bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis the Implementation of Communicative Language Teaching and Classroom Interaction in the Effort to Increase Learners’ Speaking Skills
Authors: Daar Gabriel Fredi , Ndorang Theofilus Acai
Published: November 2021

Communicative language teaching (CLT) is a set of principles about the goals of language teaching, how learners learn a language, the kinds of classroom activities that best facilitate learning, and the roles of teachers and learners in the classroom (Richard, 2006:2). Classroom interaction occurs in the process of applying CLT which requires the participation of both learners and teacher. The study aims at finding out how CLT and classroom interaction implemented collaboratively in the effort to increase learners’ speaking skill at private senior high schools in Ruteng, Flores. It’s mixed method research combining the use of descriptive quantitative and qualitative study design with phenomenological approach. For the purpose of quantitative study, it’s chosen 123 students by using cluster random sampling, meanwhile for the purpose of qualitative data, it’s chosen 12 students and three English teachers by using purposive sampling. The research result showed that CLT characteristics (82=66.7%) and teacher’s role (98=79.7%) were mostly categorized as high level of CLT implementation. Meanwhile, material, media and learners’ role were mostly categorized as medium level. English teachers always involve their students in the productive activities. However, they mostly used book or hand out as the media to deliver materials. Integrating technology into classroom, using games as one of method to cheer up the students boredom hardly ever undertaken. Regarding the implementation of classroom interaction; initiation was mostly in the category of low level (76=61.8%). Students mostly do the activities of learning English designed by teacher. They are not engaged with learning autonomy that leads them to have self learning habit. Consequently, students are only able to accomplish the simple tasks
Evaluation of 2013 Curriculum Implementation in The Achievement of Gradical Competency Standars in Mathematic About Mathematics Literation in SMAN 1 Menganti Gresik
Authors: Fitriyanto Gilang Ilham
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the impact of the implementation of the 2013 curriculum on education units and the achievement of graduate competency standards for each student in the education unit and identify the impact and constraints of the implementation of the 2013 curriculum in mathematics and mathematics literacy related to translating story sentences in mathematical symbols and sentences, write down, and translate questions.This evaluation study uses a countenance stake model with a quantitative approach. The method used is documentation, observation and questionnaire or questionnaire. Evaluation research subjects are 3 mathematics teachers and 34-35 samples of class XI students with curriculum object research documents, teacher documents, mathematics literacy skills and mathematics learning implementation in 2013 curriculum. The results showed the principle of curriculum development and curriculum components of SMAN 1 Menganti getting an average score of 100, component compilation of teacher documents amounting to 78, 25, implementation of 2013 curriculum learning mathematics subjects getting an average score of 79, 2013 curriculum authentic evaluation of the teacher's eyes lessons of 68.57, mathematical literacy skills obtained an average score of 70. Based on the results of the 2013 curriculum evaluation research at SMAN 1 Menganti, it can be concluded that the development and components of the 2013 curriculum have met the standards and refer to the graduate competency standards (SKL) but still need to improve teacher competencies, especially mathematics teachers and improve students' mathematical literacy abilities.
The Effectiveness of the “Kana Kihon” Complete Book for Learning of Hiragana Letters and Katakana for High School Students as the Initial Learners of Japanese Language
Authors: Mayasari Erma Dewi , Roni Roni , Nurhadi Didik
Published: November 2021

Language skills that must be mastered in language are listening, speaking, reading and writing. Japanese language learning specifically kana letters in the 2013 curriculum is not discussed in detail in the main complementary books like the books in the previous curriculum. The kana kihon supplementary book is the result of a research development product that has gone through the process of assessing the quality of a book, both from the validation assessment, the level of practicality and effectiveness. Effectiveness Complementary textbook learning can be seen from observing the activities of teachers, students and completeness of learning outcomes. From the results of the Kana Kihon book research effectively used with the following details, namely, 1) based on student activities obtained a percentage of 81.99%, 2) based on teacher activity obtained a percentage of 81.93%, and 3) based on the results of completeness learning effectively used with the level the percentage of 83.78%. With a good category of the three percentages, the kihon kana book is effectively used in learning hiragana letters and katakana (kana) for high school students as early learners of Japanese. The supplementary letter kana for students in class X of SMA / MA certainly has advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, teachers should be developed, especially Japanese language teachers so that they do not refer to existing text books so teachers need to be more productive in developing books that are appropriate for their students.
The Influence of Hybrid Learning Model on The Results of the Design of Fashion Study Design Study Viewed from Creative Levels Thinking Students
Authors: Sari Fadlilah Indira , Buditjahjanto I Gusti Putu Asto , Nurlaela Luthfiyah , Rijanto Tri
Published: November 2021

Education is a conscious and planned effort to create an atmosphere of learning and learning process so students actively develop their potential. The development of information technology has led to the emergence of various learning model innovations in the world of education. Innovative learning models themselves emerge as alternative solutions to overcome various obstacles in traditional methods. One application of information technology in education is the development of e-learning. Therefore, the researchers offer an alternative to the limitations of learning resources so that it is more interesting for students to learn the material taught by using e-learning based on video tutorials needed in taking a computer-aided fashion design course. This research is an experimental research with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used in this study is Stratified random sampling. Data collection techniques consist of: (1) tests; (2) interview; (3) observation; (4) questionnaire or questionnaire; and (5) documentary films. The results of the study concluded that the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcomes of students who used the hybrid learning model were significantly higher than students who used the direct learning model.
The Effect of Portable Electrical Motor Trainer Motor Media To Enhancing Creative and Critical Ability
Authors: Munawi Hisbulloh Ahlis , Suwardono Agus , Indrawati Elsanda Merita
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using portable electric motor control trainer media on increasing creative thinking skills and critical thinking skills in electrical engineering students. This research is an experimental study using Pretest-Posttest group design. The subject of the study is electrical engineering students at Nusantara University, PGRI Kediri consisting of 27 students. The level of creativity is measured through aspects of fluency, flexibility, authenticity, and elaboration, while aspects of critical thinking ability are by giving simple explanations, building basic skills, giving further explanation, applying strategies and techniques, and concluding. The study determines the increase in creative and critical thinking skills using N-Gain analysis. The result shows that: 1) the students' creative thinking skills are increased by learning using a portable type electric motor control trainer media that was categorized high on aspects of fluency and elaboration, and categorized based on aspects of flexibility and authenticity; 2) the students' critical thinking skills increase after participating in learning by using portable type electric motor control trainer media which is high in the aspects of elementary classification, inference, strategy and tactics, and categorized based on the aspects of basic support and advanced classification.
The Development of Social Science Module Based on the Integration of “Sedekah Bumi” as the Local Wisdom
Authors: Melisa Melisa , Suprijono Agus , Kasdi Aminuddin
Published: November 2021

The reseacher is motivated by the the absence of a social science learning module (IPS) that integrates with “Sedekah bumi” as the local wisdom in conducting this research junior high school Menganti. Therefore a research on the development of IPS modules integrate the local wisdom on the diversity of Indonesian etnichs and cultures was conducting in classs 7th B of junior high school Menganti. This study aims to describe the feasibility of the IPS module in terms of validity and practicality. This research conducted using the development model with the R&D design of Borg and Gall (1975). The data in this study were obtained through a validation sheet and response questionnaire module. The results of the study show that: (1) module validity is based on the validation sheet in terms of valid category content and module validity in terms of display category is very valid, and (2) module practicality is based on a very practical category response questionnaire. From these results it can be concluded that the IPS module integrates the local wisdom of earth alms tradition is feasible to be used in the learning process.
The Things Students Do When They Play Truant
Authors: Salima Sulusa Habba , Prasetyo Ketut , Haidar Ali
Published: November 2021

This study aims to describe what students do when truant in SMPN 1 Tulangan Sidoarjo. This study uses qualitative research methods with a Case Study approach. Researchers conduct this case study research according to the events in the field by observing students who play truant to a coffee shop, to an internet cafe (internet cafe), etc. This study uses in-depth interviews, and uses participant observation methods. The results showed  the reasons students did truant because they felt bored with the lesson, there was no interest in the lesson, the teacher was less creative, and was not comfortable in how to teach, the students' catch ability was low so they chose to play truant from schools and classrooms so that they become left behind in class lessons and grades drop. they play truant in various ways including asking for permission to go to the bathroom during class but will not return to the class and go to a coffee shop, cafeteria, etc. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that students who play truant have many different ways and their reasons for truant, so that schools should be more concerned with the situation of students, especially when at school and pay attention to them so that truancy action can be reduced by those who make trespass violations and make them their academic grades did not plummet and could improve again.
ITA: Innovation of Science and Environmental Learning Model in 21st Century based on HOTS
Authors: Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Rahmayanti Henita
Published: November 2021

Learning in the 21st century requires a learning innovation, especially in science and environmental learning. That's because solving various environmental problems requires students' abilities, one of which is Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). The purpose of this research was to develop a learning model called ITA (Identify problems, Think and Write, Analysis and Argumentation). This research was conducted in March 2020. The method used in this research was research and development. Validation was carried out for 11 validators via Google form (online media), consisting of 5 learning experts and 6 science teachers. The results of the study showed that the ITA learning model was categorized as very valid with an average score of 3.52 which could be interpreted as an ITA learning model suitable for use in science and environmental learning. Other innovations to support the implementation of the ITA learning model can be developed to strengthen the use of the ITA learning model. This study concludes that the ITA learning model is suitable for use in science and environmental learning.
Relationship between Ecosystem Knowledge and Locus of Control with Intention to Act in MAN on Environment of Sukabumi District
Authors: Solihin Solihin , Sigit Diana Vivanti , Miarsyah Mieke
Published: November 2021

Intention to act of students is an interpretation of knowledge of ecosystems and locus of control. This study aims to look at the relevance of students' intention to act which is analyzed through ecosystem knowledge and locus of control. Research on the intention to act to date has been developed because of the problem of deterioration in people's behavior in interacting in the ecosystem. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, with a sample of 203 respondents. The technique used is multistage random sampling. The instrument used is a questionnaire for locus of control and intention to act data collection. Multiple choice instrument in retrieving data on ecosystem knowledge of students. This study concluded that there was a relationship between ecosystem knowledge and locus of control with the intention to act.
Development of Teaching Books Based on Science Pop Up To Train Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary Students
Authors: Wahyunungsih Sri , Raharjo Raharjo , Azizah Utiya
Published: November 2021

This study aims to produce textbooks based on pop up science to train students' critical thinking skills in fifth grade elementary school, to describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of pop-up science-based textbooks to practice critical thinking skills on the material "System Digestion in Humans ". This research is a development research that refers to the development model of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation (ADDIE). Lesson plan with science-based textbooks pop up are then validated by experts. The results of the validation of the experts stated that the lesson plan with science-based textbooks pop up are valid for used. Furthermore, it was tested on the fifth grade students of Kandangan I / 121 state elementary school at Surabaya with One Group Pretest-Postest Design. The results of a limited scale trial showed that  (1) learning tools with science based pop-up textbooks that are developed in valid categories, (2) lesson plan that are developed practically based on the implementation of lesson plans that are categorized very well and student activities that are relevant to learning, (3) lesson plan which developed are effective based on the results of students' critical thinking skills tests which show that N-Gain 9 students are in the middle category, 6 students are in the high category, and the results of the paired samples t-test with Ho are rejected and the positive response given by the students . It can be concluded that the lesson plans with science-based textbooks pop up are appropriate for training the thinking skills of elementary school students.
Impact Multicultural Education: Case study in Social Studies Learning
Authors: Miftakhul Amin , Harmanto Harmanto , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: November 2021

This study intends to describe the impact of multicultural education in Social Studies Learning of junior high school. This type of research is qualitative with the method descriptive. The subject of this research is the component (Teacher and students) Middle-School 6 Sidoarjo. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion shows that Multicultural education in practice for social studies education learning in the classroom runs smoothly and students can be carefully conditioned to have an effect and have an impact, among others: Be tolerant in accepting all differences, because the difference is God's grace, does not discriminate (discriminate) friends who different beliefs, do not force others in terms of beliefs (religion), give freedom to others to choose beliefs (religion), do not interfere with other people with different beliefs when they worship, keep on interacting and behaving well with people who have different beliefs in worldly matters, respect others who are worshiping, do not hate and hurt the feelings of someone who has different beliefs or opinions from us. It is hoped that these forms of tolerance will bring positive energy which will not trigger disputes or quarrels between students.
Direct Learning Model to Improve Aeronautical Knowledge of Cadets in Vocational Education School
Authors: Hariri Ahmad , Hariadi Eko , Wardhono Arie
Published: November 2021

Method is a comprehensive plan to provide language learning materials on a regular basis, with no contradictory part, and all are based on a particular approach. The purpose of this study is to improve the Aeronautical Knowledge of Vocational Education Cadets in the Official Aviation School. The object chosen in this study is the Vocational Education Cadets of Official Aviation School. Based on the results of this study, it is proven that the direct learning model is able to increase Aeronautical Knowledge, which is indicated by the improvement of cadets’ achievement.
The effect of knowledge of ecological concepts and intention to act toward responsible environmental behavior of senior high school students
Authors: Ipikasari Ipikasari , Sigit Diana Vivanti , Komala Ratna
Published: November 2021

Responsible environmental behavior is one of important factors to protect the environment from damage. Responsible environmental behavior can be built through knowledge of ecological concepts and intention to act toward the environment. This study aims to investigate the effect of knowledge of ecological concepts and intention to act toward responsible environmental behavior of senior high school students. The method used were survey through causal studies and analysis was used path analysis. This study used three variables i.e. ecological concept knowledge (exogenous variable/X1), itention to act (exogenous variable/X2), and environmental responsibility behavior (endogenous variables /X3). The subject were 165 students from grade XI of mathematics and science. The result of hypothesis showed that the path coefficient X1 to X3 was 0,817, X2 to X3 was 0,838, X1 to X2 was 0,832, and X1 to X3 through X2 was 0,70. Knowledge of ecological concepts and intention to act has a direct effect toward responsible environmental behavior of students. Intention to act can be said as the mediated variable between knowledge of ecological and responsible environmental behavior.
Environmental Disaster Education at University: An Overview in New Normal of COVID-19
Authors: Alim Alimun Nasrun A. Hi , Rahmayanti Henita , Husen Achmad , Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Marhento Giry , Alamsyah Mashudi , Susilo Susilo , Babu R. Udhaya Mohan , Rahman Md. Mehadi
Published: November 2021

Pandemic Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a non-natural disaster that occurs globally. Disaster mitigation efforts need to be made when entering a new normal life after the physical distancing policy is relaxed. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge and participation of students in disaster mitigation activities during the new normal period. The research method used descriptive, data collection techniques through Google Form with a sample of 54 students. The results showed that learning of disaster mitigation education is not maximally taught at the university level with a percentage of 57.4% for students, who did not receive disaster mitigation education. However, as many as 51.9% of students had attended training in disaster education. Disaster mitigation education was important to do when a new normal period. That is because students are one component that has a role to convey various information about the disaster, especially COVID-19. This study concludes that knowledge and student participation in disaster education still needs to be improved. The suggestion from this research was necessary to develop innovative learning tools for disaster mitigation education in the new normal era of COVID-19.
Indonesian School Management Overseas (Case Study in Indonesia Kuala Lumpur School)
Authors: Matin Matin , Sugiarto Sugiarto , Pujiastuti Leni
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of the management of the Kuala Lumpur Indonesian School in detail and thoroughly from the research subjects on the background of the study with existing characteristics. The case in this study is the application of management in the field of education which includes curriculum management, student management (students), personnel/member management, management of educational facilities and infrastructure, financial management, management of school relations with the community, and management of special services. This research uses a phenomenological qualitative approach with a case study design at the Kuala Lumpur Indonesia School located at No. 1, Lorong Tun Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, which consists of elementary, junior high, and high school. Data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data collection techniques with triangulation, data analysis is inductive, and the results of qualitative research emphasize meaning rather than generalization. Based on the analysis of the data it was found that the supporting factors were that the Kuala Lumpur Indonesian School was already running and giving a good role in the implementation of the cultural diplomacy function in Malaysia and the School Financial Management was running well. When teachers whose contracts have expired and must return to Indonesia while substitute teachers have not yet arrived. In student management there is a problem of residence visas, teaching teachers not in accordance with the educational background result in professional competence.
Jirqa Learning Strategies: Influence Student Learning Outcomes Based on Motivation Level
Authors: Faizatuluhmi Silfi , Komala Ratna , Rusdi Rusdi
Published: November 2021

The current learning process emphasizes the development of student skills as life skills, one of the goals is effective communication skills that are helped through knowledge from reading results. A syntactic integration between Jigsaw learning strategies and Reading, Questioning, Answering or called JiRQA learning strategies based on motivation level of student learning outcomes can help students to face the demands of the 21st century. This study aims to measure the effect of using JiRQA learning strategies based on motivation level of student learning outcomes. The research method is quasi-experimental. Data analysis was performed in the normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, while the homogeneity test was carried out with the Bartlett test then for the hypothesis test carried out with a 2 x 2 factorial experimental design. The sample size was 18 experimental class students and 18 control class students in SMAN 11 Pandeglang. The results of the study showed normal and homogeneous (p> 0.05). The results of the study using two-ways ANAVA test obtained data that the value of p = 0.014, which means p <0.05 (starting Ho). And make conclusions there is an interaction between JiRQA learning strategies based on the level of motivation on learning outcomes. Similar research needs to be done to get more information. The research findings are the influence of syntactic integration between Jigsaw and Reading, Questioning, Answering learning strategies on learning results based on motivation level.
Gross Motor and Social Development of Children Development Media of Traditional Jumping Rope Modification Game
Authors: Nissa Heppy Zakiatun , Mustaji Mustaji , Hendratno Hendratno
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the validity, practicality and effectiveness of media traditional jumping rope modification game to improve the development of gross motor and social of children. The research method used Dick and Carey model development research with the following steps: a). Analyzing the need, b.) Analyzing learning, c.) Analyzing child characteristics and learning context, d.) Formulating specific learning objectives, e.) Develop research instruments, f.) Develop learning strategies, g.) Develop teaching materials, h.) Designing and implementing formative evaluation, i.) Revising learning. The subject of research taken is kindergarten children aged 5-6 years as much as 54 children. The subject of research also involves 2 material experts and media experts. Data collection using a product feasibility test poll from media experts and material experts, interviews on individual trials, interviews on small group trials and observation sheets on field trials with indicators on gross motor development, among others, coordinated body movements to train flexibility, balance and agility, jump over obstacles with a height of 20-40 cm, and perform a leap of 38-60 cm towards the target with obstacles. As for indicators of social development, among others, obey the rules of the game, play with peers, be cooperative with friends, and realize the rights and interests of others. Data analysis techniques using the N-Gain Score index. Development research resulted the product of the Game media usage Guide Book of "Lokota" and the Media game "Lokota" that has got validation of material experts and media experts with excellent results so it is worth using.
The Influence of Problem Based Learning Model For Student Competence In Computer System Learning Eyes Reviewed From Class X Multimedia Achievement Motivation In Vocational School 10 Surabaya
Authors: Agusvianto Hendra , Basuki Ismet , Ismayati Euis
Published: November 2021

The process of teaching and learning activities uses problems in daily life as a form of improving thinking skills and problem solving, as well as gaining important concept knowledge by using student achievement motivation on computer systems subjects on computer system attitude competencies, computer system knowledge competencies, and competency skills computer system. Teachers at SMKN 10 Surabaya on average use the STAD cooperative model and students' competencies are taught low while researchers use the Problem Based Learning model and make student competencies increase.The design of this study uses 2 x 2 factorial analysis design with independent variables Problem Based Learning models and STAD cooperative models, moderating variables of high achievers motivation and low achievers motivation, and dependent variables competency in computer system attitudes, computer knowledge of computer systems, and computer system skills competencies.The results of this study in Multimedia 10 class students who were taught using PBL learning models were very significant competency compared to STAD cooperatives
The Effect of Using E-Learning Based Guided Discovery Learning Model Based on Self-Efficacy Towards Student Learning Outcomes In Biology Class in Reproductive System Subject in High School
Authors: Atiyah Umu , Miarsyah Mieke , Sigit Diana Vivanti
Published: November 2021

Guided Discovery Learning is a learning model that is considered capable of improving student learning outcomes while Self-efficacy is self-confidence in an individual’s abilities. This study aims to determine the effect of guided discovery learning model and self-efficacy towards student learning outcomes in biology class. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental. This study has a sample of 200 students from 256 students. The technique used is Cluster random sampling. The instruments used are multiple choices and questionnaire. Data from the three variables are analysed using the Two-Way ANOVA Test and the Tukey Test, at a significance level of 0.005. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that Guided Discovery Learning model and an individual’s self-efficacy can improve student learning outcomes. Both Guided Discovery Learning model and self-efficacy can improve student learning outcomes and have positive interactions between the two variables. The implications of this study are as a basis for increasing the use of learning models using technology, and teachers as educators are able to encourage students to improve self-efficacy.
Development by Apply Problem Based Learning Models to Increase Students Creativity of State Vocational High School 1 Cerme
Authors: Satriawati Asti , Nurlaela Luthfiyah , Munoto Munoto , Rijanto Tri
Published: November 2021

This study is a research on the development of devices in basic culinary subjects by applying a problem based learning models to increase students’ creativity, consisting of: 1) analysis the validity of the device, 2) analysis the practicality of the device, and 3) analysis the effectiveness of the device. This research was conducted in three stages of the 4-D model, which are defined, design, and develop. A device that have been developed will be tested in 10th Culinary Art 1 and 10th Culinary Art 2 grade of state vocational high school 1 Cerme in even semester of academic year 2019/2020 with by using a research design of One Group Pre-test Post-test Design Learning tools developed include: syllabus, lesson plans scenario, student book, worksheet and key worksheet, affective (social skills), affective (character behavior), cognitive (product), cognitive (process), cognitive (scientific creativity), and psikomotor. The results showed that (a) learning tools that are developed are valid, (b) the learning process runs well, (c) student creativity learning outcomes produce an increase in the high category.
Analysis of Learning Motivation on Students Activities of Package C Equality Program in Nganjuk District
Authors: Eriyanto Moh. Ghoizi , Roesminingsih Maria Veronika , Soedjarwo Soedjarwo
Published: November 2021

McClelland's theory of motivation focuses on three needs, namely the need for achievement, the need for power, and the need for affiliation. This study method uses quantitative research with descriptive method. This study aims to determine whether learning motivation has an effect on student activity. Sources of research data were obtained from 3 PKBM institutions in Nganjuk Regency. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis to determine the activity of the experimental and control classes. Active Observation (Psychomotor and Oral Activities) the average activity value reached 85.23%. This percentage is included in the very good category. The t-test calculation of the activeness score shows tcount > ttable. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of learning motivation on the activity of students in PKBM Nganjuk Regency.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA FOCUSKY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA SUBMATERI PEMISAHAN CAMPURAN
Authors: Apriliantika Elsye , Enawati Eny , Masriani Masriani , Melati Husna Amalya , Ulfah Maria
Published: November 2021

This research is based on the problems experienced in schools, namely the problems of the learning media used. This research uses a quasi-experimental form, namely a quasi-experimental design research and the design used is a non-equivalent control group design. This study was to determine the comparison of learning outcomes between classes using Focusky media and classes using PowerPoint media at SMP Negeri 21 Pontianak in Mixed Separation SubMaterial and to know the impact of using Focusky Media on the learning outcomes of seventh grade students at SMP Negeri 21 Pontianak. The research sample was 57 students consisting of 28 students in class VII B, namely the control class and 29 students in class D, the experimental class. Based on the results obtained, the value of the experimental class is greater than the control class. For statistical analysis, the pretest data used a t-test and showed that there were still differences in the pretest results in the two classes with a sig. (2- tailed) value of 0.001 so that the N-Gain test was carried out, obtained a value of 0.48 and was in the medium category. The effect size value shows a value of 46, 78, the results are categorized as moderate so that Focusky media-assisted learning is efficient in increasing student learning outcomes.
Mariologia w ujęciu teologii wyzwolenia
Authors: Gardocki Dariusz
Published: November 2021

Artykuł poświęcony jest przedstawieniu mariologii opracowanej przez teologię wyzwolenia, która ujmuje rozważania o Maryi w perspektywie wyzwoleńczej. Perspektywa ta zakłada przyjęcie pewnych założeń typu antropologicznego i hermeneutycznego, które odsłaniają nowość mariologii wyzwolenia w stosunku do mariologii tradycyjnej i jednocześnie ukierunkowują jej refleksję, która ma charakter nie tylko teoretyczny, lecz także prorocki i wyzwoleńczy, a przez to praktyczny i społeczny. Dlatego w pierwszym i drugim punkcie niniejszego artykułu zostają omówione wspomniane założenia antropologiczne i hermeneutyczne proponowane przez mariologię opracowywaną przez teologię wyzwolenia. W trzecim punkcie mowa jest o hymnie Magnificat, który zajmuje szczególne miejsce w mariologii teologii wyzwolenia – zostanie ukazany społeczny i wyzwolicielski wymiar tegoż hymnu. Ostatni natomiast punkt poświęcony jest proponowanej przez teologię wyzwolenia interpretacji dogmatów maryjnych, której celem jest przemyślenie na nowo tych dogmatów i ujęcie ich w kluczu eklezjalnym i pastoralnym właściwym dla Kościoła w Ameryce Łacińskiej. Chodzi tu o oparcie ich na opcji preferencyjnej na rzecz ubogich, przyjętej przez Kościół latynoamerykański za opcję zasadniczą. Artykuł pokazuje, że teologia wyzwolenia w swoim opracowaniu mariologii nie zatrzymuje się ani też nie koncentruje się wyłącznie na teoretycznym wyjaśnieniu tego, co Pismo Święte i wiara Kościoła mówi na temat Maryi, lecz stara się pokazać bardziej praktyczny i społeczny wymiar mariologii. Po drugie – mariologia wyzwolenia podkreśla prawdę o tym, iż Bóg staje po stronie ubogich i nic nieznaczących, do których należy także Maryja, i nie usprawiedliwia istniejącego w świecie ucisku, wyzysku i zniewolenia. Po trzecie – że widzi ona w Maryi prorokinię strącenia i poniżenia potężnych oraz wywyższenia ubogich i wyzyskiwanych (por. Łk 1, 52). Po czwarte – że dowartościowuje Maryję jako kobietę, która towarzyszy ludziom w ich życiu i angażuje się na rzecz sprawiedliwości i pokoju w świecie, przez co staje się Ona wzorem na rzecz angażowania się ludzi, w sposób szczególny zaś kobiet, w życie społeczne.
Teologia Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny w ujęciu Jacka Bolewskiego SJ
Authors: Kubacki Zbigniew
Published: November 2021

Ojciec Jacek Bolewski (1946-2012) – to z pewnością jeden z najwybitniejszych polskich mariologów przełomu XX i XXI w. Jego dorobek na tym obszarze jest imponujący. Ujmując od strony metodologicznej mariologiczną twórczość Bolewskiego, należy wskazać na jej cztery zasadnicze źródła. Pierwszym źródłem, zwłaszcza u początków twórczości, była teologia Karla Rahnera. Drugim źródłem mariologicznej twórczości Bolewskiego, które z czasem stało się pierwszoplanowe, była Biblia. Trzecie istotne źródło mariologii polskiego jezuity stanowiła pobożność maryjna, szczególne intuicje maryjne św. Maksymiliana Marii Kolbego, następnie dogmaty maryjne oraz wizje maryjne: Guadalupe, Rue du Bac, Lourdes, Fatima. Ostatnim, czwartym i w sumie najnowszym źródłem inspiracji twórczości Jacka Bolewskiego, była myśl sofiologiczna Sergieja Bułgakowa. Najważniejszym tematem mariologicznym w twórczości Jacka Bolewskiego był dogmat o Niepokalanym Poczęciu Najświętszej Marii Panny. W dogmacie tym szukał pogłębienia treści odnoszącej się nie tylko do Maryi, ale również światła skierowanego na każdego człowieka, zwłaszcza na ludzki początek i na ludzkie dopełnienie, światła odnoszącego się do człowieka jako jednostki, jak i do całej ludzkości jako Eklezja. W tym kontekście pojawia się pojęcie „łaski pierworodnej”, która jest obecną w każdym człowieku łaską stworzenia wszystkiego w Jezusie Chrystusie. W dogmacie o Niepokalanym Poczęciu NMP Bolewski szukał światła rzuconego na misterium samego Boga. W teologicznej refleksji nad misterium Boga w świetle Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP Bolewski wychodzi od intuicji św. Maksymiliana Marii Kolbego, który, medytując nad słowami objawienia w Lourdes: „Jestem Niepokalane Poczęcie”, doszedł do przekonania, że „Niepokalane Poczęcie jest imieniem Ducha Świętego”. Takie też jest stanowisko Bolewskiego.
Herezje trynitarne – wczoraj i dziś
Authors: Kubacki Zbigniew
Published: November 2021

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie zależności teologii Trójcy Świętej od chrystologii. Widać to już, analizując rozwój doktryny chrześcijańskiej w epoce Nowego Testamentu. Prawdziwe jest to także dla rozwoju doktryny i teologii chrześcijańskiej w kolejnych wiekach. Także w czasach współczesnych. Opierając się na analizach francuskiego egzegety i dominikanina, Marie-Emile’a Boismarda, w pierwszym punkcie artykułu jest pokazane, że obecne w Nowym Testamencie formuły, w których występują imiona Ojca, Syna i Ducha Świętego, mogą być nazwane „formułami trynitarnymi” jedynie wówczas, gdy Boże synostwo Jezusa Chrystusa rozumiane jest nie na sposób adopcjonistyczny, ale rzeczywisty, ontologiczny. W punkcie drugim artykułu przedstawimy, że wspólną cechą dwóch najważniejszych herezji trynitarnych z przeszłości – modalizmu i arianizmu – było zaprzeczenie doświadczenia wiary apostolskiej, że jakim Bóg objawił się w ekonomii zbawienia, taki jest sam w sobie, czyli że Trójca ekonomiczna jest Trójcą immanentną. Tę samą negację odnajdujemy u niektórych współczesnych teologów chrześcijańskich związanych z tzw. opcją pluralistyczną teologii religii. Zaczynają oni od reinterpretacji jedyności i powszechności zbawczej Jezusa Chrystusa, a kończą na odmiennej od przyjętej przez Tradycję Kościoła koncepcji Boga chrześcijan jako Trójcy Świętej. W punkcie trzecim artykułu omówione są poglądy dwóch z nich: Johna Hicka i Rogera Haighta.
Synostwo Boże ludzi jako istota zbawienia
Authors: Gardocki Dariusz
Published: November 2021

Podstawowym celem zbawienia w chrześcijańskim rozumieniu jest „zbawienie do”, czyli doprowadzenie człowieka do osiągnięcia przez niego celu, dla którego został stworzony przez Boga. Celem tym jest bycie synem Bożym, dziedzicem Boga i współdziedzicem Chrystusa (por. Rz 8,16). Drugorzędnym zaś celem zbawienia jest usunięcie wszystkich przeszkód, które uniemożliwiają człowiekowi osiągnięcie podstawowego celu i przeznaczenia jego życia. Dlatego zbawienie przyjmuje także postać „zbawienia/wyzwolenia od”, co stało się konieczne od momentu popełnienia przez pierwszych rodziców grzechu, którego skutkiem jest rozminięcie się człowieka z właściwym celem, dla którego Bóg go stworzył. Tym, który umożliwia człowiekowi na nowo urzeczywistnienie jego odwiecznego przeznaczenia, jest Jezus Chrystus. Chrystus pokazuje nam także, że prawdziwym źródłem wolności człowieka jest „zachowywanie przykazań Ojca i trwanie w Jego miłości” (Rz 15,10). W artykule omówiono najpierw chrześcijańskie rozumienie zbawienia i grzechu. Następnie mowa jest o Jezusie jako wzorze człowieka prawdziwie wolnego i o tym, w czym wyraża się Jego wolność. W końcu zostaje wskazany cel zbawienia człowieka, jakim jest „przebóstwienie” i usynowienie człowieka przez Boga.
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL WISDOM IN THE HEALTH TOURISM INDUSTRY
Authors: Ramanauskas Julius , Banevicius Sarunas
Published: November 2021

Health tourism is when patients travel to another state (or within a country) to improve or restore health (Hudson and Li, 2012). Recent studies show that health care spending is on the rise, averaging around 9 percent of GDP in OECD countries, and that the right balance needs to be struck between spending on disease prevention and treatment. Assessing the problem field of the health tourism industry and the current situation, the following key problems are identified: lack of communication and support between health tourism policy makers and health tourism organizations; lack of a culture of cooperation and organizational partnership between the public and private sectors; lack of strategic planning; gaps in the targeted distribution of responsibilities between actors in the health tourism network; resistance of the public and private sector to change. Thus, the article solves the problem – how to ensure the effective application of the principles of organizational wisdom in the health tourism industry? According to the authors, it is expedient for the organizations involved in this complex field of tourism to base their activities on the principles of organizational wisdom. The aim of the article is to propose the application of the principles of organizational wisdom in the health tourism industry. For the systematic review, scientific articles were searched in databases: Cambridge Journals Online; EBSCO; Emerald Publishing; SAGE Journals Online; Science direct; Taylor & Francis. The scientific articles included in the systematic review cover the period 1999-2020. The following methods are used to present the results of the research: comparative analysis, synthesis, graphical representation and generalization. The study identified the following essential principles of organizational wisdom that are appropriate to adapt in the health tourism industry: transformational leadership; organizational culture, management structure and teamwork; recognition of environmental change and rapid and effective response to it; systemic thinking; interaction between different organizations that can lead to high-quality solutions (innovation); the ability to accumulate organizational memory to compare past and present situations and decisions made. The authors in the article substantiate the opinion that the sustainability of the application of these principles depends on the mechanism of organizational partnership in organizing / creating health tourism cooperative. Such an organization has: a balanced structure and clearly defined roles and responsibilities of participants; long-term commitments are matched by specific short-term objectives that can be measured; periodic evaluation of the effectiveness of the role played by each partner; accurate and effective communication between partners and all stakeholders.
MULTIPLICATIVE EFFECTS OF HYBRID THREATS*
Authors: Mazaraki Anatolii , Kalyuzhna Nataliya , Sarkisian Larysa
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to develop methodological approaches to assess the likelihood of multiplicative effects of hybrid threat combinations based on their systematization according to the key areas of hybrid confrontation. Methodology. Methods of analysis and synthesis are used to identify the key areas of hybrid confrontation; methods of abstraction and generalization - to justify the multiplicative effects of implementing combinations of hybrid threats; method of mathematical modeling – to formalize the criterion of effectiveness of various hybrid aggression tools. The research is based on scientific publications, materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and European analytical services. Results of the study. It has been proved that the transformation of modern interstate conflicts takes place in the direction of acquiring by them signs of hybridization, provided that it is understood as a process of using various means of pressure, predominantly of non-military nature. It is argued that the urgent task in the context of counteracting hybrid threats is to assess the probability of multiplicative effects from the implementation of their combinations. The military, economic and information spheres have been identified as key dimensions of the hybrid confrontation. The specifics of hybrid threats in the economic sphere are those that would allow the country initiating the aggression to disguise its participation in the conflict, and the target country to obtain critical resources for the development of its economic system. The essence of synergy and cumulation effects is considered and their interpretation in the coordinates of hybrid warfare is given. The relevant effects are defined as multiplicative, that is, those that have a multiplier effect, providing accumulation (accumulation) and synergy (amplification) from the implementation of threats in different areas of hybrid confrontation. Practical implications. Assessing the likelihood of the multiplier effect of a variety of hybrid threats will focus on countering those combinations of threats that can have a significant impact on the political and economic system of the state of hybrid aggression. Value/originality. Justification and formalization of conditions for obtaining multiplicative (cumulative and synergistic) effects from the use of various hybrid confrontation tools.
CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS OF INDICATORS OF EXPORT, IMPORT, AND ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION IN LATVIA. WIND POWER CONSUMPTION CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS
Authors: Silinevicha Veronica
Published: November 2021

Energy markets with high penetration rates of renewables are more likely to face price fluctuations or volatility, which is in part due to the stochastic nature of renewables. Latvia's electricity market is an excellent example of such a market, as more than 40% of Latvia's electricity generation comes from hydropower, which challenges the projected spot electricity prices for Latvia's electricity market. The article identifies trends in the natural and value indicators of total exports, imports, total currency turnover and electricity consumption in Latvia with a more detailed study of the characteristics and trends of electricity consumption indicators from renewable resources for the period 2014, 2015 - 2019. In addition, wind power utilization rates were considered both for the observed period as a whole and on a monthly basis for 2019. In general, the results of the study confirm the feasibility of Latvia's plans to increase both total electricity consumption and its share from renewable sources. At the same time, the coronavirus pandemic has already begun to lead to negative consequences for electricity consumption in EU countries, which have so far affected Latvia to a lesser extent. Nevertheless, these consequences will inevitably lead to an adjustment of Latvia's electricity plans towards an increase in the share of production and consumption of electricity from renewable sources, including wind energy, despite its upward price trend. The author with employment of the tools Excel Trendline obtains trends of indicators, approximating formulae dependencies and the coefficients of determination for the relevant diagrams and charts.