bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PyramidNet for Automated Medical Image Classification
Authors: Surya BN , Venkatesh BN , S Vijayalakshmi  , Narayanan A Hari , Syed Rehana
Published: September 2024

This paper presents an innovative approach using PyramidNet, a deep learning architecture renowned for hierarchical feature extraction, to automate the classification of medical images for disease diagnosis. The study utilizes a diverse dataset sourced from publicly available repositories, comprising various medical imaging modalities such as X-rays, MRIs, and histopathological slides. Rigorous preprocessing techniques, including normalization and augmentation, enhance the dataset's suitability for deep learning applications. The PyramidNet model is trained using stochastic gradient descent with adaptive learning rates and weight decay, optimizing its performance for medical image classification tasks. Evaluation metrics, including accuracy (92.5%), precision (91.3%), recall (93.8%), and F1-score (92.5%), attest to the model's robustness and efficacy. Integration of the validated PyramidNet model into clinical workflows demonstrates its potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in healthcare settings. This research underscores PyramidNet's role in advancing automated medical image classification, highlighting its relevance for improving disease diagnosis and patient care outcomes
An Insight into Optical Constants of Iron Phenanthroline Molecules
Authors: Fahim Hayder , Jabbar Hashim , Al-Fregi Adil A.
Published: September 2024

In this study, we investigate the optical properties of Iron 1,10-phenanthroline molecular nanolayer synthesized were prepared using the complexation reactions method. Fe2+(Phen) molecular thin films were then prepared as samples and subsequently characterized using XRD and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The main objective of this work is to explore the optical constants relevant to the light-induced spin crossover phenomenon in this molecule. UV-Vis study of nanometer thickness layer (100 nm) at wavelength(200-1100 nm), the distribution of refractive index is discussed in the framework of the single oscillator Wemple-DiDomenico model and various distribution parameters such as single oscillator energy (Eo), dispersion energy (Ed), refractive index (n(0)), and optical absorption based on absorption edges dielectric constant (e¥) using Miller's rule. The moment of the dielectric constant optical spectrum (M-1, M-3) and energy gap by Wemple-DiDomenico approximation (EWWDg) have been computed, as has non-linear optical susceptibility (x(3)), direct energy gap by Tauc relation (ETg), and Urbach energy of the localized states (Eu).
Healthcare Employee Well-Being and Work-Related Stress Factors: Evaluating the Mediating Influence of Perceived Organisational Support
Authors: Sindu Bharathi S. K. , Sujatha S.
Published: September 2024

The exceptional crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic brought about immense hardships for health-care organisations to devise strategies ensuring their continuous survival. The front-line combatants in the COVID-19 outbreak primarily are health care providers. The impacts of mounting pressure on employees, which leads to burnout and greater turnover rates, are particularly concerning in the health care industry. Work-related stress factors and their impact on employee well-being have been the subject of extensive research during the last twenty years. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of information regarding the applicability of these findings to hospitals. This study aims to build a multi-level conceptual framework to examine how medical professionals’ perceptions of organisational support affect their well-being and satisfaction on the job, with a special emphasis regarding how this support affects their ability to cope with work-related stress. We examined the consequences of workplace stress among healthcare professionals as an outcome of its factors and the organisational support offered to deal with the situation and build resilience for better productivity and well-being. Through the use of a structured online questionnaire distributed to 194 employees across various hospitals, data were gathered. The Smart-PLS Structural Equation Modelling using was then applied to test the model fit and evaluate the results. The framework presented suggests that perceived organisational support alleviates stress and promotes satisfaction with their work among employees. This points to the significance of healthcare organisations' responsiveness and support in enhancing the well-being of their employees and implies that these factors are critical in lowering stress and turnover rates in work settings.
Learning Adaptive Control of a UUV Using a Bio-Inspired Experience Replay Mechanism
Authors: Dr. Pradeep V  , Mr. Sreedeep P  , Ms. Srusti Vaibhav  , Ms. Sneha  , Mr. Somesh K H
Published: September 2024

This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the present state of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) applications in Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs). Addressing the persistent challenges related to data inefficiency and performance degradation in physical platforms, particularly when faced with unforeseen variations, the paper introduces the innovative Biologically-Inspired Experience Replay (BIER) method. This approach incorporates two distinct memory buffers to enhance learning efficiency. The paper assesses the generalization capabilities of BIER through training neural network controllers on diverse tasks, spanning from inverted pendulum stabilization to simulating half-cheetah running. Furthermore, BIER is integrated with the Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) method for UUV stabilization under unknown environmental dynamics. Evaluation in a ROS-based UUV simulator, incorporating increasingly complex scenarios, showcases BIER's superior performance over traditional Experience Replay (ER) methods, achieving optimal UUV control in half the time. This review contributes valuable insights into the challenges and advancements in applying DRL methods to UUVs, highlighting the BIER method's promising potential to improve adaptability and efficiency in UUV manoeuvring tasks, leading to more robust and agile underwater vehicle control systems for more robust and agile underwater vehicle control systems. .
Meaning or morphology: Individual differences in the categorization of Kinyarwanda nouns
Authors: Lawyer Laurel A. , O'Gara Fate , Ngoboka Jean Paul , van Boxtel Willem , Jerro Kyle
Published: September 2024

Unlike the gender-based systems of noun categorization in many European languages, numerous semantic categories contribute to Bantu noun class systems. Kinyarwanda, the focus of our study, has a rich inventory of noun class prefixes, but it is unknown to what degree the semantic and morphological systems underlying these noun classes influence how speakers mentally categorize nominals in their language. To investigate this, speakers of Kinyarwanda (n = 46) were recruited to take part in an online triadic comparison experiment. Across 144 trials, participants were asked to identify the item most different from a written list of three nouns. These lists were constructed based on morphological similarity (from noun classes 3, 5, 7, or 9), semantic overlap (from the domains of ‘mammals’ and ‘tools’), or both. Results show an overall preference for semantic grouping in the triads, although the strength of these preferences differed across individuals. This variation turned out to be systematic and predictable: speakers of Kinyarwanda who spoke Kiswahili as an additional language generally preferred categorizing on the basis of noun class, while those who did not speak Kiswahili as an additional language were more likely to base their decisions on the shared semantic domains of the nouns. These data suggest that noun categorization choices in Kinyarwanda can be influenced by knowledge of other linguistic systems, highlighting the impact that learning additional languages may have on first-language lexical knowledge.
Mothers’ Worklives and Marital Status
Authors: Rosenbaum David I. , Mann Christopher
Published: September 2024

Do single mothers work more throughout their lifetimes than married mothers? If so, do these differences vary by level of education? To answer, a two-state model is used to calculate worklives of mothers with a spouse present, in contrast to worklives of mothers without a spouse present. Worklives are generated for women of various education levels. Results show that married women with a spouse present have a shorter worklife than other marital status mothers. Regardless of marital status, less educated mothers have a shorter worklife than more educated mothers.
Online Learning Essentials: A Prerequisite for Productive Learning and Sustainable Development in Higher Education
Authors: Akudo Agbarakwe, Harriet , Onyehuikebue Uwadia, Priscilia
Published: September 2024

Online learning is one of the learning modes that provide open access and flexibility for students who may have various commitments such as work, family, or other responsibilities. It provides students with the opportunities to learn at their own pace and time, making education more inclusive and adaptable to individual needs. The importance of this mode of learning to ensuring sustainable development in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. Hence, the need to see online learning essentials as critical components for the effective integration of information and communication technology in higher education for sustainable development. This era is a technology era with daily advancement and transformation in both processes and products of all operational systems in the world, and the education system is not exempted. Both the learners and the facilitators need training for professional development when it comes to promoting open access and equal flexible learning as prescribed by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for sustainable development in the African continent. Therefore, the core essential components of online learning discussed in this article are accessibility and connectivity, learning management systems, courseware development, self-regulation, communication and engagement, system usability and maintenance, robust learning management systems, and the provision of technical support systems. Among other recommendations put forward are providing training and orientations for online students and facilitators for the optimization of learning outcomes; adequate digital and technical skills are highly required for the attainment of efficiency and effective course delivery.
Assessment of Hand-Dug Wells Water Quality in Apeinumbu Community of Yandev, Gboko Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria: Implications for Public Health
Authors: Ali Patricia , Akertyo Fortress Doolumun , Onah Monday Akpegi , Adimanyi Odeh , Nyajo Alphonsus
Published: September 2024

Understanding groundwater especially hand-dug well water quality in rural communities is a matter of utmost importance for ensuring public health and sustainable development. This study therefore investigated water quality of hand-dug wells and its implication for public health in the Apeinumbu Community of Yandev, Gboko Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria, focusing on physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological parameters. Water samples were taken from three locations across the study area, namely: Kumbur’s Residence, NKST Pastor’s Residence and Divine Mercy Neighborhood. The water samples were subject to standard laboratory analysis at Greater Makurdi Water Works Laboratory, Makurdi. Tables and bar charts were used for statistical analysis and compared with National Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and WHO standards. The result shows that a pH values of 6.20, 6.00 and 6.45 at Kumbur’s Residence, NKST Pastor’s Residence, and Divine Mercy Neighborhood which are below the recommended standards, indicating increased acidity. Deviations were also observed in color, suspended solids, and turbidity levels, with some exceeding the WHO standards. Iron concentrations in Divine Mercy (1.09mg/l) surpassed permissible limits, while nitrite levels exceeded guidelines in NKST Pastor’s Residence and Devine Mercy. Dissolved Oxygen levels were slightly below standards, and Biological Oxygen Demand indicated organic pollution. Coliform counts at NKST Pastor’s Residence (17 cfu/100L) and Devine Mercy Neighborhood (32 cfu/100L) exceeded acceptable limits. The study concludes that water from these wells, particularly in Devine Mercy and NKST Pastor’s Residence, poses health risks due to deviations from recommended standards. The acidic nature, chemical contaminants, and microbial contamination, as indicated by coliform counts, underscore potential health hazards for residents relying on these wells. Recommendations include avoiding untreated water consumption, implementing urgent water treatment measures, conducting community awareness programmes, and regular monitoring of water quality. Strict adherence to microbiological standards is crucial for public health, especially in areas with high coliform contamination. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing water quality concerns in the Yandev community to safeguard the health of its residents.
Internal Factors Influencing Joint Venture on Housing Projects Delivery in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja
Authors: B.T Ogunleye , M.A. Abayomi , O.P Ologunwa,
Published: September 2024

The urgency of addressing the problem of inefficient housing development in urban regions has necessitated research into the drivers of housing project delivery in the construction industry. This study investigates the influence of internal factors on joint ventures in housing project delivery within a specific area. The study adopted an Ex Post Facto research design, a quasi-experimental approach. The study population included members of the Real Estate Developers Association of Nigeria and their stakeholders in the FCT, Abuja, which comprised developers, landowners, project professionals, government agencies, and financial institutions, with a focus on joint ventures from 2006 to 2021, selected based on accessibility, profit margin, and years of experience. Data was collected from a sample of 384 respondents using A multi-stage sampling procedure. Utilizing descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, the research examines variables such as intra-partner characteristics, inter-partner fit, partner selection, contracts, managerial characteristics, and gender parity. Descriptive statistics reveal the distribution of these variables among 38 respondents, while a structural path model illustrates their relationships with housing project delivery. Regression analysis further confirms the significance of intra-partner characteristics, inter-partner fit, managerial characteristics, and gender parity in influencing project outcomes. However, partner selection and contracts were found to have no significant impact. The findings highlight the importance of fostering strong intra- and inter-partner relationships, enhancing managerial skills, and promoting gender diversity to improve housing project delivery. Recommendations for future research include exploring additional variables and conducting longitudinal studies to understand the long-term effects of internal factors on project success.
Eficacia de las estrategias de aprendizaje en los estudiantes
Authors: Paucar Misaico Nicolás
Published: September 2024

En el contexto actual, la educación enfrenta el desafío de evaluar la eficacia de las estrategias de aprendizaje en un entorno caracterizado por rápidos avances tecnológicos. Esta evaluación no se limita a comparar métodos tradicionales con innovadores, sino que también requiere un análisis de cómo estas estrategias se adaptan a las necesidades emergentes en un ámbito académico en constante evolución. En este sentido, es fundamental que educadores e investigadores analicen el impacto de las prácticas educativas en el desarrollo de habilidades críticas como el pensamiento crítico y la colaboración. Las estrategias de aprendizaje significativas, que permiten a los estudiantes construir conocimiento a partir de experiencias previas, son esenciales para lograr un aprendizaje duradero y contextualizado. Además, la adaptabilidad de estas estrategias, junto con un compromiso serio con la investigación educativa, garantiza que los métodos de enseñanza respondan a las características individuales de los alumnos, promoviendo un aprendizaje más integral y efectivo, crucial para enfrentar los desafíos del siglo XXI.
Determinants of Covid-19 Treatment Outcomes among Patients Admitted at an Infectious Disease Centre in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Adekunle Wulaimat Abimbolanle , Salawu Mobolaji Modinat , Obembe Taiwo A. , Ismail Waheed , Fasasi Idris , Bello Muritala Dapo , Fawole Olufunmilayo
Published: September 2024

Background
Although the COVID-19 epidemic seems to have ceased, with only few new sporadic cases seen, reports of new strains of the virus could lead to a resurgence and death. Hence, this study identified the factors influencing COVID-19 treatment outcomes among patients in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Objective
To identify the determinants of COVID-19 treatment outcomes among patients admitted at the Infectious Disease Centre, Olodo, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Method
A facility-based retrospective study was conducted. A review of the records of all cases (932) of laboratory confirmed COVID-19 positive patients, who received treatment between April 2020 and January 2022 at the Centre was conducted. Data was analysed at the level of significance of 5%.
Results
The mean age (S.D.) of the patients was 36.97 (14.6) years, while the mean number of days on admission was 14.87 (11.33) days. Most were males (66.7%). Many (51.5%) were symptomatic at admission, 4% had co-morbidities. The other disease conditions present included obesity, asthma, diabetes and hypertension. At admission, 45.8% had a low body temperature and about a quarter (29.7%) had a high respiratory rate. More than half (63.3%) had a high lymphocyte count, while 41.1% had low neutrophil count.  The case fatality rate was 3.3%. Patients’ occupation (OR = 0.56, p = 0.01), pulse rate (OR = 1.00, p = 0.00), blood pressure (OR = 2.97, p = 0.007) and oxygen saturation (OR = 0.05, p = 0.00) were significantly (p <0.05) associated with COVID-19 treatment outcomes.
Conclusion
Patients’ occupation was a positive predictor of treatment outcomes, hence patients’ occupation should be considered in the classification of disease severity of the infection and subsequent treatment.
Analysis of Risk Sources and Management Strategies among Maize Farmers in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Abu Ogaji , Bashiru Abdul , Mercy NNa Egamana , Gbubemi Tuedogheye Jeremiah , Abubakar Umar , Toluwani Oluwapelumi Oladapo
Published: September 2024

The study examines risk sources and management strategies among maize farmers in Niger State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling techniques were employed to select 180 respondents on which primary data were elicited from the respondent with the aid of a structured questionnaire complemented with interview schedule using kobo tool box. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (such as mean, frequency distribution count and percentages) and inferential statistics (such as ordered logit regression model). The study revealed that rise in cost of inputs (, theft and pilfering (, pest attack (, death of the farmer ( and disease outbreak (were the major sources of risk among maize farmers. Also, farming experience (P<0.01), educational level (P<0.05) and farm size (P<0.10) were the major factors influencing farmer’s risk attitude in maize production. Lastly, early planting (, diversification of income (, local monitoring of weather (, marketing strategies ( and financial strategies ( were the major management strategies adopted by maize farmers. The study recommended that farmers should adopt cost-effective agricultural practices.
Developing national standards for fuzzy logic-based control systems in energy-efficient HVAC operations
Authors: Oluwadayomi Akinsooto  , Olorunshogo Benjamin Ogundipe  , Samuel Ikemba
Published: September 2024

Developing national standards for fuzzy logic-based control systems in energy-efficient HVAC operations is crucial for enhancing building performance and reducing energy consumption. Fuzzy logic, as an advanced computational technique, enables the development of intelligent control systems that can handle the inherent uncertainties and nonlinearities associated with HVAC operations. By integrating fuzzy logic into HVAC control systems, energy efficiency can be significantly improved through more precise regulation of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning processes. This paper explores the development of national standards for the implementation of fuzzy logic-based control systems in HVAC operations, addressing key aspects such as system design, performance metrics, and compliance requirements. The proposed standards aim to establish a unified framework that ensures the reliability, safety, and interoperability of fuzzy logic-based HVAC systems across various building types and climatic conditions. The standards will also provide guidelines for the calibration, testing, and validation of these systems, ensuring that they meet the desired energy efficiency targets while maintaining occupant comfort. Additionally, the paper discusses the potential challenges and considerations in developing these standards, such as the need for industry-wide collaboration, the integration of existing standards, and the adaptation to rapidly evolving technological advancements. Through the establishment of national standards, this research contributes to the broader goal of promoting energy-efficient building operations and supporting the transition to sustainable energy practices. The findings underscore the importance of developing a standardized approach to fuzzy logic-based control systems, which will facilitate their widespread adoption and ensure consistent performance across different applications. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and development initiatives to further refine and expand the scope of these standards, ultimately contributing to more sustainable and energy-efficient HVAC operations.
Keywords: Fuzzy Logic, Hvac Control Systems, Energy Efficiency, National Standards, Building Performance, Sustainable Energy, Intelligent Control Systems.
Community-based approaches to combatting substance abuse among youth: A case study of urban and rural program
Authors: Kenneth Udemezue katas  , Ejike Innocent Nwankwo  , Geneva Tamunobarafiri Igwama  , Janet Aderonke Olaboye  , Evangel Chinyere Anyanwu
Published: September 2024

This review presents a comparative analysis of community-based approaches to combatting substance abuse among youth, focusing on case studies from both urban and rural settings. Substance abuse among young people remains a significant public health concern, with varying risk factors and intervention needs based on geographic and socio-economic contexts. The study examines the unique challenges and opportunities faced by urban and rural communities in addressing youth substance abuse, highlighting the role of community-driven programs tailored to the specific needs of these populations. In urban areas, the study explores initiatives that leverage dense networks of social services, educational institutions, and local government support to create comprehensive prevention and intervention programs. These programs often emphasize accessibility, cultural competence, and the integration of technology in outreach and education efforts. In contrast, rural programs are characterized by their emphasis on building strong community ties, utilizing local resources, and overcoming barriers such as limited access to healthcare and social services. The analysis reveals that while both urban and rural programs share common goals—reducing substance use, providing education, and fostering resilience among youth—there are distinct differences in their strategies and outcomes. Urban programs tend to benefit from greater resource availability and a more diverse set of intervention tools, leading to broader program reach and sustainability. On the other hand, rural programs excel in creating personalized, community-centric approaches that are deeply embedded in the local culture and social fabric, resulting in high levels of community engagement and program ownership. The case study findings underscore the importance of adapting substance abuse prevention strategies to the unique contexts of urban and rural communities. By understanding the strengths and limitations of each setting, policymakers and practitioners can better design and implement effective, sustainable community-based interventions. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of community-based substance abuse prevention efforts, emphasizing the need for cross-sector collaboration, continuous program evaluation, and the scaling of successful models to other regions.
Keywords: Substance Abuse, Community-Based, Urban, Rural Program, Combatting.
The role of peer counselling in addressing substance abuse and addiction in high school students
Authors: Kenneth Udemezue katas  , Ejike Innocent Nwankwo  , Geneva Tamunobarafiri Igwama  , Janet Aderonke Olaboye  , Evangel Chinyere Anyanwu
Published: September 2024

Peer counseling has emerged as a crucial intervention strategy in addressing substance abuse and addiction among high school students. This review explores the role of peer counseling in combating these issues, focusing on its effectiveness, implementation challenges, and the long-term impact on students. The study underscores the significance of peer relationships in shaping adolescent behavior, particularly in the context of substance abuse. Peer counselors, who are often trained students themselves, provide a relatable and supportive environment where their peers can discuss their challenges with substance use. This approach leverages the influence of peer networks to promote healthier behaviors and offers a non-judgmental space for students to seek help, which they might hesitate to do with adults. The effectiveness of peer counseling in reducing substance abuse rates is attributed to several factors, including the relatability of peer counselors, the trust built within peer groups, and the ability to intervene early in students' lives. Peer counseling programs are designed to educate students about the risks of substance abuse, develop coping strategies, and provide ongoing support to those struggling with addiction. However, the implementation of such programs faces challenges, including the need for comprehensive training for peer counselors, ongoing supervision, and the integration of these programs into the broader school support system. The study concludes that peer counseling plays a vital role in addressing substance abuse among high school students by harnessing the positive influence of peers. It not only helps in reducing the prevalence of substance abuse but also fosters a supportive school environment that encourages students to make healthier choices. Future research should focus on evaluating the long-term outcomes of peer counseling interventions and exploring ways to enhance the effectiveness of these programs in diverse educational settings.
Keywords:  Role, Peer-Counselling, Substance Abuse, Addiction, High School Students.
To Improve Students’ Listening Skill by Using Animation Video at SMAN 1 Stabat Kabupaten Langkat
Authors: Maulida Gustika  , Tampubolon Sahlan , Sinambela Erika
Published: September 2024

Animation video is an alternative media to teach listening at senior high-level students. The purpose of this study to improve the listening skill of eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Stabat at Kabupaten Langkat in the academic year 2024/2025. This study used a classroom action research method by applying animation video as an alternative teaching media. The population of this study is the eleventh-grade students consists of ten classes with a total number is 351 students. The sample of this study is 36 students (XI IPA 1). The researchers used purposive sampling to achieve the aim of study. To collect the data the researchers distributed multiple choice of listening test. The finding of this research showed that in pre-test, the students got mean score 43,75. In cycle 1, the mean score is 48,6. In cycle 2, the mean score is 60,5 or categorized moderate. In post-test, the mean score is 75,8 categorized good. So, it can be concluded that the use of animation video improved the eleventh-grade students’ listening skill at SMA Negeri 1 Stabat Kabupaten Langkat.
EFL Students Writing Skills in Using the International Baccalaureate (IB) Curriculum of Grade 11 Students of SMA Singapore School Medan
Authors: Manik Nani Kurniaty , Pasaribu Arsen , Manik Sondang
Published: September 2024

The text emphasizes the significance of enhancing writing skills among EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students through active learning and meaningful engagement, advocating for a student-centered approach that fosters idea development through discussion and writing. It highlights the challenges faced by Grade 11 EFL students at Singapore School Medan, particularly regarding grammar mastery and practice opportunities, revealing that while 62% of students exhibit good writing skills, a notable portion struggles due to limited engagement and reluctance to communicate in English. The study suggests utilizing news media and guided practice to boost motivation and creativity, ultimately calling for more effective teaching strategies to improve writing outcomes. The sample of this study is 15 students. The researchers used purposive sampling to achieve the aim of study. To collect used the Semi-structure interview is a form of Interview. The finding of this research showed that in pre-test, the students got mean score 43,75. In cycle 1, the mean score is 48,6.  In cycle 2, the mean score is 60,5 or categorized moderate. In post-test, the mean score is 75,8 categorized good. Topic writing skills in EFL students by providing one learning topic makes students active to construct meaning, text, dialogue, experience, in expressing his idea clearly at SMA Singapore School Medan
Inclisiran (Leqvio)
Authors: CADTH
Published: September 2024

CADTH recommends that Leqvio be reimbursed by public drug plans as an adjunct to lifestyle changes, including diet, to further reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in adults who are on a maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of a statin, with or without other LDL-C–lowering therapies, and who have heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), if certain conditions are met.
Leqvio should only be covered to treat adult patients with HeFH according to the reimbursement criteria used for the PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies that are currently reimbursed by public drug plans.
Leqvio should only be reimbursed if prescribed in a similar manner as the PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies are prescribed, and if it does not cost more than the least expensive comparator reimbursed for the treatment of adult patients with HeFH who require additional lowering of LDL-C despite maximally tolerated statin therapy. Leqvio should not be reimbursed when used together with PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies.
ANÁLISE DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS E ABORDAGEM TERAPÊUTICA DA FASCITE PLANTAR
Authors: Pereira Kátia Monteiro , Silva Maria Eduarda Monteiro Pereira da , Nascimento Thayza Sandôra do , Evangelista Nabilla Araujo , Siqueira Emílio Conceição de
Published: September 2024

Esse artigo buscou analisar, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, os aspectos de saúde da fascite plantar (FP), como características e tratamentos. A FP é o resultado da irritação degenerativa da origem da fáscia plantar na tuberosidade medial do calcâneo do calcanhar e nas estruturas circundantes. Os pacientes geralmente queixam-se de dor no calcanhar que acompanha os primeiros passos da manhã, após se levantarem. Outros relatam dor no calcanhar após levantarem-se de uma posição sentada prolongada. Em casos de longa data, a dor pode persistir durante os períodos de caminhada e descanso. A sensibilidade apresentada é geralmente provocada inferiormente sobre o tubérculo medial do calcâneo. A FP causa grave comprometimento da qualidade de vida devido à dor cotidiana. Dessa forma, seu tratamento adequado é essencial e perpassa, inicialmente, por terapêutica conservadora com exercícios físicos, fisioterapia, massagem com gelo e uso de drogas antiinflamatórias ou analgésicos. Quando não há resposta  ao tratamento conservador indica-se injeções de corticosteróides e plasma rico em plaquetas para propiciar alívio da dor em curto prazo. Importante ressaltar que a condição costuma ser autolimitada com a maior parte dos casos tendo resolução espontânea em cerca de 12 meses.
INTERVENÇÕES DO ENFERMEIRO NO SUPORTE AVANÇADO DE VIDA NO ATENDIMENTO PRÉ-HOSPITALAR
Authors: Pereira Eduardo Augusto Teixeira , Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Fassarella Bruna Porath Azevedo , Neves Keila do Carmo , Felício Felipe de Castro , Silva Ary Carlos Spacoski da
Published: September 2024

Introdução: Este artigo investiga o papel fundamental do enfermeiro no contexto do suporte avançado de vida no atendimento pré-hospitalar, destacando sua importância na resposta a emergências e na prestação de cuidados críticos antes da chegada ao hospital. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar as intervenções específicas realizadas pelos enfermeiros no suporte avançado de vida no atendimento pré-hospitalar, examinando seus impactos na estabilização e no encaminhamento de pacientes em situações de emergência. Metodologia: A pesquisa envolveu uma revisão sistemática da literatura, abrangendo artigos científicos e diretrizes relacionados ao tema, descritos na última década. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de síntese qualitativa para identificar e descrever as principais intervenções do enfermeiro no suporte avançado de vida pré-hospitalar. Discussão e Resultados: A análise temática revelou três categorias: intervenções do enfermeiro no Suporte Avançado de Vida pré-hospitalar, principais ocorrências que demandam esse suporte e estratégias preventivas para tais situações. Conclusão: Os relatos destacam a importância do papel do técnico de enfermagem no atendimento pré-hospitalar, enfatizando a necessidade de competência e constante atualização para garantir cuidados eficazes e rápidos, essenciais para a promoção da saúde e segurança dos pacientes em situações de urgência e emergência.
USO CLÍNICO DE ANÁLOGOS DO GLP-1 NO TRATAMENTO DO DM2 E OBESIDADE: A QUE PASSO ESTAMOS?
Authors: Sampaio Lara Ventura , Rocha Rafael Sampaio , Cavalcante Beatriz Gurgel Barreto , Nogueira André Marinho Paiva , Obara Andrew Shigueioshi , Rocha João Victor de Holanda , Vieira Luís Eduardo Matoso , Menezes Kalil Gomes , Araruna Filho Luiz Márcio de Almeida , Farias Neto Raimundo Coelho Bezerra de , Moraes Matheus Lavor
Published: September 2024

Os análogos do peptídeo semelhante ao glucagon tipo 1 (GLP-1) têm se consolidado como uma abordagem terapêutica eficaz tanto para o tratamento da diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) quanto para a obesidade, graças à sua capacidade de melhorar o controle glicêmico e promover a perda de peso. Esses medicamentos atuam aumentando a secreção de insulina de maneira dependente da glicose, inibindo o glucagon, retardando o esvaziamento gástrico e induzindo saciedade. Além de reduzir significativamente os níveis de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c), os análogos do GLP-1 demonstram benefícios cardiovasculares, como a diminuição de eventos adversos maiores. Na obesidade, esses agentes são superiores à maioria das opções farmacológicas disponíveis, levando a uma perda de peso substancial e melhorando comorbidades associadas. No entanto, desafios como o custo elevado, a administração subcutânea e possíveis efeitos adversos a longo prazo, como pancreatite e câncer de tireoide, ainda limitam sua adoção ampla. Apesar desses obstáculos, os análogos do GLP-1 já desempenham um papel central no manejo da DM2 e obesidade, e sua aplicação clínica continua a se expandir à medida que mais evidências surgem e a acessibilidade melhora.
AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DE PROTEÍNA DO SORO DO LEITE ISOLADA E HIDROLISADA NA PRESERVAÇÃO DA MASSA MUSCULAR EM PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS À CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA PELA TÉCNICA BYPASS GÁSTRICO EM Y-DE-ROUX
Authors: Ito Ana Paula de Sousa , Chico Fernanda Teixeira Furlan , Souza Sirlei Patricia de , Tondo Maria Fernanda de Sousa
Published: September 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a suplementação proteica e a influência na preservação de massa muscular e percentual de gordura em pacientes submetidos a BGYR. Método: Estudo, prospectivo de análise quantitativa, realizado com pacientes do sexo feminino, com Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) superior a 30 kg/m2, que realizaram cirurgia bariátrica pela técnica de BGYR em uma clínica de Gastroenterologia. A população do estudo foi dividida em dois grupos: Grupo Proteína Isolada (GPI) que receberam suplementação de 30 gramas (g) diárias de proteína isolada e outro Grupo Proteína Isolada + hidrolisada (GPIH) suplementado de 30g de composto de proteínas, pelo período de sessenta dias de pós-operatório. Resultados: A massa magra do tronco, avaliadas antes e após as intervenções, (p = 0,041) apresentou maior redução após a intervenção no GPIH. Houveram reduções significativas no peso, IMC, circunferências de pescoço, quadril e cintura, massa gorda, gordura total, massa muscular, proteína e massa magra do tronco. Conclusão: A cirurgia bariátrica proporciona perda de peso e reduções da massa gorda, massa magra e taxa metabólica basal, independente da intervenção, porém a suplementação de proteína isolada pode assegurar ganho de massa muscular em membros superiores.
OS OBJETIVOS FUNDAMENTAIS DA REPÚBLICA FEDERATIVA DO BRASIL (ART. 3º., CF) COMO PARÂMETRO JURÍDICO-INTERPRETATIVO DO DIREITO
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Nicole Aguiar de , Luna Renan de Melo Rosas , Badr Eid
Published: September 2024

A Constituição Federal de 1988 tem elencado nos seus primeiros artigos uma série princípios que fundamentam o Estado Brasileiro, os quais entre eles se encontram no seu artigo 3º os Objetivos Fundamentais da República que são norte para ordenamento jurídico, para a interpretação constitucional e parâmetros que expressam qual o intuito para a sociedade brasileira. Diante disso, indaga-se: Como o Supremo Tribunal Federal utiliza os Objetivos Fundamentais da República Federativa do Brasil (art. 3º) como parâmetro jurídico-interpretativo do Direito? Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar como se dá a interpretação constitucional por meio do Supremo Tribunal Federal de forma abranger o disposto nos Objetivos Fundamentais da República nas decisões dos casos que lhe são submetidos, por meio da metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica, de caráter descritivo e natureza qualitativa. Ao final, obteve-se como resultado deste estudo a confirmação da hipótese perseguida de que os Objetivos Fundamentais, previsto no artigo 3º da Constituição Federal de 1988 são parâmetros jurídico-interpretativos auxiliando o Poder Judiciário, em especial ao Supremo Tribunal Federal, na sua função típica de interpretação constitucional.
OS BENEFÍCIOS DA ELETROESTIMULAÇÃO NEUROMUSCULAR NO QUADRÍCEPS DE INDIVÍDUOS EM PÓS OPERATÓRIO DE LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR (LCA)
Authors: Algoso Eduardo Fernando Koga , Rocha Amanda Santiago da
Published: September 2024

A capacidade reduzida de contrair o músculo quadríceps devido a cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é evidente no pós operatório, devido ao mecanismo protetor chamado inibição muscular atrogênica (IAM). A fraqueza crônica e falha na ativação voluntária da musculatura do quadríceps podem persistir por anos após a lesão, aumentando o risco de novas lesões e no desenvolvimento de artrose precoce. A aplicabilidade da eletroestimulação do quadríceps pode ser uma intervenção útil para melhorar os déficits após a reconstrução deste ligamento. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar os benefícios e parâmetros utilizados na eletroestimulação no quadríceps de indivíduos em pós operatório de ligamento cruzado anterior. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo, Google Acadêmico e PeDro, utilizando as seguintes palavras chaves “ligamento cruzado anterior, FES, e Quadríceps, com artigos em português e inglês. Os resultados destacam a importância da eletroestimulação  o mais precoce possível na reabilitação de LCA, gerando benefícios como a redução do edema e o aumento da força muscular do quadríceps, porém, este recurso apresenta várias divergências na literatura com relação aos parâmetros utilizados, outro ponto relevante a se destacar é a utilização deste recursos que são utilizados de  maneira isolada, sempre que possível associar exercícios ativos com a utilização da eletroterapia, afim de potencializar os ganhos de força muscular e preparar o paciente para os estágios seguintes da reabilitação.
INFLUÊNCIA DOS HORMÔNIOS TIREOIDIANOS NA FUNÇÃO E NA ESTRUTURA CARDÍACAS EM PACIENTES COM HIPOTIREOIDISMO CONGÊNITO
Authors: Sathler Amanda Ferreira Emerich , Costa Marcos Felipe Almeida , Viana Caroliny Santana , Otoni Mariana Guedes , Martins Lorena Moreira
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O hipotireoidismo congênito é uma condição que resulta da deficiência da função tireoidiana desde o nascimento, levando a um déficit na produção de hormônios tireoidianos, como T3 e T4. Estes hormônios desempenham um papel crucial no desenvolvimento e funcionamento normal de diversos sistemas orgânicos, incluindo o sistema cardiovascular. A influência dos hormônios tireoidianos na função e na estrutura cardíacas é complexa, envolvendo alterações na frequência cardíaca, contratilidade e estrutura do miocárdio. Objetivo: Examinar e sintetizar as evidências sobre a influência dos hormônios tireoidianos na função e na estrutura cardíacas em pacientes com hipotireoidismo congênito, focando em como a deficiência hormonal impacta o sistema cardiovascular e quais intervenções podem mitigar esses efeitos. Metodologia: A revisão sistemática foi realizada seguindo o checklist PRISMA, com a busca de artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science. Utilizaram-se os descritores "hipotireoidismo congênito", "hormônios tireoidianos", "função cardíaca", "estrutura cardíaca" e "pediatria" para identificar os estudos relevantes. Foram incluídos estudos que abordavam a relação entre hormônios tireoidianos e função cardíaca em pacientes com hipotireoidismo congênito, ensaios clínicos e revisões sistemáticas. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos que focavam em pacientes com hipotireoidismo congênito, pesquisas que analisaram a função e a estrutura cardíacas e artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Foram excluídos estudos que não abordavam diretamente a relação entre hipotireoidismo e função cardíaca, artigos fora do escopo pediátrico e pesquisas de baixa qualidade metodológica. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que o hipotireoidismo congênito causa alterações significativas na função cardíaca, incluindo bradicardia, diminuição da contratilidade miocárdica e alterações na frequência cardíaca. Em termos de estrutura cardíaca, observou-se hipertrofia ventricular e alterações nas dimensões das câmaras cardíacas. Conclusão: O hipotireoidismo congênito tem um impacto notável na função e na estrutura cardíacas, com evidências mostrando que a deficiência de hormônios tireoidianos pode levar a bradicardia, hipertrofia ventricular e outras alterações estruturais. A terapia de substituição hormonal tem se mostrado eficaz em mitigar esses efeitos, destacando a importância do diagnóstico precoce e do tratamento adequado para melhorar a saúde cardiovascular a longo prazo.
INTERVENÇÕES PARA REDUÇÃO DA MORTALIDADE MATERNA EM PAÍSES EM DESENVOLVIMENTO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Salgado Laira Bueno Stopa , Vaz Roby Alexandre , Silva Jessica Erculano da , Santos Vitória Siqueira dos , Ferreira Gustavo Mendes
Published: September 2024

A mortalidade materna permanece um desafio significativo nos países em desenvolvimento, apesar dos esforços globais para reduzi-la. Esta revisão integrativa tem como objetivo avaliar as principais intervenções que contribuem para a redução da mortalidade materna nesses contextos. Foram analisados estudos publicados entre 2010 e 2023, destacando a importância de abordagens multifacetadas, como o fortalecimento dos cuidados obstétricos de emergência, o aumento do acesso ao planejamento familiar e a capacitação de profissionais de saúde. Intervenções de baixo custo, como o uso de uterotônicos para prevenir hemorragias pós-parto, também se mostraram eficazes. No entanto, a eficácia dessas intervenções está intrinsicamente ligada à infraestrutura de saúde local e ao suporte de políticas públicas robustas. A revisão conclui que, apesar dos avanços, a redução sustentável da mortalidade materna requer um compromisso contínuo com o fortalecimento dos sistemas de saúde e a implementação de soluções adaptadas às necessidades regionais.
Annual net CO2 fluxes from drained organic soils used for agriculture in the hemiboreal region of Europe
Authors: Bārdule Arta , Laiho Raija , Jauhiainen Jyrki , Soosaar Kaido , Lazdiņš Andis , Armolaitis Kęstutis , Butlers Aldis , Čiuldienė Dovilė , Haberl Andreas , Kull Ain , Muraškienė Milda , Ostonen Ivika , Rohula-Okunev Gristin , Kamil-Sardar Muhammad , Schindler Thomas , Vahter Hanna , Vigricas Egidijus , Līcīte Ieva
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from drained organic soils used for agriculture contribute significantly to the overall anthropogenic greenhouse gas budget in land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector. To justify the implementation of climate change mitigation measures on these lands, it is important to estimate at least the regional variation in annual net CO2 fluxes. This study presents the first estimates of annual net CO2 fluxes from drained nutrient-rich organic soils in cropland (8 sites) and grassland (12 sites) in the hemiboreal region of Europe, represented by Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The study sites represented both deep, and shallow highly decomposed, organic soils, categorized based on the concentration of organic carbon in the top 20-cm soil layer. In each site, CO2 flux measurements were conducted at least over two years. To estimate annual net CO2 fluxes, ecosystem respiration (Reco) and soil heterotrophic respiration (Rhet) were measured using a manual chamber technique, and carbon (C) input to soil through plant residues was estimated. Reco was strongly dependent on temperature, particularly soil temperature at 10 cm depth, but rather independent of soil water-table level and soil moisture. The overall mean annual net CO2 fluxes, calculated as the difference between annual CO2 output (Rhet) and annual C input (plant residues), was 4.8 ± 0.8 t CO2-C ha–1 yr–1 in cropland and 3.8 ± 0.7 t CO2-C ha–1 yr–1 in grassland, while the means for “true” or deep organic soil were 4.1 ± 0.7 t CO2-C ha–1 yr–1 in cropland and 3.2 ± 0.6 t CO2-C ha–1 yr–1 in grassland. Both the annual Reco and net CO2 fluxes for shallow highly decomposed organic soils, currently not recognized as organic soil by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), were of similar magnitude or even higher than those from deep organic soil, suggesting a need to separate them from mineral soils in emission estimation.