bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maximizing Cochlear Implant Outcomes with Short-Term Aural Rehabilitation
Authors: Bernstein Claire Marcus , Brewer Diane Majerus , Bakke Matthew H. , Olson Anne D. , Machmer Elizabeth Jackson , Spitzer Jaclyn B. , Schauer Paula C. , Sydlowski Sarah A. , Levitt Harry
Published: April 2021

Abstract Background Increasing numbers of adults are receiving cochlear implants (CIs) and many achieve high levels of speech perception and improved quality of life. However, a proportion of implant recipients still struggle due to limited speech recognition
and/or greater communication demands in their daily lives. For these individuals a program of aural rehabilitation (AR) has the potential to improve outcomes. Purpose The study investigated the effects of a short-term AR intervention on speech recognition, functional communication,
and psychosocial outcomes in post lingually deafened adult CI users. Research Design The experimental design was a multisite clinical study with participants randomized to either an AR treatment or active control group. Each group completed 6 weekly 90-minute individual treatment
sessions. Assessments were completed pretreatment, 1 week and 2 months post-treatment. Study Sample Twenty-five post lingually deafened adult CI recipients participated. AR group: mean age 66.2 (48‐80); nine females, four males; months postactivation 7.7 (3‐16);
mean years severe to profound deafness 18.4 (2‐40). Active control group: mean age 62.8 (47‐85); eight females, four males; months postactivation 7.0 (3‐13); mean years severe to profound deafness 18.8 (1‐55). Intervention The AR protocol consisted
of auditory training (words, sentences, speech tracking), and psychosocial counseling (informational and communication strategies). Active control group participants engaged in cognitive stimulation activities (e.g., crosswords, sudoku, etc.). Data Collection and Analysis Repeated
measures ANOVA or analysis of variance, MANOVA or multivariate analysis of variance, and planned contrasts were used to compare group performance on the following measures: CasperSent; Hearing Handicap Inventory; Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire; Client Oriented Scale of Improvement;
Glasgow Benefit Inventory. Results The AR group showed statistically significant improvements on speech recognition performance, psychosocial function, and communication goals with no significant improvement seen in the control group. The two groups were statistically equivalent
on all outcome measures at preassessment. The robust improvements for the AR group were maintained at 2 months post-treatment. Conclusion Results of this clinical study provide evidence that a short-term AR intervention protocol can maximize outcomes for adult post lingually
deafened CI users. The impact of this brief multidimensional AR intervention to extend CI benefit is compelling, and may serve as a template for best practices with adult CI users.
Thermal and spatial resolution in scanning thermal microscopy images: A study on the probe’s heating parameters
Authors: Leitgeb V. , Hammer R. , Mitterhuber L. , Fladischer K. , Peter F. , Buerke A. , Defregger S.
Published: April 2021

Scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) enables thermal conductivity (λ) measurements with a lateral resolution down to a few tens of nanometers. The present work investigates ways to improve SThM images recorded with resistive probes. Probes based on resistance thermometry act both as a thermometer and as a Joule heated nanoscale heat source. The influence of amplitude and frequency of the applied heating voltage on the SThM image quality was systematically studied. To connect the investigated heating parameters to the temperature change at the apex of the SThM probe, electrical–thermal finite element simulations were performed. Image quality was assessed according to three criteria. The first criterion was the thermal contrast (thermal resolution) between materials of different λ’s. To convert measured SThM signals (in mV) into thermal resolution (in W m−1 K−1), reference measurements were performed by time-domain thermoreflectance, and an implicit calibration method was employed. The second criterion was the distortion of the thermal image by topography. To illustrate the image distortion, the standard deviation of the thermal trace-minus-retrace profile was taken, which could be reduced nearly ten times by changing the heating parameters of the used SThM setup. The third criterion was the spatial resolution of the thermal images. To assess the spatial resolution, gradients in the thermal signal at interfaces between materials were extracted from profiles through thermal images.
Toward single-layer Janus crystals: Off-balance materials from synthesis to nanotechnology applications
Authors: Oguzturk H. Esra , Sozen Yigit , Akyol Cansu , Ozkendir Inanc Dilce , Yildiz Umit Hakan , Sahin Hasan
Published: April 2021

The existence of things is directly related to their structural symmetry in a broad framework ranging from atoms to crystalline materials and from simple cells to complex organisms like humans. However, structural imbalance that occurs through natural or artificial means can provide completely different advantages. Molecules, crystals, and complex structures with structural imbalance constitute the family of Janus-type materials. This perspective provides a comprehensive discussion on the synthesis techniques of Janus-type materials, their use in fields from biology to materials science, and very recent studies on the family of 2D ultrathin graphene-like structures. We believe that, thanks to the advances in experimental techniques, the few-atom-sized off-balanced materials will be indispensable parts of the nanotechnology products that soon will be used in our daily lives.
Upgrade and absolute calibration of the JET scintillator-based fast-ion loss detector
Authors: Rivero-Rodriguez J. F. , Perez Von Thun C. , Garcia-Muñoz M. , Beaumont P. , Kiptily V. , Garcia-Lopez J. , Goloborodko V. , Jimenez-Ramos M. C. , Rodriguez-Ramos M. , Schoepf K. , Yavorskij V. ,   JET Contributors
Published: April 2021

The JET FILD is a scintillator-based Fast-ion Loss Detector optimized to measure fusion-born alpha-particle losses. This work covers its upgrade and absolute calibration in preparation for the following JET DT experiments. A fast scintillator material (TG-Green) has been installed in the JET FILD. A heater jacket is installed around the fiber bundle, responsible for transmitting the light from the scintillator plate, to anneal the fiber obscuring due to neutron damage. The JET FILD has been upgraded with a 1 Mpx camera and 2 MHz photomultiplier data acquisition hardware. Full-orbit simulations give an estimate of the shading effects on the scintillator plate of the first wall structures and provide a synthetic signal of the JET FILD. A detector instrument function enables absolute values of fast-ion losses using calibration factors. The calibration factors are made available in a shot-to-shot basis for the characterized species and energies and with corrections for the diagnostic conditions. The fast acquisition system sets the Nyquist frequency (1 MHz) above the typical mode frequencies (≈102 kHz), thus making it possible to identify MHD-induced fast-ion losses.
Neutron emission and fast ion simulation for high performance long pulses at EAST
Authors: Yang D. K. , Zhang Y. M. , Xiao M. , Hu Z. M. , Liao L. Y. , Sun J. Q. , Zhong G. Q. , Hu L. Q. , Wan B. N. , Gorini G. , Nocente M. , Tardocchi M. , Xiao C. J. , Fan T. S.
Published: April 2021

Neutron emission spectroscopy and neutron yield measurements are important for high neutral beam injection (NBI) power heating at the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The neutron yields mainly depend on the deposition from NBI to the deuterium plasmas in the EAST. We have recently used TRANSP with time dependent diagnostic results to simulate the transport process of 30 s long pulse deuterium plasma discharges in the EAST, obtaining the time dependent fast ion distribution, neutron emission spectrum, and total neutron emission rate. Combined with the time trace of the result measured by a standard 235U fission chamber, the effects of different configurations of NBI heating in EAST fusion plasmas have been evaluated.
Differences in bacterial diversity across indigenous and introduced ruminants in the Qinghai Tibetan plateau
Authors: Huang Xiaodan , Denman Stuart Edward , Mi Jiandui , Padmanabha Jagadish , Hao Lizhuang , Long Ruijun , McSweeney Christopher S.
Published: April 2021

Context The Qinghai Tibetan plateau (QTP) is characterised as a harsh high-altitude environment inhabited by a large number of ruminants. Rumen microorganisms potentially play a vital role in the adaptation of indigenous ruminants to this harsh environment. Aims The present study aimed to investigate the diversity of rumen bacteria in ruminants (yak and Tibetan sheep) indigenous to the QTP and introduced species (cattle and crossbred sheep). Methods Rumen bacterial composition and α and β diversity of indigenous and introduced ruminants were analysed based on 16s rDNA sequence data. Key results Most of the sequences from all animals were affiliated with phylum Bacteroidetes (67.6–84.0%), followed by Firmicutes (11.6–21.0%). The β diversity (Bray–Curtis and weighted-Unifrac distance matrices) of bacteria was significantly different among ruminant species yak (Bos grunniens), cattle (Bos taurus) and sheep (Ovis aries), but there were no differences between the indigenous and introduced sheep breeds. At the genus level, Fibrobacter, Lachnospira and Pseudobutyrivibrio were more abundant (P < 0.05) in the rumen of yak, while Prevotella was significantly (P < 0.05) more abundant in cattle than in the other ruminants; enterotypes affiliated with the uncultured Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella was more dominant in the indigenous and introduced ruminants respectively. Conclusions The ruminant species was the main factor distinguishing the rumen bacterial diversity among the ruminants grazing on the QTP, although there were differences in discrete populations of bacteria between indigenous and introduced ruminants. It appears that yak, which has evolved as a distinctive species with specialised physiological and anatomical adaptations, has a rumen bacterial population that favours its survival in this extreme environment. Implications This work extends the findings of previous studies comparing microbiota from different ruminants in the QTP, and provides a basis for exploration of the interactions governing the tri-partite relationship among host, rumen microbiota and the harsh environment, and indicates the potential of rumen microbiota in assisting the adaptation of host to the harsh environment.
Tannins from
Authors: Caldas Ana Carolina , Pereira Filho José , Menezes Daniel , Cavalcante Iara , Fernandes Joyce , Oliveira Juliana , Oliveira Ronaldo , Moura Jose Fabio , Bezerra Leilson
Published: April 2021

Context Tannins are polyphenolic compounds found in legumes, trees and forage shrubs, such as Mimosa tenuiflora, and form hydrogen bonds with proteins. Aims The objective of the present study was to determine the optimal dietary concentration of natural tannins from M. tenuiflora for enhancing intake, digestibility, nitrogen (N) and tannin physiological balance, performance, carcass traits and commercial cuts of lambs. Methods Forty-eight uncastrated Santa Ines lambs were distributed between two experiments, each with four diets containing natural tannins (1.21 (control), 9.29, 17.4 and 25.4 g/kg dry matter (DM) total) from M. tenuiflora hay. Key results With increasing level of inclusion of natural tannins from M. tenuiflora hay in the diet, there were quadratic increases (P ≤ 0.05; up to 17.4 g/kg DM inclusion) in the daily nutrient intake, N faecal excretion, N urinary excretion, performance, carcass traits and rib and loin commercial cut weights of lambs. However, intake, faecal excretion, physiological balance of tannins and carcass leg circumference increased (P ≤ 0.05) linearly with an increasing inclusion of tannins from M. tenuiflora hay. Furthermore, there were linear decreases (P ≤ 0.05) in the digestibility of DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein, acid detergent fibre, non-fibrous carbohydrate and total digestible nutrients and decreases in faecal excretion of total phenolic compounds and feeding efficiency in lambs with increasing dietary concentration of tannins. Conclusions It is recommended that M. tenuiflora hay replace Brachiaria decumbens hay at 250 g/kg of dietary roughage, corresponding to 17.4 g/kg DM of tannins, in the diet of Santa Ines finishing lambs because the resulting increased bioavailability of tannins improves nutrient intake, N retention, average daily gain, carcass weight and the weights of the most profitable cuts (leg, loin and rib). Implications The use of M. tenuiflora legume (which is common in the Caatinga biome) as hay roughage in the lamb diet increases tannin bioavailability and the efficiency of protein use, consequently improving performance and contributing to the economic viability of sheep production in the region.
A nanobody toolbox targeting dimeric coiled-coil modules for functionalization of designed protein origami structures
Authors: Majerle Andreja , Hadži San , Aupič Jana , Satler Tadej , Lapenta Fabio , Strmšek Žiga , Lah Jurij , Loris Remy , Jerala Roman
Published: April 2021

Significance

Coiled-coil dimers are structural motifs which occur frequently in natural proteins. They consist of two α-helices which wind around each other to form a supercoil and can be used as versatile modules for the construction of designed proteins. Here, nanobodies generated against the coiled-coil protein origami tetrahedral cage exhibit binding of one to four nanobodies per coiled-coil dimer in the tetrahedron and also in other types of protein origami structures. High-resolution structures of nanobodies bound to coiled-coil dimers revealed the range of binding motifs, including a positive allosteric binding to the tetrahedron and to the isolated coiled-coil dimeric module, introducing nanobodies as building modules in the protein assembly design.
Probing the binding specificities of human Siglecs by cell-based glycan arrays
Authors: Büll Christian , Nason Rebecca , Sun Lingbo , Van Coillie Julie , Madriz Sørensen Daniel , Moons Sam J. , Yang Zhang , Arbitman Steven , Fernandes Steve M. , Furukawa Sanae , McBride Ryan , Nycholat Corwin M. , Adema Gosse J. , Paulson James C. , Schnaar Ronald L. , Boltje Thomas J. , Clausen Henrik , Narimatsu Yoshiki
Published: April 2021

Significance

Siglecs are immunomodulatory receptors that recognize sialic acid–carrying glycans with important functions in immunity. However, many of their natural ligands are poorly defined. We generated a cell-based glycan array comprised of a library of isogenic human cells displaying the greater complexity of sialic acids on diverse glycan structures and glycoconjugates in the natural context of the cell surface. We applied this array to reveal fine binding specificities of Siglecs for sialoglycans, informed of the underlying required glycosyltransferase genes, and provided evidence for selective binding context provided by glycan presentation on distinct protein sequences. Insight into the fine binding specificities of Siglecs will advance understanding their diverse biological functions and benefit therapeutic targeting in autoimmunity, inflammation, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease.
Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican sunflower).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Winnifred Aool , Morris Opio Samuel
Published: April 2021

A datasheet on Tithonia diversifolia covering, as an economically important tree, its taxonomy, importance, silviculture, distribution, biology and ecology, uses, products and pests.
PMN-derived netrin-1 attenuates cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury via myeloid ADORA2B signaling
Authors: Li Jiwen , Conrad Catharina , Mills Tingting W. , Berg Nathaniel K. , Kim Boyun , Ruan Wei , Lee Jae W. , Zhang Xu , Yuan Xiaoyi , Eltzschig Holger K.
Published: April 2021

Previous studies implicated the neuronal guidance molecule netrin-1 in attenuating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the tissue-specific sources and receptor signaling events remain elusive. Neutrophils are among the first cells responding to an ischemic insult and can be associated with tissue injury or rescue. We found netrin-1 levels were elevated in the blood of patients with myocardial infarction, as well as in mice exposed to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Selectively increased infarct sizes and troponin levels were found in Ntn1loxP/loxP Lyz2 Cre+ mice, but not in mice with conditional netrin-1 deletion in other tissue compartments. In vivo studies using neutrophil depletion identified neutrophils as the main source for elevated blood netrin-1 during myocardial injury. Finally, pharmacologic studies using treatment with recombinant netrin-1 revealed a functional role for purinergic signaling events through the myeloid adenosine A2b receptor in mediating netrin-1–elicited cardioprotection. These findings suggest an autocrine signaling loop with a functional role for neutrophil-derived netrin-1 in attenuating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through myeloid adenosine A2b signaling.
Reconstruction of primordial power spectrum of curvature perturbation from the merger rate of primordial black hole binaries
Authors: Kimura Rampei , Suyama Teruaki , Yamaguchi Masahide , Zhang Ying-li
Published: April 2021

The properties of primordial curvature perturbations on small scales are still unknown while those on large scales have been well probed by the observations of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies and the large scale structure. In this paper, we propose the reconstruction method of primordial curvature perturbations on small scales through the merger rate of binary primordial black holes, which could form from large primordial curvature perturbation on small scales.
Sigma-eight at the percent level: the EFT likelihood in real space
Authors: Schmidt Fabian
Published: April 2021

The effective field theory likelihood for the density field of biased tracers allows for
cosmology inference from the clustering of galaxies that consistently uses
all available information at a given order in perturbation theory. This paper
presents results and implementation details on the real-space
(as opposed to Fourier-space) formulation
of the likelihood, which allows for the incorporation of survey window
functions. The implementation further uses a Lagrangian forward model
for biased tracers which automatically accounts for all relevant contributions up to
any desired order. Unbiased inference of σ8 is demonstrated at
the 2% level for cutoff values Ł ≲ 0.14 h Mpc-1 for halo samples over
a range of masses and redshifts. The inferred value shows the expected convergence to the ground truth in the low-cutoff limit. Apart from the possibility of including observational effects, this represents further substantial improvement over previous
results based on the EFT likelihood.
Education Support System Using Indoor Position Information and Physical Activity
Authors: Sekiguchi Ryoichi , Kawakatsu Masaki , Ohyama Minoru
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we propose an education support system that offers two functions: attendance management and advance notification. Attendance management is paramount in the field of education as the attendance of a large number of students needs to be accurately checked in a short time. The proposed system uses Wi-Fi indoor positioning to quickly and accurately determine a student’s indoor location. This system can manage attendance as well as late entries and early departures. Advance notification function prompts students to move from their current location to their destination. The proposed system uses a user’s physical activity and indoor position. This system measures the travel time between classrooms using the user’s smartphone. Based on the collected travel time and the current position of the student, a notification of the start of travel is made at an optimal advance notification time. This prevents students from being late for lectures.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence Voice Recognition on Helping Elders Use Mobile Phones More Easily
Authors: Yao Qingyuan
Published: April 2021

The problem that elders struggle to use mobile phone devices and elders often refuse to gain in touch with contacting devices with newest technologies have attracted people’s attention for a long time. It has already become a social phenomenon that elders tend to refuse smart devices such as smartphones. The reason is that most smartphones own a complex system, which has too high a difficulty for elders to master. The elders have a strong need for a way to remove the obstacle between their demands and the input of system orders. AI voice recognition, on the other hand, can basically remove this issue from consideration, for it can replace the manual manipulation part with machine-learning-based understanding of commands. Through deep learning methods mentioned in this paper, AI voice recognition can analyze orders given by voice, pick out key words and form into an order, and eventually execute the order properly. Voice recognition programs can also detect the elders’ health conditions through the attributes of the voice and make fast reactions automatically. This article aims to find a way to build targeted AI voice recognition systems for a specific kind of people, for example, the senior citizens, which is the target of the system in this article. This article also proposes rational prospects for future AI voice recognition applications in mental treatment or psychological researches areas.
Application of Machine Learning to Predict And Diagnose Diabetes
Authors: Li Xu
Published: April 2021

This article uses linear regression in machine learning and LightGBM algorithm for data mining, and compares the linear regression and LightGBM algorithm’s ability of fast running speed and high accuracy under the same data conditions. The least squares method is used to make error judgments to realize the rapid and accurate prediction and judgment of the probability of diabetes in a large amount of data. At the same time, the importance and correlation of the variables are compared between the variables. Among them, it is found that Body Mass Index (BMI) has the greatest impact on diabetes, and the factors affecting BMI are weight and height. Height and age can be input into system, automatically determining the BMI value, and providing doctors with a basis for judgment.
Numerical approach for the tuning of tubes in musical instruments
Authors: Ricarte Arlindo , Meireles José , Inácio Octávio
Published: April 2021

Musical instrument design is still a relatively complex task. It frequently relies on empirical and oversimplified analytical approaches. The current computation era may be coupled with these processes to generate easy using tools to aid the design and creation of musical instrument. This study uses numerical routines, based on the modal analysis of simple geometries employed in musical instruments, as a tool to help the intended instrument design. Aluminum tubes, with flexural vibrations designed to resonate in a C4 register were first tested by experimental modal analysis and these results were used as reference to validate the referred numerical approach. Overall, it is shown that the numerical results highly replicate the experimental results and may be further optimized to display an even better correlation. It is, therefore, concluded that this type of computational method may be a fast and easy tool for the tuning of musical instruments.
Information Modelling Method of As-built Process Data
Authors: Dai Sheng , Zhao Gang , Yu Yong , Bao Qiangwei
Published: April 2021

The digital twin concept plays a significant role in the Industry 4.0 era since it was proposed. One key enabling technology for digital twin creation is the information modelling of physical products. Therefore, the modelling approach to modelling as-built process data of physical products, which faithfully reflects the real machining status, emerges to be pivotal. This paper addresses the problem of modelling as-built process data in machining process, which is difficult to accomplish by relevant methods, and hinders data reuse and the long-term archiving. Furthermore, an ontology-based information modelling method of as-built process data is proposed as the recommendation to represent and record the data in the cyberspace. It provides a standardized process for companies to model as-built process data by specifying the contents to be modeled, and the modelling method. To validate the effectiveness, a case study is undertaken in an aviation manufacturing plant at last. The result shows that the proposed information modelling methodology is readily to the virtualization of as-built machining process data.
Weight effects on simple adaptive shimmy suppression system: a case study
Authors: Alaimo A , Esposito A , Orlando C
Published: April 2021

The problem of the shimmy oscillation of aircraft’s nose landing gear is of great interest because such vibration can carry detrimental effects. An adaptive vibration suppression system based on the Modified Simple Adaptive Control is here considered. The saturation of actuator control moment is taken into account and a simple back calculation scheme is introduced to avoid windup effects. The work investigates numerically the influence of aircraft weight on the controlled system response under different disturbing condition.
The 2nd International Annual Meeting on STEM education (IAMSTEM 2019)
Authors: Yuenyong Chokchai , Nam Nguyen Danh , Buan Amilia , Suwono Hadi , Wekke Ismail Suardi , Buang Nor Aishah
Published: April 2021

Since, the 1st International Annual Meeting on STEM education (IAMSTEM) 2018 was organized based on seed funding of Thailand Ministry of Education and Khon Kaen University with aiming to bring STEM education researchers and teachers together for building up STEM education community. The ASEAN Research Network for STEM education (ARN-STEM) was formed in 2018 when the group of STEM education researchers in Southeast Asia jointly organized the IAMSTEM 2018. The primary objective was to encourage the creation of links, and the exchange of ideas and information among the academic community, private-sector firms and organizations, and government policy makers, leading to a better understanding on STEM education related policy and innovations in the ASEAN region.

In 2019, our group is growing up. The 2nd International Annual Meeting on STEM education (IAMSTEM 2019) was held in 27-29 September 2019 at Thai Nguyen University of Education, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. It gives us great pleasure to announce that the 2nd IAMSTEM 2019 was a resounding success, with over 250 participants from throughout Vietnam and from other countries. On behalf of the organizers, ASEAN Research Network for STEM education (ARN-STEM), ASEAN Comparative Educational Research Network (ACER-N), Science Education Association of Thailand (SEAT), Thailand Office of Basic Education Commission (OBEC); Khon Kaen University, Rajabhat Yala University, Thailand; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri (STAIN) Sorong, State University of Malang, Indonesia; Mindanao State University–Iligan Institute of Technology, the Philippines as well as other corporate sponsors whose generous contributions made this a successful meeting. IAMSTEM 2019 provided a unique opportunity for experts, academics, and educators to exchange knowledge and build friendships. The meeting consisted of four keynote speakers, and a number of contributed oral and poster presentations. Resulting from the success of IAMSTEM 2019 are qualified full research articles from the presentations, which have been reviewed and compiled in this IOP Journal of Physics: Conference Series. It is our sincere hope that these proceedings will contribute to advancing our understanding of STEM education and applications and serve as initiators for even greater achievements in the field.

List of Committees are availble in this pdf.
Examine pre-service science teachers’ existing ideas about STEM education in school setting
Authors: Sutaphan Sukanya , Yuenyong Chokchai
Published: April 2021

Thailand Office of Basic Education Commission (OBEC) has pushed in-service teachers to develop his or her competence of organizing STEM education instruction. Another solution of increasing STEM in-service teacher is provide pre-service science teachers to generate their ideas of organizing learning activities and carried out research about STEM education during their teaching practice. This study aimed to examine pre-service science teachers’ conceptions of STEM education. The participants included 10 pre-service science teachers who enrolled school internship course of Khon Kaen University for teaching practice in schools. These participants will be supervised by the author. On the way of supervising, participants have meeting to generate the ideas of STEM education learning activities and research about STEM education on Friday afternoon for every week. Methodology regarded interpretive paradigm. Pre-service teachers’ conceptions of STEM education will be interpreted participant observation, interview, STEM education lesson plan, teaching performance, and other tasks. Data collection was carried out for 4 months. The data will be interpreted to examine the categories of pre-service teachers’ conceptions of STEM education. The findings will clarify what their perception on STEM education, and what and how they generate ideas for developing lesson plan; to integrate science, mathematics, and others for practicing in context; and to provide engineering practices and engineering design of technologies as the context. Their ideas of research about STEM education also reflect what they emphasize to develop students’ 21st century skills, and provide instruction requiring the context of problem solving in the real world or task through teamwork. The paper may have implication for developing pre-service STEM teachers.
Exploring Thai seventh Grade students’ understandings of design thinking
Authors: Wangka Kittiporn , Ladachart Ladapa
Published: April 2021

This study explores 35 Thai seventh grade students’ understandings of design thinking. As design thinking is a process by which designers empatize human needs, define problems, create ideas, make prototypes, and test the prototypes, its important aspects are focused in this study These aspects include (1), human-centerness, (2) problem defining, (3) use of creativity, (4), collaborative work, (5) design constraints, (6), prototype testing, and (7) iterative process. The students’ understandings regarding these seven aspects are examined using an open-ended questionnaire in corroboration with individual semi-structured interviews. The data are analysed using content analysis. The result reveals that most of students had proper understandings of four aspects, which are human-centerness, use of creativity, design constraints, and collaborative work. However, their understandings of the other three aspects (i.e., problem definition, prototype testing, and iterative process) are inadequate. This result provides insights into development of STEM design-based activities to enhance the students’ better understandings of design thinking.
Examining categories of students’ STEM projects in science class
Authors: Phuaknok Onla-or , Yuenyong Chokchai
Published: April 2021

The paper aims to examine Thai high school students’ categories of STEM proposal projects. Participants included 200 Grade 10 students in class 1 - 5 who were learning on science course. Students were asked to apply their science and others to develop their STEM projects as the last part of science course. There were 43 STEM projects from class 1 – 5 which were categorized. Methodology regarded interpretive paradigm. Categories of STEM projects were be interpreted through project proposal, students’ presenation, participant observation and conversation interview. The findings revealed that the 43 STEM projects could be categorized into 8 categories. These included 1) internet of things (IoT) for agriculture business, 2) providing computer knowledge for further development of industry or entrepreneur, 3) providing how to apply scientific knowledge/methods as technology for further development of industry or entrepreneur, 4) providing how to apply scientific knowledge/methods as technology for further development of agriculture business, 5) developing scientific model, 6) making consumer products, 7) making medical products, and 8) technology products for industry or entrepreneur. The most of STEM projects were provided in two categories including the project about making consumer products and projects about providing how to apply scientific knowledge/methods as technology for further development of industry or entrepreneur. This paper may implications for enhancing students to do STEM projects.
Examining Grade 11 students’ existing ideas of engineering design process of fluid and Bernoulli’s principle through Predict-Observe-Explain (POE)
Authors: Bunprom S , Boontemsuk C , Tupsai J , Yuenyong C
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to examine Grade 11 students’ existing ideas of the engineering design process on the problem based on fluid and Bernoulli’s principle unit through predict-observe-explain (POE). To promote high school students’ engineering literacy. Participants included 36 Grade 11 students who were studying in Khon Kaen University Demonstration Secondary School (suksasart), organized into 7 groups. Methodology regarded interpretive paradigm. The Hynes et.al. (2011) framework of the engineering design process (EDP) was applied as the reference of students’ existing ideas of the engineering design process (EDP) consists of 9 steps including 1) identify need or problem, 2) research need or problem, 3) develop possible solutions, 4) select the best possible solution, 5) construct a prototype, 6) test and evaluate solution, 7) communicate the solution, 8) redesign and 9) completion decision. The question to start with “how the airplane can fly in the air” was the main problem, provided students to design possible solutions. The findings indicated that students cooperative learning to apply Bernoulli’s principles to solve the problem was interpreted to clarify students’ existing ideas of the engineering design process. The paper may have implications for STEM education teaching and learning.
The Development Learning Activities Using Three Levels of Chemical Representation for Enhance Upper Secondary Students’ Organic Chemistry Concepts
Authors: Mekwong Sayamon , Chamrat Suthida
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop chemistry learning activities using three levels of chemical representations for enhancing upper secondary students’ organic chemistry concepts. The three levels of chemical representations are an important framework in chemistry education. Many students held misconceptions in organic chemistry because of students’ incapability to connect among the three levels of chemical representations. Development chemistry learning activities using three levels of chemical representations started by analyzing the applications of such a framework in organic chemistry lessons. The teaching strategy would follow the Life-Observation-Notation or LON approach. Chemistry learning activities were developed and received a quality examination by three experts who have experience in teaching chemistry to assess the content validity that arranged the chemistry learning activities according to the content. There are many teaching strategies used in these learning activities, such as concept map, demonstration, analogy, and hands on activities were developed. The learning activities provide abilities to relating the phenomena at a macroscopic level to a microscopic and symbolic level. The learning activities are expected to develop students’ understanding of chemical phenomena and organic chemistry concepts.
Development of a STEM board game electriciladders for grade 8 students
Authors: Malicoban Elesar V , Bulado Judylee F , Soriano Dan Anton A , Monte Aireen Babe L , Mordeno Ivy Claire V
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to develop a STEM board game Electriciladders for Grade 8 students under the K-12 Curriculum. The development was done through the different stages, namely: the selection stage, designing stage, assessment stage, and the enhancement stage. The developed rubric that was used to gather numerical data was validated by the experts. A sheet for comments and suggestions was also validated to gather the qualitative data. The board game was rated in terms of its creativity, rules and mechanics, accuracy of content, and knowledge as excellent. The assessment on the designed board game was the basis for its enhancement. Based on the ratings, the board game is an excellent tool to demonstrate the concepts of electricity. The developed board game can be a tool for an effective STEM learning.
Design of a 7E model inquiry-based STEM (iSTEM) lesson on digestive system for Grade 8: An open-inquiry approach
Authors: Tecson Christine Mae B. , Salic-Hairulla Monera A. , Soleria Honey Joy B.
Published: April 2021

In this research, we integrated inquiry-based learning and the 7E model lesson planning to STEM education and used the approach called Inquiry-based STEM learning (iSTEM) in order to engage students to be active participants in the teaching-learning process. The main goal of this study is geared towards the development of a 7E model inquiry-based STEM (iSTEM) lesson specifically on the parts and functions of the digestive system for grade 8 learners. The 7E model inquiry-based STEM (iSTEM) lesson was developed through the following stages: a. Selection of topic b. Identification of learning objectives c.designing of activity d. Assessment by the panel of experts e. revision f. pilot testing g. final revision h. ready to use 7E model inquiry-based (iSTEM) digestive system lesson. It was rated excellent by the panel of experts that was comprised of in-service science teachers. The performance of the students during the pilot testing (explore phase) was also excellent and 100% of them reached the passing standard. This implies that the developed 7E model inquiry-based STEM (iSTEM) digestive system lesson has a positive effect on the performance of the students and is ensured to have the features that can improve the teaching-learning process.
Improvised early flood warning device as a learning material in teaching student’s preparedness for disaster risk management
Authors: Erediano Wilcon M. , Luna Santiago E. , Buan Amelia T. , Gomez Rizalina G. , Malicoban Elesar V.
Published: April 2021

This study is an assessment and utilization of improvised warning device in developing students’ preparedness on disaster risk management. The study aimed to examine the performance of the respondents through learning activities. The improvised warning device was fully functional as rated by the experts. A sample of 36 Grade 8 students with 15 male and 21 females was used in this study. Working in teams, students make decision and share information about typhoon behavior and preparedness for disaster risk management. Results showed that the students developed their preparedness on disaster risk management, analysed behaviour of typhoons and potential risk and understand weather pattern. Thus, students learned to measure rainfall using the improvised warning device. Students also have learned the use of the device as all groups had shown exemplary performance. The students perceived that the activities made them become knowledgeable of disaster risk management. Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommends utilizing the improvised warning device in laboratory activity in teaching Typhoon: Awareness and Preparation
Developing the STS electric and electric power unit for design based STEM activities
Authors: Suparee Mayura , Yuenyong Chokchai
Published: April 2021

Recently, there is increasingly providing STEM learning activities in school setting. This paper aimed to clarify the developing STS electric and electric power unit for design based STEM activities. STEM education learning activities need to be developed through design based learning activities. The STS electric and electric power unit, therefore, was developed regarding on STS approach and structuring students’ ideas of designing for problem solving by providing the steps of engineering process design. The paper, then, clarify the details of STS electric and electric power unit. The unit will bring the social issues to the classroom in order to engage students’ identify the problem for solving. Then, the unit will suggest the engineering process design to students in order to scaffold students to design for developing the prototypes for solutions. This paper may have implication for providing design based STEM activities.
Developing lesson plan of the biogas from animal’s dung STEM education
Authors: Setiawan Agung Mulyo , Yuenyong Chokchai , Sutaphan Sukanya , Yuenyong Jirakan
Published: April 2021

The paper will clarify STEM education learning activity of designing biogas from animal’s dung. This activity was developed based on Sutaphan and Yuenyong [13] the context-based STEM education learning approach. The activity will start from identification of social issue of biogas that comes from animal dung and how to design biogas from animal’s dung. The possible solution will be introduced to the students to enhance them to develop the prototypes. Then, the lesson plan will provide activities regarding on the 7 stages of Sutaphan and Yuenyong [13] the context-based STEM education in order to scaffold students to practice knowledge for designing prototypes or products through engineer design process. The lesson plan will provide students to develop and use their integration of knowledge through biogas producing activity. For examples, physics (density of gases that lighter than air), biology (type of animal’s dung that fit and efficient for biogas), chemistry (composition of gas and dung), technology (design a tank that collect biogas from animal’s dung), engineering (how to make a gas separated by animal’s dung and flow it to the kitchen), mathematics (calculate the range of tank, pipe, and location to place the dung), financial issue (how to make an efficient biogas with a cheap cost). This paper may have implications for designing STEM education learning activities and adding value of local raw materials by using STEM education.
Eco-friendly fashion: A STEM sandpit project in Indonesian senior high school
Authors: Fachrunnisa Rifka , Suwono Hadi , Yuenyong Chokchai , Sutaphan Sukanya , Praipayom Napaphan
Published: April 2021

The paper will clarify the learning activities of eco-friendly fashion STEM education lesson plan. The activities were designed based on Sutaphan and [11] context based STEM education learning approach. This learning activities aim to foster student think profoundly in investigating the current new challenge (control the growth of the wasted clothes using an eco-friendly fashion system) in the society using STEM approach and the sandpit research or project as the model. The paper will discuss how to provide students chance to applying STEM knowledge through these activities.
Developing the lesson plan of STEM education: designing Moringa leaf tea
Authors: Koes-H Supriyono , Jewaru Aurelia Astria L. , Fuadah Fitroh , Amalia Nur Utami , Sutaphan Sukanya , Yuenyong Chokchai , Yuenyong Jirakan
Published: April 2021

The paper will clarify STEM education learning activity of the designing Moringa leaf tea. The STEM education learning activity will be developed based on Sutaphan and Yuenyong [17] the context-based STEM education learning approach. The activity will start from identification of social issue of designing the tea from the Moringa leaf that Indonesian people usually eat Moringa leaves as a vegetable. The issue of making a tea from moringa leaf could motivate students to design not only moringa tea but also various favor of teas, label or packaging. Then, the lesson plan will provide activities regarding on the 7 stages of Sutaphan and Yuenyong [17] the context-based STEM education in order to scaffold students to practice knowledge for designing some technology prototypes or products through engineer design process. For making something related to moringa tea, the lesson plan will provide students chance to practice integration of knowledge. These knowledges include chemistry (e.g. temperature, oxidation, basic measurement skills), Physics (e.g. heat transfer, energy), mathematics (e.g. the ratio of the ingredients, measurement skills, conversion of units), arts (e.g. creative packaging and presentation of their Moringa Leaf Tea and the flavor variant), and so on. This paper may have implications for designing STEM education learning activities.
The development of lesson plan of the water pressure booster pump STEM education
Authors: Koes-H Supriyono , Nisa Ika Khoirun , Elok Faiqatul H. , Wahyuni Tri , Yuenyong Chokchai , Sutaphan Sukanya , Yuenyong Jirakan
Published: April 2021

The paper will clarify STEM education learning activity of designing the simple the water pressure booster pump. The STEM education learning activity will be developed based on Sutaphan and Yuenyong [12] the context-based STEM education learning approach. The activity will start from identification of social issue of the drought often occurs during the dry season in various regions in Indonesia. The possible solution as the designing simple water pump will be introduced to the students to enhance them to develop the prototypes. Then, the lesson plan will provide activities regarding on the 7 stages of Sutaphan and Yuenyong [12] the context-based STEM education in order to scaffold students to practice knowledge for designing some technology prototypes or products through engineer design process. For making the simple water pressure booster pump, the lesson plan will provide students chance to practice integration of knowledge. That knowledge includes physics (e.g. basic measurement skills, object motion, dynamic fluid, gravitational force, energy, etc.), math (e.g. measurement, unit conversion), art (e.g. an impressive form of water pressure booster pump), and economy (e.g. save money and be able to use natural resources). This paper may have implications for designing STEM education learning activities.
Engineering design process in STEM education: an illustration with the topic “wind energy engineers”
Authors: Linh Nguyen Quang , Huong Le Thi Thu
Published: April 2021

As STEM education has many strengths, it has been studied applied by numerous educational institutions around the world. Recently, STEM education has been paid more attention in Vietnam, but the design and organization of teaching STEM topics are still inconsistent, causing difficulties for teachers while teaching. The engineering design process (EDP) is a decision-making process, often repetitive, in which basic scientific, mathematical and technical concepts are applied to develop optimal solutions to meet the goals targeted. Among the basic elements of EDP are the development of objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, formulation, testing and evaluation. Teachers can easily apply EDP in classroom projects or activities, and it can also provide a way to develop new curricula. Applying EDP helps teachers improve their students’ problem-solving ability as well as introduce students to technical fields. With these characteristics, EDP can be applied in STEM education. Therefore, this study proposes the use of EDP in teaching STEM topics in Vietnam. The experiment was conducted at the Viet Bac High School - Thai Nguyen Province with the subject “Wind Energy Engineers” in teaching Physics for Grade 10th. By evaluating the performance of students’ tasks, consulting experts’ opinions on the teaching process that had been designed, and the initial results show that it is possible to use the engineering design process in STEM education in high schools.