bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Sterol and Triterpenol Biomarkers in Sediments of the Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine-Lagoonal System (Brazil) by UHPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Bataglion Giovana Anceski , Koolen Hector Henrique Ferreira , Weber Rolf Roland , Eberlin Marcos Nogueira
Published: March 2016

Sterols and triterpenols present in sedimentary cores from 12 stations along the Cananéia-Iguape estuarine-lagoonal system were investigated by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Ten sterols and three triterpenols were identified and quantified, indicating both natural and anthropogenic sources. The relative distributions of sterol and triterpenol showed that the study area is submitted to organic matter (OM) from the Ribeira de Iguape River, seawater, surrounding vegetation, and plankton production. The contribution of these sources depends on the region of the estuarine-lagoonal system and the depth of sediment. Regarding anthropogenic sources, only the samples submitted to freshwater flow from the Ribeira de Iguape River presented concentration of coprostanol higher than the threshold value and diagnostic ratios, coprostanol/(coprostanol + cholestanol) and coprostanol/cholesterol, that indicate moderate contamination by domestic sewage in that area of the estuarine-lagoonal system. Therefore, the approach used herein identified the OM sources and its transport along the Cananéia-Iguape estuarine-lagoonal system (Brazil), which is a complex of lagoonal channels located in a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Biosphere Reserve.
Effect of Perioperative Synbiotic Treatment on Bacterial Translocation and Postoperative Infectious Complications after Pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Yokoyama Yukihiro , Miyake Takashi , Kokuryo Toshio , Asahara Takashi , Nomoto Koji , Nagino Masato
Published: March 2016

Background/Aims: This study investigated the effect of perioperative synbiotics on bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and occurrence of infectious complications following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD; University Hospital Medical Information Network ID 000003705). Methods: Patients who were scheduled to undergo PD were randomized to receive preoperative synbiotics or no synbiotics (control group). MLNs were harvested at laparotomy (MLN-1) and after the resection (MLN-2). Blood samples were collected before laparotomy (Blood-1) and on postoperative day 1 (Blood-2). Microorganisms in each sample were detected using a bacterium-specific ribosomal RNA-targeted reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Forty-four patients were included. In all samples, the bacterial detection rate in the MLN-1, MLN-2, Blood-1, and Blood-2 was lower in the synbiotics group than in the control group, although it did not reach a statistically significant difference. There was a significant correlation between the positivity of bacteria in the MLN-2 and Blood-2 samples (p = 0.009). The incidence rate of overall infectious complications was not significantly different between the 2 groups. Among various perioperative factors, the incidence of pancreatic fistula was the only factor that had a significant association with the incidence of infectious complications. Conclusion: The preoperative use of synbiotics did not affect the incidence of infectious complications following PD.
Sickle-Cell Disease in Nigerian Children: Parental Knowledge and Laboratory Results
Authors: Obaro Stephen K. , Daniel Yvonne , Lawson Juliana O. , Hsu Wei-Wei , Dada John , Essen Uduak , Ibrahim Khalid , Akindele Adebayo , Brooks Kevin , Olanipekun Grace , Ajose Theresa , Stewart Claire E. , Inusa Baba P.D.
Published: March 2016

Background: Sickle-cell disease (SCD) is the most common inherited genetic disorder in sub-Saharan Africa, and it is associated with early mortality and lifelong morbidity. Early diagnosis is essential for instituting appropriate care and preventive therapy. Objective: To compare parental knowledge or perception of their offspring's hemoglobin phenotype prior to testing and actual validated laboratory test results. Methods: In a prospective community-based survey, we assessed parental knowledge of their children's hemoglobin phenotype and corroborated this with the results from a laboratory confirmatory test determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: We screened 10,126 children aged less than 5 years. A total of 163 (1.6%) parents indicated that their offspring had been previously tested and had knowledge of the child's hemoglobin genotype. However, 51 (31.2%) of 163 parents of children who had been previously tested did not know the result of their offspring's test, and 18 (35.3%) of these 51 children were found to have SCD. Of those who claimed previous knowledge, 25 (15.3%) of 163 reported incorrect results. Overall, we identified 272 (2.76%) new cases from 9,963 children who had not been previously tested. Conclusion: There is the need to promote public awareness about SCD and the benefit of early diagnosis, quality assurance in laboratory diagnosis and institution of sustainable patient care pathways.
Cidades, cultura e gênero
Authors: Pontes Heloísa
Published: March 2016

Centrado na apreensão das conexões empíricas e das inter-relações analíticas entre produção cultural, cidade e gênero, o artigo visa um tríplice objetivo: mapear alguns dos modelos teóricos utilizados na análise e interpretação desses fenômenos; discutir uma bibliografia específica sobre cidade, linguagem artística e experiência social; analisar o entrelaçamento dessas dimensões na cidade de São Paulo, nos anos de 1940 a 1960, com foco na dramaturgia e com o auxílio de exemplos retirados de Florença, Paris e Buenos Aires. Entendendo as cidades como arenas culturais, como “lugar de germinação, de experimentos e de combate cultural” (Morse), o artigo partilha a ideia de que “as cidades e suas representações se produzem mutuamente” (Gorelik), e defende o argumento de que determinadas manifestações culturais só acontecem em cidades específicas em função das condições sociais, do potencial e dos constrangimentos que enredam a criação, a autoria, a linguagem e as relações de gênero.
Impact of Socioeconomic Status, Ethnicity, and Urbanization on Risk Factor Profiles of Cardiovascular Disease in Africa
Authors: Sliwa Karen , Acquah Letitia , Gersh Bernard J. , Mocumbi Ana Olga
Published: March 2016

Africa is a continent characterized by marked ethnic, sociodemographic, and economic diversity, with profound changes in many regions over the past 2 decades. This diversity has an impact on cardiovascular disease presentation and outcomes. Within Africa and within the individual countries, one can find regions having predominantly communicable diseases such as rheumatic heart disease, tuberculous pericarditis, or cardiomyopathy and others having a marked increase in noncommunicable disease such as hypertension and hypertensive heart disease. Ischemic heart disease remains rare in most countries. Difficulties in the planning and implementation of effective health care in most African countries are compounded by a paucity of studies and a low rate of investment in research and data acquisition. The fiduciary responsibilities of companies working in Africa should include the effective and efficient use of natural resources to promote the overall health of populations.
Islamicated China: China’s Participation in the Islamicate Book Culture during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Authors: Weil Dror
Published: March 2016

By the seventeenth century, Arabo-Persian scholarship in China had adopted elements from Muslim and Chinese book cultures and synthesized them into a new form of scholarship, attested by the hundreds of Arabo-Persian manuscripts extant in repositories in China and around the world and the hundred of copies of printed Chinese works on Islamic themes. This article surveys the history of Chinese participation in Muslim book culture, beginning with a review of the history and general features of texts, in terms of their language and period of composition. The second part of the article provides a more nuanced analysis of texts that circulated in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries throughout China, on the study of Arabo-Persian languages. These linguistic aids and primers of Arabic and Persian highlight the way in which these texts were read and interpreted, in turn, providing meaningful insight into the foundation of China’s intellectual engagement with the Islamicate world.
Calydorea minuana, a new species of Iridaceae from Río de La Plata Grasslands, South America
Authors: DEBLE LEONARDO PAZ , ALVES FABIANO DA SILVA , OLIVEIRA-DEBLE ANABELA S. DE
Published: March 2016

A new species of Calydorea is described and illustrated for northern Uruguay and southwest Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. This new species is closely related to C. nuda however, differs by its dark-blue or dark violet-blue flowers, stamens with white-cream filaments and bigger anthers, and style branches free towards the top. Data on phenology, geographic distribution, conservation, and habitat are provided. Moreover, a table to segregate this new species from its related species, and an identification key for the Calydorea species occurring in the sub-region of “Northern Campos” of Río de La Plata Grasslands are supplied.
An inconspicuous, conspicuous new species of Asian pipesnake, genus Cylindrophis (Reptilia: Squamata: Cylindrophiidae), from the south coast of Jawa Tengah, Java, Indonesia, and an overview of the tangled taxonomic history of C. ruffus (Laurenti, 1768)
Authors: KIECKBUSCH MAX , MECKE SVEN , HARTMANN LUKAS , EHRMANTRAUT LISA , O’SHEA MARK , KAISER HINRICH
Published: March 2016

We describe a new species of Cylindrophis currently known only from Grabag, Purworejo Regency, Jawa Tengah Pro-vince (Central Java), Java, Indonesia. Cylindrophis subocularis sp. nov. can be distinguished from all congeners by the presence of a single, eponymous subocular scale between the 3rd and 4th or 4th and 5th supralabial, preventing contact between the 4th or 5th supralabial and the orbit, and by having the prefrontal in narrow contact with or separated from the orbit. We preface our description with a detailed account of the tangled taxonomic history of the similar and putatively wide-ranging species C. ruffus, which leads us to (1) remove the name Scytale scheuchzeri from the synonymy of C. ruffus, (2) list the taxon C. rufa var. javanica as species inquirenda, and (3) synonymize C. mirzae with C. ruffus. We provide additional evidence to confirm that the type locality of C. ruffus is Java. Cylindrophis subocularis sp. nov. is the second species of Asian pipesnake from Java.
New species of Loneuroides García Aldrete (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera': Ptiloneuridae) from Colombia, and description of the male L. venezolanus García Aldrete
Authors: ALDRETE ALFONSO N. GARCÍA , OBANDO RANULFO GONZÁLEZ , GIRONZA NANCY CARREJO
Published: March 2016

Six species of Colombian Loneuroides García Aldrete are here described and illustrated; also, the male of L. venezolanus García Aldrete is described, on basis of specimens from Valle del Cauca, Colombia. An updated diagnosis of the genus is presented; two species groups, based on the structure of the hypandrium, are recognized in the genus.
Liliputella, a new genus of microscopic, wingless and blind Scydmaenini of the Bismarck Islands (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: March 2016

Liliputella microscopica gen. & sp. nov. is described and placed in the tribe Scydmaenini. This taxon is known from a single male collected on Dyaul Island, the Bismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea). With only 0.68 mm of body length, this beetle is one of the smallest within Scydmaenini. Liliputella microscopica is also blind, wingless, strongly flattened and lightly pigmented, suggesting a possible subterraneous habitat. Alternatively, a large and deep ventral cephalic cavity, a unique character not known in any other species of Scydmaeninae, may be a glandular structure indicative of myrmecophily or termitophily. Liliputella shares several interesting characters with genera that also include blind, wingless and presumably subterraneous species, Eudesis and Pseudoeudesis, e.g., humeral denticles, adjacent antennal insertions or strikingly short tarsi. Morphological structures of the new genus are compared with those of other Scydmaenini, and a preliminary identification key to the genera of this tribe is presented. Possible morphological adaptations of Liliputella to miniaturization are also discussed.
The Superstrong Black Mother
Authors: Elliott Sinikka , Reid Megan
Published: March 2016

When a Baltimore mom hit her son to keep him away from protests, many applauded her—but the myth of the superstrong Black mother does more harm than good.
Babes in Bikeland
Authors: Christianson Bjorn
Published: March 2016

In Minneapolis, an annual “alleycat” bike race has become a powerful tool to educate and celebrate gender diversity in the cycling community.
Becoming a Public Professor
Authors: Badgett M. V. Lee
Published: March 2016

M. V. Lee Badgett with three steps for changing hearts, minds, and policy.
Pitfalls in seismic processing: An application of seismic modeling to investigate acquisition footprint
Authors: Cahoj Marcus P. , Verma Sumit , Hutchinson Bryce , Marfurt Kurt J.
Published: March 2016

The term acquisition footprint is commonly used to define patterns in seismic time and horizon slices that are closely correlated to the acquisition geometry. Seismic attributes often exacerbate footprint artifacts and may pose pitfalls to the less experienced interpreter. Although removal of the acquisition footprint is the focus of considerable research, the sources of such artifact acquisition footprint are less commonly discussed or illustrated. Based on real data examples, we have hypothesized possible causes of footprint occurrence and created them through synthetic prestack modeling. Then, we processed these models using the same workflows used for the real data. Computation of geometric attributes from the migrated synthetics found the same footprint artifacts as the real data. These models showed that acquisition footprint could be caused by residual ground roll, inaccurate velocities, and far-offset migration stretch. With this understanding, we have examined the real seismic data volume and found that the key cause of acquisition footprint was inaccurate velocity analysis.
Comparing P-P, P-SV, and SV-P mode waves in the Midland Basin, West Texas
Authors: De Angelo Michael V. , Hardage Bob A.
Published: March 2016

We acquired 3D multicomponent data in Andrews County, Midland Basin, West Texas with a seismic survey. We extracted direct-SV modes generated by a vertical-force source (an array of three inline vertical vibrators) from the vertical component of multicomponent geophones. This seismic mode, SV-P, was created by reprocessing legacy 2D/3D P-wave seismic data to create converted-wave data and consequently forgoing the need for a multicomponent seismic acquisition program to obtain important S-wave information from the subsurface. We have compared P-P, P-SV, and SV-P traveltime and amplitude characteristics to determine which seismic mode provided better characterization of the targeted reservoirs and reduced exploration risk.
Forming of Information Evaluating Skill by Primary Schoolchildren
Authors: Хиленко  , Khilenko T.
Published: March 2016

The article considers the ways of dedicated forming by younger schoolboys the universal educational actions in the case of information assessment

as an essential condition for achieving the expected results of the initial general education. The process of formation of universal educational

actions that belong to the group of regulatory, is carried out at the lessons in all subjects. The author gives the technique and assignments examples

contributing the development of evaluation activities, analysis, data interpretation by children.
Fluid therapy in foals
Authors: Comyn Imogen
Published: March 2016

Hypovolaemia in foals can be a life-threatening condition and foals can clinically worsen rapidly. Therefore, being able to confidently recognise hypovolaemia and treat this condition is of great importance. Physiologically foals are different from adult horses, these differences are important when considering fluid therapy in foals, as they will allow the foal to rapidly respond to treatment but also necessitate careful monitoring due to potential complications. This review article describes how to approach fluid therapy in a foal.
The description of suicide events investigated by homicide investigation unit between 2011-2015: Sivas example
2011-2015 Yılları arasında cinayet büro tarafından soruşturulmuş intihar vakalarının betimlenmesi: Sivas örneği
Authors: Gönültaş Miraç Burak
Published: March 2016

Suicides are the topic of criminal investigation due to the probability of death as well as it is significant public health problem. Criminal investigation is to enlighten the suicide event with every aspect of it and to investigate whether there is any suspicion. It requires a certain discipline and practice. Suicides events which were completed and serious attempts are investigated by Homicide Investigation Units of every city police of Turkey. The sample of the present study is constituted by annotation of 108 suicide cases which had been investigated by Homicide Unit of Sivas Police between 2011-2015. The present study is retrospective and descriptive. The independent variables of study are completed suicides and suicide attempts and dependent variables of study are gender, age, time of event (season, month, day-night), profession, the method and reason of suicide etc. In the present study, it will be shown how criminal investigation of suicide cases conducts and tried to descript the cases of suicide events occurred. Hence, some proposals related to criminal investigation of suicides are aimed to present. Özetİntihar vakaları önemli bir halk sağlığı problemi olmasının yanı sıra ölüme sebebiyet vermesi nedeni ile de aynı zamanda suç soruşturmasının da konusudur. Suç soruşturması, intihar vakasının her yönü ile aydınlatılmasıdır ve şüpheli bir durumun olup olmadığının araştırılmasıdır. Bu da belli bir disiplin ve pratiği gerektirir. İllerde tamamlanmış intihar vakaları ile ciddi boyutta olan intihar girişimlerini Cinayet Bürolar soruşturur. Bu araştırmanın da örneklemini 2011-2015 yılları arasında, Sivas Cinayet Büro tarafından soruşturması yapılmış 108 intihar vakasının bilgi notları oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma betimleyici ve retrospektif bir çalışmadır. Tamamlanmış intihar ve intihar girişimleri bağımlı değişken olarak belirlenirken; yaş, cinsiyet, olayın zamanı (mevsim, ay, gece-gündüz), çalışma durumu, intihar yöntemi ve sebebi gibi değişkenler ise bağımsız değişkenleridir. Çalışma ile intihar vakalarında suç soruşturmasının nasıl yapıldığı aktarılacak ve Sivas’ta meydana gelen intiharların betimlenmesine çalışılacaktır. Böylece intihar vakalarının suç soruşturması ile ilgili bir takım önerilerin sunulması amaçlanmaktadır.
ANALISIS TIPOLOGI WILAYAH DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN MINAPOLITAN DI PROVINSI GORONTALO
Authors: Arifin Taslim , Kepel Terry L , Amri Syahrial Nur
Published: March 2016

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Amasis MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-AU">Development of the region by Minapolitan approach as a fisheries development concept cannot be applied partially but should be holistic developed by developing all the availability in cities to the rural areas. This study aims to understand the structure and pattern of regional economic growth and to find out the potency and competitiveness of the area as a priority for fisheries development center in Gorontalo Province. This study uses Klassen and Shift-Share (S-S) typology analysis. Area that has the better economic structure is Pohuwato Regency. This region has Gross Regional Domestic Bruto (GRDB) per capita above the provincial value, however economic development still below the provincial level (high income but low growth) or categorized as developed region but stressed category. Boalemo Regency, Pohuwato Regency and Bone Bolango Regency have almost equal fishery development value, which are 18.6%, 16.2% and 12.7% respectively. Gorontalo Regency grow only as large as 7.4 %. This is inseparable from the production of fishery sub-sector in Gorontalo Regency that only share 8% to the fisheries production.<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Amasis MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-AU">Development of the region by Minapolitan approach as a fisheries development concept cannot be applied partially but should be holistic developed by developing all the availability in cities to the rural areas. This study aims to understand the structure and pattern of regional economic growth and to find out the potency and competitiveness of the area as a priority for fisheries development center in Gorontalo Province. This study uses Klassen and Shift-Share (S-S) typology analysis. Area that has the better economic structure is Pohuwato Regency. This region has Gross Regional Domestic Bruto (GRDB) per capita above the provincial value, however economic development still below the provincial level (high income but low growth) or categorized as developed region but stressed category. Boalemo Regency, Pohuwato Regency and Bone Bolango Regency have almost equal fishery development value, which are 18.6%, 16.2% and 12.7% respectively. Gorontalo Regency grow only as large as 7.4 %. This is inseparable from the production of fishery sub-sector in Gorontalo Regency that only share 8% to the fisheries production.
Detecting the Development of Land Use Patterns for Building in Urban Areas by Using High Resolution Image
Authors: Amar A
Published: March 2016

This study aimed at obtaining factual information and overview to the development of land use patterns for buildings in urban areas by interval time period, both spatially and aspatially, by utilizing high-resolution satellite photo image (high resolution spatial image) combined with field observations. This research used survey method approach. The data of this study consisted of primary and secondary data classified into spatial and aspatial data in the form of time series obtained through documents recording techniques, field observations, previous mapping sources, as well as depth interviews. The analysis technique used Image Processing Analysis through programs and software Arc View. The result of research showed that there was a quite rapid development of land use patterns for building in Palu within the last 50 years (≤ 1970 till 2010) It had building addition in 65,173 units (82.28%), from 14,032 units in ≤1970 to 79,205 units in 2010, and the addition of extensive use of land for building was 4723.52 ha (89.06%), from 516.98 ha in ≤ 1970 to 4723.52 ha in 2010. The development level of land use patterns for building was getting along with the size of distribution and population growth in Palu.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK DAN KEPADATAN PENDUDUK DENGAN BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK TRANSPORTASI KOTA
Authors: Handajani Mudjiastuti , Riyanto Bambang
Published: March 2016

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Amasis MT','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-AU">Fuel oil and transport is important to study because it relates to the environment and the local economy, nationally and globally. Fuel  for urban transport is influenced by the number and density of population. The purpose of the study is to analyze the population density of the city and fuel consumption/capita for metropolitan cities in the world, in Indonesia, the metropolitan city of Semarang and large city of Surakarta. The analysis is performed using bivarate. Metropolis developed countries shows: the more densely populated cities, fuel consumption/capita is the lower. For Indonesian cities and metropolitan cities of Semarang and Surakarta big show: the more densely populated city, fuel consumption does not always decreased. To be efficient fuel consumption city, the city's transportation system using mass public transportation and land use arrangements made compact. Efficient fuel consumption, can improve the health and economy of the State.
Nutritional Composition of Frozen Fillets from Pangasius Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis nilotcus) Imported to European Countries
Authors: Kulawik Piotr , Migdał Władysław , Tkaczewska Joanna , Gambuś Florian , Szczurowska Katarzyna , Özoğul Fatih
Published: March 2016

The proximate composition, fatty acids and amino acids profile as well as mineral composition of frozen fillets from Pangasius catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) imported to Poland (PP), Germany (PG) and Ukraine (PU) and fillets from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilotcus) imported to Poland (TP) and Germany (TG) were investigated. PU contained ten times more fat than PG and PP. Tilapia fillets contained higher levels of n-3 fatty acids and showed more preferable n-6/n-3 ratio than pangasius fillets. The fillets of PG contained higher levels of protein and essential amino acids than PU and PP, however the amino acids composition of pangasius and tilapia fillets was similar for all specimens. The fillets of PP and PU contained significantly higher amounts of sodium than other studied groups, which suggests that they were subjected to additional treatment to increase their water holding capacity. The results show significant differences in the nutritional composition of pangasius depending on their place of import, thus it was recommended that more information regarding the nutritional composition of the frozen fillets sold through self-service freezers should be provided for the final consumer.
Molecular Characterization and Phylogeny Based Analysis of Intron I Sequence of Myostatin (MSTN) Gene in Iranian Makuei Sheep Breed
Authors: Farhadian Mohammad , Hashemi Ali
Published: March 2016

Myostatin (MSTN), a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development, acts as a potential candidate gene used to increase muscle mass. Likewise, sheep MSTN gene has an important role in meat production. MSTN is made up of 376 amino acids, and is synthesized as a precursor protein. To investigate the MSTN in Iranian native Makuei sheep, a polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis was used. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood samples. A 417-bp of MSTN intron I segment was amplified using locus-specific primers. Four SSCP patterns were identified and nucleotide sequencing of the Makuei sheep MSTN gene was done and registered in the NCBI GenBank with “KJ526625” number. Three novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in the samples. These SNPs are found in 224bp, 226bp and 242bp locations. Accordingly three substitutions (c.224C>T; c.226A>G; c.242G>T) were observed in the intron 1 region of MSTN gene. The effects of the observed SNPs on breeding values of some biometric traits were investigated and the substitution of c.226A>G was found to be associated with heart girth (HG) and leg circumference (LC). Phylogenetic analysis, based on the nucleotide sequences indicated similar evaluation with the GenBank reference sequences. It seems that the observed polymorphisms of the ovine MSTN gene are associated with HG and LC traits.
Travelling among Languages – Comparing Language Learning Beliefs of Learners at Home Versus Migrant or Immigrant Workers
Authors: Biró Enikő
Published: March 2016

The paper presents a qualitative approach to language learning beliefs while analysing case studies in detail to offer significant insight into these beliefs and language learning as well. A number of studies have shown that the belief system of language learners plays a decisive role in their success and failure in language learning (Bernat & Gvozdenko 2005; Horwitz 2008). The research presents the content analysis of interviews with bilingual participants. Interviews were carried out with migrant workers, other interviews with bilingual students in Romania, as well as online interviews with immigrant workers in the EU. The paper explores different beliefs learners hold regarding learning languages. By comparing migrant workers’ and students’ beliefs the complexity of positive and negative beliefs are presented. These may change due to previous and current language learning experiences, cultural-, social-, and educational background, personality traits, etc. The result of the qualitative analysis has shown that beliefs are linked to the particular language placed in a socialcultural dimension; the same beliefs may not be possible to be transferred to the next language being learnt, individual differences in beliefs regarding learning languages and their dynamic change in different language learning processes are investigated in details.
Translation of Transylvanian Culture-Specific Items into English
Authors: Kémenes Árpád
Published: March 2016

The present paper focuses on some difficulties encountered during the translation of culture-specific items in Zsuzsa Tapodi’s articles Links between the East and the West: Historical Bonds between the Hungarians and the Balkan Peoples and Hungarian Ethnographic Region in Romania, published in the May 2014 issue of Carmina Balcanica. As far as the theoretical framework adopted in this study is concerned, the terminology on translation strategies relies on the taxonomy developed by Aixelá (1996), while the classification of culture-specific items has been influenced by Dimitriu (2002) and Yılmaz-Gümüş (2012). The study provides a definition of the term ‘culture-specific item’, considers the targetreaders’ awareness of source-language culture, and presents a number of translation strategies applied to mediate culture-bound information between the source and target cultures.
Studentification in Bloemfontein, South Africa
Authors: Ackermann Anton , Visser Gustav
Published: March 2016

Studentification is a global phenomenon that has been prominent in urban geographical discourse since the large-scale expansion of higher education in the early 1990s. In many developed and developing world countries, expansion in student enrolment has outstripped the ability of institutions of higher learning to provide adequate accommodation. Similar trends have been recorded in South Africa. The task of this paper is to investigate studentification as experienced in one of South Africa’s secondary cities. The paper draws attention to the economic, socio-cultural, and physical characteristics of this form of student housing on host locations. It is argued that studentification holds both positive and negative impacts for the host communities of Bloemfontein. Finally, it is suggested that studentification in South Africa requires greater research attention.
History Dependent Viterbi Algorithm for Navigation Purposes of Line Following Robot
Authors: Matczak Grzegorz , Mazurek Przemyslaw
Published: March 2016

Line following robots are applied in numerous applications and the best performance could be obtained if the forward looking camera is applied. Variable light and line conditions influence the line estimation and quality of the robot navigation. Proposed History Dependent Viterbi Algorithm and Viterbi Algorithm are compared. Obtained results using Monte Carlo tests show improved performance of the proposed algorithm for assumed model.
Long-Memory Dependence Statistical Models for DDoS Attacks Detection
Authors: Andrysiak Tomasz , Saganowski Łukasz , Maszewski Mirosław , Grad Piotr
Published: March 2016

DDoS attacks detection method based on modelling the variability with the use of conditional average and variance in examined time series is proposed in this article. Variability predictions of the analyzed network traffic are realized by estimated statistical models with long-memory dependence ARFIMA, Adaptive ARFIMA, FIGARCH and Adaptive FIGARCH. We propose simple parameter estimation models with the use of maximum likelihood function. Selection of sparingly parameterized form of the models is realized by means of information criteria representing a compromise between brevity of representation and the extent of the prediction error. In the described method we propose using statistical relations between the forecasted and analyzed network traffic in order to detect abnormal behavior possibly being a result of a network attack. Performed experiments confirmed effectiveness of the analyzed method and cogency of the statistical models.
IMPACT OF DIFFERENT ORAL HYGIENE AIDS FOR THE REDUCTION OF MORNING BAD BREATH AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS: A CROSSOVER CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Godha Shaijal , Dasar Pralhad L , N Sandesh , Mishra Prashant , Kumar Sandeep , Balsaraf Swati , Bhadauria Upendra Singh , Vyas Shaleen
Published: March 2016

Background and aim. To assess and compare the effects of different oral hygiene procedures on the reduction of morning bad breath, plaque and gingival status in healthy subjectsMethods. A four step cross-over trial was performed on 32 study subjects. They were allocated into four groups: Group I: tooth brushing; Group II: tooth brushing and tongue scraping; Group III: tooth brushing and mouth washing; and Group IV: tooth brushing, tongue scraping and use of mouthwash. A washout interval of 7 days was employed. At the beginning and at the end of all intervention periods, breath score was measured by hand held sulfide monitor (Breath Alert) at four time intervals. The Plaque and Gingival status was evaluated using Plaque and Gingival Index.Results. The highest reduction in mean breath score (2.12±0.65), plaque score (0.75±0.47) and gingival score (0.67±0.41) were found in the Group IV followed by Group II and Group III. A significant positive correlation was observed between plaque scores and gingival scores before intervention (r=0.443; p value<0.001) and after intervention (r=0.846; p value<0.001).Conclusion. The study findings suggest that mechanical aids in conjunction with chemical regimens are considered as the most effective method for reducing the morning bad breath in healthy subjects and should be incorporated in daily oral hygiene practices.
РЕПРЕЗЕНТАТИВНІСТЬ КУЛЬТИВУВАННЯ ДЕНДРОСОЗОЕКЗОТІВ EX SITU У ШТУЧНИХ ЗАПОВІДНИХ ПАРКАХ СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Vlasenko Anastasia S.
Published: March 2016

Preliminary analysis of cultivation of rare dendroflora ex situ of the Ukrainian Steppe is done. The species-specific and geographical location of dendroflora was also considered. The majority of species are cultivated within protected areas, namely the botanical gardens and dendroparks of the Steppe zone of Ukraine. The most abundant and widespread species are Armeniaca vulgaris Mill., Juglans regia L., Juniperus virginiana L. and Thuja occidentalis L. The great number of species is presented in protected zones (artificial parks) of the Donetsk and Odessa administrative regions within the Ukrainian Steppe. The most abundant in protected areas is Armeniaca vulgaris that is ranked third by the frequency of occurrence in protected parks. The most abundant in parks is Thuja occidentalis, which is only registered in five localities in protected areas. This could be explained by fact that Armeniaca vulgaris is introduced to the culture and naturally distributed in Ukrainian Steppe, while Thuja occidentalis naturally does not exist in the Steppe, but is widely used in green construction. The majority of dendroflora species concentrated in botanical gardens (165 species), arboretums (105 species), which are designed to preserve, study, acclimatize and breed the rare and common species of local and world flora. High species diversity was registered for Donetsk (108 species) and Odessa (105 species) region, because in these territories there are botanical gardens with large collections of species of tree and shrub plants of Steppe Ukraine.

We founded some 165 species, representing 94.8% from total number of dendroflora ex situ in collection of botanical gardens of Ukrainian Steppe. The second place by the number of protected rare species takes dendrological parks – we registered 105 (60.4%) species within these areas. The landscape parks contain an estimated 80 species (46.0%).

Key words: dendroflora, ex situ, representativeness, the Steppe, Ukraine, Nature Reserve Fund.
МОРФОМЕТРИЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПЕЧІНКИ ЩУРІВ ЗА УМОВ ПЕРЕДЗАБІЙНОГО СТРЕСУ ТА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ БІОЛОГІЧНО АКТИВНИХ РЕЧОВИН
Authors: Grabovskiy S. S. , Grabovska O. S.
Published: March 2016

We have studied morphometric parameters of rats’ liver under stress conditions using the biologically active substances of plant and animal origin: spleen, Echinacea and Chinese lemon extracts, sprouted grain.

Aerosol introduction of spleen extract to the rats feed for five days before slaughter was caused to liver morphological state moderate deviation, indicating the antistressors properties of polyamines contained in this extract.

The results of model experiment on rats can be used in research of farm animals for correction of pre-slaughter stress influence and getting the receiving of quality industrial production.

Keywords: liver, rats, pre-slaughter stress, spleen extract, Echinacea and Chinese lemon extracts, sprouted grain
ОХРАНЯЕМЫЕ И РЕДКИЕ ВИДЫ В УРБАНОФЛОРЕ ГЕНИЧЕСКА
Authors: Maltseva S. Yu.
Published: March 2016

Urbanization is one of the most characteristic features of scientific and technological progress, which is associated with the rapid growth of cities and the urban population. It leads to irreversible processes of transformation of the natural environment. It anthropogenic transformation in connection with the development of the city and the subsequent rapid urbanization deals a devastating blow to the remnants of natural fractions urbanflora, which is preserved in the vicinity of Genichesk and would threaten the survival of a number of rare species of plants that grow here only in small areas with a small number of individuals.

The article studies the protected and rare species of plants growing in the urban environment Genichesk. The study was conducted by routing way, with the implementation of standard procedures for drying, installation and post-processing of herbarium specimens. The research resulted in found new habitats of species listed in the Red Book, such as Astragalus borysthenicus Klokov, Crambe maritima L., Tulipa gesneriana L., Astrodaucus littoralis (M. Bieb.) Drude, Stipa ucrainica P. Smirn., Tamarix gracillis Willd. Also in the article provides a brief description of 11 species of vascular plants and their sozological value.

Saving the plants, which listed in the Red Book of Ukraine, in the city Genichesk, is a difficult task. The main limiting factors are destruction of habitat, degradation of soil cover. As a result of anthropogenic activities, cultivation, creation of pastures and destruction of natural habitats are declining habitat and abundance of rare and endemic species. Collect flowers for bouquets also reduces the number of rare species. Every year in the spring on the outskirts of the city lit dry grass, which adversely affects the early-flowering plants, including rare, such as Tulipa gesneriana L., Adonis vernalis L., Convallia majalis L. Despite this, a significant number of these plants not only grows urboecotope but also successfully propagates in these conditions. Results of the study show that in the city of Genichesk currently stored favourable living conditions for some protected species, including seven species of Red Book and four species are protected at the level of regional lists. But due to human activity remains a risk of extinction of rare species of Red Book and that requires further monitoring and control of the state of their abundance and distribution in the city, as well as measures to protect their habitats.

Key words: rare species, Red Book, urbanflora, Genichesk.

http://dx.doi.org/10.7905/bbmspu.v5i1.966
ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ КРЫС В ТЕЧЕНИЕ ПЕРВОГО ЧАСА ПОСЛЕ ИНТОКСИКАЦИИ ХЛОРПИРИФОСОМ
Authors: Rosalovsky V. P.
Published: March 2016

We studied the effects of acute chlorpyrifos intoxication on the erythrocytes resistance to acid hemolysis and certain hematological parameters (number of erythrocytes, leucocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and trombocytes, hemoglobin content, hematocrit, trombocrit, and platelet indices).

Acute exposure to 50 mg/kg CPF leads to a decrease in the resistance of main erythrocytes pool to acid hemolysis at 15 minutes after exposure. The number of leucocytes increased by 21,9%, of erythrocytes – by 9,0%, hemoglobin content – by 6,3%, compared to controls, at 15 minutes after exposure. The number of trombocytes decreased by 21,6% at 15 min, by 26,2% at 30 min, by 53,3% at 45 min, and by 56,0% at 60 min after exposure, compared to control means.

Key words: hematological parameters, chlorpyrifos, rats, intoxication.

 

http://dx.doi.org/10.7905/bbmspu.v5i1.968
ІСТОРІЯ ТА СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ЛІСОСМУГ БІОСФЕРНОГО ЗАПОВІДНИКА "АСКАНІЯ-НОВА"
Authors: Listopadsky M. A.
Published: March 2016

The history of creation and the current state of forest belts of the Biosphere Reserve "Askania Nova" are given. Planting of the forest belts was carried out from 1932 to 2001. This period is divided into four historical stages. A schematic map of the forest belts of the reserve is given as a result of up-dated inventory and a height of plantings, width, length, age, type of irrigation, species composition, typological and structural stands’ formula are listed. The modern forest belts cover 234 hectares of the reserve, which is about 1% of its territory. The typological and spatial heterogeneity of the modern belts of the reserve are concluded. The necessity of speedy ecological plants’ rehabilitation based on scientific principles of steppe dendrology is substantiated.

Key words: Askania-Nova, forest belts, typology, steppe dendrology, reserved regime.

 
First record of the genus Psalmopoeus (Araneae: Theraphosidae) in Brazil
Authors: Bertani Rogério , Santos Arthur De Sena , Abbeg Arthur Diesel , Ortiz Flora Roncolatto , De Freitas Marco Antonio
Published: March 2016

We present the first record for the genus Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1895, in Brazil. A female of Psalmopoeus irminia Saager, 1994, was collected in Pacaraíma, state of Roraima, Brazil. This country now has records of all New World tarantula genera of the subfamily Aviculariinae.
Entwicklung und Grundlagen der Stoffwechselüberwachung bei Milchkühen
Authors: Fürll M.
Published: March 2016

Systematische Stoffwechselüberwachung begann im deutschsprachigen Raum Ende der 1960er, Anfang der 1970er Jahre wegen der Zunahme von Stoffwechselstörungen als Ursache für Infertilität und Mastitiden und hatte das Ziel besserer Prophylaxe durch deren Früh diagnostik. Entwicklung eines einheitlichen Stoffwechselstandards: Initiiert von Rossow, Gürtler, Ehrentraut, Seidel und Furcht wurde in den 1970er Jahren ein Standard „Stoffwechselüberwachung in der Rinderproduktion” erarbeitet, der auf Betriebsanalyse, klinischen und biochemischen Kontrollen, Prophylaxe und Nachkontrollen basierte. Kernpunkte waren: periodische Screenings stark belasteter, gesunder Indikatortiere 2–4 Tage post partum (p. p.), 2–8 Wochen p. p. und 1–2 Wochen ante partum, maximal 10 Tiere pro Gruppe, Poolproben sind in der Regel sinnvoll, Einzeltierproben optimal, informativstes Probensubstrat und Parameter nutzen, sorgfältiger Umgang mit Proben, sachkundige Auswertung und Nachkontrolle. Bei Stoffwechselkontrollen von 1982 bis 1989 ergaben sich bei ca. 242000 Kühen im Mittel zu 32,9% Ketosen, 20,0% metabolische Azidosen, 21,9% metabolische Alkalosen, 34,2% Stickstoff-Stoffwechselstörungen, 17,3% Natriummangel und 23,7% Leberstörungen. Weiterentwicklung des Stoffwechselstandards nach 1989: Bearbeitet wurden Referenzwerte bei höherer Milchleistung, die Frühdiagnose von Krankheiten des Fettmobilisationssyndroms sowie bessere Frühdiagnostik durch neue Indikatoren, darunter Kreatinkinase (CK), alkalische Phosphatase (AP) mit Isoenzymen, Akute-Phase-Proteine, Zytokine, Antioxidanzien, Carnitin- und Lipoproteinfraktionen. Optimierte Blut- und Harnscreenings haben gegenüber Milchanalytik wichtige Vorteile. Sie sind eine wichtige Methode zur Gesundheits- und Leistungsstabilisierung durch exakte Ursachenanalyse und abgeleitete Prävention. Klinische Bedeutung: Als Standardspektrum für Screenings haben sich die fruchtbarkeitsrelevanten Parameter freie Fettsäuren, β-Hydroxybutyrat, Harn stoff, anorganisches Phosphat, CK, AP, Natrium, Kalium, Selen, Kupfer, β-Carotin und Netto-Säure- Basen-Ausscheidung bewährt. Sie sollten einmal pro Jahr/Herde, gegebenenfalls als kostengünstige Poolprobe für ca. 50 €, untersucht werden.
A disturbed processing of graviceptive pathways may be involved in the pathophysiology of balance disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Fonseca Bruna Antinori Vignola da , Pereira Cristiana Borges , Jorge Frederico , Simm Renata , Apostolos-Pereira Samira , Callegaro Dagoberto
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between perception of verticality and balance disorders in multiple sclerosis patients. We evaluated patients and healthy controls. Patients were divided into two groups according to their risk of fall, with or without risk of fall, measured by a Dynamic Gait Index scale. Graviceptive perception was assessed using the subjective visual vertical test. Patients with risk of fall showed worse perception than those without risk of fall, p < 0.001. Misperception of verticality was correlated with the dynamic gait index scores (p < 0.001), suggesting that the larger the error for verticality judgment, the greater risk for falling. Considering that the perception of verticality is essential for postural control, our results suggested that the disturbed processing of graviceptive pathways may be involved in the pathophysiology of balance disorders in these patients.
Cerebrospinal fluid examination may be useful in diagnosing neurosyphilis in asymptomatic HIV+ patients with syphilis
Authors: Salamano Ronald , Ballesté Raquel , Perna Abayubá , Rodriguez Natalia , Lombardo Diego , García Natalia , López Pablo , Cappuccio Pablo
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT Lumbar puncture in neurologically asymptomatic HIV+ patients is still under debate. There are different criteria for detecting neurosyphilis through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), especially in cases that are negative through the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL), regarding cellularity and protein content. However, a diagnosis of neurosyphilis can still exist despite negative VDRL. Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) titers and application of the TPHA index in albumin and IgG improve the sensitivity, with a high degree of specificity. Thirty-two patients were selected for this study. VDRL was positive in five of them. The number of diagnoses reached 14 when the other techniques were added. It was not determined whether cellularity and increased protein levels were auxiliary tools in the diagnosis. According to our investigation, CSF analysis using the abovementioned techniques may be useful in diagnosing neurosyphilis in these patients.