bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A “missão” de Francisco de Assis e o sultão Al-malik Al-kamil: a construção de uma política dialógica frente o islã medieval
Authors: Da Silva Gonçalves Gustavo
Published: May 2022

O artigo faz uma reflexão sobre o encontro que envolveu Francisco de Assis e o sultão al-Malik al-Kamil. Na Quinta Cruzada (1217-1221), acredita-se que o frade desempenhou um importante papel na construção de uma “política dialógica”, sendo esta uma forma de conquista diferente dos embates militares. Também se teoriza sobre as práticas retóricas desenvolvidas no período para melhor precisar esta noção, cujo exame se dirige especialmente – mas não se restringe - às práticas dirigidas nas comunas italianas. Conclui-se que a missão de Francisco é mais bem compreendida a partir de sua própria historicidade, ou seja, que a noção de política e de diálogo necessite de uma abordagem específica àquele tempo histórico. Significa, portanto, que uma suposta dimensão “pacífica” levada a cabo por Francisco é devidamente analisada se considerada de forma crítica e histórica.
Da Epístola de Tiago às Memórias de Jaime: a sacralização da guerra e a modalidade cavaleiresca do crer
Authors: Prates de Andrade Rodrigo
Published: May 2022

Jaime I de Aragão (1208-1276) afirmara no Llibre dels Feyts, obra de caráter autobiográfico ditada pelo próprio monarca, uma célebre passagem proferida séculos antes pelo seu homônimo na Epístola de Tiago – sem obras a fé está morta. Procuramos neste artigo refletir acerca dos movimentos e transformações destes conceitos fundamentais ao cristianismo e ao processo de sacralização da guerra. Dos primeiros anos aos movimentos cruzadísticos dos séculos XII e XIII os conceitos de fé e obra assumiram uma formalidade nobiliárquica. Nesta modalidade cavaleiresca do crer, nobres, senhores e cavaleiros estabeleceram no combate um contato direto com o divino.
História do corpo na Idade Média: representações, símbolos e cultura popular
Authors: Silva Ranhel André
Published: May 2022

O presente trabalho visa analisar as concepções e representações sobre o corpo no período medieval. De forma geral, pretende-se identificar representações simbólicas sobre o corpo e as mudanças que essas sofreram ao longo da Idade Média, revelando por vezes facetas distintas entre a cultura erudita e a cultura popular, ou mesmo da cultura clerical em relação à cultura laica. Trabalharemos o corpo e sua complexa relação dual com a alma, como ela era utilizada de forma simbólica e como essa relação mudou a partir do século XIII. Veremos também como as doenças eram tratadas de forma espiritual e a fisiologia simbólica dentro das representações sociais. Por fim, como se dava a relação dos vivos com os mortos, principalmente com os corpos dos mortos e como a Igreja se esforçou para espiritualizar essa relação.
As histórias de um livro catedral: relações entre passado, presente e futuro na interpretação do Dragmaticon do mestre Guilherme de Conches (1080-1154)
Authors: Lanzieri Júnior Carlile
Published: May 2022

Escrito entre os anos de 1144 e 1149, o Dragmaticon divide-se em seis livros que trazem muitas das concepções pedagógicas de Guilherme de Conches (1090-1154). Concepções assinaladas por uma percepção profunda do tempo, o que nos sugere a intensa relação que Guilherme estabeleceu entre experiências passadas e expectativas futuras diante de um presente que considerava decadente e que teria pouco a ensinar aos que a ele se inclinavam. Ombro a ombro com personagens como João de Salisbury (c.1120-1180), Bernardo de Chartres (†1160) e Gilberto de La Porrée (1076-1154), Guilherme de Conches atuou na consolidação do que foi denominado pela posteridade como a Escola da Catedral de Chartres, uma das importantes expressões da cultura intelectual do século XII.
Desconstrução do conceito sexo frágil a exemplo da governança na Península Ibérica
Authors: Reis Alves Janaina
Published: May 2022

O livro didático é um material muito utilizado pelas escolas de educação básica. Seu método de confecção e escolhas de temas não são debatidos durante o processo de escolha, ainda que a cada três anos tal material seja reavaliado pelas instituições escolares. No estado de São Paulo a escolha é pautada pelos professores mais antigos das instituições de ensino. Neste caso o livro é escolhido pelo conteúdo ou pela predileção pelo autor? O presente artigo tem por objetivo fazer um levantamento de livros didáticos publicados recentemente a fim de identificar como as personagens históricas femininas são ali apresentadas. No caso, o presente trabalho discute o papel de uma governante que atuou na Península Ibérica medieval e sua pertinência na desconstrução da imagem de sexo frágil atribuída à mulher na Idade Média que ainda está presente nos livros didáticos de História.
“[...] palavras de constituição e brasileirismo na boca, [...] português e absoluto de coração [...]” : o prognóstico histórico de Barbacena e a crise do 7 de abril de 1831
Authors: Cupello Peixoto Rafael
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo visa debater a missiva de 15 de dezembro de 1830, escrita pelo marquês de Barbacena para o imperador D. Pedro I, indo para além do debate tradicional promovido sobre esse documento, isto é, de que a carta representava um símbolo da “nacionalidade brasileira” ultrajada pelo “português” D. Pedro I, bem como de que esta foi fruto de uma “profecia” de Barbacena como alardeado por seus biógrafos. Acreditamos que a missiva de Caldeira Brant serve como importante instrumento analítico que ajuda a elucidar as intrigas palacianas na corte de D. Pedro I e a identificar a disputa pela hegemonia do “campo político” imperial por parte das “facções” partidárias que compunham o quadro político do Primeiro Reinado.
Teorias sobre nacionalismo: um debate conceitual e teórico das relações entre Nação e História
Authors: Macedo da Rocha Santos Rafael
Published: May 2022

A ideia de nação permeia os estudos de ciências humanas como um dos conceitos mais desafiadores da atualidade. A particularidade do nacional na História permitiu que a formação do Estado-Nação planificasse as ações humanas em um sistema racional-burocrático em conexão com outras vertentes sociais e culturais até mesmo fora da alçada tradicional do político. O artigo pretende oferecer um amplo debate teórico entre as origens do conceito de nacionalismo concomitante com a própria trajetória do conhecimento histórico com enfoque a partir do século XIX.
Como produzir iluminações para crianças? Filosofia da história e as narrativas radiofônicas de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Guilherme Pio Leopoldo
Published: May 2022

Resenha: BENJAMIN, Walter. A hora das crianças. Narrativas radiofônicas de Walter Benjamin. Rio de Janeiro, Nau Editora, 2016, 292p.
Revista Veredas da História (v. 11, n.1, 2018)
Authors: Pereira Lima Marcelo , Vieira de Melo Santos Lucas
Published: May 2022

Edição Completa da Revista Veredas da História, v. 11, n.1, 2018
Editorial
Authors: Galrão Abrantes Beatriz , Vieira de Melo Santos Lucas , ´Pereira Lima Marcelo
Published: May 2022

Por que um dossiê sobre História & Moda? Não seria uma ode à fragmentação ou dispersão de temas e abordagens teórico-metodológicas e epistemológicas? Este dossiê foi organizado com um exemplar de que quaisquer temas, fontes e perspectiva podem ser discutidos de forma interdisciplinar, constituindo espaços legítimos de investigação acadêmica. Sem deixar de lado escalas de diálogos com o campo da História, esse dossiê, intitulado Moda & História, foi organizado gentilmente por Paulo Debom (Centro Universitário Celso Lisboa) e Camila Borges da Silva (Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro).
O antigermanismo no período da campanha de nacionalização do Estado Novo (1937-1945)
Authors: Probst Melissa , Ficht Raquel
Published: May 2022

O presente texto é resultante de estudo teórico que teve como tema o antigermanismo no período da campanha de nacionalização e seus impactos nas comunidades teuto-brasileiras instaladas no sul do Brasil, com maior destaque para estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Buscou-se investigar quais os efeitos imediatos a campanha de nacionalização instaurada durante o período do Estado Novo (1937-1945) sobre as populações dos teuto-brasileiros instalados na região sul, bem como refletir sobre as consequências de tal campanha em longo prazo. O estudo mostra que as consequências podem ser sentidas até o tempo presente.
The influence of prior knowledge on inexperienced interviewers' questioning of children
Authors: Price Heather L. , Ornstein Peter A.
Published: May 2022

Thirty‐eight interviewers with no prior investigative interviewing experience questioned school‐aged children (N = 68, aged 6–10 years) about a personally experienced event. These interviewers relied primarily on question types that are not recommended by interviewing guidelines. Providing interviewers with misleading prior knowledge exacerbated this negative questioning style by significantly increasing the likelihood of suggestive questioning, compared to interviewers who received only vague background information. These findings, coupled with the infiltration of prior knowledge into some children's testimonies, raise concerns about the natural questioning styles to which children are exposed when interviewed by adults who are not trained in forensic interviewing.
Maintaining intimacy during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wolf Tabea , Nusser Lisa
Published: May 2022

The present study investigated whether autobiographical memories serve to maintain feelings of intimacy in times of social isolation that result from the restrictions related to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Data came from 104 young and older adults who reported three important and three social memories, that is, memories about someone the participants were unable to meet because of the pandemic‐related restrictions. Our findings support that social memories more frequently serve intimacy functions than important memories do, and this difference is more pronounced for older compared to young adults. Moreover, social loneliness is associated with less frequent use of important memories for intimacy functions, whereas emotional loneliness shows a positive association. Results are discussed in terms of what type of memories can be used to maintain intimacy feelings across age groups and regarding qualitative and quantitative aspects of loneliness that differently predict the use of memories for intimacy functions.
Spherulitic Crystal Growth Drives Mineral Deposition Patterns in Collagen‐Based Materials
Authors: Macías‐Sánchez Elena , Tarakina Nadezda V. , Ivanov Danail , Blouin Stéphane , Berzlanovich Andrea M. , Fratzl Peter
Published: May 2022

The formation of the hard tissues that provide support and mobility to organisms is achieved through the interplay of inorganic crystals and an organic framework composed of collagen and a small percentage of non‐collagenous proteins. Despite their clinical relevance, the mechanisms governing mineralization of the extracellular matrix are still poorly understood. By using 3D electron tomography and high‐resolution electron microscopy imaging and spectroscopy, it has been demonstrated that mineralization proceeds through a spherulitic‐like crystal growth process. First, aggregates of disordered crystals form in the interfibrillar spaces, which lead to the mineralization of adjacent fibrils. Mineral propagates steadily through the inter‐ and intrafibrillar spaces of the collagen structure forming layered spherulites that grow to confluence. The structure of the collagen fibrils serves as a protein scaffold to guide the formation of a myriad of platelet‐shaped crystallites that make up each of these spherulites. At their periphery, nanosized unmineralized areas remain, leading to the formation of the characteristic lacy pattern observed in the transversal cross‐section of mature calcified tissues. This study provides fundamental insights into the bone formation process and represents a potential strategy for complex materials design.
Computational DNA Droplets Recognizing miRNA Sequence Inputs Based on Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation
Authors: Gong Jing , Tsumura Nozomi , Sato Yusuke , Takinoue Masahiro
Published: May 2022

Phase‐separated biomolecular droplets are formed in cells to regulate various biological processes. This phenomenon can be applied to constructing self‐assembled dynamic molecular systems such as artificial cells and molecular robots. Recently, programmable phase‐separated droplets called DNA droplets have been reported as a possible method to construct such dynamic molecular systems. This study reports a computational DNA droplet that can recognize a specific combination of tumor biomarker microRNAs (miRNAs) as molecular inputs and output a DNA logic computing result by physical DNA droplet phase separation. A mixed DNA droplet consisting of three DNA nanostructures with orthogonal sticky‐end sequences and two linker DNAs to cross‐bridge the orthogonal DNA nanostructures is proposed. By the hybridization of miRNAs with the linkers, the cross‐bridging ability is lost, causing the phase‐separation of the mixed DNA droplet into three DNA droplets, resulting in executing a miRNA pattern recognition described by a logical expression ((miRNA‐1 ∧ miRNA‐2) ∧ (miRNA‐3 ∧ ¬miRNA‐4)). This experimentally demonstrates that the computational DNA droplets recognize the above specific pattern of chemically synthesized miRNA sequences as a model experiment. In the future, this method will provide potential applications such as diagnosis and therapy with integration to biomolecular robots and artificial cells.
Enhanced Dual‐Directional Sulfur Redox via a Biotemplated Single‐Atomic Fe–N2 Mediator Promises Durable Li–S Batteries
Authors: Ding Yifan , Cheng Qiushi , Wu Jianghua , Yan Tianran , Shi Zixiong , Wang Menglei , Yang Dongzi , Wang Peng , Zhang Liang , Sun Jingyu
Published: May 2022

The lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is considered as an appealing candidate for next‐generation electrochemical energy storage systems because of high energy and low cost. Nonetheless, its development is plagued by the severe polysulfide shuttling and sluggish reaction kinetics. Although single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as a promising remedy to expedite sulfur redox chemistry, the mediocre single‐atom loading, inferior atomic utilization, and elusive catalytic pathway handicap their practical application. To tackle these concerns, in this work, unsaturated Fe single atoms with high loading capacity (≈6.32 wt%) are crafted on a 3D hierarchical C3N4 architecture (3DFeSA‐CN) by means of biotemplated synthesis. By electrokinetic analysis and theoretical calculations, it is uncovered that the 3DFeSA‐CN harnesses robust electrocatalytic activity to boost dual‐directional sulfur redox. As a result, S@3DFeSA‐CN can maintain a durable cyclic performance with a negligible capacity decay rate of 0.031% per cycle over 2000 cycles at 1.0 C. More encouragingly, an assembled Li–S battery with a sulfur loading of 5.75 mg cm−2 can harvest a high areal capacity of 6.18 mAh cm−2. This work offers a promising solution to optimize the carbonaceous support and coordination environment of SACs, thereby ultimately elevating dual‐directional sulfur redox in pragmatic Li–S batteries.
Laser‐Assisted Rapid Fabrication of Large‐Scale Graphene Oxide Transparent Conductors
Authors: Sanati Afsaneh L. , Chambel Alexandre , Lopes Pedro Alhais , Nikitin Timur , Fausto Rui , Tavakoli Mahmoud
Published: May 2022

Although graphene films are the main candidate for replacing scarce and brittle metal‐oxide transparent conductors, the current challenges on graphene deposition and patterning are severely limiting their commercial application. Here, materials and methods that allow large‐scale, efficient, and low‐cost fabrication of highly transparent conductors in a few minutes are demonstrated. First, a low‐cost graphene oxide (GO) solution through spray coating is deposited, followed by simultaneous reduced graphene oxide reduction and thinning through a low‐cost nanosecond fiber laser. It is shown that a 1064 nm master oscillator power amplifier laser enhances the conductivity of GO coated sample by ≈60 times, with excellent optical transparency of 90%. The laser parameters are adjusted, and creation of various shades of transparency, conductivity, and a full ablation are demonstrated. This way, complex GO‐based circuits can be produced rapidly. Compared to the existing techniques that require chemical vapor deposition, and chemical/thermal reduction, this technique is considerably more accessible, replicable, and can open doors for various applications in optoelectronics, energy storage/harvesting, and sensing. The electrical, chemical, and optical properties of the samples are characterized before and after laser treatment, through optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, and (UV, Raman, and energy dispersive X‐ray) spectroscopy and applications in transparent conductors, and laser‐patterned high‐resolution and miniaturized interdigitated sensors are shown.
Laser Processed Magnetite Nanoparticles Embedded on rGO Composites for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Sathiyan Krishnamoorthy , Lal Aneena , Borenstein Arie
Published: May 2022

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a key role in the ongoing global search for effective and clean energy sources. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to finding high‐performance electrocatalysts consisting of nonprecious metals. The search is spent, not only on the designing of new materials, but also on the invention of new fabrication techniques. Recently, laser processing has emerged as a promising route to obtain micron‐thick films of highly graphitic carbons. The laser approach enables a fast one‐step synthesis of highly‐dispersed nanoparticles under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. In this work, a laser is used to fabricate magnetite/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite electrodes as electrocatalysts. The graphitization level can be controlled by tuning different laser parameters. The detailed chemical, structural and morphology characterization, and electrochemical measurements are investigated. With only five atomic percentage metal, the designed magnetite‐rGO electrocatalyst lowers the overpotential by 40 mV at 10 mA cm−2 with a smaller Tafel value (63 mV dec−1). Moreover, these studies demonstrate that magnetite‐rGO nanocomposites are stable OER electrocatalysts with only 13.5% activity reduction after 10 h of chronoamperometric operation. This work combines an efficient nanocomposites fabrication method with important implications for energy‐related applications.
Association of geriatric syndromes in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Soni Nidhi , Banerjee Joyita , Gunasekaran Venugopalan , Saini Mamta , Singh Vishwajeet , Kumar Pramod , Chakrawarty Avinash , Chatterjee Prasun , Dey Aparajit Ballav
Published: May 2022

Background

Geriatric syndromes (GS) are multi‐factorial conditions that make older adults vulnerable to morbidities and poor outcomes. The main objective was to observe the frequency of GS in older patients with COPD.

Methods

A case‐control study was conducted in the Geriatric department of a tertiary care hospital in India to evaluate geriatric syndromes including falls, cognitive impairment, frailty, functional impairment, urinary incontinence, malnutrition, and depression in patients with COPD and controls without COPD. The factors having a significant association with the occurrence of these GS in COPD patients were observed.

Results

In this study, 150 cases and 150 controls were included. The mean age of the participant was 65.85±5.54, with 76% males. Functional impairment, cognitive impairment, frailty, urinary incontinence, and malnutrition were significantly higher in COPD patients. The independent variables which increased the odds of geriatric syndromes were dyspnoea (≥2 mMRC grade) (AOR:3.54,95% CI:1.06‐11.8) and low socioeconomic status (AOR: 4.14, 95% CI: 1.03‐16.54), while male gender showed inverse association (AOR: 0.08,95% CI: 0.01‐0.99).

Conclusion

Geriatric syndromes are common in older COPD patients, and assessment for them should be done routinely in these patients.
Large‐area vacuum‐treated ZIF‐8 mixed‐matrix membrane for highly efficient methane/nitrogen separation
Authors: Gu Zhenjie , Yang Zibo , Sun Yuxiu , Qiao Zhihua , Zhong Chongli
Published: May 2022

Development of materials with excellent separation performances remains an ongoing challenge in methane/nitrogen (CH4/N2) separation science. Herein, a facile and effective method for enhancing CH4 uptake, binding, and CH4/N2 selectivity using the surface‐carbonized and stiffened zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (CSZ) via high‐vacuum‐resistance calcination (HVRC) was demonstrated. Such vacuum‐treated CSZ nanoparticles, with carbonized structures that contain Zn‐rich sites, high stability, and satisfactory compatibility with polymers, were then uniformly mixed with the strong basic polymer polyvinylamine (PVAm) to obtain large‐area mixed‐matrix membranes (1120 cm2, which is ca. 2 pieces of A4‐size paper). Owing to the presence of Zn‐rich sites and amino groups, CH4 molecules were bound more readily to CSZ and PVAm than N2, as confirmed by gas adsorption isotherms and DFT calculations. The obtained MMM modules (ca. 2000 cm2) exhibited outstanding CH4 separation performances at 85 wt% CSZ loading, achieving a CH4 permeance of 7600 GPU and CH4/N2 selectivity of 4.35.
Synthesis of P‐Arylphosphinecarboxamide Derivatives by Addition of N‐Arylphosphinecarboxamides with Aryne Precursors
Authors: Wang Wen‐Peng , Cui Xing‐Hao , Li Ming , Wang Xi‐Cun , Quan Zheng‐Jun
Published: May 2022

A reliable method for preparing P(III)‐arylphosphinecarboxamide derivatives from N‐arylphosphinecarboxamides and aryne precursors has been developed. This reaction was carried out without transition‐metal catalysts, and a series of unsymmetrically structured phosphinecarboxamide derivatives were obtained under mild conditions. In addition, the reaction is carried out under air atomosphere, and the corresponding P(III)‐aryl phosphinecarboxamide compounds are also stable in air.
Synthesizing Structured Optical Vortices
Authors: Ikonnikov Denis A. , Fokin Viacheslav A. , Vyunishev Andrey M.
Published: May 2022

A noniterative approach to generation of binary phase holograms is applied for synthesizing complex optical vortex arrays. This approach does not use inverse Fourier analysis and allows one to obtain arbitrary optical vortex arrays with specified topological charges, which cannot be obtained using conventional fork‐shaped gratings. A topological charge of individual optical vortices generated using binary phase holograms can be specified at a given spatial frequency, so that the equidistant array of optical vortices can be generated via illuminating a hologram by a beam with the zero topological charge. The results of the calculation are consistent with the experimental data, including those of the interferometric measurements. The approach also makes it possible to synthesize superimposed optical vortices, where an optical field represents well‐ordered circular arrays of optical singularities. An unusual behavior of phase dislocations in superimposed structures is found. For two optical vortices of same reciprocal lattice vectors, but different topological charges, spatial distribution of singularities are reconfigured in a such manner that a couple of concentric circular arrays of singularities appear. The proposed binary phase holograms offer new opportunities for synthesizing the complex optical vortex light fields, which can find light–matter interaction‐based applications.
A two‐loop group formation tracking control scheme for networked tri‐rotor UAVs using an ARE‐based approach
Authors: Bhowmick Parijat , Bhadra Shantanu , Panda Atanu
Published: May 2022

Cooperative control of networked unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has received significant research interest over the last decade due to its potential applications in military security and surveillance, search and rescue, planetary exploration, precision agriculture, and so on. Many of these practical activities can be formulated as a group formation tracking problem with multiple targets to track. This paper aims to address such problems via designing a cooperative control scheme for networked tri‐rotor UAVs connected with directed graph topology. The proposed methodology consists of a two‐loop control scheme—the inner loop applies a robust feedback linearization technique to linearize the coupled, nonlinear dynamics of the tri‐rotor UAVs; while the outer loop facilitates an ARE‐based cooperative group formation tracking scheme. Tri‐rotor UAVs are considered in this paper instead of quad‐rotor UAVs, which are more common in drone applications, to conquer a major limitation of the quad‐rotor UAVs that it cannot alter its attitude independently while hovering at a particular height. A rigorous theoretical proof is given to establish the two‐loop control scheme exploiting the Lyapunov stability approach and algebraic Riccati equation (ARE)‐based optimal control policy. An in‐depth case study on a multitarget surveillance mission has been performed in this paper using a virtual reality software simulation platform to demonstrate the usefulness and efficacy of the proposed scheme.
Life cycle assessment of the wood pallet repair and remanufacturing sector in the United States
Authors: Alanya‐Rosenbaum Sevda , Bergman Richard , Gething Brad , Mousavi‐Avval Seyed Hashem
Published: May 2022

Wood pallets are ubiquitous products that can be recovered and reused to enhance their service life and environmental performance. Repair/remanufacturing has an important role in extending the service life of the wood pallet. To quantify environmental performances of wood pallet reuse, this study developed representative life cycle inventory data for pallet repair/remanufacturing in the United States based on comprehensive industry‐wide production data for 2018. A gate‐to‐gate life cycle assessment covering raw material supply, raw material transportation and pallet repair/remanufacturing showed that repair/remanufacturing often had the highest impacts, including primary energy consumption at 5.09 MJ and global warming impact at 0.355 kg CO2 eq per repaired/remanufactured pallet. Electricity consumed onsite followed by nail input and the fuel used by forklifts during the manufacturing drove much of the impacts on the environment. The results of this study provide valuable information on the repair/remanufacturing impacts, allowing quantification and evaluation of the recovery stage on the overall environmental performance of wood pallets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectrofluorimetric determination of the anti‐Covid 19 agent, remdesivir, in vials and spiked human plasma
Authors: Attia Tamer Z. , Boushra John M. , Abdel Hakiem Ahmed F. , Lashien Adel S. , Noureldeen Deena A. M.
Published: May 2022

Following the sudden widespread of the novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) which first appeared in Wuhan city. Remdesivir (REM) was the first medicine licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for COVID‐19 infected hospitalized patients. Hence, there was an urgent demand for the optimization of efficient selective and sensitive methods to be developed for the determination of REM in pharmaceuticals as well as biological samples. A sensitive and simple green spectrofluorimetric method has been developed to determine REM in pharmaceutical formulation, in addition to, spiked human plasma. The technique involves measuring the native fluorescence of REM in distilled water at 410 nm followed by excitation at 241 nm, giving a linear relationship over the range 50.00–500.00 ng/mL, and then improving the sensitivity of REM through micellar formation using 2.00% w/v sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). A linear relationship has been obtained over the range 10.00–350.00 ng/mL having detection and quantitation limits of 2.34 and 7.10 ng/mL, respectively. Different analytical parameters have been carefully studied. A validation study has been conducted successfully in accordance with the FDA and the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines. The developed methods' greenness was assessed utilizing a greenness profile and analytical eco‐scale standards. Both methods were discovered to be environmentally friendly and could be successfully used for the determination of the studied drugs in pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma with good accuracy and high precision. As a result, the developed spectrofluorimetric methods could be ideally suited for determination of REM in quality control and medicinal laboratories.
Comparisons make faces more attractive: An ERP study
Authors: Han Shangfeng , Hu Jie , Gao Jie , Fan Jiayu , Xu Xinyun , Xu Pengfei , Luo Yuejia
Published: May 2022

Facial attractiveness judgment largely depends on the characteristics of the facial structure and the personality of the observer. However, little is known about the influence of contextual variations on facial attractiveness. In this electroencephalogram study, participants judged the attractiveness of faces presented individually or in pairs with either a higher‐attractive face (HAF) or lower‐attractive face (LAF). The attractiveness judgment rating of the target face was significantly higher when presented in pairs with HAFs or LAFs than when presented individually and was accompanied by a larger late positive complex. These results suggest that contextual faces enhance the attractiveness judgment of target faces. Microstate analyses revealed that the global field power (GFP) of state 3 was significantly correlated with the attractiveness judgment in the HAF condition whereas the GFP of state 2 was significantly correlated with the attractiveness judgment in the LAF condition. Interestingly, the GFP of state 2 mediated the relationship between narcissism and facial attractiveness judgment in the context of LAFs. Source location analyses showed that states 3 and 2 activated the superior and middle frontal gyrus, which are involved in emotion processing. Our findings suggest that facial attractiveness can be enhanced by contextual comparison with other faces, subject to personality of the observer.
Overexpression of BDNF in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray regulates the behavior of epilepsy–migraine comorbid rats
Authors: Wang Long , Fu Lu‐Lan , Deng Zi‐Ru , Zhang Juan , Zu Mei‐Dan , Wu Jun‐Cang , Wang Yu
Published: May 2022

Objective

To investigate the effects of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) overexpression in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) on behavioral changes in epilepsy–migraine comorbid rats.

Method

We used an adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated vector to supplement BDNF in the vlPAG area prior to the establishment of a pilocarpine‐nitroglycerin (Pilo‐NTG) combination‐induced comorbid model of epilepsy and migraine. Seizure‐ and migraine‐related behaviors were analyzed. Cell loss and apoptosis in vlPAG were detected through hematoxylin‐eosin (HE) and TUNEL staining. Immunofluorescence staining analyses were employed to detect expressions of BDNF and its receptor, tyrosine kinase B (TrkB), in vlPAG. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to detect expressions of c‐Fos and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) and trigeminal ganglion (TG).

Results

Comparing to control group, AAV–BDNF injected comorbid group showed lower pain sensitivity, scratching head, and spontaneous seizures accompanied by the downregulation of c‐Fos labeling neurons and CGRP immunoreactivity in the TNC and TG. However, these changes were still significantly higher in the comorbid group than those in both epilepsy and migraine groups under the same intervention.

Conclusion

These data demonstrated that supplying BDNF to vlPAG may protect structural and functional abnormalities in vlPAG and provide an antiepileptic and analgesic therapy.
Habitual tea consumption and postoperative delirium after total hip/knee arthroplasty in elderly patients: The PNDABLE study
Authors: Lin Xu , Li Xiao‐xuan , Dong Rui , Wang Bin , Bi Yan‐lin
Published: May 2022

Purpose

To clarify the effects of habitual tea consumption on postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing total hip/knee arthroplasty.

Patients and Methods

A prospective cohort study was carried out at Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University between June 2020 and June 2021. A total of 332 patients aged 65–85 years undergoing total hip/knee arthroplasty under combined spinal and epidural anesthesia were enrolled from the Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder and Biomarker Lifestyle (PNDABLE) study in the final analysis, consisting of 168 patients with habitual tea consumption and 164 patients with infrequent tea consumption. The primary endpoint was the effects of habitual tea consumption on POD and the incidence of POD, which was assessed by the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) twice daily during the first 7 postoperative days, and POD severity was measured by the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS). The secondary endpoints were the concentrations of caffeine and tea polyphenols in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which were detected by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

POD occurred in 61 of 332 patients (18.37%), among whom 19 had habitual tea consumption (5.72%) and 42 had infrequent tea consumption (12.65%). Habitual tea consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 0.370, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.205–0.670, P = .001) was significantly associated with POD in the logistic analysis, and then after adjusting for age and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (OR = 0.353, 95% CI: 0.190–0.655, P = .001). Furthermore, caffeine in T0 plasma (OR = 0.834, 95% CI: 0.752–0.924, P = .001), T1 plasma (OR = 0.818, 95% CI: 0.738–0.908, P < .001), and CSF (OR = 0.899, 95% CI: 0.820–0.984, P = .022) and tea polyphenols in T0 plasma (OR = 0.541, 95% CI: 0.416–0.704, P < .001), T1 plasma (OR = 0.477, 95% CI: 0.359–0.633, P < .001), and CSF (OR = 0.526, 95% CI: 0.397–0.696, P < .001) were associated with POD after adjusting for age and ASA physical status.

Conclusion

Habitual tea consumption may be associated with a lower incidence of POD in elderly patients.
Watch for discrimination against Russian students, staff, faculty
Authors: Lyerly Eric
Published: May 2022

T he effects of the Russia–Ukraine war have been felt across the globe, including in American higher education. Colleges and universities scrambled to recall study‐abroad students from high‐risk areas of Eastern Europe. Similarly, some U.S. colleges and universities decided to end research partnerships and cut other financial ties with Russian universities and organizations. However, their main focus has been on providing support to Ukrainian students attending colleges and universities in the United States.
Develop process for possible FERPA violations
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: May 2022

Pursuing FERPA investigations is an unfortunate part of working with imperfect humans, according to Liesl Fowler, Registrar and Assistant Dean at Augustana College in Illinois. Fowler and fellow administrators at Augustana approach potential breaches of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act as teachable moments. Every new employee and student‐worker is trained on FERPA, and if a violation occurs, officials use re‐education and intervention.
Did court dismiss nursing student's Title IX claim?
Authors: Lyerly Eric
Published: May 2022

A Southwestern Oregon Community College nursing student told a classmate about her previous career as an adult film actress. Shortly thereafter, her professor allegedly began to treat her unfairly. For example, she became ill later in the semester and asked to take an exam early. However, the professor made her complete an alternative assignment instead — despite permitting other students to take tests early to avoid penalties.
Exploring moderators of the relationship between adolescents' social responsibility and civic actions
Authors: Le Trang U. , Johnson Sara K. , Lerner Jacqueline V.
Published: May 2022

Scholars have regarded social responsibility as a motivator of civic actions. Social responsibility, however, does not consistently lead to civic actions. Informed by sociopolitical development theory and social cognitive theory, the present study examined critical reflection about societal inequalities and intentional self‐regulation as potential moderators of the relationships between adolescents' social responsibility and political activities, social activism and community service. Survey data were collected from 737 adolescents in the Northeastern United States (Mage = 14.52, 58.2% girls, 57.5% White/European American). Path analysis indicated that social responsibility was associated with all three types of civic actions, and critical reflection moderated the relationship between social responsibility and political activities. We discussed limitations, implications and directions for future research. See Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the novel‐generation Navitor device: Procedural and early outcomes
Authors: Corcione Nicola , Berni Andrea , Ferraro Paolo , Morello Alberto , Cimmino Michele , Albanese Michele , Nestola Luisa , Bardi Luca , Pepe Martino , Giordano Salvatore , Biondi‐Zoccai Giuseppe , Rigattieri Stefano , Giovannelli Francesca , Giordano Arturo
Published: May 2022

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has proved beneficial in patients with severe aortic stenosis, especially when second‐generation devices are used. We aimed at reporting our experience with Navitor, a third‐generation device characterized by intrannular, large cell, and cuffed design, as well as high deliverability and minimization of paravalvular leak. Between June and December 2021, a total of 39 patients underwent TAVI with Navitor, representing 20% of all TAVI cases. Mean age was 80.0 ± 6.7 years, and 14 (36.8%) women were included. Severe aortic stenosis was the most common indication to TAVI (37 [97.4%] cases), whereas 2 (5.3%) individuals were at low surgical risk. Device and procedural success was obtained in all patients, with a total hospital stay of 6.6 ± 4.5 days. One (2.9%) patient required permanent pacemaker implantation, but no other hospital events occurred. At 1‐month follow‐up, a cardiac death was adjudicated in an 87‐year‐old man who had been at high surgical risk. Echocardiographic follow‐up showed no case of moderate or severe aortic regurgitation, with mild regurgitation in 18 (47%), and none or trace regurgitation in 20 (53%). The Navitor device, thanks to its unique features, is a very promising technology suitable to further expand indications and risk‐benefit profile of TAVI.
Right ventricular hematoma: A rare but potentially fatal complication of percutaneous coronary artery intervention
Authors: van Hattem Veerle A. E. , Otterspoor Luuk C. , Lipsic Erik , Vlaar Pieter‐Jan J. J.
Published: May 2022

Right ventricular hematoma secondary to coronary artery perforation during the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a rare complication. Nevertheless, with the growth of complex PCIs, including chronic total occlusion procedures, this complication may increase in frequency. We describe three cases of subepicardial right ventricular hematoma after complex right coronary artery PCI with different outcomes. Two cases were successfully managed with medication only. One case was managed with medication and pericardial drainage, unfortunately with a fatal outcome. All cases emphasize the need for awareness concerning this complication, which warrants prompt diagnosis and adequate therapy.
Harlequin syndrome: An asymmetric face
Authors: Korbi Mouna , Boumaiza Sirine , Achour Asma , Belhadjali Hichem , Zili Jameleddine
Published: May 2022

Harlequin syndrome corresponds to unilateral dysfunction of the sympathetic system, characterized by flush and unilateral hyperhidrosis associated with hypo or anhidrosis and paleness of the opposite side. It is, usually, idiopathic. Rarely, it may be associated with compressive organic processes, iatrogenic causes, and general diseases. It is a real therapeutic challenge.
Individual Dye Removal Efficiencies in a Ternary Dye Mixture by Electrocoagulation
Authors: Yücel Arzu Nur , Keskin Can Serkan , Özdemir Abdil
Published: May 2022

Electrocoagulation (EC) of a synthetic ternary dye mixture was investigated using sacrificial iron electrodes. Erionyl Red (ER), Isolan Bordeaux (IB), and Remazol Red (RR) textile dyes were used for preparing the ternary solution. Different operational parameters, including initial dye concentrations, salt amount, current density, EC time, and pH, were analyzed to optimize removal efficiency and energy consumption conditions. After EC treatment, the individual remaining dye concentrations were calculated by applying classical least squares (CLS). The fastest removed dye was RR and the obtained efficiency was the highest as compared to the other two dyes. The energy consumption was also investigated.
Renewable Diesel from Palm Oil Using Bio‐Syngas from Palm Empty Fruit Bunches as a Hydrogen Source
Authors: Orozco Laura M. , Cardeño Fernando , Echeverri David A. , Rios Luis A.
Published: May 2022

Biofuels have emerged as alternatives to fossil fuels for reducing CO2 emissions. Bio‐syngas obtained from palm empty fruit bunches was used in the hydrotreating of palm oil, yielding an oil conversion and a renewable diesel purity very similar to the values obtained when using pure H2, under similar reaction conditions. The presence of CO in bio‐syngas decreases the stability of the catalyst by coke deposition. However, this drawback can be circumvented by regenerating the catalyst or by converting CO into CO2 and H2 through the water‐gas shift (WGS) reaction. The use of bio‐syngas and its WGS product eliminates the need of an expensive H2 purification process, and the lower H2 purity in syngas is compensated by a moderate increase in the reaction time.
Further Exploration of the Benzimidazole Scaffold as TRPC5 Inhibitors: Identification of 1‐Alkyl‐2‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazoles as Potent and Selective Inhibitors
Authors: Sharma Swagat , L. Pablo Juan , Tolentino Kirsten T. , Gallegos Wacey , Hinman Jennifer , Beninato Madison , Asche MacKenzie , Greka Anna , Hopkins Corey R.
Published: May 2022

The transient receptor potential cation channel 5 (TRPC5) plays an important role in numerous cellular processes. Due to this, it has gained considerable attention over the past few years as a potential therapeutic target. Recently, TRPC5 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of podocyte survival, indicating a potential treatment option for chronic kidney disease. In addition, a recent study has shown TRPC5 to be expressed in human sensory neurons and suggests that TRPC5 inhibition could be an effective treatment for spontaneous and tactile pain. To understand these processes more fully, potent and selective tool compounds are needed. Herein we report further exploration of the 2‐aminobenzimidazole scaffold as a potent TRPC5 inhibitor, culminating in the discovery of 16 f as a potent and selective TRPC5 inhibitor.
The early‐life stress induced by oxytocin inhibition in p53 knockout mouse dams increases adulthood tumorigenesis in first and second generations
Authors: Stendardo Massimo , Renzi Chiara , Pallavi Rani , Roda Niccolò , Gambino Valentina , Casciaro Francesca , Persico Giuseppe , Giorgio Marco
Published: May 2022

Background

Early‐life stress due to poor parental care has been suggested to increase cancer risk, though, so far, no experimental evidence established a link between defective parental behavior and spontaneous tumorigenesis in progeny. Essential maternal behavior is regulated, in particular, by the oxytocin (OT) hormonal circuit, which in turn responds to stimuli from the offspring and impinges on the central nervous systems.

Methods

By providing L‐368,899 OT receptor (OTR) inhibitor to lactating mothers, we set up a model of defective maternal care in p53 knockout mice.

Results

The progeny of these dams showed, later in life, higher cortisol levels, shortened life span and increased tumorigenic potential of bone marrow cells (BMC). Notably, these phenotypes were transmitted to the following generation.

Conclusions

Therefore, the inhibition of OT function in mothers is a novel paradigm of early‐life stress that is inherited across generations and increases cancer risk in tumor‐prone mice.
Transporters and Toxicity: Insights From the International Transporter Consortium Workshop 4
Authors: Hafey Michael J. , Aleksunes Lauren M. , Bridges Christy C. , Brouwer Kenneth R. , Chien Huan‐Chieh , Leslie Elaine M. , Hu Shuiying , Li Yang , Shen Jinshan , Sparreboom Alex , Sprowl Jason , Tweedie Donald , Lai Yurong
Published: May 2022

Over the last decade, significant progress been made in elucidating the role of membrane transporters in altering drug disposition, with important toxicological consequences due to changes in localized concentrations of compounds. The topic of “Transporters and Toxicity” was recently highlighted as a scientific session at the International Transporter Consortium (ITC) Workshop 4 in 2021. The current white paper is not intended to be an extensive review on the topic of transporters and toxicity but an opportunity to highlight aspects of the role of transporters in various toxicities with clinically relevant implications as covered during the session. This includes a review of the role of solute carrier transporters in anticancer drug‐induced organ injury, transporters as key players in organ barrier function, and the role of transporters in metal/metalloid toxicity.
The impact of corporate social responsibility directed toward employees on contextual performance in the banking sector: A serial model of perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment
Authors: Bhatti Sabeen Hussain , Iqbal Kamran , Santoro Gabriele , Rizzato Fabio
Published: May 2022

Using the lenses of stakeholder and social exchange theory, we propose that both perceived organizational support (POS) and affective organizational commitment (AOC) play sequential mediating roles in the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) directed toward employees and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) of employees. The theoretical model was tested using a time lagged data. Further, the information pertaining to the organizational citizenship behaviors of the employees was collected by their immediate supervisors. The mediation hypotheses were tested using process method. Results confirmed a positive and significant relationship between perceived CSR directed toward employees and OCBs, as well as the sequential mediation effect of both POS and AOC between CSR directed toward employees and OCBs. Although the majority of the literature has studied the impact of CSR at the macro level, recently researchers have shifted their focus on the behavioral impact of such activities at the individual level. We particularly focus on CSR directed toward employees and our findings confirm that such CSR activities prove be critical for improving the performance outcomes of the employees.