bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of serum adenosine deaminase and c-reactive protein levels in preeclampsia
Authors: Dasaraju Rajesh , Joshi Yogita , Muppala Thejaswini , Shafeekh Sharin
Published: December 2024

Preeclampsia is one of the common medical complications during pregnancy and is one of the top five causes of maternal death in the world. Preeclampsia is defined as development of hypertension, proteinuria and edema at or after 20 weeks of gestation. The main aim of this study was to estimate and compare levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and C- reactive protein (CRP) in serum of preeclampsia and normotensive pregnant women.

This case control study included 120 subjects who were pregnant and in the age group of 19-35 years. 60 preeclampsia patients were taken as cases and 60 age matched healthy primigravida as controls. After obtaining ethical clearance and taking informed consent, ADA and CRP levels were analysed. Serum CRP was estimated by immunoturbidimetric method and ADA was estimated by colorimetric method on a spectrophotometer. Results are expressed as mean±SD. Comparison of two study groups was done using unpaired student’s t test. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

There was significant increase in the serum levels of ADA and CRP in cases of preeclampsia in comparison to normotensive pregnant women.

Elevated levels of serum ADA suggests the role of probable decreased cell mediated immunity in normal pregnancy and increased cell mediated immunity in preeclampsia. Increased CRP levels reflect the inflammatory response in progression of disease. Estimation of ADA and CRP parameters is inexpensive and can be of some diagnostic and prognostic significance in preeclampsia.
Study of the effect of anemia and blood transfusion on the severity of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Barma Saroj Kumar , Pradhan Smriti Shikha , Das Dillip Kumar , Das Kedarnath , Murmu Mangal Charan
Published: December 2024

: The incidence of ROP is reported to be around 20-25% in the screened preterm babies. The relationship of anemia with ROP is difficult to study due to many factors affecting blood hemoglobin values, especially blood transfusions. Once an infant has received a blood transfusion, the anemia is temporarily resolved and hemoglobin values increase.

A review of literature showed a scarcity of data on the association of anemia in the progression of ROP from the Indian subcontinent. Hence this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of anemia on the progression and severity of ROP.

After getting clearance from the institutional clearance committee this hospital based observational study was done in the Nursery of SVP PG Institute of Pediatrics & SCB Medical College, Cuttack from October 2019 to September 2021.

Out of 200 patients 70 patients (35%) were anemic and 130 patients (65%) were non anemic. The mean number of blood transfusion was 0.53±0.85 ranging from 0-4. 130 patients did not receive any blood transfusion. 1-2 blood transfusions while 9 patients received 3-4 blood transfusions. In 129 patients (54.5%) the severity of ROP regressed while 71 patients (35.5%) developed severe ROP.

EGA at birth strongly correlated with severity of ROP (p<0.001). the prevalence of anemia, the primary parameter in question, to be significantly higher in the group that developed severe ROP.
Evaluation of binocular once only instillation of timolol maleate 0.5% eye drop for treatment of presbyopia
Authors: Roy Parthasarathi , Kar Sanjukta
Published: December 2024

When beta 2 mediated relaxing effect on ciliary muscle is blocked by Timolol maleate 0.5% eye drop, then there is increase of tonic accommodation, thus presbyopia is corrected. Therefore purpose of this placebo controlled trial is to determine and compare the near point of accommodation and amplitude of accommodation of the subjects before and after instillation of Timolol maleate 0.5% eye drop.

After getting approval from the Institutional ethics committee, and informed consent,we recruited 40 emmetropic subjects (80 eyes) of ages between 35-45 years, and randomly assigned them to binocular once only instillation of one drop of Timolol maleate 0.5% eye drop (intervention group, 20 subjects) or Normal saline eye drop (Control group, 20 subjects). Near points of Accommodation (NPA) were measured in these 40 subjects by RAF rule prior to giving eye drop and then at half hourly interval after instillation till effect started to wean off.

The statistical software SPSS version 25 was used for the analysis.

Prospective assessor masked, randomised controlled interventional study.

We found that the effect on NPA started to wean off after 8 hrs. However after an initial steady fall between 1-4 hr, NPA maintained a steady state between 4-8 hrs of instillation at points closer to eye by an average of 5.79 +/- 2.87cm (P < 0.001).This tantamounts to presbyopia correction of + 1.21 +/- 0.42 Dioptre (P < 0.001) sustained for 4 hrs between 4hrs and 8 hrs after instillation of drop.

One drop of Timolol maleate 0.5% eye drop instilled binocularly can achieve correction of presbyopia to the tune of + 1.21 +/- 0.42 Dioptre, sustained for 4 hrs between 4 and 8 hrs after instillation.
Unusual combination of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection with atrial septal defect, pulmonary tuberculosis and intraosseous lipomas
Authors: Mahajan Ayush , Nair Girija , Patel Shahid , Deshpande Priya , Bhanushali Manas , Sarangdhar Nikhil
Published: December 2024

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is an infrequent congenital heart anomaly where the pulmonary veins deviate from their normal course and drain into superior vena cava on the right side of the heart instead of the right atrium resulting in abnormally excessive blood flow to the lungs and the right heart, ultimately leading to heart failure over time. This case report describes a 24-year-old female with a 2-month history of fever, loss of appetite, and generalized weakness. The patient's chest radiograph and High -Resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) scan showed findings consistent with Pulmonary tuberculosis and PAPVC. The patient was started on anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT) for tuberculosis and sildenafil citrate for the resultant pulmonary hypertension and her symptoms resolved within 4 weeks. The patient was advised for transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), which she declined. This case report highlights the importance of considering all possible diagnoses in patients with a combination of unrelated diseases presenting with atypical clinical features. It also highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to managing patients with PAPVC and other complex congenital heart defects with coexisting tuberculosis and intraosseous lipomas.
Multidisciplinary approach for the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck lesions: A transdisciplinary perspective
Authors: A M Abhilash , Kumaraswamy Nagarathna Hosalli
Published: December 2024

Abnormal lesions in the head and neck may be common or have rare occurrences. It is a significant challenge for otorhinolaryngologists to diagnose these conditions for the betterment of the patients. The presence of these lesions is a frequent reason for patients to seek otolaryngologist advice. Sometimes these lesions may gradually progress or rapidly threaten the patient’s life. They can be infectious, benign or malignant, and a detailed history, investigations, and multidisciplinary approach involving the other specialities is paramount. Arriving at a quick diagnosis and treatment outcome with regular follow-up becomes important to benefit the patients.
Preparation for and Response to a Ransomware Attack in the Organization: Cybersecurity Best Practices
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank,   Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD)
Published: December 2024

This document presents a series of best practices for improving the organizations ability to prepare for and respond to a ransomware event. The text is intended to assist the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and decision-makers within the organization in preparing for and coping with a ransomware event in the organization. Other actors that may gain added value from this document are the Chief Information Officer (CIO), a Cybersecurity Methodologies Specialist, a Cybersecurity Implementer Specialist, a Cybersecurity Technology Specialist (Cybersecurity Architect), and data/teleprocessing/information technology (IT) and system communication personnel. This publication is part of the "Cybersecurity Best Practices" collection, a compendium of practices, methodologies and recommendations in cybersecurity oriented to organizations, developed by the Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD), and adapted in this series by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), with the objective of facilitating access to this body of knowledge throughout the Latin American and Caribbean region.
Arreglos institucionales para una gestión eficiente de la inversión pública: una revisión de los sistemas nacionales de inversión pública (SNIP) en América Latina y el Caribe y experiencias destacadas
Authors: Aron Sofía , Choi Jae , Carrasco Haydeeliz , Cartes Fernando , Contreras Eduardo , Groom Simon , Mac Dowell Maria Cristina , Tamblay Loreto
Published: December 2024

Este estudio está enfocado en explorar los arreglos institucionales de la gestión de la inversión pública (GIP) que permiten una ejecución eficiente de dicha inversión. Para ello, explora cuatro casos internacionales distinguidos por sus buenas prácticas: Australia, Chile, Corea del Sur y el Reino Unido. La intención es comprender los arreglos institucionales de estas experiencias para considerar su posible adaptación e implementación en América Latina y el Caribe. Paralelamente, revisa con detalle el estado actual de la GIP en la región, contextualizando las necesidades y áreas de oportunidad en la materia.
Not Just Taxes: Revenue, Economic Growth and Inequality in the Caribbean
Authors: Reyes-Tagle Gerardo , Ruprah Inder J. , Baca Campodónico Jorge F.
Published: December 2024

This book explains why in the effective tax burden is generally low in many Caribbean countries despite their high statutory tax rates. The narrow tax bases are due to a complex system of tax expenditures (exemptions, incentives, deductions, preferential rates, tax holidays, allowances, and discretionary waivers, etc.) and the presence of a large informal sector, which in turn contribute to low economic growth and income inequality. Reform implies enlarging the tax base by reducing tax expenditures, including the informal sector, changing statutory rates, and strengthening tax administrations and customs. The book places heavy emphasis on the pernicious effects of tax expenditures a common feature of tax policy throughout the region that degrades the horizontal and vertical equity of the tax system, erodes the tax base, adds complexity, and decreases transparency, making tax administration more difficult. Therefore, one of the most important messages of this book is the need to carry out a process of rationalization of the use of tax expenditures, considering their combined and simultaneous effects in all sectors. This is central to any tax reform process in the region, which should also include measures to broaden the tax base, reduce statutory rates and tariffs, and strengthen tax administration.
TÜRKİYE’DE HALİFELİĞİN KALDIRILMASININ İTALYAN KAMUOYUNDA YANSIMALARI
Authors: Mengeş Yeter
Published: December 2024

Türkiye’de 3 Mart 1924 tarihinde TBMM’de çıkarılan kanunlarla halifelik kaldırılmış ve Osmanlı hanedanının Türkiye dışına çıkarılması kararı alınmıştır. İtalyan kamuoyu bu dönemde kısa süre önce iktidara gelmiş bulunan Mussolini ve Faşist Parti’nin iktidarını sağlamlaştırmak için çıkarmaya çalıştığı seçim yasaları, İngiltere ile devam etmekte olan Giubaland-Menteşe Adaları pazarlıkları gibi iç ve dış önemli siyasal gelişmelerle meşgul bulunmaktadır.
Bu meşguliyetlere rağmen topraklarında önemli sayıda Müslüman nüfus bulunan İtalya’da hilafetin kaldırılması ve sonrasında meydana gelen gelişmelere ilişkin haberler yakından takip edilmekte ve konu İtalyan gazetelerinde sıklıkla yer almaktadır. Bu konuda İtalyan Şarkiyatçı bilim insanlarının yaptığı değerlendirmeler İtalyan basınında yer almakta, hilafetle Papalığı karşılaştırma eğilimi dikkat çekmektedir.
İtalyan kamuoyunda hilafetin kaldırılması yer alan genel olarak bağımsız ve özgür bir cumhuriyet olarak Türkiye’nin verdiği bu karar olumlu olarak ve saygıyla karşılanmakla birlikte Türkiye’nin bu karar sonrasında Pan-İslamist politikalardan vazgeçmiş olduğu belirtilmektedir. Diğer yandan, hilafetin kaldırılması kararını-dikkat çekici bir şekilde-laikliğe giden yolda önemli bir adım olduğu tespiti yapan gazeteciler de bulunmaktadır. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın önce saltanatı kaldırıp hilafeti muhafaza etmek suretiyle bir geçiş dönemi stratejisi izlediği, bundan sonra uygun bir zamanlama ile hilafeti de kaldırmış olduğu tespiti de İtalyan gazetelerinde yer almaktadır.
Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de hilafetin kaldırılması ve sonrasında meydana gelen gelişmelerin İtalyan kamuoyundaki yansımaları; İtalyan ve İngiliz ve diplomatik belgeleri ile dönemin İtalyan basınında yer alan haber ve yorumlardan istifade edilerek açıklanmıştır.
ANTALYA MINTIKASI MAARİF EMİNLİĞİ VE MAARİF EMİNLERİ (1926-1931)
Authors: Güçlü Muhammet
Published: December 2024

Antalya Mıntıkası Maarif Eminliği, Maarif Eminleri Talimatnamesi gereği 1926-1931 yılları arasında faaliyet göstermiştir. Çalışmada Antalya Mıntıkası Maarif Eminliği ile Antalya’da görev yapan maarif eminlerinin kısa hayat hikayeleri ve eminlik dönemlerinde yaptıkları faaliyetler üzerinde durulmuştur. Ülke genelinde önce altıncı sonra dokuzuncu sırada yer alan Antalya Mıntıkası Maarif Eminliği’nde muallim, gazeteci, Edirne Maarif Müdürü İsmail Habib Bey (Sevük) ile Ankara eski Maarif Müdürü ve Bakanlık Birinci Sınıf Umum Müfettişi Ali Rıza Bey (Esen) görev yapmıştır. İsmail Habib Bey’in görev süresi bir yıl kadar sürmüştür. Bu sırada eğitim-öğretim işlerinin yanında mıntıkada bulunan Burdur ve Isparta vilayetlerinde inceleme yaptığı görülmektedir. Görevine tam ısınamadan 14 Haziran 1927 tarihinde Ragıb Nureddin’in yerine Adana Maarif Eminliği’ne atanmıştır. Maarif Eminliği kaldırılana kadar 1927-1931 yılları arasında Adana Maarif Emini olarak görev yapmıştır. Ali Rıza Bey’in Antalya Mıntıkası Maarif Eminliği döneminde eğitim işlerinin yanında Antalya surlarının Belediye tarafından yıkılması ile mıntıkada bulunan eski eserlerin tespiti ve korunması hakkında çalışmalar yapılmıştır. 1930 yılı Ekim ayında yapılan olaylı Antalya Belediye seçimleri üzerine Antalya’ya bir günlük inceleme ziyaretinde bulunan Gazi Mustafa Kemal Paşa, 11 Şubat 1931 tarihinde Taşucu’ndan Başvekil İsmet Paşa’ya çektiği telgrafında Antalya Maarif Emini Ali Rıza Bey’in siyasi işlere bulaştığını ve görevden alınması gerektiğini belirtmiştir. Bu durumda Ali Rıza Bey 1927-1931 yılları arasında Antalya Maarif Emini olarak görev yapmıştır.
Антиконкурентные должностные преступления как основание уголовной ответственности
Authors: Даниловская Анна Владимировна
Published: December 2024

Illegal activities of officials of state authorities and local self-government that restrict competition constitute a socially dangerous act of corruption committed in the economic sphere. One of its forms is the conclusion of anti-competitive agreements by officials of these bodies with business entities, prohibited by antimonopoly law. According to the National Security Strategy, this type of behavior represents a threat to national security, the fight against which is one of the important tasks facing the state. The criminal legal means of combating it, provided for by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, are imperfect; they are characterized by problems not only of a theoretical, but also of a practical nature. The article provides an analysis of the existing situation and suggests ways to resolve it. One of them is a proposal to introduce an independent basis for criminal liability for agreements restricting competition between officials and business entities.
Programas de cumplimiento como atenuante y eximente de responsabilidad penal para personas jurídicas: análisis comparativo
Authors: Argudo Coronel Carla , Abad Matute Karen Andrea , Palacios Rodas Cristian Andrés
Published: December 2024

El Compliance program, o programa de cumplimiento corporativo, se presenta como una estrategia clave en el ámbito jurídico-penal para prevenir delitos como la corrupción, el lavado de activos. Este conjunto de políticas y procedimientos busca que las empresas implementen mecanismos internos que aseguren el cumplimiento normativo y la autorregulación. A diferencia de otros países como España y Chile, donde el compliance puede eximir de responsabilidad penal, en Ecuador solo se considera como un atenuante. Esta falta de normatividad clara limita la efectividad del programa y genera inseguridad jurídica. Es fundamental que Ecuador adapte su legislación para reconocer el compliance como una herramienta integral que no solo prevenga delitos, sino que también ofrezca protección legal a las organizaciones que actúan de buena fe.
análisis a la impugnación de paternidad por reconocimiento voluntario en Ecuador
Authors: Valarezo Cordero Juan Fernando , Baculima Japón Julio Leonardo
Published: December 2024

El reconocimiento voluntario de hijos en Ecuador es un acto jurídico irrevocable que busca proteger los derechos e identidad de los infantes. Si bien puede ser impugnado por vicios específicos, el padre solo puede intentar la nulidad del acto por incapacidad, falta de consentimiento real o ilicitud, siendo insuficiente la mera ausencia de vínculo biológico. Existe un debate sobre el valor probatorio del ADN en juicios de impugnación, donde algunos expertos consideran que negarle relevancia ante un posible error del padre registral podría afectar sus derechos. Se han planteado posturas que excepcionalmente permitan revertir reconocimientos con inconsistencias extremas entre las verdades biológica y formal, pero bajo causales legales acotadas para prevenir abusos y proteger al niño. Tradicionalmente, la jurisprudencia ecuatoriana ha priorizado el interés superior del niño y su derecho a la identidad y vínculos paternofiliales constituidos sobre el esclarecimiento genético.
Regula Iuris: Mentiri Non Licet Agendo
Authors: Betancourt Serna Fernando
Published: December 2024

Hasta el siglo XX se aplicó en Occidente el principio (regula iuris) de que en un juicio criminal (ius criminale) el acusado tiene derecho a no declarar contra sí mismo. Este no es más que corolario de la presunción iuris tantum de la inocencia (hasta que se demuestra lo contario) del acusado. En el siglo XXI, con la jurisprudencia francesa y española, se introduce “el derecho a mentir del acusado” —con maniqueísmo excluye al testigo—. Se viola así la regula iuris de ius naturale: mentiri non licet agendo (no es lícito mentir litigando).
Presentación del dossier: Continuidad histórica de los aforismos jurídicos - regulae iuris - del Derecho procesal
Authors: Prado Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: December 2024

Presentación del dossier: Continuidad histórica de los aforismos jurídicos - regulae iuris - del Derecho procesal.
Transversalización de la perspectiva de género en posgrados en educación de Zacatecas-México: percepción de las investigadoras SNI
Authors: Magallanes Delgado María del Refugio , Rangel Bernal Laura
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el proceso de transversalización de la perspectiva de género en la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, a partir del caso de la Unidad Académica de Docencia Superior, que aglutina a cuatro posgrados en educación. Se aplicó la metodología del estudio de caso, usando dos técnicas para la recolección de información: encuesta y revisión documental. Se aplicó un cuestionario con una escala tipo Likert, la muestra estuvo conformada por 12 investigadoras de esta unidad que cuentan con la distinción SNI y se analizó documentación administrativa aplicando un procedimiento cualitativo. Como resultados se encontró que la mayoría de las participantes considera que es importante transversalizar esta perspectiva en el ámbito universitario, pero no todas la aplican en sus actividades de docencia e investigación. Una de las áreas de mejora que se detectó fue la comunicación de las actividades institucionales relacionadas con este tema y la invitación a las investigadoras a participar en la creación de políticas y protocolos institucionales en esta materia. Mediante el análisis documental se encontraron indicios de transversalización en los ámbitos de la investigación y la docencia, principalmente en uno de los programas de maestría. Se concluye que la transversalización de la perspectiva de género en esta Unidad, y en general en la universidad, está en construcción y que es necesario dar mayor difusión a las políticas institucionales con perspectiva de género y hacer partícipes a las investigadoras SNI para que se reconozcan como agentes clave de este proceso.
Dimensiones de la vida cotidiana potenciadas por las experiencias estéticas y culturales de personas con padecimientos subjetivos
Authors: Arias Anabel
Published: December 2024

El artículo presenta un trabajo de investigación realizado con el apoyo de las Becas Salud Investiga 2022-2023, otorgada por el Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, a través de la Dirección de Investigación en Salud. En la interfaz de los campos del arte, la salud y la cultura, aborda los procesos creadores y las experiencias culturales de personas con padecimientos subjetivos que han recibido diagnósticos en salud mental e integran grupalidades en contextos institucionales. Se buscó conocer cómo se expresan y qué continuidades establecen dichos procesos y experiencias estéticas en la vida cotidiana. Para dar respuesta desde una perspectiva socio-crítica, este estudio cualitativo tuvo un diseño exploratorio-descriptivo. Se realizaron observaciones y entrevistas en cuatro espacios grupales (música, teatro, radio y experimentación plástica) ofrecidos en un hospital monovalente de la región centro-este del país, en el periodo 2022-2023. 
El análisis del corpus de datos permitió reconstruir la diversidad de propuestas grupales promovidas en la institución desde una perspectiva histórica, describir las etapas implicadas en los procesos creadores y finalmente, ubicar tres dimensiones de transformación de la vida cotidiana en la que esos procesos creadores son apropiados. Estas son: una dimensión estética que refiere a los sentidos respecto de cómo son vivenciadas estas experiencias y el lugar que ocupa el hacer creador en la vida cotidiana; una dimensión socializante que ubica sentidos relacionados a la posibilidad de construir vínculos soportes de lo cotidiano; y una dimensión proyectiva, que refleja sentidos vinculados a la ampliación de territorios de participación social y la emergencia de narrativas que permiten localizar perspectivas de futuro en los proyectos de vida.
Se concluye en que estos espacios cuentan con una larga trayectoria en la institución, pudiendo ubicarse continuidades entre los procesos creadores y la vida cotidiana con potencial de transformación singular, grupal, comunitario, social y cultural.
VIVA ESTAMPA: práctica artística, promoción de salud y transformación social
Authors: Abadía Agustina , Abregu Paula , Figallo Mercedes
Published: December 2024

Viva Estampa es un dispositivo comunitario que aborda la promoción/prevención de salud mental; facilita la habilitación y la inclusión social y cultural a través de procesos y prácticas artísticas territoriales. Se posiciona desde el marco de la Ley Nacional de Salud Mental N° 26.657 y desde la perspectiva de género, derechos humanos y salud mental comunitaria. 
Se desarrolla en el Museo de Artes Plásticas “Eduardo Sívori” mediante talleres abiertos a la comunidad desde el año 2007. Depende del Área Programática del Hospital Moyano, en el marco del Programa de Inclusión Cultural Comunitario, y es efector del Programa de Inclusión Sociocultural de la Dirección General de Salud Mental del Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Realizamos intervenciones en la comunidad y articulamos generando tramas de forma interministerial, intersectorial e interinstitucional. Focaliza en los intersticios entre diversos actores y enfrenta, en esta complejidad, las limitaciones que impone el sistema haciendo porosas las fronteras como una manera activista de resistencia.
Trabaja con jóvenes y adultxs con y sin problemática severa de salud mental. Conforma grupos de trabajo heterogéneos desde el respeto y afecto, el rescate/valor de lo singular y la potencialidad de lo colectivo. Disputa enunciaciones en territorio. Pensando el arte como herramienta de transformación social, pone en tensión el lugar que ocupa en cada unx la salud mental, tanto desde la salud y la enfermedad. Busca a través de acciones y prácticas artísticas desactivar/interpelar estigmas y prejuicios del imaginario social. Favorece la vinculación, construcción de lazos sociales y la resignificación de capas identitarias de todxs sus participantes. Pensando a la práctica artística como performativa de identidades. 
Aborda la complejidad de situaciones respecto recortes de ciudadanía, pérdida de derechos sociales y exclusión de oportunidades desde los múltiples determinantes que forman parte de esta problemática. Viva Estampa construye en red Cultura Arte-Afectiva (Corvalan, 2021).
ROLE OF CULTURALLY RELEVANT INSTRUCTION IN ENHANCING SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING FOR MARGINALISED STUDENTS
Authors: Zhou Lu , Hassan Hafizah Che
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the intersection of culturally relevant pedagogy and social-emotional learning (SEL) to foster engagement, belonging and improved outcomes among marginalised elementary school students. Using a qualitative case study approach, this study examines how integrating culturally tailored teaching practices with SEL frameworks positively impacts emotional and social development. Data collected through classroom observations, teacher interviews, and student surveys highlight the significant role of culturally relevant SEL in addressing systemic inequities and promoting inclusive learning environments. The findings suggest that culturally aligned SEL programmes improve academic engagement and strengthen students' sense of identity and community. The recommendations focus on expanding culturally responsive teaching practices and incorporating them into SEL professional development programmers.
Analysis of Indonesian Islamic banking performance using Sharia Maqasid Index and simple additive weighting rating
Authors: Malik Ahmad Dahlan , Asyhad Muhammad , Jannah Nurul , Nuraini Wulan
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the performance of Islamic Commercial Banks (ICB) and Islamic Banking Units (IBU) in Indonesia in 2021-2023 based on the Sharia Maqasid Index (SMI) and Simple Additive Weighting Rating (SAWR). Assessment of the performance of ICB and IBU in the Annual Report so far is only based on financial ratios, so it cannot evaluate the basic principles of Islamic banks. Therefore, the SMI and SAWR approaches are used to measure the performance of Islamic banks. The object of this research is 13 ICB and 20 IBU registered with OJK (Financial Services Authority). The results showed that the highest total score was Bank Mega Syariah (BMS) in 2021, Bank Panin Dubai Syariah (BPDS) in 2022 and 2023, IBU BPD Nagari (Sumatra Barat) in 2021 and 2023, and IBU BPD Jawa Timur in 2022. Each ICB and IBU has generally been able to carry out all of its objectives, namely Tahdzib al-fard (educating individuals), Iqamah al-adl (upholding justice), and Jabl al-Maslahah (Creating welfare). This research provides implications for further evaluation and development regarding the appropriate performance assessment of ICB and IBU and the following Sharia principles prioritizing the benefit of the people
Temporalities in 3D: Speeds, Intersections, and Time Sequentialities at the Portuguese Border
Authors: Carapeto Mafalda
Published: December 2024

This article addresses the Portuguese border control regime by looking into the relationship dynamics between inspectors and foreign citizens at the first line of inspection. Through the lens of temporality, I consider how the presence or absence of certain bureaucratic records presented by travellers functions as a control device that produces three temporal dimensions which intersect with each other during the check, as exercised by inspectors. The way in which certain documents result in different speeds of document control (microtemporalities—advances, retreats, and hesitation); subsequently, I reflect on the elasticity of time, looking at the intersection between the past, present, and future; finally, I analyse how inspectors shift their gaze from the documents to the details they are composed of, thus introducing a sequential dimension to their assessment. This article argues that the uncertainty experienced by travellers reflects the instability and inconsistency of the state, caused by the contingency that permeates their encounters at the border where time operates as a technique of power. The study is based on 11 months of ethnographic fieldwork conducted in 2021 and 2022, centred on the daily life of the inspectors of the Portuguese Immigration and Borders Service at an airport in mainland Portugal.
Keywords: anthropology of the state; external border; temporalities of migration; control devices.
Border Temporalities of an Old Letter: A Hermeneutic Interpretation of Cross-Border Veteran Welfare
Authors: Venken Machteld
Published: December 2024

The article uses the concept of border temporalities to offer a hermeneutic interpretation of an old letter containing a request from a cross-border female migrant from Luxembourg to access French welfare benefits. In doing so, it systematically unravels the way in which time was lived and experienced differently by borderland residents as opposed to French lawmakers. The alternative temporality characterizing the third space of the Luxembourgian–German–French borderlands clashed with the spatio-temporal hierarchy imposed by France in the period after the First World War to exclude the majority of people living abroad from access to social provision. The article concludes its hermeneutic circle with a reflection on how historical research on borders and borderlands is conditioned by the temporality of archives and the temporality of research funding.
Keywords: Luxembourg; France; Germany; hermeneutics; welfare; veterans; First World War.
Living in the Time of the State: Border Temporalities in the Northern Irish Borderlands
Authors: Andersen Dorte Jagetic
Published: December 2024

In dialogue with Sarah Green’s concepts of “traces” and “tidemarks”, as well as a notion of “storytelling”, and Michel de Certeau’s allusion to “ghosts”, I revisit the Irish borderlands more than 20 years after the Good Friday Agreement. I show how everyday life in these borderlands (still) locates in border temporalities articulated as the continual drawing of lines, deeply embedding what I call “the time of the state”. The lines of division and belonging narrate in relation to two periods of time: the Troubles and the island’s British imperial past, appearing materially in the landscape and cityscapes with an ever-present rearticulation of physical divisions by walls and fences and related symbolism, informing and ordering everyday practice. In these borderlands it is not just the popular storytelling about the conflicts that survives, but also a multiplicity of practices associated with them, dividing the population and turning the landscape ghostlike as supposedly past conflicts continue to haunt the everyday lives of people living there.
Keywords: Northern Ireland; traces of lines; tidemarks; ghostly traces; practice-oriented approach.
Temporary Lives: Border Temporalities and Retirement Mobilities in a Turkish Tourism Hot Spot
Authors: Kosnick Kira
Published: December 2024

The recognition that state borders operate not only through a production and ordering of space but also of time has recently led to a more concerted interest in the temporal dimensions of borders. In the fields of migration and border studies, researchers have suggested that borders are implicated in the creation and transformation of particular “time-spaces” that hierarchically order space and time. These b/ordering practices tend to be examined in relation to states and state forces, often neglecting the importance of economic dimensions. This article contributes to analysing border temporalities in their hierarchical aspects by focusing on the complex relationship between political (state) borders and the frontiers of capital. This relationship is examined empirically through a focus on the lives of German retirement migrants in Turkey. While retirement migration is motivated by the search for a “good life” that is free from the temporal constraints of wage labour biographies, it will be shown that German retirement migrants are highly vulnerable to the temporal bordering processes produced by both state policies and transnational capitalist profit-seeking in the tourism and real estate sectors.
Keywords: international retirement migration; time-space compression; tourism; political economy
Of Being Stuck or Moving On: Border Temporalities Along the EU’s External Border in the Western Balkans
Authors: Leutloff-Grandits Carolin
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on two temporal dimensions of borders in an entangled perspective: first, the temporal dimension according to which borders may establish a temporal taxonomy by marking those living across the border as being more or less advanced or backward, and second, borders in the function of channelling mobility, accelerating or slowing down movements, or even bringing them to a standstill. Referring to social anthropological case studies at the EU external border between Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia, this article shows the entanglements of the different border temporalities and their impacts on migrants’ and locals’ self-perceptions. It argues that it is not only migrants from the Global South who dwell in a liminal time-space due to the increasing fortification of the border, but also that parts of the native population feel stuck due to the impossibility of imagining a future and of moving forward in life in their home region. This is reinforced by the movements of others leaving or transiting the region, a situation that has become symptomatic for the Western Balkans.
Keywords: border temporalities; spatio-temporal hierarchies; EU-external border; mobility; transit; liminality; Western Balkans.
Contested Frontiers: Borders and Border Spaces in the South Caucasus from the Second Half of the 19th Century to the 1920s
Authors: Maniero Arpine
Published: December 2024

A closer look at the 19th century ethnographic maps of the Caucasus reveals the demographic diversity of the region at the crossroads of three empires: the Persian, the Ottoman, and the Russian. To consolidate their power in this peripheral region, these empires, and later the Soviet authorities, experimented with various scenarios of resettlement, making the region an imperial “laboratory” with massive border shifts. This article discusses the processes of border development in the South Caucasus, beginning with the integration of this region into the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century and continuing until Sovietization in the early 1920s. During this period, the borders in this region were particularly characterized by constant discourses, territorial claims, identity struggles, and ethnic divisions. The article considers the emergence and function of borders and border spaces from the perspective of their temporal evolution and analyses their mutability over time in an era marked by wars, revolutions, conflicts, and political upheavals. The aim is to provide a better understanding of why borders, whose meaning had diminished almost to insignificance during the Soviet period, became subjects of conflict again, turning them into sites of unpredictable aggression.
Keywords: Armenia; Azerbaijan; war; contested borders; conflict; territoriality.
Rugged Paths, Challenging Borders: A Time for Drunken Horses
Authors: Alagoz Rezzan
Published: December 2024

A review of Bahman Ghobadi's 2000 film dramatizing the precarious life of smuggling in Kurdish borderlands.
Rethinking Oran Young's model for studying the effectiveness of international institutions: absorption and incorporation, and vulnerability as new variables
Authors: Sanches Rafaela Resende
Published: December 2024

This article proposes a theoretical reflection on the effectiveness of international institutions, expanding Oran R. Young's classic model and incorporating two new variables: “Absorption and Incorporation” and “Vulnerability”. Starting from a visit to the contributions of authors such as Duffield, Keohane and Nye on the subject, the work explores how the capacity of States to internalise institutional norms and rules, as well as their vulnerability to global problems, have a direct impact on the effectiveness of these institutions. Without claiming to be an immediate empirical analysis, the article offers a theoretical contribution to the field of International Relations, expanding Young's model and suggesting that future research apply these new variables in case studies. In doing so, it aims to advance the understanding of the mechanisms through which international institutions influence the behaviour of States and generate tangible results in global governance.
Desafios e incentivos na adoção de sistemas agroflorestais: um estudo de caso com agricultores familiares do município de Belterra, Pará.
Authors: Pauletto Daniela , Martorano Lucieta Guerreiro , Arco-Verde Marcelo Francia , Leal Relionan Pimentel , Magalhães Kaio Ramon de Sousa , Silva Ádria Fernandes da , Araujo Anselmo Junior Correa , Lopes Lucas Sérgio de Sousa
Published: December 2024

A adoção de sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) se mostra um desafio para agricultores familiares amazônicos. Assim, objetivou-se caracterizar aspectos socioeconômicos e compreender as perspectivas sobre os principais desafios e incentivos apontados pelos agricultores envolvidos no Projeto de Restauração Florestal (Prosaf) no município de Belterra, Pará. Foi realizada uma análise utilizando a matriz FOFA (Forças, Oportunidades, Fraquezas e Ameaças), com 17 agricultores familiares. As propriedades variam entre 7 e 189 hectares, sendo a agricultura a principal fonte de renda (71%). Identificaram-se 190 respostas sobre os SAFs: Forças, destacando fonte de renda (18,2%); Oportunidades, com ênfase em "Infraestrutura e recursos" (21,4%); Fraquezas, com destaque para "Tratos culturais" e "Assistência técnica" (ambos com 18,1%); e Ameaça, com "Predação silvestre" (18,8%). Conclui-se que os SAFs em Belterra geram renda, promovem resiliência e segurança alimentar, mas enfrentam desafios, como falta de assistência técnica e escassez hídrica, indicando a necessidade de apoio e fomento para a prática.
Edge and cloud integration: Optimizing Latency and Resource Allocation for IoT Applications
Authors: Muralidhara Pavan , Janardhan Vaishnavi
Published: December 2024

IoT applications have now emerged as a dominant force across a wide spectrum of industries, including healthcare and smart cities, while at the same time, the corresponding issues arising from latency and resource issues have become extremely complex. It is expected that the IoT environment across the world will consist of over 30 billion connected devices, and these devices will seem to contribute more than 79 zettabytes of data by 2030. These volumes demonstrate the absolute necessity of seeking solutions which may be effectively implemented and provide reasonable response time, while being efficiently computationally-scalable. There is an opportunity from the edge computing to decrease the latency in the system because the data are processed closer to the devices while the cloud computing provides a vast capacity for storage and computational requirements. Nonetheless, none of these paradigms taken solely can effectively cope with the requirements of today’s IoT. This paper analyses how edge and cloud computation systems, when used as a combined system, operates and provides an in-depth survey of latency minimisation techniques, resource management, and the compromise that comes with it. A new micro/macro hybrid architecture is introduced, where edge nodes would be used to handle real-time tasks, and the cloud would be utilized for big data computations. A number of simulated experiments indicate that the presented architecture cuts the latency by a quarter and increases the efficiency of resource utilization by a fifth, when compared to standard single-edge and standalone-cloud systems. These results highlight how hybrid edge-cloud architectures can support the requirements of IoT applications and offer theoretical contributions, as well as directional advice for subsequent implementations.
A novel approach for solving bi-level mono-objective and multi-objective programming problems using evolutionary algorithms
Authors: Bouguern Wafa , Addoune Smail , Debbiche Hanene
Published: December 2024

Bi-level programming problems (BLP) constitute an important class of non-convex optimization problems, which makes it challenging to find a global optimal solution. In this article, we propose an efficient technique to solve this category of problems. We reformulated the initial problem as a single-level optimization problem using the optimal value function of the lower-level problem. To solve the latter, we employed a technique based on -dense curves to approximate the value function of the lower-level problem. Two evolutionary algorithms were then used to solve the reformulated problem. Furthermore, we extended our method to address multi-objective bi-level programming problems with a single objective at the upper level and multiple objectives at the lower level, known as a semi-vectorial bi-level programming problem. Several numerical experiments on nonlinear BLP show the outstanding efficiency of our approach.
Giuseppe Naglieri, Giudicare e ottemperare: Uno studio comparato su soggetti, forme e modelli dell’esecuzione costituzionale
Authors: Chano Regaña Lorena
Published: December 2024

Giudicare e ottemperare: Uno studio comparato su soggetti, forme e modelli dell’esecuzione costituzionale de Giuseppe Naglieri es una obra de gran profundidad y rigor académico que aborda un tema tan pertinente e interesante para el estudio del Derecho Constitucional y del Derecho Público Comparado como es la ejecución de las decisiones de los tribunales constitucionales. A través de un enfoque comparado, el autor analiza las experiencias de Alemania, España,
Understanding hypothyroidism: A comprehensive readability survey of health information sources
Authors: Şenoymak Mustafa Can , Şenoymak İrem
Published: December 2024

Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the readability of Turkish-language online health information on hypothyroidism,
a common endocrine disorder and to determine whether this information is sufficiently comprehensible for patients.
Material and Methods: A descriptive document analysis was conducted using the Ateşman readability formula to evaluate the readability of Turkish websites providing information on hypothyroidism. The study analyzed 52 websites, chosen from the first 100 results in Google searches for "What is hypothyroidism?" (in Turkish). The sources of these websites were categorized into health professionals, private institutions, university hospitals, medical laboratories, and others. The average Word length (AWL) and average sentence length (ASL) were calculated for each website, and readability scores were analyzed.
Results: The AWL ranged from 2.64 to 3.17 syllables, and the ASL ranged from 5.2 to 14.2 words per sentence. The average Ateşman readability score was 58.8 ± 6.4, indicating a moderate difficulty level. Of the websites, 86.5% were moderately difficult, 9.6% difficult, and 3.8% easy to read. No significant differences were found between different website sources regarding readability scores (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: The study found that Turkish online information regarding hypothyroidism is moderately difficult to read, which may hinder accessibility for individuals with lower educational levels. Simplifying these resources could improve public understanding and patient engagement in managing hypothyroidism.
El camino hacia la omnicanalidad en la industria farmacéutica
Authors: Branca Diego
Published: December 2024

Tradicionalmente, la industria farmacéutica ha sido rezagada en la adopción de tecnologías digitales, pero actualmente experimenta una rápida transformación digital, catalizada por la convergencia de tecnología móvil, computación en la nube y la explosión de datos, agravada por la pandemia de COVID-19. Este proceso busca potenciar el valor organizacional, centrado en el cliente, mediante la sinergia entre tecnología, datos y capacidades analíticas. El modelo de relacionamiento emerge como crucial en la experiencia del consumidor, definiendo la interacción entre la marca y los clientes. El enfoque omnicanal, ejemplificado por Nike, se destaca al ofrecer experiencias fluidas e independientes del canal. Nike integra con éxito sus canales en línea y fuera de línea, personaliza recomendaciones, construye conexiones emocionales, incorpora tecnologías innovadoras y mantiene una comunicación consistente. Este artículo analiza la evolución hacia la omnicanalidad, destacando elementos clave en estrategias omnicanal farmacéuticas. Inspirándose en prácticas exitosas, la guía propuesta se enfoca en la experiencia del cliente, personalización, conexión emocional, integración tecnológica y coherencia comunicativa en todos los canales.
Expansion of Classes, Transfer of Function, and Preference Tests in Adult Participants
Authors: Arntzen Erik , Mysior Mateusz
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of transfer of function on preferences on different stimuli conditions in 15 adults. Participants were trained on six conditional discriminations arranged as one-to-many training (AB/AC) and tested for the emergence of three 3-member equivalence classes. Fourteen of 15 participants passed the equivalence test. For the 14 participants, the classes were expanded by training three new stimuli GOOD (D1), NEUTRAL (D2), and BAD (D3), to A1, A2, and A3 and followed by a test equivalence class formation including all relations. The participants were also tested for the preference of the B-stimuli before the conditional discrimination training and after the test for expansion of classes. In the preference test after the expansion test, participants were presented with the three B-stimuli mounted on pictures of identical objects in groups of three (three stimulus conditions). The pictures of objects were three identical soda cans, cars, and mobile phones. The main findings were that 3 of 14 participants picked B1 in the pretest while 8 of 14 participants picked B1 for all stimulus sets in the preference test.