bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critically ill patients: histopathological evidence of thyroid dysfunction
Authors: Saha Dipti , Chattopadhyay Saurabh , Dutta Sayak Sovan , Roy Anup Kumar
Published: January 2023

Background: Critical illness is characterized by severe biphasic physical and metabolic stress as a result of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and is frequently associated with non-thyroidal illness. The purpose of this study is to better understand the cytomorphological basis of NTI by performing histopathological examinations of the thyroid gland on autopsies of patients who died from critical illness.
Methods: Histopathological examination of the thyroid gland of 58 critically ill patients was performed in our hospital. The cases included 24 cases of burn injury, 24 cases of traumatic brain injury, and 10 cases of cerebral stroke. Thyroid samples obtained during a medicolegal autopsy were preserved in 10% formol saline and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The sections were visualized under light microscopy.
Results: Out of the 58 cases examined, 21 patients showed normal thyroid findings, and the rest of the cases had unusual thyroid findings in the histopathological study. The principal finding was the distortion of thyroid follicular architecture. Other findings include mononuclear cell infiltration, clumping of thyroglobulin, and exhaustion of thyroid follicles.
Conclusion: Critical illness produces metabolically damaging effects on the thyroid gland, which functionally corresponds to the state of low T3 syndrome. These effects worsen over time and warrant intervention through hormone replacement therapy.
Soil Fertilization and Maize-Wheat Grain Production with Alternative Sources of Nutrients
Authors: Bamberg Adilson Luís , Martinazzo Rosane , Silveira Carlos Augusto Posser , Pillon Clenio Nailto , Stumpf Lizete , Bergmann Magda , Straaten Peter van , Martins Eder de Souza
Published: January 2023

This study evaluated regional sources of nutrients to improve the soil fertility status and yield of maize-wheat succession in Southern Brazil. The treatments were: T1: no fertilization; T2: liming with dolomitic marble; T3: alternative liming (AL) with limestone interbedded with shale; T4: AL + 50% P - with Arad natural phosphate (P-ANP) + 50% P – triple superphosphate (P-TSP); T5: AL + 100% P-ANP; T6: AL + 100% P-ANP + 100% K-rich monzogranite; T7: AL + 100% P-ANP + 100% N from tung pressed cake (N-TPC); T8: AL + 100% P-ANP + 100% K-rich monzogranite + 100% N-TPC + 100% S; T9: AL + 100% NPK recommendation (urea, TSP and KCl). Immediate and residual effects were evaluated over 2.5 years (90, 360 and 900 d) on soil fertility and maize - wheat yield. The limestone interbedded with shale released Ca, Mg and corrected soil acidity similarly to dolomitic marble. The monzogranite increased the available K in soil, although improvements of the final product could enhance K release. The fertilization strategies used in T4, T7 and T8 presented a relative productivity index of 108, 111 and 108% when compared to T9 for maize plus wheat yield, while T3 (U$=1223) and T4 (U$=1284) resulted in higher profits (+4.2 and +9.4%, respectively) than T9 (U$=1174). The limestone interbedded with shale combined with 50% of P-ANP + 50% of P – TSP (T4) provided the best economical and technical results, highlighting the potential of selected rock powders for soil fertility correction and plant-nutrients supply.
Distribution and temporal variation of total volatile organic compounds concentrations associated with health risk in Punjab, India
Authors: Singh Bhupendra Pratap , Singh Manoj , Ulman Yashmita , Sharma Urvashi , Pradhan Rashmi , Sahoo Jagruti , Padhi Sibani
Published: January 2023

This study demonstrates the substantial changes in the concentration of VOCs in the urban area (Punjab) due to the lockdown effects. We analyzed the data for BTEX over the three years (January to December 2019 to 2021) with pairwise comparison and trend analysis for pre-, during, and post-pandemic periods. The results indicate a substantial reduction in the mean TVOCs concentration for all the monitoring stations was found to be 8.89 ± 1.80, 5.59 ± 1.71, and 5.57 ± 1.43 µg/m3 for before, during, and post-pandemic, respectively. The level of TVOCs declined by -43% for all monitoring stations during the lockdown period compared to the previous years. However, after the lockdown, an increase in the concentration of TVOC by 16% was observed in unlock; this may be due to the re-opening of commercial places, various industries, and transportation, as they are responsible for emissions of BTEX. This reduction indicates an overall improvement in the VOCs due to restrictions on transportation, construction, and the industrial sectors during the lockdown. Despite the overall decreasing trend of VOCs level, few monitoring stations indicate less variation due to meteorological effects. A Higher T/B ratio was found in Patiala (2.97 µg/m3) before the pandemic, which may indicate vehicle (traffic) emission sources and evaporative emission of solvent. The higher level of TVOCs was associated with mobile emission sources and industrial activities. The LCR values for benzene were found to be higher in children than in males and females, which indicated the possible risk. The LCR values for benzene exceeded the prescribed value by CPCB for children.
Co-cultures of iPSC-derived Mammary-like Organoids and Patient-derived Microtumors Model Invasive Behavior of Breast Cancer ex vivo
Authors: Keller Anna-Lena , Anderle Nicole , Schrenk Monika , Greis Deborah , Binner Anna , Visser Dmitri , Göpfert Jens , Koch André , Weiss Martin , Brucker Sara , Schenke-Layland Katja , Schmees Christian
Published: January 2023

Background
Tumor-adjacent benign mammary epithelium and myoepithelium can play a pivotal role in tumor growth and progression. We investigated the invasive behavior of patient-derived microtumors and breast cancer cell line-derived spheroids in co-culture with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mammary-like organoids in an autologous and allogenic manner. This co-culture systems enables a better understanding of the tumor-promoting function of the benign mammary (myo-) epithelium in different types of breast cancers.
Methods
Using three-dimensional co-culture settings of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mammary-like organoids and patient-derived microtumors or cancer cell line-derived spheroids, we investigated tumor growth and invasiveness of the cancers by using imaging-based analysis. Levels of Fibronectin and Metalloproteinase-2 in co-cultures and respective mono-cultures were measured using multiplexed Luminex assay.
Results
We observed significant increases in growth and invasiveness of invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type patient-derived microtumors in co-culture with induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mammary-like organoids. We identified upregulations of the prognostic markers Fibronectin and Metalloproteinase-2 in all co-cultures compared to respective mono-cultures of mammary-like organoids, patient-derived microtumors and cell line-derived spheroids.
Conclusions
These findings indicate a tumor-promoting role of the tumor-adjacent mammary (myo-) epithelium dependent on the tumor composition and tumor stage. Our results highlight the importance of breast tumor models that closely resemble the heterogenous composition of primary breast tumors.
Mechanical and Permeability Characteristics of Q 2 Soft-plastic Loess under Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Conditions
Authors: Hong Qiuyang , Lai Hongpeng , Liu Yuyang
Published: January 2023

For the soft-plastic loess tunnel engineering, collapse and damage of the surrounding rock during excavation are often driven by the combined action of the seepage water and the unloading effect. Under water pressure and unloading, the soil suffers complex stress-seepage coupling action causing the inevitable change of permeability and mechanical properties. In this paper, seepage control devices were added to the GDS test device, and a new triaxial permeability measurement system was developed. Triaxial unloading-seepage tests were conducted on soft-plastic loess under the effect of hydraulic coupling. The variation of permeability characteristics of Q2 soft-plastic loess under lateral unloading and the soil mechanical characteristics under different seepage pressure were analyzed. Meanwhile, microstructure characteristics of soft-plastic loess during the triaxial test were obtained by scanning electron microscope to clarify the deformation and seepage mechanism. The results show that the strength of soft-plastic loess decreases significantly with the increase of osmotic pressure. Under the condition of 50 kPa and 100 kPa osmotic pressure, the cohesive force of soft-plastic loess decreases by 15.5% and 39.0% and the friction angle decreases by 9.4% and 22.6%, respectively. The permeability coefficient of loess increases slowly at first and then increases rapidly during the unloading process. The main reason for the significant increase of permeability coefficient is the penetration of soil fissures and the formation of shear bands after entering the plastic deformation stage.
Privacy preserving COVID-19 vaccinating- and testing-pass for the European Union
Authors: Schrahe Dominik , Städter Thomas
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Physicians and scientists hope to gain new insights from health data to improve medical care and optimize costs in the healthcare sector. However, data protection laws in Europe often impose limits on the use of patient data. During the COVID-19 pandemic the exercise of all civil rights and liberties depends on successful vaccinations, negative tests, and recovery from the disease. Digital proof thereof was of particular importance for participation in social life. This research project aims to create a system concept for vaccination, testing, and recovery proof called P3VT (Privacy Preserving Pass for Vaccination and Testing), which makes all collected data anonymously available in real time to scientists as well as to political pandemic management.
Methods
Based on the Design Science Research methodology (DSR) [1], P3VT is the artifact created by the research project. It was developed over several iterations, consistently taking into consideration the goals of privacy-by-design, data minimisation and transparency of the EU-GDPR. Expert interviews have been conducted to validate the system from a medical, technical and data protection perspective.
Results
By using distributed ledger technology and distributed identities, P3VT offers the following advantages compared to the EU digital COVID certificate:
· Pseudonymous proof of vaccination, testing, and recovery, reducing the misuse of sensitive personal data
· Transparency on type, time, and purpose of proof increases users' trust
· Use of anonymous vaccination and testing data to improve regulatory pandemic management, as well as research
· Flexible specification of proof conditions based on the latest epidemiological findings or individual requirements
· Elimination of manual ID checks during the verification process.
Conclusion
P3VT provides a novel combination of unforgeable pseudonymous proof of COVID-19 vaccination, testing, and recovery with simultaneous provision of anonymous data for research purposes and regulatory pandemic management. It is therefore an example of how the comprehensive provision of health data for research purposes can be combined with high data protection requirements. Further areas of application are conceivable.
Intelligent Intrusion Detection Framework for Multi-Clouds – Iot Environment Using Swarm-Based Deep Learning Classifier
Authors: Nizamudeen Syed Mohamed Thameem
Published: January 2023

In current era, a tremendous volume of data has been generated by the use of web technologies. The association between different devices and services have also been explored to wisely and widely use recent technologies. Due to the restriction in the available resources, the chance of security violation is increasing highly on the constrained devices. IoT backend with the multi-cloud infrastructure to extend the public services in terms of better scalability and reliability. Several users might access the multi-cloud resources that lead to data threats while handling user requests for IoT services. It poses a new challenge in proposing new functional elements and security schemes. In this paper, an intelligent Intrusion Detection Framework (IDF) is introduced to detect network and application-based attacks. The proposed framework has three phases: data pre-processing, feature selection and classification. Initially, the collected datasets are pre-processed using Integer- Grading Normalization (I-GN) technique that ensures a fair-scaled data transformation process. Secondly, Opposition-based Learning- Rat Inspired Optimizer (OBL-RIO) is designed for the feature selection phase. The progressive nature of rats chooses the significant features. The fittest value ensures the stability of the features from OBL-RIO. Finally, a 2D-Array-based Convolutional Neural Network (2D-ACNN) is proposed as the binary class classifier. The input features are preserved in a 2D-array model to perform on the convoluted set of layers. It detects the normal (or) abnormal traffic. The proposed framework is trained and tested on the Netflow-based datasets. The proposed framework yields 95.20% accuracy, 2.5% false positive rate and 97.24% detection rate.
Prediction of People Sentiments on Twitter Using Machine Learning Classifiers During Russian-Ukrainian Conflict
Authors: Baker Mohammed Rashad , Taher Yalmaz Najmaldin , Jihad Kamal h.
Published: January 2023

Social media has become an excellent way to discover people's thoughts about various topics and situations. In recent years, many studies have focused on social media during crises, including natural disasters or wars caused by individuals. This study looks at how people expressed their feelings on Twitter during the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This study met two goals: the collected data was unique, and it used machine learning (ML) to classify the tweets based on their effect on people's feelings. The first goal was to find the most relevant hashtags about the conflict to locate the data set. The second goal was to use several well-known ML models to organize the tweets into groups. The experimental results have shown that most of the performed ML classifiers have higher accuracy with a balanced dataset. However, the findings of the demonstrated experiments using data balancing strategies would not necessarily indicate that all classes would perform better. Therefore, it is important to highlight the importance of comparing and contrasting the data balancing strategies employed in SA and ML studies, including more classifiers and a more comprehensive range of use cases.
A novel Chongqing index of post-TIPS survival for predicting survival in Chinese cirrhotic patients after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: A multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Mu Zhiyong , Liu Yuyi , Wang Lei , Yang Jinhui , Xiong Wei , Hu Hong , Liu Aimin , An Xuan , Xu Yuqiang , Tian Chuan , Wang Jinneng , Yu Haodong , Wang Jun , Chen Dongfeng , Liu Fuquan , Wen Liangzhi
Published: January 2023

Background & Aims: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is an important method for the treatment of complications related to portal hypertension. However, a prediction model based on Chinese population has not been established. The aim of our study was to develop a prognostic model based on the Chinese population.
Methods: We screened cirrhotic patients received TIPS between January 2014 and December 2021 at 11 hospitals in China and collected the available clinical data of all eligible patients. Using random assignment, patients were divided into training and validation cohorts in a 7:3 ratio. Independent risk factors for prognosis were screened by multivariate Cox regression and were used to develop a nomogram based on the training cohort. Validation cohort data was used to conduct external validation.
Results: A total of 794 patients were recruited, 556 in the training cohort and 238 in the validation cohort. Age, ascites, serum albumin, total bilirubin and serum sodium levels were independent prognostic factors, and these variables were incorporated to establish nomogram scoring model named the Chongqing index of post-TIPS survival (CIPS). The C-indices were 0.753 [0.684-0.812] in the training cohort and 0.786 [0.715-0.857] in the validation cohort. Compared with the Child-Pugh, iMELD, ALBI and FIPS scores, the CIPS showed better prognosis discrimination at 1 and 3 years after TIPS. The CIPS could identify high-risk patients after TIPS implantation with a cutoff point of 149.
Conclusion: The CIPS is more superior to predict 1-year and 3-years survival in Chinese patient cohorts and can identify high-risk patients with poor prognosis after TIPS implantation, which can be used to guide clinical patient management.
Comprehensive clinical application analysis of artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiograms for screening multiple valvular heart diseases
Authors: Lin Yu-Ting , Lin Chin-Sheng , Lee Yung-Tsai , Tsai Dung-Jang , Lou Yu-Sheng , Fang Wen-Hui , Lee Chia-Cheng , Ho Ching-Liang , Wang Chih-Hung , Lin Chin
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is becoming increasingly important to manage the risk of future complications. Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes may be related to multiple VHDs, and (AI)-enabled ECG has been able to detect some VHDs. We aimed to develop five deep learning models (DLMs) to identify aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, pulmonary regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation.
METHODS
Between 2010 and 2021, 77,047 patients with echocardiography and 12-lead ECG performed within 7 days were identified from an academic medical center to provide DLM development (122,728 ECGs), and internal validation (7,637 ECGs). Additional 11,800 patients from a community hospital were identified to external validation. The ECGs were classified as with or without moderate-to-severe VHDs according to transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) records, and we also collected the other echocardiographic data and follow-up TTE records to identify new-onset valvular heart diseases.
RESULTS
AI-ECG adjusted for age and sex achieved areas under the curves (AUCs) of >0.84, >0.80, >0.77, >0.83, and >0.81 for detecting aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, pulmonary regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation, respectively. Since predictions of each DLM shared similar components of ECG rhythms, the positive findings of each DLM were highly correlated with other valvular heart diseases. Of note, a total of 37.5%-51.7% of false-positive predictions had at least one significant echocardiographic finding, which may lead to a significantly higher risk of future moderate-to-severe VHDs in patients with initially minimal-to-mild VHDs.
CONCLUSION
AI-ECG may be used as a large-scale screening tool for detecting VHDs and a basis to undergo an echocardiography.
Exploring the mechanism of Wu Ling San plus flavor for the treatment of diabetic macular edema based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques
Authors: Ke Kunmao , An Meixia , Jiang Xiaoyun
Published: January 2023

Aim
To explore the possible mechanism of action of Wu Ling San Plus for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) through network pharmacology and molecular docking.
Methods
DME-related genes were searched in drugbank database, GeneCards database, Online Mendelian Human Genetic (OMIM) database, and TTD database. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was applied to screen for potential chemically active substances and related target proteins in the drug pairs. A “drug-disease target” regulatory network was constructed with Cytoscape (3.7.2) software, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by Bisogenet and CytoNCA, followed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis using the Bioconductor platform and R software. Finally, molecular docking of potential chemi-cally active substances and key targets was performed using MOE soft-ware.
Results
63 compounds were screened from Wu Ling San Plus, in-cluding 71 targets for the treatment of DME, and the PPI core genes were AKT1, JUN, TP53, IL10, VEGFA, IL6, MMP9, CASP3, CCL2, PTGS2, MAPK8; GO biofunctional analysis contained 2143 enrichment results, mainly involving the hypoxic responses, the KEGG enrichment yielded 122 related signaling pathways consisting of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, cellular senescence pathway, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, FoxO sig-naling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, etc. Molecular docking results indicated that quercetin may have an effect on AKT1, TPP53, VEGFA, IL6, MMP9, CASP3, CCL2, PTGS2, and kaempferol also had a better binding ability to MAPK8.
Conclusion
The treatment of DME with Wu Ling San Plus shows the multi-component and multitarget features of traditional Chinese medicine, which may achieve the management of DME’s developing process through many routes, offering certain insights and a foundation for further research.
Genome-wide analysis of the FIGLA gene in Mammals
Authors: Choudhury Shouhartha
Published: January 2023

Background: The FIGLA or BHLHC8 plays a dominant role in ovary formation and folliculogenesis and controls oocyte maturation and somatic cell function. The FIGLA gene encodes a bHLH domain in the germ cell as an activator and inhibitor of the oocyte. The oocyte-specific gene is necessary for oogenesis, pluripotency, and embryonic growth. FIGLA (POF6) gene preferentially expresses in oocytes and plays a dominant role in germ cell development. The POF6 gene regulates the sexual life rhythm and represents a candidate gene for reproductive symptoms such as hypogonadotropic abnormality, infertility and ovarian failure. A prior ovarian failure is a cause of BHLHC8 (POF6) haploinsufficiency, which breaks the genesis of primordial follicles. So, the oocyte-specific factors regulate attractive targets for fertility.
Objective: The study aimed to investigate whether a human homologous gene is present in other organisms and plays a similar role in ovary growth and fertilization. So, observation of the BHLHC8 gene is the ultimate target for controlling ovarian failure, infertility and germ-cell apoptosis. Therefore, perform powerful bioinformatics and computational techniques and tools for analysis of the BHLHC8 (FIGLA) gene in mammals.
Results: So, investigated mammalian genomes like Homo sapiens, Bos tarsus, Sus scrofa, Pan Troglodytes, and Mus musculus for comparative analysis. The finding data provided evidence of the FIGALPHA gene and its specific domain, motifs, phylogeny, gene expression, chromosome location, and gene network in humans. The observation suggested BHLHC8 (FIGLA) gene is present in all organisms and plays an essential role during development. An experiment in an animal model is required to determine the natural oocyte growth and fertility.
Conclusion: Observation data concluded that the FIGALPHA gene is present in all organisms and plays crucial roles during maturation. The oocyte-specific genes regulate attractive targets to govern ovary growth and fertility. Therefore, germ-specific and other species-specific transcription factors are essential for germ-cell development.
Optimized Feature Selection and Classification of Arabic Speech Disorders: A Case Study of Letter /r/ Difficulties
Authors: Abdo Mohamed S. , Ghanem Ahmed A. , Hammami Nacereddine , Youness Hassan A. , Hassan Abdallah A.
Published: January 2023

The reliable and automatic recognition of speech sound problems is critical for assisting in the early detection and treatment of defective phonological processes in children. This study addresses the issue of speech sound error classification in Arabic children when they mispronounce Arabic words, including the letter r (pronounced /ra/). A determination was made regarding whether a speech sound problem existed when the letter appeared at the beginning, middle, or end of words. The speech signal was characterized by different classifier models using the number of times and frequency features to aid in the automatic diagnosis of speech disorders in children. Utilizing a real-world library of voice recordings, the highest accuracy of 92.4% was achieved using a bagged trees classifier with a combination of effective frequency features under the holdout method.
Nomogram constructions and prognostic analyses for patients with synovial sarcomas resections: A Single Asian Cohort of 179 Cases
Authors: Lin Qiaowei , Sun Zhengwang , Yu Lin , Wang Qifeng , Sun Yangbai , Yan Wangjun
Published: January 2023

Background: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a relatively rare soft tissue sarcoma. As SS had high potentials of recurrence and metastasis, we designed two nomograms to predict overall survival (OS) and time to recurrence (TTR) for SS patients.
Methods: The data of 179 SS patients underwent curative surgery were extracted from Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare differences in OS and TTR. Nomograms were created using R software and validated by calibration curves and receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results: Kaplan-Meier curves showed that patients with older age, larger tumors, necrosis, vessel infiltration, higher Ki-67, G3 FNCLCC classification and deeper location had shorter OS and TTR than other patients. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that age and tumor size were independent factors for TTR while tumor size and necrosis were independent factors for OS. Five clinicopathological parameters were adopted to build the nomograms for 3- and 5-year OS and TTR. The Area Under Curve of the nomograms at 3- and 5-year OS reached 0.815, 0.84, respectively, while TTR reached 0.766, 0.777, respectively. Calibration curves further demonstrated considerable consistency between the prediction by our nomograms and actual survival.
Conclusions: Age and tumor size were independent factors for TTR while tumor size and necrosis were independent factors for OS. Under such circumstances, we established two accurate and practicable nomograms which could predict 3- and 5-year OS and TTR for SS patients, which might be instructive for modern medical decision-making process.
Fluoride – influenced presynaptic and MAPK – mediated TrkB signaling alterations, induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Gopalan Jayanthi , Venkatramanan Akshaya
Published: January 2023

Fluoride (F), an inorganic substance, is everywhere in the environment. Fluoride exposure is caused mainly by geogenic sources, such as drinking wells and deep soil water. Excess fluoride-containing water usage for many years may cause neurotoxic damage. The mechanism underlying the neurotoxicology of endemic fluorosis remains obscure. Fluoride crosses the blood-brain barrier and accumulates within neurons. In our study, chronic exposure to fluoride-induced epileptogenesis in neuroblastoma (SK-N-SH) cells was followed with tools like Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Synapsin 1 (SYN 1) protein expression. SK-N-SH cells were incubated with fluoride water (1 mg/L and 6 mg/L) for 24 h in-vitro. Prolonged ingestion of fluoride causes chronic fluorosis. Fluoride exposure reduced cell viability gradually from 48 to 96 h. The standard structure of axon spines and dendritic outgrowth in high fluoride water vanished. TrkB activated MAPK/ERK downstream signaling pathway is triggered by increased BDNF protein expression and decreased SYN 1 protein levels observed in fluoride water incubation. Further 96 hours incubation with fluoride-cleared water increased viability of SK-N-SH cells and a normal expression of BDNF and SYN 1 protein levels, suggests that fluoride-blocked BDNF-TrkB pathway might have been replaced by high-levels expression of BDNF protein where incubation medium contains concomitant lowered levels of fluoride. Hypothesis is that scaffold proteins regained normal expression might have influenced conducted normal excitation and transmission could reduce neurotoxic effect or even might control seizures.
O‎n ‎some ‎inequa‎lities ‎from ‎‎positive ‎‎matrices ‎to‎ ‎sector‎ matrices‎‎‎
Authors: ‎Nasiri‎ Leila , Yang Chaojun
Published: January 2023

Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
In the present paper, we discuss some inequalities related to sector matrices such as relative entropy, the Kantorovich inequality and Heron inequality. Among other results, we prove that if A ∈ Mn be such that W(A) ⊆ Sθ and 0 < m ≤ ℜA ≤ M. Then
ℜΦ(A−1) ≤ K(h) sec2(θ)ℜΦ−1(A),
where K(h) = (M+m)2/4Mm with h = M/m is the Kantorovich constant.
Government subsidies, cooperation between land and sea enterprises and profit maximization --Data simulation based differential game study
Authors: Wu Shujuan , Liu Xiaohao
Published: January 2023

Government subsidies are a crucial tool for encouraging cooperation between land and sea enterprises, but it is unclear how to quantitatively distribute these subsidies to ensure the best possible level of cooperation and profit maximization for both. The Nash non-cooperative game, master-slave game, and cooperative game are the three different cooperation modes that are used in the differential game model of government subsidies, which is built using the dynamic framework theory. Simulations are run using the data from two different enterprises, and it is discovered that:(1) Prior to government subsidies, the cooperation efforts and profits of land and sea businesses are at their highest levels under the cooperative game, whereas the profit goal of marine businesses is at its highest level under the master-slave game. (2) After government subsidies, the cooperative efforts of all three cooperative modes are the same, the target profit of land enterprises is maximized by the Nash non-cooperative game, and the target profit of sea businesses is maximized by the master-slave game. The three parties—the sea, the land, and the government—have different demands for the cooperative efforts. (3) Although government cost subsidies can boost the profit maximization of sea and land enterprises, the competitiveness of sea and land enterprises is instead reduced due to the rise in environmental costs, and the financial burden of the government continues to rise, which is not conducive to social development. Thus, it is important to take into account all three parties—the sea, the land, and the government—and it is crucial that government cost subsidies use their subsidy strategy in a way that is reasonable given the circumstances. Government subsidies that boost overall revenue may also influence future subsidy policies.
Biosurfactants from marine bacteria to control anthracnose in Mango Fruits
Authors: Holguín-Sterling Laura C. , Páez Alberto R. , Patiño Albert D. , Gómez-León Javier , Blandón Lina Marcela
Published: January 2023

Anthracnose is one of the most severe post-harvest diseases in mango fruits. Species of the Colletotrichum fungus cause it, affecting the quality of the fruit and, consequently, its commercialization. The current disease handling is based on frequent spraying of synthetic fungicides. However, their extensive and intensive use has disturbed the ecological balance of microorganisms present in the habitat, thus resulting in the development of resistant pathogenic strains, pollution of the environment, and risks to human health. As a handling alternative, extracts from six marine bacteria were evaluated against four Colletotrichum strains. The bacteria Bacillus velezensis INV FIR31, Bacillus subtilis INV FIR48, and Bacillus safensis INV FIR26 inhibited the mycelial growth of the strains by 40, 34, and 21%, respectively. Then, the antifungal activity of the extracellular extract BS57 obtained from B. velezensis INV FIR31 was evaluated in mango fruits of the Hilaza variety inoculated with Colletotrichum strains, obtaining disease percentages control of 42, 89, 91, and 92%. Finally, the lipopeptide Bacillomycin D in the BS57 extract was identified, indicating it was possibly responsible for the antifungal activity. Additionally, the toxicity tests of the extract show low toxicity. The results suggest that the extract obtained from the marine bacterium Bacillus velezensis INV FIR31 is a good resource for developing effective biopesticides that are environmentally friendly and safe for the consumer.
Hybrid Method for Constrained Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Chowdhury Raju , Upadhye Neelesh S
Published: January 2023

In this article, we propose a hybrid Bayesian Optimization framework using an indicator function to solve constrained optimization problems efficiently. In our hybrid method, the revised acquisition function is used to effectively guide the search that explores both the feasible and infeasible regions.We demonstrate the proposed method on five test problems, including two black-box problems, to evaluate the performance of our hybrid method and compare the results to hybrid methods based on Augmented Lagrangian and Log-barrier.
Effective Use of the Hybrid Emergency Room System in the Treatment of Patients with Non-Traumatic Critical Care Diseases: a retrospective, observational study
Authors: Matsumoto Ryo , Yamamoto Yutaro , Kuramoto Shunsuke , Muronoi Tomohiro , Oka Kazuyuki , Shimojo Yoshihide , Kidani Akihiko , Hira Eiji , Watanabe Hiroaki
Published: January 2023

Background
The hybrid emergency room (ER) system can provide resuscitation, computed tomography imaging, endovascular treatment, and emergency surgery, without moving the patient. Although several reports have demonstrated the effectiveness of hybrid ER for trauma conditions, none have demonstrated its usefulness for non-traumatic critical diseases. In this observational study, we aimed to determine the benefits of hyprid ER in the treatment of patients with non-traumatic conditions.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics of patients with non-traumatic conditions treated in a hybrid ER from August 2017 to July 2022. Patients who underwent surgery, endoscopy, or interventional radiology (IR) in the hybrid ER were selected and pathophysiologically divided into a bleeding and non-bleeding group. The severity of illness, transfusion, and prognosis were compared among the groups using Fisher’s exact test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for confirming the relationship among prognosis, transfusion, and hemorrhagic conditions in patients who underwent endoscopy and IR.
Results
Among 726 patients with non-traumatic conditions treated in a hybrid ER system, 50 patients (6.9%) experienced cardiopulmonary arrest at or before admission to the hybrid ER, 301 (41.5%) were in shock, 126 (17.4%) received blood transfusions, 42 (5.8%) died within 24 h of admission to the hybrid ER, and 141 (19.4%) died in the hospital. Of the 726 patients, 39, 122, and 100 underwent surgery, endoscopy, and IR, respectively, in the hybrid ER. In the bleeding group, patients who underwent endoscopy and IR were more in shock and were administered significantly more blood transfusions than those who underwent surgery (endoscopy: p<0.0001 and IR: p=0.0005); however, no difference in prognosis was observed. Multivariate analysis in patients who underwent endoscopy showed a trend toward more in-hospital deaths in non-hemorrhagic conditions than in hemorrhagic conditions (odds ratio=3.833, 95% confidence interval: 0.884–16.621, p=0.073); however, no significant relationship with in-hospital death was observed for any of the adjusted variables.
Conclusion
Hybrid ER may be particularly effective for hemorrhagic conditions requiring endoscopic or IR hemostasis. The combination of diagnosis and treatment without patient transfer and appropriate transfusion strategies in a hybrid ER may improve outcomes in patients with non-traumatic diseases.
The Role of Male Facial Color as a 'Badge of Status' in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)
Authors: Satishchandran Siddharth
Published: January 2023

Sexual selection is driven by two main mechanisms, intrasexual selection and intersexual selection. Classically, elaborate male ornamentation is considered to function as an intersexual signal, in which females choose potential mates on the basis of their conspicuous colouration. However, some studies have shown that male sexual ornamentation may also serve as an intersexual signal of strength or dominance (as ‘badges of status’), mediating conflict between males. Among primates, such signals often comprise bright colouration on the face, scrotum, or chest. The potential function as a badge of status of the dark facial colouration seen in a number of primate species is less explored. In this study of male Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) living in a semi-free ranging enclosure at Trentham Monkey Forest, I predicted that darker faced males would be higher ranked, receive higher rates of submissive behavior, and spend less time with males in close proximity, respectively. I found that male facial colour was not related to rank, rate of submissions received or patterns of proximity to conspecifics. Thus, this work does not support the hypothesis that dark facial colouration serves as an intrasexual badge of status in this species.
Mortality Rate Prediction for Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit Based on APACHE IV
Authors: Moridani Mohammad Karimi
Published: January 2023

One of the important units of the hospital is the intensive care unit, which provides specialized services to patients with acute conditions. In this paper, we introduce an instrument that can improve ICU services to patients, differentiate critical patients, optimize ICU beds, and examine the severity of their disease. To predict the mortality rate, Physiont's database for computing in cardiology challenge (CinC) was used. The survival rate of patients hospitalized in the ICU was 85.33% out of 300. Among the patients, the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) IV scores ranged from 18 to 90, averaging 57.43±18.6. Using the APACHE IV tool, the predicted mortality rate was 24.19%, and the observed mortality rate was 35.67%. Calculations indicated that the average score of APACHE IV for the survivors was 46.84, and for the non-survivors, it was 69.35. As a result, APACHE IV proved to be a valuable tool for nurses and doctors to predict the future conditions of patients and how they will respond to the treatment process.
A Delphi Study to Develop Items of a Social Emotional Screening Instrument for Young Children
Authors:   Korean Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education, Heo Kay-Heoung , Song Seo-Young
Published: January 2023

This study conducted a Delphi study to develop items of a social emotional screening instrument that can identify and screen the social-emotional development of young children birth to 78 months old. First, items and areas were derived through in-depth review of the related literature and previous developed social-emotional instruments. Then, a Delphi panel consisting of 14 professionals and field experts in the early childhood education, early childhood special education, special education, developmental psychology, and medical mental health field provided two times of Delphi analyses. Descriptive statistics for item clarity and item validity, content validity ratio(CVR), degree of consensus, and degree of convergence were analyzed. As a result, a total of 81 items were derived, consisting of 30 items of social interaction, 14 items of self-regulation, 14 items of independence, 10 items of emotional development, 7 items of self-concept, 6 items of challenging behaviors. Lastly, it is suggested that the study is significant in presenting a fundamental data for constructing a valid social emotional screening instrument through Delphi analysis. Future research is suggested to conduct standardisation studies including determining cutoff scores, reliability, and validity.
Modification of nonwoven fabrics with chlorhexidine to impart antibacterial properties
Authors: Lisanevich M. S. , Perushkina E. V.
Published: January 2023

This paper addresses the possibility of modifying the Holofiber® nonwoven fabrics with a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate in order to impart antimicrobial properties, since these materials are planned for medical use, in particular wound dressings. One stage in the development of a wound dressing based on nonwoven Holofiber® involved its impregnation with chlorhexidine by spraying a solution using a spray gun; the solution accumulated on the surface of the nonwoven fabrics in the form of drops. The agent was applied on both sides of samples having dimensions of 210×297 mm. Samples following impregnation were dried to a constant weight. The drying time of Holofiber® VOLUMETRIC P 84 amounted to 10 min. The antibacterial properties of modified nonwoven fabrics were evaluated by the following methods: modified disc diffusion (DDM) method, measurement of antibacterial activity on the surface of plastics and other non-porous materials, ISO-22196. The inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria for Holofiber® nonwoven fabrics treated with 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate solution amounted to 17 mm, which indicates the bactericidal properties of the studied material. In addition, it was confirmed by a decrease in the number of bacteria following the 24-hour incubation of a test microorganism in the presence of a polymer. The percentage of Staphylococcus aureus cell death equalled 99%. These results indicate that the nonwoven Holofiber® fabrics can be treated with a solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% to impart antibacterial properties, since the substance used for treating a sample remains in the material following drying and exhibits an antibacterial effect.
Overview and comparative analysis of digital carbon footprint assessment tools
Authors: Kondrat’eva O. E. , Loktionov O. A. , Kuznetsov N. S.
Published: January 2023

The study provides a review of foreign approaches and basic methodologies for assessing the carbon footprint from individuals and industrial products. The scope of greenhouse gas emissions (1–3) is described taking into account direct, indirect energy and other types, respectively. The article compares digital tools used for assessing the carbon footprint, their advantages, disadvantages, principles of the methodologies used and the range of source data. The key functions, requirements and scope of application for the analogue of the digital carbon footprint assessment tool are determined.
Professional risks of contractor`s workers replacing the hydroelectric unit at Irkutsk hydroelectric power station
Authors: Klypina O. A.
Published: January 2023

The degree of occupational risk is an indicator that should be taken into account when managing the labor protection system. Timely identification of threat and their levels allows you to take measures aimed to reduce and (or) eliminate harmful and dangerous factors, thereby preventing injuries and occupational diseases. When assessing professional risks, jobs and technological operations of own personnel are often taken into consideration. However, the contractor’s personnel involved in the repair, adjustment and reconstruction of equipment is also exposed to dangers. According to the statistics on injuries at the energy enterprises of Irkutsk region for 2021, engineering companies account for the largest number of accidents. Based on a scoring with a 5x5 risk matrix, the study determined the level of occupational risks of contractor’ employees replacing the hydroelectric unit at Irkutsk HPP. The results can be used to identify measures required to reduce the level of risks to average (permissible) values.
Forecast of the operational situation in fire extinguishing in the new building of Irkutsk perinatal center
Authors: Pozdnyakov A. A. , Kashin A. N.
Published: January 2023

The protection of maternity hospitals and perinatal centers in Russia from fires is a crucial problem associated both with the functions of these institutions and their insufficient funding. The main factors affecting the safety of people in a fire are actions of firefighters and medical staff. The aim of the study is to develop measures aimed to improve the efficiency of fire-fighting units in extinguishing fires in maternity hospitals and perinatal centers using the example of the new building of Irkutsk perinatal center. The methods for predicting the operational situation in a fire and determining the volume of forces and means of firefighting formations were used. Based on the results, a forecast for the development of the most dangerous fire at Irkutsk Perinatal Center was created, and the volumes of technical equipment and the number of fire-fighting staff required to save people, extinguish the fire and protect neighboring premises were determined. The fire extinguishing schemes were developed. Organizational and technical measures aimed to improve the efficiency of evacuation of patients and medical staff were proposed. The need to develop a code of rules meeting the fire safety requirements was emphasized. The code should establish standards for means used for saving people and fire protection systems in the design, construction, overhaul, reconstruction and operation of maternity hospitals and perinatal centers.