bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modifikasi Media Tanam In Vitro untuk Perbanyakan Benih Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus.) [In Vitro Media Modification to Mass Propagation of Gerbera through(Gerbera jamesonii Bolus.)]
Authors: Fibrianty Eka , Kurniati Ridho , Marwoto Budi , Yuniarto Kurnia
Published: March 2022

Produksi gerbera umumnya dilakukan melalui pemuliaan konvensional sehingga memerlukan waktu relatif lama dan tunas/anakan yang dihasilkan jumlahnya terbatas. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengoptimalkan metode perbanyakan massal gerbera secara in vitro. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Kebun Percobaan Tanaman Hias Cipanas dari bulan Januari 2019 – Februari 2020. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah gerbera varietas Chandramaya Agrihorti, Zsofia Agrihorti, Nirwasita Agrihorti, Awandini Agrihorti, dan Arkadewi Agrihorti. Eksplan berupa capitulum bunga. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan 40 kombinasi perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi media MS + BAP 0,5 mg/l + TDZ 0,3 mg/l + Sukrosa 20 g/l + Gelrite 2 g/l merupakan media yang paling baik untuk menginduksi pembentukan kalus dan tunas lima varietas gerbera (varietas Nirwasita, Chandramaya, Arkadewi, Zsopia, dan Awandini).

Keywords

Gerbera; Kultur in vitro; TDZ; Produksi benih

Abstract

Gerbera is usually produced through conventional breeding, which is time consuming and produce limited number shoots and explants. The objectives of the research was to optimize mass propagation method of gerbera in vitro. The research was conducted in Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute, January 2019 until February 2020. Gerbera’s capitulum of Chandramaya Agrihorti, Zsopia Agrihorti, Nirwasita Agrihorti, Awandini Agrihorti and Arkadewi Agrihorti cultivars were used as explants. Design of the research was a completely randomized design, with eight treatment combinations. MS + BAP 0.5 mg/l + TDZ 0.3 mg/l + Sucrose 20 g/l + Gelrite 2 g/l was best media for callus induction and shoot formation in five gerbera cultivars (Nirwasita, Chandramaya, Arkadewi, Zsopia and Awandini cultivars).
Evaluasi Karakteristik Carnation Mottle Virus (CarMV) Asal Tanaman Anyelir pada Beberapa Tanaman Indikator [Evaluation of Carnation Mottle Virus (CarMV) Characteristics from Carnations in Several Indicator Plants]
Authors: Syafira Intan , Afifah Lutfi , Saputro Nurcahyo Widyodaru , Diningsih Erniawati
Published: March 2022

Anyelir merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan selain krisan dan mawar pada sektor agribisnis di Indonesia, namun produksi tanaman anyelir terus menurun sejak tahun 2015 hingga 2020, hal ini salah satunya disebabkan oleh serangan virus CarMV yang menginfeksi tanaman anyelir. Pengetahuan dasar mengenai suatu virus sangat diperlukan untuk menentukan pengendalian yang tepat untuk virus tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi sifat fisik dan sifat biologi CarMV. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kaca Virologi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Pacet, Cianjur, Jawa Barat (1.100 m dpl.), pada bulan Mei sampai dengan Agustus 2021. Metode yang digunakan, yaitu metode deskriptif untuk mengamati karakter fisik dan biologi Carnation mottle virus isolat Jawa Barat melalui uji sifat fisik virus (DEP, TIP, LIV) serta uji biologi melalui penularan secara mekanik pada tanaman indikator. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dilution End Point (DEP) CarMV 10-5, Thermal Inactivationt Point (TIP) 65°C, dan Longevity In Vitro (LIV) lebih dari 72 jam. Inokulasi CarMV secara mekanis pada tanaman indikator menyebabkan gejala sistemik pada Nicotiana benthamiana dan Ageratum conyzoides, sedangkan pada tanaman Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Lycopersicon esculentum, dan N. clevelandii menunjukkan gejala lokal.

Keywords

Anyelir; Carnation mottle virus (CarMV); RT-PCR; Sifat biologi; Sifat fisik

Abstract

Carnation is one of the mainstay commodities besides chrysanthemum and roses in the agribusiness sector in Indonesia, but carnation production continues to decline from 2015 to 2020, one of which is caused by the CarMV virus attack that infects carnation plants. Basic knowledge about a virus is needed to determine the right control for the virus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical and biological properties of CarMV. This research was conducted in the Virology Laboratory and Greenhouse, IOCRI, Pacet, Cianjur, West Java (1,100 m asl), from May to August 2021. The method used was a descriptive method to observe the physical and biological characters of Carnation mottle virus isolates from West Java by testing the physical properties of the virus (DEP, TIP, LIV) as well as biological tests through mechanical transmission on indicator plants. The results showed that the Dilution End Point (DEP) of CarMV was 10-5, the Thermal Inactivation Point (TIP) was 65°C, and the Longevity In Vitro (LIV) was more than 72 hours. Mechanical inoculation of CarMV in indicator plants caused systemic symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana and Ageratum conyzoides, while Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Lycopersicon esculentum, and N. clevelandii plants showed local symptoms.

 
Post-Colonial Resignification of Domestic Spatiality in Australian Children's Fiction
Authors: Pennell Beverley
Published: March 2022

See article
Polymer Retention “Tailing” Phenomenon Associated with the Milne Point Polymer Flood
Authors: Seright R. S. , Wang Dongmei
Published: March 2022

Associated with the Milne Point polymer flood (on Alaska’s North Slope), this paper explores the unusual shape of hydrolyzed polyacrylamides (HPAM) breakout/propagation during dynamic polymer retention measurements in Milne Point core material. In contrast to conventional expectations, polymer retention does not delay the initial polymer arrival at the end of a Milne Point core. However, after effluent polymer concentrations rapidly rise to at least 50% of the injected value, the concentration gradually “tails” up over many pore volumes (PVs) before it finally achieves the injected value. To understand the origin and significance of this behavior, a wide range of core experiments were performed, including substantial variations in polymer concentration and molecular weight, core length, preservation state, sand grain size, and mineral composition. Illite was identified as primarily responsible for the tailing phenomenon. This phenomenon has important consequences that must be considered when projecting the performance of the field project. This work suggests that mineralogy analysis (especially for illite and kaolinite) may reveal whether tailing should be accounted for during simulations of polymer propagation/retention in a given field application.
Audiologists’ perceptions of hearing healthcare resources and services in South Africa’s public healthcare system
Authors: Bhamjee Aaqilah , Roux Talita le , Schlemmer Kurt , Graham Marien , Mahomed-Asmail Faheema
Published: March 2022

Background: Hearing loss prevalence is exceptionally high across developing world regions, including Africa, which has the greatest burden of hearing loss compared to other continents. Despite the availability of cost-efficient preventative and intervention measures for hearing loss, these hearing healthcare resources and services remain inaccessible in many developing countries. The purpose of this study was to describe audiologists’ perceptions regarding hearing healthcare resources and services within South Africa’s (SA) public healthcare system.Methods: A national telephonic survey study was conducted with audiologists in public healthcare system hospitals across SA, and the final sample comprised 100 audiologists.Results: Most audiologists perceived that their hospitals did not have adequate hearing healthcare resources to render efficient audiology services to patients. Furthermore, binaural amplification devices (invasive and non-invasive) for adults with bilateral hearing loss who adhered to the criteria for these devices were perceived to be unavailable in most hospitals. Audiologists also perceived that universal newborn hearing screening services, adult aural rehabilitation services, and follow-up care of all hearing devices post-warranty expiration were limited.Conclusion: A greater understanding of the status of hearing healthcare in SA’s public healthcare system hospitals is critical in gaining support for hearing loss from SA’s legislative sector and advocating for the integration of disability and quality of life concerns related to hearing loss on the national healthcare agenda.
Abscess of the falciform ligament mimicking extrahepatic bile duct tumour: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Alexiadis Aris , Mauro Davide Di
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Falciform ligament (FL) abscess is uncommon in adults and can occur in the context of acute cholangitis, acute pancreatitis, torsion of the FL itself or spontaneously. Abdominal imaging often helps making a correct diagnosis. Case Presentation: We report a case of an adult male patient who developed appendagitis of the FL in the context of acute pancreatitis secondary to hypercholesterolaemia. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the initial diagnosis but condition evolved towards the formation of FL abscess. Clinical and radiological follow-up raised the suspicion of extrahepatic bile duct tumour; given the diagnostic uncertainty, the patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy. That allowed for correct diagnosis and treatment. A review of recent literature is also reported.Conclusions: FL abscess is uncommon in adults and radiological findings can be misinterpreted as other clinical conditions; a high index of suspicion is required to formulate a correct diagnosis with the aid of diagnostic laparoscopy.
Surgical transmitral thrombectomy to prevent recurrent stroke in acute myocardial infarction: Case report
Authors: Hasun Matthias , Wisser Wilfried , Heger Maria , Sow Lisa , Schönbrunn Nina , Finsterer Josef , Stollberger Claudia , Weidinger Franz
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Left ventricular (LV)-thrombi occur in up to 14% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the era of primary percutaneous coronary intervention. For these patients, anticoagulant therapy (AC) is recommended by AMI-guidelines. When, despite AC, LV-thrombi lead to embolism, surgical thrombectomy is an option, which is not mentioned or not recommended in AMI-guidelines. Case Presentation: We report a 46-year old female patient with AMI. An 80% stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery was treated by a drug-eluting stent. Thrombi within the akinetic LV-apex became mobile despite AC and dual antiplatelet therapy, and a cerebellar stroke occurred. By a transmitral surgical approach with endoscopic assistance the thrombi were completely removed. Postoperative course and 12-months follow-up were uneventful. Conclusions: LV-thrombi should be observed carefully regarding changes in morphology. Surgical thrombectomy of LV-thrombi is a rare treatment option to prevent imminent embolism. Benefits versus risks of surgical removal of LV-thrombi need to be carefully weighted.
Effectiveness of an educational strategy using educational games e-EDUCAGUIA for implementing antimicrobial clinical practice guidelines in family medicine residents in Spain: a randomized clinical trial by cluster.
Authors: Gonzalez Isabel Del Cura , Ariza-Cardiel Gloria , Polentinos-Castro Elena , López-Rodríguez Juan A. , Sanz-Cuesta Teresa , Barrio-Cortes Jaime , Andreu-Ivorra Blanca , Rodríguez-Barrientos Ricardo , Ávila-Tomas José F. , Gallego-Ruiz-de-Elvira Elisa , Lozano-Hernandez Cristina , Martín-Fernández Jesús , Group EDUCAGUIA
Published: March 2022

Background: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have great teaching potential for health professionals in training, although their use is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and adherence to e-EDUCAGUIA teaching strategy using educational game with simulated clinical scenarios to implement a CPG on antimicrobial therapy compared to the usual dissemination strategies in improving the knowledge and skills of family medicine residents.Methods: This was a multicentre cluster-randomized clinical trial in 7 teaching units in Madrid (Spain). Intervention: educational games based on CPG recommendations, compared with the passive dissemination of the guideline. Main outcome variable: knowledge and skills questionnaire scores one month after the intervention. The difference in mean scores between the intervention and control groups at one month was determined, along with the 95% CI using generalized linear models.Results: A total of 202 residents participated (104 in the intervention group and 98 in the control group). One hundred residents performed the post-test at one month (45 in the intervention group vs. 55 in the control group). The differences favoured the intervention group in terms of both the final scores at month (11.4, 95% CI 6.9–15.9) and the change from baseline scores (11.9, 95% CI 5.9–17.9), with estimated effect sizes of 0.88 for the between-groups difference and 0.75 for the change in baseline difference. For each additional hour of training in evidence-based medicine there was a an increase of 0.28 points (95 % CI 0.15–0.42). Conclusions: The e-EDUCAGUIA strategy improves the knowledge and skills of medicine residents for clinical decision-making during short-term antimicrobial therapy. Adherence to educational games in the absence of specific incentives is moderate.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02210442. Registered 6 August 2014, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02210442
Preoperative 4D pelvic floor ultrasound reduced the incidence of postoperative complication of TOT in female patients with SUI
Authors: Jiang Changqin , Zhang Song , Chen Jing , Zhang Yangyang , Cai Keke , Chen Wei , Wu Yuanyuan , Liang Chaozhao
Published: March 2022

Background
Stress urinary incontinence which has been associated with abnormal pelvic floor muscle function or morphology is a common condition. This research aims to evaluate the role of 4D pelvic floor ultrasound on the postoperative complication of transobturator suburethral tape (TOT) in female patients with SUI.
Methods
We enrolled 53 women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Before transobturator suburethral tape (TOT) procedures, the patients underwent 4D pelvic floor ultrasonography. The measurements include residual urine volume, bladder detrusor thickness in resting state, the vertical distance from the bladder neck to the posterior inferior edge of pubic symphysis at rest and Valsalva movement, posterior angle of bladder urethra (angle between the proximal urethra and outer wall of bladder triangle) and urethral rotation angle (angle between the proximal urethral axis and the middle axis of the human body). The degree of movement of the bladder neck (the difference between the vertical distance from the bladder neck to the posterior inferior edge of the pubic symphysis under the resting state and the maximum Valsalva movement) and the formation of a funnel at the internal orifice of the urethra were calculated.
Results
Mean bladder detrusor thickness was 2.6 ± 0.9 mm, the vertical distance from the bladder neck to the posterior inferior edge of pubic symphysis was 27.7 ± 4.5 mm, posterior angle of the bladder was 122.7 ± 18.9°, the vertical distance from rectal ampulla to the posterior inferior edge of pubic symphysis was 18.5 ± 4.6 mm, and the mean area of hiatus of the levator ani muscle was 22.1 ± 6.0 cm2. Preoperative ultrasound measurements during the Valsalva movement were summarized in Table 3. The mean posterior angle of the bladder on Valsalva was 159.3 ± 23.1° and mean urethral rotation angle was 67.2 ± 21.4°.
Conclusions
4D pelvic floor ultrasound is a reliable method in evaluating preoperational morphological characteristics of patients with SUI. These datasets could help with reducing the incidence of complications associated with TOT procedures.
Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection in different animal species and human in Egypt during 2020-2021
Authors: AboElkhair Mohammed , Ahmed Mohamed M. , Moustapha Alaa El Din H. , Zaki Ali Mohammed , Naggar Rania F. El , Elhamouly Moustafa , Anis Anis
Published: March 2022

Coronaviruses cause respiratory and intestinal infections in animals and humans. By the end of 2019, there was an epidemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronaviruses have highly mutable genome that makes them genetically and phenotypically modifiable with a potential transmission to new host species. Based on current sequence databases, all human coronaviruses have animal origins so animals have important roles in virus spillover to humans. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of different animal species in the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Egypt. A pan-coronaviruses RT-PCR has been used for detection of possible coronaviruses infection in different species including bats, humans, birds, and dogs in Egypt during the period of November 2020 till June 2021. Ninety-two samples (46 from bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus), 10 from human, 26 from wild birds, and 10 from dogs) were screened for SARS-CoV-2. Our results revealed that only human samples were SARS-CoV-2 positive for SARS-CoV-2 while all other animal and bird samples were negative. To recapitulate, our results suggest that animals may not actively transmit SARS-CoV-2 among people in Egypt during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Further structural surveillance and follow up screening for SARS-CoV-2 among domestic and wild animal populations in Egypt is crucially needed.
Folic acid reduces methomyl insecticide damage to testicular cells by altering the DNA methylation environment
Authors: Lu Mengxi , Liu Yi
Published: March 2022

Methomyl is a carbamate insecticide with confirmed testicular toxicity. This study intends to observe the damage of methomyl on testicular cells and the protective effect of folic acid through in vitro experiments. We treated the GC-1 spermatogonia, TM4 Sertoli cells, and TM3 Leydig cells with Methomyl (0, 250, 500, and 1000 μM) with or not folic acid (0, 10, 100, and 1000 nM) for 24h. It was found that folic acid attenuated the testicular cytotoxicity of methomyl in a dose-dependent manner. In spermatogonia, methomyl significantly inhibited the expression of proliferation genes Ki67 and PCNA at 1000 μM, and increased the expression of apoptosis genes Caspase3 and Bax at each dose, while folic acid could reverse the change caused by methomyl. In Sertoli cells, methomyl dose-dependently inhibited the expression of blood-testis barrier function genes TJP1, Cx43, and N-cadherin, but did not affect Occludin and E-cadherin, while folic acid could significantly up-regulate the expression of TJP1, Cx43, and Occludin. In Leydig cells, methomyl dose-dependently inhibited the expression of steroid synthase P450scc, StAR, Hsd3b1 and down-regulated the level of testosterone, but did not affect Cyp17a1 and Hsd17b1, while folic acid could significantly up-regulate the expression of P450scc, StAR, Hsd3b, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b1, and reverse testosterone level downtrend. Simultaneously, methomyl did not affect the expression of Dnmt1, Dnmt3A, Dnmt3B genes in testicular cells, while folic acid dose-dependently up-regulated the expression of Dnmt1, Dnmt3A, and Dnmt3B in spermatogonia, Dnmt1 and Dnmt3B in Sertoli cells, and Dnmt1 and Dnmt3A in Leydig cells. In conclusion, folic acid attenuated the damage of methomyl on testicular spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells by altering the DNA methylation environment.
Radiosynthesis and first preclinical evaluation of the novel 11C-labelled FAP inhibitor 11C-FAPI: A comparative study of 11C-FAPIs and [68Ga]Ga-DOTAFAPI-04 in a high–FAP-expression mouse model.
Authors: Wang Cheng , Hu Zhoumi , Ding Fan , Zhao Haitao , Du Fuqiang , Lv Chun , Li Lianghua , Huang Gang , Liu Jianjun
Published: March 2022

Background:
68Ga-labelled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors, such as [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-46, have been successfully applied in positron emission tomography imaging of various tumour types. To broaden the spectrum of applicable PET tracers for extended imaging studies of FAP-dependent diseases, we herein report the radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of two 11C-labelled FAP inhibitors, 11C-FAPI-01 and 11C-FAPI-02.
Results:
11C-FAPI-01 and 11C-FAPI-02 were synthesized in over 15% radiochemical yields, with specific activities of 67 GBq/µmol and 34 GBq/µmol, respectively, at the end of synthesis and radiochemical purities greater than 99%. In U87MG tumour xenograft PET studies, the three tracers experienced higher specific uptake at the tumour site. However, because of significant differences in metabolism and clearance, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 experienced high uptake in the kidney, whereas 11C-FAPI-01 and 11C-FAPI-02 showed high uptake in the liver and intestine. Biodistribution studies revealed significant hepatobiliary excretion of 11C-FAPI-01 and 11C-FAPI-02. 11C-FAPI-02 showed higher specific tumour uptake in U87MG xenografts (1.71 ± 0.08% injected dose per gram of tissue [ID/g]) than 11C-FAPI-01 (1.34 ± 0.10%ID/g) and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 (1.29 ± 0.04%ID/g) after 30 min p.i. In orthotopic glioma models, the uptake values were 0.07 ± 0.03% ([68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04) and 0.16 ± 0.03% (11C-FAPI-02), respectively.
Conclusion:
11C-FAPI-01 and 11C-FAPI-02 are interesting candidates for translation to the clinic, taking advantage of the shorter half-life and physical imaging properties of C-11. The availability of 11C-FAPI-01 and 11C-FAPI-02 may allow extended PET studies of FAP-related diseases, such as cancer, arthritis, heart diseases, or pulmonary fibrosis.
Brain oscillatory activity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Formaggio Emanuela , Bertuccelli Margherita , Rubega Maria , Marco Roberto Di , Cantele Francesca , Gottardello Federica , Giuseppe Michela , Masiero Stefano
Published: March 2022

Background: The pathophysiology of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is not yet completely understood, but multi-factorial hypotheses have been proposed including defective central nervous system control of posture, biomechanics alterations and alterations of body schema. AIS could be the expression of a sub-clinical nervous system disorder. The aim of our study was to compare the electroencephalography (EEG) activity in adolescents with AIS and controls, to examine the brain oscillatory changes related to balance control and inquire possibly related body schema representational alterations.Methods: We recorded EEG data and balance data, with arms in both the neutral position and laterally elevated with elbow flexed at 90° (with eyes open and closed), in 14 healthy subjects and in 14 subjects with AIS. A re-adaptation of the Image Marking Procedure (IMP) was used to assess the body schema. Results: Our results revealed no balance control difference between groups; higher EEG alpha relative power over sensorimotor areas ispilateral to the side of the curve and a significant increase of theta relative powers localized over the central areas in AIS participants compared to healthy subjects. The delta body perception index (BPI) score (BPI shoulder minus BPI waist) resulted significantly different between the two groups. The inclinations of the perceived interacromial axes in girls having thoracic principal curve, and bisiliac axes in girls with lumbar principal curve, was opposite to the real inclination.Conclusions: Our results provide evidence of an increased theta activity, a lateralized alpha activity and an altered body schema perception in AIS subjects. Whether these processes are a cause or a consequence of AIS needs to be further investigated.
Testing the durability of copper based preservatives treated bamboos in ground-contact for six years
Authors: Tomak Eylem D. , Topaloglu Elif , Ermeydan Mahmut A. , Pesman Emrah
Published: March 2022

In this study, durability of bamboo samples in terms of the variability of location along culm height (top, middle and bottom) were evaluated in a ground-contact field test for six years in comparison to Scots pine and beech wood samples. Bamboo and wood samples were treated with Wolmanit-CB (CCB) and Tanalith-E (Tan-E) solutions, and then were installed in a field located in the North-West of Turkey. The decay resistance of samples was assessed by weight loss, and compared by SEM observations and FTIR analysis. Furthermore, chemical leaching from the samples was detected by ICP-OES after the test. Results showed that un-treated bamboo and wood samples had a very low durability. The SEM micrographs showed the characteristics decay patterns of soft-rot type I and brown-rot fungi in the parenchyma cells, vessels and fibers in vascular bundles. Fungal hyphae within the cell walls resulted in the gradual breakdown of the cell wall layers. FTIR analysis revealed the mechanism of the biodegradation, which indicates the reduction of carbohydrate content. The weight loss in bamboo samples was reduced when they were treated by CCB and Tan-E, but the wood preservatives did not ensure sufficient resistance for six years against soil degrading organisms since a great amount of chemical leached out from the bamboos to soil. Weight losses were well confirmed by chemical leaching rates for both CCB and Tan-E. It was observed that the lower parts of the culm were more durable, which was also in accordance with ICP-OES and SEM analysis. Copper-based preservatives seemed to be more efficient in pine and beech wood samples than bamboos since the impregnability of bamboo was much lower than that of wood.
Relative risks associated with Women’s Quality of life suffering from Metabolic, Reproductive and Psychological complications of PCOS: a comparative cross-sectional study.
Authors: Ishaq Sumira , Rizwani Ghazala H. , Fatima Sakina , Shareef Huma , Anser Humaira , Jamil Subia
Published: March 2022

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder in young women. Physical appearance, menstrual irregularities, and infertility are viewed as the sole causes of mental distress that affects quality of life.Methods: It was a comprehensive cross-sectional study that targeted women of reproductive age who visited the Abbasi Shaheed hospital's gynecology, obstetrics, and endocrinology departments in Karachi, Pakistan; aimed to compare health hazards associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and how they affect patients' quality of life (QOL) in Karachi, Pakistan. According to inclusion criteria; around 450 patients were included. PCOS patients' quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-12 questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics was applied on collected data; Pearson’s chi square test with a p-value of <0.05 indicating statistically significance was used to determine the association among various risk factor with PCOS along with QOL.Results: All patients showed the main indications of PCOS, like obesity (n = 360, 80%), acne (n = 268. 59.55%), hirsutism (n = 279, 62%), and irregular menstruation (n = 324, 72%). 274 (60.88%) patients had multiple cysts of >10 mm in diameter as per sonographic results. It was also found that Patients with PCOS showed a high occurrence of health hazards including hypertension (n = 98, 21.77%), diabetes mellitus (n =123, 27.33%), sleep apnea (n = 252, (56%), infertility (n = 135, (30%), high cholesterol level (n = 82, 18.22%) and hyperandrogenism (n = 279, 62%); this lead us to further investigate the relative risks associated with PCOS and a comparative study between 50 PCOS and Non-PCOS women was carried out. The majority of patients had low QOL scores (n = 370, or 82.21 percent), with depression being the leading cause. It was noticed that PCOs patients with diabetes, hypertension, lipid imbalance and most of all obese are more inclined to develop health related risk from these disorders; additionally, this risk is doubled for patients having poor self-esteem (P < 0.0001).Conclusion: It was found that depression, and poor self-esteem as a result of metabolic and reproductive complication are interrelated with low QOL in PCOS patients; emphasizing on the need of revising the management strategies and psychological health valuation of women with PCOS.
Characterization of methylation patterns associated with lifestyle factors and vitamin D supplementation in a healthy elderly cohort from Southwest Sweden
Authors: Cruz Maria Araceli Diaz , Ulfenborg Benjamin , Blomstrand Peter , Faresjö Maria , Ståhl Fredrik , Karlsson Sandra
Published: March 2022

Background: Numerous studies have shown that lifestyle factors, such as regular physical activity and vitamin D intake, may remarkably improve overall health and mental wellbeing. This is especially important in older adults whose vitamin D deficiency occurs with a high prevalence. This study aimed to examine the influence of lifestyle and vitamin D on global DNA methylation patterns in an elderly cohort in Southwest of Sweden. We also sought to examine the methylation levels of specific genes involved in vitamin D's molecular and metabolic activated pathways.Methods and results: We performed a genome wide methylation analysis, using Illumina Infinium DNA Methylation EPIC 850kBeadChip array, on 277 healthy individuals from Southwest Sweden at the age of 70-95. The study participants also answered queries on lifestyle, vitamin intake, heart medication, and estimated health. Vitamin D intake did not in general affect methylation patterns, which is in concert with other studies. However, when comparing the group of individuals taking vitamin supplements, including vitamin D, with those not taking supplements, a difference in methylation in the SCL25A24 gene was found. This confirms a previous finding, where changes in expression of SLC25A24 were associated with vitamin D treatment in human monocytes. The combination of vitamin D intake and high physical activity increased methylation of genes linked to regulation of vitamin D receptor pathway, the Wnt-pathway and general cancer processes. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study detecting epigenetic markers associated with the combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and high physical activity. These results deserve to be further investigated in an extended, interventional study cohort, where also the levels of 25(OH)D can be monitored.
The Effect of Incubation Near an Inverted Pyramidal Structure on Adsorption Properties of an Enzyme
Authors: Ivanov Yuri D. , Tatur Vadim Yu. , Pleshakova Tatyana O. , Shumov Ivan D. , Kozlov Andrey F. , Valueva Anastasia A. , Ivanova Irina A. , Ershova Maria O. , Ivanova Nina D. , Stepanov Igor N. , Lukyanitsa Andrei A. , Konev Vladimir A. , Ziborov Vadim S.
Published: March 2022

The incubation of a solution of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme near an inverted pyramid (IP) has been found to influence the enzyme's aggregation and adsorption properties. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been employed to study the adsorption of HRP onto mica substrates at the single-molecule level, while spectrophotometry has been used as a reference method for the estimation of its enzymatic activity. By AFM, we have revealed an increase in the relative content of HRP oligomers adsorbed onto mica substrates after the incubation of the HRP solutions below the IP's apex in comparison with the control HRP solution. The same situation has been observed after the incubation of the enzyme solution above the center of the IP's base. At that, the enzymatic activity of HRP remained virtually unchanged in the both cases. Since pyramidal structures of positive and inverted orientation are employed in biosensor devices, the results obtained in our study are important to be taken into account in the development of highly sensitive biosensor systems.
Asiaticoside expedites recovery of diabetic ulcers through activation of Wnt1/β-catenin signaling cascade
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Hao , Tan Qian
Published: March 2022

The prevalence of diabetic ulcers (DU) are on the rise, which are the most common diabetic complications, and characterized as a type of chronic and refractory wound. The specific mechanisms of DU formation remain unclarified, and the therapeutic methods also are unsatisfactory. In this study, we found asiaticoside (AC) facilitated the diabetic rats’ skin wound recovery. Intensive studies demonstrated that AC boosted fibroblast proliferation and migration in the high-glyceic environment. Mechanically, AC up-regulated Wnt1 in protein and immunohistochemistry level, and activate Wnt/β-Catenin signaling cascade, thereby promoting fibroblast functions. Thus, AC boosts skin cell activities relevant to DU may have therapeutic value.
CYBA C242T polymorphism is a risk factor for pre-eclampsia:a case control study
Authors: Zhang Ru , Liu Shuhui , Tan Ping , Hou Huabin , Guo Zihan , Liu Shiguo , Li Hui , Wang Xibing
Published: March 2022

Background: Although the mechanisms responsible for pathogenesis of preeclampsia(PE) have not been entirely clarified, oxidative stress are thought to be its leading cause. As a major component responsible for ROS production during oxidative stresses, p22phox, encoded by CYBA, is one essential subunit of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. The aim of this study is to investigate whether CYBA expression and its polymorphism were associated with PE. Methods: The expression of CYBA was analyzed in placenta of PE and control group, as well as in the HTR-8 / Svneo cells stimulated with CoCL2 and TNF-α, respectively. Then, the CYBA C242T polymorphism in 1184 patients with PE and 1421 healthy controls was genotyped by TaqMan probe, and the different distributions were confirmed by a case-control association study. Results: The expression of CYBA mRNA and protein in placenta of pregnant women with PE increased significantly. The expression of CYBA mRNA was also increased in HTR-8/Svneo cells, collected after 24 hours separately stimulated by cobalt chloride and TNF-α. In addition, there was no significant difference in the distribution of C242T locus genotype and allele frequency of CYBA between the case group and the control group (P>0.05). Conclusions: CYBA may play a role in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in PE, in which it may function via cooperating with TNF-a related inflammatory pathway. Although there was no discrepant distribution of CYBA C242T polymorphism in Chinese population, it is necessary to perform the genetic studies on more CYBA SNPs for multiple regions to gain further insights into its pathogenesis.
Development of Molecular Markers and Identification of Germplasm Resources Based on SLAF-Seq Technology in Lilii Bulbus (Bai-He in Chinese)
Authors: Yuan Yu-Han , Peng Jin-Hai , Yang Ao-Ao , Xia Ao-Nan , Wang Yan , Wang Liang , Liu Yun-Guo
Published: March 2022

In order to analyze the genetic evolution of 29 Lilii Bulbus (Baihe), high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) marks, and a specific length amplified fragment sequences (SLAFs) were constructed. As a result of sequencing, 76.92 Mb reads were detected. The data of reads for each sample ranged from 1,356,347 to 5,736,545. The average of Q30 and GC content were 93.26% and 36.09%, respectively. In addition, 247,458 high-quality SLAF tags were obtained with the average sequencing depth of 11.07x, among which 135,981 polymorphic SLAF tags and 4,238,446 SNP tags were developed. Phylogenetic tree analysis of different sequences showed that 29 Lilii Bulbus germplasm resources clustered in the same clade. Our sequencing data of SLAF-seq profiling clues to potential genes identification and genetic diversity analysis study. The present useful genetic information of Lilii Bulbus, and the SNP molecular markers will provide a theoretical basis for genetic association studies of Lilii Bulbus germplasm resources.
Are patients on chronic hemodialysis treatment protected against mortality due to COVID-19? A single-center retrospective cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 requiring hemodialysis treatment
Authors: Juha Márk , Kóczy Ágnes , Ledó Nóra , Tislér András , Takács István , Tabák Ádám , Kevei Péter , Pethő Ákos Géza
Published: March 2022

Background: It is widely accepted that SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the pathogen causing COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), not only affects the respiratory system but can damage other organs, including the kidneys. We aimed to assess the mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received hemodialysis treatment (patients with previously normal renal function - nCKD, patients with chronic kidney disease previously not requiring hemodialysis - CKDnonHD, and CKD patients on regular hemodialysis - pHD). Material and methods: All COVID-19 patients admitted to our institution (01/OCT/2020-31/MAY/2021) who received hemodialysis treatment were followed up for all-cause mortality in the central database of the National Health Service until 01/DEC/2021. Data on demography, presenting signs and symptoms, and laboratory results at baseline were drawn from hospital charts. All-cause mortality was compared between nCKD, CKDnonHD, and pHD groups in crude and adjusted Cox-proportional hazard models.Results: 83 of 108 (76.9%) were included in the analysis due to missing covariates. Over a median 26 (interquartile range 11-266) days of follow-up 20 of 22 (90.9%) of nCKD, 23 of 24 (95.8%) of CKDnonHD, and 17 of 37 (45.9%) of pHD patients died. All groups were similar in terms of age and sex distribution. In general, nCKD patients had fewer comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease) but more severe presentations (dyspnea, O2 saturation, C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and albumin). In contrast, pHD patients had the least severe presentation. In a model adjusted for independent predictors of all-cause mortality (C-reactive protein and serum albumin), CKDnonHD patients had increased (hazard ratio [HR] 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-3.60), while pHD patients decreased mortality (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20-0.81) compared to nCKD patients. After further adjustment for the need for intensive care treatment, the difference in mortality between the nCKD and the pHD groups became non-significant.Conclusion: Patients requiring acute hemodialysis during hospitalization due to COVID-19 had a remarkably high all-cause mortality. While CKD patients who were previously not requiring hemodialysis fared worse than those without known CKD before hospitalization, the better survival of chronic hemodialysis patients suggests the role of unmeasured confounding or selection bias related to the hospitalization of even asymptomatic patients to prevent the spread of disease during transport to treatment.
“To Do, or Not to Do?”: Determinants of Stakeholders’ Acceptance on Dengue Vaccine Using PLS-SEM Analysis between Scientists and Public in Malaysia.
Authors: Arham Ahmad Firdhaus , Amin Latifah , Mustapa Muhammad Adzran Che , Mahadi Zurina , Yaacob Mashitoh , Arham Ahmad Fadhly , Norizan Nor Sabrena
Published: March 2022

Background: Dengue vaccine is the best potential alternative for protecting communities and cities from dengue. Nevertheless, the dengue vaccine’s acceptance must be considered a guide for authorities to continue intensified research and, eventually, execute dengue vaccine injections to improve public health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between the predictor factors that influence stakeholders’ attitude and intention towards the dengue vaccine.Methods: Survey data collected from 399 respondents which represent two primary stakeholder groups: scientist (n = 202) and public (n = 197) were analysed by producing a Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) model using Smart Partial Least Square (Smart-PLS) software. Results: The findings indicated a strong positive relationship between attitudes and intentions to support the dengue vaccine, followed by a perceived benefit. The perceived benefit was the most significant predictor for attitude to dengue vaccine, followed by religiosity, attitudes to technology, and trust in key players. The findings provide insights into the multi-dimensional association of the determinants of attitude-intention to support the dengue vaccine. Conclusion: Although the findings showed that stakeholders in Malaysia are optimistic about the dengue vaccine, the effectiveness of this vaccine has not been tested in Malaysia. Hence, the ongoing research must be intensified. Therefore, this study can be used to guide decision-making on the execution of the dengue vaccine not only in Malaysia but also in other countries with a history of serious dengue transmission.
Investigate of Iran Recurrence Earthquakes by the Network
Authors: Rezaei Soghra , Taghizadeh-Farahmand Fataneh
Published: March 2022

Human beings have encountered numerous natural disasters over time, that the earthquake phenomenon is one of the most damaging of all and has a very complex nature. Earthquakes manifest spatio-temporal complex behavior that can be studied using complex networks, which enabled us to recognize the global features of Earthquake. Studies on the earthquakes using the network method are based on how the network is constructed. In this paper, by constructing the network, the spatio-temporal recurrence of earthquakes occurring in the Zagros region, which is recorded at all the broadband and short-period stations of the Iranian Seismological Center (ISC, http://irsc.ut.ac.ir), are subject to statistical review. The results showed that in the Zagros area the spatio recurrence is about 0.020 km, and the time recurrence for all the thresholds of magnitude is similar to power relationship (1⁄Tα) with a α =-0.9 .
POC1A, a Novel Prognostic Biomarker that Correlated With Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Pan-cancer
Authors: Zhao Qi , Gao Shuping , Chen Xin , Zhu Xiyan
Published: March 2022

The effect of POC1 centriolar protein A (POC1A) in pan-cancer remains uncertain. In this study, POC1A expression in tumor tissues and normal tissues was analyzed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Prognostic value and clinicopathological features of POC1A were assessed using the TCGA cohort. The correlation between POC1A and immune cell infiltration of TCGA samples download from ImmuCellAI and TIMER2 databases was explored. The association between POC1A and tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and immune checkpoints genes was also assessed. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential molecular mechanism of POC1A in pan-cancer. We found that POC1A was highly expressed in almost all 33 tumors. High expression of POC1A was significantly associated with poor prognosis in most cases. Further, POC1A expression correlated with tumor immune infiltration and tumor microenvironment. In addition, POC1A expression was associated with immune checkpoint genes and TMB and MSI in pan-cancer. GSEA analysis revealed that POC1A is involved in the cell cycle-related and immune-related pathways.These results may elucidate the crucial roles played by POC1A in pan-cancer and identify POC1A as a potential novel prognosis biomarker and immunotherapy target in pan-cancer.
Physical and chemical characteristics of suspended sediment in plain river network
Authors: Tian Xueqi , Wang Hua , Shen Zilin , Yuan Weihao , Zeng Yichuan , Li Yuanyuan
Published: March 2022

The suspended movement of sediment in the plain river network is a major part of the river's sand transport, and the associated movement of suspended sand particles also influences the associated movement of pollutants in the water column. This paper selects plain river network and lakeside river network as the research area: In this paper, a plain river network and a lakeside river network are selected as the study area: the flow velocity zones are divided; the particle characteristics (geometric mean particle size GD, roundness RO, roughness FD) of the different flow velocity zones are compared; the influence of the flow velocity characteristics of the river network on the physical characteristics and enrichment capacity of suspended sand particles is assessed; the differences in elemental species and contents between different flow velocity waters are compared; the influence of the physical and chemical characteristics on the enrichment capacity of particulate heavy metals Ni is assessed. The results show that (1) The highest grain GD (5.77), roundness (1.32) and roughness (1.080) were found in the strong flow area of the Liangxi River. There was little difference in particle roughness between flow zones. (2) The average percentage content of the characteristic elements in the different flow velocity regions is generally consistent from highest to lowest, with Mg being the characteristic element with the highest average percentage content in each region. (3) The GD, FD, RO of suspended sand particles are independent of TN, TP, V, SSC and are positively correlated with flow velocity, with the particle size larger and more spherical in shape at high flow velocities in the lakeside network. (4) The enrichment factor AE = aF1(GD, RO, FD) was used to better characterize the sorption capacity of suspended sand particles for Ni than the GD factor alone, with the highest Ni sorption by suspended sand particles in the slow-flowing plain river network (EF = 3.65; AE = 4.74).
High Yield Solution Growth of FACsPbBr3 Single Crystals with Low Defect Density for Gamma-ray Spectroscopy
Authors: Huang Jinsong , Zhao Liang , Zhou Ying , Shi Zhifang , Ni Zhenyi , Liu Ye
Published: March 2022

Metal halide perovskites are promising candidates for room temperature gamma-ray spectrum detectors, however, it is challenging to grow high-quality single crystals under operation conditions to make them economically competitive to existing materials. Here, we report the growth of centimeter-size formamidinium-cesium lead bromide (FACsPbBr3) single crystals at high yield from low purity (98%) and thus low-cost precursors using a relatively low-temperature solution method. The introduction of FA into CsPbBr3 reduces defect density in crystals by eliminating the phase transition during the cooling from the growth temperature to room temperature, which significantly improves the yield of crack-free and low trap density crystals. As-grown FACsPbBr3 exhibits a high resistivity of 9.5×109 Ω cm, balanced hole and electron mobility-lifetime products of (2.2–3.2) ×10− 3 cm2 V− 1, a long charge recombination lifetime of 182 ns, and a record low deep trap density of 5.6 × 1010 cm− 3, which eventually results in a high charge collection efficiency of 84% under gamma-ray. The FACsPbBr3 spectrum detectors with an asymmetrical metal electrode configuration have achieved an energy resolution of 2.9% for 662 keV 137Cs γ-rays. The improved spectrum capability allows them to resolve Pb Kα,β X-rays (75–85 keV) for the first time in 137Cs spectrum. FACsPbBr3 single crystals show excellent stability under large biases up to 1000 volts, and no degradation of spectrum performance after 7 months.