bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colonic Transit Time and Gut Peptides in Adult Patients with Slow and Normal Colonic Transit Constipation
Authors: Riezzo Giuseppe , Chimienti Guglielmina , Clemente Caterina , D’Attoma Benedetta , Orlando Antonella , Mammone Rinaldi Caterina , Russo Francesco
Published: September 2017

Purpose. To investigate whether pathophysiological differences exist among healthy controls (HC) and patients with slow and normal transit constipation (STC and NTC), we evaluated (1) gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms using validated questionnaires; (2) circulating concentrations of neurotensin, motilin, corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), and somatostatin; and (3) possible differences in frequency distribution of the neurotensin rs1800832 A/G and Neurotensin Receptor 1 rs6090453 C/G SNPs. Methods. Fifty-one patients with severe functional constipation and 20 HC completed the study. Symptoms were evaluated by GSRS and Constipaq scoring system. Plasma concentrations of GI peptides were evaluated by ELISA on fasting and six sequential blood samples after a standard meal. Genotyping was performed by PCR and endonuclease digestion. Results. Symptom profiles largely overlapped between NTC and STC patients. As for peptide profiles, neurotensin showed lower concentrations at 60 and 90 min in STC versus HC, and motilin showed throughout the curve 85% and 82% lower levels in STC than HC and NTC, respectively. Finally, neurotensin polymorphism resulted in being associated with the peptide levels. Conclusions. Symptom profile is not a reliable tool to discriminate STC, whilst the GI peptide profiles might help in identifying it.
A comparison of narrative skill in Spanish-English bilinguals and their functionally monolingual Spanish-speaking and English-only peers
Authors: Gámez Perla B , González Dahlia
Published: September 2017

Purpose:

The Spanish and English narrative skills of young (mean age = 5.65 years) Spanish-English bilinguals were compared to functionally monolingual Spanish and English-only speakers’ narrative skills, respectively ( n = 63).

Method:

Spanish and English oral retellings, elicited at the beginning and end of the kindergarten year, were transcribed and coded in terms of discourse- (story structure complexity), semantic- (word diversity) and grammatical-level (lexical and grammatical errors, revisions) skills.

Data and analysis:

Repeated measures ANOVAs, with Time (beginning-, end-of-year) and Language Status (bilingual and either functionally monolingual Spanish or English monolingual) or Language (English, Spanish) as factors, were used to compare children’s narratives in terms of story structure complexity, word diversity, errors and revisions. Pearson correlations examined the relation of revisions to word diversity and errors.

Results:

Time comparisons revealed significant gains in story structure complexity, with no statistically significant difference between bilinguals’ and monolinguals’ complexity scores. Bilinguals’ stories were also not different between English and Spanish. Yet, bilinguals included more errors in English than did English monolinguals, while engaging in a comparable number of revisions. Moreover, despite comparable error rates with Spanish monolinguals, bilinguals included more lexical and grammatical revisions in Spanish. Revisions and word diversity were positively correlated; no relation was found between revisions and errors.

Conclusions:

The relative differences in revisions between bilinguals’ and Spanish monolinguals’ narratives, versus English monolinguals’, highlight the linguistic strengths of bilinguals. In particular, bilinguals’ tendency to engage in revisions as they attempt to increase their language complexity, suggests that revisions require advanced linguistic knowledge, not language uncertainty.

Originality:

The children in this study were considered language minority learners in the United States. Moving past accounts of minority learners’ “low” performance on oral language and reading comprehension, our study findings reveal evidence of “advanced” linguistic knowledge for bilingual speakers.
RUNX1 regulates site specificity of DNA demethylation by recruitment of DNA demethylation machineries in hematopoietic cells
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Shimizu Yuri , Furuhata Erina , Maeda Shiori , Kishima Mami , Nishimura Hajime , Enomoto Saaya , Hayashizaki Yoshihide , Suzuki Harukazu
Published: September 2017

Key Points

Ectopic expression of RUNX1 induces binding site–directed DNA demethylation, in which hematopoietic gene promoters are included. RUNX1 binding sites are enriched in demethylated regions during hematopoietic development.
Evaluating disease severity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Robbie Hasti , Daccord Cécile , Chua Felix , Devaraj Anand
Published: September 2017

Accurate assessment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) disease severity is integral to the care provided to patients with IPF. However, to date, there are no generally accepted or validated staging systems. There is an abundance of data on using information acquired from physiological, radiological and pathological parameters, in isolation or in combination, to assess disease severity in IPF. Recently, there has been interest in using serum biomarkers and computed tomography-derived quantitative lung fibrosis measures to stage disease severity in IPF. This review will focus on the suggested methods for staging IPF, at baseline and on serial assessment, their strengths and limitations, as well as future developments.
A new panel of epitope mapped monoclonal antibodies recognising the prototypical tetraspanin CD81
Authors: Grove Joe , Hu Ke , Farquhar Michelle J. , Goodall Margaret , Walker Lucas , Jamshad Mohammed , Drummer Heidi E. , Bill Roslyn M. , Balfe Peter , McKeating Jane A.
Published: September 2017

Background:Tetraspanins are small transmembrane proteins, found in all higher eukaryotes, that compartmentalize cellular membranes through interactions with partner proteins. CD81 is a prototypical tetraspanin and contributes to numerous physiological and pathological processes, including acting as a critical entry receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Antibody engagement of tetraspanins can induce a variety of effects, including actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, activation of MAPK-ERK signaling and cell migration. However, the epitope specificity of most anti-tetraspanin antibodies is not known, limiting mechanistic interpretation of these studies.

Methods:We generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for CD81 second extracellular domain (EC2) and performed detailed epitope mapping with a panel of CD81 mutants. All mAbs were screened for their ability to inhibit HCV infection and E2-CD81 association. Nanoscale distribution of cell surface CD81 was investigated by scanning electron microscopy.

Results:The antibodies were classified in two epitope groups targeting opposing sides of EC2. We observed a wide range of anti-HCV potencies that were independent of their epitope grouping, but associated with their relative affinity for cell-surface expressed CD81. Scanning electron microscopy identified at least two populations of CD81; monodisperse and higher-order assemblies, consistent with tetraspanin-enriched microdomains.

Conclusions:These novel antibodies provide well-characterised tools to investigate CD81 function, including HCV entry, and have the potential to provide insights into tetraspanin biology in general.
How Greek nurses perceive and overcome the barriers in implementing treatment for pressure ulcers: ‘against the odds’
Authors: Kaba E. , Kelesi M. , Stavropoulou A. , Moustakas D. , Fasoi G.
Published: September 2017

Objective:

Although the occurrence of pressure ulcers (PUs) is now considered as an indicator of poor quality nursing care, questions and concerns remain regarding situations where PUs were unavoidable, irrespective of the care provided. The aim of this study was to explore Greek nurses' perceptions about the barriers involved and to identify the factors that influence care planning in PU treatment.

Method:

A grounded theory approach was used and semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses who provided pressure care to clients in a rehabilitation centre in Greece. Data were analysed using the constant comparative method.

Results:

We interviewed seven nurses. Findings revealed one main category entitled ‘anarchy’ in delivery of care consisted of the following three subcategories: interdisciplinary conflicts; total trust in traditional knowledge; and devaluation of other's work/role and a core category ‘Against the odds’: the perceived value of prevention and treatment can overcome the barriers in treating PUs.

Conclusion:

This study gives an overview of the views and beliefs of nurses about the problems and barriers involved in PU prevention and treatment. The study reveals that although some barriers to good practice may exist, nurses can hold a positive attitude toward PU prevention and treatment, and their perceived value of prevention and treatment may help nurses to overcome the barriers in managing PUs.
ENVIRONMENTAL, DEMOGRAPHIC, AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CORRELATES OF ACCESS TO IMPROVED SANITATION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PAPUA AND WEST PAPUA PROVINCES
Authors: Irianti Sri , Prasetyoputra Puguh
Published: September 2017

Papua and West Papua provinces are two of many lagging provinces in Indonesia in terms of access to adequate sanitation. Hence, this paper aims to reveal determinants of access to improved sanitation by investigating the environmental, demographic, and socio-economic correlation in both provinces. Data from the 2011 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) were used to determine the demographic and socio-economic correlates of households access to improved sanitation facilities. Probit regression models were fitted to the data. The results suggest that district, place or residence, type and location of household water source, household size, age of household head, education of household head, and household wealth have significant correlation with access to improved sanitation. These corroborate previous findings and more importantly, it can be used to inform policy makers in Indonesia especially in Papua and West Papua Provinces.
Fiber-based architecture for NFV cloud databases
Authors: Gasiunas Vaidas , Dominguez-Sal David , Acker Ralph , Avitzur Aharon , Bronshtein Ilan , Chen Rushan , Ginot Eli , Martinez-Bazan Norbert , Müller Michael , Nozdrin Alexander , Ou Weijie , Pachter Nir , Sivov Dima , Levy Eliezer
Published: September 2017

The telco industry is gradually shifting from using monolithic software packages deployed on custom hardware to using modular virtualized software functions deployed on cloudified data centers using commodity hardware. This transformation is referred to as Network Function Virtualization (NFV). The scalability of the databases (DBs) underlying the virtual network functions is the cornerstone for reaping the benefits from the NFV transformation. This paper presents an industrial experience of applying shared-nothing techniques in order to achieve the scalability of a DB in an NFV setup. The special combination of requirements in NFV DBs are not easily met with conventional execution models. Therefore, we designed a special shared-nothing architecture that is based on cooperative multi-tasking using user-level threads (fibers). We further show that the fiber-based approach outperforms the approach built using conventional multi-threading and meets the variable deployment needs of the NFV transformation. Furthermore, fibers yield a simpler-to-maintain software and enable controlling a trade-off between long-duration computations and real-time requests.
Explaining and querying knowledge graphs by relatedness
Authors: Fionda Valeria , Pirrò Giuseppe
Published: September 2017

We demonstrate RECAP, a tool that
explains relatedness
between entities in Knowledge Graphs (KGs) and implements a
query by relatedness
paradigm that allows to retrieve entities related to those in input. One of the peculiarities of RECAP is that it does not require any data preprocessing and can combine knowledge from multiple KGs. The underlying algorithmic techniques are reduced to the execution of SPARQL queries plus some local refinement. This makes the tool readily available on a large variety of KGs accessible via SPARQL endpoints. To show the general applicability of the tool, we will cover a set of use cases drawn from a variety of knowledge domains (e.g., biology, movies, co-authorship networks) and report on the concrete usage of RECAP in the SENSE4US FP7 project. We will underline the technical aspects of the system and give details on its implementation. The target audience of the demo includes both researchers and practitioners and aims at reporting on the benefits of RECAP in practical knowledge discovery applications.
The Library and the Cloud: Digital News Production and Preservation
Authors: Reilly Bernard F.
Published: September 2017

In the past, in an analog world, libraries—to meet their informational responsibilities—preserved newspapers in analog form and on microfilm. With the emergence of digital technologies, preservation has evolved, and so has the creation of news. These evolutions have challenged libraries to meet their old (and ongoing) responsibilities, and they have faced this challenge by continuing to think of news in the old way: as a commodity to be captured and stored as they have always done it, by themselves, in traditional ways. Today news is not as static as it once was: a version produced for a morning audience; another, modified, for an afternoon or evening audience; each discrete and preservable by itself. News is fluid: it is created and grows as it emerges; and the news media let the information evolve as it evolves in real time. Capturing and preserving this new kind of resource forces libraries and other news-preservation agencies to rethink the old models of operation. Preservation of the news should be done with a new model of cooperation, as the present essay explains.
Eine Chance für systemische Bildung – Die Bedeutung der Eltern für religiöse Erfahrungen von Konfirmandinnen und Konfirmanden und Konsequenzen für die kirchliche Elternbildungsarbeit
Authors: Schlag Thomas
Published: September 2017

Die Konfirmationszeit kann im jeweiligen familiären System eine Vielzahl von persönlichen und religiösen Orientierungsfragen auslösen. Vor dem Hintergrund der hier aufbrechenden Fragen, aber auch angesichts der Einsichten empirischer Studien zur Bedeutung familiärer Sozialisation ergeben sich für die kirchliche Bildungsverantwortung und Elternarbeit produktive Herausforderungen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Möglichkeiten kirchlicher Elternbildungsarbeit während, nach und vor der Konfirmationszeit beschrieben.
EFEKTIVITAS VAKSIN BIVALEN Aeromonas hydrophila DAN Mycobacterium fortuitum UNTUK PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI PENYAKIT PADA IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus goramy)
Authors: Sugiani Desy , Aryati Yani , Mufidah Tatik , Purwaningsih Uni
Published: September 2017

Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu cara terbaik untuk pencegahan terhadap penyakit ikan. Aplikasi pemberian vaksin untuk skala massal oleh pembudidaya ikan masih menjadi kendala. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas dan respons peningkatan kekebalan tubuh ikan terhadap penggunaan vaksin bivalen anti A. hydrophila dan M. fortuitum pada penanggulangan kejadian ko-infeksi A. hydrophila dan M. fortuitum pada ikan gurami. Perlakuan vaksinasi pada ikan gurami dilakukan selama empat minggu pemeliharan menggunakan tiga metode yang berbeda yaitu melalui injeksi, perendaman, dan oral, setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali dan diuji tantang selama empat minggu dengan ko-infeksi dari A. hydrophila dan M. fortuitum. Nilai RPS (relative percent survival) terbaik setelah uji tantang untuk penggunaan vaksin bivalen melalui perendaman pada benih ikan gurami adalah sebesar 26,4% lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan metode injeksi (56,33%). Vaksin bivalen kurang efektif jika diberikan melalui oral dengan nilai RPS 13,6%. Dosis vaksin bivalen terbaik untuk perlakuan vaksinasi melalui injeksi, perendaman, dan oral adalahcampuran antara bakteri A. hydrophila 1010 cfu dan M. fortuitum 109 cfu dengan perbandingan 1:1 v/v.
建设工程竣工验收的现状与发展趋势
Authors: 蒋 骏
Published: September 2017

本文主要针对建设工程验收的现状做出了分析，以及对分房验收和建设工程的发展趋势做出了简要概括。
园林工程排水设计及铺装设计要点
Authors: 李 静
Published: September 2017

本文通过对某酒店园林施工图设计的实际操作，得出在进行园林施工图设计时，要在充分了解基地现场环境、各类工程建设材料种类及特性、对方案设计理念充分理解的基础上，根据相关的设计法规规范，以环保生态的园林施工图设计思想为指导，使之为今后园林土建施工图的设计提供一个范例。
简析市政给排水工程的规划设计与施工
Authors: 高 玉香
Published: September 2017

市政给排水工程建设是城市基础设施建设的重要组成部分。为适应城市的快速发展，改善供水水质，在规划设计与施工中，应充分考虑各方面因素，从而保障给排水工程的正常运行。
谈土地工程管理中测绘技术的应用
Authors: 杨 立艳
Published: September 2017

随着测绘技术的不断发展，有效改善了土地工程管理工作中的不足，对于提高土地管理质量及其效率具有重要作用。基于此，本文阐述了土地工程管理中常用的测绘技术以及土地工程管理的要求及其测绘流程，对土地工程管理中测绘技术的应用进行了论述分析。
工程测量的施工与控制问题探究
Authors: 李 甦
Published: September 2017

工程测量贯穿于工程建设的全过程，因此工程测量的施工质量对于工程质量具有重要作用，所以需要严格对其施工质量进行把控，确保测量结果的可靠。本文简述了工程测量施工的重要性，对工程测量施工与控制进行了探讨分析。
给排水设计及施工中遇到的问题
Authors: 田 野 , 许 延玲
Published: September 2017

随着现代社会的不断发展，高楼越来越多，人们从普通的多层楼房住进了高层楼房，在这个背景下，也使得给排水工程在人们的生活中显得愈加重要，它影响到了人们的生活品质和生活质量。这些给排水问题的出现，很大程度上影响了人们的生活。因此，对于这项工程的监管和研究显得十分紧急。本文通过对此项工程进行分析研究，对这些问题进行系统的总结。
Les Intoxications Accidentelles Par Les Pesticides Au Maroc Entre 2008-2014: Evolution Et Facteurs De Risque
Authors: Aicha Detsouli , Amiar Latifa , Zineb Nabih , Donia Kharbouch , Zakaria Abidli , Maria Windy , Naima Rhalem , Abdelmajid Soulaymani , Abdelrhani Mokhtari , Rachida Soulaymani- Bencheikh
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of accidental poisoning by pesticides. A retrospective study of poisoning cases, declared between January 2008 to December 2014 at the Moroccan Anti poisoning and Pharmacovigilance Center (MAPPC), was conducted. During the study period, 4 110 acute accidental poisoning by pesticides cases were collected. The average age was of patients 19, 24±0,25 years. The sex-ratio (female/male) was 0.95. Poisoning mainly concerned adults between the ages of 20 and 74 (about 43%). The pesticide poisoning occurs more often in urban zones with 54.1%. These were mainly poisonings that occurred at home in 70.5% of cases. Patients were mostly symptomatic (about 65%), these poisonings occurred mainly during the spring mostly in the spring (32%) and summer (29%). Insecticides were the most commonly incriminated in 64, 13% of cases, followed by rats, pesticides, and herbicides with respectively 29%, 3.42% and 0.85%. The declarations came from all regions of Morocco, the highest incidence was recorded in the Tadla-Azilal region (4.04 per 100 000 inhabitants). The Fes Boulemane region showed a significant lethality of 6.43%. Among the 3,077 patients for whom the evolution was known, 98.1% had progressed favorably. 47 cases of death were recorded with a lethality of 1.2%.
Secure E-Health: Managing Risks to Patient Personal Identity
Authors: Amran D. Haryadi , Yuliana Mike , Soelistijorini Reni , Sudarsono Amang
Published: September 2017

As we are becoming a digital society, it is very important for us to protect the security of personal identity in any transactions. One of the efforts to maintain the security of personal identity is by unrevealed our data more than necessary. Anonymous credential allows an organization to give a credential to a user. This credential consists of user attribute such as address and date of birth. By using this credential, the user can prove the ownership to the third party without revealing the information that contained in credential information more than necessary. This paper proposes secure ehealth system that focuses on proving protocol to reveal and prove some of the patient attributes while others remain hidden, so the security of personal identity more awake. The experimental results showed that the computational time of each proving protocol less than 1 second.
Harta Bersama dalam Perkawinan Poligami Menurut Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Fitrianti Desi
Published: September 2017

Perkawinan dalam Islam diperbolehkan untuk menikahi wanita lebih dari satu atau biasa disebut dengan poligami. Namun dibolehkannya poligami dengan beberapa syarat diantaranya berlaku adil dan harus mendapat izin istri pertama. Dari poligami, ada beberapa permasalahan yang timbul diantaranya tentang harta bersama. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan tentang harta bersama dalam pandangan undang-undang di Indonesia dan hukum Islam. Dalam perkawinan poligami, harta bersama dari masing-masing istri berdiri secara terpisah. Pembagian harta bersama dalam perkawinan yang kedua kalinya (poligami) tidak semudah dalam perkawinan monogami. Pembagian harta bersama dalam perkawinan poligami menurut UU Nomor 1 tahun 1974 yaitu masing-masing istri mendapatkan bagian seperdua, sedangkan menurut hukum Islam yaitu Islam tidak mengatur tentang harta bersama karena kekayaan suami dan istri masing-masing terpisah. Suami tidak boleh bertindak atas harta istri. Jadi menurut hukum Islam status harta seorang perempuan tidak berubah dengan adanya pernikahan.
Strategi Dompet Dhuafa Sumatera Selatan dalam Menarik Minat Donatur untuk Menyalurkan Dana Zakat Infak Sadaqah Wakaf (ZISWAF)
Authors: Hidayah Ririn Nur
Published: September 2017

Strategi menarik minat donatur yang dilakukan dompet dhuafa dilakukan  dengan metode mengembangkan budaya kerja lembaga yang terbuka/transparan, jujur, itqan (profesional), dan mengembangkan kreativitas dan inovasi tiada henti untuk tetap mencari cara terbaik dalam berinteraksi dan memberdayakan masyarakat sesuai dengan teori kotler dan keller yaitu lima metode yang digunakan dalam menarik minat donatur adalah advertising, personal selling, direct selling, public relations, dan events and experience, pelaksanaannya sudah sangat baik, pendapatan donasi dari para donatur yang mempercayakan dananya cukup banyak dan keberadaan dompet dhuafa ditengah masyarakat sangat membantu khususnya bagi masyarakat tidak mampu.
The Hyphenated Persona: Aidan Quinn’s Irish-American Performances
Authors: Goff Loretta
Published: September 2017

This article examines the hyphenated Irish-American identity performed by actor Aidan Quinn across a number of his media appearances. Hyphenated identities are frequently used in our increasingly globalised, migratory world to consolidate two or more national identifications into a singular, new identity. However, the performances of such identities are often complicated by shifting levels of identification, in line with the concept of identity salience, which result in multiple, protean identity performances—from either side of the hyphen—drawn upon as needed. “Celebrity identities” as a construct forms an ideal category for a broader exploration of hyphenated identity performance, as their highly visible public identities most overtly demonstrate the continuous processes of (economically influenced) construction, performance and negotiation that comprise all identity formation. Aidan Quinn, who holds dual United States and Irish citizenship, has spent significant time living in each country, is vocal about his connection to both and is often framed accordingly in the media, makes an ideal case study for examining the nuances of Irish-American identity performance which are magnified as a result his stardom. By looking at how the actor frames (and is framed regarding) his national connections, I interrogate the intricacies of how his experiences in each country are combined in some instances and separated in others, and ultimately argue that the two sides of his hyphenated Irish-American persona are largely kept separate, resulting in multiple identity performances rather than forming a cohesive, singular performance.
The effect of Employment Development Index on economic growth and poverty level in Indonesia
Authors: Jamaliah  , Said Muhammad
Published: September 2017

This study aims to examine the effect of Employment Development Index (EDI) on economic growth, and the effect of EDI on poverty level and the effect of economic growth on poverty level in Indonesia. This study used descriptive and exploratory analysis with secondary data source, that is, EDI, economic growth, and poverty level in 33 provinces of Indonesia during the period 2012–2013. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the form of force conditions between these three variables. The findings revealed that the effect of EDI on economic growth is insignificant, it was caused by the GDP unable to drive the economic growth and the EDI affects significantly on the poverty level in Indonesia. Then, the effect of economic growth on poverty level is insignificant, which means the economic growth is unable to be the basis for alleviating poverty in Indonesia.
Problems and forecast of the development of the Russian fuel and energy complex: the factorial approach
Authors: A. Toimentseva Irina , P. Karpova Natalia , G. Ostroukhova Natalia , D. Chichkina Vera
Published: September 2017

Existing forecasts of Russian energy sector development have a number of general provisions and differ in approaches to their construction. The most realistic forecast is made within the framework of the Energy Strategy of Russia for the period up to 2035. However, the dynamism and high uncertainty of economic processes, international relations, domestic policy and the rapid growth of scientific and technical progress need a systematic correction of any forecast. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for making a forecast for the development of the Russian fuel and energy complex based on the application of the factor approach. The forecasting results are used in the development of management decisions, therefore, the authors of the article take into account the influence of various factors while making the forecast, but they (factors) are all quantitatively commensurable. To make a reliable forecast, the internal environment of the research object is studied in detail, organizational and economic problems in the development of the Russian fuel and energy complex are revealed, and methods for their elimination are suggested. The external environment is also analyzed and trends in the development of world energy markets are revealed. To forecast the state of the fuel and energy complex, an integral indicator is chosen reflecting the level of its technical and economic development.
PERILAKU LIMINAL MASYARAKAT SASAK-LOMBOK DALAM BÊKAYAQ BAU NYALÉ DAN PATAQ PARÉ
Authors: Saharudin Saharudin
Published: September 2017

This paper studied the socio-psychological issues found in the cultural event bêkayaq bau nyalé and bêkayaq pataq paré among Sasak agrarian society in the southern of the Lombok Island. The study examined the language used in the two types of bêkayaqs (reverberate poem activities) used an ethnopoetic perspective. The socio-psychological problems of the people were revealed and explained by an ethnohermeneutic and process analysis perspectives. Data were collected by observation and interview techniques. The results showed that the tradition of bêkayaq bau nyalé and pataq paré were not only verbal-artistic expressions, but also had a deep implication for the disclosure of the socio-cultural pressures of the culprit during their life in which they had to obey the obligations of the social and cultural normative structures. Through bêkayaq, they could remove their burdens (though it was only temporal). The main purpose of bêkayaq was to create a liminal world between women and men, at least in public area communication. The changes in the orientation of bau nyale, the inclusion of structural context (power), and the rationalization of rice farming, had an impact on people's behavior changes to the actors of bêkayaq.
KEARIFAN LOKAL ORANG JAWA DALAM METAFORA NOVEL PARA PRIYAYI, KARYA UMAR KAYAM
Authors: Wulandari Ari
Published: September 2017

The metaphor is born because of the limitations of human language, while the human mind is unlimited. This research data is a metaphor in the Para Priyayi novel. This study uses a qualitative research design or research context. Metaphors are covered depends context of existing metaphors in the Para Priyayi novel. Metaphoric consists of nine patterns, namely (1) one sentence, one metaphor, (2) one sentence, two metaphors, (3) one sentence, three metaphors, (4) tenor at the front, the vehicle in the behind, (5) vehicle at the front, tenor in the behind, (6) noun - verb, (7) verb - noun, (8) noun - adjective, and (9) the frozen form. As there are four kinds of metaphor, namely (1) a metaphor of man, (2) a metaphor of animal, (3) a metaphor of plant, and (4) a metaphor of natural circumstances. The sphere of life that exists in the Para Priyayi novel metaphor includes five programs: (1) economics, (2) the family, (3) community, (4) the natural environment, and (5) of religion and belief. The values of local wisdom includes nine things, namely (1) character, (2) ethics, (3) chivalry, (4) the concept of Manunggaling Kawula kalawan Gusti, (5) education, (6) the attitude of the community, (7) moral education, (8) self-control, and (9) leadership. The research proves that metaphor in the Para Priyayi novel has certain forms and types, contains the realm of Javanese life, and the values of Java local wisdom.
Metode REBA Untuk Pencegahan Musculoskeletal Disorder Tenaga Kerja
Authors: Restuputri Dian Palupi
Published: September 2017

CV. Wijaya Kusuma is a company producing sanitair. The production process is done manually. Workers work with work postures bent and squatting. Posture work bent and squat reduces the comfort. Posture work bend and squat and potential risks of musculoskeletal disorder. REBA method is suitable to solve the problem. REBA is a method used in job posture analysis. REBA method used to quickly assess the posture of the neck, back, arms, wrists, and feet of a worker. The initial stage of the research is to divide the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. NBM aims to know complaints of body parts before and after work. The purpose study is to determine the cause of complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) labor. This study provides a solution to the problem of labor MSDs complaints. The results show 6 work postures with "moderate" risk levels, 4 high-risk "work postures". All work postures in the sanitair production process require corrective action posture.
The Heritage Structure of Sanskrit Compound in Old Javanese Language: A Contrastive Linguistics Study
Authors: Ratna Erawati Ni Ketut , Wijana I Made
Published: September 2017

Sanskrit and Old Javanese language are not cognate language. In a language comparative study, the language that has no geneologis relationship could be analyzed contrastively. In typological morphological, Sanskrit is classified into flective language, while the Old Javanese language is classified agglutinative languages. The aim of this writing is to describe and explain the grammatical process of Sanskrit compound word that orbed into Old Javanese. The data tabulation belonging to the compound words were analyzed explanative descriptively according to the nature of the data and the methods and techniques that relevant to the object of study. The methods and techniques used were framed into three stages, namely the data providing, data analysis, and presenting analysis. The theoretical basis of language comparison is similarity or semblance of form and meaning. Based on the analysis, the compound word in Old Javanese language largely derived from the Sanskrit in free base form or derivation form. The forms are borrowed intact and some are accompanied by grammatical processes in the Old Javanese. The similarity and resemblance of these forms are inherited as a loan. The Old Javanese compounding process has the structure: Sanskrit + Sanskrit, Sanskrit + Old Javanese, Old Javanese + Sanskrit. Grammatical processes that occurred are affixation appropriate rules of Old Javanese.
La Sostenibilidad en los Países en Vías de Desarrollo (PVD), com Especial Referencia a América Latina y el Caribe (ACL)
Authors: Álvarez Miguel-Ángel Michinel , Pérez Rafael Andrés Velásquez
Published: September 2017

La forma en que se organiza el ser humano en cada sociedad determina las relaciones entre ésta y la naturaleza. Y, sobre la naturaleza, a su vez, ha tenido también efectos el paso de cada formación económico-social, desde los remotos tiempos precristianos hasta la época contemporánea. Los actuales problemas ambientales son así fiel reflejo de las diferentes sociedades que se han sucedido a lo largo de la geografía y de la historia del mundo, en unos casos originadas por la mera y natural necesidad de subsistir, en otros por el afán de poder y el exceso de consumo. Pero sólo recientemente la toma de conciencia de la gravedad de la situación ha desencadenado una respuesta con acogida global: la alternativa del desarrollo sostenible, en la que coinciden economía y ecología con una misma finalidad, la conservación de la vida sobre el planeta. El área de estudio de la economía es cómo y dónde obtener los recursos y medios para que la sociedad subsista, mientras que el área de estudio de la ecología es el marco de vida y los elementos que conforman la naturaleza como ente finito y limitado; de ahí la necesidad de protegerla y valorar los bienes que nos ofrece.
Projectos de Investimento
Authors: Pereira Adalmiro Andrade
Published: September 2017

Projecto de Investimento significa um eventual investimento em activos fixos do qual se espera que remunere quem é proprietário do capital. Para garantir isto aplicam-se vários indicadores que auxiliam quem toma decisões económicas efinanceiras a garantir a viabilidade do investimento.
Cyclodextrin-Catalyzed Organic Synthesis: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Applications
Authors: Bai Chang , Tian Bing , Zhao Tian , Huang Qing , Wang Zhi
Published: September 2017

Cyclodextrins are well-known macrocyclic oligosaccharides that consist of α-(1,4) linked glucose units and have been widely used as artificial enzymes, chiral separators, chemical sensors, and drug excipients, owing to their hydrophobic and chiral interiors. Due to their remarkable inclusion capabilities with small organic molecules, more recent interests focus on organic reactions catalyzed by cyclodextrins. This contribution outlines the current progress in cyclodextrin-catalyzed organic reactions. Particular emphases are given to the organic reaction mechanisms and their applications. In the end, the future directions of research in this field are proposed.
Silver Oxide Coatings with High Silver-Ion Elution Rates and Characterization of Bactericidal Activity
Authors: Goderecci Sarah , Kaiser Eric , Yanakas Michael , Norris Zachary , Scaturro Jeffrey , Oszust Robert , Medina Clarence , Waechter Fallon , Heon Min , Krchnavek Robert , Yu Lei , Lofland Samuel , Demarest Renee , Caputo Gregory , Hettinger Jeffrey
Published: September 2017

This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of silver oxide films for use as bactericidal coatings. Synthesis parameters, dissolution/elution rate, and bactericidal efficacy are reported. Synthesis conditions were developed to create AgO, Ag2O, or mixtures of AgO and Ag2O on surfaces by reactive magnetron sputtering. The coatings demonstrate strong adhesion to many substrate materials and impede the growth of all bacterial strains tested. The coatings are effective in killing Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrating a clear zone-of-inhibition against bacteria growing on solid media and the ability to rapidly inhibit bacterial growth in planktonic culture. Additionally, the coatings exhibit very high elution of silver ions under conditions that mimic dynamic fluid flow ranging between 0.003 and 0.07 ppm/min depending on the media conditions. The elution of silver ions from the AgO/Ag2O surfaces was directly impacted by the complexity of the elution media, with a reduction in elution rate when examined in complex cell culture media. Both E. coli and S. aureus were shown to bind ~1 ppm Ag+/mL culture. The elution of Ag+ resulted in no increases in mammalian cell apoptosis after 24 h exposure compared to control, but apoptotic cells increased to ~35% by 48 and 72 h of exposure. Taken together, the AgO/Ag2O coatings described are effective in eliciting antibacterial activity and have potential for application on a wide variety of surfaces and devices.
Forbidden Coherence Transfer of 19F Nuclei to Quantitatively Measure the Dynamics of a CF3-Containing Ligand in Receptor-Bound States
Authors: Tokunaga Yuji , Takeuchi Koh , Shimada Ichio
Published: September 2017

The dynamic property of a ligand in the receptor-bound state is an important metric to characterize the interactions in the ligand–receptor interface, and the development of an experimental strategy to quantify the amplitude of motions in the bound state is of importance to introduce the dynamic aspect into structure-guided drug development (SGDD). Fluorine modifications are frequently introduced at the hit-to-lead optimization stage to enhance the binding potency and other characteristics of a ligand. However, the effects of fluorine modifications are generally difficult to predict, owing to the pleiotropic nature of the interactions. In this study, we report an NMR-based approach to experimentally evaluate the local dynamics of trifluoromethyl (CF3)-containing ligands in the receptor-bound states. For this purpose, the forbidden coherence transfer (FCT) analysis, which has been used to study the dynamics of methyl moieties in proteins, was extended to the 19F nuclei of CF3-containing ligands. By applying this CF3–FCT analysis to a model interaction system consisting of a ligand, AST-487, and a receptor, p38α, we successfully quantified the amplitude of the CF3 dynamics in the p38α-bound state. The strategy would bring the CF3-containing ligands within the scope of dynamic SGDD to improve the affinity and specificity for the drug-target receptors.
Motivation Peer Training – Bridging the gap for people with mobility disabilities
Authors: Norris Lucy K.
Published: September 2017

Background: Only 2% of people with disabilities in developing countries have access to basic services and rehabilitation.Objectives: To bridge this gap, Motivation has been running Peer Training activities since 1993 and has identified that there is a growing need for Peer Training. The overall aim of Peer Training is for wheelchair users (Peer Trainers) to provide others (with similar disabilities) with the relevant knowledge on health issues, rights and skills to achieve a basic level of independence and greater quality of life.Method: To test the impact of Peer Training, Motivation created a knowledge, skills and well-being questionnaire, which has been trialled in two locations: Kenya and Malawi.Results: Overall, Motivation found that most participants reported an increase in knowledge, skills and well-being, supporting their experience that this training provides vital information and support mechanisms for wheelchair users in low- and middle-income countries. Further work is needed to ensure this tool measures the impact of Peer Training and lessons learnt have been identified to strengthen the methodology.Conclusion: Although Peer Training is not a replacement for rehabilitation services, Motivation believes it is an effective way to not only increase knowledge and skills of persons with disabilities but also reduce the sense of social isolation that can often be a result of disability.
Vocal tract dynamics in an adult stutterer
Authors: Wolk Lesley
Published: September 2017

The present study was motivated by the clinical observation of "laryngeal spasms" during dysfluency in an adult female  stutterer. The flexible fiberoptic nasolaryngoscope was employed in an attempt to assess this phenomenon objectively. Findings from fiberscopic and spectrographic investigations provided evidence for a disturbance in laryngeal behaviour, and in turn served to determine the nature of the treatment programme. Asymmetry of the vocal folds  and partial abductory laryngeal behaviour, reflecting  a conflict between adductory and abductory forces, characterized the dysfluency  in this patient. A subjective evaluation after treatment revealed a reduction in both severity and frequency of stuttering behaviour. Furthermore, fiberscopic examination carried out after treatment revealed an absence of the laryngeal disturbances noted previously. Results are considered in terms of vocal tract dynamics in stuttering and its clinical applicability.
An investigation of non-standard english syntax in 12-year old coloured children
Authors: Malan Karen C.
Published: September 2017

Non-standard English (NSE) syntactic constructions occurring in the natural speech, behaviour of a group of 20 12-year old Coloured children were identified  and analysed. Three syntactic classes were isolated as having contained NSE constructions used significantly  by the group: auxiliary/copula verb forms, number-verb agreement and tense. A bi-dialectal sentence repetition task was then adminstered to the same group and to a matched group of White children, in which the two groups were compared on their ability to reproduce sentences containing (1) NSE constructions used significantly by the Coloured group, and (2) the standard English (SE) forms of these constructions. Results indicated that while Coloured Ss were able to reproduce many of the SE constructions, their overall performance  on these items was significantly inferior  to that of  White Ss. Conversely, their repetition of  NSE items was significantly  superior to that of  White Ss. The implications of these findings for the clinical language assessment of Coloured children were discussed.
Dominance of climate warming effects on recent drying trends over wet monsoon regions
Authors: Park Chang-Eui , Jeong Su-Jong , Ho Chang-Hoi , Park Hoonyoung , Piao Shilong , Kim Jinwon , Feng Song
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Understanding changes in background dryness over land is key information for adapting to climate change because of its critical socioeconomic consequences. However, causes of continental dryness changes remain uncertain because various climate parameters control dryness. Here, we verify dominant climate variables determining dryness trends over continental eastern Asia, which is characterized by diverse hydroclimate regimes ranging from arid to humid, by quantifying the relative effects of changes in precipitation, solar radiation, wind speed, surface air temperature, and relative humidity on trends in the aridity index based on observed data from 189 weather stations for the period of 1961–2010. Before the early 1980s (1961–1983), change in precipitation is a primary condition for determining aridity trends. In the later period (1984–2010), the dominant climate parameter for aridity trends varies according to the hydroclimate regime. Drying trends in arid regions are mostly explained by reduced precipitation. In contrast, the increase in potential evapotranspiration due to increased atmospheric water-holding capacity, a secondary impact of warming, works to increase aridity over the humid monsoon region despite an enhanced water supply and relatively less warming. Our results show significant drying effects of warming over the humid monsoon region in recent decades; this also supports the drying trends over warm and water-sufficient regions in future climate.
Multi-decadal analysis of root-zone soil moisture applying the exponential filter across CONUS
Authors: Tobin Kenneth J. , Torres Roberto , Crow Wade T. , Bennett Marvin E.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This study applied the exponential filter to produce an estimate of root-zone soil moisture (RZSM). Four types of microwave-based, surface satellite soil moisture were used. The core remotely sensed data for this study came from NASA's long-lasting AMSR-E mission. Additionally, three other products were obtained from the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (CCI). These datasets were blended based on all available satellite observations (CCI-active, CCI-passive, and CCI-combined). All of these products were 0.25° and taken daily. We applied the filter to produce a soil moisture index (SWI) that others have successfully used to estimate RZSM. The only unknown in this approach was the characteristic time of soil moisture variation (T). We examined five different eras (1997–2002; 2002–2005; 2005–2008; 2008–2011; 2011–2014) that represented periods with different satellite data sensors. SWI values were compared with in situ soil moisture data from the International Soil Moisture Network at a depth ranging from 20 to 25 cm. Selected networks included the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program (25 cm), Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN; 20.32 cm), SNOwpack TELemetry (SNOTEL; 20.32 cm), and the US Climate Reference Network (USCRN; 20 cm). We selected in situ stations that had reasonable completeness. These datasets were used to filter out periods with freezing temperatures and rainfall using data from the Parameter elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM). Additionally, we only examined sites where surface and root-zone soil moisture had a reasonably high lagged r value (r > 0. 5). The unknown T value was constrained based on two approaches: optimization of root mean square error (RMSE) and calculation based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) value. Both approaches yielded comparable results; although, as to be expected, the optimization approach generally outperformed NDVI-based estimates. The best results were noted at stations that had an absolute bias within 10 %. SWI estimates were more impacted by the in situ network than the surface satellite product used to drive the exponential filter. The average Nash–Sutcliffe coefficients (NSs) for ARM ranged from −0. 1 to 0.3 and were similar to the results obtained from the USCRN network (0.2–0.3). NS values from the SCAN and SNOTEL networks were slightly higher (0.1–0.5). These results indicated that this approach had some skill in providing an estimate of RZSM. In terms of RMSE (in volumetric soil moisture), ARM values actually outperformed those from other networks (0.02–0.04). SCAN and USCRN RMSE average values ranged from 0.04 to 0.06 and SNOTEL average RMSE values were higher (0.05–0.07). These values were close to 0.04, which is the baseline value for accuracy designated for many satellite soil moisture missions.
An improved SWAT vegetation growth module and its evaluation for four tropical ecosystems
Authors: Alemayehu Tadesse , van Griensven Ann , Woldegiorgis Befekadu Taddesse , Bauwens Willy
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a globally applied river basin ecohydrological model used in a wide spectrum of studies, ranging from land use change and climate change impacts studies to research for the development of the best water management practices. However, SWAT has limitations in simulating the seasonal growth cycles for trees and perennial vegetation in the tropics, where rainfall rather than temperature is the dominant plant growth controlling factor. Our goal is to improve the vegetation growth module of SWAT for simulating the vegetation variables – such as the leaf area index (LAI) – for tropical ecosystems. Therefore, we present a modified SWAT version for the tropics (SWAT-T) that uses a straightforward but robust soil moisture index (SMI) – a quotient of rainfall (P) and reference evapotranspiration (ETr) – to dynamically initiate a new growth cycle within a predefined period. Our results for the Mara Basin (Kenya/Tanzania) show that the SWAT-T-simulated LAI corresponds well with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LAI for evergreen forest, savanna grassland and shrubland. This indicates that the SMI is reliable for triggering a new annual growth cycle. The water balance components (evapotranspiration and streamflow) simulated by the SWAT-T exhibit a good agreement with remote-sensing-based evapotranspiration (ET-RS) and observed streamflow. The SWAT-T model, with the proposed vegetation growth module for tropical ecosystems, can be a robust tool for simulating the vegetation growth dynamics in hydrologic models in tropical regions.