bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso da Enrofloxacina em surto de anaplasmose em bovinos leiteiros em Ijuí- RS: relato de caso
Authors: Ulsenheimer Bruna , Schvan Dieison Elizandro , Shifer Jorge Luis de Lima , Pereira Roberta Carneiro da Fontoura , Teichmann Cristiane Elise
Published: June 2020

Anaplasmosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Anaplasma marginale, transmitted mainly by ticks in cattle herds around the world, in addition to transmission by hematophagous and iatrogenic insects. In this work, the objective was to describe an outbreak of anaplasmosis in six adult dairy cattle in the region of Ijuí-RS, showing success in the clinical resolution for patients treated with enrofloxacin-based antimicrobial therapy. According to the anamnesis, the animals that had died on the property, had shown clinical signs such as: loss of appetite, jaundiced mucous membranes and on the other day the clinical condition worsened, until death. The animal seen in a veterinary consultation, showed the same clinical signs and the clinical examination, apathy, dehydration, pallor, jaundiced ocular, oral, nasal and vulvar mucous membranes, dehydration and hypersalivation. The main complaint for the consultation was the reluctance to eat, weight loss and decreased milk production, considering that the animal had already been treated for bovine parasitic sadness 2 days ago, with diminazene diaceturate and oxytetracycline. However, the diagnosis was confirmed by blood smear and the necropsy findings performed on another animal that died on the same property, with jaundiced mucous and serous, with an excessive increase in the size of the liver, spleen and gallbladder, as well as the presence of blood with an aqueous aspect and by the blood smear which resulted in the presence of bacteria of the genus Anaplasma. Antimicrobial therapy based on enrofloxacin associated with lactated ringer fluid therapy, blood transfusion, vitamins and organic modifier was instituted for the treatment of bovine patients. Due to other cases already reported in the region, it is believed that there are some strains of the bacteria Anaplasma marginale, which are resistant to oxytetracycline, thus, enrofloxacin appears as a new treatment alternative for dairy cattle with anaplasmosis, refractory to the use of oxytetracycline.
Determinação do parto em cadelas através da mensuração ultrassonográfica de estruturas fetais e extrafetais
Authors: Fernandes Maíra , Galvão Loiola Marcus Vinícius , RIbeiro Filho Antônio De Lisboa , Chalhoub Coelho Lima Marcos , Adonis Braga de Araújo Endrigo , Di Paolo Maggitti Júnior Luiz
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ultrasound as a method of gestational diagnosis in female dogs, and its use in monitoring fetal development and viability, in determining gestational age and probable date of delivery in female dogs. The canine gestation time is relatively short, resulting in the development of the main fetal organs in their final period, and birth of immature fetuses. Determining gestational age allows the time of birth to be estimated, so that breeders and veterinarians can help reduce peripartum loss. Ultrasound measurement of extra-fetal and fetal structures is a common and accurate method for predicting the date of delivery during canine pregnancy, in which they will be chosen depending on the gestational period of the female. The inner chorionic cavity diameter (ICC) is considered the most accurate indicator of gestational age between the 20th and 37th days, whereas biparietal diameter (BPD) is a reliable parameter in the final third of pregnancy, between the 38th and 60th days. Breed variations in dogs may interfere in gestational age calculations based on fetal measurements, and it is necessary to establish measurement standards and calculations for animals of the same size or breed characteristics.
Aceitação sensorial da carne de cordeiros e carneiros: análise química, instrumental e painel de consumidores
Authors: Leonardo Ariadne , Lenz Souza Maria Inês , Costa Valério Agda , Alves das Chagas Renata , Oliveira Monteschio Jessica , Miranda de Vargas Junior Fernando
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensory acceptance of loin meat of ram and lambs. Chemical (moisture, ether extract, protein, intramuscular fat and ash) and instrumental (color, pH, cooking loss, shear force and water retention capacity) were analyzed. Samples of this meat were supplied to a consumer panel (n = 46) and evaluated for sensory attributes of aroma, tenderness, taste and overall appreciation. Differences were found for protein concentration, ash, red intensity (a*) and color tone (h*) (P < 0.01). No differences were found between the sensory attributes tested (P > 0.05). Ram meat analyzed showed a sensory appreciation close to lamb meat.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Tipe Artikulasi dan Team Games Tournament Terhadap Kemampuan Representasi Matematis
Authors: Wajo Eugenia , Dewi Kartika Era
Published: June 2020

Pembelajaran matematika di SMAK Baleriwu Danga masih didominasi oleh pembelajaran konvensional. Siswa selalu diposisikan sebagai obyek dan dianggap tidak tahu atau belum mengetahui, sementara guru memposisikan diri sebagai sumber yang mempunyai pengetahuan. Berdasarkan hasil observasi diketahui bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa pada materi SPLDV lebih cenderung rendah. Begitu pula dengan kemampuan representasi siswa di sekolah sampai saat ini masih rendah. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari jawaban siswa dalam mengerjakan soal. Siswa kurang mampu menerjemahkan suatu permasalahan ke dalam model matematika atau sebaliknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Artikulasi dan Team Games Tournament (TGT) terhadap kemampuan representasi matematis siswa kelas X SMAK Baleriwu Danga pada pokok bahasan Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV). Metode yang digunakan dalam peneltian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Pengambilan kelas dalam penelitian ini adalah “Randomized Posttest-Only Control Design” yaitu tiga kelompok yang masing-masing dipilih secara random kemudian diberikan tes akhir pada ketiga kelompok tersebut. Dimana kelas X IPA 1 dan IPA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X IPS 1 sebagai kelas kontrol. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan adalah persentasi nilai kemampuan representasi matematis siswa kelas Artikulasi sebesar 81,75%, kelas TGT sebesar 66,09% dan kelas kontrol sebesar 62,84%.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Matematika dengan Model Pembelajaran Mind Mapping pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri Terbuka 1 Gumukmas
Authors: Firdausi Amiliyah , Putra Eric Dwi , Lutfiyah Lutfiyah
Published: June 2020

Pembelajaran matematika merupakan alur pembelajaran oleh guru yang cenderung menggunakan pendekatan teacher center. Hal ini menjadi penyebab siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam hal konsep dan ide-ide pokok pembelajaran yang seharusnya dapat dipahami, sehingga mengakibatkan kurangnya siswa memahami, malas mencatat pelajaran. usaha yang serius perlu dilakukan oleh pengajar agar terjadi peningkatan pemahaman siswa yang dilakukan dengan diterapkannya gaya pembelajaran Mind Mapping. Dilakukannya observasi memiliki tujuan untuk menjelaskan dan menggambarkan gaya pembelajaran Mind Mapping agar bisa menaikkan kinerja belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri Terbuka 1 Gumukmas dengan materi pembahasan barisan dan deret. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan pendekatan berdasarkan mutu atau kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian dimulai tanggal 15-29 Januari 2020. Data dikumpukan dengan tehnik pengamatan, tanya jawab, pemberian soal serta foto-foto. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh bahwasannya gaya pembelajaran Mind Mapping yang bisa menaikkan prestasi belajar anak didik pada materi barisan dan deret rombel VIII SMP Negeri Terbuka 1 Gumukmas terdiri dari 6 langkah. Dan hasil observasi menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan prestasi belajar yang diawali siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 25% serta kegiatan dalam belajar siswa meningkat sebesar 8, 21%.
Pengenalan Angka Menggunakan Permainan Puzzle dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Perkembangan Emosi dan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini di Play Group Se-Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Abristiana Panca Oktavia , Kristanti Anik , Aisyatul W. Afifiy
Published: June 2020

Permainan puzzle merupakan media sederhana yang dimainkan dengan cara bongkar pasang. Beberapa manfaat yang dapat diperoleh dari permainan puzzle adalah perkembangan emosi dan kemampuan motorik halus terhadap anak usia dini. Perkembangan emosi dan kemampuan motorik halus anak usia dini merupakan faktor penting untuk menunjang rasa percaya diri anak baik untuk lingkungan sekolah maupun rumah. Hasil observasi awal menunjukkan bahwa dari 64 Play Group yang ada di Kecamatan Sumbersari menunjukkan bahwa kurang maksimalnya penggunaan media puzzle baik untuk kegiatan di sekolah maupun dirumah. Untuk meningkatkan perkembangan emosi dan kemampuan motorik halus anak usia dini perlu  dioptimalkan dalam permainan puzzle. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi: “Adakah pengaruh permainan puzzle secara bersama-sama terhadap perkembangan emosi dan kemampuan motoric halus anak usia dini  di Play Group Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember Tahun Ajaran 2018-2019?. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 72 siswa dari 64 sekolah di Play Group Kecamatan Sumbersari, dengan menggunakan observasi, angket, dokumentasi dan wawancara sebagai teknik pengumpulan datanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan terhadap perkembangan emosi dan kemampuan motoric halus anak usia dini dengan menerapkan permainan puzzle. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, saran yang diberikan kepada peneliti bagi kepala sekolah, pembimbing maupun orang tua agar dapat menerapkan permainan puzzle baik untuk meningkatkan perkembangan emosi dan kemampuan motorik halus anak.
Larval and juvenile development of the Iceland cockle Ciliatocardium ciliatum (Fabricius, 1780) (Bivalvia: Cardiidae)
Authors: Flyachinskaya L.P. , Lezin P.A.
Published: June 2020

The paper considers the development of Ciliatocardium ciliatum from the stage of straight hinge to juvenile. In the White Sea the spawning of C. ciliatum begins at the end of June, larvae at different stages of development occur in plankton until the end of September. The earliest of the larvae found had shell lengths of 123–130 µm. The paper first examined the anatomy and structure of the larval shell of C. ciliatum. During the development, the main stages of organogenesis were described and special attention was paid to the formation of the digestive and muscular systems. The digestive system begins to function when the larva reaches a size of 170–180 µm. The digestive gland has a two-blade shape and is shifted to the right side. The foot is formed at a size of 230 µm, the gill rudiments appear when the larva reaches 270 µm. The development of the larval shell and larval hinge of the mollusc is considered in detail. The development of the larval shell of C. ciliatum is similar to the development of other family members. Throughout all the larval stages, the shell has a rounded shape with a low umbos, and the prodissoconch II has a clearly visible concentric structure. The C. ciliatum larval hinge is characterized by weak differentiation and the absence of pronounced cardinal teeth typical for other Cardiidae. However, the lateral structures of the castle – ridges and flanges – are well developed. The ligament begins to form at a size of 240–250 µm and occupies a lateral position. The settlement of the cockle takes place in September in the subtidal zone. After the metamorphosis, a large radial sculpture is formed on the dissoconch and a number of small spikes are formed at the rib of the posterior shoulder.
On the type locality of the steppe ribbon racer, Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1838) (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae)
Authors: Doronin I.V. , Dujsebayeva T.N. , Akhmedenov K.M. , Bakiev A.G. , Plakhov K.N.
Published: June 2020

The article specifies the type locality of the Steppe Ribbon Racer. The holotype Coluber (Taphrometopon) lineolatus Brandt, 1838 is stored in the reptile collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZISP No 2042). Literature sources provide different information about the type locality. A mistake has been made in the title of the work with the original species description: the western coast of the sea was indicated instead of the eastern one. The place of capture was indicated as “M. Caspium” (Caspian Sea) on the label and in the reptile inventory book of the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences. The specimen was sent to the museum by G.S. Karelin. The “1842” indicated on the labels and in the inventory book cannot be the year of capture of the type specimen, just as the “1837” indicated by A.M. Nikolsky. In 1837, Karelin was in Saint Petersburg and in 1842 in Siberia. Most likely, 1837 is the year when the collection arrived at the Museum, and 1842 is the year when the information about the specimen was recorded in the inventory book (catalog) of the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences. In our opinion, the holotype was caught in 1932. From Karelin’s travel notes of the expedition to the Caspian Sea in 1832, follows that the snake was recorded in two regions adjacent to the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea – Ungoza Mountain (“Mangyshlak Mountains”) and site of the Western Chink of Ustyurt between Zhamanairakty and Kyzyltas Mountains (inclusive) on the northeast coast of Kaydak Sor (“Misty Mountains”). In our article, Karelin’s route to the northeastern coast of the Caspian Sea in 1832 and photographs of these localities are given. The type locality of Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1838) should be restricted to the Mangystau Region of the Kazakhstan: Ungoza Mountain south of Sarytash Gulf, Mangystau (Mangyshlak) Penninsula (44°26´ N, 51°12´ E).
Estimation of amphibian and reptile diversity in the Kurghalsky Wildlife Sanctuary
Authors: Milto K.D.
Published: June 2020

Kurghalsky Wildlife Sanctuary occupies an extreme western position in the Leningrad Region (with the main city of St. Petersburg). The fauna of the Kurghalsky Wildlife Sanctuary is quite diverse and includes 6 species of amphibians and 5 species of reptiles. The core of herpetofauna is formed by several species (Lissotriton vulgaris, Bufo bufo, Rana arvalis, Rana temporaria, Anguis fragilis, Zootoca vivipara, Vipera berus) widely distributed in the boreal zone of Eurasia. It is enriched by a few subboreal species (Pelobates fuscus, Pelophylax ridibundus, Lacerta agilis, Natrix natrix), regionally rare in the taiga zone. The highest diversity of amphibians and reptiles (8 species) was registered in the boreal and intrazonal groups of plant communities such as the forb-grassy meadows, greenmoss and light pine heath forests. The greatest similarity of herpetofaunas is characteristic for communities of spruce and small-leaved forests (93%), small-leaved forests and meadows (93%), broad-leaved forests and bogs (89%), pine and spruce forests (88%) and small-leaved forests and bogs (83%). Differences in the species composition of the local herpetofaunas are associated with a tendency to depletion of the number of species in boreal communities: from coniferous and mixed forests to bogs, reed communities and beaches. The general depletion of herpetofauna of the north is associated primarily with the loss of subboreal elements. The diversity and relatively high density of amphibian and reptile populations indicate the good preservation of forest and coastal ecosystems.
Factors affecting the morphometric parameters of eggs of Trichocephalus suis Schrank, 1788, Ascaris suum Goeze, 1782 and Oesophagostomum dentatum Rudolphi, 1803 in the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Pasechnik A.A. , Lukyanova G.A. , Yagenich L.V.
Published: June 2020

The publication presents the results of the morphometric parameters of eggs of the most common intestinal nematodes of pigs in the Republic of Crimea that were measured using a computer program ImageJ. It was found that the sizes of eggs of Trichocephalus suis Schrank, 1788, Ascaris suum Goeze, 1782 and Oesophagostomum dentatum Rudolphi, 1803 differed significantly within the species in a fairly wide range. Also, the factors affecting the morphometric parameters of eggs of these nematodes were determined. Their changes depended significantly on the intensity of invasion, the season of the year and the stage of the biological cycle. Thus, it was found that with an increasing intensity of invasion the sizes of the eggs of these parasites decreased. Also, in the process of their maturation and development in the environment under the influence of favorable conditions of the time of year the sizes of the eggs of these species changed in different ways – they decreased in some species (A. suum, O. dentatum) and increased in the others (T. suis). Thus, the combined effect of certain specific factors in a particular area will contribute to a faster or slower maturation and development of the eggs of a particular type of helminth in the environment. Consequently, the period of the biological cycle of the same species of parasites in different areas will span a different interval of time. This issue was covered poorly in both domestic and foreign literature and will require further study and systematization.
THERMOVISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE TEMPERATURE IN THE CUTTING ZONE FOR TURNING AISI 321 STEEL
Authors: Bartoszuk Marian
Published: June 2020

The article presents the methodology of conducting research on temperature distribution in the cutting zone for orthogonal turning without the use of a cooling liquid. AISI 321 austenitic steel was chosen as the workpiece material to be tested, while TNMA160408 carbide inserts, with a flat rake face made of H10F carbide, were chosen as the cutting edges. The research used infrared imaging, which still poses many research problems. The author's own method of calibration of the measurement chain is also presented. In addition, the most common causes of inaccuracies in thermovision measurements of cutting temperatures are discussed. The obtained temperature distribution maps were related to the average contact temperature determined by the method of natural thermocouple – chips/rake face.
Effect of Probiotics on Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial
Authors: Sadeghi-Shabestari Mahnaz , Jabbari Moghaddam Yalda , Rezapoor Hasan , Sohrabpour Mojataba
Published: June 2020

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common diseases in the world and affects about 10-50% of the general population. Probiotics are live microorganisms that help the normal state of the intestine, and if prescribed correctly, they can stimulate the mucosal immune system to prevent inflammatory symptoms of allergy and atopy. The present study aims to investigate the role of probiotics in the treatment of AR when added to standard therapy as adjuvant agents. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 28 patients older than 15 years with AR randomly divided into probiotics and control groups. The probiotics group received standard therapy for AR accompanied by probiotic capsules every 12 hours for eight weeks, whereas the control group received standard therapy for AR with placebo capsules as the same protocol. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 23 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) and, the P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the probiotics group, 14.3% of patients had sneezing at the baseline, which significantly decreased to 4.6% (P<0.01). Also, the necessity for nasal and oral corticosteroids after treatment with probiotics in the probiotics group was less than the control group (P<0.01). Although cough, nasal discharge, conchae hypertrophy, and night sleep disorders reduced after treatment with probiotics, this reduction was not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of this clinical trial, the use of probiotics had no significant effect on the outcome of patients with AR. [GMJ.2020;9:e1918]
Zaman Kullanma Stilleri Ölçeğinin Türk Kültürüne Uyarlanması
Authors: YEŞİL Rüştü , YILMAZ Hasan
Published: June 2020

Zaman kullanma stilleri konusunda bireysel farkların bilinmesi iş yaşamında verimin ve motivasyonun artırılması amacıyla alınacak önlemlerde ve yapılacak düzenlemelerde önemli kolaylıklar sağlayacağı gibi psikolojik yardım konusunda da danışmanlara yardımcı olacaktır. Yapılan araştırmanın amacı insanların zaman kullanma stillerini ortaya çıkarabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının Türk kültürüne kazandırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla Usunier ve Valette-Florence (2007) tarafından 1994 yılında geliştirilip 2007 yılında revize edilen Zaman Sitilleri Ölçeğinin (The Time Styles Scale) uyarlama çalışması yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu %54’ü kadın, %46’sı erkek 145 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada verilerin analizinde açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA), doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve madde toplam korelasyon katsayısı teknikleri uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda özdeğeri 1’den büyük olan dört faktör tespit edilmiş; uyum iyiliği değerlerinin de (ki-kare 314.521, sd=258 (p=.009), x2/sd=1.219; NFI= .896; TLI= .976; IFI= .980; RMSEA= .040; GFI= .851; RMR= .062) iyi uyuma işaret ettiği görülmüştür. İç tutarlık katsayıları, alt boyutlardan planlı-ekonomik zaman kullanımı .899; geçmiş ve gelecek zaman baskısı .918; pasif zaman kullanımı .948; azim-ısrar .870 ve ölçeğin geneli için .884 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu bulgular Zaman Kullanma Stilleri Ölçeği Türkçe Sürümünün araştırmalarda ve eğitimciler için güvenle kullanabilecek bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermektedir.
Gündelik Hayatı Yerinden Etmek: Türkiye’den İngiltere’ye Göç Eden Nitelikli İşgücünün Göç Etme Nedenleri
Authors: AVCI AKSOY Özlem
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma Türkiye’de eğitim almış ve iyi bir yaşam seviyesine sahip olan (ekonomik, kültürel ve sosyal olarak) nitelikli işgücünün bu yaşamlarından vazgeçerek neden göç etme düşüncesi ve davranışı içinde olduklarını anlamak ve açıklamak amacındadır. Kişilerin bireysel olarak göç etme kararlarını etkileyen gündelik yaşam içinde mikro etkenler üzerinde yoğunlaşırken, çoğulculuğu ve tekilliği görmezden gelen bir gündelik hayatın eleştirel noktalarını ortaya koyma çabasındandır. Dolayısıyla ortaya çıkan göç hareketliliği, ait olduğu toplum yapısına ve iktidar ilişkilerine dair bir eleştiriyi içinde barındırır. Bu çalışma toplumsal değişim düşüncesinin gündelik hayatın içinden çıktığı ve bu değişimi gerçekleştirecek davranışların mikro politik bir direnişe dayandığı iddiasıyla hareket eder. Yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerle bu iddia doğrulanma çabasındadır. Böylece gündelik hayat, deneyim, tekillik, arzu, kaçış çizgileri, akış kavramları üzerine odaklanarak bu kavramlarla birlikte “yerinden olma” hali kavramsal ve teorik olarak kurgulamaya çalışılmış ve kurgu çerçevesinde de yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerle göç düşüncesi ve davranışı, gündelik hayatın içinde ortaya çıkmış mikro politik bir eylem ve tekilliğin direnişi olarak ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Early obliteration of pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations after stereotactic radiosurgery: an international multicenter study
Authors: Burke Rebecca M. , Chen Ching-Jen , Ding Dale , Buell Thomas J. , Sokolowski Jennifer D. , Lee Cheng-Chia , Kano Hideyuki , Kearns Kathryn N. , Tzeng Shih-Wei , Yang Huai-che , Huang Paul P. , Kondziolka Douglas , Ironside Natasha , Mathieu David , Iorio-Morin Christian , Grills Inga S. , Feliciano Caleb , Barnett Gene H. , Starke Robert M. , Lunsford L. Dade , Sheehan Jason P.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a treatment option for pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and early obliteration could encourage SRS utilization for a subset of particularly radiosensitive lesions. The objective of this study was to determine predictors of early obliteration after SRS for pediatric AVMs.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation AVM database. Obliterated pediatric AVMs were sorted into early (obliteration ≤ 24 months after SRS) and late (obliteration > 24 months after SRS) responders. Predictors of early obliteration were identified, and the outcomes of each group were compared.

RESULTS

The overall study cohort was composed of 345 pediatric patients with obliterated AVMs. The early and late obliteration cohorts were made up of 95 (28%) and 250 (72%) patients, respectively. Independent predictors of early obliteration were female sex, a single SRS treatment, a higher margin dose, a higher isodose line, a deep AVM location, and a smaller AVM volume. The crude rate of post-SRS hemorrhage was 50% lower in the early (3.2%) than in the late (6.4%) obliteration cohorts, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.248). The other outcomes of the early versus late obliteration cohorts were similar, with respect to symptomatic radiation-induced changes (RICs), cyst formation, and tumor formation.

CONCLUSIONS

Approximately one-quarter of pediatric AVMs that become obliterated after SRS will achieve this radiological endpoint within 24 months of initial SRS. The authors identified multiple factors associated with early obliteration, which may aid in prognostication and management. The overall risks of delayed hemorrhage, RICs, cyst formation, and tumor formation were not statistically different in patients with early versus late obliteration.
Multiple hippocampal transections for refractory pediatric mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: seizure and neuropsychological outcomes
Authors: Marashly Ahmad , Koop Jennifer , Loman Michelle , Kim Irene , Maheshwari Mohit , Lew Sean M.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common focal epilepsy across adult and pediatric age groups. It is also the most amenable to surgery, with excellent long-term seizure outcome. Most TLE cases have an epileptogenic zone in the mesial temporal structures, namely the hippocampus. Resecting the dominant hippocampus has been shown to be associated with significant verbal memory deficits, especially in patients with intact verbal memory scores presurgically. Multiple hippocampal transection (MHT) is a relatively new surgical technique designed to interrupt the longitudinal hippocampal circuitry involved in seizure propagation yet preserve the circular fibers involved in memory function. This technique has been used to treat mesial TLE in both dominant- and nondominant-hemisphere cases, almost exclusively in adults. It has been applied to normal and sclerotic hippocampi.

METHODS

In this study, information on 3 pediatric patients who underwent MHT for mesial TLE at Children’s Wisconsin between 2017 and 2018 is included. Clinical, electroencephalographic, and neuropsychological features and outcomes are described in detail.

RESULTS

MRI revealed a tumor in the amygdala with a normal hippocampus in 1 patient and hippocampal sclerosis in 2 patients. All patients underwent stereoelectroencephalography confirming the involvement of the hippocampus in seizure onset. MHTs were completed under intraoperative monitoring, with amygdala and temporal tip resection in all patients due to early spread to these regions. All patients had excellent seizure outcomes at 1 year, and 2 of the 3 patients remain seizure free at last follow-up (range 20–36 months), all with stable or improved neuropsychological profiles, including verbal memory.

CONCLUSIONS

MHT is a relatively new surgical procedure designed to preserve essential memory circuitry while disrupting seizure propagation pathways in the hippocampus. A growing body of literature shows good seizure and neuropsychological results, but mainly in adults. This is the first series of MHTs used exclusively in children at one medical center, showcasing excellent seizure control and preservation of neuropsychological functioning. One of the patients is also the first described to have MHT in the setting of an amygdalar tumor abutting the hippocampus, further expanding the pathological setting in which MHT can be used effectively.
Impact of lowest instrumented vertebra tilt and rotation on uninstrumented lumbar curve and L4 tilt in thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Iwata Akira , Sudo Hideki , Abumi Kuniyoshi , Ito Manabu , Yamada Katsuhisa , Iwasaki Norimasa
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Controversy exists regarding the effects of lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) tilt and rotation on uninstrumented lumbar segments in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery. Because the intraoperative LIV tilt from the inferior endplate of the LIV to the superior sacral endplate is not stable after surgery, the authors measured the LIV angle of the instrumented thoracic spine as the LIV angle of the construct. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the LIV angle of the construct and the effects of LIV rotation on the postoperative uninstrumented lumbar curve and L4 tilt in patients with thoracic AIS.

METHODS

A retrospective correlation and multivariate analysis of a prospectively collected, consecutive, nonrandomized series of patients at a single institution was undertaken. Eighty consecutive patients with Lenke type 1 or type 2 AIS treated with posterior correction and fusion were included. Preoperative and 2-year postoperative radiographic measurements were the outcome measures for this study. Outcome variables were postoperative uninstrumented lumbar segments (LIV tilt, LIV translation, uninstrumented lumbar curve, thoracolumbar/lumbar [TL/L] apical vertebral translation [AVT], and L4 tilt). The LIV angle of the construct was measured from the orthogonal line drawn from the upper instrumented vertebra to the LIV. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was conducted between outcome variables and patient demographics/radiographic measurements. There were no study-specific biases related to conflicts of interest.

RESULTS

Predictor variables for postoperative uninstrumented lumbar curve were the postoperative LIV angle of the construct, number of uninstrumented lumbar segments, and flexibility of TL/L curve. Specifically, a lower postoperative uninstrumented lumbar curve was predicted by a lower absolute value of the postoperative LIV angle of the construct (p < 0.0001). Predictor variables for postoperative L4 tilt were postoperative LIV rotation, preoperative L4 tilt, and preoperative uninstrumented lumbar curve. Specifically, a lower postoperative L4 tilt was predicted by a lower absolute value of postoperative LIV rotation (p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

The LIV angle of the construct significantly affected the LIV tilt, uninstrumented lumbar curve, and TL/L AVT. LIV rotation significantly affected the LIV translation and L4 tilt.
Two different types of postoperative sagittal imbalance after long instrumented fusion to the sacrum for degenerative sagittal imbalance
Authors: Park Hyung-Youl , Kim Young-Hoon , Kim Sang-Il , Han Sung-Bin , Ha Kee-Yong
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Few studies have addressed that dynamic sagittal imbalance can develop distal to the spinal fusion and cause sagittal malalignment, unlike proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in the proximal portion. The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors between the 2 different types of postoperative sagittal imbalance after long fusion to the sacrum for the treatment of degenerative sagittal imbalance (DSI).

METHODS

Eighty patients who had undergone surgical correction for DSI were included. Radiographic measurements included spinopelvic parameters on whole-spine plain radiographs and degeneration of paravertebral muscles on MRI. Univariate and multivariate analyses for clinical and radiological factors were conducted for respective risk factors. In subgroup analyses, the 2 different types of postoperative sagittal imbalance were directly compared.

RESULTS

Forty patients (50%) developed postoperative sagittal imbalance; of these patients, 22 (55.0%) developed static proximal kyphosis from PJK, and 18 patients (45.0%) developed dynamic sagittal imbalance without PJK. The independent risk factors in proximal kyphosis were greater postoperative pelvic tilt (HR 1.11) and less change in sacral slope (SS) (HR 1.09), whereas there were more fusion levels (HR 3.11), less change in SS (HR 1.28), and less change in thoracic kyphosis (HR 1.26) in dynamic sagittal imbalance. Directly compared with the proximal kyphosis group, dynamic sagittal imbalance was more commonly found in patients who had less correction of sagittal parameters as well as fatty atrophy of the paravertebral muscles. Clinical outcomes in the dynamic sagittal imbalance group were superior to those in the proximal kyphosis group.

CONCLUSIONS

Optimal correction of sagittal alignment should be considered in long instrumented fusion for DSI, because insufficient correction might cause one of 2 different types of postoperative sagittal imbalance at different sites of decompression. Dynamic sagittal imbalance compared with proximal kyphosis was significantly associated with less correction of sagittal alignment, in conjunction with more fusion levels and degeneration of the paravertebral muscles.
Characteristics of BCR/ABL1 kinase domain mutations in the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who are primary resistant to the imatinib therapy
Authors: Dmytrenko I , Minchenko J , Dyagil I
Published: June 2020

The chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) development is associated with the formation of the BCR/ABL1 fusion gene and the BCR/ABL1 protein with increased tyrosine kinase activity. Despite the high efficiency of targeted therapy, up to 30% of patients do not respond on such therapy i.e. are primary resistant. The presence of BCR/ABL1 kinase domain mutations is considered to be one of the reasons of tyrosin kinase inhibitors resistance. To evaluate the frequency of BCR/ABL1 kinase domain mutations in Ukrainian cohort of CML patients with primary resistance to imatinib therapy, we retrospectively studied BCR/ABL1 kinase domain mutations in peripheral blood of 107 CML patients. The nucleotide sequence was determined by direct sequencing by Sanger. Mutations were reported in 45 of 107 (41.7%) CML patients. Two mutations at a time were revealed in 8 patients. So a total of 53 mutations were found out. Among them 49 were missense-mutations and 4 - deletions of different regions of the BCR/ABL1 kinase domain gene. The missense-mutations F359I/V (12 patients), T315I (8 patients) and G250E (6 patients) were most common. By localization, the mutations majority (23 of 53) was in the P-loop, 10 mutations - in the contact site, 13 mutations - in the catalytic domain and 6 – in the A-loop. Of the detected mutations, 26 (49%) resulted in a disruption of the hydrogen bond between BCR/ABL1-tyrosine kinase and imatinib. Significant reduction in overall survival was found in patients with BCR/ABL1 kinase domain mutations compared with patients with wild-type of BCR/ABL1 gene (p=0.018). The estimated 3-year overall survival was 83.4% (95% CI: 77.0%-89.8%) and 94.3% (95% CI: 91.0%-97.3%), respectively. Therefore, mutations of the BCR/ABL1 kinase domain are one of the mechanisms of primary resistance in CML patients on imatinib therapy. The occurrence of BCR/ABL1 gene mutations impairs the prognosis of imatinib therapy response.
The changes of activity of separate carbohydrate metabolism enzymes in blood erythrocytes of pregnant rats under vanadium citrate
Authors: Klymets Halyna
Published: June 2020

The aim of the work was to study the effect of vanadium citrate on the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, estradiol content and to establish correlations between the activity of the studied enzymes and the estradiol content in pregnant female rats under the effect of vanadium compound. The study was carried out on 25 female Wistar rats, divided into five groups: group I - non-pregnant, group II - pregnant consuming pure water without additives, groups III, IV, V - females which during the mating and pregnancy periods received the solution of vanadium citrate at the concentrations of 3.75, 15.63 and 62.5 μgV/kg of body weight, respectively. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and estradiol content increase in pregnant females of group II compared to group I of non-pregnant animals. In pregnant females, the effect of vanadium citrate resulted in the decrease in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase in the blood of animals in groups IV and V, and the content of estradiol in the animals of all three experimental groups (III, IV, V), compared to group II of pregnant females. The values of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the animals of group IV, which received the solution of vanadium citrate at the concentration of 15.63 μgV/kg of body weight, was similar to that of the animals in group I. This may indicate the normalizing effect of vanadium citrate on the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase at the indicated concentration, which is probably due to the ability of the vanadium microelement to inhibit the activity of this enzyme. Vanadium citrate at the concentration of 15.63 μgV/kg of body weight caused the recovery of the enzyme activity to the values of the activity in group І.
Features of development of the zoobenthos in Shagany and Burnas Lagoons (Northern Black Sea)
Authors: Varigin Alexander
Published: June 2020

The qualitative composition and features of the quantitative development of zoobenthos of the salt Shagany and Burnas lagoons in the summer season of 2018 were determined. For comparison, the zoobenthos of the freshwater Maly Sasyk lagoon, connected by a channel to the Shagany lagoon, was studied. These reservoirs belong to the Tuzlovskaya group of lagoons, located in the Northern Black Sea region in the middle part of the Danube-Dniester interfluve. The depth in the sampling areas was 0,3–0,5m. It was noted that the water temperature in these reservoirs during the study period was about 30°C. Salinity in the Shagany and Burnas lagoons ranged from 24,55 to 32,56‰, and in the Maly Sasyk lagoon – from 4,79 to 7,06‰. As a part of the benthic community of lagoons, 21 species of invertebrates belonging to 9 taxes were found. The species composition of the zoobenthos of Shagany and Burnas lagoons did not differ much in view of the fact that these reservoirs are interconnected by wide straits passing through the Alibey lagoon. The largest number of species found belonged to Polychaeta worms, Amphipoda and Bivalve. One hundred percent occurrence was characteristic of eight invertebrate species. These species under conditions of shallow lagoons reached the greatest quantitative development. It was shown that a small species diversity of the bottom community of these lagoons was accompanied by high abundance and biomass of several invertebrate species. The mass invertebrate species was gastropod mollusks Hydrobia acuta, the abundance of which ranged from 1450 to 3675 ind.m-2. Most of the species found belonged to eurybiotic invertebrates, able to survive in a wide range of fluctuations of abiotic environmental factors. The nature of bottom sediments influenced not only quantitative development parameters, but also the size structure of bivalve mollusk populations living in the Shagany and Burnas lagoons.
Morphological peculiarities of seeds of some species of the genus Epipactis Zinn. (Orchidaceae Juss.) of Ukrainian flora
Authors: Ljubka T , Tsarenko O , Tymchenko I
Published: June 2020

The investigation of macro- and micromorphological peculiarities of seeds of four species of genus Epipactis (Orchidaceae) of Ukrainian flora were carried out. The genus Epipactis is difficult in the in in taxonomic terms and for its representatives are characterized by polymorphism of morphological features of vegetative and generative organs of plants and ability of species to hybridize. The aim of the research was to perform a comparative morphological study of seeds of E. helleborine, E. albensis, E. palustris, E. purpurata and to determine carpological features that could more accurately identify species at the stage of fruiting. A high degree of variation in the shape of the seeds in different populations within the species and overlap of most quantitative carpological characteristics of studied species are noted. There were no significant differences in micromorphological features of the structure of the testa at species or population level. The reticulate surface of the testa is characteristic of all species, the cells of testa are mostly elongated, penta-hexagonal, individual cells almost isodiametric-pentagonal. From the micropillary to the chalasal end, a noticeable change in the shape and size of the seed coat cells is not observed. There are no intercellular spaces, the anticlinal walls of adjacent cells are intergrown and the boundaries between them become invisible. The outer periclinal walls have a single, mainly longitudinal thin ribbed thickenings. Anticlinal cell walls are thick, dense, smooth. The longitudinal Anticlinal walls are almost straight, transverse - straight or sometimes curved in some cells. Epicuticular deposits on the periclinal walls are absent. It is concluded that the use of macro and micromorphological characteristics of seeds of these species for clearer diagnosis at the stage of fruiting is low informative.
The use of lactic acid bacteria as probiotics as a composition of live feed
Authors: Ignat Karina , Vasina Liliia
Published: June 2020

The losses in the conditions of intensive aquaculture can be linked with the development of a range of bacterial and viral infectious diseases of hydrobionts. Probiotics are used as the means of treatment and prevention of the dysbiosis of fish organisms. The search for new probiotic cultures and their subsequent trials, the possibility of their co-culturing, using this scientific foundation for devising combined preventative and therapeutic means and their further bioencapsulation in freshwater zooplankton will enable researchers to increase the resistance and responsiveness of fish organisms at the different stages of ontogenesis. The lactic acid bacteria are characterized as being toxic-free and having a wide range of antagonistic activity, namely the development of the colonization resistance of mucous membranes and coats owing to the generation of short-chain fatty acids, bacteriocins, lytic enzymes, antibiotic combinations, the decrease of pH index. This research is dedicated to the elucidation of new probiotic micro-organisms and the possibility of their integration into zooplankton aiming at their further use as the nutritious substrate for fish in the conditions of aquaculture. The thesis presents the results of the conducted analysis of the adhesive properties of probiotic cultures, determines their sensitivity to natural inhibitors as well as the main groups of antibiotics and evaluates the effectiveness of bioencapsulation of bacteria in the organisms of small-sized freshwater crustaceans. The bioencapsulation of mono- or combined probiotics in the organisms of daphnia has increased their survival rates, the length of the bodies of individual representatives of the species and hasn’t had a significant impact upon the correlation of the basic nutrients, which has been established in the course of the description of the biomass chemical content of small-sized crustaceans.
Allelopathic properties of species of the genus Acer L.
Authors: Moskalyk Halyna , Legeta Uliana
Published: June 2020

Allelopathically active substances serving as environmental chemoregulators are therefore an important factor in determining the species composition, cenotic structure, dynamics and productivity of plant communities. The allelochemicals get into soil from different organs, particularly lots are contained in the leaf deposit. Scientists focused on the research of allelopathic activity, mainly invasive species, while chemical interaction of aboriginal species remained disregarded. The paperwork is devoted to the research of allelopathic properties of leaf litter and rhizosphere of species of the genus Acer L. The index was determined by the conventional method of bioassays using water extracts from plants leaf litter and rhizosphere. For the purpose of objective evaluation of allelopathic effect, the impact of extracts in different concentrations (1:10, 1:50, 1: 100) was analyzed. As a biotester Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers. was used. The presence of allelopathic effect of leaf litter of the investigated species is proved, manifested in inhibition (germination of seeds, length of aerial parts of seedlings), as well as stimulating (root length) biotester indices. The descending row of allelopathic activity of leaf litter of the investigated species is as following: A. pseudoplatanus - A. campestre - A. platanoides - A. negundo. It was determined, that the rhizospheric soil layer from under the crown of studied species of the genus Acer L. is characterized by different allelopathic activity, which was manifested both in inhibition (including growth of the aerial part) and stimulation (root growth) of biotester indicators. Our research confirms the information that the effect of allelopathic interaction of plants can be both negative and positive. The studied species of the genus Acer L. have allelopathic property, so they can play an important role in intraspecific and interspecific interactions in plant communities.
Levels of dose-forming radionuclides in the young perch (Perca fluviatilis) in the Zaporizke Reservoir
Authors: Shapovalenko Zoia , Ananieva Tamila
Published: June 2020

It had been investigated the content levels and the coefficients of accumulation from water of the main dose-forming radionuclides (137Cs, 90Sr, 226Ra, 232Th, 40К) in different-age Perca fluviatilis from the Samara Bay and the lower part of the Zaporizke Reservoir. The three age groups of fish were used: one-summer old (0+), two summers old (1+), and three summers old (2+). The obtained data on consecutive reduction of radionuclide activity values in juvenile perch showed that maximal 137Cs content was found in individuals of age (0+), and the minimal one – in individuals aged (1+) from Samara Bay. The maximal accumulation of radioisotopes 90Sr was in individuals aged (0+) in the lower part of the Zaporizke Reservoir, and the minimal one in the perch of age (1+) in the Samara Bay. The highest levels of 226Ra and 40K were found in the (0+) fish from the Samara Bay, and the lowest contents were in individuals aged (2+) in the lower part of the reservoir. The value of the 232Th content level was maximal in the two-summer-olds from the lower part of the reservoir, and the minimal one – in (0+) fish from the Samara Bay. Artificial radionuclide 137Cs was accumulated in the largest amount by perch (0+) from the Samara Bay, and 90Sr – by fish from the lower part of the Zaporizke Reservoir. By values of accumulation coefficients, 232Th was in second place after 137Cs, indicating its significant contribution to the formation of the total dose of radiation. Majority of radioisotopes investigated were more intensively accumulated by the juvenile perch in the Samara Bay compared to the lower part of the Zaporizke Reservoir. The highest level of radionuclide accumulation at both studied sites of the Zaporizke Reservoir has been observed in (0+) fish.