bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die eulogie in 1 Petrus 1:3-12
Authors: Barkhuizen J.H.
Published: August 2012

The eulogy in 1 Peter 1:3-12 The eulogy in 1 Peter 1:3-12 shares a common form with those found in Luke 1:68-79, Ephesians 1:3-14 and the shortened version in 2 Corinthians 1:3 f.f. As in the case of Ephesians 1:3-14, the eulogy in 1 Peter plays an important introductory part: it sets the argument of the author in motion and contains themes and motifs that figure prominently in the remainder of the letter. In this article the focus is a possible strophic division of the eulogy, followed by a discussion of its formal characteristics, and its theological perspective. The style of the eulogy sets it clearly apart from that of the rest of the letter, and several rhetorical features as well as some grammatical problems are discussed. The main thrust of its theological perspective is the new birth of the believers, initiated through the resurrection of Jesus Christ. This new birth entails a life infused with a living hope focused on their future inheritance and salvation, preserved for them by the power of God, and which will be finally realised at the revelation of Christ at the end of times. This hope, and the love and faith of the readers, will sustain them amidst their present hardships and sufferings. The eulogy thus forms the basis for the auhtor’s exhortations, expressed from 1.13 f.f., towards a life of faithful endurance.
Deurlopende motiewe in die Psalms
Authors: Cloete T.T.
Published: August 2012

Recurrent motifs in the Psalms The process of versifying the Psalms not only opens the eye to the importance of small detail and recurrent motifs; it also underlines the general line of thought present in the Book of Psalms. One of these main themes encountered is the interactive relationship between God and man as illustrated inter alia by the images of the hand, the eye and the motif of God and man as being “partners”; of man as being the property of God and as co-inhabiting a mutual dwelling. The end result of the versifying process is thus a deliberate attempt to encorporate both the general and the particular of the original text in a meticulous and Biblically responsible way.
Die reg op lewe
Authors: Vorster J.M.
Published: August 2012

The right to life This article deals with the practical application of the fundamental right to life with special focus on abortion, capital punishment and euthanasia. From a Christian ethical perspective and the biblical principle of life it is argued that the practice of abortion, capital punishment and euthanasia cannot be justified for various reasons. Christians should therefore consider other ways to deal with issues like unwanted pregnancies and suffering. Regarding serious crime, punitive measures other than capital punishment ought to be considered because the practice of capital punishment can be misused by the state and can lead to the abuse of power. Capital punishment is also detrimental to the development of a culture of respect for life in society at large.
Westerse, meganistiese horlosietyd versus die organiese, natuurlike tydsidee van tradisionele Afrika: Hoe kan die konflik opgelos word?
Authors: Van der Walt B.J.
Published: August 2012

Western, mechanistic clock-time versus the traditional African organic, natural concept of time: How should this conflict be solved? This article is an effort to resolve the tension and conflict between (traditional) African and (modern) Western concepts of time. In order to do so, the salient characteristics of African and Western concepts about time are explained. Because the way in which time is measured reveals a lot about one’s viewpoint about time, special attention is given to time measurement in both Africa and the West. In the case of the West the historical development and character of mechanical clocks are investigated. The result of the investigation is summarised in a comparative table. The conclusion is that both Western and African perspectives on time are, albeit in different ways, one-sided. They have to be broadened and enriched by an intercultural and Christian-philosophical perspective. Time should neither be our enemy or boss (as in the case of the West) nor are we the masters of time (Africa). Time is a gift of God to be enjoyed, as well as a task we as stewards should use responsibly.
Venialis culpa? Augustinus oor huwelik en seksualiteit
Authors: Van Wyk J.H.
Published: August 2012

Venialis culpa? Augustine on marriage and sexuality Augustine’s views on marriage and sexual ethics are sometimes typified as androcentric, ascetic, legalistic and pessimistic, and he has been blamed for the fact that it was this kind of ethics that influenced – and harmed – the whole of Western society. In this article it is argued that, in order to understand Augustine correctly, it must be considered that he developed his ethics during a life of great turbulence and change, in the midst of many theological controversies and against the background of a pagan society. Although Augustine improved in many ways on the sexual ethics of his predecessors, the conclusion cannot be avoided that in the end he failed to formulate a balanced view of sexuality in married life.
Okkultiese binding en bevryding: ’n Nuwe-Testamentiese perspektief
Authors: Vergeer W.C.
Published: August 2012

Occult binding and unbinding: A New Testament perspective In view of the recent upsurge in attention given to practices of “spiritual warfare” like “demonic binding/unbinding”, “exorcism” and “mapping”, a study is made of various New Testament references to the devil and evil spirits, their influence and how these influences were dealt with. Conclusions are drawn concerning the legitimacy, character and possible practice of a present-day (Reformed) ministry dealing with demonic influences on the life of Christians.
Oorvloedige liefde en konflikhantering: basisteoretiese perspektiewe uit Filippense
Authors: Pretorius J. , De Klerk B.J.
Published: August 2012

Abundant love and conflict management: Basis-theoretical perspectives from Philippians The management of conflict in the process of building the Lord’s church remains an issue in need of basis-theoretical guidelines based upon Scripture. The rhetorical analyses of Philippians during the past decade have brought about a better understanding of the structure and theme of the letter, but have failed to point out the performative effect of the paradigm “behind” the compilation of the letter. This paradigm (here referred to as “the abundant love of Christ”) is not only mentioned in the letter itself, but the method of discourse analysis used in this article also reveals the impact of this love illustrated by the way that Pauls deals with various kinds of conflict. A more detailed analysis of the introduction of the letter (1:3- 11, esp. v. 9-11) clearly underscores the existence and importance of Christ’s love in Paul’s writings and for the Philippians. Although the members of the Philippian congregation were partners in the furthering of the gospel, they missed Paul’s mindset of love to a great extent. Through excellent rhetorical techniques this letter inspires the reader of today to use Paul’s mindset in contemporary conflict management. The existence of such a mindset can be evaluated by means of empirical questions for the purposes of practical theology.
Die menslike embrio – ’n reg op lewe? ’n Voorlopige teologies-etiese beoordeling
Authors: Rheeder A.L.
Published: August 2012

The human embryo – a right to life? A preliminary theological-ethical evaluation It is known that the human embryo is currently (during in-vitro impregnation/conception) qualitatively and genetically selected, after which unwanted embryos are destroyed. Stem cell research, which holds exceptional medical promise (and is medically exceptionally promising), however, also leads to the inevitable destruction of the human embryo. This article attempts to determine what the status of the human embryo is according to the Word of God. The specific question that is posed is whether life starts before or after conception. The answer to this question will determine how the human embryo ought to be handled/treated.
Editorial
Authors: Van Rensburg F.J.
Published: August 2012

Hierdie uitgawe word ingelei met ’n waarderingswoord aan prof. Faan Denkema, geskryf deur prof. Cassie Venter (p. xv-xvi). In sy dankwoord (p. xvii-xix) tipeer prof. Faan sy eie lewe as een van verwondering. Ons weer tipeer hom as mens deur wie God ons geseën het. Dankie aan Faan vir sy diens, ook aan In die Skriflig.
Fundamentalisme en kritisisme: Nadenke oor Skrifbeskouing en Skrifverklaring – van Augustinus tot Bultmann
Authors: Van Wyk J.H.
Published: August 2012

Fundamentalism and criticism: Reflections on the view and use of Scripture – from Augustine to Bultmann In this article the author investigates the views of fundamentalism and criticism as far as the doctrine of Scripture is concerned. In this context, special attention is given to the doctrine of the resurrection of the body. By way of a prelude the views of the great church father, Augustine, who influenced Western theology fundamentally, are scrutinised. The author arrives at the conclusion that elements of criticism can be discovered in the fundamentalist stance while the critical option can be blamed for its (although reduced) fundamentalistic approach.
Die aktiwiteit van die belydende GKSAvrouelidmaat tydens die erediens
Authors: Van Helden P.
Published: August 2012

The activity of the female communicant during worship services in the Reformed Churches in South Africa (GKSA) This article is a report of research done on how a female communicant in the GKSA can be active in Christ while certain traditions tie her tongue, hands and feet. By attempting to outline the internal and external activity of female communicants during worship, this article attempts to determine empirically the extent to which current church practice is Scriptural within The Reformed tradition. Definite and specific tendencies regarding the nature of female ministerial empowerment in the churches have been noticed. Suggestions concerning expanding the involvement by women during worship services have also been indicated. A possible response to the questions raised in this regard depends on the attitude and willingness of the GKSA to correct inhibiting and unbiblical traditions and to reform according to the essence of the Bible. Real reformation is the only way to ensure that a Reformed scriptural approach towards female Christians will be practised in future – an approach that will enable female members to participate fully in worship services.
Die prediking van hoop aan getraumatiseerdes in die huisgesin van God. Prakties-teologiese perspektiewe in die lig van Hebreërs
Authors: Venter C.J.H.
Published: August 2012

The preaching of hope to traumatized people in the household of God. Practical-theological perspectives in the light of Hebrews This article focuses mainly on two prominent areas of research. Firstly, applicable basis-theoretical material from Hebrews on issues of preaching hope in the household of God is selected and analysed. Secondly, the concept of trauma is outlined. After this the DSM-IV criteria list is utilized to establish certain psychological patterns in the life of people experiencing trauma. Finally, practice-theoretical perspectives are indicated for preaching hope to traumatized people in the household of God.
Morality in Africa: Yesterday and today The reasons for the contemporary crisis
Authors: Van der Walt B.J.
Published: August 2012

We are experiencing the results of moral decline in South Africa and on the continent at large daily. Academics are also worried by this “moral vacuum”. It seems as if something important has disappeared and nothing good has replaced it. This article will, by way of introduction, mention some of the moral virtues of traditional Africa. They reveal a stark contrast with contemporary “morality”. The main emphasis will be on the possible reasons for the present moral decline, because knowledge about the causes may assist us in our search for solutions. By quoting extensively from African authors on the topic the article provides an in-depth look at the following reasons for the moral crisis: (1) some general characteristics of traditional morality, (2) inherent weaknesses in traditional morality and (3) different external influences. The article concludes with a few ideas of how the challenge of the moral crisis can be met from a Christian perspective.
Towards a revitalisation of Calvinistic eschatology
Authors: Hoek J.
Published: August 2012

The theology of John Calvin has a structurally Christocentric and eschatological character. In Calvin’s theology eschatology does not deal with probabilities and speculations about the future, but with the reliable promises of God in Christ. The Kingdom is already a realised kingdom in the cross-bearing Church on earth. According to Calvin the Millenarians deprive Christ of His honour by assigning to Him a temporal kingdom. Calvin rejects the idea that the Old Testament prophecies of salvation and blessings will only be fulfilled to the people of Israel in future world-history. According to Millenarianism, Old Testament prophecy – concerning the messianic kingdom – should be interpreted as referring to the physical kingdom of Israel on earth. The main route of God through history is His way with Israel. This way of thinking, however, overemphasizes the theologia gloriae. Nevertheless, in these millenarian views the insistence on the unique place of Israel in God’s plan of salvation has to be welcomed. Calvinists have a tradition (Puritans, Nadere Reformatie) of openness to a preliminary fulfilment of God’s promises in future history. Calvinists do not need to change their Christocentric paradigm when they accept the hope upon the future conversion of the Jews. A revitalisation of Puritan insights in this regard will be refreshing for contemporary Calvinism.
Die Ou Testament in die Nuwe Testament: interpretasiemodelle
Authors: Moyise S.
Published: August 2012

The Old Testament in the New Testament: Models for interpretation It is a common practice for studies of the use of the Old Testament in the New Testament to summarise the complex Greek and Hebrew data under a single designation, such as “prophecy and fulfilment” or “messianic exegesis”. In this article, I discuss seven different models that are used in scholarly discussion of the Old Testament in the New Testament and offer an evaluation of their various strengths and weaknesses. I conclude that each model has its limitations and indeed distorts the evidence if pushed too far. The implications are that greater clarity would result if (1) scholars acknowledged the model or models that they are using; and (2) a multi-dimensional approach was adopted.
Paulus se gebruik van Psalm 68 in Efesiërs 4
Authors: Floor L. , Viljoen F.P.
Published: August 2012

Paul’s use of Psalm 68 in Ephesians 4 The use of the Old Testament in the New Testament is one of the key issues in the field of intertextuality. Intertextual studies can be fascinating, but sometimes pose difficulties. Solutions are often less obvious. One difficult crux interpretum is found in Ephesians 4:8. Here the New Testament author makes a significant Christological application of Psalm 68:19. In its own context this Old Testament passage relates to the acceptance of (congratulatory) gifts by a victorious Israelite king. Ephesians 4:8, however, relates this passage to the provision of gifts by the victorious and ascended Christ. A comparison between these two verses immediately reveals certain differences. The question underlying this article therefore is: why does the New Testament citation differ on important issues from Psalms 68:19 in its Old Testament context, and what is the significance of these differences?
Die aard van en kriteria vir dogmatiese liedere. Drie omdigtings van Schutte (A.G.S.) Venter
Authors: Viljoen F.P.
Published: August 2012

The nature of and criteria for dogmatic hymns. Three versifications by Schutte (A.G.S.) Venter In this article the nature of dogmatic hymns is discussed and it is indicated how dogmatic hymns have functioned during the course of church history. Taking this investigation as point of departure, criteria are formulated to be used in the evaluation of dogmatic hymns – also in the evaluation of the contents of three versifications by Schutte Venter. The 2000 Synod of the Reformed Churches in South Africa discussed the possibility of and need for dogmatic hymns, and took notice of some guidelines in this regard. Schutte Venter consequently versified sections of the confessions of faith and formulae for wedding ceremonies in an attempt to meet this need.
Die konsep van gelykheid in die lig van die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet (1996) en die Skrif
Authors: Vorster N.
Published: August 2012

Equality in the light of the 1996 South African Constitution and Scripture In the debate on the role of women in the church the principle of equality (especially gender equality) is of particular importance. Churches and theologians are confronted by a twofold question, that is: • Does Scripture support gender inequality as a consequence of the patriarchal context in which it originated? • Are churches that prevent women from serving in the offices not guilty of gender discrimination? Before these questions can be answered theologians should clarify the concept of equality. The aim of this article is to compare the biblical concept of equality with the ethical content with which the Constitutional Court imbues the South African constitutional value of equality. The central theoretical argument of this article is that there is a fundamental difference in content between the biblical concept of equality and the South African constitutional value of equality. The main differences in content between the two concepts of equality will be highligted by way of comparison. After the comparison of these concepts, a few observations will be made which are relevant for the debate on the role of women in the church.
Women who win with words: Deliverance via persuasive communication
Authors: Branch R.G.
Published: August 2012

The Wise Woman of Abel Beth Maacah quells a rebellion (2 Sam. 20). Abigail, a beautiful and intelligent woman, rescues her household (1 Sam. 25). And the older sister of Moses, by tradition Miriam, saves her baby brother’s life (Ex. 2). These two women and a girl represent political saviours who facilitate the deliverance of a city, community, and an individual via persuasive words. As winners with words, these orators contribute dynamically to the biblical text by providing an alternative way of deliverance, one enabling it to come through a means other than the sword. Via perceptive persuasion, they guide those with whom they interact toward choosing life and the common good. This article takes a cross-disciplinary approach to the biblical text by looking at the persuasive communication techniques these two women and a girl employ so successfully.
Paul and love patriarchalism: Problems and prospects
Authors: Syreeni K.
Published: August 2012

The term “love patriarchalism” (Liebespatriarchalismus) was coined in the 1970s by Gerd Theissen in his seminal sociological studies on Paul and the Corinthian community. The idea of “love patriarchalism” itself goes back to Ernst Troeltsch, who in his publication, Die Soziallehren der christlichen Kirchen und Gruppen (1912), described the social relations of early Christian, in particular in Pauline communities, as representing a “Typus des christlichen Patriarchalismus”. Troeltsch stressed the conservative basic outlook of this strand of Christianity, and noted that this "religiöse Patriarchalismus" was marked by the ideal of love, a hierarchic church structure, and a certain view of family relations. The Troeltsch-Theissen concept has been criticised by feminist and liberation-theological scholars for its political conservatism. While this criticism is understandable, but in itself no less politically conditioned, the exegetical problems rather lie in the generalising nature of the concept. However, it depicts one extremely influential post-Pauline stream of tradition, and raises vital questions concerning Paul’s contribution to this development.
Die erediens as instrument in gemeentebou – toegespits op die Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika
Authors: Leuschner F.W. , De Klerk B.J.
Published: August 2012

Worship service as instrument in congregation-building – focused on the Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika In this article worship service as an instrument in congregationbuilding is investigated – basis-, meta- and practical-theoretically. Congregation-building is defined as the unique ministry by which the community of believers is led to become what they as believers have already become through Christ. Congregation-building is concerned with growth in three relationships, that is, the relationship between the believer and God, the relationship between the believer and his fellow believers and the relationship between the believer and the world. It is concluded that worship service implies a meeting of God and his covenant people. Worship service therefore has a strong element of mutual building up and witness. Having undertaken a limited empirical study, it was found that the above-mentioned basistheoretical perspectives have not been fully realized in the practice of the GKSA. Even though worship service is experienced as a meeting with God, the dialogical and corporate character of the service, as well as the mutual building up and the relationship with the world, is neglected. Practice-theoretical guidelines are given to rectify this situation by bringing practice closer to theory. The equipping of the believer as well as of the pastor is identified as major concerns. The establishment of a liturgical service group is thus encouraged. The final conclusion is that worship service has a cardinal role to play in congregation-building.
’n Homileties-empiriese ondersoek van prediking en gesindheidsverandering
Authors: Kruger F.P. , Venter C.J.H.
Published: August 2012

A homiletical-empirical investigation of preaching and attitude change The issues of preaching, and the change of attitude that preaching (should) bring about in the hearts and minds of hearers are dealt with in this article. In order to arrive at relevant and plausible conclusions, homiletical-empirical methodology was utilised. The aim of the article is to highlight the fact that both preachers and hearers have certain personal attitudes affecting the influence of preaching on their experience and realisation of faith. In this article a distinction is made between generic attitudes and attitudes towards specific issues. Generic attitudes consist of attitudes dependent on social circumstances and the influences of fellow-believers, attitudes with personal benefit as aim, and intrinsic-religious attitudes. Specific attitudes consist inter alia of the following aspects: the attitude of the hearers towards the Word, the congregation, worship, preaching as such, and expectations of the future. The article is concluded by selected perspectives for the praxis of preaching and attitude change.
Die Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika 1859-2002: die vervulling van ’n roeping in belang van die koninkryk van God?
Authors: Du Plooy A.
Published: August 2012

The Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika 1859-2002: Fulfilment of a calling for the benefit of the Kingdom of God? The Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika was founded on 11 February 1859 in Rustenburg. This article looks at a number of subthemes from the history of the GKSA. These sub-themes represent a random choice but are relevant to the topic. Though not meant to cover the entire field, the following sub-themes are discussed: • The historical context within which the Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika originated in 1859. • The fundamental calling of the church to proclaim the Word of God in its purest form, and the importance of providing sound, scholarly education and training to theological students. • The calling to actualise the unity of the church, with reference to the relationship among the three major Afrikaans-speaking reformed denominations, ecumenism and unity across ethnic and language boundaries. • The calling to ensure justice in society, with brief reference to the Gereformeerde Kerke in Suid-Afrika and the ideology of apartheid. • The calling to bear testimony among people in society.
Van Wyk se bespreking van my boek: God, waarom lyk die wêreld so?
Authors: König A.
Published: August 2012

My dank aan Amie van Wyk vir ’n deeglike bespreking van hierdie boek (In die Skriflig, 36(4) 2002). Al sal ek hier en daar vrae vra oor sy beoordeling, het hy dit op ’n waardige vlak gedoen wat reg laat geskied aan die saak. Trouens, hier en daar het hy regtig uit sy pad gegaan om my te probeer verstaan. Van Wyk maak veel daarvan dat ek ’n nuwe voorsienigheidsleer aanbied (529, 539, 550). Hy meld egter nie dat ek direk en doelbewus by Irenaeus aansluit nie (176-179), iets wat ek vroeër al in ’n boekie oor die versoeningsleer gedoen het (Versoening – Goedkoop? Duur? Verniet? van 1995).
Liturgiese antwoorde op geweld – ’n verkenning
Authors: De Klerk B.J.
Published: August 2012

Liturgical solutions to violence – an exploration Violence is an action that causes serious trauma – also in believers. The concept of violence should thus also be addressed and accounted for in all theological disciplines. In this article it is attempted to give an overview of what violence against women and children implies. Possible liturgical solutions to the phenomenon of violence are subsequently presented as seen from a feminist point of view. The viewpoint of the “liturgy of protest” is also discussed and finally the solutions suggested by acts of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission are scrutinised. In gatherings of the congregation, of family members and small groups in the congregation the traumatised should not be neglected, and the aspect of koinonia expressed by the community of worshippers should bring comfort and hope to the wounded in the body of the church – also by means of liturgical acts. Opportunities should be created for people to interpret the pain and humiliation they have experienced. These opportunities can also be utilised to remove the element of embarrassment that usually accompanies this kind of pain and humiliation. In every element of reformed liturgy possibilities are indicated that can be utilised in the processing of and coming to terms with the trauma effected by violence.
Paulus se beskouing van Jesus
Authors: Viljoen F.P.
Published: August 2012

Paul’s views on Jesus Many scholars distinguish between the nature of Jesus and his teachings as evident during His days on earth, and that of Christ after the resurrection. It is often assumed and argued that Paul’s views and argumentations were responsible for this distinction. If exegetical investigation is, however, taken as point of departure it seems as if this distinction is not justifiable. Although Paul specifically emphasises the importance of cross and resurrection, Jesus’ earthly existence is also regarded as important by him. Paul’s overall viewpoint reveals that he maintains an existing continuity between these two facets of Christ’s existence. The acknowledgement of the existence of the earthly Jesus qualifies the appropriation of the exalted Christ. Likewise, the surety of the exalted Christ is identified by the reality of the earthly Jesus. Based on this point of view Paul regards the words of Jesus as absolutely authoritative. Paul’s Christology implies nothing other than an interpretation of Jesus’ life and death in the light of the resurrected and everpresent Lord.
Die predikant wat houe uitdeel – die gemeente as teiken
Authors: Venter C.J.H.
Published: August 2012

A minister inflicting wounds – a congregation as target In subject-related literature in the field of Practical Theology a certain emphasis is placed on studying the actions, spirituality and conduct of a minister. This article links up with this trend and attempts a closer investigation of the attitude and actions of a minister who unintentionally or intentionally wounds members of a congregation. In the article basis-theoretical perspectives from the Pastoral Epistles on the calling, requirements and spirituality of a minister are indicated. The metatheoretical research in this article is directed at investigating possible trends in contemporary society, the way in which a minister reacts to and copes with these trends and how his reaction may contribute to a situation where he hurts members of the congregation. This part of the investigation is followed by findings of established research on certain possible personality disorders that may contribute to a minister’s acts and attitudes of wounding a congregation. Special focus is placed on narcissistic, histrionic and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. Finally, practice-theoretical perspectives on guiding future pastors are provided – especially as a means of sensitising them to the possibility of their own approach and behaviour being experienced as negative and that of someone inflicting wounds. In the final instance, the congregant experiencing the wounds as well as the minister inflicting the wounds should still be regarded as objects of God’s saving grace and the pastoral care of the community of faith.
1 Konings 8: verskillende perspektiewe op God se teenwoordigheid
Authors: O’Kennedy D.F.
Published: August 2012

1 Kings 8: Different perspectives on God’s presence 1 Kings 8 is one of the most important chapters in Deuteronomic History. It originated over a long period of time and different authors/redactors were involved in the composition of this chapter. The text of 1 Kings 8 depicts several theological themes and this article focuses on the understanding of divine presence. Different perspectives on God’s presence are portrayed: The ark, temple and cloud as symbols of divine presence; God dwells in heaven; God’s Name is in the temple; God is omnipresent. The greater part of 1 Kings 8 comprises the temple dedication prayer of Solomon (1 Kings 8:22-53). Prayer is the act of worship by which the temple on earth (or the worshipper in the temple) and heaven meet each other.
'Die vrees van die Here' as ’n sentrale begrip in Bybelse wysheidsliteratuur
Authors: Coetzee J.C.J. , Van Deventer H.J.M.
Published: August 2012

'The fear of the Lord' as central concept in biblical wisdom literature This article investigates the issue whether the Old Testament concept “the fear of the Lord” can be viewed as a central concept in wisdom literature from the viewpoint of Old Testament theology. After analysing the concepts that are related to the idea of “the fear of the Lord”, certain criteria that a central concept should comply with are listed. The concept “the fear of the Lord” is subsequently evaluated in accordance with these criteria.
Die kerk en openbare beleidsvorming – ’n praktiese voorstel vir gereformeerde getuienis
Authors: Vorster N.
Published: August 2012

Church and public policy – a practical model for reformed witness The transition to a new constitutional dispensation in South Africa during 1994 has fundamentally changed the relation between church and state. The main differences between the old and new dispensation that have a direct influence on the public role of the church as institution are, inter alia, the following: the change from parliamentary sovereignty to constitutional supremacy, the change from a theocracy to a neutral state, and from a representative form of democracy to a participative form of democracy. The crucial question at this stage is: How should the church as institution fulfil its prophetic task towards society within the new constitutional context? This article attempts to answer the question by focusing on constitutional guarantees of religious rights, main principles for prophetic witness within a neutral state and pluralist society, and existing church structures for public engagement. The hypothesis of this article is that reformed churches should become involved in the legislative processes of the country by establishing a reformed monitoring body of legislation. This will be the most effective way of influencing public policy.
Editorial
Authors: Krüger P.
Published: August 2012

Artikels wat in hierdie uitgawe van In die Skriflig verskyn vloei voort uit navorsing wat in die Fakulteit Teologie van die Noordwes-Universiteit gedoen word.
Die Woord van God – toepaslik preek of toepaslik maak? ’n Homiletiese ondersoek
Authors: Venter C.J.H.
Published: August 2012

The Word of God – made applicably or preached applicably? A homiletical investigation In this article the focus is directed to the homiletical element of application as utilised in sermons. In the course of the discussion that specifically highlights the aspect of applying biblical material to everyday experience, basis-theoretical material is developed. By way of illustration applications in sermons are scrutinised from material taken from Romans 12, Ephesians 4:17-6:9 and Hebrews 11, 12 and 13. It is indicated that although a general application does occur in these chapters, the most obvious phenomenon is that this general application is soon directed to practical elements related to the needs and situation of the congregation. If the application is scrutinised closely it is significant that the application organically originates from the explanation and in this way forms a unity. In view of the established basis-theoretical perspectives the applicability and possible implementation of the so-called “big idea”, as developed by Haddon Robinson and others, is investigated as a possible key to “unlock” the application from the text verses on which the sermon focuses. The “big idea” entails that every pericope (larger thought unit) selected to preach on consists of a subject (theme or topic), and that this subject is supported and motivated more closely by complementary elements. The “big idea” is initially formulat-ed in exegetical terms, but it should also be formulated in homiletical terms while keeping the needs and realities of the congregation in mind. In effect the application begins by formulating the “big idea” concretely. In this way establishing the “big idea” in the relevant text verses chosen to focus the sermon on, is a useful aid in applying the Word concretely.
Christelike identiteit. Augustinus oor geloof, hoop en liefde
Authors: Van Wyk J.H.
Published: August 2012

Christian identity. Augustine on the topic of faith, hope and love Dealing with the topic of Christian identity the author reflects on Augustine’s explanation of the Biblical notions of faith, hope and love. Augustine, the church father of North Africa, argues that there is no love without hope, no hope without love, and neither love nor hope without faith. Without these three (“illa tria"), there can be no Christian identity, no Christian individuality and no Christian community (church).
’n Teologies-etiese perspektief op die beskerming van sosio-ekonomiese regte
Authors: Zwemstra H.M. , Vorster J.M.
Published: August 2012

A theological-ethical perspective on the protection of socio-economic rights In the human rights discourse the question is no longer asked whether human rights must be protected by a constitution, but rather which human rights must be protected by a constitution. The contemporary question is specifically pointed at the issue whether socio-economic rights must be protected by a con-stitution and to what extent. In this article socio-economic rights and their protection are evaluated from a theological-ethical perspective. This approach includes the investigation of certain Biblical themes and parts of Scripture from the Old and New Testament. The findings of this investigation indicate that socio-economic rights are very important human rights that should be protected as effectively as possible.
Godsdiensverskeidenheid, -onverdraagsaamheid en -vryheid. ’n Prinsipiële besinning (1)
Authors: Van der Walt B. J.
Published: August 2012

Religious diversity, intolerance and freedom: A principial reflection (1) This essay as well as a following one attempts to address six interrelated problems – of vital importance for Christians – in contemporary societies: People today live in a world of growing religious diversity and contact in the same country and city. Apart from well-known world religions, this diversity includes different kinds of revived pre-Christian religions as well as brand-new cults. Does the secular model offer a solution for handling the great diversity and mutual contact/conflict among religions? People often do bad things in the name of their religious convictions. How could this kind of intolerance – even violence – be explained? The constitutions of most con- temporary countries guarantee religious freedom. Is this basic human right fully – also structurally – realised? In the follow-up article three issues, closely related to the three previous problems, will be discussed: If religions are legally equal, does it also imply that they are equal in nature, that every one of them can be regarded as true? If Christians reject the principial equality of all religions, in what sense can Christianity be regarded as unique? In the light of the danger of religious conflict, what should be the ground(s) for and the nature of religious tolerance?
Psalm 40 as a Torah psalm
Authors: Styger P. , Steenkamp Y. , Human D. J.
Published: August 2012

This article investigates whether the Gattung of Torah psalm can be added to the current accepted Gattungen of Psalm 40. The characteristics and criteria for Torah-related and wisdom- related concepts and their close interrelationship are discussed. The so-called characteristics of the Wisdom triangle and the Torah triangle are also explained. Psalm 119 as example of a Torah psalm is briefly discussed, indicating the interaction between wisdom-related and Torah-related concepts and identifying the criteria for a Torah psalm. The different words related to the Torah are identified in Psalm 119 and applied to identify other psalms possibly fitting the criteria for a Torah psalm. These psalms are then briefly evaluated – Psalm 40 as possible Torah-psalm in particular. It is concluded that the Gattung of Torah psalm can possibly be added to the current list of Gattungen associated with Psalm 40. The reference to the Torah in Psalm 40 possibly fits Torah-related concepts to a greater extent than wisdom-related concepts. In final instance the conclusion arrived at is that the connotation associated with or the relationship between Torah-related and wisdom-related concepts in post-exilic Israel and its role in the final redaction of the Psalter merits further investigation.
Fokus
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: August 2012

Fokus is ’n rubriek waarin artikels van ’n meer populêr- wetenskaplike aard gepubliseer word. Artikels wat vir hierdie rubriek aan die redaksie voorgelê word, moet voldoen aan dieselfde tegniese vereistes as navorsingsartikels (kyk asseblief die Voorskrifte vir skrywers). Bydraes vir Fokus word aan ’n interne keuringsproses onderwerp en kwalifiseer nie vir subsidie nie.
Prediking wat transformeer – prakties-teologiese gesigspunte
Authors: Venter C. J.H.
Published: August 2012

Preaching that transforms – perspectives from Practical Theology In this article the issues of preaching and transformation are investigated. The aspects of mind, attitude and conduct are focused on as three areas for transformation by means of preaching. As background and at a basis-theoretical level applicable parts from Scripture are scrutinised more closely. The importance of the following aspects is also highlighted: the embedded and biblical meanings attached to preaching and transformation; the implications of a change of mind, attitude and conduct. At the meta-theoretical level attention is directed to the influence of contemporary cultural patterns and the importance of language utilisation in preaching. In this regard the application of metaphors is touched on. From the viewpoint of psychology as discipline the focus is directed to human personality and transformation, as well as to psychological trends in a process of change. The aspect of identification between preacher and hearers as a requirement for transformation is also addressed. Finally a few practice- theoretical viewpoints are stated.
Heinrich Bullinger, political covenantalism and Vermigli’s commentary on Judges
Authors: Raath Andries
Published: August 2012

The Zurich political federalists under the leadership of Heinrich Bullinger had a number of important views in common: firstly, they subscribed to the ideal of the covenanted nation under God; secondly, they maintained the view that magistrates and their subjects have a covenantal calling to live according to God’s law; thirdly, the binding together (consolidation) of the covenanted Christian polity by means of the oath; fourthly, the right to resistance when the conditions of the covenant are broken; fifthly, the offices of magistrates and pastors are mutually to assist one another in maintaining and furthering the conditions and requirements of the Biblical covenant in the consolidated Christian community. Vermigli used these principles, together with the Chrysostomian and Lutheran views on magisterial office, to develop an influential theory of theologico-political federalism in the Reformational tradition.
Die rol van Godskennis in die ontmoetingsgebeure met God in die prediking
Authors: Pieterse H.J.C.
Published: August 2012

The role of knowledge of God in the encounter with God in preaching In an era of modernism and postmodernism homiletics is confronted with the problem of reference to God in preaching. According to current epistemologies we cannot have any knowledge of God that can be defended as true knowledge in the forum of academic discourse. In reformed theological theory, according to Calvin, knowledge of God, knowledge of ourselves in the eyes of God, as well as of salvation in Christ is a sine qua non for an encounter with God in preaching in the context of the worship service. This article proceeds from the theological stance that we can find this knowledge only in Scripture through the work of the Spirit. Recent empirical research in Reformed Churches in the Netherlands has shown that church members attend the services expecting to have an encounter with God. The sermon in this expected encounter is still very important for them. A homiletical theory that works with these presuppositions (knowledge of God) has a further problem. There is a growing Biblical illiteracy in Western societies – also in South Africa. As an answer to this problem the author proposes that the teaching sermon along the lines of Calvin’s position on preaching should get more attention in our day.
Public pastoral leaders: The purpose of theological training
Authors: Nel M. Malan
Published: August 2012

This article is a follow-up of an article in which I attempted to gain insight into the corporate nature of being called to ministry. The mentioned article was also aimed at discerning the specifics of the ministry of the “public pastoral leader”. While the question is even asked whether theological training is necessary at all, I accept, as point of departure, the critical need for such training. What is of more importance is the discernment of what I call in this article the “teleological core” of theological education. I purposefully chose to explore the contributions of a number of well-known scholars who devoted much of their research to this field: Schner, Farley, Wood, Hough and Cobb, Heitink, Van der Ven and a few others. The ultimate finding is that some consensus about the telos of theological education does exist. The nature of the telos is phrased differently, but the different dimensions identified are indeed complementary. Concepts like “vision and discernment”, “critical reflection” “reflective practitioner”, “hermeneutical-communicative com- petence” and others are discussed as they relate to the core research problem. Attention is also given to the necessity of training a “basic pastor” as well as to the importance of “limited specialisation” in theological training.
’n Liturgie van aftrede
Authors: De Klerk B. J. Ben
Published: August 2012

A liturgy of retirement Retirement is one of the largest transitions in the life cycle of the human being. This article investigates the possibility of a liturgy of retirement and its application in practice. As retirement is closely connected to the concept of calling, the visionary calling in Isaiah 6 was investigated intensively. Control of the results was done from the viewpoint of two other visionary callings, Luke 5 and Revelation 1. A cursory metatheoretical literature study, as well as a qualitative empirical investigation, was conducted. A few practical guidelines are suggested in accordance with the finding that a liturgy of retirement should at least contain the following elements: wonder, humiliation, reconciliation, commitment and proclamation.
Editorial
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: August 2012

Hierdie uitgawe van In die Skriflig fokus veral op die breë veld van die Praktiese Teologie
Goeie en slegte engele: ’n perspektief uit die Bybel
Authors: Viljoen F. P. , Floor L.
Published: August 2012

Good and evil angels: a perspective from the Bible During the second half of the 20th century a new interest in the supernatural arose. This can be seen as a reaction to prevailing rationalism and materialism. Together with this the topic of angels has received fresh attention. Attention is also given to satanism, demon possession and exorcism. This article presents a Biblical perspective on the existence and position of angels, good and evil, as a context for a broader research project on demon possession and exorcism.
Christian identity and church unity
Authors: Coetzee C. F.C.
Published: August 2012

After centuries of Christianity the theme of “Christian identity” is still relevant and even more diverse than ever before. In this article this theme is discussed from a Reformed perspective with the focus on a specific ecclesiological facet, that is, the viewpoint of church unity. Christian identity has to do with faith in Christ and a specific view of Scripture – a point of departure as manifested in confessional unity. In accordance with this viewpoint the issue of church unity cannot be discussed without taking into account one’s presuppositions as found in Scripture and the Reformed Confessions. In order to fulfil our calling as churches in obedience to the “last will” of our Lord (John 17), the Confessions should function as the living belief of the churches, and we should strive and pray untiringly for the unity of the church.
Die sosio-historiese en sosio-linguistiese aspekte van die leksikale veranderings van die 1936- en 2001-psalmomdigtings
Authors: Van Helden S. , Coetzee A. E.
Published: August 2012

The socio-historical and socio-linguistic aspects of changes in the lexicon of the 1936 and 2001 rhyming of psalms The singing of the psalms is historically associated with the accuracy of meaning transmitted by Scripture by means of user- friendly language usage. The renewing of an aging language is important for subsequent generations to facilitate meaningful interpretative singing of the psalms. By elimination of the large amount of archaic lexical expressions of the 1936 rhyme from the 2001 version, a clear movement in the reformative religious register of Afrikaans was achieved. The 2001 rhyme accelerates the process of elimination of such archaic and inaccessible words from the register. The movement of inaccessible words and the availability of Afrikaans synonyms to facilitate an effective transfer of meaning in such a new rhyme, were tested according to three social variables. Simplification is the most prominent linguistic force that manifests itself in the 2001 rhyming of the psalms. The psalmographer has used a totally new approach by using a selection of techniques in the 2001 rhyme. Observing the presence of intense change in the most conservative register of a language, that of religion, emphasises the intensity of the social and linguistic powers at work in Afrikaans.