bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The State of Health of Female Students of a Special Medical Group: Factors of Deterioration and Educational Ways to Improve
Authors: Golod Nataliya , Tolchieva Hanna , Bilyk Valentyna , Romanenko Viktor , Boiagina Olga , Biriukova Tetiana
Published: September 2022

The article talks about the state of health of girls who receive higher education and engage in physical education in special medical groups according to medical instructions. The authors prove that the health of young people is an urgent problem and a subject of primary importance because it determines the future of the country, the gene pool of the nation, the scientific and economic potential of society. The article has a theoretical character, but for factual confirmation of its relevance in the Ukrainian region, we assessed the physical health of female students on the main indicators of the circulatory system, respiration and functional ability of the autonomic nervous system by conventional methods. The article makes general suggestions for preserving and strengthening the students' health, forming the value of health by reforming or choosing the educational technologies, which are adequate to the modern challenges of society and the needs of the students. The novelty and international significance of the article lies in the fact that for the first time such multifaceted factors of living health have been analyzed. It will contribute to a broader understanding of female students' physical health and issues, from demotivation and gender stereotypes, to the prospects of being healthy through physical education influences.
Soil pressures: an economic and ecological overview of the agricultural sector in Peru (2000-2015)
Authors: Minaya Florez Gretell Aurora
Published: September 2022

Given the development of the different streams of innovation in the agricultural sector worldwide, it is relevant to contrast the progressive vision of economic growth and increase in agricultural productivity with other holistic visions. These integral visions propose increasingly better tools that seek to emphasize human relationships with nature and, by this way, measure their socio-environmental effects and propose new forms of relationship. The following study presents the perspectives of innovation for the Peruvian agricultural sector and applies the Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) which results show the sustainability of the sector, particularly an overview of soil degradation. This tool will provide a quantitative description of the pesticide and insecticide flows generated by agriculture in Peru and, in the same way, it will propose an explanation of their effects on the environment.
Development of Milt Cryopreservation Protocol for Economically Important Minor Carp Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Kumar Aditya , Tamut Hayin , Negi Deepti , Yadav Ajay Kumar , Verma Arvind Kumar , Singh Ajay Kumar , Lal Kuldeep Kumar
Published: September 2022

Background: Reba carp is one of the promising candidates for species diversification in fresh-water aquaculture. It is available in all the major rivers of India. Cryopreserved milt will be useful in genetic exchange between remotely located farms. For using cryomilt as a tool for genetic exchange, species specific milt cryopreservation protocol is required. Methods: Milt was cryopreserved using three extenders (7,7B and 9C) and two cryoprotectants (DMSO and methanol) and evaluated with fresh milt as control. Milt was cryopreserved in 1:6 dilution in French medium straws of 0.5 ml. The feasibility of selected extender and cryoprotectant combinations was assessed by the ability of cryopreserved sperm to fertilize the C. reba eggs and hatching percentage. Fertilized eggs were incubated in 0.5 L bowl and a flow-through incubation system. Analysis was done for both bowl and flow-through incubation separately and combinedly as well. Result: Better hatching percentage was obtained in flow-through incubation system for all the treatments. In combined analysis extender 7 with 10% DMSO as cryoprotectant gave significantly higher hatching rate (44.5%) and (75%) in comparison to control. Better performance was noticed in flow-through incubation system (50.09%) as compared to bowl (39.1%) in the same treatment. Thus, it can be concluded that extender 7 with 10% DMSO (V/V) is suitable to retain sperm quality in reba carp having optimal sperm motility, high fertility and hatching close to the values obtained with fresh sperm in flow-through incubation system.
Detection of Novel Genes on Recessive Heterozygous Alleles in Pig Breeding: A Review
Authors: Tran Hong Thuan , Linh Nguyen Thuy , Le Thong Minh , Nam Thai Van , Bui Anh Phu Nam
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we illustrated several examples of overdominance phenomenon in pigs, in which the selection in favor of lethal genes that generates production traits such as body weight, body condition score and milk yield. We searched the database and literatures on NCBI Databases, Google scholar, Google Web tools. Five novel candidates of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome 9 (BBS9) gene, Transcriptional Adapter-Ada2 (TADA2) gene, RNA Polymerase I subunit B (POLR1B), Ribosome biogenesis homolog (URB1), Polynucleotide kinase 3’-phosphatase (PNKP) are reported to positively affect food intake, cell proliferation. However, embryonic and developmental lethality are displayed in the homozygous recessive individuals. The objective of this review is to show the relationship between genotypes, phenotypes and functions of these novel genes which could benefit pig breeding industry.
Laporan Kasus: Penyembuhan Lesi Makroskopik Anjing Kacang Penderita Dermatitis Atopik Pascaterapi Madu Trigona Selama 30 Hari
Authors: Purwanti Ni Luh Lasmi , Suartha I Nyoman , Suarsana I Nyoman
Published: September 2022

Anjing lokal Bali berjumlah 12 ekor mengalami gangguan kulit dengan skor keparahan lesi sedang. Anjing berumur antara 4-6 bulan berlokasi di Denpasar, Bali. Anjing kasus sering menggaruk tubuhnya, menjilati dan menggigit kakinya selama dua bulan terakhir. Hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium kerokan kulit dengan metode deep skin scraping tidak ditemukan adanya tungau. Kultur SDA (Saburent Dextrose Agar) untuk pemeriksaan jamur didapatkan hasil positif jamur Candida sp. Kultur bakteri dengan BA (Blood Agar) didapatkan hasil positif Staphylococcus sp. Dari delapan Kriteria Favrot, pemeriksaan sampel memenuhi lima kriteria yaitu 85% dengan spesifisitas 79%. Terapi yang digunakan yaitu madu trigona dengan sediaan segar dan sediaan kapsul. Sampel dua ekor diuji tanpa pemberian madu trigona, lima ekor diberikan terapi madu trigona sediaan segar 5 mlL/ekor/hari, dan lima ekor lainnya diberikan madu trigona sediaan kapsul 0,1 mg/ekor/hari selama empat4 minggu. Hasil pengamatan perubahan lesi makroskopik sebelum pemberian madu trigona (minggu ke-0) pada kedua belas anjing yaitu terlihat adanya lesi primer dan sekunder. Lesi primer yaitu nodul dan papula. Sedangkan lesi sekunder yaitu sisik, krusta, alopesia, eritema, hiperpigmentasi dan liksenifikasi. Kemudian minggu ke-4 setelah terapi dengan madu trigona, gejala pruritus sudah hilang dan lesi sekunder mulai berkurang, serta rambut sudah mulai tumbuh. Penggunaan terapi madu trigona sediaan segar dan kapsul pada anjing penderita dermatitis atopik dapat dinilai efektif dalam penyembuhan lesi yang ditandai dengan pengurangan nilai skoring lesi makroskopik pada kulit anjing.
Corruption Challenges and Responses in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Rahmé Marianne , Walsh Alex
Published: September 2022

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) consistently scores in the lowest rungs of global indexes on corruption, integrity and wider governance standards. Indeed, corruption of different sorts pervades public and corporate life, with strong ramifications for human development. Although the DRC is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of natural resources, its people are among the globe’s poorest.Corruption in the extractive industries (minerals and oil) is particularly problematic in terms of scale and its centrality to a political economy that maintains elites and preserves the highly inequitable outcomes for the majority. The politico-economic elites of the DRC, such as former President Joseph Kabila, are reportedly significant perpetrators but multinationals seeking valuable minerals or offering financial services are also allegedly deeply involved. Corruption is therefore a problem with national and international roots.Despite national and international initiatives, levels of corruption have proven very stubborn for at least the last 20 years, for various reasons. It is a structural and not just a legal issue. It is deeply entrenched in the country’s political economy and is driven both by domestic clientelism and the fact that multinationals buy into corrupt deals. This rapid review therefore seeks to find out the Corruption challenges and responses in the Democratic Republic of Congo.Grand level corruption shades down into the meso-level, where for instance, mineral laden trucks are systematically under-weighted with the collusion of state officials. With severe shortfalls in public funding, certain public services, such as education, are supported by informal payments. Other instances of petty corruption facilitate daily access to goods and services. At this level, there are arguments against counting such practices as forms of corruption and instead as necessary survival practices.To address the challenge of corruption, the DRC is equipped with a legal system that is of mixed strengths and an institutional arsenal that has made limited progress. International programming in integrity and anti-corruption represents a significant proportion of support to the DRC but much less than humanitarian and governance sectors. The leading international partners in this regard are the EU, US, UNDP, UK, African Development Bank, Germany and Sweden. These partners conduct integrity programming in general governance issues, as well as in the mineral and forest sectors.The sources used in this rapid review are gender blind and converge on a very negative picture The literature ranges from the academic and practitioner to the journalistic and investigative, and taken as a whole, is of good quality, drawing on different types of evidence including perceptions and qualitative in-country research. The sources are mostly in English with two in French.
Peran Keluarga Dalam Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Stunting Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Desa Kauman RT 16 RW 08 Kecamatan Wiradesa Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Priharwanti Ardiana , Amalia Riska
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Pekalongan district was ranked 4th in Central Java as district with nutritional problems that have not been handled optimally. The result of weighing 10.316 children under five carried out in 2020 showed that 1.631 children under five were indicated stunting. Intervention activities in reducing stunting problem are carried out by team through 2 methods (offline and online) within a month from November 23 until December 23, 2021 in Kauman village.  The offline method is carried out by “door to door” to avoid crowds and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) while still adhering to health protocols. Online activities are carried out through WhatsApp groups, Google Meet, and Youtube. Intervention activities has been done by 5 activities: 1) 3P+S: Placing Clean & Healthy Lifestyle and Stunting Posters, 2) 'EDULINTING' Stunting Mobile Education, 3) Movement for Parents to Understand Nutrition, Stunting Free Children, 4) CEMANGGI (Healthy and Nutritious Snack): Pumpkin Flavored Milk Pudding, and 5) FGD: DWM 'Discuss With Mom' with PARENTING theme. As a result of this activity, there has been a change in the behavior of the local community to become healthier in terms of eating patterns and increasing a clean and healthy lifestyle.

Keywords: Stunting, Pandemic, Family Role, Public Health

 

Abstrak. Kabupaten Pekalongan menduduki peringkat 4 se-Jawa Tengah sebagai kabupaten dengan permasalahan gizi yang belum tertangani secara optimal. Hasil penimbangan pada 10.316 balita pada 2020, tercatat 1.631 balita terindikasi stunting. Intervensi kegiatan dalam menurunkan permasalahan stunting dilakukan oleh tim pengabdian masyarakat melalui 2 metode yaitu luring dan daring dalam kurun waktu satu bulan yaitu pada 23 November sampai dengan 23 Desember 2021 di Desa Kauman RT 16 RW 08. Metode luring dilakukan secara door to door untuk menghindari kerumunan serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan penerapan protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan online dilakukan melalui grup WhatsApp, Google Meet, dan Youtube. Intervensi yang dilakukan terdiri dari 5 kegiatan: 1) 3P+S: Penempelan Poster PHBS dan Stunting, 2) Edukasi Keliling Stunting ‘EDULINTING’, 3) Gerakan Orang Tua Paham Gizi Anak Bebas Stunting, 4) CEMANGGI (Cemilan Sehat dan Bergizi): Puding Labu Kuning Fla Susu, dan 5) FGD: DWM ‘Discuss With Mom’ tentang PARENTING. Hasil dari kegiatan tersebut adalah terciptanya perubahan perilaku masyarakat setempat menjadi lebih sehat dari segi pola makan dan meningkatnya pola hidup bersih dan sehat.

Kata Kunci: Stunting, Pandemi, Kesehatan Masyarakat
Screening Penyakit Tidak Menular dan Edukasi Cardiopulmonary Resucitation di Desa Kranjingan Kec. Sumbersari Kab. Jember
Authors: Oktafiani Lirista Dyah Ayu , Ersanti Arina Mufida , Aziz Ayu Munawaroh
Published: September 2022

Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) merupakan penyakit katastropik yang dapat menimbulkan terjadinya peningkatan beban sosial ekonomi bagi penderita, keluarga maupun pemerintah, karena penanganannya membutuhkan waktu yang tidak sebentar, biaya yang besar dan memerlukan teknologi tinggi. Salah satu contoh PTM adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler. Di Kabupaten Jember, menurut data dari Dinas Kesehatan menyebutkan bahwa terdapat beberapa wilayah puskesmas yang memiliki angka penyakit kardiovaskular yang tinggi seperti Puskesmas Bangsalsari, Kalisat, dan Sumbersari dengan angka lebih dari 100,000 penderita. Kegiatan screening melalui posbindu merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan guna pencegahan dan mengendalikan PTM. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan screening PTM serta meningkatan keterampilan Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) di masyarakat Desa Kranjingan Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu dimulai dengan penyuluhan, pemeriksaan deteksi dini faktor risiko PTM, konseling serta pelatihan CPR. Kegiatan skrining penting untuk dijalankan untuk dapat meningkatan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap penyakit tidak menular melalui deteksi dini, early treatment serta mengendalikan factor risiko sehingga dapat menurunkan tingkat kesakitan dan kematian. Pasca kegiatan ini diketahui telah terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan peserta terkait dengan keterampilan Resusitasi Jantung Paru (RJP) di masyarakat di Desa Kranjingan Kec. Sumbersari Kab. Jember
Edukasi Gerakan 5M dan Gizi Seimbang di Masa Pembelajaran Tatap Muka pada Pelajar SMA Muhammadiyah 18
Authors: Muzakir Haris , Furqon Muhammad , Birwin Alib
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The current Covid-19 pandemic has caused several sectors to experience difficulties in carrying out their activities. This also occurs in the education sector, where educators and students are limited in carrying out the learning process directly in the classroom. The risk of spreading can occur during face-to-face learning. PKM activities are carried out by providing counseling to tenth grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah 18 Jakarta regarding how to use masks, washing hands, maintaining distance, avoiding crowds and limiting mobility (5M) and balanced nutrition among students. Before counseling on the 5M program and balanced nutrition, tenth grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah 18 Jakarta did a pre-test. The pre-test was conducted to determine the students' initial knowledge about the 5M program and balanced nutrition. As a form of evaluation of PKM activities, a post-test was also conducted to determine the increase in knowledge from the material presented. The post-test results showed that participants experienced a good increase in knowledge, regarding social distancing by 70%, wearing masks by 74%, washing hands 84%, avoiding crowds by 89%, limiting mobility by 67% and balanced nutrition by 5%. The expected implication after holding this outreach is the students can implement measures to prevent the transmission of Covid-19, so that Covid-19 cases, especially among students, can be suppressed.

Keywords: Covid-19, 5M, Students

 

Abstrak. Pandemi Covid-19 saat ini menyebabkan beberapa sektor mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukan aktivitasnya. Hal ini terjadi juga pada sektor pendidikan, dimana pendidik dan pelajar menjadi terbatas dalam menyelenggarakan proses belajar secara langsung di kelas. Risiko penyebaran dapat terjadi pada saat pembelajaran tatap muka dan para pelajar belum mengetahui metode pencegahan covid-19. Kegiatan PKM dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan kepada pelajar kelas sepuluh SMA Muhammadiyah 18 Jakarta terkait gerakan Menggunakan Masker, Mencuci Tangan, Menjaga Jarak, Menghindari Kerumunan dan Membatasi Mobilitas (5M) dan gizi seimbang dikalangan pelajar. Sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan gerakan 5M dan gizi seimbang, pelajar kelas sepuluh SMA Muhammadiyah 18 Jakarta mengerjakan terlebih dahulu pre-test. Pre-test dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan awal pelajar mengenai gerakan 5M dan gizi seimbang. Sebagai bentuk evaluasi kegiatan PKM, dilakukan juga post-test untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan dari materi yang disampaikan. Hasil post-test menunjukan peserta mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan yang baik, mengenai menjaga jarak sebesar 70%, memakai masker sebesar 74%, mencuci tangan 84%, menghindari kerumunan 89%, membatasi mobilitas sebesar 67% dan gizi seimbang sebesar 5%. Implikasi yang diharapkan setelah penyelenggaraan penyuluhan ini yaitu pelajar dapat menerapkan tindakan pencegahan penularan Covid-19, sehingga kasus Covid-19, khususnya dikalangan pelajar dapat ditekan.

Kata Kunci: Covid-19, 5M, Pelajar
Edukasi dan Pelatihan Pencegahan Stunting dengan Pembuatan Camilan Pendamping Makan Balita Di Kelurahan Masjid, Kota Samarinda
Authors: Dzakiy Wildan , Agustiningrum Putri , Nugroho Purwo Setiyo
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Stunting can occur because one of the factors is the mother's education which has an impact on the mother's low knowledge about stunting and also inappropriate maternal parenting. The results of observations at the intervention site show that there are still people who ignore the importance of nutritional intake and most of the people have less knowledge and awareness about stunting prevention. In addition, children under five in the area also do not like vegetables. Therefore, this community service activity is carried out with the aim of increasing the understanding and skills of mothers in preventing stunting in toddlers and processing vegetables that can be interesting for consumption by toddlers. The target of this activity is mothers who have toddlers in the Masjid Village, Samarinda City. The activity was carried out on December 9, 2021 through education and training. The media used are leaflets. This activity is evaluated by making direct observations during the implementation of the activity. The result of this activity is that the community begins to understand stunting prevention efforts and is skilled in processing vegetables into more attractive spring roll snacks for consumption by toddlers as an alternative to healthy snacks to prevent stunting.

Keywords: Spring Roll Snacks, Stunting, Food Companion

 

Abstrak. Stunting dapat terjadi karena salah satu faktornya adalah pendidikan Ibu yang berdampak pada rendahnya pengetahuan Ibu tentang tentang stunting dan juga pola asuh ibu yang tidak tepat. Hasil observasil observadi di lokasi intervensi menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat masyarakat yang mengabaikan pentingnya asupan gizi dan sebagian besar masyarakat memiliki pengetahuan dan kesadaran yang     kurang tentang pencegahan stunting. Selain itu, anak balita di wilayah tersebut juga tidak menyukai sayuran. Oleh karena itu kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan tujuan meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan Ibu dalam mencegah stunting pada balita serta mengolah sayuran yang dapat menarik untuk dikonsumsi oleh balita. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah  Ibu yang memiliki balita di Kelurahan Masjid, Kota Samarinda. Kegiatan dilakukan pada 9 Desember 2021 melalui edukasi dan pelatihan. Media yang digunakan adalah leaflet. Kegiatan ini dievaluasi dengan cara melakukan pengamatan langsung selama pelaksanaan kegiatan berlangsung. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat mulai memahami upaya pencegahan stunting dan mulai terampil dalam mengolah sayuran menjadi cemilan lumpia yang lebih menarik untuk dikonsumsi oleh balita sebagai alternatif camilan sehat pencegah stunting.

Kata Kunci: Cemilan Lumpia, Stunting, Pendamping Makanan
Realitas Kerukunan Antar Umat Beragama Pada Masyarakat Dusun Ngepeh Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Maslakhah Umi , Sari Rosnida
Published: September 2022

Dusun Ngepeh Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang merupakan daerah yang plural dalam hal agama, didalamnya terdapat pemeluk agama Islam, Kristen Protestan, serta Hindu. Pada Dusun Ngepeh masing-masing agama memiliki tempat ibadahnya masingmasing, dimana satu sama lain saling berdekatan, yakni terdapat1 Masjid, 2 Gereja, 1 Pura serta 7 Musholla. Di tengah kemajemukan masyarakat Dusun Ngepeh dalam hal keyakinan atau agama ternyata mereka mampu membangun sikap toleran, saling menghormati dan hidup berdampingan dengan rukun antar pemeluk agama. Dengan kondisi sosial seperti itulah yang menjadikanpeneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian tentang Realitas Kerukunan Antar Umat Beragama Pada Masyarakat Dusun Ngepeh Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan lokasi penelitian Dusun Ngepeh Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang. Kemudian untuk teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, sikap saling toleranantar pemeluk agama diperoleh melalui nilai-nilai budaya yakni berupa Unen-unen (ungkapan tradisional) Urip Kudu Tepo Seliro dan Urip Kudu Guyub Rukun. Selain itu nilai-nilai Agama dari masing-masing agama juga menjadi pembentuk sikap toleran masyarakat Dusun Ngepeh. interaksi yang terjadi antar pemeluk agama menjadi sebuah upaya untuk mempertahankan kondisi rukun, harmoni antar pemeluk agama yang ada di Dusun Ngepeh.
Effect of Feeding Fermented Leucaena leucocephala Seed Meal on Growth and Protein Content of Osphronemus gouramy Juvenile
Authors: Ananda Putri Dista , Safrida Safrida , Khairil Khairil , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , M.D. Asiah
Published: September 2022

Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.) is one of the original fish from Indonesia that lives in fresh water and has high economic value because of its dense texture, high nutrition, and delicious taste so that it is widely favored by Indonesians. The results of juvenile cultivation activities have not been going well so far, this is because the growth of gouramy’s juvenile is slower than the growth of other freshwater fish’s juvenile. One alternative that can increase the growth and protein content of gouramy juvenile is to utilize of the availability of lamtoro seeds. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of feeding lamtoro seed fermentation on growth and protein content of gouramy’s juvenile. This study used experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD with 6 treatments and 4 replications). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance Test (ANOVA) and further test in the form of Honest Significant Difference (Tukey HSD Test) at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that P3 with the addition of fermented lamtoro seed flour 40% can increase the growth and protein content of gouramy juvenile. The conclusion of this study was lamtoro seed fermented feed has effect in increasing growth and protein content of gouramy’s juvenile.
Embryonic and Larval Development Stages of the African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Teleostei, Clariidae) in The Ouargla, Algeria
Authors: BEHMENE Ibrahim elkhalil , Bachir Bouiadjra Benabdallah , Attou Miloud , Homrani Abdelkader
Published: September 2022

This study was designed to investigate for the first time in the region of Ouargla, Algeria, the events and timing of the embryonic development of African catfish, C. gariepinus  (Burchell, 1822). The embryonic development was carefully monitored using a binocular magnifier 10 and 20 lenses that reveal details on live specimens from fertilization to the first take of food. The offensive and foul odor continues to be the characteristic smell of the hatching stage. Pigmentation and continuous spread of cephalo-caudal melanophore in fry hatched on the first day. The barely hatched larvae are photo-phobic. The yellow reserve is reduced and leads to the ability to swim easily, and the majority starts feeding on the fourth day. The vitellin reserve is significantly reduced, allowing the larvae to feed exogenously. The events observed in our opinion demonstrate the presence of two exceptionally critical parameters: the use of a high-quality diet and the guarantee of a clean and quality source of water, meeting the standards of aquaculture farming.
Solid Fermentation of Pelletized Fish Feeds Containing Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal to Enhance Growth Performance of Catfish (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Hariyono Cita Mahardika , Sriherwanto Catur , Harijono Harijono
Published: September 2022

Unsustainable use of fish meal as protein and lipid ingredients in aquafeed has driven the search for alternative. Black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) larvae have been widely studied for the substitution purpose. This study aims at investigating the effect of solid fermentation of pelleted diets containing BSF larvae meal (BSFLM) on the growth performance of catfish Clarias sp. Four feed pellets were formulated: F1 (non-fermented, 60% BSFLM), F2 (fermented, 60% BSFLM), F3 (non-fermented, 50% BSFLM), and F4 (fermented, 50% BSFLM). These formulated diets and commercial feed pellets (positive control) were separately fed to the catfishes in 5 aquaria (10 fishes per aquaria in triplicate). Results showed that the fermentation increased the protein level by 10–11%, but kept the crude lipid concentrations unchanged. Specific growth rate (SGR) and weight gain (WG) profiles for fermented feeds F2 and F4 were higher than the non-fermented feeds F1 and F3, respectively. F4  gave the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.78, which was 15–25% more efficient than F1, F2, and F3. Compared to the commercial feed, the 4 formulated feeds underperformed by around 50% in all of the growth parameters except survival rates (SR) which were not significantly different  (93–100%).
Vitamin C Improves the Efficacy of Oxytetracycline in Treatment of Aeromonas hydrophila-infected Juvenile Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Basiru Afisu , Ajadi Abdulateef Abiodun , Ahmed Olayiwola Akeem , Suleiman Kolawole Yusuf , Ameen Saliu Akanni
Published: September 2022

The recent global increase in demand for catfish products has led to intensive catfish farming, favoring Aeromonas infections. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the current management method of Aeromonas infection in catfish. This study evaluated the efficacy of adding vitamin C to Oxytetracycline in the treatment of Aeromonas infection through the development of skin lesions, mortality and serum antioxidant defense system. One hundred and five juvenile catfish were randomly assigned to seven groups (n=15). The first group served as control and was neither infected nor treated, while the other groups were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Seventy-two hours after inoculation, catfish in groups 2-7 were treated as follows: no treatment, Oxytetracycline through bath, Oxytetracycline through feed, Oxytetracycline through bath with 500 mg of vitamin C in water, Oxytetracycline through feed with 500 mg of vitamin C in water and 500 mg of vitamin C only in water, respectively. The treatment was done for five consecutive days. Behavioral changes, clinical signs and mortality were observed. Data were presented as Mean±SD and analyzed using descriptive statistics or One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's Test. p <0.5 were regarded as significant. The cumulative percentage mortality in groups (Groups 5 and 6) supplemented with Vitamin C was 26.7 and 33.3 compared to 90% and 46.6% in groups 2 and 4, respectively. The results showed that adding vitamin C to Oxytetracycline reduced the development of skin lesions and mortality. Therefore, Vitamin C is recommended to manage Aeromonas hydrophila infection in catfish.
Correlation of Density and Water Quality to Cortisol of Cantang Grouper Fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus X Epinephelus lanceolatus) in Floating Net Cages
Authors: Sulmartiwi Laksmi , Aditama Bintang Eka Nugraha Satia , Isnatul Umu Shohifah  , Alfian Rahmadhani Satria Hani Saputra
Published: September 2022

Cantang grouper is a hybrid resulting from crosses between female tiger grouper (E. fuscoguttatus) and male kertang grouper (E. lanceolatus). Cultivation with floating net cages is one of the attempts made to cultivate cantang grouper fish. Problems that arise are the non-uniformity of the size of the fish when harvesting, this problem can lead to a decrease in selling prices and maintenance that tends to be longer. Metabolic disorders in living beings can be caused due to physiological stress and one of the causes can arise from water quality. Water quality is closely related to feeding and stocking density because the increase in feed and stocking density can affect the accumulation of feces to stress which causes slow growth. This study was conducted to find out the influence of density and water quality factors that play the most important role in the stress of cantang grouper fish based on indicators of cortisol levels. Cortisol testing is performed using the elisa method with Bioassay Technology Laboratory E0014Fi kit type. Data are processed using multiple linear regression test analysis that serves to determine the relationship and influence of the free variable (independent) X on non-free variables (dependent) Y. Regression analysis is used to determine the relationship between factors that are causal relationships. After the regression test, then the Analysis of Variance (ANNOVA) test is conducted, to find out the difference and influence of dependent parameters with significantly independent. There is a strong influence and correlation between water quality factors simultaneously to the cortisol levels of cantang grouper fish in floating nets, as can be seen from the R value of 0.546. The most influential water quality factor was nitrite with an effect of 19.7%. The next most significant water quality factor was ammonia with an effect of 37.1%. The indicated cortisol value can be known that fish are not in a state of stress due to increased NO2 and NH3. Density has no significant effect on cortisol because of its significance value above (p>0.05).
A eficácia das normas constitucionais: tipologia ontológica das normas constitucionais
Authors: Amaral Júnior José Levi Mello do
Published: September 2022

A recensão revisita a doutrina clássica americana, italiana e brasileira sobre a eficácia das normas constitucionais, estudando, em particular, os aportes de Thomas Cooley, Rui Barbosa, Pontes de Miranda, Vezio Crisafulli, Meirelles Teixeira e José Afonso da Silva. A seguir, a recensão destaca a diferença entre implementação e aplicação da Constituição, segundo exposta por Massimo Luciani a partir de uma antiga decisão da Corte Constitucional italiana: a primeira (implementação) realiza a Constituição segundo as cadências e prioridades da política e cabe ao Legislador, enquanto a segunda (aplicação) faz valer a supremacia das normas constitucionais e cabe ao Juiz Constitucional. Por fim, a recensão sugere uma classificação – que pretende ser simples, objetiva e empírica – das normas constitucionais, inspirada na célebre classificação ontológica das Constituições, de Karl Loewenstein: normas constitucionais já executadas ou em execução e normas constitucionais ainda não executadas.
Legalitas Pergantian Kekuasaan Di Afganistan Melalui Coup D’etat Oleh Taliban Menurut Hukum Internasional
Authors: Nur Heriyanto Dodik Setiawan
Published: September 2022

Since the US withdrew all its military forces, the Taliban as one of the ultra-conservative factions managed to hold control of all Afghanistan. The dominance of the Taliban's power has peaked since the coup d'etat (coup) of the legitimate government in power under President Ashraf Ghani. The international community condemns the coup act and fears the Taliban leadership will pursue policies that are incompatible with human rights values. For this reason, this study examines the legality of the coup act carried out by the Taliban according to international law. In addition, this study will also analyze how the government under the control of the Taliban can gain recognition from other countries so that it can be used as a modality for establishing international relations. By using normative legal research, this study concludes that to determine the legality of the coup carried out by the Taliban, it is very dependent on the constitutionality of the coup according to Afghan law, their effective control, and their compliance with international law. Although the recognition is still ambiguous in practice, the Afghan government under the Taliban needs it to be actively involved in international relations
Kebijakan Pembangunan Infrastruktur Liquified Natural Gas Untuk Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Energi Listrik
Authors: Yuniza Mailinda Eka , Inggarwati Melodia Puji
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the policy of fulfilling electrical energy in Indonesia and the policy of developing liquified natural gas (LNG) infrastructure in the fulfillment of electrical energy in Indonesia. The method used in this research is normative research so that the data used is secondary data collected through literature study. The results of the study conclude that first, the laws and regulations related to electricity in Indonesia are described in several electricity policies including the General Plan for the Provision of Electricity (RUPTL). The electricity policy currently being worked on by the government is the 35 GW Electricity Development Program based on the 2019-2028 RUPTL. Second, electricity infrastructure development policies are spread across various laws and regulations and decisions. The LNG infrastructure development policy itself is contained in the Decree of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 13K/13/MEM/2020 on the Assignment of the Implementation of the Supply and Development of LNG Infrastructure and the Conversion of the Use of Oil Fuel with LNG in the Provision of Electric Power. This policy encourages the development of LNG infrastructure and has an impact on accelerating development towards meeting the needs of electrical energy, especially for eastern Indonesia. The challenge is that there are still LNG export commitments with other countries that have the potential to hinder the fulfillment of domestic LNG needs.
Perlindungan Hukum Tenaga Kerja Dengan Sistem Outsourcing Di Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Wiwin Budi , Andani Devi
Published: September 2022

The problem brought up in this research is the implementation of legal protection for outsourcing workers is still minimal, especially with the enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation, which is considered to be increasingly legalizing outsourcing. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal protection for outsourced workers in Indonesia. This is a normative juridical research which utilises statutory and conceptual approaches. The source of the research is secondary data in which the analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the study conclude that legal protection for outsourced workers in Indonesia is regulated in Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation. Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation removes the provisions of Article 64 and Article 65 of Law Number 13 of 2003 on Manpower. Article 66 of the Job Creation Law does not include restrictions on jobs that are prohibited from being carried out by outsourced workers, whereas in Article 65 paragraph (2) of the Manpower Law previously it was regulated regarding jobs that could be handed over to other companies. Other provisions allow no time limit for workers which allows workers to be outsourced indefinitely or even for life. The provisions in the Employment Creation Law that protect the rights of outsourced workers are still regulated in Article 66 paragraph (5) of the Job Creation Law related to wages, welfare, working conditions, disputes that arise are the responsibility of the outsourcing company.
Islamic Spiritual (Rohis) Activities in Preventing and Overcoming Student Radicalism in School Institutions
Authors: Zafi Ashif Az , Assegaf Abd Rachman , Kailani Najib
Published: September 2022

This study aims to discover the reasons for the culture of peace instilled in Islamic spiritual (rohis) activists and the role of rohis activists in cultivating a culture of peace. This field research took place in SMA Negeri 1 Purworejo. This qualitative research seeks to describe the data from the field related to the discussion. This research focuses on the implementation of rohis activities. To get the data, data collection techniques were conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. All data were then analyzed in stages: reducing the data, presenting the data, and concluding the research results. Meanwhile, the data validity was checked by triangulation in two modes: multiple sources and methods. This study concluded that (1) the reasons for instilling the character of a culture of peace in rohis activists is that the teachings of Islam practiced are intolerant and contradict the values taken from the history of the school. (2) The role of rohis activists in cultivating a culture of peace was carried out in two steps, i.e., preventing the entry of intolerance and constructing new knowledge. This construction of new knowledge was conducted by internalizing the attitude of a culture of peace. The method was done using lectures, practice, and dialogue.
Blended Learning as Solution in Character Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Masturin Masturin , Zaman Wahyu Khoiruz
Published: September 2022

The learning process during the COVID-19 period has experienced a distortion in the learning quality, which resulted in less-than-optimal learning outcomes. It is because online learning can only convey material in the cognition aspect. Thus, a learning strategy is needed to convey material in the cognition, affection, and psychomotor aspects, one of which is blended learning. For this reason, this study aims to describe and analyze the blended learning model applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study design, while the informants were determined by purposive sampling. The data collection techniques employed were in-depth interviews, participant observation, documentation, and focus group discussions. Checking the data validity was carried out by extending the researcher's presence in the field, deepening observations, triangulation, peer discussion, member checking, transferability, dependency, and confirmability. This study’s results revealed that the blended learning model during the COVID-19 period was effective in the learning process because it combined online and face-to-face learning methods. Then, this study suggests that the learning process must be well designed, including during the COVID-19 period, with the hope of making students comfortable and optimal learning outcomes.
AOA Critical Issues Symposium: I Have an Idea…Now What?
Authors: Suk Michael , Friedman Lisa G.M. , Antoniou John , Cochrane Sandra
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this symposium was to provide guidance to innovators as they progress from the idea stage to the product development stage,to the issuing of a patent, and to bringing a product or innovation to market. Finding strategic partnerships is a critical component in taking a good idea and turning it into a successful business. Protecting intellectual property through patents and developing an exit strategy are also important parts of making innovation profitable. We strive to empower our colleagues who are pursuing and commercializing ideas to help impact the health-care system at large.
Marker-Based Method for Analyzing the Three-Dimensional Upper Body Kinematics of Violinists: Reproducibility
Authors: Wolf Eduard , Möller Dirk , Ballenberger Nikolasus , Morisse Karsten , Zalpour Christoff
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Recently, Wolf et al. proposed a novel, marker-based method to analyze the three-dimensional upper-body kinematics of high string players for clinical application. The method provides an objective evaluation of high string players’ motor strategies, especially in the
shoulder complex, by distinguishing between the scapulothoracic (ST) and glenohumeral (GH) joints, while minimizing skin movement artifacts, marker occlusions, and limitations due to instrument placement. Nevertheless, reproducibility of kinematic measurements is crucial for clinical applications.
The aim of this study was to assess the method’s reproducibility in terms of reliability and repeatability. METHODS: One healthy professional violinist underwent a total of nine bowing trials in three different laboratory sessions. Each trial was conducted by one of two different examiners.
A biomechanical model was applied to motion capture data of the pelvis, thorax, spine, and head, as well as both upper limbs (consisting of the scapula, upper arm, forearm and hand). Reproducibility was assessed by calculating inter- and intra-tester, inter-session, and intra-subject measurement
errors for each rotational degree of freedom in the upper-body segments and joints. FINDINGS: Small measurement errors were accepted to be good indicators for reproducibility. Intra- and inter-tester errors were found to be small (< 3° for the most part). Both inter-session and intra-subject
repeatability were found to be larger (< 5° for the most part). INTERPRETATION: This study generally showed the novel, marker-based method to have good reproducibility for a healthy violinist. This indicates that the proposed method is a reliable tool for quantifying upper-body movements
during violin playing across subjects, examiners, laboratories, and motion capture systems.
Geochronology of Cambrian Sedimentary and Volcanic Rocks in the Illinois Basin: Defining the Illinois Aulacogen
Authors: Freiburg Jared T. , Malone David , Huisman Matthew
Published: September 2022

The Wabash #1 well, drilled for the Wabash CarbonSAFE Project and located in Vigo County, Indiana, USA, was drilled in early 2020 as a stratigraphic test well to characterize and evaluate the basal Cambrian Mt. Simon Sandstone for carbon dioxide storage (TD=8750 ft; 2667 m). The Wabash #1 well is located along the eastern flank of a newly interpreted Cambrian aulacogen that occurs in western Indiana and eastern Illinois. Here we present 938 new detrital zircon U-Pb ages (LA-ICPMS) from early Cambrian sandstones sampled near the base of the well. A basalt lava flow was penetrated at ~8530 ft (2600 m) and has an 40Ar/39Ar age of 525.03 +/- 1.10 Ma, which represents the first known Cambrian crust in the Illinois Basin. The two sandstone samples from beneath the basalt are dominated by zircons derived from the Midcontinent Granite-Rhyolite terrane. The sandstone samples from above the basalt reflect a mixture of these locally derived Mazatzal and Granite-Rhyolite terrane zircons, but also distal Archean, Grenville, and Yavapai zircons. Each sample has small numbers of Cambrian zircons, which is consistent with those in basal Cambrian sandstones in other deep wells to the west. These early Cambrian detrital zircons and early Cambrian age of the basalt, combined with sediment thickness patterns permit the interpretation of the Illinois aulacogen, which formed during the final stage of Rodinian rifting.
Quantitative analysis of crevasse-splay systems from modern fluvial settings
Authors: Rahman M. Mostafizur , Howell John A. , MacDonald David I.M.
Published: September 2022

Although crevasse splays are a common constituent of many fluvial and fluvio-deltaic systems, they remain less well understood than the channel deposits in those settings, especially with respect to controls on their occurrence, distribution, and geometry. The current study aims to redress this balance and investigate controls on 1) splay formation and occurrence and 2) splay size and geometry. The study has used Google Earth-based satellite imagery to examine crevasse-splay deposits from eight modern fluvial systems. A total of 1556 crevasse splays were identified using imagery from 1984 to 2020. Most of the splays (c. 70%) occur on the outer sinuous river bank with offtake angles ranging from 10° to 140° (mean 75°) to the channel flow direction. Three different types of splays have been identified: i) single crevasse splays, ii) laterally amalgamated crevasse splays, and iii) crevasse-splay complexes. The areal extent of splay bodies varies widely and ranges from less than 1 km2 up to 221 km2. The single crevasse splays are the primary and smallest form of splay, with an average area of 0.61 km2. Compensational stacking or progradation significantly increase the splay area and form laterally amalgamated splays and splay complexes, respectively. The average areal extent of laterally amalgamated splays is 1.33 km2, and of splay complexes, 39 km2.

The climate, discharge, floodplain morphology, vegetation, trunk channel slope, sinuosity, and sediment load primarily control the occurrence, geometry, and dimensions of crevasse splays. Results demonstrate that sparse or no floodplain vegetation favors the formation of elongated tongue-shaped crevasse splays while densely vegetated floodplains produce more lobate splays. The highest splay frequency occurs in systems where the river experiences sudden high magnitude variation in discharge, has a low cross-sectional area, and noncohesive bank materials. Larger splay size is correlated with lower river slope angles and higher sinuosity, discharge, and floodplain relief. Channel size has little influence on the extent of splays. This work suggests that autogenic factors such as trunk-channel slope and sinuosity are more influential in arid–semiarid settings while allogenic factors such as discharge are important in temperate–equatorial settings.