bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explorando a possibilidade de atrito linguístico
Authors: De los Santos Bruna da Rosa , Alves Ubiratã Kickhöfel
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo, com o propósito de investigar efeitos de atrito linguístico, entre porto-alegrenses aprendizes de Espanhol como Segunda Língua (L2), analisamos a produção da vogal átona final /e/ em ambas as línguas desses aprendizes, verificando, mais especificamente, seus padrões acústicos (que dizem respeito à altura e anterioridade da língua, bem como os valores de duração absoluta e relativa) em comparação à produção de monolíngues de Espanhol (variedade de Montevidéu/Uruguai) e de Português (variedade de Porto Alegre/Brasil). Em nossas hipóteses prevíamos: (i) diferenças significativas nos valores das frequências formânticas (F1 e F2) e no padrão duracional das produções da vogal átona final /e/ entre as línguas dos bilíngues (Português/L1 e Espanhol/L2); (ii) diferenças não significativas entre a vogal átona final /e/ do Espanhol produzida pelos bilíngues e a produzida pelos monolíngues de Espanhol; e (iii) diferenças significativas nas frequências formânticas (F1 e F2) e no padrão duracional entre a vogal átona final /e/ do PB produzida pelos bilíngues e a sua contraparte produzida pelos monolíngues de PB. Os dados de fala foram obtidos através de Tarefas de Leitura (leitura de frases-veículo). Os resultados indicaram que os bilíngues distinguem, em suas produções, a vogal átona final /e/ entre a L1 (Português) e a L2 (Espanhol), embora não tenham desenvolvido o padrão nativo de altura e anterioridade/posterioridade na L2. Em relação à L1, as produções vocálicas dos bilíngues não se diferenciam significativamente das dos monolíngues de PB. Entretanto, individualmente, alguns bilíngues apontam para sinais de atrito linguístico em altura e anterioridade/posterioridade vocálica.
Alongamento em fronteira de frase entoacional no Português do Brasil
Authors: Soncin Geovana
Published: October 2020

Este artigo investiga o fenômeno do alongamento pré-fronteira em dados do Português Brasileiro. Para tanto, apresenta um experimento de produção delineado para verificar a ocorrência do fenômeno a partir de sentenças em contraste, caracterizadas pela mesma cadeia segmental, mas por fraseamentos prosódicos diferentes. A fronteira de frase entoacional foi eleita para o presente estudo, uma vez que se trata de uma fronteira mais robusta no interior da hierarquia prosódica e, por consequência, porque apresenta a tendência de carregar mais pistas fonéticas para sua demarcação. Não obstante, a referida fronteira foi também selecionada pela sua relevância no fraseamento prosódico e por seu consequente papel de importância no processamento da fala. Como principal resultado, o estudo apresenta amparo estatístico que permite afirmar a ocorrência do alongamento pré-fronteira nos dados analisados, resultado que é contrastado com achados anteriores para o Português. Com os resultados apresentados, o presente artigo propõe uma breve discussão sobre o papel desempenhado pelo método na análise de dados linguísticos, especialmente na área de fonética e fonologia.
role of instruction in the perception of English high back vowels
Authors: Sousa Filho Raimundo Nonato , Zaccaron Rafael , Silveira Rosane , Dall’Igna Carlla
Published: October 2020

This article aims to analyze whether formal instruction influences Brazilian speakers' perception of the English high back vowels contrast. There have been a few L2 pieces of research that focused on the instruction of specific vowel contrasts. Previous studies indicate that a single L1 category seems to be a source of difficulty to L2 vowel discrimination. However, some of these investigations did not focus on the role of instruction to such discrimination. The participants of the present study were 17 Brazilian speakers of Portuguese as L1, beginning learners of English, divided into experimental and control groups. The study included a perception pretest, a pronunciation instruction class, taught only to the experimental group, and a perception posttest. Results showed that experimental and control groups obtained similar results. Based on that, some factors were pointed to possibly explain this outcome, such as the duration of the pronunciation instruction, the possibility of participants learning with the pretest itself, the duration of the data collection, the participants' possible assimilation of the target contrast into a single category, and the interference of the mid central vowel /?/ used as a distractor in the data collection. On the other hand, a qualitative analysis revealed that all participants in the experimental group found the pronunciation instruction helpful. Such findings seem to agree entirely or in part with other similar studies' results.
Retomada do tom médio após intervalos de sonoridade
Authors: Martins Marcus Vinicius Moreira , Ferreira Netto Waldemar
Published: October 2020

A análise da média global das locuções é uma estratégia
para a avaliação da prosódia emocional. Esta pesquisa tem o propósito de
verificar se o Tom Médio pode ser referência para outras avaliações de
F0. De gravações de narrativas, extraíram-se o Tom Médio e o Tom Médio
móvel de F0 de sujeitos agrupados. Compararam-se os valores de
recuperação de F0 em relação a essas medidas quando ocorriam
interrupções de sonoridade na fala. A razão esperada seria 1. Ainda que
houvesse alguma diferenciação entre os grupos, as razões oscilaram entre
0,98 e 1,04, com desvio-padrão entre 0,04 e 0,05. Esses resultados
apontaram para o fato de que após interrupções de sonoridade, os
locutores tendem à recuperação dos valores do Tom Médio que antecediam
essa interrupção. Os resultados corroboram a hipótese de que o Tom Médio
é uma medida de referência segura para a avaliação das variações de F0.
Análise acústica do schwa na produção oral de aprendizes brasileiros de francês língua estrangeira em diferentes níveis de aprendizagem
Authors: Sampaio Felipe Sousa , Lima Jr Ronaldo Mangueira
Published: October 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar o comportamentoacústico do schwa na produção de aprendizes brasileiros de francêslíngua estrangeira (FLE) em diferentes níveis de aprendizagem,iniciante, intermediário e independente, em uma coleta transversal. Paratanto, comparamos os valores formânticos da produção do schwa dosparticipantes com os das vogais [ø œ e ? o ?], frequentementeutilizadas por aprendizes no lugar do schwa; investigamos se a duraçãorelativa do schwa diminui com o avanço no nível de aprendizagem e se émenor do que a duração das vogais médias vizinhas; e verificamos astaxas de apagamento do schwa, procurando relacionar apagamento comnível de aprendizagem. Como resultados, obtivemos que o schwa seencontra sobreposto acusticamente às outras vogais médias, nos trêsgrupos; não ocorreu redução do valor de duração com o aumento do nívelde aprendizagem; os participantes produziram o schwa com duraçãorelativa menor do que apenas as vogais [ø] [œ] e [?], nos gruposiniciante e independente; e as taxas de apagamento entre os grupos nãoforam estatisticamente significativas. O estudo contribui para adescrição da produção do schwa do francês por aprendizes brasileiros,que, por sua vez, tem o potencial para direcionar práticas pedagógicasde FLE.
Iron Status in Female Athletes In Dhaka City
Authors: Alam T , Rahman S M N , Tasnim N , Sultana S , Begum R
Published: October 2020

Iron deficiency anemia may impair athletic performance. Long term training has been associated with iron depletion in athletes involve in heavy exercise, especially in women. The cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of physiology, of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2010 to June 2011 to assess the serum iron status in female athletes and its importance on performance. For this purpose a total number of 105 subjects (70 female athletes and 35 non athletes) were included within the age ranged from 15-25 years. In this study 35 apparently healthy female non athletes were selected as control (Group- A) and 70 female athletes were selected as study group (Group- B) according to sporting category. This study group was further subdivided as (Group-B1) runners and (Group-B2) cyclists. Serum iron status were measured and recorded For comparison between two groups, statistical analysis was done by student's unpaired "C test. Mean Iron and Ferritin level were significantly (P<0.001) lower in athletes than those of control group. Within the study group, runner's serum Iron and serum ferritin level were lower than those of group B2. The present study showed that intense physical exercise leading to early stages of iron depletion which might compromise the health and performance of athletes, among them runners were more affected than cyclists.
Obesity in Samoa: Culture, History and Dietary Practices
Authors:   Oceania University of Medicine Samoa, Lameko Viali
Published: October 2020

This paper provides an overview, from an historical perspective, to identify the structural factors that have created an ‘obesogenic’ environment in contemporary Samoa. The prevalence of obesity among Samoan adults had dramatically increased over the past four decades and is now affecting about 59 % of men and 81 % of women in this small island country, respectively. More alarming is the association of obesity with prevalent non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, stroke, cancer and heart attack. There are multiple factors at work which include, but not limited to, behaviour related to a nutrition transition, limited physical activities, sedentary lifestyle and cultural food practices. The question is why and how the people of Samoa changed their traditional diet, consisting mostly of taro, breadfruit, coconut, and fish, to meals consisting of mainly imported, processed food items laden with sugar, saturated fat and salt. This dietary change has not occurred because Samoan customs and culture of food has changed; it is the food that has changed. Keywords: obesity, culture, dietary practices, nutrition transition.
Using satellite measurements and mesoscale modelling to
understand the contribution to an extreme air pollution
event in India
Authors: Vellalassery Ashique , Pillai Dhanyalekshmi , Marshall Julia , Gerbig Christoph , Buchwitz Michael , Schneising Oliver
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Several ambient air quality records corroborate severe and persistent degradation of air quality over North India during the winter months with evidence of a continued increasing trend of pollution across the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) over the past decade. A combination of atmospheric dynamics and uncertain emissions, including the post-monsoon agricultural stubble burning, make it challenging to resolve the role of each individual factor. Here we demonstrate the potential use of an atmospheric transport model, the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) to identify and quantify the role of transport mechanisms and emissions on the occurrence of the pollution events. The investigation is based on the use of CO observations from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), onboard the Sentinel 5-Precursor satellite, and the surface measurement network as well as WRF-Chem simulations to investigate the factors contributing to CO enhancement over India during November 2018. We show that the simulated column-averaged dry air mole fraction (XCO) is largely consistent with TROPOMI observations with a spatial correlation coefficient of 0.87. The surface-level CO concentrations show larger sensitivities to boundary layer dynamics, wind speed, and diverging source regions, leading to a complex concentration pattern and reducing the observation-model agreement with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.41 to 0.60 for measurement locations across the IGP. We find that daily satellite observations can provide a first-order inference of the CO transport pathways during the enhanced burning period, and this transport pattern is reproduced well in the model. By using the observations and employing the model at a comparable resolution, we confirm the significant role of atmospheric dynamics as well as residential, industrial and commercial emissions in the production of the exorbitant level of air pollutants in North India. We find that biomass burning plays only a minimal role in both column and surface enhancements of CO, except for in the state of Punjab during the high pollution episodes. While the model reproduces observations reasonably well, a better understanding of the factors controlling the model uncertainties is essential to relate the observed concentrations to the underlying emissions. Overall, our study emphasizes the importance of undertaking rigorous policy measures, mainly focusing on reducing residential, commercial and industrial emissions in addition to actions already underway in the agricultural sectors.
Space variability of hydrological responses of Nature-Based Solutions
and the resulting uncertainty
Authors: Qiu Yangzi , da Silva Rocha Paz Igor , Chen Feihu , Versini Pierre-Antoine , Schertzer Daniel , Tchiguirinskaia Ioulia
Published: October 2020

Abstract. During the last decades, the urban hydrological cycle has been strongly modified by the built environment, resulting in fast runoff and increasing the risk of waterlogging. Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), which apply green infrastructures, have been more and more widely considered as a sustainable approach for urban stormwater management. However, the assessment of NBS performance still requires further modelling development because of their hydrological responses sensitively depends on the representation of multiscale space variability of both the rainfall and the NBS distribution. Indeed, we initially argue this issue with the help of the multifractal intersection theorem. To illustrate the importance of this question, the spatial heterogeneous distributions of two series of NBS scenarios (porous pavement, rain garden, green roof, and combined) are quantified with the help of their fractal dimension. We point out consequences of their estimates. Then, a fully-distributed and physically-based hydrological model (Multi-Hydro) was applied to consider the studied catchment and these NBS scenarios with a spatial resolution of 10 m under two different types of rainfall: distributed and uniform, and for three rainfall events. These simulations show that the impact of spatial variability of rainfall on the uncertainty of peak flow of NBS scenarios ranges from about 8 % to 17 %, which is more pronounced than those of the total runoff volume. In addition, the spatial variability of the rainfall intensity at the largest rainfall peak responds almost linearly to the uncertainty of the peak flow of NBS scenarios. However, the hydrological responses of NBS scenarios are less affected by the spatial distribution of NBS. Finally, the intersection effects of the spatial variability of rainfall and the spatial arrangement of NBS seem more pronounced for the peak flow of green roof scenarios and the total runoff volume of combined scenarios.
3D multiple-point statistics simulations of the Roussillon Continental Pliocene aquifer using DeeSse
Authors: Dall'Alba Valentin , Renard Philippe , Straubhaar Julien , Issautier Benoit , Duvail Cédric , Caballero Yvan
Published: October 2020

Abstract. This study introduces a novel workflow to model the heterogeneity of complex aquifers using the multiple-point statistics algorithm DeeSse. We illustrate the approach by modeling the Continental Pliocene layer of the Roussillon aquifer in the region of Perpignan (southern France). When few direct observations are available, statistical inference from field data is difficult if not impossible and traditional geostatistical approaches cannot be applied directly. By contrast, multiple-point statistics simulations can rely on one or several alternative conceptual geological models provided using training images (TIs). But since the spatial arrangement of geological structures is often non-stationary and complex, there is a need for methods that allow to describe and account for the non-stationarity in a simple but efficient manner. The main aim of this paper is therefore to propose a workflow, based on the direct sampling algorithm DeeSse, for these situations. The conceptual model is provided by the geologist as a 2D non-stationary training image in map view displaying the possible organization of the geological structures and their spatial evolution. To control the non-stationarity, a 3D trend map is obtained by solving numerically the diffusivity equation as a proxy to describe the spatial evolution of the sedimentary patterns, from the sources of the sediments to the outlet of the system. A 3D continuous rotation map is estimated from inferred paleo-orientations of the fluvial system. Both trend and orientation maps are derived from geological insights gathered from outcrops and general knowledge of processes occurring in these types of sedimentary environments. Finally, the 3D model is obtained by stacking 2D simulations following the paleo-topography of the aquifer. The vertical facies transition between successive 2D simulations is controlled partly by the borehole data used for conditioning and by a sampling strategy. This strategy accounts for vertical probability of transitions, which are derived from the borehole observations, and works by simulating a set of conditional data points from one layer to the next. This process allows us to bypass the creation of a 3D training image, which may be cumbersome, while honoring the observed vertical continuity.
Responses to severe weather warnings and affective decision-making
Authors: Weyrich Philippe , Scolobig Anna , Walther Florian , Patt Anthony
Published: October 2020

Abstract. When public agencies provide information provision to help people make
better decisions, they often face the choice between economy and
completeness. For weather services warning people of high-impact weather
events, this choice is between offering standard warnings (SWs) only of the
weather event itself, such as wind-speed, or also describing the likely
impacts (so-called impact-based warnings, IBWs). Previous studies have shown
IBWs to lead to a greater behavioral response. These studies, however, have
relied on surveys describing hypothetical weather events; given that
participants did not feel threatened, they may have been more likely to
process the warning slowly and analytically, which could bias the results
towards finding a greater response to the IBWs. In this study, we conducted
a field experiment involving actual and potentially threatening weather
events for which there was variance with respect to the time interval between
the warning and the forecasted event and for which we randomly assigned
participants to receive SWs or IBWs. We observe that shorter time intervals
led to a greater behavioral response, suggesting that fear of an imminent
threat is an important factor motivating behavior. We observe that IBWs
did not lead to greater rates of behavioral change than SWs, suggesting that
when fear is a driving factor, the additional information in IBWs may be of
little importance. We note that our findings are highly contextualized, but
we call into question the prevailing belief that IBWs are necessarily more
helpful than SWs.
Determinants of corporate performance: Empirical evidence from the insurance companies listed on Abu Dhabi securities exchange (ADX)
Authors: AL-Mutairi Abdullah , Naser Hani , Naser Kamal
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify factors that impact the performances of the insurance companies listed on ADX. Factors employed in this study include liquidity, general and administration expenses, risk, size, tangibility and age. The annual financial statements of all seventeen insurance companies listed on ADX covering the period 2013-2019 were sampled and analyzed through a panel regression. The analysis indicates that corporate age is the most significant positive factor that determine the profitability of the insurance companies listed on ADX. The durability of the insurance company in the GCC countries suggests that the firm has created good image, attract more customers, increased revenues to cover expenses and make profit. Thus, age is an important positive factor of the performance of insurance companies listed on ADX. Moreover, it is obvious that dissatisfied customer with the service of an insurance company will not only cease dealing with it, they deliver bad news about it by using the word of mouth and the powerful social media that play efficient role in formulating the image about the company. The outcome of this study might help investors in formulating their decision to invest in an insurance company. For instance, it helps them to focus on the age of the insurance company before they make their decision.
The effect of the credit query in reducing credit risks from the viewpoint of workers in Jordanian banks
Authors: Khanji Ibrahim Marwan , Siam Ahmad Zakaria
Published: October 2020

The study aimed to identify the impact of the credit query in reducing credit risks from the viewpoint of workers in Jordanian banks, and to achieve the goal of the study, the researchers adopted the descriptive analytical approach, where a questionnaire is designed and distributed to a sample of (176) individuals within the upper and middle administrative levels in Jordanian banks. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which is the existence of a negative correlation between the level of use of the credit query system and each of the financial, administrative and legal credit risks, in addition a statistically significant effect of using the credit query system in reducing the financial, administrative and legal credit risks. The study recommended that Jordanian banks should continue to use the credit system because of its positive effects on the efficiency and effectiveness of granting credit to business organizations or individuals alike.
Business environment and labor productivity: The case of the Vietnamese firms
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Cuc , Nguyen Huu Trinh , Thai Thi Kim Oanh , Ho Thi Dieu Anh , Tuyen Nguyen Van , Le Thi Minh Thy , Nguyen Thanh Cuong , Ngo Cong Binh
Published: October 2020

This paper examines the effects of the business environment on the labor productivity of Vietnamese manufacturing firms in the period of 2010-2018 using enterprise-level panel data drawn from Vietnamese Annual Enterprise Censuses and province-level surveys of the Provincial Competitiveness Index. Results show that in addition to traditional determinants, variables related to ease of business are found to contribute significantly to the labor productivity throughout the sample. The results support the arguments that Vietnam’s government policy in building a good business environment plays a crucial role in stimulating the economic growth, especially in terms of a broaden base for the economic development. Empirical studies about the in-depth effects of institutional changes on the labor productivity in the manufacturing industries will be fruitful research agenda.
The impact of governance on agricultural production as an exclusive factor of the country’s food security
Authors: Pruntseva Gelena , Popadynets Nazariy , Barna Marta , Stetsiv Ihor , Stetsiv Iryna , Yakubiv Valentyna , Shymanovska-Dianych Lyudmila , Fedotova Yana , Karpiak Maria , Hryhoruk Iryna
Published: October 2020

The agricultural production, due to the specificity of the functioning of the agricultural industry, is influenced by factors that have significant impacts on agricultural enterprises and determine the importance of state support. The unpredictable factors of agrarian production such as weather, natural disaster, and epidemics increase the risks of agricultural business. That is why farmers need to attract investments. But some farmers do not attract investment because of government subsidies. Besides, using government subsidies could have a negative impact on agrarian business. So, it is necessary to establish the effectiveness of governance for agricultural production and food security in general.
The macroeconomic determinants of stock price fluctuations in Amman Stock Exchange
Authors: Ghazo Abdallah , Abu-Lila Ziad , Ajlouni Sameh
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the key macroeconomic variables that affected stock price fluctuations in Amman Stock Exchange during the period 1980-2018. Using Augmented Dickey-fuller (ADF) test, it was found that the variables did not have the same degree of integration. According to Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey test, the residuals violated the constant variance assumption under Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model. Therefore, the study employed Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) methodology to analyze the model after taking the first difference of natural logarithm for all variables to be stationary at the same level and to show the fluctuation in the variables. It was found that fluctuations in portfolio investment and in industrial production index are statically significant to lead fluctuations in the stock price index in Amman Stock Exchange and they follow the same direction, whereas fluctuations in real effective exchange rate, real interest rate, and Brent crude oil prices were statically significant to lead fluctuations in the stock price index but in the opposite direction.
Corporate governance and firm performance
Authors: Nugroho Mulyanto
Published: October 2020

This research discusses and analyzes scientific, macroeconomic, financial risk management, audit views, stock returns, investment decisions, funding decisions, and good corporate governance as a moderator. There are 147 samples of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results of this study indicate that there are four insignificant hypotheses. The results indicate: Macroeconomics does not have a substantial effect on Financial Risk Management, Good corporate governance (GCG) is having no significant impact on Going Concern Audit Opinion. Stock Return is having no significant effect on Going Concern Audit Opinion; GCG does not moderate the impact of Stock Return on Going Concern Audit Opinion when the level of significance is five percent.
Audit committee quality and audit report lag: the role of mandatory adoption of IFRS in Saudi companies
Authors: Aldoseri Mahfod Mobarak , Hassan Nasr Taha , Melegy Magdy Melegy Abd El Hakim
Published: October 2020

This paper aims to examine the effect of audit committee characteristics on audit report lag, and also explores whether this effect will vary between before and after mandatory adoption of IFRS in Saudi listed companies. Based on a Saudi sample of 388 firm-year observations from 2015 to 2018, the Poisson regression analysis shows that among audit committee characteristics, only audit committee financial experience significantly influences the timing of financial reporting. The result indicates a weak influence of audit committees on timeliness of financial reporting, which is consistent with the results of most of previous studies. On the other hand, the results show a strong impact of the adoption of IFRS on the context of that relationship, where the results show the impact of IFRS on audit report lag, audit committee quality and the association between them.
A characterization of ordered Γ-semigroups by ordered (m,n)-Γ-ideals
Authors: Abbasi Mohammad Yahya , Basar Abul , Ali Akbar
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we study (m,n)-regular ordered Γ-semigroups through ordered (m,n)-Γ-ideals. It is shown that if (S,Γ,·,≤) is an ordered Γ-semigroup; m,n are non-negative integers and A(m,n) is the set of all ordered (m,n)-Γ-ideals of S. Then, S is (m,n)-regular⇐⇒ ∀A ∈ A(m,n), A = (AmΓSΓAn]. It is also proved that if (S,Γ,·,≤) is an ordered Γ-semigroup and m,n are nonnegative integers and R(m,0) and L(0,n) is the set of all (m,0)-Γideals and (0,n)-Γ-ideals of S, respectively. Then, S is (m,n)-regular ordered Γ semigroup ⇐⇒∀R ∈R(m,0)∀L ∈L(0,n),R∩L = (RmΓL∩RΓLn].
Quantitative Study of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Algeria: A Perspective
Authors: Amina Bendjelloul , Mohamed Bennekrouf , Sihem Kouloughli
Published: October 2020

MSWM (Municipal Solid Waste Management) is a challenge in developing countries, especially in Algeria. In this paper, a quantitative analysis is proposed, showing that the collection of recyclable items qualified as a high-quality raw material will build a wide profit. The locations
of recycling centers in Algeria were determined for the plastic, paper/cardboard, metal, textile and glass. The annual generated amount of each type of recyclable was defined and finally a range of purchase prices was established to estimate the possible price to sell these products. The purpose
was to find the most profitable recyclable material to be collected in order to motivate both the informal sector and the recycling industry to collect recyclables. It was observed that plastic is the most profitable recyclable followed by the paper/cardboard, and then textile.
Anaerobic Digestion of Floral Waste and Methane Enrichment: A Sustainable Approach for Waste to Energy Conversion
Authors: Milind B. Kulkarni , Ghanegaonkar P.M.
Published: October 2020

Disposal of floral waste into water or landfill because of religious beliefs causes water and soil pollution. The purpose of present experimental work is to find an energy proficient solution for the disposal of floral waste. The method used in the present work includes anaerobic digestion
of floral waste for biogas generation. The proposed method aims to follow waste-to-energy approach, for meeting the local energy demands. The techniques for getting enhanced biogas production from floral waste include novel alkaline chemical pretreatment of floral waste, and co-digestion of
floral waste along with food waste. Alkaline chemical pretreatment of floral waste using sodium carbonate showed improved biogas production up to 106%, as compared to the traditional sodium hydroxide chemical pretreatment. Also, a reduction in the cost of chemical pretreatment up to 90% was
possible. Co-digestion of floral waste along with food waste was also found effective for getting enhanced biogas output. A feedstock mixture of 70% of floral waste and 30% food waste could produce 32.6% more biogas than the singular feedstock in the form of floral waste. Alkaline pretreatment
of floral waste using sodium carbonate and co-digestion with food waste seem to be the novelty of the work. Application of chemical absorption technique for biogas quality improvement could enrich the methane content of biogas up to 96%. Large-scale application of the proposed techniques of
solid waste management can meet the energy demands at potential locations. The biogas with enriched methane content can suitable for widespread applications, such as vehicular applications and electricity generation for the benefit of the end users.
An Integrated Geophysical and Geochemical Investigation of an Open Dumpsite in a Sedimentary Formation
Authors: Ojo A.O. , Olurin O.T. , Ganiyu S.A. , Badmus B.S. , Idowu O.A.
Published: October 2020

The extents of migration of leachate plumes and the probabilistic assessment of human health risks were carried out on Oke-Diya dumpsite, Sagamu, Southwestern Nigeria. Geophysical methods involving Very Low Frequency-Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and Electrical Resistivity Topography (ERT)
techniques, and Atomic Absorption Spectrometric (AAS) geochemical method were used to map and detect the presence and extent of leachate migration. The VLFEM pseudo-sections revealed conductive zones of responses 25 - 50 to a depth of about 15 m and approximated distance 50 m from the study
area. The 2D and 3D ERT models delineated high conductive zones with very low resistivity values ranging from 0.551-6.54 and 2.4respectively. These conductive regions were observed to depths above 13.4 m and approximated distance 60 m from the study area in the 2D models. The 3D sections comprising
of the horizontal depth slices, vertical planes and volumetric displays revealed regions with higher conductivity to a depth of about 21.9 m and approximated distance 50 m from the dumpsite. The mean concentrations of heavy metals Pb, Ni, Cd, Zn, Fe and Cu in the soil samples were higher than
the concentrations in the control samples. The human health risk assessment indicated unacceptable values for non-carcinogenic adverse effects for both children and adults. The probabilistic cancer risks were within the acceptable range for Pb and unacceptable for Cd for both the children
and adults. Generally, this study had identified areas of concentrated plumes accumulation and migration pathways, which were in agreement with earlier studies in sedimentary terrain.
Aspectos relacionados a la educación sexual y reproductiva de las jóvenes migrantes de Baja California, México
Authors: González Galbán Humberto
Published: October 2020

La realización del artículo tiene como objetivo conocer aspectos sobre educación sexual y reproductiva de la población inmigrante joven residente en la región fronteriza del norte de México específicamente, Baja California, un Estado atractivo para las jóvenes migrantes del país por su situación geográfica limítrofe con Estados Unidos. Metodológicamente se ha analizado diferentes fuentes documentales relacionadas a la salud sexual y reproductiva de las jóvenes migrantes a Baja California. Se consultó la Encuesta de Salud Reproductiva en México de la Secretaría de Salud 2003 –ESRMEX-, Encuesta de Salud Reproductiva en la Adolescencia,2006 -ESRABC- del Colegio de La Frontera Norte (2006), así como registros estadísticos de instituciones como el INEGI.Algunos de los hallazgos encontrados se refieren al escaso conocimiento sexual de las jóvenes lo que parece no atenuar las enfermedades de trasmisión sexual y el alto valor de embarazos no planificados en las mismas. Los más importantes informantes sobre la educación sexual y reproductiva son los padres y maestros y no los pares de las jóvenes o los medios de comunicación como se suponía, no obstante, se requiere un mayor conocimiento de dichos temas a través de la comunicación filiar e institucional como escuelas y centros de salud. Se resalta que las políticas dirigidas a resolver las problemáticas de salud reproductiva de la juventud, no son totalmente efectivas si buscan incidir sólo en el conocimiento y el uso de anticonceptivos de los adolescentes sin tratar de trabajar en la resolución de contradicciones esenciales existentes que impiden el desarrollo pleno de los jóvenes, particularmente desegmentos poblacionales de gran peso relativo en contextos como el de Baja California, como los inmigrantes. La extensión de actitudes permisivas en torno a la sexualidad de las más jóvenes, pero sin dotar a las mismas de los conocimientos necesarios para que a partir de ello no experimenten una gestación no deseada, se agudiza en las inmigrantes, aspecto que se hace evidente en el trabajo.
In vitro embryo production in Nelore cows supplemented with calcium salts of long-chain fatty acid
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Souza Moacir Rogério de , Lima Luciano Soares de ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Cavalieri Fabio Luiz Bim ,   UniCesumar, Centro de Biotecnologia e ICETI, Instituto Cesumar de Tecnologia e Informação, Rigolon Luiz Paulo ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Santos Wallacy Barbacena Rosa dos ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Mazucheli Josmar ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Santos Alexandre Leseur dos ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Santos Geraldo Tadeu dos ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Published: October 2020

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of supplementation of lactating Nelore cows with calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids (Ca-LCFA) of soybean oil on in vitro oocytes competency, cleavage rate, embryo production rate, pregnancy rate, and sex ratio of transferred embryos. Fifteen multiparous Nelore cows grazed on a Tifton 85 pasture were allotted to two treatments: (1) supplement without fat inclusion (CONT, n = 6) and (2) supplement containing 47.2 g Ca-LCFA /kg (to provide an intake of 0.2 kg Ca-LCFA/day) based on dry matter (n = 9). Animals were subjected to 2.53 ± 1.35 rounds of consecutive ovum pick up at intervals of 27.65 ± 21.72 days. Oocytes were morphologically evaluated, selected, maturated, fertilized, and cultivated for embryo production in vitro and then transferred into recipients who had previously undergone an embryo transfer protocol at a fixed time. The number of aspirated oocytes, the proportion of viable oocytes, cleavage rate, embryo percentage, pregnancy rate, and sex ratio were not affected when Nelore cows were supplemented with Ca-LCFA of soybean oil compared with non-supplemented Nelore cows. In conclusion, our results suggest that feeding a supplement containing 47.2 g Ca-LCFA/kg (to provide an intake of 0.2 kg Ca-LCFA/day) to Nelore cows does not affect in vitro embryo production in lactating Nelore cows. However, further studies using higher dietary doses of fat could be useful to determine the potential of fat supplementation to improve in vitro embryo production.
Anatomical variations detected during ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block and clinical implications
Authors: KILICASLAN Alper , GOK Funda , KORUCU Ismail Hakkı , OZKAN Asiye , YILMAZ Resul
Published: October 2020

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the anatomic variations detected during ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block
(US-ISB) and present their clinical implications.
Materials and Methods: After the ethical approval for the study was obtained from the local ethics committee, the files and US records
of patients who underwent US-ISB for anesthesia of the shoulder surgery were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Anatomical variations which were considered to affect the block technique were detected in 13 (11.8%) of 110 patients. C5
cervical root pierced the anterior scalene muscle (ASM) in 4.5%, and ventral rami of C5 and/or C6 were located in ASM in 3.6% of
patients. There was a muscle bridge between C5 to C6 and C5 to C7 roots in 1.8% of the patients. The brachial plexus was located
medial to ASM and missing from interscalene groove in 1.8% of patients. In one case (C5 root was located in ASM), US-ISB resulted
in incomplete brachial plexus anesthesia, and so general anesthesia (GA) was performed.
Conclusion: Some of the brachial plexus variations in the interscalene area may be associated with further needle manipulation/
redirection and block failure. We consider that prospective studies including more populations are needed to elucidate the effects of
these variations on block parameters.
Nurses’ Experiences of Adverse Events Management at a Public Hospital, Gauteng Province
Authors: Nkosi Elizabeth Malefu
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Involvement in adverse events can be a traumatic experience that leaves the nurses with professional and personal distress. Some feel as though they have failed the patient doubting their nursing skills. While the effects of the event can be distinctively evident on the patient and hospital, the nurses in question often suffer in silence. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the nurses’ experiences of adverse events management at a public hospital, and to develop recommendations to address them.

METHODS: A qualitative, phenomenological and contextual research design was used to explore and describe the nurse’s experiences of management of adverse events at this public hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. A total of 18 professional nurses who met the inclusion criteria were purposively sampled. Data was collected by means of in-depth semi structured individual interviews and documented field notes. An audio tape recorder was used with the participants’ consent to capture the participant’s responses. Data was analyzed using Tesch’s open coding method. Ethical principles to protect the rights of the participants were adhered to, and the criteria of trustworthiness was ensured.

RESULTS: Findings of the study revealed that participants experienced negative management of adverse events. Three sub- themes emerged namely: inconsistency in the reporting and recording of adverse events, lack of managerial support and unplanned job rotation used as punishment following the events.

CONCLUSION: Involvement in adverse events has a negative impact on the nurses’ wellbeing as well as patient care. Management should make efforts to promote awareness, implement positive management of adverse events, ensure consistency in the reporting and recording of adverse events including the provision of managerial support, and planned job rotation.
Markov-Kakutani Theorem on Hyperspace of a Banach Space
Authors: Hu Shueh-Inn , Hu Thakyin
Published: October 2020

Suppose $X$ is a Banach space and $K$ is a compact convex subset of $X$. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a commutative family of continuous affine mappings of $K$ into $K$. It follows from Markov-Kakutani Theorem that $\mathcal{F}$ has a common fixed point in $K$. Suppose now $(CC(X), h)$ is the corresponding hyperspace of $X$ containing all compact, convex subsets of $X$ endowed with Hausdorff metric $h$. We shall prove the above version of Markov-Kakutani Theorem is valid on the hyperspace $(CC(X), h)$.
Prodigiosa: consagración cultural y espectáculo contemporáneo en Yma Sumac (1922-2008)
Authors: Benavente Morales Carolina
Published: October 2020

En este artículo abordo a la cantante peruana Yma Sumac en términos de su consagración cultural, es decir, la construcción social de su valor estético. Hoy los estudios sobre consagración cultural enfatizan el carácter crecientemente interactivo de este proceso, el peso que en él tienen los criterios no estéticos y el modo relativo en que integra las propuestas no metropolitanas. En este artículo, introducir el criterio civilizacional permite apreciar que la consagración puede responder a regímenes de valor diferentes entre sí que se relacionan en forma asimétrica, mediante configuraciones híbridas e inestables que pueden originar inesperadas revalorizaciones. A partir de los materiales hemerográficos, musicales y audiovisuales revisados, Yma Sumac emerge como una figura polivalente del espectáculo contemporáneo global, que actualiza la proyección identitaria del folclorismo peruano y la estelaridad del show hollywoodense, a la vez que los altera mediante una performance musical enrarecida y residual.
La Memòria Històrica en l’Ensenyament Científic Contextualitzat
Authors: Puig Pere , Cantero Beatriz
Published: October 2020

L’ensenyament de coneixements científics a l’ESO necessita eines contextualitzadores per a facilitar l’aprenentatge de l’alumnat. El treballs interdisciplinaris són una eina didàctica excepcional, però necessiten d’un eix vertebrador que condueixi la sinergia de les matèries implicades. Un dels fils conductors que permet contextualitzar amb facilitat les matèries científiques de Química i Biologia juntament amb la Història i l’assignatura de Cultura i Valors Ètics és la Memòria Històrica. En aquest article es presenta una programació d’innovació didàctica amb l’estructura d’un treball globalitzador interdisciplinari que facilita que l’alumnat pugui treballar en tres idiomes diferents i de manera holística un conjunt de conceptes com l’enllaç químic, la formació dels èsters, l’estructura de l’ADN i la identificació de desapareguts. El disseny de la proposta també permet que l’alumnat pugui solucionar casos pràctics de desapareguts de la Guerra Civil i que pugui escoltar i dialogar amb periodistes, científics i activistes pels drets humans.
A child with aphasia – An outline of the problem
Authors: Walczak Karolina
Published: October 2020

The article is a scientific paper on the issue of aphasia. The author carries out a review and critical analysis of terminology describing this unique speech and language disorder. She points to the lack of terminological coherence both among specialists and among parents of children with aphasia. She also lists different types of aphasia, describes them, and presents the origins of cortical disorders. The second part of the article presents procedures included in selected legislative acts on the organization of education for children with special educational needs, including children with aphasia. The author analyses the successive stages of the psychological and educational counseling procedures that parents go through in their child's assessment and treatment process.
Biomedical treatment versus the social functioning of a child with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Jędruszczak Maja , Al-Khamisy Danuta
Published: October 2020

This article looks at the findings of a study whose aim was to explore the difference in the social functioning of a student with autism spectrum disorders before biomedical treatment was introduced and during the treatment. It provides information on changes in the participant’s social behaviors collected with the use of the case study method and a short description of biomedical treatment guidelines and elements. Analysis of the information gathered shows that after 12 months from the beginning of biomedical treatment for autism, positive changes occurred in the participant's social functioning. He made the most progress in fulfilling the role of a friend and the least progress in social behaviors toward his family.
Expedição científica ao alto curso do Rio Jaguaribe, Estado do Ceará: identificação da exata nascente do possivelmente maior rio efêmero do mundo
Authors: Costa Alexandre , Costa Anatarino Torres da , Carneiro Neto Jose Alves , Claudino-Sales Vanda , Morais Joao Silvio Dantas de
Published: October 2020

O Rio Jaguaribe é o maior rio do Ceará. Trata-se de um rio efêmero, possivelmente o maior “oued” do globo. Nos documentos oficiais, consta que suas nascentes se situam no Município de Tauá, na Serra da Joaninha, mas essa localização ainda é motivo de controvérsias. Uma expedição científica foi realizada ao alto curso do rio, fazendo uso de computadores, geomática, modelos digitais de elevação e drenagem, instrumentos de exploração e realização de cálculos com precisão topográfica e geodésica através de técnicas de sensores remotos, aerofotogrametria com drones e sistemas de posicionamentos globais por satélites do tipo GPS e GLOSNAS, e precisaram que a nascente principal (isto é, a de maior distância até a foz) se situa na verdade na divisa entre os muncípios de Tauá, Pedra Branca e Independência, na Serra das Pipocas, a partir da nascente do Riacho Carrapateiras. Essa descoberta geográfica deve a partir de agora ser homologada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE, Instituto de Pesquisas do Ceará – IPECE e publicações escolares.