bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PROFILE ANALYSIS OF RAMAN-SCATTERED O VI BANDS AT 6825 Å AND 7082 Å IN SANDULEAK’S STAR
Authors: Heo Jeong-Eun , Angeloni Rodolfo , Mille Francesco Di , Palma Tali , Lee Hee-Won
Published: December 2016

We present a detailed modeling of the two broad bands observed at 6825 and 7082 Å in Sanduleak’s star, a controversial object in the Large Magellanic Cloud. These bands are known to originate from Raman scattering of O vi λ
λ 1032 and 1038 photons with atomic hydrogen and are only observed in bona fide symbiotic stars. Our high-resolution spectrum obtained with the Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle spectrograph at the Magellan-Clay Telescope reveals, quite surprisingly, that the profiles of the two bands look very different: while the Raman 6825 Å band shows a single broad profile with a redward extended bump, the Raman 7082 Å band exhibits a distinct triple-peak profile. Our model suggests that the O vi emission nebula can be decomposed into a red, blue, and central emission region from an accretion disk, a bipolar outflow, and a further compact, optically thick region. We also perform Monte Carlo simulations with the aim of fitting the observed flux ratio F(6825)/F(7082) ∼ 4.5, which indicates that the neutral region in Sanduleak’s star is characterized by the column density N
H i
 ∼ 1 × 1023 cm−2.
MEASUREMENT OF A REDSHIFT-SPACE POWER SPECTRUM FOR BOSS GALAXIES AND THE GROWTH RATE AT REDSHIFT 0.57
Authors: Li Zhigang , Jing Y. P. , Zhang Pengjie , Cheng Dalong
Published: December 2016

We present a measurement of the two-dimensional (2D) redshift-space power spectrum for the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 11 CMASS galaxies in the northern Galactic cap based on the method developed by Jing & Börner. In this method, we first measure the 2D redshift-space correlation function and obtain the 2D power spectrum based on Fourier transform of the correlation function. The method is tested with an N-body mock galaxy catalog, which demonstrates that the method can yield an accurate and unbiased measurement of the redshift-space power spectrum given that the input 2D correlation function is correct. Compared with previous measurements in literature that are usually based on direct Fourier transform in redshift space, our method has the advantages that the window function and shot noise are fully corrected. Thus, our measurement can facilitate a direct comparison with the theoretical predictions. Our 2D power spectrum, by construction, can reproduce the 2D correlation function, and it can reproduce, for example, the 2D power spectrum of Beutler et al. accurately if ours is convolved with the window function they provided. We then develop a method to measure the structure growth rate, by separating the anisotropic redshift-space power spectrum from the isotropic real-space power spectrum. We have carefully corrected for the nonlinearities in the mapping from real space to redshift space, according to the theoretical model of Zhang et al. Finally, we obtain the measurement of structure growth rate f(

)σ
8(

) = 0.438 ± 0.037 at the effective redshift

 = 0.57. The result is useful for constraining cosmological parameters. The measurements of the 2D power spectrum will be released soon.
EXTENSION OF THE MURAM RADIATIVE MHD CODE FOR CORONAL SIMULATIONS
Authors: Rempel M.
Published: December 2016

We present a new version of the MURaM radiative magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code that allows for simulations spanning from the upper convection zone into the solar corona. We implement the relevant coronal physics in terms of optically thin radiative loss, field aligned heat conduction, and an equilibrium ionization equation of state. We artificially limit the coronal Alfvén and heat conduction speeds to computationally manageable values using an approximation to semi-relativistic MHD with an artificially reduced speed of light (Boris correction). We present example solutions ranging from quiet to active Sun in order to verify the validity of our approach. We quantify the role of numerical diffusivity for the effective coronal heating. We find that the (numerical) magnetic Prandtl number determines the ratio of resistive to viscous heating and that owing to the very large magnetic Prandtl number of the solar corona, heating is expected to happen predominantly through viscous dissipation. We find that reasonable solutions can be obtained with values of the reduced speed of light just marginally larger than the maximum sound speed. Overall this leads to a fully explicit code that can compute the time evolution of the solar corona in response to photospheric driving using numerical time steps not much smaller than 0.1 s. Numerical simulations of the coronal response to flux emergence covering a time span of a few days are well within reach using this approach.
THE SPATIALLY RESOLVED
COOLING LINE DEFICIT IN GALAXIES
Authors: Smith J. D. T. , Croxall Kevin , Draine Bruce , Looze Ilse De , Sandstrom Karin , Armus Lee , Beirão Pedro , Bolatto Alberto , Boquien Mederic , Brandl Bernhard , Crocker Alison , Dale Daniel A. , Galametz Maud , Groves Brent , Helou George , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Hunt Leslie , Kennicutt Robert , Walter Fabian , Wolfire Mark
Published: December 2016

We present [C ii] 158 μm measurements from over 15,000 resolved regions within 54 nearby galaxies of the Kingfish program to investigate the so-called [C ii] “line-cooling deficit” long known to occur in galaxies with different luminosities. The [C ii]/TIR ratio ranges from above 1% to below 0.1% in the sample, with a mean value of 0.48 ± 0.21%. We find that the surface density of 24 μm emission dominates this trend, with [C ii]/TIR dropping as

increases. Deviations from this overall decline are correlated with changes in the gas-phase metal abundance, with higher metallicity associated with deeper deficits at a fixed surface brightness. We supplement the local sample with resolved [C ii] measurements from nearby luminous infrared galaxies and high-redshift sources from z = 1.8–6.4, and find that star formation rate density drives a continuous trend of deepening [C ii] deficit across six orders of magnitude in

. The tightness of this correlation suggests that an approximate

can be estimated directly from global measurements of [C ii]/TIR, and a relation is provided to do so. Several low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (AGN) hosts in the sample show additional and significant central suppression of [C ii]/TIR, but these deficit enhancements occur not in those AGNs with the highest X-ray luminosities, but instead those with the highest central starlight intensities. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the [C ii] line-cooling line deficit in galaxies likely arises from local physical phenomena in interstellar gas.
Right Hemispheric Leukoencephalopathy as an Incidental Finding Following a Lightning Strike
Authors: Kruja Jera , Kuqo Altin , Grabova Serla , Rroji Arben , Vyshka Gentian
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND: Lightning injuries may produce a variety of medical conditions, and specific neurological complications have been identified, with the character of immediate aftershock effects or even long-term consequences.AIM: The authors describe the incidental finding following a routine unenhanced brain MRI performed to a young female patient, suffering from a headache.CASE REPORT: Diffuse white matter changes with the character of a leukoencephalopathy were seen, which strictly interested only the right cerebral hemisphere. The parents referred that she suffered from an indoor lightning strike at age of seven months, although she survived with almost no external burns or signs, and recovered uneventfully at that time. A discussion over the effects of electrocution and lightning strike on the human body in general, and over the nervous system, is made. Particular attention must be shown when making the differential diagnosis of leukoencephalopathies with a strictly one-hemisphere extension since several other conditions might resemble each other under the radiological aspect, here including brain viral infections, genetic disorders, and so on.CONCLUSION: The particularity of the long-term aftershock effects of the lightning strike on the central nervous system raise again the necessity of collecting data and duly reporting every electrical accident, lightning events included.
Politique de gestion de la diversité dans les grandes écoles françaises : quelles intentions stratégiques ?
Authors: Redon Gaëlle
Published: December 2016

Cet article se centre sur les politiques de gestion de la diversité des Grandes Écoles françaises. La plupart des recherches sur le management de la diversité se concentrent globalement sur les entreprises en montrant comment le management de la diversité identifie de nouveaux viviers de recrutement permettant une plus grande créativité des salariés et une performance économique accrue et de faire face au risque juridique, compte tenu des nombreuses lois sur la lutte contre les discriminations. Quelques recherches se penchent sur les Grandes Écoles, mais jusqu’à présent, pour présenter les actions de diversité centrées sur les étudiants. En parlant des intentions stratégiques des Grandes Écoles, nous déplaçons le centre d’intérêt. Au travers des résultats issus d’une méthodologie qualitative reposant sur une observation participante et d’une enquête réalisée sur le terrain avec une base d’entretiens semi-directifs, nous tenterons de répondre à la problématique suivante : Le management de la diversité dans les Grandes Écoles est-il la nouvelle voie pour répondre aux contraintes sociales, légales et économiques et les transformer en performances ? Autrement dit, quelles sont les causes, les impacts et les limites de l’ouverture des Grandes Écoles à la diversité ? L’apport principal de cet article est donc de comprendre que la diversité des individus et de leurs parcours est un enjeu social, légal, économique et stratégique de plus en plus en prégnant dans les Grandes Écoles. Néanmoins, cette prise en compte connaît des limites. Elle doit en effet faire face à des contraintes fortes qui requièrent un management adapté que toutes les Grandes Écoles ne sont pas prêtes à mettre en place. Dans cette recherche, seront ainsi étudiés les enjeux d’un pilotage efficace et ses impacts escomptés sur la performance qualitative (dynamisme, motivation, investissement, image...) et quantitative (augmentation de la rentabilité) de ce type d’organisations. Nos conclusions amènent finalement à nous interroger sur les causes, les impacts et les limites de l’ouverture des Grandes Écoles à la diversité.
Les conseillers étrangers à la Banque nationale d'Autriche 1923-1929 : contrôle ou coopération ?
Authors: Marcus Nathan
Published: December 2016

Cet article se propose d'analyser le rôle des conseillers étrangers opérant à la banque centrale autrichienne pendant les années 1920. Au-delà, il examine sous un jour nouveau la coopération entre banques centrales en Europe dans l'entre-deux-guerres, sous l'égide de la Société des Nations et de la Banque d'Angleterre, promouvant la création de banques centrales nationales indépendantes en Europe. Il met en lumière le rôle du gouverneur de la Banque d'Angleterre, Montagu Norman, dans la création de ce réseau de banques centrales et de banquiers centraux, prélude à la création de la Banque des Règlements Internationaux en 1930.
L'organisation de Bank Al-Maghrib de 1959 à nos jours : l'émergence de la banque centrale au Maroc
Authors: Feiertag Olivier
Published: December 2016

L'histoire de Bank Al-Maghrib, la banque centrale du Maroc, constitue un cas d'école pour étudier les évolutions de l'organisation et de la gouvernance d'une banque centrale. Fondée en 1959, à partir de l'ancienne Banque d'État du Maroc qui datait du protectorat français, Bank Al-Maghrib présente les trois modèles du central banking qui se sont succédé des années 1960 à nos jours : banque d'émission nationale, elle met son organisation au service du financement de l'économie marocaine en pleine croissance ; la crise de la dette et le plan d'ajustement structurel négocié avec le FMI dans les années 1980 et 1990 font évoluer ce modèle dans le sens d'une banque centrale indépendante qui débouche dans les années 2000 sur une révolution managériale inséparable de l'émergence de l'économie et de la société marocaine.
Ce que l'Inde fait à la littérature
Authors: Joubert Claire
Published: December 2016

L'étude prolonge l'analyse de la politique du savoir dont les Postcolonial Studies ont montré le rôle historique dans le colonialisme européen, pour éclairer le devenir des études littéraires dans les champs contemporains des savoirs. Souligner la continuité entre le régime scientifique moderne mis en place dans le processus de colonisation de l'Inde – où la littérature a été un enjeu majeur – et la transformation de l'ordre cognitif dans la Mondialisation permet d'opérer une historicisation de la catégorie européenne de « littérature », qui rend compte à la fois de sa situation actuelle et de son tressage constitutif et transhistorique à l'Inde.
L'Inde comme expérience de traduction : Olivier Lacombe, René Guénon, René Daumal
Authors: Bridet Guillaume
Published: December 2016

Si l'on veut bien admettre que tout objet que l'on aborde dans une optique de connaissance est d'abord un objet étranger que l'on cherche à rendre familier, le contact avec une langue et une culture étrangères fait figure de paradigme. Les pratiques de traduction et de pensée d'Olivier Lacombe, de René Guénon et de René Daumal traitées dans cet article le montrent exemplairement. À partir de ces trois figures et en particulier de la dernière, il s'agira d'établir la pertinence d'une défamiliarisation qui ne viendrait pas se résoudre en quelque familiarité que ce soit mais qui ferait passer d'un état d'ignorance au moins relative à un dessaisissement consenti.
Simone Weil de l'Afrique à l'Inde : « eadem sed aliter »
Authors: Mégevand Martin
Published: December 2016

Simone Weil, incomparable penseur de la force, n'occupe pas encore la place qu'elle mérite au sein des études postcoloniales en France. On propose de réparer cet oubli en s'interrogeant sur le détour qu'elle effectue par les sagesses de l'Inde ancienne dès les premiers temps de l'Occupation. Posant l'hypothèse d'un lien entre cet intérêt pour les cultures de l'Inde ancienne et une forte sensibilité à la question de l'altérité coloniale, on rend compte de la dimension pratique de ce détour qui confirme ses décisions de passage à l'acte contre le nazisme et on examine l'inventivité philologique dont fait preuve cette helléniste si engagée dans les combats de son temps.
L’apport de l’analyse sémantique latente à l’analyse des politiques publiques multiniveaux : un exemple avec la politique de formation tout au long de la vie
Authors: Bertrand Frédéric
Published: December 2016

Nous proposons dans cet article de montrer que l’analyse sémantique latente (LSA) couplée à une analyse statistique multiniveau offre un cadre méthodologique qui permet d’analyser formellement et d’un point de vue cognitif les politiques multiniveaux. L’hypothèse centrale qui sous-tend l’approche cognitive des politiques multiniveaux est que les idées, normes ou valeurs d’un niveau supérieur peuvent être différentes de celles qui structurent l’action au niveau inférieur et ont, par construction, une influence sur ces dernières. La méthode proposée permet de tester cette hypothèse en réélaborant la question de l’analyse multiniveau des politiques sous l’angle de l’analyse des données textuelles. L’analyse porte sur la politique de formation professionnelle telle qu’elle est présentée à travers trois documents cadres liés à la mise en œuvre du fonds social européen (FSE) en France sur la période 2007-2013.
Responsible Corporate Behaviors
Authors: Tan Basak Ucanok
Published: December 2016

The aim of this chapter is to outline the growing interest on corporate responsibility, how it has evolved and transpired itself in the form of CSR. In this respect the chapter begins by reviewing the definitions of corporate responsibility and emphasizing its difference from related concepts. In the following section major cornerstones in the evolution of corporate responsibility are explained along with a brief outlook of how the modern approaches to corporate responsibility have changed in the past 30 years. The main focus of the chapter is on factors that shape corporate responsibility. In this respect attention is directed to four perspectives used in organization studies; economic, institutional, cultural and cognitive. Theoretical underpinnings, empirical research and examples are provided for the drivers of corporate responsibility. The chapter demonstrates benefits of integrating multiple perspectives and discusses directions for the future of corporate responsibility.
Integrating New Visions of Education Models and CSR 2.0 towards University Social Responsibility (USR)
Authors: Sitnikov Catalina Soriana , Bocean Claudiu , Tudor Sorin
Published: December 2016

Currently, the adoption of a specific approach to business activities that highlights the strategic importance of corporate social responsibility hereafter CSR is the most important element influencing the existence and continuity of an organization. Thus, there is not a surprise that universities shall identify, in terms of own activities, the possibility to lead their orientation beyond teaching-learning process, towards the operations and institutional activities. At the same time, recent decades have experienced the failure of CSR as a way of doing business, govern or provide solutions and evaluate ethical issues and, thus, of the need to apply and implement a new approach - CSR 2.0. The transition from the current CSR, or 1.0, to CSR 2.0 requires the adoption of five new principles—creativity, scalability, responsiveness, glocality, and circularity—and embedding them within organizations management and culture. The paper will unfold towards two steps: the first, dedicated to the correlation between education (Blessinger's models and frameworks elements) with business (based on higher education business models), and the second, represented by integrating the new built model with the concepts and principles of CSR 2.0 developed by Visser. The new framework can be used to manage the context and processes of a socially responsible university as part of a world influenced by CSR 2.0 principles.
CSR and Social Marketing as Enablers of Recovery after the Global Recession
Authors: Gul Misra Cagla , Kaytaz Mehmet
Published: December 2016

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a relatively new concept in Turkey. Leading companies including banks stress socially responsible activities in their marketing communications. The recent economic crisis put banks into the center stage again. Turkey was one of the few countries that emerged from the economic downturn relatively quickly. In the initial stages of the crisis, banks faced some criticism for protecting their self-interest more and not acting for the benefit of the society. Later, these criticisms got weaker and less frequent. This chapter examines the behavior of banks during the crisis with respect to CSR and social marketing. Particularly, the chapter analyzes how the banks behaved during the crisis and how they supported small and medium scale enterprises and local communities through CSR strategies, as well as how they utilized CSR efforts as a marketing tool. In addition, the outcome of these strategies is discussed.
Self and the Relationship with the Screen
Authors: Ibrahim Yasmin
Published: December 2016

The self is performed through the banal of the everyday on social media. The banality of the everyday constitutes an integral part of our communication on digital platforms. Taking this as part of our performative lives in the digital economy, the paper looks at ways in which we co-produce the self through the banality of the everyday as well as a wider imagination and engagement with the world. These wider engagements are termed as ‘fictive' not because they are unreal but through a conceptual notion of how the self is performed and imagined through wider world events in digital platforms and screen cultures where convergence of technologies allow us to be constantly consumed through the screen as we live out our daily lives. The narration of our lives through the banal and the fictive constantly co-produces the self through a situated domesticity of the everyday and equally through the eventful. In the process it reveals our ongoing relationship with the screen as an orifice for the production of self and the construction of a social reality beyond our immediate domesticity.
Transmedia Storytelling Impact on Government Policy Change
Authors: Gambarato Renira Rampazzo , Medvedev Sergei Andreevich
Published: December 2016

This chapter discusses the impact of transmedia campaigns aimed at achieving a certain level of government policy change. Transmedia campaigns comprise a series of coordinated activities and organized efforts designed to achieve a social, political, or commercial goal by means of multiple media platforms. The Great British Property Scandal and Food, Inc. transmedia campaigns are considered to introduce the argument that this kind of multiplatform campaigning can actually produce concrete results in the political sphere. Moreover, this chapter focuses on the in-depth analysis of the transmedia strategies of the Fish Fight campaign to demonstrate how exactly transmedia strategies collaborate to influence policy change. The research findings point to the effective role of transmedia storytelling strategies in raising awareness in the political sphere through public participation in supporting relevant issues, influencing policy change.
Challenging the De-Politicization of Food Poverty
Authors: Howarth Anita
Published: December 2016

Austerity food blogs have come to the fore with the emergence of a neoliberal ideology of austerity, which in Britain has seen cuts to welfare benefits legitimized through individual failure explanations of poverty and the stigmatizing of benefit claimants. The consequence has been to distance ministers from food poverty and de-politicize it. Austerity food blogs, written by those forced to live hand-to-mouth, are a hybrid form of digital culture that merge narratives of lived experience, food practices and political commentary in ways that challenge the dominant views on poverty so re-politicize it. A Girl Called Jack did this by breaking the silence that the stigma of poverty imposes, by personalizing hunger through Jack Monroe's narratives of her lived experience of it and inviting the pity of the reader. Monroe also challenged austerity through practices derived during the struggle to survive and eat healthily on £10-a-week food budget. Her blog resonated powerfully but also revealed a British society deeply uneasy and polarized over modern poverty.
Food Photography, Pixelated Produce, and Cameraless Images
Authors: Blaney Aileen
Published: December 2016

In today's screen saturated culture, perceptions of food are overwhelmingly formed by images circulated via the internet and mobile. The Facebook game FarmVille is the subject of Kheti Badi (Shah, 2015), a photographic artwork reflexively engaging with the contemporary scenario of ‘post-photography'. The work comprises not of photographs taken with a traditional camera but of screenshots of a farm and its holdings as displayed in Farmville; the highly compressed jpegs cropped and resized to the point of destabilizing visual coherence are depictions not of pastoral landscapes but of computer vision and the programmable character of photography. While photography remains an instrument for recording material realities, its power extends toward feeding back into the very processes through which science and technology modify food production. This chapter explores how Kheti Badi, through a series of hyper artificial and un-photographic images, shows the constructed nature of both what we put our hands on in the supermarket and see in advertising's dreamscapes.
Development of Efficient Decision Support System Using Web Data Mining
Authors: Sreedhar G. , Chari A. Anandaraja
Published: December 2016

The management of web sites imposes a constant demand for new information and timely updates due to the increase of services and content that site owners wish to make available to their users, which in turn is motivated by the complexity and diversity of needs and behaviours of the users. Such constant labour intensive effort implies very high financial and personnel costs. The growth of World Wide Web and technologies has made business functions to be executed fast and easier. E-commerce has provided a cost efficient and effective way of doing business. Web mining is usually defined as the use of data mining techniques to automatically discover and extract information from web documents and services. Also, web data mining is commonly categorized into three areas: web content mining that describes the discovery of useful information from content, web structure mining that analyses the topology of web sites, and web usage mining that tries to make sense of the data generated by the navigation behaviour and user profile.
Improving Decision-Making in a Business Simulator Using TOPSIS Methodology for the Establishment of Reactive Stratagem
Authors: Zezzatti Carlos Alberto Ochoa Ortiz
Published: December 2016

This study combines Fuzzy Logic and multicriteria TOPSIS method for the selection, from three different alternatives, which machines of high productivity is more convenient to a construction company. The evaluation of each alternative is made through group decision making which identifies the most important criteria according to the requirements presented by the company. To assess the selected criteria in the TOPSIS method is weighted by a group of experts who, based on their experience and knowledge of this type of machinery, assess the relevance of these in the operation and functioning of the hydraulic excavator. Both qualitative and quantitative studies are used in this work, however the experts evaluate, through surveys based on Likert scale all the criteria in which they want to measure the perception. Data provided from the surveys is used for the construction and association of the groups of expert's opinion through the use of fuzzy sets to avoid ambiguity problems of the linguistic variables.
Web Data Mining in Education
Authors: Ng Wing Shui
Published: December 2016

Web data mining for extracting meaningful information from large amount of web data has been explored over a decade. The concepts and techniques have been borrowed into the education sector and the new research discipline of learning analytics has emerged. With the development of web technologies, it has been a common practice to design online collaborative learning activities to enhance learning. To apply learning analytics techniques to monitor the online collaborative process enables a lecturer to make instant and informed pedagogical decisions. However, it is still a challenge to build strong connection between learning analytics and learning science for understanding cognitive progression in learning. In this connection, this chapter reports a study to apply learning analytics techniques in the aspect of web usage mining and clustering analysis with underpinning Bloom's taxonomy to analyze students' performance in the online collaborative learning process. The impacts of intermediate interventions are also elaborated.
Web Usage Mining
Authors: Sathiyamoorthi V
Published: December 2016

In recent days, Internet technology has provided a lot of services for sharing and distributing information across the world. Among all the services, World Wide Web (WWW) plays a significant role. The slow retrieval of Web pages may lessen the interest of users from accessing them. To deal with this problem, Web caching and Web pre-fetching are the two techniques used. Web proxy caching plays a key role in improving Web performance by keeping Web objects that are likely to be used in the near future in the proxy server which is closer to the end user. It helps in reducing user perceived latency, network bandwidth utilization, and alleviating loads on the Web servers. Thus, it improves the efficiency and scalability of Web based system. This chapter gives an overview of Web usage mining and its application on Web and discusses various approaches for improving the performance of Web.
Website Topology Modification with Hotlinks Using Mined Webusage Knowledge
Authors: Puyalnithi Thendral , Viswanatham V Madhu
Published: December 2016

The hotlinks are the special links introduced in the website to reduce the time to access certain webpages in a webpage that is present in the deeper levels of the topology. Hotlinks selection mechanism plays a vital role in quick access of webpages. The problem is to decide which webpage should be having hotlinks and where the hotlinks should be placed in the website tree topology. We have proposed a methodology which starts by finding the frequent webpage access pattern of visitors of the website. The frequent pattern is found using Associative mining, Apriori algorithm or Frequent Pattern Tree algorithm. Then the frequent patterns are passed through page ranking mechanism. We find the pattern which is having the highest priority. Then the hotlinks are created for the members (webpages hyperlinks) of the pattern. Thus, the work is about assigning hotlinks for a set of pages which are frequently visited. Thus, by updating the topology by introducing hotlinks we can reduce the time to access the web pages.
Some Other Applications in Community Graph under the Preview of Social Graph Using Graph-Mining Techniques
Authors: Rao Bapuji , Mishra Sasmita , Mishra Saroja Nanda
Published: December 2016

The retrieval of sub-graph from a large graph in structured data mining is one of the fundamental tasks for analyze. Visualization and analyze large community graph are challenging day by day. Since a large community graph is very difficult to visualize, so compression is essential. To study a large community graph, compression technique may be used for compression of community graph. There should not be any loss of information or knowledge while compressing the community graph. Similarly to extract desired knowledge of a particular sub-graph from a large community graph, then the large community graph needs to be partitioned into smaller sub-community graphs. The partition aims at the edges among the community members of dissimilar communities in a community graph. Sometimes it is essential to compare two community graphs for similarity which makes easier for mining the reliable knowledge from a large community graph. Once the similarity is done then the necessary mining of knowledge can be extracted from only one community graph rather than from both which leads saving of time.
Data Mining and Data Warehousing
Authors: Sathiyamoorthi V
Published: December 2016

It is generally observed throughout the world that in the last two decades, while the average speed of computers has almost doubled in a span of around eighteen months, the average speed of the network has doubled merely in a span of just eight months! In order to improve the performance, more and more researchers are focusing their research in the field of computers and its related technologies. Data Mining is one such research area. It extracts useful information the huge amount of data present in the database. The discovered knowledge can be applied in various application areas such as marketing, fraud detections and customer retention. It discovers implicit, previously unknown and potentially useful information out of datasets. Recent trend in data mining include web mining where it discover knowledge from web based information to improve the page layout, structure and its content.
Text Mining
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: December 2016

This chapter reveals the overview of text mining; text mining, patent analysis, and keyword selection; text mining and sentiment analysis in modern marketing; text mining applications in the biomedical sciences; and the multifaceted applications of text mining. Text mining is an advanced technology utilized in business, marketing, biomedical sciences, education, and operations. Text mining offers a solution to many problems, drawing on techniques concerning information retrieval, natural language processing, information extraction, and knowledge management. Through text mining, information can be extracted to derive summaries for the words contained in the documents. Text mining has the potential to increase the research base available to business and society and to enable business to utilize the research base more effectively. Economic and societal benefits of text mining include cost savings, productivity gains, innovative new service development, new business models, and new medical treatments.
Digital Retail and How Customer-Centric Technology is Reshaping the Industry
Authors: Franco Pablo Penas
Published: December 2016

This chapter explains the digital disruption that has occurred and is still happening in the retail industry. It explains the relative positions of the world's leading retailers Wal-Mart, Amazon and Alibaba and the business models of the two top online competitors. It focuses on the impact of SMAC (Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) technologies and new retail trends enabled or boosted by technology such as omni-channel, customer experience, internet of things (IoT) and analytics, fulfillment and delivery. It deepens into IT and business model customer-centric design, the role of the customer and the store in the new digital retail and finishes with an assessment of ROI in retail digitization. The chapter concludes the fundamental IT-enabled changes of digital disruption are critical for all players, traditional brick-and-mortar retailers, pure online players and those with both an online and an offline presence.
E-Government adoption in Nigeria and the Journey So Far
Authors: Oni Sola
Published: December 2016

E-government is an emerging field of research that has generated considerable interest recently. This research examines contributions from e-government as a means of providing solutions to developmental challenges that have been linked to corruption and a lack of transparency. Although the government has embarked upon a number of e-government initiatives, Nigeria ranks low in the area of e-government provision to its citizens. Initial findings show that the focus of existing studies have been on the supply side with little research focusing on the demand side. Initial findings also indicate that the e-government initiatives that have been implemented have little to no effect on increasing transparency and decreasing corruption. A framework for the evaluation of current e-government provision with a view to combating corruption is proposed. This will incorporate the users' perspectives into further development of e-government initiatives. The resulting framework will be applied to verify the contributions of e-government towards resolving some of the challenges facing the populace.
Freight Transport and Logistics Evaluation Using Entropy Technique Integrated to TOPSIS Algorithm
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Anwar , Pereda Vivian A.
Published: December 2016

Freight transportation and logistics decisions such as modal choice decisions are strategically important for effective supply chain operation and economic benefits. The freight selection logistic is a multi-criteria multi-objective (MCMO) process, crucial for smooth sourcing of materials, cost-effective delivery of products to customers in the right time, at the right quantity. The study discusses the major transport logistics attributes and the order preference by similarity ideal solution (TOPSIS) algorithm as the preferred MCMO model to support comparative ranking among the alternative freights. The entropy weight coefficient method minimizes the subjectivity in the selection of weight of the attribute. This study integrates the entropy technique on TOPSIS platform to improve the freight selection decision. A numerical example illustrates the procedure of the proposed algorithm and ranks the choices among truck, rail, and several intermodal transport combinations (rail/truck and air/truck) in a transportation selection model.
Design Solutions Guided by User Behavior
Authors: Elhussein Mariam Ahmed
Published: December 2016

Tagging systems design is often neglected despite the fact that most system designers agree on the importance of tagging. They are viewed as part of a larger system which receives most of the attention. There is no agreed method when it comes to either analyzing existing tagging systems or designing new ones. There is a need to establish a well-structured design process that can be followed to create tagging systems with a purpose. This chapter uses practical inquiry methodology to generate a general framework that can be applied to analyze tagging systems and proceeds to suggest a design process that can be followed to create new tagging systems. Existing user behavior while tagging is the main guide for the methodology.
Mitigating Ethno-Cultural Differences
Authors: Falak Hasnain , Zaman Tariq
Published: December 2016

Community engagement is necessary for the success and sustainability of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) projects. To ensure active participation of community, researchers need to understand and adhere to the local cultural norms and adapt in the lifestyle of people. These cultural norms are mainly unwritten and implicit in nature. Hence the researchers spend maximum time of their field visits in observing and developing understanding of the community's life. In our long-term partnership with the indigenous Penan community of Long Lamai in Malaysian Borneo, we co-developed written guidelines for researchers and visitors. The researchers demonstrated their interest in aligning research process to the community's cultural values, however norm internalisation and development of associated behaviour is still a challenging. The written guidelines are yet only one of the attempts to the practices of community researchers' engagement and we are refining our methodology to enhance the researchers' learning process.
User Interface Design in Isolation from Underlying Code and Environment
Authors: Alsmadi Izzat
Published: December 2016

The success of any software application heavily depends on the success of its User Interface (UI) design. This is since users communicate with those applications through their UIs and they will build good or bad impressions based on how such UIs help them using the software. UI design evolves through the years to be more platform and even code independent. In addition, the design of an application user interface consumes a significant amount of time and resources. It is expected that not only the same UI design should be relatively easy to transfer from one platform to another, but even from one programming language release to another or even from one programming language to another. In this chapter, we conducted a thorough investigation to describe how UI design evolved through the years to be independent from the code, or any other environment element (e.g. operating system, browser, database, etc.).
User Performance Testing Indicator
Authors: Iyawe Bernadette Imuetinyan
Published: December 2016

A growing area of research in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and Human Robotic Interaction (HRI) is the development of haptic-based user performance testing. User performance testing Usability forms a vital part of these test objectives. As a result, diverse usability methods/strategies and test features are being employed. Apparently, with the robustness of haptic-based user performance testing features, user performance still has challenges. With this regard, it is vital to identify the direction and effectiveness of these methods/strategies and test features, and improvements required in the test objectives and evaluation. This chapter seeks to investigate the challenges of user performance and the user performance indicators in some HCI and HRI researches involving haptic-based test, as well as presents a User Performance Indicator Tool (UPIT) as a test validation tool to aid designers/testers in enhancing their user performance test and test evaluation outcomes.
Development of Ambient Assisted Living Products and Services
Authors: Martins Ana Isabel , Queirós Alexandra , Rocha Nelson Pacheco
Published: December 2016

Background: the involvement of the potential end users in the development processes is a relevant issue for the acceptance of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) products and services. Objective: this study aimed to use the conceptual framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to conceptualize instruments for the different phases of the AAL development processes. Methods: personas and scenarios were modified, considering the fundamental concepts of the ICF in order to highlight end user's functioning and health conditions, and an ICF based instrument for usability assessment was defined and validated. Results: the results of several observational studies suggest the adequacy of the ICF based instruments (personas and scenarios and usability assessment instrument). Conclusion: the present study indicates that the ICF based instruments can be useful tools for the development of Ambient Assisted Living products or services.
Modelling Cyber-Crime Protection Behaviour among Computer Users in the Context of Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud Imran , Ramayah T. , Nayeem Md. Mahedi Hasan , Islam S. M. Muzahidul , Gan Pei Leng
Published: December 2016

This study examined the impact of security champion and security training on protection behaviour in the context of IT service oriented SMEs in Bangladesh. Drawing upon protection motivation theory, this study examined the influence of security training on threat appraisal and influence of security training on coping appraisal which leads to protection behaviour via protection motivation. Data was collected from six different IT service oriented organizations with a sample size of 147 by survey questionnaire. Data was analysed using partial least squares (PLS) technique and result shows that perceived value of data, security training and threat appraisal are strong predictors of threat appraisal, protection motivation and protection behaviour. Theoretical contribution and practical implications of this research are also discussed.
Offerings
Authors: Pascal Ana-Maria
Published: December 2016

The chapter will discuss the key role that offerings play in everyday life in Asian and Byzantine traditions, and the ontological and eschatological beliefs behind it. Other examples of metaphysical gifts are discussed, like the Biblical notion of sacrifice, which is present both in the Old and the New Testament, that is in the Avraam-Isaac episode and Jesus' sacrifice on the cross, respectively. Some relevant pagan rituals will also be mentioned, before reflecting on what all these have in common. Since they are observed through a personal journey, and reflected upon through philosophical analysis, findings do not claim to have the ‘objectivity' of an anthropological study. Instead, they might lead to a kind of practical understanding similar to that, which narratives or images provide. Indeed, Andrey Tarkovsky's last film, Sacrifice, will serve as an illustration of the existential and, at times, eschatological meaning of the range of acts of giving that we discuss – from spiritual gifts, to offerings, and ultimately to sacrifice.
The Mystical Experience, or the Way to Transformative Union
Authors: Ionita Puiu
Published: December 2016

Mysticism is a way of knowing, but one based solely on experience. It is basically knowledge through love. Although religions have visible differences, mysticism is only one. The yogi and the Kabbalah worshiper, the Sufi, the hesychast and the Western mystical, all go through the same route, have the same behaviour and follow the same purpose. In contrast to other ways of knowing, the mystical way is one of direct experience. Knowledge is not achieved through a focus on the object, but by transforming the subject itself. Not by a protrusion, but by deepening itself. The mysterious path leads inexorably inwards. It is an ascending road passing through asceticism, unceasing prayer (the prayer of the heart) and progressing enlightening, to reach eventually, through ecstasy and revelation, the uniting purpose (Unio Mystica). Although secret and based on initiation, sometimes mysticism attracted massive groups of people, having a strong impact on the social level. Thus, in the last century Romania, there occurred two phenomena mainly due to the Eastern mysticism, respectively to hesychastic teaching and experience. These were the revival movement of religious life within the Romanian Orthodox Church, called the “Army of God”, and the movement initiated by intellectuals from the group “Burning Bush”.
Religious Themes in Contemporary Art
Authors: Ionita Codrina Laura
Published: December 2016

The relationship between art and religion, evident throughout the entire history of art, can be deciphered at two levels – that of the essence of art, and that of the actual theme the artist approaches. The mystical view on the essence of art, encountered from Orphic and Pythagorean thinkers to Heidegger and Gadamer, believes that art is a divine gift and the artist – a messenger of heavenly thoughts. But the issue of religious themes' presence in art arises especially since modern times, after the eighteenth century, when religion starts to be constantly and vehemently attacked (from the Enlightenment and the French or the Bolshevik Revolution to the “political correctness” nowadays). Art is no longer just the material transposition of a religious content; instead, religion itself becomes a theme in art, which allows artists to relate to it in different ways – from veneration to disapproval and blasphemy. However, there have always been artists to see art in its genuine meaning, in close connection with the religious sentiment. An case in point is the work of Bill Viola. In Romanian art, a good example is the art group Prolog, but also individual artists like Onisim Colta or Marin Gherasim, who understand art in its true spiritual sense of openness to the absolute.
Women and Religion in the Indian Diaspora
Authors: Pandey Annapurna Devi
Published: December 2016

In the United States, a multimillionaire businesswoman of Ukrainian descent credits the goddess Lakshmi for her wealth and prosperity. Another wealthy American woman displays a picture of the goddess in her Hollywood bathroom. The Odisha goddess has been incorporated into the lives of these Americans but women in the Odia diaspora are still trying to figure out how to honor the goddess. Through the creation of altars and the meditation of morning prayers, practitioners of new age religions have more leeway to incorporate goddess veneration into their lives without regard to Indian tradition. Women in the Odia diaspora realize that weekdays are to be devoted to the goddess, that special household activities should be completed, and that these are not easy to fit into a household where both parents work and children have to be taken all over town after school. In this paper, the author argues that for Odia American women in particular, the goddess Lakshmi represents not just wealth and prosperity, but also women's agency beyond their roles as wives and mothers. Odia women living in the United States maintain their traditions through community and religious groups. Many see the goddess Lakshmi as an ideal, recognize and honor the feminist powers of the goddess Lakshmi, but seldom do the elaborate rituals because of the constraint of time and space.