bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of Antenatal Care Handbook: A Cross-Sectional Study of Mother’s Perspective
Authors: Luta Queenita , Mumin Khadizah Haji Abdul , Sharbawi Hjh Roslin Haji , Rahman Hanif Abdul , Hashim Sarena Haji
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Handbook was introduced by the Ministry of Health Brunei Darussalam in 2016 to replace a card-type record. Since its introduction, its usefulness has not been evaluated. The purpose of the study was to determine the usefulness of the MCH Handbook contents in delivering information on antenatal care to Bruneian women. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey to women who came for their routine antenatal checkup at 32-week gestation. Results: 73 mothers returned the self-administered online questionnaires. Participants had time to read the handbook (95.9%), were familiar with content (89.0%), and satisfied with the usage (93.2%). Major reasons for not using the handbook included “same information available online” (20.5%), “some words difficult to understand” (17.8%), “like more pictures than words” (12.3%), and “less encouragement from healthcare workers” (12.3%).Conclusions: Majority of mothers find the handbook useful. However, further study is required to explore mother’s perception on the utilization of the handbook to continue improving the content and ensure relevance of its usage over time.
Establishment and Drug Screening of Patient-Derived Extrahepatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma Organoids
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Guo Yinghao , Jin Yun , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Geng Hao , Xie Guangyuan , Ye Dan , Yu Yuanquan , Liu Daren , Zhou Donger , Li Baizhou , Luo Yan , Peng Shuyou , Li Jiang-Tao
Published: June 2021

Background: Patient-derived organoids (PDO) have been proposed as a novel in vitro method of drug screening for different types of cancer. However, to date, extrahepatic biliary tract carcinoma (eBTC) PDOs have not yet been fully established. Methods: We collected six samples of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and one sample of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA) from seven patients in order to attempt to establish eBTC PDOs for drug screening. Eventually, we successfully established five GBC PDOs and one eCCA PDO. Histological staining was used to compare the structural features of original tissues and cancer PDOs. Then, whole exome sequencing (WES) was used to analysed the genetic profiles of original tissues and cancer PDOs. Drug screening, including gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, paclitaxel, infigratinib, and ivosidenib, was measured and verified by some cases. Results: Different PDOs were found to have different growth rates during in vitro culture. Hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated that the structures of most cancer PDOs are able to retain the original structures of adenocarcinoma. Immunohistological staining and periodic acid-schiff staining were then discovered that marker expression in cancer PDOs were similar to those of the original specimens. Genetic profiles of the four original specimens, as well as paired cancer PDOs, were measured using whole exome sequencing. Three of the four PDOs exhibited a high degree of similarity, compared to the original specimens, except GBC2 PDO, which only had a concordance of 74% in the proportion of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding sequence. In general, gemcitabine was found to be the most efficient drug for treatments of the eBTCs, as it showed moderate or significant inhibitory impact on the growth of cancers. Results from the drug screening can be verified by three clinical cases, to a certain extent. Conclusions: Our study successfully established a series of eBTC PDOs, which helped fill in gaps in the field of eBTC PDOs. Additional measures should be explored to improve the growth rate of PDOs, and to preserve their immune microenvironment.
Histone Methylation Modification Patterns and Relevant M-RiskScore in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Rong Dade , Chen Xiaomin , Liu Daiyuan , Ni Xiangna , Mo Zhuomao , Tong Xiuzhen , Wang Haihe
Published: June 2021

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of heterogeneous disease with varied prognosis, but current classification methods for AML do not play an ideal role in guiding the therapy. Emerging studies shown alteration of histone methylation is closely related to leukemogenesis. This study aimed at identifying the molecular subtypes associated with histone methylation and establishing a relevant score to predict treatment respond and prognosis in AML.Methods: Gene expression data and clinical characteristics of patients with AML were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Molecular subtypes were identified by consensus clustering based on the expression of 24 histone methylation modification regulators (HMMRs). The clinical and biological features of each pattern were investigated by unsupervised clustering, survival, principle component (PCA), somatic mutations, gene set variation (GSVA), tumor mutation burden (TMB) and immune cell infiltration analyses. Different expression analysis and lasso regression analysis was conducted to establish the scoring system that was explored in the role of prognosis by using receivers operating curve (ROC) analysis and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses. Moreover, correlation analysis was performed to investigate the value of scoring system in chemotherapeutic prediction. Finally, an independent GSE dataset was used as a reference to validate the established clustering system.Results: Two distinct histone methylation modification patterns had been identified that exhibit remarkable differences in several clinical and biological characteristics, including HMMRs’ expression, AML-M0 distribution, mutations of NPM1, survival, tumor mutation burden, somatic mutations, pathways activation and immune cell infiltration. Besides, based on the clustering, we established the scoring system, M-RiskScore. Integrated analysis demonstrated that M-RiskScore-low patients displayed a prominent survival advantage and a better respond to decitabine treatment, while the opposite site was reported to M-RiskScore-high patients but they could benefit more from IA regimen therapy.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that detection of HMMRs’ expression is potentially useful to AML therapy decisions, and targeting histone methylation would be a more promising strategy for either AML-M0 or NPM1 mutant patients. M-RiskScore is a hopeful independent poor prognostic biomarker and be able to benefits the treatment decisions in AML.
Estimating the Risk of Malignancy in Adnexal Masses: Validation of the ADNEX Model in the Hands of Non-expert Ultrasonographers in a Gynecological Oncology Center in China
Authors: He Ping , Wang Jingjing , Duan Wei , Song Chao , Yang Yu , Wu Qingqing
Published: June 2021

Background:

The diagnosis of adnexal masses depends more on ultrasonography. This study aim to validate the diagnostic accuracy of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) ADNEX model in the preoperative diagnosis of adnexal masses in the hands of non-expert ultrasonographers in a gynecological oncology center in China.
Methods:

This was a single oncology center, retrospective diagnostic accuracy study from 620 patients. All patients underwent surgery and the histopathological diagnosis was used as reference standard. The masses were divided into five types according to the ADNEX model: benign ovarian tumor, borderline ovarian tumor (BOT), Stage-I ovarian cancer (OC), Stages-II-IV OC and ovarian metastasis. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the ability of the ADNEX model to classify tumors into different histological types with and without Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) results.
Results:

Of the 620 women, 402 (64.8%) had a benign ovarian tumor and, 218 (35.2%) had a malignant ovarian tumor, including 86 (13.9%) with BOT, 75 (12.1%) with Stage-I OC, 53 (8.5%) with Stages-II-IV OC and 4 (0.6%) with ovarian metastasis. The AUC of the model to differentiate between benign and malignant adnexal masses was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.96–0.98). Performance was excellent for the discrimination between benign vs Stage II-IV OC, benign vs ovarian metastasis with AUCs of 0.99 (95% CI, 0.99-1.00) and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.98-1.00), respectively. Performance of the model was less effective at distinguishing between BOT and Stage I OC and between BOT and ovarian metastasis, with AUC of 0.54 (95% CI, 0.45–0.64) and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.56–0.77), respectively. When including CA125 in the model, performance in discriminating between Stages II–IV OC with stage I OC and ovarian metastasis were improved (AUC increased from 0.88 to 0.94, P = 0.01; 0.86 to 0.97, p = 0.01, respectively).
Conclusions:

The IOTA ADNEX model has excellent performance in differentiating benign and malignant adnexal masses in the hands of non-expert ultrasonographers with limited experienced in China. Between classification different subtypes of ovarian cancers, the model has difficulty to differentiate BOT from stage I OC, BOT from ovarian metastases.
Real-world Evidence Data on the Monoclonal Antibody Erenumab in Migraine Prevention: Perspectives of Treating Physicians in Germany
Authors: Straube Andreas , Stude Philipp , Gaul Charly , Schuh Katrin , Koch Mirja Annika
Published: June 2021

Background Erenumab, the first-in-class fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, was shown to be efficacious and safe for the prophylactic treatment of migraine in adults in randomized clinical trials. Large-scale, real-world evidence in multi-centre settings is still needed to confirm these results. Erenumab patient profiles outside clinical trials and physicians’ treatment patterns, as well as data from patients treated in Germany, a severely impacted population, are not published yet. MethodsTELESCOPE was a multi-centre survey gathering real-world data from 45 German headache centres between July 2019 and December 2019. The project consisted of two parts. In the first part, treating physicians shared their experiences on current erenumab treatment with regard to patient profiles, treatment patterns and treatment responses. In the second part, a retrospective chart review was conducted of 542 migraine patients treated with erenumab for at least three months. Treatment responses focused on various aspects of patients’ quality of life. ResultsThe analysis of 542 patients’ charts revealed that three-month treatment with erenumab significantly reduced monthly headaches, migraine and acute medication days. Furthermore, headache intensity and frequency were reduced in over 75 % and accompanying aura in 35 % of patients. The clinical global impression scale revealed a general improvement in 91 % of patients. According to the treating physicians’ professional judgement, 83 % of patients responded to erenumab and 80 % were satisfied with the treatment. Physicians evaluated restricted quality of life, the number of monthly migraine days and previous, prophylactic treatments as the main components of the current patient profile for monoclonal antibody recipients. Based on the assessment of physicians, erenumab reduced migraine symptoms in 65 % and increased quality of life in more than 75 % of their patients. ConclusionsTELESCOPE confirms positive treatment responses with erenumab shown in clinical trials in a real-world multi-centre setting. The results show consistently positive experiences of physicians utilizing erenumab in clinical practice and underline that therapy with this monoclonal antibody is effective in migraine patients, particular in those, who have failed several prophylactic therapies.
Rescue of Two Recombinant Canine Distemper Viruses That Separately Express Dabie Bandavirus Gn and Gc in Vitro
Authors: Liu Fuxiao , Lin Jiahui , Wang Qianqian , Shan Hu
Published: June 2021

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne zoonosis with a high mortality rate in humans. Additionally, dogs are frequently reported to be infected with this disease. There has been no commercially available vaccine for humans and animals as yet. The SFTS is caused by Dabie bandavirus (DBV), formerly known as SFTS virus. The DBV is now classified into the genus Bandavirus in the family Phenuiviridae. DBV Gn and Gc can induce specific immune responses in vivo. In this study, we used reverse genetics to construct two recombinant canine distemper viruses (rCDV), rCDV-Gn and -Gc, which could express Dabie bandavirus Gn and Gc in vitro, respectively. Two foreign sequences, Gn and Gc open reading frames, were genetically stable during twenty serial viral passages in cells. Growth curve of the rCDV-Gc basically coincided with that of a wild-type CDV, but showed a significant difference from that of the rCDV-Gn. The rCDV-Gn and -Gc were derived from a common parental CDV, the virulence-attenuating QN strain. Therefore, if proven to be efficient in resisting both canine distemper and SFTS in dogs, either or both recombinant CDVs would be potential vaccine candidates.
Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Needles of Pinus Sylvestris (Scots Pine) from South West Nigeria
Authors: Oyewole Kehinde A. , Oyedara Omotayo O. , Awojide Shola H. , Olawade Mary O. , Adetunji Charles O.
Published: June 2021

Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) is a coniferous plant that possesses different biological properties such as antiseptic, antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory. This study investigated the chemical constituents and in vitro antibacterial activities of essential oil (EO) of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) against thirteen bacterial species using Gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometry (GC/MS) and standard agar well diffusion assay. The EO exhibited excellent antibacterial activity inhibiting all the bacterial isolates tested with the diameter zone of inhibitions (Zi) ranging from 8–24 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged between 0.025mg/ml and 25.000mg/ml. The highest antibacterial activity was recorded against Micrococcus luteus NCIB 196 and Klebsiella pneumonia NCIB 418 (Zi = 24 mm), while the lowest activity was recorded against Proteus vulgaris (Zi = 8 mm). The GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 30 chemical compounds, of which seven possess antibacterial properties. These include three oxygenated monoterpenes (α-terpineol, borneol, and fenchol), two sesquiterpenes (caryophyllene and δ-cadinene), one saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid) and monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acids). Therefore, the results suggest the potential of P. sylvestris as an antimicrobial agent for incorporation in the treatment of pathogens.
4D Structural Root Architecture Modeling From Digital Twins By X-Ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Herrero Monica , Meline Valerian , Iyer-Pascuzzi Anjali S. , Souza Augusto M. , Tuinstra Mitchell R. , Yang Yang
Published: June 2021

BackgroundBreakthrough imaging technologies are a potential solution to address the plant phenotyping bottleneck regarding marker-assisted breeding and genetic mapping. X-Ray CT (computed tomography) technology is able to acquire the digital twin of root system architecture (RSA) but computational methods to quantify RSA traits and analyze their changes over time are limited. RSA traits extremely affect agricultural productivity. We develop a spatial-temporal root architectural modeling method based on 4D data from X-ray CT. This novel approach is optimized for high-throughput phenotyping considering the cost-effective time to process the data and the accuracy and robustness of the results. Significant root architectural traits, including root elongation rate, number, length, growth angle, height, diameter, branching map, and volume of axial and lateral roots are extracted from the model based on the digital twin. Our pipeline is divided into two major steps: (i) first, we compute the curve-skeleton based on a constrained Laplacian smoothing algorithm. This skeletal structure determines the registration of the roots over time; (ii) subsequently, the RSA is robustly modeled by a cylindrical fitting. The experiment was carried out at the Ag Alumni Seed Phenotyping Facility (AAPF) from Purdue University in West Lafayette (IN, USA). ResultsRoots from three samples of tomato plants at two different times and three samples of corn plants at three different times were scanned. Regarding the first step, the PCA analysis of the skeleton is able to accurately and robustly register temporal roots. From the second step, the volume from the cylindrical model was compared against the root digital twin, reaching a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.84 and a P < 0.001. ConclusionsThe results confirm the feasibility of the proposed methodology, providing scalability to a comprehensive analysis to high throughput root phenotyping.
COVID-19 Potential To Infect 4.44% Indian Population
Authors: Patel Jayendrakumar , Parikh Shalin , Patel Rakesh , Patel Shwetaben , Patel Ronak , Patel Payalben , Patel Ankita
Published: June 2021

Background: Quantitative characterisation of any contagious diseases could help in making effective strategy to prevent further spreading of the disease. Despite the rapid research in prevention of spreading COVID-19, yet there is no quantitatively information about spatiotemporal epidemiology and epidemic intensity of COVID-19. Therefore, we aimed to quantitatively characterize spatiotemporal epidemiology and epidemic intensity of COVID-19 in Indian geography by determine it’s infectability rate, efficacy rate, transmission rate and likelihood of total populations to be infected with COVID-19 in India.Method: Novel statistical model was designed to quantitatively characterize spatiotemporal epidemiology and epidemic intensity of COVID-19. A Retrospective Cohort study was carried out online and offline in Indian geography using a COVID-19 transmission questionnaires sheet that comprises five mandatory questions. The collected offline as well as online data was then entered into a Microsoft excel sheet to obtain primary data and secondary data required for the mathematical model to calculate quantitative data of spatiotemporal epidemiology and epidemic intensity of COVID-19 in India geography.Result and Discussion: Total 539 responses were analysed in the current study out of 557 received responses between April-2021 to May-2021. Average reproductive number of secondary cases was found 0.77. Infectability rate of COIVD-19 patient was found 38.11% while healthy person has 21.08% risk of becoming infected if they expose to the Primary case. J-Index and H-Index were found 55.32% and 4.44%, respectively, indicating that COVID-19 disease outbreaks as severe epidemic disease in India and has potential to infect ~4.44% Indian population.Conclusion: Higher infectability rate (38.11%) of COIVD-19 patient and higher efficacy rate (21.08%) of healthy individual to be infected with COVID-19 outbreak it a severe epidemic in India. COVID-19 potential to infect about 4.44% Indian population, at present, COVID-19 already infected ~2.13% Indian population, which is about 50% of the anticipated population to be infected i.e., 4.44%.
Triglyceride-Glucose Index Mediates the Effect of General and Central Obesity on Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Anxin , Tian Xue , Zuo Yingting , Chen Shuohua , Meng Xia , Chen Pan , Wu Shouling , Wang Yongjun
Published: June 2021

Background: The mechanisms linking obesity to cardiovascular disease (CVD) are still not clearly defined. Individuals who are overweight or obese often develop insulin resistance, mediation of the association between obesity and CVD through the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index (a simple surrogate of insulin resistance) seems plausible and has not been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extend the effect of general and central obesity is mediated by the TyG index.Methods: A total of 94,136 participants without CVD at baseline were recruited from the Kailuan study. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL)×fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Mediation analysis using a newly proposed 2-stage regression method for survival data was to explore the mediating effects of the TyG index on the association between obesity and CVD.Results: During a median follow-up of 13.01 years, we identified 7,327 cases of CVD. Mediation analyses showed that 45.60% of the total association (hazard ratio [HR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.31) between overweight and CVD was mediated through the TyG index (HR [indirect association], 1.10; 95% CI, 1.08-1.11), and the proportion mediated was 38.30% for general obesity. For central obesity, analysis by waist circumference, waist/hip, and waist/height categories yielded an attenuated proportion mediated of 33.76%, 37.10%, and 33.10% for obesity, taken normal weight as reference. Similar results were observed for stroke and myocardial infarction.Conclusions: This study found that the association between obesity and CVD was mediated by the TyG index, suggesting proper control of insulin resistance can be effective to significantly reduce the effects of general and central obesity on CVD.
On The Formulation of Bianchi Identity from Action Principle
Authors: Debnath Shiladittya
Published: June 2021

In this letter, we investigate the basic property of the Hilbert-Einstein action principle and its infinitesimal variation under suitable transformation of the metric tensor. We find that for the variation in action to be invariant, it must be a scalar so as to obey the principle of general covariance. From this invariant action principle, we eventually derive the Bianchi identity (where, both the 1st and 2nd forms are been dissolved) by using the Lie derivative and Palatini identity. Finally, from our derived Bianchi identity, splitting it into its components and performing cyclic summation over all the indices, we eventually can derive the covariant derivative of the Riemann curvature tensor. This very formulation was first introduced by S Weinberg in case of a collision less plasma and gravitating system. We derive the Bianchi identity from the action principle via this approach; and hence the name ‘Weinberg formulation of Bianchi identity’.
Impact of Inflammation on Atrial Fibrillation in patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Jani Ylber , Haxhirexha Kastriot , Baftiu Nehat , Pocesta Bekim , Rexhepi Atila , Xhunga Sotiraq , Serani Artur , Ferati Fatmir , Lala Dali , Zeqiri Agim , Kamberi Ahmet
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Inflammation have been involved in the pathogenesis of both metabolic syndrome(MS) and atrial fibrillation(AF). The magnitude of elevations in plasma C-reactive protein(CRP) a marker of inflammation, is probably related to atrial structural remodeling and impaired atrial function.In patient with MS,limited data exist regarding impact of plasma levels of inflammatory markers,such as C-reactive protein on the: type of AF and atrial structural and functional remodeling. OBJECTIVE: We set to analyze the impact of degree of systemic inflammation (assessed acrording to CRP levels),on the type of AF,atrial functional and structural remodeling in patients with MS.METHODS: We conducted an multicenter observational cross-sectional study. Recruited were 425 consecutive participants,with MS and AF(paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF),who attended outpatient visits at 7 general cardiology Health Care Clinics, during 1 calendar year,stratified according CRP-levels:(211 participans with level of CRP ≥3mg/l, and 214, with level of CRP <3mg/l). RESULTS: Permanent type of AF, was more common in participans with CRP-levels ≥3mg/l(54.6% vs.20.5%,p= 0.000),whereas parhoxysmal AF, was more common in participans with CRP-levels of <3 mg/l (9.9% vs.52.3%,p=0.000).Patients who had CRP levels above the cut-off of 3 mg/l,had increased dimension of left atrium{(LA),(4.2±0.3 vs. 3.7±0.2,p=0.000)},higher prevalence of enlargement of LA {defined as left atrial volum index(LAVI) ≥29ml/m2(84.1% vs.48.5%,p=0.002)} and inverse relationship of LA function(defined as left atrial emptying fraction(LAEF <45%, (30.8±3.4 vs.41.9±2.6, p=0.00). There was observed significant association of CRP levels above the cut-off of 3 mg/l and: frequence of persistent AF(OR=8.824,95% CI 1.689-46.100), permanent AF(OR=13.955, 95%CI 2.676 -72.780),increased LA dimension (OR=3.817,95% CI 0.989 -1.544), and decreased LA function.{(expressed by: LAVI >29ml/m2OR=4.014, 95% CI 2.620-6.152),LAEF <45%(OR=3.323,95%CI 2.062 -5.351) and LAVI>29 + LAEF-reduced (OR=3.354,95% CI 1.693 - 6.646)}.CONCLUSIONS: In patients with Metabolic Syndrome,degree of systemic inflammation have significant impact on clinical presentation of Atrial Fibrillation,atrial functional and structural remodeling .
A Survey of Knowledge, Perceptions and Use of Core Outcome Sets among Clinical Trialists
Authors: Bellucci Chiara , Hughes Karen , Toomey Elaine , Williamson Paula R , Matvienko-Sikar Karen
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Core outcome sets (COS) are standardised sets of outcomes, which represent the minimum outcomes that should be measured and reported in clinical trials. COS can enhance comparability across health trials by reducing heterogeneity of outcome measurement and reporting, and potentially minimising selective outcome reporting. Examining what researchers involved in trials know and think about COS is essential to increase awareness and promote COS uptake. The aim of this study is therefore to examine clinical clinical trialists’ knowledge, perceptions and experiences of COS. Methods: An online survey design was used. Participants were clinical trialists, operationalised for the current study as researchers named as the contact person on a trial registered on the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) Trial repository between 01/01/2019 and 21/07/2020. Survey items assessed clinical trialists’ familiarity with, and understanding of COS, along with experiences of COS use and development. Results: Of 1913 clinical trialists contacted to participate, 62 (3%) completed the survey. 65% of participants were familiar with COS and, of those familiar with COS, 55% had been involved in a trial that used a COS. Of clinical trialists who used COS in a trial(s), less than half (41%) reported that all COS outcomes were used. The main barriers to using COS are poor knowledge about COS (69%) and difficulties identifying relevant COS (68%). Clinical trialists also reported perceptions of COS as restrictive and often containing too many outcomes. The main enablers to using COS are clear understanding (82%) and perceived importance of COS (71%). Conclusion: Education and training can further promote awareness and understanding of COS. Enhancing clinical trialists’ use of all COS outcomes is needed to reduce outcome heterogeneity and enhance comparability across trial findings. Enhancing awareness of COS importance among researchers and funders is needed to ensure that COS are developed and used by clinical trialists.
WITHDRAWN: Decreases of regional cerebral oxygen saturation reading during hip arthroplasty associated with postoperative delirium in older adults
Authors: Zhou Guo-Jun , Yu Shao-Hua , Wang Zhu-Li , He Rong-Xin
Published: June 2021

Background Postoperative delirium (POD) is a sign of deterioration in the homeostasis and physical status of the patient. However, there have been no reports regarding the relationship between the decrease of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSctO2) reading during surgery and the POD in hip replacement in the elder. This study aims to investigate this correlation and the incidence of POD.Methods We performed a retrospective study of 4834 patients who underwent hip arthroplasties between 2015 and 2019 at our hospital. Data were collected as part of routine patient care. The patients’ cognitive performance was evaluated by using the Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR 4th edition) criteria. Patients found to be delirious after surgery served as the delirium group, other patients who did not develop delirium after surgery regarded as the no-delirium group. The various factors including the decline of rSctO2 reading intraoperatively were assessed using Multivariable logistic regression models. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported.Results POD was found in 27 patients (n=351); the incidence of POD was 7.7%; all of them were in their 70’s or 80’s. Lab data and rSctO2 reading before surgery were no significantly difference between the delirium group and the no-delirium group. Patients who displayed the decline of rSctO2 reading intraoperatively were at higher risk for POD (compared with no-delirium patients: OR2.169 CI 1.663-2.829 p=0.000) and gender (compared with no-delirium patients: OR 0.163 CI 0.029-0.909 p=0.039) was at a higher risk. Twenty-four patients recovered from POD gradually. One patient had persistent and severe cognitive dysfunction after surgery, two patients died of complications either acute pulmonary embolism 4 days after surgery or acute stroke 21 days after surgery respectively.Conclusions The incidence of POD was 7.7%. This study shows that the decline of rSctO2 reading during hip replacement surgery in the elder is associated with increased probability for the POD.
Impact of biomass burnings in South East Asia on air quality and pollutants transport during the end of the 2019 dry season
Authors: Duc Hiep Nguyen , Bang Ho Quoc , Quan Nguyen Hong , Quang Ngo Xuan
Published: June 2021

At the end of the dry season, March and April in South East Asia (SEA), agricultural refuse burnings occur over the region, mainly in the countries of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam, in preparation for the wet rice plantation. In this study, the impact of biomass burnings at the height of the burning period in March 2019 in mainland SEA on air quality and pollutant transport is modelled using the Weather Research Forecast WRF-Chem air quality model with emission input from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Fire Emission Inventory from NCAR (FINN). FINN is derived from satellite remote sensing data and species emission factors. A simulation of the dispersion of pollutants from biomass burnings from 13 to 19 March 2019, when the burnings was most intense, was performed. Validation of the model prediction using observed meteorological and pollutants data such as AOD measurements on ground from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) and data from MODIS and CALIPSO satellites are carried out at various sites in the region. The results show that impact on air quality was most pronounced in Thailand and Laos but the effect of biomass burnings in mainland SEA at the end of the dry season is widespread in terms of pollutant dispersion and population exposure over the whole region and beyond. It is also shown that the transport of pollutants from biomass burnings in SEA to southern China, Taiwan and beyond is facilitated by the Truong Son mountain range, when under westerly wind, acting as a launching pad to uplift the pollutant plumes to higher altitude which then can be dispersed widely and transported farther from the biomass burning sources in Thailand and Laos.
Methods of Airway securing in patients treated for temporonandibular joint ankylosis
Authors: Garoma Gelana , Prakash Ajay
Published: June 2021

Background: - Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex structure composed of several components including glenoid fossa of the temporal bone, the condylar head of the mandible, articular disk, as well as several ligaments and associated muscles. Its ankylosis causes distressing conditions including, both functional and aesthetic problems. An anesthetic management is challenging and surgery of TMJ ankylosis falls into the category of difficult airway as direct vocal cord visualization is difficult due to an inability to open the mouth. Fiberoptic intubation is considered as a safest approach and gold standard in TMJ ankylosis surgery as means of airway securing.Objectives: - The aim of this study was to assess method of airway securing in patients treated for temporomandibular joint ankylosis at Addis Ababa University Oral and Maxillofacial surgery affiliate Hospitals. Materials and Methods: - A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted in 22 patients (n=14 male and n=11 female) with mean age of 21.7(ranged 6-50) diagnosed with temporomandibular joint ankylosis at Addis Ababa University, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery affiliate Hospitals both Yekatit 12 Hospital medical college and St. Peter specialized Hospital. Data was collected from patients’ medical records registered in a period of 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019. EPI- INFO 7 computer software was used for data analysis. Results: - The highest incidence of ankylosis was reported between the age of 11 and 20 (40.91%). Unilateral ankylosis was reported in (59.09%) and (68.18%) was bony ankylosis based on tissue involved. In majority 17 (77%) of patients tracheostomy was used as intubation technique and securing the airway and fibroptic technique is used only in 2(9%) patients. Conclusion: - The findings of this study tracheostomy was the most commonly used intubation technique, due unavailability of fibroptic and skilled professional in practice of other intubation techniques. Institutional capacity building of facilities, increasing service availability and experts for practice of fiberoptic and bland nasal intubation technique is recommended.
Role perceptions among teachers of students with visual impairments in inclusive settings: implications for teacher training
Authors: Gewinn Wiebke , Miyauchi Hisae , Degenhardt Sven
Published: June 2021

Die Rollen sonderpädagogischer Lehrkräfte verändern sich im Zuge inklusiver Schulentwicklung. In einer subsidiären Sonderpädagogik gewinnen fachspezifische Beratung und Unterstützung unterschiedlicher Adressatengruppen an Bedeutung. Die klassische Lehrtätigkeit tritt für die Berufsgruppe in den Hintergrund, was die aktuelle Lehrer:innenbildung noch nicht widerspiegelt.
Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte das Rollenverständnis von Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagog:innen, die im inklusiven Bildungssetting arbeiten.
Da Inklusion eine internationale Zielkategorie darstellt, wurde diese Untersuchung in drei Ländern mit ähnlichen wirtschaftlichen Voraussetzungen aber unterschiedlichen historischen und kulturellen Verankerungen der inklusiven Schulentwicklung durchgeführt. Daten aus den USA, Japan und Deutschland weisen jedoch einheitlich darauf hin, dass die Aufgabenprofile von Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagog:innen in der Inklusion deutlich von der klassischen Lehrer:innenrolle abweichen. Es wird klar, dass sich insbesondere die Ausbildung von Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagog:innen intensiver auf die Anforderungen von Beratungs- und Unterstützungstätigkeiten in inklusiven Bildungssettings ausrichten muss.
 
Abstract
Obligatory inclusive education is leading to changes in the roles of special education teachers. Specialised counselling and support for different target groups have gained in significance in subsidiary special education. Classic teaching is becoming less important for special education teachers – a phenomenon that current teacher qualification programmes do not yet reflect.
This study examined the perception of the role of teachers of students with visual impairments (TVI) who work in inclusive education.
Since inclusion is an international target, this study was conducted in three countries with similar economic standards but different historical and cultural roots of inclusive school development. However, data from the USA, Japan and Germany all indicates that the task profiles of TVIs working in inclusive education differ significantly from the classic teacher role as a Teacher of knowledge. It is clear that particularly the education of TVIs must be adjusted further to the requirements of consulting and support tasks in inclusive settings.
Cooperação entre a universidade pública e a gestão municipal no combate a COVID-19: experiências do serviço de teleatendimento em Viçosa, Minas Gerais
Authors: FREITAS Brunnella Alcantara Chagas de , PRADO Mara Rúbia Maciel Cardoso do , FIALHO Wilmara Lopes , ALMEIDA Sophia Leonel , SILVA Thuany Caroline Souza e , ABIJAUDE Wesley
Published: June 2021

Diante do cenário da COVID-19, representantes da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Prefeitura Municipal de Viçosa-MG, e outros serviços de saúde do município implementaram o serviço “Telessaúde Covid”. O objetivo é oferecer atendimento e monitoramento por telefone a pacientes residentes em Viçosa-MG. Até 31 de dezembro de 2020, dos 21.286 casos notificados no município, 85,5% foram testados. Após oito meses de funcionamento, o Telessaúde realizou 3.426 novos atendimentos e 2.407 notificações, perfazendo 11,3% do total de notificações do município, e um total de 17.071 atendimentos. O serviço realizado pelo Telessaúde COVID vem contribuindo nesse cenário epidêmico, destacando-se como grande facilitador aos pacientes nesse cenário atual, fazendo com que o paciente se sinta seguro, acolhido e cuidado pelo nosso serviço. Diante da vivência atual, esse serviço permanecerá como facilitador e integrador das ações em saúde como principal missão de colaborar no controle e combate a essa epidemia.

Palavras-chave: Coronavírus. Telemedicina. Saúde.
Indonesian EAP Students’ Vocabulary Level and Size: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Siregar Fenty Lidya
Published: June 2021

The research aimed to know to what extent Indonesian English for Academic Purposes (EAP) students master high and midfrequency words (4.000-5.000). Besides, it aimed to know the vocabulary size of Indonesian EAP students. To fill the gap, the research examined 128 Indonesian EAP students from two private universities in Indonesia. To gather its data, the research employed the Vocabulary Level Test of Webb, Sasao, & Ballance, and the Vocabulary Size Test of Nation and Beglar. The research findings indicate that the participants have not yet mastered the high-frequency words and the mid frequency words from 4.000-5.000 word-families. The finding also reveals that the mean scores of the students’ vocabulary range between 6.000 and 10.000. It implies that the previous learning of the participants has not yet facilitated them to learn important vocabulary from 1.000 to 5.000 word-families. Thus, although they have a big vocabulary size, they might face problems when trying to understand some texts. The research findings are expected to increase English teachers’ awareness in general and EAP teachers’ awareness specifically of the importance of facilitating their students to learn high-frequency words.
Animals as Symbols of Human Positive and Negative Traits on Javanese Expressions
Authors: Setiawan Prasetyoningsih Tri Wahyu , Purwaningsih Dyah Raina , Yulianita Nadia Gitya
Published: June 2021

The research aimed to analyze the metaphor of animals’ names in Javanese expressions as representing power and authority in its positive and negative sides. The ancient land of Java was ruled by kings. This situation indicated that ancient Javanese were closely related to kingdoms and regulations that were strict rules of politeness rules or authoritarian. It created a situation where direct criticisms, suggestions, and warnings were conveyed to those who had  power, which might cause the problem to the conveyor. Thus, people preferred to express their opinion in the  metaphorical form to preserve the Javanese manners. Since Javanese people also lived as farmers and hunters, they could identify the nature of various animals’ characters. They began to compare some animals’ nature characters to describe  human characters or behaviors in the forms of metaphor known as Javanese expressions. The methods applied were a  descriptive qualitative by choosing the data that contained animal names, classifying them, analyzing the meanings of the  expressions, and providing results of the analysis. These metaphorical forms are hitherto known as proverbs and are  make used them as philosophy of life. They also used proverbs. The data were taken from “Seri Kajian Sastra Klasik 100  Paribasan Jawa Simpul-Simpul Kearifan Lokal Budaya Jawa” by Bambang Husen Al Marie in 2018. There are 26  expressions using animal names found in this dictionary. Macan, gajah, and asu are the three animals that are mostly  used as a metaphor to describe human characters within a sovereignty. Heuristic and hermeneutic approaches are  applied to analyze the data and to find out the real meaning of the classified data.
Functional orthopedic appliance for vertical dimension increase and mandibular deprogramming ORLANDO SANTIAGO SYSTEM 1 – OSS1. Indications and laboratorial manufacturing
Authors: Santiago Júnior Orlando , Vedovello Filho Mario , Lucas Ferreira Marcus Vinicius , Huebner Rudolf
Published: June 2021

Jaw Functional Orthopedics has efficient tools for treatment of deep bite, but, once they are bioplastic functional appliances, they have a considerable amount of acrylic resulting in volume that interferes with the individual phonetics. Planas had already described a Equiplan attached to a pipe to facilitate the use by the patient. Based on those ideas and in a attempt to improve use conditions of the functional orthopedic appliance, this paper presents the step by step of the manufacturing of an appliance with an Equiplan, used as background activity, or a main appliance, able to increase vertical dimension; used as contention in deep bite treatment; and in individuals with significant occlusal plane alterations, used as a mandibular deprogrammer. The appliance, when properly prescript, has a clinical conduction more efficient than occlusal splints because it does not require adjustment in every session. Its construction do not require articulated casts and can be done in less time in the laboratory.
Distribution of heat transfer coefficient in the vertical tube of falling film evaporator treating saline wastewater based on micro flow and experimental verification
Authors: Bing Liu , Youle Liu , Chuan Chen , Jianliang Xue , Huashan Li , Zhun Ma
Published: June 2021

It is still one of the significant solutions to treat saline wastewater with thermal desalination technology, especially falling film evaporators. To improve the performance of the falling film evaporator, a numerical study on the gas–liquid two-phase flow characteristics of saline wastewater in the vertical pipe was conducted using the VOF model. The results showed that the inlet velocity of the saline wastewater increased under the same operating conditions, resulting in the thickening of the liquid film and the increase of the average convective heat transfer coefficient. Increasing the inlet temperature of the working liquid reduced the temperature difference, which led to a decrease of the average convective heat transfer coefficient. In addition, as the inlet concentration of the working liquid increased, the film flow rate and the average convective heat transfer coefficient first decreased and then increased slightly. The experimental results verified the accuracy of the numerical simulation, and the average error was 9.27%.
Efeitos da desoneração do IPI na capacidade econômica e formação de receitas da União
Authors: Mendes Wesley de Almeida , Lima João Eustáquio de , Ferreira Marco Aurelio Marques , Mendes Wanderson de Almeida
Published: June 2021

O estudo visa verificar se a política de desoneração do IPI interferiu na composição das receitas da União e seu reflexo na capacidade econômica do Brasil. Assim, com uso do modelo VEC, as possíveis influências ocorridas nas receitas de arrecadação total, nas receitas de arrecadação do IPI e no PIB a partir da implementação da política de desoneração do IPI. Os resultados destacaram que a política não realizou interferência na arrecadação, mas no curto prazo reduziu a arrecadação total. Além disso, não foram identificados efeitos sobre o PIB, mas pode ser justificado pela manutenção do PIB, uma vez que havia um cenário internacional de crise. Por fim, nota-se que a política tem efeitos diversos sobre a saúde fiscal brasileira, o que indica que tal política deve ser aplicada de forma estratégica e com ressalvas, de modo que os ganhos gerados sejam maiores que as perdas que surgirem.
Racionalidade substantiva e o êxito da Logística
Authors: Massi Maria Lúcia Gili , Delfiol Araujo Gabriel Matheus
Published: June 2021

Quando a logística passou a fazer parte da cadeia de suprimentos, agregando valor aos processos de acordo com a concepção dos clientes, vistos como funcionários de tempo parcial, passou a ser determinante que as organizações repensassem todo o processo logístico, num enfoque menos operacional e mais estratégico. Enquanto era vista como atividade da retaguarda, afastada do cliente, a razão instrumental era suficiente para operacionalizar os processos. Contudo, quando a logística precisa se humanizar para prestar um serviço de qualidade, com cordialidade e presteza, e que satisfaça ao cliente, a razão substantiva é requerida. Diante desse contexto, este estudo, baseado em pesquisas bibliográficas e de campo, tem o objetivo de verificar se a gestão da área de logística norteada pelos elementos da racionalidade substantiva, por meio de práticas que promovam a realização do potencial, a autonomia e a ética no trabalho, pode promover a elevação da autoestima dos empregados, incentivando-os a serem mais eficazes em seus desempenhos. Os resultados mostram que a racionalidade substantiva pode promover a elevação da autoestima dos respondentes, incentivando-os a serem mais eficazes em seus desempenhos.
Life Plus Mini Capsule S®, Novel Intubating Box – A Pilot Study
Authors: Tufegdzic Boris , Lamperti Massimo , Woodsford Kyne
Published: June 2021

To protect clinicians without access to recommended personal protective equipment during aerosol-generating procedures such as endotracheal intubation, various products have been introduced to clinical practice. The authors would like to present a pilot study with a novel intubating box, the LIFE PLUS MINI CAPSULE S®, which has improved systems to prevent the egress of particles from the box as well as a built-in HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) aspiration filter.

Nineteen anesthesiologists simulated endotracheal intubation on a mannequin in test conditions with and without using the LIFE PLUS MINI CAPSULE S®. All anesthesiologists successfully intubated the mannequin at first attempt, and there were no failed intubations. The median (range) intubation time was 9.1 (2.0–25.0) seconds longer when the LIFE PLUS MINI CAPSULE S® was used, and there were no breaches of personal protective equipment. The leakage of airborne particles was analyzed using a Qualitative and a Quantitative Fit Test.

Although our pilot study shows promising results, further research is required to validate our results
in vivo and in a larger sample size which will provide us with a better insight into the efficacy and applicability of this safety tool in emergency and elective clinical conditions.