bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS SITUASI UPAYA PERCEPATAN PENURUNAN STUNTING DENGANPENDEKATAN KELUARGA BERISIKO STUNTING (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Jombang Jawa Timur)
Authors: Fatmaningrum Widati , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu , Raikhani Agus , Utomo Budi , Masluchah Luluk , Patmawati
Published: April 2023

Stunting adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat sehingga pemerintah mentargetkan prevalensi stunting turun menjadi 14 % pada tahun 2024. Jumlah keluarga berisiko stunting juga masih tinggi yaitu mencapai 21,9 juta berdasarkan pendataan keluarga (PK 21). Stunting adalah anak balita dengan nilai z-score kurang dari -2.00 SD/standar deviasi (stunted) dan kurang dari -3.00 SD (severely stunted). Keluarga berisiko stunting adalah keluarga yang memiliki satu atau lebih faktor risiko stunting yang terdiri dari keluarga yang memiliki anak remaja puteri/calon pengantin/Ibu Hamil/anak usia 0 – 23 bulan/anak usia 24 – 59 bulan berasal dari keluarga miskin, pendidikan orang tua rendah, sanitasi lingkungan buruk, dan air minum tidak layak. Untuk menurunkan stunting diperlukan intervensi spesifik sebesar 30 % dan intervensi sensitive sebesar 70 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor pendukung dalam upaya percepatan penurunan stunting dengan pendekatan keluarga berisiko stunting di Kabupaten Jombang Jawa Timur. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan rancangan studi kasus dan jenis data adalah primer dan sekunder. Sasaran program adalah ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, anak usia 0-23 bulan, remaja putri dan wanita usia subur serta anak usia 24-59 bulan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan kasus stunting dari tahun 2020 ke tahun 2021 di Kabupaten Jombang dengan strategi yang diterapkan adalah edukasi kesehatan melalui kemandirian keluarga, gerakan masyarakat hidup sehat, gerakan seribu hari pertama kehidupan dan revitalisasi Posyandu. Keberhasilan program ini berkat dukungan dari kebijakan Pemerintah Kabupaten Jombang dan melibatkan berbagai Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD).
PROFIL PENGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR DI KECAMATAN PUJER, KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Aditya Dwi Martha Nur , Boengas Sawitri , Suryadinata Rivan Virlando , Prawitasari Dita Sukmaya , Santosa Winnie Nirmala
Published: April 2023

Program keluarga berencana telah menjadi salah satu cara dalam mengatur jarak kehamilan dalam suatu keluarga. Hal ini perlu dilakukan karena kehamilan yang tidak direncanakan akan memberikan dampak negatif bagi anak, terutama dalam fase tumbuh kembangnya. Salah satu program keluarga berencana adalah mencanangkan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi. Berbagai jenis alat kontrasepsi telah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia dalam rangka menyukseskan program keluarga berencana, tanpa terkecuali kabupaten Bondowoso. Oleh karena itu, peneliti menetapkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi penggunaan alat kontrasepsi di kecamatan Pujer, Bondowoso. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan memaparkan data prevalensi penggunaan alat kontrasepsi di kecamatan Pujer melalui data Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) pada tahun 2019 dan 2021. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diketahui bahwa penggunaan alat kontrasepsi yang sering digunakan adalah suntik dan per oral pada lebih dari separuh wanita usia subur yang telah menikah. Dari hasil analisis tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa wanita usia subur di wilayah kecamatan Pujer lebih sering menggunakan alat kontrasepsi berupa suntik dan per oral dibandingkan alat kontrasepsi lainnya.
Buang Air Sembarangan dan Stunting
Authors: Soesanti Inne Soesanti , Shofiya Dian , Winarko Winarko , Mujayanto Mujayanto , Rahmania Rahmania
Published: April 2023

Desa Mergosari, Kecamatan Singgahan, Kabupaten Tuban mempunyai prevalensi balita stunting sebesar 25,7%  pada tahun 2022. Salah satu faktor penyebab stunting adalah rendahnya Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di desa mergosari.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Informan dipilih secara purposif. Informan terdiri dari perangkat desa, bidan dan kader Posyandu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara melalui diskusi kelompok fokus dan observasi terkait penggunaan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Analisa data dilakukan dengan cara triangulasi data.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih banyak warga desa yang melakukan buang air besar sembarangan seperti di tanah rerumputan meskipun mereka sudah mempunyai jamban atau closet di rumahnya.  Buang air besar di rerumputan sudah dilakukan oleh warga masyarakat sejak dahulu bahkan dari generasi ke generasi. Hal ini menunjukkan perilaku tersebut sudah menjadi budaya.  Buang air besar sembarangan dapat mengakibatkan banyaknya lalat dan cacing.  Perilaku ini dapat menimbulkan resiko penyakit cacingan terutama jika anak-anak tidak menggunakan alas kaki ketika bermain di rumah serta tidak mencuci tangan dan kaki setelah bermain di luar rumah. Makanan tidak ditutupi oleh tutup saji akan dihinggapi oleh lalat dan dapat mengakibatkan diare. 
Perilaku buang air besar sembarangan telah menjadi budaya.
Rekomendasi bagi pemerintah setempat supaya mengubah perilaku masyarakat untuk  tidak melakukan buang air besar sembarangan sebagai upaya pencegahan stunting.
SINERGI LINTAS SEKTOR DALAM PERCEPATAN PENURUNAN STUNTING DI KABUPATEN NGANJUK, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Imron Ali , Yanuar Dini Cleonara , Arya Pratama Satwika , Kurniawan Aziz Udin , Mudiyah Siti , Herowati Diyah , Indri Hartanti Fonny
Published: April 2023

Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia. Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (2021) mencatat, prevalensi stunting di Kabupaten Nganjuk mencapai 25,3%. Penanganan stunting harus melibatkan komitmen bersama dan peran lintas sektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peran sosial lintas sektoral dalam percepatan penurunan stunting di Kabupaten Nganjuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep collaborative governance Ansell & Gash sebagai pisau bedah analisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui teknik wawancara model focus group discussion kepada aparat desa, bidan dan penyuluh KB. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa peran sosial antar aktor dalam konteks tata kelola kolaboratif cukup efektif dalam mempercepat penurunan stunting di Kabupaten Nganjuk. Pemerintah desa berperan dalam merumuskan kebijakan penganggaran melalui alokasi dana desa untuk mendukung program tersebut. Bidan dan penyuluh KB bekerja sama merumuskan program yang efektif untuk disampaikan pada musyawarah perencanaan pembangunan desa. Pendampingan terhadap keluarga stunting dan berisiko stunting terus dilakukan melalui peran serta aktif bidan dan Tim Pendamping Keluarga. Kendala yang dialami pelaku sinergi lintas sektor dalam percepatan penurunan stunting adalah konstruksi pengetahuan dan perilaku orangtua tentang pola asuh anak yang masih lemah. Oleh karena itu, dalam memperkuat implementasi tata kelola kolaboratif dalam percepatan pengurangan stunting, diperlukan persamaan persepsi dan motivasi bersama yang kuat diantara para aktor sosial yang terlibat. Selanjutnya capacity for joint action, dimana setiap aktor terlibat dalam kegiatan kerjasama untuk meningkatkan kapasitas diri dan inklusivitas peran untuk mencapai tujuan bersama.
POTRET PERSEPSI NILAI GENDER DALAM PROGRAM PERCEPATAN PENURUNAN STUNTING DI DESA SUKOJEMBER, KECAMATAN JELBUK, KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Rahmawati Atik , Baroya Ni mal , Permatasari Elok , Nurika Globila , Yusi Ratnawati Leersia
Published: April 2023

Desa Sukojember merupakan lokasi fokus dalam penurunan angka stunting di Kabupaten Jember. Komitmen dan partisipasi aktif pelaksana dalam mencapai tujuan menjadi faktor penting dalam keberhasilan program. Realitas yang terjadi menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan tidak berjalan karena pelaksana merasa malu menjalankan perannya. Sikap ini dipengaruhi oleh persepsi gender bahwa kegiatan penurunan stuting lebih pada urusan rumah tangga, sehingga perempuan dianggap lebih memahami. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi perspektif peran gender dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan percepatan penurunan stunting. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Kegiatan tersinergi dengan pendampingan percepatan penurunan stunting yang dilakukan oleh Universitas Jember bekerjasama dengan Badan Koordinator Keluarga Berencana Nasional Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2022. Penggalian data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan diskusi kelompok terarah pada 12 informan pelaksana. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan purposive dari Tim Percepatan Penurunan Stunting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi peran gender dibentuk dari faktor internal, berupa anggapan pribadi pelaksana, bahwa kegiatan penurunan angka stunting adalah persoalan domestik keluarga, sehingga perempuan dipandang lebih bertanggungjawab. Faktor eksternal dilatarbelakangi oleh budaya Madura, yang beranggapan bahwa tradisi dari penerapan nilai-nilai kultural yang masih fokus pada budaya patriarki. Persepsi dikuatkan oleh adanya dominasi pengurus berjenis kelamin perempuan yaitu 8 dari 12 pelaksana. Persepsi berpengaruh terhadap percepatan penurunan stunting yang ditunjukkan dengan kegiatan kampung keluarga berkualitas yang tidak pernah dilakukan di desa.
Kampanye Partisipatory Anti-Stunting dengan Menggunakan Sosial Media Tiktok di Jawa Timur
Authors: Bunga Farida  , Siti Rahayu Nadhiroh  , Edi Dwi Riyanto  , Mochammad Bagus Qomaruddin  , Shrimarti Rukmini Devy  , Emy Trisna Juwita
Published: April 2023

Paper ini menjelaskan mengenai Model Participatory Actions Research ( Penelitian Tindakan ) sebagai salah satu metode penelitian dalam kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam upaya penurunan angka stunting di Jawa Timur. Penelitian  ini melibatkan Partisipasi masyarakat secara aktif  berupa pembuatan video tiktok yang berisi ajakan kepada warga untuk melakukan berbagai Tindakan pencegahan stunting. Sampel yang digunakan berupa 360 video tiktok yang dibuat oleh warga desa dari 180 desa di 18 Kabupaten di Jawa Timur. Masing-masing sampel akan ditabulasi dari aspek demografis, konten video, dan sumber daya yang dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi video. Hasil tabulasi akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan model Participatory Action Research untuk menentukan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat apakah sudah sampai tingkat subyek, pelaku, atau pemimpin kampanye. Model partisipatory Action Research ini berkaitan dengan penelitian tindakan yang akan menghasilkan formula yang sesuai dengan bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam melakukan upaya penurunan angka stunting.
 
Kata kunci: Participatory Action Research, kampanye, anti stunting, warga desa
Diversification of local products based on Wet Protein Isolate of Catfish (Clarias Sp) as a protein source to prevent stunting
Authors: Patmawati  , Trilaksani Wini , Fatmaningrum Widati , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu
Published: April 2023

Stunting is a condition of failure to grow and develop in children due to lack of nutritional intake for a long time. This is a major threat in realizing quality Indonesian human resources. The consumption of animal protein in Indonesia is at least 6 kg/capita/day. Therefore, a food diversification program is needed to meet the needs of animal protein, especially those sourced from fish. One of the aquaculture commodities that has a very large opportunity to be developed in the context of fulfilling the nutrition of the Indonesian people is catfish. Therefore, the use of oversized catfish as an ingredient for the manufacture of local products in the form of cendol has the potential to be developed to increase protein content. This study aims to determine the formulation of a dessert (cendol) based on wet protein isolate (surimi) of catfish. The concentration of surimi used in the preliminary study was 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60%. The resulting product is then characterized by organoleptic, chemical, and biological characteristics. The results of the proximate test in the main study showed that the higher the percentage of surimi used, the higher the protein content of cendol products. The results of the commercial cendol proximate test, and surimi-based cendol with the addition of 25%, 30%, and 35% surimi percentages were 1.24%, 4.13%, 4.74% and 5.47%, respectively. During 8 days of storage at 6oC there was a decline in product quality as seen from all test parameters on cendol products.
MANAGEMENT OF FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN AL AZHAR 12 ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL RAWAMANGUN EAST JAKARTA
Authors: Soraya Evitha , Supadi Supadi
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the management of facilities and infrastructure as seen from the planning, procurement, and elimination of educational facilities and infrastructure in Al Azhar 12 Islamic Middle School, East Jakarta. This research was conducted in early January to January 2020. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques are done by interview, observation, and study documentation. Sources of data from this study are the Principal, Deputy Principal, Facilities and Infrastructure Staff, Laboratory Staff of Natural Sciences.

            The results of the study concluded that; (1) planning educational facilities and infrastructure include: making needs analysis, setting priorities by holding work meetings (RAKER) in schools, preparing budgets, and ratifying the RAPBS, (2) procurement of educational facilities and infrastructure including: submitting a letter of request for procurement of goods to foundations, foundations and schools revisit the specifications of goods and available budgets, the purchasing department surveys the price of goods and makes purchase orders (PO) to suppliers, purchases vouchers, purchases, distributes goods, and (3) maintenance is self awareness respectively.
ANALISIS SUPERVISI KLINIS PENGAWAS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI DI KECAMATAN MEGANG SAKTI
Authors: Ryza Kusuma Agita
Published: April 2023

This thesis analyzes the supervisors' clinical supervision in enhancing the managerial competence of the principals of public primary schools in the district of Megang Sakti. The purpose of this study was to analyze the supervisors' clinical supervision in enhancing managerial competence of public elementary school principals in the district of Megang Sakti in terms of the role of supervisors, supervisors guidance, and improvement of the principal's managerial competence after clinical supervision. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The location of this research was conducted at the supervisory office in the education sector of Megang Sakti sub-district and in five public elementary schools in Megang Sakti sub-district. The subjects in this study were two supervisors, five school principals, and five public elementary school teachers in the district holding the magic.

The conclusion of this research is related to the role of supervisors in providing services to school principals need to conduct an intensive evaluation of supervision conducted both structured and systematic. The analysis related to supervisors conducted by supervisors is viewed from the aspects of supervising, guiding, monitoring, coordinating, and evaluating supervisors, but the methods and strategies have not been optimal, so they must be improved to be more optimal, especially in the aspects of guiding, evaluating and following up. Clinical supervision by supervisors in increasing the managerial competence of school principals has increased, but there is a need for evaluations and follow-up for supervisors regarding supervisors' methods and strategies in conducting guidance to school principals.
PENGARUH QUALITY OF WORK LIFE (QWL) DAN IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU DI SEKOLAH DASAR GLOBAL PRESTASI SCHOOL BEKASI BARAT
Authors: RasFadilla
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The objective of the research is finding out the effect of quality of work and organizational climate on the teacher’s employee performance. The research was conducted at Global Prestasi School in North Bekasi.  The research was using a survey method with path analysis applied in the hypothesis and 100 respondents. The research techniques are analysis with quantitative research approaches by using causal analysis. The finding of the research is: 1) there is a positive direct effect of quality of work life on employee performance; 2) there is a positive direct effect of organizational climate on employee performance; 3) there is a positive direct effect of quality of work life on organizational climate. Result the of the research show that quality of work life and organizational climate has impact to job performance with sign = 0,000 or sig < 0,05
STRATEGI PEMASARAN SEKOLAH MELALUI PELIBATAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM KEGIATAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Sunarni Sunarni , Adha Maulana Amirul , Agustina Ayu Rizky Amalia , Lutfi Mokhamad Zulfikar , Octaviani Rusma Indri , Safitri Septiani Eka
Published: April 2023

The objectives of this research are: (1) to assess the strategies used in improving public image; (2) assessing the suitability of organizational goals with the strategies used; (3) assessing the effectiveness of the organization in implementing the strategy; and (4) provide recommendations to leaders in improving the weaknesses of the strategies used. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach, with interview and observation data collection techniques. The research was conducted at SMA Panjura Malang City with the key informant, namely the principal, with the teacher as additional informants. The results of this study indicate that to improve the public image of the school is to publish about the excellence of the school. The strategy used by the school is also very suitable for the purpose of publication to attract enthusiasts to attend SMA Panjura Malang City. In addition, the strategy used for the publication program was very effective. This can be proven by the progress of the number of interested students. The community in implementing the public relations program at SMA Panjura Malang City also provides criticism and suggestions to the school so that this program can be carried out effectively and efficiently.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Pembelajaran IPA Terpadu Tema Lingkungan
Authors: Samsul Amarila Raula , Subali Bambang , Saptono Sigit
Published: April 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi keterampilan berpikir siswa pada pembelajaran IPA terpadu tema Lingkungan. Proses pembelajaran IPA tepadu akan tercapai tujuan yang diharapkan jika kemampuan awal siswa dalam hal keterampilan berpikir kritis sudah diketahui sebelumnya. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pengolahan statistik. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 15 Suarakarta sejumlah 32 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa berupa soal tes pilihan ganda berjumlah 15 butir, dengan indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis diantaranya (1) memberikan penjelasan sederhana, (2) membangun keterampilan dasar, (3)menyimpulkan, (4) memberikan penjelasan lebih lanjut, dan (5) strategi dan teknik. Hasil penelitian pada pokok bahasan klasifikasi materi dan perubahannya menunjukkan indkator kemampuan memberikan penjelasan lebih lanjut memiliki persentase paling rendah sedangkan kemampuan memberikan penjelasan sederhana memiliki persentase paling tinggi
Supervisi Pendidikan Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kinerja Guru Sd Negeri Di Suku Dinas Pendidikan Wilayah I Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur
Authors: Carman Emon
Published: April 2023

Kegiatan supervisi pendidikan sangat dibutuhkan oleh guru, karena bagi guru yang melayani siswa setiap hari tidak ada yang lebih mengetahui kekurangan dan kelebihan dalam melakukan pembelajaran, kecuali Kepala Sekolah tempat guru tersebut berada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelaksanaan supervisi terhadap Kualitas layanan guru. Metode penelitian yang dipilih menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan korelasional. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat 115 orang sampel guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri yang dipilih berdasarkan teknik random sampling. Berdasarkan deskripsi uji hipotesis di atas, diperoleh hasil temuan penelitian yaitu terdapat pengaruh langsung yang signifikan antara supervisi dengan kualitas layanan guru,. Implikasi yang didapat dari penelitian ini yaitu upaya dalam meningkatkan kualitas layanan guru dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kualitas supervisi.
EARLY DIAGENESIS OF SEEDS ASSOCIATED WITH LIMESTONES SOILS
Authors: BRANCO FRESIA RICARDI , CALLEFO FLAVIA , ZEZZI ARRUDA MARCO AURELIO , DE SOUSA PESSÔA GUSTAVO , FRANCA BARRETO ALCINA MAGNÓLIA , GHILARDI ALINE MARCELE , MALDANIS LARA , DA SILVA LÓBO DO NASCIMENTO LUIZ RICARDO
Published: April 2023

Early diagenesis of fossil plants, especially of their reproductive structures, provides essential information about the evolution of the group. In this study, we describe the morphology and early fossil diagenesis of isolated eudicot seeds collected in neosols (entisols) derived from limestones of Romualdo Formation, Araripe Basin, Brazil. They were studied using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the imaging mode. The seeds were three-dimensionally preserved with volumes ranging from 10.16 to 18.57 mm3. The morphology and anatomy are described, and the specimens are identified as Fabidae seeds. It is known that Fabidae arose in the mid-late Cretaceous, so the seeds were considered diachronic to the paleobiota from the Romualdo Formation, not belonging to this stratigraphy. Based on the spectrometric intensities of the mapped elements, such as C, Fe, Si, and Cu, intensity images were elaborated on these elements on the surface and inside the seeds. The maps indicated higher intensities of C, Fe, Si, and Cu in the seed tissues than those in modern seeds, suggesting an early stage of diagenesis. The calcareous sandstones of the Romualdo Formation may have contributed charged ions carried by meteoric water and groundwater, and they later precipitated in the organic tissues, triggering the start of diagenesis in the soil.
A Practical-Quantum Differential Attack on Block Ciphers
Authors: Yadav Tarun , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Amit , Pal S K
Published: April 2023

Differential attack is a basic cryptanalysis method for block ciphers that exploits the high probability relations between the input and output differences. The existing work in quantum differential cryptanalysis of block ciphers is focused on resource estimation to recover the last round subkeys on the basis of relations constructed using classical methods. To find such relations using quantum computing, we propose a method to search the high probability differential and impossible differential characteristics. The method explores all possible input and output difference pairs using superposition of qubits. The proposed method is used to design the quantum circuit to search the differential characteristics for a toy cipher smallGIFT. We execute the quantum circuit on a quantum simulator to get differential and impossible characteristics. These characteristics are validated with the characteristics obtained using branch-and-bound based method. The differential characteristic is used to mount quantum key recovery attack using Grover's search. We provide the estimation of quantum resources to search the differential characteristics of lightweight block cipher GIFT-64 on a quantum computer.
Proteome-wide Analysis of lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation shed new light on the carbon metabolism of waterlogged summer maize (Zea mays) leaves
Authors: Hu Juan , Ren Baizhao , Chen Yuhai , Liu Peng , Zhao Bin , zhang jiwang
Published: April 2023

A randomized block experiment with two treatments: control and waterlogging for 6 days at the sixth leaf stage, was conducted to further investigate the mechanism of waterlogging-induced damages on carbon metabolism of summer maize from the aspect of Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation and proteomic. In this study, waterlogging increased the metabolism of sucrose and starch, promoting the accumulation of carbohydrates in leaves. Additionally, waterlogging increased the lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation of leaves. The correlation of carbohydrate content, photosynthesis, and lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation suggested that lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation may participate in negative feedback of carbohydrate to photosynthesis. Moreover, waterlogging mediated the lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation of proteins participating in modulating the structure and dynamics of thylakoid membrane. Accordingly, the ultrastructure of chloroplast including the grana number (-23.7%), lamellae height (-20.6%) and diameter (+24.1%), were significantly affected by waterlogging. More in detail, the photoreaction centers per unit area (-14.1%) and the transmission light energy per photoreaction center (-9.8%) of waterlogged summer maize were decreased, while the dissipation light energy per photoreaction center was increased (+27.5%) compared with that of CK. These results suggested that lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation was widely involved in regulating the structure and function of chloroplast, thus disturbing plant carbon metabolic process and reducing plant adaptation to the environment.
Single molecule long-read eccDNA sequencing reveals unambiguous and selective transposon activation in Arabidopsis in response to stress, cellular state, and epigenetic processes
Authors: Zaidi Syed Shan-e-Ali , Shakir Sara , Mehta Devang , Nguyen Vu , Gutzat Ruben , Vanderschuren Herve
Published: April 2023

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has been described in a number of eukaryotic species, and their presence has been shown to enable gene amplification in phenomena as diverse as cancer and herbicide tolerance. A potential role for eccDNA is to serve as a means for transposon mobilization within the genome. However, most eccDNA studies in plants to date have been based on short-read sequencing data which fails at unambiguously identifying true eccDNA forms of genetic and transposable elements. Here, we report the first atlas of full-length eccDNAs for Arabidopsis using the Cider-Seq pipeline based on long-read sequencing of single molecules. Our dataset was validated by analysing eccDNAs of heat-stressed plants, thereby sequencing full-length eccDNA forms of the well-known heat-responsive ONSEN transposon. Our results show that more evolutionarily recent loci of ONSEN transposon produce greater numbers of eccDNAs upon heat-stress. We identified eccDNAs generated from loci of the transposon superfamily RC/Helitron as the most abundant eccDNAs in Arabidopsis. Profiling of eccDNAs from two cell types displaying altered DNA methylation patterns enabled the identification of new active TE loci such as VANDAL5A, ATCOPIA58 and ATREP19 in the shoot apical meristem, and ATCOPIA53, ENDOVIR1 and TA11 in calli tissues. Unexpectedly analysis of mutants in the DNA methylation pathways revealed that eccDNA formation from several retrotransposon loci is induced in the absence of active DNA demethylase ROS1. Together, our study provides an important resource to investigate the function of eccDNAs and the impact of DNA methylation in their regulation.
Genome-wide identification of CUC gene family and functional analysis of HcCUC1 in kenaf
Authors: Wu Qijing , Chen Canni , Yue Jiao , Cao Shan , Li Xin , Wang Meng , Zhang Hui , Wu Xia , Wang Caijin , Luo Dengjie , Chen Peng
Published: April 2023

CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) is a plant-specific transcription factor that plays an important regulatory role in many aspects of plant growth and development. However, its role in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is largely unknown. In this study, we identified six CUCgenes from the kenaf genome and performed bioinformatics analysis. Conserved motif and gene structure analysis showed that the kenaf HcCUC genes had similar conserved motifs and highly conserved gene structure. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the six HcCUC genes could be divided into two categories: homologous to CUC2 or CUC3 of other species. Collinearity analysis showed that 6 pairs of syntenic gene pairs were formed between HcCUCgenes, and 8 pairs of homologous gene pairs were formed with three AtCUC genes of Arabidopsis. Tissue specificexpressions of the HcCUC genes was analyzed by using transcriptome data. The results showed that the HcCUC genes were differentially expressed in various tissues, mainly in the leaves of the seedling stage, buds of the mature period, and anthers at the dual-core period. Overexpression of HcCUC1 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased cotyledon length, petiole absence, and a significant increase in the number of rosette leaves and lateral branches. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that the HcCUC1 might affect leaf or lateral branch development by up-regulating the expression of auxin-related genes (YUC2, YUC4, PIN1, PIN3, PIN4) and leaf shape-related genes (KNAT2, KNAT6); In addition, overexpression HcCUC1down-regulated the expression of flowering-related genes (FT, AP1, LFY, FUL) caused the flowering delay. Taken together, these results suggest that HcCUC1 is involved in regulating leaf and lateral branch growth and development and flowering time, which can help us to understand the function and genetic regulation of HcCUC genes.
Degradation of Ibuprofen in flow-through system by the Electro-Fenton Process activated by two iron sources
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Cui Jiaxin , Sarrouf Stephanie , Hojabri Shayan , Alshawabkeh Akram N
Published: April 2023

The electrochemical degradation of ibuprofen (IBP) by electro-Fenton process has been studied in a flow-through system by evaluating the performance of two different iron sources, sacrificial cast iron anode and FeSO4 salt. The effect of operating conditions, including initial IBP concentration, cast iron anode location, initial FeSO4 concentration, applied current, the split current on the iron anode, solution pH, and flow rate on the efficacy of the process was evaluated. The sequence of the electrodes significantly influences ibuprofen removal. When using cast iron anode as iron source, placing the iron anode upstream achieved the best IBP removal rate. Split current of 3 mA applied on the iron anode out of 120 mA total current is the optimum current for remove 1 mg/L of IBP under a flow rate of 3 mL/min. There is a linear correlation between the applied current and the Fe2+ concentration in the FeSO4-system. The initial IBP concentration does not influence the rate of Fenton reaction. Flow rate influences the degradation efficiency as high flow rate dilutes the concentration of OH radicals in the electrolyte. FeSO4-system was less affected by the flow rate compared to the iron anode-system as the concentration of the Fe2+ was steady and not diluted by the flow rate. Both systems prefer acidic operation conditions than neutral and alkaline conditions. Iron-anode can be used as an external Fe2+ supply for the treatment for iron-free. These findings contribute in several ways to our understanding of the electro-Fenton process under flow conditions and provide a basis for how to design the reactor for the water treatment.
Mentalizing in a Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) : The Validation in a Taiwanese Sample
Authors: Huang Yu-Lien , Chen Tzu-Ting , Tseng Huai-Hsuan
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometrics properties of a sensitive video-based test for the evaluation of mentalizing: The Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition - Taiwanese version (MASC-TW). We recruited two independent samples of nonclinical participants (N = 167) and adult patients with schizophrenia (N = 41). The MASC-TW and two other social cognition measures, including the Chinese version of Theory of Mind task (ToM) and the Taiwanese version of the Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy-2 (DANAV-TW-2), and an executive function measure of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), were administered to both groups. The MASC proved to be a reliable measure of mentalizing capacity, with Cronbach’s α values was .87. The intraclass correlation coefficient of the MASC-TW total correct scores was .85 across three waves of administration. In whole sample, the MASC scores correlated significantly with the verbal and nonverbal scores of the ToM task and facial and prosodic emotion recognition of DANAV-TW-2. And a causal linkage from executive function to cognitive and affective mentalizing via emotional recognition was found. Finally, in schizophrenia patients, a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis identified the MASC as discriminating the diagnostic groups most accurately, highlighting the validity of the MASC. As a whole, The MASC-TW is an ecologically valid and useful tool for assessing mentalizing in a Taiwanese population.
A new flexible model for maintenance and feeding expenses that improves description of individual growth in insects
Authors: Mauritsson Karl , Jonsson Tomas
Published: April 2023

Metabolic theories in ecology interpret ecological patterns at different levels through the lens of metabolism, typically applying allometric scaling to describe energy use. This requires a sound theory for individual metabolism. Common mechanistic growth models, such as ‘von Bertalanffy’, ‘dynamic energy budgets’ and the ‘ontogenetic growth model’ lack some potentially important aspects, especially regarding regulation of somatic maintenance. We develop a model for ontogenetic growth of animals, applicable to ad libitum and food limited conditions, based on an energy balance that expresses growth as the net result of assimilation and metabolic costs for maintenance, feeding and food processing. The most important contribution is the division of maintenance into a ‘non-negotiable’ and a ‘negotiable’ part, potentially resulting in hyperallometric scaling of maintenance and lowered maintenance under food restriction. Furthermore, the model may account for effects of body composition and type of growth at the cellular level, and is unique in its ability to capture the unusual pattern of increased growth rate under food restriction observed in some insects. Our model is evaluated by comparing its fit to data for house crickets with that of common mechanistic growth models. Unlike the latter, our model was able to capture the empirical growth patterns.
“Association between number of remaining teeth and incident depression in a rural Chilean Cohort”
Authors: Ortuño Duniel , Martinez Constanza , Caneo Constanza
Published: April 2023

Objectives Previous studies have established an association between tooth loss and depression. However, longitudinal evidence is scarce and needs to be verified in other populations. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between the number of remaining teeth and incident depression at 2- and 4-years follow-up in individuals enrolled in the Maule cohort (MAUCO) in Chile. Methods This prospective study used the information of individuals, aged 38 to 74 years, excluding those with depression at baseline. The number of remaining teeth at baseline was determined in four groups: “20 or more teeth”, “10 to 19 teeth”, “1 to 9 teeth” and “no natural teeth”. Depression was measured through the PHQ-9. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (OR) for incidence depression at both periods of follow-ups, adjusting for age, sex, educational attainment, diabetes mellitus II, and stressful events at follow-up. Also, we performed adjusted multinomial logistic models to analysis the association between the number of remaining teeth and depression severity. Results In total individuals (n = 3335 at follow 1, n = 2461 at follow 2), all groups have ORs for incident depression above 1 when considering 20 or more teeth. In men, those with 10–19 teeth have 2.44 times higher odds of incident depression than those with 20 or more teeth (OR 2.44, CI 95% 1.33–4.50). Edentulous subjects at 4 years follow-up had 2.24 times higher odds of depression than those with more than 20 teeth. (OR 2.24 CI 95%1.35–3.72). In women, the ORs (CI 95%) of incident depression were 2.56 (1.50–4.39), 1.56 (1.02–2.40) and 1.27 (0.90–1.81) for “none”, “1–9”, “10–19” respectively in comparison to the reference group. In edentulous individuals at baseline, the odds for each of the comparisons "mild vs no", "moderate vs no", "moderately severe vs no" and "severe vs no" were above 1, at both follow-ups. Conclusion Individuals with less than 20 teeth in the mouth could had higher odds of incident depression at 2- and 4-years follow-up. In our study edentulism was associated with increased odds of incident depression at 4-years follow-up, and with higher levels of severity of depressive symptoms.
Validation of a Non-invasive Prenatal Test for Fetal RhD, C, c, E, Kell and FyA Antigens.
Authors: Alford Brian , Landry Brian P , Hou Sarah , Bower Xavier , Bueno Anna M , Chen Drake , Husic Brooke , Cantonwine David E , McElrath Thomas F , Carozza Jacqueline , Wynn Julia , Hoskovec Jennifer , Gray Kathryn J
Published: April 2023

We developed and validated a next generation sequencing (NGS) based NIPT assay using quantitative counting template (QCT) technology to detect RhD, C, c, E, Kell, and Fya fetal antigen genotypes in the diverse U.S. population. The assay quantifies paternally derived fetal antigen cell-free DNA molecules after calibration to fetal fraction and a reference gene. The assay correctly determined fetal antigen status for 1061 preclinical samples with an analytical sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 99–100%) and analytical specificity of 100% (95% CI: 99–100%) with only a 3.8% no-call rate, including challenging samples at 1.5% fetal fraction. The assay showed a clear separation between antigen detected and not detected for 15,939 clinical plasma samples in a general population setting, with an estimated clinical sensitivity of 99.6%-100%. The precision of the assay in which two replicate plasma samples were independently analyzed was 99.9% for 1683 clinical samples. Moreover, a fetal antigen determination could be made for samples with RHDΨ, a variant more common among RhD-negative Black individuals. The NIPT results were 100% concordant with neonatal antigen genotype/serology for 23 RhD negative pregnant individuals and 12 other antigen evaluations in 4 alloimmunized pregnant individuals. This NGS-based fetal antigen NIPT assay had excellent performance in a validation study of samples from a diverse U.S. population for fetal fractions as low as 1.1% and as early as 10 weeks of gestation, without the need for a sample from the biological partner. Implementation of NIPT for the detection of fetal antigen in RhD-negative and alloimmunized pregnant individuals will streamline care and reduce unnecessary treatment, monitoring and patient anxiety.
A Fluid Model of Pulsed Direct Current Planar Magnetron Discharge
Authors: Tran Si Bui Quang , Leong Fong Yew , Hariharaputran Ramanarayan , Le Duc Vinh
Published: April 2023

We simulated a pulsed direct current (DC) planar magnetron discharge using fluid model, solving for species continuity, momentum, and energy transfer equations, coupled with Poisson equation and Lorentz force for electromagnetism. Based on a validated DC magnetron model, an asymmetric bipolar potential waveform is applied at the cathode at 50–200 kHz frequency and 50–80% duty cycle. Our results show that pulsing leads to increased electron density and electron temperature, but decreased deposition rate over non-pulsed DC magnetron, trends consistent with those reported by experimental studies. Increasing pulse frequency increases electron temperature but reduces the electron density and deposition rate, whereas increasing duty cycle decreases both electron temperature and density but increases deposition rate. We found that the time-averaged electron density scales inversely with the frequency, and time-averaged discharge voltage magnitude scales with the duty cycle. Our results are readily applicable to modulated pulse power magnetron sputtering and can be extended to alternating current (AC) reactive sputtering processes.
Sensorimotor Adaptation in Spatial Orientation Task: A fNIRS Study
Authors: Yeo Sang Seok , Jang Tae Su , Yun Seong Ho
Published: April 2023

In sensorimotor conflicts, the brain forms and updates a new sensorimotor relationship through a trial-error process. As humans adapt to new sensorimotor mapping, goal-directed movements become increasingly precise. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, we investigated the cortical activity of sensorimotor adaptation in a spatial orientation task with sensorimotor conflict. Participants formed a new sensorimotor relationship by adapting to a reversed spatial orientation task in which the visual feedback guiding hand movements was reversed. We measured cortical activity and behavior data, including response time and accuracy. In the initial sensorimotor adaptation phase, we observed activation in the somatosensory association cortex, supramarginal gyrus (SMG), angular gyrus, and the third visual cortex. Among these brain regions, the left SMG was consistently activated during all the phases of sensorimotor adaptation. These findings suggest dynamic aspects of cortical activity patterns associated with sensorimotor adaptation in spatial orientation tasks, including sensorimotor conflict.
Extraction of oil from velvet seed to produce biodiesel for the Synthesis of Surfactant Methyl Ester Sulfonates (MES)
Authors: Ogundipe Samson , Odetoye T.E , Agbede O.O , Adesina O.A
Published: April 2023

This research encompasses the extraction of oil from velvet seed to produce biodiesel for the synthesis of surfactant Methyl Ester Sulfonates (MES). In the local government of koro-Ekiti in Kwara State in mr siji abayomi’s farm the velvet seed were harvested, which was then cleaned, dried, and ground. Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract oil from velvet seed at an optimum conduction of concentration of mass to solvent ratio, temperature and time. The was oil refined and trans-esterification using a mole ratio of 1:10 for the oil and methanol, the best optimum oil yield was employed to manufacture biodiesel. MES surfactant was then created using sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) as the sulfonating agent. The results from the design expert's analysis for the optimization of the extraction process of velvet seed oil indicate that from the ANOVA the F-value and P values are significant for the parametric condition because the values of R2 and R2 adj are 0.9774 and 0.9571, respectively, which are very close to 1.The findings of the analysis of velvet oil, biodiesel, and diesel from fuel stations were studied and characterized using the physio-chemical characteristics, GCMS, FTIR, and surface tensiometer of velvet seed. As demonstrated by the FTIR and surface tensiometer results, the ideal MES sample can easily produce an oil/water emulsion due to its low critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 0.080g/L and surface tension of 36.78, 32.10, and 34.16 mN/m at varying pH levels of 5, 7, and 8. The presence of Methylene bending vibration make it good reagent for the production of surfactant at a peak value of 79.54% as examined by the FTIR.The H-CH rocking (bending) vibration of the methylene group strengthens C-O stretching vibration of ester groups at 64.32% of lower wavelength.
Rapid, point-of-care antigen and molecular tests base on CRISPR for diagnosis of HIV-1 infection
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Su Bin , Yang Lan , Kou Zhihua , Wu Hao , Zhang Tong , Liu Lifeng , Han Yao , Niu Mengwei , Sun Yansong , Li Hao , Jiang Taiyi
Published: April 2023

Background Human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) is the leading cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS remains a global public health concern but can be effectively suppressed by life-long administration of combination antiretroviral therapy. Early detection and diagnosis are two key strategies for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Rapid and accurate point-of-care testing (POCT) provides critical tools for managing HIV-1 epidemic in high-risk areas and populations.
Methods In this study, a POCT for HIV-1 RNA was developed by CRISPR/Cas13a lateral flow strip combined with reverse transcriptase recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) technology, the results can be directly observed by naked eyes.
Results Moreover, with the degenerate base-binding CRISPR/Cas13a system was introduced into the RT-RAA primer designing, the technology developed in this study can be used to test majority of HIV-1 circulating strains with sensitivity of 1 copy/μL, while no obvious cross-reaction with other pathogens. We evaluated the sensitivity of this method for detecting HIV -1 RNA of clinical samples, the results showed that the sensitivity was 91.81% (101/110) and the specificity was 100% (48/48), the agreement rate between groups was 94.3%, the limit of detection (LOD) was 112 copies/mL.
Conclusion Above all, this method provides a point-of-care detection of HIV-1 RNA, which is stable, simple and with good sensitivity and specificity. This method has potential to be developed for promoting early diagnosis and treatment effect monitoring of HIV patients in clinical.
Ca++ particle films on sweet potato plants: Repression of the cdc2a gene and alterations in leaf anatomy under photo-protection
Authors: Ferreira Jacqueline Alves Borges , Oliveira Alexandre Passos , Júnior Luiz Fernando Ganassali de Oliveira , Milanez Camilla Rozindo Dias , Carnelossi Marcelo Augusto Gutierrez , Silva-Mann Renata
Published: April 2023

Water restriction combined with strong sunlight can affect the growth and development of crops. Activation of potential stress-associated genes and specific changes in leaf structure can be critical adaptive responses in controlling unfavorable climatic conditions. This work evaluated the expression of the cdc2a gene and leaf anatomical alterations in sweet potato plants photo-protected with Calcium particle film with and without water restriction. Assessments were performed at 12:00, focusing on gas exchange, temperature (air-leaf), Falker index, chlorophyll a fluorescence, gene expression (cdc2a), and leaf anatomy. The protection of plants regarding gas exchange contributed to the potential increase in photosynthetic rate (A) and a more significant difference between air and leaf temperatures (Dif ºC), as positive responses in the adaptive adjustment. There was a reduction in the fluorescence of chlorophyll a, related to the maximum cross-section ABS/CSm, TR0/CSm, RE0/CSm, ET0/CSm, DI0/CSm, and a significant increase in the effective quantum yield (ɸPSII), transport rate (ETR), maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and photochemical quenching (qP). There was the repression of the cdc2a gene, allied to the physiological responses associated with light-intensity stress. Anatomical changes related to climate adaptation occurred for the treatments; and photoprotection with CaO minimized the deleterious effects during the development of sweet potato plants, mainly in the developmental stage of roots.