bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El principio de eficacia como vínculo entre el derecho y la economía
Authors: Candela Talavero José Enrique
Published: September 2023

En el Estado social y democrático de derecho tienen que respetarse determinados valores para que la actuación pública se legitime democráticamente, y asegure la eficacia en sus resoluciones para la satisfacción de las necesidades de la colectividad. La Constitución presenta manifestaciones en que la eficacia es guía de los poderes públicos por cuanto tienen que lograr que la libertad y la igualdad sean reales y efectivas. Además, la eficacia supone atender la realidad de los servicios públicos y los sectores regulados donde confluyen el mercado y lo público, dando lugar a actividades intervenidas, tuteladas, programadas y en muchos casos asumidas por los poderes públicos.
La prohibición constitucional de la confiscatoriedad en la denominada “plusvalía municipal”
Authors: Gobierno Local Fundación
Published: September 2023

El Tribunal Constitucional ha declarado inconstitucionales liquidaciones de plusvalía municipal tanto en situaciones de no concurrencia de incremento de valor (ausencia de hecho imponible) como cuando la cuota tributaria sea igual o superior al incremento (por infracción del principio de no confiscatoriedad).

En relación con cuotas tributarias que absorben todo el aumento de valor producido, el Consejo de Estado anticipó que correspondía al Legislativo determinar qué porcentaje del incremento podía integrar la cuota tributaria del impuesto. Desde luego, no correspondía dicha función al Consejo de Estado.

El Tribunal Supremo, en sentido análogo al parecer del Consejo de Estado, tampoco ha considerado que los tribunales de justicia puedan fijar el importe exigible del impuesto en los casos de que la cuota absorba la totalidad del incremento de valor. En tales supuestos, el tribunal competente solo puede proceder a la anulación de la liquidación practicada.
Propiedad privada y disciplina del mercado en el Proyecto de Ley por el derecho a la vivienda
Authors: López y López Ángel M.
Published: September 2023

El trabajo pretende formular algunas consideraciones sobre las medidas que inciden en la propiedad y en la disciplina del mercado, solo en cuanto afecten directamente a los derechos de los particulares, sin analizar los restantes contenidos del Proyecto. Al efecto indicado se desdobla en dos partes diferenciadas. La primera parte expone sucintamente el marco constitucional de referencia, poniendo de relieve que la garantía constitucional de la propiedad y la de la libertad de empresa tienen una dimensión común, aunque existen matices entre ambas. Dominada la primera por la idea de función social de la propiedad, se expone que esta, en cuanto sea expresión de intervenciones delimitadoras, no está sujeta a los imperativos de la expropiación forzosa, como sí lo estaría si supusiera intervenciones ablatorias. La diferencia entre aquellas y estas son el respeto de unas y el desconocimiento de las otras del llamado “contenido esencial”, respeto y reconocimiento apreciados a la luz de los principios de razonabilidad, proporcionalidad y adecuación. Con alguna acomodación, este planteamiento se puede trasladar a la libertad de empresa, y una de sus manifestaciones más potentes la libertad de contratar. Se llama la atención sobre que cuando la intervención se haga a través de instrumentos normativos generales se corren riesgos de inconstitucionalidad si las medidas se predican de todos los destinatarios de aquellos, sin operar discriminación alguna entre ellos. La segunda parte analiza, y solo en cuanto incidan sobre los particulares, las medidas del Proyecto de Ley. Este es vacuo en gran medida por referirse a normas futuras de contenido indeterminado. A esta falta de concreción se une una elevada deficiencia técnica y redaccional. Estas circunstancias impiden un juicio de constitucionalidad sobre muchas disposiciones de la Ley. En el único punto donde hay más concreción es en la limitación del precio del alquiler, que en principio se considera constitucional si obsequia la proporcionalidad, razonabilidad y adecuación de la medida, pero este juicio resulta dudoso dada la casi absoluta indiscriminación de los destinatarios de esta. El Proyecto desconoce absolutamente la expropiación forzosa, por un lado como si diera por supuesto que todas sus intervenciones en la propiedad o la libertad de contratar fueran meramente delimitadoras, y por otro, renunciando a la utilización de la figura, bien como instrumento directo de políticas de vivienda, bien como sanción al incumplimiento de los deberes que impone el Proyecto mismo. En consecuencia, este es de modestos propósitos, pese a los alardes retóricos.
Las vicisitudes de la ejecución del contrato administrativo menor y del contrato de menor cuantía de los PANAP
Authors: Codina García-Andrade Xavier
Published: September 2023

En el presente trabajo se analizan algunas cuestiones relevantes que se suscitan habitualmente en la ejecución de un contrato de menor cuantía. Se parte de un análisis del régimen jurídico aplicable a la ejecución de estos contratos para, posteriormente, analizar cuestiones relativas a la modificación, cesión, revisión de precios, prórroga y subcontratación de estos contratos.
Efectos de la nulidad de los contratos verbales del sector público: acción restitutoria o responsabilidad patrimonial. ¿Es posible evitar el pago de la prestación realizada?
Authors: Calatayud Prats Ignacio
Published: September 2023

El estudio argumenta que la acción de responsabilidad patrimonial no es la acción adecuada para reclamar los servicios efectivamente prestados pero no satisfechos en virtud de contratos nulos. Por el contrario, el estudio considera que la acción adecuada es la acción de restitución de las prestaciones realizadas. Se afirma que mientras que la acción de restitución tiene como finalidad la eliminación de los efectos jurídicos producidos y nacidos del contrato nulo, restaurando los derechos patrimoniales de las partes a la situación que tendrían de no haberse producido el contrato, y ello independientemente de la buena o mala fe de los contratantes, por el contrario, la indemnización de los daños y perjuicios tiene como objetivo resarcir los daños y perjuicios que el contratante, que actúa con culpa o dolo, ha causado a la parte perjudicada. Para el autor no son aplicables supletoriamente al derecho administrativo los artículos 1305 y 1306 del Código Civil, que regulan la causa torpe o ilícita y que limitan la obligación de restituir, cuando uno o los dos contratantes son culpables.
Limitaciones de las corporaciones locales en funciones durante el período de administración ordinaria
Authors: Cabezuelo Valencia David
Published: September 2023

El pasado 28 de mayo de 2023 se celebraron las elecciones locales y, de acuerdo con la legislación electoral, los miembros de las corporaciones cesantes estuvieron en funciones para la administración ordinaria hasta la toma de posesión de sus sucesores. El concepto de ‘administración ordinaria’ es la clave para comprender qué pueden hacer y qué no las corporaciones locales en funciones, por lo que se efectuará una tentativa de delimitación de su contenido, elaborando una relación de actos cuya adopción está vedada a los órganos en funciones por desbordar la mera administración ordinaria, y otra de actos que están permitidos por ser propios de la gestión cotidiana municipal.
Supporting self-regulated learning in a secondary applied mathematics course
Authors: Buzza Dawn , Fitzgerald Carolyn , Avitzur Yoad
Published: September 2023

This study examines how one teacher supported low-achieving students’ self-regulated learning (SRL) in the context of a secondary mathematics class. The teacher’s scaffolding provided students with multiple opportunities to use feedback and adapt learning and study strategies. Data compared pre- and postmeasures of metacognitive skills, motivational beliefs, and learning and study behaviours, and examined the effects of directed practice on students’ developing SRL as well as their mathematics achievement. Results suggest the need for more research into the effects of individualized, targeted supports, particularly in assisting students in using metacognitive feedback to adapt learning strategies.
(Un)making the grade: An instructor’s guide to mitigating the negative impacts of grades within a neoliberal university system
Authors: Brook Adriana
Published: September 2023

Critics of the neoliberal university argue that grading undermines student learning. In this article, I survey the literature in order to ascertain whether such critiques are supported by pedagogical research. Investigating the relationship between grading and motivation, feedback, and autonomy, respectively, I conclude that grades most often do undercut learning. I explore the implications for instructors at Canadian universities, suggesting that abandoning grades is currently neither feasible nor best for students. I propose pragmatic adaptations to common grading practices that better promote learning and conclude that the implementation of less grade-centric assessment strategies is not only the best way to support student learning but also a way to challenge and mitigate the influences of neoliberal ideology in higher education.
Clínica psicológica no ensino superior: dimensões do setting terapêutico de um espaço de atendimento psicossocial
Authors: Rotondano Érica Vidal , Therense Munique , Ramos Érika da Silva , Martins Gizelly de Carvalho , Nina Socorro de Fátima Moraes , Neves André Luiz Machado das
Published: September 2023

O ambiente acadêmico é marcado pela construção de saberes e de projetos de vida ancorados na possibilidade de ascensão social, e também pode consistir em um local de adoecimento, a depender de complexos fatores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir a relevância da ação clínica psicológica do projeto Espaço de Atendimento Psicossocial, implementado na Universidade do Estado do Amazonas. O procedimento metodológico consistiu em averiguar as demandas mais atendidas no Espaço, por meio de análise de conteúdo de documentos de triagem e relatos de sessão, discutindo as premissas socioculturais em que as queixas centrais estavam incutidas. Os principais resultados foram alocados em cinco dimensões de análise: Currículo, didática e organização institucional; Cotidiano, aspectos emocionais, afetivos e relacionais; Construção da identidade; Saúde mental; Socioeconômica. Concluiu-se que o cotidiano acadêmico suscita e/ou aprofunda dificuldades e sofrimentos de diferentes ordens, então o atendimento psicológico desempenha um papel essencial para auxiliar os estudantes a lidarem com questões emocionais, identitárias e profissionais, oferecendo suporte, orientação e recursos para promover seu bem-estar psicológico e sucesso acadêmico.
Targeting sex determination to suppress mosquito populations
Authors: Li Ming , Kandul Nikolay P , Sun Ruichen , Yang Ting , Benetta Elena D , Brogan Daniel J , Antoshechkin Igor , Sánchez C Héctor M , Zhan Yinpeng , DeBeaubien Nicolas A , Loh YuMin M , Su Matthew P , Montell Craig , Marshall John M , Akbari Omar S
Published: September 2023

Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next-generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Ae. aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing, we demonstrate that released pgSIT males can effectively compete with, suppress, and eliminate caged mosquito populations. This versatile species-specific platform has the potential for field deployment to effectively control wild populations of disease vectors.
Hippocampome.org 2.0 is a knowledge base enabling data-driven spiking neural network simulations of rodent hippocampal circuits
Authors: Wheeler Diek W , Kopsick Jeffrey D , Sutton Nate , Tecuatl Carolina , Komendantov Alexander O , Nadella Kasturi , Ascoli Giorgio A
Published: September 2023

Hippocampome.org is a mature open-access knowledge base of the rodent hippocampal formation focusing on neuron types and their properties. Previously, Hippocampome.org v1.0 established a foundational classification system identifying 122 hippocampal neuron types based on their axonal and dendritic morphologies, main neurotransmitter, membrane biophysics, and molecular expression (Wheeler et al., 2015). Releases v1.1 through v1.12 furthered the aggregation of literature-mined data, including among others neuron counts, spiking patterns, synaptic physiology, in vivo firing phases, and connection probabilities. Those additional properties increased the online information content of this public resource over 100-fold, enabling numerous independent discoveries by the scientific community. Hippocampome.org v2.0, introduced here, besides incorporating over 50 new neuron types, now recenters its focus on extending the functionality to build real-scale, biologically detailed, data-driven computational simulations. In all cases, the freely downloadable model parameters are directly linked to the specific peer-reviewed empirical evidence from which they were derived. Possible research applications include quantitative, multiscale analyses of circuit connectivity and spiking neural network simulations of activity dynamics. These advances can help generate precise, experimentally testable hypotheses and shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying associative memory and spatial navigation.
Revealing a hidden conducting state by manipulating the intracellular domains in KV10.1 exposes the coupling between two gating mechanisms
Authors: Abdelaziz Reham , Tomczak Adam P , Neef Andreas , Pardo Luis A
Published: September 2023

The KCNH family of potassium channels serves relevant physiological functions in both excitable and non-excitable cells, reflected in the massive consequences of mutations or pharmacological manipulation of their function. This group of channels shares structural homology with other voltage-gated K+ channels, but the mechanisms of gating in this family show significant differences with respect to the canonical electromechanical coupling in these molecules. In particular, the large intracellular domains of KCNH channels play a crucial role in gating that is still only partly understood. Using KCNH1(KV10.1) as a model, we have characterized the behavior of a series of modified channels that could not be explained by the current models. With electrophysiological and biochemical methods combined with mathematical modeling, we show that the uncovering of an open state can explain the behavior of the mutants. This open state, which is not detectable in wild-type channels, appears to lack the rapid flicker block of the conventional open state. Because it is accessed from deep closed states, it elucidates intermediate gating events well ahead of channel opening in the wild type. This allowed us to study gating steps prior to opening, which, for example, explain the mechanism of gating inhibition by Ca2+-Calmodulin and generate a model that describes the characteristic features of KCNH channels gating.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of allicin in the kidney of an experimental model of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Arellano Buendia Abraham Said , Juárez Rojas Juan Gabriel , García-Arroyo Fernando , Aparicio Trejo Omar Emiliano , Sánchez-Muñoz Fausto , Argüello-García Raúl , Sánchez-Lozada Laura Gabriela , Bojalil Rafael , Osorio-Alonso Horacio
Published: September 2023

Background

Recent studies have suggested that metabolic syndrome (MS) encompasses a group of risk factors for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). This work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of allicin in the kidney from an experimental model of MS.

Methods

Male Wistar rats (220–250 g) were used, and three experimental groups (n = 6) were formed: control (C), metabolic syndrome (MS), and MS treated with allicin (16 mg/Kg/day, gastric gavage) (MS+A). MS was considered when an increase of 20% in at least three parameters (body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), or dyslipidemia) was observed compared to the C group. After the MS diagnosis, allicin was administered for 30 days.

Results

Before the treatment with allicin, the MS group showed more significant body weight gain, increased SBP, and FBG, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia. In addition, increased markers of kidney damage in urine and blood. Moreover, the MS increased oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney compared to group C. The allicin treatment prevented further weight gain, reduced SBP, FBG, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia. Also, markers of kidney damage in urine and blood were decreased. Further, the oxidative stress and inflammation were decreased in the renal cortex of the MS+A compared to the MS group.

Conclusion

Allicin exerts its beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome by considerably reducing systemic and renal inflammation as well as the oxidative stress. These effects were mediated through the Nrf2 pathway. The results suggest allicin may be a therapeutic alternative for treating kidney injury induced by the metabolic syndrome risk factors.
Renal exosomes and their role in primary aldosteronism: an in vitro and in vivo approach
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Medicina, Barros Lamus Eric Raúl
Published: September 2023

Los exosomas renales son liberados por las células epiteliales que delimitan la nefrona, transportan información biológica. Aunque es conocido que los exosomas modulan la señalización purinérgica en tejidos extra-renales, se desconoce si exosomas renales realizan este tipo de regulación. La señalización purinérgica es crucial para la fisiología y el transporte renal de sodio, principalmente debido a sus efectos sobre el canal epitelial de sodio (ENaC). El aldosteronismo primario (HAP) es una patología caracterizada por elevados niveles de aldosterona y aumento en la actividad del ENaC, que podría modificar los exosomas renales. Hipótesis: exosomas renales regulan procesos celulares relacionados con el transporte de sodio mediante la modulación de la señalización purinérgica y la expresión de ENaC en el epitelio renal, y su concentración, bioactividad y cargo se modifica en el HAP. Objetivo: estudiar exosomas renales como nuevos reguladores de la señalización purinérgica y el transporte de sodio en células epiteliales renales, y los efectos de altos niveles de aldosterona en la concentración, bioactividad y cargo proteico de exosomas en pacientes con HAP y en un modelo celular de aldosteronismo. Métodos: se aislaron exosomas de células del túbulo proximal (HK-2), colector (HCD), muestras de orina humana (n=32) mediante ultracentrifugación. Se determinó el efecto de exosomas HK-2 y HCD sobre el ATP extracelular y sobre la expresión del canal epitelial de sodio (ENaC) y otros genes purinérgicos mediante luminiscencia y qPCR respectivamente. El efecto de aldosterona sobre la concentración de exosomas de células HK-2 y HCD se evaluó mediante Nanotracking Analysis (NTA). El proteoma, concentración y bioactividad de exo-u de pacientes HAP se evaluó utilizando espectrometría, NTA y luminiscencia, respectivamente. Resultados: Exosomas de HK-2 aumentan (40%) y exosomas de HCD disminuyen (50%) el ATP extracelular en células HCD, los últimos mediante hidrólisis del ATP. Exosomas HK-2 disminuyen (30%) y exosomas de HCD aumentan (30%) la expresión de ENaC en HCD. Aldosterona aumenta la concentración de exosomas en HK-2 (63%) y HCD (87%). Solo exosomas HCD apicales hidrolizan. U-exo de pacientes HAP son mas pequeños (8%) y abundantes (70%) comparados con controles. ORM1 en u-exo de pacientes HAP destaca como potencial biomarcadores de HAP, los cuales además aumentan la expresión de ENaC en células HCD. Conclusión: exosomas luminales regulan procesos asociados al transporte de sodio modulando la señalización purinérgica y la expresión de ENaC en una forma dependiente del segmento que origina los exosomas. Aldosterona esta involucrada en la liberación de exosomas. En el HAP se modifican los efectos de u-exo sobre ENaC. La abundancia de ORM1 en u-exo destaca como potencial biomarcador de HAP.
Real-time fMRI neurofeedback training as a neurorehabilitation approach on depressive disorders : a systematic review of randomized control trials
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Medicina, González Méndez Pamela Patricia
Published: September 2023

Question: Real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-nf) training is an emerging intervention with potential to neurorehabilitation. We aim to evaluate the evidence of randomized control trials on the clinical application of rt-fMRI-nf training on participants with clinical depression. Study selection and analysis: We searched in Pubmed, Embase, CENTRAL, rtFIN database, Epistemonikos, trial registers, reference lists, other systematic reviews, conference abstracts, and cross-citation in Google Scholar. Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. The certainty of the evidence was judged using the GRADE recommendations, a Summary of Findings table is presented. This review complies with PRISMA guidelines and was submitted to PROSPERO registration. Findings: 435 results. After selection process, we included 11 reports corresponding to 4 RCTs. The effect of rtfMRI-nf on improving severity of depression clinical scores showed tendency to favors intervention; however the overall effect was not significant. At end of treatment, SMD(standardized mean difference): -0.32 (95%CI -0.73 to 0.10). At follow-up, SMD: -0.33 (95%CI -0.91, 1.25). All the studies demonstrated changes in BOLD fMRI activation after training; however, only one study demonstrated regulation success during a transfer run. Wholebrain analyses suggests that rt-fMRI nf alters activity patterns not only in a single brain region, but brain networks. More studies are needed to provide an estimated effect on quality of life, acceptability, adverse effects, cognitive tasks, and physiology measures. Conclusions: The current evidence of RCTs about the impact of rt-fMRI-nf training for decision-making outcomes in patients with clinical depression is still insufficient
Top Edible Wild Plants of Eastern Mediterranean Region Part II: Anti-inflammatory Activity
Authors: Azab Abdullatif
Published: September 2023

In the first part of this series of review articles, we presented the anticancer activities of the most important wild edible plants of eastern Mediterranean region, which we named as the “Deca-plants” (D-P). In this review article, we will present the anti-inflammatory activities of these very important plants. After a brief introduction, anti-inflammatory activities of the D-P will be introduced in both traditional medicine of the peoples of this region, and in published scientific literature. Methods of use will be presented in the first part, and methods of testing and results, for modern research. In both cases, some of the D-P have notable anti-inflammatory activities. In the extensive discussion section of this article, a major focus will be presented for anti-inflammatory activities of natural products contained in these plants, and some comparisons will be made with other plants. At this point, it is worth mentioning that the D-P have notably different number of anti-inflammatory activity reports, where on the top of them Foeniculum vulgare can be found. Contrary to that and to the best of our knowledge, Cyclamen persicum was not published for anti-inflammatory activity, even though some of its secondary metabolites are very well known for having this activity. Typical search methods were used for finding relevant literature. Finally, the conclusions of this article will be accompanied with recommendations for future research.
Assessing Soil Fertility Dynamics and Carbon Sequestration Potential in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivation Areas of Sri Satya Sai District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Gudla Sri Likhitha , Puligadda Lakshmi Sravya , Devarakonda Nikhitha , Ray Sumit
Published: September 2023

In 2021-2022, a study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India, focusing on soil fertility changes and carbon storage potential in Sri Satya Sai district. A total of 300 soil samples were collected, 150 before and 150 after groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivation in three blocks (i.e., Chennekothapalle, Ramagiri, and Roddam) of Sri Satya Sai District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Chennekothapalle exhibited a decline in pH from 6.83 to 6.53 after groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivation, accompanied by a decrease in electrical conductivity (EC) levels from 0.22 to 0.18. Similarly, Ramagiri displayed a similar trend with a drop in pH from 7.03 to 6.63 and a decrease in EC from 0.22 to 0.20 dS/m. Roddam experienced a slight reduction in pH from 6.52 to 6.48 and a decrease in EC from 0.18 to 0.16 dS/m. Organic carbon (OC) content showed varying trends, with notable increases in Chennekothapalle (from 0.44% to 0.94%), Ramagiri (from 0.43% to 1.13%), and Roddam (from 0.3054% to 0.4454%) after cultivation. Nitrogen levels witnessed an increase in all three blocks, Chennekothapalle rising from 141.3 to 171.3 kgs/ha, Ramagiri from 162.11 to 192.11 kgs/ha, and Roddam from 129.44 to 154.44 kgs/ha. Additionally, Posphorus levels increased in Chennekothapalle (from 16.76 to 19.76 kgs/ha), Ramagiri (from 13.62 to 18.62 kgs/ha), and Roddam (from 30.24 to 35.24 kgs/ha) after cultivation. Similarly, Potassium levels showed increases in Chennekothapalle (from 159.07 to 184.07 kgs/ha), Ramagiri (from 161.04 to 195.04 kgs/ha), and Roddam (from 154.49 to 174.49 kgs/ha), indicating distinct patterns of soil fertility dynamics across these regions. In Chennekothapalle, the soil organic carbon content (TOC) increased from 0.004% to 0.009%, and there was a substantial rise in soil carbon stock (SCS) from 18.11 to 39.37 kgs/m². Carbon turnover, measured through mean CO2 levels, increased from 160.45 gms to 343.7 gms, and the Carbon Sequestration Potential (CSP) was 6900 Kgs. In Ramagiri, TOC saw an increase from 0.004% to 0.011%, with SCS improving from 30.92 to 37.38 kgs/m², indicating greater soil carbon storage. A significant rise in CO2 levels from 158.69 gms to 415.3 gms was observed, and CSP was 7700 Kgs. In Roddam, TOC increased from 0.003% to 0.004%, and SCS rose from 20.24 to 30.06 kgs/m², signaling improved soil carbon stocks. CO2 levels increased from 111.98 gms to 163.3 gms, reflecting enhanced carbon turnover, and remarkably, CSP was 3150 Kg. In comparing the three blocks, it's evident that Ramagiri exhibited the most substantial increase in soil fertility and carbon sequestration potential. While Chennekothapalle is showing significant improvements, Roddam experienced relatively modest changes in all parameters.
Genetical Variability among Ceratocystis fimbriata Isolates Causing Wilt Disease of Pomegranate
Authors: Raja  , Sunkad Gururaj , Amaresh Y. S.
Published: September 2023

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an important fruit crop farmed all over the world, notably in the tropical and subtropical zones. It is afflicted by a number of diseases, the most serious of which is Ceratocystis fimbriata.  Very little work is done on the genetical variability of C. fimbriata associated with pomegranate wilt in Karnataka and the morphological structures defining this species are reasonably defined, these characteristics are insufficient to recognize emergent grouping within C. fimbriata. The aim of this study is to confirm the identity of C. fimbriata isolates from pomegranate in Karnataka and to compare the DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1 and 4 regions) variability is the property of an organism to change its characters from one generation to the other. there is a need to study C. fimbriata based on molecular variability. Fifty isolates of C. fimbriata were amplified with a range of 600-650 bp length, twelve isolates were sequenced and deposited in the GenBank Maryland, USA database under the accession number KY038512- KY038523. All isolates from different districts of Karnataka show specific patterns of similarity according to geographical region.
Impact Assessment of Soil and Water Conservation Measures at Gharat Watershed in Pindwara, Sirohi, India
Authors: Garhwal J. M. , Chouhan Akash , Singh P. K. , Bhakar S. R.
Published: September 2023

The study was carried out 2020-2021 at the Gharat watershed is located in Pindwara district. To evaluate the impact of various biological and physical soil and water conservation (SWC) measures, implemented in the Gharat watershed during 2011-12 in combating minimal land resource use, land degradation caused by soil erosion, and lack of implementation of agriculture technology. Therefore, evaluation is required to determine the success or failure of conservation measures and to alter future planning appropriately. Due to the implementation of the watershed program, arable area increased by 16.56 percent, irrigated area by 53 percent, and additional farm income increased by approximately 17 lakhs, according to data collected through field observation, survey, semi-structured interviews, and field measurements. SWC measures applied in this watershed, cropping intensity and irrigated area increased from 122.12 percent to 137.08 percent, 51ha to 78ha respectively. The understanding and adaption of soil and water conservation strategies has a favorable influence on the overall development of the watershed. Existing SWC measures should be improved for continuing monitoring and extended as part of an integrated strategy to restore damaged regions to their full potential. It provides project planners and managers, programme leaders, and policymakers with details about actual project accomplishments in the format they need.
Relato de caso: Abordagem cirúrgica no tratamento de fenda labiopalatina unilateral
Authors: Santos Camila Tayná Baleeiro , Brandão Tagna de Oliveira , Pereira Lorran de Andrade , Rodrigues Rafael Drummond , Azevedo Roberto Almeida de
Published: September 2023

Introdução: a fissura labiopalatina (FLP) é uma malformação craniofacial congênita, que apresenta etiologia multifatorial e associa-se a fatores genéticos e ambientais. De acordo com a classificação, a fissura de lábio e/ou palato pode ser uni ou bilateral completa, e se apresenta como deformidades isoladas, fissuras não sindrômicas, ou fissuras sindrômicas. O tratamento inicial para pacientes com fissura labiopalatina é a cirurgia reparadora, sendo necessário o reparo do lábio e palato, conhecido como queiloplastia e palatoplastia, respectivamente, e em alguns casos, pode ser realizado também a estafilorrafia, que é o reparo do palato mole. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso de paciente com anomalia craniofacial que apresenta fenda do palato duro com fenda labial unilateral, e discutir as possibilidades de tratamento e as implicações para o bem-estar do paciente fissurado. Relato de caso: paciente sexo masculino, 23 anos, acompanhado desde a infância no Centro de Reabilitação de Anomalias Crânio Faciais das Obras Sociais Irmã Dulce, e em tratamento ortodôntico, foi encaminhado para avaliação com o cirurgião bucomaxilofacial, e posterior tratamento cirúrgico com realização de enxerto ósseo de crista ilíaca, com o objetivo de reabilitação protética. Conclusão: as fissuraslabiopalatinas desencadeiam uma série de alterações que podem comprometer diversas funções do paciente, dessa forma, para o completo estabelecimento da saúde bucal e geral do paciente é necessário que toda a equipe de profissionais envolvidos no seu tratamento interaja de forma multidisciplinar.
Digital marketing profile of nursing professional ventures published via Instagram / Perfil mercadológico digital de empreendimentos de profissionais de enfermagem divulgados via Instagram
Authors: Fernandes Madureira Thalita , De Souza Santos Cláudio Luís , Dos Reis Alves Carolina , Da Silva Patrick Leonardo Nogueira , Freitas Ingred Gimenes Cassimiro de , Ruas Rosana FrancieleBotelh o
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: identificar o perfil mercadológico digital de empreendimentos de profissionais de enfermagem divulgados via Instagram. Métodos: estudo netnográfico, realizado no Instagram, sendo esta uma rede social de acesso público. A amostra foi composta por 15 perfis de empreendedores digitais, sendo estes profissionais de enfermagem. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de março e maio de 2022 por meio de hashtags como estratégia de busca. Resultados: houve prevalência de livros digitais (30,0%), seguido de cursos online (26,6%). As áreas empreendidas e os conteúdos produzidos foram sobre cicatrização de feridas e curativos; capacitações gerais do campo da enfermagem; direito na enfermagem; empreendedorismo para enfermeiros; furo de orelha; atendimento obstétrico; atendimentos gerais de enfermagem; e preparatório para concurso. Conclusão: houve um aumento considerável de produtos divulgados via Instagram por profissionais da enfermagem repercutindo em uma maior visibilidade, autonomia e independência da categoria profissional.
Incidence and seasonality of chikungunya cases in the state of Rio de Janeiro, 2017-2020 / Incidência e sazonalidade de casos de Chikungunya no estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2017-2020
Authors: Eleuterio Tatiana de Araujo , Velasco Mariana dos Santos , Gomes Regina Bontorim , Menezes Rachel de Almeida , Da Silva Delson
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: descrever a incidência e a sazonalidade de casos notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2017 a 2020. Método: estudo ecológico descritivo, com análise de dados disponibilizados pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: foram notificados 156.579 casos no período; 5.970 em 2017; 45.429 em 2018; 99.436 em 2019; e 5.744 em 2020; quanto à sazonalidade, em 2017 destacaram-se os meses de maio a julho; em 2018 e 2019, os meses de abril a junho; e em 2020, o período de janeiro a março. Conclusão: faz-se necessária a intensificação de ações de vigilância nas regiões de maior incidência, direcionando as políticas de controle.
Multiple Itchy Erythematous Papules and Plaques Localized to 1 Shin
Authors: Chang Yi-Han , Hsu Chao-Kai , Tu Wei-Ting
Published: September 2023

A woman in her 30s presented with progressive, multiple itchy erythematous to violaceous papules and plaques with milia and a few erosions with partially detached epidermis localized to the left shin. What is your diagnosis?
Urinary comprehensive genomic profiling predicts urothelial carcinoma recurrence and identifies responders to intravesical therapy
Authors: Rac Goran , Patel Hiten D. , James Christopher , Desai Shalin , Caruso Vincent M. , Fischer Daniel S. , Lentz Peter S. , Ward Ceressa T. , Mazzarella Brian C. , Phillips Kevin G. , Doshi Chirag , Bicocca Vincent T. , Levin Trevor G. , Wolfe Alan J. , Gupta Gopal N.
Published: September 2023

Intravesical therapy (IVT) is the standard of care to decrease risk of recurrence and progression for high‐grade nonmuscle‐invasive bladder cancer. However, post‐IVT recurrence remains common and the ability to risk‐stratify patients before or after IVT is limited. In this prospectively designed and accrued cohort study, we examine the utility of urinary comprehensive genomic profiling (uCGP) for predicting recurrence risk following transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and evaluating longitudinal IVT response. Urine was collected before and after IVT instillation and uCGP testing was done using the UroAmp™ platform. Baseline uCGP following TURBT identified patients with high (61%) and low (39%) recurrence risk. At 24 months, recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was 100% for low‐risk and 45% for high‐risk patients with a hazard ratio (HR) of 9.3. Longitudinal uCGP classified patients as minimal residual disease (MRD) Negative, IVT Responder, or IVT Refractory with 24‐month RFS of 100%, 50%, and 32%, respectively. Compared with MRD Negative patients, IVT Refractory patients had a HR of 10.5. Collectively, uCGP enables noninvasive risk assessment of patients following TURBT and induction IVT. uCGP could inform surveillance cystoscopy schedules and identify high‐risk patients in need of additional therapy.
Food Trucks: A Geography
Authors: Nash Alan
Published: September 2023

The modern food truck, especially those found in Europe and North America, in many ways represents only the latest manifestation of a long tradition of mobile street‐food vending. It is one that comes with a number of advantages – such as job creation and local economic revival – but this comes with a number of disadvantages, such as those of cultural appropriation and unsustainable practices. Important as these issues are, the recent development of the “gourmet” food truck, with its loyal followers connected via social media, offers the possibilities of new types of places and a wider view of the world's cuisines.
Modulating the Photoresponsivity of Perovskite Photodetectors through Interfacial Engineering of Self‐Assembled Monolayers
Authors: Chang Ai‐Chun , Wu Ya‐Shuan , Chen Wei‐Cheng , Weng Yi‐Hsun , Lin Bi‐Hsuan , Chueh Chu‐Chen , Lin Yan‐Cheng , Chen Wen‐Chang
Published: September 2023

Photodetectors are one of the most essential optoelectronics nowadays. Perovskites have emerged as one of the potential materials for photodetectors due to their high absorption efficiency over a wide range of wavelengths, high charge mobility, strong mechanical deformability, and solution processability. In this study, interfacial engineering using self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) is explored to improve the performance of perovskite photodetectors. SAMs with different terminal groups exhibit distinct surface energy, and they all result in a reduced exciton lifetime of the perovskite due to charge transfer between polycrystalline perovskite and the SAMs. In particular, the photodetector modified with (4‐hydroxyphenyl)phosphonic acid (OH) exhibits the highest electron mobility of 0.8 cm2 V−1 s−1 under 450‐nm light illumination. In addition, it shows excellent detector performance with an ultrafast photoresponse of < 14 ms, a high photoresponsivity of 5600 AW−1, and a high specific detectivity of 5.9 × 1010 Jones at a low light intensity of 18 µW cm−2. The excellent photoresponse and device switchability are attributed to the high surface energy of OH, the resulting homogeneous perovskite film morphology, the high charge transfer efficiency, and the favorable energy level alignment. The studies provide new prospects for the development of emerging perovskite photodetectors.
3D Centrifugation‐Enabled Priming of Synaptic Activation Promotes Primary T Cell Expansion
Authors: Jiang Ruoyu , Chen Yu‐Hsi , Parajuli Ritesh , Agrawal Anshu , Lee Abraham P.
Published: September 2023

Autologous cell therapy depends on T lymphocyte expansion efficiency and is hindered by suboptimal interactions between T cell receptors (TCR) and peptide‐MHC molecules. Various artificial antigen presenting cell systems that enhance these interactions are often labor‐intensive, fabrication costly, highly variable, and potentially unscalable toward clinical setting. Here, 3D centrifugation‐enabled priming of T cell immune‐synapse junctions is performed to generate tight T cell–Dynabead aggregates at a rate 200‐fold faster than that of conventional 24‐h bulk shaking. Furthermore, by forming T cell–Dynabead aggregates in the starting culture, two‐ to sixfold greater T cell expansion is achieved over conventional T cell expansion for cancer patient‐derived primary T cells while limiting over‐activation. Creating 3D T cell–Dynabead aggregates as the “booster” material enables highly efficient polyclonal T cell expansion without the need for complex surface modification of artificial antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). This method can be modularly adapted to existing T cell expansion processes for various applications, including adoptive cell therapies (ACTs).
Memcapacitor Crossbar Array with Charge Trap NAND Flash Structure for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Hwang Sungmin , Yu Junsu , Song Min Suk , Hwang Hwiho , Kim Hyungjin
Published: September 2023

The progress of artificial intelligence and the development of large‐scale neural networks have significantly increased computational costs and energy consumption. To address these challenges, researchers are exploring low‐power neural network implementation approaches and neuromorphic computing systems are being highlighted as potential candidates. Specifically, the development of high‐density and reliable synaptic devices, which are the key elements of neuromorphic systems, is of particular interest. In this study, an 8 × 16 memcapacitor crossbar array that combines the technological maturity of flash cells with the advantages of NAND flash array structure is presented. The analog properties of the array with high reliability are experimentally demonstrated, and vector‐matrix multiplication with extremely low error is successfully performed. Additionally, with the capability of weight fine‐tuning characteristics, a spiking neural network for CIFAR‐10 classification via off‐chip learning at the wafer level is implemented. These experimental results demonstrate a high level of accuracy of 92.11%, with less than a 1.13% difference compared to software‐based neural networks (93.24%).
Tuned Reactivity at the Lithium Metal–Argyrodite Solid State Electrolyte Interphase
Authors: Hao Hongchang , Liu Yijie , Greene Samuel M. , Yang Guang , Naik Kaustubh G. , Vishnugopi Bairav S. , Wang Yixian , Celio Hugo , Dolocan Andrei , Tsai Wan‐Yu , Fang Ruyi , Watt John , Mukherjee Partha P. , Siegel Donald J. , Mitlin David
Published: September 2023

Thin intermetallic Li2Te–LiTe3 bilayer (0.75 µm) derived from 2D tellurene stabilizes the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) of lithium metal and argyrodite (LPSCl, Li6PS5Cl) solid‐state electrolyte (SSE). Tellurene is loaded onto a standard battery separator and reacted with lithium through single‐pass mechanical rolling, or transferred directly to SSE surface by pressing. State‐of‐the‐art electrochemical performance is achieved, e.g., symmetric cell stable for 300 cycles (1800 h) at 1 mA cm−2 and 3 mAh cm−2 (25% DOD, 60 µm foil). Cryo‐stage focused ion beam (Cryo‐FIB) sectioning and Raman mapping demonstrate that the Li2Te–LiTe3 bilayer impedes SSE decomposition. The unmodified Li–LPSCl interphase is electrochemically unstable with a geometrically heterogeneous reduction decomposition reaction front that extends deep into the SSE. Decomposition drives voiding in Li metal due to its high flux to the reaction front, as well as voiding in the SSE due to the associated volume changes. Analysis of cycled SSE found no evidence for pristine (unreacted) lithium metal filaments/dendrites, implying failure driven by decomposition phases with sufficient electrical conductivity that span electrolyte thickness. DFT calculations clarify thermodynamic stability, interfacial adhesion, and electronic transport properties of interphases, while mesoscale modeling examines interrelations between reaction front heterogeneity (SEI heterogeneity), current distribution, and localized chemo‐mechanical stresses.
Timing and level of educational attainment and late‐life cognition in the KHANDLE study
Authors: Soh Yenee , Whitmer Rachel A. , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Glymour M. Maria , Eng Chloe W. , Peterson Rachel L. , George Kristen M. , Chen Ruijia , Quesenberry Charles P. , Mungas Dan M. , DeCarli Charles S. , Gilsanz Paola
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION

The timing of educational attainment may modify its effects on late‐life cognition, yet most studies evaluate education only at a single time point.

METHODS

Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) Study cohort participants (N = 554) reported educational attainment (dichotomized at any college education) at two time points, and we classified them as having low, high, or later‐life high educational attainment. Linear mixed‐effects models estimated associations between educational attainment change groups and domain‐specific cognitive outcomes (z‐standardized).

RESULTS

Compared to low educational attainment, high (β= 0.59 SD units; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39, 0.79) and later‐life high educational attainment (β = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.44) were associated with higher executive function. Only high educational attainment was associated with higher verbal episodic memory (β = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.48).

DISCUSSION

Level and timing of educational attainment are both associated with domain‐specific cognition. A single assessment for educational attainment may inadequately characterize protective associations with late‐life cognition.

Highlights

Few studies have examined both level and timing of educational attainment on cognition.

Marginalized populations are more likely to attain higher education in adulthood.

Higher educational attainment in late life is also associated with higher cognition.
Visible‐light‐switchable Chalcone‐Flavylium Photochromic Systems in Aqueous Media
Authors: Maity Manik Lal , Mahato Samyadeb , Bandyopadhyay Subhajit
Published: September 2023

The chalcone‐flavylium photochromic system switches in aqueous media. However, the chalcone→flavylium conversion requires detrimental ultra‐violet (UV) light for the switching which deters their applications in the biological domain. To address this issue, we have synthesized strategically modified chalcone scaffolds that can be reversibly switched to the flavylium forms with visible light ranging from 456 nm (blue) to 640 nm (red).
Promoted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Tuning the Electronic State of Copper Sites in Metal‐Organic Supramolecular Assemblies
Authors: Liu Ning , Jiang Jialong , Chen Zhonghang , Wu Boyuan , Zhang Shiqi , Zhang Yi‐Quan , Cheng Peng , Shi Wei
Published: September 2023

The electronic state in terms of charge and spin of metal sites is fundamental to govern the catalytic activity of a photocatalyst. Herein, we show that modulation of the electronic states of Cu sites, without changing the coordination environments, of two metal‐organic supramolecular assemblies based on π⋅⋅⋅π stacking can significantly improve photocatalytic activity. The use of these heterogeneous photocatalysts, without using noble metal cocatalysts, resulted in an increase of the hydrogen production rate from 522 to 3620 μmol h−1 g−1. A systematical analysis revealed that the charge density and spin density of the metal centers are efficiently modulated via the modulation of the coordination fields around active copper (II) centers by the variation of the non‐coordination groups of terminal ligands, leading to the significant enhancement of photocatalytic activity. This work provides an insight into the electronic state of active metal centers for designing high‐performance photocatalysts.
Enantioconvergent Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkylation of Tertiary Allylic C−H Bonds
Authors: Nong Zhong‐Sheng , Chen Xin‐Ran , Wang Pu‐Sheng , Hong Xin , Gong Liu‐Zhu
Published: September 2023

Enantioconvergent catalysis enables the conversion of racemic molecules into a single enantiomer in perfect yield and is considered an ideal approach for asymmetric synthesis. Despite remarkable advances in this field, enantioconvergent transformations of inert tertiary C−H bonds remain largely unexplored due to the high bond dissociation energy and the surrounding steric repulsion that pose unparalleled constraints on bond cleavage and formation. Here, we report an enantioconvergent Pd‐catalyzed alkylation of racemic tertiary allylic C−H bonds of α‐alkenes, providing a unique approach to access a broad range of enantioenriched γ,δ‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds featuring quaternary carbon stereocenters. Mechanistic studies reveal that a stereoablative event occurs through the rate‐limiting cleavage of tertiary allylic C−H bonds to generate σ‐allyl‐Pd species, and the achieved E/Z‐selectivity of σ‐allyl‐Pd species effectively regulates the diastereoselectivity via a nucleophile coordination‐enabled SN2′‐allylation pathway.