bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Technique of Centrifugal Load Loading on a Tail Rotor Shaft Fatigue Life Test
Authors: Lin Li Sheng
Published: August 2011

Tail Rotor Shaft (TRS) is a critical part in Helicopter Transmission System, and its loads are very complicated. This tail rotor shaft is made up of Hub and shaft, which incorporate structure design method used. During the flight, tail rotor shaft should suffer a type of large centrifugal load, due to three high-speed circumrotating. And the life of tail rotor shaft should be affected by the centrifugal load. This article discusses a method that considering the complicated structure of a tail rotor shaft, a set of special centrifugal load applying device and multi-load coordination fatigue test technology are used and carried out the centrifugal load applying triumphantly.
Dynamic Optimization Design of a Warship’s Gearbox Based on FEM
Authors: Xue Yan Hua , Li Xiao Hong , Wang Zhi Guang , Song Jie
Published: August 2011

The transmission system of warship’s gearbox is increasingly developing in the direction of high-speed, high-efficiency, heavy-load and light-weight, and the requirements of vibration are increasing as well. The gearbox designed according to static standard often has various problems of instability and vibration which greatly weaken the behaviors of gearbox and influence the invisibility performance of warship seriously. To improve the vibration characteristics of gearbox, vibration modal analysis of a warship’s gearbox is studied based on FEM. In order to avoid resonance in transmission, double-frequency dynamic optimization design of a gearbox is studied and discussed. The method and conclusions can be used as a reference of design of warship’s gearbox.
Temperature Field and Residual Stress Analysis of the Gear on CO2 Laser Welding Process
Authors: Luo Jian , Li Fei , Xue Ke Liang , Liu De Jia , Zhang Hai Wei
Published: August 2011

The welding technique is one of important technologies on the gear manufacturing process. The special welding temperature cycle is the basic conditions of the welding residual stress appearance in the gear. The large welding residual stress will create the large deformation after the gear welding, which will affect the gear service behavior. In this paper, the finite element method has used to simulate the gear laser welding process. The temperature field and residual stress has described. The research results show that the biggest residual compressive stress appears on the transverse direction of welding region. In the longitudinal direction, the biggest residual tensile stress appears on both sides of the welding seam line. When the laser welding power is 2.4 kW and welding speed is 20mm/s, the no apparent welding deformation’s 20CrMnSi gear can be achieved really.
Study on Loads of Accelerated Contact Fatigue Testing and its Application
Authors: Zuo Huang , Zhang Yue Chun , Liu Ping , Wang Wen , Xiong Shun
Published: August 2011

For reducing the development time and cost, determining the load of accelerated contact fatigue testing of a multi-case and multi-stage drive train, multilevel design load method was used to calculate the pitting equivalent loads of gears according to the load spectrum. A reasonable load of pitting fatigue testing was determined after analyzing and studying the pitting equivalent loads of gears. Based on a reducer used for a cement mixer, the pitting equivalent loads of gears were calculated, and the load of pitting fatigue testing was determined. The damage ratios of gears were calculated by the pitting equivalent loads of gears and the testing load, separately, using software MASTA. The results from the load of pitting fatigue testing and the testing load were coincident.
Numerical Analysis of Concave-Slab Type Water Lubricated Rubber Alloy Bearings’ Lubrication
Authors: Wang Jia Xu , Han Yan Feng , Zhou Guang Wu , Xiao Ke , Qin Yi , Wu Song
Published: August 2011

By using ADINA’s fluid-structure interactions solver, 2-D numerical simulation for the lubrication performance of Concave-slab type water lubricated rubber alloy bearing was carried out under low rotating speed conditions. Then the pressure distribution, line load of the water lubricating film and the elastic deformation of slat-rubber lining were all obtained through the simulation.
A Load Spectrum Method for Multi-Stage Planetary Transmission
Authors: Hu Cong Fang , Tan Yuan Qiang
Published: August 2011

An improved method to design equivalent load for multi-stage planetary was introduced in this paper on the basis of methodology for determining the equivalent torque. A multi-stage nominal-load representation of designing equivalent load for load spectrum on each stage was proposed. Compared with traditional single-stage nominal-load method of a gearbox for wind turbine pitch control, it was showed there was an effectiveness and reasonableness of the proposed method in this paper. A testing rig was set up for a pitch drive which it was designed by the multi-stage nominal-load method. A lot of experiments were carried out, and the excellent performances of the pitch drive were showed. From the result, it can be seen that this improved method was feasible.
Stress Analysis of the Skewed-Roller Slipping Clutch Based on Frictional Contact and Dynamic Equilibrium
Authors: Feng Ming , Yan Guang Rong
Published: August 2011

As a novel power transmission component, the skewed–roller slipping clutch (SRSC) produces resisting torque depending on relative rotation and sliding between askew arranged cylindrical rollers and specially curved races. In this paper, the surface contact stress and von Mises stress between the rollers and the races are calculated and the effects of roller profile modification on reducing stress concentration are investigated under frictional contact and dynamic equilibrium of the rollers and races.
Study on General Principle for Structure Fatigue Substantiation of Helicopter Transmission Systems
Authors: Hu Baian
Published: August 2011

On the base of reading up the latest overseas certification specifications and integrating the experience of engineering practice, the requirement for structure fatigue substantiation of helicopter transmission system was expounded, and the related key concepts were explained in detail. Furthermore, the general method for structure fatigue substantiation was presented. Thus, the frame of general principle for structure fatigue substantiation of helicopter transmission systems was basically founded.
Analysis on Deformation and Relieving of Spline in 1.5MW Wind Turbine Gearbox
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhang Li Yong , Bao Yin He , Gao Fei , Wang Cong
Published: August 2011

For the sun gear shaft in wind turbine gearbox, the deformation will occur on the inner spline because of the thermal inserting of ring gear. So, the spline pair should be tooth relieved to avoid decrease of backlash and conflict of copulate parts. Based on the finite element analysis results, the deformation caused by the thermal inserting on the inner spline was calculated, and the theoretical tooth relieving curve was got. The practical thermal inserting deformation on the spline was measured. And the results indicate that the measuring deformations are in good consistency with the deformation calculated by finite element analysis method. The spline deformation and tooth relieving calculation method can provide a reference for the tooth relieving of the spline on long structure sun gear shaft in 1.5MW wind turbine gearbox.
An Adaptive Ant Colony Algorithm Improved and Simulation
Authors: He Yue Shun , Li Xiang
Published: August 2011

Ant colony algorithm is a new evolutionary algorithm, Ant colony algorithm is widely used to solve combinatorial optimization problems, But the ant colony algorithm has slow convergence speed and prone to stagnation phenomenon. This paper presents an evolution strategy based on adaptive selection and dynamic adjustment to improve ant colony algorithm, the simulation results show that the algorithm performance significantly improved, this method can not only accelerate convergence rate, and save search time, but also can overcome premature stagnation of behavior, and to find a better solution. This is very favorable for solving large-scale optimization problem.
Corrosion Behavior of Super-Hydrophobic Surface on Fe3Al in Seawater
Authors: Wang Ping , Yin Yan Sheng , Liu Tao
Published: August 2011

Self-assembled monolayer of n-tetradecanoic acid (CH3(CH2)14COOH) are formed on the native oxide surfaces of Fe3Al. The structure of the monolayer is probed with contact angle measurement and SEM. The results (indicate) that the structure of the adsorbed film like lotus structure and the contact angle are larger than 150° for seawater. Moreover, the corrosion behavior of bare Fe3Al and Fe3Al with super-hydrophobic surface, with two different surface microstructure, in seawater(pH=8.02), has been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss measurements. Both methods reveal that corrosion rate of Fe3Al with Super-hydrophobic surface sample decreases dramatically because of its special microstructure. These results indicate that the super-hydrophobic surface formed on the Fe3Al can improve corrosion resistance of Fe3Al in seawater significantly.
Influence of Mechanical Behavior of Adhesives on Shear Stress Distributions in the Single-Lap Adhesive Joints
Authors: He Xiao Cong
Published: August 2011

This paper deals with the effects of mechanical behavior of adhesives on the shear stress distributions of single-lap adhesive joints under tension using the three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) technique. Numerical examples are provided to show the influence on the shear stresses of the joints using adhesives of different characteristics which encompass the entire spectrum of viscoelastic behavior. FEA solutions of the shear stress distributions in the adhesive layer have been obtained for four typical characteristics of adhesives. The results indicate that Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratios of adhesives strongly affect the shear stress distributions of the joints.
Preparation and Dispersion of Polyacrylamide-Grafting Graphene
Authors: Wu Li Li , Lv Xiang , Zhang Chao Can
Published: August 2011

Graphene has weak interface compatibility to its solvent, and it is easy to get agglomeration in the solvent. In this paper, graphehe is modified by grafting method to improve the aqueous dispersion. Oxidized graphene is firstly prepared by modified Hummer’s method and supersonic exfoliation. Then oxidized graphene is grafted by hydrophilic polymer polyacrylamide (PAM) and deoxidized into modified graphene. The product is characterized by TEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and sedimentation test. And the result demonstrates a modified graphene is successfully synthesized and its compatibility to the media is enhanced as assumption. When the ratio between PAM and graphene is 1:10, the suspension absorbance is improved as twice as common graphene’s. Meanwhile the concentration of graphene in suspension can reach 0.05mg/ml without any agglomeration.
The Research of Fired Grain Slag Brick
Authors: Yu Yan Zhen , Tan Juan , Gao Long Long
Published: August 2011

The fired brick with grain slag-the yellow river sludge-coal gangue is a reasonable economic and practical brick with all wastes. This paper introduces the grain slag brick using grain slag, the yellow river sludge and coal gangue as the raw material, we use pressing and the traditional fired process. Finally we get the grain slag brick which can satisfy the demands of MU30 grade in the standard of GB5101- 2003.
Investigations of Adsorption of 1-Dodecyl-3-Methyl Imidazolium Chloride on Iron Surface as Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Zhao Qi , Pei Mei Shan , Guo Wen Juan , Wang Sheng Nian
Published: August 2011

1-dodecyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([C12mim]Cl) was adsorbed on iron surface to form an inhibitive film. The adlayer inhibited the metal corrosion in 0.2 M H2SO4 efficiently. The inhibitive effect of [C12mim]Cl was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Impedance spectra demonstrated that the values of charge-transfer resistance increased when adding [C12mim]Cl into 0.2 M H2SO4. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing the concentration of [C12mim]Cl. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the corrosion of iron surface had been inhibited by [C12mim]Cl.
Biomimetic Hemocompatible Nanofibrous Scaffolds as Potential Small-Diameter Blood Vessels by Bilayering Electrospun Technique
Authors: Wang He Yun , Feng Ya Kai , Zhao Hai Yang , Xiao Ruo Fang , Guo Jin Tang
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we prepared a scaffold composed of a polyurethane (PU) fibrous outside-layer and a gelatin-heparin fibrous inner-layer with mimicking morphology and mechanical properties of a native blood vessel by sequential bilayering electrospinning technology on a rotating mandrel-type collector. The scaffolds achieved the appropriate breaking strength (3.7 ± 0.13 MPa) and elongation at break (110 ± 8%). When the scaffolds were immersed in water for 1 h, the breaking strength decreased slightly to 2.2 ± 0.3 MPa, but the elongation at break increased up to 145 ± 21%. Heparin was released from the scaffolds at substantially uniform rate until the 9th day. The scaffolds were expected to mimic the complex matrix structure of native arteries, and had good hemocompatibility as an artificial blood vessel owing to the heparin release.
Flexible and Ordered Macroporous PMMA Polymers Films
Authors: Deng Li Er , Wang Yong Sheng , Fu Ming
Published: August 2011

The ordered colloidal crystals were prepared by sedimentation of a solution of silica colloidal spheres of 298nm. Colloidal crystals were obtained after evaporation at 50°Cfor eight days while solution evaporates. These colloidal crystals were used to be templates and MMA was filled in the gap of silica spheres. SiO2/PMMA structures with a overlayer of PMMA were obtained by polymerization reaction carried out at 80°C for 24 h. After etched with the hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 24h, a piece of bluish violet film can be obtained. The film is flexible and free-standing and is enough tough to be curled to various shape. This kind of film can extend the usage of macroporous structures and have various potential applications in flexible photoelectronic device.
The Influence of Solvent Metal Microstructure on Synthetic Quality of Diamond Single Crystals
Authors: Fan Xiao Hong , Xu Bin , Gao Cai
Published: August 2011

Diamond single crystals are synthesized using artiﬁcial graphite as carbon source and iron-based alloy as catalyst in a cubic anvil apparatus at high temperature and high pressure (HPHT). Four kinds of catalysts at different synthetic times are adopted in synthetic process. After synthesizing the microstructure of the solvent metal samples are characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that when the synthetic quality is relatively superior, the more primary lathy cementites are well distributed and shows parallel growth of the stripe beams. Besides, the edge of the cementite is more even. So the synthesis time and catalyst composition commonly influence the solvent metal microstructure, especially the quantity and shape of cementite.
Influence on Activation Property of Calcined Coal Gangue by [SO4]2+
Authors: Gong Chen Chen , Li Dong Xu
Published: August 2011

Coal gangue and limestone were used as raw materials with fluorite and gypsum as the mineralizer. The activation mechanism of calcined coal gangue with calcium and the pore structure of its hydrating slurry are discussed. The experimental results show that during calcinations F- and [SO4]2- come into the framework and react deeper with CaO at 850-950°C to create hydraulic-activity C12A7 and C2S. Pore structure analysis of the hydrating slurry indicates that adding gypsum and fluorite into coal gangue is more propitious to strengthen the slurry and optimize the pore distribution than only of gypsum.
Photocatalytic Property of Amorphous WO3 Films Prepared by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Huang Jia Mu , Liu Yuan Yuan , Wan Guang Pei
Published: August 2011

WO3 films were deposited on glass substrates by magnetron sputtering at room temperature. Single factor method was employed to investigate the effect of sputtering parameters (sputtering power, oxygen flow and depositing time) on the photocatalytic properties of WO3 films. The crystalline structure and surface microtopography of WO3 film were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Scanning Tunneling Microscope respectively. The results show that the WO3 films are amorphous, and the photo-degradation rate of WO3 films for methylene blue reaches the peak value of 83.3% when the film was deposited under the conditions that the sputtering power was 80W, the oxygen flow was 15SCCM and the depositing time was 60min. The thickness threshold value for WO3 photocatalytic films is 632nm. When the thickness of the WO3 films is less than the threshold value, the photocatalytic degradation activity aggrandizes with the increase of film thickness, and then becomes steady when the thickness exceeds 632nm.
Synthesis and Characterization of Silicone Based Pressure Sensitive Adhesive
Authors: He Min , Zhang Qiu Yu , Guo Ji Ying
Published: August 2011

The MQ silicone resin was synthesized by using chlorotrimethylsilane and tetraethyl orthosilicate and its structure was analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 29Si-nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography. The silicone based pressure sensitive adhesive was obtained by condensation polymerization between the MQ resin and methyl silicone rubber terminated with hydroxyl group. The structure of the adhesive was characterized by FTIR, and its thermal properties were investigated via thermogravimetic analysis. The results show that the MQ resin successfully had a condensation polymerization reaction with the silicone rubber. The pressure sensitive adhesive had excellent tack, peel strength and high temperature resistance properties.
Fabrication of Condenser Microphones on Silicon on Insulator Wafer
Authors: Hishinuma Shinsuke , Kimori Naoki , Kumai Yuichiro , Oku Kouki , Takahashi Tetsuya , Irokawa Daiki , Sugizaki Emiko , Watanabe Naoki , Ikehara Tsuyoshi , Maeda Ryutaro , Nishioka Yasushiro
Published: August 2011

A silicon condenser microphone on an SOI (silicon on insulator) substrate using only one photo mask was fabricated. This microphone consists of a diaphragm with the thickness of 20 μm and the diameter of 2 mm, a SiO2 insulative spacer (4-μm-thick buried oxide), and a 450-μm-thick silicon back plate with the meshed structures having extremely small (60 μm) hexagonal shaped acoustic holes. The gap between the 20-μm-thick silicon diaphragm and the back plate is 4 μm, which is determined by the thickness of the buried oxide in the SOI wafer. This microphone was confirmed to function as a static pressure sensor. The SOI microphone was also connected to an amplifier circuit, and exposed to the sound pressure of 110 dB at the frequency of 1 kHz. The microphone clearly responded to the input sound, and the output ac voltage of approximately 40 V was detected.
Preparation and the Blood Compatibility of Titanium Oxide Nanorod Arrays
Authors: Luo Ping , Huang Zhan Yun , Chen Di Hu
Published: August 2011

In this work, titanium oxide nanorod arrays were fabricated by using the hydrothermal method on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass. The diameter of the nanorods could be controlled from 150 nm to 30 nm by changing the growth parameters. The surface morphology and the structure of the samples were characterized by SEM and XRD. The wetting properties were identified by contact angle measurement. Platelet attachment was investigated to evaluate the blood compatibility of the samples with different nanoscale topographies. Results show that the nanotopographical surfaces perform outstanding blood compatibility, and the adhering platelet decreased with the increasing diameter of the nanorods.
Study on Novel Method to Measure Luminescence Time Interval Between the Initial and Terminal of Light Emission in Frequency Domain
Authors: Huang Jin Zhao , Ma Qian Li , Liu Ru Xi , Wang Pei Ji
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a novel method to measure the luminescence time interval between the initial and terminal of light emission in frequency domain is proposed. Under the condition that the time of excitation pulse is equal to the luminescence time interval between the initial and terminal of light emission, the energy of excitation is complete dynamically balanced by the light emission and the maximum luminescence intensity can be achieved. So the luminescence time interval between the initial and terminal of light emission can be expressed as (is the driving frequency which is corresponding to the maximum luminescence intensity). The luminescence time interval between the initial and terminal of light emission () of Alq3 (Tris-(8-quinolinolato)aluminum) is [s] measured using the novel method.
Dislocation Configurations in Single-Crystal Superalloys during High-Temperature Low-Stress Creep
Authors: Zhang Jian Xin , Harada Hiroshi
Published: August 2011

Dislocation configurations in two single-crystal superalloys during high-temperature low-stress creep (1100°C, 137 MP) were illustrated schematically with the use of transmission electron microscope (TEM). For an alloy with a small lattice misfit, the dislocations move in the combination of climbing and gliding processes. In the primary stage, the dislocations first move by slip in the g-matrix channels. When they reach the g¢ cuboids, they move by climb along the g¢ cuboid surfaces. In the secondary creep stage, dislocation reorientation in the (001) interfacial planes happens slowly, deviating from the deposition orientation of <110> to the misfit orientation of <100>. For an alloy with a large lattice misfit, the dislocations are able to move smoothly by cross slip in the horizontal g channels. The dislocation reorientation from the deposition orientation of <110> to the misfit orientation of <100> in the (001) interfacial planes can be completed in the primary creep stage.
Study on Microstructure and Properties of New Aluminum-Based Sliding Bearing Alloy
Authors: Zhang Chong Cai , Wu Wei Xing , Wang Quan , Wang Long
Published: August 2011

The paper studied the microstructure and properties of new aluminum-based sliding bearing alloy, which Cu, Ni, Mg, Sn, Ti, B... elements were appropriately added. The as-prepared aluminum alloy was investigated using scan electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the alloy microstructure is α-Al crystalology matrix with Tin and some compounds, contribute to suitable strength, hardness and plastic level for manufacturing whole sliding bearing. All of that are mainly got credit for solid solution strengthening and precipitation hardening. Sufficient soft tin in grain boundary makes the alloy have excellent antifriction performance, anti-seizing.
Dynamic Cell Patterning Technology Based on Photocleavable Molecules
Authors: Nakanishi Jun
Published: August 2011

Dynamic control of cell-substrate interactions is useful for exploring signaling processes involved in cell adhesion and migration as well as patterning heterotypic cells to mimic living tissues. We have developed photoactivatable substrates whose surface was modified with photoreleasable cell-repellent blocking agents. The surfaces are initially non-cell adhesive because of the presence of the blocking agents, but become cell adhesive upon near-UV irradiation of the substrates via the photo-induced desorption of the blocking agents. Here, I overview the developmental process of our photoactivatable substrates and demonstrate their potential uses for bioanalysis.
Fabrication and Tribological Properties of High Temperature Self-Lubrication Composites Prepared by Gas-Pressure Infiltration Technique
Authors: Wang Yan Jun , Wang Bin , Yang Li Ying , Wang Shou Ren
Published: August 2011

Powder metallurgy derived microporous Al2O3/FeCrWMoV metal ceramic preforms were infiltrated with 60Pb40Sn based solid lubricants to create almost fully dense self-lubrication composites. By means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), it was found that 60Pb40Sn-based solid lubricants are well dispersed and embedded in the Al2O3/FeCrWMoV matrix. The friction and wear behaviors of the composites sliding against ZrO2 ceramic from ambient to 800 °C were investigated using a pin-on-disk wear tester.The results showed that the composites exhibited self-lubricating properties at elevated temperatures up to 700 °C. The friction coefficients of less than 0.27 at 600 °C and wear rates of 6×10−6 mm3/N m are obtained when rubbing against ZrO2 ceramic under a normal load of 50 N and a sliding speed of 0.139m/s for 2 hours. The occurrences of lower friction coefficient and plateau in wear rate have been related to the formation of a film of lubricant almost covered entirely the substrate beneath.
The Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of Ti2AlN and Ti2AlN/TiN in Air
Authors: Yan Ming , Chen Yan Lin , Chang Ying , Jiang Jiu Xin , Mei Bing Chu
Published: August 2011

The isothermal oxidation behaviors at 800-1000°C for 20h in air of bulk Ti2AlN and Ti2AlN/TiN were investigated by TG, XRD and SEM coupled with EDS. The oxidation behaviors generally follow the parabolic law. The activation energies of Ti2AlN and Ti2AlN/TiN composite are 614.93 KJ∙mol-1and 541.35 KJ∙mol-1respectively. The antioxidation property of Ti2AlN/TiN composite is better than Ti2AlN. Oxidation process of single-phase Ti2AlN is composed by the outward diffusion of Al3+and Ti4+, and inward diffusion of oxygen. Oxidation process of Ti2AlN/TiN composite consists of two parts: firstly, the oxidation of TiN, the oxidation temperature is 500 °C; the second step is the oxidation of Ti2AlN, carried out mainly in the 800-1000 °C.
Effect of Dissolving of WC/W2C on the Interface Microstructure of Iron Matrix Hardfacing Alloys
Authors: Li Lian Jie , Gui Chi Bin
Published: August 2011

Hardfacing alloys reinforced with WC/W2C on Q235 steel plates were prepared by the method of flux-cored wire TIG and MIG welding. The interface microstructure and carbide morphology were investigated using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of dissolving of WC/W2C on the interface microstructure was discussed. It indicated that the C-W-Fe ternary brittle compound has formed on the interface due to dissolving of WC/W2C and the dissolving degree of the particles by TIG is less than by MIG. Abrasion resistance was evaluated by wet sand rubber wear tests and the wear mechanism was studied. The results show that WC/W2C particles play a key role in improving abrasion resistance.
Formation of SiC-Al Interface in SiC Whisker Reinforced Al Composite
Authors: Wei Hong Mei , Xu Hong Yu , Geng Lin , Huang Yu Dong
Published: August 2011

Crystallization behavior of melt aluminum on the surfaces of SiC whisker (SiCw) was analyzed based on the consideration to obtain the SiC-Al interfaces with the lowest energy in SiCw/Al composite. The interfacial structure was investigated to determine whether a specific orientation relationship exists between SiC and Al. Analysis results indicate that four kinds of orientation relationships possibly exist between SiC and Al when only the <110> crystal direction of the aluminum is considered as the firstly formed crystal direction along the concave joint line of <110> of the SiC whisker. Interfacial atom match bonding models were set up in theory and one kind of crystal orientation relationship has been proved by our previous experimental result.
Study on the Microbial Hydrolysis of Maize Straw and the Water Reducing Properties of the Hydrolysate
Authors: Wang Yuan Xiu , Zhang Gui Xiang , Song Xiao Yan , Sun Na Xin , Li Yu Mei , Wang Hui Zhong
Published: August 2011

A two-step fermentation procedure for maize straw hydrolysis by Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trichoderma and Aspergillus nigerwere investigated in this study. 2 mL of P. chrysosporium (107spores/mL) wasadded to 50 mL medium for the first fermentation stage. The optimal culture conditions were 28°C of culture temperature, 4.0 of pH, 8 days of culture time, 2 mL of Trichoderma suspensions (107spores/mL) and 1 mL of A. niger suspensions (107spores/mL) of the inoculums size on the second fermentation stage. Under the optimal conditions, the crude degradation rate achieved 48.2%. Via sulfonation, oxidate-lignosulfonate alkali lignin (OLAL) was achieved from maize straw hydrolysate(MSH).OLAL and MSH can be partial substitution for common water reducers and OLAL was more efficient compared to that of MSH.
Research on High Performance Sulfoaluminate Cement Underwater Non-Dispersed Concrete
Authors: Zhang De Cheng , Xu Dong Yu , Cheng Xin
Published: August 2011

Sulfoaluminate cement, non-ionic polyacrylamide and sulfamate high-effective water reducing agent were used as main raw materials to fabricate concrete. The adhesive performance of high performance sulfoaluminate cement underwater non-dispersed concrete and its influence on water quality in surrounding water areas were studied. The compressive strength ratio of concrete cast in water and in air was also determined. The results show that mortar and concrete using non-ionic polyacrylamide as adhesion agent has many advantages such as superior underwater anti-washout properties, little pollution to water quality in the surrounding water areas and obvious early strength. Furthermore, the compressive strength ratio of concrete cast in water and in air is also up to the required standard.
Influence of Species of Manufactured Sand on Basic Performances of Mortar
Authors: Wang Yu Li , Liu Su Xia , Wang Wei Dong , Zhao Yu Jie
Published: August 2011

The influences of sand-cement ratio on bulk density, fluidity, compressive strength, flexural strength of mortar of river sand, limestone manufactured sand (MA), quartzite MA, granite MA were studied compresively in the paper. The results show that bulk density of mortar reaches to maximum if sand-cement ratio of mortar of river sand is 2.73 and the ratios of mortar of manufactured fine sands are all 3.0. The fluidity of mortars of river sand and limestone MA are better than those of quartzite MA and granite MA. Sand-cement ratios of mortars with maximum strength are equal to that with maximum bulk density. The sequence of compressive strength is limestone MA, quartzite MA, river sand, granite MA from high to low, and that of flexural strength is limestone MA, quartzite MA, granite MA, river sand.
Influence of Helix Angle in Low Immersion Milling Forces and Stability Analysis: down-Milling, up-Milling and Slotting
Authors: Masud Akhtar Muhammad , Huang Xiang , Chen Wen Liang , Lin Zi Xiong
Published: August 2011

Chatter is the most obscuring phenomenon and significant amount of research has been documented regarding prediction, control and elimination of chatter. Chatter is still a main hindrance in achieving good surface finish and productivity. This paper presents the influence of helix angle of milling cutter in down-milling, up-milling and slotting operation. Altintas multi-frequency solution (MFS) is advanced by adding the impact of helix angle in milling forces. A comparison is made for stability lobes diagram based on the helix angle model for different helix angles against the Altintas multi-frequency solution model (MFS) and zero order approximation (ZOA) model. The comparison shows that for small helix angle the stability lobes follow the Altintas (MFS) model and for high helix angle the stability lobes follow the Altintas (ZOA) model. The experimental results prove the simulations. Introduction
Research on Some Key Issues of Dynamic Simulation for Workflow Process
Authors: Fu Li Na , Hao Ke Gang
Published: August 2011

The method of analyzing capability and verifying correctness for workflow process is divided in static check and dynamic simulation. The focus of the paper is to test and analyze workflow process by means of dynamic simulation, further to confirm that a process will do appropriate things at appropriate time by appropriate resources. The paper will research some key issues in process simulation——setting up simulation environment, the algorithm for arranging events in a queue based on path coverage rule, analyzing simulation results. It adopts interactive and non-interactive means and makes use of white-box and black-box methods to test workflow process on the base of high coverage rate. At last the classification, distribution and trend of process defects will be presented by various simulation results.
Selenium-Containing Curcumin Polymer for Anti-Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Zhu Yi Feng , Neng Jing , He Lei Lei , Tang Hua Dong
Published: August 2011

A new selenium-containing curcumin polymer was synthesized by polycondensation of curcumin with dihydride, polyethylene glycol, and selenium amino acid monomers. The polymer was stable, water soluble, and injectable with a molecular weight of 6.1x104Da. The in vivo anti-liver fibrosis efficacy of the polymer was investigated with Sprague Dawley rats. The results showed the curcumin polymer had strong anti-hepafibrosis activity.
Adsorption Performance for Ag(І) of an Ethoxycarbonyl Thiourea Chelating Resin
Authors: Wang Shuai , Xiao Jing Jing , Zhong Hong , Zhao Gang , Wen Yan Long
Published: August 2011

Effects of initial concentration of Ag(І), concentration of HNO3, contact time and adsorption temperature on adsorption capacities of a novel polystyrene modified ethoxycarbonyl thiourea resin were investigated, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Ag(І) reached 4.11 mmol·g-1. The adsorption kinetics was well fitted Boyd’s diffusion equation of liq·uid film, so the adsorption was controlled by liquid film diffusion. The experimental date fitted Langmuir equation, and the correlation coefficient was close to 1. The positive value of adsorption enthalpy ΔH is indicative of an endothermic process. FT-IR characteristic peaks of ethoxycarbonyl and thiourea groups changed obviously fore-and-aft adsorption, which means that the corresponding functional groups coordinate with Ag during the adsorption process.
Research on the Modification of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) by Glucose via Direct Melt Polycondensation
Authors: Luo Shi He , Yu Shi Qin , Li Jian Xiao , Wang Zhao Yang
Published: August 2011

Directly using L-lactic acid (L-LA) and glucose (Glu) as the starting materials, novel biodegradable material poly(L-lactic acid-co-glucose) [P(L-LA-co-Glu)] was synthesized via direct melt polycondensation. The copolymers P(L-LA-co-Glu)s at different molar feed ratios were characterized by FTIR,1H-NMR, GPC, DSC and XRD. All poly(L-lactic acid) modified by Glu was partly crystalline. And their Mw, Tm, and crystallinity basically increased with the increase of the molar feed ratio n(L-LA) : n(Glu). When n(Glu) : n(L-LA) was 1 : 750, the biggest Mw was 5900 Da, and all Mwcould meet the requirement for drug delivery application.
A Novel Blue-Emitting Phosphor MgAl(PO4)O: Eu2+ for White LEDs
Authors: Xu Yuan Yuan , Song Zhi Guo , Yin Zhao Yi , Zhou Da Cheng , Wang Rong Fei , Li Chen , Qiu Jian Bei
Published: August 2011

A novel blue phosphor based on phosphate host matrix, MgAl(PO4)O doped with Eu2+ was prepared by solid state reaction. The phosphor invariably emits blue luminescence with a peak wavelength at around 450 nm under ultraviolet excitation. The excitation spectrum showed that the phosphor can be efficiently excited by UV-visible light from 250 nm to 420 nm, which is coupled well with the emission of UV LED (350-410 nm). The results indicated that this novel phosphor may become the candidate of blue radiation-converting phosphor for white light emitting diodes in the further.
Optimal Design of Inlet Structure of High-Pressure Tubular Reactor Jacket
Authors: Ji Xiao Hui , Liu Wei
Published: August 2011

Flow characteristic of the desalted water influenced by three inlet structures in different diameter nomal tube, equal diameter nomal tube and tangential tube inlet of the jacketed tube in high-pressure tubular reactor was investigated based on computational fluid dynamics. The results show that the desalted water flow forms a region where the flow velocity is close to zero in the different diameter nomal tube structure and temperature of the desalted water in this region raises notablely. It is also found that the peaks of the shear stress occur at wall inside near inlet of the jacket. The other structures avoid in large extent advent of the former two phenomena and obviously reduce the shear stress value at wall. From the results, the second inlet structure is better than the third and the third better than the first.
The Synthesis and Characterization of SrTiO3 Film Fabricated by Micro Arcoxidation
Authors: Guo Hui Yong , Huang Wen Bo , Li Wen Fang , Zhang Guo Ge , Wang En Fu
Published: August 2011

Pure titanium plates as anode and mixture of solutions containing 0.2M Sr(OH)2and 0.2M NaOH as electrolyte, titanium plates were microarc-oxidated for 10 minutes. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that SrTiO3film was successfully deposited. The MAO film is composed mainly of tetragonal SrTiO3phases and found to possess high dielectric constant of 371.0 at the frequency of 1 kHz. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and portable roughness tester were used to characterize the surface morphology and roughness values(Ra), The influences of electrolyte concentration, current density and frequency on the surface morphology of SrTiO3film were investigated in detail . several rules were drawn from the results. A kinetics expression was established for the growth of film thickness and agreed well with the experimental results.
Preparation and Properties of N-ZnS Film/P-Si Heterojunction
Authors: Huang Jian , Wang Lin Jun , Tang Ke , Zhang Ji Jun , Xu Run , Xia Yi Ben , Lu Xiong Gang
Published: August 2011

ZnS films were prepared on silicon (Si) and glass substrates by radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering method. The effect of annealing treatment on the structural and optical properties of ZnS films was studied. The results showed that annealing treatment was helpful in improving the crystalline quality of the ZnS films, and the bandgap was about 3.61eV and 3.49eV for films with and without annealing, respectively. A ZnS/ Si heterojunction diode was fabricated successfully by depositing ZnS films on p-type single-crystalline Si substrates. The electrical and optical property of the device was reported.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of 2-(1H-Imidazo [4,5-] Phenazin-2-yl) Phenol Derivatives
Authors: Lei Ying Jie , Li De Qiang , Ouyang Jie , Shi Ji Xian
Published: August 2011

A convenient one-pot process to synthesize 2-(1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazin-2-yl) phenol derivatives 3a-e with substitute (s) X (X = H, CH3O, CH2OH, Cl, Br) via the reaction of 2-hydroxy aromatic aldehydes with phenazine-2,3-diamines in the presence of manganese(III) acetate at room temperature in 80-85% yield was developed. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet absorption and the fluorescent spectra of these o-hydroxy derivatives of 1H-imidazo[4,5-b] phenazin were measured in methanol. Compared with the dual emission characteristics of 2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl) benzimidazole derivatives, only one fluorescence band with a peak wavelength of 540nm was observed and that the Stokes shifts were around 136-140 nm for 3a-e.
The Study of Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Mg17Al12La0.45
Authors: Pang Li Juan , Chen Yun Gui , Wu Chao Ling , Zhang Xue Feng , Deng Gang
Published: August 2011

Mg17Al12and rare earth improved Mg17Al12La0.45alloys were prepared by resistance melting method. The hydrogen sorption properties of the alloys with and without ball-milling process were investigated with the help of PCT measurements. The phase compositions of the experimental alloys were determined through powder X-Ray diffraction. It is found that the introduction of La and the high energy ball-milling technique could remarkably improve the hydrogen sorption capability of Mg17Al12. For Mg17Al12La0.45alloy, the hydrogen absorption starts at 473K and the hydridying rate increases at each temperature (573K, 523K, 473K) after high energy ball-milling process. The hydrogen desorption capacity of this alloy is 4wt% at 573K. XRD shows that there are two phases Mg17Al12and Al2La0.15Mg0.85after melting and Al2La0.15Mg0.85phase always exists during hydrogen sorption cycles of Mg17Al12La0.45.
Test Method of Fiber Optic Gyroscope Based on Allan Variance
Authors: Zhou Ai Jun , Ren Guang , Zhou Hong Jin
Published: August 2011

Allan variance based spline fit method is designed to determine some key technical specification of fiber optic gyroscope including random walk coefficient, bias stability, rate ramp, quantum noise, rate random walk, and so on. LabView based visualization data collection program is developed to sample the output digital data of KVH E•Core 2000 fiber optic gyroscope. The test results show that the method is good for improving the specification determination accuracy, and can simplify the test flow as well.
Modeling and Analysis of the Transmission Characteristics of a Geared Linkage Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Wei Yang , Pan Cun Yun , Deng Hao , Xu Hai Jun , Chen Hu
Published: August 2011

Twin-rotor piston engine is exceedingly compact, and several times more power dense than conventional IC engines. It is necessary to analyze the transmission characteristics of the special geared linkage mechanism which is used for the power transmission equipment of the engine. Transmission angle is mainly adopted in order to obtain the transmission characteristics. Firstly, the force transmission behavior of one end of the output component is derived through the force analysis of the planet gear. Secondly, the torque transmission angle is proposed based on the multi-point force situation. Lastly, the torque transmission angle is depicted and analyzed in detail through the equivalent composite force graphical method. The result shows that the geared linkage mechanism will not produce counteractive torque to the rotation direction and has no dead point.
Studies on Burning Process of Clinker Used for Corrosion-Resisting Cementitious Material in Fill Mining
Authors: Wang Bing Wen , Zhang Liang , Wang Jian , Wang Zhi Gang , Lü Yi
Published: August 2011

Cemented filling body exposed to acid mine water or high salinity mine water will be subjected to various kinds of physical and chemical attack. In this paper, the burning process of a modified special cement clinker used for corrosion-resisting cementitious material in fill mining is studied by means of TG-DTA, XRD, and chemical method. The main minerals of this kind of clinker are C3S, C2S, C4A3, and C4AF. The optimal firing temperature range of the clinker is from 1300°C to 1380°C, and a suitable amount of F- and SO3 in raw meals is helpful to the coexistence of C3S and C4A3in the clinker.
Kinetics of the Adsorption for Naphthol Green by Epichlorohydrin Modified Peanut Shell
Authors: Song Ying Hua
Published: August 2011

The adsorption of naphthol green by peanut shell, which was chemically-modified by cross-linking with epichlorohydrin was studied with variation in the parameters of contact time and temperature. They were used for equilibrium adsorption uptake studies with naphthol green. The results revealed that adsorption equilibriums were rapidly established in about 3h. Three different kinetic models (i.e.,intraparticular diffusion model, Lagergren-first-order and second-order equations) were used to describe the adsorption kinetic mechanisms. The adsorption of naphthol green on epichlorohydrin modified peanut shell(EMPS) was not controlled by intraparticular diffusion. The kinetic adsorption data can be well simulated by the second-order equation and the adsorption might be rate-limiting controlled. The suitability of the adsorbent was evaluated by fitting the equilibrium data with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which gave good fits with both isotherms.
Design of New Condition Monitoring System and Data Analysis in Large Forging Die Hydraulic Press
Authors: Chen Hui , Tan Jian Ping , Gong Jin Li , Shu Zhao Qiang , Cao Xian Yue , Zhou Ji Neng
Published: August 2011

The mechanical characteristics and extremely hard working conditions of large die hydraulic press are considered. The limitations of traditional condition monitoring method are analyzed. A new condition monitoring system which consists of a digital and non-contact method for measuring column stress and a digital method for measuring moving beam’s spatial altitude based on machine vision is proposed. The basic principle and composition of the system are introduced in detail. The system is applied in 300MN large forging hydraulic press, and large amounts of monitoring data are collected. Data analysis is carried out. The laws of column stress distribution in different working conditions are found out. At last, some recommendations are proposed which is helpful for the safety operation and maintenance of large hydraulic press.
Survey and Evaluation of Concrete Durability for 40 Sluices in Coastal Area, East China
Authors: Chen Bin , Guo Xue Mang , Mao Qian , Fu Zhao Qi
Published: August 2011

Total 40 sluices which are all front-line facing the seas have been surveyed, for the hydraulic concrete durability research in the coastal area. The corrosion and damage of concrete, including cracking, carbonization, chloride-induced corrosion and abrasion have all be counted and analysed. It has been found that the inadequacy of concrete cover ply is quite common and leading to severe reduction for structural durability. The carbonation depth of concrete in coastal area, especially impacted by wind and rain directly, is apparently larger than others. The correlativity between carbonation depth and age of concrete has also been analysed, involved the influence of concrete compressive strength. The chemical attack and biological erosion, according to the survey result, led to relatively light damage to the sluice concrete. In the end of this paper, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE) method has been adopted, for the quality evaluation of sluices concrete structure.
Effect of Airflow on Performance of Splicing Fiber under Different Chamber’s Inlet Pressure
Authors: Wu Zhen Yu , Lin Qing Ze , Hu Xu Dong
Published: August 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of airflow on fiber’s strength under different inlet pressure. A two-parameter numerical mathematic model is developed to describe the airflow in splicing chamber. The simulations are validated against the experimental results regarding fiber’s strength. The flow field survey show that the swirling flow in chamber play a significant role in fiber’s splicing. The strength of splicing fiber is determined by two characteristics of flow, namely, vortices and pressure gradients which both were affected by inlet pressure. When the inlet pressure keep low, the strength of fiber is dominated by vortices of flow, otherwise, pressure gradients push fibers to wall quickly so fibers can not intermingle with each other completely.
Preparation of Terminal Phenolic Hydroxyl Triazine Dendrimer and its Combination Tanning Properties with the Aluminum Salts
Authors: Qiang Xi Huai , Feng Yuan , Zhang Hui , Feng Hong Yan
Published: August 2011

Terminal phenolic hydroxyl triazine dendrimer (HTHP) was prepared by putting cyanuryl chloride and 1,3,5-benzenetriol into acetone and then adding K2CO3 into the mixture as deacid reagent, which is called “One Step Process”. HTHP can be used in the leather tanning process as an additive. The result shows that adding HTHP into leather tanning process can improve the combination tanning property of leather collagen. When we add 10% (based on the mass of pickled skin) of HTHP, the shrinkage temperature of crust is 63.11°C and the mechanism of tanning is same as the vegetable tannin which has abundant of plant polyphenol. When the usage of HTHP is 10% and the aluminum salts is 2.5% (consider the mass of Al2O3), the shrinkage temperature of crust can reach to 82.2°C. It can be concluded that it shows synergism when there are both HTHP and aluminum salts in the process.