bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concentration measurement of injected gaseous fuel using quantitative schlieren and optical tomography
Authors: Iffa Emishaw D. , Aziz A. Rashid A. , Malik Aamir S.
Published: August 2010

In this paper, the quantitative schlieren method is extended to measure the concentration field of an injected gaseous fuel along several planes perpendicular to the jet axis. Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) is used as a quantitative flow field concentration measurement based on the deflection made by features in the background pattern. The flow field which is located between the camera and the background pattern changes the intensity value of the background points in the transfer medium. The optical flow algorithm, which is used to measure the deflection vectors in the background due to the change in index of refraction, is modified to consider the change in intensity of the background image due to the flow field. Optical tomography is used as a tool to extract the index of refraction of the gaseous field. Mole fraction values at different planes perpendicular to the jet axis are obtained and displayed.
Determination of the anisotropy complex refractive indices of chicken tissues in vitro at 650 nm
Authors: Sun Ping , Sun Hanxu
Published: August 2010

The anisotropy complex refractive index of tissue is an important parameter in understanding the behavior of light, including its transportation in and interaction with tissues. We used the specular reflection method to investigate the anisotropy complex refractive index of chicken tissue with fibrous structures in vitro at a wavelength of 650 nm. The measurement data were highly consistent with the Fresnel equations. The results showed that the real refractive index was higher along the orientation of the fibers than along the cross section, but the imaginary refractive index was nearly identical. Furthermore, the fiber orientation was in the direction of the optic axis of the chicken tissue and the chicken tissue section was similar to a negative uniaxial crystal wafer.
Alteration of optical and morphological properties of polycarbonate illuminated by visible/IR laser beams
Authors: Ehsani Hassan , Saghafi Saiedeh , Ghoranneviss Mahmoud , Hantezadeh Mohamadreza , Hosseini Homa , Dodt Hans-Ulrich
Published: August 2010

In this paper we investigate the effects of visible to near infrared (NIR) laser illumination on the optical transmission (OT) and morphological (MC) alterations of thin, curved surfaces of polycarbonate (PC). The second harmonic of Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) and two diode lasers (665 and 980 nm) were used as illuminating sources. The morphological changes of the PC surfaces are determined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), demonstrating the appreciable changes caused by shorter wavelengths (higher energy). When analyzing the OT spectra of PC thin films, a measurable decrease in the OT of the PC samples which were illuminated by 532, 665 and 980 nm, in particular 532 nm, for energy densities greater than 25 J/cm2 can be seen.
Toward the reflectance measurement of micro components
Authors: Piombini Hervé , Voarino Philippe , Breider Dominique , Lemarchand Fabien
Published: August 2010

Today, the controls by reflection of optical coatings are most of the time made with flat samples thanks to commercial spectrophotometers. However, components become smaller and more complex, curvature radius of lenses or mirrors are larger, so that measures are not so accurate and sometimes are not possible. Flat samples don’t represent anymore the real reflection ability of the component. So to perform this kind of measurements, special devices are needed. A new means developed by the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) is proposed to fill in this gap. This device has a accuracy of 0.06% on flat sample over the 400 nm to 950 nm wavelength range with a spot size of 100 µm. It can measure the reflectance of samples even if their shapes are spherical. We investigate stainless steel balls and optical micro components (mirrors and lens) thanks to the tiny size of the analyzing spot of our reflectometer. Herein we introduce our first results on small optical components and show the limiting factors of our device.
High resolution displacement detection by speckle pattern analysis : accuracy limits in linear displacement speckle metrology
Authors: Filter Robert , Scharf Toralf , Herzig Hans Peter
Published: August 2010

We propose a simple reflection measurement setup and a motion evaluation procedure based on a two dimensional recording of subsequent speckle images. The averaging of cross correlation functions is used to measure displacements. We demonstrate experimentally a 10 nm precision on a 50 µm measurement range limited by systematical errors. An image library is proposed to extend the measurement range. Limitations are given and documented improvements predicted an accuracy better than 5 nm over a range of 150 µm.
Elucidating Structure Property of Polyethylene/CNT Nanocomposite by in situ SFM Deformation Tests
Authors: Adhikari Rameshwor , Godehardt Reinhold , Lebek Werner , Michler Goerg H. , Potschke Petra
Published: August 2010

Deformation behavior of nanocomposites based on an ethylene/1-octene copolymerand multiwalled carbon nanotube (CNT) was investigated by means of an atomic forcemicroscope (AFM). Via a special tensile module integrated to an optical microscope, it waspossible to record the stress-strain diagrams of the composites using miniaturized tensilespecimens. By analyzing strain induced structural changes occurring at differentsuccessively applied loads, it was possible to correlate the deformation mechanismsoccurring on various length scales (i.e. at macroscopic, microscopic as well as nanoscopiclevels) to different degrees of deformation. It was noteworthy that, contrasting theproperties of other nanocomposites described so far in the literature, both the strength andtoughness of the composites were found to enhance. It was found that the deformation of thecomposite on nanoscopic scale was inhomogeneous owing to anisotropic properties of theCNTs and their alignments. After unloading the sample, the nanostructure of the originalmaterial was fully regenerated explaining the macroscopically observed elastomericproperties.Keywords: Ethylene/1-octene copolymer; CNT; Deformation mechanism; AFM; In situ deformation testsDOI: 10.3126/jncs.v26i0.3626Journal of Nepal Chemical SocietyVol. 26, 2010Page: 22-30
A Seasonally Robust Empirical Algorithm to Retrieve Suspended Sediment Concentrations in the Scheldt River
Authors: Knaeps Els , Sterckx Sindy , Raymaekers Dries
Published: August 2010

A seasonally robust algorithm for the retrieval of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) in the Scheldt River from hyperspectral images is presented. This algorithm can be applied without the need to simultaneously acquire samples (from vessels and pontoons). Especially in dynamic environments such as estuaries, this leads to a large reduction of costs, both in equipment and personnel. The algorithm was established empirically using in situ data of the water-leaving reflectance obtained over the tidal cycle during different seasons and different years. Different bands and band combinations were tested. Strong correlations were obtained for exponential relationships between band ratios and SPM concentration. The best performing relationships are validated using airborne hyperspectral data acquired in June 2005 and October 2007 at different moments in the tidal cycle. A band ratio algorithm (710 nm/596 nm) was successfully applied to a hyperspectral AHS image of the Scheldt River to obtain an SPM concentration map.
Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Vymazal Jan
Published: August 2010

The first experiments using wetland macrophytes for wastewater treatment were carried out in Germany in the early 1950s. Since then, the constructed wetlands have evolved into a reliable wastewater treatment technology for various types of wastewater. The classification of constructed wetlands is based on: the vegetation type (emergent, submerged, floating leaved, free-floating); hydrology (free water surface and subsurface flow); and subsurface flow wetlands can be further classified according to the flow direction (vertical or horizontal). In order to achieve better treatment performance, namely for nitrogen, various types of constructed wetlands could be combined into hybrid systems.
Conjugated polymers containing diketopyrrolopyrrole units in the main chain
Authors: Tieke Bernd , Rabindranath A Raman , Zhang Kai , Zhu Yu
Published: August 2010

Research activities in the field of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based polymers are reviewed. Synthetic pathways to monomers and polymers, and the characteristic properties of the polymers are described. Potential applications in the field of organic electronic materials such as light emitting diodes, organic solar cells and organic field effect transistors are discussed.
Biomechanical Comparison of Extensile Exposures in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wall Simon J. , Rose David M. , Khanuja Harpal S. , Sutter Edward G. , Knight Trevor A. , Belkoff Stephen M. , Mears Simon C.
Published: August 2010

The “banana peel” exposure is a novel technique for knee joint exposure that consists of partially peeling the patellar tendon off the tibia, leaving the extensor mechanism intact distally and laterally. Although good clinical results have been reported with this technique with no disruption of the extensor mechanism, concerns exist that it could cause extensor lag, quadriceps weakness, or patellar tendon rupture.

We compared the banana peel exposure repair to tibial tubercle osteotomy repair, which we chose as our benchmark procedure because much is known about its associated healing and rehabilitation protocols. In our study of 16 paired, fresh-frozen human knee specimens, the 2 techniques were used alternately for the right and left knees. To measure acute strength, 10 pairs were tested. The patella was clamped and pulled superiorly at 25 mm/min until failure. For cyclical testing (6 pairs), the knee was extended from 90° of flexion to 0° for 2000 cycles at 0.25 Hz while we monitored the distance between the inferior pole of the patella and the tibial diaphysis using a passive optical kinematic measuring system. Mean failure strengths of the banana peel and osteotomy groups were 2642±1104 N and 2123±562 N, respectively, suggesting that the banana peel repair is not weaker than the osteotomy repair. Neither group had a significant increase (via paired Student
t
test,
P
>.05) in the distance between the inferior pole of the patella and the tibial diaphysis, suggesting that neither exposure would result in extensor lag.
Weight and Body Mass Index Change After Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Stets Kelly , Koehler Steven M. , Bronson Wesley , Chen Morgan , Yang Kevin , Bronson Michael
Published: August 2010

Obesity has become a leading public health issue in the United States. The goal of this study was to examine whether patients experience a significant change in body mass index (BMI) or weight after total joint arthroplasty. Previous studies have not corrected for the natural, annual positive BMI change in North Americans aged 29 to 73 years. Our study takes this natural weight gain into consideration in examination of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) populations.

Our study population trended toward weight loss and BMI loss when weight was corrected for natural gain. Clinically significant weight loss, as determined by US Food and Drug Administration parameters, occurred in 19.9% of the study population when weight was corrected for natural gain. The TKA population exhibited a statistically significant (
P
<.05) weight loss and a clinically significant weight loss in 21.5% of the population. Patients with an initial BMI >30 exhibited a trend toward weight loss. This study was a level II retrospective study.
Acute Tibial Compartment Syndrome Following Spine Surgery
Authors: Ploumis Avraam , Casnellie Michael , Graber John N. , Dykes Daryll C.
Published: August 2010

This article presents a case of a patient with popliteal artery occlusion following anterior and posterior instrumented fusion of the lumbar spine. No previous study has reported acute anterior tibial compartment syndrome due to popliteal artery occlusion and restricted venous return following spine surgery.

A 53-year old female, with a twice failed fusion of L5-S1, underwent L3-S1 anterior interbody and posterior L3-S1 instrumented fusion. Due to postoperative continuous analgesia, the patient was sleepy and confused on postoperative day 1. On the postoperative day 2, the right calf and anterolateral tibia manifested clinical signs of compartment syndrome and both thighs exhibited pressure ecchymoses from the antiembolism stockings. Fasciotomies of the right tibial compartments were undertaken and necrosis of the anterior compartment muscles was found. Intraoperative arteriogram revealed occlusion of the right popliteal artery and thrombectomy was performed. Lupus anticoagulant was found to be responsible for patient's coagulopathy. During postoperative year 1, the patient still had weakness and recurrent edema of the right foot.

Unrecognized limb ischemia and possibly restricted venous return were the causes of the compartment syndrome. Surgeons should be aware of this devastating complication of spine surgery.
Unusual Combination of Posterior Femoral Head Dislocation With Anterior and Posterior Wall Fractures in the Ipsilateral Acetabulum
Authors: Chen Wei , Su Yanling , Zhang Yingze , Zhang Qi , Zheng Zhanle , Pan Jinshe
Published: August 2010

Although hip dislocation combined with acetabular fracture is not an uncommon injury, anterior acetabular wall fractures rarely occur in patients who have posterior fracture-dislocations of the hip. This article presents a unique case of anterior and posterior wall fractures of the ipsilateral acetabulum in a patient who sustained traumatic posterior hip dislocation that resulted from a high-speed motor vehicle accident. The initial imaging evaluation, which did not include the obturator oblique view, revealed no concomitant anterior acetabular wall fracture. Repeated manipulative reductions were unsuccessful in reducing the displaced hip joint. Pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans revealed the initially missed anterior acetabular wall fracture fragments incarcerated in the left hip joint in addition to the hip dislocation and the posterior acetabular wall fracture. The incarcerated bone fragments lay between the anterior wall and the femoral head, and between the posterior wall and the femoral head, which appeared to derive from both anterior and posterior acetabular walls, respectively. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed to manage the posterior dislocation and associated acetabular fractures. Intraoperatively, the major anterior wall fragment was used to reconstruct the defected posterior wall. This case highlights the necessity of suspicion and pre- and postoperative monitoring of the obturator oblique view and CT scans to detect the potentially existing anterior acetabular wall fracture. Early surgical intervention is important to guarantee satisfactory outcomes of such complex fracture-dislocation injuries.
Multi-Level Total En Bloc Spondylectomy for Solitary Lumbar Metastasis of Myxoid Liposarcoma
Authors: Kato Satoshi , Kawahara Norio , Murakami Hideki , Demura Satoru , Shirai Toshiharu , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki , Tomita Katsuro
Published: August 2010

This article reports a case of solitary lumbar metastasis of myxoid liposarcoma treated by multi-level total en bloc spondylectomy. Myxoid liposarcoma has a predisposition to initial metastasis at an extrapulmonary site including bone. However a bone scan and FDG-PET, which are generally used for a whole-body screening of metastasis, are not sensitive to bone metastasis from myxoid liposarcoma. These situations make it difficult to achieve curative resection of a bone metastasis, especially in the spine. The patient was a 54-year-old man who had an intralesional excision of soft tissue tumor in the right thigh. He had an additional expansive excision due to the histological diagnosis of myxoid liposarcoma at the initial surgery. Four years postoperatively, L3 metastasis expanding to the adjacent vertebrae was detected using magnetic resonance imaging. Plain radiographs and computed tomography showed no evidence of the tumor involving the lumbar spine. A bone scan was false-negative although FDGPET showed mild uptake. There was no other metastasis on the further examination. Multi-level total en bloc spondylectomy was performed using a combined posterior-anterior approach. The lumbar nerves were dissected and preserved. The vertebral bodies of L2, 3 and the upper half of L4, which had been invaded by the tumor, were removed en bloc using an anterolateral extraperitoneal approach. He had no local recurrence or further metastasis until he died of ischemic cardiac disease 14 months postoperatively.
First record of the Indo-Pacific fish the Jarbua terapon (Terapon jarbua) (Osteichthyes: Terapontidae) in the Mediterranean with remarks on the wide geographical distribution of this species
Authors: Golani Daniel , Appelbaum-Golani Brenda
Published: August 2010

The Indo-Pacific fish Terapon jarbua is recorded for the first time in the Mediterranean. This record is evidentially the result of T. jarbua entering the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal (Lessepsian migration). The present record increases the total number of known Lessepsian fish to 74. A comparison of Mediterranean and Red Sea specimens of T. jarbua with specimens from the Far East suggests the necessity for genetic studies in order to clarify the unity of this taxon.
Isotopic composition of particulate organic nitrogen and its relationship to nitrate assimilation in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Mercado Jesús M. , Ramírez Teodoro , Cortésand Dolores , Liger Esperanza
Published: August 2010

The shifts in the 15N:14N ratio of particulate organic nitrogen (PON) suspended in the upper layer of the ocean have normally been interpreted in terms of changes in the isotopic composition of the source nitrogen used by the phytoplankton (nitrate, ammonium and dinitrogen gas) and/or the fractionation associated with the assimilation processes (14N is preferentially taken up by phytoplankton). The objective of the present study was to test which process, isotopic fractionation during NO3- uptake or reduced N-form consumption by phytoplankton, was more important in explaining the variations in the 15N signature of PON in the surface layer of a geostrophic front area (northwest Alboran Sea, Mediterranean Sea). Samples of PON were collected at 6 different stations during 4 seasonal surveys. The particulate organic carbon (POC) and PON concentrations averaged over the mixed layer (ML) ranged from 142 and 23 μg L-1 in summer to 104 and 13 μg L-1 in autumn respectively. The C:N molar ratio of organic matter also varied seasonally from 7.2 in summer, winter and spring to 9.3 in autumn. The range of variation of the δ15N of PON in the ML was –0.1‰ to 6.5‰. The lowest values of δ15N (lower than 1‰) were obtained in summer and winter. However, the δ15N of PON in autumn and spring was higher than 3.5‰. Consequently, the particulate matter in the ML was enriched in 15N by about 1.5‰ in autumn and spring with respect to summer and winter. The δ15N of PON in the surface layer was negatively correlated with nitrate concentration (r = -0.62, n = 22, p = 0.002). The δ15N was also negatively correlated with the proportion of nitrate to total inorganic nitrogen (i.e. the sum of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between nitrate relative to nitrate plus ammonium
assimilation rates (rNO3–) and the δ15N (r = –0.71, n = 20; p < 0.001) for the surface samples. rNO3– was particularly low (lower than 0.2) for the surface samples collected during autumn, when primary productivity mainly depended on the consumption of ammonium coming from the recycling of organic matter. Therefore, δ15N of seston was a sensitive indicator of the transition from productivity based on nitrate to productivity based on regenerated ammonium.
Espacio habitacional/espacio gráfico: grabados al aire libre en el término de La Hinojosa (Cuenca)
Authors: Bueno Ramírez Primitiva , De Balbín Behrmann Rodrigo , Díaz-Andreu Margarita , Aldecoa Quintana Amparo
Published: August 2010

El trabajo que ahora presentamos se basa en el análisis de las grafías, su ubicación en el soporte y su relación con el entorno, en una zona concreta, el término de La Hinojosa, en Cuenca, lugar en el que tenemos bien documentadas ocupaciones calcolíticas y de la Edad del Bronce. Nuestra propuesta es la de comprender dichos grabados como una parte de las expresiones del Arte Esquemático peninsular, en este caso asociadas a un contexto habitacional y, a partir de ahí, aportar elementos para la comprensión de su "mensaje" desde una perspectiva más amplia que incluye otros contextos habitacionales para conjuntos de grabados al aire libre en la Península Ibérica.
Cambio tecnológico y contacto entre Atlántico y Mediterráneo: el depósito de "El Carambolo", Sevilla
Authors: Perea Alicia , Armbruster Barbara
Published: August 2010

Hemos empleado la teoría de los ámbitos tecnológicos para proponer una explicación de este depósito de oro. Comenzamos con el análisis tecnológico, basado en la observación topográfica de las huellas de trabajado y procesos de fabricación, para finalizar con un modelo sobre el cambio tecnológico y social que se produce a fines de la Edad del Bronce y principios del periodo orientalizante, cuando dos sociedades distintas conviven en el sur peninsular.
Arqueología de la infancia: una perspectiva etnoarqueológica
Authors: Politis Gustavo G.
Published: August 2010

La producción material de los niños no ha sido habitualmente considerada en el análisis del registro arqueológico de los cazadores-recolectores, a pesar de que los datos etnográficos muestran que los niños son generadores importantes de cultura material, especialmente en los campamentos residenciales. En este trabajo se resume la información obtenida entre el grupo indígena Nukak, de la Amazonia colombiana, respecto a la participación infantil en la producción de objetos. A partir de esto, y de información de otros grupos cazadores-recolectores, se derivan expectativas arqueológicas que se confrontan con los materiales de los sitios arqueológicos de la región Pampeana de Argentina. Se propone una metodología para la identificación de la actividad infantil en los contextos arqueológicos, como un primer paso para discutir la agencia de actores sociales diversos en las sociedades del pasado.
El asentamiento orientalizante e ibérico antiguo de "La Rábita", Guardamar del Segura (Alicante). Avance de las excavaciones 1996-1998
Authors: Azuar Rafael , Rouillard Pierre , Gailledrat Eric , Moret Pierre , Sala Selles Feliciana , Badie Alain
Published: August 2010

[es] Al sur de la desembocadura del río Segura, la excavación de La Rábita califal ha revelado la existencia, en el mismo lugar, de un establecimiento de época Orientalizante/Protoibérica e Ibérica Antigua. El hábitat, cuya historia empieza probablemente a finales del siglo VIII o en tomo al 700 a.C., en un momento que se puede fijar hacia el 600 a.C., fue rodeado de una potente muralla que incluye una superficie de 1,5 Ha. El asentamiento ha sido un lugar de intercambios intensos con el mundo orientalizante y fenicio-occidental.

[fr] L´établissement orientalisant et ibérique ancien de "La Rábita", Guardamar del Segura (Alicante, Espagne). Campagnes de fouilles, 1996-1998.
Au sud de l´embouchure du Segura, la fouille de La Rábita califale a révélé l´existence, au même emplacement, d'un établissement d'époque Orientalisante/Protoibérique et Ibérique Ancienne. L'habitat dont l'histoire commence probablement à la fin du VIIIe siècle ou aux environ de 700 avant J.-C.a été, à un moment que l´on peut situer autour de 600, entouré d'une puissante enceinte; il est alors vaste de 1,5 hectares. L'établissement a été un lieu d'échanges actifs avec le monde orientalisant et phénicien d'Occident.
Paléoenvironment durant le Pleistocene Supérieur en Vaucluse: analyse palynologique des couches inférieures de l´abri de la Combette (Bonnieux, Vaucluse, France)
Authors: López-Sáez José Antonio , Texier Pierre Jean , Thi Mai Bui
Published: August 2010

[es] Paleoambiente durante el Pleistoceno Superior en Vaucluse: análisis palinológico de los niveles inferiores del abrigo de la Combette (Bonnieux, Vaucluse, Francia).
El estudio palinológico del Abrigo de La Combette nos informa sobre la evolución seguida por la vegetación en el entorno del yacimiento durante el Pleistoceno Superior, Würm antiguo (inicio del estadio isotópico 3). Se ponen de manifiesto diversas fases climáticas caracterizadas, en general, por el dominio de Pinus sylvestris t. así como por la notable presencia de especies mediterráneas. Se constata el carácter de refugio de la zona estudiada.

[fr] L'étude palynologique de l'abri de La Combette nous informe sur l'évolution de la végétation autour du site pendant le Pléistocène supérieur, au Würm ancien (début du stade isotopique 3). Les différentes phases climatiques mises en évidence sont caractérisées par la dominance du pin sylvestre et la présence notable d'espèces méditerranéennes. On constate le caractère refuge du site.
Proyecto de excavación y restauración en dólmenes de Alcántara (Cáceres). Segunda campaña
Authors: Bueno Ramírez Primitiva , De Balbín Behrmann Rodrigo , Barroso Bermejo Rosa , Casado Mateos Ana Belén , Aldecoa Quintana M. Amparo
Published: August 2010

La continuación de los trabajos de excavación y consolidación en los dólmenes del término de Alcántara, permite matizar y enriquecer los datos de la primera campaña. El grupo de Alcántara se confirma como de alto interés. De resultar completamente inédito por lo que se refiere a sus materiales y a la presencia de grafías megalíticas, se dibuja ahora como especialmente rico, con ajuares bien conservados. La situación de los mismos, su calidad y variedad de materias primas nos permiten proponer una serie de cuestiones sobre ubicación de los depósitos funerarios y, desde luego, sobre la capacidad económica de unos grupos sociales que se suponían pobres, retardatarios y marginales.
Una propuesta metodológica para el estudio de la metalurgia prehistórica: el caso de Gorny en la región de Kargaly (Orenburg, Rusia)
Authors: Rovira Salvador
Published: August 2010

Los trabajos arqueológicos de campo en el sitio de Gorny (habitado durante los siglos XVII-XV AC) han proporcionado una importante colección de materiales relacionados con actividades metalúrgicas (minerales, escorias, restos de fundición y objetos metálicos). En su estudio analítico se han empleado diversas técnicas de laboratorio (microscopía electrónica de barrido, espectrometría por fluorescencia de rayos x, metalografía) cuyos resultados caracterizan una metalurgia de rasgos primitivos que parte de la fundición directa de minerales oxídicos de cobre. Los objetos de metal, fundidos en molde, eran terminados mediante trabajos de forja y aplicación, en ocasiones, de tratamientos térmicos.
Con la ayuda de experimentos de fundición in situ se ha reproducido el proceso prehistórico, permitiendo de ese modo establecer variables económicas tales como el rendimiento en cobre de las fundiciones y el consumo de combustible, a partir de las cuales se elaboran modelos teóricos estimativos de la producción metalúrgica y su impacto en el medio ambiente.
La metamorfosis de Villena. Comercio de oro, estaño y sal durante el Bronce Final I entre el Atlántico y el Mediterráneo (1625-1300 AC)
Authors: Mederos Martín Alfredo
Published: August 2010

Durante el Bronce Final I se produjo un claro proceso de concentración poblacional en las comarcas del Bajo Segura, Medio y Alto Vinalopó (Alicante), en poblados como Laderas del Castillo, El Portitxol y Cabezo Redondo. Próximo a este último, el "tesoro" de Villena, ca. 1575-1400 AC, es el conjunto de vajilla áurea más importante de Europa durante el Bronce Final, después de las tumbas de fosa de Micenas. Este "tesoro", que exigió para su acumulación el trabajo a tiempo completo de 130-150 personas durante, al menos, 1 año y 3 meses, procede de oro aluvial. También durante el Bronce Final I se incrementan en el Sureste los poblados costeros, el uso del bronce (Sn, 8-12 %) y la cría de caballos. La mayor parte de este oro y estaño debió obtenerse por comercio marítimo con el Noroeste Peninsular a cambio de sal, de la que Galicia es deficitaria como otras regiones atlánticas europeas. La sal procedería de la laguna de La Mata (Alicante), actualmente el mayor complejo salinero de Europa.
Las producciones líticas del final del Epipaleolítico e inicios del Neolítico en la vertiente mediterránea española. Propuesta metodológica
Authors: Domènech Faus Elisa María
Published: August 2010

[es] La producción lítica en las fases del Epipaleolítico final y del inicio del Neolítico en el Mediterráneo español está representada por una talla casi exclusiva de lascas, en algunos yacimientos, y de una talla laminar. Para la obtención de lascas se han empleado diferentes métodos: levallois, kombewa y sin predeterminación. En este artículo, se propone también una revisión del concepto "macrolítico" utilizado en los estudios tipológicos y tecnológicos. Los resultados de esta revisión demuestran la existencia de industrias con producciones líticas diferentes.

[fr] La production lithique au cours des phases de l´Epipaléolithique Final et le début du Néolithique en Espagne méditerranéenne. Une proposition méthodologique.
En Espagne méditerranéenne, au cours des phases de l 'Epipaléolithique final et le début du Néolithique, la production lithique se caractérise, dans certains gisements, par un débitage presqu'exclusif d'éclats, et dans d'autres sites par un débitage laminaire-lamellaire. Pour l'obtention de ces éclats différentes méthodes ont été employées: levallois, kombewa, sans prédétermination. Nous proposons ici une révision du concept "macrolithique " utilisé dans les études typologiques et technologiques. Les résultats de cette révision mettent en évidence la variabilité des modes de production des industries lithiques.
El poblamiento argárico de Las Herrerías (Cuevas de Almanzora, Almería) según la documentación inédita de L. Siret
Authors: Brandherm Dirk
Published: August 2010

En Las Herrerías L. Siret documentó durante el curso de labores de minería en las primeras décadas de nuestro siglo restos de tumbas y viviendas tanto del Calcolítico como de la Edad del Bronce. Sus escasas notas son hoy día los únicos testimonios de la ocupación prehistórica del lugar, privado en la actualidad de todo su anterior potencial arqueológico por la destrucción producida por las actividades industriales del siglo XIX y de la primera mitad del siglo XX. A partir de sus notas y de los pocos hallazgos rescatados por él, se puede reconstruir para la Edad del Bronce un poblamiento aparentemente importante pero sin un núcleo de características urbanas, estructurado más bien de manera abierta y dispersa. El modo aislado y poco sistemático como el propio Siret y varios autores posteriores fueron dando a conocer distintos datos sobre los conjuntos funerarios de Las Herrerías, así como la mezcla de materiales de dos de las tumbas durante los años cincuenta, cuando ya habían ingresados en el Museo Arqueológico Nacional, ha creado cierta confusión con respecto a los ajuares respectivos y su cronología relativa y absoluta. El presente artículo pretende ofrecer una sinopsis sistemática de los materiales conservados y de la información recogida en las notas de L. Siret, para corregir estos errores y llamar la atención sobre los asentamientos litorales de la cultura argárica en general, categoría de poblados muy amenazados por la acción tanto de la naturaleza como del hombre y generalmente infravalorados por la investigación.
La puesta en valor del arte rupestre del valle del Côa (Portugal)
Authors: Zilhão João
Published: August 2010

El arte rupestre del valle del Côa habría quedado completamente sumergido si se hubiera autorizado la continuación de la construcción de la gran presa de Foz Côa, iniciada en 1992. El proyecto de la presa fue interrumpido en 1995, estableciéndose en ese área un parque arqueológico de 200 km2, que está ahora legalmente protegido al más alto nivel como Monumento Nacional. El acceso público a sitios seleccionados está organizado mediante recorridos en vehículos cuatro por cuatro de grupos de ocho personas acompañados por guías preparados adecuadamente en arqueología y estudios de arte rupestre. Los Centros para los visitantes se establecieron en casas tradicionales restauradas situadas en pueblos en torno a la periferia del parque. Se va a crear un museo de arte y arqueología y servicios de investigación asociados en el emplazamiento de la presa ahora abandonada. La importancia universal del patrimonio cultural del valle y el carácter de hito de la decisión del gobierno portugués de preservarlo a pesar de la enorme pérdida financiera que supone han sido ampliamente alabadas. Como resultado, el arte rupestre prehistórico del Côa fue incluido en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial en diciembre de 1998.
Itinerario arqueológico de los dólmenes de Sedano (Burgos)
Authors: Delibes de Castro Germán
Published: August 2010

Tras la excavación en los años 80 de una serie de sepulcros megalíticos de la comarca de Sedano, en La Lora Burgalesa, la Junta de Castilla y León ha promovido la iniciativa de recuperar los más vistosos y de crear en torno a ellos un proyecto de difusión cultural. Ello ha exigido la restauración de tales monumentos y la creación de una infraestructura didáctica (la edición de una guía y la creación de un Aula en Sedano) que está previsto entren en funcionamiento a partir del verano del año 2000.
Contribución de la bioantropología a la reconstrucción de los procesos productivos prehistóricos. Exostosis en el canal auditivo en la población prehispánica de Gran Canaria
Authors: Velasco Vázquez Javier , Martín Rodríguez Ernesto , González Reimers Emilio , Arnay de la Rosa Matilde , Betancor Rodríguez Antonio
Published: August 2010

En el presente trabajo se pretende abordar el papel de los estudios bioantropológicos en la reconstrucción de los procesos productivos de las sociedades del pasado. Esta finalidad es perseguida a partir del examen y valoración de la prevalencia de exostosis óseas en el canal auditivo en la población prehistórica de Gran Canaria. Las exostosis auditivas constituyen una lesión ósea, bien documentada en trabajos experimentales y clínicos, estrechamente relacionada con la exposición del canal auditivo al agua fría. La estimación de esta anormalidad ósea en el conjunto poblacional analizado permite la definición de importantes variaciones territoriales en las estrategias económicas emprendidas por estos grupos humanos.
Los tubos de hueso de la Cova de L'Or (Beniarrés, Alicante). Instrumentos musicales en el Neolítico Antiguo de la Península Ibérica
Authors: Martí Oliver Bernat , Arias-Gago del Molino Antonio , Martínez Valle Rafael , Juan-Cabanilles Joaquim
Published: August 2010

[es] Como parte de la cultura material del Neolítico antiguo se presenta el conjunto de los tubos de hueso de la Cova de l´Or (Beniarrés, Alicante), en su mayor parte fabricados sobre ulnas de aves. El examen de las huellas de uso, los paralelos arqueológicos y etnográficos, y la reconstrucción experimental conducen a su identificación como instrumentos musicales del tipo flauta de Pan, o siringas monocálamas. Su presencia en distintos contextos y cronologías, incluyendo otros yacimientos del Neolítico peninsular, muestran la generalización de este instrumento musical. En la Cova de l´Or la representación de una danza en uno de sus vasos, realizada mediante impresiones cardiales, incide en la importancia de la música y del mundo religioso, tal como se desprende del arte rupestre Macroesquemático y de sus paralelos cerámicos.

[fr] Les tubes en os de la Cova de L´Or (Beniarrés, Alicante). Instruments de musique du Néolithique Ancien de la Péninsule Ibérique.
Sont présentés dans cet article les tubes en os provenant de la culture matérielle du Néolithique ancien de la Cova de l'Or (Beniarrés, Alicante), fabriqués pour la plupart sur des radius d'oiseaux. L´examen des stigmates d'utilisation, les parallèles archéologiques et ethnographiques, ainsi que la reconstitution expérimentale permettent de les assimiler à des instruments de musique du type flûtes de Pan, ou syrinx monocalames. Leur présence dans différents contextes et chronologies, en incluant ici d'autres gisements du Néolithique péninsulaire, sont des indices évidents de la généralisation de cet instrument musical. La représentation d'une danse par impressions cardiales sur l'un des vases de la Cova de l'Or trahit l'importance de la musique et du monde religieux, tel que cela transparaît dans l'art rupestre Macroschématique et dans la céramique.
Pintura rupestre esquemática: el panel, espacio social
Authors: Martínez García Julián
Published: August 2010

El panel, utilizado para soportar los símbolos de una determinada formación social, es obvio que se convierte en un espacio de representación de la misma. Se aprovecha para incorporar, ordenar o desordenar los elementos que circulan en un determinado sistema. La acción social queda así reflejada en un producto de carácter simbólico. Aunque, evidentemente, esta representación social no tiene carácter exclusivo en la pintura rupestre esquemática, en las siguientes páginas intentaremos analizar cómo la organización y la configuración de este espacio, panel, tiene que ver con la propia dinámica social, informándonos sobre los diversos estadios de su recorrido, en una secuencia que se ordena bajo las coordenadas de lo que hemos denominado "espacio-tiempo social".
Datación radiocarbónica de pinturas megalíticas del Noroeste peninsular
Authors: Carrera Ramírez Fernando , Fábregas Valcarce Ramón
Published: August 2010

En este trabajo damos a conocer cinco dataciones radiocarbónicas AMS obtenidas a partir de muestras de pintura de cuatro monumentos megalíticos gallegos. Los resultados obtenidos confirman la utilidad de este tipo de análisis a la hora de trazar la cronología de estas manifestaciones artísticas (en torno a la primera mitad del IV milenio AC) y plantean además nuevas cuestiones acerca de la simultaneidad entre la pintura y la construcción de las cámaras, así como la existencia de dos o más episodios pictóricos.
La secuencia cultural de las primeras sociedades productoras en Extremadura: una datación absoluta del yacimiento de Los Barruecos (Malpartida de Cáceres, Cáceres)
Authors: Cerrillo Cuenca Enrique , Prada Gallardo Alicia , González Cordero Antonio , Heras Mora Francisco Javier
Published: August 2010

Una nueva intervención arqueológica en el yacimiento de Los Barruecos nos ha proporcionado una interesante secuencia de ocupación que abarca desde el Neolítico hasta el Hierro IL Presentamos en este breve trabajo un avance al estudio de la ocupación más antigua, que nos sirve para encuadrar evidencias semejantes en un espacio del interior peninsular como Extremadura.
Los depósitos de armas en el Bronce Final: un nuevo hallazgo en Puertollano (Ciudad Real)
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Macarena , Rodríguez de la Esperanza Manterola María Jesús
Published: August 2010

El depósito de espadas de Puertollano (Ciudad Real) ofrece una nueva panorámica sobre las ocultaciones de objetos metálicos. Este depósito en tierra del Bronce Final III, probablemente contó con una señalización externa formada por dos afloramientos de cuarcita. Su situación, carácter exclusivamente armamentístico y coherencia interna hacen que proceda hablar de una ocultación ritual o votiva. Localizado en una zona hasta ahora con escasos hallazgos metálicos, sin embargo, es un área de intenso poblamiento anterior, en donde se conocen poblados, necrópolis y estelas funerarias con la misma cronología que el escondrijo.
The non-triviality of the Grope filtrations of the knot and link concordance groups
Authors: Horn Peter D.
Published: August 2010

We consider the Grope filtration of the classical knot concordance group that was introduced by Cochran, Orr and Teichner. Our main result is that each successive quotient in this filtration has infinite rank. We also establish the analogous result for the Grope filtration of the concordance group of string links consisting of more than one component.
ChemInform Abstract: P2Se5.
Authors: BLACHNIK R. , LOENNECKE P. , BOLDT K. , ENGELEN B.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Behavior of Lead Silicate as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Iron and Zinc.
Authors: ARMSTRONG R. D. , PEGGS L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effect of σ‐Phase Precipitation at 800 °C on the Corrosion Resistance in Sea‐Water of a High Alloyed Duplex Stainless Steel.
Authors: WILMS M. E. , GADGIL V. J. , KROUGMAN J. M. , IJSSELING F. P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: RbFe(HPO4)2: An Iron(III) Phosphate with an Intersecting Tunnel Structure.
Authors: LII K.‐H. , WU L.‐S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: FTIR Study of the Cl + C2H2 Reaction: Formation of cis‐ and trans‐CHCl= CH Radicals
Authors: ZHU T. , YARWOOD G. , CHEN J. , NIKI H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Studies of Musk Compounds. Part 10. 1,1,2,3,3‐Pentamethyl‐2,3, 4,5,6,7‐hexahydroinden‐4‐one.
Authors: DE RIDDER D. J. A. , FRAANJE J. , SCHENK H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Oxoimidazolidine‐4‐carboxylate as a Novel Chiral Auxiliary for Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: KUBOTA H. , KUBO A. , NUNAMI K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Preferences of the Dehydrochlorination of α‐ Chlorosulfoxides.
Authors: SCHWAN A. L. , ROCHE M. R. , GALLAGHER J. F. , FERGUSON G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxocarbons and Related Compounds. Part 21. Diels‐Alder Reactions of 3‐ Halogeno‐3‐cyclobutene‐1,2‐diones with 1,1′‐Bis‐1‐cycloalkenyls. Synthesis of Dicycloalkano‐Annulated Dihydrobenzocyclobutenediones and Benzocyclobutenediones.
Authors: SCHMIDT A. H. , KUENZ C. , MALMBAK M. , ZYLLA J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis of Stabilized Phosphorus Ylides. Part 1. Preparation of Aliphatic and Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: AITKEN R. A. , ATHERTON J. I.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Liquid‐Phase Autoxidation of Organic Compounds at Elevated Temperatures. Absolute Rate Constant for Intermolecular Hydrogen Abstraction in Hexadecane Autoxidation at 120‐190 °C
Authors: JENSEN R. K. , KORCEK S. , ZINBO M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoisomerization of 1,4‐Endoperoxides Derived from 1,2,3,4‐ Tetramethylanthracenes and 1,2,3,4‐Tetramethylnaphthalene.
Authors: RIGAUDY J. , LACHGAR M. , SAAD M. M. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Trimerization of Isothiocyanates Under High Pressure.
Authors: TAGUCHI Y. , YASUMOTO M. , TSUCHIYA T. , SHIBUYA I. , YONEMOTO K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Free Radical Reactions of N‐Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 13. Oxidation of Cyclic Hydrazo Compounds with 2,4,6‐Tri‐tert‐butyl‐phenoxy Radical and Reactions of Radical Combination Products.
Authors: SCHULZ M. , MESKE M. , KLUGE R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Catalytic Activity of Supported Metalloporphyrin Catalysts on Polyvinylpyridine Polymers and Related Molecular Modeling Studies (Case of a Proximal Ligand Provided by the Polymer Itself).
Authors: PATTOU D. , LABAT G. , DEFRANCE S. , SERIS J.‐L. , MEUNIER B.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.