bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breaking of Ethical Quandaries by Celebrity Brand Ambassadors
Authors: Sharma Pooja
Published: August 2024

Recently an order was passed by District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission of Indore (Madhya Pradesh) against online coaching Company Byju and celebrity superstar Shahrukh Khan. Priyanka Dikhsit an innocent IAS aspirant enrolled for Byju's coaching classes in 2021 after getting influenced by their advertisement. But, after paying the fees she found herself cheated and lodged a complaint in consumer forum. The court given the verdict in the favor of Priyanka and the defendants are directed to return the fees along with interest of 12% per annum. Additionally the litigation charges USD 59.84 and compensation of mental sufferings (USD 599.35) is also to be charged from the defendants. Sometimes back, another famous celebrity Akshay Kumar made news by publicly apologizing and stepping down as brand ambassador of Vimal Eliachi. He made his decision after receiving criticism for endorsing a Pan Masala brand. The actor announced to donate the whole fees charged for public welfare causes when people excessively started posting negative comments about him. In another case, a criticism was raised against celebrities Rashmika Mandanna and Vicky Kaushal for promoting vulgarity, inappropriate content and objectifying men in the advertisement of an inner clothes of Macho. These three are among the latest heard cases of unfair advertisements by the celebrity brand ambassadors, but the list is endless. Actually in India, fraudulent and bait advertising is a very common practice followed by advertisers to influence the innocent consumers. The present paper makes an attempt to study the evolution, present status, regulatory framework and trends of Indian celebrity endorsements. Further, the paper evaluates the recent cases of deceptive advertisement in India, various ethical and unethical issues involved in celebrity endorsements and its impact on the consumer.
Performance Appraisal and Raters' Errors Exploring Utilitarianism and Deontological Ethics in Evaluation
Authors: Roache Darcia Ann Marie
Published: August 2024

Performance appraisals serve as crucial mechanisms for evaluating employee performance and informing decisions related to rewards, promotions, and developmental opportunities. However, the process is susceptible to various biases and errors, often stemming from the ethical frameworks guiding raters' judgments. The chapter explores the impact of utilitarianism and deontological ethics on rater's errors in performance appraisals. Utilitarianism, grounded in the principle of maximizing overall utility or outcomes, may lead raters to prioritize the consequences of performance evaluations over adherence to moral rules or principles. This can result in biases such as leniency or severity, where raters manipulate ratings to achieve desired outcomes or organizational goals. Conversely, deontological ethics, which emphasize adherence to moral duties and principles regardless of consequences, may lead to errors such as halo or horns effects, where raters allow a single characteristic to influence their overall evaluation of an employee.
Gender Policy
Authors: Songhulashvili Nato , Songhulashvili Avtandil
Published: August 2024

Gender research is quite relevant and important for contemporary humanities, social, and political sciences, therefore the problem analysis in this direction allows for concluding, that gender is a multidimensional field and requires understanding based on the intersection of different scientific disciplines. This is why along with the analysis of political, economic, social, cultural, and religious issues, it is important to assess gender from the standpoint of national identity. The article analyzes the stages of gender policy on the background of contemporary challenges and the role played by current events in world from the standpoint of gender. The problem posed in the article is quite complex and multifaceted, so we focused on main facts and events, which determined gender directions of the 20th -21st centuries.
Gender Equality and the Importance of Gender-Based Violence at International and National Levels
Authors: Botchorishvili Nino
Published: August 2024

Gender-based violence against women, economic discrimination, inequalities in reproductive health care, and harmful traditional practices are the most common forms of inequality. The study reflects the actual issues related to the international legal regulation of gender equality and the prohibition of violence against women and the issues of perfecting the national legislation based on it. It should be noted that ensuring gender equality by the contracting states remains a big challenge. Thus, the study deals with regional and universal international agreements on gender equality and gender-based violence and highlights the importance of contractual organizations created based on these agreements in the development process of the internal law. It points out the important aspects of human rights enjoyment and the effectiveness of its protection.
Weaving Identities
Authors: Mobo Froilan Delute
Published: August 2024

The Aeta people are considered one of the earliest inhabitants of the Philippines, with a history that predates the arrival of other ethnic groups in the archipelago. They have maintained their distinct cultural identity despite centuries of external influences This approach is particularly valuable for studying identities within the Aeta community, as it allows the researcher to actively engage with the culture, fostering a more intimate and nuanced exploration. Here, we outline the key components of the methodological approach. Consider co-creating knowledge with the community rather than studying them as subjects.These recommendations aim to broaden the scope of your research and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the Aeta community in Zambales. Always ensure that your research approach is respectful, inclusive, and aligned with the community's interests and well-being.
Micelles
Authors: Bodkhe Madhura , Chalke Tejas , Kulkarni Sunil Jayant , Goswami Ajaygiri K.
Published: August 2024

Nanomicelles display distinct or unique characteristics due to their dimension, the ability to dissolve, tailored surface, or interaction with the environment. These features render them versatile and beneficial across various domains, particularly applications in biology. These multifunctional nanoparticles, which are regarded as drug-transporting vehicles, include liposomes, dendrimers, micelles, nanocapsules, nanospheres, and more. They may be engineered to bind precisely to certain extra receptors manufactured on the surface of cancer cells, as well as to have the intensity of duration and circulation. Drug delivery methods based on nanoparticles modify the biodistribution of therapeutic substances by delivering targeted and location-specific medications with controlled release. This paper outlines the special qualities of nanomicelles that set them apart from other particles and open the door to a wide range of biological applications, including medication administration.
Applications of Nanomaterials in Biomedicine
Authors: Asuku Abraham Olufemi , Ogungbangbe Gbonjubola Oyinlola
Published: August 2024

An overview of the many uses of nanomaterials in biomedicine is given in this chapter. Magnetic and quantum dot nanoparticles improve medical imaging accuracy, and biosensors based on nanoparticles allow for quick and sensitive detection. These developments offer more accurate tracking of treatment responses and earlier disease detection. Nanomaterials have applications in tissue engineering and repair in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, by improving drug delivery to cancer cells using both passive and active targeting methodologies, nanomaterials support the rapidly developing field of targeted cancer therapy. However, there are significant safety and toxicity concerns raised by the use of nanomaterials in biomedicine. Evaluations of biocompatibility and nanotoxicology are essential to guaranteeing the safe usage of these materials. Future developments for nanomaterials in biomedicine are quite promising. Realizing the full potential of nanomaterials in enhancing healthcare outcomes will require addressing issues with clinical translation, ethical issues, and regulatory aspects.
Leveraging Predictive Analytics for Success in Developing Economies
Authors: Kanade Tarun Madan , Batule Radhakrishna Bhaskar , Joseph Jonathan
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the transformative potential of AI-driven predictive analytics in service marketing, specifically within developing economies. As these regions experience rapid growth, businesses face unique challenges and opportunities. By integrating predictive analytics, companies can gain deeper insights into consumer behavior, forecast trends, and enhance decision-making processes. This chapter delves into the mechanisms of predictive analytics, highlighting its role in optimizing marketing strategies, improving customer engagement, and driving sustainable growth. Case studies from various developing economies illustrate successful implementations and the tangible benefits realized. The discussion also addresses the ethical considerations and challenges of deploying AI technologies in these markets. By understanding the strategic importance of predictive analytics, service marketers can position their businesses for success and contribute to the broader economic development of these regions.
Artificial Intelligence and ChatGPT Models in Healthcare
Authors: Triplett William J.
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research is twofold: 1) to explore the potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) models in healthcare and, 2) to identify the challenges associated with integrating these technologies into clinical practice. AI and GPT models have attracted significant attention within the healthcare industry due to their potential to revolutionize medical practices. Potential applications of AI and GPT models in healthcare include early disease detection through the analysis of medical images or electronic health records, personalized treatment recommendations based on patient data analysis, and improved efficiency through automating routine administrative tasks. These models employ advanced deep-learning algorithms to analyze extensive volumes of patient data, interpret medical images, and provide diagnostic suggestions. As a result, healthcare professionals can make well-informed decisions and enhance patient outcomes. In addition, AI and GPT models support remote monitoring, personalized care, and patient triaging, thereby improving the accessibility and efficiency of healthcare services. Nevertheless, the widespread adoption of AI and GPT models into healthcare faces several challenges and limitations. These models require high-quality data and must address issues related to data privacy, biased algorithms, and regulatory frameworks. Moreover, ethical considerations, including safeguarding patient privacy, ensuring algorithmic accountability, and avoiding biases, must be diligently addressed when implementing AI and GPT models within healthcare settings. This study is of AI and GPT models as they relate to healthcare, with the goal of encouraging future developments in this field.
Mid-Atlantic Hardware and Outdoors Emporium
Authors: Dordunoo Lord
Published: August 2024

The Mid-Atlantic Hardware and Outdoors Emporium (MAHOE) is a regional hardware and supply store chain. Considering aspirations to broaden its market reach and establish a presence in neighboring states such as Virginia (VA), Maryland (MD), and North Carolina (NC), MAHOE recognizes the necessity to diversify its product offerings to cater to the burgeoning outdoor recreation market. This case study delves into MAHOE's strategic evolution as it expands beyond its traditional roots. Through a comprehensive analysis of demographic trends, consumer preferences, and economic indicators, this study highlights the strategic imperative for MAHOE to adapt and innovate in response to evolving market dynamics. The study underscores the gainful opportunity for MAHOE to benefit from consumer preferences and expand its market reach.
Addressing Inequalities in the Workplace
Authors: Çelik Ömer
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to examine the impact of financial, accounting and auditing practices on workplace inequalities. Workplace inequalities can take various forms, such as wage differentials, discrimination, and opportunities for advancement. In this framework, the potential of financial, accounting and auditing practices to maintain or reduce these disparities will be explored. In this study, the discussion of strategies for the importance of financial, accounting and auditing practices in addressing workplace inequalities is based on a literature review. By emphasizing the importance of these practices in addressing workplace inequalities, it aims to provide a basis for future research and practice. Scientific publications, articles, books and reports obtained with the keywords identified in the research were systematically analyzed.
Centennial Celebration
Authors: Mitra Ananya
Published: August 2024

Mishrambhu Thandai, a traditional Indian beverage, has a strong digital presence in Varanasi, India. The brand, founded by the Dubey family in 1924, now has a professional website, online availability, and active profiles on social media platforms. The study assesses Mishrambhu Thandai's digital presence and consumer sentiment using online review analysis and social media review monitoring. Positive sentiments indicate satisfaction, while neutral feedback lacks emotion. Negative sentiments reveal dissatisfaction and criticism. Flipkart's product received positive feedback, while Amazon's received mixed feedback. The research proposes a comprehensive strategy for transitioning a century-old local business into the digital era, including branding refreshment, website optimisation, social media engagement, content marketing, influencer partnerships, email marketing, e-commerce integration, data analytics, customer feedback incorporation, and paid advertising to enhance brand visibility, customer engagement, and sales.
Comprehending the Multifaceted Realm of Blockchain Within the Hotel Industry
Authors: Kumar Dilip , Shandilya Abhinav Kumar , Kumar Nishikant
Published: August 2024

To identify the performance pattern, keyword cluster appearance and thematic development of blockchain adoption in the hotel industry from the literature published in the Scopus database since 2018. The PRISMA pattern was followed for the inclusion and exclusion of data. The data was extracted from the Scopus database since 2018. Initially, 93 data appeared in the search and after refining the dataset bibliometric analysis was performed for 48 documents. Bibliometrix (Biblioshiny), an open-access software, was used to analyse the data. The keyword clusters that appeared are “Luxury augmented experiences”, “Experiential hospitality”, “Decentralised hospitality solutions”, and “Secure AI ecosystem”. Bibliographic coupling analysis (BCA) generated four major themes - “Impact of technologies in hospitality and tourism”, “Technological transformation in hotels”, “Bitcoin and blockchain in hotels”, and “Security solutions and blockchain”. The adoption of blockchain technology can play a pivotal role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals – 9.
Embracing the Current Challenges in Sustainable Waste Management in Tourism and Hospitality
Authors: Vashishth Tarun Kumar , Sharma Vikas , Agarwal Sonal , Gupta Nidhi , Singh Savita , Sharma Rajeev
Published: August 2024

The tourism and hospitality industry has been pivotal in driving economic growth and cultural exchange globally. However, this sector also significantly contributes to environmental degradation, primarily through waste generation. This chapter explores the current challenges in sustainable waste management within the tourism and hospitality industry. It delves into the multifaceted nature of waste management issues, including the high volume of waste, diversity in waste types, and the seasonal nature of tourism which leads to inconsistent waste production. Additionally, the chapter examines the barriers to implementing effective waste management practices, such as lack of awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and financial constraints. By reviewing case studies and best practices from various regions, the chapter proposes strategic approaches to overcome these challenges. The emphasis is on integrated waste management systems, stakeholder collaboration, and the adoption of innovative technologies.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Human Capital Development in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry of Chandigarh
Authors: Singh Manvinder , Arora Nilesh , Badoni Parveen , Paras Pawan Kumar
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on human resource management (HRM) in the tourism and hospitality industry of Chandigarh, India. As AI technologies rapidly advance, their integration into HRM practices becomes increasingly crucial for organizational success. The study examines how AI applications reshape recruitment, training, talent management, and decision-making processes in Chandigarh's tourism sector. Key areas of focus include the use of AI-driven tools to streamline recruitment and selection, enhance workforce competency through personalized training modules, and support talent management through competency mapping and succession planning. The research highlights how AI enables HR managers to focus on strategic tasks by automating routine processes and providing data-driven insights for decision-making. Adopting AI in HRM is shown to improve efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness in the dynamic tourism market.
Analysis of the Impact of Multimedia Imaging Technology on Film Media
Authors: Zhang Shikun
Published: August 2024

Multimedia imaging technology is widely used in many fields of modern life, such as traditional artistic expressions such as movies and dramas, and emerging computer multimedia technologies such as video image rendering, dynamic image processing and three-dimensional image processing are constantly emerging, providing viewers with better visual effects. At the same time, due to the limitation of shooting conditions or improper storage and reproduction, many video materials have different degrees of distortion, so it is particularly urgent to protect and repair these materials. In this context, we introduced different types of computer multimedia technology, and made a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the media. This will help to optimize and improve the film and television production process, improve the quality of works, and protect historical video materials.
AI Research for Power Grid Transmission and Environmental Energy Saving Using Fuzzy Evaluation
Authors: Gu Yaqi , Luo Xiaoguang
Published: August 2024

Given the increasing adverse impacts of climate change on ecosystems, the power sector needs to improve rapidly. One solution is to utilize efficient resources for energy production and processing. In terms of resource efficiency, although AI has not yet been fully utilized, AI-6G can play a key role in developing environmentally friendly and efficient energy saving systems that support a more environmentally friendly environment. This paper focuses on the utilization of 6G technology for power transmission, environmental protection and energy saving projects. The advantage of 6G technology is the faster communication between devices within the network. Fuzzy Integrated Assessment (FIA) is an effective assessment methodology applicable to power transmission, grids, retrofitting processes, eco-security and energy efficiency measures that can be used to assess the effectiveness of these programs. This paper focuses on sustainable energy production by integrating AI-6G with emphasis on maintenance, production planning, fault detection and incorporating green AI.
Integration and Application of AR Technology in Augmented Reality Image Animation Within the Context of Lingnan Culture
Authors: Shen Zhengzhong , Zhang Wei , Song Peijuan
Published: August 2024

With the maturity of AR technology, AR is more and more used in various industries. from the perspective of the application of AR technology at this stage, the emergence of AR technology improves the visual effect in image animation, simulates the real scene in the viewing process, and makes the computer advanced human-machine interface with the basic characteristics of equipment interactivity and conceptualization, spread to the scope of film and television. As a creative emerging industry, influence animation has huge development space and prospects, and it also carries the functions and tasks of inheriting traditional culture. Combined with the specific situation of Lingnan culture, this paper introduces the combination of AR technology and Lingnan culture in visual, sound and interactive design, and extracts its creative elements. Compared with the simple data recording method, the difference between the two is 41.22%. Through specific ideas and programs, it provides a new digital method and idea for the protection and research of Lingnan culture.
Investigation of the Relationship between Concrete Cylinder Dimensions and Compressive Strength
Authors: Lin Yu Feng , Liu Chih Hsuan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explore the correlation between the dimensions of concrete specimens and their compressive strength. In the field of engineering, it is essential to determine concrete strength. Besides the standard cylindrical compressive strength test, core samples are often required for compressive strength testing to verify the quality of concrete. However, coring requires significant time and energy, and the number of available samples is limited. Some projects may not be suitable for coring, necessitating the use of non-destructive testing methods to assess in-situ concrete strength. This research project aims to investigate the correspondence between various specimen sizes and the compressive strength of concrete, establishing corresponding curves for compressive strength of concrete core specimens of different sizes. The results of this research reveal that smaller specimen sizes tend to exhibit slightly higher compressive strength, provided that the concrete mixture is well-blended, and the specimen diameter and the proportion of the largest coarse aggregate nominal diameter comply with specifications. Regardless of specimen size, representative compressive strength values can be obtained. In lower-strength concrete specimens, the quality control aspects have a more substantial influence on compressive strength than specimen size effects.
Effect of Cross-Section Stiffness on Strength of Rectangular Steel
Authors: Wu Hsien Tang , Liu Chang Hung , Hsu Wei Ting
Published: August 2024

Concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) have better application in the application of beams and columns. This application form has obvious advantages, mainly because they are not restricted by the forming process, and the filled concrete does not need long-term maintenance. However, the design and analysis of steel-concrete beam-columns is a complex task involving many factors. In the design of CFSTs, it is essential to understand the influence of these factors on the behavior of steel-concrete members. In particular, the cross-sectional shape of the member has a significant impact on its bearing capacity, stiffness, and buckling behavior. However, there is relatively little research on the influence of member slenderness on the strength of CFSTs. Therefore, this study conducted an in-depth analysis of the stability of the member, and explored in detail the influence of the member slenderness ratio on the section properties and the overall bending strength of the beam. This study provides a basis for the application of CFSTs in beam-column design and analysis. In the bending strength analysis, the member slenderness ratio has an important influence. Smaller slenderness ratios have better strength performance, but the attenuation is also relatively significant. The larger the slenderness ratio, the slower and more stable the strength change becomes. In terms of section properties, when the slender section is reached, the influence of effective section reduction will be greater, and the strength reduction may exceed the engineering allowable error range. Therefore, special attention should be paid when using slender sections.
Strength Development of Shotcrete in Compressed Air Pressurised Underground Environment
Authors: Ng P.L. , Yeung Albert T.
Published: August 2024

Shotcrete and compressed air are often utilised for providing temporary support in tunnel excavation. On occasions of concurrent application of shotcrete and compressed air, there would be concerns of the quality of concrete sprayed within pressurised space, as well as the strength development of shotcrete in pressurised environment. To address these concerns, field experimentation of the shotcrete strength development under compressed air pressure was conducted, and the results are reported in this paper.
Acetylation of Aspen and Alder Wood - Preliminary Tests
Authors: Horbachova Oleksandra , Buiskykh Nataliia , Mazurchuk Serhii , Lomaha Vasyl
Published: August 2024

An experimental study of the physical and mechanical properties of untreated and acetylated wood was conducted. The effect of acetylation on wood density was investigated. It was established that the density of the samples generally decreases after acetylation. As the level of acetylation increases, the fiber saturation point decreases in both conifers and hardwoods. Acetylation of wood helps to reduce the sorption properties of wood. The amount of swelling was analyzed. For untreated wood (aspen and alder), the volume swelling index is at the level of 7.5 %. Acetylation contributes to the stability of the geometric dimensions of structures, as the volume swelling index for aspen decreased by 4 times, for alder – by 2 times. An increase in the amount of swelling along the fibers is observed in all samples. Regarding the nature of the destruction of the samples during compression, the aspen (both untreated and acetylated) only crumples without visible signs of destruction. In some samples of alder, partial exfoliation is visible. It was found that acetylation has an ambiguous effect on the mechanical properties of wood of both species.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: much done, but still a lot to do
Authors: Binetti Paola
Published: August 2024

On the occasion of the third International Day of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP or Moschcowitz syndrome), which was unanimously approved by the Italian Parliament, along with the scientific community involved with TTP and patient associations, we have developed a series of observations that I wish to share with you and the readers of Bleeding, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology [...].
Ibrutinib-Induced Ventricular Electrical Storm Successfully Managed with Veno-Arterial ECMO and Intralipid Administration: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Torre Debora E. , Stecco Carla , Porzionato Andrea , Mangino Domenico , Macchi Veronica , De Caro Raffaele , Pirri Carmelo
Published: August 2024

We report a 55-year-old men patient with a primitive central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphoma B cell (LNH PNSLC), treated with chemotherapy rituximab, methotrexate, and ibrutinib (first treatment) who developed a refractory ventricular arrhythmic storm two hours after the ibrutinib intake. Indeed, ibrutinib could be associated with severe and occasionally fatal cardiac events. The swift emergence of a ventricular electrical storm with cardiac arrest demanded the prompt initiation of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to effectively navigate this critically ill patient toward recovery. This intervention was deemed imperative, given the absence of any available antidote for the effects of ibrutinib. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation proved successful in rescuing this patient, resulting in a complete neurological recovery. Consequently, he was able to resume his chemotherapy treatment.
Crossword Puzzles – A Fun Educational Tool to Reinforce Information
Authors: Tejeswini Vaddatti , Chaitra B. , Renuka I. V. , Ramya Potti
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Students-centered teaching and learning methods are the trends in medical education. Many innovative techniques are introduced and implemented to promote active learning by students, like crossword puzzles, a fun educational tool to generate interest, motivate, and enhance the critical thinking of medical students. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the perception of medical students toward crossword puzzles.

Materials and Methods:

This is an interventional study done on II MBBS students in the department of pathology. The crossword puzzles are created, and students are allowed to solve them for 15 min after a didactic lecture. Then, students are provided with a questionnaire to assess their perceptions toward this technique. The knowledge gained and retained was evaluated by short answer questions in comparison with topics dealt with only by traditional lectures. Descriptive and analytical statistical analysis of mean, standard deviation, and paired t-test for analysis of scores of both methods are done.

Results:

The majority of the students in this study perceived that crossword puzzles helped in better understanding of concepts, were fun education tools, challenging and problem-solving, emphasized the core topic, helped reinforcement of lectures, encouraged active learning, and improved overall thinking. The P value between the scores by only lecture method and that reinforced by crossword puzzles was extremely statistically significant. Thus crossword puzzles can be used to enhance retention and help in reinforcement learning.

Conclusions:

Crossword puzzles are an innovative learning method which promotes active learning and overall thinking of the students. This can be implemented in medical schools as a simple, creative, and effective means of holistic learning.
Diagnostic and Management Challenges of Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy: A Case Series
Authors: De Anirban , Dwivedi Deepak , Mohan Sanil , Roy Palash
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy remains an elusive and potentially fatal complication of a rare liver disease in late pregnancy. Due to sparse research, diagnostic dilemmas, and multi-organ involvement of the disease, it is imperative to elaborate the evaluation and management principles to confine the outcomes.

Case Reports:

Here, we aim to discuss in detail the peripartum manifestations and goal-directed management protocols in a case series of four patients managed at a tertiary care setup in India.

Conclusion:

It was found that all four cases had varied presentations ranging from asymptomatic hypoglycemia to liver failure and multiorgan dysfunction requiring a multidisciplinary perioperative care approach to prevent complications by incorporating supportive care along with latest available point of care diagnostics, interventional care, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) and Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).
Elevating healthcare with emotional intelligence: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sahney Ruby , Malhotra Preeti , Mohanan Akash
Published: August 2024

Emotional intelligence (EI), which includes self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management, is crucial for health-care professionals to deal with highly stressful and emotional situations. It makes it easier to recognise and regulate personal and patient emotions, as well as to make better decisions, manage stress, strengthen patient relationships and achieve better treatment outcomes. The pandemic underscored the need for EI training to boost healthcare professionals’ resilience, communication and efficacy in patient care. A complete approach encompassing support, motivation, protection, education and technology is recommended to improve healthcare workers’ well-being and prepare the healthcare system for future difficulties.
Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of whole pomegranate fruit on cariogenic bacteria and its clinical effect on dental plaque formation in 8–10-year-old children
Authors: Alamdari Mahd Mandana , Aref Parisa , Emadi Fatemeh , Javadi Farnaz , Fard Mohammad Javad Kharazi , Tavassoli-Hojjati Sara
Published: August 2024

Background:

This study aimed to assess the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of the whole pomegranate fruit on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and its clinical effect on dental plaque formation in 8–10-year-old children.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted in two phases of in vitro and clinical trial. In the in vitro phase, the antibacterial effect of 50%–50% hydroalcoholic extract of whole pomegranate fruit on S. mutans and L. acidophilus was assessed by the disc diffusion test. In the double-blind cross-over clinical trial phase, 14 children between 8 and 10 years were randomly assigned to two groups of 38% pomegranate mouthwash and 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) after assessing their baseline dental plaque by oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S). The children were asked not to use any other plaque control measure during the study. Their OHI-S score was measured again after 5 and 14 days using disclosing tablets. Data were analyzed by t-test and paired t-test at 0.05 level of significance.

Results:

The hydroalcoholic extract of pomegranate showed a positive antibacterial effect on S. mutans and L. acidophilus. However, its inhibitory effect was significantly lower than that of 0.12% CHX (P < 0.05). None of the tested mouthwashes inhibited plaque formation, but pomegranate mouthwash and CHX decreased the OHI-S score by 34% and 36%, respectively (P < 0.05), with no significant difference between them (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The whole pomegranate fruit hydroalcoholic extract showed significant inhibitory effects on S. mutans and L. acidophilus. Furthermore, 38% pomegranate mouthwash had a comparable efficacy to CHX in the reduction of dental plaque.
Effect of local anesthetics on renal function: An animal study in Iran
Authors: Gheisari Rasul , Saatchi Masoud , Estakhri Firoozeh , Vossoughi Mehrdad , Bazaei Mohammad , Khosravani Zahra
Published: August 2024

Background:

Although most of the metabolism of local anesthetics (LAs) takes place in the liver, no study has investigated the effect of these anesthetics on the kidney function of single-kidney humans or animals. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of LAs on renal function in single-kidney rats.

Materials and Methods:

The present experimental animal study with two control groups was done in an animal laboratory. Forty-two rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of six rats, including two control groups and five experimental groups. The experimental groups underwent intraperitoneal anesthesia with 2% lidocaine, 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine, 4% articaine, 3% prilocaine with 0.03 IU Felypressin, and 3% mepivacaine, respectively. Unilateral nephrectomy was done. After 24 h, the rats’ blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), and blood specific gravity (BSG) were measured. A standard dose of anesthetics was injected into the peritoneum for 4 days afterward. Then, these indices were measured again 24 h after the last injection. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (version 21.0). One-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s honestly significant difference post hoc, and paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The results indicated significant differences among groups in the rats’ BUN and serum Cr 24 h after nephrectomy (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in BUN, BSG, and Cr among groups after the interventions.

Conclusion:

LAs did not affect renal function in single-kidney rats. Therefore, dentists can use the anesthetics in single-kidney people.
Deep learning for tooth identification and enumeration in panoramic radiographs
Authors: Sadr Soroush , Mohammad-Rahimi Hossein , Ghorbanimehr Mohammad Soroush , Rokhshad Rata , Abbasi Zahra , Soltani Parisa , Moaddabi Amirhossein , Shahab Shahriar , Rohban Mohammad Hossein
Published: August 2024

Background:

Dentists begin the diagnosis by identifying and enumerating teeth. Panoramic radiographs are widely used for tooth identification due to their large field of view and low exposure dose. The automatic numbering of teeth in panoramic radiographs can assist clinicians in avoiding errors. Deep learning has emerged as a promising tool for automating tasks. Our goal is to evaluate the accuracy of a two-step deep learning method for tooth identification and enumeration in panoramic radiographs.

Materials and Methods:

In this retrospective observational study, 1007 panoramic radiographs were labeled by three experienced dentists. It involved drawing bounding boxes in two distinct ways: one for teeth and one for quadrants. All images were preprocessed using the contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization method. First, panoramic images were allocated to a quadrant detection model, and the outputs of this model were provided to the tooth numbering models. A faster region-based convolutional neural network model was used in each step.

Results:

Average precision (AP) was calculated in different intersection-over-union thresholds. The AP50 of quadrant detection and tooth enumeration was 100% and 95%, respectively.

Conclusion:

We have obtained promising results with a high level of AP using our two-step deep learning framework for automatic tooth enumeration on panoramic radiographs. Further research should be conducted on diverse datasets and real-life situations.
Comparison of marginal leakage and retentive strength of implant-supported milled zirconia and cobalt-chromium copings cemented with different temporary cements
Authors: Hendi Amirreza , Falahchai Mehran , Sigaroodi Saeid Hasanpour , Asli Hamid Neshandar
Published: August 2024

Background:

Few studies assessed the effect of coping material (particularly milled metal copings) on the retentive strength of cements and reported contradictory results. Thus, this study aims to assess the marginal leakage and retentive strength of implant-supported milled zirconia and cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) copings cemented with different temporary cements.

Materials and Methods:

In this in vitro study, Zirconia and Co-Cr copings were fabricated on 100 straight titanium abutments. Each group of copings was divided into five subgroups (n = 10) for the use of different cements: permanent zinc-phosphate (ZP) cement, temporary zinc oxide eugenol cement (temp bond [TB]), calcium hydroxide-based temporary cement (Dycal [DC]), polymer-based eugenol-free acrylic-urethane temporary cement (Dentotemp [DT]), and methacrylate-based temporary cement (Implantlink [IL]). The retentive strength and marginal leakage of restorations were assessed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey, and Fisher’s exact tests (α = 0.05).

Results:

In the Co-Cr group, the retentive strength values (in Newtons) were as follows: ZP (411.40 ± 5.19) >DC (248.80 ± 5.01) >IL (200.10 ± 5.06) >DT (157.90 ± 5.19) >TB (98.50 ± 6.88). This order was as follows in the zirconia group: ZP (388.70 ± 5.35) >DC (226.60 ± 5.08) >IL (179.00 ± 3.71) >DT (136.00 ± 4.88) >TB (78.60 ± 3.50). All pairwise comparisons were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The difference in marginal leakage was not significant among the groups (P = 0.480).

Conclusion:

The type of coping material and cement type significantly affected retentive strength, but not marginal leakage, of implant restorations. Milled Co-Cr copings showed higher retentive strength than zirconia copings, and ZP cement followed by DC yielded the highest retention.
Is caries prevalence site-specific in cleft lip and palate patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gupta Alpa , Sethi Simar , Wadhwa Jitesh , Batra Puneet , Shick Elizabeth A.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Previous systematic reviews indicate that there is an increased prevalence of caries in cleft patients in comparison to their healthy control group. To date, the prevalence of caries between unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) has not been quantitatively evaluated. This review aims to include published studies that examined caries prevalence in patients with UCLP and BCLP to find out whether a quantitative difference exists in caries experience among them.

Materials and Methods:

Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost databases were searched from inception to November 2021. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO registration no. CRD2021292425. Prevalence-based studies that evaluated caries experience using the decayed–missing–filled teeth (DMFT) index in the permanent dentition or dmft in case of primary dentition in patients with UCLP or BCLP were included in the analysis with the outcome given in mean and standard deviation. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effect model through a forest plot. An adapted version of the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies was modified to assess the quality of included studies.

Results:

Three studies were included in the review. The difference in caries prevalence was statistically significant in the permanent and primary dentition which were evaluated using DMFT and dmft scores with P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively. Forest plot values were obtained for permanent dentition (DMFT) and primary dentition (dmft), 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–0.11) and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.69–0.03), respectively. The result of the meta-analysis indicates that patients with BCLP have higher caries prevalence.

Conclusion:

The outcome of the study indicates a higher occurrence of caries in patients with BCLP than UCLP in both permanent and primary dentition.
Evaluation of 940-nm diode laser effectiveness on pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing in chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical single-masked split-mouth study
Authors: Seyed-Monir Ali , Seyed-Monir Ebrahim , Mihandoust Sanaz
Published: August 2024

Background:

Diode lasers can be used in the treatment of periodontal diseases as they have an anti-bactericidal effect, and regulate oral tissue inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the adjunctive effects of Diode 940 nm laser on mechanical periodontal debridement.

Materials and Methods:

In this split-mouth single-blind randomized clinical trial, 12 patients were selected. Forty-four oral segments were enrolled in the scaling and root planing (SRP) group and SRP + Laser group with a 1:1 allocation ratio following a simple randomization procedure (coin flip). Clinical parameters (pocket depth, clinical attachment loss [CAL], and bleeding on probing [BOP]) were measured at baseline. After the SRP, a 940 nm Diode laser (1 Watt power and continuous wave mode) was used in the SRP + Laser group as an adjunctive treatment. The clinical parameters were remeasured 2 months posttreatment. Statistical analysis was carried out using an unpaired t-test with a 5% significant level by SPSS.

Results:

Although all clinical parameters had more improvements in the SRP + Laser group, the differences were not significant between the two study groups (P > 0.05). Only in individual tooth evaluations, CAL changes in first and second premolars and BOP changes in second premolars show statistically significant improvement in the SRP + L group compared to the SRP group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Using diode 940 nm laser as an adjunctive treatment for SRP may be helpful and be suggested for periodontal treatment.
Cosmetic, Hemispherical Silicone Button for Emergency Application for Acne Abscess
Authors: Suntsova Darya O. , Yagudin Ilnur I. , Shangareeva Elmira M. , Sakhbiyeva Evelina S.
Published: August 2024

Accidental mechanical damage to acne and evacuation of the contents, resulting in a gateway for infection, is a problem that affects a large proportion of acne patients. Therefore, cosmetic, hemispherical silicone buttons were invented to help patients cope with this problem.
Case Series to Depict the Outcomes of Commonly Available Laboratory Investigations in Molluscum-Like Skin Lesions Among HIV Positive Patients
Authors: Balasubramanian Pradeep , Laldinthari Chhakchhuak , Lalngaihzuali Rebecca , Laltlanzovi C , Roy Swagnik , Laldinmawii Gracy , Lalnunpuia Robert , Sailo Lalnunsangi
Published: August 2024

Molluscum-like skin lesions in HIV patients can be the presenting feature of the vast array of diseases. Hence, laboratory investigations play a crucial role in making an accurate etiological diagnosis. The studies that discuss the outcomes of commonly performed laboratory tests in molluscum-like lesions in HIV patients are very sparse. Hence, we conducted a study to bridge this literature gap. This study was conducted among four patients with HIV who had molluscum-like skin lesions. Shave biopsy was performed on all the patients and the specimens were sent for potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount/gram stain, fungal culture and histopathological examination. The tissue samples from cases 1, 2, 3 and 4 are mentioned as samples A, B, C and D, respectively. KOH mount showed yeast-like rounded bodies around 6 μm in size in samples A and B. The KOH mount in samples C and D showed septate branching hyphae. KOH mount in sample C also showed large rounded bodies around 35 μm which were identified as molluscum bodies. The histopathology of samples A and B showed features suggestive of talaromycosis whereas the histopathology of samples C and D showed features of molluscum contagiosum. Culture in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar grew T. marneffei in samples A, B and C. The commonly available laboratory tests immensely help in establishing the diagnosis of molluscum-like skin lesions. However, certain nuances in laboratory tests need to be understood lucidly. Studies with larger sample sizes need to be conducted to determine the possible co-infection of poxvirus and T. marneffei, as witnessed in sample C.
Comorbidities in Paediatric Psoriasis
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Meena Amit K. , Verma Bharati , Jain Ashna
Published: August 2024

Background:

Psoriasis begins in childhood in around one-third of the cases. There has been conflicting evidence regarding the association of paediatric psoriasis with comorbidities.

Aims and Objectives:

The objective of this study was to find out various comorbidities (abnormal body mass index, metabolic syndrome, lipid abnormalities, diabetes mellitus, and raised blood glucose) associated with paediatric psoriasis.

Materials and Methods:

All patients of psoriasis (age <18 years) who visited the Paediatric Psoriasis clinic from January 2017 to September 2021 were recruited in this record-based study.

Results:

Records of 100 patients were analysed, with female to male ratio of 1:1. The age group ranged from 11 months to 18 years. The average body surface area involved was 5.43%. The average psoriasis area and severity index was 2.47. Joint involvement was seen in 7% of patients in our study. A total of 52 (52%) patients had abnormal body mass index, out of which 21 patients were overweight and 31 were obese. At least one lipid abnormality was found in 66 (66%) patients. The most common lipid abnormality was decreased high-density lipoprotein, followed by raised total cholesterol, raised total triglycerides and raised low-density lipoprotein. 8 (8%) patients were found to have raised blood glucose levels. Out of which, six had impaired fasting glucose and two were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. 5 (5%) patients were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion:

Paediatric psoriasis is a chronic disfiguring disease and may have profound emotional and psychological effects. There is a lack of studies from India on the prevalence of these comorbidities in paediatric psoriasis. More studies are required from different parts of the world for a better understanding of paediatric psoriasis.