bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Excision of the atrial Wilms` tumor thrombus without sternotomy, atriotomy and cardiovascular By-pass
Authors: Tekin Ali , Yağmur İsmail , Ergün Orkan , Ayık Mehmet Fatih , Atay Yüksel , Ulman İbrahim , Avanoğlu Ali
Published: January 2020

The treatment of atrial-extention Wilms` tumor thrombus is surgical excision after chemotherapy. Atriotomy with cardiovascular by-pass is the one of the most common method for this procedure. Herein, we aimed to present a case of Wilms` tumor with a tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium totally excised with retrohepatic cavatomy. A 3.5 year-old girl was admitted with the symptom of dysuria. The examinations revealed a mass consistent with Wilms` tumor in the middle and lower poles of the left kidney. Doppler ultrasound and Echocardiographic examinations showed a tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium and some pulmonary nodules which were interpreted to be metastasis. Wilms` tumor was histopathologically diagnosed by an open biopsy. After three courses of chemotherapy imaging studies revealed that the atrial axtention of the tumor thrombus persisted. The tumor thrombus was found to be fibrotic on the magnetic resonance imaging scan of the patient. Therefore, nephroureterectomy along with the excision of the tumor thrombus from the inferior vena cava was done with intraoperative continuous trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE). The suprarenal and retrohepatic vena cava were exposed by dissecting and ligating all short hepatic veins and completely mobilizing the right lobe of the liver. The thrombus was dissected out via Vertical cavatomy at the retrohepatic level. TEE confirmed complete removal of the thrombus from the atrium; Vena cava was then repaired. There was no need for a blood transfusion, or cardiovascular by-pass (CPB) during the operation. Total exposure of the retrohepatic and subdiaphragmatic vena cava using transplantation techniques is an effective method for the excision of a tumor thrombus without sternotomy, atriotomy and CPB, avoiding possible intra- and postoperative complications in selected cases of Wilms` tumor with intraatrial thrombus extension. The case emphasises the importance of multidisciplinary communication and collaboration.
The proportion of coronary heart disease in development of chronic heart failure by retrospective analysis of three-year registry of hospitalization cases in tertiary healthcare institutions of Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Kudaiberdiev Taalaibek , Akhmedova Irina , Dzhumagulova Ainagul , Zhorupbekova Kanzada , Abibillaev Damirbek
Published: January 2020

In this retrospective study, we analyzed epidemiological aspects and etiological structure of heart failure in tertiary cardiac hospitals of republic, namely National Center of Cardiology and SRI of Heart Surgery and Organs Transplantation in three-year follow-up from 2016 to 2018. Among all underlying disorders, the proportion of coronary heart disease predominated in heart failure conditions: 31.8% and 84.3% in I-II class and III-IV class groups classified according to New-York Heart Association, respectively.
The TACE’s role in the management of primary liver cancer
Authors: Seregin Andrei , Zagainov Egor , Ryhtik Pavel , Chichkanova Angelina , Shkalova Lubov , Zagainov Vladimir
Published: January 2020

Objective:  Identify the most effective and safe method of transcatheter hepatic artery chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with primary liver cancer.

Methods:  Overall, 139 patients, who underwent 558 TACE procedures were included in the study. Gender in the group of patients was distributed approximately equally and amounted to 72 men (52%) and 67 women (48%), the average age was 57.8 (9.9) years (range from 23 to 92 years). In most patients, the underlying disease for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma was cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of hepatitis C or B. Characteristics of liver tumors were examined by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography and ultrasound. For verification of the diagnosis, a percutaneous liver biopsy was performed under ultrasound guidance, and the level of alpha-fetoprotein was also determined. All patients were considered unresectable due to cirrhosis and / or local spread of the tumor. Chemoembolization was performed by following scheme: one procedure in 2 months, not less than 3 procedures. 

Doxorubicin was used for chemotherapy. As a carrier of chemotherapy, Lipiodol (Guerbet, France) or saturable Hepaspheres (Merit Medical, USA) were used. Each patient received from 3 to 13 procedures. 

Results: Postembolization syndrome occurred in all cases, but was effectively treated. One patient died due to acute liver failure with the borderline stage of the disease according to the BCLC classification (EASL 2012) and the multinodular form of HCC. There were no serious complications in the treatment process. In two patients in the area of the puncture of the femoral artery, pseudoaneurysm was formed, which was eliminated by compression under ultrasound guidance. About 10% of patients developed subacute cholecystitis in the postoperative period and were associated with non-targeted chemoembolization in the cystic artery. In all patients, the symptoms of cholecystitis at the time of discharge were relieved  conservatively.

Survival median – 19 months. Dynamics of tumors was assessed by RECIST criteria. In the group of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after first 3 TAСEs partial response and stabilization were observed in 83%, progression in 17%. In 18 cases (13%), histologically proved tumor necrosis after TAСE was achieved, without progression during follow-up.  Three patients after reducing of tumor size was resected, 32 patients continue treatment.

Conclusion: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma shows high efficacy, low mortality and the development of postoperative complications in patients with concomitant liver cirrhosis and locally advanced tumor lesion.
Yeni 3,5-disübstitüe-2-pirazolin türevlerinin sentezi ve biyolojik aktivitelerinin incelenmesi
Authors: KAHRİMAN Nuran
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmada elektronca zengin azot atomu içeren 5 üyeli heterosikliklerden biri olan pirazolin türevi 3 adet yeni bileşik kalkonlardan başlanarak sentezlendi. Pirazolinlerin sahip oldukları biyolojik ve farmakolojik özelliği sebebiyle bu bileşiklerin DPPH radikal süpürme ve fosfomolibdenyum indirgeyici güç (PRAP) aktiviteleri ile tirozinaz ve α-glikozidaz enzim inhibisyon aktiviteleri araştırıldı. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda 4 (IC50=16.68 ± 0.19 μM) ve 6 (IC50=22.60 ± 0.83 μM) nolu bileşiklerin standart kojik asitten (IC50=35.41 ± 0.19 μM) daha iyi tirozinaz inhibisyon aktiviteye sahip oldukları belirlendi. Bileşiklerin α-glukozidaz enzim inhibisyon aktiviteleri çok yüksek olmamakla birlikte 4 (IC50=134.24 ± 2.51 μM) nolu bileşik en yüksek aktiviteyi gösterdi. Bileşiklerin antioksidan aktivite değerlerine bakıldığında ise 5 nolu bileşik en yüksek DPPH radikal süpürme (%67.59 ± 0.44) ve fosfomolibdenyum indirgeyici güç (PRAP, Abs= 0.815 ± 0.009) aktivitesini sergiledi. Sonuç olarak bileşik yapılarında farklılık gösteren -NH2 grubunun bağlanma pozisyonu, bileşiklerin biyolojik özelliklerinde belirgin bir farklılığa sebep olmuştur.
GÊNERO, AFETIVIDADE E SEXUALIDADE: O QUE DIZEM OS ADOLESCENTES DAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DO VALE DO ITAJAÍ (SC) SOBRE ISSO?
Authors: Probst Melissa , Kraemer Celso
Published: January 2020

A sexualidade e as questões que a envolver são temas recorrentes nos debates políticos e pedagógicos que envolvem a educação. Objetivando contribuir com as discussões, o presente estudo buscou identificar o entendimento de adolescentes/estudantes sobre ‘sexualidade, gênero e afetividade’. No que concerne à metodologia, o estudo se caracteriza como qualitativo e colaborativo encontrando encontra ancoragem teórica nos estudos foucaultianos Foucault (1987, 1999, 2000, 2008) e nos estudos de gênero - Louro (1997, 2008). Os dados de campo foram obtidos pela aplicação de questionários a adolescentes sujeitos da pesquisa, de escolas da rede pública do Vale do Itajaí (SC). Pressupõe-se que, ao abordar a discussão sobre sexualidade, gênero e afetividade no contexto escolar, são evidenciadas questões de saber/poder e discursos de ‘verdade’ sobre o tema. Os dizeres desses escolares apontam para a heteroafetividade e a sexualidade como ‘norma’, portanto, imbricados na complexa trama de saber-poder, (re)produzida social e culturalmente ao longo dos tempos que coloca.Palavras-chave: Escola. Sexualidade. Subjetividade. Poder.ABSTRACTSexuality and the issues involved are recurrent themes in the political and pedagogical debates surrounding education. Aiming to contribute to the discussions, the present study sought to identify the understanding of adolescents/students about 'sexuality, gender and affectivity'. Regarding the methodology, the study is characterized as qualitative and collaborative, finding theoretical anchorage in Foucault 's studies Foucault (1987, 1999, 2000, 2008) and in the studies of gender - Louro (1997, 2008). Field data were obtained through the application of questionnaires to adolescents subject to the survey, from public schools in Vale do Itajaí (SC). It is assumed that in addressing the discussion about sexuality, gender and affectivity in the school context, questions of knowledge / power and 'truth' discourses on the subject are evidenced. The sayings of these schoolchildren point to heterosexuality and sexuality as a 'norm', therefore embedded in the complex fabric of know-power, (re) produced socially and culturally throughout the times it poses.Keywords: Sexuality. School. Subjectivity. Power.
A Novel Methodology to Simulate PCP Dynamics Performance Under Oil Production Conditions
Authors: Gang Cao , He Liu , Hengan Wu , Chuang Liu
Published: January 2020

Progressing cavity pump (PCP) is a new type of hydraulic machinery applied in the petroleum industry from 1980s. To date, it has been widely used in world oil production projects. However, considering the multiple undetermined influence factors in operation, it has been always a huge challenge to create a reasonable dynamics model to simulate the dynamics performance of PCP lifting system. This challenge comes from two respects: 1) The movement of the pump and production fluid is very complex due to its special profile geometry. 2) The properties of PCP elastomers vary significantly with the nature of the production medium and environmental characteristics, resulting in a strong personalization and dispersion of PCP dynamics model. After more than ten years of research and field application, a comprehensive PCP performance simulation methodology was established, which can considerably accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of PCP under actual operating conditions. This methodology has been applied in the design, optimization and development of PCP products and has achieved good results.

The numerical simulations of PCP dynamics performance are based on multi-field coupled dynamics involving different scientific fields, including solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, and material mechanics. This methodology consists of the following four parts: 1) Establishing the basic form of the three-dimensional dynamic model of stator and rotor through experimental research of the constitutive relationship of elastomer. 2) Establishing PCP flow field distribution model based on gap flow theory and experimental results. 3) Establishing stator temperature field model by analyzing the influence of ambient temperature and elastomer's viscosity property. 4) Based on the analysis results and mutual influences of the above models, establishing a systematic dynamics model and proposing the guidance for structural parameter optimization design. Simultaneously, there are three vital research conditions in this project: 1) Numerical simulating research with FEM technique. 2) Simulation test study on elastomer material properties and PCP hydraulic characteristics. 3) Field tests for PCP with different structural parameters.

Experimental tests showed that, PCP dynamics performance model can be applied both in simulating the hydraulic characteristics of the existing pump and optimizing PCP design characteristics. Based on new PCP dynamics simulation methodology, optimized PCP showed significant improvements both in operating performance and running life in application in Daqing Oilfield.

PCP dynamic performance simulation technology is of great significance for PCP optimization design and new product development. The improvement of this technology is very helpful for fully utilizing the advantages of PCP, thereby expanding application scale of PCP in the world. In-depth research is urgent for further understanding on PCP dynamics performance under various operating conditions.
Application of Integration Gas-Lift on Offshore Oilfield
Authors: Gao Xiang , Wang Lei , Tian Jingmeng , Xiao Guohua , Gao Feiming , Liu Xiaoxu
Published: January 2020

Using artificial island as a production platform is a common method to develop offshore oilfield with technology and equipment which used on land oilfield in China, it is a long-term, high efficient and low-cost development strategy of offshore Oilfield. However, there are some new challenges on the selection of artificial lift, such as intensive wellhead, limited space, complex well track and higher health safety environment requirement.

For the project of Nanpu offshore oilfield, integration Gas-lift was selected as the artificial lifting method by consideration of the characters of artificial island and high gas oil ratio in Nanpu reservoir. In order to overcome the challenges mentioned above, the gas-lift design method was improved for the highly deviated well, many down hole tools such as packers were invented to apply to highly deviated well, several gas-lift production strings were researched to be used in different situation. The new reliability technology that has 4 grades’ control system was implemented to ensure the process safety.

This project ultimately achieved a successful result by all implementations. Over ten years of operation, the integration gas-lift platform has built 136 wells and produced 1,500,000 ton's oil, maximum production is 1,200 ton per day. There is no accident happened on the platform. Moreover, this practice provides a good example for new long-term, high efficient and low-cost development strategy, it also can be an invaluable reference for other offshore oilfields.
Successful Field Application of a HPWBM with Added Sealing Polymer Technology to Seal Microfractures: A Case History in North Kuwait
Authors: Al-Mulaify Mohammad , AbdelRahman Ibrahim , Sekhri Anish , AlMatar Haya , Al-Ali Hussain , Bahzad Salman , Stewart Robin , Al-Mousa Aref , Nelson Jason , Sagirov Rustem , Taky Eldin Ramy , Abou Elkhair Mohamed
Published: January 2020

Conventionally, the Cretaceous shale in North Kuwait is drilled at a high angle with an invert emulsion-based drilling fluid. Environmental and operational considerations required the development of a water-based system capable of closing the performance gap between invert-based and water-based drilling fluids. A customized high performance water-based mud (HPWBM) was used successfully where previous attempts with alternative water-based mud (WBM) had experienced significant challenges.

Key well challenges included wellbore instability with caving shale and the potential for differential sticking and pack-off. A HPWBM enhanced with an innovative sealing polymer was customized to maintain optimal drilling performance by minimizing shale erosion in these highly dispersible clays, while also decreasing pore pressure transmission via the micronized sealing polymer. These clays, having moderate reactivity, are prone to dispersion when there is communication between water or water-based mud. The improved levels of fluid invasion were optimized using the particle plugging apparatus (PPA) to achieve the minimum interaction between the fluid and shale. The formulation was finalized, based on laboratory testing, to optimize the bridging and inhibition package for the formations drilled.

After finalizing the formulation, the control points were agreed upon between the operator and service company to ensure that the required inhibition and bridging package were implemented on the well and to define success criteria. Drilling was completed, and the casing was run successfully with no incidents; the fluids parameters were maintained to effectively stabilize the hole while drilling through geomechanically stressed formations in a challenging azimuth: the direction of minimum horizontal stress. The addition of the sealing polymer to the already-inhibited HPWBM effectively stabilized the wellbore, which helped reduce the caving tendency of the stressed shales.

The two intervals were drilled and cased in two days less than the average time required with an invert emulsion fluid. There was no nonproductive time (NPT) related to wellbore instability, and differential sticking was avoided by the customized bridging and sealing across the depleted zones.

This paper discusses the design, technical features, and benefits of a HPWBM system, enhanced by the addition of an innovative sealing polymer, which helped successfully drill the 12 1/4- and 8 1/2-in intervals. A customized HPWBM provided good shale inhibition, mechanical stability, and excellent lubricity, customizing the conventional fluid for the increased challenges posed by the stressed shale.
Machine Learning Classification Model for Multiphase Flow Regimes in Horizontal Pipes
Authors: Alhashem Mayadah
Published: January 2020

Multiphase fluid transfer in pipelines is an extensive process, starting with pipeline design, maintenance (e.g. corrosion-control), and mitigating operational issues (slugging and fluid management). There are physics-based and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) models that predict vital information supporting pipeline design and operation from wells to the GOSP. The proposed model is independent from mechanistic correlations and assumptions, relying completely on measurements data from a multiphase flow database to make final predictions.

The objective of this study is to assess the predictability of multiphase flow regimes in horizontal pipes via supervised machine learning (ML) classification techniques with: liquid and gas velocity, liquid and gas viscosity, liquid and gas density, surface tension, pipe diameter, and absolute roughness. The data is obtained from the Stanford Multiphase Flow Data (SMFD). The selected dataset size is 2,254 points with 9 input variables describing the fluid flow and pipe, and the output is the flow regime type. The study compares the performance of five algorithms: decision tree, random forest, logistic regression, support vector machine, and neural-network (multi-layer perceptron). The evaluation metrics are based on accuracy (F-1 score), and efficiency (training runtime).

After the running the model with all three random data splits, the average F-1 accuracy score and training time were evaluated. The accuracies were consistent across data-splits (standard deviations <0.02). The best performing algorithms for classifying flow regimes using the SMFD dataset were Random Forest, then Decision Tree. They are high in accuracy (86% for the Decision Tree, and 89% for Random Forest), and low in training-time (less than 0.005 seconds). They would perform well with a larger training set due to their flexibility, high efficiency, and ability to capture trends relating the variables to flow regimes.
Well-to-Well Gaslift System: Innovative and Cost Effective Approach to Unlock Field Potential and Extend Field Development Life
Authors: W Mat Syarifah Suliza , Magasvran Mahaganaapathy , M Dimyati Umar Islam , Abdussalam Khomeini , Ismail M Aiman , Khalil M Hanif , W M Izzuddin W M Aminin , Liman Aman , Zulkifly Zulhasril , Jusoh M Muslim , A Latif M Haniff , Abu Bakar Norazeman
Published: January 2020

Commissioned in 2008, J field operates as an unmanned satellite platform that sends its hydrocarbon to an existing D complex 50km away via a full well stream (FWS) subsea pipeline. Sustaining production became challenging as reservoir pressure started depleting. Besides that, due to gas break through, high gas-oil-ratio (HGOR) wells were closed-in as the gas from these high pressure (HP) wells was exerting backpressure to the low pressure (LP) wells when they commingle at the production manifold. To address this surface constraint, a well-to-well (WTW) gaslift system was introduced in 2016 by utilizing the gas from HGOR wells as the gas lift (GL) supplier to LP wells. This initiative proved to be a success as the overall liquid production from J increased by 20% resulting from revival of idle LP wells, improved recovery from existing LP wells and re-activation of HGOR wells. After 3 years of commissioning, the reservoir pressure from the initial GL supply wells started depleting and unable to cater for the gradual increase in gaslift demand by the LP wells. This setback caused an unplanned deferment of ~1.0 kbod to the LP wells. To avoid prolong production interruption, the team successfully identified a new virgin gas zone in one of the existing well at J8. However, converting this LP well into a HP/gaslift supply well required both subsurface intervention as well as surface modification. Hence, this paper discusses the methodology applied to overcome the constraints via an integrated approach from various disciplines resulting in a significant value creation through production sustenance contributing to increase in J's field production life.
Production Optimization Through Intelligent Multilateral Wells in Heavy Oil Fields via Electrical Heating
Authors: Temizel Cenk , Canbaz Celal Hakan , Hosgor Fatma Bahar , Moreno Raul , Putra Dike
Published: January 2020

Electrical resistance heating provides key advantages over other thermal recovery methods in the recovery of heavy oil resources. These advantages include low upfront capital expenses, more control on the delivery of the heat spatially, easiness of permitting in environmentally sensitive areas as well as environmental and economic benefits due to lower carbon footprint. However, the recovery efficiency is relatively lower compared to more conventional methods such as CSS, steamflood and SAGD processes as it doesn't introduce a (pressure) drive mechanism and radius of impact is relatively small which may result in marginal economics.1 In this study, the application of electrical resistance heating on multilateral wells are studied in order to illustrate the enhanced physical and economic benefits of the method with the multilaterals.2

A comprehensive review of the technology with all the technical and economic details on the deployment of the electrical resistance heater is provided. A full-physics commercial reservoir simulator is utilized to model a benchmark model and it is coupled with a robust optimization and uncertainty tool to investigate the significance of the control and uncertainty variables in the system. Propagation of the heat, increased the radius of impact, production performance, energy input and economics are outlined in comparison to the base case where the horizontal well is modeled without the extra laterals. Production engineering and deployment aspects are all provided in detail, as well.

Utilization of electrical resistance heaters on multilateral wells provides improved economics due to the increased recovery with the additional accessible reservoir volume for heating with the reduced cost of the additional laterals as opposed to the major cost of the main wellbore. The improved unit cost for the heater per foot also helps the economics, thus increased the radius of impact translates into better recovery at lower unit costs. Model inputs as well as the results including the production performances, significance of key parameters and economics, are outlined in a comparative manner.

Electrical resistance heating is not a new process but has recently gained more attention due to the advances in the materials used providing better durability, however, the recovery process needs special designs that bring down the unit cost to make the projects feasible. This study provides a new approach in improving recovery in electrical resistance heating methods that may help to turn several potential marginal projects into projects with more favorable economics in a method which has a great potential in an industry becoming more environmentally sensitive.
Effect of Training and Development on Employee Performance in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority
Authors: Alnawfleh Shaker H.
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to identify the effect of training and development on Employee Performance in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority. Random sampling technique was used to collect data for this research study. A developed questionnaire was distributed among 112 employees in the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority for data collection. To check the effect of training and development on employee’s performance, descriptive statistical technique and t-testwas applied on the data. The results indicate that there was a significant difference in scores for trained employees and untrained employees with large effect, (30%) of the employees performance isexplained by training and development programs. It is proved that independent variables contribute positively towards change in the dependent variable.
The Short Story and its Role in the Teaching of Arabic to Non- Native Speakers
Authors: Al Btoush Hussein Abdul Karim , Al Rababah Ibrahim Hassan , Habashneh Qutaiba Yousef
Published: January 2020

The Arabic short story has an important impact in the field of teaching Arabic to non-Arabic speakers; therefore, this research aims to provide a methodological vision to show the effective role of the short story in the field of teaching Arabic to non-native speakers, starting from the theoretical application through which the researchers address the issue of the Literary text in general and its connection with teaching a foreign language. The research also adopts in-field application based on social survey sample. The instrument of the research is a questionnaire designed for non-native learners of Arabic at the Languages Center at the University of Jordan. The research has concluded that teaching the short story is effective due to its functional, recreational, cultural, linguistic and aesthetic qualities based on the challenges facing the teaching-learning process of a second language.
Xe···OCS: Relatively Straightforward?
Authors: Kraus Peter , Obenchain Daniel A. , Herbers Sven , Wachsmuth Dennis , Frank Irmgard , Grabow Jens-Uwe
Published: January 2020

The Xe···OCS complex is studied using microwave spectroscopy. Nine isotopologues are measured, and a mass-dependent rm(2) structure is presented. The experiments are supported with a wide array of calculations, including CCSD(T), SAPT, as well as double-hybrid DFT. Trends in the structures of six Rg···OCS complexes (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Hg) are investigated, with particular attention to the deformation of the OCS monomer and relativistic effects. The experimental near-equilibrium structure of Xe···OCS can be predicted to within 11 milliangstrom in the Xe···C distance by correlated wavefunction theory.
Effectiveness of Marketing Strategy Formulation in Biomedical Healthcare Industry
Authors: Praveen Kumar P  , Subhasini J
Published: January 2020

Marketing strategies stimulate the firm to unearth areas that are being disturbed by several factors. This is adopted to determine the target market in order to achieve prosperity in the organization. An effective marketing strategy would perhaps help in captivating new customers as well as sustaining for the longer-term. Consequently, this can result in the following benefits such as products and services can be offered with exclusive components, effective department coordination, concentration on scarce resources, thereby building a better marketing plan, selection of target market for easy entry and accumulation of four marketing p's. As a result, the increase in sales can be achieved. The strategy should be effectively formulated to witness the performance outcome. This study focuses on the determinants of marketing strategy on performance outcomes.  The data captured from 119 marketing professionals in the field of the biomedical healthcare industry by using a questionnaire. The questionnaire includes variables to measure the demographic profile of the professionals and three constructs of marketing strategy creativity, marketing strategy improvisation, and performance outcome. Collected data were analyzed through analysis of frequency, mean, variance, and regression. Results show that marketing professionals have similar viewpoints on marketing strategies. The findings of the regression analysis argue that the improvisation determines performance outcomes in the marketing strategy
Public Policy Formulation in Pakistan During Military Regimes
Authors: Zeb-un-Nisa  , Ghulam Mustafa  , Muhammad Arslan
Published: January 2020

Pakistan has faced intermittent military interventions in politics since its establishment. In altered military governments, Pakistan faced severe swipes in public policy formulation since first martial law of Ayub Khan to the last military government of General Musharraf. Military governments tried to get de-jure prestige after coming into power and designed the government structure to sponsor their interests. Under military governance, performance of judiciary, religious leaders, external players and local administration persisted in critical situation. During military regimes, transformation program was executed in the country through public policy formulation intended to bring broadminded modifications in the constitution, legal and public domains of the country. This study will observe the major policies of the military regimes in Pakistan and their impacts on social setup of the country. The core purpose of this study is to scrutinize the process of public policy formulation in Pakistan during military regimes, their effects upon the socio-political environment of Pakistan and addresses the key causes of disappointing results of these policies. The causes of armed forces interventions in politics of Pakistan will also be analyzed. The findings specifies that pitiable articulation of policies, feeble establishment, dominating behavior of military executives, poor structure of funds management, varied interests of community and that execution of public policies blemished by exploitation are noteworthy reasons to failure of public policies in the country. The study acclaims rearrangement of socio-political situations as benevolent expansions for difficulties of public policy.
Percepción de los contribuyentes ante las modificaciones y actualizaciones del IRP en Ciudad del Este, año 2019
Authors: Díaz Cañete Alba Luz , Domínguez Paredes Norma , Dávalos Rojas Edgar , Santander Daysi Paola
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo representa el resultado de la investigación realizado en un barrio de Ciudad del Este, considerado como un lugar de clase media principalmente, puede ser igual a cualquiera en que la mayoría realizan su vida normalmente, y el conocimiento que tienen los contribuyentes, todos ellos profesionales de distintas carreras que son alcanzados de uno u otra forma por el Impuesto a la Renta Personal, para determinar el nivel de conocimiento y ante las modificaciones y actualizaciones que tuvo este impuesto, que es uno de los impuestos más importantes actualmente para las arcas del Estado, que primeramente había empezado como formalizador para posteriormente convertirse en recaudador y que ha crecido exponencialmente en los últimos años, asimismo, desde el año 2019 van a ser alcanzados por este impuesto, un gran número de profesionales, especialmente del área de la educación, como los directores, supervisores y coordinadores principalmente. La presente investigación trata de determinar el impacto que ocasiona las actualizaciones del Impuesto a la Renta Personal y el conocimiento que puedan tener, un segmento de la población con más estudios, que son contribuyentes de este barrio tradicional de Ciudad del Este en relación al nivel de conocimientos que posee cada uno de ellos, lo cual es un factor sumamente importante para el desarrollo de la misma.
La criminalización secundaria en el sistema penal paraguayo
Authors: Rodrigues Viero Bárbara Ariela , Torres Esquivel Luz Teresita , Martínez Mercado Arnaldo
Published: January 2020

Las nociones de “selección punitiva” o “criminalización secundaria” constituyen categorías analíticas que permiten analizar los procesos selectivos de criminalización en las sociedades. Estudios recientes, muestran que ninguna sociedad contemporánea que institucionaliza o formaliza el poder está exenta de una selección de grupos de personas, a las que somete a su coacción con el fin de imponerles una pena. A esta selección penalizante, algunos estudiosos han denominado criminalización.  Este trabajo se interesa en comprender mejor la noción de criminalización, y el componente teórico de su desarrollo y fundamentación. Al mismo tiempo, con el aparato teórico-crítico asociado al concepto, se pretende dar una mirada, fundada en evidencias documentales, al sistema penal paraguayo, en lo que se refiere estrictamente a la criminalización secundaria. En la primera parte, se aborda la teoría de Eugenio Zaffaroni sobre la criminalización secundaria y sus peculiaridades. Es decir, los mecanismos utilizados por el sistema penal para ejecutar su programa. Luego, en la segunda parte, por análisis documental de publicaciones periodísticas se analizan casos de criminalización secundaria en el país.
Análisis de caso: amparo constitucional para la interrupción de un embarazo ectópico en Paraguay
Authors: Franco Mancuello Shirley Diana , Escurra Carmen , Stete Juan Manuel , Cabañas Zulma
Published: January 2020

En esta investigación se presenta el análisis de un caso judicial en el que una mujer gestante solicitó mediante acción de amparo constitucional la interrupción judicial del embarazo ectópico tubárico que fuera diagnosticada. El caso seleccionado se considera de gran importancia por la cantidad de disposiciones contenidas en textos legales y en derecho positivo internacional, circunstancia que otorga ambigüedades, lagunas en la legislación nacional y hasta contradicciones del lenguaje jurídico.
El trabajo de la mujer en Paraguay: brechas y desafíos a partir de la implementación de la Ley N° 5508/2015, De Promoción, Protección y Apoyo a la Lactancia
Authors: Sanabria Claudia
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación pretende analizar los aciertos y brechas que surgen a partir de la implementación de la Ley N° 5508/2015 “De Protección a la mujer y promoción de la lactancia materna”, en cuanto a los aspectos que han modificado la relación laboral, como así también el impacto para la seguridad social. Esta ley a priori, benefició a un grupo reducido de mujeres, es decir, se hizo efectiva únicamente para la población de mujeres que contaban con un trabajo formal.
Experiencia de los pre congresos mundiales por los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia desde el ámbito académico
Authors: Sanabria Claudia , Velázquez Eduardo
Published: January 2020

Se describe la experiencia de organización y realización de los Precongresos Mundiales por los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia desde el ámbito académico. La Universidad Iberoamericana acogió la propuesta del Movimiento por los Congresos Mundiales y realizó: el Precongreso Mundial por los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia en agosto de 2018, preparatorio del VIII Congreso Mundial celebrado en Málada - España; y el Precongreso Mundial en agosto de 2019, preparatorio del  IX Congreso Mundial a ser realizado en Córdoba – Argentina, 2020 con el fin de contribuir a la reflexión y debate en torno a los derechos.
La cosa juzgada y su revisión en el ordenamiento civil paraguayo
Authors: Huerta Recalde Fátima Natalia
Published: January 2020

La figura de la cosa juzgada ha sido analizada ya por los romanos como la res iudicata, pero las formas de gobiernos y las sociedades no son estáticas, motivo por el cual el análisis del mencionado instituto es siempre de relevancia política y jurídica pues aporta principios que debe existir en todo Estado Social de Derecho por medio del Poder Judicial. Eventualmente esta magnitud política puede llegar a asfixiar el noble deseo de que sólo la Justicia -nótese justicia administrada con humanas posibilidades- sea la que definitivamente corone el cierre de una controversia. La cosa juzgada es un principio que evita el caos jurídico y permite que una sentencia pronunciada por un juez competente se encuentre libre de recurso, o de revisión en un juicio posterior; no tiene carácter absoluto por cuanto las excepciones aparecen en el campo doctrinario y legal cuando faltan elementos esenciales para la garantía de la justicia, por ello si el sistema jurídico actual no da soluciones se debe repensar el proceso. Las condiciones de forma y contenido para que una sentencia pasada en autoridad de cosa juzgada pueda ser revisada primeramente es fundamental que todas las instancias hubieran sido agotadas. Recordemos que el efecto principal de la sentencia es la cosa juzgada consistente en la irrevocabilidad de la decisión tomada una vez que la misma está firme. Este efecto de irrevocabilidad de la decisión se conoce como cosa juzgada formal. Cuando a la irrevocabilidad de la decisión se le une la inmutabilidad de la misma, se habla de cosa juzgada material, y su operatividad se produce cuando se inicia un nuevo pleito por medio de las vías que un sistema jurídico ofrece, por ejemplo al oponer la excepción de cosa juzgada. En nuestro país el conducto de revisión de una sentencia firme es la acción autónoma de nulidad, establecida en el Código Procesal Civil vigente, sus condicionamientos de admisibilidad son la legitimación activa de un tercero quien no ha intervenido de forma previa en el proceso, la legitimación pasiva requiere la integración de la parte actora y de la parte demandada del proceso en el que se dictó la sentencia agraviante, la existencia de un perjuicio, una relación entre la sentencia que se pretende dejar sin efecto y el perjuicio que se sostiene.
El rol del abogado y del notario público como mediador: el derecho preventivo
Authors: Sanabria Claudia , Lezcano Nora
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación pretende describir a la mediación, su procedimiento y alcance como sistema alternativo de resolución de conflictos que se producen entre personas o grupos de personas. Para ello se analizaron los mecanismos implementados por la Dirección de Mediación de la Corte Suprema de Justicia (CSJ) del Poder Judicial y de qué manera contribuye a la resolución pacífica de conflictos en la Capital. La metodología tiene un carácter cualitativo, puesto que describe los aspectos y beneficios que aporta la mediación para la resolución de los conflictos. Se indaga sobre la contribución de la mediación al logro del Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible N° 16 “Paz, Justicia e Instituciones Sólidas”; 16.3 “Promover el estado de derecho en los planos nacional e internacional y garantizar la igualdad de acceso a la justicia para todos”; así como las 100 Reglas de Brasilia.
Situación económica y cultural de las artesanas de la Asociación Sombrero Aguapey. Limpio 2018
Authors: Fernández Martínez Kathia Aliana , Ruoti Mónica
Published: January 2020

A lo largo de la historia el trabajo artesanal ha sido fuente de ingresos de innumerables familias, en el Paraguay existe una importante población que se dedica a este rubro, en su mayoría mujeres adultas. El presente estudio describe la situación económica y cultural de un grupo de mujeres artesanas de la ciudad de Limpio, deriva de una investigacion ya concluida. El principal aporte de la investigación constituye en visibilizar la situación económica y cultural de las artesanas, teniendo en cuenta  que existen pocas investigaciones en el área, el estudio permite el análisis sobre el trabajo desde una perspectiva académica, que ubica al trabajo artesanal en el contexto de desarrollo actual.
Construcción de identidad literaria en escritoras nacionales. Paraguay, 2018-2019
Authors: Betzel María Irma Betzel , Rivas Casco Zunilda , Ramos-Morel Carmelo , Cochache Sofía , Costa Osvaldo Gerónimo , Galeano Erika
Published: January 2020

En Paraguay, la literatura tuvo largos períodos de penumbra debido a situaciones socio-políticas muy particulares, como la Guerra de la Triple Alianza (1864-1870) que opacó las voces del arte. Además, durante mucho tiempo, la literatura fue una ocupación netamente masculina (Rodríguez-Alcalá, H., & Pardo-Carugati, 2017), esta situación de postergación, implica desconocimientos en aspectos vinculados a la vocación literaria de las mujeres.
Nivel de autoconcepto en estudiantes adolescentes de familias monoparenterales de un colegio público de la ciudad de Ñemby, 2018
Authors: Benítez Bazán Laura Soledad , González Hugo , Mendoza María Antonia , Ríos González Carlos Miguel
Published: January 2020

La adolescencia es un período de crecimiento humano que ocurre después de la niñez y antes de la adultez, entre los 10 19 años. Una etapa que se caracteriza por una aceleración en el crecimiento y cambios biológicos, donde se busca establecer la identidad adulta, apoyándose en las primeras relaciones objétales-parenterales internalizadas y observando la realidad que el medio social ofrece. La familia lleva a cabo las funciones biológicas y sociales. Debe garantizar alimentación, protección, seguridad, higiene, descanso y recreación no solamente para el adolescente, sino para todos los miembros. La familia mono parenteral es la constituida por uno solo de los progenitores (sea este hombre o mujer) y sus hijos, es toda agrupación familiar de hijos dependientes de uno de los progenitores con el cual conviven sea de hecho o de derecho la custodia sobre los mismos. El auto concepto es el resultado de la acumulación de autopercepciones obtenidas a partir de las experiencias vividas por el individuo en su interacción con el ambiente. Se desarrolla en un contexto social lo cual implica que el autoconcepto y su funcionamiento particular están vinculados al contexto inmediato.
Factores domésticos que influenciaron la inserción económica internacional de Paraguay. Periodo 2003-2018
Authors: Cabral López Maria Antonella
Published: January 2020

El estudio de la vinculación de los países y su inserción en el sistema internacional, es de relevancia no sólo para los estados, sino que repercute en el quehacer de las empresas, organizaciones de la sociedad civil y de la misma academia. Este tema resulta de relevancia en atención a tres aspectos, a saber: su importancia para la agenda pública del Paraguay, su invisibilidad a nivel nacional e internacional, la inexistencia de estudios acabados en la materia
Uso del tiempo en el Paraguay. Algunas relaciones entre hombres y mujeres
Authors: Maricevich Mallorquín Rebeca , Achinelli Báez Marcela Fernanda
Published: January 2020

El trabajo y la familia son partes esenciales de la vida de todos y todas en el desarrollo de los países. Las familias necesitan trabajar para conseguir ingresos y poder adquirir los bienes y servicios necesarios para la vida y al mismo tiempo necesitan cuidarse y recibir afecto. A su vez, las empresas requieren que su mano de obra reciba los cuidados necesarios para que el mercado funcione. Es decir, todos y todas necesitamos de cuidados para seguir con vida y el mercado necesita que alguien realice estos cuidados para seguir funcionando. El uso del tiempo entre los hombres y las mujeres difiere enormemente. Mientras ellos dedican generalmente la totalidad de su tiempo entre el mercado de trabajo y el ocio puro, las mujeres lo reparten entre el mercado de trabajo, el trabajo de cuidado y el ocio puro. Esta diferencia en cuanto al tiempo libre disponible entre géneros es lo que se supone es determinante en las diferencias de los ingresos entre ambos.
De los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible (ODS), al síndrome del edificio y la ciudad enferma y otros problemas ambientales; ¿investigamos?
Authors: Ortega Frank Cruz , Álvarez López Arnoldo Eduardo , Segovia Albariño Yemima Zulema
Published: January 2020

Existe en la actualidad, un interés marcado en lograr transformaciones en la educación superior, en su perfeccionamiento, donde sea esencial la investigación científica y se eleve el número de investigadores, científicos en variados temas como el del presente trabajo para aumentar darle credibilidad al vínculo academia-sociedad. En tal sentido, los programas PRONII, dentro de PROCIENCIA, auspiciados por CONACYT, como institución encargada de la ciencia y tecnología en Paraguay, posibilitan la instrumentación de diversos proyectos de la investigación científica de accesibilidad a las instituciones académicas.La relación del clima con las ciudades y las edificaciones, ha sido demostrada y evidenciada a lo largo de la humanidad. El clima y otros factores ambientales influyen en las ciudades, las edificaciones, en su acondicionamiento térmico, acústico, en su confort lumínico entre otros. Gran parte del consumo energético y de las emisiones de CO2 proviene de las edificaciones, como los edificios junto al tráfico promueven la contaminación acústica. Se hace cada vez más necesario plantearse diseños sustentables en correspondencia también con los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), que constituyen políticas de Estado planteadas por cada uno de los países participantes incluido Paraguay en Hábitat III, en Quito. Velar por su cumplimiento y encausar investigaciones en esta dirección que haga los entornos laborales y de la ciudad saludables, resilientes, confortables y sustentables es una prioridad internacional.
Pensamiento social latinoamericano: Josefina Plá y Gilberto Freyre
Authors: Pereira Rodrigues Daiane
Published: January 2020

Josefina Plá es una de las principales exponentes de la crítica histórica y social del Paraguay en el siglo XX, fue la pionera en estudios como el de la afrodescendencia en el país, así como la que inaugura la crítica de arte contemporánea. Fue la primera mujer a desempeñarse como periodista, y, además, escribió sobre la literatura y manifestaciones culturales de Brasil, estudios en los que plasma su visión social desde la consideración de los orígenes étnicos de la región. Esos estudios fueron recuperados por Daiane Pereira durante su investigación de maestría y suman veinticinco textos sobre literatura brasileña publicados en el diario La Tribuna entre 1952 y 1953 y permanecen inéditos en forma de libro. En esta comunicación nos centraremos en la reseña que Josefina hace de la obra de Gilberto Freyre, ya que esta es un importante objeto de estudios para verificar los criterios e ideas principales de la autora hispano paraguaya al pensar el mestizaje, la otredad y la formación de identidad, ideas fundamentales del pensamiento social latinoamericano. Se considera que la visión de Plá sobre la modernidad brasileña es fundamental para entender su protagonismo en los grupos Arte Nuevo y Vy’a Raity, que impulsaron la modernidad artística y literaria en Paraguay.
Valores hematológicos y evaluación morfométrica de médula ósea en caninos con Leishmaniosis y/o Ehrlichiosis Canina que acuden al Hospital Veterinario “Prof. Dr. José Vicente Núñez”, Programa de Control de Zoonosis y Centro Antirrábico Nacional en el año 2018
Authors: Barreto Florentín Eva Karina , Pedrozo Raquel , Pedrozo Raquel , Amarilla Paola , Amarilla Paola , Cuevas Daisy , Cuevas Daisy
Published: January 2020

La Ehrlichiosis presenta tropismo por células sanguíneas (leucocitos y plaquetas) de animales y humanos. Trombocitopenia es la anormalidad hematológica más común observada en perros infectados con E. canis. La anemia es un signo clínico en LVC, ocurriendo en 50-70% de los pacientes como anemia normocítica, normocrómica y no regenerativa.