bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN PROFESIONALISME GURU KELOMPOK BERMAIN SRIKANDI ROWODADI
Authors: Wulandari Retno , Sameto Mayang Belia , Sumantri
Published: June 2024

Professional teachers can produce students who are competent and compete in this era of globalization. In line with the motto of KB Sebiduk Sehaluan Srikandi, "Smart Generation, Love Al-Qur'an", teachers must be professional and competent in carrying out their duties. Efforts to improve teacher professionalism made by principals are to include teachers in various activities such as; educational seminars, tiered training, and interactive talks are one of the activities routinely carried out by principals and teachers. The result is that through interactive talks, teachers can more freely express the obstacles that hinder teachers' professionalism in teaching, as principals are also easier to identify problems, find solutions to problems.
PELATIHAN OPTIMALISASI CITRA CT UROGRAFI DENGAN MEDIA KONTRAS POSITIF DAN MEDIA KONTRAS NEGATIF
Authors: Widya Mufida  , Faik Muhamad , Faesol Ahmad
Published: June 2024

CT Scan Urography is an examination using positive contrast media. Several three-dimensional reconstruction software applications found in CT Scan modalities include nerve marking, autobone, CT perfusion, smartcore, bone mineral densitometry, noise and artifact correction, denta scan, CT dose profile, multi planar volume rendering, maximum intensity projection, volume rendering, shaded surface display, multi planar reconstruction and tracking. Community service activities aim to improve soft skills and add insight to radiographers, alumni of the UNISA D3 Radiology Study Program and Radiology D3 Study Program students by training and simulating CT Scan Urography image processing. Optimal image processing in CT Scan examinations can minimize the occurrence of repetition so as to limit the radiation dose received by the patient so that it is necessary to increase the soft skills of the radiographer by means of training and simulation of CT Scan Urography image processing.
PENGENALAN PRODUK LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH DI KELURAHAN TANGKERANG BARAT KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Ficha Melina  , Zulfa Marina , Zulkifli  , Hamzah  , Muyasaroh Nurul
Published: June 2024

Pengabdian ini berjudul: Pengenalan Produk Lembaga Keuangan Syariah Di Kelurahan Tangkerang Barat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi berupa pengetahuan dan menambah wawasan kepada kelompok ibu rumah tangga tentang pentingnya pengetahuan tentang produk Lembaga keuangan, yang berlandasakan syariah yakni perbankan syariah serta produk-produk yang terdapat didalamnya. Diharapkan dengan instrument produk-produk Lembaga keuangan syraiah ini dapat menjadi kekuatan baru ekonomi syariah di lingkungan masyarakat demi meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat jauh lebih baik berlandaskan prinsip syariah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini kami laksanakan di kelurahan Tangkerang Barat Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai Kota Pekanbaru dengan Metode yang digunakan ada 4 tahap yaitu diskusi atau wawancara, observasi, menyampaikan surat kesediaan menjadi mitra dan penyuluhan atau sosialisasi. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu untuk memberikan wawasan serta pengetahuan terkait produk-produk lembaga keuangan syariah kepada ibu-ibu RT 01 RW 012 Kelurahan Tangkerang Barat Kota Pekanbaru.
Upaya Peningkatan Kompetensi Pendidik dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka dan Pembelajaran Abad 21 di Kelompok Kerja Guru Raudhatul Athfal (KKG) Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Utami Dian Tri , Taufik Hidayatulloh  , Yunita Yenni , Syarif Sumantri  , Febrian Rojja
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
 
Peran Pendidikan dalam pembangunan nasional terutama dalam menghadapi abad 21 telah diakui sejak lahirnya UUD 1945. Pada alinea keempat UUD 1945 tercantum tujuan memajukan kesejahteraan umum dan mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Abad 21, kehidupan manusia mengalami perubahan, terutama perubahan dalam berpikir. Diperlukan pelopor berpikir, menyusun konsep serta bertindak. Optimalisasi pendidikan harus cepat dilakukan guna mewujudkan generasi bangsa yang cerdas dan tangguh, tidak tertinggal arus global yang meroket. Hal ini menunjukkan sector pendidikan berpengaruh besar pada pembelajaran abad 21. Peningkatan SDM melalui jalur pendidikan mulai dari pendidikan anak usia dini, pendidikan dasar sampai perguruan tinggi. Perubahan globalisasi memerlukan visi misi pendidikan yang terarah. Kemendikbudristek sebagai ledding sector pendidikan nasional memiliki tugas penting mewujudkan SDM melalui kebijakan kurikulum. Tahun 2022 pemerintah merilis “Kurikulum Merdeka” berdasarkan Keputusan Mendikbudristek Nomor 56/M/2022 dan Keputusan Kepala BSKAP Nomor 008/KR/2022 tentang Capaian Pembelajaran pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar, dan Jenjang Pendidikan Menengah pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Konten kurikulum merdeka PAUD “kurikulum operasional satuan pendidikan” terdapat kegiatan intrakurikuler dan profil pelajar Pancasila. Tantangan nyata pengembangan profesional muncul setelah proses implementasi dari kebijakan dimulai. Penting bagi pendidik untuk memiliki pengalaman pendidikan yang berkualitas dan memperoleh banyak teknik instruksional yang inovatif untuk memastikan bahwa kebijakan diimplementasikan ke dalam kelas.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PEREMPUAN MELALUI INOVASI KAMPUNG JAMUNE BU’E DI KELURAHAN PROYONANGAN SELATAN, BATANG
Authors: Erison Yendra , Setiawan Hendy , Rosyid Halimur
Published: June 2024

Ekonomi perempuan memiliki peranan yang sangat penting didalam membangun kemandirian dan kesejahteraan perempuan. Selama ini perempuan dianggap sebagai kelompok minoritas dan selalu menggantungkan hidupnya pada pendapatan suaminya. Hal ini berdasarkan pada aktivitas domestik yang dilakukan. Sehingga Perempuan diasumsikan hanya bergelut pada aktivitas domestik saja. Stigma yang menempatkan perempuan yang selalu dianggap menggantungkan hidupnya pada laki-laki sudah tidak relevan lagi. Inovasi kampung jamune bu’e ini dibentuk sebelum adanya Pandemi Covid-19 oleh Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) yang beranggotakan sekumpulan ibu-ibu yang berada di Kelurahan Proyonanggan Selatan, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan taraf perekonomian bagi ibu-ibu melalui penjualan produk jamu lokal. Inovasi kampung jamune bu’e ini di sisi lain juga berkontribusi pada pembangunan literasi terhadap anak-anak dalam mengedukasi dan mengenalkan ramuan-ramuan tradisional yang dibungkus secara kemasan. Metode penelitian ini yang digunakan ialah FGD dan sosialisasi yang dilakukan di Kampung Jamune Bu’e Proyonanggan Selatan. Hasil yang menunjukan bahwa Inovasi penguatan ekonomi perempuan kampung jamune bu’e yang ada di Kelurahan Proyonanggan Selatan Kabupaten Batang merupakan salah satu bukti bahwa perempuan bisa mandiri di dalam menguatkan perekonomian keluarga
PERILAKU HIDUP SEHAT (PHBS) DAN PRAKTIK CUCI TANGAN DI SEKOLAH: PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN PADA ANAK PRA SEKOLAH DI TK IT IQRO, DESA SUKARAJA, GEDONG TATAAN
Authors: Fitria Rahma
Published: June 2024

Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat perlu ditanamkan sejak usia dini yaitu sejak usia pra-sekolah. Dengan memperkenalkan kepada anak sejak dini tentang perilaku hidup bersih sehat, akan menjadi investasi sebuah negara di masa depan. Generasi muda yang sehat akan menciptakan generasi lanjut yang kompeten sehingga kesejahteraan bangsa akan meningkat. Manfaat PHBS sejak dini adalah menanamkan sikap dan perilaku serta pengetahuan sejak dini tentang bagaimana hidup bersih dan sehat, sehingga kesehatan anak akan meningkat dan terhindar dari berbagai penyakit pada anak. Penerapan  PHBS di Sekolah yang belum optimal dilaksanakan memerlukan dukungan dari semua pihak termasuk pihak sekolah untuk dapat berkontribuasi.Oleh karena itu dilaksanakan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dengan tema Perilaku Hidup Sehat (PHBS) dan Praktik Cuci Tangan di Sekolah: Pendidikan Kesehatan pada Anak Pra Sekolah. Metode yang digunakan pada PKM adalah  tatap muka secara langsung dan dilakukan dengan enam (6 tahap) yaitu Identifikasi Masalah, Diskusi Solusi, Pengajuan proposal kegiatan, Persiapan Kegiatan, Pelaksanaan kegiatan, Evaluasi dan Pelaporan. Kegiatan dievaluasi selama 1 bulan dengan rentan tiap 2 minggu dengan datang ke TK kembali dan mengevalusi random ke peserta yang lalu. Evaluasi juga dilaksanakan dengan mendapatkan info dari guru dan lingkungan sekolah dengan hasil terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan pada peserta setelah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan dan sebagian besar mampu melakukan praktik cuci tangan dengan baik dan benar menggunakan air bersih dengan air sabun. Hasil kegiatan terus mendapatkan respon yang baik setelah dilakukan peninjauan 4 minggu kemudian.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN ANTI KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DAN BULLYING DI SMP NEGERI 3 KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Wulandari Dilya , Maqfirah Tia , Rizki Muhammad Aditia , Gibran Khalil , Muazzinah
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini berupa sosialisasi tentang pentingnya kesadaran peserta didik dan lingkungan SMPN 3 Kota Banda Aceh untuk mengetahui tentang anti kekerasan seksual dan bullying di sekolah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk peningkatan pemahaman dalam melindungi diri dari tindak kekerasan seksual dan bullying, menjaga diri untuk tidak melakukan tindakan kekerasan seksual dan bullying serta berani mengambil strategi untuk pencegahan.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SUPERVISION ON PEOPLE'S CROSSING TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT (KEMPANG) IN KEPULAUAN MERANTI REGENCY
Authors: Afrizal  , Rustam Afrinaldy , Rustam Martha Hasanah , Khairi Ahmad
Published: June 2024

This study aims to identify and analyze the implementation of exposure to the Pedestrian Transport Equipment (Kempang) in the Meranti Islands Regency and to analyze the constraints faced by the local government regarding the implementation of supervision of the Pedestrian Transport Equipment (Kempang) in the Meranti Islands Regency. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of supervision carried out by the Meranti Islands Regency Government for cross-Kampang has not been carried out properly or has not been optimal. Starting from planning supervision, implementation of supervision to the evaluation carried out. Therefore, the kempang as a means of public transportation needs serious attention from the Regional Government through the Ministry of Communication and Information, both in terms of budget management and planning programs, bearing in mind that many people depend on the kempang to facilitate their daily activities. Factors hindering the implementation of supervision of the People's Crossing Transport Equipment (Kempang) in Meranti Islands Regency are the absence of a communication forum between the Department of Transportation, kempang owners, and the community in an effort to create safe and comfortable kempang crossing transportation, lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure in the kempang crossing process , there is no seriousness from the Department of Transportation in carrying out supervision, even though the kempang crossing is an alternative transportation used for shopping, work, school and other needs and the local government's lack of attention to public transportation (kempang).
ROLE OF THE INDUSTRIAL AND LABOR SERVICES OF KAMPAR REGENCY IN INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
Authors: Rustam Afrinaldy , Anastasya Wiyanto Nadya
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the role of the Kampar District Office of Industry and Labor in the process of settling industrial relations. In addition, the author also wants to know the obstacles in the process of resolving industrial relations equations. The research technique used is a qualitative research method with direct interviews, observation, and documentation related to research. From this research technique, informants were obtained consisting of the Head of the Industry and Labor Office of Kampar Regency, the Head of the Industrial Relations Section, the Head of the Industrial Relations Section, Mediators, companies and workers. Based on the research conducted, it is known that functional officials, namely section heads, are mediators who play a role in fostering industrial relations. The Department of Industry and Labor of Kampar Regency lacks technical personnel, namely only 1 (one) mediator.
SOUTH KOREA'S HALAL FOOD GASTRO-DIPLOMACY TOWARDS MUSLIM TOURISTS 2009-2022 (CASE STUDY: MUSLIM TOURISTS IN SOUTH KOREA)
Authors: Amelia Puspa Tamara  , Ajeng Puspa Marlinda
Published: June 2024

South Korea is a country on the southern part of the Korean peninsula and the majority religion is not Islam. To worship or find halal food that is permissible for consumption by Muslims there is quite difficult. After the success of its cultural diplomacy in the form of Hallyu, in 2009 Korea also launched kimchi diplomacy and was quite successful, so that Muslim countries are getting to know Korean cuisine. Then, around 2014 Korea also developed halal food gastro diplomacy for Muslim tourists who traveled to South Korea. There are reasons that make Korea interested in building halal food diplomacy even though the majority of the population is non-Muslim. For this reason, through this paper the author has a research objective to analyze the factors that influence South Korea to develop halal food gastro diplomacy towards Muslim tourists. By using qualitative methods, this study found that South Korea developed halal food gastro diplomacy towards Muslim tourists to build good relations with Muslim countries, and improve the South Korean economy through tourism.
ANALYSIS OF THE NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION CENTER IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE DUSUN BALAR LAKE NATURAL RESERVE, BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Mandala Putra Bayu , Darmi Titi
Published: June 2024

This research discusses the analysis of the Natural Resource Conservation Center in managing the Dusun Besar Lake Nature Reserve, Bengkulu City. Although the management area aims to preserve natural resources and the environment, human activities and management issues threaten sustainability. The Bengkulu Province strives to address these problems for fair and sustainable forest management. The research employs a qualitative method focusing on a case study to analyze the planning, organizing, movement, and supervision in the context of Nature Reserve management. The research findings indicate that   Bengkulu adheres to government regulations and long-term Dusun Besar Lake Nature Reserve management plans. The study also identifies crucial indicators in planning and organizing the three conservation sections in   Bengkulu and the importance of movement and supervision functions in activity implementation.
THE ROLE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND FORESTRY SERVICES OF BENGKULU PROVINCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAKE DUSUNBAR NATURAL TOURISM PARK
Authors: Jamil Ahmad , Darmi Titi
Published: June 2024

The role of the government in preserving the Danau Dusun Besar Nature Tourism Park is crucial through the issuance of regulations, legal protection, funding, supervision, public education, and international cooperation to create sustainability and fairness and involve community participation. The park’s management includes providing infrastructure, empowering the local community, and ensuring the safety and security of visitors. As a result, Lake Dusun Besar Nature Tourism Park in Bengkulu City can be promoted as an iconic destination, a source of Regional Original Revenue, and recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
WASTE MANAGEMENT AND GOVERNMENT POLICY IN MANAGING POST-TRAIL WASTE
Authors: Nurhidayanti Fitri , Desriadi  , Hamida  , Pratama Hendri , Hani Hera Viqulu
Published: June 2024

Handling post-Pacu Lintas waste involves adequate government strategies and policies to overcome the environmental impacts produced by this event. This article investigates waste management after the Pacu Lane event and government policies implemented in waste management. By taking examples of experiences in several regions, this research analyzes the challenges and opportunities in post-Pacu Lane waste management as well as the policies implemented by the local government. Post-Pacu Lane waste management requires a holistic approach that involves community participation, the application of environmentally friendly technology, and policies that support recycling. This study also evaluates the positive and negative impacts of existing policies and explores innovations that can be implemented to increase the efficiency of waste management after the Pacu Lane event. The results of this research can provide insight into how the government can optimize waste management efforts after traditional cultural events such as Pacu Lane. It is hoped that the implications of these findings can help policymakers and practitioners in designing more effective and sustainable strategies for facing the challenges of waste management after cultural events in the future.
Collaborative Optimisation of High-Speed Rail Express Line Planning and Freight Flow Allocation Considering Multiple Transportation Modes and Products
Authors: GUO Jun-Hua , WAN Jiang-Yong , YUAN Wu-Yang , LIU Jun-Jie
Published: June 2024

With the development of high-speed railway (HSR) systems, high-speed rail express delivery (HSReD) is currently the growing trend in railway cargo transport. The decisions on line planning and freight flow allocation are two of the main problems for the practical operation of HSReD. This paper focuses on integrating the above issues, considering differentiated transportation modes and products. A collaborative optimisation model is developed to maximise the benefits of freight transport. Numerical experiments are conducted based on the Beijing-Shanghai HSR. The results show that the collaborative optimisation model gets a 7.96% higher freight-demand fulfilment rate and an 18.64% increase in the profit rate, compared with the two-stage model under the same network conditions and parameter settings. Some operational implications are also obtained based on the sensitivity analysis, which is potentially useful for optimising the daily operation management of HSReD.
A Comprehensive Review of Dynamic Speed Feedback Signs in Reducing Speed at Different Critical Locations
Authors: MAHMUD Shakir , BABIĆ Dario , GATES Timothy J.
Published: June 2024

Excessive speed is one of the main causes of fatal crashes worldwide. One speed reduction measure is dynamic speed feedback signs (DSFS), whose main purpose is to make drivers aware of their excessive speed and thus influence their behaviour in a way that they reduce their driving speed. The objective of this review is to discuss the benefits of implementing DSFS in different settings, identify the most effective placement and messaging strategies, analyse the public perception and temporal effect of DSFS, and identify potential locations where this device can be further deployed. The study includes 44 studies, of which 35 are journal publications, three are conference proceedings and six are technical reports. The identified studies are divided into six categories based on their topic: (1) operational benefits of DSFS; (2) safety benefits of DSFS; (3) public perception of DSFS; (4) position of DSFS installation, message type and triggering; (5) temporal effect of DSFS; and 6) effect of vehicle type. The results of this study provide information on the use of DSFS and as such are valuable to road authorities and researchers.
E3 ubiquitin ligase Deltex facilitates the expansion of Wingless gradient and antagonizes Wingless signaling through a conserved mechanism of transcriptional effector Armadillo/β-catenin degradation
Authors: Sharma Vartika , Sachan Nalani , Sarkar Bappi , Mutsuddi Mousumi , Mukherjee Ashim
Published: June 2024

The Wnt/Wg pathway controls myriads of biological phenomena throughout the development and adult life of all organisms across the phyla. Thus, an aberrant Wnt signaling is associated with a wide range of pathologies in humans. Tight regulation of Wnt/Wg signaling is required to maintain proper cellular homeostasis. Here, we report a novel role of E3 ubiquitin ligase Deltex in Wg signaling regulation. Drosophila dx genetically interacts with wg and its pathway components. Furthermore, Dx LOF results in a reduced spreading of Wg while its over-expression expands the diffusion gradient of the morphogen. We attribute this change in Wg gradient to the endocytosis of Wg through Dx which directly affects the short- and long-range Wg targets. We also demonstrate the role of Dx in regulating Wg effector Armadillo where Dx down-regulates Arm through proteasomal degradation. We also showed the conservation of Dx function in the mammalian system where DTX1 is shown to bind with β-catenin and facilitates its proteolytic degradation, spotlighting a novel step that potentially modulates Wnt/Wg signaling cascade.
Stochastic characterization of navigation strategies in an automated variant of the Barnes maze
Authors: Lee Ju-Young , Jung Dahee , Royer Sebastien
Published: June 2024

Animals can use a repertoire of strategies to navigate in an environment, and it remains an intriguing question how these strategies are selected based on the nature and familiarity of environments. To investigate this question, we developed a fully automated variant of the Barnes maze, characterized by 24 vestibules distributed along the periphery of a circular arena, and monitored the trajectories of mice over 15 days as they learned to navigate towards a goal vestibule from a random start vestibule. We show that the patterns of vestibule visits can be reproduced by the combination of three stochastic processes reminiscent of random, serial, and spatial strategies. The processes randomly selected vestibules based on either uniform (random) or biased (serial and spatial) probability distributions. They closely matched experimental data across a range of statistical distributions characterizing the length, distribution, step size, direction, and stereotypy of vestibule sequences, revealing a shift from random to spatial and serial strategies over time, with a strategy switch occurring approximately every six vestibule visits. Our study provides a novel apparatus and analysis toolset for tracking the repertoire of navigation strategies and demonstrates that a set of stochastic processes can largely account for exploration patterns in the Barnes maze.
Spatial and temporal pattern of structure–function coupling of human brain connectome with development
Authors: Feng Guozheng , Wang Yiwen , Huang Weijie , Chen Haojie , Cheng Jian , Shu Ni
Published: June 2024

Brain structural circuitry shapes a richly patterned functional synchronization, supporting for complex cognitive and behavioural abilities. However, how coupling of structural connectome (SC) and functional connectome (FC) develops and its relationships with cognitive functions and transcriptomic architecture remain unclear. We used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data from 439 participants aged 5.7–21.9 years to predict functional connectivity by incorporating intracortical and extracortical structural connectivity, characterizing SC–FC coupling. Our findings revealed that SC–FC coupling was strongest in the visual and somatomotor networks, consistent with evolutionary expansion, myelin content, and functional principal gradient. As development progressed, SC–FC coupling exhibited heterogeneous alterations dominated by an increase in cortical regions, broadly distributed across the somatomotor, frontoparietal, dorsal attention, and default mode networks. Moreover, we discovered that SC–FC coupling significantly predicted individual variability in general intelligence, mainly influencing frontoparietal and default mode networks. Finally, our results demonstrated that the heterogeneous development of SC–FC coupling is positively associated with genes in oligodendrocyte-related pathways and negatively associated with astrocyte-related genes. This study offers insight into the maturational principles of SC–FC coupling in typical development.
Identification of a third myosin-5a-melanophilin interaction that mediates the association of myosin-5a with melanosomes
Authors: Pan Jiabin , Zhou Rui , Yao Lin-Lin , Zhang Jie , Zhang Ning , Cao Qing-Juan , Sun Shaopeng , Li Xiang-dong
Published: June 2024

Transport and localization of melanosome at the periphery region of melanocyte are depended on myosin-5a (Myo5a), which associates with melanosome by interacting with its adaptor protein melanophilin (Mlph). Mlph contains four functional regions, including Rab27a-binding domain, Myo5a GTD-binding motif (GTBM), Myo5a exon F-binding domain (EFBD), and actin-binding domain (ABD). The association of Myo5a with Mlph is known to be mediated by two specific interactions: the interaction between the exon-F-encoded region of Myo5a and Mlph-EFBD and that between Myo5a-GTD and Mlph-GTBM. Here, we identify a third interaction between Myo5a and Mlph, that is, the interaction between the exon-G-encoded region of Myo5a and Mlph-ABD. The exon-G/ABD interaction is independent from the exon-F/EFBD interaction and is required for the association of Myo5a with melanosome. Moreover, we demonstrate that Mlph-ABD interacts with either the exon-G or actin filament, but cannot interact with both of them simultaneously. Based on above findings, we propose a new model for the Mlph-mediated Myo5a transportation of melanosomes.
Boosting biodiversity monitoring using smartphone-driven, rapidly accumulating community-sourced data
Authors: Atsumi Keisuke , Nishida Yuusuke , Ushio Masayuki , Nishi Hirotaka , Genroku Takanori , Fujiki Shogoro
Published: June 2024

Comprehensive biodiversity data is crucial for ecosystem protection. The Biome mobile app, launched in Japan, efficiently gathers species observations from the public using species identification algorithms and gamification elements. The app has amassed >6 million observations since 2019. Nonetheless, community-sourced data may exhibit spatial and taxonomic biases. Species distribution models (SDMs) estimate species distribution while accommodating such bias. Here, we investigated the quality of Biome data and its impact on SDM performance. Species identification accuracy exceeds 95% for birds, reptiles, mammals, and amphibians, but seed plants, molluscs, and fishes scored below 90%. Our SDMs for 132 terrestrial plants and animals across Japan revealed that incorporating Biome data into traditional survey data improved accuracy. For endangered species, traditional survey data required >2000 records for accurate models (Boyce index ≥ 0.9), while blending the two data sources reduced this to around 300. The uniform coverage of urban-natural gradients by Biome data, compared to traditional data biased towards natural areas, may explain this improvement. Combining multiple data sources better estimates species distributions, aiding in protected area designation and ecosystem service assessment. Establishing a platform for accumulating community-sourced distribution data will contribute to conserving and monitoring natural ecosystems.
Molecular, cellular, and developmental organization of the mouse vomeronasal organ at single cell resolution
Authors: Hills Max Henry , Ma Limei , Fang Ai , Chiremba Thelma , Malloy Seth , Scott Allison R , Perera Anoja G , Yu C Ron
Published: June 2024

We have generated single cell transcriptomic atlases of vomeronasal organs (VNO) from juvenile and adult mice. Combined with spatial molecular imaging, we uncover a distinct, previously unidentified class of cells that express the vomeronasal receptors (VRs) and a population of canonical olfactory sensory neurons in the VNO. High-resolution trajectory and cluster analyses reveal the lineage relationship, spatial distribution of cell types, and a putative cascade of molecular events that specify the V1r, V2r, and OR lineages from a common stem cell population. The expression of vomeronasal and olfactory receptors follow power law distributions, but there is high variability in average expression levels between individual receptor and cell types. Substantial co-expression is found between receptors across clades, from different classes, and between olfactory and VRs, with nearly half from pairs located on the same chromosome. Interestingly, the expression of V2r, but not V1r, genes is associated with various transcription factors, suggesting distinct mechanisms of receptor choice associated with the two cell types. We identify association between transcription factors, surface axon guidance molecules, and individual VRs, thereby uncovering a molecular code that guides the specification of the vomeronasal circuitry. Our study provides a wealth of data on the development and organization of the accessory olfactory system at both cellular and molecular levels to enable a deeper understanding of vomeronasal system function.
Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management with Foliar Application of Mono Potassium Phosphate on Soil Health in Cultivation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Var. Mohini 34
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Thomas Tarence , Kumar Kamlendra , Thomas Ashima
Published: June 2024

The study was conducted during the Kharif season of 2023-24 at the Soil Science Crop Research Farm, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The investigation focused on the impact of various treatments on soil health. The findings revealed several significant outcomes: Regarding soil health parameters, the application of integrated nutrient management (INM) and foliar application of Mono Potassium Phosphate (MKP) influenced bulk density, particle density, pore space, water retaining capacity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon content, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil. Notably, certain treatments led to a decrease in bulk density and EC, while enhancing organic carbon content and nutrient availability in the soil. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of integrated nutrient management practices, including foliar application of MKP, in enhancing soil health parameters. These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable agricultural practices aimed at optimizing crop productivity while preserving soil health.
Multivariate Analysis for Designing Okra Crop Ideotype with Enhanced Yields and Strategy Formulation: A Crop Physiology Perspective
Authors: J. Jyothsna , Nadaradjan S. , Shanthi A. , Sundaram V. , Marichamy M.S.
Published: June 2024

A crop ideotype, representing an optimal crop type with higher yield and improved quality, requires minimal input per unit of dry matter produced. This concept aims to amalgamate all yield-contributing traits into a single plant genotype. Our study induced changes in okra plants using various growth regulators, known to positively influence growth, development, and yield. Through rigorous analysis, we identified key traits correlated with yield and proposed an ideal plant phenotype characterized by reduced plant height, leaf area index, and crude fibre content, alongside increased primary branches, chlorophyll content, and fruits plant-1. This phenotype, with a slower fruit maturity rate, offers longer field-stand and shelf-life and accommodates more plants per unit area. Soil drenching with paclobutrazol at 400 ppm emerges as an effective technique to achieve this ideotype. Our findings provide valuable insights for crop breeders to develop cultivars with desired traits and offer crop physiologists strategies for optimizing plant architecture for enhanced yields. Overall, the proposed ideotype, attainable through simple farming practices, promises a rapid solution for yield maximization in okra cultivation.
Impact of Integrated Pest Management Technology Input and Yield Disparities on Cotton Crop in Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra: Principal Component Approach
Authors: Nemade Devyanee K. , Warade Sangita V. , Nandeshwar B. C. , Mahatale P.V.
Published: June 2024

Cotton is a significant crop that is farmed commercially, mostly in the Vidarbha region. It is planted with a focus on controlling insects and pests. In light of this notion, a study was conducted with the primary objectives of ascertaining the degree of adoption of recommended technology in cotton production, analyzing cotton's input utilization at different IPM adoption levels, and estimating the input and yield gap of cotton at different IPM adoption levels. The current study was conducted in the districts of Akola and Buldhana in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State, India. The primary data, which cover the years 2022–2023, were gathered using a straight forward random sample technique. Out of the 120 farmers which were surveyed for IPM adoption technology, 19 were classified as high adopters, meaning their percentage of technology adoption was above 78.11; 79 were classified as medium adopters, meaning their percentage of technology adoption was between 63.35 and 78.11; and 22 were classified as low adopters, meaning their percentage was below 63.34 percentage. The group with a high adoption level used the greatest amount of human labor as a result of input utilization. The highest use of farmyard manure is seen in the high adopter group (30.68 quintals per hectare), which is followed by the medium and low adopter groups (16.80 quintals per hectare and 14.05 quintals per hectare). With a yield per hectare of 16.64 quintals, the high adopter group had the highest yield, followed by the medium adopter group at 14.01 quintals, and the low adopter group at 12.71 quintals. In comparison to the yield gap in the low adopter group, a total of 2.29 quintals yield per hectare was discovered in the medium adopter group, 0.99 quintals per hectare in the high adopter group, and 1.64 quintals per hectare in the low adopter group. Thus, it was observed and proposed that the group with a high adoption level had the highest degree of adoption across all technologies as a result of this experiment. Moreover, there was very little use of trichograma, FYM, light, Pheroman, and yellow sticky traps among low adopter groups.
Evaluating the Mechanical Properties of Fiberglass-reinforced Polymer Bar
Authors: Boateng George Oti , Kankam Charles K. , Mansar Edward C. , Afrifa Russell O. , Kwarteng Felix , Ohene-Coffie Francis , Kpo Selase A. K.
Published: June 2024

This study examined the mechanical characteristics of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars following its introduction in the Ghanaian construction industry. Tensile strength, tensile failure strain, and modulus of elasticity for different GFRP bar diameters were examined. The specimens were investigated according to the provisions in the British Standards. To conduct the tensile strength test on the GFRP, a gripping technique was required to prevent slippage or premature failure. The gripping mechanism comprised a circular steel pipe with an inner diameter of 22mm and 150mm long for gripping on both ends of the specimen where 150mm long of the GFRP bar was implanted into the steel pipe, leaving 300mm of free length. Thus, an appropriate embedment length and adequate pipe size were crucial components in this kind of gripping device. An epoxy mixture with expanding additives and high-strength non-shrink was used to fill the area between the steel pipe and the bar. The GFRP bar sizes used in this test were 10mm, 12mm, and 16mm and their tensile strength from the test results were 1193 N/mm², 1030 N/mm², and 866N/mm² respectively. The modulus of elasticity of the fiberglass also varied for the10mm, 12mm, and 16mm as 54434 MPa (N/mm²), 41711 MPa (N/mm²), and 30516 MPa (N/mm²) respectively. The ultimate strain for 10mm, 12mm, and 16mm was 2.20%, 2.48%, and 2.8% respectively. The measured values of ultimate strength, failure stresses, and axial tensile modulus correspond well with the values published in the relatively limited available literature. From the experimental data, the stress-strain relationship for all bar sizes was a single monotonic straight line. Thus, failure of the bars occurred suddenly without the warning that is usually associated with ductility beyond ultimate/maximum stress. Compared to conventional steel, fiber-reinforced polymers are highly robust and lightweight. Its mechanical properties, however, are linear elastic and lack a prominent yielding stage, which lowers the rates of elongation and failure strain. Furthermore, GFRP usually has a lower elastic modulus than steel, and unlike steel is non-homogeneous and an-isotropic.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Rotary Device Bracket for Automatic Diesel Cylinder Block Line Based on ANSYS Analysis
Authors: Jiming Hu , Yahui Wang , Ya Li
Published: June 2024

Slewing device is the key component of diesel engine cylinder block automatic line, whether its design is reasonable affects the performance of the whole automatic line.In order to enhance its structural rationalization and economic efficiency, taking a certain type of cylinder block automatic line slewing device as the research object, firstly, use Solid Works to carry out three-dimensional modeling, and then use ANSYS Workbench platform to establish finite element models, determine the material properties, constraints and loads of its model, perform static and modal analysis of its bracket to understand its dynamic and static performance, and optimize its dimensions by combining with multi-objective optimization theory,the results show that the optimization effectively reduces the mass of the slewing unit bracket and improves the dynamic and static performance.
Nutritional Status Profile of Toddlers in Cipicung Village, Jatigede District, Sumedang Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Reviani Nia , Tampubolon Christine Handayani
Published: June 2024

Aims: This research aims to determine the nutritional status profile of toddlers in Cipicung Village, Sumedang Regency, West Java for the period November - December 2023
Study Design:  The design of this research is a cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted in Cipicung Village, Jatigede District, Sumedang Regency, West Java from 27th November to 9th December 2023.
Methodology: the samples selected in this studywere all toddlers in Cipicung Village, Jatigede District, Sumedang Regency, West Java. The research sample was 177 toddlers taken using total sampling techniques (where the entire population was used as the research sample).
Results: The nutritional status of toddlers in Cipicung Village, Jatigede District, Sumedang Regency is good nutritional status, although there are still some toddlers who experience malnutrition, undernutrition, and overnutrition. We can see this according to the results of the data obtained as many as 22 toddlers or around 12.4% suffer from malnutrition, this condition of malnutrition is found in the age groups 12-23 months and 24-59 months. Apart from poor nutritional status, some toddlers experience overnutrition. We can see this by finding 9 toddlers experiencing overnutrition or around 5.0%. This condition of overnutrition is spread across several age groups such as the 6-11 month age group, the 12-23 month age group, and the 24-59 month age group. From the data obtained, the nutritional problem among toddlers in Cipicung village is not only malnutrition but also a condition of overnutrition which is often known as a double nutritional problem (double burden).
Conclusion: The prevalence of stunting obtained in this study in Jatigede District in the period November - December 2023 showed a figure as high as 26 people out of 177 people or 15%, this figure shows an increase in stunting rates compared to the August 2023 period which was only around 7.74% with 13 toddlers out of 181 toddlers diagnosed with stunting according to the Integrated Stunting Prevention Information System (SIMPATI).
Real‐time frequency estimation for sinusoidal signals with application to robust fault detection
Authors: Yang Shuonan , Zhao Qing
Published: July 2012

This paper has investigated the problem of estimating unknown frequencies of a given sinusoidal signal with disturbances and noises, as well as its usages for fault detection. On the basis of a parametric linear model of the signal, a gradient estimator with leakage is adopted to identify the frequencies. The estimation mechanism is applied to fault detection, as it achieves not only the tolerance to disturbances but also the sensitivity to faults. Simulations verify the feasibility and capability of the frequency identifier for estimating frequencies and detecting faults. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved Performance of Molecular Bulk‐Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells through Predictable Selection of Solvent Additives
Authors: Graham Kenneth R. , Wieruszewski Patrick M. , Stalder Romain , Hartel Michael J. , Mei Jianguo , So Franky , Reynolds John R.
Published: July 2012

Solvent additives provide an effective means to alter the morphology and thereby improve the performance of organic bulk‐heterojunction photovoltaics, although guidelines for selecting an appropriate solvent additive remain relatively unclear. Here, a family of solvent additives spanning a wide range of Hansen solubility parameters is applied to a molecular bulk‐heterojunction system consisting of an isoindigo and thiophene containing oligomer as the electron donor and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) as the electron acceptor. Hansen solubility parameters are calculated using the group contribution method and compared with the measured solubilities for use as a screening method in solvent additive selection. The additives are shown to alter the morphologies in a semipredictable manner, with the poorer solvents generally resulting in decreased domain sizes, increased hole mobilities, and improved photovoltaic performance. The additives with larger hydrogen bonding parameters, namely triethylene glycol (TEG) and N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP), are demonstrated to increase the open circuit voltage by ~0.2 V. Combining a solvent additive observed to increase short circuit current, poly(dimethylsiloxane), with TEG results in an increase in power conversion efficiency from 1.4 to 3.3%.
Recombination Through Different Types of Localized States in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Street Robert A. , Krakaris Alexa , Cowan Sarah R.
Published: July 2012

Recombination in bulk heterojunction solar cells is explored by observing the result of prolonged white light illumination, thermal annealing to high temperature, and chemical doping. Measurements of the photocurrent spectral response, the steady state photocurrent‐voltage characteristics, transient photoconductivity and the dark forward bias current on polymer:fullerene solar cells provide information about the density of states and the electronic properties. Illumination generates deep localized states in the interface gap, which act as recombination centers and also increase the diode ideality factor. Annealing induces both nanostructural and electronic changes. The coarsening of the domain structure reduces the probability that excitons reach the interfaces and also reduces the charge transfer absorption. At the same time annealing broadens the exponential band tails and increases the recombination rate. Doping introduces shallow states near the fullerene conduction band, which also act as recombination centers. The results show that recombination is through localized states of different character, depending on the circumstances.
A Natural Silk Fibroin Protein‐Based Transparent Bio‐Memristor
Authors: Hota Mrinal K. , Bera Milan K. , Kundu Banani , Kundu Subhas C. , Maiti Chinmay K.
Published: July 2012

The recent discovery of nanoelectronics memristor devices has opened up a new wave of enthusiasm and optimism in revolutionizing electronic circuit design, marking the beginning of new era for the advancement of neuromorphic, high‐density logic and memory applications. Here a highly non‐linear dynamic response of a bio‐memristor is demonstrated using natural silk cocoon fibroin protein of silkworm, Bombyx mori. A film that is transparent across most of the visible spectrum is obtained with the electronic‐grade silk fibroin aqueous solution of ca. 2% (wt/v). Bipolar memristive switching is demonstrated; the switching mechanism is confirmed to be the filamentary switching as observed by probing local conduction behavior at nanoscale using scanning tunneling microscopy. The memristive transition is elucidated by a physical model based on the carrier trapping or detrapping in silk fibroin films and this appears to be due to oxidation and reduction procedures, as evidenced from cyclic voltammetry measurements. Hence, silk fibroin protein could be used as a biomaterial for bio‐memristor devices for applications in advanced bio‐inspired very large scale integration circuit design as well as in biologically inspired synapse links for energy‐efficient neuromorphic computing.
Surface‐Confined Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization from Sacrificial Mesoporous Silica Nanospheres for Preparing Mesoporous Polymer/Carbon Nanospheres with Faithful Shape Replication: Functional Mesoporous Materials
Authors: Banerjee Sanjib , Paira Tapas K. , Kotal Atanu , Mandal Tarun K.
Published: July 2012

A facile approach for the preparation of mesoporous polymer nanospheres (MPN) and mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCN) with complete shape retention based on surface‐confined atom transfer radical polymerization of various methacrylate monomers from in situ generated initiator‐modified hard silica nanospheres template is developed. This approach yields mesoporous silica‐polymer hybrid nanospheres (MSPN) with mesopores that are uniformly filled with covalently attached well‐defined poly(methacrylate)s. The silica frameworks are subsequently etched, resulting in MPN. Pyrolysis of MSPN and subsequent removal of silica template resulted in the production of MCN. They retain the size, shape, and mesoporous ordering of the silica template nanospheres. Gel permeation chromatography analysis of the silica free polymers reveals that they have controlled molecular weights and low polydispersities (PDIs). Kinetics studies reveal that the molecular weight of the grafted polymer increases linearly with time, maintaining low PDIs, indicating the living nature of the polymerization. The mesoporous polymer material is found to have low dielectric constant, which paves the way for their use as low‐dielectric constant materials in microelectronics. This approach allows fabrication of functional MPN using functional comonomers, which are successfully used for the synthesis of “clickable” mesoporous polymer nanospheres, removal of ionic contaminates through anion exchange, and glucose sensing.
Linewidth‐Optimized Extraordinary Optical Transmission in Water with Template‐Stripped Metallic Nanohole Arrays
Authors: Lee Si Hoon , Johnson Timothy W. , Lindquist Nathan C. , Im Hyungsoon , Norris David J. , Oh Sang‐Hyun
Published: July 2012

The experimental observation of unusually sharp plasmon resonance peaks in periodic Ag nanohole arrays made using template stripping is reported. The extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) peak associated with the surface plasmon polaritons at the smooth Ag‐water interface shows a well‐defined Fano‐type profile with a linewidth below 10 nm at a wavelength of around 700 nm. Notably, this sharp and intense radiant peak (Q factor of 71) is obtained at visible frequencies in water and at normally incident illumination. This is accomplished by obtaining high‐quality Ag surfaces with a roughness below 1 nm, which reduces the imaginary component of the Ag dielectric function that is associated with material damping, as well as shrinking the nanohole radius to decrease radiative damping of plasmons. The localized spectral response of the radiant plasmon peak is characterized using the nanohole array in water in a layer‐by‐layer fashion via sequential atomic layer deposition of Al2O3. Because the ultrasharp EOT peak is obtained with excellent uniformity over a centimeter‐sized area from the metallic nanohole array in water, these template‐stripped nanohole arrays will benefit many practical applications based on EOT.