bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review on nanostructured silver as a basic ingredient in medicine: physicochemical parameters and characterization
Authors: Misirli Gabriel M , Sridharan Kishore , Abrantes Shirley M P
Published: May 2021

Recent studies with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the history of silver metal as a broad-spectrum bactericidal and virucidal agent, places silver as one of the future biocidal candidates in the field of nanomedicine to eliminate bacteria and viruses, especially multidrug resistant ones. In this review, we have described the various morphologies of AgNPs and correlated the enhanced bactericidal activity with their prominent {111} facets. In addition to prioritizing the characterization we have also discussed the importance of quantifying AgNPs and silver ion content (Ag+) and their different mechanisms at the chemical, biological, pharmacological, and toxicological levels. The mechanism of action of AgNPs against various bacteria and viruses including the SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed in order to understand its effectiveness as an antimicrobial agent with therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity. Further, there is the need to characterize AgNPs and quantify the content of free Ag+ for the implementation of new systematic studies of this promising agent in nanomedicine and in clinical practice.
EVALUATION OF COMPOSITION SUITABILITY OF THE MODEL FOR NEW SERVICE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Skačkauskienė Ilona , Švogžlys Povilas
Published: May 2021

As more and more attention is paid to the formation of models of new service development, it is noticed that the compositions of a new model are usually based only on examples of previous models that were presented in the scientific literature. Although the practical application of the proposed models in any organizational condition is often verified by empirical studies, the revisions of the validity of model compositions are still quite fragmented. The lack of such research does not give the possibility for any further improvement of the model or elimination of the revealed shortcomings and it makes the proper preparation for testing the proposed model in a company complicated. In order to evaluate the suitability of the composition of the newly formed model of service development in the conditions of modern service companies, an empirical evaluation was performed by using the methods of abstraction, comparative analysis, synthesis, and expert survey. According to the results of the research, the suggestions for the improvement of the new service development model were made and guidelines for further research were formulated.
Asteroid Lightcurves and Detection, Shape, and Size Biases in Large-scale Surveys
Authors: Navarro-Meza Samuel , Aadland Erin , Trilling David
Published: May 2021

Most asteroids are somewhat elongated and have non-zero lightcurve amplitudes. Such asteroids can be detected in large-scale sky surveys even if their mean magnitudes are fainter than the stated sensitivity limits. We explore the detection of elongated asteroids under a set of idealized but useful approximations. We find that objects up to 1 mag fainter than a survey’s sensitivity limit are likely to be detected, and that the effect is most pronounced for asteroids with lightcurve amplitudes 0.1–0.4 mag. This imposes a bias on the derived size and shape distributions of the population that must be properly accounted for.
Seasonal changes of Sahara desert dust transport over Balkans
Authors: Dimitrova Maria
Published: May 2021

This article presents an investigation of seasonal behavior of Sahara desert dust transport over the Balkans. The data used is satellite measurements of monthly averaged Absorption Aerosol Index (AAI) value. The researched period is from June 1995 till the end of 2019. The data used is from four different space instruments onboard five satellites. The area of interest is a rectangle with corners 23 E 43 N and 24 E 35 N. The data from different sources is compared and discussed.
Application of GNSS and SAR data in landslide monitoring along the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria
Authors: Atanasova Mila , Nikolov Hristo , Vassileva Keranka
Published: May 2021

Landslide processes are considered to be the major part of the natural hazards occurring on the northern part of the Bulgarian sea side. Their monitoring can be done with high precision using GNSS data. The objective of this study is to provide solid grounds for monitoring of the landslide processes using GNSS and SAR data. This goal will be achieved by implementation the following: 1) establishment a verified methodology for extracting high-quality information from SAR images aimed at continuous monitoring of landslide areas integrating InterFerometric Images (IFI) and GNSS data and 2) creation of working prototype of an information system for monitoring and prevention of the effects of earth crust movements (landslides, falls, etc.) based of freely accessible data provided by ESA and national sources. One of the scientific tasks to be solved includes the development of methodological approaches for comparison of the results from combined processing of interferometric images from SAR, measurements at permanent GNSS stations of the national NIGGG network in the area of study and geodetic measurements of a newly established test network covering a specific area on the Northern Black Sea coast of Bulgaria with active landslide processes.
Advances in space science and technology in connection with 60−th anniversary of first human spaceflight
Authors: Velinov Peter
Published: May 2021

On April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin proclaimed the arrival of a new space age. The rapid advances in the different space sciences and technologies began after the first human spaceflight. Then fundamentally new sciences and technologies appeared. At present, space science covers a broad range of disciplines. The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to space sciences: Astronomy and Space Astronomy, Cosmology, Astrophysics, Space Physics, Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Aeronomy, Solar physics, Heliospheric Physics, Cosmic Ray Physics, Space Weather and Space Climate (Earth-Space Climatology), Space Dosimetry, Space Chemistry or Cosmochemistry, Remote Sensing of the Earth and Planets, Planetary Science, Planetary Geology, Astrogeology or Exogeology, Exoplanetology or Exoplanetary Science (Science for Extrasolar Planetary Systems), Intelligent Life in the Universe, Astronautics (or Cosmonautics), Orbital mechanics or Astrodynamics, Space life sciences: Bioastronautics, Space Medicine, Space Neuroscience, Space Biology, Radiation Biology, Biotechnology, Space Botany or Astrobotany, Microgravity Environment Research; Archaeoastronomy, Space Anthropology, Xeno-anthropology (Exo-anthropology), Space Law, Space Technology, Space Navigation, Space Communications, Space Architecture, Space Logistics, Space Robotics, Space Robotic Colonies, Space Colonization (also called Space Settlement or Extraterrestrial Colonization), Planetary Habitability, Space Manufacturing, Space Materials Science, Satellite Industry, Space Business, Space Tourism, Space Hardware, Space Industry, and Space Ecology. With the help of these advanced space sciences humankind began confidently the exploration of space. But these studies led also to numerous new technologies and applications to improve people's lives. Finally, we mention again Yuri Gagarin and his cosmic heritage. He left behind an inspirational legacy, which even today still continues to motivate millions of people worldwide.
Description and phylogenetic analysis of a new firefly genus from the Atlantic Rainforest, with five new species and new combinations (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Lampyrinae)
Authors: da Silveira Luiz Felipe Lima , Roza André Silva , Vaz Stéphanie , Mermudes José Ricardo M.
Published: May 2021

Here, based on phylogenetic analyses of 18 taxa and 57 morphological characters, we propose a new firefly genus,Costalampysgen. nov., to accommodate eleven species. Five new species are herein described:C. bellasp. nov.,C. capixabasp. nov.,C delicatasp. nov.(designated as type species),C. joanaesp. nov.andC. minimasp. nov.In addition, six species are redescribed and transferred from other genera:C. bisbinotata(Pic)comb. nov., transferred fromPlatylampisMotschulsky;C. decorata(Olivier)comb. nov., transferred fromEthraLaporte;C. pauper(Olivier)comb. nov., transferred fromCladodesSolier; as well asC. klugii(Motschulsky)comb. nov.,C. quadriguttata(Gorham)comb. nov., andC. tricolor(Gorham)comb. nov., transferred fromLucidotaLaporte.Costalampysgen. nov.is tentatively placed in Lampyrinae, and is diagnosed by: antennae with 11 articles, III–X basally flabellate, lacking dense and upright bristles; clypeus connected to frons by membrane, pygidium rounded; sternum VIII mucronate; phallus with dorsal plate enlarged apically, projecting ventrally and partially embracing the internal sac. Our phylogenetic analyses supported both the monophyly ofCostalampysgen. nov.and the new combinations proposed. However, the relationship among congeneric species was poorly resolved. Finally, we provide illustrations of diagnostic features, distribution maps, as well as a key toCostalampysgen. nov.species, based on males.
Allergic Broncho-Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Seth Divya , Poowuttikul Pavadee , Pansare Milind , Abdulhamid Ibrahim , Kamat Deepak
Published: May 2021

Allergic broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an immunologically mediated lung disease that usually occurs in people with a diagnosis of asthma or cystic fibrosis. It is a noninvasive lung disease caused by colonization of the airways with
Aspergillus fumigatus
. In people who are susceptible,
Aspergillus
leads to an exaggerated immune response and ultimately pulmonary inflammation and lung damage. Patients with ABPA typically present with poorly controlled asthma, recurrent pulmonary infiltrates, and bronchiectasis. Diagnosis of ABPA is established based on a combination of clinical manifestations as well as laboratory and radiological evaluations. Delay in diagnosis can result in airway destruction and pulmonary fibrosis, which may result in significant morbidity and mortality. This article discusses the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management of patients with ABPA. It aims to serve as a tool for pediatricians to aid in early recognition of this debilitating disease and consider referral, facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(5):e214–e221.]
Approach to Children with Hives
Authors: Poowuttikul Pavadee , Pansare Milind , Kamat Deepak , Seth Divya
Published: May 2021

Urticaria (or hives) is a pruritic and erythematous skin rash. Angioedema commonly occurs with urticaria. The term “chronic urticaria” is used when hives are present for more than 6 weeks. Acute urticaria is common in children, whereas chronic urticaria is rare. Causes of urticaria can be identified in many cases of acute urticaria with a thorough medical history. Laboratory evaluation may be needed to confirm the etiology of acute urticaria. Chronic urticaria is often idiopathic. Clinicians should avoid universal allergy testing for food allergens or aeroallergens in chronic urticaria as it usually does not help in identifying the cause, can lead to false-positive results, and unnecessary avoidance of allergens or foods. Urticarial vasculitis should be considered for lesions that are painful, present for more than 48 hours, leave scars/hyperpigmentation, or present with systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and arthritis. Skin biopsy should be considered for suspected urticarial vasculitis.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021(5):e191–e197.]
Perception of the bilabial-labiodental contrast in the approximant consonants of the Chilean Spanish
Authors: Figueroa Candia Mauricio A. , Evans Bronwen G.
Published: May 2021

Until recently, the consensus was that labiodental realizations of Spanish /b/ did not exist, and that consequently this variation in place of articulation could be safely disregarded. However, new evidence emerged showing that labiodental variants of /b/ do exist in relatively high numbers, at least in some dialects such as in Chilean Spanish. This study set out to determine whether Chilean Spanish listeners are able to perceive the differences between bilabial and labiodental approximant variants of Spanish /b/ (i.e., [β̞] versus [ʋ]). In order to test this, natural and synthetic stimuli were presented to 31 native listeners in identification and discrimination tasks. Results showed that, while the identification task with natural stimuli provided mixed evidence of sensitivity to the contrast, the identification and discrimination tasks with synthetic stimuli provided no evidence of listeners perceiving the phonetic contrast categorically. In sum, listeners do no seem able to perceive the acoustic differences between the two segments, and thus it is unlikely that this phonetic contrast could be employed to encode sociolinguistic information.
Rhythm and speech rate as a diagnostic aid in neurodegenerative syndromes of the front-temporal lobes
Authors: Elvira-García Wendy , Marrero Aguiar Victoria
Published: May 2021

Temporal variables have proven to be an effective tool to characterize speech in neurodegenerative diseases and primary progressive aphasia variants, but the evidence available so far is essentially limited to English. This article analyses, by means of a small sample of seven patient groups and a control group (total n = 34; control group = 6; progressive primary aphasia, en three variants = 15; fronto-temporal dementia in two variants = 9; supranuclear progressive palsy = 3; cortico-basal syndrome = 2), the temporal parameters of speech rate, vowel duration, consonant duration, and nine rhythmic metrics (%V, %C, ΔV, ΔC, VarcoV, VarcoC, rPVI-V, rPVI-C, nPVI-V). The results indicate that speech rate is slower in patients with primary progressive non-fluent aphasia (APPnf), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or corticobasal syndrome (CBS) than in controls. These three clinical groups, as well as those suffering from progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), have longer segmental durations, especially in consonants. Among the rhythm metrics, %C, ΔV and rPVI-C also allow to differentiate between groups, specifically, between control and APPlog, ELA-DFT y SCB.
Remição de Pena Pela Leitura no Rio de Janeiro: da memória para a memória
Authors: Pasche Marcos Estevão Gomes
Published: May 2021

Dispositivo jurídico recente no Brasil, o Remição de Pena Pela Leitura consiste em atividade educacional executada em espaços de privação de liberdade. Este artigo pretende avaliá-lo em sua realização como projeto de extensão universitária em unidades prisionais do Complexo Penitenciário do Gericinó, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, entre os anos de 2018 e 2019. Para isso, serão observados textos que normatizam a leitura como direito de pessoas privadas de liberdade e fatores que destoam do que preveem tais normativas. A principal metodologia adotada é a pesquisa-ação, pois a fonte de análise é uma experiência específica de atuação, sendo também feitas considerações teóricas que situam o presente trabalho na discussão sobre o cárcere como fenômeno social e político. Espera-se contribuir para a construção de um debate em torno do Remição de Pena Pela Leitura, apresentando propostas com vistas ao aperfeiçoamento de sua realização.
Cytotoxicity assessment of beta-lapachone in endothelial cells
Authors: Gonçalves Patrícia de Almeida Machado , Cruz Vanessa de Souza , Nepomuceno Leandro Lopes , Soares Nayane Peixoto , Braga Karla Márcia da Silva , Alves Naira Moura , Arnhold Emmanuel , Araújo Eugênio Gonçalves de
Published: May 2021

The selective activity of an antineoplastic drug is related to its ability to promote cytotoxic action on tumor cells and preserve the integrity of non-neoplastic cells. Beta-lapachone is extracted from the sawdust of Ipe wood, a thick bark tree from the Ipe wood found in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic action of beta-lapachone in an endothelial cell line. The EA.hy926 cells were seeded in two groups, G1 and G2, cultured and exposed to beta-lapachone at concentrations of 0.0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1 and 3 μM for 24 hours. G1 remained under normal cultivation conditions and G2 was subjected to oxidative stress through an ischemia and reperfusion assay, in a deoxygenated sealed chamber. The cytotoxicity assay was performed using the tetrazolium reduction method. In G1, the cytotoxicity ranged from 0.0 to 10.0%; and in G2 between 0.0 and 6.3%. No statistically significant difference was observed between the obtained values. Moreover, we found no cytotoxic action of beta-lapachone on endothelial cells, and the results point out that the drug might have preserved the cell’s integrity against oxidative stress under the conditions of this experiment. This promising result suggests the possibility of beta-lapachone as a chemotherapy drug with selective activity.
Claves y proceso para configurar la identidad del ‘docente educador’ desde la formación inicial
Authors: Blanchard Mercedes , Fernandes Procopio Leandra
Published: May 2021

El presente y el futuro de la educación están pendientes de un cambio urgente. Quienes prioritariamente hacen posible ese cambio son los profesores, su modo de entenderse a sí mismos, dependiendo del desarrollo de su propia identidad educadora. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad presentar claves y procesos que posibiliten desarrollar la identidad docente desde la formación inicial, favoreciendo también que los estudiantes reflexionen sobre su experiencia educativa previa. Dicha identidad se desarrollará, a lo largo del proceso formativo y se profundizará durante su trayectoria profesional, mediante la reflexión teoría-práctica. Presentamos características de identidad de un profesor-educador, experto en humanidad, capaz de crecer él mismo y a la vez que acompaña a otros para que desplieguen todas sus posibilidades y aprendan a mirarse a sí mismos y a la realidad, para incidir y transformar. Creemos urgente priorizar un currículo que ponga en diálogo las teorías educativas con la propia vida.
As faces da violência no jornalismo literário brasileiro: um estudo sobre Meu casaco de general
Authors: Bisol Laísa Veroneze , Cruz Xosé Antonio Neira , Calegari Lizandro Carlos
Published: May 2021

Este artigo investiga a representação da violência no jornalismo literário brasileiro na contemporaneidade. Os objetos de estudo são os romances-reportagens que foram destaque, em sua categoria, no Prêmio Jabuti, uma condecoração da literatura brasileira, considerada uma das maiores da América. O objetivo é compreender, de maneira contextualizada, de que modo a violência é representada por meio dessas narrativas e, a partir disso, observar como o jornalismo literário brasileiro contribui para o debate e a promoção da reflexão social acerca do tema. Para tanto, realiza-se, inicialmente, um mapeamento das obras, com o intuito de verificar quais os temas predominantes, os tipos de violência e os tipos de dominação que aparecem nas narrativas, a fim de iniciar um entendimento a respeito das relações de poder e do modo como a violência é representada no jornalismo literário brasileiro. Após essa fase de compreensão, é desenvolvida a análise da obra Meu casaco de general, do autor Luiz Eduardo Soares, uma das primeiras premiadas no período estudado. O romance-reportagem retrata a violência, especialmente no âmbito das relações entre traficantes e policiais, no espaço do Rio de Janeiro, mas direcionando a uma compreensão de todo o contexto brasileiro. Os resultados indicam que os romances-reportagens condecorados, no período analisado, apresentam diversas faces da violência, já que representam como os sujeitos são acometidos pela crueldade, além de promoverem senso de empatia com relação às vítimas. Também se observa a forte vinculação entre a violência e as relações de poder que permeiam o país. A obra estudada revela problemáticas sociais como a vulnerabilidade diante das relações de poder, a falta de ética e a corrupção, temas que conduzem o leitor a entender e questionar o sistema de combate à violência no Brasil.
A inauguração do lamento memorialístico de Evelyn Blaut-Fernandes
Authors: Costa Gregory Magalhães
Published: May 2021

Blaut-Fernandes, E. (2018). As dezenove regras do romance policial. São Paulo, SP: V. de Moura Mendonça – Livros. (Selo Demônio Negro). 86p. ISBN 978-85-66423-49-5.
Resonances of greek-latin classics in the works of Fyodor Dostoevsky: a critical analysis
Authors: Yasin Ghulam , Ali Shaukat , Shahzad Kashif
Published: May 2021

This research aims to probe the classical elements in the works of Fyodor Dostoevsky and to show the author’s bent towards the classical authors and traditions. Dostoevsky is the giant literary figure of 19th-century Russian literature and he belongs not only to a particular time but to all times like many other great classic writers. The research is significant for exposing the author’s affiliation towards the epic poetry of Homer and Hesiod and the dramas of the preeminent Athenian tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. Dostoevsky also becomes classic based on his dealings with the themes dealt by the classics like love, fight for honour, real-life presentation, the conflict between vice and virtue and the struggle of his tragic heroes to reach their goal. The research proves that Dostoevsky is a classic among the classics because of having close resonance with the classics in the art of characterization, the portrayal of tragic heroes, theme building and by including some elements of tragedy. The qualitative research is designed on the descriptive-analytic method by using the approach of Classicism presented by Mark Twain.
Leituras, tempos, convulsões: o romance Machado, de Silviano Santiago
Authors: Rocha Helder Santos
Published: May 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma análise do romance Machado (2016), de Silviano Santiago, com foco na problematização do gesto de leitura que o autor, e personagem-escritor, propõe para ficcionalizar e ressignificar a personagem Machado de Assis no rol da historiografia literária. Como um leitor desdobrado em autor, Silviano Santiago ressignifica a cena literária que produz sobre personas, lugares e tempos do passado, fazendo uma curadoria de documentos, imagens e anais. Após uma discussão de proposições de gestos de leitura ficcionalizados no romance, a abordagem adotada permite o recorte e o aprofundamento da relação temporal da personagem-escritor Machado com o presente da escrita de Silviano, a partir da desorganização arquivística operada por este sobre as ruínas do tempo social, a Belle Époque carioca, mas também sobre as ruínas pessoais daquele, do fundador da Academia Brasileira de Letras, como a sua doença e o seu fim de vida. Na espiral armada pelo crítico e ficcionista contemporâneo, o gesto de leitura encenado na diegese performatiza o ideal de leitura na sua recepção, da continuidade da literatura a partir de uma sinalização para os leitores do século XXI emanciparem-se e ocuparem outros lugares. Nesse sentido, a leitura literária é o potencial estético e político do romance e desse trabalho.
A sociological study on the rape, rapist and the victim of rape in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammad Alam , Ahamed Akkas , Rahman Sayedur
Published: May 2021

The ratio of rape in Bangladesh has increased dramatically in the recent past. It is happening due to the deterioration in social norms, and other several invisible social reasons. For any society’s ethical degradation, there are social, political, economic and cultural reasons. The proportion of rape has not only enhanced in the South Asian countries but also in the developed countries as well. The main objective of this study was to find out the reasons for rape, and to provide with some suggestions for controlling the incidence of rape in Bangladesh. Also, this study has done a historical review on how it can influence society, state, and psycho-physical conditions of the victims. The historical review is very effective in finding out the main causes of rape in any society. Methodologically this is a qualitative research work, based on both primary and secondary sources of data. The article has discussed the nature and inherent causes of the rape which occurred in some South Asian countries with particular emphasis to Bangladesh. Also, the social causes of the increase of rape- incidences in Bangladesh have been discussed and analyzed. The study found that there are a number of examples of rape incidents in Bangladesh. Based on the findings of this study, it is strongly recommended that, the authority should formulate legal framework, proper policies, and should take adequate steps for the proper implementation of the rule and/or law to control rape incidents in the society.
OBIETTIVO 10b. PROMUOVERE LA GIUSTIZIA E L’INCLUSIONE SOCIALE
Authors: Artoni Roberto
Published: May 2021

Non disponibile.
Pulling out a broken catheter using interventional radiology in a preterm. Neonatal intensive care
Authors: Dorta Luis Ismael José , Carretero Paloma González , Pérez Carmen Luz Marrero , Cabezudo Ignacio Hernández , Figueroa Antonio López , Palau Andrea González
Published: May 2021

There are different indications for the placement of a pleural drainage. It is indicated in a massive pneumothorax or a pleural effusion, and a tunnelled indwelling pleural catheter is put in place. As in any procedure, complications may occur. A broken catheter is a rare one, and when it occurs, it has to be removed by thoracoscopic surgery. This article describes the first case of a removal of a fractured pleural catheter in a preterm newborn with a bilateral pneumothorax using interventional radiology. We propose an alternative way less invasive that could enable a shorter recovery time with fewer complications.
Stream sediment geochemical data for the Casino porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, Yukon: additional data in 2021
Authors: McCurdy M W , McClenaghan M B , Garrett R
G , Pelchat P
Published: May 2021

Stream sediment samples were collected at 22 sites in September 2017 around the Casino calc-alkaline porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in west-central Yukon in order to determine if the metal zoning of elements associated with the porphyry copper system is reflected in
the geochemical composition of the <177 µm stream sediment fraction. The purpose of this open file is to report stream sediment geochemical data for the Casino deposit that were analyzed in two different years: 1) analyses completed in 2018 and already reported in Open File 8632
(McCurdy et al., 2019), and 2) analyses completed in 2021 and reported here for the first time. Background geological information and stream sediment geochemical maps originally reported in Open File 8632 are not repeated in this new geochemical data reporting.
Global pattern and trend of cervical cancer incidence from 1993 to 2012
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Rajaa Sathish , Giriyappa Dinesh K
Published: May 2021

Background:

Cervical cancer ranks fourth in global cancer incidence and mortality among women. A comparison of the global trends in cervical cancer would help us to identify high focus regions and serves an opportunity to evaluate the impact of the screening programs. Hence, the current study was done to assess the global trend in the incidence of cervical cancer from 1993 to 2012 among individuals aged between 30 and 79 years.

Methods:

This secondary data analysis was conducted using the World Health Organization (WHO) Cancer Incidence data of five continents plus database (America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania) on the incidence of cervical cancer. Joinpoint regression was performed to determine the average annual percent change (AAPC) in cervical cancer incidence. We performed an age-period-cohort analysis to obtain age, period, and cohort-specific deviations and rate ratio (RR).

Results:

Out of the four regions studied, all the regions showed a declining trend in cervical cancer incidence. The maximum decline was found in Oceania (AAPC = −3.3%) followed by America (AAPC = −2.0%). There was a consistent rise in cervical cancer incidence across the age groups in all the four continents with the maximum burden among the elderly. All the regions showed a steady decline in the rate of cervical cancer through the periods 1998–2002 to 2007–2012. There was also a steady decline in cervical cancer incidence across the cohorts from 1923–1927 to 1978–1982 in all the regions except America.

Conclusion:

To summarize, cervical cancer incidence showed a declining trend globally, with the maximum decline in the Oceania region from 1993 to 2012.
The Utility of Ancillary Techniques in the Cyto-Diagnosis of Malignant Scalp Lesions
Authors: Shukla Saumya , Gupta Anurag , Awasthi Namrata P. , Chandra Subrat , Singh Pradyumn , Kapoor Shilpa
Published: May 2021

Background:

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is rapid, inexpensive, and easy technique to establish the diagnosis of scalp lesions. The use of ancillary techniques such as immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry on aspiration material aids in accurate diagnosis which is additionally beneficial for management and prognosis.

Aims:

The objective of this prospective case series was to evaluate the utility of ancillary techniques in the accurate cyto-diagnosis of malignant scalp lesions.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a prospective case series that included 64 cases of scalp lesions in which FNAC had been performed for diagnosis. The lesions were categorized as Non-diagnostic/Inadequate, Inflammatory, Benign and Malignant. In all the cases that were categorized as malignant additional material was collected for ancillary testing that included ICC, cell block preparation followed by IHC and flow cytometry.

Results:

Non-diagnostic/inadequate aspirates were 17.19% (n = 11/64), 25% (n = 16/64) aspirates were inflammatory, 35.93% (n = 23/64) aspirates were benign and 21.87% (n = 14/64) aspirates were categorized as malignant. With the aid of ancillary techniques, 57.14% malignant scalp aspirates were accurately categorized as epithelial origin. Lesions of bone and soft tissue constituted 28.57% (n = 4/14) of cases and lesions of hematolymphoid origin constituted 14.29% (n = 2/14) of all cases.

Conclusion:

This is a novel study where accurate categorization of malignant scalp tumors has been done with the use of ancillary techniques. This is useful as it may help in defining the tumor type, may aid in patient management. The material obtained can also be triaged for molecular testing.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of generic medicines among physicians at multispecialty hospital
Authors: Hadia Rajesh B. , Joshi Dhaval B. , Gohel Kushal H. , Khambhati Nikhil
Published: May 2021

Background:

Nowadays, brand-name drugs are becoming an out-of-pocket expense which comprises 80% of total health-care expenditures. However, generic drugs are less expensive than brand-name drugs with the same therapeutic effect, but many doctors hold negative views of generics and resist prescribing. This study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of doctors toward generic medicines.

Methods:

This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted in a multispecialty private hospital. The study participants were doctors who were practising in a hospital during the study period (January 2017 to July 2017). The questionnaire comprises 35 questions related to demographics, knowledge, attitude, and practice evaluation of generic medicines. Descriptive statistics was applied to represent participant characteristics and response rates.

Results:

A total of 86 questionnaires were distributed to the doctors and the response rate was 37%. The majority of doctors who participated in this survey perceived that generic medicine is effective, safe, and has same active component, dose, and bioequivalent as the brand medicines. Majority of the doctors (72%) believe that generic drugs were manufactured by poor techniques. However, more than three-quarter of doctors (78%) routinely prescribed generic drugs.

Conclusion:

Most of the doctors had an honest angle about the efficacy and safety of generic medicine. However, a high proportion of physicians believe that the generic drugs are of poorer quality. To have a better understanding of the generic drug, the doctor must be well informed about the generics products during their academic career that will significantly impact health-care budgets.
Indole-thiazolidinone conjugate inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell migration and invasion by targeting NF κB pathway
Authors: Zhang Guoping , Zhang Sheng
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of indole-thiazolidinone on metastasis in HK1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

Methods: HK1 cell proliferation was determined colorimetrically using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Invasion and migration of HK1 cells were assessed using Matrigel™ chamber coated invasion and wound healing assays, respectively.

Results: Indole-thiazolidinone suppressed proliferation of HK1 and NPC 039 NPC cell lines at 72 h. The degree of proliferation of HK1 cells on treatment with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 μM indolethiazolidinone was 99, 87, 71, 64, 49, 38 and 31 %, respectively. In HK1 cell cultures, migration potential was reduced to 58.32, 47.54, 28.91 and 17.65 %, on exposure to 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 μM indole-thiazolidinone, respectively. Incubation with 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 μM indole-thiazolidinone resulted in cell invasion values of 63.41, 49.37, 35.12 and 19.67 %, respectively. There was a marked decrease in the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in HK1 cells on treatment with indole-thiazolidinone (p < 0.05). In addition, indole-thiazolidinone treatment resulted in decrease in p65 and p50 in nuclear fraction. Treatment of HK1 and NPC 039 cells with indolethiazolidinone and henenalin synergistically decreased cell proliferation. Indole-thiazolidinone treatment caused significant decrease in tumor growth in mice (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Indole-thiazolidinone inhibits proliferation and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Therefore, it has potential for development as a therapeutic management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in humans.
Withdrawn: Safranal induces autophagy by AMPK activation and protects neurons against amyloid beta in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Huang Xiaocheng , Zhu Manlian , Hua Ying , Yan Xiumei , Jiang Ruilai
Published: May 2021

This article has been withdrawn by the Editor

Purpose: To investigate autophagic induction by safranal and neuroprotection against amyloid beta in Alzheimer’s disease.

Methods: Primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were used in this study. Assessment of cell proliferation and neuroprotection by safranal against amyloid beta was done by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition were determined by western blot. Changes in intracellular calcium level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed by flow cytometry.

Results: Safranal protected neurons against amyloid beta toxicity. Furthermore, safranal activated AMPK pathway by activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKKβ) to induce autophagy in both cell lines. The toxicity induced by amyloid beta in primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were attenuated by safranal. Moreover, amyloid beta-induced calcium levels were significantly decreased by safranal while ROS and MMP loss produced by amyloid beta was attenuated by safranal.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that safranal protects neurons against amyloid beta by inducing autophagy via AMPK pathway. Therefore, safranal is a probable therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease.
Antidiabetic effect of hydro-methanol extract of Prunus cerasus L fruits and identification of its bioactive compounds
Authors: Xiao Gong , Xiao Xiangcheng
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the antidiabetic effect of hydro-methanol extract of Prunus cerasus fruit extract.

Methods: The antidiabetic activity was assessed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The effect of P. cerasus fruit extract on plasma fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, C-peptide, total protein, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total hemoglobin, reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamins E and C, ceruloplasmin, lipid profile, histology of the pancreas, and expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4) were determined using standard procedures. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for phytochemical analysis.

Results: Alloxan-induced diabetes significantly reduced plasma levels of insulin, C-peptide, total hemoglobin and total protein, and significantly increased FBG and HbA1c levels (p < 0.05). However, after treatment with the extract, changes in the levels of these parameters were significantly and dosedependently reversed (p < 0.05). The extract also increased the levels of GSH, vitamins E and C, and. Alloxan-induced DM significantly increased the levels of triacylglycerols (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and significantly reduced the level of total cholesterol (TC) at different time points (p < 0.05). However, after treatment, the levels of TG, LDL-C and HDL-C declined but TC level was significantly elevated time- and dose-dependently by the extract (p< 0.05). The extract upregulated the expression of GLUT-4 mRNA in soleus muscle and adipose tissue. LC-MS analysis revealed that the extract contained chlorogenic acid, rutin, diadzin, amygdalin, quercetin and naringenin.

Conclusion: The results obtained in this study have shown that hydromethanol extract of P. cerasus fruits exhibits remarkable antidiabetic effects.
Meta-analysis of effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine or its combination with Western medicine in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Yukun Wang , Chang Yao , Fan He , Jiayao Zeng
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and side effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the management of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: Full text data on randomized controlled trial (RCT) of TNBC treated with TCM or its combination with Western Medicine (WM) were retrieved from the Chinese biomedical literature database, Chinese periodicals, Chinese Science-Technology periodicals and VP and PubMed. The qualities of the RCTs were evaluated. Revman 5.3 was used to conduct the meta-analysis.

Results: A total of 16 RCTs involving 1186 patients were included. Analysis of these RCTs showed significant differences in total effectiveness between WM and TCM or combination of TCM with WM {(OR = 2.63, 95 % CI = 1.37, 5.03), test of the combined effect (Z = 2.91, p ˂ 0.005)}.

Conclusion: The results show that TCM is effective in the treatment TNBC
Un nuevo reto para todos
Authors: Cirera Segura Francisco
Published: May 2021

Estimados compañeros/compañeras: Aprovecho esta editorial para presentarme como vocal de publicaciones de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica y ponerme a vuestra disposición para cualquier cosa que necesitéis. Como habréis visto, desde primeros de años hemos puesto en marcha varios proyectos de los que os quiero hacer partícipes ya que para todos ellos es imprescindible vuestra colaboración. El primero está directamente relacionado con la revista Enfermería Nefrológica, que es uno de los estandartes de nuestra sociedad. En la última asamblea se decidió que la revista adoptará el formato electrónico adaptándose a los nuevos tiempos y se envía puntualmente a los socios para su consulta, además de estar disponible a través de la página web de la revista. El magnífico trabajo que han venido realizando desde la dirección de la revista nos ha brindado la oportunidad de proponernos metas mayores. La posibilidad de establecer un convenio con sociedades de enfermería iberoamericanas, puede convertirnos en la revista referente en castellano de la Enfermería Nefrológica y como tal, debemos aspirar a entrar en la principal base de datos de revistas médicas como es Medline. Este es un proyecto a medio largo plazo, que conllevará mucho trabajo y esfuerzo por parte de todos pero cuyo resultado nos beneficiará tanto a los autores como a la sociedad ya que aumentará nuestra visibilidad a nivel internacional. Por estos motivos, hemos realizados cambios en el consejo editorial de la revista y hemos puesto en marcha la plataforma de revisión por pares.
Validación del índice de Bien-estar Personal en personas con enfermedad renal crónica
Authors: Mota de Sousa Luís Manuel , Alves Marques-Vieira Cristina Maria , Pedro Severino Sandy Silva , Pozo Rosado Juan Luis , Guerreiro José Helena Maria
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: verificar las propiedades psicométricas del Índice de bien-estar personal (IBP) en personas con enfermedad renal crónica en programa de hemodiálisis.
Método: Se trata de un estudio metodológico. La muestra aleatoria es constituida por 171 personas con Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC) sometida a hemodiálisis en dos clínicas en la región de Lisboa, Portugal. La recogida de datos fue realizada entre mayo y junio de 2015. Se evaluaron las propiedades psicométricas: validad (constructo, predictiva convergente, y discriminativa), confiabilidad por medio de la consistencia interna (a de Cronbach) y estabilidad (Coeficiente de Correlación de Spearman-Brown y Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclasse (CCI)).
Resultados: El IBP presenta una dimensión ajustada a los datos. La satisfacción con la salud es lo que más contribuye para el IBP. Tiene validad convergente con Felicidad Subjetiva y Afecto Positivo y Afecto Negativo. Tiene poder discriminativo en la nacionalidad. El a Cronbach fue de 0,82. Teste Re-teste para cuestionario 0, 92 e CCI= 0,95, para entrevista 0,85 y CCI= 0,89.
Conclusiones: La versión portuguesa del IBP es válida y reproducible en personas con ERC, tanto por cuestionario como por entrevista.
La evidencia cualitativa y el cuidado del paciente en diálisis peritoneal
Authors: Carrillo-Algarra Ana Julia , Duque  Salazar Nathaly , Nieto Parra Kimberly Julieth
Published: May 2021

Introducción: La atención de enfermería como relación entre un sujeto de cuidado y un profesional con capacidad para hacerlo requiere que éste último comprenda las vivencias que la enfermedad y los tratamientos generan en la persona.
Objetivo: Establecer interrelación entre las evidencias cualitativas disponibles en la literatura científica cualitativa publicada entre 1997-2014 respecto al cuidado de enfermería a pacientes en Diálisis Peritoneal con las taxonomías enfermeras.
Material y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo en el cuál, previa autorización del comité de ética e investigación, se realizó revisión sistemática de estudios cualitativos en tres etapas: 1. Búsqueda en las bases de datos: PubMed, Embase, CUIDEN, CINAHL, Dialnet, Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud y Web of Science. 2. Evaluación de calidad metodológica por pares independientes utilizando el Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, en español; 3. Síntesis de evidencias cualitativas, que se interrelacionaron con las taxonomías Nursing Diagnoses: definitions and classification, y Nursing Intervention Classification.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 19 estudios que permitieron, desde la voz de los sujetos de investigación reportadas por los autores y homologadas con las características definitorias, formular diagnósticos y determinar intervenciones de enfermería enmarcadas en los 13 dominios establecidos por la Nursing Diagnoses: definitions and classification. Algunos resultados y conclusiones en sí mismos son evidencias cualitativas del cuidado que requieren las personas en diálisis peritoneal.
Discusión y conclusiones: La diálisis peritoneal interfiere en todos los dominios, afectando al sujeto, su familia y su entorno. En general requiere de educación y apoyo permanente para lograr adherencia.
Influencia de la consulta de acogida en diálisis sobre la elección del tratamiento renal sustitutivo
Authors: Cirera Segura Francisco
Published: May 2021

Introducción
Creamos la consulta de acogida en diálisis donde aseguramos la elección del tratamiento renal sustitutivo garantizada por la Ley de autonomía del paciente.
Objetivos
• Valorar la utilidad de la consulta de acogida para garantizar la elección del tratamiento.
• Analizar la elección del tratamiento según la procedencia del paciente tras pasar por consulta.
Material y método
Estudio descriptivo prospectivo de un año. Historia clínica y entrevistas como fuentes primarias.
Resultados
En 2014 iniciaron hemodiálisis 273 pacientes. Pasaron por la consulta de toma de decisiones 175, de los que fueron incidentes 168.
Analizamos 120 pacientes de ERCA. El 66,7% realizó elección en ERCA, 100% en la consulta.
De los 48 pacientes no ERCA, realizaron elección: 3,7% procedente de otras especialidades, 7,7% de trasplantados y 100% de diálisis peritoneal. En la consulta el 100% hizo elección, pasando del 20% al 100% en pacientes no ERCA.
La hemodiálisis fue el tratamiento más elegido independientemente de la procedencia, excepto en el caso de los pacientes procedentes de diálisis peritoneal. Se aumentó el número de pacientes que eligieron diálisis peritoneal tras el paso por la consulta.
Conclusión
La consulta de acogida fue eficaz para asegurar que se realizara la elección del tratamiento renal sustitutivo.
Tras el paso por la consulta de acogida y la de toma de decisiones, la procedencia de los pacientes deja de ser importante para realizar la elección del tratamiento. Todos los pacientes eligieron contando con la misma información, aumentando la elección de la diálisis peritoneal.
Influencia de la Consulta de Enfermedad Renal Crónica avanzada en la elección de modalidad de terapia renal sustitutiva
Authors: Caro Domínguez Carmen , Garrido Pérez Luis , Sanz Turrado María
Published: May 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad renal crónica constituye un problema de salud pública por su elevada incidencia y prevalencia, importante morbimortalidad y coste asistencial. Un aspecto fundamental para el paciente es la elección de modalidad de terapia sustitutiva renal. En este sentido, la consulta de enfermedad renal crónica avanzada o prediálisis, puede jugar un papel fundamental. Objetivo: Conocer producción científica sobre la influencia de la consulta de enfermedad renal crónica avanzada en la elección de modalidad de diálisis por parte del paciente. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica para la que se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos de PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, Proquest y Google Académico. Se analizaron los artículos que trataban la consulta prediálisis, variables que influyeran en la elección de modalidad de diálisis y satisfacción del paciente. Resultados: Se han revisado 25 artículos publicados en los años 2002-2014, de diseño observacional descriptivo y de cohortes. Se ha encontrado relación en la elección de las técnicas domiciliarias con la existencia de un programa de educación prediálisis, la información que ofrece enfermería, la entrada programada en diálisis, menor edad, menor comorbilidad y factores socioeconómicos o estructurales. Conclusion: Los factores que favorecen la elección de las técnicas de diálisis domiciliarias son la existencia de consulta de enfermedad renal crónica avanzada y la referencia oportuna del paciente a dicha consulta, ser joven, menor comorbilidad y la necesidad de contención de costes. Esta elección se ve perjudicada por factores estructurales. Las terapias domiciliarias producen mayor satisfacción en los pacientes.