bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cell Cycle Model & Foldable with Inexpensive Materials
Authors: Mesidor Philisha
Published: July 2022

Creating a model and foldable to represent the cell cycle encourages higher-level thinking and promotes differentiated learning. Such activities provide additional “hands-on” means to reinforce teacher-led learning of the cell cycle, allowing project-based learning activities to help students visualize the cell cycle process and reflect on its significance. This activity is compatible with universal design for learning. This article describes project implementation, preactivity questions, materials needed, and postactivity reflection. Students may work on this activity online or in person, as the activity requires inexpensive commonly found materials. Students work at their own pace and abilities, as teachers guide them through the concepts, clarify confusion, and enrich their learning.
Satellite observations of NO2 indicate legacy impacts of redlining in U.S. Midwestern cities
Authors: Hrycyna Elizabeth , Mergenthal Jennings G. A. , Noor Saiido , Heskel Mary A.
Published: July 2022

Redlining was a practice of financial discrimination in the mid-20th century in which banks refused loans or increased interest rates based on the grade of an applicant’s neighborhood as designated by the federally sponsored Home Owner’s Lending Commission (HOLC). The HOLC primarily graded neighborhoods from “A” (best) to “D” (hazardous) based on characteristics including the racial demographics and economic status of the residents, with neighborhoods with higher percentages of non-white and/or recent immigrant residents given lower grades; this and similar discriminatory practices can be traced to modern-day economic and environmental inequalities between neighborhoods. The legacy of redlining and related housing discrimination on modern-day urban air quality, which presents a significant threat to public health, remains an important issue in addressing environmental injustice in U.S. cities. In our study, we used remotely sensed estimates of the air pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2) collected with the TROPOMI satellite sensor, and shapefiles of redlined neighborhoods, to determine whether air quality varies among historic HOLC grades in 11 U.S. Midwestern metropolitan areas. This approach allowed us to test these tools for within-city analysis of NO2 for which high spatial and temporal resolution measurements are not often available, despite their importance for monitoring impacts on human health. We found that NO2 levels were as much as 16% higher in neighborhoods that were graded “D” compared to those graded “A” (as in Chicago), with the mean difference across all cities an increase of 7.3% ± 5.9%. These results present evidence of persistent modern-day inequality in urban air quality associated with historic discriminatory policies and should be used as an argument for government action improving air quality in neighborhoods that were poorly graded by the HOLC.
Scottish Highlands Campervan Mobilities in Pandemic Times
Authors: Stanley Phiona
Published: July 2022

This paper explores the idea of “enclosures” as encircling lines. These include semantic boundaries, insider-outsider binaries, and the gray area that includes the technically illegal and the rarely actually prosecuted, focusing on “wild” campervanning in the Scottish Highlands. Also considered are non-enclosures: common grazing, faraway gazes for driving on single-track roads, and alone time in a campervan that is not easily regimented into work and life. This paper thinks with Tim Ingold’s work on lines, showing how the “ghostly lines” of social imaginaries are changing in light of COVID-19. Lockdowns lead to staycations, which lead to overcrowding in the Highlands. Thus, previously elastic lines are drawn tighter, and gray areas coalesce into lines that are more obviously and more problematically crossed.
Women's Representation through Political Parties in Parliament Period of General Election 2019-2024
Authors: Rahmanto Fajar , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Kasiwi Aulia Nur , Salsabila Lubna
Published: July 2022

This research aims to determine women's representation in the DPR RI as a legislative body in Indonesia during the general election in 2019 and determine the factors that influence women's representation in the legislative body. This paper's research method uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach that examines theories, references, and previous scientific literature related to the research object. The findings of the study indicate the level of representation of women in parliament after the holding of the general elections in 2019 has not reached 30%, where the level of representation of women in parliament is still in the number of 20.52% or as many as 118 female legislators and is still dominated by male legislators which reached 457 people or 79.48%. Although it has not reached 30%, the adoption of affirmative policies has led to a significant increase in women's representation in parliament, from 65 women legislators in 2004 to 118 women legislators in the 2019 general election. Political regulation factors with affirmative action and zipper system are two factors that affect women's representation by political parties. Affirmative action mandates every political party participating in the election to pay attention to women's representation of 30% by nominating female candidates for each electoral district. A zipper system requires parties to position at least one woman every three names of candidates. In general elections, political parties present legislation to the legislature. The affirmative action that regulates women's representation's involvement has become the main reason numerous events involve kinship the candidacy.
Electoral manipulations and fraud political contestation: The case of regional head election
Authors: Habibi Muhammad , Nurmandi Achmad
Published: July 2022

Political contestation in the context of the General Election is related to the importance of the role of constituents as the owner of sovereignty, especially to guarantee the quality of an election. However, in practice, the critical role of the constituents seems to be an irony when elites who fight as actors are trapped in a latent condition. That shows there is a misconception in interpreting the nature of power and how to get it. For the actors, the post-conflict local election is only a means to gain political power superficially and ignore other things. Therefore, cheating in political contestation also seems to be necessary for those who think it is rational.
Implementasi Penegakan Integritas Penyelenggara Pemilu Ad Hoc pada Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Sleman Tahun 2020
Authors: Haryadi Trapsi , Suswanta Suswanta
Published: July 2022

Integritas penyelenggaran Pemilu dan integritas Penyelenggara Pemilu merupakan hal yang penting dalam pelaksanaan Pemilu. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi tentang penegakan integritas penyelenggara Pemilu Ad Hoc terutama di level kecamatan yaitu PPK (Panitia Penyelenggara Kecamatan) dalam pelaksanaan Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Sleman Tahun 2020 (Pemilihan). Upaya-upaya apa saja yang dilakukan oleh KPU Kabupaten Sleman untuk menegakkan interitas penyelenggara pemilu Ad Hoc. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan penelitian ini adalah, pertama, tidak ditemukannya pelanggaran kode etik terutama integritas dari PPK selama pelaksanaan tahapan Pemilihan. Kedua, KPU Kabupaten Sleman melakukan beberapa upaya agar integritas PPK terjaga. Ketiga, integritas PPK menjadi salah satu pendongkrak angka partisipasi masyarakat meningkat dari Pemilihan 2015. Keempat, proses rekrutmen PPK memiliki peran penting untuk mendapatkan PPK yang berintegritas. Rekomendasi kebijakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perlunya pendidikan politik/pemilih secara berkelanjutan, dan hasil dari Pendidikan politik/pemilih ini bisa menjadi bahan baku dalam proses rekrutmen PPK.
Calculation of the high-level waste maximum activity of the Chornobyl NPP operating origin during storage in KTZV-0.2 containers
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of NPP, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chornobyl, Ukraine, Derengovskyi V.V. , Kupriianchuk S.V. , Khomenko D.O. , Fedorchenko D.V.
Published: July 2022

This paper decrypts the conceptual design of the cask’s control radiation system of high-level waste (HLW). This system is intended for the solid radioactive waste processing plant at Chornobyl NPP and is capable of forming a passport for a batch of HLW, based on the measured surface dose rate (DR) for KTZV-0.2 protective container. DR for primary packaging and KTZV-02 container were calculated using Monte Carlo simulation code MCNP 6.2. The typical material compositions of the Chornobyl NPP radioactive waste, contaminated by 137Cs and 60Co, were considered, and the corresponding surface DR was calculated. The simulation results were used for the development of the HLW cask load criterion for the radiation loading control system. The paper shows that HLW load criterion could be safely increased from 80 to 280 mSv/h.
The uptake and excretion rate of 137Cs from the silver Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) at different feeding routine
Authors:   Center for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway, Kashparova O.V. , Levchuk S.E. , Khomutinin Yu.V. , Pavlenko P.M. , Hrechaniuk M.O. , Kashparov V.O. ,   Ukrainian Institute of Agricultural Radiology, National University of Life and Environment Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

Throughout 2016 - 2021, a series of experimental studies on 137Cs uptake and excretion rate constants for the silver Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) were conducted in the Chornobyl exclusion zone (ChEZ) under natural conditions. To confirm the metabolic parameters of 137Cs in the silver Prussian carp under strictly controlled conditions at different feed amounts real supporting laboratory experiments have been conducted. The excretion rate of the 137Cs from the silver Prussian carp increased with increasing feed amount from 0.0068 ± 0.0003 day-1 to 0.0085 ± 0.0005 day-1 at water temperatures of 26 °C. The biological half-life of 137Cs activity concentration in fish can be reduced by 2 times by increasing fish growth using clean feeding. The excretion rate of the 137Cs from the silver Prussian carp agreed with data collected in natural conditions in the ChEZ during 2016 - 2020 at different water temperatures.
EFFECTS FROM THE JUNE 10, 2021 SOLAR ECLIPSE IN THE HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE: RESULTS OF GPS OBSERVATIONS
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Chernogor L. , Mylovanov Yu. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Luo Y. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: July 2022

Subject and Purpose. The unique natural phenomena which solar eclipses are can activate coupling between the subsystems of the Earth–atmosphere–ionosphere–magnetosphere system. Following an eclipse, disturbances may get induced in all the subsystems and their associated geophysical fields. It is important that a subsystem’s response does not depend on the phase of the eclipse alone, but also on the state of space weather and the observation site coordinates. The majority of solar eclipses occur at middle and low latitudes. The maximum phase of the June 10, 2021 annular eclipse was observed at high latitudes, including the North Pole. The highlatitude ionosphere is fundamentally different from the mid- and low-latitude ionosphere as it stays in a metastable state, such that any impact may be capable of activating subsystem coupling. The relevance of this study is conditioned by the diversity of the solar eclipse effects in the high-latitude ionosphere. The purpose of this work is to present observational results concerning variations in the total electron content (TEC) in the high-latitude ionosphere in the course of the June 10, 2021 solar eclipse. Methods and Methodology. An array of eleven terrestrial GPS receive stations and eight GPS satellites were used for the observations. Results. The effects from the solar eclipse were distinctly observable at all eleven reception sites and from all the eight satellites. On the average, i.e. with random fluctuations neglected, changes in illumination at ionospheric heights were followed by decreases in the TEC. All of the observation records demonstrated a decrease in the TEC at the early stage of the eclipse. Some 60 to 100 min later the TEC attained a minimum and then returned to virtually the initial value. The lowest observed magnitude of the TEC was 1.0–5.1 TEC units, while, on the average, it was found to be 2.7 ± 1.6 TEC units, or 35 ± 18%. The greatest decrease in the TEC lagged behind the maximum phase of the solar eclipse (lowest illumination at the heights of the ionosphere) by 5–30 min, or 15.7 ± 6.8 min on the average. A few TEC records obtained at different stations showed quasi-periodic variations with the periods ranging from 5 to 19 min and amplitudes of 1 to 12%. Conclusions. The annular eclipse of June 10, 2021 acted to significantly disturb the high-latitude ionosphere where aperiodic and quasi-periodic disturbances of the TEC took place.
HISTOLOGIC AND MICROMETRIC STUDY OF THE PROVENTRICULUS AND GIZZARD OF THE WILD BRONZE TURKEY (MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO)
Authors: Yovchev D.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the histologic and micrometric study of the proventriculus and gizzard of the wild bronze turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). Thirty clinically healthy Bronze turkeys (15 females and 15 males) were used for the study. Twelve tissue samples (six from the proventriculus and six from gizzard) from the corresponding age group were used to prepare histological slides. The preparations were stained with hematoxylin (Erlich) - eosin and Masson’s trichrome. The wall of the proventriculus was composed of four layers. They were tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa. Mucosa had many grooves and plicae with simple columnar epithelium. The proventricular submucosa had compound tubuloalveolar glands which took the greatest part of the wall. The gizzard had tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa. Compound tubular glands were found in the mucosa. On the mucosal surface was observed a thick keratinized layer, which was produced by the glands. In lamina propria mucosae were found compound tubular glands which opened on the mucosal surface by a short neck. The glands in the grooves were more branched, compared to those localized in the folds. Lamina muscularis mucosae was not found.
Science disinformation as a security threat and the role of science communication in the disinformation society
Authors: Falyuna Nóra
Published: July 2022

Summary. The danger of the spread of science disinformation was
demonstrated by the coronavirus pandemic. This created a complex crisis,
affecting economic, social, and public health security, so disinformation can be
perceived as a security threat. Understanding characteristics, communication,
and mechanisms of disinformation are particularly important. In this paper, I
will elaborate on the concept of disinformation society based on the information
society and the dangers of science disinformation, mainly using the example of
the disinformation wave that accompanied the coronavirus epidemic. I present the
main responses to the problem, highlighting the role of science communication. I
will emphasize the need to change attitudes in science communication practices
and show how understanding science disinformation can help to do this.

Összefoglalás. Az új kommunikációs és médiakörnyezet újítólag hat a
dezinformáció megjelenésének és terjedésének módjára, formáira, a terjesztő
aktorok számára, az alkalmazott új információmanipulációs technológiára és e
tartalmak társadalmi hatásaira. Az információs társadalom koncepciójára
reagálva, egyes szakértők már inkább dezinformációs társadalomról beszélnek. A
dezinformáció, különösen a tudományos dezinformáció jelentőségét és terjedésének
veszélyét a pandémia mutatta meg igazán, amely során a dezinformáció különböző
formái, kiemelten az áltudományos és tudományellenes elméletek mennyisége,
terjedésük sebessége és hálózatba szerveződése példátlan volt. A tudományos
dezinformáció komoly veszélyt jelenthet akár az egyénre, a szélesebb
közösségekre, vagy akár a társadalom egészére nézve is. Napjainkban a
dezinformáció megjelenik a biztonságot, jelesül az információbiztonságot
fenyegető veszélyek között is. A világjárvány komplex válsághelyzetet szült,
amely a gazdasági, társadalmi és közegészségügyi biztonságot is meghatározza,
ezért a dezinformáció felfogható nemzetbiztonsági fenyegetésként is. A
tudományos dezinformáció működésének, kommunikációjának, hatásmechanizmusának
megértése így különösen fontos, mivel közvetlenül biztonságot fenyegető
tényezővé válhat. A tanulmányban bemutatom, hogyan épül az információs
társadalom alapjaira a dezinformációs társadalom koncepciója, külön kiemelve a
tudományos dezinformáció működését, hálózatosodását és veszélyeit, elsősorban a
koronavírus köré épülő infodémia példáján. Ezután a problémára adható főbb
válaszreakciókat tárgyalom, kiemelve a tudománykommunikáció szerepét. Amellett
érvelek, hogy olyan tudománykommunikációs fejlesztésre van szükség, amely
elsősorban nem a közösségimédia-platformok használatát, hanem a
tudománykommunikációs gyakorlatok során megmutatkozó szemlélet változását
helyezi fókuszba. Végül bemutatom, hogy ehhez a szemléletváltáshoz milyen
támpontokat nyújthat a tudományos dezinformáció jellemzőinek vizsgálata.
FORMULA DAN FUNGSI SASAKALA SUNDA DALAM KUMPULAN DONGENG KI UMBARA
Authors: Sudarisman Yoga , Pauji Resa Restu
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang terminologi sastra terkait formula penceritaan dan fungsi sasakala Sunda dalam kumpulan dongeng Ki Umbara. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka melalui pendekatan tekstual dengan cara analisa isi dari teks. Hasil dari analisa yakni sasakala Sunda dalam kumpulan dongeng Ki Umbara memiliki formula cerita yang berpola atau berumus. Polanya yakni orientasi awal dilanjutkan pada konflik sederhana yang bersifat klise, dan diakhiri dengan resolusi pralogis. Selain itu, dari tataran fungsi, sasakala Sunda dalam kumpulan dongeng Ki Umbara berfungsi sebagai hiburan atau pelipur lara. Hal tersebut tergambar dari isi dan resolusi yang bersifat polos, lugu, dan cenderung lelucon.
Ḥanafī Māturīdīsm: Trajectories of a Theological Legacy, with a Study and Critical Edition of al-Khabbāzī’s Kitāb al-Hādī
Authors: Aldosari Ayedh S.
Published: July 2022

This book provides an analytical study of the Māturīdite school of theology. Affiliated with the Ḥanafīte school of jurisprudence, the Māturīdites represented one of the most influential schools of scholastic theology (kalam) in Sunni Islam. Attempting to fill the historical gaps in the study of early and classical Māturīdite thought and scholarship, this work explores not only the rise of the school, but also maps out seminal phases in its subsequent intellectual development. With a concern for context and relevance, it offers key insights into the literary legacy of the school, covering the work of its founder and later Māturīdite theologians. The study includes a critical Arabic edition of the treatise entitled al-Ḥādī (The Guide), authored by one of the luminaries of the school, al-Imam al-Khabbāzī (d. 691 AH/ 1292 AD). The work served as an important repository of Māturīdite theological thought preserving significant discussions elaborated within the school and their impact upon later theological discourses.
Muslim Qurʾānic Interpretation Today: Media, Genealogies and Interpretive Communities
Authors: Pink Johanna
Published: July 2022

Muslim Qur’ānic interpretation today is beset by tensions: tensions between localising and globalising forces; tensions between hierarchical and egalitarian social ideals; tensions between the quest for new approaches and the claim for authority raised by defenders of exegetical traditions. It is this complex web of power structures, local as well as global, that this book seeks to elucidate. This book provides a fresh perspective on present-day Qur’ānic interpretations by analysing the historical, social and political dimensions in which they take place, the ways in which they are performed and the media through which they are transmitted. Besides discussing the persistence of exegetical traditions and the emergence of new paradigms, it examines the structural conditions in which these processes occur. Languages, nation states, global human rights discourses and intra-Islamic divisions all shape the nature of interpretive endeavours and frequently fuel conflicts over the correct understanding of the Qur’ān. The book contains more than twenty detailed case studies of recent Qur’ānic interpretations, based on translated texts that cover a variety of languages, regions, media, genres, approaches, authors and target groups. They are integrated into the chapters, bring their arguments to life and stimulate fundamental reflections on the authority of the text and the authority of its interpreters.
Ibn 'Arabi and the Contemporary West: Beshara and the Ibn 'Arabi Society
Authors: Jeffery-Street Isobel
Published: July 2022

The influence of Ibn ‘Arabi, the 12th century Andalusian mystic philosopher extended beyond the Muslim world from Spain, to China, to Indonesia. Interest in Ibn ‘Arabi in the west has grown over the last century. Ibn ‘Arabi and the Contemporary West examines ‘Arabi’s teachings through the work of the Beshara Trust and the Muhyiddin Ibn ‘Arabi Society. The study investigates how the Beshara School has used Ibn ‘Arabi’s teachings in assisting a range of students from around the world towards personal, spiritual development and how the Muhyiddin Ibn ‘Arabi Society has evolved into an international organisation with increasing influence in both the West and the Muslim world.
Associations of Physical Activity, Kidney Function, Diet, and Inflammatory Markers in High-Risk Type-2 Diabetes With Early-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Authors: Niyi-Odumosu Faatihah
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES Quantitative information and associations of physical activity, kidney function, diet, and inflammation are dearth in high-risk diabetes. Yet could delay type-2 diabetes, late-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and could be useful in designing effective interventions. The study aims to quantify the associations of physical activity, kidney function, diet and inflammation in adults with high-risk type-2 diabetes (and early CKD) recruited to a lifestyle education programme.METHODS Baseline, 12-month dietary, accelerometery, and circulating inflammatory markers, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) data were assessed from 159 (104 male) high-risk diabetes with stage 2 CKD (mean (SD) estimated glomerular filteration rate (eGFR); 77.5(7.6) ml/min/1.73m2, age; 66(6) years, BMI; 31.8(4.2) kg/m2) who were recruited to a lifestyle education programme. Linear regression examined the effects and associations of the outcome measures.RESULTS eGFR decreased by -2.0 (1.7) ml/min/1.73 m2 (P = 0.04) after 12-months, but mean daily steps, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels, intakes of fibre, total and unsaturated fat, and circulating IL-6 and CRP did not change. However, inter-individual responses were highly variable. eGFR correlated positively with baseline IL-6 (r = 0.17, P = 0.02). Unadjusted, there were no associations between change in eGFR (12_0) and change in any of the activity, inflammatory or dietary outcomes. However, the regression models of these outcomes for change in eGFR (12_0) became significant with multiple covariates.CONCLUSION A combination of healthy lifestyle behaviours should be encouraged for a positive effect on future kidney function.
The Effects of Obesity and Physical Activity on Dyslipidemia in Persons With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Shin Yun-A , Kim Jae-Hyun , Song Ryuri , Cha EunSeok
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to examine the effect of obesity, and physical activity on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).METHODS A cross-sectional , correlational design was used. Participants aged 20 years or older were recruited from a diabetes clinic affiliated with a university hospital. Body composition, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and blood lipid level were measured in addition to self-reported physical activity. Final data analysis was conducted with 177 participants. The differences on physical activity measures and body composition between those with or without dyslipidemia were analyzed using independent t-tests. The associations between dyslipidemia and physical activity and obesity were assessed with the odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) after adjusting potential confounding factors.RESULTS The participation rate of regular physical activity in T2DM patients was 55.9%. BMI and regular physical activity participation influenced the prevalence of dyslipidemia in persons with T2DM. The regular physical activity participation rate of T2DM patients without dyslipidemia was higher than that of T2DM patients with dyslipidemia (p<.05). Moreover, participation in regular physical activity decreased the risk of dyslipidemia prevalence (p<.05). With regard to body composition, T2DM patients with dyslipidemia had a higher body mass index (p<.01). As the body mass index 1 increased, odd ratio of the dyslipidemia prevalence increased 1.21 times (p<.05).CONCLUSIONS The risk of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients was influenced by BMI and participation in regular physical activity. Therefore, reducing obesity through regular physical activity will be a way to lower the prevalence of dyslipidemia in T2DM.
HANKEL DETERMINANT OF CERTAIN ORDERS FOR SOME SUBCLASSES OF HOLOMORPHIC FUNCTIONS
Authors: Vamshee Krishna D. , Shalini D.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we are introducing certain subfamilies of holomorphic functions and making an attempt to obtain an upper bound (UB) to the second and third order Hankel determinants by applying certain lemmas, Toeplitz determinants, for the normalized analytic functions belong to these classes, defined on the open unit disc in the complex plane. For one of the inequality, we have obtained sharp bound.
The use of balanced lowering method technology for bridge construction in cramped urban environments
Authors: Doronina Alexandra , Valiev Sherali
Published: July 2022

The main trends in bridge building are: the implementation of new materials, the assimilation of novel technologies, and the construction time reduction. The new technologies assimilation is often associated with the need to build bridge structures in cramped conditions. Considered by the author balanced lowering method technology corresponds to these trends. The technology was developed at the Vienna Technical University, the main idea is to assemble the supporting elements in a vertical position with subsequent deployment to the design horizontal position.

To reduce the weight of the mounted elements, this technology uses thin-walled prestressed precast concrete units. After installing it in the design position, they perform the function of leave-in-place form and are cast in place directly on the construction site.

This technology was invented for high pier bridges to eliminate the erection and dismantling of temporary support but has recently been shown to be cost-effective for low pier bridges.

The advantage of this method is not only the construction time reduction and the free underbridge clearance presence but also the fact that the braces are not only a mechanism for turning the span into a horizontal position but also allow to reduce the estimated span length. The article discusses the bridge projects across the Lafnitz and Lahnbach rivers in Austria, as well as previous options for bridge projects. Particular emphasis in the work is placed on the bridge construction technology consideration, the main technological stages identification, as well as the performance features of certain works. The author presents recommendations on the application of this construction method.
Complementary Nck1/2 Signaling in Podocytes Controls α Actinin-4–Mediated Actin Organization, Adhesion, and Basement Membrane Composition
Authors: Martin Claire E. , Phippen Noah J. , Keyvani Chahi Ava , Tilak Manali , Banerjee Sara L. , Lu Peihua , New Laura A. , Williamson Casey R. , Platt Mathew J. , Simpson Jeremy A. , Krendel Mira , Bisson Nicolas , Gingras Anne-Claude , Jones Nina
Published: July 2022

Significance Statement

Podocyte detachment is a major contributor to kidney disease progression, yet the mechanisms controlling podocyte adhesion are not well understood. We identified novel roles for Nck1 and Nck2 cytoskeletal adaptor proteins in cell adhesion through regulation of actin bundling at focal adhesions via α actinin-4. In vivo, loss of Nck1 and/or Nck2 increases basement membrane matrix deposition and renders podocytes more susceptible to damage after injury and with aging. More severe defects are observed with Nck2 deficiency, consistent with identification of distinct effector proteins. The results suggest an essential role for Nck adaptors as molecular hubs integrating multiple actin-based signals to control podocyte adhesion dynamics.

Background

Maintenance of the kidney filtration barrier requires coordinated interactions between podocytes and the underlying glomerular basement membrane (GBM). GBM ligands bind podocyte integrins, which triggers actin-based signaling events critical for adhesion. Nck1/2 adaptors have emerged as essential regulators of podocyte cytoskeletal dynamics. However, the precise signaling mechanisms mediated by Nck1/2 adaptors in podocytes remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods

We generated podocytes deficient in Nck1 and Nck2 and used transcriptomic approaches to profile expression differences. Proteomic techniques identified specific binding partners for Nck1 and Nck2 in podocytes. We used cultured podocytes and mice deficient in Nck1 and/or Nck2, along with podocyte injury models, to comprehensively verify our findings.

Results

Compound loss of Nck1/2 altered expression of genes involved in actin binding, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix composition. Accordingly, Nck1/2-deficient podocytes showed defects in actin organization and cell adhesion in vitro, with podocyte detachment and altered GBM morphology present in vivo. We identified distinct interactomes for Nck1 and Nck2 and uncovered a mechanism by which Nck1 and Nck2 cooperate to regulate actin bundling at focal adhesions via α actinin-4. Furthermore, loss of Nck1 or Nck2 resulted in increased matrix deposition in vivo, with more prominent defects in Nck2-deficient mice, consistent with enhanced susceptibility to podocyte injury.

Conclusion

These findings reveal distinct, yet complementary, roles for Nck proteins in regulating podocyte adhesion, controlling GBM composition, and sustaining filtration barrier integrity.
Influence of technological parameters on nitriding rate in obtaining metal powders by plasma centrifugal spraying
Authors: Katolikov V. D. , Semin A. E. , Komolova O. A. , Logachev I. A. , Bocherikov R. E. , Lakiza V. A.
Published: July 2022

Increase in metal operational properties is ensured by introduction of a certain set and amount of alloying elements into it. These elements include nitrogen, the interest in which is constantly growing. As many works have shown, nitriding with gaseous nitrogen is used, among other things, in plasma-arc remelting. The data is given on metal alloying with nitrogen at the stage of obtaining granules and powders. However, the latter process requires further study. The process of obtaining nitrogen-containing metal microgranules from EP741NP alloy by plasma centrifugal spraying was studied in this work. Metal powders are obtained by melting the end of a rotating workpiece with a stream of ionized gas (mixture of gases). The technology makes it possible to obtain nitrogen-alloyed fine metal powders of multicomponent spherical alloys with a minimum number of satellites that do not differ in size and chemical composition. Investigation of the nitriding rate is of great interest, especially in the production of powder metal. One of the parameters that affect the degree of metal saturation with nitrogen is time spent by liquid melt under nitrogen-containing plasma and crystallization time of the metal drop. The paper presents a technique that allows one to quantify the role of these parameters on the absorption of nitrogen by the metal during powder production. It is known that the kinetic parameters of the nitriding process are determined by the contact area of ​​two metal – gas phases. In the case of obtaining a powder, this parameter depends on the size of a powder speak. In this connection, the paper presents a calculation method that allows estimating the average fractional composition of metal powders depending on a number of technological factors. The obtained values ​​were compared with the data of semi-industrial heats. It is shown that the fractional composition of microgranules depends on the rotation speed and diameter of the workpiece being remelted, the density of the alloy, and the force of surface tension. It was established that with an increase in the rotation frequency of the consumable electrode, it is possible to achieve a decrease in the fineness of metal powders.
Remote Work is the New Normal: Virtual Teams as a Prerequisite in Global Business Strategy
Authors: Chopra Subhanjali , Chaudhary Meenakshi
Published: July 2022

The world has changed, and with it comes the obligation for us to adjust ourselves to what is truly normal for our organizations. Organizations today rely heavily on a geographically dispersed workforce to compete in the global economy. They establish teams that offer the greatest functional expertise from around the world coupled with deep, local knowledge of the most exciting areas. Despite virtual teams’ growing prevalence, relatively little is known about this new form of work team, particularly in most developing nations. The objective of the paper is to identify the antecedents of virtual team performance and critically examine the literature to filter the advantages and pitfalls of virtual teams. For this purpose, we conducted a search in Google Scholar with the keywords ‘virtual team performance’ and ‘determinants of virtual teams performance’. Given the ease with which the technological infrastructure required to support virtual teams is now available, more research into the wide range of difficulties surrounding virtual teams is required if we are to understand how to manage them effectively.
The Riskiness of Banks: An Empirical Analysis of the Depositor’s Sensitivity
Authors: Jain Arushi
Published: July 2022

This study focuses on checking for the existence and strength of the market discipline based on different ownership structures of the banks. First, this article determines if depositors react rationally to risk levels depending on the bank's ownership type, and second, if the strength of this responsiveness differs depending on the bank's ownership type. This study is based on 38 banks in the Indian banking sector. Empirical testing is carried out using panel data analysis and various proxies to assess the riskiness of the banks. The analysis shows that market discipline exists regardless of the kind of ownership. However, its strength varies across different ownership structures of the banks. These findings are crucial for the orderly functioning of the banking system so that the bank managers do not take advantage of the market perception based on their state ownership.
Taxability of Receipts from Live Transmission Rights as Royalty under the Domestic Law: A Critique of the Tax Tribunal Decision in the Fox Network Group Case
Authors: Singh Ajit Kumar
Published: July 2022

The recent ruling of an Indian tax tribunal in the Fox Networks Group case seeks to undo the 2012 amendment by India, which retrospectively clarifies that the term ‘process’ in India’s domestic law would include transmission by satellite, cable, optic-fiber or by any other similar technology, irrespective of whether such process is secret or not. This article intends to examine and review the law on the subject and jurisprudentially critique the Fox Networks Groupdecision in the light of the principles evolved to interpret the concept and context of royalty, both internationally as well as at the domestic level, post amendment.
The Doctrine of Ultra Vires: Its Relevance Today
Authors: Agarwal Meetu
Published: July 2022

In the scenario, at hand, whether the act is an individual act or a group act, censuring is a necessity. A very important principle known as the ‘Doctrine of Ultra Vires’ helps in defining where a company has gone wrong or taken an action that is outside the scope of the authority of the company. The objective of the Doctrine of Ultra Vires is to ensure that the shareholders and the creditors that provide funding and the assets of the company will not be used for any purpose other than those specified in the Memorandum. This paper delves into the concept of ‘Doctrine of Ultra Vires’ and its relevance today. The paper discusses the meaning, evolution of the concept,the effects, its relevance in the present timesand other aspects of the doctrine.
BASIC PROTOCOL 1: Species Prescreening v1
Authors: not provided miriam.goldman
Published: July 2022

Reference-based metagenotyping depends crucially on the choice and customization of reference database. Therefore, a typical MIDAS2 workflow starts with a species prescreening step for each metagenome, which enables customization of the reference database to match the species in the sample. This protocol describes the species selection step: estimating species coverage per sample, merging the single-sample profiling results, and generating a list of species confidently detected in at least one sample. MIDAS2 estimates species coverage per sample by aligning reads to a database of sequences of 15 universal, single-copy genes (SCGs) and using the median (or mean) coverage of each species’ SCGs.
Factors Affecting Trust in Female and Male School Leaders
Authors: Özcan Kenan , Balyer Aydin , Fırat Fikret
Published: July 2022

This research aims to determine the factors that affect teachers’ trust in male and female leaders. The study employed a qualitative research design. The data were collected with interview technique. In this regard, 20 teachers were interviewed. The participants were determined with purposeful sampling method. The data were analyzed with inductive analysis method. Results revealed that the participant teachers trust different behaviors or characteristics of their male or female leaders. In general, teachers trust in their female leaders’ more because of their objective, idealistic, dedicated behaviors, and also their motherly, sensitive and compassionate personality. On the other hand, teachers trust in their male leaders as they are fair, trustworthy, frank, competence, more rational and strong communicators. While male leaders are believed to take initiative and implement the laws and regulations more strictly, female administrators are more interested in the administration profession, behave meticulously and work devotedly. It is recommended that school administrators should create a climate of objectivity and trust in school.
Gender Inequality and Science Education: Comparison with Brazilian Students in PISA and ENEM
Authors: Marcom Guilherme Stecca , Aragão Thayse Zambon Barbosa
Published: July 2022

Background: Natural sciences is considered a markedly masculine field of study. Despite the criticisms and changes observed in recent years, the effects on society of male science are still observed in school performance. Objectives: This study proposes to compare the performance inequality based on students’ gender in the contents of natural sciences in Brazil at the end of two learning cycles, lower secondary education (LSE) and upper secondary education or high school (USE). Design: The research was designed to identify the size of the effect on the performance of male and female groups in the International Student Assessment Program (PISA) and in the National High School Exam (ENEM) between 2009 and 2018. Setting and Participants: Public school students who, in the year in which the exam was taken, were in their final year of LSE or USE. Data collection and analysis: PISA performance data were collected from the PISA Data Explorer. From ENEM, they came directly from the database made available by INEP. We applied statistical significance tests to identify differences in performance in the natural sciences test of the two exams. Results: The PISA results indicate that there is no difference in the students’ performance based on gender. In contrast, the ENEM results indicate a difference of 0.3 standard deviations in favour of boys. Conclusions: The results point to an expansion of the gender-based differences in the contents of natural sciences during the EM.
Cardiovascular diseases induced by radiotherapy. Case report
Authors: Barsukov Anton V. , Borisova Ekaterina V. , Glukhovskoi Dmitrii V. , Glebova Svetlana A. , Rud Sergey D. , Akhmetshin Ilgam M. , Sveklina Tatiana S. , Chumak Boris A.
Published: July 2022

The article presents the current understanding of the problem of radiation therapy (RT)-induced heart diseases. The paper is based on a clinical case of restrictive cardiomyopathy in a female previously cured of Hodgkin's lymphoma with RT. The importance of using modern imaging technologies aimed at verifying pathomorphological changes in the myocardium that cause the development of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction is reflected. The given clinical case shows the combination of visceral complications arising in the long term after RT in oncohematological patients.
Adrenomedullin is a biological marker of heart failure: review of modern literature
Amina M. Alieva*1, Natalia
Authors: Alieva Amina M. , Teplova Natalia V. , Voronkova Kira V. , Pinchuk Tatyana V. , Valiev Ramiz K. , Shnakhova Lidia M. , Rahaev Alik M. , Nikitin Igor G.
Published: July 2022

It has been proven that in patients with heart failure (HF), there is an increased level of adrenomedullin (ADM) in plasma. Biomarker indices correlate with the severity of hemodynamic dysfunction, as well as with neurohumoral indices, which are activated depending on the severity of congestive circulatory failure. In addition, the expression of the ADM gene in the heart and kidneys is increased in experimental and clinical HF. A small number of studies have examined the effect of ADM infusion. These studies have generally shown that hormone infusion has beneficial hemodynamic effects and promotes the maintenance/improvement of renal function, but most of the studies have been short-lived. The available results suggest that increasing ADM levels reduce the negative effects of vasoconstriction and sodium retention. A better understanding of the role of a biological marker in congestive circulatory failure may lead to the development of drugs that target ADM receptors.
On the Limitations of Spectral Source Parameter Estimation for Minor and Microearthquakes
Authors: Parolai Stefano , Oth Adrien
Published: July 2022

Reliable estimation of earthquake source parameters is fundamental to improve our understanding of earthquake source physics and for ground-motion modeling in seismic hazard assessment. Nowadays, methods traditionally used for investigating the source parameters of earthquakes with Mw≥3, such as spectral fitting or spectral ratio approaches, are also extensively applied to smaller magnitude events because of the increase in the number of stations and the more common borehole installations. However, when working with recordings of such minor and microearthquakes, significant limitations of the usable frequency range spanned by the spectra arise. At the lower end, signal-to-noise ratio constraints limit the usage of low frequencies, whereas at the upper end, the sampling rates of typical seismological networks as well as high-frequency attenuation can be limiting factors. In addition, earthquake source parameters determined from ground-motion spectra are known to exhibit potentially serious trade-offs, in particular the corner frequency and high-frequency attenuation. In this study, we go beyond the typical discussion of these trade-offs using simplistic spectral models by investigating the impact of the background wave propagation model on the source parameter trade-offs as well as its effect on the feasibility of obtaining useful source parameters by means of spectral fitting for minor and microevents. The analysis takes advantage of ad hoc simulated synthetic seismograms with well-defined underlying background propagation models and considers increasing complications in these models (intrinsic and scattering attenuation). The results show that with given realistic background models and usable frequency bands, the source parameter estimation for minor and microevents can be significantly biased, and not surprisingly, this bias is mainly affecting the estimation of the corner frequency. We highlight the inherent limitations of joint spectral fitting approaches for the determination of source parameters from minor and microearthquakes, which should always be viewed with great caution when physically interpreted.
The Hype Surrounding Patent Foramen Ovale Closure and Cryptogenic Stroke: A Walk Through History
Authors: Racharla Lekha ,   Department of Cardiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA, Kher Akhil ,   Department of Cardiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA, Patel Zeel ,   Department of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA, Maitz Theresa ,   Department of Medicine, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA, Kluck Bryan ,   Department of Cardiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA
Published: July 2022

Cryptogenic stroke (CS) represents one-third of all ischaemic strokes. Studies have shown approximately that half of patients with CS have concomitant patent foramen ovale (PFO), with clear data supporting paradoxical embolization as an aetiology of CS. This article is the first of a multi-part review and will detail the history of PFO closure and the clinical trials that have evaluated the efficacy of PFO device closure. Data favour PFO closure in CS for reducing stroke in appropriate patients and should be considered as a treatment modality.