bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reddiye Metinlerinde Dil ve Üslûp: Minhacu's-Sünne Örneği
Authors: AKKOYUNLU İsmail
Published: December 2019

Dinler arası ilişkilerde olduğu gibi mezhepler arası ilişkilerde
de dil ve üslûp, son derece önemli bir yer işgal etmektedir. Dil ve üslûba
dayalı mezhepler arası ilişkilerin kök saldığı ve kalıcı hale geldiği en önemli
değişkenlerden biri olarak ise karşımıza reddiye metinleri çıkmaktadır.  İslam düşünce tarihinin ilk dönemlerinden
itibaren mezheplerin birbirlerini görme ve okuma biçimlerinin kalıba dökülüp
somutlaştığı zemin olarak varlık kazanan reddiye metinleri, birçok açıdan
tahlil ve tenkidi hak etmektedir. Reddiye metinlerinin doğası gereği en fazla
öne çıkan belki de en çok tahlil edilmesi gereken karakteristik özelliği ise bu
metinlerde kendisine sıkça yer bulan anlama çabasından uzak, dışlayıcı ve
ötekileştirici dildir. Reddiye metinlerinin tarihine bakıldığında dışlayıcı ve
ötekileştirici dilin en çok kullanıldığı eserlerin başında Şiî-Sünnî reddiye
metinlerinin geldiği görülür. Daha çok imamet ve hilafet gibi tarihin
derinliklerine kök salmış tartışma konularının yer aldığı bu edebiyatta Hanbelî
âlim İbn Teymiyye’nin Minhācu’s-Sünne adlı
Şiîlik reddiyesi, dil ve üslûp açısından ayırt edici bir konuma sahiptir. Zira
bu metin, yer verdiği ayrıştırıcı ve ötekileştirici dili nedeniyle hem
Şiî-Sünnî ilişkilerine etki etmiş hem de günümüzde dahi referans kaynağı olarak
kendisini var kılmayı başarmıştır. Bu nedenle makalemizde İbn Teymiyye’nin Minhācu’s-Sünne adlı Şiîlik reddiyesinde
tercih ettiği ayrıştırıcı dil ve üslûp; metin tenkidi, mezhebî aidiyet ve
mezhepler arası ilişkiler açısından analiz edilecektir.
Ebu’l-Bekâ el-Kefevî’nin Tuhfetü’ş-Şâhân’ında İslam Akâidi
Authors: TARİK Ramazan
Published: December 2019

17. asır Osmanlı
Devleti duraklama dönemi Hanefî fakihlerinden olan Ebü’l-Bekâ el-Kefevî, başta
Fıkıh olmak üzere Arap Dili, Tefsir ve diğer İslami ilimler alanında birçok
eser neşretmiştir. Ancak el-Kefevî’nin hayatı hakkında yeterince bilgi
olmamakla birlikte eserleri hakkında da kaynaklarda farklı bilgiler mevcuttur.Çalışmamızda,
Kefevî’nin “Tuhfetü’ş-şâhân” adlı
ilmihal türü eserinin giriş kısmında yer alan “İslam Akâidi” bölümünün
transkripsiyonu yapılmıştır. Bununla birlikte müellifin hayatı ve eserleri,
çalışmanın kaynağı, içeriği ve değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır.Tuhfetü’ş-şâhân’da,
geleneksel ilmihal türü eserlerde olduğu gibi Allah’ın varlığı, sıfatları,
melekleri, kitapları ve peygamberleri ele alınmıştır. Peygamberle başlığı
altında mucizelere değinilmiştir. Daha sonra ahiret ahvali ele alınmış olup bu
kısımda da kabir, mizan, cennet-cehennem, sırat ve diğer konular ele
alınmıştır. Ahiret konularından sonra ise kaza-kader meselesine kısaca
değinilmiştir. Son kısmında mezhepler konusu işlenmiş olup burada ele alınan
mezhepler, ameli mezheplerdir.
Zîrîlerin Fâtımî Hilafetini Terkedip Abbasî Hilafetini Tanımaları Sürecinde Şii-Sünni Mücadelesi
Authors: TAŞ Abdullah Erdem , SANSARKAN Yusuf
Published: December 2019

İlk Kuzey Afrika fetihlerinden itibaren Berberîlerin merkezî
yönetimle sıkıntılar yaşadığı bilinmektedir. Başlarda irtidat etmeye meyilli
olan Berberîler, zaman içerisinde irtidattan vazgeçip muhalif siyasî-dinî
fırkalara intisap etmeyi tercih ettiler. 8. yüzyılda Hâricîliğin etkili olduğu
Kuzey Afrika'da 10. yüzyılda diğer bir muhalif fırka olan İsmailî Şiîlik Berberîler
arasında yayılma imkânı buldu. Fâtımîlerin, Kutâme kabilesinin desteğiyle Ağlebî
emaretini yıkmaları ve İfrikiye'de devletlerini kurmaları bölgede önemli
hadiselerin de fitilini ateşledi. Hem Hâricîler hem de Sünnîler bu yeni
otoriteye itaat etmeyeceklerini gösterdiler. Fâtımîler zor da olsa bu isyanları
bastırmayı başardılar. Ancak başşehrin İfrikiye'den Mısır'a taşınması bir süre
sonra Fâtımîlerin Kuzey Afrika'daki hâkimiyetlerini zayıflatmaya başladı.
Kendilerine bağlı olarak Kuzey Afrika'yı yöneten Zîrî hanedanının müstakil olma
teşebbüslerini farklı siyasî manevralarla uzun bir dönem engelleyen Fâtımîler,
11. yüzyılın ortalarına gelindiğinde artık Zîrîleri kontrol edemez hâle
gelmişti. Hanedandan Muiz b. Bâdis, Sünnî âlimlerin de desteğiyle Fâtımîlerden
bağımsız olmak siyasetini dinî alana da taşıdı ve Şiîlere karşı Sünnîleri
destekledi. Bu makâlede Zîrî Emiri Muiz döneminde (406-454 | 1016-1062) özellikle
Mâlikî âlimlerin halk ve emir üzerindeki nüfuzu ile bu nüfuzun Şiî-Sünnî
mücadelesindeki etkisi siyasî ve içtimaî yansımaları açısından ele alınacaktır.
The Paternal Cause of Abortion from The Viewpoint of Avicenna
Authors: Abdolahadi Azam , Mahroozadeh Somayeh , Jafari-Dehkordi Effat , Hashem-Dabaghian Fataneh
Published: December 2019

The article's abstract is not available.
Introduction to The Concept of Crisis in Diseases
Authors: Sharifi Darani Narges , Alizadeh Vaghasloo Mahdi
Published: December 2019

Crisis is one of the sophisticated yet important and practical concepts of Persian medicine which have been discussed and pointed out throughout traditional medical literature starting from Hippocrates, Galen, Avicenna and others or discussed independently in their related treatises. Being so important, it was used to classify the days of illnesses according to days devoted to it (critical days) or the days forecasting it (warning days) and the days in between. Crisis was known to be an important change in the process of disease which afterwards the destiny of the patient was predicted. It was categorized by its completeness/incompleteness and its good/bad prognosis, timing and direction of the pathogenic substance displacement or excretion. Many factors have been known to affect the onset and type of crisis including type of illness, the temperament of the patient, the season of disease occurrence, and even the effect of heavenly bodies especially the tidal force of the moon and the sun. Therefore many branches of science like chronobiology, physics, nanomechanics, astrophysics and rheology are needed to understand and demystify the narrated information derived from centuries of clinical observation. This understanding may lead to the decoding of unknown causes of exacerbation and remission of chronic diseases like multiple sclerosis and so on. As mentioned in previous articles, we have also designed a set of treatments named SINA therapy to simulate good crisis artificially in order to hasten the coction period and facilitate the curing of the daily increasing material diseases.
The Compote-Like Nutraceutical of Naqoa: A Traditional Cholagogue Agent
Authors: Badr Parmis , Afsari Sardari Forough
Published: December 2019

The system of medieval medicine was based on the four humors (blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm) theory that connected disorders to disturbance of humor balance. Herbal infusions containing fruits in a sugary solvent were one of the preferences when bile exceeded. Current study aimed to introduce the traditional nutraceutical of naqoa and analyze the formulations suited for bilious disorders. Formulations of naqoa were extracted from three main multi-component encyclopedias of Traditional Iranian pharmacy, Qarabadin Salehi, Qarabadin Kabir, and Qarabadin Azam. Fifteen compote-like formulations were selected and analyzed. The scientific names of ingredients were authenticated, and the constituents and pharmacology of highly-used ingredients were discussed. Frequent indications among 53 formulations of naqoa were fever, and bilious disorders such as hot-temperament headache, warmth in liver or stomach, and thirst. Highly-repeated ingredients in naqoa were fruits of Prunus domestica, Ziziphus jujube, Tamarindus indica, Prunus armeniaca, the flower of Viola odorata, and the manna of Alhagi maurorum. All things considered, the compote-like formulation of naqoa is a multi-fruit nutraceutical in a sugary solvent, that has been traditionally prescribed for bilious disorders as an efficient cholagogue.
Use of Dalk in The Gynecological Diseases: Perspectives of Persian Medicine
Authors: Khalilzadeh Somayyeh , Tabarrai Malihe
Published: December 2019

Women’s diseases are types of the common problems that patients are seeking for treatment that imposes a lot of economic burdens on health systems. Many Persian medicine reference books mentioned various practical methods for the adjunctive treatment of the gynecological problems. In the Persian medicine resources, “Dalk” therapeutic method is the most appropriate word for massage. Many clinical studies have been conducted on applied massage in women's diseases which confirms the effects of “Dalk”in this regard. The purpose of this study is to investigate “Dalk”'s applications on women's diseases.
The Effectiveness of Combination of Viola odorata L., Rosa damascena Mill. and Coriandrum sativum L. on Quality of Life of Patients with Migraine Headaches: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo - Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Kamali Mohadese , Tajadini Haleh , Seifadini Rostam , Mehrabani Mitra , Jahani Yunes , Kamali Hoda
Published: December 2019

Headache is one of the most common public health problems in the world, which causes patients to see a doctor. Migraine is the second most common cause of headaches after tension headaches. This study is a randomized, double blinded, placebo - controlled clinical trial, using SF36 questionnaire, to evaluate the effect of combination of Viola odorata L., Rosa damascena Mill. and Coriandrum sativum L. on the quality of life, in patients with migraine after 4 weeks. In all domains of the SF36 questionnaire, the scores after intervention in the drug group were significantly higher than the control group after 4 weeks. This study showed that, combination of V. odorata, R. damascena and C. sativum, improves the quality of life of patients with migraine.
Treatment of Patients with Refractory Functional Dyspepsia Using Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC. Hydroalcoholic Extract: A Case Series
Authors: Mirzapour Mohaddese , Mojahedi Morteza , Shokri Javad , Khafri Soraia , Memariani Zahra
Published: December 2019

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a highly prevalent condition with high impact on healthcare costs. Considering the complimentary therapies options like phytotherapy, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC. extract in sixteen FD patients. The subjects received capsules of 500 mg N. Jatamansi, 3 times daily before meals for 30 days. The severity of early satiation and postprandial fullness were assessed by self-report of improvement at least 50% of symptoms and other FD symptoms assessed by Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) before intervention and at end of treatment. The mean GSRS score level decreased significantly after intervention among study population. Five patients had chief complaint of early satiety and post prandial fullness who all of them reported 50% improvement. According to the results N. jatamansi seems to be effective in patients with refractory FD. Randomized clinical studies seem to be required.
Algorithm for Spacecraft Angular and Translational Motion Control with use of Orientation Thrusters
Authors: Sumarokov A.V. , Tyrnov P.A.
Published: December 2019

The paper discusses the algorithm of spacecraft orientation and docking thrusters control for simultaneous spatial and angular motion. The solution of control velocity formation problem and the problem of required engines configuration determination along with the optimization of control vector execution accuracy are considered. The formation of control velocity is carried out using a phase plane with switching lines and a zone of inactivity. The calculation of thrusters working duration time is based on the method of least squares with non-negative resulting solution vector and additional boundary conditions. In the paper, the necessary control parameters were chosen to ensure the necessary accuracy of spacecraft stabilization. To demonstrate the developed algorithm, mathematical modelling of various considered spacecraft's orbital flight stages was executed, including damping of initial angular velocities, spatial motion, and stabilization under the influence of continuous perturbations. The simulation took into account the disturbing moments acting on the spacecraft, thrusters mounting errors and the characteristics of the angular velocity meter. The elastic characteristics of the structure were not taken into account. The results of mathematical modelling showed that the proposed algorithm coped well with the task, and was able to ensure the movement of the spacecraft center of masses in a given direction and simultaneous angular stabilization with required accuracy.
Adaptive Signal Frequency Estimation
Authors: Chudnikov V.V. , Shakhtarin B.I.
Published: December 2019

The paper introduces an adaptive algorithm for estimating the frequencies of harmonic components in the signal against the background of additive white noise. This method is iterative, which distinguishes it from the periodogram and parametric spectral estimation methods. The key feature of the algorithm is that it gives a reasonably accurate estimation only for the preset number of harmonic components included in the signal under study. In the original discrete signal, a frequency search was performed at each time sample using the gradient descent method. Frequency estimation is made when the frequency error value tends to a certain value. The search is based on the representation of the value of the current sample of the harmonic signal of a known frequency through the two previous values. Knowing the number of components included in the original signal sequence, it is possible to form the resulting sequence containing only residual noise samples. A mathematical model of the algorithm is given, its work is simulated for different conditions of application, the accuracy of the algorithm, i.e., frequency estimation, and the number of iterations for various signal-to-noise ratios are shown.
Influence of the Type of the Underlying Surface Forest Cover on the Level of SNS Radio Signals Reflected from the Surface at Low-Altitude Aircraft Flight
Authors: Zubov N.E. , Eshchenko A.A. , Demin S.S. , Maslennikova G.E. , Ivanenko S.V.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of the type of the underlying surface forest cover on the level of SNS radio signals reflected from the surface and, accordingly, on the aircraft user equipment efficiency at low-altitude flying. By mathematical simulation, we analyzed the dependences of the signal-to-noise ratio on the elevation angle of navigation spacecraft of the working constellation and the aircraft flight altitude for different types of forest cover. Findings of research show that the rugged barren terrain is characterized by the highest noise level, while the lowest noise level is typical for the thin forest. This can be explained by the fact that most electromagnetic waves penetrate deep into the forest, where they are absorbed due to multiple reflections. Moreover, the thicker the forest cover, the lower the degree of absorption and the higher the noise level.
Destabilizing Optimization of Operating Modes of the Rectification Subsystem of Low Pressure Air Separation Plant for Simultaneous Production of Nitrogen, Oxygen and Argon
Authors: Muromtsev D.Yu. , Gribkov A.N. , Zaugolkov I.A. , Tyurin I.V. , Shamkin V.N.
Published: December 2019

The paper focuses on the problem of energy-saving control of a large low-pressure air separation plant with a turbo-expander. The plant is designed for simultaneous production of nitrogen, oxygen and argon and operates at variable performance over a time interval when the need for air separation products is repeatedly changed. The purpose of the research is to improve the efficiency of the air separation plant, in terms of minimizing energy consumption for air separation over a time interval, using destabilizing optimization algorithms for the operating modes of its rectification subsystem, the latter being the core of the proposed plant. The study introduces the author's "concept of destabilization", which consists in expanding the range of feasible solutions to the problem by replacing in its statement some constraints like equalities with inequality constraints. This is technologically equivalent to purposefully changing some parameters within acceptable limits instead of stabilizing them, which provides an additional effect over a time interval. The authors developed methods and algorithms for controlling an object over a time interval, which provide for all possible changes in the performance of various target air separation products with a linear dependence of the optimality criterion on additional control actions resulting from destabilization. A specific example demonstrates the use of destabilization control algorithms for solving the problem of optimizing the modes of the rectification subsystem of the air separation plant over a certain time interval with an estimate of the effect obtained. Using the proposed approach and making structural changes to the existing equipment of the rectification subsystem of the air separation plant, we can significantly increase the resulting effect. Destabilization can be fully applied to other complex technological objects with liquid capacities and when a change in the liquid levels is acceptable within certain limits. Further research is needed to find out how plant performance and the time of the plant constancy influence the degree of the resulting effect, as during the plant operation the need for separation products, the moments of their switching and the time of constant performance intervals repeatedly change.
Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Technological Defects on the Strength of Е110 Alloy Fuel Cladding under Stress Corrosion Cracking
Authors: Sotnikov A.S.
Published: December 2019

The article provides comparative analysis of data on the influence of technological defects on the long-term strength of fuel cladding ∅ 9,1 × 0,65 mm of alloy E110 (Э110) under conditions of stress-corrosion cracking in the environment of iodine, obtained in recent years. The experimental results of stress corrosion cracking of fuel cladding in iodine environment are compared with the test data of fuel cladding made of alloy E110 in the state of delivery, with artificial and technological defects on the inner surface. On the basis of experimental results of stress-corrosion cracking research of irradiation fuel cladding × 9,1 × 0,65 mm E110 of the alloy E110 it is recommended to use the value of the threshold stress as σscc = ∼ 280 MPa at the temperature T = 350 °C in environment of iodine (iodine concentration ∼ 0,2 mg/sm2)
Using the Maximum Pressure Principle for Verification of Calculation of Stationary Subsonic Flow
Authors: Anikin V.A. , Vyshinsky V.V. , Pashkov O.A. , Streltsov E.V.
Published: December 2019

The principle of maximum pressure for subsonic stationary three-dimensional vortex flows of an ideal gas (author Sizykh G.B., 2018) is applied to verify the calculation method and its implementation on a specific computer technology. The four criteria for solution's verification are proposed. The method for obtaining flow parameters is based on solving of discrete analogs of the Navier --- Stokes system of equations on three-dimensional non-structured computational meshes. For example, there was consider the vortex tear-off flow around the fuselage of a helicopter with an empennage and landing gear at obviously insufficient computing resources. Conclusions of the feasibility of applying the author's criteria for evaluation of a particular calculation and for estimation of reliability of the results have been made.
Profiling the Discharge Channel Flow Part of Axial Piston Pump
Authors: Belov N.A. , Nikitin O.F.
Published: December 2019

The article considers the flow of the working fluid in the discharge channel of the axial piston pump with end distribution. Geometric region shapes of the channels, currently used in axial piston pumps, negatively affecting the dynamic parameters of the flow flowing through it, are determined by numerical simulation. The configuration of the channel cavity allowing a more uniform distribution of dynamic parameters over the volume of the fluid flow is proposed. The optimal ratio between the reference dimensions adopted for constructing a three-dimensional model of the channel was determined based on the study of the dependence of the power factor value, the amount of movement in the output section vs the shape of the channel. Energy loss due to flowing the working fluid through the channel is reduced. The resulting force effect on the discharge pipe and other elements connected to the pump is reduced and the vibroacoustic characteristics of the pump unit are improved.
Assessment of the Liquid Deicing Reagent Distribution Zone Deformation at Different Parameters of the Environment
Authors: Mandrovskiy K.P. , Sadovnikova Ya.S.
Published: December 2019

The article considers distribution of liquid deicing reagents over aerodrome pavement. The deformation of the treatment zone contributing to the formation of unevenness of distribution under different environmental parameters (air temperature, wind speed and direction) is estimated. The research is based on the developed mathematical models of the reagent droplet movements over the distribution disk and in the air. The dependence of overlapping the two zones and the width of the untreated zone on the wind speed and direction is derived. The process of reagent distribution at different ambient temperatures and varying height of disks above the pavement is simulated. Estimation of quality indicators of anti-icing treatment for the temperature range from 0 to --15 °C is given on the basis of the obtained results. The practical value of the obtained results lies in the possibility of their application in the development of operational methods to ensure the quality of distribution of liquid chemicals under changing environmental conditions.
Identification and Comparative Analysis of Alkaloids by Inversion Voltammetry Method
Authors: Semenova V.A. , Petrenko E.M.
Published: December 2019

The alkaloids concurrent detection and identification in the samples by the method of multisensory inversion voltammetry is the purpose of the work. To achieve this goal, the proposed method has been substantiated, the composition of the electrochemical test system has been optimized taking into account the specifics of the detected substances, and informative signs that characterize the presence of alkaloids in the studied sample have been found. A new approach, consisting in the use of an electrochemical multisensor test system in the form of a solution containing a set of metal ions that can form complex compounds with organic substances, has been developed and scientifically approved. The results showed that each organic substance has a different effect on the electrochemical behavior of the multisensory test system. The use of such a test system made it possible to model the principle currently defined by the term "Electronic tongue". An electronic database has been prepared according to the results of the electroanalytical studies, which made it possible to identify the detected substance by comparing it with analyzed sample. The proposed electrochemical method, which is based on multisensor inversion voltammetry, allows the detection and identification of both narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances with high confidence for a small mass of the sample.
Numerical Simulation of Crystallization of a Modified Metal Drop during Metal Spreading on a Substrate
Authors: Popov V.N. , Cherepanov A.N.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the research was to numerically simulate the processes when melting drops fall on a substrate. The paper deals with the solidification on the metal surface of a binary aluminum alloy modified by activated refractory nanosized particles, which are the centers of crystalline phase nucleation. We formulated a mathematical model which describes the thermo- and hydrodynamic phenomena in the drop upon interaction with a solid substrate, heterogeneous nucleation during melt cooling, and subsequent crystallization. The flow in a liquid is described by the Navier --- Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation. The position of the free boundary of the melt is fixed by marker particles moving with the local liquid velocity. On the melt --- substrate contact surface, thermal resistance is taken into account. The hydrodynamic problem is considered under conditions of crystallization of molten metal. The temperature conditions and the kinetics of the growth of the solid phase in the solidifying aluminum alloy are described for various sizes of formed splats. Satisfactory agreement was found between the shape of the splat obtained by the results of numerical simulation and the available experimental data. The adequacy of the crystallization model in the presence of ultradisperse refractory particles in a binary alloy is confirmed. It was determined that, regardless of the size of the drop, bulk crystallization of the metal takes place. It was found that at a high rate of collision of a drop with a substrate during the melt spreading, a small fraction of the solid phase can be formed.
Investigation of the Nonstationary Energy Distribution of an Atomic Collision Cascade
Authors: Aleksandrov A.A. , Akatev V.A. , Metelkin E.V. , Baryscheva E.Yu.
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we derive a nonstationary distribution function describing the energy distribution of the cascade of moving atoms taking into account their multiplication. The function was derived by solving the Boltzmann kinetic equation. The development of the cascade was considered for the materials consisting of atoms of the same type without taking into account the binding energy of atoms at the crystal lattice sites. The scattering of moving atoms is assumed to be elastic and spherically symmetrical in a center-of-inertia system, and the interaction cross-section is assumed to be constant. The use of these assumptions allows us to derive simple analytic formulas for the nonstationary energy distribution function for the cascade and analyze its main distinctive features. The results obtained allow evaluating the accuracy of various approximate solutions.
Influence of Particle on Gas Detonation by Shock
Authors: Efremov V.P. , Obruchkova L.R. , Kiverin A.D.
Published: December 2019

There exist evidence, that the gaseous detonation passing through a cloud of solid particles could be attenuated or even suppressed. Contrary to these known works, in the present article, we have found that just one single 160-micron particle can serve as a trigger for the detonation onset. By numerical simulation, we have obtained that there are the concentration ratio limits, in which single particle is enough to initiate gaseous detonation, although without particle the detonation is not ignited in the same conditions in a tube of restricted size. In other words, the presence of a solid particle in the combustible mixture could decrease significantly the ignition delay time. Using of temperature pattern visualization, we have demonstrated that the ignition arises in the subsonic region located between the particle and the bow shock front. The approximations of the used model are discussed. It is shown that used assumptions are valid within investigated time intervals.

The work performed with use of the supercomputer resources Interdepartmental Supercomputer Center Russian Academy of Sciences (ISC RAS)
Simulation of the Relativistic Dynamics of Charged Particles within the Electrostatic Periodic Field of Perfect Crystalline Undulator
Authors: Gorev V.V. , Strekalov D.E.
Published: December 2019

The mathematical model of the passing of relativistic positrons within the interplanar space of positively charged crystalline structures composed of charged ellipsoids was received in this paper. The model includes the numerical-analytical models of both the electrostatic field potential of the structures and the electric intensity of the field as well as the numerical model of the relativistic positrons' dynamics in the field. The model of the field was received by the superposition principle. The case of the positrons passing through the long channel composed of charged ellipsoids, the centers of which are located in the nodal points of a three-dimensional lattice with a cubic unit cell, is considered. It was found the trajectories of positrons are close to sinusoidal on average for long intervals of time when the positrons move within the interplanar space of considered structures.
Influence of Phosphorus Fertilizers Application on Phosphorus use Efficiency and Grain Protein of Winter Wheat in Alkaline-Calcareous Soil, Southern Algeria
Authors: Deraoui N Boukhalfa , Mekliche L Hanifi , Mekliche A , Cheloufi H , Babahani S
Published: December 2019

hree field experiments (2008 to 2011) were conducted to evaluate the ability of winter wheat (Triticum durum Desf. var. Carioca) to utilize and acquire soil phosphorus and nitrogen under different sources of phosphate fertilizers (Fosfactyl, Single super phosphate and Mono-ammonium-phosphate) and rates of applications (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg Pha-1) with a fixed level of nitrogen fertilization. Results revealed a significant effect of P rates on phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE); however, P sources fertilizer had non-significant effect in all three cropping seasons. PUE and NUE decreased markedly with increasing P supply that did not result in an improvement of P and N uptake. Grain protein content was significantly influenced by phosphorus fertilization in 2008-09. The best values were obtained by Single super phosphate and P rate 60 kg ha-1.
Productivity of Pear Plantings Depending on the Content of Main Macroelemants (n, p, k) in the Soil after Optimized Fertilization
Authors: Yakovenko R V , Kopytko P G , Petrishina I P , Butsyk R M , Borysenko V V
Published: December 2019

The results of changes in the yield and quality of pear fruit on the clone rootstock of A quince grown again after a logged-off old pear tree garden using optimum levels of N and K2O content in the rooting soil layer in the presence of P2O5 in it more optimal level without fertilizers are given. Norms of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are calculated on the basis of agrochemical soil analyzes in such quantities to compensate for the lack of N-NO3 (in terms of nitrification capacity of the soil) and available K2O forms for plant nutrition and bring their content to the optimal levels determined by studies for apples and recommended for pears. The studies have established that pear fertilizers are calculated on the basis of agricultural chemical analysis of soil with fertilizer standards containing only those elements and in such quantities that are not sufficient in the soil for optimal nutrition of trees, contribute to a significant increase in the yield of fruits with less technological costs. Accordingly, higher profitability of production and safety for the ecological state of the environment are ensured, compared to the annual introduction of the recommended norm of N90Ð60Ê90.
Colonial and Morphological Characteristics of Soil Fungi from Jhum Land
Authors: Kichu Asangla , Ajungla T , Nyenthang Gloria
Published: December 2019

Soil fungi represent one of the important microbial groups that are actively involved in enhancement of environmental quality and plant nutrient supply. Studying native soil fungal species and their accurate identification is crucial for contribution to the checklist of fungi. The present study aimed at isolation and identification of some soil fungi from Jhum land, Mokokchung district, Nagaland. Serial dilution method was used to isolate soil fungi on RBA (Rose Bengal Agar) and PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) plates. Altogether fourteen fungal species belonging to genera Absidia, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Mortierella, Mucor, Penicillium and Trichoderma were identified by studying their macro- and micro-morphological characteristics.
Growth and Productivity Response of Rice to Applied Zinc and Organic Manure
Authors: Muthukumararaja T , Sriramachandrasekharan M V
Published: December 2019

The objective of this research was to find out the impact of zinc and organic fertilization on the productivity of rice. Two separate field experiments were conducted in a zinc deficient soil belonging to Typic Haplusterts and Typic Ustifluvents during Rabi 2011-2012. The results revealed that grain and straw yield was significantly enhanced on addition of zinc or organics or both over control in both soils. The rice yield increased with zinc doses and maximum yields was noticed with 5 mg Zn kg-1 and declined at 7.5 mg Zn kg-1. While addition of poultry manure recorded the maximum rice yields and was on par with vermicompost. However the highest grain yield (6103, 6344 kg ha-1) and straw yield (8369, 8459 kg ha-1) was recorded with application of 5 mg Zn kg-1 and poultry manure in Vertisol and Entisol respectively. Similarly, addition of 5.0 mg Zn kg-1 along with poultry manure @ 10 t ha-1 registered the highest growth traits it was comparable with vermicompost at same level of zinc, but superior to other treatment combination.
Pollen Substitute Diet for Apis Mellifera: Consumption and Effects on Colony Parameters in Sub-Tropical Himalaya
Authors: Kumari Indu , Kumar Rajesh
Published: December 2019

Apiculture plays an important role in improving crop productivity all over the world. The enrichment and enhancement of apiculture lies in the good health and hygiene of honey bees. Honeybees require pollen and nectar rich flowers to satisfy their nutritional requirements. But such flowers of bee’s interest are not available round the year. Therefore, honey bees require special care and management during dearth periods. The palatability, consumption and effects of protein-rich diet(s) were assessed on honey bee colonies of Apis mellifera. The colonies were also supplied with patties of diet formulated in laboratory (bee sup), diet proposed by Haydak (1967) and NBB, New Delhi (India), sugar syrup and no supplementary feed as control. Feeding trials were carried out during May to July 2017 and 2018, using 24 equalized experimental colonies receiving diet formulations for 8 weeks. The feed consumption for bee-sup was higher than Haydak’s diet during both the years. Significant differences were recorded for various colony attributes viz. sealed brood, unsealed brood, bee population, bee covered frames and honey production in the colonies provided bee-sup in comparison to Haydak’s diet, sugar syrup and control colonies. The results indicate the potential of bee-sup for improving strength, health and build up of colonies during dearth periods.
Utilization of Liquid Fertilizers for Agro-Industrial Waste Management and Reducing Challenges through Nano-encapsulation-A Review
Authors: Unnikrishnan Gayathri , Vijayaraghavan Ramasamy
Published: December 2019

Due to the robust demand for food, fiber, and bio energy resources, there is a rapid hire for strategies that perform utilization of finite resources, providing a real provocation to the agricultural industry, investigator and collaborators. Released funds in agriculture around past years have seen the growth of organic manures and fertilizers. The enhanced use of microbial inoculants (Bacteria, Cyanobacteria and Fungi) in crop plants has increase the mobilization of key microelements in soil such as potassium, phosphorous and nitrogen. In account of the large scale agro-industrial waste collected in a year throughout the world, it contained a major share of lignocelluloses and starch. Here, we advocate the terminology, nano encapsulation of bio-inoculants and their potential in providing macronutrients for variant soil and plant biomes. Evidence to support larger crop yield are currently disconcerted by insufficient plot study and poor knowledge on their essential metabolism, which had led to conflicting reports on their field performance. There is moreover, a scope to improve sustainable macronutrient profiling in soil plant symbiotic system. The further investigation can be performed on studies that suggest entangling activities of microbial interactions in soil.
Productivity, Input and Operational Costs and Marketing Efficiency of Guar [Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba (L.) Taub]: A Legume Crop in Haryana
Authors: Singh Mohinder , Kathwal Rajesh , Rani Ella
Published: December 2019

A field study was conducted in Sirsa, Bhiwani and Hisar in Department of Economics, Baba Mastnath University Rohtak to study the productivity, economics and marketing efficiency of guar during the year 2014-15. It was found that among the operational costs for cultivation of guar, the preparatory cost was significantly higher in Hisar (` 2834/ha) as compared to Sirsa and Bhiwani, while the pre-sowing irrigation was higher in Sirsa district. The sowing costs was significantly higher in Sirsa (` 957/ha). Threshing and transportation costs were significantly higher in Sirsa (` 3924 and ` 350). FYM, DAP, irrigation and chemical weeding were significantly positively correlated with yield. Marketing channel-III (producer and processor only) was found most efficient with an efficiency of 12.03.
Efficacy of Some Biopesticides against Helicoverpa Armigera (Hubner) in Pigeonpea under Natural Condition
Authors: Agale S V , Gupta Rajeev , Rangarao G V , Wani S P
Published: December 2019

The field experiments on efficacy of some biopesticides against H. armigera on pigeonpea under field condition was carried out in the experimental field of department of Entomology at International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad, during 2016-2017 and 2017-2018.These studies revealed Spinosad 45 SC treatment as the most effective against H. armigera. Lower larval population of H. armigera was observed when crop was treated with consortia of biopesticides which was at par with neem fruit powder followed by HaNPV. The treatment of Spinosad 45 SC was found significantly superior, recording lower pod and seed damage by H. armigera (6.82 %) followed by consortia (37.95%) and neem fruit powder (39.77%).The highest yield was (1359 kg/ha) recorded in Spinosad 45 SC followed by Streptomyces sp.(SAI-25) (762 kg/ha).
Phenotyping Techniques for the Selection of Disease Resistance in Pigeonpea Against Phytophthora Cajani
Authors: Jadesha G. , Sharma Mamta , Reddy P. Narayan
Published: December 2019

Different range of temperature and relative humidity were screened against host × pathogen interaction and temperature of 30oC and relative humidity of more than 85% was induced the maximum infection in the host with shortest incubation period (18 h). Further different inoculation techniques, inoculum dose and host age were studied for induction of infection in host and development of phytophthora blight disease. Of all soil mixing method of inoculation, inoculum dose of 10% and plant age of 10-15 days were found most suitable for development of disease. In combination, temperature of 30oC, relative humidity of more than 90%, soil mixing method of inoculation with 10% inoculum load can aggravate the disease development in 10-15 days old pigeonpea. Additionally set of 43 improved genotypes screened against P. cajani at field condition. Among all, ICPL 99044, ICP 8863 and ICPL 99055 were showed the resistant reaction.
Foliar application of urea and potassium chloride minimizes terminal moisture stress in lentil (Lens culinaris L.) crop
Authors: Yadav Gulab Singh , Devi A Gangarani , Das Anup , Kandpal Basant , Babu Subhash , Das Ripan Chandra , Nath Mandira
Published: December 2019

Soil moisture stress in lentil (Lens culinaris L.) cultivated in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fallows of Tripura (50 m above msl), India, is one of the issues related to low productivity. Effects of foliar feeding of lentil with urea and potassium chloride KCI @ 2% each, singly or in combination either at 50% flowering, 50% podding or both at 50% flowering + 50% pod formation stages under moisture stress condition were investigated. The key physiological parameters viz. chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll content, leaf relative water content (LRWC), excised leaf water loss (ELWL) and yield attributes of lentil were measured. There were significant plessthan0.05) increases in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content at 50% flowering and 50% pod formation stage in plants treated either with 2% KCl alone or in combination with 2% urea as compared to those under control and 2% urea alone. Further, LRWC and ELWL were the highest (83%) and lowest (0.7%) under combined application of two agro chemicals, respectively. Significant (plessthan 0.05) increases in plant height, number of branches per plant, numbers of pods per plant and biomass as well as seed yield were also observed with combined foliar application of agrochemicals in comparison to those under control. The highest LRWC and lowest ELWL were recorded in case of foliar spray at 50% flowering + 50% pod formation as compared to either 50% flowering or 50% pod formation stage alone. Foliar application of both agro-chemicals mitigates the terminal moisture stresses especially in underutilized rice-fallow lands for successful cultivation of rabi crops like lentil.
Molecular Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum Causing Chickpea Wilt by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Marker
Authors: Jadhav Bharati , Bhalerao Sarika R , George Priya
Published: December 2019

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is one of the serious disease causes tremendous loss to crop throughout the world and has assumed serious proportions in the recent years. Wilt affected chickpea plant roots samples were collected from forty eight different regions of Maharashtra. The collected samples were characterized by designed ITS primers. The Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) showed about 302 bp amplicon when subjected to PCR with these primers. Further the amplified product was digested with five restriction enzymes viz. AluI, EcoRI, HaeIII, MboI and MspI and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern were analysed. A dendrogram derived from ITS-RFLP analysis of the rDNA region divided the Foc isolates into four clusters. The maximum genetic distance 0.75 exhibited by five Foc isolates viz. Foc-30, Foc-36, Foc-24, Foc-25 and Foc-48 belonging to Shahartakli, Shelur, Nashik, Satara, Kolhapur regions respectively and found to be more diverse among the other Foc isolates. Whereas isolate no. Foc-20, Foc-21 and Foc-8 from Ambajogai, Karjat and Rahata shown minimum genetic distance (0.13). This showed the genetic variability among the Foc isolates collected from different regions of Maharashtra.
Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Black Gram [Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper] Collections for Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers
Authors: Sathees N , Shoba D , Saravanan S , Prem Kumari S Merina , Pillai M Arumugam
Published: December 2019

A total of nine black gram genotypes were tested for yellow mosaic virus (YMV) resistance along with other nine biometrical traits. The genotypes VBN 4, KKB-14-015, KKB-14-45 and KKB-14-022 exhibited complete resistance to YMV in field screening. From the molecular characterization, out of 42 SSR markers studied, 15 SSR markers expressed polymorphism. The PIC values ranged from 0.37 (for SSR marker CEDG 024) to 0.79 (CEDG 154) with an average of 0.63. From the cluster analysis, YMV resistant genotypes KKB-14-045 and KKB-14-015 were located on clusters 6 and 7 and the susceptible but agronomic desirable genotypes IC 343943 and IC 436656 were located on cluster 3 which showed the diverse nature of these genotypes. Hence combinations viz., IC 343943 x KKB-14-015, IC 343943 x KKB-14-045, IC 436656 x KKB-14-015 and IC 436656 x KKB-14-045 would be ideal to produce desirable recombinants for YMV resistance breeding in black gram.
Molecular characterization of Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia isolate infecting chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Dharwad, Karnataka
Authors: Balol Gurupada , Channakeshava C , Patil M S
Published: December 2019

Chickpea plants showing phytoplasma symptoms were observed in the research plots at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India. The symptoms included phyllody, pale green leaves, bushy appearance and excessive axillary proliferation. The causal agent of the phyllody disease was identified based on symptoms, amplification of 16S rDNA of the phytoplasma by nested PCR with primers P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2 and 1,800 bp and 1,200 bp size products were amplified in first round PCR and nested-PCR respectively. The PCR product was sequenced and compared with the reference phytoplasma sequences collected from the database (NCBI). 16S rDNA sequences of Dharwad chickpea phytoplasma shared the highest nucleotide identity of (>98%) with Periwinkle phyllody16SrII-E (EU096500). This study indicated the association of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ the 16SrII-E group infecting chickpea from Northern Karnataka.
Bio-Physico-Chemical Response of Drought Tolerant Chickpeas to Nickel
Authors: Yadav Renu , Jain Vanita , Hegde Vaishali V.S , Yadav Neelam , Kumar Rajendra
Published: December 2019

Experiments were conducted to evaluate response of two genetically different drought tolerant varieties of Cicer arietinum L. namely PUSA 1103, Desi variety and PUSA 1105, Kabuli variety to the basal applications of nickel chloride doses viz; 0, 0.62, 3.12, 12.5, 62.5 and 125 µg g-1. Significant increase in the growth was observed at 0.62 and 3.12 µg g-1 nickel chloride doses. Addition of nickel dose above this level reduced the leaf area, plant growth, root length and yield of the plants. Fruiting stage showed more severe toxicity symptoms in comparison to the vegetative stages. Protein contents in seeds and chlorophyll contents along with nitrate reductase activity increased significantly in the leaves at the lower nickel doses. Peroxidase and superoxide-dismutase activities increased in a concomitant manner with increasing nickel concentrations. Increased concentrations of the soil applied nickel demonstrated an increase in the content of nickel higher in shoots also followed by roots. Accumulation of nickel and grain yield was higher in Desi chickpea variety PUSA 1103, indicating for its potential utilization in crop improvement strategies to breed new chickpea genotypes for nickel and drought resistance.
Genetic Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Cowpea (Vignaunguiculata L. Walp)
Authors: Das Reshmi Rani , Das Goutam , Talukdar Pranab , Neog Seuji Bora
Published: December 2019

The present investigation was conducted comprising of the parental lines and F1 progenies derived from a 6 x 6 diallel cross among cowpea varieties, excluding reciprocals. Analysis of variance revealed presence of sufficient variation among the genotypes for all the characters studied. For seed yield both GCA and SCA variances were significant, while GCA variance was significant for pods per cluster and SCA variance was significant for plant height, number of primary branches and pod length. Variety JCC-4 followed by UPC-622 were good general combiner for yield and yield attributing characters. Maximum SCA effect for seed yield per plant was observed with cross JCC-1 x JCC-4 followed by JCC-3 x JCC-4. Genetic analysis revealed that both additive (D) and dominance (H1 and H2) components were involved in controlling most of the characters. The predominant role of non-additive gene action was evident from relatively higher magnitude of dominance components, including H1, H2 and h2.