bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal measures to ensure fair distribution of income for sustainable development of Ukraine
Authors: Pyroha S. S.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the relationship between income distribution and the socio-economic development of the state. It is established that traditional methods of income distribution do not provide for sustainable development and do not correspond to the Constitution of Ukraine, which declares Ukraine a social state. The main regulator of income distribution is the Tax Code. Unfortunately, the current Tax Code of Ukraine does not at all provide for a fair redistribution of income and does not stimulate investment in the production sectors, but encourages the creation of various corruption schemes for evasion and avoidance of taxation, which includes a large-scale shadow economy, illegal export of capital, contraband imports and exports. The article proposes legal methods for overcoming all problems and ensuring accelerated development. To achieve these goals, legislation should contain an comprehensive list of price components. The fair market value (price) is equal to the total added value of the product or service, VAT charged on it and total depreciation at all stages of production and distribution. Added value is the sum of the company's factor incomes: wages and profits. The amount of actually paid taxes from the labor and profit fund determines the actually created added value, on which VAT is calculated, which is paid directly to the Budget at each stage of the movement of goods/services to the final consumer. The amount of added value, VAT and depreciation determines the increase in the market value of goods/services at each stage of production and distribution and corresponds to the amount of taxes, contributions and fees paid precisely by law. The distribution of income in society is determined on the basis of the European Social Charter (revised) and is ensured by the introduction of progressive tax rates on the incomes of individuals and the profits of enterprises. The income tax rate should be determined by the direction of use of profits, and the rate of distributed profit on dividends should be equal to the personal income tax rates. The zero rate does not apply to taxation of dividends.
Problems of the conceptual and terminological apparatus of the procedure for initiating forensic examination in criminal proceedings
Authors: Kovalenko A. V.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the formulation of a stable conceptual and terminological apparatus of the procedure for initiating a forensic examination in criminal proceedings. The provisions of the current criminal procedural legislation regarding the procedures for initiating forensic examinations have been analyzed. It has been found that the specified procedures have at least nine different legally established names, which contradicts the requirements of the principle of legal certainty and may lead to confusion in practice.

The artocle argues that the term “conducting an expertise” should refer exclusively to a forensic examination within the meaning of Art. 1 of the Law of Ukraine “On Forensic Expertise” and does not include the activity of the subjects of evidence regarding the initiation of such an examination or evaluation of the conclusion based on its results. The content of the wordings “appointment of expertise” and “order of expertise” has been considered in detail. It is emphasized that the first of them should be applied to the cases of initiation of the examination by the prosecution, the investigating judge and the court, while the second – to the procedures of initiation of the forensic examination by other entities on a contractual basis. The incorrectness of the wordings “engagement of an expert”, “assignment (for) conducting an examination” is indicated due to the traditional use of the words “engage” and “assign” in criminal proceedings in a different context. It is proposed to bring the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on the initiation of forensic examinations into a single system of concepts, and to bring other legal acts into compliance with the specified Code.
Features of classification and examination of butter and spreads
Authors: Kryvоruchkо N. V. , Kyrychenkо T. S.
Published: April 2024

Spreads are modern fat products whose production technology allows for a wide range of products with predefined properties. Having a similar texture and composition to natural butter, spreads contain more essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, and therefore exceed it in nutritional value. During the customs commodity expertise, it is important to identify the fatty product in order to provide reliable information to the consumer.

For the customs identification of butter and spreads, the following differences may be taken into account: composition and origin, fat content and processing, emulsifiers and additional ingredients, low temperature hardness, purpose and use, labelling and packaging. The main identification tasks in the commodity expertise of these products are: product composition, detection of impurities, organoleptic characteristics, texture and consistency, chemical analysis, comparison with standards, determination of product origin. By performing these identification tasks, the expertise helps to ensure the quality and safety of products on the market and protects consumer rights.

The article deals with the aspects of conducting a forensic commodity examination of butter and spreads, identifies certain aspects of falsification of the goods “butter” and “spread”, their identification and peculiarities of classification in the Ukrainian Classification of Goods for Foreign Economic Activity. The stages of forensic commodity examination of butter and spreads have been provided. General recommendations on the commodity assessment of the quality of these products for consumers and expert organisations have been identified.
Operation of police equipment on duty under martial law
Authors: Shevchenko T. V. , Zurov F. F. , Frolenkova P. M.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the problematic issues of operation of police equipment during the service of ensuring public security and order under the legal regime of martial law, shows the current state of modern research on the topic, and outlines the main problems faced by police officers when operating equipment. The publications on this topic are reviewed, and the regulatory framework of the MIA of Ukraine on the analysed issue is also studied.

Based on the analysis of police uniforms and a survey of police practitioners, a list of equipment most often used by police officers during service has been compiled, taking into account the peculiarities of service under martial law and the experience gained in 2022–2023. Additionally, the weight characteristics of the specified sets of equipment for police officers was developed and presented regarding their equipment before and after the introduction of martial law.

The research has concluded that the lack of regulations and standards for equipment complicates the work of police officers, who have to use it without specific instructions. Police officers are forced to use their own experience and information available on the Internet, which can have a negative impact on their safety. Improper placement or incorrect use of equipment can endanger the life and health of police officers. Wearing the equipment incorrectly can lead to physical problems such as discomfort, restricted movement, overheating and poor ventilation, which can increase the risk of injury and strain. This can have a negative impact on the physical and psychological health of police officers and their work performance.
Risgo: Exploring Queer Men’s Narratives of Risks and Stigma in Queer Dating Applications through an Interactive Film
Authors: Camporedondo Joshua Sianne Gabrielle , Amoloza Emely M.
Published: April 2024

Risgo, a practice-based research initiative, employs interactive film to intricately explore the experiences of queer men navigating dating apps, focusing on risks and stigma. Through intimate narratives shared by eight queer-identifying men, the analysis is guided by the Sexual Script Theory, revealing five prominent themes: hypermasculinity, body shaming, misgendering, prejudice in sex roles, and inherent risks. In the transformative process of translating these findings into an interactive film, Brecht’s Aesthetic Theory plays a pivotal role, incorporating historicization, gestus, and alienation techniques. The resulting interactive film undergoes assessment for interactivity and narrativity, drawing from Windsor’s explanation-demonstration model for interactive visualizations. The film provides users with a unique ‘branching narrative’ approach, empowering them with control over the story’s progression and facilitating a profound understanding of the experiences within the realm of queer dating apps. By immersing viewers in these diverse narratives, the film elucidates the impact of knowledge gaps and the pervasive stigma within LGBTQ+ communities. This interactive medium ultimately catalyzes open discussions and the acknowledgment of challenges faced by queer individuals in the dynamic landscape of dating apps, casting a spotlight on the critical issues within the LGBTQ+ community.

 Keywords: Interactive film, Queer dating applications, Queer men’s narratives

  

Received Date: January 15, 2024Revised Date: February 17, 2024Accepted Date: March 6, 2024
Ideal Dietary Intakes of Vitamin B12 and Vitamin E Prevent Anemia during Pregnancy
Authors: Siregar Eka Darmayanti Putri , Amir Arni , Irawati Nuzulia
Published: April 2024

Anemia in pregnancy is one of the priority nutritional problems to be tended to. WHO in 2019 reported Anemia in 40% of pregnant women worldwide; in Indonesia, based on the 2018 Riskesdas was 48.9%, and in West Sumatra and Padang City, 18.10% and 17.70%. One of the causes of Anemia was a low intake of vitamins B12 and E. This study aimed to determine if serum ferritin levels and vitamin B12 and E consumption were correlated with those of third-trimester pregnant women. This analytical cross-sectional study was done from April to July 2022 at Lubuk Kilangan Public Health Center and Andalas University's Biomedical Laboratory. The population was 64 third-trimester pregnant women, and 42 samples were used using proportional stratified random and simple random sampling. A SQ-FFQ (Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire) and Human ferritin kit DBC (Diagnostics Biochem Canada) examined by ELISA (Enzymed-Linked Immunosorbent Assays) were the instruments. The average of Vitamin B12 and vitamin E consumption daily was 7.71 µg and 5.87 mg, and serum ferritin was 10.53 µg/L. Serum ferritin levels were linked with vitamin B12 (r=0.879; p=0.001) and vitamin E (r=0.455; p=0.002) intake. Enough intake of vitamin B12 and vitamin E will lead to ideal serum ferritin levels.
A Modified Photovoice as A Strategy in The Selection of Healthy Snacks in SMPN Satu Atap LIK Layana
Authors: Bobihu Dewi Anggita H. , Masfufah Masfufah , Imansari Adillah
Published: April 2024

Snacks are foods that are mostly found and also cannot be absent from school children. The safety of snacks in the school environment needs to be considered because it will have a negative impact if its cleanliness and safety are not guaranteed. Photovoice is a photo that can describe a phenomenon and lead to awareness and concern. The aim of the research was to analyze the impact of a modified photovoice as a strategy for choosing healthy snacks for students of SMP Negeri Satu Atap. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study design. The total of informants was 13 people, and it was determined by purposive sampling technique, and data collection techniques by using the observation sheets, documentation, and in-depth interviews. The results of this research indicate that there is an impact of a modified photovoice in the choosing of snacks in students, through the photovoice method they could understand how to choose healthy snacks and make decisions to bring lunch to reduce the consumption of unhealthy snacks, the selection of snacks using the photovoice method is easy to accept, effective, reduce the boredom and fun. The knowledge about healthy snacks is still low, but after the implementation of photovoice, students' knowledge has increased and they understand more about healthy snacks. So the conclusion mentioned that students buy the snacks they want because they are less exposed to information about healthy snacks, someone with good nutritional knowledge will affect snack habits. Suggestions for SMP Satu Atap, should provide service facilities such as nutrition education for all students about the safety of choosing snacks.
Factors Associated with Post Placental Intrauterine Device (IUD) Use
Authors: Widiastini Luh Putu , Karuniadi I Gusti Agung Manik , Dewi Luh Gede Susila
Published: April 2024

An intrauterine device (IUD) is the right choice for post-placental contraception because it has high effectiveness, reversible, long-term effects, and low side effects. Factors that cause low IUD use are knowledge, the role of health workers, husband support and psychological factors such as anxiety during insertion, side effects and trauma during past insertion. The study aims to determine the factors associated with using post-placental IUDs at Mangusada Hospital. This study used an analytic cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, with 66 respondents, in  September and October 2023. Data analysis using the Chi-square test, Mann Whitney and logistic regression with 95% CI and p-value significance <0.05. The results showed the p-value of knowledge, husband support, health worker information and anxiety <0.05, which means there is a relationship between knowledge, husband support, health worker information and anxiety on the use of post-placental IUD. The results of multivariate analysis showed that one sub-variable (husband's support) was most associated with post-placental IUD use with a p-value of 0.00 <0.05. Conclusion: Husband support partially relates to post-placental IUD use at Mangusada Hospital.
A través de la ausencia: narrar desde la muerte en los cuentos de Cortázar
Authors: Cannavacciuolo Margherita
Published: April 2024

El presente trabajo ofrece un recorrido por los relatos de Julio Cortázar en los que la muerte se semiotiza en la voz del personaje muerto, quien asume la narración; se trata de “Las armas secretas”, “Llama el teléfono, Dalia”, “Retorno de la noche” e “Historia con migalas”. La presencia de las voces descorporeizadas permite reflexionar sobre la mecánica fantástica de los relatos considerados en relación con la (de)construcción narrativa del cuerpo de los personajes. El paso siguiente viene a ser enfocarse en el análisis del relato “Las babas del diablo” (Las armas secretas, 1959) con la finalidad de iluminar precisamente la relación entre cuerpo ausente y voz narradora como problematización de la ausencia del personaje. Cruzando las reflexiones de Giorgio Agamben (2017) y de David Le Breton (2012), se pretende demostrar que, al producirse a partir y a raíz de la voz presente de personajes ausentes, los relatos exploran la sustancia finalmente inapropiable del cuerpo, a la vez que problematizan el concepto mismo de narración como originada desde un inapropiable con el cual está íntimamente relacionada y al cual no deja de remitir.
Distribusi dan Karakteristik Kepiting Bakau (Scylla spp.) di Kawasan Rehabilitasi Mangrove Pantai Sei Tuan Indah Kecamatan Pantai Labu Kabupaten Deli Serdang
Authors: Ahmad zulfani Ahmad zulfani , Fadhilah Amanatul , Susetya Ipanna Enggar , Yusni Eri
Published: April 2024

Research on the distribution and characteristics of mangrove crabs (Scylla spp.) in the Sei Tuan Indah Beach, Pantai Labu District, Deli Serdang Regency's mangrove rehabilitation area has been carried out from August to September 2021. This study aimed to determine the distribution and characteristics of mangrove crabs in the mangrove rehabilitation area of Sei Tuan Indah Beach, Pantai Labu District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. The method used in this research is the line transect method and the Line Transect point method for measuring mangrove data and catching mangrove crabs using traditional fishing gear, namely Bubu. The results of the study obtained a total sample of 80 crabs in 3 types, namely: Scylla olivacea, Scylla tranquebarica, and Scylla paramamosain with the most dominant sex being male. The study's results obtained a pattern of distribution of mangrove crabs with a value of Id = 2.5. Analysis of correlation between environment, water parameters, and distribution using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Analisis Pola Pemasaran Lobster yang diperdagangkan di Kota Padang Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Lestari Sri Novivi , Suparno  , Damanhuri Harfiandri
Published: April 2024

Lobster merupakan salah satu komunitas perikanan yang sangat pontensial dan bernilai ekonomis tinggi, diminati oleh pasar local maupun pasar luar negeri. Pemenuhan yang tinggi tersebut mendorong peningkatan upaya penangkapan lobster dari alam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah sebagai informasi pola pemasaran dalam mengurangi dan menghindari dari kerusakan stok lobster di alam dengan mengkaji sumberdaya lobster saat ini yang di perdagangkan di Kota Padang Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan teknik observasi dan wawancara langsung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan dua pola pemasaran lobster di Kota Padang, Pola pertama dari Produksen (Nelayan) ke Agen selanjutnya ke pengencer dan ke konsumen. Pola Kedua dari produksen (nelayan) ke agen, dari agen ke pedangang pengumpul ke eksportir selajutnya ke pengencer dan ke konsumen. Pola pemasaran lobster yang diperdagangkan di Kota Padang Provinsi Sumatera Barat efisien dan tidak menyalahi aturan sebagaimana amanat dari Permen KP Nomor 17 tahun 2021 Tentang Pengelolaan Lobster (Panulirus spp), Kepiting (Scylla spp),dan Rajungan (Portunus spp) di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia.
Distribution and ecological status of mangroves in the Nias Islands-North Sumatra Province
Authors: Muhtadi Ahmad , Harahap Zulham Apandy , Pulungan Ahyar , Siregar Zufriwandi , Simaremare Elisabet Rosevenny , Rahmawati Ani , Nazara Wilman , Khairunnisa
Published: April 2024

The Nias Islands are a group of islands located on the west coast of Sumatra. Nias Island is the main and largest island on the West Coast of Sumatra. Information on the distribution and potential status of mangroves in the Nias Islands has been reported, but it is limited to a narrow area and not yet comprehensive throughout the Nias Islands. This study aims to determine the distribution and ecological status of mangroves in the Nias Islands. The research location was divided into two observation areas, namely 15 points on Nias Island and 23 points on the southern part of Nias. The research was carried out in June 2019 and June 2021. Mangrove sampling was carried out using the "spot check" method which refers to Bengen (2004). The results showed that the mangroves found in the Nias Islands consisted of 22 primary mangrove species and 9 secondary mangrove species. Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Xylocarpus granatum are the most abundant mangrove species and are commonly found in the Nias Islands. The thickness of mangroves in the Nias Islands ranges from 15 – 880 m. The density of mangroves found reached 350-4,360 ind/ha. Mangrove cover reaches 0.08-31.62 m2/ha. The results of the analysis of the significant value of mangrove species show that Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora apiculata have a large influence and role in the mangrove vegetation community on Nias Island. Mangroves in the Nias Islands are categorized as damaged–good. The good category was found in South Nias, Belukar Bay, and Bengkuang Bay, while the damaged category was found in Lahewa Bay and Dalam Bay
Personal Hygiene, Sanitasi Lingkungan Dan Keberadaan Bakteri E.Coli Pada Air Rendaman Tahu
Authors: Sri Winarie Lidya Nurdiyati , Narwati Narwati , Rachmaniyah Rachmaniyah , Marlik Marlik , Sari Ernita
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Kampung Tahu Tinalan Kota Kediri merupakan sentral industri tahu yang dalam penerapan personal hygiene ditemukan penjamah yang merokok dan penjamah tidak menggunakan alat pelindung diri yang lengkap seperti penutup kepala, sarung tangan serta pakaian kerja. Sanitasi lingkungan Industri Rumah Tangga Pangan (IRTP) dengan kondisi kotor, tak terawat, berdebu, tidak difasilitasi sarana cuci tangan dan suplai air yang digunakan adalah sumur bor dengan jarak < 10 meter dari septic tank dan kedalaman sumur < 5 meter. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui personal hygiene, sanitasi lingkungan dan keberadaan bakteri E.coli pada air rendaman tahu di Kampung Tahu Tinalan Kota Kediri. Metode: : Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan personal hygiene penjamah seluruhnya sebanyak 12 penjamah (100,0%) adalah baik, sanitasi lingkungan sebagian besar sebanyak 8 sampel (66,7%) adalah kurang baik dan keberadaan bakteri Escherichia coli pada air rendaman tahu sebanyak 8 sampel (66,7%) adalah tidak memenuhi syarat. Kesimpulan: Personal hygiene penjamah dan sanitasi lingkungan IRTP berpotensi menyebabkan keberadaan bakteri E.coli pada air rendaman tahu yang dapat mempengaruhi keamanan pangan pada produk tahu yang dihasilkan sehingga berpotensi mengakibatkan foodborne disease bagi yang mengkonsumsinya.
Pelayanan Kesehatan Penyakit Tropis Terabaikan di Jayapura, Papua
Authors: Sahiddin Muhamad , Felle Zeth Roberth , Rohmani Rohmani
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Papua adalah salah satu daerah endemis untuk beberapa penyakit tropis terabaikan, namun terdapat perbedaan distribusi sumber daya sehingga dalam upaya eradikasi dan eliminasi penyakit tropis membutuhkan strategi penanganan yang spesifik di setiap daerah.. Tujuan: mengkaji pelayanan kesehatan penyakit tropis terabaikan di Kota Jayapura. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus yang dilakukan di Kota Jayapura pada bulan Juni – Oktober 2021. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, telaah dokumen dan fokus group diskusi. Informan penelitian berjumlah 8 orang yang terdiri dari kepala bidang pengendalian penyakit, kepala puskesmas, programer dan pasien. Hasil: Pelayanan penyakit tropis terabaikan di Kota Jayapura difokuskan pada pengobatan dan peningkatan kualitas hidup pada dimensi sosial dan psikologi. Saat ini dinas kesehatan masih menjadi pemain tunggal dalam penanganan penanganan penyakit tropis terabaikan dan dianggap sebagai penyakit yang “tidak seksi” sehingga menurunkan ketertarikan banyak pihak untuk ditangani. Kegiatan screening dalam rangka menemukan kasus baru semakin berkurang. Jangkauan screening yang dilakukan hanya pada anggota keluarga tanpa dilakukan penelusuran riwayat kontak penderita. Beban ganda tenaga kesehatan yang bertanggung jawab sebagai programer terjadi karena mereka harus menangani beberapa penyakit dengan wilayah kerja yang luas. Kesimpulan: Penguatan screening untuk penemuan kasus baru perlu dilakukan dengan penelusuran kontak tidak hanya keluarga serumah tetapi juga pada tetangga dan riwayat kontak seperti di sekolah dan tempat kerja. Penanganan kasus penyakit tropis terabaikan perlu didorong agar berbasis evidance based berdasarkan analisis situasi insidensi dan prevalensi kasus pada masing-masing wilayah kerja puskesmas.
PENGETAHUAN GIZI REMAJA SMPN 40 KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Darmawati Irma , Arumiyati Sela
Published: April 2024

Pengetahuan gizi dapat menentukan status gizi dan perilaku remaja dalam memilih makanan. Peningkatan prevalensi masalah gizi di Indonesia tidak hanya sebatas masalah gizi kurang namun juga sudah bertambah menjadi beban ganda gizi lebih. Prevalensi masalah gizi lebih pada remaja umur 13-15 tahun di Indonesia sebesar 10,8%, terdiri dari 8,3 % overweight dan 2,5 % obesitas. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan gizi yang dimiliki oleh remaja dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan remaja tentang status gizi di SMPN 40 Kota Bandung. Didapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 89 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Proporsional Random Sampling. Analisa pengetahuan dilakukan melalui distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian di SMPN 40 Kota Bandung menunjukkan remaja berpengetahuan baik 48 orang (53,9%), cukup 22 orang (24,7%), kurang 19 orang (21,3%), dengan poin paling tinggi didapatkan pada kategori pengetahuan tentang status gizi lebih yaitu 81 orang (91,0%). Poin terendah didapatkan pada kategori cara penilaan status gizi yaitu 53 orang (59,6%). Pihak sekolah diharapkan lebih memperhatikan dan memberikan pendidikan tentang pengetahuan gizi dan status gizi. Bagi pelayanan kesehatan diharapkan lebih sering melakukan monitoring dan pembinaan UKS serta PMR di sekolah.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab berbasis Student-Centered Learning di Universitas KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah Jombang
Authors: Hakim M Dzikrul , Sirojudin Didin
Published: April 2024

This study aims to compare the student-centered learning (SCL) approach in higher education to the learning process in three different study programs, namely English Study Program, Islamic Religious Education and Arabic Language Education at KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah Jombang University . There are two main problems in this study, namely how the learning process is and what learning strategies are used in the three study programs. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the learning process for Arabic courses in English Study Program, Arabic courses in Islamic Studies Study Programs and Kalam Mukassaf courses in Arabic Education Study Programs has used the SCL approach, although the learning process of the three study programs used the strategy different. Learning strategies in Arabic courses in English Study Program use interactive learning strategies and guided teaching, Islamic Studies Study Programs in Arabic courses use interactive learning strategies, emphasizing discussion and sharing among students, while in education study programs Arabic in the Kalam Mukassaf course uses a peer lesson learning strategy, namely learning by teaching fellow friends.
Program Tasyji’ al-Lugah dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Inggris di SDMT Ponorogo
Authors: Arrobiah Ummul Fadhilah , Putra Wahyu Hanafi , Salma Kunti Nadiyah
Published: April 2024

This study aims to: (1) Describe the planning of the tasyji'ul lughoh program for grade 6 students at SDMT Ponorogo. (2) Knowing the material presented in the tasyji'ul lughoh program for grade 6 students at SDMT Ponorogo. (3) Explain the methods and media used in the tasyji'ul lughoh program for grade 6 students at SDMT Ponorogo. (4) Describe the form of evaluation in the tasyji'ul lughoh program for grade 6 students at SDMT Ponorogo. This type of research is field research with descriptive qualitative approach. The research location was at the Integrated Muhammadiyah Elementary School (SDMT) Ponorogo. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. To analyze the data using data reduction triangulation techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or data verification. This study's results indicate that the program's implementation is excellent because it can foster students' love for learning Arabic and English. Students' ability to master learning and speaking skills using Arabic & English is in good condition. Language support activities provided by Asatidz/Ustadzat can support students in getting Arabic and English. Factors supporting the activity were figures from the SDMT leadership, the quality of asatidz/ustadzat, TPMPS and ISMUBA administrators, a supportive school environment, and student enthusiasm
Upaya Guru PAI dalam Menerapkan Situasi Belajar Mengajar dengan Metode Demonstrasi di SMA An-Nur Malang
Authors: Chotimah Chusnul , Syarifuddin Irhamsyah
Published: April 2024

Metode yang dipilih oleh pendidik tidak boleh bertentangan dengan tujuan pembelajaran. Metode harus mendukung kemana kegiatan interaksi edukasi berproses guna mencapai tujuan tersebut. Metode demonstrasi adalah metode mengajar dengan cara memperagakan barang, kejadian, aturan dan urutan melakukan kegiatan, baik secara langsung maupun melalui pengguna media pengajaran yang releven dengan pokok bahasan atau materi yang di sajikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui upaya guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam metode demonstrasi di SMA An-Nur Bululawang, dan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah di terapkan metode demonstrasi di SMA An-Nur  Bululawang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitiannya yaitu: mengembangkan dan menjadikan suasana pelajaran menjadi lebih menyenangkan, mampu mengimplementasikan rencana proses pembelajaran dengan efektif dan efesien, menyusun, memiliki, menguasai, dan memilih strategi pembelajaran yang cocok untuk dilaksanakan. Hasil analisis terhadap pelaksanaan metode demonstrasi di SMA An-Nur ini guru berhasil dan mampu memberikan hasil yang sangat baik bagi siswanya dimana para siswa berlomba-lomba untuk mempersiapkan diri untuk melaksanakan kegiatan belajar, dengan berbekal pemahaman yang sangat kuat untuk pembelajaran yang akan di ajarkan oleh guru di kelas.
Argumentación y pragma-dialéctica. Estudios en honor a Frans van Eemeren
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Leal Carretero Fernando Miguel , Pereda Failache Juan Carlos , van Eemeren Frans Hendrik , Garssen Bart , Wagemans Jean H. M. , Meuffels Bert , Bermejo-Luque Lilián , Marraud González Humberto , Vega Reñon Luis , Santibáñez Yáñez Cristián , Navarro María G. , Inhen Jory Constanza , De Donato Rodríguez Xavier , Zamora Bonilla Jesús , Marafioti Roberto , Puig Luisa , López Saavedra Celso , Vicuña Navarro Ana María , Joannon L. Cristóbal , Galindo Castañeda Joaquín
Published: April 2024

El líder indiscutido del programa pragma-dialéctico de investigación es el doctor Frans H. van Eemeren, quien es reconocido como la figura señera de los estudios sobre argumentación en el mundo. No existía hasta ahora una colección de artículos suyos que dieran una idea más cabal de la extraordinaria amplitud y profundidad de todo su trabajo de investigación. Este libro se propone cumplir así con tres objetivos: honrar la persona y obra de Frans van Eemeren, editar una antología representativa de sus artículos y convocar a todos los especialistas de habla hispana a que expongan sus posiciones acerca de la pragma-dialéctica en el contexto de los estudios sobre argumentación.
Патологическая резорбция зуба: теоретические аспекты
Authors: Дедова Л.Н. , Новак Н.В.
Published: April 2024

Особенности развития патологического процесса в области корня зуба под действием одонтокластов являются предметом активного исследования в последние годы. Существует ряд клинических классификаций патологической резорбции корня зуба, при использовании которых возникают сложности у клинициста в диагностике и лечении, что определяет необходимость анализа и обобщения материала по вопросам особенностей проявления и систематизации патологической резорбции корня зуба.
Цель исследования. Разработать новую клиническую классификацию патологической резорбции зуба на основании анализа собственных клинических исследований в области диагностики и методов лечения патологической резорбции постоянных зубов.
Объекты и методы исследования. Разработана клиническая классификация патологической резорбции зуба на основании анализа собственных клинических наблюдений пациентов и данных зарубежной и отечественной литературы.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Предложена новая клиническая классификация патологической резорбции зуба, которая характеризует ее по течению, форме, глубине поражения, локализации на поверхности корня и распространенности.
Заключение. Собственные клинические наблюдения, обобщение результатов диагностики и лечения патологической резорбции корня зуба установили ряд важных механизмов ее проявления, и определили целесообразность включения разработанной классификации в клинический протокол патологической резорбции зуба.
Аномалии положения зубов: особенности диагностики и лечения согласно новому клиническому протоколу
Authors: Денисова Ю.Л. , Дегтерева И.В. , Пушкина В.М. , Юркевич Е.Я. , Фроленков А.С. , Рубникович А.С.
Published: April 2024

Аномалии положения зубов (АПЗ) являются самой встречающейся ортодонтической патологией. Постоянный рост количества АПЗ вызвал необходимость разработки и внедрения нового клинического протокола по диагностике и ортодонтическому лечению.
Цель исследования. Определить особенности диагностики и лечения АПЗ согласно новому клиническому протоколу.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Основой современной ортодонтии является грамотно составленный индивидуальный план лечения. Выбор адекватных методов диагностики, на основании которых осуществляется планирование лечения, – чрезвычайно важный этап всей последующей работы. Главные принципы диагностики АПЗ: выявление факторов, влияющих на их возникновение и развитие, определение степени выраженности, а также показаний к лечению, выбор метода лечения и тактики врача-специалиста; определение взаимосвязи стоматологического и общего здоровья с наличием данной патологии.
Заключение. Разработанный и клинически обоснованный новый комплекс лечебно-диагностических мероприятий у детей старшего школьного возраста и взрослых с аномалиями положения отдельных зубов дает возможность врачу-ортодонту значительно улучшить функциональное и эстетическое состояние зубочелюстной системы обследуемого, снизить риск осложнений, а также улучшить оказание ортодонтической помощи в Республике Беларусь.
Checklist and guidance on creating codelists for electronic health records research
Authors: Matthewman Julian , Andresen Kirsty , Suffel Anne , Lin Liang-Yu , Schultze Anna , Tazare John , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Williamson Elizabeth , Costello Ruth , Quint Jennifer , Strongman Helen
Published: April 2024

Background Codelists are required to extract meaningful information on characteristics and events from electronic health records (EHRs). EHR research relies on codelists to define study populations and variables, thus, trustworthy codelists are important. Here, we provide a checklist, in the style of commonly used reporting guidelines, to help researchers adhere to best practice in codelist development and sharing. Methods Based on a literature search and a workshop with experienced EHR researchers we created a set of recommendations that are 1. broadly applicable to different datasets, research questions, and methods of codelist creation; 2. easy to follow, implement and document by an individual researcher, and 3. fit within a step-by-step process. We then formatted these recommendations into a checklist. Results We have created a 9-step checklist, comprising 26 items, with accompanying guidance on each step. The checklist advises on which metadata to provide, how to define a clinical concept, how to identify and evaluate existing codelists, how to create new codelists, and how to review, finalise, and publish a created codelist. Conclusions Use of the checklist can reassure researchers that best practice was followed during the development of their codelists, increasing trust in research that relies on these codelists and facilitating wider re-use and adaptation by other researchers.
Can Sıkıntısı ile Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığı İlişkisinde Kullanım Süresinin Aracılık Rolü: Lise Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Balcı Şükrü , Tezer Derya
Published: April 2024

Günümüzde dijital teknolojilerle pek çok aktivite gerçekleştirilebildiği gibi oyun oynama da çokça tercih edilen bir faaliyettir. Dijital oyun oynama her ne kadar hoşça vakit geçirten, eğlendiren bir etkinlik gibi gözükse de uzun süreli ve kontrolsüz bir şekilde oynanması bağımlılık riskini oluşturmaktadır. Can sıkıntısı, olumsuz bir duygu durumu olup, dijital oyun bağımlılığı ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Birey, can sıkıntısı durumunda dijital araçlara yönelerek; bu durumundan uzaklaşmakla beraber dijital oyunun sunduğu hoş vakit geçirme motivasyonuyla gün geçtikçe oyunda daha fazla zaman geçirmektedir. Bu durum bağımlılık riskini artırmakla birlikte özellikle genç nesli hedef almakta, gençleri hem fizyolojik hem de ruh sağlığı açısından olumsuz bir şekilde etkilemektedir. Dijital oyun bağımlılığı ile can sıkıntısı arasındaki ilişki ve kullanım süresinin aracılık rolünü ortaya koymak üzere, nicel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada veriler, 390 katılımcıdan yüz yüze anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda can sıkıntısı düzeyinin dijital oyun oynama süresini pozitif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra katılımcıların dijital araç kullanım süresinin dijital oyun bağımlığı üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişkisi olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Diğer bir yandan can sıkıntısı düzeyinin de dijital oyun bağımlılığını tetiklediğini ve can sıkıntısı ve dijital oyun bağımlılığı ilişkisinde kullanım süresinin aracılık rolü olduğu gözler önüne serilmektedir.
Et ve Et Ürünleri Tarihi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Özbay Gülçin , Semint Serkan , Tüysüz Vildan
Published: April 2024

İnsanoğlu geçmişte beslenme ihtiyacını karşılamak için çeşitli besinler tüketmiştir. Bu besinler içerisinde et ve et ürünleri önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Et ve et ürünleri protein kaynağı olması sebebiyle günümüzde de vazgeçilmez bir gastronomik ürün olarak tercih edilmektedir. Bu bakımdan yürütülen bu araştırmanın temel amacı, et ve et ürünlerinin tarihi süreçleri hakkında bilgi edinmektir. Amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemleri içerisinde yer alan doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmalar taranarak et ve et ürünleri tarihi hakkında detaylı bilgiye ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda ilk olarak tarih boyunca tüketilen etler hakkında genel bir bilgi verilmiştir. Daha sonra et ve et ürünleri kategorize edilerek literatür desteklenmiştir. Kategorisi yapılmış et ve et ürünleri, kasap hayvanları eti, kümes hayvanları eti, deniz ürünleri, av hayvanları eti ve diğer etler ve işlenmiş et ürünleri olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Bu başlıklar altında hangi hayvanların yer aldığı, bu hayvanların evcilleştirilmeye başlandığı yerler, nasıl yayıldığı, hangi toplumda nasıl yer tuttuklarına dair bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre; kanatlı hayvanlardan ilk evcilleştirilen türün kaz, küçükbaş hayvanlardan ilk evcilleştirilen türün keçi, büyükbaş hayvanlardan ilk evcilleştirilen türün deve ve tarihsel süreçte ilk tüketilen et ürünleri arasında sakatatın yer aldığı saptanmıştır.
Azerbaycan Türklerinde Atalar Kültü / Ata-Baba Gününün Eski Türk Kültüründeki Yeri ve Önemi
Authors: Arık Türkan
Published: April 2024

Ölüm, ölümden sonraki hayat, insan ruhlarıyla ilgili inanışlar ve uygulamalar toplumların din, kültür ve gelenekleri çerçevesinde onların yaşadıkları zaman ve mekâna göre harmanlanmıştır. Ölüm gerçekleştikten sonra geride kalanlar dünyasını değişen kişinin mezarına, onun ruhuna karşı saygı gösterilmiş ölen kişinin ruhunun memnun edilmesine - doyurulmasına yönelik birtakım uygulamalar yapmışlar. Kutsal sayılan ata mezarlarının korunması, onlara karşı saygılı olmak Türk kültüründe önemli yer tutmuştur. Ata mezarlarına yapılan saygısızlıklar savaş sebebi olmuş, ataların mezarlarında rahat uyuması için mücadeleler verilmiştir. Ölümsüz olan ruhun geride bıraktıkları kişilerin hayatını etkilemesi inancı ile alakalı olarak onların ruhlarının doyurulması önemli sayılmış, mezarlıklarda ve evlerde çeşitli uygulamalar yapılmıştır. İnanışlara göre ata ruhlarını memnun etmek manevi borç sayılmış gerekli uygulamaları yapan insanların kendilerini rahat hissetmelerini sağlamıştır. Makalede, eski Türk kültüründe atalar mezarlarının kutsal sayılması, atalar kültü, ata ruhlarının doyurulmasına yönelik yapılan uygulamalardan bahsedilecektir. Bunun yanı sıra atalar kültünün Azerbaycan Türkleri arasında özellikle Nahçıvan ve Iğdır Bölgesinde devam etmesi hakkında bilgi verilerek Türk halkları arasında büyük coşkuyla kutlanan Nevruz bayramı öncesi ata ruhlarının memnun edilmesi - doyurulması için yapılan uygulamalar, inanışlar detaylı olarak açıklanacaktır. İster Nahçıvan ister Iğdır Bölgesinde ata ruhları için yapılan uygulamaların, düzenlenen merasimlerin unutulmaması adına “Ata-Baba Günü”, ve Ölü Bayramı” olarak adlanan ataları anma günlerinin ve bu kültürün gelecek kuşaklara aktarılmasının önemine değinilmiştir. Özünde bin yıllık tarih barındıran bir çok ritüel sosyal yaşamla alakalı olarak unutulmaya yüz tutmuştur. Bunları önleye bilmek adına Türk kültürü üzerine detaylı incelemelerin gerekli olduğu açıklanmıştır.
Perceptions of Intern Doctors and Postgraduate Students About Neuroanatomy Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Nishat Latifa , Rahman Sufi HZ , Shamim Khondker M
Published: April 2024

Objective: To explore the perception of intern doctors and postgraduate students of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry about neuroanatomy education at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels in Bangladesh.

Participants and methods: Eight intern doctors and fourteen postgraduate students were selected on the basis of their willingness to participate in the study. The intern of a public medical college hospital who almost completed their training and final part postgraduate students of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry of different medical institutions of Dhaka were invited for the study. Qualitative research methods involving two focus group discussions (FGDs) were used. FGDs were modelled using some preselected agenda. The discussions were audiotaped and handwritten transcripts were analysed for identifying themes representing the perception.

Results: Neuroanatomy was perceived as a difficult but important subject by the participants. Inappropriate timing, as well as the limited use of radiological images, visual aids, clinical correlation and a lack of discipline-specific approach were perceived as the causes of the difficulties. The suggested ways of improving better understanding included enhanced functional, clinical and radiological orientation, and increased use of multimedia and online resources in the teaching-learning of neuroanatomy.

Conclusion: The perception of intern doctors and postgraduate students of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry about their neuroanatomy education indicates the need for redesigning teaching-learning at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Enhancement of radiological images, 3-D visual aids, clinically-oriented and discipline-specific approach in neuroanatomy teaching-learning may be helpful in applying relevant knowledge and skills in clinical practices.

Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2015, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 46-56
CBR METHOD EXPERT SYSTEM FOR FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROBLEM DETECTION
Authors: Lestari Ade Dili , Siregar Iqbal Kamil , Santoso Santoso
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Technological developments open up opportunities to improve health services, especially in the diagnosis of female reproductive health problems. This research discusses the development of an expert system at Utama General Hospital in Kisaran to assist in the early diagnosis of female reproductive diseases. The problems that occur in this article are the absence of knowledge about dangerous diseases, lack of awareness of reproductive health diseases, remote and hard-to-reach locations of health facilities, high costs for consultations and drugs, and long time to get diagnostic results. The method used in solving these problems is Case Based Reasoning (CBR), where the system uses the experience of previous cases to handle new cases. The process involves collecting patient data, building a knowledge base, and developing an expert system using the CBR approach. Test results show the system is able to provide accurate diagnosis based on the symptoms inputted by the user. Solutions for each disease are displayed, providing useful information for further treatment. In conclusion, the development of this expert system is expected to improve the accessibility and quality of women's reproductive health services by providing fast and appropriate solutions. Keywords: case based reasoning (CBR) method; expert system; main public hospital kisaran; women's reproduction.  Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi membuka peluang untuk meningkatkan layanan kesehatan, terutama dalam diagnosis masalah kesehatan reproduksi wanita. Artikel ini membahas pengembangan sistem pakar di Rumah Sakit Umum Utama Kisaran untuk membantu diagnosis dini penyakit reproduksi wanita. Masalah yang terjadi pada penelitian ini yaitu Tidak adanya pengetahuan tentang penyakit berbahaya, kurangnya kesadaran akan penyakit kesehatan reproduksi, lokasi fasilitas kesehatan yang terpencil dan sulit dijangkau, biaya tinggi untuk konsultasi dan obat, serta waktu yang lama untuk mendapatkan hasil diagnosa. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam menyelesaikan masalah tersebut adalah Case Based Reasoning (CBR), di mana sistem menggunakan pengalaman kasus sebelumnya untuk menangani kasus baru. Proses melibatkan pengumpulan data pasien, pembentukan basis pengetahuan, dan pengembangan sistem pakar menggunakan pendekatan CBR. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem mampu memberikan diagnosis akurat berdasarkan gejala yang diinputkan oleh pengguna. Solusi untuk setiap penyakit ditampilkan, memberikan informasi yang berguna untuk penanganan lebih lanjut. Kesimpulannya, pengembangan sistem pakar ini diharapkan meningkatkan aksesibilitas dan kualitas layanan kesehatan reproduksi wanita dengan memberikan solusi yang cepat dan tepat. Kata kunci: metode case based reasoning (CBR); reproduksi wanita; rumah sakit umum utama kisaran; sistem pakar.