is to sее if Tanzanian mothеrs with grеatеr lеvеls of еducation producе hеalthiеr infants (N=36,720). According to thе findings, Tanzanian mothеrs with a highеr еducational lеvеl had hеalthiеr infants than Tanzanian mothеrs with a lowеr еducational lеvеl. In tеrms of statistics, onе additional еducation yеar in Tanzania is linkеd to a 6.9611 gram risе in Tanzanian birth wеight and a 0.39 pеrcеntagе point rеduction in Tanzanian low birth wеight risk.
Profil Literasi Keuangan Islam Karyawan dan Nasabah Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil Daarut Tauhid Bandung
Authors: Nugraha Ahmad Lukman , Susilo Adib , Rizqon Abdul Latif , Fajaruddin Achmad , Sholihah Nurdiyanah
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the profile of Islamic financial literacy in employees and customers of Baitu-l-maal wa Tamwil Darut Tauhid Bandung. This research uses descriptive quantitative method with interval formula to determine the literacy level of the respondents. The data collection technique used a questionnaire to 121 respondents. The results of this study indicate that the profile of Islamic financial literacy among BMT employees and customers is moderate. The employee profile has an Islamic financial level of 0.76. The profile of the level of Islamic financial literacy shows that the level of behavior towards Islamic finance among employees is not in accordance with the knowledge and attitudes of employees in managing finances. The customer profile has an Islamic financial literacy level of 0.50. The level of customer Islamic financial literacy shows that the level of customer behavior towards Islamic finance is not in accordance with the level of customer knowledge and attitudes in managing finances.
Thе Rolе of Еducation in thе Dеvеlopmеnt of Infants in Turkеy
Authors: Le Kien
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Thе purposе of this study is to sее if Turkish mothеrs with grеatеr lеvеls of еducation producе hеalthiеr infants (N=12,732). According to thе findings, Turkish mothеrs with a highеr еducational lеvеl had hеalthiеr infants than Turkish mothеrs with a lowеr еducational lеvеl. In tеrms of statistics, onе additional еducation yеar in Turkеy is linkеd to a 5.2549 gram risе in Turkish birth wеight and a 0.25 pеrcеntagе point rеduction in Turkish low birth wеight risk.
The Political Economy of Social Upgrading
Authors: Marslev Kristoffer
Published: January 2022

Based on a Marxist reworking of the global value chains (GVC) framework, supplemented by insights from structuralist development economics and dependency theory, the thesis investigates what role evolving class relations play in processes of social and economic upgrading in global garment value chains. Situating workers’ agency at the intersection of a horizontal axis (local capital-labor-state relations) and a vertical axis (governance and distributional dynamics of the GVC), the thesis starts out by examining the key features of the 21st century garment GVC and their implications for producer countries. It is shown how a series of interrelated processes, including the transition to neoliberalism in the North, and the phase-out of quotas in the South, combined to produce a “supplier squeeze” in the garment GVC, with a simultaneous depression of export prices and an escalation of non-price requirements. Drawing on the work of the dependentista Marini, it is argued that these distributional dynamics amount to a form of unequal exchange that incentivizes manufacturers to super-exploit workers, pushing their wages below reproduction costs and/or working them beyond exhaustion.
Nature Based Solutions for Sustainable Urban Storm Water Management in Global South: A Short Review
Authors: Ahmed Fahad , Sharma Shashwat , Ho Loc , Chow Ming
Published: January 2022

Rapid urbanization in the Global South exacerbates urban water management challenges such as urban flooding and water pollution, rendering many areas water-insecure. Our reliance on grey infrastructures to combat these water management challenges is not sustainable in the long run, due to which a better alternative must be sought. Nature-based Solution (NBS) promote ecosystem services and enhance climate resiliency along with flood control and improvement of water quality by utilizing natural elements including green spaces and water bodies within the urban environment. In the past few decades, NBS have been adapted for urban drainage in Global North and evolved by means of various terms based on geographic location, practices and applications. Some of these well-known terms include Low Impact Development (LIDs), Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and Best Management Practices (BMPs). The transition towards a resilient and sustainable environment has been made possible through the application of NBS. Recently, countries in the Global South such as Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Thailand are trying to alter urban storm water management strategies through conversion of grey infrastructure to green infrastructure by employing various NBS techniques. The findings of this study show how NBS has influenced the Global South’s urban water management.
Bayesian Updating of Solar Panel Fragility Curves and Implications of Higher Panel Strength for Solar Generation Resilience
Authors: Ceferino Luis , Lin Ning , Xi Dazhi
Published: January 2022

Solar generation can become a major and global source of clean energy by 2050. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed its resilience to extreme events, and none have used empirical data to characterize the fragility of solar panels. This paper develops fragility functions for rooftop and ground-mounted solar panels calibrated with solar panel structural performance data in the Caribbean for Hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017 and Hurricane Dorian in 2019. After estimating hurricane wind fields, we follow a Bayesian approach to estimate fragility functions for rooftop and ground-mounted panels based on observations supplemented with existing numerical studies on solar panel vulnerability. Next, we apply the developed fragility functions to assess failure rates due to hurricane hazards in Miami-Dade, Florida, highlighting that panels perform below the code requirements, especially rooftop panels. We also illustrate that strength increases can improve the panels' structural performance effectively. However, strength increases by a factor of two still cannot meet the reliability stated in the code. Our results advocate reducing existing panel vulnerabilities to enhance resilience but also acknowledge that other strategies, e.g., using storage or deploying other generation sources, will likely be needed for energy security during storms.
Meaning and structural dynamics in poetry: a computational perspective
Authors: Gomez-Marin Alex
Published: January 2022

This work addresses Sri Aurobindo’s mantric poem, Savitri, with a computational linguistics approach. This is one of the longest poems ever written in English. We build the connectivity matrix between all main word pairs and analyse its structure. Concepts emerge as directions that better explain the variance of the data in the hyperspace of words. When projected to the low dimensional space of concepts, the vector of attention as the reader moves through the text shows a large correlation across sections of the poem, thus acting the future and the past over again. These findings suggest that the mathematical structure of Savitri is and reflects a substrate for the author’s main ideas, facilitating the reader’s understanding of the poem’s meaning via its long-range dynamical correlations. Acknowledging an irreducible essence to poetry, future studies on the relationship between words and sounds, and sounds and ideas may provide invaluable hints of the origin of language and its intimate relationship with the evolution of human consciousness.
Learning Children’s Conceptual Spaces using Deep Metric Learning.
Authors: Leon-Villagra Pablo , Ehrlich Isaac , Lucas Christopher G. , Buchsbaum Daphna
Published: January 2022

Children learn to represent the world around them in meaningful categories that allow them to generalize past experiences. Understanding how these categorical representations develop is fundamental to cognitive science. However, capturing the structure of human conceptual knowledge is a challenging experimental task. The most prominent approach, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), usually requires participants to produce many similarity judgments, leading to long experiments. Moreover, the representations found by MDS are limited to the fixed set of experimental stimuli and have to be reconstructed for every new item. In contrast, we present a more flexible machine-learning method that can generalize to novel stimuli. This method uses a child-friendly task that allows researchers to uncover the development of categories with fewer participant judgments. We evaluate our approach on simulated data and find that it can accurately reveal representations even when trained on data generated by groups that categorize differently. We then analyze data from the World Color Survey and find that we can recover language-specific color organization when aggregating languages that only share the same number of basic color terms. Finally, we use the method in a developmental experiment and find age-dependent differences in how complex fruit stimuli are organized. These differences were consistent with participants' reasoning and additional experimental measures. Our results suggest that our approach is applicable in psychological tasks and opens the possibility of examining children's developing psychological spaces in new detail.
Can a video game with a fictional minority group decrease intergroup biases towards non-fictional minorities? A social neuroscience study.
Authors: Pech Guillaume , Caspar Emilie A.
Published: January 2022

A critical scientific and societal challenge consists in developing and evaluating interventions that reduce prejudice towards outgroups. Video games appear to be a promising method but a number of falls in the current scientific literature prevents to fully understand the potential sizeable impact of video games on reducing prejudice. The present study investigated to what extent a video game designed to reduce prejudice towards minorities in a fictional society has the potential to reduce prejudice towards non-fictional minorities. Participants played either a recently developed game designed to reduce prejudice towards non-fictional minorities (hereafter referred to as the test game) or a control game. After playing at home, participants performed two tasks in a lab context. We observed overall a positive effect of playing the test game compared to the control game on attenuating prejudice towards an outgroup individual. We indeed observed that players of the control game had more midfrontal theta activity, reflecting more cognitive conflict, when they acted prosociality towards the outgroup participant and a lower neural response to the pain of the outgroup participant compared to the ingroup participant. These effects were attenuated for players of the test game. We also observed that players of the test game had a higher sense of agency when they decided to help the outgroup participant compared to when they did not help the outgroup participant, an effect not observable in players of the control game. These results are promising as they support evidence that using fictional characters in video games may induce positive changes towards non-fictional individuals.
Confirmation Bias in Simulated Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Interviews: Abuse Assumption Influences Interviewing and Decision-making Processes
Authors: Zhang Yikang , Segal Aleksandr , Pompedda Francesco , Haginoya Shumpei , Santtila Pekka
Published: January 2022

PurposeResearch has shown that confirmation bias plays a role in legal and forensic decision-making processes. However, to our knowledge, no study has examined how it manifests itself when interviewing an allegedly abused child. MethodIn the present study, we used data from a series of experiments in which participants interviewed child avatars to examine how an assumption of abuse based on preliminary information influenced decision-making and interviewing style. Interview training data from eight studies with students, psychologists and police officers were included in the analyses.ResultsWe found that interviewers’ preliminary assumption of sexual abuse having taken place predicted 1) a conclusion of abuse by the interviewers after the interview; 2) higher confidence in their judgment; 3) more frequent use of not recommended question types and 4) a decreased likelihood of reaching a correct conclusion given the same number of available relevant details. ConclusionThe importance of considering how preliminary assumptions of abuse affect interview behaviour and outcomes and the implications for the training of investigative interviewers were discussed.
A Group’s Level of Defensive Functioning Affects Individual Outcomes in Group Psychodynamic-Interpersonal Psychotherapy
Authors: Carlucci Samantha , Chyurlia Livia , Presniak Michelle , Mcquaid Nancy , Wiley James Christopher , Wiebe Stephanie , Hill Robert , Garceau Camille , Baldwin Danielle , Slowikowski Chloe , Ivanova Iryna , Grenon Renee , Balfour Louise , Tasca Giorgio A.
Published: January 2022

We used an actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) to study the association between the individual group member and other group therapy members’ defensive functioning on an individual group member’s treatment outcome. We hypothesized that (a) more adaptive individual defensive functioning at pretreatment will be significantly related to better treatment outcomes (i.e., lower binge eating and interpersonal distress) at 6 months post-treatment; and (b) more adaptive other group members’ defensive functioning at pretreatment will be significantly related to better treatment outcomes at 6 months post-treatment. Participants (N = 136) were individuals with BED enrolled in group psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy (GPIP). Participants completed attachment interviews and were assessed on interpersonal distress and days binged at pre-treatment and 6 months post-treatment. The interview audio recordings were transcribed and used to code defensive functioning. We found that individual overall defensive functioning (ODF) scores at pretreatment were not significantly associated with binge-eating frequency or interpersonal distress at 6 months post treatment. Other group members’ mean ODF scores at pretreatment were significantly associated with individual interpersonal distress at 6 months post-treatment. However, the other group members’ mean ODF scores were not significantly associated with individual binge-eating outcomes at 6 months post treatment. Defensive functioning of other members of a therapy group may be particularly important for improving interpersonal functioning in individuals with BED.
Harnessing Moral Psychology to Reduce Meat Consumption
Authors: May Joshua , Kumar Victor C C
Published: January 2022

How can we make moral progress on factory farming? Part of the answer lies in human moral psychology. Meat consumption remains high, despite increased awareness of its negative impact on animal welfare. Weakness of will is part of the explanation: acceptance of the ethical arguments doesn’t always motivate changes in dietary habits. However, we draw on scientific evidence to argue that many consumers aren’t fully convinced that they morally ought to reduce their meat consumption. We then identify two key psychological mechanisms—motivated reasoning and social proof—that lead people to resist the ethical reasons. Finally, we show how to harness these psychological mechanisms to encourage reductions in meat consumption. A central lesson for moral progress generally is that durable social change requires socially-embedded reasoning.
The Pervasive Impact of Ignorance
Authors: Kirfel Lara , Phillips Jonathan Scott
Published: January 2022

Norm violations have been demonstrated to impact a wide range of seemingly non-normative judgments. Among other things, when agents' actions violate prescriptive norms they tend to be seen as having done those actions more freely, as having acted more intentionally, as being more of a cause of subsequent outcomes, and even as being less happy. The explanation of this effect continues to be debated, with some researchers appealing to features of actions that violate norms, and other researchers emphasising the importance of agents' mental states when acting. Here, we report the results of two large-scale experiments that replicate and extend twelve of the studies that originally demonstrated the pervasive impact of norm violations. In each case, we build on the pre-existing experimental paradigms to additionally manipulate whether the agents knew that they were violating a norm while holding fixed the action done. We find evidence for a pervasive impact of ignorance: the impact of norm violations on non-normative judgments depends largely on the agent knowing that they were violating a norm when acting. Moreover, we find evidence that the reduction in the impact of normality is underpinned by people's counterfactual reasoning: people are less likely to consider an alternative to the agent’s action if the agent is ignorant. We situate our findings in the wider debate around the role of normality in people's reasoning.
Co-authors, colleagues, and contributors: Complications in collaboration and sharing lessons on academic writing
Authors: Harvey Orlanda , Van Teijlingen Alexander , Regmi Pramod R , Ireland Jillian , Rijal Aney , Van Teijlingen Edwin
Published: January 2022

Academic writing, especially in the health field, is usually an interdisciplinary team effort. This paper highlights some of the trials, tribulations, and benefits of working with co-authors. This includes collaborations and co-authorship between academics from different disciplines, academics of different level of careers, and authors from countries of varying economies i.e., high-income countries (HICs) and from low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper also provides advice in the form of several useful tips to lead authors and co-authors to support collaborative working.
Comparative Study of Low Pressure versus Standard Pressure Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum in Reducing Shoulder Tip Pain Post Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Thapa Pradip , Thapa Divas , Sharma Anup
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis. Postoperative shoulder tip pain is common complaint. Evidences suggest that using low pressure pneumoperitoneum (8-10 mmHg) during the procedure rather than standard pressure (12-14 mmHg) decreases the incidence and severity of shoulder tip pain without compromising working space.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of low pressure and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum on shoulder tip pain post laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods: A prospective hospital based study conducted at Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur from January 2019 to December 2020. Hundred patients were enrolled, fifty each in “low pressure carbondioxide pneumoperitoneum” and “standard pressure carbondioxide pneumoperitoneum” groups, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The two groups were compared in terms of incidence and severity of shoulder tip pain, surgeon’s satisfaction score, top-up analgesia requirement, procedural time, conversion to standard pressure, intraoperative complications and length of hospital stay.

Results: There were 45 (90%) females and five (10%) males in low pressure group and 44 (88%) females and six (12%) males in standard pressure group. Fourteen (28%) patients in low pressure and 32 (64%) patients in standard pressure group had shoulder tip pain (p=0.001). The severity of shoulder tip pain was less in low pressure group and was significant at eight hours (p=0.006) and 12 hours (p=0.008). Top-up analgesia was required more in standard pressure group. There were no intraoperative complications but only one conversion to standard pressure. Surgeon’s satisfaction score, conversion to open cholecystectomy and procedural time were comparable in both groups with shorter hospital stay in low pressure group.

Conclusion: Low pressure carbondioxide pneumoperitoneum is safe and effective strategy in reducing incidence and severity of shoulder tip pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Effectiveness of Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation for Traumatic Thoracolumbar Spine Fracture
Authors: Gurung Sandeep , DC Gopal Sagar
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar fracture without neurological damage has resulted in better clinical and radiological outcome than conservative treatment. Traditional open approach is associated with extensive paravertebral muscle damage and postoperative morbidity so percutaneous pedicle screw fixation is highly valuable alternatives.

Aims: to evaluate the efficacy and outcome of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar fracture without neurological deficit.

Methods: This study was conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj in a time span of one year; total of 40 patients were included and treated with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation and followed up for 6months. They were evaluated clinically and radiologically.

Results: 40 patients with thoracolumbar fractures were managed with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation with a mean operative time of 77.30 min and intraoperative blood loss was 88.38ml. There was significant improvement in cobb’s angle (mean difference 13.92 degree), vertebral body height loss (mean difference 37.7%) and visual analogue scale (mean difference 3.55) postoperatively. These improvements remained statically significant at 6months follow up.

Conclusion: Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation is safe, valid and effective treatment of thoracolumbar fracture without neurological deficit.
Study of Mandibular Foramen in Adult Human Mandible Bones: An Osteological Study
Authors: Gupta Anil Kumar , Shah Gaurav Jung , Prasad Ram Jiban
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The mandibular foramen is located on the medial surface of the ramus of mandible through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels pass and supply the lower jaw. For dentists inferior alveolar nerve block is important to anesthetize the lower jaw for conducting various surgical procedures.

Aims: To determine the accurate position of mandibular foramen through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels were passing and supply the lower jaw and its clinical importance.

Methods: This study was conducted on 35 dry mandible bones consisting of 70 mandibular foramens of unknown sex. All the important parameters were studied using vernier caliper.

Results: The mean distance of mandibular foramen from mandibular notch was 21.00 mm on right side and 20.29 mm on left side, from posterior border was 12.63 mm on right side and 12.37 mm on left side, from angle of mandible was 20.60 mm on right side and 20.46 mm on left side, from base of the mandible was 23.57 mm on right side and 23.6 mm on left side, from anterior border was 16.74 mm on right side and 16.89 mm on left side.

Conclusion: The accurate position of mandibular foramen varies. The knowledge of the average distance of mandibular foramen from various landmarks is useful for dental anesthesia and also helps to avoid complications.
Thyroid Function in Molar Pregnancies
Authors: Sinha Kavita , Das Ram , Adhikari Homnath
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Molar pregnancies represent a significant burden of disease on the spectrum of gestational trophoblastic diseases. Vaginal bleeding being the most common occasionally, molar pregnancy is complicated by hyperthyroidism, which may require treatment.

Aims: To determine thyroid function test and association of hyperthyroidism among the cases of molar pregnancy.

Methods: This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur. Sixty cases of molar pregnancy were included during the study period from February 2020 to January 2021.Patients having history of known thyroid disorders were excluded.

Results: Prevalence of molar pregnancy in our study was 5.4 per thousand pregnancies in our hospital. Molar pregnancy and hyperthyroidism, both were common in the age group of 21-35 years. Hyperthyroidism was present in 10% patients. Enlarged thyroid was seen in 3.3%, tremor was present in 3.3%, and palpitation in 21.5%. Five (8.3%) patients with hyperthyroidism were underweight. Majority of patients with hyperthyroidism, beta humanchorionic gonadotrophhin level was more than three lakhs and it was mostly associated with complete hydatidiform mole compared to partial hydatidiform mole. Thyroid storm was not experienced in any of the patients.

Conclusion: The rate of molar pregnancy is high. Hyperthyroidism in molar pregnancy is not uncommon. High levels of human chorionic gonadotropin, complete hydatiform mole are directly associated with hyperthyroidism. Awareness of this condition is important for diagnosis and treatment to prevent life threatening complications.
Ligation of Processus Vaginalis During Orchidopexy: Is It Mandatory?
Authors: Khan Feeroz Alam , Maharjan Prabir
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Undescended testis is one of the commonest presentations in pediatric population. Conventionally, high ligation of the hernia sac was done after vas and vessels were dissected in order to prevent post-operative hernia. However, recent studies have shown that hernia sac ligation was unnecessary.

Aims: To evaluate the role of hernia sac ligation during orchidopexy to prevent the development of postoperative hernia and to compare the mean operative time with and without sac ligation.

Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted with a total of 94 patients with undescended testis, age ranging from six months to 16 years were included in the study from November 2018 to May 2021. Cases were randomly divided into two groups. In Group A cases, orchidopexy was carried out with sac ligation, while in Group B, the hernia sac was not ligated. Mean operative time was recorded in each case. All the patients were followed up at one, four and eight weeks post-operatively and examined for postoperative hernia.

Results: Of the total 94 cases, there were 18 bilateral and 76 unilateral cases of which 56 were right-sided and 22 left-sided. Most of the patients (45) of the study were between six months and 2 years. None of the patients of either group developed post-operative hernia or any significant complications. The mean operative time for group A and B were 36.72 and 46.96 minutes respectively.

Conclusion: It was concluded that ligation of processus vaginalis was unnecessary during orchidopexy and sac ligation consumed more operative time.