bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization of Wire Cut Process Parameters for Efficient Cutting of Tapered Carbon Steels Using Wire EDM
Authors:   Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi., Wasif Muhammad , Iqbal Syed Amir ,   Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi., Khan Yasir Ahmed ,   Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi., Tufail Muhammad ,   Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi.
Published: November 2021

Carbon Steel AISI 2010 is a general-purpose tool steel. It is the immense need of the industry to determine the optimal process parameters for the cutting of thick slabs of the metal using the wire cut, for the maximum material removal rate and minimum surface roughness and wire wear. Hence this research is designed to explore the influence of process parameters during the wire EDM of tapered Steel blanks. Tapered steel blanks with angles of 30°, 45° and 60° are machined and slots are generated in blanks using the wire EDM process. Taper angle, current and pulse-off time are considered the controllable process parameters for this study, whereas other controllable parameters are kept constant. Effect of these controllable parameters over kerf width, surface finish, MRR and wire are examined using the analysis of variance technique. Regression models for the four response variables are also developed, relating the variables with the varying controllable parameters. Multi-variable optimization of controllable parameters is performed using the Genetic Algorithm for the favourable response variables.
Research on Population Projection of High School Students and their Demand for Educational Resources in the Context of Dual Circulation
Authors: Han Lufeng , Rong Weibo
Published: November 2021

High school is a link between compulsory education and higher education in China. The precise projection of high-school population is also a key premise of the rational high-school educational-resource allocation which is of importance to educational quality. Improving the education quality can promote the population quality and increase the accumulation of human capital to create a new geographic dividend and contribute to the new development model of dual circulation. Encouraging governments at all levels to increase financial investment in education is a demand-side dimension to study the demand for high-school educational resources. When promoting human capital accumulation, China should transform the reliance of its economic growth from “demographic dividend” to “talent dividend” to build a new development model of dual circulation. This paper built a Leslie model by matrix laboratory (MATLAB) to predict the high-school population and study the demand for high-school educational resources.
Analysis of Growth Influencing Factors of Gem Listed Companies in China: Empirical Study based on the Panel Data of Gem Listed Companies
Authors: Gu Yingni , Huang Yulu
Published: November 2021

Based on the current domestic development status and problems of growth enterprises market (GEM) listed companies in China, this paper selects six evaluation indicators among the three dimensions of GEM profitability, solvency and agency cost to constitute an evaluation system, and then extracts panel data from 2017 to 2019 by selecting 566 GEM listed companies that meet the requirements as samples, and mainly uses Empirical analysis method is used to sort out, summarize and integrate the real data of GEM listed companies, and factor analysis method is combined to draw more objective conclusions. Specifically, the profitability of GEM listed companies promotes the growth of the company, while agency cost and solvency are the main factors inhibiting the growth of the company.
Bank Background CEO and Enterprise Short-Term Loan and Long-Term Investment
Authors: Wu Xiaoman , Hu Weilun
Published: November 2021

This paper takes A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2018 as samples, and discusses the relationship between bank background CEO and enterprise short-term loan and long-term investment. It is found that the CEO with banking background can significantly inhibit the short-term loan and long-term investment of enterprises. Compared with the highly market-oriented regions and state-owned enterprises, the CEO with banking background has a more obvious inhibitory effect on short-term loan and long-term investment of enterprises. In this paper additionally, PSM, lag variable and Heckman two-stage model are used for robustness test, and the above conclusions are still valid.
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Among Hemodialysis Patients in the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alsayari Abdulrhman , Almaghaslah Dalia , Almathami Elham , Alsalem Aljawharah , Zaitoun Mohammad , Al-Alsheikh Khalid , Alyahya Saleh
Published: November 2021

Due to its perceived safety and ease of access, complementary and alternative medicine has gained great popularity around the world for the self-management of a disease, including end-stage renal disease. The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence and types of complementary and alternative medicine used among the end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis in the southern region of Saudi Arabia. The study employed face-to-face interviews of patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis at three outpatient renal centers in the southern region of Saudi Arabia from November 2019 to January 2020. Of the 331 participants interviewed, 166 (50.1%) reported the use of complementary and alternative modalities. Of the complementary and alternative approaches used, herbal remedies were the most common (80%), followed by Quran recitation (40.8%), Zamzam water (29.9%), and honey (24.5%). Most patients used botanical-based therapies, such as herbal medicine that necessitates need for better understanding of the possible mechanism for better communication between the patients and healthcare providers. Patient education on the potential risks/benefits of different complementary and alternative modalities and herbal drug/disease interactions should be offered by healthcare professionals.
POLA PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Tutoli Teti Sutriyati , Rasdiana Nur , Tahala Faradilasandi
Published: November 2021

Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mmHg or a diastolic pressure of at least 90 mmHg. This study aimed to determine the use of drugs in outpatient hypertension patients at the PuskesmasTilamuta. The design employed in this study wa a non-analytic descriptive analysis method by calculating the percentage of the amount of 3T, namely the right indication, the right drug, and the right dose in a non-experimental manner with a cross sectional design (cross-sectional) and retrospective data collection. Data were collected through mecical records of outpatient hypertension patiens in the area from January 2020 to Desember 2020. Then, the research subjects who met the inclusion criteria were 92 patients. The results showed that the calcium channel bloker (Amlodipine) class antihypertensives were mostly used at 53%. Based on the results of the study, it was found that some patients were not given anthypertensive drugs with inappropriate  drug percentage (23%), incorrect indications (23%), inapporiate dosage (23%). Therefore, it is concluded that some patients do not comply with the accuracy of the indication, drugs, and the accuracy of dosage, so it is necessary to monitor the administration of antihypertensive drugs.
Formulasi, Karakterisasi, Dan Evaluasi Drops Liquid Self Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) Astaxanthin
Authors: Tungadi Robert , Thomas Nur Ain , Gobel Wanda Gita Van
Published: November 2021

SNEDDS are isotropic mixtures of oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant that produce spontaneous nanoemulsions once they make contact with gastric juices in order to increase the solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients. One of the active pharmaceutical ingredients with low solubility is Astaxanthin. This research aims at formulating, characterizing, and evaluating SNEDDS containing Astaxanthin in the form of droplets. This research is a laboratory experiment. SNEDDS containing Astaxanthin droplets are made in 3 formulas using the ratio of surfactants and co-surfactants which are characterized to produce F1, F2, and F3 transmittance values of 91%, 90%, and 95%, respectively. Furthermore, the F1 particle size value of 183.75 nm obtains a PDI value of 0.272, the F2 particle sizevalue of 195.25 nm obtains a PDI value of 0.341, and the F3 particle size value of 105.75 nm obtains a PDI value of 0.392. This signifies that the absorption efficiency of F1, F2, and F3 are 94.62%, 94.35%, and 95.57%, respectively. The evaluation reveals the insignificant changes in the emulsion viscosities of SNEDDS containing Astaxanthin liquid drop after having received a stability test for 28 days using Paired T. Test data analysis (p0.05). The research findings show that the F3 of 72% surfactant and 18% co-surfactant concentrations are the best formula in producing SNEDDS. It concludes thar the higher the surfactant concentration produced, the greater the ability to, oil droplets resulting in obtaining small partidles and high absorption efficiency.
PROFIL TERAPI OBAT PADA PASIEN ISPA DI PUSKESMAS KOTA TENGAH TAHUN 2019
Authors: Bakululu Lesmiyati , Sutriyati Tuloli Teti , Rasdiana Nur
Published: November 2021

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) is an infectioan that commonly occurs in human of any age however, children and infants are the most vulnerable and most exposed to ARI. The study aims to identify the utilization of drug therapy in patients with ARI, specifically those infants and children patients at Puskesmas Kota Tengah in 2019. it employs a descriptive research design where the obtained data are secondary data that are collected retrospectively besides, the data used in this study are medical prescription documents, including the patient’s name, age, type of drug used, and drug use patternThe finding discloses that drug therapy administered to 116 infants and children patients who suffer from ARI at Puskesmas Kota Tengah in 2019 reveals that the most widely used therapy is the expectorant group(Gliceryl Guaicolate) as many as 61 (62,2%), Antihistamine group (Chlorpheniramine maleate) with a frequency of 75 times (64,1%), Vitamin B Complex with a frequency of 69 times (55,2%), Antibiotik group (Amoxicillin) with a frequency 47 times (41%), Analgesic and Antipyretic group (Paracetamol) is the most widely prescribed with a prescription frequency of 65 times (55,7%). In addition, the parameter of right drug obtains frequency of 22 times with 94 times with the percentage of (81,0%) and incorrect drug obtains a frequncy of 22 times with a percentage of (19,0%), the parameter of right dose for 83 times with a percentage of (71,6%), and incorrect dose for 33 times with a percentage of (28,4%). At the same time, the right drug use pattern parameter involves the right dose, and the right drug obtains a frequency of  94 times with a percentage 0f 8 (81,0%) while the incorrect drug use pattern obtains a frequency 0f 22 times with a percentage 0f (19,0%)
Analisis Jalur Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dan Kepuasan Kerja Pada Perilaku Warga Organisasi Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Dodi Kusuma Hadi Soejoko  , Hery Purnomo Sugiono  , Samari
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan kepuasan kerja  pada authoritative citizenship conduct dengan komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel mediasi. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan information preliminary yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dengan teknik relative arbitrary inspecting kepada 92 orang perawat RSUP Daha Husada, Kediri. Metode analisis data primer menggunakan Regresi Linier Berganda dan uji Sobel sebagai uji efek mediasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh signifikan  pada komitmen organisasi, dan kepemimpinan transformasional, kepuasan kerja, dan komitmen organisasi juga berpengaruh signifikan  pada Perilaku Warga Organisasi. Penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa komitmen organisasi merupakan anteseden yang kuat  pada hierarchical citizenship conduct dan merupakan variabel mediasi yang baik antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan kepuasan kerja  pada Perilaku Warga Organisasi
Analisis Rasio Keuangan Untuk Memprediksi Kondisi Financial Distress di Sektor Basic Industry and Chemical Pada Tahun 2016 -2019 di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Lutfia Rachmawati  , Dhani Ichsanuddin Nur
Published: November 2021

Tujuan pengujian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Leverage, Dan Aktivitas terhadap kondisi financial distress di sektor basic industry and chemical. Populasi perusahaan basic industry and chemical sebanyak 44 perusahaan. Purposive samplingdipergunakan pengujian ini. Terdapat 34 perusahaan dijadikan sampel pada periode 2016-2019 dalam sektor basic industry and chemical yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Regresi logistik menjadi teknik analisis yang digunakan .Pengujian ini dengan pengujian simultan dan parsial untuk menilai risiko terjadinya financial distress. Hasil yang didapatkan dari uji hipotesis menunjukkan rasio profitabilitas dan rasio leverage dapat memprediksi kondisi  financial distress, tetapi rasio likuiditas dan rasio aktivitas tidak berkontribusi atas keadaan financial distress di sektor industri basic industry and chemical di Bursa Efek Indonesia.
Analisis Keputusan Pembelian Mie Samyang Halal Di Jakarta
Authors: Maharani Novida , Handayani Tati , Priyatno Prima Dwi
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze and prove the effect of halal labels and promotions on purchasing decisions for samyang noodles in Jakarta. The population used in this study is the people of Jakarta. The sampling used was using the Lemeshow formula by determining the unknown population size of 100 respondents. Data analysis techniques to determine the magnitude of the effect of halal labels and promotions on purchasing decisions for samyang noodles are Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classical Assumption Test, and Multiple Linear Regression, t-test, f-test, and Coefficient of Determination Test with the help of SPSS 20. The results of this study shows that the halal label has a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions for samyang noodles, and promotions has a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions for samyang noodles. Halal label and promotion together have a significant influence on purchasing decisions for samyang noodles. Research that has been carried out and carried out still has many shortcomings and limitations in its manufacture so that the limitations that limit this research are the "lockdown" conditions imposed during the Covid-19 pandemic which caused various obstacles in data collection, respondents were only taken by region, and time constraints.
The current evidence base surrounding Bobath Concept (NDT) in adult neurorehabilitation: a scoping review update
Authors:   University of Aveiro, Marques Sofia , Vaughan-Graham Julie , Figueiredo Daniela , Costa Rui
Published: November 2021

Review question / Objective: This scoping review aimed to gain a clear understanding of the current evidence base surrounding neurological rehabilitation based on the Bobath Concept (NDT) in adult population, by analyzing the different types of evidence that address and inform practice in this field and the way the research has been conducted. The specific questions, in regards to the available international published and unpublished literature, are: • What types of research are being conducted about the Bobath concept in adult neurorehabilitation? • How Bobath concept in adult neurorehabilitation is being studied, defined, conceptualized and operationalized? • What are the main knowledge gaps about the research involving the Bobath concept in adult neurorehabilitation and the implications for rehabilitation science? Condition being studied: The Bobath Concept approach in adult neuroreabilitation.
MEMBANGUN BUDAYA RELIGIOUS DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Kasri Harwan
Published: November 2021

Building a religious culture is not easy, for school-based educational institutions have various challenges to civilize religion, because it cannot be denied that schools are not intended for certain religious groups, but all religions have the right to continue their education in each school. In line with the above problems, this study aims to reveal how the opportunities and challenges faced by principals in building religious culture. This research method is qualitatively descriptive, research data obtained through observation, interviews and documentation studies. Data sources are principals, teachers and learners who are selected purposively. The results of the study are first, the Implementation of Religious Culture in SMP Negeri 5 Padang has been going well and programmed and there are evaluations carried out, ranging from the implementation of congregational prayers, the habituation of dhuha prayer, Muslim dress, guidance of tahfidz qur'an, kultum Friday, tahsin and tilawah Alqur'an, the implementation of Rohis, and the construction of Tahsin Alqur'an to all teacher councils. Second, challenges and obstacles in building a religious culture certainly exist, but all of them are considered by the principal as whips and become a morale booster to work.  Third, while the opportunities owned by the principal to build a religious culture are among the regulations are very important, support from a solid teacher council, support from parents, support from the committee and support from alumni coupled with the availability of budgets. Fourth, different policies and strategies in realizing the program and goals to be achieved. So the Head of State Junior High School 5 Padang approached from heart-to-heart both to the Council of teachers and to all parties.
Gal Gangs, Worm Lessons, and Elephant Bones
Authors: Bixel Ann
Published: November 2021

Scientists today believe that many nonhuman animals possess emotions. Additionally, they find that emotions are not limited to mammals, but that birds, reptiles, and fish also have feelings. Studying animal emotions may be the key to understanding creatures’ relationships with each other. In particular, what relationships do animals form when living in small groups? Ethologists observing animals in their natural habitats reveal many answers. First, animals in small groups employ a variety of leadership styles. Second, family relationships between parents and offspring, brother and sister, and elders and adolescents help the group survive and thrive. Third, when animals lose a member of their group, they appear to grieve in ways synonymous to humans. As they examine these relationships, animal behaviorists, including famed ethologist Marc Bekoff, help us dive deeper into the lives of animal communities so we can live with them in harmony with them.
On the Correct Use of Gravity-darkening Coefficients in the JKTEBOP Eclipsing-binary Code
Authors: Torres Guillermo
Published: November 2021

Users of the JKTEBOP code to solve the light curves of eclipsing binaries often confuse the gravity darkening coefficients, y(λ), with the bolometric gravity darkening exponents, β. JKTEBOP requires the wavelength-dependent coefficients. I show that the numerical values of y(λ) and β can be rather different, leading to potential biases in the solution if the wrong quantities are used.
Do Oceanic Convection and Clathrate Dissociation Drive Europa’s Geysers?
Authors: Shibley Nicole C. , Laughlin Gregory
Published: November 2021

Water vapor geysers on Europa have been inferred from observations made by the Galileo spacecraft, the Hubble Space Telescope, and the Keck Observatory. Unlike the water-rich geysers observed on Enceladus, Europa’s geysers appear to be an intermittent phenomenon, and the dynamical mechanism permitting water to sporadically erupt through a kilometers-thick ice sheet is not well understood. Here we outline and explore the hypothesis that the Europan geysers are driven by CO2 gas released by dissociation and depressurization of CO2 clathrate hydrates initially sourced from the subsurface ocean. We show that CO2 hydrates can become buoyant to the upper ice–water interface under plausible oceanic conditions, namely, if the temperature or salinity conditions of a density-stratified two-layer water column evolve to permit the onset of convection that generates a single mixed layer. To quantitatively describe the eruptions once the CO2 has been released from the hydrate state, we extend a one-dimensional hydrodynamical model that draws from the literature on volcanic magma explosions on Earth. Our results indicate that for a sufficiently high concentration of exsolved CO2, these eruptions develop vertical velocities of ∼700 m s−1. These high velocities permit the ejecta to reach heights of ∼200 km above the Europan surface, thereby explaining the intermittent presence of water vapor at these high altitudes. Molecules ejected via this process will persist in the Europan atmosphere for a duration of about 10 minutes, limiting the timescale over which geyser activity above the Europan surface may be observable. Our proposed mechanism requires Europa’s ice shell thickness to be d ≲ 10 km.
High karyotypic variation in Orthemis Hagen, 1861 species, with insights about the neo-XY in Orthemis ambinigra Calvert, 1909 (Libellulidae, Odonata)
Authors: Mola Liliana M. , Fourastié María Florencia , Agopian Silvia Susana
Published: November 2021

The American dragonfly genus Orthemis Hagen, 1861 is mainly found in the Neotropical region. Seven of 28 taxonomically described species have been reported from Argentina. Chromosome studies performed on this genus showed a wide variation in chromosome number and a high frequency of the neoXY chromosomal sex-determination system, although the sexual pair was not observed in all cases. This work analyzes the spermatogenesis of Orthemis discolor (Burmeister, 1839), O. nodiplaga Karsch, 1891 and O. ambinigra Calvert, 1909 in individuals from the provinces of Misiones and Buenos Aires, Argentina. Orthemis discolor has 2n=23, n=11+X and one larger bivalent. Orthemis nodiplaga exhibits the largest chromosome number of the order, 2n=41, n=20+X and small chromosomes. Orthemis ambinigra shows a reduced complement, 2n=12, n=5+neo-XY, large-sized chromosomes, and a homomorphic sex bivalent. Fusions and fragmentations are the main evolutionary mechanisms in Odonata, as well as in other organisms with holokinetic chromosomes. Orthemis nodiplaga would have originated by nine autosomal fragmentations from the ancestral karyotype of the genus (2n=22A+X in males). We argue that the diploid number 23 in Orthemis has a secondary origin from the ancestral karyotype of family Libellulidae (2n=25). The complement of O. ambinigra would have arisen from five autosomal fusions and the insertion of the X chromosome into a fused autosome. C-banding and DAPI/CMA3 staining allowed the identification of the sexual bivalent, which revealed the presence of constitutive heterochromatin. We propose that the chromosome with intermediate C-staining intensity and three medial heterochromatic regions corresponds to the neo-Y and that the neo-system of this species has an ancient evolutionary origin. Moreover, we discuss on the mechanisms involved in the karyotypic evolution of this genus, the characteristics of the neo sex-determining systems and the patterns of heterochromatin distribution, quantity and base pair richness.
Updated description of Diospyros dussaudii Lecomte (Ebenaceae), with lectotypification and notes on its distribution
Authors: Duangjai Sutee , Sinbumroong Aroon , Chalermwong Porntawat , Suekaew Padungsak , Khammongkol Kwanjai , Kiewbang Wittawat , Rueangruea Sukid , Thananthaisong Theerawat , Suddee Somran
Published: November 2021

Diospyros dussaudii is a poorly known species and previous descriptions lacked details about its female flowers and fruits. The species had not been recorded since type collections were made in 1913. As a result of our Diospyros research in Thailand, new specimens and data are now available for this species. In this study, we provide an updated morphological description, illustrations, lectotypification and a distribution map. The species was previously reported to be endemic to Laos; as such, the occurrences in Thailand greatly expand the distribution of the species. In addition, we analysed the phylogenetic relationships between D. dussaudii and other Diospyros species from Southeast Asia and other regions, using DNA sequence data from eight plastid regions. Our phylogenetic analyses indicate that D. dussaudii is closely related to D. castanea, D. dasyphylla and D. insidiosa. Their taxonomic affinities are discussed.
Impact of unemployment by sex and marriage rate on fertility decline: Estimates for Turkey and Greece using CCR model
Authors: Miladinov Goran
Published: November 2021

The article analyses the effect of unemployment by sex and marriage rate on fertility changes in Greece and Turkey. The empirical part of the study is based on annual time series data retrieved from the World Bank and National Statistical Offices of Turkey and Greece for 1991–2019. Canonical Cointegrating Regression model is applied for the two countries separately, allowing to quantify the effects of the determinants (crude marriage rate and unemployment rate by sex) on the variation of fertility rate. CCR models show these determinants to be the most significant factors of fertility dynamics in both countries. The results from Engle-Granger and the Phillips-Ouliaris tau (t-statistics) tests confirm the cointegration, i.e., long-term relationship between the variables only for Turkey’s CCR model. However, it was found that in Greece, female unemployment impacts fertility rate negatively and male unemployment has a positive effect on fertility rate; for Turkey modelling shows the opposite relationship. The results of the study suggest that economic uncertainties might be one of the factors contributing to fertility decline in these countries, long-term or in the coming years.
What reflects investor sentiment? Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Huang Zimei ,   School of Economics and Statistics, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China, Li Zhenghui ,   Guangzhou Institute of International Finance, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Published: November 2021

Investor sentiment tends to show systemic bias on the market, and exerts a significant impact on future market fluctuations, which tends to form an amplified feedback effect. This paper selects three different types of data, namely the emotional text data, the volatility of the stock price and the turnover rate, and other multi-index comprehensive data. Then, this paper formulates different types of investor sentiment indexes through different types of data. From fitting effect of three different types investor sentiment, three different types of investor sentiment index and stock price index correlation to compare the reliability of investor sentiment index. The findings are as follows: First, from the perspective of model fitting, the emotional text-based sentiment index performs better and the model is more robust. Second, from the perspective of market correlation, the text-based sentiment index has the strongest correlation with the stock market. Based on these, the investor sentiment index compiled based on emotional text data more fully reflects investor sentiment.
Water resources management versus the world
Authors: Greenway John ,   School of Education, HASSE, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
Published: November 2021

Effective water resources management and water availability are under threat from multiple sources, including population growth, continuing urbanisation, and climate change. In this context, current water resources management requires a conceptual rethink, which is lacking in the urban water resources management literature. This paper addresses this gap by rethinking urban water resources management from a water-centric perspective. The paper discusses a conceptual rethinking of water resources management towards a water-centric water resources management system underpinned through combining nature-based solutions (NBS), green infrastructure, and water soft path approaches. It is concluded that through adopting a blend of NBS, green infrastructure, and water soft paths, a water-centric water resources management approach focused on achieving sustainable water availability can be developed. It is further concluded that in transitioning to a water-centric focused water resources management approach, water needs to be acknowledged as a key stakeholder in relation to guiding a transition to an effective holistic catchment-wide water-centric water resources management system focused on achieving sustainable water availability.
Doctors and dramatists
Authors: Craik Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

It is argued that doctors and dramatists interacted in a lively two-way process. First, general parallels are traced between theatrical and medical activities. In this, the importance of north Greece in the late writing of Euripides (Bacchae) and in Hippocratic records from a similar era (Epidemics) is explored. Cult connections between Asklepios and Dionysos are considered. It is further seen that there are remarkable parallels in the expression and modes of thought, as well as in the structure and content, of medical and tragic texts. In the main part of the paper, a particular case is discussed. It is noted that the author responsible for much gynaecological and physiological material in the “Hippocratic” Corpus was familiar with tragedy of the late fifth century and that he affected conspicuously poetic patterns in composition. A comparison between the “Hippocratic” work On Diseases of Girls and Euripides Electra reveals common elements in presentation of the parthenos figure when gamos is delayed. While direct influence remains uncertain, the play can be regarded as an extended allegory based on received medical ideas: Electra is paradigmatic of any troubled parthenos, the marital solution to whose predicament is predetermined.
Les références à l'Égypte dans la Collection hippocratique
Authors: Marganne Marie-Hélène
Published: November 2021

Si Hippocrate n’a vraisemblablement jamais visité l’Égypte, la Collection hippocratique contient néanmoins de nombreuses références à celle-ci. Comme l’a remarqué naguère Simon Byl, c’est le pays étranger le plus souvent mentionné dans les traités hippocratiques, avec 78 occurrences, dont 56 se rencontrent dans les écrits gynécologiques. Poursuivant l’enquête sur les références à l’Égypte dans plusieurs écrits médicaux grecs et latins, on examine ici tous les passages de la Collection hippocratique relatifs au Pays du Nil, qu’ils mentionnent des pratiques qui y sont attestées ou des substances médicinales réputées en provenir, en vue d’évaluer, tant le savoir des médecins hippocratiques au sujet de ce pays, que l’importance et les modalités de leur recours aux productions égyptiennes.
« Guillemets » hippocratiques : fonctions de l’expression « (ce) qui est appelé… », (ὁ) καλεόμενος vel. sim., dans le texte scientifique ancien
Authors: Rousseau Nathalie
Published: November 2021

Cette étude propose une double réévaluation des fonctions de l’expression « (ce) qui est appelé… », (ὁ) καλεόμενος uel sim. La prise en compte des spécificités de la voix passive explique d’abord pourquoi, paradoxalement, Galien comme les lecteurs modernes ont pu y voir une façon de signaler un terme comme technique ou inusuel, mais aussi bien comme courant, ou encore de blâmer un terme jugé inapproprié. L’analyse du corpus complet des participes signifiant « (ce) qui est appelé » dans la Collection hippocratique (58 occurrences, accompagnant 46 termes ou locutions différents), dans leur contexte, montre ensuite la très faible part de la fonction polémique (« le/la prétendu[e]… »), contrairement à la mise en relief de termes « techniques », qui ne sert cependant pas tant au signalement de la technicité d’un terme qu’à la structuration du texte scientifique, ainsi que l’illustre la place fréquente de ces participes au début d’un développement explicatif. En dernière analyse, ces expressions, tout comme nos guillemets modernes, relèvent de la « modalisation autonymique » (J. Authier-Revuz) : elles provoquent un arrêt sur un terme à la fois employé « en usage » et « en mention », laissant ainsi au lecteur le soin d’interpréter les raisons de cet arrêt.
New testimonies to Diseases of Women I-II
Authors: Potter Paul
Published: November 2021

Two of the three independent Greek witnesses to the Hippocratic text of Diseases of Women I-II give evidence of scholarly interventions in late antiquity and/or the middle ages aimed at providing readers with an orientation to the treatises’ contents, and explanations of difficult words and passages. Marcianus Venetus Graecus 269 (middle of the tenth century) provides a unique first hand marginal numbering system in majuscules to the 61 and 57 chapters respectively of the two works, as well as majuscule chapter and other headings within its minuscule text; Vindobonensis Medicus Graecus IV (middle of the eleventh century) contains over two-hundred and fifty first hand majuscule marginal glosses and subject headings present in no other source. By studying the language and content of the original additions made in each of the two manuscripts, the author of this paper attempts to locate the scholiasts’ interventions in time, and to gain some insight into their motives and methods.
L’eredità di Ippocrate nella farmacologia
Authors: Fausti Daniela
Published: November 2021

Nei trattati ginecologici e nosologici del Corpus Hippocraticum si conserva un ricco patrimonio di materiali farmacologici, di fronte al quale i medici delle epoche successive manifestano un atteggiamento ambivalente: citano Ippocrate per dare autorevolezza alle loro opere anche se lo ritengono superato dal punto di vista scientifico. A partire dall'età ellenistica infatti si registra un grande interesse per veleni e antidoti ed un aumento notevole del numero degli ingredienti nelle ricette; ci sono innovazioni e ampliamenti negli usi delle piante medicinali (come testimoniano Dioscoride e Galeno), che rendono superfluo il rimando al vecchio ‘maestro’. A questo punto Ippocrate può essere anche oggetto di critiche (Dioscoride, Plinio, Sorano di Efeso).
Mental Health Access Background and Framework for Improvement in the Digital Era
Authors: Bumphus LaMeeya , Sneha Sweta , Thomas Dominic , Ard Will , Nandan Monica
Published: November 2021

Mental Health consists of a wide range of conditions affecting an individual’s behavior, mood, and thinking. A gap between providers and consumers exists due to the lack of resources available for online mental health access. Research shows limited information available for processing information and pursuing professional services to become healthy. The purpose of this literature review is to provide framework that contributes to Mental Health online access and improving digital therapy. Suggested approaches listed in addition to graphics that summarize the problem space and provide potential solutions.
Knowledge Sharing Among Public Health Professionals on Management of Zoonoses in Nigeria
Authors: Lakan Lydia E. , Gbaje Ezra S. , Yani Sarah D. , Meseko Clement A. , Kamani Joshua , Woma Timothy Y.
Published: November 2021

Zoonotic diseases are characterized by significant morbidity and mortality in humans. In Nigeria, tragic effects of zoonotic diseases have been reported. This calls for a sustained collaboration among public health professionals to confront the ever-increasing challenges of managing zoonotic diseases. This study explores the perception of public health professionals about knowledge sharing and the absorptive capacity of health professionals in managing zoonotic diseases. Data were collected through a semi- structured interview. The analysis was done using qualitative content analysis. Findings revealed positive perception of public health professionals about knowledge sharing in managing zoonotic. Also, the study found that Public Health professionals acquire external knowledge for managing zoonotic disease through multidisciplinary networks and professional associations. The One Health initiative is one avenue where public health professionals can leverage on the strength and capacities of each other to respond competently to emerging health threats of zoonotic diseases.
Metabolic Consequences of IgE- and Non-IgE–Mediated Mast Cell Degranulation
Authors: Mendoza Ryan P , Anderson Colin C , Fudge Dylan H , Roede James R , Brown Jared M
Published: November 2021

Mast cells are important effector cells in the immune system and undergo activation (i.e., degranulation) by two major mechanisms: IgE-mediated and non-IgE–mediated mechanisms. Although IgE-mediated degranulation is well researched, the cellular mechanisms of non-IgE–mediated mast cell activation are poorly understood despite the potential to induce similar pathophysiological effects. To better understand non-IgE mast cell degranulation, we characterized and compared cellular metabolic shifts across several mechanisms of degranulation (allergen-induced [IgE-mediated], 20 nm of silver nanoparticle-mediated [non-IgE], and compound 48/80-mediated [non-IgE]) in murine bone marrow–derived mast cells. All treatments differentially impacted mitochondrial activity and glucose uptake, suggesting diverging metabolic pathways between IgE- and non-IgE–mediated degranulation. Non-IgE treatments depleted mast cells’ glycolytic reserve, and compound 48/80 further inhibited the ability to maximize mitochondrial respiration. This cellular reprogramming may be indicative of a stress response with non-IgE treatments. Neither of these outcomes occurred with IgE-mediated degranulation, hinting at a separate programmed response. Fuel flexibility between the three primary mitochondrial nutrient sources was also eliminated in activated cells and this was most significant in non-IgE–mediated degranulation. Lastly, metabolomics analysis of bone marrow–derived mast cells following degranulation was used to compare general metabolite profiles related to energetic pathways. IgE-mediated degranulation upregulated metabolite concentrations for the TCA cycle and glycolysis compared with other treatments. In conclusion, mast cell metabolism varies significantly between IgE- and non-IgE–mediated degranulation suggesting novel cell regulatory mechanisms are potentially driving unexplored pathways of mast cell degranulation.
Flight Dynamics Simulation Modeling of a Large Flexible Tiltrotor Aircraft
Authors: Juhasz Ondrej , Celi Roberto , Tischler Mark B.
Published: November 2021

A high-order tiltrotor mathematical model is developed and validated against flight-test data for the XV-15 and simulations of a large civil tiltrotor (LCTR) concept. Rigid body and inflow states, as well as flexible wing and blade states are used in the analysis. Wing flexibility is
important when modeling large aircraft where structural modes effect the frequency range of interest for flight control, generally 1–20 rad/s. Details of the formulation of the mathematical model are given, including derivation of structural, aerodynamic, and inertial loads. A novel
"quasi-multibody" approach, based on numerical kinematics but without equations of constraints, allows the modeling of complex, flexible aircraft configurations in an easy to set up, and computationally very efficient manner. Assessments of the effects of wing flexibility are given. Flexibility
effects are also evaluated by looking at the nature of the couplings between rigid body modes and wing structural modes.
Assessment of Endothelial Dysfunction by Brachial Artery Flow-Mediated Dilatation in Postmenopausal Women at Low Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Sharad Piyushi , Agarwal Neha , Chopra Seema , Jain Vanita , Sikka Pooja , Bahl Ajay , Gaba Nayana
Published: November 2021

Objective:

The objective is to compare endothelial dysfunction measured by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD) in nonobese, nondiabetic post-menopausal women with their age-matched menstruating controls and to identify the correlation of BAFMD with Framingham risk score (FRS) and with the individual parameters of FRS in low-risk women.

Methods:

This study was done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chandigarh, India, for 1 year. Fifty postmenopausal and 50 menstruating females aged 45–55 years who were nondiabetic and nonobese and were low risk according to FRS were selected as cases and controls, respectively. All cases and controls were age-matched. The diameter of the brachial artery and the blood flow in it was measured at rest. Ischemia was produced and released after 5 min. The maximum blood flow velocity diameter of the brachial artery was measured. After 10 min of reactive hyperemia, 400 μg of sublingual nitrate was given, and vasodilatation mediated by nitroglycerine was subsequently measured.

Results:

Menopause did not have any significant effect on the endothelial dysfunction as measured by the brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (P = 0.74) but did influence vascular smooth muscle as measured by nitroglycerine-mediated dilatation (P = 0.028). A significant correlation was found between flow-mediated dilatation with FRS helps us conclude that flow-mediated dilation is a reliable tool to estimate the cardiovascular risk (P < 0.001). A strong correlation was found between nitroglycerine-mediated dilatation and flow-mediated dilatation, demonstrating that both endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle are interrelated (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Menopause did not affect endothelial function, but it has a significant effect on vascular smooth muscle function. To know the effect of longer duration of menopause on vascular function in elderly women further studies with large number of postmenopausal women of different duration of menopause, may be needed.
The core entropy for polynomials of higher degree
Authors: Gao Yan , Tiozzo Giulio
Published: November 2021

As defined by W. Thurston, the
core entropy
of a polynomial is the entropy of the restriction to its Hubbard tree. For each

d \geq 2

, we study the core entropy as a function on the parameter space of polynomials of degree

d

, and prove it varies continuously both as a function of the combinatorial data and of the coefficients of the polynomials. This confirms a conjecture of W. Thurston.
Antifreeze Water-Rich Dormant Cysts of the Terrestrial Ciliate Colpoda cucullus Nag-1 at −65 ℃: Possible Involvement of Ultra-Antifreeze Polysaccharides
Authors: Matsuoka Tatsuomi , Sogame Yoichiro , Nakamura Rikiya , Hasegawa Yuya , Arikawa Mikihiko , Suizu Futoshi
Published: November 2021

We found that the water-rich (osmolality below 0.052 Osm/l) wet resting cysts of the soil ciliate Colpoda cucullus Nag-1 were tolerant to extremely low temperature (−65℃). When cell fluid obtained from the resting cysts was cooled at −65℃, small particles of ice crystals did not grow into large ice crystals. At −65℃, the cysts shrank due to an outflow of water, because a vapor pressure difference was produced between the cell interior and freezing surrounding medium. The osmolality of these shrunk cells was estimated 0.55 Osm/l, and the freezing point depression of the shrunk cell fluid was estimated to be 1.02℃. Hence, the antifreeze ability of wet cysts at −65℃can not be explained by freezing point depression due to elevation of cytoplasmic osmolality.

The cytoplasm of resting cysts was vividly stained red with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and stained purple with toluidine blue. On the other hand, the excystment-induced cysts were not stained with PAS, and exhibited a loss of the antifreeze activity. PAS staining of SDSPAGE gel obtained from encysting Colpoda cells showed that a large amount of PAS-positive macromolecules accumulated as the encystment stage progressed. These results suggest that antifreeze polysaccharides may be involved in the antifreeze activity of C. cucullus Nag-1 dormant forms.
Host Range of Cyclospora Species: Zoonotic Implication
Authors: Solarczyk Piotr
Published: November 2021

Cyclospora is an intracellular, gastrointestinal parasite found in birds and mammals worldwide. Limited accessibility of the protozoan for experimental use, scarcity, genome heterogeneity of the isolates and narrow panel of molecular markers hamper zoonotic investigations. One of the significant limitation in zoonotic studies is the lack of precise molecular tools that would be useful in linking animal vectors as a source of human infection. Strong and convincing evidence of zoonotic features will be achieved through proper typing of Cyclospora spp. taxonomic units (e.g. species or genotypes) in animal reservoirs. The most promising method that can be employ for zoonotic surveys is next-generation sequencing.
Archiwum Państwowe w Lublinie. Oddział w Radzyniu Podlaskim w latach 1952–2017
Authors: Bosko Maciej , Korulczyk Szczepan
Published: November 2021

Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą charakterystyki działalności Archiwum Państwowego w Lublinie Oddział w Radzyniu Podlaskim. Poruszono zagadnienia dotyczące historii oddziału radzyńskiego, a także jego poprzednika, Powiatowego Archiwum Państwowego w Łukowie. Ponadto przedstawia kwestie organizacji instytucji, realizowanych przez nią zadań, przechowywanego zasobu oraz umiejscowienia jej w strukturze Archiwum Państwowego w Lublinie. Tekst przybliża wynikający z ustawy o narodowym zasobie archiwalnym i archiwach zakres zadań oddziału oraz jego ważniejsze osiągnięcia w dziedzinie popularyzacji i działalności naukowej. Wskazuje również na istotną rolę instytucji jako ośrodka kulturotwórczego regionu.

The Lublin State Archives Branch in Radzyń Podlaski in 1952–2017
The present article is an attempt to characterize the activity of the Radzyń Podlaski Branch of the State Archives in Lublin. The paper discusses the issues concerning the history of the Branch in Radzyń Podlaski and its predecessor – the District State Archives in Łuków. In addition, it presents the issues of the organization of this institution, implementation of its tasks, storage of the holdings, and its position in the structure of the State Archives in Lublin. The article presents the scope of tasks of the Branch, resulting from the Act on National Archive Resources and Archives, and its most important achievements in popularization and scientific activities. It also highlights the important role of the institution as a culture-forming center.