bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cartoons vs. Manga Movies: A Brief History of Anime in the UK
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Manuel , Corstorphine Kevin , Stephens Darren
Published: November 2018

This paper has as main objective to explore, adopting a historical and critical perspective, the release of film and anime TV in UK. This would be a first step towards the studio of the peculiar implementation of manganime Culture in Britain.
Compared with other European countries, UK has shown to be slower and even reluctant in importing Japanese television products. Thus, while major markets of anime such as France, Italy or Spain expanded considerably during 1975-1995 period, in a recurrent synergy of television markets, and technological publishing, the implantation of the principal channel (televised anime) in UK has been irregular and unstable. Even today, the catalogue of broadcasting anime is limited to some high success movies, late night television on thematic channels and quite recently, video-on-demand services (Netflix). The offer cannot be compare in importance and diversity to other European countries. This fact, far from being anecdotal, has had an impact on the subsequent implantation of media Japanese cultures such as manga, anime, video games and cosplay.
What can be the reason of this irregular development of Japanese visual culture in United Kingdom? Characteristic having the television market and / or the UK audience? Main hypothesis in relation to these issues can be considered to be of sociological character, but are reflected in the idiosyncrasies of British television culture and production system.
Thus, compared to other Western markets (including the US) which saw the opportunity to purchase economic products for children’s television audiences in the late 70s and early 80s, the British ‘telly’ already offered a broad catalogue (Roobarb, Super Ted, Danger Mouse, etc. ...). The only exception to this children’s ‘made in Britain’ programming was the co-production model. This caused a leak of few products that were not even considered as “Japanese” (Seven Cities of Gold, Godzilla) but mere ‘cartoons’. This competition with the British children production as well as the wide catalogue of other forms of British Popular Culture would explain why the film, domestic video and later adults programming would be the marginal routes of entry for manganime.
The Anime VHS Home Video Market in France
Authors: Suvilay Bounthavy
Published: November 2018

In order to understand how transnational exchanges have evolved and how a home video market has been organized in France, this paper tries to trace a history of the beginnings of the VHS industry from the late 1970s to the early 2000s. We will focus on three phases of market development to show how pricing strategy and short-term development prospects damage the image of the product and perceived quality of Japanese cartoons. After a first period, in which anime seem to be treated as non-significant cultural by-products, during the second phase of growing the market is intensified by the activity of amateurs through the creation of distribution networks. They tried to change the image of the product using different methods of legitimation. But in the third era, the rapid collapse of the market is favour by overproduction and the technological transition from the VHS to DVD, and because of the dumping of prices, the cartoon is once again considered a cheap product.
Alternative narratives of Japan in contemporary media: Kobayashi Yoshinori’s Sens?ron
Authors: Oda Tomoko
Published: November 2018

In the best-selling comic book Sens?ron (1998), Kobayashi Yoshinori (b. 1953) develops his own “discourse on war” through the medium of manga, using a provocative discourse that has since been widely criticised for its potential to incite attitudes of exclusionary nationalism. Kobayashi’s discourse on the Nanjing Massacre in Sens?ron criticises the illiberal tendency of Japanese media, newspaper-publishing companies in particular, to select information they prefer and distort the past by using suspicious photos and captions. It is thus of value to reconsider this war-related debate from the perspective of Ien Ang’s concept of “emotional realism,” which refers to the tendency of viewers to be moved emotionally and empathise with the human events presented by TV dramas, regardless of whether or not they are accurately grounded in historical facts. Through close readings of Sens?ron and related critiques of the volume, I will examine how Kobayashi Yoshinori challenges the dominant World War II narratives in Japan, which tend to overlook the actual wartime period and instead focus on the prewar and postwar periods. Then I will argue that, although Sens?ron might lack meticulous research when compared to general academic scholarship, it functions to a certain extent as an alternative voice that critically points out contemporary Japan’s neglect to reflect on World War II and apply the lessons of the past to the present.
Media, propaganda and politics in 20th-century Japan. The Asahi Shimbun Company – Transl. Barak KUSHNER
Authors: Magyar Judit Erika
Published: November 2018

By the time news of the Taisho emperor’s death spread in the land, Japan was no more the international weakling of the Meiji period that had signed unequal treaties. Yet, modernisation brought about not only economic but also social developments that were propelled by the establishment of western style news media. Asahi Shimbun has been fortifying the ranks of Japanese national newspapers since 1879 when it began circulation as an illustrated publication. Back then, English journalism served as an example for papers and Asahi has been so successful that, in addition to staying afloat, it has today built up a circulation of 7.96 million copies for its morning edition (Asahi Shimbun Company 2017). The reviewed book examines how [...]
Nurse’s Expectations after the Enactment of Nursing Law No. 38 of 2014 Concerning Independent Nursing Practices in Yogyakarta Special Region Province
Authors: (Corresponding author) Deby Zulkarnain Rahadian Syah , Iskandar Rahayu
Published: November 2018

This study aims to identify nurses’ expectations after the enactment of Nursing Law Number 38 of 2014 concerning independent nursing practice in Yogyakarta Special Region Province. This research is a mixed methods research, in which basic data in the form of nurses’ level of understanding about Nursing Law were taken using quantitative approach, followed by collecting qualitative data in order to identify nurses’ expectations in conducting independent nursing practice. The sample of quantitative data were 282 nurses in 5 Regional General Hospital in the province, while qualitative data were taken from 10 respondents using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method, the data were analyzed in three stages, which are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The quantitative data were

collected using a questionnaire from November 2015-January 2016 and analyzed using frequency table. In terms of quantitative data, nurses’ understanding about Nursing Law was mostly fair, or 69.1%. In terms of qualitative data, the nurses’ expectations of Nursing Law Number 38 of 2014 are covered in 8 themes, namely recognition of nurse profession, provision of collegial regulation, type of nursing competence test, application standard for Nurse Practise License/Surat Izin Praktik Perawat (SIPP), derivatives of Nursing Law, better system, addition of competency test materials, and better protection for nurses. The nurses expect the clarity of job description of independent nursing practice, uniformity of standard operating procedure to facilitate the process of applying independent nursing practice, more protected condition in carrying out independent nursing practice and recognition by other professions.
The natural environment as a significant factor in farmers and fishermen's notions of peace
Authors: Fernandez Guiraldo , Villaluz Sister Geraldine
Published: November 2018

This study delves into the aspect on how the farmers of Barangay Kambonggan, a mountainous coconut farming community thirteen kilometers from the poblacion of Baybay, Leyte, Philippines and the fishermen of the coastal fishing community of Sitio Lapawon, Barangay Santo Rosario of the same locality understand the notion of Peace through the qualitative research method of Phenomenology. This study finds out that the farmers understand peace in relation to their concept of kinabuhi ug kinaiyahan (life in relation to the environment). The farmers believe that peace is only achievable if Mother Nature favors them in their livelihood through good weather conditions that suit coconut farming and crop cultivation. Yet, the farmers are certain that Nature's cooperation is acquired only when they do their share in the care and conservation of the environment. Hence, for farmers, the attainment of peace entails a two-way process. This study also finds out that the fishermen's notion of peace is also greatly influenced by Mother Nature. In fact, fishermen understand peace in relation to the concept of Dagat maoy kinabuhi (the sea is life). Since the sea is part of fishermen's lives, this study finds out that the behavior and generosity of the sea also determines the fishermen's understanding and experience of peace. Like the experience of their farmer counterparts, achieving peace also requires a two-way reciprocal process. This paper concludes that the farmers and fishermen's notions of peace are greatly influenced by the behavior of the environment towards their way of life.
Azolla pinnata R.Br.: a reliable fern species to demonstrate satisfactory in-vitro anti-oxidation under herbicidal toxicity
Authors: Kumar De Arnab , Saha Indraneel , Sarkar Bipul , Dey Narottam , Adak Malay
Published: November 2018

The paper reports the induced antioxidation property of Azolla pinnata R.Br. under elevated conditions of the herbicide 2,4-D. With respect to phenolic accumulation, the plant registered varied in-vitro antioxidation potentials. Total antioxidation through phosphomolybdenum complex, DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl, 1-picryllydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities were the most significant attributes of this plant species. A gradual fall in phosphomolybdenum complex suggested more involvement in the chelation of 2,4-D, with metal ligands. The plant was able to quench the reactive oxygen species (ROS) up to a certain level of 2,4-D but thereafter it failed. Another module with ABTS induced free radical antioxidation, the plant insignificantly responded to any changes of 2,4-D concentrations as compared to the control with reference to BHT (Butylated hydroxytoluene). The most stable phenolic glucoside as flavonoid had a significant and dose-dependent over expression under 2,4-D toxicity. In modules of enzymatic antioxidants, Azolla was quite sensitive to peroxidation of H2O2 by different isozymic proteins. A significant participation of polyphenol oxidase and catalase were more pronounced whereas peroxidases were least significant in in vitro assay. Taking altogether both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidation indices, Azolla is an efficient quencher species for herbicide contaminated soils.
Soil classification, suitability assessment, and constraints analyses of major soil series grown to sugarcane in Negros Occidental, Philippines
Authors: Corsiga Clea Anne , Badayos Rodrigo , Sanchez Pearl , Paterno Erlinda , Sta. Cruz Pompe
Published: November 2018

Five major soil series (Guimbalaon, Isabela, Luisiana, San Manuel, and Silay) in Negros Occidental were evaluated to assess the suitability of major soil series grown to sugarcane and identify possible constraints of the soils for sugarcane production. Specifically, the study assessed the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of soils associated with the growing of sugarcane; evaluated the land quality requirements for major soil series grown to sugarcane; determined the suitability of major soil series for sugarcane production; and evaluated the possible soil constraints to sugarcane production.
Soil pH, total N, percent organic C, and available P were found highest in Isabela series; exchangeable K in Guimbalaon series; exchangeable Na, Ca, and Mg, extractable Fe, and CEC in San Manuel series; and exchangeable Al in Luisiana series. All of the soil series evaluated were classified as marginally suitable (S3) for sugarcane production, although soil constraints varied across soil series. Topography and wetness were the severe constraints common to all soil series. Limitations on fertility and physical soil characteristics were considered moderate and manageable.
Evaluation of physicochemical, functional and microbiological properties of fermented EVIARC sweet jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) seeds flour
Authors: Cuadra Maria Norfrelij , Galvez Lorina , Amestoso Felix
Published: November 2018

Jackfruit seeds are rich in carbohydrates and protein. It can be processed into flour as a nutritious product which can be stored for future use. However, jackfruit seed flour has limited cooking applications, thus, the need to improve its functionality through natural fermentation process. The study was conducted to determine the effects of lactic acid and fermentation time on the physicochemical, functional and microbiological properties of the fermented jackfruit seed flour, compared to its unfermented counterpart.
A 3x3 full factorial design following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with different levels of lactic acid (0, 1.5, 3%) and fermentation time (16, 24, 32 hours) and with a control treatment was used. Data for all experimental combinations were analyzed using One-way ANOVA where means were compared using Tukey's HSD.
Analysis of variance results revealed that the physico-chemical and functional properties of control treatment is significantly different from the fermented jackfruit flour in terms of pH, moisture and carbohydrates. Moreover, fermentation and lactic acid contributed to increase in quality values of the jackfruit flour except for %energy, %carbohydrates and bulk density. The faster drop in pH brought about by lactic acid increased the count of aerobic bacterial, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and molds.
DAVRANIŞSAL KURUMSAL FİNANS BAĞLAMINDA ÇIPALAMA (DAYANAK NOKTASI) ÖNYARGISININ FİNANSAL KARARLARDAKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: TEKİN Bilgehan
Published: November 2018

İşletmelerde
finansal karar süreçleri en önemli yönetim aşamalarından biridir. Bu aşama,
özellikle büyümekte olan işletmeler açısından hatalı kararların maliyetinin yüksek
olması nedeniyle son derece dikkatli yürütülmesi gereken ve karar süreçlerini
etkileyebilecek tüm faktörlerin dikkate alınmasını gerektiren bir süreci
ifade eder. Bunun yanında, pratik hayatta, işletmelerde karar süreçleri
geleneksel finansın varsaydığı gibi sadece rasyonellik ve beklenen fayda
teorileri bağlamında alınmamaktadır. Yöneticilerin karar süreçleri üzerinde
etkisi olan çeşitli psikolojik ve davranışsal faktörlerin de dikkate alınması
sağlıklı kararların alınabilmesi için şarttır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu
olgulardan hareketle davranışsal kurumsal finans kapsamında dikkate alınan
dayanak noktası önyargısının Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükteki İşletme
yöneticilerinde izlenme düzeyi ve alınan bazı finansal boyutlu kararlardaki
etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda işletme yöneticilerinin dayanak
noktası önyargı düzeyleri tespit edilmiş ancak yatırım ve finansman kararları
üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi tespit edilememiştir.
KIRGIZİSTAN TÜRKİYE MANAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ VE ÇANAKKALE 18 MART ÜNİVERSİTESİNDE MUHASEBE EĞİTİMİ GÖREN ÖNLİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SOSYAL PROFİLLERİ VE MESLEKİ BEKLENTİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ECE Nalan , TOPÇU Nuryadın
Published: November 2018

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Kırgızistan ve Türkiye
de muhasebecilik mesleğine yönelen adayların sosyal profilleri ve geleceğe
yönelik mesleki beklentilerini karşılıklı olarak tespit etmektir. Araştırmada
2015-2016 eğitim-öğretim bahar döneminde Kırgızistan Türkiye Manas
Üniversitesi (KTMÜ) ve Çanakkale 18 Mart Üniversitesi Meslek Yüksek
Okullarında kayıtlı Muhasebe ve Vergi Uygulamaları bölümünde eğitim gören I.
ve II. sınıf öğrencileri esas alınmıştır. Muhasebe meslek adaylarına profil
ve mesleki beklentilerini ortaya koymayı hedefleyen yapılandırılmış ve yarı
yapılandırılmış toplam 30 soruyu içeren anket uygulanmıştır. Anketlere
verilen cevaplar SPSS paket programından yararlanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve
bağımsız değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla Ki-Kare testi
uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda öğrencilerin sosyal profillerinde iki ülke
arasında benzerlik olduğu ancak mesleki beklentilerinde farklılıklar olduğu
tespit edilmiştir.
TEK HAZİNE KURUMLAR HESABI SİSTEMİNİN MUHASEBE KURGUSU VE SİSTEM KAPSAMINDA GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN İŞLEMLERİN MUHASEBELEŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: CAN Barış
Published: November 2018

Tek Hazine Kurumlar Hesabı
(THKH) sistemi kamu idarelerinin mali
kaynaklarının bütçenin gelir ve gider hesapları ile ilişkilendirilmeksizin
karşılığı Hazineden alacak kaydedilmek üzere toplandığı ve Müsteşarlık
tarafından yönetilen hesabını ifade etmektedir. THKH sistemi, Müsteşarlık ile
kurumlar arasında alacak-borç ilişkisini doğurduğundan, sistemin etkin
çalışabilmesi için yeni muhasebe hesaplarına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Bu kapsamda, yeni
muhasebe hesapları muhasebe yönetmeliklerinde tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmada, THKH
sisteminin muhasebe yapısı ve THKH için tasarlanan ve muhasebe literatürüne
giren muhasebe hesaplarının işleyişi örnekler üzerinden anlatılmıştır. Bu
sebeple, çalışmanın muhasebe literatürüne katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Selanik Şeriyye Sicilleri
Authors: KAYAPINAR Levent , KILIÇ Arslan
Published: November 2018

Türkiye dışında Osmanlı dönemine ait malzemenin bulunduğu
ülkelerden birisi de Yunanistan'dır. Yunanistan'ın Selanik şehrinde bulunan
Makedonya tarih arşivinde Osmanlı döneminden kalan çok değişik türde arşiv
koleksiyonu ve katalogları bulunmaktadır. Bu kataloglardan birisi "Selanik
Şeriyye Sicili Kataloğu" başlığı altında oluşturulmuştur. Bu Arşivin bir
dönem müdürlüğünü de yapmış olan Vasilis DİMİTRİADİS tarafından hazırlanan bu
Selanik Şeriyye Sicili Kataloğu 116 sayfadan oluşmaktadır. Katalogda ilki 1694
tarihli ve sonuncusu ise 1912 yılına tarihlendirilen 337 defter yer almaktadır.
Bu katalogda yer alan defterlerin neredeyse tamamı Selanik ve civarındaki
illerle ilgili tutulmuş Osmanlı Şeriyye Sicillerine aittir. Bu katalogda
bulunan 337 defterin her biri fiziki olarak tanımlanmış, boyut ve sayfa
adetleri belirtilmiştir. İçerik olarak ise genelde defterdeki ilk kayıt ile
sonuncu kayıt arasındaki tarih dilimi gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada orijinali
Yunanca olan Selanik Şeriyye Sicili Kataloğu Türkçeye kazandırılarak Türk
okuyucusunun hizmetine sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
XIV. VE XV. YÜZYIL PALEOLOGOS HANEDANI İÇERİSİNDE GERÇEKLEŞEN EVLİLİKLER VE BU EVLİLİKLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KARAKOÇ Kübra
Published: November 2018

XIV. ve XIV. yüzyıllarda Bizans
İmparatorluğunu yöneten Paleologos Hanedanı ve hanedan ailesine mensup
kişilerin yapmış oldukları evlilikler incelenmiştir. XIV. ve XV. yüzyıl Bizans
Kronikleri ve telif eserlerden yararlanarak düğün olgusu gelenekleri ve
inanışları gereği değerlendirilmiştir. Bizans İmparatorluğunda gerçekleşen
evlilikler Hıristiyanlığın Ortodoks mezhebine göre gerçekleşmekteydi. Bu amaçla
din unsuru evlilik için önemli bir nokta idi. Bizans İmparatorluğun içerisinde
gerçekleşen düğünlerin nasıl ne şekilde gerçekleştiği adet ve gelenekleri
değerlendirilmiştir. Evliliklerin siyasi, ekonomik ve diplomatik açıdan önemli
olduğu aynı zamanda yerli ve yabancı hanedanlar arasında yapılan evlilikler
saptanmıştır.  İmparator ve imparatorluk
içerisinde kimlerin ne sebeple kimin ile evlendikleri ve kurulan akrabalık
ilişkileri belirtilmiştir.
Demographical characteristics, nutritional habits and knowledge evaluation of obese patients in Afyon, Turkey
Authors: Pamuk Şebnem , Büyükçavuşoğlu Özlem Koktay , Kılıç İbrahim , Yıldırım Yeliz
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this study was to assess the obesity in correlation with the demographic characteristics, nutritional habits and knowledge among adult obese patients. We used a data collection method carried out with 500 obese adult volunteer patients Afyonkarahisar State Hospital between March and August 2011. Nutritional habits and knowledge score was measured by analysis of 22 question responses and demographic characteristics were sought by questionnaires. Most of obese patients were married (94%), female (85.4%), housewives (75.6%) and settled in province (73.2%). Moreover almost all stated to have breakfast everyday (91.4%) and to prefer vegetables (48.8%) for main meals. Increased emotional eating (71%), from birth and childhood start of weight gain (66.8%), familial story of overweight (79.6%) and no balanced (86.6%) and regular (92.8%) diet consumption were observed among obese patients. Their general knowledge in terms of nutrition was not impressive. Also, they were mostly observed to be interested in health and nutrition related issues (68.4%), nor take physical exercise (87.8%), and were accustomed to eating rapidly (55.2%). Our data also confirmed that lower education level was significantly associated with obesity. Obesity is observed to be significantly associated with some the nutritional habits, nutrition knowledge and demographic characteristics of the patients. The diet quality and physical activity must be promoted with health education programs for all segments of the population with a special focus on woman. Understanding of the complex interplay of several factors may help to increase public awareness and to establish obesity prevention strategies.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 242-250
Quelle est la dimension du massif karstique de la Sainte-Baume ?
Authors: Martin Philippe
Published: November 2018

La dimension de la surface de la Sainte-Baume et de ses environs (Bouches-du-Rhône-Var ; France) est peu différente de 2,2. Cette valeur a été obtenue par l'étude de cinq courbes de niveau (de 400 à 800 m) et de cinq profils topographiques (trois N -S et deux E -W). Trois méthodes ont été utilisées pour les courbes de niveau : le comptage de boîtes (DB) ; la dimension d'information (Di) et la relation : surface -périmètre (Δ(p)). Trois méthodes ont été utilisées pour les profils topographiques : le spectre puissance (DSPEC) ; la statistique R/S (DR/S) et le variogramme (DVAR).

Les résultats moyens sont : (DB) = 1,20 ; Di = 1,23 ; Δ(p) = 1,32 ; DSPEC — 1,17 ; DR/S = 1,24 ; DVAR = 1,23. La surface de la Sainte-Baume et ses environs est donc fractale. La taille de la surface de la Sainte-Baume est donc, infinie, en théorie. Seul le volume limité par cette surface est fini. Cette première approche exclut totalement l'endokarst. Celui-ci sera envisagé dans le prolongement de ce travail à paraître dans cette revue.

Ce résultat soulève de nombreuses questions géomorphologiques.

Comment calculer une érosion spécifique ? Comment penser les formes dans un cadre théorique qui n'est plus seulement celui de la géométrie euclidienne ? Comment penser une morphologie essentiellement irrégulière ?

Des éléments de réponse sont apportés sur un plan théorique. Ils constituent les premiers éléments d'une théorie géométrique du karst.

Le calcul de l'érosion spécifique ne semble avoir un sens que lorsque la quantité érodée est divisée par une surface dont la taille est calculée avec une jauge qui constitue une échelle significative pour le processus d'érosion étudié. L'érosion spécifique exprime seulement un bilan de masse, pas une réalisation de formes. Elle correspond à une approche chronologique du karst. La morphogenèse en surface peut être divisée en deux dynamiques. L'accroissement de la valeur moyenne des pentes que nous nommons différenciation spatiale. La réduction de la valeur moyenne des pentes, classiquement appelée : aplanissement. Ces deux dynamiques impliquent un départ de matière spatialement hétérogène. Essentiellement au niveau des talwegs lors de la différenciation spatiale et inversement au niveau des crêtes lors de l'aplanissement. L'espace est donc un facteur important de la dynamique à l'œuvre. L'espace ne doit pas seulement être considéré comme un support. C'est un acteur.
Sources et hydrosystèmes karstiques des régions arides et semi-arides. Essai géographique
Authors: Nicod Jean
Published: November 2018

Springs and karstic hydrosystems in the arid and semi-arid areas. A geographical essay.

The patterns of the main springs and hydrosystems in the deserts and surroundings are sorted according their geomorphological situation (piedmont , coastal or inner plateau), to structure of the aquifers and working of groundwater (storage capacity, artesian systems) and to the hydrochemical criteria particularly the solute load in Mg2+, SO2-4 and CI-. From the best known examples, the main problems on the genesis and working of the karstic hydro-systems in arid environnement are discussed :

-the incidence of tectonic stress and paleokarstic and paleoclimatic inheritances ;

-the recent periods of recharge (in Northern Sahara and Near and Middle East) ;

-the interactions in ionic solutions and hyper-karstic processes : particularly with the strong acid, H2SO4, the "double solvency effect", and the mixing water corrosion near the salt water wedge in the coastal karsts.
Synthesis of pyrrolidine-based hamamelitannin analogues as quorum sensing inhibitors in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Bouton Jakob , Van Hecke Kristof , Rasooly Reuven , Van Calenbergh Serge
Published: November 2018

Interfering with bacterial cell-to-cell communication is a promising strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance. The natural product hamamelitannin and several of its analogues have been identified as quorum sensing inhibitors. In this paper the synthesis of pyrrolidine-based analogues of a more lead-like hamamelitannin analogue is reported. A convergent synthetic route based on a key ring-closing metathesis reaction was developed and delivered the pyrrolidine analogue in 17 steps in high yield. Chemoselective derivatization of the pyrrolidine nitrogen atom resulted in 6 more compounds. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in a biofilm model, but were all inactive.
The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Unveiling Rare, Buried AGNs and Detecting the Contributors to the Peak of the Cosmic X-Ray Background
Authors: Masini A. , Comastri A. , Civano F. , Hickox R. C. , Carroll C. M. , Suh H. , Brandt W. N. , DiPompeo M. A. , Harrison F. A. , Stern D.
Published: November 2018

We report on the results of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detection by NuSTAR performed in three extragalactic survey fields (COSMic Evolutionary Survey field (COSMOS), Ultra Deep Survey (UDS), and Extended Chandra Deep Field-South (ECDFS)) in three hard bands, namely H1 (8–16 keV), H2 (16–24 keV), and VH (35–55 keV). The aggregated area of the surveys is ∼2.7 deg2. While a large number of sources is detected in the H1 band (72 at the 97% level of reliability), the H2 band directly probing close to the peak of the Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) returns four significant detections, and two tentative (although not significant) detections are found in the VH-band. All of the sources detected above 16 keV are also detected at lower energies. We compute the integral number counts for sources in such bands, which show broad consistency with population-synthesis models of the CXB. We furthermore identify two Compton-thick AGNs, one in the COSMOS field, associated with a hard and faint Chandra source, and one in the UDS field, never detected in the X-ray band before. Both sources are at the same redshift z ∼ 1.25, which shifts their Compton-hump into the H1 band, and were previously missed in the usually employed NuSTAR bands, confirming the potential for using the H1 band to discover obscured AGNs at z > 1 in deep surveys.
N2 Chemistry in Interstellar and Planetary Ices: Radiation-driven Oxidation
Authors: Hudson Reggie L.
Published: November 2018

As part of our work on nitrogen-rich ices, the IR spectra and band strengths used in a recent paper to identify and quantify radiation-induced changes in an N2+H2O ice near 15 K are examined, along with reports of (i) a chemical tracer for N2+H2O ices, (ii) a new IR feature of solid N2, and (iii) a striking 15N isotopic enrichment. Problems are found for each IR band strength used and for each of the three claims made, to the extent that none are supported by the results presented to date. In contrast, new work presented here, combined with several older investigations, strongly supports the formation of di- and triatomic nitrogen oxides in irradiated N2-rich ices. Observations and trends in the chemistry of N2-rich icy solids are described, and conclusions are drawn. A considerable amount of material from previous chemical studies of N2-rich systems, spanning more than a century, is brought together for the first time and used to examine the chemistry of N2-rich ices in extraterrestrial environments. Needs are identified and suggestions made for future studies of N2-rich interstellar and planetary ice analogs.
Investigation of White-light Emission in Circular-ribbon Flares
Authors: Song Yongliang , Tian Hui
Published: November 2018

Using observations by the Solar Dynamics Observatory from 2010 June to 2017 December, we have performed the first statistical investigation of circular-ribbon flares (CFs) and examined the white-light emission in them. We find 90 CFs occurring in 36 active regions (ARs), including eight X-class, 34 M-class, and 48 C- and B-class flares. The occurrence rate of white-light flares (WLFs) is 100% (8/8) for X-class CFs, ∼62% (21/34) for M-class CFs, and ∼8% (4/48) for C- and B-class CFs. Sometimes we observe several CFs in a single AR, and nearly all of them are WLFs. Compared to normal CFs, those with white-light enhancement tend to have a shorter duration, smaller size, stronger electric current and more complicated magnetic field. We find that for X-class WLFs, the white-light enhancement is positively correlated with the flare class, implying that it is largely determined by the amount of released energy. However, there is no such correlation for M- and C-class WLFs, suggesting that other factors such as the timescale, spatial scale, and magnetic field complexity may play important roles in the generation of white-light emission if the released energy is not high enough.
Radiative Charge Transfer between Metastable Helium and Lithium Cations
Authors: Zámečníková Martina , Kraemer Wolfgang P. , Soldán Pavel
Published: November 2018

Depopulation of long-lived metastable helium He(23S) by spontaneous radiative charge transfer in collisions with lithium cations Li+ is investigated using a fully quantal approach. The corresponding transitions start in continuum states of the initial electronic state b
3Σ+ and end in continuum states of the final electronic state a
3Σ+. The process is characterized by cross sections and rate coefficients, which are calculated as functions of initial collision energy and temperature, respectively. Particular consideration is paid to the proper description of the high-energy cross sections in order to include their contributions to the total rate coefficient at high temperatures, where its asymptotic behavior is analyzed. The calculated total rate coefficients are in the range 1.75 × 10−15 – 3.16 × 10−14 cm3 s−1. The comparison with other relevant depopulation mechanisms shows that the radiative processes prevail for temperatures below 3000 K, while at higher temperatures the nonradiative inelastic processes are dominant.
The Bright-end Galaxy Candidates at z ∼ 9 from 79 Independent HST Fields
Authors: Morishita T. , Trenti M. , Stiavelli M. , Bradley L. D. , Coe D. , Oesch P. A. , Mason C. A. , Bridge J. S. , Holwerda B. W. , Livermore R. C. , Salmon B. , Schmidt K. B. , Shull J. M. , Treu T.
Published: November 2018

We present a full data analysis of the pure-parallel Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging observations in the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies Survey (BoRG[z9]) in Cycle 22. The medium-deep exposures with five HST/WFC3IR+UVIS filter bands from 79 independent sightlines (∼370 arcmin2) provide the least biased determination of number density for z ≳ 9 bright galaxies against cosmic variance. After a strict two-step selection for candidate galaxies, including dropout color and photometric redshift analyses, and revision of previous BoRG candidates, we identify one source at z ∼ 10 and two sources at z ∼ 9. The z ∼ 10 candidate shows evidence of line-of-sight lens magnification (μ ∼ 1.5), yet it appears surprisingly luminous (

mag), making it one of the brightest candidates at

known (∼0.3 mag brighter than the z = 8.68 galaxy EGSY8p7, spectroscopically confirmed by Zitrin and collaborators). For z ∼ 9 candidates, we include previous data points at fainter magnitudes and find that the data are well fitted by a Schechter luminosity function with

,

mag, and

Mpc−3 mag−1, for the first time without fixing any parameters. The inferred cosmic star formation rate density is consistent with unaccelerated evolution from lower redshift.
Red Supergiants in the JWST Era. I. Near-IR Photometric Diagnostics
Authors: Levesque Emily M.
Published: November 2018

The Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will be an incredibly powerful instrument for studying red supergiants (RSGs). The high luminosities and red peak wavelengths of these stars make them ideal targets for JWST/NIRCam. With effective photometric diagnostics in place, imaging RSG populations in multiple filters will make it possible to determine these stars’ physical properties and, in cases where JWST pre-explosion imaging is available, to identify RSG supernova progenitors. This paper uses observed and model spectra of Galactic RSGs to simulate JWST/NIRCam near-IR photometry and colors, quantify and test potential diagnostics of effective temperature and bolometric magnitude, and present photometric techniques for separating background RSG and foreground dwarf populations. While results are presented for the full suite of near-IR filters, this work shows that (F070W–F200W) is the JWST/NIRCam color index most sensitive to effective temperature, F090W is the best band for determining bolometric magnitude, and the (F070W–F090W) versus (F090W–F200W) color–color diagram can be used to separate foreground dwarf and background RSG samples. The combination of these three filters is recommended as the best suite of photometric observations to use when studying RSGs with JWST.
Automated Detection of Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in the Solar Wind: First Results from the Wind Spacecraft Measurements
Authors: Hu Qiang , Zheng Jinlei , Chen Yu , le Roux Jakobus , Zhao Lulu
Published: November 2018

We have developed a new automated small-scale magnetic flux rope (SSMFR) detection algorithm based on the Grad–Shafranov (GS) reconstruction technique. We have applied this detection algorithm to the Wind spacecraft in situ measurements during 1996–2016, covering two solar cycles, and successfully detected a total number of 74,241 small-scale magnetic flux rope events with duration from 9 to 361 minutes. This large number of small-scale magnetic flux ropes has not been discovered by any other previous studies through this unique approach. We perform statistical analysis of the small-scale magnetic flux rope events based on our newly developed database, and summarize the main findings as follows. (1) The occurrence of small-scale flux ropes has strong solar-cycle dependency with a rate of a few hundred per month on average. (2) The small-scale magnetic flux ropes in the ecliptic plane tend to align along the Parker spiral. (3) In low-speed (<400 km s−1) solar wind, the flux ropes tend to have lower proton temperature and higher proton number density, while in high-speed (≥400 km s−1) solar wind, they tend to have higher proton temperature and lower proton number density. (4) Both the duration and scale size distributions of the small-scale magnetic flux ropes obey a power law. (5) The waiting time distribution of small-scale magnetic flux ropes can be fitted by an exponential function (for shorter waiting times) and a power-law function (for longer waiting times). (6) The wall-to-wall time distribution obeys double power laws with the break point at 60 minutes (corresponding to the correlation length). (7) The small-scale magnetic flux ropes tend to accumulate near the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). The entire database is available at http://fluxrope.info and in machine-readable format in this article.
Studies of the effect of cerebroprotective substances on the course of stress-induced behavioral depression
Authors: Zaika Tamara O. , Evdokimov Dmitriy V. , Abramets Igor I.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. Atrophic disturbances of neurons of the limbic structures of the brain, which lead to insufficient regulation of emotions and mood, cause depression. Substances with cerebroprotective activity have the ability to inhibit further development and even reverse atrophic damage to neurons.

Materials and methods. Using electrophysiological techniques, the cerebroprotective activity of piracetam, diacamf – (±)-cis-3-(2-benzimidazolyl)-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentanone-carboxylic acid hydrochloride and the compound R-86, or 3,2’-spiro-pyrrolo-2-oxindole, was investigated in rat hippocampal slices. In behavioral experiments, there was studied the influence of the above substances, which had been administered for 20 days, on the most important manifestations of behavioral depression in rats caused by a five-day swim stress, such as the time of immobilization in the forced swim test and the indicator of preference for consuming sucrose solution. In addition, the influence of piracetam and diacamf was studied on the effects of the classic antidepressant imipramine.

Results and discussion. It was found that piracetam, diacamf and the compound R-86 in in vitro studies reduced the damage to the pyramidal hippocampal neurons caused by anoxia and aglycemia, the excitotoxic activity of N-methyl-D-aspartate and oxidative stress when hydrogen peroxide was applied to the slices. Cerebroprotective activity of the test substances, when they are systemically administered for 20 days, is linked with their antidepressant-like effect, which was manifested in a decrease in the immobilization time in the swim test and an increase in the sucrose solution consumption indicator. Co-administration of piracetam in rats potentiated antidepressant activity of imipramine, and diacamf showed additive synergism with the antidepressant.

Conclusion. Substances with cerebroprotective activity in their chronic administration may show an antidepressant-like effect. Those that potentiate the action of classical anidepressants can be used in conjunction with antidepressants during episodes of exacerbation of the disease. Less active cerebroprotective drugs can be recommended during remission for its prolongation.
Forming statin response in patients with coronary heart disease in presence of acute respiratory viral infections by means of genetic markers
Authors: Mal Galina S. , Gribovskaya Irina A.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. The present study evaluated the interaction of statin response and genetic polymorphism of interleukin (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10) genes with the course of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with CHD combined with acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI).

Objectives. Studying variability of Rosuvastatin response in patients with CHD combined with ARVI, taking cytokine gene polymorphism into account.

Materials and methods. Detection of lipid metabolism parameters and interleukin levels in blood serum; verification of causative agents of the infectious process. Genotyping of polymorphisms IL-1β –511C>T, IL-6 –174G>C, IL-4 –589C>T, IL-10 –1082G>А. Statistical processing in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 software.

Results and discussion. In CHD patients at Visit I, the target level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was reached by 55.7% of participants. At Visit II, the target LDL-C level was reached by 49.7% of patients, which coincided with ARVI detection in some patients.

In CHD patients with ARVI at Visit II, the IL-1β level increased to 33.00 pg/ml (N=5.00 pg/ml), IL-6 – 19.20 pg/ml (N=9.00 pg/ml); at Visit VI those levels decreased to 20.70 pg/ml and 12.80 pg/ml. The IL-4 level was 8.30 pg/ml (N=13.00 pg/ml), while IL-10 level was 19.40 pg/ml (N=31.00 pg/ml), with their increase at Visit VI to 15.80 pg/ml and 33.50 pg/ml.

CHD patients without ARVI did not develop interleukin level changes. At Visit II, the IL-1β level was 10.30 pg/ml, IL-6 level was 12.40 pg/ml, and at Visit VI, they were 13.00 pg/ml and 14.00 pg/ml. The IL-4 and IL-10 levels at Visit II were 19.70 pg/ml and 32.30 pg/ml; at Visit VI, those levels were 23.20 pg/ml and 34.20 pg/ml. The following associations were demonstrated: –511CT / increased IL-1β, LDL-C synthesis; –511СС / LDL-C level increase; –174GG / IL-6, LDL-C level increase; –1082GG / IL-10 level increase, cholesterol and CRP level decrease; –589ТТ / CRP, IL-4 level increase.

Conclusion. Genotypes –511CT, –174GG, –1082AA in all patients required 20 mg/day Rosuvastatin dose to reach the target LDL-C level.
Terracottas in the Mediterranean Through Time II
Authors: Erlich Adi
Published: November 2018

The international conference Terracottas in the Mediterranean Through Time II will be held at the University of Haifa, Israel, from March 12 to March 15, 2018.
Towards Green Cloud Computing an Algorithmic Approach for Energy Minimization in Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Jeba Jenia Afrin , Roy Shanto , Rashid Mahbub Or , Atik Syeda Tanjila , Whaiduzzaman Md
Published: November 2018

The article presents an efficient energy optimization framework based on dynamic resource scheduling for VM migration in cloud data centers. This increasing number of cloud data centers all over the world are consuming a vast amount of power and thus, exhaling a huge amount of CO2 that has a strong negative impact on the environment. Therefore, implementing Green cloud computing by efficient power reduction is a momentous research area. Live Virtual Machine (VM) migration, and server consolidation technology along with appropriate resource allocation of users' tasks, is particularly useful for reducing power consumption in cloud data centers. In this article, the authors propose algorithms which mainly consider live VM migration techniques for power reduction named “Power_reduction” and “VM_migration.” Moreover, the authors implement dynamic scheduling of servers based on sequential search, random search, and a maximum fairness search for convenient allocation and higher utilization of resources. The authors perform simulation work using CloudSim and the Cloudera simulator to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. Results show that the proposed approaches achieve around 30% energy savings than the existing algorithms.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO PONTO DE EQUILÍBRIO NO PROCESSO DECISÓRIO DE UMA ENTIDADE DO TERCEIRO SETOR
Authors: Oliveira Letiane Hilario , Souza Ângela Rozane Leal de , Oliveira Letícia De
Published: November 2018

O terceiro setor trata de questões voltadas ao bem-estar social, remediando lacunas da sociedade não abrangidas pelos setores público ou privado e, nesta conjectura, entende-se a Associação Patas Dadas como uma organização engajada em combater o desamparo animal. Frente à relevância dos serviços prestados pela entidade, este estudo analisa  o ponto de equilíbrio contábil da Associação Patas Dadas. Haja vista que a entidade não visa o lucro, o objetivo deste estudo compreende identificar o ponto de equivalência financeira da instituição, na qual não implicaria em superávit ou déficit. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, esta pesquisa é classificada como um estudo de caso qualitativo e descritivo, sendo utilizadas técnicas de observação, bem como consultas aos sistemas de controle fornecidos pela entidade. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a entidade operou em déficit nos anos de 2015 e 2016 e, para atingir o ponto de equilíbrio, entende-se que é necessário minimizar seus custos variáveis ou ampliar suas arrecadações. Sendo assim, averiguou-se que, devido às facilidades do uso da internet e às repercussões positivas que esta provoca, potencializa a arrecadação da entidade por meio de doações via internet, as chamadas vaquinhas online, mostra-se uma solução viável para a desigualdade econômica da Associação.
ESTRATÉGIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO EM EMPRESAS DO SETOR DE CONFECÇÕES: uma investigação em um arranjo produtivo local
Authors: Pavão Juliane Andressa , Camacho Reinaldo Rodrigues
Published: November 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as prioridades estratégicas, as tecnologias e as iniciativas de inovação adotadas por gestores do setor de confecções dos municípios de Cianorte e Maringá, no Estado do Paraná. A abordagem metodológica da pesquisa é positivista, enquadrando-se como um estudo quantitativo e descritivo. Utilizou-se como estratégia de pesquisa o levantamento (survey), sendo que os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário que obteve 121 respostas. Pode-se concluir que as empresas de confecções possuem a estratégia voltada para a diferenciação dos produtos, porém também se preocupam em obter um baixo custo, além de estar sempre inovando seus produtos por meio de informações de seus clientes e da internet. As tecnologias de informação mais utilizadas são relacionadas ao armazenamento e transferências de arquivos, como também o gerenciamento da relação com os clientes. Tecnologias como comércio eletrônico, gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos e planejamento de recurso corporativo são menos utilizadas, talvez devido ao pequeno porte das empresas da amostra.
Increased mast cells in endocervical smears of women with dysmenorrhea
Authors: Tsuji Shunichiro , Tsuji Kiyoshi , Otsuka Hirokuni , Murakami Takashi
Published: November 2018

Background:

Mast cells are observed in peritoneal endometriosis which causes dysmenorrhea. However, there is no report about the relationship between endocervical mast cells and dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship using endocervical smears.

Materials and Methods:

Between January 2016 and June 2016, patients filled out a questionnaire regarding dysmenorrhea and were classified into the dysmenorrhea or the control group (without dysmenorrhea). Patients underwent endocervical brushing and endocervical smears were obtained. The smears were stained with methylene blue to detect mast cells. The number of mast cells per slide was counted by microscopy and recorded.

Results:

Eighty-nine patients were enrolled in this study (dysmenorrhea group, 34; control group, 55). The median number of mast cells present in the endocervical one slides was 35 (interquartile range, 17–58) and 2 (interquartile range, 0–6) in the dysmenorrhea and control groups, respectively. There was a significant difference in the number of mast cells between the two groups (P< 0.0001).

Conclusion:

More mast cells were observed in the endocervical smears of women with dysmenorrhea than in those of women without dysmenorrhea.