bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourist Satisfaction Analysis Based on SEM Model – A case study of Hunza Valley
Authors: HAROON MUHAMMAD
Published: February 2024

With the development of Pakistan's tourism industry, many ecologically protected areas have experienced varying degrees of tourist-driven exploitative development, but there exists both a mutually beneficial relationship and contradictions between ecological protection and tourism development. This paper focuses on the Hunza Valley in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan.Byconductingon-site survey questionnairesalong with SEM model analysis, the study found that the ecological tourism development in Hunza Valley has a significant impact on overall tourist satisfaction, followed by tourism infrastructure, management quality and services. The study also reveals that the transportation conditions in the area do not have a significantly impact on tourist satisfaction, and tourist satisfaction determines the repeat visitation rate. In conclusion, this research suggests that ecological tourism plays a positively significant role in the development of the tourism industry. Areas like the Hunza Valley, which primarily rely on ecological resources, should prioritize the enrichment of communication and display methods for ecological tourism, strengthen the level of tourism services and product offerings, and thus achieve the coordinated development of conservation and development under the premise of protection.
Impactos de la situación social de América Latina sobre la familia y la educación: Interrogantes y búsquedas.
Authors: Kliksberg Bernardo
Published: February 2024

La evolución de la situación social de la región ha generado fuerte preocupación en amplios sectores. Diversos organismos internacionales, entre ellos las Naciones Unidas y el BID, han llamado la atención sobre alarmantes indicadores de déficits sociales. La Iglesia, a través de sus máximas autoridades, ha hecho repetidos llamamientos a dar la máxima prioridad a las graves dificultades que experimentan extensos grupos de la población. La ciudadanía ha indicado, por diversas vías, que considera que sus problemas de mayor gravedad se hallan en el área social. Así interrogada sobre cuáles estima que son los problemas más importantes, una muestra de casi 15.000 personas, representativa de 14 países de la región (LatinBarómetro, 1998), indicó como tales: desocupación (21%), a la que se suma inestabilidad en el empleo (6%), educación (18%), bajos salarios (8%), pobreza (7%), corrupción (7%). Todos los problemas priorizados son sociales. A ellos se agrega el de las prácticas corruptas.
Sexualidade e Identidade na Historiografia Brasileira dos anos vinte e trinta
Authors: Rago Margareth
Published: February 2024

A preocupação em "inventar o Brasil", isto é, em descobrir as supostas raízes históricas do país, contidas na linha de continuidade dos eventos históricos, unindo presente e passado, encadeando os processos sociais, políticos e culturais marcou o horizonte de muitos intelectuais brasileiros, entre os anos vinte e trinta Envolvidos com a tarefa de determinar futuros possíveis, de encontrar as formas de superação dos obstáculos ao desenvolvimento social e econômico, perguntaram-se pelos traços que marcaram a cultura nacional, pelas características essenciais do "povo brasileiro", pelo passado que o havia constituído como tal. "Que país é este?" foi a questão a que procuraram responder em termos das interpretações das origens históricas do Brasil, da colonização à contemporaneidade. "Que país queremos que seja?" tem sido a pergunta colocada desde então, retomada em sucessivas ocasiões, inclusive agora, na era da globalização, em que se desfazem as antigas referências nacionais.
Gender and Sexuality in Latin America. PETE SIGAL: A special issue of Hispanic American Historical Review 81: 3-4 (August-November 2001).
Authors: Sigal Pete
Published: February 2024

The Hispanic American Historical Review’s special issue on gender and sexuality is one of the most theoretically informed and methodologically diverse of any issue of the journal in recent memory. The editors are to be commended for putting together a collection of superb essays which truly represents the diversity of this rapidly changing and expanding field of scholarship. There is a preliminary historiographical article, four articles on Chile, two on Mexico, and a final article on the historiography and intellectual history of Latin American homosexuality. Three articles are historiographical, two are institutional histories (one of a Chilean welfare agency and the other of a Mexican insane asylum), one is a political history of anarchist groups, another is a social/cultural history of Chilean agrarian laborers, and one more is a microhistory of a famous Mexican criminal case. All of the authors make excellent use of their sources, as they have been influenced by recent movements which seek to analyze gender encoded meanings in all history.
Ciencia en la periferia de la periferia: hacia la formación de colegios virtuales
Authors: Hodara Joseph
Published: February 2024

La distinción analítica entre “centro” y “periferia” propuesta por Shils (1975) se ha revelado en el curso del tiempo como una de las más fértiles en la indagación de diferentes temas, como la concentración y la dispersión del poder, los incentivos del desarrollo industrial y urbano (Hobsbawn 1995), los vínculos asimétricos en el panorama internacional (Hodara 1987) y, lo que aquí particularmente interesa, la formación de focos de excelencia científica que difunden normas y paradigmas de investigación a sectores donde esta actividad no ha cristalizado en formas institucionalizadas sostenibles ni en logros distintivos (Rose - Rose 1976; Díaz, Texera, Vessuri 1984).
A questão nacional, a identidade cultural e o passado colonial brasileiro: Manoel Bomfim e uma interpretação do significado das raízes ibéricas
Authors: Prado Maria Emilia
Published: February 2024

Ao longo dos primeiros cinquenta anos que sucederam à independência realizada em 1822, o pensamento político brasileiro foi marcado pelo eclectismo: versão francesa do liberalismo conservador inglês que se ajustava, perfeitamente, à realidade de um império que se pretendia estruturar segundo o modelo político liberal, mas que estava assente numa base social, política e económica que não guardava vínculos com o modelo liberal. Os intelectuais preocupavam-se em apresentar projectos e propostas destinadas a possibilitar a construção de um país dotado de instituições políticas liberais. Num país cuja actividade económica estava centrada no trabalho escravo, a questão da liberdade individual (questão central no modelo anglo-saxão) não constituía tema de debate, salvo excepções,Homens como Pimenta Bueno (marquês de São Vicente), autor de Direito Público Brasileiro, publicado em 1857; Bernardo Pereira de Vasconcelos, um dos principais nomes do partido conservador; Justiniano José da Rocha, autor de Acção, Reacção e Transacção (1855) e, já na segunda metade do século XIX, Paulino José Soares de Sousa, visconde do Uruguai e autor do clássico Ensaio sobre o Direito Administrativo, e ainda o romancista José de Alencar, não faziam qualquer restrição ao exercício da liberdade, a não ser quando esta dificultava os interesses da comunidade. Esses interesses estavam condicionados pelas possibilidades.
The Impact of Norms in International Society: The Latin American Experience, 1881-2001. ARIE M. KACOWICZ, Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2005.
Authors: Sheinin David
Published: February 2024

In this analysis of security norms in Latin America, Arie M. Kacowicz considers eleven case studies beginning chronologically with the Misiones arbitration (Argentina-Brazil, 1858-1898) and the Tacna-Arica settlement (Chile-Peru, 1883-1929) and finishing with the Argentina-Brazil nuclear cooperation agreement (post-1979) and the Contadora/Esquipulas accord (Central American states, post-1984).
Jorge Carreño' s Graphic Satire and the Politics of "Presidentialism" in Mexico during the 1960s
Authors: Zolov Eric
Published: February 2024

This essay explores the graphic artwork of the renown yet little studied caricaturist, Jorge Carreño and the significance of his illustrations for the influential Mexican news magazine, Siempre! during the turbulent 1960s. “At its peak,” writes visual historian John Mraz, “Siempre! was probably the best magazine in the Americas.” It was also a moment of critical juncture for Mexico, as the authoritarian practices of a modernizing state conflicted with the democratic aspirations of civil society, on one hand, and the radicalism of the Cuban revolution helped to crystallize the contours of a polarizing debate concerning the future of Mexico’s own revolution process, on the other. From its founding in the early 1950s, Siempre! had played an important role in testing the boundaries of “presidentialism,” the unwritten rules of media censorship that defined the parameters of acceptable impropriety and that formed the substratum of the ruling party’s political hegemony. Carreño’s cover graphics for Siempre!, which appeared virtually without interruption on a weekly basis starting in 1961, were done in a phantasmagoric aesthetic that generated images full of interpretative ambiguity, thus contributing to the further erosion of presidentialism. Nevertheless, by mirroring the regime’s official ideological stances—for example, an expressed solidarity with Cuba—both Siempre! and Carreño helped to sustain the ruling party’s legitimacy as the defender of Mexican nationalism, while also forging new spaces for critical discourse and democratic questioning. By the end of the 1960s Siempre! was thus both a part of the political establishment and yet, as Jorge Volpi argues, “had become an indispensable element for the democratization of the country.
Marxism and the Revision of Argentine History in the 1960s
Authors: Goebel Michael
Published: February 2024

It is a commonly held opinion that whereas in Europe the Left has refrained from embracing the pursuit of a grand “national” destiny among its principal objectives, the opposite is true for most of the developing world. This also goes for Latin America. As Jorge Castañeda has argued in his widely read book about the Latin American Left, south of the Río Grande the overwhelming hegemony of the northern neighbour encouraged the Left to adopt a nationalist stance, aimed at generating a national consciousness that would lead to liberation from the imperialist yoke. According to Castañeda, the Left “has first normatively identified the ‘people’ and the ‘nation’. […] It has then bemoaned the fact that the ‘nation’ has not belonged to the people.&rdquoWhilst, arguably, such a trend can be most easily diagnosed in Central America and the Caribbean ?that is in areas where US hegemony was most tangible? it was forcefully present in Argentina, too. Especially in the wake of the Cuban Revolution, many Argentine left-wing intellectuals espoused anti-imperialism and national liberation as principal tenets and portrayed Argentina as yet another oppressed semi-colonial nation; a state of affairs which in their view should be overcome by Latin American and wider Third World solidarity.
Contentious Republicans. Popular Politics, Race, and Class in Nineteenth-Century Colombia. JAMES E. SANDERS, Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2004.
Authors: Paz Gustavo L.
Published: February 2024

Contentious Republicans constituye una sólida contribución a la ya vasta producción historiográfica sobre la participación política de los sectores populares en América Latina del siglo XIX. Sanders dialoga con sus predecesores y contemporáneos en este campo tan fructífero de la investigación histórica y de la reflexión teórica, ubicándose en una postura intermedia entre los aportes del marxismo cultural de inspiración gramsciana y la escuela de estudios de la subalternidad. Su objetivo es trazar la historia social de la convulsionada política colombiana en las décadas centrales del siglo XIX.
Igniting the Caribbean's Past: Fire in British West Indian History. BONHAM C. RICHARDSON, Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
Authors: Satchell Veront M.
Published: February 2024

Fire is inextricably bound up with the development of human society. The use and abuse of this source of energy, fire, has served extremely important functions in the socio-economic, political and religious life of a people. These include: the clearing of land for settlement and agricultural plots for food production, the development of transport, the provision of light and warmth, the engendering /fostering of social gatherings. Fire also served for the destruction of conquered cities; for example, when conquering the Native American civilisations, the Europeans burnt not just the cities, but everything that they conceived as pagan.
Juan Atilio Bramuglia: bajo la sombra del Líder. La segunda línea de liderazgo peronista. RAANAN REIN, Buenos Aires: Ediciones Lumière S.A., 2006.
Authors: Girbal-Blacha Noemí M.
Published: February 2024

Raanan Rein presenta en este libro una mirada heterogénea y compleja sobre el peronismo. La obra continúa otras referidas al elenco peronista, que se editaran en 1998 y, con Rosalie Sitman, en 2005, cuyas conclusiones integran el primer capítulo de esta obra. El abordaje a lo largo de 5 capítulos muy bien escritos está sustentado en una importante variedad de documentación inédita, que presenta una renovada visión del género biográfico, aunque paradójicamente eludiendo la biografía en sus perfiles más tradicionales, para situar a Juan Atilio Bramuglia, hijo de inmigrantes italianos, como parte de un grupo y en el complejo escenario argentino desde mediados de los años 40.
Modernity Disavowed: Haiti and the Cultures of Slavery in the Age of Revolution. SYBYLLE FISCHER, Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2004.
Authors: Petrushka Manuel Barcia
Published: February 2024

Over the last decades the term 'Age of Revolution' has become more and more frequent among western scholars. Most of the classic works on this time period have looked at the historical developments occurred in the Atlantic from a European or North American perspective. R. R. Palmer and Eric Hobsbawn, to mention but a couple of examples, focused mostly on events such as the French and the American revolutions, paying little attention – if any – to other crucial episodes such as the independence of Hispanic America and, most conspicuously, the Haitian Revolution.
Introducción
Authors: Finchelstein Federico
Published: February 2024

Los estudios sobre la historia del psicoanálisis en América Latina, luego de décadas de espacios historiográficos inexplicables, han dejado su marca en tiempos más recientes y ya constituyen un desarrollo plural que trasciende naciones y temáticas.A diferencia de las historiografías del norte, en América Latina, la "psico-historia" (la vertiente historiográfica que proponía "psicoanalizar a las fuentes" desde Napoleón a Hitler) no tuvo una repercusión que fuera mas allá de lo anecdótico. Sí hubo, por supuesto, una vinculación entre método historiográfico y teoría psicoanalítica. Historiadores, sociólogos, politólogos y antropólogos latinoamericanos promovieron esta perspectiva que sigue iluminando la historia de nuestros países.
Psychoanalysis in Brazil - Institutionalization and Dissemination among the Lay Public
Authors: Russo Jane A.
Published: February 2024

In this article I attempt to present and discuss two different periods of the dissemination of psychoanalysis in Brazil, both in the professional milieu and among the lay public. The first period, in the early 20th century, concerns the reception of Freud's ideas in the two largest Brazilian cities - Rio and São Paulo. The second period consists of the last thirty years of the century and refers to the so-called "psychoanalytic boom" that took place during the darkest years of the military dictatorship, focusing on Rio of Janeiro, where the effects were more visible. I intend to examine and discuss the specific characteristics of these two periods of propagation, trying to understand the success of the psychoanalytic "cosmological view" in the context of the Brazilian learned middle classes. I conclude the article with a few reflections on the post-psychoanalytic period we are now living.
RICARDO CICERCHIA: Viajeros: Ilustrados y románticos en la imaginación nacional. Buenos Aires: Editorial Troquel, 2005.
Authors: Tal Tzvi
Published: February 2024

El estudio de los discursos sociales es un campo en permanente expansión.Ricardo Cicerchia se aparta de los temas de historia familiar y regional, conlos cuales muchos identifican su trabajo, para ofrecer una visión de las narrativasde viajeros como género literario en el que entre los siglos XVIII y XIXse fundaron las identidades nacionales latinoamericanas. El autor se propuso“reconstruir y deconstruir los informes de viajeros como una práctica social delproyecto cultural nacional”.
Cartographic Mexico: A History of State Fixations and Fugitive Landscapes. RAYMOND B. CRAIB, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2004.
Authors: Velázquez Mark Overmyer
Published: February 2024

Conceptions of "geography" have changed significantly in past years, especially in our usual comprehension of the relationship between the science of mapping and maps, spatial reality itself, and the significance of geography in human relations. In her essay "Places and Their Pasts," Doreen Massey asserts that "places...are always constructed out of articulations of social relations (trading connections, the unequal links of colonialism, thoughts of home) which are not only internal to that locale but which link them to elsewhere.
Revolutionary Women in Postrevolutionary Mexico. JOCELYN OLCOTT, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005.
Authors: Power Margaret
Published: February 2024

This fascinating study of women in postrevolutionary Mexico brings to life the multiple forms of struggle that women engaged in during the late 1920s and the 1930s. Based on extensive research, it both offers telling examples of women's local activism and shows the connections between it and the larger political context in which it occurred. Thus, this book illustrates the dynamic interplay that existed between women's efforts to improve their conditions on the local and national level and the political forces that supported or opposed them on the regional, national, and international levels.
From the Revolution to the Maquiladoras: Gender, Labor, and Globalization in Nicaragua. JENNIFER BICKHAM MENDEZ, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005.
Authors: Babb Florence E.
Published: February 2024

“Jobs, Yes… But with Dignity!”(Political slogan quoted in Mendez, p. 155)Nicaragua’s Working and Unemployed Women’s Movement is a particularly apt organization to consider in the context of the neoliberal post-Sandinista period. Known as MEC, after union organizer María Elena Cuadra, the women who formed the group in 1994 have struggled to retain their commitment to the labor and populist social base of the CST, the Sandinista party’s workers organization from which they emerged.
From Slavery to Freedom in Brazil, Bahia 1835-1900. DALE TORSTON GRADEN, New Mexico University Press, 2006.
Authors: Skidmore Thomas E.
Published: February 2024

Dale Torston Graden has tackled the large topic of Brazilian abolitionism, wisely seeing it as a bundle of multiple stories, each with its own causation. The reality is complex and can only be unraveled by a careful exploration of these stories. This is all the more difficult in a book that is part of a "series of course adoption books on Latin America," because of the need to give the exposition a certain clarity that may perforce simplify to some degree the complexities of the reality behind the stories. The result is well worth the effort the author clearly devoted to it.
Workers, Soldiers, Activists: Black Mobilization in Brazil and Spanish America, 1800-2000
Authors: Andrews George Reid
Published: February 2024

Comparisons of race relations in Brazil and North America (United States) have a long history. As Thomas Skidmore's classic Black into White made clear, Brazilian writers and intellectuals were already drawing such comparisons by the late 1800s; and Gilberto Freyre's direct observations of Jim Crow segregation in the United States south provided the implicit backdrop to his seminal portrait of Brazilian race relations in Casa grande e senzala (1933) and Sobrados e mocambos (1936). Meanwhile North American observers, ranging from former President Theodore Roosevelt to African-American writers and journalists, were commenting on patterns of race in Brazil and contrasting those patterns, either implicitly or explicitly, to race relations in the United States.
The Politics of Inequality in Brazil: A Historiographical Survey of the Works of Thomas E. Skidmore
Authors: Lambe Jennifer , Carey Turnquest Orville A. , Liu Yi , Teixeira Ana Catarina , Zeichner Natan
Published: February 2024

One rarely has the opportunity to witness academic excellence on the level embodied by the renowned Brazilian historian Thomas E. Skidmore. Since his migration from nineteenth-century German history to twentieth-century Brazilian history while a young instructor at Harvard University, Professor Skidmore has inspired a generation of scholars of Brazil and Latin America with characteristically meticulous research, deep insight, and great humor. As Brazilian and Latin American history enter a new phase of expansion and diversification, it seems appropriate to revisit the contributions of a historian who has been fundamental to the process by which these disciplines were forged in the United States and beyond. A critical reflection on the relationship of some of Skidmore's classic works to the present ought to accompany this process to examine what, vis-à-vis the current historiography, they have inspired, neglected, and presaged. The following essay will consider nearly four decades of Skidmore's historical work on Brazil through an analysis of four texts emblematic of the trajectory of his intellectual career: Politics in Brazil, 1930-1964: An Experiment in Democracy (1967), The Politics of Military Rule in Brazil, 1964-1985 (1988), Black into White: Race and Nationality in Brazilian Thought (1974), and Brazil: Five Centuries of Change (1999).
Partnerships in Sustainable Forest Resource Management: Learning from Latin America. MIRJAM A. F. ROS-TONEN (ed.), with Heleen van den Hombergh and Annelies Zoomers: Leiden & New York: Brill, 2007.
Authors: Haenn Nora
Published: February 2024

This book begins with the premise that there is an inherent tension between the global flow of forest products and local forest management. The partnerships that have been created to mediate this tension have considerable social and environmental effects. The volume describes these effects in 13 case studies with an introductory chapter that readers will find useful. The contributors express their concern about risk and conflict management in partnerships, the retreat of the neo-liberal state, and power differences, as these topics apply to arrangements spanning a wide range of geographical scales: deals involving communities and private companies, communities and NGOs, multi-sector partnerships, and partnerships built on political advocacy.
Vargas and Brazil: New Perspectives. JENS R. HENTSCHKE (ed.), New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
Authors: Rosenheck Uri
Published: February 2024

Getúlio Vargas dominated Brazilian politics during the middle of the twentieth century and cast his shadow on the country even after his death. After his rise to national power as a provisional ruler in 1930, he was transformed into an indirectly elected president in 1934; he ruled as a dictator from 1937 to 1945, and finally was a democratically elected populist president from 1951 until his death in 1954. In this excellent compilation, Jens R. Hentschke brings together a diverse group of scholars to shed light on some little studied aspects of the period.
Las genealogías de Margot Glantz: del Génesis al Distrito Federal
Authors: Masterson Araceli
Published: February 2024

La autobiografía como género literario ha recorrido un largo camino desde su definición más simple, como descripción que un individuo hace de su propia vida. El pacto autobiográfico de Philipe Lejeunne ha perdido vigencia en tanto que se cuestiona la relación entre los hechos de una vida y los procesos que influyen sobre la memoria y la construcción de recuerdos. James Olney insiste en que cualquier tipo de escritura, incluyendo la crítica literaria, puede considerarse autobiográfica, y Paul de Man, desde una posición ya post-estructuralista, afirma que lo autobiográfico no es en absoluto un género literario sino un recurso literario.  En esta "crisis" de autorrepresentación del sujeto en la autobiografía, la crítica literaria ha pasado a enfocar el análisis de la autobiografía como acto de escribir, recordar, leer e interpretar. En este contexto surgen Las genealogías de Margo Glantz, en las que la autora mexicana se sirve de una estructura de carácter público para definir lo privado. La historia que presenta Glantz es activa, abierta a continuas posibilidades de renovación, repetida y repasada con el objetivo de afirmar su identidad como mujer judeomexicana ante el presente y hacia el futuro.
The Fujimori Legacy: The Rise of Electoral Authoritarianism in Peru. JULIO CARRIÓN (ed.), University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2006.
Authors: Sickle Alix van
Published: February 2024

The Fujimori Legacy is not only an important contribution to our understanding of Peruvian politics and the lessons of the Fujimori era, but it also provides insights into shared challenges facing transitional democracies. This collection of essays examines the factors that enabled the emergence and durability of Fujimori's neopopulist and authoritarian presidency, as well as the ultimate causes of his abrupt fall from power. The contributors provide a diverse set of viewpoints from which to view the Fujimori decade.
Between Legitimacy and Violence: A History of Colombia, 1875-2002. MARCO PALACIOS, Translated by Richard Stoller. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2006.
Authors: Gutiérrez de Piñeres Sheila Amin
Published: February 2024

Marco Palacios' account of Colombian history is a must-read for historians, economists, political scientists, and geographers. It is an intricately woven story that highlights the complexities of Colombian history. Palacios discusses each topic in the context of economy, culture, art, literature, physical and human geography, and the political/legal situation. A rich interpretation of Colombian history is presented with the expressed intent of revealing how the past affects current thinking and events.
Nomadismo proselitista y revolución. Notas para una caracterización del primer exilio aprista (1923-1931)
Authors: Bergel Martín
Published: February 2024

La historia de la Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana (APRA), elprincipal partido político moderno del Perú y uno de los movimientos más influyentes en toda América Latina en el entero siglo XX –historia que permaneceaún relativamente mal conocida en muchos aspectos–, está inextricablementeunida al tema del exilio. Su fisonomía y sus rasgos más característicos, sobretodo en sus primeras décadas de vida, se encuentran en efecto sellados a fuegopor los numerosos destierros sufridos por decenas de sus militantes, empezandopor su indiscutido líder, Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, y por el núcleo de principalesdirigentes que supo secundarlo.
El exilio: argentinos en Francia durante la dictadura. MARINA FRANCO: Buenos Aires, Siglo XXI Editores, 2008.
Authors: Tahir Nadia
Published: February 2024

Las narrativas ligadas a los exilios forzados por las dictaduras militares de la década de 1970 en el Cono Sur son hoy en día conocidas. Muchos escritores han contado su experiencia del exilio. Suelen ser citados cuando se quiere remitir al desarraigo, a la añoranza... Han contribuido a la construcción de un imaginario que todo lector de estos relatos tiene en mente cuando se propone leer un trabajo sobre este tema.
El Fondo Monetario y el Banco Mundial en la Argentina. Liberalismo, populismo y finanzas internacionales. RAÚL GARCÍA HERAS: Buenos Aires: Lumière, 2008.
Authors: Kedar Claudia
Published: February 2024

Tal como lo señala Raúl García Heras en el comienzo del libro, "desde el ingreso de la Argentina al Fondo Monetario y al Banco Mundial en 1956, ambos organismos han tenido un papel clave, conflictivo y por ende cada vez más discutible en su política económica". Efectivamente, la acalorada polémica desatada en los últimos años en torno a las políticas económicas aplicadas en la Argentina con el apoyo de los "Gemelos de Bretton Woods", ha originado una seguidilla de artículos periodísticos e investigaciones académicas tanto en el país como en el exterior.
Cultures of Devotion: Folk Saints of Spanish America. FRANK GRAZIANO: Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Authors: Hartch Todd
Published: February 2024

Frank Graziano's study of folk saints examines the common Latin American devotion to unofficial "saints" who have not been recognized and almost certainly never will be recognized by the Vatican. After a long introductory essay that familiarizes readers with the basics of popular Roman Catholicism and gives the author's framework for viewing folk saints, Graziano presents five striking in-depth studies, three from Argentina and one each from Peru and Mexico. Saints, devotees, and devotional practices vary greatly throughout the region, which is not surprising since there is of course no hierarchical regulation or standardization of these sites; however, the detailed description of each saint ultimately paints a revealing picture of this integral aspect of religion as it is lived in contemporary Latin America.
Strategy as Politics. Puerto Rico on the Eve of the Second World War. JORGE RODRÍGUEZ BERUFF: San Juan: La Editorial-Universidad de Puerto Rico, 2007.
Authors: Muñoz Laura
Published: February 2024

"Puerto Rico is to be a formidable fortress, a clenched fist ready to repel foreign intruders in the Caribbean", escribió en 1940 el entonces joven historiador Arturo Morales Carrión. La imagen sugerida respondía cabalmente a lo que estaba ocurriendo en la isla borinqueña: la intensa preparación militar en la primera línea de defensa de los Estados Unidos. Este es el tema del libro, que ofrece un interesante análisis de ese proceso, poniendo a la guerra y al imperativo norteamericano de convertir a Puerto Rico en el baluarte defensivo del área en el centro de su atención.
Surviving Mexico’s Dirty War: A Political Prisoner’s Memoir. ALBERTO ULLOA BORNEMANN: Edited and translated by Arthur Schmidt and Aurora Camacho de Schmidt. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2007.
Authors: Cohen Jeffrey H.
Published: February 2024

Ulloa Bornemann has given us a gift in his memoir documenting how he survived Mexico's dirty war in the 1960s and 1970s. His gift is a sensitive, personal, profoundly moving account that opens the doors on the brutality and violence of the Mexican state, the goals of left wing civil movements and the role that one man plays. Ulloa Bornemann's book follows the model of a testimonial or testimonio - a rich traditional literary trope in Latin America - but at the same time it is much more.
Football in the Americas: Fútbol, Futebol, Soccer. RORY M. MILLER and LIZ CROLLEY (eds.): London: Institute for the Study of the Americas, 2007.
Authors: Karush Matthew B.
Published: February 2024

Over the last several decades, football, the world's most popular sport, has begun to attract well-deserved attention from academics in a variety of disciplines.  In general, this scholarship has fallen into two unrelated fields of inquiry. While historians, anthropologists, and sociologists have asked questions about the culture of football, economists and experts in management and marketing have approached the sport with a very different agenda. Although these two groups of scholars undoubtedly have much to say to each other, the potential for intellectual exchange has not yet been realized. As a result, Football in the Americas would seem to hold great promise.
De Vecinos a Ciudadanos: Movimientos comunales y luchas cívicas en la historia contemporánea de Costa Rica. PATRICIA ALVARENGA VENUTOLO: Heredia, Costa Rica: EUNA, 2005.
Authors: Lehoucq Fabrice
Published: February 2024

Patricia Alvarenga Venutolo, a historian at the National University in Heredia, Costa Rica, has written an engaging narrative about some of the highlights of communal protest in contemporary Costa Rica.  By communal, she means "socially diverse groups of individuals who organize to protest concrete issues," as distinct from class-based movements (p. 1).  Her main conclusion is that conflicts over the rates and quality of public services can lead to the formation of protest movements that state officials may be reluctant to deal with, but with which they ultimately do negotiate agreements.
People of the Volcano: Andean Counterpoint in the Colca Valley of Peru. DAVID COOK NOBLE with ALEXANDRA PARMA COOK: Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2007.
Authors: Drinot Paulo
Published: February 2024

Total history, like total football, is no longer much in fashion. Fernand Braudel and Johann Cruijff belong to another era; but, in thinking about what type of history People of the Volcano represents, I could come up with no better analogy. The geographical scale is, of course, different: the Colca Valley is not the Mediterranean. The timeframe, too, is different; although, on a much more modest scale, People of the Volcano, like The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II, ranges forward and backward in time. Where the analogy fits best is the sheer multiplicity of historiographical approaches employed by Noble David Cook and his collaborator Alexandra Parma Cook.
Unsettling Accounts: Neither Truth Nor Reconciliation in Confessions of State Violence. LEIGH A. PAYNE: Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2008.
Authors: Feitlowitz Marguerite
Published: February 2024

Fora scholar who studies torture in the context of state-sanctioned violence,Leigh Payne sustains great faith in democracy. In fact, the resiliency andresourcefulness of transitional democracies to confront, process, and utilizehorrific "confessions" is a major theme in her valuable book. Payne positionsher argument squarely between two competing schools of thought: that the full,graphic accounts of evil-doers (in controlled settings, such as South Africa'sTruth and Reconciliation Commission [TRC]) ultimately lead to healing andreconciliation; and the belief that "too much truth" undermines, even endangers, the return to civility. Payne argues for what she terms "contentiouscoexistence."
La historia política del Nunca Más. La memoria de las desapariciones en la Argentina. EMILIO CRENZEL: Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI, 2008.
Authors: Draper Susana
Published: February 2024

¿Cómo abordar el Nuncamás argentino sin proponer una mera aceptación de las estrategiasdiscursivas que el informe consolidó respecto al pasado de la dictadura, nicaer en una simple demonización de su complicidad con un tipo de discurso queha marcado una forma de ‘decir' sobre el pasado hasta el presente? Estapregunta es fundamental para abordar Lahistoria política del Nunca más. La memoria de las desapariciones en la Argentina, dondeEmilio Crenzel realiza el primer estudio detallado del proceso de elaboracióndel Nunca Más en tanto historia política.
El retorno de Perón y el peronismo en la visión de la prensa nacional y extranjera. RAANAN REIN y CLAUDIO PANELLA (comps.): La Plata: Editorial de la Universidad de La Plata, 2009.
Authors: Álvarez Silvia
Published: February 2024

El presente libro constituye, en buena medida, un ejemplode los diversos abordajes que pueden realizarse desde los enfoques disciplinariospropios de la historia, los medios de comunicación y la lingüística, sobre lainterpretación que la prensa realiza de fenómenos políticos contemporáneos. Ala vez, continúa y afianza una línea de estudios socio-históricos sobre elperonismo en general y los años 70 en particular, década en que se enfrentan,desde las ideas y la violencia física armada, distintas nociones de autoridad yrepresentación que remiten, en última instancia, a concepciones de estado que pugnanpor imponerse. De ahí que, particularmente en la década referida, irrumpieron, tantoen el ámbito nacional como en el internacional, una multiplicidad de actoresque pretendieron explicar y construir una misma realidad desde subjetividadesdiversas.
The Wandering Signifier: Rhetoric of Jewishness in the Latin American Imaginary. ERIN GRAFF ZIVIN: Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2008
Authors: Ran Amalia
Published: February 2024

Erin Graff Zivin's The Wandering Signifier: Rhetoric of Jewishness in the Latin American Imaginary belongs to this forming tradition that aims to explore the Judeo-Latin American field by studying late nineteenth- through late twentieth-century literature from Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Mexico, Colombia, and Nicaragua. She opts for a unique perspective by proposing that Jewishness be viewed as a wandering signifier, a floating artifact that shifts between literary texts and socio-historical contexts, a sign that may pertain to certain extra-textual circumstances, yet still remain a sublime textual representation, never fully attained.
Empire and Dissent: The United States and Latin America. FRED ROSEN (ed.): Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008
Authors: Weeks Gregory Weeks
Published: February 2024

This is an ambitious but often frustrating book. Its goal, as laid out by Fred Rosen in the introduction, is to "explore the ways in which the contours of dissent and resistance have been generated by the activities of empire, as well as the ways in which the contours of empire have been given shape by opposition, resistance, and disaffection" (5). The ambition is to demonstrate the causal relationships between the empire of the United States on the one hand, and the resistance that has emerged as a result.My frustration stems primarily from the fact that the book offers no definition of "empire" despite its centrality to the chapters. Rosen does not define it in the introduction. Indeed, one has to dig deeply into Alan Knight's impressive discussion of U.S. imperialism and hegemony to find the following in endnote 24: "I have deliberately refrained from trying to define imperialism" (47; emphasis in original). Endnote 99 states very plainly that "I have made the prudent but cowardly decision to avoid attempting any definition or discussion of "resistance," a concept that, due to overuse, may be yielding diminishing returns" (52).
Cuba and the American Imagination: Metaphor and the Imperial Ethos. LOUIS A. PÉREZ Jr.: Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2008
Authors: Lipman Jana K.
Published: February 2024

In Cuba and the American Imagination: Metaphor and the Imperial Ethos, Louis A. Pérez Jr. adds to his impressive oeuvre of work on US-Cuba relations in the twentieth century. With his practiced command over the archival material, Pérez examines the power of metaphor in defining the United States' imperial relationship with Cuba. Through a range of textual and visual sources, Pérez maps out the changing metaphors US actors used to depict "Cuba" from the early nineteenth century through the years following the Cuban revolution. Pérez asserts, "metaphors have consequences" (14), and he aptly argues how US representations of Cuba resulted in policies based on fictions and "figment[s] of their [US actors] own imagination" (23).  Thus, this is not a book about Cuba, but rather it is a book about how North American ideas of Cuba enabled the United States to gain its "sense of self-righteous hubris," and "destiny" as it became an imperial power in the twentieth century (10).
Genealogical Fictions: Limpieza de Sangre, Religion, and Gender in Colonial Mexico. MARÍA ELENA MARTÍNEZ: Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008
Authors: Few Martha
Published: February 2024

In her book Geneological Fictions: Limpieza de Sangre, Religion, and Gender in Colonial Mexico, María Elena Martínez traces the ideological and legal history of purity of blood categories from their initial appearance in the kingdom of Castile in the mid-fifteenth century, to their transatlantic circulation to colonial Mexico, and their transformation there until the early nineteenth century. This important and meticulously researched work takes on the historiography that argues that the modern Western conception of race had its origins in nineteenthcentury scientific constructions of race as a biological category. Martínez deftly and persuasively shows a much earlier and more complicated historical genesis, arguing for "no single, transhistorical racism but rather different types of racisms (her emphasis), each produced by specific and historical conditions" (11).
Metropolitan Migrants: The Migration of Urban Mexicans to the United States. RUBÉN HERNÁNDEZ-LEÓN: Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008
Authors: Sana Mariano
Published: February 2024

Once the violent course of the Mexican revolution subsided, and political stability cemented on a strong state apparatus took hold, Mexico entered a steady path of economic growth. Between about 1940 and 1970 the state intervened forcefully to propel urban industrial development. Those were the golden years of import substitution industrialization (ISI), which for working class manufacturing workers in Mexican cities meant a living wage, subsidized housing and health care, social security, and various perquisites, all supported by a strong state that mediated between industrialists and unions. Since the early 1980s, ISI gave way to export-oriented industrialization (EOI). EOI features a smaller and retreating state, labor "flexibilization," weak unions, insufficient wages, and the rise of the informal urban economy as a poor substitute for the relative economic security of the past. The ISI-EOI story is, of course, well known to anyone familiar with twentieth-century Mexico-or, for that matter, with twentieth-century Latin America. But the link between the macroeconomic model and urban Mexican migration to the United States is not. Rubén Hernández-León addresses this connection. In a field replete with studies of rural Mexican migration to the U.S., his book is groundbreaking and a refreshing read. Metropolitan Migrants is the result of ten years of research on the Monterrey-Houston migratory circuit. Hernández-León's analytical lens zooms in on a Monterrey industrial working class neighborhood, La Fama, and its counterpart in the Summerland section of Houston. His methodology mixes qualitative and quantitative tools-with an emphasis on ethnography-and keeps a constant dialogue between the macro and the micro and between the two sides of the border.
Artesanos y manufactureros en Lima. FRANCISCO QUIROZ CHUECA: Lima: Banco Central de Reserva del Perú e Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, 2008
Authors: Socolow Susan M.
Published: February 2024

This is a solid study of artisans and manufacturers in colonial Lima . The book is organized around what the author sees as pivotal moments in Lima ’s economic history: the sixteenth-century creation of an artisan group; the seventeenth-century apogee of local manufacturing; and the eighteenth-century economic crisis that produced a return to small scale workshops. Drawing widely on published studies and archival research as well as his own previous work on artisans, gremios, and indigenous urban labor, Quiroz demonstrates that it was not only artisans, laboring in small talleres and using the traditional three-tier system of master, journeyman, and apprentice, who produced goods in Lima . From the mid-sixteenth century on, Lima also contained an important industrial sector of large-scale producers whose workers produced cloth, soap, liquors and wine.
Lula of Brazil. The Story so Far. RICHARD BOURNE: Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2008
Authors: Ribke Nahuel
Published: February 2024

La figura de Lula al final de su segundo mandato, con más del 80% deaprobación en su país y convertido en un actor global de peso, presto a ungir asu sucesora en la presidencia de Brasil, es sin duda una de las personalidadespolíticas de la actualidad mundial que despierta más curiosidad. En Brasil se lesuele considerar como la figura política más importante de los últimos treintaaños, y quizás la más importante en la vida nacional desde la muerte de GetûlioVargas (1954).La biografía de Richard Bourne, Lula of Brazil, The Story so Far, publicada enel año 2008, pretende proporcionar al lector las claves para entender el fenómenoLula desde una perspectiva histórica que toma en cuenta la historia particulardel presidente del Brasil dentro del contexto histórico, político y económico delcual emerge su figura.
Mama Africa: Reinventing Africanness in Bahia. PATRICIA PINHO. Translated by Elena Langdon: Durham: Duke University Press, 2010.
Authors: Dávila Jerry
Published: February 2024

This translation of Patricia Pinho’s Mama Africa is a timely and welcome addition to the scholarship on racial identity in Brazil and will be useful as an English-language teaching resource in courses about Brazil, race, and the Atlantic World. Instructors might consider its adoption in contexts where they have also employed Kim Butler’s Freedoms Given, Freedoms Won, though the study is wholly based on experiences in Bahia.
ORI PREUSS: Bridging the Island. Brazilians’ Views of Spanish America and Themselves, 1865-1912. Madrid: Iberoamericana, 2011.
Authors: Alonso Angela
Published: February 2024

ORI PREUSS: Bridging the Island. Brazilians’ Views of Spanish America andThemselves, 1865-1912. Madrid: Iberoamericana, 2011.
LARS SCHOULTZ: That Infernal Little Cuban Republic: The United States and the Cuban Revolution. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
Authors: Campos García Alejandro
Published: February 2024

LARS SCHOULTZ: That Infernal Little Cuban Republic: The United Statesand the Cuban Revolution. Chapel Hill: The University of North CarolinaPress, 2009.
ANDREW B. FISCHER & MATTHEW D. O’HARA (eds.): Imperial Subjects, Race and Identity in Colonial Latin America. Durham & London: Duke University Press, 2009.
Authors: Kerner Alex
Published: February 2024

ANDREW B. FISCHER & MATTHEW D. O’HARA (eds.): Imperial Subjects,Race and Identity in Colonial Latin America. Durham & London: Duke UniversityPress, 2009.
El espacio y la periferia: en torno a una filosofía judía latinoamericana
Authors: Slabodsky Santiago
Published: February 2024

A partir de la influencia de las corrientes de pensamiento post-estructurales,post-modernas y, sobre todo, post-coloniales, pocas disciplinas de la Ciencias Humanas rechazan el espacio del conocimiento como un factor relevante en la construcción del saber. Diferentes estudios han dejado atrás la dicotomía exis- tente entre “espacios centrales” y “espacios periféricos” como sujeto y objeto de análisis. En este contexto, se han demostrado las limitaciones del conocimiento teórico generado en Europa y Norteamérica, como también se ha re-pensado la importancia del espacio periférico, o el margen, como generador y objeto de conocimiento. En otras palabras: mientras Europa y Norteamérica se han pro- vincializado, el resto del mundo ha comenzado a pensarse en términos globales.2
Pretty Modern: Beauty, Sex, and Plastic Surgery in Brazil. ALEXANDER EDMONDS: Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2010.
Authors: Green James N.
Published: February 2024

In recent years, Brazil’s prominence as a site for world-class plastic surgery has joined soccer, samba, Carnival, and the Amazon as yet another exotic image of the country that circulates internationally. Why does a supposedly less developed nation, in comparison to Europe and the United States, have some of the best cosmetic surgeons in the world? Moreover, this is not merely a procedure reserved for the rich and famous or even the economically comfortable middle classes.