bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Boosting Performance of Transfer Learning Model for Diagnosis of COVID-19 from Computer Tomography Scans
Authors: KARAMAN Onur
Published: May 2021

Early-stage rapid and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia is of great importance as a measure to the fight against the pandemic. Even if real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test seems like a gold standard for determining COVID-19, the availability and the accuracy is still a challenge. Thus, alternative diagnostic techniques are required for controlling the spreading of the disease. Amongst the radiodiagnostic methods, the computer tomography (CT) technique is one of the most powerful candidates for screening COVID-19 pneumonia accurately. In this study, it is aimed to develop a reliable transfer learning-based CNN model tailored to detect the COVID-19 from chest CT scans with high accuracy and sensitivity to help to accelerate the application of the required treatment and taking of measures. The CT scan dataset used in the training process of the CNN model was obtained from “SARS-CoV-2 CT-Scan Dataset”. This dataset contains 1252 CT scans for positive COVID-19 case and 1230 CT scans for the non-COVID-19 case, 2482 CT scans in total, all data have been collected from real patients from hospitals in Sao Paulo, Brazil. ResNet18, ResNet50, VGG16, AlexNet, and SqueezeNet1_1 architectures were re-trained to extract COVID-19 classes by transfer learning. The highest classification performance parameters were obtained for ResNet50 architecture and were calculated as 99.80% accuracy, 99.61 % precision, and 100.00% sensitivity. The activation maps were created to highlight the crucial areas of the CT images and improve causality and intelligibility. The developed transfer learning model can be utilized for reliable clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 cases from CT images to accelerate the triaging and save critical time for disease control as well as assisting the radiologist to validate their initial diagnosis.
A Review on Photonic Crystal Logic Gates
Authors: Pedraza Caballero Luis Eduardo , Vilela Neto Omar Paranaiba
Published: May 2021

We review the most important techniques to build logic devices in photonic crystals. In particular, we evaluated several papers that include different approaches such as self-collimation effects, multi-mode interference, waveguide intersection path and nonlinear effects. We then exploited the advantages and weakness of each method. With the resulting information, we addressed the main challenges and possible applications for each scheme. With this review we expect to improve the development of PhC integrated logic devices and circuits.
O cativeiro da Utopia
Authors: Hinkelammert Franz
Published: May 2021

Quando em 1976 voltei pela primeira vez ao Chile - onde eu vivera dez anos até o golpe militar - realizou-se ali, no Hotel Sheraton, um Seminário que se intitulava “A nova economia política”. Organizado pelos Chicago Boys, que então estavam no poder no Chile, tinha como convidado especial Gordon Tullock, economista americano da escola da “public choice”. Os da antiga economia política eram perseguidos e até mortos ou então se exilavam...
Paul Tillich e a Teologia latino-americana
Authors: Ribeiro Cláudio de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

Paul Tillich (1886-1965) foi um dos mais destacados teólogos deste século. Sua produção teológica e filosófica tem sido objeto de estudos de pessoas renomadas nos campos protestante e católico. A envergadura com a qual Tillich estabeleceu o diálogo com as ciências é motivação suficiente para atestar sua atualidade, assim como exigir os referenciais que produziu para uma ampliação de horizontes da teologia latino-americana...
The semantic spelling notes to the contemporary spelling rules of adverbs (on the adverbs starting with vpol- and the correlated phrases v + vpolX)
Authors: Ivanova O. E.
Published: May 2021

The rules for the spelling of adverbs have their specific character, which consists in their focus on different word groups (sometimes entirely small), distinguished primarily on the basis of word-formation and lexical features. One of such groups includes adverbs starting with vpol-. This article analyzes the use of these words in the contemporary texts, reveals the prevailing standard of their spelling or its absence, and determines the semantic criterion for distinguishing the adverbs and homonymous prepositional and case combinations. The results obtained help in clarifying the spelling rules for adverbs starting with vpol-.
A Cytogenetic Study on Spermophilus Xanthoprymnus (Bennett, 1835) in Isparta Province
Authors: AKSAN Şengül , HEKİMLER ÖZTÜRK Kuyaş , KANKILIÇ Teoman
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to explain the karyological characteristics of S. xanthoprymnus from Gencali in Turkey. The chromosomes of the specimens were traditionally stained and examined according to standard procedures. The chromosomes were determined according to centromere positions by examining the photographs of metaphase cells. The karyotype of S. xanthoprymnus contained 42 chromosomes (2n=42) and fundamental number of chromosomal arms NF=81 and the number of autosomal arms NFa=78. The karyotype includes four metacentric chromosomes ranging from large to small, three pairs of large and medium-sized submetacentric autosome, twelve ranging from large to medium size subtelocentric, and a pair of acrocentric autosomes. The X chromosome was determined as large subtelocentric and Y chromosome as small acrocentric. Due to there is no karyological information and geographical distribution of existentence cytotypes in Turkey, revelation of chromosomal structure in Anatolian ground squirrel populations will provide properly assessment of taxonomy of those rodents in further studies.
Diversity of Pigments in Insects, Their Synthesis and Economic Value for Various Industries
Authors: Bankar Tanuja N. , A. Dar Mudasir , S. Pandit Radhakrishna
Published: May 2021

Pigments play an essential role in imparting colors to the various organs of invertebrates particularly, insects. Genetic evolution and adaptive pigmentation of invertebrates have been studied which depicted that insect colors respond to the climatic changes. The physical, chemical and structural properties of insect pigments are being studied by researchers for years to elucidate their evolutionary aspects of physiology, metabolism, and economic importance for human welfare. Color development in insects varies within the species of different genera. In this state-of-the-art literature review, we discuss the variety of pigments other than visual ones found in different species of insects. The review also highlights the potential benefits or functions of pigments to insects.
Review on effect of dumpsite leachate to the environmental and public health implication
Authors: Ayoola Nike Daniel  , Ike Kenneth Ekeleme  , Chinemerem Martin Onuigbo  , Victor Okezie Ikpeazu  , Smart Obumneme Obiekezie
Published: May 2021

Over the years, there has been an increase in the rate of environmental pollution due to improper disposal and management of dumpsite waste. Leachate being generated as a result of the moisture associated within dumpsite, amount to contain various microbial pathogens and hazardous substance like cyanides, heavy metals and other chemicals acquired from the dumpsite. This can serve as a risk factor to the environment and public health when there is leachate migration. The migration of leachate into the environment potentially results in the contamination of soil, food products, animals, ground water, surface water and the air environment’ which in turn affect the health of human especially those who consumes from the contaminated products, those who inhabits around the dumpsite and other vulnerable like; young children, waste workers and immunocompromised persons. In Nigeria, though there are municipal waste dumpsites across the nation, these sites are below standard and are not properly managed. Being a great concern to the society, the need for proper design and reconstruction of a well-engineered landfill cannot be over emphasized, among others. This paper will therefore review the environmental and public health implication of dumpsite leachate so as to create more awareness on the need for proper waste management in Nigeria. It concludes by recommending some proper means of waste disposal and management which could be considered for a better health and environment in Nigeria.
Giant cell lesions: A diagnostic mystery, case report and review of literature
Authors: Neeti Rajagopalan  , Ramen Sinha  , P Srinivas Reddy  , Afroz Syed  , Anmol Agarwal
Published: May 2021

Giant cell lesions is a broad term encompassing a wide range of lesions that are biologically and morphologically diverse with an uncertain aetiology, whether it is a benign tumour, reactive lesion, inflammatory lesion or a self-healing lesion is ill understood. Their relation to each other also is not very clearly defined as they differ in their clinical and radiographic characteristics and their only similarity is in the histologic finding of non-neoplastic osteoclast like giant cells of different lineage. Owing to this fact their exact diagnosis continues to be one of the most obscure making them a dilemma, leaving many questions regarding their treatment and prognosis unanswered. Here we present a case of Central Giant Cell Tumor that was misdiagnosed as fibrous dysplasia that lead to an elusive treatment plan.
Internal parasites that infected local rabbits
Authors: Hind D Hadi
Published: May 2021

Rabbits are animals affected by many different species of parasites, infection Lead to lower body weight gain compared with non-infected rabbits , while sever infection Lead to death , although rabbits are less likely to develop epidemic diseases, but they are exposed to diseases of care and malnutrition, as well as parasitic diseases . Turning to previous studies that dealt with the spread of internal parasites in rabbits such as (Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Eimeria sp., Cystecercus pisiformis, Passalurus ambiguous). The current study aimed to defined of intestinal parasite in rabbit. Despite, the few of research on this subject for this study of intestinal parasites that Infection of rabbits and suggestion development of a database of studies of internal parasites affecting rabbits.
Potential exploitation of Shea press cakes in glycaemia regulation: Inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase by protein and methanolic extracts
Authors: Silas Elisée Ahouman Djoman  , Boris Abel Kouakou  , Rose-Monde Mégnanou  , Gladys Ginette Doué
Published: May 2021

Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) tree is integrally used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several health disturbances. Its kernels fat is widely exploited for food, medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Nevertheless germinated kernels are considered as waste, whereas shea germinative power would be very high. Their anti-diabetic ability was evaluated in vitro, in ordre to highlight their pharmacological benefits. Therefore, both proteins (crude, digested and dialysed ones) and hydroalcoholic extracts, were prepared from germinated and ungerminated shea seed press cakes. The anti-diabetic essay was carried out by evaluating extracts inhibiting power on both α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Proteins were quantified by spectrophotometry (214 nm). Results revealed that the protein content of the extracts from germinated seed cakes was 450 mg/100 g and that of the extracts from ungerminated shea seed cakes was 410 mg/100 g. The percentage of inhibition of α-amylase by the dialysed extracts of germinated shea seeds, in this case the external dialysate of germinated seed, presented the best rate of inhibition with 30.21 %. Contrary to the percentage of inhibition of α-amylase, the highest rates of inhibition of α-glucosidase were recorded with the crude protein extracts of sprouted seeds (82.02 %) and unsprouted seeds (62.32 %). For methanolic extracts, the highest inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase was recorded by the ungerminated seeds, with 42.61% for α-amylase and 97.47% for α-glucosidase. These results show that protein extracts of shea seed cakes may play a role in blood glucose regulation.
Psycho-social determinants and magnitude of public health problems of psoriasis in Bangladesh
Authors: Mohammad Samiul Huq  , Abu Hena Chowdhury  , Towhida Noor  , Saleheen Huq
Published: May 2021

Background: Numerous studies have analyzed the influence of psoriasis on the quality of life and psychological health of patients. 0nly few studies have addressed the effect of the disease on individuals and cohabitants of psoriatic patients in developing countries, none in Bangladesh. Objective: To assess the clinical severity, the physical and psychosocial disability and to analyze their interrelationship in psoriasis patients and cohabitants. Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted. The study included patients and cohabitants. The questionnaire was administered to the patient. Their quality of life was measured with the Psoriasis Disability index (PDI) and Family Dermatology Life Quality index (FDLQI), and their psychological state with Psoriasis life stress inventory (PLSI). The clinical severity by psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score. Appropriate test conducted using SPSS software. Result: 225 patients (138 males, 87 female) were included in the study. The clinical PASI scores correlated significantly with the over all physical disability PDI (<0.0001), stress incurred PLSI (<0.0001), FDLQI (<0.0001) and individual aspects of the PDI. The higher the PASI index, the higher the PDI, PLSI and FDLQI scores, which indicated greater impact on QOL. Among the physical and psychological factors analyzed, daily activity, employment, leisure and treatment were reported to be affected the most. Relative of female patients worries most. Conclusion: Psoriasis markedly worsens the global well-being of patients and their cohabitants, who experienced an impairment of their quality of life and higher levels of anxiety and depression.
Does surface treatment of demineralized dentin impact on shear bond strength?
Authors: Fatemeh Rezaei  , Atefeh Nemati-Karimooy  , Horieh Moosavi
Published: May 2021

Aim: This study investigated the effect of various surface treatments on the bond strength of a universal adhesive to demineralized dentin. Materials and Methods: Human dentin surfaces of forty-eight carries-free maxillary premolars were prepared and demineralized by acidic solutions. Teeth were randomly distributed into four groups (n=12) getting different surface treatments. Three minutes application of a CPP‑ACP (group 1), Er: YAG laser irradiation (group 2), Er: YAG laser irradiation combined with three minutes application of CPP‑ACP (group 3), no treatment (group 4). Thereafter composite tube (Filtek TM Ultimate, 3M ESPE) bonded to the testing surfaces via universal adhesive; Single Bond Universal and the Shear Bond Strength (SBS) measured. Data were analyzed utilizing ANOVA and Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results: Only application of CPP-ACP and Er: YAG laser radiation, resulted in the highest and lowest SBS respectively (p<0.001). Bond strength after irradiation of Er: YAG laser combined with three minutes application of CPP‑ACP was a little more than laser alone. Conclusion: The application of CPP-ACP could increase the SBS of universal adhesives used to demineralized dentin. Laser irradiation application has an adverse effect on SBS.
Investigation of thermal processes in hydrogen-oxygen steam generators of kilowatt power class
Authors: Schastlivtsev A. I. , Molotov I. M. , Borzenko V. I.
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE. Testing of a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator (HOSG) of the kilowatt power class for the study of heat and mass transfer processes. METHODS. At the first stage, the technological system of diagnostics and control was considered, with the help of which preliminary tests were carried out. According to the results of which the structural elements of the HOSG were modernized. Further, at the second stage, an automated process control system was created, which ensured the conduct of multi-mode tests of the HOSG. RESULTS. The design of the HOSG showed its efficiency. The changes in the cooling water flow rate, pressure and temperature in the evaporation chamber during multi-mode tests are presented, as well as the generalized results of experimental studies, which show the dependence of the steam temperature on the mass fraction of water at different coefficients of the excess oxidizer.

CONCLUSION. During the preliminary tests, the development of upgraded components of the HOSG was carried out, ensuring an increase in the efficiency of its operation. The created automated control system made it possible to successfully conduct subsequent multi-mode tests with two different types of cameras. The indicators of unreacted hydrogen are comparable to those already achieved in existing devices. The characteristic transition times from mode to mode show compliance with the requirements for creating autonomous power plants based on renewable energy sources.
The usage of probabilistic assessment for cost calculations of using NPP with hydrogen industrial production
Authors: Kolbantcev Yu. A. , Konyushin M. V. , Kalyutik A. A.
Published: May 2021

THE PURPOSE. This study focused on the probability of construction of dual – purpose nuclear-hydrogen unit for cogeneration of hydrogen and electricity with nuclear power reactor VVER-1200 based on AES-2006 project. METHODS. The aim of the study is the probation of the IAEA calculation method originated for sea water desalination unit using nuclear power plant as an energy source, but with a view to same time production of high-quality hydrogen and electricity concerning the ecological issues of hydrogen generation. In particular, the method was used for probabilistic assessment of single-purpose NPP unit and dual-purpose nuclear-hydrogen unit. The supposed result of the study was construction of special building for the electrolytic process purposes. The ground location of the building was out of the main building area. The special building should consist of electrolytic units, technological water feed and removal pipelines, tanks for hydrogen and other service equipment. RESULTS. The paper introduced the theoretical possibility of hydrogen production on the rate up to 1,927∙108 m3/year in the case of full-time basis operation of 50 hydrogen units. The rate of produced hydrogen corresponds to 18,53% of inner Russian market hydrogen needs. In this case the electricity cost factor was 0,097 $/kW∙hr, the cost factor of higher quality hydrogen was 0,956 $/m3. The paper introduced the prime cost comparison of produced hydrogen according to hydrogen units total capacity and arrangement demands. CONCLUSION. This method has the limits of applicability, but in our case, it can be used to calculate key economic factors of the project and to analyze the validation of the energy source and the hydrogen unit size.
Prospective metal hydride hydrogen storage and purification technologies
Authors: Blinov D. V. , Borzenko V. I. , Bezdudny A. V. , Kuleshov N. V.
Published: May 2021

To develop metal hydride reactors for storage and purification hydrogen of various types. Integrate metal hydride hydrogen storage and purification devices with a fuel cell (FC) and an electrolyzer with a solid polymer electrolyte. METHODS. For the melting of samples of intermetallic compounds (IMC), the method of melting in an electric arc furnace with a non-consumable tungsten electrode on a water-cooled copper crystallizer in an argon atmosphere is used. The study of the integral characteristics of metal hydride devices and the study of the processes during the extraction of hydrogen from a mixture of gases is carried out using thermal mass flow meters and a thermoconductometric gas analyzer. RESULTS. The results of the development and creation of metal hydride reactors for the storage and purification of hydrogen of various types are presented. The results of experimental studies of the system integration of metal hydride reactors, fuel cells, and an electrolyzer are presented. CONCLUSION. The accumulation of energy in hydrogen makes it possible to use the lowest possible gas pressure in the reactor, thereby obtaining the maximum safety during operation of the device, as well as avoiding mandatory safety certification and training of personal personnel on working with high-pressure cylinders. The use of the metal hydride method of flow purification shows high rates of hydrogen extraction for subsequent accumulation and use in the fuel cell at high volume hydrogen contents in the mixture (≥10% vol.), while the method of periodic evacuation of accumulated impurities is most effective at low hydrogen contents in the mixture (<10% vol.). Experimental power plants H>2Bio and H2Smart with an electric power of 200 W and 1 kW are developed, the results of the main operating modes of power plants are presented.
Research of the application of hydrogen as a fuel to improve energy and environmental performance of gas turbine plants
Authors: Sultanov M. M. , Kuryanova E. V.
Published: May 2021

THE PURPOSE. To consider various variants of thermal schemes of power plants and to assess the main technical and economic parameters. The article presents the results of the development of schemes of electric power plants with a capacity of up to 100 kW with a steam-generating hydrogen-oxygen plant for modeling and selecting effective options for thermal schemes of microgeneration power plants at the stage of design and development of energy systems. METHODS. The analysis of the proposed variants of thermal schemes with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator, including circuit solutions of micro-gas turbine installations with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator, a scheme of a steam-gas installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator and intermediate steam superheating, a scheme of a steam-turbine installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator, a scheme of a steam-turbine installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator and a single-stage intermediate steam superheating, is performed, the scheme of a steam turbine installation with a hydrogen-oxygen steam generator and an intermediate superheat of steam and a steam cooler. RESULTS. A variant of the thermal scheme is proposed, which will allow determining the approach to estimating the fuel component of the production cost of heat and electricity for domestic power plants. The article describes a chemical method for producing hydrogen under laboratory conditions in hydrogen generators based on the hydrolysis of a solid reagent-aluminum-in a reaction vessel, in which the contact of aluminum particles occurs in the liquid phase of an aqueous solution of caustic soda. A feature of the proposed method is the possibility of regulating the flow rates in the supply lines of an aqueous suspension of aluminum and an aqueous solution of caustic soda, which can significantly improve the quality of regulation and reduce the cost of operating such systems. To a large extent, the creation of such systems becomes possible if there is a demand for the generated electrical energy, which determines the need to ensure high values of technical and economic indicators of the operation of power plants. CONCLUSHION. Calculated estimates have shown that the specific consumption of conventional fuel for the production of electric energy by microgeneration systems based on gas turbine units with a hydrogen generator with a capacity of 5-100 kW ranges from 0.098 to 0.117 kg/kWh.
INFLUENCE OF LONG FERTILIZERS APPLICATION IN A WHEAT SOWINGS ON MEADOW CHERNOZEM-LIKE SOIL’S MICROFLORA
Authors: Sinegovskaya V. T. , Banetskaya Е. V.
Published: May 2021

The results of meadow chernozem-like soil a microbial complexes structure studying in dynamics according to the wheat development phases under the influence and after effect of fertilizers are presented. The studies were carried out in the soil of a long-term stationary field experiment under wheat sowings varieties Aryuna in 2014, 2016–2018. An increase in the total number of microorganisms relative to the control was revealed: by 75% with prolonged application of nitrogen fertilizers only, 40 – nitrogen-phosphorus, 43% – nitrogen-phosphorus in combine with manure. In the meadow chernozem-like soil under conditions of long-term systemic fertilizers application, bacteria using mineral sources of nitrogen predominated it indicates a high intensity of mineralization processes, which slightly decreased under the fertilizers influence. The peak of these processes during the application of fertilizers was detected in the steam-extention phase, and with aftereffect – in the phase of tillering of wheat. With the mineral nitrogen in a N30 dose application the greatest total positive effect was noted in the system with long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers only, while the greatest reaction was in ammonifying bacteria and actinomycetes. A close correlation has been established between the yield and the total number of microorganisms in the phase of tillering of wheat under the action of fertilizers.
SOIL AND SUBSOIL WATERS (TOP WATER) IN THE STONE STEPPE CHERNOZEMIC SOILS
Authors: Isaev V. А. , Belobrov V. P. , Yudin S. А. , Voronin А. Ya. , Fomin D. S. , Ermolaev N. R. , Dukhanin Yu. А. , Иванов А. L. , Cheverdin Yu. I. , Bespalov V. А.
Published: May 2021

Upper groundwater level (verhovodka) is considered as one of the factors of soil waterlogging associated with both the natural features of the territory and anthropogenic impact. On the case of one of the watershed areas of the steppe, where many years of scientific research are being conducted to assess the minimization of agrotechnical methods of cultivation of agricultural crops, a soil-geomorphological profile 1 km long was studied on which 8 wells were drilled, to a depth of groundwater with water sampling for salinity and chemical composition. The results showed that there are no visual signs of gleying in the profile of chernozems, the groundwater level correlates with the daytime surface of the relief, and in the soil-ground layer at depths of 2.0-3.9 m there is a horizon of "chocolate" clay, which forms a local aquiclude. Sulphate-sodium composition of fresh waters potentially dangerous for the salinization of chernozems at a high level of GWL (ground water level). Verhovodka  is important to desalinating groundwater located above the confining layer, playing the role of a local factor of desalinization of the soil-ground layer of sediments.Since 2009, in the Kamennaya Steppe, according to the data of the main hydrogeological well No. 1, the GWL is constantly at a depth of over 7 m, which characterizes the beginning of the next natural-anthropogenic aridization. In conditions of a lack of surface moisture, no-till techniques should be recommended as a factor in reducing evaporation and moisture accumulation in the steppe chernozems.
EFFECTIVENESS OF IODINOL IN COMBINATION WITH SUCCINIC ACID AT RISK OF DEVELOPING FATTY HEPATOSIS IN COWS
Authors: Evglevskiy А. А. , Skira V. N.
Published: May 2021

In this report, we present the results of injecting an iodometabolic composition based on the well-known veterinary drug yodinol in combination with succinic acid during the predicted periods of risk of developing fatty hepatosis in lactating cows. The results of the post-slaughter examination indicate that fatty liver degeneration is detected in about 80% of culled cows. The main cause of fatty liver degeneration in lactating cows is the intensive involvement of the body's own fat reserves in the energy metabolism. With the intensive involvement of fats in the energy processes, some of them do not have time to be metabolized and are deposited in the liver cells, which leads to a liver coma and the death of cows. Theoretical basis for the application of iodotyrosines composition for the prevention of fatty liver was the experimental research of scientists of Institute of Biophysics on the assessment of the effectiveness of succinates activation energy metabolism. They found that succinic acid and its succinate salts increase the detoxification and metabolic activity of the liver tenfold. Exogenously administered succinic acid, even in absolutely low dosages, nevertheless provides an atypically high metabolic effect, in particular, to increase the oxygen consumption of liver cells by 60 times. According to the results of clinical trials, it was found that the injectable use of this composition provided a pronounced correction of pathobiochemical processes in high-yielding cows under conditions of intensive involvement of their own body lipids in energy processes. This had a positive impact on the health and safety of the cows.
Analysis of the last 10 years of articles and theses on authentic learning: A meta analysis study
Authors:   Computer Programming Department, Kazım Karabekir Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey, Yıldız Ezgi Pelin
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research is to examine articles and thesis studies in the field of authentic learning approaches and applications in education in the last 10 years and to reveal the trends in this context. In the methodology part of the research, meta-analysis method was used. Meta-analysis studies refers to the critical review and integration of the findings of seperate studies. For the purpose of the study, a total of 111 pieces of research, published between 2010 and 2021 and selected by purposeful sampling method were analyzed. Databases used in this research are Eric, IEEE Xplore, Ebsco, Springer, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Sciences. Authentic learning approaches and applications in education throughout the world were examined under 16 criteria. These criteria were databases, journal name, year of publication, country, institute, number of authors, research area, method, education level, number of sample, data collection method, number of references, analysis techniques, research trends. These data were interpreted based on percentage and frequency. As a result, authentic learning approaches and applicationare integrated in many fields such as ICT, engineering, network learning technology, nursing, curriculum and instruction, geography, medicine and more.
The Effect of Injection Parameters on Fuel Consumption and Emissions in A PFI Small Spark Ignition Engine
Authors: DEMİRCİ Abdurrahman , DOĞAN Hüseyin , CİHAN Ömer , KUTLAR Akın
Published: May 2021

Mixture formation in port fuel spark ignition engines is one of the most im-portant parameters, which affect combustion and emissions. In this study, the ef-fects of different injection start timings and some other port fuel injection (PFI) parameters on the performance and emissions of a water cooled and single cylin-der spark ignition engine were examined experimentally. The experiments were performed at different engine speeds (1200 and 1500 rpm for effect of injection pressure and 1500 rpm for changing injection timings) and different engine loads (3 bar and 5 bar for injection pressure and 1 bar and 5 bar for start of injection). The start of injection was chosen according to intake pressure measurements. The experiment results showed that brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions are increased by the increase of the injection pressure. Because with the increase of injection pressure, the fuel can reach the intake manifold wall or intake valve. Therefore, the fuel enters the cylinder as a droplet. Different start of injection experiments showed that injection times have an effect on emissions and performance. The minimum brake specific fuel con-sumption and THC values were obtained at -243 °CA value of injection start. The twice injection in one cycle increased brake specific fuel consumption and THC emissions.
Instrumental Works from the Library of the Royal Conservatories, Brussels
Authors: Brehy Petrus Hercules
Published: May 2021

Brussels native Petrus Hercules Brehy (1673–1737) composed twelve sonatas for two violins, viola, basso viola, and continuo around 1715–22, and two sonatas for five instruments and continuo approximately ten years later, all during his tenure as zangmeester of the Collegiate Church of SS. Michael and Gudula. Since 1929 the autograph manuscripts have been conserved at the Library of the Royal Conservatories of Music, Brussels. Unlike Brehy's earlier symphonias, these were not published during his lifetime and were written to be played by a mix of professional musicians, able clerics, and older choirboys. Six of the twelve sonatas for four instruments and continuo reflect the earlier polyphonic ensemble sonata da chiesa of the late seventeenth century, four feature the violin in more flamboyant soloistic passagework, and two contain elements of both idioms. The two sonates à 5 are consistent with the late Baroque international style. All the sonatas in this volume reflect the somewhat conservative religious style of a Habsburg Empire territory capital during the early eighteenth century.
Social robots to test flexibility of human social cognition
Authors: Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

As the field of social robotics has been dynamically growing and expanding over various areas of research and application, in which robots can be of assistance and companionship for humans, this paper offers a different perspective on a role that social robots can also play, namely the role of informing us about flexibility of human mechanisms of social cognition. The paper focuses on studies in which robots have been used as a new type of “stimuli” in psychological experiments to examine whether similar mechanisms of social cognition would be activated in interaction with a robot, as would be elicited in interaction with another human. Analysing studies in which a direct comparison has been made between a robot and a human agent, the paper examines whether for robot agents, the brain re-uses the same mechanisms that have been developed for interaction with other humans in terms of perception, action representation, attention and higher-order social cognition. Based on this analysis, the paper concludes that the human socio-cognitive mechanisms, in adult brains, are sufficiently flexible to be re-used for robotic agents, at least for those that have some level of resemblance to humans.
BIOGRAFI DATU SANGGUL
Authors: Uzhma Muhammad Risalan
Published: May 2021

Biografi adalah riwayat hidup seseorang yang ditulis oleh orang lain. Salah satu contoh dari biografi tokoh yang ada di Kalimantan Selatan adalah biografi Datu Sanggul. Datu Sanggul adalah salah seorang ahli sufi yang lahir pada abad ke 18, dan memiliki tekad yang kuat dalam menuntut ilmu, bahkan sampai ke Kalimantan Selatan dengan mempelajari ilmu kesempurnaan kepada Datu Suban. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang Datu Sanggul yang berasal dari Palembang dalam menuntut ilmu ke Kalimantan Selatan sampai beliau wafat dan dimakamkan di Tatakan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menceritakan dan menjelaskan tentang riwayat hidup Datu Sanggul. Penulisan artikel ini dengan menggunakn metode kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan biografi dari Datu Sanggul. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik wawancara dan studi literatur.
MolMod – an open access database of force fields for molecular simulations of fluids
Authors: Stephan Simon , Horsch Martin T. , Vrabec Jadran , Hasse Hans
Published: May 2021

The MolMod database is presented, which is openly accessible at http://molmod.boltzmann-zuse.de andcontains intermolecular force fields for over 150 pure fluids at present. It was developed and is maintainedby the Boltzmann-Zuse Society for Computational Molecular Engineering (BZS). The set of molecularmodels in the MolMod database provides a coherent framework for molecular simulations of fluids.The molecular models in the MolMod database consist of Lennard-Jones interaction sites, pointcharges, and point dipoles and quadrupoles, which can be equivalently represented by multiple pointcharges. The force fields can be exported as input files for the simulation programmes ms2 and ls1mardyn, GROMACS, and LAMMPS. To characterise the semantics associated with the numericaldatabase content, a force field nomenclature is introduced that can also be used in other contexts inmaterials modelling at the atomistic and mesoscopic levels. The models of the pure substances thatare included in the database were generally optimised such as to yield good representations ofexperimental data of the vapour–liquid equilibrium with a focus on the vapour pressure and thesaturated liquid density. In many cases, the models also yield good predictions of caloric, transport,and interfacial properties of the pure fluids. For all models, references to the original works in whichthey were developed are provided. The models can be used straightforwardly for predictions ofproperties of fluid mixtures using established combination rules. Input errors are a major source oferrors in simulations. The MolMod database contributes to reducing such errors
MENGAJARKAN SEJARAH EROPA PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH EROPA SEBAGAI ILMU
Authors: Parhani Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Judul diatas menggambarkan bahwa sejarah adalah sebuah pembelajaran bukan warisan. Sebab warisan yang bekerja adalah yang mewariskan bukan yang diwariskan. Penerima warisan tidak bekerja, hanya menerima. Tidak jarang sih penerima saling berebut warisan, bahkan menimbulkan konflik internal. Pemerkuat identitas nasional dalam era globalisasi, satu di antaranya melalui sejarah. “jangan lupakan sejarah (Jasmerah)” begitulah ucap almarhum Presiden RI yang pertama, yaitu Soekarno untuk memperkuat pertalian identitas bangsa Indonesia. Ucap Bung Karno itu menyebar hampir ke seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Kata sejarah pun menjadi akrab di telinga orang kebanyakan, sehingga mudah dihapal, tetapi tentunya berbeda pemahaman kata sejarah antara awam dengan kalangan akademis. Pandangan awam tentang sejarah selalu berhubungan dengan mitos, legenda, bahkan terbentuknya alam pun selalu dikaitkan dengan sejarah. Pada dasarnya sejarah adalah satu dari sekian banyak cabang ilmu pengetahuan. Bagitu banyak definisi sejarah, secara subtansi sejarah merupakan sebuah ilmu tentang aktivitas manusia dalam rentang waktu. Dalam konteks ini diartikan, bahwa sejarah umat manusia selalu mengalami dinamika dan perubahan yang terus menerus, sehingga Allah Swt memberhentikan waktu, maka sejarahpun akan berhenti. Banyak sekali sejarah yang harus dicerikan dan disini kami ingin menjelaskan sedikit tentang Sejarah Eropa dimana kami menceritakan Sejarah Romawi, Perkembangan Kesenian Romawi, dan Perkembangan Agama Romawi.Romawi ialah peradaban dunia yang letaknya terpusat di kota Roma masa kini. Peradaban Romawi dikembangkan Suku Latia yang menetap di lembah Sungai Tiber. Suku Latia menamakan tempat tinggal mereka ‘Latium’. Latium merupakan kawasan lembah pegunungan yang tanahnya baik untuk pertanian. Penduduk Latium kemudian disebut bangsa latin. Pada mulanya, di daerah Latium inilah bangsa latin hidup dan berkembang serta menghasilkan peradaban yang tinggi nilainya. Bangsa Romawi mempunyai kepercayaan menyembah para dewa seperti orang-orang di Yunani. Hanya saja dewa-dewa di Romawi berbeda dengan di Yunani. Bangsa Romawi yang semula petani, setelah mengalahkan penguasa Etruskia kemudian menjadi bangsa penguasa besar dengan menaklukan wilayah yang luasa sampai ke Laut Tengah. Bangsa yang semula petani ini kemudian menjadi masyarakat kapitalis dan materialis. Selain sebagai bangsa yang suka dengan perang bangsa Romawi juga mengumpulkan kekayaan sebagai modal usaha. Kebudayaan Romawi merupakan hasil perpaduan dari kebudayaan Yunani dan Etrusia, tanpa ada unsur-unsur dari kebudayaan Romawi sendiri.
Sejarah Modernisasi Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Berbagai Bidang Kehidupan Masyarakat
Authors: Ansyari Rudi Resnawan
Published: May 2021

Modernisasi merupakan perubahan aspek kehidupan yang tadinya dalam keadaan masih tradisional menjadi masyarakat modern. Modernisasi sering disalahartikan sebagai westernisasi dikarenakan secara historis keduanya sama-sama berawal sebagai gerakan dari barat dan sama sebagai proses perubahan dari sesuatu yang dianggap tertinggal menjadi sesuatu yang dianggap lebih maju. Akan tetapi dalam hal proses modernisasi tidak mutlak dalam hal meniru budaya barat. Manusia akan selalu membuat inovasi untuk mempermudah kehidupannya sehingga Modernisasi dapat mencakup berbagai bidang yang sangat luas dan kontak budaya membuat proses modernisasi menjadi lebih cepat dan kompleks, modernisasi tidak hanya mempengaruhi ekonomi, politik sosial, pendidikan atau kesehatan tapi juga mempengaruhi bagaimana pola pikir manusia yang sebelumnya irasional menjadi rasional. Modernisasi juga membuat masyarakat berpikir kritis dan lebih terbuka dengan hal yang baru.
Bayesian Uncertainty Estimation for Gaussian Graphical Models and Centrality Indices
Authors: Jongerling Joran , Epskamp Sacha , Williams Donald Ray
Published: May 2021

In the network approach to psychopathology, psychological constructs are conceptualized as networks of interacting components (e.g., the symptoms of a disorder). In this network view, interest is on the degree to which symptoms influence each other, both directly and indirectly. These direct and indirect influences are often captured with centrality indices, however, the estimation method often used with these networks, the frequentist graphical LASSO (GLASSO), has difficulty estimating (uncertainty in) these measures. Bayesian estimation might provide a solution, as it is better suited to deal with bias in the sampling distribution of centrality indices. This study therefore compares estimation of symptom networks with Bayesian GLASSO- and Horseshoe priors to estimation using the frequentist GLASSO using extensive simulations.Results showed that the Bayesian GLASSO performed better than the Horseshoe, and that the Bayesian GLASSO outperformed the frequentist GLASSO with respect to bias in edge weights, centrality measures, correlation between estimated and true partial correlations, and specificity. Sensitivity was better for the frequentist GLASSO, but performance of the Bayesian GLASSO is usually close. With respect to uncertainty in the centrality measures, the Bayesian GLASSO shows good coverage for strength and closeness centrality, but uncertainty in betweenness centrality is estimated less well.
Does Lower Benefits Incentivize Refugee Naturalization? Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Authors: Jørgensen Frederik Juhl
Published: May 2021

Does lower benefits provide an incentive for refugees to naturalize? I identify the effect of lowering refugees’ benefits on their propensity to naturalize by leveraging quasi-random variation in refugees’ benefit levels induced by a major reform of the Danish social assistance system. The reform sharply reduced social assistance benefits by up to 50 percent for new refugees. I estimate the effect of this decrease in a regression discontinuity design and show that refugees’ propensity to naturalize jumps by about 13½ percentage points at the benefit cutoff. I demonstrate that this marked increase is most likely driven by increased incentives that drive refugees off welfare and into the labor market in the short-term. Moreover, I show that the positive effects on naturalization are concentrated among the most capable refugees who do not face the resource constraints that follow from low education.
Gestión del tiempo y compromiso académico en estudiantes de psicología de la Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019
Authors: Baños-Chaparro Jonatan
Published: May 2021

La investigación tuvo como finalidad conocer la relación entre la gestión del tiempo y el compromiso académico en estudiantes de psicología de la universidad privada norbert wiener. El estudio se ajusta a los lineamientos del método cuantitativo. El tipo de investigación es correlacional y descriptivo, adaptado al planteamiento no experimental y corte transversal. Para la recopilación de la información se utilizó la escala de comportamiento de gestión del tiempo y la escala de compromiso académico. En el estudio participaron voluntariamente 157 mujeres y 52 hombres. Los resultados revelan que la gestión del tiempo y el compromiso académico se correlacionan de manera positiva y estadísticamente significativa (rs = .304, p = 001), como también el vigor (rs = .378, p = 001) y absorción (rs = .286, p = 001), aunque el tamaño del efecto es mínimo. Asimismo, se evidenció que no existe correlación con la dedicación (rs = .109, p = 117). Finalmente, los estudiantes de psicología evidencian niveles moderados de gestión del tiempo (52%) y compromiso académico (55%).
Lying, Deceptive Implicatures, and Commitment
Authors: Wiegmann Alex , Willemsen Pascale , Meibauer Jörg
Published: May 2021

Deceptive implicatures are a subtle communicative device for leading someone into a false belief. However, it is widely accepted that deceiving by means of deceptive implicature does not amount to lying. In this paper, we put this claim to the empirical test and present evidence that the traditional definition of lying might be too narrow to capture the folk concept of lying. Four hundred participants were presented with fourteen vignettes containing utterances that communicate conversational implicatures which the speaker believes to be false. We further collected several potential proxy measures of lying, to get a better understanding of when a deceptive implicature is considered a case of lying. The results indicate that most implicatures (ten out of fourteen) were evaluated as lies and that lie ratings were closely tracked by the degree to which speakers were considered to have committed themselves to the truth of the content conveyed by their deceptive implicatures.