bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal and Ethical Recommendations for Video Recording in the Operating Room: A Review of Literature
Authors: Torkmandi Hojjat , Sadeghi Bita , Farahany Parsa Farmahin , Mozafari Mostafa , Abdi Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Background: One of the legal and ethical issues related to the medical profession and health centers is patients’ uncertainty regarding the type and quality of clinical care provided and the extent to which the health care providers comply with the necessary criteria in delivering health care. This study investigated the civil, criminal, and ethical aspects of using cameras in the operating room by describing a case that a legal complaint had filed regarding this issue and a review of the literature.Methods: The study was a case report and narrative review. First, we introduce a case that found out that the patient admitted for brain tumor surgery did not operate on him and requested to review the videos of the operating room. Then, we investigated this issue in the literature.
Results: The purpose and outcome of using Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) in the Operating Room (OR), may vary depending on the goals, needs, and expectations of different stakeholders. Some countries may use CCTV in the OR primarily for educational, research, or quality improvement purposes. In contrast, others may use CCTV in the OR mainly for security, surveillance, or legal purposes.
Conclusion: The suggestion of recording the events done in the operating room environment using a CCTV can be an acceptable solution and as a legal document and evidence.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Student Evaluation of Online Teaching Effectiveness (SEOTE) questionnaire Among Medical Sciences’ Students
Authors: Farhangi Mahdieh Abbasalizad , Khoshro Sahar , Ahmady Soleiman , Sobouti Behnam , Shekarchi Babak , Kohan Noushin
Published: March 2024

Background: Due to the increasing number of online educations, traditional methods for evaluation of different on-line education methods are not suitable and there is a need for a valid and reliable tool in this field. This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the Student Evaluation of Online Teaching Effectiveness (SEOTE) questionnaire among Medical Sciences’ students in Tabriz, Iran.
Methods: Using convenience sampling method, the present study included 230 students of Medical Sciences (e.g., mean age of 21.96 ±3.47 years) in Tabriz, Iran. The SEOTE questionnaire was used to collect the data. Forward–backward translation, construct validity and content validity were utilized to check the validity of the questionnaire. In addition, temporal stability was calculated using the test-retest method and Internal Consistency Coefficient (ICC).
Results: It was confirmed that the SEOTE has appropriate content validity using the content validity index (CVI) of 0.80 and content validity ratio CVR of 0.70. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) identified the following two factors for domain identification of “communication” and “learning”. A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.97 was obtained for the questionnaire’s reliability, and ICC was used to confirm the temporal stability of the questionnaire (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.966-0.977).
Conclusion: This study confirms that the Persian version of SEOTE questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for evaluation of on-line teaching among Medical Sciences’ students.
Evaluation of Carbapenemase-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae by Disk Diffusion Test and Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Tabriz Hedieh Moradi , Rastgufar Sepideh , Nazar Elham , Pourgholi Leyla , Boroumand Mohammad Ali
Published: March 2024

Background: Carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is a major threat to public health. These microorganisms are resistant to all types of beta-lactam antibiotics.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from clinical samples in Sina Hospital and Tehran Heart Center in Iran from 2016 to 2018. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method. Carbapenem-resistant isolates were identified by the Modified Hodge Test (MHT) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for surveying the presence of VIM, NDM, IMMP, and OXA-48 genes.
Results: Out of 51 clinical samples, 38 isolates were positive for both MHT and PCR tests, and 5 isolates were negative in both tests. The results of both tests are similar in 84.3% of the isolates.
Conclusion: The MHT is an appropriate and easy method for approving carbapenemase production. Also, a laboratory can detect the carbapenemase production by identification of the KPC genes.
Evaluating Clinical Presentations and Diagnostic Procedures in Pediatric Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Heshmati Bita , Rahmani Parisa , Alimadadi Hosein , Zebardast Jeyran
Published: March 2024

Background: The aim of the current research was to assess the clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods used in juvenile cases of Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH).
Methods: This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design to investigate pediatric patients diagnosed with AIH at Children’s Medical Center Hospital, which is affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. The study included patients who received routine examinations, treatments, and follow-ups during the period from 2018 to 2021.
Results: The present investigation encompassed the evaluation of 52 pediatric patients, mostly female, with a mean age of 7.76 years. The vast majority of patients have encountered the occurrence of acute AIH. Positive findings for the Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibodies (ASMA) test were seen in 50% of the patients. The mean score for fibrosis in the observed individuals was 2.56, whereas the mean value for the Hepatitis Activity Index (HAI) in a subset of 29 patients was found to be 7.34. One patient succumbed to the condition, one case underwent transplantation, and another individual was identified as a candidate for liver transplantation.
Conclusion: Patients with AIH saw a decrease in long-term survival. There was no observed disparity in prognosis based on gender; nevertheless, it was noted that males had a shorter lifespan, perhaps attributable to an earlier beginning of the illness. The presence of cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis constituted a significant risk factor for unfavorable prognosis, as it was associated with an elevated overall risk of mortality owing to liver dysfunction.
Relationship Between Mental Workload and Cognitive Function in the Academic Staff of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, 2022
Authors: Haghi Mehrdad , Nodoushan Reza Jafari , Jambarsang Sara , Anousheh Vidasadat , Mehrparvar Amir Houshang
Published: March 2024

Background: Academic staff have different roles which may impose a high mental workolad on them and affect their cognitive function. This study was designed to assess different subscales of mental worklaod and cognitive function in university academic staff.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 86 faculty members of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Stratified sampling was used to select participants from different schools. The participants were divided into basic sciences and clinical faculty members. Mental workload was assessed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). Cognitive function was assessed by Stroop test. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26 using Shapiro-Wilks test, Student’s T-test, Mann Whitney U test, univariate ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test. The level of significance was 0.05.
Results: Mean age and work history of the participants was 43.6±8.6 yr. and 11.7±9.1 yr., respectively. Mental workload, especially two aspects of mental demand and performance, was high and it was significantly higher in the participants from school of medicine and among those with executive/administrative responsibilities. From subscales of mental workload, physical demand was significantly higher among clinical than basic sciences faculty members (p<0.05). Among different aspects of cognitive function, only numbers of congruent errors were significantly higher among clinical faculties. Mental workload and cognitive function were not significantly correlated.
Conclusion: This study showed a high level of mental workload in university academic staff, especially in clinical faculty members, but this high mental workload did not affect their cognitive function.
Vertebral Fracture and Its Outcomes in Emergency Patients of Kowsar Hospital in Sanandaj: An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Hayati Imran , Saedi Armin , Azizkhani Leila
Published: March 2024

Background: Vertebral fracture, one of the most incidents in human life, is associated with many complications. Due to the importance of this complication, this study was conducted to epidemiologically investigate vertebral fractures and their consequences in the emergency department of Kowsar Hospital in Sanandaj in 2017.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 350 patients who visited the emergency department of Kowsar Sanandaj Hospital in 2017 due to vertebral fractures were included. The data was extracted from information collected through phone contact and patients’ medical documents. V Kramer and ETA tests were performed to analyze the hypotheses using SPSS 25 software.
Results: Men constituted 61% of the patients. The average age of the patients was 42.18 (6.86) years, and almost 41% of the patients lived in Sanandaj. The most common trauma mechanism was fall injury with 44.8%, 59.55% of which were in the lumbar region. Compression and burst fractures had the highest fracture rates with 47.85 and 21.9 percent, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the findings, the fractures were more prevalent in men, young people, and in labor and agricultural occupations, and there is a significant relationship between the consequences of fractures with age, sex, and occupation, which indicates the need for more safety considerations in these people. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and subsequently modulate the risk factors associated with falling injuries to reduce this type of injury.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (P-YFAS 2.0) in an Iranian Clinical Sample
Authors: Tajik-Esmaeeli Soode , Jolfaei Atefeh Ghanbari , Rashedi Vahid , Kamalzadeh Leila , Rahimi Zahra , Salehian Razieh
Published: March 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric aspects of Persian version of Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) and the prevalence of Food Addiction (FA) among Iranian obese population seeking bariatric surgery.
Methods:  In this cross-sectional study, psychometric aspects of the YFAS 2.0 including validity and reliability were assessed. Convergent and discriminant validity of the YFAS 2.0 was evaluated using Eating Disorder Inventory-3, Referral form (EDI-3 RF), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-15) and reliability of the scale was examined by test-retest analysis and internal consistency.
Results: Among 124 patients (48.6%) who met FA criteria, 2 patients (1.6%) received a mild, 12 (9.6%) a moderate, and 110 (88.7%) a severe FA diagnosis. FA was more prevalent and severe in females, unmarried individuals, unemployed patients, and those with higher Body Mass Index (BMI) or binge eating disorder/bulimia nervosa diagnoses. Reliability analysis showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.88). Content validity was 0.8 or higher in terms of convergent validity. Except for one criterion, a one-factor structure was confirmed for the P-YFAS 2.0 (above 0.42). FA prevalence was higher in participants with BED or bulimia nervosa, and FA severity was correlated with scores on measures of impulsivity, emotion regulation difficulties, eating behaviors and psychopathology.
Conclusion: These findings support the reliability and validity of the P-YFAS 2.0 in assessing FA as defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fifth (DSM-5). The high rate of FA identified highlights the need for targeted interventions in this clinical population.
Evaluation of the Correlation Between Electrocardiographic Abnormalities, Cardiac Iron Overload, and Magnetic Resonance T2* Values in Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major
Authors: Fazelifar Amir Farjam , Khoshfetrat Mehran , Parsaee Mozhgan , Saedi Sedigheh
Published: March 2024

Background: Beta thalassemia major (β-TM) is an inherited blood disorder. Affected patients require frequent blood transfusions, leading to iron deposition and end organ damage, particularly myocardial dysfunction. A 12-lead ECG is a readily available tool that could be used to screen for conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias as a marker of worsening myocardial function.
Methods: A total of 108 β-TM patients were evaluated for correlation between abnormal findings on the surface ECG and severity of myocardial iron deposition in magnetic resonance imaging as measured by T2* levels.
Results: Patients with T2* below 20 msec had significantly longer PR intervals, P wave durations, and QTc intervals. Patients with T2* below 10 msec had the longest QRS duration and QRS activation times. Atrial fibrillation was more prevalent in patients with lower T2* levels. With a decrease in T2*, the probability of notching of QRS in the limb and precordial leads increased.
Conclusion: Abnormal ECG is prevalent in β-TM patients, and the frequency of changes increases with the severity of iron overload. A 12-lead ECG is a valuable and readily available tool for the early assessment of myocardial damage and the implementation of a timely and appropriate management strategy.
Challenges of Using C-Arm Fluoroscopy Systems: A Mixed Method Study Investigating Orthopedic Surgeons’ Experience
Authors: Gharib Mobina , Mohammadi Shakiba , Mohammadi Mohammadreza , Maghbouli Nastaran , Nabian Mohammad Hossein
Published: March 2024

Background: Intraoperative fluoroscopy systems are widely used nowadays, where their use allows a shorter duration of procedure time and better anatomical localization. The current study aims to investigate the most common challenges of C-arm fluoroscopy systems application.
Methods: This mixed-method study was carried out in February and March 2022. After the literature review, a qualitative study was designed using semi-structured interviews to find important themes and subthemes required to design a web survey. The web survey was completed by the Persian Orthopedic Trauma Association (POTA) event’s international presenters. 
Results: Nine orthopedic surgeons participated in interviews and 27 participants filled out the questionnaires. Five main themes including Physical Aspect, Mechanical Aspect, Software Options, Image Quality, and Radiation Exposure were extracted. Generally, over 80% of the web survey participants agreed that the size and shape of the base of C-arm fluoroscopy systems, C-arm diameter (space between tube and detector), and maneuvering and positioning of the C-arm fluoroscopy systems can interfere with surgical procedures. 100% of the participants agreed that providing two different views (e.g., AP and lateral) from the surgical site with one shot can be beneficial. The effectiveness of real-time visualization of radiation exposure on exposure rate was acknowledged by more than 92% of the participants. 
Conclusion: Although the C-arm fluoroscopy systems are widely used in surgical procedures, there are considerable issues regarding the application of this imaging modality in the operation room, and medical equipment companies should pay more attention to these issues to facilitate the use of these systems.
Estimating the Burden of Severe Cases of COVID-19 in Iran (North Khorasan Province) since the Beginning of the Pandemic: 2019-2021
Authors: Gheshlaghi Leili Abedi , Chegeni Maryam , Soodejani Moslem Taheri , Mirzaei Hossein , Darabi Mehdi , Aboubakri Omid , Shoraka Hamid Reza
Published: March 2024

Background: The death and fear of the COVID-19 pandemic has been a major concern in all countries. Estimating the burden of the disease is one of the indicators that estimates the severity of the damage caused by the disease. This study was performed to estimate the burden of years of life lost due to COVID-19 infection and premature death in North Khorasan.Methods: In this study, all cases of definitive infection (PCR test positive) with COVID-19 from the beginning of the epidemic to April 2021 were included in the study. Disability-Adjusted Life -Years index (DALYs) was used to estimate the burden of the disease.Results: Since the beginning of the epidemic, 63697 definite cases of the disease have been identified (prevalence equal to 7%) and the total number of years of life lost due to disability and premature death was estimated at 24769 years. This number represents 28.7 years per 100,000 populations, which in women and men, this number was equal to 26.6 and 30.8, respectively.Conclusion: According to the results of the study, COVID-19 has caused significant loss of years of life, which due to age and concomitant diseases, deaths are more common in the elderly.
A Rare Cause of Tooth Failure of Eruption: Morphea with Intraoral Involvement
Authors: Nosratabadi Reyhaneh , Tahmasbi Soodeh
Published: March 2024

Background: In this study, the clinical and radiographic manifestations of a patient with linear morphea as well as her clinical features are reported with more emphasis on the oral effects of this connective tissue disease. This patient was referred to the orthodontic department due to the misalignment of her teeth and a diagnosis of linear scleroderma made three years earlier by her dermatologist. The most important intervention in such patients is to not start treatment without knowledge, since it will cause more harm to the patient. Therefore, it is necessary to find the best treatment plan with the fewest complications as soon as possible.
Result
Authors: Trivedi Nripesh
Published: March 2024

It is big question that how to judge result. What is the way to measure result. Which property of result should be taken into account to calibrate result. This paper defines a property of result to judge the accuracy of the result.
Sense explained
Authors: Trivedi Nripesh
Published: March 2024

It is often wondered what is the way of doing something. In simpler words, what is the sense of doing something. This paper explains that. It gives a simple but accurate definition of sense that we can use everywhere.
Pragmatic critical realism and Mixed methods in Inter-disciplinary Research—Management and Information systems
Authors: Imran Huma
Published: March 2024

Mixed methods research traditionally follows one paradigm based on established typologies. However, this study deviates from conventional research paradigms by combining two paradigms in one study. Specifically, it employs a critical realist method to analyze data, complemented by a pragmatist approach. This combination allows for the exploration of various phenomena in multidisciplinary research, such as cyber risk management, which intersects with management and information systems. By delving into the causal mechanisms underlying observed social and organizational phenomena, the pragmatic critical realism (PCR) approach, in conjunction with mixed methods research (MMR), offers a valuable framework for understanding the study's findings. Importantly, PCR has not been widely discussed or adopted in a multidisciplinary context for examining mixed data and advancing theory using MMR. This approach can be applied to multidisciplinary research in different contexts, enabling a deeper understanding of research participants' perspectives, the observable events resulting from those perspectives, and their causal relationships. The study systematically reviews the literature on pragmatism and critical realism in the field of management and information system; compares and combines these two research paradigms to identify common ground and explore their potential for developing a new framework to address interdisciplinary research questions. As a result, a new multiparadigm conceptual model has been established that integrates pragmatism and critical realism, making an original contribution to the field of mixed methods research. The study suggests that academics and researchers in management and information systems should broaden their use of methodologies and embrace interdisciplinary thinking in order to advance theoretical debates within their discipline.
Optimizing Residential Building Orientation for Sustainable Daylighting in the Tropics: A Case Study in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Fadeyi Ayomipo , John Iniobong , Uduma-Olugu Nnezi , Adebamowo Michael
Published: March 2024

Daylighting is an essential aspect of sustainable building design as it reduces reliance on artificial lighting, improves energy efficiency, and promotes a healthier indoor environment. However, in the tropics, where excessive solar heat gain and intense sunlight prevail, designing residential buildings that maximise daylight while minimising heat gain relies heavily on correctly obtaining the building orientation. This study explores the challenges faced in achieving optimal residential building orientation in the tropics and proposes guidelines and tools for operationalising residential building orientation in Lagos State. A mixed-method approach was employed by combining field observations, subjective surveys, and physical measurements. The orientations of the sampled residential buildings were identified using field observation procedures. A total of 1,168 residential buildings were sampled across 20 Local Government Areas of Lagos State. The findings reveal variations in residential building orientations across the North and South zones of Lagos State, with the majority having a northwest/southeast orientation. The implications of these orientations on energy efficiency, thermal comfort, and daylighting are discussed. Recommendations were provided for each orientation, suggesting strategies to address potential issues and optimise daylighting. This study underscores the importance of considering building orientation for sustainable design practices in Lagos, Nigeria. By implementing the suggested building orientation guidelines, architects can achieve and enhance the visual comfort and energy efficiency of residential building occupants in Lagos State.
Large-scale Production of Few-Layer Reduced Graphene Oxide by the Rapid Thermal Reduction of Graphene Oxide and Its Structural Characterization
Authors: Eksik Osman
Published: March 2024

Graphene, a carbon allotrope, is a two-dimensional honeycomb of carbon atoms. Although graphene is a thin material, it is the strongest material known on Earth thanks to the strong carbon bonds in its structure. It is stated that the strength of these carbon bonds in graphene is about 100 times stronger than steel. In this study, graphite was first converted into graphene oxide (GO) by the Improved Hummers method, which is one of the methods suitable for large-scale production. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was obtained from the synthesized GOs by thermal reduction. TGA, FTIR, XRD, XPS, Raman, BET, and SEM analyses were used to characterize GO produced using the improved Hummers method and RGO reduced by thermal methods. TGA measurements show that RGO produced using the thermal approach had a lower mass loss than graphite oxidized using the improved Hummers process. This shows that the GO sample prepared using the improved Hummers approach contains a considerable number of distinct oxygen-containing groups. The novelty of the modified Hummers' method lies in its enhanced efficiency in producing graphene oxide through reduced thermal reaction times and improved scalability compared to the original approach in the literature. The C:O ratio of the GO and RGO samples was determined by XPS to be 1.88 and 11.17, respectively. The ID/IG ratio obtained by Raman analysis was 0.973. In addition, RGO's BET surface area was discovered to be 543.6 m2 g-1. These findings demonstrated that graphite was successfully oxidized by an improved Hummers method, and the resulting GO was thermally converted to few-layer RGO.
Studies of Second-Language Writing in Canada
Authors: Cumming Alister
Published: March 2024

Canada’s social and educational policies have always involved immigrant settlement and English-French bilingualism. Research on writing in second languages emerged in the 1980s from graduate programs of education and applied linguistics at major universities in Toronto, Montreal, Ottawa, and Vancouver, particularly scholars investigating cognitive and learning processes and rhetorical characteristics of writing in English as a mother tongue. In the 1990s several Canadian scholars established systematic programs of research focused on L2 composing processes, writing for academic purposes, assessment, and innovative educational programs—     spawning, in turn, in the 2000s a third generation of L2 writing researchers who have now established themselves across Canada and around the world.
"Grandparents for the Next Generation"
Authors: Wright-Taylor Christin , Heng Hartse Joel
Published: March 2024

Paul Kei Matsuda (1999) has written about the divide between U.S. composition and applied linguistics, which he attributes to an institutionalization of the division of labour between Applied Linguistics and composition in the early 1960’s. As such, when language concerns resurfaced in composition in the early-2000s, this division of labour led to a “lack of a community of knowledgeable peers who [could] ensure intellectual accountability” among compositionists (Matsuda 2013).  Did this same divide occur in a Canadian context, or has the field of second language writing developed differently in Canada? The goal of this paper is to construct a history of L2 writing scholarship, reading for any collaboration with writing studies as both fields “grew up” together in Canada.  
To this end, the paper extends the work of Alister Cumming who narrates the evolution of L2 writing scholarship in Canada. Using data from Cumming’s “Studies of Second-Language Writing in Canada: Three Generations,” this paper reports findings from archival research that traces the publication history of key knowledge-workers (identified by Cumming) from the 80s to the 2000s. These findings tell a story about how L2 writing developed as a field in Canada and the ways it was influenced by fields like education and applied linguistics. Ultimately, these findings contribute to the broader narrative of how L2 writing has professionalized in Canadian higher education. By investigating the historic formation of L2 writing in Canada, scholars, writing instructors, and writing program administrators can draw on historic relations to create writing pedagogy that best meets the needs of an increasingly linguistically diverse writing classroom.
Multisemiotics, Race, and Academic Literacies
Authors: Dos Santos Pedro , Sohn Bong-gi
Published: March 2024

This study examines the trajectories of two multilingual, racialized academic writing faculty, presenting how we brought our Southern onto-epistemologies (e.g., Santos, 2016) to curriculum, teaching, and assessment. Although plurilingualism has become a significant dimension of Canadian higher education (Marshall, 2020), monolingual norms that emphasize native-like competence continue to be a mainstream discourse in many academic writing courses. Building on the recent raciolinguistic critique (Rosa & Flores, 2017) of the lack of discussion of racism in academic literacies discourse, we acknowledge that academic literacies continues to force plurilingual, international students into a white subject position. Acknowledging the tension between the monolingual ideal and multilingual realities, we explore how two plurilingual, non-white faculty challenge an academic writing tradition that is constructed by the white listening subject.  By co-creating duoethnographic narratives that provide insight into our complex biographical journeys as cycles of becoming (Thibault, 2020), our story shows how teaching academic writing is not simply teaching a skillset but involves constant negotiation between students’ and teachers’ lived experiences. Through this process, we conceive of teaching academic literacies as both an ideological construct and a multisemiotic process that involves multiple histories and meaning-making resources across diverse time and place scales.
The Cognitive Processes of ESL Writers Responding to an Integrated Argumentative Writing Task
Authors: Knouzi Ibtissem
Published: March 2024

Integrated writing tasks, whether used for teaching or assessment, are designed to engage and gauge the actions, skills, and strategies that students need to become efficient writers able to identify, extract and synthesize information from multiple source material in their writing appropriately. Consequently, it is critical to verify that such tasks do engage the cognitive processes and strategies that theory and research indicate are essential elements of successful source use in writing. This study used a mixed methods approach to describe the cognitive processes that ESL learners engage in when responding to an integrated writing task and examine how these cognitive processes vary depending on the students’ English language proficiency (ELP).  
Each of 51 undergraduate ESL students at two levels of ELP (high and low) completed an integrated writing task that involved listening to a lecture, reading a passage about a related topic, and writing an argumentative essay using ideas from both sources and then responded to a questionnaire about their cognitive processes. Additionally, another eight participants were video recorded while completing the writing task and provided stimulated recalls about their writing processes immediately after completing the task. The findings reveal the various cognitive and metacognitive processes and strategies that the participants engaged and the language and discourse aspects they attended to. Additionally, participants with higher ELP tended to interact with the sources and task and to engage in planning and organizing, generating and retrieving, and revising and editing more frequently than did participants with lower ELP. The findings and their implications for the teaching and assessment of source-based writing are discussed.
Teaching Elementary ESL Writing in Canada
Authors: Bhowmik Subrata , Kim Marcia
Published: March 2024

Writing is an important skill for children’s academic success (e.g., Fitts et al., 2016), underlining the need for effective ESL writing instruction in the elementary classroom (Brisk, 2012; Mohr, 2017; O’Hallaron, 2014). However, there is a paucity of research on elementary ESL writing instruction in Canada. Specifically, we have little understanding about the pedagogical practices in this context. To fill this gap, this paper reports on findings of a study that investigated: (a) factors that influence teacher preparedness, and (b) challenges teachers encounter in teaching ESL writing. Eight elementary teachers, each with at least three years of teaching experience, participated in the study. Data were collected from interviews and online surveys. Findings suggest that teacher preparedness was affected by four factors: (a) background knowledge of teaching ESL writing, (b) professional learning opportunities, (c) self-learning and experience as a teacher, and (d) collaboration, mentorship, and support for teachers. The challenges teachers encountered were grouped into five categories: (a) making sense of the writing curriculum, (b) finding relevant resources, (c) lack of time, (d) difficulty providing feedback, and (e) parental involvement at home. Drawing on these findings, the paper discusses implications and recommendations for ESL writing instruction in the elementary classroom.
From EAP to ESP
Authors: Yeung May , Mah Eaman
Published: March 2024

English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) are language training pathways for students to meet target language proficiency requirements towards further tertiary studies (Keefe & Shi, 2017; Walková & Bradford, 2022). Yet, these can be highly debatable terms, controversial over their appropriate usage (Flowerdew, 2016; Li, 2020; Maleki, 2008; Mpofu & Maphalala, 2021; Wette, 2018). A main reason for this discord is a lack of firm definitions between these two constructs, which leads to vague and blurred boundaries. This article will describe the process where a small western Canadian university modified an existing EAP course consisting of broad reading and writing topics into an ESP one with a narrow culturally and medically themed focus towards internationally educated nurses (IENs). These modifications assisted in the identification of the similarities and differences of both EAP and ESP for the institution. The new ESP course, piloted over two terms was found to have strengthened student outcomes in their non-native target language, commonly known as L2 (Saville-Toike, 2012) while their disciplinary knowledge contributions also enriched the curriculum. Rooted within the debate between determining appropriate language pathways, recommendations to determine the suitability of an EAP versus an ESP course within a “negotiated syllabus” utilizing learner input are offered (Breen & Littlejohn, 2000; Prior, 2020).
Coda: Institutionalizing L2 Writing
Authors: Matsuda Paul Kei
Published: March 2024

In this short coda to the special issue, Paul Kei Matsuda connects some of his previous work on the disciplinarity of second language writing to issues raised in this issue about the place of L2 writing in Canada and beyond.
Otologic Symptoms and Quality of Life in Individuals with Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Torul Damla , Ömezli Mehmet Melih , Yılmaz Muhammed Furkan
Published: March 2024

Objective: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) occurs as a result of alterations in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Otologic symptoms such as earache, hearing loss, and tinnitus may be observed in TMD patients and may impair quality of life (QOL). This paper aims to evaluate the frequency of otological symptoms, and their association with QOL in TMD patients.
Methods: The archival records of patients who applied to the Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of Ordu University with TMD complaints between December 2022 and August 2023 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic data, otological symptoms such as tinnitus, hearing loss, and earache, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores regarding QOL and masticatory efficacy were recorded.
Results: One hundred-four patients (83 females, 21 males), with a mean age of 35.75 ± 15.09 years were included. No significant differences were observed among patients with/without earache, tinnitus, and hearing loss in terms of QOL and masticatory efficiency scores (p > 0.05), except significant difference between patients with/without tinnitus in terms of QOL (p < 0.01). No significant differences were observed between genders in QOL and masticatory efficiency scores (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The frequency of otologic symptoms in TMD patients is high and tinnitus significantly impacts the QOL. For the optimum management of TMD patients with otological symptoms a multidisciplinary approach with dental clinicians and otolaryngologists should be performed.
Hematological and Inflammatory Parameters to Predict the Develop Surgical Site Infection After Cesarean Section
Authors: Karakaya Turan Kaan , Keskin Deha Denizhan
Published: March 2024

Objective: This study seeks to illustrate the efficacy of inflammatory hematological markers in patients who develop site infections following a cesarean section, while also establishing reference values for these parameters.
Methods: This retrospective, single-center study was conducted at Ordu University Training and Research Hospital from January 2016 to January 2023. A comparison was made between 42 cases where surgical site infection developed after cesarean section and 42 cases. The data for this study were obtained from hospital medical records, which encompass of demographic, general medical, obstetric, and neonatal information. Preoperative complete blood count (CBC) was included in the analysis.
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed among preoperative hematological and inflammation markers, including "PLT, WBC, NOT, PCT, MLR, DNLR, NLO, PLO, MPVPR, LP, RDWPR, NLRNPR, SII. ROC analysis revealed that optimal cutoff values were statistically significant for most laboratory parameters and blood count-derived ratios in patients with post-Cesarean wound infection. The largest AUC for SII was 0.861 with the cut-off value of 892.03 (sensivity %76 and specifity %76).
Conclusion: This article has revealed differences between hematological and inflammatory markers in patients developing complications at the incision site after cesarean section. To assess the risk of surgical site infection development and reduce morbidity and hospitalization durations, further research in this area is needed.
Empleo de titulares periodísticos de discurso ajeno sobre el caso Ayotzinapa
Authors: Reséndiz Ma. de Lourdes ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales
Published: March 2024

Se han incluido únicamente los titulares de discurso ajeno, es decir, aquellos que se elaboraron a partir de la declaración de alguien. Se han excluido todos los casos en los que no puede advertirse claramente el procesamiento del habla de fuente informativa alguna. Se han incluido únicamente los titulares de nota informativa o de géneros periodísticos híbridos basados en la nota informativa. Se han excluido los titulares de otros géneros textuales. Se han incluido únicamente titulares sobre el caso Ayotzinapa, es decir, sobre el espacio temático de ese proceso histórico, que inició durante la noche entre el 26 y el 27 de septiembre de 2014 en Iguala, Guerrero, con varios episodios de violencia en los que desaparecieron 43 estudiantes de la Escuela Normal Rural “Raúl Isidro Burgos” en el poblado de Ayotzinapa, Guerrero.
¿Cómo consultar el Corpus Ayotzinapa?
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Huerta José Luis , Ortega Valdez Melina ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales
Published: March 2024

Diríjase al menú principal de esta página y haga clic en “Búsqueda”. Ahí encontrará una tabla con los materiales recuperados, que se presentan en ocho columnas: Id, fecha, medio, titular, sección, página, modalidad de discurso ajeno y digitalización. En la parte superior de la tabla, puede seleccionar la cantidad de registros que se muestran: en grupos de diez en diez, de veinte en veinte, de cuarenta en cuarenta, de cincuenta en cincuenta, o puede verlos todos al mismo tiempo. La columna llamada “Id” contiene una clave de identificación para cada registro. La columna “titular” incluye una transcripción del título principal del texto periodístico. Las columnas “fecha”, “medio”, “sección” y “página” indican, respectivamente, la fecha, el periódico, la sección y la página donde se publicó el titular. La modalidad del discurso ajeno en que se formuló el titular se encuentra en “modalidad del discurso ajeno”. En la última columna, llamada “digitalización” se halla un pequeño icono azul sobre el que se puede hacer clic para abrir una nueva ventana con una digitalización del artículo informativo completo. Los registros que se muestran en la tabla varían según la búsqueda que se haga. Se pueden realizar dos tipos de búsqueda: por palabra o por filtro.
A Igreja, sacramento da misericórdia
Authors: Bernardes Matheus da Silva
Published: March 2024

Resumo: em 2015, mediante a Bula Misericordiae Vultus, Francisco convocou a Igreja para a celebração de o Jubileu Extraordinário da misericórdia. O bispo de Roma vindo “do fim do mundo” destacava, assim, mais um elemento central de Eclesiologia: além de uma Igreja em saída, ela é misericordiosa. Não se trata, contudo, de uma novidade de Francisco, a Igreja da misericórdia foi ressaltada por João XXIII na abertura do Concílio Vaticano II: “Nos nossos dias, a esposa de Cristo prefere usar mais o remédio da misericórdia que o da severidade” (1962). É possível pensar uma Igreja da misericórdia, mais ainda, uma Igreja que seja Sacramento da misericórdia? Mediante a apresentação de alguns resultados de sua pesquisa “A Igreja, Sacramento da misericórdia. Um diálogo com Jon Sobrino e Walter Kasper”, defendida como tese doutoral na Faculdade Jesuíta de Filosofia e Teologia (FAJE), em maio de 2022, o autor afirma que não só é possível pensar uma Igreja, Sacramento da misericórdia, mas tarefa urgente para a Teologia dados os desafios impostos pela contemporaneidade.

Palavras-chave: Eclesiologia; misericórdia; Jon Sobrino; Walter Kasper.
Espiritualidade litúrgico-sacramental: a vida espiritual alimentada na riqueza da liturgia
Authors: Quezini Renato , Paranhos Washington
Published: March 2024

Resumo: Neste ensaio, pretendemos discutir a situação atual da vida espiritual alimentada na riqueza da liturgia. A espiritualidade nasceu na liturgia, alimentada pela Palavra de Deus dos dois Testamentos. Não é uma espiritualidade cristã, mas é a espiritualidade cristã. A sua qualificação própria é a vida dos cristãos em permanente encontro com Jesus Cristo sob a ação do Espírito Santo. Num primeiro momento tercemos algumas observações preliminares sobre a espiritualidade litúrgica, depois avançamos com uma reflexão sobre o tema da interligação entre a liturgia e espiritualidade e finalmente no último ponto apresentamos quais são as características da espiritualidade derivada da liturgia.

Palavras-chave: Espiritualidade; liturgia; Palavra de Deus; fé;
O laicado e a Igreja pós-conciliar
Authors: Silva Patrícia Mara Rodrigues
Published: March 2024

Resumo: Neste ensaio, pretendemos discutir a situação atual do laicado em face da missão da Igreja. Em um primeiro momento, foi dada atenção ao uso da palavra “leigo” para, em seguida, apontar como o Concílio Vaticano II oferece a abertura para se pensar e realizar a integração e o diálogo entre o edifício da Igreja Católica e o mundo secular através dos seus membros. Esse passo, portanto, é essencial para se desenvolver, com mais segurança, o discurso sobre a unidade da Igreja, para, enfim, mostrar como ela pode contribuir para a unidade da família humana e sua busca comum pela justiça e realização.

Palavras-chave: ética; leigos; secularismo; Deus; Cristo; Espírito;
Da Sagrada Escritura às primeiras antropologias: o ser humano em Irineu e Orígenes
Authors: Santos José Célio dos
Published: March 2024

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é a) mostrar que a antropologia cristã na sua raiz bíblica e nas suas primeiras elaborações teológicas compreende o ser humano como uma totalidade corpo-alma, e b) ao mesmo tempo que ela fez frente às cosmovisões da cultura helênica e gnóstica, ela também se enriqueceu através do diálogo estabelecido com tais cosmovisões. Faremos uma pesquisa bibliográfica apresentando 1) as raízes bíblicas para uma compreensão do ser humano, destacando os conceitos nefesh e pneuma como suas dimensões constitutivas e 2) investigaremos como esta visão bíblica do ser humano se impõe como imperativo nas primeiras articulações teológicas e de escolas diferentes representadas por Irineu de Lyon e Orígenes.

Palavras-chave: Alma. Corpo. Espírito. Gnosticismo. Filosofia
Metaverso e Igreja: algumas implicações à prática cristã
Authors: Pedrosa Marlone
Published: March 2024

Resumo: O universo digital tem como uma de suas características marcantes o constante lançamento de novidades tecnológicas que prometem revolucionar aspectos da comunicação e da vida social. Neste sentido, surge o anúncio do metaverso, conceito do momento em termos de promessas de modernidade, apresentado como o futuro da internet. Este artigo objetiva, através da análise bibliográfica, apresentar o conceito de metaverso, mostrando em qual ponto ele se diferencia daquilo que já existe atualmente em termos de imersão na realidade digital. Procura também mostrar o quanto a pandemia da Covid-19 influenciou no surgimento desse tipo de tecnologia. Por fim, analisa algumas implicações do metaverso para a prática cristã, apresentando desafios e perspectivas advindas de sua futura implantação.

Palavras-chave: Metaverso, covid-19, Igreja.
O humano no aberto e sua responsabilidade por uma ecologia integral
Authors: Barros Leidson de Farias
Published: March 2024

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre o ser humano e o animal, evidenciando a capacidade do humano em habitar o aberto e sua responsabilidade em promover uma ecologia integral. A busca pela distinção entre o ser humano e o animal se tornou evidente nas últimas décadas. A partir das contribuições de Giorgio Agamben procura-se, em primeiro lugar, analisar o fator de diferenciação entre o humano e o animal, apresentando o humano como aquele que está no aberto e que tem a possibilidade de decisão. Em seguida, detectar, numa aproximação à Laudato Si’, a responsabilidade do ser humano na construção de um mundo em que tenha espaço uma ecologia integral. E, por fim, conclui-se afirmando que as capacidades do humano em perceber o aberto, construir o seu mundo e decidir pela sua própria história o tornam responsável por uma ecologia integral e pelo cuidado com a casa comum.

Palavras-chave: Humano e animal. Relação. Aberto. Responsabilidade. Ecologia integral.
Em busca da compreensão da tridimensionalidade da experiência humana
Authors: Corrêa Juliane
Published: March 2024

Resumo: Neste texto, apresento algumas inquietações e questionamentos sobre experiência e relação sujeito-objeto decorrentes da forma como interagimos com as coisas e nos apropriamos das atuais tecnologias de comunicação e informação no contexto educativo. Para isso, retomo estudos de Semetsky (2006, 2010) e Ellsworth (2005) sobre experiência e relação, enquanto lugar de aprendizagem, assim como, estudos de Buber (1974), Rosenzweig (1989) e Levinas (2011) sobre a dimensão ética, enquanto relação, proximidade e sensibilidade frente ao outro. Em seguida, busco, de forma ainda incipiente, ampliar a compreensão do fenômeno educativo, enquanto experiência, considerando a visão tridimensional e trinitária abordada por Panikkar (2016). E, por fim, reitero o desafio que consiste em reconhecermos a inter-independência entre Deus, Homem, Mundo e superarmos a separação entre o conhecimento e o amor.

Palavras-chave: Ética Contemporânea. Contexto Educativo. Visão Trinitária.
O paradigma do Bem como verdade apropriada de Deus
Authors: Navarro Rafael Lourenço
Published: March 2024

Resumo: O argumento deste texto é apresentado em quatro partes. Na primeira parte é apresentada a questão tradicional da verdade no modo da matriz kantiana da busca por um conhecimento seguro. Em seguida a segunda parte sustenta o Evento como elemento constitutivo da realidade em detrimento da noção tradicional de fato destacando o caráter valorativo do desvelamento do Ser. Na terceira parte é apresentada uma compreensão do paradigma do Bem a partir da filosofia de Platão lida harmoniosamente com o inferencialismo de Robert Brandom. O texto finaliza em sua quarta parte compreendendo o caráter adual do símbolo enquanto elemento constitutivo do interesse de Deus na Revelação.

Palavras-chave: revelação. Brandom. Platão. Heidegger. Panikkar.
A importância da religião na visão de Panikkar
Authors: Souza Hugo França de
Published: March 2024

Resumo: A religião faz parte da vida do ser humano. Ela é um caminho que dá sentido, orientação à vida. O presente artigo procura apresentar, a partir do pensamento de Raimon Panikkar, que Deus não é patrimônio exclusivo de uma única religião, nem denominador comum para todas as religiões. A manifestação de Deus na história é plural assim como as religiões o são. Panikkar mostra que toda religião oferece caminho de crescimento ao homem. Por isso, é necessário deixar de lado o preconceito contra as demais religiões. Panikkar ainda afirma que não há religião anônima. Cada uma delas tem um nome carregado de vitalidade. Desse modo, cada fiel deve conhecer e valorizar sua religião e estar aberto para manter sempre um diálogo respeitoso com as demais religiões.

Palavras-chave: Religião. Caminho. Valor. Pluralismo. Diálogo.