bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Koch’s Tuberculosis of the Sternoclavicular Joint
Authors: Channappa T S , Shivakumar H B , Jayaram Manju , Yatish R , Bharadwaj Vijay
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis bacilli have lived in symbiosis with mankind since time memorial. Rigveda and Atharvaveda (3500–188 B.C), Samhita of charka and Sushruta (1000 and 600 B.C) have mentioned the disease by the name of “Yakshma” in all forms. Lesions have been found in Egyptian mummies also. In western world, the clinical features and communicability of the disease were known before 1000 B.C. Tuberculosis is still a challenging health problem in developing countries, affecting almost all organs. Osteo articular tuberculosis is uncommon. Tuberculosis involving the sternoclavicular joint is extremely rare and often is misdiagnosed because of its rarity and unusual location. Literature has very less number of cases reported so far. Case Presentation: We are hereby reporting the case of a 70-year-old male, carpenter by profession who presented with right sternoclavicular joint swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging showed synovial thickening, articular, and subarticular erosions with diffuse sub chondral edema. Diagnosis was confirmed by ZN staining, FNAC, and diagnostic biopsy. Patient was managed conservatively by anti-tubercular treatment. Follow-up showed no relapse and improved clinical symptoms. Conclusion: Earlier detection and management of tuberculosis of such rare variants of joint infection help in preventing the destruction of osteo ligamentous structures, abscess formation, and joint instability. The report emphasizes on the appropriate diagnosis and management.
A Case Report on Surgical Excision of Intracapsular Osteochondroma of Femur Neck using Mini-Arthrotomy without Hip Dislocation in a Young Female with Hereditary Multiple Exostoses
Authors: Ghoti Santosh , Mahajan Neetin P , Kondewar Pranay , Pande Kartik Prashant , Chaudhari Kunal
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Osteochondromas are the most common benign bone tumors. They probably are developmental malformations rather than true neoplasms and are thought to originate within the periosteum as small cartilaginous nodules. The lesions consist of a bony mass produced by progressive endochondral ossification of a growing cartilaginous cap. Osteochondromas usually are found on the metaphysis of a long bone near the physis such as distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Surgical treatment for femur neck osteochondroma is difficult due to the high risk of avascular necrosis following excision. These lesions in femur are in close proximity to important neurovascular bundle and can cause ymptoms related to their compression. Furthermore, the symptoms related to labral tear and hip impingement are common. Recurrence is rare and is caused by failure to remove the entire cartilaginous cap. Case Report: A 25-year-old female presented with the complaints of pain in the right hip and difficulty in walking and running for 1 year. On radiological examination, the right femur neck osteochondroma was diagnosed, it as located along the posteroinferior margin of the femur neck. Surgical removal of the lesion was done in lateral decubitus position using osterolateral approach to hip without dislocation of the femur. Conclusion: Osteochondroma at femur neck can be safely removed without surgical hip dislocation. It’s necessary to remove it completely to avoid recurrence.
Open Reduction with Femoral Shortening, Derotation Osteotomy, and Acetabuloplasty in a Walking Age Developmental Dysplasia of Hip – A Surgical Video Technique
Authors: Chand Suresh , Srivastava Shubham
Published: September 2022

Introduction: It is very common for pediatric orthopedic surgeon to encounter developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) in walking age, especially in developing countries. The conservative options of management are almost over by this age and most require open reduction (OR) with various adjunct procedures. The most preferred approach for OR in this age group is anterior Smith-Peterson approach to hip joint. These neglected cases also require femoral shortening ± derotation osteotomy and acetabuloplasty. Case Presentation: In this surgical video technique, we demonstrate OR + femoral shortening and derotation osteotomy and acetabuloplasty, step by step, in a neglected, walking age DDH in a 3-year-old child. We hope that the detailed demonstration and tricks at various surgical steps will benefit our readers and viewers. Conclusion: Step-wise surgical execution as per demonstrated technique makes the procedure easily reproducible with fairly good outcomes. In this case example, with demonstrated surgical technique, we were able to achieve a good outcome at short-term follow-up.
Geometric-phase helical PSFs for 3D localization microscopy and compact orientation microscopy
Authors: Zhang Hongshuo , Zou Hongxin , Zhou Yongzhuang
Published: September 2022

We report a geometric-phase-based helical PSF for simultaneously estimating the 3D position and orientation of point emitters. It has a compact and simpler optical configuration compared to conventional polarization-splitting techniques and yields nearly 100% optical throughput.
High diopter spectacle using a flexible Fresnel lens with a combination of grooves
Authors: Vu Van Truong , Yeon Hankil , Youn Hongseok , Lee Jaejong , Lee Hocheol
Published: September 2022

In this study, the Fresnel lens was investigated as a potential candidate for vision correction in patients with myopia. A few previous studies have suggested this idea; however, Fresnel lenses are limited by their aesthetics and quality. Therefore, we designed a combination of Fresnel lens grooves with a constant height and pitch of 13 µm and 0.1 mm, respectively, to overcome the limitations caused by ultra-precision machining with a tool nose radius of 30 µm. A thin replicated Fresnel lens with a power of -5 diopter was procured and applied directly as spectacles that are unattached to the normal lens. The optical performance and image quality of the Fresnel lens were compared with those of a conventional lens possessing the same power in both near and far vision. These results extend the applicability for the use of Fresnel lenses as vision-correcting ophthalmological lenses and imaging systems.
High-responsivity operation of quantum cascade detectors at 9 µm
Authors: Marschick G. , David M. , Arigliani E. , Opačak N. , Schwarz B. , Giparakis M. , Delga A. , Lagree M. , Poletti T. , Trinite V. , Evirgen A. , Gerard B. , Ramer G. , Maulini R. , Butet J. , Blaser S. , Andrews A. M. , Strasser G. , Hinkov B.
Published: September 2022

Quantum cascade detectors (QCDs) are devices operating at zero external bias with a low dark-current. They show linear detection and high saturation intensities, making them suitable candidates for heterodyne detection in long-wave infrared (LWIR) free space optical communication systems. We present an approach to mitigate the performance limitation at long wavelengths, by a comparison of similar single and multi-period QCDs for optimizing their responsivity and noise behaviour. Our InGaAs/InAlAs/InP ridge QCDs are designed for operation at λ = 9.124 µm. Optical waveguide simulations support the accurate optical characterization. A detailed device analysis reveals room-temperature responsivities of 111 mA/W for the 15-period and 411 mA/W for the single-period device.
100 Gb/s NRZ OOK signal regeneration using four-wave mixing in a silicon waveguide with reverse-biased p-i-n junction
Authors: Wen Hua Shun , Cui Jia Bin , Zhou Heng , Chen Yin Fang , Jin Ya , Xu Bo Rui , Zhai Kun Peng , Sun Jia Zheng , Guo Yuan Yuan , Wu Yan Ran , Chen Wen , Chen Wei , Wang Xin , Zhu Ning Hua , Lu Guo-Wei , Ji Gui Jun , Zhou Dennis Chi , Cheng Yiu-Kwok , Yang Da-quan , Li Ming
Published: September 2022

A silicon waveguide with reverse-biased p-i-n junction is used to experimentally demonstrate all-optical regeneration of non-return-to-zero (NRZ) on-off keying (OOK) signal based on four-wave mixing. The silicon waveguide allows a high conversion efficiency of -12 dB. The 0.22 dB (1.1 dB) quality (Q) factor and 0.74 dB (6.3 dB) extinction ratio (ER) improvements on average are achieved for 100 Gb/s (50 Gb/s) NRZ OOK signal regeneration at different receiving powers via the optimal match between the input signal optical power and input-output transfer curve. To the best of our knowledge, this silicon-based all-optical regenerator exhibits superior regeneration performance, including large ER and Q factor improvements, and the highest regeneration speed of NRZ OOK signal, and it has wide applications in 5 G/6 G networks.
Quantum noise ciphered optical stealth communication based on equivalent spectral encoding
Authors: Zhu Huatao , Liu Zhanqi , Xiang Peng , Chen Shuwen , Li Feiyu , Xu Xiangming
Published: September 2022

To provide secure and covert transmission for optical communication system at the same time, a quantum-noise stream ciphered optical stealth communication approach is proposed for the first time. In the proposed system, the optical pulses are time spread by a chromatic dispersion device and then phase modulated with optical codes at chip rate to realize an equivalent spectral encoding. Binary optical codes are converted to multiple level phase-shift keying signal according to Y-00 protocol. The encoded optical signals are attenuated to mesoscopic coherent states and sent to a public channel. The ciphered signals are stealthy transmitted under public channel noise. The availability and covertness of the optical stealth channel is verified by system simulations.
Primary and metastatic tumors exhibit systems-level differences in dependence on mitochondrial respiratory function
Authors: Bennett Neal K. , Nakaoka Hiroki J. , Laurent Danny , Okimoto Ross A. , Sei Yoshitaka , Horvai Andrew E. , Bivona Trever G. , ten Hoeve Johanna , Graeber Thomas G. , Nakamura Ken , Nakamura Jean L.
Published: September 2022

The Warburg effect, aerobic glycolysis, is a hallmark feature of cancer cells grown in culture. However, the relative roles of glycolysis and respiratory metabolism in supporting in vivo tumor growth and processes such as tumor dissemination and metastatic growth remain poorly understood, particularly on a systems level. Using a CRISPRi mini-library enriched for mitochondrial ribosomal protein and respiratory chain genes in multiple human lung cancer cell lines, we analyzed in vivo metabolic requirements in xenograft tumors grown in distinct anatomic contexts. While knockdown of mitochondrial ribosomal protein and respiratory chain genes (mito-respiratory genes) has little impact on growth in vitro, tumor cells depend heavily on these genes when grown in vivo as either flank or primary orthotopic lung tumor xenografts. In contrast, respiratory function is comparatively dispensable for metastatic tumor growth. RNA-Seq and metabolomics analysis of tumor cells expressing individual sgRNAs against mito-respiratory genes indicate overexpression of glycolytic genes and increased sensitivity of glycolytic inhibition compared to control when grown in vitro, but when grown in vivo as primary tumors these cells down-regulate glycolytic mechanisms. These studies demonstrate that discrete perturbations of mitochondrial respiratory chain function impact in vivo tumor growth in a context-specific manner with differential impacts on primary and metastatic tumors.
COVID-19 infected cases in Canada: Short-term forecasting models
Authors: Bata Mo’tamad H. , Carriveau Rupp , Ting David S.-K. , Davison Matt , Smit Anneke R.
Published: September 2022

Governments have implemented different interventions and response models to combat the spread of COVID-19. The necessary intensity and frequency of control measures require us to project the number of infected cases. Three short-term forecasting models were proposed to predict the total number of infected cases in Canada for a number of days ahead. The proposed models were evaluated on how their performance degrades with increased forecast horizon, and improves with increased historical data by which to estimate them. For the data analyzed, our results show that 7 to 10 weeks of historical data points are enough to produce good fits for a two-weeks predictive model of infected case numbers with a NRMSE of 1% to 2%. The preferred model is an important quick-deployment tool to support data-informed short-term pandemic related decision-making at all levels of governance.
Features of non-traumatic spinal cord infarction on MRI: Changes over time
Authors: Kim Bo Ra , Park Kyung Seok , Kim Hyo Jin , Kim Jun Yup , Kim Bo Ram , Lee Eugene , Lee Joon Woo
Published: September 2022

Background and purpose

Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is difficult to diagnosis using MRI findings. We aimed to suggest the optimal timing of MRI studies for diagnosing SCI.

Materials and methods

This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board. The requirement for informed consent was waived. MRI scans of SCI patients diagnosed between January 2015 and August 2019 were enrolled in the SCI group and subdivided according to the interval between symptom onset and time of MRI scan (A, within 6 h; B, 6–12 hours; C, 12–24 hours; D, 24–72 hours; E, 3–7 days). Three radiologists analyzed the T2WI scans and evaluated the confidence level of diagnosing SCI using a five-point Likert scale: 1, certainly not; 2, probably not; 3, equivocal; 4, probably yes; 5, certainly yes. Scores of 4 and 5 were defined as “T2WI-positive SCI” and scores of 1–3 were defined as “T2WI-negative SCI”.

Results

The SCI group included 58 MRI scans of 34 patients (mean age, 60.6 ± 14.0 years; 18 women). The T2WI positivity rate was 72.4% (42/58). In contrast to the other subgroups, subgroup A included fewer cases of T2WI-positive SCI (1/4, 25%) than T2WI-negative SCI. A confidence score of 5 was the most common in subgroup D (4/27, 14.8%). Among the 12 patients who underwent MRI studies more than twice, confidence scores increased with time.

Conclusion

In patients with suspected SCI showing equivocal initial MRI findings, follow-up MRI studies are helpful, especially when performed between 24 and 72 hours after symptom onset.
Editorial
Authors: Wood John , Lockheart Julia
Published: September 2022

This editorial highlights the range of approaches within this issue of the journal, many of which allude to the importance of writing and language within metadesigning. In emphasizing their combined importance for mankind’s survival in the Anthropocene it also discusses the need for a better learning framework within higher education.
Teología y crisis ecológica
Authors: Guridi Román
Published: September 2022

Las tradiciones religiosas son relevantes para hacer frente a la crisis ecológica actual. Junto con la vida concreta de sus comunidades y de su incidencia institucional, el cristianismo ha visto la constitución progresiva de una nueva área disciplinar teológica. Además de presentar el debate actual sobre el alcance de las transformaciones que los desafíos ecológicos requieren de los contenidos teológicos clásicos, se ofrecen algunas perspectivas de futuro de la ecoteología. Por otra parte, se identifican tres nudos problemáticos que requieren un mayor desarrollo en relación con la naturaleza, la humanidad y la acción divina. Y que apuntan, en términos generales, a pensar teológicamente la singularidad y la capacidad de actuar (agencia) —y sus consecuencias— más allá de la especie humana, a profundizar teológicamente las categorías de límite y poder, y a generar narrativas teológicas que permitan ver la realidad y sostener una acción comunitaria lúcidamente esperanzada que colabore con la consumación de todo lo creado.
Integrar, atender y prevenir
Authors: Compte Grau M.ª Teresa
Published: September 2022

Este artículo reflexiona acerca del desafío que supone para la Iglesia católica facilitar la puesta en marcha de mecanismos de atención integral orientados a la recuperación y reparación de las víctimas que han sufrido abusos sexuales en su seno. Para acometer esta tarea, la Iglesia debiera dotarse de un conocimiento científico que facilite la comprensión de los factores que explican, propician y perpetúan los procesos de victimización por abusos sexuales. La victimología, en tanto que ciencia social centrada en el estudio de los procesos de victimización y desvictimización, ofrece conceptos clave que, en diálogo con la teología, el derecho canónico y la doctrina social, pueden dotar a la Iglesia católica del conocimiento y el lenguaje adecuado para afrontar esta tarea.
Temas teológicos principales para el diálogo ecuménico del siglo XXI
Authors: Blanco Sarto Pablo
Published: September 2022

En estas líneas nos proponemos recordar los principales temas debatidos, para poder así elaborar un mapa de las cuestiones teológicas pendientes en el diálogo ecuménico. Para esto seguiremos los diálogos oficiales mantenidos por la Iglesia católica con las distintas confesiones cristianas desde el Concilio Vaticano II hasta nuestros días, sentando así las bases de todo futuro diálogo teológico. Los temas abordados serán la cristología y la Trinidad, la soteriología, la Iglesia, el ministerio y los sacramentos, especialmente la Eucaristía. En estas líneas podemos apreciar las convergencias y divergencias doctrinales que nos impulsan a un esperanzado diálogo ecuménico.
Dios en los confines. La cuestión de Dios en una cultura postcristiana
Authors: Cordovilla Pérez Ángel
Published: September 2022

En el presente artículo pretendo compendiar algunas de las cuestiones más significativas que nuestra cultura actual plantea en torno a la cuestión de Dios. Una vez clarificado el adjetivo postcristiana referido a nuestra cultura o qué entendemos por postcristianismo (1), he resumido estas cuestiones fronterizas (confines) en torno al nuevo debate por la existencia de Dios entre ateísmo y teísmo (2); la pregunta por su realidad como ser personal o como absoluto misterio incomprensible, tal y como defienden corrientes apofáticas radicales (3); la cuestión de la posibilidad de su acción y presencia en el mundo en un mundo comprendido desde la mentalidad científica (4) y, finalmente, la cuestión en torno a su confesión monoteísta y la actual alabanza del politeísmo (5). Desde este trasfondo de problemas, apostamos por profundizar en el carácter incomprensible del misterio de Dios que siempre está más allá de nuestro horizonte, pero este misterio es siempre trinitario, tal y como se ha revelado él mismo en la historia (6).
De la «analogia entis» a la «analogia incarnationis»
Authors: Béjar Bacas Serafín
Published: September 2022

La cristología tiene como objetivo universalizar la narrativa evangélica. Para ello son necesarias determinadas mediaciones de razón que hagan posible dicha empresa. El autor del presente artículo, inspirado por la fenomenología contemporánea, propone como mediaciones válidas la «manifestación», la «carne» y el «don» con el fin de pergeñar una propuesta cristológica de carácter trinitario. De esta manera, la cristología abandonaría la hegemonía del pensamiento del ser (analogia entis) para abrirse a un nuevo horizonte caracterizado por el pensamiento del aparecer (analogia incarnationis).
Absolute Globalization: The Way to Confront the Global Challenges
Authors: Ashik Syod Ahsanul Islam , Afroje Sahariya , Hossain Nazmul
Published: September 2022

The world is currently confronted with multidimensional challenges which are cause of concern for the earth’s all living creations. The most remarkable challenges are global warming and global climate changes, tremendous poverty, environment pollution, warfare, antibiotic resistance, migration problems, and the spread of contagious and deadly diseases etc. The adverse effects of these are very devastating. They will affect hydrology and biology of earth, everything including economy, eco-system, and the substances. The challenging factors are interconnected, and acceleration and minimization are interlinked. The study is to analysis the challenges the world is currently confronting with and their potential impacts, the reasons behind the challenges and the potential way to overcome the challenges. The study is based on secondary sources of data and information including scientific and academic journals, scholar articles, research papers, books, and other relevant sources to make a deep analysis, interpretation and re-interpretation and describe and explain the issue of this proposed study. The study recommends ‘Absolute Globalization’, an absolute integration of global economic, education, political, and social institutions where regionalism will be the cornerstone of the integration, as the way to confront the challenges.
Gradient estimate of the solutions to Hessian equations with oblique boundary value
Authors: Wang PeiHe
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study Hessian equations with the prescribed contact angle boundary value or oblique derivative boundary value and finally derive the a priori global gradient estimate for the admissible solutions.
Basic Income and Anishinaabe Worldview: Exploring Tensions and Compatibilities
Authors: Nixon Sarah
Published: September 2022

Jurgen De Wispelaere and Lindsay Stirton point out that basic income must be designed in light of the features of the society in which the policy is to be implemented. Yet, in Canada, scholars and politicians have neglected one crucial aspect of the context in which basic income stands to be implemented – namely, a settler-colonial one. In a settler-colonial context, we must consider the compatibility of such a policy proposal with the worldviews of Indigenous peoples who continue to assert, apply, and revitalize their laws on this land. As such, in this paper, I consider the compatibility of a basic income with Anishinaabe worldview and legality. Ultimately, I find that while dominant justifications for basic income are not compatible with Anishinaabe worldview, the implementation of the policy may nonetheless support the urgent imperative of Indigenous law revitalization.
Novel soliton solutions for the fractional three-wave resonant interaction equations
Authors: Alqaraleh Sahar M. , Talafha Adeeb G.
Published: September 2022

In this article, we obtained new infinite sets of exact soliton solutions for the nonlinear evolution system of three-wave resonant interaction equations. The solved system contains the non-zero second-order dispersion coefficients, the non-zero phase velocity mismatch, and the conformable fractional time derivative of order between zero and one. The solution method is a constructed ansatz that consists of linear combinations of the tan and cotan hyperbolic functions with complex coefficients. We stated clear systematic steps toward writing an exact soliton solution for the studied system. To show the efficiency of this method, we introduced some numerical examples on each obtained set of solutions. The computations showed that similar solutions can be obtained if one replaces the tan and cotan hyperbolic functions with the tan and cotan trigonometric functions. The new obtained fractional solutions could be useful in studying the broad applications of triad resonances in plasma physics and in nonlinear optics.
Changes of wort characteristic components through low thermal stress boiling
Authors: Dai Xiaoyong , Zhang Fan , Wu Wei , Xu Qing , Wu Long , Li Zhanyong
Published: September 2022

This paper systematically studied the changes of wort characteristic components under various low thermal stress boiling, and separation methods of Dimethyl-Sulfide (DMS) accumulated in wort due to low thermal stress boiling. Compared with conventional boiling, the combined boiling (boiling at 3% evaporation rate and 98 °C holding temperature for 30 min) demonstrated that the change rates of solidifiable nitrogen, iso-α-acid and color were no more than 5%, the absorbance of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction mixture decreased by 13.7%, and DMS can be separated by vacuum film stripping after whirlpool. For 98 °C holding temperature boiling, the differences in absorbance of TBA reaction mixture, iso-α-acid and color were 16, 11.6 and 5%, respectively. The solidifiable nitrogen content was equivalent to the 28 mg/L limit and DMS must be removed by vacuum film stripping two times. From the perspective of application, it is necessary to improve the separation efficiency of DMS subsequently.
Synthesis of the LaCoO3, SrCoO3 and La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 materials by the modified proteic method and tests for use as adsorbent
Authors: Ribeiro Iasmin A. , Lemos Jéssica A. S. , Souza Marcelo J. B. , Pedrosa Anne Michelle Garrido
Published: September 2022

LaCoO3, SrCoO3 and La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 materials were synthesized using the modified proteic method using gelatin as a chelating agent, to study the effect of metal type in the formation of the perovskite structure, as well as to test its adsorptive capacity when removing a dye from aqueous medium. The formation of the perovskite phase was predominant, and the modified proteic method was efficient in producing materials with relatively high surface areas, in comparison to other methods of synthesis. The materials showed removal efficiency of Bezaktiv red dye until 95 %. The experimental data were applied to kinetic models pseudo-first order, pseudo-second-order and variable constants. In studies for the reuse of adsorbents, it was proven that the adsorbents maintained their efficiency and the perovskite structure was maintained, signaling its stability after adsorption and recovery conditions.
Clarifying causal mediation analysis: Effect identification via three assumptions and five potential outcomes
Authors: Nguyen Trang Quynh , Schmid Ian , Ogburn Elizabeth L. , Stuart Elizabeth A.
Published: September 2022

Causal mediation analysis is complicated with multiple effect definitions that require different sets of assumptions for identification. This article provides a systematic explanation of such assumptions. We define five potential outcome types whose means are involved in various effect definitions. We tackle their mean/distribution’s identification, starting with the one that requires the weakest assumptions and gradually building up to the one that requires the strongest assumptions. This presentation shows clearly why an assumption is required for one estimand and not another, and provides a succinct table from which an applied researcher could pick out the assumptions required for identifying the causal effects they target. Using a running example, the article illustrates the assembling and consideration of identifying assumptions for a range of causal contrasts. For several that are commonly encountered in the literature, this exercise clarifies that identification requires weaker assumptions than those often stated in the literature. This attention to the details also draws attention to the differences in the positivity assumption for different estimands, with practical implications. Clarity on the identifying assumptions of these various estimands will help researchers conduct appropriate mediation analyses and interpret the results with appropriate caution given the plausibility of the assumptions.
The crystal structure of 4-(2-bromoethoxy)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, C9H9BrO3
Authors: Gao Dongmei , Zuo Zhenyu
Published: September 2022

C9H9BrO3, monoclinic, P21
n (no. 14), a = 10.8914(4) Å, b = 4.6335(2) Å, c = 18.4554(8) Å, β = 97.278(2)°, V = 923.85(7) Å3, Z = 4, T = 225 K, R

gt
(F) = 0.0385, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0902.
Visualizing and quantifying spatial and qualitative pain sensations
Authors: Boudreau Shellie Ann
Published: September 2022

Similar to the purpose of an infographic, visualizing spatial and qualitative sensations on a body chart is a fast and digestible method for communicating complex information and experiences. Further, digitizing these body charts into an interactive medium creates unprecedented opportunities for collecting extensive data. Moreover, applying simple rule-based algorithms or more advanced machine learning approaches to these charts catapults the quantification and spatiotemporal relations of pain and qualitative pain sensations into a new field ripe for pioneering discoveries.
Optimierung einer Materialflusssteuerung zur Energieeffizienzerhöhung in der Produktion
Authors: Brützel Oliver , Thiery David , May Marvin , Lanza Gisela
Published: September 2022

Das geschärfte Bewusstsein für Energieverbrauch und -effizienz in der Gesellschaft zeigt sich auch in produzierenden Unternehmen, die versuchen, ihre Produktionsanlagen energiesparend auszulegen. Ein Ansatz liegt in der Reduzierung des Energieverbrauchs von Maschinen, indem energieintensive Wartezustände der Maschinen durch einen Energiesparmodus ersetzt werden. Hierzu wird von den Autoren eine Steuerung entwickelt, die basierend auf den Füllständen der im Materialfluss integrierten Puffer für jede Maschine individuell einen Energiesparmodus aktiviert. Die Steuerung wird in einem modularen ereignisdiskreten Ablaufsimulationsmodell implementiert und getestet. Um die optimalen Grenzen der Pufferfüllstände für die Ansteuerung des Energiesparmodus zu identifizieren, wird eine Optimierung dieser Parameter mithilfe eines selbst entwickelten Optimierungsbausteines vorgenommen und am Beispiel eines geplanten Fertigungssystems mit realen Daten validiert.
Produktivitätssteigerung bei der Inline-Erwärmung
Authors: Günzel Janosch , Hauß Joachim , Harnischmacher Matthias , Groche Peter
Published: September 2022

Zur Wahrung der Umformbarkeit hochfester Aluminiumlegierungen innerhalb mehrstufiger Umformprozesse ist eine exakte Temperaturführung unabdingbar. Realisiert wird dies am PtU der TU Darmstadt mittels eines temperierten Transferwerkzeuges, dessen Inline-Erwärmung der Bauteile die limitierende Größe für die erreichbare Zykluszeit darstellt. Um diese zu reduzieren und somit die Produktivität des Gesamtprozesses zu erhöhen, werden Aktivteile aus herkömmlichem Werkzeugstahl durch Kupfer-Komponenten ersetzt.
Automatische Identifikation mittels RFID
Authors: Herbert Meike , Stirm Julian , Hofmann Christian , Fürst Jens , Franke Jörg
Published: September 2022

Zur automatischen Identifikation von Objekten in der Produktion werden leistungsfähige Technologien eingesetzt, um eine qualitätssichernde Rückverfolgbarkeit von Bauteilen oder Fertigungshilfsmitteln sicherzustellen. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Lösungsansatz zur Rückverfolgbarkeit von Vorrichtungen, Werkzeugen und Messmitteln durch Anwendung eines RFID-Systems in der Produktion von Hochleistungsröntgenstrahlern vorgestellt und auf die Ergebnisse von Lebensdauerversuchen eingegangen.
FIRM AGILITY AND DIGITALISATION LESS HELPFUL THAN EXPECTED DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC, BUT VALUABLE IN THE LONGER RUN
Authors: Redek Tjaša , Čater Tomaž , Čater Barbara , Černe Matej , Koman Matjaž
Published: September 2022

Firms’ performance during exogenous crises depends on several factors, from strategic foresight, financial readiness, and a number of firm-specific as well as sectoral aspects, also including luck and government support. The aim of this paper is to investigate the extent to which the ‘crisis readiness’ of firms, defined by factors like a proactive strategic approach, digitalisation, and financial constraints, as well as the reliance on or availability of government support, is responsible for the outcome during the COVID-19 crisis compared to the long-run contribution made by these factors. The empirical investigation uses a unique combination of firm-level balance sheet data and unique survey data concerning the strategic focus and implementation of Industry 4.0. While the literature suggests that digitalisation, a strategic proactive approach, and crisis readiness (itself depending on several factors) impacted the firms significantly during the COVID-19 crisis, the results show firm performance primarily depended on other (sectoral) aspects serving as a major exogenous factor impacting their performance. During the crisis, digitalisation was additionally mentioned as an important adjustment factor. However, using firm-level data we show that while companies were able to mitigate certain impacts of the supply and demand shocks triggered by COVID-19 using their internal resources and characteristics, including strategic elements, the biggest explanatory factor remains the sector involved. This leads to important managerial and policy recommendations, principally stressing the importance of proactivity and agility for firms’ long-run performance, whereas in the short run the state must help mitigate the effects.
JOB STANDARDIZATION AND DEVIANT WORKPLACE BEHAVIOR
Authors: Mao Hsiao-Yen
Published: September 2022

Facing fiercely competitive global environments, organizations use widespread mass production of goods and services for lower cost and larger market shares for survival and growth. Thus, a job design and characteristic of standardization has long been adopted and recognized to be essential for the competitiveness of organizations by sustaining output consistency, effectiveness and efficiency. However, Keeley (1988) maintained that organizations have a fundamental tension between the goal of efficiency and the goal of morality and struggle for a delicate balance between these competing objectives. This tension elicits the question whether job standardization relates to deviant workplace behavior (DWB), which is immoral, pervasive in the workplace and harmful to organizational competitiveness. Using conservation of resources theory as an underlying explanation, this study developed an interesting theoretical model that specified how and why job standardization enhances DWB directed at the organization (DWB-O) and attenuates DWB directed at organizational members/individuals (DWB-I). Three-wave panel survey data were collected from 283 employees with various occupations. Empirical results found job standardization evokes employee boredom, which, in turn, translates into increased DWB-O and decreased DWB-I, suggesting employees’ concern for workplace relationships. With job design of standardization, organizations can use the influence of coworkers to stifle DWB-O. This study extends and shifts the understanding of job standardization consequences from the side of employee positive behavior to the side of negative behavior. DWB literature on situational antecedents, focusing on the organizational systems/social context and theory, is enriched by invoking a job perspective of standardization and resource theory.
COMPARISON OF CLOUD SERVICE CONSUMPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC, VISEGRÁD GROUP AND EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Zbořil Martin , Svatá Vlasta
Published: September 2022

Adoption of cloud services has an increasing trend for many years already and no indication that it should change in close future has occurred. Moreover, cloud consumption has been further enhanced due to the COVID-19 situation since a great number of employees started to work from home and therefore, they need to access resources over the internet. This article describes the performed analysis of official data provided by the European Union on the consumption of cloud services in the member countries. The analysis particularly focused on comparing the cloud consumption in the Czech Republic, Visegrád Group and European Union in total. The consumption was compared based on multiple criteria – primarily on cloud service types, organization types, consumption trends. The analysis was conducted over sets of biannual data (2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020) that are available on the Eurostat site for all the European Union countries. The comparison showed that the level of cloud consumption differs across and that the average consumption for the European Union is higher than in the Czech Republic and in Visegrád Group. Besides, the comparison revealed that consumption in the Czech Republic is slightly higher than in Visegrád Group. Such pattern in the comparison between the three subjects was present in the majority of comparisons and therefore it might be stated that the Czech Republic and Visegrád Group are behind the average cloud consumption in European Union. This article is closely related to the Information Management as one of the aims of the E&M Economics and Management journal.
Enhancement of the strength of biocomposite films via graphene oxide modification
Authors: Wang Sijie , Liu Gang , Pu Junwen
Published: September 2022

Chitosan-cellulose film is found in food processing and biotechnology because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antibacterial property. Despite the excellent properties, the presence of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds cause cellulose and chitosan to be insoluble in common solvents, resulting in limited mechanical strength. Graphene oxide has heavy oxygen-containing functional groups with excellent mechanical properties, which makes it an ideal filler for reinforcing polymers. In this work, blends of graphene oxide and chitosan-cellulose were successfully produced using 1-ally-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Amim]Cl) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent media. Films were prepared by phase-transfer method and investigated by Fourier transform infrared analysis, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and mechanical tests. The absence of the bands corresponding to C=O stretching in graphene oxide and the -NH bending of amides and amines in chitosan, the absence of the diffraction peak at 2θ =11.3° in graphene oxide (XRD), and the improvement of thermal stability and mechanical property provided evidence for the interaction between graphene oxide and chitosan-cellulose.
Gene cloning and functional characterization of three 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthases in Simao pine
Authors: Wang Yi , Yuan Xiaolong , Li Siguang , Chen Wei , Li Jiang
Published: September 2022

Pine oleoresin is an important industrial resource, used widely in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and insecticides. To reveal the function of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) in oleoresin biosynthesis in Simao pine, three complete cDNAs of DXS genes were obtained, of lengths 2223 bp (PkDXS1), 2217 bp (PkDXS2), and 2142 bp (PkDXS3). Phylogenetic analysis showed that PkDXS1 belonged to DXS type 1, and both PkDXS2 and PkDXS3 belonged to DXS type 2. Functional complementation experiments indicated that the three PkDXS genes had DXS protein function. Real-time PCR detection showed that physical wounding slightly influenced the gene expression of PkDXS1 and strongly influenced the gene expression of PkDXS2 and PkDXS3. The gene expressions of PkDXS3 in high-oleoresin-yield individuals were higher than their gene expressions in low-oleoresin-yield individuals. This result implied that the gene expressions of DXS regulated the oleoresin yields in different individuals of Simao pine. These results will provide information to help reveal the mechanisms of high-oleoresin-yield of Simao pine in the future.
Thermal degradation behavior of ball-milled Miscanthus plants and its relationship to enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Hideno Akihiro
Published: September 2022

Correlations were determined between the thermal degradation behaviors of ball-milled Miscanthus plants and their enzymatic digestibilities. Overall, thermal degradation temperatures of Miscanthus giganteus were higher than those of M. sinensis. The differential thermogravimetric (DTG) curve of M. giganteus had a characteristic shoulder peak near 292 °C as opposed to that of M. sinensis. The thermal degradation temperatures of both ball-milled samples decreased with increased ball-milling time, although the composition was not changed by ball milling. Remarkable changes in the DTG curves of M. sinensis and M. giganteus occurred with ball milling for more than 60 min and 120 min, respectively. These thermal degradation results were similar to the results for physicochemical pretreatments and enzymatic digestibilities. The thermal decomposition temperatures of both ball-milled samples at 20% weight loss were most negatively correlated with the enzymatic digestibilities with a value of approximately -1.0.
Investigation into the optimal dyeing method for Bluegum (Eucalyptus globulus) veneer
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc , Ozarska Barbara , Fergusson Mac , Vinden Peter
Published: September 2022

This study investigated the dyeing methods (soaking and vacuum-pressure), types of dye (direct dye and reactive dye), and dyeing parameters (dye concentration, dyeing time, and temperature) in the veneer dyeing process for Eucalyptus globulus grown on plantations in Australia. The dyed veneers were assessed in two ways: dye penetration, which was determined using ImageJ software, and visual veneer grading for identifying any damage (curves or cracks). Veneers with different moisture content (MC) levels were used and were called green veneer (80% ± 5% MC) and dried veneer (12% MC). The study showed that the reactive dye Procion Brown P2RN at a concentration of 2% resulted in a significantly higher dye penetration than the other dyes. Soaking was not recommended as the dyeing method for this species because the dyed samples were severely damaged by the pre-treatments and high temperatures. A dye penetration of 100% was achieved when using the vacuum-pressure method with a dyeing time of 120 min, a pressure of 1000 kPa, and the addition of 20 g/L of sodium chloride. The results of this study can be applied in further research on the veneer dyeing process for this species.
Preterm Infant Outcomes at 24 Months After Clinician-Supported Web-Based Intervention
Authors: Treyvaud Karli , Eeles Abbey L. , Spittle Alicia J. , Lee Katherine J. , Cheong Jeanie L.Y. , Shah Parool , Doyle Lex W. , Anderson Peter J.
Published: September 2022

The authors of this study evaluated infant and parent outcomes at 12 and 24 months after a clinician-supported, web-based early intervention for preterm infants.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the efficacy of a clinician-supported, web-based intervention delivered over the first year after birth compared with standard care in children born after <34 weeks’ gestation, on child development at 24 months corrected age (CA), parental mental health, and the parent-child relationship at 24 months.

METHODS

We randomly allocated 103 preterm infants to clinician-supported, web-based intervention (n = 50) or standard care control (n = 53) groups. At 24 months CA, child cognitive, language, motor, social–emotional development, and the parent–child relationship were assessed. Parental mental health and quality of life were assessed at 12 and 24 months CA.

RESULTS

At 24 months, child development, maternal mental health, and maternal quality of life were similar for the intervention and control groups. There was some evidence that mothers in the intervention group had lower odds of being in the elevated category for depression at 12 months (odds ratio: 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04–0.90; P = .04). Scores were higher in the intervention group for child responsiveness (mean difference: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.03–1.11; P = .04), child involvement (mean difference: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.09–1.13; P = .02), and maternal structuring (mean difference: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.22–1.21; P = .01) during the parent–infant interaction at 24 months.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides preliminary evidence that a clinician-supported, web-based early intervention program for preterm infants had a positive effect on the parent–child relationship and maternal mental health immediately after the intervention but potentially little effect on child development.
Astronomical Diaries and Related Texts from Babylonia. Volume IV: Undated Diaries and Addenda. Including Materials by Abraham J. Sachs
Authors: Sachs Abraham J.
Published: September 2022

From the 7th to the 1st century BC, daily observations of the sky were performed and their results written down on clay tablets in some Babylonian cities, especially in Babylon. The observations concern the moon and the planets and their phenomena, as well as the weather, the level of the River Euphrates and the prices of important commodities. While these "Astronomical Diaries" are mostly fragmentary and cover only a small part of the period concerned, they nevertheless provide important insights into an observational program that was carried out over seven centuries and contains valuable material even for modern astronomers. Volume IV contains all Astronomical Diaries that were too fragmentary to be dated and, in an Addenda section, those that it was only possible to date after the publication of volumes I–III. Together, volumes I–IV provide the complete edition of this group of cuneiform texts. It can be expected that the newly dated Diaries in particular will prove interesting for astronomers and historians, and will contribute new details to the history of Babylonia in the Hellenistic and Parthian periods.
KEABSAHAN AKTA PERBANKAN SYARI’AH YANG DIBUAT NOTARIS NON MUSLIM PERSFEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Mulyawan Mutiara Azura , Dewi Gemala
Published: September 2022

Abstract: This study aims to describe the authority of a non-muslim notary in making a sharia banking deed and the validity of the deed if the notary who makes and reads the deed is a non-muslim. Through Jurisdical-normative approach, this research found that basically a notary, whether they are moslem or non-moslem, has an authority granted by the Act to make a deed, including sharia banking deed.  The most important thing, the notary is able to understand and apply all the principles of Islamic banking as part of sharia economic law. For this reason, Sharia Banking Deed made and read by a non-Muslim Notary remains valid as long as it is based on the Act of Notary. However, according to Islamic Law, regarding to al-Baqarah verse 282 and At-Talaq verse 2, the Sharia Banking Deed is invalid if the deed is drawn up and read by a non-Muslim Notary.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kewenangan Notaris non muslim dalam pembuatan akta perbankan syariah dan keabsahan akta yang dibuat dan dibacakan oleh Notaris non muslim. Pendekatan yuridis ormatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kewenangan yang diberikan oleh Undang-Undang kepada Notaris terhadap pembuatan akta membuat semua Notaris baik muslim ataupun non muslim dapat membuat akta perbankan syariah. Yang terpenting ia mampu mengerti dan memahami segala prinsip-prinsip dan asas-asas perbankan syariah yang memang tunduk pada hukum ekonomi syariah. Secara hukum positif, keabsahan dari suatu Akta Perbankan Syariah yang dibuat dan dibacakan oleh Notaris non muslim tetap sah selama berdasarkan UUJN. Namun, secara Hukum Islam Akta Perbankan Syariah tidak sah jika akta tersebut dibuat dan dibacakan oleh Notaris non muslim dengan merujuk pada al-Baqarah ayat 282 dan at-Talaq ayat 2.
Botanical Sciences : an honorable fellow in the international assembly of botanical journals
Authors: Meave Jorge A. , Oyama Ken , Sosa Victoria , De-Nova José Arturo
Published: September 2022

As in every field of scientific research, publication of new findings is a fundamental task of botanical investigations. Since its launching in 1944, Botanical Sciences (formerly Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México ), the scientific periodical of the Botanical Society of Mexico, has played a major role in the dissemination of botanical knowledge, with a strong emphasis on Mexican plants and vegetation. In this essay, whose preparation was propelled by the publication of the 100th Volume of Botanical Sciences in 2022, we revisit this scientific periodical’s trajectory for almost eight decades of activity, during which it has become an honorable member of an international assembly of journals devoted to publishing research in all botanical subdisciplines. On this ground, we reflect on its future, pondering the challenges it faces, the need to adjust to emerging circumstances, and the opportunities created by current national and international editorial practices. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of the contents of the contributions included in this Special Issue, with emphasis on the main conclusions drawn by their authors. We hope that these articles will become key references guiding future work in their respective botanical subdisciplines.