bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internalisasi Nilai-nilai Islam Moderat dalam Proses Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Heriyudanta Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini, pertama, untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis nilai-nilai Islam moderat. Kedua, untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana nilai-nilai Islam moderat diinternalisasikan dalam proses pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan. Data diambil dari berbagai sumber literatur ilmiah seperti buku, jurnal, dan berbagai jenis karya ilmiah yang relevan dengan kajian penelitian. Sedangkan pendekatannya menggunakan pendekatan filosofis. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis dengan metode analisis isi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah, Pertama, nilai-nilai Islam moderat meliputi tawassuth, tawazun, i'tidal, tasamuh, musawah, syura, islah, awlawiyah, qudwah, tahadur, dan sebagainya. Kedua, penyisipan nilai-nilai Islam moderat dalam lembaga pendidikan Indonesia dilakukan dengan membangun lingkungan pendidikan moderat dengan menghadirkan guru dan tenaga kependidikan yang moderat. Selain itu, penyisipan nilai-nilai Islam moderat yang kedua dapat dilakukan melalui kurikulum pendidikan Islam yang menjadi acuan dalam proses pembelajaran sehari-hari di lingkungan lembaga pendidikan Islam. Misalnya memasukkan nilai-nilai Islam moderat melalui tujuan pembelajaran, materi pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran, media pembelajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajaran.
Subtansiasi Nilai-Nilai Jiwa dalam Pendidikan Islam: Perspektif Ibnā
Authors: Prasetia Senata Adi
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article critically explores how to substantiate the values of the soul in Islamic education using Ibn Sinā's perspective. As a discourse that interests Muslim scholars, the concept of the soul has experienced ups and downs and passed through various endless debates. Ibn Sinā as one of the Muslim philosophers concerned with the soul managed to develop a good conception of the soul that received extraordinary attention and appreciation from Muslim philosophers after him, such as al-Ghazāli, Fakhruddin al-Rāzi, Ibn Rushd, and Western scholars. Using an exploratory, descriptive, and analytical approach, this article argues that the soul is a spiritual substance that inspires the body so that it lives, which then becomes a tool for acquiring knowledge and divine (theological) knowledge. The practice of teaching Islamic education, thus, cannot be separated from the touch of Ibn Sinā's soul element. For Sinā, Islamic education must reconsider psychological aspects to develop students' potential naturally to become perfect human beings (insan kamil). AbstrakArtikel ini, secara kritis, mengeksplorasi bagaimana substansiasi nilai kejiwaan dalam Pendidikan Islam menggunakan perspektif Ibn Sinā. Sebagai suatu diskursus yang menyita atensi ilmuwan Muslim, konsep kejiwaan berkembang sedemikian rupa serta membuka ruang dialektika yang beragam. Ibn Sinā, satu dari sekian filsuf Muslim yang concern terhadap kejiwaan, telah berhasil mengembangkan konsepsi kejiwaan dengan sangat baik sehingga mendapat atensi dan apresiasi yang luar biasa dari kalangan filsuf muslim setelahnya, seperti al-Ghazāli, Fakhruddin al-Rāzi, Ibn Rushd, dan sarjana Barat. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan eksploratif, deskriptis, dan analitis, artikel ini berpendapat jiwa merupakan substansi ruhani yang mengilhami jasad sehingga ia hidup dan menjadi piranti untuk memperoleh ilmu dan pengetahuan ketuhanan (teologis). Praktik pendidikan Islam, dalam hal ini, tidak terlepas dari sentuhan unsur kejiwaan Ibn Sinā. Bagi Sinā, pendidikan Islam harus merekonsiderasi aspek-aspek kejiwaan guna pengembangan potensi peserta didik secara fitri sehingga mampu meraih derajat manusia sempurna (insan kamil).
Media Audio Visual Berbasis Android Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Ekspresif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Alyakfi Khoirunnisa , Jazariyah Jazariyah , Masdudi Masdudi
Published: February 2024

Perkembangan bahasa ekspresif anak usia 4-5 tahun di RA At-Taqwa Kota Cirebon belum berkembang secara maksimal, dan juga penggunaan media yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan bahasa ekspresif anak sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahasa ekspresif pada anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) melalui rangkaian empat kegiatan diantaranya ialah perencanaan, pelaksanaan/tindakan, pengamatan, dan yang terakhir refleksi. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada saat pra siklus, siklus 1 dan siklus 2 adanya peningkatan yang sangat baik dan signifikan yaitu sebagai berikut, pada saat pra siklus memperoleh nilai 20,78%, sedangkan pada siklus 1 memperoleh 44,14%, adanya peningkatan sebesar 23,36% dan pada siklus 2 memperoleh nilai 81,79%, sehingga adanya peningkatan sebesar 37,65%. Dengan demikian, presentase peningkatan kemampuan bahasa ekspresif anak usia 4-5 tahun melalui metode audio visual berbasis android dapat mencapai indikator keberhasilan baik secara klasikal ataupun kelompok yaitu mencapai 81,79%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media audio visual berbasis android dapat meningkatkan perkembangan bahasa ekspresif anak kelompok A di RA At-Taqwa Kota Cirebon.
The Role of Parents in Watching Generation Alpha Assistance
Authors: Nurdahlia Dwi ulfa
Published: February 2024

When it is important for parents to maintain the spectacle consumed by children. Judging from the data on mobile users, it is very high. Even from the Ministry of Communication and Information, there are 143.26 million people or 54.68 percent of Indonesia's population using the internet with users aged 13-18 years. Meanwhile, other data from the Minister of Communication and Information Rudiantara revealed that as many as 93.52 percent of internet users, 65.34 percent, are aged 9-19 years. While the latest data from BPS describes data for 2022, as many as 33.44% of early childhood aged 0-6 years in Indonesia are already able to use cell phones, 24.96% of early childhood in the country are also able to access the internet. Parents must be wise in addressing the height of Alpha generation children who were indeed born in the digital era. Of course , people know they have challenges in choosing what to watch. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method which is carried out by observing, interviewing parents who find it difficult to choose shows for their children and parents who experience concerns about children's behavior caused by shows that children see such as YouTube. The results of the study show that not all of the alpha generation are negatively affected by viewing on smartphones and smart TVs. There are other positive impacts, especially if parents play an important role in accompanying children's viewing by conducting parenting mediation.
Towards a Greek Proverb Atlas: A Computational Spatial Exploration and Attribution of Greek Proverbs
Authors: Pavlopoulos John , Louridas Panos , Filos Panagiotis
Published: February 2024

Proverbs carry wisdom transferred orally from generation to generation. Based on the place they were recorded, this study introduces a publicly-available and machine-actionable dataset of more than one hundred thousand Greek proverb variants. By quantifying the spatial distribution of proverbs, we show that the most widespread proverbs come from the mainland while the least widespread proverbs come primarily from the islands. By focusing on the least dispersed proverbs, we present the most frequent tokens per location and undertake a benchmark in geographical attribution, using text classification and regression (text geocoding). Our results show that this is a challenging task for which specific locations can be attributed more successfully compared to others. The potential of our resource and benchmark is showcased by two novel applications. First, we extracted terms moving the regression prediction toward the four cardinal directions. Second, we leveraged conformal prediction to attribute 3,676 unregistered proverbs with statistically rigorous predictions of areas each of these proverbs was possibly registered in.
Analytical Approximation and Evaluation of Roll Separating Force in Bar Rolling Process.
Authors: Mistry Ghanshyambhai Dashrathbhai , Judal Kesarabhai Bhikhabhai
Published: February 2024

Designing the roller and determining the required passes to manufacture the bar depend on the estimation of the pressure value during the bar rolling operation. Numerous researchers have proposed a mean unit pressure formula based on the flat rolling process formula. However, it is challenging to predict the pressure accurately using these formulas. Hence, the principle of sticking and slipping friction as well as weak plane strain is applied to derive the analytical formula based on slab analysis. To apply the proposed formula for different types of passes, the given pass shape is converted into an equivalent rectangular bar and assumed that it is pressed between two flat plates. Prediction of metal flow stress value is calculated by using Shida’s formula with the proposed equation for the correction in input temperature of the hot metal. The constitutive formula of the roll separating force (RSF) is proposed based on these parameters. A comparison is made between the suggested formula and the experimental values which is available in the literature. The findings reveal that the RSF values obtained by applying the suggested method offer a reliable approximation for different kinds of passes.
Detection of difficulties and intervention programme for the improvement of visual-motor integration in preschoolers with special educational needs
Authors: Papadopoulos Apostolos , Vasileiadis Ilias
Published: February 2024

Many categories of children with special needs have difficulties with movement, orientation, balance and visual-motor integration. The aim of this study was to investigate the detectability of difficulties in visual-motor integration in preschoolers with special educational needs and, at the same time, to study the effect of an intervention program applied to children with such difficulties. The Beery Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (6th ed.) was used to assess the children. Nine preschoolers, diagnosed with special educational needs and difficulties in visual-motor integration formed the experimental group. Nine preschoolers diagnosed with special educational needs and difficulties in visual-motor integration participated in the control group, CG-1, and thirteen preschoolers from the typical population participated in CG-2, respectively. The children in the experimental group were administered a ten-week intervention program and upon its completion, all children were reassessed. The intervention program administered was based on the Beery VMI educational tool, My Shape Book. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the performance of the children in the experimental group in visual perception as well as a significant improvement in their performance in motor integration following the intervention.
Dust Dynamics: Distribution Patterns of Semi-Volatile Organic Chemicals across Particle Sizes in Varied Indoor Microenvironments
Authors: ali nadeem
Published: February 2024

An extensive analysis of the distribution patterns of three distinct classes of semi-volatile organic chemicals (SVOCs)—phthalates (PAEs), organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) — across four discrete size fractions of dust (25, 50, 100, and 200 μm) was conducted. The dust samples were sourced from AC filter, covered car parking lots, households, hotels, mosques, and car floors. To generate the four fractions, ten dust samples from each microenvironment were pooled and sieved utilizing sieving apparatus with the appropriate mesh size. Selected SVOCs were quantified utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in electron impact (EI) mode. Results revealed varying degree of contamination with dust fractions from car parking lots dust showed the lowest chemical contamination, while car floor dust was the most contaminated. SVOCs concentrations exhibited a tendency to increase as the size of dust particles decreased, particularly evident in car floor and car parking lot dust across the microenvironments analyzed. Among SVOCs, PAEs emerged as the predominant contributors with >90% followed by OPFRs and PAHs. Among analyzed microenvironments, car floor dust exhibited the highest levels of PAHs and OPFRs, this align logically with the fact that numerous interior components of cars are treated with OPFRs to adhere to fire safety regulations. Furthermore, petroleum products are a major source of PAHs in the environment and all the sampled cars in the study had combustion engines. Consequently, car dust is more likely to be polluted with PAHs stemming from petroleum combustion. Heavy metals and brominated flame retardants have increased with decreasing dust particles in a few investigations, however, this is the first study analyzing these SVOCs in different fractions of dust from various microenvironments. However, aside from two specific microenvironments, the observed pattern of escalating SVOC concentrations with smaller dust particle sizes was not corroborated among the examined microenvironments. This divergence in concentration trends suggests the potential involvement of supplementary variables in influencing SVOC distributions within dust particles.
An Artificial Neural Network Framework for Prediction of Chemical Oxygen Demand in Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: S Ramya , S Srinath , Tuppad Pushpa
Published: February 2024

Determining treated effluent parameters in WWTPs is crucial for assessing operational efficiency, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations, and promoting sustainable and responsible wastewater treatment practices. Conventionally, standard laboratory analysis techniques are used to characterize the wastewater. Artificial Neural Network analysis is a promising tool to predict the wastewater characteristics, as a substitute to tedious laboratory techniques. They enable proactive decision-making and contributes to the overall effectiveness of the treatment processes. This paper constructs various regression models based on neural networks within the domain of traditional machine learning. The main objective of this paper is to design neural network-based regression models to predict Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), a key parameter characterizing treated effluent of a domestic wastewater treatment plant. Date used in the study is the augmented data of influent and effluent characteristics values from a wastewater treatment plant. The strength of neural networks lies in their ability to capture complex, non-linear relationships in data and make them suitable for predicting wastewater parameters that may have intricate dependencies on input variables. In this paper, the KMeans cluster with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used for feature selection and anomaly detection to increase the performance of the regression model. Various algorithms used include Multilayer Perceptron Network, Polynomial Regression with a Neural Network, Generalized Additive Models (GAM) with a Neural Network, Radial Basis Function Network and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with Genetic Algorithms (GAs) with different Hyperparameter methods for prediction. Based on the results, it can be concluded that Average of all five neural network models predicted COD value with Mean Square Error of 0.0015 and R-Square of 0.8522.
Green Synthesis of Solketal from Glycerol Using Metal-Modified ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts: Process Optimization
Authors: Gujar Jamna Prasad , Modhera Bharat
Published: February 2024

The production of solketal (2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-dioxolane-4-methanol) from glycerol via ketalization reaction was facilitated using a metallic zeolite M-ZSM-5 catalyst. The catalyst is prepared using the wet impregnation method, enabling precise control over metal loading and ensuring versatility in catalyst preparation. Various characterization methods, such as XRD, FTIR, TGA, and FESEM-EDX, were utilized to illuminate the properties of the catalyst. Solketal production unfolded in a solvent-free reactor within a rotamantle instrument. Various parameters were studied to understand the impact on the prepared solketal, including temperature, catalyst amount, molar ratio (G:A), reaction time, and stirring speed. The confirmation of solketal formation was achieved through GC-MS analysis. It has been found that the catalyst Cu-ZSM-5 exhibited the highest performance (99% conversion of glycerol and 96% selectivity of solketal) among various M-ZSM-5 catalysts. The Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst has been used for deactivation and reusability. To regenerate the spent catalysts, calcination was used, which also restored their initial activity. The solketal product obtained in this study has significant applications as fuel additives, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. This research promotes developing environment-friendly routes for utilizing glycerol as a renewable feedstock.
Laparoscopic-Assisted Microwave Ablation in Treatment of Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Safety and Efficacy in Comparison With Laparoscopic Hepatectomy
Authors: Wei Youping , Zhang Lihong , Zhang Shun , Song Meina , Ji Changhui
Published: February 2024

Laparoscopic-assisted microwave ablation (LAMWA), as one of the locoregional therapies, has been employed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of LAMWA and laparoscopic hepatectomy in the treatment of small HCC.This study included 140 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 68 patients received LAMWA and 72 patients underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy. The perioperative condition, liver function recovery, the alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level, morbidities, hospitalization time, overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and recurrence rate between the two groups were compared. The rate of complete elimination of tumor tissue was 100% and the AFP level was returned to normal within 3 months in both groups (P > 0.05). The mean alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) peak in the LAMWA group was lower than that in the laparoscopic hepatectomy group (259.51 SD 188.75 VS 388.9 SD 173.65, P = 0.000) and (267.34 SD 190.65 VS 393.1 SD 185.67, P = 0.000), respectively. The mean average operation time in the LAMWA group was shorter than that in the laparoscopic hepatectomy group (89 SD 31min VS 259 SD 48min, P = 0.000). The blood loss in the LAMWA group was less than that in the laparoscopic hepatectomy group (58.4 SD 64.0ml VS 213.0 SD 108.2ml, P = 0.000). Compared with the laparoscopic hepatectomy group, patients in the LAMWA group had few periods of hospital stay (4.8 SD 1.2d VS 11.5 SD 2.9d, P = 0.000). The morbidities of the LAMWA group and the hepatectomy group were 14.7%(10/68) and 34.7༅(25/72), respectively (P = 0.006)༎The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 88.2%, 69.9%, 45.6% for the LAMWA group and 86.1%, 72.9%, 51.4% for the laparoscopic hepatectomy group (P = 0.693). The corresponding DFS rates for the two groups were 76.3%, 48.1%, 27.9% and 73.2%, 56.7%, 32.0% (P = 0.958). Laparoscopic-assisted microwave ablation is a safe and effective therapeutic option for selected small HCC.
PU.1 Eviction at Lymphocyte-Specific Chromatin Domains Mediates Glucocorticoid Response in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Jing Duohui , Beck Dominik , Cao Honghui , Tian Feng , Huang Yizhou , Zhao Han , Tai Xiaolu , XU WENQIAN , Kosasih Hansen , Kealy David , Bridge Katherine , Zhao Weiye , Holding Andrew , Dowle Adam , Taylor Samuel , Song Gaoxian , Fajardo Diego , Walia Yashna , Wang Meng , Zhang Chao , Wang Jin , Mi Jian-Qing , Lock Richard , de Bock Charles
Published: February 2024

The epigenetic landscape plays a critical role in the onset and evolution of various malignancies, but its therapeutic utility remains underutilized. Glucocorticoids are an essential part of many multi-agent treatment regimens for lymphoid malignancies. However, the emergence of glucocorticoid resistance is a significant barrier to cure, which is in part due to epigenetic alterations, including aberrant chromatin accessibility and hypermethylation at lymphocyte-specific glucocorticoid-response elements (GREs). To gain a deeper understanding of regulatory mechanisms leading to these epigenetic alterations, we conducted a multi-omics study, including chromosome conformation capture sequencing (HiC), to examine changes in the 3D genome structure following the in vivo treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) with glucocorticoid. We found that glucocorticoid treatment led to distinct patterns of topologically associated domains (TADs) in glucocorticoid sensitive compared to resistant PDXs. Furthermore, we show that these TADs were primed by the development-related pioneer transcription factor PU.1, which extensively interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) exclusively in glucocorticoid-sensitive ALL PDXs. An integrative analysis of rapid immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry of endogenous protein (RIME) and ChIP-seq revealed that PU.1 binding was associated with lymphocyte-specific activation of GREs and GRE-interacting super-enhancers. The PU.1-associated TADs modulated epigenetic marks, and particularlythe eviction of PU.1 promoted GR binding and the expression of signature genes, including BIM, ZBTB16 and RASA1, mediating glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in ALL. These findings were phenocopied using a PU.1 inhibitor DB2313 to restore glucocorticoid sensitivity in ALL. Taken together, this study identified a new epigenetic pathway integrating PU.1 priming and PU.1-GR interaction which ultimately leads to PU.1 eviction in ALL. This pathway provides the first link between the activity of a lineage-specific transcription factor and epigenetic modulators mediating the response to glucocorticoids and thus offers a new avenue to translate fundamental epigenetic research into the clinic.
Profiling of Breast Cancer Prevalence and Its Diagnosis using Varied Imaging Techniques in Tanzania
Authors: Mzurikwao Deogratias , Sakafu Lulu , Mayala Simeon , Mzurikwao Zacharia , Nyatega Charles , Samuel Oluwarotimi , Kamuzola Mary , Kiango Violet , Kalonga Asa , Kabika Twaha , Panga Barikiel , Chaula Rebecca , Nchullah Asmin , Diack Abdoulaye
Published: February 2024

Breast cancer is not only the most commonly occurring cancer among women, but also the most frequent cause of the cancer-related deaths in women in developing countries. Mortality rate is marginally higher in developing countries than in developed countries with about 60% of the death occurring in developing countries. In Tanzania for example, breast cancer is the second leading cancer in terms of incidence and mortality among women after cervical cancer. Approximately half of all women diagnosed with breast cancer in Tanzania die of the disease. This is due to poor and shortage of medical facilities for cancer screening and diagnosis, poor number of oncologists and pathologists, and the diagnosis costs in the country. Due to the mentioned factors, it is approximated that, 80% of breast cancer cases in in Tanzania are diagnosed at advanced stages (III or IV), when treatment is less effective, and outcomes are poor. By 2030, new breast cancer cases are approximated to increase by 82% in Tanzania. The diagnosis/screening of breast cancer starts with breast imaging with ultrasound and mammograms. Suspected cases are then subjected into pathology for confirmatory tests. Although breast imaging plays a major role in both breast cancer screening and diagnosis, the service is largely not available in many developing countries. Our study found absence of routinely breast cancer screening in Tanzania, resulting in late-stage detection of many cases. This is mainly due to lack of enough well-trained radiologists to read the images and the costs of the process. This study aimed at exploring the role and challenges of breast imaging in the screening and diagnosis of breast cancer in Tanzania, a developing country. Our results found that, there is a significant number of malignancies under the recommended age of breast cancer screening of fifty (50) years of age. Our study also found a very high Inter variability among radiologists, which suggest the necessity of at least two radiologists reading same case before conclusion of the diagnosis. This study also discovered in our sample size that 66% patients did not have their samples taken for confirmation by the pathologists. This might be due to the costs of the process or loss of follow ups as many patients came far from diagnosis Centre. Due to the challenges observed in breast imaging, this study recommends the use of Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) with Artificial Intelligence to assist the few numbers of radiologists available.
Development and validation of a scale for the perception of sustainable leadership among teachers in Chinese higher vocational colleges
Authors: Gao Yongjiu , Chen Pengfei
Published: February 2024

Due to internal organizational mandates for implementing sustainable development principles, Chinese vocational colleges necessitate an effective assessment tool to comprehend the current state of sustainable leadership as perceived by teachers. The study aims to develop and validate a scale for sustainable leadership as perceived by teachers in Chinese vocational colleges. Validation of the content validity index (CVI) was conducted by nine experts, and the factor structure was extracted through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), followed by reliability and validity tests. The research found that the scale comprises six dimensions with a total of 23 items, and Cronbach’s Alpha exceeds 0.700, demonstrating its robust reliability. This study marks the inaugural development and validation of a scale assessing sustainable leadership as perceived by teachers in Chinese vocational colleges, introducing a new, reliable assessment tool to the academic and practical domains.
Highly Efficient On-surface Synthesis of Fused N-heterocyclic derivatives
Authors: Torre Bruno de la , Jiménez-Martín Alejandro , Munteanu Tatiana , Chen Qifan , Pascal Simon , Mallada Benjamin , Mutombo Pingo , Siri Olivier , Jelinek Pavel
Published: February 2024

The synthesis of N-fused heterocycles is a crucial element in organic chemistry. However, it involves multiple steps that add complexity and reduce overall yields. Here, we introduce the high-yield on-surface synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds employing the intramolecular hydroamination of alkyne-functionalized molecular precursors under mild thermal conditions in an ultra-high vacuum environment on an Au(111) surface. This method offers an efficient preparation of two discrete N-heterocyclic derivatives using a single gold(0)-atom catalyst. Notably, the synthesis introduces two pyrrole groups into quinoidal-based precursor, enabling the formation of two fused pyrrolo-benzoquinonediimine compounds with tailored electronic band-gap not achievable in solution chemistry. To analyze the resulting reaction products, we utilized scanning tunneling microscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy with single bond resolution, comparing these products to those obtained through traditional solution methods. We further performed computational studies to elucidate detailed mechanistic insights into the on-surface reaction course.
Parenteral fish oil lipid emulsion use in adults: A case series and review from an intestinal failure referral center
Authors: hakimian david , Wall Elizabeth , Herlitz Jean , Lozano Edward , McDonald Edwin , Semrad Carol , Micic Dejan
Published: February 2024

Background: Intestinal failure–associated liver disease (IFALD) is a complication of long-term PN use, attributed to use of ω-6 injectable lipid emulsions (ILE). Fish oil (FO) ILE have been successful in reversing liver injury in neonates. Evidence for pure FO ILE use in adult patients is limited.
Methods: Case series of the use of FO lipid emulsions in adults with IFALD from the University of Chicago PN registry. Analysis of medical charts and PN formulations was performed.
Results: Three cases of IFALD treated with FO ILE were identified. The first case was a 30 year old man with short bowel syndrome (SBS), hyperbilirubinemia, and biopsy proven IFALD. Following a change from a soy lipid emulsion to FO lipid emulsion, his liver tests rapidly improved and remained stable over 202 weeks of use. The second case was a 76 year old woman with intestinal failure (IF) due to frozen bowel. A change from a soy ILE to a composite lipid and later to a pure FO ILE did not result in improvement in her liver tests. The third case was a 28 year old man with SBS and biopsy proven IFALD. Change to a composite ILE and subsequently FO lipid emulsion resulted in a gradual improvement in liver tests. No clinical essential fatty acid deficiencies (EFA) were identified during treatment.
Conclusion: FO ILE may be effective in the treatment of adult patients with cholestatic IFALD. Use is safe with no EFA deficiencies detected in up to four years of use.
Chloride Transport Across the Plasma Membrane of River Lamprey Oocytes During the Prespawning Period оf Their Life Cycle
Authors: Sherstobitov Alexander Olegovich , Nikitina Elena Romanovna , Nikiforov Anatolii Alexandrovich , Belostotskaya Galina Borisovna
Published: February 2024

The permeability of follicle-enclosed isolated lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis oocytes to chloride was characterized during the pre-spawning season using 36Cl radioactive tracer. At physiological external [Cl-]o concentration of 150 mM a steady state equilibrium of the tracer corresponds to an apparent intracellular [Cl-]i concentration of 10.5 mM in December and 18.6 mM in April, with a half–time for chloride uptake about 20 min. The permeability coefficient for Cl- increased from 1.5 ⋅ 10− 6 cm/s (at 5oC) in December to 7.5 ⋅ 10− 6 cm/s (at 10oC) in May. The chloride influx was linearly dependent on [Cl-]o (0–150 mM) and was temperature dependent with an activation energy 24 kJ/mol at 5-20oC. Depolarization of the plasma membrane in high-K+ media in the presence of valinomycin stimulated Cl- influx approximately 2.5-fold. Decreasing medium tonicity resulted in 3-fold activation of Cl- influx compared with isotonic conditions. Exposure of the cells to 0.1–0.2 mM Cu2+ and 0.2 mM Cd2+ caused acceleration of Cl- influx, while 0.2 mM Pb2+, 0.2 mM Zn2+ and 0.15-5.0 mM (Ca2+ + Mg2+) were without effect. Treatment of the cells with ionophore A23187 in the presence of 5 mM Ca2+ also proved to be ineffective. Bumetanide-sensitive NKCC provided less than 5% of the total Cl- influx. In April, Cu2+ caused approximately 4,5-fold increase in the amiloride-sensitive component of Na+ influx, which most likely represented the NHE mechanism. Obtained results suggest the presence of a channel-mediated entry mechanism for chloride.
Grief and Depression in Relatives of Deceased Individuals during Social Isolation. Risk and Protective Factors
Authors: Acevo Carlos Augusto López , Leal Nancy Valeria García , Castelló Giovanna Giselle , Villalobos Neri Alejandro Álvarez , Padilla Juan Pablo Ruiz
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the loss of thousands of lives, leading to a global phenomenon where numerous families are undergoing a grieving process. Simultaneously, health restrictions to prevent the disease´s transmission have prevented individuals from bidding farewell to their loved ones and conducting cultural farewell rituals. Through a cross-sectional study, we investigated, via social media surveys, the Mexican population that experienced the death of a close family member from November 2020, regardless of the cause. The aim was to determine whether those who did not have the opportunity to say goodbye to their loved one prior to their death and/or those who could not perform farewell rituals according to their culture were at a different risk of developing depressive disorders and/or complicated grief compared to those who did have the opportunity to bid farewell and practice their rituals. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, we found no statistically significant difference in the likelihood of developing major depressive disorders or complicated grief based on whether individuals said their goodbyes or not. However, we did identify risk and protective factors by analyzing other variables such as the initiation or increase in substance consumption following the loss, religious attachment, and age.
Causal associations of BAFF-R on IgD+ CD24- immune cell trait with hepatocellular carcinoma and the mediating role of phenylacetylglutamate levels: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Xuan , Qiu Zongchao , Yang Maochun , Kong Lingxi , Li Limin , Huang Yingting , Xie Li
Published: February 2024

We conducted a bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal associations between immune cell traits and HCC and identify the mediating factor of metabolites. The exposure factors were immune cell traits, the mediators were metabolites, and the outcome variable was HCC. Inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) was the main method. Weighted median, MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, simple mode, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MRPRESSO) methods were used as complementary methods. Subsequently, the potential mediating effect was investigated by conducting a two-step Mediation analysis. We found 7 traits with positive correlations and 19 traits with negative correlations between immune cell traits and HCC. There were no causal correlations between HCC and immune cell traits in the reverse MR analysis. In the mediation analysis, we found a positive causal association between B cell-activating factor receptors (BAFF-R) on IgD+ CD24- and HCC [IVW: odd ratio (OR), 0.845; 95% CI, 0.759-0.942; p = 0.002]. Phenylacetylglutamate (PAG) levels mediated 7.353% of the causal pathway from BAFF-R on IgD+ CD24- and HCC. In conclusion, BAFF-R on IgD+ CD24- lowers risk of HCC, with PAG levels playing a mediating role.
Dynamic Disagreeing Neighbors: A complexity measure for instance selection
Authors: Aceña Víctor , Lancho Carmen , de Diego Isaac Martín , Moguerza Javier M. , Lee Dae-Jin
Published: February 2024

Within the scope of Machine Learning (ML), Instance Selection (IS) is a sampling process that consists of filtering noise and removing redundant data. In classification problems, IS implies a compromise between maximizing performance and reducing the sample size used for training. Complexity measures provide relevant information about the difficulty of classifying instances, which makes them appropriate for IS since they can capture, for example, noisy or borderline points. This paper introduces the complexity measure DDN, defined at three levels: instance, class, and dataset. The Dynamic Disagreeing Neighbors (DDN) of an instance is defined as the percentage of its nearest neighbors that belong to other classes. The DDN is based on the Nearest Centroid Neighbors (NCN) neighborhood computation, which is dynamically adjusted to the data distribution. In addition, the distance of each neighbor is taken into account so that those farther away are less influential and those closer are more influential for the instance complexity. The validity of the proposal is evaluated through a series of experiments where it is compared with the widely known k-Disagreeing Neighbors (kDN) in terms of stability, correlation with classification error, and performance in IS. The DDN has shown competitive, stable, and robust results throughout the experiments, generally improving on those obtained with the alternative.
Antibodies Targeting the CCHFV Nucleocapsid Protein Require TRIM21 for Protection
Authors: Hawman David , Leventhal Shanna , Meade-White Kimberly , Shaia Carl , Murray Justin , Mihalakakos Evan , Hinkley Troy , Erasmus Jesse , Feldmann Heinz
Published: February 2024

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) is a negative-sense RNA virus spread by Hyalomma genus ticks across Europe, Asia, and Africa. CCHF disease begins as a non-specific febrile illness which may progress into a severe hemorrhagic disease and there are currently no widely approved or highly efficacious interventions available. Recently, we reported a self-replicating, alphavirus-based RNA vaccine which expresses the CCHFV nucleoprotein and is protective against lethal CCHFV disease in mice. This vaccine induces high titers of non-neutralizing anti-NP antibodies and is protective even in mice with constitutive knock-out of Fc-gamma receptors or complement, indicating these mechanisms are not required for protection. Instead, vaccinated mice deficient in the intracellular Fc-receptor TRIM21 despite having robust CCHFV-specific immunity, were unable to control the infection. We also show that passive transfer of NP-immune sera confers significant and TRIM21-dependent protection against lethal CCHFV challenge. Together our data identifies TRIM21 as the Fc effector function of protective antibodies against the CCHFV NP and provides mechanistic insight into how vaccines against CCHFV confer protection.
For patients with TBI-related ICH, a shorter mannitol and tranexamic acid administration interval may contribute to VTE risk
Authors: luo zhenyu , yang linhe , Li Yunying , wang shuquan , yuan dongmei
Published: February 2024

Background
After the CRASH-3 trial, the debate on tranexamic acid (TXA) has never ended. As significant parts in traumatic brain injury-related intracranial hemorrhage pharmacologic therapies, we hypothesized that the shorter mannitol and TXA administration interval might increase those patients' VTE risk.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted. Data were extracted through the China Trauma Rescue & Treatment Association database. Finally, 712 cases were included in the data analysis: the VTE group (n=45) and the non-VTE group (n=667). Then, a t-test, Pearson Chi-square test, and logistic regression were performed.
Results
the VTE group indicates significant aging (57.11±9.35, p=0.001), shorter mannitol and TXA administration interval (12.62±8.72, p=0.002), longer LHS (20.48±2.64,p<0.000), and higher D-dimer (6.05±2.59, p=0.001). By further logistic regression, the mannitol and TXA administration interval presents a relation with VTE occurrence with β=-0.053, OR=0.948, and P=0.004.
Conclusion
The mannitol and tranexamic acid administration interval might be an independent VTE risk for patients with TBI-related intracranial hemorrhage.
Effect of the surface coating of carbonyl iron particles on the dispersion stability of magnetorheological fluid
Authors: Chen Fang , Zhang Jie , Li Zhenggui , Yan Shengnan , Li Wangxu , Yan Zhaoqiang , Liu Xiaobing
Published: February 2024

The dispersion stability of a carbonyl iron particle (CIP)-based magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is improved by CIP, which particle is etched with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form a porous structure with many hydroxyl groups and subsequently coated with silane coupling agents that have varying chain lengths. The morphological characteristics and coated thickness of the particles are investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) are employed to analyze the coating effect of the silane coupling agents on the particles. The influence of the coating on particle density and saturation magnetization is evaluated using a densitometer and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The rheological properties and dispersion stability of the MRF are assessed utilizing a rotating rheometer and Turbiscan-Lab. The results revealed that after CIPs were etched with HCl, numerous nanopores on their surface. Additionally, as the chain length of the silane coupling agent increases, the coated mass increases, and the coating effect was confirmed chemically, and meanwhile, the density and the saturation magnetization of particles decreased, and the coated particles with different shell thicknesses were obtained. With the chain length increase of silane coupling agent, without a magnetic field, the viscosity of MRF prepared by coated particles increase slightly, due to the enhancement of special three-dimensional network structure; under a magnetic field, the viscosity of the MRF decreased distinctly, due to that the coating of non-magnetospheric increased the distance and decreased the interaction force between the particles. With the chain length increase of silane coupling agent, the sedimentation rate of MRF decreased from 58–3.5% after 100 days of sedimentation, and the migration distances of the MRFs were 22.4 mm, 3.7 mm, 2.4 mm, and 0 mm, with particle sedimentation rates of 0.149, 0.019, 0.017, and 0 mm/h, respectively. The MRF with high dispersion stability was obtained, and the etching of CIP by HCl and the proper chain length of the coating of silane coupling agent were proved effective manners to improve the dispersion stability of MRF.
Analysis of binding and authentic virus-neutralizing activities of immune sera induced by various monkeypox virus antigens
Authors: Song Shuo , Ren Zuning , Chen Jiayin , Li Mengjun , Jiang Yushan , Liu Yingxia , Zhang Bao , Yang Yang , Zhao Wei , Lu Hongzhou , Shen Chenguang
Published: February 2024

Monkeypox cases continue to increase globally, and there is an urgent need to develop a highly effective vaccine against monkeypox. This study investigated the binding and authentic-virus neutralizing activities of sera from mice immunized with EEV (extracellularly enveloped viruses) antigens B6R and A35R, and IMV (intrinsic material viruses) antigens M1R, A29L, E8L, and H3L against monkeypox virus. The results showed that immunizations of A35R and E8L could only induce lower titers of binding antibodies, in contrast, immunization of M1R induced the highest titers of binding antibodies, while immunization of B6R, H3L, and A29L induced moderate titers of binding antibodies. For the live monkeypox virus neutralization assay, the results showed that immunization with two doses of EEV antigen B6R did not effectively induce humoral immune responses to neutralize monkeypox live virus, immunization with EEV-A35R only induced weak monkeypox-neutralizing antibodies. In contrast, the immunization of the four types of monkeypox virus IMV antigens can all induce neutralizing antibodies against authentic monkeypox virus, among them, A29L and H3L induced the highest neutralizing antibody titers. The results of this study provide important references for the selection of antigens in the development of the next generation of monkeypox vaccines.
De novo reconstruction of a functional in vivo-like equine endometrium using collagen-based tissue engineering
Authors: Santiviparat Sawita , Tharasanit Theerawat , SwangchanU-thai Theerawat , Stout Tom A.E. , Buranapraditkun Supranee , Setthawong Piyathip , Taephatthanasagon Teeanutree
Published: February 2024

To better understand molecular aspects of equine endometrial function, there is a need for advanced in vitro culture systems that more closely imitate the intricate 3-dimensional (3D) in vivo endometrial structure than current techniques. However, development of a 3D in vitro model of this complex tissue is challenging. This study aimed to develop an in vitro 3D endometrial tissue (3D-ET) with an epithelial cell phenotype optimized by treatment with a Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor. Equine endometrial epithelial (eECs) and mesenchymal stromal (eMSCs) cells were isolated separately, and eECs cultured in various concentrations of Rock inhibitor (0, 5, 10 µmol) in epithelial medium (EC-medium) containing 10% knock-out serum replacement (KSR). The optimal concentration of Rock inhibitor for enhancing eEC proliferation and viability was 10 µM. However, 10 µM Rock inhibitor in the 10% KSR EC-medium was able to maintain mucin1 (Muc1) gene expression for only a short period. In contrast, fetal bovine serum (FBS) was able to maintain Muc1 gene expression for longer culture durations. An in vitro 3D-ET was successfully constructed using a collagen-based scaffold to support the eECs and eMSCs. The 3D-ET closely mimicked in vivo endometrium by displaying gland-like eEC-derived structures positive for the endometrial gland marker, Fork headbox A2 (FOXA2), and by mimicking the 3D morphology of the stromal compartment. In addition, the 3D-ET expressed the secretory protein MUC1 on its glandular epithelial surface and responded to LPS challenge by upregulating the expression of the interleukin-6 (IL6) and prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS) genes (P < 0.01), along with an increase in their secretory products, IL-6 (P < 0.01) and prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α) (P < 0.001) respectively. In the future, this culture system can be used to study both normal physiology and pathological processes of the equine endometrium.
Scouting the supercapacitor performance of bimetallic transition metal co-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites as green electrode materials.
Authors: Daniel Sobhi , M.G Praveena , E.M Mohammed
Published: February 2024

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as an excellent and fantastic material among nanomaterials especially in the fabrication of green electrode materials in supercapacitors. The energy storage performance and cyclic stability together with the integration of transition metals enhances its applications in the arena of energy conversion and storage. The present work highlights the fabrication of bimetallic transition metal co-doped CQDs and its composites with Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), its analytical characterization and the investigation on the electrochemical performances of these composites by Cyclic Voltametric (CV) studies. Co doping of first row transition elements with CQDs were found to enhance the supercapacitor performance by several folds and among the first row transition metals, Mn2+ was found to be superior over others and in the present work, we have synthesized a series of bimetallic transition metal co-doped CQDS by fixing Mn2+ as one of the transition metal ion and the combinations of Mn2+ - Fe2+, Mn2+-Co2+,Mn2+- Ni2+,Mn2+-Cu2+ and Mn2+Zn2+ ions. The formation of bimetallic CQDs were confirmed from the UV- Visible spectral analysis, EDS analysis, fluorescence measurements and the SEM analysis. The high-resolution TEM images reveal that the bimetallic co-doped CQDs were homogeneously distributed and are almost found to be hexagonal in shape possessing a size range of less than 20 nm. The surface area, pore volume and the pore diameter of the composite materials were found to be in the range of (81x10− 2-92 x10− 2) m2/g to (198x10− 3 -202x10− 3) cm3/g and (7.83–8.89) nm respectively. The capacitance value of the bimetallic transition metal co-doped CQDs were found to be in the range of (171–480) µF/cm2, which is found to be enhanced by 200-fold in comparison to single transition metal CQDs and these materials will find wide application towards the fabrication of green electrode materials in near future.