bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production of Chemically Modified Bio-Based Wood Adhesive from Camote and Cassava Peels
Authors: Reotutar Anna Mae Rabaca , Mamuad Roselle Yago , Choi Angelo Earvin Sy
Published: February 2024

Adhesives are significant for manufacturing competent, light, and sturdy goods in various industries. Adhesives are an important part of the modern manufacturing landscape because of their versatility, cost-effectiveness, and ability to enhance product performance. Formaldehyde and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) are conventional adhesives utilized in wood applications and have been classified as carcinogenic, toxic, and unsustainable. Given the adverse environmental and health effects associated with synthetic adhesives, there is a growing research interest aimed at developing environmentally friendly bio-based wood adhesives derived from renewable resources. This study aimed to extract starch from camote and cassava peels and focuses on the oxidization of starch derived from camote and cassava peels using sodium hypochlorite to create bio-based adhesives. The mean yield of starch extracted from camote and cassava peels was 13.19 ± 0.48% and 18.92 ± 0.15%, respectively, while the mean weight of the oxidized starches was 34.80 g and 45.34 g for camote and cassava, respectively. Various starch ratios sourced from camote and cassava peels were examined in the production of bio-based adhesives. The results indicate that the 40:60 camote to cassava ratio yielded the highest solid content, while the 80:20 ratio resulted in the best viscosity. Furthermore, the 40:60 ratio produced the most favorable particle board in terms of mechanical properties, density, thickness, swelling, and water absorption. Consequently, the starch extracted from camote and cassava peels holds promise as a potential source for bio-based adhesives following appropriate chemical modification.
Keyboard Data Protection Technique Using GAN in Password-Based User Authentication: Based on C/D Bit Vulnerability
Authors: Lee Jaehyuk , Jeong Wonbin , Lee Kyungroul
Published: February 2024

In computer systems, user authentication technology is required to identify users who use computers. In modern times, various user authentication technologies, including strong security features based on ownership, such as certificates and security cards, have been introduced. Nevertheless, password-based authentication technology is currently mainly used due to its convenience of use and ease of implementation. However, according to Verizon’s “2022 Data Breach Investigations Report”, among all security incidents, security incidents caused by password exposures accounted for 82%. Hence, the security of password authentication technology is important. Consequently, this article analyzes prior research on keyboard data attacks and defense techniques to draw the fundamental reasons for keyboard data attacks and derive countermeasures. The first prior research is about stealing keyboard data, an attack that uses machine learning to steal keyboard data to overcome the limitations of a C/D bit attack. The second prior research is an attack technique that steals keyboard data more efficiently by expanding the features of machine learning used in the first prior research. In this article, based on previous research findings, we proposed a keyboard data protection technique using GAN, a Generative Adversarial Network, and verified its feasibility. To summarize the results of performance evaluation with previous research, the machine learning-based keyboard data attack based on the prior research exhibited a 96.7% attack success rate, while the study’s proposed method significantly decreased the attack success rate by approximately 13%. Notably, in all experiments, the average decrease in the keyboard data classification performance ranged from a minimum of −29% to a maximum of 52%. When evaluating performance based on maximum performance, all performance indicators were found to decrease by more than 50%.
Hyperparameter Optimization with Genetic Algorithms and XGBoost: A Step Forward in Smart Grid Fraud Detection
Authors: Mehdary Adil , Chehri Abdellah , Jakimi Abdeslam , Saadane Rachid
Published: February 2024

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the combination of Genetic Algorithms (GA) and XGBoost, a well-known machine-learning model. The primary emphasis lies in hyperparameter optimization for fraud detection in smart grid applications. The empirical findings demonstrate a noteworthy enhancement in the model’s performance metrics following optimization, particularly emphasizing a substantial increase in accuracy from 0.82 to 0.978. The precision, recall, and AUROC metrics demonstrate a clear improvement, indicating the effectiveness of optimizing the XGBoost model for fraud detection. The findings from our study significantly contribute to the expanding field of smart grid fraud detection. These results emphasize the potential uses of advanced metaheuristic algorithms to optimize complex machine-learning models. This work showcases significant progress in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of fraud detection systems in smart grids.
Communication Delay Outlier Detection and Compensation for Teleoperation Using Stochastic State Estimation
Authors: Kim Eugene , Hwang Myeonghwan , Lim Taeyoon , Jeong Chanyeong , Yoon Seungha , Cha Hyunrok
Published: February 2024

There have been numerous studies attempting to overcome the limitations of current autonomous driving technologies. However, there is no doubt that it is challenging to promise integrity of safety regarding urban driving scenarios and dynamic driving environments. Among the reported countermeasures to supplement the uncertain behavior of autonomous vehicles, teleoperation of the vehicle has been introduced to deal with the disengagement of autonomous driving. However, teleoperation can lead the vehicle to unforeseen and hazardous situations from the viewpoint of wireless communication stability. In particular, communication delay outliers that severely deviate from the passive communication delay should be highlighted because they could hamper the cognition of the circumstances monitored by the teleoperator, or the control signal could be contaminated regardless of the teleoperator’s intention. In this study, communication delay outliers were detected and classified based on the stochastic approach (passive delays and outliers were estimated as 98.67% and 1.33%, respectively). Results indicate that communication delay outliers can be automatically detected, independently of the real-time quality of wireless communication stability. Moreover, the proposed framework demonstrates resilience against outliers, thereby mitigating potential performance degradation.
Regime Map of the Effective Medium Approximation Modelling of Micro-Rough Surfaces in Ellipsometry
Authors: Huang Meijiao , Guo Liang , Jiang Fengyi
Published: February 2024

In this work, we discuss the precision of the effective medium approximation (EMA) model in the data analysis of spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) for solid materials with micro-rough surfaces by drawing the regime map. The SE parameters ψ (amplitude ratio) and Δ (phase difference) of the EMA model were solved by rigorous coupled-wave analysis. The electromagnetic response of the actual surfaces with micro roughness was simulated by the finite-difference time-domain method, which was validated by the experimental results. The regime maps associated with the SE parameters and optical constants n (refractive index) and k (extinction coefficient) of the EMA model were drawn by a comparison of the actual values with the model values. We find that using EMA to model micro-rough surfaces with high absorption can result in a higher precision of the amplitude ratio and extinction coefficient. The precisions of ψ, Δ, n and k increase as the relative roughness σ/λ (σ: the root mean square roughness, λ: the incident wavelength) decreases. The precision of ψ has an influence on the precision of k and the precision of Δ affects the precision of n. Changing σ alone has little effect on the regime maps of the relative errors of SE parameters and optical constants. A superior advantage of drawing the regime map is that it enables the clear determination as to whether EMA is able to model the rough surfaces or not.
Detection of Coal and Gangue Based on Improved YOLOv8
Authors: Zeng Qingliang , Zhou Guangyu , Wan Lirong , Wang Liang , Xuan Guantao , Shao Yuanyuan
Published: February 2024

To address the lightweight and real-time issues of coal sorting detection, an intelligent detection method for coal and gangue, Our-v8, was proposed based on improved YOLOv8. Images of coal and gangue with different densities under two diverse lighting environments were collected. Then the Laplacian image enhancement algorithm was proposed to improve the training data quality, sharpening contours and boosting feature extraction; the CBAM attention mechanism was introduced to prioritize crucial features, enhancing more accurate feature extraction ability; and the EIOU loss function was added to refine box regression, further improving detection accuracy. The experimental results showed that Our-v8 for detecting coal and gangue in a halogen lamp lighting environment achieved excellent performance with a mean average precision (mAP) of 99.5%, was lightweight with FLOPs of 29.7, Param of 12.8, and a size of only 22.1 MB. Additionally, Our-v8 can provide accurate location information for coal and gangue, making it ideal for real-time coal sorting applications.
Does Overhead Squat Performance Affect the Swing Kinematics and Lumbar Spine Loads during the Golf Downswing?
Authors: Chen Zi-Han , Pandy Marcus , Huang Tsung-Yu , Tang Wen-Tzu
Published: February 2024

The performance of the overhead squat may affect the golf swing mechanics associated with golf-related low back pain. This study investigates the difference in lumbar kinematics and joint loads during the golf downswing between golfers with different overhead squat abilities. Based on the performance of the overhead squat test, 21 golfers aged 18 to 30 years were divided into the highest-scoring group (HS, N = 10, 1.61 ± 0.05 cm, and 68.06 ± 13.67 kg) and lowest-scoring group (LS, N = 11, 1.68 ± 0.10 cm, and 75.00 ± 14.37 kg). For data collection, a motion analysis system, two force plates, and TrackMan were used. OpenSim 4.3 software was used to simulate the joint loads for each lumbar joint. An independent t-test was used for statistical analysis. Compared to golfers demonstrating limitations in the overhead squat test, golfers with better performance in the overhead squat test demonstrated significantly greater angular extension displacement on the sagittal plane, smaller lumbar extension angular velocity, and smaller L4-S1 joint shear force. Consequently, the overhead squat test is a useful index to reflect lumbar kinematics and joint loading patterns during the downswing and provides a good training guide reference for reducing the risk of a golf-related lower back injury.
An Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer’s (OFDR) Performance Improvement via Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Frequency Filtration for Smart Sensing
Authors: Belokrylov Maxim E. , Kambur Dmitry A. , Konstantinov Yuri A. , Claude D , Barkov Fedor L.
Published: February 2024

We describe a method for reducing the cost of optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR) hardware by replacing two reference channels, including an auxiliary interferometer and a gas cell, with a single channel. To extract useful information, digital signal processing methods were used: digital frequency filtering, as well as empirical mode decomposition. It is shown that the presented method helps to avoid the use of an unnecessary analog-to-digital converter and photodetector, while the OFDR trace is restored by the equal frequency resampling (EFR) algorithm without loss of high resolution and with good measurement repeatability.
Travel Plan Sharing and Regulation for Managing Traffic Bottleneck Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Zhu Senlai , Yu Hantao , Fan Congjun
Published: February 2024

To alleviate traffic congestion, it is necessary to effectively manage traffic bottlenecks. In existing research, travel demand prediction for traffic bottlenecks is based on travel behavior assumptions, and prediction accuracy is low in practice. Thus, the effect of traffic bottleneck management strategies cannot be guaranteed. Management strategies are often mandatory, leading to problems such as unfairness and low social acceptance. To address such issues, this paper proposes managing traffic bottlenecks based on shared travel plans. To solve the information security and privacy problems caused by travel plan sharing and achieve information transparency, travel plans are shared and regulated by blockchain technology. To optimize the operation level of traffic bottlenecks, travel plan regulation models under scenarios where all/some travelers share travel plans are proposed and formulated as linear programming models, and these models are integrated into the blockchain with smart contract technology. Furthermore, travel plan regulation models are tested and verified using traffic flow data from the Su-Tong Yangtze River Highway Bridge, China. The results indicate that the proposed travel plan regulation models are effective for alleviating traffic congestion. The vehicle transfer rate and total delay rate increase as the degree of total demand increases; the vehicle transfer rate increases as the length of the time interval decreases; and the vehicle transfer rate and total delay rate increase as the number of vehicles not sharing their travel plans increases. By using the model and method proposed in this paper, the sustainability of urban economy, society, and environment can be promoted. However, there are many practical situations that have not been considered in this paper, such as multiple entry and exit bottlenecks, multiple travel modes, and other control strategies. In addition, this paper considers only one bottleneck rather than road networks because of the throughput limitations of blockchain technology.
The Dynamics of Fine-Grained Firm–Stakeholder Contentions and Synergies in the Process of Sustainable Development: The Case of Cassava-Based Beer Production in Africa
Authors: Wakayama Naomi Jane , Park Young Won
Published: February 2024

Sustainable development (SD) involves a massive variety of stakeholders with differing objectives and values, and consequently comes with tensions and tradeoffs among such stakeholders. Yet, at the same time, these stakeholders often manage to create win–wins and synergies. Prior studies have not fully addressed the question of how stakeholders manage conflicts while creating synergies in the process of sustainable development. Focusing on the socioeconomic dimensions of sustainable development, we offer an empirical study on the tension-managing and synergy-creating process of sustainable development in the setting of SABMiller’s cassava-based beer production project in Africa. The key approach in our study is to systematically capture fine-grained firm-stakeholder synergistic and contentious interactions that took place in specific situations over time throughout the production project. We then weave those fine-grained interactions together to create a process view of the project. Based on the process view through the contention–synergy lens, our study reveals some key insights on the internal dynamics of the process of sustainable development along socioeconomic dimensions, contributing to the current literature on socioeconomic sustainable development.
The Structure of Beauty: Informal Green Spaces in Their Users’ Eyes
Authors: Gawryszewska Beata Joanna , Łepkowski Maciej , Pietrych Łukasz , Wilczyńska Anna , Archiciński Piotr
Published: February 2024

Informal Green Spaces (IGS) in towns and cities are areas of varied appearance, representing a wide range of aesthetic values. In this study, we have focused on how users perceive such space and which elements match some particular values. Based on the analysis of photographic images taken by chosen IGS visitors, the technique called Visitor-Employed Photography (VEP), we elicited three primary groups of IGS images, namely landscape, scenery, and special elements. It is possible to define several visual structures in each category, with highly preferable spatial fragments and particular attributes. They are aesthetic prototypes, centers of aesthetic preferences among users of informal green areas. Recognizing proximity to the preference core allows us to define the preferred IGS landscape aesthetics. Based on the data collected, we have concluded that IGS users prefer vast grass areas, dense groups of trees and shrubs, water, and the absence of anthropogenic elements.
A Literature Review of Seaport Decarbonisation: Solution Measures and Roadmap to Net Zero
Authors: Song Dong-Ping
Published: February 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature related to seaport decarbonisation by combining the academic literature with case studies, industrial reports, newsletters, and domain knowledge. Through the literature review, the emission sources at seaports are categorised according to different criteria for better understanding. One of the criteria is the geographic location, which divides the emission sources into four categories. For each emission source category, the emission reduction measures in the literature are categorised into six structured categories including operational measures, technical measures, fuel and energy measures, infrastructural measures, digitalisation measures, and policy and collaboration measures. The first three categories have a direct impact on emission reductions, whereas the last three categories tend to support and facilitate the development and implementation of the first three categories. Representative case studies are selected from the UK ports to discuss their decarbonisation practices and pathways to net zero. We then propose a generic time-phased roadmap for port decarbonisation towards net zero, which divides the solution measures in each category into three phases to show their progressive processes. We explain the dependence relationships of the solution measures in the roadmap and discuss the challenges and opportunities in the implementation of the roadmap. This paper could offer strategic guidelines to port-associated stakeholders to implement emission reduction strategies and transition to net zero from the system perspective.
Sustainability Awareness in the UAE: A Case Study
Authors: Almusalami Aishah , Alnaqbi Fatema , Alkaabi Shamma , Alzeyoudi Roqayyah , Awad Mamoun
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the level of sustainability awareness among university students in the UAE. This research proposed and implemented an experimental digital awareness platform to educate students and citizens in the United Arab Emirates on the 17 goals of sustainability. This study presents the survey results before and after using the proposed mobile application focused on sustainability. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed digital platform in increasing awareness by conducting experiments using the platform and analyzing the survey results. Our survey results indicate that a large proportion of the participants, 49%, had no idea what the 17 SDGs are. The user experience of our digital platform showed that 93% of participants became aware of the 17 SDGs and were willing to contribute to achieving one or more SDGs. Additionally, the use of our platform encouraged 75% of the participants to be actively involved in SDG activities and events.
Coupled Modeling of the Surface Pipeline Network in a Low-Enthalpy Geothermal Field
Authors: Lempesis Stefanos , Gaganis Vassilis
Published: February 2024

This paper addresses the often overlooked, yet critical, aspect of designing and optimizing the surface pipeline network for the transportation of geothermal fluids from the wellheads to the delivery point, such as greenhouses, food drying plants, or fish farming units. While research on the geothermal industry predominately focuses on the reservoir and well engineering aspects of exploitation, insufficient attention has been given to the design of the pipeline network, leading to improper design and significant, yet avoidable, energy losses. Thus, this paper presents a comprehensive methodology for modeling and simulating geothermal fluid flow within the pipeline network by fully considering all hydraulic (friction, viscous flow, and gravity effects) and thermal (open air and underground pipeline heat loss) phenomena. These two aspects are handled simultaneously by setting up and solving the coupled set of the governing (differential) equations. We also demonstrate the difficulties that arise when attempting the solution of the mathematical problem, such as potential instability or lack of convergence. Finally, a fully detailed study of the real-world geothermal production system is presented utilizing the developed methodology to optimize the design and operation conditions of the system. By integrating debottlenecking strategies into the analysis, this approach not only maximizes power output, but also identifies and mitigates constraints within the system, ensuring efficient operation and performance increase.
The Study of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) Circulation and Vectors at the Municipal Parks and Zoobotanical Foundation of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil (FPMZB-BH)
Authors: Caixeta Eduardo Alves , Pinheiro Mariana Andrioli , Lucchesi Victoria Souza , Oliveira Anna Gabriella Guimarães , Galinari Grazielle Cossenzo Florentino , Tinoco Herlandes Penha , Coelho Carlyle Mendes , Lobato Zélia Inês Portela
Published: February 2024

Bluetongue Virus (BTV) and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) are Orbiviruses primarily transmitted by their biological vector, Culicoides spp. Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). These viruses can infect a diverse range of vertebrate hosts, leading to disease outbreaks in domestic and wild ruminants worldwide. This study, conducted at the Belo Horizonte Municipal Parks and Zoobotany Foundation (FPMZB-BH), Minas Gerais, Brazil, focused on Orbivirus and its vectors. Collections of Culicoides spp. were carried out at the FPMZB-BH from 9 December 2021 to 18 November 2022. A higher prevalence of these insects was observed during the summer months, especially in February. Factors such as elevated temperatures, high humidity, fecal accumulation, and proximity to large animals, like camels and elephants, were associated with increased Culicoides capture. Among the identified Culicoides spp. species, Culicoides insignis Lutz, 1913, constituted 75%, and Culicoides pusillus Lutz, 1913, 6% of the collected midges, both described as competent vectors for Orbivirus transmission. Additionally, a previously unreported species in Minas Gerais, Culicoides debilipalpis Lutz, 1913, was identified, also suspected of being a transmitter of these Orbiviruses. The feeding preferences of some Culicoides species were analyzed, revealing that C. insignis feeds on deer, Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and European fallow deer (Dama dama). Different Culicoides spp. were also identified feeding on humans, raising concerns about the potential transmission of arboviruses at the site. In parallel, 72 serum samples from 14 susceptible species, including various Cervids, collected between 2012 and 2022 from the FPMZB-BH serum bank, underwent Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) testing for BTV and EHDV. The results showed 75% seropositivity for BTV and 19% for EHDV. Post-testing analysis revealed variations in antibody presence against BTV in a tapir and a fallow deer and against EHDV in a gemsbok across different years. These studies confirm the presence of BTV and EHDV vectors, along with potential virus circulation in the zoo. Consequently, implementing control measures is essential to prevent susceptible species from becoming infected and developing clinical diseases.
Polymeric Nanoparticles as Oral and Intranasal Peptide Vaccine Delivery Systems: The Role of Shape and Conjugation
Authors: Koirala Prashamsa , Shalash Ahmed O. , Chen Sung-Po R. , Faruck Mohammad O. , Wang Jingwen , Hussein Waleed M. , Khalil Zeinab G. , Capon Robert J. , Monteiro Michael J. , Toth Istvan , Skwarczynski Mariusz
Published: February 2024

Mucosal vaccines are highly attractive due to high patient compliance and their suitability for mass immunizations. However, all currently licensed mucosal vaccines are composed of attenuated/inactive whole microbes, which are associated with a variety of safety concerns. In contrast, modern subunit vaccines use minimal pathogenic components (antigens) that are safe but typically poorly immunogenic when delivered via mucosal administration. In this study, we demonstrated the utility of various functional polymer-based nanostructures as vaccine carriers. A Group A Streptococcus (GAS)-derived peptide antigen (PJ8) was selected in light of the recent global spread of invasive GAS infection. The vaccine candidates were prepared by either conjugation or physical mixing of PJ8 with rod-, sphere-, worm-, and tadpole-shaped polymeric nanoparticles. The roles of nanoparticle shape and antigen conjugation in vaccine immunogenicity were demonstrated through the comparison of three distinct immunization pathways (subcutaneous, intranasal, and oral). No additional adjuvant or carrier was required to induce bactericidal immune responses even upon oral vaccine administration.
Simulation of the Entire Process of an Interbasin Water Transfer Project for Flow Routing
Authors: Ye Xiangmin , Wang Yimin , Xie Zhengyi , Huang Mengdi
Published: February 2024

The flow routing process plays a crucial role in underpinning the execution of real-time operations within interbasin water transfer projects (IWTPs). However, the water transfer process within the supplying area is significantly affected by the time lag of water flow over extended distances, which results in a misalignment with the water demand process in the receiving area. Hence, there is an imperative need to investigate the flow routing patterns in long-distance water transfer processes. While MIKE11(2014 version) software and the Muskingum method are proficient in simulating flow routing within a water transfer network, they fall short in addressing issues arising from mixed free-surface-pressure flows in water transfer pipelines. This study enhanced the capabilities of the MIKE11(2014 version) software and the Muskingum method by introducing the Preissmann virtual narrow gap method to tackle the challenge of simulating mixed free-surface-pressure flows, a task unattainable by the model independently. This approach provides a clear elucidation of hydraulic characteristics within the water transfer network, encompassing flow rates and routing times. Furthermore, this is integrated with the Muskingum inverse method to compute the actual water demand process within the supplying area. This methodology is implemented in the context of the Han River to Wei River Diversion Project (HTWDP). The research findings reveal that the routing time for the Qinling water conveyance tunnel, under maximum design flow rate conditions, is 12.78 h, while for the south and north main lines, it stands at 15.85 and 20.15 h, respectively. These results underscore the significance of the time lag effect in long-distance water conveyance. It is noteworthy that the average errors between simulated and calculated values for the south and north main lines in the flow routing process are 0.45 m3/s and 0.51 m3/s, respectively. Compared to not using the Preissmann virtual narrow gap method, these errors are reduced by 59.82% and 70.35%, indicating a significant decrease in the discrepancy between simulated and calculated values through the adoption of the Preissmann virtual narrow gap method. This substantially improves the model’s fitting accuracy. Furthermore, the KGE indices for the flow routing model are all above 0.5, and the overall trend of the reverse flow routing process closely aligns with the simulated process. The relative errors for most time periods are constrained within a 5% range, demonstrating the reasonability and precision of the model.
Integrated Prediction Model for Upstream Reservoir Sedimentation in a Weir: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Numerical and Experimental Approaches
Authors: Ahn Jungkyu , Song Chang Geun , Park Sung Won
Published: February 2024

In this study, a new empirical equation was established to predict the sedimentation volume resulting from the construction of a multi-purpose weir or low-head dam using experimental approaches. Applying the 1-D numerical model (STAFF), which is based on Exner’s equation, 2545 cases were simulated and laboratory experiments were conducted with various sediment particle sizes, channel slopes, inlet discharge, and outlet water elevation. Short-term predictions were conducted through laboratory experiments with movable bed, and the results indicated that dimensionless unit stream power and the Shields parameter exhibited the most significant correlation with dimensionless deposition volume. In particular, we analyzed the phenomenon in which the backwater effect and reservoir delta. Using a multiple regression approach, the developed empirical equation was validated for predicting sedimentation in the upstream reservoir of the weir.
Occurrence and Distribution of Fluoride in Groundwater and Drinking Water Vulnerability of a Tropical Dry Region of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Yasaswini Gaddam , Kushala Sambani , Santhosh Ganjikunta S. V. , Naik Mude T. K. , Mondal Mijanur , Dey Uttiya , Das Kousik , Sarkar Soumyajit , Kumar Pankaj
Published: February 2024

There has been a growing concern over the occurrence of fluoride (F−) in groundwater and the impact of F− exposure on human health issues over the past decades. So, this study conducted a regional–scale assessment of the occurrence and trend of groundwater F− distribution [2014–2018] integrated with locally field–based investigations on F− exposure to a few selected families (10 households and 35 respondents) and reason behind their consumption of F− containing water (n = 18). In the local study, water samples were collected from multiple sources around the selected households by dividing them into consumptive and non–consumptive use. Results revealed that across the state of Andhra Pradesh, the occurrence of F− is more than the permissible limit in groundwater, and it has been increasing over the years (2014–2018) (average SD is 0.55), and the local study showed that the groundwater had an average of 1.5 mg/L F−, while other sourced water had an average of <1 mg/L F−. Most interestingly, nine families are consuming non–F− containing water (<0.52 mg F−/day) which is commercially available, while only one family is consuming F− containing groundwater and being exposed to >3 mg F−/day. This disparity in fluoride exposure is dependent on economic stability and health exposure policies.
KORELASI TIPE KEPRIBADIAN (BIG FIVE PERSONALITY) DENGAN SIKAP CARING PERAWAT PUSKESMAS
Authors: Rahmatin Deviyanti Arlisa , Faozi Akhmad , Lindayani Emi
Published: February 2024

Sikap caring merupakan elemen kunci dalam pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan, mencakup aspek profesionalisme, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan perawat yang memiliki dampak signifikan pada kualitas asuhan, pelayanan keperawatan, dan keselamatan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi korelasi antara karakteristik kepribadian dengan sikap caring yang ditunjukkan oleh perawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan populasi seluruh perawat Puskesmas yang bertugas di Kecamatan Jatinangor sebanyak 31 orang. Teknik sampling menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner tipe kepribadian big five personality dan Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI) 24 yang dibagikan melalui google form. Hasil penelitian didapatkan tipe kepribadian Agreebleness sebanyak 22 responden (70,968%), Extraversion sebanyak 6 responden (19,355%), Conscientiousness 2 responden (6,452%), dan Openness to Experience 1 responden (3,266%). Mayoritas sikap caring perawat Baik dengan jumlah 28 responden (90,323%) dan caring perawat cukup sebanyak 3 responden (9,677%). Hasil uji Chi-Square diperoleh nilai p value 0,185 (p>0,05). Dapat disimpulkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara tipe kepribadian dengan sikap caring perawat Puskesmas.
Aktivitas antibakteri bakteri endofit daun kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis) terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Harmileni Harmileni , Saragih Gimelliya , Hidayani Tengku Rachmi , Mirnandaulia Meutia
Published: February 2024

Mikroorganisme endofit adalah mikroorganisme yang terdapat dalam jaringan tanaman dan memiliki kemiripan sifat senyawa bioaktif dengan tanaman inangnya. Daun kelapa sawit diketahui memiliki aktivitas antibakteri, tetapi penelitian mengenai aktivitas antibakteri bakteri endofitnya belum pernah dilaporkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi bakteri endofit dari daun kelapa sawit serta menentukan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Delapan isolat bakteri endofit berhasil diisolasi dari daun kelapa sawit. Satu isolat termasuk bakteri Gram negatif dan tujuh isolat adalah bakteri Gram positif. Analisa morfologi menunjukkan satu isolat berbentuk basil dan yang lain berbentuk kokus. Uji antibakteri menunjukkan satu isolat (IDS18) menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri yang kuat terhadap S.aureus dengan zona hambat 13 mm, tetapi tidak menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli. Sementara lima isolat yaitu IDS1, IDS10, IDS11, IDS14 dan IDS16 menunjukkan aktivitas yang lemah terhadap E.coli, tetapi tidak memiliki aktivitas terhadap S.aureus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit daun kelapa sawit berpotensi sebagai penghasil senyawa antibakteri. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai optimasi produksi senyawa bioaktif antibakteri serta karakterisasinya.
Car service station wastewater treatment using electrocoagulation technology
Authors: Rida Cut Nova , Faizal Muhammad , Novia Novia , Nasution Subang Aini , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: February 2024

Efforts to prevent environmental pollution due to wastewater produced by car service station can be carried out using electrocoagulation technology. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of electrocoagulation technology for treating car service station wastewater. This research is an experimental study conducted in a car workshop at PT Jaya Indah Motor Jambi City. The electrocoagulation machine used an Automatic PLC System WWTP 350 L with total dimensions of 1200 x 1200 x1700 mm, power 380Volt/20A (Stanby Steady State). Researchers compared the research data with the wastewater quality standards contained in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.68.MENLHK/Setjen/KUM/.I/8/2016. The results showed that the final value of the parameters of the treatment results using electrocoagulation had met the wastewater quality standards (TSS 19.75 mg/L; pH 6.92; BOD 8.46 mg/L; COD 25.07 mg/L; oil and fat 2.75 mg/L; and ammonia 7.12 mg/L).
A case report of a mucocele
Authors: Pulungan Ica Yulianti
Published: February 2024

Frontal sinus mucoceles can present with a multitude of symptoms including ophthalmic disturbances. In benign conditions, they tend to expand by eroding the surrounding bony walls that displace and destroy structures through pressure and bony resorption. It becomes inflamed and filled with pus (pyocele) or a combination of both (mucopyocele). Due to its expansile nature, mucocele is important for diagnosis. Frontal mucoceles are benign and curable. Early recognition and management are important, as they can cause local, orbital, or intracranial complications. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of mucocele and emphasize the importance of radiological imaging, especially CT-Scan and MRI, in supporting the diagnosis of frontal sinus mucocele, detecting invasive processes to surrounding tissues and their extension to the intraorbita/intracranial, planning before surgery/biopsy, and evaluating the results of therapy.
The role of Chest HRCT in diagnosis active tuberculosis & lung destruction
Authors: Soekardi Adi , Icksan Aziza Ghanie , Ernes Audrina
Published: February 2024

Tuberculosis is a public health problem caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2021 there will be 10.6 million cases in the world, and Indonesia ranks 2nd with 700,000 cases. In 2022, there will be 17,303 cases in North Sumatra Province and 2,430 cases in Medan City. In current practice, evaluation and diagnosis of active tuberculosis relies on bacteriological examination and Chest Radiographs. However, Chest Radiographs have limited specificity and high intraobserver and interobserver variability. HRCT is also not widely used as a routine option for patients suspected of suffering from tuberculosis, even though HRCT has high accuracy in detecting tuberculosis. We present a case of a patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis and lung destruction e.c. advanced pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-Tuberculosis) (declared cured in 2018 after 2 years of treatment). This patient was evaluated with chest radiograph and chest HRCT. In this case, the initial findings on the Chest Radiograph, showed the impression of inactive tuberculosis but on further examination with chest HRCT, there was a tree in bud image which indicated active tuberculosis. This shows that there are limitations in diagnosing tuberculosis activity using Chest Radiographs. Due to the significant role of HRCT in the diagnosis of tuberculosis activity, it is necessary to consider the use of HRCT in the evaluation of patients with tuberculosis.
Nutritional status and its associated factors among children
Authors: Masdalena Masdalena , Nadapdap Marshall Jeremia
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to analyze the nutritional status of children in these districts, taking into account factors such as age, gender, maternal education, family income, and children's eating patterns. The study used a cross-sectional design, with 279 children aged 1-10 years as subjects. Data were collected by distributing structured questionnaires to the participants’ parents. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine the significance of the relationship between the predictors and nutritional status of the children (α = 0.05). The results showed that maternal education (0.012), parental income (0.001), and eating patterns (0.001) were significantly associated with the nutritional status of children who were stunted and normal. However, for overweight and obese children, maternal education (0.835), parental income (0.951), and eating patterns (0.309) were not predictors of nutritional status. Age and sex did not significantly influence the nutritional status of children in all categories. Family based interventions through health education are needed to improve nutritional literacy so that parents can plan and prepare nutritious meals for their children. The government must provide policies to support families, especially those with low incomes, to ensure the availability of adequate food and access to nutritious food.
Construction waste in Brazil: a narrative review
Authors: Da Conceição Mário Marcos Moreira , Pessoa Ailton Caetano Nascimento , Feitosa Henoque Nascimento , Da Silva Marília Palheta , De Almeida Sandro Wilton Pinheiro , De Queiroz Juciane Mendes , Da Cunha Waldirene Sales , Da Cruz Jeidson Philipe Mendes , Barbosa Amanda Tavares , Pinheiro Gustavo Fernandes , Costa Yasmin Santos , Mello Matheus Viana , De Sousa Jameles Silva , Pereira Everton Douglas Silva , Souza Yan Leno Rodrigues dos Santos
Published: February 2024

The final destination or disposition given to the RS, especially in developing countries, as in Brazil, is carried out in greater proportions in an inadequate manner, which corroborates, in the case of the DRC, in serious problems of an aesthetic, environmental and public health order. The objective is to quantitatively analyze the correlation between population growth and CPR generation, in a timeframe between 2017 and 2022 in Brazil. The method applied was deductive. The research was exploratory in nature and applied. Secondary data collection was carried out from access to the free data platform of the Panorama of Solid Waste in Brazil published by the Brazilian Association of Public Cleaning Companies and Special Residues - ABRELPE. A qualitative analysis of the population growth and CPR index collected between 2017 and 2021 was performed to verify the correlation between these variables in each Region of Brazil. The five Regions of Brazil presented population growth as a strong influence factor in the rate of CPR collected in the five years of this analysis, in addition, other factors are linked to this action such as: Processing losses related to inefficiency in the working methods and disqualified labor, besides losses in stocks: associated with inadequate storage of materials, as well as excess stock. There was a tendency of increasing collection of the DRC in the five Brazilian Regions. The North Region has the lowest per capita production of the five Brazilian regions, being influenced by the low economic influence of civil construction of this period. The population growth variable has a direct influence with the CPR collected in the five regions of the country.
НАУКОВО-ТЕХНІЧНІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ І БЕЗПЕКА ДОРОЖНЬОГО РУХУ: PRO ET CONTRA
Authors: Калініна А. В.
Published: February 2024

У статті порушено проблему убезпечення дорожнього руху за допомогою smart-технологій. Зазначено, що це – прогресивний вектор розвитку дорожньої безпеки у ХХІ столітті. Амбітною метою такого підходу є мінімізація і прагнення до стратегії повної ліквідації дорожньо-транспортної смертності й травматизму. Метою публікації визначено розкриття позитивних аспектів і негативного впливу науково-технічного прогресу на процеси убезпечення дорожнього руху. Дослідження здійнено з опорою на системний, комплексний, проблемний і культурологічний підходи до вивчення феноменів і процесів у галузі права, зокрема в контексті запобігання автотранспортним правопорушенням. У статті розкрито бачення поняття, ролі й перспектив цифровізації убезпечення дорожнього руху за такими напрямами: smart-дороги, використання безпілотних літальних апаратів та безпілотних авто. Автором акцентовано увагу на тому, що підвищення безпеки на автошляхах має значний кримінологічний ефект – зменшення автотранспортної злочинності, ціна якої – життя, здоров’я та майно громадян. Діджиталізація сфери забезпечення безпеки сформувався окремий напрям такої діяльності – smart-безпека. Автором охарактеризовано рівні smart-безпеки: особистий, що передбачає забезпечення дистанційного доступу до камер безпеки, встановлених особою, відправлення власнику повідомлень, у разі виявлення фактів, що потребують уваги, а також здійснення аналітики; колективний, що передбачає використання технології Smart Buildings – будівництво та благоустрій з вико ристанням інженерних та інформаційних систем; масовий, коли здійснюється забезпечення безпеки значної кількості суб’єктів, наприклад, міста, регіону. У статті приділено увагу базовому елементу забезпечення smart-безпеки на дорогах: використання високотехнологічних відеокамер для автоматизованої фіксації порушень правифл дорожнього руху. З урахуванням реалій провадженого воєнного стану автором аргументовано тезу про те, що нові криміногенні виклики вимагають перегляду й трансформації процесів діджиталізації сфери забезпечення безпеки дорожнього руху для актуалізації перспективних напрямів запобігання кримінальним правопорушенням
ХАРАКЕРИСТИКА «ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ» ЯК КВАЛІФІКУЮЧОЇ ОЗНАКИ, ПЕРЕДБАЧЕНОЇ Ч.4 СТ.425 КК УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Журавльов М. С.
Published: February 2024

Стан дотримання законності та військового правопорядку в Збройних Силах України, інших військових формуваннях, що діють відповідно до законодавства України істотно впливають на обороноздатність держави. Нові виклики, загрози та завдання, які постали перед державою та суспільством і зумовлені воєнним станом актуалізували проведення наукових досліджень та з’ясування кримінально-правових аспектів військових кримінальних правопорушень. Наукова спільнота активно дискутує з приводу проблемних питань належного регулювання кримінальних правопорушень проти встановленого порядку несення військової служби (військових кримінальних правопорушень). Автор акцентує увагу на тому, що кваліфікація кримінального правопорушення є найважливішим та найскладнішим завданням у правозастосуванні. У статті здійснено досліджено змісту каліфікуючих ознак як засобу диференціації кримінальної відповідальності. Обґрунтовується думка щодо важливості даного питання, адже це створює підґрунтя для конструювання окремих видів діянь і визначення меж караності. Метою статті є з’ясування змісту кваліфікуючої ознаки «в умовах воєнного стану», яка передбачена ч.4 ст.425 Кримінального кодексу України.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЗМІН ІСТОТНИХ УМОВ ПРАЦІ, МЕХАНІЗМУ ЇХ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ З ТОЧКИ ЗОРУ РОЗПОДІЛУ СВОБОДИ ВОЛІ СТОРІН ТРУДОВОГО ДОГОВОРУ, ЗОКРЕМА В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Головань Т. Г.
Published: February 2024

Метою статті є характеристика сучасних особливостей правового регулювання змін істотних умов праці, механізму їх впровадження з огляду на розподіл свободи волі сторін трудового договору, зокрема в умовах воєнного стану. Автор зазначає, що законодавець зміну істотних умов праці визначає самостійним видом зміни трудового договору. При цьому саме зміна істотних умов праці є одним з найбільш дискусійних та проблемних питань серед науковців та юристів-практиків. Невизначеним залишається поняття «істотні умови праці», перелік істотних умов праці також не є вичерпним. Усе це призводить до проблем у правозастосуванні та порушення прав працівників. Законодавець допускає як значимий юридичний факт для зміни істотних умов праці, як різновиду зміни трудового договору, прояв свободи волі однієї сторони трудового договору. На практиці виникають питання правильного застосування норм, що розглядаються, а тому, трудові права працівників можуть порушуватися роботодавцями. Відповідно має бути визначено належний правовий механізм впровадження зміни істотних умов праці на законодавчому рівні, який би допомагав уникнути порушення трудових прав працівників.етою статті є характеристика сучасних особливостей правового регулювання змін істотних умов праці, механізму їх впровадження з огляду на розподіл свободи волі сторін трудового договору, зокрема в умовах воєнного стану. Автор зазначає, що законодавець зміну істотних умов праці визначає самостійним видом зміни трудового договору. При цьому саме зміна істотних умов праці є одним з найбільш дискусійних та проблемних питань серед науковців та юристів-практиків. Невизначеним залишається поняття «істотні умови праці», перелік істотних умов праці також не є вичерпним. Усе це призводить до проблем у правозастосуванні та порушення прав працівників. Законодавець допускає як значимий юридичний факт для зміни істотних умов праці, як різновиду зміни трудового договору, прояв свободи волі однієї сторони трудового договору. На практиці виникають питання правильного застосування норм, що розглядаються, а тому, трудові права працівників можуть порушуватися роботодавцями. Відповідно має бути визначено належний правовий механізм впровадження зміни істотних умов праці на законодавчому рівні, який би допомагав уникнути порушення трудових прав працівників. Автор робить висновки, що зміна істотних умов праці має бути викликана наявністю об’єктивних причин; стосується підприємства або його структурного підрозділу; має спеціальний порядок проведення, який потребує деталізації на законодавчому рівні на період дії режиму воєнного стану. Убачається, що ст.3 Закону України «Про організацію трудових відносин в умовах воєнного стану» потребує доповнень щодо конкретизації механізму застосування зміни істотних умов праці.