bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Damerau-Levenshtein Distance Algorithm Based on Abstract Syntax Tree to Detect Code Plagiarism
Authors: Nuraminah Ahlijati , Ammar Abdullah
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This research aimed to detect source code plagiarism based on Abstract Syntax Tree using Damerau-Levenshtein Distance algorithm, which is expected to streamline the inaccuracies and time-consumption associated with the manual process.Methods: Damerau-Levenshtein Distance algorithm was used to determine the similarity between source code files and calculate F-Measure. The dataset, which consisted of 178 source code files from 20 coursework assignments, was obtained from GitHub by Lawton Nichols in 2019. Damerau-Levenshtein Distance algorithm was used to compute the minimum cost required to transform one line of code into another. Furthermore, ANTLR detected AST, which was processed through preprocessing, including node pruning, function and variable sorting, and log output removal. Result: The result showed that the two methods took 5.704 seconds and 0.996 seconds to complete. The lowest and highest values obtained using F-Measure were 0.16 and 0.8, respectively. Therefore, the system performed detection processes quickly and effectively detected common forms of code plagiarism with difficulty in the more complex forms. Novelty: In conclusion, this research used AST and Damerau-Levenshtein Distance algorithm to calculate the 5 levels of similarity in Java programming language source code. For further development, preprocessing steps were needed to prune unnecessary nodes and detect equivalent but differently syntaxed code.
Forensic Analysis of Drones Attacker Detection Using Deep Learning
Authors: Editya Arda Surya , Kurniati Neny , Alamin Mochammad Machlul , Pramana Anggay Luri , Lisdiyanto Angga
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This research proposes deep learning techniques to assist forensic analysis in drone accident cases. This process is focused on detecting attacking drones. In this research, we also compare several deep learning and make some comparisons of the best methods for detecting drone attackers.Methods: The methods applied in this research are YOLO, SSD, and Fast R-CNN. Additionally, to validate the effectiveness of the results, extensive experiments were conducted on the dataset. The dataset we use contains videos taken from drones, especially drone collisions. Evaluation metrics such as Precision, Recall, F1-Score, and mAP are used to assess the system's performance in detecting and classifying drone attackers.Results: This research show performance results in detecting and attributing drone-based threats accurately. In this experiment, it was found that YOLOV5 had superior results compared to YOLOV3 YOLOV4, SSD300, and Fast R-CNN. In this experiment we also detected ten types of objects with an average accuracy value of more than 0.5.Novelty: The proposed system contributes to improving security measures against drone-related incidents, serving as a valuable tool for law enforcement agencies, critical infrastructure protection and public safety. Furthermore, this underscores the growing importance of deep learning in addressing security challenges arising from the widespread use of drones in both civil and commercial contexts.
Comparison of Discriminant Analysis and Support Vector Machine on Mixed Categorical and Continuous Independent Variables for COVID-19 Patients Data
Authors: Haikal Husnul Aris , Wigena Aji Hamim , Sadik Kusman , Efriwati Efriwati
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Numerous factors can affect the duration of COVID-19 recovery. One method involves utilizing natural herbal medication. This study seeks to determine the variables influencing the duration of COVID-19 recovery and to compare discriminant analysis and support vector machine models using COVID-19 patient data from West Sumatra.Methods: Two data mining methods, Discriminant Analysis and Support Vector Machine with different types of kernels (linear, polynomial, and radial basis function), were employed to categorize the time of COVID-19 recovery in this work. The study utilized 428 data points, with 75% allocated for training data and 25% for testing data. The independent factors were evaluated by determining the selection variables' information value (IV) to gauge their influence on the dependent variable. Data resampling techniques were employed to tackle the problem of data imbalance. This study employs data resampling techniques, including undersampling, oversampling, and SMOTE. The balancing accuracy of Discriminant Analysis and Support Vector Machine was examined.Result: The Discriminant Analysis with SMOTE achieved a balanced accuracy of 66.50%, outperforming the linear kernel Support Vector Machine with SMOTE, which had a balanced accuracy of 63.20% in this dataset.Novelty: This study assessed the novelty, originality, and value by comparing Discriminant Analysis and SVM algorithms with categorical and continuous independent variables. This research explores techniques for managing imbalanced data using undersampling, oversampling, and SMOTE, with variable selection based on information value assessment.
YOLO vs. CNN Algorithms: A Comparative Study in Masked Face Recognition
Authors: Dewanto Muhammad Ridho , Farid Mifta Nur , Rafdi Syah Muhammad Abby , Firdaus Aji Akbar , Arof Hamzah
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This research investigates the effectiveness of YOLO (You Only Look Once) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in real-time face mask recognition, addressing the challenges posed by mask-wearing in infectious disease prevention.Method: Utilizing a diverse dataset and employing YOLO's object detection and a combined Haar Cascade Algorithm with CNN, the study evaluated key performance indicators, including accuracy, framerate, and F1 Score.Results: Results indicated that CNN outperformed YOLO in accuracy (99.3% vs. 79.3%) but operated at a slightly lower framerate. YOLO excelled in recall and precision, presenting a compelling choice for specific application needs. The research underscores the importance of considering factors beyond accuracy for informed decision-making in the realm of face mask recognition.Novelty: This research evaluates the real-time performance of YOLO and CNN algorithms in masked face recognition, highlighting the crucial balance between framerate efficiency and detection accuracy.
Clinical description of two cases of Cowden syndrome and the implication regarding thyroid cancer
Authors: Patrick Stephanie , James Deirdre
Published: March 2024

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common manifestations of Cowden syndrome, yet the syndrome is rare. The incidence of Cowden syndrome is 1 in 200,000. The diagnosis can be made clinically when patients present with a combination of symptoms such as mucocutaneous lesions with a strong personal or family history of thyroid, breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancer. A high index of suspicion is required to provide a clinical diagnosis utilizing major and minor criteria. Once a clinical diagnosis is made, genetic testing for a PTEN mutation, a tumor suppressor gene, is recommended. Cancer surveillance should be performed for those with positive genetic testing as well as those with negative genetic testing who still meet clinical diagnostic criteria. We present two cases of Cowden syndrome: one case involving an increasing number of thyroid nodules in a patient with known Cowden syndrome and another patient with a strong family history of cancer, personal history of follicular thyroid cancer, and numerous colonic polyps on screening colonoscopy. These cases demonstrate how early diagnosis of Cowden syndrome can help detect early cancer in both the patient and affected relatives.

Learning points

Diagnosing Cowden syndrome helps pre-risk stratification for early cancer screening.

The diagnosis of Cowden syndrome can be made with a combination of major and minor criteria: any two major criteria with or without a minor criterion; one major and one minor criterion; or three minor criteria.

Patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for Cowden syndrome should undergo genetic screening.
Aprendizaje significativo en ciencias naturales mediante el uso de la aplicación móvil Amazonía biodiversa: una experiencia educativa en el departamento del Putumayo
Authors: Guerrero-Ortega Leydi Rocío , Rodríguez-Hernández Ariel Adolfo , Avella Forero Fanny
Published: March 2024

The goal of this research was to integrate an educational mobile application as a pedagogical strategy for recognizing Amazonian diversity in the teaching of natural sciences in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades of primary education at the Rural Educational Institution Quinapejo in Puerto Guzmán, Putumayo. This aimed to describe and understand the impact of innovative educational strategies on teaching and learning processes. It was carried out through the application of a qualitative method, targeting students between 8 and 12 years old. The research was developed in four phases. In the first phase, the pedagogical potential of mobile applications was identified. In the second phase, the design of the integrative pedagogical proposal for a mobile application was conducted. In the third phase, the strategy was implemented by developing the mobile application. Finally, in the last phase, the results obtained were evaluated. By comparing the results of the initial test and the final test, it was evident that the pedagogical strategy of integrating mobile applications strengthened knowledge in the area of natural sciences. This led to significant learning processes that allowed better assimilation and retention of knowledge. The analysis of the results demonstrated the impact of mobile applications in educational processes, as they facilitated greater engagement and a higher level of attention in activities that involved the use of mobile applications.
Hacia una escritura reflexiva: entre literatura y praxeología
Authors: Juliao Vargas Carlos G.
Published: March 2024

This reflection article is based on my practice of several years accompanying the profession of writing at the university (praxeological workshops, thesis direction, initiation to research), as well as on my readings, publications and praxeological research works. I will show how writing in praxeological workshops, whose approach is partly inspired by psychoanalysis and partly by literature, allows any educator to co-construct a praxeological stance. In this sense, the avenues of reflection proposed here raise the question of the transmission of practice through writing and, more broadly, of the conditions to implement the instituting dimension of all training practice. Both in the proposed writing device and in the research carried out, the hypotheses (and the results) are the fruit of a personal path.
Tissue Culture and the Pulp and Paper Industry
Authors:   The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin USA, Einspahr D. W. , Johnson M. ,   The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin USA
Published: March 2024

Emphasis on the tissue culture propagation of forest tress has increased dramatically. Tissue culture methods available to forestry and the pulp and paper industry are micropropagation, organogenesis, and somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryogenesis, although more difficult to accomplish, seems to have the most promise for use with forest trees because (1) when appropriately employed it can be a true mass production procedure and (2) the approach can be used efficiently with several genetic engineering techniques. Major genetic gains in growth rate, wood quality, insect and disease resistance, and improved climatic adaptability are anticipated when tissue culture techniques are used in conjunction with genetic engineering. Emphasis in The Institute of Paper Chemistry’s tissue culture research is on the development of a somatic embryogenesis procedure for conifers.
Visco-Elastic Properties of Wet Webs under Dynamic Conditions
Authors:   The Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Jantunen Jaakko
Published: March 2024

The forming of the web in a paper machine is a highly dynamic process in which the dynamic mechanical properties of the web in the x, y, and z directions are each of central importance for both the process operation and the properties of the final product. The properties in the x and y directions, such as the dynamic tensile stiffness and stress relaxation, affect control of the draw in open draws, web flutter, and stress variation. The dynamic mechanical properties in the z direction affect the behavior of the web in the press section and the post-press dry solids content. All these features are also related to the properties of the final product. Laboratory research on the dynamic mechanical behavior of wet webs has been carried out with special equipment designed to simulate the paper production process, particularly its dynamic characteristics. The draw and press simulators have been built to monitor and handle properties related to the dynamic mechanical behavior of paper. The draw simulator has been used to study dynamic tensile stiffness and visco-elastic component of the web during drying. The press simulator has been used to monitor the compressibility and pressure in the web as a function of different press impulses and wet pressing temperature.
The Effect of Wet Fibre Flexibility of Sheet Apparent Density
Authors:   Swedish Forest Products Research Institute, Steadman R. , Luner P. ,   Empire State Paper Research Institute
Published: March 2024

A new individual wet fibre flexibility test has been devised, and used to investigate the relationship between fines-free sheet apparent density and the wet flexibility of the constituent fibres. Linear relationships were found for a number of pulps, ranging from bleached chemical to thermomechanical, and for several different pulp treatments. It was concluded that changes in the average wet fibre flexibility of a particular pulp, caused by mechanical and/or chemical treatment, can be evaluated by measuring the apparent density of the fines-free sheet, at least over the investigated range (240-760 kg/m³).
Z-Direction Properties: The Effects of Yield and Refining
Authors:   The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin, USA, Berger B. F. , Baum G. A. ,   The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin, USA
Published: March 2024

The z-direction (ZD) elastic properties of paper have received little attention in the past because of measurement difficulties. This paper describes the effects of wet pressing, refining, and yield on three ZD elastic properties, C33, C44, and C55. The elastic parameters were measured using ultrasonic methods on an unbleached kraft oak pulp. The ZD elastic parameters were very sensitive to wet pressing pressure. Increasing the level of refining or decreasing pulp yield produced increases in C33, C44, or C55, which were greater than would be expected by wet pressing alone to the same density. A plausible explanation for this behavior is that the refining and yield changes also significantly change the ZD stiffness and shear stiffness of the fiber cell wall.
Measuring Flocculation Using Image Analysis
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, UK, Gorres J. , Kropholler H.W. ,   Department of Paper Science, UMIST, U.K., Luner P. ,   Empire State Paper Research Institute
Published: March 2024

Experimental and theoretical measures of flocculation were studied using image analysis. An experimental study of commercial board samples led to the proposal of three descriptive floc features, namely, size, ‘definition’, and contrast. Numerical values were obtained from an ensemble averaged linear auto-correlation function. In addition a theoretical model of formation was simulated to compare degrees of flocculation. The theoretical structure was created by using a poisson cluster model in conjunction with a coverage model. This led to the superposition of fibrous micro0-flocs whose flock centre radii, R, and fibre content, N, determine the severity of the formation. The variance and p.t.p correlation of the resulting image textures were computed. These measures were found to have a lower limit which is set by the fibrous structure of the flocs. The findings from the simulation study were then applied in principle to the variance and size information extracted from the board samples to explain their structure. The versatility of programmable image analysis systems was demonstrated for formation measurement.
Solid State NMR of Cellulose, Wood, and Pulp
Authors:   Xerox Research Centre of Canada, Marchessault R. H. , Taylor M. G. ,   Xerox Research Centre of Canada, Hamer G. ,   Xerox Research Centre of Canada, Deslandes Y. ,   Xerox Research Centre of Canada
Published: March 2024

High resolution ¹³C NMR of crystalline celluloses is both complementary and supplementary to x-ray diffraction analysis because it is effective both for crystalline an non-crystalline materials. Good spectral quality has been achieved for a range of cellulose samples and spectral elements related to lateral order are observed but some interpretational details are still evolving. The spectrum of a complex material such as wood, shows morphological and conformational features for each chemical component. The resolution achieved is sufficient to allow identification of carbohydrate resonances, methoxyl, and aromatic resonances and methyl and carbonyl resonances of hemicellulose acetyls. The effect of solid state chemical treatments such as acetylation and prehydrolysis are readily detected. The use of interrupted decoupling allows one to separate the lignin and cellulose components of the spectrum. The potential of the technique for rapid ¹³C NMR analysis of paper debris, coated sheets and insoluble resins is now becoming well-established. More complex biosubstances such as grasses, bark, and plant cell wall are being molecularly examined in their true nascent state for the first time. In this paper, a series of spectra are presented covering the various physical states of Esparto grass: native, holocellulose, alkali extracted, pulp; these spectra are compared to Esparto xylan. The line broadening effect of the latter on the C-1 resonance of cellulose demonstrates the difficulty in interpreting effects of fine structure vs. heterocomposition.
Conduction of Heat in Paper
Authors:   The Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Kartovaara likka , Rajala Risto ,   Kymi-Str6mberg Oy, Vasa Works, Luukkala Mauri ,   Department of the Physics, University of Helsinki, Sipi Kari ,   The Finish Pulp and Paper Research Institute
Published: March 2024

The thermal conductivity of paper was measured using a thermoacoustic method based on the propagation of a periodic temperature wave in the medium. Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity can be calculated from the resulting phase shift. The thermal conductivities of sheets prepared from different pulps were measured under standard conditions and at 70°C and 10% RH. In paper, heat is conducted through both the solid phase and the gaseous phase. In the case of dense paper and at high moisture contents, heat transfer due to diffusion of water vapour makes a major contribution. The results were used to construct a qualitative physical model for the conduction of heat in paper. In the normal paper density range of 400 – 900 kg/m³ heat conduction can be explained in terms of layers of air and solid phase connected together in different ways. At higher densities and higher moisture contents the mechanisms of hear conduction change. The heat conduction characteristics of paper are better explained using thermal diffusivity calculated in terms of basis weight than by using thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity.
Strength and Chemical Composition of Wood Pump Fibres
Authors:   Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada, Page D. H. , Seth R. S. ,   Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada, El-Hosseiny F. ,   Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada
Published: March 2024

An analysis of published work, together with new data, has clarified the effect of chemical composition on the strength of wood pulp fibres. Among fibres of low fibril angle, and in nondegrading pulping processes, strength (expressed as breaking stress) is directly proportional to α-cellulose content over a wide yield range. This implies that the cellulose fibrils are the sole tensile-load-bearing elements; hemicellulose and lignin only serve as a matrix that transfers the stress under shear from fibril to fibril. However, pulping to a yield corresponding to an α-cellulose content higher than 80% tends to reduce fibre strength apparently because of the elimination of this stress-equalizing matrix. In cellulose-degrading processes, fibre strength falls below this expectation to an extent dependent upon the degradation. Thus a tool is provided that permits the degradative effect of new pulping or bleaching processes on fibre strength to be assessed. The value of zero-span strength as an index of fibre strength is confirmed.
Protocolo de atención en cirugía de terceros molares en pacientes diabéticos: revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Cantos-Álvarez Belén , Aguilar-Maldonado José , Crespo-Crespo Cristina
Published: March 2024

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder, caused by an increase in blood glucose, which commonly affects a large population worldwide. That is why diabetic patients in certain cases require dental care, due to their high prevalence of oral problems or the need for third molar extraction. Due to the above, a bibliographic review was carried out in the Scielo, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases. There were no language restrictions and 130 articles were considered, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 50 articles with a maximum age of 5 years were selected. As a result, it was possible to establish a care protocol for third molar surgery in diabetic patients, taking into account the different parameters that must be carried out before the surgical procedure. It is concluded that a care protocol in third molar surgery must contemplate a successful treatment plan, taking into account the most significant steps such as filling out the clinical history and preoperative glycemic control.
Evaluación topográfica de limas reciprocantes, posterior a la instrumentación de conductos curvos. Estudio ex vivo
Authors: Navarrete Llamatumbi María Teresa , Terán Ayala Silvana Beatriz , Guillen Guillen Raquel Esmeralda , Hidalgo Moya Viviana Marcela , Plaza Espinoza Diana Elizabeth
Published: March 2024

Objective. To evaluate the wear (roughness) and topographic changes of the Wave One Gold primary and Reciproc Blue R25 files after instrumentation at 3, 6 and 9 uses in curved canals. Methods. Ex vivo study, consisting of 10 new Reciproc Blue R25 and 5 Wave One Gold primary reciprocating files and 46 mandibular first molars with severe curvature. Molars were divided into 2 groups (23 molars in each group): group 1 Reciproc Blue R25/.08 and group 2 Wave One Gold Primary (25/.07). Reciprocating files from the two groups were analyzed with the contact profilometer at 0, 3, 6 and 9 uses. The measurement was made in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds, and in each analysis, 2 files were observed with the Scanning Electron Microscope. Subsequently, the analysis in the SPSS version 26 IBM ® program was performed using t-Student and Anova tests for normality (p<0.05). Results. There is no significant difference between Wave One Gold primary and Reciproc Blue R25 (p>0.05) in any third of the file; however, there is a significant difference in the wear of the file after the ninth use at the three third levels: apical (p<0.001), middle (p=0.05), cervical (p=0.01). Conclusions. Wave One Gold primary and Reciproc Blue R25 files present superficial changes from the instrumentation of four root canals, the greatest deformation of the files occured at the apical level. The greater the use of the files, the greater the wear of the surface.
Development of Applied Linguistics
Authors: Ramonienė Meilutė
Published: March 2024

The aim of the article is to review the development of applied linguistics in Lithuania, analyse the general tendencies of the development of this science, and present the more prominent groups of researchers in applied linguistics, the schools that have been formed or are being formed, and the contribution of some researchers to the research of different branches of applied linguistics. The article focuses on the work started after the restoration of independence of the Republic of Lithuania in 1990, because only from that time onwards did the work of Lithuanian applied linguistics enter the international mainstream of this science. It discusses some of the research and practical work related to the research that helps or has helped in certain periods to solve problems related to language in life. First of all, the article introduces the works on teaching Lithuanian as a foreign language, which are connected with the beginning of applied linguistics in Lithuania, and which have laid the appropriate methodological foundations for the formation of communicative competence, for the development of a new type of textbooks, pedagogical grammars of the Lithuanian language, and for the creation of a system of assessment of competences. After discussing the origins of applied linguistics in Lithuania, the paper discusses the further development of this science. Research in the field of language acquisition, sociolinguistics, language attrition, cognitive linguistics, pragmatics, politeness and impoliteness, corpus and forensic linguistics, and other branches of applied linguistics is presented, and the real-life linguistic issues, analysed by Lithuanian researchers, are highlighted. The final section of the article describes the most important works of dissemination of applied linguistics and presents the research journal Taikomoji kalbotyra (“Applied Linguistics”), the international conferences on applied linguistics that have taken place in Lithuania, and the networks of researchers.
The cost of untreated vestibular conditions: the role of otolaryngology & rehabilitation
Authors: Gans Richard , Fauble Brittany , Rutherford Kimberly , Alessandro Alison D’
Published: March 2024

It is estimated that dizziness, vertigo, and falls are the third most common complaints heard by physicians from all age groups only proceeded by headache and lower back pain.1 Equilibrium disorders can affect individuals throughout the lifespan resulting from congenital, familial to acquired conditions. The symptoms from most acquired conditions, however, are the number one complaint of patients aged 65 years and older.2 This is further demonstrated by the number one fear of older adults is loss of independence and ability to age in place. This is strongly associated with fear of falling. Given the exponential growth of this older cohort group worldwide, this is a significant and growing segment of the population. This older population is also confronted with numerous medical co-morbidities complicating their management with the increased prevalence of falls. This contributes to considerable morbidities and mortality, with balance-related falls being the number one cause of accidental death for this population.3 This paper will review the high cost of undiagnosed and untreated vestibular-balance conditions, versus the cost savings of early detection, assessment and intervention and the role of otolaryngology and audio-vestibular medical specialists.
Elaboración de ensayos reflexivos como herramienta analítica en el contexto de Sociología Médica
Authors: Araya Galleguillos Fabián , Arancibia Gerardo
Published: March 2024

La Sociología Médica es una asignatura que aporta una visión complementaria a la formación del profesional médico frente a los desafíos socioculturales que atraviesan a la dualidad salud-enfermedad. En Chile, existe una importante tradición de incorporar corrientes sociales en carreras clínicas como la Medicina. En el caso de la carrera de Medicina de la Universidad de Atacama, su perfil de egreso expresa la formación desde el enfoque biopsicosocial, con pensamiento crítico, humanista y social, aspectos en los que aporta la asignatura de Sociología Médica. En este sentido, una herramienta ampliamente utilizada en asignaturas humanistas es la redacción de ensayos de reflexión, que permiten a los y las estudiantes aplicar los conceptos sociológicos en la propia disciplina médica. Aquí se presenta la experiencia de elaboración de ensayos reflexivos en el contexto de una carrera predominantemente clínica.
Modelo metodológico para el desarrollo de capacidades UNESCO/IESALC
Authors: Mogollón Ivory , Insolia Yuma , Bernabe Blanca
Published: March 2024

El mundo ha cambiado mucho en las últimas décadas y el contexto actual necesita nuevas herramientas y formas de trabajo para poder hacerle frente. La movilidad y el crecimiento del conocimiento humanístico, científico y tecnológico lleva a una interacción diferente en el modo de trabajar. Es por esta razón, que se requiere alinear los esfuerzos para administrar un cambio en la estrategia para enfrentarse a los cambios apuntando al trabajo colaborativo, generando disciplina y dedicación al realizar cambios, y man tener una mentalidad abierta para enfrentar el entorno actual. La UNESCO IESALC propone un enfoque de transformación que se genera desde adentro, es decir, desde las propias Instituciones de Educación Superior, IES, para que sea sostenible a lo largo del tiempo con la incorporación de un enfoque formativo cen- trado en competencias, con los siguientes principios: docencia activa autonomía e independencia estudiantil, el uso de las tecnologías, innovación e investigación como motores de la gestión del cambio, en el contexto de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible 2030 (ODS). Esta metodología de UNESCO IESALC ha logrado sus mejores resultados metodologías ágiles y de gestión del cambio junto con estrategias académico pedagógicas para buscar una aplicación al contexto cambiante actual un entorno VUCAH.
Apreciaciones sobre la enseñanza de la investigación en el ámbito de la educación superior y el aporte de las ciencias de la complejidad como factor de innovación
Authors: Rojas Herrera Wilson
Published: March 2024

En mi práctica docente universitaria por más de 30 años, he podido observar, cómo la enseñanza de la investigación ha generado una serie de trabajos en los estudiantes que, en la mayoría de los casos, lejos de convertirse en un aporte valioso para la sociedad, se han realizado por el mero hecho de cumplir con un requisito. La idea no es buscar culpables, sino tratar de entender este fenómeno desde la óptica de los actores, y buscar alternativas para cambiar el panorama, con miras a tener un proceso investigativo más significativo, más orgánico, más placentero y que dé buenos frutos. Se analizarán algunos aportes que las ciencias de la compleji- dad podrían brindar para poder ir transformando la investigación, y así poder brindar una mirada diferente que contribuya en este sentido. No se trata tampoco de generalizar, sino de aportar, de brindar una visión alterna diferente que ayude a mejorar los procesos de investigación que hacen nuestros estudiantes en las universidades de hoy. La idea de este ensayo es poder repasar algunas inferencias realizadas por el autor y buscar asidero en lo que otros autores han propuesto, para así tener una primera mirada del fenómeno estudiado.
Topical Issues of Methodology of Developing Mentor’s Communication Competence Through Teaching Foreign Languages
Authors: Shustova Svetlana V. , Bulankina Nadezhda E. , Leontyeva Lyubov A. , Shirinyan Marine V.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The authors highlight the main problems of the formation and development of the communication training of mentors within the multicultural specifics of the regional education spaces. The paper proposes an analysis of some aspects for improving the methodology of forming the readiness of an experienced teacher to transfer his/her experience for productive interaction with their colleagues. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the model for the formation of communication competence of mentors for teaching foreign languages within the multicultural specifics of the regional education spaces.
Materials and Methods. The methodology focuses on the framework of a lingua-didactic approach based on a historical approach, which assumes both the analysis of Scientific Scholarship, and pedagogical experience in terms of a search experiment on the formation of a mentor’s readiness for socially significant and culturally creative communication to develop optimal conditions for the implementation of mentoring within the regional communicative educational spaces.
Results. The authors highlight the necessity and possibilities of mentoring in different spheres of professional activities, the significance of communicative competence and readiness of a mentor to share his/her experience with others, and to monitor the post-effects of professional knowledge and skills. The results of the survey will be of use for those who investigate the likely problem areas of current education.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained contribute to the development of a mentoring for different areas of professional activity, because it is communicative readiness that facilitates the process of communication, exchange of experience and control of professional activities between a mentor and his mentee. The materials of the article will be useful to heads of educational organizations, representatives (employees) of institutions for advanced training and additional education of teachers.
APOS Theory in Learning Mathematics (Using Trigonometry as an Example)
Authors: Tuktamyshov Nail K. , Gorskaya Tatiana Yu.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. One of the most well-known theories that allows us to study the process of structuring a concept in the mind of a student is the APOS theory, specially created for the study of mental processes in mathematical education and worthy of application in other disciplines. Despite numerous studies on methods of teaching mathematics, in recent years there have been few publications on the problem of students’ understanding of mathematical concepts; there are practically no works devoted to the study of the formation of mental structures in the course of students’ assimilation of mathematical concepts. The aim of the article is to analyze the process of mastering mathematical concepts using the example of trigonometric functions and present the results of the study in accordance with the stages of the APOS theory.
Materials and Methods. The study sample included 102 first-year students of the Institute of Construction Engineering under Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. The APOS theory was used to study students' perception of mathematical concepts, which allowed us to see the details of mathematical concepts formation at each stage of the APOS theory, as well as to identify characteristic errors and classify them. The empirical basis of the study includes the results of a written survey conducted among students. The quantitative characteristics of each stage of APOS were compared.
Results. The effectiveness of the application of the APOS theory was shown, a questionnaire was developed which allowed studying the process of mathematical concept structurization in the student's mind. Within the APOS theory framework, differences in levels of understanding of trigonometry were identified, which allowed for the classification of errors made by students. It was found that most of the students who participated in the experiment made conceptual errors in learning the concept of function. The results demonstrated the importance of investigating the mental structures that emerge during the cognitive process to determine the intellectual reserves of learners.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study contribute to the development of scientific understanding of the process of structuring mathematical concepts in the minds of learners and methods for studying the mental structures of abstract concepts. The materials will be useful for university teachers, school teachers in the development of mathematics, as well as in the study of other disciplines.
North Caucasus: Economic Dynamics of the First Quarter of the 21st Century (All-Russian Trends and Regional Specifics)
Authors:   Federal Research Center Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Existing Sergey
Published: March 2024

The article examines the main trends in the economic dynamics of the North Caucasus macroregion of the Russian Federation in the first quarter of the 21st century. It is concluded that all the strategies for its socio-economic development implemented at this time had low effectiveness (most of the goals and key parameters recorded in them were not achieved), which, however, did not prevent the North Caucasus from demonstrating gg. fairly high rates of economic growth, mainly focusing on the development of a number of agricultural production sectors and associated light and food industry clusters. Since the mid-2010s. The recreational and tourism complex is becoming a noticeable driver of growth in all North Caucasian regions. Developing in line with all-Russian socio-economic trends (the process of metropolisation; the accelerated growth of the service economy and the service sector, the construction sector), the republics of the North Caucasus refracted them to their own demographic, settlement, economic, cultural, ethnosocial specifics, which was expressed in the sustainable preservation of a vast shadow sector , widespread small-scale commodity production in republican societies, high employment of the population in personal plots and in informal segments of the economy, and orientation of producers towards public investment. In 2022–2023 (the period of a special military operation), industry, agriculture, and the construction sector of most regions of the North Caucasus demonstrate growth rates that exceed all-Russian indicators - evidence of a fairly successful adaptation of the economy of the macroregion to new operating conditions.
Analysis of Interim Results of Social and Economic Development Strategies’ Implementation of Old Industrial Regions of South of Russia Scheduled for 2030–2035
Authors:   Federal Research Center Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mitrofanova Inna , Ivanova Tatyana ,   Volgograd Institute of Management - branch of RANEPA, Alpatov Alexey ,   Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) of Volgograd State Technical University
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the intermediate results of the implementation of socio-economic development strategies in the Astrakhan, Volgograd and Rostov regions. The relevance and novelty of the study is related to the assessment of changes in these regions, based on the planned values ​​of their development indicators for 2022. The research methodology was project monitoring, based on the use of control points during project implementation. To apply the strategy, a range of indicators that can be used as control points, as well as the planned and actual periods for their measurement, were studied. The specifics of updating strategies carried out in 2022 are considered, a comparison is made of the regional indicators of strategic goal setting used; alternative options for using project monitoring - detailed, integral and mixed - are proposed, their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. For 2022, a detailed analysis of the implementation of the socio-economic development strategy for the Astrakhan and mixed ones for the Volgograd and Rostov regions was carried out. It was revealed that in conditions of high uncertainty of changes in external and internal factors of the functioning of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, strategies are constantly updated. The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation recommends introducing new indicators that largely reflect those used to assess the implementation of regional projects. Statistical data for monitoring has not yet been provided in full and therefore it is not possible to fully assess how the indicators planned for a given period have been achieved, which significantly reduces the feasibility of yearly calculations of indicators for the implementation of strategies. The article substantiates measures aimed at increasing the role of socio-economic development strategies in territorial transformation.
Digital Platforms as an Instrument for Closing Production Cycles of Agricultural Complex of Southern Federal District
Authors:   Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics, Mikhailova Natalia , Naumov Yuri ,   Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Timokhin Dmitry ,   Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics
Published: March 2024

The agro-industrial complex is a key element of the model of an economically sovereign national economy, responsible for the country’s food security. At the same time, in the conditions of intensive digitalization of the production and logistics basis of the economy, it cannot be considered as a self-sufficient entity and requires adaptation to main technological trends in its development. The defining trend for the next decade has been the technological reformatting of the infrastructure of any industry based on the convergence of its disparate elements on the basis of a specialized digital platform. The article outlines the author's proposals for ensuring the formation of an integral digital framework of agro-industrial complex platforms of the Southern Federal District (SFD) adapted to the current conditions of technological and sectoral development of the Russian economy in 2022. The needs and opportunities for introducing digital solutions into the activities of companies in the Southern Federal District engaged in agro-industrial complex business have been identified. The economic feasibility of distributing successful digital solutions implemented by large private companies in the Southern Federal District on the scale of their implementation as digital platforms at the regional level is substantiated. The economic feasibility of the technological consolidation of currently disparate participants in the agro-industrial complex chains of the Southern Federal District has also been proven based on the use of hardware and digital solutions available in Russia through the unification and harmonization of their technological processes. Based on the results of the study, the authors developed a system of economic approaches to the formation of the hardware and software configuration of digital platforms in the Southern Federal District, taking into account the current needs of agricultural producers in the Southern Federal District, global trends in the digital transformation of the production basis of the modern economy and the priorities of ensuring the national technological, food and economic security of the country on an individual scale Federal District.
Development of Effective Cooperation of Universities, Business and Government in Development of Industrial Symbiosis Zone
Authors:   ITMO University, Mironova Daria , Budrin Alexander ,   ITMO University, Baranov Igor ,   ITMO University, Krivosheev Vladimir ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: March 2024

Today, economic science is actively exploring the formation of new business models and cooperation ties using the principles of industrial symbiosis to improve the economic and energy efficiency of industrial enterprises working in cooperation with government and scientific and educational institutions. Government support in the development of cooperation between universities and industrial partners is a necessary condition for the transition to a circular economy and sustainable development. The purpose of the article is to study the key areas of development in the field of industrial symbiosis in the world, study various programs and initiatives that stimulate the initiation and development of symbiotic interactions between various organizations, as well as the formation of a new tool for effective cooperation between universities, business and the state - an industrial symbiosis zone. The article analyzes the current state of study in the field of industrial symbiosis in world science, and identifies the main vectors for the development of scientific research in the field of industrial symbiosis. The concept of industrial symbiosis zones developed by the authors is presented: a management system is proposed, the tasks of the main participants in the industrial symbiosis zone are described, as well as the mechanism of their interaction. A comparative analysis of zones of industrial symbiosis with special economic zones and industrial clusters was carried out. A model for financing industrial symbiosis zones is proposed to stimulate the formation of cluster interactions that contribute to the socio-ecological and economic development of specific enterprises, the scientific, educational and innovative development of universities and the sustainable development of regions. The results of the research may be of interest to subject matter experts, sustainable development managers, management of regional authorities, higher education institutions and top management of enterprises in the field of building effective cooperation ties and sustainable development of regions.
Standard of Living of Population in Conditions of Digitalization: Institutional and Infrastructural Aspects
Authors:   Chelyabinsk branch of the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Artemova Olga , Uzhegov Artem ,   Chelyabinsk branch of the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

The authors of the article note that digitalization is a global trend of technological transformation, which affects not only the production sector, but also society as a whole and each individual. Currently, the scientific base of digital processes is being formed both in the industrial sphere (Industry 4.0) and in almost all spheres of society (Society 5.0). Strengthening the digitalization of the economy and society is aimed at achieving a new, higher quality of life for the population. The purpose of the study is to analyze the institutional and infrastructural conditions for the digitalization of social space in the Russian Federation and regions, and to highlight the best regional practices. To carry out the work, official statistical data from the state statistics website Rosstat were used. Main research methods: review and content analysis of scientific works in this area, collection and processing of statistical information, interregional comparisons according to selected criteria. The study analyzed the conditions for the development of digitalization of the social space of the regions. From the ranking of regions by level of digitalization, a research site was selected: among the leaders are cities of federal status - Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as regions of the Russian Federation - Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug; Among the outsiders are the Republic of Ingushetia and the Jewish Autonomous Region. An analysis was carried out of the availability and frequency of use of information and communication technologies by the population of the regions. The issues of institutional and infrastructural digital provision of the quality of life of the regional population are considered. In conclusion, an analysis of best practices was carried out, which made it possible to systematize promising areas of digitalization of the social sphere in the regions of the Russian Federation.