bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does nuclear energy consumption mitigate carbon emissions in leading countries by nuclear power consumption? Evidence from quantile causality approach
Authors: Pan Bohuang , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday , Ibrahim Ridwan Lanre , Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh
Published: August 2022

Nuclear energy has sparked international attention as one of the most important strategies for reducing emissions thanks to its ability to provide low-carbon power. Based on this interesting fact, the current research explores the effect of nuclear energy on CO2 emissions in the leading countries by nuclear power consumption using a quarterly dataset from 1990 to 2019. The study employs the quantile-on-quantile (QQ) estimator, which accounts for both non-parametric and conventional analyses and enhances the provision of unbiased and consistent estimates. In addition, the Granger causality in quantiles approach is adopted to assess the causality in quantiles between the variables of investigation. The outcomes from the QQ estimator reveals that in the majority of the quantiles, nuclear energy contributes to decreased degradation of the environment in the USA, France, Russia, South Korea, Canada, Ukraine, Germany, and Sweden. Contrawise, the feedbacks from Spain and China expose that Nuclear Energy Consumption (NUC) contributes to the deterioration of the environment. Moreover, the outcomes of the causality test disclose that nuclear energy and CO2 emissions can predict each other in the majority of the quantiles. The findings above provide profound ramifications for policymakers planning nuclear energy and CO2-emission policies towards achieving sustainable environment in the sample countries and beyond..
#mothersday: Constructions of motherhood and femininity in social media posts
Authors: Capdevila Rose , Dann Charlotte , Lazard Lisa , Roper Sandra , Locke Abigail
Published: August 2022

Images and representations of parenting, and particularly mothering, have become commonplace on social media platforms over the past decade. These displays, however, take place in the context of popular contemporary discourses around gender and parenting that are in many ways prescriptive. This paper explores the constructions of mothering online through an analysis of posts about mothers on Mother’s Day from 2018 to 2020. Data were collected from Instagram and Twitter using hashtags such as #mothersday, #happymothersday and #motheringsunday. Both content and thematic analyses were conducted. This paper will consider three main themes that were identified in the data: “Beauty & biology”; “Grief & loss” and “Care (& COVID)”, with a focus on constructions of gendered parenting and family through the explicit celebration of the lives and roles of mothers. The findings provide insight into normative constructions of gender and how these are mediated through the affordances of social media platforms in a neoliberal context.
Discrimination of Gonipterini weevil genera using near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Johnson Joel B
Published: August 2022

This proof-of-concept study aimed to investigate the potential of using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to discriminate between genera of Gonipterini weevil. NIR spectra (10,000–4,000 cm−1) were collected from 15 Gonipterini specimens, comprising three genera and five species. Principal component analysis (PCA) highlighted the inter-specific variation in NIR spectra, with separation observed between most species across the first two principal components. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) could be used to differentiate between the genera (78% accuracy), although support vector machine (SVM) modelling gave improved accuracy (91%). The results support the prospect of NIR spectroscopy for the rapid discrimination between Gonipterini genera.
The Effects of Deoxyelephantopin on the Akt/mTOR/P70S6K Signaling Pathway in MCF-7 Breast Carcinoma Cells In Vitro
Authors: Fazil Wan Failiza Wan Mohamad , Amanah Azimah , Abduraman Muhammad Asyraf , Sulaiman Shaida Fariza , Wahab Habibah Abdul , Tan Mei Lan
Published: August 2022

Objective

To determine the effects of deoxyelephantopin on mTOR and its related target molecules (Akt/mTOR/P70S6K) in the ER-positive breast cancer cell line.

Materials and Methods

Primary in silico simulations were determined, and the effects of deoxyelephantopin on the phosphorylation of the Akt/mTOR/P70S6K molecules were evaluated using AlphaScreen-based assays and western blot analysis, respectively.

Results

Based on the estimated FEB and K i values, deoxyelephantopin appeared to have a stronger affinity toward P70S6K as compared with Akt and mTOR. Both deoxyelephantopin and control inhibitors were observed to form hydrogen bonds with the same key residue, Leu175 of the P70S6K molecule. Deoxyelephantopin downregulated the p-P70S6K protein expression significantly from 18 µM ( p < 0.05) and onward. Based on the AlphaScreen assay, deoxyelephantopin produced a concentration-dependent inhibition on the phosphorylation of P70S6K with an IC50 value of 7.13 µM.

Conclusion

Deoxyelephantopin induced cell death in MCF-7 cells possibly via DNA fragmentation, inhibition of the phosphorylation of P70SK6, and downregulation of the relative p-p70S6K protein expression levels.
Topology-optimization based design of multi-degree-of-freedom compliant mechanisms (mechanisms with multiple pseudo-mobility)
Authors: Seltmann Stephanie , Campanile Lucio Flavio , Hasse Alexander
Published: August 2022

Unlike conventional mechanisms, compliant mechanisms produce the desired deformations by exploiting elastic strain. The mobility of a conventional mechanism is the number of independent coordinates needed to define a configuration of the mechanism. The corresponding concept applicable to compliant mechanisms is the so-called pseudo-mobility defined as the number of scalar parameters needed to identify one single desired deformation of a compliant mechanism. In the case of compliant mechanisms with multiple pseudo-mobility, only synthesis approaches for relatively simple mechanisms exist so far, while systems for more complex tasks like shape adaptation are not covered. In addition, only a limited choice of transverse loads are considered in those approaches. In this paper, a novel optimization algorithm is presented that addresses these two shortcomings. This algorithm is based on a two-step iterative procedure in which the load-case dependency of the deformation is minimized and desired deformations are imposed. The algorithm is tested on mechanisms of different complexity. It could be demonstrated that the new procedure is well suited for the synthesis of different types of compliant mechanisms.
Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Expanded Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in Community and University Samples
Authors: Lagera Lourdes M. , Sellbom Martin
Published: August 2022

The aim of the current study was to further examine the psychometric properties of the Expanded Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (E-LSRP; Christian & Sellbom, 2016). Specifically, its reliability, internal structure, and convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated using university ( N = 367) and community samples ( N = 205) from Aotearoa New Zealand. The results provided support for the reliability and validity of the E-LSRP in both samples. More specifically, the internal consistency estimates of the E-LSRP were above the meaningful threshold, indicating good reliability. Furthermore, using confirmatory factor analysis, the hypothesized three-factor structure was supported and conceptually consistent with Cooke and Michie’s (2001) Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) three-factor model. Lastly, the results generally provided support for the convergent and discriminant validity of the E-LSRP subscales; the E-LSRP Egocentricity was associated with criteria relevant to interpersonal impairment, the Callous scale with criteria relevant to the affective psychopathy domain, and the Antisocial scale with criteria representing behavioral dysfunction. Overall, the E-LSRP is a promising tool for assessing psychopathy in nonincarcerated populations.
A Nurse-Led mHealth Self-Management Program (mChemotherapy) for Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Shi Nuo , Wong Arkers K. C. , Wong Frances K. Y. , Zhang Nan , Lai Xiaobin , Gan Lu
Published: August 2022

Background

The global pandemic has caused breast cancer (BC) patients who are receiving chemotherapy to face more challenges in taking care of themselves than usual. A novel nurse-led mHealth program (mChemotherapy) is designed to foster self-management for this population. The aim of the pilot study is to determine the feasibility, usability, and acceptability of an mChemotherapy program for breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The objective also is to evaluate the preliminary effects of this program on adherence to app usage, self-efficacy, quality of life, symptom burden, and healthcare utilization among this group of patients.

Methods

This is a single-blinded randomized controlled pilot study that includes one intervention group (mChemotherapy group) and one control group (routine care group). Ninety-four breast cancer patients who commence chemotherapy in a university-affiliated hospital will be recruited. Based on the Individual and Family Self-management Theory, this 6-week mChemotherapy program, which includes a combination of self-regulation activities and nurse-led support, will be provided. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, week 3 (T1), and week 6 (T2). A general linear model will be utilized for identifying the between-group, within-group, and interaction effects. Qualitative content analysis will be adopted to analyze, extract, and categorize the interview transcripts.

Discussions

Breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy are a population that often experiences a heavy symptom burden. During the pandemic, they have had difficulties in self-managing the side effects of chemotherapy due to the lack of face-to-face professional support. An mChemotherapy program will be adopted through a self-regulation process and with the provision of nurse-led real-time professional support for these patients. If proven effective, BC patients who engage in this program will be more likely to take an active role in managing their symptoms, take responsibility for their own health, and subsequently improve their self-efficacy and adherence to the use of the app.
Elastic and viscous bumpers for seismic mitigation of base-isolated liquid storage tanks in near-fault zones
Authors: Bagheri Saman , Farajian Mostafa
Published: August 2022

The use of friction pendulum system (FPS) as a base isolation system is one of the efficient and reliable techniques for seismic response reduction of liquid storage tanks. However, recent studies have shown that the FPS may experience substantial displacements under pulse-like near-fault earthquakes, which could lead to the collision of its articulated slider against the retainer ring. This internal impact in the FPS can make the isolation system less effective or even damaged. The best solution to this problem is to provide an appropriate displacement capacity of the FPS bearing to accommodate the resulting movements. However, due to any practical limitation or under extreme ground motions, the base displacement may exceed the displacement capacity provided and an internal impact may occur. This paper proposes and investigates the use of elastic and viscous bumpers in FPS-isolated tanks subjected to near-fault earthquakes to limit excessive bearing displacements and to prevent direct impact with the retainer. The material properties of the bumpers and their initial gap distance are used as variable parameters in the nonlinear time-history analyses of selected isolated tanks with different aspect ratios. The results, while showing the advantages of viscous bumpers over elastic ones, indicate the effectiveness of both shock absorbers in isolated tanks that are subject to large displacement demands. Based on the results of the parametric study, design recommendations are given for the use of such bumpers in FPS-isolated tanks.
Understanding Best Practices in Implementation of Behavioral Emergency Response Teams Through a Scoping Review
Authors: Rajwani Aliysa , Clark Natalie , Montalvo Cristina
Published: August 2022

Background:

Health care providers are at risk of suffering physical or emotional abuse from patients, family members, and visitors. This results in decreased job satisfaction, high turnover, increased rates of patient physical and pharmacologic restraint, and poor patient outcomes. Behavioral emergency response teams (BERTs) have proven effective in reducing workplace assaults directed at staff, reducing the rate at which behaviorally disruptive patients are physically or pharmacologically restrained and are associated with increased staff satisfaction.

Aims:

This scoping review seeks to highlight the best practices and limitations of BERT use with adult populations in hospital settings to guide future implementation across academic medical centers.

Method:

A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Tisch Library, and Tufts University School of Medicine’s search tool “Jumbo Search” to screen articles for a duration from 2000 to 2021. The review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines using three screens for the inclusion of papers most relevant to the review’s aims.

Results:

BERTs are commonly implemented with trained medical staff. The most common interventions used by the BERTs are de-escalation techniques and education for staff about the incidents. Most BERT implementation involves a proactive screening protocol for identifying high-risk patients and a team-based approach.

Conclusions:

BERTS are effective at reducing assaults directed at staff and are associated with increased staff satisfaction. Using a proactive process to identify high-risk patients for disruptive behavior in conjunction with a team-based response to behavioral emergencies, academic medical centers can decrease the use of physical restraints and increase staff satisfaction leading to a higher quality of care.
Centering Children's Voices and Purposes in Multimodality Research
Authors: Low David E. , Pandya Jessica Z.
Published: August 2022

The theorization of multimodality in academic scholarship is disconnected from how it is conceptualized by children. To bridge this gap, we analyzed 75 interviews with children about their digital video making. Analysis of their responses demonstrates children's socially-embedded, age-specific understandings of how modes operate, as well as when and why to employ them. In many cases, children's ideas ran counter to formal semiotic grammars and metalanguages of design. Bridging Systemic Functional Linguistics and social semiotics approaches with work in transliteracies, we argue for the need to advance age-centric social semiotic theories that center children's voices, purposes, and capacity to generate theory.
Comparative effectiveness and safety among different tip-design hemodialysis long-term catheters: A meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yunfeng , Shi Zhenwei , Zhao Yunyun , Tan Zhengli , Guo Hongxia , Lu Zhaoxuan
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare effectiveness and safety among different tip-design long-term hemodialysis (HD) catheters.

Materials and Methods:

PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched until 8 December 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies comparing step-tip, split-tip, or symmetrical-tip design catheters in patients undergoing HD will be included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used to evaluate the quality of RCTs and cohort studies. Data extracted from the articles were integrated to determine mean effective blood pump velocity (Qb), blood recirculation rates, secondary patency, catheter-related infection, catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI), thrombosis rates, and all-cause mortality for the three tip-designs. We performed meta-analysis on dichotomous outcomes using a random-effects model to evaluate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls). The effect sizes of continuous outcomes were reported as the mean difference (MD). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed. The study was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42021297069).

Results:

Six RCTs and 11 cohort studies of 2617 individuals were included in our meta-analysis, of which 1088 individuals inserted split-tip catheters, 897 individuals inserted step-tip catheters and 650 received symmetrical-tip design catheters. Sym-tip performed better in mean Qb (MD = 43.85, 95% Cl = 18.13–69.56, p = 0.0008) than step-tip. Split-tip had better outcomes vs step-tip in blood recirculation (RR = 3.44, 95% Cl = 2.49–4.39, p < 0.00001). Sym-tip had significantly better outcomes compared with step-tip (RR = 0.28, 95%Cl = 0.09–0.81, Z = 2.34, p = 0.02) and split-tip (RR = 0.19, 95% Cl = 0.09–0.43, p < 0.0001) in thrombotic events. No significant difference was found in secondary patency, infection rates, CRBSI, and all-cause mortality among the three tip-designs.

Conclusion:

The sym-tip of tunneled cuffed catheters performed better mean Qb, lower thrombotic events, and lower blood recirculation when blood line reversed, which may have an advantage over other two catheter-tips.
Health and wellness but at what cost? Technology media justifications for wearable technology use in organizations
Authors: Plester Barbara , Sayers Janet , Keen Caroline
Published: August 2022

Wearable technology (WT) use in organizations is accelerating despite ethical concerns about personal privacy, data security, and stress from increased surveillance. Technology media, a key producer of meanings about WT, gives some attention to these issues but they also routinely promote WT as if they are a panacea for employee wellness. We critically analyze 150 media articles to understand how they justify the adoption of WT into organizational life. We contribute by extending previous work on surveillance technology to show how and why WT media discourses use neo-liberal justifications to justify WT implementation. We explore implications including competing health and wellness discourses and make suggestions for further research.
Psychiatry training in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: Ongoing gaps and emerging opportunities
Authors: Marrus Natasha , Koth Kathleen A , Hellings Jessica A , McDonald Rachel , Gwynette McLeod Frampton , Muhle Rebecca , Lohr William D , Vasa Roma A
Published: August 2022

Autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability are associated with psychiatric comorbidities, yet a 2009 study of US child and adolescent psychiatry program directors indicated that psychiatry residents receive insufficient training in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability. This follow-up study surveyed child and adolescent psychiatry and general psychiatry program directors to assess (1) the current extent of residency training in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability, (2) program director perceptions of educational topics and resident competency in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability, and (3) preferred resources to strengthen autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability training. As in 2009, many child and adolescent psychiatry program directors reported few lecture hours, although current child and adolescent psychiatry residents saw slightly more patients with autism spectrum disorder but not intellectual disability. General psychiatry program directors reported fewer lecture hours in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability and fewer patients with autism spectrum disorder than child and adolescent psychiatry program directors. Both child and adolescent psychiatry and general psychiatry program directors recognized the importance of a range of educational topics in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability. Child and adolescent psychiatry program directors reported higher resident competency, and lecture hours and patients seen moderately correlated with resident competency. Program directors indicated that online videos and other resources would help improve autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability training in their programs. Collectively, these findings suggest minimal improvements in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability training over the past decade and highlight the urgent need to advance psychiatry training in this field through dissemination of resources.

Lay abstract

Children, adolescents, and adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability experience high rates of co-occurring psychiatric conditions throughout their lifetime. However, there is a shortage of psychiatrists to treat these populations. We evaluated how much education psychiatrists-in-training receive on how to care for individuals with autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability. We found that in many psychiatry programs, residents receive limited training experiences in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability involving lectures and patient contact and that psychiatry program directors would benefit from more resources to strengthen education in autism spectrum disorder/intellectual disability.
A machine learning-enhanced design optimizer for urban cooling
Authors: Hao Tongping , Huang Jianxiang , He Xinyu , Li Lishuai , Jones Phil
Published: August 2022

Urban cooling becomes a priority in urban planning and design practices. Limited by the slow running speed and prescriptive nature, existing computational tools such as simulation and optimization are yet to be fully integrated in the design decision-making process. This paper describes the Machine Learning-Enhanced Design Optimizer (MLEDO), a novel workflow in search of optimal design option for urban cooling. A physics-based simulation model was developed to assess the cooling performances of a large database of urban design variations. The database was used to train an Artificial Neural Network model, which was then linked with a Genetic Algorithm to rapidly identify optimal design options. The MLEDO workflow was evaluated using a new development urban site against a traditional Simulation-based Genetic Algorithm Design Optimizer (SGADO) as well as human designers. MLEDO outperformed the latter two in terms of efficiency and the performance of the optimal design options. It can also quantify the importance of design parameters in their contribution to cooling performances, which can be used to enhance the understanding of human designers and inform design revisions. MLEDO has the potential to be further developed into a software tool in support of early-stage urban design.
Interactive optimization of embedding-based text similarity calculations
Authors: Witschard Daniel , Jusufi Ilir , Martins Rafael M , Kucher Kostiantyn , Kerren Andreas
Published: August 2022

Comparing text documents is an essential task for a variety of applications within diverse research fields, and several different methods have been developed for this. However, calculating text similarity is an ambiguous and context-dependent task, so many open challenges still exist. In this paper, we present a novel method for text similarity calculations based on the combination of embedding technology and ensemble methods. By using several embeddings, instead of only one, we show that it is possible to achieve higher quality, which in turn is a key factor for developing high-performing applications for text similarity exploitation. We also provide a prototype visual analytics tool which helps the analyst to find optimal performing ensembles and gain insights to the inner workings of the similarity calculations. Furthermore, we discuss the generalizability of our key ideas to fields beyond the scope of text analysis.
Affectively Entertaining: Dating/Games During a “Limited Military Exercise”
Authors: Borchard Kurt
Published: August 2022

Here the author presents a collage of inter-relatable quotations. The excerpts include discourses from/regarding reality dating shows, media coverage of Ukraine’s invasion, gamification in dating apps, the role of affect in media remixing and sense-making, military and business strategy, computerized games, and literary authors and social theory. Questions emerge: How do various forms of popular/social media “interpellate” us? How does affect precede and result from participation, watching, and/or collaboration? How might varied discursive contexts present overlapping (and destabilizing) phrasing and points of focus across platforms? The performative text is designed to meet the moment.
Acute Limb Arterial Ischemia Following Iliac Vein Stenting in the Setting of a Frozen Pelvis
Authors: Trinidad Bradley , Berman Scott S , Labropoulos Nicos , Pacanowski John , Yanquez Federico , Chen Winsor , Leon Luis R
Published: August 2022

The authors report on a young patient with previous radiation to her pelvis who presented with acute limb ischemia following iliac vein stenting believed to be secondary to extrinsic iliac artery compression in the setting of a frozen pelvis. She underwent revascularization and a trans-femoral amputation, ultimately needing a femoral to femoral artery crossover bypass in order to achieve amputation stump healing. This case describes a potential arterial complication of venous stenting in a previously irradiated field.
4,8-dicarboxyl-8,9-iridoid-1-glycoside Promotes Neural Stem Cell Differentiation Through MeCP2
Authors: Wang WeiBing , Liu Zhen , Jing BaoSheng , Mai HaiMin , Jiao Hong , Guan Teng , Chen DanGui , Kong JiMing , Pan Tao
Published: August 2022

Background

Borojó (Borojoa patinoi Cuatrec) fruit has recently been shown to have a variety of health benefit, but the mechanisms have been little studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4,8-dicarboxyl-8,9-iridoid-1-glycoside (388) on proliferation and differentiation of embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs).

Methods

NSCs were treated with 388 and stem cell differentiation was determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The role of MeCP2 in 388-mediated embryonic NSCs differentiation was examined.

Results

The results showed that in the presence of mitogen when NSCs proliferated and maintained their multipotency, treatment with 388 did not affect the viability of NSCs. Following mitogen withdrawal to initiate NSC differentiation, treatment with 388 at the doses of 10 and 50 μg/mL significantly increased neural differentiation in both cortex and spinal cord-derived culture. 388 also significantly up-regulated MeCP2 expression. The expression of the neuronal and oligodendrocytic markers was enhanced after addition of 388 in the differentiation culture. However, knockdown of MeCP2 results in inhibition of NSC differentiation, and the pro-differentiation effect of 388 was mostly abolished.

Conclusions

This study confirmed that 388 stimulates differentiation of NSCs and identifies its mechanism of action by upregulating MeCP2.
Treatment strategies for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: outcomes of multimodal treatment approaches
Authors: Na Ji-Hoon , Jung Da Eun , Kang Hee Jung , Kang Hoon-Chul , Kim Heung Dong
Published: August 2022

Background:

Multimodal treatment approaches are often considered for patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS). Creating an algorithm that can guide healthcare providers in selecting treatment options for patients with LGS remains a challenge. Herein, we assessed the long-term seizure-free and neurodevelopmental outcomes of stepwise multimodal treatment in patients with LGS.

Objective:

Herein, we assess the long-term seizure-free and neurodevelopmental outcomes of stepwise multimodal treatment in patients with LGS.

Methods:

We retrospectively examined the data of 371 patients with LGS who underwent stepwise multimodal treatment, including antiseizure medication (ASM) therapy, dietary therapy (DT), resective epilepsy surgery (R-ES), and palliative epilepsy surgery (P-ES). The seizure-free outcome was considered to be the effect of the final treatment according to the treatment algorithm, and the percentage of patients who remained seizure-free in each treatment group was calculated. ASM treatment, DT, R-ES, and P-ES were applied to 371 (100%), 201 (54.2%), 112 (30.2%), and 115 (31.0%) patients with LGS, respectively. We evaluated the stepwise multimodal treatment outcomes in these patients.

Results:

One hundred sixty-eight patients (45.3%) remained seizure-free for at least 1 year (seizure-free-for-1-year group), 61 of whom (16.5%) remained seizure-free for more than 5 years (remained-seizure-free group). Among the patients treated with ASM therapy, DT, R-ES, and P-ES, 41 (11.1%), 53 (14.3%), 56 (15.1%), and 29 (7.8%), respectively, remained seizure-free for 1 year. In addition, 15 (4.1%), 15 (4.1%), 19 (5.1%), and 12 (3.2%) patients in the ASM, DT, R-ES, and P-ES treatment groups, respectively, remained seizure-free for more than 5 years. Both the seizure-free-for-1-year and remained-seizure-free groups showed significant improvement in electroencephalography findings and neurodevelopmental status following treatment.

Conclusion:

This study provides an update on the long-term seizure outcomes and neurodevelopmental improvements in a large cohort of patients with LGS following comprehensive multimodal treatment. We emphasize that the active combination of multiple ASMs, DT, and surgical treatment could provide long-term seizure-free outcomes and significant neurological benefits to patients with LGS.
Comprehensive Network Pharmacological Analysis and In Vitro Verification Reveal the Potential Active Ingredients and Potential Mechanisms of Frankincense and Myrrh in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Shi Xiaoqing , Jie Lishi , Wu Peng , Mao Jun , Wang Peimin , Liu Zixiu , Yin Songjiang
Published: August 2022

Background: Frankincense and myrrh (FM) are often used together to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, the underlying mechanism of its treatment of KOA remains unclear. Objective: To analyze the active components of FM through network pharmacology and in vitro experiments, and to explore its potential therapeutic mechanism in the treatment of KOA. Materials and methods: The protein mapping relationship between potential drug targets and disease targets was screened and constructed through the database. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using R software. Discovery Studio software was used to perform molecular docking. The active components of FM were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In addition, experimental verification was carried out by Cell Counting Kit-8 detection, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. Results: Combining the results of network pharmacology and LC-MS, 31 active compounds and 94 target genes of FM were identified. The common genes of FM and KOA suggest that FM exerts anti-KOA effect by regulating genes such as Transcription factor Jun (JUN), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), Transcription factor p65 (RELA), and Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1). GO enrichment analysis showed that FM exerted therapeutic effects on KOA by regulating biological processes such as cell proliferation, cell migration, and apoptosis. In addition, KEGG enrichment analysis involved signaling pathways such as fluid shear stress, the TNF, PI3K-Akt, NF-κB, and MAPK. Consistently, in vivo experiments showed that FM inhibited IL-1β-induced MAPK activation and attenuated inflammation in mouse chondrocytes. Furthermore, FM inhibited IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of p65 and the process of p65 translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Conclusions: Our results provide conclusive evidence and deepen the current understanding of FM in the treatment of KOA and further support its clinical application.
School Nursing: Scope and Standards: What Is New and Important in the Fourth Edition?
Authors: Yonkaitis Catherine F. , Reiner Kathy L.
Published: August 2022

Scope and standards documents can seem abstract or academic but, in reality, they are important representations of the practice of nursing, in this case, school nursing. This article will highlight the latest updates and changes to the School Nursing: Scope and Standards of Professional Practice, Fourth edition, including a discussion of the newest standard—Advocacy.
Motorcycle Accidents are the Strongest Risk Factor for Panfacial Fractures Among Pediatric Patients
Authors: Stanbouly Dani , Koh Dylan , Halsey Jordan , Selvi Firat , Goudarzi Fereshteh , Arce Kevin , Chuang Sung-Kiang
Published: August 2022

Study Design

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Kids’ Inpatient Database from 2000 to 2014. Subjects were included if they were 18 years and younger and suffered any type of facial fracture.

Objective

The purpose this study was to determine the risk factors for incurring panfacial fractures among the pediatric population.

Methods

The primary predictor variables were a set of heterogenous variables that included patient characteristics, injury characteristics, hospitalization outcomes. The primary outcome variable was panfacial fracture. Logistic regression was used to determine the independent risk factors for panfacial fractures.

Results

Relative to infants and toddlers, teenagers were nearly three times more likely to sustain panfacial fractures ( P < .01). Relative to no chronic conditions, patients with one or more chronic conditions were more likely to incur panfacial fractures. Motorcycle accidents were over three times more likely ( P < .01) to result in panfacial fractures while car accidents were over two times more likely ( P < .01) to result in panfacial fractures. Falls were less likely (OR, .39; P < .01) to result in panfacial fractures.

Conclusions

Motor vehicle accidents was a major risk factor for panfacial fractures. Teenagers are also found to have an increased risk for panfacial fractures relative to infants and toddlers. Each additional chronic condition was a significant risk factor for suffering panfacial fractures relative to not having any chronic condition at all. In contrast, falls independently decreased the risk of incurring a panfacial fractures. Special attention should be given to safety precautions when occupying a motor vehicle.
Educating and engaging a new target audience about the problem of pain for society
Authors: Devonshire Elizabeth , Dodds Stella , Costa Daniel , Denham Rebecca , Fitzgerald Kylie , Schneider Carl R
Published: August 2022

Background: Pain education initiatives are typically targeted at health professionals, with less attention being placed on the education of other target audiences. Recent curriculum changes across undergraduate liberal studies degree programs at The University of Sydney presented an opportunity to develop an online course entitled Health Challenges: Pain and Society, which was aimed at a non-traditional target audience. To promote student engagement about the problem of pain for society, the course was designed using the Community of Inquiry framework. Research Design: This paper reports on an Educational Design Research study, investigating the effectiveness of the course in engaging students across two cohorts, in 2019 and 2020. Data Collection: Learning analytics were collected from the Learning Management System each year. The level of student engagement in non-assessable tasks was measured using multiple linear regression. Students’ degree type and majors were recorded. In 2020, the quality of student workbook responses was recorded. Results: In both cohorts, engagement with the workbooks was a predictor of academic achievement. In 2020, a significant interaction effect between quantity and quality of engagement was observed. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of designing online learning to facilitate successful engagement for non-traditional target audiences about the issue of chronic pain for society.
Recurrent malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast: An extremely rare case of recurrence with only rhabdomyosarcoma components
Authors: Han Jia , Liu Shuice , Shioya Akihoro , Kumagai Motona , Morioka Emi , Noguchi Miki , Inokuchi Masafumi , Yamada Sohsuke
Published: August 2022

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare disease that typically occurs in children. Rhabdomyosarcoma seldom occurs in the breast, and its diagnosis and treatment have infrequently been reported. The present case is a rare one of a recurrent malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast with only rhabdomyosarcoma components. A 69-year-old woman received a diagnosis of borderline phyllodes tumor of the left breast and underwent partial mastectomy. During follow-up, a left breast mass was found 1 year and 8 months after the previous surgery. Based on examination findings, it was suspected to be recurrent phyllodes tumor, so total left mastectomy was performed in our hospital. After the surgery, immunostaining failed to determine the epithelial component which may be produced by the proliferative part of stromal cells of previous phyllodes tumors. However, we could not exclude the possibility that this was a new tumor. After comparing samples with specimens from the first operation, it was finally determined to be a malignant phyllodes tumor with a rhabdomyosarcoma component. Therefore, chemotherapy was given, and vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide therapy was introduced. At the same time, radiation therapy was planned. Among phyllodes tumors, cases involving rhabdomyosarcoma components are very rare, especially those where the recurrence morphology only shows the same rhabdomyosarcoma components. This was a rare case with unique characteristics and great reference value.
An Individualized Recovery Task Checklist Which Served as an Educational Instrument in a Critically Ill and Intubated COVID-19 Patient
Authors: Stantz Ashley , Emilio Joel , Ahmad Sumera , Gajic Ognjen , Garrison Gregory , Boswell Christopher , Al Zahidy Misk
Published: August 2022

This case involves a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and massive pulmonary embolism requiring mechanical ventilation. His clinical course was complicated by delirium likely triggered by his critical illness and failed initial extubation, isolation from family, and escalating fear and desperation. In hopeful preparation for subsequent successful extubation, a unique approach was taken to decrease the risk of panic, delirium, and decompensation leading to reintubation. As a means of orienting him to his treatment pathway and to provide encouragement for continued recovery, an impromptu patient-directed checklist was constructed. The recovery checklist, written in simplified language, outlined the stages of severe illness that the patient had overcome after his emergent intubation. The list also outlined the tasks he needed to complete prior to hospital discharge. Unexpectedly, the checklist received a great deal of engagement from both the patient and medical team and played an important role in this patient’s successful recovery and rehabilitation.
Media Framings of the Transgender Athlete as “Legitimate Controversy”: The Case of Laurel Hubbard at the Tokyo Olympics
Authors: Scovel Shannon , Nelson Monica , Thorpe Holly
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we draw upon Hallin’s typology of journalistic writing to examine the role of the media in framing transgender participation in sport as a ‘legitimate controversy’, and thus up for public debate. Focusing on the media coverage before, during and after New Zealand weightlifter Laurel Hubbard’s debut at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, we reveal three key strategies used by journalists to frame the topic in polarizing terms: i) sourcing practices, ii) use of science, and iii) questioning of policy. Findings show that Hubbard’s voice and personal experiences were often left out of stories, replaced instead by the ‘authoritative’ voices of scientists and others (i.e., politicians, athletes, anti-trans groups) questioning her Olympic qualification and the International Olympic Committee policy for transgender athletes. Such framings prompt readers to ‘take a side’ in a polarizing debate, rather than encouraging more nuanced, ethical and empathetic responses to a complex issue. This study ultimately highlights the critical role that journalists play in controlling, shaping and/or shifting public opinion regarding the future of sport as an exclusionary or truly inclusive space.
COVID-19 Racism, Depressive Symptoms, Drinking to Cope Motives, and Alcohol Use Severity Among Asian American Emerging Adults
Authors: Keum Brian TaeHyuk , Choi Andrew Young
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has incited widespread anti-Asian racism, which is linked to numerous behavioral health consequences including depressive symptoms. As racism-induced depressive symptoms are linked to coping-related alcohol use and because alcohol-related problems represent a significant public health concern in this population, we investigated whether COVID-19 racism predicted alcohol use severity through depressive symptoms and drinking to cope motives among Asian American emerging adults ( N = 139; Mage = 23.04; 50% women, 50% men). We conducted a serial mediation wherein COVID-19 racism predicted alcohol use severity sequentially through depressive symptoms and drinking to cope motives. COVID-19 racism directly and significantly predicted alcohol use severity. The indirect effect via depressive symptoms and drinking to cope motives was also significant, suggesting that COVID-19 racism is likely a risk factor for alcohol-related problems. Results inform intervention science and highlight the need for policy and behavioral health services to curb COVID-19 racism.
Correlation Between Sacral Slope and Pedicle Morphology of the Fourth Lumbar Vertebra in Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Leng Yebo , Tang Chao , Liao Yehui , Tang Qiang , Ma Fei , Pu Xiamin , He Baoqiang , Wang Qing , Zhong Dejun
Published: August 2022

Study Design

Retrospective Radiographic Review.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the sacral slope (SS) and pedicle morphological parameters of the fourth lumbar vertebra in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS).

Methods

Our study included 134 patients with L4-5 DLS. We used preoperative multi-slice spiral computed tomography to measure a range of pedicle morphological parameters, and the SS and percentage of slip distance (SDP) of the L4 vertebra were measured on preoperative standing neutral lumbar radiography. Patients were divided into three groups based on their degree of SS: the low sacral slope (LSS) group with SS values of <35°, the mean sacral slope (MSS) group with SS of 35°–45°, and the high sacral slope (HSS) group with SS > 45°.

Results

As the SS increased across groups, the pedicles of L4 became longer and thinner and the pedicle camber angle was smaller. The SDP, pedicle length parameters were positively correlated with the SS, while pedicle width, height, and camber angle were negatively correlated with the SS in the three groups.

Conclusions

SS had an impact on the degree of spondylolisthesis and on pedicle morphological parameters in patients with DLS, with greater slope resulting in greater impact. The progression of DLS occurred due to the increasing forward shear force of the vertebra being greater than the reverse resistance. The pedicle at the slip level adaptively remodeled, becoming slenderer and tilting inward due to the long-term traction of the two opposing forces.
Salicylic Acid Acts Upstream of Auxin and Nitric Oxide (NO) in Cell Wall Phosphorus Remobilization in Phosphorus Deficient Rice
Authors: Wu Qi , Jing Huai-Kang , Feng Zhi-Hang , Huang Jing , Shen Ren-Fang , Zhu Xiao-Fang
Published: August 2022

Salicylic acid (SA) is thought to be involved in phosphorus (P) stress response in plants, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we showed that P deficiency significantly increased the endogenous SA content by inducing the SA synthesis pathway, especially for up-regulating the expression of PAL3. Furthermore, rice SA synthetic mutants pal3 exhibited the decreased root and shoot soluble P content, indicating that SA is involved in P homeostasis in plants. Subsequently, application of exogenous SA could increase the root and shoot soluble P content through regulating the root and shoot cell wall P reutilization. In addition, − P + SA treatment highly upregulated the expression of P transporters such as OsPT2 and OsPT6, together with the increased xylem P content, suggesting that SA also participates in the translocation of the P from the root to the shoot. Moreover, both signal molecular nitric oxide (NO) and auxin (IAA) production were enhanced when SA is applied while the addition of respective inhibitor c-PTIO (NO scavenger) and NPA (IAA transport inhibitor) significantly decreased the root and shoot cell wall P remobilization in response to P starvation. Taken together, here SA-IAA-NO-cell wall P reutilization pathway has been discovered in P-starved rice.
Value of travel time by road type
Authors: Flügel Stefan , Halse Askill H. , Hartveit Knut J. L. , Ukkonen Aino
Published: August 2022

Travel time is less costly if it is comfortable or can be used productively. One could hence argue that the value of travel time (VTT) of car travellers in economic appraisal should be differentiated by road type, reflecting differences in road quality. We explain the theoretical foundation for such a differentiation, review the relevant literature and show the results of an empirical case study based on actual route choice of highway drivers in Norway. We find little existing literature discussing the link between road type and VTT, but closely related findings suggest that that the impact on VTT could be substantial. Our empirical case study also suggests that the VTT is lower on higher quality road types. Applying this to economic appraisal would imply higher user benefits of road projects that improve road quality.
Genes expressed at low levels raise false discovery rates in RNA samples contaminated with genomic DNA
Authors: Li Xiangnan , Zhang Peipei , Wang Haijian , Yu Ying
Published: August 2022

Background

RNA preparations contaminated with genomic DNA (gDNA) are frequently disregarded by RNA-seq studies. Such contamination may generate false results; however, their effect on the outcomes of RNA-seq analyses is unknown. To address this gap in our knowledge, here we added different concentrations of gDNA to total RNA preparations and subjected them to RNA-seq analysis.

Results

We found that the contaminating gDNA altered the quantification of transcripts at relatively high concentrations. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) resulting from gDNA contamination may therefore contribute to higher rates of false enrichment of pathways compared with analogous samples lacking numerous DEGs. A strategy was developed to correct gene expression levels in gDNA-contaminated RNA samples, which assessed the magnitude of contamination to improve the reliability of the results.

Conclusions

Our study indicates that caution must be exercised when interpreting results associated with low-abundance transcripts. The data provided here will likely serve as a valuable resource to evaluate the influence of gDNA contamination on RNA-seq analysis, particularly related to the detection of putative novel gene elements.