bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os hipogeus 1 e 2 do sítio do Monte do Malheiro 2 (Selmes, Vidigueira, Beja, Portugal) do Neolítico final/Calcolítico: práticas funerárias e estudo antropológico dos restos ósseos humanos exumados
Authors: Mendes Melo Linda Elisabete , Silva Ana Maria
Published: December 2018

Em Março de 2012, durante os trabalhos no Bloco de Rega de Selmes (Sítio Monte do Malheiro 2, Vidigueira, Beja) foram descobertos dois hipogeus. Estes, distanciados entre si cerca de 5m, datam do Neolítico final. O espólio ósseo humano recuperado encontrava-se muito incompleto e com um elevado grau de fragmentação. O objectivo deste trabalho é documentar as práticas funerárias nestes dois sepulcros pré-históricos e obter algumas inferências antropológicas dos indivíduos depositados nestes túmulos.Do Hipogeu 1, foram recuperados três adultos em articulação e dois não adultos em contexto desarticulado. Um aspecto peculiar é a ausência total de restos ósseos cranianos neste Hipogeu permitindo sugerir manipulação óssea. O espólio arqueológico recuperado inclui lâminas em sílex, enxós e machados. No antebraço do enterramento 2 foi ainda recuperada uma pulseira de Glycymeris glycymeris, e entre as falanges das mãos do enterramento 1, 5 falanges de Ovis/Capra. Todos os achados, ósseos e arqueológicos encontravam-se tingidos por um pigmento avermelhado.No Hipogeu 2 foram identificados um indivíduo adulto em conexão anatómica e mais um adulto e dois não adultos em contexto desarticulado. Não foi recuperado qualquer espólio arqueológico deste Hipogeu que apresentava ainda indícios de perturbações antigas.

Funerary practices and anthropological analysis of the human remains exhumed from the late Neolithic/Chalcolithic hypogea 1 and 2 of Monte Malheiro 2 (Selmes, Vidigueira, Beja, Portugal) - During the archaeological intervention at the “Blocos de Rega de Selmes” (Vidigueira, Beja -Portugal) in “Sítio Monte do Malheiro 2,” two hypogea were discovered. Both revealed human osteological remains dated to the Late Neolithic. The human skeletal remains from both hypogea were very incomplete and display a high level of fragmentation. The aim of the present paper is to document the funerary practices and obtain some anthropological inferences about the human remains unearthed from these two Hypogea.From Hypogeum 1, five individuals were exhumed, three adults (in situ) and two non-adults disarticulated. One peculiar aspect in this Hypogeum is the total absence of cranial bones, which suggest the practice of bone manipulation.Grave goods from this tomb include axes, polished stone adzes and flint blades. In the forearm of skeleton 2, a bracelet of Glycymeris glycymeris was recovered and among the human phalanges of individual 1, 5 phalanges of Ovis/Capra.From Hypogeum 2 it was possible to recovered one skeleton in anatomical connection, and a group of disarticulated bones corresponding to a minimum number of three individuals (one adult and two non-adults). No grave goods were recovered. Signs of old perturbations were registered.
O uso da madeira na mineração e metalurgia do ouro durante a época romana em Portugal
Authors: Braz Martins Carla Maria
Published: December 2018

A madeira foi uma matéria-prima importante para a exploração mineira e metalurgia no período romano, embora as suas evidências arqueológicas no actual território português sejam escassas, atendendo ao material perecível que é. A mineração consubstanciada na exploração subterrânea apresenta bastantes constrangimentos, particularmente ao nível da segurança, e daí a necessidade de usar escoramentos de madeira em galerias e poços. Este árduo trabalho obriga o mineiro a munir-se de todo um conjunto de instrumentos de ferro encabados por madeira. O evoluir dos trabalhos, por norma através de vários níveis de profundidade, impõe também a necessidade de utilização desta matéria-prima em escadas, assim como em máquinas elevatórias para extracção da água quando se atingem os lençóis freáticos. No tratamento do minério, este material continua também a ser imprescindível, como o descrito por Agrícola para as instalações de separação gravítica. No âmbito do processo metalúrgico, a madeira era a fonte de combustível dos fornos. Não sendo, obviamente, a condição única em todo este processo industrial, a madeira assume-se inequivocamente como uma infra-estrutura (vastas áreas florestadas) importante na exploração mineira “proto-industrial” romana. Deste modo, define-se como objectivo principal deste trabalho caracterizar as diferentes funcionalidades das madeiras provenientes das minas de Mouros (Jales, Vila Pouca de Aguiar), Tresminas (Vila Pouca de Aguiar), Algares (Aljustrel) e S. Domingos, atendendo às duas diferentes fases que estão adstritas à exploração mineira: extracção do minério e sua metalurgia. Os sítios arqueológicos referidos assumem-se como quatro referências na exploração aurífera romana em Portugal, sendo o ouro explorado como minério principal em Jales e Tresminas, e como minério secundário em S. Domingos e Aljustrel, já que a extracção principal recai sobre o cobre.
Wood and building construction in the Convent of Vilar de Frades (Barcelos, Portugal): the beam systems of the 16th century
Authors: Pereira António
Published: December 2018

The monastic and conventual complex of S. Salvador de Vilar de Frades, located in the municipality of Barcelos (Portugal), has an attested occupation since the 11th century. As a result of the different constructive phases, the current edification integrates a diversified group of material and raw material applied according to different construction techniques.

Through a methodological approach that favours the intersection between different types of sources, the present article aims to analyse wood as building construction material in Vilar de Frades, namely in the beam systems of the 16th century, as well as in the long-term articulation between liturgical furniture and the edification.
Neolithic ditched enclosures in Southern Portugal (4th millennium BC): new data and new perspectives
Authors: Valera António Carlos , Simão Inês , Nunes Tiago , Do Pereiro Tiago , Costa Cláudia
Published: December 2018

This paper presents some new contextual data on five Neolithic ditched sites located in Alentejo hinterland (Perdigões, Horta do Pinheiro 6, Horta Nova 4, Estácio 6 and Cortes 1). An inventory of the available radiocarbon dates for the Neolithic (with twelve new dates) is provided and several aspects on the arising and early developments of the regional ditched enclosures are debated, e.g. spatial distribution, construction procedures, social re-cutting practices, infilling and depositional processes, diversity and possible relation among megalithic structures and ditched enclosures.

Recintos de fossos neolíticos no Sul de Portugal (IV milénio AC): novos dados e novas perspectivas - O texto apresenta os dados contextuais recentemente obtidos para cinco sítios neolíticos com fossos localizados no interior alentejano (Perdigões, Horta do Pinheiro 6, Horta Nova 4, Estácio 6 e Cortes 1), reúne um inventário das datações de radiocarbono disponíveis para recintos de fossos neolíticos (publicando doze novas datas) e aborda vários aspectos relativos à emergência e desenvolvimento inicial dos recintos de fossos na região: distribuição espacial, processos construtivos, práticas sociais de recorte, processos de enchimento e deposições, diversidade e uma possível relação entre recintos megalíticos e recintos de fossos são várias das questões discutidas.
A anta dos Currais do Galhordas (Castelo de Vide, Alto Alentejo, Portugal): Arquitetura, cronologia e análise química de resíduos orgânicos de recipientes cerâmicos
Authors: Monteiro-Rodrigues Sérgio , Oliveira César
Published: December 2018

Recorrendo à cromatografia gasosa com deteção por massa, analisaram-se os conteúdos orgânicos extraídos de três vasos da anta dos Currais do Galhordas, monumento erigido na segunda metade do 4º milénio cal BC e reutilizado, pelo menos, no 3º e no 2º milénios cal BC.Ao que tudo indica, os três vasos relacionam-se com a reutilização mais recente do monumento megalítico, durante o Bronze Pleno (2º milénio cal BC). Em dois vasos identificaram-se vestígios de uva ou frutos vermelhos e peixe; no terceiro detetaram-se restos de gordura animal, possivelmente leite, associado a óleos de plantas. Os resultados obtidos a partir dos três recipientes cerâmicos estão em concordância com os observados por outros autores em amostras de época genericamente idêntica, recolhidas em áreas geográficas relativamente próximas da anta dos Currais do Galhordas.

The megalithic tomb of Currais do Galhordas (Castelo de Vide, Alto Alentejo, Portugal): Architecture, chronology and chemical analysis of the organic content of ceramic vasesThe organic content of three ceramic vases uncovered in the megalithic tomb of Currais do Galhordas (Central Eastern Portugal) – a monument built in the second half of the 4th millennium cal BC and reused in the 3th and in the 2nd millennia cal BC – was analysed by gas-chromatography with mass detection. The vases are allegedly connected with the latest use of the monument, during the Bronze Age (2nd millennium cal BC). Two of them presented traces of grapes or red fruits, together with fish; the third vase exhibited animal fat remains, possibly milk, associated with plant oils. Our results are compatible with other data from Iberian archaeological sites of identical period, in some cases located relatively close to the megalithic tomb of Currais do Galhordas.

Keywords: Anta dos Currais do Galhordas; Organic content in vases; Megalithism; Alto Alentejo.
A relutância das populações rurais às influências orientalizantes do 1º milénio a.C.: Evidências zooarqueológicas na margem direita do médio Guadiana, Portugal
Authors: Nabais Mariana , Costa Claudia , Mataloto Rui , Calado Manuel
Published: December 2018

As intervenções arqueológicas em várias ocupações rurais datadas do 1º milénio a.C. na margem direita do curso médio do rio Guadiana, em Portugal, levadas a cabo no âmbito do plano de salvaguarda da Barragem de Alqueva, permitiram a recolha de cinco conjuntos zooarqueológicos provenientes da Rocha do Vigio 2, Espinhaço de Cão 1, Monte dos Musgos 10, Malhada dos Gagos 13 e Malhada das Mimosas 2. O estudo arqueofaunístico demonstrou uma marcada dependência dos animais domésticos, como o gado bovino e ovino/caprino. A actividade cinegética está presente no Bronze Final, mas mal documentada nos momentos mais antigos da Idade do Ferro, para de novo emergir no final do 1º milénio a.C. Ainda que os vestígios marinhos estejam ausentes dos conjuntos estudados, estes deveriam ser conhecidos e utilizados pela população que, no início da Idade Ferro, parece manter contactos com o litoral, como indicado pela presença de moluscos e peixes marinhos em alguns dos sítios, como no Castro da Azougada. Os conjuntos faunísticos estudados inserem-se num modelo económico rural de subsistência e de gestão animal característico dos momentos anteriores aos contactos orientalizantes e que parecem perdurar até ao dealbar da romanização.

The reluctance of rural populations to foreign influences in the 1st millennium B.C.: Zooarchaeological evidences from the right side of the middle-course of the river Guadiana, PortugalRescue archaeological works conducted in several rural sites dated from the 1st millennium BC in the right bank of the middle-course of river Guadiana, Portugal, motivated by the construction of the Alqueva Dam, allowed the recovery of five zooarchaeological assemblages from Rocha do Vigio 2, Espinhaço de Cão 1, Monte dos Musgos 10, Malhada dos Gagos 13 and Malhada das Mimosas 2. The zooarchaeological study of such assemblages showed a strong dependence on domestic animals, such as cattle and ovicaprines. Hunting practices were identified in the Late Bronze Age, but they were rarely recognised in the Early Iron Age. However, hunting becomes more frequent by the end of the 1st millennium BC. Despite the absence of marine resources within the studied faunal assemblages, they should have been known and used, considering that contacts with the littoral were kept since the Early Iron Age, as shown by the presence of marine molluscs and marine fishes in sites such as Castro da Azougada. The zooarchaeological assemblages here presented are part of an economic model of rural subsistence and animal management that are typical of the moments prior to oriental influence, and that seem to last until the beginning of Romanization.
Camellones e agricultura pré-hispânica na Sabana de Bogotá-Colômbia: um exemplo de gestão da água em áreas inundáveis
Authors: Rodríguez-Gallo Lorena
Published: December 2018

O objetivo central do presente artigo foi o de analisar o sistema hidráulico de campos elevados de cultivo, camellones, construído ao longo de 2500 anos por populações pré-hispânicos da Sabana de Bogotá, Colômbia. A análise focou a relação estabelecida entre estas populações e a água, de modo a explicar os mecanismos pelos quais essa interação levou à construção duma paisagem agrícola, em particular no que diz respeito ao aproveitamento de recursos e de ocupação do território, durante o período Muisca Tardío (1000-1550 DC). A discussão baseou-se na perspectiva teórica da arqueologia da paisagem e esteve apoiada na metodologia da fotointerpretação bem como na análise de dados arqueológicos, paleo-ambientais e de documentação colonial, conseguindo assim concluir que o sistema de camellones foi o resultado da inter-relação homem-meio, pela qual as populações pré-hispânicas criaram uma forma de viver num meio alagado, fazendo da água o eixo e a rede de ligação entre os canais, plataformas para o cultivo, assentamentos, áreas de caça, de pesca e de mitigação das enchentes.

Camellones and pre-hispanic agriculture in the Sabana de Bogotá-Colombia: an example of water management in flooded areasThe central theme of this article is the hydraulic system of raised fields, camellones, built throughout 2,500 years by the Prehispanic populations of the Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. The analysis focused on the relationship established between these populations and water, in order to explain the mechanisms by which this interaction led to the construction of an agricultural landscape, in particular regarding the use of resources and the occupation of the territory, during the Late Muisca period (1000-1550 AD). The discussion was based on the theoretical perspective of landscape archeology and was supported by the methodology of photointerpretation as well as the analysis of archaeological, paleoenvironmental and colonial documentation data, thus concluding that the camellones system was the result of interrelationship man-environment, whereby the Pre-Hispanic populations created a way of living in a flooded environment, making water the axis and the network of connection between channels, cultivation platforms, settlements, hunting, fishing and flood mitigation areas .

Keywords: Raised-fields, Muiscas, Sabana of Bogotá, prehispanic agriculture, landscape archaeology
Modeling Social Networks as Mediators: A Mixed Membership Stochastic Blockmodel for Mediation
Authors: Sweet Tracy M.
Published: December 2018

There are some educational interventions aimed at changing the ways in which individuals interact, and social networks are particularly useful for quantifying these changes. For many of these interventions, the ultimate goal is to change some outcome of interest such as teacher quality or student achievement, and social networks act as a natural mediator; the intervention changes the social networks of the teachers in schools, and teachers with certain types of social networks tend to use better teaching practices, for example. Due to lack of methodology, however, social networks have not been modeled as mediators. We present a new framework for modeling social networks as mediators in which a social network model is embedded into a mediation model and both models are estimated simultaneously. As a proof of concept, we introduce a new network model for mediation, applicable for interventions that affect subgroup structure. We provide a small simulation study to demonstrate the feasibility of this model and explore some potential operating characteristics. Finally, we apply our model to examine the effects of instructional coaches on teacher advice-seeking networks and subsequent changes in beliefs about mathematics.
perkembangan nilai gotong royong dari zaman ke zaman
Authors: 11418002 Renggatama Satya Renata BK
Published: December 2018

Negara kesatuan Republik Indonesia mempunyai para pendiri yang pemikirannya sangat pintar. Para pendiri saling bertukar pikiran untuk mencari dasar yang kuat untuk indonesia demi mempersiapkan kemerdekaan. Salah satu tokoh yang paling berkesan dan terkenal namanya sampai sekarang adalah Soekarna bapak dari anak yang bernama Megawati. Pancasila dan nilai gotong royong yang diusulkan soekarno seharusnya menjadi jiwa dan nilai dasar-dasar dari rakyat indonesia, karena nilai yang terkandung didalam pancasila akan menentukan,orientasi, tujuan, nafas bangsa Indonesia itu sendiri dan berbahasa. Gotong Royong merupakan filsafat hidup bersama-sama rakyat-rakyat Indonesia. Rakyat-rakyat Indonesia memperhitungkan angka-angka. Ekasila yang berisikan Gotong Royong yang merupakan cetusan Filosofi juga. Gotong Royong merupakan ciri khas yang dimiliki Bangsa Indonesia di Bumi Pertiwi ini yang mementingkan kebersamaan. Negara yang memiliki semangat gotong royong harus menghapus nilai Individualisme dan membedakan golongan terutama ras.
Kasus Guru yang Meninggal karena Muridnya di Sampang Ditinjau dari Teori Actus Humanus dan Hati Nurani Sesat
Authors: Agustin Amelia
Published: December 2018

Dari tahun ke tahun penurunan moral di Indonesia dikalangan pelajar semakin menjadi-jadi. Penurunan moral ini disebabkan oleh derasnya arus globalisasi yang masuk ke negara kita. Bukannya kita menolak, namun alangkah lebik baik kita menyaring. Karena jika kita tidak menyaring hal-hal yang berbau global, itu akan berdampak parah terhadap kita. Seseorang harus patuh terhadap orang tua, seperti halnya patuh terhadap guru. Dari kronologi kejadian, bisa disimpulkan bahwa penanaman pendidikan moral sejak dini sangat diperlukan. Agar terhindar dari tindakan anak yang bisa dikatakan durhaka terhadap orang tua. Perlu kepedulian serta kasih sayang orang tua terhadap anak. Oleh karenanya mendidik anak untuk menjadi mandiri sangat penting.
Situation awareness as a determinant for unsafe actions and subjective risk assessment on offshore attendant vessels [Safety Science, 2017]
Authors: Sætrevik Bjørn , Hystad Sigurd William
Published: December 2018

Situation awareness (SA) is often argued to be a “sharp end” indicator of workplace safety, in the sense that inaccurate SA may be the proximal cause for operator error. However, traditional field or lab experiment measures of SA are difficult to combine with large-scale data collections to examine organizational influences on SA and the safety outcomes of SA. In the current study, offshore attendant vessel crew’s SA was measured with a self-report scale. Authentic leadership was modelled as a predictor, while self-report of committing unsafe actions at work and subjective risk assessment were modelled as outcome measures. Structural equation modelling showed the captain's leadership style to account for variation in SA and some variation in unsafe actions. Further, SA accounted for variation in unsafe actions and in subjective risk assessment. The study supports the assumption that SA has a crucial role in maritime safety.
PENGARUH IKLIM KERJA, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KREATIVITAS PEGAWAI TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PADA BADAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: FITRIANA RIRI NUR
Published: December 2018

Abstrak, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besarnya pengaruh iklim kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai, untuk menganalisis besarnya pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai, untuk menganalisis besarnya pengaruh kreativitas pegawai terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai, dan untuk menganalisis besarnya pengaruh iklim kerja, motivasi kerja dan kreativitas pegawai terhadap produktivitas kerja pegawai. Teori iklim kerja yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada pendapat Wirawan, teori motivasi kerja yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada pendapat Sutrisno, teori kreativitas pegawai yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada pendapat Munandar, dan teori produktivitas kerja yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada pendapat KasimMetode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif melalui penyebaran kuesioner, dengan jumlah populasi sebesar 78 dan sampelnya adalah 78 orang responden (sampel jenuh)Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan SPSS versi 24 menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan iklim kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi Banten sebesar 9,8%, terdapat pengaruh signifikan motivasi kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi Banten sebesar 57,4%, terdapat pengaruh signifikan kretivitas kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi Banten sebesar 19,2%, dan terdapat pengaruh signifikan iklim kerja, motivasi kerja dan kreativitas kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap produktivitas kerja pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi Banten sebesar 86,4% sisanya 13,6% merupakan faktor lain yang tidak ditelitiKata kunci : iklim kerja, motivasi kerja, kreativitas pegawai dan produktivitas kerja
OSTEOARTHRITIS LUTUT DISEBABKAN OLEH SALAH SATU FAKTOR METABOLIK YAITU OBESITAS
Authors: Masruri Nur Fajriya Humaira
Published: December 2018

Osteoartritis merupakan penyakit tersering yang menyebabkan timbulnya nyeri dan disabilitas gerakan pada populasi usia lanjut. Penyakit ini menyebabkan nyeri dan disabilitas pada pasien sehingga mengganggu aktifitas sehari-hari dan menimbulkan dampak sosial ekonomi yang berat. Prevalensi osteoartritis juga semakin bertambah. Seperempat dari seluruh populasi perempuan dan seperlima dari seluruh populasi laki-laki dengan usia lebih dari 60 tahun dapat terkena osteoartritis. Salah satu faktor resiko dari osteoarthritis lutut adalah obesitas atau kegemukan dan orang yang mengalami obesitas rentan terhadap terjadinya osteoarthritis lutut bila terjadi cedera pada lutut akibat menopang berat badan yang berlebih sehingga harus menurunkan berat badan dan menjalani latihan atau terapi secara rutin.
Tackling Initial Centroid of K-Means with Distance Part (DP-KMeans)
Authors: Ilham Ahmad
Published: December 2018

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Analis Pengetahuan Penjamah Makanan Terkait Higiene Sanitasi Makanan
Authors: Dogas Maria Helena Edita
Published: December 2018

Kantin adalah layanan khusus yang menyediakan makanan dan minuman untuk siswa dan staf yang berlokasi ditempat-tempat yang merupakan bagian dari gedung kampus itu sendiri. Tetapi tidak hanya kantin, warung makan juga ada di kampus. Warung makanan biasanya dipojokkan di kampus atau memiliki tempat sendiri diluar kantin kampus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian phenomonologi dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah penjamah makanan, manajer toko dan perawat kesehatan lingkungan sebagai informan ahli. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara kelompok fokus dan diskusi untuk siswa. Peneliti adalah instrumen utama penelitian dengan dibantu dosen dan pewawancara. Teknik analisis data yang merepresentasikan tampilan data, reduksi data dan reduksi kesimpulan. Triagulasi yang digunakan untuk mengolah data validitas adalah sumber dan cara triagulasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : pengetahuan tentang kebersihan hanya mencapai pencapaian kesadaran (tahu dan mengerti).
IEEE 802.11 Tutorial
Authors: Kiramat
Published: December 2018

IEEE 802.11 is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communications. Maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) LAN/MAN Standards Committee (IEEE 802). This document highlights the main features of IEEE 802.11n variant such as MIMO, frame aggregation and beamforming along with the problems in this variant and their solutions
ANALISIS VARIASI ARUS PADA HASIL PENGELASAN BAJA KARBON RENDAH DENGAN ELEKTRODA E 7018 TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN KEKERASAN JALUR LAS
Authors: Irzal  , Hariyadi Yudy , syahrul
Published: December 2018

Kekuatan hasil lasan dipengaruhi oleh tegangan busur, besar arus, kecepatan pengelasan, besarnya penembusan dan polaritas listrik. Penentuan besarnya arus dalam penyambungan logam menggunakan las busur mempengaruhi efisiensi pekerjaan dan hasil las. Untuk mendapatkan kualitas sambungan yang baik diperlukan penentuan arus yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai kekuatan tarik dan nilai kekerasan pada plat baja karbon rendah TRS 400 setelah di las menggunakan elektroda E 7018 dengan beberapa variasi arus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang menganalisis kekuatan tarik dan nilai kekerasan hasil pengelasan baja karbon rendah TRS 400 menggunakan variasi tiga arus pengelasan, yaitu: 70 A, 80 A, dan 90 A. Spesimen yang digunakan dari bahan yang berupa plat baja TRS 400 dengan ketebalan 8 mm yang telah di las menggunakan elektroda E 7018. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kekuatan tarik dengan menggunakan arus 70 A sebesar 58,43 (kgf/mm²). Arus 80 A sebesar 59,48 (kgf/mm2). Dan arus 90 A sebesar 58,82 (kgf/mm2), sedangkan rata-rata nilai kekerasan spesimen menggunakan arus 70 A sebesar 182,67 (kg/mm²), 80 A sebesar 190 (kg/mm²), dan 90 A sebesar 197 (kg/mm²). Hasil pengelasan dengan elektroda E 7018 memiliki kekuatan tarik yang ideal adalah dengan arus pengelasan 80 A, sedangkan nilai kekerasan yang tertinggi terdapat pada kuat arus 90 A.
Relevansi pidato Soekarno 1 Juni 1945 pada prinsip Ketuhanan
Authors: 32318403 Aqilla fadia
Published: December 2018

Relevansi Pancasila Ketuhanan pada 1 Juni 1945 memuat tentang konflik yang terjadi sejak sebelum Indonesia merdeka, yaitu saat masih dalam kekuasaan Belanda dan Jepang hingga Indonesia merdeka terdapat banyak perdebatan politik saat sidang menentukan rumusan dasar negara yang terletak pada prinsip Ketuhanan dimana saat rumuasan pertama dibuat oleh Soekarno yang menempatkan sila Ketuhanan diurutan kelima sedangkan pada urutan pertama Soekarno menempatkan prinsip Kebangsaan, itu menyebabkan berbagai konflik dalam sidang pada saat itu kemudian mengubahnya kembali dalam Piagam Jakarta yang mengubah sila Ketuhanan menjadi barada di urutan pertama tetapi menambahkan tujuh kalimat yang terkasan membeda-badakan agama, kemudian mengubahnya kembali dengan menghilangkan ketujuh kalimat tersebut tetapi masih ada saja yang belum bisa menerimanya hingga pada sehari setelah mengumumkan Kemerdekaan (Proklamasi) yaitu pada 18 Agustus 1945 disahkan rumusan pancasila yang dimuat dalan pembukaan UUD 1945.
Phototransformation of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) Surfactant Using ZnO-CuO Composite Photocatalyst
Authors: Zainul Rahadian , Effendi Jon , Mashuri
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of composition ratio of precursor and mass of ZnO-CuO for photodegradation of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate. Material synthesis is done by solid stated process. The ZnO-CuO composite was characterized using DRS-UV and FTIR. The percentage of degradation was obtained from the absorbance value measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The ZnO-CuO composite photodegradation activity in 2: 1 ratio was 54.71% for 105 minutes irradiation. The degradation percentage of ZnO-CuO composites have higher photocatalytic activity than single ZnO (53.64 %) and CuO (52.21 %) semiconductors in degrading LAS.
KASUS GURU YANG MENINGGAL KARENA MURIDNYA DI SAMPANG DITINJAU DARI TEORI ACTUS HUMANUS DAN HATI NURANI SESAT
Authors: Agustin Amelia
Published: December 2018

Dari tahun ke tahun penurunan moral di Indonesia dikalangan pelajar semakin menjadi-jadi. Penurunan moral ini disebabkan oleh derasnya arus globalisasi yang masuk ke negara kita. Bukannya kita menolak, namun alangkah lebik baik kita menyaring. Karena jika kita tidak menyaring hal-hal yang berbau global, itu akan berdampak parah terhadap kita. Seseorang harus patuh terhadap orang tua, seperti halnya patuh terhadap guru. Dari kronologi kejadian, bisa disimpulkan bahwa penanaman pendidikan moral sejak dini sangat diperlukan. Agar terhindar dari tindakan anak yang bisa dikatakan durhaka terhadap orang tua. Perlu kepedulian serta kasih sayang orang tua terhadap anak. Oleh karenanya mendidik anak untuk menjadi mandiri sangat penting.
Microstuctural Analysis and Optical Properties of Nanocrystalline Cerium Oxides Synthesized by Precipitation Method
Authors: Putri Gusliani Eka , Arief Syukri , Jamarun Novesar , Gusti Feni Rahayu , Zainul Rahadian
Published: December 2018

Nanocrystalline cerium oxide is synthesized by precipitation method using a mixture of water solvent and isopropanol with a ratio of 1: 6 at room temperature has been successfully synthesized. Nanocrystalline cerium oxide was characterized by using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), DRS UV-Vis Analytic, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD results showed the peak intensity of Cerium Oxide (CeO2) was absorbed at an angle of 2Ɵ which is 28.7o, 33.2 o, 47.5 o, 56.7 o, 59.2 o, 69.5 o, 76.8 o, 79 , 1o, 88.3 o, and 95.5 o. The size of cerium oxide crystals was calculated using the debye schrerer equation and obtained a crystal size value of 11.04 - 99.19 nm. Based on the XRD data it can be concluded that the crystal size is included in the nanocrystal category with a size range of 1-100 nm. Microstructure results were analyzed by SEM and TEM showing rounded cerium oxide particles clumping like fine crystals. Optical properties of nanocrystalline cerium oxide were analyzed by DRS UV-Vis Analytic which showed that cerium oxide absorbs UV light at wavelengths of 200, 245 and 290 nm with an energy band gap value of 2.43 eV.
PANDANGAN PANCASILA MENGENAI ADANYA ISU SARA DAN HOAX MENJELANG PILPRES 2019
Authors: 32318428 Sinta Ambar Sukmawati
Published: December 2018

Menjelang pemilihan presiden 2019 banyak timbul isu - isu sara dan hoax, dimana hal tersebut sangat tidak relevan dengan nilai - nilai yang terkandung dalam pancasila, banyak pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab mengambil kesempatan tersebut unruk meraup keuntungan demi kepentingannya sendiri, dengan menyebar berita palsu tanpa memikirkan akibat yang terjadi setelahnya, banyak konflik yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat Indonesia yang menyebabkan perpecahan dimana – mana, karena Indonesia bukanlah Negara yang kecil, melinkan Negara dengan beragam suku dan agama, masyarakat Indonesia harus berhati – hati terhadap informasi apapun, tetap berlandaskan pancasila agar kehidupan yang damai, aman, dan sejahtera dapat terwujud di bumi Indonesia.
Kasus : Pengeroyokan Supporter Persija (The Jack) Oleh Supporter Persib (Bobotoh)
Authors: Laksono Ignatius Bagas
Published: December 2018

Haringga korban pengeroyokan Supporter Persib telah meninggalkan banyak duka. Para pelaku telah diamankan pihak kepolisian dan akan diadili. Seluruh pelaku merupakan supporter dari tim sepak bola Persib Bandung. SMasalah pengeroyokan ini saya kaitkan dengan materi Hati Nurani yang Sesat. Disini dikatakan bahwa para supporter menuruti suara hati mereka, namun perbuatan ini merupakan suatu kejahatan yang harus diproses secara hukum. Para pelaku harus diadili karena melakukan tindak pengeroyokan terhadap Haringga sang korban dari supporter Persija Jakarta yang ikut menonton tim kesayangannya bertanding di kandang lawan yaitu di Gelora Bandung Lautan Api yang berada di Bandung, namun naas sebelum Haringga mendukung Tim kesayangannya dia dikeroyok massa dan meninggal di tangan para supporter Persib Bandung yaitu Bobotoh.
No Evidence that Experiencing Physical Warmth Promotes Interpersonal Warmth: Two Failures to Replicate Williams and Bargh (2008)
Authors: Chabris Christopher F. , Heck Patrick Ryan , Mandart Jaclyn , Benjamin Daniel Jacob , Simons Daniel J.
Published: December 2018

Williams and Bargh (2008) reported that holding a hot cup of coffee caused participants to judge a person’s personality as warmer, and that holding a therapeutic heat pad caused participants to choose rewards for other people rather than for themselves. These experiments featured large effects (r = .28 and .31), small sample sizes (41 and 53 participants), and barely statistically significant results. We attempted to replicate both experiments in field settings with more than triple the sample sizes (128 and 177) and double-blind procedures, but found near-zero effects (r = –.03 and .02). In both cases, Bayesian analyses suggest there is substantially more evidence for the null hypothesis of no effect than for the original physical warmth priming hypothesis.
Synesthetic Associations Between Voice and Gestures in Preverbal Infants: Weak Effects and Methodological Concerns
Authors: Anikin Andrey , Rudling Maja , Persson Tomas , Gärdenfors Peter
Published: December 2018

Adult humans spontaneously associate visual features, such as size and direction of movement, with phonetic properties like vowel quality and auditory pitch. A number of recent studies have claimed that looking time in preverbal infants reveals the same associations, which would indicate that some cross-modal correspondences are the result of perceptual biases. Here we tested 30 infants of age 7-13 months, who were exposed to pairs of audiovisual stimuli presented first sequentially and then side by side. The stimuli consisted of a visual object (computer-animated ball or filmed human hand) moving sinusoidally, vertically, or in a U-shape and accompanied by a sliding voice-like tone. Sequential presentation revealed no preference for either audiovisual synchrony or synesthetic congruency, while side-by-side presentation revealed a small preference for incongruent stimuli. The effect of congruency was similar for the animated ball and filmed human hand. These findings extend the results of previous research on pitch-motion synesthesia in preverbal infants, which used animations and sliding whistles, to more ecologically relevant stimuli such as voice and gestures. If infants and adults share the same preferences for non-arbitrary mappings between manual gestures and intonation, this could indicate that cross-modal correspondences facilitate language acquisition. On the other hand, a critical survey of the field revealed that previous studies of audiovisual cross-modal correspondences in infants suffer from replication failures due to poor robustness of the reported effect with respect to experimental stimuli and testing procedure. We therefore argue that the research on cross-modal correspondences in infants would profit from using alternative testing methods in addition to preferential looking and call for replication of previously reported congruency effects.
The substructure of phonics: The visual form of letters and their paradigmatic English pronunciation are systematically related
Authors: Jee Hana , Tamariz Monica , Shillcock Richard
Published: December 2018

We demonstrate, for the first time, significant systematicity between the visual form of lettersof the Roman alphabet and their paradigmatic English pronunciation. We measure the visual distance between letters as Hausdorff distance and the phonological distance between their pronunciations as feature-edit distance. These two sets of distances are significantly positively correlated: letters that look the same tend to be pronounced the same. We discuss the implications for the teaching of the alphabetic principle in learning to read.
Embarking on discovering the mechanisms of resilience: combining language use analysis with neuroscience.
Authors: Cunha Catarina , Todorov German I. , Mayilvahanan Karthikeyan
Published: December 2018

Novel treatments in mental health focus on one’s ability to recover and develop resilience. Current concepts are based on The Adaptations Level Theory, which describes the ability of resilient individuals to accustom to new and even downgraded conditions as the new standard, find meaning in trauma, and adapt to new social settings. However, it is not known which treatments specifically help to build up resilience in patients and how to reliably screen for it. Recent studies demonstrated that distinct patterns of language use correlated with various mental health conditions. Utilizing text samples from the Holocaust survivors, we studied language use in resilient individuals compares to people with PTSD and general population. Holocaust survivors' language use was significantly different from PTSD sufferers, which suggests that we detected a possible resilience word use pattern. Next, we looked into the brain circuitry mechanisms that could be involved in resilience. We found that norepinephrine, the key neurotransmitter in stress response, modulated the activity of amygdala circuitry in a non-linear concentration-dependent manner. The shape and other characteristics of this dependency could be associated with the capacity for resilience.
Alienation in a Four Factor World
Authors: Silver Daniel
Published: December 2018

This paper aims to reconstruct the concept of alienation as a live topic for active social theorizing. Joining Marxian and Simmelian ideas, it provides a multi-dimensional, formal, and synthetic theory of alienation. The paper develops a set of theoretical tools for articulating formal elements of action that make alienation possible, without giving conceptual priority to alienation in the sphere of production, or within that sphere to the alienation of labor. These tools make it possible to derive classical notions of alienation as specific, contingent combinations of multiple elements, theorizing them as concrete socio-historical configurations of a broader universe of possibilities. They also organize systematic reflection on various forms and relations of alienation; not only those between for instance labor and capital, but also among all four factors of production: land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. The paper accordingly develops an original, multi-dimensional theorization of alienation for a complex, pluralistic world.
Revisiting the ‘6-month’ liver transplant rule for alcohol-associated liver disease: It is time for a change but not without a sound policy first
Authors: Sirpal Sanjeev , Yoshida Eric M , Chandok Natasha
Published: December 2018

There is historical reluctance in the medical community to offer liver transplantation to patients with alcoholic liver disease. Transplant programs broadly follow a policy that requires abstention from alcohol for a minimum of 6 months. This policy, however, is at odds with data that supports improved survival in patients with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis (SAAH). Ethicists, the public, and the transplant community must make a concerted effort to forge an updated transplant policy for SAAH that better reflects current scientific evidence for earlier transplant in well-selected recipients without unfair advantage to those of high socioeconomic status.
Representative Institutions and the Question of Lefortian Democracy
Authors: Conti Gregory
Published: December 2018

Claude Lefort’s interests as a democratic theorist primarily lied elsewhere than in institutional questions. This essay, however, takes up what commentary he did provide on representative institutions to offer a new interpretation of his thought. Focusing in particular on little-studied writings of his from the late 1980s, this essay argues that at the institutional level Lefort was committed to a descriptive account of representation, based in a network of associations beyond the electoral sphere,that resembled earlier liberal and pluralist theories. This revised understanding of Lefort raises broader questions about the democratic credentials of Lefort’s theory, which are too often taken for granted, and suggests that he fits comfortably within longstanding liberal traditions of thought about inclusive, deliberative government.
From Pétain to Pinochet: Raymond Aron, Henry Kissinger, and the Problem of Political Realism
Authors: Stewart Iain
Published: December 2018

This article re-examines the origins and implications of Raymond Aron’s brand of political realism. Its starting point is the private correspondence between Aron and Henry Kissinger in the wake of the Chilean coup of 1973 and the demise of the Greek military dictatorship the following year. At issue in this exchange was the idea that an authentic political realism must take values seriously. The article traces the origins of this vision of political realism to Aron’s peripheral involvement in neo-radical and neo-socialist political movements in the late 1920s, thereby challenging the view that Aron’s arrival at intellectual ‘maturity’ required a radical break with his early politics. It then returns to the Greek and Chilean crises so as to illustrate and problematize Aron’s theory of international relations as applied to real world politics before finally considering how Aron’s response to these crises was informed by his views on earlier crises of French democracy in 1934-7 and 1958.
Présidentielle de 1848 : Tocqueville vote Cavaignac
Authors: Lacam Jean-Patrice
Published: December 2018

Quelques jours après la révolution de février 1848, l’orléaniste Tocqueville accepte la République. Son acceptation du nouveau régime, bien réfléchie, se fait sans arrière-pensée. Par contre, elle est conditionnée. Certes, il veut bien soutenir la République, mais pas n’importe quelle république. Sa république, qu’il qualifie de « modérée », est libérale au niveau politique (État de droit, décentralisation, séparation des pouvoirs et parlementarisme) et conservatrice du point de vue social (respect de la propriété privée et maintien des hiérarchies sociales). Depuis le mois de juin 1848, c’est le général Cavaignac qui, à la tête du Gouvernement, défend les couleurs de ce modèle républicain. Tocqueville qui ne veut entendre parler ni de la république sociale des démocrates-socialistes ni de la république autoritaire de Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, décide, malgré quelques réticences, de soutenir la candidature de Cavaignac à l’élection présidentielle des 10 et 11 décembre 1848. C’est un échec. Mais son combat pour installer la « république modérée » va se poursuivre pendant encore trois ans, jusqu’au coup d’État du 2 décembre 1851.
Raymond Aron and the Prospect of a German Nuclear Armament
Authors: Mouric Joël
Published: December 2018

Was the Federal Republic of Germany, as Stanley Hoffmann once put it, “the country that [had] most deliberately chosen to put independence after safety”? In the early sixties, his friend Raymond Aron alluded to the possibility of a West German nuclear armament, while chancellor Adenauer was eager to leave open the possibility thereof. Such a hypothesis, which contradicts Aron’s reputation as a prudent strategist, should be put in historical perspective. Back in 1960, nuclear weapons were not only the crux of the East-West balance of power, but also a matter of the highest importance for the West European nation-states: Britain, France and Western Germany. This article, with reference to Marc Trachtenberg’s A constructed peace, analyzes Aron’s views on a West German nuclear armament at the global and European levels. It suggests that, while Aron was empathetic towards the German longing for reunification and equality of rights epitomized in the controversial vision of a national deterrent, he was simultaneously convinced that the existing balance of power would rule out both aspirations.
Considerações sobre a gestão democrática e participativa na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica
Authors: Castaman Ana Sara , Rodrigues Ricardo Antonio
Published: December 2018

O presente ensaio tem por finalidade refletir acerca da gestão escolar democrática e participativa na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT). Para tanto, pautado em uma abordagem qualitativa e em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, este estudo discute dialeticamente os seguintes pontos: os princípios que orientam a gestão escolar democrática em instituições na EPT e os mecanismos de participação democrática na EPT. Entende-se que a gestão escolar democrática precisa continuamente reelaborar e redirecionar seus princípios, reavaliar seus mecanismos de participação e fazer do poder uma possibilidade e um empoderamento dos sujeitos que constituem a comunidade escolar. Por parte da gestão deve haver sempre esse duplo cuidado, de que a instituição seja germe de uma sociedade igualitária e estimular os profissionais da educação a se envolverem nas questões acerca da constituição de uma organização democrática. Uma gestão democrática favorece a divergência, a controvérsia, a pluralidade de ideias e a solidifica-se no intuito de uma sociedade livre, justa e solidária. O diálogo reflexivo constitui-se como antídoto para evitar a autocracia, a oligarquia e as tiranias que não são e nem serão privilégio de uma determinada cultura ou época. As inúmeras contradições que desafiam a EPT não podem ser minimizadas, precisam ser enfrentadas do ponto de vista teórico e prático, mas para tal, deve ser formado um consenso mínimo em torno da gestão para que embora tenha tantas diferenças de concepções e visões, não se perca o foco daquilo que é o papel humano e social de uma instituição que forma para a EPT.
Museu-escola: produção do guia didático interdisciplinar do museu antares de ciência e tecnologia/observatório astronômico antares
Authors: Da Silva Milena Pereira , Poppe Paulo Cesar da Rocha
Published: December 2018

O presente estudo busca estreitar a relação museu-escola através de um estudo de caso de um espaço não-formal de ensino: Museu Antares de Ciência e Tecnologia (MACT), parte integrante do Observatório Astronômico Antares (OAA), situado na cidade de Feira de Santana-BA. Investigações realizadas anteriormente demonstraram que o público do MACT/OAA é constituído principalmente por estudantes da Educação Básica. Diante disso, desenvolvemos um guia didático interdisciplinar para auxiliar o professor (com seus estudantes) no processo antes, durante e depois da visita ao MACT/OAA. A proposta, caracterizada como qualitativa exploratória inclui 4 etapas: (i) a apresentação dos atuais recursos (exposições) presentes no MACT/OAA, (ii) associação entre os recursos e as disciplinas de Ciências e de Matemática das escolas e (iii), acompanhamentos de visitas ao espaço, elaboração do guia, e aplicação de atividades com os professores visitantes. Através dos dados analisados, é perceptível a contribuição do instrumento para planejamento, execução e realização de atividades antes, durante e após a experiência museal, promovendo uma liberdade para o professor abordar as atividades de acordo com a turma, assim como aos conteúdos apresentados nas disciplinas, favorecendo possibilidades de unir estes com as abordagens que ocorrem durante a visita ao espaço não-formal. Divulgar tais espaços e implementá-los de forma mais consistente ao ensino formativo tradicional, o qual atualmente abrange basicamente o ambiente escolar, contribui para uma divulgação científica lúdica e interdisciplinar de modo a promover uma formação crítica da sociedade em geral.