bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Influence of Ultrasonic Vibration on Physical, Tensile, and Morphological Properties of Fused Deposition Modeled Specimens
Authors: Quader Raihan , Klinstein Leo , Grewell David , Narayanan Lokesh karthik
Published: December 2023

The use of fused deposition modeling (FDM) in printing polymers for various applications has been ever increasing. However, its utilization in printing polymers for high-strength and superior surface finish applications is still a challenge, primarily due to process intrinsic defects i.e., voids between the layers and the rough exterior arising from unrestrained deposition of molten polymer. This research hypothesizes that application of ultrasonic vibration (USV) post-fabrication could minimize these shortcomings. For this investigation, ASTM D638 Type IV samples were FDM printed using Poly(lactic) Acid (PLA). Through screening experiments, an optimized set of ultrasonic parameters was determined. Then, the effect of both-sided ultrasonic application was characterized. Subsequently, the impact of USV on the samples’ physical, tensile, and morphological properties was examined by varying the layer height, infill patterns, and % infill density. Up to 70% roughness reduction was observed as a result of post-FDM ultrasonic application. Additionally, the tensile strength of the samples increased by up to 15.31%. Moreover, for some lower % infill samples, post-ultrasonic tensile strengths were higher than 100% infill control samples. Analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) imagery indicated enhanced layer consolidation and reduced void presence in samples treated with ultrasonic. The combination of ultrasonic-generated heat and downward pressure promoted a synergistic squeeze flow and intermolecular diffusion across consecutive layers of polymers. As a result, increased tensile strength and surface finish were achieved while dimensional change was marginal.
Evaluation of the results of deviated nasal septum correction on nasal respiratory disorders and headache
Authors: Moufti Mayssa , Johari Massa , Nahas Louei Darjazini
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Deviated nasal septum is a common problem in the general population. Therefore, its correction is one of the most common surgical procedures in otolaryngology and facial plastic surgery. The importance of our study comes from the need to highlight the results of septoplasty in patients. And know the effect of a deviated nasal septum on patients’ quality of life and compare it with their quality of life after surgery.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted targeting patients with a deviated nasal septum who underwent septoplasty in Al-Mujtahid Hospital (Damascus Hospital) and Al-Hilal Hospital. Data were collected between the end of October 2022 and the beginning of April 2023. The sample size was 120 patients who matched the study inclusion criteria and were followed up for three months after surgery.
Results: Our study included 120 patients who had suffered from a deviated nasal septum. The average age of these patients was 25.69 years. The number of male patients was 51, representing 43%, while the number of female patients was 69, representing 58%. The primary reason for performing septoplasty in the majority of patients was difficulty breathing/nasal obstruction91 (76%). Surgery was performed openly in 111 (93%) cases, while it was performed laparoscopically in only 9 (8%). Only 12 patients suffered from epistaxis (9%).
Conclusion: The results in our study indicated that performing a septoplasty operation in addition to a rhinoplasty operation at the same time gave a difference in improving symptoms. The same applies when the septoplasty operation was combined with a turbinectomy operation, as the patients’ nasal obstructive symptoms improved in addition to an improvement in headaches. They have.
Quarter Car Suspension System Modelling, Simulation, And Performance Analysis under Dynamic Conditions
Authors: Bezabh walelign Wudu
Published: December 2023

The motor vehicle is constructed up of numerous systems. The suspension system is one of them. The primary purposes of the automotive suspension system are to effectively isolate the vehicle from road disturbances and to provide stability, directional control, and vehicle support during handling movements. The suspension system must strike a compromise between ride quality and handling ability of the car. This study uses a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller to analyse the active suspension system and the passive suspension system. This study aims to simulate and analysis of the vehicle performance by construct a MATLAB/SIMULINK on quarter automobile model. For this research, the sinusoidal roads and a random road inputs are used to study the effect of road irregularity and vehicle speeds on the performance of the suspension system. purposely 30,60,90 and 120km/hr are selected for this study. The passive suspension system and the LQR controller's performance are contrasted. The simulation's findings demonstrate how the LQR controller enhances ride comfort and wheel deflection in automobiles suspension system at all road inputs even at high vehicle speed the LQR controller help the system for better ride comfort of the passengers and help the system to better life of the vehicle.
Opportunity-as-hologram: Real or artificial in entrepreneurship
Authors: David Leong
Published: December 2023

Entrepreneurship must necessarily involve actions under uncertainties. How is opportunity discovered and perceived that will eventually trigger and stimulate entrepreneurial action? An ongoing conversation in entrepreneurship concerns the clumsiness in the definition of opportunity – whether discovered or created, objective or subjective. Can opportunity exist independently, as a pre-existing object, even without being observed by any actors? Or is opportunity subjectively and socially constructed? Are they real or artificial? This paper articulates opportunity as a holographic representation that provides cues and signals to alert entrepreneurs to act. We attempt to explain how opportunity-as-hologram inspires and motivates entrepreneurial action. The proposed opportunity-as-hologram construct (or holographic opportunity) is representationally valuable as it embraces the various definitional variations and clarifies the opportunity concepts underpinning entrepreneurship. Central to this paper are the re-casted perspectives on opportunities by addressing the major conceptual issues at the core of entrepreneurship theories. The three views – discovery, creation, and actualisation of opportunities – can be valid and mutually non-exclusive in holographic terms. This paper explores implicate and explicate orders and quantum theory concepts theorised by physicist David Bohm. This conceptual construct of holographic opportunity contributes to the ongoing dialogues on the opportunity, improves the conceptual clarity of opportunity, and opens new research and practice possibilities.
NON-LINEAR PANEL DATA ANALYSIS BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND HEALTH EXPENDITURES
Authors: BİNAY Murat , AYDIN Okan
Published: December 2023

In the 1960s, endogenous growth theories revealed that human capital as much effect as physical capital in economic growth. Then, it was focused on how to increase human capital accumulation, and it was determined that first of all, education and then health were two main components. There are a lot of studies in the literature trying to assess the relationship between health expenditures and economic growth. In the studies on the relationship between economic growth and health expenditures, which is the subject of this study, it has been observed that economic growth is increased by health expenditures generally, but there are some studies that show that it does not affect economic growth even decrease. In this study, the relationship between health expenditures and economic growth has been examined for OECD countries, including Turkey, with two different methods: dynamic panel data analysis and non-linear panel data analysis. In these methods, firstly, the relationship between health expenditures and economic growth is examined, then the other components of economic growth that are generally accepted in the literature, such as capital accumulation, total factor productivity and the democracy index, whose effects on economic growth are discussed, are included in the model to determine the effect of health expenditures on economic growth has been studied.
Company value analysis: Sales, assets, growth opportunities and leverage in LQ-45 companies (Indonesia Stock Exchange)
Authors: Gunarianto  , Puspitosarie Endah , Hadi Susilo Sugeng
Published: December 2023

Company value plays a significant role in investment decisions, company performance assessment, and risk analysis. In addition, there is uncertainty or inconsistency in the relationship between factors such as sales, assets, and leverage that can affect company value. The study aims to analyze the effect of sales growth, asset growth, and leverage on company value in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, especially in the LQ-45 index during the 2021–2022 period. The research method uses a quantitative approach with statistical tools and hypothesis testing. Regression analysis through path analysis models is used to test the proposed hypothesis. The results showed asset growth of 15.42%, debt-equity ratio of 1.7797, and high Price to Book Value (36.2721). Nonetheless, leverage does not act as a mediator in the relationship between asset growth and company value, defying the Modigliani-Miller theory. The finding highlights the complexity of such factors in the context of LQ-45 companies, emphasizing the need for prudent asset management and debt policy to enhance competitiveness. The findings have important implications for financial management and business strategy in a dynamic and competitive environment.
THE ROLE OF SINDHIND ZIJ AS THE FIRST ISLAMIC ASTRONOMICAL CALCULATION TABLE IN INDIAN CIVILIZATION
Authors: Faizah Nur , Binti Roslan Nura'zirah
Published: December 2023

Astronomy has developed in India since prehistoric times. However, astronomy’s first work appeared during the Vedanga Jyotisa era, written by Lagadha, the oldest literary book in India. Using qualitative methods with a library research approach, it was found that Indian astronomers researched Astronomy and wrote books. One of the books that first made Muslim scientists interested in the world of astronomy was the book Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, which was translated into Arabic by Al-Fazari (d. 796 AD) during the Caliphate of Al-Manṣūr from the Abbasid dynasty. Al-Fazari (d. 796 AD) became the first Muslim astronomer to compile Zij, with his calculations converted into the Hijri Calendar. After Al-Fazari (d. 796 AD) collected this Zij, other Zijs were born, which became the forerunners for the composition of the epimeris and other counts. Around the beginning of the 11th century, Al-Biruni (973-1048 AD) spread da'wah to India and introduced the study of Islamic astronomy in India.
AL-SHĀFI’Ī’S PERSPECTIVE ABOUT THE ECLIPSE PRAYER AT FORBIDDEN TIMES FOR PRAYING
Authors: Inayah Maulida
Published: December 2023

The eclipse prayer, considered Sunnah Muakkad, presents different points of view among the ulama. Most jurists believe these prayers are prohibited during haram times (taḥrīm) because the ḥadīth applies to all prayers. It is different from al-Shāfi'ī who allows eclipse prayers at any time, even during taḥrīm. Since most Indonesian people adhere to the al-Shāfi'ī school of thought, understanding the basis of its ijtihād is essential. With a qualitative method, this literature article uses a descriptive-analytical method, with the primary source being the book al-Umm. This article produces two main findings. First, al-Shāfi'ī justifies the eclipse prayer during taḥrīm because of the general nature of the ḥadīth restrictions and the particular reason for the eclipse prayer. Second, the legal reasoning uses qiyās, aligning missed prayers with valid reasons at taḥrīm times.
Oxidative and Hydrolytic Spoilage of Fatty Raw Materials in Dairy Products
Authors: Starovoitova Kseniya , Tereshchuk Lyubov , Kurbanova Marina , Filimonova Tat'yana
Published: December 2023

Antioxidant additives can affect the processes of hydrolysis and oxidation in dairy products during storage. This study featured palm oil, sunflower high-oleic oil, and two milk fat substitutes with different compositions. The samples were stored in an open container at 32 ± 1°C and a relative humidity of 75% for 14 days. The intensity of hydrolysis and oxidation was assessed by their acid number and peroxide number. The palm oil sample with 46.91% saturated palmitic acid and Milk Fat Substitute 1 with 37.61% palmitic and 34.96% oleic acid proved to be the most stable mixes. Milk Fat Substitute 2 was rich in polyunsaturated linoleic acid (29.31%) and demonstrated faster hydrolysis and oxidation rates than the palm oil sample and Milk Fat Substitute 1. Lecithin E322 (0.4%) inhibited hydrolytic and oxidative processes. In Milk Fat Substitute 1 without lecithin, the acid number increased from 0.1 to 2.2 mg KOH/g on storage day 14. In Milk Fat Substitute 1 with lecithin, this indicator stopped growing at 1.4 mg KOH/g. Experiments in reducing the growth rate of the peroxide number gave similar results. In Milk Fat Substitute 1, the peroxide number rose from 1 to 5.7 mmol of active oxygen/kg. In the sample without lecithin, it reached 7 .2 mmol active oxygen/kg. Lecithin proved to be an effective antioxidant-emulating additive to composite fat bases in dairy products. On the one hand, it provided high-quality dispersion of water and fat. On the other hand, it was able to inhibit oxidation and hydrolysis.
Effect of Thermal Mechanical Processing on Functional Properties of Natural Cheese
Authors: Sviridenko Galina , Kalabushkin Vasiliy , Shishkina Anastasiya , Uskova Evgeniya
Published: December 2023

The research featured the effect of thermal treatment on various types of natural cheeses and their functional properties, i.e., grating and shredding, melting, fat-release, browning, blistering, and elasticity. Natural and preheated samples underwent a point-scale assessment developed specifically for pizza cheeses by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheese-Making (Uglich, Russia). Thermal treatment improved the functional properties of natural cheese. In addition, preheated cheese proved to be a more effective and economical pizza ingredient.
The Influence Of Smoking Modes On Color Formationsausage Processed Cheeses
Authors: Orlova Elena , Kalabushkin Vasiliy , Alekseeva Elena
Published: December 2023

The research established the effect of temperature and smoking time on the color of dairy products with a milk fat substitute, i.e., cheese sausages. It resulted in a color matrix that determines the relationship between the smoking mode and the dynamics of the color spectrum. The article introduces a gradient model of color changes that makes it possible to program the surface color of the finished product in accordance with consumer preferences
Effect of Thermal Treatment on Physicochemical, Structural, and Mechanical Properties of Natural Cheese
Authors: Sviridenko Galina , Shishkina Anastasiya , Kalabushkin Vasiliy , Uskova Evgeniya
Published: December 2023

The article describes the changes in the physicochemical and rheological parameters of various natural cheeses after their thermomechanical processing. The experimental heat-treated cheeses consisted of natural cheese, citrate-phosphate emulsifying salt, and water. The test parameters involved mass fraction of moisture and fat, active acidity, elastic modulus, dynamic viscosity, and tg δ, i.e., the loss vs. elastic modulus ratio. All these indicators affected the functional properties of the resulting pizza cheeses. Citrate-phosphate emulsifying salts increased the buffer capacity and stabilized the active acidity of the heat-treated cheeses relative to the natural cheese samples, blue cheeses and cheddared cheese masses being the only exceptions. Emulsifying salts and water reduced the fat content. The thermal treatment also lowered such indicators as elastic modulus, dynamic viscosity, and tg δ, which affected the consistency of the final product. After the thermomechanical processing, the natural cheeses became less dense but more elastic, plastic, and loose. Their physicochemical and rheological characteristics changed, which means that the thermal treatment gave the resulting heat-treated pizza cheeses some functionally useful properties.
Let’s talk about permeates
Authors: Volkova Tat'yana
Published: December 2023

The article focuses on the ambiguous interpretation of the term «permeate». The dominant directions of membrane fractionation with the production of various permeates are analyzed.
Dating app users after two years: A Dark Triad amplification
Authors: Freyth Lennart
Published: December 2023

A 2-year longitudinal study examined how dating app use (N = 82, 36 women) affects changes in personality (i.e., the Dark Triad and Big Five traits), and visual social media use (i.e., dating apps, Instagram). Dating app users were higher in narcissism and Machiavellianism after two years but not in the Big Five traits. Early time and sessions on dating apps were associated with more sessions on dating apps, more time on Instagram, and higher narcissism later. Men increased in narcissism, women decreased in extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, and increased in agreeableness. The use of dating apps affects personality into an antagonistic direction, especially women.
A joke for you, a status-boost for men: Men's tendency to tell affiliative jokes is related to their self-promotion style
Authors: Jach Łukasz , Pietrzak Gabriela
Published: December 2023

A sense of humor is a desirable characteristic in both romantic and platonic relationships, and people communicate their sense of humor by telling jokes. However, there are sex differences in joking, so men tell jokes more often than women. Men’s benefits from joking correspond with such fundamental social motives, as mate seeking and mate retention, affiliation, and self-protection. However, less is known about the relation between tendency to tell jokes and more general styles of self-presentation, that is, tactical ways of behaving that can be used in many social interactions. In our study (N = 139 Polish men aged 18 to 60 [M = 29.94, SD = 11.66]), we wanted to examine the relationships between self-presentation styles (e.g., self-promotion and self-depreciation), humor styles (e.g., affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, and self-defeating), and tendency to tell jokes in adult men. We found that men focused on self-promotion produced humor more often and their humor styles contained more affiliative and self-enhancement aspects. Moreover, men's use of affiliative humor completely mediated the relationship between their self-promotion and their tendency to joke. We also found that men oriented on self-depreciation use more self-defeating humor, but their self-defeating motivation does not correlate with their tendency to joke. Our results suggest that men may tell jokes, especially those involving affiliative humor, to tactically achieve their self-promotion goals.
Women, social media, and physical appearance anxiety: The effect of sociocultural attitudes
Authors: March Evita , Tenaglia Louisa , Wagstaff Danielle L.
Published: December 2023

In this report, we tested if viewing the body as an object (BAO; two forms: thin and curvaceous) and body as a process (BAP) on social media, and sociocultural attitudes regarding social media, directly affected women’s state physical appearance anxiety. Women (N = 249; Mage = 23.81; SD = 5.68) completed an online experiment where they were randomly assigned to view BAO-thin, BAO-curvaceous, and BAP images. Viewing BAO-curvaceous images had no effect on women’s state physical appearance anxiety. However, viewing BAO-thin and BAP images decreased women’s state physical appearance anxiety. Further, this effect was stronger for women with greater internalization and awareness of body ideals conveyed by social media (i.e., high sociocultural attitudes). We conclude that sociocultural attitudes regarding social media may buffer the adverse effects of viewing BAO-thin images.
New documented records for the Black-collared Hawk (Busarellus nigricollis, Latham 1790) (Aves: Accipitridae) in Rio Grande do Sul state
Authors: Dante Andres Meller  , Roberta Porto Rödel  , Carlos Eduardo Agne
Published: December 2023

The Black-collared Hawk (Busarellus nigricollis) is a buteonine with a wide distribution through neotropical region. It has preference for aquatic habitats, where it feeds on fishes. It has few records for southern Brazil. In Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, it is rare, and the only documented record is a collected specimen in Santa Cruz do Sul, more than seventy years ago. Here we report new documented records for western and central region of RS. The first one was a juvenile observed in December 2020 at the Wetland of Butuí-mirim. The second one was an immature observed on April 2021 at Butuí River. Both observations were made in São Borja, and reaffirm its occurrence in the Butuí River Basin. The third record was in the central region of RS in June 2022, and its occurrence may be associated to the low Jacuí River. The regional status of the Black-collared Hawk is unclear. It was considered threatened in the past, but now it is regarded as not applicable for evaluation. The Butuí River Basin has many wetlands in the course of its rivers, although some were drained and converted into rice fields. Future actions should be considered regarding the conservation of the wetlands of Butuí River Basin.
Current Regulatory Framework and Challenges for the Approval of Complex
Generics in the US and the EU
Authors: Patil Sharvari , Kumar Sandeep , Rao Dasari Mallikarjuna , Rewatkar Kishore
Published: December 2023

The pharmaceutical industry is witnessing a growing demand for complex generic products, which are generic versions of drugs that possess
complex formulations, delivery systems, or active ingredients. However, the approval process for these complex generic products poses unique
challenges compared to traditional generics. There is no specific regulatory procedure available for the approval of complex generics, unlike smallmolecule
generics and biosimilars. This led to controversial arguments in the past about the scientific evidence needed for applications, which led
to lengthy approval processes. The regulatory frameworks that are currently being used for complex generics are debatable and unclear.
Complexity in the molecular structure, mechanism of action, route of delivery, and complex manufacturing process makes proving bioequivalence
and pharmaceutical equivalence difficult. There is a need for harmonization of the regulatory framework by the agencies to help the generic
manufacturers by providing scientific advice, defining the submission requirements for complex products, and fastening the approval process.

:

This review begins by discussing the regulatory landscape surrounding complex generic products in various regions, including the United States
and Europe. It examines the specific guidelines and requirements set forth by regulatory authorities to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of
these products. Additionally, the review explores the differences in terminology and definitions used to classify complex generics across different
jurisdictions. Furthermore, it delves into the challenges faced by both regulatory agencies and pharmaceutical companies in evaluating and
approving complex generic products. These challenges include establishing appropriate bioequivalence criteria, determining interchangeability
with the reference product, addressing patent and exclusivity issues, and ensuring consistent quality throughout the product lifecycle. The impact of
these challenges on market entry and competition is also discussed. The review highlights the need for harmonization and streamlining of
regulations for complex generic products worldwide. It emphasizes the importance of clear and consistent guidelines to enable timely approvals,
foster innovation, and facilitate patient access to affordable alternatives.
Biphasic Hormetic-like Effect of Lebecetin, a C-type Lectin of Snake
Venom, on Formalin-induced Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Belardo Carmela , Jebali Jed , Boccella Serena , Infantino Rosmara , Fusco Antimo , Perrone Michela , Bonsale Roozbe , Manzo Iolanda , Iannotta Monica , Scuteri Damiana , Ferraraccio Franca , Panarese Iacopo , Ferrara Giovanna , Guida Francesca , Luongo Livio , Palazzo Enza , Srairi-Abid Najet , Marrakchi Naziha , Maione Sabatino
Published: December 2023

Background:

Integrins, important extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor proteins, are affected
by inflammation and can participate in the maintenance of many painful conditions. Although they
are ubiquitous and changeable across all cell types, the roles of these cell adhesion molecules in pathological
pain have not been fully explored.

Objective:

We evaluated the effects of the subcutaneous injection of lebecetin, a C-type lectin isolated
from Macrovipera lebetina snake venom, previously reported to inhibit α5β1 and αv integrin activity, on
different components of inflammation induced by the formalin administration in the hind paw of mice.

Methods:

The formalin-induced nocifensive behavior, edema, and histopathological changes in the
hind paw associated with cytokine, iNOS, and COX2 expression, nociceptive-specific neuron activity,
and microglial activation analysis in the spinal cord were evaluated in mice receiving vehicle or lebecetin
pretreatment.

Results:

Lebecetin inhibited the nocifensive responses in the formalin test, related edema, and cell infiltration
in the injected paw in a biphasic, hormetic-like, and dose-dependent way. According to that
hormetic trend, a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha and upregulation
of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the spinal cord were found with the lowest doses of lebecetin.
Moreover, COX2 and iNOS expression in serum and spinal cord followed the same biphasic
pattern of cytokines. Finally, nociceptive neurons sensitization and activated microglia were normalized
in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord by lebecetin.

Conclusion:

These findings implicate specific roles of integrins in inflammation and tonic pain, as
well as in the related central nervous system sequelae.
Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves on increasing hemoglobin level of female adolescents
Authors: Yulastini Fitria , Makiyah SN Nurul , Mawarti Retno
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is a dominant cause of anemia in the world, and it is one of the major nutritional problems in Indonesia with high prevalence in female adolescents, which reached 22.7%. Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera) contains rich amount of protein, amino acid, mineral, and vitamin.The use of moringa leaves as an herbal treatment has been developed, with one of its main objectives is to increase the hemoglobin level.

Objective: To analyze the effect of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves capsule on the hemoglobin level of female adolescents.

Method: This was a true experimental study with randomized controlled trial design and simple random sampling. Research samples were 61 anemic female adolescents that were classified into two groups. 31 girls were selected as treatment group where they consumed moringa leaves capsules, and the other 30 girls received iron supplements in control group. The intervention was done twice per day for 21 days. Data of hemoglobin level was analyzed using independent t-test.

Results: Hemoglobin level in treatment group before the intervention was 10.75±0.94 gr/dl and it increased to 12.58±0.99 (p-value= 0.000) after the intervention. The level of the control group also increased after intervention with the p-valueof 0.000. The mean hemoglobin level increase in treatment and control groups were 1.82 gr/dland 1.40 gr/dl, respectively. There was a significant difference between hemoglobin level increase between both groups with the p-valueof 0.039(<0.05).

Conclusion: The hemoglobin level of female adolescents who consumed moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves capsules was higher than the ones who only took iron supplements.

 

Keywords                  : Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera); iron supplement; hemoglobin level; female adolescent
Hyaluronidase for Dermal Filler Complications: Review of Applications and Dosage Recommendations
Authors: Kroumpouzos George , Treacy Patrick
Published: December 2023

Background

Hyaluronidase (Hyal) can reverse complications of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers, which has contributed substantially to the popularity of such procedures. Still, there are differing opinions regarding Hyal treatment, including dosage recommendations in filler complication management.

Objective

We aimed to address unanswered questions regarding Hyal treatment for HA filler complications, including timing and dosage, skin pretesting, properties of various Hyals and interactions with HA gels, and pitfalls of the treatment.

Methods

PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception for articles on Hyal therapy for filler complications. Articles were evaluated regarding their contribution to the field. The extensive literature review includes international leaders’ suggestions and expert panels’ recommendations.

Results

There are limited controlled data but increasing clinical experience with Hyal treatment. The currently used Hyals provide good results and have an acceptable safety profile. Nonemergent complications such as the Tyndall effect, noninflamed nodules, and allergic or hypersensitivity reactions should be treated with low or moderate Hyal doses. Hyal should be considered with prior or simultaneous oral antibiotic treatment in managing inflammatory nodules. Hyal may be tried for granulomas that have not responded to intralesional steroids. Emergent complications such as vascular occlusion and blindness require immediate, high-dose Hyal treatment. Regarding blindness, the injection technique, retrobulbar versus supraorbital, remains controversial. Ultrasound guidance can increase the efficacy of the above interventions.

Conclusions

Hyal is essential in aesthetic practice because it can safely treat most HA filler complications. Immediate Hyal treatment is required for emergent complications. Aesthetic practitioners should be versed in using Hyal and effective dosage protocols.
Evaluating the Appropriateness of Podcasts to Improve the Knowledge and Awareness of Selected Health Topics Among Undergraduate General Nursing Students: Protocol for an International Feasibility Study
Authors: Denny Alanna , Curtin Brian , Taylor-Robinson Simon , Chirambo Griphin Baxter , Cilliers Liezel , Wu Tsung-Shu Joseph , O'Meara Ciara , Booth Richard , O'Donoghue John
Published: December 2023

Background

Podcasts have proven to be a successful alternative source of educational material for students. Given the ability to listen to podcasts 24/7 and while on the go, this technology has the potential to provide informative and educational material to a large number of people at any given time. Podcasts are usually freely available on commonly used mobile devices, such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets.

Objective

This paper describes the impact of health-related podcasts as an intervention tool to support the knowledge and awareness of nursing students on a given topic.

Methods

Pre- and postpodcast questionnaires will gather data regarding the participants’ knowledge and awareness of two topics—gestational diabetes and mental health. This intervention will be tested on general nursing undergraduate students. The total number of students (N=2395) from the participating universities are broken down as follows: (1) University College Cork (n=850) and the University of Galway (n=450) in Ireland, (2) Mzuzu University in Malawi (n=719), and (3) University of Fort Hare in South Africa (n=376).

Results

The study received ethical approval from the University College Cork Ethics Committee (2022-027A1). The approval obtained from University College Cork sufficed as ethics coverage for the University of Galway in Ireland. Ethics approval was also received from the Mzuzu University Research Ethics Committee (ID MZUNIREC/DOR/23/28) and the Inter-Faculty Research Ethics Committee of the University of Fort Hare (ID CIL002-21). Data collection is currently underway and will continue until the end of February 2024. The quantitative and qualitative data are expected to be analyzed in March 2024.

Conclusions

Results from this study will allow for an investigation into the impact of podcasts in different settings: a high-income country (Ireland), an upper-middle–income country (South Africa), and a low-to-middle–income country (Malawi). The data gathered from this feasibility study will provide more clarity on the potential utility of podcasts as an intervention tool. We will gather data regarding listener demographics (eg, country of residence, age, gender, and year of study).

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/50735
Title: Objectively and Subjectively Measured Physical Activity and their Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk: An Observational Study of Physical Activity in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in the UK Biobank (Preprint)
Authors: Burki Charlyne , Tian Caiwei , Westerman Kenneth , Patel Chirag
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

The association between physical activity behavior and cardiometabolic risk factors in longitudinal cohort studies has depended largely on questionnaire-based reporting. While there are differences between self-reported activity levels and objectively measured accelerometer-based activity, how these differences manifest in disease risk is unknown. Here, we sought to evaluate these differences and to model the impact in their association with cardiometabolic factors.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to evaluate the difference between objective physical activity measured by an accelerometer and self-report physical activity in their association with cardiometabolic factors.

METHODS

We assessed physical activity (PA) using both wrist-word accelerometer data and self-reported questionnaires in 16K participants of the UK Biobank, focusing on walking, sleeping, sedentary, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). We compared the concordance between self-reported and objective measures of PA. Next, we compared the association between objective measured or self-reported PA and future clinical biomarker levels (e.g., body mass index, pulse rate, glucose control, cholesterol).

RESULTS

Participants underestimated their weekly sedentary duration on average of 2.86 hours, and that the correlation between subjective and objective activity were respectively r=0.12 for sedentary time, r=0.16 for moderate to vigorous physical activity, r=0.18 for walking, and r=0.13 for sleeping. We found an inverse association between objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiometabolic biomarkers such as BMI and pulse rate but found no association for subjectively reported activity.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings provide evidence that the association of self-reported activity is likely underestimated and biased.

CLINICALTRIAL

None
Making sense of PTSD on TikTok (Preprint)
Authors: Chowdhry Angad , Banerjee Anurag
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

The conflation of social media and mental health offers itself for analyses and interrogation not only around the discussions on platforms, but equally where we might ask how and if such narratives might be shaped by the medium itself. Existing scholarship on the relationship between social media and mental health has privileged platforms like Twitter and YouTube, but given the exponential growth it has witnessed, TikTok remains under-researched.

OBJECTIVE

This paper narrows the analytic gaze to pursue how a video-based social media platform like TikTok is viewed when it comes to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Might TikTok serve to raise awareness and enable the sharing of personal experiences? Or do the narratives it engenders run the risk of obfuscating professional help? It is in asking these questions that our research stands to make an original contribution.

METHODS

From public profiles on TikTok we extracted and analysed 1000 user-generated videos on the hashtag #PTSD created between the months of June 2022 and May 2023. We then deployed machine learning (ML) models hosted to analyse inputs to detect objects, images, and text and decipher emotions associated with them.

RESULTS

Our analysis reveals four prominent themes that the #PTSD dataset of TikTok videos were structured around: mental health tips, personal stories, education and awareness and support and empowerment. In addition,we identified the emotions carried by the videos, including happiness, fear and solitude.

CONCLUSIONS

The research provides valuable insights on how post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is discussed and addressed on TikTok, and therefore how such narratives might be understood. Future research could further explore the impact of TikTok content on mental health outcomes and evaluate the effectiveness of different approaches in promoting mental well-being and reducing stigma surrounding PTSD.
Predicting patterns of mental healthcare contact in personality disorder: A latent profile analysis. (Preprint)
Authors: Steadman Jack , Saunders Robert , Freestone Mark , Stewart Robert
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Personality disorders (PDs) are associated with higher service utilisation, however individual patterns of engagement within complex needs are poorly understood. The study aims to identify subgroups of individuals based on patterns of service receipt in secondary mental health services, and examine how routinely collected information is associated with these subgroups.

OBJECTIVE

Describe and predict patterns of engagement in personality disorder treatments using routine data.

METHODS

A sample of 3,941 patients with a diagnosis of personality disorder in contact with secondary services in South London was assembled from healthcare records, with an exposure period of 11 years (2007 – 2018). Basic demographic information, service use and treatment data were included in the analysis. Service use measures included number of contacts from clinical teams and Did Not Attends (DNAs). Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified two statistically distinct groups of patients as a function of service contact measures. Cross-validation modelling tested out-of-sample predictive performance.

RESULTS

LPA identified two subgroups, characterised by high and low service receipt. Variables associated with profiles included diagnostic information and number of contacts from clinical teams. Model evaluation considered classification accuracy and predictive relevance of routine measures in determining likely subgroup. Nursing contacts were shown to differentially impact profiles by fitted rate of DNAs.

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest that routinely collected data may be used to classify likely engagement archetypes in complex needs. Employed algorithm identified factors associated with service utilisation, and may shape clinical decision making in complex needs treatments.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Azo-Dye Schiff Base and Its Metal Ion Complexes Based on 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives
Authors: Ahmed Rasheed Al-qasii Nada , Bader Ali Taleb , Mosaa Zaied
Published: December 2023

The study focused on producing and examining the properties of the 2-(((3-mercapto-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)imino)methyl)-4-(((4-mercaptophenyl) diazenyl)phenol) ligand (L) and its complexes with three transition metal ions, namely Ni(II), Co(II), and Cu(II). The ligand was formed through diazotization and coupling reactions between 4-aminobenzenethiol and a coupling Schiff base derived from 1,2,4-triazole. The characterization of the ligand and its metal ion complexes was carried out using analytical techniques such as FTIR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, UV-visible spectroscopy, and thermal analysis (TGA and DTG). Various physical methods were employed to synthesize and analyze the properties of the three mononuclear Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes with the azo-dye Schiff's base ligand. Based on the microanalysis and spectroscopic results, it was determined that the coordination between the azo Schiff base ligand and the central metal ion occurred through the NOS-donating atoms of the ligand. The analysis of the electronic spectra revealed that the synthesized Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes  exhibited an octahedral geometry, while the Cu(II) complex had a distorted octahedral geometry. The implications of the finding regarding the octahedral and distorted-octahedral geometries include expanding the structural diversity in coordination chemistry, providing insights into ligand-metal interactions, and understanding the influence of geometry on properties.
Organic Geochemical Characteristics of Ngrayong Formation Polaman Sediment Rock, Northeast Java Basin-Indonesia
Authors: Zetra Yulfi , Burhan Rafwan Year Perry , Sulistiyono Sulistiyono , Firmansyah Arizal , Salsabila Darin
Published: December 2023

A study of the sedimentary rocks of the Ngrayong formation has been carried out on five samples from the Polaman outcrop point to determine the potential of coal as a source rock for producing oil and gas through GC-MS analysis. Biomarker analysis shows the presence of n-alkanes (C16-C36) with a bimodal distribution, indicating that the source of organic material in sedimentary rocks comes from bacteria, algae, and vascular plants, which is supported by several parameters such as CPI, OEP, LHCPI, wax index, ACL and AlkTerr values. This dominant source of terrigenous organic matter is also proven by the TAR value, C31/C19, C29/C17 ratio, and several aromatic compounds and their derivatives. Bacterial input as an organic source of allouchtonic sedimentary rocks is also proven by the presence of hopanoid, de-A-lupane biomarkers, and C17/C31 ratio. The oxic deposition environment is indicated by the Pr/Ph ratio. CPI and OEP parameters, C29 bb/ab ratio > 0.15 and C31 22S/(22S+22R) < 1 indicate low maturity of the sediment sample. Several parameters and the presence of biomarkers stated above conclude that Ngrayong coal as a source rock has the potential to produce oil and gas.
Integration of Copperas and Moringa oleifera Seeds as Hybrid Coagulant for Turbidity and Ammonia Removal from Aquaculture Wastewater
Authors: Hamzah Sofiah , Rasit Nazaitulshila , Mohamad Nurul Aqilah , Harun Mohammad Hakim Che , Azmi Alyza Azzura Abd Rahman , Hairom Nur Hanis Hayati , Mustofa Ahmad Ariff Fahmi , Zahid Mohd Salleh Amri , Yatim Norhafiza Ilyana , Kasan Nor Azman
Published: December 2023

The rapid development of the aquaculture industry has contributed to the high amount of nutrients in wastewater that subsequently led to eutrophication and deterioration of water quality. Aquaculture wastewater consists of uneaten fish feed, fecal and other excretion or residue of chemicals used. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of hybrid coagulants of Moringa oleifera (MO) and copperas for aquaculture wastewater treatment. In this present study, different formulations of MO and copperas were explored in the coagulation treatment of aquaculture wastewater using a jar test experiment. The FTIR and SEM analysis are used to determine the morphology and surface of MO. This study focuses on the effect of coagulant aids formulation, coagulant dosage, the effect of initial pH and coagulation time on turbidity and ammonia removal in the coagulation of aquaculture wastewater. The finding shows that the highest removal of turbidity and ammonia was obtained with the use of 80% MO and 20% copperas at the condition of initial pH of 6 at 20 min of coagulation time, with the highest percentage removal of 66% and 91%, respectively. The coagulation isotherm of hybrid coagulant 80:20 is well described with the Freundlich isotherm model which describes the surface heterogeneity.
Black Tea Waste as Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in 0.5 M HCl Medium
Authors: Wulandari Meyliana , Zahratussaadah Zahratussaadah , Nofrizal Nofrizal , Radja Pandian Bothi , Andreas Andreas
Published: December 2023

Indonesian black tea (BT) waste was utilized as a green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel (CS) corrosion in a 0.5 M HCl medium. The BT extract was characterized using Fourier transform infra-red. The corrosion inhibition evaluation was studied using conventional weight loss methods, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Further, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray was applied to analyze the surface morphology of pure CS before and after contact with the inhibitor extract. After the addition of inhibitors, CS surface showed a better morphological transformation. The effect of oxygen contamination has also been studied in this research. The corrosion measurements of weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and EIS showed that the %IE BT extract was 84.70; 70.00; 72.80% at 0.20 g/L of inhibitor concentration. Adsorption isotherm studies have determined the reaction mechanism between the CS and inhibitor; in which the adsorption follows Langmuir. Gibbs free energy for the three methods is −16.62; −25.34; −24.35 kJ/mol, indicating electrostatic interaction (physisorption) between the metal surface and inhibitor. SEM and focus ion beam show that oxygen contamination can increase the corrosion rate resulting in CS damage. It shows that tea waste products can be used as an alternative corrosion inhibitor.
Phenolic Compounds from Moroccan Retama monosperma L. Boiss, Berberis vulgaris L. and Ricinus communis L.: Characterization, Antioxidant Activity and Performance Criteria of the Validated Method Using UHPLC/DAD/ESI-MS
Authors: Outaki Meriem , Zefzoufi Manal , Sammama Amal , El Gadali Khadija , Fdil Rabiaa , El Gaini Layla
Published: December 2023

Components of medicinal plants have many pharmacological activities, including antioxidant activity, playing an important role in limiting oxidative stress that can cause several damages. This paper characterizes polyphenols of Retama monosperma L., Berberis vulgaris L. and Ricinus communis L. plant extracts and evaluates their antioxidant activity by DPPH, conjugated diene and TBARS assay. To ensure the quality of analytical results, this paper presents performance criteria of the validated method using UHPLC/DAD/ESI-MS. Regarding method validation, the results confirm different used tests and evaluate detection and quantification limits. Concerning the characterization and study of antioxidant activity, realized testing showed that R. monosperma is rich in isoflavone, flavone and flavonol. For R. communis, we notice the presence of rutin as a major compound. Meanwhile, B. vulgaris contains significant amounts of gallic acid and p-coumaric acid. These plant extracts have high antioxidant activity due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
PATIENT SAFETY IN NON-OPERATING ROOM ANESTHESIA (NORA)
Authors: Pratomo Bhirowo Yudo , Sudadi  , Hermawan Hendra
Published: December 2023

Praktik pada bidang non-operating room anesthesia (NORA) menimbulkan kekhawatiran terkait adanya risiko potensial berupa cedera ataupun kematian. Jumlah kasus NORA baru-baru ini mengalami peningkatan dikarenakan perawatan anestesi di bawah standar. Keperluan adanya standar pada pelaksanaan NORA baik dari peralatan, petugas, dan fasilitas harus memenuhi kriteria keselamatan. Maka hal ini menjadi perhatian penting dalam pencegahan komplikasi. Tiga langkah paradigma terhadap pendekatan sistematis NORA mencakup pasien, prosedur dan lingkungan. Langkah pertama untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien dalam kasus NORA melalui persiapan tindakan dengan fasilitas yang memadai yaitu pengenalan dengan lokasi, peralatan, dan petugas yang tersedia. Penekanan ditujukan pula pada keterampilan yang terlatih dan komunikasi antara tim anestesi, perawat dan petugas pendukung lainnya. Selain itu, persiapan secara prosedural harus mencakup persiapan pada kemungkinan adanya keadaan darurat dan hasil yang merugikan.