bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring and early detection of internal erosion: Distributed sensing and processing
Authors: Khan Amir A , Vrabie Valeriu , Beck Yves-Laurent , Mars Jerome I , D’Urso Guy
Published: May 2014

Early detection of leakages in hydraulic infrastructures is important to ensure their safety and security. Significant flow of water through the dike can be an indicator of internal erosion and results in a thermal anomaly. Temperature measurements are therefore capable of revealing information linked to leakage. Optical fiber–based distributed temperature sensors present an economically viable and reliable solution for recording spatio-temporal temperature data over long distances, with spatial and temperature resolutions of 1 m and 0.05°C, respectively. The acquired data are influenced by several factors, among them water leakages, heat transfer through the above soil depth, seasonal thermal variations, and the geomechanical environment. Soil properties such as permeability alter the acquired signal locally. This article presents leakage detection methods based on signal processing of the raw temperature data from optical fiber sensors. The first approach based on source separation identifies leakages by separating them from the non-relevant information. The second approach presents a potential alarm system based on the analysis of daily temperature variations. Successful detection results for simulated as well as real experimental setups of Electricité de France are presented.
Attitude towards the purchase of counterfeits: Antecedents and effect on intention to purchase
Authors: Viot Catherine , Le Roux André , Krémer Florence
Published: May 2014

Counterfeiting is a major issue for companies, public institutions and consumers. Despite extensive literature on the subject in marketing, an instrument for measuring the wide variety of the determinants of attitude towards and intention to purchase counterfeit products is missing. A second-order model comprising 13 determinants, grouped into three latent constructs, is validated. This model includes a dimension related to the societal consequences of counterfeiting and two dimensions representing individual factors’ motivations and deterrents. This research pinpoints the most relevant motivations for and deterrents of counterfeit purchases. Results show that societal economic factors do not impact attitude towards and intention to purchase counterfeits, whereas individual motivations are crucial. Individual motivations and deterrents are the only antecedents of attitude towards counterfeits, with motivations being the most important determinant. Second-order factors indirectly influence intention to purchase counterfeits, through the mediation of attitude towards the purchase.
Size-controllable synthesis and bandgap modulation of single-layered RF-sputtered bismuth nanoparticles
Authors: Wu Bin-Kun , Chern Ming-Yau , Lee Hsin-Yen
Published: May 2014

We here report a simple and efficient method to grow single-layer bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) with various sizes on glass substrates. Optimal conditions were found to be 200°C and 0.12 W/cm2 at a growth rate of 6 Å/s, with the deposition time around 40 s. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were used to calculate the particle size distribution statistics, and high-resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to examine the chemical interactions between BiNPs and the substrates. By measuring the transmission spectra within the range of 300 to 1,000 nm, we found that the optical bandgap can be modulated from 0.45 to 2.63 eV by controlling the size of these BiNPs. These interesting discoveries offer an insight to explore the dynamic nature of nanoparticles.
Effect of Linum usitatissimum L. (linseed) oil on mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Hashempur Mohammad Hashem , Homayouni Kaynoosh , Ashraf Alireza , Salehi Alireza , Taghizadeh Mohsen , Heydari Mojtaba
Published: May 2014

Background

Carpal tunnel syndrome is known as the most common entrapment neuropathy. Conservative treatments cannot reduce the symptomatic severity satisfactorily; therefore, effectiveness of Linum usitatissimum L. (linseed) oil on carpal tunnel syndrome, as a complementary treatment, was evaluated in the current study. Linseed oil is a well-known preparation in Iranian traditional medicine and its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects have been shown in previous studies.

Methods

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. One hundred patients (155 hands) with idiopathic mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome aged between 18 and 65 years old were randomized in two parallel groups. These two groups were treated during 4 weeks with topical placebo and linseed oil. In addition, a night wrist splint was prescribed for both groups. Symptomatic severity and functional status were measured using Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. In addition, median sensory nerve conduction velocity, motor distal latency, sensory distal latency and compound latency as electrodiagnostic parameters were measured at baseline and after the intervention period.

Results

After the intervention, significant improvement was observed regarding Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire symptomatic severity and functional status mean differences (p <0.001) in the linseed oil group compared with those in the placebo group. Also, regarding the mean differences of both groups, significant improvement of nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve was seen in the linseed oil group by a value of 2.38 m/sec (p < 0.05). However, motor distal latency and sensory distal latency of the median nerve showed no between-group significant changes (p = 0.14 for both items). Finally, compound latency was improved slightly in the case group, comparing mean differences between the groups (p <0.05). No significant adverse events were reported from using linseed oil.

Conclusions

It seems that linseed oil could be effective in the management of mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome, especially in improving the severity of symptoms and functional status. In addition, its effect on electerodiagnostic parameters, especially on the nerve conduction velocity, can be considered as a valuable point.
Acoustical Treatment of Multi-Tone Broadband Noise with Hybrid Side-Branched Mufflers Using a Simulated Annealing Method
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie
Published: May 2014

Presently, there existed in industrial plants broadband noise hybridized with pure tones. In order to overcome a pure tone noise with a high peak value that is harmful to human hearing, a traditional reactive muffler has been used. However, the traditional method for designing a reactive muffler has proven to be time-consuming and insufficient. Helmholtz mufflers that deal with a pure tone have been adequately researched. However, manufacturing costs for the Helmholtz resonator have been too expensive. Noise elimination of pure tones for side-branched resonators (SBRs) that are easily manufactured has also been addressed. Nevertheless, the shape optimization of multi-chamber side-branched mufflers that deal with a broadband noise hybridized with multiple tones has been mostly ignored. In order to efficiently reduce the peak noise level, interest in shape optimization of a side-branched muffler is coming to the forefront. That being so, an analysis of the sound transmission loss ( STL) and the best optimized design for a hybrid side-branched muffler under a space-constrained situation will be considered, here.

Concerning the plane wave effect, the theoretical acoustic performance of a multi-tone hybrid side-branched muffler will be established using a four-pole system matrix. A numerical case for eliminating broadband noise hybridized with two tones emitted from a machine room using eight kinds of mufflers (muffler B–I) will also be introduced. To find the best acoustical performance of a space-constrained muffler, a numerical assessment using a simulated annealing ( SA) method is adopted. To verify the availability of the SA optimization, a numerical optimization of muffler A at a pure tone (600 Hz) is exemplified. Before the SA operation can be carried out, the accuracy of the mathematical model has been checked using the experimental data. Moreover, the influences of the sound transmission loss (STL) with respect to n-series SBRs and the STL with respect to m-parallel SBRs have also been assessed. Also, the influence of the STL with respect to the design parameters such as the section area (Sb) of the SBR, the height (ZH) of the SBR, and the section area (S) of the main duct has been analyzed. Results reveal that the peak values of the pure tones are efficiently reduced after the hybrid side-branched muffler is added. Moreover, the acoustical performance of the hybrid side-branched muffler will increase when the number (m) of the parallel SBRs increases.

Consequently, a successful approach in eliminating a broadband noise hybridized with two pure tones using optimally shaped hybrid mufflers and a simulated annealing method within a constrained space has been demonstrated.
Dynamic Neural Network Based Very Short-Term Wind Speed Forecasting
Authors: Ramesh Babu. N , Arulmozhivarman P
Published: May 2014

In this paper, the nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs (NARX) is proposed for wind speed forecast. Forecasting wind speed is a challenging task in wind energy research domain which influences the dynamic control of wind turbine and for system scheduling. The aim of this study is to obtain suitable forecast model for wind speed with time series input variables such as wind direction, humidity, pressure and time. The meteorological data observed with 15 minute time intervals is used for the model and the performance is evaluated and compared with the back propagation neural network (BPNN). The result shows that the proposed model outperforms the BPNN based on the metrics used.
Inland Wind Resource Assessment in Southeast Finland
Authors: Baygildina Elvira , Hynynen Katja M. , Koivuniemi Aapo , Pyrhönen Olli
Published: May 2014

Rapid development of wind power technologies is enabling many nations to increase the share of wind energy in total electricity production. Finland, in common with many other countries, has a target of raising the contribution of wind resources to national energy production. The majority of existing and planned turbines in Finland are located in coastal areas, where the wind resources can provide favorable conditions for wind farms. However, considerable wind potential may exist in inland areas of the country. This paper presents a wind resource analysis of the southeast of Finland. The wind data, consisting of meteorological mast and LIDAR measurements at several heights, were collected in 2009 – 2011. The analysis includes monthly average wind speed, diurnal wind behavior and wind shear assessment. The energy output is estimated for a 3 MW wind turbine based on real wind speed distributions. Capacity factors are calculated to assess 3 MW wind turbine feasibility at the site. The obtained results demonstrate that inland wind conditions have sufficient potential to allow wind energy to thrive.
Explicit Solutions for Simple Models of Wind Turbine Interference
Authors: Kiani Arman , Abdulrahman Mamdouh , Wood David
Published: May 2014

Wind turbine interference - the reduction in output power of a turbine downwind of any others - is a major problem for wind farm optimization and control. With interference, it is well-known for specific cases that co-operative optimization of power output yields more power than does the selfish optimization of individual turbines. This paper develops explicit solutions for simple models of interference for the general case of any number of turbines in line with the wind. For the simplest case of no wake recovery, analytical solutions for co-operative and selfish optimization are derived. They show that co-operative optimization nearly always yields more power and never yields less. Adding a simple form of wake recovery for equally spaced turbines precludes analytical solutions, but numerical solutions are developed to find the power to any required level of accuracy. Again, co-operative optimization is superior in nearly all cases. These simple solutions should be useful for demonstrating the importance of interference and for testing methods for optimizing wind farm layout and operation. It is shown that the maximum benefit from co-operative operation occurs at turbine spacing comparable to that commonly used in wind farms. The analysis is then extended to include topographical effects modeled as changes in wind speed along the line. Explicit solutions are obtained for two turbines in line. Co-operative optimization remains the best strategy. In particular, when the wind speed increases, it quickly becomes optimal to shut down the first turbine.
Hierarchical Methodology for the Numerical Simulation of the Flow Field around and in the Wake of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines: Rotating Reference Frame, Blade Element Method and Actuator Disk Model
Authors: Javaherchi Teymour , Antheaume Sylvain , Aliseda Alberto
Published: May 2014

A hierarchy of computational methods for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) flow field is proposed, focusing on rotor models for Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations. Three models are systematically compared to determine their adequacy to capture performance and wake dynamics, and the trade-offs between accuracy and computational cost. The Rotating Reference Frame model is prescribed for detailed flow field studies, specifically at the root and blade tip. The Blade Element Model does not reproduce the near wake region but successfully predicts the velocity deficit in the axisymmetric far wake, and the power and torque coefficients. The Actuator Disk Model underestimates the velocity deficit in the far wake, but can be corrected to perform simulations of large wind farms. This methodology is applied to a canonical rotor and compared against experimental data. These models span three orders of magnitude in computational time and cost for the study of HAWT aerodynamic performance and wake interaction.
Optimized Design of Concrete Structures considering Environmental Aspects
Authors: Laníková I. , Štěpánek P. , S̆imůnek P.
Published: May 2014

This contribution describes a formulation of the optimized design of structures using the probability-based optimization method. The Monte Carlo simulation method, modified by the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method, was used for the calculation of the reliability of a designed structure. Efficient design procedures can achieve not only cost savings during construction (materials and energy), erection, servicing, maintenance, disassembly and material recycling but also a more favourable environmental impact. To find the best possible design for a structure an original optimization method was used. Therefore, the economical and ecological aspects (acquisition costs, CO2 and SO2 emissions and embodied energy associated with concrete member production) were taken into account in the objective function. A design example – a prestressed spun concrete pole made from reinforced concrete or alternatively from reinforced fibre concrete is presented.
Performance-Based Seismic Design of RC SMF Using Target Drift and Yield Mechanism as Performance Criteria
Authors: Liao W.C. , Goel S.C.
Published: May 2014

Reinforced concrete special moment frames (RC SMF) have been widely used as part of seismic force-resisting systems. Design methodologies and systematic procedures of RC SMF are needed which require no or little iteration after initial design in order to meet the targeted design objectives. This paper presents the first time application of the Performance-Based Plastic Design (PBPD) approach to RC SMF. The PBPD method uses pre-selected target drift and yield mechanisms as key performance objectives. These two design parameters are directly related to the degree and distribution of structural damage, respectively. Four baseline RC SMF (4, 8, 12 and 20-story) as used in the FEMA P695 were selected for this study. Those frames were redesigned by the PBPD approach. The baseline code designed frames and the PBPD frames were subjected to extensive inelastic pushover and time-history analyses. The seismic responses of the study frames met the targeted performance criteria with considerable improvement over the corresponding baseline code designed frames.
Control Force Characteristics of Different Control Strategies for the Wind-Excited 76-Story Benchmark Building Structure
Authors: Zhang Chunwei
Published: May 2014

In accordance with the International Association of Structural Control and Monitoring (IASCM) third generation Vibration Control Benchmark problem, two new control strategies: structural adjacent reaction wall control (STA) and mass-semi-active-damper (AMD-2), are proposed and systematically evaluated and compared with the Benchmark standard-extended active control solutions as well as with the structural interbedded (STI) control strategy. A set of innovative evaluation indices, denoting the direction and energy relations between control forces and its velocity and/or displacement, is proposed to study the phenomena behavior as well as intrinsic mechanism of active control force of each control strategy. Throughout the comparisons among different control strategies, the function of inertia mass of Active Mass Driver/Damper (AMD) system is discussed. The AMD-2 control strategy has been developed based on a comprehensive analysis of STA control strategy, and both strategies are thoroughly evaluated against relevant Benchmark results. Based on a force mechanism and inertia mass ratio impact analysis, the AMD-2 control is shown to be capable of achieving comparable performance at a lower cost but with additional attractive advantages. Furthermore, an improved understanding phenomena behavior as well as the intrinsic mechanism of active control force corresponding to each control strategy realized by different control systems may contribute to selection of suitable control systems for application considerations.
Solving a Multigroup Mixed-Integer Programming-Based Constrained Discrimination Model
Authors: Brooks J. Paul , Lee Eva K.
Published: May 2014

Solution methods are presented for a mixed-integer program (MIP) associated with a method for constrained discrimination. In constrained discrimination, one wishes to maximize the probability of correct classification subject to intergroup misclassification limits. The misclassification limits are satisfied by allowing the placement of observations in a reserved judgment group. The approach investigated here involves modifying a standard classification rule by solving an optimization problem. A polynomial-time algorithm for solving the problem is given for two-group discrimination. The decision problem upon which the optimization problem is based is shown to be NP complete for a general number of groups. For three or more groups, an MIP is used to solve the problem. Solution methods incorporating cutting planes from conflict graphs are presented for solving instances in a branch-and-bound framework. These methods are used to enhance industry-standard software, and are shown to provide as much as a 20-fold reduction in computational time over the software alone. Computational experiments illustrate the tradeoff between misclassification rates and reserved judgment rates. Some base classifiers are not well suited to be modified to a constrained discrimination rule. The method for constrained discrimination studied here performs particularly well in the presence of class imbalance. For certain other data sets, however, the method is outperformed by a simple centroid method.
Nonlinear Kalman Filtering in Affine Term Structure Models
Authors: Christoffersen Peter , Dorion Christian , Jacobs Kris , Karoui Lotfi
Published: May 2014

The extended Kalman filter, which linearizes the relationship between security prices and state variables, is widely used in fixed-income applications. We investigate whether the unscented Kalman filter should be used to capture nonlinearities and compare the performance of the Kalman filter with that of the particle filter. We analyze the cross section of swap rates, which are mildly nonlinear in the states, and cap prices, which are highly nonlinear. When caps are used to filter the states, the unscented Kalman filter significantly outperforms its extended counterpart. The unscented Kalman filter also performs well when compared with the much more computationally intensive particle filter. These findings suggest that the unscented Kalman filter may be a good approach for a variety of problems in fixed-income pricing.

This paper was accepted by Wei Xiong, finance.
Changing the Face of Sustainable Development in Developing Countries: The Role of the International Finance Corporation
Authors: Adeyemi Adebola
Published: May 2014

Different regulatory instruments have sought to promote sustainable development, most especially the integration of social and economic concerns in development activities. Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) have taken it upon themselves to promote sustainable development practices by designing guidelines for their project financing activities and promoting sustainable financing practice through their clients. This approach ensures that the people affected by a project are better off as a result of its construction and operation. This article investigates the extent to which the International Finance Corporation (IFC) guidelines are ensuring the diffusion of sustainable development practices in developing countries. The article discusses the updated provisions contained in the IFC's 2012 Performance Standards in relation to the promotion of sustainable development and considers the critique and the impact of commercial bank project financing activities and their effect on promoting sustainable development. The article concludes that the guidelines of the IFC provide an important framework for promoting sustainable development practices in developing countries.
Walking art: Sustaining ourselves as arts educators
Authors: Triggs Valerie , Irwin Rita L. , Leggo Carl
Published: May 2014

Through a year-long collaborative practice of walking as art, three artists/researchers/teachers investigated embodied perception in terms of its capacities for self-sustenance. Amidst the rush and routine of busy lives, familiarity with feelings of potential as the nourishment sustaining bodily movement is often forgotten. However, in immersive practices such as walking, conceptual categories are not as significant as the positions and orientations that postures address, and the degrees of potential bodies feel in assuming these postures. Perception derives its sustenance in a social awareness at the level of the body where availabilities for next movement are generated by sensations of a world in movement already underway. The repeated aesthetic experience of practice-generated potential in every bodily repositioning grounds philosophical matters of perception in this study. This article describes our enquiry into the integrating capacities of walking art for feelings of relational aliveness and it includes both poetry and visual art as part of the study.
Inclusivity and aesth/ethics in third participatory a/r/tographic spaces
Authors: Manrique Marta Madrid
Published: May 2014

In this article, my a/r/tographic practice explores the complexity and uncertainty of educational situations in a third pedagogical space for inclusivity through the creation of a comic story. I draw, narrate and reflect on a situation during a participatory audio-visual project with nine young people (9–15 years old), where a learning proposal leads to different and unexpected results for three participants with learning disabilities. This experience invites me to reflect on the extent to which the creation of participatory audio-visual narratives in third pedagogical spaces can lead to inclusivity. To explore this issue, I first question the idea of third spaces of learning as places for democracy and transformation for inclusivity, free from power relationships. Furthermore, I propose complexity and acceptation of constraints as a path of unexpected transformation. Finally, I conclude by situating ‘aesth/ethics’ in a/rtography and propose the contiguity of image and text in comic narratives as an inclusive means to committing to living enquiry through with consent, capacity and confidentiality.
Visual a/r/tography in art museums
Authors: Roldan Joaquin , Marin-Viadel Ricardo
Published: May 2014

This article describes an a/r/tographic project entitled Art for Learning Art wherein the audience was invited to respond visually to a museum exhibition-installation. The three main objectives were: first, to rethink current practices in museum education in an effort to reach a dialectical synthesis between art-making and educational activities; second, to further develop three key identities held within a/r/tography; and third, to develop visual research instruments in a/r/tographic final reports. An exhibition-installation was organized around seven engravings, two photographs and one sculpture including the artworks by L. Bourgeois, E. Chillida, E. Munch, P. Picasso, A. Tàpies, among others, in the Spanish Caja-Granada Memory of Andalusia Museum. The main educational goal was to engage visitors with learning to interact visually with original artwork before producing new images that would then immediately became part of the installation.
Die Trance, das Blut, die Kamera
Authors: Zillinger Martin
Published: May 2014

Im 21. Jahrhundert haben Migration, der Einsatz Neuer Medien und eine zunehmende Kommerzialisierung marokkanische Sufi-Gruppen und ihre Trance-Rituale verändert. Angesichts islamistischer Reformbewegungen, nationalpolitischer Ansprüche und transnationaler Verflechtungen werden Konflikte um religiöse Lebensführung an den Orten dieser Bruderschaften, ihrer Heiligen und Dämonen, neu verortet. Dieses Buch untersucht im Anschluss an die Studien von Vincent Crapanzano, wie mit der Nutzung Neuer Medien bisherige Praktiken der Isawa und Hamadsa regeneriert und ihre Besessenheitsrituale und öffentlichen Zeremonien in neue Zusammenhänge und Lebenswelten übersetzt werden. Ausgezeichnet mit dem Forschungsförderungspreis der Frobenius-Gesellschaft.
ESTUDO DAS INTERAÇÕES MEDICAMENTOSAS EM IDOSOS RESIDENTES EM INSTITUIÇÃO DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA
Authors: GERBER Elisangela , CHRISTOFF Adriana De Oliveira
Published: May 2014

Mudanças fisiológicas relacionadas à senescência levam o idoso a um consumo aumentado de medicamentos, o que o torna sujeito à prática da polifarmácia e, consequentemente, as interações medicamentosas. Algumas interações podem comprometer a segurança e efetividade do tratamento, aumentar os efeitos farmacológicos causando toxicidade, acentuar os efeitos colaterais, desenvolver uma reação adversa ao medicamento e até elevar a morbimortalidade. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo das principais interações medicamentosas através da avaliação de prescrições médicas de três indivíduos idosos residentes em instituição de longa permanência por um período de 12 meses. Os três idosos selecionados utilizavam de oito a dez medicamentos diariamente. Foram encontradas 17 possíveis interações medicamentosas, classificadas em interações farmacocinéticas, envolvendo mecanismos de absorção, distribuição e biotransformação dos fármacos e interações farmacodinâmicas por mecanismos de potencialização, antagonismo e somação. Frente aos resultados obtidos, sugeriu-se medidas corretivas a fim de proporcionar segurança, eficácia terapêutica e qualidade de vida ao idoso.
EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS PARA A INDICAÇÃO POPULAR DE ALGUMAS ESPÉCIES DA FAMÍLIA RUTACEAE NO TRATAMENTO DE DOENÇAS RESPIRATÓRIAS NA REGIÃO SUDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: PRUDENTE Renata Correia Campello , MOURA Regina Braga de
Published: May 2014

A utilização de plantas medicinais como forma de tratamento vem sendo bastante empregada pela população brasileira, sendo a maioria através do uso empírico. Diversas patologias têm sido tratadas através da utilização popular de plantas medicinais, sendo uma das principais as doenças do trato respiratório. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar se existem evidências científicas para o uso popular das espécies de Rutaceae: Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle, Citrus aurantium L., Citrus limonum Risso, Citrus medica L., Citrus sinensis Osbeck e Ruta graveolens L. na região Sudeste, para problemas respiratórios. Foram considerados artigos sobre estudos farmacológicos envolvendo doenças respiratórias, assim como sobre a ação anti-inflamatória e anti-bacteriana das espécies. A revisão mostrou que a presença de flavonóides, hidrocarbonetos terpênicos e monoterpênicos nos extratos e nos óleos essenciais dessas plantas causam um efeito anti-inflamatório, através da inibição de mediadores pró-inflamatórios iNOS e COX-2; e atividade anti-bacteriana, analisada por meio do método de difusão em disco. O trabalho mostrou que apesar do intenso uso da população da região Sudeste do Brasil de espécies medicinais da família Rutaceae para tratamento de doenças do trato respiratório, ainda existem poucos estudos que evidenciem cientificamente as ações farmacológicas, justificando assim a grande necessidade de estudos clínicos para tratamentos feitos com a utilização das espécies estudadas.
ATENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA DOMICILIAR A HIPERTENSOS: EXPERIÊNCIA BASEADA NO MÉTODO DADER DE ACOMPANHAMENTO FARMACOTERAPÊUTICO
Authors: BIGUELINI Cristina Poll
Published: May 2014

A profissão do farmacêutico encontra-se em um momento de grandes transformações, assumindo mais responsabilidades e conquistando novas áreas, porém, em meio a isso, volta à tona o questionamento do principal papel deste profissional, direcionado a ensinar, orientar e fazer da atenção farmacêutica uma prática diária, de forma inovadora e audaciosa, capaz de demonstrar a todos o verdadeiro papel do profissional farmacêutico, com um interesse primordial no paciente. É neste contexto que se desenvolveu tal pesquisa de campo, com formato qualitativo exploratório, que objetivou a classificação dos problemas relacionados aos medicamentos (PRM) de um grupo de pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, baseando-se no método DADER
de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico, para com isso ressaltar a importância e a necessidade da atuação do profissional nos programas de saúde comunitária. Como resultado observou-se a predominância do PRM 1 (o paciente apresenta um problema de saúde por não utilizar algum medicamento que necessita), seguido pelo PRM 4 (inefetividade quantitativa do medicamento). Ou seja, 53% dos PRM encontraram-se no nível de necessidade, 34.30% no nível de efetividade e 12.60% no de segurança. Concluindo-se que a terapia medicamentosa, quando alicerçada na atenção farmacêutica pode reduzir os riscos e danos possíveis da farmacoterapia, pois quando os medicamentos são dispensados por profissionais informados, para pacientes que entendem e compartilham a responsabilidade, o seu uso também o é.
AVALIAÇÃO DA INDUÇÃO DE HIPERLIPIDEMIA EM RATOS POR DEXAMETASONA E ÓLEO DE COCO
Authors: CELESKI Izabel Cristina , FERGUTZ Jaqueline Kock , PEREIRA Eduardo Manoel , ZÉTOLA Melissa , BAZZO Giovana Carolina , PEZZINI Bianca Ramos
Published: May 2014

As doenças cardiovasculares são causa crescente e relevante de óbitos em todo o mundo e as dislipidemias constituem importantes fatores de risco para seu desencadeamento. Uma vez que não são passíveis de monitoramento direto pelo paciente, as complicações das dislipidemias surgem de forma insidiosa. Assim, a
conduta terapêutica envolve, além de mudanças de hábitos alimentares, a prevenção das complicações cardiovasculares em longo prazo que podem ser advindas da permanência de níveis aumentados de lipídios. Assim, este estudo teve como propósito realizar a padronização de um modelo de indução de hiperlipidemia para posterior avaliação da atividade hipolipemiante de medicamentos. Ratos machos Wistar foram tratados com dexametasona (Dex) por via intraperitoneal (i.p.) por 30 dias e/ou com óleo de coco per os (p.o.) durante 14 dias e os níveis de colesterol total e frações e de triglicerídeos foram dosados no soro dos animais. A administração do óleo de coco mostrou-se promotora de hipertrigliceridemia significativa, mas que não foi acompanhada de hipercolesterolemia. Resultado semelhante foi obtido através da administração de Dex durante um mês. Porém, a exposição crônica à Dex conduziu à perda de pelos, emagrecimento, apatia e morte dos animais. Animais que receberam óleo de coco associado à Dex apresentaram maior taxa de mortalidade em relação à administração isolada de Dex. Então, o tratamento de ratos Wistar com óleo de coco durante 14 dias foi padronizado para a avaliação de formulações farmacêuticas contendo fibratos, que são os fármacos mais eficazes em reduzir os níveis de triglicerídeos.
RISCO DE ANEMIA FERROPRIVA EM CRIANÇAS COM BAIXOS NÍVEIS DE FERRITINA
Authors: CASTRO Renata Gonçalves de , MARTINS-JÚNIOR José Abreu , LIMA Luciana Moreira
Published: May 2014

Em crianças pré-escolares a anemia ferropriva pode comprometer a capacidade de aprendizagem, além de produzir efeitos comportamentais como a falta de atenção, fadiga e cansaço que podem levar ao baixo rendimento escolar. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o número de crianças de 02 a 06 anos que realizaram as dosagens de ferritina, ferro sérico e hemograma, com suspeita de anemia ferropriva, num laboratório clínico, no primeiro semestre de 2011, buscando avaliar os resultados dos referidos exames e estabelecer a prevalência de anemia ferropriva nos indivíduos estudados. Foi conduzido um estudo observacional descritivo do tipo transversal. Através do software SADIG-BI, utilizado para gerenciamento de dados, foram selecionadas 363 crianças de 02 a 06 anos que realizaram os exames ferritina, ferro sérico e hemograma no período de 01/01/2011 a 31/07/2011. As crianças do sexo masculino apresentaram níveis plasmáticos de ferritina significativamente mais baixos quando comparadas com as crianças do sexo feminino (p<0,05). Com relação aos parâmetros ferro sérico e hemoglobina, não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os participantes dos dois sexos. Das 363 crianças estudadas, 9 (2,5%) apresentavam anemia ferropriva (Hb ≤11,0 g/dL e Ferritina ≤12 ng/mL). Foi observada uma baixa prevalência de anemia ferropriva nas crianças estudadas. O achado mais importante deste estudo foi o risco quase cinco vezes maior do desenvolvimento de anemia ferropriva em crianças que apresentaram níveis plasmáticos de ferritina menores ou iguais a 12 ng/mL, sugerindo que este valor pode ser considerado o melhor ponto de corte para a população estudada.
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL FARMACOTERAPÊUTICO E DOENÇAS PREVALENTES EM PACIENTES IDOSOS ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO - SP
Authors: MERCEDES Gustavo Santos , CARMO MERCEDES Bruna Paiva do , OLIVEIRA João Carlos Nunes de , SAKAMOTO Luiz Maçao , DA SILVA PASSOS Nilva Maria Rodrigues Rocha
Published: May 2014

No Brasil considera-se idoso o indivíduo com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. As mudanças fisiológicas relacionadas ao envelhecimento podem alterar a farmacocinética e a farmacodinâmica dos fármacos, e aumenta consumo de medicamentos caracterizando a prática da polifarmácia, faz com que idosos estejam suscetíveis com maior freqüência a efeitos adversos e uso medicamentos inadequados. Um medicamento é considerado inadequado quando o risco de sua utilização supera o benefício, pois se trata de fármacos com alto risco de reações adversas a medicamento, sem evidências suficientes de benefícios e por existirem alternativas terapêuticas mais seguras. Objetivos foram analisar o perfil de utilização de medicamentos, patologias mais prevalentes, e identificar os fármacos considerados inapropriados para uso em idosos. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa em uma amostra de 50 participantes escolhidos aleatoriamente. Observou-se a presença de 35 patologias entre os idosos, destacando-se as doenças crônicas como diabetes mellitus tipo2 e hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Identificou-se a prescrição de um total de 362 fármacos, com média de 7,24 medicamentos prescritos por paciente e, que variou de dois a 13. O uso inadequado de medicamentos, segundo critérios de Beer, esteve presente 56% das prescrições em idosos. Conclui-se, que a prevalência de doenças crônicas nessa faixa etária tenha contribuído para a prática da polifarmácia, ao uso medicamentos inadequados, sugerindo medidas alternativas de farmacoterapia para segurança, eficácia terapêutica
ao uso de fármacos entre os idosos.
AVALIAÇÃO PRELIMINAR DA ESTABILIDADE DE EMULSÕES NÃO IÔNICAS CONTENDO ÁCIDO KÓJICO A 2,0 % MANIPULADAS EM FARMÁCIAS MAGISTRAIS
Authors: VIEGAS Cristiana Roman , MENDEZ Andreas S. L.
Published: May 2014

Formulações emulsionadas contendo ácido kójico são comuns entre os produtos cosméticos para clareamento cutâneo. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a estabilidade preliminar de loções não iônicas contendo ácido kójico a 2,0 %, manipuladas em farmácias magistrais. As formulações foram adquiridas em 04 estabelecimentos farmacêuticos do município de Porto Alegre-RS. As amostras, em frascos de polietileno, foram submetidas à estocagem a 25 e 45ºC e analisadas nos tempos zero, 7, 15, 30 e 60 dias. As amostras foram avaliadas através das seguintes determinações: características organolépticas, pH, teste de centrifugação e determinação de peso da embalagem. Os caracteres organolépticos se apresentaram com modificações a partir de 7 dias de estocagem, em amostras a 45 ºC. Quanto ao pH, as amostras a 45 ºC apresentaram redução do valor inicial, com acréscimo de acidez ao longo do tempo. Neste caso, a centrifugação das amostras não provocou modificação no parâmetro avaliado, nem levou à separação de fases. Para a determinação de peso, os resultados ilustraram uma leve modificação no peso das amostras estocadas a 45 ºC, ilustrando a necessidade de atenção para o material de acondicionamento. Os ensaios desenvolvidos reforçam a importância de atenção na estabilidade de produtos cosméticos contendo ácido kójico, em especial no conhecimento da base galênica e no armazenamento do produto.
Automatische Extraktion von Fachterminologie aus Volltexten
Authors: Bredack Juliane , Lepsky Klaus
Published: May 2014

Fachterminologie in wissenschaftlichen Texten liegt häufig in Form von Phrasen oder Mehrwortgruppen vor. Vorgestellt wird ein algorithmisches Verfahren zur Identifikation und Extraktion fachtermi­nologischer Mehrwortgruppen. Besonderer Schwerpunkt ist die Einbindung von Funktionswörtern der deutschen Sprache, um die Extraktion komplexer Mehrwortkonstruktionen zu ermöglichen. Eingesetzt wurde das automatische Indexierungssystem Lingo. Die Ergebnisse für eine Extraktion kunsthistorischer Fachterminologie aus dem Reallexikon zur Deutschen Kunstgeschichte belegen die Tauglichkeit des Verfahrens.
Zentrale Koordinierung in der Bestandserhaltung von Archiven und Bibliotheken: Ein Rückblick auf den „Rahmenvertrag Massenentsäuerung“ für Bundeseinrichtungen
Authors: Kriese Sven
Published: May 2014

Der Beitrag beschreibt die im Zeitraum von 1998 bis 2013 getroffenen Entscheidungen und durchgeführten Maßnahmen im Rahmen von Koordinierungen zur Bestandserhaltung in Bundeseinrichtungen. Es werden sowohl die unterschiedlichen Anforderungen von Archiven und Bibliotheken wie auch die daraus abgeleitete Vorgehensweise betrachtet. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei die Verfahren zur Erhaltung der Originale wie etwa Massenentsäuerung und maschinelle Papierspaltung sowie die damit verbundenen vertraglichen Rahmenbedingungen. Am Ende findet sich eine kurze Betrachtung über mögliche Chancen für derzeitige Koordinierungsbestrebungen zur Bestandserhaltung.
Cubic tessellations of the didicosm
Authors: Mixer M. , Hubard I. , Pellicer D. , Weiss A. I.
Published: May 2014

Up to isomorphism, there is a unique fixed-point-free crystallographic group generated by two (2-fold) twists whose non-intersecting axes have perpendicular directions. Identifying points in E3 which are in the same orbit under the action of this group yields the flat, closed 3-manifold known as the didicosm (also as the Hantzsche-Wendt manifold). When this group is realized as a group of symmetries of the standard cubical tessellation in E3, the resulting quotient gives a cubical tessellation on the didicosm. This paper describes a complete classification of these cubical tessellations on the didicosm into ten classes, according to their automorphism groups.
Isometries of complemented sub-Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Hladky R. K.
Published: May 2014

We show that the smooth isometries of a complemented sub-Riemannian manifold form a Lie group and establish dimension estimates based on the torsion of the canonical connection. We explore the interaction of curvature and the structure of isometries and Killing fields and derive a Bochner formula for Killing fields. Sub-Riemannian generalizations of classical results of Bochner and Berger are established. We also apply our theory to common sub-categories of complemented sub-Riemannian geometries and show how to compute the isometry groups for several examples, including SO(n), SL(n) and the rototranslation group.
Proof-Reading Aristotle’s Rhetoric
Authors: Dow Jamie
Published: May 2014

Abstract: This paper offers a new interpretation of the first chapter of Aristotle’s Rhetoric and of Aristotle’s understanding of rhetoric throughout the treatise. I defend the view that, for Aristotle, rhetoric was a skill in offering the listener ‘proofs’ (pisteis), that is, proper grounds for conviction. His arguments in the opening chapters of the treatise state and defend this controversial, epistemically normative view against the rival views of Gorgias, Thrasymachus and the rhetorical handbook writers, on the one hand, and against those of Plato, on the other. Aristotle defends his view on the basis that rhetoric is a skill in discharging an important role in the state – the role of helping citizens to good publicly-deliberated judgements.
Fundamental validation for surface texture imaging using a microsphere as a laser-trapping-based microprobe
Authors: Michihata Masaki , Takami Kosuke , Hayashi Terutake , Takaya Yasuhiro
Published: May 2014

A surface imaging technique using a laser-trapped microsphere is proposed. The goal of this research is to image the surface texture, while simultaneously measuring the position of the engineered surfaces using the laser-trapping-based microprobe. This paper presents an investigation of imaging characteristics for the microsphere technique. Depending on the distance from the surface to the microsphere, the available images could be either real or virtual. Virtual images had a higher contrast than real images. Contrast and magnification varies depending on the positions of the focal point of the objective lens and surface.
Characterizations of a special family of Hq-semiclassical orthogonal q-polynomials of class one
Authors: Barhoumi Najoua , Ben Salah Imed
Published: May 2014

Our aim is to characterize a large family of
Lebenslanges Lernen und E-Learning in Bibliotheken
Authors: Nachtwey Frank , Sterz Alexandra
Published: May 2014

Das Land Baden-Württemberg fördert im Rahmen des Bündnisses für Lebenslanges Lernen innovative Formen der Weiterbildung und stellt dafür unter anderem eine Lernplattform auf ILIAS-Basis zur Verfügung. Auf deren Grundlage hat die Stadtbibliothek Ludwigsburg eine eigene Lernplattform konzipiert und den individuellen Anforderungen entsprechend angepasst. Seit Mitte Juli 2013 können NutzerInnen mit gültigem Benutzerausweis zeit- und ortsunabhängig auf Sprach-, Wirtschafts- und EDV-Kurse zugreifen. Der Artikel beschreibt die Rahmenbedingungen des Ludwigsburger Projekts und gibt einen Einblick in die aktuellen Entwicklungen.
Schulbibliotheken vernetzt – ein Zukunftsmodell?
Authors: Vetter Simone
Published: May 2014

Eine Kreisverwaltung in Mittelhessen vernetzt mittlerweile 70 Schul-, kombinierte Schul- und Gemeindebibliotheken und das regionale Medienzentrum miteinander und erreicht damit eine einzigartige, mehrfach ausgezeichnete Qualitätsbasis für die Vermittlung von Medien- und Informationskompetenz für Schüler/innen und Lehrer/innen. Der Aufbau von IT-Infrastruktur und zentralen bibliotheksfachlichen Dienstleistungen, die Unterstützung der ehrenamtlichen Mitarbeiter/innen vor Ort und die vielseitigen und konstruktiv genutzten Kommunikationswege zwischen zentraler Servicestelle und Netzwerkteilnehmern, finanzielle Unterstützung, zentrale Online-Lizenzen und fruchtbringende Kooperationen sind zentrale Aspekte der Arbeit des Fachpersonals der Kreisverwaltung.
Investment lags and macroeconomic dynamics
Authors: Jung Yong-Gook
Published: May 2014

This study examines the dynamics and the fit of a time-to-build model. The benchmark model employs the investment adjustment cost specification of Christiano, Eichenbaum, and Evans (2005) and the alternative model utilizes the time-to-build specification of Casares (2006). The Bayesian estimation result conveys the following implications: In general, the time-to-build model generates similar dynamics as the benchmark model. But it does not improve the fit of the model to the data. The model comparison, based on marginal likelihood and simulation results, makes the benchmark model the winner of the horse race.
Influence of bio-coatings on the recording performance of neural electrodes
Authors: Chow Winnie W.Y. , Herwik Stanislav , Kisban Sebastian , Ruther Patrick , Neves Herc , Oscarsson Sven , Göthelid Emmanuelle
Published: May 2014

Neural probes are complex devices consisting of metallic (often Pt based) electrodes, spread over an insolating/dielectric backbone. Their functionality is often limited in time because of the formation of scaring tissues around the implantation tracks. Functionalization of the probes surface can be used to limit the glial scar reaction. This is however challenging, as this treatment has to be equally efficient on all probe surfaces (metallic as well as dielectric) and should not influence the electrodes performances. This paper presents a novel technique to functionalize recording neural probes with hyaluronic acid (HyA), a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). HyA and the probe surface are both modified to make the reaction feasible: HyA is chemically functionalized with SS-pyridine groups while the probe surfaces are silanized. The thiol groups thus introduced on the probe surface can then react with the HyA SS-pyridine group, resulting in a covalent bonding of the latter on the former. The electrodes are protected by introducing a pretreatment step, namely an additional hyaluronic acid layer on the platinum electrode, prior to the silanization process, which was found to be effective in reducing electrode impedance under optimized conditions.