bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome Analysis of Two Bacterial Strains Isolated from Diseased Freshwater Sponge Reveals the Probable Cause of Its Joint Domination in Microbial Community
Authors: Petrushin Ivan , Belikov Sergei , Chernogor Lubov
Published: September 2020

Endemic freshwater sponges (Demosponges, Lubomirskiidae) dominate in Lake Baikal and are multicellular filter-feeding animals represent a complex consortium of many species of eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In recent years, mass disease and death of the L. baicalensis have been an urgent problem of Lake Baikal. The etiology and ecology of these events remain unknown. Bacteria in microbiomes of diseased sponges of the families Flavobacteriaceae and Oxalobacteraceae were dominant. Both species are opportunistic pathogens common for freshwater ecosystems. The aim of our study is to analyze the genomes of strains Janthinobacterium sp. SLB01 and Flavobacterium sp. SLB02, isolated from diseased sponges to identify the reasons for their joint dominance. The first one attacks the other cells using type VI secretion system, suppress gram-positive bacteria with violacein pigment and regulate its own activity via quorum sensing. It makes the floc and strong biofilm by exopolysaccharide biosynthesis and PEP‐CTERM proteins expression. The second one utilizes the fragments of cell walls produced of polysaccharides. Named two strains have noticeable difference in carbohydrates acquisition. We described the possible way of joint occupation of ecological niche into freshwater sponge microbial community. This study expands understanding about symbiotic relationship of microorganisms with freshwater Baikal sponges.
Leaky Severe Combined Immunodeficiency in Mice Lacking Non-homologous End Joining Factors XLF and MRI
Authors: Castaneda-Zegarra Sergio , Zhang Qindong , Alirezaylavasani Amin , Fernandez-Berrocal Marion , Yao Rouan , Oksenych Valentyn
Published: September 2020

Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) is a DNA repair pathway required to detect, process, and ligate DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) throughout the cell cycle. The NHEJ pathway is necessary for V(D)J recombination in developing B and T lymphocytes. During NHEJ, Ku70 and Ku80 form a heterodimer that recognizes DSBs and promotes recruitment and function of downstream factors PAXX, MRI, DNA-PKcs, Artemis, XLF, XRCC4, and LIG4. Mutations in several known NHEJ genes result in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Inactivation of Mri, Paxx or Xlf in mice results in normal or mild phenotype, while combined inactivation of Xlf/Mri, Xlf/Paxx, or Xlf/Dna-pkcs leads to late embryonic lethality. Here, we describe three new mouse models. We demonstrate that deletion of Trp53 rescues embryonic lethality in mice with combined deficiencies of Xlf and Mri. Furthermore, Xlf-/-Mri-/-Trp53+/- and Xlf-/-Paxx-/-Trp53+/- mice possess reduced body weight, severely reduced mature lymphocyte counts, and accumulation of progenitor B cells. We also report that combined inactivation of Mri/Paxx results in live-born mice with modest phenotype, and combined inactivation of Mri/Dna-pkcs results in embryonic lethality. Therefore, we conclude that XLF is functionally redundant with MRI and PAXX during lymphocyte development in vivo. Moreover, Mri genetically interacts with Dna-pkcs and Paxx.
A Methodology for Assessing the Implementation Potential for Retrofitted and Multifunctional Urban Green Infrastructure in Public Areas
Authors: Fluhrer Tanja , Hack Jochen
Published: September 2020

Green Infrastructures (GI) are considered key to reconcile ecological and social benefits by providing multiple functions. The concept is increasingly promoted and guidelines for its implementation have been developed in many countries and regions of the Western Hemisphere. However, for other parts of the world, especially for countries with less developed infrastructures, promotion, guidance for decision-making and manuals for GI are often lacking. But the state of infrastructure development and often unplanned character of settlements in the Global South differ and result in specific constraints as well as demands to GI that need to be addressed explicitly. This study presents a methodological approach to explicitly address the specific conditions and physical limitations to GI development in urban areas of the Global South. A four step methodology was developed to assess the implementation potential for retrofitted and multifunctional urban green infrastructure in public areas. An initial site analysis (1) and the definition of design criteria as well as general strategies (2) to achieve the different dimensions of multi-functionality are the basis to derive spatial typologies (3) for GI elements and finally the spatial suitability assessment for potential placements (4). An application of the methodology to a study area in the metropolitan region of San José, Costa Rica, shows exemplarily that the potential to improve the hydrological conditions (up to 34% of surface runoff reduction), ecological conditions (increase of green space by 2,2 %, creation of 1500 m length of roadside greenery and two new habitat types), and social conditions (2.200 m of road type upgrading) of multi-functionality of the site through Green Infrastructures. These assessment results of different multi-functionality dimension can serve as a guidance for GI promotion and implementation in urban areas of the Global South.
Imam Zarkasyi’s Modernization of Pesantren in Indonesia (A Case Study of Darussalam Gontor)
Authors: Zarkasyi Hamid Fahmy
Published: September 2020

This paper aimed at elaborating Imam Zarkasyi’s thought and practices in modernizing the traditional Islamic education called Pesantren. The method employed for this study is descriptive and explanatory research. The data is collected from documents such as books, research article and brochure, and from author observation from time to time. This paper identifies that the educational thought and experiences of Imam Zarkasyi as well as his religious inclination played an important role in his modernization of pesantren. The research also found that Imam Zarkasyi’s thought and practices in modernizing Pesantren system started from his serious observation and evaluation as well as his appreciation of traditional pesantren and madrasah system of education. The step taken by Imam Zarkasyi to modernize the education system was by integrating pesantren and madrasah system. In modernizing curriculum Imam Zarkasyi integrated the formal, non-formal and informal education utilizing pesantren environment. Students are taught not only subjects on religion and general sciences in the classroom, but also obtaining morality, mental and job skill education and other values in pesantren tradition within a well-designed informal and non-formal education.  Finally, to ensure the sustainability of pesantren Imam Zarkasyi changed the status of Pesantren institution from personal ownership into public property by way Waqf. The thought had been practically implemented successfully in secondary level and now the Waqf  Board started to implement the practice at university level.
Localized or Regional? Urban Housing Policy Spillover in China’s Urban Agglomerations 2010–2018
Authors: Li Xiangfei , Han Hongli , Sun Minghan
Published: September 2020

Spatio-temporal model and event analysis were integrated in this paper, with 156 prefecture level cities’ housing transaction data and 167 items policies proposed by 10 central cities between January, 2010 and December, 2018 as samples. This paper studied the regional and cross-regional spillover effects of central cities’ urban housing regulation policies to the peripheral cities in the scope of urban agglomerations, as well as the policy-driven interactions of different regional real estate markets. The results indicated that: China’s regional housing market has obvious characteristics of policy orientation, of which the regulation measures on some central cities can affect the residential market and produce certain spillover interference on the market fluctuations of peripheral cities in time and space dimension. When geographical factor was considered, the 10 central cities had different degree of policy spillover effects caused by distinct policy types in their respective urban agglomerations. When ignoring spatial factors, restrictive policies in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhengzhou, Xi’an, Wuhan and Shenzhen had significant cross-regional spillover effects and drove the surrounding housing markets to have geared interactions, which to a certain extent revealed the flowing way of population and wealth in China’s regional economy during the past dozen years.
Фармакогенетика в анестезиологии: на что стоит обратить внимание
Authors: Махарин Олег Андреевич , Женило В. М. , Бычков А. А.
Published: September 2020

Individual pharmacogenetic features of patients areactively studied in various fields of medicine and anesthesiology is no exception. The purpose of this article is to unite the available literature data of polymorphisms affecting the perioperative period. The review includes information obtained from SCOPUS, MedLine, PharmGKB. The effects of cytochrome CYP2D6 polymorphism on the metabolism of tramadol, ondansetron and codeine are described. Also the influence of µ-opioid receptor OPRM1 polimorphism on the doses of narcotic analgesics and ryanodine receptor RYR1 and calcium channels on the probability of malignant hyperthermia are described, and also considered gene polymorphisms that affect the development of anaphylactic reactions
Use of Tradescantia pallida (Rose) DR Hunt var. purpurea Boom (Commelinaceae) as biomonitor and bioaccumulator in water sources which is not indicated for population's supply
Authors: Santos Deilany dos , Gonçalves Gustavo Henrique , Aparecido Gilberto Ranalli , Soares Veronica Cristina Gomes , Marques Sabrina de Almeida , Lopes Érika Simone , Moura Claudia de , Saldiva Paulo Hilário do Nascimento , Bizeto Luciana , Rocha-Lima Ana Beatriz Carollo
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze the quality of water from different waterspouts, which is frequently consumed by urban population, without control and without supervision. The samples are from country towns of (I) Cabreúva, (II) Cajamar and (III) Jundiaí, respectively, all situated in São Paulo State, in Brazil. For this analysis, we used the Trad-MCN methods, with the Tradescantia pallida (Rose) DR Hunt var. purpurea Boom (Commelinaceae), to identify and quantify the presence of micronucleus and estimate the mutagenesis rate. The microbiological and physical-chemical analysis (turbidity, phosphate, pH, temperature, ammonium, and coliforms) are obtained by reagents for aquarium testing and Ecokit II Alfakit(R). Cabreúva's waterspout presented bigger mutagenic power when compared to others, and it was the only sample containing fecal coliforms. All the experimental samples presented the toxicity. We observed the big expression of the micronucleus when the T. pallida purpurea was incubated within the three samples. The coliforms values observed in the samples were above of those permitted by law. The authorities must better inspect the waters source and request the people not to consume the water from these places.
Microplastics pollution in China water ecosystems: a review of the abundance, characteristics, fate, risk and removal
Authors: Tang Shuyuan , Gao Ling , Gao Hongze , Chen Zongshi , Zou Donglei
Published: September 2020

Microplastics pollution has been a focus for researchers in recent years worldwide, for the large quantities of plastics in production and the resistance to degradation. China's microplastics pollution attracts much attention because of its long coastline, large population and rapid economic development. This review addresses the widespread microplastics pollution in China's water ecosystems through available research results from recent years and analyses the abundance, characteristics, fate and risk of microplastics. This paper also discusses the current treatment technology of microplastics. The conclusions show that estuaries are severely affected by microplastics pollution; the accumulation of microplastics and adsorption of contaminants by microplastics could also lead to serious risks besides ingestion; there are few technologies that can efficiently remove microplastics pollution in sewage treatment plants. Finally, this review suggests directions for future research trends.
Nuevos registros de avifauna en el alto valle árido del río Magdalena en Huila, Colombia
Authors: Padilla Orlando
Published: September 2020

La región árida del río Magdalena en el departamento del Huila es una zona con escasos estudios en avifauna, ha estado sometida a cambios antrópicos notorios. Por ello, se consideró realizar un muestreo de avifauna para contribuir a un mayor conocimiento acerca de la misma. Para ello se realizaron recorridos de campo con longitudes variables, que significaron 92 horas de observaciones en zonas agrícolas cercanas al embalse El Quimbo durante su fase de llenado y mantenimiento. Se destacan los siguientes resultados: nuevos registros para la región de Atticora fasciata y Ammodramus aurifrons, especies con distribución conocida en las cuencas de los ríos Amazonas y Orinoco; tres especies hasta ahora no asociadas al valle árido del alto Magdalena (Heliornis fulica, Bubo virginianus, y Egretta rufescens); nuevas localidades en el valle alto para cuatro especies (Leucophaeus atricilla, Rynchops niger, Sarcoramphus papa y Pitangus lictor); y además novedades altitudinales y de hábitat para dos especies (Accipiter striatus y Asio stygius). Las implicaciones de estos registros son de interés para el conocimiento de la avifauna colombiana, ya que llenan vacíos de conocimiento sobre la distribución regional de algunas especies y aportan a la comprensión de las dinámicas de colonización, el intercambio de especies y el ensamble de comunidades de aves de esta región en el escenario actual de transformación del paisaje.
Uso de hábitats y recursos florales de Chalybura buffonii caeruleogaster (Aves: Trochilidae) en un sector del piedemonte llanero, Villavicencio, Colombia
Authors: Morales González Oscar Eduardo , Peñuela-Díaz Gerson , Carvajal-Cogollo Juan E.
Published: September 2020

El colibrí Chalybura buffonii caeruleogaster es una subespecie de cuya ecología se conoce poco, incluidos aspectos tróficos. Por esto se buscó aportar al conocimiento de uso de hábitats y especies vegetales usadas como alimento por C. b. caeruleogaster. Con ese fin se realizaron muestreos de marzo a septiembre de 2018 en las épocas secas y de lluvia en localidades del piedemonte llanero. Se obtuvieron registros de 16 individuos adultos, 10 machos y seis hembras, de los cuales 11 se observaron en la época de lluvias, y cinco, en la época seca. Los hábitats más usados fueron el tejido urbano, la vegetación secundaria y el mosaico de cultivos. Asimismo, se registraron 10 especies que formaron el recurso floral de C. b. caeruleogaster, entre las que se incluyen plantas ornamentales y nativas de la región. Esto brinda información sobre el aprovechamiento de recursos generalizados por parte de la especie. Los resultados expuestos aportan al conocimiento de la ecología de la especie (subespecie), de su carácter elusivo y del potencial de amplitud de su espectro dietario.  Se propone como recomendación evaluar los procesos y mecanismos ecológicos que moldean el tamaño poblacional (su rareza o carácter elusivo) y la capacidad de detección en ambientes naturales.
Comparing Effectiveness Between a Mobile App Program and Traditional Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hwang Hyunchan , Bae Sujin , Hong Ji Sun , Han Doug Hyun
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

This study proposes a digital program for the treatment of mental illness that could increase motivation and improve learning outcomes for patients. Several studies have already applied this method by using an exposure and response prevention–inspired serious game to treat patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

OBJECTIVE

We hypothesized that a mobile cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) program would be as effective in treating OCD as traditional offline CBT. In addition, the treatment efficacy in response to mobile CBT for OCD might be associated with increased brain activity within the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) tract.

METHODS

The digital CBT treatment program for OCD, OCfree, consists of 6 education sessions, 10 quests, and 7 casual games. Information was gathered from 27 patients with OCD (15 offline CBT and 12 OCfree CBT). During the 6-week intervention period, changes in clinical symptoms and brain function activity were analyzed.

RESULTS

There was no significant difference in the change in OCD symptoms and depressive symptoms between the two groups. However, the OCfree group showed greater improvement in anxiety symptoms compared to the offline CBT group. Both offline CBT and OCfree CBT increased the functional connectivity within the CSTC tract in all patients with OCD. However, CBT using OCfree showed greater changes in brain connectivity within the thalamus and insula, compared to offline CBT.

CONCLUSIONS

OCfree, an OCD treatment app program, was effective in the treatment of drug-naïve patients with OCD. The treatment effects of OCfree are associated with increased brain connectivity within the CSTC tract. Multisensory stimulation by education, quests, and games in OCfree increases the activity within the thalamus and insula in patients with OCD.
Future Mobile Device Usage, Requirements, and Expectations of Physicians in German University Hospitals: Web-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Maassen Oliver , Fritsch Sebastian , Gantner Julia , Deffge Saskia , Kunze Julian , Marx Gernot , Bickenbach Johannes
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

The use of mobile devices in hospital care constantly increases. However, smartphones and tablets have not yet widely become official working equipment in medical care. Meanwhile, the parallel use of private and official devices in hospitals is common. Medical staff use smartphones and tablets in a growing number of ways. This mixture of devices and how they can be used is a challenge to persons in charge of defining strategies and rules for the usage of mobile devices in hospital care.

OBJECTIVE

Therefore, we aimed to examine the status quo of physicians’ mobile device usage and concrete requirements and their future expectations of how mobile devices can be used.

METHODS

We performed a web-based survey among physicians in 8 German university hospitals from June to October 2019. The online survey was forwarded by hospital management personnel to physicians from all departments involved in patient care at the local sites.

RESULTS

A total of 303 physicians from almost all medical fields and work experience levels completed the web-based survey. The majority regarded a tablet (211/303, 69.6%) and a smartphone (177/303, 58.4%) as the ideal devices for their operational area. In practice, physicians are still predominantly using desktop computers during their worktime (mean percentage of worktime spent on a desktop computer: 56.8%; smartphone: 12.8%; tablet: 3.6%). Today, physicians use mobile devices for basic tasks such as oral (171/303, 56.4%) and written (118/303, 38.9%) communication and to look up dosages, diagnoses, and guidelines (194/303, 64.0%). Respondents are also willing to use mobile devices for more advanced applications such as an early warning system (224/303, 73.9%) and mobile electronic health records (211/303, 69.6%). We found a significant association between the technical affinity and the preference of device in medical care (χs2=53.84, P<.001) showing that with increasing self-reported technical affinity, the preference for smartphones and tablets increases compared to desktop computers.

CONCLUSIONS

Physicians in German university hospitals have a high technical affinity and positive attitude toward the widespread implementation of mobile devices in clinical care. They are willing to use official mobile devices in clinical practice for basic and advanced mobile health uses. Thus, the reason for the low usage is not a lack of willingness of the potential users. Challenges that hinder the wider adoption of mobile devices might be regulatory, financial and organizational issues, and missing interoperability standards of clinical information systems, but also a shortage of areas of application in which workflows are adapted for (small) mobile devices.
Upgrading and Global Value Chain 4.0: The Case of Palm Oil Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Perdana B. Endo Gauh
Published: September 2020

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 promotes digitalization and innovation across many sectors of industries allowing them to thrive by increasing productivity, profitability, product quality and performance. However, the utilization of digital technology especially in agricultural sector, requires effective governance in which must adhere to sustainability practices for upgrading strategies. As one of the main export commodities in Indonesia, the palm oil industry is in alert to face challenges brought by the Industrial Revolution 4.0. This research draws from the latest work of Gerrefi and Lee on Global Value Chain. In the framework of horizontal industrial cluster and vertical global value chain governance, the theory examines how governance and upgrading trajectories produces economic upgrading which correlates to social and environmental upgrading. This research, then scrutinizes the question posed by the role of technology which supports as well as accelerates the upgrading strategies. The GVC analysis of Indonesian palm oil industry will be used as a case study to understand the complexity of how actors operate in every cluster of governance. Economic upgrading is not always associated with social and environmental upgrading. Therefore, a strong linkage between actors suggests that the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is relevant and essential to enhance synergy to cater for economic, social and environmental dimensions in order to harness the potential of sustainable development.
Волоконно-­оптические сенсоры на основе особо чистых халькогенидных стекол
Authors: Ширяева В.С. , Вельмужов А.П. , Караксина Э.В. , Котерева Т.В. , Степанов Б.С. , Бойко Е.В.
Published: September 2020

Представлены экспериментальные результаты по разработке волоконных сенсоров на основе пассивных и активных световодов из особо чистых халькогенидных стекол для изучения химического состава жидкостей методом эванесцентной ИК-спектроскопии. Изготовлены источники спонтанного излучения диапазона 1–9 мкм на основе халькогенидных световодов, легированных ионами редкоземельных элементов, с высокими эмиссионными свой­ствами. На основе пассивных халькогенидных световодов разработаны и созданы новые типы высокочувствительных волоконных сенсорных элементов. Проведены успешные испытания различных халькогенидных световодов для анализа нефтепродуктов и объектов окружающей среды.
Проект химического факультета МГУ им. М. В. Ломоносова и Политехнического музея. Хроматография: исторический экскурс
Authors: Фурман А.Н. , Баум Е.А.
Published: September 2020

В течение ряда лет студенты химического факультета МГУ им. М. В. Ломоносова участвуют в совместном проекте с Политехническим музеем по атрибуции артефактов этого научно-­просветительского учреждения. Статья посвящена изучению истории появления на отечественном рынке аналитического оборудования промышленного автоматического газового хроматографа ХПА‑2, а также вопросам его эксплуатации. Ее предваряет историческое эссе об истории возникновения хроматографического метода анализа и его варианта – ​газовой хроматографии, написанное на основе анализа ряда последних западных публикаций в этой области. Материалы статьи были апробированы на студенческой научно-­практической конференции «К истории химического инструментария и химико-­технологических процессов», проведенной при сотрудничестве химического факультета МГУ и Политехнического музея в декабре 2019 года.
Prácticas docentes en el Bachillerato Técnico Policial de la Universidad Virtual del Estado de Guanajuato
Authors: Granados Muñoz Rolando
Published: September 2020

Las tecnologías de la información han ocasionado que estudiantes e instituciones educativas afronten una virtualización de la educación. Un factor clave para optimizar dicha modalidad educativa son las buenas prácticas docentes, como las que se han implementado en el Bachillerato Técnico Policial de la Universidad Virtual del Estado de Guanajuato, las cuales se describen en este artículo: presentación y mensaje de bienvenida, elaboración de un cronograma de actividades y retroalimentación de trabajos.
Funcionalización de los recubrimientos a base de quitosano para la conservación postcosecha de frutas y hortalizas
Authors: Anaya-Esparza Luis M. , Pérez-Larios Alejandro , Ruvalcaba-Gómez José M. , Sánchez-Burgos Jorge A. , Romero-Toledo Rafael , Montalvo-González Efigenia
Published: September 2020

En años recientes, se ha buscado el desarrollo y aplicación de recubrimientos comestibles que sean seguros, biodegradables y con adecuadas propiedades tecnológicas y funcionales que ayuden a extender la vida de anaquel de frutas y hortalizas. El quitosano es uno de los biomateriales con mayor potencial para la elaboración de recubrimientos comestibles. Sin embargo, su principal desventaja es la alta permeabilidad al vapor de agua que exhibe, por lo que, una alternativa para mitigar esta limitante, es su funcionalización mediante la incorporación de compuestos orgánicos (aceites esenciales, extractos naturales, ácido ascórbico, hidrolizados de proteína, polisacáridos) e inorgánicos (SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, Ag y montmorillonita), además, de la adición de microorganismos (levaduras) a la matriz polimérica. El quitosano funcionalizado, aplicado a productos hortofrutícolas, ha mostrado mejores resultados (mayor vida de anaquel y cambios mínimos en parámetros de calidad) que los obtenidos al emplear quitosano sin funcionalizar. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir y discutir los beneficios y limitaciones de la funcionalización del quitosano y su aplicación en productos hortofrutícolas.
Recursos pessoais e contextuais preditores de perceção de saúde na adolescência
Authors: Soares Ana , Pais-Ribeiro José L. , Silva Isabel
Published: September 2020

A Perceção de Saúde é o produto da interação entre características pessoais e condições contextuais. Esta reflete os recursos da pessoa, assim como consiste numa avaliação dinâmica, um julgamento que reflete estado e processo de desenvolvimento. O Modelo de Recursos do Desenvolvimento – Developmental Assets® – proporciona uma abordagem holística na compreensão do desenvolvimento, foco em Recursos que podem ser explorados quer ao nível individual, quer contextual de modo a propiciar aos adolescentes um desenvolvimento saudável. O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em explorar a relação entre a Perceção de Saúde e a experiência de Recursos do Desenvolvimento. Foi avaliada uma amostra de conveniência constituída por 503 estudantes portugueses, com idades compreendidas entre os 13 e 19 anos (M = 16; DP = 1,2), maioritariamente do género feminino (63%). Os resultados indicam que melhor Perceção de Saúde está associada a maior experiência de Recursos do Desenvolvimento. Os dados sugerem o impacto de um subconjunto de Recursos na predição de Saúde, constituindo os Recursos Internos os preditores mais fortes. Sugere-se a utilidade teórica e prática da utilização do Modelo de Recursos do Desenvolvimento para a compreensão da Perceção de Saúde em adolescentes.
Ubicuidad en sistemas de telecomunicaciones a través de laboratorios virtuales
Authors: Gomez Rojas Jorge , Camargo Arisa Leonardo , Medina Delgado Byron
Published: September 2020

Basados en la tecnología y el auge de los sistemas de información y telecomunicaciones se presenta un aplicación para atender la necesidad a la optimización de recursos en los programas académicos de ingeniería electrónica. Utilizando técnicas para la virtualización de recursos educativos, se desarrolló una plataforma virtual para el adiestramiento y entrenamiento ubicuo en el área de las telecomunicaciones “Labsistel”, la realización de este proyecto contribuye con el desarrollo académico de los estudiantes de ingeniería electrónica, brindándoles una herramienta que le facilita a cualquier programa de ingeniería electrónica abarcar la temática de las cátedras, aprovechando los espacios, con el fin de enriquecer los conocimientos.Palabras clave: TIC, sistema de telecomunicaciones, gestor de contenido.
The Role of Computer Education in the Behavioral Intentions to Use Information Technology in Hospitals in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Osei Ernest , OPPONG PETER KWASI
Published: September 2020

Computer education is increasing steadily because it is well-recognized as a major indicator of the successful acceptance of information technology applications in an organization. Despite the advantages associated with computer education, there is a relative scarcity of empirical studies on the potential role of computer education in the behavioural intentions of staff to use information technology applications, particularly in healthcare settings. Thus, this research is aimed to investigate the role of computer education to the behavioural intentions of staff to use information technology applications in the hospitals in Kumasi. Guided by Davis` technology acceptance model, five hypotheses were stated and examined through structural equation modeling. Utilizing stratified sampling, data were gathered via a survey questionnaire from a sample of 154 staff in the hospitals in Kumasi. The research revealed that computer education contributes positively to the behavioural intentions to use via the impact of perceptions of ease of use of technology applications in the hospitals in Kumasi. The research, therefore, recommends that the management should consider computer education in the adoption of technology systems to enhance the staff perceptions of ease of use and hence, their intentions to use to improve health care in the Metropolis.
Research on the integrated design of solar thermal energy systems and existing multi-storey residential buildings
Authors: Wang Ruozhu , Qian Yongmei , Tian Wei , Jin Yujie
Published: September 2020

To save energy and commit to the environmental protection and sustainable development of green ecological buildings, how to integrate solar energy systems with the reconstruction of multi-storey residential buildings has become a key area of growth in the current construction market. Fully integrating solar thermal energy systems with such reconstruction is a major problem. In this paper, the integration of solar thermal energy systems, roof design, and elevation design were studied systematically. Various effective schemes were presented, laying a foundation for the integrated design of existing multi-storey buildings and solar thermal energy systems during reconstruction.
Code Switching in the Toba Batak Wedding Ceremony
Authors: Sagala Rakhmat Wahyudin , Sihombing Lince , Pulungan Anni Holila
Published: September 2020

The aims are to find out: 1) the types of code switching used in the Toba Batak wedding ceremony, 2) how the participants switch language in the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony, and 3) reason why the participants switch language in the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony. The data were obtained from the utterances of participants which contain code switching during the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony precisely in Marhaban, replying and exchanging the verses of rhymes, exchanging of Tepak, and upah-upah stages. They were analyzed by using some steps as normally applied in descriptive qualitative method. The instruments of data collection were audio visual recorder. The findings of the study indicate that; a) Three types of code switching found namely intrasentential, intersentential and tag switching b) Participants in Toba Batak wedding ceremony mix some languages based on participants’ tribes which involved in the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony and they also adjust the situation and the condition of the people c) Three reasons of code switching during the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony namely the differences of family’s tribes, religion factor and place of wedding ceremony be held. Keywords: Code Switching; Toba Batak; Traditional Marriage
The Maintenance of Bahasa Simalungun in Kecamatan Gunung Maligas
Authors: Saragih Enni Erawati , Saragih Amrin , Murni Sri Minda
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study is to identify levels of language endangerment of BahasaSimalungun (BS), to ascertain the domains which are needed proportionally to be managed by the speakers to maintain and to ascertain the ways can be done by the BSS in maintaining BS. This study was based on qualitative approach. Interviews and questionnaire are used as instrument of data. The data were collected by interviewing 22 Simalungunese comprising of second and first generation. The data were analyzed with reference to the theory six levels of language endangerment by UNESCO and Language Use domain by Fishman.The findings showed (1) BS is in the stage of risk up to nearly extinct, this was caused by intermarriage, residence in non Simalungun family and parent attitudes,(2) BS needs to be proportionally managed because most of them are shy to learn and use BS in their daily life, and (3) 20 options offered to maintain BS and18 options were agreed by using BS in wedding ceremony (family domain), using BS in IKEIS (friendship domain), using BS in Perwiritan (religion domain), learn BS as Mulok (educational domain), and using BS in selling and buying activity (employment domain). Key words: Language maintenance; Language endangerment.
First Language Phonological Acquisition by a Two Years Old Mandailing Child
Authors: Iskandar Wildan , Sihombing Lince , Tampubolon D.P.
Published: September 2020

This study focused on describing: (1) what phones are acquired by a two years old Mandailing child. (2) how a two years old Mandailing child acquires the phonology production.  (3) how the phonological  productions of the words acquired by a two years old Mandailing child. A qualitative research was applied. The findings indicated that kinds of word are noun, adjective, verb and adverb and the most aspect of phonology found in this study is noun. The subject acquired the words through interaction with his family and sometimes used body language when he talked with his parents. The phonological production of the words acquired by the subject with several processes out of the twelve processes. Based on the findings, there are some suggestions: (1) Parents have to guide his child in learning to communicate as good as possible in order to the child can communicate well and effectively with other people in his environment, (2) In order to make a good communication and conversation, it is suggested to make approach to the child’s behaviors and habitual, (3) If parents want their child can acquire words well, they have to introduce words well and also guide him to pronounce it every day when they talk with him. Keywords: Child; Language Acquisition; and  Phonology
The Effect of Teaching Reading Methods and Learning Motivationon the stdent’s Achievement in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Rangkuti Sa'adah Bahri , Sibarani Berlin , Tampubolon D.P.
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study were to investigate whether: (1) Students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using SPE is higher than students’ Achievement in Reading comprehension taught by using SQ4R, (2) Reading comprehension achievement of high learning motivation students is higher than reading achievement of low learning motivation students, and (3) There is significant interaction between teaching reading methods and students learning motivation on students reading comprehension achievement. An experimental research with factorial design 2x2 was used in this research. The first group was treated by using SPE and the second group was treated by using SQ4R. The learning motivation test was conducted for classifying the students upon the high learning motivation and the low learning motivation. The data were analyzed by applying Two-Way ANOVA. The result reveals that (1) students achievement in reading comprehension taught by using SQ4R is higher than that of taught by using SPE, (2) reading comprehension achievement of high learning motivation students is higher that reading achievement of low learning motivation students (3) There is significant interaction between teaching reading method and students learning motivation on students achievement in reading comprehension. Thus, teaching methods and students’ learning motivation significantly affect the students’ achievement in reading comprehension. Keywords: Motivation; Reading Comprehension; and Teaching Reading Methods.
Language Policy of Bilingual Family Towards Children’s Word Production
Authors: Lumbanbatu Ira Maria Fran , Sumarsih Sumarsih , Sihombing Lince
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are to investigate the way the bilingual families decide their own language policy through the components of language policy, the way the parents apply language policy to succeed their children words production, and to find out the factors why the parents apply the language policy the way they are. This research applied qualitative approach by phenomenology term through observation, questionnaire and in–depth interview. The research findings showed that bilingual families use the components of language policy namely language ideology, language practice and language management. Mostly parents considered language ideology and language management. Otherwise, language practice were not applied by them completely, it can be seen through language that their children use will be different with what the parents have expected. Language policy is applied in family by practicing the language directly. There are some influences that make the parents practice the language directly, namely: influences of outside home and there is no balance guidance of practicing language between mother and father. Factors that support parents in conducting language policy are intermarriage, maintaining the language particularly tribal language, the position of language using in formal context such as school and the position of language which is used in their environment.   Keywords: Bilingual families; Language policy; and Word Production.
The Effect of Teaching Strategies and Cognitive Style on Reading Comprehension
Authors: Napitupulu Marlin Helentina , Sihombing Lince , Sibarani Berlin
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study were to examine whether (1) the students’ achievement on reading comprehension taught by using CSR Strategy is higher than that of taught by using REAP Strategy, (2) reading comprehension achievement of reflective cognitive style is higher than reading comprehension achievement of impulsive cognitive style, and (3) there is interaction between teaching strategies and cognitive styles on students’ achievement on reading comprehension. This study was conducted by using experimental research with factorial design 2X2. The data were analyzed by using Two-Way ANOVA. Based on the analysis, there were found that (1) CSR and REAP strategy significantly affect students’ achievement on reading comprehension, students’ achievement on reading comprehension taught by using CSR is higher than that of the students’ taught by using REAP; (2)the achievement on reading comprehension of the students with reflective cognitive style is higher than that of the students with impulsive cognitive style; and (3) there is an interaction between teaching strategies and cognitive style on students’ reading comprehension achievement. It showed that students who read with reflective cognitive style got higher result than students who read with impulsive cognitive style if they were taught by CSR, and students who read with reflective cognitive style got higher  result than students who read with impulsive reflective style if they were taught by REAP. Key words: cognitive style; reading comprehension; and teaching strategies
The Effect of Teaching Strategies and Prior Knowledge on Students’ Achievement in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Sihite Debora Anggreini , Sumarsih Sumarsih , Santoso Didik
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this experimental research were to find out whether: 1) students achievement in reading comprehension taught by using directed reading thinking activity (DRTA) strategy was higher than taught by using reciprocal teaching strategy. 2) Students’ achievement in reading comprehension with high prior knowledge was higher than that students with low prior knowledge, and 3) there was interaction between teaching strategies and prior knowledge on students’ achievement in reading comprehension. The population of this research was the students in grade VIII of SMP Dwi Tunggal T. Morawa in 2012/2013 school year. Prior knowledge test was conducted for classifying the students upon the high and low prior knowledge. Students’ achievement in reading comprehension was measured by using reading comprehension test. The data were analyzed by applying two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the level of significant . Scheffe –test result also showed that high prior knowledge students got higher achievement if they were taught by using directed reading thinking activity strategy while low prior knowledge students got higher achievement if they were taught by using reciprocal teaching strategy. Keywords: Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) Strategy; Reciprocal Teaching Strategy; Achievement in Reading Comprehension; Prior Knowledge
Speech Acts in the Apprentice Asia TV Program
Authors: Pahlevi Muhammad Reza , Saragih Amrin , Pulungan Anni Holila
Published: September 2020

This study is concerned with the use of speech acts in The Apprentice Asia TV program. The objectives of this study were to describe, to explain the types of speech acts used by the host, advisors and contestants of The Apprentice Asia, and the reasons. The findings of this study showed that all types of speech acts, namely representative, directive, commissive, expressive and decalarative were used by the host and contestants, while the advisors did not use expressive and declarative. The dominant type of speech act used by the host was directive, while the advisors and contestants dominantly used representative speech act. The participants performed them by direct, indirect, literal and non-literal way. There were some reasons of using types of speech acts used by all participants. In order to get information from other participants about the performances of the contestants in running the task, type of speech acts used by the host was directive in the form of questioning. On the other hand, the advisors and contestants were the participants whose informations required by the host. Therefore, in responding what the host asked to them, they performed their speech acts through representative in the forms of informing. Key words : Apprentice Asia; Speech Acts;and TV program.
Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates
Authors: Zati Vidya Dwi Amalia , Sumarsih Sumarsih , Sihombing Lince
Published: September 2020

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances.   Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts
Acehnese’s Attitude in Using Vernacular through Hadih Maja in Banda Aceh
Authors: Gusti Erwina , Ginting Siti Aisah
Published: September 2020

This study explains Acehnese’s Attitude in using vernacular through Hadih Maja in Banda Aceh.  The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the kinds of language attitude used by adolescents in using vernacular in Banda Aceh;  (2)  to investigate the behavior of the adolescents when they are using their vernacular; (3) to explain the process of the adolescents use the conserved Hadih Maja as representative in using their vernacular. This qualitative research selected 30 Acehnese adolescents who lived in Banda Aceh taken by purposive random sampling. Questionnairre was used to collect the data of Acehnese adolescents’ language attitude towards their vernacular. Interview was used to collect the data of the adolescents’ reasons in using their vernacular. Transcription of Acehnese adolescents’ conversation from audio recorder was used to get the data of the attitude by Acehnese adolescents. The data were analyzed by using interactive model by Moeleong. This research found that: (1) the adolescents used negative attitude in using vernacular in Banda Aceh; (2) they showed negative attitude in using vernacular because irresponsibility toward vernacular based on the philosophy of Hadih Maja; (3) and they used Hadih Maja in certain situation namely, wedding ceremony and traditional art program because their awareness to conserve it as their representative in using their vernacular. Keywords: language attitude, Acehnese vernacular, Hadih Maja
Code Switching in “Just Alvin” Talk Show Program on Metro TV
Authors: Nasution Ade Rahmah , Husein Rahmad
Published: September 2020

The objectives of the study are to find out the types of code switching occurring in the talk show, the process of code switching, and the reasons for code switching in the talk show. This research was conducted by qualitative content analysis method. The data were obtained from the downloaded videos and then were transcribed. The data were four episodes of Just Alvin talk show. The transcriptions were analyzed by applying qualitative method. The findings showed that all types of code switching, i.e. lexical, phrasal, clausal code switching, idiomatic code switching and proverbial code switching occurred in all episodes. The realization of code switching in the talk show by inserting a word or terms of English language and alternating the language in the form of idiom or proverb. The reasons for code switching were found, such as; (1) Avoiding candid talk about something sensitive and private, (2) Selecting the audience and protecting from negative opinion, (3) Avoiding candid talk about something embarrassing in our country. It is concluded that the different topic and context create different criteria too as reasons of someone switch their language.   Keywords: achievement,code-switching, personal life