bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated risk factors of malaria among febrile under-five children visiting health facilities in Ziquala district, Northeast Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Debash Habtu , Bisetegn Habtye , Ebrahim Hussen , Feleke Daniel Getacher , Gedefie Alemu , Tilahun Mihret , Shibabaw Agumas , Ebrahim Endris , Fiseha Mesfin , Abeje Getu
Published: October 2022

Background

Malaria is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among under five children in developing countries. Ethiopia has set targets for controlling and eliminating malaria through at-risk group interventions. However, the disease remains a serious public health concern in endemic areas like in Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine malaria prevalence, risk factors and parasite density among under five children in Ziquala district.

Method

A facility—based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ziquala hospital, and Tsitsika, Mishra and Hamusit health centers in Ziquala district, Northeast Ethiopia, from January 2022 to April 2022. The study enrolled a total of 633 under five children using a systematic sampling technique. A capillary blood sample was collected from each child to prepared thin and thick blood smears. Smears were then stained with 10% Giemsa and examined under light microscope. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect on socio-demographic data, parental/caregiver knowledge, and malaria determining factors. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with malaria.

Result

The overall prevalence of malaria among children visiting Ziquala district health institutions was 24.6% (156/633). Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 57.1%, 38.5%, and 4.5% of the cases, respectively. Regarding to parasite load, moderate parasitemia was the most common, followed by low and high parasitemia with the proportion of 53.8%, 31.4% and 14.7% parasite density, respectively. Malaria infection was linked to irregular utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets (AOR = 5.042; 95% CI: 2.321–10.949), staying outside at night (AOR = 2.109; 95% CI: 1.066–4.173), and parents not receiving malaria health education in the past six months (AOR = 4.858; 95% CI: 2.371–9.956).

Conclusion

Malaria was prevalent among children under the age of five enrolled in the study. The local government should focus on regular insecticide treated net utilization, reducing the risk of mosquito bites while sleeping outdoors at night and increasing public understanding of malaria prevention and control through health education would also help to minimize the burden of malaria.
Platforms, people and politics: The challenges for public service media in Ireland
Authors: Raats Tim , Donders Karen , Ramsey Phil
Published: October 2022

This article assesses the viability of RTÉ, Ireland’s main public service media (PSM) organization, as an institution and media organization against the backdrop of the largest challenges affecting PSM today. It questions the extent (1) the presence of global platforms, (2) shifting media use and (3) (continued) government support have affected the programming, structure and legitimacy of the Irish public broadcaster. The analytical framework that serves as the basis for our analysis combines a media policy and political economy approach with cultural-sociological analysis. Using expert interviews and document analysis, we show that many of the challenges of RTÉ are generalizable in a European context and a wider international context. We argue that while the government may not be directly undermining RTÉ, its funding position may become so eroded that it would no longer be able to deliver what one of our interviewees describes as a ‘BBC-sized mission in a small jurisdiction’.
Peran self control sebagai mediasi literasi keuangan dan kesejahteraan keuangan wanita karir
Authors: Arilia Rizki Ayu , Lestari Wiwik
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of financial literacy, income level, and lifestyle on career women well-being.   This study also tested self-control as mediation variable. By using purposive sampling technique, there are 228 respondents who meet the characteristics of career women who financially independent, living in the five big cities in East Java. All respondents filled an online survey, which is contained valid and reliable instrument. The test was done by partial least squares (PLS).  The results indicate that financial literacy has no significant effect on financial well-being, income level has a positive and significant effect on financial well-being, lifestyle has a significant negative effect on financial well-being and self-control mediates the effect of financial literacy on financial well-being. This result implies that literacy it self cannot affect on well being otherwise increase self control that in turn can support the intention to reach of higher level of well-being.
Pengaruh kepemilikan keluarga terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan biaya keagenan sebagai variabel moderasi
Authors: Saputra Bayu Swastika , Muazaroh Muazaroh , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: October 2022

Family ownership still dominates the companies’ ownership structure in Indonesia. However, family ownership can also have a positive or negative impact on the company’s performance the previous studies related to the impact of family ownership on the company’s performance provides different results. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of family ownership on the company’s performance with agency cost as a moderating variable. It took the sample of 13 manufacturing companies in the industrial and consumption sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 periods. They were taken using a purposive sampling method. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions. The results showed that family ownership has a positive effect on the company’s performance, which means the greater the percentage of family ownership, the better the company's performance. It also showed that agency cost did not moderate the effect of family ownership on company performance. It can be implied that family ownership has a strong motivation to supervise company management to improve company performance.
Factors affecting purchase decision by applying green marketing campaign
Authors: Pidada Ida Ayu Iswari , Purnama Sari Desak Made Febri , Indah Parwati Ni Putu Sinta Febiola
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of green brand image, green price, and brand prestige on purchasing decisions for AQUA Returnable Glass Bottle products. This is a quantitative study with the population of casual dining restaurant customers in Badung Regency. They have decided to purchase and consume AQUA Returnable Glass Bottle products. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires and Likert scale. The sample was taken by using a purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The result showed that partially green brand image, green price, and brand prestige have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, green brand image, green price, and brand prestige have a significant effect on purchasing decisions. The research implication for AQUA is that it is recommended to be able to maintain the image it already has while still applying green marketing as a tool to support product-purchasing decisions. For further research, the researchers should add other variables and indicators such as green products, green advertising, lifestyle, and social influence.
PENGARUH VITAMIN C PADA PAKAN KOMERSIL DAN KEPADATAN IKAN TERHADAP KELULUSHIDUPAN SERTA PERTUMBUHAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Komalasari Sarah Sekar , Subandiyono Subandiyono , Hastuti Sri
Published: October 2022

Saat ini pembudidaya perlu untuk terus meningkatkan padat tebar ikan. Namun, Padat tebar yang tinggi menyebabkan ikan mudah stress. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi stress adalah dengan penambahan vitamin Catau asam askorbat dalam pakan. Vitamin ini dibutuhkan dalam proses metabolisme tubuh untuk membantu mengurangi stressor dan dapat memacu pada pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh vitamin C dan kepadatan ikan terhadap kelulushdupan serta pertumbuhan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah benih nila (O. niloticus) dengan bobot tubuh rata-rata sebesar 0,72±0,05 g/ekor. Metode yang di gunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan ordo 2x2. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian vitamin C sebesar 100 mg/kg pakan (C1) dan vitamin C 150 mg/kg pakan (C2). Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah kepadatan ikan sebanyak 1 ekor/l (K1) dan 3 ekor/l (K2), masing-masing perlakuan di ulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi laju pertumbuhan relatif (RGRw), pertumbuhan panjang relatif (RGRL), efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan (EPP), tingkat konsumsi pakan harian (TKP), rasio efisiensi protein (PER), glukosa darah dan kelulushidupan (SR). Berdasarkan pada hasil yang telah diperoleh diketahui bahwa penambahan vitamin C dan kepadatan yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap nilai RGRL dan nilai PER akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) pada nilai SR dengan nilai tertinggi pada masing-masing variabel yaitu pada penambahan vitamin C sebesar 150 mg/kg dengan kepadatan sebanyak 1 ekor/l.  Kualitas air selama pemeliharaan masih dalam kisaran yang layak untuk budidaya ikan nila (O. niloticus). Penambahan vitamin C dan kepadatan ikan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan nila serta mempengaruhi nilai RGRL, RGRW, PER, EPP, TKP dan glukosa darah akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh pada SR.
ANALISA KELAYAKAN USAHA BUDIDAYA POLIKULTUR UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) DAN IKAN KOI (Cyprinus carpio) DI DESA BANGSRI, KABUPATEN BREBES
Authors: Luthfi Mohammad Zaenuddin , Rejeki Sri , Elfitasari Tita
Published: October 2022

Kegiatan budidaya udang windu menjadi kegiatan budidaya yang banyak digemari masyarakat di daerah pesisir. Salah satunya penerapan budidaya polikultur dengan kultivan udang windu dan ikan koi. Produksi udangwindu mengalami peningkatan sejak tahun 2010 hingga 2015. Ikan koi merupakan salah satu ikan hias yang cukup potensial dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Habitat ikan koi yaitu di daerah beriklim sedang dan hidup padadaerah perairan tawar, akan tetapi ikan koi masih dapat hidup pada air dengan salinitas 10 ppt. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode studi kasus. Sampel penelitian dipilih secara sengaja (purposive)karena alasan-alasan tertentu yang disesuaikan dengan tujuan penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan diantaranya analisis aspek teknis budidaya yang meliputi pemilihan lokasi, luas lahan, persiapan lahan, penebaran benih, pakan dan pemberian pakan, pengelolaan air, pemanenan dan pemasaran. Analisis aspek ekonomi yang meliputi, biaya, penerimaan, dan pendapatan. Analisis kelayakan usaha yang meliputi, Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio).  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aspek teknis yang diterapkan pada usaha budidaya polikultur udang windu dan ikan koi diantaranya menggunakan metode budidaya semi intensif. Kegiatan teknis budidaya yang dilakukan diantaranya pemilihan lokasi, persiapan lahan, penebaran benih, pemberian pakan, dan pemanenan.  Pemasaran yang digunakan untuk udang windu adalah melalui tengkulak dan pedagang lalu ke konsumen sedangkan pemasaran ikan koi adalah melalui PT. CP Prima selaku mitra kerjasama. Aspek ekonomi yang dianalisa diantaranya modal usaha sebesar Rp. 436.536.000,00/tahun biaya tetap sebesar Rp. 5.627.200,00/tahun, biaya operasional sebesar Rp. 105.080.000,00/tahun, pendapatan sebesar Rp. 271.725.000/tahun dan keuntungan dari usaha budidaya sebesar Rp. 182.621.000/tahun Hasil perhitungan analisa kelayakan usaha diantaranya nilai PP sebesar 2,61 tahun, nilai NPV Rp. 1.193.499.681, nilai B/C Ratio sebesar 1,90 dan nilai IRR sebesar 68%.
The dramatist’s dimensions in tackling child labour in Nigeria: the exemplar of Faith Ken-Aminipko’s Say no to child abuse
Authors: Azunwo Eziwho Emenike , Sopuruchi Emmanuella Omaga
Published: October 2022

It has been observed over the years that child labour has been a trending phenomenon in our society. It has also been noticed that poverty has driven a lot of parents and guidance to painfully force their children into early work. And this has caused a lot of hazards in our society especially Nigeria. It is on this note that this paper explains the reasons why children are forced to work, the effects of child labour upon our society, the causes of child labour, policies that have been made by government to impede it, types of child labour and how Nigerian Dramatist perceive the issue through their works. Lewis’ “Culture of poverty theory” and Stouffer’s “Relative deprivation theory” provide this paper with fibre and framework to interrogate the subject matter and provide the critical consciousness and promoting change of attitude. This research has its root in educating the minds of the people, enlightening the society on the dangers of child labour and creatively proffering solutions. Hence, the thrust of this research is to educate people on the danger of child labour and creating the desired awareness on the issue of child labour and the effects on our society. This paper adopts qualitative method of research since it will be engaged in much textual analysis. Following the methodology, this study summarises a finding which states that the prevalence of child labour in Nigeria is largely an internal problem with poverty, ignorance and bad government as leading causes. To this end, this study draws conclusion that the government, parents, institutions and the general public should cooperate in the best manner to put an end to child labour practice or reduce it to a bearable state. Further suggestions arouse at the end of this study.
The Origin of Slavery and The Incidence of The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in Oguta, Nigeria
Authors: Okoroafor Stanley I.
Published: October 2022

Studies in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade have received a lot of patronage. Such contributions have been made mainly exteriorly without adequate coverage (detailed) of the interior concerns of same. Here, the research has been focused on one of the numerous local narratives dealing with the very sourcing and underpinning of what can be judged the pivot of the trade within. Oguta was first opened up as an inland port at the advent of the present occupiers of the beautiful land around Oguta Lake which links to the Niger through the creeks on the plains and the Atlantic, same as the Urashi River. The local trade arising from the agrarian economy of the place and the attendant commercial and social activities had gradually developed into something beyond the ordinary and had triggered a chain reaction that cascaded into various dimensions. The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade had just begun and coincided with this latest development in Oguta. But it added to the existing commerce, the nefarious and inhuman trade on humans; for humans were the main stock of the international dealing. The organizers and paddlers at the global level made it so alluring that many took the bait, swallowing it with the hook, line and sinker. The experience in Oguta is one of such particularly with regard to the origin local with the narrative begging for proper historicisation as is attempted below with the sole objective of projecting love as the missing link that is necessary for progressive and meaningful living.
Feminine Voyeurism in Ghana Films: Unmasking Frank Raja Arase’s Chauvinist Directorial Techniques
Authors: Okwuowulu Charles
Published: October 2022

There has been constant resonance of feminine image misrepresentation in most narratives since the (re)invention of video films across African continent. In spite of the binary struggle between the (presumed) chauvinist filmmakers and their feminists counterparts, muscularity always (re)emerge in new trends to dominate femininity. Consequently, there seems a paradigm shift on the (mis)representation of women which (re)enforces Laural Mulvey’s sexual voyeuristic objectification of feminine gender as reflected in near-nude costumes as well as sexual scenes that adorn most Ghana screens. This paper examines Frank Raja Arase’s selected films that are randomly sampled to foreground these voyeuristic imprints.
Supporting boys and girls with Down syndrome
Authors: Hazard Zachery , Pierson Melinda R.
Published: October 2022

This paper will address students who have the diagnosis of Down syndrome. It will encompass the overall understanding of what a child with Down syndrome experiences in and outside of the classroom, as well as some of the physical characteristics that can manifest as a result of a genetic mutation resulting in the diagnosis of Down syndrome.
Self-identification in the context of original concept of feminine type of personality in contemporary photography #widurskiwoman
Authors: Widurski Paweł , Gierczyk Marcin
Published: October 2022

For a long time, recalling the broadest spectrum of art, including literature, painting, sculpture and all works created in the field of artistic creation, there was a connection that defined (in the context of cultural capital) human existence on the social, physical and spiritual level. Nowadays, feminist circles draw attention to the influence and significance of the way of portraying women and men in post-modernity, fighting against stereotypical patterns of gender roles. The concept of #widurskiwoman photography is a representation of women subject to expressive emancipation, aware of their sensuality, illustrating at the same time the perfection of the human body, where the essential features and values presented in them are hidden under the daily ritual of applying the often-undefined mask.
Sensory processing disorders in women or why a lady cannot be a lady
Authors: Stefanów Agnieszka
Published: October 2022

Why my daughter does not like it when I am braiding her hair? Why does she not want to put on a dress again, in which she looks so beautiful? Instead of acting like a little lady, she runs, bumps into people, falls, ruining her tights and a new skirt? Why is my daughter not like my friend’s daughter? Mothers of girls who have problems with sensory processing often ask the above questions. They would like their daughters to have the resemblance of little ladies. This article will discuss the issues in sensory processing disorders in girls and women that affect the way they function, and the way other people perceive them. In this article, “lady” will be understood as a woman who is refined, polite, and well-spoken.
Prologue. La littérature : arme bouclier et canon
Authors: Richard Élisabeth
Published: October 2022

If literature crosses the ages, the sudden irruption of a socio-political context of war makes certain texts particularly resonant and exposes the vital necessity of literature to transcend the trials of time.
Compétences clés des futurs enseignants de FLE : l’apport des textes littéraires choisis
Authors: Bakešová Václava
Published: October 2022

Understanding of literary texts and cultural knowledge acquisition are not the only objectives of French or Francophone literature courses that are part of the university program for future FFL teachers. Reading excerpts of literary texts allows students to develop their key skills, especially their cultural awareness and expression, but also their ability to communicate in a foreign language which is the fundamental goal of language teaching. This study presents an example of pedagogical mediation during which various skill sets (global, professional, key, etc.) are being developed through a number of selected lite­rary texts. Pedagogical mediation is understood as a thoughtful process during which students develop the self-awareness in the role of foreign-language and foreign-culture mediator by acquiring the skills necessary for their personal and professional growth, using the full potential of literary texts. At the same time, by deepening the receptive language skills, reading of texts develops also the productive language skills, i.e. speaking and writing, and to the awareness of students’ didactic thinking. Students’ lesson plans show the level at which they are at the moment on their professional skills development path.
Les micro-récits de Delerm pour un nourrissage culturel effectif en classe de FLE
Authors: Martinez Christine
Published: October 2022

The article proposes to study the impact of Delerm’s micro-stories in the FL classroom from a cultural perspective. These literary materials create opportunities for spontaneous dialogue and sharing that enrich the individual and common cultural reservoir and lexical repertoire of the learners. This study shows that micro-stories are significantly easier to introduce into the academic curriculum than whole books, without too much effort on the part of the teacher and the learner, but with a very satisfactory result for both sides. A focused definition of the term culture is presented at the beginning to set the framework for the study. This is followed by Delerm’s literalism, i.e., we tried to hone the learners’ skills in reading and understanding a simple text so they would be able to (re)use the acquired information in academic, professional, or personal life. Then, the exploitation of micro-stories in the FL classroom is presented with multiple explanations and, finally, our concluding remarks close this contribution.
Aortic waveform responses to insulin in late versus early chronotype with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Remchak Mary‐Margaret E. , Heiston Emily M. , Ballantyne Anna , Dotson Brielle L. , Malin Steven K.
Published: October 2022

Late chronotype (LC) correlates with reduced metabolic insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular disease. It is unclear if insulin action on aortic waveforms and inflammation is altered in LC versus early chronotype (EC). Adults with metabolic syndrome (n = 39, MetS) were classified as either EC (Morning‐Eveningness Questionnaire [MEQ] = 63.5 ± 1.2) or LC (MEQ = 45.5 ± 1.3). A 120 min euglycemic clamp (40 mU/m2/min, 90 mg/dL) with indirect calorimetry was used to determine metabolic insulin sensitivity (glucose infusion rate [GIR]) and nonoxidative glucose disposal (NOGD). Aortic waveforms via applanation tonometry and inflammation by blood biochemistries were assessed at 0 and 120 min of the clamp. LC had higher fat‐free mass and lower VO2max, GIR, and NOGD (between groups, all p ≤ 0.05) than EC. Despite no difference in 0 min waveforms, both groups had insulin‐stimulated elevations in pulse pressure amplification with reduced AIx75 and augmentation pressure (AP; time effect, p ≤ 0.05). However, EC had decreased forward pressure (Pf; interaction effect, p = 0.007) with insulin versus rises in LC. Although LC had higher tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α; group effect, p ≤ 0.01) than EC, both LC and EC had insulin‐stimulated increases in TNF‐α and decreases in hs‐CRP (time effect, both p ≤ 0.01). Higher MEQ scores related to greater insulin‐stimulated reductions in AP (r = −0.42, p = 0.016) and Pf (r = −0.41, p = 0.02). VO2max correlated with insulin‐mediated reductions in AIx75 (r = −0.56, p < 0.01) and AP (r = −0.49, p < 0.01). NOGD related to decreased AP (r = −0.44, p = 0.03) and Pf (r = −0.43, p = 0.04) during insulin infusion. LC was depicted by blunted forward pressure waveform responses to insulin and higher TNF‐α in MetS. More work is needed to assess endothelial function across chronotypes.
Implementation of cascaded H-bridge DC-link inverter for marine electric propulsion drives
Authors: Rao Sulake Nagaraja , Varanasi Praveen Kumar , Anisetty Suresh Kumar , Manjunatha Budagavi Matam
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a single-phase seven level Cascaded H-Bridge DC-Link (CHBDCL) inverter for marine electric propulsion drives. The speed of propulsion drive can be changed by CHBDCL inverter by converting DC output from the rectifier to variable output voltage with or without change in frequency. The proposed CHBDCL inverter generates more output voltage with minimum harmonic content than classical Multilevel Inverters (MLIs). The CHBDCL inverter necessitates only ‘m + 3’ power devices for ‘m’ number of levels, although the classical MLIs requires ‘(2m − 1)’ power devices. CHBDCL inverter can have the effective performance by utilizing unipolar Sine Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and unipolar Space Vector PWM (SVPWM) with sine carrier. The effectiveness of the proposed CHBDCL inverter topology has been verified by using MATLAB/SIMULINK for various modulation indices in terms of voltage levels and harmonic analysis. Furthermore, an experimental setup involving pulse generation from a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has been used to test the performance of the proposed CHBDCL inverter.
Urban black and odorous water body mapping from Gaofen-2 images
Authors: Ying Yang , Xianchuang Fan , Chao Zhou , Shihong Wu , Dongchang Li , Gang Xu , Guangtao Li , Liyan Ge
Published: October 2022

Remote sensing technology has shown its irreplaceable advantages in the identification of urban black and odorous water body. However, the universality of the remote sensing recognition algorithm for the black and odorous water body is not clear in different regions. Thus, two typical cities, Shenyang and Nanjing, were selected from northern and southern China as the study areas. Four forms of recognition models of the black and odorous water body are built based on Gaofen-2 images, including the single-band model, difference model, ratio model, and water quality parameter model. Combined with the remote sensing interpretation marks of black and odorous water body, the recognition precision of black and odorous water body is analyzed by the methods of the confusion matrix and Kappa coefficient. The results show that the overall accuracy of the normalized difference black-odorous water index (NDBWI) model is higher than 80% in the northern and southern cities of China, with good consistency of spatial distribution. The accuracy of the black and odorous water index model and G model is higher than 75% only in the special areas of Nanjing or Shenyang. The accuracy of other models is generally low. Research show that the NDBWI model has better universality in the identification of urban black and odorous water body, and it is suitable for promotion and application. The remote sensing interpretation marks of black and odorous water body have shown a good auxiliary identification function. The research provides a technical foundation for large-scale and rapid identification of urban black and odorous water body.
Screening of four accelerated synthesized techniques in green fabrication of ZnO nanoparticles using Willow leaf extract
Authors: Esmaili Sahar , Zinsaz Paniz , Ahmadi Omid , Najian Yahya , Vaghari Hamideh , Jafarizadeh-Malmiri Hoda
Published: October 2022

Using hydro-alcoholic extract of Willow leaf, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized via four accelerated different heating methods namely, Bain-Marie heating (40 °C for 2 h), Conventional heating with stirrer (80 °C for 2 h), hydrothermal autoclave (1.5 atm and 121 °C for 15 min) and microwave irradiation (800 W and 160 °C for 3 min). Calcination process was finally completed on the obtained colloidal solutions in a furnace (350 °C for 2 h). The characteristics of the resulted ZnO NPs including particle size, grain size, crystallinity, specific surface area, morphology, photocatalytic, antioxidant bactericidal activities were estimated using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy techniques. Attained results indicated that among four different utilized synthetic methods, the fabricated ZnO NPs via Bain-Marie heating, had desired physico-chemical characteristics and bactericidal effect including small particle size (70 nm), high specific area (284 m2/gr), antioxidant activity (28.5%), photocatalytic activity (degradation of 50% of Methylene Blue), and bactericidal effects against Escherichia coli (clear zone diameter of 1.4 ± 0.1 cm) and Staphylococcus aureus (1.3 ± 0.1 cm).
Választói magatartás elméletek: a szavazói viselkedés kiismerésének alapjai
Authors: Eszter Galgóczi , Balázs Vető
Published: October 2022

A politikai közvélemény-kutatások egyik leggyakoribb célja egy-egy választás várható eredményének előrejelzése. Ebben hol többé, hol kevésbé sikeresek a kutatók. Mindenképpen szükséges ezért végig gondolni, mire is van szükség a választói viselkedés megértéséhez, felméréséhez, mi befolyásolhatja azt, hogy valaki szavaz-e és ha igen, hogyan. Ennek a megismerésnek az igénye egyidős bármiféle szavazás intézményével. Az idők során számtalan elmélet és vizsgálat próbálta feltárni ezt.  Jelen tanulmányban azokat az elméleteket tekintjük át, amelyek az egyént közvetlenül érő, nem politikai rendszerbeli hatásokat vizsgálták. Azt a feladatot vállaltuk, hogy feltérképezzük az elmúlt száz év választói magatartás elméleteit, hét fő terület alapján: a gyermekkori-fiatalkori szocializáció, a társadalmi környezet, a gazdasági megfontolás, az állampolgári kötelesség, beleszólás, a média, a személyes félelmek és a közvéleménykutatások. Kiindulópontként és elméleti összegzésként kezeljük jelen írást, amely nem arra szolgál, hogy tökéletes magyarázatot adjon a választók viselkedésére. Hanem arra, hogy átgondolandó kérdéseket tegyen fel azzal kapcsolatban, hogy mit érdemes vizsgálni mélyebben ahhoz, hogy megértsük a választók döntéseit.
A bevándorlók rendkívüli legalizálása Dél-Amerikában a Covid-19 pandémia idején
Authors: Thomázy Gabriella
Published: October 2022

A bevándorlók rendkívüli legalizálása számos ország bevándorlási politikájában megjelenik, ahogy újabban a dél-amerikai országoknál is előfordul. Ezeknek a programoknak a célja, rövid idő alatt nagyszámú migráns legalizálása. A Covid-19 pandémia alatt a határok hosszú ideig zárva maradtak, a hatóságoknak komoly kihívást jelentett a bevándorlók munkanélkülisége mellett az irreguláris migránsok növekvő száma (tartózkodásra jogosító vízumok lejárta, okmányokkal nem rendelkező bevándorlók). A tanulmány célja hat dél-amerikai ország rendkívüli legalizálási programjának az elemzése és összehasonlítása. A kutatás elsősorban a venezuelai migráció által érintett országokra fókuszál (Chile, Kolumbia, Ecuador és Peru), valamint két másik (Argentína és Brazília) ország is kiválasztásra került a régióban. Az elsődleges források, valamint a rendelkezésre álló statisztikák és egyéb adatok lehetővé teszik a legalizációs programok, a migrációs tendenciák elemzését a Covid-19 pandémia idején, valamint a jövőbeli szcenáriókra vonatkozó javaslatok megfogalmazását.
A Visegrádi Csoport országainak földgázpolitikai áttekintése
Authors: Virág Török
Published: October 2022

Kutatásom aktualitásait a vizsgált államok új stratégiai dokumentumai és a 2019 decemberében megjelent európai uniós Green Deal kezdeményezéscsomag (és annak végrehajtása) jelentették. A publikációban áttekintem a négy állam biztonságpercepcióját általánosságban összegző nemzeti biztonsági stratégiákat – különös tekintettel azok energetikai fókuszára –, majd olyan mérhető mutatókat összegzek, melyek áttekinthetővé és összehasonlíthatóvá teszik a V4 államokat energiapolitikai tekintetben. Ugyancsak szeretném kiemelni majd azokat az energetikai sajátosságokat, melyek a V4-ek energiamixét és szakpolitikáját egyedivé teszik a témában. Mindezek alapján bemutatom azokat a nemzeti szakpolitikai irányokat, melyek az egyes államok egyedi földgázpolitikai sajátosságait figyelembe véve igyekeznek teljesíteni az EU sztenderd környezetpolitikai célkitűzéseit. A vizsgált államok energetikai törekvéseit a legkönnyebben a következő három tényezővel írhatjuk le: az ellátás biztonságának garantálása, a piaci versenyképesség javítása, környezeti fenntarthatóság elérése.
ETHNOGRAPHIC CERAMICS FROM BANKIM (ADAMAWA, CAMEROON / WEST CENTRAL AFRICA): MINERALOGICAL AND THERMAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Luz Epossi Ntah Zoila , Ossima Anselme , Richard Mache Jacques
Published: October 2022

The study investigates mineralogical characteristics and thermal threshold at successive steps of Tikar pottery production chaine-operatoire from Bankim (Adamawa, Cameroon). It is a pilot study relying on X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DSC/TG) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The ceramics were collected in the drying and firing stages of the production chain. The work aimed to estimate the drying and firing temperature of the studied pottery sherds. Due to the mineralogical change occurring during the drying or pre-firing and firing stages, the correlation between the three analytical methods suggested that the pre-firing temperature were below 450°C whereas the firing temperature was between 650-800°C in a simple bonfire.
EL LITORAL ATLÁNTICO URUGUAYO: SÍNTESIS ARQUEOLÓGICA Y APUNTES PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN
Authors: Villarmarzo Eugenia
Published: October 2022

El presente ensayo hace un compendio de las investigaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en la región atlántica del departamento de Rocha en Uruguay. En especial describe el repertorio de tipo de sitios identificados desde la década de 1970 y posteriormente en finales de 1990 y primera década de 2000. Presenta también un listado de los fechados obtenidos en los distintos tipos de sitios. A la par de algunas de estas investigaciones, comenzaron a llevarse a cabo relevamiento de estado de conservación de los sitios, con identificación de avanzado riesgo de algunos de estos bienes. Esto plantea la necesidad de establecer nuevas estrategias de abordaje que contemplen la actualización normativa, metodologías acordes y la participación de todos los actores implicados en la conservación y puesta en valor.
“DISCORRENDO POR TODOS AQUELES SERTÕES”: ALIANÇAS, GUERRAS E CONFLITOS NA FRONTEIRA DA CAPITANIA DO PIAUÍ E MARANHÃO NA SEGUNDA METADE DO SÉCULO XVIII
Authors: Lima da Silva Esmeralda
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo busca discutir a relação entre a expansão das fazendas de gado na região oriental do Estado do Maranhão e Pará que, em princípios do século XVIII, congregava as capitanias do Maranhão e Piauí, concomitante com os inúmeros conflitos com os grupos indígenas que desarticulavam a ocupação portuguesa em direção ao leste maranhense.  Sendo assim, trata-se de descortinar os inúmeros conflitos travados entre indígenas e não indígenas que levam a destruição de inúmeros engenhos e currais desde o distrito de Parnaguá (capitania do Piauí) a região das Aldeias Altas (capitania do Maranhão). Sendo assim, iremos apontar os grupos indígenas que protagonizaram esses movimentos, com ênfase na análise das negociações e as dinâmicas das redes de alianças construídas e os interesses dos diversos grupos e agentes envolvidos nesse processo. Nesta perspectiva buscaremos destacar por meio da análise de uma documentação variada existente no Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, como regimentos de tropas de guerra, cartas régias e correspondências diversas ações de diferentes grupos indígenas e suas estratégias no que diz respeito à definição de complexas redes de alianças no Maranhão colonial.
THE SEQUENCE OF AMAZON PREHISTORY: A METHODOLOGY FOR ETHICAL SCIENCE
Authors: Curtenius Roosevelt Anna
Published: October 2022

This article is about my research on the prehistory of the mainstream lower Amazon in Brazil and problems in research ethics there.  The "New Archaeology", my dissertation in the Orinoco, Venezuela, and my museum job led me rethink the human occupation of the tropical forest.  I was influenced by 19th century naturalists' research on Amazon archaeology.  They recognized an occupation that began thousands of years ago with hunters who made projectile points and monumental rock art and early fishing villagers with pottery and culminated by the time of the European conquest in populous civilizations with mounds and elaborately decorated pottery vessels and figures. But in the mid-twentieth-century, "scientific" archaeologists decided that the sequence had been short and derivative, impeded by the hot, humid tropical forest.  They ignored the early cultures and attributed Amazonian cultures to intrusions from the Andes.  When radiometric dating contradicted their chronology, they suppressed the problematic dates and when other North Americans came to do research they tried to prevent their excavation permits and criticized them with false statements about their own teams' results.  Thus, they involved Brazilian proteges in unethical practices and prevented their rediscovery of the sequence of the 19th century naturalists.
IMPACT OF REGULATIONS ON CONSTRUCTION LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Sujani M.A.Y. , Rahman R.A. , Mohd Zainudin N.
Published: October 2022

Labour productivity in the construction industry has significantly declined. Therefore, there is a need to assess construction labour productivity in the present day. Regulation is known as one of the factors that may directly affect productivity. This study aims to find the impact of different regulations on construction labour productivity. Data were collected through individual interview sessions with twelve (12) construction industry practitioners from contractor, consultant and client stakeholders to achieve that objective. Then, the collected data were analysed using the thematic analysis technique. The results show that regulations can positively and negatively impact construction labour productivity from four aspects: time, cost, processes and human resources. Furthermore, several types of challenges can emerge due to regulations: time constraints, bureaucracy, management, human resources demand, professionalism and etiquette. This study contributes to the construction body of knowledge by exploring the impact of regulations on construction labour productivity. Industry practitioners and policymakers can use this study as a reference to maximise construction labour productivity.
QUALITY AND QUALITY STANDARDS IN CONSTRUCTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Azmy N. , Wei L.W.
Published: October 2022

One of the customers’ satisfactory elements identified in construction is quality, since the construction industry shifted from production-orientated management to customer-orientated management. However, several issues are identified as a hindrance to achieve overall quality and can be caused by low-quality construction materials and non-compliance to the standards. Therefore, before any further strategies to improve the quality of construction are determined, it is crucial to establish the fundamental knowledge on quality and its relevant applicable aspects in the construction industry. Hence, this paper seeks the definition of quality and quality standards by using the systematic review based on six-level of procedures. Based on the sources gathered, quality can be defined as the foreseeable degree of standardisation and reliability with quality standard suitable to the client’spreference and approval, whereas quality standards is defined as to offer a reference in ensuring all construction activities comply to the adequate specifications set by the authorised bodies. The definitions found provide practical implications for future work related to quality and project specification.
ASSESSMENT ON TRAFFIC NOISE POLLUTION AND TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS AT DIFFERENT TYPE OF TRAFFIC FLOW FACILITIES
Authors: Ismail A. , Razelan I.S.M. , Yusof L.M.
Published: October 2022

Traffic noise pollution has become a worldwide issue and has been in the rise due to the rapid development in the transportation system. This paper provides an insight into the assessments of traffic noise pollution and the traffic characteristics at different type of traffic flow facilities (interrupted and uninterrupted). To achieve this study, traffic characteristic parameters (traffic volume, travel mean speed and heavy vehicles compositions) were determined alongside the noise indices of A-weighted equivalent continuous noise level at both types of flow facilities. The findings revealed that traffic noise level at uninterrupted flow facilities was relatively higher than interrupted flow, with a differences about 10 dBA. It is also found that composition of heavy vehicles was the most significant (p<0.05) to the noise level. This study provides understanding on the influences of traffic characteristics at different type of flow facilities towards traffic noise level.
DERIVATION OF ROAD CONDITION INDEX USING RQLASSIC FOR JALAN SUNGAI BARU, PERAK, AND JALAN SEBALIK, SELANGOR
Authors: Zaini N.N.N. , Abidin N.S.M. , Zulkiple A.
Published: October 2022

Access roads are being constructed to facilitate accessibility of local communities, and these roads are the common features in a road network that are often not maintained well and eventually becoming substandard in term of the quality, although they still function as access roads. Therefore, considering the benefits of road, it is essential that the relative quality to be prioritised through effective maintenance programme can be discovered through simple and do able Road Condition Index study called Road Quality (RQLASSIC) by CIDB. For the study, two access roads, namely Jalan Sungai Baru in Perak and Jalan Sebalik in Selangor had been chosen. The roads were divided into 10 equal sections throughout a selected 1 km section, and type of defects were sampled and the results were evaluated as per RQLLASIC procedures. The study found that both sample road sections were in poor RCI of 47% for Sungai Baru and 59% for Jalan Sebalik. Both sample roads worst RCI were the roadside drains at 6.3% and 12%, respectively. Budget for maintenance was determined based on the RCI for the consideration of the relevant authorities.
VARIATION OF LIGHT ATTENUATION OF SEAGRASS HABITAT IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA FROM SATELLITE-BASED ESTIMATION
Authors: Misbari S. , Hashim M.
Published: October 2022

Light deprivation into the water column depends on the water clarity. Seagrass habitat is sparsely identified along the coastal area of Peninsular Malaysia.Seagrass density is affected by the amount of attenuated light into the water column, as light is essentially used for the growing process. Water along the west coast is more turbid than the south and east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.Blue spectral band (450 nm−510 nm) of Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite image that has strong penetrative power and red band (640 nm−670 nm) that is sensitive to subtle changes on seafloor features are useful to estimate variability of light penetration. A set of sampling points for both spectral bands was plotted with coastal depth.It is found that the east coast has 25% higher light penetration compared to south and west coastal regions. This condition is favourable for seagrass habitat. However, low light in deeper sea bottom and strong waves from South China Sea are among limitations imposed by east coast seagrass meadows to constantly survive.
Before the Constitution
Authors: Yoho James
Published: October 2022

The movement for American independence from Great Britain was closely associated with interest group activity, and cannot wholly be understood without reference to the phenomenon. This association is documented with reference to a consistent definition of "interest group." Lesser known is the role that interest groups played in the movement to adopt a new constitution. Still, this paper argues, the growth of interest group activity during this era seemingly would have happened, although perhaps to a lesser extent, even without these movements.
Censorship of the Internet
Authors: Fitzpatrick Gerard. J.
Published: October 2022

Computer technology is changing faster than the laws governing it, raising the question of whether laws formuluted to address conflicts arising in the "real world" are applicable to conflicts in "cyberspace." This question is particularly relevant to the debate over sexually explicit material on the Internet. This article argues that because the Supreme Court's current approach to the obscenity is not transferable to cyberspace, a different legal framework is necessary for dealing with" cybersmut. "
Pennsylvania Women's Campaign Communication
Authors: Greco Larson Stephanie
Published: October 2022

This paper examines campaign communication of women who ran for the Pennsylvania State Assembly in 1996. The statements made in their campaign brochures were content analyzed to see if messages in thiis medium were similar to those identified in the literature about female candidates' television advertising. Specifically the issues, traits, and attacks mentioned in the brochures were examined. Differences between incumbents and challengers, winners and losers, and Democrats, Republicans, and Independents were also examined.
Labor Unions and American Elections
Authors: Beachler Donald W.
Published: October 2022

In 2000, labor unions attempted to enhance their political influence by increasing voter turnout among union members in support of Al Gore. This strategy was thought to be especially effective in a polity where voter participation is so low. Labor's political efforts helped Gore to a popular vote victory, but the union political strategy failed because of the dynamics of the Electoral College and low union density in many regions of the United States.
The Five-Year Effect of NAFTA on Pennsylvania
Authors: Kengor Paul G. , Phinney R. C.
Published: October 2022

This article explores the effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Pennsylvania since the agreement's enactment on January 1, 1994. It does so by examining export statistics related to Pennsylvania as a whole as well as to several key regions within the state. As judged by these export statistics, NAFTA's impact on Pennsylvania has been quite positive. At the very least, increases in exports from Pennsylvania since NAFTA's enactment have been so strong that critics of the agreement will be hard-pressed in making a case against it.
Thomas Aquinas and the Overlapping Consensus
Authors: DiLeo Daniel
Published: October 2022

John Rawls claims that the belief that there is but one reasonable and rational conception of "the good" is incompatible with political liberalism. A close examination of the thought of Thomas Aquinas, however, reveals that commitment to a particular conception of "the good" need not imply a rejection of liberalism. In fact, Aquinas' notion of political virtue anticipates Rawls' overlapping consensus. In addition, a thorough exploration of Aquinas' work indicates that, for the most part, he accepts the underlying assumptions that William Galston finds at the core of political liberalism.
Joint Readiness Center - Pittsburgh
Authors: Huber George A. , Campbell David R. , Dorman Keith G. , McIntosh Leigh A.
Published: October 2022

No abstract
The Unlikely Election and Service of John Inscho Mitchell, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania, 1881-1887
Authors: White David R.
Published: October 2022

John Inscho Mitchell was a little known progressive Pennsylvania politician who represented the State in the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate between 1877 and 1887. His reluctance to continue serving in Washington after four years in the House did not prevent the Pennsylvania legislature from appointing him to the U.S. Senate in 1881 as a compromise candidate on the thirty-fifth ballot.