bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Correlation between CD4 Count Cell and Opportunistic Infection among HIV/AIDS Patients
Authors: Jayani I , Susmiati  , EWinarti  , Sulistyawati W
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study is to know the correlation between CD4 count cell and opportunistic infection among HIV/AIDS patients. The design of this research is analytical observational by using Cross Sectional approach. The data are taken restrospectively based on medical record of the patients in Mardi Waluyo Hospital in Blitar from March to July 2018. The diagnosis is done by ELISA laboratory Checking. The number of sampling are 48 patients which is got by purposeful sampling technique. From 48 subjects of the research, there are 16 men and 32 women. The result of this study reveals that CD4 count cell of HIV/AIDS patients is 165.27 cell/mm3 in average. The lowest CD4 count cell is 25 cell/mm3 and the highest of CD4 cell count is 450 sel/mm3. The patients of HIV/AIDS who get opportunistic infection is 68.8%, and those who have not opportunistic infection is 31.2%. The analysis using spearman-rho shows that there is correlation between CD4 count cell and opportunistic infection with p=0.00 with strong correlation (r=0.732). It is hoped that the result of this study can be a new literature, and can be discussed about add value of CD4 count cell in managing of HIV patients who get infection, so it can be managed opportunistic infection early.
Designing a Diabetes Mellitus Detection Tool Using the Backpropagation Method
Authors: Alfita R , Rahmawati D , Nahari R V , Iskandar D
Published: July 2020

Technological advances in the field of medical electronics are developing very rapidly; one of the positive effects of advances in electronic technology in the world of health is the detection of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with urine odor which based on microcontrollers with Backpropagation artificial neural network methods. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by high levels of sugar (Glucose), and is caused by the inability of pancreas to produce insulin. The detection of diabetes mellitus in this study used gas sensors of TGS 2602, TGS 2610 and TGS 813. Results of the study showed several sensor values; 120-290 for TGS 2610, 120-290 for TGS 813, and 100-170 for TGS 2610. The undertaken artificial neural network method was able to identify two urine samples, of which each sample was tested and conducted a training test with success rate results of 75%.
Digital Filter Design for Classifying Coconut Ages using Blackman FIR and Elliptic IIR Filters
Authors: Rahmawati Diana , Haryanto  , Sakariya Fahrus , Setiawan Heri
Published: July 2020

Tapping a coconut fruit is one of conventional ways that requires specialty in determining the ages of the fruit. The frequency of these taps can be used as a reference to determine the ages of coconut. This study aims to make an automatic device to determine coconut ages using digital filter based on the tapping frequency. The filter could screen the received signals in order to produce clear tapping sounds, or without noises. Two filter types namely Blackman Finite Impulse Response (FIR) and Elliptic Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) were used to reveal the filter’s length and order. MATLAB software was used in the filter testing to compare the responses of the two filters used. Results depicted that Elliptical IIR was better that Blackman FIR, of which the Elliptical IIR produced less noises and better frequency responses.
Content Based Image Retrieval Using Two Color Feature Extraction
Authors: Mufarroha F A , Anamisa D R , Hapsani A G
Published: July 2020

Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is a process to search for an image based on the content or features that are inside. Nowadays, many image retrieval applications have been made to meet the needs, so this application can provide convenience in terms of the introduction and search for an image. In this research, we used 10 different objects as image retrieval consists of Bicycle, Cow, Flower, Frangipani, Grape, Horse, Lovebird, Orange, Strawberry, Tree. These objects can be expressed in 10 classes. Our aim using these objects is viewed from the color of every object and the object of a different kind. From that point of view we built a CBIR system by utilizing the main features of the object (image). The main feature is the color feature. In this research, the main process is the extraction of color features with the color histogram and color moments. So in this research it will produce feature extraction by measuring the similarity in the library image. This measurement is done by calculating the closest distance using the euclidean distance method. The data library used in this research is 10 pieces of data, the test data is 50 pieces with 5 pieces for each of these classes. After testing using data and methods described above, the results of accuracy are obtained that the application of the color moments method gets better results than the color histogram method.
Design and Control a High Gain Synchronous Buck Converter for a Solid State Distribution Transformer
Authors: Satiawan I N W , Citarsa I B F , Suksmadana I M B
Published: July 2020

A Conventional distribution transformer consists of bulky windings, cores and coolant liquid hence it is weighty and large in size. Now days, supporting by development of power semiconductor devices, the idea to develop distribution transformers using switching power converter technology becomes viable. This paper proposed a new structure of a solid state transformer (SST) for power electrical distribution system. The proposed SST works without utilizes high frequency isolating transformer. Instead, high gain cascaded Buck converters are used. The design of Buck Converters involves calculation of the applied components such as Inductors and Capacitors. Simulation result verifies that Buck Converters work well to reduce DC voltage of 25 kV DC voltage to 620 V DC without excessive ripple. The proposed SST is successfully operated to step down 20 KV of AC voltage to 400 V with THD of output voltage less than 2 %.
Design of function generator using arduino due 12 bit dac
Authors: Baskoro F , Sulistiyo E , Basuki I , Widodo A , Nurdiansyah A P
Published: July 2020

Most function generators are composed of analog components, which make the function generator have relatively large dimensions. With relatively large dimensions of the tool, making the tool is not easy to carry everywhere. To make the dimensions of the tool become easier to bring everywhere, the waves generated by the function generator are not made from analog circuits, but are made from digital data stored on the microcontroller and then converted to analog with DAC pins. The method of this research is experimental method. The first thing began with a literature study of the components needed and then continues with the making of system design to generate smaller function generator which can display 4 waves, waves that can be displayed are sine waves, squares, triangles, and sawtooths. The results of the study showed that the function generator was successfully made with smaller dimensions with 10 x 15 cm so that it was easier to carry everywhere and was able to produce sine, square, triangle and sawtooth waves with Vpp of 2.24 volts, Vmax of 2.72 volts, and frequency of 1 KHz.
Development of Programming Ability Test Application For Informatics Students
Authors: Nurdin S R , Prismana IGPE , Prehanto D R , Nuryana IKD
Published: July 2020

An ability that comes from within ourselves is often referred to as talent. Ignorance of talent will be very detrimental because it can cause discomfort in carrying out their work. One talent that cannot be separated from the development of technology is programming talent. This study aims to determine the ability of programming talent possessed by someone. The study was conducted with a case study of Informatics Engineering students at Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Through this research, an application will be produced to test the ability of student talents in the field of programming. The method used in this study is R & D (Research and Development) with 6 stages. Validation of the questions obtained 91.87% results and was declared very valid to be used as test material, while the overall product validation obtained results of 92.94% and in a very feasible range. There is a significant correlation between programming talent (test scores) with programming.
Design of Yagi-Uda Antenna for CDMA Modems at 800 MHz
Authors: Andika Adik Putra , Letsoin Vinsensius , Kaikatui Rapha Nichita , Mangera Paulus , Hardiantono Damis
Published: July 2020

Nowadays CDMA and GSM modem technology are still widely used by the community, especially in rural areas and small towns that are quite far from the BTS location. This paper designs the Yagi-Uda antenna for CDMA modems on the 800 MHz frequency. The number of elements used is 1 driven, 1 reflector and 16 directors. The antenna design simulation uses NEC-Win Pro 1.6 and Ansoft HFSS 13.0 software. Simulations using NEC-Win get VSWR values 1.59 and S11 -13 dB (uses Matlab). Next, the simulation using Ansoft HFSS obtained the results of VSWR 200000 and S11 -9 dB. The simulation results also show that antenna design already has a directional radiation pattern.
Estimation Analysis of Long-Term Electrical Energy Needs In PT. PLN (Persero) P2B REGION MERAUKE Area Using Linear Regression Method
Authors: Mangera P , Hardiantono D
Published: July 2020

Electrical energy is one of the important parts in the development of an area. The development of sustainable development and improvement in living standards can cause electricity consumption to continue to increase high, not least for Merauke Regency. In meeting the future electrical energy needs, it is necessary to prepare the development of the electrical system so that it is able to serve the demand for electrical energy needs in the future. One of the ways is to make predictions or estimates the electrical energy requirements.

The estimation of the need for electrical energy is needed to answer the high demand for electricity that continues to increase, so that we see the development of electricity consumption in Merauke Regency that is linear. The method used in this research is analyzing the calculation of electricity needs using the Linear Regression Method.

The estimation results of electrical energy needs in 2018 electrical energy needs amounted to 127,035,341 KWh, while in 2022 amounted to 17,139,908 KWh with an average increase per year of 8,747,989 KWh or 5.84%. From the calculation results, the household sector becomes the sector that has the highest electrical energy needs up to 2022 amounting to 114,294,938 KWh with an average percentage increase per year of 5.82%
Implementation of Energy Efficient Building Concepts In Design Office of Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayan Kabupaten Merauke
Authors: Octavia Sari , Raubaba Henry Soleman , Simorangkir Yosi Valentina
Published: July 2020

The building plays an important role in the use of energy in Indonesia. Most of the expenditure of energy in Indonesia is generated by a particular building electricity consumption by households and the commercial sector. electrical energy use in buildings mostly used to create an artificial climate such as air conditioning and lighting. The building was also partially responsible for greenhouse gas emissions and the use of raw materials that are manufactured to material such as sand, gravel and cement. Design Office of Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Merauke try to apply the concept of energy-efficient buildings. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of energy-efficient building concept in the design office Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Merauke. This research is qualitative research phases namely direct observation in the field, videotaped, and the study of literature. The results showed Building Design Office of Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Merauke try to apply the concept of energy-efficient building on the building design by way of setting the basic building coefficient, the orientation of the building, s / v ratio and wide openings made structures. But the use of materials, the use of concrete with sand brought in from outside the area is not considered environmentally friendly The results showed Building Design Office of Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Merauketry to apply the concept of energy-efficient building on the building design by way of setting the basic building coefficient, the orientation of the building, s / v ratio and wide openings made structures. But the use of materials, the use of concrete with sand brought in from outside the area is not considered environmentally friendly The results showed Building Design Office of Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Merauke try to apply the concept of energy-efficient building on the building design by way of setting the basic building coefficient, the orientation of the building, s / v ratio and wide openings made of building. But the use of materials, the use of concrete with sand brought in from outside the area is not considered environmentally friendly.
Combined Effects of Vertical Drain and Pre-loading to Reduce The Number Of Geotextile Reinforcement For Road Embankment Design
Authors: K Sari Putu Tantri , Wardani Mila K
Published: July 2020

The study of the behavior of embankments reinforced by geosynthetic construction on soft clay soil with and without a prefabricated vertical drain is described. The effect of a pre-loading with stage construction method to construct the embankment, the gain of bearing capacity, as well as the depth of compressible soil was also considered in this study. The limit equilibrium using Bishop and Fellenius methods was used in this study to determine the stability of the embankment. Vertical drain installation, combined with the stage construction method, substantially reduces the number of geotextile reinforcements needed. The number of geotextiles can be reduced by up to twice that compared with foundation soil without PVD. Furthermore, the combined use of geotextile and PVD can improve the performance of embankment height as well as increase the critical height of the embankment with geotextile reinforcements. Without PVD, the embankment will be safe against landslides (without geotextile) of less than 3.5 meters. When using PVD, the embankment critical height can increase by up to 7 meters. This condition occurs when the embankment is constructed using the stage construction method, geotextile reinforcement, as well as PVD installation for soil improvement.
Analysis of Accessibility to City Transport Performance Based on Passenger Perception with Case Study: Tambak Osowilangun Terminal Route
Authors: Widayanti F R , Supriyatno D
Published: July 2020

Large urban areas certainly require transportation facilities and infrastructure that reach all corners of the city administration area. Inequality in the number of passengers is unavoidable due to differences in accessibility of each region. One example of the imbalance in the number of passengers is very clearly seen in two large terminals serving Surabaya city routes, namely the Purabaya terminal and the Tambak Osowilangun terminal. This study aims to describe the effect of accessibility factors on the performance of urban transportation with the Osowilangun Pond Terminal route based on passenger perceptions. The method used in this study was a questionnaire survey with 120 respondents. The survey was conducted at the Osowilangun Pond Terminal as a lonely route location for passengers. The analysis shows that the indicator of the lack of public transportation modes that serve the route results in the lack of access to the Ososwilangun Pond Terminal and the impact on the lack of passengers going to the terminal.
Modern Tropical House: Elevating Traditional Tropical House on Thermal Building Performance Due To Environmental Issue
Authors: Nadiar F , Pattisinai A R
Published: July 2020

Traditional tropical architecture is built using local materials by applying passive design strategies to fix heat problems so the occupants feel comfortable and protected. Over the years, climate change causes rising temperatures and modernization causes the aesthetic element to become important in urban areas. Modern Tropical is a design trend that is now developing after the era of modern minimalist trends which not only tried to solve the heat problem but also the aesthetic problems of tropical architecture. This research aims to evaluate thermal performance in the modern tropical-style house in response to climate change and also how they adapt and modify traditional tropical architectural elements to improve their thermal performance by using the simulation method with the assistance of ECOTECT software. The results showed that houses that adapted and modified elements of traditional modern tropical homes up to 95%, showed better thermal performance. That house can provide thermal comfort for 7 hours and only 31% of percent dissatisfaction. Elements of roofs, openings, sun shading, and local material coatings on traditional architecture are elements that can be adapted and modified in modern architecture. So, tropical architecture no longer looks old fashioned but more stylish while responding to environmental issues.
Analysis of the Ratio of Coarse Aggregate to Porous Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Candra AI , Mudjanarko SW , Poernomo YCS , Vitasmoro P
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study is finding out the optimal use of coarse aggregates so as to obtain porous asphalt pavements that have high water absorption (porosity) but have a balance in stability and flexibilityThe porous asphalt mixture has a double water absorption (drainage system), which is on the surface that flows out of the shoulder of the road and permeates the pores or the porous asphalt mixture cavity itself.In this research study focused on finding out the optimal use of coarse aggregates so as to obtain porous asphalt pavements that have high water absorption (porosity). From the research, it is gotten the average results between the differences in the use of coarse aggregate diameter and Marshall volumetric characteristics indicate that for the Optimum Asphalt Level values, all meet the specifications of genera that produce KAO values of 7.3 percent. From the graphical observations, it can be concluded that all volumertic calculations and asphalt characteristics using coarse aggregate diameter differences concluded that the use of coarse aggregates 2 centimeter in diameter met the specifications of porus asphalt with a mean value: VMA = 48.12 percent, VIM = 4.86 percent, STABILITY = 897 Kilogram, WEAK = 3.54 milimeter, and MQ = 260.11 Kilogram / milimeter.
Correlation of Concrete Strength and Concrete Age K-300 Using Sikacim® Concrete Additive and Master Ease 5010
Authors: Candra A I , Ridwan A , Winarto S , Romadhon
Published: July 2020

Concrete which is generally used for building needs must reach the age of 28 days according to SNI to achieve the maximum compressive strength value from the plan. Along with the development of developmentthere needs to be research where concrete is planned so that it can achieve the compressive strength that is planned and has a higher quality even though it has reached the age of 28 days, this study uses Sikacim® Concrete Additive and Master Ease 5010 as additional material to obtain compressive strength values wanted. The results of the research conducted at the University of Civil Engineering Laboratory were attended by K-300 concrete planning using additional material Sikacim® Concrete Additive and Master Ease 5010, from the results of the above studies can be seen the compressive strength when 7- day concrete concrete has reached the compressive strength the average value of 251.56 kg / cm2 from there is the role of additives that function to accelerate the hardening of the concrete. Furthermore, for 28 days old concrete has exceeded the planned target of reaching an average value of 316.44 kg / cm2. And the last concrete test when it was 56 days has a value of increase that is high enough to reach an average value of 3 34.22 kg / cm2, here the role of the second additive substance begins to be seen where when the concrete is over 28 days still has a fairly high increase.
The Effect of Stirring Time and Concrete Compaction on K-200 Concrete Press Strength
Authors: Cahyo Y , Candra AI , Siswanto E , Gunarto A
Published: July 2020

Concrete is a component that has an important function for buildings, both in the form of buildings, housing, highways, and other public facilities. The use of concrete, which is getting longer and higher, also has to maintain the quality of the concrete. One of the problems in concrete is the problem of compaction, the existence of cavities in concrete is a problem that if left unchecked will be fatal, concrete that has an automatic cavity will also reduce the value of concrete compressive strength, concrete compaction usually uses a vibrator or vibrator, but in reality the use the vibrator is used in a random way and does not have a fixed time rule, so the concrete is not evenly packed. This study discusses the compressive strength of concrete are produced with a mixture of the same sample but with different rules vibration time s ehingga find the time to achieve the maximum compressive strength of concrete. For the average value of the highest compressive strength produced by concrete withthe duration of Concrete Mix At 30 minutes and vibrator For 5 minutes with strong average value press concrete reaching 202.67 kg / cm2. While the value of the lowest compressive strength is produced byconcrete Durationof Concrete Mix At 30 minutes and vibrator For 10 Minutes above can be seen strong average value press concrete reaching 158.22 kg / cm2
Study of Hidrology Nunukan Raw Water Retention Basin in North Kalimantan
Authors: Trilita Minarni Nur , Suryandari Wahyu , Handajani Novie
Published: July 2020

Water is the source of human life. Therefore it is necessary to make optimum use of it to preserve existing water sources. Raw water demand is influenced by high population growth. The need for raw water in Nunukan Regency is increasing from year to year. Raw water needs in Nunukan Regency are met by utilizing water sources from rivers, wells and rainwater. The available water sources is limited, while the population of Nunukan Regency continues to grow. Therefore, to meet the needs of raw water in Nunukan Regency, a reservoir is needed in the area. One of the elements that must be analyzed in the reservoir design is the hydrological potential that exists including the inflow that fills the reservoir, storage capacity, and flood discharge plans. The analysis results obtained that the volume of water that can fill the reservoir is 0.235 × 106 m3, while storage capacity is 0.013 × 106 m3. Flood discharge plan with a 100-year return period of 4.701 m3/second.
The Isolation of Termofil Amilolitik Bacterium and Activity Test of Harsh Extract Amylase Enzyme From The Hot Spring at Jailolo Bay in North Maluku
Authors: Arfah Rugaiyah A. , Lestari Yudith Ayu , Dali Seniwati , Muliadi  , Liestianty Deasy
Published: July 2020

Amylase is a hydrolase group enzyme used in many industrial areas which operate on high temperature. Amylase can be yielded from various organisms. The most common producer of Amylase is Bacterium. Bacterium can live in many extreme environment like hot temperature environment. One of the sources of hot water is Jailolo Bay in North Maluku, on that account it requires to conduct the isolation of thermophile amolytic bacteria from the hot water source of Jailolo Bay in North Maluku Moluccas North and test its amylase activity. Water sample used in this research was taken come from the hot water source with temperature of 75°C and 6,1 water pH. This research was done by isolating the bacteria, by packing 1 mL of the water sample into an add-on medium. Then 1 mL microbe culture was disseminated to a jelly medium and incubated for two days at the temperature of 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C. The resulting Bacterium colony was then processed qualitatively into the amolytic bacterium test in the jelly medium containing 1% sago extract with Iodium. Isolates yielding wide, transparent zone in each incubation temperature were identified. Identifying the bacteria was conducted with colony morphology test, biochemical test, and the coloration of Gram. The α-amylase enzyme activity test was relied on the amount of reduction sugar (maltose) which was produced by the extract hydrolysis with DNS method using maltose as standard. The result of the research shows that the source of hot water in Jailolo Bay, North Maluku has potency to yield thermophile amolytic bacteria. The amount of isolates bacteria obtained was 68 isolates from the temperatures of 40°C, 50°C and 60°C each resulting 36, 18 and 14 isolates bacteria. Three chosen bacterium isolates (big transparent zone) from each incubation temperature are isolates 51Y222 ( 40 °C), isolates 52B23 ( 50ºC) and 52YA ( 60ºC) which owns each transparent zone of 9,11 cm; 9,13 cm and 9,20 cm. The microscopic characterization result of Gram coloration indicates that those three isolates are included as the positive Gram bacteria and in form of bacillus. Based on the colony morphology observation macroscopically, microscopically and according to the biochemical test result, isolates 51Y222, 52B23 and 52YA represent bacterium of Bacillus sp. Amolytic enzyme activity of 51Y222, 52B23 and 52YA is each 157,75 mU / mL; 124,07 mU / mL and 1315,61 mU / mL
Effectiveness Tamarind to reduction of Pb content in red mussels
Authors: Santi SS , Wahyudi T , Siyam C , Rachmani TPD
Published: July 2020

Red Mussels is a food ingredient that is quite popular in East Java. However, the content of heavy metal (Pb) red mussels is quite high above the threshold that is permitted for human consumption, which is below 1.5 ppm. Therefore, the presence of high Pb levels must be reduction according to the specified threshold. The research was conducted in two steps. The first step, Red mussel’s extraction using Tamarind solution. Tamarind contains organic acids, one of which is citric acid which acts as a metal binding agent so as to reduce the metal content. The second stage of extracting red mussels uses pure citric acid, then the results are compared. The optimum results obtained at the time of extraction and concentration using tamarind was 60 minutes and 25%, the effectiveness of citric acid in tamarind was 98.89% (initial Pb 17.19 ppm to 0.25 ppm) while pure citric acid was 99.97 % (Initial Pb 17,199 ppm to 0,004 ppm).
Ethnomatematics in Majapahit’s Culture: Geometry Concepts and Pedagogy Reviews in the Life of Mlaten Trowulan Villagers
Authors: Budiarto Mega Teguh , Setianingsih Rini , Artiono Rudianto
Published: July 2020

This study examines the elements of culture, especially the manufacture of pottery of Mlaten Trowulan, East Java Indonesia. It can be used to review the mindset of the Majapahit tribe from the point of view about the pottery artisans show how to make make the pottery to the next generation craftsmen. This research is a qualitative research with ethnography method. The results showed that there are 25 types of pottery which has a symmetrical geometric shape. The artisans show how to make the pottery to the elementary school student with some techniques, such as rotating, plating, pushing, and twisting. All techniques have been taught by learning by doing method. The symmetrical pottery model can be obtained from rotating a function f against the x-axis. The function f is obtained from a three-point cubic interpolation with its midpoint as the peak point. In order to develop another pottery model, another transformation function can be used.
Analysis the effect of learning habists and gender the mathematics learning achievement using the multiple linear regression approach
Authors: Fitrianti H , Riyana M
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of learning habits and gender on the mathematics learning achievement of students using multiple linear regression approaches. This type of research is quantitative with an approach ex post facto. The population used in SMP Negeri 1 Merauke students, class X and XI with a population of 625 students consisting of 322 male students and 303 students. The sample used by the propositional stratified Random Sampling technique was obtained ie 150 samples. The analysis used uses a significance level of 5%. The results obtained are: (1) there is a significant effect of learning habits and student mathematics learning achievements; (2) there is no significant effect of gender on student mathematics learning achievement; (3) there is no simultaneous influence of learning habits and gender on students’ mathematics learning achievement. The results of the analysis using multiple regression approaches indicate learning habits provide a positive and significant influence on learning achievement. Students who have good and regular study habits will see that the lessons received are not so difficult to understand, because of the good readiness beforehand. Whereas for gender there is no significant effect. This is because there has been gender equality applied in school. Equality of conditions for men and women to obtain opportunities and their rights as human beings, to be able to play a role and participate in activities at school. Thus it can be concluded that the factors that influence the mathematics achievement of junior high school students for Merauke City are learning habits. The better and regular student learning habits, the students’ mathematical achievements will increase.
Study of Blending Fly Ash with Potentially Acid Forming Material to Prevent Acid Mine Drainage
Authors: Firman  , Haya A , Alkatiri H
Published: July 2020

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is one of environmental concerns of mining activities and need to be prevented. One of AMD prevention method is passive method by blending PAF Material with Non-Acid Forming Material. One of constraint often faced by mining companies is the limitation of NAF material. Other Non-Acid Forming Material that is available and abundant near mine site is fly ash from Mine-Mouth Coal-Fired Power Plant Banjarsari. The Study of usage of fly ash as a blending material with PAF material in order to prevent AMD is deemed necessary. Different blending simulations of varying PAF material size (fine and coarse) and varying fly ash-PAF Material ratio (2:1; 1:1; and 0,5:1 by weight) are made and leachate water from kinetic test is physically and chemically tested. This study result shows that variation in OB-Claystone grain size is not influencing the acidity of leachate water. Blending FA with OB-CS with minimum ratio of 1,12:1 (by weight) is effective to prevent AMD generation. Acid-base equilibrium is met when ratio of mole-transfer between neutralizing mineral (periclase, lime and gypsum) to acid-generating mineral (pyrite) is 1:1 (by weight). The higher ratio of FA in blending, the lower oxidation and alkalinity-production rate. Rate of oxidation of pyrite and alkalinity-production rate is the same at OB-CS and FA blending ratio of 1:1,62 (by weight).
Geochemical composition and morphology study of Major Minerals of Angus Stone from Gamalama Mountain, Ternate Island, Indonesia
Authors: Yanny  , Ibrahim Mohammad Marshus , Abbas Said Hi , Muliadi  , Jaya Asri , Maulana Adi
Published: July 2020

This research is aimed to recognize the chemical composition, type, and main mineral morphology that are consisted in Batu Angus. The analytical methods used are X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and Scanning Electronic Microscopic (SEM). The result of the research showed that the chemical composition of Angus stone consists of silicone mineral and iron. The kind of silicone mineral is identified as mineral quartz, cristobalite, and tridymite while the iron mineral is identified as maghemite. The silicone mineral morphology has tetragonal, cubic, orthorhombic, hexagonal, and trigonal geometry shapes.
Performance Analysis of Hydrogen Fed Proton Conducting ITSOFC Cogeneration System
Authors: Amir Nizar
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the performance analysis of different cogeneration system based on proton conduction SOFC (pSOFC) as main core system in the intermediate temperature. The cogeneration system such as heat recycle steam generator (HRSG) and micro gas turbine (MGT) also compared. The new design to remove heat from stack also proposed to enhance the overall system efficiency. The results show the pSOFC cogeneration combined with HRSG has higher system and overall efficiency than combined with MGT. However, additional power output is produce when combined with MGT. So the option must be correctly chosen and depend on the customer demands. Finally, with new system design of cogeneration system, it is possible to achieve an overall efficiency greater than 81% and 80% when pSOFC combined with HRSG and MGT, respectively in the intermediate temperature.
Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy to Assess Organic Matters in Activated Persulfate
Authors: Hidayah E N , Cahyonugroho O H
Published: July 2020

Surface water contains organic matters from human activities, discharged industrial wastewater, and generated from microbial activities in water body. Persulfate is one of the strongest oxidants and could be used to oxidize organic matters. Fluorescence excitation emission matrices is one of the qualitative methods to identify organic matters properties, instead of chromatography and ultraviolet visible detection. The objective of this study was to identify dissolved organic matter in source and treated water by using peroxidation activated persulfate followed by coagulation. Sampel was analysed by using fluorescence excitation emission matrices (FEEMs) to assess its properties. The results showed that Activated persulfate has a good performance as pretreatment, in order to oxidize organic matters, further the coagulation is suitable treatment to combine with peroxidation activated persulfate. Those treatment resulted lower fluorescence intensity in all regions, including aromatic protein, fulvic acid-like, soluble microbial products, and humic acid-like.
Resistance of Loading Loads in Surabaya River and Its Branch with Qual2KW Model.
Authors: Hendrasarie N , Swandika I D A
Published: July 2020

Pollution of Surabaya River from year to year is increasing, the increase in pollution is the main problem of Surabaya River which is caused by the entry of most of the liquid waste from industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities. Continuous pollution can reduce water quality for rivers and creeks. One solution that can be applied to reduce the level of pollution is by calculating the capacity of pollution loads. This research was conducted to find out the quality of Kali Surabaya and tributaries of Surabaya River and the calculation of pollution load capacity with the QUAL2KW model. The study analysed the parameters of DO, BOD, COD, and phosphate. From the results of the study, the water quality values for Surabaya river and its branch were above the Class I quality standard Government Regulation Number 82 of 2010 and from the calculation results obtained the maximum capacity values BOD load were 23-1355 kg/day, and COD load were 23-6830 kg/days, while phosphate load were 2,5-125 kg/day.
Application of remotely sensed data and maximum entropy model in detecting potential fishing zones of Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the eastern Indian Ocean off Sumatera
Authors: Syah Achmad Fachruddin , Yanti Siregar Emma Suri , Siregar Vincetius P , Agus Syamsul B
Published: July 2020

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus obesus) is one of the most important and most caught fish in the eastern Indian Ocean off west Sumatera and has extensive migration. To develop an appropriate prediction model and to understand the contribution of oceanographic parameters in the potential habitat of Yellowfin tuna, remotely sensed data and habitat modeling were used. Daily data of sea-surface temperature (SST), sea-surface salinity (SSS) and sea-surface height (SSH) were downloaded from the marine copernicus website, meanwhile fishing vessel position for Yellowfin tuna were obtained from fishing port Samudera, Bungus, west Sumatera, from January through December 2015. Daily fishing vessel position and environmental parameters were used for maximum entropy model construction. The model predictive performance was then evaluated using a threshold-independent metric, the area under the curve (AUC) metric of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Maximum entropy model results (AUC > 0.90) indicated its potential to figure out the spatial distribution of Yellowfin tuna. In general, SST (50.5%) is the most affective variable in the Yellowfin tuna distribution, followed by SSS (37%) and SSH (12.5%). This study showed that integration multi remotely sensed data and a modeling approach provide an innovative way to decide the potential fishing zones of the Yellowfin tuna in the eastern Indian Ocean off west Sumatera.
Effect of using chemsketch on teaching molecular shape of hydrocarbon to increase student’s achievement
Authors: Marpaung D N , Siregar L F , Pongkendek J J
Published: July 2020

This research aim to know the effectiveness of using chemsketch on the teaching molecular shape of hydrocarbon to increase student achievement. Hydrocarbon is very interesting to be discussed. Technology utilized need to solve this problem which is by using chemsketch. Chemsketch implemented by powerpoint. Research conducted in SMAN 5 Medan sample that used consists of two classes, that consist of experiment class and control class. The average pretest score in control is 33.33 and posttest score is 73.03. Percentage of passed students post-test is 69.70% from 33 students only 23students. While experiment class average pretest score is 32.12 and posttest score is 81.21. Percentage of passed students post-test is 85.71%, from 35 students only 30 students. The gain percentage between the post-test score in the experiment and the control class is 16.01%. The result showed that chemsketch with PowerPoint effective to increase student’s achievement in hydrocarbon and suitable following industrial revolution 4.0 to prepare student face globalization era education.
Inquiry-based labs exacerbate gender imbalance
Authors: Allen Michael
Published: July 2020

Laboratory sessions that are designed to emphasize and teach experimentation skills lead to gender imbalances among students, with men and women taking on different roles.
Bipartisan bill to revamp US agency
Authors: Gwynne Peter
Published: July 2020

A bipartisan group of US senators and representatives has introduced legislation in Congress that would significantly change the operation of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Dealing with deniers
Authors: Durrani Matin
Published: July 2020

Why Physics World magazine has published an article about people who think the Earth is flat.
The e-bike revolution
Authors: McKenzie James
Published: July 2020

Electric bikes are all the rage, but James McKenzie wonders if the future lies with a minimalist kit that can be retrofitted to an ordinary bicycle
Global awareness
Authors: Mark Barbara
Published: July 2020

In response to the May 2020 special issue devoted to the challenges of plastic waste and to James McKenzie’s column “Shipping carbon-free” (April p21), in which he argues that while air travel is bad for the environment, we should decarbonize sea travel too.
Air-travel efficiency
Authors: Cook Nick
Published: July 2020

In response to Jonathan Pugh’s letter “High ambitions for net carbon neutral” (June p25) in which he argues that it would be preferable to make air travel carbon neutral, than to eradicate it.
Finding a consistent constant
Authors: Cooper Keith
Published: July 2020

The Planck mission gave us the most precise value of the Hubble constant to date by measuring the cosmic microwave background. But studies made since using different methods provide different values. Keith Cooper investigates the discrepancies and asks what it might mean for cosmology
The blue solution
Authors: Stevenson Richard
Published: July 2020

Powerful blue lasers are producing the high-quality copper welds needed to make batteries for electric vehicles, as Richard Stevenson reports
PyRice: a Python package for querying Oryza sativa databases
Authors: Do Quan , Bich Hai Ho , Larmande Pierre
Published: July 2020

Currently, gene information available for Oryza sativa species is located in various online heterogeneous data sources. Moreover, methods of access are also diverse, mostly web-based and sometimes query APIs, which might not always be straightforward for domain experts. The challenge is to collect information quickly from these applications and combine it logically, to facilitate scientific research. We developed a Python package named PyRice, a unified programing API to access all supported databases at the same time with consistent output. PyRice design is modular and implements a smart query system, which fits the computing resources to optimize the query speed. As a result, PyRice is easy to use and produces intuitive results.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/SouthGreenPlatform/PyRice.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Global, regional, and national prevalence, incidence, mortality, and risk factors for atrial fibrillation, 1990–2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Authors: Dai Haijiang , Zhang Quanyu , Much Arsalan Abu , Maor Elad , Segev Amit , Beinart Roy , Adawi Salim , Lu Yao , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Wu Jianhong
Published: July 2020

Aims

To estimate the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017.

Methods and results

Following the methodologies used in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017, the prevalence, incidence, and mortality of AF were analysed by age, sex, year, socio-demographic index (SDI), and location. The percentage contributions of major risk factors to age-standardized AF deaths were measured by population attributable fractions. In 2017, there were 37.57 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 32.55–42.59] prevalent cases and 3.05 million (95% UI 2.61–3.51) incident cases of AF globally, contributing to 287 241 (95% UI 276 355–304 759) deaths. The age-standardized rates of prevalent cases, incident cases, and deaths of AF in 2017 and their temporal trends from 1990 to 2017 varied significantly by SDI quintile and location. High systolic blood pressure was the leading risk factor for AF age-standardized deaths [34.3% (95% UI 27.4–41.5)] in 2017, followed by high body mass index [20.7% (95% UI 11.5–32.2)] and alcohol use [9.4% (95% UI 7.0–12.2)].

Conclusion

Our study has systematically and globally assessed the temporal trends of AF, which remains a major public heath challenge. Although AF mainly occurred in developed countries, the unfavourable trend in countries with lower SDI also deserves particular attention. More effective prevention and treatment strategies aimed at counteracting the increase in AF burden should be established in some countries.
Adoption of outgroup norms provides evidence for social transmission in perinatal care practices among rural Namibian women
Authors: Hagen Renée V , Scelza Brooke A
Published: July 2020

Background and objectives

How do new ideas spread in social groups? We apply the framework of cultural evolution theory to examine what drives change in perinatal care norms among Himba women in the Kunene region of Namibia. Access to formal medical care is on the rise in this region, and medical workers regularly visit communities to promote WHO-recommended perinatal care practices. This study investigates how various forms of social transmission affect women’s uptake of medical recommendations concerning perinatal care.

Methodology

Based on interviews with one hundred Himba mothers, we used Bayesian multi-level logistical regression models to examine how perceptions of group preferences, prestige ascribed to outgroup conformers, interaction with the outgroup and access to resources affect norm adoption.

Results

Women who perceive medical recommendations as common in their group prefer, plan and practice these recommendations more often themselves. We observed a shift toward medical recommendations regarding birth location and contraception use that was in line with conformity bias predictions. Practices that serve as cultural identity markers persist in the population.

Conclusions and implications

Norm changes, and the cultural evolutionary processes that can lead to them, are not uniform, either in process or pace. Empirical studies like this one provide important examples of how these changes reflect local culture and circumstance and are critical for better understanding the models that currently predominate in cultural evolution work. These cases can also help bridge the gap between evolutionary anthropology and public health by demonstrating where promotion and prevention campaigns might be most effective.

Lay Summary

The recent promotion of WHO-recommended perinatal care practices in Namibia provides an opportunity to empirically study norm change using a cultural evolution framework. We found women adopt medical recommendations when they believe these are common in their social group. Local norms that were not discouraged persisted in the study group.
A glimpse of potential transposable element impact on adaptation of the industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Liu Z Lewis , Huang Xiaoqiu
Published: July 2020

The adapted industrial yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-50049 is able to in situ detoxify major toxic aldehyde compounds derived from sugar conversion of lignocellulosic biomass while producing ethanol. Pathway-based studies on its mechanisms of tolerance have been reported previously, however, little is known about transposable element (TE) involvement in its adaptation to inhibitory compounds. This work presents a comparative dynamic transcription expression analysis in response to a toxic treatment between Y-50049 and its progenitor, an industrial type strain NRRL Y-12632, using a time-course study. At least 77 TEs from Y-50049 showed significantly increased expression compared with its progenitor, especially during the late lag phase. Sequence analysis revealed significant differences in TE sequences between the two strains. Y-50049 was also found to have a transposons of yeast 2 (Ty2) long terminal repeat-linked YAT1 gene showing significantly higher copy number changes than its progenitor. These results raise awareness of potential TE involvement in the adaptation of industrial yeast to the tolerance of toxic chemicals.