bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drivers of Food Waste Reduction Intention Among Indonesian Young Generation
Authors:   Research Center for Behavioral and Circular Economics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia, Damanik Mario , Khaliqi Muhammad ,   Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, Nurlia Ari ,   Research Center for Society and Culture, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia, Rambe Khoiru Rizqy ,   Research Centre for Economics of Industry, Services, and Trade, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia, Malau Leo Rio Ependi ,   Research Center for Behavioral and Circular Economics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia, Novanda Ridha Rizki ,   Department of Socio-Economics of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu, Indonesia, Ulya Nur Arifatul ,   Research Center for Behavioral and Circular Economics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
Published: June 2024

Solid waste management presents a significant challenge in Indonesia, with food waste accounting for 40.8% of all solid waste generated. The young generation is the largest producer of food waste compared to adults. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) reports that consumer behavior is the main factor causing food waste in middle-income countries. Considering that the younger generation occupies 24.34% of Indonesia’s population, this study aimed to analyze the determinants of food waste reduction intention among the young generation in Indonesia. The Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with four new introductory variables was used as a theoretical framework to understand the intentions of the young generation in Indonesia regarding food waste reduction. Data was collected from the young generation spread across Indonesia through an online survey using questionnaires, which resulted in 340 respondents. Data were then analyzed using descriptive analysis and partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the conceptual model and hypotheses proposed. The results showed that perceived behavioral control (PBC), food consumption, level of religious knowledge, and level of knowledge significantly influence food waste reduction intention. Religious knowledge was the most influential predictor. This is in line with the nature of the Indonesian community, which is highly religious, and religion profoundly guides daily lives. Based on the results, this study recommended three practical implications for reducing food waste and is expected to contribute to ensuring food security and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Trend and Factors Associated With Unintended Pregnancy Among Currently Married Women in Nepal
Authors:   Department of Population Studies, Ratna Rajyalaxmi Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, Karki Rita Devi , Thapa Naba Raj ,   Department of Population Studies, Ratna Rajyalaxmi Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, Subedi Govind ,   Central Department of Population Studies, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, Karki Tek Mani ,   Department of English Education, Mahendra Ratna Campus, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
Published: June 2024

Unintended pregnancy, a critical concern in both human rights and public health, emphasizes women’s fundamental right to make decisions about their fertility, which is vital for their reproductive choices. The study aimed at examining the trends and factors related to unintended pregnancy, an area that has received less focus in previous research. This study analyzed 15 years of data (2001–2016) from four national surveys in Nepal, focusing on currently married women aged 15–49 who were currently pregnant or had the last birth experienced within five years before the survey. The sample included 4,694, 4,006, 4,104, and 3,966 females from the 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 surveys respectively. This study used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine unintended pregnancy. In 2001, 39.4% of women experienced an unintended pregnancy, but over 15 years, this rate decreased by almost half, reaching 19.9% in 2016. Age, number of household members, wealth index, age at first birth, children ever born, fertility preference, unmet need for family planning, and husband’s desire for children were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy in all the survey years. The results suggest a need for policies that ensure all pregnancies are intended, promoting reproductive rights and justice for women.
Community Care Strategies for Older Adults Facing Hardships: Insights from Central Thailand
Authors:   Srisavarindhira Thai Red Cross Institute of Nursing, Hinkaew Bualun , Nuntaboot Khanitta ,   Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Published: June 2024

The focus of the study is to analyze the community care approach for older adults facing hardships in the social and cultural context of the central region of Thailand. To obtain insightful information, a qualitative research study was performed using observation methods, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, secondary data, and field notes. A group of 85 key informants consisting of local administrative organizations (LAO), public sector officers from health service units, community leaders, civil groups, older adults facing hardships, and family caregivers participated in the study. There are nine approaches employed in the community care practices for older adults facing hardships as follows: 1) providing social welfare; 2) preparing and using information; 3) developing a service system; 4) developing potential in caring for older adults; 5) adjusting the environment to ensure its contribution to the living conditions; 6) rules, regulations, agreements, and policies; 7) creating job opportunities; 8) building food security; and 9) building and strengthening community networks. Understanding in-depth information regarding the nature of older adults, community strategies, and community involvement assists nurses in health management and increasing skills and knowledge on providing care for older adults.
Market Structures for Service Providers in Advanced Air Mobility
Authors: Qin Victor L. , Ding Geoffrey , Balakrishnan Hamsa
Published: June 2024

Proposed concepts of operations for advanced air mobility rely on private service providers being responsible for providing air traffic management services to uncrewed aircraft such as drones and autonomous air taxis. While such proposals are unprecedented in the aviation context, one can draw parallels to the Internet and the role played by Internet service providers in managing web traffic. A study of the evolution of the Internet illustrates that, without clear rules for cooperation around a nascent market, private profit motives incentivize against service provider cooperation, especially for traffic flows that traverse multiple regions managed by different service providers. To address this problem, we propose a profit-sharing mechanism based on the Shapley value that incentivizes service providers to cooperate. We show that this mechanism i) ensures that service providers route flights along globally optimal routes, and ii) encourages service providers to work together in providing more efficient routes. We study the allocation of sectors to service providers and show that different allocations can cause large differences in profit earned. Finally, we discuss some of the remaining challenges with having a federated network of private service providers supporting traffic management for advanced air mobility operations.
Safety and Workload Benefits of Automatic Speech Understanding for Radar Label Updates
Authors: Helmke Hartmut , Kleinert Matthias , Ohneiser Oliver , Ahrenhold Nils , Klamert Lucas , Motlicek Petr
Published: June 2024

Air traffic controllers (ATCos) quantified the benefits of automatic speech recognition and understanding (ASRU) on workload and flight safety. As a baseline procedure, ATCos manually enter all verbal clearances into the aircraft radar labels by mouse. In our proposed solution, ATCos are supported by ASRU, which is capable of delivering the required radar label updates automatically. ATCos need to visually review the ASRU-based label updates and only have to make corrections in case of misinterpretations. Overall, the amount of time required for manually inserting clearances, i.e., by selecting the correct input in the radar labels, was reduced from 12,700 s during 14 hours of simulation time down to 405 s when ATCos were supported by ASRU. Considering the additional time of mental workload for verifying ASRU output, there is still a saving of more than one-third of the time for radar label updates. This paper also considers safety aspects, i.e., how often incorrect inputs into aircraft radar labels occur with ASRU. The number of wrong or missing inputs is less than without ASRU support. This paper advances the use case that ASRU could potentially improve safety and efficiency for ATCo operations for arrivals.
Comparative analysis of pulmonary function in school-going adolescents: Examining the impact of depression and anxiety
Authors: Thapa Bhawana , Bhandari Samrat Singh , Kumar Sanjay , Laskar Nasrin Banu , Gupta Saumen
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

Given the rising concern over depression and anxiety among adolescents, this study aims to investigate their potential impact on respiratory health by comparing pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters between healthy adolescents and those with either depression or anxiety or those exhibiting symptoms of both depression and anxiety.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, a random sample of school-going adolescents aged 13–18 years from various schools in Sikkim, both males and females, were selected. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale-25, and pulmonary function was measured using a computerised spirometer-Spirolab III. The recorded variables included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% (FEF 25–75%).

Results:

Significant differences emerged in FVC (P = 0.034), PEFR (P = 0.013) and FEF 25–75% (P = 0.023) between healthy and depressed adolescents aged 13–18 years. Similarly, a significant difference was observed in PEFR (P = 0.022) and FEF 25–75% (P = 0.002) between healthy adolescents and those with symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These differences were more pronounced among students in higher grades. Furthermore, significant differences in PEFR (P = 0.015) and FEF 25–75% (P ≤ 0.001) were found while comparing healthy males and males with symptoms of both depression and anxiety. However, no such disparities were seen in girls. There was no significant difference in any of the parameters when compared between the healthy group and those with anxiety.

Conclusion:

Depressed adolescents exhibited significantly reduced FVC, PEFR and FEF 25–75% compared to their healthy counterparts, despite being otherwise healthy. This negative association was more pronounced in the higher age group. However, anxious adolescents did not show any significant difference in PFT compared to healthy peers.
Multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring with special emphasis on facial MEPs for facial nerve preservation in vestibular schwannoma surgeries: Surgical nuances and outcome predictability
Authors: Karanth Vishwa Kumar K. S. , Yerragunta Thirumal , Sampath Nishanth , Yerramneni Vamsi Krishna , Kanala Ramanadha Reddy , Kumar E. Pavan , Govindaraj Anand
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of facial motor-evoked potentials (FMEPs) as a significant part of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) for preserving facial nerve (FN) function in vestibular schwannoma surgery guiding the resection, and predicting outcome.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective observational study included 35 cases of vestibular schwannomas operated under multimodal IONM using free-running electromyography (EMG), triggered EMG (with both monopolar probe and suction stimulator), FMEPs, electroencephalography and its spectral derivatives and train-of-four testing. Direct stimulation using a monopolar probe helped in the identification of FN and guiding tumour resection. The suction stimulator probe was used for quasi-continuous stimulus delivery and FN mapping. FMEPs helped in the assessment of the integrity of FN.

Results:

In 14 cases, there was a single instance, and in 11 cases, there was more than one instance of a significant drop in FMEPs. Sixteen cases had >50% fall in FMEPs during surgery. In 28 cases, the proximal stimulation threshold for FN was ≤0.1 mA at the end of the tumour resection. At the end of the first week following surgery, only 42.9% of the cases had good functional preservation (House–Brackmann [HB] Grade I or II) of FN, which increased to 78.8% at the end of one year. The remaining 21.2% had HB Grade III weakness. Percentage drop in FMEP amplitude and final FMEP amplitude correlated significantly (P < 0.01) with the post-operative HB Grade at 1st week, 3, 6 and 12 months following surgery.

Conclusion:

FMEPs, as a significant component of multimodal IONM, provide a real-time assessment of FN function during surgery, facilitate safe maximal resection, predict immediate post-operative FN outcomes, and improve long-term FN function by minimising the cumulative insult inflicted on the FN during surgery.
Educational aspect of socio-psychological counseling in working with the elderly
Authors: Лифанова Т.Е. , Стаканова М.В. , Голенкова О.В. , Кыштымова А.А.
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы работы с пожилыми людьми в учреждениях социального обеспечения. Авторы обращают внимание на важность подготовки специалистов по социальной работе с целью овладения студентами необходимыми компетенциями, знаниями, умениями и навыками. Также в статье приведены результаты социологического исследования, определяющего уровень удовлетворенности у граждан пожилого возраста социально-психологической работой специалистов Государственного бюджетного учреждения Брянской области «Комплексный центр социального обслуживания населения города Брянска». Авторы делают вывод о необходимости качественной подготовки специалистов по социальной работе для эффективного социально-психологического консультирования в работе с пожилыми людьми.

The article deals with topical issues of working with the elderly in social security institutions. The authors direct attention to the importance of training specialists in social work in order to master students with the necessary competencies, knowledge, skills and abilities. The article presents the results of a sociological study aimed at determining the level of satisfaction among elderly citizens with the socio-psychological work of specialists of the State Budgetary Institution of the Bryansk region «Integrated Center for Social Services of the population of Bryansk». The conclusion is made about the need for high-quality training of specialists in social work for effective socio-psychological counseling in working with the elderly.
The development of pedagogical theory and practice in the context of modern physical and patriotic education
Authors: Кузина О.А. , Булаева С.В. , Тимарин А.Н. , Родченкова Е.С.
Published: June 2024

В настоящее время в современном мире, отличающемся высокой динамикой развития социально-техногенных и природных систем, участие чрезвычайных ситуаций как никогда прежде приобретает всё большую значимость. По данным МЧС России, ежегодно на территории нашей страны фиксируется более 10 тыс. происшествий различного масштаба – паводки, наводнения, оползни, лесные и торфяные пожары, аварии на транспорте, производственные аварии и т.п. Международное сообщество сталкивается с такими глобальными катастрофами, как землетрясения, цунами, ураганы и извержения вулканов. Данная статья посвящена анализу использования соответствующей терминологии в английском языке. Для проведения исследования был проанализирован корпус научно-популярных и публицистических текстов на английском языке, описывающих последствия чрезвычайных ситуаций различной природы и масштаба, опубликованных в 2000-2020 годах. Была выделена медицинская лексика, затем проведён ее классификационный анализ. В результате исследования была выявлена тенденция к увеличению объёма используемой медицинской терминологии при описании последствий ЧС по сравнению с предыдущими десятилетиями. Также была проанализирована частота употребления разных лексических групп в зависимости от масштаба и характера происшествия.

The issues of physical and patriotic education have traditionally occupied one of the key places in the national education system. This is due to the objective need for the comprehensive development of the younger generation, the formation of healthy lifestyle skills and love for the Motherland among young people as necessary qualities of a citizen. At the same time, the challenges of modernity impose a number of additional requirements on these aspects of the educational process. Currently, the issues of physical and patriotic education of the younger generation are especially relevant due to a number of modern challenges. The purpose of this article is to study existing approaches to physical and patriotic personal development from the point of view of pedagogical theory and practice, as well as to consider the prospects for their further improvement. The study analyzed the fundamental concepts of physical and patriotic education among foreign and domestic scientists and teachers of different eras. Thus, the views of V. Franco, I. Pestalozzi, K. Ushinsky, S. Rubinstein, V. Sukhomlinsky and other key figures in this field were studied. Based on the results of the analysis, the fundamental principles of physical and patriotic personal development were highlighted, as well as the prospects for their further improvement in the context of modern challenges were considered. Several recommendations have been proposed to update existing approaches taking into account innovative trends.
An overview of mathematical problems that surprise with their answers
Authors: Тонких А.П.
Published: June 2024

Обучение математике – это процесс, в котором учащиеся (школьники или студенты) учатся абстрактным и логическим законам математики, а также применению их при решении задач. Пополняя свои знания новыми математическими фактами, они становятся более уверенными в своих силах, развивают логическое и критическое мышление, необходимые не только при изучении многих других дисциплин, но и для познания окружающего мира. В статье рассмотрены примеры задач из различных разделов математики (арифметики, алгебры, геометрии, комбинаторики, теории вероятностей, математической статистики, математической логики и др.), которые на первый взгляд имеют очевидные ответы. Однако эти ответы неверные и лишь строгие математические рассуждения (или вычисления) позволяют получить верный ответ на поставленный в задаче вопрос. Более того, задачи подобраны так, что они удивляют своими верными ответами, которые кажутся невероятными, сомнительными и даже противоречащими здравому смыслу. Лишь строгие математические рассуждения позволяют развеять эти сомнения. Анализ допущенных ошибок в ходе решения математической задачи помогает учащимся лучше понимать, в каком месте они рассуждали неправильно, как исправить неверные выводы, что нужно сделать, чтобы избежать подобной ошибки в будущем. Исправление ошибок поможет им лучше понимать математический материал и окружающую действительность.

Teaching mathematics is a process in which students (schoolchildren or students) learn the abstract and logical laws of mathematics, as well as their application in solving problems. By adding new mathematical facts to their knowledge, they become more confident in their abilities, develop logical and critical thinking, which are necessary not only for studying many other disciplines, but also for learning about the world around them. The article considers examples of problems from various branches of mathematics (arithmetic, algebra, geometry, combinatorics, probability theory, mathematical statistics, mathematical logic, etc.), which at first glance have obvious answers. However, these answers are incorrect and only rigorous mathematical reasoning (or calculations) allow you to get the correct answer to the question posed in the problem. Moreover, the tasks are chosen in such a way that they surprise with their correct answers, which seem incredible, questionable and even contrary to common sense. Only rigorous mathematical reasoning can dispel these doubts. Analyzing mistakes made during solving a mathematical problem helps students better understand where they reasoned incorrectly, how to correct incorrect conclusions, and what needs to be done to avoid such an error in the future. Correcting mistakes will help them better understand the mathematical material and the surrounding reality.
The development of pedagogical theory and practice in the context of modern physical and patriotic education
Authors: Джолиев И.М.О. , Сапаров Б.М. , Каримов Н.М. , Обносов В.А. , Мишин А.С.
Published: June 2024

Вопросы физического и патриотического воспитания традиционно занимали одно из ключевых мест в отечественной системе образования. Это обусловлено объективной необходимостью всестороннего развития подрастающего поколения, формирования у молодёжи навыков здорового образа жизни и любви к Родине как необходимых качеств гражданина. Вместе с тем вызовы современности предъявляют ряд дополнительных требований к данным аспектам воспитательного процесса. В настоящее время вопросы физического и патриотического воспитания молодого поколения особенно актуальны в силу ряда вызовов современности. Цель данной статьи заключается в изучении существующих подходов к физическому и патриотическому развитию личности с точки зрения педагогической теории и практики, а также рассмотрении перспектив их дальнейшего совершенствования. В рамках исследования был проведён анализ основополагающих концепций физического и патриотического воспитания, описанных в работах зарубежных и отечественных ученых-педагогов разных эпох. Так, изучались взгляды В. Франко, И. Песталоцци, К. Ушинского, С. Рубинштейна, В. Сухомлинского и других ключевых фигур в этой области. По результатам анализа были выделены основополагающие принципы физического и патриотического развития личности, а также рассмотрены перспективы их дальнейшего совершенствования в контексте современных вызовов. Предложено несколько рекомендаций по актуализации имеющихся подходов с учётом инновационных тенденций.

The issues of physical and patriotic education have traditionally occupied one of the key places in the national education system. This is due to the objective need for the comprehensive development of the younger generation, the formation of healthy lifestyle skills and love for the Motherland among young people as necessary qualities of a citizen. At the same time, the challenges of modernity impose a number of additional requirements on these aspects of the educational process. Currently, the issues of physical and patriotic education of the younger generation are especially relevant due to a number of modern challenges. The purpose of this article is to study existing approaches to physical and patriotic personal development from the point of view of pedagogical theory and practice, as well as to consider the prospects for their further improvement. The study analyzed the fundamental concepts of physical and patriotic education among foreign and domestic scientists and teachers of different eras. Thus, the views of V. Franco, I. Pestalozzi, K. Ushinsky, S. Rubinstein, V. Sukhomlinsky and other key figures in this field were studied. Based on the results of the analysis, the fundamental principles of physical and patriotic personal development were highlighted, as well as the prospects for their further improvement in the context of modern challenges were considered. Several recommendations have been proposed to update existing approaches taking into account innovative trends.
Music therapy through vocals: effectiveness and applications in clinical practice
Authors: Цянь Ю.
Published: June 2024

В настоящее время музыкальная терапия применяется в клинической практике для лечения широкого спектра психических и физических расстройств. Одним из более эффективных направлений музыкальной терапии является вокальная терапия. Данное исследование направлено на изучение эффективности и применимости вокальной терапии в рамках различных клинических подходов для лечения тревожности, депрессии и посттравматического стрессового расстройства. В рамках введения описываются ключевые особенности процесса вокальной терапии, а также теоретические основы ее применения. В разделе материалов и методов подробно раскрывается методология исследования, включая характеристику выборок пациентов, используемые методы терапии и диагностические инструменты. Результаты исследования демонстрируют статистически значимое снижение уровня тревожности, депрессии и посттравматических симптомов у пациентов, проходивших курс вокальной терапии. Анализ данных свидетельствует о высокой эффективности данного подхода и целесообразности его использования в рамках комплексного лечения соответствующих психических расстройств. Таким образом, исследование подтверждает перспективность дальнейшего изучения и внедрения вокальной терапии в клиническую практику.

Currently, music therapy is used in clinical practice to treat a wide range of mental and physical disorders. One of the more effective areas of music therapy is vocal therapy. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and applicability of vocal therapy in various clinical approaches for the treatment of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. The introduction describes the key features of the vocal therapy process, as well as the theoretical foundations of its application. The materials and methods section describes in detail the methodology of the study, including the characteristics of patient samples, the therapies used and diagnostic tools. The results of the study demonstrate a statistically significant decrease in the level of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic symptoms in patients undergoing vocal therapy. The analysis of the data indicates the high effectiveness of this approach and the expediency of its use in the framework of comprehensive treatment of relevant mental disorders. Thus, the study confirms the prospects for further study and implementation of vocal therapy in clinical practice.
Formation of historical memory of students by means of network project activities
Authors: Демидова Т.Е. , Чижевская И.Н. , Чижевский А.Е.
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена актуальной педагогической проблеме: формированию исторической памяти учащейся молодежи на территории Брянской области через вовлечение школьников и студентов в активную деятельность по созданию и развитию интернет-ресурсов, аккумулирующих фотографии, сохранившееся у жителей местного сообщества. Выявленные в ходе исследования тенденции свидетельствует о сложившемся противоречии между большими возможностями работы с семейными фотоархивами в формировании исторической памяти у учащейся молодежи и отсутствие системных решений в этой сфере на уровне региона и страны в целом. На устранение этого противоречия направлен сетевой проект «Родники нашей памяти», призванный через цифровизацию сохранить и сделать доступными для всех заинтересованных граждан России фотографии, которые сохранились в семьях на территории малой родины, отражающие жизнь людей родного края.

The article is devoted to the actual pedagogical problem: of the formation of the historical memory of students in the Bryansk region through the involvement of schoolchildren and students in active activities for the creation and development of Internet resources accumulating photos preserved by residents of the local community. The trends revealed in the course of the study indicate the contradiction between the great opportunities of working with family photo archives in the formation of historical memory among students and the lack of systemic solutions in this area at the regional and country level as a whole. The network project «Springs of Our Memory» is aimed at eliminating this contradiction, designed through digitalization to preserve and make available to all interested citizens of Russia photos that have been preserved in families on the territory of the small homeland, reflecting the lives of people of their native land.
Analysis of the correspondence between endoscopy and histology in 135 pediatric esophagogastroduodenoscopies: a retrospective study
Authors: Shavrov Anton A. , Ibragimov Sultanbek I. , Tertychnyy Alexander S. , Morozov Dmitry A. , Shavrov Andrey A. , Kharitonova Anastasia Yu. , Merkulova Anastasia O.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To determine the level of correspondence between endoscopic and histological data when performing esophagogastroduodenoscopie (EGD) in children. A secondary aim was to identify predictors that affect the correspondence between endoscopy and histology.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the EGD (patients aged 2–18 years) was carried out. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to determine the level of agreement and potential predictors of agreement between endoscopy and histology.
Results. 135 EGDS were analyzed. The overall level of disagreement between endoscopy and histology was 39.3% (53 patients). Taken into account histology as the gold standard, the specificity of white light EGD was 45.3%, sensitivity, accuracy, positive and its negative predictive value was 80, 60,7, 53,9, 73,9% respectively. A comparison of endoscopic and histological conclusions for each upper GI organ showed that the collection of biopsies for histological examination in all children improves the diagnostic value of white light EGD by 33.3% in the esophagus, 41.5% in the stomach and 14% in the duodenum. Logistic regression analysis showed that only heartburn and belching turned out to be a statistically significant (p=0.018) predictor of a low degree of correspondence between endoscopic and histological results (OR 0.302, 95% CI 0.112–0.814). Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, an established diagnosis of IBD, the presence of a diagnosis of JRA, age, gender, experience of an endoscopist and endoscope model did not have a statistically significant effect on the agreement level between endoscopy and histology (p0.05).
Conclusion. EGD as an instrumental intervention is by definition an invasive procedure, and its diagnostic potential should be used to the maximum through the performance of routine biopsies in all children. This is especially important for pediatric gastroenterology because it allows not only to improve the effectiveness of intraluminal diagnostic method by almost 40%, but also to reduce the number of repeated unproductive white light EGD’s without taking tissue for confirming or refuting the presence of the disease in the child.
Study of the acoustic breathing pattern in children with bronchial asthma using a Respiratory Sound Recorder
Authors: Aseeva Elizaveta V. , Geppe Natalia A. , Grebeneva Irina V. , Kovalenko Irina V. , Bukharov Dmitrii G. , Malyshev Vladimir S.
Published: June 2024

Background. The study of external respiration function using spirometry in young children is associated with certain difficulties during the procedure. The respiratory sound recorder is a modern device with which you can evaluate the acoustic breathing pattern during inhalation and exhalation during quiet breathing.
Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of computer bronchophonography indicators in children with asthma and in children in the control group without respiratory pathology using a respiratory sound recorder.
Materials and methods. External respiration function was assessed using computer bronchophonography using a respiratory sound recorder; 215 practically healthy children from 1 to 18 years old, who formed the control group, were examined. The main group of those examined included children with moderate (n=80) and severe bronchial asthma (n=40), of which (n=54) patients were examined in exacerbation.
Results. In all patients with asthma in the main group with exacerbation, the acoustic component of work of breathing (ACWP) was significantly higher than in the control group. Differences were detected in the low-frequency P1, mid-frequency P2 and high-frequency range P3 (p0.05). When comparing ACRD in patients with asthma with exacerbation and remission, a statistically significant difference was revealed in all frequency ranges (p0.005). When analyzing the duration of inhalation and exhalation in healthy children of different ages, no statistically significant difference was revealed. In patients with exacerbated asthma, inhalation and exhalation were significantly longer than in a healthy child (p0.005).
Conclusion. Our study shows that a respiratory sound recorder can be effectively used to diagnose bronchial obstruction disorders in children of different ages.
Tactics of surgical treatment of children with small intestinal polyps with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome and juvenile polyposis
Authors: Korolev Grigory A. , Lokhmatov Maksim M. , Dyakonova Elena Yu. , Tupylenko Artem V. , Oldakovsky Vladislav I. , Budkina Tatyana N. , Bekin Alexander S. , Yatsyk Sergey P.
Published: June 2024

Background. Polyps of the small intestine in Peutz–Jeghers syndrome and juvenile polyposis can cause obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract, and with age they can cause the development of cancer. Currently, there is no consensus on diagnostic methods and treatment tactics for polyps in the deep parts of the small intestine in children, since both diseases are rare and there are not many works devoted to this problem in the literature.
Aim. To analyze 13 years of experience in treating patients and formulate treatment tactics for children with hamartomatous polyps of the small intestine with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome and juvenile polyposis.
Materials and methods. In the period from 2012 to 2024, on the basis of the department of general and planned surgery of the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, 44 children were treated – 35 (80.4%) patients diagnosed with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome and 9 (19.6%) diagnosed with juvenile polyposis, – who were hospitalized 81 times. All patients underwent abdominal ultrasound upon admission. Sixteen patients underwent video capsule enteroscopy (VCE), and 82 diagnostic and therapeutic balloon enteroscopy (BE) were performed – 74 (90.2%) antegrade BE and 8 (9.75%) retrograde.
Results. According to ultrasound of the abdominal organs, only 25 (30.8%) cases revealed pathological changes in the abdominal cavity. Ultrasound testing showed a specificity of 78% and sensitivity of 36%. However, ultrasound allows one to assess intramural blood flow and determine further treatment tactics. VBE demonstrates a sensitivity of 97.4% and a specificity of 85.5%, which makes it possible to reliably assess the prevalence and localization of the process. BE also showed high sensitivity of 92.1% and specificity of 82% as a diagnostic method, and also showed high efficiency and safety as a method of minimally invasive intraluminal treatment.
Conclusion. Diagnosis of small intestinal polyps requires a consistent and multidisciplinary approach. Evaluation of ultrasound and VCE data allows one to determine indications for intraluminal (antegrade/retrograde) or surgical treatment.
Atopic dermatitis: the role of care products in common dermatosis in pediatric practice
Authors: Sakaniya Luiza R. , Smolkina Olga Iu. , Korsunskaya Irina M. , Geppe Natalia A. , Soboleva Victoria A.
Published: June 2024

Обоснование. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin disorders in pediatric practice. In AD, the barrier function of the skin and moisturizing factors are impaired, which requires using specialized care products. Therefore, healthcare professionals should be aware of effective and safe products that can be used in children.
Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of LA-KRY cosmetics.
Materials and methods. The study included 39 patients with AD and 26 patients with allergic/contact dermatitis aged 0-7 years. In some children, skin corneometric indices (SCI) (humidity and oiliness) were measured before using care products and 14 and 30 days after the start of their use to assess their effectiveness. In the remaining patients, the clinical manifestations of skin disorders were assessed visually without instrumental methods.
Results. SCI improvement was observed after 14 days of using LA-KRY products and significantly improved by the end of month 1. Minimization of dryness and itching of the skin occurred by days 3-5, and clinical manifestations resolved by days 14-30 (depending on the nosology).
Conclusion. LA-KRY have shown their effectiveness in children with several dermatoses associated with skin barrier disruption, dryness, and itching; in particular, they help reduce inflammation and discomfort and normalize SCI.
Features of the voice apparatus in children with hearing loss
Authors: Daldova Valeryia S. , Merkulova Elena P. , Eremenko Julia E. , Bosiakov Sergei M. , Vasenkova Elena I.
Published: June 2024

Background. One of the critical and urgent problems of pediatric otorhinolaryngology is impaired hearing, which is considered both medical and social. In the absence of auditory feedback, children with hearing impairment suffer from voice and speech disorders due to their inability to control their voice.
Aim. To determine the nature of vocal apparatus (VA) disorders in children with bilateral chronic sensorineural hearing loss.
Materials and methods. A subjective and objective voice assessment was conducted in 100 children aged 4-12 years with varying severity of bilateral chronic sensorineural hearing loss.
Results. The study found that hearing impairment is associated with VA disorders in children with severe hearing loss (HL), reflected in their voice's acoustic characteristics. The medical care for children with grade 3-4 HL should not be limited to hearing aids; measures to identify and treat HA abnormalities are also necessary. Phonopedic classes are indicated for children with any HL since most of them (72.9%) have a change in the timbre and modulation of the voice, which can aggravate inevitable communication problems.
A clinical example of the effect of latent infection and chronic inflammation on urination disorders in a 12-year-old child without organic pathology. Case report
Authors: Bozhendaev Timofei L. , Simonova Albina V. , Guseva Natalia B. , Nikitin Sergei S.
Published: June 2024

Bladder dysfunctions of inorganic origin in childhood are found in 40% of visits to the doctor about urination disorders. In the practice of pediatricians, there are patients who do not respond well to basic treatment, and urination disorders persist for several years. Such patients are included in the group of frequently ill children, have frequent recurrences of urinary tract infections. This publication describes the conducted microbiological studies of patients by the method of chromatography-mass spectrometry of microbial markers. The expected results of latent microbial agents were obtained in the discharge from the pharynx, the contents of the intestinal lumen, and urinary sediment. The presence of infection in the surveyed regions contributed to the maintenance of a chronic inflammatory process. The conducted antimicrobial treatment contributed to the relief of inflammation and potentiated the basic therapy, which contributed to the effective correction of urinary disorders of inorganic origin in children.
Recoverability of the adaptive potential of the tonsils in chronic tonsillitis. A Review
Authors: Belov Vladimir A. , Karpova Elena P.
Published: June 2024

The emergence of bacterial resistance to antibacterial drugs is one of the most urgent issues of world health. The emergence of new strains of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms associated with more severe diseases is a serious clinical problem. Exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis (CT) and sore throat remain a common cause of unreasonable administration of systemic antibacterial therapy. In most cases, except for streptococcal tonsillitis, antibiotics can be considered an overtreatment, as they are totally inappropriate in treating viral infections. An important point is the negative changes in the microbiome of the patient's body, which have a negative impact on health, and abnormal changes can last longer and be more severe than the disease itself. Given the higher activity of the tonsils in childhood and their effect on the normal development of the immune system, approaches to surgical treatment should be very thoughtful and balanced. One of the urgent problems of otorhinolaryngology remains the search for pathogenetically based, effective, and safe methods of treating CT. In non-surgical therapy, drugs that can both restrain the inflammatory response and modulate the immune response are of great interest. The article highlights the possibilities of modern herbal medicine in the non-surgical treatment of CT. The presented herbal medicinal products are included in the clinical guidelines, and their use is pathogenetically justified.
The Establishment of common market and Nigeria-Benin porous borders; Security implication in Nigeria
Authors: Celestine Ochu Udeh  , Gerald E. Ezirim  , Obi Kelechukwu Charlse  , Okechukwu Eme
Published: June 2024

The study investigates the extent of Nigeria-Benin porous borders orchestrated by the objectives of economic integration vis-à-vis its security implication in Nigeria, this which has resulted in alarming spate of smugglings, proliferation of small arms and light weapons used in fueling violence acts, terrorism, banditry, etc. in the country. The study was anchored on the institutional theory as its blue-print of understanding. It adopted documentary method of data collection, content analysis for analysing data generated from secondary sources. It revealed that the imposition of stiff penalties on free movement of livestock, the arrest, prosecution and imposition of severe penalties on the offenders aided in the reduction of farmers-herders conflict in Benue State. We recommended amongst other things, that Benue State Government should keep security collaboration and synergy with all the bordering states to keep tough in the fight against Fulani extremists.
Fintech and business growth in the banking industry: An outlook from Opay microfinance bank Nigeria limited
Authors: Kalu Alexanda Ogbonna  , Agodi Joy  , Aniuga Chukwuma  , Bashir Ogungbangbe
Published: June 2024

The study focused on Fintech and business development in Microfinance banks with special emphasis on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) that uses Moinepoint Microfinance bank innovative technology and services. FinTech is the term used to describe new financial services, products, and models that incorporate elements of emerging technology and have the potential to significantly influence established financial markets and services. There is paucity of empirical literature on Fintech as regards to Nigeria as similar studies have been done in most developed nations focusing on the banks rather than the SMEs. Survey research design was adopted and primary data was generated from 400 SMEs using Moniepoint Fintech in South East Nigeria and the data was subjected to multiple regression analysis with the help SPSS version 22. It was concluded that SMEs in Nigeria are now better positioned to thrive as most of the MFBs in recent time has dished out cutting-edge Fintech that businesses can leverage on and that POS terminal, Mobile application and online credit facilities are readily available in the region and these has reshape how businesses are carried out and have also reduced drastically the cost of carrying cash thereby promoting the CBN cashless policy. The study recommend that Moniepoint MFB just like every other bank should carry out more sensitization communication on the benefit of their online credit facilities, mobile applications and the ease of use of their PoS terminal.
Exploring the effects of digital marketing practices in India: A comprehensive analysis
Authors: Anupkumar Dhore  , Rameshwar Harkal  , Mayuri Darokar
Published: June 2024

In today's digital age, the internet has unlocked a realm of vast opportunities for businesses leveraging social networks. Beyond just sharing glimpses of their offerings, businesses can now effectively cultivate customer bases and conveniently reach them. The rapid dissemination of information through digital media has revolutionized the way businesses operate and grow. Digital marketing encompasses a broad spectrum of strategies aimed at promoting products or services using digital technologies. While primarily centered on the internet, it also extends to mobile phones, display advertising, and various other digital platforms. At its core, digital marketing is about building brand awareness and engaging with audiences through targeted, measurable, and interactive approaches.This study seeks to explore the landscape of digital marketing, emphasizing its significance, objectives, and impacts within the Indian market. By delving into various online channels, from social media to search engine marketing, it aims to provide insights into how businesses leverage digital platforms to reach, convert, and retain customers.
Role of adopting hard and expensive total quality management on creating a competitive advantage for the Private Higher Education Institutions of Automated Hospital Management
Authors: Saurabh Anand Thawarani  , Ranjan Upadhyaya
Published: June 2024

The study aims for determining whether both expensive and hard total quality management practices affect the creation of competitive advantage by the private higher education institutions of the nation. Primary data using a questionnaire had been collected from a sample consisted of 108 among the academics working in these institutions, following the convenience sampling method. Descriptive statistics are used in sample description, such as the mean and the standard deviation, and employing the multiple linear regression method, the result shows that both expensive and hard total quality management practices have a significant positive impact on competitive advantage creation. More studies regarding the role of expensive and hard practices are recommended to be made in Service based environment of developing countries in the globe, where more attempts are preferred to cover the in Automated Hospital Management.