bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parameter Analysis on Backprojection for Super-Resolution (SR) Reconstruction Algorithm
Authors: Ng S M , Yazid H , Mustafa N , Mashor MY
Published: November 2021

In this paper, an image SR reconstruction scheme by using k-Singular Value Decomposition (k-SVD) with Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) as sparse coding method was proposed to obtain the High-Resolution (HR) image. The system conducted in this paper consists of two parts: image SR reconstruction algorithm and also the backprojection process. Since this paper is focused on analysing the effect of parameters in backprojection on the performance of final images produced at the end of the process, therefore, the flow of backprojection is discussed. Generally, the backprojection algorithm is added to the approach to improve the image quality by sharpening the edges of the HR image. However, the parameters used in backprojection could be the factor that caused decrease in the image quality. Thus, the main idea of this paper is to analyse these parameters throughout the flow of backprojection algorithm. The parameters include the predefined 2D filter and interpolation method. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the use of averaging filter (hsize = 3), Gaussian filter (hsize = 5, 7 and 9; σ = 1) and bicubic interpolation method or also known as the cubic kernel can be adopted to the backprojection algorithm since these parameters achieved the highest RMSE, PSNR and SSIM values of 13.87, 25.29dB and 0.83 respectively. The analyses done in this paper has brought a clear understanding on the backprojection algorithm and further implementation and analysis in backprojection such as by using cascaded filters for averaging and Gaussian filters can be considered in the future.
Simulation of Single Channel Magnetic Induction Tomography for Meningitis Detection By Using COMSOL Multiphysics
Authors: Ahmed Aiman Abdulrahman , Zakaria Zulkarnay , Ali Marwah Hamood , Noor Anas Mohd , Abdul Halim Siti Fatimah Binti , Norali Ahmad Nasrul , Pusppanathan Jaysuman , Rahim Abdul Ruzairi
Published: November 2021

Meningitis is a inflammation of the meninges and the most common central nervous system (CNS) due to bacterial infection. Numbers of children who have bacterial meningitis are still high in recent 15 years regardless of the availability of newer antibiotics and preventive strategies. This research focuses on simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics on the design and development of magnetic induction tomography (MIT) system that emphasizes on a single channel rotatable of brain tissue imaging. The purpose of this simulation is to test the capability of the developed MIT system in detecting the change in conductivity and to identify the suitable transmitter-receiver pair and the optimum frequency based on phase shift measurement technique for detecting the conductivity property distribution of brain tissues. The obtained result verified that the performance of the square coil with 12 number of turns (5Tx-12Rx) with 10MHz frequency has been identified as the suitable transmitter-receiver pair and the optimum frequency for detecting the conductivity property distribution of brain tissues.
A Review on Edge Detection on Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) Image using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Ahmad Zaki Muhammad Zainul Arif , Mat Som Mohd Hanafi , Yazid Haniza , Basaruddin Khairul Salleh , Basah Shafriza Nisha , Megat Ali Megat Syahirul Amin
Published: November 2021

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a bone disorder that causes bone to be brittle and easy to fracture. The patient suffered from this disease will have poor quality of life. Simulation on the bone fracture risk would help medical doctors to make decision in their diagnosis. Detection of edges from the OI images is very important as it helps radiologist to segmentize cortical and cancellous bone to make a good 3D bone model for analysis. The purpose of this paper is to review the fundamentals of fuzzy logic in edge detection of OI bone as it is yet to be implemented. Several fuzzy logic concepts are reviewed by previous studies which include fuzziness, membership functions and fuzzy sets regarding digital images. The OI images were produced by modalities such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ultrasound, or Computed Tomography (CT). In summary, researchers from the reviewed papers concluded that fuzzy logic can be implemented to detect edges in noisy clinical images.
Performance Analysis Between Feature Extraction and Fusion in Familiar and Unfamiliar Typing Biometric Authentication
Authors: Amalina I , Saidatul A , Fook C Y , Navea R F
Published: November 2021

The brain signals recorded by EEG devices are largely developed in for biometric authentication purposes. Those signals are very informative and reliable to be classified using signal processing. In this paper, the feature extraction and feature fusion are further studied to observe their performance towards the typing tasks. The signals are pre-processed to eliminate the unwanted noise present in the signals. The feature extraction method such as Welch’s method, Burg’s method and Yule Walk’s method are applied to extract the mean, median, standard deviation and variance in the data. Nonlinear feature such as fuzzy entropy is also been extracted. The extracted features are further classified by using k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN), Random Forest (RF) and Ensemble Bagged Tree (EBT). The performance of feature extraction and feature fusion through concatenation are recorded and compared. For comparison, the feature fusion shows a better performance accuracy rather than feature extraction. The highest percentage accuracy was produced by Burg’s method for frontal-parietal lobes feature fusion which is 95.94% using Ensemble Bagged Tree (EBT).
Astrocytoma Brain Tumor Automated Classification Procedure Based on Ki67 Expression
Authors: Mohd Hisam N S , Mashor M Y , Akmal F , Jaafar H
Published: November 2021

It is known to be a very challenging task for pathologists to perform astrocytoma biopsy analysis especially with the high demand for an accurate and precise analysis. An inaccurate diagnosis might affect the treatment decisions for the patient. Therefore, this study aims to develop an automated procedure for classification astrocytoma brain tumor. The procedure consists of four stages, namely image pre-processing, image segmentation, feature extraction and selection, and classification of Ki67 expression. Initially, the image’s quality was enhanced by using global stretching and unsharp masking filter. Then, the adaptive color thresholding technique was used to segment the Ki67 expression. The process was followed by extracting the features related to the positive and negative Ki67 cells. ReliefF feature selection algorithm was used to select the best features in defining the positive and negative cells. In the classification stage, two classifiers, namely Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) were used to differentiate between the positive and negative cells. From 81 samples images, both classifiers yielded promising results, with an accuracy of 98.5% for SVM and 99.6% for MLP respectively.
Comparison of Algebraic Reconstruction Technique Methods and Generative Adversarial Network in Image Reconstruction of Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT)
Authors: Lubis A J , Mohd Nasir N F , Zakaria Z , Jusoh M , Azizan M M , Zakaria M Z , Kazim M N F M , Rahman S
Published: November 2021

Magnetic induction tomography (MIT) is a technique used for imaging electromagnetic properties of objects using eddy current effects. The non-linear characteristics had led to more difficulties with its solution especially in dealing with low conductivity imaging materials such as biological tissues. Two methods that could be applied for MIT image processing which is the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and the Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART). ART is widely used in the industry due to its ability to improve the quality of the reconstructed image at a high scanning speed. GAN is an intelligent method which would be able to carry out the training process. In the GAN method, the MIT principle is used to find the optimum global conductivity distribution and it is described as a training process and later, reconstructed by a generator. The output is an approximate reconstruction of the distribution’s internal conductivity image. Then, the results were compared with the previous traditional algorithm, namely the regularization algorithm of BPNN and Tikhonov Regularization method. It turned out that GAN had able to adjust the non-linear relationship between input and output. GAN was also able to solve non-linear problems that cannot be solved in the previous traditional algorithms, namely Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Tikhonov Regularization method. There are several other intelligent algorithms such as CNN (Convolution Neural Network) and K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbor), but such algorithms have not been able to produce the expected image quality. Thus, further study is still needed for the improvement of the image quality. The expected result in this study is the comparison of these two techniques, namely ART and GAN to get the best results on the image reconstruction using MIT. Thus, it is shown that GAN is a better candidate for this purpose.
Investigation of Channel Reduction Based on Brain Lobes in EEG-based Authentication System
Authors: Rosli F A , Saidatul A , Markom M A , Mohamaddan S
Published: November 2021

Biometric authentication is recently used for verification someone’s identity according to their physiological and behavioural characteristics. The most popular biometric techniques are fingerprints, facial and voices recognition. However, these techniques have the disadvantage in which they can easily be imitated and mimicked by hackers to access a device or a system. Therefore, this study proposed electroencephalogram (EEG) as a biometric technique to encounter this problem. The wavelet packet decomposition is explored in this study for the feature extraction method. The wavelet packet decomposition feature is represented, root mean squared (RMS) wavelet features to extract a piece of meaningful information from the original EEG signal. These features were applied to classify between 15 subjects by using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The channel reduction was conducted to investigate the brain lobe effectiveness during the paradigms of familiar and unfamiliar EEG signals which the channel reduction is based on the brain lobes (temporal, occipital, parietal, and frontal). As a result, the above 14 channels obtained the best performance of the system which is 97.44% of correct recognition rate (CRR). The analysis of the paradigms among familiar only, unfamiliar only, and both familiar and unfamiliar was conducted to evaluate the contribution of the paradigms. The results show that 14 channels obtained the best familiar paradigms while the other contributed by unfamiliar. The result is promising because the CRR computed above 90%, however further analysis of channel reduction has to be work to obtain specific channel to develop the small number of channel for comfort and convenience biometric sensor which is suitable for future authentication.
Modelling of Retinal Images for Analysis of Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Levels
Authors: Qaid M , Basah S N , Yazid H , Safar M J A , Mat Som M H , Lim C C
Published: November 2021

Synthetic data by various algorithms that resemble actual data in terms of statistical features. Computer-aided medical applications have been extensively applied to model specific scenarios, such as medical imaging of retinal images for diabetic retinopathy (DR) detection. The available data and annotated medical data are typically rare and costly due to the difficulties of conducting medical screening and rely on highly trained doctors to review and diagnose. The modelling of retinal images for DR analysis is essential since it will provide a model to guide and test DR detection algorithms. This paper aims to model normal retina and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) stages (mild, moderate, and severe) data models with the variation of dynamic models. The Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction (DRIVE), The Standard Diabetic Retinopathy Database, Calibration Level 1 (DIARETDB1), and E-OPHTHA datasets are analyzed to obtain the specification of the human retina and DR lesions. In the data modelling phases, the model includes the bright and dark retinal lesions with the variation of dynamic parameters. 4100 synthetic images are used where 200 normal images and 3900 NPDR images to test the performance of DR detection algorithms over the full range of parameters.
SAR Performance of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna for Breast Cancer Hyperthermia Treatment with Different Period of Treatment Procedure
Authors: Hassan M M , Lias K , Buniyamin N , Naimullah B S S , Jobli A T
Published: November 2021

Cancer treatment using hyperthermia techniques recently become the interest among researchers in investigating and improving certain deficiencies of the treatment since this treatment has the potential to denaturate cancer into necrotic tissue. Hyperthermia uses high heat from 41°C to 45°C at a certain period of time. It is difficult to control the focus position distance of heat distribution on the treated tissue. Therefore, this paper presents the rectangular microstrip as hyperthermia applicator, which deliver the heat on the targeted treated breast cancer tissue with different period of time in order to obtain sufficient heat or SAR distribution. Sim4LifeLight software simulator is used to design, simulate and generate the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution on the treated tissue. Three frequencies of 434MHz, 915MHz and 2450MHz are used to be compared. Based on the results, 2450MHz shows better performance than the other two frequencies. However, there is a certain limitation, such as skin burn and unwanted hotspots, that need to be further improved. The cancer is sufficiently heating at different operating frequencies at different periods of procedures.
The Response of EEG Signal on Brain Relaxation Meditation Using Different Type of Zikr
Authors: Abd Razak N N , Sidek K A , Alaa K Y D , Mohd Nasir N F
Published: November 2021

Depression and stress are increasingly prevalent in today’s society, owing to people’s hectic, competitive, and demanding lifestyles. These illnesses had become very common, particularly among young and middle-aged people, and suicidal ideation had been identified as one of the leading causes of death by the World Health Organization (WHO). Nature sound (sound of downpours or beach) has been linked to depression and anxiety in neurology research, and it has been shown to be an alternative to alleviate anxiety. The electroencephalogram (EEG) waveform has been discovered to possess the potential in identifying information from the brain signal as well as data from the past via Bluetooth communication. The waveform use in the study are the result of a few experiments. In this study, EEG data were collected from eight subjects, four males and four females, in between the age of 20 to 30 years old and in good health, using the BrainLink device. The participants were asked to listen to two playlists of zikr, Allah, Ya Allah, and SubhanAllah, during the experiments. To smooth the signal, the Butterworth filter was used. Later, the extracted features were Alpha, Beta, and Delta waves, which were segmented based on the filtered signal. To complete the decision-making stage, the average value of amplitude differences and the p-value test were performed in the final phase. Based on the results of the experiments, it is clear that zikr is dominant in Delta wave. In terms of data hypothesis analysis, the results of both experiment were differentiated to determine which brain signal was dominant, and p-value testing was performed. Furthermore, this research is an alternative to current methods because it suggest that zikr has the tendency to alter a person’s brain state to be either in a relaxed or calm mode regardless of the type of zikr recitation. As an outcome, the study recommends the relationship of the reaction of EEG signal on brain relaxation with different types of zikr in order to facilitate stress and anxiety patients to achieve relax or calm condition.
Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) Electrode Size Simulation Study for Cultured Cell
Authors: Zulkiflli N A , Shahrulnizahani M D , Hor X F , Phang F A , Rahmat M F , Khang A W Y , Zakaria Z , Mohamed R , Leow P L , Pusppanathan J
Published: November 2021

Cell sensing and monitoring using capacitive sensors are widely used in cell monitoring because of the flexible and uncomplicated design and fabrication. Previous work from many different fields of applications has integrated capacitive sensing technique with tomography to produce cross-sectional images of the internal dielectric distribution. This paper carried an investigation on the capabilities of four 16-channel sensor electrodes with different electrode sizes to detect the change in the dielectric distribution of the cultured cells. All three 16-channel sensor electrodes are designed and simulate on COMSOL 6.3a Multiphysics. The pre-processing results obtained from three finite element models (FEM) of ECT sensor configurations in detecting the cell phantom shows that bigger electrodes size are more sensitive to permittivity distribution.
A Micro-flow Phantom for Superficial Micro-vasculature Imaging
Authors: Bhatti A , Ishii T , Saijo Y
Published: November 2021

Visualization of cutaneous micro-vasculatures is a powerful approach assisting in the diagnosis of skin vascular disorders. These minute structures can be visualized by high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) using ultrafast Doppler imaging. Ultrasound flow phantoms have been used as assessment tools to evaluate the performance of the ultrasound imaging system, however, to optimize the imaging system for visualization of micro-structures, flow phantom with micro-channels is required which are usually difficult to fabricate. Here, we design a simple approach for micro-flow phantom which is easy to fabricate and cast for detection of micro-circulation in superficial micro-structures. The proposed approach features (i) the micro-channels of 200-micron at the depth of 4 mm (ii) casted in the cryogel mixture of Poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) and (iii) infused at flow speed of 30 mm/s using infusion pump. Visualization of micro-flow channel in power Doppler image obtained by HFUS ultrafast Doppler imaging reveals that the proposed micro-flow phantom could serve as a viable assessment tool for optimizing the system for in-vivo cutaneous micro-vasculature imaging.
Study on Key Technologies of Power Dispatching Control System under the Background of Cloud Computing
Authors: Zhou Siming , Liu Guanqiang , Qin Hai , Xia Tian
Published: November 2021

In order to adapt to the development and application of power dispatch control systems in the future cloud computing environment, this study proposes to make full use of the elastic characteristics of cloud computing to construct a new power dispatch control system architecture. First, we analyze the shortcomings of the traditional power dispatch control system architecture, from the perspective of architecture complexity, operation and maintenance, universality and disaster tolerance. Secondly, combining the characteristics of the existing dispatch control system, we propose a new power dispatch control system architecture that conforms to the cloud computing platform. Finally, we emphatically analyzed the key technologies for key breakthroughs needed to realize the power dispatching control system architecture. Through the comparison of traditional and new power dispatch control system architectures, it can be considered that the new power dispatching control system architecture has greatly improved reliability, flexibility, safety and economy, and has certain advantages.
Electromechanical Transient Modeling and LVRT Parameter Identification of Large Capacity Full Power Converter Wind Turbines Based on PSASP Program
Authors: Lu Guoqiang , Tao Xiangyu , Chen Chunmeng , Gan Jiatian , Zhao Xufeng
Published: November 2021

Full power converter wind turbine is the main type of wind power, so the simulation calculation needs to establish accurate model parameters. This paper analyzes the model structure of PSASP program according to its low voltage ride through control and physical characteristics, and puts forward the parameter identification method of LVRT characteristics of full power converter wind turbine, and to use the LVRT data of 5. 5MW unit for parameter identification and simulation verification. This paper proposes that the electromechanical transient simulation can ignore the part of the generator model of the full power converter wind turbine, and simulates the grid side converter with the controlled current source. The main characteristics of LVRT are determined by the control system of the converter. In order to do the parameter identification, it is necessary to calculate and analyze the control characteristics of multiple measured data. First, determine the control mode, then determine the control parameters to complete the parameter identification. In this paper, the modeling conditions and model structure of the full power converter wind turbine are confirmed. The correlation between the parameters during the LVRT fault and the parameters during the LVRT recovery period and the LVRT characteristics is analyzed. In this paper, a parameter identification method is proposed to analyze the active current and reactive current during the LVRT fault, which has strong physical significance and operability. Based on the actual LVRT characteristics of 5. 5MW wind turbine, the parameter identification and simulation are carried out to verify the correctness of the method.
Application of space vector pulse width modulation algorithm based on programmable logic array in power system
Authors: Cheng Zhihai , Liu Hui
Published: November 2021

In the traditional power system, the voltage regulation and frequency modulation control method used for boiler induced draft fan is limited in control accuracy. With the improvement of furnace pressure change accuracy, higher requirements are put forward for motor control algorithm. This paper studies permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as the executive part of induced draft fan servo control system, and adopts FOC control method based on space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). Firstly, the simulation model of SVPWM pulse width modulation algorithm is established by MATLAB to provide theoretical support for the subsequent debugging algorithm; When using FPGA to realize SVPWM modulation algorithm, FPGA has the advantages of high reliability and high real-time processing, which provides theoretical support and application guidance for the realization of high-precision motor control of boiler induced draft fan in power system.
Research on Operation Reliability Evaluation of Power-generating Unit
Authors: Di Shuai
Published: November 2021

Objective and reasonable evaluation is the basis of power-generating unit optimal operation, but evaluation method based on single weight can’t adapt to the high accuracy requirement of comprehensive evaluation. In order to achieve the accurate evaluation of power-generating unit operating reliability, this paper firstly calculates subjective weight and objective weight of target attribute by analytic hierarchy process method and entropy weight method. It calculates the associated weight of target attribute by grey relational degree method, and it obtains the linear combined weight by relaxation factor. Then, the power-generating unit operating reliability is evaluated by improved TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution), and the evaluation result is obtained. Finally, the relaxation factor is continuously evaluated from 0 to 1 to perform sensitivity analysis. This paper evaluates the operation reliability of nine wind turbines in a wind farm, and the evaluation result is closer to actual operation state of wind turbines. This method has high reliability and practical value, and it provides a new technical means for making a reasonable maintenance plan of wind turbines.
Starting System and Safety Protection of Explosion-proof Diesel Engine for Coal Mine Based on Compressed Air
Authors: Zhu Kun , Liu Jiquan , Yan Zhiwei , Zhang Lei
Published: November 2021

The starting and safety protection system is an important part ofthe explosion-proof diesel engine, and there are malfunctions in the explosion-proof diesel engine, such as difficulty in starting and failure in protection. As a gas working medium, compressed air is safe, reliable, and advantageous in acquisition and storage. Therefore, analyzing the starting principle and safety protection requirements of explosion-proof diesel engines and studying the correlation between the two systems, a set of starting and safety protection systemsusing compressed air as the working medium is designed in this paper. Moreover, the performance requirements of the main components in the system are studied, analyzing and calculating the operating parameters in the system, so that the design plan can be optimized. The problems appearing instarting and safety protection of explosion-proof diesel engines are solved through this system.
Simulation analysis of underwater working condition of ship rudder blade based on Fluent
Authors: Zhao Haowei , Liu Guifeng , Han Jianggui
Published: November 2021

The rudder blade is an important power plant of the ship. Removing damage and failure is the premise of the normal operation of the ship. In this paper, the numerical calculation method is used, combined with K-ɛ (k-epsilon model) and S-A (spalart allmaras) turbulence model, the underwater working conditions of ship rudder blade are analyzed, and the influence of water flow impact at different angles of attack on the damage failure of rudder blade components is discussed. The simulation results show that when the ship is sailing at constant speed, with the change of water attack angle, the main distribution range of rudder blade stress deviates, and the lift and resistance of rudder blade are also gradually increasing, which is easy to damage the parts with concentrated stress. It has theoretical guiding significance for the protection and repair of rudder blade damage.
Multistage noise reduction processing for vibration signal of hydropower units
Authors: Shi Yousong , Zhou Jianzhong
Published: November 2021

In actual field testing environments of hydropower units, unit vibration signals are often contaminated with noise. In order to obtain the real vibration signal, a multi-stage vibration signal denoise method SG-SVD-VMD is proposed for the guide bearing nonlinear and non-stationary vibration signals. And the root mean square error (RMSE) and signal to noise ratio (SNR) are used to evaluate the noise reduction ability of eight methods. The results show that the noise-canceling ability of this proposed method has improved to some extent. It can effectively suppress the noise of the hydropower units vibration signals. This method can effectively identify the shaft track and the running state of hydropower units.
Experimental PIV investigation of the PZT fans array coupling effect at high Reynolds numbers
Authors: Chen Yiyang , Ding Hao , Wang Ziwen , Li Jianxin , Cui Jiahuan
Published: November 2021

Piezoelectric fan arrays are being increasingly emphasized for heat dissipation in small-sized electronic devices. In this study, PIV experiments were conducted to investigate the flow fields induced by piezoelectric fan arrays with different vibration modes and pitches at high Reynolds numbers (324< Re <509) in a stationary air environment. As a result, when the PZT fan array is vibrating in-phase, the saddle points in the time averaged flow field are formed and separated gradually as the pitch increases, the remnant vortex and the induced vortex interact to form a jet with a periodic oscillation in the direction. Jet velocity reaches a maximum at P = 3A. In counter-phase vibration, saddle points are separated from one region under large pitches, the interaction of counter-rotating induced vortices forms a vertical upward jet. The morphology of induced and remnant vortices with different vibration modes and array pitches are responsible for the jet formation and flow field pattern. The interaction of counter-rotating vortices in counter-phase vibration leads the jet intensity higher than in-phase vibration induced jet, the optimal setting of the PZT fan under this study is determined as P = 2.5A with counter-phase vibration. The experimental results provide validation for the simulation study and give guidance to the application
Research on residual current warning technology based on big data analysis
Authors: Li You , Xia Chuanfu , Zhuang Yuan , Liao Baoquan , Huang Shuai
Published: November 2021

Residual current is the main cause of electrical fire. The traditional residual current monitoring methods often give delayed alarm, false alarm or even missed alarm, which cannot be applied in practice. This paper put forward the residual current detection solution based on big data analysis. The big data analysis based on residual current, temperature and humidity could detect residual current anomaly information as early as possible, realize fault monitoring and early warning. This method was applied to important facilities such as substation, data center. It could reduce or eliminate fire hazards, and provide decision basis for electrical fire warning.
Research on the Operation Model and Strategy of Lithium Battery to Provide Frequency Regulation in the Power System
Authors: Shi Yu , Zhang Zhong , Wang Jing , Li Hao , Zhao Xiang , Yang Xintong
Published: November 2021

With the development of smart grid and energy internet, energy storage will play an important role in maintaining the power balance and providing frequency regulation in future power system. Consequently, energy storage faces a trade-off problem between the energy market and frequency regulation market. In this work, an operation model and strategy of energy storage to provide frequency regulation is proposed. Taking lithium battery as an example of energy storage, its technical feasibility to provide frequency regulation is firstly discussed. Then, a day-ahead energy market model in the power system is constructed to calculate the revenue of lithium battery. Finally, the operation strategy of lithium battery to provide secondary frequency regulation (namely AGC) is proposed based on the model of opportunity cost. Case study is conducted on a modified IEEE 6-bus system. It shows that the reduced marginal revenue of lithium battery in the energy market increases with the growth of its declared capacity for frequency regulation. Consequently, the optimal declared frequency regulation capacity for lithium battery is the amount, at which the reduced marginal revenue in the energy market is equal to the compensation price of frequency regulation.
Research on Security Access of Power Internet of Things Terminals Based on Edge Computing Technology
Authors: Tang Yong , Zhang Linghao , Zhang Juling , Xiang Siyu , Cai He
Published: November 2021

In view of the current lack of unified security authentication and control for the power Internet of Things terminal equipment, at the perception level of the power Internet of Things, the perception layer terminal access control, front-end authentication technology realization and terminal equipment abnormal behavior detection methods are proposed. This method enhances the communication security between power equipment and edge nodes, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the power Internet of Things.
Simulation Analysis of Current in Metal Sheath of Power Cable Considering Temperature Characteristics
Authors: Fang Jian , Zhang Min , Mo Wenxiong , Huang Bo , He Jiaxing , Lin Xiang
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a cable broadband circuit model considering the temperature characteristics. This paper establishes the equivalent circuit model of the cross-bonded power cable and proposes the broadband parameter calculation method considering the temperature. The cable parameters are calculated by the vector fitting method. Based on the operating current and cable temperature data of the cable on a certain day, the simulation analysis of the cable sheath current considering the temperature is carried out using Simulink. Finally, the simulation results show that the cable sheath current is significantly affected by temperature.
Design and electromagnetic analysis of switched reluctance linear generator in electric vehicle
Authors: Liu Jieyu , Tang Ye , Cheng Wenyu , Li Changpeng
Published: November 2021

The structural characteristics and basic design requirements of design of switched reluctance linear generator are introduced. According to the general principles and design experience of electromechanical design, the dimension of design of switched reluctance linear generator is determined, and the two-dimensional and three-dimensional static finite element models of design of switched reluctance linear generator are established in Flux 2D and Flux 3D respectively. By comparing the simulation results of the two-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model, it is found that the difference between the real simulation results of the 2D model and the 3D model is small, and the calculation time cost of the 2D finite element simulation is much lower than that of the 3D model. Therefore, the subsequent work of this paper adopts the 2D finite element model. Finally, the static electromagnetic field and electromagnetic characteristics of the design of switched reluctance linear generator are analyzed by finite element analysis.
Approach for Provincial distribution automation system in Outage analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Qian Yulin , Zhou Diandian , Zhang Kexin
Published: November 2021

People’s lives are becoming more and more inseparable from electricity, and the requirements for the quality of power supply are getting higher and higher. Because of most of the faults in the power system originate from the distribution network, the need to standardize the management of power outages and improve the efficiency of research and judgment has become more and more significant. However, in China, the differences in the development of automation construction in various places and the outage information of different departments require that power outage business applications should try to achieve accurate analysis of outage information under different scenarios. This paper designs a power outage analysis approach, which comprehensively analyzes distribution network data such as substations, lines, and meters, and establishes a signal credibility image, which flexibly mines and analyzes outage events from multiple dimensions and effectively improves the fault tolerance of fault location.
Design and implementation of active frequency control algorithm for virtual power plant based on flexible resource rapid response
Authors: Li Bin , Yu Junjie
Published: November 2021

At present, the power generation resources in the power system show a clean and decentralized development trend. These distributed generation resources are small in scale and lack of special regulation system. Aiming at the uncertain and intermittent output characteristics of photovoltaic distributed generation virtual power plant(VPP), this paper puts forward the scheme of active frequency response intelligent control, completes the hardware and communication design, algorithm design and software implementation. Finally, the actual engineering practice is carried out in three photovoltaic VPP in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, which verifies the feasibility of relevant schemes and algorithms, and provides a certain basis for the next research.
Frequency tracking and tuning control of wireless power transfer system
Authors: Liu Ziyi , Zhan Hao
Published: November 2021

A tuning control method with frequency tracking function is proposed to improve the degradation of efficiency caused by coil detuning in magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer. Firstly, the detuning mechanism is studied by combining the AC impedance characteristics of the series resonant circuit, and the feedback control circuit is constructed by using a modified phase-locked loop, which outputs a variable frequency PWM wave to regulate the operating frequency of the high frequency inverter and maintains the phase difference between the inverter output voltage and the original side current within the error range. The Matlab/Simulink simulation results show that the design can successfully transfer the system to a new resonant state with short regulation period and high control accuracy, which can effectively improve the transmission efficiency and load power of the system.
Simulation Research on Electric Field Distribution of Insulator String in ULTRA High Voltage Transmission Line
Authors: Shen Weihao
Published: November 2021

Insulators are one of the important components of overhead transmission lines. Because of their excellent characteristics, insulators have obvious advantages in the selection of external insulation in UHV AC transmission projects. The potential distribution of insulator string is not even due to the shape characteristics of insulator string, the structure of metal tool, the low conductivity of silicon rubber material and the stray capacitance between insulator string and wire, iron tower and metal tool. When the surface field intensity of insulators and fittings exceeds the initial field intensity, corona discharge will occur, which will affect the electromagnetic environment and the operation characteristics of insulating materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to determine the potential distribution of insulator strings of UHV transmission lines for detecting low and zero value insulators, implementing voltage equalization measures effectively, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of transmission lines. Based on Ansys software of 500kv transmission line insulator string, this paper establishes a three-dimensional model, the method of using finite element numerical simulation respectively with no equalizing ring and equalizing ring in both cases the umbrella skirt on simulation, the distribution of electric field along the roots, and further studies the equalizing ring the effect of different parameters on the electric field distribution. Finally, an optimal solution is established.
Application of Automatic Code Generation Based on PSIM in Digital Control BUCK Circuit
Authors: Lu Yang , Yang Puqiong
Published: November 2021

In recent years, digital control has been widely used in the field of power electronics. Automatic code generation, as a graphical software writing method, has brought great convenience to the writing of electronic control software due to a series of advantages such as easy to write and easy to simulate and verify. Simcoder in PSIM is an automatic code generation software that enables the automatic generation of complete DSP control program projects. In this article, the current and voltage loops of a typical average current controlled BUCK circuit are designed as an example, and the use of PSIM and Simcoder is described in detail. Based on the main circuit and Matlab parameter calculations, the model is simulated and the self-generated code is downloaded into the TMS320F28335 to test the output voltage and current of the hardware circuit. The circuit output has the advantage of stable output voltage with small steady-state error and low voltage overshoot, demonstrating the practicality and efficiency of automatic code generation on this project.
Design of vision system for high voltage transmission line obstacle Removal Robot
Authors: Wu Yijiang , Dong Zhicong , Zhou Huibin
Published: November 2021

Aiming at the problem of low visual co direction rate of high-voltage transmission line obstacle Removal Robot in traditional system, a new vision system of high-voltage transmission line obstacle removal robot is designed. In the hardware part of the system, the storage structure of DSP, TMS32DC541Q and image sensor are designed; at the same time, through the visual foreign object recognition of high-voltage transmission line obstacle removal robot, the visual image threshold of high-voltage transmission line obstacle removal robot is calculated, the visual judgment of high-voltage transmission line obstacle removal robot is realized, and the system design is completed. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional vision system, the designed vision system of high-voltage transmission line obstacle Removal Robot effectively improves the degree of the same direction with the original image and meets the practical application requirements.
Pulse interference identification and suppression for OFDM signal
Authors: Wei Wei , Peng Tao , Ye Li
Published: November 2021

The new generation smart meter is the core node of information acquisition and flows in the power Internet of Things (IoT). Because it is powered by the low-voltage power line, various short-time pulse interference signals in the line can be easily coupled to the received signal of the communication module embedded in the meter, resulting in the degradation of communication performance. In view of this situation, an identification-suppression algorithm of the short-time pulse-interference signal is proposed. The core idea is to comprehensively judge the existence of the interference signal and its specific position in the time domain based on the energy ratio of adjacent OFDM symbols and the change of mean square error value between frequency domain amplitude signals. Based on this, an interference energy elimination scheme with an adaptive threshold is realized. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the scheme has low computational complexity, high accuracy of pulse interference identification and position judgment, and can effectively reduce the energy of pulse interference signal, and thus improving the decoding performance of OFDM while it receives signals.
Design of Synaptic Neuronal Circuit Based on Memristors
Authors: Ma Lin , Tong Yi , He Lin
Published: November 2021

To solve the problems of poor learning efficiency and low accuracy caused by the single fixed synaptic weight in the traditional artificial neural network. On the foundation of the improved memristor model, this paper designs a synaptic neuronal circuit based on the natural memory characteristics of the memristor. This synapse is composed of six memristors. The resistance of the memristor is changed by adding a periodic square wave to update the synaptic weight. This circuit can realize signed synaptic weighting, which has certain linear characteristics. Finally, two synaptic weight update methods are proposed based on this circuit, and the validity of the design is verified through Spice simulation experiments.
Research on real time simulation modeling method of large scale MMC electromagnetic transient
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Hongjun , Hu Hui , Hao Liping , Xu Wei
Published: November 2021

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) contains a large number of power electronic switching devices. The modeling method based on switching circuit model needs a lot of resources and the simulation speed is slow, so it is difficult to realize large-scale real-time simulation of electromagnetic transient. A MMC electromagnetic transient numerical modeling method based on ideal transformer model (ITM) is presented. Firstly, the MMC system is divided into the main circuit network and the sub module group network by ITM method, and the error caused by decoupling delay in serial and parallel real time simulation is compensated respectively by interpolation prediction and advanced interpolation prediction. Secondly, the capacitor in sub module is discreted respectively by trapezoidal integration method, backward Euler method and Gear-2 method. Based on the above numerical integration, the difference equations of capacitance voltage, capacitance current and output voltage of half bridge and full bridge sub modules are derived. Then, in order to improve the calculation speed, a simplified numerical model of half bridge and full bridge sub module based on switching function is proposed. Finally, the MMC based on switching circuit model runs off-line simulation in the simulation software, and the above MMC numerical modeling method runs real-time simulation in Speedgoat real-time simulator. The off-line and real-time simulation results of the MMC numerical modeling method and the switching circuit model are compared. And the simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the above MMC numerical modeling method in real time simulation.
Remote monitoring system design of power substation based on GPRS
Authors: Xiong Yicheng , Liu Qian , Deng Maojun , Niu Zhilei
Published: November 2021

This paper studies the design scheme of a substation remote monitoring system based on GPRS, and gives the solution about poor real-time and imperfect function of centralized substation monitoring system. The working principle diagram of the measurement and control device is introduced in detail, and the modules of analog acquisition and switching input are designed. The substation remote monitoring software based on GPRS communication is developed to realize the remote real-time monitoring of electrical and switching parameters and other functions, such as data query, fault early warning and energy efficiency analysis. The experimental results show that the system has the characteristics of real-time, multi-function and high reliability. It is of great significance to implement defensive maintenance, improve power supply quality, save energy and reduce consumption.
Research on Secondary Cable Identification Based on the Principle of Electromagnetic Induction
Authors: Bao Li Zhu , Yu Jia Yan , Wu Yu , Wu Hao , Tang Zhi Jun , Wang Jun Cheng
Published: November 2021

When the operation and maintenance station performs cable maintenance, installation measures, etc., due to the lack of direct and effective tools, and the complicated wiring of the operation and maintenance station equipment, the wiring diagram is inconsistent with the actual situation, which brings risks to the removal of waste cables. As an indispensable safety tool in the power industry, the cable identification device is an important means to ensure the safety of maintenance personnel. In view of the current situation, this paper analyzes the electric field around the cable line of the operation and maintenance station, and simplifies the simulation of the line, and proposes a secondary cable identification device based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which can quickly identify the target cable, which greatly improves the cable identification performance. Efficiency reduces the time for cable identification and improves safety.
NB-IoT based method for monitoring the tilt status of transmission towers
Authors: Zheng Yan , Wu Yanfeng , Gao Jianchuan , Cui Shu
Published: November 2021

The current monitoring of transmission tower tilt status mainly uses a combination of manual and sensor data collection, which not only has low monitoring efficiency and high cost, but also makes it difficult to guarantee the monitoring accuracy. In response to the problems of the above research, the NB-IoT-based transmission pole tower tilt state monitoring method will be studied. Six-axis attitude sensor GY-521, wind sensor and tension sensor are used to collect the pole tower status data. The NB-IoT network is designed to transmit the noise reduction processed data to the base station, which is transmitted to the upper computer. The data is analyzed in the upper computer using LSTM network to get the monitoring results of the tilt status of the pole tower. The experimental results show that the maximum root mean square error of the proposed monitoring method is only 0.02701, which is much smaller than the comparison method, and the monitoring efficiency is high and the performance is more suitable for practical applications.