bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF BACTERICIDAL AND DISINFECTING ACTIVITY OF PEROX ANOLITE IN CHAMBER EXPERIMENTS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Prokopenko A.A. , Wanner N.E. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Kushch I.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Filipenkova G.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2021

Previously, it was found that anolyte Perox has a high bactericidal and disinfecting activity. Thus, the bactericidal activity of anolyte containing 500 mg/l of active chlorine with mineralization of 0.1-0.2 % and pH of 6.0 in relation to E. coli bacteria, pcs. 1257 – 0.0976%, and in relation to S. aureus, pcs. 209 – P – 0.1953%. Inactivation of E. coli bacteria on contaminated test objects made of wood, concrete, and iron was provided by directional aerosols of anolyte Perox in 6 hours at a flow rate of 100 ml/m2. Disinfection of test objects with protein protection contaminated with S. aureus pcs. 209-P, occurred in 6 hours at anolyte consumption of 150 ml/m2, and Mycobacterium B-5 – in 6 and 24 hours, with a drug consumption of 200 and 170 ml/ m2, respectively. Destruction spores of B. cereus pcs. 96 occurred with an exposure of 24 hours with drug consumption of 200 ml/m2. As a result of the conducted chamber experiments, we have determined effective modes of disinfection of test objects with protein protection, contaminated with microorganisms of the 1st – 4th groups of resistance.
Calibration and Performance Evaluation of Grain Corn Fertilizing Implement
Authors: Abdul Rani Rohazrin , Ahmad Sayuti Adli Fikri , Khadzir Mohd Khusairy , Ahmad Muhammad Haniff
Published: November 2021

Fertilisation in grain corn production is an important stage that must be done properly in terms of the amount of fertiliser used to reduce wastage and ensure crop growth. A fertilising implement brand Gasprado, was calibrated and evaluated for its performance to apply urea to grain corn crops at MARDI Seberang Perai, Pulau Pinang. Calibration was conducted to set the right metering for the device's opening to drop  urea that  meets the application rate of 130kg/ha. This was done by measuring the amount of urea dropped for a particular setting and distance. The machine has four metering devices which were labelled as MD1, MD2, MD3 and MD4. Additionally, the fertiliser applicator also comes with spring tine cultivating devices. The implement was tested for fertilising 56 rows of grain corn in the distance of 62 m long. The times taken for the tractor to finish four rows per run along the 62-m distance and to turn at the headland were recorded to evaluate the performance. The implement's metering devices MD1, MD2, MD3 and MD4 were calibrated at setting scales of B-1.5, B-0, B-0 and B-0, respectively that gave the urea application rate of 133 kg/ha, which was the nearest rate to the recommendation. The average working speed of the operation was at 4.08 km/h with the theoretical field capacity to be at 1.224 ha/h. Meanwhile, the machine's effective field capacity was 0.5208 ha/h, which had a field efficiency of 42.5 % for the particular farm design. The use of machine can speed up the operation of applying fertiliser to the grain corn crop but the performance is dependent on the farm layout.
Pencegahan Penggunaan Narkoba Melalui Penanaman Pendidikan Karakter pada Karang Taruna Kelurahan Jati Warna Kota Bekasi
Authors: Widyastuti Myta , Alam Bambang Perkasa , Masri Zainal Arifin
Published: November 2021

Dengan kondisi sekarang ini, semua serba sulit, banyaknya pengangguran serta banyak anak-anak remaja serta pemuda yang memiliki sikap masih lugu dengan memiliki permasalahan hidup mencoba lari dari permasalahan dan terjebak serta tidak memahami tentang narkoba. Kegiatan ini bertujuan memberikan penyuluhan serta pemahaman kepada pemuda karang taruna yang berada di lingkungan kelurahan Jati Warna Kota Bekasi. Dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan kegiatan ini dihadiri 25 orang peserta yang dilaksanakan di Aula karang Taruna kelurahan Jati Warna Kota Bekasi. Dalam Kegiatan penyuluhan menggunakan metode tata muka dengan peserta Dengan memberikan dan menjelaskan teori perspektif pendidikan, menjelaskan konsep pendidikan karakter serta langkah-langkah dalam pembelajaran pendidikan karakter. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan hal yang positif dan berjalan baik sesuai dengan rencana serta respons dari peserta akan kegiatan ini sangat cepat dan menarik dengan memberikan pemahaman serta pengetahuan dampak bahaya penggunaan obat-obat terlarang dengan penamanan pendidikan karakter. Harapan kegiatan penyuluhan ini dapat dilakukan secara berkala.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Kopi (Cascara) Menjadi Minuman Teh Kemasan UMKM Kopipa.id di Surakarta
Authors: Susanti Ari , Liliyan Aditya , Irdianty Mellia Silvy
Published: November 2021

Permasalahan yang terjadi pada mitra adalah penumpukan limbah kulit kopi banyak dikeluhkan petani karena tidak mampu menggunakan menjadi produk yang bernilai jual, limbah kulit kopi yang di hasilkan akan digunakan menghasil produk Teh Kemasan yang bermanfaat dan bermutu, alat pendukung dalam mengolah limbah kulit kopi tersebut masih bersifat sederhana oleh mitra, kandungan gizi juga akan diperhatikan agar produk aman di konsumsi oleh masyarakat, kemasan yang belum menarik konsumen. Pengabdian ini dilakukan di UMKM Kopipa.id yang berada di Surakarta.  Solusi dengan pengadaan peralatan pendukung untuk melakukan pengolahan cascara yang lebih modern, melakukan pengujian laboratorium terhadap kelayakan produk tersebut dikonsumsi, melakukan penjelasan terhadap prosedur pembuatan cascara menjadi minuman teh kemasan, melakukan pengemasan produk yang menarik konsumen, melakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan serta pengelolaan keuangan dalam menghasilkan produk sehingga bisa memperoleh produk yang menguntungkan. Tujuan mampu memanfaatkan limbah kulit kopi yang telah dikeringkan menjadi suatu produk yang bernilai jual tinggi dan membuat produk minuman kemasan yang menarik serta mampu mengelola pemasaran serta keuangan dengan baik dan tepat.  Metode yang dicapai adalah identifikasi kebutuhan masyarakat, Perancangan, Pembuatan produk dari yang tradisional menjadi yang modern, melakukan pengemasan menjadi menarik, melakukan pengujian di laboratorium serta memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan tentang pengelolaan pemasaran dan pengelolaan keuangannya. Pengabdian dilakukan adalah pengadaan peralatan untuk produksi, Tahap pelatihan manajemen bisnis dan packaging dan manajemen keuangan. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa cascara yang telah diujikan di Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang (BPSMB) Surakarta.
Stakeholder Consultation and Implementation Water Projects: A Case of Machakos County, Kenya.
Authors: Kosgei Nicholas K
Published: November 2021

For projects to be successfully implemented, consultation between the implementing agencies should be factored in as a project planning and management process. This paper looks at the influence of stakeholder consultation on the implementation of water projects in Machakos County, Kenya. The study targeted 172 water projects under implementation in the County of Machakos with respondents being seven members of project management committees. A simple random sampling technique was used in selecting 17 water projects. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 120 respondents managing 17 water projects. Quantitative collected data was analysed using descriptive (means, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages) inferential statistics (correlation statistics).  The study established a strong positive correlation (r = 0.652) between the strategy of consulting stakeholders and the implementation of water projects. The study concluded that increased stakeholders’ consultation would result in effective water projects implementation in the county. The study recommends that there is a need for the identification of link persons or officials who will always represent them during the implementation process.
COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AS A SAFE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROCESS OF DESIGNING URBAN OBJECTS
Authors:   Secondary School No. 17, Kandina P. N.
Published: November 2021

Modern changes in society affect various areas of human activity. The education process is also included in the process of active transformation and is aimed at training a competent specialist in all areas of their activity. Today, it is not enough for an artist-designer to simply be able to portray, it is necessary to possess information and computer technologies at a sufficiently high level, to be able to navigate in a safe information field and protect their information. This article is devoted to this. The article presents the works of students.
DEFINITION OF UNIVERSAL CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING THE INTERIORS OF INSTITUTIONS OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Lavrichenko G. A. , Ekaterinushkina A. V. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: November 2021

The organization of the subject-spatial environment is one of the necessary elements for the successful formation of the educational process, including in institutions of additional education. Currently, researchers pay attention to the importance of the subject-spatial component of the educational environment. To develop a comfortable, creative interior, it is necessary to develop a system for assessing the compliance of this component with modern design requirements. Within the framework of the article, a possible variant of universal criteria for evaluating recreation areas in leisure and educational institutions is proposed, the results of which reveal the existing contradictions and shortcomings, as well as provide a choice of a conceptual solution for subsequent project development.
VOLLEYBALL IN THE SYSTEM OF A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE OF STUDENT YOUTH
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Polotnyanko K. N. , Ertel V. A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Lenskaya I. F. ,   Altai State Technical University named after I. I. Polzunov
Published: November 2021

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the health of student youth is weakening. In this regard, the importance of strengthening the health of students with the help of physical culture and health-improving practices and their introduction to a healthy lifestyle increases. Strengthening the health of students should take place in specific forms, which requires physical education teachers and coaches to develop their skills, and from students to expand their physical and mental qualities, formed by means of physical culture and sports. The article, using the example of physical education in a medical University examines the place and role of volleyball as a very attractive game sport, which is an integral part of physical education curricula, and is also part of the structure of university sports sections. The role of volleyball in the formation of professional and applied qualities of a future doctor is shown.
AEROBICS IN THE SYSTEM OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Khimicheva N. A. , Sharapova S. V. ,   Altai State Medical University, Durakova S. A. ,   Altai State Medical University
Published: November 2021

The article discusses aerobics as an important component of the academic discipline «Physical culture», sports training, sports and recreation and cultural work with students at the university. The history of the formation of aerobics, its attractiveness for the physical training of young people and their introduction to a healthy lifestyle are described. The characteristics of different types of aerobics and the specificity of training students are given. Its positive impact, as an aerobic rhythmic sport with musical accompaniment, on the development of physical and psycho-emotional qualities of a young person has been substantiated.
PROBLEMS OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL DIGITALIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Yaroslav the Wise Novgorod State University, Melnikov V. E.
Published: November 2021

The article considers the system of digitalization of higher education, where the problems associated with the introduction of digital technologies and tools into the educational process with the transition to online learning are identified. It is shown that digitalization makes significant changes in modern higher education. The transition to online education creates a need to change the management of an educational organization.
RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHICAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN THE WORKS OF N. A. BERDYAEV
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Shumilina Y.V.
Published: November 2021

The article based on the analysis of the works of N. A. Berdyaev examines the main features of the Russian philosophical consciousness, its origins and eschatological aspiration, its spiritual role in the future of mankind.
SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITIONALITY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONVERGENT PROCESSES IN MODERN EDUCATIONК
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Afonina R. N.
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the understanding of the term “convergence” from the position of general scientific application and meaning. Attention is focused on the socio-cultural conditionality of the convergence of the natural science and humanitarian spheres of culture and the corresponding systems of scientific knowledge. It is stated that convergent processes, which are both a system-forming value and a mechanism for harmonizing modern culture, are reflected in the development of science, which in turn determines the development of convergent processes in education.
A CUBIC EL-GAMAL ENCRYPTION SCHEME BASED ON LUCAS SEQUENCE AND ELLIPTIC CURVE
Authors: Wong T. J. , Koo L. F. , Naning F. H. , Rasedee A. F. N. , Magiman M. M. , Sathar M. H. A.
Published: November 2021

The public key cryptosystem is fundamental in safeguard communication in cyberspace. This paper described a new cryptosystem analogous to El-Gamal encryption scheme, which utilizing the Lucas sequence and Elliptic Curve. Similar to Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA), the proposed cryptosystem requires a precise hard mathematical problem as the essential part of security strength. The chosen plaintext attack (CPA) was employed to investigate the security of this cryptosystem. The result shows that the system is vulnerable against the CPA when the sender decrypts a plaintext with modified public key, where the cryptanalyst able to break the security of the proposed cryptosystem by recovering the plaintext even without knowing the secret key from either the sender or receiver.
Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review
Authors: Giménez-Fernández Tamara , Luque David , Shanks David R. , Vadillo Miguel A.
Published: November 2021

﻿In studies on probabilistic cuing of visual search, participants search for a target among several distractors and report some feature of the target. In a biased stage the target appears more frequently in one specific area of the search display. Eventually, participants become faster at finding the target in that rich region compared to the sparse region. In some experiments, this stage is followed by an unbiased stage, where the target is evenly located across all regions of the display. Despite this change in the spatial distribution of targets, search speed usually remains faster when the target is located in the previously rich region. The persistence of the bias even when it is no longer advantageous has been taken as evidence that this phenomenon is an attentional habit. The aim of this meta-analysis was to test whether the magnitude of probabilistic cuing decreases from the biased to the unbiased stage. A meta-analysis of 42 studies confirmed that probabilistic cuing during the unbiased stage was roughly half the size of cuing during the biased stage, and this decrease persisted even after correcting for publication bias. Thus, the evidence supporting the claim that probabilistic cuing is an attentional habit might not be as compelling as previously thought.
Putting the individual into reliability: Bayesian testing of homogeneous within-person variance in hierarchical models
Authors: Williams Donald R. , Martin Stephen R. , Rast Philippe
Published: November 2021

Measurement reliability is a fundamental concept in psychology. It is traditionally considered a stable property of a questionnaire, measurement device, or experimental task. Although intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) are often used to assess reliability in repeated measure designs, their descriptive nature depends upon the assumption of a common within-person variance. This work focuses on the presumption that each individual is adequately described by the average within-person variance in hierarchical models. And thus whether reliability generalizes to the individual level, which leads directly into the notion of individually varying ICCs. In particular, we introduce a novel approach, using the Bayes factor, wherein a researcher can directly test for homogeneous within-person variance in hierarchical models. Additionally, we introduce a membership model that allows for classifying which (and how many) individuals belong to the common variance model. The utility of our methodology is demonstrated on cognitive inhibition tasks. We find that heterogeneous within-person variance is a defining feature of these tasks, and in one case, the ratio between the largest to smallest within-person variance exceeded 20. This translates into a tenfold difference in person-specific reliability! We also find that few individuals belong to the common variance model, and thus traditional reliability indices are potentially masking important individual variation. We discuss the implications of our findings and possible future directions. The methods are implemented in the R packagevICC
Science and Technology ODA Promotion of Korea through ICT of Global Problem Solving Centers -Suggestion on the mid- and short-term projects promotion of science and technology ODA roadmap-
Authors: Jung Woo-Kyun , Shin Kwanwoo , Jeong Seongpil , Park Hunkyun , Park Eun Sun , Ahn Sung-Hoon
Published: November 2021

The Korean government proposed the K-SDGs in 2019 to promote the UN SDGs, but the role and tasks of science and technology, an important means of implementing the SDGs, have not been materialized. Accordingly, the role of science and technology ODA for the SDGs was established through the Ministry of Science and ICT's policy research project 'Science and Technology ODA Promotion Roadmap for Spreading the New Southern Policy and Realizing the 2030 SDGs'. In addition, goals, strategies, and core tasks for the next 10 years were derived in 10 fields such as water, climate change, energy, and ICT. In this paper, we analyze 30 key tasks of the ODA promotion roadmap for science and technology for the realization of SDGs, and propose mid- and short-term tasks and implementation plans for effective roadmap promotion. Among the key tasks in each field, four common elements were derived: ICT/smartization, a global problem-solving center, cooperation/communication platform, and business model/startup support platform/living lab that can create and integrate roadmap implementation conditions. In addition, the four mid- and short-term tasks, 1) Establishment of science and technology ODA network, 2) Establishment of living lab business platform linked to start-up support business, 3) Local smartization of recipient countries, and 4) Expand and secure sustainability of global problem-solving centers, were set in relation to the implementation of the detailed roadmap. For the derived mid- and short-term tasks, detailed implementation plans based on the ICTization of global problem-solving centers were presented. The implementation of the mid- and short-term tasks presented in this paper can contribute to the more effective achievement of the science and technology ODA roadmap, and it is expected that Korea's implementation of SDGs will also achieve high performance.
A Verified Formal Specification of A Secured Communication Method For Smart Card Applications
Authors: Kim Donald D.
Published: November 2021

In remote villages without access to modern IT technology, simple devices such as smartcards can be used to carry out business transactions. These devices typically store multiple business applications from multiple vendors. Although devices must prevent malicious or accidental security breaches among the applications, a secure communication channel between two applications from different vendors is often required. In this paper, first, we propose a method of establishing secure communication channels between applications in embedded operating systems that run on multi-applet smart cards. Second, we enforce the high assurance using an intransitive noninterference security policy. Thirdly, we formalize the method through the Z language and create the formal specification of the proposed secure system. Finally, we verify its correctness using Rushby's unwinding theorem.
Promoting Access to Health Technologies in the Post-pandemic Era: Gavi, Global Fund, Unitaid, and Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A) Programs
Authors: Song Sooyeon , Heo Jongho
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Global collaboration to accelerate development and equitable access to COVID-19 tests, treatments, and vaccines was launched with the name of the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A), and this initiative owes its expertise to the lessons learned of the global health organizations. To date, the comprehensive mechanisms and potential effects of the initiative remain largely unknown. Methods: This study reviewed the programs of Gavi, the Global Fund, Unitaid, and ACT-A, which mitigating barriers to greater use of health technology with an analytic framework. Results and conclusion: The study findings are as follows. First, programs to alleviate the absence of necessary technology include the International Finance Facility for Immunization and Covax Facility. Second, Pooled Procurement Mechanism and Accelerated Order Mechanism are examples of mitigating the inability to access technology. Third, programs to overcome reluctance to adopt accessible technology include health system strengthening efforts such as the capacity-building health workforces. Further actions of Korea are needed to collaborate with the initiatives to enhance health outcomes.
A Rapid Review of the Use of Appropriate Technology in Global Health
Authors: Park Jayoung , Shin Heesu , Choi Hee Joon , Heo Jongho , Kim Woong-Han
Published: November 2021

The need for appropriate technology in global health has expanded dramatically as the gap between industrialized and developing countries continues to expand. However, there is no collective knowledge of appropriate technology in global health. Thus, this study intends to provide light on the latest developments in the field of appropriate technology in global health and to speculate on future directions. A rapid review, or simplified technique, was used to systematically identify and summarize emerging papers. The search technique used the keywords “global health” and “appropriate technology.” The total number of papers collected from PubMed and Scopus was 427, and 19 articles were thoroughly reviewed for the result section following the research. The study's conclusions included the following: 1) an assessment of appropriate technology adopted in developing countries; and 2) strategies for implementing appropriate technologies in global health. Additionally, we drew lessons and identified problems to serve as a useful guide for future research and development in appropriate technology. This review uncovered a small but valuable level of information about acceptable technology in global health.
Water Education for Public Servants of Developing Countries in the post COVID-19 world
Authors: Kim Saebhom , Sung Sukkyung , Choi Younggyun
Published: November 2021

After the COVID-19 pandemic, hand hygiene has become more important to prevent and reduce infection. To manage and provide water to ensure safe handwashing, water governance and the role of public servants are also getting critical. Many organizations have given their priority to capacity building of public servants. In the Strategic Plan for the ninth phase of the Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme (2022-2029), ‘Water education in the Fourth Industrial Revolution’ is included as a priority. In Korea, ODA in the field of water and sanitation is emphasized in Korea’s 3rd Mid-term Strategy for Development Cooperation (2021-2025). Also, KOICA and various water-related organizations have been organizing water education programs for developing countries. This study presents the direction for water education for public servants in developing countries in the post COVID-19 through the education program cases of the International Centre for Water Security and Sustainable Management established by the agreement between the Korean government and UNESCO in 2017. The study suggests that water-related organizations should cooperate with each other to prevent duplication of water education contents. It also suggests that blended learning should be actively utilized for the improvement of education program effectiveness. Lastly, the study emphasizes that education demand for the water technologies related to the fourth industrial revolution and smart water management is increasing, which should be considered when water-related organizations create online content or design education programs.
Molecular and proteomic signatures associated with preservation related graft injury: insight from human liver normothermic machine perfusion (NMP)
Authors: Dengu Fungai
Published: November 2021

Fungai Dengu1; Sadr Shaheed1; Letizia Lo Faro1; Adam Thorne1; Honglei Huang1; Peter Friend1,Rutger Ploeg1.

1. Oxford Organ Perfusion Lab, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences and Oxford BiomedicalResearch Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

 

 

BackgroundContinuous liver NMP is a novel technology associated with safe extension of organ preservation time, increased organ utilisation and reduced early graft injury1. Increasingly, it is utilised as a ‘back to base’ application with cold storage for organ transport and NMP initiated at the implanting centre prior to transplantation2. We aimed to evaluate the impact of additional cold ischaemia time (CIT) on the proteomic and molecular signature of NMP livers.

Methods Liver tissue samples (N= 57) from a prospective clinical trial of ‘back to base’ NMP were analysed. Collection occurred at the end of cold storage (LT1), end of NMP/total preservation (LT2) and after organ reperfusion (LT3). Unbiased, label-free-quantitative (LFQ) proteomic analysis was conducted using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) to time-of-flight (TOF) mass analysis (LC-MS/MS TIMS-TOF). Differential expression and Gene Ontology/Pathway analysis were performed.

Results LT2 samples with prolonged CIT (>6hr) prior to NMP had significant differential expression of proteins associated with liver-specific oxidative stress, cellular haemostasis and removal of damaged or misfolded proteins (e.g. CYP3A5, PSMB1). LT3 samples, similarly, had reduced proteins involved in autophagy and cell-cycle regulation (e.g. STBD1, CD2AP, GADD45GIP1,) and increased expression of proteins involved in neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesion and aggregation (e.g. S100A9).

Discussion The molecular signature of grafts at LT2 and LT3 varies depending on the length of CIT prior to NMP. Further exploration of the molecular signatures associated with preservation related graft injury is required to determine how best to apply this novel technology clinically. References:

1. Nasralla, D. et al. A randomized trial of normothermic preservation in liver transplantation. Nature 557, 50–56 (2018).2. Ceresa, C. D. L. et al. Transient Cold Storage Prior to Normothermic Liver Perfusion May Facilitate Adoption of a Novel Technology. Liver Transplant. lt.25584 (2019).doi:10.1002/lt.25584
The role of biased calcium-sensing receptor signalling in urinary calcium excretion and kidney stone disease
Authors: Goldsworthy Michelle
Published: November 2021

Michelle Goldsworthy1,2, Asha Bayliss2, Anna Gluck2, Akira Wiberg3, Benjamin Turney1, DominicFurniss3, Rajesh Thakker2, Sarah Howles1,2

1Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.2Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UnitedKingdom.3Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Universityof Oxford, United Kingdom.

 

Nephrolithiasis is a major health burden with a poorly understood pathogenesis. We conducted a genome-wide association study in British and Japanese populations identifying twenty nephrolithiasis-associated loci. Mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) cause disorders of calcium homeostasis and five identified loci (DGKD, DGKH, WDR72, GPIC1 and BCR) were predicted to influence CaSR-signalling.

In a validation population, we demonstrated that genotype at the DGKD-associated locus correlated with urinary calcium excretion but not serum calcium concentration. In vitro studies demonstrated that knockdown and overexpression of DGKD resulted in biased CaSR-signalling. Thus, treatment of CaSR-expressing HEK cells with DGKD-targeted siRNA (DGKD-KD), resulted in decreased MAPK responses to alterations in extracellular calcium concentration [Ca2+]e, as assessed by SRE-reporter and ERK-phosphorylation (pERK) assays, when compared to cells treated with scrambled siRNA (WT) but without alteration in intracellular calcium responses [Ca2+]i as assessed by NFAT-reporter and Fluo-4 calcium assays (SRE maximal response DGKD-KD =5.28 fold change vs. WT=7.20 p=0.0065, pERK maximal response DGKD-KD=24.77, vs. WT= 39.46 fold change, p=0.0056). Conversely, DGKD overexpression (DGKD-OE) increased MAPK responses but suppressed [Ca2+]i responses to alterations in [Ca2+]e (SRE maximal response DGKD-OE =14.13 fold change vs. WT=9.06 fold change, p=0.01; NFAT maximal response DGKD-OE=13.67 fold change vs WT=59.16 fold change, p=0.0001).

Our results demonstrate that alterations in DGKD expression cause biased CaSR-signalling. This biased signalling may provide an explanation for the correlation of genotype at the DGKD-associated locus with urinary calcium excretion but not serum calcium concentration. Our findings suggest that biased CaSR-signalling may be a common cause of nephrolithiasis.
O idee, o conferință, un volum / An idea, a conference, a volume
Authors: Budeanca Cosmin
Published: November 2021

An idea, a conference, a volume
Abordarea conflictului transnistrean în stânga Nistrului și în lucrările proseparatiste / Approaching the Transnistrian conflict on the left bank of the Dniester in the pro-separatist works as well
Authors: Prisac Lidia
Published: November 2021

The article reveals the historiographical approach of Transnistrian separatism in the works of pro-separatist authors, Russian and those publicized in the Eastern part of the Republic of Moldova. The author presents the works that appeared until 2005. As it is ascertained, researchers dwell upon the Transnistrian separatism problem from the position of the environment they were rooted in, projecting their research results on the present and the future, or out of the need to aliment and decode their identity, to feed their imagination. The pro-separatist historiography includes the same ideas regarding the MSSR history. This means nothing but “the translation” of the past into present or the mechanic and passionate protection of the present into the past, the positive or negative capitalization of historical events, or decline in the run of deformation and fabrication in pro-separatist historiography was produced due to an ideological approach of the Transnistrian problem. Albeit, generally speaking, all authors both from Transnistria and the Russian Federation
recognize the impact of the Russian Federation in generating and perpetuating the Transnistrian separatism.
Separatismul în spațiul post-sovietic, între seceră și ciocan / Separatism in the post-Soviet space, between the sickle and the hammer
Authors: Bobeica Mihaela-Denisa
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to present a comprehensive and complete analysis of the separatist movements from the ex-Soviet space, especially in the Republic of Moldova. The paper focuses on presenting both the national and international context immediately after the fall of the USSR, as well as the factors that determined the apparition of the separatist movements. Multiple causes and effects are paired and presented to expose the chronology that followed the unfolding of those historical events. The paper is split into three main topics: the Transnistrian conflict and its consequences, the Georgian conflict and its aftermath, and the ongoing conflicts between Armenia and Azerbaijan.
Războiul de pe Nistru și separatismul transnistrean: narațiuni contradictorii / The war on the Dniester and Transnistrian separatism: contradictory narratives
Authors: Coada Ludmila
Published: November 2021

The separatist conflict in the eastern districts of the Republic of Moldova – the premises and sources that fueled it, the events it has provoked over the years, the 1992 war, and other various related topics generate diverse and contradictory narratives among interested political actors. The rhetoric of Chisinau, Tiraspol, and the Kremlin denotes opposed visions and positions. While in Chisinau officials talk about the independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Moldova, internationally recognized in 1991, in Moscow and on the left bank of the Nistru they make arguments to justify the actions undertaken by Tiraspol separatists over the past three decades to create and consolidate the so-called Transnistrian „statehood” – existing de facto, but not recognized by
anyone internationally
Invariant Differential Forms on Complexes of Graphs and Feynman Integrals
Authors:   University of Oxford, UK, Brown Francis
Published: November 2021

We study differential forms on an algebraic compactification of a moduli space of metric graphs. Canonical examples of such forms are obtained by pulling back invariant differentials along a tropical Torelli map. The invariant differential forms in question generate the stable real cohomology of the general linear group, as shown by Borel. By integrating such invariant forms over the space of metrics on a graph, we define canonical period integrals associated to graphs, which we prove are always finite and take the form of generalised Feynman integrals. Furthermore, canonical integrals can be used to detect the non-vanishing of homology classes in the commutative graph complex. This theory leads to insights about the structure of the cohomology of the commutative graph complex, and new connections between graph complexes, motivic Galois groups and quantum field theory.
Kepler-411 Star Activity: Connection between Starspots and Superflares
Authors: Araújo Alexandre , Valio Adriana
Published: November 2021

Stellar magnetic activity, just like that of the Sun, manifests itself in the form of flares and spots on the surface of the star. In the solar case, the largest flares originate from large active regions. In this work, we present a study of the activity of the star Kepler-411, including spot modeling from planetary transits. Our goal was to search for a connection between the area of starspots with the energy of superflares produced by this star. Kepler-411 is a K2V-type star with an average rotation period of 10.52 days, radius of 0.79 R
⊙, and a mass of 0.83 M
⊙, which was observed by the Kepler satellite for about 600 days. Transit mapping allowed for the characterization of 198 starspots with estimates of their radius and temperature. Kepler-411 starspots had an average radius of (17 ± 7) × 103 km and a mean temperature of 3800 ± 700 K. Visual inspection of the light curves of Kepler-411 yields the identification of 65 superflares. The detected superflares lasted from 8 to 260 minutes and their energy varied from 1033–1035 ergs. The power-law index of the flare frequency distribution as a function of energy is (−2.04 ± 0.13) for the flare on Kepler-411. A positive correlation between the area of starspots and the energy of superflares was found when considering the averages taken every 16–35 days, with the highest correlation occurring for averages every 21 days. This timing is probably related to the lifetime of the Kepler-411 spots.
X-Ray Evidence Against the Hypothesis that the Hyperluminous z = 6.3 Quasar J0100+2802 is Lensed
Authors: Connor Thomas , Stern Daniel , Bañados Eduardo , Mazzucchelli Chiara
Published: November 2021

The z = 6.327 quasar SDSS J010013.02+280225.8 (hereafter J0100+2802) is believed to be powered by a black hole more massive than 1010
M
⊙, making it the most massive black hole known in the first billion years of the universe. However, recent high-resolution ALMA imaging shows four structures at the location of this quasar, potentially implying that it is lensed with a magnification of μ ∼ 450 and thus its black hole is significantly less massive. Furthermore, for the underlying distribution of magnifications of z ≳ 6 quasars to produce such an extreme value, theoretical models predict that a larger number of quasars in this epoch should be lensed, implying further overestimates of early black hole masses. To provide an independent constraint on the possibility that J0100+2802 is lensed, we reanalyzed archival XMM-Newton observations of the quasar and compared the expected ratios of X-ray luminosity to rest-frame UV and IR luminosities. For both cases, J0100+2802's X-ray flux is consistent with the no-lensing scenario; while this could be explained by J0100+2802 being X-ray faint, we find it does not have the X-ray or optical spectral features expected for an X-ray faint quasar. Finally, we compare the overall distribution of X-ray fluxes for known, typical z ≳ 6 quasars. We find a 3σ tension between the observed and predicted X-ray-to-UV flux ratios when adopting the magnification probability distribution required to produce a μ = 450 quasar.
Sites of violence and their communities: Critical memory studies in the post-human era (Kraków, 24–25 September 2019)
Authors: Szczepan Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

This discussion gathers voices of an international group of researchers and practitioners from various disciplines and institutions who focus on diverse aspects of sites of past violence in their work: archaeology, history, ethics, literature and art, curatorial practices, oral history, education and commemoration. The debate, which took place during the conference “Sites of Violence and Their Communities: Critical Memory Studies in the Post-Human Era” in Kraków in September 2019, itself centres on six main topics: the question of archives of uncommemorated killing sites; research methodology; the position of the researchers themselves; the problem of complicity during conflict and the right to be a witness to past crimes; the place of the Righteous Among the Nations within Polish collective memory and the international debate on the Holocaust; and, finally, new ways of commemoration and education about mass violence.

Participants: Katarzyna Bojarska, Michał Chojak, Ewa Domańska, Zuzanna Dziuban, Karolina Grzywnowicz, Aleksandra Janus, Karina Jarzyńska, Maria Kobielska, Rob van der Laarse, Bryce Lease, Erica Lehrer, Jacek Leociak, Tomasz Łysak, Tomasz Majkowski, Christina Morina, Matilda Mroz, Adam Musiał, Agnieszka Nieradko, Łukasz Posłuszny, Roma Sendyka, Caroline Sturdy Colls, Katarzyna Suszkiewicz, Aleksandra Szczepan, Krijn Thijs, Jonathan Webber, Anna Zagrodzka, Tomasz Żukowski
Radecznica memory game. An educational workshop
Authors: Majkowski Tomasz Z. , Suszkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

The paper describes and discusses the educational workshop in the form of a board game jam held in Radecznica, a village in Eastern Poland. The event, organised by researchers from the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, was a follow-up of the research project on uncommemorated Jewish mass graves in the area. The aim of the workshop was to facilitate individual reflection on local Holocaust killings amongst the participating adults, as well as to bolster the memory of mass graves in Radecznica. Combining Holocaust memories with the didactic properties of rapid board game design, it was also an attempt to employ game jams as a method in Holocaust-related education. The workshop’s success leaves us optimistic regarding the method and its possible applications in the future.
Sites of violence and their communities: critical memory studies in the post-human era
Authors: Sendyka Roma
Published: November 2021

“Sites of Violence and their Communities” presents the results of a research project that brought together scholars and practitioners of memory work in an attempt to critically reinterpret the links between sites, their (human, and non-human) users, and memory. These interdisciplinary discussions focused on overlooked, repressed or ignored sites of violence that may benefit from new approaches to memory studies, approaches that go beyond the traditional focus on communication, symbolism, representation and communality. Clandestine or contested sites, in particular, pose challenging questions about memory practices and policies: about the status of unacknowledged victims and those who witnessed their deaths; about those who have inherited the position of “bystander”; about the ontology of human remains; and about the ontologies of the sites themselves, with the natural and communal environments implicated in their perdurance. Claude Lanzmann – one of the first to undertake rigorous research on abandoned, uncommemorated or clandestine sites of violence – responded to Pierre Nora’s seminal conception with his work and with the critical notion of “non-lieux de mémoire.” Methodologies emerging from more traditional as well as recently introduced perspectives (like forensic, ecological, and material ones) allowed team members to engage with such “non-sites of memory” from new angles. The goal was to consider the needs and interests of post-conflict societies; to identify and critically read unofficial transmissions of memory; and to re-locate memory in new contexts – in the grassroots of social, political and institutional processes where the human, post-human and natural merge with unanticipated mnemonic dynamics.
Soundscapes and protected area conservation: Are noises in nature making people complacent?
Authors: Ednie Andrea , Gale Trace
Published: November 2021

This study explores how existing connections to natural places may affect PA visitors’ experiences and perceptions within the PA. Specifically, outside-the-PA soundscape perceptions are examined to better understand how their experiences outside the PA may affect perceptions of PA soundscapes and visitors’ ability to effectively contribute to conservation monitoring. Survey research (n=389) of recent urban visitors to the Chilean Coyhaique National Reserve (CNR) in Patagonia unpacked perceptions of the acoustic environments within the places where participants felt most connected to nature, including landscape features, favorite and prevalent sounds, and acceptability of particular anthrophonic sounds. Favorite and prevalent sounds were open-coded, and anthrophonic sounds were rated for prevalence and acceptability. The mountain landscape features and sounds (‘wind’, ‘running water’,‘ birds’) participants described as prominent within the places where they felt most connected to nature aligned well with CNR characteristics. Participants who ‘sometimes’‘/often’ heard certain anthropogenic sounds (vehicles, aircraft, machines, city sounds), within the places where they felt most connected to nature, rated those sounds as more acceptable than participants who reported ‘never’ hearing them, raising concerns about complacency toward anthrophony in natural settings. Continued research efforts are warranted to better understand visitors’ frames of reference, their influence on the reliability of social norm data for PA soundscape monitoring, and their influence on PA managers’ ability to protect conservation values.
Year of struggle: Reflections on secondary education in Norfolk through the pandemic
Authors: Eden Dena
Published: November 2021

This is a companion-piece to my account (published in FORUM 62/3) of how the Covid-19 pandemic affected teachers in Norfolk schools. I give a brief overview of the past academic year, then draw on interviews with 21 secondary teachers to highlight certain general themes, before
considering particular characteristics of each of the past three terms. Finally, I present teachers' overall reflections. The experiences of staff I interviewed seem to exemplify certain general aspects of teaching through the pandemic: of intensified workload, pressures relating to caring
for students, and recognition of the ways in which the pandemic exacerbated existing social and educational inequalities. Staff responses suggest that the discourse presented in parts of the media about a 'lost generation' of students is particularly misleading and unhelpful.
From the FORUM Archive: The Person-Centred School
Authors: Fielding Michael
Published: November 2021

The fourth article we are highlighting from the extensive FORUM archive introduces Michael Fielding's critique of practice and policy for school effectiveness, first published in 2000. In it, Fielding describes the disillusionment with New Labour education policies before setting
out a well-made argument for the person-centred school to promote human fulfilment.
On weak martingale solutions to a stochastic Allen-Cahn-Navier-Stokes model with inertial effects
Authors: Medjo T. Tachim
Published: November 2021

We consider a stochastic Allen-Cahn-Navier-Stokes equations with inertial effects in a bounded domain \begin{document}$ D\subset\mathbb{R}^{d} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ d = 2, 3 $\end{document}, driven by a multiplicative noise. The existence of a global weak martingale solution is proved under non-Lipschitz assumptions on the coefficients. The construction of the solution is based on the Faedo-Galerkin approximation, compactness method and the Skorokhod representation theorem.
Long-time dynamics of a stochastic multimolecule oscillatory reaction model with Poisson jumps
Authors: Wei Yongchang ,   School of Information and Mathematics, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China, Yin Zongbin ,   School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510665, China
Published: November 2021

This paper reveals dynamical behaviors in the stochastic multimolecule oscillatory reaction model with Poisson jumps. First, this system is proved to have a unique global positive solution via the Lyapunov technique. Second, the existence and uniqueness of general random attractors for its stochastic homeomorphism flow is proved by the comparison theorem, and meanwhile, a criterion for the existence of singleton sets is obtained. Finally, numerical simulations are used to illustrate the predicted random attractors.