bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between aneurysm hemodynamics and wall enhancement on 3D vessel wall MRI
Authors: Khan Muhammad Owais , Toro Arana Veronica , Rubbert Christian , Cornelius Jan F. , Fischer Igor , Bostelmann Richard , Mijderwijk Hendrik-Jan , Turowski Bernd , Steiger Hans-Jakob , May Rebecca , Petridis Athanasios K.
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) on 3D vessel wall MRI (VWMRI) has been suggested as an imaging biomarker for intracranial aneurysms (IAs) at higher risk of rupture. While computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies have been used to investigate the association between hemodynamic forces and rupture status of IAs, the role of hemodynamic forces in unruptured IAs with AWE is poorly understood. The authors investigated the role and implications of abnormal hemodynamics related to aneurysm pathophysiology in patients with AWE in unruptured IAs.

METHODS

Twenty-five patients who had undergone digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and VWMRI studies from September 2016 to September 2017 were included, resulting in 22 patients with 25 IAs, 9 with and 16 without AWE. High-resolution CFD models of hemodynamics were created from DSA images. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the association between AWE and conventional morphological and hemodynamic parameters. Normalized MRI signal intensity was quantified and quantitatively associated with wall shear stresses (WSSs) for the entire aneurysm sac, and in regions of low, intermediate, and high WSS.

RESULTS

The AWE group had lower WSS (p < 0.01) and sac-averaged velocity (p < 0.01) and larger aneurysm size (p < 0.001) and size ratio (p = 0.0251) than the non-AWE group. From multivariate analysis of both hemodynamic and morphological factors, only low WSS was found to be independently associated with AWE. Sac-averaged normalized MRI signal intensity correlated with WSS and was significantly different in regions of low WSS compared to regions of intermediate (p = 0.018) and high (p < 0.001) WSS.

CONCLUSIONS

The presence of AWE was associated with morphological and hemodynamic factors related to rupture risk. Low WSS was found to be an independent predictor of AWE. Our findings support the hypothesis that low WSS in IAs with AWE may indicate a growth and remodeling process that may predispose such aneurysms to rupture; however, a causality between the two cannot be established.
Contralesional homotopic functional plasticity in patients with temporal glioma
Authors: Liu Dongming , Chen Jiu , Hu Xinhua , Hu Guanjie , Liu Yong , Yang Kun , Xiao Chaoyong , Zou Yuanjie , Liu Hongyi
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the contralesional homotopic functional plasticity in the brain of patients with unilateral temporal glioma.

METHODS

Demographic, neurocognitive, and resting-state functional MRI data were collected from 17 patients with temporal glioma (10 in the right lobe and 7 in the left lobe), along with 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of the contralesional homotopic region and 2 control regions was examined. The region-of-interest–based analysis was used to determine the altered functional connectivity (FC) of the contralesional homotopic region, showing significantly different intrinsic regional brain activity between patients and controls. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to determine the association between the altered neural activity and behavioral characteristics.

RESULTS

Compared with controls, patients with right temporal glioma exhibited significantly increased ALFF in the contralesional homotopic hippocampus and parahippocampal region. In addition, the intrinsic regional activity in these regions was negatively correlated with the visuospatial score (r = −0.718, p = 0.045). Whole-brain FC analysis revealed significantly increased FC between the left hippocampus and parahippocampal regions and the left inferior temporal gyrus, and decreased FC between the left hippocampus and parahippocampal regions and the left inferior frontal gyrus. No significant changes were found in the 2 control regions.

CONCLUSIONS

Contralesional homotopic regions are instrumental in the process of neural plasticity and functional compensation observed in patients with unilateral temporal glioma. The observed findings might be used to help preoperative evaluation or rehabilitation of postsurgical patients.
Single- versus 2-session Gamma Knife surgery for symptomatic midsize brain metastases: a propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Yomo Shoji , Oda Kyota , Oguchi Kazuhiro
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE

Two-session Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) has recently been demonstrated to be an effective and less-invasive alternative for large brain metastases not treatable by microsurgical resection. This raises the clinical question of whether the 2-session GKS strategy further improves treatment outcomes for patients with symptomatic midsize brain metastases (2–10 cm3) as compared to single-session GKS. The present study aimed to compare the local therapeutic effects and toxicities of single-session and 2-session GKS for treating these lesions.

METHODS

Patients with focal neurological deficits attributable to midsize brain metastases who underwent upfront GKS during the period from 2010 to 2018 were retrospectively identified from an institutional database. Patients for whom both post-GKS imaging studies and neurological evaluations from outpatient visits were available were eligible. Using propensity score–matching (PSM) analysis, unique matched pairs which had a similar likelihood of receiving 2-session GKS were generated. The main outcome measure was a composite of imaging and/or neurological worsening of the lesion of interest. Functional improvement and overall survival (OS) were also compared between the 2 treatment arms.

RESULTS

In total, 219 cancer patients with 252 symptomatic midsize brain metastases were eligible. Of these 252 tumors, 176 and 76 were treated with single- and 2-session GKS, respectively. After PSM, 68 pairs of tumors were obtained. The Gray test showed that 2-session GKS achieved a longer local progression–free interval than single-session GKS (1-year local control rate: 84% vs 53%; HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.16–0.63, p = 0.001). Two-session GKS was also associated with greater functional improvement in KPS scores (mean 18.3 ± 14.6 vs 12.8 ± 14.1, p = 0.040). The median OS did not differ significantly between single- and 2-session GKS (15.6 vs 24.7 months; HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.44–1.10, p = 0.11).

CONCLUSIONS

Two-session GKS achieved more durable local tumor control and greater functional improvement than single-session GKS for patients with symptomatic midsize brain metastases, although there was no OS advantage.
Choice of Melioration Facies Regimes Using Catenary-facies Models of Watersheds of the Forest-steppe Zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Khazipova Aigul , Chafizov Ayrat , Komissarov Aleksander , Mustafin Radik , Zubairov Ruslan
Published: January 2020

Unfavourable environmental state of the reclaimed land requires to revise common methods of determining reclamation modes. Reclamation regimes should be chosen as part of complex facilities, depending on different physical, geographical and climatic conditions where the reclaimed land is located. This can be done by building catenary-facies models of watersheds. In our research we applied computer-based simulation methods of the functioning of the watershed facies catenas. The methods to be applied are based on the calculation of the moisture transfer processes by solving the differential equation of two-dimensional moisture movement in the soils and subsoils of the zones of aeration and complete saturation. The paper presents a catenary-facies model, its operation under natural conditions taking into account hydrotechnical ameliorations.

The model allows to make forecast calculations of water regimes and of the watersheds facies productivity. We have developed a method of justification of environmental reclamation regimes by simulation of watershed facies catenas. Watershed facies have been classified according to their hydrothermal coefficient and the humidity ratio within watersheds of the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan. There was revealed the integral dependence of relative crop capacity on soil washability of facies catenas. As a part of the study, there were found environmentally friendly meliorative regimes available for the conditions of the forest-steppe zone. The use of these regimes contributes to the minimum soil washability and the maximum crop capacity.
Design of magnetron co-sputtering configuration for preparing magnesium tin silicide-based thermoelectric alloy thin films
Authors: Pham Anh Tuan Thanh , Le Cuong Nhat , Hoang Dung Van , Nguyen Truong Huu , Vo Phuong Thanh Ngoc , Phan Thang Bach , Tran Vinh Cao
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Magnesium tin silicide (MgSiSn) is known as a good-thermoelectric-performance, safe and cost-efficient alloy material. The goal of this work is to design a magnetron co-sputtering configuration for depositing alloy thin films from three independent metal targets including magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si) and tin (Sn).
Methods: By this solution, the elemental composition of the MgSiSn thin films can be effectively controlled through changing sputtering power of the individual magnetron. The actual values of elemental composition in the as-deposited films were verified by using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The as-deposited thin films were investigated carefully by using the X-ray diffraction to recognize crystalline structure characteristics. Most importantly, typically thermoelectric parameters including Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and power factor were indicated as functions of temperature.
Results: The XRD analysis exhibits cubic anti-fluorite-type structure characteristic of the MgSiSn films; however, the presence of segregated Mg phase is still observed. The testing results for the representative MgSiSn thin film with good adherence show the power factor of PF ~15×10-3 W/mK2, as a result of Seebeck coefficient of S ~132 µV/K and electrical conductivity of σ ~9000 S/cm, at 373 K. At higher temperature than 473 K, the semiconducting behavior of the films tends to transform from p-type to n-type.
Conclusion: The three-target co-sputtering configuration shows the possibility of successfully preparing alloy MgSiSn thin films with good adherence on Si substrate. Furthermore, the testing result suggests that the as-deposited MgSiSn thin films have some potential thermoelectric characteristics, which can be improved more significantly.
Rancang Bangun dan Kinerja Mesin Pengupas Sabut Kelapa Muda
Authors: Adhiatma Arief , Hidayat Rahmad , Gusviandra Dedi , Rildiwan Rildiwan , Zulnadi Zulnadi , Amrizal Amrizal , Batubara Fanny Yuliana
Published: January 2020

Mesin pengupas sabut kelapa muda berfungsi untuk mempermudah dalam mengupas kelapa muda karena cukup efektif dibanding cara manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan uji kinerja mesin pengupas sabut kelapa muda. Hasil pengujian menunjukan kapasitas pengupasan mesin adalah 120 buah/jam. Analisa ekonomi mesin pengupas sabut kelapa muda didapat biaya tetap Rp 1.793.220 /tahun, biaya tidak tetap Rp 16.943/jam, biaya pokok Rp. 147/buah dan break event point (BEP) sebanyak 4.995 buah/tahun.
Alat Pembuat Pupuk Cair Otomatis dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Berbasis Mikrokontroller
Authors: Nurrohmanysah Ridho , Indriyani Anggia , Ekaliana Ekaliana , Telaumbanua Mareli
Published: January 2020

Potensi produksi kelapa sawit yang besar di provinsi Lampung memiliki dampak terhadap peningkatan produksi bahan sisa yang tidak terolah salah satunya adalah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). TKKS dikategorikan sebagai limbah padat organik yang mempuyai potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik. Namun dalam proses pembuatan pupuk organik ini mempunyai beberapa kendala salah satunya waktu penguraian (dekomposisi) tkks yang lambat  yang berdampak pada kebutuhan lahan untuk proses tersebut semakin luas dan biaya yang dikeluarkan juga semakin besar. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut yaitu dengan menggunakan teknologi yang terintegrasi dan sistem terpadu guna mempermudah dalam pembuatan pupuk selama proses dekomposisi.  Alat ini mengaduk bahan secara otomatis dan memiliki sensor suhu untuk memprediksi tinggi dan rendahnya suhu pada proses dekomposisi. Rancangan alat ini berhasil dirancang dan dilakukan pengujian menggunakan air di dalam wadah penampungan ( selama 5 hari ) sehingga menghasilkan kinerja alat pengaduk sebesar 68% dengan kecepatan respon  alat dalam mengaduk ialah ± 1 mS.  Persentase kinerja 99,8% untuk pompa pengaduk dan respon penyalaan kran otomatis  sebesar ± 1 mS.
Caso Muelle Flores vs. Perú
Authors: De Derechos Humanos Corte Interamericana
Published: January 2020

El 06 de marzo de 2019 la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos dicto Sentencia mediante la cual declaró la responsabilidad internacional del Estado de Perú por la violación a diversos derechos cometidas en perjuicio del señor Oscar Muelle Flores. En particular, encontró que distintas omisiones del Estado constituyeron un incumplimiento en el deber de garantizar el derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva y protección judicial, así como que, las autoridades judiciales no actuaron con el deber de celeridad que exigía la situación de vulnerabilidad en la que se encontraba la víctima, razón por la cual excedieron el plazo razonable. Adicionalmente la Corte determinó que la falta de materialización del derecho a la seguridad social por más de 27 años generó un grave perjuicio en la calidad de vida y la cobertura de salud del señor Muelle, una persona en situación de especial protección por ser persona mayor y en condición de discapacidad. Así mismo, el Tribunal advirtió que la falta de protección judicial afectó el derecho a la pensión que había ingresado al patrimonio de la víctima y por ende se declaró al Estado responsable de la violación del derecho a la propiedad privada. En particular, la Corte encontró que el Estado es responsable por el incumplimiento de las sentencias dictadas a favor del señor Muelle Flores, por la creación de obstáculos derivados de la privatización de la empresa de la cual se jubiló, por no revertir los efectos negativos de dicha privatización y por la ausencia de medidas para remediar dicha situación por un periodo prolongado de tiempo.
Caso Arrom Suhurt Y Otros Vs. Paraguay
Authors: De Derechos Humanos Corte Interamericana
Published: January 2020

El 13 de mayo de 2018 la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (en adelante “la Corte” o “este Tribunal”) dictó una Sentencia mediante la cual declaró que el Estado de Paraguay no es responsable por la violación de: (i) los artículos 3, 4, 5 y 7 de la Convención Americana en relación con el artículo I.a) de la Convención Interamericana sobre Desaparición Forzada de Personas y los artículos 1 y 6 de la Convención Interamericana para Prevenir y Sancionar la Tortura; (ii) la violación de los artículos y 25.1 de la Convención Americana en relación con el artículo 1.1 del mismo instrumento, el artículo I.b) de la Convención Interamericana sobre Desaparición Forzada de Personas y de los artículos 1, 6, y 8 de la Convención Interamericana para Prevenir y Sancionar la Tortura, y (iii) la violación del artículo 5 en relación con el artículo 1.1 de la Convención Americana. Al no haberse establecido la responsabilidad internacional del Estado, el Tribunal consideró que no procedía pronunciarse sobre reparaciones, costas y gastos.
Educación bilingüe en un contexto CLIL, una propuesta de intervención en Ecuador
Authors: Andrade Mendoza José Luis , Padilla Padilla Yajaira Natali , Padilla Padilla Nelly Margarita
Published: January 2020

El inglés como lengua extranjera y la educación bilingüe han estado sucediendo durante mucho tiempo en la historia de la humanidad, sin embargo, la llegada del siglo XX y el desarrollo de disciplinas científicas como la psicología, la sociología, la lingüística y la psicolingüística, entre muchos otros, proporcionaron un camino amplio. de desarrollo para el cambio y la innovación en el campo de la enseñanza de idiomas. Esta situación no se ha detenido, y hoy en día estamos disfrutando de los beneficios de esta evolución y los avances que han significado la información y la tecnología y las TIC. Los principales temas cubiertos por este documento son: ¿Cuáles son las principales características de CLIL aplicado en Ecuador? El análisis de la descripción del programa de bilingüismo basado en metodologías de la definición del modelo CLIL. Propuesta: Nuestra propuesta se centrará en la relevancia de una amplia capacitación de maestros bilingües. Los profesores en el momento más cercano desarrollarán sus habilidades y trabajarán de manera cooperativa con maestros de contenido y maestros de idiomas para integrar la educación para enfrentar la realidad de los países que no hablan inglés y preparar a los estudiantes ecuatorianos bilingües. Palabras clave: CLIL, aprendizaje cooperativo, educación bilingüe ecuatoriana, estudiantes bilingües.
Impacto de la brecha digital en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la escuela de Administración de Empresas de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo
Authors: Damián Tixi Deysi Lucía , Dávila Yánez Gabriela Paulina , Castillo Niama Mónica Paulina , Cazar Costales Segundo Salvador
Published: January 2020

El problema de la brecha digital y tecnológico, se enfoca en proceso, alcances y repercusiones que apenas empiezan a mostrarse en una sociedad cambiante, esta problemática inicia una nueva generación donde la brecha digital equivale a cualquier distribución desigual en el acceso, uso o impacto que las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) genera entre grupos sociales como los actores en la educación superior (academia, docentes y estudiantes), esto permite indicar que grupos considerables carecen de conocimiento y habilidades para la operación de la Internet como también del computador, y no se han percatado del grave problema que enfrentan. Por lo tanto, este análisis plantea realizar un estudio teórico y cualitativo sobre la evolución de la brecha digital en función de los cambios generacionales y de la tecnología considerando como objeto de estudio el entorno académico de la Escuela de Administración de Empresas de la ESPOCH en cual por medio de una investigación con alcance descriptivo marca la innegable rapidez de los avances tecnológicos y que esta ha llevado acontecimientos que la sociedad no se ha detenido a examinar. Sin embargo, bajo el contexto de la educación superior las visiones de actores como; la institución de educación superior, docente y alumnos, permitirá indicar que de alguna manera el impacto de la brecha por nuevos esquemas de socialización y comunicación.
Syntactic and aspectual functions of Latvian verbal prefixes in Livonian
Authors: Jantunen Santra
Published: January 2020

This paper presents an analysis of an assumed contact-induced change in the Livonian modes of expressing perfective aspect: the adoption of Latvian-origin verbal prefixes expressing perfective aspect. The main objective of this article is to determine whether long-standing contact between Livonian and Latvian has led to the introduction of verbal prefixes as both pure lexical elements and, in parallel, as markers of grammatical functions that distinguish Livonian from its closest cognate languages. The current study is based on the data derived from unpublished recordings and published written material representing spoken Livonian, already extinct as a first language in the traditional speech area.

There are a total of eleven Latvian-origin verbal prefixes in Livonian, a language which usually does not display this category. The prefixes are as follows: aiz-, ap-, at-, ie-, iz-, nuo-, pa-, pie-, pōr-, sa-, and uz-. In Latvian, most of these items can be used as bound verbal prefixes and also prepositions marking adverbial functions. In Livonian, these prefixes can be combined with both Livonian and Latvian verbs but, as a rule – except for pa- – they do not occur as prepositions. The frequency of their occurrence in the data varies considerably and, presumably, corresponds to the degree that a given prefix may derive perfective verbs. In fact, verbal prefixation can be considered, to some extent, a means for expressing perfective aspect in Livonian, thereby adding a secondary strategy to the inherent Finnic way of expressing aspectual oppositions, namely the object case alternation and verbal particles.
Mutual contacts and lexical relations among the Finnic varieties of western Ingria and northeastern Estonia
Authors: Björklöf Sofia
Published: January 2020

The aim of this article is 1) to describe the historical language contact situation between the genetically closely related Finnic varieties of western Ingria, 2) to give examples of the numerous loanwords originating from mutual contacts among local Finnic varieties as well as areal diffusion, and 3) to discuss the method of investigating contacts and borrowing among closely related varieties. The data are taken from old dialectal materials published in vocabularies and dictionaries as well as preserved in archives. The words that are analysed and discussed etymologically in more detail are drawn from Vote, Ingrian, and Estonian. Although it is often difficult to confirm the direction of borrowing among closely related varieties, I seek to determine the direction of diffusion in the varieties whose development cannot be described merely in terms of a traditional binary family tree model. Examples of mutual borrowing between Vote, Ingrian, Estonian, and Finnish are presented. Estonian loanwords in Vote and Ingrian can usually be recognised by their distribution. Most vocabulary originating as loans (in Vote, Ingrian, and Estonian) has been borrowed from Finnish. Loans in both Vote and Estonian often have a distribution not only in Ingrian but also in Finnish. Because of the phonetic similarity of these varieties, the donor variety usually cannot be defined. Vote loanwords occur only sporadically in Ingrian and Estonian: they may also form a substratum.

The speakers of Finnic varieties in western Ingria used to live in old rural communities with long-term multilingualism, villages with a mixed population, and vague language boundaries. The arrival of new inhabitants from the countries, which ruled this area and the foundation of St. Petersburg in 1703 changed the ethnographic balance between different peoples in Ingria. This increased linguistic diversity and altered the hierarchy of the languages leading gradually to accelerating language and identity shift of the local peoples of Ingria.
The Finnish of Rautalampi and Värmland
Authors: Söder Torbjörn
Published: January 2020

In this paper some of the features of the Finnish spoken in the former great-parish of Rautalampi and Värmland are discussed. These two Finnish varieties are, owing to their common historical background, closely affiliated, both being defined as Eastern Finnish Savo dialects. These varieties were isolated from each other for hundreds of years and the circumstances of the two speech communities are in many respects different. The language contact situation in Värmland involves Swedish varieties and Värmland Finnish but limited contact with other Finnish varieties. The contact situation in what once was the great-parish of Rautalampi involves mainly Finnish varieties, both dialects and Standard Finnish. Social and economic circumstances have also had an effect on the contact situations, especially since the 19th century when Finland was separated from Sweden and industrialization made its definite entrance into both areas. The differing language contact situations have in some respects yielded different results. This paper provides examples of the differences, which have occurred as an effect of the circumstances in Rautalampi and in Värmland. I provide examples from the phonological, morphological, lexical, and syntactic levels and discuss them in light of the language contact situation in these areas.
Venäjän kielen vaikutus tverinkarjalan murteiden äännejärjestelmään
Authors: Novak Irina
Published: January 2020

Tverinkarjala kuuluu varsinaiskarjalan eteläisiin murteisiin ja jakautuu kolmeen alamurteeseen: Tolmatšun, Vesjegonskin ja Djoržan jo sammuneeseen alamurteeseen. Tverinkarjalaiset ovat asuneet jo neljä vuosisataa venäläisten keskuudessa ja puhuneet venäjää pitkään. Venäjän kieli on vaikuttanut huomattavasti tverinkarjalan äännejärjestelmään sen kehityksen eri vaiheissa. Tästä johtuvat muutamat alamurteita toisistaan erottavat piirteet. Venäjän vaikutusta tverinkarjalan äännejärjestelmään on sekä vokaali- että konsonanttijärjestelmässä. 1) vokaalijärjestelmässä: pitkien uu-, yy-vokaalien ja u-, y-loppuisten diftongien jälkikomponenttien redusoituminen; sekundaaristen pitkien vokaalien esiintyminen; väljenevien diftongien fonemaattiset erot; Djoržan alamurteessa loppu- ja sisäheitto; 2) konsonanttijärjestelmässä: f- ja c-konsonanttifoneemien esiintyminen; sibilanttien distribuutio; geminaattojen kk, tt, pp, čč reduktio l-, r-, n-konsonanttien jäljessä; runsas liudentuminen ja kvalitatiivisen astevaihtelun epäproduktiivisuus.
Rajakarjalaismurteiden refleksiiviverbeistä
Authors: Koivisto Vesa
Published: January 2020

Artikkeli käsittelee rajakarjalaismurteiden refleksiiviverbejä. Rajakarjalaismurteet ovat karjalan kielen suomenvaikutteinen alamurteisto. Artikkelin aineistona on n. 120 nauhatunnin laajuinen tekstimuotoinen Raja-Karjalan korpus. Käsiteltäviä refleksiiviverbien tyyppejä ovat refleksiivijohdokset sekä refleksiivitaivutus. Molempia tavataan niin karjalassa kuin suomessakin (refleksiivitaivutusta tosin vain suomen itämurteissa). Rajakarjalaismurteiden refleksiivitaivutus osoittautuu samankaltaiseksi kuin karjalan saarekemurteissa (ns. tytärkarjalaisissa murteissa) Sisä-Venäjällä, joskin se on paradigmaltaan vajaampi ja esiintymiseltään harvempi. Rajakarjalaismurteiden refleksiivijohdoksissa puolestaan tavataan joitakin karjalalle vanhastaan tuntemattomia morfologisia tyyppejä, jotka ovat selvää suomen kielen vaikutusta. Artikkelin aineistossa näkyy lisäksi rajakarjalaismurteille ominainen karjalan kahden päämurteen, varsinaiskarjalan ja livvinkarjalan, sekoittuneisuus.
A new resource for Finnic languages
Authors: Rozhanskiy Fedor , Markus Elena
Published: January 2020

The report introduces a new digital resource on minor Finnic languages. This resource is the main outcome of the project “Documentation of Ingrian: collecting and analyzing fieldwork data and digitizing legacy materials” carried out by Fedor Rozhanskiy and Elena Markus at the University of Tartu in 2011–2013. The collected materials cover several minor Finnic languages with a special focus on varieties spoken in Western Ingria: the Soikkola, Lower Luga, and Heva dialects of Ingrian, the Lower Luga varieties of Votic, and Ingrian Finnish. The resource contains (a) legacy recordings of different genres made by previous researchers in 1968–2012; (b) new audio and video materials recorded mostly in 2011–2013 by the project participants; (c) transcriptions and translations into Russian and English synchronized with sound and video using the ELAN software. Altogether the resource presents 510 hours of audio recordings, 21 hours of video recordings, and 15 hours of ELAN annotations. All media files in the resource are provided with detailed metadata specifying the place and time of the recording, sociolinguistic data about the speaker, the contents of the recording, and the access rights. The resource is available on the websites of the Endangered Languages Archive (London, UK) and the Archive of Estonian Dialects and Kindred Languages of the University of Tartu (Estonia).
Expeditions among the Lutsi Estonians and the design of Language Learning Materials
Authors: Balodis Uldis
Published: January 2020

The Lutsi Estonians (Lutsis) are a historically South Estonian-speaking minority that has inhabited a network of more than 50 villages in the historical rural parishes of Pilda, Nirza, Brigi, and Mērdzene surrounding the city of Ludza, in the Latgale region of eastern Latvia, for at least three to four centuries. Between 2013 and 2016, I received funding from the Kone Foundation to document the present state of the Lutsis and to write a Lutsi language primer for Latvian speakers. The first part of this paper gives an overview of previous work on Lutsi followed by a description of the present state of the population of Lutsi descendants as I found it during the period of my Kone-funded research. The second part of this paper describes the Lutsi language primer, beginner’s grammar reference, and dictionary, which were the other main products of this research and discusses plans for their future use. The first extensive documentation of the Lutsis, their culture, and language was undertaken by researcher Oskar Kallas in 1893. Relatively substantial subsequent documentation of Lutsi was carried out over subsequent decades as the Lutsi population continued to be assimilated primarily into the Latvian speakers of their home region. The last fluent speaker died in 2006 and the last known passive partial speaker died in 2014. Presently, some fragmentary knowledge of Lutsi survives among descendants; however, the Lutsi Estonians today have shifted entirely to using Latvian, and less frequently also Russian, as their primary language.
ANALISIS MUATAN MATERI SENAM PADA BAHAN AJAR PJOK SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI DI KOTA BENGKULU.
Authors: Akmal Agustanul , Sugihartono Tono , Ilahi Bogy Restu
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPembelajarannya dirancang berbasis aktivitas terkait dengan sejumlah jenis gerak jasmani/olahraga dan usaha-usaha menjaga kesehatan yang sesuai untuk peserta didik. Aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut dirancang untuk membuat peserta didik terbiasa melakukan gerak jasmani dan berolahraga dengan senang hati karena merasa perlu melakukannya dan sadar akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan jasmani baik melalui gerak jasmani dan olahraga maupun dengan memperhatikan faktor-faktor kesehatan yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kepustakaan (Library research) dan studi dokumentasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui muatan materi senam pada bahan ajar pjok di Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kota Bengkulu.Kata Kunci : Muatan Materi, Bahan Ajar, Senam. AbstractThe learning is designed to be based Activities related to A number of types Physical motion or sport And efforts Maintain appropriate health For learners The activities are designed Make learners Accustomed to move Body and sports with pleasure Because feel Need to do it and Aware of the importance Maintaining physical health Either through motion Body and sports As well as with regard Health factors Which influenced him. This study is Research literature study library research And documentation studies. The type of research that is Used is qualitative. The aim of this study To know availability Gymnastics learning materials In Primary School Country in Bengkulu City. Keywords: Content, Materials, Gymnastics.
ANALISIS SMA NEGERI BERPRESTASI DIBIDANG EKSTRAKURIKULER FUTSAL KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Siregar Faisal Mandala , Yarmani Yarmani , Ilahi Bogy Restu
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prestasi ekstrakurikuler futsal. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah 9 Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri di Kota Bengkulu. Instrumen dari penelitian ini yaitu Observasi, Kuesioner, dan Dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukuan persentase perkembangan ekstrakurikuler futsal ditingkat SMA Negeri kota Bengkulu berkembang 5 sekolah 55,55%, belum berkembang 4 sekolah 44,44%. Setelah mendapatkan persenan data maka dapat perbandingan perkembangan ekstrakurikuler futsal ditingkat SMA N kota Bengkulu  5:4, adalah berkembang. Berdasarkan perolehan data perkembangan estrakurikuler futsal ditingkat SMA Negeri Kota Bengkulu harus memperhatikan indikator yang baik seperti pelatih berkompeten, manajemen yang baik, fasilitas, metode latihan dan prestasi. Maka  hasil data diperoleh dari sembilan sekolah ada 5 sekolah yang memiliki indikator yang baik. Sedangkan 4 sekolah dinyatakan belum ada perkembangan terlihat dari indikator yang belum memenuhi proses menunjangnya perkembangan ekstrakurikuler futsal.Kata kunci : SMA, Negeri, Berprestasi. Abstract This study aims to determine the futsal extracurricular achievement. The method used is descriptive research method. Research subjects are 9 State Senior High Schools in Bengkulu City. Instruments of this research are Observation, Questionnaire, and Documentation. The result of research shows that the percentage of extracurricular futsal development at the level of Upper Secondary School of State of Bengkulu grew by 5 schools 55.55%, not yet developing 4 schools 44.44%. After getting the data percentage then can comparison of extracurricular futsal development at Bengkulu 5: 4 High School level, is growing. Based on data acquisition of futsal estrakurikuler developments at State Senior High School of Bengkulu City should pay attention to good indicators such as competent trainers, good management, facilities, training methods and achievements. So the results of data obtained from nine schools there are 5 schools that have good indicators. While 4 schools stated there has been no visible development of indicators that have not fulfilled the process of supporting the development of extracurricular futsal.Keywords: Development, Extracurricular, Futsal.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEBUGARAN JASMANI SISWA PENDIDIKAN PONDOK PESANTREN DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Al-Jamil Abu Hasan , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Sugihartono Tono
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kebugaran jasmani siswa pendidikan pondok pesantren di Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian desktiptif kualitatif. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini terdapat 10 populasi pondok pesantren di Kota Bengkulu, Lalu di ambil 5 sebagai sampel yaitu:Pondok Pesantren Al Mubaarak, Pondok Pesantren Harsalakum, Pondok Pesantren Pancasila, Pondok Pesantren Darussalam dan Pondok Pesantren Hidayatullah dengan jumlah subjek 128 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data yaitu teknik tabulasi frekuensi. Hasil Penelitian membuktikan bahwa pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani mempengaruhi kondisi kebugaran jasmani. Berdasarkan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi kebugaran jasmani siswa Pondok pesantren dengan hasil tes lari 2400 Meter dalam bentuk presentase sebagai berikut:Siswa dengan kebugaran jasmani baik sekali 0%, siswa dengan kebugaran jasmani baik 23 orang atau 17,96%, siswa dengan kebugaran jasmani sedang 73 orang atau 57,03%, siswa dengan kebugaran jasmani yang kurang 28 orang atau 21,87% dan Siswa dengan Kebugaran jasmani yang sangat kurang yaitu 4 orang atau 03,14%. Jadi berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa kondisi kebugaran jasmani berdasarkan jenis kelamin siswa Pendidikan Pondok Pesantren di Kota Bengkulu yaitu untuk kelompok laki-laki 11,27 menit yaitu sedang, untuk kelompok perempuan waktu rata-rata 15,02 yaitu Sedang.Kata kunci : Kebugaran, Siswa-Siswi Pondok Pesantren, Kota Bengkulu Abstract This study aims to determine the condition of physical fitness of students educational boarding school in the city of Bengkulu. This study uses descriptive qualitative research. In doing this research there are 10 populations boarding school in the city of Bengkulu, Then grab sample 5 as follows: Al Mubaarak Boarding Schools, Harsalakum Boarding Schools, Pancasila Boarding Schools, Darussalam Boarding Schools and Hidayatullah Boarding Schools by the number of subjects 128 students. This study uses data analysis techniques, namely frequency tabulation technique. Research proves that learning physical education influence the condition of physical fitness. Based on data analysis can be concluded that the condition of physical fitness of students PondokPesantren with the results of a test run 2400 meters in the form of a percentage as follows: Students with good physical fitness once 0%, students with good physical fitness 23 people or 17.96%, students with physical fitness were 73 people or 57.03%, students with less physical fitness 28 people or 21.87% and students with physical Fitness very less that 4 people or 03.14%. So based on the findings that the conditions of physical fitness by sex Boarding Schools Education students in the city of Bengkulu, namely for the group of men 11.27 minutes which was, for women the average time of 15.02 is Medium.Keywords: Fitness, Students Boarding School, City of Bengkulu
IMPLEMENTATION OF STUDENTS 'EDUCATION AND SPORTS EXERCISE (PPLP) IN SUPPORTING BENGKULU SPORTS PRETATION
Authors: Putra Aydil , Yarmani Yarmani , Arwin Arwin , Defliyanto Defliyanto
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan implementasi PPLP dalam menunjang prestasi olahraga di Provinsi Bengkulu. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah implementasi PPLP dalam menunjang prestasi olahraga di Provinsi Bengkulu. Sumber data penelitian ini meliputi pelatih, atlet, pembina PPLP, serta dokumen-dokumen. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah PPLP Provinsi Bengkulu, sampel yang diteliti cabang olahraga Gulat, Tinju, Atletik, Karate, Angkat Besi dan DISPORA Provinsi Bengkulu. Dari data yang diperoleh maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa, 1) pembuatan program latihan dan perekrutan atlet sudah berjalan dengan baik, tetapi tidak didukung dengan sarana dan pra sarana yang memadai, 2) PPLP memiliki pelatih yang professional, meningkatnya prestasi olahraga dibeberapa cabor dan berkurangnya jumlah atlet dan cabang olahraga tertentu karena terdegradasi. 3) pelaksanaan proses latihan dilakukan setiap hari dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan para atlet. 4) sumber pendanaan di PPLP Provinsi Bengkulu semua nya berasal dari APBN.Kata kunci: Implementasi PPLP, menunjang.
PERBEDAAN HASIL LATIHAN SENAM POCO-POCO OLAHRAGA MENGGUNAKAN METODE KONVENSIONAL DAN INSTRUKSIONAL SISWA LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DI SDN 75 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Canggih Hidayah Mustika , Sugihartono Tono , Defliyanto Defliyanto
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Perbedaan hasil Latihan penguasaan Senam Poco-Poco Olahraga Menggunakan Metode Konvensional dan Instruksional Siswa Laki-Laki Dan Perempuan Di SDN 75 Kota Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Sampel berjumlah 40 orang, dengan desain yang digunakan adalah two group Pre test-post test design. Instrumen penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Perbedaan Hasil Latihan Senam Poco-Poco Olahraga menggunakan metode konvensional dan instruksional siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA. Hasil peneliti ini diperoleh f-hitung 38.70 lebih besar dari  f-tabel 2.86, artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari Hasil Latihan Senam Poco-Poco Olahraga Menggunakan Metode Konvensional dan Instruksional Siswa Laki-Laki Dan Perempuan Di SDN 75 Kota Bengkulu. Artinya dari kedua kelompok metode konvensional dan intruksional, metode intruksional adalah metode yang lebih baik. Pada kelompok metode konvensional dan intruksional siswa perempuan lebih baik dari pada siswa laki-laki. Siswa laki-laki metode intruksional lebih baik dari pada siswa laki-laki metode konvensional.Kata Kunci : Konvensional, Intruksional, Senam Poco-Poco OlahragaAbstractThis study aims to determine the difference results of exercise Poco-Poco Gymnastics Using Conventional Methods and Instructional Students Boys And Girls In SDN 75 Bengkulu City. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The sample is 40 people, with the design used is two group Pre test-post test design. The instrument of this research is to know the difference of Poco-Poco Gymnastic Exercise Result using conventional and instructional method of boys and girls students. Data analysis technique used ANOVA test. The result of this research is obtained f-count 38.70 bigger than f-table 2.86, meaning there is significant difference from Poco-Poco Sport Gymnastic Exercise Using Conventional and Instructional Method of Boys and Girls Students at SDN 75 Kota Bengkulu. This means that from both groups of conventional and intruksional methods, the intruksional method is the better method. In the group of conventional and instructional methods Girls students are better than Boys students. Students Boys methods are better than conventional Boys students.Keywords: Conventional, Instructive, Poco-Poco Gymnastics Sports
Penerapan Media Dinding dalam Meningkatkan Service Forehand Backhand pada Pembelajaran Tenis Meja
Authors: Yarmani Yarmani , Sugihartono Tono , Defliyanto Defliyanto
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK            Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan proses belajar mengajar tenis meja pada servis forehand dan backhand melalui media dinding pada mahasiswa penjas. Penelitian dilakukan pada jam belajar mata kuliah pilihan semester tiga mahasiswa penjas. Metode  penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), penelitian ini secara obyektif atau apa adanya dengan subyek mahasiswa penjas mata kuliah pilihan tenis meja berjumlah 30 orang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu : (1) pendahuluan, (2) Inti (3) Penutup . Jenis data  yang dikumpulkan proses belajar – mengajar berlangsung. Adapun hasil pengamatan terhadap mahasiswa dalam proses belajar mengajar pada servis forehand dan backhand melalui media dinding permainan tenis meja pada siklus I adalah sebesar 55% dari keseluruhan pengamatan terhadap proses belajar mengajar. Pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 85%. Sedangkan hasil pengamatan  terhadap dosen pada siklus I sebesar 65% dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 90%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya peningkatan yang sangat berarti dalam penerapan pembelajaran servis forehand dan backhand melalui media dinding pada mahasiswa penjas.Kata Kunci : Penerapan Media Dinding, Service Forehand Backhand, Tenis Meja. AbstractThis study aims to determine the improvement in the learning process of table tennis on forehand and backhand service through the wall media for Physical Education students. The study was conducted on the hours of learning elective courses of the third semester Physical Education students. The research method used was classroom action research (CAR), this study objectively or as it is with the subject physical education students in elective courses table tennis, amounting to 30 people. This research was conducted in 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of 3 stages: (1) introduction, (2) Core (3) Closing. The type of data collected in the teaching and learning process. As for the results of observations of students in the teaching and learning process in the forehand and backhand service through the table tennis wall media in the first cycle were 55% of all observations of the teaching and learning process. In the second cycle increased to 85%. While the observations of lecturers in the first cycle were 65% and increased in the second cycle to 90%. So it can be concluded that there was a very significant increase in the application of learning forehand and backhand services through wall media on Physical Education students.Keywords: Application of Wall Media, Forehand Backhand Service, Table Tennis.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOORDINASI DAN KECEPATAN REAKSI SISWA TUNA GRAHITA DAN AUTIS (STUDI KASUS DI SLB NEGERI AUTIS CENTER) KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: SETIAWAN ADE ANDRI , Syafrial Syafrial , Defliyanto Defliyanto
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui hasil koordinasi siswa tuna grahita dan autis di SLB Negeri Autis Center Kota Bengkulu, Untuk mengetahui hasil kecepatan reaksi siswa tuna grahita dan autis di  SLB Negeri Autis Center Kota Bengkulu, Mengetahui hubungan kemampuan koordinasi dan kecepatan reaksi siswa tuna grahita dan  autis  di SLB Negeri Autis Center Kota Bengkulu, Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan koordinasi dan kecepatan reaksi antara SD Negeri 50 (Anak Normal) dengan Siswa SLB Negeri Autis Center (Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus) Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SLB Negeri Autis Center Kota Bengkulu dan SD Negeri 50 Kota Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan tes kemampuan koordinasi dan kecepatan reaksi. Subjek didalam penelitian ini nanti adalah siswa tuna grahita 20 orang, anak autis 10 orang dan untuk memperkaya analisis jadi dicari juga hasil perbedaan koordinasi dan kecepatan reaksi antara anak normal (SD Negeri 50 Kota Bengkulu) sebanyak 30 orang dengan anak berkebutuhan khusus (SLB Negeri Autis Center Kota Bengkulu)  sebanyak 30 orang jadi semuanya sebanyak 60 orang yang akan diteliti. Adapun hasil penelitian  hubungan koordinasi dan kecepatan reaksi anak berkebutuhan khusus yaitu rhitung lebih besar dari pada rtabel dimana rhitung = 0,718 > rtabel= 0,361. Perbedaan koordinasi anak normal dengan anak berkebutuhan khusus yaitu t hitung lebih besar dari pada nilai t tabel (14,43 > 1,697), dan hasil perbedaan kecepatan reaksi anak normal dengan anak berkebutuhan khusus yaitu t hitung lebih besar dari pada nilai t tabel (14,43 > 1,697) Kata Kunci : Koordinasi dan Kecepatan Reaksi
PENGARUH LATIHAN LOMPAT GAWANG DALAM MENINGKATKAN TINGGI LOMPATAN SPIKE PADA PERMAINAN BOLA VOLI SISWA EKSTRAKURIKULER DI MAN 2 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Shodiq Amirul , Sugihartono Tono , Sutisyana Ari
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan lompat gawang terhadap tinggi lompatan spike pada permainan bola voli siswa ekstrakurikuler di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian eksperimen dengan desain quasi eksperimen (eksperimen semu). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa selisih pretest  siswa setelah mengikuti program latihan lompat gawang di atas lapangan sebanyak 16 kali pertemuan dapat menunjukan peningkatan terhadap tinggi lompatan spike siswa. Dengan populasi 30 siswa dan sampel 30 siswa (total sampling). Instrument penelitian ini berupa tes lompatan spike untuk mengetahui tinggi lompatan spike. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t.hasil. Dari hasil penelitian di peroleh thitung =10,321 jika di bandingkan dengan nilai ttabel= 1,696. Maka nilai thitung>ttabel ini berarti ada pengaruh dari latihan lompat gawang terhadap tinggi lompatan spike siswa di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu.Kata Kunci : Lompat Gawang, tinggi lompatan spike.                                                                AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of goal-jump training on high jump spikes on extracurricular volleyball games in MAN 2 City of Bengkulu. The method used is an experimental research method with a quasi-experimental design (quasi-experimental). The results of the study showed that the pretest difference of students after joining the goal-jumping training program on the field as many as 16 meetings can show an increase in the height of the student's jump spike. With a population of 30 students and a sample of 30 students (total sampling). The research instrument was a jump spike test to determine the height of the jump spike. The data analysis technique uses the t-test results. From the results of the study obtained tcount = 10,321 if compared with the value t table = 1,696. Then the value of tcount> t table means that there is an effect of the goal jump training on the high jumps of student spikes in MAN 2 City of Bengkulu.Keywords: Jump goal, high jump spike.