bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the influence of cemented carbide micro-textured structure on tribological properties
Authors: Tang Zhixiong , Ge Zhenghao , Li Jie
Published: October 2024

To examine how micro-textures with distinct structures affect the tribological properties of cemented carbide tool-cutting processes, various micro-textures were meticulously fabricated on YG8 cemented carbide blocks. Subsequently, friction and wear experiments were systematically conducted to examine the microstructure nuances resulting from the diverse structures. The influence of these micro-textures on the friction coefficient of cemented carbide and its underlying factors was comprehensively analyzed. To further investigate the impact of these micro-textures on the cutting force in cemented carbide tools, finite element analysis was conducted. Identical micro-textures used in the tribological experiment were applied to the tool, followed by milling simulations aimed at elucidating the impact of these varied micro-textures on the three-dimensional cutting force exerted by the tool. Empirical investigations and finite element analyses revealed that micro-textures characterized as parallel (parallel to the main cutting edge), perpendicular (perpendicular to the main cutting edge), and a combination of “parallel + perpendicular” significantly enhance the tribological properties of cemented carbide tools. This enhancement is evident in the reduction of both the friction coefficient and cutting force of the tool. Particularly noteworthy is the substantial efficacy of vertical micro-textures in minimizing both the frictional force and cutting force, resulting in a noteworthy reduction of the primary cutting force by more than 60% and a concomitant alleviation of tool feeding force by approximately 25%.
Thermal-hydraulic simulation of loss of flow accident for WWR-S research reactor
Authors: El-Morshedy Salah El-Din , Moawed Mohamed , Abdelrahman Mohamed A. , Abu Elnour Asmaa G. , Taha Mohammed
Published: October 2024

A thermal-hydraulic model has been developed by RELAP5 code to simulate the thermal-hydraulic behavior of a WWR-S research reactor under loss of flow accident (LOFA). The reactor power is 2 MW with downward flow direction and different types of fuel bundles of different power densities and different coolant flow-rates. The simulation is performed for two scenarios; protected and unprotected LOFA. In the protected LOFA scenario; Scram is triggered as soon as the coolant flow rate reaches 85 % of its nominal value while in the unprotected LOFA scenario; the reactor continues operation during pump cost-down and natural circulation flow. Once the flow is low enough, the buoyancy force increases in the core leading to flow inversion phenomenon and establishment of a natural circulation mechanism within the core coolant channels in both scenarios. In the protected LOFA scenario, the coolant remains subcooled by a vast margin during transient while bulk boiling is predicted at the upper part of the core for the unprotected LOFA scenario. The heat fluxes leading to the onset of nucleate boiling and the critical heat flux are predicted and the safety margins are determined. The results for both scenarios are analyzed and discussed.
Das Glück der schönen Mädchen? Überlegungen zu einem spätantiken Kerkergraffito aus Korinth (IG IV2 3, 1274)
Authors: Wojciech Katharina
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on a graffito from Corinth, which was discovered in an ancient prison and very probably written by a prostitute: “νικᾷ ἡ τύχη το͂ν καλο͂ν κορασίον το͂ν φιλόντον τοὺς ἀγάμους”. On the one hand, the possible circumstances of the woman’s imprisonment are discussed in light of late antique prostitution laws. On the other hand, the Christian view of prostitution at the time is examined. Instead of assuming – as has been done so far – that the imprisoned prostitute shows remorse, the article looks for alternative interpretations and considers whether the lines could rather refer to the lack of alternatives to prostitution, suggesting a translation such as: “The happiness of the beautiful girls will prevail because they welcome the unmarried men!”
The role of presence of wormlike micelles of ionic surfactants on the sterilization efficiency of sodium hypochlorite
Authors: Khalil Rabah Ali , Hammad Fahad Jumaah
Published: October 2024

This paper describes an attempt to increase the sterilising efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (SH) by prolonging its shelf life in gel mode through the presence of wormlike micelles. No effect was observed on the presence of SH on the ratio of highest viscosity peak of 20:80 of 3 % (w/w) sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). On the other side, the presence of SH has a relatively negative effect on transformation process from spherical (three-dimensional, 3D) micelles to wormlike (one-dimensional, 1D) micelles. The gel state of the aqueous SH solution is maintained even at a ratio of 20:80 SDS:CTAB 3 % (w/w). Measurements of the biological activity of the gel using Staphylococcus aureus bacteria show that the sterilizing efficiency of SH is enhanced by the presence of 1D micelles. In contrast, the stability of SH using the kinetic method shows a sudden decrease in its stability due to the presence of 1D micelles, and the same is the case when both SDS and CTAB micelles are present. It was concluded that the increase in the biological activity of SH due to presence of micelles in gel or liquid mode resulted from their chemical interference, which acts as an antibacterial formulation.
Optimizing equine sperm quality: an alternative to single layer centrifugation for sperm isolation
Authors: Medica Ashlee Jade , Gibb Zamira , Aitken Robert John
Published: October 2024

Graphical abstract

In vitro semen purification techniques have been developed that seek to mimic the in vivo selection process in order to generate the highest possible chance of oocyte fertilization following artificial insemination. Numerous methods have been developed to isolate functional spermatozoa for artificial insemination, yet only one method, single-layer centrifugation using commercial preparations like EquiPure, has been widely employed. In this study, we have introduced a novel approach for isolating spermatozoa and compared their quality to those isolated using EquiPure. The AI port system (Memphasys, Ltd. in Sydney, Australia) features a disposable cartridge with an inoculation chamber for depositing extended semen and a harvest chamber for extracting isolated spermatozoa. These chambers are separated by a 5 µm polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) membrane, allowing highly motile spermatozoa to migrate from the inoculation chamber to the harvest chamber over a 20-minute period. This migration effectively leaves behind seminal plasma and other cell types, such as leukocytes. Comparative analyses between spermatozoa isolated with the AI port and EquiPure demonstrated that, across all measured sperm parameters, including yield, vitality, motility, morphology, DNA fragmentation, and mitochondrial superoxide generation, the AI port-isolated cells exhibited comparable or superior performance, particularly in terms of DNA fragmentation. In summary, the AI port system demonstrates the potential to efficiently isolate high-quality spermatozoa, possibly offering a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative that may enhance the success rates of artificial insemination in breeding programs.

Lay summary

This study aimed to create a new method for refining stallion semen to increase the likelihood of a successful pregnancy through artificial insemination. While there are existing techniques for isolating high-quality sperm, the most common involves a complicated process using a centrifuge, which spins the semen to separate it. This research introduces a new approach called the AI port system that uses a disposable cartridge with two separate chambers for putting in semen and getting out isolated sperm. A membrane between the chambers acts like a filter, letting highly motile sperm swim across, leaving behind unwanted substances like bacteria and blood cells. Compared to the centrifugation method, the AI port system effectively produces sperm with comparable or better quality in various aspects, including vitality, movement, shape, DNA integrity, and energy production. In summary, the AI port system is an easy-to-use alternative with the potential to improve the success of artificial insemination in horse breeding programs.
An unusual presentation of Wegener’s granulomatosis during pregnancy
Authors: Haridas Vikram Muralidhar , S Chandrashekara  , Dharmanand Balebail Gopalakrishna
Published: October 2024

The occurrence of Wegener’s granulomatosis (WG), a multisystem autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, during pregnancy and postpartum is rare. We present here a rare case of a pregnant woman with corneal ulcer that occurred secondary to WG during the postpartum period.
La melodía de la celebración. Una revalorización teológica del canto en la liturgia de la eucaristía
Authors: Cárdenas Linares David Stiven
Published: October 2024

Liturgical singing has lost importance within the most common parish environments. Furthermore, the role of the cantor, on many occasions, is replaced by a mere recording in liturgical celebrations, especially in the Eucharist. This work seeks to theologically revalue the role of singing within the mass, resorting to the reflection of Christology, theological anthropology and ecclesiology.
Nuestra santidad en renovación: urgencia en tiempos de dominación
Authors: Rodríguez Milagros Elena
Published: October 2024

From the rhizomatic deconstruction transmethod, the renewal of our holiness is analyzed as an urgency in times of domination. This is the complex objective of the investigation. To do this, we turn to the Holy Scriptures as support, together with subjectivity, in the experiences of the author in her journey as a human being who tends to Christianity: recognizing Jesus Christ as her savior and Lord; between authors such as Raimón Panikkar. This inquiry is considered in the line of research “transepistemologies of knowledge and transcomplex transmethodologies”. Deeply intertwined rhizomes are traversed in which reconstruction tends nine openings: holiness is an intense battle in our interior life; holiness we must have spiritual weapons; among other.
El corpus setiano y su influencia en el cristianismo
Authors: Herrera Tovar Erik Julián
Published: October 2024

As the Sethian corpus has been almost forgotten by theologians, Christians and the people in general, besides the fact that its heritage to Christianity in general has been so wide, and with the purpose of expelling some prejudices daemons, it will be explained in the present text some theological and ritual aspects of that corpus, especially about one of most developed texts of this corpus this one as is the Apocryphon of John as a general introduction to the entire corpus and to such work in specific. As a conclusion, it will be a general note on the Sethian heritage of Christianity until today, tradition without which it is impossible to understand, nor correctly nor completely, so the ancient as the current Christianity.
INFLUENCE OF THE PREPARATION METHOD OF BISMUTH-CONTAINING ZEOLITE CATALYSTS ON THEIR ACTIVITY IN STRAIGHT-RUN GASOLINE PROCESSING
Authors: VELICHKINA L.M. , VOSMERIKOVA L.N. , YUKHIN YU.M. , VOSMERIKOV A.V.
Published: October 2024

New methods of zeolite HZSM-5 modification with bismuth compounds are proposed. The choice of bismuth as a modifying agent is due to the systematisation and generalisation of the available literature data and experimental results of studying the chemistry and synthesis of bismuth compounds of various compositions. Phases in the resulting bismuth-containing zeolite systems were identified by X-ray phase analysis, and the state of bismuth in chemical compounds was determined. The number and strength of acid sites in the original and modified samples were determined by the method of temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia. The catalytic activity of zeolites was studied in the process of hydrogen-free processing of the straight-run gasoline fraction of oil into high-octane gasolines. The effect of modification methods and process temperature on the structural-group hydrocarbon composition, the yield of gaseous and liquid reaction products was studied, and the octane numbers of the resulting gasolines were determined. It is shown that over the bismuth-containing zeolite catalysts, in comparison with unmodified zeolite, the yield of the target product, high-octane gasoline containing a smaller amount of aromatic hydrocarbons, increases, which makes it more environmentally friendly. It has been established that the production of high-octane gasolines that meet modern requirements for motor fuels is possible over modified zeolites within a wider process temperature range. Based on the studies performed, methods for modifying the HZSM-5 zeolite with bismuth are proposed on the basis of the studies performed. The proposed methods make it possible to improve the efficiency of the catalyst in the process of upgrading the straight-run gasoline fraction of oil.
STUDY OF COAL TAR PITCH MORPHOLOGY AND STRUCTURE
Authors: SOZINOV S.A. , POPOVA A.N. , ISMAGILOV Z.R.
Published: October 2024

The morphology and structure of the mesophase in the series: coal tar pitch (CTP) - α-fraction of CTP - carbonised α-fraction after heating to 1200 °C, were studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase and X-ray structural analysis. The X-ray structural parameters were determined: longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the lamellae and the thickness of packages, the distance between the lamellae and the number of lamellae in the formed packages. It is shown that the two-dimensional structures of carbon mesophase are ordered into three-dimensional packages during the formation of semi-coke under CTP heating. It is established that the carbon structure of CTP and its α-fraction is represented by the turbostratic and graphite-like phases. The sizes of the packages formed by the lamellae during structuring in the transverse direction in the studied samples are of the order of 18-25 Å, in the longitudinal direction 46-63 Å, the average distance between the lamellae in the studied samples is 3.46-3.52 Å.
INVESTIGATION OF ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE ON THE COMPOSITION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN THE WATER AND BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE PARSHIKHA BAY OF LAKE CHANY (THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION)
Authors: ELCHANINOVA E.A. , SEREBRENNIKOVA O.V. , STRELNIKOVA E.B. , RUSSKIKH I.V. , FEDOROV D.V.
Published: October 2024

The distributions of bioorganic components, as well as compounds of anthropogenic and mixed origins, have been studied in the sediments and water of the Parshikha Bay of the brackish Lake Chany (the Novosibirsk Region). The contribution of the main sources of organic matter in water and bottom sediments was estimated relying on the compositions of identified compounds (acyclic, aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons, acyclic and alicyclic oxygenated organic compounds, steroids, bicyclic sesquiterpenoids and pentacyclic triterpenoids). The composition of these objects has been established to be formed mainly due to the compounds of biogenic and mixed origin. The ratio of odd to even alkanes is equal to unity, the presence of cyclohexanes and drimanes, which are not characteristic of recent precipitation, indicates the presence of petroleum products. Household compounds - triphenylphosphates and phthalates, which are used as plasticizers in the production of polymer materials, have also been identified.
STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE CARBON FRAMEWORK IN α-FRACTIONS OF DIFFERENT GRADES OF COAL-TAR PITCH OBTAINED FROM COAL TAR
Authors: ISMAGILOV Z.R. , NIKITIN A.P. , GAVRILYUK O.M.
Published: October 2024

In this work, the samples of α-fractions isolated from the pitches of different grades (B, B1, V) obtained from an industrial sample of coal tar are studied. The main numerical characteristics obtained from the Raman spectra of the isolated α-fractions are calculated and analysed. A direct relationship is established between the content of defects in graphite-like crystallites and the pitch softening temperature.
INITIATION OF THE LIQUID-PHASE HYDROCARBON OXIDATION REACTIONS BY HIGH-MOLECULAR OIL FRACTIONS
Authors: SIZOVA N.V.
Published: October 2024

High-molecular oil fractions exhibiting the initiating effect, nontypical for these oil objects, on the model reaction of cumene radical oxidation were investigated by means of microcalorimetry. It is shown for some objects that the initiators appear in the high-molecular fractions of oil in the course of their isolation from native oils by n-hydrocarbons. An insignificant correlation is established between the content of nickel, vanadium, and vanadylporphyrins and initiating activity. The initiators have been found in freshly isolated ‘acid resin’ fractions, which lose their initiating ability during storage due to chemical condensation processes. This method may be considered as a test for the content of inhibitors or initiators of radical oxidation in oil objects.
VALIDATION OF THE STANDARD CERTIFIED METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN SORBENT SAMPLES
Authors: BUSHUMOV S.A. , KOROTKOVA T.G.
Published: October 2024

The validation of a standard certified method for measuring the mass fraction of oil products in soils and bottom sediments by IR spectrometry for measuring the content of oil products in sorbent samples based on ash and slag waste from thermal power engineering, and changes in the method of sample preparation in order to improve the metrological characteristics of the method are proposed. To calculate the metrological characteristics of the method to be validated, 48 measurements were carried out according to the recommendations set out in RMG 61-2010 (Appendix E). The assessment of the repeatability index was carried out according to the Cochran criterion. Grubbs statistics were used to evaluate the intralaboratory precision index. The correctness score was determined using a two-sample Student’s t-test. The assessment of the accuracy indicator was performed by the selective relative standard deviation of the measurement results of the control sample. Quality indicators of the standard methodology PND F 16.1:2.2.22-98 (2005 edition): repeatability rate 8 %; index of intralaboratory precision 10 %; correctness score 15 %; accuracy rate 25 %. Quality indicators of the method being validated: repeatability rate 2.7 %; index of intralaboratory precision 2.7 %; correctness score 1.3 %; accuracy rate 5.3 %. The measurement results obtained using the developed validated method for measuring the oil product content in the samples of modified sorbent based on ash and slag wastes are more reproducible in terms of repeatability and precision, as well as more correct and accurate in comparison with the results obtained when measuring using the standard PND F method 16.1:2.2.22-98 (2005 edition).
CHEMICAL-PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF COAL HUMIC SUBSTANCES FOR APPLICATION IN FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES
Authors: ZYKOVA M.V. , BRATISHKO K.A. , LOGVINOVA L.A. , IVANOV V.V. , BUYKO E.E. , DANILETS M.G. , TROFIMOVA E.S. , LIGACHEVA A.A. , ZIMA A.P. , RABTSEVICH E.S. , UFANDEEV A.A. , MIKHALEV D.A. , PERSHINA A.V. , KONSTANTINOV A.I. , PERMINOVA I.V. , BELOUSOV M.V.
Published: October 2024

Physicochemical and pharmacological properties of the humic substances from coal of the Kansk-Achinsk coal basin, the Pereyaslovskoe deposit, have been studied. The presence of polycyclic aromatic structures and aliphatic fragments with various functional groups as substituents (carboxyl, carbonyl and quinoid, phenolic, alcoholic, ether and ester, amino and amide) was established by means of UV, IR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, fluorimetry, and elemental analysis. It has been determined by HPLC that coal humic substances are highly hydrophilic polydisperse biopolymers with medium molecular weights. According to the indicator of microbiological purity (category 3B), the content of microorganisms does not exceed the indicators required by the State Pharmacopeia of the Russian Federation (SPh XIV edition). The content of radionuclides, toxic metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic) corresponds to the norms (according to SPh XIV edition). The presence of 11 essential elements has been established. The studied humic substances belong to the V class of hazard (low-hazard substances, according to GOST 32644-2014), do not have allergising properties and cytotoxic effect within a broad concentration range. Antioxidant, immunotropic, cytoprotective properties were established in the studies of specific pharmacological activity with various experimental models. The ability to inhibit free radicals such as hydroxyl radicals (HO•) and superoxide-anion radical (O2-• should be stressed, as these radicals are able to bypass the endogenous antioxidant defense systems of the body. It is concluded that the studied humic substances of the Kansk-Achinsk coal basin, the Pereyaslovskoe deposit, are safe and effective biologically active substances of natural origin for use as a promising biologically active substance in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
EFFECT OF THE PEROXIDE ACTIVITY OF BASHKIR LINDEN HONEY ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: KANCHURINA M.M. , TALIPOV R.F. , KAIPKULOV R.N. , SALTYKOVA E.S. , GAIFULLINA L.R. , KASKINOVA M.D.
Published: October 2024

Bashkir linden honey is known not only for its unique aroma and delicate taste, but also for its medicinal antibacterial properties. One of the components responsible for the bactericidal properties of honey is hydrogen peroxide, which is formed as a result of enzymatic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid by glucose oxidase, the enzyme produced by bees. However, there are no data in the literature on the studies of the peroxide antibacterial properties of Bashkir honey. The present study deals with the quantitative determination of the hydrogen peroxide content in Bashkir linden honey collected from various natural and agricultural zones of the Republic of Bashkortostan. According to the results of the melissopalinological analysis, all the studied 39 honey samples are floral monofloral linden honey. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in all samples ranges within 0-51.97 mg/kg•h. The high diversity in the sensitivity of the investigated strains of opportunistic microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the tested samples of linden honey suggests the presence of both peroxide and non-peroxide mechanisms of antibacterial activity. Non-peroxide antibacterial activity can be represented by the honey components of bee, plant and microbial origin: organic acids, antimicrobial proteins and peptides, as well as bacteriocins.
CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION AND COLLOIDAL STABILITY OF HEAVY OIL IN THE PRESENCE OF QUINOLINE
Authors: KORNEEV D.S. , PEVNEVA G.S.
Published: October 2024

The influence of low molecular weight nitrogenous bases (by the example of quinoline) on the composition and colloidal stability of asphaltenes in solutions and oil dispersed systems is investigated. The objects of study were model oil systems with the basic nitrogen content of 1.0-3.0 wt. %, obtained by mixing the original oil and quinoline. The content of basic nitrogen (Nbas) was determined using the method of non-aqueous potentiometric titration. Analysis of the colloidal stability of asphaltenes in solutions and oil systems was carried out by spectrophotometry. It is shown that the content of asphaltenes in oil systems is reduced by 0.22 wt. % with an increase in the content of basic nitrogen (quinoline) up to 3 wt. %. At the same time, the content of resins increases by almost 8 wt. %. With an increase in the content of quinoline in oil systems, the proportion of basic nitrogen in the asphaltenes isolated from them increases from 1.71 to 3.60 wt. %, which indicates the active participation of quinoline in the formation of supramolecular structures of asphaltenes during their precipitation with n-hexane. The presence of low molecular weight nitrogenous bases (quinoline) in oil contributes to a significant increase in the growth rate of aggregates and a decrease in the colloidal stability of oil systems.
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME SPECIES OF ASTERACEAE FAMILY CULTIVATED IN WEST SIBERIA
Authors: LEBEDEVA M.A. , KUKUSHKINA T.A. , SHALDAEVA T.M. , PSHENICHKINA YU.A. , KHRAMOVA E.P.
Published: October 2024

The content of phenolic compounds (flavonols, flavans (catechins), tannins), polysaccharides (pectins, protopectins), tetraterpenes (carotenoids) and the antioxidant activity have been studied in Inula helenium L., Antennaria dioica (L.) Graertn., Ligularia macrophylla (Ledeb.) DC Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. cultivated in Western Siberia. Flavonol content in the leaves and inflorescences of the studied species of the Asteraceae family was determined to be 0.75-1.98 wt. %, the maximum amount was detected in the inflorescences of I. helenium. Tannins are present in the amount of 9.62-14.86 wt. %, the maximum content is observed in the leaves of A. dioica and inflorescences of E. purpurea. The amount of catechins ranges from 0.02 ( A. dioica, L. macrophylla ) to 0.13 wt. % ( E. purpurea, I. helenium ). Pectins are present at the level of 1.20 %, somewhat lower content is detected in the leaves of I. helenium and inflorescences of L. macrophylla (0.43 and 0.59 wt. %), a fairly high content of protopectins (7.89-11.88 %) in the leaves and inflorescences of the studied species exhibits no significant differences. The concentration of carotenoids in the leaves and inflorescences of L. macrophylla is almost at the same level, while in I. helenium and E. purpurea it is significantly higher in leaves, in A. dioica - in inflorescences. The indicators of the total content of phenolic antioxidants in the leaves and inflorescences of I. helenium, A. dioica, and L. macrophylla have no significant differences. According to the results of a comparison of the antioxidant capacity of the studied extracts by means of DPPH, the highest radical-binding activity is exhibited by the extracts from the leaves of I. helenium (0.46 mg/mL) and inflorescences of A. dioica (0.47 mg/mL), somewhat lower activity is exhibited by the extracts of E. purpurea (0.70-0.92 mg/mL) and L. macrophylla (1.00-1.25 mg/mL).
EFFECT OF MECHANOCHEMICAL PROCESSING PARAMETERS ON ETHOXYLATION OF BENZOIC ACID DERIVATIVES
Authors: KHIL'KO S.L. , MAKAROVA R.A. , SEMENOVA R.G. , NEVECHERYA O.I.
Published: October 2024

The regularities of ethoxylation of benzoic acid derivatives during interaction with polyethylene glycol through mechanochemical solid-phase synthesis in a vibrating apparatus have been studied. The conditions for carrying out mechanochemical reactions to increase the conversion degree of initial reagents into reaction products are analysed. The products of ethoxylation are characterized by IR spectroscopy, acid-base potentiometric titration, tensiometry, and dilatational rheology. It has been established that the degree of starting reagents conversion into ethoxylation products depends on the nature of the substituent and its position in the benzene ring. The degree of conversion into reaction products is higher for ortho-substituted derivatives of benzoic acid. It is shown that the salts of ethoxylated derivatives of benzoic acid exhibit pronounced surfactant properties at the air - solution interface.
TOXIC ELEMENTS IN NATURAL WATERS OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK URBAN AGGLOMERATION: DISTRIBUTION, BACKGROUND, ANOMALIES
Authors: CHERNYKH A.V. , NOVIKOV D.A. , MAKSIMOVA A.A. , DULTSEV F.F. , DERKACHEV A.S.
Published: October 2024

The distribution of the 1st hazard class substances and trace elements in the natural waters of the Novosibirsk urban agglomeration is investigated. A substantial role in water pollution is played in the study area not only by a large number of vehicles but also by industrial enterprises. The composition of natural waters is determined as mainly hydrocarbonate calcium and hydrocarbonate calcium-magnesium, with total dissolved solids varying from 127 to 910 mg/dm3, and silicon concentration 0.14-11.61 mg/dm3. The geochemical setting changes from reducing (Eh -164.3 mV) to oxidizing (Eh 442.1 mV), pH 6.9-8.8 with O2(sol.) content 0.48-20.28 mg/dm3. Within the city of Novosibirsk, excesses of background values for 33 elements were revealed; the concentrations of the first hazard class substances are, mg/dm3: Be (6.4•10-6)-(1.4•10-4), As 0.0003-0.26, Hg (8.33•10-7)-(2.3•10-4), Tl (6.2•10-7)-(8.2•10-5), U (1.3•10-5)-0.21. The activity of radon, established in the natural waters of the city of Novosibirsk, varies from 1 to 1570 Bq/dm3. The waters under active anthropogenic load are mainly the river waters of the Inya, the Eltsovka the 2nd, the Plyushchikha, the Eltsovka, the Kamyshenka, and the Ob. In groundwater samples, excesses over the actual normative documents and maximum permissible levels were revealed in the well in Kirov settlement (Mn - by a factor of 14, Fe - 10, As - 5), and in the Topol Gardeners Non-Commercial Partnership (Mn - by a factor of 59, Fe - 94, and As - 27).
Problem braku gotowości personelu pielęgniarskiego do stosowania metod biologicznego oczyszczania ran za pomocą larw Lucilia sericata
Authors: Miecznik Emilia
Published: October 2024

Terapia biologicznego oczyszczania ran przy pomocy larw Lucilia sericata jest efektywną i bezpieczną metodą usuwania tkanki martwiczej, co ma duże znaczenie w kontekście prawidłowego prowadzenia procesu leczenia. Pomimo oczywistych korzyści larwoterapii metoda ta spotyka się z brakiem akceptacji ze strony personelu medycznego. Cel Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza przyczyn braku gotowości personelu pielęgniarskiego do stosowania metod biodebridementu oraz czynników determinujących wskazane problemy. Materiał i metody Do celów badawczych zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego, przeprowadzonego techniką ankietowania w formie elektronicznej. Ankieta skierowana była wyłącznie do grupy zawodowej pielęgniarek/pielęgniarzy. Wyniki Nie stwierdzono istotnego wpływu płci, wykształcenia, wieku, stażu pracy na występowanie bariery psychicznej przed stosowaniem larwoterapii. Wykazano zależność odczuwanego oporu przed stosowaniem larwoterapii od miejsca pracy (p=0,03) – opór był niższy u osób z doświadczeniem w pracy w oddziałach zabiegowych. Ponad 50% ankietowanych przyznała, że może mieć opór przed stosowaniem larw z powodu obrzydzenia i wstrętu. Poziom wiedzy pielęgniarek, które twierdziły, że posiadają odpowiednie kompetencje do prowadzenia debridementu, był istotnie wyższy (91%±15%) od stanu wiedzy pozostałych pielęgniarek. Nie stwierdzono istotnego wpływu wykształcenia i stażu pracy na możliwość uczestnictwa w szkoleniach dotyczących larwoterapii ze względów finansowych. Nie stwierdzono istotnego wpływu miejsca pracy pielęgniarek na brak akceptacji tej metody leczenia ze strony pacjenta. Umiejętność przekonania pacjenta do larwoterapii nie miała związku z wiekiem, stażem pracy, płcią czy miejscem pracy, ponadto miejsce pracy nie wypływało na możliwości samodzielnego podjęcia się opracowywania rany. Wiek, płeć, wykształcenie czy staż pracy nie wpływały istotnie na samodzielność personelu w leczeniu ran. Poziom wiedzy pielęgniarek/pielęgniarzy nie był zależny od wieku, wykształcenia, miejsca pracy. Ankietowani, którzy odpowiedzieli, że względy finansowe nie uniemożliwiają im uczestniczenia w szkoleniach dotyczących larwoterapii, mieli istotnie wyższy poziom wiedzy (87%±14%) niż ci, którzy nie mają możliwości uczestnictwa w szkoleniach dotyczących larwoterapii ze względów finansowych (69%±22%). Poziom znajomości metody oczyszczania rany za pomocą larw Lucilia sericata u badanych był na poziomie 7,1±1,5 punktów, co stanowiło 79%±17% i kwalifikowało ich wiedzę jako dobrą. Wnioski Brak skomplikowanych procedur technicznych oraz niski koszt użycia biodebridementu skłania do podejmowania działań zachęcających personel medyczny do akceptacji metody oczyszczania ran przy pomocy larw Lucilia sericata.
Biocidal properties of gypsum stone modified with Reynoutria sachalinensis raw materials
Authors: Zemskova Olga , Erofeev Vladimir , Samchenko Svetlana , Kozlova Irina , Dudareva Marina , Korshunov Andrey
Published: October 2024

The current stage of the construction industry development implies increased requirements for building materials to maintain and improve global environmental processes. The understanding by ecologists globally of the danger of anthropogenic impact on the global environment has been reflected in the formulation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Thus, scientists and engineers are turning to safe plant-based raw materials as innovative building materials. Of particular interest for practice is the use of Reynoutria sachalinensis, which may exhibit biocidal properties. The purpose of this study was to obtain a gypsum stone modified with an extract from the green mass of R. sachalinensis, as resistant coating to fouling by microscopic fungi. The results indicated 10% decrease in the required water addition to gypsum paste when using plant extract, a slowdown of the initial and final setting time of the modified gypsum paste samples compared to the control samples by 6 and 7 min, respectively, and a slight decrease in bending and compressive strengths of the samples of 12.5% and 6%. The 100% resistance of the modified samples to fouling by microscopic mould fungi was also revealed.
Fertility and Family Policy in European Countries During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: AKSYONOVA SVITLANA , KRIMER BORYS
Published: October 2024

The study of shifts in the fertility dynamics during crisis periods along with changes in the system of family policy in European countries is a relevant direction of research for the further development of Ukraine’s demographic policy, increasing its effectiveness, especially in the period of post-war reconstruction. In this regard, the purpose of our paper is to find out the changes in trends and structural characteristics of fertility in the first years of the COVID-19 pandemic in European countries in combination with the analysis of change in family policy, effectiveness of current and implemented during this period policy measures. The main methods used in the paper were systematization and generalization of statistical information from various sources, structural-logical and comparative analysis and critical assessment of measures implemented to counter crisis situations in developed European countries. The scientific novelty consists in generalizing fertility characteristics and family policy measures to counteract the negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on family wellbeing in European countries. The grouping of European countries was based on the changes that occurred in the fertility dynamics on the eve of the COVID-19 pandemic and in 2020—2021. In most countries, there was a decrease in the total fertility rate in 2020 followed by a rather sharp rise in 2021. This became possible due to the increase in childbirth among women of middle and older reproductive age. The countries in which there was a long period of decline in the total fertility rate before the epidemic but in 2021 fertility increased despite the complexity of the epidemiological situation (Ireland, the Netherlands, Iceland, Norway) have drawn the most attention. Consistency, comprehensiveness, adherence to principles, variety are key characteristics of family policy that strengthen reproductive resilience. Along with providing financial assistance to families with children, in many countries, parents were given additional paid leave, measures were introduced to counter the dismissal of employees who have children, support was provided to institutions that continued to provide childcare services, and remote employment opportunities were expanded. The issues of the influence of population’s trust in the government (especially in periods of crisis) on formation of reproductive intentions and their realization need further study.
Social Protection: Terminological Definition, Fundamentals and Management Tools
Authors: NOVIKOV VALERII
Published: October 2024

Changes in social and economic relations that are rapidly occurring under the influence of various types of risks are causing the emergence of new challenges in the relations of the population with state and public entities. The importance of social institutions that are designed to provide material and psychological assistance to segments of the population different in age, gender and professional level is increasing. In the conditions of partial or sometimes complete loss of income by the citizens of the country, narrowing of the sphere of employment and consumption of socially important services, considerable attention is paid to the social protection of the population. The main purpose of this institution is to promote the maximum possible support of the quality of life, especially for the least protected sections of the population. At the same time, from an economic point of view, the importance of social protection is inseparable from its role in achieving an effective balance between the social and economic components of society, which imposes a certain responsibility on its social obligations and, therefore, an adequate understanding of functional boundaries. However, in the economic literature and in practice, social protection appears to be very simplified and, as a rule, is characterized by parametric indicators of assistance to the population. At the same time, the functional content of social protection as a systemic category, its connection with other social categories, in particular with social security, as well as with the budgetary, financial and economic instruments of society, escape the attention of researchers. In this regard, it should be considered relevant to specify the system of functions of the modern multi-subject management model and its inherent implementation mechanisms. The purpose of the paper is to determine the categorical essence of social protection of the population, its functional features among other segments of state social policy; substantiating the feasibility of using a multi-subject form of managing social processes that are important for the life of citizens. Novelty of the article lies in the classical understanding of the concept of social protection of the population. Its connection with the category of social security and the general process of social development of the population is revealed. The concept of multisubject management is structured as a system of interrelated measures to determine “centers of influence” on priorities, goals and fulfillment of tasks of social development of the population in the face of the onset of corresponding risks.
The Role of the Resilient Potential of Public Organizations in Reconstruction of Territorial Communities of Ukraine
Authors: DIAKONENKO OKSANA , NECHYTAILO TETIANA
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the research on the resilient potential of public organizations in Ukraine is determined by the need to increase the regenerative capabilities of territorial communities within a limited time frame and with restricted resource suport. The purpose of the article is substantiating the resilient potential of public organizations as an effective tool for increasing the adaptive capacity and self-organization of public community, mitigating the destructive consequences and accelerating recovery of territorial communities during the Russo-Ukrainian war and in post-war period. The novelty of the article consists in identifying the impact of public organizations on the resilient recovery of territorial communities in the conditions of the Russo-Ukrainian war. The research was carried out using the systems approach method, techniques of abstraction and generalization, functional and comparative analysis, statistical methods and data analysis, graphic method. The influence of public organizations on the resilience of territorial communities was analyzed by means of correlation-regression analysis. Three indicators of the resilient potential of territorial communities of the country were selected according to the criterion of significance and the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship. Namely: profitability of local budgets per person, cash income of households, the size of informally employed population as a sign of the shadow economy. The main functions of public organizations in ensuring the resilience of territorial communities have been disclosed. It is substantiated that the most effective tools for the influence of public organizations on ensuring the resilience of communities in the conditions of the war and post-war period are active means (promotion of citizens’ mobility, formation of public opinion, public control) and segmental tools (influence on certain population groups, infrastructure objects, territories etc.) with a fixed effect (legal assistance to internally displaced persons, reconstruction of the destroyed property and healthcare facilities, improvement of epidemic living conditions, ensuring the operation of a humanitarian center, collection of necessary information).
Integrating Digital Literacy Skills and Technological Intelligence in the Higher Education Curriculum of India
Authors:   Department of Education, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala-671316, India, Varghese Jijo , Musthafa M. N. Mohamedunni Alias ,   Department of Education, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala-671316, India
Published: October 2024

Background: The twenty-first-century learners can be termed as digital natives and therefore, any discussion on the pedagogies and curriculum must concentrate on integrating digital literacy skills and the teaching and learning materials must focus on the development of the technological intelligence of the learners. The principal apprehension for all the educationists and curriculum planners is how to transform and modify higher education for preparing the learners of this century to more effectively cope with the challenges of today’s labor market. Purpose: The paper aims to answer two key questions facing higher educational educators are those of: (i) what is the present status of higher education in preparing the graduates with the necessary skills and competencies for 21st-century skills, and (ii) how can the present education system integrate the digital and technological intelligence in the curriculum? Methods: Exploration of the current Indian higher education cur-riculum and critically analyzing the results of various studies con-ducted in a similar area and by analyzing newspapers, educational policies, public survey results, and literature regarding the trends and developments in the higher education academia. Results: This disposition visualized the possible challenges and suggests practical measures to solve the problems and demand for a new paradigm where there is symbiotic integration of digital literacy skills and technological intelligence is highlighted. Conclusion: There is a great need for updating and transforming the curriculum and pedagogic approaches in tune with the learning styles and demands of the learners.
Dauru Mūsa Syāhīn Lāsyīn fī Al-Tashaddi li Al-Tatharruf Al-Fikri fī Fahmi Al-Hadīts
Authors: Ikromi Zul , Arifin Johar , Fadil Muhammad Reza
Published: October 2024

This research discusses the role of Musa Shaheen in counteracting extreme thought through his writings relating to the discussion and thoughts of the Prophet's Sunnah. This research answers two important questions; how was Musa Shaheen Lashin's dedication to the Sunnah of the Prophet? And what is his role in dealing with extreme thought of understanding the Sunnah? This study concludes that Musa Shaheen Lashin took his time to serve the Sunnah of the Prophet and his knowledge. His idea of the whole Sunnah is that the tasyrī' is different from the opinion of Sheikh Mahmoud Shaltout, Rashid Rida, and Waliyullah Al-Dahlawi who view the division of Sunnah into tasyrī' and non-tasyrī'. Musa Shaheen wants to understand the Sunnah with the correct understanding without any division. Because, the division is a cause of misunderstanding or differences in viewpoints towards understanding the sunnah. Shaheen offers two important methods for understanding the Prophet's Sunnah properly. First, understanding the hadith through its context and meaning after paying attention to the text. Second, consider the conditions and circumstances, asbab al-wurud, objectives, and variables. Because these things are part of the law and even constitute the basic foundation and conditions. This theory aims to counteract the extreme thoughts that have emerged in several Islamic countries. Hadith experts must also be aware of the importance of historical, social, anthropological and asbab al-wurud contexts, so as not to place the text in a wrong, extreme, or careless form. Shaheen has dedicated his life to the Prophet's Sunnah by promoting moderate Islam as a religion of peace, safety and tolerance.
Lebesgue number and total boundedness
Authors: Gupta Ajit Kumar
Published: October 2024

A generalization of the Lebesgue number lemma is obtained. For a metric space X in the class of strongly metrizable spaces, sufficient conditions for each open cover of X with a Lebesgue number has a finite subcover are obtained. It is proved that, if each countably infinite locally finite open cover of a chainable metric space X has a Lebesgue number, then X is totally bounded. A property for metric spaces which is a generalization of connectedness and Menger convexity is introduced. It is observed that Atsujiness and compactness are equivalent for a metric space with this introduced property as well as for a chainable metric space.
RidA proteins contribute to ﬁtness of S. enterica and E. coli by reducing 2AA stress and moderating ﬂux to isoleucine biosynthesis
Authors: Fulton Ronnie L. , Sawyer Bryce R. , Downs Diana M
Published: October 2024

Deﬁning the physiological role of a gene product relies on interpreting phenotypes caused by the lack, or alteration, of the respective gene product. Mutations in critical genes often lead to easily recognized phenotypes that can include changes in cellular growth, metabolism, structure etc. However, mutations in many important genes may fail to generate an obvious defect unless additional perturbations are caused by medium or genetic background. The latter scenario is exempliﬁed by RidA proteins. In vitro RidA proteins deaminate numerous imine/enamines, including those generated by serine/threonine dehydratase IlvA (EC:4.3.1.19) from serine or threonine – 2-aminoacrylate (2AA) and 2- aminocrotonate (2AC), respectively. Despite this demonstrable biochemical activity, a lack of RidA has little to no effect on growth of E. coli or S. enterica without the application of additional metabolic perturbation. A cellular role of RidA is to prevent accumulation of 2AA which, if allowed to persist, can irreversibly damage pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes, causing global metabolic stress. Because the phenotypes caused by a lack of RidA are dependent on the unique structure of each metabolic network, the link between RidA function and 2AA stress is difﬁcult to demonstrate in some organisms. The current study used coculture experiments to exacerbate differences in growth caused by the lack of RidA in S. enterica and E. coli. Results described here solidify the established role of RidA in removing 2AA, while also presenting evidence for a role of RidA in enhancing ﬂux towards isoleucine biosynthesis in E. coli. Overall, these data emphasize that metabolic networks can generate distinct responses to perturbation, even when the individual components are conserved.