bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Considerações acerca do Tempo: Contribuições de Bergson e Deleuze aos estudos da performance
Authors: Kottwitz Manolo
Published: April 2022

Este artigo propõe um modo de olhar para a arte da performance através da lente da esquizoanálise. Aborda questões relativas à compreensão do Tempo enquanto fluxo contínuo, a partir dos conceitos de duração e devir encontrados nas obras de Henri Bergson e Gilles Deleuze, tomando como objeto de análise a performance Às vezes fazer alguma coisa não leva à nada do artista belga Francis Alÿs. Partindo da noção de subjetividade como movimento e da atividade criadora enquanto afirmação da diferença e da vida, o trabalho discute linhas possíveis para se pensar as relações estéticas, transversalizando-as também com as filosofias de Nietzsche e Espinosa, além de outros intercessores para tecer suas considerações a respeito do Tempo na arte e do Tempo da arte.
Uma anti-boneca de quatro costados: Tussy Marx e o feminismo socialista do século XIX
Authors: Tornquist Carmen Susana
Published: April 2022

Neste texto, apresenta-se a obra da historiadora Rachel Holmes, recém traduzida para o português, sobre a vida de Eleanor Marx. Destaca-se na  biografia seu ativismo socialista    bem como a trajetória no campo do teatro, no qual trabalhou desde 1875 até o final de sua vida. Neste sentido, sublinhou-se seu papel como tradutora de obras protofeministas, como Madame Bovary e Casa de Bonecas, de Gustave Flaubert e Henrik Ibsen, de quem fez traduções de outros textos dramatúrgicos. Destacou-se no comentário o trabalho que a filha caçula de Marx realizou junto à Federação Social Democrata, à Liga socialista e ao Sindicato dos Trabalhadores do Gaz da Inglaterra, agremiações nas quais atuou em diferentes frentes: educação, agitação e propaganda, tradução e ainda, solidariedade internacional. Além disto, sublinhou-se a militância que teve junto ao socialismo feminista do final do século XIX, tema de seu livro A questão da mulher: de uma ponto de vista socialista, de 1886.
Understanding the Decision-Making Process of Women to Engage in Cohabiting Relationships
Authors: Kgadima Nathaniel Phuti , Leburu Goitseone Emelda
Published: April 2022

Despite the extensive literature on cohabitation, there is scant literature that explores women’s decisions to engage in cohabitation. Drawing on the theory of planned behaviour and a qualitative research approach, this article explores the decision-making processes among women to engage in cohabitation. For some women, cohabitation was preceded by a clear conversation about the intention to marry. The second group of women described cohabitation as an expression of autonomy and independence by rejecting traditionally prescribed conventions such as marriage. When the promise of marriage fails to materialise, some women become increasingly disillusioned and opt to terminate their co-residence relationships in order to negotiate marriage as an option with their partners. This article utilised purposively and snowball sampling to gather data and this was through semi-structured interviews. This data was analysed thematically, and the results show a preponderance of a desire for autonomy that is checked by the harsh persistence of disempowering narratives. Further research is needed to establish patterns of autonomy in cohabiting partners.
After Shari‘ah: Islamism and Electoral Dynamics at Local Level in Indonesia
Authors:   Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia, Nurlinah  , Darwin Rizkika Lhena ,   Ar-Raniry State Islamic University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, Haryanto  ,   Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

In recent years, scholars have considered that in addition to the ideological factor, the implementation of shari’ah in Indonesia is caused by voter mobilization. In other words, shari’ah regulatory policy at local level is influenced by the interests of local politicians to influence voter preferences in seeking votes and winning elections. This article reviews some of the theses by analyzing Islamism and electoral dynamics in two regions which implement many shari’ah regulations. This article deals with the latest trends “after shari’ah” (as being or has been applied), looking for similarities and differences, as it predicts the future by correlating local shari’ah and electoral issues in Aceh and South Sulawesi. The article found that there is a tendency for local politicians to no longer use shari’ah issues as the primary means of mobilization to influence voters. It is also found that the Islamic shari’ah no longer affected voter preferences at grassroots level in both Aceh and Sulawesi, despite the growing trend of public display of religiosity in Muslim societies in general. This phenomenon, while it explains an apparent shift in movement of local actors, it as well suggests a similar shift in the Muslim community’s attitude toward shari’ah politics. Conceivably there is an increasing recognition of the politics of welfare over that of shar’iah politics that is now being massively displayed in the electoral politics in Indonesia.
Remark on the transcendence of real numbers generated by Thue–Morse along squares
Authors:   Tokyo, Japan, Miyanohara Eiji
Published: April 2022

In 1929, Mahler proved that the real number generated by Thue–Morse sequence is transcendental. Later, Adamczewski and Bugeaud gave a different proof of the transcendence of this number using a combinatorial transcendence criterion. Moreover, Kumar and Meher gave the generalization of the combinatorial transcendence criterion under the subspace Lang conjecture. In this paper, we prove under the subspace Lang conjecture that the real number generated by Thue–Morse along squares is transcendental by using the combinatorial transcendence criterion of Kumar and Meher.
Task-related hemodynamic responses in human early visual cortex are modulated by task difficulty and behavioral performance
Authors: Burlingham Charlie S , Ryoo Minyoung , Roth Zvi N , Mirbagheri Saghar , Heeger David J , Merriam Elisha P
Published: April 2022

Early visual cortex exhibits widespread hemodynamic responses in the absence of visual stimulation, which are entrained to the timing of a task and not predicted by local spiking or local field potential. Such task-related responses (TRRs) covary with reward magnitude and physiological signatures of arousal. It is unknown, however, if TRRs change on a trial-to-trial basis according to behavioral performance and task difficulty. If so, this would suggest that TRRs reflect arousal on a trial-to-trial timescale and covary with critical task and behavioral variables. We measured functional magnetic resonance imaging blood-oxygen-level-dependent (fMRI-BOLD) responses in the early visual cortex of human observers performing an orientation discrimination task consisting of separate easy and hard runs of trials. Stimuli were presented in a small portion of one hemifield, but the fMRI response was measured in the ipsilateral hemisphere, far from the stimulus representation and focus of spatial attention. TRRs scaled in amplitude with task difficulty, behavioral accuracy, reaction time, and lapses across trials. These modulations were not explained by the influence of respiration, cardiac activity, or head movement on the fMRI signal. Similar modulations with task difficulty and behavior were observed in pupil size. These results suggest that TRRs reflect arousal and behavior on the timescale of individual trials.
Genetic loci and metabolic states associated with murine epigenetic aging
Authors: Mozhui Khyobeni , Lu Ake T , Li Caesar Z , Haghani Amin , Sandoval-Sierra Jose Vladimir , Wu Yibo , Williams Robert W , Horvath Steve
Published: April 2022

Changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) are linked to aging. Here, we profile highly conserved CpGs in 339 predominantly female mice belonging to the BXD family for which we have deep longevity and genomic data. We use a ‘pan-mammalian’ microarray that provides a common platform for assaying the methylome across mammalian clades. We computed epigenetic clocks and tested associations with DNAm entropy, diet, weight, metabolic traits, and genetic variation. We describe the multifactorial variance of methylation at these CpGs and show that high-fat diet augments the age-related changes. Entropy increases with age. The progression to disorder, particularly at CpGs that gain methylation over time, was predictive of genotype-dependent life expectancy. The longer-lived BXD strains had comparatively lower entropy at a given age. We identified two genetic loci that modulate epigenetic age acceleration (EAA): one on chromosome (Chr) 11 that encompasses the Erbb2/Her2 oncogenic region, and the other on Chr19 that contains a cytochrome P450 cluster. Both loci harbor genes associated with EAA in humans, including STXBP4, NKX2-3, and CUTC. Transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed correlations with oxidation-reduction, metabolic, and immune response pathways. Our results highlight concordant loci for EAA in humans and mice, and demonstrate a tight coupling between the metabolic state and epigenetic aging.
Evaluation of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in patients with HTLV-1
Authors: Pereira Vieira Barreto Nilo Manoel , Brito Farias Marina Morena , Oliveira Cíntia de Lima , Almeida Costa Araujo Weslei , Rios Grassi Maria Fernanda , Nascimento de Souza Joelma , Soares Jacobina Beatriz , Aquino Teixeira Márcia Cristina , Galvão-Castro Bernardo , Matos Soares Neci
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Individuals infected with the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may present severe and disseminated forms of Strongyloides stercoralis infection with low therapeutic response.Objective: To investigate the S. stercoralis infection and the seroprevalence of IgG anti-S. stercoralis antibodies in individuals infected with HTLV-1 attending the Reference Center for HTLV-1 (CHTLV) in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 178 HTLV-1-infected individuals treated at the HTLV specialized center between January, 2014, and December, 2018. The parasitological diagnosis of S. stercoralis was performed using the Hoffman, Pons and Janer, agar plate culture, and Baermann-Morais methods. The IgG anti-S. stercoralis detection was performed using an in house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The HTLV-1 infection was diagnosed using a commercial ELISA and confirmed by Western blot.Results: The frequency of S. stercoralis infection was 3.4% (6/178). Individuals infected with S. stercoralis from rural areas (50.0%; 3/6) also showed S. stercoralis hyperinfection (>3,000 larvae/gram of feces). The frequency of circulating anti-S. stercoralis IgG antibodies was 20.8% (37/178).Conclusions: HTLV-1-infected people living in precarious sanitary conditions are more prone to develop severe forms of S. stercoralis infection. Considering the high susceptibility and unfavorable outcome of the infection in these individuals, the serological diagnosis for S. stercoralis should be considered when providing treatment.
Trends in undernutrition mortality among children under five years of age and adults over 60
Authors: Uribe-Quintero Roxanna , Álvarez-Castaño-Castaño Luz Stella , Caicedo-Velásquez Beatriz , Ruiz-Buitrago Isabel Cristina
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Children under five years of age living in poor areas and with low availability of healthy food have a higher risk of undernutrition-related mortality. However, this relationship has not been well established among older adults.Objective: To analyse socioeconomic inequality trends related to undernutrition mortality in children under five years of age and adults over 60 in Colombian municipalities during 2003-2009 and 2010-2016.Materials and methods: We conducted an ecological study of trends between 2003 and 2016. The study population consisted of children under five years of age and adults over 60 residing in the Colombian municipalities during the study period. We estimated smoothed and standardized mortality rates by fitting a hierarchical Bayesian model and explored their relationship with five socioeconomic area-level variables.Results: In most of the municipalities, undernutrition-related mortality was three times higher in older adults compared to children. Moreover, the difference in the risk of undernutrition-related mortality between municipalities showed a marked reduction. Finally, the poor and less developed municipalities had higher rates of undernutrition-related mortality in children; conversely, wealthier territories had higher rates in older adults.Conclusions: Although in most of the municipalities the mortality rates due to undernutrition in children under five and older adults have decreased, their socioeconomic conditions influence in different ways the risk of mortality for these two populations so there is the need to develop age-specific strategies to close social gaps considering the structural conditions of the areas.
Massive acute ischemic stroke after Bothrops spp. envenomation in southwestern Colombia: Case report and literature review
Authors: Martínez-Villota Viviana Alexandra , Mera-Martínez Paulo Francisco , Portillo-Miño José Darío
Published: April 2022

Bothrops spp. envenomation and its relationship with ischemic stroke has complex pathogenesis. Local effects such as edema, pain, redness, necrosis, and systemic manifestations like coagulation disorders, thrombosis, renal failure, and hemorrhage have been reported. Hemorrhagic stroke is a common neurological complication but ischemic stroke is poorly understood.We present here the case of a 50-year-old male with no comorbidities referred from a rural area in southwest Colombia with a Bothrops spp. snakebite on the left hand. On admission, the patient presented with a deterioration of consciousness and required mechanical ventilation assistance. The MRI showed multiple ischemic areas in the bilateral frontaltemporal and occipital regions. Two months later, the patient had a favorable resolution, although central paresis in the III and VI cranial nerves and positive Babinski’s sign persisted.As already mentioned, the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke due to snakebite is complex but the procoagulant activity of the venom components, the hypovolemic shock, the endothelial damage, and the thromboinflammation can explain it, and although it rarely occurs, it should be considered as a complication of ophidian accidents caused by Bothrops spp.
Prevalencia de eventos adversos y sus manifestaciones en profesionales de la salud como segundas víctimas
Authors: Flórez Fredy , López Lucelly , Bernal Catalina
Published: April 2022

Introducción. Los eventos adversos pueden causar daño al paciente y también afectar a los profesionales de la salud, lo que los convierte en segundas víctimas. Las intervenciones se han enfocado principalmente en los pacientes, pero poca atención se ha prestado a los profesionales de la salud, probablemente por falta de herramientas.Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de eventos adversos y describir sus manifestaciones en el personal asistencial, con el fin de evidenciar el fenómeno de las segundas víctimas en un hospital de alta complejidad.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio transversal analítico mediante una encuesta a 419 profesionales asistenciales de las áreas de hospitalización, urgencias y cirugía en un hospital de alta complejidad de Medellín en el 2019. Se estimó la frecuencia de eventos adversos, y se determinó su asociación con algunas variables laborales y demográficas.Resultados. El 93,1 % de los entrevistados conocía de casos de incidentes y el 79 %, de eventos adversos graves. El 44,4 % se había visto involucrado en un evento adverso, y el 99 % de estos expresaba sentirse como segunda víctima por experimentar dificultad para concentrarse, sentimientos de culpa, cansancio, ansiedad y dudas sobre sus decisiones. El 95 % quería recibir capacitación para afrontar las consecuencias de los eventos adversos y saber cómo informar al paciente.Conclusiones. Con frecuencia los profesionales de la salud se exponen a eventos adversos que pueden causarles emociones negativas como culpa, cansancio, ansiedad e inseguridad. La mayoría de los profesionales que participan en un evento adverso manifiestan sentimientos como segunda víctima. El informar al paciente sobre un evento adverso requiere preparación y la mayoría de los profesionales entrevistados pidió capacitación en el tema.
The first fossil immature of Elmidae: an unusual riffle beetle larva preserved in Baltic amber
Authors: Zippel Ana , Baranov Viktor A. , Hammel Jörg U. , Hörnig Marie K. , Haug Carolin , Haug Joachim T.
Published: April 2022

Elmidae, riffle beetles, have both adult and immature stages that show specializations for water environments. Fossils of adults of Elmidae are already known from amber, however a record of immatures was so far lacking. We report here the first fossil larva of Elmidae, preserved in Baltic amber. To be able to access details of the body hidden by inclusions and “Verlumung” we conducted, in addition to optical documentation methods, micro-CT and synchrotron documentation methods. The larva is characterised by prominent dorso-lateral and lateral processes and a plate-like ventral operculum at the end of the abdomen. The new fossil has similarities in the general body shape and the prominent characters with some modern larvae of Elmidae. The posterior protrusions on the trunk end possibly represent gills, which would imply that fossil larvae of Elmidae also led a water-related life style similar to modern representatives.
Validating an inertial measurement unit for cricket fast bowling: a first step in assessing the feasibility of diagnosing back injury risk in cricket fast bowlers during a tele-sport-and-exercise medicine consultation
Authors: Harnett Keegan , Plint Brenda , Chan Ka Yan , Clark Benjamin , Netto Kevin , Davey Paul , Müller Sean , Rosalie Simon
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to validate an array-based inertial measurement unit to measure cricket fast bowling kinematics as a first step in assessing feasibility for tele-sport-and-exercise medicine. We concurrently captured shoulder girdle relative to the pelvis, trunk lateral flexion, and knee flexion angles at front foot contact of eight cricket medium-fast bowlers using inertial measurement unit and optical motion capture. We used one sample t-tests and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) to determine the mean difference between the two systems and Smallest Worth-while Change statistic to determine whether any differences were meaningful. A statistically significant (p < 0.001) but small mean difference of −4.7° ± 8.6° (95% Confidence Interval (CI) [−3.1° to −6.4°], LOA [−22.2 to 12.7], SWC 3.9°) in shoulder girdle relative to the pelvis angle was found between the systems. There were no statistically significant differences between the two systems in trunk lateral flexion and knee flexion with the mean differences being 0.1° ± 10.8° (95% CI [−1.9° to 2.2°], LOA [−22.5 to 22.7], SWC 1.2°) and 1.6° ± 10.1° (95% CI [−0.2° to 3.3°], LOA [−19.2 to 22.3], SWC 1.9°) respectively. The inertial measurement unit-based system tested allows for accurate measurement of specific cricket fast bowling kinematics and could be used in determining injury risk in the context of tele-sport-and-exercise-medicine.
Historical significance and taxonomic status ofIschyrodon meriani(Pliosauridae) from the Middle Jurassic of Switzerland
Authors: Madzia Daniel , Sachs Sven , Klug Christian
Published: April 2022

Ischyrodon merianiis an obscure pliosaurid taxon established upon an exceptionally large tooth crown of a probable Callovian (Middle Jurassic) age that originates from Wölflinswil, Canton of Aargau, Switzerland. Despite being known for almost two centuries, the specimen remains poorly researched. Historically,I. merianihas been associated, or even considered conspecific, withPliosaurus macromerusandLiopleurodon ferox. However, neither of the two hypotheses have been tested through detailed comparisons or using modern quantitative methods. Here, we redescribe the type ofIschyrodon meriani, illustrate it, and compare to teeth of thalassophonean pliosaurids, with special focus on Jurassic representatives of the clade. Multivariate analyses show close similarities toL. feroxbut comparable structures to those ofI. meriani, including a distinctive pattern of the apicobasal ridges, are also observable in some mid-Cretaceous brachauchenines from the ‘Polyptychodon’ assemblage of East and South East England. While it is likely thatI. merianirepresents aLiopleurodon-like taxon, or is indeed conspecific withL. ferox, which would makeI. merianithe proper name for the species, any such taxonomic considerations are hindered by the fragmentary nature of the type specimens of both these taxa as well as limited knowledge of the dental variability within and between individual jaws ofL. ferox. Currently,I. merianiis best treated as anomen dubium. Finally, we discuss the potential implications ofI. merianibeing conspecific withL. ferox, and additionally provide a commentary on the taxonomic status ofLiopleurodon.
Baseline Survey on Software and Tools for Odel and Digital Learning during and Post Covid 19 in Selected Universities in Kenya
Authors: Mbuguah Samwel Mungai , Njuguna Alice , Makokha John , Njoki Catherine , Ikoha Anselmo Peters , Nambiro Alice , Nyongesa Ben , Barasa Cyrus
Published: April 2022

One the mitigating measures adopted against the spread of COVID-19 was closure of business, suspension of face to face learning in institution of learning in Kenya and cancellation of international flights worldwide. There was also enforced locked down within highly infected areas. To survive educational institutions adopted mainly online/digital learning. In this paper we provide findings on a survey conducted in selected eleven universities in Kenya on the status of the soft wares and tools that facilitate online/ digital learning. The finding indicate that even though the universities had adopted blended learning the soft wares and tools are still a challenge. The Paper recommends the need of the institutions to enhance the acquisitions of tools and soft wares for an enhanced digital learning and inclusion.
PROBABILISTIC MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF INTERNATIONAL ROUGHNESS INDEX BASED ON MONTE CARLO
Authors:   Universidad de Medellín Colombia, Rodríguez Moreno M. A. , Marín-Uribe C. R ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Restrepo Tamayo Luz Marcela ,   Universidad de Medellín (Colombia)
Published: April 2022

The IRI International Regularity Index is a performance indicator that evaluates the functional condition of a pavement structure. Its value is a key input for the management of road assets, allowing to establish the opportune moment for carrying out interventions on the pavement. In addition, it is used to receive road surfaces, assess vehicle operating costs, evaluate the profitability of road projects and establish the cash flow in the financial administration of the project. The IRI data obtained from measurements carried out in the field, feed the deterministic deterioration model that allows future estimations of the indicator and the development of pavement maintenance programs. This research proposes to evaluate in a probabilistic way the model of the IRI International Regularity Index of the HDM-4 program, by assigning probability density functions to the input variables from real data taken in the field. To achieve this objective, a Montecarlo-type simulation model was developed, where roads must be classified by their geographical location, structural capacity of the pavement and traffic intensity expressed in Number of Equivalent Axes. The research results provide the IRI characterized by probability density functions, allowing its estimation from an expected reliability value.
ANALYSIS OF THE MAGNITUDE OF THE SEISMIC WAVES ENERGY TRANSFERRED TO THE FOUNDATION OF A BUILDING
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Moquegua (Perú), Del Carpio Delgado Fabrizio , Soto Chacón Antonio Renato ,   Universidad Jose Carlos Mariategui (Peru)
Published: April 2022

The seismic waves transferred to the foundation of a building cause significant damage to the structure, producing its deterioration and instability. This paper presents the results of subjecting a structure to the effects of the earthquake and the physical mechanical properties of the soil, comparing a theoretical model of an embedded support with the structural dynamics model of D.D. Barkan - O.A. Savinov. Three hypotheses are evaluated: i) The negative effects on the proposed buildings are indirectly proportional to the increase of the seismic response characteristics detected in the soils; ii) The characteristics of the soil strata are directly proportional to the increase of the seismic response characteristics of the soils; and iii) The D.D. Barkan-O.A. Savinov model presents a lower range of embedded support than the theoretical model, which simulates a foundation. Some of the most relevant conclusions indicate that the structural dynamics model of D.D. Barkan - O.A. Savinov presents a more specific range in the reactions produced before the seismic forces, and the relationship in both cases is alleged to be indirectly proportional to the indicated characteristics.
Poluição plástica no litoral brasileiro
Authors: Bouças da Silva David Leonardo , Gil Jaqueline , Nascimento Elimar Pinheiro do , Costa Helena Araújo , Paixão Ravel
Published: April 2022

Este artigo identificou as percepções de gestores de empreendimentos hoteleiros litorâneos acerca da problemática dos plásticos de uso único (PDUs). A pesquisa foi predominantemente qualitativa, exploratória e transversal com 41 meios de hospedagem de 8 tipos situados em 6 estados brasileiros e 11 localidades litorâneas. Como técnica de coleta de dados se aplicou um roteiro semiestruturado e, para interpretação, adotou-se a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que decisões econômicas são prioritárias às ambientais, e não há visão majoritária de relação direta entre poluição plástica e redução nos fluxos turísticos. Todos os empreendimentos utilizam PDUs, sobretudo copos, garrafas e sacolas. Entre as estratégias para geri-los, destacam-se ações de substituição, redução, educação ambiental e treinamentos internos. Reduzir/substituir itens como embalagens e amenities exige mudanças na indústria e no comportamento de consumo da clientela. Inexistência de alternativas com qualidade e preço, resistência dos consumidores, e apoio limitado dos investidores e lideranças aparecem como obstáculos para ampliar e aperfeiçoar a gestão dos PDUs. Conclui-se que prevalece a lógica linear de uso e descarte, em detrimento da economia circular. Não se percebeu variações significativas entre os tipos de empreendimentos e essas se devem mais aos seus gestores. Finalmente, o contexto da pandemia agrava a problemática da poluição plástica, requerendo maior atenção ao tema.
Intenção de usar criptomoedas por gestores de empreendimentos turísticos
Authors: Silva Gislainy , Mendes Filho Luiz , Marques Júnior Sérgio
Published: April 2022

Em um cenário cada vez mais regido por tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC), é comum a presença de diversas formas de pagamentos disponíveis no mercado. Dentre as opções, existe um novo meio de pagamento, as Criptomoedas. Ainda existe desconfiança e desconhecimento no setor turístico para que haja efetiva adoção das moedas digitais. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a intenção de usar Criptomoedas pelos gestores de empreendimentos turísticos, por meio da teoria Technology Acceptance Model – TAM (Davis, 1989), visando dar suporte na investigação dos fatores que influenciam a intenção de uso de criptomoedas. O estudo apresenta um caráter exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de survey com 61 participantes, tendo seus dados processados pelo software IBM SPSS versão 22 para Windows. Para análise dos dados foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas, análise fatorial exploratória e modelagem de equações estruturais. Mediante os resultados alcançados, o estudo traz a reflexão sobre a necessidade da modernização e adequação dos processos dentro das organizações turísticas, em que os empresários precisam estar atualizados sobre os benefícios que novas modalidades tecnológicas de pagamento podem trazer para suas empresas.
URGÊNCIAS ODONTOLÓGICAS ASSOCIADAS À DOR DE ORIGEM PULPAR E/OU PERIAPICAL: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA DENTAL EMERGENCY ASSOCIATED WITH PULP AND/ OR PERIAPICAL ORIGIN PAIN: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Jordan Segalin Cassol Henrique , Catarina Carpes Alexia , Cioato Piardi Carla
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é revisar a literatura pertinente sobre a epidemiologia e tratamento das urgências odontológicas associadas à dor de origem pulpar e/ou periapical. Materiais e métodos: foi realizada uma busca na literatura, por estudos que abordassem o tema, nas línguas portuguesa (Brasil), inglesa e espanhola, publicados de 1969 até janeiro de 2021, nas bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed e Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Foram incluídos 26 estudos, no total. Destes, 18 eram estudos transversais, que demonstraram uma maior prevalência de procura nosatendimentos de urgência por parte dos adultos jovens do sexo feminino. Foram incluídos ainda 3 ensaios clínicos randomizados que abordaram principalmente o controle da dor nos pacientes e mecanismos a ela relacionada e 4 revisões sistemáticas analisadas que abordaram o uso de antibióticos bem como as intervenções realizadas frente a cada tipo de urgência. Por fim, o guideline incluído neste estudo recomendou o uso de antibiótico somente nos casos em que houver envolvimento sistêmico.Conclusão: As causas mais frequentes de dor aguda são a pulpite aguda irreversível, seguida de abcesso periapical agudo e periodontite apical aguda. Seu manejo depende do estado do processo inflamatório e dos sinais e sintomas que o paciente apresenta. A intervenção realizada varia, desde o uso de antibióticos sistêmicos até realização de uma pulpectomia.

Objective: The aim of this study is to review the pertinent literature on the epidemiology and treatment of dental emergencies associated with pulp and/or periapical pain. Materials and methods: a search was made in the literature, for studies that addressed the topic, in Portuguese (Brazil), English and Spanish, published from 1969 to January 2021, in the Scielo, Pubmed and Google Scholar databases. Results: A total of 26 studies were included. Of these, 18 were cross-sectional studies, which demonstrated a higher prevalence of demand for emergency care by young female adults. Also being included 3 randomized clinical trials that mainly addressed pain control in patients and related mechanisms and 4 systematic reviews analyzed that mainly addressed the use of antibiotics as well as the interventions performed in each type of emergency. Finally, the guideline included in this study recommended the use of antibiotics only in cases where there is systemic involvement. Conclusion: The most frequent causes of acute pain are irreversible acute pulpitis, followed by acute periapical abscess and acute apical periodontitis. Its management depends on the state of the inflammatory process and on the signs and symptoms that the patient presents. The intervention performed varies, from the use of systemic antibiotics to the performance of a pulpectomy.
Frequency and factors associated with dyslipidemia among people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus / Frequência e fatores associados à dislipidemia entre pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Neto José Claudio Garcia Lira , Silva Taynara Laís , Silva Isaac Gonçalves da , Félix Nuno Damácio de Carvalho , Maranhão Thatiana Araújo , Maria Coelho Damasceno Marta
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a frequência e os fatores associados à dislipidemia em pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2. Método: estudo transversal, desenvolvido com 45 pessoas diagnosticadas com diabetes e acompanhadas por uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Foram investigadas variáveis sociodemográficas, relacionadas ao estilo de vida e referentes à análise do perfil lipídico. Resultados: a prevalência de dislipidemia foi de 82,2%, significativamente associada ao sexo feminino (p=0,005), ao tabagismo (p=0,002) e ao sedentarismo (p=0,050).  Nos componentes da dislipidemia, as taxas de colesterol total, triglicérides e LDL se mostraram elevados em 68,9%, 57,8%, 11,1%, respectivamente. Já a taxa de HDL se mostrou diminuída em 2,2% dos investigados. Conclusão: a prevalência de dislipidemia mostrou-se elevada nos pacientes analisados. A existência de associação significativa entre a ocorrência de dislipidemia e variáveis como o sexo feminino, os hábitos de tabagismo e sedentarismo chama a atenção para a necessidade de melhores condutas para essa população.
Spiritual self-care of the nursing staff of an oncology hospital / Autocuidado espiritual da equipe de enfermagem de um hospital oncológico
Authors: Andrade João Vitor , Mendonça Erica Toledo de , Lins Ana Luiz Rodrigues , Ramos Diego Henrique Silveira
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: compreender as ações realizadas pela equipe de Enfermagem de um hospital oncológico para o desenvolvimento do autocuidado espiritual. Métodos: estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado num hospital oncológico brasileiro. Foram entrevistados 12 profissionais de Enfermagem do hospital em janeiro de 2018. Os dados foram analisados através da Análise de Conteúdo. O estudo respeitou os aspectos éticos, parecer 2.415.223. Resultados: as cinco categorias desvelaram que o desenvolvimento da espiritualidade ocorre por meio do auxílio ao próximo e ato de cuidar; da interação social e do diálogo; do exercício de práticas religiosas; pela composição de canções; e ainda uma que revelou a negação de práticas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento espiritual. Conclusão: cuidado ao próximo, interação social, práticas religiosas e lúdicas foram apontadas como promotoras do autocuidado espiritual. Sugere-se a potencialização destas atividades, visto a importância da espiritualidade para pacientes e familiares, reverberando positivamente no cuidado prestado pela equipe de Enfermagem.
Avoiding Psychiatric Disability Overdiagnosis, Part 3: Iatrogenesis in Diagnosing Mental Health Work Disability—The Need for Implementing a Comprehensive Psychiatric Work Disability Assessment
Authors: Gagnon Fabien , Kertay Les
Published: April 2022

Claims of occupational psychiatric disability have significantly increased over the past 20 years. This article is the third in a series on avoiding psychiatric disability overdiagnosis. The first article focused on general disability issues and their effects and defined basic terms and models. The second article focused on improving the diagnosis and assessment of mental health disorders and psychiatric work disability. In this final article, we focus on iatrogenesis in diagnosing mental health work disability and argue for implementing a comprehensive disability assessment approach.
The transfer function method reveals how age‐structured populations respond to environmental fluctuations with serious implications for fisheries management
Authors: Sadykov Alexander , Farnsworth Keith , Sadykova Dinara , Stenseth Nils C.
Published: April 2022

Fluctuations in wild fish populations result from interaction between population dynamics and environmental forcing. Age‐structured populations can magnify or dampen particular frequencies of these fluctuations, depending on life cycle and species traits. The transfer function (TF) gives a detailed analytical description of these phenomena. In this study, we derive a generalized form of TF to investigate the fluctuations of fish populations in response to species traits and environmental noise characteristics. We found that for semelparous species, fluctuations in fish stocks log‐size are directly proportional to the recruitment elasticity and inversely proportional to the age of maturity, and for iteroparous species, fluctuations in fish stocks log‐size are inversely proportional to the adult lifespan. In addition to the already known effect of cohort resonance (increased sensitivity to environmental fluctuations on cohort timescales in the elastic range of recruitment elasticity), we find a stock resonance effect (increased sensitivity to environmental fluctuations on double cohort timescales in the inelastic range of recruitment elasticity). These results were then applied to fisheries management. The relationship between fishing mortality and species‐specific variability of fish stocks was formalized. In accordance with this analysis, precautionary levels for different catches were estimated.
Augmenting Digital Nature: Generative Art as a Constructive Feedback Loop
Authors: Crespo Sofia , McCormick Feileacan
Published: April 2022

Sofia Crespo and Feileacan McCormick use AI in their generative artworks. They are interested in natural ecology, biology and the way organisms adapt and evolve in relationship to their environment. The augmentation of their own creativity by AI helps them process complicated, unsolvable ‘wicked’ problems and produces some stunningly beautiful art along the way.
Assembled Worlds: New Campo Marzio – Piranesi in the Age of AI
Authors: Rehm M Casey , Jovanovic Damjan
Published: April 2022

New Campo Marzio is a collaboration between Damjan Jovanovic and Lidija Kljakovic of lifeforms.io and M Casey Rehm of Studio Kinch. Jovanovic and Rehm are also faculty at the Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI‐Arc). They have used AI and game engines to create a new vision for the iconic public space in Rome, inspired by and inputting data from Giovanni Battista Piranesi's seminal architectural plan of it from 1762.
Time for Change – The InFraRed Revolution: How AI‐driven Tools can Reinvent Design for Everyone
Authors: Galanos Theodoros , Chronis Angelos
Published: April 2022

The synthesis of human design inspiration and serendipity and the use of digital tools has been the aim of much architectural research over the last 50 years. Theodoros Galanos and Angelos Chronis from the Austrian Institute of Technology in Vienna describe the AI tools they have developed to achieve real‐time, dynamic representation of design performance and design intent.
An Injectable Antibiotic Hydrogel that Scavenges Proinflammatory Factors for the Treatment of Severe Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Yang Chao , Dawulieti Jianati , Zhang Kunbao , Cheng Chuanxu , Zhao Yawei , Hu Hanze , Li Mingqiang , Zhang Ming , Chen Li , Leong Kam W. , Shao Dan
Published: April 2022

Bacterial infection and excessive inflammation following abdominal injury can cause life‐threatening complications that lead to multiple organ failure and death. Removing bacteria and proinflammatory factors—which are predominantly negatively charged—from the wound site with a cationic, antibiotic‐containing hydrogel wound dressing is therefore a promising treatment approach for severe abdominal trauma. Here an injectable, self‐healing hydrogel composed of the gel‐forming glycosaminoglycan oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS), cationic polyethylenimine (PEI), and the antibiotic tobramycin (Tob) via a Schiff's base reaction is developed. Compared with hydrogels lacking either PEI or Tob, only the Tob/PEI/OCS hydrogels exhibit a large binding capacity for negatively‐charged proinflammatory factors including cell‐free DNA, lipopolysaccharides, TNF‐α, and high mobility group box 1 protein, and a large reduction in bacterial populations in vitro. In a murine model of severe abdominal trauma, the Tob/PEI/OCS hydrogel exhibits good biodegradability and biosafety, reduced local and systemic inflammation and infection, and prevents multiple organ failure, resulting in 100% survival. This hydrogel dressing is thus a promising biomaterial for preventing complications and improving outcomes following severe abdominal trauma.
A Functionally Stable RuMn Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acid
Authors: An Lu , Yang Fan , Fu Cehuang , Cai Xiyang , Shen Shuiyun , Xia Guofeng , Li Jing , Du Yunzhu , Luo Liuxuan , Zhang Junliang
Published: April 2022

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a key technology to solve the serious energy and environmental problems. However, the poor durability of electrocatalysts in acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) environment hinders the large‐scale application of PEMWE. Herein, a robust RuMn electrochemical catalyst with a remarkable durability within 20 000 cyclic voltammetry cycles is reported. Furthermore, RuMn is stable for 720 h at 10 mA cm–2 current density in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution with <100 mV overpotential increase, outperforming the most electrocatalysts reported to date, by far. An amorphous RuOx shell is detected after the OER test, indicating a surface reconstruction process on the catalyst that inhibits steady‐state dissolution. Further study demonstrates that the excellent durability of RuMn realized by protective RuOx can be attributed to strong bond strength of Ru, which is supported by density functional theory calculations with high dissolution voltage. Thus, improving the bond strength of Ru extends the design strategy for the Ru‐based alloy catalysts with considerable stability.
Combinatorial Polyacrylamide Hydrogels for Preventing Biofouling on Implantable Biosensors
Authors: Chan Doreen , Chien Jun‐Chau , Axpe Eneko , Blankemeier Louis , Baker Samuel W. , Swaminathan Sarath , Piunova Victoria A. , Zubarev Dmitry Yu. , Maikawa Caitlin L. , Grosskopf Abigail K. , Mann Joseph L. , Soh H. Tom , Appel Eric A.
Published: April 2022

Biofouling on the surface of implanted medical devices and biosensors severely hinders device functionality and drastically shortens device lifetime. Poly(ethylene glycol) and zwitterionic polymers are currently considered “gold‐standard” device coatings to reduce biofouling. To discover novel anti‐biofouling materials, a combinatorial library of polyacrylamide‐based copolymer hydrogels is created, and their ability is screened to prevent fouling from serum and platelet‐rich plasma in a high‐throughput parallel assay. It is found that certain nonintuitive copolymer compositions exhibit superior anti‐biofouling properties over current gold‐standard materials, and machine learning is used to identify key molecular features underpinning their performance. For validation, the surfaces of electrochemical biosensors are coated with hydrogels and their anti‐biofouling performance in vitro and in vivo in rodent models is evaluated. The copolymer hydrogels preserve device function and enable continuous measurements of a small‐molecule drug in vivo better than gold‐standard coatings. The novel methodology described enables the discovery of anti‐biofouling materials that can extend the lifetime of real‐time in vivo sensing devices.
Powering ≈50 µm Motion by a Molecular Event in DNA Crystals
Authors: Zheng Mengxi , Li Zhe , Zhang Cuizheng , Seeman Nadrian C. , Mao Chengde
Published: April 2022

A major challenge in material design is to couple nanoscale molecular and supramolecular events into desired chemical, physical, and mechanical properties at the macroscopic scale. Here, a novel self‐assembled DNA crystal actuator is reported, which has reversible, directional expansion and contraction for over 50 μm in response to versatile stimuli, including temperature, ionic strength, pH, and redox potential. The macroscopic actuation is powered by cooperative dissociation or cohesion of thousands of DNA sticky ends at the designed crystal contacts. The increase in crystal porosity and cavity in the expanded state dramatically enhances the crystal capability to accommodate/encapsulate nanoparticles/proteins, while the contraction enables a “sponge squeezing” motion for releasing nanoparticles. This crystal actuator is envisioned to be useful for a wide range of applications, including powering self‐propelled robotics, sensing subtle environmental changes, constructing functional hybrid materials, and working in drug controlled‐release systems.
Adaptive Self‐Organization of Nanomaterials Enables Strain‐Insensitive Resistance of Stretchable Metallic Nanocomposites
Authors: Jung Dongjun , Lim Chaehong , Park Chansul , Kim Yeongjun , Kim Minseong , Lee Seunghwan , Lee Hyunjin , Kim Jeong Hyun , Hyeon Taeghwan , Kim Dae‐Hyeong
Published: April 2022

Highly conductive and stretchable nanocomposites are promising material candidates for skin electronics. However, the resistance of stretchable metallic nanocomposites highly depends on external strains, often deteriorating the performance of fabricated electronic devices. Here, a material strategy for the highly conductive and stretchable nanocomposites comprising metal nanomaterials of various dimensions and a viscoelastic block‐copolymer matrix is presented. The resistance of the nanocomposites can be well retained under skin deformations (<50% strain). It is demonstrated that silver nanomaterials can self‐organize inside the viscoelastic media in response to external strain when their surface is conjugated with 1‐decanethiol. Distinct self‐organization behaviors associated with nanomaterial dimensions and strain conditions are found. Adopting the optimum composition of 0D/1D/2D silver nanomaterials can render the resistance of the nanocomposites insensitive to uniaxial or biaxial strains. As a result, the resistance can be maintained with a variance of < 1% during 1000 stretching cycles under uniaxial and biaxial strains of <50% while a high conductivity of ≈31 000 S cm−1 is achieved.
Assembly of AIEgen‐Based Fluorescent Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets and Seaweed Cellulose Nanofibrils for Humidity Sensing and UV‐Shielding
Authors: Tan Fangchang , Zha Li , Zhou Qi
Published: April 2022

Integrating synthetic low‐dimensional nanomaterials such as metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets with a sustainable biopolymer is a promising strategy to endow composites with attractive structural and functional properties for expanded applications. Herein, aggregation‐induced‐emission luminogen (AIEgen)‐based MOF bulk crystals are successfully exfoliated into ultrathin 2D nanosheets. Seaweed cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are assembled with low amounts (0.3 to 4.0 wt%) of the 2D nanosheets to generate luminescent composites. The 2D nanosheets are adsorbed onto the CNFs in dilute water suspensions owing to the flexibility of the MOF nanosheets and the high aspect ratio of the CNFs. Transparent films are prepared by solution casting from a water suspension of the CNF‐MOF assembly. The fluorescence emission of the composite films is enhanced because of the favored affinity between MOF nanosheets and CNFs. Remarkably, these films demonstrate excellent UV‐shielding capacity and high optical transmittance at the visible wavelength range. The composite films also show reversible changes in fluorescence emission intensity in response to ambient humidity. The tensile strength and modulus of the composite films are also enhanced owing to the increased adhesion between CNFs through the adsorbed MOF nanosheets. This work provides a novel pathway to fabricate luminescent CNFs‐based composites with tunable optical properties for functional materials.
Gas Separations using Nanoporous Atomically Thin Membranes: Recent Theoretical, Simulation, and Experimental Advances
Authors: Yuan Zhe , He Guangwei , Li Sylvia Xin , Misra Rahul Prasanna , Strano Michael S. , Blankschtein Daniel
Published: April 2022

Porous graphene and other atomically thin 2D materials are regarded as highly promising membrane materials for high‐performance gas separations due to their atomic thickness, large‐scale synthesizability, excellent mechanical strength, and chemical stability. When these atomically thin materials contain a high areal density of gas‐sieving nanoscale pores, they can exhibit both high gas permeances and high selectivities, which is beneficial for reducing the cost of gas‐separation processes. Here, recent modeling and experimental advances in nanoporous atomically thin membranes for gas separations is discussed. The major challenges involved, including controlling pore size distributions, scaling up the membrane area, and matching theory with experimental results, are also highlighted. Finally, important future directions are proposed for real gas‐separation applications of nanoporous atomically thin membranes.