bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do autonomous people tend to trust political institutions more? Multi-level evidence across six world regions
Authors: Gulevich Olga , Krivoshchekov Vladislav
Published: October 2021

The Self-Determination Theory suggests a connection between autonomy supporting vs. controlling interactional style of influential figures, individual autonomy need satisfaction, and attitudes toward these people. Most of the studies that have demonstrated this relationship have been conducted in the proximal social context (family, school, organizations). Only a few studies have examined the role of the distal social context (culture, political system). We aimed to examine the relationship between the political regime, autonomy need satisfaction, and trust in political institutions. To examine the link, we used data from the European Values Study and World Values Survey. The results revealed that higher levels of democracy were positively associated with one’s reported autonomy need satisfaction. This satisfaction, in turn, was positively associated with political trust. This relationship is evident in different regions of the world and at different times, but in some cases, it is stronger in democratic countries than in authoritarian ones.
Emotional Campaigning in Politics: Being Moved and Anger in Political Ads Motivate to Support Candidate and Party
Authors: Grüning David Joachim , Schubert Thomas W.
Published: October 2021

Political campaigning is an inherent part of politics to recruit support from voters. Video advertisement for a political candidate or party has been a widely used method for many years, distributed via television and online, including social media. This type of advertisement attempts to recruit support by presenting convincing arguments and evoking various emotions about the candidate, opponents, and policy proposals. In the present paper, we review existing work on what emotions are most prevalent, focusing particularly on anger and enthusiasm. We discuss recent arguments and evidence that a specific social emotion, namely the concept kama muta, plays a role in political advertisements. In vernacular language, kama muta is typically labeled being moved or touched. Seminal video examples from the 2016 U.S. presidential campaigns are known to evoke this emotion. We compare anger and kama muta theoretically and discuss how they can influence voters’ willingness to support a candidate. We then, for the first time, compare kama muta and anger empirically in the same study. Specifically, we showed American participants short political ads from the 2018 U.S. midterm elections that either evoked anger or kama muta and came from either Democratic or Republican candidates. We assessed participants' degree of being angered and moved by the videos and their motivation for three types of political support: ideational, financial and personal. Participants were more angered by the selected anger-evoking videos and more moved by the selected moving videos of the party which they identified with more. They were also more motivated to support the advertised candidate and party in different ways if either emotion was elicited. If an emotion was evoked, its effect on political support was largely independent from the prior support for the party. In other words, elicitation, but not impact, of an emotion is moderated by prior social identification in the context of political advertisement. We discuss limitations of the method and implications of the results for future research and practice.
Ayurvedic Management of chronic Vitiligo (Shvitra): A case study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana including Drug Research, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching & Research in Ayurveda (IPGT & RA), Gujarat Ayurved University (GAU), Jamnagar-361008, Gujarat, India, Shingadiya Rahul K , Gohel Jasmin K ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Shalya Tantra, Manjushree Research Institute and Ayurvedic Science, Pipalaj, Gandhinagar-382610, Gujarat, India, Chaudhary Suhas A ,   Research Officer (Scientist 1), Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Infectious Diseases, CCRAS, Sadikpur, Patna800007, Bihar, India, Bedarkar Prashant ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana including Drug Research, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching & Research in Ayurveda (IPGT & RA), Gujarat Ayurved University (GAU), Jamnagar-361008, Gujarat, India, Patgiri BJ ,   Professor and Head, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana including Drug Research, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching & Research in Ayurveda (IPGT & RA), Gujarat Ayurved University (GAU), Jamnagar-361008, Gujarat, India, Prajapati PK ,   Dean and Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana including Drug Research, Institute for Post Graduate Teaching & Research in Ayurveda (IPGT & RA), Gujarat Ayurved University (GAU), Jamnagar-361008, Gujarat, India
Published: October 2021

Vitiligo is a common autoimmune pigmentary disorder of great socio-medical importance. It is characterized by white spots appeared on the skin due to melanocytes deficiency. It can be correlated with Shvitra in Ayurveda. Due to side effects and limitation of the contemporary science, some harmless and effective medicines are expected from Alternative medical sciences. Ayurveda has great potential to treat such autoimmune skin diseases. Here a case of chronic vitiligo treated with Ayurvedic management is recorded.
Phytochemical and antimicrobial investigations on various parts of Sida acuta Burm. f.
Authors:   Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, Nigeria, Ezeabara Chinelo A. , Egenti Miracle O. ,   Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, Nigeria
Published: October 2021

Sida acuta Burm. f. belongs to the mallow family, Malvaceae. The study investigated the quantitative phytochemical contents and in vitro antimicrobial activities of S. acuta at different concentrations using standard techniques. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations for the absolute concentrations were determined by Agar well diffusion method. Test of significance was measured using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. There were presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, cardiac glycosides, terpenoid, anthraquinone and steroid in the leaf, stem and root of the plant at varying levels. Alkaloid at 2.31±0.03mg/100g was the highest and it was detected in the leaf. All the plant parts exhibited inhibitory activities against all the test organisms but were dose-dependent. At 500 mg/ml, the leaf extract gave highest inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus varians, Candida albicans while the root extract gave highest inhibition of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Aspergillus flavus. Findings of this study, therefore, showed that all parts of S. acuta, particularly the leaf and the root, possessed antimicrobial properties which can be pharmaceutically harnessed.
Japanese encephalitis in children from an endemic district of West Bengal, India: A hospital based observational study
Authors: Gupta Abhishek , Laha Sumanta , Barik Kanai Lal
Published: October 2021

Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an important cause of viral encephalitis in children in South East Asian countries including India.
Aims and Objective: We have done this study in an JE endemic district of India to know the demographic profile, clinical presentation, seasonal variation, outcome and about the vaccination status of the JE cases.
Materials and Methods: This observational, cross sectional study was done for a period of one year in the Pediatric department of Burdwan Medical College, West Bengal in children up to the age of 12 year, presented with acute encephalitis syndrome (AES). Demographic data, clinical presentation and JE vaccination status were recorded and confirmed JE cases were detected by either serum or CSF JE IgM antibody. Outcome of the JE cases were noted as discharge, death or leave against medical advice (LAMA).
Results: We have found confirmed JE in 18 children out of total 125 AES cases (14.4%). 61.1% of them were within 6 to 12 year age, mostly from low socioeconomic status and 100% case occurred during monsoon and post monsoon period. History, was of JE vaccination were present in only 11.1% case of JE. Most common presenting symptoms were high fever (100%), convulsion (94.4%) and altered sensorium (72.2%). 77.8% JE case were discharged and 11.1% expired.
Conclusion: We must consider JE whenever a child from any endemic district comes with AES and we should try to bring every child under the JE vaccination coverage in the endemic regions globally to reduce the burden of this preventable encephalitis.
Clinical effects of two different doses of duloxetine compared to conventional analgesic therapy in patients with osteoarthritis knee
Authors: Choudhury Arpita , Bhattacharya Dipasri , Biswas Rajasree , Saroha Swati , Chakraborty Nitisha , Roy Samrat
Published: October 2021

Background: Pain is the leading symptom of knee osteoarthritis (OA) leading to significant morbidity and decreased quality of life. Duloxetine, a selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, has been demonstrated to have a centrally acting analgesic effect.
Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two different doses of duloxetine and compare with conventional pharmacotherapy in treatment of chronic pain due to osteoarthritis of knee.
Materials and Methods: 90 patients with symptomatic knee OA were randomly divided into 3 groups to receive duloxetine 40 mg & 3g paracetamol/day (Group A), duloxetine 20 mg & 3g paracetamol/day (Group B) and paracetamol 3gm/day (Group C). Patients were followed up for 6 months to assess pain relief and functional improvement. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for assessing pain intensity and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire physical function subscale for assessing physical function were used.
Results: Reduction in VAS score from baseline was significantly high in groups A and B as compared to C at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Reduction in WOMAC score from baseline were also significantly high in groups A and B as compared to C at 1 month, 3 month and 6 months. Adverse effects in Group A were significantly high as compared to group B and C. Patients discontinuing due to adverse effects were significantly high in group A.
Conclusion: Lower dose of duloxetine is associated with significant pain reduction and improved function with lesser adverse effects in patients with pain due to knee OA.
Pulmonary function test correlation with subclinical respiratory dysfunction in chronic cervical cord compression
Authors: Banga Manpreet Singh , BV Sandeep , Kishan Anantha , Devabhakthuni Rajesh Babu , MA Arun , Dev Arjun H
Published: October 2021

Background: To assess respiratory function in cervical chronic compressive myelopathy (CCM) patients in pre-operative period, post-operative period and to compare pre-operative status with post-operative status.
Aims and Objectives: 1. To assess respiratory function in cervical CCM patients in pre-operative period. 2. To assess respiratory function in cervical CCM patients in post-operative period, following relief of compression. 3. To compare, pre-operative status with post-operative status.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done in 50 patients with cervical CCM due to either cervical disc disease or ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) who were operated. None of the patients included in the study had any clinical signs & symptoms of respiratory dysfunction. Spirometry was performed in pre-operative and postoperative period after 3 months and results were analyzed. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), ratio of mean FEV1 to FVC (FEVI: FVC%) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were calculated.
Results: Majority of the patients were in their fourth decade of life with male predominance. Thirty-six patients (72%) presented with prolapsed intervertebral disc and 14 patients (28%) had ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Patients were operated depending upon the pathology. The present study showed that there was significant reduction in preoperative FVC, FEV1, PEFR values as compared with predicted values and they showed significant improvement in post-operative period after surgical relief of compression.
Conclusion: Significant yet occult respiratory dysfunction in form of impairment of various lung capacities exists in patients with cervical CCM. An objective evaluation of this occult respiratory dysfunction is essential to prognosticate, prevent respiratory complications and to improve post-operative respiratory rehabilitation. Institution of incentive spirometry as a routine in all cervical CCM cases will be of benefit in preventing respiratory complications.
An observational study on pattern of mortalities as per ICD-10 classification system in a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Nandi Chinmay , Mitra Kaushik , Bhaumik Dipankar , Paul Shamik Parna
Published: October 2021

Background: Records of vital events like death constitute an important component of the Health Information System. Patterns of mortality decline that occur with the demographic transition is a change in the distribution of deaths by cause away from a pattern dominated by communicable diseases toward one in which non-communicable diseases account for the overwhelming majority of deaths.
Aims and Objective: To identify the mortality pattern in Burdwan Medical College as per ICD-10 classification in the year 2017.The study also evaluated socio-demographic distribution and causes of deaths during that period.
Materials and Methods: It was an Institution based retrospective observational study. Complete enumeration of all hospital records of medically certified deaths of in-patients from different departments except the Paediatrics who died in 2017 was done. The underlying cause of death was classified according to I.C.D 10th revision, version 16. Information collected included also the demographic characteristics like age, gender, date of admission, place of residence and date of death for the study.
Results: In this study, most of the deaths were seen in males (59.99%), with a sex ratio of female to male deaths to be 667 per thousand. The major proportion of deaths was in the age group of 55 to 64 years (23.53%). The percentage distribution of ten major cause groups of death for the period from January to December during 2017 reveals that the group “Diseases of the Circulatory System” had occupied the position of the top-most killer and it had maintained the trend throughout the year with the highest rate in the month of March (43.9%). The cause of death was more in Non-Communicable diseases (Chapter IX, Chapter XIX) compared to that of Communicable diseases.
Conclusion: Procedures for death certification and coding of underlying causes of death need to be streamlined to improve reliability of registration data needed for epidemiological research or public health policy formulation.
Ultrasonographic study of comparison of prostate volume and post void residual urine with age in north Indian population
Authors: Munsif Tahsin , Haider Syed Shabeeh , Tewari Vineeta , Fatima Mariyam , Sharma Pradeep Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background: As men’s life expectancy increases, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the significant cause of morbidity. BPH generally involves the central region of the prostate which gradually enlarges. Due to the central hypertrophic change of prostate the urethra is compressed and urinary outflow obstruction develops. Predictive risk factors associated with chance of developing urinary retention includes age, symptoms, urinary flow rate and prostate size. Estimation of accurate intravesical, residual urine has significant importance and serves as an index of adequacy of bladder emptying.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to measure the post void residual urine volume with age in Prostate outflow obstruction and compare the prostate volume and post void residual urine with age by ultrasonography.
Materials and Methods: The present study was performed in 100 patients. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed using 7.5 MHZ transrectal probe. Prostate volume was calculated with the help of inbuilt software, by measuring 3 dimensions of prostate in transverse and longitudinal sections. Transabdominal suprapubic ultrasound was done to measure post void residual urine.
Results: It was seen that in the lower age groups, the prostate size was smaller, while in the higher age group it was higher (p>0.001). Minimum post void residual urine was seen in age group of 40-49 years (3.42 -+2.23ml). while maximum mean value was seen in the 70-79 years of age. Statistically a significant difference in mean was seen among different age groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between age and post void residual urine volume and prostatic volume. The present study showed that PVRUV is a novel accurate non-invasive test for predicting prostate biopsyoutcome that can easily be used by clinicians, alone or in combination with Prostate Volume in the decision-making for treatment.
Comparison of retrograde intrarenal surgery and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy for lower calyx renal stones
Authors: Galeti Ershad Hussain , Shahab Saqib , Bharali Mriganka Deuri , Yakaiah Rajaboina
Published: October 2021

Background: Due to the anatomic characteristics of the lower calyx, lower polar stones are difficult to be removed through the ureter, retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) can be used to deal with lower polar stones, while mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy(mini-PCNL) is mainly used to deal RIRS failed to eliminate the stone.
Aims and Objectives: Prospective comparison of mini-PCNL and retrograde intrarenal surgery outcomes in lower calyx managementwith respect to surgery duration, pain score (visual analog score), analgesic requirement, hemoglobin drop, and hospital stay.
Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study in 50 patients (25 cases of RIRS and 25 cases of MINIPERC) over 2 years who came to the urology departme with lower calyx stone of size up to 20mm. The selection of the management methods was primarily based on the patient’s preferences. Preoperatively, all patients underwent routine workup and CT KUB plain. The primary and secondary objective was stone clearance rates, retreatment rate, complications, surgical duration, pain score (visual analog score [VAS]), analgesic requirement, hemoglobin drop, and hospital stay.
Results: Miniperc and RIRS had stone clearance rates of 100% and 96%, respectively. In the RIRS group, one patient required retreatment for 1month. Hospital stay, intraoperative and post-operative complications were non-significant between both groups. Operative duration (P=0.003) was lower in the Miniperc group. Hemoglobin drop (P<0.0013), patient pain, and visual analog scale score at 6, 24, and 48 h, as well as an analgesic requirement (P<0.020), were all lower in the RIRS group.
Conclusion: The stone clearance rates in both modalities are high, and complications are low. RIRS requires a longer operative duration, and it is associated with favorable pain scores and a lower hemoglobin drop.
Bilateral abducens palsy in closed head injury: A comprehensive review of literature based on a case report
Authors: V Sandeep B , R Rekha K , Banga Manpreet Singh , Kishan Anantha , Nayak Vittal I , Prabhakar Sneha Priya
Published: October 2021

Isolated bilateral sixth nerve palsies are rare, particularly in the setting of trauma. Most post-head injury cases with bilateral abducens palsy involve either basal skull fractures, particularly clival fractures. We present a case of bilateral abducens palsy after closed head injury in a young male who presented to the emergency department and a comprehensive literature review based on our clinical case. A Medline search for bilateral abducens palsy in closed head injury showed 89 results. Articles were excluded if crush head injury, non-traumatic bilateral abducens nerve palsy, associated vascular malformations were reported. After thorough search and filtering of those articles, fifty-one publications were found which reported and discussed about traumatic bilateral abducens palsy with closed head injury. In these 51 articles, a total of 139 cases were recorded. Several theories have been postulated to explain mechanisms of abducens nerve injury in trauma both in immediate and delayed settings. In our case, patient presented with immediate onset of bilateral abducens palsy. On imaging, clival fracture was seen in CT brain, which can be attributed for the nerve injury. Cases with retroclival extradural haematoma had higher chances of multiple cranial nerve injuries. Cases with multiple basal skull fracture involving petrous temporal bone fracture had higher chances of facial nerve injury. Along with bilateral involvement, the poorer outcome for recovery can be related with the severity of the adduction deficit. Our case showed no improvement in bilateral abduction during follow-up at 6 months. Clinical presentation of traumatic bilateral abducens nerve palsy is rare following closed head trauma and is usually associated with other injuries which are incompatible with life. It can be associated with other nerve injuries depending on basal skull fractures.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on psychological health and quality of sleep: An online survey from Kolkata
Authors: Mondal Arijit , Saha Indranil , Banerjee Niladri , Saha Pradeep Kumar , Ghosh Soumi , Saha Dwaipayan
Published: October 2021

Background: As a preventive measure to combat COVID-19 pandemic, India has undergone “lockdown” since March 25, 2020. The pandemic and lockdown can impose a psychological impact in the form of fear, anxiety, stress and insomnia etc.
Aims and Objective: The aim of the current study is to assess the magnitude of anxiety, depression, stress and poor sleep quality among the adult population of Kolkata, West Bengal amidst COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: By this online survey using Google forms, a total of 435 responses were received. The online questionnaire comprises of Socio-demographic characteristics, COVID—19 Anxiety Scale (CAS), Perceived Stress Scale 4 (PSS 4), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ 9) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI).
Results: COVID-19 related anxiety were almost similar across age groups, sex, marital and educational status. PSS score was found higher in ≤25 years and >40 years age group, those not currently married, students and homemakers. Patient Health Questionnaire scores were found significantly different across all background characteristics categories except for the level of education whereas Insomnia Severity index Scale scores were found significantly more among subjects not currently married and among subjects who were working from home.
Conclusions: The current study provides evidence towards the negative psychological impact of the pandemic and reminds us about the need for widespread psychiatric services during and after pandemic.
Is Saddle block superior to spinal anaesthesia for patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate- a comparative evaluation
Authors: Kshetrapal Kirti , Mishra Priyanka , Kamal Hemant , Bansal Priyanka
Published: October 2021

Background: TURP is the most common surgical intervention for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Aims and Objectives: This prospective randomized study was planned to evaluate spinal anaesthesia (SA) versus saddle block with regard to haemodynamic parameters, ephedrine consumption, patient and surgeon satisfaction, perioperative complications in patients undergoing TURP.
Materials and Methods: Eighty patients between the ages of 50-80 years with BPH, belonging to ASA grade I- III, prostatic volume between 50 - 80 cc were included in our study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 patients each. Patients in group SA (n=40) received spinal anaesthesia and the patients in group SBBI (n=40) were given saddle block with bladder instillation of local anaesthetic jelly for undergoing TURP.
Results: There was more statistically significant fall in MAP in Group SA as compared to Group SBBI (p<0.05). Complications like hypotension, bradycardia and vasopressor requirement was less but requirement (p=0.021) of supplemental analgesia was more in patients who were administered saddle block. There was significantly lower patient satisfaction in saddle block (p=0.044) but comparable surgical satisfaction in both groups.
Conclusion: Both Spinal anaesthesia and saddle block are safe and effective techniques of anaesthesia for patients undergoing TURP. SA has advantages like less requirement of supplemental analgesia, longer duration of post-operative analgesia and more patient satisfaction. However, saddle block is superior to spinal anaesthesia with regard to haemodynamic stability; with less chances of hypotension, bradycardia and less vasopressor requirement. It is similar to SA in terms of providing adequate surgical conditions.
Prevalence of Candida infection in Covid-19 pandemic: A study from a tertiary care center in Central India
Authors: Jayant Saurabh , Patel Kamlesh , Priya Prachi , Verma Abhilasha Niti , Singh Bharat , Dahariya Ranjana
Published: October 2021

Background: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections may be associated with a wide range of bacterial and fungal co-infections. Candida and mucor are the common fungus encountered during this pandemic. Candida is one of the commonly encountered opportunistic fungi that cause superficial mucosal infections usually, but can invade tissue and produce life threatening infections. Candida species recognized as one of the major agent of hospital Acquired (nosocomial) fungal infections. Keeping this in background the current study was conducted.
Aims and Objective: To estimate the prevalence of candida infection in tertiary care hospital of Indore.
Materials and Methods: The present study was done in the period of one and half year. During this period all received clinical specimens like urine, sputum; high vaginal swab and pus suspected for fungal infection from Covid as well as non-Covid patients were processed according to standard protocol. The specimen was subjected to preliminary tests like wet mount, Gram’s stain, culture on sabourads dextrose agar (SDA) and Hichrome agar, germ tube test, sugar assimilation test and culture on Cornmeal agar (dalmau technique) for candida species were done. For statistical analysis Chi-square test was performed and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of Candidiasis was 0.86%. Non-albicans candida (65.9%) isolates was more than Candida albicans (34.07%). Among non-albicans species, C. tropicalis was 27.4% followed by C. glabrata 16.29%, C. krusei 15.55%,C. parapsilosis 5.92% and C. lusitenia 0.74% were the major isolates. Males were affected more than the females. In both the genders maximum patients were from the age group of >60 years. Maximum number of Candida isolates was from blood followed by urine, pus, sputum, vaginal swab and aural swab. Most common risk factors for candidiasis noted in this study was diabetes mellitus in both Covid as well as non-Covid patients.
Conclusion: Non albicans candida are gradually increasing in India. Speciation of candida play an important role in preliminary treatment because different species is intrinsically resistant to different antifungal drugs and have different antifungal susceptibility pattern.
A Study on the Medicinal Chemistry of Curcuma Longa
Authors: Subedi Thaneshwar
Published: October 2021

Plants are the major source of drug in the modern as well as traditional system of medicine throughout the world. Curcuma longa belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, is a medicinally important perennial herb distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world from sea level to 1200 m. Therapeutically, C. longa has been used for curing various diseases such as asthma, anemia, chronic bronchitis, fever, dysentery, cough, diabetes, diarrhea, eye disease, hepatitis, hysteria, indigestion, itching, leprosy, liver disorder, menstrual disorder, peptic ulcer, small pox, chicken pox, tonsillitis, urinary infection etc. The objective of the study was phytochemical screening of C. longa for highlighting the traditional uses and pharmacological properties of its rhizomes. The rhizomes were collected from Pokhara Metropolitan -3, Nadipur, Nepal in November 2019. The collected rhizomes were washed thoroughly, cut into pieces, shaded dried completely, grinded into fine powder, extracted by Soxhlet extractor, evaporated the extract to get dark orange residue. Phytochemical screening was conducted by using standard methods. Phytochemical analysis of methanolic and ethanolic rhizome extract of C. longa showed that it contained alkaloids, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, cardiaic, glycosides, phytosterol, anthocyanin, emodins, diterpenes, leuco anthocyanin, anthroquinone, chalcones, phenols, coumarin and phlobatannin in methanolic extract but not in ethanolic. Previous pharmacological studies on C. longa showed that it possessed antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, antidepresent, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiplatelet, antibacterial, antivenum, antimutagenic and anticarcenogenic activities. Further phytochemical analysis using solvents of different polarity is necessary to identify much more phytochemical constituents for highlighting pharmacological and traditional medicinal properties.
Glosa do Wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 25 sierpnia 2020 r., sygn. akt I OSK 3325/19
Authors: Fajgielski Paweł
Published: October 2021

The commented judgment concerns the issues of protection of personal data in the activities of the Institute of National Remembrance. In the judgment of 25 August 2020, the Supreme Administrative Court decided that the information contained in the files of the Institute of National Remembrance shall be governed by the provisions of the General Data Protection Regulation, and the President of the Personal Data Protection Office supervises the processing of this data. When interpreting Article 71 of the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation, the Supreme Administrative Court stated that this provision extends the application of the general regulation on data protection to data on deceased persons. The author does not agree with the interpretation presented in the judgment, considers it incorrect and presents arguments justifying a different interpretation of EU law on the protection of personal data.
Glosa do Wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 16 maja 2018 r., sygn. akt SK 18/17
Authors: Kawałko Agnieszka
Published: October 2021

The commented ruling of the Constitutional Tribunal concerns the constitutionality of the provision of Article 70(1) of the Family and Guardianship Code, which provided that the time limit for a child to bring an action to deny the paternity of his or her mother’s husband is three years and runs from the moment the child reaches the age of majority, regardless of the child’s know-ledge of his or her biological origin, i.e. regardless of whether the child within that time limit acquired knowledge that he or she did not come from his or her mother’s husband and whether the child could decide to bring an action. The expiry of the three-year period resulted in the expiry of the child’s right to claim the denial of paternity of the mother’s husband and, consequently, precluded the possibility of a positive determination of the paternity of a man other than the mother’s husband. The Constitutional Tribunal found this provision to be inconsistent with Article 30 in conjunction with Article 47 in conjunction with Article 31(3) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. The author agrees with the position expressed by the Constitutional Tribunal in the judgment in question, which in this case provides a basis for consideration of the relationship between the right to know one’s biological origin and the value of stabilising the civil status of a child and persons remaining in an established family relationship with him or her.
Taming and Training Greek “Peasant Girls” and the Gendered Politics of Whiteness in Postwar Canada: Canadian Bureaucrats and Immigrant Domestics, 1950s–1960s
Authors: Mina Noula
Published: October 2021

Drawing on the voluminous government records as well as selective interviews in a large oral history archive created over several years, this article explores Canada’s recruitment of Greek female domestics in the 1950s and early 1960s within the context of the feminist scholarship on female labour schemes as well as more recent whiteness literature on the in-between racial status of peripheral Europeans. In considering the contradictory features of a large but little-known labour scheme through which more than ten thousand Greek women arrived, many of them before their families, it documents the role of the bureaucrats – who envisioned the domestics’ transformation into models of modern domesticity while portraying them as victims of their patriarchal communities and manipulators of Canadian immigration policy – and that of the women who negotiated various challenges. To account for the scheme’s remarkable longevity, a key argument probes the mix of factors that repositioned a traditionally non-preferred Southern European group of women into a desirable white source of immigrant labour and future Canadian motherhood. Ultimately, Greek women enjoyed a racial privilege and mobility not afforded to later arriving women from the Caribbean and Philippines.
Dental anxiety among Wisma Lincoln University College community
Authors: Misliah Ahmad  , Tan Wen Wu
Published: October 2021

Dental anxiety is common among people of all ages, which results in delay and avoidance of dental visit and eventually deterioration of oral health. The aim of this study is to assess the dental anxiety level among the community in Wisma Lincoln University College. A cross-sectional study was carried out from April to December 2018. A total of 186 participants were included in this study. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) was used to assess participants’ dental anxiety level. The prevalence of participants with severe anxiety level was 16.7% (n=31), with Indian female being the highest number (n=6, 20%). Participants felt most anxious if they were to receive a local anesthetic injection, with a mean score of 2.04 for male and 3.76 for female. With regards to the aspects of dental treatment that make participants anxious, 74.7% (n=139) of the participants would feel anxious about extraction, followed by pain arising from treatment (63.4%, n=118) and fear of injury caused by dental instrument (60.8%, n=113). In conclusion, 16.7% of the community in Wisma Lincoln University College were highly anxious, with Indian female being most anxious (20%).
Toward Improving Physician/Patient Communication Regarding Invisible Chronic Illness (ICI): The Potential of mHealth Technology in Instructional Communication
Authors: Warren Jami , Clancy Clancy , Brady Christy , Rump Kendall , New-Oglesby Tayla
Published: October 2021

Patients that suffer from invisible chronic illness (ICI) such as autoimmune conditions, neurological conditions, and gastrointestinal problems often struggle to obtain a proper medical diagnosis due to a lack of objective indicators to help health-care providers diagnose patients with ICIs. Thus, researchers conducted interviews with 21 participants with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) to determine what messages they received from health-care providers as they pursued a diagnosis, how they interpreted those messages, and what role mHealth technology may play in improving patient/provider communication and effective diagnosis/treatment of ICIs. Several themes regarding potential instructional communication intervention content emerged from the interview data, including physician communication to patients, patient interpretation of physician communication, and information-seeking via mHealth technology. Directions for future research and implications for patient and provider instruction and training, including utilizing the IDEA model, are discussed.
The 12 Fundamentals of Highly Effective Communicators: Teaching Theory-Based Professional Communication to Pharmacy Students
Authors: Donovan Erin , Brown Laura , Lindstadt Calandra , Table Billy , Heidari Elham , Coolidge Andrew , Omran Suheib , Rush Sharon
Published: October 2021

Pharmacists are increasingly expected to communicate skillfully, yet few Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) curricula include theoretically-derived or evidence-based communication training. The 12 Fundamentals of Highly Effective Communicators is a pedagogical tool that we developed to teach principles of communication to two consecutive cohorts of PharmD students in their second year (P2). Students were asked to reflect on which of the 12 Fundamentals they found most helpful in their pharmacy training and practice. The most frequently selected Fundamental was “There is no ‘one size fits all’ message that will work in EVERY situation.” Students provided specific examples of how they perceived that these Fundamentals could help them have effective and appropriate interactions with patients and colleagues.
Critically Analyzing the Online Classroom: Blackboard, Moodle, Canvas, and the Pedagogy They Produce
Authors: Swerzenski J. D.
Published: October 2021

Working from the crossroads of critical pedagogy and software studies, this study analyzes the means by which teaching technologies—in particular the popular learning management systems (LMS) Blackboard, Moodle, and Canvas—support a transmission model of education at the expense of critical learning goals. I assess the effect of LMSs on critical aims via four key critical pedagogy concepts: the banking system, student/teacher contradiction, dialogue, and problem-posing. From software studies, I employ the notion of affordances—what program functions are and are not made available to users—to observe how LMSs naturalize the transmission model. Rather than present a deterministic look at teaching technology, this study calls for closer examination of these tools in order to rework teaching technologies toward critical ends.
Lexical and Semantic Parallels of Yakut and Telengit Folklore Prose
Authors: Gogoleva Marina Trofimovna , Tutukarova Lyudmila Stepanovna
Published: October 2021

Interest in the research topic arose as a result of studying the texts of folklore prose of the Yakuts and Telengits. Used method, i.e. reliance on scientific works, collection of facts, comparative analysis of lexical-semantic parallels led to interesting results. The identified samples from the folklore of peoples separated by a huge distance and an independent history of development indicate the presence of common roots. Legends reflect the peculiarities of the ideological ideas of ethnic groups, spiritual and moral values, religious views; at the same time, commonality is found not only in the lexico-semantic plan, but also in the compositional structure of the presentation of the material and the syntax of texts. The changes are quite insignificant, for example, in the Yakut version of the legend «Dispute» the image of a large animal is transformed in accordance with the realities of the Arctic nature, for example, a camel turns into an elk. The thematic approach to the consideration of examples allows us to come to the conclusion that most of the coincidences fall on the texts of religious and everyday content. Some examples from onomastics also speak of ancient linguistic contacts or testify to migration processes among the Turkic-speaking ethnic groups, which have not yet received proper coverage in historical science. In the conclusion of the article, it is said about the need to attract more extensive material to the comparative historical study of the phenomenon. Based on the comprehension of the collected material, an assumption is made about the stability of individual lexemes and lexical-semantic constructions in the translation of the traditional beliefs of the people.
Previously Unknown Reviews of the "Thesaurus of the Chuvash Language" by N.I. Ashmarin
Authors: Semenova Irina Petrovna
Published: October 2021

The article provides an overview of reviews of the «Dictionary of the Chuvash language» by N.I. Ashmarin, published in foreign scientific journals. The thesaurus became available to a wide circle of Western linguists after its release in 1968 in the form of a photolithographic edition with a foreword by G. Durfer at the Indiana University in the USA. The research material was reviewed by J. Benzing, G. Dörfer, B. Scherner, M.J. Dresden, K.G. Menges and W. Brands. Many of these documents are kept in the scientific archive of the Chuvash State Institute of the Humanities. The work is written in a scientific vein. The purpose of this work is to introduce into the scientific use of Russian Chuvash studies reviews of N.I. Ashmarin. The thesaurus of the Chuvash language of the outstanding scientist received positive reviews from many foreign colleagues with a worldwide reputation. This work for them became the best source of information about the Chuvash language. For the development of Ashmarin studies, it is important to publish documents, including reviews, one way or another related to the scientist. In this regard, reviews are important documents that contribute to an objective assessment of the results of the scientific activity of the researcher.
The Development of Modern Art in Mongolia: On the Example of Mongolian Modern Painting of the Late Twentieth and Early Twenty-First Centuries
Authors: Tumur-ochir Selenge
Published: October 2021

Modern art in Mongolia has been developing since the last century. The art appeared as a result of artists’ ideas, expression of national mentality and other factors. As some researches said: “Mite of the abstract paintings were established in Hun states, because when this times, all of the people to the paint-ed effect of their mind on the rock of cave” on their tractate book. That says that the abstract paintings was established at that time, but according to other sources it was developed in 1960. For example, in 1968 Mongolian young painters orga-nized an exhibition named: the first exhibition of young painters. Then, in 1980 modern and contemporary arts started developing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the development and classification of modern art in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, which are kept in art galleries. The study was con-ducted in the following steps: to study modern Mongolian art and to identify cur-rent trends in its evolution. The study classified 2,333 paintings. Consequently the next conclusions were drawn: abstractionism, post-impressionism, and im-pressionism were more developed in modern paintings created in 1990–2000. Modern paintings created in 2000–2009, on the other hand, were more developed in abstraction, fauvism, surrealism, and symbolism. This shows that modern Mongolian artists prefer abstract and symbolic paintings. Before 1990, there was a lot of realism, but since 1990, modernism has developed a lot and has become a major trend.
The Correlation Between the Types of Family Education and Aggressiveness in Adolescence
Authors: Arinin Anatoly Nikolaevich , Aleksandrova Lyubov Andreevna
Published: October 2021

This article analyzes the correlation between the type of family education and the manifestation of aggressive behavior in adolescence.
The relevance of this study is determined by the influence of family education on the development of aggressive behavior of a teenager, as a result of which this is one of the most acute problems today.
The aim of the study is to identify and study aggression in adolescents, as well as to establish the relationship between family education and aggression in adolescents.
It is hypothesized that there is a connection between the aggression of adolescents and the type of family education.
Materials and methods of research. The study involved students of 9 «B» in the number of 30 teenagers aged 14–15 years, including 15 boys and 15 girls. The stages and a set of psychological techniques are described.
The results of the study showed that 66.7% (20 parents) have violations in family education. This number includes parents who have destructive and mixed types of family interaction, adolescents have a high and average level of aggression, of which 30% (9 adolescents) are boys and 36.7% (11 adolescents) are girls. Moreover, the level of aggressiveness is more pronounced in young men. Based on this, we can say that young men are more affected by the inharmonious style of family education. We found that the assumption that there is a link between the aggressiveness of adolescents and the type of family upbringing was confirmed. It is necessary to understand that what is laid down in the family is the determining reason for the development of a system of values and a culture of human relationships.
Ethnocultural Component of Content of Education in Intercultural Context
Authors: Nikolaeva Tatyana Nikolaevna
Published: October 2021

The work is devoted to the problem of co-learning of languages ​​and cultures in a multiethnic region. Introduction. Addressing the problem of ethnocultural education in the context of the ongoing changes in the life of society is due to reasons that require timely response and adjustments to the process of education and upbringing, especially among young people. The purpose of the study is to generalize the theoretical and practical approaches to teaching a foreign (German) language, taking into account local ethnographic material. Methods. The work represents the author's reflections on the problems of ethnocultural education. Research results. To solve the problem of filling the content of ethno-oriented education based on knowledge of the elements of everyday culture, traditional culture, linguistic picture of the world, it is necessary to include in the process of teaching a foreign language topics, issues related to the sphere of everyday life of northerners, their living conditions, family relations, rules of behavior, traditions, rituals. Conclusions. Currently, educational institutions are changing the approach to teaching foreign languages ​​towards the development of communicative and intercultural competence of students, which involves the co-learning of languages ​​and cultures of both the country of the target language and the native land. This can be facilitated by a balanced selection of the content of the «Foreign language» subject at the expense of the ethnocultural component as a reserve that forms intercultural competence for socialization in the world space.
About the Celebrities of the First Decades of the XX-th Century Carrying Uncharacteristic for the Turkmens of the Surname with Indicators -sky and -skaja: the Mamed-Khan Tekinsky
Authors: Soyegov Myratgeldi
Published: October 2021

The article covers the questions connected with life and activity of a certain circle of known people, many of which were born in Turkmenistan, at will of destiny at children's age were brought up out of the primary native land. The Mamed-khan Tekinsky (1880?–1938) was one of those which description of destiny became the primary goal for the author of given article. Basiing on the historical and biographical method, the main milestones in the life and work of celebrities of the first decades of the twentieth century, who bore surnames uncharacteristic for the Turkmen, were identified, in particular, Mamed Khan Tekinsky. During the study it was revealed that information about him can be found in the state archive of the Odessa region of Ukraine, many materials can be found in the works of Azerbaijani scientists, at the same time, his fate after April 1920 is unknown. The conclusions emphasize the need to continue the study of the biography of Mamed Khan Tekinsky, namely his Turkmen period, in order to fully present the biography and biography of Mamed Khan Tekinsky – a lawyer, statesman, an outstanding diplomat of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic – the first state of the Turkic peoples of the European type.