bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative approaches to the organization of physical education of recipients of higher education in quarantine
Authors: Ketova N. , Novikova I.
Published: October 2022

The article considers innovative approaches to the organization of physical education of recipients of higher education in quarantine. The peculiarities of the influence of self-isolation on people's lives are analyzed, including: on the emotional state, the work of the cardiovascular, endocrine system, musculoskeletal system. It is also determined that the preservation of health, physical development and individuality are considered as criteria for the social well-being of society. Modern changes in society require innovative changes in the field of education, which is responsible for preparing people for life. An important and main task of higher education is to form a professional with a high level of competence in the chosen specialty. It is emphasized that in order to increase the effectiveness of activities, program-methodical support of students is recommended. Modernization of students' physical culture in higher education is based on the formation of physical culture of the individual, helps to reveal their physical potential, meet physical needs and develop talents in the education of physical qualities that meet the requirements of future work. It should be noted that among the innovative educational methods, information technologies (business games, trainings, study of typical and atypical situations, etc.) based on mobile learning are becoming popular. It is determined that to increase the effectiveness of activities carried out program and methodological support of students, the essence of which during distance learning and independent physical education of students was primarily to create a program resource of classes consisting of exercises, their dosage, methods of complex health effects. of the body.
Organization of training sessions on small arms
Authors: Lavrentiev Oleksandr , Antonenko Serhii , Butok Olena , Pristinskij Oleksandr , Ilchenko Viacheslav
Published: October 2022

This article discusses the organization of training sessions on applied shooting. Attention is paid to the effect of physical and mental stress on the body of athletes in applied shooting. The practical experience of servicemen and athletes who have skills in handling and use of firearms of different tactical and technical characteristics is analyzed and generalized. Depending on the level of training, the athlete must be able to improve the imagination and technically correct execution of the entire movement from manufacture to shot, the consolidation of this imagination in the complex is ready. When an athlete clearly imagines his actions on the firing line during training, it is easier for him to control his actions in a stressful situation at competitions. To achieve this goal, the athlete must be able to concentrate on their own (team) actions, self-knowledge in the process of training and competition, the ability to control their actions on the firing line despite the actions of the opponent.

So active training takes place a month before the event. Training sessions are organized and conducted in specially designated places: shooting range, shooting ranges, military training grounds, etc. Before training, you need to choose equipment for yourself in accordance with the rules of the competition. Everyone chooses his own equipment and adapts it to certain exercises that will be performed.

The shooter must understand that during the performance of a particular exercise, the target situation may change. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the physical abilities and time of the reaction to the decision of various problems arising during exercise. Conditionally, training can be divided into subgroups: 1 week - studying the provisions of the competition and practice shooting for accuracy without regard to time; Week 2 - practice of shooting exercises with the addition of physical activity and taking into account the time for their implementation; Week 3 - improvement of skills when shooting from a place and in movement taking into account time; Week 4 - summarizing the work done for the entire period and working out control exercises.

The work uses methods of analysis and generalization of scientific, educational and methodological literature, pedagogical observation.
Content of scientific discussion of game sports development in ukraine in the conditions of decentralization
Authors: Lyseiko Kostiantyn , Yatsiv Yaroslav , Pityn Maryan
Published: October 2022

The statement about the popularity of physical culture and sports among the population is generally accepted. Experts determine that the priorities in terms of the classes’ number, psychological and emotional auspiciousness are assigned to game sports. According to practitioners, the most popular and the one that is most in demand sport is football, but in the regional and local context, we should not forget about other popular sports (basketball, volleyball, table tennis, futsal etc.). However, in Ukraine it is possible to testify the emergence of social and economic difficulties, decentralization of management in various spheres of human activity, reduction of budget revenues, the need to attract extra-budgetary funds in the form of financial assistance etc. This certainly applies to the support of playing sports at the national level and representation at major international competitions. At the same time, issues regarding ensure the development of playing sports at the local level have not been the subject of scientific study.Purpose: to find relevant information on the scientific discussion of the development of playing sports in Ukraine in the context of decentralization. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization (study of the scientific and methodical literature content, data of the Internet to establish the level of study of the research problem, clarification of the main aspects of the development of sports games at the local level); analysis of documentary materials (study of the legal documents content of national, regional and local levels). Results. The generalization of the data significant number of studies that devoted to the scientific substantiation of the game sports development made it possible to identify the prerequisites for their emergence and effective functioning at the national, regional and local levels. Among them are the intensification of sports development; increasing the popularity of game sports, mutual transformation of game sports and the system of training athletes (basketball - 3x3 basketball, volleyball - beach volleyball, etc.), involvement of business to the development of sports; promotion of a healthy lifestyle in society; increasing competitiveness and development of commercially attractive game sports.
Impovement of speed and power characteristics of boxers in series of blows of different duration
Authors: Nykytenko Anatolii , Busol Vasyl , Nikitenko Serhii , Schubert Vasyl , Ilnytskyy Ivan , Busol Veronika
Published: October 2022

The research is devoted to the development of effective methodological techniques for improving the speed and power characteristics of boxers` punches in series of blows of different duration. A comparative and correlation analysis between the indices of power and frequency of blows in combinations of different duration in boxers at the stage of specialized basic training as well as the maximum realization of individual capabilities is carried out. Practical recommendations has been developed to increase the speed and force characteristics of boxers in series of blows of different duration. The recommendations are based on the application of compensatory fluctuations between the speed-power characteristics in series of blows. The efficiency of application of the developed methodological techniques to improve the speed and power characteristics of blows in series of different duration of skilled boxers at the stages of preparation for the competition is experimentally verified.
Selection and stage of preparation in martial sports
Authors: Panasiuk O. , Hrebik O. , Kоnovalchuk А. , Khomych А.
Published: October 2022

Sports selection in karate at the stage of initial training is determined by the main task of the first initial stage of selection: to help the child choose the right sport for sports improvement. The correct solution of this problem proves not only the effectiveness of children's sports schools and individual coaches, but also has a very deep social significance. Successful sports, in particular karate, give young people the opportunity to discover their natural talents, to clearly feel the consequences of their work, to gain self-confidence. All this creates a solid foundation for further life and active position in their field. The main role of the coach is to find the talents of young athletes.

Modern research in the field of martial arts is aimed at building a training process that can increase the effectiveness of competitive activities in martial arts.

The main purpose of sports training is to ensure a high level of health of athletes, mastering sports techniques, education of moral and volitional traits, development of physical qualities: strength, speed, agility, endurance and, on this basis, achieving high results in the chosen sport. This whole process should include the educational and training aspect of athletes of any physical training - from beginner to master of sports. All this creates a solid foundation for further training and an active position in the training of highly qualified fighters.
Age features of the functional state of the vestibular sensory system in the pupils of the middle classes with the visual impairments
Authors: Riadova L. O. , Skliarenko V. P , Bondar L. V.
Published: October 2022

Disclosed the role of the functional state of the vestibular sensory system in the development of the children with the visual impairments. It was found that the vestibular analyzer is important in the management of the motor activity, development of the motor qualities, formation of the motor skills and abilities.

Considered the indicators of the functional state of the vestibular sensory system in the pupils of the middle grades with the visual impairments, which were determined and evaluated according to the results of the stability of the vestibular analyzer before and after rotational loads in the Barani chair. The study was conducted on the basis of the municipal institution «Kharkiv special boarding school I–III degrees № 12». It was attended by 117 visually impaired pupils of 5th–10th grades, aged 10–16 years. To achieve the goal of the study, the following methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, physiological methods for the determining the resistance of the vestibular analyzer to rotational loads, methods of the mathematical statistics. A comparison of the results of the stability of the vestibular analyzer before and after rotational loads in the Barani chair in boys and girls of the middle school age with the visual impairments depending on age is presented. It is determined that the resistance of the vestibular analyzer to rotational loads in the Barani chair in the visually impaired pupils of the middle grades improve with age; after rotational loads – in boys they improve, in girls they change in waves.

It is established that the best indicators of the stability of the vestibular analyzer before and after the rotational loads in the Barani chair observed in the pupils of the 10th grade, aged 15–16 years.
Analysis of physical education curricula according to the module "Ski training" in the context of the New Ukrainian School (NUS)
Authors: Koverya Viktoriia , Lysenko Valentyna , Ilnytsky Sergii , Ilnytska Ganna
Published: October 2022

The paper considers the differences between the two curricula related to the invariant and variable components. The aim of the article was to conduct a comparative analysis of physical education curricula in 2017 and 2021, namely the physical education curriculum for secondary schools 5-9 grades (updated) and the model curriculum "Physical Culture. 5-6 grades" for general secondary education institutions in accordance with the variable module "Ski training" in 5th and 6th grades of secondary schools. The methodological approach which was used in the study: the analysis of literature sources and resources of the Internet were used; analysis of domestic experience, method of system analysis, method of grouping, comparison and generalization. Both curricula have a number of differences both in the invariant and in the variable component of the variable module "Ski training" for 5th and 6th grades, in particular it is traced in theoretical information and special physical training, but in technical and tactical training were detected. The advantage of the model curriculum "Physical Culture. 5-6 grades" was the emphasis on the types of educational activities of students, which in a broad sense provides an opportunity to reveal the applied aspects of this program, including the search and creative tasks of students; differentiation and individualization of students in the process of development of basic motor skills by means of ski training; participation of students in competitions and contests; practical performance of movements and exercises by students at different stages of learning; ski games, entertainment and quests; integrated tasks of combining movements and skills at different stages of ski training.
Injuries in sports
Authors: Golovashenko R. , Lavrentiev O. , Krupenya S. , Zverev A. , Derkach O.
Published: October 2022

This article discusses the issues of injuries of any complexity or effects on the athlete's sports activities throughout his career. Injury is a continuous action on the human body of environmental factors (mechanical, physical, chemical, etc.), which lead to a violation of the anatomical integrity of tissues and functional disorders in them. There are the following types of injuries: industrial, domestic, street, transport, sports and military. Acute injuries that occur after strong simultaneous exposure. Chronic - occur after repeated exposure to a harmful factor of low power on a particular part of the body. Injuries may be accompanied by damage to the skin or mucous membranes - these are open injuries (wounds, fractures); can be without damage to the integuments - these are closed injuries (blows, sprains, tears, dislocations, bone fractures), etc. The article provides statistics on injuries in any sports specialization. In order to successfully implement measures to prevent injuries, it is necessary to know the causes and factors that cause them, as well as to provide timely medical care. The author's team conducted an analysis of literary sources. As a result, a questionnaire was formed to find out the circumstances of sports injuries of athletes in any sport. The questionnaire includes 21 questions, which are divided into four subgroups, namely: the concept of injuries and their causes; medicinal components (doctor's intervention or medicines); doping, change of time or climate zones and skin diseases; possible injuries that haunted athletes. The respondents were interviewed in December 2021. The survey involved applicants for higher education in the 2nd year (n = 10 people), 4th year (n = 15 people) of the first bachelor's level, and first-year masters (n = 17 people) in the specialization "Physical Culture and Sports" and representatives of the sports club "Fighting Frog" (n = 19 people). A total of 61 respondents took part in the survey. Also in this group of respondents were representatives of various sports (martial arts, power sports, playing sports, athletics, fitness, dance, etc.), athletes of different qualifications, ages and genders.
Content aspects of vocational and applied physical training of future law enforcement officers by means of health fitness
Authors: Zakharina I.A. , Zakharina А.G. , Martyn P.M.
Published: October 2022

The article examines the use of the CrossFit system as a means of health fitness training in vocational and applied physical training of future law enforcement officers. It was found that CrossFit training complexes should be designed taking into account the level of physical fitness of cadets and must be included in the content of physical training classes for law enforcement officers. CrossFit develops in a balanced way all the components of physical fitness of an individual including cardio-respiratory endurance, performance, strength, flexibility, speed, power, coordination, accuracy, balance, and agility. An experimental program based on cross-fit exercises was presented, which consisted of five blocks. It was pointed out that vocational and applied physical training of law enforcement officers (military officers, firefighters, and officers of various law enforcement agencies) in the United States, Canada, Europe is carried out using health fitness training, in particular the CrossFit system.
The content of physical education of schoolchildren: historical aspects, problems and prospects
Authors: Kruk M. , Bulgakov A. , Kruk A. , Shokhanova K. , Shokhanov O. , Savincheva L.
Published: October 2022

In the context of building the national system of general secondary education, implementation of the Concept "New Ukrainian School", the issue of analysis of the content and objectives of physical culture in curricula and programs of physical education in Ukrainian educational institutions in the Soviet period of history and in the first decades of its independence.

The article presents various aspects of the formation and development of the system of physical education in Ukrainian educational institutions in the Soviet period of our country's history, identifies problems of school physical education in independent Ukraine and outlines prospects for its further development. relations are always a reflection of the general state of development of society, and therefore the specifics of domestic education - is a reflection of the development of the state. That is why the analysis of the educational policy of the state in a certain historical period is logical to conduct in the context of the analysis of socio-political, economic and socio-cultural level of development of the state. In addition, the article analyzes the most important state documents and educational programs on which educational institutions in Ukraine worked in the 20- 80s of the twentieth century, which determined the objectives and content of the school system of physical education in this period of the younger generation in Ukraine at the end of the XX - beginning of the XXI century and outlined their features and, finally, identified problems and possible ways to reform the field of physical education in Ukrainian schools.
Criteria and levels of readiness of cadets of higher military educational institutions specializing in practical shooting for competitive activities
Authors: Samsonov Yuri , Ilchenko Serhii , Markov Oleksandr , Partyko Neonila , Borodin Serhii , Dyachenko Konstantin , Кушнарьов Б. О.
Published: October 2022

Taking into account the results of monitoring of specialized Internet sources, analysis of scientific and methodological (reference) literature, it is established, that the question of determining the criteria, indicators and levels of readiness of applicants for higher education who specialize in practical shooting for competitive activities – insufficient number of scientific and methodical works is devoted, which requires further scientific research and emphasizes the relevance and practical component of the chosen direction of scientific research. The main purpose of the study is to determine the criteria, indicators and levels of readiness of cadets of institutions of the Security and Defense Sector of Ukraine with law enforcement functions that specialize in practical shooting for competitive activities. The following methods were used during the study: abstraction, analysis, deduction, induction; modeling, comparison, synthesis, formalization, etc. As a result of theoretical research, members of the research group identified: criteria (analytical, semantic, motivational), as well as the corresponding indicators; levels (high, sufficient, satisfactory); approaches (activity, complex, personality-oriented, systemic, structural) – formation of readiness of cadets (athletes) of security and defense sector institutions of Ukraine with law enforcement functions that specialize in practical shooting for competitive (professional) activities.
Protective Effect of 3-Benzoyl-7-Hydroxy Coumarin on Lipid Peroxidation and Minerals on Rat Liver Tissues Induced Oxidative Stress with Lead Acetate
Authors: ÇİTİL Cihan
Published: October 2022

Lead is a toxic substance and damages human metabolism. Coumarin-derived substances have many effects such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial ones. In this study, the effects of 3-benzoyl-7-hydroxy coumarin on rat liver tissues under oxidative stress with lead acetate were investigated. In the study, rats were divided into 4 groups. Control group (K), Coumarin group (KUM), Lead acetate group (P) and Coumarin+Lead acetate group (KUMP) groups were formed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) levels were determined in the liver tissues of the rats. MDA level of P group increased compared to the other groups. A decrease was observed in the KUMP group compared to the P group MDA level. While the Pb and Fe levels of the P group increased compared to the K group, the Pb and Fe levels of the KUMP group decreased compared to the P group. As a result, it is concluded that the 3-benzoyl-7-hydroxy coumarin molecule protects the high lipid peroxidation, lead, and iron metabolism caused by lead acetate in the liver.
Cleome quinquenervia (Cleomaceae): A New Plant Record for the Flora of Türkiye
Authors: BALOS Mehmet Maruf
Published: October 2022

In this article, Cleome quinquenervia (Cleomaceae) species is reported as a new record for the flora of Turkey based on the samples collected from Şanlıurfa, Mardin, and Adıyaman provinces. A detailed description and particular photographs of this species are given based on the large number of specimens collected. The meticulous comparison of the descriptions of the C. quinquenervia species and the information obtained in this study were made by examining the floras of the nearby countries. In addition, the systematical, ethnobotanical, and pharmacological features of the genus Cleome are summarized.
Valuable recycling of LCD/OLED cullet/waste glass
Authors: Kim Kicheol , Seo Kwanhee , Kim Kidong
Published: October 2022

Common soda lime silicate waste glass generated from the bottle manufacturing, building, and automobile industries contributes to saving of production cost and CO2 emission in glass industry. There is another type of waste glass recently emerged, namely, display waste glass derived from LCD and OLED industry. There are three main sources where the waste glass is generated: 1) LCD/OLED glass manufacturers, 2) LCD/OLED panel manufacturers and 3) end-of-life LCD/OELD devices. Both first and second sources are the onsite manufacturing of LCD/OLED glass or panels in four Asian countries. Whereas, the third one is anywhere LCD/OLED devices are used. Therefore, the disposal of the end LCD/OLED waste glass from the third source is not a local but a global issue. In the present paper, the recycling possibility of such waste glass is reviewed based on literatures and their results are discussed from the viewpoint of valuable recycling.
Controlling the Thermal and Rheological Properties of Silicate Glasses for Development of Advanced Mold Flux Systems
Authors: Cho Jung-Wook
Published: October 2022

Development of the advanced mold flux is always mandatory to enhance both the quality and productivity of continuous casting of steels. Especially, the increasing demands for high alloy steels production and high speed casting reveals serious contradiction between two principal functions of mold flux: lubrication and controlling heat transfer. In order to overcome this problematic needs, some innovative research activities are being carried out. MAE (Mixed Alkali Effect) has been examined in alumino-borosilicate-based mold system to stabilize alkali cation and aluminum association, which enables chemically stable glassy mold flux film during casting of high alloy steels. Non-Newtonian mold fluxes could be developed by addition of Si3N4 or SiC due to the increase of stiffness of polymeric structure, which would be beneficial to satisfy the contradictory requirements of viscosity at mold top surface and mold wall. Some innovative ideas for controlling mold heat transfer without deteriorating the lubrication have been examined by dispersion of nano-size metallic particles and by modification of prenucleation motif. All these trials are closely related with glass science and engineering. Therefore, it should be highly beneficial to enhance the collaborative research activities between glass and metallurgy society for further development of advanced functional mold flux systems.
Unruly Tramscapes
Authors: Finch Jason
Published: October 2022

This article reappraises tramway closures in 1930s London by reading enthusiast memoirs of the events surrounding them. Literary representations in forms such as the novel and poetry of urban public transport experience often overlook experiences in peripheral urban zones and on modes such as the tramway which had a chiefly working-class ridership. Building a perspective around London’s tramscapes, and by practicing Deep Locational Criticism as part of a characteristically “humanities” mode, temporally focused, in mobility studies, the article reveals contestations including acts of disorder surrounding the closure events, deploying those in a rereading of mid-twentieth-century British history more broadly. The 1930s North London suburbs emerge through a reading of George Atkins’s account of 1938 closure events as sites of carnivalesque disorder and other bottom-up transport-focused activity, including the formation of enthusiast groups. This group of practices opposed the extremely top-down transport planning of the post-1933 London Passenger Transport Board’s management.
Unruly Landscapes of a Diasporic Return
Authors: Toivanen Anna-Leena
Published: October 2022

Juillet au pays: Chroniques d’un retour à Madagascar (“July in the Country: Chronicles of a Return to Madagascar,” 2007) narrates the “homecoming” of the diasporic author Michèle Rakotoson after several years of absence. Applying a literary mobility studies perspective and contributing to the dialogue between mobilities research and postcolonial literary studies, this article analyzes how Rakotoson’s return travelogue constructs Madagascan landscapes through the interplay of mobility and memory. The article focuses on the text’s representations of mobility practices and how different means of transport affect the returnee’s impressions of the “homely” landscapes and her own positioning with respect to them. While different mobility practices and modes of transport and their intertwinement with personal/collective memories allow for diverse perspectives on the former home, the landscapes of return remain unruly: they are mobile not only because observed while in movement, but also because their present meanings escape from the returnee.
Flipped Classroom Approach To Enhance Student's Academic Performance At The University Level: Teacher's Perspective
Authors: Shahzadi Asma , Shahzadi Shazia , Munir Naureen
Published: October 2022

One instructional strategy that is getting popularity is known as the "flipped classroom paradigm of learning." In this pattern, lectures and other activities that would normally take place in the classroom, such as demonstrations, are carried out at the students' homes. On the other hand,activities that would normally be carried out outside of the classroom are carried out in the classroom.There is a scarcity of evidence on the efficacy of this instructional technique at present. The purpose of this survey was to add to the expanding body of evidence regarding the flipped classroom model of education by investigating how pre service instructors perceive the model as well as how it affects the academic performance of students. When comparing the flipped model to the traditional approach, we found that the conventional method produced significantly better results in terms of academic achievement. In addition to this, we came up with several possible elements that have an influence.
Predictors of surgical site infection in glioblastoma patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor resection
Authors: Nair Sumil K. , Botros David , Chakravarti Sachiv , Mao Yuncong , Wu Esther , Lu Brian , Liu Sophie , Elshareif Mazin , Jackson Christopher M. , Gallia Gary L. , Bettegowda Chetan , Weingart Jon , Brem Henry , Mukherjee Debraj
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

Surgical site infections (SSIs) burden patients and healthcare systems, often requiring additional intervention. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between preoperative predictors inclusive of scalp incision type and postoperative SSI following glioblastoma resection.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed cases of glioblastoma resection performed at their institution from December 2006 to December 2019 and noted preoperative demographic and clinical presentations, excluding patients missing these data. Preoperative nutritional indices were available for a subset of cases. Scalp incisions were categorized as linear/curvilinear, reverse question mark, trapdoor, or frontotemporal. Patients were dichotomized by SSI incidence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine predictors of SSI.

RESULTS

A total of 911 cases of glioblastoma resection were identified, 30 (3.3%) of which demonstrated postoperative SSI. There were no significant differences in preoperative malnutrition or number of surgeries between SSI and non-SSI cases. The SSI cases had a significantly lower preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) than the non-SSI cases (63.0 vs 75.1, p < 0.0001), were more likely to have prior radiation history (43.3% vs 26.4%, p = 0.042), and were more likely to have received steroids both preoperatively and postoperatively (83.3% vs 54.5%, p = 0.002). Linear/curvilinear incisions were more common in non-SSI than in SSI cases (56.9% vs 30.0%, p = 0.004). Trapdoor scalp incisions were more frequent in SSI than non-SSI cases (43.3% vs 24.2%, p = 0.012). On multivariable analysis, a lower preoperative KPS (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.06), a trapdoor scalp incision (OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.37–8.49), and combined preoperative and postoperative steroid administration (OR 3.52, 95% CI 1.41–10.7) were independently associated with an elevated risk of postoperative SSI.

CONCLUSIONS

The study findings indicated that SSI risk following craniotomy for glioblastoma resection may be elevated in patients with a low preoperative KPS, a trapdoor scalp incision during surgery, and steroid treatment both preoperatively and postoperatively. These data may help guide future operative decision-making for these patients.
Multidisciplinary management of patients with non–small cell lung cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era
Authors: Chen Kuan-Yu , Wu Shang-Gin , Lai Dar-Ming , Kuo Lu-Ting , Huang Abel Po-Hao
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a challenging scenario in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Considering that outcomes of treatment modalities stratified by LM chronological patterns related to brain metastasis (BM) are lacking, the aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes and explore prognostic factors.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively collected data of patients with NSCLC undergoing Ommaya reservoir implantation, ventriculoperitoneal shunt implantation, or lumboperitoneal shunt implantation. Based on radiographic findings and time from diagnosis of NSCLC to LM, the authors divided them into subtypes of LM as follows: LM without BM; LM concurrent with BM; or LM after BM. The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze overall survival (OS) and multivariate Cox regression for prognostic factors.

RESULTS

Sixty-one patients with LM were included, with a median OS of 8.1 (range 0.2–70.0) months. Forty-three (70.5%) patients had EGFR-mutant disease. Forty-two (68.9%) patients had 19-del or L858R mutation, and one (1.6%) patient had G719A mutation. Fifty-seven (93.4%) patients had hydrocephalus. Twenty-one (34.4%) patients received whole-brain radiotherapy before LM diagnosis, 3 (4.9%) patients underwent operation for BMs before LM diagnosis, and 42 (68.9%) patients received EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy before LM diagnosis. Eleven patients were treated with chemotherapy, 10 patients were treated with TKIs, and 32 patients were treated with chemotherapy combined with TKIs before LM diagnosis. Patients with LM after BM had lower Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scores (KPS score 50) than did those with LM without BM (KPS score 80) or LM concurrent with BM (KPS score 70; p = 0.003). More patients with LM after BM received intrathecal methotrexate than in the other subgroups (p < 0.001). The median OS was significantly shorter in the LM after BM than in the concurrent LM and BM and the LM without BM subgroups (5.4 vs 5.5 vs 11.6 months; p = 0.019). Cox regression revealed that a KPS score ≥ 70 (HR 0.51; p = 0.027) and shunt implantation (HR 0.41; p = 0.032) were favorable prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with NSCLC who had LM without BM had better survival outcomes (11.6 months) compared with those who had LM after BM or concurrent LM and BM. Aggressive shunt implantation may be favored for LM.
Evaluating syntactic comprehension during awake intraoperative cortical stimulation mapping
Authors: Riva Marco , Wilson Stephen M. , Cai Ruofan , Castellano Antonella , Jordan Kesshi M. , Henry Roland G. , Gorno Tempini Maria Luisa , Berger Mitchel S. , Chang Edward F.
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

Electrocortical stimulation mapping (ECS) is widely used to identify essential language areas, but sentence-level processing has rarely been investigated.

METHODS

While undergoing awake surgery in the dominant left hemisphere, 6 subjects were asked to comprehend sentences varying in their demands on syntactic processing.

RESULTS

In all 6 subjects, stimulation of the inferior frontal gyrus disrupted comprehension of passive sentences, which critically depend on syntactic processing to correctly assign grammatical roles, without disrupting comprehension of simpler tasks. In 4 of the 6 subjects, these sites were localized to the pars opercularis. Sentence comprehension was also disrupted by stimulation of other perisylvian sites, but in a more variable manner.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that there may be language regions that differentially contribute to sentence processing and which therefore are best identified using sentence-level tasks. The functional consequences of resecting these sites remain to be investigated.
Microsurgical clipping and endovascular management of unruptured anterior circulation aneurysms: how age, frailty, and comorbidity indexes influence outcomes
Authors: Kandregula Sandeep , Savardekar Amey R. , Terrell Danielle , Adeeb Nimer , Whipple Stephen , Beyl Robbie , Birk Harjus S. , Newman William Christopher , Kosty Jennifer , Cuellar Hugo , Guthikonda Bharat
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

Frailty is one of the important factors in predicting the outcomes of surgery. Many surgical specialties have adopted a frailty assessment in the preoperative period for prognostication; however, there are limited data on the effects of frailty on the outcomes of cerebral aneurysms. The object of this study was to find the effect of frailty on the surgical outcomes of anterior circulation unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) and compare the frailty index with other comorbidity indexes.

METHODS

A retrospective study was performed utilizing the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016–2018). The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) was used to assess frailty. On the basis of the HFRS, the whole cohort was divided into low-risk (0–5), intermediate-risk (> 5 to 15), and high-risk (> 15) frailty groups. The analyzed outcomes were nonhome discharge, complication rate, extended length of stay, and in-hospital mortality.

RESULTS

In total, 37,685 patients were included in the analysis, 5820 of whom had undergone open surgical clipping and 31,865 of whom had undergone endovascular management. Mean age was higher in the high-risk frailty group than in the low-risk group for both clipping (63 vs 55.4 years) and coiling (64.6 vs 57.9 years). The complication rate for open surgical clipping in the high-risk frailty group was 56.1% compared to 0.8% in the low-risk group. Similarly, for endovascular management, the complication rate was 60.6% in the high-risk group compared to 0.3% in the low-risk group. Nonhome discharges were more common in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group for both open clipping (87.8% vs 19.7%) and endovascular management (73.1% vs 4.4%). Mean hospital charges for clipping were $341,379 in the high-risk group compared to $116,892 in the low-risk group. Mean hospital charges for coiling were $392,861 in the high-risk frailty group and $125,336 in the low-risk group. Extended length of stay occurred more frequently in the high-risk frailty group than in the low-risk group for both clipping (82.9% vs 10.7%) and coiling (94.2% vs 12.7%). Frailty had higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values than those for other comorbidity indexes and age in predicting outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Frailty affects surgical outcomes significantly and outperforms age and other comorbidity indexes in predicting outcome. It is imperative to include frailty assessment in preoperative planning.
Endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for planum sphenoidale versus tuberculum sellae meningiomas
Authors: Henderson Fraser , Youngerman Brett E. , Niogi Sumit N. , Alexander Tyler , Tabaee Abtin , Kacker Ashutosh , Anand Vijay K. , Schwartz Theodore H.
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine if the distinction between planum sphenoidale (PS) and tuberculum sellae (TS) meningiomas is clinically meaningful and impacts the results of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA).

METHODS

A consecutive series of patients who were 18 years of age or older and underwent EEA for newly diagnosed grade I PS meningiomas (PSMs) and TS meningiomas (TSMs) between October 2007 and May 2021 were included. The PS and TS were distinguished by drawing a line passing through the center of the TS and perpendicular to the PS on postcontrast T1-weighted MRI. Probabilistic heatmaps were created to display the actual distribution of tumor volumes. Tumor volume, extent of resection (EOR), visual outcome, and complications were assessed.

RESULTS

The 47 tumors were distributed in a smooth continuum. Using an arbitrary definition, 24 (51%) were PSMs and 23 (49%) were TSMs. The mean volume of PSMs was 5.6 cm3 compared with 4.5 cm3 for TSMs. Canal invasion was present in 87.5% of PSMs and 52% of TSMs. GTR was achieved in 38 (84%) of 45 cases in which it was the goal, slightly less frequently for PSMs (78%) compared with TSMs (91%), although the difference was not significant. Th mean EOR was 99% ± 2% for PSMs and 98% ± 11% for TSMs. Neither the suprasellar notch angle nor the percentage of tumor above the PS impacted the rate of GTR. After a median follow-up of 28.5 months (range 0.1–131 months), there were 2 (5%) recurrences after GTR (n = 38) both of which occurred in patients with PSMs. Forty-two (89%) patients presented with preoperative impaired vision. Postoperative vision was stable or improved in 96% of patients with PSMs and 91% of patients with TSMs. CSF leakage occurred in 4 (16.6%) patients with a PSM, which resolved with only lumbar drainage, and in 1 (4.3%) patient with a TSM, which required reoperation.

CONCLUSIONS

PSM and TSMs arise in a smooth distribution, making the distinction arbitrary. Those classified as PSMs were larger and more likely to invade the optic canals. Surgical outcome for both locations was similar, slightly favoring TSMs. The arbitrary distinction between PSMs and TSMs is less useful at predicting outcome than the lateral extent of the tumor, regardless of the site of origin.
Automatisierte Erkennung von Stimme, Sprache und Gesicht
Authors: Karaboga Murat , Frei Nula , Ebbers Frank , Rovelli Sophia , Friedewald Michael , Runge Greta
Published: October 2022

Technologien zur Stimm-, Sprach- und Gesichtserkennung werden im Alltag bereits angewendet. Etwa in smarten Lautsprechern, die auf Kommando die gewünschte Musik abspielen oder Nutzerfragen beantworten, durch Strafverfolger zur Suche nach dem Gesicht von Verdächtigen in Videomaterial oder bei Bankkunden, die am Telefon anhand ihrer Stimme identifiziert werden. Diese Technologien versprechen, den Alltag ihrer Nutzerinnen und Nutzer zu vereinfachen, ihnen frühzeitige Hinweise auf Krankheiten zu geben und der Polizei neue Möglichkeiten bei der Verbrechensbekämpfung zu eröffnen. Dabei ist gar nicht sicher, wie zuverlässig sie funktionieren und ob sie mit geltendem Recht in Einklang stehen. Hinzu kommen umstrittene Nutzungen, etwa die Möglichkeit, auf den Gesundheitszustand, Emotionen und Gewohnheiten einer Person zu schliessen. In dieser Studie werden zahlreiche Anwendungen aus technischer, rechtlicher und ethischer Sicht untersucht und daraus Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet. Wie kann die Technologie verantwortungsbewusst eingesetzt werden, und wo wäre ein Verbot sinnvoll? Die Diskussion über Stimm-, Sprach- und Gesichtserkennung ist in vollem Gang, die Studie bietet dazu fundierte Orientierung.
Homogenization of elliptic PDE with L1 source term in domains with boundary having very general oscillations
Authors: Nandakumaran A.K. , Sufian Abu , Thazhathethil Renjith
Published: October 2022

In the present article, we study the homogenization of a second-order elliptic PDE with oscillating coefficients in two different domains, namely a standard rectangular domain with very general oscillations and a circular type oscillating domain. Further, we consider the source term in [Formula: see text] and hence the solutions are interpreted as renormalized solutions. In the first domain, oscillations are in horizontal directions, while that of the second one is in the angular direction. To take into account the type of oscillations, we have used two different types of unfolding operators and have studied the asymptotic behavior of the renormalized solution of a second-order linear elliptic PDE with a source term in [Formula: see text]. In fact, we begin our study in oscillatory circular domain with oscillating coefficients and [Formula: see text] data which is also new in the literature. We also prove relevant strong convergence (corrector) results. We present the complete details in the context of circular domains, and sketch the proof in other domain.
An upper bound for the number of chess diagrams without promotion
Authors: Gourion Daniel
Published: October 2022

In 2015, Steinerberger showed that the number of legal chess diagrams without promotion is bounded from above by 2 × 10 40 . This number was obtained by restricting both bishops and pawns position and by a precise bound when no chessman has been captured. We improve this estimate and show that the number of legal diagrams is less than 4 × 10 37 . To achieve this, we define a graph on the set of diagrams and a notion of class of pawn arrangements, leading to a method for bounding pawn positions with any number of men on the board.
Validation and Comparison of the Informant-Rated and Self-Rated Versions of the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist
Authors: Chen Ting-Hsiang , Yeh Yi-Chun , Huang Mei-Feng , Chen Hui-Mei , Lee Jia-In , Chen Cheng-Sheng
Published: October 2022

Background: The Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C) has been developed to assess mild behavioral impairment (MBI). However, no study has validated the use of MBI-C using a promising translation method in Taiwan. Thus, consistency and discrepancy between informant-rated and self-rated scores have not been extensively researched. Objective: This study validated and compared the informant- and self-rated versions of the MBI-C among community-dwelling people in Taiwan. Method: We recruited 202 pairs of individuals without dementia aged ≥50 years and their cohabitating informants. The participants completed the MBI-C (MBI-C-self), and the informants completed the MBI-C (MBI-C-informant) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) independently. Internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and convergent validity were examined. Results: Both MBI-C-self and MBI-C-informant exhibited satisfactory Cronbach’s α values (0.92 and 0.88, respectively). The MBI-C-informant total scorewas correlated with the NPI-Q total score (r = 0.83, p < 0.001). Inter-rater reliability between the two versions, as represented by the inter-rater correlation coefficient, was 0.57 (p < 0.001). The prevalence of MBI based on the MBI-C-informant scores was 1.5% higher than that based on the MBI-C-self scores according to the suggested cut-off score of 8.5. The affective dysregulation domain score of MBI-C-informant was significantly lower than that of MBI-C-self. Conclusion: MBI-C-informant exhibited both high reliability and validity. Discrepancies between MBI-C-informant and MBI-C-self related to the detection rates and affective dysregulation domain scores were noted. The level of consistency and discrepancy between these two versions provide implications for the use of MBI-C in clinical practice and future research.
Cerebrospinal Fluid sTREM2 in Alzheimer’s Disease Is Associated with Both Amyloid and Tau Pathologies but not with Cognitive Status
Authors: Li Tao-Ran ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Lyu Di-Yang , Liu Feng-Qi
Published: October 2022

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) is considered a biomarker of microglial activation. The relationships between CSF sTREM2 levels and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) CSF core biomarkers, cognitive status, and neurodegeneration remain unclear. Objective: To assess the association between CSF sTREM2 levels and AD progression and other AD hallmarks. Methods: Using the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database, we investigated 1,035 participants, including 310 cognitively normal controls, 527 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 198 patients with dementia. They were grouped according to CSF pathology (A/T profile) severity. CSF sTREM2 levels were compared between the groups, and linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the factors affecting sTREM2 levels. The predictive effectiveness of sTREM2 levels was tested, and the correlation with other indicators was explored. The increase rate was assessed using linear mixed-effects models. Results: Higher CSF sTREM2 levels were associated with older age as well as higher CSF p-tau or t-tau and amyloid-β levels (all p < 0.001), but not with cognitive status. sTREM2 levels were not correlated with the baseline or longitudinal scale and neuroimaging result changes, and could not predict clinical conversion, but were correlated with multiple non-amyloid-β and non-tau CSF cytokines related to inflammation and neurodegeneration (p < 0.0001). The increased sTREM2 expression rate did not change among groups. Conclusion: CSF sTREM2 levels were jointly determined by age, amyloid-β, and tau pathologies, leading to complex AD cognitive continuum changes. Although sTREM2 levels could not predict cognitive deterioration and neurodegeneration, they could reflect the microglial state as a non-specific biomarker.