bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the binding mechanism of a selective DNA methyltransferase 3A inhibitor by molecular simulation
Authors: Kudo Genki , Hirao Takumi , Harada Ryuhei , Hirokawa Takatsugu , Shigeta Yasuteru , Yoshino Ryunosuke
Published: June 2024

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that introduces a methyl group at the C5 position of cytosine. This reaction is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and is essential for the regulation of gene transcription. The DNMT1 and DNMT3A or -3B family proteins are known targets for the inhibition of DNA hypermethylation in cancer cells. A selective non-nucleoside DNMT3A inhibitor was developed that mimics S-adenosyl-l-methionine and deoxycytidine; however, the mechanism of selectivity is unclear because the inhibitor–protein complex structure determination is absent. Therefore, we performed docking and molecular dynamics simulations to predict the structure of the complex formed by the association between DNMT3A and the selective inhibitor. Our simulations, binding free energy decomposition analysis, structural isoform comparison, and residue scanning showed that Arg688 of DNMT3A is involved in the interaction with this inhibitor, as evidenced by its significant contribution to the binding free energy. The presence of Asn1192 at the corresponding residues in DNMT1 results in a loss of affinity for the inhibitor, suggesting that the interactions mediated by Arg688 in DNMT3A are essential for selectivity. Our findings can be applied in the design of DNMT-selective inhibitors and methylation-specific drug optimization procedures.
Investigation of bio-based rigid polyurethane foams synthesized with lignin and castor oil
Authors: Kim Hyeon Jeong , Jin Xuanjun , Choi Joon Weon
Published: June 2024

In this study, polyurethane (PU) foams were manufactured using kraft lignin and castor oil as bio-based polyols by replacing 5–20 wt% and 10–100 wt% of conventional polyol, respectively. To investigate the effects of unmodified bio-based polyols on PU foam production, reactivity and morphology within PU composites was analyzed as well as mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting foams. Bio-based PU foam production was carried out after characterizing the reagents used in the foaming process (including hydroxyl group content, molecular weight distribution, and viscosity). To compare the resulting bio-based PU foams, control foam were produced without any bio-based polyol under the same experimental conditions. For lignin-incorporated PU foams, two types, LPU and lpu, were manufactured with index ratio of 1.01 and 1.3, respectively. The compressive strength of LPU foams increased with lignin content from 5 wt% (LPU5: 147 kPa) to 20 wt% (LPU20: 207 kPa), although it remained lower than that of the control foam (PU0: 326 kPa). Similarly, the compressive strength of lpu foams was lower than that of the control foam (pu0: 441 kPa), with values of 164 kPa (lpu5), 163 kPa (lpu10), 167 kPa (lpu15), and 147 kPa (lpu20). At 10 wt% lignin content, both foams (LPU10 and lpu10) exhibited the smallest and most homogenous pore sizes and structures. For castor oil-incorporated PU foams with an index of 1.01, denoted as CPU, increasing castor oil content resulted in larger cell sizes and void fractions, transitioning to an open-cell structure and decreasing the compressive strength of the foams from 284 kPa (CPU10) to 23 kPa (CPU100). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) results indicated the formation of characteristic urethane linkages in PU foams and confirmed that bio-based polyols were less reactive with isocyanate compared to traditional polyol. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that incorporating lignin and castor oil affected the thermal decomposition behavior. The thermal stability of lignin-incorporated PU foams improved as the lignin content increased with char yields increasing from 11.5 wt% (LPU5) to 15.8 wt% (LPU20) and from 12.4 wt% (lpu5) to 17.5 wt% (lpu20). Conversely, the addition of castor oil resulted in decreased thermal stability, with char yields decreasing from 10.6 wt% (CPU10) to 4.2 wt% (CPU100). This research provides a comprehensive understanding of PU foams incorporating unmodified biomass-derived polyols (lignin and castor oil), suggesting their potential for value-added utilization as bio-based products.
A techno-economic perspective on efficient hybrid renewable energy solutions in Douala, Cameroon’s grid-connected systems
Authors: Molu Reagan Jean Jacques , Naoussi Serge Raoul Dzonde , Bajaj Mohit , Wira Patrice , Mbasso Wulfran Fendzi , Das Barun K. , Tuka Milkias Berhanu , Singh Arvind R.
Published: June 2024

Cameroon is currently grappling with a significant energy crisis, which is adversely affecting its economy due to cost, reliability, and availability constraints within the power infrastructure. While electrochemical storage presents a potential remedy, its implementation faces hurdles like high costs and technical limitations. Conversely, generator-based systems, although a viable alternative, bring their own set of issues such as noise pollution and demanding maintenance requirements. This paper meticulously assesses a novel hybrid energy system specifically engineered to meet the diverse energy needs of Douala, Cameroon. By employing advanced simulation techniques, especially the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) Pro program, the study carefully examines the intricacies of load demands across distinct consumer categories while accommodating varied pricing models. The paper offers a detailed analysis of the proposed grid-connected PV/Diesel/Generator system, aiming to gauge its performance, economic feasibility, and reliability in ensuring uninterrupted energy supply. Notably, the study unveils significant potential for cost reduction per kilowatt-hour, indicating promising updated rates of $0.07/kW, $0.08/kW, and $0.06/kW for low, medium, and high usage groups, respectively. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of overcoming operational challenges and constraints such as temperature fluctuations, equipment costs, and regulatory compliance. It also acknowledges the impact of operational nuances like maintenance and grid integration on system efficiency. As the world progresses towards renewable energy adoption and hybrid systems, this investigation lays a strong foundation for future advancements in renewable energy integration and energy management strategies. It strives to create a sustainable energy ecosystem in Cameroon and beyond, where hybrid energy systems play a pivotal role in mitigating power deficiencies and supporting sustainable development.
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the progressive muscle relaxation technique in hip fracture patients
Authors: Mashhadi-Naser Sahar , Shirvani Saeid , Vasli Parvaneh
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research was to ascertain how progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) technique affected hip fracture patients' anxiety, sleep quality, and post-operative pain. This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted on 100 patients with hip fracture hospitalized in one of the reference orthopedic hospitals in Tehran, Iran who were selected using convenience sampling and randomly were placed in two PMR group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). Data were collected by Demographic information questionnaire, Visual analogue scale for pain rating, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The PMR technique was the progressive muscle relaxation technique, which was started the night after the surgery for three nights before going to bed. Data were collected on two occasions, including before the PMR technique and the day after the last stage of the PMR technique. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed significant within-group changes in both groups' post-operative pain, sleep quality, and anxiety scores (P < 0.001). The progressive muscle relaxation group experienced decreased post-operative pain and anxiety scores and increased sleep quality scores (P < 0.001). The linear mixed model showed that the absolute changes in the follow-up post-operative pain, sleep quality, and anxiety scores were 1.19 and 7.94 units, significantly lower than the baseline, respectively. The results revealed significant within-group changes in both groups' post-operative pain, sleep quality, and anxiety scores (P < 0.001). The progressive muscle relaxation group experienced decreased post-operative pain and anxiety scores and increased sleep quality scores (P < 0.001). The study's findings demonstrated the beneficial effects of progressive muscle relaxation on hip fracture patients' outcomes, such as their level of anxiety, sleep quality, and post-operative pain. The study's findings can be applied by medical professionals to improve patient satisfaction and care quality.

This clinical trial has been registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials under the code IRCT20231120060119N1, which was approved on 7/12/2023.
Quantitative study of the ossification centers of the body of sphenoid bone in the human fetus
Authors: Grzonkowska Magdalena , Baumgart Mariusz , Szpinda Michał
Published: June 2024

The aim of the present study was to examine the growth dynamics of the two ossification centers of the body of sphenoid bone in the human fetus, based on their linear, planar and volumetric parameters. The examinations were carried out on 37 human fetuses of both sexes aged 18–30 weeks of gestation, which had been preserved in 10% neutral formalin solution. Using CT, digital image analysis software, 3D reconstruction and statistical methods, we evaluated the size of the presphenoid and postsphenoid ossification centers. The presphenoid ossification center grew proportionately in sagittal diameter, projection surface area and volume, and logarithmically in transverse diameter. The postsphenoid ossification center increased logarithmically in sagittal diameter, transverse diameter and projection surface area, while its volumetric growth followed proportionately. The numerical findings of the presphenoid and postsphenoid ossification centers may be considered age-specific reference values of potential relevance in monitoring the normal fetal growth and screening for congenital disorders in the fetus. The obtained results may contribute to a better understanding of the growing fetal skeleton, bringing new numerical information regarding its diagnosis and development.
Tuneable thiol exchange linkers for traceless drug release applications in prodrugs and ADCs
Authors: Walther Raoul , Park Mahri , Ashman Nicola , Welch Martin , Carroll Jason S. , Spring David R.
Published: June 2024

We describe a versatile and tuneable thiol responsive linker system using thiovinylketones, that relies on the conjugate addition–elimination mechanism of Michael acceptors for the traceless release of therapeutics.
The thermodynamics of self-assembled monolayer formation: a computational and experimental study of thiols on a flat gold surface
Authors: Zoccante Alberto , Cara Eleonora , Ferrarese Lupi Federico , Hönicke Philipp , Kayser Yves , Beckhoff Burkhard , Klapetek Petr , Marchi Davide , Cossi Maurizio
Published: June 2024

Investigation of the formation process of self-assembled monolayers by computationally estimating the chemical potential of thiyl and thiol monolayers on gold.
Chemical fixation of atmospheric CO2 in tricopper(ii)-carbonato complexes with tetradentate N-donor ligands: reactive intermediates, probable mechanisms, and catalytic and magneto-structural studies
Authors: Jana Narayan Ch. , Sun Yu-Chen , Herchel Radovan , Nandy Rakhi , Brandão Paula , Bagh Bidraha , Wang Xin-Yi , Panja Anangamohan
Published: June 2024

We herein report the mechanistic investigation of CO2 fixation through trapping an intermediate species on the way to the formation of tricopper(ii)-carbonato complexes and detailed catalysis and magneto-structural studies.
Lanthanide(iii) SMMs with cationic and anionic complex fragments formed by a Schiff base: structure, luminescence, magnetic properties and ab initio calculations
Authors: Gusev Alexey , Nemec Ivan , Herchel Radovan , Baluda Yuriy , Babeshkin Konstantin , Efimov Nikolay , Kiskin Mikhail , Linert Wolfgang
Published: June 2024

A new series of cation-anionic Ln(iii) complexes with luminescent single-molecule magnets are reported.
Synthesis and studies of covalently linked (BODIPY)2-3-pyrrolyl BODIPY triads
Authors: Sarkar Abani , Behera Kanhu Charan , Ravikanth Mangalampalli
Published: June 2024

Two covalently linked unique triads containing one 3-pyrrolyl BODIPY unit and two BODIPY units were synthesized and studies showed the possibility of singlet–singlet energy transfer from the BODIPY units to the 3-pyrrolyl BODIPY unit in both triads.
Fluorescence sensing of chloride ions in water based on wavelength shifts of hexane-dispersed CsPbBr3@silicone
Authors: Wang Han , Gao WenJing , Li Yangjie , He Yang , Yu Haihu
Published: June 2024

CsPbBr3@silicone was constructed for fast anion-exchange and RGB color-based sensing of chloride ions in the aqueous phase.
Access to cyclohexadiene and benzofuran derivatives via catalytic arene cyclopropanation of α-cyanodiazocarbonyl compounds
Authors: Chen Mei-Lin , Chou Chi-wen , Zhu Jia-Liang , Tsai Ming-Hsuan
Published: June 2024

Catalytic arene cyclopropanation of α-cyanodiazoacetates or α-diazo-β-ketonitriles gave norcaradienes or dihydrobenzofurans, which were converted to cyclohexadienes or benzofurans via cyclopropanation/reductive double ring-opening or DDQ oxidation.
Trifluoromethylnitrone: a versatile building block for synthesizing trifluoromethyl-containing heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Abdulla Mohd , Hussain Mohd Kamil , Ahamad Shakir
Published: June 2024

This is the first review on trifluoromethylnitrone, providing a comprehensive overview of recent advancements and underscoring the significant potential for future exploration in this domain.
Utilization of DMSO as a solvent-cum-reactant: synthesis of fused 2-aryl-4-methylquinolines
Authors: Yashmin Sabina , A. M. Karthik , Khan Abu Taleb
Published: June 2024

Synthesis of a variety of 2,4-disubstituted fused quinolines is reported from the reaction of an aryl aldehyde with a fused aryl amine using DMSO as the source of three carbons.
Electrochemical aminotrideuteromethylthiolation of isocyanides with anilines and CD3SSO3Na
Authors: Zhao Lin , Zhou Xinyu , Zhang Kemeng , Han Siyu , Wu Ge
Published: June 2024

Herein, we describe an electrochemical strategy that enables the aminotrideuteromethylthiolation of isocyanides with anilines and CD3SSO3Na, providing an unprecedented route to access S-CD3 isothioureas in satisfactory yields.
Silver incorporated SeTe nanoparticles with enhanced photothermal and photodynamic properties for synergistic effects on anti-bacterial activity and wound healing
Authors: Ullah Irfan , Khan Shahin Shah , Ahmad Waqar , Liu Luo , Rady Ahmed , Aldahmash Badr , Yu Changyuan , Wang Yushu
Published: June 2024

Synthesis of SeTe–Ag NPs with excellent photothermal and photodynamic properties for bacterial infection and wound healing therapy.
Designing novel anti-plasmodial quinoline–furanone hybrids: computational insights, synthesis, and biological evaluation targeting Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase
Authors: Choudhary Deepika , Rani Poonam , Rangra Naresh Kumar , Gupta Girish Kumar , Khokra Sukhbir Lal , Bhandare Richie R. , Shaik Afzal B.
Published: June 2024

Drug Designing strategies in search for novel and parasite specific antiplasmodial agents.
Captivating nano sensors for mercury detection: a promising approach for monitoring of toxic mercury in environmental samples
Authors: Nikkey  , Swami Suman , Sharma Neelam , Saini Ajay
Published: June 2024

This review comprehensively provides insight into the extensive spectrum of nano-sensor development for mercury detection.
Fluoride frameworks as potential calcium battery cathodes
Authors: Tekliye Dereje Bekele , Sai Gautam Gopalakrishnan
Published: June 2024

Computational exploration and discovery of fluoride-based weberites and perovskites as positive electrodes for calcium batteries, an important next-generation energy storage technology.
A novel thiophene-linked metalloporphyrin conjugated polymer: a highly efficient trifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting and oxygen reduction
Authors: Lu Song , Ying Jiadi , Liu Tiancun , Wang Yeqing , Guo Min , Shen Qi , Li Qing , Wu Yong , Zhao Yafei , Yu Zhixin
Published: June 2024

A thiophene-linked porphyrin (TP) conjugated polymer that serves as a support for anchoring single transition metal atoms (TM–N4/TP) exhibits trifunctional merit for the HER/OER/ORR.
Balancing the triple conductivity of zinc-doped cathodes for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Deng Xiangbo , Zhang Mingming , Gao Yang , Fu Min , Wang Qian , Zhu Yuxuan , Tao Zetian
Published: June 2024

The Zn-doped BCF36 cathode boosts proton conductivity, lowers hydration energy and achieves a peak power density of 998.6 mW cm−2 at 600 °C with a polarization resistance of 0.151 Ω cm2 for a single cell with the BCFZ10 cathode.
Advances in skin gene therapy: utilizing innovative dressing scaffolds for wound healing, a comprehensive review
Authors: Karimzadeh Fatemeh , Soltani Fard Elahe , Nadi Akram , Malekzadeh Rahim , Elahian Fatemeh , Mirzaei Seyed Abbas
Published: June 2024

Gene-activated matrices are versatile and novel technologies to treat skin wounds. This approach offers a promising avenue for targeted treatment strategies in skin health care.
Organic plasmonics: PEDOT nanoparticles are getting closer to the visible range
Authors: Bléteau Pierre , Gam-Derouich Sarra , Sun Xiaonan , Lacroix Jean-Christophe
Published: June 2024

PEDOT Nanoparticles, generated by the combined use of e-beam lithography and electropolymerization show, after secondary doping, unprecedented LSPR maximum close to the visible range.
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in cancer: a promiscuous enzyme, a redox regulator, and a metabolic co-conspirator
Authors: Leverett Betsy , Austin Shane , Tan-Arroyo Jason
Published: June 2024

Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is an essential enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle that functions in cellular respiration and redox homeostasis. Recent studies indicate that MDH facilitates metabolic plasticity in tumor cells, catalyzing the formation of an oncometabolite, contributing to altered epigenetics, and maintaining redox capacity to support the rewired energy metabolism and biosynthesis that enables cancer progression. This minireview summarizes current findings on the unique supporting roles played by MDH in human cancers and provides an update on targeting MDH in cancer chemotherapy.
FSErasing: Improving Face Recognition with Data Augmentation Using Face Parsing
Authors: Kawai Hiroya , Ito Koichi , Chen Hwann-Tzong , Aoki Takafumi
Published: June 2024

We propose original semantic labels for detailed face parsing to improve the accuracy of face recognition by focusing on parts in a face. The part labels used in conventional face parsing are defined based on biological features, and thus, one label is given to a large region, such as skin. Our semantic labels are defined by separating parts with large areas based on the structure of the face and considering the left and right sides for all parts to consider head pose changes, occlusion, and other factors. By utilizing the capability of assigning detailed part labels to face images, we propose a novel data augmentation method based on detailed face parsing called Face Semantic Erasing (FSErasing) to improve the performance of face recognition. FSErasing is to randomly mask a part of the face image based on the detailed part labels, and therefore, we can apply erasing‐type data augmentation to the face image that considers the characteristics of the face. Through experiments using public face image datasets, we demonstrate that FSErasing is effective for improving the performance of face recognition and face attribute estimation. In face recognition, adding FSErasing in training ResNet‐34 with Softmax using CelebA improves the average accuracy by 0.354 points and the average equal error rate (EER) by 0.312 points, and with ArcFace, the average accuracy and EER improve by 0.752 and 0.802 points, respectively. ResNet‐50 with Softmax using CASIA‐WebFace improves the average accuracy by 0.442 points and the average EER by 0.452 points, and with ArcFace, the average accuracy and EER improve by 0.228 points and 0.500 points, respectively. In face attribute estimation, adding FSErasing as a data augmentation method in training with CelebA improves the estimation accuracy by 0.54 points. We also apply our detailed face parsing model to visualize face recognition models and demonstrate its higher explainability than general visualization methods.
A mm‐wave LNA employing current re‐use and non‐linearity cancellation in 28 nm CMOS for automotive RADAR and 6G receivers
Authors: Kalita Ellora , Khan Barha , Rahman Mustafijur
Published: June 2024

This letter reports an 85 GHz low noise amplifier (LNA) employing derivative superposition based non‐linearity cancellation and a current re‐use topology. The LNA employs a two‐stage stacked architecture, each featuring neutralized differential pairs utilizing the same DC current. In derivative superposition, an auxiliary branch consisting of neutralized differential pairs cells is added in the LNA in parallel to stage 1 to ensure non‐linearity cancellation. Layout‐based capacitive neutralization is implemented to improve GMAX, resulting in simplified routing, reduced parasitics, and a more compact layout. The proposed LNA is fabricated in TSMC 28 nm CMOS process and achieves a peak gain of 8.4 dB at 84.2 GHz with a measured 3 dB bandwidth () from 79.4 to 92 GHz. The minimum measured noise figure is 12.8 dB. The LNA draws 34 mA of DC current from a 1.2 V supply. The highly linear LNA with IIP3 +6.5 dBm is tailored for automotive RADAR and 6G receivers.
SAGP: A spectral attention‐based global pooling
Authors: Yu Xiang , Xu Longzheng , Han Yi , Geng Zhe , Zhu Daiyin
Published: June 2024

Pooling operations, essential for neural networks, reduce feature map dimensions while preserving key features and enhancing spatial invariance. Traditional pooling methods often miss the feature maps' alternating currentcomponents. This study introduces a novel global pooling technique utilizing spectral self‐attention, leveraging the discrete cosine transform for spectral analysis and a self‐attention mechanism for assessing frequency component significance. This approach allows for efficient feature synthesis through weighted averaging, significantly boosting TOP‐1 accuracy with minimal parameter increase, outperforming existing models.
Regulation of mixed convective flow in a horizontal channel with multiple slots using P, PI, and PID controllers
Authors: Debnath Sonjoy Chandra , Chowdhury Shuvo , Asaduzzaman Md , Nahar Most. Naznin , Sattar Ankita Binte , Saha Sumon
Published: June 2024

This study numerically investigates mixed convective cooling in a two‐dimensional horizontal channel containing periodically heated blocks by applying proportional (P), proportional‐integral (PI), and proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controllers. Three different controller configurations regulate the amount of cold air entering the chamber. The air's non‐dimensional temperature is continuously monitored at the set point to compare the controllers’ performance, and the percentage of overshoot and the steady‐state error are analysed. The investigated chamber comprises one inlet and two exit ports, a temperature sensor, and two heated blocks that are isotherm heat sources. The Galerkin finite element approach computationally solves the equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to analyse the thermo‐fluid phenomena occurring within the chamber. Parametric simulation is carried for different values of the proportional gain (Kp = 0.005, 0.010, 0.050 m s−1 K−1), the integral gain (Ki = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 m s−2 K−1), the derivative gain (Kd = 10−5, 10−4, 10−3 m K−1) to achieve a consistent and expeditious response. Variations of Reynolds, Richardson, and mean Nusselt numbers with time are plotted to compare the system's performance. The investigation indicates that the PI controller produces a comparable level of performance with the PID controller, reducing the necessity to add a derivative controller.
The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey
Authors: Seppi R. , Comparat J. , Ghirardini V. , Garrel C. , Artis E. , Sánchez A. G. , Liu A. , Clerc N. , Bulbul E. , Grandis S. , Kluge M. , Reiprich T. H. , Merloni A. , Zhang X. , Bahar Y. E. , Shreeram S. , Sanders J. , Ramos-Ceja M. , Krumpe M.
Published: June 2024

Context. The spatial distribution of galaxy clusters provides a reliable tracer of the large-scale distribution of matter in the Universe. The clustering signal depends on intrinsic cluster properties and cosmological parameters.

Aims. The ability of eROSITA on board Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) to discover galaxy clusters allows the association of extended X-ray emission with dark matter haloes to be probed. We measured the projected two-point correlation function to study the occupation of dark matter haloes by clusters and groups detected by the first eROSITA all-sky survey (eRASS1).

Methods. We created five volume-limited samples probing clusters with different redshifts and X-ray luminosity values. We interpreted the correlation function with halo occupation distribution (HOD) and halo abundance matching (HAM) models. We simultaneously fit the cosmological parameters and halo bias of a flux-limited sample of 6493 clusters with purity > 96%.

Results. We obtained a detailed view of the halo occupation for eRASS1 clusters. The fainter population at low redshift (S0: L̄X = 4.63 × 1043 erg s−1, 0.1 < z < 0.2) is the least biased compared to dark matter, with b = 2.95 ± 0.21. The brightest clusters up to higher redshift (S4: L̄X = 1.77 × 1044 erg s−1, 0.1 < z < 0.6) exhibit a higher bias b = 4.34 ± 0.62. Satellite groups are rare, with a satellite fraction < 14.9% (8.1) for the S0 (S4) sample. We combined the HOD prediction with a HAM procedure to constrain the scaling relation between LX and mass in a new way, and find a scatter of ⟨σLx⟩ = 0.36. We obtain cosmological constraints for the physical cold dark matter density ωc = 0.12−0.02+0.03 and an average halo bias b = 3.63−0.85+1.02.

Conclusions. We modelled the clustering of galaxy clusters with a HOD approach for the first time, paving the way for future studies combining eROSITA with 4MOST, SDSS, Euclid, Rubin, and DESI to unravel the cluster distribution in the Universe.
Investigation of a sensitive, selective and cost-effective electrochemical meso-porous silicon based gas sensor for NO2 detection at room temperature
Authors: Azaiez Khaoula , Mhamdi Hela , Zaghouani Rabia Benabderrahmane , Fiorido Tomas , Lazzari Jean-Louis , Bendahan Marc , Dimassi Wissem
Published: June 2024

This work presents a nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensor based on porous silicon with improved sensitivity, selectivity, and cost-efficiency. Porous silicon is being researched as an alternative material for gas sensors operating at room temperature (RT), making it suited for low-consumption applications. Meso-porous silicon (meso-PS) films were prepared on p+ type Si (100) using an electrochemical method for NO2 gas sensing. Morphology, structural and optical properties of meso-PS films were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The gas sensing response of meso-PS samples was performed at RT with top parallel Al electrodes in the range of 4–10 ppm of NO2 gas. The tested sensor showed high normalized response (Rair/Rgas = 40 for 4 ppm to 100 for 10 ppm) thanks to its high surface/volume ratio, good repeatability and reversibility, fast response (40 s) and recovery times (18 s), and good selectivity for NO2 versus NH3, O3 and CO. All these performances obtained at RT are encouraging for low-power devices.
Psychosoziale Versorgung von Menschen mit Migrations- und/ oder
Fluchtgeschichte – (k)eine Selbstverständlichkeit?
Authors: Glaesmer Heide , Nesterko Yuriy , Nohr Laura
Published: June 2024

Wir freuen uns, als Interessengruppe (IG) für Transkulturelle Klinische Psychologie
und Psychotherapie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs) Sie zur Lektüre
dieses Themenheftes einzuladen. Die IG gründete sich im Jahr 2017 im Rahmen der
Fachgruppe Klinische Psychologie, um Themen rund um Migration und psychische
Gesundheit gezielt in den Fokus von klinischer und psychotherapeutischer Forschung
und Praxis zu nehmen. Seitdem arbeiten interessierte Kolleg*innen im
deutschsprachigen Raum gemeinsam daran, kontext- und diskriminierungssensibel zu
forschen, Bedürfnissen von Menschen mit Migrations- und/ oder Fluchtgeschichte in
Forschung und psychotherapeutischer Versorgung gerechter zu werden und entsprechende
Konzepte in Lehre, Weiterbildung und Praxis zu verankern. Mit diesem Themenheft
möchten wir Ihnen einen Einblick in unsere wissenschaftliche Arbeit geben und
gleichzeitig auf aus unserer Sicht zentrale gesellschaftliche und berufspolitische
Herausforderungen hinzuweisen.
Akzeptanz und Bewertung unidirektionaler Höranlagen im Rahmen
ambulanter sowie (teil-)stationärer gerontopsychiatrischer
Versorgung
Authors: Leicher Barbara , Buschert Verena Caroline , Belkahia Monia , Winter Sarah , Scherbaum Norbert , Benninghoff Jens
Published: June 2024

Ziel der Studie In der der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Nutzung und
subjektiver Gewinn bei unter Hörbeeinträchtigung im Alter leidenden
Patient:innen in der gerontopsychiatrischen Versorgung, die temporär angebotene
hörverbessernde Maßnahmen in Form unidirektionaler Höranlagen zur Verfügung
gestellt bekommen haben, untersucht. Gleichzeitig bewerteten die
Mitarbeiter:innen die Handhabung und Akzeptanz der hörverbessernden
Maßnahmen.

Methodik Bei ambulanten und (teil-)stationären Patient:innen (n=151)
wurden im Zeitraum von Oktober 2022 bis Juli 2023 das aktuelle subjektive
Hörvermögen sowie die Nutzung von konventionellen Hörgeräten mit einem
Selbstbeurteilungs-Fragebogen erfasst. Nach Einsatz unidirektionaler Höranlagen
in Diagnostik und Behandlung für vier bis sechs Wochen wurde bei 21
Patient:innen, die die Höranlagen nicht genutzt hatten, nochmals das Hörvermögen
erfragt sowie bei aktiven Nutzer:innen (n=34) und Mitarbeitenden (n=24) die
Erfahrungen mit den hörverbessernden Maßnahmen mittels Fragebögen
untersucht.

Ergebnisse Von 151 eingeschlossenen Patient:innen (79,2 Jahre, 62,1%
weiblich) nahmen 147 Patient:innen und 24 Mitarbeitende (79,2% weiblich) an der
Untersuchung teil. Subjektive Hörbeeinträchtigungen wurden von 50 Patient:innen
(34,0%) angegeben. Bei 93 Patient:innen (63,2%) war das Hörvermögen bereits
einmal abgeklärt worden. Eine empfohlene Behandlung mit konventionellen
Hörgeräten erfolgte bei 34 der Befragten (23,1%). Ebenfalls 34 Patient:innen
(23,1%) nutzten das Angebot hörverbessernder Maßnahmen. Alle 34 Nutzer:innen
sowie alle teilnehmenden Mitarbeitenden bewerteten die eingesetzten Höranlagen,
wobei die Bewertung überwiegend positiv ausfiel.

Schlussfolgerung Hörschädigungen bei gerontopsychiatrischen Patient:innen
sind häufig und oftmals nicht ausreichend mit konventionellen Hörgeräten
behandelt, hörverbessernde Maßnahmen werden aber nur begrenzt in Anspruch
genommen. Die überwiegend positiven Ergebnisse bei Nutzer:innen hörverbessernder
Maßnahmen sprechen für deren Implementierung in die ambulante und
(teil-)stationäre gerontopsychiatrische Routineversorgung.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Acquired Coagulation Factor Deficiencies: An Evidence-Based Review of Japanese Practice
Authors: Ichinose Akitada , Osaki Tsukasa , Souri Masayoshi
Published: June 2024

Among the acquired coagulation factor deficiencies, autoimmune coagulation factor deficiencies (AiCFD) are rare and result from autoantibody production against coagulation factors. In Japan, a nationwide survey on AiCFD has been conducted since 2009. Autoimmune factor XIII, factor VIII, von Willebrand factor, factor V, and factor X deficiencies (AiF13D, AiF8D, AiVWFD, AiF5D, and AiF10D, respectively) have been enacted as “designated intractable disease-282.” The incidence of AiF8D, AiF13D, and AiF5D was 1.83, 0.044, and 0.038 per million people/year, respectively, whereas that of AiVWFD and AiF10D was not calculable owing to the small number of patients. AiF13D and AiF8D were often idiopathic, whereas AiVWFD was often associated with plasma cell neoplasms. Epistaxis was a characteristic symptom of AiVWFD, intramuscular bleeding was frequent in AiF13D and AiF8D, and subcutaneous bleeding (purpura) was frequent in AiF13D and AiF10D, although none were specific to any one disease. Differential diagnosis cannot be made based on bleeding symptoms alone; therefore, rapid and accurate testing is mandatory. Definitive diagnosis of AiCFD necessitates identifying the presence of coagulation factor “inhibitors” and/or “autoantibodies.” Therefore, these tests should be performed upon unexplained severe acquired coagulation factor deficiencies. The mainstay of treatment for AiCFD was hemostatic therapy and autoantibody eradication therapy, which included the replacement of coagulation factors or “bypass” agents and administration of immunosuppressants. The rate of hemorrhagic death was high in AiF13D (13%), followed by AiF5D (7%) and Ai10D (5%); therefore, early diagnosis and optimal treatment are essential for AiCFDs. Given the unknown long-term prognosis, “intractable disease platform registries” have begun to accumulate in Japan.
Demonstration of 0−π transition in Josephson junctions containing unbalanced synthetic antiferromagnets
Authors: Korucu D. , Loloee Reza , Birge Norman O.
Published: June 2024

Josephson junctions containing ferromagnetic (F) materials have been the subject of intense study over the past two decades. The ground state of such junctions oscillates between 0 and π as the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer increases. For some applications, it might be beneficial to replace a very thin F layer with an unbalanced synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) consisting of two F layers of different thicknesses whose magnetizations are coupled antiparallel to each other. According to theory, such a system should behave similarly to a single F layer whose thickness is equal to the difference of the two F-layer thicknesses in the SAF. We test that theoretical prediction with Josephson junctions containing unbalanced Ni/Ru/Ni SAFs, keeping the thickness of one layer fixed at 2.0 nm and varying the thickness of the other layer between 2.0 and 5.0 nm. We observe the first 0−π transition at a thickness difference of 0.86 nm, which closely matches the position of the transition observed previously using single Ni layers.
APCalign: an R package workflow and app for aligning and updating flora names to the Australian Plant Census
Authors: Wenk Elizabeth H. , Cornwell William K. , Fuchs Anne , Kar Fonti , Monro Anna M. , Sauquet Hervé , Stephens Ruby E. , Falster Daniel S.
Published: June 2024

Here we present ‘APCalign’, an R package and accompanying browser-sourced application to align and update scientific names for Australian vascular plants to the most likely currently accepted name in the Australian Plant Census (APC) or a name in the Australian Plant Names Index (APNI). Scientific names are the label assigned to unique taxon concepts by the scientific community, but this common terminology is most useful if a taxon concept is consistently referred to by the same name. These links can be broken because of either spelling mistakes or taxonomic changes. Automated tools are required to resolve taxon lists, aligning and updating long lists of possibly erroneous scientific names to the most likely currently accepted names. It is essential that tools specific to the APC/APNI be developed, because these lists specify an endorsed national-level nomenclature used in government legislation and include the uniquely Australian concept of phrase names, absent in global taxonomic datasets. To align input names to names within the APC or APNI, ‘APCalign’ works progressively through a sequence of checks that combine different permutations of the input name, exact versus fuzzy matches, matches that consider the entire name input versus a subset of words, and character strings that indicate a name can be resolved only to a genus or family. The aligned names are then, when possible, updated to a currently accepted taxon concept within the APC. This package should facilitate all research outputs that require diverse scientific name lists to be merged or outdated lists to be updated.
Fueling the heartbeat: Dynamic regulation of intracellular ATP during excitation–contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes
Authors: Rhana Paula , Matsumoto Collin , Fong Zhihui , Costa Alexandre D. , Del Villar Silvia G. , Dixon Rose E. , Santana L. Fernando
Published: June 2024

The heart beats approximately 100,000 times per day in humans, imposing substantial energetic demands on cardiac muscle. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an essential energy source for normal function of cardiac muscle during each beat, as it powers ion transport, intracellular Ca
2+
handling, and actin–myosin cross-bridge cycling. Despite this, the impact of excitation–contraction coupling on the intracellular ATP concentration ([ATP]
i
) in myocytes is poorly understood. Here, we conducted real-time measurements of [ATP]
i
in ventricular myocytes using a genetically encoded ATP fluorescent reporter. Our data reveal rapid beat-to-beat variations in [ATP]
i
. Notably, diastolic [ATP]
i
was <1 mM, which is eightfold to 10-fold lower than previously estimated. Accordingly, ATP-sensitive K
+
(K
ATP
) channels were active at physiological [ATP]
i
. Cells exhibited two distinct types of ATP fluctuations during an action potential: net increases (Mode 1) or decreases (Mode 2) in [ATP]
i
. Mode 1 [ATP]
i
increases necessitated Ca
2+
entry and release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and were associated with increases in mitochondrial Ca
2+
. By contrast, decreases in mitochondrial Ca
2+
accompanied Mode 2 [ATP]
i
decreases. Down-regulation of the protein mitofusin 2 reduced the magnitude of [ATP]
i
fluctuations, indicating that SR-mitochondrial coupling plays a crucial role in the dynamic control of ATP levels. Activation of β-adrenergic receptors decreased [ATP]
i
, underscoring the energetic impact of this signaling pathway. Finally, our work suggests that cross-bridge cycling is the largest consumer of ATP in a ventricular myocyte during an action potential. These findings provide insights into the energetic demands of EC coupling and highlight the dynamic nature of ATP concentrations in cardiac muscle.
In-cell multi-nucleon transfer reactions at the FRS Ion Catcher
Authors: Constantin P , Dickel T , Karpov A V , Amanbayev D , Balabanski D , Geissel H , Mahajan K , Mardor I , Mollaebrahimi A , Plaß W R , Rotaru A , Saiko V V , Scheidenberger C , Spătaru A , State A , Zhao J ,   the Super-FRS Collaboration
Published: June 2024

An exploratory program to establish the multi-nucleon transfer (MNT) reaction as a new research direction at the FRS Ion Catcher (FRS-IC) has started at GSI. Its long term goal is the use of secondary exotic beams from the Super-FRS to drive MNT reactions. The near term goal is to perform proof-of-principle cross section and mass measurements with slowed-down 238U beams on targets inside the FRS-IC gas cell. The experimental efficiencies and expected rates are estimated using production cross sections from the Langevin MNT model followed by simulations of the full setup. The impact of the space charge effect inside the gas cell is evaluated in detail.
Green synthesis of nano zero-valent iron doped on bimetallic Ti/Mo-MOF for highly sensitive Peroxidase like colorimetric detection of Cholesterol and antioxidant/antimicrobial efficiencies
Authors: Syed Asad , Badraldin Sarah Qutayba , Bahkali Ali H , Mohammed Sami , Athab Ayat H , Wang Shifa , Wong Ling Shing , Fallah Amer Ramadan , Janani Baadal Jushi
Published: June 2024

In this research paper, we report a clean and simple approach for the phytosynthesis of nanoparticles zero-valent iron (nZVI) through the in situ reduction of Fe2+ to Fe0 using red cabbage extract. These nZVI were then loaded onto a Ti/Mo-MOF nanostructure, resulting in the formation of a novel nZVI@Ti/Mo-MOF nanocomposite. To synthesize the nanoparticles zero-valent iron, we utilized red cabbage extract as a reducing agent. Subsequently, the synthesized nanoparticles zero-valent iron were incorporated into a Ti/Mo-MOF to create the nZVI@Ti/Mo-MOF nanocomposite. The characterization of the biosynthesized nZVI@Ti/Mo-MOF nanocomposite was conducted using UV–vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, FESEM, and EDS. The nZVI@Ti/Mo-MOF nanocomposite was used to sensitive peroxidase colorimetric sensing of cholesterol. Under optimal conditions, the cholesterol concentration range was investigated from 1.0 nM to 100.0 nM, which that show a linear relationship with detection response. The detection limit of the nZVI@Ti/Mo-MOF sensor is 6.24 nM. Furthermore, we investigated the antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity of the nZVI@Ti/Mo-MOF nanocomposite and its constituents against four bacterial strains as well as two fungal strains. Additionally, the nanocomposite demonstrated superior antioxidant properties compared to other synthesized compounds and paves a way for manufacturing innovation.
Radiation back-reaction during dark-matter freeze-out via metastable bound states
Authors: Vasilaki Christiana , Petraki Kalliopi
Published: June 2024

The formation and decay of metastable bound states can deplete significantly the density of multi-TeV thermal-relic dark matter. The effect depends on the interplay of bound-state formation, ionisation, transition and decay processes. Existing calculations take into account bound-state ionisation and excitations due to the radiation of the thermal bath. However, the dynamics of Hydrogen recombination suggests that the resonant radiation produced in bound-state formation or de-excitations may backreact, ionising or exciting the bound states thus impeding recombination. In this paper we examine this effect in the context of dark-matter freeze-out. To this end, we employ the generalised Saha equilibrium equation for metastable bound states, and discuss its salient features. We show that, in sharp contrast to Hydrogen recombination, the radiation produced during dark matter freeze-out is more likely to thermalise or redshift, rather than ionise or excite the metastable bound states.
This holds not only for the low-energy (resonant) radiation produced in bound-state formation and transition processes, but also for the high-energy radiation produced in dark-matter annihilations and bound-state decays. While our computations are carried out in a minimal dark U(1) model, our conclusions only strengthen in more complex models.
Quasinormal modes and ringdown waveforms of a Frolov black hole
Authors: Song Zhijun , Gong Huajie , Li Hai-Li , Fu Guoyang , Zhu Li-Gang , Wu Jian-Pin
Published: June 2024

In this paper we investigate scalar perturbation over a Frolov black hole (BH), which is a regular BH induced by the quantum gravity effect. The quasinormal frequencies of a scalar field always consistently reside in the lower half-plane, and the time-domain evolution of the field demonstrates a decaying behavior, with the late-time tail exhibiting a power-law pattern. These observations collectively suggest the stability of a Frolov BH against scalar perturbation. Additionally, our study reveals that the quantum gravity effect leads to slower decay modes. For the case of the angular quantum number l = 0, the oscillation exhibits non-monotonic behavior with the quantum gravity parameter α
0. However, once l ≥ 1, the angular quantum number surpasses the influence of the quantum gravity effect.
Restoration of Vector Magnetization Image from Vector Scanning-SQUID Microscope Measurement
Authors: Hayashi Masahiko , Ishida Takekazu , Shishido Hiroaki , Dang Vu The , Kawamata Shuichi
Published: June 2024

A generalized mathematical framework to treat image data measured by the scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) microscope using a three-dimensional vector pickup coil is presented. The blurring of the images originating from the effects of diamagnetism due to the superconductivity of the sensor, the non-zero sensor size, and the finite sensor-to-sample separation are numerically reduced. We use a lattice model of the measurement system, and singular value decomposition and the Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse matrix are employed to handle ill-conditioned matrices we encounter in the numerical processes. Based on a numerical model, measurement of the vector magnetization distributed on a sample surface, and the image restoration using the present procedure are demonstrated.
Enhancement of critical current densities by co-doping with Zr, Sn and Ce for Gd123 thin films fabricated by fluorine-free MOD method
Authors: Ishii Ryota , Sato Kodai , Masuda Hayato , Miura Osuke
Published: June 2024

We have fabricated GdBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films co-doped several types of BaMO3 (M=Zr, Sn, Ce) artificial pinning centers with different lattice constants and Young’s modulus from 2.0 to 5.0 mol% on LaAlO3 single crystal substrates by the FF-MOD method. When several types of BaMO3 are simultaneously introduced into Gd123 films by the FF-MOD method, Ba required for BaMO3 crystal growth is shared among them, each crystal growth is suppressed, and thus the crystals become finer and denser. This resulted in a remarkable enhancement of the critical current densities in magnetic fields. The maximum J
c of 16.57 MA cm-2 at 0 T and 1.97 MA cm-2 at 3.0 T, 30 K obtained for the Gd123 film introduced three types of BaMO3 (M=Zr, Sn, Ce) with 4.0 mol% were 1.22 and 1.76 times larger than those for the film with the same amount of BaCeO3. This method shows a new strategy to improve Jc
in magnetic fields of REBCO.
Automatic Cell Placement for Josephson Transmission Lines in a Cell-Based Layout Design Environment for RSFQ Circuits
Authors: Kito Nobutaka
Published: June 2024

This study proposes a method for automatically tiling appropriate Josephson transmission line (JTL) cells for a given set of paths. Digital RSFQ circuits have been commonly designed in a cell-based design environment. The RSFQ cell library contains pre-designed fragments of JTLs as cells. Appropriate JTL cells are selected and tiled. This method formulates the problem as an instance of integer linear programming (ILP). Subsequently, instances are solved using a solver program. The method generates the tiling of cells according to the solver result. The number of Josephson junctions for JTLs, delay of paths, or weighted sum of such parameters is represented as a linear function and can be optimized. The proposed method performed JTL cell-tiling for several circuits, including a full adder. The runtime was within one second.