bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graph Energy Value of Alkenes Using Laplacian Minimum Majority Domination
Authors: G Jenitha , Paulraj Jayasimman I
Published: December 2024

The Laplacian Minimum Majority Domination energy value of alkenes has been examined in this article. Only one covalent bond exists between carbon atoms in alkanes, also known as saturated hydrocarbons. In an alkane, every carbon atom has sp3 hybrid orbitals and is joined to four additional atoms, all of which are either hydrogen or carbon. Diagrams are frequently used to conveniently describe chemical structures, with atoms occupying vertices and chemical bonds relating to the edges. The most important information about the chemical characteristics of molecules is passed down to this image. The chemical characteristics of molecules have also been observed to have a strong correlation with the theoretical graph invariant.
Codebase release 1.0 for NumDynInflation
Authors: Bhatt Siddharth , Mishra Swagat Saurav , Basak Soumen , Sahoo Surya N.
Published: December 2024

Numerical simulations of the inflationary dynamics are presented here for a single canonical scalar field minimally coupled to gravity. We spell out the basic equations governing the inflationary dynamics in terms of cosmic time tt and define a set of dimensionless variables convenient for numerical analysis. We then provide a link to our simple numerical Python code on GitHub that can be used to simulate the background dynamics as well as the evolution of linear perturbations during inflation. The code computes both scalar and tensor power spectra for a given inflaton potential V(\phi)V(ϕ). We discuss a concrete algorithm to use the code for various purposes, especially for computing the enhanced scalar power spectrum in the context of Primordial Black Holes and scalar-induced Gravitational Waves. We also compare the efficiency of different variables used in the literature to compute the scalar fluctuations. We intend to extend the framework to simulate the dynamics of a number of different quantities, including the computation of scalar-induced second-order tensor power spectrum in the near future.
Synergistic interaction between Azotobacter and Pseudomonas bacteria in a growth-stimulating consortium
Authors: Serazetdinova Yuliya , Chekushkina Darya , Borodina Ekaterina , Kolpakova Daria , Minina Varvara , Altshuler Olga , Asyakina Lyudmila
Published: December 2024

Intensifying agricultural production involves an active use of agrochemicals, which results in disrupted ecological balance and poor product quality. To address this issue, we need to introduce biologized science-intensive technologies. Bacteria belonging to the genera Azotobacter and Pseudomonas have complex growth-stimulating properties and therefore can be used as a bioproduct to increase plant productivity. We aimed to create a growth-stimulating consortium based on the strains of the genera Azotobacter and Pseudomonas, as well as to select optimal cultivation parameters that provide the best synergistic effect.
We studied strains Azotobacter chroococcum B-4148, Azotobacter vinelandii B-932, and Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-548, which were obtained from the National Bioresource Center “All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms” of Kurchatov Institute.
All the test strains solubilized phosphates and produced ACC deaminase. They synthesized 0.98–1.33 mg/mL of gibberellic acid and produced 37.95–49.55% of siderophores. Their nitrogen-fixing capacity ranged from 49.23 to 151.22 μg/mL. The strain had high antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. In particular, A. chroococcum B-4148 and A. vinelandii B-932 inhibited the growth of Fusarium graminearum, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Erwinia rhapontici, while P. chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca B-548 exhibited antagonism against F. graminearum and B. sorokiniana. Since all the test strains were biologically compatible, they were used to create several consortia. The greatest synergistic effect was achieved by Consortium No. 6 that contained the strains B-4148, B-932, and B-548 in a ratio of 1:3:1. The optimal nutrient medium for this consortium contained 25.0 g/L of Luria-Bertani medium, 8.0 g/L molasses, 0.1 g/L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and 0.01 g/L of aqueous manganese sulfate. The optimal cultivation temperature was 28°C.
The microbial consortium created in our study has high potential for application in agricultural practice. Further research will focus on its effect on the growth and development of plants, in particular cereal crops, under in vitro conditions and in field experiments.
Reaction of passion fruit species to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae and quality of fruit under different crop systems
Authors:   , Melo Naama Jessica de Assis
Published: December 2024

O Brasil é o principal produtor de maracujá amarelo (Passiflora edulis) no mundo. Uma das principais doenças é a fusariose, ocasionada pelo fungo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae (FOP). O uso do porta-enxerto com espécies resistentes é uma alternativa de controle para pragas e doenças. A espécie P. cincinnata, espécie selvagem de maracujá, tem sido bastante usada como porta-enxerto frente à FOP no Nordeste brasileiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a patogenicidade de diferentes isolados de FOP em P. edulis e P. cincinnata a fim de identificar seu potencial para uso em áreas com histórico da doença, bem como verificar a qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de P. edulis coletados nos estádios de maturação verde e amarelo em quatro áreas com diferentes formas de cultivo (convencional com e sem enxertia e orgânico com enxertia). No primeiro experimento, treze isolados de FOP foram utilizados e os inóculos produzidos na concentração de 106 UFC mL-1. As mudas de P. edulis e P. cincinnata foram produzidas em fibra de coco e, aos 45 dias após a semeadura, o sistema radicular foi imerso por cinco minutos em uma suspensão de conídios antes de serem replantadas em vasos de 770 mL. Foram utilizadas dez repetições, de cada espécie, para cada isolado e testemunha. As plantas foram avaliadas diariamente a partir do segundo dia após a inoculação (DAI) até o 90° DAI. Em seguida, um segundo experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com cinco repetições de quatro frutos cada. O primeiro fator foi o lugar de coleta com seus respectivos sistemas de cultivo e o segundo, o estágio de maturação. Os frutos foram colhidos e submetidos à análises físicas, físico-químicas e químicas, compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante. Todos os isolados foram patogênicos para ambas as espécies de Passiflora, no entanto, incidência e severidade foram maiores em P. edulis. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os isolados para o período de incubação dos isolados FOP 23 e 57, sendo superior para P. edulis. Peso do fruto, comprimento, largura e firmeza foram superiores nos frutos provenientes do sistema convencional sem enxertia, contudo o rendimento da polpa foi inferior. Sólidos solúveis, pH, açúcares redutores e açúcares solúveis totais foram superiores em frutos provenientes dos lugares de coleta com uso da enxertia. Compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante foram similares entre os frutos de diferentes lugares de coleta
Characterization of eucalyptus wood-derived biochar and its effects on hexazinone behavior in soil
Authors:   , Fernandes Bruno Caio Chaves
Published: December 2024

O biochar é um produto rico em carbono produzido a partir pirólise de materiais orgânicos em

um ambiente com condições limitadas de oxigênio ou anóxicas. A temperatura de pirólise do

material tem influência direta nas propriedades do biochar e, consequentemente, no seu

potencial de seu uso agrícola e ambiental. Nesta pesquisa foram avaliadas as características de

biochar de resíduos de madeira de eucalipto produzido em diferentes temperaturas de pirólise

e sua relação com o comportamento do herbicida hexazinone no solo. Inicialmente realizouse

produção dos biochars nas temperaturas de 450, 550, 650, 750, 850 e 950°C e foram

determinados o pH, CE, teor de cinzas, rendimento, materiais voláteis (TMV), análise

elementar (CHN-O), espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier, área de

superfície específica e volume de microporos, difração de raio-X e microscopia eletrônica de

varredura. Na segunda etapa foram realizados experimentos de sorção/dessorção foram obtidos

pelo método de equilíbrio em lotes, de lixiviação em colunas de vidros e o de distribuição em

frascos biométricos com os biochars produzido entre as temperaturas de 650 a 950°C. Os

resultados mostraram uma correlação positiva da temperatura de pirólise com o pH, CE e com

o carbono elementar, mantendo uma correlação negativa com o rendimento, TMV, oxigênio,

hidrogênio elementar, na relação H/C, O/C e (O+N)/C e na área de superfície especifica. A

análise de componentes principais mostrou que o maior índice de polaridade (O+N/C), teor de

cinzas e relação N/C associado com uma baixa relação de H/C foram as características que

tiveram maior influência no aumento da sorção, promovendo uma redução na lixiviação e na

disponibilidade do hexazinone. Os biochars produzidos à 850 e 950 °C foram os que obtiveram

maior sorção, reduzindo em mais de 80% a lixiviação e em mais de 46% a disponibilidade do

hexazinone. A adição do biochar foi eficiente para diminuiu a mobilidade e disponibilidade do

hexazinone no solo, reduzindo o risco de contaminação ambiental desse herbicida. No entanto,

a menor quantidade disponível de hexazinone no solo pode reduzir a eficácia no controle de

plantas daninhas em condição de campo.
Making Cancer Imaging Smarter: Emerging Techniques and Computational Outlook to Guide Precision Diagnostics
Authors: Singh Punit Kumar , Gupta Pradeep Kumar , Gupta Vivek , Singh Sandhya , Akhtar Salman
Published: December 2024

Medical imaging plays an indispensable role across the entire cancer care continuum, from screening and early detection to diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, and monitoring. While conventional imaging modalities like CT, MRI, and PET provide anatomical tumor delineation, innovative computational analysis approaches are beginning to extract novel quantitative imaging biomarkers that offer information beyond qualitative evaluation alone. The promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques lies in uncovering clinically actionable insights and patterns embedded within the massive trove of medical images, thereby enabling more accurate and personalized cancer management. This review examines the emerging role of AI, specifically deep learning approaches like convolutional neural networks (CNNs), U-Nets, and generative adversarial networks (GANs), for diverse cancer imaging applications spanning the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic domains. Established and cutting-edge techniques are reviewed toward precise, effective integration into clinical practice. An overview of conventional anatomical imaging modalities that currently represent the standard-of-care for oncologic diagnosis and treatment planning is first provided, highlighting CT, MRI, PET, and ultrasound imaging. Subsequently, advanced computational analytics approaches leveraging AI and deep learning for automated analysis of medical images are reviewed in depth, including key techniques like radiomics, tumor segmentation, and predictive modeling. Emerging studies showcase the remarkable potential for AI-powered imaging analytics to discern subtle phenotypic patterns, quantify tumor morphology, and integrate findings with genomic data for precision cancer management. However, thoughtful validation is indispensable before clinical integration. Nascent deep learning techniques offer tremendous promise to uncover previously inaccessible insights from medical imaging big data that can guide individualized cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning. However, careful translation of these powerful technologies by multidisciplinary teams of clinicians, imagers, and data scientists focused on evidence-based improvements in patient care is crucial to realize their full potential.
Chitosan: Microsphere Formulation and Characterization for Slow -
Release Prebiotic Activities in Gut Microbiota Remodelling
Authors: Kumar Sunny , Bhatia Zeel , Seshadri Sriram
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Chitosan is a biocompatible, mucoadhesive, and biodegradable polymer
widely used for various purposes due to its biological activity and safety. The current study aimed
to formulate Chitosan microspheres and conduct an in-vitro evaluation of their cytotoxicity. The
concept is focused on targeted gut delivery and biological activities in gut microbiota remodelling.

Methods:

The formulations were comprehensively characterized, encompassing SEM for surface
morphology, particle size analysis, and FT-IR for structural understanding. Along with biological
activity and cytotoxicity studies, dissolution efficiency was considered to understand release kinetics
potential and accelerated stability studies to predict formulation shelf-life.

Results:

The formulation showed smooth spherical surface morphology with an average size
range of 30.0 ± 5.0 μm and a charge of 20.35 ± 0.35 mV. Further, functional and thermal properties
were determined using FT-IR and DSC, respectively. The microspheres showed a potent prebiotic
potential in gut flora isolated and processed from a faecal sample of Wistar rats with prolonged
release characteristics in the dissolution study. A cytotoxicity study using rat intestinal
epithelial cells (IEC6) indicated that 40 mg /kg of microspheres could be considered an optimal
dose for an in-vivo study.

Conclusion:

The formulation demonstrated promising pharmaceutical applicability due to its potential
prebiotic nature and slow release into the gut environment. After a thorough in vivo study,
the microspheres can be broadly used to restore gut dysbiosis due to their potential prebiotic activities
in various diseases and disorders, including but not limited to obesity, type-2 diabetes, cardiometabolic
disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Characteristics Analysis of A Three-Phase Induction Generator with Resistive Load on Rectifier Utilization
Authors: Umaya Rahma Tiana , Hasanah Rini Nur , Utomo Teguh , Wibawa Unggul , Suyono Hadi , Nurwati Tri , Ardhenta Lunde
Published: December 2024

Self-excited induction generators are a specific form of three-phase induction generators that were frequently used for generating electricity in remote locations that had no access to the main power grid. The generator was commonly connected to different electrical loads, such as light bulbs, which were classified as resistive loads. However, because of its non-linear nature, the use of rectifiers can generate harmonic currents, leading to voltage distortion. Hence, this study performed a comparative analysis of the attributes of a self-excited three-phase generator operating with a resistive load in two different scenarios: one with the utilization of a rectifier and the other without. The PSIM software was utilized for the purpose of modeling and simulation. Three scenarios were established: generator working without any electrical load, generator connected only to a resistive load, and generator linked to a resistive load along with a rectifier. A study was undertaken to analyze distortion and found that when the output voltage was connected to a resistive load spanning from 15.29 Ω to 153 Ω, it generated a total harmonic distortion of 2.165% to 4.827%. Furthermore, the harmonic distortion of the load current, the harmonic distortion of the capacitor current, and the overall current varied from 28.965% to 30.512%, 3.684% to 16.246%, and 1.916% to 4.404%, respectively. The output harmonic distortion generated by the three-phase induction generator at rotational speeds of 1551, 1518, and 1432 rpm remained below the permissible thresholds, as specified in IEEE 519-2014.
Effect of Stirring Time in Induction Furnace on Density, Porosity, Efficiency, Fluidity, and Geometry of Al-Mg-Si Castings
Authors: Putra Fadio Romanza , Pramana Aga Sehry , Pamungkas Bangun Setyo , Maulyansyah Rifaldi , Suprapto Wahyono , Al-Hchaimi Ahmed Abbas Jasim
Published: December 2024

The study examined the impact of stirring time on the quality of Al-Mg-Si alloy cast products, focusing on parameters such as density, porosity, efficiency, fluidity, and geometry. Results showed that longer stirring times led to higher density, reduced porosity, improved efficiency, greater fluidity, and better geometric properties, including roundness. The highest density was achieved at a stirring time of 60 seconds, with the lowest porosity of 0.93%. The efficiency of the cast products reached 90.768%, and fluidity reached a maximum of 6.3 cm with increased stirring time. The roundness value decreased to 1.61 mm, indicating improved geometric quality. The study underscores the importance of optimizing stirring time to improve the overall quality and performance of cast products. Future research should explore the effects of other process parameters, such as stirring speed and temperature, and investigate the combined impact of multiple parameters for different alloy compositions.
Pathways to climate resilience
Authors: Phlippen Sandra
Published: December 2024

In her inaugural lecture, Professor Sandra Phlippen addresses the profound challenges posed by climate change and outlines five pathways to achieving climate resilience. These pathways are diverse, ranging from global initiatives to local strategies, encompassing physical infrastructure changes and the redirection of financial resources.

Phlippen first emphasizes the critical need for translating scientific knowledge into practical solutions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions by households and firms. She aims to bridge the gap between scientific research and its application in the banking sector and public policy. Furthermore, she highlights her ongoing research on financial resilience, including studies on occupational transfers and the effects of financial coaching.

The lecture then delves into the economic impacts of climate change, citing projections that maintaining current economic practices could reduce global GDP by 20% by 2100. In contrast, transitioning to a climate-resilient economy would cost about 1.5% of global GDP, underscoring the economic rationale for action. Despite these figures, two significant barriers hinder progress: the "tragedy of the horizon," where current generations are reluctant to make sacrifices for future benefits, and the "tragedy of the commons," where individual efforts to reduce emissions seem insignificant without collective action.

Phlippen advocates for a global carbon tax as an ultimate pathway, arguing that, eventually, the self-interest of nations will align with the global need to mitigate climate change. However, she acknowledges that this might come too late for many. She stresses the importance of annual awareness campaigns to highlight the costs of inaction.

The pathways to climate resilience also include adapting physical infrastructure and urban planning to mitigate the effects of climate change. This involves enhancing energy efficiency, electrifying processes, integrating renewable energy sources, and capturing residual carbon emissions. Phlippen underscores the importance of local adaptation measures, such as improving the energy efficiency of homes and making them resilient to extreme weather conditions.

Finally, she discusses the crucial role of global finance in achieving climate resilience by redirecting capital towards sustainable investments. She critiques the current state of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) investments, noting that most focus on minimizing the impact of climate policies on investments rather than on reducing the environmental impact of the investments themselves.

In conclusion, Phlippen calls for a concerted effort to align global capital flows with climate goals and emphasizes the need for policies that promote financial resilience in the face of climate-related risks.
Docelowy układ komunikacyjny aglomeracji kaliskiej
Authors: Wójcicki Tadeusz
Published: December 2024

Już z pobieżnego porównania stanu komunikacji aglomeracji kaliskiej z innymi podobnej wielkości aglomeracjami w Polsce, np. z aglomeracją kielecką, wynika wniosek o względnym niedoinwestowaniu transportowym Kalisza oraz jego okolic, w tym sąsiedniego miasta Ostrów Wielkopolski. Symbolem tego niedoinwestowania jest choćby zupełny brak autostrad albo dróg ekspresowych łączących Kalisz z innymi aglomeracjami oraz brak szybkich powiązań kolejowych z najbliższymi aglomeracjami.
W tej sytuacji celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie, jaki powinien być docelowy system obsługi komunikacyjnej aglomeracji kaliskiej. Aby ten cel osiągnąć, konieczne jest opisanie stanu aktualnego aglomeracji, opracowanie modelu teoretycznego układu komunikacyjnego aglomeracji, dokonanie diagnozy stanu istniejącego, przedstawienie zakładanych planów rozwoju tego układu, ich analiza i ocena oraz na koniec sprecyzowanie założeń do budowy optymalnego docelowego układu dla aglomeracji.
Pogłębiona analiza stanu istniejącego komunikacji potwierdziła wstępny wniosek o niedoinwestowaniu, a analiza opracowanych już planów rozwoju transportu zakończyła się kolejnym wnioskiem o ich niekompletności, dlatego autor zaproponował dalszą rozbudowę układu transportowego, a do konstruowania tego docelowego układu przyjął systemowe podejście przy uwzględnieniu lokalnych uwarunkowań funkcjonalno-technicznych, urbanistycznych i ekologicznych.
W rezultacie powstała autorska lista niezbędnych dodatkowych inwestycji zarówno w zakresie powiązań zewnętrznych, jak i wewnętrznych aglomeracji. W zakresie drogowym lista ta obejmuje przede wszystkim budowę dodatkowych dróg ekspresowych z Kalisza do Poznania i Łodzi (S12) oraz do Wrocławia i Bydgoszczy (S25), a także budowę obwodnic miast dla dróg niższej rangi oraz uporządkowanie i rozszerzenie dotychczasowych planów rozbudowy dróg wewnątrzmiejskich. W zakresie kolejowym to przede wszystkim realizacja kolei dużych prędkości (KDP) z Kalisza do Łodzi, Wrocławia i Poznania, budowa brakującej konwencjonalnej linii kolejowej do Konina oraz modernizacja głównej osi kolejowej aglomeracji, tj. linii między Opatówkiem, Kaliszem i Ostrowem Wielkopolskim, w tym uruchomienie na niej kolei aglomeracyjnej z przyspieszonymi podróżami.
Dodatkowo zaproponowano powstanie trzeciego skupiska urbanistycznego aglomeracji położonego w rejonie postulowanego węzła KDP w Skalmierzycach, czyli między obecnymi głównymi centrami aglomeracji w Kaliszu i Ostrowie Wlkp.
Słowa kluczowe: planowanie przestrzenne, aglomeracja, transport, kolej dużych prędkości (KDP), drogi ekspresowe, obwodnice, środowisko
Viral/Non-Viral Vectors in DNA/RNA Delivery Technology
Authors: Hosseinkhani Hossein
Published: December 2024

Viral and non-viral vectors for nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) therapeutics are important in development of pharmaceutical industries. Although viral vectors have shown significant impact in transfection of DNA/RNA, but numerus studies have shown that non-viral vectors are also effective for the safe and targeted delivery of DNA/RNA to exact location in the body with high percentage of efficacy, safety, and low-immunogenicity. It is also important to protect the nucleic acids from degradation and large-scale production capability at low cost. This review article discusses the potential applications of viral vectors in DNA/RNA delivery technology, while some of the applications of non-viral vectors are compared with viral vectors.
Evaluating the Global Burden and Evolution of Major Depressive Disorder Associated with Adverse Life Experiences: Implications for Healthcare and Nursing Practice (Preprint)
Authors: Shi Huating , Kuang Panpan , Shi Yunzhong , Liu Li , Wang Xiuling , Ren Guiping , Wang Fangfang , Li Miaomiao , Luo Weiwei , Cui Ying
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

To address the global health challenge posed by Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) linked to adverse life experiences (ALEs)

OBJECTIVE

This study examines the temporal trends, geographical distribution, and future projections of MDD burden associated with ALEs in 204 countries and territories, informing healthcare planning and nursing education.

METHODS

This study analyzed global data from 1990-2021, examining three primary ALEs: childhood sexual abuse, bullying victimization, and intimate partner violence. We employed descriptive statistics, age-period-cohort modeling (APCM), and Bayesian analysis to assess temporal trends and project future burden. The analysis included calculation of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), age-standardized death rates (ASDR), and population attributable fractions (PAF).

RESULTS

The global age-standardized rates in 2021 were 6.32% for childhood sexual abuse, 7.96% for bullying victimization, and 21.99% for intimate partner violence. From 1990 to 2021, DALYs associated with intimate partner violence showed the most substantial increase (83%). ASDR rates increased significantly for MDD linked to bullying victimization (22%) and intimate partner violence (9%). Geographical analysis revealed significant variations, with some countries showing marked decreases (e.g., Singapore, China) while others demonstrated notable increases (e.g., United States, Norway) in MDD burden. APCM analysis identified peak DALYs rates at age 42 for childhood sexual abuse-related MDD and age 50 for intimate partner violence-related MDD. Projections through 2046 indicate a continued upward trend in MDD burden, with intimate partner violence-related cases expected to increase by 17.98%.

CONCLUSIONS

The study described temporal patterns of ALEs related MDD from 1990 to 2021, and predicted the DALYs numbers in the next 25 years. These findings have important implications for healthcare planning and nursing education, suggesting the need for targeted interventions and enhanced mental health services.
Freezing Patterns in Saline Soils: Modeling with Regard to the Osmotic Effect
Authors: Ramazanov Mukamay , Bulgakova Natal'ya , Lobkovsky Leopold , Chuvilin Evgeny , Gadzhimagomedova Salikhat , Shakhova Natalia
Published: December 2024

Freezing patterns in a porous soil saturated with a saline solution are investigated with regard to osmotic effects, using a model suggested previously by the authors but in a more general formulation. The results include a numerical and an approximate self-similar analytical solution to a nonlinear problem; description of typical freezing behavior in the presence of osmotic pressure. The modeling results agree well with experimental evidence on freezing of saline clay and sand. The model includes three porous domains with ice (I), thermodynamically equilibrated ice+solution (II), and a liquid saline solution (III) in the pores. The modeling is performed for a simplified case of domains II and III that share a mobile phase boundary where the solution freezes up partially, with heat release.
Low-Magnitude Seismicity of the Continent-Ocean Transition Zone in the Eurasian Arctic
Authors: Morozov Aleksey , Vaganova Natalia , Konechnaya Yana , Mikhaylova Yana , Petrova N.
Published: December 2024

A significant increase in the number of seismic stations occurred in the Eurasian Arctic during the late 20th to early 21st century, which led to a decrease in the minimum magnitude of earthquake registration for some Arctic regions. One of the areas that have been until recently poorly studied in terms of low-magnitude seismicity includes the continent-ocean transition zone in the northern Eurasian shelf. An analysis of the monitoring performed using the seismic stations in operation in the Franz Josef Land and Severnaya Zemlya archipelagos complemented with data from the seismic stations on the Svalbard archipelago for the period from December 2011 to November 2020 made it possible to study the space-time patterns in the low magnitude seismicity at the continent-ocean transition zone. The most active features are the Franz Victoria and St. Anna grabens, and the Bely and Victoria High.
Satellite-Detected Anomalous Changes in Parameters of Various Geophysical Fields During Earthquakes of 6 ≤ M ≤ 7.8 in Türkiye in February 2023
Authors: Bondur Valeriy , Tsidilina Marina , Efremycheva Elena , Voronova Olga , Gaponova Mariya , Feoktistova Natalya , Zima Alla
Published: December 2024

Research was conducted using satellite data to study variations in parameters of various geophysical fields manifested in the lithosphere, atmosphere, and ionosphere during the preparation and occurrence of destructive earthquakes of 6 ≤ M ≤ 7.8 in Türkiye in February 2023. Precursor manifestations of these seismic events were satellite-detected in the form of anomalies in parameters of various geophysical fields, including: lineament systems, surface skin temperature and surface air temperature, relative humidity, latent heat flux, integrated flux of outgoing longwave radiation, altitude changes in ionospheric electron density, total electron content of the ionosphere, as well as aerosol optical depth. It was found that the anomalies of all studied geophysical fields detected using satellite data manifested most intensively during the period 3–13 days before the onset of seismic events.
Properties of Short-Period Internal Waves Near Svalbard from Sentinel-1 Satellite Data
Authors: Kozlov Igor , Mihaylichenko Tamara , Petrenko Larisa
Published: December 2024

Here we present the results of observations of short-period internal waves (SIWs) in Fram Strait and near Svalbard based on analysis of Sentinel-1 A/B synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data in June-September 2018. Analysis of 1500 spaceborne SAR images allowed to identify 750 surface signatures of SIWs. Maximal number of SIW identifications is observed in August, when both stratification and ice conditions are favorable for SIW generation and identification in satellite data. Background meteorological conditions in summer 2018 favored the northward movement of the ice boundary up to 82,5 ∘ N that allowed to observe SIWs over the Yermak Plateau. Four main regions of SIW observations were identified – deep Fram Strait region (depths over 2000 m), southwestern Yermak Plateau with depth range of 500–1500 m, and two shelf break/upper continental slope regions northwest from Svalbard with depths below 500 m. Analysis of spatial properties of SIWs has shown that the study region is dominated by SIW trains with a mean crest length of 15 km and mean packet length of about 5 km. The largest SIW trains with area of nearly 400 km2 were observed over the Yermak Plateau where tidal currents are maximal.
Muslim American Voices: Saba Fathima’s Attitudinal Position in TEDx Talks
Authors: Nailafidah Salsabiila , Handayani Tuty
Published: December 2024

This study examines the appraisal system of Saba Fathima’s speech “Making Spaces for Muslim Voices” at TEDx Talk to understand Fathima’s attitude regarding the Muslim American voices. Utilizing the qualitative approach, this study employs Martin and White’s Appraisal Theory. It collects the data by dividing the speech into clauses and examines them based on three elements of appraisal’s attitude such as affect, judgment, and appreciation. The attitude can also be divided into positive and negative attitude. The findings demonstrate that the most common attitude used by Saba Fathima is judgement (55%), followed by affect (41%) and appreciation (4%). It implies that Fathima prefers to show the assessment of experience she faced as Muslim American rather than emphasizing her appreciation. Additionally, she shows more positive attitude than the negative one, implying her optimism toward the future of Muslim American. The study shows how Saba Fathima strategically arranges the words and structures her speech to build an interpersonal relationship with her audiences. By carefully selecting the diction, she effectively communicates her messages and thoughts, influences the audience’s perspective, and creates meaningful interactions. This study also highlights her ability to convey a shared responsibility in addressing the issues faced by Muslim Americans. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of rhetorical strategies in producing persuasive and impactful speeches.
A Socio-Economic Study of Hansawas Khurd Village of Charkhi Dadri District
Authors: Kumari Amita
Published: December 2024

Despite notable improvements in the social conditions of villages across Haryana, significant challenges remain for a large segment of the population, particularly in accessing higher education and essential services. While the government has made considerable efforts to provide basic facilities in rural areas, many residents continue to struggle with inadequate healthcare, education, and sanitation. To gain deeper insights into these persistent issues, a detailed case study was conducted in Hansawas Khurd village, situated in the Charkhi Dadri District. The study focused on evaluating various indicators of education and socio-economic status among rural households. Key aspects analyzed included household facilities, levels of educational achievement, employment patterns, and income distribution. The research utilized primary data collected from 60 households, covering a total of 150 respondents. By examining this data, the study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the community's access to essential resources and the impact of infrastructure development on their daily lives.
Trust: In Search of the Core Features
Authors: Montecino Diego
Published: December 2024

It has been a long time ago that trusts arrived in different non-common law jurisdictions. Its worldwide adoption, however, has risen some doubts about what are the essential elements that must be present in this legal device. Different scholars have proposed what is called the “essentials” of a trust. This contribution aims to provide another alternative to this doctrine. After some preventions regarding the scope of this work, and using the English, Scottish and Argentinian cases, it is concluded that a trust ­– for being a proper trust – must fulfilled three requisites: (i) the settlor must not have control over the trust assets; (ii) the trustee must act under an standard of conduct and fiduciary duties; and (iii) the trustee must benefit someone (the beneficiary) or fulfil a purpose. Nevertheless, this is not enough to justify their essentiality when setting up a trust: they are also core features because their absence threats its validity and existence.
Seabed Trawling on the High Seas: Legislating Environmentally Damaging Fishing Techniques Beyond National Jurisdiction
Authors: Barraclough Bryn
Published: December 2024

This paper explores international law which could protect marine life on the High Seas from environmentally damaging fishing techniques, particularly that of seabed trawling which has become a big contributor to CO2 emissions in addition to marine habitat destruction. It compares the markedly rapid international response to driftnet fishing to the current problem of seabed trawling, while analyzing UNCLOS legislation on environmental degradation on the High Seas. Furthermore, this paper analyses the sway and power of Regional Fisheries Management Organisation's in responding to environmentally damaging fishing techniques within their jurisdiction. Finally the BBNJ treaty, not yet in force, is analysed to determine how it will impact protections for marine life from environmentally damaging fishing practices on the High Seas.
СЕЛЕКТИВНАЯ ПАЙКА – ОПТИМАЛЬНОЕ РЕШЕНИЕ ДЛЯ МОНТАЖА МНОГОСЛОЙНЫХ ТЕПЛОЕМКИХ ПЕЧАТНЫХ ПЛАТ
Authors: Витюгов А.
Published: December 2024

Развитие технологий в сфере электроники ставит перед производителями
новые задачи, от решения которых зависит качество и надежность
выпускаемых устройств. Одной из подобных задач является монтаж
выводных компонентов на многослойные теплоемкие печатные платы,
такие как материнские платы или контроллеры. Платы подобного типа
используются в различных областях – от авионики до бытовых приборов.
Сложная архитектура многослойных печатных плат и особенности
монтируемых компонентов накладывают существенные ограничения
и вызывают трудности, связанные с контролем качества пайки
и обеспечением высокого уровня повторяемости. В статье обсуждаются
преимущества и особенности технологии селективной пайки, которая
позволяет достичь высокого качества монтажа многослойных печатных
плат без дополнительных финансовых затрат.
Determinan Indeks Saham Syariah di Indonesia dan Malaysia
Authors: Nasyatia Zety , Al Arif M. Nur Rianto
Published: December 2024

Islamic stock indices are influenced by many factors, both domestic and foreign. This study tried to test the determinants of Islamic stock indexes in Indonesia and Malaysia. Using data in the 2012-2017 periods, this study found that there were several factors that influenced the Islamic stock index in Indonesia and Malaysia. World gold prices and the Dow Jones Islamic Market (DJIUS) affect sharia stock indices in both Indonesia and Malaysia. For the world oil price variable only affects the Islamic stock index in Malaysia, but not in Indonesia. While the inflation rate has no effect on sharia stock indexes in Indonesia and Malaysia. This finding has important implications for determining policies related to the Islamic capital market.
Strategi Pengelolaan Zakat, Infak, dan Shadaqah di Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis UHAMKA
Authors: Tohirin Tohirin
Published: December 2024

This study aims to find the ideal management model for zakat, infaq, and shadaqah (ZIS). The research object is the Laboratory of Social Entrepreneurship and Islamic Philanthropy (LKSFI), Faculty of Economics and Business, Prof. Muhammadiyah University. DR. Hamka (FEB-UHAMKA) Jakarta. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data Collection Techniques The technique used in collecting data in this study was in-depth interviews with several key informants, which consisted of: (1) LKSFI leaders, (2) LAZISMU-UHAMKA leaders, (3) ) Dean of FEB-UHAMKA, (4) LKSFI volunteers, (5) lecturers, (6) students, and (7) local communities, especially mustahiq and muzaki. As a support, observation and document analysis are used. The data analysis technique was carried out in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The final conclusion is that FEB-UHAMKA has an innovative strategy in managing zakat, infaq and shadaqah. Unlike ZIS gathering institutions in general, FEB-UHAMKA established an Islamic social entrepreneurship and philanthropy lab as a driving force then collaborated with LAZISMU-UHAMKA and Mini Bank in managing ZIS. The establishment of the lab has become a separate model that is relevant to the academic world so that it has received positive responses from various parties.
Teologi Filantropi Perspektif Buya HAMKA
Authors: Dwifajri Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This study discusses the idea of HAMKA on the relationship between aqidah and philanthropy. As understands that Islam has four aspects; aqidah, ibadah, and mu'amalah and akhlak. Thoses aspects are inseparable. The purpose of the study is to argues that aqidah and philanthropy are also inseparable. This study applies a qualitative approach, based on literature review. Strictly speaking, in this context, aqidah (belief / faith) is closely related to action, including in philanthropic practice. According to HAMKA, faith must be proved in action and philanthropy activity to those are in need is manifestation of faith
Efektifitas Qardh Al-Hasan Dalam Kerangka Zakat Produktif Untuk Pemberdayaan UMKM
Authors: Rizal Fauzi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi zakat produktif dan efektifatas redistribusi dana zakat produktif untuk pemberdyaan UMKM. Tulisan ini merupakan studi kepustakaan menggunakan pendekatan grounded teory dengan metode SLR (Sistetmatic Literatur Review) bertujuan mendiskripsikan dan menganalisis secara kritis zakat produktif sebagai instrumen pemberdayaan masyarakat serta mensintesis hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu. Tulisan ini selain mendiskripsikan zakat dari segala demensinya, juga menjelaskan zakat sebagai solusi kemiskinan dengan efektifitas konsep zakat produktif melalui akad qardh al-hasan. Hasil dari penelitian ini efektifitas zakat produkif dengan akad qardh al-hasan di setiap lembaga zakat berbeda-beda, ada yang terlaksana sesuai harapan dan umkm binaan memperoleh kehidupan yang layak dan dibeberapa tempat masih belum susuai harapan karena ada beberapa kendala yang harus dievaluasi. Terkahir upaya akad qardhul hasan dalam zakat produktif untuk mewujudkan kehidupan UMKM binaan menjadi lebih baik, akad qardhul hasan sebaiknya bertindak sebagai akad tatawwu’ (tolong menolong) bukan bertindak sebagai akad komersial yang represif.
Analisis Asas Kerelaan Atau Konsensualisme Pada Lembaga Pinjam Meminjam Berbasis Fintech Syariah
Authors: Indarisuci
Published: December 2024

Trend fintech atau financial technology di Indonesia semakin marak di kalangan masyarakat. Meninjau fakta tersebut tidak dapat dipungkiri jika peluang berkembangnya fintech yang berbasis syariah bisa saja lebih besar. Dalam mekanisme fintech syariah tentu ada syarat-syarat perjanjian yang harus dipenuhi oleh kedua pihak, agar perjanjian tersebut dianggap sah di mata hukum dan syariat agama. Salah satu syarat tersebut yakni adanya kesepakatan dari kedua pihak, kesepakatan disini yakni kerelaan dari kedua pihak tanpa adanya paksaan atau justru penipuan. Penelitian disini berfokus pada analisis asas kerelaan atau konsensualisme pada lembaga pinjam meminjam berbasis fintech syariah, dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif yang mana data diperoleh dari jurnal terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang diambil. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa asas kerelaan di lembaga pinjam meminjam berbasis syariah ini telah diimplementasikan dengan baik.
Influencer Impact; Solusi Produsen Dalam Mempromosikan Produk
Authors: Febrianto Ahmad , Salsabila Saida
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Kualitatif agar dapat menghasilkan uraian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisis mengenai strategi dalam mempromosikan produk dengan menggunakan Endorsment. Dalam perkembangan teknologi untuk saat ini apalagi dengan adanya internet sangat cepat dan sangat berdampak hampir kesegala bidang pun baik kehidupan yang dimana untuk saat ini dipengaruhi oleh internet. Dengan adanya internet sangat memberikan peluang bagi pemasaran ataupun marketing sangat dibutuhkan, adanya internet berdampak dan munculnya sebuah periklanan digital yang dimana para pemilik usaha mulai menjadikan media sebagai media promosi, karena bisa menciptakan peluang terhadap sebuah perusahaan.
Sedekah Bergulir dalam Persepektif Agama Islam dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Masduki Uki , Purwana Dede , Sariningsih2 Tuti
Published: December 2024

Fenomena gerakan sedekah belakangan ini merupakan ciri bahwa masyarakat Indonesia memiliki kepedulian yang tinggi antar sesama. Disamping itu juga gerakan ini sedikit banyaknya membantu pemerintah dalam mengurangi kemiskinan. Namun, sedekah yang diberikan harus benar-benar memberikan dampak jangka panjang bagi penerima, bukan untuk kepentingan sesaat. Sedekah yang diberikan harus mampu memberdayakan penerima. Agar sedekah yang diberikan berjalan efektif dan mampu mengatasi kemiskinan maka perlu ditemukan solusi/inovasi, salah satunya adalah melalui lembaga Sedekah Bergulir. Konsep Sedekah bergulir adalah sedekah yang diberikan kepada yang berhak menerimanya yaitu masyarakat ekonomi produktif, yaitu pelaku usaha mikro-informal-nonbankable atau masyarakat calon ekonomi produktif. Sedekah yang diberikan dalam bentuk "pinjaman" akan digulirkan atau dikembalikan untuk masyarakat dhuafa ekonomi produktif atau masyarakat dhuafa calon ekonomi produktif lainnya. Dalam pelaksanaannya, sedekah bergulir tidak merugikan pihak pemberi dan penerima serta tidak ada dalil khusus yang melarangnya maka dalam pandangan islam sedekah bergulir diperbolehkan. Implementasi sedekah bergulir di Indonesia dijamin oleh UU tentang Yayasan dan UU dan peraturan tentang pengelolaan zakat.
LIDERANÇA LMX E INTENÇÃO DE ROTATIVIDADE: UM ESTUDO MEDIADO PELA SATISFAÇÃO NO TRABALHO
Authors: Siqueira da Conceição Wellem , Mattos Carlos André Corrêa de , Descovi Schimith Cristiano , Junio Fernandes Assumpção Douglas
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a influência da liderança na intenção de rotatividade mediada pela satisfação no trabalho.
Método/abordagem: Levantamento com 222 servidores públicos federais da educação superior, selecionados por amostragem não probabilística por acessibilidade. Os dados foram obtidos com questionário de pesquisa tendo como base as escalas Leader-Member-Exchange (LMX-7), Short Index of Job Satisfaction(SIJS) e a Escala de Intenção de Rotatividade (EIR), sendo tratados com técnicas quantitativas, mais especificamente modelagem de equações estruturais (MEE) por mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS-SEM).
Principais resultados: Os resultados mostraram que o aprimoramento na qualidade da relação líder-membro exerce influência negativa na intenção de rotatividade e que a satisfação com o trabalho modera parcialmente a relação entre liderança e intenção de rotatividade. No mesmo sentido, a liderança influencia positivamente na satisfação com o trabalho e a satisfação com o trabalho é capaz de reduzir a intenção de rotatividade.
Contribuições teóricas/práticas/sociais: A pesquisa avança na perspectiva teórica ao se debruçar na relação entre liderança, intenção de rotatividade e satisfação no trabalho entre servidores púbicos da educação superior. Já na perspectiva aplicada, este estudo contribui para o aprimoramento das relações trabalhistas, especialmente na relação entre líderes e liderados, podendo, com isso, propiciar uma experiência laboral mais gratificante e construtiva.
Originalidade/relevância: O estudo busca ampliar a compreensão da relação entre liderança e intenção de rotatividade entre servidores públicos federais da educação superior ao considerar a teoria LMX e a mediação da satisfação com o trabalho.
SUPRAELEVATOR ABSCESS WITH EXTENSION TO THE RIGHT PERIVESICAL SPACE
Authors:   Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Fernández-Isart Myriam , Alfonso-García Maria , Alonso-Hernández Natalia , González-Argente Xavier Francesc
Published: December 2024

Resume

Background One of the most frequent causes of visits to the emergency room for surgical pathology are perineal abscesses, and supralevator abscesses, it is a rare subtype but necessary to suspect, to make a correct diagnosis and treatment.

Clinical case: Male patient comes to the emergency room with proctalgia and fever. Abdominal-pelvic CT is performed and a supralevator abscess is oriented, performing surgical debridement.

Conclusion: Given the suspicion of a supralevator abscess, it would be indicated to perform a pelvic MRI for a correct diagnosis, but a pelvic CT scan is feasible. The drainage route will depend on the origin and evolution of the abscess.
“CIRUJANOS EN ACCIÓN” FOUNDATION: OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Fundación Cirujanos en Acción, Brutón-Vila Teresa , Fernández-De Valderrama Inés , Fernández-Luengas David
Published: December 2024

La Fundación Cirujanos en Acción realiza actividades de cooperación internacional, generalmente en zonas deprimidas de países en desarrollo, con la finalidad de establecer actuaciones sanitarias de predominio quirúrgico, además de puentes culturales y docentes con los distintos países donde desarrolla su trabajo.