bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Формування якісних показників зерна сочевиці залежно від передпосівної обробки насіння та позакореневих підживлень
Authors: Коршевнюк С.П.
Published: December 2022

Метою досліджень було дослідити та визначити варіант комбінованого поєднання передпосівноїобробки насіння сочевиці у взаємодії із позакореневими підживленнями на фоні відповідних гідротермічних режимів вегетації на формування якісних показниківзерна сочевиці.Методи. Дослідження було проведено впродовж2019–2021 років на базі дослідного господарства«Агрономічне» Вінницького національного аграрного університету (с. Агрономічне Вінницького районуВінницької області) на сірих лісових грунтах з середнімпотенціалом родючості. Повторність у досліді чотирьохразова. Розміщення варіантів – систематичне у дваяруси. Дослід передбачав вивчення таких факторівщодо їх впливу на якісні показники зерна сочевиці А –умови року вегетації; В – інокуляція (Андеріз-р (2 л/т));С – обробка насіння мікродобривом (Оракул насіння(1 л/т)); D – позакореневі підживлення (варіант одинарного та комбінованого застосування) (комплексні мікродобрива Ярило активний старт PRO (2 л/га) та АвангардКомплекс Бобові (2 л/га).Результати. Встановлено збільшення вмісту сирогопротеїну та загального азоту за поступового зростанняфакторів інтенсифікації варіантів досліду із мінімального середнього за період досліджень значення 27,2%і 4,36% у варіанті без застосування додаткових заходівоптимізації живлення сочевиці до 29,7% та 4,69% у варіанті повного і комплексного їх поєднання. Збільшення вмісту сирого протеїну на 0,2–0,3% визначено у варіантах застосування обробки насіння мікроелементамита на 0,2%, 0,5% та 0,8% у ряду способів (за схемоюдосліду) використання мікродобрив. Вміст крохмалюмав різницю між граничними варіантами схеми досліду1,8% із усередненими приростами за рахунок інокуляції0,85%, застосування обробки насіння мікроелементами0,40%, застосування позакореневих підживлень у рядуспособів (за схемою досліду) використання мікродобрив у досліді на 0,35%, 0,62% та 0,93%, відповідно.Вміст сирої клітковини мав найменш виражену реакціюна застосовані заходи оптимізації живлення сочевиці ізнезначним приростом на рівні 0,12% при співставленіграничних технологічних варіантів досліду.Висновки. Отже, максимальні показники якостізерна сочевиці встановлено у технологічному варіантіпоєднання інокуляції, обробки насіння мікроелементамита двох позакореневих підживлень за поєднання мікродобрив Ярило активний старт PRO + Авангард КомплексБобові – вміст сирого протеїну 29,7%, загального азоту4,69%, крохмалю 55,2% та сирої клітковини 3,44%.
The Capitalist Order and the Transformation of the State in the Age of Globalization
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Cho Hong-Sik
Published: December 2022

This article examines the transformation of the state in the second globalization period since the 1970s. In the market-centered post-Bretton Woods monetary order, one could expect a reinforcement of the capital compared to the state, but the role of the American state has paradoxically been strengthened. Furthermore, the birth of euro has also demonstrated a renewed transnational state function. The global financial order has been dramatically transformed with the financialization of capitalism and the capitalist orientation of the state. The state has been active in the public debt increase, and the growth of institutional investors and sovereign funds, symbolizing a certain functional fusion between state and capital. The state has been instrumental in transforming the citizens into active participants to the global capitalist order. The rise of the Chinese model of state capitalism as well as the anti-globalization movements in the developed world have been serious challenges to these trends. They nevertheless are different from the Communist challenge of the past in the sense that they no longer propose a replacement of global capitalism but rather a limited correction.(Soongsil University)
METHODOLOGY OF CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSPORT AND TECHNOLOGICAL SCHEMES OF DELIVERY OF SUPPORT MEANS FOR MAINTENANCE OF COMBAT AIRCRAFT AT THE AIRPORTS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Nagornyy Y. , Kalinichenko O. , Pavlenko O. , Soldatenko I.
Published: December 2022

The article analyzed the existing methods of building technologies for the maintenance of civil and military aircraft and identified mathematical methods that can be used to study the prospects for the development of aircraft maintenance systems, which allowed to form the purpose of the study in this development. The chosen topic is quite relevant, because the formation of transport and technological schemes for the delivery of support for the maintenance of combat aircraft can increase the efficiency of resource use and reduce the time for training at Ukrainian airports in a conflict situation. One of the ways to reduce maintenance time is to determine the effective distribution of transport and technical means for the preparation of aircraft. It was established that in the scientific developments of foreign scientists, solutions were proposed related to the construction of transport and technological schemes for the delivery of support for the maintenance of various types of aircraft. Most of these solutions were aimed at using agent-based simulation models for application to the process of generating combat sorties of aircraft - this made it possible to process a large amount of data and generate management decisions in the transport service system. Also, most authors propose to take into account the conditions of uncertainty and time constraints when building a methodology to improve the efficiency of aircraft maintenance. An algorithm for the rational distribution of transport resources for aircraft preparation at Ukrainian airports has been developed, based on the results of simulation modeling of the aircraft maintenance process under different service conditions (time of day and climatic conditions that affect the time of aircraft maintenance and the time of movement of vehicles along transportation routes). On the basis of the developed algorithm of rational distribution of transport resources for aircraft preparation, the technology of aircraft maintenance at Ukrainian airports is proposed, which indicates the sequence of operations aimed at determining and comparing the normative values of the duration of maintenance of the corresponding aircraft with the calculated values and determining their rational number.
Keywords: methodology, transport and technological scheme, means of support, combat aircraft, airports.
CONDITION OF PRESERVATION AND METHODS OF MATERIAL EVALUATION OF THE OBJECTS OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE IN PRYKAPATTIA
Authors: Terletska K. , Kosmii M.
Published: December 2022

The Ukrainian state is a country with centuries-old history, on her walks of life unique sights of architectural inheritance are kept. Prykarpattya counts 3944 sights of cultural heritage, from what 1443 are the objects of sights of architecture, 90 sights are the objects of national value, other 1353 are local.
Two monuments of sacred architecture are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List: the Church of the Holy Spirit in 1598 in Rohatyn and the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1808 in the village of Nyzhnii Verbizh, Kolomyia district.
The basis of the development of the state is the preservation of cultural heritage, because it is a kind of engine of socio-cultural development of each nation. Preservation can be carried out by protecting, including material elements in modern urban planning, maintaining and monitoring the state of preservation and functioning of the cultural heritage object.
The material part of the architectural heritage includes: urban planning systems, buildings and structures, anthropogenic landscapes, monuments of architecture, urban planning, monumental art, archeology, etc. The intangible part of the architectural heritage includes: professional experience, concepts theoretical views and ideas accumulated by the people and fixed in any form.
Issues related to the protection and preservation of architectural heritage are regulated by the Convention for the Protection of European Architectural Heritage, which was ratified in 2006.
The issue of assessing the architectural heritage is spelled out in the Law of Ukraine “On the Protection of Cultural Heritage”, which states that each architectural monument is an object of real estate and is subject to monetary valuation, since it carries property value.
The article describes the number of architectural objects that we refer to as cultural monuments of national importance and on the example of several of them described their current state of preservation and architecture, as we see most of the architectural monuments need restoration.
In the article, we analysed the methodology for assessing the state of preservation of architectural monuments and methods of monetary valuation of architectural objects and determined that none of them takes into account the historical value of the architectural heritage object, so we proposed to identify and take into account the following main criteria for evaluating an architectural monument: construction period, historical memory of the object, location of the object, tourist potential, socio-cultural object, uniqueness of the object, authenticity of the object.
It is necessary to take into account the historical aspect in the methods of assessment, first of all, in order for people to realize the importance of preserving and protecting architectural objects.
Keywords: architectural monument, state of preservation of architectural heritage, assessment of architectural heritage objects.
Demand-responsive Users' Travel Behavior and Satisfaction Analysis in Small Cities
Authors: Jaber Ahmed , Al-Sahili Khaled , Juhász János
Published: December 2022

This study examines the differences in travel behavior between regular and occasional demand-responsive transport users (public transport users), determines the level of service satisfaction, and identifies the key factors of commuters' preferences of using the demand-responsive transport regularly or occasionally for a small-sized urban area (<50 km2). Data were supplemented through field surveys and by focus group discussions. Binary logistic regression and correlation models were used. It is found that probabilities of irregularity are higher for rural areas, male commuters, short trips, educational trips, low-income groups, and non-direct trips. All users are generally satisfied with the service. The most important factors for occasional users are waiting time, trip cost, and trip duration. On the other hand, regular users pay more attention to cleanliness, safety, and comfort. Scheduling of public transportation lines that serve educational zones and provide accessibility to rural areas are needed to improve the quality and attractiveness of the services.
“Where are we now?” Assessing the gender equality and diversity journey in Irish screen industries (2016–21)
Authors: Liddy Susan
Published: December 2022

After a period of unprecedented change, this article provides a snapshot of the Irish screen production sector in 2021 from the perspective of female practitioners, defined here as those who work in production roles, above and below the line, in the screen industries. Between 2016 and 2021 there has been a shift from an industry that was gender blind and unquestioningly male dominated to one in which industry discourse is imbued with the importance of achieving gender equality, diversity and inclusion. A range of targeted initiatives have been implemented to achieve that goal. The key question in this article is whether and to what extent, in 2021, practitioners are now experiencing concrete change on the ground, in their day-to-day working lives. This was explored by means of a series of interviews and questionnaires in which three themes emerged: “continuity and change”, “resistance and lip service”, and “the road ahead”. Ultimately, practitioners do not identify any seismic shifts in the industry, but most acknowledge that there is greater awareness of gender and diversity, and some limited but welcome change has occurred. There is agreement, too, that change is not fully embedded but is fledging and still finding its way.
The Relationship Between School Principals’ Personality Traits and Spiritual Leadership Level
Authors: GÜNAY SÜLE Gizem , KIRAL Erkan
Published: December 2022

The research was designed in the relational survey model to reveal the relationship between school administrators’ personalities and their spiritual leadership levels. The study was conducted with 160 school administrators. The Spiritual Leadership Scale and Five Factor Inventory were used. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. School administrators showed personality traits related to the highest conscientiousness and the lowest neuroticism. School administrators exhibited the highest level of altruistic love, the lowest level of vision and faith in spiritual leadership. The spiritual leadership levels of school administrators on the basis of dimensions and in general were relatively high. The spiritual leadership levels of school administrators differed according to seniority and managerial position in the vision and faith dimensions. Positive and negative relationships at low and medium levels were found between the personality traits of school administrators and their spiritual leadership levels. Personality traits of school administrators affect their vision and faith, altruistic love and general spiritual leadership.
Entre lo nacional y lo local: la trayectoria profesional y política de Aníbal Helguera Sánchez en Jujuy (1886-1899)
Authors: Centanni Antonela
Published: December 2022

El artículo reconstruye la trayectoria profesional y política del inspector nacional de escuelas Aníbal Helguera Sánchez durante su gestión en Jujuy (1886-1899). La hipótesis a seguir es que el inspector se vinculó en diferentes momentos y de distintas maneras con funcionarios de la burocracia estatal y educativa provincial de Jujuy: además de reproducir el poder estatal nacional a través de las medidas educativas, penetró el entramado de relaciones sociopolíticas locales para promover medidas que regularan la configuración de la burocracia educativa local. En relación con esto, mostraremos que la trayectoria de Helguera puede ser dividida en cuatro etapas cronológicas, referidas al impacto de su llegada a la Comisión de Educación local; las tensiones con los funcionarios provinciales; su participación en la reforma constitucional provincial; y sus últimos años en Jujuy.
trabajo de cuidado de la salud en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Malleville Sofía
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo analizaré las transformaciones en las tareas de cuidado de la salud que realizan enfermeras de clínicas privadas ubicadas en la ciudad de La Plata, durante el especial contexto de pandemia. Haré énfasis en los cambios en la organización del proceso laboral, la reestructuración y adecuación de los distintos servicios y la inclusión de nuevos protocolos de higiene y atención de pacientes. Señalaré que, si bien producto de la emergencia sanitaria, emergieron distintas problemáticas vinculadas a la organización de las tareas las mismas se entrelazaron con condiciones de precariedad preexistentes en los establecimientos asistenciales del subsector privado. En este sentido, argumentaré que las trabajadoras de enfermería construyeron una serie de estrategias grupales y cotidianas para afrontar dichas problemáticas en un escenario de gran incertidumbre y presión sobre sus labores. En términos metodológicos, utilizaré el corpus empírico construido a partir de entrevistas en profundidad a enfermeras de clínicas con internación general de La Plata realizadas entre septiembre 2020 y junio 2021. Concretamente, los datos se desprenden del proyecto nacional de investigación PISAC-COVID 19 “La enfermería y los cuidados sanitarios profesionales durante la pandemia y la postpandemia del COVID-19 (Argentina, siglos XX y XXI)" y de una tesis doctoral en curso.
Enfermería y políticas públicas provinciales de la salud y el cuidado.
Authors: Chao Daniel , Solís Carnicer María del Mar
Published: December 2022

Analizamos las políticas públicas e intervenciones sobre la práctica de la enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia de covid-19, tomando en cuenta los años 2020 y 2021, comparando las provincias de Chaco y Corrientes. El artículo se divide en cuatro apartados. En el primero caracterizamos los sistemas de salud de ambas jurisdicciones, mientras que en el segundo describimos el modo de gestión de la pandemia, especialmente respecto a las formas en que se organizaron los aislamientos, la movilidad de la ciudadanía y el impacto de las decisiones gubernamentales en el sistema sanitario de cada provincia. Luego describimos el marco normativo de la actividad de la enfermería a nivel nacional, para, finalmente, dedicar un último apartado a la situación de la enfermería en ambas provincias. Concluimos mostrando las similitudes en la gestión de la movilidad y las restricciones, al igual que los acercamientos en la pauperización de la situación laboral de la enfermería, a la vez que señalamos la diferencia sustancial a favor del Chaco respecto a la institucionalización e implementación de políticas de mediano plazo que exceden la emergencia sanitaria.
Pelabelan Otomatis Lexicon Vader dan Klasifikasi Naive Bayes dalam menganalisis sentimen data ulasan PLN Mobile
Authors: Asri Yessy , Suliyanti Widya Nita , Kuswardani Dwina , Fajri Muhamad
Published: December 2022

PT PLN (Persero) mengembangkan aplikasi PLN Mobile untuk menyediakan layanan kelistrikan melalui aplikasi mobile. Ulasan di Google Play Store diberi peringkat dari 1 hingga 5, tetapi pengguna sering memberikan peringkat yang tidak sesuai dengan ulasan mereka, jadi ini tidak cukup menggambarkan kualitas aplikasi. Aplikasi PLN Mobile berisi begitu banyak ulasan atau data ulasan yang membaca semuanya akan sulit dan memakan waktu. Sistem klasifikasi digunakan untuk mengukur sentimen publik. Analisis sentimen dilakukan terhadap 1000 sampel review yang dikumpulkan melalui PLN Mobile App antara Januari hingga Juni 2022. Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan meninjau teknik pengumpulan data seperti web scraping, machine translation, data labeling, text preprocessing, TF-IDF , klasifikasi teks, dan evaluasi model. Hasil untuk pendekatan klasifikasi teks berbasis Lexicon, yang akan menggunakan pendekatan berbasis kamus Vader Lexicon, adalah 489 sentimen positif, 145 sentimen negatif, dan 366 netral. Berdasarkan hasil perbandingan kelas positif, netral, dan negatif terhadap 1000 sampel data dari Vader Lexicon, kelas positif mendapat rating 67%, kelas netral mendapat rating 6%, dan kelas negatif mendapat rating. dari 27%. Metode Naive Bayes juga digunakan dalam proses klasifikasi. Untuk distribusi data uji dan data latih, penulis menggunakan rasio data split 90:10. Proses evaluasi matriks konfusi memiliki tingkat akurasi 70%.
THE SCOTS IN THE RUTHENIAN VOIVODESHIP: AN ANALYSIS OF BRITISH HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: BAZIUK Khrystyna
Published: December 2022

This article analyzes British historiography concerned with the emigration of the Scots into the Ruthenian Voivodeship territory during the 14–17th centuries as one of the paths of their migration into the lands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. British and Polish researchers are the most thorough in investigating these processes. However, it would be fitting to examine them separately, as, for a long time, the research in both countries was conducted mostly independently.

It has been determined that several stages in the development of British historiography can be outlined. Historians in the United Kingdom first turned their attention to the massive nature of Scottish emigration as early as the late 19th century. Thus, the first stage is confined to 1889–1939 (from the publication year of the first scientific paper on the given subject, and until the beginning of World War II). Work conducted during this period mainly focused on the description of the Scottish and Polish sources.

The second stage begins after the end of World War II – when part of the Polish scholars emigrated to the United Kingdom and continued their research there — and ends in the late 1990s. This period is characterized by the publication of monographs dedicated to Scottish trade and emigration. It has been established that the lands of the Ruthenian Voivodeship did not constitute a separate subject for research among British scholars until the 21st century. Therefore, a third stage is singled out from the beginning of the 2000s to the present time. During this period, papers begin to point to the lack of scientific works dedicated to the Scottish migration into the Ruthenian Voivodeship among both British and Polish researchers.

It is summarized that British historiography is quite fragmentary when it comes to Scots migration into the Ruthenian Voivodeship and that this subject is dealt with only within the context of the greater emigration into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The amount of writings on this subject has grown over the last two decades. Nevertheless, it still requires further research.
PRODUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT ANALYSIS USING OMAX AND AHP METHODS ON BATIK SME
Authors: Putri Chauliah Fatma , Sahbana Muhammad Agus
Published: December 2022

Batik is a cultural heritage originating from Indonesia which has been designated by UNESCO. Since then, the business of making batik has grown rapidly in Indonesia, with each region having its characteristics. In making batik, there are two kinds of manufacturing processes, namely the manufacturing production process and the traditional manufacturing process. Batik production is a unique process because it contains works of art with a traditional manufacturing process and contains elements of local policies. The difference in the manufacturing production process using modern technology, the resulting batik products also have the same results and can produce a lot of batik cloth in a short processing time. As for the process of making traditional batik, it must be produced one by one using traditional equipment, the batik pattern of each cloth is different, for the results cannot be identified this makes it special, and each stage of the process takes quite a long time. Productivity is important for batik production. Especially done by craftsmen in areas that are relatively new to developing traditional batik since the era of world cultural heritage has only been accepted by Indonesia. This study measures the productivity of BM batik SME in Malang. Based on the calculation and analysis of productivity using the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method for BM Batik SME, it can be concluded that the productivity of SME is low, with the lowest being the productivity of batik working time (value 1), the productivity of batik products having (value 1). 3) and labor productivity (score 5). With fishbone diagram analysis, it can be found the cause of the low productivity of these traditional batik SME. From here, several alternative solutions can be obtained, as recommendations for efforts to increase the productivity of SME based on traditional production without eliminating the heritage standards of batik works.
QUEUING MODEL DESIGN TO OPTIMIZE FOR PRE FLIGHT SERVICES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. (Case Study At Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport Makassar)
Authors: Halim Faisal , Asmal Sapta , Amar Kifayah
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine (1) the optimal timing for flight service users before making a flight (pre flight) at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport Makassar. (2) The optimal standard time during the Pre Flight process during the Covid-19 pandemic at Makassar Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, and (3) Efforts made by airport managers in minimizing pre flight processing time.This study uses the Flow Process Chart method which is a schematic/diagram depiction that shows all the steps in a program and shows how the steps interact with each other.Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that: the optimal time for Pre Flight Services activities at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport Makassar is not in accordance with the standards that refer to the Decree of the Director General of Civil Aviation where the standard time is still high; the optimal time required for the Pre Flight Services process is 20 minutes 40 seconds for normal time and the standard time is 23 minutes 37 seconds; As for the efforts made to minimize pre-flight processing time, including improving the quality of human resources on duty, increasing airport capacity, correcting infrastructure, regular maintenance of the equipment used and maximizing service at the check-in counter, especially during peak loads
ANALYSIS OF SERVICE QUALITY USING SERVICE QUALITY (SERVQUAL) AND SWOT METHOD IN BORDER AREA (CASE STUDY: PT. JABABEKA MOROTAI)
Authors: Sibua Amrin , Umar Almukmin , Sibua Wahyu , Weka Dandi
Published: December 2022

Pavilliun d'loha Resot Jababeka Morotai or commonly called PT. Jababeka Morotai which is managed by Jababeka group which is a company in the management of the first open industrial estate in Indonesia which is listed on the Jakarta and Surabaya stock exchanges since 1994. where the three main pillars in this company are land development, infrastructure, and entertainment venues and hospitality. PT. Jababeka Morotai so far, has never measured the level of visitor satisfaction in the hospitality field with Hotel Guests so that in improving the quality of service and also in overcoming complaints of hotel guests, it is still not carried out properly. Based on the above problems, this study uses the SERVQUAL method and SWOT analysis (strength, weakness, opportunities, Threat). The SERVQUAL method is a method used to find out the extent of differences in reality and expectations for the services received / felt by customers, SWOT is a way to systematically identify various factors in order to formulate a company strategy. The result of the study is the quality of service of the five dimensions of SERVQUAL, the perception value is 4.61 and the Expectation value is 4.32 with a positive gap value (0.28) so that it is considered good because it is in accordance with the level of expectations of consumers or guests. From SWOT, strategies are obtained which maintain prices, increase promotions, advertising, brochures and social media.
SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE FUTURE INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA IN FACING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Oktavianty Oke , Yuniarti Rahmi , Sari Ratih Ardia , Arifianto Endra Yuafanedi
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world, especially Indonesia since March 2, 2020, has given rise to several impacts on the economy and worsened the export-import performance. Non-construction investment is at risk of slowing down due to the decline in prospects for exports of goods and services and disruption of production chains. This research was conducted on a furniture company in Pasuruan, East Java. The company obtains its raw materials from China at about 30% of its production needs with the main consumers come from United States. The initial stage of the research was to identify the business processes based on 4 core SCOR processes. The research method used was House of Risk (HOR) to identify the risk events and risk agents in HOR Phase I, and determine the preventive strategy on HOR Phase II. There were 45 risk events and 30 risk agents, where the risk agent with the highest ARP value was prioritized to obtain the risk management strategies. It was obtained social restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemiccontribute the highest score of ARP values
Increased growth metabolism promotes viral infection in a susceptible oyster population
Authors: Petton B , Alunno-Bruscia M , Mitta G , Pernet F
Published: December 2022

The magnitude of an epidemic depends on host susceptibility to the disease, a trait influenced by the genetic constitution of the host and its environment. While the genetic basis of disease susceptibility is often associated with immune capacities, environmental effects generally reflect complex physiological trade-offs. We suggest here that in the case of obligate pathogens whose proliferation depends on the cellular machinery of the host (e.g. viruses), disease susceptibility is directly influenced by host growth. To test our hypothesis, we focussed on a viral disease affecting an ecologically relevant model exploited worldwide, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters originating from 3 lines with contrasting resistance to the disease were divided into 3 groups displaying different growth rates and acclimated to 3 food levels and 2 temperatures to generate different growth rates. These oysters were then exposed to the virus, and survival and viral shedding were measured. Finally, we developed a risk model to rank the relative importance of temperature, food, genetic selection and growth on disease-induced mortality. We found that increasing growth through temperature, food level or selection of fast-growing animals all increased mortality, especially in host populations where susceptible phenotypes dominated. Food provisioning was the most influential factor associated with higher viral shedding, followed by temperature, resistance phenotype and growth rate. We suggest that growth-forcing factors may promote the development of obligate intracellular pathogens and epidemic risk, thus opening up avenues for disease management based on the manipulation of host metabolism.
Differential clearance rates of microbial phylotypes by four appendicularian species
Authors: Dadon-Pilosof A , Conley K , Lombard F , Sutherland KR , Genin A , Richter M , Glöckner FO , Yahel G
Published: December 2022

Appendicularians are abundant planktonic filter feeders that play a significant role in the pelagic food web due to their high clearance rates. Their diet and feeding rates have typically been measured as bulk chlorophyll or cell removal, with some attention given to prey size but no differentiation between the microbial phylotypes. Using a combination ofin situand laboratory incubations with flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing, we found species-specific differences in clearance rates and diet compositions of 4 common species:Oikopleura albicans,O. fusiformis,O. longicauda, andO. dioica. WhileO. albicansmost efficiently removed nano-eukaryotic algae, the other smaller species preferentially removed micron-sized pico-eukaryotic algae. Pico- and nano-eukaryotic cells constituted the major food source of the studied appendicularians despite their occurrence in oligotrophic water dominated by prokaryotic cells. Across species, pico- and nano-planktonic microalgae biomass comprised 45 to 75% of the appendicularian diets. Although non-photosynthetic bacteria were removed at lower rates than all other prey groups, their total contribution to the appendicularian diet was not trivial, representing 5 to 19% of the planktonic carbon in the appendicularian diet; pico-cyanobacteria contributed an additional 9 to 18%. Removal rates and efficiencies of pico-eukaryotes were higher than those of prokaryotes of similar size. Strikingly different clearance rates were observed for different prokaryotic phylotypes, indicating that factors other than size are involved in determining the capturability of the cells. Collectively, our findings provide additional evidence for differential retention of microbial prey among mucous-mesh grazers and its substantial effect on the upper-ocean microbial community.
Hypoxia-induced upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 increases basement membrane degradation by downregulating collagen type IV alpha 1 chain
Authors: Zhu MM , Ma Y , Tang M , Pan L , Liu WL
Published: December 2022

Hypoxia can cause basement membrane (BM) degradation in tissues. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is involved in various human cancers as well as BM degradation by downregulating type IV collagen (COL4). This study investigated the role of MMP-9 in hypoxia-mediated BM degradation in rat bone marrow based on its regulation of collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1). Eighty male rats were randomly divided into four groups based on exposure to hypoxic conditions at a simulated altitude of 7,000 m, control (normoxia) and 3, 7, and 10 days of hypoxia exposure. BM degradation in bone marrow was determined by transmission electron microscopy. MMP-9 levels were assessed by western blot and real-time PCR, and COL4A1 levels were assessed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Microvessels BMs in bone marrow exposed to acute hypoxia were observed by electron microscopy. MMP-9 expression increased, COL4A1 protein expression decreased, and BM degradation occurred in the 10-, 7-, and 3-day hypoxia groups compared with that in the control group (all P < 0.05). Hypoxia increased MMP-9 levels, which in turn downregulated COL4A1, thereby increasing BM degradation. MMP-9 upregulation significantly promoted BM degradation and COL4A1 downregulation. Our results suggest that MMP-9 is related to acute hypoxia-induced BM degradation in bone marrow by regulating COL4A1.
Myocardial m6A regulators in postnatal development: effect of sex
Authors: Semenovykh D , Benak D , Holzerova K , Cerna B , Telensky P , Vavrikova T , Kolar F , Neckar J , Hlavackova M
Published: December 2022

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant mRNA modification affecting mRNA stability and protein expression. It is a highly dynamic process, and its outcomes during postnatal heart development are poorly understood. Here we studied m6A machinery in the left ventricular myocardium of Fisher344 male and female rats (postnatal days one to ninety; P1-P90) using Western Blot. A downward pattern of target protein levels (demethylases FTO and ALKBH5, methyltransferase METTL3, reader YTHDF2) was revealed in male and female rat during postnatal development. On P1, the FTO protein level was significantly higher in male compared to females.
A Review of Gene Expression Profiling in Early-Stage ER+/HER2- Breast Cancer With A Focus on The PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Assay
Authors: Hannouf Malek B. , Brezden-Masley Christine , Raphael Jacques , Brackstone Muriel
Published: December 2022

In patients with breast cancer, the expression of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) is used as a molecular marker to determine prognosis and direct treatment decisions; however, this does not fully reflect the molecular complexity of the disease. Patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive (ER+), HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer are typically treated with surgery, followed by adjuvant systemic endocrine therapy with or without adjuvant radiation therapy. Gene expression profiling assays complement clinicopathological parameters, such as tumour size, grade, and nodal status, and can be used to classify risk of recurrence, thereby informing adjuvant therapy decision-making in early-stage breast cancer to prevent unnecessary treatment with chemotherapy in low risk patients.

In this review, the authors evaluate the evidence to date supporting the use of one of the tests, the Prosigna PAM50 risk of recurrence assay (Nanostring, Seattle, Washington, USA), as a prognostic tool in ER+/HER2- early-stage breast cancer, and summarise findings from a clinical and cost-effectiveness analysis performed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK. The authors also focus on recommendations from regulatory bodies and key ongoing research efforts to address the remaining uncertainty regarding the application of available genomic signatures in ER+/HER2- early-stage breast cancer.
İŞLETME HAKKI DEVİR SÖZLEŞMELERİNDEN KAYNAKLANAN UYUŞMAZLIKLARIN YARGISAL ÇÖZÜMÜNE İLİŞKİN ELEŞTİREL BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: TEKİNSOY M. Ayhan , MISIR Mustafa Bayram
Published: December 2022

Bu makalede işletme hakkı devir sözleşmelerinin (İHDS) hukuki mahiyeti özel hukuk ve kamu hukuku ayrımını öne çıkarmayan disiplinlerarası bir bakış içinde tartışılıyor. İHDS’nin pozitif hukukumuzda aldığı biçim ve yüksek yargı kararlarına da konu olan uygulama sorunları, eleştirel perspektiften ele alınıyor. İHDS, kamusal niteliği özel hukuk yargısal rejimi içinde de gözetilmesi gereken, kamu hizmetinin özel hukuk kişilerine gördürülmesi için yapılan kendine özgü bir sözleşmedir. İHDS’den doğan uyuşmazlıklarda verilen yüksek yargı kararları özel hukuk ve kamu hukuku ayrımını öne çıkarmayan disiplinlerarası bir bakış içinde değerlendirildiğinde, İHDS’yi benzeri sözleşmelerden ayıran unsurların, kamusallık, sürelilik, kamu mallarının devredilmemesi ve kamu gücü ayrıcalıklarının devredilmemesi olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır. Makalenin son bölümünde bu unsurlar gözetilerek Yargıtay kararları tartışılmaktadır. İHDS’lerden kaynaklanan uyuşmazlıkların adli yargıda görülmesi, bu sözleşmelerin bir kamu hizmetinin yürütülmesine ilişkin olduğu gerçeğini ortadan kaldırmamaktadır. Kamu hizmetlerinin özel kişilere rekabet halinde gördürülmesinin tercih edilmesi, bir kamu hizmetleri piyasasının oluşmasına yol açmıştır. Bu çerçevede hem sözleşme ilişkisini hem de kamu hizmeti ilkelerini dikkate alan bir yaklaşım geliştirilerek İHDS’lerin yorumlanması gerekir. Bu hukuki yorumda sözleşmelerin, kamu hizmetlerinin gördürüldüğü kamu tarafından denetlenen ve düzenlenen piyasalardaki, özellikle enerji piyasasındaki, aktörler arasında yapıldığının ve kamusallığın kamu hizmeti piyasalarının temel bir unsuru olduğunun gözetilmesi gerekir.
İSTİSNAİ VE İKİNCİL BİR VASİYET TÜRÜ: SÖZLÜ VASİYETNAME
Authors: ÖZBİLEN Arif Barış
Published: December 2022

Sözlü vasiyetname, Türk-İsviçre hukukunda istisnai ve ikincil (tâli) bir vasiyet türü olarak kabul edilmektedir. Türk Medenî Kanununun 539. maddesi, mirasbırakanın; yakın ölüm tehlikesi, ulaşımın kesilmesi, hastalık, savaş gibi olağanüstü durumlar nedeniyle resmî ya da el yazılı vasiyetname yapamadığı hallerde, son arzularını sözlü vasiyet yoluyla açıklayabileceğini öngörmektedir. Vasiyetçi, olağanüstü bir durum içinde bulunmakla birlikte, onun son arzularını diğer vasiyet türlerinden herhangi biri ile de ortaya koyma imkânı varsa, sözlü vasiyette bulunamaz. Sözlü vasiyetin istisnai ve ikincil bir vasiyet türü olması, onun hükmünün de diğer vasiyet türlerinden farklı olarak belirli bir zaman dilimi ile sınırlandırılmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Mirasbırakanın tanıklara sözlü olarak açıkladığı son arzuların herhangi bir değişikliğe uğramadan hukukî sonuç doğurmasının sağlanabilmesi için kanun koyucu, bu vasiyet türünün geçerliliğini sıkı koşullara tâbi tutmuştur. Bu çalışmada temel olarak, sözlü vasiyetin şekil bakımından geçerli sayılabilmesi için gereken koşulların ortaya konulmasının yanı sıra; sözlü vasiyetin tanıklara açıklanması, tanıklar tarafından belge haline getirilmesi ve yine tanıklarca resmî makamlara teslim edilmesi gibi aşamalarda karşılaşılabilen hukukî meselelerin Yargıtay ve İsviçre Federal Mahkemesi kararları ışığında ele alınması amaçlanmaktadır.
Sharia Marketing Model pada Bisnis Laundry Syariah (Case Study pada Zada Laundry Syariah Sumber Cirebon)
Authors: Wartoyo Wartoyo , Haida Nur , Mujab Solikhul , Umam Muhammad Khairul
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan Bisnis Laundry di zaman sekarang semakin pesat karena permintaan dan kebutuhan jasa laundry sangat dibutuhkan dari berbagai kalangan diantaranya masyarakat yang sibuk dengan pekerjaannya karena tak ada waktu untuk melakukan kegiatan mencuci pakaian sendiri, kalangan mahasiswa, masyarakat perumahan dan yang lainnya. Maka dari itu peneliti mengambil penelitian di tempat Zada Laundry syariah sebagai penelitian karena ingin mengetahui lebih dalam tentang model pemasaran syariah di Zada Laundry syariah apakah sudah sesuai dengan konsep-konsep bisnis syariah. Karena bisnis dan usaha sekarang masih banyak yang syariah tetapi belum menerapkan konsep syariah dan berkarakteristik syariah sesuai dengan aturannya dan ajaran islam sebagai dasar dan pedoman pada bisnis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana model pemasaran syariah pada usaha bisnis laundry di zada laundry syariah, untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi pemasaran syariah pada usaha bisnis laundry di zada laundry syariah dan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang menjadi kendala dalam pemasaran syariah pada usaha bisnis laundry di zada laundry syariah. Pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dalam penelitian ini untuk mengungkapkan data yang ada di lapangan dan menghubungkan sebab akibat terhadap suatu yang terjadi pada saat penelitian, dengan tujuan memperoleh gambaran realita model pemasaran syariah pada usaha bisnis laundry. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan pendekatan syariah, seperti keterjaminan kesucian, memberikan diskon untuk pencucian alat ibadah dan masjid, pelayanan yang ramah, pelayanan yang tepat waktu dan memuaskan dapat menarik minat dari konsumen.
Tibet’in Yerli İnancı Bön Ve Taraftarları: Bir Giriş Denemesi
Authors: Bağır Muhammed Ali
Published: December 2022

Tibet’te asırlardır yerleşik iki dinî gelenek vardır. Bunlardan en yaygını Tibet Budizmi (Lamaizm) adıyla günümüze ulaşan Budizm’dir. Diğeri ise Tibet’te yerleşik olan, en genel anlamıyla Budizm öncesi hâkim dinî yapıyı ve Budizm’in bölgede üstünlük kurmasından sonra Budist olmayan inanç ve uygulamaları ifade eden ve Bön adıyla bilinen dinî gelenektir. Tibet’in yerli inancı olduğunu iddia eden Bön, Budizm öncesi zamanlarda ortaya çıktığını, farklı ve özgün bir inanç olduğunu savunmaktadır. Uzun zamandır bölgede Budizm ile mücadele ederek hayatta kalmaya çalışan Bön inancı, az sayıda da olsa taraftarlarıyla (Bönpo) günümüze ulaşabilmiştir. 1950’li yıllarda Tibet’in Çin hâkimiyetine geçmesiyle bölgeden Tibet Budistleriyle göç eden Bön taraftarlarının bir kısmı, sığındıkları Hindistan ve Nepal’de kurdukları yaşam yerlerinde hayatlarını sürdürmektedirler. Bu çalışmayla, Tibet’in yerli dini olarak bilinen ve yüzyıllardır Tibet coğrafyasında hayatta kalmaya çalışan Bön inancına bir giriş yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Makalede, Bön dininin tanımlanmasıyla ilgili tartışmalar, kurucusu, temel inanç esasları, ritüelleri ve günümüzdeki durumu ele alınacaktır.
HUBUNGAN KEBIJAKAN LOKASI PRIORITAS INTERVENSI GIZI DAN PREVALENSI STUNTING DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wahyuni Diah Sri , Setyonaluri Diahhadi
Published: December 2022

This study aims to compare the association of Indonesian’s government public health intervention in reducing the stunting prevalence. The intervention was started in 2018 in 100 districts and expanded in stages to cover 260 districts by 2020. This study adopts fixed effectmethod on regional-level 2018-2020 panel data on stunting prevalence, aggregate public health outcomes targeted under the intervention, and other regional characteristics. District’s stunting prevalence is used as a measure of the policy’s outcome while dummy of priority districts is used to measure priority effect from the interventions. The result indicates that both priority and non-priority districts experienced a declining stunting prevalence, but the reduction of prevalence in priority districts was 7.271% higher than the reduction that occurred in non-priority districts.
DAMPAK EKONOMI PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PELAKU USAHA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sanjaya Tri Bayu , Rosid Arifin , Ardin Galih
Published: December 2022

There is a great deal of consensus that in addition to cause adversarial impact on the health sector, Covid-19 pandemic has also caused economic disruption on an unprecendeted scale. However, empirical studies that specifically scrutinise the economic impact of this pandemic in Indonesia are still limited. This study aims to provide a more detailed picture of the economic disruption experienced by Indonesian businesses in the time of the pandemic. Analysing survey data from 12,361 respondents, this paper shows in greater detail the effect of Covid-19 shocks on sales, operating expenses, business capacity, business operational difficulties and status, including marketing and labor-related strategies taken by businesses to maintain their business activities. This study also further analyses the implications of variations in the relationship between business operational difficulties, marketing strategies, and labor-related strategies with the annual turnover and the location of the businesses to show heterogeneity in its impact.

 

Terdapat konsensus bahwa selain berdampak ke sektor kesehatan, pandemi Covid-19 juga memberikan dampak negatif terhadap ekonomi secara luas. Namun, studi empiris yang secara spesifik membahas dampak ekonomi dari pandemi ini di Indonesia masih terbatas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih detail mengenai dampak ekonomi yang dialami oleh pelaku usaha di Indonesia selama pandemi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap data dari 12.361 pelaku usaha, studi ini menunjukkan secara detail perubahan penjualan, beban usaha, penggunaan kapasitas usaha, kesulitan operasional usaha yang dihadapi, status operasional usaha, termasuk strategi penjualan dan strategi terkait tenaga kerja yang diambil oleh pelaku usaha untuk mempertahankan aktivitas usaha. Studi ini juga menganalisis lebih jauh implikasi dari variasi hubungan kesulitan operasional usaha, strategi penjualan, dan strategi terkait tenaga kerja dengan omzet dan lokasi dari pelaku usaha untuk melihat dampaknya yang beragam.
A human surrogate neck for traumatic brain injury research
Authors: Farmer Jon , Mitchell Sean , Sherratt Paul , Miyazaki Yusuke
Published: December 2022

Properties of the human neck such as range and resistance to motion are considered important determinants of the kinematic response of the head pre, during and post-impact. Mechanical surrogate necks (i.e., anthropomorphic test device necks), have generally been limited to a single anatomical plane of motion and an artificially high resistance to motion. The aim of this study was to present the Loughborough University Surrogate Neck that is representative of the 50th percentile human male neck, developed for motion in and between each of the anatomical planes with inertial and flexural stiffness properties matching those of a passive elastic (i.e., negligible active tension) neck muscle state. The complex intervertebral joints were reduced to three encapsulated ball joints with appropriate locations, orientations and distributed range of motion to precisely position and orientate the head with respect to the torso at the neutral position and end range of motion. A plain bearing sub-assembly was incorporated at the C1-C2 vertebral level to permit 50% of the axial rotation with negligible resistance to motion, as exhibited by humans. Detachable elastomeric elements provided resistance to motion across each ball joint and permit any orientation of the head within the physiological range of motion of the joints. The mass of the surrogate neck (1.62 Kg) was in agreement with the typical human range and similar agreement was found for the principal moments of inertia (Ixx 26.8 kg cm2, Iyy 20.5 kg cm2 and Izz 14.3 kg cm2). Quasi-static bending moment and dynamic torque tests characterised the surrogate neck in flexion/extension, lateral flexion and axial rotation. With respect to commercial surrogate necks, the surrogate neck presented here was in closer agreement to the reported human responses, for equivalent loading conditions. The applications of a surrogate neck that can appropriately constrain the head relative to the torso are far reaching in the areas of brain injury mechanism research, and for the development and assessment of protective equipment to reduce the risk of such injuries.