bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrolyte disorders in athletes
Authors: Rogulski Michał , Patarocha Yauheniya , Ślusarska Aleksandra , Mędyk Jolanta , Błasiak Paulina , Wirkijowska Małgorzata , Mikołajec Patryk , Huk Ruslan , Bilecka Barbara , Wirkijowski Jakub
Published: January 2025

The majority of reviews on sports nutrition issues focus on macronutrients - carbohydrates, proteins and fat, often disregarding substances such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Through the literature, it is clear that there are not enough reviews that focus entirely on the effects of electrolytes mentioned above, in particular on endurance sports. Dyselectrolytemia has been related to health and performance issues in athletes. Moreover, it was scientifically proven that one of the reasons for the development of muscle cramps (EAMC) and hyponatremia (EAH) is electrolyte imbalance.That is why, we create this systematic review in order to report extensively on the role of electrolyte consumption in endurance and ultra-endurance athletes, the connection between the quantity consumed and the development of pathological disorders, the effectiveness of concurrent hydration, and whether an imbalance of this substance contributes to EAH and EAMC.
The impact of physical activity on mental health
Authors: Myśliwiec Natalia , Ciesielska Aleksandra , Wojtczak Marta , Sieradzka Aleksandra , Kot Alicja , Różycki Adrian , Pniak Michał , Mawlichanów Maciej , Miklis Paweł , Szerej Krzysztof
Published: January 2025

This article critically evaluates the interconnectedness of physical activity and mental health, drawing on a diverse body of evidence from observational studies, controlled trials, and emerging neuroscientific research. We explore how engaging in regular exercise is associated with improved mood regulation, reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms, and better coping strategies under stress. By examining a range of exercise modalities, intensities, and durations across various age groups and demographic contexts, we shed light on the differential impacts of physical activity on mental well-being. Neuroscientific findings including those from neuroimaging and biomarker analyses offer insights into the biological mechanisms behind these improvements, revealing alterations in neural circuits and neurotransmitter systems that underpin emotional resilience and cognitive functioning. We further consider the psychological and social benefits that accompany regular physical activity, such as enhanced self-esteem, feelings of belonging, and the establishment of positive routines. Finally, we identify gaps in existing research, including the need for more tailored, evidence-based exercise prescriptions and an improved understanding of how to optimize interventions for individuals with specific mental health profiles. Overall, this review underscores the imperative of incorporating strategic physical activity programs into mental health prevention, treatment, and policy initiatives.
Patients with hard-to-heal wounds: a review and synthesis of their experiences and perceptions of maggot debridement
Authors: Eng Yu An , Thian Jie Yun , Ignacio Jeanette
Published: January 2025

Objective:

There is little use of maggot debridement therapy (MDT) worldwide, albeit there is much literature supporting its benefits and effectiveness for hard-to-heal (chronic) wounds. Hard-to-heal wounds are becoming ever more prevalent and MDT can play a pivotal role in wound care management. This underuse can be associated with patients' perceptions and experiences of MDT. The aim of this study was to synthesise available evidence exploring the perceptions and experiences of patients with hard-to-heal wounds regarding MDT.

Method:

This was a systematic review of qualitative evidence using thematic synthesis. Published papers and grey literature from inception until December 2021 were identified from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest Social Science Premium Collection, Academic Search Complete, Web of Science, WorldWideScience.org , MedNar and Scopus. The screening process, assessment of methodological quality, and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers. Papers included had qualitative designs, such as phenomenology and descriptive–exploratory. Mixed methods papers and case reports were included for their qualitative components. Eligible papers were appraised using checklists from the Joanna Briggs Institute for qualitative research and case reports. Data were extracted using a standardised form. Findings were synthesised using Thomas and Harden's thematic synthesis approach.

Results:

A total of six papers exploring patients' (n=67) perceptions and experiences regarding MDT were included. Some 52 findings were grouped into 11 categories, generating three synthesised findings: the complexity of living with a hard-to-heal wound and seeking help; the effects of interpersonal relationships; and the relationship between the individual and the larvae.

Conclusion:

Findings of the review showed that health professionals are key drivers in encouraging patients' acceptance of MDT and enhancing their treatment experiences. Together with a patient-centric approach, patients' concerns can be effectively addressed. Public and patient education can be beneficial to address misconceptions regarding the therapy.
Superabsorbent wound dressings for the management of highly exuding wounds: a literature review
Authors: Geri Chloé , Zimmer Robert , Vestergaard Martin , Pegalajar-Jurado Adoracion , Hansen Julie
Published: January 2025

Exudate management is essential for creating a moist wound environment that promotes optimal healing, especially in highly exuding wounds, where choosing an appropriate wound dressing to handle high volumes of exudate is a key part of the wound management strategy. Superabsorbent wound dressings (SWDs) have been designed to absorb and retain large amounts of exudate. Thus, they are advocated for management of wounds with moderate-to-high levels of exudate to reduce the risk of leakage and damage to the periwound skin. The SWD category contains numerous brands with different structural and compositional designs. Those differences affect absorption capacity of the products, but also affect structural integrity, risk of leakage, adherence to the wound bed upon dressing removal etc. Herein, we aim to provide a brief overview of the clinical evidence and technical performance characteristics of the SWD category, and identify technical improvement areas. Clinical evidence within the SWD category was primarily limited to product evaluations, case series and case studies. With limited comparative clinical evidence available within this product category, we provide an overview of in vitro comparisons of technical performance characteristics related to absorption capacity, fluid retention, structural integrity, waterproofness, and ability to sequester host-derived enzymes and microorganisms. Substantial differences in in vitro performance characteristics in this product category were identified, which may have implications for their clinical performance. With the currently available in vitro evidence, there is no SWD showing superior performance across all functionalities, indicating a continued need for product development within this product category.
Mandibular left first premolar with three roots and three canals: A case report
Authors: Lin Cheng-Yi , Yu Yue-Yuan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The numbers of mandibular first premolar roots and root canals vary, and the incidence of three roots and three canals is 0.09%.

CASE SUMMARY

In this article, we review the root and root canal conditions for the mandibular first premolar and report the case of a mandibular left first premolar with three roots and three canals in a male patient, with suggestions for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The patient was referred by an orthodontist for the extraction of the tooth. Preoperative cone-beam computed tomography examination revealed that it had three roots. Under local anesthesia, the extraction socket was carefully expanded, and the tooth was successfully removed intact using forceps. The procedure was uneventful, with no root fractures, postoperative bleeding, or sensory abnormality observed.

CONCLUSION

The mandibular first premolar is characterized by multiple roots and canal variations that can increase the difficulty of treatment.
Bivalirudin for anticoagulation in elderly acute coronary syndrome: Effects on myocardial microcirculation and adverse events
Authors: Cheng Chun-Yao , Hao Wen-Rui , Cheng Tzu-Hurng
Published: January 2025

The management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in older patients remains challenging because standard anticoagulants often fail to yield optimal outcomes. Bivalirudin, a direct inhibitor of thrombin, serves as an alternative to traditional therapies. This drug is particularly effective in enhancing myocardial microcirculation and reducing adverse events after clinical interventions. The present article explores the findings of a recent study that highlighted the clinical benefits of bivalirudin by investigating its effects on myocardial microcirculation and adverse cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention in older patients with ACS. Compared with unfractionated heparin, bivalirudin markedly reduced the emergency response time and improved cardiac function indicators. It further mitigated the risks of cardiovascular events and recurrent myocardial infarctions. These findings suggest that bivalirudin can enhance myocardial perfusion and reduce bleeding complications, thus serving as a safe, effective anticoagulation agent for older patients with ACS. Nonetheless, further large-scale, high-quality trials are needed to establish optimal usage guidelines and assess long-term outcomes. Integrating bivalirudin into ACS treatment protocols for older patients may help optimize patient care, balancing efficacy and safety. Continual research and consensus building are necessary for the widespread clinical application of bivalirudin and the improvement of ACS outcomes in older patients.
The correlation between trainee gender and operative autonomy during trauma and orthopaedic training in Ireland and the UK
Authors: Mc Colgan Rosie , Boland Fiona , Sheridan Gerard A. , Colgan Grainne , Bose Deepa , Eastwood Deborah M. , Dalton David M.
Published: January 2025

Aims

The aim of this study was to explore differences in operative autonomy by trainee gender during orthopaedic training in Ireland and the UK, and to explore differences in operative autonomy by trainee gender with regard to training year, case complexity, index procedures, and speciality area.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study examined all operations recorded by orthopaedic trainees in Ireland and the UK between July 2012 and July 2022. The primary outcome was operative autonomy, which was defined as the trainee performing the case without the supervising trainer scrubbed.

Results

A total of 3,533,223 operations were included for analysis. Overall, male trainees performed 5% more operations with autonomy than female trainees (30.5% vs 25.5%; 95% CI 4.85 to 5.09). Female trainees assisted for 3% more operations (35% vs 32%; 95% CI 2.91 to 3.17) and performed 2% more operations with a supervising trainer scrubbed (39% vs 37%; 95% CI 1.79 to 2.06). Male trainees performed more operations with autonomy than female trainees in every year of training, in each category of case complexity, for each orthopaedic speciality area, and for every index procedure except nerve decompression. When adjusting for year, training level, case complexity, speciality area, and urgency, male trainees had 145% (95% CI 2.18 to 2.76) increased odds of performing an operation with autonomy and 35% (95% CI 1.25 to 1.45) increased odds of performing an operation under trainer supervision, than assisting, compared to female trainees.

Conclusion

Male trainees perform more operations with autonomy during orthopaedic training than female trainees. Female orthopaedic trainees assist for a greater proportion of cases than their male counterparts. A comprehensive review of trauma and orthopaedic training is needed to identify any additional differences in training opportunities between female and male trainees, particularly with regard to progression through training.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2025;6(1):62–73.
Fast Broadband Scattering Computation for Finite Periodic Arrays using the Characteristic Basis Function Method and the Best Uniform Rational Approximation
Authors: Li Fang , Zhang Hai Rong , Chen Lin , Wang Xing
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a hybrid method combining the characteristic basis function method (CBFM) and the best uniform rational approximation (BURA) technique for fast wideband radar cross-section (RCS) prediction of finite periodic arrays is proposed. The traditional CBFM requires reconstructing the reduced matrix at each frequency point, which is very time-consuming when calculating the wideband RCS of the target. By introducing the BURA technique, the hybrid method is proposed to efficiently calculate the wideband RCS. The target is first divided into several easily solvable subdomains. Then, the surface integral equation is solved by the characteristic function method to obtain the equivalent surface current at the Chebyshev node. Afterwards, the surface current in a desired frequency band is represented by the Chebyshev series. To improve accuracy, the Chebyshev series is matched with the Maehly approximation. After obtaining the current coefficients in the whole bandwidth, the current density at any frequency point in the bandwidth can be calculated. Finally, the broadband electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the finite periodic arrays can be obtained.
Architecture and Validation of Wideband Simultaneous Transmit and Receive Phased Array System
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wu Hongchao , Yu Lianqing
Published: January 2025

Because signals of different frequencies exhibit different characteristics after channel coupling, the traditional phased array system only uses phase shifter or antenna beam control to process frames plus amplitude adjustment control, which has the problem of optimizing the parameters of different frequencies to offset the mismatch. Based on the principle of broadband adaptive beamforming, each channel is configured as an adaptive filter with multiple taps to satisfy the precise relationship between interference suppression and frequency. On this basis, combined with the simultaneous application of a multi-element array system, a multi-tap weight optimization method for interference suppression is proposed. At the same time, in order to satisfy the application requirements of the existing phased array system architecture with only one set of controllable and adjustable weights, an adaptive beamforming weight optimization method for phased array system for wideband signals is analyzed and proposed on the basis of simulation analysis and research on the electromagnetic characteristics of the coupled self-interference channel. Through electromagnetic simulation evaluation and principle test verification, a set of weights corresponding to the center frequency of the wideband signal can be used to achieve interference suppression greater than 114 dB in the active transmission domain.
Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) on Growth Differentiation Factor 9 as candidate gene for reproduction in Indonesian local cattle
Authors: IRMA IRMA , RASAD SITI DARODJAH , HILMIA NENA , SUMANTRI CECE
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Irma, Rasad SD, Hilmia N, Sumantri C. 2024. Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) on Growth Differentiation Factor 9 as candidate gene for reproduction in Indonesian local cattle. Biodiversitas 25: 4011-4019. Reproduction is a biological process that plays an essential role in livestock production. In mammals, the tendency to spontaneously conceive and maintain an embryo is a complex biological process affected by environmental and genetic factors, such as Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9). Therefore, this study aims to analyze the diversity of the GDF9 gene in the three breeds of cattle (Bos taurus), namely Peranakan Ongole (PO), Belgian Blue (BB), and its crossbreed (BB×PO) by molecular sequencing. A total of 20 blood samples were taken from cattle in the Livestock Embryo Centre, Bogor, Indonesia. DNA was extracted with genomic kit protocol followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were then analyzed using Sanger sequencing. Sequence analysis was performed using Bio-Edit, Finch TV, and Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analysis (MEGA) software. Variables analyses were allele and genotype frequency. The results showed that there were five non-synonymous mutations, namely c.589T>G (rs525937888), c.659T>G, c.974C>G, c.1105T>A, and c.1358G>A. These missense mutations altered the amino acid of GDF9 protein at position p.197Phe>Val, p.220Leu>Arg, p.325Ser>Cis, p.369Trp>Arg, and p.453Arg>His, respectively. The results also showed that the mutation prevalence wasigher in Peranakan Ongole compared to Belgian Blue and its crossbreed.
Inoculum prevalence, virulence, and morphometric variation of Phytophthora palmivora recovered from soil across cocoa plantations in East Luwu, Indonesia
Authors: BRUGMAN EIRENE , HARDINA NUR , KUSWINANTI TUTIK
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Brugman E, Hardina N, Kuswinanti T. 2024. Inoculum prevalence, virulence, and morphometric variation of Phytophthora palmivora recovered from soil across cocoa plantations in East Luwu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 4095-4104. In most cocoa plantations across Indonesia, the soilborne pathogen Phytophthora palmivora is a major concern for causing pod rot disease. This study aims to evaluate the inoculum prevalence, virulence, and morphological variation of P. palmivora in cocoa plantations across East Luwu. The pathogen was recovered from soil samples using the apple soil baiting method, and pure cultures were obtained on modified V8 juice agar media. Morphological observations included colony patterns and asexual features. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to identify patterns in 12 measured morphometric variables. The virulence level was determined based on disease severity (%), latent period (days), and infection rate (day-unit?¹). Isolation via soil baiting confirmed the prevalence of P. palmivora in all soil samples (100%), confirming soil as a consistent source of inoculum in the cocoa plantation. Fifteen isolates exhibited varying sporangial shapes (ovoid, pyriform, and globose) and types (papillate, semi-papillate, and non-papillate), as well as globose intercalary and terminal chlamydospores with irregular collaroid, torulose, and loop hyphal swellings. The PCA plot grouped isolates into three clusters based on 12 morphometric variables, where all isolates from Mangkutana were included in the same cluster. The virulence test revealed that one isolate (KLN2) was avirulent, while the remaining isolates were pathogenic with low to medium virulence.
Suitability of floating net cage system of lobster cultivation site (Panulirus spp.) through Geographic Information System approach in Samaturu Sub-district, Kolaka District, Indonesia
Authors: SYAHRIR SYAHRIR , PRASETYA ARIF , HASIDU LA ODE ABDUL FAJAR , SALEH RAMLAH , RIANA ANDI DYNA , UMAR NUR ASIA , YUSUF MUHAMMAD
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Syahrir, Prasetya A, Hasidu LOAF, Saleh R, Riana AD, Umar NA, Yusuf M. 2024. Suitability of floating net cage system of lobster cultivation site (Panulirus spp.) through Geographic Information System approach in Samaturu Sub-district, Kolaka District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 4105-4116. The natural habitat of lobsters is in coral reefs of coastal waters from shallow to 100 meters below sea level. In Indonesia, coral reef areas that become the habitat of lobsters are around 67,000 km², including those in the waters of Samaturu Sub-district, Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi. The present study uses a floating net cage system to identify and map suitable lobster (Panulirus spp.) cultivation areas. The study was conducted from June to July 2023 in the coastal waters of Samaturu Sub-district, Kolaka District. Data were collected in 14 spots of coastal waters by using various oceanographic parameters (protection, depth, current, brightness, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and salinity). The measurement results of the parameters were analyzed using the spatial analysis method, ArcGIS 10 program. The analysis involved interpolation and spatial classification, which overlaid all oceanographic parameters to obtain the scores through a suitability matrix. Thus, it can show the spatial maps for lobster cultivation areas suitability. The study concluded that the environmental parameter values are: (i) The temperature of the sea surface was 28-30°C; (ii) The salinity level was 31-35 ppt; (iii) The brightness was 5-14 meters; (iv) The dissolved oxygen level was 5-7 mg/L; (v) The current speed was around 0.31-0.41 m/s; (vi) The water depth was 4-26 meters. It means that the measurement results are suitable for lobster cultivation in Samaturu waters; the total area of water suitable for lobster cultivation area with a floating net cage system (KJA) is obtained 6,179 (74.22%), including the highly suitable area is 2,290 ha (27.51%), categorized areas that suitable is 2,363 ha (28.38%), and categorized areas that moderately suitable is 1,526 ha (18.33%). Moreover, there are conditionally suitable areas of 1,648 ha (19.80%) and an unsuitable area of 498 ha (5,98%). Thus, the prospect of developing lobster cultivation in Samaturu waters is potential.
Salt resistance of species of the Chenopodiaceae family (Amaranthaceae s.l.) in the desert part of the Syrdarya River Valley, Kazakhstan
Authors: OSMONALI BEKTEMIR B. , VESSELOVA POLINA V. , KUDABAYEVA GULMIRA M. , DUISENBAYEV SALAVAT , TAUKEBAYEV OMIRZHAN , ZULPYKHAROV KANAT , USSEN SERIKBAY , ABDIILDANOV DAULET SH.
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Osmonali BB, Vesselova PV, Kudabayeva GM, Duisenbayev S, Taukebayev O, Zulpykharov K, Ussen S, Abdildanov DSH. 2024. Salt resistance of species of the Chenopodiaceae family (Amaranthaceae s.l.) in the desert part of the Syrdarya River Valley, Kazakhstan. Biodiversitas 25: 4162-4170. Salt tolerance is a complex ecological strategy: halophytes have adaptive physiological and anatomical modifications to ‘combat’ the damaging effects of osmotic and metabolic stress that cause impaired growth and reproduction. Halophytes are represented in many angiosperm families that are distributed worldwide. Halophytes represent a heterogeneous group of plants that combine representatives of different taxa, life forms, ecological types, and floras. The family Chenopodiaceae belongs to the largest and oldest families in arid territories of the globe. It occupies the leading position in the spectrum of families of the desert floras of Kazakhstan. The choice of the study region—the desert part of the Syrdarya River Valley within Kyzylorda oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan—is conditioned by a wide distribution of saline territories within its limits, to which the overwhelming majority of species of the studied family are confined. The objects of the study are phytocenoses (communities) located in saline and non-saline areas with the participation or dominance of Chenopodiaceae (Amaranthaceae s.l.) species in the desert part of the Syrdarya River Valley. Distribution of studied taxa on preference to one or another degree of salinity at genus level showed certain peculiarities. In particular, it was revealed that species of genera Atriplex, Caroxylon, and Bassia grow, as a rule, on soils from non-saline to slightly saline. In turn, species of the Suaeda genus prefer to settle on soils of medium and high saline. Finally, the species categorized as hyperhalophytes (preferring a high degree of salinity) belong exclusively to one subfamily, Salicornioideae. This indicates a certain direction of evolution of the adaptive characteristics of representatives of this family.
Odnos između samoefi kasnosti dojenja i teškoća pri dojenju tijekom boravka u rodilištu
Authors: Bošnjak Anita Pavičić , Stanojević Milan , Glavaš Edgar
Published: January 2025

Cilj je ispitati učestalost teškoća pri dojenju i učestalost isključivog dojenja u rodilištu s obzirom na stupanj samoefi kasnosti dojenjamajki. U ovoj kohortnoj studiji su sudjelovale 772 majke koje su rodile u Kliničkoj bolnici “Sveti Duh” u Zagrebu u razdoblju od listopada 2010. do siječnja 2011. godine. Majke su u rodilištu ispunile upitnik koji je sadržavao pitanja o demografskim podatcima iteškoćama pri dojenju tijekom prvih 48 sati nakon porođaja te Skalu za mjerenje samoefi kasnosti dojenja (BSES-SF). Podatci o načinu prehrane novorođenčeta prikupljeni su iz medicinske dokumentacije. U statističkoj obradi podataka primijenjeni su χ2 test,Mann-Whitneyev test i Spearmanov koefi cijent korelacije. Teškoće pri dojenju izvijestilo je 450 (58,3%) majki. Nađena je značajnanegativna korelacija između broja teškoća i broja bodova ostvarenih na BSES-SF skali (rs= -0,33, p<0,001). Majke s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja češće su imale teškoće pri njemu (64,4% vs. 36,5%, p<0,001) i češće su djelomično dojile u usporedbi s majkamačija je samoefi kasnost visoka (69,5% vs. 30,5%, p<0,001). Zastupljenost pojedinih teškoća pri dojenju (teškoće s tehnikom dojenja,bolne i oštećene bradavice, zastoj mlijeka, percepcija nedovoljne količine mlijeka) bila je značajno češća u majki s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja. Rezultati pokazuju da majke s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja imaju povećan rizik za pojavu teškoća primjemu i odustajanje od isključivog dojenja tijekom boravka u rodilištu. Ova studija dodatno potvrđuje da je samoefi kasnost dojenjaznačajan čimbenik ranog ishoda dojenja.
Disanje na usta kao uzrok orofacijalnih anomalija
Authors: Jokić Nataša Ivančić , Bakarčić Danko , Nastić Vendi , Majstorović Martina , Vranić Dubravka Negovetić
Published: January 2025

Čovjek diše na usta kad ne može disati na nos. Najčešći razlog tome je opstrukcija nosa ili gornjih dišnih putova, koja može biti uzrokovana upalom sluznice nosa, kroničnom infekcijom, alergijom ili mehaničkom opstrukcijom. Utjecaj nazorespiratorne opstrukcijena ortodontski status i facijalni rast kontroverzna je tema o kojoj se raspravlja dugi niz godina. Budući da su ova stanja u dječjoj dobičesta, tj. za vrijeme intenzivnog rasta i razvoja, promjene koje nastaju izmjenom obrasca disanja (od normalnog disanja na nosprema disanju na usta) utječu i na razvoj orofacijalne regije. To su dokazala mnoga istraživanja u kojima su uočene promjene upojavnosti malokluzija Angle klase II., zagriza u frontalnom i lateralnom dijelu zubnog niza te nesrazmjera u rastu gornje i donječeljusti. Analizom pregledane literature može se uočiti da se opstrukcija disanja na nos adenoidom ili tonzilama javlja kod velikogbroja ispitanika. Velikoj većini orofacijalnih anomalija razlog je nemogućnost disanja na nos zbog opstrukcije adenoidom. Uslučajevima otklanjanja smetnji koje su uzrokovane hipertrofi jom tonzila i adenoida (tonzilektomijom i/ili adenotomijom), uočenoje smanjenje intenziteta prisutne anomalije te ponovno uspostavljanje disanja na nos. Suradnjom pedijatara, otorinolaringologa,alergologa i liječnika dentalne medicine - dječjeg stomatologa i ortodonta, pravodobnim uočavanjem i uklanjanjem povećanihnepčanih tonzila i adenoida te ranom ortodontskom terapijom moguće je obrazac nepravilnog rasta vratiti na normalu temeljemponovnog uspostavljanja disanja na nos.
Slikovne dijagnostičke metode u dijagnostici vezikoureteralnog refl uksa: od početaka do danas
Authors: Roić Goran , Roić Andrea Cvitković , Grmoja Tonći , Grmoja Tonći , Marijanović Josip , Miletić Damir , Palčić Iva
Published: January 2025

Vezikoureteralni refl uks (VUR) često se dijagnosticira u djece i može biti povezan s refl uksnom nefropatijom (RN). Neki bolesnici sRN-om razviju kroničnu bolest bubrega, hipertenziju, a u malog broja bolsnika bolest progredira do kronične renalne insufi cijencije.Identifi kacija bolesnika s ovim kliničkim karakteristikama cilj je kliničke, biokemijske kao i radiološke procjene djece s prenatalnodijagnosticiranom hidronefrozom ili febrilnom infekcijom mokraćnog sustava. Cilj slikovnih dijagnostičkih postupaka je postavljanje dijagnoze s visokim stupnjem osjetljivosti i specifi čnosti, kako bi se započelo ispravno liječenje i odredila prognoza. Dijagnostikavezikoureteralnog refl uksa (VUR) relativno je jednostavan i dobro utvrđeni postupak. Sve je viša svijest o potencijalnim štetnimučincima izloženosti radijaciji kod nekih dijagnostičkih postupaka kao i invazivnosti dijagnostike VUR-a, što može biti neugodnoiskustvo za djecu i roditelje. Slijedom navedenog, imperativ za dječjeg radiologa, zajedno s pedijatrijskim urologom i nefrologom,reevaluacija je indikacija i ciljeva u dijagnostici VUR-a, redefi niranje dijagnostičkih slikovnih metoda koje se primjenjuju za postavljanje dijagnoze i praćenje. U članku se analiziraju današnje slikovne metode koje se primjenjuju u dijagnostici VUR-a, njihove karakteristike, prednosti i nedostatci
Luksacija ramena s ozljedom aksilarne arterije u četrnaestogodišnjeg dječaka: prikaz bolesnika
Authors: Antabak Anko , Papeš Dino , Sijekavica Ivo , Luetić Tomislav , Andabak Matej , Bešlić Ivan
Published: January 2025

Traumatske luksacije ramena u odraslih imaju visoku pojavnost, no u djece prije završetka puberteta nastanu tek sporadično.Ozljede aksilarne arterije u djece s luksacijom ramena izuzetno su rijetke. U radu je prikazan slučaj četrnaestogodišnjeg dječaka sprednjom luksacijom ramena i znakovima vaskularne insufi cijencije ozlijeđene ruke. Odmah nakon inicijalne obrade u općoj anesteziji obavljena je repozicija luksiranog ramena. Izostanak pulzacija radijalne arterije bio je očit prije, za i nakon repozicije. Udaljnjem tijeku učinjeni su dopler ultrazvučni pregled arterija i višeslojna računalna tomografska angiografi ja ozlijeđene ruke. Učlanku je opisan tijek dijagnostičke obrade i liječenja, s naglaskom na kirurško zbrinjavanje ozljede aksilarne arterije. Na kontrolnompregledu godinu dana nakon ozljede dječak ima simetričan, uredan neurovaskularni status obje ruke.
Endoskopsko liječenje subluksacije peronealnih tetiva u trinaestogodišnjeg dječaka
Authors: Bojanić Ivan , Dimnjaković Damjan , Smoljanović Tomislav , Lovrić Dražen
Published: January 2025

Subluksacija peronealnih tetiva unutar omotača novi je klinički entitet koji danas možemo uspješno liječiti tendoskopijom peronealnih tetiva. Bolesnici se, bez ikakvih podataka o ranijoj ozljedi gležnja, žale na vidljiv i palpabilan preskok peronealnih tetivakoji moguizazvati jedino sami, i to aktivnom, maksimalnom kretnjom dorzifl eksije i everzije stopala i gležnja, dok se nikakvom pasivnomkretnjom gležnja on ne može izazvati. Opisana su dva tipa subluksacije: u tipu A tetiva peroneusa longusa subluksira se ispred tetiveperoneusa brevisa, dok se u tipu B tetiva peroneusa longusa subluksira kroz uzdužni rascjep na tetivi peroneusa brevisa, akarakteristično je da oba tipa subluksacije nastaju bez ozljede gornjeg peronealnog retinakula. Od slikovnih metoda od pomoći udijagnostici je dinamički UZV, dok MR i CT pomažu u eventualnom uočavanju uzroka nastanka subluksacije peronealnih tetiva teplaniranju kirurškog liječenja, jer se neoperacijsko liječenje pokazalo nedostatnim. Prikazujemo slučaj trinaestogodišnjeg dječaka ukojeg smo dijagnosticirali tip A subluksacije peronealnih tetiva i kojeg smo uspješno izliječili tendoskopijom peronealnih tetiva. Prednosti ovog minimalno invazivnog kirurškog zahvata su bolji estetski rezultat, manja poslijeoperacijska bolnost, brža poslijeoperacijska rehabilitacija i zadovoljniji bolesnici. Valja istaknuti još jednu prednost, a to je mogućnost konverzije u otvoreni kirurškizahvat u slučaju potrebe.
Sindrom Galloway-Mowat – prikaz bolesnika
Authors: Košuljandić Đurđica , Arapović Adela , Rogulj Marijana , Tomasović Maja , Čulić Vida , Meštrović Julije , Stričević Luka , Durdov Merica Glavina , Saraga Marijan
Published: January 2025

Prikazom ove bolesnice naglašavamo kako udruživanje nefrotskog sindroma, mikrocefalije i cerebelarne atrofi je u ranoj životnojdobi može biti rijetko opisivani Galloway-Mowatov sindrom (GMS). GMS obično prati kongenitalni ili rani dojenački nefrotskisindrom te progresivno gubljenje djetetovih neuroloških funkcija, katkad uz postojanje hijatus hernije. Bolesnici imaju lošu prognozui umiru u prvim godinama života. Iako se drži da se prenosi autosomno recesivno, odgovorni gen ili geni još je/su nepoznati. Iakopatohistološki nalaz također varira od minimalnih promjena do glomeruloskleroze, u podlozi bubrežne bolesti najčešće se nađe difuzna mezangijska skleroza. Mi opisujemo slučaj djevojčice s nefrotskim sindromom kao posljedicom difuzne mezangijske skleroze, mikrocefalijom, dismorfi jom lica, hipotrofi čnim cerebelumom i atrofi jom vermisa, progresivnim neurološkim propadanjem, kojana kraju umire zbog multiorganskog zatajenja.
A rare cause of headache in childhood: Behçet’s disease case presented by central sinus thrombosis
Authors: Gençpınar Pınar , Karaali Kamil , Haspolat Şenay , Duman Özgür
Published: January 2025

Behçet’s disease, which is characterized by recurrent oral-genital ulcers and multisystem involvements, is rare in childhood. Cerebral venous thrombosis is observed in approximately 0.2% of Behçet’s cases and is usually seen after fi ve years of diagnosis. We report on a 12-year-old male patient that presented with headache and bilateral papilledema due to multiple thromboses in the superior sagittal sinus, bilateral transverse sinus and sigmoid sinus, and was fi nally diagnosed with Behçet’s disease.
Tibial hemimelia with partially duplicated femur: a case report
Authors: Šimunić Sven , Šimić Jovičić Marijana , Ribičić Tomislav , Ribičić Rebeka
Published: January 2025

Tibial hemimelia is a rare congenital entity with a wide range of clinical manifestations affecting one or both lower extremities. The purpose of description of this case is to contribute to clinical insights into the variations associated with this rare entity. We present a case of a male newborn with tibial hemimelia who was referred to our clinic for further evaluation and treatment. According to our knowledge, this is the first description of tibial hemimelia with femoral duplication in medical literature. Multidisciplinary approach and thorough examination of patients with tibial hemimelia are required to understand full extent of deficiency and accompanying anomalies, and to ensure correct classification in order to provide the best treatment plan for each patient.
Appetitive traits in adolescents with vasovagal syncope
Authors: Kovalchuk Tetiana , Luchyshyn Nataliia , Luchyshyn Nadiia
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study was designed to explore the peculiarities of eating behavior in adolescents with vasovagal syncope and to identify a possible correlation between clinical data and some appetitive traits that could potentially be associated with the development of syncope.    Methods: In total, 69 adolescents with vasovagal syncope and 60 healthy participants underwent clinical examination, vitamin panel (pyridoxine, folate, cobalamin, vitamin D), homocysteine testing, and simultaneously completed the Ukrainian validated version of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire. The feasibility, reliability, and validity of the scales were assessed in this version. The associations of Questionnaire scales with syncope characteristics were analyzed.     Results: Our study has shown good psychometric properties of the Ukrainian version of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire for assessing eating behavior in adolescents with vasovagal syncope. Our study revealed lower scores on enjoyment of food and greater scores on satiety responsiveness trait in patients with vasovagal syncope. Lower food responsiveness was associated with a higher number of syncope events, and higher food fussiness predicted a longer duration of syncope history. Reduced food responsiveness and fussy eating in adolescents with vasovagal syncope have also been linked to lower levels of neurotropic vitamins and hyperhomocysteinemia.     Conclusions: Our analysis suggests that vitamin deficiency and autonomic dysfunction in adolescents with VVS could be linked to eating disturbances. One potential approach for prevention and treatment is to provide nutrition education for syncope patients. Clinicians should be aware of the impact of eating behavior, which could help in preventing future syncope attacks and disease progression.
Astma u djece - osvrt na kraju 2024. godinene
Authors: Topalušić Iva , Hofmann Jaeger Ozana , Pavić Ivan , Ivković Jureković Irena
Published: January 2025

Astma je najčešća kronična bolest dišnih puteva u dječjoj dobi. U podlozi astme dva su glavna endotipa; jaki T2 endotip (engl. T2 high) i slabi T2 endotip (engl. T2 low), a osnovu liječenja čine inhalacijski kortikosteroidi (IKS). Zbog slabe adherencije liječenju u bolesnika s blagim simptomima, smjernice Globalne inicijative za astmu (GINA) u prvom koraku liječenja preporučaju intermitentnu primjenu kombiniranog lijeka (IKS+formoterol ili IKS+kratkodjelujući β2 agonist). Po prvi puta u GINA smjernicama je opisan koncept remisije astme. Razlikujemo kliničku i potpunu (patofiziološku) remisiju, pod terapijom i bez terapije,. Piskanje u prsima u preškolskoj dobi povezano je sa slabijom plućnom funkcijom u odrasloj dobi. Novi dokument Europskog respiratornog društva iz 2024. godine predlaže novu definiciju piskanja u prsima u predškolskoj dobi, te ističe važnost biomarkera u fenotipizaciji ovog kliničkog entiteta. Periferna eozinofilija i alergijska senzibilizacija na inhalacijske alergene za sada se čine najboljim markerom odgovora ovih bolesnika na terapiju IKS. Biološki lijekovi u astmi omogućavaju personalizirani pristup liječenju, a trenutni je znanstveni interes posebno usmjeren prema ranoj prevenciji astme.
XXXVI. simpozij Hrvatskog društva za pedijatrijsku pulmologiju s međunarodnim sudjelovanjem
Authors: Topalušić Iva
Published: January 2025

U Velom Lošinju je u organizaciji Hrvatskog društva za pedijatrijsku pulmologiju i Lječilišta Veli Lošinj od 18.-20. listopada 2024. održan XXXVI. simpozij Hrvatskog društva za pedijatrijsku pulmologiju s međunarodnim sudjelovanjem, s temom “Imunološka terapija u pedijatrijskoj pulmologiji“. Cilj je simpozija bio predstaviti najnovije trendove u istraživanjima, mehanizmima te kliničkim smjernicama i iskustvima u primjeni raznih oblika imunološke terapije u liječenju pedijatrijskih pulmoloških bolesti. Glavne okosnice predavanja bile su primjena biološke terapije u dječjoj astmi i pridruženim atopijskim bolestima, primjena specifične imunoterapije alergenima, suvremeni stavovi i smjernice o primjeni kortikosteroida u svakodnevnoj kliničkoj praksi s naglaskom na sipnju u predškolskoj dobi, te nuspojave biološke i imunosupresivne terapije u pulmologiji. Na simpoziju su sudjelovali ugledni međunarodni stručnjaci; prof. Andrew Bush (Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK) s temom ˝New asthma biological. Who to treat, who not to˝, Prof. Alessandro Amaddeo (Institute for Maternal and Child Health Burlo Garofolo (IRCCS) - Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Trst, Italija) s temom ˝Systemic steroids in paediatric pulmonology, who, when and how˝ i prof. Vojko Berce (Klinika za pedijatriju, UKC Maribor, Medicinski fakultet u Mariboru, Slovenija) s temom ˝Usporedba efikasnosti sublingvalne i supkutane imunoterapije u liječenju astme kod djece ˝. Tijekom boravka u Lječilištu Veli Lošinj, sudionici simpozija upoznati su s mehanizmima djelovanja talasoterapije i klimatoterapije na dišni sustav kao i s poviješću razvoja Lječilišta, čija djelatnost seže i 130 godina u prošlost.
Kronični kašalj u djece
Authors: Pavić Ivan , Hofmann Jaeger Ozana , Žaja Sara , Prcela Petar
Published: January 2025

Kronični kašalj kod djece predstavlja složen dijagnostički izazov zbog širokog spektra mogućih uzroka. Iako su respiratorne infekcije, astma, alergijski rinitis i laringofaringealni refluks među najčešćim uzrocima, važnost rjeđih uzroka, poput cistične fibroze, primarne cilijarne diskinezije ili tuberkuloze, ne smije se zanemariti. Pravilan dijagnostički pristup uključuje sveobuhvatnu anamnezu, temeljiti fizički pregled i relevantne dijagnostičke pretrage kako bi se isključili ozbiljni uzroci. Rano prepoznavanje i liječenje uzroka kroničnog kašlja od ključne su važnosti za poboljšanje kvalitete života djece i njihovih obitelji. Kako bi se smanjila učestalost kroničnog kašlja i poboljšala zdravstvena stanja djece, važno je promicati preventivne mjere poput cijepljenja, smanjenja izloženosti iritansima (poput duhanskog dima), te poticanja zdravih životnih navika. Također, primjena novih istraživanja i saznanja o patofiziologiji kroničnog kašlja može pomoći u razvoju učinkovitijih terapija i strategija upravljanja.     Zaključno, kronični kašalj kod djece zahtijeva pažljiv i sveobuhvatan pristup koji obuhvaća dijagnostiku, liječenje i prevenciju. Kroz suradnju medicinskih stručnjaka i edukaciju obitelji, možemo osigurati bolju kontrolu nad simptomima i značajno poboljšanje kvalitete života djece koja se suočavaju s ovim izazovom.
A life in dignity for all? UK social security support, income adequacy and minimum living standards under austerity, 2008–2023
Authors: Padley Matt , Davis Abigail
Published: January 2025

Since 2008, the UK has seen substantial political, economic and social change. Following the global financial crash, there was a shift in the role of the state in providing a ‘social minimum’ – or a properly constituted safety net – for all. Austerity and cuts in public spending contributed to increasing conditionality within social security, and a programme of restrictive welfare reforms undermined support for those on low or no income, delivered in part through the UK welfare state. This article uses the lens of decent minimum living standards to examine the impact of austerity on social security support, income adequacy and minimum living standards in the UK from 2008 to 2023. Minimum Income Standard (MIS) research in the UK provides the basis for this analysis. MIS sets out what the public agree is needed for a minimum socially acceptable standard of living, that meets essential needs and enables social participation. MIS provides an annually updated benchmark, rooted in public consensus, against which the adequacy of benefits and wages can be assessed and tracked over time. The article provides an overview of MIS, before setting out how illustrative households have fared over this period. We chart the impact of austerity on the adequacy of social security and minimum wages, relative to MIS. We end by reflecting on the question of what sort of social security system the UK needs to ensure that all can live in dignity at all stages of life.
Arab minority social work students face challenges in Jewish practicum settings
Authors: Mahajne Ibrahim , Alnabilsy Raghda
Published: January 2025

This article investigates the challenges faced by Palestinian minority social work students in Jewish practicum settings and the coping strategies they employ for those challenges. Qualitative research derived data from in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 Palestinian students. Two main challenges were described: (1) insensitivity to the students’ linguistic uniqueness/difference that alienated them from Jewish professional and administrative staff (accusing them of having difficulties with Hebrew and limiting their use of Arabic), hostility to their national uniqueness, opacity concerning their religious difference, and contempt for their different culture; and (2) Palestinian students are burdened with tasks beyond their academic duties, as they are required to juggle many roles, such as caregiver, interpreter and ‘culture broker’, and are required to organise bilingual community events. The interviewees developed five coping strategies: soul-searching/introspection mixed with self-blame; conscious self-censorship; mobilising a coalition for outspoken criticism; demanding change from within the service; and applying a change process.
When and why do anti-gender movements fail?
Authors: Siročić Zorica
Published: January 2025

Few areas of gender politics have received as much scholarly attention in recent years as its antithesis, the so-called ‘anti-gender politics’. A common denominator of existing studies of anti-gender politics is its focus on the successful campaigns that threaten to challenge, prevent and/or reverse rights and mechanisms put in place to promote gender and sexual equality. In contrast, this article asks why and when anti-gender movements fail. To do this, the article uses a time-sensitive perspective to compare case studies of failed and successful campaigns, focusing on the political outcomes of referendums contesting same-sex marriage and related rights. As these cases are all located in (Central and South) Eastern Europe, the study not only fills the gap in the systematic evaluation of the outcomes of anti-gender movements but also partially challenges the notion that this region is a particularly fertile ground for anti-feminist and anti-LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer+) agendas, highlighting the possible factors of resilience.
Zhuangzi's Self-Concept in the Context of Cognition
Authors: Jung Woojin
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This study examines Zhuangzi's concept of self in the context of cognition, elucidating that it stems from two distinct interactions with the world. Specifically, Zhuangzi discerns between engagement with the world via language (imbued with socio-cultural biases) and engagement with the world as it exists (through resonance). He then advocates for the latter as the mode by which an ideal being interacts with the world. These two types of interactions correspond to Zhuangzi's linguistic self and the resonant self. Thus, in the pivotal expression "I lost myself" in Chapter 2 of the Zhuangzi , "myself" aligns with the linguistic self, while "I" aligns with the resonant self.
Introduction: Clarity and Surprise
Authors: Skoyles John
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
April is the cruelest month, except all the ones before it
Authors: Fienberg Ori
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.
Ode to Retinol
Authors: Light Taylor
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Winter 2024–25 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares “the Triton among minnows.” The Winter 2024–25 Issue, edited by John Skoyles, features poetry and prose by Joan Silber, Timothy Liu, Pádraig Ó Tuama, Emily Fragos, Charles Baxter, Rasaq Malik Gbolahan, Malena Mörling, and more.