bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PESERTA DIDIK PUTRI DI SMAN 6 BULUKUMBA KELAS X DENGAN KEJADIAN DISMENOREA KECAMATAN HERLANG KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Jusni  , Rivandi Akhmad , Erniawati  , Andriani Lili , Kamaruddin Mudyawati
Published: February 2021

Permasalahan kesehatan reproduksi di kalangan remaja putri yang berkaitan dengan gangguan menstruasi atau dismenorea masih cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan data WHO (World Health Organization) kejadian dismenorea di dunia rata-rata 50% sedangkan di Indonesia sebesar 64,25% yang mengalami dismenorea. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui angka kejadian dismenorea pada peserta didik putri di SMA Negeri 6 Bulukumba kelas X dan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan peserta didik putri di SMA Negeri 6 Bulukumba kelas X dengan kejadian dismenorea. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriftif, rancangan yang di gunakan adalah Cross Sectional, yaitu sampel penelitian yang diamati pada waktu yang sama. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah hampir semua siswa mempunyai pengetahuan cukup baik dari kelompok yang mengalami Dismenorea (89,2%), maupun siswa yang tidak mengalami Dismenorea (54,5%). Siswa yang berpengetahuan baik didominasi pada kelompok yang tidak mengalami dismenorea (42.4%), sedangakn pada kelompok dismenorea hanya 2.7%. Sebaliknya siswa yang berpengetahuan kurang, didominasi pada kelompok dismenorea yaitu 8,1 %, dan 3.0% dari kelompok siswa yang tidak mengalami dismenorea. Berdasarkan hasil Chi square bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan peserta didik putri dengan kejadian dismenorea dengan nilai 0.001 < 0,05.
GAMBARAN RESPONSE TIME DAN KARAKTERISTIK PETUGAS IGD RSU ANUTAPURA PALU TAHUN 2019
Authors: St Nashrah Azia Dwi , Atikah Sitti , Ilhamjaya Andi Meutiah
Published: February 2021

IGD sebagai gerbang utama penanganan kasus gawat darurat di rumah sakit memegang peranan penting dalam upaya penyelamatan hidup klien. Kecepatan dan ketepatan pertolongan yang diberikan pada pasien yang datang ke IGD memerlukan standar baku sehingga dapat menjamin suatu penanganan gawat darurat dengan response time yang cepat dan tepat. Response time yang cepat dan tepat merupakan salah satu penentu kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan rumah sakit. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan jumlah sampel 100 orang pasien dan 35 orang petugas. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrument kuesioner, dan teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan uji distribusi frekuensi. Sebanyak 94 pasien (95%) memperoleh response time baik (<5 bmenit), 4 pasien (4,0%) response time cukup (5-10 menit), dan 1 pasien (1,0%) memperoleh response time buruk (>10 menit). (2) Karakteristik petugas medis di IGD RSU Anutapura berdasarkan jenis kelamin yaitu 20 orang (57,14%) laki-laki dan 15 orang (42,86%) perempuan. (3) Berdasarkan lama bekerja petugas IGD di RSU Anutapura Palu kategori terbanyak adalah sudah bekerja selama >5 tahun yaitu 19 orang (54,29%), 1-5 tahun sebanyak 10 orang (28,57%) dan <1 tahun sebanyak 6 orang (17,14%). (4) Berdasarkan pengalaman pelatihan petugas medis sebanyak 31 orang (88,57%) telah mengikuti ATLS/BTLS, ACLS/BCLS serta 4 orang (11,43%) belum mengikuti pelatihan. (5) Berdasarkan fasilitas penunjang medis di IGD RSU Anutapura Palu, diperoleh 33 orang (94,29%) petugas IGD menyatakan terpenuhi dan 2 orang (5,71%) menyatakan belum terpenuhi. Disimpulkan bahwa ditemukan sebanyak 95 pasien (95%) mendapatkan response time baik (≤5 menit), hal ini ditunjang dengan karakteristik petugas medis di IGD RSU Anutapura berdasarkan jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki yaitu 20 orang (57,14%) dengan 19 orang (54,29%) diantaranya sudah bekerja selama >5 tahun serta 31 orang (88,57%) petugas medis telah mengikuti pelatihan, ditambah lagi kecepatan waktu tanggap (response time) petugas medis ditunjang dengan fasilitas medis di IGD RSU Anutapura Palu yang tergolong memadai dibuktikan dari 33 orang (94,29%) petugas medis di IGD menyatakan terpenuhi dengan fasilitas tersebut.
D-dimer daily continuous tendency predicts the short-term prognosis for COVID-19 independently: A retrospective study from Northeast China
Authors: Xing Yinting , Yang Wei , Jin Yingyu , Wang Chao , Guan Xiuru
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To study whether D-dimer daily continuous tendency could predict the short-term prognosis of COVID-19. PATIENTS AND METHODES: According to the short-term prognosis, 81 COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups, one of worse prognosis (Group W) and the other of better prognosis (Group B). The slope of D-dimer linear regression during hospitalization (SLOPE) was calculated as an indicator of D-dimer daily continuous tendency. The SLOPE difference between Group W and Group B was compared. The difference between the discharge results and the 3-month follow-up results was also compared. COX regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between SLOPE and short-term prognosis of COVID-19. RESULTS: There were 16 patients in Group W and 65 patients in Group B. Group W had more critical proportion (p < 0.0001), indicating that the symptoms of its patients were more severe during hospitalization. ARDS, the most visible cause of worse prognosis, accounted for up to 68.75%, and many symptoms merged and resulted in worse prognosis. The D-dimer levels of Group W not only were significantly higher (p < 0.0001), but also showed an increasing trend. In addition, the D-dimer levels at discharge were significantly higher than those at follow-up (p = 0.0261), and the mean difference was as high as 0.7474. SLOPE significantly correlated with the short-term prognosis of COVID-19 independently (RR: 1.687, 95% CI: 1.345–2.116, P < 0.0001). The worst prognosis occurred most likely during the first month after COVID-19 diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Our study found that D-dimer daily continuous tendency independently correlates with worse prognosis and can be used as an independent predictor of the short-term prognosis for COVID-19.
Arthrospira platensis accelerates the formation of an endothelial cell monolayer and protects against endothelial cell detachment after bacterial contamination
Authors: Krüger-Genge A. , Steinbrecht S. , Jung C.G.H. , Westphal Sophia , Klöpzig Stefanie , Waldeck P. , Küpper J.-H. , Storsberg J. , Jung F.
Published: February 2021

Within the last years a comprehensive number of scientific studies demonstrated beneficial effect of Arthropira platensis (AP) as dietary supplement due to a high content of proteins, minerals and vitamins. Positive effects like promoting the immune system, reducing inflammation and an anti-oxidant capacity are reported. In this study, the effect of an aqueous AP extract on primary human venous endothelial cells (HUVEC) was investigated. In addition, the effect of AP on HUVEC treated with a bacterial toxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPA), inducing an activation of HUVEC and cellular detachment, was analyzed. Depending on the concentration of AP extract a significantly accelerated formation of an endothelial cell monolayer was observed. Furthermore, the detachment of HUVEC after LPA addition was dramatically reduced by AP. In conclusion, the data are promising and indicatory for an application of Arthrospira platensis in the clinical field.
Chapter 10. Random Satisfiabiliy
Authors: Achlioptas Dimitris
Published: February 2021

In the last twenty years a significant amount of effort has been devoted to the study of randomly generated satisfiability instances. While a number of generative models have been proposed, uniformly random k-CNF formulas are by now the dominant and most studied model. One reason for this is that such formulas enjoy a number of intriguing mathematical properties, including the following: for each k≥3, there is a critical value, rk, of the clauses-to-variables ratio, r, such that for rrk it is unsatisfiable with probability that tends to 1 as n→∞. Algorithmically, even at densities much below rk, no polynomial-time algorithm is known that can find any solution even with constant probability, while for all densities greater than rk, the length of every resolution proof of unsatisfiability is exponential (and, thus, so is the running time of every DPLL-type algorithm). By now, the study of random k-CNF formulas has also attracted attention in areas such as mathematics and statistical physics and is at the center of an area of intense research activity. At the same time, random k-SAT instances are a popular benchmark for testing and tuning satisfiability algorithms. Indeed, some of the better practical ideas in use today come from insights gained by studying the performance of algorithms on them. We review old and recent mathematical results about random k-CNF formulas, demonstrating that the connection between computational complexity and phase transitions is both deep and highly nuanced.
Chapter 11. Exploiting Runtime Variation in Complete Solvers
Authors: Gomes Carla P. , Sabharwal Ashish
Published: February 2021

It has become well know over time that the performance of backtrack-style complete SAT solvers can vary dramatically depending on “little” details of the heuristics used, such as the way one selects the next variable to branch on and in what order the possible values are assigned to the variable. Extreme variations can result even from simple tie breaking mechanisms necessarily employed in all SAT solvers. The discovery of this extreme runtime variation has been both a stumbling block and an opportunity. This chapter focuses on providing an understanding of this intriguing phenomenon, particularly in terms of the so-called heavy tailed nature of the runtime distributions of systematic SAT solvers. It describes a simple formal model based on expensive mistakes to explain runtime distributions seen in practice, and discusses randomization and restart strategies that can be used to effectively overcome the negative impact of heavy tailed behavior. Finally, the chapter discusses the notion of backdoor variables, which explain the unexpectedly short runs one also often sees in practice.
Chapter 15. Proofs of Unsatisfiability
Authors: Heule Marijn J.H.
Published: February 2021

Satisfiability (SAT) solvers have become complex tools, which raises the question of whether we can trust their results. This question is particularly important when the solvers are used to determine the correctness of hardware and software and when they are used to produce mathematical results. To deal with this issue, solvers can provide proofs of unsatisfiability to certify the correctness of their answers. This chapter presents the history and state-of-the-art of producing and validating proofs of unsatisfiability. The chapter covers the most popular proof formats with and without hints to speed up certification. Hints in proofs make validation easy, which resulted in several efficient formally-verified checkers. Various proof systems are discussed, ranging from resolution to the recent propagation redundancy system. The chapter also describes techniques to compress and optimize proofs.
Chapter 20. Software Verification
Authors: Kroening Daniel
Published: February 2021

This chapter covers an application of propositional satisfiability to program analysis. We focus on the discovery of programming flaws in low-level programs, such as embedded software. The loops in the program are unwound together with a property to form a formula, which is then converted into CNF. The method supports low-level programming constructs such as bit-wise operators or pointer arithmetic.
Chapter 23. MaxSAT, Hard and Soft Constraints
Authors: Li Chu Min , Manyà Felip
Published: February 2021

MaxSAT solving is becoming a competitive generic approach for solving combinatorial optimization problems, partly due to the development of new solving techniques that have been recently incorporated into modern MaxSAT solvers, and to the challenge problems posed at the MaxSAT Evaluations. In this chapter we present the most relevant results on both approximate and exact MaxSAT solving, and survey in more detail the techniques that have proven to be useful in branch and bound MaxSAT and Weighted MaxSAT solvers. Among such techniques, we pay special attention to the definition of good quality lower bounds, powerful inference rules, clever variable selection heuristics and suitable data structures. Moreover, we discuss the advantages of dealing with hard and soft constraints in the Partial MaxSAT formalims, and present a summary of the MaxSAT Evaluations that have been organized so far as affiliated events of the International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing.
Chapter 24. Maximum Satisfiability
Authors: Bacchus Fahiem , Järvisalo Matti , Martins Ruben
Published: February 2021

Maximum satisfiability (MaxSAT) is an optimization version of SAT that is solved by finding an optimal truth assignment instead of just a satisfying one. In MaxSAT the objective function to be optimized is specified by a set of weighted soft clauses: the objective value of a truth assignment is the sum of the weights of the soft clauses it satisfies. In addition, the MaxSAT problem can have hard clauses that the truth assignment must satisfy. Many optimization problems can be naturally encoded into MaxSAT and this, along with significant performance improvements in MaxSAT solvers, has led to MaxSAT being used in a number of different application areas. This chapter provides a detailed overview of the approaches to MaxSAT solving that have in recent years been most successful in solving real-world optimization problems. Further recent developments in MaxSAT research are also overviewed, including encodings, applications, preprocessing, incomplete solving, algorithm portfolios, partitioning-based solving, and parallel solving.
Chapter 26. Approximate Model Counting
Authors: Chakraborty Supratik , Meel Kuldeep S. , Vardi Moshe Y.
Published: February 2021

Model counting, or counting solutions of a set of constraints, is a fundamental problem in Computer Science with diverse applications. Since exact counting is computationally hard (#P complete), approximate counting techniques have received much attention over the past few decades. In this chapter, we focus on counting models of propositional formulas, and discuss in detail universal-hashing based approximate counting, which has emerged as the predominant paradigm for state-of-the-art approximate model counters. These counters are randomized algorithms that exploit properties of universal hash functions to provide rigorous approximation guarantees, while piggybacking on impressive advances in propositional satisfiability solving to scale up to problem instances with a million variables. We elaborate on various choices in designing such approximate counters and the implications of these choices. We also discuss variants of approximate model counting, such as DNF counting and weighted counting.
Chapter 30. Reasoning with Quantified Boolean Formulas
Authors: Giunchiglia Enrico , Marin Paolo , Narizzano Massimo
Published: February 2021

The implementation of effective reasoning tools for deciding the satisfiability of Quantified Boolean Formulas(QBFs) is an important research issue in Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science. Indeed, QBF solvers have already been proposed for many reasoning tasks in knowledge representation and reasoning, in automated planning and in formal methods for computer aided design. Even more, since QBF reasoning is the prototypical PSPACE problem, the reduction of many other decision problems in PSPACE are readily available. For these reasons, in the last few years several decision procedures for QBFs have been proposed and implemented, mostly based either on search or on variable elimination, or on a combination of the two. In this chapter, after a brief recap of the basic terminology and notation about QBFs, we briefly review various applications of QBF reasoning that have been recently proposed, and then we focus on the description of the main approaches which are at the basis of currently available solvers for prenex QBFs in conjunctive normal form (CNF). Other approaches and extensions to non prenex, non CNF QBFs are briefly reviewed at the end of the chapter.
Chapter 33. Satisfiability Modulo Theories
Authors: Barrett Clark , Sebastiani Roberto , Seshia Sanjit A. , Tinelli Cesare
Published: February 2021

Applications in artificial intelligence, formal verification, and other areas have greatly benefited from the recent advances in SAT. It is often the case, however, that applications in these fields require determining the satisfiability of formulas in more expressive logics such as first-order logic. Also, these applications typically require not general first-order satisfiability, but rather satisfiability with respect to some background theory, which fixes the interpretations of certain predicate and function symbols. For many background theories, specialized methods yield decision procedures for the satisfiability of quantifier-free formulas or some subclass thereof. Specialized decision procedures have been discovered for a long and still growing list of theories with practical applications. These include the theory of equality, various theories of arithmetic, and certain theories of arrays, as well as theories of lists, tuples, records, and bit-vectors of a fixed or arbitrary finite size. The research field concerned with determining the satisfiability of formulas with respect to some background theory is called Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT). This chapter provides a brief overview of SMT together with references to the relevant literature for a deeper study. It begins with an overview of techniques for solving SMT problems by encodings to SAT. The rest of the chapter is mostly concerned with an alternative approach in which a SAT solver is integrated with a separate decision procedure (called a theory solver) for conjunctions of literals in the background theory. After presenting this approach as a whole, the chapter provides more details on how to construct and combine theory solvers, and discusses several extensions and enhancements.
Particulate Matter Exposure Exacerbates Amyloid-β Plaque Deposition and Gliosis in APP/PS1 Mice
Authors: Sahu Bijayani , Mackos Amy R. , Floden Angela M. , Wold Loren E. , Combs Colin K.
Published: February 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neuroinflammation, and neuronal death. There are several well-established genetic and environmental factors hypothesized to contribute to AD progression including air pollution. However, the molecular mechanisms by which air pollution exacerbates AD are unclear. Objective: This study explored the effects of particulate matter exposure on AD-related brain changes using the APP/PS1 transgenic model of disease. Methods: Male C57BL/6;C3H wild type and APP/PS1 mice were exposed to either filtered air (FA) or particulate matter sized under 2.5μm (PM2.5) for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 3 months and brains were collected. Immunohistochemistry for Aβ, GFAP, Iba1, and CD68 and western blot analysis for PS1, BACE, APP, GFAP, and Iba1 were performed. Aβ ELISAs and cytokine arrays were performed on frozen hippocampal and cortical lysates, respectively. Results: The Aβ plaque load was significantly increased in the hippocampus of PM2.5-exposed APP/PS1 mice compared to their respective FA controls. Additionally, in the PM2.5-exposed APP/PS1 group, increased astrocytosis and microgliosis were observed as indicated by elevated GFAP, Iba1, and CD68 immunoreactivities. PM2.5 exposure also led to an elevation in the levels of PS1 and BACE in APP/PS1 mice. The cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and MIP-3α were also elevated in the cortices of PM2.5-exposed APP/PS1 mice compared to FA controls. Conclusion: Our data suggest that chronic particulate matter exposure exacerbates AD by increasing Aβ plaque load, gliosis, and the brain inflammatory status.
Hippocampal Volume and Amyloid PET Status Three Years After Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study
Authors: Brodtmann Amy , Khlif Mohamed Salah , Bird Laura J. , Cumming Toby , Werden Emilio
Published: February 2021

Hippocampal atrophy is seen in many neurodegenerative disorders and may be a cardinal feature of vascular neurodegeneration. We examined hippocampal volume (HV) in a group of ischemic stroke survivors with amyloid 18F-NAV4694 PET imaging three years after stroke. We compared HV between the amyloid-positive (n = 4) and amyloid-negative (n = 29) groups, and associations with co-morbidities using Charlson Comorbidity Indices and multi-way ANOVA. Amyloid status was not associated with verbal or visual delayed free recall memory indices or cognitive impairment. We found no association between amyloid status and HV in this group of ischemic stroke survivors.
Significant Overlap of α-Synuclein, Amyloid-β, and Phospho-Tau Pathologies in Neuropathological Diagnosis of Lewy-related Pathology: Evidence from China Human Brain Bank
Authors: Cong Cong , Zhang Wanying , Qian Xiaojing , Qiu Wenying , Ma Chao
Published: February 2021

Background: Lewy-related pathology (LRP), primarily comprised of α-synuclein, is a typical neuropathological change that has been identified in many neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), PD with dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies. Objective: To investigate the distribution of LRP in the China Human Brain Bank, the co-occurrence of neuropathologic features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in LRP cases, and LRP-related cognitive dysfunction. Methods: LRP neuropathological diagnosis was performed in 180 postmortem brains. AD neuropathological diagnosis was then performed in the 21 neuropathologically-diagnosed LRP cases. Antemortem cognitive functioning evaluation (Everyday Cognitive, ECog) was assessed for brain donors by the immediate kin of the donor within 24 hours after death. Results: 12% (21 in 180) postmortem brains were neuropathologically diagnosed as LRP cases. 86% (18 in 21) aged above 80, 81% (17 in 21) LRP cases combined with AD neuropathology, and 62% (13 in 21) combined with both the intermediate or high-level amyloid-β and phospho-tau pathologies. ECog scores showed significant differences between the groups of LRP brainstem-predominant type and LRP diffuse neocortical type, and between groups of AD and the combined LRP (diffuse neocortical type)-AD. Conclusion: The overlap of neocortical α-synuclein, amyloid-β, phospho-tau, and neuritic plaques in LRP suggested the potential interplay among the common characteristics of proteinopathies in the late stage of neuropathological development of LRP in human brains. The anatomic progression of LRP, the process of α-synuclein spreading from the brainstem to limbic and neocortical regions, might aggravate the deterioration of cognitive function in addition to that effect of AD.
Accuracy improvement of 6-UPS Stewart forward kinematics solution based on self-aggregating MFO algorithm
Authors: Liu Wanzheng , Xu Ying , Shao Meng , Yue Guodong , An Dong
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a Stewart’s positive solution optimization model is proposed, for obtaining the complex solution to a Stewart’s forward kinematics problem, considering the existence of multiple solutions. The model converts the positive kinematics problem into an optimization problem, in which the value of the objective function is used to represent the precision of Stewart’s positive solution. A self-aggregating moth–flame optimization algorithm (SMFO) is used to improve the accuracy of Stewart’s forward kinematics solution. Two features were added to the conventional MFO algorithm to obtain a more stable balance between global and local explorations. First, Gaussian distribution was used for the flame population to select suitable individuals for Levy Flight operation, increase the diversity of the population, and enhance the algorithm’s ability to jump out of a local optimum. Second, in the middle and late iterations, the positions of the flames were periodically adjusted using the light intensity-attraction characteristic (LIAC) to strengthen the connection between individual flames and enhance the local exploration ability of the algorithm. The proposed SMFO algorithm is compared with three classic meta-heuristic algorithms for eight benchmark functions. Experimental results indicate that the SMFO algorithm is significantly better than the other three algorithms in terms of solution quality and convergence rate. To verify the effectiveness of the SMFO algorithm in solving the Stewart positive kinematics optimization model, values of eight sets of conventional position and posture parameters as well as limiting position and posture parameters were randomly obtained, and values of 16 sets of position and posture parameters were obtained using four algorithms. The results indicate that the SMFO algorithm can improve the accuracy of the forward kinematics solution to 4.05E-09 mm.
The euBusinessGraph ontology: A lightweight ontology for harmonizing basic company information
Authors: Roman Dumitru , Alexiev Vladimir , Paniagua Javier , Elvesæter Brian , von Zernichow Bjørn Marius , Soylu Ahmet , Simeonov Boyan , Taggart Chris
Published: February 2021

Company data, ranging from basic company information such as company name(s) and incorporation date to complex balance sheets and personal data about directors and shareholders, are the foundation that many data value chains depend upon in various sectors (e.g., business information, marketing and sales, etc.). Company data becomes a valuable asset when data is collected and integrated from a variety of sources, both authoritative (e.g., national business registers) and non-authoritative (e.g., company websites). Company data integration is however a difficult task primarily due to the heterogeneity and complexity of company data, and the lack of generally agreed upon semantic descriptions of the concepts in this domain. In this article, we introduce the euBusinessGraph ontology as a lightweight mechanism for harmonising company data for the purpose of aggregating, linking, provisioning and analysing basic company data. The article provides an overview of the related work, ontology scope, ontology development process, explanations of core concepts and relationships, and the implementation of the ontology. Furthermore, we present scenarios where the ontology was used, among others, for publishing company data (business knowledge graph) and for comparing data from various company data providers. The euBusinessGraph ontology serves as an asset not only for enabling various tasks related to company data but also on which various extensions can be built upon.
Functional cooperation between two otoconial proteins Oc90 and Nox3
Authors: Xu Yinfang , Yang Liping , Zhao Xing , Zhang Yan , Jones Timothy A. , Jones Sherri M. , Lundberg Yunxia Wang
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Otoconia-related vertigo and balance deficits are common in humans, but the molecular etiology is unknown at present. OBJECTIVE: In order to study mechanisms of otoconia formation and maintenance, we have investigated whether otoconin-90 (Oc90), the predominant otoconial constituent protein, and the NADPH oxidase Nox3, an essential regulatory protein for otoconia formation, are functionally interlinked. METHODS: We performed balance behavioral, electrophysiological, morphological and molecular cellular analyses. RESULTS: Double heterozygous mutant mice for Oc90 and Nox3 show severe imbalance, albeit less profound than double null mutants. In contrast, single heterozygous mutant mice have normal balance. Double heterozygous mice have otoconia defects and double null mice have no otoconia. In addition, some hair bundles in the latter mice go through accelerated degeneration. In vitro calcification analysis in cells stably expressing these proteins singly and doubly shows much more intense calcification in the double transfectants. CONCLUSIONS: Oc90 and Nox3 augment each other’s function, which is not only critical for otoconia formation but also for hair bundle maintenance.
Review of Online Discussion Board to Improve Academic Achievement in Pandemic Time Learning
Authors: Sudarmo Sudarmo
Published: February 2021

This article analyzed online board discussions' effectiveness as an alternative learning method in response to health protocol policies and compulsory education during Indonesia's pandemic emergency. Since COVID-19 hit in the world, WHO and UNESCO have obliged all countries has been applying technology-assisted distance learning. To get the learning application's effectiveness using the online discussion board method. The researcher analyzed fifteen findings of learning experts during the pandemic, which were published in international journals. The researcher analyzed qualitatively through coding, in-depth interpretation and concluding and ensures that the findings were valid and reliable. The results showed that the online discussion board has become an alternative method during learning during the COVID-19 period, such as podcast applications, ZOOM, Google Classroom. Therefore, the researcher recommends that applying this online discussion as most method was recommended to improve learning and maintain safety during a pandemic.

Keywords: Online Discussion Board, Improving Academic Achievement, Learning in Pandemic
New Plants for Florida: Grape
Authors: Jones Richard L. , Duryea Mary , Treat Berry J.
Published: February 2021

Until the 1980s, nearly all research effort was focused on development of disease-resistant bunch grape varieties. In the late 1970s, muscadine breeding began to be emphasized. Developments of biotechnological procedures to facilitate genetic improvement of grape began at the Leesburg site in 1984 and continue at Apopka, Florida. The program has been responsible for a number of pivotal technological advances for grape and has been awarded two U.S. patents for work in genetic transformation. This document is part of Circular 1440, a publication of the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, the Agronomy Department and IFAS Communication Services, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date August 2003. Originally published as a booklet by IFAS Communication Services June 2003.
New Plants for Florida: Citrus
Authors: Gmitter Fred , Jones Richard L. , Duryea Mary , Treat Berry J.
Published: February 2021

The FAES team of citrus scientists has been recognized by the Florida citrus industry as an invaluable resource. In an integrated project funded by the industry, the labs are working together to address the most serious threats to the citrus industry. This document is part of Circular 1440, a publication of the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, the Agronomy Department and IFAS Communication Services, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date August 2003. Originally published as a booklet by IFAS Communication Services June 2003.

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ag211
Fabric-Container-Grown Trees
Authors: Gilman Edward F.
Published: February 2021

Some growers produce trees in fabric containers above ground. The fabric allows air to prune roots and the fabric itself prunes roots. The result is a reduction in the amount of roots circling around the container wall. There is little published information on the tree growth in this production system. This document is ENH870, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food andAgricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date July 12, 2002.
Amendments at Planting and Backfilling
Authors: Gilman Edward F.
Published: February 2021

This document is ENH871, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date July 12, 2002.
Assistance for Florida's Rural Communities: The Florida Resource Directory
Authors: Mulkey David , Cothran Henry
Published: February 2021

Local communities, as well as organizations and businesses within those communities, often need information about the types of assistance programs available through state and federal government. In response to this need in Florida, the Governor's Office of Trade, Tourism, and Economic Development maintains the Florida Resource Directory. This is EDIS document FE425, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Published August 2003.

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe425
How I Grow: Months Nine and Ten
Authors: Ferrer Millie , Fugate Anne M.
Published: February 2021

Months nine and ten mark an exciting spurt in your baby’s development. This “growth spurt” is fueled by her great curiosity. She wants to look at, feel, taste, and move everything. Because she wants to explore, she is learning how to get around. Your baby’s curiosity is necessary and wonderful. It is the foundation of a lifetime of learning. As much as ever, your baby needs you to encourage and nurture her curiosity. At this stage of herdevelopment, that means letting her have as much freedom to explore her environment as possible. To keep her safe and prevent her from being spoiled, you will need to set and enforce limits. By giving your babyfreedom to explore and providing safe, reasonable limits, you will help her develop physically, socially, emotionally, and intellectually. This document is FCS2221, one of a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32611. First published: August 2003.
University of Florida Potato Variety Trials Spotlight: 'Marcy'
Authors: Andrade Mario H. M. L. , Mwatuwa Rodrick Z. , Christensen Christian T. , Zotarelli Lincoln
Published: February 2021

‘Marcy’ is a white-flesh and white-skinned fresh-market potato variety released from the Cornell University Potato Breeding program in 1990. The cultivar was selected from a cross between ‘Atlantic’ and Q155-3 (De Jong et al. 2006). In trials conducted at the University of Florida, ‘Marcy’ demonstrated high yield and good tuber characteristics compared to its matched commercial standards, ‘Atlantic’ and ‘La Chipper’. After its release, ‘Marcy’ has been cultivated in several trials in Florida. Production and quality results provided here are from variety trials conducted by the University of Florida Hastings Agricultural and Extension Center in 2002 and from 2011 to 2019.

This is a minor revision with an added author. Originally published 3/2016.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1277
Production Guide of Vegetable Amaranth for Florida
Authors: Qiu Yuheng , Liu Guodong
Published: February 2021

Vegetable amaranth is a beautiful and nutritious vegetable in the family Amaranthaceae. This vegetable has been cultivated in China for more than 400 years and has been introduced to several US states, such as Mississippi and Missouri. Florida's mild climate combined with amaranth's exceptional taste, nutrients, and colorful foliage suggest amaranth is a potential crop for commercial production for Florida. This new 7-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department is intended to provide Florida growers with a production guide for vegetable amaranth to enhance its competitiveness and boost the economy by introducing this potential cash crop to growers. Written by Yuheng Qiu and Guodong Liu.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1407
Potato Physiological Disorders - Brown Center and Hollow Heart
Authors: Hutchinson Chad M.
Published: February 2021

Brown center and hollow heart are physiological disorders of the potato tuber. Brown center is characterized by a region of cell death in the pith of the tuber which results in brown tissue. Hollow heart is characterized by a star shape hollow in the center of the tuber. Brown center frequently precedes the development of hollow heart. Neither disorder is initiated by a disease organism. This document is HS945, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: August 2003.

HS945/HS197: Potato Physiological Disorders?Brown Center and Hollow Heart (ufl.edu)
The Pecan Tree
Authors: Andersen Peter C. , Crocker T. E.
Published: February 2021

This document is HS984, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First published May 2004.

HS982/HS229: The Pecan Tree (ufl.edu)
Illustrated Key to the Genera of Free-Living Marine Nematodes in the Superfamily Chromadoroides Exclusive of the Chromadoridae
Authors: Tarjan Armen C. , Keppner Edwin J.
Published: February 2021

This is an illustrated key to 55 genera of free-living marine nematodes of the superfamily Chromadoroidea, exclusive of the Chromadoridae, (Nematoda: Chromadorida: Chromadorina). Illustrations are almost all limited to the heads and caudal regions of the included genera. Specific anatomical features are designated to facilitate use of the key. This document is EENY-082, one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: August 1999. 

EENY082/IN239: Illustrated Key to the Genera of Free-Living Marine Nematodes in the Superfamily Chromadoroides?Exclusive of the Chromadoridae (ufl.edu)
Pleasing Fungus Beetles, Pseudischyrus, Tritoma, Megalodacne, Ischyrus spp. (Insecta: Coleoptera: Erotylidae)
Authors: Skelley Paul E.
Published: February 2021

The bright color patterns of pleasing fungus beetles never fail to attract attention, but because of their cryptic habits they are rarely seen except by the dedicated mushroom hunter and entomologists. This document is EENY-091 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular No. 313), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: June 1999.

EENY091/IN248: Pleasing Fungus Beetles, Pseudischyrus, Tritoma, Megalodacne, Ischyrus spp. (Insecta: Coleoptera: Erotylidae) (ufl.edu)
Southern House Spider, Kukulcania (= Filistata) hibernalis Hentz (Arachnida: Arneae: Filistatidae)
Authors: Edwards Glavis B. , McCanless K.
Published: February 2021

The southern house spider, Kukulcania (Filistata) hibernalis Hentz, is a conspicuous arachnid in Florida due to its relatively large size and distinctive flat, tangled web. It is common throughout Florida and much of the southern United States in human populated areas. Males of this species are often mistaken for the notorious brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch and Mulaik, because of their color and general shape. Southern house spiders are not known to have a dangerous bite. However, two bite cases reportedly caused the victims pain and swelling for a few days. This document is EENY-144, one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: July 2000. Revised: June 2003. 

EENY144/IN301: Southern House Spider, Kukulcania hibernalis (Hentz) (Arachnida: Araneae: Filistatidae) (ufl.edu)
Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) and False Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa juncta (Germar) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Jacques, Jr. Richard L.
Published: February 2021

True "potato beetles" are members of the beetle genus Leptinotarsa, with 32 species in North America, including Mexico; 10 species in the continental United States, including two species in Florida. The most notable is the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), found in Florida and most of the United States, and introduced into Europe and parts of Asia. It is a serious pest of potatoes and other solanaceous plants. This document is EENY-146 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 271), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: July 2000. Revised: August 2003. 

EENY146/IN303: Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), and False Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa juncta (Germar) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (ufl.edu)
Scouting for Insects, Use of Thresholds and Conservation of Beneficial Insects on Tomatoes
Authors: Schuster David J.
Published: February 2021

This article provides a description of the rationale of scouting methodology, action thresholds, and pesticide selection criteria for tomatoes. This document is ENY685, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date June 2003.

ENY685/IN482: Scouting for Insects, Use of Thresholds, and Conservation of Beneficial Insects on Tomatoes (ufl.edu)
Pharaoh Ant, Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Nickerson J. C. , Harris Donny L. , Fasulo Thomas R.
Published: February 2021

The ant, Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus), is commonly known as the Pharaoh ant. This ant is distributed worldwide, is one of the more common household ants, and carries the dubious distinction of being the most difficult household ant to control.  This document is EENY-290 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 256), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: June 2003.

EENY290/IN533: Pharaoh Ant, Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (ufl.edu)
Effective Meetings
Authors: Guion Lisa A. , Bolton Elizabeth B.
Published: February 2021

This lesson contains practical information on planning and conducting effective meetings. Topics covered include preparing for the meeting, getting the meeting off to a good start, creating an atmosphere for participation, moving the meeting forward to get results, ending the meeting, and following up after the meeting. Each topic highlights how to maximize meeting productivity and effectiveness. This document is PE051, one of a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, IFAS, University of Florida. Publication date: August 2003.
How Can You Reduce Flooding Damage to Vegetable Crops?
Authors: Li Yuncong , Rao Renuka , Reed Stewart
Published: February 2021

Several management practices have been reported to help crops partially or entirely overcome flood damage. For example, the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers overcomes N deficiency, while natural or synthetic hormones are used to correct hormone imbalances, and the addition of fungicides help control soil-borne pathogens. We recently conducted a flooding experiment with bush bean, cowpea, and sweet corn. This article recommends some practices to alleviate flooding damage of vegetables. This document is SL 206, one of a series of the Soil and Water Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication Date: August 2003. 

SL 206/SS425: Practices to Minimize Flooding Damage to Commercial Vegetable Production (ufl.edu)
Időskor: társadalmi konstrukció és saját narratívák
Authors: Zsinka Flóra
Published: February 2021

A jóléti társadalmakban a népesség elöregedésének gazdasági, társadalmi hatásait taglaló domináns diskurzusok révén a növekvő számú időskorú népesség problémává konstruálódik. A tanulmány először azokat a folyamatokat, tényezőket veszi szemügyre, amelyek a demográfiai változásokat problematizáló ideológiával átszőve hozzájárulnak az időskor olyan társadalmi konstrukciójának létrejöttéhez, amely az időskorúakat az aktív népesség által megtermelt erőforrásokat felélő, ellátásra, gondozásra szoruló homogenizált csoportként jeleníti meg. Részletesebben kitér az egyes szerzők által apokaliptikus demográfiaként definiált jelenségre és a medikalizáció szerepére. Az időseket infantilizáló, másokra ráutalt, kiszolgáltatott helyzetben pozicionáló elgondolások szimbolikusan megfosztják az idős embereket a teljes értékű felnőtt státuszától, és egyenlőtlen viszonyokat hoznak létre az életkori csoportok között. Az így létrejövő hatalmi relációkat a tanulmány Bourdieu szimbolikuserőszak-fogalma segítségével próbálja értelmezni. Ezt követően az írás a narratív biográfiai elemzés módszerével törekszik az időskori élethelyzetek sokféleségének bemutatására. Az időskort homogenizált kategóriaként felfogó, az életút többi részétől elidegenítve konceptualizáló logikával szemben amellett érvel, hogy a kései életszakasz megtapasztalása személyenként nagymértékben eltérő lehet az egyéni életút függvényében.
Pengetahuan Anak Usia Sekolah tentang Cuci Tangan yang Benar di Kecamatan Martapura
Authors: Ikasari Filia Sofiani , Anggana Renditya
Published: February 2021

Anak usia sekolah merupakan anak dalam rentang usia enam hingga dua belas tahun. Pada rentang usia ini anak telah menghabiskan banyak waktu di sekolah dan berisiko tertular berbagai penyakit yang berasal dari lingkungan dan teman-teman di sekolah. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penularan penyakit adalah dengan melakukan cuci tangan. Kesadaran akan pentingnya cuci tangan dimulai dari pengetahuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan anak usia sekolah tentang cuci tangan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskripsi sederhana pada anak kelas II, III, IV dan V di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Jawa 5 Martapura dengan jumlah sampel 393 responden. Responden didapat menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan responden yang baik sebanyak 55,7%, pengetahuan cukup 36,1% dan pengetahuan yang kurang sebanyak 8,2% tentang cuci tangan yang benar. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya pendidikan kesehatan yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik anak usia sekolah dan diberikan secara berkelanjutan. Children's knowledge of schools about true washes in Martapura district. School-age children are children in the age range of six to twelve years. In this age range the child has spent a lot of time at school and at risk of contracting various diseases that come from the environment and friends at school. One effort to prevent transmission of disease is by washing hands. Awareness of the importance of hand washing starts with knowledge. This study aims to determine the description of the knowledge of school-age children about hand washing. This research is a simple description research in class II, III, IV and V students at the State Elementary School 5 Jawa Martapura with a sample of 393 respondents. Respondents obtained using simple random sampling technique. The results showed that respondents' good knowledge level was 55.7%, sufficient knowledge 36.1% and insufficient knowledge as much as 8.2% about proper hand washing. This study recommends the need for health education that suitable to the characteristics of school-age children and provided on an ongoing basis.