bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An architecture of an Intelligent Digital Twin in a Cyber-Physical Production System
Authors: Ashtari Talkhestani Behrang , Jung Tobias , Lindemann Benjamin , Sahlab Nada , Jazdi Nasser , Schloegl Wolfgang , Weyrich Michael
Published: October 2019

The role of a Digital Twin is increasingly discussed within the context of Cyber-Physical Production Systems. Accordingly, various architectures for the realization of Digital Twin use cases are conceptualized. There lacks, however, a clear, encompassing architecture covering necessary components of a Digital Twin to realize various use cases in an intelligent automation system.

In this contribution, the added value of a Digital Twin in an intelligent automation system is highlighted and various existing definitions and architectures of the Digital Twin are discussed. Flowingly, an architecture for a Digital Twin and an architecture for an Intelligent Digital Twin and their required components are proposed, with which use cases such as plug and produce, self-x and predictive maintenance are enabled.

In the opinion of the authors, a Digital Twin requires three main characteristics: synchronization with the real asset, active data acquisition from the real environment and the ability of simulation. In addition to all the characteristics of a Digital Twin, an Intelligent Digital Twin must also include the characteristics of Artificial Intelligence. The Intelligent Digital Twin can be used for the realization of the autonomous Cyber-Physical Production Systems.

In order to realize the proposed architecture for a Digital Twin, several methods, namely the Anchor-Point-Method, a method for heterogeneous data acquisition and data integration as well as an agent-based method for the development of a co-simulation between Digital Twins were implemented and evaluated.
The PRORETA 4 City Assistant System
Authors: Schwehr Julian , Luthardt Stefan , Dang Hien , Henzel Maren , Winner Hermann , Adamy Jürgen , Fürnkranz Johannes , Willert Volker , Lattke Benedikt , Höpfl Maximilian , Wannemacher Christoph
Published: October 2019

The use of machine learning in driver assistance systems allows to significantly enhance their functionalities. In particular, it allows to personalize systems by evaluating the driver’s past behavior. Such personalization is especially relevant for recommendations in maneuvers where the specific maneuver embodiment strongly depends on the driver’s momentary driving style and attention. Led by this idea, PRORETA 4 developed a prototypical City Assistant System, which gives the driver a personalized recommendation in urban scenarios. To adapt the recommendations and warnings appropriately, the system incorporates the learned momentary driving style and the driver’s gaze behavior. In this work, we describe the main functional blocks of the system, present our solutions to major implementation challenges and also discuss the safety of the used learning algorithm.
Stable isotopes of C and H in methane fermentation of agriculture substrates at different temperature conditions
Authors: Kufka Dominika , Bucha Michał , Pleśniak Łukasz , Jędrysek Mariusz Orion
Published: October 2019

Agricultural substrates (maize silage and cattle manure) were used to carry out methane fermentation process in bioreactors under laboratory conditions. Identical mixtures of these substrates were incubated for 43 days at 20, 30 and 40ºC to determine how different temperature conditions affect the δ13C(CH4), δH(CH4), and δ13C(CO2) values. To ensure correct anaerobic digestion, the following parameters of the organic substrates and fermentation solutions were monitored: total organic carbon (TOC), volatile solids (VS), volatile fatty acids (VFA), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N). The variants with higher incubation temperature yielded higher amounts of biogas (20ºC=84.5, 30ºC=101.8 and 40ºC=133.3 dm3/kg VS). In the case of gas products of methane fermentation, it was observed that the higher temperature of incubation affects the depletion in heavy isotopes. At 20ºC, 30ºC, and 40ºC mean values of δ13C(CH4) reached −26.4, −29.7, and −35.4‰, respectively. Mean values of δ2H(CH4) were −311.6, −354.0, and −398.5permil, and of δ13C(CO2) +8.9, +3.7, and −2.3‰, respectively. Moreover, the apparent fractionation coefficient α13C(CO2-CH4) were calculated, which decreased when the temperature increased. This isotopic tool was used to identify acetoclastic reaction as a dominant methanogenesis pathway. Observed changes in the isotopic composition of gaseous products obtained at different incubation temperatures may indicate decomposition of different carbon sources (e.g. lactate, propionate) to acetate and its fermentation by acetoclastic methanogens. It is possible that this was also related to the observation of the various metabolic models due to the varied methanogenic community composition.
Vom Wiederaufbau zur urbanen Entwicklungspolitik. Die Vereinten Nationen, transnationale Netzwerke und das Problem der Urbanisierung, ca. 1945–1966
Authors: Wolffhardt Tobias
Published: October 2019

Diskurse über Wohnungs- und Stadtplanungsfragen waren über weite Teile des 20. Jahrhunderts hinweg ein transnationales Phänomen. Architekten, Stadtplaner und Urbanisten knüpften schon seit Beginn des Jahrhunderts ihre Netzwerke, während transnationale Organisationen den Austausch in Form von Zeitschriften und Konferenzen förderten. Die Perspektiven dieser „Urbanen Internationale“, die bis dato vor allem transatlantisch geprägt waren, weiteten sich aber erst in den zwei Dekaden nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs so aus, dass sie tatsächlich als „global“ bezeichnet werden konnten. Die Dekolonisierung in Asien und Afrika, die Expansion und Institutionalisierung internationaler Entwicklungspolitik und eine zunehmende Wahrnehmung der rapiden Urbanisierung im Globalen Süden bedeuteten, dass zum ersten Mal im internationalen Kontext auf die „weniger entwickelten“ Regionen der Welt zugeschnittene Strategien der urbanen Entwicklungspolitik formuliert wurden. Der vorliegende Aufsatz thematisiert diese Entwicklung aus der Perspektive des zunehmenden Engagements der Vereinten Nation auf diesem Feld zwischen 1945 und 1965. Themen, die hierbei diskutiert werden, sind die Einrichtung einer Abteilung für Wohnungs-, Städtebau- und Bauwirtschaftsfragen im UN-Sekretariat im Zuge der internationalen Kooperation beim Wiederaufbau nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg, die Etablierung dieser Abteilung als Zentrum des globalen Austauschs über Fragen der Stadtentwicklung, die von ihr vertretenen Ansätze und Konzepte und die generelle Frage nach den Zusammenhängen zwischen Entwicklung und Urbanisierung.
Full reconstruction of a vector field from restricted Doppler and first integral moment transforms in ℝ
n
Authors: Mishra Rohit Kumar
Published: October 2019

We show that a vector field in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

can be reconstructed uniquely from the knowledge of restricted Doppler and first integral moment transforms. The line complex we consider consists of all lines passing through a fixed curve

γ
⊂

ℝ
n

{\gamma\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}}

. The question of reconstruction of a symmetric m-tensor field from the knowledge of the first

m
+
1

{m+1}

integral moments was posed by Sharafutdinov [Integral Geometry of Tensor Fields, Inverse Ill-posed Probl. Ser. 1, De Gruyter, Berlin, 1994, p. 78]. In this work, we provide an answer to Sharafutdinov’s question for the case of vector fields from restricted data comprising of the first two integral moment transforms.
Determination of the impulsive Sturm–Liouville operator from a set of eigenvalues
Authors: Zhang Ran , Xu Xiao-Chuan , Yang Chuan-Fu , Bondarenko Natalia Pavlovna
Published: October 2019

In this work, we consider the inverse spectral problem for the impulsive Sturm–Liouville problem on

(
0
,
π
)

{(0,\pi)}

with the Robin boundary conditions and the jump conditions at the point

π
2

{\frac{\pi}{2}}

. We prove that the potential

M
⁢

(
x
)

{M(x)}

on the whole interval and the parameters in the boundary conditions and jump conditions can be determined from a set of eigenvalues for two cases: (i) the potential

M
⁢

(
x
)

{M(x)}

is given on

(
0
,

(

1
+
α

)

⁢
π

4

)

{(0,\frac{(1+\alpha)\pi}{4})}

; (ii) the potential

M
⁢

(
x
)

{M(x)}

is given on

(

(

1
+
α

)

⁢
π

4

,
π
)

{(\frac{(1+\alpha)\pi}{4},\pi)}

, where

0
<
α
<
1

{0<\alpha<1}

, respectively. It is also shown that the potential and all the parameters can be uniquely recovered by one spectrum and some information on the eigenfunctions at some interior point.
Total Score of Athleticism: Holistic Athlete Profiling to Enhance Decision-Making
Authors: Turner Anthony N. , Jones Ben , Stewart Perry , Bishop Chris , Parmar Nimai , Chavda Shyam , Read Paul
Published: October 2019

Oftentimes, the various coaching staff, sport science, and medical practitioners of a sports club require a single, holistic indication of an athlete's athleticism. Currently, there is no consensus on how this is best defined, and thus, a total score of athleticism (TSA) may provide one such method. The TSA is derived from the average of Z-scores (or T-scores in the case of small samples) from a sport-specific testing battery, ensuring athletes are judged across all the relevant fitness capacities that best define the physical demands of competition. To aid readers in using the TSA, this article also details how it is computed in EXCEL.
The Temporal Relation between Cardiomyopathy and LBBB and Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Chang Sanshuai , He Yi , Wang Hui , Guo Fei , Lv Qiang , Kang Junping , Bai Rong , Liu Xiaohui , Du Xin , Ma Changsheng , Dong Jianzeng
Published: October 2019

Background: Left bundle branch block (LBBB)-induced cardiomyopathy has been proposed, but the association between LBBB and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response remains unclear and practical criteria for selecting CRT candidates are needed.

Methods: One hundred and seventeen consecutive heart failure patients were reviewed, 24 of whom received CRT. Only two patients had a clear temporal relation between cardiomyopathy and LBBB.

Results: Compared with the patient with “cardiomyopathy-induced LBBB,” the patient with “LBBB-induced cardiomyopathy” had higher left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, higher LV wall thickening rate, higher peak circumferential strain, and longer peak circumferential strain delay. The LV deformation patterns in the two patients were obviously distinct on cardiovascular magnetic resonance tissue tracking. During follow-up, the patient with LBBB-induced cardiomyopathy had a good response to CRT (LV ejection fraction 23 before CRT vs. 30% at 6 months vs. 29 at 12 months vs. 32% at 18 months; LV end-diastolic diameter 77 mm before CRT vs. 66 mm at 6 months vs. 62 mm at 12 months vs. 63 mm at 18 months), and the other patient had no response to CRT (LV ejection fraction 29 before CRT vs. 29% at 6 months vs. 26 at 12 months vs. 22% at 24 months; LV end-diastolic diameter 85 mm before CRT vs. 88 mm at 6 months vs. 85 mm at 12 months vs. 84 mm at 24 months).

Conclusion: The temporal relation between cardiomyopathy and LBBB could be a determinant for CRT response. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance tissue tracking may be a useful tool to identify the chronological order and a principal consideration for selecting candidates for CRT. Larger prospective clinical trials are needed to study the prevalence of, time course of, and risk factors for LBBB-induced cardiomyopathy.
The Cofilin/Limk1 Pathway Controls the Growth Rate of Both Developing and Regenerating Motor Axons
Authors: Frendo Michele E. , da Silva Alexandra , Phan Keith D. , Riche Soizic , Butler Samantha J.
Published: October 2019

Regenerating axons often have to grow considerable distances to reestablish circuits, making functional recovery a lengthy process. One solution to this problem would be to co-opt the “temporal” guidance mechanisms that control the rate of axon growth during development to accelerate the rate at which nerves regenerate in adults. We have previously found that the loss of Limk1, a negative regulator of cofilin, accelerates the rate of spinal commissural axon growth. Here, we use mouse models to show that spinal motor axon outgrowth is similarly promoted by the loss of Limk1, suggesting that temporal guidance mechanisms are widely used during development. Furthermore, we find that the regulation of cofilin activity is an acute response to nerve injury in the peripheral nervous system. Within hours of a sciatic nerve injury, the level of phosphorylated cofilin dramatically increases at the lesion site, in a Limk1-dependent manner. This response may be a major constraint on the rate of peripheral nerve regeneration. Proof-of-principle experiments show that elevating cofilin activity, through the loss of Limk1, results in faster sciatic nerve growth, and improved recovery of some sensory and motor function.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe studies shed light on an endogenous, shared mechanism that controls the rate at which developing and regenerating axons grow. An understanding of these mechanisms is key for developing therapies to reduce painful recovery times for nerve-injury patients, by accelerating the rate at which damaged nerves reconnect with their synaptic targets.
Hair Bundle Stimulation Mode Modifies Manifestations of Mechanotransduction Adaptation
Authors: Caprara Giusy A. , Mecca Andrew A. , Wang Yanli , Ricci Anthony J. , Peng Anthony W.
Published: October 2019

Sound detection in auditory sensory hair cells depends on the deflection of the stereocilia hair bundle which opens mechano-electric transduction (MET) channels. Adaptation is hypothesized to be a critical property of MET that contributes to the auditory system's wide dynamic range and sharp frequency selectivity. Our recent work using a stiff probe to displace hair bundles showed that the fastest adaptation mechanism (fast adaptation) does not require calcium entry. Using fluid-jet stimuli, others obtained data showing only a calcium-dependent fast adaptation response. Because cochlear stereocilia do not move coherently and the hair cell response depends critically on the magnitude and time course of the hair bundle deflection, we developed a high-speed imaging technique to quantify this deflection in rat cochlear hair cells. The fluid jet delivers a force stimulus, and force steps lead to a complex time course of hair bundle displacement (mechanical creep), which affects the hair cell's macroscopic MET current response by masking the time course of the fast adaptation response. Modifying the fluid-jet stimulus to generate a hair bundle displacement step produced rapidly adapting currents that did not depend on membrane potential, confirming that fast adaptation does not depend on calcium entry. MET current responses differ with stimulus modality and will shape receptor potentials of different hair cell types based on theirin vivostimulus mode. These transformations will directly affect how stimuli are encoded.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMechanotransduction by sensory hair cells represents a key first step for the sound sensing ability in vertebrates. The sharp frequency tuning and wide dynamic range of sound sensation are hypothesized to require a mechanotransduction adaptation mechanism. Recent work indicated that the apparent calcium dependence of the fastest adaptation differs with the method of cochlear hair cell stimulation. Here, we reconcile existing data and show that calcium entry does not drive the fastest adaptation process, independent of the stimulation method. With force stimulation of the hair bundle, adaptation manifests differently than with displacement stimulation, indicating that the stimulation mode of the hair bundle will affect the hair cell receptor current and stimulus coding.
From Maggots to Millions: Biomimicking the Fly to Feed Humanity from its Waste in the 21st Century
Authors: Drew Charlie
Published: October 2019

‘QUIET PLEASE: Flies are breeding’… reads the sign displayed on the factory breeding room. A female black soldier fly (BSF) is laying around 1500 tiny white eggs onto an industrially designed grid. Over 21 days, one kilogram of her eggs will hatch into eight tonnes of larvae, which will initiate a natural process of waste nutrient recycling as they feed on containers of organic consumer waste that would otherwise go to landfill. In a factory in one of Cape Town’s rapidly developing post-apartheid townships, larvae are thus recycling some 250 tonnes of ‘pre’ and ‘post’ consumer waste every day, transforming negative value waste products into highly valuable insect protein, an alternative to fishmeal – an unsustainably ocean sourced protein. Ethnographic research in this factory explored this biomimically inspired innovation, which uses nature’s purification agents – fly larvae – to revalorise a potentially harmful waste product into a critically important food source for the 21st Century. This paper argues that these industrially designed insect farms produce specific technologies and violent acts of reproductive enclosure. By incorporating debates about the role of naturally inspired solutions that use biological labour to accumulate value, it makes plain the ethical implications that emerge from mimicking and enclosing nature in this way. It contends that the ambition of the discipline of biomimicry to reunite human economies with natural ecologies is overshadowed by the logics of capitalism. While the outcomes of biomimicry may indeed be ecologically sustainable, capitalism’s drive to privatise and profit from the knowledge and labour of nonhuman life means not only controlling animals and their products, but also controlling the processes of life through a constellation of scientific, bureaucratic and legal techniques.
“The Soviet Union is Inside Me”: Post-Soviet Youth in Transition
Authors: Bostan Olga , Malafei Ilya
Published: October 2019

The USSR ceased to exist 28 years ago, and there are generations of young people who were born after the dissolution. Mobility opportunities are now abundant and easily available to them. Yet the Soviet past still shapes the post-Soviet present for citizens of countries of the former USSR. We interviewed eight young people from Belarus and Moldova who currently reside in the Netherlands and utilised grounded theory methodology to understand how they make sense of the Soviet past of their countries and how it influences them. While the post-Soviet young adults possess an internalised experience of reminiscences of Soviet times and have inherited certain patterns of thinking, communicating, and behaving, they are detached from Sovietness and express neither love nor hatred towards it. They locate themselves in a symbolic middle position in which they are critical both towards the Soviet legacy and ‘the Western’ alternatives, and the very transitional character of their position becomes the essence of it. The findings contribute to the body of scholarship on young adults’ experiences in post-Soviet countries, and the evaluation and understanding of the Soviet experience. Furthermore, they assist in understanding current events as well as the trends and the mobility trajectories of post-Soviet young adults.
Blurred Boundaries and Strategic Surveillance: Regulating Behaviour in Bristol’s Commercialised Spaces
Authors: Fuller Jonathan
Published: October 2019

This article explores how models of architecture, surveillance, and ownership define commercialised spaces, and in turn dictate how these spaces are experienced – not only by their users but also by the ethnographer. I argue that the supposedly inclusive and open design of Cabot Circus in the city centre of Bristol, UK, has resulted in a privatised, impersonal and exclusionary shopping centre. Its mode of operation and regulation threatens to encroach on the adjacent publicly accessible commercial area of Broadmead, through events like the Christmas market, which blurs the boundaries between the two environments. By reflecting on the difficulties I faced as an ethnographer when attempting to conform to my expected role in the space as an active and visible participant, I suggest that power has become so deeply embedded in the contemporary shopping centre that an innovative and reflexive methodological approach is necessary to capture the true machinations of the privatisation of urban public space. By directing attention towards recent efforts to privatise law enforcement and regulate visitor behaviour in these reconfigured commercialised spaces, this research also raises more ‘fundamental questions about how urban citizenship and social exclusion are defined’, simultaneously exposing the ‘importance of consumption… to daily urban life’ (Flint, 2002: 66).
Regeneration Rosetta: An Interactive Web Application To Explore Regeneration-Associated Gene Expression and Chromatin Accessibility
Authors: Rau Andrea , Dhara Sumona P , Udvadia Ava J , Auer Paul L
Published: October 2019

Time-course high-throughput assays of gene expression and enhancer usage in zebrafish provide a valuable characterization of the dynamic mechanisms governing gene regulatory programs during CNS axon regeneration. To facilitate the exploration and functional interpretation of a set of fully-processed data on regeneration-associated temporal transcription networks, we have created an interactive web application called Regeneration Rosetta. Using either built-in or user-provided lists of genes in one of dozens of supported organisms, our web application facilitates the (1) visualization of clustered temporal expression trends; (2) identification of proximal and distal regions of accessible chromatin to expedite downstream motif analysis; and (3) description of enriched functional gene ontology categories. By enabling a straightforward interrogation of these rich data without extensive bioinformatic expertise, Regeneration Rosetta is broadly useful for both a deep investigation of time-dependent regulation during regeneration in zebrafish and hypothesis generation in other organisms.
Health-related quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients, using the Missoula-Vitas quality of life index: a multicenter study
Authors: Dimova Rositsa , Keskinova Donka , Tzekov Valeri , Ginova-Noncheva Gergana
Published: October 2019

Background and aims. Assessment of Health-related Quality of Life in chronic hemodialysis patients (CHD) is a predictive indicator of the outcome of the disease, including mortality and hospitalization. Regular surveys of the quality of life (QoL) in CHD patients have been conducted  worldwide, using various, internationally validated and standardized tools, including the Missoula-VITAS Quality of Life Index scale (MVQOLI). The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Bulgarian version of the Missoula-VITAS Quality of Life Index-15 (B-MVQOLI-15) and QoL in CHD patients using this instrument.

Methods. Our study was designed as multi-center cross-sectional. It incorporated 263 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on CHD from across the country and applied the B-MVQOLI-15. Internal consistency and convergent validity of the index were assessed. Non-parametric methods were used to evaluate  the impact of demographic factors on the different dimensions scores and on the total score. The relationship between the total QoL score, the total MVQOLI-15 score and dimensions scores were measured based on Spearman's rho Correlation Coefficient.

Results. The total MVQOLI-15 score in the study was 16.44, which is slightly above the middle of the index scale. The patients with higher education were less satisfied with the level of their symptom control compared to patients with lower education. However, high education patients seem to manage better with everyday life compared to those with low education. Men seem to feel more satisfied  than women when fulfilling their daily activities (Р=0.026). Retired patients and unemployed expressed more satisfaction, compared to the employed (P=0.021). Also, patients on dialysis for over 5 years had lower QoL scores (Р=0.043).

Conclusions. B-MVQOLI-15 is a reliable instrument to measure QoL in Bulgarian patients with CHD. The majority of CHD patients rate their QoL as “Fair“. Four of all five dimensions positively affect the QoL of CHD patients. The most important dimensions positively affecting the QoL of CHD patients were: interpersonal relationships and transcendent factors. Future studies are necessary to assess the adequacy of the delivered dialysis, the level of medico-social care and the needs of ESRD patients treated with CHD in order to improve their QoL.
TEORI PENAFSIRAN AYAT-AYAT GENDER
Authors: Lutfi M
Published: October 2019

Hingga kini upaya penafsiran ayat-ayat al-Qur’an sudah memiliki standarisasi yang dapat dijadikan acuan bagi umat Islam dan dapat pula dijadikan buku pelajaran dalam kajian-kajian keislaman. Meskipun keberadaannya bisa statis pada satu sisi kalau penafsirannya hanya tertuju pada bacaan yang sudah ada, tentunya hal ini menjadikan hukum yang dikeluarkan darinya (al-Qur’an) semakin sempit. Sehingga ada kalangan tertentu yang berpendapat bahwa proses standarisasi itu menjadikan penafsiran terhadap teks ini memiliki bias gender, terutama yang menyudutkan kaum wanita. Dan akan selalu dinamis pada sisi yang lain bila penafsirannya senantiasa disesuaikan dengan perkembangan tuntutan umat yang selalu berkembang.
Islam Inklusif: Konstruksi Pemikiran untuk Dialog Umat beragama di Indonesia
Authors: Tasman Tasman
Published: October 2019

Artikel ini ingin menjelaskan bahwa Indonesia adalah salah satu negara yang paling pluralistik masyarakatnya. Mayoritas penduduknya memeluk agama Islam, tetapi secara religio-politik dan ideologis, Indonesia bukan negara agama, tetapi juga bukan negara sekular”. Di negeri ini, agama agama diberi ruang untuk bergerak bebas, tumbuh dan berkembang sepanjang tidak melanggar institusi dan batas-batas toleransi antar umat beragama. Komunitas religius yang beraneka ragam tersebut masing-masing, mempunyai orientasi kehidupan sendiri. Negeri ini mengakui pluralitas masyarakat, yang diharapkan oleh konstitusi negeri ini, yaitu dengan keanekaragaman itu pemeluk agama-agama dapat berlomba-lomba dalam berbuat dan mengisi pembangunan.            Pancasila sebagai ideologi merupakan titik pertemuan berbagai kelompok kepentingan, karenanya Pancasila adalah hasil kesepakatan nasional dan konsensus masyarakat Indonesia. Pancasila menjadi landasan filosofis toleransi umat beragama di Indonesia, walaupun secara eksplisit bahwa Pancasila sangat dipenuhi oleh nilai-nilai keislaman, ia juga terkadang diiterpretasikan sebagai sekularisme versi Indonesia. Kemajemukan atau pluralitas umat manusia merupakan kenyataan yang tak terbantahkan. Maka pluralitas meningkat menjadi pluralisme, yaitu sistem nilai yang memandang secara positif  terhadap kemajemukan itu sendiri, dengan menerimanya sebagai kenyataan dan berbuat sebaik mungkin berdasarkan kenyataan itu. Dalam kerangka inilah kemudian pemikiran Islam inklusif lahir merespon kondisi kebangsaan yang beragam.
Media Sosial, Sumber keberagamaan Alternatif Anak Milenial Fenomena Cyberreligion Siswa SMA Negeri 6 Depok Jawa Barat
Authors: Hatta M
Published: October 2019

Kegiatan keagamaan di dunia maya marak dilakukan siswa Muslim di Indonesia. Mereka mempelajari Islam di Internet yang menyediakan materi yang melimpah. Siswa bebas memilih materi yang mereka sukai, dan mendengarkan tausiyah dari ustad idola  mereka. Ada kecenderungan, mereka menjadikan media sosial sebagai sumber agama alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya fenomena cyberreligion pada siswa SMA Negeri 6 Depok, Jawa Barat. Ada dua pendekatan analisis yang penulis gunakan pada penelitian ini. Pertama adalah tradisi pemikiran fenomenologis Alferd Schutz terkait aktifitas cyberreligion sebagai sebuah fenomena sosial. Dan kedua, Teori Ketergantungan Media Sandra Ball-Rokeach dan Melvin L. DeFluer (1976) dalam mengungkap aspek ketergantungan siswa pada media sosial dan dampak yang ditimbulkannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan Mixed Methods Research, yakni sebuah metode penelitian gabungan kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang digunakan secara bersama-sama dalam suatu kegiatan penelitian untuk mendapatkan data yang lebih komprehensif, valid, reliabel dan objektif. Beberapa temuan menarik dari penelitian ini mengungkap adanya ketergantungan siswa dalam penggunaan smartphone. Dalam satu hari, siswa minimal menghabiskan waktu 4 jam lebih untuk berselancar di media sosial. Umumnya siswa menyukai tausiyah dari para ustad atau ulama yang dikaguminya. Antusiasme siswa belajar agama dari para ustad pilihannya di media sosial  ini, terkadang juga dilandasi oleh kekaguman yang berlebihan dan bahkan cenderung pada kultus individu.
Tracer Study Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Tahun 2011-2015
Authors: Mauludi Deden
Published: October 2019

Abstrak: Tracer study atau studi pelacakan merupakan studi tentang lulusan penyelenggara pendidikan. Tracer Study juga menyumbang informasi tentang hubungan antara pendidikan tinggi dan dunia kerja profesional, menilai relevansi pendidikan tinggi, informasi bagi pemangku kepentingan (stakeholders). Hasil Tracer Study dapat digunakan perguruan tinggi untuk mengetahui keberhasilan proses pendidikan yang telah dilakukan terhadap anak didiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan profil alumniFakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi (FIDKOM) UIN Jakarta tahun 2011-2015 yakni seberapa lama mereka studi, masa tunggu alumni, dan sebaran alumni dalam bidang pekerjaannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan pendekatan survei. Subjek penelitian adalah alumni FIDKOM UIN Jakarta tahun 2011-2015. Ppengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik angket dan dokumentasi dari balikan yang disebar. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan persentase kemudian dideskripsikan sebagai gambaran profil alumni. asil penelitian Tracer Study menunjukkan bahwa alumni FIDKOM UIN Jakarta menyelesaikan studi di almamaternya dengan waktu 4 tahun sebanyak 56,47 persen. Sementara masa tunggu alumni yang langsung bekerja sebanyak 76,7 persen. Sebaran alumni dalam beberapa bidang pekerjaan, di Lembaga Pers dan Media 14 persen, di Lembaga Dakwah 15 persen, di kantor pemerintahan sebanyak 8,7 persen, pada perusahaan swasta sebanyak 43,29 persen, yang menjadi wirausaha sebanyak 9,64 persen dan lain-lain sebanyak 8,9 persen. Hasil tracer study ini diharapkan menjadi bahan yang berguna bagi pemangku kebijakan untuk peningkatan pelayanan kepada para mahasiswa, pun untuk perbaikan secara menyeluruh. Kata kunci: Tracer Study, Alumni, FIDKOM UIN Jakarta, Pekerjaan
UNGKAPAN MAKNA MAKIAN DALAM BAHASA MINANGKABAU DAN BATAK: STUDI KOMPERATIF
Authors: Siregar Usmala Dewi
Published: October 2019

Abstract: Invective expression is different from its literal meaning. Invective expression reflect the speaker`s culture, customs, and social and historical backgrounds. Therefore, without knowing a target language, culture aspects as well as expressions, the meaning of expressions can not be concluded from the dictionary definition, speakers of foreign culture often face problems in understanding the actual meaning of the meaning of expressions, especially invective expressions. In the Minangkabau culture that uses invective expressions in their daily conversations, understanding that is not a problem. However, problems may occur when the two different cultures try to understand each other's expressions. Therefore, this study analyzed invective expressions in Minangkabau and Batak languages. In addition, the writer also examined aspects of the culture and situation of the intended expressions used by speakers of each language. The researcher used qualitative methods and the data gets from the informants of both cultures. These findings reveal two categories, namely, first, invective expression in Minangkabau and Batak languages with same literal and actual meaning. Second, invective expression  in Minangkabau and Batak languages with same literal meaning but different actual meaning.Abstrak: Makna kiasan berbeda dengan arti harfiahnya. Makna kiasan mencerminkan budaya, adat istiadat penutur, dan latar belakang sosial dan historis. Oleh karena itu, tanpa mengetahui aspek budaya target dan juga ungkapan, makna ungkapan tidak dapat di simpulkan dari definisi kamus, penutur bahasa asing sering menghadapi masalah dalam memahami arti sebenarnya dari makna ungkapan khususnya ungkapan makian. Dalam budaya Minang yang menggunakan ungkapan makian dalam percakapan sehari-hari mereka, memahami itu bukanlah masalah. Namun, masalah mungkin terjadi ketika kedua budaya yang berbeda mencoba memahami ungkapan satu sama lain. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menganalisis ungkapan makian dalam bahasa Minang dan Batak. Selain itu peneliti juga meneliti aspek budaya dan situasi tujuan ungkapan di gunakan oleh penutur bahasa masing-masing. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dan  Data bersumber dari  informan kedua budaya. Temuan ini mengungkapkan dua kategori yaitu, pertama, Ungkapan makian dalam bahasa Minang dan Batak dengan makna literal dan makna aktual yang sama. Kedua, Ungkapan makian dalam bahasa Minang dan Batak dengan makna literal yang sama tapi makna aktual berbeda.
REPRESENTASI KETIDAKADILAN PADA KUMPULAN PUISI NYANYIAN AKAR RUMPUT
Authors: Rishanjani Fetti Astrini
Published: October 2019

Abstract: The aim of this research is to do an in-depth study of the representation of injustice cointaned in the anthology of poetry Nyanyian Akar Rumput written by Wiji Thukul and its implication in learning Indonesian language. This research is a qualitative research using descriptive analysis method. The research concludes that the analyzed poems represent acts of injustice, such as commutative and recreative injustice. The results of this research showed: (1) Representation of creative injustice was found in the poem entitled “Peringatan” that revealed people’s freedom in voicing criticism to fight for their rights as citizens; (1) Representation of creative injustice was found in the poem entitled “Penyair” that revealed the poet’s disappointment with the regime due to his freedom to work; (3) The implication of this research can be used by teachers and students as learning materials for literary studyAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam mengenai representasi ketidakadilan yang terdapat di dalam kumpulan puisi Nyanyian Akar Rumput karya Wiji Thukul serta implikasinya dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan puisi yang dianalisis mempresentasikan adanya tindak ketidakadilan kreatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Representasi ketidakadilan kreatif ditemukan pada puisi berjudul “Peringatan” yang mengungkapkan tentang ketidakbebasan rakyat dalam menyuarakan kritik untuk memperjuangkan hak-haknya sebagai warga negara ; (2) Representasi ketidakadilan kreatif ditemukan pada puisi berjudul “Penyair” yang mengungkapkan tentang kekecewaan penyair terhadap rezim saat itu akibat ketidakbebasan dalam berkarya; (3)Implikasi representasi ketidakadilan pada puisi dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia dapat dimanfaatkan oleh guru dan siswa sebagai bahan pembelajaran sastra.
POLA NARASI PADA ANTOLOGI CERPEN TARIAN SALJU KARABAN
Authors: Haryanti Novi Diah
Published: October 2019

Abstract: This study aims to look at narrative patterns in the collection of short stories "Karaban Snow Dance" (TSK). From the fifteen short stories, the researchers took five main stories, namely the Karaban Snow Dance (Tarian Salju Karaban), The Fall of a Leaf (Gugurnya Sehelai Daun),  Canting Kinanti Song (Tembang Canting Kinanti), Jagoan Men Arrived (Lelaki Jagoan Tiba), and Origami Pigeon (Merpati Origami). Of the five short stories, environmental themes and honesty appear most often. The place setting depicted shows the environment that is close to the author or according to the author's origin. The main characters in the four short stories are children, only one short story Male Hero Tiban (Lelaki Jagoan Tiban/LJK) who uses adult takoh as the main character. The child leaders in LJK only appear in the past stories of the main characters. The five short stories do not show a picture of whole parents (father and mother). The warm relationship between mother and child appears clearly, in contrast to the father-child relationship that is almost negligent. The five short stories also represent how children become heroes for their family, friends, and environment.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pola narasi pada kumpulan cerpen Tarian Salju Karaban (TSK). Dari limabelas cerpen yang ada, peneliti mengambil lima cerpen utama yakni “Tarian Salju Karaban”, “Gugurnya Sehelai Daun”, “Tembang Canting Kinanti”, “Lelaki Jagoan Tiba”, dan “Merpati Origami”. Kelima cerpen menampilkan tema lingkungan dan kejujuran. Latar tempat yang digambarkan memperlihatkan lingkuangan yang dekat dengan penulis atau sesuai dengan asal usul penulis. Tokoh utama dalam keempat cerpen tersebut ialah anak-anak, hanya satu cerpen “Lelaki Jagoan Tiban” (LJK) yang menggunakan takoh dewasa sebagai tokoh utama. Tokoh anak dalam LJK hanya muncul dalam cerita masa lalu tokoh utama. Kelima cerpen tersebut tidak memperlihatkan gambaran orangtua utuh (ayah dan ibu). Relasi yang hangat antara ibu dan anak muncul dengan jelas, berbeda dengan relasi bapak-anak yang nyaris alpa. Kelima  cerpen tersebut juga merepresentasikan bagaimana anak-anak menjadi pahlawan bagi keluarga, sahabat, dan lingkungannya.
Urine Specific Gravity and the Accuracy of Urinalysis
Authors: Shaikh Nader , Shope Margaret F. , Kurs-Lasky Marcia
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:

A recent study in young infants found that different cutoffs maximized the accuracy of the urine white blood cell count in dilute versus concentrated urine samples. We aimed to confirm this finding and to determine its impact on clinical care.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of data gathered on consecutive children <24 months of age with visits to the emergency department during a 5-year period. We evaluated the accuracy of screening tests for urinary tract infection (UTI) in dilute and concentrated urine samples. We also calculated the number of children who would have been treated differently in a hypothetical cohort of 1000 children presenting with fever had urine specific gravity (SG) been taken into consideration.

RESULTS:

We included 10 078 children. The ability to rule in UTI (as measured by the positive likelihood ratio [LR]) was similar in dilute and concentrated urine for the leukocyte esterase test (11.76 vs 10.71, respectively). The positive LR for urine white blood cell count per high-powered field was higher in dilute urine (9.83 vs 6.12). In contrast, the positive LR for the nitrite test was lower in dilute urine (20.54 vs 47.44). Despite these differences, we found little change in the number of children treated with antibiotics in predictive models that took urine SG into consideration.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although we found that urine SG influences the accuracy of some components of the urinalysis, its inclusion in the decision-making process had negligible effect on the clinical care of children with UTI.
La voluntad de Eva: un recorrido crítico por la trilogía Cine de Juan Martini
Authors: Rogna Juan Ezequiel
Published: October 2019

En el presente trabajo analizaremos la configuración de Eva Perón desarrollada en Cine, una tríada novelística del escritor rosarino Juan Martini (1944). Partimos de la hipótesis según la cual los cambios acaecidos en Argentina durante la década pasada habrían propiciado el resurgimiento de la “potencialidad política” de Evita, aparentemente “conjurada” en los primeros años del presente siglo (Saítta, 2002). En sintonía con este fenómeno y apelando a la ficción literaria, Martini modeliza a una Eva en raudo pasaje hacia su radicalización política y su devenir mítico. De tal modo, su figura no queda subsumida en la leyenda negra anti-peronista, el discurso hagiográfico justicialista o el “artefacto” forjado por el show business (Soria, 2005); por el contrario, viene a representar la esencia del “mito peronista” (Casullo, 2008) a partir de la “hibridación” entre las “lógicas de representación” del Estado y de la industria cultural que el peronismo inauguró y que posibilitó el ingreso de Evita en la dimensión “legendaria” del “imaginario popular” (Rosano, 2006). Por otra parte, nos detendremos en la conformación subjetiva de Sivori, el cineasta que pretende filmar una errática trilogía fílmica sobre Eva Perón, para contrastar sus respectivas voluntades y sus dispares sentidos de trascendencia.
“The Curious Impertinent” and The Second Maiden’s Tragedy: (Self)Subversive Discourses on Gender and Power
Authors: Serrano González Raquel
Published: October 2019

This paper provides a comparative analysis of “The Curious Impertinent”, an interpolated novel in Don Quixote (1605), and The Second Maiden’s Tragedy, a play attributed to Thomas Middleton premiered in 1611. Cervantes’s story about the stratagem contrived by a jealous husband who persuades his closest friend to test his wife’s fidelity and the pernicious consequences that ensue is rewritten in the subplot of Middleton’s work and adapted to the Jacobean political and ideological context. The play’s main storyline also mirrors the Cervantine-inspired episode: the female protagonist is equally tempted by a tyrant, but, as opposed to the seduced wife, she resists stoically and gives up her life to prevent an otherwise unavoidable rape. Critics of both works are divided as to whether they uphold the dominant construction of women as ‘naturally’ inferior to men, both being permeated by a blatantly misogynistic language that perpetuates the ‘weaker vessels’ ideology. The analysis developed in this paper aims to prove that, even though each text was produced in a different social context –and hence has different political motivations–, both are self-subversive, as they undermine the dominant ideology of femininity and the consequent power hierarchy, in both the private and the public spheres.
PELATIHAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN SYARIAH BAGI ENTREPRENEUR MUDA DI MAKASSAR
Authors: Amin Asbi , Astuti Niken Probondani
Published: October 2019

Training on sharia financial statements for young entrepreneurs in Makassar aims to train young people who already have business in preparing and subsequently making sharia financial reports. Islamic financial statements are needed for decision making for the business owners themselves and outside parties.The method of implementation is carried out by conducting counseling, training sharia financial reports and mentoring. The final goal of this service is for young entrepreneurs to be able to understand and take notes on Islamic financial statements.
INTERNATIONAL FIELD PRACTICE (PPL): PROBLEMS, IMPLEMENTATION, AND COMMUNITY RESPONSES
Authors: Saehu Andang , Putri Hani Hartiani , Nabila Dewi Putri , Nurhapitudin Irman
Published: October 2019

Abstrak This paper is an evaluative study to explore and analyze the process of implementing the International PPL, the problems encountered in the implementation of International PPL, and the community responses to the implementation of International PPL. In working with the implementation, International PPL was conducted in three steps: pre-field research activities, whilst field research activities, and post-field research activities.  Some internal and external problems faced in the implementation of this International PPL. The responses to the International PPL implementation were gained from both internal and external communities.
PEMANFAATAN TIMBANGAN DARI LIMBAH KAYU DAN BUKU POP-UP SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS DI SLB TUNAGRAHITA GUGUS KELOMPOK KERJA GURU (KKG) KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Santi Dina Pratiwi Dwi , Sulaiman Herri , Kurnia Maya Dewi
Published: October 2019

Mental retardation is a child who has below average intelligence. In other words, they have less learning ability compared to others. This situation caused them difficulty in understanding abstract mathematical material. In addition, it appears that the material presented by the teacher is considered to be less interesting and boring by them. Though the model of the presentation of material that is fun, interesting, and easy to understand is one of the factors that influence their learning success. They are bored with the model of presenting the material using the media that the teacher uses repeatedly. Therefore, teachers' creativity and innovation are needed in utilizing the media and being able to package it into concepts that are interesting and fun for their students. So that the learning needs can be met optimally. Thus, this service aims to improve teacher skills in utilizing instructional media in the form of wooden scales and pop-up. Thus, through community service activities, it is expected to be able to provide benefits to teachers of mentally retarded KKG groups in Cirebon District, namely: (a) increase teacher knowledge about mathematics learning by utilizing learning media (b) enhancing teacher pedagogical competence by utilizing scales from wood waste and pop-up books. up to teach retarded students.
Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Akhlaqul Karimah dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari Siswa SD Negeri 1 Cibugel
Authors: Syahfitra Aidil , Asro Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Pendidikan dapat diartikan sebagai sebuah bentuk untuk memajukan kehidupan negara, kesejahteraan negara, dan menjadikan negara yang bermoral tinggi, beretika, dan berbudaya sosial yang mulia. Pendidikan dilakukan demi berkembangnya potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan menjadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab. Pengabdian ini merupakan pengandian dalam bentuk penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, data-data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan sosialisasi . Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, untuk mendeskripsikan Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Akhlaqul Karimah dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari Siswa SD Negeri 1 Cibugel Desa Jayamekar Kecamatan Cibugel Kabupaten Sumedang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada siswa akan pentingnya akhlakuk karimah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari baik akhlak kepada Allah, orang tua, guru, teman sebaya maupun akhlak-akhlak yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Selain itu juga pengabdian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisa bagaimana tingkat moralitas siswa sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk menilai kualitas akhlak generasi-generasi penerus bangsa, baik itu di masa sekarang atau nanti di masa yang akan datang.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki antusias dan partisipasi yang tinggi menjadi insan yang lebih baik hal ini terbukti secara implisit dalam kegiatan sosialisasi yang telah dilaksanakan, yang mana hal ini secara tersirat menunjukkan perkembangan akhlak siswa dalam menghargai orang lain.