bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mobility Model for a 3D Non-Stationary Geometry Cluster-Based Channel Model for High Speed Trains in MIMO Wireless Channels
Authors: Assiimwe Eva , Marye Yihenew Wondie
Published: December 2022

During channel modeling for high-mobility channels, such as high-speed train (HST) channels, the velocity of the mobile radio station is assumed to be constant. However, this might not be realistic due to the dynamic movement of the train along the track. Therefore, in this paper, an enhanced Gauss–Markov mobility model with a 3D non-stationary geometry based stochastic model (GBSM) for HST in MIMO Wireless Channels is proposed. The non-isotropic scatterers within a cluster are assumed to be around the sphere in which the mobile relay station (MRS) is located. The multi-path components (MPCs) are modeled with varying velocities, whereas the mobility model is a function of time. The MPCs are represented in a death–birth cluster using the Markov process. Furthermore, the channel statistics, i.e., the space-time correlation function, the root-mean-square Doppler shift, and the quasi-stationary interval, are derived from the non-stationary model. The model shows how the quasi-stationary time increases from 0.21 to 0.451 s with a decreasing acceleration of 0.6 to 0.2 m/s2 of the HST. In addition, the impact of the distribution of the angles on the channel statistics is presented. Finally, the simulated results are compared with the measured results. Therefore, there is a close relationship between the proposed model and the measured results, and the model can be used to characterize the channel’s properties.
Federated Learning via Augmented Knowledge Distillation for Heterogenous Deep Human Activity Recognition Systems
Authors: Gad Gad , Fadlullah Zubair
Published: December 2022

Deep learning-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems received a lot of interest for health monitoring and activity tracking on wearable devices. The availability of large and representative datasets is often a requirement for training accurate deep learning models. To keep private data on users’ devices while utilizing them to train deep learning models on huge datasets, Federated Learning (FL) was introduced as an inherently private distributed training paradigm. However, standard FL (FedAvg) lacks the capability to train heterogeneous model architectures. In this paper, we propose Federated Learning via Augmented Knowledge Distillation (FedAKD) for distributed training of heterogeneous models. FedAKD is evaluated on two HAR datasets: A waist-mounted tabular HAR dataset and a wrist-mounted time-series HAR dataset. FedAKD is more flexible than standard federated learning (FedAvg) as it enables collaborative heterogeneous deep learning models with various learning capacities. In the considered FL experiments, the communication overhead under FedAKD is 200X less compared with FL methods that communicate models’ gradients/weights. Relative to other model-agnostic FL methods, results show that FedAKD boosts performance gains of clients by up to 20 percent. Furthermore, FedAKD is shown to be relatively more robust under statistical heterogeneous scenarios.
Educational Applications of Non-Fungible Token (NFT)
Authors: Wu Chih-Hung , Liu Chien-Yu
Published: December 2022

With the emergence of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in blockchain technology, educational institutions have been able to use NFTs to reward students. This is done by automatically processing transaction information and the buying and selling process using smart contract technology. The technology enables the establishment of recognition levels and incentivizes students to receive NFT recognition rewards. According to the Taxonomy Learning Pyramid, learning through hands-on experiences plays a crucial role in attracting students’ interest. In this study, we analyzed the potential for using NFTs in education and the current applications of NFTs in society. We conducted a case study and performed a preliminary investigation of the types of NFT applications in the education industry. We then analyzed different education industries using individual analysis combined with SWOT analysis to understand the impact, value, and challenges of NFT applications. The results revealed 10 educational applications of NFT: textbooks; micro-certificates; transcripts and records; scholarships and rights; master classes and content creation; learning experiences; registration and data collection; patents, innovation, and research; art; payment; and deposit. Finally, ways to reduce the negative impact of education NFTs on the sustainable environment are discussed.
Information Services as a Method to Evaluate the Sustainability of Intangible Dimensions of a Historic Urban Landscape: A Case Study in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Wang Siyou , Chen Shaotao , Gao Wei
Published: December 2022

The historic urban landscape (HUL) is the result of the continuous dynamic process of production, interaction, and accumulation. It is full of information from bygone years and remains to this day as a living witness of antiquity and a benefit to the contemporary public, both in mind and spirit. These intangible benefits, however, are easier to overlook than the tangible ones in conservation and management efforts that aim at sustainability. Therefore, we return to the prototype of the category “cultural services” in the ecosystem classification “information service” to evaluate these intangible benefits. The objectives of this study are: (1) to provide a methodological framework to assess the ability of the landscape to continuously provide information services in the historical process; (2) to analyze the drivers affecting HUL’s ability to continuously deliver information services, and then discuss the governance experience of HUL’s intangible dimensions for sustainability. First, we regard HUL as an object to learn from the experience of urban heritage governance: using the methods and tools of ecosystem service evaluation, this paper evaluates the intangible services that the public receives from the landscape over several consecutive historical periods, summarizes the dynamic changes in these services, and analyzes their drivers. Furthermore, we consider that the aforementioned intangible services are brought about in part by the spread of heritage information stored in HUL among specific people, and the continuous provision of information services is considered the sustainability of HUL in intangible dimensions. We use Yuexiu Hill in the center of Guangzhou, China, as a case study to verify the feasibility of our methodological framework by evaluating the information services provided by this ancient area with a construction history of 2000 years over five historical periods. The data needed for the evaluation of the information service was obtained through text mining by retrieving 1063 ancient Chinese poems related to Yuexiu Hill from the poetry database. The results obtained through this evaluation framework will provide a quantitative basis for planning, design, and decision making in small and medium-sized landscapes.
An Analysis of Local Government Financial Statement Audit Outcomes in a Developing Economy Using Machine Learning
Authors: Mabelane Keletso , Mongwe Wilson Tsakane , Mbuvha Rendani , Marwala Tshilidzi
Published: December 2022

Good financial management provides economic stability and sustainability to an organization. It enables an organisation to make good use of its resources and plan effectively. South Africa’s public financial management has deteriorated over time, with only 16% of municipalities receiving a clean audit in the 2020-21 financial period as reported by the Auditor General of South Africa. This work aims to find an appropriate model for analysing and predicting audit outcomes for South African municipalities. The data used in the study include 1560 observations of which 55% were unqualified audit opinions. The features used are 13 financial ratios obtained from financial statements from years 2012 to 2018. Feature selection is performed using random forest, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The performances of three machine learning algorithms are compared; decision tree, artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression models. The findings indicate that ANN is the appropriate model for predicting audit opinions in South African municipalities with overall average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.6918 and overall average area under the Precision–Recall curve of 0.7074 across all feature selection methods. In addition, debt to operating ratio, current ratio and net operating surplus margin are found to be the common three important financial ratios across the various feature selection techniques.
Immersive Journalism: The Effect of System Immersion on Place Illusion and Co-Presence in 360-Degree Video Reporting
Authors: Pérez-Seijo Sara , Vicente Paulo Nuno , López-García Xosé
Published: December 2022

Immersive journalism has been promoted as an alternative way of producing content that allows users to experience first-hand the events depicted in the news story. This mixed-method study examines how immersive journalism impacts the user experience of non-fictional narratives in news practices. A between-subject experiment (n = 104) was conducted to inspect the effects of system immersion on place illusion and co-presence. Using a 360-degree video news report produced by the Spanish newspaper El País as a stimulus, two viewing conditions were compared: magic window and 360 degree with a VR headset. The results show that VR technologies determine the effective potential of immersive journalism, namely the experience of place illusion and co-presence and that audiences do not actually explore the so-called whole picture, as a 90–180° movement for exploration prevailed.
Rapid and Effective Lead Elimination Using Cow Manure Derived Biochar: Balance between Inherent Phosphorus Release and Pollutants Immobilization
Authors: Wang Huabin , Wen Yi , Ding Yu , Yue Zhiqiang , Xu Dan , Liu Ying , Zhang Yong , Xu Rui , Zeng Weiqing
Published: December 2022

Cow manure derived biochar (CMBC) can serve as a promising functional material, and CMBC can be regarded as an ecofriendly approach compared to conventional ones. CM bioadsorbent can be employed for heavy metal immobilization (such as for lead) as well as an amendment to increase soil fertility (e.g., phosphorus). Few studies have examined the surface interactions between pollutants and bioadsorbents when inherent nutrient release is present. In this work, CMBC was prepared and applied for Pb(II) removal, and the vital roles of released phosphorus from CMBC were comprehensively disclosed. Furthermore, CMBC could immobilize part of the Pb(II) in soil and promote plant growth. CM400 was an effective adsorbent whose calculated Qe reached 691.34 mg·g−1, and it rapidly adsorbed 98.36 mg·g−1 of Pb(II) within 1 min. The adsorption mechanisms of Pb(II) by CMBC include ion exchange, physical adsorption, electrostatic attraction, chemical precipitation, surface complexation, and cation–π bond interaction. Based on the residual phosphorus content and adsorption effect, complexation rather than the chemical precipitation had a greater contribution toward adsorption. Besides, as the concentration of Pb(II) increased, the main adsorption mechanisms likely transformed from chemical precipitation to ion exchange and complexation. CMBC not only had a good effect on Pb(II) removal in the solution, but also immobilized the Pb(II) in soil to restrain plant uptake as well as promote plant growth. The main novelty of this work is providing more insights to the cow manure bio adsorbent on Pb immobilization and phosphorus release. This study is expected to serve as a basis and reference for analyzing the release effects of inherent nutrients and the interfacial behaviors with heavy metals when using CMBC and other nutrient–rich carbon–based fertilizers for pollution control.
Different Types of Vaccines against Pestiviral Infections: “Barriers” for “Pestis”
Authors: Yuan Mengqi , Yang Xiaoke , Zhang Xin , Zhao Xiaotian , Abid Muhammad , Qiu Hua-Ji , Li Yongfeng
Published: December 2022

The genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae mainly comprises classical swine fever virus (CSFV), bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV-2, border disease virus (BDV), and multiple new pestivirus species such as atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV), giraffe pestivirus, and antelope pestivirus. Pestiviruses cause infectious diseases, resulting in tremendous economic losses to animal husbandry. Different types of pestivirus vaccines have been developed to control and prevent these important animal diseases. In recent years, pestiviruses have shown great potential as viral vectors for developing multivalent vaccines. This review analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various pestivirus vaccines, including live attenuated pestivirus strains, genetically engineered marker pestiviruses, and pestivirus-based multivalent vaccines. This review provides new insights into the development of novel vaccines against emerging pestiviruses, such as APPV and ovine pestivirus.
A cVLP-Based Vaccine Displaying Full-Length PCSK9 Elicits a Higher Reduction in Plasma PCSK9 Than Similar Peptide-Based cVLP Vaccines
Authors: Goksøyr Louise , Skrzypczak Magdalena , Sampson Maureen , Nielsen Morten A. , Salanti Ali , Theander Thor G. , Remaley Alan T. , De Jongh Willem A. , Sander Adam F.
Published: December 2022

Administration of PCSK9-specific monoclonal antibodies, as well as peptide-based PCSK9 vaccines, can lower plasma LDL cholesterol by blocking PCSK9. However, these treatments also cause an increase in plasma PCSK9 levels, presumably due to the formation of immune complexes. Here, we utilize a versatile capsid virus-like particle (cVLP)-based vaccine platform to deliver both full-length (FL) PCSK9 and PCSK9-derived peptide antigens, to investigate whether induction of a broader polyclonal anti-PCSK9 antibody response would mediate more efficient clearance of plasma PCSK9. This head-to-head immunization study reveals a significantly increased capacity of the FL PCSK9 cVLP vaccine to opsonize and clear plasma PCSK9. These findings may have implications for the design of PCSK9 and other vaccines that should effectively mediate opsonization and immune clearance of target antigens.
Modeling the Groundwater Dynamics of the Celaya Valley Aquifer
Authors: Rubio-Arellano Ana B. , Ramos-Leal Jose A. , Vázquez-Báez Víctor M. , Rodriguez Mora José I.
Published: December 2022

We propose a hydrodynamic simulation model to understand the piezometric operation of the Celaya Valley aquifer. The aquifer is located at the east of Guanajuato State in México. Our proposed model reproduces, under transitory conditions, the performance of the aquifer during the dry season from year 2015 to 2019 and the rainy season from year 2010 to 2015. The simulation was projected for the two seasons up to eleven years ahead and considering only three simulation scenarios (one should bear in mind that there are a number of different and interesting scenarios): trend, pump reduction and pump increase. In general terms, the model accurately reproduces the natural conditions of the aquifer. It is necessary to continue taking measures for the preservation of water; similarly, it is suggested to continue monitoring the aquifer piezometric levels to update the model based on data availability.
Removal of Clostridium perfringens and Staphylococcus spp. in Microalgal–Bacterial Systems: Influence of Microalgal Inoculum and CO2/O2 Addition
Authors: Ruas Graziele , Farias Sarah Lacerda , dos Reis Bruno A. B. , Serejo Mayara Leite , da Silva Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro , Boncz Marc Árpád
Published: December 2022

Conventional biological wastewater treatment systems have a low pathogen removal capacity. Microalgae-based systems are sustainable and low-cost alternatives for wastewater treatment and are capable of removing pathogens from domestic effluents. Other microorganisms have been identified as alternative indicators of disinfection since they have greater resistance than Escherichia coli, either because of the formation of spores or because of other mechanisms of protection, and because they spread in wastewater treatment plants; the most important are Clostridium perfringens and Staphylococcus spp. This study assessed the influence of microalgal strains (e.g., Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus acutus Meyen) and the addition of CO2 and O2 on the removal of C. perfringens and Staphylococcus spp. from domestic wastewater in microalgal–bacterial systems. The removal of C. perfringens (2.5 to 3.2 log units) and Staphylococcus sp. (1.8 to 2.0 log units) was higher when using Chlorella sp. inoculum. The addition of CO2 and O2 did not have a significant effect on the removal of pathogenic bacteria. The main mechanism of C. perfringens removal was by means of toxins and bactericidal substances produced by the microalgae, while Staphylococcus spp. removal also occurred through photooxidative processes.
Quality of life in different phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia, Babanov S. A. , Baykova A. G. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia, Lavrentieva N. E. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia, Strizhakov L. A. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2022

We have carried out a comparative analysis of the indicators of the quality of life of patients with various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma (OBA). In all phenotypes of the disease, the patients had a decrease in both mental and physical health indicators relative to the control group (p<0.001). Notably, the patients with the OBA phenotype with metabolic syndrome demonstrated the worst quality of life indicators. The individuals of this group had the lowest average scores in 6 out of 8 scales of the MOS SF-36 questionnaire, and the reliability of differences was confirmed in 5 scales: those of physical functioning, general health, vitality, social and role functioning, associated with emotional state. The quality of life suffered least of all in patients with non-allergic OBA phenotype: the results of this group were the best among the patients with different disease phenotypes in 5 scales, with 4 scales having significantly higher scores.
The state of the respiratory system of female students by the seasons of the year
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov, Anzorov V. A. , Moryakina S. V. ,   Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov
Published: December 2022

The paper describes the state of the respiratory system of female students by the seasons of the year. According to the assessment of the research results, it can be concluded that the average level of respiratory capacity, expiratory reserve volume, and vital capacity of the lungs undergoes a significant increase, starting from spring and in the sequence of summer, autumn and winter period of the year, while the breathing rhythm slightly decreases. The respiratory rate is maximum at 22.8 breaths per minute in spring and minimum at 17.4 in winter. The respiratory capacity, increasing significantly, reaches the highest value of 0.58 l (P ˂ 0.001) in the winter period of the year, compared to 0.36 l in spring. The inspiratory reserve volume value fluctuates in both directions, reaching 1.22 l in summer and 1.08 l in spring. The average level of expiratory reserve volume has a minimum value of 1.49 liters in spring, while it is higher in other seasons. The vital capacity index is significantly higher in all seasons of the year compared to the spring period. Thus, its value in winter was 4.02 l, and in spring - 2.93. The pulmonary minute volume value is also maximum in the winter period of the year (10.01 l) and minimum in the spring (8.17 l).
Psychosomatic diseases as the basis for the development of thermoneurosis
Authors:   FSBEI HE Volgograd State Medical University, Skvortsov V.V. , Vinogradova M. V. ,   FSBEI HE Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol
Published: December 2022

In the modern world, studying the impact of stress factors on the human body is becoming more and more relevant. Increasingly, medical practice describes conditions associated with a long-term persistent increase in body temperature. The cause of this syndrome can be both infectious and non-infectious factors, however, due to the lack of diagnostic capabilities, making a final diagnosis is not a quick matter. One of the causes of prolonged fever is thermoneurosis, which develops under the influence of various exogenous and endogenous factors on the body. The development of this condition is based on circadian rhythm disorders, which lead to an imbalance in the internal processes of the body. This article describes the pathogenesis of thermoneurosis, its causes, and the consequences of this condition.
Cardiac disguise of hypothyroidism
Authors:   FSBI National Medical Research Center of Endocrinology, Moscow, Petrukhin A. B.
Published: December 2022

Clinical and instrumental manifestations of damage to the cardiovascular system in thyroid diseases have been studied and usually do not raise questions in a diagnosed endocrine disease [1]. However, if thyroid dysfunction is superimposed on an existing disease of the cardiovascular system, it can significantly complicate the diagnosis, affect the course of the disease, and, if not recognized, aggravate the prognosis. Clinical manifestations of hyper- and hypothyroidism have practically no specific features and can occur in many diseases of the internal organs. Patients with these conditions can contact a cardiologist due to the development of cardiac arrhythmias, a gastroenterologist — because of dyspeptic syndrome and stool disorders, a hematologist — for anemia [2]. We present two cases of hypothyroidism in patients hospitalized in the cardiology department.
Issues of standardization of corporate reporting on sustainable development: Russian and foreign directives and recommendations
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Plekhanov Russian University of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, N.S. Plaskova N.S. Plaskova
Published: December 2022

The article contains an overview of the existing regulations for the formation of corporate reporting on sustainable development. The experience of using standards and methodological recommendations for the disclosure of non-financial information about the activities of companies is summarized. A comparative analysis of international approaches to structuring the content and format of corporate reporting, revealing the effectiveness and risks of economic, environmental and social components in the management system of business entities, is carried out. An expanded list of performance indicators for disclosure in sustainable development reporting is presented, taking into account the provisions of the regulations proposed by the Russian professional community of entrepreneurs., environmental and social components in the management system of business entities.
Directions for improving the efficiency of Russian oilfield service companies
Authors:   IP Marchenkova V.O., Ivanovo region, Russia, Marchenkova V.O.
Published: December 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the main directions of increasing the efficiency of Russian oilfield service companies in the context of the coronavirus pandemic against the background of the current unstable geopolitical situation in the world.
Determination of Energy Usage and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Lavender Production
Authors: Demir Cihan , Gökdoğan Osman , Firat-Baran Mehmet
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to reveal the energy usage and greenhouse gas emission in lavender production. The study has been conducted in 2022 in Center district of Kırklareli province in Turkey and covers the 2021-2022 production seasons. Agricultural inputs and outputs were calculated to calculate the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in lavender production. According to the research results, the inputs are 5883.39 MJ ha-1 (59.30%) farmyard manure energy, 2425.51 MJ ha-1 (24.45%) diesel fuel energy, 732.02 MJ ha-1 (7.38%) chemical fertilizers energy, 421.89 MJ ha-1 (4.25%) machinery energy, 276.70 MJ ha-1 (2.79%) human labour energy, 97.31 MJ ha-1 (0.98%) transportation energy and 84.81 MJ ha-1 (0.85%), vermicompost energy, respectively. Total input and output energy were calculated as 9921.63 MJ ha-1 and 12859.77 MJ ha-1, respectively. Energy use efficiency (EUE), specific energy (SE), energy productivity (EP) and net energy (NE) were calculated as 1.30, 2.86 MJ kg-1, 0.35 kg MJ-1 and 2938.13 MJ ha-1, respectively. The total energy input can be classified as 27.24% direct, 72.76% indirect, 62.94% renewable and 37.06% non-renewable. GHG ratio value was calculated as 0.08 kg CO2-eqkg-1 in lavender production.
Actividad antioxidante de la bebida funcional del extracto de tallo de Oxalis tuberosa Mol. y jugo de Gaultheria glomerata (Cav.) Sleumer tratado térmicamente
Authors: Ore Areche Franklin , Muñoz Ccencho Rosmery Verónica , Ruiz Rodríguez Alfonso , Corilla Flores Denis Dante
Published: December 2022

Los alimentos funcionales se encuentran en diferentes consistencias o formulaciones, básicamente se pueden encontrar liquida y polvo. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el efecto del jugo del tallo de Oxalis tuberosa Mol. “oca” y el jugo del fruto de Gaultheria glomerata (Cav.) Sleumer “laqa-laqa” en la capacidad antioxidante de la bebida funcional. Los tallos de “oca” y el fruto de “laqa-laqa” se recolectaron para obtener el jugo. Se formularon tres tratamientos (B1, B2 y B3) con dos repeticiones cada uno, con diferentes concentraciones de jugo de “oca” y “laqa-laqa”, a los cuales se realizó una evaluación sensorial con 30 panelistas semi entrenados, en la evaluación se determinó que el tratamiento B2 (300 ml de jugo de tallo de “oca”, 800 ml de jugo de “laqa-laqa”, 1000 ml de agua tratada y 220 g de azúcar refinada) obtuvo mayor puntación para todos sus atributos (color, olor, sabor y apariencia general), el cual fue sometido a una evaluación fisicoquímica. Los resultados obtenidos fueron 89,50 de humedad,1,38 de proteína, 1,08 de grasa, 1,82 de ceniza y 6,22 de carbohidratos, mientras que Energía total: 40,13 kcal/100 g, Polifenoles totales: 1825,13 mg de ácido gálico/100 g y Actividad Antioxidante: 89,56% ?mol de trolox/100 g. estos resultados demuestran que es una bebida alto en energía con buena actividad antioxidante, lo cual es recomendable su consumo por las personas que se encuentran en constante actividad física.
Agua por suero de leche y su influencia en la ganancia de peso en cuyes (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Escobar Ramírez Felipe , Hinojosa Benavides Rene Antonio , Espinoza Ochoa Teodoro , Yzarra Aguilar Adelfa , Espinoza Quispe Carlos Enrique
Published: December 2022

En la crianza de cuyes, la alimentación representa el 80% de los costos de producción, que al irse encareciendo dificultan la adecuada provisión de nutrientes, con su subsecuente decaimiento del potencial productivo. Por ello, el estudio busca evaluar la influencia del suero de leche sobre nivel de consumo, ganancia de peso y conversión alimenticia en cuyes. Se trabajó con 36 cuyes machos de tres semanas de edad, 333 g de peso vivo en promedio, raza Perú, los que fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en tres tratamientos, cuatro repeticiones de tres cuyes cada una, alimentados con alfalfa (Medicago sativa) + concentrado, ración base que se complementó para tratamiento 1, con agua potable; tratamiento 2, con suero de leche; y tratamiento 3, con agua potable + suero de leche. Durante ocho semanas se evaluó el consumo de alimento, realizando el análisis de varianza correspondiente a un diseño completamente al azar. El consumo de suero de leche solo o en adición al agua, mejora la ganancia de peso y la conversión alimenticia; el incremento de peso (750 y 729 g) en los tratamientos 2 y 3, estadísticamente similares entre sí, fueron superiores (P?0.05) al incremento (622 g) en el Tratamiento 1; la conversión alimenticia de 3,4 y 3,8 en estos tratamientos resultaron superiores (P?0.05) a 5,2 del tratamiento 1. Se concluyó que, sobre el nivel de consumo de alimento, el suero de leche no ejerce influencia; mediante su complemento solo o en adición al agua, se disminuye costos de producción y el periodo de engorde.
Challenges Experienced by Aquaponic Hobbyists, Producers, and Educators
Authors: Pattillo D Allen , Cline David , Hager Janelle , Roy Luke , Hanson Terrill
Published: December 2022

We used an online survey to document challenges experienced by aquaponic hobbyists (n = 81), producers (n = 117), and educators (n = 75). Responses were distilled into the following categories: 1) operations and management; 2) facilities, location, and system design; 3) knowledge and educational resources; 4) funding; 5) economic viability; 6) plant culture; 7) marketing and distribution; 8) fish culture; 9) human factors; 10) regulations and certifications. Training and research in these areas are needed to advance the aquaponics industry.
The Effect of Gender in Extractions of Impacted Third Molar: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: TEKİN Görkem , SARUHAN Nesrin , DERECİ Ömür , KOŞAR Yasin
Published: December 2022

Objective: Removing the impacted third molar is the most common surgical procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The removal times and complications can be affected by many factors, and this study evaluated the removal time and complications of the impacted third molar between genders

Methods: This study included 40 patients, 20 female and 20 male patients. In the extraction of impacted third molar teeth with the same operative difficulty score (score 4), operation times and complications were evaluated in terms of gender.

Results: With the descriptive statistical analysis, the average age of the patients was 26.85 ±8.37, the removal time of the female patients was 19.65 ± 10.63 minutes, and the average duration of the male patients was 14.30 ± 5.55 minutes. Postoperatively, 4 (10%) of the patients had alveolitis. Dehiscence was not seen. In the extraction of an impacted third molar with the same operative difficulty score, there was a statistically significant difference between genders in terms of operation time (p
Çocukların sıklıkla tükettiği içeceklerin, fiberle güçlendirilmiş rezin kronların renk stabilitesi üzerine etkileri
Authors: BÜYÜKNALBANT Eda , PEDÜK Kübra
Published: December 2022

AMAÇ: Çocukların en sık tükettiği 5 farklı içeceğin fiberle güçlendirilmiş rezin kronlar üzerinde renk değişimi (ΔE) bakımından etkisini değerlendirmektir. YÖNTEM: Bu çalışmada, toplamda 60 adet maksiller üst santral kesici diş için üretilmiş fiberle güçlendirilmiş rezin kron (Figaro Crowns, Inc., Woodbury, MN, USA) kullanıldı. Başlangıç renk değerlerinin spektrofotometre cihazı ile ölçülmesinin ardından kronlar ilk grup kontrol grubu, 2. grup kola, 3. grup şeftali aromalı soğuk çay, 4. grup vişne suyu, 5. grup portakal suyu ve 6. grup çikolatalı süt olmak üzere rastgele 6 gruba ayrıldı (n=10). Kronlar bir hafta boyunca içecekler içerisinde inkübe edildi. Test periodu sonrası distile su ile yıkanan ve kurutulan kronların renk ölçümleri tekrarlandı ve renk değişim değerleri hesaplandı. İçeceklerin renk değişimi üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilebilmesi için tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanıldı. İkili karşılaştırmalar için Tukey testi yapıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık eşiği p=0,05 olarak kabul edildi. BULGULAR: Bütün kronlar, içecek maruziyeti sonrasında renk değişikliği gösterdi, gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulundu (p 0,05). SONUÇLAR: Çocuklarda özellikle ön dişlerin fiberle güçlendirilmiş rezin kronlarla restore edildiği durumlarda, renk stabilitesinin devamlılığı için hasta ve ebeveynlerin içecek tüketimi sonrası oluşabilecek renklenmeler konusunda bilgilendirilmesi önem taşımaktadır.
Bilimsel Araştırmalarda Örneklem Seçimi ve Güç Analizi
Authors: KAHRAMAN KILBAŞ Elmas Pınar , CEVAHİR Fatma
Published: December 2022

Bilimsel araştırma çalışmaları günümüzde her geçen gün daha da önemli hale gelmektedir. Araştırma sonuçlarının sağlık ve ekonomi gibi pek çok alanda kullanılması nedeniyle bilimsel çalışmaların dikkatli bir şekilde yapılması son derece önem arz etmektedir. Bu süreç, bilime önemli katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülen araştırma konusunun belirlenmesi ile başlayıp birçok aşamalardan geçmektedir. Örneklem seçimi ve güç analizi de bu önemli aşamalardan birisidir. Bu derlemede amacımız örneklem seçimi, örnekleme yöntemleri ve güç analizi hakkında bilgiler vermektir.
Perfil epidemiológico e fatores associados ao óbito por AIDS em mulheres em idade fértil (2007-2019)
Authors: Silva Maria Eduarda Cardoso , Montanha Rafaela Marioto , Gonçalves Laís , Gomes Rafaella , Carvalho Ana Caroline , Bolorino Natacha , Furuya Rejane Kiyomi , Pieri Flávia Meneguetti
Published: December 2022

Introdução: A infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV), causador da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (aids), prejudica o sistema imunológico, favorecendo a aquisição de infecções oportunistas. A epidemia do HIV está passando pelo processo de feminização, sendo crescente o número de mulheres infectadas pelo HIV, especialmente as em idade fértil. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil demográfico e clínico de mulheres em idade fértil vivendo com HIV/aids e investigar os fatores associados ao desfecho óbito.  Método: Foi realizado um estudo transversal e analítico, com abordagem quantitativa, com os dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Foram selecionadas no estudo mulheres adultas entre 13 a 49 aos de idade, notificadas no período de janeiro 2007 a dezembro 2019. As variáveis independentes foram: faixa etária, gestante, escolaridade, raça, tipo de exposição, sinais e sintomas clinicos definidores de aids, contagem de linfócitos TCD4+ e infecções oportunistas. Foi utilizado o programa IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 20. Realizada análise bivariada e multivariável, razão de prevalência e Intervalo de Confiança de 95%. Resultados: Dos 457 casos estudados, 67,6% possuíam 30 a 39 anos de idade, 54,1% obtinham até 8 anos de estudo, 61,7% eram brancas e 90,6% não eram gestantes e 96,1% foram expostas ao HIV através de relações sexuais com homens. Quanto aos sinais clínicos definidores de aids 22,9% apresentaram caquexia e 21,0% astenia. 61,0% dos casos possuíam a contagem de linfócitos TCD4+ menor ou igual a 350 cel/mm³. 25,0% das mulheres possuíam candidíase oral. A população da faixa etária de 30 a 49 anos, com escolaridade até 8 anos de estudo e com contagem de linfócitos T CD4+ menor ou igual a 350 cel/mm³ se encontrou associada ao óbito por aids, se caracterizando como um fator de risco. Conclusão: Houve de mulheres adultos jovens com escolaridade de até 8 anos de estudo e com a contagem de linfócitos TCD4+ menor ou igual a 350 cel/mm³, e estas estiveram mais associadas ao óbito. Com isto é visto a necessidade de criação de políticas públicas direcionadas a essa população, com o intuito de diminuir o percentual de mortalidade.
O uso de jardins didáticos e áreas verdes como ferramenta para o ensino de botânica na educação básica do Brasil - uma revisão integrativa
Authors: De Souza Mairla Maria Alves , De Souza Catarina Araújo , Germano Shirley Rangel
Published: December 2022

A Botânica é um ramo da Biologia que estuda as interações, características e fisiologia das plantas, abrangendo desde a morfologia, taxonomia, e anatomia vegetal até ecologia de plantas nos mais variados ecossistemas.
Nonscalability of Fractal Dimension to Quantify Canopy Structural Complexity from Individual Trees to Forest Stands
Authors: Liu Xiaoqiang , Ma Qin , Wu Xiaoyong , Hu Tianyu , Dai Guanhua , Wu Jin , Tao Shengli , Wang Shaopeng , Liu Lingli , Guo Qinghua , Su Yanjun
Published: December 2022

Canopy structural complexity is a critical emergent forest attribute, and light detection and ranging (lidar)-based fractal dimension has been recognized as its powerful measure at the individual tree level. However, the current lidar-based estimation method is highly sensitive to data characteristics, and its scalability from individual trees to forest stands remains unclear. This study proposed an improved method to estimate fractal dimension from lidar data by considering Shannon entropy, and evaluated its scalability from individual trees to forest stands through mathematical derivations. Moreover, a total of 280 forest stand scenes simulated from the terrestrial lidar data of 115 trees spanning large variability in canopy structural complexity were used to evaluate the robustness of the proposed method and the scalability of fractal dimension. The results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the robustness of lidar-derived fractal dimensions. Both mathematical derivations and experimental analyses demonstrate that the fractal dimension of a forest stand is equal to that of the tree with the largest fractal dimension in it, manifesting its nonscalability from individual trees to forest stands. The nonscalability of fractal dimension reveals its limited capability in canopy structural complexity quantification and indicates that the power-law scaling theory of a forest stand underlying fractal geometry is determined by its dominant tree instead of the entire community. Nevertheless, we believe that fractal dimension is still a useful indicator of canopy structural complexity at the individual tree level and might be used along with other stand-level indexes to reflect the “tree-to-stand” correlation of canopy structural complexity.
White Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with 100% Power Conversion
Authors: Ding Dongxue , Wang Zicheng , Duan Chunbo , Han Chunmiao , Zhang Jing , Chen Shuo , Wei Ying , Xu Hui
Published: December 2022

Energy-efficient lighting sources are desired to provide another solution of carbon emission reduction. White organic light-emitting diodes are promising, because of theoretical internal quantum efficiencies for 100% electric-to-light conversion. However, pure organic fluorescent materials still face a challenge in harvesting triplet excitons for radiation. Herein, we report a white fluorescent organic light-emitting diode having an external quantum efficiency of 30.7% and a power efficiency of 120.2 lm W
−1
. In the single emissive layers, we use blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters to sensitize a yellow fluorescent emitter. Transient photoluminescence and electroluminescence analyses suggest that a blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent molecule with ~100% reverse intersystem crossing efficiency and negligible triplet nonradiative rate constant completely converts triplet to singlet, suppressing triplet quenching by a yellow fluorescent emitter and ensuring 100% power conversion.
The Dynamic Mortise-and-Tenon Interlock Assists Hydrated Soft Robots Toward Off-Road Locomotion
Authors: Wu Baoyi , Xue Yaoting , Ali Israt , Lu Huanhuan , Yang Yuming , Yang Xuxu , Lu Wei , Zheng Yinfei , Chen Tao
Published: December 2022

Natural locomotion such as walking, crawling, and swimming relies on spatially controlled deformation of soft tissues, which could allow efficient interaction with the external environment. As one of the ideal candidates for biomimetic materials, hydrogels can exhibit versatile bionic morphings. However, it remains an enormous challenge to transfer these in situ deformations to locomotion, particularly above complex terrains. Herein, inspired by the crawling mode of inchworms, an isotropic hydrogel with thermoresponsiveness could evolve to an anisotropic hydrogel actuator via interfacial diffusion polymerization, further evolving to multisection structure and exhibiting adaptive deformation with diverse degrees of freedom. Therefore, a dynamic mortise-and-tenon interlock could be generated through the interaction between the self-deformation of the hydrogel actuator and rough terrains, inducing continual multidimensional locomotion on various artificial rough substrates and natural sandy terrain. Interestingly, benefiting from the powerful mechanical energy transfer capability, the crawlable hydrogel actuators could also be utilized as hydrogel motors to activate static cargos to overstep complex terrains, which exhibit the potential application of a biomimetic mechanical discoloration device. Therefore, we believe that this design principle and control strategy may be of potential interest to the field of deformable materials, soft robots, and biomimetic devices.
Asymmetric information, intermediation, coordination, rational self-selection and social welfare
Authors: Gorbachuk Vasyl , Gavrilenko Serge , Golotsukov Gennadii , Lupei Maksym , Nikolenko Dmytro , Pustovoit Mykhailo , Batih Liudmyla
Published: December 2022

To understand the choice of an intermediary, let us focus on the organization ofexchange of products (goods and services) between sellers and buyers throughthe two extreme forms of intermediary exchanges, ignoring the other roles thatintermediaries often play. In one оf thе forms of intermediary exchanges, the intermediary acts as a dealer (retailer) in a sense that it buys products from sellersand resells them to buyers: pricing is centralized by the intermediary. In the second form of intermediary exchange, the intermediary does not take control of theseller’s products, but simply offers access to a platform (or marketplace) wherebuyers and sellers can interact as they see fit: pricing is decentralized to marketparticipants, and the platform- taxes trade. The first form corresponds to a business model in which the dealer sets the wholesale price for sellers and sets theretail price for buyers, and sellers and buyers are price-takers. The second formcorresponds to a business model in which the platform operator collects a platform usage charge from each seller and collects a platform usage fee from each buyer, and sellers set retail prices for buyers. Market intermediaries coordinatethe actions of buyers and sellers. Firms carry out transactions, servicing thepayment system, inventory control, and record keeping, which are important forthe functioning of markets. In addition, firms provide a central place of exchange, thus reducing the search costs for buyers and sellers. By comparing thecosts of intermediation with the costs of non-intermediated exchange in the markets, matching buyers and sellers, or the costs of search, it can be shown that anintermediated exchange happens to be more beneficial. Indirect network effectson both sides of the market lead to the concept of so called two-sided platforms.In such a platform, the primary role of intermediary is to control access to theplatform that at least two groups of economic agents use to their interaction. Asimilar platform should be valued more by users of each group when the platform is used more by another group. Individual decisions to join a particularplatform then generate indirect network effects on agents on the other side ofplatform. Due to the centralized operation of the platform, the intermediary canadd value and capture rents by facilitating the internalization of the externalitiesrelated with network effects. The characteristics of intermediaries must meetcertain expectations of market participants.
Structure-based optimization problem for model predictive control in linear multi-input multi-value systems
Authors: Mishchenko Mykhailo
Published: December 2022

Various technical and other realworld systems can be modelled with decent precision as linear systems. This approach is the core of the long established control theory, whose mathematical apparatus is ubiquitous when it comes to controlling some kind of system. While it is hard to underestimate importance of this approach, long history of research in this field showed some of its shortcomings which may hinder its application in various ways. For example, it does not allow to incorporate constraints on control signal’s magnitude into the system’s model. Thus, engineers are forced to manually tune controller’s parameters adhoc in order to satisfy these constraints. This paper is dedicated to development of an alternative control algorithm based on the model predictive control approach. Its core idea is to generate control sequences by solving an optimization problem which objective function depends on predicted future state. It allows to generate fast stabilization trajectories without additional tuning by using the classic linear system’s evolutionary equation as a future state predictor and constraints on controls as optimization problem’s constraints. Meaningfully defined objective function is crucial in order to make this control algorithm work properly. It appeared that defining an objective function with good enough properties in general case is not a trivial task. This paper leverages modern nonstandard analysis in order to achieve this feat.
شبه العقد في القانون الإنكليزي دراسة مقارنة بالمدفوع دون حق في القانون المدني العراقي
Authors: علي يونس صلاح الدين
Published: December 2022

يعد شبه العقد أحد النظم القانونية الراسخة في قانون الأحكام العام الإنكليزي ذو الأصل العرفي غير المكتوب، والمبني على السوابق القضائية للمحاكم الإنكليزية. وجدير بالذكر فقد وقد مر تأصيل الأساس القانوني لشبه العقد في القانون الانكليزي بمرحلتين مختلفتين، فقد إتجه القضاء الانكليزي، تؤيده بعض الآراء الفقهية، في المرحلة الأولى إلى عد شبه العقد كعقد ضمني من صنع القضاء، لتلافي غياب الإتفاق الصريح بين الطرفين، ولمنع إثراء أحد الطرفين على حساب الطرف الآخر دون حق أو سبب مشروع. أما في المرحلة الثانية فقد إتجه إلى عده كمصدر مستقل من مصادر الإلتزام، يقوم على أساس النظام القانوني لرد غير المستحق. وبالمقابل فقد نظم القانون المدني العراقي رقم (40) لسنة 1951 الكسب دون سبب وعده مصدراً مستقلاً من مصادر الإلتزام، والذي تضمن المدفوع دون حق كابرز تطبيق من تطبيقاته.
التعاون الدولي في مجال مكافحة التبغ
Authors: شهاب حسام حميد
Published: December 2022

تعد الاتفاقية الاطارية لمكافحة التبغ من بين الاتفاقيات الرئيسية التي تناولت موضوع مكافحة التبغ ، وعلى الرغم من الجهود المبذولة في هذا الجانب من الدول من خلال الاعداد وسرعة المصادقة عليها ، الا ان هناك بعض العقبات التي تحول دون تحقيق الاهداف المنشودة للاتفاقية ومنها سعي شركات التبغ في عدم تنفيذ الاتفاقية بالصورة اللازمة ، وفي ضوء ذلك قامت العديد من الدول والمنظمات الدولية وفي مقدمتها منظمة الصحة العالمية من اجل تذليل تلك العقبات ومن بين تلك الجهود المبذولة في اطار تبادل المعلومات والمساعدة التقنية والفنية  والدعم القانوني المتبادل بين الجهات الفاعلة في هذا الاطار
Chegg’s growth, response rate, and prevalence as a cheating tool: Insights from an audit within an Australian engineering school
Authors: Pickering Edmund , Schuller Clancy
Published: December 2022

Online tools are increasingly being used by students to cheat. File-sharing and homework-helper websites offer to aid students in their study, but are vulnerable to misuse, and are increasingly reported as a major source of academic misconduct. Chegg.com is the largest such website. Despite this, there is little public information about the use of Chegg as a cheating tool. This is a critical omission, as for institutions to effectively tackle this threat, they must have a sophisticated understanding of their use. To address this gap, this work reports on an audit of Chegg conducted within an Australian technology university engineering school. We provide a detailed analysis of the growth of Chegg, it’s use within an Australian technology university engineering school, and the wait time to receive solutions. We demonstrate that Chegg is broadly used to cheat and can be effective in both assignment tasks and online exams. To better understand and tackle this form of misconduct, we call on education institutions to be more transparent in reporting misconduct data and for homework-helper websites to improve defences against misuse.