bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-Operative Glucose and HbA1c Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Cataract
Authors:   Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Rachmawati Nurmeily , Winahyu Srimaya ,   Laboratorium Klinik KL, Yani Ahmad ,   Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Patricia Venny ,   Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten
Published: May 2024

Diabetes mellitus is known as a disease that continues to increase every year in the world. This disease can cause severe complications in several organs, including the heart, nerves, kidneys, eyes, and skin. One of the problems that arise in diabetes patients with complications in the eye area is cataracts. Cataract patients are generally treated by operating on the eye through light surgery. One way to evaluate the health status of postoperative cataract patients is by observing laboratory examination results, especially blood glucose and HbA1c parameters. This study aimed to determine the description of glucose and HbA1c levels in patients after cataract surgery. Respondents totaled 30 patients, with 17 and 13 women and men, respectively. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis with laboratory examination as the primary data source. Based on the results, most respondents were 60 years and under (60%). The results showed that 33.3% of respondents' postoperative glucose levels were above the normal limit (>150 mg/dL). Meanwhile, as many as 30% of respondents' postoperative HbA1c levels were above the normal limit (>6.5%). Based on gender, postoperative glucose and HbA1c levels, which are above normal, are dominated by men. Meanwhile, based on age, postoperative glucose and HbA1c levels above normal were dominated by the age group ≤60 years.
Optimizing Urban Delimitations in Pakistan Through Exploratory Data Analytical Approach
Authors: Zia Sahar , Shabbir Aqsa , Kazim Ali Hussain , Hanif Aysha , Tauseef Huma , Iqbal Naveed
Published: May 2024

In Pakistan, the lack of a standardized definition for urban areas hampers effective urban planning and policy development. Thus, this research study employs data science by integrating the Geographic Information System (GIS) employed to find the weightage of the urban threshold that can redefine the urban areas in Pakistan. With diverse socio-economic and demographic factors considered, exploratory data analysis (EDA) incorporates population density, infrastructure development, economic indicators, and land use patterns to demark urban boundaries. As there is no consensus on what an “urban area” in Pakistan should be, this study takes a data-focused approach to determine the criteria that best capture the complexities of urbanization. It has been done through spatial analytics and statistical modeling in a data science framework. The integration of a data science framework enables to set-up threshold for development of urban landscape. The proposed redefinition of urban areas has implications for urban planning, resource allocation, and policy development, fostering a more accurate representation of the urban fabric in Pakistan. This study contributes to filling the existing gap in defining urban areas in Pakistan. It identifies new urban percentages that more accurately reflect the socio-economic and demographic realities of Pakistan's urban landscape. The findings shows that there are 36 percent of urban grid cells retrieved from the EDA approach. The outcomes provide a foundation for informed decision-making and policy interventions, aligning urban definitions with Pakistan's urbanization process's complex and dynamic nature. This research will also ensure a comprehensive understanding of urban landscapes in the face of diverse challenges particularly in developing countries.
Improved Hybrid K-Nearest Neighbours Techniques in Segmentation of Low-Grade Tumor and Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Saeed Soobia , Abbasi Faheem Ahmed , Dahri Kamran , Shaikh Zia Ahmed , Nizamani Muhammad Ali , Memon Muhammad Ali
Published: May 2024

In image segmentation, identifying information or object detection in medical im-ages is crucial, particularly information that is harder to spot in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of low-grade tumors or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To address the aforementioned problems associated with missing data in MRI images and the low quality of MRI images that required longer processing times, this research is to seg-ment brain tumors or detect CSF in four-dimensional MRI images. A new hybrid k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) framework is also proposed, which consists of three tech-niques: correlation matrices of discrete Fourier transform (CM-DFT), Laplace Eigen maps of locally preserving projection (LELPP), and a hybrid GrabCut hidden Markov model of k-mean clustering (GCHMkC). The combination of the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and the k-mean clustering technique is known as the Hidden Markov Model of the k-mean clustering method (HMMkC). To begin with, the Graph Cut and Support Vector Machine (GCSVM) and the GCHMkC approach are combined. The method increased the quality of the images suggested by the methodology, achieving an accuracy of 99.83%, a sensitivity of 99.99%, a specificity of 99.8%, and a computa-tional execution time of 14.9 seconds. Second, a technique called CM-DFT is sug-gested to improve MRI images while resolving the issue of missing imputation data. The accuracy of the MRI image datasets was improved to 99.84%, the time-lag in the hybrid k-NN algorithm was reduced to 99%, the missing data ratio was reduced to 0.9%, 10%, and 12%, and the correctness of the imputed data was improved to 1.533 seconds with computational execution. Thirdly, the nonlinear data is reduced and unnecessary features are eliminated using the Laplace Eigen maps of locally pre-serving projection (LELPP) approach. The hybrid k-NN algorithm used by the tech-nique yields results with 99% accuracy and an execution duration of 2.42 seconds.
Advancements in MIMO Antennas for Enhanced Performance in 5G Smartphones Communication
Authors: Abbasi Durria , Aziz Abdul , Akram Zaid
Published: May 2024

In this review paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna designs for 5G smartphones. There are various antenna configurations that are discussed along with benefit and limitations. The paper also examines key challenges such as antenna mutual coupling, isolation and the size constraints inherent in smartphones. Furthermore, the impact of MIMO antenna design on 5G smartphone performance characteristics such as gain, radiation efficiency and spatial multiplexing capability is also analyzed. Finally, future research directions and potential innovations in MIMO antenna technology for 5G smartphones are identified to address emerging requirements and opportunities in next-generation wireless communication systems. The comprehensive comparison of different MIMO antenna performance is also given.
Enhancing Chatbot Intelligence Through Narrative Memory Structures
Authors: Muhammad Azam  , Lubaina Zafar  , Tanveer Rafiq  , Zafar Sana , Rafiq Umar , Adnan Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Through the use of narrative memory structures—a cutting-edge technique intended to provide chatbots context awareness and conversational coherence—we sought to improve the intelligence of chatbots. We carefully designed our process with the goal of immediately incorporating narrative data into the chatbot's memory architecture. In order to find narrative patterns, this required evaluating and classifying previous exchanges. The narrative patterns were then saved and used to guide the chatbot's answers. The incorporation of narrative memory structures into the chatbot resulted in a significant improvement in conversational coherence and relevance, as per our study's key findings. Through the use of its narrative memory, which stores earlier encounters, the chatbot shown an impressive capacity to sustain the conversation's flow and provide more contextually relevant replies. In addition, the chatbot demonstrated improved understanding of human intentions, correctly identifying underlying motives and preferences. In addition, comments produced by integrating narrative memory structures were highly customized in addition to being accurate. By utilizing the extensive history of previous exchanges, the chatbot was able to customize replies to each user's unique situation, building a closer relationship and rapport with them. All things considered; our study highlights how narrative memory processes can revolutionize chatbot intelligence. We can improve chatbots' conversational capabilities and enable more meaningful human-computer interactions by giving them the capacity to extract narrative information from previous conversations. This opens the door to a new era of chatbot designs that put the needs of users, contextuality, and empathy first, changing the game for conversational AI in the process.
Big Data Analytical Capabilities and Performance: The Mediating Role of Knowledge Management in IT Firms
Authors: Akbar Rida , Khaliq Faiza , Dad Aasim Munir , Chandio Suhail A
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the complex relationship between the capabilities of Big Data, knowledge management, organizational learning, and how they collectively impact the performance of small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) in Singapore's IT industry. This study aims to demonstrate the mediating role of organizational learning processes and knowledge management in the relationship between Big Data capabilities and company performance. To achieve this, a dataset of 300 organizations will be analyzed using simple random sampling and Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Extensive research has shown that knowledge management and organizational learning play a crucial role in maximizing the usefulness of Big Data capabilities and enhancing business performance. The results demonstrate the need of combining knowledge management and organizational learning with Big Data initiatives to create an environment that promotes performance enhancement. This integration enables a mutually beneficial influence that motivates businesses to produce exceptional results, particularly those working in the highly competitive technology industry. The study's conclusions emphasize the crucial role of knowledge management and organizational learning as intermediary roles for Big Data to fully realize its potential. The findings have significant ramifications for technology enterprises that are small or medium-sized. They propose a reevaluation of their strategic objectives that include a comprehensive approach to overseeing Big Data, knowledge, and learning. These aspects are crucial for a company's success in the modern digital environment.
La comprensión lectora como técnica de expresión: Revisión de estudios de Ecuador
Authors: García-Cajape Narcisa del Jesús
Published: May 2024

La comprensión lectora se ha establecido como una forma crucial de expresión, dado que es valioso atender la complejidad de la comunicación por ser una de las demandas fundamentales del mundo globalizado. Esto exige, robustecer la habilidad para comunicarse de manera efectiva. El propósito de la investigación ha sido fomentar el interés por mejorar la expresión mediante la comprensión lectora. La metodología ha sido desde el enfoque cualitativo, análisis de 11 artículos científicos y trabajos de titulación caso Ecuador dispuestos en base de datos regionales como Latindex y Redalyc. Aplicando técnica de comprensión de acepciones del contenido de forma sistemática. Entre los resultados, se reconoce la falta de intensificación del acto de la lectura, escasez de escritura creativa, y por lo tanto debilidad en el logro de habilidades de comprensión lectora. La comprensión lectora es un aspecto fundamental en la educación primaria, aunque los niños tienden a responder de manera muy limitada, especialmente aquellos que dependen en gran medida de la tecnología para aprender.
Pengaruh Service Quality, Digital Marketing dan Customer Retention terhadap Loyalitas Muzakki Lembaga Zakat(Studi Kasus pada Lazismu DIY)
Authors: Sutrisno
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Service Quality, Digital Marketing dan Customer Retention Terhadap Loyalitas Muzakki Pada Lazismu DIY. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data diperoleh dari quesioner terhadap para pemberi zakat (muzakki) di wilayah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 107 responden dengan kriteria pernah melakukan donasi kepada Lazismu DIY. Teknik pengambilan sampel mengunakan purposive sampling. Pengolahan data dilakukan mengunakan  SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa service quality berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas muzakki. Sedangkan variabel digital marketing dan customer retention tidak berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas muzakki pada Lazismu DIY. Selanjutnya dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa semakin baik pelayanan yang dilakukan oleh Lazismu DIY akan memberikan dampak yang positif terhadap kepercayaan mustahik pada lembaga zakat khususnya Lazismu DIY terkait dengan program yang dilaksanakan dalam penggalangan dana sehingga semakin meningkatkan loyalitas muzakki terhadap lembaga zakat secara umum dan khususnya Lazismu DIY.
IMPLIKASI AKAD TABARRU’ PADA JAMIYAH AL-HIDAYAH DESA BEGAWAT KEC.BUMIJAWA KAB.TEGAL
Authors: Sarja
Published: May 2024

Akad tabarru’ adalah akad-akad untuk mencari keuntungan akhirat, karena itu bukan suatu akad bisnis yang menguntungkan, jadi akad ini tidak dapat digunakan untuk tujuan-tujuan komersil. Bahkan, penggunaan akad tabarru’sering sangat vital dalam transaksi komersil, karena akad tabarru’ ini dapat digunakan untuk menjembatani atau memperlancar akad-akad tijarah.  
Metode penelitian ini termasuk menggunakan kualitatif untuk mendapatkan data-data gambaran umum jamiyah Al-Hidayah Desa Begawat Kec.Bumijawa Kabupaten Tegal.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan akad tabarru di jamiyah Al hidayah  Desa Begawat Kec.Bumijawa Kabupaten Tegal tampaknya sudah sesuai dengan prinsip syari'at Islam dengan cara menghilangkan sama sekali kemungkinan terjadinya hal-hal yang dilarang agama seperti adanya unsur gharar, maisir, dan riba. Sebab usaha asuransi dalam prakteknya lebih menekankan kepada keadilan dengan mengharamkan riba, kemudian menghidupkan kebersamaan dalam menghadapi resiko usaha. Tidak adanya gharar bisa dilihat pada adanya kejelasan sumber dana untuk membayar setiap klaim yang akan diambil dari tabungan khusus tabarru’. agar masyarakat khususnya jamiyah Al-Hidayah di desa begawat mengetahui bahwa akad tabarru adalah akad yang mencari keuntungan akhirat bukan semata-mata untuk kepentingan dunia.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM SYARIAH
Authors: Romdhoni Dadan Muhammad , Nabiyi Ihda Oktavian Nabiyi , Ilma Sidni
Published: May 2024

Investasi merupakan kegiatan muamalah yang sangat dianjurkan, karena dengan berinvestasi harta yang dimiliki menjadi produktif dan mendatangkan manfaat bagi orang lain. Salah satu bentuk investasi yang sedang marak adalah saham syariah. Saham menjadi salah satu instrumen pasar keuangan yang paling popular di Indonesia. Saham dapat didefinisikan sebagai tanda buki penyertaan modal seseorang atau pihak (badan usaha) pada suatu Perusahaan atau Perseroan Terbatas. Dalam perspektif fiqh, saham dapat dilihat sebagai alat investasi yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Saham melibatkan kepemilikan sebagian dari sebuah perusahaan, dimana pemegang saham berbagi dalam keuntungan dan risiko perusahaan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profitabilitas terhadap return saham Syariah. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yaitu metode yang pada fokus pengamatan yang mendalam. Untuk Teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu dengan studi literatur dengan cara mengumpulkan sejumlah buku, jurnal, atau literatur lainnya yang berkaitan dengan masalah dan tujuan penelitian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas perusahaan dapat memengaruhi kinerja saham Syariah karena investor cenderung memberikan nilai lebih kepada perusahaan yang memiliki kinerja keuangan yang baik.
Academic Resilience Among Post Graduate Students in the Universities of Islamabad: A Comprehensive Assessment
Authors:   International Islamic University Islamabad, Abbas Muhammad , Mahmood Azhar ,   International Islamic University Islamabad, Akhtar Mirza Muhammad ,   International Islamic University Islamabad
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Mathematics plays a crucial role in the development of science and technology, and its importance is recognized at all educational levels. This study investigates the availability and utilization of mathematics facilities for the improvement and development of prospective teachers. Methodology: This quantitative study targeted students from four universities in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. A questionnaire was distributed to 300 respondents, with 175 completed responses collected through proportionate random sampling. The questionnaire was validated by experts and its reliability confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results/Findings: The findings revealed that most respondents strongly agreed that mathematical content knowledge significantly impacts the learning and understanding of prospective teachers. Additionally, the study highlighted the importance of practice in learning mathematics and emphasized the need for curriculum-based instruction that extends beyond exam preparation. Future Direction: The study recommends developing a framework to address identified challenges, enhance mathematical content, improve pedagogical approaches, and ensure the availability of up-to-date facilities for prospective teachers.
The therapeutic potential of the use of gliclazide MV in combination with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Belikina D. V. , Nekrasova T. A. , Strongin L. G. , Durygina E. M. , Rodina M. Yu.
Published: May 2024

It is known that COVID-19 patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus and severe dyslexic disorders are characterized by a more severe course of combined pathology. In this regard, the choice of hypoglycemic therapy for effective management of glycemia is important. The review examines publications shedding light on the therapeutic potential of taking gliclazide MV in patients with a combination of mild COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus.
The effect of semaglutide on body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Titova V. V.
Published: May 2024

Obesity is a global health problem associated with various comorbidities and increased mortality. Obesity is of particular importance in relation to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), being its main pathophysiological factor. Lifestyle changes are the most important mechanism for weight loss, but may not be sufficient for sustainable weight loss. Pharmacologic agents such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 receptor agonists) are recommended as an adjunct to lifestyle interventions to promote and maintain clinically meaningful weight loss and reduce the risk of comorbidities. Since 2005, several GLP-1 agonists have been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, including exenatide (short- and long-acting), lixisenatide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, and semaglutide. Of these, semaglutide (subcutaneous) and liraglutide are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for ongoing weight control in patients with or without diabetes. Semaglutide therapy resulted in significant and sustained weight loss and improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors compared with placebo, was well tolerated, and had a safety profile consistent with other GLP-1 agonists. The most common side effects with semaglutide are gastrointestinal events, which were transient, mild to moderate in severity, and usually resolved without permanent discontinuation of treatment.
Ovarian reserve in obese patients: where do the eggs disappear?
Authors: Azizova K. V. , Dora S. V. , Khalimov Yu. Sh. , Volkova A. R. , Cheboksarova T. A.
Published: May 2024

Currently, the issue of obesity and its impact on various aspects of human health is actively being discussed. The role of obesity in the development of metabolic syndrome is well known. Within the study of the obesity pandemic, the modern medical community is conducting research in the field of reproductive health. In women, markers of ovarian reserve are considered, with the main one being the level of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). It is known that with age, the number of AMH and antral follicles in a woman's body decreases. However, there is data in the modern literature indicating a decrease in ovarian reserve parameters in conditions of weight gain. Weight gain is accompanied by a imbalance of adipokines - biologically active substances produced mainly by adipose tissue and other tissues of the body that affect metabolic processes. It can be assumed that a deep study of the relationship between decreased reproductive potential and obesity, timely prevention of metabolic disorders will improve fertility indicators.
Diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis: a paradigm shift
Authors: Lobanova K. G. , Ushanova F. O.
Published: May 2024

The main clinical manifestation of osteoporosis is a low-energy fracture.  Fracture is associated with a high risk of disability and  mortality. Therefore, the aim of osteoporosis treatment is to reduce  the risk of fractures. Therefore, experts from the UK in  2019 developed and put into practice a fracture risk stratification  system, on the basis of which a decision is made  on the treatment of patients with osteoporosis. So patients with  a very high risk of fractures need to prescribe anabolic  therapy, followed by the appointment of antiresorptive drugs. Patients at  high risk –    the appointment of antiresorptive therapy, and if  it is ineffective, the appointment of anabolic therapy. Patients with low and intermediate risk are recommended dynamic monitoring with constant reassessment of the risk of fractures. This conclusion completely changes  the existing paradigm of osteoporosis treatment.
Challenges of Non-English Major Teachers in Teaching Senior High School English Subjects
Authors: Cuevas Sheena
Published: May 2024

This inquiry aimed to determine the challenges experienced by non-English major teachers in teaching Senior High School English subjects and their utilized coping mechanisms. It also sought to determine the relationship between the challenges encountered and the coping mechanisms applied. Moreover, the study aimed to discover the differences between teachers’ baccalaureate courses, challenges, and coping mechanisms. The patterns and associations of the variables were ascertained by using descriptive-correlational design. The extent of challenges faced and coping mechanisms applied were revealed through the descriptive tool. Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient was used to know the relationship between the said challenges and coping mechanisms, and the differences between the variables and teachers’ baccalaureate courses were identified using the Kruskal-Wallis H Test. The study also employed the purposive sampling technique. The respondents of the study were the 50 teachers from Tanjay City Division, teaching in Tanjay City and Pamplona, Negros Oriental, Philippines. The researcher utilized a self-made questionnaire. The study revealed that non-English major teachers have challenges in teaching Senior High School English subjects specifically in the following areas: (a) teaching academic writing, (b) teaching writing one scene for one-act play applying the various elements, techniques, and literary devices, (c) teaching writing craft essay; (d) teaching speech writing; (e) selection of relevant resources specifically on choosing materials that are aligned in lesson objectives; and (f) deciding for curriculum-appropriate materials to use. The data also showed that online video tutorials, allowing colleagues/school heads/supervisors to observe their classes, and monitoring students’ performance are the most utilized coping mechanisms. The study concluded that despite the challenges encountered by non-English major teachers in teaching Senior High School English subjects, these teachers are still tough in facing their daily battles, which provide them chances to learn outside their comfort zones.
Evaluating the Influence of the Compensation and Position Classification System (CPCS) on Job Satisfaction and Performance among SSS Rank-and-File Employees
Authors: Quiobe Renato
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to identify the perceptions of the SSS rank-and-file employees on the Compensation and Position Classification System (CPCS) and how they relate to the employees’ job satisfaction and performance. The researcher utilized the descriptive-correlational survey and employed the random sampling technique in identifying the 118 employees from the SSS West 1 Division. The researcher used a validated questionnaire with the following Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients: 0.941 for the perceptof the Compensation and Position Classification System (CPCS) and 0.918 for the job satisfaction. Findings suggest a moderate agreement among employees regarding the benefits and compensation structure under the Compensation and Position Classification System (CPCS). Additionally, the study reveals high job satisfaction and very satisfactory job performance among SSS rank-and-file employees. Importantly, significant correlations emerge between employees’ perceptions on the Compofsation and Position Classification System (CPCS) and both their job satisfaction and performance levels. These findings underscore the importance of understanding employee perspectives on the Compensation and Position Classification System (CPCS) and its implications for organizational satisfaction and effectiveness.
A Review on the Comparison and Analysis of Major Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Hadiya Sultan  , Nasim Zoha
Published: May 2024

With the increasing demand of virtual currency, cryptocurrencies are gaining popularity throughout the world for transactions be it legal or illegal. The yields returned from investment in crypto currency these days are huge but their existence and reliability has always been questioned. A cryptocurrency uses cryptography for implementing security. In spite of several problems in crypto currencies, the growing success of Bitcoin since its launch has emerged in a number of organizations coming forward with substitute cryptocurrencies .This study tries to present a comparison of six famous cryptocurrencies - Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Dash, Monero and IOTA in the light of their volatility and strengths in present times and also discusses their current trends. A thorough study of literature showed that no paper has been presented keeping in mind only these six currencies, so this article is the first of its kind to present a comparison of technicalities of these cryptocurrencies.
Cyber Risk and Impact of Cyber Crimes on User's Online Victimization
Authors: Nasif Raza Jaffri
Published: May 2024

Data protection, information security and system security are often referred to as cyber security. So if you do some security research in general, you're likely to see these words very often: information security, data security, system security, cyber security, there are so many different names and terms that relate to a very deep technical point of almost the same thing. But at a very high level, there are really no variations, it's really one of the same stuff that you're all focusing on the same thing so that digital data is protected by cyber security.We are going to discuss different methodologies for network safety which will explain you personality and access managers. A vital device in information security is personality and access to the board. It shows the periods in which such data consents are permitted to different customers and in what settings. This encryption of information means that confidential data cannot be accessed by selected customers on selected occasions. The risk of infiltration and digital assaults is significantly reduced by personality and access to executives.Cyber security's primary aim is to prosecute offenders or protect data. Criminal investigations are discussed to obtain evidence of illegal conduct. In this situation, this is important for identifying the devices, computers, cell phones, etc. used in illegal activity and deciding if the suspect used these devices in the crime.In the result we have made a pilot study against worldwide cyber-attacks with their types has been consolidated in a range and then a solution has been suggested accordingly.
Holomorphy over Finite-dimensional Commutative Associative C-algebras: Local Theory
Authors: Genov Marin
Published: May 2024

To a morphism $$\mathcal{A} \xrightarrow{\varphi} \mathcal{B}$$ of finite-dimensional commutative associative unital Banach $$\mathbb{C}$$-algebras one can associate a sheaf $$\mathcal{O}_\varphi$$ on the underlying topological space $$|\mathcal{A}|$$ of $$\mathcal{A}$$ consisting of $$\mathcal{B}$$-valued differentiable functions $$f$$ with $$\mathcal{A}$$-linear differential $$Df$$. It turns out that this class of functions exhibits a theory very similar to the classical complex analysis of one variable. In this article we give only an overview of some new results concerning the fundamentals of the corresponding local theory while at the same time also strengthen various already existing results scattered throughout the literature.
Post-seismic Ionosphere Effects after Croatian MW 6.4 Earthquake on December 29, 2020
Authors: Bojilova Rumiana , Atanasova Mila
Published: May 2024

The main idea of the present investigation is to study the relationship between post- seismic effects as a result of Petrinja, Croatia earthquake which occurred on December 29, 2020 in some ionospheric parameters. Two types of ionospheric data were used: the critical frequency of the F2 region (foF2), obtained from the vertical sounding of the ionosphere and Total Electron Content (TEC) data. The ionospheric response is studied by the relative deviation of both quantities foF2 and TEC. The results of the ionospheric parameter behaviour show the following: a) a positive anomaly is observed in both ionospheric characteristics; b) the most significant positive response is observed at ionospheric stations closer to the epicentre; c) the delay of the observed post-seismic ionospheric effect increases with distance from the epicentre in both data used. The observed anomalies in the behaviour of considered ionospheric parameters could be associated with the considered lithospheric phenomenon because the selected period is with completely quiet geomagnetic conditions. The results of this research gives additional insight into the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling during Earthquake processes.
Role of Age as a Major Determinant of Assisted Reproductive Technologies Outcome
Authors: Yunakova Maria , Slavov Sergei , Neykova Constantsa , Shterev Atanas , Kostov Ivan
Published: May 2024

The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of age on the prediction of the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies. The study included data of 1992 women who had performed ovarian stimulation according to a protocol with a gonadoliberin antagonist or a long protocol and underwent a follicular puncture. Patients were divided into four age groups, where numbers of oocytes collected, number of atretic oocytes and percentage of clinical pregnancies were evaluated. We found significantly reduced average number of oocytes collected with increase of age. In patients with poor ovarian reserve the average age is higher than in patients with good response, i.e. normal ovarian reserve. We  have found clear tendency of decreased clinical pregnancy rate with the increase of women's age. In conclusion, our data show convincingly that age is a strong prognostic marker of ovarian reserve in both quantitative and qualitative terms, estimated by the clinical pregnancies achieved.
Initial Neurological Symptoms Associated with COVID-19 during the First Outbreak in Bulgaria
Authors: Alexiev Filip , Kalpachka Dobrinka , Sakelarova Teodora , Gabrovsky Nikolay , Dimitrova Diana , Iliev Dobromir , Axentieva Yana , Hasan Brosek , Kalpachki Rosen
Published: May 2024

During the first outbreak of COVID-19 in the spring of 2020 different symptoms of the disease were reported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate initial neurological symptoms of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients in that time period.
In patients with confirmed COVID-19, initial symptoms, concomitant diseases, neurological signs, and neurological status were assessed.
Sixty-six patients (mean age 63 years) were prospectively enrolled, 44 (66.7%) of them were males. Initial neurological symptoms were reported by 51 (77.3%), most commonly headache (14 [21.2%]), dizziness, and vertigo (14 [21.2%]). Dysgeusia was present in 13 (19.7%) and anosmia in 10 (15.2%) patients. Initial neurological symptoms were observed in 20 (76.9%) of ≤ 60 years patients, and 31 (77.5%) of > 60 years patients. Focal neurological deficit was found in 35 (53%) patients, 11 (42.3%) were ≤ 60 years.
The presence of initial neurological symptoms in this study is higher than previously reported, without a difference in age groups, despite the higher somatic burden in the group of patients over 60 years of age.
Appetitive Traits and its Association with Body Composition, Anthropometric Indices and Appearance Anxiety in Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Francis Jezreel , Rajasegaran Rajalakshmi , Prabhakaran Soundararajan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Obesity, a major health hazard in both developed and developing countries, is greatly influenced by an individual’s eating behaviour or appetitive trait. While eating disorders are known to be associated with abnormal body composition and cardio-metabolic risks, on par with metabolic syndrome, knowledge regarding the relationship between appetitive traits and body composition and anthropometric indices is very limited. Aim: To assess the appetitive traits of young and middle-aged individuals and correlate them with their body composition, anthropometric indices, and appearance anxiety. Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight healthy volunteers aged 19-45 years were included in this cross-sectional study. The appetitive traits, appearance anxiety, and perceived body shape of the study participants were assessed using the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ), Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI), and Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS). Body composition was assessed using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The correlation between appetitive trait scores and the study parameters was assessed using the Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient test. Comparison of appetitive traits between males and females was done using the Independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 43 males and 25 females. Significant negative correlations were observed between food avoidance scores and body composition parameters such as BMI, waistto-height ratio, lean mass, dry lean weight, body cell mass, basal metabolic rate, and Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI). While food approach behaviour was similar between females and males, the overall food avoidance behaviour trait (53.4±11.2 vs. 47.26±9.09, p=0.016) and satiety responsiveness (12.28±3.2 vs. 10.51±2.93, p=0.024) were significantly more pronounced in females than in males. Moreover, the food avoidance behaviour of females revealed significant negative correlations with BMI, fat mass, lean mass, body cell mass, basal metabolic rate, Body Fat Mass Index (BFMI), free-fat mass index, and CDRS scores. Conclusion: The food avoidance trait is associated with abnormal changes in specific body composition parameters in adults. Satiety responsiveness and body dis-satisfaction related to being overweight are more common among young females and are associated with abnormal changes in their body composition.
Echographic Optic Nerve Evaluation: A Novel Diagnostic Modality in Glaucoma
Authors: Sarkar Avik Dey , Sarkar Sanchari
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is considered a leading cause of blindness among all others. Different technologies such as Scanning Laser Polarimetry (SLP) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) closely correlate in measuring structural parameters of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) and Optic Nerve Head (ONH). Visual impairment related to glaucomatous damage is attributed to the RNFL. Earlier studies have shown that retro-bulbar optic nerve thickness is reduced in glaucoma and have suggested that this is also the result of RNFL destruction. Aim: To investigate the correlation between the orbital and intraocular portions of the optic nerve among POAG patients. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based crosssectional study done in a tertiary care ophthalmic institute from October 2019 to February 2021. One eye of 32 volunteers with newly diagnosed POAG underwent optic disc analysis using OCT and echographic measurements of the retrobulbar optic nerve. For statistical calculations, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics version 20.0 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) was used. Spearman’s rho (rs) was used as the index of correlation between retrobulbar optic nerve dimensions and ONH topographical data. A correlation between OCT-based RNFL and optic disc parameters was compared with retrobulbar optic nerve dimensions measured with the help of Ultrasonography- Brightness (USG B) Scan. Results: Orbital Optic Nerve Diameter (OND) and Optic Nerve Cross-sectional Area (ONCSA) significantly and positively correlated with Neuro-retinal Rim (NR) area (OND: p-value=0.00001; ONCSA: p-value=0.00001) and average nerve fiber layer thickness (OND: p-value=0.0001; ONCSA: p-value=0.00002). The Retrobulbar ONCSA-to-disc area ratio (ONCSA/D) was found to have a statistically demonstrable positive correlation with Neuro-retinal Rim Area/Disc area ratio (NR/D) (p=0.00003). Conclusion: This study showed that retrobulbar optic nerve dimensions correlate well with SD-OCT-based ONH parameters. Echographic measurements of the retrobulbar optic nerve add a new biomarker in the diagnosis of glaucoma.
Recent Trends and Scope of Nanotechnology in Orthopaedic Surgery: A Narrative Review
Authors: Pol Shri Hari S
Published: May 2024

Orthopaedic implants osseointegrate better using nanophase materials because they mimic the natural trabecular bone structure better. Additionally, prostheses with nanophase coatings can lessen bacterial adherence compared to prostheses with traditional surfaces. Improved osseointegration and infection prevention may be possible with nano-coated joint replacement implants. Other potential applications with strong in-vitro findings include rapidly integrating fillers for osteochondral flaws, antitumour seleniumcoated endoprostheses, along with potent targeted Drug Delivery Systems (DDSs) for infection prevention and treatment of chronic overuse injuries. It is significant to focus on the use of nanotechnology in artificial joint replacement prostheses, drug delivery utilising nanotechnology, surgical oncology of the skeleton using nanotechnology, bone cell function using nanotechnology, applications in orthopaedic surgery, and, finally, the use of nanotechnology and its potential new fields of study for human welfare. Before nanophase devices are approved for clinical use, significant progress must be made in comprehending the potential health concerns associated with their creation, implantation, and usage habits. However, they have a lot of potential and will probably be helpful to all of us in the future. Nanotechnology is a fast-advancing area, and its applications in orthopaedic surgery are continually expanding. This review article enables academics, clinicians, and other stakeholders to stay up-to-date on the most recent advancements, innovations, and achievements in the integration of nanotechnology into orthopaedic operations. The article also focuses on the challenges of applying nanotechnology in orthopaedics, such as biocompatibility issues, regulatory hurdles, and financial considerations. Simultaneously, it can discuss potential avenues for further research, collaboration, and progress in overcoming these challenges. Discussing the practical applications and clinical consequences of nanotechnology in orthopaedic surgery is crucial. The evaluation can explore on how these improvements will affect patient outcomes, surgical techniques, and overall healthcare practices.
Harnessing the Power of Ayurveda for Diabetes Management: A Narrative Review
Authors: Singh Naveen , Dasar Devyani
Published: May 2024

Ayurveda, an age-old medical tradition originating from India, provides a comprehensive method for addressing diabetes mellitus. Diabetes, marked by increased blood sugar levels, is a persistent metabolic condition posing a widespread health challenge worldwide. Ayurveda, drawing upon principles of balance and individualised treatment, addresses diabetes through a multifaceted lens. In Ayurveda, diabetes is classified under the term “Madhumeha,” where an imbalance in the body’s doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) disrupts the normal functioning of the pancreas and impairs insulin production. The approach to diabetes management in Ayurveda involves a personalised assessment of an individual’s constitution (Prakriti) and the identification of imbalances (Vikriti). Lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, herbal supplements, and therapeutic practices like yoga and meditation are integral components of Ayurvedic interventions. Plants like bitter melon (Momordica charantia), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), and turmeric (Curcuma longa) are essential components in Ayurvedic remedies designed to address diabetes. These herbs are believed to have hypoglycaemic properties, helping regulate blood sugar levels. Additionally, practices like Panchakarma, a detoxification process, are employed to eliminate toxins and restore balance in the body. Ayurveda emphasises the importance of maintaining a sattvic (balanced) lifestyle, incorporating mindful eating habits, regular exercise, and stress management. While Ayurvedic interventions for diabetes have shown promise, it is essential to consult qualified practitioners to ensure personalised and safe approaches. As the global burden of diabetes continues to rise, exploring complementary strategies like Ayurveda provides a holistic perspective on diabetes management that aligns with the principles of balance and wellbeing.
The Possibility of Establishing an Iraqi University Business Incubator and Its Expected Impact on Entrepreneurship: An Analytical Study in a Sample of Iraqi Universities
Authors: Khrifech Lotfi , Al-Ani Ammar Kasim
Published: May 2024

Aims: This research aims to determine the extent to which Iraqi universities can establish university business incubators that affect the orientation of university students in a sample of Iraqi universities towards entrepreneurship.
Study Design: The research adopted the descriptive analytical method to describe the research variables and interpret the results.
Place of Study: This research was applied to a sample of 11 Iraqi government engineering and agricultural universities in northern, central and southern Iraq, which were selected due to their importance in providing the industrial and agricultural sector in Iraq with skilled human resources and project ideas that promote economic growth, as well as having university incubator units that seek to activate them.
Methodology: A sample representing the indigenous community was selected. Its size reached (160) individuals from the administrative leaders, heads of departments and teaching staff in the researched universities. The researcher relied on an electronic questionnaire designed with (kobotoolbox) as the main tool, and a set of statistics was used, represented by (mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, simple regression), and the research data was analyzed using (SPSS V.28).
Results: The research results showed a positive moral relationship to between all dimensions of university business incubators on entrepreneurship at the level of Iraqi public universities, and all research hypotheses were acceptable.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that there are possibilities for the Iraqi universities discussed to activate the work of university business incubators at an average rate that can be worked on and developed through the adoption of models of work mechanisms to benefit from international experiences in this field.
Mitigation of Mangrove Forest Destruction in East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Jariah Hairun , Sujalu Akas Pinaringan , Milasari Lisa Astria
Published: May 2024

The present study was proposed to answer the problem of mangrove forest destruction through various policies of the East Kalimantan Regional government by using the literature study method followed up through Focus group discussion. As a result of this research, the implementation of policies carried out by the East Kalimantan Provincial Government can now be said to be successful, although there are still indicators that need to be improved, such as in the resource variable. Moreover, it was found that there were still problems that occurred with the management of the Mangrove Forest area in the previous government. There are recommendations from the results of this research to conduct a joint evaluation with the Central Government regarding the policy of private sector activity programmes, and there must be supervision after planting. Provisions in sectoral laws related to natural resources, apart from those that specifically regulate environmental protection as in Law 32/2009, are regulated in various forms.
The Knowledge of Climate Change among the Paddy Farmers of Kahama District, Shinyanga Region Versus Meteorological Data
Authors: Lunyelele Samwel P. , Zellah Adili Y.
Published: May 2024

The study investigated the knowledge of the paddy farmers of Kahama District on climate versus three decades meteorological data in the District. Cross sectional research design was employed on which a randomly selected sample of 312 farm households were interviewed. The study employed a triangulation approach on which primary data were collected through household surveys, field observation and key informants’ interviews. Secondary data on the other hand were obtained from the Tanzania Meteorological Station (TMA) and were subjected to excel sheet on which linear series of rainfall and temperature were reported. The findings from primary and secondary data revealed changes in both rainfall and temperature in around three decades. The knowledge among the farmers on climate change was reported to be acquired in diverse ways including from the meteorological stations, information sharing among the farmers, NGOs and own experience. Farmers perceived a decreased in the onset and cessation of rainfall, increased pests and diseases and increased drought incidences. Secondary data obtained from the meteorological station confirmed the decreased rainfall and rising temperature in 30 years. These challenges negatively impact paddy productivity in the study area. The study recommends on upscaling of information dissemination among the farmers and across the other parties involved in paddy productivity. Further investigation on contextual-level adaptation responses is recommended as well.