bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMPODERAMENTO E EDUCAÇÃO NA LUTA PELOS DIREITOS DA MULHER NO BRASIL
Authors: Almeida Cristiane Roque de , Teixeira Sousa Lorena de Barros
Published: October 2021

A violência contra a mulher figura como opressão mais resistente no tempo e no espaço. Tal opressão, porém, se verifica estrutural, atingindo, de alguma maneira, todas as mulheres. Nesse sentido, neste artigo, a partir de um resgate histórico da submissão da mulher pelo homem, apontamos as leis que marcaram os direitos das mulheres, conquistados, sobretudo, pelas lutas feministas. A partir de uma perspectiva histórica e descritiva, com uma dimensão também explicativa, mostramos que, apesar dos direitos conquistados, a mesma legislação que os garantiu, utiliza-os como instrumentos que formalizam a diferença dos sexos como, por exemplo, a diferença salarial ou mesmo o acesso ao trabalho formal entre mulheres e homens.
ESTADO E POVOS INDÍGENAS NO PARAGUAI DO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Telesca Ignacio
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho pretende refletir sobre o Paraguai, em meados do século XIX, anterior à Guerra. O objetivo geral é compreender a sociedade paraguaia e a conformação do Estado, ao problematizar as posições assumidas no governo de Carlos Antonio López para entender a complexidade da sociedade paraguaia do período. Para este propósito, um estudo de caso é abordado: o decreto de supressão dos Pueblos de Indios em 1848. Por um lado, o Estado é visto como uma instituição em ação e, por outro, se busca mostrar como essa visão desde o topo se estilhaça quando se analisa os atos do Estado a partir do vida diária dos afetados e de suas relações com a autoridade.
“TEMOS PROFESSORES COM FORMAÇÃO NOS ESTADOS UNIDOS!”: O VALOR DO CURSO DE INGLÊS NO EXTERIOR
Authors: Sousa Cruz Edna
Published: October 2021

Este estudo abordou a internacionalização do ensino básico tendo como referência o Programa de Desenvolvimento para Professores de Inglês-PDPI. Como metodologia norteadora da análise dos dados, o estudo utilizou a História Oral por meio da qual foi feita a análise interpretativa da narrativa dos entrevistados. Os dados apontam que, no contexto de globalização, o PDPI figura como estratégia de internacionalização da educação básica tendo como principal instrumento o ensino da língua inglesa.
ENTRE LIVROS E JORNAIS: AMPLIANDO A AUTONOMIA DIDÁTICA DOS PROFESSORES COM A HISTÓRIA LOCAL
Authors: Dantas Robson Norberto
Published: October 2021

Relato de experiência com a produção de material didático sobre História Local, com um grupo de professores da educação básica, onde coletivamente elegemos um tema, a sua problematização, periodização, levantamento e análise de fontes. O resultado final foi a produção de um conjunto de textos para uso na sala de aula.
DOCUMENTOS DE ARQUIVOS PARTICULARES NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Graebin Cleusa Maria Gomes , Alves Samuel da Silva
Published: October 2021

Este artigo propõe reflexão acerca das potencialidades de utilização de fontes oriundas de arquivos particulares no ensino de História, com ênfase nas estratégias de mobilização eleitoral utilizadas durante o período de 1945-1964. Nosso estudo utiliza um corpus documental relativo à campanha de Walter Peracchi Barcelos nas eleições de 1958, no Rio Grande do Sul, na qual foi candidato ao Governo do Estado. Tais fontes são oriundas do arquivo particular desse político, que se encontra custodiado no Arquivo Histórico do Rio Grande do Sul, em Porto Alegre. Após refletirmos sobre arquivos particulares, história política e discutirmos o corpus documental, apresentamos uma sequência didática a ser trabalhada com alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DE ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA DA AMÉRICA E HISTÓRIA INDÍGENA NA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL: ENTRE DEMANDAS ACADÊMICAS E FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Carneiro Sampaio Maria Clara Sales , Melo Valéria Moreira Coelho de , Cavalcanti Erinaldo
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para a reflexão acerca da formação docente no que tange aos conteúdos de ensino de História das Américas e História Indígena, estabelecendo um diálogo com a Lei nº 11.645, de 10 de março de 2008. Partir-se-á das experiências desenvolvidas na Faculdade de História (FAHIST) da Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará (Unifesspa), na cidade de Marabá, na Amazônia Oriental.
ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA E AS NARRATIVAS FÍLMICAS DE A HISTÓRIA DAS COISAS E TEMPOS MODERNOS
Authors: Bringel Eliane Leite Barbosa , Almeida Vasni de
Published: October 2021

Este texto apresenta uma análise e possibilidades das narrativas fílmicas de “A História das Coisas”, de Annie Leonard (2007), e “Tempos Modernos”, de Charles Chaplin (1936), na perspectiva de o filme ser utilizado como recurso didático-pedagógico nas aulas de História, tendo como ponto de partida pesquisa feita no Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de História [ProfHistória, programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Ensino de História/Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), cidade de Araguaína, Estado de Tocantins (TO), Brasil], que teve como objetivo investigar o uso do filme na condição de recurso didático-pedagógico significativo no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de História. Buscamos também nos aproximar das compreensões dos alunos acerca da utilização do mencionado recurso. A análise e o uso dos filmes em uma proposta didática evidenciaram que eles podem contribuir para a (des)construção do conhecimento histórico em sala de aula.
Vision-based reinforcement learning for lane-tracking control
Authors: Kalapos András , Gór Csaba , Moni Róbert , Harmati István
Published: October 2021

The present study focused on vision-based
end-to-end reinforcement learning in relation to
vehicle control problems such as lane following and collision
avoidance. The controller policy presented in this paper is able to control
a small-scale robot to follow the right-hand lane of a real two-lane road,
although its training has only been carried out in a simulation. This model,
realised by a simple, convolutional network, relies on images of a
forward-facing monocular camera and generates continuous actions that
directly control the vehicle. To train this policy, proximal policy
optimization was used, and to achieve the generalisation capability required
for real performance, domain randomisation was used. A thorough analysis of
the trained policy was conducted by measuring multiple performance metrics
and comparing these to baselines that rely on other methods. To assess the
quality of the simulation-to-reality transfer learning process and the
performance of the controller in the real world, simple metrics were
measured on a real track and compared with results from a matching
simulation. Further analysis was carried out by visualising salient object
maps.
Using coverage path planning methods for car park exploration
Authors: Ádám Anna Barbara , Kocsány László , Gincsainé Szádeczky-Kardoss Emese
Published: October 2021

With the increasing number of vehicles on the roads, finding a free
parking space has become a time-consuming problem. Traditional car parks are
not equipped with occupancy sensors, so planning a systematic traversal of a
car park can ease and shorten the search. Since car park exploration is
similar to coverage path planning (CPP) problems, the core concepts of CPP
algorithms can be used. This paper presents a method that divides maps into
smaller cells using trapezoidal cell decomposition and then plans the
traversal using wavefront algorithm core concepts. This method can be used
for multi-storey car parks by planning the traversal of each floor
separately and then the path from one floor to the next. Several alternative
explorational paths can be generated by taking different personal
preferences into account, such as the length of the driven route and the
proximity to preferred locations. The planned traversals are compared by
step number, the cell visitedness ratio, the number of visits to each cell
and the cost function. The comparison of the methods is based on simulation
results.
Distributed coverage optimisation for a fleet of unmanned maritime
systems
Authors: De Cubber Geert , Lahouli Rihab , Doroftei Daniela , Haelterman Rob
Published: October 2021

Unmanned maritime systems (UMS) can provide important benefits
for maritime law enforcement agencies for tasks such as area surveillance
and patrolling, especially when they are able to work together as one
coordinated system. In this context, this paper proposes a methodology that
optimises the coverage of a fleet of UMS, thereby maximising the
opportunities for identifying threats. Unlike traditional approaches to
maritime coverage optimisation, which are also used, for example, in search
and rescue operations when searching for victims at sea, this approach takes
into consideration the limited seaworthiness of small UMS, compared with
traditional large ships, by incorporating the danger level into the design
of the optimiser.
Fault compensation effect in fault detection and isolation
Authors: Bartys Michal
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the origin and problem of
the fault compensation effect. The fault compensation effect is an
underrated common side effect of the fault isolation approaches developed
within the Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) community. In part, this is
justified due to the relatively low probability of such an effect. On the
other hand, there is a common belief that the inability to isolate faults
due to this effect is the evident drawback of model-based diagnostics. This
paper shows how, and under which conditions, the fault compensation effect
can be identified. In this connection, the necessary and sufficient
conditions for the fault compensation effect are formulated and exemplified
by diagnosing a single buffer tank system in open and closed-loop
arrangements. In this regard, we also show the drawbacks of a bi-valued
residual evaluation for fault isolation. In contrast, we outline the
advantages of a three-valued residual evaluation. This paper also brings a
series of conclusions allowing for a better understanding of the fault
compensation effect. In addition, we show the difference between fault
compensation and fault-masking effects.
Vibration-based tool life monitoring for ceramics micro-cutting under
various toolpath strategies
Authors: Viharos Zsolt János , Móricz László , Büki Máté István
Published: October 2021

The 21st century manufacturing technology is unimagined without the
various CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) toolpath generation programs. The
aims of developing the toolpath strategies which are offered by the cutting
control software is to ensure the longest possible tool lifetime and high
efficiency of the cutting method. In this paper, the goal is to compare the
efficiency of the 3 types of tool path strategies in the very special field
of micro-milling of ceramic materials. The dimensional distortion of the
manufactured geometries served to draw the Taylor curve for describing the
wearing progress of the cutting tool helping to determine the worn-in,
normal and wear out stages. These isolations allow to separate the connected
high-frequency vibration measurements as well. Applying the novel feature
selection technique of the authors, the basis for the vibration based
micro-milling tool condition monitoring for ceramics cutting is presented
for different toolpath strategies. It resulted in the identification of the
most relevant vibration signal features and the presentation of the
identified and automatically separated tool wearing stages as well.
Microwave reflectometric systems and monitoring apparatus for
diffused-sensing applications
Authors: Cataldo Andrea , De Benedetto Egidio , Schiavoni Raissa , Tedesco Annarita , Masciullo Antonio , Cannazza Giuseppe
Published: October 2021

Most sensing networks rely on punctual/local
sensors; they thus lack the ability to spatially resolve the quantity to be
monitored (e.g. a temperature or humidity profile) without relying on the
deployment of numerous inline sensors. Currently, most quasi-distributed or
distributed sensing technologies rely on the use of optical fibre systems.
However, these are generally expensive, which limits their large-scale
adoption. Recently, elongated sensing elements have been successfully used
with time-domain reflectometry (TDR) to implement diffused monitoring
solutions. The advantage of TDR is that it is a relatively low-cost
technology, with adequate measurement accuracy and the potential to be
customised to suit the specific needs of different application contexts in
the 4.0 era. Based on these considerations, this paper addresses the design,
implementation and experimental validation of a novel generation of
elongated sensing element networks, which can be permanently installed in
the systems that need to be monitored and used for obtaining the diffused
profile of the quantity to be monitored. Three applications are considered
as case studies: monitoring the irrigation process in agriculture, leak
detection in underground pipes and the monitoring of building
structures.
Bridge Plating with Masquelet Technique for Ballistic Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Injury
Authors: Aziz Keith T. , Wigton Michael D.
Published: October 2021

Case:

A 70-year-old man sustained a ballistic injury to the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of his left index finger. He was treated with bridge plate osteogenesis with staged bone grafting using an antibiotic spacer to manage bone loss. The patient demonstrated union, excellent functional recovery, and the ability to make a composite fist by 6 months.

Conclusion:

Ballistic injury to the PIP joint of the finger is a challenging injury to manage. This case demonstrates that length and alignment can be maintained with good functional range of motion using a combination of bridge plate distraction osteogenesis and the Masquelet technique.
Removal of the Northern Paleo-Teton Range along the Yellowstone Hotspot Track
Authors: Thigpen Ryan , Brown Summer J. , Helfrich Autumn L. , Hoar Rachel , McGlue Michael , Woolery Edward , Guenthner William R. , Swallom Meredith L. , Dixon Spencer , Gallen Sean
Published: October 2021

Classically held mechanisms for removing mountain topography (e.g., erosion and gravitational collapse) require 10-100 Myr or more to completely remove tectonically generated relief. Here, we propose that mountain ranges can be completely and rapidly (<2 Myr) removed by a migrating hotspot. In western North America, multiple mountain ranges, including the Teton Range, terminate at the boundary with the relatively low relief track of the Yellowstone hotspot. This abrupt transition leads to a previously untested hypothesis that preexisting mountainous topography along the track has been erased. We integrate thermochronologic data collected from the footwall of the Teton fault with flexural-kinematic modeling and length-displacement scaling to show that the paleo-Teton fault and associated Teton Range was much longer (min. original length 190-210 km) than the present topographic expression of the range front (~65 km) and extended across the modern-day Yellowstone hotspot track. These analyses also indicate that the majority of fault displacement (min. 11.4-12.6 km) and the associated footwall mountain range growth had accumulated prior to Yellowstone encroachment at ~2 Ma, leading us to interpret that eastward migration of the Yellowstone hotspot relative to stable North America led to removal of the paleo-Teton mountain topography via posteruptive collapse of the range following multiple supercaldera (VEI 8) eruptions from 2.0 Ma to 600 ka and/or an isostatic collapse response, similar to ranges north of the Snake River plain. While this extremely rapid removal of mountain ranges and adjoining basins is probably relatively infrequent in the geologic record, it has important implications for continental physiography and topography over very short time spans.
Neural Responses to Facial Attractiveness in the Judgments of Moral Goodness and Moral Beauty
Authors: Cheng Qiuping , Han Zhili , Liu Shun , Kong Yilong , Weng Xuchu , Mo Lei
Published: October 2021

The judgments of moral goodness and moral beauty objectively refer to the perception and evaluation of moral traits, which are generally influenced by facial attractiveness. For centuries, people have equated beauty with the possession of positive qualities, but it is not clear whether the association between beauty and positive qualities exerts a similarly implicit influence on people`s responses to moral goodness and moral beauty, how it affects those responses, and what is the neural basis for such an effect. The present study is the first to examine the neural responses to facial attractiveness in the judgments of moral goodness and moral beauty. We found that beautiful faces in both moral judgments activated the left ventral occipitotemporal cortices sensitive to the geometric configuration of the faces, demonstrating that both moral goodness and moral beauty required the automatic visual analysis of geometrical configuration of attractive faces. In addition, compared to beautiful faces during moral goodness judgment, beautiful faces during moral beauty judgment induced unique activity in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and midline cortical structures involved in the emotional-valenced information about attractive faces. The opposite comparison elicited specific activity in the left superior temporal cortex and premotor area, which play a critical role in the recognition of facial identity. Our results demonstrated that the neural responses to facial attractiveness in the process of higher order moral decision-makings exhibits both task-general and task-specific characteristics. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the essence of the relationship between morality and aesthetics.
Evaluation of the Effect of Covid-19 on Optic Disk and Macula with Oct and Oct-Angiography
Authors: Dogan Nese Cetin , Ciloglu Emine , Şimdivar Göksu Hande Naz , İncekalan Tuğba Kurumoğlu
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the optic nerve, retina, and retinal vessel parameters in recovered COVID-19 patients and compare to the healthy subjects by using optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).METHODS: Fiftysix eyes of 29 patients recovered from COVID-19 infection and 47 eyes of 26 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. COVID-19 patients had to be fully recovered and were evaluated 1-3 months after COVID-19 infection. The primary outcome resulted from OCTA studies of the following vascular structures: vessel density (VD) in the foveal superficial capillary plexus (SFVD), foveal deep capillary plexus (DFVD), parafoveal superficial capillary plexus (SPVD), parafoveal deep capillary plexus (SPVD), radial peripapillary capillaries (RPC), whole disc (WD), inside disc (InD), superior,inferior, nasal, temporal peripapillary retinal VD and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) compared to those of controls. Structural spectral domain (SD)-OCT parameters were also evaluated, foveal macular thickness (FMT), parafoveal macular thickness (PMT), choroidal thickness (CT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL).RESULTS: The patients showed a significant reduction in SPVD compared to those in healthy subjects (P=0.008). COVID-19 patients featured an increased CT compared to that in controls (P <0.001). No differences were found in the FMT or PMT between the groups. VD of WD was not significantly different between the groups but InD VD was reduced in patient group (p=0.027). The superior RNFL was increased in the COVID-19 group compared to that in controls (p=0.022).CONCLUSION: The eye is among the organs affected in COVID-19 infection. OCT and OCTA is a valuable non-invasive method that can be used to monitor the effects of COVID-19 on the retina, choroid and optic disc.
Core Control Principles of the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
Authors: Basu Souradeep , Nurse Paul , Jones Andrew
Published: October 2021

Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) lie at the heart of eukaryotic cell cycle control, with different Cyclin-CDK complexes initiating DNA replication (S-CDKs) and mitosis (M-CDKs). However, the principles on which Cyclin-CDKs organise the temporal order of cell cycle events are contentious. The currently most widely accepted model, is that the S-CDKs and M-CDKs are functionally specialised, with significant different substrate specificities to execute different cell cycle events. A second model is that S-CDKs and M-CDKs are redundant with each other, with both acting as sources of overall cellular CDK activity. Here we reconcile these two views of core cell cycle control.
Using a multiplexed phosphoproteomics assay of in vivo S-CDK and M-CDK activities in fission yeast, we show that S-CDK and M-CDK substrate specificities are very similar, showing that S-CDKs are not completely specialised for S-phase alone. Normally S-CDK cannot undergo mitosis, but is able to do so when Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) is removed from the centrosome, allowing several mitotic substrates to be better phosphorylated by S-CDK in vivo. Thus, an increase in S-CDK activity in vivo is sufficient to allow S-CDK to carry out M-CDK function. Therefore, we unite the two opposing views of cell cycle control, showing that the core cell cycle engine which temporally orders cell cycle progression is largely based upon a quantitative increase of CDK activity through the cell cycle, combined with minor qualitative differences in catalytic specialisation of S-CDKs and M-CDKs.
Nest-Building Effort is Not An Indicator of Male Quality In Bonelli’s Eagles, Aquila fasciata
Authors: Martínez José E. , Zuberogoitia Íñigo , Calvo José F. , Álvarez Mario , Margalida Antoni
Published: October 2021

Raptors often use a variety of materials to build their nests (natural, such as branches, but also non-natural objects), presumably due to their insulating properties, their suitability to advertise occupancy of the nest, and to decrease pathogen and parasite loads. The amount of branches used in a nest is an indicator of parental quality and is often associated with increased breeding success. However, in raptors where both sexes collaborate in nest construction, it is unclear whether the effort expended by males (taking the amount of material carried to the nest as the potential predictor) could constitute an honest signal of parental quality to female conspecifics. We examined data on sex, type of material brought to the nest, breeding experience, timing, and nest-building investment prior to egg-laying from 32 identifiable Bonelli’s Eagles (Aquila fasciata) during the pre-laying period to investigate the relative contribution of the sexes to the amount of nest material gathered. We asked: (1) whether the nest-building investment of males could provide information to the females about their quality; and (2) whether the amount of material delivered to the nest by the male was related to breeding success. Despite the considerable investment of males in nest-building during the pre-laying period, our results indicate that this effort is not a consistent indicator of male quality to the female. Therefore, male nest-building behaviour and investment by Bonelli’s Eagles cannot be considered as an extended expression of their phenotype (an extended phenotypic signal). Nest-building behaviour by males in the early and late stages of nest-building, and the fact that males were not significantly more active builders, are discussed in the contexts of signaling nest occupancy to conspecifics and competitors, the decrease of parasite loads, and the strengthening of the pair-bond during the pre-laying period.
Arthroscopic Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Insertion Reconstruction and Plication for Medial Patellar Retinaculum Using Suture Anchor in First Acute Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Xu Tao , Xu Liuhai , Li Xinzhi , Zhou You
Published: October 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of arthroscopic medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) insertion reconstruction and plication for medial patellar retinaculum using suture anchor combined with lateral retinacular release in first acute patellar dislocation (APD) with MPFL insertion injury in adolescents.Methods: A prospective study was performed between January 2016 and July 2019. The series included 61 cases of adolescent patients with first APD. There were 7 males and 54 females with an average age of 15.5 years (10 to 22). All cases were treated with arthroscopic suture anchor plication for medial patellar retinaculum combined with lateral retinacular release. Congruence angle (CA), lateral patellar angle (LPA), and patellar tilt angle (PTA) are measured by CT scan between last follow-up and preoperative. In addition, the patients were evaluated with the Lysholm and Kujala scores.Results: The average follow-up time was 40.9 months (24-60 months). All 61 knees showed excellent or good results postoperatively. The Lysholm score increased significantly from 58.6±8.1 to 91.9±5.0 at the last follow-up postoperatively (P<0.001 ). The Kujala scores increased significantly from 60.4±7.3 to 88.9±4.8 at the last follow-up postoperatively (P < 0.001). CA in 0° extension position was improved significantly from 19.8±2.1° preoperatively to -6.7±1.7° at the last follow-up (P<0.001), LPA was increased from -7.4±2.2° to 5.7±1.8° (P<0.001), and PTA was increased from 23.8±2.9° to 12.3 ±2.3° (P<0.001). The postoperative mean Lysholm and Kujala scores were 91.9 (81–100) and 88.9 (79–100), respectively.Conclusions: When the first APD occurs associated with the MPFL avulsed from the patella, the presented technique could not only reattach MPFL at the patellar border but also strengthen the medial patellar retinaculum. This anatomical repair technique can significantly improve the stability of the patella and has the advantage of being less invasive by the full-arthroscopic approach.
miR-25 and miR-92b Regulate Insulin Biosynthesis and Pancreatic β-Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Shen Zhiyi , Yu Yongkai , Yang Yuqian , Xiao Xiao , Sun Tong , Chang Xiaoai , Tang Wei , Zhu Yunxia , Han Xiao
Published: October 2021

Purpose. - Pancreatic β-cell failure is a central hallmark of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus; however, the molecular basis underlying chronic inflammation-caused β-cell failure remains unclear. This study reported here specifically assessed the association between miR-25/miR-92b family and β-cell failure in diabetes.Methods. - IL-1β and two additional ER stress activators, palmitate and tunicamycin were applied to evaluate the expression level miR-25 by Taqman® RT-PCR. Glucose- and potassium-stimulated insulin secretion assays were performed to assess β-cell function. Dual luciferase activity, and western blotting assays were utilized for miR-25 target gene verification. CCK-8 and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate β-cell viability and apoptosis.Results. – miRNA ChIP identified the increased level of miR-25 in INS-1 cells by IL-1β treatment. Expression levels of miR-25 were significantly upregulated with the treatment of IL-1β, palmitate or tunicamycin in both INS-1 cells and human islets. Ectopic elevation of miR-25 recapitulated most featured β-cell defects caused by IL-1β, including inhibition of insulin biosynthesis and increased β-cell apoptosis. These detrimental effects of miR-25 relied on its seed sequence recognition and repressed expression of its target genes Neurod1 and Mcl1. The miR-25/NEUROD1 axis reduced insulin biosynthesis via transcriptional regulation of β-cell specific genes. The miR-25/MCL1 axis caused β-cell apoptosis in a caspase 3/PARP1-dependent manner. Comparable impairments were generated by miR-92b and miR-25, emphasizing the redundant biological roles of miRNA family members with the same seed sequence. Conclusion. - MiR-25/miR-92b family plays a major role in β-cell failure occurring under inflammation and diabetes states.
A Novel Weighted Complex Evidence Combination with Its Application in Multisource Information Fusion
Authors: He Huaping , He Liting , Xiao Fuyuan
Published: October 2021

With the development of evidence theory, classical Dempster-Shafer evidence theory has been extended to complex plane, called complex evidence theory. However, counterintuitive result may occurs in the case when fusing conflicting complex evidences. To address this problem, a new multisource information fusion method is proposed by means of complex evidential distance function. This proposed method can reduce the impact of abnormal complex evidence on the fusion results to better support decision. A numerical example and an application of medical diagnosis verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed fusion method.
Antecedents And Consequences of Adopting CLTS Among Tribal Communities To Become Open Defecation Free: Case Study On Indian Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Authors: Adlakha Amit , Pathak Paritosh , Kumar Anup , Pandey Prashant
Published: October 2021

The Swachh Bharat Mission undertaken by the Government of India (GoI) has been successful in accomplishing this objective within a short period thereby catalyzing governance following Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is the responsibility of any democratic nation to ensure that its citizens have universal access to adequate and equitable sanitation. The key approach adopted by the Government of India in this regard was Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS), also termed as Community Approach to Total Sanitation (CATS). An effort has been made in the study to affirm that even the marginalized sections of the society residing in tribal communities of West Bengal and Chhattisgarh have benefitted from this Government of India Mission and derived the required benefits. There is enough literature available to support the justification that civil participation holds the key for successful implementation of CLTS thereby making the communities Open Defecation Free (ODF). It is therefore imperative to understand the behavioural transformation that takes place during the CLTS Implementation. A hybrid model has been proposed in the study making use of the Theory of Reseasoned Action (TRA) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to understand the pre-adoption and post-adoption behavior of residents. Field surveys were conducted in tribal communities residing in the Dantewada District of Chhattisgarh and Malda District of West Bengal. Questionnaires’ were designed in native languages to solicit unrestrained feedback from the respondents. The model was empirically tested for several hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that Subjective Norms (SN) prevalent in the society and Facilitating Conditions (FC) are the major determinants that ensure the Continuation of Intention for CLTS. They play a pivotal role in improving the health and hygiene conditions in the region and thus decrease the risk of spread of epidemic diseases.
Identification of Novel ADGRV1 and KCNC2 Variants Using Whole-Exome Sequencing in Two Colombian Patients with Usher and Encephalopathy Syndromes
Authors: Candelo Estephania , Diaz-Ordoñez Lorena , Pacheco Rafael , Ruiz Emelina , Pachajoa Harry
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Usher syndrome has a broad phenotypic and genotypic spectrum. Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy-52 (DEE52) is a sever autosomal recessive seizure disorder that is characterized by infantile onset of refractory seizures, consequently resulting in delayed global development. This study aimed to describe the clinical features and to investigate the four variants identified in a Colombian family with Usher syndrome and KCNC2 encephalopathy syndrome.Methods and Results: We present a case of a family with two clinically relevant phenotypes: a mother with a compound heterozygous mutation causing Usher Syndrome, type IIC (USH2C) and her 15-year-old son who carried one heterozygous variant in the KCNC2 gene (p.P470S) and two cis mutations (p.V2927I and p.Q4955EfsTer10) in the ADGRV1 gene segregated from his mother, and a second non-disrupted allele. Owing to this, the boy did not present with USH2C but presented a developmental epilepsy syndrome. His younger sibling was unaffected, although he did inherit the trans mutation in a single pathogenic allele from his mother.Discussion and Conclusion: Whole-exome sequencing helps detect genes related to known and novel hearing loss and seizure syndrome. However, familiar segregation studies are an excellent method to clarify genotype-phenotype correlation in families, where multiple genes of clinically relevant have been identified. This method helps determine the genotype-phenotype relationship of a disease, which is associated with the clinical presentation and determines the pathogenicity of variants that are classified as variants of uncertain clinical significance.
Surgical Repair for Left Coronary Artery-right Atrium Fistula With Giant Coronary Aneurysm: Case Report
Authors: Jin Yan , Zhang Mengfei , He Juan
Published: October 2021

Background: Coronary artery fistula is a rare coronary anomaly which is defined as a communication between coronary artery and other heart chambers or vascular structures. The coronary artery which supply the fistula with blood can dilated, as a consequence, coronary aneurysm developed. Case introduction: Coronary artery fistula is frequently asymptomatic in its early stage, here we report a 26-year-old woman with left coronary artery fistula and left coronary artery aneurysm who presented in our hospital with dyspnea, fatigue and palpitation. The orifice of fistula was closed by continuous suture via right atriotomy. The wall of the aneurysm and enlarged LCA were partially resected along its longitudinal axis so that we can reduce the diameter of LCA to approximately normal.Conclusion: This technique provides a safe method for surgical repair of the giant coronary artery aneurysm with CAF.
Comparison of the Entropy- and Copula-based Precipitation-Streamflow Drought Indices for Assessing Agricultural Drought in Arid and Semi-arid Coastal Areas of Southern Iran
Authors: Bazrafshan Javad , Azhdari Zahra
Published: October 2021

In arid and semi-arid regions, precipitation and seasonal streamflow are the two major sources of water for vegetation. The scarcity of these water sources has a detrimental effect on vegetation cover degradation. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of meteorological and hydrological droughts, and also their combined effects, on vegetation changes in seven coastal sub-basins in southern Iran (part of the Bandar-Sedij and Kol-Mehran catchment). To track meteorological and hydrological droughts, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) were used. The copula function and the entropy approach (which is developed in this research) were used to blend individual meteorological and hydrological drought indices, yielding hybrid indices called the Copula-based Drought Index and the Entropy-based Drought Index (EnDI). The single (i.e., SPI and SDI) and hybrid drought indices (CoDI and EnDI) were compared in terms of temporal behavior, drought severity and duration characteristics, drought frequency, and a bivariate analysis of the drought severity-duration return period. The results indicated that the rank correlation (\({r}_{s}\)) between SPI and SDI ranged between 0.327 and 0.726 in the studied sub-basins. However, the two hybrid indices CoDI and EnDI had extremely high correlations (\({r}_{s}\ge 0.9\)). Despite the fact that meteorological droughts benefited both hybrid drought indices more than hydrological droughts, the contribution of meteorological droughts to EnDI was greater than that of CoDI. Over the study region, CoDI reported droughts that were both longer and more severe than those recorded by EnDI. EnDI showed stronger associations with the Normalized Vegetation Difference Index (NDVI) in nearly all the sub-basins, possibly because precipitation has a greater effect on EnDI than it does on CoDI. EnDI was therefore recommended as a superior index for estimating vegetation droughts throughout the research region.
The Midkine-related ceRNA Network is a Prognostic Marker of Colon Cancer With Perineural Invasion
Authors: wang zhongyu , Yang Zhibin , cheng xianshuo , Fang shaojun
Published: October 2021

BackgroundPerineural invasion (PNI) is a prominent characteristic of multiple solid tumors and indicates poor prognosis[1, 2]. A growing body of evidence emphasizes the critical role of competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA) regulatory networks in various human cancers. However, the complexity and behavior characteristics of the ceRNA network in colon cancer with perineural invasion were still unclear. In this study, we aimed to clarify a midkine(MDK)-related ceRNA regulatory network and identify potential prognostic markers associated with colon cancer with perineural invasion.Material and MethodsWe extract the expression profiles of three RNAs (long non-coding RNAs [lncRNAs], microRNAs [miRNAs], and mRNAs) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In order to construct the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA triple regulatory network in colon cancer with perineural invasion, we performed joint analysis in the MDKhigh and MDKlow expression groups, as well as the colon cancer and paracancerous tissue groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the Overall survival (OS) curves, and the log-rank test was used for testing. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to determine OS-related characteristics.ResultsKCNQ1OT1-miR-454-3p/miR-204-5p-MAP1B ceRNA network related to the prognosis of colon cancer was obtained through bioinformatics analysis. Importantly, we determined the KCNQ1OT1/MAP1B axis in the ceRNA through correlation analysis, and through Cox regression analysis it seems to be a clinical prognostic model. ConclusionIn conclusion, the current study constructing a ceRNA based KCNQ1OT1/MAP1B axis may be a novel important prognostic factor for the diagnosis and prognosis of colon cancer with perineural invasion.
Legal Risks and Coping Strategies of Block Chain Managing Trade Secrets: Enlightenment of Chinese Experience
Authors: Shiyong Song , Yuxia Xing
Published: October 2021

The management and legal protection of trade secrets is the common goal for all countres. Block Chain was found a huge advantage in protecting trade secrets as an advanced form of mathematical application. To better protect trade secrets for solutions, this study was to find out the legal risks faced with Block Chain. Basic theories of trade secrets and Block Chain were analyzed after reviewed literatures and empirical. The contemporary risks faced were put forward combined in practice. The better ways to protect trade secrets were discussed based on the current judicial practice of China. It was argued that problems of electronic storage and evidence collection of trade secrets would be solved Block Chain protection of trade secrets. Great risks and challenges would be confronted ahead albeit confirmed by the judiciary. It was concluded that a long time was dispensable for Block Chain managing and protecting trade secrets.
Effect of Chronic Exposure to Dexamethasone on Rocuronium-induced Neuromuscular Blockade and Sugammadex Reversal: an in Vivo Study on Rats
Authors: Park Ha Yeon , Choi Heyran , Kim Yong Beom , Oh Seok Kyeong , Kim Taehoon , Yang Hong Seuk , In Junyong
Published: October 2021

Background: Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids is associated with resistance to nondepolarising neuromuscular blocking agents. Therefore, we hypothesised that sugammadex-induced recovery in subjects with chronic exposure to dexamethasone was faster than that in subjects without dexamethasone exposure. Objective: To evaluate the recovery profile of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade after sugammadex administration in rats. Design: An in vivo study on rats.Setting: Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Korea, from April 2017 to October 2017.Animals: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats.Intervention: Sprague–Dawley rats were allocated to three groups (dexamethasone group, control group, and pair-fed group) for the in vivo study. Dexamethasone group received daily intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone 500 μg kg-1 or 0.9% saline for 15 days. On the sixteenth day, 3.5 mg kg-1 of rocuronium was administered to achieve complete neuromuscular blockade. Main outcome measures: The recovery time to a train-of-four ratio Results: There were no significant differences in the recovery time to train-of-four ratio to 0.9 among the groups (P = 0.531). The time to second twitch of train-of-four recovery that indicated the duration of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade was significantly shorter in Group D than in Groups C and P (P = 0.001). Conclusion: As previously reported, resistance to rocuronium was observed in rats with chronic exposure to dexamethasone. However, the neuromuscular recovery time after sugammadex administration was not significantly different between groups.
Social Entrepreneurship as an Innovative Form of Business
Authors: Borscheva Natalia , Fedorova Yulia , Zasova Lyubov , Islamova Guzal , Borscheva Ksenia
Published: October 2021

As a result of the conducted research, the main approaches to the study of social entrepreneurship, its characteristic features and differences from charitable activities, traditional business and the activities of non-profit organizations were identified. The important role of social entrepreneurs - leaders who take risks and find innovative opportunities for combining resources to solve social problems and create social value is determined. The main approaches to the development of organizational and legal forms of social entrepreneurship implemented in different countries are highlighted. The analysis of foreign experience has shown that in the conditions of globalization, social entrepreneurship has covered all countries, and in many countries, it has already become a full-fledged economic institution. The emergence and development of social entrepreneurship not only makes it possible to increase the level of accessibility of consumption of goods and services, but also contributes to the mitigation or even solution of many existing social problems through the introduction of social innovations, which leads to an increase in the level of well-being of the population.
Characterization of Two Immunodominant Antigenic Peptides in NSP2 of PRRSV-2 and Generation of a Marker PRRSV Strain Based on the Peptides
Authors: Li Dong-Yan , Cui Xing-Yang , Huang Xin-Yi , Hu Yue , Tian Xiao-Xiao , Wang Tao , Yang Yong-Bo , Wang Qian , Tian Zhi-Jun , Cai Xue-Hui , An Tong-Qing
Published: October 2021

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a widespread disease with great economic importance in the pig industry. Although vaccines against the PRRS virus (PRRSV) have been employed for more than 20 years, differentiating infected from vaccinated animal remains challenging. In this study, all 907 non-structural protein 2 (NSP2) full-length sequences of PRRSV-2 available from GenBank were aligned. Two peptides, at positions 562–627 (m1B) and 749–813 (m2B) of NSP2, were selected, and their potential for use in differential diagnosis was assessed. Both m1B and m2B were recognized by PRRSV-positive pig serum in peptide-coated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Further epitope identification yielded five overlapping short peptides for the immunodominant regions of m1B and m2B. Using the infectious clone of PRRSV HuN4-F112 as a template, the deletion mutants rHuN4-F112-m1B, rHuN4-F112-m2B, and rHuN4-F112-C5-m1B-m2B were generated and successfully rescued in Marc-145 cells. Growth kinetics revealed that deletion of m1B and m2B did not significantly affect virus replication. Hence, m1B and m2B show potential as molecular markers for developing a PRRSV vaccine.
Importance of Diagnosis and Treatment of Anterior Root Tear of the Lateral Meniscus from a Biomechanical Perspective
Authors: Espejo-Reina Alejandro , Prado-Novoa Maria , Espejo-Baena Alejandro , Peña-Trabalon Alejandro , Perez-Blanca Ana
Published: October 2021

Treatment of posterior meniscal roots tears evolved after biomechanical evidence of increased pressures on the tibiofemoral cartilage produced by this lesion and the subsequent accelerated development of arthritis or osteonecrosis observed clinically. However, little is known about the consequences of the detachment of the anterior roots. This in-vitro study analyzes the biomechanical changes in the tibiofemoral joint caused by avulsion of the anterior root of the lateral meniscus. The effectiveness of surgical root re-insertion to restore the pre-injured conditions is also evaluated. Using cadaveric knees at flexion angles from 0 to 90º, results show that the lesion significantly reduces the contact area and raises the pressure on the tibiofemoral cartilage of the injured compartment at all angles. Said modifications become larger at low flexion angles, which are the most frequent positions adopted by the knee in daily and sports activities, where they result similar to total meniscectomy. In-situ repair partially restores the contact biomechanics. Consequently, careful attention should be paid to proper diagnosis and treatment of detached anterior roots since the observed altered knee contact might induce similar degenerative problems in the cartilage as with completely detached posterior roots.
Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms in P2Y12 Receptor Signaling Pathway on Antiplatelet Response to Clopidogrel in Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Li Dongjie , Zhang Yanjiao , Li Zhongyi , Hu Xiaolei , Li He , Ma Qilin , Chen Xiaoping
Published: October 2021

Backgrounds: Remarkable interindividual variability in clopidogrel response is observed, genetic polymorphisms in P2RY12 and its signal pathway is supposed to affect clopidogrel response in CHD patients. Methods: 539 CHD patients treated with clopidogrel were recruited. The platelet reaction index (PRI) indicated by VASP-P level were detected in 12-24h after clopidogrel loading dose (LD) or within 5-7 days after initiation of maintain dose (MD) clopidogrel. A total of 13 SNPs in relevant genes were genotyped in sample A (239 CHD patients). The SNPs which have significant differences in PRI will be validated in another sample (sample B, 300 CHD patients). Results: CYP2C19*2 increased the risk of clopidogrel resistance significantly. When CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 were considered, CYP2C19 loss of function (LOF) alleles were associated with more obviously increased the risk of clopidogrel resistance; P2RY12 rs6809699 C>A polymorphism was also associated with increased risk of clopidogrel resistance (AA vs CC: P=0.0398). This difference still existed after stratification by CYP2C19 genotypes. It was also validated in sample B. The association was also still significant even in the case of stratification by CYP2C19 genotypes in all patients (sample A+B). Conclusion: Our data suggest that P2RY12 rs6809699 is associated with clopidogrel resistance in CHD patients. Meanwhile, the rs6809699 AA genotype can increase on-treatment platelet activity independent of CYP2C19 LOF polymorphisms.