bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability Test of Different Red Blood Cell Discrimination Indices for Screening Iron Deficiency Anemia and Beta Trait Thalassemia in Pediatric Patients 6-59 Months of Age at Gema Santi Hospital, Nusa Penida, June 2023 - May 2024
Authors: Santika I Kadek Jaya
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Screening for iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia beta trait in hypochromic microcytic anemia in health facilities that do not have a complete examination is quite difficult. This study aims to determine the reliability of various indices against the Green and King index including the Mentzer index which is most used for screening. The results of the study can be used to determine whether the currently used indices are reliable enough to be used for patient screening.
Material and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method with a sample of patients aged 6-59 months who came to the outpatient installation of RSUD Gema Santi Nusa Penida in June 2023 - May 2024. Various red blood cell discrimination indices that have high sensitivity and specificity such as Mentzer index, Mentzer with cut off 10.7 and Sirdah were compared with Green and King index using Cohen kappa ratio.
Results: Based on the results of the analysis, Mentzer index (-0.01) is not reliable, very low reliability on the Sirdah index (0.17) and moderate reliability on the Mentzer index with a cut off 10.7 when compared to the Green and King index.
Conclusions: The results stating that the Mentzer index is not reliable require further research on the sensitivity and specificity of various red blood cell indices including the Mentzer index which is often used in terms of screening to determine the best red blood cell index for use in areas with limited facilities such as the Nusa Penida region.

Key words: hypochromic microcytic anemia, red blood cell discrimination index, cohen kappa ratio
Comparison Between 6 Min Walk Test and Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in Middle Age People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study
Authors: K Nair Vishnu , A Shetty Balachandra , . Prathik
Published: February 2025

Background: Type 2 diabetes is recognized as a serious public health concern with a considerable impact on human life and health expenditures. The arsenal of equipment used and the need for a team that involves trained professionals led scientists to develop options that could reflect the CPET. 6MWT is a practical and simple test that requires a patient to walk at the highest speed tolerated for 6 min. By contrast, ISWT offers a different protocol from the 6MWT, which is incremental and externally paced. ISWT is also simple, has good reproducibility.
Objective: To compare between Incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in middle aged type 2 diabetes patient.
Method: A pilot study was conducted with research design Cross-sectional study, to assess Cardio Respiratory Fitness using incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in middle aged type 2 diabetes patient, to assess Cardio Respiratory Fitness using 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in middle aged type 2 diabetes patient and to compare between ISWT and 6MWT in middle aged type 2 diabetes patient. A total 15 study participants, each patient has to undergo both test with 30 min rest in between the test. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patient is admitted to the test.
Result: Out of 15 participants, 60% were under 50 years of age. The 6MWT showed higher VO₂ max but no significant difference compared to the ISWT. Participants walked significantly farther in the 6MWT (338.33 m) than in the ISWT (123.13 m). Fatigue scores significantly increased post-test for both the 6MWT and ISWT, with a greater improvement in the ISWT (2.93) compared to the 6MWT (1.87).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that while the 6MWT and ISWT differ significantly in the distance covered. However, ISWT is better test to evaluate the vo2 max in compression with 6 MWT.
Key Message: This study compares the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. While both tests assess cardiorespiratory fitness, the ISWT better reflects VO₂ max and induces greater fatigue, suggesting its potential for more accurate evaluation of exercise capacity in this population.

Key words: Type 2 Diabetes, Incremental shuttle walk test, 6-minute walk test
Unusual Presentation of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section: A Case Report
Authors: N. Mezher Georges , M. Abdel Azziz. M. Yasser.
Published: February 2025

Background: Headache after spinal anesthesia (SA) is usually attributed to post dural puncture headache (PDPH). We report a case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) after spinal anesthesia to a normotensive pregnant patient presented for cesarean section (CS).
Case presentation: A 33-year-old pregnant woman underwent a CS under SA. The patient was obese, had gestational diabetes mellitus with a history of two spontaneous abortions and had a history of one uneventful CS. Immediately after the SA, the patient developed an acute severe headache relieved with medical treatment.
The patient complained after 8 hours postoperatively of headache, sudden blurred vision which was followed by a generalized tonic-clonic seizure treated by intravenous midazolam and magnesium sulfate. The headache and visual disturbance resolved completely one hour later. The MRI suggested the diagnosis of PRES.
Conclusion: We hereby contribute to the literature an uncommon neurological disorder, the PRES, occurred in a normotensive parturient.

Key words: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, headache, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, spinal anesthesia, post dural puncture headache.
Association between Anthropometric Measures and Musculoskeletal Injuries in Bharatnatyam Dancers:
A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Maghade Sachin , Husale Rudalee
Published: February 2025

Background: Bharatanatyam, a classical Indian dance form, is known for its intricate movements and poses that demand significant physical and psychological endurance. Despite its cultural importance, there is a notable lack of recent data on musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries in Bharatanatyam dancers, particularly concerning the role of anthropometric measures such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and other body circumferences.
Objective : This study aimed to determine the association between anthropometric measures and the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries in Bharatanatyam dancers.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 96 Bharatanatyam dancers aged 15-25 years from various dance centers across Aurangabad District. Anthropometric measures, including BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and circumferences of the waist, hip, abdomen, and thigh, were recorded. The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries was assessed using the Bharatnatyam dance injury pain questioners (BDIPQ).
Results: The study revealed a significant correlation between higher BMI and an increased incidence of knee and ankle injuries (p < 0.0001). However, no significant correlation was found between hip circumference, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, thigh circumference, and the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries. The results highlight that dancers with a higher BMI are at a greater risk of certain MSK injuries.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that higher body mass may contribute to a higher risk of specific musculoskeletal injuries in Bharatanatyam dancers. The study underscores the need for targeted injury prevention strategies, particularly for dancers with a higher BMI, to enhance the longevity and performance of this ancient dance form

Key words: BDIPQ, BMI, WHR, & Bharatanatyam dancers
On some new bounds on the spectral radius and the energy of graphs
Authors: Das Prohelika
Published: February 2025

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple connected graph. For any $v\in V$, the maximum neighbourhood degree $m(v)$ is the maximum vertex degree in the neighbourhood $N(v)$. In this paper, we present some new bounds on the spectral radius $\lambda_{1}(G)$ of $G$ in terms of degrees and maximum neighbourhood degrees of graph $G$. Also, we present some new bounds on the energy $E(G)$ of $G$.
Pasientjournalen formet under flere hensyn: en tekstanalyse av journaler fra psykisk helsevern
Authors: Flata Hilde , Oddli Hanne Weie , Aaslestad Petter
Published: February 2025

Sammendrag

Bakgrunn: Pasienter i psykisk helsevern kan lese sin egen journal via nettportal. Dette gir helsepersonell nye utfordringer i journalskrivingen, viser forskning basert på intervjuer og spørreundersøkelser. Vår studie undersøkte hva som kjennetegner journalen som sjanger i poliklinisk oppstartfase. Formålet var å formulere begreper som kan øke bevisstheten om journalsjangeren og fremme refleksjon om ulike måter å føre journal på. Metode: En tverrfaglig forskergruppe analyserte tekst fra seks journaler fra de tre første månedene etter behandlingsstart i poliklinisk psykisk helsevern. Resultater: Analysen resulterte i fire hovedkategorier: 1) fagautoritet i teksten, 2) pasientperspektiv i teksten, 3) standardisert tekst og 4) usammenhengende tekst. Underkategorier nyanserte funnene. Implikasjoner: Vi brukte resultatene til å overveie hvordan journalføring kan fremme samarbeid i behandlingsrelasjonen: Skriver vil kunne utvikle sitt repertoar i retning av endringsorienterte journalnotater ved å skrive fram fagautoritet fra mer funksjons- og deltakerorienterte perspektiver, bruke et mer erfaringsnært språk og individualisere standardisert tekst for å redusere tekstfragmentering. Slik kan journalen balansere pasientmedvirkning og en tydelig situasjonsforankret faglig vurdering.

Nøkkelord: pasientjournalen, psykisk helsevern, pasientjournalsjangeren, tekstanalyse, digitalt journalinnsyn
Study on the Influencing Factors of Consumers’ Choice of Community Group Buying E-commerce Platforms
Authors: Chen I-Ching , Feng Wanting
Published: February 2025

With the integration of information technology and Internet economy, community group purchase, as an emerging e-commerce model, has rapidly risen to prominence by virtue of its convenient shopping experience and resolution of distribution challenges. In the face of fierce market competition and diversified consumer demands, enhancing users’ willingness to choose has become a key issue for the development of e-commerce platforms. In this study, a total of 531 valid questionnaires were collected using a Likert scale, and nine factors were selected to analyze the degree of their influence on consumers’ choice of community group-buying e-commerce platforms. The results of the study show that logistics service reliability, pickup point facilities and product quality have a greater degree of influence on consumers’ willingness to choose, while the credibility of review information does not have a significant impact on consumers’ willingness to choose. With the results, the study will propose specific Suggestions from four perspectives: state regulation, platform operation, merchant cooperation and consumers to promote the sustainable development of the community group-buying industry.
Semen quality and fertility effectiveness of cloned buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls
Authors: Singh Manoj Kumar , Gupta Smiriti , Gandhi Kanika , Lathwal S.S. , Selokar Naresh L.
Published: February 2025

In India, due to a severe shortage of elite bulls, semen available from progeny-tested bulls covers a limited breedable population of buffalo. Animal cloning has proved beneficial in making identical genetic copies in the shortest possible time to meet the target of providing elite breeding bulls. ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, has produced several cloned breeding bulls, of which two breeding bulls (named Swarn and Rajat) were used to demonstrate the fertility of cloned bulls. The semen parameters such as volume (2.83±0.33 vs. 2.44±0.23 ml), sperm concentration (1607.56±161.90 vs. 1589.44±211.76 million/ml), mass motility (3.17±0.08 vs. 3.11±0.20), progressive motility (87.78±0.88% vs 85.00±1.44%) and acrosome integrity (85.39±1.66% vs 87.61±1.80%), respectively in cloned and non-cloned bull’s semen and had no significant (p<0.05) difference. Post-thaw motility was also similar to non-cloned bulls or their parents. When these spermatozoa were subjected to a transcriptomics study, 27,481 transcripts were identified, out of which 18,703 transcripts were expressed commonly in both cloned and somatic cell donor bull’s spermatozoa. Only 566 transcripts were up- regulated, and 410 transcripts were down-regulated significantly (FC≥2; P<0.05) in clone bulls spermatozoa relative to somatic cell donor bulls spermatozoa. KEGG analysis revealed that the Up- and down-regulated transcripts affect excision repair, autophagy, lipolysis, AMPK, and insulin signaling pathways. A total of 278 miRNAs were found in both cloned and parent bull spermatozoa, of which 239 were common and 28 were unique to cloned bulls spermatozoa. Out of 62 miRNAs (at FC ≥2; p<0.05) found by differential expression analysis, 31 were up-regulated, and 31 were down-regulated in cloned bull spermatozoa compared to donor bulls. The expression pattern of some necessary transcripts and miRNAs associated with spermatogenesis, sperm motility, sperm capacitation, bull fertility, and early embryonic development was almost similar in cloned bulls spermatozoa and parent bulls spermatozoa. To determine the fertility of cloned bulls, 20 female buffaloes were inseminated with the semen of two above-mentioned cloned bulls. A 65% conception rate was achieved following insemination, which is typical in buffaloes. Thirteen healthy calves (seven males and six females) have been produced, and further attempts are ongoing to produce more calves. These calves are physiologically normal, growing well and healthy. In conclusion, with this limited study, we can say that the semen produced by cloned bulls is similar to that of non-cloned bulls and parent bulls, which can be further used in various assisted reproductive technologies and sustainable milk production.
Roger W. Barnes – Pious Pioneer of Urology
Authors: Herr Harry , Hadley Rodger
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Roger W. Barnes (RWB) (1897-1982) was one of the most influential urologists of the 20th century. His life and legacy is honored through his enduring scientific contributions and his global humanitarian impact. Our objective was to explore unpublished and primary data to better understand Barnes’ medical and social contributions and place his long lived impact into perspective.

Sources and Methods

We reviewed personal files on RWB, his published papers and books, and newspapers and archival information at the Heritage Research Center, Loma Linda, CA.

Results

Barnes was an innovative urologist, prolific author, and teacher. He pioneered endoscopic surgery, most noted for transurethral resection of the enlarged prostate, conservative treatment of carcinoma of the prostate, and transurethral resection as primary surgical treatment of bladder tumors. As a Seventh Day Adventist, he dedicated himself to in sharing his knowledge and skill, leading to multiple medical missions on six continents to teach urology and establish still thriving departments and clinics.

Conclusions

RW Barnes lived a life of “self discipline, motivated by a concern for others…” He achieved that with skill and grace, an aspirational goal for urologists everywhere.
Charles Huggins' Road Not Taken at the Brady Urological Institute
Authors: Grutman Aurora
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Twenty years before Charles Huggins became one of two urologists to win a Nobel Prize, he earned a different prestigious title: Hugh Hampton Young’s successor at the Brady Urological Institute. This article seeks to better understand Huggins’ relationship with the ‘Brady’ and why he accepted the position, only to repudiate the offer months later.

Sources and Methods

Archival research was conducted at the Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives at Johns Hopkins and at the Hanna Holborn Gray Special Collections Research Center at The University of Chicago. Secondary sources were accessed as cited.

Results

Letters between Charles Huggins and Alfred Blalock, the Director of Surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH), reveal that Huggins’ relationship with the Brady began earlier than previously reported. When Hugh Hampton Young retired in 1941, Blalock wanted Huggins to become the Chair, but socio-political factors interfered with his appointment. When Huggins was finally offered the position in 1945, he accepted the post but he resigned shortly thereafter.

Conclusions

The presented research provides insight into a turbulent period of transition at Hopkins. However, several archival gaps remain. Nevertheless, findings reveal that Huggins’ decision kept the Brady on the original trajectory set by Hugh Hampton Young. Huggins’ decision to relinquish the offered Chair position was motivated by something quite personal, his professional goals, and his sense of self.
空海（ 774-835）的十住心論：從《大日經》到《秘藏寶鑰》
Authors: 林佩瑩 林佩瑩
Published: February 2025

空海為日本真言宗創始人。空海的重要理論除了即身成佛之外，另一個代表觀念為其「十住心論」，闡釋此概念的論著為《十住心論》（全名為《秘密曼荼羅十住心論》）以及《秘藏寶鑰》。空海於後期將十卷《十住心論》濃縮為三卷《秘藏寶鑰》之精要版本。然而不只是卷數之長短不同，成立於後的《秘藏寶鑰》還強調了自身與《大日經》的關聯性，透過問答引用《大日經》文句，《秘藏寶鑰》表達了自身作為「論」的正當性與必要性。本文將闡釋《秘藏寶鑰》中「十住心論」的含義，剖析空海如何詮釋經文，以及再創造之解經方法，例如援引《華嚴經》之思想乃為空海所添加，此外在成佛論的概念上顯見真言宗與天台宗交涉並互相影響之軌跡，最後在第十住心整合兩界曼陀羅則為真言宗提昇修證地位的優越性。意即空海「十住心論」並非根據《大日經》以及《大日經疏》進行注釋，而是他自己的創見。而兩者之間的歧異所在，顯露空海的密教知識論，以及空海的撰述動機。本文藉此探討《秘藏寶鑰》如何能發揮佛教文類之一「論典」(śāstra) 的角色，和「論典」在東亞變化之樣貌。

 

Kūkai was the founder of the Shingon sect in Japan. In addition to the theory of “enlightenment in this very body” (Jp. sokushinjōbutsu), Kūkai’s most important concept was his “Theory of the Ten Abiding Minds”, explained in the Jūjūshinron [Ten Abiding Minds Treatise] and the Hizōhōyaku [The Secret Treasure Key]. In later years, Kūkai condensed the ten volumes of the Ten Abiding Minds into three volumes of the Hizōhōyaku. However, in addition to the difference in the length of the volumes, the later-established Hizōhōyaku also emphasises its connection with the Mahāvairocana Sūtra. By quoting from the Mahāvairocana Sūtra in the questions and answers, the Hizōhōyaku expresses the appropriateness and necessity of being a “treatise” (śāstra). In this paper, we will explain the meaning of the Ten Abiding Minds Theory in the Hizōhōyaku, analyse how Kūkai interpreted the sutra, how he interpreted the Avataṃsaka Sūtra, his strategy for arguing against the Tendai school, and his method of interpretation. Taken together, this means that Kūkai’s theory of the Ten Abiding Minds was not based on the Mahāvairocana Sūtra, but rather was his creative idea. These discrepancies reveal Kūkai’s theory of tantric knowledge and his motivation for writing it. This article then explores how this treatise fulfils the role of a śāstra, one of the genres of Buddhist texts, in the cultural context of East Asia.

 
Сведения агиографических источников о ресайклинге дохристианских погребальных практик
Authors: Гаевская Н.З.
Published: February 2025

Предметом исследования в данной статье является культурный ресайклинг, понимаемый как стратегия, цель которой переработка смыслов в процессе подготовки и проведения похоронных обрядов и обрядов почитания. Использование понятия ресайклинга как реинтерпретации культурных форм представляется перспективным в исследовании истории культуры. Объектом исследования являются агиографические тексты, хранящие сведения о трансформации языческой погребальной традиции под влиянием христианизации Русского Севера. Иccледование сосредоточено на практиках «безземельных» захоронений, описанных в житиях подвижников – уникальных представителей религиозной жизни региона. Анализ текстов житий подвижников Карелии, Архангельска, Вологодского края дает возможность выявить механизмы ресайклинга содержания коллективных культурных практик и его зависимость от исторических и культурных особенностей религиозной жизни региона.
Параллели трансляции культурной практики Китая в древнем и современном искусстве
Authors: Чжэн Сяои , Алексеева Г.В.
Published: February 2025

Стремительное развитие технологий искусственного интеллекта расширило сферу применения виртуальных стендистов (копий людей). Виртуальный двой­ник является репрезентацией личности художника, работающего в иммерсивном виртуальном поле. Авторы данной статьи обнаружили, что в настоящее время существует множество типов идентичности виртуальных двой­ников, сценарии применения виртуальных двой­ников расширены благодаря проведению полевых исследований в иммерсивных виртуальных полях. В процессе исследования внимание авторов привлек случай использования виртуальных стендистов, созданных с помощью технологий искусственного интеллекта для реализации проекта «Силиконизация людей на основе углерода» [17] и возрождения умерших. Авторы данной статьи связывают этот феномен с «идеей поклонения предкам» [32] в китайской культурной традиции. Общение с предками – это религиозная и культурная практика, которая включает в себя почитание, сопровождение умерших, память и поклонение умершим предкам. Анализируя исторические произведения искусства, воплощающие идею поклонения предкам в Китае, такие как «Терракотовые воины из гробницы Цинь Шихуанди» [19], и сравнивая их с современными иммерсивными виртуальными стендистами, авторы статьи намерены раскрыть причины бурного развития индустрии иммерсивных виртуальных стендистов (виртуального воскрешения мертвых) в Китае. Авторы данной статьи считают, что в современном обществе появление иммерсивных виртуальных стендистов в определенной степени связано с традиционной культурой создания терракотовых статуэток сопровождения императора, только развитие науки и техники привело к изменению среды и формы воплощения стендистов. В то же время применение виртуальных фигур в области воскрешения мертвых привело к множеству социальных проблем и даже затронуло юридический уровень. Режим применения виртуальных двой­ников на разных культурных почвах будет создавать разные адаптивные ситуации, в Китае использование виртуальных двой­ников для «воскрешения» мертвых с целью удовлетворения эмоциональных потребностей зрителей укоренилось в душе китайского народа идеями поддержания жизни после жизни. В целом рост индустрии виртуальных двой­ников – неизбежная тенденция, возникновение новой культуры опирается на накопление традиционной культуры и находится под влиянием ее непрерывного развития. Китайская культурная традиция поддержания жизни после жизни обеспечивает рыночный спрос на индустрию иммерсивных практик в искусстве.
American and Canadian Great War Nurse Writers: A Difference of Perspective?
Authors: Hebb Ross N.
Published: February 2025

The accounts of World War I nursing experiences range from the nurses’ letters home, to histories penned by the nurses, to their semi-fictionalized short stories. This article examines and contrasts the short stories of two well-known American authors, Mary Borden and Ellen La Motte, with the writings of two Canadian nurses, Agnes Warner and Mabel Clint. Its purpose is to explore the reasons for the variance in emphasis and perspective. Both Warner’s letters home as well as Clint’s later history provide many points of contrast to the two American writers. Borden and La Motte’s short stories helped define the contemporary conception of the Great War as a futile and senseless waste of human life. Warner’s contemporary letters from the same hospital, while acknowledging the horror, do not share that sense of pointlessness and futility. Similarly, Clint’s history places the Canadian nurses’ experience squarely within what she saw as her nation’s legitimate war effort.
Spontaneous Abortion and Myocardial Infarction: A Mendelian Randomization Investigation and Transcriptomic Analysis
Authors: Xiang Shiqing , You Qingxia , Mu Fangxiang , Zhang Nian
Published: February 2025

Background: A link has been found between spontaneous abortion (SA) and myocardial infarction (MI). However, there is still a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the genetic links and biological mechanisms between SA and MI. An investigation of the causal association between SA and MI, along with the associated signaling networks, was conducted using univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) and transcriptome analysis.
Methods: Data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for SA and MI were analyzed using the FinnGen consortium database. To assess the causality between SA and MI, various methods were employed including inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and the Leave-One-Out (LOO) approach. Transcriptomic analysis of the GSE60993 dataset was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Following this, two bioinformatics analyses were carried out.
Results: Based on IVW results, SA was found to be causally associated with MI (OR = 1.095, 95%CI 1.012–1.186). Sensitivity analysis was subsequently conducted to validate the robustness of our findings. Through differential analysis, three key genes – GNAQ, ELP3, and TES – were identified as closely linked to processes related to ribosome biogenesis, DNA replication, and congenital immune deficiency. Furthermore, strong correlations were observed with various immunologic gene sets, including the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), immunoactivators, and immunosuppressors.
Conclusion: This study reveals a robust causal relationship between SA and MI, highlighting genetic and immunological pathways that could inform future research and therapeutic approaches.
Pelatihan Peningkatan Pengetahuan Dasar Ilmu Komputer Kepada Anak-Anak SD Negeri 101800
Authors: Lumban Gaol Nur Yanti , Syahra Yohanni , Mariami Ita , Murniyanti Sri , Mahyuni Rina
Published: February 2025

Pendidikan merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi pembangunan manusia seutuhnya gunamencerdaskan dan meningkatkan kehidupan bangsa. Pendidikan dimaksud sebagai wadah untuk membina, mendidik, dan memajukan pola pikir bangsa Indonesia agar tumbuh dan berkembang menjadi manusia yang berilmu, disiplin, bertaqwa kepada Tuhan YME serta mempunyai dedikasi yang tinggi dalam melanjutkan cita-cita perjuangan bangsa. Dalam perkembangan global saat ini, pendidikan Ilmu Teknologi (IT) sangat berperan untuk mewujudkan generasi muda Indonesia baru sehingga tidak ketinggalan tentang pengetahuan terhadap teknologi. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut kita memerlukan pengetahuan tentang ilmu komputer serta pemanfaatan teknologi komputer tersebut. Ilmu komputer menjadi semakin penting untuk dipelajari sejak dini, terutama di sekolah dasar. Namun masih banyak sekolah dasar yang belum memiliki fasilitas dan kurikulum yang memadai untuk mengajarkan ilmu komputer. Salah satu sekolah dasar yang belum memiliki akses dan pengetahuan yang memadai tentang ilmu komputer adalah SDN 101800 agar nantinya siswa dapat bersaing di era digital saat ini. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ilmu komputer di SDN 101800 lewat pelatihan peningkatan pengetahuan dasar komputer kepada siswa agar siswa-siswa dapat memiliki bekal yang cukup untuk menghadapi tantangan di masa depan depan dengan mempersiapkan diri untuk membekali pengetahuan dan kemampuan dalam bidang komputer.
Pelatihan Meningkatkan Efisien Pengolahan Data Administrasi berbasis Google Spreadsheet Pada Guru SMK
Authors: Ihsan Ok Muhammad , Haddina Elisa , Sayhputra Firman , Astuti Ermayanti
Published: February 2025

Di era digital, pengolahan data administrasi yang efektif sangat penting dalam mendukung kelancaran proses pendidikan. Namun, banyak guru yang masih menggunakan metode manual yang memakan waktu dan rentan kesalahan. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pengolahan data administrasi sekolah melalui pemanfaatan Google Spreadsheet pada guru-guru SMK. Oleh karena itu, pelatihan ini difokuskan pada pemberian keterampilan dasar dan lanjutan dalam menggunakan Google Spreadsheet untuk pengelolaan data administrasi, seperti absensi, nilai siswa, dan laporan kegiatan sekolah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelatihan ini adalah pendekatan blended learning, yang menggabungkan teori dengan praktik langsung. Peserta diberikan kesempatan untuk mempelajari fitur-fitur dasar dan lanjutan Google Spreadsheet, seperti penggunaan rumus, pembuatan laporan otomatis, pengelolaan kolaborasi antar pengguna, serta pembuatan grafik untuk visualisasi data. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui kuis, tugas praktik, dan umpan balik dari peserta. Dengan adanya pelatihan ini, diharapkan para guru SMK dapat mengolah data administrasi dengan lebih efisien, akurat, dan tepat waktu, yang pada akhirnya akan mendukung kualitas manajemen pendidikan di sekolah.
Design and Fabrication of a Horizontal Aquaponics System
Authors: T. Elvis  , V.B. Mulye  , B.R. Chavan  , A.S. Mohite  , V.V. Vishwasrao  , R.K. Sadawarte  , M. T. Sharangadhar  , T.G. Kazi  , R.R. Jadhav  , T.A. Pagar  , S.A. Rawool
Published: February 2025

The present research was conducted to design and fabricate a working horizontal aquaponics system for a housing complex. The materials used for the actualization of the design was after careful price durability analysis of the existing materials easily available in the market. The system consists of a 1m×1m frame made from galvanized steel square tubes, PVC half round pipe of 1 m for grow beds supported by L shaped hooks on the frame and water circulation line made of flexible PVC. Three grow beds were placed on a single frame and the frame was erected on its four supports made of same material. The fish were kept in an aquarium tank of 20 L water holding capacity. 18-Watt submersible pump was used to maintain a water flow rate of 1.45±0.02 L min-1. The plant and fish grown in the system showed 100% survivability during the culture period of 56 days. The initial average weight of the fishes was 1.44±0.32 g while final was 2.54±0.22 which showed a 76.38% weight gain. The mint plants had an initial length of 9.43±0.25 cm and final length of 35.94±7.7 cm and the final biomass was 93.32 g recorded.
A Correlation between the kappa number and the Ventorim index in the bleaching process.
Authors: Ribeiro Vitor Hideyoshi Hayashida , Santos Evelyn Eduarda Gil dos , Alves Fabiana Clara Cezar , Santos Marianne Vitória Gil dos , Favarim Higor Rogério , Ventorim Gustavo
Published: February 2025

The determination of the kappa number in the bleaching process is typically conducted with a pulp quantity between 3 and 4 grams, allowing for the calculation of values above four. However, after the oxidative extraction stage with hydrogen peroxide, the pulp presents a kappa number lower than this value. Therefore, the present study proposes a new method for determining the kappa number by creating the Ventorim bleaching index, which avoids the inconveniences associated with traditional kappa number analysis. For this study, industrial oxygen-delignified pulp was used. Four different ECF bleaching sequences were performed: OD(E+P)DD, OAD(E+P)DP, OADEDP, and OAEDP, along with the determination of the kappa number and the Ventorim bleaching index. The Ventorim index was based on the four chlorine-free bleaching sequences (ECF), all of which achieved a final brightness of 90% ISO, with very similar R² values and linear regressions. Consequently, a single equation was generated using all the data: Y=0.7202x+0.1464. This unified approach simplifies the analysis and broadens the applicability of the Ventorim bleaching index in the pulp and paper industry.
Bravery and Resilience: Analysing the Leadership of Sangolli Rayanna
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, Ramesh M N , Kalegar Jahurbasha
Published: February 2025

This research article examines the inspiring leadership of Rayanna, a prominent historical figure known for his extraordinary resilience and determination in resisting colonial oppression in India in particular south India. Article highlights Rayanna's unwavering commitment to his mother land and emphasizing the strategic tactics employed to overcome the power of Britishers. It further explores the broader impact of his fight, illustrating how his courage galvanized support among diverse communities and contributed to the larger struggle for independence. By shedding light on Rayanna's enduring legacy, this research underscores the significance of his contributions to the fight against colonialism, inspiring future generations to uphold the values of bravery and perseverance in the face of adversity.

Keywords: Leadership, Bravery, Resilience, Pride, Sacrifice, Freedom movement
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BLB RESISTANCE IN RICE GERMPLASM USING MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MARKERS
Authors: NAHEED K , SABAR M , Ali Q , ABBAS A , MUBASHAR U , AHMAD S , ASHFAQ M
Published: February 2025

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) serves as a staple food for billions globally but faces significant challenges from Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. BLB poses a substantial threat to rice production, with potential crop losses reaching up to 75% during severe outbreaks. This study evaluated the morphological and genotypic responses of 25 indica rice genotypes against BLB under field conditions at the Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Sheikhupura, Pakistan, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Phenotypic screening was conducted by inoculating BLB cultures via the leaf clipping method. Fourteen morphological traits, including plant height, number of tiller, panicle length, flag leaf dimensions, stem diameter, grain characteristics, survival rate, damage rate, and 1000-grain weight, were recorded. Molecular characterization was performed for five major BLB resistance QTLs (Xa4, Xa5, Xa21, Xa23, and Xa34). Results revealed 16 resistant genotypes, 4 moderately resistant, 3 moderately susceptible, and 1 highly susceptible. Resistant genotypes, such as 37681, 8060, and 30579, exhibited minimal lesion lengths, ranging from 0.33 cm to 5 cm. These findings highlight promising genotypes for breeding programs aimed at enhancing BLB resistance, with linked molecular markers providing robust tools for future screening and development of BLB-resistant rice varieties.
ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA) GERMPLASM USING SALTOL AND AROMATIC SSR MARKERS
Authors: KAREEM M , SABAR M , Ali Q , ABBAS A , MUBASHAR U , AHMAD S , ASHFAQ M
Published: February 2025

Rice (Oryza sativa) serves as a staple food for nearly half of the global population. Soil salinity has a major effect on plant growth and the production of rice all over the world. The aromatic properties of the rice are another important aspect from a market perspective. The experiment was conducted at Rice Research Institute Kala Shah Kaku. The randomized complete block design with three replications. Molecular markers in genetics are DNA segments linked to a region of the genome. To differentiate one DNA sequence from an unknown DNA pool, molecular markers are used. Most plant genomes include simple sequence repeats (SSRs), which are widely distributed and highly polymorphic sequences. These are often employed in population genetic research, paternity testing, and DNA fingerprinting. Four Salinity resistant linked gene SSR markers (RM-7075, RM-562, RM-152, RM-WN-13903), the results of these markers show that, accession 27141, 17146, 27731, 27745, and 27789 show all the resistant genes, and 27727 shows least resistant gene. Two aromatic SSR markers (Badex and RM-23-120) were used and 27131, 27141, 27146, 27161, 27166, 27202, 27207, 27731, 27745, and 27769 show highly aromatic properties to screen out salt-tolerant and enhanced aromatic accessions and 27141, 27146, 27731, and 27745 have both highly salt resistant and aromatic genes. From this experiment, it is identified that the accessions are significantly high-yielding, and have salinity-resistant genes the accessions show both salt-tolerant genes and have aromatic properties used further in breeding programs and go under the verity development process.
Publications in 2024 and reviewers in 2021 - 2024 on Clinical Critical Care and indexing in Thai-Journal Citation Index - Tier 1 (valid 2025 - 2029)
Authors: Chittawatanarat Kaweesak , Rungruanghiranya Suthat
Published: February 2025

In its 33rd year of publication under the Thai Society of Critical Care Medicine and entering its 5th year as Clinical Critical Care, the journal has reached another milestone by being indexed in the Thai-Journal Citation Index (TCI) Tier 1. This editorial will highlight the published works of the journal, along with expert reviews from various fields, whose insights and critiques have contributed to refining and enhancing the quality of the published research.
ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛДЫҚ КАПИТАЛ КАТЕГОРИЯСЫНЫҢ ГЕНЕЗИСІНІҢ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ
Authors: Д.А. Куланова  , Г.И. Абдикеримова  , А. Әділбек  , Б. Удерхан
Published: February 2025

In the conditions of economic development and economic processes, the role and economic importance of information resources is increasing. Currently, these resources are a source of reproduction and accumulation of intellectual capital of any country seeking to become among the leaders of competition in various sectors of the economy. The desire to have modern, constantly updated information resources is an unshakable pattern of the nation's competitiveness.
The latter is the owner of advanced knowledge, comprehensive skills and adequate conditions for their effective implementation and is the basis and main source of expanded reproduction of intellectual capital aimed at ingenuity, rationality, economical production, high-quality and conscientious work.
The subject of the study is socio-economic relations arising in the process of formation and development of intellectual capital.
The purpose of the work is to identify the features of the economic content of intellectual capital in modern economic conditions.
The authors claim that the concept of intellectual capital has made it possible to reflect the economic content of education as intellectual resources at the micro- and macroeconomic level.
The article outlines the main provisions of the theories of economic development, post-industrial society, human capital, socio-economic changes, social conflicts, organizations, etc.
KONCEPT ODRŽIVE MALOPRODAJE: STUDIJA SLUČAJA VELIKIH MALOPRODAJNIH LANACA
Authors: Dunković Dario , Knežević Blaženka , Kovač Barbara
Published: February 2025

Europska maloprodaja prolazi kroz razvojno razdoblje u kojem je potrebno
brzo uvoditi i učinkovito provoditi načela cirkularnog gospodarstva i zelenih politika.
Promjene u opskrbnim lancima maloprodavača su znakovite i provedena su brojna
istraživanja koja prate te transformacije u procesima proizvodnje i na proizvodima.
Ono što nedostaje u istraživačkom spektru je koncept održivosti u maloprodaji koja
udovoljava ekološkom upravljaju energijom i otpadom prema politici održivosti i
zelenilu. U radu će se obraditi teorijska polazišta održivosti s gledišta održivosti
maloprodavača i pomoću njih pokušati oblikovati matrica koja sučeljava doprinose
globalnog hijerarhijskog pristupa kružnoj ekonomiji 3R (od engl. Reduce, Reuse,
Recycle) i pripadajućih empirijskih studija s elementima specifičnog maloprodajnog
miksa 5P koji uključuje proizvod, lokaciju, cijene, pakiranje i promociju. Metodom
promatranja i uz pomoć studije slučaja fizičkih prodavaonica velikih maloprodajnih
lanaca kategorizirat će se njihove zelene aktivnosti i održive prakse prema oblikovanoj
5P-3R matrici proširene za poduhvate u zajednici. Naša studija doprinosi sve većem
broju izvora o zelenim praksama i ulaganjima u maloprodaji i opskrbnom lancu.
Rezultati otkrivaju da se na tržištu maloprodaje pojavljuju neujednačenosti na planu
uvođenja i provedbe zelenih praksi unutar maloprodajnog miksa i da je u nekim
dijelovima potrebno uložiti više napora, možda i uz regulatorni poticaj. Provedena
kategorizacija može potaknuti buduća istraživanja u pojedinom području
maloprodajnog menadžmenta i maloprodaje kao što je utjecaj reciklirajućih svojstava
pakiranja na prodajne cijene robe.
Efektivitas Pendekatan Pendidikan Abad 21 terhadap Pengembangan Minat Membaca Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Trisnawati Dessy , Hadi Muhammad Sofian
Published: February 2025

Minat membaca merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pengembangan literasi siswa sekolah dasar, terutama di era globalisasi dan teknologi saat ini. Pendidikan abad 21 menekankan keterampilan berpikir kritis, komunikasi, kolaborasi, dan kreativitas, yang diharapkan dapat mendorong siswa untuk lebih tertarik pada aktivitas membaca. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pendekatan pendidikan abad 21 terhadap pengembangan minat membaca siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-eksperimental, melibatkan 60 siswa dari dua sekolah dasar yang dipilih secara purposif. Kelompok eksperimen diterapkan pendekatan pendidikan abad 21 melalui strategi pembelajaran berbasis proyek dan teknologi digital, sementara kelompok kontrol menggunakan metode pembelajaran tradisional. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner minat membaca, observasi, dan wawancara dengan guru, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang belajar menggunakan pendekatan pendidikan abad 21 memiliki peningkatan signifikan dalam minat membaca dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,05). Faktor-faktor seperti penggunaan media digital interaktif, kolaborasi dalam kelompok, dan relevansi materi dengan kehidupan sehari-hari berkontribusi pada keberhasilan pendekatan ini. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan pendidikan abad 21 efektif dalam meningkatkan minat membaca siswa sekolah dasar.
Pengaruh Fasilitas Mewah dan Elemen Ekowisata terhadap Pengalaman Sensorik Pengunjung Glamping di Regan Luxcamp Pangalengan, Bandung
Authors: Malini Lamtiar Hema , Natalia Dessy , Angeline Choules Meggie
Published: February 2025

Industri pariwisata global terus berkembang dengan munculnya konsep-konsep baru yang menawarkan pengalaman unik, salah satunya adalah glamping (glamorous camping). Regan Luxcamp, yang terletak di Pangalengan, Bandung, menjadi destinasi glamping yang menggabungkan kenyamanan fasilitas mewah dan elemen ekowisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh fasilitas mewah dan elemen ekowisata terhadap pengalaman sensorik pengunjung di Regan Luxcamp. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis regresi berganda. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei terhadap 100 pengunjung yang menginap di Regan Luxcamp dalam satu tahun terakhir. Tahapan penelitian melibatkan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan tentang fasilitas mewah, elemen ekowisata, dan pengalaman sensorik pengunjung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas mewah berkontribusi sebesar 0,45 terhadap peningkatan pengalaman sensorik, sementara elemen ekowisata memberikan pengaruh yang lebih besar, yaitu 0,55. Kedua variabel tersebut memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pengalaman sensorik pengunjung. Interaksi antara fasilitas mewah dan elemen ekowisata menciptakan pengalaman wisata yang holistik dan mendalam, menggabungkan kenyamanan fisik dengan kedekatan alam. Temuan ini mendukung teori pengalaman ekonomi, teori pemasaran sensorik, dan teori ekowisata yang menekankan pentingnya integrasi antara kemewahan dan keberlanjutan dalam menciptakan pengalaman yang berkesan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi bagi pengelola destinasi glamping dalam merancang strategi pemasaran yang lebih efektif dan meningkatkan kualitas layanan untuk menarik wisatawan yang menginginkan pengalaman wisata yang menyeluruh dan berkelanjutan.
Meningkatkan Mutu Madrasah melalui Inovasi Kurikulum dan Metode Pembelajaran
Authors: Dawolo Surya Rahmani , Tanjung Yumni Febriani , Gea Yusnidar , Farabi Mohammad Al
Published: February 2025

Pendidikan madrasah di Indonesia mengalami perubahan yang signifikan seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan dinamika sosial. Untuk menghadapi tantangan globalisasi dan kemajuan teknologi, madrasah dituntut untuk berinovasi dalam proses pendidikannya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis inovasi pendidikan madrasah yang melibatkan integrasi antara pendidikan agama dan ilmu pengetahuan umum dengan metode pengajaran yang lebih modern. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur yang membahas perkembangan madrasah dari masa awal hingga era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi madrasah dimulai pada akhir abad ke-19, seiring dengan kebutuhan akan modernisasi pendidikan Islam dan pengaruh kolonialisme. Madrasah modern pertama kali mengadopsi metode pengajaran kelas terstruktur, kurikulum terpadu, serta integrasi antara ilmu umum dan agama. Organisasi Islam seperti Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama berperan penting dalam perkembangan madrasah. Pada era modern, inovasi lebih berfokus pada penggunaan teknologi digital, pengembangan keterampilan abad ke-21, dan penguatan karakter siswa. Penelitian ini menekankan bahwa inovasi yang berkelanjutan sangat penting bagi pendidikan madrasah agar dapat beradaptasi dengan tuntutan zaman serta mempersiapkan generasi yang kompeten secara akademis dan moral.
Analisis Penggunaan Aplikasi Canva dengan Menggunakan Model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Pada Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka oleh Guru Sekolah Dasar di Kota Jambi
Authors: Aminah Siti , Salsabila Talitha
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan aplikasi Canva dalam penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka oleh guru sekolah dasar di Kota Jambi dengan menggunakan model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Studi dilakukan di tiga sekolah dasar, yaitu SD Negeri 1/IV, SD Negeri 28/IV, dan SD Negeri 15/IV, dengan melibatkan seluruh guru sebagai responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik PLS-SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor Performance Expectancy dan Effort Expectancy berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat guru untuk menggunakan aplikasi Canva. Sebaliknya, faktor Social Influence dan Facilitating Condition tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun aplikasi Canva dianggap bermanfaat dan mudah digunakan, dukungan sosial serta fasilitas yang memadai masih kurang memengaruhi adopsinya. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pelatihan intensif bagi guru dan penyediaan infrastruktur pendukung oleh sekolah untuk meningkatkan penggunaan aplikasi Canva. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi praktis dan teoritis dalam memahami faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi adopsi teknologi dalam pendidikan berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka.