bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BOOK REVIEW: IMPOVERISHMENT OF MADURESE SALT FARMERS
Authors: Jonggolelono Putut
Published: January 2024

Title             : Sosiologi GaramAuthor         : Iskandar DzulkarnainEditor          : Ragil Cahya MaulanaPublisher     : Cantrik PustakaISBN            : 978-623-6063-87-3Year             : 2023
BOOK REVIEW: SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ariyanto Komang
Published: January 2024

The book is 168 pages thick with content full of knowledge (theoretical and practical) through various interrelated concepts in building a better livelihood framework. This book is very worth reading. This reminds that it can be understood and can be used by institutions or individuals who want and are currently carrying out development work in poverty alleviation, as well as in development studies and multidimensional rural development. This book can be read, both theoretically and practically, to encourage rural development planners and local institutions to reflect again on policies that are pro-poor, pay attention to local parameters, and voice the aspirations of the community and local institutions at a more macro level. Finally, this book gives us an understanding of the study of rural development, especially poverty alleviation through the subject's livelihood. Moreover, in elaborating Henry Bernstein's political-economy approach which can be applied from the smallest unit, such as the household to a wider spectrum, to the global realm so that it can enrich and strengthen the analysis of sustainable livelihoods at various loci. However, this book also needs to add related issues related to connectivity and discussion with the global development agenda SGDs, and needs case studies on sustainable livelihoods globally as reference material and strengthens the political economy perspective that has been described in the case study.
SPIRITUAL TRANSFORMATION: A RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVE FOR ADDRESSING GANGSTERISM THROUGH THE PRACTICES OF PADEPOKAN SAPU JAGAT EAST JAVA
Authors: Fadillah Annisa , Arief Dwi , Trianti Rani , Pradana Dhiyaa Rifqi , Azis Abdul
Published: January 2024

The prevention and management of social issues that are considered normal are addressed using legal methods, such as implementing social penalties and legal-formal penalties through the court system. This study aims to propose a religious perspective as a means of addressing gangsterism. The research aims to elucidate the application of spiritual principles by the social institution, Padepokan Sapu Jagat, to those who have previously engaged in thuggery. This study employs a qualitative approach through the use of a case study methodology. Data gathering strategies were carried out in three ways, namely: 1) Firstly. The methods employed include the utilization of visual media such as photographs and movies, as well as direct observation at Padepokan Sapu Jagat Sukabumi. Conducted semi-structured interviews with 5 administrators of hermitages and 9 individuals who were previously involved in acts of thuggery. The findings indicated that Padepokan Sapu Jagad used the practice of pencak silat, which encompasses spiritual principles, as a method of exerting social influence over former delinquents. The spiritual ideals are derived from the Qur'an and Hadith, aiming to facilitate a constant transformation in the social conduct of former criminals.Pencegahan dan penanganan masalah sosial normatif dilakukan melalui pendekatan hukum, seperti pemberian sanksi sosial dan sanksi legal-formal melalui proses lembaga peradilan. Penelitian ini bermaksud menawarkan pendekatan relijius sebagai salah satu upaya untuk menangani premanisme. Fokus dari studi adalah mendeskripsikan bagaimana institusi sosial yakni Padepokan Sapu Jagat menerapkan nilai-nilai spiritual kepada mantan pelaku premanisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tiga cara, yaitu: 1). Dokumentasi dalam bentuk foto dan video; 2) observasi ke Padepokan Sapu Jagat Sukabumi; dan 3). Wawancara semi terstruktur ke 5 pengurus padepokan dan 9 mantan pelaku aksi premanisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Padepokan Sapu Jagad menggunakan pencak silat yang memiliki muatan nilai-nilai spiritual sebagai sarana kontrol sosial para mantan preman. Nilai-nilai spiritual ini diambilkan dari teks Al Quran dan Hadist (perkataan Nabi Muhammad) dengan tujuan agar mantan preman dapat secara konsisten merubah perilaku sosial mereka.
Evaluating Digital Technology Access and Usage among Teachers
Authors: Sarpong Godfred , Bonsu Michael Osei Tutu , Adu-Poku Achiaa
Published: January 2024

This study investigates teachers' access to digital technologies in Public Basic Schools in Asante Akim Central Municipality, Ghana. The study uses a quantitative approach to evaluate the availability and types of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools, teachers' motivational and physical comfort with digital technologies, and their skills and usage patterns. Engaging with 108 teachers highlights gaps in access to and use of ICT tools. The results demonstrate that while teachers have access to digital tools such as laptops and smartphones, their access to specific software and digital tools is limited. In terms of motivation, teachers are primarily intrinsically motivated to use digital technologies. Teachers exhibited comfort and confidence in utilizing ICT tools, indicating operational skills and access to ICT. The findings underline the need to address these educational implementation gaps and reduce the digital divide. This research contributes to the literature on digital technology access in developing countries and provides valuable insights for stakeholders involved in integrating educational technology.
Enhancing Public Trust in Islamic Boarding Schools through Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM): A Symbolic Interactionism Analysis
Authors: Baharun Hasan , Hasanah Sofiyatul
Published: January 2024

This study explores the impact of Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) on public trust in Islamic boarding schools, using Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School as a case study. Applying symbolic interactionism, the research aims to understand how E-WOM shapes public perceptions in this educational context. A qualitative approach employing naturalistic phenomenology and descriptive analysis involving observations, interviews, and documentation was used. The findings indicate that E-WOM, utilized since 2018 at Nurul Jadid, has significantly enhanced the school's public image and trust, notably increasing student enrollment and international attention. Key strategies include effective digital content creation and audience engagement. However, the study’s focus on a single institution suggests the need for broader research to generalize these findings. Implications for educational administrators and policymakers include strategic insights for digital communication and public engagement. This research contributes to the academic discourse in communication and educational studies, offering a novel application of symbolic interactionism in digital communication. Future research should examine E-WOM’s long-term effects on institutional reputation and explore its application in diverse educational settings.
Collaborative Development of Smart Villages: A Model with Pesantren Joglo Alit for Social, Cultural, Economic, and Ecological Enhancement
Authors: Qowim Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The research presented in this article seeks to reconstruct the concept of smart villages, focusing on the alignment with the aspirations of lecturers at the Educational Management Department at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. In collaboration with Pesantren Joglo Alit, a smart public space model was developed to pioneer Smart Village, emphasizing social, cultural, economic, and ecological enhancements to support a better quality of life. Through Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, and Results (SOAR) analysis on two levels—academic society aspiration and mutual partner aspiration—a prototype of smart villages was constructed. The research identifies three strategic issues: smart village, star-up for education, and laboratory for social service. Several alternative models for smart village development were explored, leading to the agreement on an enterprise model in the targeted village. The prototype implementation took 41 days, and its implications offer a nuanced understanding of how education can drive broader relevant competencies in smart village development. The findings have significant implications for education, rural development, and sustainability. Constraints such as low technology are acknowledged, and recommendations for future research and policy formulation are provided.
Programação linear aplicada na indústria e suas conexões com os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável
Authors: Hoose Anderson , Kripka Moacir
Published: January 2024

Vários problemas do mundo real podem ser modelados com o uso da Programação Linear, dentre eles, os temas voltados para a sua aplicação na indústria. Neste contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar as aplicações da Programação Linear na Indústria e suas conexões com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). A metodologia utilizada é uma análise sistemática e bibliométrica de artigos científicos indexados na base de dados Scopus, considerando a aplicação da programação linear na indústria. Também foram pesquisados os desafios, aspectos positivos e negativos, perspectivas e oportunidades no uso da programação linear e a sua conexão com os objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável. O estudo foi composto pela análise de 136 artigos, referente ao período de 2000 até julho de 2023. Foram gerados mapas temáticos com o uso do Bibliometrix, para orientar as discussões da pesquisa. Constata-se que é possível a aplicação da formulação de problemas da programação linear em várias atividades na indústria, nos assuntos de mão de obra, redução de estoque e atendimento da demanda. O maior desafio está na formulação de problemas que abrangem os aspectos da sustentabilidade, principalmente no uso da energia renovável e o impacto ambiental, que também são temas-motores neste campo de pesquisa.
De novo Transcriptome Analysis and Gene Expression Profiling of Corylus Species
Authors: Ulu Salih , Ulu Zehra Omeroglu , Akar Aysun , Ozgenturk Nehir Ozdemir
Published: January 2024

Hazelnut (Corylus), which has high commercial and nutritional benefits, is an important tree for producing nuts and nut oil consumed as ingredient especially in chocolate. While Corylus avellana L. (Euro­pean hazelnut, Betulaceae) and Corylus colurna L. (Turkish hazelnut, Betulaceae) are the two common hazelnut species in Europe, C. avellana L. (Tombul hazelnut) is grown as the most widespread hazelnut species in Turkey, and C. colurna L., which is the most important genetic resource for hazelnut breeding, exists naturally in Anatolia. We generated the transcriptome data of these two Corylus species and used these data for gene discovery and gene expression profiling. Total RNA from young leaves, flowers (male and female), buds, and husk shoots of C. avellana and C. colurna were used for two different libraries and were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq4000 with 100 bp paired-end reads. The transcriptome data 10.48 and 10.30 Gb of C. avellana and C. colurna, respectively, were assembled into 70,265 and 88,343 unigenes, respectively. These unigenes were functionally annotated using the TRAPID platform. We identified 25,312 and 27,051 simple sequen­ce repeats (SSRs) for C. avellana and C. colurna, respectively. TL1, GMPM1, N, 2MMP, At1g29670, CHIB1 unigenes were selected for validation with qPCR. The first de novo transcriptome data of C. co­lurna were used to compare data of C. avellana of commercial importance. These data constitute a valuable extension of the publicly available transcriptomic resource aimed at breeding, medicinal, and industrial research studies.
Cheirostylis Blume (Orchidaceae): a new generic addition to the orchid flora of Manipur state, Northeast India
Authors: Eshuo K Kazhuhrii Eshuo
Published: January 2024

The genus Cheirostylis, belonging to the Orchidaceae family, is represented by numerous species distributed worldwide. In India, the genus is represented by 10 species, with two species reported from Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats, and the remaining eight species from the Northwestern Himalayas and Northeastern regions. This study reports the occurrence of Cheirostylis griffithii Lindl. in Manipur, Northeast India, which is a new generic record for the state. The taxon was discovered in Pudunamei village and identified based on herbarium specimens and available literature. Detailed morphological descriptions and measurements were made using living plant specimens. The taxonomic treatment includes information on plant characteristics, distribution, and a comprehensive list of Indian Cheirostylis species. The species is a terrestrial orchid with fleshy stems, lanceolate bracts, pubescent flowers, connate sepals forming a tube, and a 3-lobed lip with deeply laciniate lobes. The occurrence of Cheirostylis in Manipur expands its distributional range within India. The study contributes to the documentation of the orchid flora of Manipur, which encompasses a diverse range of orchid taxa.
Brief Introduction on the Internationalization of Local Universities in China
Authors: Tan Xianjun , Lajium Denis Andrew D. , Pang Vincent
Published: January 2024

Local Universities are the main body of the higher education institutions in China. Under the guidance of the national policy, local universities have implemented educational internationalization. The development of educational internationalization, the implementation of educational internationalization, the sustenance mechanism of educational internationalization and problems of educational internationalization in the local universities of China are introduced in this research. Under the “Belt and Road” initiative, local universities in China should take various measures to develop educational internationalization.
Effective quasistatic evolution models for perfectly plastic plates with periodic microstructure: The limiting regimes
Authors: Bužančić Marin , Davoli Elisa , Velčić Igor
Published: January 2024

We identify effective models for thin, linearly elastic and perfectly plastic plates exhibiting a microstructure resulting from the periodic alternation of two elastoplastic phases. We study here both the case in which the thickness of the plate converges to zero on a much faster scale than the periodicity parameter and the opposite scenario in which homogenization occurs on a much finer scale than dimension reduction. After performing a static analysis of the problem, we show convergence of the corresponding quasistatic evolutions. The methodology relies on two-scale convergence and periodic unfolding, combined with suitable measure-disintegration results and evolutionary Γ-convergence.
Nie zu Ende: Professionelle Dilemmata im Bibliotheksberuf
Authors: Wimmer Ulla
Published: January 2024

Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit Dilemma-Situationen, die typisch für einen Berufsstand, eine Profession sind. Zunächst wird erklärt, inwiefern die Beschäftigung mit Dilemmata hilfreich für die Berufspraxis sein kann. Dann wird definiert, worin ein Dilemma allgemein besteht und was ein professionelles Dilemma im Besonderen ist. Es werden professionelle Dilemmata des Bibliotheksberufs skizziert, und zwar aus den Bereichen Management, Pädagogik und den spezifischen Werten des Bibliotheksberufs selbst. Am Ende gibt es Hinweise darauf, wie mit – eigentlich unauflösbaren – Dilemmata umgegangen werden kann. Als Instrument zur Darstellung und Analyse von Dilemmata wird das Wertequadrat von Schulz von Thun genutzt.
Melanin antibacterial activity of two new strains, SN1 and SN2, of Exophiala phaeomuriformis against five human pathogens
Authors: Benmessaoud Safaa , Anissi Jaouad , Kara Mohammed , Assouguem Amine , Gaga Younes , Ajdi Mouhcine , Ullah Riaz , Ali Essam A. , Ercisli Sezai , Fidan Hafize , Kaur Sawinder , Bahhou Jamila
Published: January 2024

Melanin is an almost ubiquitous pigment of brown to dark black color synthesized by living organisms. It has excellent potential for application in several fields, especially in pharmaceuticals. Yeasts are known for their ability to synthesize pigments, including melanin. These yeasts are considered black yeasts. However, there is little information on the synthesis of melanin by these yeasts. This work was designed to study the ability of black yeast to produce a diffusible dark pigment on agar. Two strains of black yeast, SN1 and SN2, were isolated from hydrocarbon-polluted soils. Based on morphological, physiological, and molecular analyses, the two strains SN1 and SN2 were identified as new species of the Exophiala phaeomuriformis strain. After pigment extraction, melanin was characterized using UV and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We found that melanin synthesis is strongly affected by light and optimal parameters such as temperature 30°C, salinity between 10 and 30 ppt, and basic pH. Both melanin extracts also showed inhibitory activity against pathogenic germs, and activities were observed on E. coli (33.33 ± 2.88 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29.33 ± 4.61 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (24.3 ± 7.65 mm). It was concluded that the melanin of the E. phaeomuriformis strain isolated from oil-polluted soils had high antibacterial activity. This high antibacterial activity could be a suitable source of new antibacterial natural products.
Effect of e-waste nanofillers on the mechanical, thermal, and wear properties of epoxy-blend sisal woven fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Immanuel Durai Raj Jebasingh , Durairaj Ramamoorthy Iyer Balasubramaniyan , John Rajan Amaladas , Barmavatu Praveen
Published: January 2024

Lignocellulosic biomass extracted from plants that contain rich amounts of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content can replace synthetic fibers in many engineering applications and is biodegradable. However, e-waste is rapidly evolving into one of the most serious environmental issues in the world owing to the presence of several toxic compounds that can contaminate the environment and pose a threat to human health. Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are one of the major components available in e-waste. In this research work, waste PCB (WPCB) powder is mixed in suitable proportions of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% with a lignocellulosic sisal woven fabric fiber mat, and blended with epoxy resin using the vacuum-assisted hand lay-up method. To determine the effect of particle size on the fabricated composites, mechanical, thermal, water absorption, surface roughness, and wear tests were conducted. It was found that the composition that contains 15% nanofiller composites gave better results in mechanical testing than the composition that contains 10% microfiller composites. Pin-on disc wear test and differential scanning calorimetric thermal test results show that 10% microfiller composites show better outcome results than 15% nanofiller composites. Testing values indicate that lignocellulosic sisal fiber composites with WPCB nano- and microfillers can be substituted for many engineering applications instead of being disposed of in landfills.
Weak base drug-induced endolysosome iron dyshomeostasis controls the generation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial depolarization, and cytotoxicity
Authors: Halcrow Peter W. , Quansah Darius N. K. , Kumar Nirmal , Solloway Rebecca L. , Teigen Kayla M. , Lee Kasumi A. , Liang Braelyn , Geiger Jonathan D.
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Approximately 75 % of marketed drugs have the physicochemical property of being weak bases. Weak-base drugs with relatively high pKa values enter acidic organelles including endosomes and lysosomes (endolysosomes), reside in and de-acidify endolysosomes, and induce cytotoxicity. Divalent cations within endolysosomes, including iron, are released upon endolysosome de-acidification. Endolysosomes are “master regulators of iron homeostasis”, and neurodegeneration is linked to ferrous iron (Fe2+)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via Fenton chemistry. Because endolysosome de-acidification-induced lysosome-stress responses release endolysosome Fe2+, it was crucial to determine the mechanisms by which a functionally and structurally diverse group of weak base drugs including atropine, azithromycin, fluoxetine, metoprolol, and tamoxifen influence endolysosomes and cause cell death.

Methods

Using U87MG astrocytoma and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, we conducted concentration-response relationships for 5 weak-base drugs to determine EC50 values. From these curves, we chose pharmacologically and therapeutically relevant concentrations to determine if weak-base drugs induced lysosome-stress responses by de-acidifying endolysosomes, releasing endolysosome Fe2+ in sufficient levels to increase cytosolic and mitochondria Fe2+ and ROS levels and cell death.

Results

Atropine (anticholinergic), azithromycin (antibiotic), fluoxetine (antidepressant), metoprolol (beta-adrenergic), and tamoxifen (anti-estrogen) at pharmacologically and therapeutically relevant concentrations (1) de-acidified endolysosomes, (2) decreased Fe2+ levels in endolysosomes, (3) increased Fe2+ and ROS levels in cytosol and mitochondria, (4) induced mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, and (5) increased cell death; effects prevented by the endocytosed iron-chelator deferoxamine.

Conclusions

Weak-base pharmaceuticals induce lysosome-stress responses that may affect their safety profiles; a better understanding of weak-base drugs on Fe2+ interorganellar signaling may improve pharmacotherapeutics.
CaO-enhanced polyester for safety: experimental study on fabrication, characterization, and gamma-ray attenuation
Authors: Marashdeh Mohammad W. , Mahmoud Karem A.
Published: January 2024

The current work deals with studying the influence of cheap, widespread CaO on improving the γ ray-protection capacity of the lightweight, sealing polyester. Therefore, polyester composites were filled with different concentrations of CaO fillers. The fabricated CaO-reinforced polyester composites’ density ranged between 1.177 g/cm3 and 1.377 g/cm3, when CaO filler concentrations increased between 0 wt% and 60 wt%, respectively. Fabricated composites’ morphology and chemical composition, as well as CaO fillers’ grain size and distribution, were proved using SEM and EDX spectroscopy. Additionally, the influence of CaO fillers on the gamma-ray shielding properties of the fabricated composites was evaluated using the Monte Carlo simulation and confirmed using the experimental measurements. The recorded results show an enhancement in the synthesized composites’ linear attenuation coefficient from 0.091 cm−1 to 0.106 cm−1 at a gamma ray energy of 0.662 MeV. Moreover, the excess in CaO concentration from 0 wt% and 60 wt% reduces the fabricated composites’ half-value thickness values from 7.64 cm to 6.51 cm, respectively.
Quadruple Beltrami field structures in electron–positron multi-ion plasma
Authors: Saleem Farhat , Iqbal Muhammad , Shazad Usman
Published: January 2024

A quadruple Beltrami (QB) equilibrium state for a four-component plasma that consists of inertial electrons, positrons, lighter positive (H
+) ions and heavier negative ions

O

2

−

$\left({\mathrm{O}}_{2}^{-}\right)$

is derived and investigated. The QB relaxed state is a linear superposition of four distinct single Beltrami fields and provides the possibility of the formation of four self-organized vortices of different length scales. In addition, robust magnetofluid coupling characterizes this non-force-free state. The analysis of the QB state also shows that by adjusting the generalized helicities and densities of plasma species, the formation of multiscale structures as well as the paramagnetic and diamagnetic behavior of the relaxed state can be controlled.
Rapid Plaque Progression in a Patient with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Li Yachao , Lei Mengjie , Wang Jingyao , Yang Yanli , Zhao Zhigang , Xue Zengming
Published: January 2024

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), diagnosed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), is caused primarily by plaque rupture, plaque erosion, and calcified nodules. Plaque erosion is more common in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction than ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. This study reports the details of a case of ACS caused by massive thrombus formation due to plaque erosion. The factors associated with plaque erosion and thrombosis could not be confirmed on the basis of clinical examination findings and the physicians’ experience; therefore, the initial diagnosis of an ischemic event was replaced by a diagnosis of rapid plaque progression, as microscopically confirmed by OCT. Therefore, OCT examination must be performed for blurred or “rapidly progressing” lesions identified through angiography.
CİVANPERÇEMİ VE KARAHİNDİBA İLE ZENGİNLEŞTİRİLEN EKMEKLERİN BAZI FİZİKOKİMYASAL VE IN-VITRO BİYOALINABİLİR ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: SABUNCU Merve , ÖZDEMİR Gözde , DÜLGER ALTINER Dilek , ŞAHAN Yasemin
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, civanperçemi (Achillea millefolium L.) ve karahindiba (Taraxacum officinale L.) tozu ile 3 farklı oranlarda (%1, %2, %3) zenginleştirilen ekmeklerin bazı fizikokimyasal, antioksidan özellikleri ile in-vitro biyoalınabilirlikleri belirlenmiştir. CUPRAC metoduna göre antioksidan kapasite, %3 civanperçemi ilaveli ekmeklerde 20.50 µmol TE/g olarak belirlenirken, %3 karahindiba ilaveli ekmekte ise 19.75 µmol TE/g elde edilmiştir. Toplam fenolik miktarı, kontrol grubunda 45.76 mg GAE/100g iken %3 civanperçemi ve %3 karahindiba ilaveli ekmeklerde ise sırasıyla 62.23 ve 61.40 mg GAE/100g olarak bulunmuştur. In-vitro ortamda enzimatik ekstraksiyon işlemine tabi tutulan ekmeklerin fenolik bileşiklerinin biyoalınabilirlik değerlerinin %69-73 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, olumlu etkileri olduğu bilinen tıbbi bitkilerle zenginleştirilmiş ekmeklerin kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha yüksek kül, toplam fenolik miktarı ve antioksidan kapasite değerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Análisis de las cuentas de conchas marinas del collar y la pulsera del Cerro de las Chinchillas (Rioja, Almería, España)
Authors: Román-Díaz Mª de la Paz , Moreno Diego , Moreno-Márquez Adolfo
Published: January 2024

Presentamos los resultados preliminares de un caso de estudio en el marco del sureste peninsular: un collar y una pulsera del yacimiento del Cerro de las Chinchillas (Rioja, Almería). Es un yacimiento singular y, sin embargo, escasamente documentado, de un período clave, previo al desarrollo de la sociedad calcolítica de Los Millares: primera mitad del IV milenio BC, según dataciones de TL, o Neolítico medio según las características morfotípicas del material arqueológico. En su composición predominan cuentas de conchas marinas. Ambos conjuntos fueron hallados en un contexto de taller doméstico. Se han podido identificar la mayor parte de las especies a pesar de su estado de erosión, así como inferir el proceso de producción a partir de la observación macroscópica. Teniendo en cuenta la antigua línea de costa, proponemos la cercanía de las posibles áreas de captación dado el paleoestuario que existiría hace 6000 años. Finalmente, el bajo grado de esfuerzo en la recolección y elaboración de la mayor parte de laspiezas, nos ha permitido deducir su fabricación a nivel doméstico, sin especialización en este tipo de producción, en el seno de unos grupos sociales en transición hacia las sociedades jerárquicas calcolíticas.
Critical reflection on ‘Child’ and ‘Childhood Studies’: Towards teacher who think on/with child
Authors:   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education, Seo Mi-Jeong , Lee Youn-Sun
Published: January 2024

Abstract: What is a child? The understanding of child has changed differently over time, but there seems to be a universal image specific to modern society. This study critically examines the ideological genealogy of research on child and childhood through literature review. First, we performed a critical reflection within and outside of developmental psychology, which has played a leading role in understanding children in the field of early childhood education. Second, we took a close look at the movement to reconceptualize early childhood education: critical reflection on children as constituted by child-centrism. Third, we seeked new perspectives including Lenz Taguchi, Sellers, Davies, and particularly, Murris’ ‘posthuman child.’ We have fixed children as pure, weak, immature, and irrational beings, and based on that perspective, we have designated early childhood education as an educational activity that helps their growth and development for the better. The attempt to understand the images of child and childhood, that is, beings who never stop for a moment and the unique features of their lives, must now be considered in a different way. New understandings are needed that break away from the linear temporality of age and stage and are directed toward child as being-in-the-world in the continuous temporality of past, present, and future. There is a need to view children as decolonized posthuman, relational beings from objectified children. We argue that we must go beyond normalized learning-teaching theories in early childhood pre-service teacher training and think on/with child in a new way.
Early childhood teachers’ perceptions and difficulties of play-based science education
Authors:   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education, Sung Youngju , Jeong Hye In
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the perceptions and challenges faced by early childhood teachers regarding play-based science education and seeks to explore implications and strategies for enhancing science education. To achieve these goals, the study conducted a collaborative learning community with 11 teachers (5 for toddlers and 6 for kindergartners) working in 4 childcare centers in A City. The researchers collected scientific activity videos, educational materials, childcare records, teachers’ journals, and other data from the participating teachers. Using a thematic coding analysis method, the study categorized the perceptions of early childhood teachers regarding science education into three main themes: 'Understanding play-based science education,' 'Science education with the goal of knowledge transmission,' and 'Challenges and difficulties in science education.' Furthermore, in the field of early childhood education, teachers were found to recognize difficulties in implementing play-based science education. These difficulties included challenges related to "Finding and supporting science within play," "Psychological and physical challenges faced by teachers," and "Challenges with principals, other teachers, and parents." The significance of this study lies in its potential to serve as foundational material for understanding teachers' perceptions of science education and addressing the challenges they face in teaching science.
The impact of program for respects infants rights on teacher's psychological well-being and implementation of childcare with respect to infant rights
Authors:   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education, kim Young-Suk , Baek Ji-sun , Shin Eun-Kyoung
Published: January 2024

This study attempted to investigate the effect of teachers' psychological well-being and respect for infant rights on childcare implementation by developing a program for respecting infant rights. The subjects of this study were 19 childcare teachers working at G Daycare Center (10 experimental groups) and T Daycare Center (9 comparative groups) located in G city, Gyeongsangbuk-do. The teachers in the experimental group conducted a respect for infant rights program for 12 weeks, and in the case of the comparative group, classes according to the standard childcare course were conducted without a separate program. In order to verify the effectiveness of the infant rights respect program, tests on psychological well-being and respect for infant rights were conducted before and after the implementation. The SPSS 22.0 program was used for statistical processing of the collected data, and homogeneity was verified by performing an independent sample t-test for the pre-test. The results of this study are as follows. First, the infant rights respect program was effective in improving the psychological well-being of teachers, and it was verified that it was effective in improving the sub-areas of self-acceptance, positive interpersonal relationships, autonomy, control over the environment, purpose of life, and personal growth. Second, the respect for infant rights program had a positive effect on the level of infant rights respect child care implementation, and it was proven to be effective in improving the best interests of children as well as respecting the sub-areas of one day. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a variety of infant rights respect programs suitable for the needs and characteristics of educational institutions and members to promote teachers' psychological well-being and to better implement respect for infant rights childcare.
Exploring the experience of reconstructing outdoor playgrounds with young children's involvement
Authors:   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education, Kang Gee-Ai
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to explore the experiences of young children participating in the process of reconstructing otheir outdoor play area in their early childhood education institution.
To achieve this, 18 children from a 5-year-old class at A Kindergarten located in D City participated in the process of restructuring the outdoor play area. Various participatory and visual methods, such as introducing the outdoor playground, taking photos, conducting photo interviews, drawings pictures, creating structures, and making model maps, were employed. The results are as follows: First, the children collected and interpreted data about the outdoor play area from their own perspectives and played a role as co-researchers in creating research agendas. Secondly, the children had opportunities for reflection through their personal 'stories' from their experiences in the outdoor play area and addressed issues within the outdoor play area, constructing solutions on their own.
Third, through the experience of realizing their ideas such as 'horizontal bar nets,' 'benches for relaxation spaces,' and 'front porch table for role-playing houses' in the outdoor play area, the children experienced themselves as the owners of the outdoor play area. Actively participating in the restructuring of the outdoor play area allowed the children to develop a sense of belonging and attachment to the outdoor play area as a 'meaningful' place filled with their stories. Such experiences of 'participation' are believed to help expand the scope of children's reasoning abilities in deciding their own lives in the future.
The mediating effect of grit on the relationship between teacher cooperation and teacher efficacy of early childhood teachers
Authors:   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education, Lee Hye-Won , Jung Jae-Eun
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to select teacher cooperation and grit as variables that affect early childhood teachers' teacher efficacy and to confirm the mediating role of grit in the relationship between teacher cooperation and teacher efficacy. For this purpose, data were collected using the ‘Teacher Cooperation Scale’, ‘Teacher Efficacy Scale’, and ‘Grit-O Scale’ targeting 241 early childhood teachers working at early childhood education institutions located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 program to analyze the mediating effect of grit in the relationship between teacher cooperation and teacher efficacy.
As a result of the study, in the correlation between early childhood teachers' teacher cooperation, teacher efficacy, and grit, all three variables showed a significant positive correlation with each other. In addition, grit had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between early childhood teachers' teacher cooperation and teacher efficacy. This means that teacher cooperation affects teacher efficacy, and grit can contribute to this as a psychological competency. In order to improve the efficacy of early childhood teachers, efforts are needed to enhance grit through cooperative relationships with fellow teachers. To this end, various suggestions are discussed, such as policy guaranteeing opportunities and time to autonomously participate in teacher learning communities.
A study on expert perception of the current status of early childhood creative character education in the 2019 revised Nuri curriculum: Focusing on FGI
Authors:   Research Institute for Early Childhood Education - Korea National University of Education, Youn JeongJin , Im hongnam
Published: January 2024

This study conducted an FGI study of early childhood education experts to examine experts' perceptions of the current status of early childhood creative character education in the 2019 revised Nuri curriculum. The study participants were 5 experts, and FGI was conducted over 3 sessions from April to August 2023. As a result of this study, the research participants said that although the content of the 2019 revised Nuri Curriculum contains the importance of creativity and character, they are presented separately, and as a result, they are also implemented separately in educational settings. However, experts recognized that creativity education and character education are being carried out in the same direction within early childhood education.
In particular, given that creative character education is often intertwined and implemented in play, experts recognized that the 2019 revised Nuri Curriculum provides a more suitable environment for implementing early childhood creative character education. In addition, experts responded that although early childhood creative character education can be realized based on the curriculum, it tends to be influenced by the teacher's capabilities and the educational philosophy and atmosphere of the educational institution and the head of the institution. This study is meaningful in that it sought an approach that could integrate and operate creative character education, which can be said to be a competency required for the future society, within the Nuri curriculum.
Trends in emergency department visits for emergency care–sensitive conditions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study in Korea, 2019–2021
Authors: Kim Seonji , Sung Ho Kyung , Lee Jeehye , Ko Eunsil , Kim Seong Jung
Published: January 2024

Objective Emergency care systems worldwide have been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated the trend of emergency department (ED) visits for emergency care–sensitive conditions (ECSCs) in Korea before and during the pandemic. Methods We performed a longitudinal study using the national ED database in Korea from January 2019 to December 2021. We calculated the number and incidence rate of visits for ECSCs per 100,000 ED visits, and the incidence rate ratio of 2021 relative to the value in 2019. The selected ECSCs were intracranial injury, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and cardiac arrest. Results The number of ED visits for all causes decreased by about 23% during the pandemic. The number of ED visits for intracranial injuries decreased from 166,695 in 2019 to 133,226 in 2020 and then increased to 145,165 in 2021. The number of ED visits for ischemic heart disease and stroke decreased in 2020 but increased to 2019 levels in 2021. In contrast, the number of ED visits for cardiac arrest increased from 23,903 in 2019 to 24,344 in 2020 and to 27,027 in 2021. The incidence rate and incidence rate ratio of these four ECSCs increased from 2019 to 2021, suggesting increasing relative proportions of ECSCs in total ED visits. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of cardiac arrests seen in the EDs increased, but that of other ECSCs decreased. The decrease in ED visits for ECSCs was not as pronounced as the decrease in ED visits for all causes during the pandemic. Further studies are needed to determine clinical outcomes in patients with ECSC during the pandemic.
Protective role of kallistatin in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Um Young Woo , Kwon Woon Yong , Seong Seung-Yong , Suh Gil Joon
Published: January 2024

Objective Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is implicated in various clinical diseases. Kallistatin attenuates oxidative stress, and its deficiency has been associated with poor neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest. The present study investigated the antioxidant mechanism through which kallistatin prevents IR injury.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the human kallistatin gene (SERPINA4). Following SERPINA4 knockdown, the level of kallistatin expression was measured. To induce IR injury, HUVECs were exposed to 24 h of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). To evaluate the effect of SERPINA4 knockdown on OGD/R, cell viability and the concentration of kallistatin, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and total NO were measured.Results SERPINA4 siRNA transfection suppressed the expression of kallistatin in HUVECs. Exposure to OGD/R reduced cell viability, and this effect was more pronounced in SERPINA4 knockdown cells compared with controls. SERPINA4 knockdown significantly reduced kallistatin concentration regardless of OGD/R, with a more pronounced effect observed without OGD/R. Furthermore, SERPINA4 knockdown significantly decreased eNOS concentrations induced by OGD/R (P<0.01) but did not significantly affect the change in total NO concentration (P=0.728).Conclusion The knockdown of SERPINA4 resulted in increased vulnerability of HUVECs to OGD/R and significantly affected the change in eNOS level induced by OGD/R. These findings suggest that the protective effect of kallistatin against IR injury may contribute to its eNOS-promoting effect.
Heterogeneity's impact on the sloshing motion in excited tanks
Authors: Belahsen A. , Essaouini H. , Hamydy A.
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to investigate the effect of liquid heterogeneity on sloshing in a two-dimensional rectangular tank. The container is excited horizontally, and the density of the liquid at equilibrium can almost be considered a linear dependence of the depth. The linearized equations representing the sloshing phenomenon are solved numerically using ANSYS 2020 R2 software and analytically using the separation method of variables in conjunction with the Fourier analysis. On the other hand, a comparison study has been carried out between the obtained results and other works related to the same phenomenon. Overall, the results exhibit considerable effects of variation in the Heterogeneity Coefficient β on the free surface's motion and the pressure distribution within the liquid. Furthermore, the free surface of liquid heterogeneity is also affected by the variation of Excitation Frequency Ω and the Filling Rate h of the liquid in the tank.
Compressive behaviour of self compacting concrete column strengthened by hybrid confinement of fibre reinforced polymer sheet and fibre rope
Authors: Ilayarsi R. , Mukilan K.
Published: January 2024

The compressive behavior of self-consolidating concrete columns strengthened by hybrid confinement of polypropylene fiber rope and glass fiber-reinforced polymer sheet was investigated experimentally. We cast and tested eight column specimens under axial compression load. (Six confined SCC columns and two conventional SCC columns.) The concrete grade utilized is SCC M40. For reinforcement, the SCC columns are enclosed with GFRP wrap and polypropylene fiber rope in various volumetric ratios. The compressive resistance of a confined SCC column, strength enhancement, stress-strain relationship, ductility ratio, and load deflection relationship are the parameters studied. The results are compared to establish the adequacy of the confinement. The wrapping of GFRP increases the load-carrying capacity and modulus of elasticity.
Experimental analysis on light weight concrete utilizing compost and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS): Insights into elevated temperature properties through TGA
Authors: Pandiaraj Karthigai Priya , Sankararajan Vanitha
Published: January 2024

Whenever a new material is replaced in concrete, some other tests other than strength and durability need to be carried out to validate the viability of the material replaced. This study aims to investigate the sustaining capacity of the light weight concrete manufactured with compost and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) for M sand and cement respectively subjected to high temperature. Four concrete samples are tested, which includes the control specimen and three specimens are opted based on the optimum mix arrived from the strength and durability studies. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) is done on the samples and they are heated up to 1,000 °C. For the specimens tested, the loss in mass with respect to the temperature is obtained. It is noted that the mass loss of the concrete samples with 15% GGBS along with compost at 0 & 10% is found lower than the control specimen. Also, from the loss in mass, the loss of chemically bound water and free CH content can be found, which aids in contributing strength to the concrete. For the concrete to be sustainable, compost can be replaced at 10% and GGBS at 15%.
Pengabdian Living Qur’an di Peaceantren Welas Asih Garut dan Pesantren Assalam Plered Purwakarta
Authors: Zulaiha Eni , Syu'aib Z. Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

Pendidikan mesti membekali manusia dengan kemampuan untuk hidup damai. Sebab pendidikan adalah sarana untuk membentuk sikap hidup para peserta didiknya untuk bekal di masyarakat. Strategi alternatif untuk mengembangkan budaya damai adalah melalui pendidikan perdamaian pada tataran personal dan struktural. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pencarian keterangan mengenai peran pengasuh pondok dalam mengenalkan santri mengenai perdamaian. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, dalam penelitian ini penulis memanfaatkan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan tiga teknik yaitu observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengasuh di kedua pesantren sangat berperan aktif dalam proses menstimulasi santri dalam tata cara hidup damai dan harmoni. Pengasuh memberikan beragam cara yang dapat membangkitkan semangat santri untuk menginternalisasi jiwa perdamaian dalam diri mereka. Di samping itu, pengasuh juga berperan aktif ketika ada waktu luang untuk memotivasi santri yang berkonsultasi dengannya. Sumber motivasi pengasuh dan pembina adalah dari al-Qur’an itu sendiri. Demikian sehingga kajian ini merupakan pengamalan al-Qur’an pada kehidupan sehari-hari.