bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O WHISTLEBLOWING COMO INSTRUMENTO DE COMBATE À CORRUPÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE À LUZ DOS PRINCÍPIOS DO REGIME DEMOCRÁTICO
Authors: De Souza Luiza Pessoa Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Resumo: O presente artigo visa demonstrar em que medida o whistleblowing opera como instrumento de combate contra a corrupção à luz dos princípios da democracia, considerando, principalmente, a importância da participação popular na política do Estado. Para tanto, o instituto será analisado na prática, a partir de legislações estrangeiras, bem como os institutos legais brasileiros que mais se aproximam no whistleblowing. Outrossim, contextualizar-se-á a participação popular na democracia do Estado, com análise dos requisitos do processo democrático e das vantagens da democracia, dando especial enfoque ao direito ao desenvolvimento, sendo a corrupção uma violação deste direito, cujo fomento é consequência favorável da democracia. Trata-se de investigação qualitativa majoritariamente descritiva, efetivada por meio de ampla pesquisa bibliográfica, através da qual se conclui que o whistleblowing é instrumento válido de combate à corrupção que se alinha a preceitos democráticos, especialmente no que diz respeito ao princípio de participação popular no processo político. Palavras-chaves: Whistleblowing. Democracia. Corrupção.  Abstract: The following essay has the goal of demonstrating how whistleblowing functions as an instrument to combat corruption in the light of the principles of Democracy, especially considering the importance of popular participation in State’s political issues. For this purpose, through bibliographical research, whistleblowing will be analyzed in a practical manner, with an approach of foreign whistleblowing laws, and to similar Brazilian legal mechanisms. In addition, it will be fundamental to contextualize popular participation in State’s democracy, with a special approach to right to development, since corruption is a kind of violation of this right, whose promotion is a positive consequence of democracy. This is a qualitative investigation, mostly descriptive, through which it is possible to confirm that whistleblowing is indeed a valid instrument for fighting corruption in a democratic frame, with an emphasis on the principle of popular participation in political process. Keywords: Whistleblowing. Democracy. Corruption. Sumário: Introdução. 1. O whistleblowing a partir da previsão normativa sob o prisma da legislação estrangeira e brasileira. 2. O whistleblowing nos Estados Unidos da América. 3. Os espectros do whistleblowing na legislação brasileira.3.1. A colaboração premiada.3.2. Ação Popular 4. Os aspectos do processo democrático e as vantagens da democracia.5. Direito ao desenvolvimento. 6. A corrupção como violação do direito ao desenvolvimento. Considerações finais. Referências.
A POTENCIALIDADE DA SOCIEDADE CIVIL BRASILEIRA NA DEFESA DOS DIREITOS DAS PESSOAS PRESAS
Authors: Rotta Almeida Bruno , Sallet Bruna Hoisler , Gomes Thais Bonato
Published: July 2024

As organizações da sociedade civil podem exercer um papel fundamental no processo de potencialização dos direitos fundamentais das pessoas presas e de luta ao encarceramento em massa. O artigo analisa a potencialidade dessa atuação no contexto brasileiro. Objetiva refletir sobre o empoderamento desses organismos e associações, assim como, sua legitimidade, limites e responsabilidades. Nesse sentido, pergunta-se: Em que medida, no contexto brasileiro, a sociedade civil vem contribuindo com o enfrentamento e a superação da prisão? Utiliza método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo e revisão bibliográfica.
ISOLAMENTO (PENITENCIÁRIO): ENTRE ATUALIDADE E MEMÓRIA
Authors: Stroppa Rachele
Published: July 2024

Agora que, devido à situação excepcional causada pela crise sanitária da Covid-19, grande parte da população mundial viveu o isolamento sobre a própria pele, vale a pena refletir sobre a situação de quem passa meses e até anos isolados nas celas de nossas prisões. Começando com o caso de Raquel, no presente se esboçará o estado da questão do isolamento no sistema penitenciário catalão.
Validação do jogo InterativaMENTE60+ para estimulação cognitiva de pessoas idosas
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Gerlai Lima , Rodrigues Vitória Eduarda Silva , Neves Izadora de Sousa , Brito Maria Eduarda de Sousa , Pereira Francisco Gilberto Fernandes , Machado Ana Larissa Gomes
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: verificar as evidências de validade de um jogo educativo para a estimulação cognitiva de pessoas idosas. Métodos: estudo metodológico desenvolvido em três fases: validação de conteúdo por juízes especialistas; validação de aparência por juízes de design; e avaliação pelo público-alvo, realizada com pessoas idosas. Realizou-se análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: o jogo educativo intitulou-se “InterativaMENTE60+” e sua estrutura contém capa, tabuleiro, tokens, dado, cartas (comando, observe, pergunta e desafio) e manual de instruções. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo foi de 0,84, demonstrando clareza e linguagem adequada, relevância teórica e pertinência prática. Os juízes de design avaliaram o jogo como adequado e o Indice de Concordância do público-alvo foi de 0,9. Conclusão: o jogo apresentou evidências de validade satisfatórias, sendo considerado adequado e válido com base em seu conteúdo e aparência. Contribuições para a prática: consiste em um recurso capaz de auxiliar na estimulação das funções cognitivas de pessoas idosas.
Experiments in Narrative: Katherine Mansfield and the Close-up
Authors: Kwiatkowska Anna ,   University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Published: July 2024

In the publications dedicated to Katherine Mansfield’s oeuvre, the traces of the cinematic in her narratives and, in particular, the importance of close-up are duly noted. However, despite the fact that the writer’s interest in close-up is earlier than her mature interest in cinema, the discussions do not devote much consideration to the beginnings of the technique visible in Mansfield’s early works. The comparative analysis of two stories, i.e., “At ‘Lehmann’s’” and “The Little Governess,” exemplifies, therefore, the development of Mansfield’s close-up technique and, most importantly, describes how exactly the writer develops it. The essay points to the traces of this particular cinematic tool in the writer’s pre-cinematic period and considers Mansfield’s verbal close-ups with a close reading method. The analysis adds to the critical conversations over Mansfield’s cinematic interests and their influence on her narrative technique. It demonstrates how the development of close-up enhances what is to become Mansfield’s central point, i.e., the subject-object relationship, and how it influences the emotional reception of the character.
Siriah Gadang Cultural Values in Galombang Dance in Pariangan, West Sumatra
Authors: Asriati Afifah , Shafii AS Hardy , Yuliasma Yuliasma , Putra Irdhan Epria Darma , Desfiarni Desfiarni
Published: July 2024

This article aims to expose the revitalization of Siriah Gadang cultural values in Galombang dance performed in Guguak village, Pariangan, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. Siriah Gadang is almost extinct because it is very rarely used. It is a cultural object with the same function as Carano, which is currently used for Galombang dance performances. To achieve this goal, qualitative research was used through observation, documentation, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using the Miles and Haberman model. It was found that the cultural values in Siriah Gadang are customary values, ethical values, social values, religious values, and leadership values reflected in the philosophy of the Minangkabau people “adaik basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah.”
Changes in Funeral Music Practices of Vietnamese People in the Northern Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Lam Nguyen Dinh
Published: July 2024

The funeral music of the Vietnamese people in the Northern Delta represents unique type of traditional musical heritage practiced and passed down by many generations of Vietnamese people to this day. Vietnamese people often say: “Sống dầu đèn, chết kèn trống” (If you live with lamp oil, die with trumpets and drums) - meaning that the sound of drums and trumpets at the funeral of the dead is like fire and oil in human life. However, this unique artistic heritage is facing a risk of change, as many traditional qualities in this type of music are gradually hybridizing and disappearing. The main research method of this study is qualitative research, focusing on in-depth interviews with elite artisans - elderly people with good memories and the ability to excel in practicing funeral music. In-depth interviews are done with artisans in families who have practiced and taught funeral music for generations. Research results show that the funeral music of Vietnamese people in the Northern Delta has changed quite a lot compared to tradition; Modern compositions songs are gradually being practiced in the Vietnamese funeral space here. The main reason is that the local cultural heritage management and preservation policy, for many years, was not given much attention. At the same time, pragmatic economic factors resulting from these artisans practicing this heritage in the face of the impact of the new economic context of society - are also the central cause of this transformation. The need to preserve this precious heritage in the cultural and social life of contemporary Vietnamese people is also an issue discussed in this study.
The Conceptual Knowledge Test to Measure The Physics Concepts Mastery of Biology Students on Waves Topic
Authors: Wulandari Dewi , Rangkuti Muhammad Aswin , Tanjung Yul Ifda , Ramadhani Irham , Elvianasti Mega
Published: June 2024

Waves is one of the Physics materials that must be mastered and understood. Students need help describing the mechanism of wave movement, so it is necessary to develop a test instrument tailored to the scientific field of Biology. Therefore, the study aimed to develop a Wave conceptual knowledge test instrument that can be used to train and measure the mastery of Physics concepts of the Wave topic of Biology Department students that meet the instrument's feasibility, including content validity, reliability, and difficulty level. This research uses the 4D development model (Four-D models), which consists of four stages: Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. Instruments-based feasibility is based on content validity, test reliability, and difficulty level. Based on the study results, the instruments developed were based on indicators of achievement of Physics competencies for Biology Department students. The content was adjusted to the field of Biology, namely the concept of waves in the human and animal hearing system. The test instrument met the criteria, namely content validity, test reliability, and difficulty level, so this instrument can be used to train and measure the physics concept mastery of Biology students.  The wave topic adapted to the scientific field of Biology can help Biology students understand the wave concepts correctly.
Quality of Four-Tier Diagnostic Test on Wave and Vibration Materials: An Empirical Study Using Rasch Modeling
Authors: Sukarelawan Moh. Irma , Indratno Toni Kus , Oktova Raden , Abdullah Nurul Syafiqah Yap
Published: June 2024

Not all teachers have the ability to develop diagnostic instruments for misconception. Meanwhile, there is an urgent need to diagnose student misconceptions. Therefore, this research aims to carry out the process of adapting misconception-diagnostic instruments to wave and vibration materials. This study used a cross-sectional quantitative survey method. The adaptation process was conducted with 306 state high school students taking wave and vibration classes. Respondents were selected using convenience sampling techniques. 4WADI (Four-tier Wave and vibration Diagnostic Instrument) was translated into Indonesian, consulted with language experts, and assessed by material and evaluation experts to produce an instrument appropriate to the Indonesian cultural context. Before the empirical test was carried out, I-4WADI (Indonesian et al. and vibration Diagnostic Instrument) was tested for readability on 35 students. As a result, the I-4WADI has excellent readability. The validation results of six experts were analyzed using the Aiken V technique. A total of 25 items were used for expert validation. Empirical validation data were analyzed using the Rasch model. Review empirical validation from the aspects of item fit and unidimensionality. The analysis results show that I-4WADI has good quality based on validity and reliability. The infit MnSq values ranged from 0.81 to 1.40, and the outfit MnSq values ranged from 0.71 to 1.36. The instrument reliability value is 0.98. So, I-4WADI can be applied to high school students in Indonesia. These findings have practical implications for teachers who wish to diagnose students' misconceptions about waves and vibration.
User-Friendly Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Visualization of Atomic Models on Mobile Teaching Module Application: PyLo-AR
Authors: Ramadhan Imam , Hasyim Mutahharah , Nurlina Nurlina
Published: June 2024

Integrating augmented reality technology in physics education provides students with a novel learning experience, requiring proficient skills and effective organization. PyLo-AR, a Marker-Based Augmented Reality (M-AR) mobile app, teaches atomic models (Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr). This study assesses PyLo-AR's user-friendliness using SUS and UEQ methods, involving highschool students. SUS scores indicate a satisfactory usability level (71). UEQ averages are 1.797 (Attractiveness), 1.700 (Perspicuity), 1.577 (Efficiency), 1.605 (Dependability), 1.941 (Stimulation), and 1.067 (Novelty). The category of the stimulation indicator is excellent, which means the PyLo-AR application is highly engaging for learners. The attractiveness, efficiency, and accuracy indicators are rated as "good," indicating that the PyLo-AR application is enjoyable and reliable in understanding the characteristics of each atom model through its 3D visualization features. Meanwhile, the clarity and novelty indicator categories are rated as "above average," suggesting that the PyLo-AR application is sufficiently efficient and easy to understand with an organized User Interface (UI). Thus, the PyLo-AR application has met the criteria for being a user-friendly application for learners to comprehend the characteristics of each atom model.
Algebras of polynomials generated by linear operators
Authors: Abtahi M. , Zaj F.
Published: June 2024

Let $E$ be a Banach space and $A$ be a commutative Banach algebra with identity. Let $\mathbb{P}(E, A)$ be the space of $A$-valued polynomials on $E$ generated by bounded linear operators (an $n$-homogenous polynomial in $\mathbb{P}(E,A)$ is of the form $P=\sum_{i=1}^\infty T^n_i$, where $T_i:E\to A$, $1\leq i <\infty$, are bounded linear operators and $\sum_{i=1}^\infty \|T_i\|^n < \infty$). For a compact set $K$ in $E$, we let $\mathbb{P}(K, A)$ be the closure in $\mathscr{C}(K,A)$ of the restrictions $P|_K$ of polynomials $P$ in $\mathbb{P}(E,A)$. It is proved that $\mathbb{P}(K, A)$ is an $A$-valued uniform algebra and that, under certain conditions, it is isometrically isomorphic to the injective tensor product $\mathcal{P}_N(K){\widehat\otimes}_\epsilon A$, where $\mathcal{P}_N(K)$ is the uniform algebra on $K$ generated by nuclear scalar-valued polynomials. The character space of $\mathbb{P}(K, A)$ is then identified with $\hat{K}_N\times \mathfrak{M}(A),$ where $\hat K_N$ is the nuclear polynomially convex hull of $K$ in $E$, and $\mathfrak{M}(A)$ is the character space of $A$.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF CELECOXIB, A COX-2 INHIBITOR, DURING FOREIGN BODY REACTION IN TILAPIA
Authors: AUGUSTO I. L. , OLIVEIRA S. L. , ARACATI M. F. , RODRIGUES L. F. , COTA C. C. , BELO M. A. A.
Published: June 2024

Seeking to understand the defense mechanisms of tilapia to assist in the health management of fish farms, associated with the lack of information on the use of COX-2 inhibitors in teleost fish, this study aimed to identify important aspects involved in the pathophysiology of the chronic inflammatory reaction in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, by evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of celecoxib on the kinetics of migration and formation of gigantocytes in the foreign body response. For this purpose, 72 tilapia were used (Oreochromis niloticus), placed in 9 aquariums (n=8), with a capacity of 100 L of water each, consisting of the following treatments: Control - subjected to inflammatory stimulus without treatment with Celecoxib; TC - Conventional treatment with oral administration of 3mg/kg of Celecoxib after inflammatory stimulus; TP - Prolonged treatment with oral administration of 3mg/kg of Celecoxib for one week before and continuously after the inflammatory stimulus. 8 animals were evaluated per treatment in three periods, that is: 2, 4 and 8 days post-implantation (DPI) of the coverslips, with blood samples being collected to perform the differential leukocyte count in blood extensions, as well as collecting the coverslips. for cytological study. In the later phase of the inflammatory process (8DPI), a decrease in the cellular accumulation of macrophages and formation of polykaryotes was observed on the coverslips of tilapia treated with celecoxib, demonstrating the anti-inflammatory effect of this COX-2 inhibitor, associated with a significant decrease in the number of circulating monocytes in animals receiving conventional treatment. Tilapia treated with celecoxib (TC and TP) showed a significant decrease in total leukocyte count in the initial phase of the inflammatory process (2DPI), characterized by neutropenia and lymphopenia. Therefore, both treatment protocols (TC and TP) with 3mg/kg of celecoxib modulated the foreign body-type inflammatory response of tilapia by acting on the kinetics of macrophage accumulation and formation of polykaryotes on glass coverslips implanted in the subcutaneous tissue, demonstrating a correlation to the dynamics of circulating leukocytes. These results help to understand the role of prostanoids during the chronic inflammatory reaction of tilapia.
The investigation of the factors modulating macrophage endocytosis: macrophage type, age, plasma membrane tension
Authors:   , Gabrielaitis Dovydas
Published: June 2024

Veiksnių moduliuojančių makrofagų endocitozę tyrimas: makrofagų tipas, amžius, plazminės membranos įtempimas
Prevalence of lower tract urinary symptoms in a urology outpatient in the single health system of the federal district - Brazil
Authors: Epaminondas Wellington Alves , Santiago Reis Carmelia Matos , Novaes Maria Rita Carvalho Garbi
Published: July 2024

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of LUTS and it’s association with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and smoking in individuals seen at a referral clinic in Urology in the Federal District. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study, conducted in 410 individuals aged 40 years or older, attended at the Urology outpatient clinic of the North Wing Regional Hospital, in Brasília, Brazil, on December 1 from 2018 to April 1, 2019. The questionnaires were applied to assess urinary symptoms. Results: 64.15% had LUTS. In diabetics, the prevalence of LUTS had no statistical difference between the groups. HAS and LUTS were not associated, for this sample. The prevalence of LUTS increased in parallel with advancing age. 7.25% of the individuals were smokers. Conclusion: The prevalence and severity LUTS increase with advancing age. LUTS has not a been associated with DM and SAH in this study.
To Veil or not to Veil: Tracing the Hijab in Contemporary Muslimah’s Writings
Authors: Shaikh Neda Parvin
Published: July 2024

This research examines the constructions of Muslimah or Muslim women's identity through the lens of religious clothing, specifically the hijab, as depicted in two contemporary Muslimah literary texts. Randa Abdal Fattah’s Does My Head Look Big In This? (2005) is a bildungsroman told from the perspective of a sixteen-year-old Australian-Palestinian Muslim girl who makes the life-changing decision to wear the hijab. The second novel is Leila Aboulela’s Minaret (2005), tracing the journey of a young female Sudanese immigrant in London who finds herself struggling socially, economically and culturally in a foreign country after leaving behind a life of affluence in Sudan. Using theories such as Homi K Bhabha’s Cultural Hybridity and Miriam Cooke’s Islamic Feminism, the article analyses the protagonists’ choice of veiling and the internal and external factors that influence this difficult decision. The analysis suggests that female hybrid identities in Western diasporic contexts are uniquely configured through religious and cultural markers like the hijab that forge feminist bonds and reignite connections to the Homeland and God. The decision to wear the hijab also helps counter Western stereotypes related to Islam and Muslim women. The hijab has also become a contentious issue in recent times. It is thus imperative to look closely at contemporary Muslimah literature that addresses this topic, especially those written by Muslimah authors. This research helps to reduce mainstream misrepresentation and contest stereotypes, thereby making space for newer ways of reading Muslim identities and feminist tendencies.
Desarrollo del razonamiento lógico en el estudiantado de secundaria en Lima, Perú: evaluación del impacto de unos talleres de lógica en colegios sin enseñanza previa
Authors: Mora Ramirez Rafael Félix
Published: July 2024

Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar si las y los alumnos de colegios donde no se enseña la materia de Lógica pueden aprobar dicha asignatura tras participar en un taller diseñado para reforzar su razonamiento lógico. A nivel metodológico se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, realizando un estudio cuasiexperimental de nivel explicativo. Este estudio se basó en un muestreo no probabilístico, específicamente, se trata de un muestreo por conveniencia. Después de aplicar algunos criterios de exclusión, la muestra de estudio consistió en 43 estudiantes que asistieron a todas las sesiones de enseñanza de lógica en los colegios seleccionados. Se investigó la capacidad de retener conocimientos lógicos por parte de cierta población estudiantil de nivel escolar mediante un taller de tres semanas, seguido de una evaluación global sobre lógica formal y no formal. A pesar de la falta de normalidad, la prueba de Friedman reveló diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos de datos, indicando un progreso en las calificaciones a lo largo del estudio. Se concluye que si se compara las notas de las tres pruebas de salida se observa cierto progreso, lo cual indica comprensión del curso por parte del alumnado. La baja nota del estudiantado como promedio en el examen final indica que a nivel global se entendió deficientemente de la lógica, quizá porque hubo poco tiempo de repaso y eran demasiados conceptos involucrados. Que algunas personas estudiantes hayan obtenido 18 de un máximo de 20 indica que la prueba final era manejable. Finalmente, la nota global es un indicador que señala que, en promedio, el curso de lógica es aprobable. Esto significa, en cierto modo, que las y los estudiantes podrían reconocer en la lógica contenidos asimilables que permitan desarrollar su propio pensamiento creativo y original. En ese sentido, se recomienda considerar la reintroducción de la lógica dentro de los estudios básicos de secundaria en todo el Perú como materia obligatoria.
Dyadic negation in natural language
Authors: Kornai András
Published: June 2024

In order to provide for a linguistically and cognitively sound theory of negation, we argue for the introduction of a dyadic negation predicate lack and a force dynamic account of affirmation and negation in general.
A rudimentary analogy-based model of how syntactic constructions emerge from linguistic experience
Authors: Lagos Mátyás
Published: June 2024

This paper highlights theoretical issues in construction grammar and presents a simple computational language model as a preliminary solution to these issues. The specific issues dealt with are the lack of explicit definition of syntactic categories and the lack of explicit proposals regarding how constructions can be learned from linguistic experience. The proposed language model, called the “analogical path model”, learns two-word syntactic patterns from sentences by finding distributional analogies between word pairs. The theoretical relevance and implications of the analogical path model are discussed at the end of the paper.
Porosity and pore morphology characteristics of zirconia-alumina bioceramics
Authors: Shakir Rusul Ahmed , Géber Róbert
Published: July 2024

Manufacturing ceramic green structures using starch consolidation casting is an established process that is simple, non-hazard, and low-cost. In this study, starch consolidation casting is used to prepare ceramics based on submicron monoclinic zirconia with additions of alumina and magnesia. Scanning electron microscopy results indicate that the size of pores decreased and the morphological irregularity increased when the tapioca starch content increased. The sample with 30 wt.% tapioca starch in a 55 wt.% slurry concentration had the highest estimated apparent porosity (around 56%), whereas the sample with 10 wt.% in a 68 wt.% suspension concentration had the lowest (about 35%).
Palliatív betegellátás belgyógyászati osztályon
Authors: Szigeti Nóra , Kun Szilárd , Wittmann István
Published: June 2024

Bevezetés: A palliatív ellátás javítja a krónikus, progresszív
betegségben szenvedő, súlyos állapotú betegek életminőségét.
Célkitűzés: Célunk volt, hogy felmérjük a belgyógyászati
osztályunkon kezelt, krónikus, progresszív betegségben szenvedő, súlyos állapotú
betegek palliatív ellátásának szükségességét és a betegek jellemzőit.
Módszer: Retrospektív tanulmányunk a 2020. január 1. és
2024. január 31. között klinikánkra a Sürgősségi Betegellátó Osztályról felvett,
palliatív konzíliumba referált betegek betegségjellemzőit, a klinikai diagnózis
és a palliatív ellátás időpontjait, a betegek felvételének okát, állapotukat,
tüneteiket, esetleges haláluk helyét és idejét vizsgálta.
Eredmények: A 197 beteg átlagéletkora 71 év volt, 45%-uk
volt férfi. Daganatos betegségben 95, egyéb krónikus, progresszív betegségben
5%-uk szenvedett. Az elsődleges daganat leggyakoribb helye a tüdő, a vastagbél
és az emlő volt. A nem daganatos betegek szervelégtelenségben vagy neurológiai
kórképben szenvedtek. Korai palliatív ellátásban a daganatos betegek 4%-a
részesült. A betegek funkcionális stádiumának átlaga ECOG 3,4, illetve a
Karnofsky-index szerint 24% volt. A vezető tünetek a fájdalom, az étvágytalanság
és a fulladás voltak. Daganatos betegeknél a diagnózis és a palliatív gondozás
kezdete között eltelt idő átlaga 110 hétnek bizonyult, 17%-uknál a két időpont
megegyezett. A palliatív gondozás kezdete és a klinikai palliatív konzílium
között átlagosan 26 nap telt el, 71%-uknál a két időpont megegyezett. Családi
megbeszélés a betegek 33%-ánál valósult meg, mely alacsony arány részben a
COVID–19-pandémia alatti beteglátogatási korlátozásoknak tudható be. A vizsgálat
végéig a betegek 88%-a elhunyt, csupán 27%-a az otthonában. A palliatív ellátás
kezdete és a halál időpontja között átlagosan 82 nap telt el.
Megbeszélés: Eredményeink azt mutatják, hogy a palliatív
ellátási igényű betegek tüneti terhei jelentősek. A daganatos betegek diagnózisa
sokszor késői, korai palliatív ellátásuk ritkán történik meg, palliatív
gondozásba későn kerülnek, és sokszor nem az otthonukban halnak meg, ahol utolsó
időszakuk eltöltését preferálnák. A nem daganatos, krónikus progresszív
kórképben szenvedőknél ritkán gondolunk a palliatív ellátás szükségességére.
Következtetés: A krónikus, progresszív betegségben
szenvedők korai palliatív ellátása javítja az életminőségüket. Orv Hetil. 2024;
165(26): 1010–1016.
Self-evaluation of appearance by female medicine students
Authors: Nowak Stanislaw , Zanevskyy Ihor
Published: June 2024

Background and Study Aim. Nowadays western culture promotes appearance-wise the ideal of a slim body. The purpose of the research was to study body composition of female medicine students and compare these results with their self-evaluation on the problem.
Material and Methods. Ninety-nine Casimir Pulaski Radom University in Radom females students (22.0±2.1 years old) who studied at a medicine faculty have been involved in the research. The study was conducted in accordance with the basic bioethical norms of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association on Ethical Principles for Conducting Scientific and Medical Research. Written informed consent was obtained from each study participant. The study was approved in advance by Ethical Committee of the Casimir Pulaski Radom University in Radom. The studies included survey research: The International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) - Short Form, The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Questionnaire of self-evaluation of appearance, body mass and height. According to the Three Sigma Rule border values, research samples were selected regarding compacted values of corresponding parameters. Pearson correlation has been used with a purpose to study an interaction between anthropometric parameters of subjects. Two pair t-test for arithmetic means was applied to compare mean values of the anthropometric parameters of the subjects. Factor analysis has been used with a purpose to study body building of students. Calculations were done using Data Analysis from MS Excel Offices and computer package Statistica.
Results. Shapiro – Wilk method was used to determine normality of distribution of quantity parameters studied in the research (p>0.4). Because Gauss distribution was noticed, parametric statistics were applied in mathematics elaboration of anthropometric parameters. According to the Method of Principal components, the Factor analysis has been done. A number of variables were reduced to twenty-three (11 – 33). Three Eigenvalues appeared greater than one (17.4; 3.3; 1.1). Number of factors extracted equals 3. Corresponding part of variation forms 94.7% of the total. The rest of variation (5.3%) presents other factors. The main factor (the first one) forms more than three quarters of variation – 75.7%.
Conclusions. Accuracy of estimation of a body height among female subjects was determined as a difference between results of subject’s answer and results of measurement. Two groups of subjects have been formed: 58 subjects presented their knowledge of values of body height and 38 subjects – estimated their own hypothetic values.
What are physical exercise interventions in older age? Literature review for physical and cognitive function
Authors: Suryadi Didi , Nasrulloh Ahmad , Haryanto Jeki , Samodra Y Touvan Juni , Wati Isti Dwi Puspita , Suganda Mikkey Anggara , Nugroho Sigit , Dafun Jr Procopio B. , Kushartanti BM. Wara , Fauziah Ella
Published: June 2024

Background and Study Aim. The elderly represent a growing age group and an integral part of modern society. The aging process introduces significant health challenges, making exercise an essential component in maintaining quality of life and well-being among the elderly. This study reviews the impact of physical exercise interventions on the physical and cognitive functions of the elderly population.
Material and Methods. The search for this study was conducted using the ScienceDirect and PubMed databases. The search strategy employed a combination of keywords ("Elderly Physical Exercise" AND "Physical Exercise Intervention" AND "Elderly Fitness and Cognitive" AND "Physical Exercise for Physical and Cognitive Functions" AND "Physical and Cognitive Benefits" AND "Elderly Physical Exercise Prevalence"). This search adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Initially, 1,854 publications were identified through the database searches (ScienceDirect: 981 articles; PubMed: 873 articles). After applying the exclusion criteria, only 11 articles remained.
Results. It has been found that physical exercise interventions for the elderly significantly impact their physical and cognitive functions. In the first group, exercises such as home-based e-Health programs, multicomponent exercises, moderate aerobic exercises, dance training, and balance training have been identified. All these have been shown to provide substantial benefits. These programs enhanced not only physical function but also cognitive performance and the overall quality of life for older adults without physical and cognitive health complaints. This showcases the potential of physical exercise interventions to prevent morbidity and reduce disability. The second group focused on physical exercise interventions for older adults with degenerative disease complaints, such as type 2 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Dual-task exercise programs and tai chi chuan exercises have demonstrated improvements in cognitive function for this demographic. They also improved physical fitness. The research also points out some limitations related to the implementation and budgeting for these programs.
Conclusions. The literature review suggests that physical exercise interventions play a crucial role in maintaining physical and cognitive functions in older adults. Exercise programs tailored to the specific health conditions of individuals can significantly improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of declining physical and cognitive functions in the elderly population.
Effects of Altitude training on Ethiopian endurance athletes recovery heart rate and hematological variables
Authors: Moges Tesfaye , Dhamodharan Mathivanan , Gebretensay Mulay , Kiflu Alemmebrat , Kentiba Efrem
Published: June 2024

Background and Study Aim. A recent study indicates that Ethiopian middle- and long-distance athletes originate from diverse geographical regions, including areas of varying elevation. This study aimed to analyze the impact of altitude training on hematological parameters and recovery heart rates among young male endurance trainees training at sites located at different altitude levels.
Material and Methods. The study employed a quasi-experimental, counterbalanced approach involving 15 male trainees. Five individuals from each training center experienced the standard training program across three distinct geographical locations and elevations. Pre- and post-test data were collected on red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, and recovery heart rate before and after six months, from 6:00–8:00 AM. ANCOVA was utilized to analyze the data.
Results. Following the intervention, the mean Red Blood Cell (RBC) count was observed to be higher in trainees from low altitude (5.18±0.33) compared to those from moderate altitude (4.48±0.14 and 5.21±0.22), with a significance level of p<0.05. The mean Hemoglobin (HGB) count was found to be higher in moderate altitude trainees (17.00±0.70 and 16.31±0.65) than in low altitude trainees (15.82±1.37), although this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Similarly, the mean Hematocrit (HCT) count was low for both low altitude (46.04±3.49) and moderate altitude trainees (46.46±3.9 and 45.42±1.54), with no significant difference noted (p>0.05). The mean Platelet (PLT) count was 226.8±75.88 for low altitude trainees and 265.8±23.18, 276±53.96 for moderate altitude trainees, with no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). As for the recovery heart rate, mean values showed no significant difference between the pre-and post-test groups. In the pretest, the mean recovery heart rate was 30.00±14.70 for low-altitude trainees and 43.20±8.90, 43.20±13.68 for moderate-altitude trainees (p>0.05). In the post-test, the mean recovery heart rate was 25.20±7.82 for low-altitude trainees and 32.40±10.04, 36.00±7.35 for moderate-altitude trainees (p>0.05).
Conclusions. The findings indicate that training at different altitudes impacts the hematological and cardiovascular systems of endurance athletes in varied ways. This underscores the importance of developing tailored training programs to optimize performance and recovery. These results are particularly relevant for coaches and athletes seeking to enhance endurance training outcomes through altitude training strategies.
Impact of physical exercise on behavioral and social features in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Halepoto Dost M. , Elamin Nadra E. , Alhowikan Abdulrahman M. , Halepota Aurangzeb T. , AL-Ayadhi Laila Y.
Published: June 2024

Background and Study Aim. Physical exercise is linked with several physical and psychological health advantages. A range of investigations has revealed the presence of a significant association between physical exercise and indicative improvements in subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This systematic review aims to update the literature about the impact of physical exercise interventions on social, behavioral, and other outcomes for individuals with ASD.
Materials and Methods. The study design followed the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of electronic databases—PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Jane Publications—was performed from 2010 to December 2023. We searched for related research papers in English using keywords 'Autism Spectrum Disorder,' 'exercise,' and 'physical activity.
Results. This systematic review employed a four-stage screening process, which resulted in the inclusion of 18 trial studies. The intervention period varied from three to forty-eight weeks, with a frequency of 3-7 times per week. The results demonstrated that physical exercise had a substantial positive impact on communication, social interaction, and motor skills in subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
Conclusions. This review supports physical exercise as a powerful tool in decreasing stereotypical behaviors, and in improving social communication and motor skills in subjects diagnosed with ASD. Regular physical exercise therapy can have a greater effect on improving the quality of life for ASD subjects.
Monitoring the physical fitness of students aged 10-15 and 15-18 during online education
Authors: Nesen Olena , Korobeinikova Lesia , Ivanyshyn Iryna , Goncharova Olga
Published: June 2024

Background and Study Aim. The necessity to switch to online learning is closely related to the need to ensure the safety of students, which is jeopardized by the military conflict in Ukraine. In the context of online learning, diagnosing the physical fitness of students becomes more challenging, creating problems for physical education teachers. The purpose of the study is to suggest alternatives to physical fitness tests for students that can be adequately conducted at home.
Materias and Methods. The study involved students aged 10-15 (middle school) and 15-18 (high school). The study involved students aged 10-15 (middle school) and 15-18 (high school). The high school group comprised 11 students (7 girls and 4 boys), while the middle school group included 28 students (16 boys and 12 girls). The research was conducted at the Velikosknitsky Lyceum (Khmelnytskyi region, Ukraine) during offline physical education classes at the beginning of the 2023-2024 academic year. The physical fitness testing was carried out using suggested tests that could be performed independently at home.
Results. The presence of significant correlational relationships between the outcomes of certain tests has been established. For example, there is a high correlation (0.95) between the results of the standing long jump and physical fitness in higher grades. A moderate correlation was also found between the results of the 30-meter dash and physical fitness in higher grades. Additionally, a weak correlation was established for the 4x9 meter shuttle run in middle grades.
Conclusions. The study's findings demonstrate that conducting test exercises at home is a practical and efficient alternative to traditional diagnostics in school sports halls. However, assessing some aspects of physical fitness, such as speed, endurance, and strength, may be more challenging in an online setting.
Revisión y valoración de políticas de prevención e intervención en salud mental infanto-juvenil en centros educativos. Informe técnico: Estados Unidos
Authors: Rodríguez-González Martiño , Nieuwenhuys-Ruiz Victoria , Cueli-Naranjo María de los Ángeles , Srisarajivakul Emily , Huenergarde Morgan , Thornton Kailey , de-la-Fuente-ldígoras Judith , Johnson Evelyn S. , Peña-Gutiérrez Alejandro , Calatrava-Martínez María , Testa Giulia , Arrondo-Ostiz Gonzalo
Published: July 2024

En el marco del Proyecto de investigación orientado a la transferencia del conocimiento, "Revisión y valoración de políticas de prevención e intervención en salud mental infanto-juvenil en centros educativos” (IP, Martiño Rodríguez-González, ICS-UNAV) desarrollado en colaboración con la Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR- ITEI), se ha generado el presente Informe técnico con el objetivo de explorar cómo se están abordando la promoción del bienestar emocional y las dificultades en salud mental en el contexto educativo (con niños y adolescentes), en Estados Unidos, Reino Unido y España. Los primeros dos, son países de referencia, los cuales han trabajado sistemáticamente en la incorporación de la educación emocional en sus currículos escolares, así como, en el diseño y validación de programas de bienestar emocional y prevención de los problemas de salud mental en el alumnado.
Świadczenie usług adwokackich w oparciu o dyrektywę 2006/123/WE oraz dyrektywę 2000/31/WE
Authors: Golowska Marta
Published: July 2024

Artykuł jest próbą analizy zmian w przepisach regulujących reklamę adwokacką, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wprowadzonych nowelizacji w § 23 Kodeksu Etyki Adwokackiej (KEA) oraz wpływu dyrektywy 2006/123/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z 12 grudnia 2006 r. dotyczącej usług na rynku wewnętrznym oraz dyrektywy 2000/31/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z 8 czerwca 2000 r. w sprawie niektórych aspektów prawnych usług społeczeństwa informacyjnego, w szczególności handlu elektronicznego w ramach rynku wewnętrznego (dyrektywa o handlu elektronicznym) wraz z uchwałą nr 93/2023 Naczelnej Rady Adwokackiej na praktyki promocyjne adwokatów. Celem opracowania jest zidentyfikowanie zmian w świadczeniu usług adwokackich w kontekście implementacji dyrektyw oraz zbadanie korzyści i wyzwań, jakie niesioną one dla praktyki prawniczej w RP. W artykule stawia się tezę, że nowe regulacje umożliwiają adwokatom korzystanie z narzędzi marketingowych, zachowując jednak zasady etyki zawodowej, co zwiększa dostępność informacji o świadczonych usługach, jednocześnie chroniąc normy etyczne. Problem badawczy koncentruje się na równowadze między promocją usług a etyką zawodową i dotyczy tego, jak te zmiany wpłyną na konkurencję wśród adwokatów. Opracowanie analizuje aspekty etyczne, prawne i praktyczne nowych regulacji reklamowych, kładąc nacisk na ich oddziaływanie na społeczeństwo, klientów oraz samą profesję prawniczą.
PERSPECTIVAS FORMATIVAS PARA O PROFESSOR DE GEOGRAFIA NO ENSINO SECUNDÁRIO PRESCRITAS NO PERIÓDICO BOLETIM GEOGRÁFICO (1943 – 1946)
Authors: Dias Maria Vitória Ferreira , Dias Angélica Mara de Lima
Published: June 2024

Este artigo propõe apresentar as Tertúlias Geográficas e o Curso de Inverno como aspectos formativos para o professor de Geografia através do periódico Boletim Geográfico, intencionando uma melhor atuação no ensino secundário, durante a década de 1940. O início do recorte temporal marca o período ditatorial imposto por Getúlio Vargas, assinalado por efervescências políticas e sociais. Nesse contexto, a educação se caracterizou como ponto basilar, mais precisamente o ensino de Geografia, que ficou a cargo de renovar a mentalidade da sociedade, focalizando no conhecimento nacional e o estímulo incansável do sentimento patriótico. Para alcançar estes objetivos, a Geografia moderna teria que ocupar o espaço da Geografia tradicional, dando ênfase às novas maneiras de realizar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, essencialmente no ensino secundário, nível escolar escolhido para trabalhar os ideais do aparelho administrativo governamental em padrões abalizados. Dessa forma, estratégias foram sinalizadas para enriquecer a formação do professor de Geografia, a exemplo do Boletim Geográfico, periódico criado através do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), para espacializar diversos aspectos geográficos, além de leis, diretrizes e prescrições metodológicas para o ensino secundário. A partir das publicações do periódico supracitado, obtivemos informações importantes acerca das orientações modernas para a aplicação do ensino de Geografia no nível escolar secundário através das temáticas difundidas no Curso de Inverno e as discussões e debates das Tertúlias Geográficas, originados para promover uma formação de maior qualificação para os graduandos, fornecendo suporte metodológico, a fim de modernizar o ensino de Geografia.
CULTURA, RELIGIÃO E ESPAÇO: O PAPEL DA IGREJA CATÓLICA NA ORGANIZAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO DE SÃO VICENTE DO SERIDÓ-PB
Authors: Oliveira Natan Barboza de , Attem Gabriel Madureira
Published: June 2024

Ultimamente a discussão do papel da dimensão simbólica vem ganhando destaque no campo da geografia principalmente na análise da dimensão da percepção, representação e vivência no lugar principalmente ao tratar os dois polos entre o sagrado e o profano um universo de conhecimentos que se mostram em florescimento para o fortalecimento das relações socioespaciais. Por esse sentido, o seguinte trabalho parte da necessidade de avaliar á contribuição do espaço sagrado da igreja católica matriz do município paraibano de São Vicente do Seridó na construção, organização dos primeiros impulsos do meio urbano  da realidade municipal, além de destacar os principais fatores de modificação dos sentidos do sagrado e suas tendências mediante o avanço da aglomeração urbana na medida os acréscimos de novos conteúdos. Nessa condição, para tanto, foi utilizado os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: A priori houve a delimitação da temática e em um segundo momento, o processo de organização do material teórico para o desenvolvimento da análise em paralelo com analises de observação de campo (dos objetos de manifestação do sagrado), e por fim a etapa de cruzamento dos dados secundários com os primários obtidos mediante entrevista populares da região, assim buscando intercalar o espaço urbano, a cultura e o simbólico religioso.
EXPEDIENTE E APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Dantas Geovany Pachelly Galdino
Published: June 2024

Expediente e apresentação do V. 1, N. 18, 2024
IMPACT OF INNOVATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BALKAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Hysaj Albina , Sulҫaj Kriselda
Published: June 2024

Innovation plays a crucial role in the daily activities of economic units and its impact extends to the macroeconomic level as well. After the last pandemic, firms and even nations are aiming to adopt the new reality. They are employing advanced technology to develop innovative products and approaches for customers and markets. This study analyzes the impact of innovation on economic growth in Balkan Countries by using annual data for the period between 2011 and 2022. This study uses the individual pillars of the Global Innovation Index as the explanatory variables of GDP Growth rate. Through a panel data analysis, the findings of the study suggest that creative output and infrastructure have a positive significant effect on the GDP growth rate, while the effect of institutions is negative. The test employed failed to prove any impact of other pillars of innovation on economic growth meaning that the impact of other pillars is still insignificant. The findings of this study may serve policymakers to work on the direction of enhancing the impact of all innovation pillars on the economic growth rate.