bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relations between real‐time use of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression symptoms
Authors: Alawadhi Yasmeen T. , Smith Michele R. , King Kevin M.
Published: December 2022

Objective

How individuals differentially implement specific emotion regulation (ER) strategies is a critical indicator of the progression of depressive and anxiety disorders. Symptoms of anxiety and depression may be associated with differences in ER, but little evidence to date had examined whether anxiety and depression were associated with individual differences in the real‐time use of ER strategies.

Methods

This study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in two samples (n = 276) of undergraduate students from a single university who were assessed for 8–10 days. Baseline surveys captured participant self‐reported anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms using the PROMIS‐Anxiety scale and the PROMIS‐Depression scale, respectively. We measured ER through EMA‐adapted prompts from the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), which participants received on their internet‐enabled cell phones. In pre‐registered analyses, we tested the associations between anxiety symptoms with the use of discrete ER strategies in EMA using generalized estimating equations with a log‐link function to account for nesting of EMA observations within participants, and further tested whether the findings generalized to depression (not pre‐registered).

Results

Symptoms of anxiety and depression were associated with greater odds of using both maladaptive and adaptive ER strategy use during the EMA period, and with lower odds of reporting no strategy use. Moreover, associations were generally stronger for maladaptive than adaptive ER strategies.

Conclusion

Anxiety and depressive symptoms are related to increased regulatory efforts overall, and results suggest that individuals with anxiety and depressive symptoms may be especially prone to use maladaptive ER strategies. Tracking ER strategies in a natural environment can further inform our understanding of how anxious and depressed individuals attempt to regulate emotions.
Autonomic instability, arrhythmia and visual impairment in a new presentation of MTFMT‐related mitochondrial disease
Authors: Howard Caoimhe , Dev‐Borman Arundhati , Stokes John , O'Rourke Declan , Gillespie Ciara , Twomey Eilish , Knerr Ina , Boruah Ritma
Published: December 2022

Mitochondrial methionyl‐tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT) is required for the initiation of translation in mitochondria. Pathogenic variants in MTFMT have been described in association with clinical presentations with Leigh syndrome, as well with as multisystem involvement (particularly cardiac and ocular involvement). There is a spectrum of severity, but many reported presentations have been milder with a better prognosis than other pathogenic variants associated with Leigh syndrome. We describe the case of a 9‐year‐old boy homozygous for a pathogenic MTFMT variant (c.626C > T/p.Ser209Leu) who presented with hypertensive crisis on a background of hyperphagia and visual impairment. His clinical course was complicated by supraventricular tachycardia and severe autonomic instability, requiring intensive care unit admission. He also developed seizures, neurogenic bladder and bowel and had a markedly abnormal eye examination with bilateral optic atrophy. Magnetic resonance image brain showed abnormal high T2/fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery signal within the dorsal brainstem and in the right globus pallidus with some reduced diffusivity. Despite recovery from the acute neurological and cardiac manifestations, he has ongoing deficits in his gross motor skills and continues to have hyperphagia with rapid weight gain (approx. 20 kg in 2 years). Ophthalmic findings are persistent. This case expands the phenotype associated with MTFMT disease.
Dysmorphic Gallbladder Found on Prenatal Ultrasound as a Hint for Biliary Atresia
Authors: He Fujiao , Feng Shu , Xiu Yun , Zhang Yixin , Wang Yuntong , Zhang Zhibo , Chen Lizhu
Published: December 2022

Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare but devastating cholangiopathy. We report a case series of dysmorphic gallbladders detected during prenatal ultrasound, which were confirmed as BA after birth. We present the prenatal ultrasound findings as well as integral follow‐up, with an aim to raise awareness regarding the association between BA and dysmorphic gallbladder. Although this dysmorphic gallbladder is a strong hint for BA, it is also important to search for other related sonographic features, such as the presence of microcysts at the hepatic hilum, dilated right hepatic artery, and seroperitoneum, which may provide more evidence for the diagnosis of BA.
Self‐Forming Norbornene‐Tetrazine Hydrogels with Independently Tunable Properties
Authors: Gultian Kirstene A. , Gandhi Roshni , Kim Tae Won B. , Vega Sebastián L.
Published: December 2022

Although photopolymerization reactions are commonly used to form hydrogels, these strategies rely on light and may not be suitable for delivering therapeutics in a minimally invasive manner. Here, hyaluronic acid (HA) macromers are modified with norbornene (Nor) or tetrazine (Tet) and upon mixing click into covalently crosslinked Nor‐Tet hydrogels via a Diels–Alder reaction. By incorporating a high degree of Nor and Tet substitution, Nor‐Tet hydrogels with a broad range in elastic moduli (5 to 30 kPa) and fast gelation times (1 to 5 min) are achieved. By pre‐coupling methacrylated HANor macromers with thiolated peptides via a Michael addition reaction, Nor‐Tet hydrogels are peptide‐functionalized without affecting their physical properties. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on RGD‐functionalized Nor‐Tet hydrogels adhere and exhibit stiffness‐dependent differences in matrix mechanosensing. Fluid properties of Nor‐Tet hydrogel solutions allow for injections through narrow syringe needles and can locally deliver viable cells and peptides. Substituting HA with enzymatically degradable gelatin also results in cell‐responsive Nor‐Tet hydrogels, and MSCs encapsulated in Nor‐Tet hydrogels preferentially differentiate into adipocytes or osteoblasts, based on 3D cellular spreading regulated by stable (HA) and degradable (gelatin) macromers.
Conjugated Polymers: Where We Come From, Where We Stand, and Where We Might Go
Authors: Müllen Klaus , Scherf Ullrich
Published: December 2022

Conjugated polymers (CPs) are electronic materials which always attract the joint attention of synthetic chemistry, physics, and engineering. The present article deals with “classical” CPs such as polyacetylenes and polyarylenes, and also with more sophisticated cases such as ladder polymers and graphene nanoribbons. CPs exhibit a wide variety of fascinating electrical and optical properties which qualify them as active components of devices. Their performance, however, is shown to sensitively depend upon structural perfection and purity as well as on the thin‐film morphology, which is also influenced by processing procedures. Nowadays, the need for innovative energy technologies and sustainable materials and processes as well as the emerging new opportunities of quantum technologies, are adding further momentum to CP research.
Efficient Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube‐Based Stretchable Electrodes for Flexible Electronic Devices
Authors: Gong Xiaofeng , Chu Zengyong , Li Guochen , Tan Yinlong , Dong Qichao , Hu Tianjiao , Zhao Zhenkai , Jiang Zhenhua
Published: December 2022

Stretchable electrodes are highly demanded in various wearable and flexible electronic devices, whereas the efficient fabrication approach is still a challenge. In this work, an efficient shrinking method to fabricate carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based stretchable electrodes is proposed. The electrode is a layer of anisotropic CNT wrinkling film coated on a latex balloon substrate (CNT@latex), whose resistivity remains stable after 25 000 stretching cycles of 0 to 50% tensile strain, and can survive up to 500% tensile train. The highly conductive electrode can be used as the current collector of a stretchable Zinc‐ion battery, maintaining an output voltage of 1.3 V during the stretching process of 0 to 100%. The applications of the electrode in flexible triboelectric nanogenerators and Joule heating devices are also demonstrated, further indicating their good prospects in the field of stretchable electronic devices.
Myotonic dystrophy type 1: A comparison between the adult‐ and late‐onset subtype
Authors: Joosten Isis B.T. , Horlings Corinne G. C. , Vosse Bettine A. H. , Wagner Anouk , Bovenkerk David S. H. , Evertz Reinder , Vernooy Kevin , van Engelen Baziel G. M. , Faber Catharina G.
Published: December 2022

Introduction/Aims

Although the extent of muscle weakness and organ complications has not been well studied in patients with late‐onset myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), adult‐onset DM1 is associated with severe muscle involvement and possible life‐threatening cardiac and respiratory complications. In this study we aimed to compare the clinical phenotype of adult‐onset vs late‐onset DM1, focusing on the prevalence of cardiac, respiratory, and muscular involvement.

Methods

Data were prospectively collected in the Dutch DM1 registry.

Results

Two hundred seventy‐five adult‐onset and 66 late‐onset DM1 patients were included. Conduction delay on electrocardiogram was present in 123 of 275 (45%) adult‐onset patients, compared with 24 of 66 (36%) late‐onset patients (P= .218). DM1 subtype did not predict presence of conduction delay (odds ratio [OR] 0.706; confidence interval [CI] 0.405 to 1.230,P = .219). Subtype did predict indication for noninvasive ventilation (NIV) (late onset vs adult onset: OR, 0.254; CI, 0.104 to 0.617;P = .002) and 17% of late‐onset patients required NIV compared with 40% of adult‐onset patients. Muscular Impairment Rating Scale (MIRS) scores were significantly different between subtypes (MIRS 1 to 3 in 66% of adult onset vs 100% of late onset [P < .001]), as were DM1‐activCscores (67 ± 21 in adult onset vs 87 ± 15 in late onset;P < .001).

Discussion

Although muscular phenotype was milder in late‐onset compared with adult‐onset DM1, the prevalence of conduction delay was comparable. Moreover, subtype was unable to predict the presence of cardiac conduction delay. Although adult‐onset patients had an increased risk of having an NIV indication, 17% of late‐onset patients required NIV. Despite different muscular phenotypes, screening for multiorgan involvement should be equally thorough in late‐onset as in adult‐onset DM1.
Maximize a Fire Hydrant's Lifetime
Authors: Lacefield George
Published: December 2022

Proper fire hydrant care—from installation to maintenance—will ensure years of operation. Most important, a well‐maintained hydrant will be ready and reliable when it's needed.
Texting and Working Don't Mix
Authors:   AWWA Staff
Published: December 2022

It's well‐documented and understood that texting while driving is extremely unsafe. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration found that drivers who use hand‐held devices while driving are four times as likely to get into crashes serious enough to injure themselves or others.
PARP inhibition promotes endothelial‐like traits in melanoma cells and modulates pericyte coverage dynamics during vasculogenic mimicry
Authors: Fernández‐Cortés Mónica , Delgado‐Bellido Daniel , Bermúdez‐Jiménez Eloísa , Paramio Jesús M , O'Valle Francisco , Vinckier Stefan , Carmeliet Peter , Garcia‐Diaz Angel , Oliver F Javier
Published: December 2022

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) describes the ability of highly aggressive tumor cells to develop pseudovascular structures without the participation of endothelial cells. PARP1 is implicated in the activation of hypoxia‐inducible factors, which are crucial in tumor neovascularization. We have explored the role of hypoxia and PARP inhibition in VM. In uveal melanoma xenografts, the PARP inhibitor olaparib improved in vivo pericyte coverage specifically of VM channels. This was concomitant with reduced metastasis in olaparib‐treated VM+ tumors. PARP inhibition and hypoxia modulated melanoma tube formation in vitro, inducing a more sparse and regular tubular architecture. Whole‐transcriptome profiling revealed that olaparib treatment under hypoxic conditions modulated the expression of genes implicated in vasculogenesis during tube formation, enhancing the endothelial‐like phenotype of VM+ uveal melanoma cells. PARP inhibition, especially during hypoxia, upregulated PDGFβ, which is essential for pericyte recruitment. Our study indicates that PARP inhibitors may enhance the endothelial characteristics of VM+ cells, modulate pericyte coverage, and reduce metastatic spread in VM+ melanoma. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Myocd regulates airway smooth muscle cell remodeling in response to chronic asthmatic injury
Authors: Yang Qin , Miao Qing , Chen Hui , Li Duo , Luo Yongfeng , Chiu Joanne , Wang Hong‐Jun , Chuvanjyan Michael , Parmacek Michael S , Shi Wei
Published: December 2022

Abnormal growth of airway smooth muscle cells is one of the key features in asthmatic airway remodeling, which is associated with asthma severity. The mechanisms underlying inappropriate airway smooth muscle cell growth in asthma remain largely unknown. Myocd has been reported to act as a key transcriptional coactivator in promoting airway‐specific smooth muscle development in fetal lungs. Whether Myocd controls airway smooth muscle remodeling in asthma has not been investigated. Mice with lung mesenchyme‐specific deletion of Myocd after lung development were generated, and a chronic asthma model was established by sensitizing and challenging the mice with ovalbumin for a prolonged period. Comparison of the asthmatic pathology between the Myocd knockout mice and the wild‐type controls revealed that abrogation of Myocd mitigated airway smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia, accompanied by reduced peri‐airway inflammation, decreased fibrillar collagen deposition on airway walls, and attenuation of abnormal mucin production in airway epithelial cells. Our study indicates that Myocd is a key transcriptional coactivator involved in asthma airway remodeling. Inhibition of Myocd in asthmatic airways may be an effective approach to breaking the vicious cycle of asthmatic progression, providing a novel strategy in treating severe and persistent asthma. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Genuinely Multipartite Entanglement Vias Shallow Quantum Circuits
Authors: Luo Ming‐Xing , Fei Shao‐Ming
Published: December 2022

Multipartite entanglement is of important resources for quantum communication and quantum computation. The goal of this paper is to characterize general multipartite entangled states according to shallow quantum circuits. It is first proved that any genuinely multipartite entanglement on finite‐dimensional spaces can be generated by using 2‐layer shallow quantum circuit consisting of two biseparable quantum channels, which has the smallest nontrivial circuit depth in the shallow quantum circuit model. Further, a semi‐device‐independent entanglement model depending on the local connection ability in the second layer of quantum circuits is proposed. This implies a complete hierarchy of distinguishing genuinely multipartite entangled states. It shows a completely different multipartite nonlocality from the quantum network entanglement. These results show new insights for the multipartite entanglement, quantum network, and measurement‐based quantum computation.
Observation of room‐temperature out‐of‐plane switchable electric polarization in supported 3R‐MoS2 monolayers
Authors: Ma Li , Yang Liu , Fang Yuqiang , Xu Manzhang , Duan Ruihuan , Zhang Vanessa Li , Wang Xuewen , Huang Fuqiang , Wu Menghao , Liu Zheng , Yu Ting
Published: December 2022

Two‐dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics have attracted considerable attention due to their potential in the development of devices of miniaturization and multifunction. Although several van der Waals (vdW)‐layered materials show ferroelectricity, the experimental demonstrations of ferroelectric behavior in monolayers are very limited. Here we report the observation of room‐temperature out‐of‐plane switchable electric polarization in supported MoS2 monolayers exfoliated from 3R‐stacked bulk crystals under ambient conditions. Using in situ piezoelectric force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy in a glovebox, we reveal that trapped water/ice molecules are responsible for this switchable electric polarization and this conclusion is strongly supported by theoretical simulations. It is worth noting that the water/ice trapping in the monolayers exfoliated from 2H‐stacked MoS2 crystals is not as much as that in 3R monolayers and, consequently, the out‐of‐plane electric polarization is missing there. Our findings indicate that monolayers with a trapped single layer of polar molecules might be emerging alternatives to 2D ferroelectrics. Furthermore, the stacking sequences may bring new properties and applications to 2D vdW materials not only when we stack them up but also when we thin them down.
Double Crosslinked Polymer Electrolyte by C–S–C Group and Metal–Organic Framework for Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Xu Ruogu , Xu Shengjun , Wang Fei , Xiao Ru , Tang Pei , Zhang Xiaoyin , Bai Shuo , Sun Zhenhua , Li Feng
Published: December 2022

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is among the most promising candidates for solid‐state electrolytes in lithium metal batteries. However, the low ionic conductivity caused by strong coordination between Li ions and the EO chains limits the practical application of PEO‐based electrolytes. Herein, a double crosslinked PEO‐based electrolyte with alternate C–S–C groups and functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is proposed. The incorporation of C–S–C groups not only accelerates Li ions transport by weakening the coordination between Li ions and polymer backbone, but also facilitates segmental relaxation of the polymer backbone. The PEO‐based electrolyte with C–S–C groups shows a remarkable 13‐fold increase in ionic conductivity. Furthermore, when functionalized MOFs are used as crosslinked centers, the double‐crosslinked PEO‐based electrolyte with a robust network structure possesses enhanced mechanical/electrochemical/thermal stability and limited anion transmission. As a result, the symmetrical Li||Li cell enables over 2400 h cycling at room temperature. The LiFePO4||Li cells show long cycle life over a wide temperature range from 25 to 100 °C, and a high areal capacity of 1.43 mAh cm−2 is achieved with a cathode loading of 10.0 mg cm−2. This study demonstrates a promising strategy to develop advanced electrolytes for potential solid‐state lithium‐metal batteries.
Rare‐Earth Doping Transitional Metal Phosphide for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution in Natural Seawater
Authors: Wu Xianhong , Qiu Jieshan , Wang Zhiyu
Published: December 2022

Electrolysis of inexhaustible seawater offers a promising way for harvesting practically infinite hydrogen energy without worsening freshwater shortage. Complicated ionic environment of saline seawater, however, places a great burden on catalyst performance for hydrogen evolution. Herein, tailoring the electronic structure of transitional metal phosphide by rare‐earth doping for effectively propelling hydrogen evolution in a wide pH range and natural seawater is reported. The rare‐earth doping leads to not only a nearly zero Gibbs free energy of H* adsorption and lower work function but also faster OH* desorption for rapid release of the active sites, thereby accelerating the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics under nonacidic conditions. On this basis, highly conductive and hydrophilic MXene is introduced to further boost the adsorption of hydrogen carriers and charge transfer across the catalyst. Together, they allow the activity, kinetics, and durability of the electrocatalyst for HER to be improved overall. The obtained electrocatalyst shows superior activity to commercial Pt/C in terms of specific surface area and active mass and turnover frequency, as well as 400 times longer lifetime than Pt/C with high Faradaic efficiency in natural seawater. This study presents new insight into the development of viable electrocatalysts for harvesting hydrogen energy from abundant‐reserve seawater.
Numerical study on structural performance of corrugated steel plate shear wall with different yield points steel
Authors: Li Gang , Wei Xing , Xiao Lin , Zhou Linjun
Published: December 2022

As a new type of lateral load‐resisting system in SPSW systems, corrugated SPSWs (CSPSWs) have been gradually researched and applied. Corrugated plates offer various advantages over flat plates including higher energy dissipation capacity, ductility, out‐of‐plane stiffness, and improved buckling stability. For seismic control and isolation techniques, low yield point (LYP) steels (LY100, LY160, and LY225) are the reliable and ideal energy‐dissipating materials. The low yield point CSPSWs combine high energy‐consuming materials with high‐performance structures to provide a better solution for ductile and seismic resistance of high‐rise and super tall buildings. Currently, there are no design codes addressing the seismic performance of LYP corrugated steel plate shear walls (CSPSWs). This study investigates cyclic behavior and energy dissipation performance of corrugated steel plate yield point (100, 160, 225, 235, and 345 MPa) of different thickness CSPSWs and determine the plate yield point that provides the optimum performance. Results and findings of this study reveal that compared with the ordinary yield strength corrugated steel plates, the low yield point CSPSWs have a larger safety factor of lateral bearing capacity, a fuller hysteresis curve, a strong energy dissipation coefficient, a larger ductility coefficient and a smaller fluctuation range of strength degradation coefficient, and better strength stability. The initial equivalent stiffness of CSPSWs with different yield strengths is the same.
Human globozoospermia‐related genes and their role in acrosome biogenesis
Authors: Moreno Ricardo D.
Published: December 2022

The mammalian acrosome is a secretory vesicle attached to the sperm nucleus whose fusion with the overlying plasma membrane is required to achieve fertilization. Acrosome biogenesis starts during meiosis, but it lasts through the entire process of haploid cell differentiation (spermiogenesis). Acrosome biogenesis is a stepwise process that involves membrane traffic from the Golgi apparatus, but it also seems that the lysosome/endosome system participates in this process. Defective sperm head morphology is accompanied by defective acrosome shape and function, and patients with these characteristics are infertile or subfertile. The most extreme case of acrosome biogenesis failure is globozoospermia syndrome, which is primarily characterized by the presence of round‐headed spermatozoa without acrosomes with cytoskeleton defects around the nucleus and infertility. Several genes participating in acrosome biogenesis have been uncovered using genetic deletions in mice, but only a few of them have been found to be deleted or modified in patients with globozoospermia. Understanding acrosome biogenesis is crucial to uncovering the molecular basis of male infertility and developing new diagnostic tools and assisted reproductive technologies that may help infertile patients through more effective treatment techniques.

This article is categorized under:

Reproductive System Diseases > Environmental Factors

Infectious Diseases > Stem Cells and Development

Reproductive System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
Correction to: Swedish Recreational Businesses Coping with COVID-19 Using Technologies
Authors: Alaqra Ala Sarah , Khumalo Akhona C.
Published: December 2022

Chapter “Swedish Recreational Businesses Coping with COVID-19 Using Technologies” was previously published non-open access. It has now been changed to open access under a CC BY 4.0 license and the copyright holder updated to ‘The Author(s)’. The book has also been updated with this change.
Loss of Reindeer Grazing Land in Finnmark, Norway, and Effects on Biodiversity: GLOBIO3 as Decision Support Tool at Arctic Local Level
Authors: van Rooij Wilbert , Aslaksen Iulie , Eira Isak Henrik , Burgess Philip , Garnåsjordet Per Arild
Published: December 2022

Competing land use and climate change are threats to the pasture land of Sámi reindeer herding. Reindeer pastures are exposed to the development of infrastructure, hydropower, mineral exploration, recreational cabin areas, and wind power. Land use conflicts are exacerbated under climate policy with wind power plants in reindeer herding areas. Projected developments and climate change impacts challenge the adaptive capacity of reindeer herders and the resilience of reindeer herding. Analysis of biodiversity loss by the GLOBIO3 model is suggested as tool for decision support, in consultation with Sámi reindeer owners, taking into account traditional knowledge of reindeer herding. GLOBIO3 analysis for Sámi reindeer herding land in Finnmark indicates that in 2011, compared to an intact situation, about 50% of the biodiversity of reindeer calving grounds has been lost, and it is expected to be reduced with another 10% in the scenario for 2030. Reindeer owners in Finnmark told that they expect biodiversity loss will have implications for the quality and extent of suitable grazing areas. Especially the quality of the calving grounds is essential for reindeer herding. An important lesson from dialogue with reindeer owners is that even highly impacted areas should not be considered as lost, and thus be opened to further development, as they are still important for seasonal reindeer migration and grazing at certain times of the year. The chapter presents research on methods development, traditional knowledge in the context of Sámi reindeer herders in Finnmark and highlights innovative tools to engage rightsholders and stakeholders in the Arctic in development planning processes.
Knowledge Graph Construction Research From Multi-source Vulnerability Intelligence
Authors: Du Lin , Xu Chuanqi
Published: December 2022

There is a huge Internet user group in China, and many enterprises and institutions are deeply affected by the threat of Cybersecurity vulnerabilities. At present, according to the needs of different business scenarios, relevant business personnel often need to search for different vulnerability information separately, relying on manpower, and the vulnerability intelligence distributed on the Internet has the characteristics of multi-source heterogeneity, which is difficult to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of vulnerability knowledge. In view of the above background, with vulnerabilities as the core, knowledge extraction of vulnerability intelligence is carried out according to existing standards, corresponding entities and relationships are established, and related and visualized knowledge graphs are studied and constructed to provide support for the discovery and traceability of vulnerability threats by information workers.
Anomaly matching across dimensions and supersymmetric Cardy formulae
Authors: Ohmori Kantaro , Tizzano Luigi
Published: December 2022

Abstract

’t Hooft anomalies are known to induce specific contributions to the effective action at finite temperature. We present a general method to directly calculate such contributions from the anomaly polynomial of a given theory, including a term which involves a U(1) connection for the thermal circle isometry. Based on this observation, we show that the asymptotic behavior of the superconformal index of 4d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 theories on the “second sheet” can be calculated by integrating the anomaly polynomial on a particular background. The integration is then performed by an equivariant method to reproduce known results. Our method only depends on the anomaly polynomial and therefore the result is applicable to theories without known Lagrangian formulation. We also present a new formula that relates the behavior of 6d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) SCFTs on the second sheet to the anomaly polynomial.
Diagnostik von Beinödemen
Authors: Stücker Markus , Protz Kerstin , Eder Stefan , Läuchli Severin , Traber Jürg , Dissemond Joachim
Published: December 2022

Ödeme der unteren Extremitäten entsprechen immer einem pathologischen Zustand, der insbesondere bei Betroffenen mit chronischen Wunden einer Therapie bedarf. Weil die Ursachen dieser Ödeme sehr unterschiedlich und teilweise auch komplex sein können, sollte zuerst eine klinische und ggf. apparative Diagnostik erfolgen. Oft kann nach einer klinischen Untersuchung mit Testung des Stemmer- und Godet-Zeichens bereits eine klinische Verdachtsdiagnose gestellt werden. Als weiterführende apparative Diagnostik kann eine sonographische Untersuchung erfolgen. Messtechniken wie beispielsweise die Wasserplethysmographie gelten derzeit zwar als Goldstandard für Volumenmessungen, sind aber sehr aufwendig und fehleranfällig, sodass sie in der klinischen Routine heute kaum angewendet werden. Zusammenfassend wird empfohlen, für die Ödemdiagnostik eine klinische Untersuchung möglichst in Kombination mit einer Sonographie durchzuführen. Insbesondere zu Beginn der Entstauungsphase sollten regelmäßig Umfangsmessungen durchgeführt und dokumentiert werden. Diese Dokumentation ist für die Bewertung des therapeutischen Erfolgs von hoher Aussagekraft.
Some, but not all, patients experience full symptom resolution and a positive rehabilitation process after ACL reconstruction: an interview study
Authors: Piussi Ramana , Magnusson Cajsa , Andersson Sara , Mannerkorpi Kaisa , Thomeé Roland , Samuelsson Kristian , Hamrin Senorski Eric
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To gain a deeper understanding of patients’ experiences over 5 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods

Seventeen semi-structured interviews were performed with patients treated with ACL reconstruction at least 5 years earlier without a second knee injury. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis according to methods described by Graneheim and Lundman.

Results

Patients’ long-term experiences after an ACL reconstruction were summarized as: “to cope or not to cope, that is the question”, and five main categories: (1) Adapting life after knee symptom: the past will not come back; (2) An arduous and demanding rehabilitation: sailing against the wind; (3) Accepting what cannot be changed: biting the bullet; (4) Being satisfied with results: end of a chapter; (5) Apprehensively peregrinating on an unknown road.

Conclusions

More than 5 years after ACL reconstruction, patients can experience full symptom resolution and the ACL injury process as positive, or experience persistent symptoms and are forced to accept negative life-changing choices due to the injury.

Level of evidence

IV.
Critical exponents for a percolation model on transient graphs
Authors: Drewitz Alexander , Prévost Alexis , Rodriguez Pierre-François
Published: December 2022

We consider the bond percolation problem on a transient weighted graph induced by the excursion sets of the Gaussian free field on the corresponding cable system. Owing to the continuity of this setup and the strong Markov property of the field on the one hand, and the links with potential theory for the associated diffusion on the other, we rigorously determine the behavior of various key quantities related to the (near-)critical regime for this model. In particular, our results apply in case the base graph is the three-dimensional cubic lattice. They unveil the values of the associated critical exponents, which are explicit but not mean-field and consistent with predictions from scaling theory below the upper-critical dimension.
99mTc‑labeled single-domain antibody for SPECT/CT assessment of HER2 expression in diverse cancer types
Authors: Altunay Betül , Goedicke Andreas , Winz Oliver H. , Hertel Fabian , von Mallek Dirk , Meszaros Levente K. , Chand Gitasha , Biersack Hans-Jürgen , Stickeler Elmar , Krauss Katja , Mottaghy Felix M.
Published: December 2022

The expression status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in cancer predicts response to HER2-targeted therapy. Therefore, its accurate determination is of utmost importance. In recent years, there has been an increase in research on noninvasive techniques for molecular imaging, as this method offers the advantages of a more accurate determination of HER2 status without the need for multiple biopsies. The technetium-labeled single-domain antibody RAD201, previously known as 99mTc-NM-02, has been shown to be safe for use in breast cancer imaging with reasonable radiation doses, favorable biodistribution, and imaging characteristics.

Methods

A total of six HER2-positive, heavily pretreated patients with different cancer types aged between 42 and 69 years (5 women and 1 man; the median age of 55.5) have been examined. In six of seven scans, the patients were administered 500 ml of Gelofusine® solution (40 mg/ml) for radiation protection before the tracer injection (434 ± 42 MBq). Planar scans were acquired with the patient supine at 10 min, 60 min, 160 min, 20 h, and 24 h after injection. A CT scan was acquired at 95 min, followed by local tomographic SPECT imaging.

Results

One patient was scanned twice with RAD201, 3 months apart, resulting in a total of seven scans for six patients. Here, we show that the use of RAD201 in our patient group shows the same favorable biodistribution as in a previous study with RAD201 (NCT04040686) and that the radiation dose to the critical organ kidney can be reduced by the application of the plasma expander Gelofusine® by almost 50%.

Conclusion

RAD201 appears safe for use in humans and is a promising noninvasive tool for discriminating HER2 status in metastatic (breast) cancer, regardless of ongoing HER2-targeted antibody treatment.
Multidimensional evaluation of teaching strategies adopted in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Molina-Carmona Rafael , Guillem Carlos
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a multidimensional social open model to evaluate the teaching strategies adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic by assessing the decisions made by teachers by a group of teachers acting as evaluators. Based on the analysis of previous studies on teaching, this study aims to propose a formal model for the evaluation of teaching strategies in four dimensions: sustainability, usability, accessibility, and creativity. The use of information technologies to measure teaching strategies can bring decisive advantages. This work has been inspired by social rating systems of social networks to propose a measurement system in which a potential large number of evaluators with different levels assess the strategies. In addition, the proposal also includes the evaluation of the evaluators' own work, assigning confidence levels that are based on their experience but also on their evaluations. In this way, we have a social measurement system, in the sense that participation is open to a large number of evaluators. A large community of teacher evaluators will increase the objectivity of the measurement. The outcome of the system will be a characterization of the teaching strategies that will allow to decide in the future which ones should be adopted according to the needs of each one.
Clinicopathological features, genetic alterations, and BRCA1 promoter methylation in Japanese male patients with breast cancer
Authors: Shimomura Akihiko , Yoshida Masayuki , Kubo Takashi , Yamashita Satoshi , Noguchi Emi , Nagayama Aiko , Hanamura Toru , Okazaki Miki , Mukohara Toru , Tsuruga Asako , Tanaka Kiyo , Kawamura Yukino , Higuchi Toru , Takahashi Yoko , Kurozumi Sasagu , Hayashida Tetsu , Ichikawa Hitoshi , Ushijima Toshikazu , Suto Akihiko
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare cancer accounting for only 1% of all male cancers and is, therefore, poorly studied. We aimed to characterize the subtypes of MBC in Japanese patients based on genetic profiling, the presence of tumor-infiltrating cells, and the expression of immunohistochemical markers.

Methods

This retrospective study included 103 patients with MBC diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2019 at various hospitals in Japan. Clinicopathological patient characteristics were obtained from medical records, and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were analyzed for histological markers, mutations of 126 genes, BRCA1 methylation, and stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Results

The median patient age was 71 (range 31–92) years. T1-stage tumors were the most frequent (47.6%), and most were node negative (77.7%). The majority of tumors were positive for estrogen receptor (98.1%), progesterone receptor (95.1%), and androgen receptor (96.1%), and BRCA2 was the most frequently mutated gene (12.6%). The most common treatment was surgery (99.0%), either total mastectomy (91.1%) or partial mastectomy (7.0%). Survival analysis showed a 5-year recurrence-free survival rate of 64.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 46.7–88.8) and a 5-year overall survival rate of 54.3% (95% CI 24.1–100.0).

Conclusion

Japanese MBC is characterized by a high rate of hormonal receptor positivity and BRCA2 somatic mutation. Due to the observed clinicopathological differences in MBC between the Western countries and Japan, further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the most suitable treatment strategies.
The contributions of study abroad to home countries: an agential perspective
Authors: Oldac Yusuf Ikbal
Published: December 2022

Contributions to home country after international higher education (IHE) have long been considered within the traditional frameworks of brain drain or brain circulation. However, recent scholarship has hinted at more nuances into this issue than what has been predominantly discussed. This study focuses on IHE graduate agency to investigate the contributions of studying abroad to a home country. It builds from international-comparative fieldwork that included interviews with 50 recent Turkish IHE graduates who studied in four purposefully selected countries—Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Germany and the UK—and who either stayed or returned to their home country afterwards. The findings highlight the role of agency in IHE graduates’ contributions to their home country. Returning to the home country does not equate to contributing to it, as some participants expressed that they contribute better from abroad while others refuse to contribute even after returning. The study also demonstrates that combining individual agency with push–pull factors emanating from the home country provides a more holistic explanation, as the home country dynamics have been found to be influential on agential stances regarding contributions.
A perspective study of the possible impact of obeticholic acid against SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Youssef Fadia S. , El-Sherbeni Suzy A. , Negm Walaa A.
Published: December 2022

The causative agent of CoV disease 2019 is a new coronavirus CoV type 2, affecting the respiratory tract with severe manifestations (SARS-CoV-2). Covid-19 is mainly symptomless, with slight indications in about 85% of the affected cases. Many efforts were done to face this pandemic by testing different drugs and agents to make treatment protocols in different countries. However, the use of these proposed drugs is associated with the development of adverse events. Remarkably, the successive development of SARS-CoV-2 variants which could affect persons even they were vaccinated, prerequisite wide search to find efficient and safe agents to face SARS-CoV-2 infection. Obeticholic acid (OCA), which has anti-inflammatory effects, may efficiently treat Covid-19. Thus, the goal of this perspective study is to focus on the possible medicinal effectiveness in managing Covid-19. OCA is a powerful farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist possessing marked antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. FXR is dysregulated in Covid-19 resulting in hyper-inflammation with concurrent occurrence of hypercytokinemia. Interestingly, OCA inhibits the reaction between this virus and angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) receptors. FXR agonists control the expression of ACE2 and the inflammatory signaling pathways in this respiratory syndrome, which weakens the effects of Covid-19 disease and accompanied complications. Taken together, FXR agonists like OCA may reveal both direct and indirect impacts in the modulation of immune reaction in SARS-CoV-2 conditions. It is highly recommended to perform many investigations regarding different phases of the discovery of new drugs.
Welfare type and income inequality: an income source decomposition including in-kind benefits and cash-transfers entitlement
Authors: Giangregorio Luca
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to understand whether a shift towards a more balanced cash transfer and service-based welfare system is valuable in terms of reducing income inequality and what factors mostly contribute to the income inequality evolution. To examine this, I first impute the monetary values of in-kind benefits and then reassess Gini coefficients across countries and welfare regimes. I also compare the role of cash transfers by functions and, more importantly, by how they are allocated. By means of factor source decomposition, the elasticities confirm wages as being the income source that creates most inequalities, while taxes play the most equalising role together with cash transfers. However, universal services such as healthcare and compulsory education outperform most of the cash transfers included in the analysis, with a stronger effect in the Mediterranean countries. Although in-kind services play a marginal role in explaining the changes in the Gini coefficient between 2008 and 2017, results suggest that a coordinated view of cash transfers and public services, as well as increasing the share of non-contributory means tested transfers, can reduce income inequality in all welfare regimes.
Misuse of co-authorship in Medical PhD Theses in Scandinavia: A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Helgesson Gert , Holm Søren , Bredahl Lone , Hofmann Bjørn , Juth Niklas
Published: December 2022

Background

Several studies suggest that deviations from proper authorship practices are commonplace in medicine. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of and attitudes towards the handling of authorship in PhD theses at medical faculties in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.

Methods

Those who defended their PhD thesis at a medical faculty in Scandinavia during the second half of 2020 were offered, by e-mail, to participate in an online survey. Survey questions dealt with experiences of violations of the first three of the ICMJE authorship criteria and misuse of authorship order in the thesis articles, as well as respondents’ attitudes to these matters. Both questions with fixed response alternatives and questions with free-text responses were used. Quantitative data were analysed statistically using the Table functions in SPSS 25 and Chi-2 tests. Free-text responses were analysed qualitatively using manifest content analysis.

Results

287 valid questionnaires were returned (response rate: 34.1%). Almost half (46.0%) of the respondents reported that the ICMJE authorship criteria were not fully respected in at least one of the papers in their thesis, while a vast majority (96.7%) found it important that authorship is handled according to the ICMJE authorship criteria. 24.4% reported inadequate handling of authorship order in at least one paper. The qualitative results provide a wide spectrum of examples of how the ICMJE authorship criteria are circumvented.

Conclusion

Despite increasing educational efforts to reduce deviations from good research practice at Scandinavian universities, the handling of authorship in medical papers remains problematic.
Effect of Ethanol Post-Treatments over Sericin Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Arango Maria C. , Osorio Yuliet Montoya , Osorno John Bustamante , Parra Santiago Betancourt , Alvarez-López Catalina
Published: December 2022

Protein-based biomaterials are excellent candidates for biomedical applications since they have similar properties to the extracellular matrix. Recently, the use of sericin (SS), a protein present in the silk cocoon, can be used as biomaterial. To improve their properties, SS biomaterials must be subject to treatments after their manufacturing. Ethanol post-treatments by immersion and solvent vapor, are used for increasing their crystallinity, mechanical and water stability. In this work, the effect of ethanol post-treatment on the properties of SS scaffolds elaborated by the lyophilization technique was evaluated. Four post-treatments were carried out on the samples: immersed in absolute ethanol for 5 min (SS/EtOH 5 min) and for 1 h (SS/EtOH 1 h); and exposition in a saturated ethanol vapor environment for 1 h (SS/VapEtOH 1 h) and for 24 h (SS/VapEtOH 24 h). The scaffolds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier‑transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water absorption, degradation in a phosphate-buffered saline solution, sericin release from the scaffolds, and the cytotoxicity test. The ATR-FTIR results showed an increment in the relative content of β-sheet structures and an increment in the crystallinity. SEM images revealed that the post-treatment process induces changes in treated materials to present morphological changes. The treatment materials were more water-stable. The excipients of the SS scaffolds evaluated in human epithelial fibroblasts do not generate an acute cytotoxic effect. The results suggest that ethanol post-treatments induce conformational transitions and morphological changes, which should be considered for selecting the post-treatment conditions according to developing materials for wound regeneration.
Auto-regressive extractive summarization with replacement
Authors: Zhu Tianyu , Hua Wen , Qu Jianfeng , Hosseini Saeid , Zhou Xiaofang
Published: December 2022

Auto-regressive extractive summarization approaches determine sentence extraction probability conditioning on previous decisions by maintaining a partial summary representation. Despite its popularity, the framework has two main drawbacks: 1) the partial summary representation is irresolutely denoted by a weighted summation of all the processed sentences without any filtering, resulting in a noisy representation and degrading the effectiveness of extracting subsequent sentences; 2) earlier sentences are biased towards a higher extraction probability due to the sequential nature of sequence tagging. To address these two problems, we propose the Auto-regressive Extractive Summarization with Replacement (AES-Rep), a novel auto-regressive extractive summarization model. In particular, the AES-Rep model consists of two main modules: the extraction decision module that determines whether a sentence should be extracted, and the replacement locater module that enables extracted deficient sentences to be replaced with latter sentences by comparing their expressiveness with respect to the main idea of the document. These modules update the partial summary with explicit actions using elaborated multidimensional guidance. We conduct extensive experiments on the benchmark CNN and DailyMail datasets. Experimental results show that AES-Rep can achieve better performance compared with various strong baselines in terms of multiple ROUGE metrics.