bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota of the threatened takahē: biogeographic patterns and conservation implications
Authors: West Annie
Published: September 2024

The Aotearoa New Zealand takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri), once thought to be extinct, is a nationally threatened flightless rail under intensive conservation management. While there has been previous research into disease-related microbes in takahē, little is known about the microbes present in the gastrointestinal tract. Given the importance of gut-associated microbes to herbivore nutrition and immunity, knowledge of these communities is likely to be of considerable conservation value. Here we examined the gut microbiotas of 57 takahē at eight separate locations across Aotearoa New Zealand. Faecal samples, taken as a proxy for the hindgut bacterial community, were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using Illumina MiSeq. Phylogenetic analysis of more than 2200 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) revealed nine main bacterial phyla (Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Campilobacterota, Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, Planctomycetota, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobiota) that accounted for the majority of sequence reads. Location was a significant effect (p value lower than 0.001, 9999 permutations) that accounted for 32% of the observed microbiota variation. One ASV, classified as Lactobacillus aviarius, was present in all samples at an average relative abundance of 17% (SD = 23.20). There was strong evidence (p = 0.002) for a difference in the abundance of the genus Lactobacillus between locations. A common commensal bacterium previously described in takahē, Campylobacter spp., was also detected in most faecal samples. Location plays a pivotal role in the observed variation among takahē gut bacterial communities and is potentially due to factors such as supplemental feeding and medical treatment experienced by birds housed in captivity at one of the eight sampled sites. These data present a first glimpse of the previously unexplored takahē gut microbiota and provide a baseline for future microbiological studies and conservation efforts.

Link to OA paper: https://animalmicrobiome.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s42523-021-00158-5#Abs1
Unraveling the role of KNOTTED OF BRACHYPODIUM 7 in grass-specific cell wall development
Authors: Khahani Bahman
Published: September 2024

The synthesis and deposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in xylem and fiber cells is a key aspect of plant growth. KNOTTED-LIKE HOMEOBOX OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 7 (KNAT7) is a transcriptional repressor of secondary cell wall thickening. A rabidopsis thaliana mutants have thicker interfascicular fiber walls and more lignin. Mutants of the closest rice ortholog show thicker interfascicular fiber walls, but without a reported change in lignin content. To further investigation the function of this genes in regulating secondary cell wall synthesis in grasses, mutant and overexpression lines of the Brachypodium distachyon KNAT7 ortholog, KNOTTED OF BRACHYPODIUM 7 (KNOB7) were generated. Stem interfascicular fiber wall thickness increased in the mutants and decreased in KNOB7 overexpressing plants. A similar trend was observed in the mutant related to the lignin composition, hydroxycinnamic acids and cell wall polysaccharide content. DNA affinity purification sequencing revealed 3,228 binding sites. Target genes were significantly enriched for phenylpropanoid pathway genes. The DNA target sequence of KNOB7 protein was a W-box like sequence, TTGAC. Our findings reveal that KNOB7 interacts with the W-box element to repress lignin biosynthesis and wall thickening.
Genome-centric analysis of short and long read metagenomes reveals uncharacterized microbiome diversity in Southeast Asians
Authors: Gounot Jean-Sebastien
Published: September 2024

Despite extensive efforts to address it, the vastness of uncharacterized ‘dark matter’ microbial genetic diversity can impact short-read sequencing based metagenomic studies. Population-specific biases in genomic reference databases can further compound this problem. Leveraging advances in long-read and Hi-C technologies, we deeply characterized 109 gut microbiomes from three ethnicities in Singapore to comprehensively reconstruct 4,497 medium and high-quality metagenome assembled genomes, 1,708 of which were missing in short-read only analysis and with less than 28 N50 improvement. Species-level clustering identified 70 (less than 10% of total) novel gut species out of 685, improved reference genomes for 363 species (53% of total), and discovered 3,413 strains that are unique to these populations. Among the top 10 most abundant gut bacteria in our study, one of the species and less than 80% of all strains were not represented in existing databases. Annotation of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) uncovered more than 27,000 BGCs with a large fraction (36-88%) not represented in current databases, and with several unique clusters predicted to produce bacteriocins that could significantly alter microbiome community structure. These results reveal the significant uncharacterized gut microbial diversity in Southeast Asian populations and highlight the utility of hybrid metagenomic references for bioprospecting and disease-focused studies.
Toward the development of defined microbial therapeutics
Authors: Honda Kenya
Published: September 2024

Trillions of microorganisms transit through and reside in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract each day, collectively producing thousands of small molecules and metabolites with local and systemic effects on host physiology. Identifying effector microorganisms that causally affect host phenotype and deciphering the underlying mechanisms have become foci of microbiome research and have begun to enable the development of microbiota-based therapeutics. Two complementary, reductionist approaches have commonly been used: the first starts with a specific phenotype (such as immune cell induction) and narrows down the microbiota to identify responsible effector bacteria, while the second starts with bacteria-derived molecules and metabolites and seeks to understand their effects on the human physiology. Together, these strategies provide the basis for the rational design of microbiota-targeted therapeutics to ameliorate specific diseases and conditions.
A novel taurine-respiring murine gut bacterium contributes to colonization resistance against enteropathogens
Authors: Ye Huimin
Published: September 2024

Taurine-respiring gut bacteria produce H2S with ambivalent impact on host health. We report the isolation and genomic-ecophysiological characterization of the first taurine-respiring mouse gut bacterium. Taurinivorans muris represents a new widespread species with protective capacity against pathogens and differs from the human gut sulfidogen Bilophila wadsworthia in its sulfur metabolism and host distribution. Despite alternative physiologies, taurine respiration was the main in vivo lifestyle of T. muris independent of mouse diet and genotype. In gnotobiotic mice, T. muris selectively enhanced the activity of a sulfur metabolism gene-encoding prophage and provided slightly increased colonization resistance against Salmonella Typhimurium, which showed reduced expression of galactonate catabolism genes. We identified T. muris as the dominant sulfidogen of a mouse microbiota that conferred H2S-mediated protection against Klebsiella pneumoniae in a previous study. Together, we revealed the realized physiological niche of a key murine gut sulfidogen and its impact on pathogen and phage gene expression.

Link to OA paper: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.10.05.510937v1
Leveraging explainable AI for gut microbiome-based colorectal cancer classification
Authors: Rynazal Ryza
Published: September 2024

Studies have shown a link between colorectal cancer (CRC) and gut microbiome compositions. In these studies, machine learning is used to infer CRC biomarkers using global explanation methods. While these methods allow the identification of bacteria generally correlated with CRC, they fail to recognize species that are only influential for some individuals. In this study, we investigate the potential of Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) for a more personalized CRC biomarker identification. Analyses of five independent datasets show that this method can even separate CRC subjects into subgroups with distinct CRC probabilities and bacterial biomarkers.

Link to OA paper: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-023-02858-4
Large-scale genome-wide analysis links lactic acid bacteria from food with the gut microbiome
Authors: Pasolli Edoardo
Published: September 2024

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are fundamental in the production of fermented foods and several strains are regarded as probiotics. Large quantities of live LAB are consumed within fermented foods, but it is not yet known to what extent the LAB we ingest become members of the gut microbiome. By analysis of 9445 metagenomes from human samples, we demonstrate that the prevalence and abundance of LAB species in stool samples is generally low and linked to age, lifestyle, and geography, with Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis being most prevalent. Moreover, we identify genome-based differences between food and gut microbes by considering 666 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) newly reconstructed from fermented food microbiomes along with 154,723 human MAGs and 193,078 reference genomes. Our large-scale genome-wide analysis demonstrates that closely related LAB strains occur in both food and gut environments and provides unprecedented evidence that fermented foods can be indeed regarded as a possible source of LAB for the gut microbiome.

link to the OA-paper https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16438-8
A Resource of Microbiome Benchmark Datasets with Biological Ground Truth
Authors: Tuz Samuel Gamboa
Published: September 2024

Little consensus exists about which statistical methods are most suitable for identifying differentially abundant (DA) taxa in microbiome research. A limitation of benchmarking DA methods is the lack of datasets with ground truth. Here, we introduce the MicrobiomeBenchmarkData package/resource of datasets with known biological ground truth and varying ecological complexity. We compiled and standardized three datasets: 1) a high-diversity dataset from the Human Microbiome Project contrasting subgingival and supragingival oral plaques using both 16S and shotgun data, 2) a low-diversity 16S dataset of healthy vaginal and bacterial vaginosis samples, and 3) a 16S spike-in dataset containing fixed amounts of foreign spiked-in bacteria across stool samples of patients who underwent allogeneic stem transplantation. We used the first two datasets to benchmark 17 differential abundance methods broadly categorized as classical, compositional, microbiome-specific, RNA-seq, and scRNA-seq tests. We used the third dataset to assess low variability of spiked-in bacteria. Overall, RNAseq methods performed best in the high-diversity dataset (gingiva) while most methods performed well in the low-diversity dataset (vagina). Notably, compositional methods proposed specifically for microbiome data analysis, performed equivalently to other methods in the high-complexity dataset but produced spurious results in the low-diversity dataset and increased unwanted variability of spike-in bacteria. The MicrobiomeBenchmarkData project aims to be a gold-standard resource of microbiome datasets for benchmarking DA methods based on biologically relevant signatures, following the data FAIRness principles of Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability. Datasets are available as TSV text files through Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6911026), and as TreeSummarizedExperiment class objects through the MicrobiomeBenchmarkData R/Bioconductor package (https://waldronlab.io/MicrobiomeBenchmarkData).
The microbiome assembly: effect of environment and birthmode
Authors: Bello Maria Gloria Dominguez
Published: September 2024

Mammals develop in utero under sterile conditions and acquire the pioneer microbial colonizers during and after birth. C-section entitles missing the exposure to maternal microbes during birth and has long lasting effects on the infant microbiome structure. Labor experience and the environment can also have effects on the assembly of the early life microbiome.

Link to paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-33995-7
Mapping the functionality of the microbiome using metabolic phenotyping
Authors: Holmes Elaine
Published: September 2024

The contribution of the gut microbiota to human health and disease is undisputed, yet the mechanisms by which the microbiome exerts its effects remain poorly understood. Co-evolution of host and microbiome has influenced the functionality of both the microbiome and host such that metabolic complementarity exists within the microbiota and that critical biosynthetic pathways are provided for the host that significantly extend host metabolic capacity. Of all the ‘omics’ technologies, metabonomics provides one of the most accessible windows on investigating the impact of the microbiome on human health since metabolic profiles of easily obtainable biofluids such as blood plasma and urine carry information relating both to genetic and environmental influences, including microbiome-diet and microbiome-xenobiotic interactions. High resolution spectroscopy together with multivariate mathematical modelling has been used to model the metabolic consequences of perturbing the microbiota and to profile the effects of nutritional interventions on both the metabolism and the microbiome. Basic studies in germ free and antibiotic-treated animals have shown stark changes in the urinary and faecal metabolomes, which are largely restored to ‘normal’ following recolonization. Recent research indicates that the microbial metabolites can be predictive of response to drug treatment and to diet. This presentation describes the use of metabolic profiling to evaluate the impact of the gut microbiome on human health and focuses on applications in early and later life.
The interplay of biotic and abiotic factors shapes tree root endophyte communities and seedling growth
Authors: Faticov Maria
Published: September 2024

Root endophytic microbes can alleviate plant abiotic stresses, thus potentially supporting adaptation to a changing climate during plant range shifts. While climate change is extending plant fundamental niches northward, the distribution and colonization of mutualists (e.g., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and pathogens may constrain plant growth and regeneration. Yet, the degree to which biotic and abiotic factors impact plant performance and associated microbial communities at the edge of their distribution remains unclear. Here, we used root microscopy analysis, coupled with short marker sequencing, to study bacterial, fungal, and mycorrhizal root endophytic communities from sugar maple seedlings distributed across two temperate-to-boreal elevational gradients in southern Québec, Canada. Our findings demonstrate that soil pH, soil Ca, and distance to sugar maple trees are key drivers of root endophyte microbial communities, overshadowing the influence of elevation. Interestingly, changes in root fungal community composition mediated an indirect effect of soil pH on seedling growth, a pattern consistent at both sites. Overall, our findings highlight a complex role of biotic and abiotic factors in shaping tree-microbe interactions, which are in turn impacting seedling growth. These findings have important implications for tree range expansion in response to shifting climatic conditions.
Comprehensive analyses of a large human gut Bacteroidales culture collection reveal species and strain level diversity and evolution
Authors: Zhang Zhenrun Jerry
Published: September 2024

Species of the Bacteroidales order are among the most abundant and stable bacterial members of the human gut microbiome with diverse impacts on human health. While Bacteroidales strains and species are genomically and functionally diverse, order-wide comparative analyses are lacking. We cultured and sequenced the genomes of 408 Bacteroidales isolates from healthy human donors representing nine genera and 35 species and performed comparative genomic, gene-specific, mobile gene, and metabolomic analyses. Families, genera, and species could be grouped based on many distinctive features. However, we also show extensive DNA transfer between diverse families, allowing for shared traits and strain evolution. Inter- and intra-specific diversity is also apparent in the metabolomic profiling studies. This highly characterized and diverse Bacteroidales culture collection with strain-resolved genomic and metabolomic analyses can serve as a resource to facilitate informed selection of strains for microbiome reconstitution.
STRATEGIES OF THE ENTERTAINMENT DISCOURSE BASED ON THE BRAND ECOLOGICAL HOLIDAYS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: SAMUSEVICH D.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the research of the Russian entertainment discourse. In the article an analysis of news materials in Russian is carried out. The materials contain information about brand holidays in the Republic of Belarus with the aim to determine the communicative strategies, that are used for the achievement of the main goals set by the authors of the news articles. As a result of the research the terms “brand holiday”, “territorial brand holiday” are defined and the communicative strategies and tactics of the entertainment discourse in Russian are identified, as well as the lexical means of explication of these strategies and tactics.
INTEGRAL SIGNS OF SYNONYMY VERBAL PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH A SUBCATEGORICAL MEANING OF ACTIVITY
Authors: MARSHEUSKAYA V.
Published: September 2024

The author makes an attempt to clarify the basic conceptual apparatus – phraseological synonyms, a synonymic series – of verbal phraseological units with a subcategorical meaning of activity. The main research methods are the method of semantic identification, the method of component analysis, descriptive and analytical. It is established that the analyzed synonymous phraseological units form synonymous series, in the semantic structure of which there are such semantic features as the categorical meaning of an action (process), the subcategorical meaning of an activity, the integral seme of a concrete or abstract activity. Phraseological units-synonyms with the meaning of abstract activity-prevail. At the denotative level, phraseological synonyms cannot be interchanged in any context: differences in etymological images, unique internal form, diverse expressive and evaluative coloring exclude the possibility of adequate replacement. In the process of functioning, verbal phraseological units-synonyms have a complex interweaving of semantic, grammatical, and stylistic characteristics, which secures for them the position of partial interchangeability. The results obtained can be used in the theory and practice of lexicography and phraseography.
ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT STATE
OF THE PRONUNCIATION NORM IN FRENCH LANGUAGE
Authors: USTINOVICH V.
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the development and current state of the French pronunciation norm. Learning a foreign language pronunciation in its standard variant is a difficult task not only due to the need to master new articulatory gestures, but also to understand what is normative in pronunciation. For the French language, which has more than 90 million native speakers, the issue is particularly acute. Since the establishment of French as a state language, the choice of pronunciation standard was based on the pronunciation of certain social groups (royal nobility, educated classes, radio presenters) and geographical boundaries (Paris, Ile-de-France region, major cities of France). The codification of the French pronunciation norm has evolved from strictly prescriptive to reflecting the maximum possible variants. The recent decades researches reveal a lack of uniformity in the pronunciation of native speakers, even within a homogeneous group. The modern pronunciation norm indicates the absence of a single rigid pattern and its wide regional variability.
The Historical Origins and Contemporary Role of the Endoscopic Treatment for Urethral Stricture Disease
Authors: Jain Kunal , Jain Umesh
Published: September 2024

Introduction Stricture of the urethra has plagued humans likely longer than the historical record. Modern approaches to urethral stricture disease (USD) include excision and primary anastomosis, buccal mucosal onlay repair, and the emerging potential of tissue regeneration. Those who managed patients with USD benefits from a compelling narrative shaped by centuries of medical advancements, societal attitudes, and evolving treatment techniques. Urethral dilation and urethrotomy remain important tools in general urology, especially for those with short, benign appearing strictures. We explore the historical origins and developments of dilation and urethrotomy for the treatment of urethral stricture disease (USD). Sources and Methods Primary and secondary sources related to USD were reviewed and put into perspective within current practices. Results The earliest known treatment for USD is from the Ayurveda, in which its founder used urethral dilators lubricated with ghee. Erasistratus of Greece was said to have developed S-shaped metal catheters around 200 BCE, adapted and modernized by the Romans who used lead and bronze dilators. A renewed focus on USD arose in the 16th century during the first recorded gonorrhea epidemic and a primitive form of internal urethrotomy was developed. The introduction of the lanceolate-shaped catheter in 1795 allowed for successful internal urethrotomy. In the 1990s, Freid and Smith described a Seldinger technique for dilation over a wire and Steenkamp et al. demonstrated equivalent outcomes between filiform dilation and direct visual internal urethrotomy. In 2007, Herschorn of Canada introduced S-shaped coaxial urethral dilators; In 2011, Gelman et al. described direct vision balloon dilation. Recently, drug-coated balloon dilation is being investigated. Conclusions The origins of the endoscopic treatment of USD can be traced back to over 26 centuries ago and are dependent on corresponding advances in microchip development, fiber optics, and tissue regeneration.
Harnessing AI for Educational Transformation: A Comparative Study of China, India and Pakistan
Authors: Shoukat Rubia
Published: September 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming education globally, enhancing learning experiences and outcomes through personalised learning, automated grading and smart content. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the extent to which AI technology is implemented in the educational systems of China and India, highlighting key initiatives, successes and challenges. Based on these findings, recommendations are made for Pakistan to adopt similar strategies to enhance its educational landscape. The study determined that AI has been extensively adopted and utilised in education by various educational institutions in multiple forms. Initially, AI manifested through computers and related technologies, evolving into web-based and online intelligent education systems. Eventually, the integration of embedded computer systems and other technologies led to the use of humanoid robots and web-based chatbots to perform instructors’ duties, either independently or alongside human instructors. Additionally, these systems leverage machine learning and adaptability to customise and personalise curriculum and content to meet students’ needs, which has enhanced student engagement and retention, thereby improving the overall learning experience and quality of education.
"A Comprehensive Review On The Assessment Of Anxiety, Stress, And Quality Of Life Among Mothers Of Pediatric Patients: Perceptions Of Health Care Trajectories In Selected Hospitals In Bangalore"
Authors: Easow Tincy Mariam , Dias Dr. Edwin
Published: September 2024

The hospitalisation of children in pediatric units imposes substantial psychological and emotional burdens on mothers, often exacerbating anxiety and stress while diminishing their quality of life. This review aims to synthesise existing research on these challenges, focusing specifically on hospitals in Bangalore. This comprehensive review analysed 45 studies conducted between 2000 and 2023, sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Studies were selected based on their relevance to anxiety, stress, and quality of life among mothers of pediatric patients in Bangalore and included both quantitative and qualitative research. The review revealed that anxiety levels among mothers were significantly high, with approximately 70% of studies reporting moderate to severe anxiety. Contributing factors included uncertainty about the child’s health, financial pressures, and insufficient support from healthcare providers. Similarly, 80% of the studies indicated elevated stress levels due to prolonged hospital stays, frequent medical appointments, and the need to balance caregiving with other responsibilities. Quality of life was notably impacted, with mothers experiencing chronic fatigue, sleep disturbances, and social isolation. Mixed perceptions of healthcare trajectories were noted, with many mothers expressing dissatisfaction due to long waiting times and bureaucratic hurdles. The findings underscore the urgent need for improved communication between healthcare providers and families, enhanced support systems within hospitals, and targeted interventions to address these mothers' psychological and emotional needs. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to understand the long-term impacts of caregiving on mothers' mental health and quality of life. Addressing these challenges through empathetic care and comprehensive support programs can significantly improve the well-being of mothers and the overall healthcare experience.
The Influence of Water Cycle Diorama as a Learning Medium on Enhancing Learning Motivation of Grade V Students at SDN 1 Keling, Jepara Regency
Authors: Handayani Intan Oktavia , Saputra Henry Januar , Reffiane Fine
Published: September 2024

The water cycle learning in Grade V at SDN 1 Keling still uses conventional methods like lectures and textbooks, leading to low student motivation and engagement. Interactive media, such as Dioramas, are believed to be more effective in helping students understand abstract concepts. This study examines the use of Dioramas in water cycle lessons and their impact on student motivation. Using a quasi-experimental method with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design, students showed a significant increase in motivation and learning outcomes after being taught with Dioramas. The findings suggest that Dioramas are effective in enhancing student motivation, and it is recommended that teachers use varied learning media consistently. Future research should explore other factors that may further boost student motivation.
Ageing Society: Tantangan Dan Strategi Model Pentahelix Di Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Hani Puspita Dewi  , Alma Febriana  , Silvia Arnita Prabintari
Published: September 2024

Periode kehidupan seorang lanjut usia (lansia) mengalami penurunan baik fisik dan sosial. Hal ini menimbulkan permasalahan dan ketergantungan pada kelompok lebih muda. Tulisan ini akan memberikan konsep dan pemikiran terkait isu peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial lansia melalui model pentahelix. Model pentahelix ini dapat sebagai strategi bagi pemangku kepentingan untuk mengkolaborasikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial lansia. Pemangku kepentingan yang dimaksud yaitu akademisi, perusahaan melalui program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), masyarakat, media dan pemerintah. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif menggunakan analisa soft ware Nvivo 12 plus. Melalui penelitian ini dapat menghasilkan rekomendasi atas dasar kajian literatur yang telah dilakukan dengan tujuan peningkatan program layanan kesejahteraan sosial lansia lintas pemangku kepentingan.
Slučaj pjesme za djecu »Dom« Vinka Kosa
Authors: Mikulaco Daniel
Published: September 2024

U radu se istražuje povijest nastanka, autorstva i prisutnosti u školskim udžbenicima pjesme »Dom«, jedne od najpopularnijih uglazbljenih dječjih pjesama u posljednjih osamdesetak godina u Hrvatskoj te susjednim državama nastalim raspadom Jugoslavije (SFRJ). Nastoji se prikazati dijakronijska povijest pjesme od njezina nastanka pa do današnjih dana. Komparativno, tekstološki, kritički i semantički, temeljem provedenog arhivskog istraživanja i primjene svojevrsne literarne detekcije, analizira se sadržaj više postojećih inačica teksta pjesme te propituje odnos između domoljubnoga i religijskoga konteksta nasuprot cenzuri i ideološkom diktatu vremena.
Župnik, mecena, političar – župnikovanje Jurja Žerjavića u Mariji Bistrici (1875. – 1910.)
Authors: Klaužer Vedran
Published: September 2024

Biografija bistričkog župnika i pravaša Jurja Žerjavića u njezinim osnovnim crtama dobro je poznata hrvatskoj historiografiji. Osobito ju je obrađivala ona koja se bavila političkom poviješću 19. stoljeća jer je Žerjavić od 1880-ih bio eksponirani podupiratelj i pripadnik Stranke prava, čije je ideje i programe zastupao i kao saborski zastupnik (1897. – 1902.). Poznato je i njegovo djelovanje u vidu obnove marijanskog svetišta u Mariji Bistrici od 1879. do 1883. godine pod vodstvom arhitekta Hermana Bolléa. Manje je poznato Žerjavićevo gospodarsko i pastoralno djelovanje unutar marijabistričke župe u tridesetpetogodišnjem župnikovanju kada je sudjelovao u raznim lokalnim aktivnostima koje su utjecale na napredak i modernizaciju Marije Bistrice. Osobito se to manifestiralo u Žerjavićevoj suradnji s lokalnim vlastima ili vlastitim inicijativama u poboljšanju lokalnog školstva. Osim brige o svetištu i pastoralnog rada, Žerjavić je u Bistrici stvarao i razne diplomatske veze s pripadnicima kako lokalnog stanovništva tako i sa svojim pomoćnicima kapelanima. Isprepletenost Žerjavićeva župničkog djelovanja i političkog angažmana neodvojiv je dio njegove biografije i velikog razdoblja života provedenog u Mariji Bistrici. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati njegov angažman i involviranost u razne segmente lokalne događajnice Marije Bistrice u navedenim trima desetljećima župnikovanja kako bi se upotpunila ta dosada nepoznata slika i segment njegove biografije.
Intervencije Martina Frankapana u crkvenu strukturu Goričkog arhiđakonata Zagrebačke biskupije sredinom 15. stoljeća
Authors: Matić Tomislav
Published: September 2024

U ovome članku analiziraju se tri aspekta intervencije Martina IV. Frankapana u crkvenu strukturu Goričkog arhiđakonata Zagrebačke biskupije. Prvi dio analize proučava sukob sa zagrebačkim Kaptolom oko prikupljanja desetina na posjedima Lipovca i Steničnjaka. Martin Frankapan po stjecanju tih vlastelinstava nije dozvoljavao da se na njima prikupljaju crkvene desetine, nego ih je pridržavao sebi, u slučaju Steničnjaka uz isplaćivanje određene kompenzacije Kaptolu. Posljednji od tih sporova okončan je 1464. godine, kada je Martin pristao isplatiti Kaptolu odštetu. Druge dvije analize tiču se Martinove izgradnje Župe sv. Leonarda i stjecanja hodočasničkih oprosta za župnu crkvu Blažene Djevice Marije na lipovečkom vlastelinstvu. Položaj tih župnih crkava dosad nije bio određen, a u ovome ih se radu ubicira u Liplje kod Bosiljeva i Goricu Svetojansku. Zaključeno je da je Martinovo nastojanje oko prisvajanja crkvenih desetina bilo vjerojatno motivirano željom za učvršćivanjem kontrole nad crkvenom strukturom njegovih vlastelinstava. Također je zaključeno da se barem dio motivacije sastojao od duhovne dobrobiti stanovnika njegovih posjeda.
Cultura de paz, formación en ciudadanía y derechos humanos: Eje para la construcción de sociedades democráticas y plurales
Authors: Morales Carrero Jesús Alfredo
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación, como resultado de una revisión documental, tiene como propósito integrar las posiciones teóricas, epistémicas y prácticas en torno a la cultura de paz, formación en ciudadanía y derechos humanos. Estas dimensiones se proponen como el eje transversal que, incluido en el currículum, posibilite la construcción de sociedades democráticas y plurales.
El enfoque se centra en la promoción de valores universales, con énfasis en la configuración de recursos actitudinales y comportamentales que refuercen los pilares de la vida en comunidad. Se busca así la recuperación del tejido social, la reconciliación y la configuración de contextos donde prime el bien común, el trato justo y equitativo entre los miembros, y un desempeño funcional que redunde en la calidad de vida. En resumen, la coexistencia digna se relaciona con la enseñanza significativa de valores humanos universales, reconociendo la autodeterminación, la autonomía personal y el trato equitativo entre los individuos. Este enfoque apunta a la formación integral de ciudadanos capaces de contribuir positivamente a la construcción de sociedades basadas en la paz, la democracia y la inclusión.
La investigación científica como tendencia en la juventud universitaria
Authors: Dávila Flores Sandra del Carmen
Published: September 2024

La investigación científica forma parte de una de las funciones principales de las instituciones de educación superior. Este trabajo expone diferentes estrategias para el fomento de las habilidades investigativas en los futuros profesionales desde las aulas de clases. De igual forma se identifican los elementos potenciales para la promoción de esta actividad académica. Para ello, se tomó como referencia el aporte de estudiantes y docentes del Taller de Redacción Científica de cuatro áreas de conocimiento de la UNAN-Managua. Como uno de los resultados para que la investigación sea una tendencia en la población joven está la concepción del docente como pilar en el desarrollo social, constructivo y compromiso por la investigación científica. Su didáctica, el rol y la importancia de ser un modelo para seguir, son valorados significativamente por el estudiantado que requiere de una orientación oportuna en el desarrollo de sus competencias y valores de forma integral, personal y colectiva con base en una educación transformadora.
Voces del Sandinismo Histórico
Authors: Peralta Picado Ercilia Yolet , Cabezas Gallo Daphne Isabella
Published: September 2024

El presente álbum etnográfico “Voces del Sandinismo Histórico” es una recopilación de historias no contadas que se reflejan a través de fotografías, las cuales forman parte de los recuerdos que aún viven en la memoria de hombres y mujeres que no buscaban ningún tipo de reconocimiento, sin embargo, asumieron el compromiso, amor y entrega a la patria, su propósito era la liberación de Nicaragua de las garras de la dictadura Somocista que había sometido al país a la pobreza, analfabetismo, explotación y represión, en este contexto ser joven era un delito.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON VITRIFICATION OF CRYOPROTECTANTS USING THIN-FILM EVAPORATION OF NITROGEN
Authors: Roth Vidaletti Henrique , Renan Stochero Da Silva Alisson , Biancon Copetti Jacqueline , Henrique Macagnan Mario , Dichi De Oliveira Jeferson , Maria Cardoso Elaine , Manetti Leonardo
Published: September 2024

Nitrogen thin film evaporation is a novel technique applied to cryopreservation, which aims to improve the preservation of biological samples at ultra-low temperatures. Cryopreservation is a critical process used in various fields, including biomedical research, regenerative medicine, and the storage of genetic materials. Traditional cryopreservation methods often suffer from sample damage caused by ice crystal formation and chemical toxicity associated with conventional cryoprotectants. This study developed an experimental apparatus comprising a vacuum chamber and two cryocauteries. The sample is stored in a polydimethylsiloxane-based composite reservoir between two copper plates with a nickel microporous outer surface. This system is suspended inside the chamber, and nitrogen jets promote evaporation. Chamber pressure and sample temperatures are recorded during the experiments. Tests were performed using dimethyl sulfoxide, glycerol and sucrose solutions in phosphate-buffered saline at different concentrations and volumes to evaluate vitrification and cooling rates. Effects of volume and concentration were evaluated, and it was found that vitrification success is directly related to the cryoprotective agent concentration used. In addition, no significant impact on the visual appearance of the samples related to vitrification regarding the sample geometry was observed. The copper foam porous surface resulted in the highest cooling rate, which is associated with the properties of the foam, such as its high thermal conductivity.
AN ECONOMY BASED ON HYDROGEN AND ITS UTILIZATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGIES
Authors: Alessandra dos Santos Kauana , Jacob-Furlan Beatriz , Silveira da Silva Paulo Alexandre , Souza Martins Lauber , Ramirez Sapucaia Matheus Ben-Hur , Silva Ribeiro Gonçalves Rafael , Miléo Taher Dhyogo , Balmant Wellington , Viriato Coelho Vargas José
Published: September 2024

A great technological advent is the use of renewable energies with the objective of promoting the migration of the world energy matrix. For this, alternatives to generate and store energy are sought. Among them, the use of hydrogen stands out - the most abundant chemical element in our universe - produced from various sources, such as natural gas, biomass and water electrolysis, making it a viable option as a renewable fuel, in addition to being considered a source of clean energy, as its burning does not emit gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the main responsible for global warming. In addition, hydrogen can be used in a range of applications, including transportation, power generation, heating and industry, making it versatile with fossil fuels. Its intrinsic properties such as its high energy density become advantageous from the perspective of the economy based on hydrogen. When used in fuel cells, it can generate electricity efficiently and without pollutants, after all, the only emission from the fuel cell system is water. The most common way to produce hydrogen is from natural gas, through a process called steam reforming, where methane from natural gas is combined with water vapor to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide as a by-product. However, this approach still emits CO2, in a smaller amount, when compared to the direct burning of fossil fuels. Another option is the production of hydrogen from biomass, such as agricultural and forestry waste, through gasification processes or anaerobic fermentation, which can be neutral in terms of CO2 emissions, as the carbon released during production is offset by the carbon absorbed. by plants during their growth. In addition, water electrolysis, which uses electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, is another option for producing hydrogen without CO2 emissions when the electricity used comes from renewable sources. With its vast production, hydrogen can be used as a form of renewable energy storage, after all, one of the main limitations of renewable energies, such as solar and wind, is their intermittency, that is, energy generation depends on climatic conditions. Hydrogen can be produced when there is a surplus of renewable energy available, being stored in liquid or gaseous form, in large spoons, facilitating its transport for later use, and also, meeting the growing world energy demand.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR UTILIZING INFRARED IMAGING TO ANALYZE THERMAL RESPONSE AND DIAGNOSE BREAST CANCER
Authors: Holzmann Thomas , Pereira Buabssi Yasmin , Saccol Ana Clara , Jacob-Furlan Beatriz , Souza Martins Lauber , Dalmaso Neto Carlos , Viriato Coelho Vargas José
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer is among the diseases that kill the most women in Brazil and worldwide. The lethality of the disease is related to its stage, that is, to the degree of the disease's involvement in the individual. Early diagnosis is, therefore, of utmost importance to increase the chances of cure and patients' survival. The thermography exam, a safe method free of radiation exposure and physical contact, is capable of detecting the first metabolic alterations caused by a tumor. However, it provides only metabolic information and not anatomical information about the tumor, besides being strongly influenced by environmental factors (humidity, radiation, room temperature) and patient factors (age, breast shape and size). The objective of the work is, therefore, to develop a standardized method of using thermography through infrared imaging for the diagnosis of breast cancer. The method aims to provide anatomical information about the tumor, based on metabolic information from infrared imaging. For this purpose, breast imaging exams will be transformed into 3D STL models and subsequently smoothed and discretized using a uniform cubic mesh. The Method of Volume Elements divides the domain to be studied into control volumes, with each element of the mesh corresponding to a volume element of the breast. Using physical laws and empirical and theoretical correlations for mass, heat, and fluid flow, each volume element can be represented by a system of ordinary differential equations, which indicate the heat exchange and blood flow in each unit. In this way, the internal and surface temperature distributions of the breast as functions of time, space, and known initial and boundary conditions can be calculated. By comparing the obtained surface temperature of the breast and the actual infrared image temperature distribution of the breast, it will be possible to simulate the internal temperature distribution of the breast and obtain a precise estimate of the tumor location. This approach could make thermography more independent of complementary exams, as well as enable accurate early-stage cancer diagnosis and tumor depth prediction.
Are risk takers more likely to be self-employed?
Authors: Trickey Geoff , Toms Simon
Published: September 2024

What does an individual’s desire to be self-employed say about them? The current study sought to understand if self-employed people differed from the general working population on personality and risk-taking propensity dimensions. A personality assessment called the Risk Type Compass was administered to a sample of twenty thousand participants representing a broad subsection of the UK general working population, including 596 who identified their role as ‘self-employed’. Findings indicated that the self-employed group varied significantly on several aspects of riskrelevant personality characteristics, the most notable of which concerned lower scores on the assessment’s ‘risk stability index’. Further variations were observed at the subtheme level, including lower scores on ‘conforming’ and higher scores on the ‘hasty’ subthemes. These significant differences suggest that people’s dispositional tendencies influence their propensity to seek the relative freedom and flexibility self-employment can offer. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Una dramaturgia de nuestro tiempo
Authors: Gidi Blanchet Claudia Elisa
Published: September 2024

Sabina Berman es una dramaturga mexicana con una larga e importante trayectoria, que ha gozado de gran recepción por partedel público, así como del reconocimiento de la crítica especializada. Su teatro se ha caracterizado por la postura crítica que asume ante los problemas más acuciosos de nuestra sociedad. Destaca también el empleo que hace de la risa en sus más diversas tonalidades y manifestaciones artísticas, como el absurdo y la comedia. En este breve ensayo intento mostrar dichas características en tres de sus obras más relevantes: La grieta, Testosterona y Molière.
Sandra Díaz
Authors: Ayala García Patricia
Published: September 2024

Sandra Díaz es una destacada artista mexicana con una vasta trayectoria, reconocida principalmente por su trabajo en el arte del grabado. Originaria de Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Sandra ha consolidado su carrera artística en Chiapas, actualmente reside entre Chiapas, Tlaxcala y Veracruz. Estudió Ingeniería Agrónoma Zootecnista en la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, así como Artes Visuales y Apreciación de las Artes en la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
THE PORTRAIT OF LGBT PRACTICES IN CHILDREN ANIMATION
Authors: Gultom Eva Solina , Nuru Sarniati
Published: September 2024

Media and power are inseparable. In this context, Netflix uses its authority including intellectual agents behind the scenes who have an interest in spreading the doctrine of LGBT ideology and gender inclusion so that it can be accepted by the public including children who are considered vulnerable. This study inquires how LGBT ideology is reproduced in the form of children's animation themes. This study focuses on the pattern of interaction and the spread of LGBT ideology packaged in the form of a children's movie commodity entitled Nimona. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach involving library research. This study shows that the existence of LGBT practices depicted through two prominent characters is no longer shown as a taboo and immoral commodity but is considered as something normal and worthy of consumption and respect.
DEIKSIS SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL LAYANGAN PUTUS KARYA MOMMY ASF: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PRAGMATIK
Authors: Halfian Wa Ode , Sulastri Sri , Asmarita Asmarita
Published: September 2024

This study aims to describe the types and functions of social deixis contained in the novel Layangan Putus by Mommy ASF. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique used is the reading and note-taking technique to mark important parts that are social deixis. The data analysis technique in this study is to group data, describe and analyze data and conclude the results of data analysis. The data in this study were analyzed using the theory of Putrayasa and Filmore. The implications of this study are expected to contribute to the development of linguistics, especially in the field of pragmatics (deixis) which makes the novel the object of study. This study is also expected to be a reference for further researchers in the field of linguistics, especially in the study of deixis. Based on the results of the study and discussion, it can be concluded that the use of social deixis in the novel Layangan Putus by Mommy ASF was found as many as 25 data including social deixis of the type of profession totaling 6 data, nicknames or greetings totaling 14 data and titles totaling 5 data. The forms of social deixis found in the form of words and phrases function to differentiate a person's social level, as politeness or courtesy in language, maintaining social attitudes, differentiating a person's identity and clarifying a person's social position.
Performance analysis of the FB-PLL applied to real time monitoring of deep sleep brainwaves
Authors: Pereira Igor Ribeiro , Santos Cláudio Henrique Gomes dos
Published: September 2024

Repose is indispensable for the human body, one of its main functions being to replenish energy. During sleep, the body's important restorative activities are performed by the organism, which is a basic human need. With awareness of the dimension that sleep represents and the need to improve its quality, the importance of monitoring in real time becomes evident. Based on this, the fast fourier transform is  a technique capable of obtaining characteristics of a signal, such as its frequency, as well as being able to be applied to sleep waves. However, to have a good use, a considerable number of sample experimental cycles is necessary, which demands a certain computational effort. In this sense, this work we sought to apply the Phase-Locked Loop technique. Thus, a Fourier-based synchronization algorithm is proposed to track low-frequency brain waves during sleep. It is also worth noting that this method is capable of performing the estimates in just one cycle. Therefore, the objective is to obtain the estimated curve referring to the frequency and an efficient synchronization algorithm that is able to track deep sleep in real time.