bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction of informal institutions in Кashmir amid uncertainty
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Muratbekova Albina , Gabdullin Kenzhebek
Published: July 2024

Kashmir has been a cultural crossroads for centuries for different nationalities, languages, and reli-gious communities. The geographical location of Kashmir, along with its rich ethnic mosaic with vari-ous cultural, religious, and linguistic characteristics, has led to the development of a unique landscape in which formal and informal institutions are closely intertwined. At present, political instability and conflict potential in the region have been added to the palette of ethnic and cultural diversity, which has led to increased militarization of the region. Against this backdrop, the research, by considering the characteristics of the historical and ethnic-cultural development of the Kashmiris, analyses the causes and mechanisms of the emergence and formation of informal institutions, as well as the nature of their sustainability in the current socio-political conditions. To achieve this, the article first examines the historical background and ethnic and cultural context of Kashmir. Then, it reveals the reasons for the conflict potential of the region and its consequences for the development of social ties. Further, using the cases of informal institutions, the article analyses how the local population uses the mechanisms of informal practices to solve various social issues, bypassing complex procedures in formal structures. In conclusion, the article reflects on the role of informal mechanisms in the context of the broader develop-ment of Kashmir.
The economic miracle of Сhina
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Ramazanov Altay , Krengauz Irina , Bolatkhanova Zaure
Published: July 2024

The significance and role of the basic conditions for the economic miracle of China and the forma-tion of China as a world hegemon and leader are characterized. Answers are given to directly posed questions of how and why China has obtained not only positive, but phenomenal development results in such a short time. How China managed to virtually eradicate poverty and feed its 1.5 billion people. Initially, the strategic goals, model and mechanisms for achieving the economic development of the leading countries of the world by attracting their capital and technology were correctly set. Economic modernization contained the export orientation of the economy, the attraction of foreign investment and technology, a high share of investment in GDP, and the active participation of the state in the develop-ment of the economy. The direct leadership of the modernization of the economy was carried out by the Communist Party of China. The conditions that determined the success of the developed economic model of modernization include effective factors: a huge labor market, imports of ethnic Chinese foreign capital. Drivers of growth and experimental platforms for market reforms were special economic zones opened under the developed Program. The visible success of special economic zones led to the creation of a network of territories “Zones of Economic and Technological Development”. The privatization of state-owned enterprises has Chinese specifics: Chinese privatization does not mean the state’s with-drawal from economic activity. In all strategic areas of China, the monopoly of state-owned enterprises has been preserved. The engine of growth is large (including those occupying a monopoly position) state-owned corporations seeking to invest their profits in new projects. China in the 21st century is transforming the economy into a new technological and innovative level.
Technology of reducing greenhouse gas emissions for decarbonization and decreasing anthropogenic pressure on the environment
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Bolegenova Saltanat , Askarova Aliya , Ospanova Shynar , Zhumagaliyeva Sabina , Makanova Ayaulym , Aldiyarova Aliya , Nurmukhanova Alfiya , Idrissova Gulzhan
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of technology for reducing greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, nitrogen) emitted during the operation of internal combustion engines when various types of liquid fuels are burned in them to reduce the harmful anthropogenic impact on the environment. Based on statistical data, the work presents an analysis of the dynamics of local and global emissions into the atmosphere in recent years and preventive measures to reduce them for decarbonization. The work presents a mathematical model consisting of basic conservation equations that describe the combustion process of liquid fuels at high turbulence. The paper presents the results of computational experiments to determine optimal conditions for the combustion of liquid fuels (gasoline and heptane). A study of the atomization and combustion processes was carried out depending on the droplet injection rate in the combustion chamber at high turbulence. Optimal combustion parameters for gasoline and heptane were determined. Based on the computational experiments carried out, the temperature and dispersion characteristics of the fuel-air mixture, as well as the concentration fields of combustion products (CO2, N2 profiles) and the aerodynamics of two-phase flow for two types of liquid fuels were obtained. Based on the results obtained, optimal combustion modes for gasoline and heptane were determined, in which it is possible to organize rational combustion of fuels, reduce the number of harmful emissions released, and improve engine efficiency. The application of the obtained optimal parameters for the combustion of hydrocarbon liquid fuels in the combustion chambers of real heat engines will minimize the anthropogenic load on the surrounding atmosphere with the release of greenhouse gases, promote decarbonization in the energy sector, and reduce the carbon footprint.
RESEARCH ON THE APPLICATION OF SAP’S AI AND MACHINE LEARNING SOLUTIONS IN DIAGNOSING DISEASES AND SUGGESTING TREATMENT PROTOCOLS
Authors: Surya Sai Ram Parimi
Published: July 2024

The focus of this paper is to determine how the various AI and machine learning modules of SAP are revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the healthcare sector. The incorporation of AI and ML components within the SAP systems has been a major step forward in using this technology in healthcare sectors mostly in the diagnosis and management of diseases. SAP solutions that use AI can improve its capacity for analyzing large volumes of data and accurately seeking out relationships and tendencies that might be beyond human clinicians’ discernment. Applying the described insights, AI modules within SAP can help identify diseases at their initial stage, forecast the further development of diseases, and offer individualised treatment based on the patent’s characteristics [1]. This facilitates the accurate identification of ailments that patients have, as well as adjustment of treatment schedules and delivery in a way that will leave patients with optimum results. SAP’s digital solutions for AI and ML are embedded seamlessly in the current structures of healthcare systems and offer real time analysis/ decision support systems to assist clinicians in decision making. These systems use complex analytics that include medical records, imaging data, and genetic information to convert data into insight. For example, in the case of cancer, SAP’s AI can identify the outcome that portrays the specific tumor and even the genetics wheel to suggest the right chemotherapy regimen. Likewise in chronic illness care, the system can track a patient's health status, and offer changes to therapy regimens to keep patients in the best of health possible [1]. The analysis of AI and machine learning in SAP for the healthcare industry revealed the possibility of reshaping healthcare with higher accuracy in diagnosis and more precise treatment plans. Through the accumulation of data, these AI systems improve their patterns in the disease thereby improving the disease control plans. Besides, this also makes the burden from the healthcare provider’s side lighter and helps the patient to be more positive and proactive with the kind of treatment that they are preparing to undergo or are going through. Thus, continuous updates are necessary where improvements and innovative solutions are sought after in order to promote its use and efficient incorporation into globalized health care systems which would lead to a better performing health care system.
Projetos de extensão desenvolvidos em uma instituição de ensino e sua relação com a segurança alimentar
Authors: Guarienti Cíntia , Cenci Alexander
Published: July 2024

A segurança alimentar refere-se à acessibilidade de toda população aos alimentos, conforme consta nos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). As instituições de ensino podem contribuir de maneira significativa com a construção do conhecimento acerca deste assunto, por meio de diferentes atividades. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar como a segurança alimentar é abordada em projetos de extensão desenvolvidos no Instituto Federal Farroupilha (IFFar). Realizou-se uma busca no sistema institucional, utilizando-se como indicadores: o tipo de ação (projeto); área temática (Sociais – segurança alimentar e nutricional) e ano (2020, 2021 e 2022). Uma maior indicação dos ODS foi observada nos projetos de 2022, sendo que o ODS 2 (fome zero e agricultura sustentável) foi o mais mencionado. Nesse sentido, percebe-se que as ações de extensão, por meio de instituições de ensino, podem fomentar a segurança alimentar, reforçando a importância da intersetorialidade na busca por políticas públicas mais adequadas.
Analyzing social enterprise generating and facilitating factors using ZIP model
Authors: Kim Min Jeong , Park Hyung Jun ,   The Korea Association Of Governance Studies
Published: July 2024

This study aims to empirically analyze the factors affecting the revitalization of social enterprises, which are attracting attention as a policy for job creation and regional revitalization, focusing on the administrative district of Seoul. Literature review on social enterprise revitalization focus on the increase and decrease of the number of revitalized social enterprises, and no empirical analysis has been attempted to distinguish between facilitating and generating factors. In this study, We classify social enterprises into administrative districts of Seoul and analyze the activation factors into facilitating and generating factors. As a result, the following factors were derived. First, in areas where social enterprises exist in existing communities, the higher the proportion of beneficiary of national basic livelihood, cooperatives, and intermediary organization, the more conditions for social enterprise activation are established. Second, in areas where social enterprises do not exist in existing communities, the lower the proportion of elderly and disabled people, the higher the proportion of beneficiary of national basic livelihood, and the higher the number of cooperatives and intermediary organization, the more likely it is that social enterprises can be activated. This study reveals that policy support tailored to each community's situation is important for social enterprise revitalization, and aims to contribute to the formation of social enterprise-related policies tailored to local conditions by distinguishing between facilitating and generating factors.
3B Taşınmaz Değerlemeye Yönelik Veri Standardı Eklentisi Geliştirilmesi
Authors: Güler Doğuş
Published: July 2024

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşılmasında etkili arazi yönetimi oldukça önemlidir. Bu anlamda arazi idaresinin etkin bir şekilde uygulanabilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bütüncül arazi idaresi yaklaşımındaki temel bileşenlerden birisi taşınmaz değerlemesidir. Değeri belirlerken çok sayıda faktörün dikkate alınması gerektiği göz önüne alındığında, günümüzde yapılı çevrenin karmaşıklaşmasıyla birlikte taşınmazların değerlemesi için iki boyutlu (2B) mekânsal verilerin yanı sıra üç boyutlu (3B) dijital modellerden faydalanılmasına yönelik giderek artan bir eğilim görülmektedir. 3B mekânsal verilerin üretilmesinde Açık Mekânsal Veri Konsorsiyumu (OGC) tarafından yayımlanan standartlar sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Arazi idaresi için ise Arazi İdaresi Alan Modeli (LADM) temel kavramsal modeli sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada da 3B şehir modellerinin oluşturulmasında yararlanılan CityJSON standardının taşınmaz değerleme uygulamalarında kullanılabilirliğini sağlamak amacıyla temel veri şeması LADM standardındaki değerleme bölümüne bağlı olarak genişletilmiştir. Yaklaşımın kullanılabilirliğinin gösterilmesi amacıyla üretilen eklentiye dayalı olarak veri seti üretilmiş, doğrulaması gerçekleştirilmiş ve 3B görselleştirmeler sunulmuştur. Sonuçların 3B taşınmaz değerleme bağlamında birlikte çalışabilir mekânsal veri setleri üretilmesine katkı vermesi beklenmektedir.
Promoting Science in Specific Learning Disabilities: Three Kinds of Challenges
Authors: Anastasiou Dimitris
Published: July 2024

The field of specific learning disabilities (SLDs) has faced three kinds of challenges. Constitutional challenges arise from classification and definitional complexities, identification issues, comorbidity, and ontological debates. Internal challenges include the inherent difficulties of scientific thinking that compete with intuitionism and confirmation bias, the lack of randomized controlled trials to evaluate interventions, the low rate of replication studies, publication bias, and the gap between research on evidence-based practices and implementation. External challenges include philosophical movements in academia, primarily social constructionism and cognitive relativism. They also encompass broader social trends such as neurological reductionism, educational fads, and political conformism. This article specifically focuses on the influence of cognitive relativism in the field of SLDs. Despite these challenges, the field has made incremental progress by committing itself to scientific inquiry. The fundamental purpose of research is truth-seeking, aiming to expand the knowledge base on how best to support students with SLDs. The development of cognitive theories of dyslexia illustrates the refining nature of scientific inquiry as it moves closer to the truth. Upholding rigorous scientific standards is crucial for the future development of the field, providing effective support and consistently enhancing educational outcomes for students with SLDs.
Safety evaluation of an extension of use of the food enzyme bacillolysin from the non‐genetically modified Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain AE‐NP
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), Lambré Claude , Barat Baviera José Manuel , Bolognesi Claudia , Cocconcelli Pier Sandro , Crebelli Riccardo , Gott David Michael , Grob Konrad , Lampi Evgenia , Mengelers Marcel , Mortensen Alicja , Rivière Gilles , Steffensen Inger‐Lise , Tlustos Christina , Van Loveren Henk , Vernis Laurence , Zorn Holger , Roos Yrjö , Cavanna Daniele , Liu Yi , di Piazza Giulio , Chesson Andrew
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The food enzyme bacillolysin (EC 3.4.24.28) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain AE‐NP by Amano Enzyme Inc. A safety evaluation of this food enzyme was made previously, in which EFSA concluded that this food enzyme did not give rise to safety concerns when used in thirteen food manufacturing processes. Subsequently, the applicant requested to extend its use to two additional processes. In this assessment, EFSA updated the safety evaluation of this food enzyme when used in a total of fifteen food manufacturing processes. As the food enzyme–total organic solids (TOS) are removed in two food manufacturing processes, the dietary exposure to the food enzyme–TOS was estimated only for the remaining thirteen processes. Dietary exposure was calculated to be up to 35.251 mg TOS/kg body weight per day in European populations. Based on the data provided for the previous evaluation and the revised dietary exposure in the present evaluation, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the revised intended conditions of use.
Safety evaluation of the food enzyme subtilisin from the non‐genetically modified Bacillus paralicheniformis strain AP‐01
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), Lambré Claude , Barat Baviera José Manuel , Bolognesi Claudia , Cocconcelli Pier Sandro , Crebelli Riccardo , Gott David Michael , Grob Konrad , Lampi Evgenia , Mengelers Marcel , Mortensen Alicja , Rivière Gilles , Steffensen Inger‐Lise , Tlustos Christina , Van Loveren Henk , Vernis Laurence , Zorn Holger , Roos Yrjö , Aguilera Jaime , Andryszkiewicz Magdalena , Cavanna Daniele , Peluso Silvia , de Sousa Rita Ferreira , Pesce Francesco , Liu Yi , Chesson Andrew
Published: July 2024

Abstract
The food enzyme subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.62) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Bacillus paralicheniformis strain AP‐01 by Nagase (Europa) GmbH. It was considered free from viable cells of the production organism. The food enzyme is intended to be used in five food manufacturing processes. Since residual amounts of food enzyme‐total organic solids (TOS) are removed in one process, dietary exposure was calculated only for the remaining four food manufacturing processes. It was estimated to be up to 0.875 mg TOS/kg body weight per day in European populations. The production strain of the food enzyme has the capacity to produce bacitracin and thus failed to meet the requirements of the Qualified Presumption of Safety approach. Bacitracin was detected in the industrial fermentation medium but not in the food enzyme itself. However, the limit of detection of the analytical method used for bacitracin was not sufficient to exclude the possible presence of bacitracin at a level representing a risk for the development of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. A search for the similarity of the amino acid sequence of the food enzyme to known allergens was made and twenty‐eight matches with respiratory allergens, one match with a contact allergen and two matches with food allergens (melon and pomegranate) were found. The Panel considered that the risk of allergic reactions upon dietary exposure to this food enzyme, particularly in individuals sensitised to melon or pomegranate, cannot be excluded, but would not exceed the risk of consuming melon or pomegranate. Based on the data provided, the Panel could not exclude the presence of bacitracin, a medically important antimicrobial, and consequently the safety of this food enzyme could not be established.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING BERBASIS GOOGLE MEET TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA PADA MATERI GERAK LURUS KELAS X SMA YAPIM TARUNA STABAT
Authors: Zahara Syarifa Rita , Anggraini Bunga , Syafrizal Syafrizal
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran daring berbasis google meet terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi gerak lurus kelas X SMA Yapim Taruna Stabat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimental design. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan agustus tahun 2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan teknik purposive sampling dimana siswa kelas X MIA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah siswa 20 orang dan siswa kelas X MIA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan jumlah siswa 20 orang. Kelas kontrol dengan perlakuan menggunakan google classroom dan group whatsapp sedangkan kelas eksperimen menggunakan google meet dan group whatsapp pada saat proses pembelajaran. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah nonequivalent control group desains. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan soal pilihan ganda. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney test. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai  rata-rata  post-test eksperimen yaitu 79,25 dan nilai rata-rata post-test kontrol yaitu 66. Besar uji non parametrik diperoleh hasil 0,000 < 0.05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan penerapan pembelajaran berbasis google meet dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa.
Termoelektrik Kriyo İğne
Authors: Ahıska Raşit , Ömer Günay , Bingöler Nurcan
Published: July 2024

Hücrelerin ve sinirlerin hipotermisine kriyo tedavisi denir. Kriyo uygulamaları, aşırı soğuğun canlıların biyolojik yapıları üzerindeki etkilerinden yararlanılarak geliştirilmiş teşhis ve tedavi yöntemleridir. Günümüzde aşırı soğuğun biyolojik sistemler üzerindeki iki farklı etkisi kullanılarak tanı ve tedavi amaçlı üç farklı kriyo uygulama yöntemi geliştirilmiş ve ortopedi, göğüs hastalıkları, dermatoloji, üroloji ve karaciğer metastaz cerrahisinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Buda dünyada hipotermi ve kriyo cihazların ve medikal soğutma sanayisinin gelişmesiyle mümkün olmuştur. Mevcut ve çok pahalı olan kriyo ürünlerinin tümü çevreyi kirleten ve bir çoğu yasaklanan gazlarla soğutma yakmaktadır. Bu medikal soğutma sanayinin ve biliminin çok büyük sorunu oluşturmamaktadır. Aynı zamanda bu bütün insanlığın sorunu olmaktadır. Bu temel sorunları çözmek için bir çok çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Burada tek kesin ve kalıcı çözüm çevre dostu, enerji ve su tasarruflu, ucuz ve pratik teknoloji ve ürünlerin üretimini sağlayan termoelektrik teknolojiler ve ürünlerdir. Termoelektrik teknolojilerin, cihaz ve sistemlerin çözmesi gereken kendine has problemlerin başında ise bu cihazları oluşturan modüllerin seçilmesi ve parametrelerin araştırılması gelmektedir. Bu analda dünyada bir çok teorik ve deneysel çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Burada bir termoelektrik modülün sadece parametrelerin ölçülmesi değil aynı zamanda bu parametrelerin ölçüm yöntemlerinin ve test cihazlarının araştırılması ve seçilmesi büyük öneme sahiptir. Çünkü klasik yöntemlerle çalışan test cihazları hassas olmayıp aşırı pahalı olmasıdır. Bu çalışmada bütün bu problemleri çözen ve Türkiye’de üretilen Türk patentli (Patent No:2020-22699, PCT/TR/2021/051301) yeni nesil termoelektrik kriyo iğne cihazın bütün termoelektrik parametreleri araştırıldı ve yeni bilimsel bulgular elde edildi. Bunun için yeni test yöntemleri ve teknolojileri kullanarak geliştirilen Termoelektrik Performans Analiz Sistemi (TEPAS) kullanıldı. TEPAS’la yapılan ölçümlerde cihazın parametreleri ΔTmax= 62,3oC, Imax = 6,23A, Vmax =19,22V, Emax = 3,52V, P= Imax Vmax = 120W olarak ölçülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar teorik sonuçlarıyla çok yakın olduğu görülmüştür.
RESEARCH FOR BUILDING INTELLIGENT DIGITAL CONTROL CONTAIN IN VIETNAM AND A MATHEMATICAL FORMULA TO CALCULATE THE CONVEYOR SYSTEM LENGTH
Authors: Le Hai Khanh Nguyen
Published: July 2024

This article investigates a novel approach to converting container seaports into digital transformations on old port platforms to maximize land area for production. This model is not only suitable for Vietnam but is also applicable to numerous container seaports worldwide, ranging from small to large, including those considered smart. According to VCCI (2022), digital technology can unlock the potential of seaports. Despite the information provided by VCCI indicating that the port system in Vietnam extends across the country, it has not received adequate investment in IT applications. Royal Haskoning DHV, a leading global technical consulting group in the fields of industry, seaports, maritime, and technical infrastructure, aims to steer Vietnam's seaports, including container seaports, towards a greener and smarter direction. The first step in this transformation is supply chain integration. According to their perspective, improvements in transport links promise to enhance efficiency and reduce congestion in the port area. Scheduled timings for trucks, setting timelines for loading and unloading goods, and the digitization of processes enable managers to interact with the supply chain in real-time. Valdés Figueroa & Pérez (2020) suggests that the future of logistics digitization involves a shift from individual developments to logistics intelligence, in the article titled “Digital transformation in Latin American and Caribbean logistics”. In terms of technology, planning layers, industry guidelines, and the foundation of programs, plans, and projects must be appropriately anchored at higher political levels. This alignment will enable the synchronization of industry rules and regulations with the logistics landscape, promoting the digitization of processes to reduce inefficiencies, cost overruns, and negative externalities. This, in turn, enhances productivity and competitiveness, fostering economic growth and social inclusion among populations both now and in the future.The study introduces a new idea for efficiently incorporating digital technology into the reform of container seaports, making them smarter and stimulating production. This, in turn, contributes to the economic growth of the region and the country as a whole.
Harnessing the Potential of Storytelling on Social Media: A Game-Changer for Halal Tourism Marketing Strategies
Authors: Setiawan Harry Setiawan , Afifah Nur , Mustaruddin Mustaruddin
Published: July 2024

This study aims to investigate the role of storytelling on social media as a moderating variable in the relationship between Muslim tourists' emotional experiences and their intention to revisit halal tourism destinations. With the growing Muslim population and increasing purchasing power, the halal tourism industry has significant growth potential. However, to capitalize on this potential, a better understanding of the factors influencing Muslim tourists' experiences and behavior is needed. Using a quantitative approach and structural equation modeling, this research examines the impact of storytelling on social media on the relationships between halal destination attributes, halal-friendly services, emotional experiences, and revisit intentions. The analysis results demonstrate that storytelling on social media significantly moderates the relationship between emotional experiences and revisit intentions, strengthening the influence of emotional experiences on post-visit behavioral intentions. These findings contribute to the advancement of tourism marketing and consumer behavior theories, as well as provide practical implications for the halal tourism industry in designing effective marketing strategies through social media storytelling.
The Effect of Coffee Bean Particle Size and Citric Acid Concentration on the Caffeine Content of Arabica Ground Coffee
Authors: Kalaswari Sita , Yulistiani Ratna , Jariyah Jariyah
Published: July 2024

Arabica coffee is a coffee commodity that is widely found in Indonesia because it is considered superior in terms of taste. Arabica coffee contains various biochemical compounds, one of which is caffeine, which is known to overcome drowsiness and reduce physical fatigue. However, caffeine use can also lead to negative side effects, such as anxiety, increased blood pressure, and decreased fine motor skills. This study addresses the public demand for lower caffeine coffee to minimize these side effects. The research focuses on reducing caffeine levels by examining coffee bean size and solvent concentration during decaffeination. . The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern with two factors and two replications. The first factor was coffee bean particle size (4 mesh, 6 mesh, and 8 mesh) and the second factor was maceration process with citric acid solution concentration (1%, 3%, and 5%). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Varience (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that the treatment of 8 mesh coffee bean size with 5% citric acid solution concentration produced the best caffeine content (1.324 mg/g). In addition, the characteristic values of moisture content (3.436%), ash content (2.065%), and phenol content (29.472 mg GAE/g), were obtained. And organoleptic test results with attributes of fragrant-very fragrant aroma (3.55), blackish-brown-black color (3.65), and bitter-very bitter taste (3.5).
Pustulosis exantemática generalizada aguda de presentación atípica: un reporte de caso
Authors: Gomez Martinez Lina , Arenas-Aya Dayana , Morales-Naranjo Samuel , Montoya-Agudelo Fernando
Published: July 2024

La pustulosis exantemática generalizada aguda (PEGA) es una reacción adversa cutánea severa, que típicamente se manifiesta con la aparición de múltiples pústulas puntiformes no foliculares, menores a 5 mm, estériles, que se presentan sobre una base eritematoedematosa y pueden ser diseminadas. Hasta en el 90% de los casos se asocia con la administración de medicamentos. Suele resolver en menos de 15 días con buen pronóstico. Se describe el caso de un paciente masculino de 31 años que cursó con PEGA de origen medicamentoso con compromiso multisistémico. Sin embargo, al inicio del cuadro cursó con lesiones purpúricas en piel y afectación de mucosa oral, lo que llevó a considerar otros diagnósticos diferenciales. La evolución clínica con formación de pústulas, y los hallazgos histopatológicos, condujeron al diagnóstico de PEGA. Recibió tratamiento convencional de soporte, corticoesteroide tópico y sistémico con evolución clínica favorable. Este caso expone una de las presentaciones atípicas de la PEGA y la posibilidad de superposición con otras reacciones adversas medicamentosas lo que hace necesaria su identificación para un abordaje y manejo oportuno y preciso.
Enfermedad de Rosai-Dorfman
Authors: Muñoz-Herrera Erika Patricia , Jiménez-Berástegui Emil , Ruiz-Restrepo Juan David
Published: July 2024

Se trata de un trastorno proliferativo histiocítico, raro y generalmente benigno que afecta principalmente los ganglios linfáticos cervicales, sin embargo, puede tener afectación de la piel en el 10% de los casos, se asocia a síntomas sistémicos inespecíficos y a alteración en algunos paraclínicos. Se ha descrito una forma cutánea sin síntomas o compromiso sistémico la cual se muestra en este caso. Su etiología es desconocida, aunque se han propuesto varias teorías. Típicamente compromete el rostro y el tronco, se manifiesta como pápulas, placas o nódulos de color marrón rojizo a amarillo, asintomáticas. Esta entidad tiene un curso crónico, no hay un tratamiento específico, este debe individualizar según la gravedad y extensión de las lesiones y en muchos casos se propone la vigilancia clínica.
Distance psychotherapy aimed at modifying cognitive biases in attention and interpretation.
Authors: Melekhin A.I. ,   Associate Professor, clinical psychologist of the highest qualification category,   Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2024

The article presents the theoretical foundations of distance cognitive behavioral therapy (c-CBT) along with therapy aimed at modifying cognitive bias both from attention and action (CBM). Based on recent meta-analyses, the effectiveness of these forms of remote psychotherapy for depression, anxiety spectrum disorders and alcohol abuse are evaluated. Based on a review of several foreign studies until 2022, there is an extensive evidence base for the effectiveness of the remote form of CBT for depression, anxiety and alcohol-related disorders, however, due to therapeutic barriers, the cognitive-behavioral profile of patients, "standard" protocols are not enough to maintain the effectiveness of treatment. In this regard, it is recommended to focus on the specifics of the socio-cognitive processes of the patient (forms of displacement or shifts), in the perception of oneself, others, the situation and on the development of forms of flexible (multi-perspective) attribution, behavioral modification of cognitive shifts (not only beliefs) aimed at both attention, interpretation of incoming information and actions. It is shown that this tactic leads to large-scale changes due to the combined additive and interactive psychotherapeutic effects.
Commentary: Early-in-life Isoflurane Exposure Alters Resting-state Functional connectivity in Juvenile Non-human Primates
Authors: Neudecker Viola , Perez-Zoghbi Jose F. , Brambrink Ansgar M.
Published: July 2024

The concern about anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity (AIDN) in infants and young children arises from animal studies indicating potential long-term neurobehavioral impairments following early-in-life anesthesia exposure. While initial clinical studies provided ambiguous results, recent prospective assessments in children indicate associations between early-in-life anesthesia exposure and later behavioral alterations. Ethical constraints and confounding factors in clinical studies pose challenges in establishing a direct causal link and in investigating its mechanisms. This commentary on a recent study in non-human primates (NHPs) focuses on exploring the role of neuroinflammation and alterations in brain functional connectivity in the behavioral impairments following early-in-life anesthesia exposure. In juvenile NHPs, chronic astrogliosis in the amygdala correlates with alterations in functional connectivity between this area with other regions of the brain and with the behavioral impairments, suggesting a potential mechanism for AIDN. Despite acknowledging the study's limitations, these findings emphasize the need for further research with larger cohorts to confirm these associations and to establish a causal link between the neuroinflammation and the behavioral alterations associated with early-in-life anesthesia exposure.
Intraoperative Supra-Ventricular Tachycardia Revealing Intermittent Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: Safiani Mehdi Oudrhiri , Fernaoui Nora , Chaieri Ahlam , El Awab El Mehdi , Moussaoui Rachid , El Hijri Ahmed , Azzouzzi Abderrahim
Published: July 2024

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW) is a congenital cardiac anomaly characterized by the presence of an accessory atrioventricular cardiac bundle called the Kent Bundle. Discovered by Wolf, Parkinson, and White, this condition can result in recurrent, sometimes fatal tachyarrhythmias. WPW is relatively rare, affecting approximately 0.1% to 0.3% of the general population. Its diagnosis relies on electrocardiography. Its management depends on the clinical presentation of each patient, varying in accordance with the severity of symptoms. It can range from vagal maneuvers and first-line anti-arrhythmic drugs to radiofrequency ablation in refractory cases. In this report, we present the case of a 40-year-old man undergoing surgery to remove a urachal cyst. During the intraoperative period, supra-ventricular tachycardia emerged, revealing a previously undiagnosed intermittent WPW syndrome.
Cabernet Franc (Vitis vinifera L.) üzüm çeşidinin yaprak alanı özellikleri üzerine eğimdeki konum, farklı anaç ve salkım seyreltme uygulamalarının etkisi
Authors: Korkutal İlknur , Bahar Elman , Koskosoğlu Batuhan
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırma iki farklı anaca aşılanmış olan Cabernet Franc üzüm çeşidinin; eğimdeki konum ve salkım seyreltme uygulamalarına bağlı olarak yaprak su potansiyeli değişimleri ve yaprak özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla iki yıl süresince yürütülmüştür.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada Tekirdağ-Şarköy ilçesi Ch Kalpak Vineyards’da bitkisel materyal olarak Cabernet Franc üzüm çeşidi; anaç olarak da Fercal ve 140 Ru anaçları kullanılmıştır. Dikim aralığı 2.1 m X 1.0 m ve asmaların gövde yüksekliği 70 cm’dir. Asmalar duvar sisteminde, tek kollu Kordon Royat terbiye şeklindedir. Parselin dikim yönü K-G olup, 309-327 m arası rakımda ve %18 eğime sahiptir. Bölünmüş Parsellerde Faktöriyel Deneme Deseninde kurulmuş olan araştırmadan alınan veriler JMP istatistik programı ile değerlendirilmiş ve varyans analizinden sonra LSD testi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Araştırmada yaprak su potansiyelleri ölçülmüş ve yaprak alan özellikleriyle birlikte verim değerlendirilmiştir.
Sonuç: Cabernet Franc çeşidinde; YSP ölçümlerinin yapılması, su ihtiyacının belirlenmesi ve anaç, konum ve ürün yükü gibi faktörlere göre sulama yapılması, salkım seyreltme uygulamasının gereksinime göre yapılması ve verimin 800 kg da-1 altına düşürülmemesi önerilmiştir.
Orta Kelkit Havzası bağcılığının iklim indeksleri ile değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Sümbül Ahmet
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bağ tesisinde çeşit seçimini etkileyen en önemli faktör bölgenin iklimidir. Bu çalışma, Orta Kelkit Havzası (Suşehri, Akıncılar ve Şebinkarahisar) bağcılığının durumunu iklim indeksleri ile incelemek ve bölgeye uygun çeşit önerisinde bulunabilmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışma alanına ait 2021 ve 2022 yılları sıcaklık ve yağış verileri çalışmanın materyalini oluşturmuştur. İklim verileri Sivas Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğünden temin edilmiştir. İklim indeksi olarak Winkler indeksi (Wİ), Huglin indeksi (Hİ), Hidrotermik indeks (HDİ), büyüme mevsimi sıcaklığı indeksi (BMSİ), soğuk gece indeksi (SGİ), ve büyüme mevsimi yağış indeksi (BMYİ) kullanılmıştır. Sıcaklık verisi, Winkler indeksi, Huglin indeksi, soğuk gece indeksi ve büyüme mevsimi sıcaklığı indeksi hesaplamasında kullanılırken yağış verisi, büyüme mevsimi yağış indeksinin hesaplanmasında kullanılmıştır. Hidrotermik indeks hesaplamasında ise hem sıcaklık hemde yağış verisi kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Bölgenin iklim indeksi verileri yıllara ve ilçelere göre değişiklik göstermiştir. İklim indekslerinin bölge ortalaması incelendiğinde Winkler indeksinin 1855.30 gün derece (gd), Huglin indeksinin 2959.99, Hidrotermik indeksin 2063.05, büyüme mevsimi sıcaklığının 16.67 ºC, soğuk gece indeksinin 3.92 ºC ve büyüme mevsimi yağış indeksinin ise 154.33 mm olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları bölgenin birçoğu üzüm çeşidi için uygun iklime sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bölgede yetişen üzümlerin ikincil metabolitlerin özellikle renk ve aroma açısından avantajlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bölge külleme ve mildiyö gibi mantar hastalıklarına karşı risksiz bir bölgedir.
Farkı azot kaynaklarının brokkolide agro-morfolojik özellikler Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Ekbiç Ercan , Köse Gülhan
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma farklı N kaynaklarının brokkolide agro-morfolojik özellikler üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Deneme tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlı olarak kurulmuş ve her parselde 18 bitki bulundurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada bitkisel materyal olarak Monet, Karadede ve İtalyan brokkoli çeşitlerinin tohumları ile azot kaynağı olarak amonyum sülfat (%21 N) ve kalsiyum nitrat (%15 N) gübreleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bitki boyu (cm), gövde çapı (mm), yaprak sayısı (adet), ana taç ağırlığı (g), ana ve ikincil taç uzunluğu (cm), ana ve ikincil taç çapı (mm), ilk hasat süresi (gün), yaprak eni-uzunluğu (cm), yaprak sap uzunluğu (cm) ile yaprak taze ve kuru ağırlığı (g) özellikleri incelenmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Çalışmada bitki boyunun 20.9 cm ile en yüksek İtalyan çeşidinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bitki gövde çapı 21.7 mm ile İtalyan çeşidinde ayrıca 21.5 mm ile NH4 kaynaklı azotlu gübre uygulamasında önemli bulunmuştur. Ortalama ana taç ağırlığı 42.5 g ile en yüksek amonyum uygulanan azotlu gübrelemede, çeşit olarak ise 40.4 g ile İtalyan çeşidinde değerlerin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çeşit x N interaksiyonun da amonyum kaynaklı azot uygulanan İtalyan çeşidinin 46.4 g ile en yüksek değeri verdiği belirlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde incelenen özelliklerden ortalama ana taç uzunluğu da amonyum kaynaklı azot uygulamasında 98.8 mm ve İtalyan çeşidinde 101.1 mm ile en yüksek değeri vermiştir. En yüksek ortalama ana taç çapı değerleri (76.5 mm) İtalyan çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. NH4 kaynaklı azot uygulanan parsellerden NO3 kaynaklı N uygulanan parsellere göre daha yüksek taç çapı değerler elde edilmiştir (sırasıyla 73.9 ve 66.9 mm).
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda Ordu ili kapsamında brokkoli yetiştiriciliğinde azot kaynağı olarak amonyum sülfat gübresinin tercih edilmesinin uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Rize’nin Fındıklı İlçesinde Yetişen Yerel Armut Çeşitlerinin Pomolojik ve Morfolojik Özellikleri*
Authors: Haberal Eyüp , Kalkışım Özgün , Aydın Mehmet Zahit
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırma Rize’nin Fındıklı ilçesinde yetiştirilen yerel armut çeşitlerinin fenolojik, pomolojik ve morfolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Fındıklı ilçesine bağlı mahalle ve köyler gezilerek, üreticilerle mülakatlar yapılmış ve 15 farklı yerel armut çeşidi belirlenmiştir. Bu çeşitlerin seçiminde meyvelerin irilik, renk ve şekil gibi kalite kriterleri, ön seleksiyon kriteri olarak dikkate alınmıştır. Bu şekilde belirlenmiş olan yerel armut çeşitlerine ait ağaçlardan ölçüm ve analizler yapılmak üzere 15’er adet meyve ve yaprak örneği alınmıştır. Alınan örneklerde pomolojik ve morfolojik özelliklerden; meyve ağırlığı, meyve eni, meyve boyu, meyve eti sertliği, suda çözünebilir kuru madde içeriği, pH, titre edilebilir asitlik içeriği, yaprak eni, yaprak boyu, yaprak sap kalınlığı ve sap uzunluğu belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Meyve ağırlıklarının 23.60-169.90 g, meyve enlerinin 39.09-64.81 mm, meyve boylarının 35.52-79.51 mm, meyve eti sertliklerinin 2.40- 5.94 kg/cm2, suda çözünür kuru madde miktarlarının %9.14-14.00, pH değerlerinin 3.53-4.99, titre edilebilir asitlik miktarlarının % 1.17-% 10.64 ve yaprak eni, boyu, sap uzunluğunun sırasıyla 39.24-75.06 mm, 57.77-99.41 mm ve 34.27-90.44 mm arasında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Yapılan fenolojik gözlemlerden ilk çiçeklenmenin 23 Mart- 3 Nisan tarihleri arasında, en erken ve en geç meyve hasat olumunun sırasıyla 30 Haziran ve 22 Ekim tarihlerinde gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Değerlendirmeler neticesinde, yazlık olarak Eğrisap armudu; güzlük olarak Haçaçur, Kavun ve Yağ armutları; Kışlık olarak ise Süleyman ve limon yerel armut çeşitleri ön plana çıkmıştır.
Assessment of Agronomic Traits and Essential Oil Yield in Various Local Mint (Mentha piperita L.) Genotypes
Authors: Saka Andaç Kutay , Uğur Adnan , Açıkgöz Muhammed Akif
Published: July 2024

Objective: Mentha piperita L. has long been used in medicine, pharmaceutical industry, food and cosmetic industries due to the bioactive compounds it contains. This study was carried out to determine some agronomic characteristics and essential oil yield of mint genotypes collected from different regions of Ordu province.
Materials and Methods: A total of 44 different genotypes collected from 16 different districts of Ordu province were used in the study. Rooted mint cuttings were grown in unheated plastic greenhouse in balcony type plastic pots. Mint plants were harvested in 3 different periods and shoot length, leaf width, leaf length, colour characteristics, leaf chlorophyll index, total yield and essential oil yield were determined. Principal component analyses were performed using the data obtained from these traits. Unweighted pair group method algorithm (UPGMA) clustering analysis was performed using Euclidean similarity distance and dendrograms of genotypes were formed.
Results: At the end of the study, plant length was 12.2-60.6 cm, leaf width 0.8-4.3 cm, leaf length 1.2-9.8 cm, leaf chlorophyll index 4.75-47.8 cci (SPAD), essential oil yield 0.45-2.9% and total yield 0.1-4.2 t da-1 in mint genotypes. As a result of the principal component analysis, the eigenvalues of the first 4 principal component axes were found to be greater than 1. The first 3 axes have high variation percentage compared to other axes. Mint genotypes were divided into 2 main groups and 4 subgroups in the UPGMA dendrogram. While G12 and G33 were the closest mint genotypes, G10 and G11 were found to be genetically distant genotypes.
Conclusion: In the study, genotypes that exhibit potential in terms of total yield and essential oil yield have been identified. As a result of the research, agronomic characteristics and essential oil ratios of different mint genotypes were determined and qualified genotypes that can be material for future breeding studies were determined.
Commodification: Rural Tourism Development in Traditional Village of Nagari Sijunjung
Authors: Ermayanti  , Indrizal Edi , Irwandi Ade , Erwin  , Hairul Anwar
Published: July 2024

This paper shows the commodification process that occurs in Kampung Adat Sijunjung to support the development of rural tourism. The commodification process can be seen in the use of Rumah Gadang as a homestay place for guests. Rumah Gadang for the Minangkabau people is not just a place to live but a space and cultural symbol. So that if it is used as a homestay it will cause a dilemma, on the one hand Rumah Gadang needs to be maintained as a distinctive Minangkabau cultural monument and on the other hand the tourism aspect can have an economic impact on the people of Sijunjung. The dualism of Rumah Gadang as a cultural product and tourism product is what results in commodification to develop tourism in rural areas. The method used was thorough observation of Rumah Gadang and interviewing 15 residents and Ninik Mamak (traditional ruler) as members of the tribe that owns Rumah Gadang. In addition, Rumah Gadang continues to function as a place and space for social and cultural activities of the Sijunjung community. So that the values and norms that exist in Rumah Gadang as a symbol of Minangkabau culture continue to run and through homestays, the Sijunjung community can obtain additional economic benefits from the tourism sector.
Social Network Analysis in #PialaKemenpora: A Dinamics of Social System
Authors: Harjo Indhar Wahyu Wira , Mahendra Rizky Adha
Published: July 2024

The suspension of sports competitions due to the Covid-19 pandemic has elicited mixed reactions from the public. On one hand, some individuals have expressed their support for the decision, while others have expressed theiropposition. This study aimed to examine the impact of the suspension on social networks, specifically the changes that occurred within themThe suspension of sports competitions due to Covid-19 has elicited mixed reactions from the public. This study aimed to examine the impact of the suspension on social networks, focusing on the changes that occurred within them. Specifically, the research analyzed the adjustments within the social network system that arose from the Piala Kemenpora (Menpora Cup) hashtag on Twitter (X). Academic research must explore changes in the social system, particularly the standing of key players and the nature of conversations in constantly evolving social networks. Using a qualitative research method and network analysis approach, data were collected during the Piala Kemenpora football competitions. The findings revealed a shift in the dominant actor throughout the competition, emphasizing the dynamic nature of competition and the importance of adapting to changing circumstances. Various actors, including mass media, competition organizers, football players, and politicians, took turns as the dominant actors, conveying distinct messages based on their respective interests, both supporting and criticizing the first football competition held in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. The diverse range of dominant actors in the first football competition held in Indonesia during the pandemic underscores the importance of adaptability and resilience in responding to changing circumstances in any competitive environment. The dominant actors' messages and the prevalent content of the social networks demonstrated the dynamics of the social systems based on the communication process of the connected actors.
A Comprehensive Review: Corporate social responsibility, government and civil society
Authors: Ali Basyah Nazaruddin
Published: July 2024

This article explores the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the roles played by governments and civil society in shaping and encouraging CSR. The article begins by examining how CSR is related to specific patterns of business–government–civil society relations. Two basic models are explored: the dichotomous view that suggests CSR and government are mutually exclusive, and the view that CSR is the relationship between market actors and governments. The article also investigates recent changes in business–government–civil society relations, which have contributed to the growth and development of CSR. Finally, the article examines the ways in which governments have promoted CSR and how responsible public and private policies are interconnected. The article highlights the fact that the relationship between business, government, and civil society has a significant impact on the scope and nature of CSR.