bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inter-State Variation in Sectoral Growth after State Reorganisation: A Comparative Study of Parent and Newly Formed States in India
Authors: Gupta Ashulekha , Haseeb Mohammad , Lakhera Anubhuti , Sharma Ujjwal , Hossain Md. Emran
Published: December 2024

Since India’s independence in 1947, federal transformations have shaped the formation of new states. In November 2000, Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand and Jharkhand were created from Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, respectively. This article explores inter-state sectoral growth variations among these new states. Using panel data from 2004–5 to 2020–21, it compares agriculture, industry, construction, manufacturing, banking and insurance, and services on a per-capita basis. The findings show that while Uttarakhand achieved a higher compound annual growth rate than Uttar Pradesh, the other two parent states outperformed their new counterparts. The analysis also reveals significant sectoral differences, particularly highlighting Uttarakhand’s economic strength as a hilly state.
Intimacy and the Transformation of the Public Sphere
Authors: Hahn Kornelia
Published: December 2024

Intimacy and the public sphere have typically been conceptualized dichotomously both in scholarly and popular accounts. Problematizing this approach, I argue that considering ‘intimacy’ and ‘public’ solely as dichotomous entities unduly limits the scope of research on intimacy. In making this case, I interpret classic social theory from the works of Simmel and Habermas. Both accounts of transformations in modernity describe the emergence of a sphere of intimacy as a corollary of these transformations, i.e. not as clearly opposed to but intricately related to the emergence of the public sphere. I reflect on the implications of these insights for contemporary studies of intimacy by applying them to the example of wedding ceremonies with the aim to explain a transition from a conspicuously ‘public’ performance to a hybrid public/private event which has now come to include experiences of intimacy supported by mediated publics.
Power optimization of twin two-stage Savonius rotors based on Taguchi method: 3D study
Authors: Abdel-razak Mahmoud H , Emam Mohamed , Ahmed Mahmoud , Ookawara Shinichi , Hassan Hamdy
Published: December 2024

The efficiency of twin Savonius vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) is studied by optimizing specific configuration parameters: distance between the turbines (S), their configuration angle (φ), and their combination of rotational directions (RD). The Taguchi method is utilized to systematically refine these parameters for optimal performance. The 3D unsteady and incompressible flow model of the system is solved numerically and validated. An orthogonal array (OA) L16 (43) is constructed for these factors and their four levels, presenting 16 arrangements. The best arrangement in OA increases the average power coefficient by 11.18% at a rated TSR of 0.8. The findings suggest that the power efficiency is primarily influenced by the configuration angle, with the rotation direction and turbine spacing following suit. The optimum arrangement increases the coefficient of power by 11.58% in comparison to the single turbine. Further analysis is conducted on the flow fields, pressure, and TKE distribution of the best and optimum arrangements.
Activation of Ferroptosis and NF-κB/NLRP3/MAPK Pathways in Methylmercury-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Xie Yueqing , Yu Hongsen , Ye Yingrong , Wang Jingjing , Yang Zhengtao , Zhou Ershun
Published: December 2024

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent hepatotoxin with a complex mechanism of inducing liver injury. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, is implicated in various toxicological responses, but its role in MeHg-induced liver damage remains under investigation. In this study, we established an acute liver injury (ALI) model in mice via gavage of MeHg (0, 40, 80, 160 μmol/kg). Histopathological analysis revealed dose-dependent liver damage, corroborated by elevated serum biochemical markers, confirming MeHg-induced hepatotoxicity. MeHg exposure raised MDA levels, inhibited SOD and GSH activity, and downregulated CAT expression. Increased iron accumulation and elevated transferrin receptor expression were observed, alongside decreased GPX4 and SLC7A11 levels, indicating ferroptosis involvement. Additionally, inflammation in MeHg-exposed livers was markedly intensified, as evidenced by increased MPO activity, upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. The Keap1/NRF2/HO-1 oxidative stress response pathway was significantly activated, and p38/ERK1/2 MAPK signaling was notably increased. These findings suggested that MeHg induced acute liver injury through the interplay of ferroptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and MAPK signaling pathways, providing a scientific basis for future exploration of the mechanisms underlying MeHg-induced hepatotoxicity and potential therapeutic strategies.
Conclusion to the Special Issue-School Psychology and Indigenous Peoples: Critical Perspectives and Indigenous-Led Approaches
Authors: Nelson Melanie
Published: December 2024

This special issue of the Canadian Journal of School Psychology is the first of its kind, with a focus on the intersection of school psychology and Indigenous Peoples within the Canadian context. Contributing articles grapple with approaches to training for Indigenous graduate students and practice with Indigenous communities that are responsive while negotiating the discipline’s ethics. Many specific examples of effective practice, involving Indigenizing and decolonizing elements are outlined for trainers, researchers, and practitioners. In this commentary article, the contributing articles are reviewed within the framework of a First Nations school psychologist’s reflections regarding training and practice.
Sexual Orientation-Motivated Violent Victimizations in Brazil: Using Representative Data From the 2019 National Health Survey
Authors: Szwarcwald Célia Landmann , de Souza Júnior Paulo Roberto Borges , Almeida Wanessa da Silva de , Castilho Euclides Ayres de
Published: December 2024

Using representative data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS-2019), we aim to investigate whether violent physical and sexual victimization differs by sexual orientation in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study using data from a nationwide household-based survey. The PNS sample was selected with a three-stage cluster sampling. Prevalence of individuals aged 18 to 64 years who had suffered physical violence in the previous 12 months and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated according to sex and sexual orientation. Multivariate logistic regression models were used with physical violence in the previous 12 months as the outcome and self-declared sexual orientation, sociodemographic characteristics, and age of sexual initiation as independent variables. Odds-ratios (OR) were estimated to test associations with the independent variables. The same statistical procedures were used for analyzing lifetime sexual violence. Among the 70,361 participants, 2.2% of men and 2.0% of women self-declared to be homosexual/bisexual. Among homosexual/bisexual men and women, 13% and 16%, respectively, have suffered physical violence in the previous 12 months. Regarding lifetime sexual violence, prevalence was 6.4% among homosexual/bisexual men, with OR = 9.1 (95% CI [5.7, 14.4]) in comparison to heterosexual men. Among homosexual/bisexual women, prevalence reached 11.5%, with OR = 2.4 (95% CI [1.7, 3.4]) in comparison to heterosexual women. After controlling for sexual orientation, the greatest odds of suffering physical violence in the previous 12 months were found among young people, non-white, starting sexual activity <15 years old, and poor education. The risk of women suffering lifetime sexual violence was seven times greater than that of men (OR = 7.30; 95% CI [6.05, 8.80]). The findings indicate a complex scenario in which sex, sexual orientation, skin color, and poor education interact in violent victimization and highlights the insufficiency of public policies in implementing effective actions focused on overcoming the homophobic prejudice that persists in Brazilian society.
Pharmacist Impact in a Post Neuro Intensive Care Virtual Clinic (PREVAIL)
Authors: Conroy Grace M. , Marut Danielle M. , Gomes Joao A. , Street Sarah , Idoine Julie , Ahrens Christine
Published: December 2024

Background: Traditional Post-Intensive Care Recovery Clinics (PIRCs) often exclude neurocritical care patients. In 2020, a multidisciplinary team started Post Neuro Intensive Care Virtual Clinic (PREVAIL) that uses telemedicine to provide consultative care for patients with a primary neurologic injury who are at risk for post-intensive care syndrome. During clinic, critical care pharmacists perform medication reconciliations and provide drug therapy recommendations. Objectives: The objective of this observational review is to describe the pharmacists’ interventions and role in a novel PIRC. Methods: A retrospective, observational review was conducted for patients who were seen in PREVAIL from December 2020 to January 2022. The pharmacist completed a medication reconciliation and provided drug therapy recommendations. Results: Amongst fifty-two PREVAIL patients, the most common neurologic diagnosis was intracerebral hemorrhage, seizures, and acute ischemic stroke. All patients were mechanically ventilated during their ICU stay, with a median ICU length of stay of 17 days [IQR 10-26]. After medication reconciliation, 93% of patients required adjustments to their medication list. After patient examination, 89% of patients required a drug therapy recommendation, with a median of three interventions per patient. Various medication classes were intervened on, most frequently antipsychotics, anti-seizure medications, antihypertensives, anticoagulants, neuromodulators, and antidepressants. Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate pharmacist contributions at a consultative telemedicine PIRC that focuses on providing care for patients with a primary neurologic injury. PREVAIL pharmacists have a crucial role in the multidisciplinary team. Future research is required to determine the pharmacist’s impact on clinical outcomes.
Feminist Foreign Policy: Testing Times for the Women and Peace Hypothesis
Authors: Mirje Annasab Shivaling , S Girija K
Published: December 2024

The present article analyses feminist foreign policies adopted by Sweden, Canada, France and Mexico to explore how they incorporate the Women and Peace Hypothesis and its application in the present Russia–Ukraine conflict. Of the seven countries that have adopted feminist foreign policies so far, the study selects the above four countries based on their systematic development of the policies once adopted. The study uses qualitative content analysis of both primary and secondary sources. Among primary sources, the study uses foreign-policy documents. It also relies on secondary literature developed around feminist foreign policy and the Women and Peace Hypothesis. The study suggests that Sweden and Canada have strongly incorporated the Women and Peace Hypothesis into their policies. France and Mexico, along with the participation of women in the peace process, give more importance to other aspects of women’s empowerment, such as the promotion of gender equality. In the present scenario, none of these countries stresses on women’s participation in the negotiation to end the ongoing Russia–Ukraine conflict. This study encourages policymakers to involve women in the peace process for an inclusive, peaceful and prosperous world.
Book review: Emily Dumler-Winckler. Modern Virtue: Mary Wollstonecraft and a Tradition of Dissent
Authors: Sataravala Snober
Published: December 2024

Emily Dumler-Winckler. Modern Virtue: Mary Wollstonecraft and a Tradition of Dissent (Oxford University Press, 2022), 375 pages, GBR 47.99 (Hardbound). ISBN 978-0-19-763209-3.
Book review: Asha Sahay Choudhry (Translated by Tanvi Srivastava), The War Diary of Asha-san: From Tokyo to Netaji’s Indian National Army
Authors: Manchanda Rita
Published: December 2024

Asha Sahay Choudhry (Translated by Tanvi Srivastava), The War Diary of Asha-san: From Tokyo to Netaji’s Indian National Army (New Delhi: Harper Collins, 2022), 224 pp., ₹599, ISBN: 978-93-19-5629-140-9 (Hardback).
Sudan Conflict Impact on the Horn of Africa Security
Authors: Liyew Estifanos Balew
Published: December 2024

Sudan has been in intense conflict between the Rapid Support Force and the Sudanese Armed Force since 15 April 2023. International and regional actors’ involvement in the ongoing Sudan conflict makes the state one of the most fragile countries in the Horn of Africa. This study examines the ongoing Sudan conflict and its implications for the Horn of Africa’s security. The study uses a qualitative research approach, collecting data from secondary sources. This study argues that Sudan’s crisis would not only shake its neighbours but could also upset Horn of Africa Security and several other African countries, including fragile states in the Sahel, and East and North Africa. As a result, the Sudan conflict will result in political unrest in the neighbouring countries. Sudan’s conflict-triggered chaos would expose surrounding states to suffering from the influx of refugees. Thus, the parties involved in the dispute need to collaborate to address the root causes and bring about long-lasting peace in Sudan. African Union through IGAD shall take the initiative for a peace deal between conflicting parties in Sudan. Both international and regional actors shall assist the peace deal under the framework of an ‘African solution to an African Problem’.
Prevalence of P16 Positivity by Immunohistochemistry in Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck—A Study from Tertiary Care Centre in South India
Authors: Hemalatha  , Jacob Sheba S. K. , Narla Swetha Lakshmi
Published: December 2024

Background:

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) associated with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a distinct form of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in its aetiology, morphology and prognosis. Identification of HPV status is helpful in assessing the prognosis of these tumours and in providing tailored treatment for these cases. P16 identification by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the gold standard and highly sensitive method.

Methods:

Seventy-five cases of HNSCC were tested by IHC for p16. The results were evaluated using a chi-square test and correlated with histopathological and clinical parameters. A value of P < .05 was taken as significant.

Results:

Out of 75 cases, 14.6% were positive for p16, 1.3% were equivocal, and 84.1% were negative. The mean age of p16 positive cases was 55.72 years. Men to women ratio is 1.7:1. The oral cavity is the most commonly affected site among p16-positive cases, followed by the oropharynx and laryngopharynx. The majority of the cases (54.5%) were Grade III and non-keratinizing.

Conclusion:

P16 is an easily available, cost-effective Surrogate Marker for HPV-associated HNSCC. These cases were of high grade and mostly conventional non-keratinizing type, but they, still had better prognostic factors, like a lesser stage, decreased nodal metastasis, lesser depth of invasion (DOI), a lesser degree of the worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), and no involvement of the cortical bone or overlying skin. Therefore, routine staining for p16 IHC could be considered for all HNSCCs.
From exhaustion to insight: Uncovering the antecedents of work stress among healthcare professionals
Authors: Yiğit Ayşenur Baysal , Toker Kerem
Published: December 2024

Background

In the post-COVID period, the work stress experienced by healthcare professionals has become a more questionable problem. Existing studies generally examine factors caused by work stress. Few studies and discussions are identifying the antecedents of work stress.

Objective

This study aims to uncover the underlying factors contributing to work stress among healthcare professionals. Among these antecedents, we examined the effect of innovative work behavior, contextual business performance and discussed the moderating role of ergonomics.

Methods

The study sample consisted of 177 health professionals over 18 working in hospitals operating in Istanbul. We collected data from healthcare professionals through sociodemographic information form, work stress scale, innovative work behavior scale, and contextual business performance scale. We analyzed the data by partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using the Smart PLS 4.0 software package.

Results

As a result, the research findings suggest contextual business performance, potentially affected by innovative work behaviour and moderated by ergonomics, can be a critical antecedent of work stress.

Conclusion

Health administrators who desire to reduce employees’ work stress need to develop a theoretical and practical understanding of innovative work behaviour, contextual business performance, and ergonomics. Hence, discovering the causal mechanism behind work stress fills an essential gap in the literature.
Levels and influencing variables of adaptation of students in medical university
Authors: Zhu Lin-Ying , Huang Huai , Kuang Yan , Huang Dan-Li , Tang Chun-Yuan
Published: December 2024

Background

Currently, there are limited studies on the adaptation of medical university students and the factors influencing their adaptation.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the adaptation status of medical university students, identify the variables influencing their adaptation, and propose scientific methods and strategies for managing their adaptation process.

Methods

A convenient cluster sampling method was used to select 1121 students from a medical university in China. The participants completed an anonymous questionnaire, which included a self-designed general questionnaire and the University Adaptation Scale developed by Fang et al. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression.

Results

A total of 1102 valid questionnaires were collected, revealing an overall adaptation score of 3.42 ± 0.54. Scores for the seven dimensions were as follows : learning adaptation (3.53 ± 0.63), interpersonal relationship adaptation (3.35 ± 0.65), campus adaptation (3.45 ± 0.65), career adaptation (3.50 ± 0.59), emotional adaptation (3.45 ± 0.65), self-adaptation (3.33 ± 0.66), and satisfaction (3.24 ± 0.77). Adaptation levels declined with age and grade increase, while only-child students and urban students scored higher than their counterparts. Students who had class cadre positions during secondary school also scored higher. Clinical medicine majors achieved the highest scores, while nursing majors had the lowest. Notably, 68.6% of students experienced discomfort symptoms at the beginning of the academic year, and 82.0% reported that the COVID-19 pandemic strengthened their desire to major in medicine.

Conclusions

Overall, medical students demonstrated good adaptability, with learning adaptation scoring the highest. Adaptation was influenced by major, intention to study medicine, and demographic factors such as age, grade, and household registration.
The effect of COVID-19 on health insurance and mental health
Authors: Kim Andrew , Jin Joel
Published: December 2024

Background

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, first discovered in Wuhan, Hubei province of the People's Republic of China, has spread to virtually every country which caused a global pandemic. The pandemic in the United States may have caused disruption of health coverage for millions of people. Researchers have found that the pandemic has affected health insurance coverage for millions in the United States. However, there is a gap in the literature that assesses the mental health status of those affected with health insurance by the covid-19 pandemic.

Objective

Our hypothesis postulates that those who had employer-based insurance were negatively affected and those who had public insurance were positively affected. Furthermore, we hypothesized that those who lost their health insurance experienced adverse mental health effects and conditions such as anxiety, depression, and stress. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of Covid-19 pandemic on health insurance behavior and mental health.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional method to determine whether the covid-19 pandemic influenced health insurance behavior. An online questionnaire was administered to 500 adults residing in the United States through an online platform, Prolific, that helps researchers recruit participants for online research. Enrollment was on a first-come, first-served basis. Participants completed the questionnaire on March 27, 2023. The survey administered assessed the participants mental health status with their experience of healthcare during the pandemic. Two regression analysis were conducted to understand the pandemic's effect on participants health. Our dependent variable was the answers to the participants health from the pandemic using a summative scale. The independent variable was whether participants had health insurance. And if so, the type of health insurance.

Results

The results showed that loss of employer health insurance has a significant effect on mental health. Furthermore, certain demographics were more likely to experience adverse health from the pandemic.

Conclusion

Further studies should be explored to understand the health disparities from the pandemic.
Im/migration, structured vulnerability, and the future of work: Towards a more inclusive approach to occupational health
Authors: Flynn Michael A.
Published: December 2024

Background

Occupational safety and health (OSH) faces complex challenges related to im/migration, social vulnerability and economic precarity that accompany the fundamental reorganization of work during the Fourth Industrial Revolution

Objective

To identify limitations of current approaches and facilitate the reintegration of a biosocial approach to OSH through the adoption of more holistic models of im/migration, work, and health.

Methods

Through the lens of Mexican labor im/migration to the United States, this paper explores a series of examples that highlight some of the conceptual limitations guiding research at the nexus of migration, work, and health.

Results

The reductionist approach to cause and effect of the biomedical model limits the ability of OSH to address the challenges related to the radical restructuring of the world of work. The externalization of the costs of maintaining and reproducing the workforce is guiding the restructuring of the world of work resulting in the growing vulnerability and insecurity that many workers face today. The legacy of colonialism continues to influence occupational health research and hinder efforts at reducing occupational health inequities.

Conclusions

Reintegration of a biosocial approach is essential to addressing the complex challenges related to current radical reorganization of the world of work.
Musculoskeletal disorders of traffic police in Putrajaya: Evaluating ergonomic risks and trends
Authors: Lee Mun , Mohamad Jamil Putri Anis Syahira , Mohammad Yusof Nur Athirah Diyana , Mohd Suadi Nata Dayana Hazwani , Karuppiah Karmegam
Published: December 2024

Background

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pose significant challenges to the health and performance of traffic police personnel, impacting their job effectiveness and overall well-being.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the ergonomic risk factors contributing to MSDs among traffic police in Putrajaya.

Methods

A questionnaire encompassing socio-demographic variables, work tasks, ergonomic hazards, and the Body Symptom Survey (BOSS) was administered to 40 traffic police officers stationed at the Putrajaya District Police Headquarters. Data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results

Results revealed a predominantly male (87.5%), Malay (90%) population, aged between 31 and 40, with a majority serving as corporals (42.5%) within operational task units (82.5%). Primary duties among the respondents were traffic control (45%) and police escort (30%). Extreme temperatures emerged as the most prevalent ergonomic risk factor (82.5%), with the neck being the most affected body part (50%). Significant correlations were found between MSDs and various ergonomic risk factors, including awkward posture (p ≤ 0.001), static motion (p < 0.05), forceful motion (p ≤ 0.01), and excessive noise (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

In conclusion, specific ergonomic risk factors such as awkward posture, static and forceful motions, and excessive noise were correlates to MSDs among traffic police. To mitigate these risks and prevent MSD occurrence, it is imperative to educate and promote awareness among traffic professionals regarding the importance of adopting and maintaining ergonomic postures during task execution.
Gratitude as a moderator between employment status and sense of accomplishment in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lee Beatrice , Davies Priscilla A. , Reyes Antonio , Pan Deyu , Hermida Audrey , Lee Gloria K.
Published: December 2024

Background

Although prior research has investigated the predictors of employment of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), no studies have examined the relationship between employment status and sense of accomplishment among individuals with MS and how gratitude can affect that relationship.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine whether gratitude moderates the relationship between employment status and sense of accomplishment.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 291 participants with MS (Mage = 45.77 years; SD = 10.09). Gratitude was assessed with the Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6) developed by McCullough and colleagues (2002). Sense of accomplishment was assessed with the Accomplishment subscale of the PERMA-Profiler developed by Butler & Kern (2016 ). Sociodemographic variables (e.g., employment) were assessed.

Results

The findings suggest that being employed is associated with higher levels of sense of accomplishment, and higher levels of gratitude are associated with increased levels of sense of accomplishment for individuals with MS. Gratitude moderated the relationship between employment status and sense of accomplishment.

Conclusions

This study suggests that practitioners can integrate gratitude-enhancing interventions to promote a sense of accomplishment for individuals with MS when they experience positive life outcomes such as employment.
An investigation of the effects of COVID-19 fear on the nutrition habits and emotional appetites of healthcare professionals
Authors: Tayhan Fatma , Bakan Sevinç
Published: December 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes in daily routines and lifestyles, potentially affecting eating behavior and psychological well-being.

Objectives

This study aims to determine the level of fear caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare professionals and to investigate the effect of fear of coronavirus on individuals’ eating habits.

Methods

108 male and 388 female healthcare professionals working in any healthcare facility in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic filled out an online survey that included socio-demographic characteristics, nutrition and food purchasing habits, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EAQ).

Results

We found that fear of COVID-19 is higher in female healthcare professionals than in males. Higher COVID-19 fear predicted a greater risk of positive emotional appetite (OR:2.2; 95%CI:1.4–3.2). In addition, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale total score positively correlated with negative EAQ scores in females (p < 0.05). Fear of COVID-19 Scale scores of healthcare professionals who reported that they experienced a decrease in appetite levels and meal frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic were higher than those who declared that their appetite level and meal frequency did not change (p < 0.05). Finally, we found that the odds of positive emotional eating were 2.3 times higher in overweight and obese people compared to underweight and normal weight people.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the significant impact of COVID-19-related fear on the emotional eating behaviors and overall dietary habits of healthcare professionals, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address psychological and nutritional challenges in this vulnerable population during and after pandemics.
Arthroscopic Anatomic Reconstruction of the Interosseous Talocalcaneal Ligament Using a Gracilis Autograft for Subtalar Instability: 6- to 12-Year Retrospective Follow-up
Authors: Su Tong , Cheng Xiang-yun , Zhu Yi-chuan , Guo Qin-wei , Hu Yue-lin , Jiao Chen , Jiang Dong
Published: December 2024

Background:

Several surgical techniques have been reported of subtalar instability (STI), but it remains a controversial topic without long-term clinical evidence. This study aimed to report the all-inside arthroscopic anatomic interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (ITCL) reconstruction technique and its long-term outcomes in STI patients with confirmed ITCL rupture.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted on consecutive series of STI patients who underwent all-inside arthroscopic anatomic reconstruction of the ITCL using a gracilis autograft between January 2010 and December 2016. The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot scale, Karlsson-Peterson score, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, and Tegner activity scale were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. Furthermore, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure activities of daily living (FAAM-ADL) and sports (FAAM-Sports) scores, and whether patients returned to daily work, recreational activities, and preinjury sports were recorded at follow-up. Complications including postoperative sprain recurrence, range of motion (ROM) restriction, and incision numbness were evaluated at the final follow-up.

Results:

A total of 25 patients, with a mean age of 33.3 ± 8.8 years, were included in the follow-up analysis at a mean duration of 110.7 ± 20.4 months. The mean Karlsson-Peterson and AOFAS scores significantly increased from 61.8 ± 9.9 preoperatively to 93.8 ± 7.2 ( P < .001) at the final follow-up and from 68.8 ± 7.4 to 95.1 ± 6.7 ( P < .001), respectively. Additionally, the mean VAS pain score significantly decreased from 4.5 ± 1.1 to 0.6 ± 1.0 ( P < .001). Regarding normal daily activities (FAAM-ADL), 22 patients (88%) obtained good to excellent (≥80) results; for sports-related activities, 18 patients (72%) had good to excellent FAAM-Sports scores and 19 patients (76%) returned to preinjury sports activities. Four patients (16%) reported mild to moderate ROM restrictions.

Conclusion:

All-inside arthroscopic anatomic reconstruction of the ITCL demonstrated with gracilis autograft was associated with satisfactory long-term outcomes in restoring function and facilitating a return to sports for STI patients with ITCL injury.
Women with Complex Vascular Anomalies: Impact on Contraception, Pregnancy and Reproductive Health
Authors: Coulombe Jerome , Ondrejchak Sandra , Dubois Josee , Powell Julie , McCuaig Catherine , Farrell Catherine , Taillefer Catherine , Rousseau Elisabeth
Published: December 2024

Background:

Literature is scarce regarding contraceptive and reproductive health in women with complex vascular anomalies (VA).

Objectives:

To assess obstetrical, gynecological and reproductive health in this population.

Methods:

Female adult patients of childbearing age from the VA clinic of a single tertiary care centre in Canada have been recruited by retrospective chart review, and administered phone interviews.

Results:

Of the 16 patients recruited (mean age 32.8 years old), 14 used oral contraceptive pills (OCP) and intrauterine devices, with 3 patients experiencing a worsening of their VA under OCP. Fifteen women had children, with 12 experiencing variable worsening of their VA that returned to baseline after delivery or nursing cessation. Three women had severe complications. Degree of complications was variable in each subsequent pregnancy.

Conclusion:

Contraception and pregnancy management in women should be individualized and coordinated with a VA referral centre.
Inegalitarian effects on access to vaccines of delegating Covid-19 vaccination to a private online appointment platform: The French case
Authors: Ghomari Selma , Serrano Charlotte , Beaugrand Amélie , Gelly Maud
Published: December 2024

A great deal of research has shown that health inequalities are the product of socially unequal wear and tear of bodies, socially differentiated use of the healthcare system and unequal access to care, as well as healthcare professionals’ differentiating practices. However, public policies are rarely the focus of recent investigations on the production of health inequalities. How can public policies produce or even amplify health inequalities, but also reduce them, or fail to do so? This study aims to investigate the impact of online appointment booking on effective access to Covid-19 vaccination. Through a quantitative survey of the first weeks of vaccination against Covid-19 in 2021 in an undeserved French suburb called Seine-Saint-Denis, this paper shows how the vaccination policy has contributed to reproducing and amplifying inequalities towards Covid-19: middle and upper classes are significantly more represented among people vaccinated (67%) than in the population of Seine-SaintDenis (41%), and working classes are significantly less represented (33%) than in Seine-Saint-Denis (59%). The people vaccinated are more highly educated and more often French than the population of SeineSaint-Denis. Online appointment favoured more educated people.
Retracing Footsteps: An exhibition of landscape, text and image
Authors: Bos Daniel , Quayle Cian
Published: December 2024

This article reflects on an interdisciplinary research project between a cultural geographer and practising artists in documenting the changing landscape of the mountain Yr Wyddfa (Snowdon), Wales. The project draws on archival materials in the form of 19th-century visitors’ books housed in summit ‘hotel’ huts. The visitor books provide a point of departure for research which references the historic insights of the varying tourist encounters of the mountain landscape. By physically retracing the footsteps of 19th-century tourists, the team employed image-making practices to (re)imagine how the mountain is experienced today. This led to a curated exhibition that juxtaposed 19c. visitor book extracts and photographs to communicate the historical and contemporary social-spatial and environmental changes and tensions within the landscape. This paper critically reflects on the retrieval, selection and exhibition of text and image and argues how this process offers new geographical interpretations and forms of dissemination of past and present understandings of human encounters with landscapes.
Comparison of safety and efficacy of femoropopliteal arterial disease using different dose drug-coated balloons: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Núñez-Castellanos Carlos A , Esquinca-Morales María F , Beristain-Bolaños Meritxell C , De León Avecilla Daniela I , Aguirre-Ocaña Jorge S , Diaz-De-La-Cruz Osiris Y , Anaya-Ayala Javier E , Hinojosa Carlos A
Published: December 2024

Background

Endovascular therapy with balloon percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) in the femoro-popliteal segment is frequently performed, however, long-term favorable outcomes and patency remain challenging, with restenosis rates reaching 60% post-standard balloon angioplasty. Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) have shown promise in improving these outcomes; Paclitaxel, used in DCBs, inhibits hyperplasia and smooth muscle cell proliferation, reducing restenosis; however, the optimal dose of Paclitaxel remains unclear, with high-dose (HD-DCB [>3 mg/mm2]) and low-dose (LD-DCB [<2.0 mg/mm2]) options available. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety of HD-DCB and LD-DCB in treating femoropopliteal arterial disease.

Methods

We followed PRISMA guidelines and conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Mendeley up to May 27, 2024. We included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing HD-DCB and LD-DCB in patients with femoropopliteal arterial disease. Data were extracted on baseline characteristics, outcomes, and study quality. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and ROB2 tool were used for bias assessment. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), limb salvage (LS), freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR), and major amputation.

Results

Six studies comprising 2563 patients were included. HD-DCB showed a significant benefit in limb salvage at 6 months (RR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.18-0.78, p = .009) but not at 12 months (RR = 3.08, 95% CI = 0.14–67.13, p = .47). No significant difference was observed in overall survival between HD-DCB and LD-DCB at either 6 months (RR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.25–9.57, p = .65) or 12 months (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.17–8.84, p = .85). HD-DCB was associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications (RR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.14–3.17, p = .01) and a higher, though not statistically significant, risk of major amputation (RR = 4.73, 95% CI = 0.54–41.52, p = .16).

Conclusion

HD-DCB may offer advantages in limb salvage over LD-DCB in the short term, but this comes with an increased risk of perioperative complications. These findings underscore the need for careful patient selection when considering HD-DCB for femoropopliteal artery disease.
Coping styles moderate the relationships between general and minority stress and depression among sexual and gender minority populations in Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kittiteerasack Priyoth , Steffen Alana , Matthews Alicia K
Published: December 2024

Background:

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience elevated rates of depression due to exposure to unique social stressors associated with membership in a stigmatised minority group. Coping style has been shown to buffer or exacerbate responses to stress. To date, little is known about the risk or protective influence of coping styles on the relationships between stressors and depression in SGM populations.

Aims:

To examine the moderating effects of coping styles on the relationships between stressors and depression in Thai SGMs.

Methods:

This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted between March and August 2018 using in-person and online surveys. Convenience and snowball recruitment strategies were used. Standardised measures were selected according to the Minority Stress Model. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Hayes’s PROCESS macro was used to test for significant interactions.

Results:

Of the 411 participants, 40% of the participants reported symptoms of depression that were associated with multiple stressors. Problem-focused coping was reported by most participants (95.8%), followed by social support (83.1%) and avoidance (49.1%) coping. Problem-focused coping weakened the relationships between stressors and depression, whereas avoidance coping strengthened the relationships between depression and stress, loneliness and discrimination. Social support coping was negatively related to depression, with no statistically significant moderating effects.

Conclusions:

Problem-focused coping served to mitigate the influence of stressors on depression, whereas avoidance coping strategies exacerbated the impact. Nursing interventions aimed at improving problem-focused coping may reduce the negative consequences of stressors on the mental health of SGMs.
The assessment of reliability and validity of the Thai Versions of the Thirst Distress Scale for patients with Heart Failure and the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire in heart failure patients
Authors: Thanapholsart Jenjiratchaya , Khan Ehsan , Janwanishstaporn Satit , Thongma Porntipa , Naowapanich Saowanee , Pramyothin Pornpoj , Chirakarnjanakorn Srisakul , Sethalao Porntera , Tankumpuan Thitipong , Waldréus Nana , Lee Geraldine A.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Heart failure (HF) patients can experience poor appetite and intense thirst. The Thirst Distress Scale for HF (TDS-HF) and the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) are tools used to assess these symptoms. However, these questionnaires are not currently available in Thai.

Aims:

To translate the TDS-HF and SNAQ into the Thai language and to evaluate the reliability and validity of these translated instruments.

Methods:

The TDS-HF and the SNAQ were translated from English to Thai using a forward–backward method. Their face and content validity, their internal consistency and test–retest reliability, were assessed with a sample of 20 HF patients recruited from a single supra-tertiary hospital in Thailand.

Results:

Participants reported that the TDS-HF and the SNAQ had face validity. The content validity was assessed as adequate by the expert panel. The Cronbach’s alphas of the TDS-HF and the SNAQ were 0.91 and 0.71, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the TDS-HF and the SNAQ were 0.91 and 0.91, respectively.

Conclusions:

The Thai versions of the TDS-HF and the SNAQ demonstrate adequate validity and reliability. These tools hold significant potential for supporting clinical practice, particularly for nurses involved in HF management by helping to assess thirst and appetite effectively.
Guidelines unmet: Assessing gaps in breast cancer survivorship care
Authors: Pearl Dana , Wilkinson Anna N.
Published: December 2024

Background:

In Canada, after completing their treatment at oncology centers in tertiary care facilities, most breast cancer patients are discharged and receive survivorship care from primary care providers (PCPs). Evidence-based guidelines exist to inform appropriate care for breast cancer survivor follow-up.

Objectives:

This study analyzed the concordance of breast cancer survivorship follow-up care by PCPs with recommended guidelines at an academic Family Health Team (FHT) in Ottawa.

Design:

Retrospective chart review of electronic medical records of rostered patients from FHT.

Methods:

Data was extracted from the charts of 60 breast cancer survivors. Concordance of breast cancer survivorship care by PCPs with evidence-based guidelines was established in three key survivorship domains: surveillance for recurrence or new cancers, management of treatment side effects and preventative health.

Results:

PCPs provide care concordant with guidelines only 20% of the time, with areas such as preventative care at 86.7% concordance far better than management of side effects at 58.3% and oncological surveillance at 38.3%. Care did not significantly differ by age at diagnosis.

Conclusion:

These results highlight gaps in the current survivorship care delivery and function as a baseline for comparative analyses for future interventions to optimize survivorship follow-up care.
Efficacy of Essential Oils of Ocimum gratissimum and Mesosphaerum suaveolens Against Culex Quinquefasciatus
Authors: Ojianwuna Chioma C. , Enwemiwe Victor N. , Esiwo Eric , Aghahowa Ehimwenma , Ifeta Sarah , Edhebe Precious , Oborayiruvbe Esegbuyota T.
Published: December 2024

Background

Insecticide resistance is a prevailing global concern mandating the search for alternative control intervention and adopting innovative approaches such as insecticide coated curtains, insecticide-incorporated paints and the possibility of adulticidal trials using the ready-to-use humidifier.

Objectives

This study critically tested the larvicidal, pupicidal and adulticidal validity of the two plant essential oils, African basil ( Ocimum gratissimum) and pignut leave ( Mesosphaerum suaveolens) on Cx. quinquefasciatus

Methodology

Twenty, third instar larvae and pupae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were introduced into vials containing 1 ml and 0.5 ml of the essential oil in100 ml, 250 ml and 500 ml of water to form 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.002% 0.004% and 0.005% concentrations respectively. The exposure was done in triplicates. Mortality readings were taken at intervals of 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min adhering strictly to the WHO standard protocols. The highest concentrations, 0.01% (1 ml:100 ml) and 0.005% (0.5 ml:100 ml), were tried on adult mosquitoes in a 200 cm squared cage using ready-to-use humidifier.

Results

Mean mortality was highest in larvae exposed to O. gratissimum. Pupicidal activities of O. gratissimum oil was higher than M. suaveolens. Adult mosquitoes exposed to 0.005% of both plant oils caused highest mortality. The differences between the mean mortalities were significant (p < .05). Lethal Concentration (LC50 and LC95) of O. gratissimum and M. suaveolens exposed to larvae were 0.011 and 0.021%, and 0.024 and 0.042% respectively. Similarly, for pupicidal exposure, LC50 and LC95 were 0.019 and 0.041%, and 0.041 and 0.072% respectively. O. gratissimum oil was more efficacious especially for larval control.

Conclusion

Adulticidal efficacy of the essential oils can be enhanced through anticipated efforts towards emulsifying and synergizing them with other plant oils.
Stigma and associated sex disparities among patients with tuberculosis in Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sekandi Juliet N. , Quach Trang , Olum Ronald , Nakkonde Damalie , Farist Leila , Obiekwe Rochelle , Zalwango Sarah , Buregyeya Esther
Published: December 2024

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally. The stigma associated with TB, encompassing self, anticipated, and public stigma, has significant negative effects on treatment adherence. In Uganda, limited data exist on the prevalence of stigma and its relationship with sex among patients with TB.

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of three types of stigma and their relationship with the sex of patients undergoing TB treatment.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients living with TB attending selected TB clinics in Kampala, Uganda, between July 2020 and March 2021. We collected data on sociodemographics and used 13 items to capture the self, anticipated, and public stigma from which we composed the dependent variables. We employed multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between sex and the three stigma types. Additionally, we considered potential confounders such as age, HIV, and employment status. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05.

Results:

In this study, we enrolled 144 participants with a mean age of 35.8 years (standard deviation = 12). Half of the participants were female, 44.4% had a secondary education, 37.5% were unemployed, and 32.6% were living with both HIV and TB. The prevalence of self-stigma was 71.1%, anticipated stigma was 75.7%, and public stigma was 41.7%. Significant factors associated with self-stigma were female sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–5.74) and unemployment (AOR: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.16–8.58). Living with HIV was significantly associated with anticipated stigma (AOR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.38–11.23). However, none of the evaluated variables showed a significant association with public stigma.

Conclusion:

Our study showed a relatively high prevalence of self, anticipated, and public stigma among TB patients. Notably, females and unemployed individuals were at a higher risk of self-stigma, while those with HIV/AIDS and TB were more likely to report anticipated stigma. To combat stigma effectively, interventions should be tailored to cater to sex-specific needs and persons living with HIV. Future research should delve further into determinants of TB-related stigma in high-burden settings.