bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Undervisningsevalueringens dilemmaer: kontrol og udvikling – to verdener?
Authors: Andersen Hanne Leth , Ravn Jakob , Colerick Thomas
Published: September 2021

Evalueringspraksisser skifter løbende, og der eksperimenteres med nye tilgan­ge, metoder og procedurer. Artiklens fokus er på dilemmaet imellem kon­trol og udvikling. Der rapporteres fra en undersøgelse af holdninger til forskellige tilgange til evaluering og udbyttet af disse. Undersøgelsen er en kvalitativ undersøgelse baseret på interviews med centrale aktører på forskellige niveauer (ledelse, lærere, studerende, studieledere og institutledere) og dokumentariske studier af materiale, på tre danske universiteter. Vi sammenligner, hvordan forskellige aktører opfatter mål med evaluering, praksis og udbytte. Alle tre tilfælde viser, at ydre krav og forventninger fører til større centralisering og mere standardisering. Selv om ledelsen forsøger at kombinere udvikling og kontrol, sker der ofte en opdeling i to paral­lelle processer. Undersøgelsen dokumenterer, at kombinationen af kontrol og udvikling i den samme undervisningsevaluering er uhensigtsmæssig: Såvel studerende som undervisere mister engagementet og savner mulig­heder for feedback og opfølgning. Det fremgår, at standardisering, centra­lisering og formalisering af undervisningsevalueringer fører til mindre ud­vikling og regnes for mindre nyttigt af såvel undervisere som studerende.  Evaluation practices at Danish universities are changing continuously. There is an ongoing experimentation with new approaches, methods and procedures. Our focus in this article is on evaluation as a balancing act between control and development. We report from an investigation of key stakeholder’s attitudes to different practices and to the outcomes of those practices, having interviewed management, teachers, students, program directors and department heads at three different faculties belonging to three different Danish universities. We compare how the different key stakeholders perceive evaluation objectives, practices and outcomes within and across the three faculties. It seems clear in all three cases that external demands and expectations lead to more centralized initiatives and more standardized procedures. Even though faculty management tries to encompass both development and control objectives in the ongoing teaching evaluations, the division between evaluations for control purposes and evaluations for development purposes are clearly divided into two parallel evaluation structures. The study documents that the combination of control and development into the same teaching evaluation is counterproductive: it neither engages the students nor the teachers, it does not allow for closure of the feedback loop and it does not ensure follow-up. It is therefore suggested that more standardized, centralized and formalized teaching evaluations lead to less development and are thus less useful to both teachers and students.
Hvordan kan kriterier for ph.d.-bedømmelser danne grundlag for ph.d.-uddannelse? Pædagogiske perspektiver af en analyse af 41 ph.d.-bedømmelser fra et humanistisk fakultet
Authors: Rienecker Lotte , Jørgensen Peter Stray
Published: September 2021

Pointen i denne artikel er at indholdet i ph.d.-bedømmelser kan og bør have pædagogiske implikationer for ph.d.-skrivning og ph.d.-vejledning. For at skabe grundlag for sådanne implikationer har vi analyseret 41 ph.d. bedømmelser fra 2009 på Det Humanistiske Fakultet med henblik på at identificere styrker og svagheder i afhandlingerne. Analysen er baseret på international empirisk forskning i ph.d.-bedømmelser. Analysen viste tydelige mønstre i bedømmelserne: Mens afhandlingernes analysedel vurderes meget positivt, samler kritikken sig om de afsnit hvor afhandlinger skal trække de store linjer op: forskningsoversigt hvor eget bidrag skal positioneres i forhold til feltets litteratur, og diskussionen hvor analysens resultater skal sættes i sammenhæng med det øvrige felts teorier og metoder. Vi afslutter artiklen med forslag til ph.d.-studerende, vejledere/undervisere, bedømmere og ph.d.-administration og -forskerskole.  In an alignment perspective, PhD  thesis examination reports contain valuable information and implications for PhD thesis writing and supervision. The basis of this article is an analysis of a total of 41 PhD examination reports from one humanities department, identifying criteria for positive and negative evaluative comments. The method of analysis is adapted from methods of examination report analysis developed primarily by the Australian SORTI group of examination report researchers. Our analysis shows a pattern: While analysis and empirical work are positively evaluated with few critical comments from examiners, negative comments centre on the PhD candidates’ depiction of ”The big picture” of their research: literature review and critical appraisal and discussion where results are placed, positioned and contextualised within the field. We conclude with pedagogical recommendations for PhD-students, supervisors and –educators, examiners and graduate schools.
Progressionsmodel: Entreprenørskabs- og innovationsundervisning
Authors: Nybye Nicolai , Rasmussen Anders
Published: September 2021

Artiklen tager afsæt i en forståelse af entreprenørskab, som en praksisform, hvor muligheder og idéer omsættes til enten økonomisk, kulturel eller social værdi. Denne forståelse kædes sammen med behovet for, at elever og studerende lærer at agere i forskellige omverdenssammenhænge og her kan skabe værdi. Artiklen peger på behovet for at kunne operationalisere tilgangen til entreprenørskab i form af eksplicitte undervisningsdimensioner og læringsmål. Artiklen præsenterer således en progressionsforståelse, der giver en teoretisk optik på den sammenhængende udvikling af læringsmål for elever og studerendes entreprenørskabs- og innovationsviden og kompetencer igennem uddannelsesforløbet, og den peger på en forståelse, der indlejrer entreprenørskab i kernefagligheder og i de studerendes deltagelse i erfaringsskabende processer. Artiklen er skrevet med udgangspunkt i Fonden for Entreprenørskab – Young Enterprise, der understøttes af de fire ministerier, der danner det nationale Partnerskab for Uddannelse i Entreprenørskab. Artiklen har i foråret 2013 været i høring hos en række lærere, undervisere og forskere i det danske uddannelsessystem inden offentliggørelsen i sommeren 2013.  This article is based on the premise that entrepreneurship encompasses a combination of business, cultural and social attributes. We use this understanding in a ‘Progression Model’ considering ways in which students may be educated in entrepreneurship, in line with the requirements of the government-backed Danish Foundation for entrepreneurship – Young Enterprise initiative. The aim of the initiative is to teach students how to convert ideas and opportunities into value. The article uses the broad understanding of entrepreneurship outlined above as a conceptual frame to define learning dimensions and outcomes for entrepreneurial knowledge and competences that students may be expected to acquire during their education. It is argued that entrepreneurship education can be seen as an embedded part of existing core subjects and can be designed so that students incorporate entrepreneurial thinking into their programmes of education. The initiative to educate students in entrepreneurship is supported by four ministries, which have collectively set up a national Partnership for Education in Entrepreneurship. The article was circulated among educators and researchers for comment in the spring of 2013 before the Progression Model was published in the summer of 2013.
Når forventningerne ikke stemmer overens med virkeligheden. En undersøgelse af de studerendes valg og strategier i overgangen til de længere videregående teknat-uddannelser
Authors: Holmegaard Henriette T. , Madsen Lene Møller , Ulriksen Lars
Published: September 2021

Denne artikel præsenterer resultater fra et forskningsprojekt, hvor studerende er fulgt fra slutningen af gymnasiet og ind på en lang videregående teknisk eller naturvidenskabelig uddannelse. Fokus er på de studerendes løbende forventningsafstemning i mødet med den nye uddannelse og de forhandlinger, der finder sted over tid, når de studerende forsøger at blive akademisk integreret. Analysen fokuserer på de studerende der oplever dette som særligt vanskeligt. Tre forhandlingsstrategier identificeres: at udholde at ens forventninger ikke bliver indfriet; gentagende afprøvninger af, om det, man møder, kan tilpasses ens forventninger; at indordne og tilpasse sine forventninger til det, man møder. De tre forskellige strategier foldes ud i analysen med konkrete eksempler og viser, at de studerendes iden-titetsarbejde er en vigtig del af progressionen i de studerendes første studieår. Konsekvenserne og implikationerne for praksis diskuteres afslutningsvist.  This paper presents results from a research project where students are followed from the end of upper secondary school into their higher education science programme. We pay particular attention to the students’ continuous negotiation of expectations in relation to the content of their new study programmes and their attempts to become academically integrated. The analysis is focused on those students who found these negotiations difficult. Three negotiation strategies are identified: to endure and just accept that one’s expectations are not honoured; to continuously try to fit what you meet to your expectations; to fit and adjust one’s expectations to what you meet. Cases from the study cohort who used these strategies are identified and these form the basis of the discussion. Particular attention is paid to the importance of students’ ‘identitywork’ in their first year of study and the consequences and implications this has for practice.
TRPM7 is critical for short-term synaptic depression by regulating synaptic vesicle endocytosis
Authors: Jiang Zhong-Jiao , Li Wenping , Yao Li-Hua , Saed Badeia , Rao Yan , Grewe Brian S , McGinley Andrea , Varga Kelly , Alford Simon , Hu Ying S , Gong Liang-Wei
Published: September 2021

Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) contributes to a variety of physiological and pathological processes in many tissues and cells. With a widespread distribution in the nervous system, TRPM7 is involved in animal behaviors and neuronal death induced by ischemia. However, the physiological role of TRPM7 in central nervous system (CNS) neuron remains unclear. Here, we identify endocytic defects in neuroendocrine cells and neurons from TRPM7 knockout (KO) mice, indicating a role of TRPM7 in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Our experiments further pinpoint the importance of TRPM7 as an ion channel in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Ca2+ imaging detects a defect in presynaptic Ca2+ dynamics in TRPM7 KO neuron, suggesting an importance of Ca2+ influx via TRPM7 in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Moreover, the short-term depression is enhanced in both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmissions from TRPM7 KO mice. Taken together, our data suggests that Ca2+ influx via TRPM7 may be critical for short-term plasticity of synaptic strength by regulating synaptic vesicle endocytosis in neurons.
A state space modeling approach to real-time phase estimation
Authors: Wodeyar Anirudh , Schatza Mark , Widge Alik S , Eden Uri T , Kramer Mark A
Published: September 2021

Brain rhythms have been proposed to facilitate brain function, with an especially important role attributed to the phase of low-frequency rhythms. Understanding the role of phase in neural function requires interventions that perturb neural activity at a target phase, necessitating estimation of phase in real-time. Current methods for real-time phase estimation rely on bandpass filtering, which assumes narrowband signals and couples the signal and noise in the phase estimate, adding noise to the phase and impairing detections of relationships between phase and behavior. To address this, we propose a state space phase estimator for real-time tracking of phase. By tracking the analytic signal as a latent state, this framework avoids the requirement of bandpass filtering, separately models the signal and the noise, accounts for rhythmic confounds, and provides credible intervals for the phase estimate. We demonstrate in simulations that the state space phase estimator outperforms current state-of-the-art real-time methods in the contexts of common confounds such as broadband rhythms, phase resets, and co-occurring rhythms. Finally, we show applications of this approach to in vivo data. The method is available as a ready-to-use plug-in for the Open Ephys acquisition system, making it widely available for use in experiments.
Quantifying the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectiousness
Authors: Marc Aurélien , Kerioui Marion , Blanquart François , Bertrand Julie , Mitjà Oriol , Corbacho-Monné Marc , Marks Michael , Guedj Jeremie
Published: September 2021

The relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectiousness is poorly known. Using data from a cohort of cases and high-risk contacts, we reconstructed viral load at the time of contact and inferred the probability of infection. The effect of viral load was larger in household contacts than in non-household contacts, with a transmission probability as large as 48% when the viral load was greater than 1010 copies per mL. The transmission probability peaked at symptom onset, with a mean probability of transmission of 29%, with large individual variations. The model also projects the effects of variants on disease transmission. Based on the current knowledge that viral load is increased by two- to eightfold with variants of concern and assuming no changes in the pattern of contacts across variants, the model predicts that larger viral load levels could lead to a relative increase in the probability of transmission of 24% to 58% in household contacts, and of 15% to 39% in non-household contacts.
Phase response analyses support a relaxation oscillator model of locomotor rhythm generation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ji Hongfei , Fouad Anthony D , Teng Shelly , Liu Alice , Alvarez-Illera Pilar , Yao Bowen , Li Zihao , Fang-Yen Christopher
Published: September 2021

Neural circuits coordinate with muscles and sensory feedback to generate motor behaviors appropriate to an animal’s environment. In C. elegans, the mechanisms by which the motor circuit generates undulations and modulates them based on the environment are largely unclear. We quantitatively analyzed C. elegans locomotion during free movement and during transient optogenetic muscle inhibition. Undulatory movements were highly asymmetrical with respect to the duration of bending and unbending during each cycle. Phase response curves induced by brief optogenetic inhibition of head muscles showed gradual increases and rapid decreases as a function of phase at which the perturbation was applied. A relaxation oscillator model based on proprioceptive thresholds that switch the active muscle moment was developed and is shown to quantitatively agree with data from free movement, phase responses, and previous results for gait adaptation to mechanical loadings. Our results suggest a neuromuscular mechanism underlying C. elegans motor pattern generation within a compact circuit.
Linking spatial self-organization to community assembly and biodiversity
Authors: Bera Bidesh K , Tzuk Omer , Bennett Jamie JR , Meron Ehud
Published: September 2021

Temporal shifts to drier climates impose environmental stresses on plant communities that may result in community reassembly and threatened ecosystem services, but also may trigger self-organization in spatial patterns of biota and resources, which act to relax these stresses. The complex relationships between these counteracting processes – community reassembly and spatial self-organization – have hardly been studied. Using a spatio-temporal model of dryland plant communities and a trait-based approach, we study the response of such communities to increasing water-deficit stress. We first show that spatial patterning acts to reverse shifts from fast-growing species to stress-tolerant species, as well as to reverse functional-diversity loss. We then show that spatial self-organization buffers the impact of further stress on community structure. Finally, we identify multistability ranges of uniform and patterned community states and use them to propose forms of non-uniform ecosystem management that integrate the need for provisioning ecosystem services with the need to preserve community structure.
A study on Socio-Economic Changes of Agricultural Migrants
Authors: Kavitha R. , Velusamy R. , Puspha J. , Prabakaran K.
Published: September 2021

Aims: The study aims to find out the Socio-Economic changes occurred in the livelihoods of agricultural migrants in Tiruppur district of Tamil Nadu.

Study Design: Ex-post facto research design.

Place and Duration of Study: Tiruppur district were purposively selected for this study since it is stands third place in Tamil Nadu receiving the migrants. This study was conducted during May 2021.

Methodology: Migrants with agricultural background was selected as respondents for this study. Total sample size of 120 respondents were selected by using snow ball sampling method. To measure socio-economic changes of migrants, socio-economic indicators were identified based on the literature review, discussion with advisory committee members and senior social scientists. The socio-economic indicators identified for measuring socio-economic changes are socio-psychological factors, education, health maintenance and nutrition, housing, occupation, cultural factors, economic changes, social participation and material possession. The primary data was collected with the help of a well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule. Percentage analysis and cumulative frequency method were used to analyse the data.

Results: In this context, the Socio-Economic changes of agricultural migrants were analysed and discussed with nine sub-headings. The results reveals that majority of the migrants (84.16%) expenditure on education were increased, All the respondents (100%) were able to take balanced diet, Vast majority of the respondents (91.66%) expenditure towards the improvement of the house were changed, Cent per cent of the respondent’s occupation were changed, Most of the respondents (90.00%) expenditure on celebration of festivals were increased, There was a vast change in the income of the majority of the respondents (89.16%), Cent per cent of respondents possess mobile phone and television, The outside contact was increased for most of the migrants (93.33%).Overall more than half (54.70%) of the respondents had medium level of overall socio economic changes.

Conclusion: The majority of the respondents were inter-district rural migrants and the cost of living is high in the urban areas. It might be the reasons for medium level of socio-economic changes.
Financial Analysis of Costs of Fish Feed Production with Restaurant Waste as Basic Ingredients (Case Study in Jatinangor District, Sumedang Regency, West Java)
Authors: Andriani Yuli , Nurhayati Atikah , Zidni Irfan , D. Cahya Muhamad
Published: September 2021

As an educational city, Jatinangor has a fairly large population density. In turn, it generates restaurant organic waste in large quantities. Excessive production of organic waste will be a problem if it is not accompanied by good management and utilization. One of the efforts in utilizing restaurant waste is to turn the waste as fish feed. This study aims to calculate the production of restaurant waste and analyze the cost of production of fish feed using restaurant waste flour. The production of restaurant waste was calculated using purposive random sampling, while the cost of feed production was determined by using variable costing method. Questionnaires and research primary data were used to collect data. The results obtained from this study were as such: production of restaurant waste in the Jatinangor area is 261.7 Kg/day, the cost of production for fish feed with the basic ingredients of restaurant waste flour is 70,013,127 IDR with a production capacity of 6,913.1 kg of fish feed per year, so that the cost of feed per kilogram is 10,127.60 IDR, and the selling price of feed is 12,200 IDR/kilogram with a profit of 20%. Thus, it can be seen that independent feed production using restaurant waste can be a solution in the utilization of waste and can also be used as a source of income for the surrounding community.
Function and Characterization of Fungal Communities in Chestnut Soils (Castanea crenata) of Kansai Region, Japan
Authors: Dilzahan Hosne Ara , Okamura Atsushi , Calubaquib Michelle Ann , Organo Nolissa Delmo , Kobayashi Masahide , Cruz Andre Freire
Published: September 2021

Chestnut (Castanea crenata) is an important fruit crop in Japan, grown under three cultivation systems in Kansai region, which succumb to fungal root disease pathogens. The fungal community in soils of chestnut in these cultivation systems were characterized along with the potential of soil bacterial species as biological control agent against these root-invading fungi. Bacteria from the chestnut soil rhizosphere were identified and their ability to suppress diseases in vitro was evaluated. Bacteria DAC17225011 and DAC17225014 showed 99% similarity to Bacillus aryabhattai and Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis, respectively, which could suppress the growth of Armilaria mellea and Phytophtora cambivora, respectively, in in vitro conditions. The assay in vivo indicated the positive effect of these bacteria on the reduction of disease infection spots in chestnut roots; however, no visible symptoms were detected aboveground. For microbial community analysis, chestnut soil was sampled from four locations (Wachi, Ayabe, Fukuchiyama and Sasayama) considering three management systems, conventional, organic and wild. The amplicon from the ITS region (The genomic library of the fungal detection in soils) was sequenced by Illumina MiSeq 250bp and used to analyze the fungal community in the sampled soil. Nectriaceae, which contains pathogenic fungi, was very common in all samples, but lower in wild areas. Ceratobasidiacea was also higher in conventional areas. For the symbiotic families, Hypocraceae and Russulaceae were typical in wild soils, whereas Amanitaceae was found in organic soils. The fungal community was clearly distinct in the wild system, differing from conventional and organic systems.
Assessment of Risks Associated with Activities in Filling Stations using Kinney Method: A case Study of Communal District 5 of Niamey (ACN5) Niger Republic
Authors: Mounir Zakari Mahamadou , Fabrice Paul Nguema , Souleymane Keita , Emmanuel Esly
Published: September 2021

Filling Stations are Facilities developed for provision of Goods – Automobile Fuel, Other Petroleum Products and Services – Servicing of Automobiles, Filling Stations are vital and key to the Transport and Logistics Management Industry. Despite playing a vital developmental/Economic roles Filling Stations can unfortunately be      Sources of Risks/Hazardous and Accidents to Human and the Environment.

In Niger Republic, Filling Stations is a "fashionable" Phenomenon, that is essential to have a general establishment Master Plan, and Risk Prevention as well as Mitigation Plans.

The objective of this Study is to assess the Risks associated with the presence and activities of Filling Station in Niamey Communal District 5 (ACN5). The Study considered compliance with Regulations on Location and Activities of Filling Stations and Risk associated with the Filling Station and their Activities using Kinney Method. The Result shows that there is no harmonious integration of these Companies into the Urban Development Plan due to lack of Compliance with certain Regulatory Provisions.

The diagnosis highlights that the Risks of Explosion, Fire, Pollution (Water, Soil) are the most to be feared with high scores (≥300) and 6% of the Filling Stations have must cases of non-Compliance to Regulations are supposed to be suspended/banned. Adoption of best practices in Operational Risk Management, namely Identification, Assessment, Mitigation and Monitoring of Risks is to be strictly adhered to by Filling Stations Studied.
Influence of Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality Parameters of Garri from Two Improved Cassava Cultivars (TME 419 and TMS 01/1412)
Authors: Ayeni Patience Abisola , Bolarinwa Islamiyat Folashade , Kolawole Gani Oladejo , Ade-Omowaye Beatrice Iyabode Olayemi
Published: September 2021

Aims: Food insecurity is a major problem in developing countries, to overcome this problem, fertilizers are used to increase yield of agricultural produce. However, fertilizer may affect the quality of processed products. This study aimed to investigate the influence of fertilizer treatments levels on yield and quality properties of garri from two improved cassava varieties (TME 419 and TMS 01/1412).

Methodology: Cassava roots were planted with varying fertilizer levels [50% (45, 20 and 35 kg/hectare of NPK-12-12-17, Muriate of Potash and Urea, respectively) and 100% (90, 40 and 70 kg/hectare of NPK-12-12-17, Muriate of Potash and Urea, respectively)]. Garri yield, chemical, physicochemical, pasting properties, and sensory attributes of garri were evaluated.

Results: Results showed 30% and 22% increase in garri yield from 100% fertilized TME and TMS cassava root, respectively. The chemical contents of the garri samples increased with increasing fertilizer level. Cyanide contents of the garri samples decrease with increasing fertilizer level. Garri from 100% fertilizer treatment had higher water absorption capacity (3.51 g/ml and 3.32 g/ml), reconstitution index (72.75% and 77.20%) and gelation index (7.0% and 8.0%), but lower swelling capacity (3.43 g/ml and 3.02 g/ml) and bulk density (0.55 g/cm3 and 0.51 g/cm3) in TME and TMS cultivar, respectively.

Conclusion: High level of fertilizer application improved the chemical components, reduced the cyanide contents and pasting properties of garri samples from the two cassava cultivars.
Pre-sowing Seed Treatment with Organic and Inorganic Treatments on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributes of Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Variety (Pusa-362)
Authors: Harshitha H. G. , Dayal Abhinav , Rai Prashanth Kumar , Thomas Neha
Published: September 2021

The field experiment entitled “Pre-sowing seed treatment with organic and inorganic treatments on growth, yield and yield attributes of desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)”variety (Pusa-362) was conducted during rabi at Field Experimentation Centre of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India during 2020 - 2021. The experiment consisted of 13 treatments which was laid in Randomized Block Design (RBD). Results revealed that seeds treated with T9 (vermiwash 6% solution) recorded maximum values in growth parameters viz., germination percentage at 4,7,14 DAS with 10.833%, 44.17, 74.17%, plant height at 30, 60, 90 DAS with 16.60, 41.00, 53.80 cm Days to flowering (74.67 days), number of branches 6.93 branches per plant, number of pods per plant with 36.10 pods per plant, number of seeds 52.30 seeds per plant and pod weight per plant with 24.49 gm. Similar results were observed in yield parameters where highest seed yield per plant was observed in T9 (vermiwash 6% solution) with 30.35 gm and seed yield per plot 171.7 gm.
Behavior of Dioscorea alata Slices Treated with Aqueous Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Chromolaena odorata before Inoculation by Colletotrichum sp. in Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Koffi Ahebe Marie Helene , Yah N’guettia Marie , Soko Dago Faustin , Koffi Yao Odilon , Tonessia Dolou Charlotte , Atta Taky Hortense Diallo
Published: September 2021

Yam, Dioscorea spp. (L) is an important foodstuff that plays a key role in the agricultural system in Côte d'Ivoire. This plant is however subject to several diseases during its cultivation and conservation. The losses caused by rots of tubers in storage constitute a major risk for economic profitability and for the food safety of consumers. The development of an effective and environmental friendly control method has been initiated. The objective of this work is to improve the conservation of Discorea alata tubers through the use of aqueous extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Chromolaena odorata. To do this, three different doses (33 g/l; 39 g/l and 50 g/l) of aqueous extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Chromolaena odorata were applied to yam slices before inoculation with Colletotrichum sp. Results showed that applying different doses of aqueous plant extract to yam slices before inoculation of the fungal strain caused less rot. The aqueous extracts of the two plants showed antifungal activity against Colletotrichum sp. This antifungal activity was more effective with the 50 g/l dose of Ocimum gratissimum compared to the extract of Chromolaena odorata.
Solcoseryl versus Low Molecular Weighte Heparin for Intrauterine Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: El-Razek Samar M. Abd , Elnamory Mohammed M. , Omar Mona K. , Eltokhy Hesham M.
Published: September 2021

Background: FETAL Growth Restriction (FGR) is a problem where the fetus fails to attain its normal growth potential and this affects nearly about 8% of all pregnancies Solcoseryl is a protein-free and antigen-free haemodialysate derived from calf blood. It is thought to activate the cellular respiratory chain leading to better oxygen utilisation by the tissues. Aim of the study was to compare between Solcoseryl and low molecular weight heparin in treatment of patients suffered from intrauterine growth restriction due to placental insufficiency.

Methods: The patients who included in this study were divided randomly via (computer-generated random numeric tables prepared by a statistician) into two groups with 35 cases in each group. Group (A) (Solcoseryl. Group): 35 women received Solcoseryl ampule 42.5 mg intravenous infusion (Misr Compony) Once daily for 3 weeks. Group (B) (LMWH (Clexan) Group): 35 women received single dose of LMWH subcutaneous (clexane 40 mg) once daily for 3 weeks.

Results: There is a significant decrease regarding umbilical artery RI in both groups but the significant decrease was better in group A compared to group B. Otherwise, there is no significant difference between the two groups umbilical artery RI at different time intervals. there is significant increase in Gestational age and birth weight in patients who receive solcoseryl and LMWH .There is an improvement in Doppler indices of both (UA and MCA) in  both group but is better in solcoseryl than LMWH and significant increase  in Apgar score at 1min and 5 min in both groups but is better in solcoseryl than LMWH.

Conclusions: In this study, LMWH and Solcoseryl administration in IUGR fetuses enhance Doppler indices, promote significant increase in Gestational age so enhance neonatal birth weight.
How do Teaching Strategies that Teachers Employ in the Secondary Schools Raise Students’ Level of Motivation to Learn Effectively?
Authors: Rinzin Pema
Published: September 2021

The researcher carried out the study to find out, “How teaching strategies that teachers employ in the secondary schools raise students’ level of motivation to learn effectively.” The research explored the relationship between teaching strategies used and motivation affecting the effective teaching-learning process in our schools. 

Researcher was guided by epistemological assumption and anchored on a social constructivist worldview. Being a novice researcher I employed a qualitative approach with the use of phenomenology as research design. This choice has facilitated the researcher to gain hands-on experiences of the participants in the field. For data collection researchers employed interview (semi-structured) and observation as research tools involving two schools for the study. Researchers invited six teachers (all male) and eight students (4 boys and 4 girls) as the research samples. The data collected from the field was presented, thoroughly discussed and critically analyzed.

The study revealed that our existing system of teaching lacks the blend of motivation in the teaching strategies utilized, resulting in minimal learning to our students due to lack of motivation. One of the main recommendations is there is a need for the ministry to look into the possibility of offering courses on motivation compulsorily to all the teacher trainees in the two Colleges of Education.
Kesetaraan Gender dalam Iklan-Iklan Televisi Indonesia
Authors: Christanti Cherlita , Wicandra Obed Bima
Published: September 2021

Iklan terkadang bias gender saat mempromosikan suatu produk. Perempuan sering menjadi objek yang seolah-olah hanyalah pelengkap tayangan iklan. Perempuan hanya diposisikan sebagai objek sensualitas maupun jenis kelamin kedua yang tak memiliki andil dalam pengambilan keputusan. Hal ini ditambah lagi dengan pandang umum dari masyarakat terkait perempuan. Konstruksi sosial menempatkan perempuan lebih lemah dan lebih tidak produktif daripada laki-laki dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan, sehingga perempuan selalu diposisikan dalam wilayah domestik saja. Namun dalam perkembangannya, seiring dengan kritik sosial terhadap iklan, maka iklan kini mulai menempatkan kesadaran gender dalam konsep dan strategi periklanan. Mulai tumbuh iklan yang menempatkan perempuan setara dengan laki-laki, utamanya tidak saja menempatkan perempuan dalam tubuh yang sensual. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan dua iklan televisi, yaitu “Fair and Lovely” versi Nikah atau S2 dan iklan “Anlene Movemax” versi Karena Kita Lebih. Analisis menggunakan teori Simone de Beauvoire mengenai mitos dalam gender dengan menggunakan perangkat semiologi Roland Barthes. Simpulan dalam artikel ini adalah iklan televisi memiliki peran untuk mengubah stereotip mengenai perempuan, sehingga perlu adanya kepekaan dan perencanaan matang dalam membuat pesan komunikasi agar dapat mencapai target audiens dan berdampak pada perubahan sosial. Iklan-iklan dapat ditampilkan dalam berbagai sudut pandang: dari perempuannya sendiri, maupun dari sudut pandang orang ketiga agar pemirsa memahami bahwa perempuan memiliki posisi yang setara dengan laki-laki perihal peran sosialnya.
New retting method of cassava roots improve sensory attributes of Bobolo and Chikwangue in Central Africa: an approach through just about right (JAR) test
Authors: ZE Nardis NKOUDOU , ENGAMA Marie-Joseph MEDZEME , NGANG Jean Justin ESSIA
Published: September 2021

Aim: the aim of this study was to determine sensory profile, through the use of just-about-right (JAR) scales and penalty analysis, of Bobolo and Chikwangue from the cassava roots fermented with previously cassava-fermented chips powder (PCFCP). Furthermore, retting time, cyanide content and pasting properties of retted roots were evaluated. Methods: for that, two samples of Bobolo and Chikwangue obtained from two cassava retting methods were studied: a control made from the retting without PCFCP and a product made from retting with PCFCP. Results: retting time was carried out in 48 hours less with PCFCP and 60% of cyanide reduction more than control. No major modifications occurs in pasting properties of paste fermented with PCFCP. The sensory analysis indicated high levels of acceptability for products made from retting with PCFCP. The penalty analysis showed that attributes “too sour” and “too much fermented odor” affected the acceptability of the Bobolo from retting without PCFCP signiﬁcantly. Conclusion: fermentation of cassava through the use of PCFCP is suitable to improvement of sensory characteristics of fermented cassava by-products.
Quality of life in elderly people assisted by a family health unit / Qualidade de vida em idosos assistidos por uma unidade de saúde da família
Authors: Pampolim Gracielle , De Melo Recla Alaércia , Guio Suzana Rafaela , Gadiolli Verzola Isabelle , Carrupt Machado Sogame Luciana
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: verificar os fatores associados a percepção regular/negativa da qualidade de vida entre idosos. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal realizado com 171 idosos de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. A variável desfecho foi a qualidade de vida, avaliada através do Short Form Health Survey – SF-36, as variáveis independentes foram características sociodemográficas, de moradia, hábitos de vida e condições de saúde. Os dados foram analisados através do teste Chi-Quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: dos idosos entrevistados, 98 (57,3%) perceberam sua qualidade de vida como regular/negativa. Ser do sexo feminino, restrito ao lar, não praticar atividade física, de lazer ou atividades ofertadas pela Unidade de Saúde; auto-avaliar negativamente sua saúde, apresentar multimorbidade, polifarmacia, sintomas depressivos, risco de quedas e funcionalidade comprometida, estiveram associadas com o desfecho. Conclusão: incentivar o idoso a participar de atividades que promovam sociabilização e manutenção da funcionalidade é fundamental para preservação ou recuperação de sua qualidade de vida.
Mental health in a general hospital: perception of the nursing team / Saúde mental em hospital geral: percepção da equipe de enfermagem
Authors: Paes Marcio Roberto , Silva Alice Costa , Kowalski Isabela Cristina da Luz , Nimtz Miriam Aparecida , Silva Otilia Beatriz MacielL da , Paes Robson Giovani
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre os cuidados de saúde mental no hospital geral. Metodologia: estudo quantitativo, transversal do tipo survey, desenvolvido em unidades de internação de hospital geral de Curitiba, Paraná, em 2016. Participaram 177 profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um instrumento estruturado com 15 afirmativas em uma escala de Likert e analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: os participantes concordaram sobre a existência de pacientes com transtornos mentais ou comportamentais no hospital geral, afirmaram que apesar de cuidar desses pacientes necessitam de maior conhecimento e habilidade em saúde mental. Consideraram importante a implantação das unidades psiquiátricas no hospital geral e a consultoria de enfermeiros especialistas em saúde mental, para apoio no atendimento aos pacientes. Conclusão: há necessidade de qualificação dos profissionais de enfermagem aos cuidados em saúde mental. A consultoria de enfermagem em saúde mental pode auxiliar na melhoria desses cuidados.
The know-how of the nursing technician: a perspective on care / O saber-fazer do técnico de enfermagem: uma perspectiva sobre o cuidar
Authors: Loureiro Rildo Santos , Da Silva Ana Lúcia Abrahão , Dos Santos Nereida Lúcia Palko , Daher Donizete Vago
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: descrever o processo de trabalho do técnico de enfermagem no ambiente hospitalar. Método: trata-se de estudo descritivo, qualitativo, cujos dados foram coletados por observação simples, com anotações em diário de campo, e entrevista semiestruturada tratadas por análise de conteúdo. Participaram nove técnicos de enfermagem de um hospital público localizado no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: identificou-se que, quando faz uso das tecnologias em saúde com o usuário, o técnico de enfermagem produz o seu saber-fazer articulado com a dinâmica micropolítica do cuidado. Entretanto, a potência do momento intercessor usuário-técnico é pouco explorada durante o processo de cuidado. Conclusão: o profissional técnico de enfermagem, no seu cotidiano, pouco reconhece os momentos de ressignificação de sua prática como elemento terapêutico no cuidado com o usuário.
Characterization of attendance in a pediatric emergency care service / Caracterização dos atendimentos em um serviço de pronto-atendimento pediátrico
Authors: Carvalho Stefhany Karoliny Lopes de , Sousa Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa , Magalhães Juliana Macêdo , Sales Magda Coeli Vitorino , Damasceno Carolinne Kilcia Carvalho Sena
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: descrever as características dos atendimentos em uma unidade de pronto-atendimento pediátrico. Método: estudo descritivo e observacional, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em Hospital de Pronto-Atendimento Pediátrico em Teresina, Piauí, com amostra probabilística de 637 prontuários de crianças atendidas durante o ano de 2017. Resultados: observou-se maior demanda de crianças do sexo masculino, com até dois anos de idade, procedentes da capital do estado e atendidas no segundo trimestre. As queixas que motivaram a busca pelo serviço foram: febre, tosse, vômitos, coriza, diarreia e congestão nasal, entre diversas outras. Observou-se sazonalidade no processo de adoecimento desse grupo populacional. Conclusão: a unidade estudada demonstrou organização satisfatória quanto aos atendimentos ofertados; porém, em algumas situações existe procura em grande demanda, gerando superlotações por atendimentos que não são caracterizados de situações de urgências/emergências pediátricas. Tais atendimentos deveriam ser realizados em locais com serviços de menor complexidade.
Scientific production about balance and fear of falling into the elderly: bibliometric study / Produção científica acerca do equilíbrio e medo de cair em idosos: estudo bibliométrico
Authors: De Lima Carvalho Garcia Karine Kamila , Costa Souto Duarte Marcella , Di Lorenzo Florêncio Márcia Virgínia , Fialho Furtado Gouvêa Fabíola
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: verificar os indicadores bibliométricos referentes a produção científica disponível em periódicos online acerca do tema equilíbrio e medo de cair em idosos. Métodos: estudo bibliométrico, cuja amostra foi de 51 artigos, publicados no período entre 2008 e 2018, nos idiomas inglês e/ou português, disponibilizados na íntegra em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais. Resultados: verificou-se maior pico de produções no ano de 2016 (21,6%). Predominou as publicações disponibilizadas na base de dados MEDLINE (92,5%), no idioma inglês (96,1%), em revistas internacionais, com Qualis A1 (52,9%). Quanto ao enfoque dos estudos, prendominou os temas acidentes por queda; medidas de prevenção e tratamento; medidas de testes e avaliação; e morbidades. Conclusão: os indicadores bibliométricos acerca do tema equilibrio e medo de cair em idosos apontam uma produção científica em desenvolvimento. Esta temática tem sido foco recente de pesquisadores na área de saúde que atuam no cuidado e reabilitação do idoso.
Analysis of the leprosy cure indicator and basic care coverage in Santa Catarina / Análise do indicador de cura da hanseníase e da cobertura de atenção básica em Santa Catarina
Authors: Cunha Ana Cláudia da , Souza Sabrina da Silva de , Zamprogna Katheri Maris , Laurindo Dione Lúcia Prim , Suplici Samara Eliane Rabelo
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a cobertura populacional das equipes de Atenção Básica nos municípios de Santa Catarina e sua correlação com a Proporção de cura dos casos novos de hanseníase diagnosticados nos anos das coortes. Métodos: estudo ecológico transversal que utilizou dados secundários dos bancos de dados oficiais do Estado de Santa Catarina, nos anos de 2017 e 2018. Resultados: o indicador de proporção de cura de hanseníase é inversamente correlacionado aos indicadores de cobertura populacional de equipes de atenção básica e de cobertura populacional de saúde da família, mantendo a correlação para os anos de 2017-2018 e obteve bom desempenho nos municípios catarinense nos anos estudados. Conclusão: o Estado de Santa Catarina apresentou um bom desempenho no cumprimento da meta pactuada no ano de 2017 com relação à proporção de cura da hanseníase. Entretanto, apresentou um desempenho regular em 2018.
Knowledge of the health team about brain death protocol and maintenance of potential donor / Conhecimento da equipe de saúde sobre protocolo de morte encefálica e manutenção do potencial doador
Authors: Costa Vânia Chagas da , Nascimento Monique Maria de Lima , Silva José Erivonaldo Lira da , Silva Bruna Catarina Viana da , Melo Nathália Rodrigues Martins de , Guimarães Tânia Maria Rocha
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento da equipe de saúde da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de adulto sobre protocolo de morte encefálica e manutenção do potencial doador de órgãos e tecidos para transplantes. Método: estudo transversal, observacional, analítico desenvolvido na unidade de terapia intensiva adulto, de um hospital de alta complexidade do Nordeste brasileiro, no período de julho a setembro de 2019. A amostra foi de conveniência, formada por 22 profissionais, enfermeiros, médicos e fisioterapeutas. Resultados: a maioria apresentou conhecimento adequado sobre os procedimentos necessários para abertura do protocolo de morte encefálica, entretanto, não sabe quais profissionais têm competência para abertura do protocolo, desconhece quando deve ser iniciado o processo de manutenção do potencial doador de órgãos, apresentaram déficit de conhecimentos sobre suas atribuições. Conclusão: identificamos a necessidade de capacitação da equipe de saúde sobre o protocolo de morte encefálica, doação de órgãos e tecidos, com foco na manutenção do potencial doador.
Postpartum obstetric assistance to primiparous women according to funding / Assistência obstétrica no pós-parto às primíparas conforme o financiamento
Authors: Ayres Lilian Fernandes , Bonisson Marina Barbosa , Prado Mara Rúbia Marciel Cardoso , Gouveia Marcella Ferroni , Lima Vanessa Doriguêtto , Passos Camila Mendes
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a assistência prestada em puérperas primíparas durante o período pós-parto imediato em uma maternidade da Zona da Mata mineira, de acordo com a fonte de financiamento. Método: estudo transversal descritivo, analítico, realizado em uma maternidade. As associações entre as exposições (variáveis sociodemográficas e de assistência obstétrica) e o desfecho (fonte de financiamento) estudados foram avaliadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste de Fisher. Resultados: existe diferença no perfil sociodemográfico das mulheres de acordo com o tipo de financiamento do parto. Idade, raça, escolaridade, estado civil e padrão socioeconômico demonstram que existe uma população mais vulnerável. A avaliação do fundo de útero e de lóquios foram mais prevalentes nas mulheres financiadas pelo sistema público. Conclusão: constatou-se que a assistência obstétrica durante o quarto período após o parto foi satisfatória e de qualidade. As puérperas financiadas pelo sistema público apresentaram menores chances de ter complicações e morte.
Perception of nursing technicians about care in enteral nutritional therapy: clinical simulation / Percepção dos técnicos de enfermagem sobre o cuidado em terapia nutricional enteral: simulação clínica
Authors: Corrêa Ana Paula Almeida , Dalla Nora Carlise Rigon , Viegas Graziela Lenz , Assis Michelli Cristina Silva de , Silva Stella Marys Rigatti , Beghetto Mariur Gomes
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar a percepção dos técnicos de enfermagem sobre o cuidado em terapia nutricional enteral, durante um cenário de simulação clínica. Método: estudo qualitativo, com base em um cenário de simulação clínica, realizado com 64 técnicos de enfermagem, em um hospital universitário do Sul do Brasil, em agosto de 2017. As falas foram audiogravadas, transcritas e, posteriormente, submetidas a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: foram evidenciadas quatro categorias sobre o cuidado em terapia nutricional enteral nas etapas de: administração da TNE; manutenção da sonda nasoenteral; registros de enfermagem e orientações ao paciente em uso de TNE. Conclusão: refletir sobre o cuidado prestado, por meio de um cenário de simulação clínica, pode colaborar com melhorias acerca do processo de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem e com o fortalecimento e segurança dos cuidados prestados.