bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mid‐Atlantic Ridge Near 13°20′N: High‐Resolution Magnetic and Bathymetry Imaging
Authors: Searle R. C. , MacLeod C. J. , Peirce C. , Reston T. J.
Published: December 2018

We describe detailed magnetic and bathymetric studies around 13°N on the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, a site of extensive detachment faulting. Inversion of closely spaced sea surface magnetic anomalies reveals a disorganized pattern of magnetization, with anomalies younger than anomaly 2 being poorly delineated. The Brunhes anomaly width is highly variable but averages ~60% of that predicted for the regional spreading rate. It is often split, both along and across axis, by apparently reversely magnetized crust. Gaps in the Brunhes anomaly match gaps in the neovolcanic zone inferred from acoustic backscatter. A strong negative magnetization is associated with the oceanic core complex (OCC) at 13°20′N (OCC1320) and is inferred to arise from exhumed old, reversely magnetized lithosphere. The inferred position of the magmatic axis implies ~30% asymmetry of crustal accretion post‐anomaly‐2. Higher spatial resolution magnetic anomalies near the seafloor, measured by autonomous underwater vehicle, are qualitatively similar to earlier deep‐towed data but differ somewhat from the sea surface magnetics. We interpret this mismatch as reflecting the differing sensitivities of the two observing geometries and the existence of a highly heterogeneous topography and magnetization. This suggests that a strongly three‐dimensional structure exists, more compatible with a geodynamic model where neighboring OCCs are not connected but evolve independently. A modeled near‐seafloor profile through OCC1320 shows low positive magnetization below the smooth dome. A second profile, running E‐W between two OCCs, shows high magnetization coinciding with a large seamount, reflecting recent off‐axis volcanism. Measured microbathymetry reveals extensive small volcanic cones on this seamount and confirms previous interpretations of OCC morphology.
Reactive Iron and Iron‐Bound Organic Carbon in Surface Sediments of the River‐Dominated Bohai Sea (China) Versus the Southern Yellow Sea
Authors: Wang Di , Zhu Mao‐Xu , Yang Gui‐Peng , Ma Wei‐Wei
Published: December 2018

Factors influencing reactive Fe cycling and its protection of organic carbon (OC) in sediments are poorly understood. Here we comparatively study Fe speciation and Fe‐associated OC (Fe‐OC) in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea (BHS) and southern Yellow Sea (SYS), two seas with common sediment sources but different depositional regimes. Though significant sequestration of highly reactive Fe (FeHR) is expected in the estuarine system stream from the river‐dominated BHS, this pool is, however, slightly enriched in the BHS sediments relative to their source material. This reconfirms a previous speculation of sedimentary FeHR enrichment in semi‐protected settings. Relative to the BHS, the SYS sediments are depleted of FeHR, despite common sediment sources of these two areas. Estuarine pre‐enrichment and subsequent redistribution of FeHR in the BHS, and aging of Fe‐bearing authigenic clays during transport from the BHS to the SYS are potential mechanisms for the depletion. The fractions (fFe‐OC) of Fe‐OC in total OC in sediments of the two seas are at the lower end for soils and sediments, indicating Fe being a minor “rusty sink.” 13CFe‐OC fractionations indicate preferential sequestration of terrestrial OC by Fe oxides in the BHS, in contrast with preferential retention of marine OC in the SYS. Different fractionations of 13CFe‐OC in the two seas are a net result of selective adsorption of OC by Fe oxides and selective stabilization of OC during Fe reductive dissolution. Preferential sequestration of terrestrial OC may exert an important influence on distribution and compositions of OC buried in the river‐dominated system.
Genetic correlation between multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia provides evidence for shared aetiology
Authors: Went Molly , Sud Amit , Speedy Helen , Sunter Nicola J. , Försti Asta , Law Philip J. , Johnson David C. , Mirabella Fabio , Holroyd Amy , Li Ni , Orlando Giulia , Weinhold Niels , van Duin Mark , Chen Bowang , Mitchell Jonathan S. , Mansouri Larry , Juliusson Gunnar , Smedby Karin E , Jayne Sandrine , Majid Aneela , Dearden Claire , Allsup David J. , Bailey James R. , Pratt Guy , Pepper Chris , Fegan Chris , Rosenquist Richard , Kuiper Rowan , Stephens Owen W. , Bertsch Uta , Broderick Peter , Einsele Hermann , Gregory Walter M. , Hillengass Jens , Hoffmann Per , Jackson Graham H. , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Nickel Jolanta , Nöthen Markus M. , da Silva Filho Miguel Inacio , Thomsen Hauke , Walker Brian A. , Broyl Annemiek , Davies Faith E. , Hansson Markus , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Dyer Martin J. S. , Kaiser Martin , Sonneveld Pieter , Morgan Gareth J. , Hemminki Kari , Nilsson Björn , Catovsky Daniel , Allan James M. , Houlston Richard S.
Published: December 2018

The clustering of different types of B-cell malignancies in families raises the possibility of shared aetiology. To examine this, we performed cross-trait linkage disequilibrium (LD)-score regression of multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) genome-wide association study (GWAS) data sets, totalling 11,734 cases and 29,468 controls. A significant genetic correlation between these two B-cell malignancies was shown (Rg = 0.4, P = 0.0046). Furthermore, four of the 45 known CLL risk loci were shown to associate with MM risk and five of the 23 known MM risk loci associate with CLL risk. By integrating eQTL, Hi-C and ChIP-seq data, we show that these pleiotropic risk loci are enriched for B-cell regulatory elements and implicate B-cell developmental genes. These data identify shared biological pathways influencing the development of CLL and, MM and further our understanding of the aetiological basis of these B-cell malignancies.
Selection and Characterization of Anti-Dengue NS1 Single Domain Antibodies
Authors: Shriver-Lake Lisa C. , Liu Jinny L. , Zabetakis Dan , Sugiharto Victor A. , Lee Cheng-Rei , Defang Gabriel N. , Wu Shuenn-Jue L. , Anderson George P. , Goldman Ellen R.
Published: December 2018

Reliable detection and diagnosis of dengue virus (DENV) is important for both patient care and epidemiological control. Starting with a llama immunized with a mixture of recombinant nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen from the four DENV serotypes, a phage display immune library of single domain antibodies was constructed and binders selected which exhibited specificity and affinity for DENV NS1. Each of these single domain antibodies was evaluated for its binding affinity to NS1 from the four serotypes, and incorporated into a sandwich format for NS1 detection. An optimal pair was chosen that provided the best combination of sensitivity for all four DENV NS1 antigens spiked into 50% human serum while showing no cross reactivity to NS1 from Zika virus, yellow fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, and minimal binding to NS1 from Japanese encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. These rugged and robust recombinant binding molecules offer attractive alternatives to conventional antibodies for implementation into immunoassays destined for resource limited locals.
Phylogeography of western Mediterranean Cymbalaria (Plantaginaceae) reveals two independent long-distance dispersals and entails new taxonomic circumscriptions
Authors: Carnicero Pau , Schönswetter Peter , Fraga Arguimbau Pere , Garcia-Jacas Núria , Sáez Llorenç , Galbany-Casals Mercè
Published: December 2018

The Balearic Islands, Corsica and Sardinia (BCS) constitute biodiversity hotspots in the western Mediterranean Basin. Oligocene connections and long distance dispersal events have been suggested to cause presence of BCS shared endemic species. One of them is Cymbalaria aequitriloba, which, together with three additional species, constitute a polyploid clade endemic to BCS. Combining amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting, plastid DNA sequences and morphometrics, we inferred the phylogeography of the group and evaluated the species’ current taxonomic circumscriptions. Based on morphometric and AFLP data we propose a new circumscription for C. fragilis to additionally comprise a group of populations with intermediate morphological characters previously included in C. aequitriloba. Consequently, we suggest to change the IUCN category of C. fragilis from critically endangered (CR) to near threatened (NT). Both morphology and AFLP data support the current taxonomy of the single island endemics C. hepaticifolia and C. muelleri. The four species had a common origin in Corsica-Sardinia, and two long-distance dispersal events to the Balearic Islands were inferred. Finally, plastid DNA data suggest that interspecific gene flow took place where two species co-occur.
Peroxydisulfate/oxygen system-based electrochemiluminescent immunosensing of Hg2+ using Pt/Pd nanodendrites-thiosemicarbazide/norfloxacin as a signal enhancer
Authors: Wang Chao , Tang Qinghui , Zhao Kang , Deng Anping , Li Jianguo
Published: December 2018

Herein, we described a competitive-type ECL strategy for Hg2+ detection based on S2O82−/O2 system by using Pt/Pd nanodendrites-thiosemicarbazide/norfloxacin covered gold nanoparticles (Pt/Pd-TNG50) as signal enhancer.
Platelet-like particles dynamically stiffen fibrin matrices and improve wound healing outcomes
Authors: Nandi Seema , Sproul Erin P. , Nellenbach Kimberly , Erb Mary , Gaffney Lewis , Freytes Donald O. , Brown Ashley C.
Published: December 2018

PLPs increase fibrin stiffness, promote cell migration, and improve healing outcomes.
Toward reducing biomaterial antigenic potential: a miniaturized Fc-binding domain for local deposition of antibodies
Authors: Pham Ngoc B. , Liu Wen , Schueller Nathan R. , Gawalt Ellen S. , Fan Yong , Meng Wilson S.
Published: December 2018

A novel bi-functional peptide consisting of an Fc-binding domain and self-assembly sequence is shown to retain IgGin vivo.
Pyrrolizidines for direct air capture and CO2 conversion
Authors: Hanusch Jan M. , Kerschgens Isabel P. , Huber Florian , Neuburger Markus , Gademann Karl
Published: December 2018

Scorpion-like designer amines enable fast, reversible, and efficient CO2 uptake from air.
B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed redox-neutral β-alkylation of tertiary amines using p-quinone methides via borrowing hydrogen
Authors: Li Rui , Chen Yong , Jiang Kun , Wang Feiyi , Lu Cuifen , Nie Junqi , Chen Zuxing , Yang Guichun , Chen Ying-Chun , Zhao Yu , Ma Chao
Published: December 2018

A transition metal-free intermolecular redox-neutral β-alkylation of acyclic tertiary amines via borrowing hydrogen catalyzed by commercially available B(C6F5)3 was achieved.
Enzyme-like substrate-selectivity in C–H oxidation enabled by recognition
Authors: Olivo Giorgio , Capocasa Giorgio , Lanzalunga Osvaldo , Di Stefano Stefano , Costas Miquel
Published: December 2018

Substrate-selective C–H oxidation: supramolecular recognition enhances the reactivity of the bound substrate and enables its substrate-selective hydroxylation.
EDTA-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of cubic SrF2particles and their catalytic performance for the pyrolysis of 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane to vinylidene fluoride
Authors: Wang Zhikun , Han Wenfeng , Liu Huazhang
Published: December 2018

Uniform, free-standing and cubic SrF2microparticles were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method with EDTA as the chelating agent.
Synthesis of hydrous cobalt phosphate electro-catalysts by a facile hydrothermal method for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction: effect of urea variation
Authors: Katkar Pranav K. , Marje Supriya J. , Kale Shital B. , Lokhande Abhishek C. , Lokhande Chandrakant D. , Patil Umakant M.
Published: December 2018

Highly active hydrous cobalt phosphate thin film electro-catalysts were synthesized by one-pot hydrothermal method and were evaluated for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
The PO13 crystal structure of ROY
Authors: Gushurst Karen S. , Nyman Jonas , Boerrigter Stephan X. M.
Published: December 2018

A novel pumpkin-orange polymorph of ROY was matched to a predicted structure and refined to PXRD data.
Urban sources of synthetic musk compounds to the environment
Authors: Wong Fiona , Robson Matthew , Melymuk Lisa , Shunthirasingham Chubashini , Alexandrou Nick , Shoeib Mahiba , Luk Edmund , Helm Paul , Diamond Miriam L. , Hung Hayley
Published: December 2018

Synthetic musk compounds found in ambient air and surface tributary waters may due to emissions from indoor air and release from wastewater treatment plant.
Synthesis and degradation of branched, photo-labile poly(acrylic acid) and polystyrene
Authors: Eckardt O. , Seupel S. , Festag G. , Gottschaldt M. , Schacher F. H.
Published: December 2018

We present the synthesis, characterization and photolytical degradation of branched photo-responsive poly(acrylic acid) and polystyrene using free radical polymerization of acrylic acid/styrene in the presence of a newly synthesized asymmetric o-nitrobenzyl-based crosslinker and different amounts of dodecanethiol (DDT) as a chain transfer agent.
Versatile cross-linked fatty acid-based polycarbonate networks obtained by thiol–ene coupling reaction
Authors: Durand Pierre-Luc , Chollet Guillaume , Grau Etienne , Cramail Henri
Published: December 2018

Bio-sourced polycarbonate networks have been synthesized from an alkene-functional fatty-acid based polycarbonate precursor.
Improvement of high-glucose and insulin resistance of chromium malate in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity signaling pathways and its mechanism
Authors: Feng Weiwei , Liu Yongchao , Fei Fan , Chen Yao , Ding Yangyang , Yan Mengjiao , Feng Yun , Zhao Ting , Mao Guanghua , Yang Liuqing , Wu Xiangyang
Published: December 2018

Chromium malate could increase the related protein and mRNA levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with insulin resistant. Pretreatment with the inhibitor completely/partially inhibited the GLUT-4 and Irs-1 proteins and mRNA expression compared to model group.
The regeneration of Fe-EDTA denitration solutions by nanoscale zero-valent iron
Authors: Jiang Wei , Wang Xiaolong , Xu Qiang , Xiao Jianbai , Wei Xionghui
Published: December 2018

NZVI is very effective for the regeneration of the inactive Fe chelate solution in the NO absorption process.
Bifunctional cleavable probes for in situ multiplexed glycan detection and imaging using mass spectrometry
Authors: Ma Wen , Xu Shuting , Nie Honggang , Hu Bingyang , Bai Yu , Liu Huwei
Published: December 2018

In situ multiplexed detection and imaging of glycans is of great significance since they mediate a range of biological activities.
A 3D flower-like VO2/MXene hybrid architecture with superior anode performance for sodium ion batteries
Authors: Wu Feng , Jiang Ying , Ye Zhengqing , Huang Yongxin , Wang Ziheng , Li Shuaijie , Mei Yang , Xie Man , Li Li , Chen Renjie
Published: December 2018

The three-dimensional flower-like VO2/MXene hybrid architectures exhibit exceptional cycle stability and rate performance for sodium ion battery anodes.
NIR-triggered release of DOX from sophorolipid-coated mesoporous carbon nanoparticles with the phase-change material 1-tetradecanol to treat MCF-7/ADR cells
Authors: Hussain Abid , Guo Shengrong
Published: December 2018

To prevent premature drug release from nanoparticles, it is vital to design and prepare controlled and site-specific drug release systems.
A solvent-free and vacuum-free melt-processing method to fabricate organic semiconducting layers with large crystal size for organic electronic applications
Authors: Ribierre Jean-Charles , Li Zhao , Liu Xiao , Lacaze Emmanuelle , Heinrich Benoît , Méry Stephane , Sleczkowski Piotr , Xiao Yiming , Lafolet Frédéric , Hashizume Daisuke , Aoyama Tetsuya , Uchiyama Masanobu , Wu Jeong Weon , Zaborova Elena , Fages Frédéric , D’Aléo Anthony , Mathevet Fabrice , Adachi Chihaya
Published: December 2018

We report on an improved melt-processing method to prepare organic semiconducting layers with large crystal size.
Effect of drug-loaded microbubbles combined with ultrasound on the apoptosis of cancer cells and the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model
Authors: Chen Kun , Zhang Liang
Published: December 2018

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the use of drug-loaded microbubbles combined with ultrasound promotes the apoptosis of cancer cells by regulating B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) expression. Adriamycin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (ADM-NP) were fabricated using a modified emulsification process. Lipid microbubbles (NH2-MB) were prepared by mechanical vibration. The carboxyl groups of ADM-NP and NH2-MB underwent a condensation reaction after 48 h, and adriamycin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles microbubble complexes (ADM-NMC) were obtained. High-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated that the entrapment efficiency and drug loading of ADM-NMC were 85.32 ± 5.41% and 7.91 ± 0.27%, respectively. The VX2 liver cancer model was established in 30 New Zealand rabbits, which were subsequently divided into three groups (n=10): a control group that received 5 ml of saline, an ADM-NP group that received 5 ml of ADM-NP and an ADM-NMC group that received 5 ml of ADM-NMC. Rabbits in the ADM-NP and ADM-NMC groups underwent irradiation 120 s with low frequency ultrasound (1 MHz, 0.5 W/cm2) for 120 s following injection. The echogenicity of tumors markedly increased following ADM-NP and ADM-NMC treatment. Staining with hematoxylin and eosin demonstrated that the tumor shape became more normal in the ADM-NP and ADM-NMC groups compared with the control group. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting determined that the expression of Bax increased and the expression of Bcl-2 decreased following treatment with ADM-NP and ADM-NMC. Cancer cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and it was determined that apoptosis significantly increased following treatment with ADM-NP and ADM-NMC (P<0.01). Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the use of drug-loaded microbubbles combined with ultrasound may enhance the efficiency of tumor inhibition. This may be due to the promotion of cancer cell apoptosis via regulation of Bax and Bcl-2 expression.
Melatonin attenuates acute kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats by activation of the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Shi Si , Lei Shaoqing , Tang Chaoliang , Wang Kai , Xia Zhongyuan
Published: December 2018

Background and aims: Diabetic kidney is more sensitive to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which is associated with increased oxidative stress and impaired nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling. Melatonin, a hormone that is secreted with the rhythm of the light/dark cycle, has antioxidative effects in reducing acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the molecular mechanism of melatonin protection against kidney I/R injury in the state of diabetes is still unknown. In the present study, we hypothesized that melatonin attenuates renal I/R injury in diabetes by activating silent information regulator 2 associated protein 1 (SIRT1) expression and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Methods: Control or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Type 1 diabetic rats were treated with or without melatonin for 4 weeks. Renal I/R injury was achieved by clamping both left and right renal pedicles for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 48 h. Results: Diabetic rats that were treated with melatonin undergoing I/R injury prevented renal injury from I/R, in aspects of the histopathological score, cell apoptosis, and oxidative stress in kidney, accompanied with decreased expressions of SIRT1, Nrf2, and HO-1 as compared with those in control rats. All these alterations were attenuated or prevented by melatonin treatment; but these beneficial effects of melatonin were abolished by selective inhibition of SIRT1 with EX527. Conclusion: These findings suggest melatonin could attenuate renal I/R injury in diabetes, possibly through improving SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
Association among cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene, rs231775 polymorphism, and recurrent pregnancy loss risk
Authors: Song Yonghui , Chen Ying , Xu Qian
Published: December 2018

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is expressed constitutively on regulatory T cells. So far, several studies have focused on association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). However, above association between the CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and RPL susceptibility is uncertain. Therefore, we performed a timely meta-analysis of all current publications to clarify this relationship. We located articles from the PubMed and Chinese language (WanFang) databases that were published up until July 25, 2018. Finally, we obtained six case–control studies, containing 2405 total cases and 2607 total controls, based on search criteria for abortion susceptibility related to the CTLA-4 +49 G/A polymorphism. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) revealed association strengths. There was significantly decreased association between this polymorphism and whole population risk (e.g. AA vs. GG: OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.38–0.81, P=0.002). Additionally, in ethnicity subgroups, similar association was found both in China (e.g. AA vs. GG: OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.39–0.63, P=0.002) and non-China (e.g. AG vs. GG: OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.34–0.63, P<0.001). Current analysis suggested CTLA-4 +49 G/A polymorphism may weakly decrease RPL risk for women of childbearing age.
Unusual relatives of the multisubunit RNA polymerase
Authors: Forrest David
Published: December 2018

Transcription, the first step of gene expression, is accomplished in all domains of life by the multisubunit RNA polymerase (msRNAP). Accordingly, the msRNAP is an ancient enzyme that is ubiquitous across all cellular organisms. Conserved in absolutely all msRNAPs is the catalytic magnesium-binding aspartate triad and the structural fold it is present on, the double ψ β barrel (DPBB). In-depth bioinformatics has begun to reveal a wealth of unusual proteins distantly related to msRNAP, identified due to their possession of the aspartate triad and DPBB folds. Three examples of these novel RNAPs are YonO of the Bacillus subtilis SPβ prophage, non-virion RNAP (nvRNAP) of the B. subtilis AR9 bacteriophage and ORF6 RNAP of the Kluyveromyces lactis cytoplasmic killer system. While YonO and AR9 nvRNAP are both bacteriophage enzymes, they drastically contrast. YonO is an incredibly minimal single-subunit RNAP, while AR9 nvRNAP is multisubunit bearing much more resemblance to the canonical msRNAP. ORF6 RNAP is an intermediate, given it is a single-subunit enzyme with substantial conservation with the msRNAP. Recent findings have begun to shed light on these polymerases, which have the potential to update our understanding of the mechanisms used for transcription and give new insights into the canonical msRNAP and its evolution. This mini-review serves to introduce and outline our current understanding of these three examples of novel, unusual RNAPs.
Beneficial effects of spermidine on cardiovascular health and longevity suggest a cell type-specific import of polyamines by cardiomyocytes
Authors: Nilsson Bengt-Olof , Persson Lo
Published: December 2018

Recent and exciting in vivo studies show that supplementation with the polyamine spermidine (Spd) is cardioprotective and prolongs lifespan in both mice and humans. The mechanisms behind Spd-induced cardioprotection are supposed to involve Spd-evoked stimulation of autophagy, mitophagy and mitochondrial respiration and improved the mechano-elastical function of cardiomyocytes. Although cellular uptake of Spd was not characterized, these results suggest that Spd is imported by the cardiomyocytes and acts intracellularly. In the light of these new and thrilling data, we discuss in the present review cellular polyamine import with a special focus on mechanisms that may be relevant for Spd uptake by electrically excitable cells such as cardiomyocytes.
Open access, open data, FAIR Data and their implications for life sciences researchers
Authors: Murphy Fiona
Published: December 2018

For a range of reasons, such as technological innovations, funder attention, and the critical importance of reproducibility in its practices, the life sciences have often been at the forefront of new research ecosystem developments. This is in contrast with the majority of individual researchers who have, to date, not actively engaged with these shifts. However, many life scientists are now having to become knowledgeable about emerging publication outlets, funder policies, ethical issues, and career incentives. This review articulates many these challenges and also begins to outline the cultural and reward system changes that will be required to embed them. It also provides references, further reading and concludes with some recommended next steps with which to navigate the transforming landscape.
Analytical modelling of point‐to‐point CCC‐HVDC revisited
Authors: Kaur Jagdeep , Ray Chaudhuri Nilanjan
Published: December 2018

Weak AC grids are incapable of providing the reactive power needed by the line‐commutated converter (LCC) converters to maintain an acceptable system voltage, which leads to several operational challenges. Although voltage source converter‐high‐voltage DC (HVDC) can solve these issues, its power rating has not matched that of the LCC technology as yet. The available alternative is the capacitor‐commutated converter (CCC) technology, which is currently in operation using back‐to‐back configuration. In order to explore the capability of this technology for long‐distance transmission, this study proposes a comprehensive non‐linear state‐space averaged phasor model of CCC‐HVDC connected to weak grids on both sides of HVDC. To that end, the analytical model of CCC is revisited and the need of including the capacitor dynamics and the contribution of unbalanced capacitor voltages to get a closer match with the detailed switched model is investigated. The proposed model is used to present the root‐cause analysis of the dynamic performance and quantify the interaction of various states in the system with different modes, which is not possible through a detailed switched model.
Thermoelectric application in energy conservation
Authors: Muhamad Zuhud Andrya , Mochammad Facta , Widayat Widayat
Published: December 2018

In the becoming years, energy demand is expected to grow faster than current needs. Thermoelectric technology works through conversion process from heat energy into electricity directly and vice versa. Thermoelectric device that use for energy conversion from heat into electrical is known as thermoelectric generator (TEG). TEG is made of Bismuth Telluride, Lead Telluride and Silicon Germanium compound which contains figure of merit (ZT). In term of applications, TEG is possible to be applied in extreme condition such as a power supply in the space mission, harvesting heat from transportation vehicle, and getting waste heat from industrial sector. Furthermore thermoelectric generation is possible also to be applied as a micro power generation system which is very useful for electrical source for residential installation. In this paper, a brief review of above applications is presented. Early developed research investigation is carried out for application of thermoelectric generator in residential installation by using biomass wooden-fuel stove. The early result shows that there are amount of heat emitted from the side cylinder cook stove as energy waste. There is a chance and possibility to harvest energy waste in the stove to become electric source and finally this related research effort will increase the efficiency of the electric stove in energy conversion.
Design Of Battery Charge Control System On Hybrid Power Plants
Authors: Waremra Richard Semuel
Published: December 2018

Battery charge control system has been built on hybrid power plants. The source of voltage comes from horizontal-axis windmill with 500 Watt power, Monocrystalline solar cell with 200 WP for charging 12 Volt 35 AH. The aim of this research is to optimize battery charging process using potential energy sources from wind and solar. Control system on hybrid power plant is done by adjusting the amount of voltage or electric current based on the need of the battery charging. The making of the control system uses several software and hardware. Some of the main components used are ATMega 16 micro-controller and voltage censor. The control system that has been made is tested by monitoring the voltage and current during the control process. The test result shows that the control system that has been made is able to work properly in controlling the input voltage from the source and charger voltage on the battery.
Comparison of Household and Communal Biogas Digester Performance to Treat Kitchen Waste, Case Study: Bandung City, Indonesia
Authors: Rianawati Elisabeth , Damanhuri Enri , Handajani Marisa , Padmi Tri
Published: December 2018

Bandung City is one of the big cities in Indonesia that grappled with waste problem. There is 1,500 ton of waste produced daily, of which 65% is organic. In addition, the water content of the waste could reach 80% during rainy season, given that the waste is commonly collected in open space before transported to the final disposal area. In order to tackle this issue, the municipality of Bandung has started to implement anaerobic digesters to treat kitchen waste since 2013 in an attempt to reduce organic waste. There are three scales of bio-digesters that have been implemented: city 2 ton, communal (20-1000 kg) and household scale (20 kg), which comprise of 1 unit, 15 units and 100 units respectively. This study evaluate the efficiency and biogas productivity of each bio-digesters type. We analyzed 30 unit and 14 unit of household and communal biodigesters respectively. The waste input, slurry output and biogas production were estimated based on average of daily basis. Both the input and output of the biodigesters were characterized (TS, VS, COD) to gain further understanding. This study provide facts and figures to improve the further implementation of household bio-digesters in Bandung City.
The Coastal Community Development Project (CCDP) Environmentally Sustainable Empowerment Model in District Merauke
Authors: Tjilen Alexander Phuk , Ririhena Samel W. , jalal Nur , Antonio Leo , Teturan Yohanis E. , Jeujanan Welhelmina
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to explain 1. How is the process of empowering coastal communities in utilizing the funds of the Government of Indonesia and the International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD) in District Merauke; 2. To get a model that can explain factor factors that influence the implementation of coastal community empowerment that is environmentally sustainable and sustainable. The method used in this research is a qualitative research. Research is undertaken by direct observation, literature observation, data collection, interviews, and FDG with parties or agencies that have been involved with the Coastal Community Development Project (CCDP), such as the Marine and Fisheries Service of District Merauke, and the District Merauke fishery community. The result of this research: 1) The model of economic empowerment of coastal communities has encouraged people to use environmentally friendly and sustainable fishing gear. 2) The main factors affecting the successful implementation of coastal community empowerment include: (a) Resource, (b) ability, community, (d) commitment, (e) market (market) f) innovation (innovation) and (g) Participation (participatory).
Study of Social Vulnerability of Climate Change at the Mountain Ecosystem
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Rifqi , Sugianto Denny Nugroho
Published: December 2018

Climate change is a global phenomenon, where the impact will be experienced by all parts of the world. One of the areas studied was Indonesia. Climate change in Indonesia has the direct and indirect effect on aspects of human life. Climate change can cause ecosystem disturbances. One of which is a mountainous ecosystem on Mount Rinjani, Lombok Island. The mountain ecosystem is very similar to the climate in Indonesia, this will have a special impact on the agricultural sectors. Therefore it is necessary to know the level in their environment. This paper will discuss social measurement parameters and their impact on climate in mountain ecosystems. The main factors are ecosystems (control environment, settlement patterns), ecology (forest cover, cliff conditions) and economy (livelihood & income / natural resources).
Relation of Social Capital to Women’s Proactive Participation in the Community for Sustainability of River in Urban Areas
Authors: Asteria Donna , Halimatussadiah Alin , Budidarmono  , Utari Dyah , Dwi Handayani Retty
Published: December 2018

The aims of this paper to identify a relationship of social capital with the participation of women in their community to realize the sustainablity of rive in urban areas and to achieve resilience of the city. Efforts to increase women’s participation in urban planning and environmental management require the support of social capital in local contexts to achieve sustainability of river in urban areas. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach, with this type of research is descriptive-explanatory. Data collection techniques in this study by conducting surveys with questionnaire disseminating and literature study. The research location was undertaken in DKI Jakarta as the metropolitan city has the complexity of problems because of the density of citizens and environmental degradation, especially in the river area. The result of this study shows the social capital of the community has a relation to the proactive participation of women. The activity of capacity building for women for environmental management need to strengthen the values of togetherness and trust to actors who are the drivers of citizens and the implementers of community empowerment. The implication of this study can be used for strategy in protecting of the river in urban areas to adopting a more environmentally friendly approach by integrating gender equality.
Analysis of Effect of Vegetation Change on Surface Temperature in Umbulharjo Village Area, Sleman Regency Using Geographic Information System
Authors: Hadi Saiful , Prasetyo Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko
Published: December 2018

Global Warming has increased the temperature across the hemisphere, with different sizes between regions. Land clearing for building construction is increasing in Umbulharjo Village. Plus the activity of some residents mine sand in the yard. These activities accelerate the change of vegetation cover in Umbulharjo village. Changes in vegetation cover and global warming are suspected to increase temperatures in Umbulharjo village. On the other side of Umbulharjo Village is famous for its cow’s milk production. Cow’s milk is produced from dairy cows that have susceptibility to temperature changes. This study attempts to analyze changes in vegetation cover and temperature changes in Umbulharjo Village using Geographic Information System method.
Earthquake Capacity Assessment Based on Geospatial Model At North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Kusdiah Gemeliarini I Gusti Ayu , Helmi Muhammad
Published: December 2018

Environmental management related to seismic activities should be given attention, especially in Indonesia. One of the areas in Indonesia that has an active volcano is the Lombok island, namely Rinjani Mount. According to the center of Volcanology and Disaster Mitigation Bandung, Rinjani Mount still wary status. Losses incurred from a disaster caused by the low human capacity in the region is.Thus it is necessary to know which areas have high, medium and low capacity. So that the community capacity can be optimized, especially in areas with low capacity of the community. The method of this research is to determine the capacity indicator that is used in determining the capacity level of society to earthquake. Create a thematic map for each indicator, then overlay for each indicator that has been given weight according to the level of influence.
Mapping the Water Usage Behaviour of Presto Milkfish Processing Industries in Semarang City
Authors: Susanto Novie , Putranto Thomas Triadi , Prastawa Heru
Published: December 2018

Water is one of the natural resources that play an important role in the field of industry. Milkfish fish processing industries is leading commodity of Semarang City that roles as important stakeholder related to both groundwater and PDAM consumer. The demand of clean water supply quite a lot. This have impact on the utilization of groundwater as the main raw material or auxiliary materials in the production process with considerable capacity such as fish washing process, flavoring, steaming process on peresto equipment and cleaning equipment. They should be studied the ecological behavior related to water condition. This study aims to map milkfish processing process based on water use by distinguishing traditional and modern processing systems. The research method used is field work and water footprint. The number of respondents in this research is 5 milkfish processing industries in Semarang City. Research is conducted by analyzing the processing and water needs for each stage of the process. The results showed that water use amounted to 59-149 litters with the most use in cleaning equipment process. Production capacity of processing industry varies from 10-100 kg. The results are used as redesign material of the process to optimize water use in industry.
Spatial Planning Based on Carrying Capacity: Study of Sustainable Coastal Area Management
Authors: Faisal Alwini Adil , Sari Hasibuan Hayati , Hendro Koestoer Raldi
Published: December 2018

The rapid development of industrial sectors, tourism, transportation, and ports, along with human settlement in coastal areas, leading to the deterioration of its environmental qualities. Hence, it requires a plan that able to balance between the development and the environmental conservation of the coastal area to achieve its sustainability, which is to consider the coastal carrying capacity. The purpose of this study is to create an alternative for spatial planning based on the carrying capacity for the space utilization for the sustainability of the coastal area. This study conducted using geographic information system (GIS) based on the land use data in 2008, 2012, and 2017 in the coastal area at Serang Regency, Indonesia. Based on the data, the significant changes shown in the industrial sector, seen from 17% in 2008 to 40% in 2017. The rapid development arises some problems that lead to environmental stress, such as the increase of industrial waste, a reclamation that potentially changes the land structure, as well as the seawater contamination in groundwater. Therefore, best alternative planning is to promote the development of natural tourism by utilizing the existing potential and at the same time conserving the environment quality.
Environmental Quality of Shrimp Ponds in The Coastal Region Of Brebes Regency
Authors: Bayuaji Giri , Damayanti Astrid , Handayani Tuty
Published: December 2018

The largest utilization of coastal areas in Brebes Regency is the shrimp farming ponds. Shrimp volume statistics until 2016 showed that shrimp production in Brebes tends to decrease. The decrease in shrimp production can be caused by disruption in the environmental quality from the surrounding activities. This study aims to analyze the causes of declining production based on the quality of the physical environment of shrimp ponds. The variables used are water quality values (Ph, Tds / Ec, and salino), vegetation values of ponds, and waste disposal values around ponds <1000m, 1000-2000m,> 2000m. The data used is a Quick Bird image as of 2015 to determine the area of shrimp ponds and results of field survey in February 2018 for water quality sampling and observation. The analytical method that is used is scoring and weighting. The grades of pond environment quality that are produced are Poor; Good; and Well. The results show that the subdistricts of Brebes and Wanasari have well environmental quality; Tanjung has good environmental quality; and environmental value of Bulakamba and Losari subdistricts have poor environmental quality. Environmental quality is strongly influenced by industrial activities, onion farming activities, and settlements. This environmental quality study can be utilized for the management of sustainable shrimp farming.
Implementation Of The Urban Forest Canopy Concept In Urban Forest Park Design, As An Effort To Rehabilitate Post-Mining Land Of Pt. Bukit Asam, Muara Enim, South Sumatera
Authors: Andriani Kiki , Nurini  , Kurniati Rina
Published: December 2018

Mining industry activity has a positive and negative impacts on life.The positive impacts of the mine are to meet the needs of industry, energy and other things that are important to life. However, on the other hand, mining activities will lead to land degradation. The mining site needs major attention due to environmental damage caused. In addition to causing erosion and sedimentation, mining activities can lead to increase of heavy metal content in soils potentially entering the aquatic environment, decreasing the quantity and quality of water. Therefore, a repair or rehabilitation effort on post mining land is needed so as not to cause sustained damage.

PT Bukit Asam in Muara Enim regency is one of the largest mining and mineral resource company in Indonesia. Recovery of land in PTBA is done by utilizing ex-mining land as urban forest as well as to increase recreation facilities in Muara Enim community.

This study uses a data collection technique including field observations, interviews, documents review, narratives and questionnaires. The analysis used in the study include the analysis of natural physical conditions, users, activities and space requirements, site analysis, infrastructure analysis and Urban Forest Canopy Concepts. The results of this study are Urban Forest Park designs by applying Urban Forest Canopy Concepts.
Natural Dyes Product Design Using Green Quality Function Deployment II Method To Support Batik Sustainable Production
Authors: Ika Rinawati Dyah , Puspita Sari Diana , Pujotomo Darminto , Handayani Kasih Puji
Published: December 2018

Using synthetic dyes causes bad impact on the environment. But using natural dyes has several problems such as fade, slight colour variations and takes longer time. In order to solve that problems, it is needed to develop instant natural dyes. This study aims to design instant natural dyes to fulfill needs of batik artisans that having minimal environmental impact as well as having minimal cost. This study use green quality function deployment II method. This study involve voice of customer identification, calculation gap, the determination of characteristic of technical, making the house of quality (HOQ), life cycle assessment (formulation of green house & green the matrix), life cycle cost (formulation of cost house, the preparation of cost the matrix) and concept comparison house (CCH). Based on voice of customer, natural dyes that will be developed is red colour. Red natural dyes extracted from root ofMorinda citrifoliaandCeriops candolleana. In this research, there are two alternatives of natural dyes namely powders and liquid natural dyes. The result of this study is powder natural dyes selected because of lower environmental impact and user operational cost.
Analysis of Tourism Environment Carrying Capacity in Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism BKPH Boja KPH Kendal
Authors: Suwarno Eko , Widjaya Holi Bina
Published: December 2018

The number of tourists who visit Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism have been increased. By the increasing of tourists number will increase tourism activities so it will not be easy to manage it. It relates to realize the balance between tourism activities with environmental sustainability because with the increase will cause environmental damage. Therefore, to reduce the negative impacts, especially environmental biophysical conditions, it is necessary to conduct research on the carrying capacity analysis of the tourist environment in Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism, which is linked to the maximum amount of visitors received in the area influenced by environmental biophysical aspects and management capacity. The method used refers to the Cifuentes formula (1992) which consists of Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC), Real Carrying Capacity (RCC) and Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC). Data collection was done by field observation / survey, literature study, questionnaire and limited interview. The carrying capacity analysis result of tourist environment in Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism shows the PCC value is amount 3,930 visitors / day; RCC value is 276 visitors / day and ECC value is 184 visitors / day. This value when compared with the actual average number of current visitors is 37 visitors / day, is immobile far under the value of the effective carrying capacity analysis results. Founded on the effective carrying capacity value, the growth of Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism can still be done by optimalization of the visitors number by 79.89% in accordance with the effective carrying capacity so the environmental conditions are stay awaked with the tourism activities in the location.
The Diversity And Classification Of Intraspecies Of Gembolo (Dioscorea Bulbifera L.) Based On Morphological Character
Authors: Prasetia Andri , Purnomo  , Setiadi Budi
Published: December 2018

Gembolo (Dioscorea bulbifera L.) is a dioecious, annual, herbaceous, climbing plants and has heart-shaped leaves. Gembolo has aerial tubers (bulbil) and main tuber that has irregular shapes, as well as many rough roots at the base of the stem. The purpose of this research is to know the phenetic relationship of the germplasm of Gembolo in Special Region of Yogyakarta based on morphological character. The results of this study are expected to provide information on intraspecies diversity, phenetic relationship and Gembolo distribution. Gembolo plant samples were taken from D.I Yogyakarta. The sample was observed based on the difference of morphological character, so the number of accessions obtained from D.I Yogyakarta could be determined. Morphological characters would be described and characterized to determine the Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU’s). Based on morphological character data, then the grouping analysis was done by grouping analysis method and the dendrogram was formed by the method of Unweighted Pair Group Methods using Arithmetic averages (UPGMA) using Multivariate Statistical Program (MVSP) software version 3.1pc. The results showed that gembolo had morphological variation in tuber shape, stem color, leaf shape, leaf base shape and leaf tip shape. Based on the morphological characters, 2 main groups with the value of similarity index of 62,8% was formed. Group I consisted of four accessions with a similarity value of 85%. Group II consisted of eight accessions with a similarity value of 75%. A high similarity based on the morphological character on gembolo accession caused the gembolo plants in Special Region of Yogyakarta did not vary.
Circulation of Leachate Organic Solid Waste in Fixed Bed Reactor with Pressure Swing Absorption Technology
Authors: Etih Hartati , Ikrima Nurul Amaliyah , Salafudin
Published: December 2018

Treatment of solid waste that can be applied to reduce solid waste into the landfill is the treatment of organic solid waste into a biogas. The largest component of biogas is CH4 and CO2 Alternative organic solid waste treatment is anaerobic digestion, besides reducing waste, this process can also produce renewable fuels. This research processed the leachate organic solid waste from Itenas cafetaria using fixed bed reactor. Volume reactor 180 liters with sponge filter media. An increase the concentration gas CH4 conducted using pressure swing absorption technology with pressure 1 bar on the reactor metanogen and -0,01 bar on stripper. Variation circulation a substrate for 0,30, 0,32, and 0,33 circulation per hour. Parameter measured are COD, TVA, pH, temperature, alkalinitas, and CO2, CH4. The result of this research obtained gas CH4 highest concentration of 90 % in a gas holder metanogen, and the highest CO2 24,36 % in a gas holder stripper on volumetric 0,33 circulation/hours.