bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Through the Looking Glass: Windows to ‘Cities in the Luso-Hispanic World’
Authors: Masterson-Algar Araceli , Vilaseca Stephen Luis
Published: August 2017

This editorial opens the special issue of the Journal of Urban Cultural Studies titled ‘Cities in the Luso-Hispanic World’ by suggesting that these introductory pages are transparent panes of glass on a vehicle of transportation passing through and linking the research articles that make up this special volume. The editorial’s narrative movement is not unlike that of a car driving through the urban spaces of a city, and the eight authors’ analyses are not unlike the moving images of cityscapes flashing before the car’s windows. The above metaphor of the narration as a ride through urban space serves to situate a variety of topics (movement, visibility, images, representations, rhythms, noise, heritage, reified capital in the form of buildings, and circulation of people and cultural products) as part and parcel of specific urban contexts, including Lisbon (Portugal), Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (Brazil), Mexico City (Mexico), and Madrid and Córdoba (Spain) through poetry, novels, film, sound and architecture. Running through each contribution is the ongoing enquiry on how urban processes manifest culturally in Luso-Hispanic regions, and at a variety of scales, with special attention to bodies moving in, through, and around specific urban centres.
‘La Callejera’: Streetwalks through Minas Gerais in Autran Dourado’s Uma vida em segredo (1964)
Authors: Masterson-Algar Araceli
Published: August 2017

This article offers an analysis of Autran Dourado’s short novel Uma vida em segredo (1964), and specifically of its protagonist, Biela. Inseparable from the ideological structures of her specific social location in the state of Minas Gerais at the turn of the twentieth century, Biela gradually becomes what Maria Lugones defines as ‘la callejera’, a female streetwalker of tactical, strategic and active subjectivity. Bielare rearticulates dichotomies of domination and subdual at multiple scales (body, house, city, region, nation) to reveal human experience as ‘grounded’ in specific time and place, and part and parcel of urban processes spanning from the Velha República at the turn of the twentieth century to the start of the dictatorship marking the novel’s publication in 1964.
‘Art in Transit’: A pedagogic approach
Authors: Mistry Arzu
Published: August 2017

This article shares the impetus, processes, dilemmas, and research of Art in Transit, a pedagogic project. The project is facilitated by faculty at the Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology, and focuses on contemporary art and design education and its relationship to place, in this case, Bangalore. The article details the research pursuits that stem from the challenges of praxis in situ, surfacing tensions that arise from engagement with communities, government agencies, education guidelines, and participating city, national and international artists. Projects by students and collaborating artists are shared as examples to illustrate and counter the binaries that emerge, for example, place and practice, or activism and gentrification. The project is framed within the worlds of Critical Pedagogy, Place-Based Education and Public Pedagogy.
Shaping audiences with care
Authors: Jahn Marisa Morán , Coombs Gretchen
Published: August 2017

Socially engaged artistic explorations often involve changing tactics and pivoting quickly to achieve their goals and reach their intended audience. The artwork of Studio REV- takes the form of sculptures, film, videos, prints, installations, dance, interactive media and performance that address the challenges and opportunities impacting the lives of low-wage workers, immigrants, teens and women. One of Studio REV-’s largest projects is the CareForce, a transmedia public artwork and two mobile studios (NannyVan and the CareForce One) that amplifies the voices of America’s fastest growing workforce, caregivers – and the diverse people who are championing the growing national movement for domestic worker justice. With the CareForce as a case study, this conversation between writer Gretchen Coombs and artist Marisa Morán Jahn, founder of Studio REV- and lead artist of the CareForce, consider how formal and informal pedagogical strategies activate an audience. Audience in this context can be a public, a community, or something more narrowly defined – as in the case of the CareForce – as domestic workers and domestic employers. First, however, is a brief description.
RE: ASSEMBLY: Notes on a long-term school-based art project
Authors: Sember Robert
Published: August 2017

In 2009 the sound art collective Ultra-red initiated RE: ASSEMBLY, a long-term collaboration with students and teachers in a high school in the City of Westminster, London. During extended residencies over four years, Ultra-red facilitated an inquiry into the impact on the school of migration and immigration policy in the UK and the country’s changing conceptions of citizenship, specifically the distinction between ‘social citizenship’ and ‘state citizenship.’ Ultra-red were active in the school and helped develop large-scale cross-curricula interdisciplinary interventions. Additional inquiries into the political economy of key neighbourhoods in London involved small groups of students. RE: ASSEMBLY was commissioned as part of the Serpentine Gallery’s ‘Edgware Road Project’ and was housed in its off-site Centre for Possible Studies. The processes and outcomes of the project are discussed in relation to both the pedagogical turn in art and the emerging genre of social practice, including the tensions between disciplinary-based curricula, individualized and technique-based art education, and collaborative investigations rooted in historically and politically specific contexts.
Lessons from Utopia
Authors: Duncombe Stephen , Lambert Steve
Published: August 2017

Over the past decade the Center for Artistic Activism has trained over 1000 activists and artists from around the world how to be more creative in their activist work and strategic in their artistic practice. Central to this training is the concept of Utopia. This article explains how Thomas More’s Utopia was designed not as a plan of an ideal society, but as a prompt to stimulate the reader’s own political imagination. It is argued that Utopia is essential for social movements, and can be used to demonstrate another world could be possible, as a means to critique the present society, as a method to generate new models of society, as a tool to orient movement towards a goal, and as a way to motivate others into joining the struggle for social change. The liabilities of the artistic activist use of dystopia are also discussed.
EMERGENYC: Fostering a brave space for emerging artists in New York City
Authors: Ramírez-Cancio Marlène
Published: August 2017

The Hemispheric Institute at New York University launched EMERGENYC in 2008 as an incubator for emerging artists working at the intersection of performance and politics. Offering varied entry points into art and activism, the annual programme prioritizes process, discovery and reflection, fostering a ‘brave space’ for experimentation and risk-taking. During the past nine years, it has activated a strong network of local artivists – many of them from traditionally underrepresented communities – who have built solidarity across differences and who continue to challenge dominant narratives through artistic cultural resistance.
Leitura da canção: uma proposta interativo-discursiva
Authors: Filho Juarez Serpa , Pereira Jaquelânia Aristides
Published: August 2017

RESUMO: Este artigo consiste numa proposta de leitura da canção sob o enfoque interativo-discursivo, fundamentada nos estudos sociointeracionistas de Bakhtin (2003, 2014), na abordagem semiótica da canção de Tatit (1997, 2002, 2004) e nos estudos de Costa (2001, 2003) sobre a natureza desse gênero e seu ensino, com o objetivo de contribuir para a formação de leitores críticos do gênero canção na escola. Trata-se de uma proposta de intervenção pedagógica aplicada em dois níveis de ensino da educação pública do estado do Ceará: no Ensino Fundamental II, em Fortaleza, e na graduação, junto a alunos de cursos de licenciatura em Quixadá.
Práticas de leitura em sala de aula e sua relação com as concepções de leitura do SAEB
Authors: Aquino Maria de Fátima Souza , Sarinho Júnior José Maria De Aguiar , Sarinho Júnior José Maria De Aguiar
Published: August 2017

Esta pesquisa visa analisar, em turmas de 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de duas escolas públicas do município de Orobó/PE, como e com que frequência são ativadas, pelo aluno, as estratégias de leitura durante as práticas leitoras. O trabalho com leitura em sala de aula tem sido um tema bastante discutido por pesquisadores nas últimas décadas. Esses estudos vêm enfatizar que o ensino da leitura, particularmente, deve assumir uma postura de destaque nas aulas de língua materna, tornando o aluno/leitor sujeito do processo. Para tanto, a pesquisa fundamenta-se à luz das considerações de Antunes (2009), Foucambert (2008), Kleiman (2013a, 2013b), Koch (2009, 2013), Leffa (1996), Liberato e Fulgêncio (2012), Marcuschi (2008), Rojo (2009) e Solé (1998), dentre outros. Esta pesquisa compreende os seguintes momentos: (i) aplicação de um questionário sobre as estratégias de leitura utilizadas pelos alunos; (ii) aplicação de duas avaliações cujas questões foram elaboradas com base nos Descritores da Prova Brasil; (iii) observação de aulas de leitura dos professores colaboradores da pesquisa e (iv) intervenção em sala, pelo professor pesquisador, por meio de uma Sequência Didática, contemplando gêneros textuais previamente selecionados para atividades de leitura. Por último, a análise dos dados compara o desempenho dos alunos nas duas avaliações. Os resultados demonstraram que é possível promover o ensino da leitura a partir das estratégias de leitura com o propósito de tornar os aprendizes usuários proficientes da língua em seu contexto social.
Uma proposta de intervenção para o ensino da literatura afro-brasileira nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: De Melo Carlos Augusto , Gonçalo Sandra Regina Pereira
Published: August 2017

Este texto é o fruto do trabalho desenvolvido no Mestrado Profissional em Letras (PROFLETRAS), campus da UFPB, cuja proposta foi, a partir de algumas reflexões sobre a presença da literatura afro-brasileira na escola, elaborar uma proposta de intervenção voltada para as aulas de Língua Portuguesa da turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola estadual na cidade de Boa Ventura na Paraíba. O objetivo principal foi, à luz dos aspectos relacionados aos marcos legais que fundamentaram a Lei nº 10.639/2003, problematizar a inserção da literatura afro-brasileira na escola e sugerir atividades que possam intervir na prática dos(as) professores(as) de Língua Portuguesa no que se refere à abordagem dessa literatura em sala de aula. A proposta de intervenção consistiu na realização de dois questionários investigativos e cinco oficinas literárias em sala de aula com os alunos.
Leitura crítica de textos midiáticos do domínio publicitário
Authors: Monteiro de Freitas Helen Josy
Published: August 2017

Inúmeras modificações sociais e tecnológicas têm contribuído para o desenvolvimento de novas maneiras de ser na sociedade contemporânea. Nesse contexto, caracterizado pela diversidade de linguagens, destaca-se a presença imponente de textos publicitários no cotidiano dos alunos. Diante dessa realidade, esta pesquisa buscou pontuar as dificuldades dos alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública de São Francisco/MG em relação à leitura crítica de textos midiáticos de domínio publicitário e elaborar uma proposta de intervenção para a superação dessas dificuldades, visando à formação do leitor crítico. A abordagem teórica deste trabalho foi ancorada nos estudos de Leffa (1996), Solé (2008), Koch e Elias (2012) e Koch (2013) sobre o processo de leitura numa visão sociointeracionista; nas contribuições de Menegassi (1995), sobre as etapas do processo de leitura e nos apontamentos de Silva (2009), Oliveira (2006) e Cafiero (2010) sobre leitura crítica e formação leitora. Nesta pesquisa, para a coleta de dados, utilizamos o grupo focal, a atividade diagnóstica e a atividade final. A análise dos dados obtidos nos permitiu concluir que a intervenção pedagógica contribuiu para a formação do leitor crítico de textos publicitários. Confirmamos ainda que, desde que o aluno tenha conhecimento sobre o assunto tratado, a criticidade desenvolvida em relação à publicidade se estende a outros textos. Esses resultados evidenciam, pois, a relevância do estudo de textos publicitários para a formação do indivíduo como membro atuante de uma sociedade midiatizada.
Carboxylesterase 1A2 encoding gene with increased transcription and potential rapid drug metabolism in Asian populations
Authors: Rasmussen Henrik Berg , Madsen Majbritt Busk , Lyauk Yassine Kamal , Hansen Peter Riis , Hughes Timothy
Published: August 2017

The carboxylesterase 1 gene (
The composition and chemical alteration of gums in the vessels ofPhellodendron amurense
Authors: Zheng Peiming , Yagami Sachie , Aoki Dan , Yoshida Masato , Sano Yuzou , Matsushita Yasuyuki , Fukushima Kazuhiko
Published: August 2017

An occluding substance (gum) was observed in the vessels ofPhellodendron amurenseRupr. and analysed by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Following safranin-alcian blue staining, the gum in sapwood (sW) turned to blue and in heartwood (hW) to red. The gum was studiedin situby UV and Raman microscopies, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The gum was isolated by laser microdissection (LMD) and it was alkali hydrolysed and the degradation products were analysed by GC-MS. The staining experiments, and the UV and Raman microscopies indicated that the major component of the sW gum is constituted of polysaccharides, while in the hW gum the aromatic character is dominating. TOF-SIMS measurements were interpreted as showing the aromatic substances in the hW gum did not contain lignin. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of vanillic acid in the degradation products of hW gum.
Early Diagnosis of Induction Machine Stator Winding Faults by Discrete Wavelet Transform
Authors: Imoru OdunAyo , Arun Bhaskar M. , Abdul-Ganiyu Jimoh Adisa , Hamam Yskandar
Published: August 2017

Electrical machines are useful in nuclear power plants, military applications, domestic appliances and industrial utilities. The relevant literature indicates that the induction machine takes about ninety percent of all electrical machine globally used in the industry. The risk of the failure of this machine can be avoided if the proper diagnostic scheme is designed and implemented to detect failure/impending faults at an incipient stage. This paper describes Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based diagnosis technique that analyses stator currents of induction machine under healthy and faulty conditions. This enables the extraction of harmonic components caused by each signal for further analysis. On one hand, the maximum energy for each signal gives information about the time a certain fault occurs in the machine and the time it starts deviating from the normal (healthy) state. On the other hand, a Fault Index (FI) is generated for each situation in order to classify the state of the machine into normal, medium or high. The colours; green, yellow and red are used to represent the normal, medium and high states respectively. Should the faults at medium state are not detected on time, it may lead a more serious fault (high state). Thus, this technique is robust to identify a fault of an induction machine at the incipient state with a very minimal time.
Utility of routine urine CMV PCR and total serum IgM testing of small for gestational age infants: a single center review
Authors: Espiritu Michael M. , Bailey Sean , Wachtel Elena V. , Mally Pradeep V.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Due to the extremely low incidence of TORCH (toxoplasmosis, rubella, CMV, herpes simplex virus) infections, diagnostic testing of all small for gestational age (SGA) infants aimed at TORCH etiologies may incur unnecessary tests and cost.

Objective:

To determine the frequency of urine CMV PCR and total IgM testing among infants with birth weight <10% and the rate of test positivity. To evaluate the frequency of alternative etiologies of SGA in tested infants.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review of SGA infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at NYU Langone Medical Center between 2007 and 2012. Subjects were classified as being SGA with or without intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The IUGR subjects were then further categorized as having either symmetric or asymmetric IUGR utilizing the Fenton growth chart at birth. Initial testing for TORCH infections, which included serum total IgM, CMV PCR and head ultrasound, were reviewed and analyzed.

Results:

Three hundred and eighty-six (13%) infants from a total of 2953 NICU admissions had a birth weight ≤10th percentile. Of these, 44% were IUGR; 34% being symmetric IUGR and 10% asymmetric. A total of 32% of SGA infants had urine CMV PCR and total IgM tested with no positive results. As expected, significantly higher percentage of symmetric IUGR infants were tested compared to asymmetric IUGR and non-IUGR SGA infants, (64% vs. 47% vs. 19%) P≤0.01. However, 63% of infants with a known cause for IUGR had same testing done aimed at TORCH infections. We calculated additional charges of $64,065 that were incurred by such testing.

Conclusions:

The majority of infants in our study who received testing for urine CMV PCR and total IgM aimed at TORCH infections had one or more other known non-infectious etiologies for IUGR. Because the overall yield of such testing is extremely low, we suggest tests for possible TORCH infections may be limited to symmetric IUGR infants without other known etiologies. Improved guidelines testing for TORCH infections can result in reducing hospital charges and unnecessary studies.
Tumor microenvironment in treatment of glioma
Authors: Li Guijie , Qin Zhigang , Chen Zhuo , Xie Lijuan , Wang Ren , Zhao Hang
Published: August 2017

Glioma is one of the most malignant and fatal tumors in adults. Researchers and physicians endeavor to improve clinical efficacy towards it but made little achievement. In recent years, people have made advances in understanding characteristics and functions of tumor microenvironment and its role in different processes of tumor. In this paper, we describe the effects of tumor microenvironment on glioma proliferation, invasion and treatments. By explaining underlying mechanisms and enumerating new therapy strategies employing tumor microenvironment, we aim to provide novel ideas to improve clinical outcomes of glioma.
Delirium risk of dexmedetomidine and midazolam in patients treated with postoperative mechanical ventilation: A meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Wang , Shimin Shan , Hongli Wang , Yanli Zhang , Ying Zhang
Published: August 2017

Objective

To evaluate by meta-analysis the effects of dexmedetomidine versus midazolam on postoperative delirium in patients that received postoperative mechanical ventilation.

Methods

The electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, CBM, Cochrane library and WanFang were searched by two reviewers. All the clinical studies related to dexmedetomidine versus midazolam on postoperative delirium were screened and collected in this meta-analysis. The combined postoperative delirium risk between dexmedetomidine and midazolam groups was pooled by random effect model. The publication bias was assessed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test.

Results

A total of six studies including 386 subjects (202 in the dexmedetomidine group and 184 in the midazolam group) were finally included in this meta-analysis. All six studies reported adequate sequence generation. Three studies used blindness methods and 2 publications were free of selective reporting. However, only 1 publication reported allocation concealment. Because of significant heterogeneity across the studies (I2=61.7%, p<0.05), the data were pooled by random effect model. Pooled data showed the postoperative delirium risk in the dexmedetomidine group was significantly lower than that of the midazolam group (RR=0.20 (095%CI:0.09~0.47, p<0.05)).The Begg’s funnel plot showed obvious asymmetry at the bottom and Egger’s line regression test also indicated significant publication bias (t=-6.51, p<0.05).

Conclusion

Compared with midazolam, patients that received dexmedetomidine for postoperative mechanical ventilation sedation had less risk of developing delirium.
Barriers perceived by nurses in the optimal treatment of postoperative pain
Authors: Medrzycka-Dabrowka Wioletta , Dąbrowski Sebastian , Gutysz-Wojnicka Aleksandra , Gawroska-Krzemińska Aleksandra , Ozga Dorota
Published: August 2017

It is currently estimated that the lack of adequate pain management affects 80% of the global population and the phenomenon poses a serious problem in more than 150 countries. On a national level, the greatest burden of inadequate treatment is borne, among others, by elderly patients. The purpose of the paper was to compare the prevalence of barriers to optimum post-operative pain management in elderly patients, observed by nurses in a clinical, provincial and municipal hospital in Poland. The research project was a multi-center one and took over a year. The study was questionnaire-based. It used the Polish version of the Nurses’ Perceived Obstacles to Pain Assessment and Management Practices questionnaire. The study included a total of 1602 nurses working at a clinical, provincial and municipal hospital.

In the university hospital, difficulties in pain assessment related to the healthcare system occurred statistically significantly more often.
Hemangioma of the rib: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu You-cai , Lin Xue-ping , Lu Yan , Wang Wen-xian , Du Kai-qi , Ye Xiao-qian , Zong Chong , Xu Chun-wei
Published: August 2017

Hemangiomas of the rib are extremely rare benign neoplasm. Here we present a case in a 47-year-old female, detected by chest X-ray and underwent a surgical resection. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a homogeneous conglomerate, irregular, thin walled and dilated blood vessels containing red blood cells, supported by fibrous stroma and intermingled to regular bone trabeculae. The postoperative courses were uneventful, and there was no recurrence during 64 months follow-up.
The diagnostic accuracy of conventional forceps biopsy compared to ESD
Authors: Wu Shimin , Zhu Xinjian , Xiang Lijuan , Chen Jianqiang , Chen Chunxiao
Published: August 2017

Objective

conventional forceps biopsy (CFB) is the most popular way to screen for gastric epithelial neoplasia (GEN). Our study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy between conventional forceps biopsy and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods

105 patients diagnosed GEN finally undertook ESD in our hospital were enrolled. We retrospectively assessed the characteristics of pathological results of CFB and ESD.

Results

The overall pathologic concordance rate between the CFB and ESD specimens was 68.57%. 55 cases of CFB maintained low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) under ESD,18 cases (23.1%) diagnosis for high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), 5 cases (6.4%) diagnosis for cancer. Moreover, 10 cases of CFB maintained HGIN under ESD. Lesions with surface hyperemia (44.4% vs. 27.54%) or surface ulcer (57.14% vs.26.76%) were more likely to cancerate (P<0.05).

Conclusion

endoscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, may exist or progression to high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, some may have cancer, should take active treatment measures.
Stroke systems in Chinese characters: A systemic functional perspective on simplified regular script
Authors: Peng Xuanwei
Published: August 2017

This article makes a preliminary attempt to account for the stroke systems of Chinese characters in simplified regular script. The framework utilized is the three meta-functions in Systemic Functional Linguistics. The description observes the cases from the perspectives of the experiential, appraisal (aesthetic), and thematic semiosis of strokes and their constitutional segments to figure out the relevant systems: the line system and the point system. This process witnesses comparisons to seek, in brief though, the traces and origins of stroke development along evolution, and hence the straightening of lines and squaring of character formation. This is the first step towards a rank model of Chinese writing, the whole project of which will highlight a way to study other writing systems in the semiotic respect.
HILIC-MS rat brain analysis, a new approach for the study of ischemic attack
Authors: Miękus Natalia , Konieczna Lucyna , Kowiański Przemysław , Moryś Janusz , Bączek Tomasz
Published: August 2017

Clinicians often rely on selected small molecular compounds from body fluids for the detection, screening or monitoring of numerous life-threatening diseases. Among others, important monoamines – biogenic amines (BAs) – and their metabolites serve as sensitive biomarkers to study the progression or even early detection of on-going brain pathologies or tumors of neuroendocrine origins. Undertaking the task to optimize a reliable method for the simultaneous analysis of the most relevant BAs in biological matrices is of utmost importance for scientists.

Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) with mass spectrometry (MS) detection provides a specific and sensitive technique for the separation and assessment of several neurotransmitter concentrations in body fluids (blood, urine, tissues). The present study was focused on the optimization of a straightforward, sensitive and reliable method for the simultaneous analysis of the ten most important BAs and their acidic metabolites from homogenates of rat brain tissues by use of HILIC-MS. Here, we present the optimized experimental workflow in terms of sample preparation, buffer compositions, HILIC and MS settings and data analysis.

The presented method is reliable, straightforward and sensitive. Our method permits the unbiased, qualitative and quantitative determination of several BAs and their metabolites simultaneously. The optimized method was applied to the analysis of rat brain tissue samples from healthy hemispheres or those with induced transient ischemic attack (TIA). The undertaken pilot study demonstrated that the proposed approach could be applied to reveal the perturbation in neurotransmitters concentration after TIA in rat brains.
Bivariate Probabilistic Modelling of Hydro-Mechanical Properties of Vegetated Soils
Authors: Das G. K. , Hazra B. , Garg A. , Ng C. W. W. , Avani N. , Lateh H.
Published: August 2017

Vegetation retains soil suction, which significantly affects the shear strength characteristics of soil and slope stability. However, because of uncertainties (heterogeneous root distribution, spatial variability) associated with vegetated soil, probabilistic analysis on the hydro-mechanical properties of vegetated soil is a necessity. Moreover, mechanical (cohesion, c, angle of internal friction, ϕ) as well as hydrological properties (suction, ψ, water content, θw) are correlated in nature, and this has a significant effect on the reliability of geotechnical structures. However, these studies investigated the dependence structure of mechanical parameters only. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the dependence structure of both mechanical (c, ϕ) as well as hydrological (ψ, θw) parameters of homogeneously compacted vegetated soil on the basis of measured field data. This is done by using copula theory to map the copula density functions (copula probability distribution functions [PDFs]) of (c, ϕ(ψ, θw) to their respective marginal distributions (PDFs) in order to simulate their bivariate distributions. The novelty of this work further lies in analysis of time-dependent behavior of θw by generating its PDFs, utilizing the concept of average mutual information (AMI). Thus, the information attained in this study about the inherent behavior of hydro-mechanical parameters of soil can be further utilized to estimate the reliability of vegetated slopes under varying climatic conditions.
Building student capacity to lead sustainability transitions in the food system through farm-based authentic research modules in sustainability sciences (FARMS)
Authors: Ahmed Selena , Sclafani Alexandra , Aquino Estephanie , Kala Shashwat , Barias Louise , Eeg Jaime
Published: August 2017

Undergraduate courses provide valuable opportunities to train and empower students with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to advance society in more sustainable directions. This article emphasizes the value of bridging primary scientific research with undergraduate education through the presentation of an integrated experiential learning and primary research model called Farm-based Authentic Research Modules in Sustainability Sciences (FARMS). FARMS are collaboratively designed with agricultural stakeholders through a community needs assessment on pressing food system issues and opportunities with the objective for faculty and students to jointly identify evidence-based management solutions. We illustrate the implementation of FARMS in an undergraduate course in Ecological Agriculture at Dartmouth College, NH where students assessed various agroecological solutions for managing plant vitality, weeds, soil quality, pests, pollinators, and biodiversity at the Dartmouth Organic Farm. Student reflections indicate that the FARMS course component was beneficial for understanding agroecological theories and concepts while also motivating involvement in sustainability sciences despite the challenges of primary research. Educator reflections noted that the FARMS pedagogical approach facilitated achieving course objectives to develop students’ ability for systems thinking, critical thinking, and interdisciplinarity while fostering students’ collaboration skills and overall motivation for creating change. Adopting the FARMS model should enable faculty in the sustainability sciences to serve as bridges between the learning, practicing, and scientific communities while supporting educational programming at student and community farms. Ultimately, it is expected that the implementation of FARMS will increase student capacity and prepare the next generation of leaders to address complex challenges of the food system using an evidence-based approach.
How is family interaction analysed as a risk factor for schizophrenia? A cross-method comparison
Authors: Siitonen Pauliina , Keisanen Tiina , Wahlberg Karl-Erik
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we compare two methodological approaches – Conversation Analysis (CA) and the Communication Deviance (CD) Scale – in detecting confusing family interaction, which is considered one of the risk factors for schizophrenia. CA is a method for identifying and describing actions in interaction, whereas the CD Scale presents the criteria for identifying communication defects in the field of schizophrenia research. Our aim is to determine whether the approaches resonate with and could complement each other in analysing the same interactional data – i.e., a total of 10.5 hours of audio-recorded Finnish family interaction in a psychological test in which the participants negotiate on mutual Rorschach inkblot interpretations. The data include 585 proposals by the family members. Here we focus on three types of proposal sequences (140 in all) where a proposal is not followed by an acceptance or a rejection. We have earlier shown that from the CA perspective, the family members orient to the discontinuity of these sequences by pursuing an explicit response to a proposal, but very rarely make the ‘problematic’ nature of the interaction visible to each other or the analyst. In the present paper, we will show that the CD Scale finds communication defects in the sequences under analysis but that the defects do not primarily involve the discontinuity of the sequence. Thus CA and the CD Scale look at interaction from different perspectives and disagree on what is considered an interactional problem.
Language complexity differs between doctors and patients during contraceptive counseling: A mixed-method study
Authors: Meza James P. , Provenzano Anthony , Fischetti Lawrence R. , LaRoche Elise
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to assess differences in language complexity for physician and patient speech and describe differences in speech content and literacy for medical office visits related to contraception. In a cross-sectional, mixed-methods study, we invited clinic faculty, residents, and consecutive patients to participate in simulated clinical encounters. Two investigators independently transcribed the recordings of these encounters. We calculated Flesch-Kincaid Reading Level (FKRL) and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) scores as proxy measures for language complexity related to physician and patient speech. We also performed content analysis of the office visit transcriptions. Thirty-one of 33 physicians and 51 of 61 patients participated in the study, yielding response rates of 94% and 84%, respectively. Student Independent t-tests revealed differences in language complexity for providers and patients. On average, physicians spoke at an Eighth-Grade (13 to 14 years old) reading level, while patients spoke at a Fourth-Grade (nine to ten years old) level. Physicians gave primary importance to physiologic mechanisms. Patients focused on efficacy and side effects. We interpret the findings from the theoretical perspective of language and culture as inseparable components of communication. Both language and culture communicate, but at different levels of analysis. We explore both dimensions of communication with the same data set. Although this paper is theoretically exploratory, we believe it broadens inquiry of language use in medicine for subsequent investigation.
Cardiologists’ experiences and perceptions of patient involvement and communication related to shared decision-making regarding atrial fibrillation treatment
Authors: Siouta Eleni , Hellström Muhli Ulla , Fossum Bjöörn , Karlgren Klas
Published: August 2017

Objective: To feel involved in decisions about atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment, patients need supportive communication from cardiologists. Shedding light on cardiologists’ perceptions of patient involvement in AF care settings is thus of importance. We examine (1) how cardiologists describe patient involvement and communication related to shared decisionmaking regarding AF treatment, and (2) their perceptions of efforts to involve patients in the treatment decisions. Methods: Ten cardiologists were interviewed in four Swedish hospitals. A qualitative content analysis was performed on the interview data. Results: Cardiologists’ perceptions of patient involvement in treatment decisions are framed in terms of (1) ideology, (2) experience, and (3) responsibility. Conclusion: By taking into account patients’ feelings in the consultations, and by actively encouraging patients to be involved, the cardiologists contributed to patient involvement. Practice Implications: One key to improving compliance with legislation aimed at increasing patient involvement in treatment decisions could lie in paying attention to physician–patient communication and the conditions for patient involvement in decision-making about treatment.
Concepts of health, ethics, and communication in shared decision making
Authors: Kaldjian Lauris Christopher
Published: August 2017

Shared decision making depends on respectful dialogue that allows patients and clinicians to discuss medical facts and the beliefs and values that give them meaning for a particular patient. This dialogue is most likely to succeed when tests and treatments are placed within a purpose-oriented landscape that sets goals of care in the foreground so that the direction of decision making is clear before too much focus is placed on interventional options. The beliefs and values that guide patients allow them to identify and prioritize their most important goals of care in light of other dimensions of decision making. These beliefs and values will also reveal concepts of health that anchor goals of care. When patients and clinicians disagree about treatments or goals, it may be because a clinician is guided by a biostatistical concept of health, while a patient is guided by one that prioritizes well-being. Such disagreements may also be described in terms of patient preference (autonomy) and the clinician's assessment of the patient's best interests (beneficence). By probing the beliefs and values that explain goals of care and concepts of health, dialogue can help reconcile disagreements in shared decision making. And even when resolution is not forthcoming, and a decision must be ‘un-shared’, dialogue can demonstrate respect for patients through the consideration clinicians show when they take time to understand and explain.
From breathing difficulty to dyspnea: The translation process from the patient's story to the doctor's report in interactive medical case reports
Authors: Zabielska Magdalena , Żelazowska Magda
Published: August 2017

The aim of this paper is to study the ‘translation process’ (Fleischman 2001) from the patient's story into the doctor's report in interactive case reports from professional medical journals. Interactive case reports are a relatively new development in the genre, which has been postulated by, and adopted in, several publication outlets. The novelty of the variety is the possibility for readers to comment on a published case as well as the optional Patient's perspective section, in which the patient can share their experience of illness and treatment. In the present paper, a collection of interactive case reports derived from professional medical journals will be examined. The material under study can be seen as a contact situation between the lay discourse of a patient's narration and the professional discourse of medical description. The comparison and qualitative analysis of the two discourses referring to the same disease event will point to different communicative accents, different means and different effects. Drawing on the tradition of Rhetorical Genre Studies, the paper will also emphasise the many social practices in which the variety is, and can be, used.
Complex hyperbolic triangle groups with 2-fold symmetry
Authors: Паркер Джон Р. , Сан Лі-Джі
Published: August 2017

In this paper we will consider the 2-fold symmetric complex hy­perbolic triangle groups generated by three complex reflections through angle 2Π/p with p ≥ 2. We will mainly concentrate on the groups where some ele­ments are elliptic of finite order. Then we will classify all such groups which are candidates for being discrete. There are only 4 types.
Потоки Морса-Смейла на торі з діркою
Authors: Пришляк Олександр Олегович , Прус Андрій Анатолійович
Published: August 2017

У даній роботі розглядаються потоки Морса-Смейла на торі з діркою, особливі точки яких лежать на межі. Побудовано повний топологічний інваріант даних потоків та описано їх топологічну структуру. Обраховано загальну кількість топологічно нееквівалентних потоків на даній поверхні з 4, 6 та 8 особливими точками.
Эквивалентность аффинной и грассмановой классификаций точек поверхности пространства Минковского
Authors: Стеганцева Полина Георгиевна , Гречнева Марина Александровна
Published: August 2017

В работе рассматривается задача классификации точек двумерных поверхностей четырехмерного пространства Минковского. Получены аффинная классификация и классификация точек с помощью грассманова образа поверхности. Найдены условия при которых эти две классификации эквивалентны.
Influence of alkali solutions on properties of pond fly ash-based geopolymer mortar cured under different conditions
Authors: Saxena Sunil Kumar , Kumar Mukesh , Singh Nakshatra Bahadur
Published: August 2017

Waste management of pond fly ash containing heavy metals beyond optimum limit is essential, otherwise leaching in the soil, water and air will create many hazardous problems. The best way to utilise pond fly ash is to convert it into geopolymer cement. Geopolymers form a class of binders manufactured by activation of solid aluminosilicate source material with a highly alkaline activating solution and aided by thermal curing. In the past few decades, geopolymer binders have emerged as one of the possible alternatives to ordinary Portland cement binders due to their reported high early strength and resistance against acid and sulfate attack apart, from their environmental friendliness. An experimental study was conducted to assess the activating influences of the combination of different alkali hydroxides and silicates (NaOH/Na2SiO3, NaOH/Li2SiO3, KOH/Na2SiO3 and KOH/Li2SiO3) on the mechanical properties of mortars. Geopolymer mortars using sand were cured at 80°C for 4, 8 and 12 h and compressive strengths were determined. Curing was also done by heating in a microwave oven for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min and compressive strengths were determined. Results for compressive strengths in the presence of different combinations of alkalis were compared.
PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Agustami Silviana , Moris Wirekso Antoni
Published: August 2017

Profitability is one of the essential elements in the process of assessing performance in banking finance. Bank needs to keep its profitability to maintain the continuity of its corporation. In the process of attaining income and making profit, a bank commonly does many efforts. One of them is through offering the credits to the public. However, in fact, credit which becomes the basis to run the company has the risk of failure when the clients/ debtors have to pay the loan back on its deadline/ Non Performing Loan (NPL). The objective of this study is to find out whether NPL influences negatively or not towards the bank profitability.This study employed the basic regression analysis method through linearity and normality tests. The data used is the financial statement of PT. Bank OCBC NISP, Tbk in 2002 until 2010 published by Bank Indonesia.Based on the revealed elaboration and the data analysis about the influence of NPL towards profitability, it can be concluded that the condition of Non-Performing Loan (NPL) in PT. Bank OCBC NISP, Tbk is good in general since it is still below the NPL value regulated by Bank Indonesia which is 5%. Meanwhile, the profitability based on the return on assets (ROA) in PT. Bank OCBC NISP tends to be below the minimum standard which is 1,5%, but it is classified in high category in the framework of performance determination of banking finance governed by Bank Indonesia. In PT. Bank OCBC NISP, Tbk, Non-Performing Loan (NPL) influences negatively towards profitability.
HUBUNGAN PENERAPAN ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) DENGAN KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Heryana Toni , Sartono Rahman Ano
Published: August 2017

This study aims to find out (1) the implementation of ERP in seven state-owned enterprises in Bandung, (2) the quality of financial statements in seven state-owned enterprises in Bandung that have implemented ERP, and (3) how the relationship of ERP implementation with the quality of financial statements at seven state- Bandung. The variables tested were Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and quality of financial statements. This study uses primary data for both variables in the form of questionnaires to seven State-Owned Enterprises in Bandung.The method used in this research is descriptive method. Population in this research is 20 SOEs in Bandung that have implemented ERP. Sampling technique used is Convenience Sampling so taken 7 SOEs from the population as a sample. The unit of analysis in this study is the financial manager. The hypothesis proposed in this study is "There is a strong relationship between the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) with the quality of financial statements". This hypothesis was tested by using Spearman Rank correlation statistical analysis while the coefficient of determination used to know how big the influence.From the result of the research, it can be concluded that (1) ERP implementation in seven SOEs in Bandung has very good with score 32,7; (2) the quality of financial statements at seven SOEs in Bandung City which have implemented ERP is very good with score 30,3; And (3) ERP implementation has a strong relationship with the quality of financial statements with correlation coefficient value 0.697. Based on the calculation of determination coefficient obtained 48.58% results, which means 48.58% quality of financial statements in seven SOEs in Bandung affected by Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and the remaining 51.42% influenced by other factors.
PENGARUH AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARANSI PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA SEKOLAH (APBS) TERHADAP PARTISIPASI KOMITE SEKOLAH (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI SE-KECAMATAN PATRANG KABUPATEN JEMBER)
Authors: Mahendrati Dwiharja Laksmi , Kurrohman Taufik
Published: August 2017

Accountability and transparency are needed to create credibility and fulfill the principles of good governance. The availability of space for the school committee to get involved is a hallmark of accountability and transparency of educational entities. Lack of accountability and transparency in management of School Budget are factors that affects the participation of school committees on performing the functions and its role against education. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of accountability and transparency in the management of APBS against participation of the school committee. The population of this research is the Primary School in Patrang, Jember`s Sub District listed in UPT District of Patrang, Department of Education in 2013 year. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, as the school committee to perform its functions more than one year with an error rate of 5% was its basic. Data were collected by trough questionnaires targeted to the school committee involved Chairman, Secretary, Treasurer, and members of structural discretion in each school. The data prior to analysis have been tested for validity and reliability. Techniques of data analysis used multiple regression. Results of this study concludes that accountability and transparency APBS has positive influence significantly on the participation of school committees.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN ENTITAS TANPA AKUNTABILITAS PUBLIK TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Agustami Silviana , Agus Suintri Imam
Published: August 2017

This study aims to (1) determine the implementation of SAK ETAP at BPR in the Bandung city (2) determine the quality of the financial reports of BPR in the Bandung city, and (3) determine the effect of the implementation of SAK ETAP to quality financial reports on BPR in Bandung city. In this study, researchers used primary data for variable implementation of SAK ETAP and the quality of financial reporting through questionnaires distributed to 11 BPR in the Bandung city. The method used in this research is descriptive method verikatif. The statistical analysis tools in this study using Spearman rank correlation to determine the direction and strength of the relationship between the two variables, while the coefficient of determination is used to determine the ability of the independent variable (X) in influencing the dependent variable (Y). These results indicate (1) the implementation of SAK ETAP at BPR in the Bandung city in general has been implemented adequately (2) BPR in the Bandung city has been preparing and presenting the financial statements sufficient to satisfy the elements of relevant, reliable, able to comparable, and understandable (3) the implementation of SAK ETAP moderate effect on the quality of the financial reports of BPR in the Bandung city, amounting to 0.587. Based on the calculation of the coefficient of determination SAK ETAP implementation contribute to or influence by 34.5%% of the quality of financial reporting at BPR in the Bandung city, while the remaining 65.5% was contributed by other factors not examined