bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pantothenic Acid on Growth Performance, Oxidative Stress, and Lipid Content in High-Fat-Fed Megalobrama amblycephala
Authors: Qian Yu , Tang Shangshang , Zhang Mei-Juan , Liu Jin , Xu Wei-Na , Zhang Jing
Published: March 2022

This study was to elucidate the effects of dietary pantothenic acid (PA) on growth, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant status in juvenile blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala. Fish were fed with four experimental diets containing two lipid levels (5% and 11%) and two PA supplementation levels (24 mg kg-1 and 240 mg kg-1) for eight weeks. The results showed that diets containing 11% lipid significantly increased condition factor, mesenteric fat index, triacylglycerol (TG), and cholesterol (TCH) in the liver as well as total lipid content and TCH in the muscle (

P
<
0.05

), but significantly decreased specific growth rate and whole-body protein (

P
<
0.05

). As the dietary lipid level increased, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

) as well as malondialdehyde content (

P
<
0.05

). Besides, cytosolic cytochrome c concentration was also significantly (

P
<
0.05

) increased, while mitochondrial protein, cytochrome c, and Na+-K+-ATPase activities were significantly decreased (

P
<
0.05

). There were no significant changes on growth performance and body composition of PA supplementation. Then, significantly negative (

P
<
0.05

) interactions were observed between dietary lipid and PA supplementation on EPA, DHA, and EPA + DHA content of the muscle. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents in the liver were significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

) with dietary lipid level increased, while liver monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was significantly decreased (

P
<
0.05

). Muscle SFA, DHA, and EPA + DHA contents were significantly decreased (

P
<
0.05

) when dietary fat level increased. Meanwhile, EPA, DHA, and EPA + DHA content was significantly decreased (

P
<
0.05

) with dietary high PA supplementation. On the whole, a high PA supplementation level of 240 mg kg-1 could alleviate lipid content accumulated and oxidative damage induced by a high-fat diet.
Performance Analysis of Grid‐Connected Distributed Generation System Integrating a Hybrid Wind‐PV Farm Using UPQC
Authors: Lei Tongfei , Riaz Saleem , Zanib Noor , Batool Munira , Pan Feng , Zhang Shaoguo
Published: March 2022

This work presents a distributed generation system (DG) that combines system of a wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) using a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). Along with providing active power (AP) to the utility grid, Wind‐PV‐UPQC improves PQ indicators, for example, voltage drops/surges, harmonics of grid voltages, and PF. Since Wind‐PV‐UPQC depends on dual compensation scheme, the parallel converter works as a sinusoidal voltage source, while the series converter works as a sinusoidal current source. In this way, a smooth transition from grid operation to island operation and vice versa can be achieved without load voltage transitions. In addition, in order to overcome the problems through abrupt solar radiation or wind speed variations, a faster power balance is achieved between the wind turbines, the PV array, and the grid, as FFCL pursue the production of the current references of series converter. Consequently, the dynamic reactions of the converter currents and the voltage of dc bus are enhanced. A comprehensive analysis of flow of the AP through the converters is done to ensure a proper understanding of how Wind‐PV‐UPQC works. Finally, the simulation results are shown to estimate the dynamic and static performance of Wind‐PV‐UPQC in conjunction with the power distribution system.
Optimal Pricing Decisions for Dual‐Channel Supply Chain: Blockchain Adoption and Consumer Sensitivity
Authors: Zhang Rong , Xia Zhiwei , Liu Bin
Published: March 2022

Counterfeiting is common in many industries. For the authenticity of online channel products and to combat counterfeiting, many companies have begun to use blockchain technology to trace product information. This paper investigates a dual‐channel supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer, in which the manufacturer sells its standard products through the retailer and adopts blockchain technology to launch the online channel to sell the traceable products. A Stackelberg game is developed to depict the pricing decision and channel strategy choice for the manufacturer. It shows that both the manufacturer and the retailer can benefit from blockchain adoption. And the longer it takes for product traceability, the lower the price of online traceable products. It is beneficial for the manufacturer when consumers in the market are less concerned about information transparency. For consumer sensitivity, as consumers’ acceptance of direct sales channels increases, the selling prices of online traceable products have risen. Furthermore, as the traceability time‐sensitivity coefficient increases, the sales price of the traceable products decreases, and the retail price of offline standard products rises. The conclusion of this paper has a certain guiding role for the dominant manufacturers in choosing whether to apply blockchain technology to improve the demand for traceable products.
Biased Maximum Power Extraction from a PV during Low Irradiation and a Highly Stiffed Grid Condition
Authors: Prasad P. Arokiya , Sivakumar P.
Published: March 2022

Growing electrical demand is to be met dynamically through conventional and nonconventional power sources. PV power generation plays a vital role. Because of low irradiation and overcast weather condition, the installed PV sources are not fully utilized. Many research papers were presented to extract maximum power from PV using various MPPT techniques. This paper presents a new idea of implementing a biased transformer to extract maximum power during the above condition. The proposed method uses three winding transformers to give sufficient biased voltage and current. The biased current and voltage were obtained from the grid that is fed to the primary winding—two of the three winding transformers through the controller. A 10 kW panel is checked for low irradiation and overcast weather condition using the biased MPPT technique. The proposed method is compared with the conventional incremental conductance method with power, cost, and efficiency analysis. Simulation was carried out in MATLAB/Simulink software and experimentally evaluated through a suitable hardware setup.
Strong Convergence of a New Hybrid Iterative Scheme for Nonexpensive Mappings and Applications
Authors: Jia Jie , Shabbir Khurram , Ahmad Khushdil , Shah Nehad Ali , Botmart Thongchai
Published: March 2022

In the article, we have proposed a new type of hybrid iterative scheme which is a hybrid of Picard and Thakur et al. repetitive schemes. This new hybrid iterative scheme converges faster than all leading schemes like Picard-S∗ hybrid, Picard-S, Picard-Ishikawa hybrid, Picard-Mann hybrid, Thakur et al. and Abbas and Nazir, S-iterative, Ishikawa and Mann iterative schemes for contraction mapping. By using the Picard-Thakur hybrid iterative scheme, we can find the solution of delay differential equations and also prove some convergence results for nonexpansive mapping in a uniformly convex Banach space.
Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Poststroke Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Twenty-Six Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhou Liang , Hu Xiuwu , Yu Zhen , Yang Lihui , Wan Renhong , Liu Haolin , Wang Ying
Published: March 2022

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of poststroke insomnia. Methods. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine (CBM), CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases were searched by computer from their inception to April 29, 2021, for collecting all randomized controlled trials of acupuncture in the treatment of poststroke insomnia. After two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies, the data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 and STATA 16.0. The quality of outcomes was evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results. A total of 26 studies with 1874 cases were included, which had 942 cases in the treatment group and 932 cases in the control group. Meta-analysis results showed that, compared with oral medications alone, acupuncture alone or acupuncture combined with oral medications could improve the clinical effective rate and the sleep quality of patients, and the combined effects were RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.27;

P
<
0.00001

and MD = 3.41; 95% CI: 2.40, 4.41;

P
<
0.00001

, respectively. As for adverse reactions, the incidence of acupuncture alone or acupuncture combined with oral drugs was lower than that of oral drugs alone, which was safer and the combined effect was RR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.48;

P
=
0.0002

. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable. We evaluated the quality of evidence with the GRADE system; the clinical effective rate was rated as “LOW,” the evidence grade of PSQI score was “LOW,” and the evidence grade of adverse reactions was “Very LOW.” Conclusion. Acupuncture alone or acupuncture combined with oral drugs is more effective and safer than oral drugs alone in the treatment of poststroke insomnia, which is suitable to promote in clinical practice.
Comprehensive Analysis of ANLN in Human Tumors: A Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Cancer Immunity
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Lin , Huang Shaozhuo , Liao Weixin , Li Jing , Huang Zexuan , Huang Yuehua , Lian Yifan
Published: March 2022

Background. Anillin (ANLN), a ubiquitously expressed actin-binding protein, plays a critical tumor-promoting role in cell growth, migration, and cytokinesis. Numerous studies have suggested that ANLN is upregulated in many cancer types, as well as significantly associated with patient prognosis and malignant cancer characteristics. Herein, we performed an integrated pan-cancer analysis of ANLN and highlighted its underlying mechanism, which may benefit further exploration of the potential therapeutic options for cancer. Methods. ANLN expression data were extracted from online databases, including TCGA, GTEx, and CCLE databases. The TIMER database was used to study the association between ANLN expression with immune checkpoint genes and immunocyte infiltration. The ScanNeo pipeline was adopted for neoantigen discovery. KEGG analysis and the STRING tool were used to elucidate the potential mechanism of ANLN in cancer development. Results. ANLN is abnormally overexpressed in almost all cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. The high-ANLN expression level was positively associated with various malignant characteristics, suggesting its potential role in the immune microenvironment and poor prognosis. In addition, ANLN expression was correlated with the number of neoantigens and different phosphorylation pattern in various cancer types, revealing a functional role of genetic mutation accumulation and high phosphorylation in ANLN-mediated oncogenesis. Moreover, we found that ANLN was an important regulatory factor participating in many signaling events, especially the cell cycle and nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways. Conclusions. ANLN expression is generally overexpressed in various types of cancers, and it may have an important influence on tumor progression and development. ANLN expression is significantly associated with the immune checkpoint biomarkers and tumor immunity. Together, these findings suggest that ANLN may be a predictive marker for patient prognosis across cancers.
Comparison of 3D Conformal Proton Therapy, Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy, and Intensity-Modulated Photon Therapy for Retroperitoneal Sarcoma
Authors: Chung Christine , Trofimov Alexei , Adams Judith , Kung Jong , Kirsch David G. , Yoon Sam , Doppke Karen , Bortfeld Thomas , Delaney Thomas F.
Published: March 2022

Background. External beam radiation therapy (RT) for retroperitoneal sarcoma often requires treatment of large target volumes close to critical normal tissues. Radiation may be limited by adjacent organs at risk (OAR). Intensity-modulated radiation therapy has been shown to improve target coverage and reduce doses to OAR. Objectives. To compare target coverage and dose to OAR with 3D conformal proton therapy (3D CPT), intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), and intensity-modulated photon therapy (IMXT). Methods. We performed a comparative study of treatment plans with 3D CPT, IMPT, and IMXT for ten patients with retroperitoneal sarcomas. RT was delivered to 50.4 Gy to the clinical target volume (CTV), the structures considered at risk for microscopic disease. Results. CTVs ranged from 74 to 357 cc (mean 188 cc). Dose conformity was improved with IMPT, while 3D CPT provided better dose homogeneity. Mean dose to the liver, small bowel, and stomach was reduced with IMPT compared with 3D CPT or IMXT. Conclusions. IMPT, 3D CPT, and IMXT provide excellent target coverage for retroperitoneal sarcomas. OAR dose is lower with IMPT and 3D CPT, and IMPT achieves the closest conformity. These techniques offer the opportunity for further dose escalation to areas with positive margins.
Simulation Analysis of Temperature Effects on the Shear Behavior of Gassy Sand
Authors: Yang Guangchang , Liu Yang , Chen Peipei
Published: March 2022

The gas in gassy sand is enclosed in the pores of soil skeleton mainly in the form of dissolved in water or free gas bubbles, which is considered to be a perfect equilibrium composed of soil particles, pore water, gas, temperature, and overlying pressure. If any of these elements changes, this balance will be destroyed, resulting in disturbance in its mechanical properties. It is generally assumed that the existence of closed gas bubbles will not affect the soil skeleton but increase the compressibility of pore fluid. Assuming that the closed gas bubbles follow Boyle’s law and Henry’s law, the relationship between pore pressure change and volume strain is established. On the basis of the constitutive model which can reflect the temperature characteristics of saturated sand proposed by the author previously, combined with the special characteristics of gassy sand, the effect of temperature effects on the shear behavior of gassy sand is preliminarily explored and analyzed. The results show that under the condition of drained shear, the increase of temperature will increase the shear strength of gassy sand, and the simulation results are in good agreement with the test data. Under the condition of undrained shear, the shear strength of loose gassy sand increases with the increase of temperature, while that of dense gassy sand decreases. Moreover, the larger the gas volume, the more obvious these phenomena tend to be. However, only qualitative simulation analysis is carried out for undrained shear, which needs further verification in combination with relevant tests.
Analysis of Bank Customer Default Risk Based on Embedded Microprocessor Wireless Communication
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Guo Zhe , Sun Yingying
Published: March 2022

Bank personal credit is affected by factors such as inadequate management and lagging risk information management system. Bank default risk analysis is needed to improve the ability of bank credit risk management. Therefore, a bank customer default risk analysis based on embedded microprocessor wireless communication is proposed. Firstly, it analyzes the risk assessment parameter evaluation system of personal credit, constructs the quantitative analysis model of personal credit risk, calculates the grade gradient value in the bank’s personal credit risk standard, carries out the mathematical modeling of bank customer default risk assessment, strengthens the implementation of “three checks,” tracks and manages the borrower, supervises the use of credit funds, improves the social credit investigation system, and on this basis, optimizes the mathematical model of bank customer default risk assessment. The experimental results show that this method can realize the bank’s quantitative evaluation and control of personal credit risk, improve the bank’s credit risk prevention and control ability, and provide a reliable basis for the bank’s credit risk evaluation operation and management.
An Intervention Study on Children’s Healthy Joint Attention Skills Based on a Mixed Instructional Approach of DTT and PRT
Authors: Liu Shengmin , Mao Shufang
Published: March 2022

Joint attention is an important element that influences children’s early development of communication and sociality, and joint attention is more often than not the earliest incipient of their prosocial behavior. Joint attention skills are one of the core deficits of children with autism, and identifying and remediating the core problems of autism is a popular area of interest, with joint attention being the focus of attention. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the combined orientation model of Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT) and Pivotal Response Training (PRT) could improve the joint attention skills of children with autism. This study used a cross-behavioral multitest design in a single-subject study with two preschool children with autism as subjects, with the independent variable being joint attention teaching and the dependent variable being the three joint attention skills (eye gaze, following directions, and active display). After the instructional intervention, children with autism showed a significant increase in the correctness of “eye alternation,” “following directions,” and “moving displays.”
Nutritional Evaluation of Buns Developed from Chickpea-Mung Bean Composite Flour and Sugar Beet Powder
Authors: Muldabekova Bayan Zh. , Umirzakova Gulzhanat A. , Assangaliyeva Zhazira R. , Maliktayeva Pernekul M. , Zheldybayeva Ainur A. , Yakiyayeva Madina A.
Published: March 2022

The research was aimed at developing recipes for buns studying the nutritional value of securities. In the work, an assortment of bakery products was developed from flour, composite mixtures of leguminous crops and dry powders of sugar beets. As a result, bakery products with useful properties and improved qualities were obtained. In the recipe, sugar was completely replaced by dry powders of sugar beet. The optimal combination for making a bun from composite flour and dry sugar beet powder was 10% chickpea and 5% mung bean flour with 9.23 g of dry sugar beet powder added per 100 g flour. Physical and chemical indicators, including mineral elements, vitamin composition, and safety indicators, were determined. It was proven that the use of composite flour from leguminous crops contributes to a contraction of the technological process of the production of bakery products, reducing the time needed for dough preparation and baking. The use of technology for obtaining bakery products and recipes in production allows expanding the range of bakery products, reducing the duration of the technological process of production, improving the quality of finished products, and increasing labour productivity. It also helps to improve the socioeconomic indicators of bakery and confectionery enterprises.
Analytical Approximate Solution of the Fractional Order Biological Population Model by Using Natural Transform
Authors: Ali Nasir , Nawaz Rashid , Zada Laiq , Mouldi Abir , Bouzgarrou Souhail Mohamed , Sene Ndolane
Published: March 2022

In the present work, the natural transform iterative method (NTIM) is implemented to solve the biological population model (BPM) of fractional order. The method is tested for three nonlinear examples. The NTIM is a combination of a new iterative method and natural transform. We see that the solution pattern converges to the exact solution in a few iterations. The method handles an extensive range of differential equations of both fractional and integer order. The fractional order derivative is considered in Caputo’s sense. For mathematical computation, Mathematica 10 is used.
MALL and EFL Learners’ Speaking: Impacts of Duolingo and WhatsApp Applications on Speaking Accuracy and Fluency
Authors: Ahmed Alim Al Ayub , Hassan Isyaku , Pallathadka Harikumar , Keezhatta Muhammed Salim , Noorman Haryadi Rofiq , Al Mashhadani Zuhair I. , Yahya Attwan Lamyaa , Rohi Ali
Published: March 2022

Regarding the importance of using MALL in learning English, this study aimed to investigate the effects of Duolingo and WhatsApp applications on developing the speaking accuracy and fluency of Iranian EFL learners. To fulfill this objective, three groups of Iranian intermediate EFL learners were selected as the participants of this research. After that, all groups took the speaking pretest and then received the treatment. One group was taught ten conversations from Family and Friends Book 5 using the Duolingo application, and the other group was taught the same conversations using the WhatsApp application. The third group, considered the control group (CG), was instructed on the conversations in a traditional classroom. After teaching the conversations, a speaking posttest was administered to all groups to compare their performances after the treatment. The collected data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test. The results revealed that two experimental groups (EGs) had better performances than the CG on the speaking posttest. In addition, the outcomes showed that two EGs performed similarly on their speaking posttests. Eventually, the conclusions and the pedagogical implications of this research were explained.
Research on Museum Educational Display Based on Image Recognition Tracking
Authors: Chen Boyuan , Lan Shuai
Published: March 2022

Based on the VR display project of the museum, this paper elaborates the temporal restoration, spatial restoration, and immersive experience of virtual reality technology and discusses the basic research of virtual reality technology in the museum, the display of the platform, and the prospect of cultural communication. By studying the working principle of somatosensory interaction technology, the development status of the somatosensory interaction device Kinect, and the programming algorithm, this paper explores its development trend and application prospect in the field of interactive exhibit design and production in science and technology museums. A prototype system of human-machine interaction is realized in the exhibit design, using Unity3D as the engine to build the interaction platform, and using webcam and other interactive devices to realize somatosensory interaction, improve the design scheme of interactive science exhibits, and practice diversified and multisensory innovative exploration of science forms.
E-Commerce Recommendation Technology Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm and Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Lou Feng
Published: March 2022

Personalized recommendation technology, as one of the core technologies of an E-commerce platform, has attracted a lot of attention with the rise of E-commerce in the Internet industry. Mobile cloud computing-based E-commerce has also exploded in popularity. You can buy whatever you want without leaving the house. Consumers are becoming increasingly receptive to online shopping as a result of this convenience; the E-commerce model demonstrates great modern business value. With its convenient and quick characteristics, online shopping has become fashionable and trendy; however, the popularity of the Internet and the rapid development of E-commerce has resulted in information overload, making it difficult for users to find the goods they require among a vast amount of product information. As a result, the E-commerce recommendation system was born. However, there is currently very little in-depth research on personalized recommendation technology in the field of o2o E-commerce, and most existing recommendation algorithms need to be improved in terms of accuracy and recommendation efficiency.
Prediction Model of Stress Intensity Factor of Circumferential Through Crack in Elbow Based on Neural Network
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Li Xianghui , Chen Bin
Published: March 2022

Using ANSYS software to establish the finite element model of crack bending tube, the SIF at the tip of the crack is calculated for the difference in the diameter of the pipe, the outer diameter of the elbow, and the bending angle of the bend pipe, and it is used as a neural network to calculate the sample. By using three layers of BP network to establish the prediction model of the SIF of cracked pipe, the simulation of 39 sets of samples proves that the relative error of the BP network model is 0.19% and the mean square error of the network output is 0.0102. The prediction model has high prediction precision and generalization ability and can be used in engineering design and calculation.
Analysis of Serum IgG1 to Predict Progression and Therapeutic Effect in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Yin Jingping , Qiu Jun , Zhang Zheng , Feng Bin , Shi Jinfang , Zheng Dong
Published: March 2022

Objective. The correlation between laboratory indicators and clinical treatment effects and the prognosis of multiple myeloma remains poorly understood. Therefore, our study investigated whether serum IgG subclasses could be employed as potential indicators contributed to evaluate the therapeutic effect and prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma. Patients and Methods. Records of patients with multiple myeloma were initially diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China, from August 1, 2017, to February 28, 2020. The assessment abilities of serological indicators for therapeutic effect were evaluated in patients compared with healthy controls. Results. In 560 study patients with multiple myeloma, serum IgA, IgG, IgM, κ-LC, and λ-LC increased by15%, 33.04%, 1.96%, 27.50%, and 26.43%, respectively. Further analysis found that IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 were over the upper limit of the reference range with 26.38%, 6.09%, 8.12%, and 4.64%, respectively. κ-LC and λ-LC were found in the urine in 65.13% and 29.70%, respectively. In peripheral blood, the proportion of CD3+CD4+, CD3−CD19+ cells, and CD4+/CD8+ decreased, whereas CD3+CD8+ cells and CD16+/CD56+ increased, and the associated cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were upregulated in patients when compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, the serum levels of IgA, IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 gradually decreased in patients before, during, and after treatment. Similar results were found in serum and urine κ-LC and λ-LC. Conclusion. Serum IgG1 level could serve as the potential indicator for evaluating the therapeutic effect for patients with multiple myeloma. κ-LC and λ-LC also have the potential to be prognostic indicators. More studies are warranted to explore these serological indicators for personalized therapy in the future.
Deep Learning-Based Scheduling Scheme for IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH Network
Authors: Haque Md. Niaz Morshedul , Lee Young-Doo , Koo Insoo
Published: March 2022

IEEE 802.15.4e time-slotted channel hopping (TSCH) is one of the most reliable resources of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). TSCH operates on the slot-frame structure consisting of multiple channel-offsets and multiple slot-offsets. It is gaining acceptance due to its simple architecture and consume low power in industrial applications. The performance of TSCH is mainly dominated by the media access control (MAC) mechanism, which covers the refitment, enumeration, composition, and data transmission. However, in many cases, the data transmission schedules are not accurately prescribed. Therefore, most researchers are trying to define many pragmatic scenarios of scheduling. Their fundamental approach is to schedule TSCH network in a centralized way while framing scheduling based on network performance such as throughput and delay. In this work, a deep learning (DL)-based scheme has been proposed. TSCH network schedules for links to cell assignment of a slot-frame can be constructed as a maximum edge weighted bipartite matching approach. In this paper, we design bipartite edge weight to be composed of throughput and delay, and we use the Hungarian algorithm for proper cell assignment. With the Hungarian scheduling algorithm, we generate the training data and train a deep neural network (DNN) accordingly. In the simulation, we consider a simple TSCH network with 5 nodes where 12 links are formulated, and we consider 16 cells for the link assignment. The simulation results show that the proposed deep learning-based scheduling scheme can provide performance similar to the Hungarian algorithm-based scheduling scheme with above 90% accuracy and nearly 80% execution time reduction.
Identifying the Potential Role and Prognostic Value of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Pathway in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xin Shiyong , Sun Xianchao , Jin Liang , Zhou Zhen , Liu Xiang , Li Weiyi , Mei Wangli , Zhang Jiaxin , Zhang Bihui , Yao Xudong , Zhou Liqing , Ye Lin
Published: March 2022

The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) pathway is important in angiogenesis, which can accelerate the formation of vessels in tumor tissues and promote the progression of malignant tumors. To clarify the role of PDGF in the occurrence of renal cell carcinoma and targeted drug resistance, we explored the pathway in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) through bioinformatics analysis with the aim of supporting comprehensive and individualized therapy. First, we found 40 genes related to the PDGF pathway through gene set enrichment analysis and then obtained their expressions and clinical data in 32 different cancers from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Mutations in these genes (including copy number and single-nucleotide variation) and mRNA expression were also detected. Next, we conducted a hazard ratio analysis to determine whether the PDGF pathway genes were risk or protective factors in tumors. Although PDGF-related genes acted as traditional oncogenes and were closely related to tumor angiogenesis in many cancers, our results indicated that most genes had a protective role in KIRC. We further analyzed the methylation modification of PDGF pathway genes and found that they were prevalent in 32 different cancers. Furthermore, 539 KIRC samples obtained from TCGA were divided into three clusters based on the mRNA expression of PDGF genes, including normal, inactive, and active PDGF gene expressions. The results from survival curve analysis indicated that the active PDGF cluster of patients had the best survival rate. Using the three clusters, we studied the correlation between the PDGF pathway and 12 common targeted drugs, as well as classical oncogenes and infiltrating immune cells. A prognostic risk model was constructed based on the PDGF score using LASSO-Cox regression analysis to analyze the value of the model in predicting the prognosis of patients with KIRC. Finally, 11 genes were selected for LASSO regression analysis, and the results demonstrated the high predictive value of this risk model and its close relationship with the pathological characteristics of KIRC (metastasis, size, grade, stage, etc.). In addition, we found that the risk score was an independent risk factor correlated with overall survival through univariate and multivariate analyses and a nomogram was built to assess patient prognosis. In conclusion, the occurrence and development of KIRC may be associated with an abnormally activated PDGF pathway, which may be a potential drug target in the treatment of KIRC.
Dynamic Monitoring and Research on the Evolution of the Damage of Weakly Consolidated Coal Floor under Dynamic Pressure Using Distributed Optical Fiber
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Pingsong , Yao Duoxi , Tian Yutong , Ou Yuanchao
Published: March 2022

During the extraction of coal seam, the evolution pattern of the rock is an important element for controlling the rock seam and preventing water damage to mine. In order to obtain the deformation and damage of weakly cemented coal seam footings under dynamic pressure, the stability of the footings was studied using a combination of various methods, including rock mechanics testing, field testing, and numerical simulations. By sticking distributed optical fiber on the surface of rock samples, the degree and location of rupture on the surface of rock samples could be obtained using the strain response correlation for optical fiber. Two monitoring holes were arranged in the bottom plate of coal seam at 12307 working face of a mine in Ordos Basin, China. Moreover, a distributed optical fiber sensor was implanted in the hole. The results show that the failure depth was 16.5 m. On the other hand, the numerical simulation results show that the failure depth of the bottom plate was 16.0 m, which agreed well with the measured value. The distribution characteristics of the maximum principal stress of the bottom slab during the advancement of working face were obtained using three-dimensional (3D) numerical model. Based on the distributed optical fiber strain tests in the two boreholes in the same vertical profile and combined with the natural proximal interpolation method, the interhole strain increment distribution profile was obtained. The research results provide a reference for the safe mining of coal resources and the prevention and control of water damage in the mine floor.
Incidence of FGFR2 Amplification and FGFR2 Fusion in Patients with Metastatic Cancer Using Clinical Sequencing
Authors: Hyung Sujin , Han Boram , Jung Jaeyun , Kim Seung Tae , Hong Jung Yong , Park Se Hoon , Zang Dae Young , Park Joon Oh , Park Young Suk , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Kang Won Ki , Lee Jeeyun
Published: March 2022

Aberrations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor2 (FGFR2) gene, including genetic alterations and chromosomal rearrangements, lead to the development and progression of cancer with poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the FGFR2 signaling pathway to facilitate the development of FGFR2-targeted therapies have not been fully explored. Here, we examined the clinicopathological features of FGFR2 amplification and fusion in gastrointestinal tract/genitourinary tract cancers. FGFR2 amplification and fusion were identified in approximately 1.5% and 1.1% of all cancer types in 1,373 patients, respectively, with both FGFR2 amplification and fusion occurring together at a rate of approximately 0.6%. Of all cancer types screened, gastric cancer (GC) was the most common cancer type with FGFR2 amplification (87.5% of all FGFR2 amplification case) or fusion (46.7% of all cases). In addition, FGFR2 alteration had poorer overall survival (OS, 13.7 months vs. 50.2 months,

P
=
0.0001

) and progression-free survival (PFS, 5.6 months vs. 11.4 months,

P
=
0.0005

) than did those without FGFR2 alteration, respectively. Taken together, our data underscore to screen solid cancer patients for FGFR2 aberrations in oncology clinic.
An RFID-Enabled IoT-Based Smart Tourist Route Recommendation Algorithm
Authors: Hua Zhao
Published: March 2022

With the rapid development and broad deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, the IoT are increasingly shifting away from “interconnection of everything” to “human-computer-thing” sensing integration. Although there are numerous sensing technologies available today, radio frequency identification (RFID) has emerged as useful medium for “passive sensing” due to its lightweight, taggable, and simple deployment properties. With the growth of social networks in recent years, it has become a significant research hotspot for the development of path suggestion systems that are tailored to the demands of individual users’ preferences. This paper considers the relevant features of interest points, integrates the user’s emotion and product similarity into the heuristic function of the ant colony algorithm, adopts the elite management ant strategy, maximizes the management ant strategy, and uses particle swarm algorithm to improve the initial pheromone distribution of the ant colony algorithm. The proposed model combines the ratings of 593 tourists and text comment information into one dataset and proposes a smart tourist route recommendation model. The improved ant colony algorithm is utilized to recommend the most popular tourist routes and recommend the tourist routes of the most popular tourist spots in the scenic area. The suggested method is more efficient in terms of accuracy and recall. The

F

measure value is derived from real-world dataset testing.
Sociodemographic, Clinical, Lifestyle, and Psychological Correlates of Peripheral Neuropathy among 2- to 12-Year Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Authors: Révész Dóra , Bonhof Cynthia S. , Bours Martijn J.L. , Weijenberg Matty P. , Vreugdenhil Gerard , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke V. , Mols Floortje
Published: March 2022

Background: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a debilitating complication among colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors that can become chronic. No large-scale study has yet analyzed correlates in multivariable models. We did multivariable analyses to find correlates of PN. Methods: In 1,516 all-stage Dutch CRC survivors, cross-sectional data were collected on sensory, motor, autonomic, and total PN, sociodemographic (age, sex, education, employment, partner), clinical (time since diagnosis, tumor location, stage, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, comorbidities), lifestyle (alcohol, smoking, physical activity, body mass index), psychological factors (anxiety, depression, personality), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). After multiple imputations, correlates were analyzed with linear regressions and eliminated with backward selection. Results: CRC survivors (69 years; 42% female) were on average 5 years post-diagnosis, and 28%–65% reported PN. PN was associated with older age, being male (sensory) or female (motor), shorter time since diagnosis, chemotherapy, comorbidities, anxiety, depression, and worse scores on HRQoL domains, and pain, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, constipation, and financial problems. Conclusions: In multivariable analyses, PN is affected by receiving chemotherapy, aging, sex, comorbidities, stress-related factors, and HRQoL in CRC survivors. Future PN-related studies can include these factors, and they can be examined in longitudinal studies to gain more knowledge about chronicity and severity of PN.
Abstract 101: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation via Inhibition of IL-17
Authors: Sharma Ashish K , Lu Guanyi , Jester Andrea , Saadatzadeh M Reza , Laubach Victor E , Murphy Michael P , Ailawadi Gorav , Upchurch Gilbert R
Published: March 2022

Objective:
The immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain to be defined in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. This study investigates the role of MSCs in the attenuation of AAA via inhibition of IL-17 using an
in vivo
elastase-perfusion murine model and by
in vitro
studies.

Methods:
AAAs were induced in 8- to 12-week old C57BL/6 (WT) mice using an elastase-perfusion (or heat inactivated elastase as control) AAA mouse model. The abdominal aorta was perfused for 5 minutes with 0.4 U/mL type 1 porcine pancreatic elastase. WT mice were also treated with MSCs (1x10
6
cells; intravenously) administered on day 1. On day 14 following perfusion, the abdominal aorta was measured by video micrometry and expressed as percentage increase over baseline aortic diameter. Cytokine analysis of aortic tissue was performed by multiplex-bead based ELISA.
In vitro
experiments evaluated cell proliferation and IL-17 production in mixed lymphocyte reactions with or without MSC treatment. Groups were compared using ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test.

Results:
A significant increase in aortic diameter was observed on day 14 in elastase-perfused WT mice compared to controls, which was significantly attenuated in the elastase-perfused WT mice treated with MSCs (141.1±16.2% vs 51.2±4.15% vs. 82.1±9.2%, respectively; p<0.05; n=6). A significant attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (IL-17, MCP-1, RANTES, IL-23, IFN-γ and TNF-α) production occurred in the aortic tissue from MSC-treated elastase-perfused WT mice compared to elastase-perfused WT mice on day 14.
In vitro
experiments demonstrated that activation of mononuclear cells (MNCs) by anti-human CD3 and CD28 resulted in significant cell proliferation compared to unstimulated MNCs, and was significantly suppressed by MSCs co-cultured with MNCs (18,323.2+882.2 vs. 1475.7+182.0 vs. 646.5+29.1 cpm, respectively; p<0.05; n=4). Furthermore, MSCs significantly attenuated IL-17 production by activated MNCs (163.5+27.8 vs. 1874.5+103.3 pg/ml, respectively; p<0.05; n=4).

Conclusions:
Mesenchymal stem cells attenuate AAA formation likely via mitigation of lymphocyte-produced IL-17 thereby offering a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of aortic aneurysms.
Abstract 105: Free Cholesterol Determines the Phospholipid Domain Size and Stability of rHDL
Authors: Auton Matthew , Gillard Baiba K , Rosales Corina , Pownall Henry J
Published: March 2022

Background:
Microsolubilization of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) by human apolipoprotein A-I is a frequently used model system for the identification of determinants of macrophage cholesterol efflux, the first step in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) to hepatic disposal. Although many studies have focused on microsolubilization of DMPC, most have been conducted under stoichiometric conditions resulting in ∼9 nm rHDL, and few have included free cholesterol (FC), a key lipid in RCT.

Methods:
Various rHDL species (excess DMPC + FC), were prepared and analyzed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy as a function of temperature.

Results:
At each mol% of FC/DMPC, multiple rHDL species differing in size from ∼10 to ∼25 nm were formed. In SEC, rHDL size increased with the mol% FC in the microsolubilization reaction and in a given reaction mixture the large rHDL were always more FC-rich than the small rHDL. In DSC, the DMPC transition range of rHDL was broader than that of pure DMPC and although the transition temperature moderately increases with increasing mol% FC, the apparent enthalpy of the transition is diminished. The thermal dependence of the CD spectra showed that increasing mol% FC and rHDL size moderately increases the stability of apo A-I.

Conclusion:
Although large FC-rich and small FC-poor domains coexist on DMPC surfaces; the size of these domains increases with mol% FC. This effect of FC on rHDL size decreases the overall cooperativity of the DMPC phase transition and reduces the number of acyl chain interactions. Physiologically, these data suggest that increased FC-loading of macrophages should increase the size of nascent HDL produced by the interaction of apo A-I with cellular ABCA1. The lower stability of FC-poor HDL would likely make it release more lipid-free apo A-I in response to important plasma proteins including LCAT, PLTP, and CETP and in response to serum opacity factor.
Abstract 131: PCSK9: A Biomarker Associated with the Metabolic Complications of Morbid Obesity
Authors: Cariou Bertrand , Le Bras Maëlle , Letessier Eric , Mosnier Jean-François , Benoit Isabelle , Krempf Michel , Huten Noêl , Jacobi David , Costet Philippe
Published: March 2022

Objectives:
Plasma pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a secreted protease that inhibits the activity of the LDL-receptor. Here, we determined the effect of bariatric surgery on plasma PCSK9 levels.

Methods:
Sixty-five obese patients (BMI : 46.7 ± 6.5 kg/m
2)
were prospectively evaluated before and 6 months after bariatric surgery (sleeve-gastrectomy [n=53], Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [n=12], gastric banding [n=1]). Plasma PCSK9 were measured by ELISA and liver mRNA PCSK9 expression by Q-PCR.

Results:
Before surgery, plasma PCSK9 was positively associated with LDL-C (r=0.59, P<0.0001), plasma triglycerides (TG) (r=0.48, P=0.0006) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (r=0.29 ; P=0.036), and negatively with BMI (r =-0.34, P=0.01). Plasma PCSK9 concentrations were increased in obese patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) compared to those without MetS (295 ± 93
vs
210 ± 58 ng/ml, P<0.0001). Bariatric surgery did not alter plasma PCSK9 concentrations at 6 months. Interestingly, circulating PCSK9 was not longer correlated with LDL-C after bariatric surgery, but remained strongly associated with TG (r=0.50 P=0.0006), FPG (r=0.40 P=0.006) and HOMA-IR (r=0.40 P=0.007). Plasma PCSK9 levels were positively associated with liver steatosis (r=0.26, P=0.05), and were higher in patients with NASH (347 ± 101
vs
228 ± 73 ng/ml, P=0.003). Surprisingly, PCSK9 hepatic mRNA expression did not correlate with plasma PCSK9 concentrations, neither with LDL-C nor TG.

Conclusions:
Circulating PCSK9 concentrations are associated with the metabolic complications of obesity, including insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridemia and NASH and are not a direct reflect of its hepatic synthesis.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier :
NCT00422006
Abstract 146: Activation of the Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Adapter Protein MyD88 Is Detrimental to Skeletal Muscle in Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI)
Authors: Patel Hemanshu , Yong Cissy , Abraham David , Baker Daryll , Shaw Sidney , Tsui Janice
Published: March 2022

Objective:
CLI is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in the western world and is associated with skeletal muscle damage and tissue loss, however its pathophysiology is poorly understood.TLRs have been implicated in ischaemia-induced tissue damage. TLR 2 and 6 in particular have been implicated in critically ischaemic muscle. Two signalling pathways exist for the signalling transduction of TLRs: the MyD88-dependent and the MyD88-independent pathways. We aim to investigate which TLR signalling pathways are involved in ischaemia-induced muscle damage. We hypothesize that skeletal muscle ischaemia induces TLR 2/6 heterodimerisation and activation of the MyD88 dependent pathway resulting in cytokine-mediated muscle damage.

Methods:
TLR 2/6 expression in ischaemic and control human muscle biopsies and in C2C12 myotubes cultured in ischaemic conditions were studied using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. TLR 2/6 heterodimerisation was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Activation of the signalling pathway was assessed using phosphorylated inhibitor of kappa B (IκBα) expression. Functional effects of TLR 2/6 antagonism and MyD88 inhibition on ischaemia-induced IL-6 release and apoptosis were studied in myotubes incubated with neutralizing TLR 2/6 antibodies or MyD88 inhibitor. IL-6 release was assayed by ELISA. Apoptosis was assessed using cleaved caspase-3.

Results:
TLR 2/6 protein expression was significantly upregulated in ischaemic human muscle and ischaemic C2C12 myotubes (p<0.05). TLR 2/6 co-localise and heterodimerise under ischaemic conditions with consequent activation of the signalling pathway as shown by upregulation of phosphorylated IκBα. Ischaemia-induced IL-6 production and apoptosis were reduced by TLR 2/6 antagonism and MyD88 inhibition (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
Upregulation of TLR 2/6 expression occurs in CLI. Heterodimerisation of TLR 2/6 and the subsequent activation of the signalling pathway results in IL-6 release and apoptosis which contributes to inflammation and muscle damage in ischaemia. Further we have demonstrated that the MyD88 dependent and not the MyD88 independent pathway is important in the TLR mediated muscle damage and thus this pathway may be a potential therapeutic target.