bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A food-web model as a tool for the ecosystem-level management of bivalves in an Atlantic coastal lagoon
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Coppola Francesca , Jiang Zengjie , Freitas Rosa , Mao Yuze , Tan Zhijun , Fang Jinghui , Fang Jianguang , Wang Junwei , Zhang Yitao
Published: September 2022

The Ria de Aveiro is an important coastal lagoon for wildlife in Portugal, where the production of bivalves reaches approximately 2700 tonnes annually. However, the illegal overfishing of bivalves is frequent in this lagoon, which causes critical changes in the ecosystem. In this study, using a developed food-web model (Ecopath model), the ecological carrying capacity and maximum sustained yield of bivalve filter feeders were estimated, and further increases in bivalve biomass in other species groups were investigated. The results showed that 1) the current biomass and legal catch of bivalves do not yet exceed the ecological carrying capacity (177.84 tonnes km− 2) or the maximum sustained yield (88.92 tonnes km− 2 year− 1) in Ria de Averio; 2) the harvested bivalves of the maximum sustained yield represent removing from the ecosystem ~ 581 tonnes carbon (C) and ~ 83 tonnes nitrogen (N) annually, with substantial ecological and economic implications; and 3) a further increase in the biomass levels of bivalves may cause the ecotrophic efficiency of other groups to become unrealistic, potentially leading to decreases in ecosystem transfer efficiency, biodiversity and health. The results here are expected to guide the sustainable development and management of bivalves in Ria de Averio and the protection of the local environment.
Genetic status of Oreochromis mossambicus populations as revealed by microsatellite DNA markers
Authors: Rehman Zahira , Waseem Muhammad , Safdar Taqwa , Ahmed Muhammad Sarfraz , Abbas Khalid , Ahmed Tanveer
Published: September 2022

Genetic diversity is considered to be necessary for the long-term survival of species as it enables environmental adaptations to increase a species' or population's chances of survival, but it is being threatened by several environmental changes and anthropological interventions. Five microsatellite markers were employed to analyze the genetic diversity of Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique Tilapia) from River Jhelum. Average values of allelic number (Na) and allelic richness (Ar) ranged from 2.40 to 3.60. The average observed (HO) and expected heterozygosity (He) values ranged from 0.55 to 0.69 and 0.54 to 0.67, respectively. The inbreeding coefficient FIS values showed the highest level of inbreeding in Rasool Barrage and lowest in Pind Dadan Khan. Significant departure from HWE was observed in 3 out of 25 tests. The AMOVA specified that majority of variation (87.050%) was attributed to “within individuals”. UPGMA dendrogram revealed that PDK, RB, MD and JB populations were highly related, while THW appeared to differ significantly from other populations. The findings of this research will be helpful for the management of the concerned populations to maintain their genetic quality in in Pakistan.
Building the conformal protection of VB-group VS 2 laminated heterostructure based on biomass-derived carbon for excellent broadband electromagnetic waves absorption
Authors: Wang Honghan , Zhang Huibin , Cheng Junye , Liu Tingting , Zhang Deqing , Zheng Guangping , Zhai Shangru , Cao Maosheng
Published: September 2022

Although VB-Group transition metal disulfides (TMDs) VS2 nanomaterials with specific electronic properties and multiphase microstructures have shown fascinating potential in the field of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption, the efficient utilization of VS2 is limited by their environmental instability and sole electromagnetic (EM) loss mechanism. In order to fully exploit the maximal utilization values of VS2 nanomaterials for EMW absorption through mitigating the chemical instability and optimizing the EM parameters, biomass-based glucose derived carbon (GDC) like sugar-coating has been decorated on the surface of stacked VS2 nanosheets via a facile hydrothermal method, followed by high-temperature carbonization. As a result, the modulation of doping amount of glucose injection solution (Glucose) could effectively manipulate the degree of GDC coating on VS2 nanosheets, further implementing the EM response mechanisms of the VS2/GDC hybrids through regulating the conductivity and constructing multi-interface heterostructures, as reflected by the enhanced EMW absorption performance to a great extent. The minimum reflection loss of VS2/GDC hybrids could reach -52.8 dB with a thickness of 2.7 mm at 12.2 GHz. Surprisingly, compared with pristine VS2, the VS2/GDC hybrids have the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) increased from 2.0 to 5.7 GHz, while their environmental stability is much enhanced because of GDC. Obviously, this work provides a promising candidate to realize frequency band tunability of EMW absorbers with exceptional performance and environmental stability.
Influence of Aduwa (Balanites aegyptiaca) Protein Concentrate Enrichment on the Proximate, Phytochemical, Functional and Sensory Properties of Ogi
Authors: ogori Friday Akama , Eke Mike ojotu , Girgih Abraham Tertenger , Abu Joseph Oneh
Published: September 2022

The study aims to enriched ogi using Aduwa defatted protein meal and protein concentrate at 16% protein target inclusion (ogi control only, ogi + 16% protein inclusion with defatted Aduwa protein meal and 16% inclusion with Aduwa protein concentrate. Enrichment of ogi with aduwa proteins significantly (p<0.05) improved the proximate phytochemical and functional properties of the mix while a reverse trend was found for sensory properties.. The protein, fat, crude fibre, ash, bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity foam capacity, percentage dispersibility and total phenolic content of the enriched mix were significantly (p<0.05) higher as compared to control-ogi. The sensory parameters namely colour, texture, mouthful, aroma, appearance, and general acceptability of DAPM-ogi and APC-ogi were significantly (p<0.05) lower than the control-ogi (100% maize ogi). Further, DAPM -ogi and APC-ogi enriched meals were brown in colour and a flouring mix, the sensory appraisal revealed that the control - ogi without enrichment received high sensory scores comparable to the enriched mix samples. The physiochemical and anti-nutrients analysis revealed that enriched DAPM-ogi and APC-ogi are rich in nutrients and are safe.
Understanding oxidation of Fe-Cr-Al alloys through Explainable Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Roy Indranil , Feng Bojun , Roychowdhury Subhrajit , Ravi Sandipp Krishnan , Umretiya Rajnikant V , Reynolds Christopher , Ghosh Sayan , Rebak Raul B , Hoffman Andrew
Published: September 2022

The effect of alloy composition and oxidation condition on specific mass gain of FeCrAl alloys was studied and analyzed using a combination of experimental and AI approaches. A Neural Network (NN) classification model was used on the experimental FeCrAl dataset produced at GE Research from steam oxidation studies at both high (~ 1000°C) and low temperature (~ 400°C). Furthermore, using the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) tool, we explore how the NN can identify an alloy at specific oxidation condition to form a protective oxide or not. We found high Al and Cr concentration increases the chances of forming protective oxide layer, which is consistent with literature studies. Contrary to Al and Cr, the presence of Mo in FeCrAl creates thick unprotective oxide scale that results in high mass gain per unit area.
Risk assessment of sources of groundwater pollution, groundwater vulnerability, and groundwater value: A case study in the plain area of Northeast Beijing
Authors: Deng Xipeng , Li Yanying , Fan Xiao , Zhu Mingtan , Tu Yujiao , Qin Li , Zhang Wen , Chen Yudi , Liu Guo
Published: September 2022

There is growing evidence of increasing pollution threats to groundwater resulting from anthropogenic activities. Assessments of the risk of groundwater contamination are useful for preventing and controlling groundwater pollution. This study established a quantitative evaluation model based on the origin–pathway–target model. The target, guideline, and indicator layers were established through a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of pollution sources, hydrogeological conditions, and other conditions in the northeastern plain area of Beijing by applying the hierarchical analysis method. Each assessment index was quantified and analyzed based on the groundwater pollution risk assessment index system, and the risks associated with pollution sources, groundwater susceptibility to pollution, and groundwater value in the study area were evaluated. The comprehensive assessment results were superimposed by the matrix method and the pollution risk classification was conducted using the ArcGIS platform. Grade Ⅰ to Ⅴ pollution risk areas accounted for 12.5%, 28.5%, 23.2%, 26.1%, and 9.7% of the total area, respectively. The V pollution risk area was mainly in the central and northeastern part of the Beijing plain area and agriculture and industry were the main sources of pollution in the central and northeastern areas, respectively. The study area had a large net recharge, soils were dominated by sand and gravel, and there was a high permeability coefficient. The study area also showed poor groundwater pollution prevention performance, which resulted in the infiltration of pollutants into the groundwater environment. The V pollution risk area contained sensitive groundwater targets, and the pollution index, groundwater richness, annual average groundwater extraction, and risk of pollution were high.
Assessment of the status of Chambo (Oreochromis species) and Other Shallow Water Fish Stocks in the Southwest Arm and Southeast Arm of Lake Malawi, Malawi
Authors: M'balaka Mwamad S. , Ngochera Maxon , Kanyerere Geoffrey Z. , Kabowa Khuma H. , Chindevu Enert
Published: September 2022

There is overwhelming evidence that the shallow water stocks of Lake Malawi have been noticeably overexploited by both the artisanal and commercial trawl fishers. However, there have been some recent initiatives to restore these areas such as enhancing monitoring, control and surveillance, revamping local fisheries management authorities and establishments of community managed fish protected areas. Yet, information evaluating the impacts of such interventions on the fish stocks is limited. This information is critical for fisheries management and planning. Therefore, a study to reveal the current status of Chambo (Oreochromisspecies) and other shallow water fish stocks of the southwest arm (SWA) and southeast arm (SEA) of Lake Malawi was conducted. The study compared the status of fish stocks in the two arms using stock abundance and biodiversity indicators. Results indicated similar fish species diversity in the two arms. Overall, Chambo (Oreochromis spp.) was among the top ten fish that contributed a significant amount of weight to the total sampled catch. The SWA and SEA reported average catch rates of 77.4±22.6Kg/0.5hr and 177.7±18.4Kg/0.5hr, respectively whereas Chambo registered mean catch rates of 61.0±8.1Kg/0.5hr and 68.0±13.7Kg/0.5hr, respectively. Overall fish densities for all fish species in the SWA and SEA were estimated at 2.9tons/km2and 3.5tons/km2, respectively. Chambo density estimates for both SWA and SEA were calculated as 1.1tons/km2 and 1.2tons/km2, respectively. A total biomass of 10, 722 tons was estimated in both regions with the SEA contributing 57% while the biomass estimates of Chambo was 3,964 tons of which 54% was registered in the SEA. A decline in fish stocks in the shallow waters was observed and masks the efforts that the Government is doing to ensure the restoration and sustainability of fish stocks in the areas. It is therefore strongly believed thatregulating mesh sizes, limiting fishing effort and protecting critical breeding habitats are critical in reversing the observed trends.
Monitoring of chemical elements in soils, waters and plants near the active mine tailing dam in the central zone, Chile
Authors: Tapia Y , Joven A , Salazar O , Casanova M , Najera F , Kremer C , Castillo B , Diaz O , Pastene Ruben , Acuña Edouard , Antilen Monica , Cornejo P
Published: September 2022

Chile, the world's largest copper producer, generates massive amounts of mine tailings that are a source of ongoing environmental concern for local communities. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the concentration of elements: As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn and SO42- in soils, water, and vegetation in the communities surrounding a mine tailings dam in central Chile. Soils, waters and plants samples were collected from the towns of Chacabuco, Huechún, Huertos Familiares, Punta Peuco and Santa Matilde, which are located at 3 to 8 km from the Ovejería mine tailings site, operated by CODELCO in operation since 1999. The results showed that the levels of metals/metalloids and SO42- in water (pH 6.69–7.95) met both WHO limits and Chilean water quality standards for miscellaneous uses. In soil (pH 7.67–8.39), total and available concentrations of metals/metalloids did not exceed common international reference values. Plants with acceptable levels of metals and S were Citrus limon, Eucalyptus, Schinus molle, Prunus persica, Medicago sativa, Citrus sinensis, and Ficus carica. The only species with a content of one metal (Fe) well above the reference value and high concentrations of other metals (Cu, Mn, Mo, and Pb) was Acacia caven. The concentrations of chemical elements determined between 2015–2018, in soils, water and plants in different locations near the active copper tailings dam Ovejeria, in Central Chile, allow us to conclude that in general the levels are comparable to national and international references and do not indicate contamination.
The effects of cluster sets resistance training on delayed potentiation of lower limb power output in male collegiate athletes
Authors: Yan Bing , Wang Yang , Zhang Conghui , Chen Feng , Wang Zhe
Published: September 2022

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the delayed potentiation (DLP) effects induced by cluster sets (CS) versus traditional sets (TS) resistance training.
Methods: Sixteen male collegiate athletes were recruited for the study in a crossover design. All the subjects performed a CS (30 s interval between reps, 4 minutes interval between sets) and a TS (no rest between reps, 4 minutes interval between sets) resistance training sessions (3 sets of 3 repetitions of barbell back squat at 85% 1RM) in random order separated by 72 hours. Countermovement jump (CMJ), 20-meter sprint and T-test performance were evaluated at baseline and 6 hours after the resistance training sessions.
Results: 6 hours after the resistance training sessions, both the CS and TS significantly improved the CMJ height (CS: ES = 0.48, P < 0.001; TS: ES = 0.23, P = 0.006), CMJ take-off velocity (CS: ES = 0.56, P < 0.001; TS: ES = 0.38, P = 0.004), CMJ push-off impulse (CS: ES = 0.38, P < 0.001; TS: ES = 0.26, P = 0.006), 20-meter sprint (CS: ES = 0.85, P < 0.001; TS: ES = 0.58, P = 0.006) and T-test (CS: ES = 0.99, P < 0.001; TS: ES = 0.73, P = 0.003) performance compared with baseline values. Following the CS, CMJ height (ES = 0.25, P = 0.007), CMJ peak power (ES = 0.2, P = 0.034) and 20-meter sprint performance (ES = 0.31, P = 0.019) were significantly better compared with that following TS.
Conclusions: Both TS and CS configurations could induce DLP at 6 hours following the training. CS is a better strategy to induce DLP compared with TS training.
Massive and massless plasmons in germanene nanosheets
Authors: Pisarra Michele , Gomez Cristian Vacacela , Sindona Antonello
Published: September 2022

Atomically thin crystals may exhibit peculiar dispersive electronic states equivalent to free charged particles of ultralight to ultraheavy masses. A rare coexistence of linear and parabolic dispersions yields correlated charge density modes exploitable for nanometric light confinement. Here, we use a time-dependent density-functional approach, under several levels of increasing accuracy, from the random-phase approximation to the Bethe-Salpeter equation formalism, to assess the role of different synthesized germanene samples as platforms for these plasmon excitations. In particular, we establish that both freestanding and some supported germenene monolayers can sustain infrared massless modes, resolved into an out-of-phase (optical) and an in-phase (acoustic) component. We further indicate precise experimental geometries that naturally host infrared massive modes, involving two different families of parabolic charge carriers. We thus show that the interplay of the massless and massive plasmons can be finetuned by applied extrinsic conditions or geometry deformations, which constitutes the core mechanism of germanene-based optoelectronic and plasmonic applications.
Research on rock movement control method in underground mining based on the action of granular lateral pressure
Authors: Zhang Dongjie , Liu Zeyu , Liu Shuxin , Liu Yang
Published: September 2022

Lateral pressure provided by caving rocks plays an important role in keeping the stability of the sidewall rock mass and controlling the rock movement. Taking Xilinhot Fluorite Mine as an engineering background, we studied the control mechanism of the granular media lateral pressure on the rock movement by combining physical experiments, theoretical analysis and field monitoring. The results indicated that with the increase of the granular media depth, the lateral pressure provided by the static granular media presented two stages of rapid growth and slow growth. The lateral pressure on the footwall was negatively correlated with the dip angle of the orebody, and the lateral pressure on the hanging wall was positively correlated with the dip angle of the orebody. Ore drawing only caused the granular media lateral pressure near the drawing point to decrease. As the granular media moved, the granular media lateral pressure outside the pressure reduction area further increased, and this part of the granular media would play a key role in limiting surface rock movement. On this basis, the improved calculation formula of GLMP was given, which could be better applied to calculate the GLMP and critical granular media column with different dip angles. The action mechanism of the GLMP in the control of the surface rock movement was clarified. The granular body in the collapse pit was mainly composed of three parts: the bottom loose granular media column, the middle compaction granular media column and the upper critical granular media column. The critical granular media column was the most important area to control surface subsidence and rock movement. Finally, through field practice, after effective filling of the collapse pit, the surface vertical displacement of the hanging wall and footwall was decreased by 56.8% and 55.6%, respectively, and the control effect of surface rock movement was remarkable.
Obesity-mediated upregulation of the YAP/IL33 signaling axis promotes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in breast cancer
Authors: Dai Jia-Zih , Yang Ching-Chieh , Shueng Pei-Wei , Wang Yen-Ju , Huang Chen-Shiuan , Chao Yi-Chun , Lin Cheng-Wei
Published: September 2022

Obesity is a well-known risk factor for breast cancer formation and is associated with elevated mortality and a poor prognosis. An obesity-mediated inflammatory microenvironment is conducive to the malignant progression of tumors. However, the detailed molecular mechanism is still needed to be clarified. Herein, we identified that breast cancer cells from mice with diet-induced obesity exhibited increased growth, invasiveness, and stemness capacities. A transcriptome analysis revealed that expressions of interleukin 33 (IL33) signaling pathway-related genes were elevated in obesity-associated breast cancer cells. Importantly, IL33 expression was significantly associated with the yes-associated protein (YAP) signature, and IL33 was transcriptionally regulated by YAP. Suppression of IL33 reduced tumor migration and invasion, while the addition of IL33 activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling and revived tumor mobility in YAP-silenced cells. Furthermore, suppression of YAP attenuated IL33 expression which was accompanied by relief of obesity-mediated immunosuppression. Clinical analyses showed that IL33 expression was markedly associated with macrophage and regulatory T cell infiltration. These findings reveal a crucial role of the YAP/IL33 axis in promoting aggressiveness and immunosuppression of obesity-associated breast cancer progression.
Development and use of an ESBL coding gene panel in patients undergoing first-line eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Gudra Dita , Silamikelis Ivars , Pjalkovskis Janis , Danenberga Ilva , Pupola Darta , Skenders Girts , Ustinova Maija , Megnis Kaspars , Leja Marcis , Vangravs Reinis , Fridmanis Davids
Published: September 2022

The spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in nosocomial and community-acquired enterobacteria is an important challenge for clinicians due to the limited therapeutic options for infections that are caused by these organisms. The epidemiology of these infections is complex and combines the expansion of mobile genetic elements with clonal spread. Insufficient empirical therapy for serious infections caused by these organisms is independently associated with increased mortality. Here, we developed an ESBL coding gene panel, evaluated the abundance and prevalence of ESBLs encoding genes in patients undergoing H. pylori eradication therapy, and summarized the effect of eradication therapy on gut microbiome functional profiles. To assess the repertoire of known beta lactamase (BL) genes, we divided them in clusters according to their evolutionary relation, designed primers for amplification of cluster marker regions and assessed efficiency of this amplification panel on 120 fecal samples acquired from 60 patients undergoing H. pylori eradication therapy. In addition, fecal samples from additional 30 patients were used to validate the detection efficiency of designed ESBL panel. The presence for majority of targeted clusters was confirmed by NGS of amplification products. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that the abundance of ESBL genes within the pool of microorganisms was very low. The global relative abundances of the ESBL-coding gene clusters did not differ significantly across the treatment states. However, at the level of each cluster, classical ESBL producers, such as Klebsiella sp. for blaOXY (p = 0.0076), Acinetobacter sp. for blaADC (p = 0.02297), and others, differed significantly with a tendency to decrease compared to the pre- and post-eradication states. Only 13 clusters were common among all three datasets, suggesting a patient-specific prevalence profile of ESBL-coding genes. The number of AMR genes detected in the post-eradication state was higher than that in the pre-eradication state, which at least partly might be attributed to the therapy. This study demonstrated that the ESBL screening panel was efficient for targeting ESBL-coding gene clusters from bacterial DNA and that minor differences exist in the abundance and prevalence of ESBL-coding gene levels before and after eradication therapy.
Characterization of a novel AA3_1 xylooligosaccharide dehydrogenase from Thermothelomyces myriococcoides CBS 398.93
Authors: Zhao Hongbo , Karppi Johanna , Nguyen Thi Truc Minh , Bellemare Annie , Tsang Adrian , Master Emma , Tenkanen Maija
Published: September 2022

Background
The Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZy) auxiliary activity family 3 (AA3) comprises flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent (FAD) oxidoreductases from the glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) family, which play auxiliary roles in lignocellulose conversion. The AA3 subfamily 1 predominantly consists of cellobiose dehydrogenases (CDHs) that typically comprise a dehydrogenase domain, a cytochrome domain, and a carbohydrate-binding module from family 1 (CBM1).
Results
In this work, an AA3_1 gene from Thermothelomyces myriococcoides CBS 398.93 encoding only a GMC dehydrogenase domain was expressed in Aspergillus niger. Like previously characterized CDHs, this enzyme (TmXdhA) predominantly accepts linear saccharides with β-(1→4) linkage and targets the hydroxyl on the reducing anomeric carbon. TmXhdA was distinguished, however, by its preferential activity towards xylooligosaccharides over cellooligosaccharides. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that TmXdhA possesses a glutamine at the substrate-binding site rather than a threonine or serine that occupies this position in previously characterized CDHs, and structural models suggest the glutamine in TmXdhA could facilitate binding to pentose sugars.
Conclusions
The biochemical analysis of TmXdhA revealed a catalytic preference for xylooligosaccharide substrates. The modelled structure of TmXdhA provides a reference for the screening of oxidoreductases targeting xylooliogosaccharides. We anticipate TmXdhA to be a good candidate for the conversion of xylooligosaccharides to added-value chemicals by its exceptional catalytic ability.
The spatial and temporal evolution of mineral discoveries and their impact on mineral rarity
Authors: Ponomar Vitalii , Gavryliv Liubomyr , Putiš Marián
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the proceedings of the data analysis of the year and country of mineral discoveries with their Nickel-Strunz classes and rarity to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of mineral discoveries and their spatial distribution during different periods. Based on the dynamic of mineral discovery, three principal periods were identified: (1) Ancient period (up to 1800) of irregular mineral records; (2) Sustainable development period (1800–1949) with regular records and a moderate increase in the total number of minerals; and (3) Modern period (1950–present) of rapid development. It is pointed out that the timeline of mineral discoveries exhibits local anomalies. The positive anomalies were linked to the publications of mineralogical encyclopedias and classifications, while the negative ones were caused mainly by historical events, suppressing scientific activity. The majority of rock-forming and widespread minerals were discovered before the 1980s, while the discovery rate of rare and endemic species still progresses due to the study of hard-to-reach locations and the introduction of high-resolution analytical methods. A comparison of Nickel-Strunz class counts throughout mineral history revealed that the fraction of carbonates, oxides, and elements have drastically decreased during the Sustainable development period and the Modern period with a minor increase of elements during the last period. However, opposite behavior is observed for the phosphates, sulfates, and sulfides, with a sudden decrease in sulfates during the Modern period. On the other hand, the fraction of borates, halides, and silicates remained unchanged during all periods. Spatial analysis of the data showed that the distribution of mineral discoveries on the world map depends not only on the country’s geology but also on the area, population, economic development, and general interest in science.
Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Analyze Customer Churn in the Software as a Service (SaaS) Industry
Authors: ÇALLI Levent , KASIM Sena
Published: September 2022

Companies must retain their customers and maintain long-term relationships in industries with intense competition. Customer churn analysis is defined in the literature as identifying customers who may leave a company to take appropriate marketing precautions. While customer churn research is prevalent in B2C (Business to Customer) business models such as the telecoms and retail sectors, customer churn analysis in B2B (business to business) models is a relatively emerging topic. In this regard, the study carried out a customer churn analysis by considering an ERP (enterprise resource planning) company with a software as a service (SaaS) business model. Different machine learning algorithms analyzed ten features determined by selection methods and expert opinions. According to the analysis results, the random forest algorithm gave the best result. Additionally, it has been observed that the number of products and customer features has a relatively higher weight for the prediction of churner.
Evaluation of an Industrial Absorption Process for Carbon Capture Using K2CO3 Promoted by Boric Acid
Authors: de Vasconcelos Suênia , Carneiro Lucas , Brito Romildo , Brito Karoline
Published: September 2022

Hot potassium carbonate (HPC) process aims to remove the CO2 present on synthesis gas. This removal is done in an absorption process, where takes place the reaction of CO2 with a K2CO3 solution. This reaction is slow and H3BO3 can be used to increase the rate of reaction. The rate-based model is the most suitable way to model the process. This approach uses different correlations to calculate important mass transfer and hydraulic parameters, such as: mass transfer coefficient, interfacial area, and liquid holdup. This paper aims to evaluate the performance of many correlations to represent the HPC process. An automatic procedure was developed to test a high number of equations, using MATLAB and Aspen Plus software. The best set of correlations was found after a comparison with industrial data. Correlations with errors less than 10% for the entire evaluated operating conditions were calculated for mass transfer coefficient and the interfacial area, as well as for liquid holdup.
Research on dynamic stability of large deformation roadway with application of segmented resistance anchor bolt
Authors: Liu Shoufeng , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2022

The dynamic stability of large deformation roadway can be significantly affected by seismic vibration. In order to improve the support effect, a segmented constant resistance anchor bolt structure is proposed. The preload can be set in segments to effectively reduce the tension deviation. The support stability of this type of bolt is verified by field test and experimental simulation. Based on the bearing and deformation characteristics of surrounding rock, the supporting and installation, grouting process and anchor cable stress monitoring of this type anchor bolt are designed. Through the field measurement of the roadway, the variation laws of the rock swelling coefficient, anchor cable tension and roof subsidence under the condition of bolt support are obtained. A tunnel dynamic deformation test-bed is built to study the dynamic vibration response of the designed anchor bolt to alternating load. Applying orthogonal exciting force, the tension changes in different constant resistance sections are obtained. The results show that this type of bolt has remarkable effect of resisting alternating load, and the maximum tension deviation within ±200 m working face is less than 8 %, which has better support stability than conventional bolt.
The effectiveness of a plant integrated lowcost treatment system to treat well water in coastal regions
Authors: Rathnayaka R. M. C. Y. , Amarathunga A. A. D. , Bellanthudawa B. K. A. , Rathnasri P. A. S. A. , Novak A. T. , Amarasiri C.
Published: September 2022

The present study aimed to quantify the treatment capacities of medicinal plant materials integrated into low-cost water treatments system (LCWTS) to treat well water in the coastal regions of Jaffna and Dikowita in Sri Lanka. Terminalia arjuna roots, Strychnos potatorum seeds, and Phyllanthus emblica leaves were employed to design LCWTS. Paired t-tests were performed to explore water quality parameters of well water before and after treatment. Treated well water was compared with the Sri Lanka Standard Institute and Central Environment Authority. The water quality parameters of treated water samples were significantly different (p < 0.05) in three filter media. Further, ammonia, total hardness, and alkalinity concentrations in drinking water exceeded the tolerance limits. The most effective LCWTS was Terminalia arjuna while Strychnos potatorum seeds was the least effective LCWTS. Terminalia arjuna roots were the most effective filter medium due to its specific phytoremediation capabilities for water filtration and Phyllanthus emblica leaves were good in adsorbing contaminants in water. Hence, the present study showed that Terminalia arjuna and Phyllanthus emblica can be used as potential LCWTS to treat the water quality of total hardness, conductivity, ammonia, total suspended solids, alkalinity, and chloride concentrations.
Perspectivas de una nueva interconexión entre la micro y la macrocontabilidad: tecnologías emergentes
Authors: Rincón-Soto Carlos Augusto , García-Semanate Juan David , Molina-Mora Francisco Ricardo
Published: September 2022

Este artículo presenta una reflexión desde la metodología interpretativa, del impacto que los avances tecnológicos emergentes pueden ofrecer sobre la relación entre la micro y la macro contabilidad. Anteriormente esta conexión se pensaba utópica, pero los avances tecnológicos actuales que permiten realizar tareas como recoger, almacenar, procesar, transferir y transmitir gran cantidad de información, pone en evidencia el fin de la imposibilidad. Hoy en día puede hablarse de un escenario distinto, pues los resultados muestran que las tecnologías de manipulación de datos a gran escala son cada vez más precisas y robustas, dado que los sistemas de interconectividad, análisis y sistematización, como Bolckchain, inteligencia artificial y big data, develan la integración de las actividades individuales entendidas como micro a unas generales o colectivas como macro. Estas tecnologías ofrecen la posibilidad de una nueva estructura para los sistemas de manipulación de datos, permitiendo vislumbrar una revolución en la administración de la información financiera y contable.
Los códigos de buen gobierno cooperativo y la inclusión de poblaciones desmovilizadas y víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Rubio-Rodríguez Gustavo Adolfo , Galvis-Gómez Alba Lucía , Mosquera-Rodas Jhon Jairo , Rodríguez-Barrero Mario Samuel
Published: September 2022

Esta investigación propone salidas al conflicto armado en Colombia a través del modelo cooperativo y desde la aplicación de la norma, para optimizar las condiciones actuales de la población desmovilizada en este país. Es un trabajo de corte cuantitativo. Emplea el cuestionario como instrumento para la obtención y análisis de información. Este ha sido aplicado a 58 sujetos pertenecientes a las cooperativas que representan los 5 subsectores más importantes que aportan al desarrollo económico de la ciudad de Pereira, Colombia. Dichos sectores son el agroindustrial, transporte, servicios, seguridad y financiero. Los resultados alcanzados dejan entrever que las entidades cooperativas tienen diseñados códigos de buen gobierno y están dispuestas a trabajar para reconstruir el tejido social desde el interior de estas organizaciones. Sin embar go, no se cuenta con la infraestructura ni con la voluntad política para realizarlo. Se concluye que es imperante diseñar códigos de buen gobierno corporativo que generen programas de participación que comprendan la solidaridad, la inclusión, la formación y todos aquellos aspectos que se requieren para construir territorios de paz.
The Search for New Antitumor Drugs from Blue-Green Algae
Authors: Moore Richard E. , Corbett Thomas H. , Patterson Gregory M. L. , Valeriote Frederick A.
Published: September 2022

Six to ten percent of the extracts of laboratory-cultured blue-green algae are significantly cytotoxic against human tumor cell lines. Structurally-unique cytotoxins have been isolated from most of the active extracts. Of the extracts of >2000 cyanophytes examined to date, approximately 0.8% showed solid tumor selective cytotoxicity in the Corbett assay. The lipophilic extract of Nostoc sp. GSV 224 was by
far the most cytotoxic and one of the few extracts that were both solid tumor and tumor selective. Cyclic depsipeptides called cryptophycins were found to be the solid tumor and tumor selective agents. In vivo studies on naturally-occurring cryptophycin-1 and semi-synthetic cryptophycin-8 indicate that these compounds are very active against a broad spectrrum of tumors implanted in mice, including multidrug-resistant tumors, and that a cryptophycin analog may eventually be evaluated in the clinic. Several cytotoxins from terrestrial cyanophytes have•structures that resemble those of some antineoplastic agents from marine invertebrates, suggesting that a more extensive cultivation and screening effort on marine cyanophytes could lead to more discoveries of new antitumor drugs.
Lumbar Solitary Osteochondroma with Lower Extremity Weakness: A Case Report
Authors: Sato Takahiro , Kinoshita Hayato , Kobayashi Takashi , Miyakoshi Naohisa
Published: September 2022

Background:

Osteochondroma is the most common benign bone tumor. However, osteochondroma of the spine is relatively rare, accounting for only 4% to 7% of primary benign spinal tumors and less than 3% of all osteochondromas. Furthermore, symptomatic osteochondroma in the lumbar spine is much rarer. We herein describe a patient who was diagnosed with a lumbar solitary osteochondroma causing neurological symptoms of the lower extremities. The patient successfully underwent surgical removal of the lesion.

Case Presentation:

A 79-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of difficulty walking and gradual development of numbness in his left upper extremity, which further exacerbated his difficulty walking. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed spinal stenosis at C3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 and an osseous solitary lesion. We performed a single-stage operation of both the cervical and lumbar spine. The osseous solitary lesion at L5/S1 was removed, and the pathological diagnosis was osteochondroma. After the operation, the patient’s upper extremity numbness and walking ability were improved.

Conclusions:

We experienced a rare case of a neurologically symptomatic solitary osteochondroma in the lumbar spinal canal. Moreover, this lesion was found at the same time as cervical spondylosis causing numbness. Therefore, we must perform careful examinations and thoroughly evaluate imaging and postoperative pathological findings.
AIMS65 and PALBI Scores as Predictors of Six Months’ Mortality in Cirrhotic Patients with Acute Variceal Bleeding
Authors: Elhendawy Mohammed , Eldesouky Alshaimaa Fathy , Soliman Shaimaa S , Mansour Loai , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Hawash Nehad
Published: September 2022

Background & Aims:

Bleeding gastroesophageal varices are a cause of high mortality among cirrhotic patients. We aimed to investigate late mortality predictors and prognostic models using easily verified factors at admission in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB).

Methods:

Between January 2020 and June 2020, 142 patients with AVB from Tanta university hospital were included. Investigating multiple prognostic models was done using multiple logistic regression after identifying significant predictors of 6 months' mortality. Mortality prediction accuracy was assessed with area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve.

Results:

The 6 months’ overall mortality rate was 31% (44 patients had died). AIMS56, Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) grade C and MELD scores were significantly higher among non survivors (p<0.001) while Platelet-albumin-bilirubin (PALBI) was significantly more negative among survivors (P=0.001). Hepatocellular carcinoma was not significantly related to the mortality (p =0.364). Univariate analysis showed that high CTP, MELD, AIMS65 and PALBI scores were predictors of mortality and associated with decreased survival with high sensitivity and low specificity; while multivariate analysis showed that only AIMS56 was independently associated with mortality (p 0.004).

Conclusion:

CTP, MELD, AIMS65 and PALBI scores are simple, bed side risk scores that can be used for the prediction of 6 months’ mortality after AVB in cirrhotic patients with high sensitivities and lower specificities.
Assessment of heat stress in dairy cows related to physiological responses
Authors: Utami Kartika Budi , Widiarso Budi Purwo
Published: September 2022

Climate change will continue to occur in the years to come and threaten dairy cows. As a result of climate change, various risks can change due to changing ecological conditions in various places on earth. The study aimed to assess heat stress in dairy cows (calf, heifer, lactating, and dry cow). The heat stress assessment method uses the equation presented by the temperature-humidity index (THI). Heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature are physiological parameters to determine heat stress. The data collection of cattle's temperature, humidity, and physiological parameters was carried out simultaneously. Data analysis used one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's further test. The results of the heat stress assessment showed that the THI values reached 82.8 and 78.2 in the afternoon and evening, causing the calves, lactating cow, and dry cow to be exposed to heat stress. The rectal temperature of the calf increased by 39.10C, the heart rate and respiration rate of lactating cows increased by 66.5-69.2 times/minute and 51.7 times/minute, and the respiration rate of dry cows increased by 49.2 times/minute. Efforts are needed to control heat stress in dairy cows at all age phases so that dairy cows are in comfortable environmental conditions.
Photodynamic therapy in dystrophic diseases of the vulva
Authors:   Central Clinical Hospital Russian Academy of Sciences, Arutyunyan N.A. , Katsalap S.N. ,   Central Clinical Hospital Russian Academy of Sciences, Khmelevskaya V.F. ,   Central Clinical Hospital Russian Academy of Sciences, Alekhin A.I. ,   Central Clinical Hospital Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2022

Dystrophic diseases of the vulva (DDV) are a group of diseases that have not been fully studied and are characterized by pain, itching, dyspareunia, dysuria, which significantly reduce the quality of life of patients, leading to vegetative-vascular and neurological disorders. Despite many different approaches, the problem of treating vulvar DDV remains unresolved, and among clinicians there is no single approach to treatment, which was the basis for studying the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with local application of a photosensitizer in patients with DDV. As part of the study, 35 patients with DDV were examined and treated. REVIXAN-DERMA gel was used as a photosensitizer, irradiation of the vulva was carried out using a medical laser device "LAMI" with a wavelength of 660 nm. One month after PDT of the vulva, we noted a clinical recovery in 70% of patients (no complaints), a normal vulvoscopic picture was observed in 60% of patients – epithelialization of cracks and erosions, restoration of the thickness of the epithelium, restoration of normal skin pattern, in the remaining 40% patients – epithelization of cracks and erosions, a decrease in the area of damage, restoration of the thickness of the epithelium was noted, in 70% of patients the cytogram was within the normal range, cells with signs of intraepithelial changes and malignancy were not found, in 30% of patients – a small number of horny scales, cells with signs of intraepithelial changes and malignancy were not found. During the PDT procedure of the vulva, no complications or side effects were registered. Thus, the results of the study after the use of PDT of the vulva with local application of the photosensitizer REVIXAN-DERMA gel indicate the effectiveness, safety and prospects of the method in the treatment of degenerative diseases of the vulva.
Binding capacity of plasma corticosteroid-binding globulin as a mechanism for increasing the free fraction of the hormone in the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Omelchuk N.N.
Published: September 2022

The research of the hormonal level of the body in the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness does not lose its relevance due to the expansion of the list of radiation hazard sources. The study results are necessary for clarification of a number of radiobiology concepts on the role of the binding capacity of plasma corticosteroid-binding globulin to blood plasma proteins for increasing the free fraction of the hormone in the dynamics of acute radiation sickness. Determination of the role of free corticoids in the hormonal effect in acute radiation sickness in animals with mono- and biphasic curves of adrenocortical response to radiation was the aim of the work. The experiments were carried out on male rabbits and outbred rats. Animals received a dose of gamma-irradiation, that caused acute radiation sickness of the stage IV. The total content of 11-OX, mcg% was determined by the fluorimetric method Guillemin et al. in the author's modification. To determine the free 11-OX and the binding capacity of CSG, the gel filtration method was used by De Moor et al. in the author's modification. Rabbits were tested 2 hours after irradiation, on days 4 and 8 of radiation sickness. Rats were tested one hour after irradiation, on days 1, 3, 8, and 10 of radiation sickness. The results of the study showed that acute radiation syndrome occurs against the background of an increase in free corticosteroids, which is essential in the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness. The increase in free corticosteroids in the midst of radiation sickness is primarily due to a decrease in the binding capacity of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CSG or transcortin) and does not depend on the total concentration of the hormone in the blood plasma, which is a general radiobiological pattern. The magnitude of the binding capacity of transcortin is an indicator of protein-steroid interaction.
Impact of radioactive discharges of Siberian Chemical Plant (SCP) and Pilot-demonstration energy complex (PDEC) on aquatic biota inhabiting in the SCP 30-km zone
Authors:   Joint Stock Company PRORYV, Solomatin V.M. , Spirin E.V. ,   Joint Stock Company PRORYV
Published: September 2022

Radiation doses to aquatic biota exposed to Siberian Chemical Plant (SCP, Tomsk) radioactive discharges, and Pilot-demonstration energy complex (PDEC) forecasting radiation doses from designed radioactive discharges were estimated. Doses to the biota in the habitat in the existing radiation situation were assessed with the use of measurements of water and bottom sediments samples collected during environmental monitoring of airborne radioactivity in 2017. Designed radioactivity discharges were assumed from normally operated PDEC modules for fabrication and refabrication and fuel reprocessing and reactor BREST-OD-300. It was found that the esti-mated highest radiation doses to biota were: for freshwater mammals – 24 μGy/day, it is 40 times below the reference levels; for fish – 7 μGy/day, it is 140 times below reference levels; for aquatic plants and mollusks – 1.2 μGy/day, it is about 10000 times below the reference levels. Anticipated radiation doses to the aquatic biota exposed to radiation discharged by PDEC were formed in the Lake Chernoe (Black Lake). The highest doses to fresh water mammals, fish and birds are 0.3 μGy/day, for aquatic plants and mollusks – 0.05 μGy/day. The main contributor to anticipated radiation doses to aquatic biota and birds is tritium, 3H.