bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entstehung eines sinnvollen Wirtschaftssystems durch gesellschaftliche Selbststeuerung
Authors: Strangalies Christian
Published: April 2024

In diesem Kapitel wird aus systemtheoretischer Sicht beschrieben, wie ein nachhaltiges Wirtschaftssystem operiert. Es wird gezeigt, wie durch Reflexion die pathologische Selbstreferenz aufgelöst und durch eine Generalisierung stabilisiert wird. Es wird erläutert, wie eine begrenzte Reflexion in wirtschaftlichen Entscheidungen eine Selbststeuerung des Wirtschaftssystems ermöglicht und wie sie durch Fremdbeschreibungen beeinflusst werden kann.
Evolution einer sinnvollen Wirtschaft durch beschränkte Reflexion am Beispiel von Nachhaltigkeitsratings
Authors: Strangalies Christian
Published: April 2024

Da die systemtheoretische Beschreibung einer begrenzten Reflexion sehr abstrakt ist, wird anhand von Nachhaltigkeitsratings ein konkretes Beispiel angeführt, wie Entscheidungen mit einer begrenzten Reflexion in Unternehmen entstehen können. Neben dem Bezug zu bestehender Literatur erfolgt die systemtheoretische Einordnung auch auf Basis von empirischen Erkenntnissen. Im folgenden Kapitel wird die Vorgehensweise der Untersuchung erläutert. Nach einer Beschreibung, wie die Evolution einer Wirtschaft mit begrenzter Reflexion entstehen kann, wird beschrieben, wie Nachhaltigkeitsratings durch ihre Reflexions- und Generalisierungsfunktion einen Reentry der Gesellschaft in die Wirtschaft unterstützen und damit einen Beitrag zur Selbststeuerung der Wirtschaft leisten.
Selbsterhaltung der Gesellschaft durch eine Wirtschaft mit begrenzter Reflexion
Authors: Strangalies Christian
Published: April 2024

In diesem Kapitel wird beschrieben, wie das politische System durch die Kontextsteuerung der Selbststeuerung der Wirtschaft mittels einer begrenzten Reflexion die Evolution zu einer sinnvollen Gesellschaft unterstützen kann. Im ersten Teil werden die Steuerungsmöglichkeiten der Politik beschrieben, die die Selbststeuerung einer Wirtschaft mit begrenzter Reflexion unterstützt. Anschließend wird dargestellt, wie die Kombination aus der Reflexion der Gesellschaft mithilfe von Netzwerken und der Generalisierung durch Nachhaltigkeit zu einem neuen Emergenz-Niveau der Gesellschaft führt.
On Vaulting: Heron’s Manuals and Their Role in Roman Dome Design
Authors: Roca Alicia , Juan-Vidal Francisco , Cipriani Luca , Fantini Filippo
Published: April 2024

The subject of domes in the Roman world is complex and can be studied from different perspectives. In this paper we focus on the relationship between Heron of Alexandria's manuals and the vaulting systems of the Hadrianic age. Our aim is to compare a selection of formulae from the critical edition by Johan Ludvig Heiberg with a series of buildings recently documented using photogrammetric and laser scanner technologies. The collection of writings Heronis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt omnia (mainly books IV and V) presents an interesting set of formulae for calculating vaults and domes: volumes and areas of niches, spherical segments, lunettes, as well as empirical strategies for calculating complex shapes. This approach, which integrates practical knowledge with Vitruvian graphic schemes, allows us to clarify the work of the ancient architect and consequently to investigate the architectural problem within the more general framework of archaeology with new conceptual tools.
EP300/CREBBP acetyltransferase inhibition limits steroid receptor and FOXA1 signaling in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Huttunen Jasmin , Aaltonen Niina , Helminen Laura , Rilla Kirsi , Paakinaho Ville
Published: April 2024

The androgen receptor (AR) is a primary target for treating prostate cancer (PCa), forming the bedrock of its clinical management. Despite their efficacy, resistance often hampers AR-targeted therapies, necessitating new strategies against therapy-resistant PCa. These resistances involve various mechanisms, including AR splice variant overexpression and altered activities of transcription factors like the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and FOXA1. These factors rely on common coregulators, such as EP300/CREBBP, suggesting a rationale for coregulator-targeted therapies. Our study explores EP300/CREBBP acetyltransferase inhibition’s impact on steroid receptor and FOXA1 signaling in PCa cells using genome-wide techniques. Results reveal that EP300/CREBBP inhibition significantly disrupts the AR-regulated transcriptome and receptor chromatin binding by reducing the AR-gene expression. Similarly, GR’s regulated transcriptome and receptor binding were hindered, not linked to reduced GR expression but to diminished FOXA1 chromatin binding, restricting GR signaling. Overall, our findings highlight how EP300/CREBBP inhibition distinctively curtails oncogenic transcription factors’ signaling, suggesting the potential of coregulatory-targeted therapies in PCa.
Enhancing Pisum sativum growth and symbiosis under heat stress: the synergistic impact of co-inoculated bacterial consortia and ACC deaminase-lacking Rhizobium
Authors: Ben Gaied Roukaya , Sbissi Imed , Tarhouni Mohamed , Brígido Clarisse
Published: April 2024

The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase is a crucial bacterial trait, yet it is not widely distributed among rhizobia. Hence, employing a co-inoculation approach that combines selected plant growth-promoting bacteria with compatible rhizobial strains, especially those lacking ACC deaminase, presents a practical solution to alleviate the negative effects of diverse abiotic stresses on legume nodulation. Our objective was to explore the efficacy of three non-rhizobial endophytes, Phyllobacterium salinisoli (PH), Starkeya sp. (ST) and Pseudomonas turukhanskensis (PS), isolated from native legumes grown in Tunisian arid regions, in improving the growth of cool-season legume and fostering symbiosis with an ACC deaminase-lacking rhizobial strain under heat stress. Various combinations of these endophytes (ST + PS, ST + PH, PS + PH, and ST + PS + PH) were co-inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum 128C53 or its ΔacdS mutant derivative on Pisum sativum plants exposed to a two-week heat stress period.

Our findings revealed that the absence of ACC deaminase activity negatively impacted both pea growth and symbiosis under heat stress. Nevertheless, these detrimental effects were successfully mitigated in plants co-inoculated with ΔacdS mutant strain and specific non-rhizobial endophytes consortia. Our results indicated that heat stress significantly altered the phenolic content of pea root exudates. Despite this, there was no impact on IAA production. Interestingly, these changes positively influenced biofilm formation in consortia containing the mutant strain, indicating synergistic bacteria-bacteria interactions. Additionally, no positive effects were observed when these endophytic consortia were combined with the wild-type strain. This study highlights the potential of non-rhizobial endophytes to improve symbiotic performance of rhizobial strains lacking genetic mechanisms to mitigate stress effects on their legume host, holding promising potential to enhance the growth and yield of targeted legumes by boosting symbiosis.
Unveiling the pharmacological potential of plant triterpenoids in breast cancer management: an updated review
Authors: Aly Shaza H. , Elbadry Abdullah M. M. , Doghish Ahmed S. , El-Nashar Heba A. S.
Published: April 2024

Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer, the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women globally. Recent research has provided increasing support for the significance of phytochemicals, both dietary and non-dietary, particularly triterpenoids, in the mitigation and management of breast cancer. Recent studies showed that triterpenoids are promising agents in the treatment and inhibition of breast cancer achieved through the implementation of several molecular modes of action on breast cancer cells. This review discusses recent innovations in plant triterpenoids and their underlying mechanisms of action in combating breast cancer within the timeframe spanning from 2017 to 2023. The present work is an overview of different plant triterpenoids with significant inhibition on proliferation, migration, apoptosis resistance, tumor angiogenesis, or metastasis in various breast cancer cells. The anticancer impact of triterpenoids may be attributed to their antiproliferative activity interfering with angiogenesis and differentiation, regulation of apoptosis, DNA polymerase inhibition, change in signal transductions, and impeding metastasis. The present review focuses on several targets, mechanisms, and pathways associated with pentacyclic triterpenoids, which are responsible for their anticancer effects. We could conclude that natural triterpenoids are considered promising agents to conquer breast cancer.

Graphical Abstract
Disrupted gut microecology after high-dose 131I therapy and radioprotective effects of arachidonic acid supplementation
Authors: Lu Ganghua , Gao Dingwei , Jiang Wen , Yu Xiaqing , Tong Junyu , Liu Xiaoyan , Qiao Tingting , Wang Ru , Zhang Mengyu , Wang Shaoping , Yang Jianshe , Li Dan , Lv Zhongwei
Published: April 2024

Background

Despite the potential radiotoxicity in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients with high-dose 131I therapy, the alterations and regulatory mechanisms dependent on intestinal microecology remain poorly understood. We aimed to identify the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolites in DTC patients suffering from high-dose 131I therapy and explore the radioprotective mechanisms underlying arachidonic acid (ARA) treatment.

Methods

A total of 102 patients with DTC were recruited, with fecal samples collected before and after 131I therapy for microbiome and untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses. Mice were exposed to total body irradiation with ARA replenishment and antibiotic pretreatment and were subjected to metagenomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses.

Results

131I therapy significantly changed the structure of gut microbiota and metabolite composition in patients with DTC. Lachnospiraceae were the most dominant bacteria after 131I treatment, and metabolites with decreased levels and pathways related to ARA and linoleic acid were observed. In an irradiation mouse model, ARA supplementation not only improved quality of life and recovered hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems but also ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation and preserved enteric microecology composition. Additionally, antibiotic intervention eliminated the radioprotective effects of ARA. Proteomic analysis and ursolic acid pretreatment showed that ARA therapy greatly influenced intestinal lipid metabolism in mice subjected to irradiation by upregulating the expression of hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 1.

Conclusion

These findings highlight that ARA, as a key metabolite, substantially contributes to radioprotection. Our study provides novel insights into the pivotal role that the microbiota-metabolite axis plays in radionuclide protection and offers effective biological targets for treating radiation-induced adverse effects.
Activation of STING by the novel liposomal TLC388 enhances the therapeutic response to anti-PD-1 antibodies in combination with radiotherapy
Authors: Chen Jhen-Yu , Lin Po-Yu , Hong Wei-Ze , Yang Pei-Chen , Chiang Shu-Fen , Chang Hsin-Yu , Ke Tao-Wei , Liang Ji-An , Chen William Tzu-Liang , Chao K. S. Clifford , Huang Kevin Chih-Yang
Published: April 2024

Current immune checkpoint inhibiters (ICIs) have contrasting clinical results in poorly immunogenic cancers such as microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer (MSS-CRC). Therefore, understanding and developing the combinational therapeutics for ICI-unresponsive cancers is critical. Here, we demonstrated that the novel topoisomerase I inhibitor TLC388 can reshape the tumor immune landscape, corroborating their antitumor effects combined with radiotherapy as well as immunotherapy. We found that TLC388 significantly triggered cytosolic single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) accumulation for STING activation, leading to type I interferons (IFN-Is) production for increased cancer immunogenicity to enhance antitumor immunity. TLC388-treated tumors were infiltrated by a vast number of dendritic cells, immune cells, and costimulatory molecules, contributing to the favorable antitumor immune response within the tumor microenvironment. The infiltration of cytotoxic T and NK cells were more profoundly existed within tumors in combination with radiotherapy and ICIs, leading to superior therapeutic efficacy in poorly immunogenic MSS-CRC. Taken together, these results showed that the novel topoisomerase I inhibitor TLC388 increased cancer immunogenicity by ssDNA/STING-mediated IFN-I production, enhancing antitumor immunity for better therapeutic efficacy in combination with radiotherapy and ICIs for poorly immunogenic cancer.
The effects of spatially-constrained treatment regions upon a model of wombat mange
Authors: Hindle Ivy J. , Forbes Lawrence K. , Walters Stephen J. , Carver Scott
Published: April 2024

The use of therapeutic agents is a critical option to manage wildlife disease, but their implementation is usually spatially constrained. We seek to expand knowledge around the effectiveness of management of environmentally-transmitted Sarcoptes scabiei on a host population, by studying the effect of a spatially constrained treatment regime on disease dynamics in the bare-nosed wombat Vombatus ursinus. A host population of wombats is modelled using a system of non-linear partial differential equations, a spatially-varying treatment regime is applied to this population and the dynamics are studied over a period of several years. Treatment could result in mite decrease within the treatment region, extending to a lesser degree outside, with significant increases in wombat population. However, the benefits of targeted treatment regions within an environment are shown to be dependent on conditions at the start (endemic vs. disease free), as well as on the locations of these special regions (centre of the wombat population or against a geographical boundary). This research demonstrates the importance of understanding the state of the environment and populations before treatment commences, the effects of re-treatment schedules within the treatment region, and the transient large-scale changes in mite numbers that can be brought about by sudden changes to the environment. It also demonstrates that, with good knowledge of the host-pathogen dynamics and the spatial terrain, it is possible to achieve substantial reduction in mite numbers within the target region, with increases in wombat numbers throughout the environment.
Pregnancies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus during 2000–2018 in Finland: a case–control study
Authors: Elfving Pia , Kariniemi Simo , Kautiainen Hannu , Rantalaiho Vappu , Virta Lauri J. , Puolakka Kari , Laine Merja K.
Published: April 2024

Objectives

The aim was to investigate, how pregnancies proceed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to their individually matched population controls.

Material and methods

Adult incident SLE patients were identified from the register of new special reimbursement decisions for SLE drugs in 2000–2014. For each patient, 1–3 randomly selected controls from the Population Register Centre were matched. Data regarding pregnancies were obtained from the Finnish Medical Birth Register, Care Register and Register of Congenital Malformations until 2018. The study utilized data from the Drug Purchase Register and educational information from Statistic Finland.

Results

A total of 163 deliveries for 103 mothers with SLE and 580 deliveries for 371 population controls were identified. The duration of pregnancies in SLE women was significantly shorter compared to controls (38.9 versus 39.6 weeks). There were more urgent Caesarean Sections. (15% versus 9%) and need for care at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (21% versus 11%) among deliveries in SLE mothers. No statistical difference was observed between SLE and control groups in the occurrence of preeclampsia or major congenital malformations. Gestational age was 2.5 weeks shorter when the mother experienced pre-eclampsia. Hydroxychloroquine was purchased by 30% of SLE mothers during pregnancy.

Conclusion

The course of pregnancies in Finnish SLE patients seems to be quite moderate compared to controls, and no new safety issues were detected. The low utilization of hydroxychloroquine indicates that the benefits of the drug to pregnancy and disease course are not optimally recognized by specialists treating SLE mothers.
Application of honeycomb pattern to Ti2AlN MAX phase films by plasma etching
Authors: Duran Semih , Çiçek Hikmet , Korkmaz İsmail Hakkı , Efeoğlu İhsan
Published: April 2024

The honeycomb pattern possesses a distinctive hexagonal structure capable of seamless repetition on a flat surface, leaving no gaps. Moreover, all arm thicknesses and angles are equal to one another. This remarkable configuration is deemed biomimetic, with numerous examples found in nature. Notably, it exhibits remarkably low density and exceptional mechanical strength. MAX phase films have gathered significant attention due to their exceptional capacity to amalgamate the essential properties of both metals and ceramics. Additionally, they possess the unique ability to effectively mend surface cracks that may arise as a result of friction-wear, restoring the material to a certain degree of integrity. In this study, Ti2AlN MAX phase thin films were deposited on M2 steel substrates by a closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering system (CFUBMS). 750 °C heat treatment was applied to obtain the produced films in crystalline form. In addition, plasma etching parameters suitable for the phase structure of the deposited film were determined. With the inductive coupling plasma etching (ICP) process, the honeycomb pattern was given to the Ti2AlN MAX phase films with a continuous and smooth geometry at a depth of 2 μm. This study gives ideas for the development of multi-coating systems in which patterns of different geometries are included in a single layer.
Semi-flexible majority rules for public good provision
Authors: Gersbach Hans , Tejada Oriol
Published: April 2024

We introduce semi-flexible majority rules for public good provision with private valuations. Such rules take the form of a two-stage, multiple-round voting mechanism where the output of the first stage is the default alternative for the second stage and the vote-share thresholds used in every round of binary voting (a) vary with the alternative on the table for a public-good level and (b) require a qualified majority for approving the alternative on the table by stopping the procedure. We show that these mechanisms implement the ex post utilitarian optimal public-good level, provided valuations can only be high or low. This public-good level is chosen after all potential socially optimal alternatives have been picked for a voting round. We explore ways to reduce the number of voting rounds and develop a compound mechanism when there are three or more valuation types.
StylePart: image-based shape part manipulation
Authors: Shen I.-Chao , Su Li-Wen , Wu Yu-Ting , Chen Bing-Yu
Published: April 2024

Direct part-level manipulation of man-made shapes in an image is desired given its simplicity. However, it is not intuitive given the existing manually created cuboid and cylinder controllers. To tackle this problem, we present StylePart, a framework that enables direct shape manipulation of an image by leveraging generative models of both images and 3D shapes. Our key contribution is a shape-consistent latent mapping function that connects the image generative latent space and the 3D man-made shape attribute latent space. Our method “forwardly maps” the image content to its corresponding 3D shape attributes, where the shape part can be easily manipulated. The attribute codes of the manipulated 3D shape are then “backwardly mapped” to the image latent code to obtain the final manipulated image. By using both forward and backward mapping, an user can edit the image directly without resorting to any 3D workflow. We demonstrate our approach through various manipulation tasks, including part replacement, part resizing, and shape orientation manipulation, and evaluate its effectiveness through extensive ablation studies.
Evaluation of an impedance-based method to monitor the insertion of the electrode array during cochlear implantation
Authors: Gottfried Timo M. , Galeazzi Pablo , Föger Aline , Dejaco Daniel , Tröger Andrea , Fischer Natalie , Innerhofer Veronika , Di Trapani Francesco , Weiss Nora , Seebacher Josef , Dierker Angelika , Schmutzhard Joachim
Published: April 2024

Purpose

Cochlear implantation is a prevalent remedy for severe-to-profound hearing loss. Optimising outcomes and hearing preservation, and minimising insertion trauma, require precise electrode placement. Objective monitoring during the insertion process can provide valuable insights and enhance surgical precision. This study assesses the feasibility and performance of an impedance-based method for monitoring electrode insertion, compared to the surgeon’s feedback.

Methods

The study utilised the Insertion Monitoring Tool (IMT) research software, allowing for real-time measurement of impedance and evoked compound action potential (eCAP) during electrode insertion in 20 patient implantations. This enabled an impedance-based method to continuously assess the status of each electrode during the insertion process. The feasibility and performance was evaluated and compared to the surgeon’s feedback approach. eCAP measurements focused merely on feasibility without searching specific responses.

Results

The IMT demonstrated feasibility in measuring real-time impedances and eCAP during the insertion of the electrode array. The impedance-based method exhibited potential for accurately monitoring the insertion depth with a high success rate. However, further development is needed to improve the number of usable contacts.

Conclusions

Objective monitoring with the impedance-based method shows promise as a valuable tool to enhance the precision of cochlear implant electrode insertion respecting insertion distance estimation. The IMT research software proved feasible in recording real-time impedances and eCAP during electrode insertion. While this impedance-based method exhibits high success rates, further improvements are required to optimise the number of usable contacts. This study highlights the potential of objective monitoring techniques to enhance cochlear implantation outcomes.
The extracellular matrix protein fibronectin promotes metanephric kidney development
Authors: Skoczynski Kathrin , Kraus Andre , Daniel Christoph , Büttner-Herold Maike , Amann Kerstin , Schiffer Mario , Hermann Kristina , Herrnberger-Eimer Leonie , Tamm Ernst R. , Buchholz Bjoern
Published: April 2024

Complex interactions of the branching ureteric bud (UB) and surrounding mesenchymal cells during metanephric kidney development determine the final number of nephrons. Impaired nephron endowment predisposes to arterial hypertension and chronic kidney disease. In the kidney, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are usually regarded as acellular scaffolds or as the common histological end-point of chronic kidney diseases. Since only little is known about their physiological role in kidney development, we aimed for analyzing the expression and role of fibronectin. In mouse, fibronectin was expressed during all stages of kidney development with significant changes over time. At embryonic day (E) 12.5 and E13.5, fibronectin lined the UB epithelium, which became less pronounced at E16.5 and then switched to a glomerular expression in the postnatal and adult kidneys. Similar results were obtained in human kidneys. Deletion of fibronectin at E13.5 in cultured metanephric mouse kidneys resulted in reduced kidney sizes and impaired glomerulogenesis following reduced cell proliferation and branching of the UB epithelium. Fibronectin colocalized with alpha 8 integrin and fibronectin loss caused a reduction in alpha 8 integrin expression, release of glial-derived neurotrophic factor and expression of Wnt11, both of which are promoters of UB branching. In conclusion, the ECM protein fibronectin acts as a regulator of kidney development and is a determinant of the final nephron number.
Rice physical defenses and their role against insect herbivores
Authors: Balakrishnan Devi , Bateman Nick , Kariyat Rupesh R.
Published: April 2024

Main conclusion

Understanding surface defenses, a relatively unexplored area in rice can provide valuable insight into constitutive and induced defenses against herbivores.

Plants have evolved a multi-layered defense system against the wide range of pests that constantly attack them. Physical defenses comprised of trichomes, wax, silica, callose, and lignin, and are considered as the first line of defense against herbivory that can directly affect herbivores by restricting or deterring them. Most studies on physical defenses against insect herbivores have been focused on dicots compared to monocots, although monocots include one of the most important crops, rice, which half of the global population is dependent on as their staple food. In rice, Silica is an important element stimulating plant growth, although Silica has also been found to impart resistance against herbivores. However, other physical defenses in rice including wax, trichomes, callose, and lignin are less explored. A detailed exploration of the morphological structures and functional consequences of physical defense structures in rice can assist in incorporating these resistance traits in plant breeding and genetic improvement programs, and thereby potentially reduce the use of chemicals in the field. This mini review addresses these points with a closer look at current literature and prospects on rice physical defenses.
N-myc downstream–regulated gene 1 can promote vasculogenic mimicry and angiogenesis in urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Louis Ereny Kamal , Abdelkawi Islam F. , Refaiy Abeer , Ahmed Asmaa M.
Published: April 2024

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder is a common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a process by which the malignant cells can generate vascular-like structures formed of periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) positive/CD31 negative extracellular matrix independent of angiogenesis and thus promotes tumor progression. N-myc downstream–regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a protein that can modulate tumor angiogenesis; however, its role in regulating tumor angiogenesis and VM formation has not been previously investigated in UC. This study aims to evaluate the role of intra-tumor microvessel density (MVD) (as a surrogate measure of angiogenesis), VM, and NDRG1 in UC and their correlation with different clinicopathologic features, then assess the correlation between them in UC. Sixty specimens of UC of the bladder were included. PAS-CD31 immunohistochemical double staining method was used to evaluate the intra-tumor MVD and VM. Immunohistochemical expression of NDRG1 was also examined. VM and NDRG1 expression were detected in 41.7% and 83.3% of UC specimens respectively. The mean of intra-tumor MVD, VM area, and NDRG1 was significantly higher in tumors with higher grade, lymphovascular invasion, and higher T stage. NDRG1 expression was positively correlated with MVD and VM. We can suggest that MVD, VM, and NDRG1 may serve as poor prognostic markers for UC. The positive correlation between NDRG1 and both MVD and VM may provide the first evidence that NDRG1 can induce tumor angiogenesis and VM in UC which may offer a novel pathway for further therapeutic strategies.
An initiative to implement a triage and referral system to make exercise and rehabilitation referrals standard of care in oncology
Authors: Schmitz Kathryn H. , Chongaway Andrew , Saeed Anwaar , Fontana Toni , Wood Kelley , Gibson Susan , Trilk Jennifer , Adsul Prajakta , Baker Stephen
Published: April 2024

Background

Clinical guidelines suggest that patients should be referred to exercise while undergoing cancer treatment. Oncology clinicians report being supportive of exercise referrals but not having the time to make referrals. Toward the goal of making exercise referrals standard of care, we implemented and evaluated a novel clinical workflow.

Methods

For this QI project, a rehabilitation navigator was inserted in chemotherapy infusion clinics. Patients were offered a validated electronic triage survey. Exercise or rehabilitation recommendations were communicated to patients during a brief counseling visit by the rehabilitation navigator. The implementation approach was guided by the EPIS framework. Acceptability and feasibility were assessed.

Results

Initial meetings with nursing and cancer center leadership ensured buy-in (exploration). The education of medical assistants contributed to the adoption of the triage process (preparation). Audit and feedback ensured leadership was aware of medical assistants’ performance (implementation). 100% of medical assistants participated in implementing the triage tool. A total of 587 patients visited the infusion clinics during the 6-month period when this QI project was conducted. Of these, 501 (85.3%) were offered the triage survey and 391 (78%) completed the survey (acceptability). A total of 176 (45%) of triaged patients accepted a referral to exercise or rehabilitation interventions (feasibility).

Conclusions

Implementation of a validated triage tool by medical assistants and brief counseling by a rehabilitation navigator resulted in 45% of infusion patients accepting a referral to exercise or rehabilitation. The triage process showed promise for making exercise referrals standard of care for patients undergoing cancer treatment.
Electrochemical determination of fenitrothion pesticide based on ultrathin manganese oxide nanowires/molybdenum titanium carbide MXene ionic nanocomposite and molecularly imprinting polymer
Authors: Yola Bahar Bankoğlu , Kotan Gül , Akyıldırım Onur , Atar Necip , Yola Mehmet Lütfi
Published: April 2024

A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor is presented based on one-dimensional ultrathin manganese oxide nanowires/two-dimensional molybdenum titanium carbide MXene (MnO2NWs@Mo2TiC2 MXene) for fenitrothion (FEN) determination. After the synthesis of MnO2NWs@Mo2TiC2 MXene ionic nanocomposite was successfully completed with a facile hydrothermal and the pillaring methods, a new type molecular imprinted electrochemical sensor based on MnO2NWs@Mo2TiC2 MXene was constructed with cyclic voltammetry (CV) polymerization including pyrrole monomer and FEN target molecule. After the characterization studies including spectroscopic, electrochemical and microscopic methods, the analytical applications of the prepared sensor were performed. A linearity of 1.0×10−9–2.0×10−8 mol L−1 was obtained and the values of the quantification limit (LOQ) and the detection limit (LOD) were 1.0×10−9 mol L−1 and 3.0×10−10 mol L−1, respectively. The studies of selectivity, stability and reproducibility of the constructed sensor based on MnO2NWs@Mo2TiC2 nanocomposite and molecularly imprinting polymer (MIP) were carried out in detail. Finally, the developed sensor was applied to white flour samples with the values close to 100%.

Graphical Abstract
Disturbance Level Mediates the Differential Resistance of Tropical Dry Forest Soil and Vegetation Attributes to High-Intensity Hurricanes
Authors: Montiel-González Cristina , Bravo-Monzón Ángel E. , Flores-Puerto José Israel , Valadez-Cortés Fabiola , Azcoytia-Escalona Luz Elena , García-Oliva Felipe , Arena-Ortiz María Leticia , Alvarez-Añorve Mariana Yolotl , Avila-Cabadilla Luis Daniel
Published: April 2024

Hurricanes are extreme climatic events frequently affecting tropical regions such as the tropical dry forests (TDFs) in Mexico, where its frequency/intensity is expected to increase toward the year 2100. To answer how resistant is a Mexican tropical dry forest to a high-intensity hurricane, and if its degree of resistance was mediated by its conservation degree, we evaluated the effect of a category 4 hurricane over the tree community, soil nutrients, and soil enzymatic activity in two contrasting TDF ecosystems: Old-Growth Forest (OGF) and Secondary Forest (SF). In general, vegetation richness and diversity showed very high resistance one year after the hurricane, but several structural attributes did not, especially in the OGF where the tree mortality related to vegetation structure and spatial distribution of individuals was higher. Then, in the short term, SF vegetation appeared to be more resistant, whereas the OGF, with more biomass to lose, appeared to be more vulnerable. Conversely, most soil attributes showed low resistance in both stages, but especially in SF which could face more severe nutrient limitations. The response of TDF to high-intensity hurricanes, in terms of above- and belowground processes, was in part dependent on its disturbance level. Moreover, an increase in the intensity/frequency of hurricanes could lead this TDF toward a high nutrient limitation (especially by phosphorus) for the plants and consequently toward a loss of soil functioning, especially in the SF. This eventually could produce a severe degradation in fundamental attributes and functions of the ecosystem.
Entity linking for English and other languages: a survey
Authors: Guellil Imane , Garcia-Dominguez Antonio , Lewis Peter R. , Hussain Shakeel , Smith Geoffrey
Published: April 2024

Extracting named entities text forms the basis for many crucial tasks such as information retrieval and extraction, machine translation, opinion mining, sentiment analysis and question answering. This paper presents a survey of the research literature on named entity linking, including named entity recognition and disambiguation. We present 200 works by focusing on 43 papers (5 surveys and 38 research works). We also describe and classify 56 resources, including 25 tools and 31 corpora. We focus on the most recent papers, where more than 95% of the described research works are after 2015. To show the efficiency of our construction methodology and the importance of this state of the art, we compare it to other surveys presented in the research literature, which were based on different criteria (such as the domain, novelty and presented models and resources). We also present a set of open issues (including the dominance of the English language in the proposed studies and the frequent use of NER rather than the end-to-end systems proposing NED and EL) related to entity linking based on the research questions that this survey aims to answer.
Clinical features and prognosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis patients who were double-seropositive for myeloperoxidase-ANCA and proteinase 3-ANCA
Authors: Gong Yizi , Shen Chanjuan , Meng Ting , Lin Wei , Hu Xueling , Tang Rong , Xiong Qi , Ooi Joshua D. , Eggenhuizen Peter J. , Chen Jinbiao , Zhou Ya-Ou , Luo Hui , Xu Jia , Liu Ning , Xiao Ping , Xiao Xiangcheng , Zhong Yong
Published: April 2024

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) patients with dual positivity for proteinase 3-ANCA (PR3-ANCA) and myeloperoxidase-ANCA (MPO-ANCA) are uncommon. We aimed to investigate these idiopathic double-positive AAV patients’ clinical features, histological characteristics, and prognosis. We reviewed all the electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with AAV to obtain clinical data and renal histological information from January 2010 to December 2020 in a large center in China. Patients were assigned to the MPO-AAV group or PR3-AAV group or idiopathic double-positive AAV group by ANCA specificity. We explored features of idiopathic double-positive AAV. Of the 340 patients who fulfilled the study inclusion criteria, 159 (46.76%) were female, with a mean age of 58.41 years at the time of AAV diagnosis. Similar to MPO-AAV, idiopathic double-positive AAV patients were older and had more severe anemia, lower Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, less ear, nose, and throat (ENT) involvement, higher initial serum creatinine and a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) when compared with PR3-AAV (P < 0.05). The proportion of normal glomeruli of idiopathic double-positive AAV was the lowest among the three groups (P < 0.05). The idiopathic double-positive AAV patients had the worst remission rate (58.8%) among the three groups (P < 0.05). The relapse rate of double-positive AAV (40.0%) was comparable with PR3-AAV (44.8%) (P > 0.05). Although there was a trend toward a higher relapse rate of idiopathic double-positive AAV (40.0%) compared with MPO-AAV (23.5%), this did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05). The proportion of patients who progressed to ESRD was 47.1% and 44.4% in the idiopathic double-positive AAV group and MPO-AAV group respectively, without statistical significance. Long-term patient survival also varied among the three groups (P < 0.05). Idiopathic double-positive AAV is a rare clinical entity with hybrid features of MPO-AAV and PR3-AAV. MPO-AAV is the “dominant” phenotype in idiopathic double-positive AAV.
Fusing Diverse Decision Rules in 3D-Radiomics for Assisting Diagnosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ren He , Wang Qiubo , Xiao Zhengguang , Mo Runwei , Guo Jiachen , Hide Gareth Richard , Tu Mengting , Zeng Yanan , Ling Chen , Li Ping
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to develop an interpretable diagnostic model for subtyping of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, including minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC), by integrating 3D-radiomic features and clinical data. Data from multiple hospitals were collected, and 10 key features were selected from 1600 3D radiomic signatures and 11 radiological features. Diverse decision rules were extracted using ensemble learning methods (gradient boosting, random forest, and AdaBoost), fused, ranked, and selected via RuleFit and SHAP to construct a rule-based diagnostic model. The model’s performance was evaluated using AUC, precision, accuracy, recall, and F1-score and compared with other models. The rule-based diagnostic model exhibited excellent performance in the training, testing, and validation cohorts, with AUC values of 0.9621, 0.9529, and 0.8953, respectively. This model outperformed counterparts relying solely on selected features and previous research models. Specifically, the AUC values for the previous research models in the three cohorts were 0.851, 0.893, and 0.836. It is noteworthy that individual models employing GBDT, random forest, and AdaBoost demonstrated AUC values of 0.9391, 0.8681, and 0.9449 in the training cohort, 0.9093, 0.8722, and 0.9363 in the testing cohort, and 0.8440, 0.8640, and 0.8750 in the validation cohort, respectively. These results highlight the superiority of the rule-based diagnostic model in the assessment of lung adenocarcinoma subtypes, while also providing insights into the performance of individual models. Integrating diverse decision rules enhanced the accuracy and interpretability of the diagnostic model for lung adenocarcinoma subtypes. This approach bridges the gap between complex predictive models and clinical utility, offering valuable support to healthcare professionals and patients.
A whole ecosystem approach to pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri) management in a changing climate
Authors: Reeves Laura A. , Garratt Michael P. D. , Fountain Michelle T. , Senapathi Deepa
Published: April 2024

Whole ecosystem-based approaches are becoming increasingly common in pest management within agricultural systems. These strategies consider all trophic levels and abiotic processes within an ecosystem, including interactions between different factors. This review outlines a whole ecosystem approach to the integrated pest management of pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri Linnaeus) within pear (Pyrus communis L.) orchards, focusing on potential disruptions as a result of climate change. Pear psyllid is estimated to cost the UK pear industry £5 million per annum and has a significant economic impact on pear production globally. Pesticide resistance is well documented in psyllids, leading to many growers to rely on biological control using natural enemies during the summer months. In addition, multiple insecticides commonly used in pear psyllid control have been withdrawn from the UK and Europe, emphasising the need for alternative control methods. There is growing concern that climate change could alter trophic interactions and phenological events within agroecosystems. For example, warmer temperatures could lead to earlier pear flowering and pest emergence, as well as faster insect development rates and altered activity levels. If climate change impacts pear psyllid differently to natural enemies, then trophic mismatches could occur, impacting pest populations. This review aims to evaluate current strategies used in C. pyri management, discuss trophic interactions within this agroecosystem and highlight potential changes in the top-down and bottom-up control of C. pyri as a result of climate change. This review provides a recommended approach to pear psyllid management, identifies evidence gaps and outlines areas of future research.
Climate change will likely facilitate invasion of Asian orchid Eulophia graminea into new areas
Authors: Kolanowska Marta , Rewicz Agnieszka , Ackerman James D.
Published: April 2024

Climate change plays an increasing role in the global biodiversity crisis. Alteration in local climatic conditions not only can negatively affect native biodiversity but also can accelerate the introduction and spread of invasive species. In this study the ecological niche modelling approach was used to evaluate possible changes in the distribution of suitable niches of invasive orchid Eulophia graminea within its native (Asia) and non-native geographical range (America, Australia). We mapped the current potential range of this species and analysed three various projections of future climate (for 2100) each with four different climate change scenarios (SSPs). Calculated niche overlap indexes indicated low similarity of niches occupied by native and invasive populations of E. graminea and Australian populations seem to be the most unique, while American and Asian groups share partially similar niches. The occurrence of the American population of E. graminea was correlated especially with the temperature seasonality, while the Asian and Australian populations with annual precipitation and precipitation of the wettest quarter. As indicated in our analyses within Asia and America, E. graminea does not occupy all climatically suitable niches. On the other hand, in Australia the species studied already occupies all appropriate niche space. Climate change will likely be favorable for species studied to expand its range if the biotic components of its niche space (e.g., mycorrhizal fungi) will respond similarly. The most significant range expansion is predicted to occur in Australia which is interesting considering the marginally suitable habitats that E. graminea currently occupies.
The Temporal Structuring of Corporate Sustainability
Authors: Mena Sébastien , Parker Simon
Published: April 2024

Research on corporate sustainability has started to acknowledge the role of temporality in creating more sustainable organizations. Yet, these advances tend to treat firms as monolithic and we have little understanding of how different temporal patterns throughout an organization shape perceptions of and actions toward sustainability. Building on studies highlighting how the temporal structures of work shape employee engagement with different organizational processes and issues, we seek to answer: How does the temporality of work practices structure perceptions of corporate sustainability throughout the firm? Using data from an ethnography of a small European sustainable bank, we provide an account of the variety of ways in which employees in different departments perceive the bank and how they engage with sustainability. We then go on to show how the temporal structures of work practices within different departments help explain some divergence in perceptions of sustainability. Our study highlights the variegation of temporal structures in organizational processes of meaning-making and its role for a better understanding of the efforts to make corporations more sustainable.
Reliability of using secondary and tertiary treated wastewater in concrete mixing and curing
Authors: Micheal Amany , Salam Haidy Abd El
Published: April 2024

Water scarcity is a problem that faces many regions. In a developing and arid countries, the need for fresh water is exponentially increasing. One of the most water consuming industries is the construction industry, especially in concrete manufacturing. This research is an evaluation of the Reliability of recycled wastewater to be used in concrete manufacturing. Two different wastewater treatment regimens are implemented: secondary and tertiary treated wastewater. The treated wastewater, either secondary or tertiary, replaces potable water with percentages of 25%, 50%, and 100%. The mixture of the two types of water is used in concrete mixing and curing. Control specimens with pure potable water are cast for the comparison. The experimental program investigated the cement setting, and for fresh concrete slump test is performed on all concrete mixtures. The hardened concrete is tested in compression and flexural strengths at ages of 7 days, 28 days, and 90 days. To investigate concrete durability, permeability test is conducted in addition to sulfate attack resistance. The concrete chemical composition is compared using the X-Ray Defragmentation (XRD) test. The results show that the treated wastewater may delay both the initial and final setting. The phenomenon is more pronounced in secondary treated wastewater. No significant effect on concrete performance in the fresh state is detected. For the compressive strength, both treatment regimens can be safely used. However, the flexural strength is reduced at the late ages. Using treated wastewater affects the permeability of concrete to be more durable and protect the reinforcement steel from rusting. For the XRD test, the results show different intensities and positions of the peaks of the different compounds encountered in the treated wastewater. Under sulfate attach, the treated wastewater specimens give higher expansion compared with potable water. In conclusion secondary and tertiary treated wastewater can be used in concrete mixing and curing. However, the manufactured concrete should be protected from sulfate attack to avoid excessive expansion.