bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Moisture Ratio of a Mushroom Undergoing Microwave-vacuum Drying Using Artificial Neural Network and Regression Models
Authors: Poonnoy Poonpat , Tansakul Ampawan , Chinnan Manjeet
Published: November 2007

The drying rate of a mushroom undergoing microwave-vacuum (MV) drying (MVD) was controlled by moisture dissipation and was dependent on vacuum pressure levels. The main objective of this work was to develop artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict moisture ratio of MV-dried mushrooms. One-hidden-layer feed-forward ANN models were trained and validated with experimental data. The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was utilized in regulating the ANN model weights and biases. Inputs for ANN models were vacuum pressure and drying time. Output from ANN models was moisture ratio at a given drying time. Reduced chi-square (X 2) and root mean square error (RMSE), and residual sum of squares (RSS) of the results from ANN models were calculated and compared with those of a modified Page's model (an experimental-based mathematical model), which is commonly used in the literature. The X 2, RMSE, and RSS of the ANN model (2.272 x 10 -5, 4.023 x 10 -3, and 3.204 x 10 -3, respectively) were found to be lower than those of the modified Page's model (6.692 x 10 -4, 2.561 x 10 -2, and 12.98 x 10 -2, respectively). These results indicate that the feed-forward ANN model represented the drying characteristics of mushrooms better than the modified Page's model. Therefore, the ANN model could be considered as a better tool for estimation of the moisture content of mushrooms than by the modified Page's model.
The Equilibrium Network: A New Approach for Simulation and Visualization of Aqueous Electrolyte Systems
Authors: Schausberger Paul , Schoeggl Karl , Chen Vicki , Friedl Anton
Published: November 2007

A new simulation method for investigating mixed aqueous electrolyte systems at thermodynamic equilibrium is presented. Based on the commercial simulation package IPSEpro, a graphical procedure for assembling equilibrium systems followed by simultaneous solution of the underlying equation system was developed. At graphical setup, species and reactions objects are connected by the information of activity and stoichiometry in a network-like manner. Consequently, the resulting equations of mass action, the electro-neutrality and balance conditions are solved incorporating the Pitzer activity coefficient model and equilibrium constants from thermodynamic standard data. The method developed allows fast and flexible application of the complex thermodynamic principles to engineering tasks. The modeling approach and all basic models for graphical input and simultaneous solution of coupled equilibrium conditions are explained. For demonstration of the simulation method, example simulations for the systems of H2SO4-H2O, CaSO4-H2SO4-H2O and NaCl-CaSO4-CO2-H2O are described and evaluated successfully.
Prediction of Deposition Patterns in a Pilot-Scale Spray Dryer Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulations
Authors: Kota Kashinath , Langrish Tim
Published: November 2007

This paper presents the predictions of deposition patterns using CFD simulations based on transient-flow behaviour of a 1.6 m high, 0.8 m diameter, pilot-scale spray dryer, following from previous studies assessing the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to predict the deposition on a plate in a simple box configuration. The predicted deposition fluxes here have been compared with experimental data for the deposition fluxes of skim milk, maltodextrin and water. The CFD simulation results suggested that the effect of transient air flows on the vertical patterns of deposition fluxes with distance up the dryer wall for no inlet air swirl is small. The CFD simulations underpredicted the experimental values of the deposition fluxes by approximately 50%, but the simulations predicted the same experimental trends when changing the main air flow rate through the dryer. The experimentally-measured deposition fluxes were 38%, on average, higher at a main air flow rate of 113 kg/h compared with those at a flow rate of 88 kg/h. The CFD simulations predicted an average increase in deposition flux of 26% at 113 kg/h compared with 88 kg/h, so the trends with this change in operating conditions have been predicted well by the CFD simulations. One-way particle coupling has therefore shown correct trends in the deposition fluxes with respect to both positions in the dryer and different operating conditions, and such one-way coupling is several orders of magnitude faster than the more rigorous two-way coupling.
Atkinson-Stiglitz Theorem with Endogenous Human Capital Accumulation
Authors: Naito Hisahiro
Published: November 2007

Recently, researchers have started to re-examine the so-called Atkinson-Stiglitz theorem on optimal commodity taxation. The essence of such research is to examine whether or not it is optimal to distort markets other than the labor market for achieving the second-best resource allocation. I examine this theorem by introducing the comparative advantage of human capital accumulation. More specifically, I assume that people with high ability obtain a higher return from skilled human capital accumulation than people with low ability. I explore the implication of this comparative advantage of human capital accumulation for the Atkinson-Stiglitz theorem on optimal commodity taxation.
Are There Treatment Duration Differences in the Seattle and Denver Income Maintenance Experiments?
Authors: Stephens Melvin
Published: November 2007

This paper re-examines the labor supply responses in the Seattle and Denver Income Maintenance Experiments (SIME/DIME). Specifically, the original experimental results show a significantly larger labor supply response for men and women from dual-headed households in the five-year Negative Income Tax (NIT) treatment relative to those in the three-year NIT treatment. Although typically thought of only as an NIT experiment, the SIME/DIME also included a job training experiment that enrolled roughly 60 percent of households, including both NIT treatment and control households. The original empirical specification imposed strong assumptions on the treatment response to the job training experiment in order to increase the precision of the estimated parameters. Once these assumptions are relaxed, the labor supply differences between men in the three- and five-year NIT treatments fall by over 50 percent in magnitude and become statistically insignificant. The analogous differences for women are almost entirely explained by these specification changes. Whereas the original findings of the SIME/DIME were inconsistent with the standard life-cycle labor supply model, the results of the re-analysis are mostly consistent with the model.
Trade and Development in a Labor Surplus Economy
Authors: Barbier Edward B , Rauscher Michael
Published: November 2007

This paper looks at a model in which two countries trade agricultural and manufactured commodities. The manufactured-goods sector produces with increasing returns to scale under conditions of monopolistic competition. It is shown that an increase in land endowment (or an increase in agricultural productivity) can have negative welfare implications for both countries. This outcome can result under three different scenarios: asymmetries across countries, i.e. a North-South model, a neoclassical labor market instead of a Lewisian market in the home country, and alternative utility functions.
Monotone Comparative Statics in Ordered Vector Spaces
Authors: Jensen Martin K
Published: November 2007

This paper considers ordered vector spaces with arbitrary closed cones and establishes a number of characterization results with applications to monotone comparative statics (Topkis (1978), Topkis (1998), Milgrom and Shannon (1994)). By appealing to the fundamental theorem of calculus for the Henstock-Kurzweil integral, we generalize existing results on increasing differences and supermodularity for C1 or C2 functions. None of the results are based on the assumption that the order is Euclidean. As applications we consider a teamwork game and a monopoly union model.
Competing Gatekeepers
Authors: Lin Yu-Chen
Published: November 2007

We extend the Baye and Morgan (2001) model to study competition between price comparison sites in the information market on the internet. We identify one symmetric sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium in which (1) price comparison sites set the same advertising fees; (2) the same proportion of consumers subscribe to each site; (3) each firm mixes between advertising on all sites and not advertising; and (4) advertised prices are dispersed. The introduction of additional price comparison sites may reduce social welfare and joint profits of price comparison sites. In the equilibrium with each consumer subscribing to one site, as the number of price comparison sites goes to infinity, the information market approaches that without price comparison sites.
Collective Punishments: Incentives and Examinations in Organisations
Authors: Banerjee Priyodorshi
Published: November 2007

The paper investigates the impact of examinations on incentives and decision-making in bureaucracies and similar organisations. When one amongst a group of bureaucrats can be appointed to give policy advice whose outcome affects all parties, with advisory ability increasing in personal effort, a free-riding problem is generated if preferences are aligned, leading to an ex ante inefficiency. Free-riding may be mitigated by an examination with a pass-mark, i.e., a minimum ability requirement as a necessary criterion for advisory appointment. By collectively punishing all experts when maximal ability is low, it raises private incentive to enhance ability, and improves decision quality.
Substitution of lead salts for aluminium salts in the determination of sucrose content in molasses
Authors: Gyura Julianna , Seres Zita , Ber Adrian
Published: November 2007

In the sugar industry analytical practice it is necessary to remove nonsucrose compounds from samples in order to determine sucrose content by polarimetric procedure. These mentioned compounds are removed by sedimentation after adding lead salts. Lead is considered as one of outstandingly strong pollutant of human environment and the living world as a whole. Ways of its environment presence are various. Some industrial branches are very close to this top including on this level even the sugar factories. Toxic effects of lead salts and the intensified concern for protecting the environment imposed the need for finding new sedimentation agents. In this work the influence of molasses quality on nonsucrose compounds sedimentation by aluminium-sulphate was examined. Optimum values of the parameters influencing the sedimentation process were determined. Best results were obtained with aluminium-sulphate at concentration of 0.1227 mol Al/dm3 and pH 6.0.
Influence of carrageenan addition on some technological and sensory properties of smoked pork loin
Authors: Ivanovic Mirjana , Bulatovic Aleksandar , Popov-Raljic Jovanka , Perunovic Marija , Zivkovic Dusan
Published: November 2007

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the presence of different concentrations of GRINSTEDTM Carrageenan CC 250 (0.25%, 0.4% and 0.55% related to the mass of raw material) on selected technological and sensory properties of smoked pork loin. Changes in mass during production process and water content were observed. Sensory evaluation included estimation of cut appearance, consistency, odor, taste, color, tenderness firmness and plasticity. It was found that water retention and muscle structure binding were strongly influenced by carrageenan addition. Depending on applied concentration of preparation, achieved yields varied from 1.08% to 2.06%.
Retention behaviour of acyclic polyfunctional D-arabinose derivatives
Authors: Kolarov Ljiljana , Loncar Eva , Malbasa Radomir
Published: November 2007

It is well known that some of biologically active compounds are chiral molecules. Natural monosaccarides are applicable as chiral precursors. D-arabinose is an appropriate chiral precursor in the synthesis of very important biomolecules such as biotin and its analogues and feromon )-exobrevicomin. Acyclic poly functional D- arabinose derivatives are intermediates in the synthesis of the former biomolecules. This paper deals with the retention behaviour and retention mechanism of acyclic poly functional D-arabinose derivatives. The tested compounds have been chromato graphed on silica gel thin layer using binary organic mobile phases with a different polarity. With increasing polarity of the eluent polar components the solute retention is decreasing. The linear relationship is obtained between the values of retention constant, RM' and the logarithm of the mobile phase polar component volume fraction for all solutes tested and eluents used.
Chronopotentiometric stripping analysis of selenium using mercury film electrode
Authors: Suturovic Zvonimir , Svarc-Gajic Jaroslava , Marjanovic Nikola , Kravic Snezana
Published: November 2007

The influence of the most important experimental factors in chronopotentiometric stripping analysis (CSA) of selenium( IV) using mercury film working electrode was examined. Interferences of copper, iron and lead were investigated as well. The possibility of avoiding prolonged deaeration of the solution was examined by applying medium exchange modification of the technique, where the dissolution of the deposit was performed in calcium-chloride solution. Detection limits obtained for the modification of the CSA with prior deaeration and medium exchange modification were 0.4 ?g/dmJ and 1.15??g/dmJ, respectively. Accuracy of the defined techniques has been confirmed by analysing reference material (RM 8436) -wheat durum flour. The results obtained by applying both modifications of the technique showed a very good agreement of total selenium content with declareted value.
Investigation of the possibilities of phosphogypsum application for building partitioning Walls - elements of a prefabricated house
Authors: Rajkovic Milos , Toskovic Dragan
Published: November 2007

Phosphogypsum is a waste product in the manufacture of phosphoric acid from phosphorite and sulphuric acid by so-called "wet process" and represents a refuse that is as such simply thrown away. Phosphogypsum which is produced by "dihydrating procedure" contains not only various impurties but also radionuclides, which limits its construction use. Performed testings point to the complexity of phosphogypsum structure and composition while the electron microscope's pictures showed its different crystal composition compared to the natural gypsum. The calcined and refined phosphogypsum can be used for partition walls manufacture. To avoid the danger of the possible presence of radionuclides it is better to use the mixture of natural gypsum and phosphogypsum for this purpose. Substantial saving of materials and economic effect can be achieved in this way. The analyse performed in this work have shown significant presence of radionuclides in phosphogypsum. Gammaspectrometric measurements of radioactivity have determined substantial radioactivity of phosphogypsum. Using the maximum tolerated level values that are legally accepted, as well as equations to calculate indexes of tolerated radionuclide presence, an index of 2.23 has been determined for interiors and 1.13 for exteriors, i.e. 0.64 in case of roads. On the basis of the maximum tolerated level of radioactive building materials contamination (< 1), forbiden is the use of phosphogypsum in interiors, allowed (? 1) in exteriors and roads. The tests of heavy metal components in phosphogypsum have proved their presence in the amounts potentially producing consequences if present in closed spaces. That is conditioned by the phosphogypsum quantity, as well as by the area of space partitioned.
Solvent effect on electronic absorption spectra of some 2-aminobenzimidazoles
Authors: Perusic-Janjic Nada , Janjic Jevrem , Podunavac-Kuzmanovic Sanja
Published: November 2007

The effect of protic and aprotic solvents on electronic apsorption spectra of 1-(3-X-benzil)-2-aminobenzimidazoles (X=CH3;OCH3; Cl) was examined. UV-apsorption spectra (200-400 nm) were recorded in five protic and four aprotic solvents. Batochromic shift of absorption maxima, ?max, occurs from the solvent with the highest proton-donor ability to the proton acceptor solvent (from water to DMSO). Positions of absortion maxima in various solvents are in correlation with the dielectric constant of the solvent. In order to explain the obtained results, the ultraviolet absorption frequences of the electronic transitions of the compounds were correlated using a total solvatochromic equation of the form: ?max = ?0 + s?* + a? + b?, where??* is the measure of solvent polarity. Prepresents the scale of solvent hydrogen bond acceptor basicities and ? represents the scale of solvent hydrogen bond donor acidities. Correlation of spectroscopic data was carried out by means of multiple linear regression analysis.
Modern quantitative microstructure analysis on the example of aicu5mg1 alloys
Authors: Zlaticanin Biljana , Radonjic Branislav , Jordovic Branka
Published: November 2007

Using an automatic, QUANTIMET 500 MC, device for quantitative picture analysis and applying linear method of measurement on the example of AlCu5Mg1 alloys, the grain size (min, max and medium values), as well as relative standard measuring errors (RSE), dendrite arm spacing (DAS) and length eutectic (Le) and also distribution by size (histogram) and volume participation of ?-hard solution and eutectic have been determined. We have also studied the influence of grain-refining additives AlTi5B1 for the same chemical composition of the aluminium-capper-magnesium alloy. It has been concluded that with the increase of titanium content, the mean value of grain size decreases. We have also examined hardness and pressure strength.
Tablets with thyme (Thymus Vulgaris L) extracts
Authors: Zekovic Zoran , Lepojevic Zika , Markov Sinisa , Milosevic Svetlana
Published: November 2007

The strongly antiseptic and antifungal activities of thyme is mainly due to the presence of phenolic compounds, thymol and carvacrol. Thyme extracts essential oil, extract obtained using 70% ethanol and extract obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide, were incorporated in the most useful form of pharmaceutical products - tablets. The work is concerned with the characterisation of the obtained tablets containing thyme extracts.
Rheologycal properties of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the presence of electrolyte and mixed micelle of surfactants
Authors: Sovilj Verica , Dokic Petar , Petrovic Lidija
Published: November 2007

One of the most significant aspects of polymer-surfactant interaction, from the practical point of view, is that of rheology control and viscosity enhancement. In the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte-surfactant system strong ionic interaction often leads to precipitation of the formed complex yielding serious problems. In this paper the interaction between anionic polyelectrolyte - sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) and cationic surfactant - cethyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) has been investigated by rheological measurements. Addition of electrolyte NaBr and nonionic surfactant - Tween 80 reduced the binding strength, prevented the precipitation of the complex and increased the viscosity of the system. It was found that rheological properties are strong influenced by NaCMC-CTMAB interaction and the system exhibits either pseudoplastic or thixotropic or rheopectic behavior according to the intensity of interaction.
Ribonucleic acids in different tea fungus beverages
Authors: Malbasa Radomir , Loncar Eva , Kolarov Ljiljana
Published: November 2007

In human nutrition, nucleic acids have to be balanced and limited up to 2 g/day because purines are degraded to urate, and excessive production of urate is a cause of gout which primarily affects adult males. Tea fungus beverage is a well known drink with high nutritional value and certain curative effects. Its benefits have been proved in a number of studies but it is still necessary to examine some potential harmful effects of this beverage. The aim of this paper was to investigate content of ribonucleic acids (RNA) produced during tea fungus fermentation on a usual substrate sweetened black tea, and on Jerusalem artichoke tubers (J.A.T) extract using method by Munro and Fleck (1966). pH, ribonucleic acids and also the production of proteins that affect purity of nucleic acids preparations were monitored. A higher value of RNA has been noticed in J.A.T. beverage (0.57 mg/ml) and with observation of usual daily dose of the beverage it is completely safe and useful one.
Correlation between retention constants obtained in reversed-phase liquid chromatography and partition coefficients of some benzimidazole derivatives
Authors: Acanski Marijana , Djakovic-Sekulic Tatjana
Published: November 2007

Several calculation procedures for log P values based on the fragmental and atomic contributions are compared with experimental reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) retention constants of benzimidazole derivatives. The RPLC experiments were performed on HPLC comerrcially available LiChrosorb RP(-18 column with binary solvent mixtures of methanol-phosphate buffer (pH 7) as mobile phase. Retention constant log k0 was determined by the extrapolation method. Good correlaton was found between the retention constants log k0 and log P, as well as m and log P of the compounds investigated.
Determination of phenmedipham and desmedipham in a commercial herbicide by high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Loncar Eva , Sekulic Petar , Zeremski-Skoric Tijana , Malbasa Radomir , Kolarov Ljiljana
Published: November 2007

Betanal AM-11 is the herbicide that is using to control one-year old weeds with wide leafs in sugar beet fields. Active ingredients of the herbicide are phenmedipham and desmedipham. Commercial emulsifiable concentrate (EC) contains 80 g/L ( 10% of each active compound. We applied high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detector (DAD) at 254 nm for the determination of phenmedipham and desmedipham in commercial samples of Betanal AM-11. This method involves reversed-phase separation of the components on C-18 bonded silica with methanol-water (51+49, v/v) as the eluent. The procedure was highly selective and reproducible and can be successfully used in determining contents of phenmedipham and desmedipham on micro and macro levels.
Analysis of energy consumption during milk processing in UHT- plant with two recuperators
Authors: Djuric Mirjana , Caric Marijana , Tekic Miodrag , Milanovic Spasenija , Panic Mirela
Published: November 2007

This paper presents the results of an analysis of energy consumption during sterilization of milk and dairy products in the UHT- plant, installed in Mlekara ? Subotica, Serbia, which is equipped with two recuperators. Total consumption of energy, amount of internal (recuperated) energy and consumption of external (heating and cooling) energy are considered as the functions of temperature difference at the recuperators. The analysis is performed by applying both Whistler?s temperature - enthalpy diagram and second law of thermodynamics. Based on the results of this analysis it was concluded that the analyzed UHT- plant works very close to the optimal regime.
The effect of Winter barley variety and technological factors during malting on malt quality
Authors: Grujic Olgica , Pejin Jelena , Przulj Novo
Published: November 2007

The analysis of six winter barley varieties, crop 2004, from Kragujevac location, was performed along with micromalting and analysis of the produced malts. The aim of this analysis was to determine which technological factors in malting various barley varieties can give the best malt quality. During malting, changes of various technological factors were performed, both in the steeping and germination phase. As a result of complete analysis of the produced malts it appeared that barley variety had the most important influence on produced malt quality.
Fatty acid composition of maize germ oil from high-oil hybrids wet-milling processing
Authors: Jovanovic Petar , Dokic Ljubica , Maric Branimir
Published: November 2007

Maize germ was obtained by wet-milling laboratory processing of domestic high-oil maize hybrids. After separation, the germ was subjected to extraction of maize oil. Fatty acid composition of maize germ oil was determined by gas chromatography. The results showed very high levels of unsaturated fatty acids and a constant sum of oleic and linoleic acids in oils of different maize hybrids.
Lactic acid fermentation in vegetable juices supplemented with different content of brewer’s yeast autolysate
Authors: Rakin Marica , Baras Josip , Vukasinovic Maja
Published: November 2007

The work is concerned with the conditions for lactic acid fermentation in a mixture of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L) juice and carrot (Daucus carota L) juice and different content of brewer?s yeast autolysate with Lactobacillus plantarum A112 and with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDO 1748.Both cultures showed good biochemical activity in these mixtures. The production of lactic acid has been stimulated using the higher content of brewer?s yeast autolysate. In these mixtures, L. plantarum A112 has shown better growth and lactic acid production than L. acidophilus NCDO 1748.
Supercritical carbon dioxide hop extraction
Authors: Pfaf-Sovljanski Ivana , Grujic Olgica , Perunicic Mihailo , Cvetkovic Ivana , Zekovic Zoran
Published: November 2007

The hop of Magnum cultivar was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SFE-as extractant). Extraction was carried out in the two steps: the first one being carried out at 150 bar and 40?C for 2.5 h (Extract A), and the second was the extraction of the same hop sample at 300 bar and 40?C for 2.5 h (Extract B). Extraction kinetics of the system hop-SFE-CO2 was investigated. Two of four most common compounds of hop aroma (?-humulene and ?-caryophyllene) were detected in Extract A. Isomerised ?-acids and ?-acids were detected too. a-Acid content in Extract B was high (that means it is a bitter variety of hop). Mathematical modeling using empirical model characteristic time model and simple single sphere model has been performed on Magnum cultivar extraction experimental results. Characteristic time model equations, best fitted experimental results. Empirical model equation, fitted results well, while simple single sphere model equation poorly approximated the results.
Bioseparations in aqueous two-phase systems
Authors: Antov Mirjana
Published: November 2007

Bioseparations conducted in aqueous two-phase systems offer a great number of advantages over the conventional separation techniques. Among them the most relevant are rapid mass transfer due to low interfacial tension, rapid and selective separation, easiness of operation mode, reliability in scale-up biocompatibility and environment-friendly features, and possibility of process integration when applied in biomolecule production. Upon overcoming the major problem - mostly empirical establishment of operating conditions bioseparations in aqueous two-phase systems will become a necessary step in both existing and newly developed bioprocesses for the primary recovery of products.
Trypsin inhibition by ferrocene
Authors: Kukric Zoran , Zabic Mirjana
Published: November 2007

Many transition metals and their complexes show inhibitory effect on someproteolytic enzymes, including trypsin. Their inhibitory activity is based on the direct binding to the active site of trypsin, mimicking formation of a five-coordinate transition state required for the reaction. The influence of ferrocene on trypsin activity using N-?-benzoyl-DL-arginine p-nitroanilide as a substrate was investigated. Ferrocene was selected as a potential inhibitor because it belongs to the family oforganometallic, so called "sandwich " compounds, and its cyclopentadienyl rings might have an appropriate geometry. It was found that ferrocene decreases trypsin activity and the K. for ferrocene was found to be 39.8.
Determination of biotin content in beet molasses by Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Loncar Eva , Dosenovic Irena , Markov Sinisa , Malbasa Radomir , Kolarov Ljiljana
Published: November 2007

D-biotin content in beet molasses was determined by microbiological method using Lactobacillus plantarum, based on the comparison of the growth of this microorganism in molasses solutions with those in standard solutions of biotin. Incubation of the microorganism was performed on original Vitamin Biotin Testbouillon and laboratory prepared liquid culture medias. The amount of "real" biotin in molasses is low. The results depend upon the sample and volume of molasses solutions. Biotin contents obtained on both liquid media are close.
Antioxidant activity of Induna apple pomace extract
Authors: Savatovic Sladjana , Djilas Sonja , Tumbas Vesna , Canadanovic-Brunet Jasna , Cetkovic Gordana
Published: November 2007

Different concentrations ofmethanol aqueous solution with or without 0.5% acetic acid and 80% acetone were used to achieve the highest yield of extraction of phenolics from Induna apple pomace. The highest content of phenolics (6.38 mg/g) was detected in the 80% methanol extract. The influence of 80% methanol extract of Induna apple pomace on stable l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reactive hydroxyl radicals has been investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the investigated extract is more effective in the DPPH test than on the DMPO-OH scavenging. In both cases antioxidant activity increased with increasing concentration of the investigated extract. The high contents ofphenolics (6.38 mg/g), flavonoids (1.01 mg/g) and flavan-3-ols (0.70 mg/g) in 80% methanol extract indicated that these compounds contributed to the antioxidant activity of Induna apple pomace.
The effect of dietary supplementation with different forms and levels of organic chromium on broilers meat quality
Authors: Keleman Svetlana , Kevresan Slavko , Supic Borisa , Peric Lidija , Strugar Vladimir
Published: November 2007

This paper deals with the effect of supplementation with the three different preparations of organic chromium complexes: the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid complex with chromium; chromium (III)?lysine and chromium picolinate, on broilers meat quality. In every preparation supplementing broilers diet chromium was present at the three different levels: 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 mg/kg. The meat quality was monitored with respect to the following parameters: the contents of fat, protein, minerals and water. It was observed that the fat content in broilers white meat was significantly lower if their diet was supplemented with 0.4 mg/kg chromium in the form of chromium(III)?lysine. In addition, different kinds of preparations influenced the protein, fat and water content in the white meat. Water content in white and red meat was lower in all experimental groups if compared to the control. However, the protein content in white and red meat was higher in experimental groups than in the control one.
Mechanical and barrier characteristics of colored edible collagen casings
Authors: Vinokic Nebojsa , Petrovic Ljiljana , Lazic Vera , Dzinic Natalija , Tomovic Vladimir
Published: November 2007

The paper is consented with the possibility of food grade colors incorporation (in different concentrations) into edible collagen casings. The barrier characteristics of the control (K) and t\\'o experimental groups of colored edible collagen casings (O I and O II) were investigated after the production and different periods of storage. The analysis of the obtained results shows that food grade colors, added in different concentrations to the collagen casings, influence some parameters of mechanical characteristics - tearing force in the first place. Tearing force of dry casings increases and of wet casings decreases with the increase of color concentration. During storage, the tearing force of dry samples was decreasing and of the wet ones increasing. The effect of added food-grade color on water-vapor permeability is minor, and the values are very high and uniform in all three investigated groups. The addition of color to casings resulted in significantly lower transparency, and increased color concentration caused further decrease of transparency.
Investigation method of torsional properties and damages of glass/epoxy composite pipes
Authors: Putic Slavisa , Stamenovic Marina , Stajcic Predrag , Bajceta Branislav , Bosnjak Srdjan
Published: November 2007

Pipes made of composites glass fiber/epoxy resin are predominantly used in the chemical industry, construction, infrastructure and war technique. The pipes made for this purpose are in their use exposed to static and dynamic loading. Depending on the purpose, the pipes, especially those in complex structures, can be loaded by torsion. In that case, exceeding allowed tensions can cause damages such as cracking the fibers and matrix delamination. These damages can lead to the appearance of cracks on the pipes and in many cases to complete breakage of the pipe. Because of this, it is very important to evaluate composite pipes exposed to torsion and find out in which way the construction is weakened, what actually is the main goal of this paper.
Producing kombucha beverage from winter savory (Satureja montana L.) tea inoculated by pellicle
Authors: Cvetkovic Dragoljub , Markov Sinisa
Published: November 2007

The work is concerned with the possibility of preparing kombucha beverage from sweetened winter savory (local name Rtanj tea) inoculated with the pellicle in a quantity of 2 -51 in the vessels (glass containers) volume of 2 - 6 l. It was found that the process lasts a few days (2 - 5) longer than the traditional process of biotransformation of black tea into kombucha. It was also concluded that the rate of the process depends mostly on the volume container: medium ratio. In the subsequent kombucha fermentations the metabolic activity of the yeast and acetic fermentation cells did not change. The rate of the process was not influenced by the physiological state of the cells in the pellicle with the capacities larger than 31.
Cranberry: A good source of natural antioxidants
Authors: Tumbas Vesna , Savatovic Sladjana , Djilas Sonja , Canadanovic-Brunet Jasna , Cetkovic Gordana
Published: November 2007

The influence of extracts of cranbeny fruit and mixed tea (containing 40% cranberry) on stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals has been investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. All investigated extracts possess very high antioxidant activity, which increased dose-dependently at mass concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 mg/ml. The high contents of phenolic s (3.60-4.52 mg/g), anthocyanins (0.23-1.52 mg/g), flavan-3-ols (1.25-3.05 mg/g) and vitamin C (0.07-0.15 mg/g) in investigated extracts indicated that these compounds significantly contributed to the antioxidant activity. All these results show that the extracts of cranberry fruit and mixed tea can be used as easily accessible source of natural antioxidants and as a possible food supplement.
Krijumcarenje ljudi, krijumcarenje zena i dece, Centar za unapredjivanje pravnih studija, Beograd & Centar za pravna pitanja i Ministarstvo unutrasnjih poslova republike Rumunije, Bukurest, 2001, str.
Authors: Mihic Biljana
Published: November 2007

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Denial, acknowledgement and reconciliation
Authors: Jamieson Ruth
Published: November 2007

This paper examines the recent work of professor Stanley Cohen on `states of denial? and will pay specific attention to his explication of the ways in which the concepts of denial and acknowledgement have been deployed in both mainstream culture and official discourses on truth and reconciliation. The paper tries to assess the extent to which Cohen?s model of denial and acknowledgement offers a potential basis for facilitating reconciliation in the former Yugoslavia. Particular attention will be paid to Cohen?s argument about the dangers inherent in the ?over-acknowledgement? of past suffering.
Truth and reconciliation: Should the key notions be revised?: Experiences from South-Africa and Rwanda
Authors: Rombouts Heidy
Published: November 2007

Both the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the Gacaca tribunals, which started recently in Rwanda, are framed in terms of truth and reconciliation. But what does the truth mean? What does reconciliation mean? It can be argued that searching the truth has a very precise meaning - namely determining the details of what factually happened. And it is in this sense that most people understand the search for the truth. However it can be questioned whether this fact-finding is what the search for truth aims at in a context of transitional justice. .
Psychosocial reconciliation in the former Yugoslavia
Authors: Djuric Dijana
Published: November 2007

There are following pre-conditions for the beginning of the reconciliation process among sides which were in conflict: establishment of clear political solutions, prosecution of the war criminals and financial compensation for war victims. Important conditions for that are: that sides in conflict reached the level at which motives for prolonging the conflict are irrelevant or significantly weakened; the existence of earlier phases of trust, which can be rebuild; the existence of symmetry among sides in the conflict, which enables that they act as equal partners in negotiations and in the process of reconciliation. .
Specificities of victimization in Serbia and its importance for truth and reconciliation process
Authors: Nikolic-Ristanovic Vesna
Published: November 2007

In this paper the author analyses specificities of the situation in Serbia relevant for the discussion about possibilities of truth and reconciliation. These specificities include: the connection between past and present, the complexity of victimization and present political context. Special emphasis is put on the history of denial of crimes, multiple victimization and misuse of victimization of one?s own people as characteristics of entire Balkan region.
Which model of truth and reconciliation applies to former Yugoslavia?: Some thoughts on the closing panel discussion
Authors: Tosic Jelena
Published: November 2007

This paper represents a reflection on the final panel discussion of the conference "Which Model of Truth and Reconciliation applies to ex-Yugoslavia?". By the means of sequential and hierarchical analysis of the argumentative structure of the discussion, the author ?extracts? key dimensions of the expert discourse on truth and reconciliation using the case of the mentioned panel discussion. By identifying the points of consensus the author seeks to describe the notion of truth and reconciliation as it emerged in the closing panel discussion of the conference.
Legislation regarding social protection of children and youth in Sweden with particular emphasis on protection from abuse and neglect
Authors: Savic Slobodan , Alempijevic Djordje
Published: November 2007

Protection of children from abuse and neglect is a current problem in the world. The consequences of violence against children are very important because they can leave behind permanent bodily injuries up to severe invalidity, as well as psychological consequences which very often lead to transmission of violence into next generations. In most extreme cases death occurs as a consequence of abuse and neglect. In this paper authors present legislation which regulate social protection of children and youth in Sweden, with special emphasis on protection from abuse and neglect. Sweden is a country in which social care of most vulnerable groups including children, was always at the top of priorities. Authors made comparative analysis of Swedish and domestic (Serbian) laws regarding protection of children from violence, with particular emphasis on mandatory report of these cases from professionals who are in regular professional contact with children. Authors will also put emphasis on duties of medical doctors in the system of protection of children and youth from abuse and neglect.
The role of health care services in assisting victims of crime
Authors: Vidakovic Ivana
Published: November 2007

In the first, preparatory phase for establishing the Victim Support Service for crime victims in Serbia the author interviewed medical/health care professionals which, in their work, dealing with victims of crime. In this paper the author will present general observation of the situation and expressed views about this phenomenon. Special emphasize will be on a shortages in actual practice and possible solutions for its improvement. In the conclusion the author will point out the need for sensibilization and education of majority of medical professionals and the broader media approach in order to perceive and recognize problems in the community and professional groups which are working with victims of crime.
Criminal offence domestic violence: Legal practice in Nis area
Authors: Vilic-Konstantinovic Slobodanka , Petrusic Nevena
Published: November 2007

In this paper authors analyze seven cases of domestic violence in Nis area during one year of implementation of the new criminal offence domestic violence. Using the method of indirect observation and interviews, authors give us an overview of police's, prosecutors and court's intervention in domestic violence cases. In spite of small number of registered and processed domestic violence cases, some negative phenomenons are observed. Those phenomenons unable efficient and accurate preventive and repressive actions toward abuser. Majority of these observed facts are noted and explained, with underlining the consequences and a way for overcoming them. In order to reach valid and scientifically based conclusion about implementation of laws regarding domestic violence, it is essential to undertake extensive research in Serbia, including a research of a practice of the police, prosecutors and courts. Results of such research would allow qualitative theoretical overview of law enforcement practice regarding domestic violence. Knowledge gained in this way would help us to establish programs for education of individuals who, in different roles, participate in preventive and repressive actions against domestic violence.
Domestic violence is a crime
Authors: Simic Ljiljana
Published: November 2007

Introduction of the article 118a in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia is just the beginning of a thorny road in order to penalize domestic violence. Domestic violence existed at all times, in various forms, and it was always tolerated. Domestic violence should be stopped for several reasons, among which two are basic: domestic violence affects not only family but society as well, and because of the fact that large number of victims of domestic violence become abusers.
Dr Vesna Nikolic-Ristanovic: Social change, gender and violence: Post-communist and war affected societies: Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London, 2002
Authors: Milivojevic Sanja
Published: November 2007

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Violence and exploitation of young women: Mobility and strengthening of networks of Albanian prostitution
Authors: Chassagne Philippe , Gjeloshaj Kolë
Published: November 2007

Big mobility of groups of Albanian organized crime and their systematic, and sometimes extreme use of violence has probably two elements, which can explain the increase of exploitation of prostitution committed by Albanian criminals in Western Europe. They became inevitable in trafficking in women from Central and Eastern Europe for prostitution in Western Europe. They are located in the centers of recruitment, in transport channels as well as in forced sexual exploitation. The analysis of the above-mentioned situation is the subject of this paper.
Violence against women with mental disabilities: The invisible victims in CEE/NIS countries
Authors: Szeli Éva , Pallaska Dea
Published: November 2007

In this paper, the authors are dealing with the problems that women with mental disabilities in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in the Newly independent states have to face. In the conclusions, the recommendations indicating the direction of the future changes in the area are given.
Ljiljana Tomasic: Trgovina ljudskim organima, Samostalno autorsko izdanje Ljiljana Tomasic, Beograd, 2003
Authors: Mihic Biljana
Published: November 2007

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Initiatives related to truth and reconciliation in Montenegro: A general overview
Authors: Radevic Radomir
Published: November 2007

Concerning the current initiatives for truth and reconciliation, there are no either state nor any other formal institutions (such as commissions or council for truth and reconciliation) which would deal with this problem in Montenegro in more strategically, fundamental and long-lasting way. There are also no indications that such institutions will be established in the near future. It is completely evident that there is a lack of, at first place, political will in Montenegro for starting these processes. Current initiatives for truth and reconciliation in Montenegro are either projects of individuals or certain NGOs, which are most often reflection of personal need or wish for the truth to be found out or announced and processes finally started, or parts of some other projects or programs.
Facing the past and peace building
Authors: Hasanbegovic Adnan
Published: November 2007

The Center for Non-Violent Action was founded in 1997 in Sarajevo, since when we have been working and conducting our activities in the area of the former Yugoslavia, with the basic mission to build peace by organizing programs for the education for peace. As of 2001, the Belgrade office has also been active. The purpose of our activities with the former soldiers, in addition to demystifying "the enemy" is the great need for their direct engagement in the peace process because of the high level of credibility that those people enjoy in their communities, among other things. Our intention is to give more space to the former soldiers and to engage a concerted effort on the overcoming of the obviously present gap between the peace organizations and the veterans? and war invalids? associations in these three countries. As a result of our yearlong experience, we have arrived at the conclusion that one of the most important; perhaps even the principal foundation for building sustainable peace in this region is facing the past. In the process of facing the past, the key elements seem to be the creation of space for mutual empathy, understanding and solidarity both on the collective (national and similar levels) and on the individual level.
Experiences in the reconciliation process: Period 1996-2004
Authors: Golubovic Nada
Published: November 2007

The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina has left behind uninhabited, destroyed burnt down and devastated villages. The cities? demographic picture has been changed, as well as the ethnic and social structure. That is why we have been conducting our activities in the community reconciliation process in rural and urban areas, applying different methods of work. Our activities were aimed at all national and social groups. Our association?s target group is women. With our activities, we are trying to raise public awareness about the women?s issues and to find solutions to those problems. We have worked on key problems that arose as a consequence of war experiences, which were brought forward by the women. We are trying to achieve an insight into the problems that are common to the women from different social and ethnic groups and, by attempting to solve them; we work on conflict resolution and transformation.