bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water-Saving Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency for Irrigated Rice in the Red River Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Son Ngo Thanh , Ha Nguyen Thu
Published: November 2021

The objective of this research was to quantify the effects of water-saving regimes and fertilizer application improvement on water productivity, N-use efficiency, and rice yield. The results showed that the tested water treatments did not have significant effects on the growth and development, yield components, and final grain yield, but water productivity was significantly increased from 1.28 kg grain m-3 (W0) water to 1.74 kg grain m-3 water (W1) and 1.94 kg grain m-3 water (W2). In addition, the percentage of total irrigation water saved from W1 and W2 were 25.24-44.52% compared to continuous flooding. Fertilizer deep placement (FDP) combined with organic compost significantly increased the grain yield of the tested hybrid rice variety. Average grain yield increased quickly from 2847 kg ha-1 with 0 kg N ha-1 to 5263 kg ha-1 with 120 kg N ha-1 under the fertilizer deep placement method. The highest total nitrogen uptake, agronomic nitrogen efficiency (ANE), and nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUE) were obtained from alternate wetting and drying at a -20cm water depth and the fertilizer deep placement method (W1N2). In addition, it also gave the highest income in comparison with the other treatments. Therefore, alternate wetting and drying at a -20cm water depth and fertilizer deep placement method should be encouraged for implementation in other regions of Vietnam.
Characterization of Variovorax Strain C6d Isolated from the Algae-bacteria Consortia
Authors: Hoan Vu Thi
Published: November 2021

The rhizosphere microorganisms can form beneficial, pathogenic, or neutral relationships. These relationships can promote plant growth and productivity. Among them, a number of Variovorax isolates from the rhizosphere were isolated. Bacteria Variovorax strain C6d (AB552893) was isolated from the non axenic culture of Chlorella spp., C6. The cell was Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, short and rod-shaped (0.5-1.0x1.5-2.0µm). Colonies were in white colour after 7 days on 10-fold diluted Nutrient Broth. The strain was able to tolerate NaCL to 1.0% but not to 4.0% of NaCl. It grew quite well at temperatures ranging from 10°C to 37°C, yet did not show any growth at 4°C and 42°C. The dominant isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q8). The major fatty acid composition of this strain was summed feature 3, 16:0 and 18:1:w7. The DNA G+C content of strain C6d was 70.4 mol%.
Research Advances in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease with Polysaccharides of Danggui-Shaoyao-San
Authors: Fu Xin , Liu Qiantong , Sun Xiaowei , Chang Hui , Liu Ying , Han Jiatong
Published: November 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disease. In recent years, the research on the treatment of AD with Chinese medicine is increasing and the results are optimistic, which may provide some new options for the treatment of AD. Existing animal and clinical studies have found that Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS), which has been used in gynecological diseases, is effective in the treatment of AD. As the main component of DSS, macromolecular polysaccharide plays an indispensable role in the treatment of AD. In addition to anti-inflammatory, anti-neuronal injury, and immune regulation, polysaccharides extracted from Danggui Shaoyao San (p-DSS) also have good activities in hypoglycemia, and participate in the physiological regulation of ubiquitination, iron metabolism, intestinal flora, estrogen, and autophagy. Given that there is little systematic analysis of p-DSS, this paper reviews the possible mechanism of p-DSS in the treatment of AD, so as to provide reference for further research.
Analysis and Identification Genetic Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infections to Alzheimer’s Disease Patients by Integrated Bioinformatics
Authors: Wang Fang , Xu Jia , Xu Shu-Jun , Guo Jie-Jie , Wang Feiming , Wang Qin-Wen
Published: November 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis which results in millions of deaths and causes long-term neurological sequelae, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: We aimed to explore the interaction between COVID-19 and AD by integrating bioinformatics to find the biomarkers which lead to AD occurrence and development with COVID-19 and provide early intervention. Methods: The differential expressed genes (DEGs) were found by GSE147507 and GSE132903, respectively. The common genes between COVID-19 and AD were identified. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein–protein interactions (PPI) network analysis were carried out. Hub genes were found by cytoscape. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed. NetworkAnalyst was used for the analysis of TF-gene interactions, TF-miRNA coregulatory network, and Protein-chemical Interactions. Results: Forty common DEGs for AD and COVID-19 were found. GO and KEGG analysis indicated that the DEGs were enriched in the calcium signal pathway and other pathways. A PPI network was constructed, and 5 hub genes were identified (ITPR1, ITPR3, ITPKB, RAPGEF3, MFGE8). Four hub genes (ITPR1, ITPR3, ITPKB, RAPGEF3) which were considered as important factors in the development of AD that were affected by COVID-19 were shown by nomogram. Utilizing NetworkAnalyst, the interaction network of 4 hub genes and TF, miRNA, common AD risk genes, and known compounds is displayed, respectively. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients are at high risk of developing AD. Vaccination is required. Four hub genes can be considered as biomarkers for prediction and treatment of AD development caused by COVID-19. Compounds with neuroprotective effects can be used as adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 patients.
The Auditory Afferent Pathway as a Clinical Marker of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Shad Kaneez Fatima , Soubra Wissam , Cordato Dennis John
Published: November 2021

Brain stem neural tracts and nuclei may be disturbed prior to observable neuronal atrophy in AD. In this perspective, we discuss the notion of functional deficits presenting prior to structural abnormalities in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Imaging of inferior colliculi using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) shows significant decrease in the neuronal markers, N acetyl aspartate/creatine ratio and increase in the glial marker myo-Inositol, in subjects with Mini-Mental State Examination scores greater than 24 and with no signs of atrophy in their MRI of the medial temporal lobe. Abnormalities in components of the auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) are described in cognitive impairment including AD. We observed a significant decrease in amplitude and increase in latency during the first 10 ms of auditory evoked potentials measured on electroencephalography (EEG) indicating slow auditory response of the brainstem. EEG spectral power recorded at the cortex is also associated with neural activity at the level of the inferior colliculi. We postulate that a functional examination of auditory afferent pathways, using non-invasive techniques, such as MRS, brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and ERPs may improve diagnostic accuracy of AD. Functional changes precede structural changes and it is important to further understand the relationship between biochemical and electrophysiological measures such as MRS, BAEPs and EEG.
Neurofilament Levels in CSF and Serum in an Adult SMA Cohort Treated with Nusinersen
Authors: Rich Kelly A. , Fox Ashley , Yalvac Mehmet , Heintzman Sarah , Tellez Marco , Bartlett Amy , Severyn Steven , Linsenmayer Mathew , Kelly Kristina , Reynolds Jerry , Sterling Gary Brent , Weaver Tristan , Rajneesh Kiran , Pino Megan G. , Arnold W. David , Elsheikh Bakri , Kolb Stephen J.
Published: November 2021

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the utility of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNfH) as biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) progression and response to nusinersen treatment. Methods: NfL and pNfH levels were quantified using single molecular array (SIMOA) in CSF of 33 adult SMA patients (SMN copy number 3–5) before and in response to nusinersen treatment. In 11 of the patients, blood serum samples were also collected. CSF NfL and pNfH from patients were compared to CSF Nfs from age-matched controls without neurological disease (n = 6). For patients, pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated to investigate associations between Nf levels and other functional outcome measures. Results: Nf levels were similar between SMA and control adults and showed no change in response to nusinersen treatment in CSF or serum. Cross-sectional analyses showed an increase in CSF NfL and pNfH with age in patients (NfL p = 0.0013; pNfH p = 0.0035) and an increase in CSF NfL in controls (p = 0.002). In non-ambulatory patients, baseline serum pNfH showed a negative correlation with multiple strength and functional assessment metrics including Revised Upper Limb Module (r = –0.822, p = 0.04), upper extremity strength (r = –0.828, p = 0.042), lower extremity strength (r = –0.860, p = 0.028), and total strength (r = –0.870, p = 0.024). Conclusions: Nf levels did not change in response to nusinersen in adults with SMA and were not different from controls. In patients and controls, we detected an age-related increase in baseline CSF NfL and pNfH levels. Though some associations were identified, our results suggest Nf levels are not preditive or prognostic biomarkers in this population.
THE EFFECT OF TAX LITERATION AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON TAX AWARENESS IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Upa Vierly Ananta , Suparta Niluh Kirana Ghetsya Shelesya , Karundeng Frandy Efraim Fritz
Published: November 2021

Taxes are a very important source of state revenue in supporting the country's development. State financing depends on tax revenue. Current tax revenue has not met the target, the sluggish Indonesian economy is the cause of not meeting the tax target. One of the efforts made by the government is to increase tax awareness where the Director General of Taxes implements one of the Tax Inclusion programs aimed at the younger generation, one of which is high school students. The given tax knowledge will encourage students to be positive and change the mindset of students so that they can produce positive tax behavior. This study uses two factors in measuring the tax awareness of high school students, namely tax literacy and social environment. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the effect of tax literacy and the social environment on tax awareness among high school students in Surabaya and Sidoarjo. The method used in sample selection is non-purposive sampling with a total sample of 398 respondents. The results of this study indicate that the tax literacy and social environment variables have an effect on tax awareness among high school students in Surabaya and Sidoarjo.
Nutritional Chemical Analysis of Taro (Colocasia esculenta Schott) Accessions from the State of Tabasco, Mexico
Authors: Sánchez Chino Xariss Myriam , Corzo Ríos Luis Jorge , Jiménez Martínez Cristian , Argüello García Elizabeth , MARTINEZ HERRERA JORGE
Published: November 2021

Objective: To determine the main nutritional properties and content of bioactive compounds of five varieties of taro, grown in the municipalities of Huimanguillo and Cunduacán, Tabasco.
Methodology: The Campechana, Chiapaneca, Tabasqueña, Dulce (P1 and P2) varieties were evaluated to determine their proximal chemical composition, non-nutritional compounds, and antioxidant activity. An analysis of variance and the Tukey test were applied to the data obtained.
Results: These varieties had a protein, lipid, ash, and moisture content of 1.13-3.95, 0.64-2.94, 1.58-7.32, and 2.28-5.34 %, respectively. In all cases, the starch content stood out with 62.7-74.7% values. This compound is important in the food industry because its functional properties enable its use in various food systems or other applications. Among the non-nutritional compounds, the following concentrations were identified: phytates (0.235-0.40 Eq/g sodium phytate / 100 g sample); total phenols (0.54-5.76 Eq/g gallic acid / 100 g sample); condensed phenols (1.20-1.51 Eq/mg catechin / 100 g sample); saponins (0.37-1.02 Eq/mg Diosgenin / 100 g sample); and trypsin inhibitors (0.00-0.70 UIT / 100 g sample). Finally, the antioxidant activity had 0.29-0.57 Eq/mg of trolox / g of flour values.
Limitations: This work had no limitations.
Conclusions: The varieties evaluated presented low concentration of non-nutritional compounds and adequate antioxidant activity; therefore, the taro varieties from the State of Tabasco can be considered sources of starch and compounds with antioxidant activity.
Sektor Pariwisata Indonesia di Tengah Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: jdep Betty Silfia Ayu Utami , jdep Abdullah Kafabih
Published: November 2021

In recent years, the contribution of the tourism sector has increased significantly, however at the beginning of 2020 the world was shaken by the presence of the Covid-19 virus outbreak. The President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo issued an instruction namely Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB). Ban all countries or cities most affected by COVID-19 from entering their border areas. This research was conducted to see the condition of tourism in Indonesia in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic and the steps taken by the government to restore the tourism sector using library research methods. The government through the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy (Kemenkarekraf) has taken several policy steps to improve the tourism sector and creative economy. The government is preparing another program, namely preparing a tourism grant fund program with a total budget of up to Rp. 3.3 trillion as the government's effort to maintain the economic sustainability of the tourism sector. Increasing exports and digitizing the marketing of creative economy products (Ekraf) are among the government's steps, so it is hoped that it can restore national tourism.
Pengaruh DER, Roa, NPM dan EPS Terhadap Underpricing Studi Kasus: Perusahaan Yang Melakukan Initial Public Offering di BEI
Authors: jdep Meutia Octafian , jdep Anita Wijayanti , jdep Endang Masitoh
Published: November 2021

This study aims to look at the effect of each variable (DER, ROA, NPM, EPS) on underpricing in companies conducting an initial public offering on the Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. Testing is done by using a sample of 31 companies that conducted an initial public offering listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016 -2018, using purposive sampling method. Data processing methods use SPSS with descriptive tests, classic assumption tests, and in the measurement of hypotheses using multiple regression analysis. The results in this study address the influence of ROA and EPS on underpricing, while DER and NPM have no effect on underpricing. It is expected that this research can be used as a material consideration for investors in analyzing financial statements that will be used as a reference in investing, while for academics can add knowledge related to the influence of several fundamental factors on underpricing.
Pengaruh Personal Interest dan Self Control terhadap Minat Investasi pada Mahasiswa Generasi Z di Bandung
Authors: jdep Budi Rustandi Kartawinata , jdep Candra Wijayangka , jdep Fauzia Rahman
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to find the influence of personal interst and self-control on investment interest in generation z students in Bandung. The method used in this research is quantitative method with descriptive and causal research types. The population in this study were students of generation z in Bandung. The sampling technique used is a non-probability sampling method with sub-sampling purposive sampling technique with a total of 270 respondents. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis techniques and multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS ver 22 software. The results of the study concluded that from the results of the t test, personal interest and self control had a positive and significant effect on investment interest in z generation students in Bandung. Based on the results of the F test, personal interest and self control together have an influence on investment interest in generation z students in Bandung.
Pengaruh Kebijakan Moneter dan Fiskal terhadap Pengangguran di Indonesia
Authors: jdep Triyas Ayu Hadi Setiowati , jdep Ris Yuwono Yudo Nugroho
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of monetary policy as seen from the BI Rate and the money supply (M2, and fiscal policy as seen from government spending and tax revenue in influencing the unemployment rate in Indonesia. The approach used in this research is quantitative. The data used are the BI Rate, the money supply (M2), government spending, tax revenue and unemployment in the form of time series data in an annual form from 1995 to 2019. The method used in this study is the Vector Auto analysis model. Regression (VAR). The stages used in this research test are a stationarity test, optimum lag test, VAR stability test, impulse response test, and variance decomposition test. The results of the impulse response indicate that the unemployment variable responds most to the shock of the interest rate variable (monetary policy) compared to other variables. The results of variance decomposition indicate that the contribution given by the BI Rate to the unemployment rate is the most significant relative to the contribution given by the variable money supply (M2), government spending, and tax revenue.
Clinical Presentation and Management of Eyes with Globe Perforation during Peribulbar and Retrobulbar Anesthesia: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Babu Naresh , Kumar Jayant , Kohli Piyush , Ahuja Ashish , Shah Prerana , Ramasamy Kim
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of eyes with an inadvertent globe perforation during peribulbar or retrobulbar block.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the eyes which had an accidental globe perforation during local ocular anesthesia from 2012 to 2020. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1, Clear media with no rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD); group 2, significant vitreous hemorrhage (VH) precluding the retinal view without RRD; and group 3, RRD with/without VH.Results: Twenty-five patients were included in the study. The mean axial length (AL) was 24.7 ± 2.7 mm (range, 20.9–31.2 mm). The most common presenting feature was VH (n = 14). The treatment included retinal laser barrage (n = 7) and vitrectomy (n = 17). Retinal breaks were identified in all the eyes (total breaks = 37). The mean presenting best-corrected visual acuity in groups 1, 2, and 3 were logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 0.79 ± 0.73, 1.82 ± 0.78, and 2.13 ± 0.59 respectively. All the treated patients had an attached retina at the last follow-up. The mean final best-corrected visual acuity for each group was logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 0.59 ± 0.79, 0.48 ± 0.26, and 1.25 ± 0.64, respectively (p = 0.006). The development of RRD was associated with a larger AL (p = 0.015); while the development of significant VH associated with the superior location of the perforation (p = 0.015), late recognition of the perforation (p = 0.004), and multiple perforations (p = 0.015).Conclusions: Early recognition and intervention in eyes with an inadvertent perforation can lead to a good outcome. Eyes with a longer AL, superior, and multiple perforations are at higher risk of developing complications like RRD and VH. Complications like RRD, macular injury, and vascular occlusion are risk factors for poor prognosis.
Effect of Foveal Pit Restoration in Foveal Avascular Zone after Surgery for Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane
Authors: Bae Byung-Jin , Ryoo Na-Kyung
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between ophthalmic parameters—including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography findings—and foveal pit restoration in eyes that had undergone vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) removal.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent pars planar vitrectomy for the removal of epirentinal membrane. Only eyes with iERM above stage 2 with a follow-up over 6 months were included. Baseline data and changes in ophthalmic parameters were analyzed from 3 months before to 12 months after surgery. Additionally, we stratified iERM patients into two groups (foveal pit restoration and no restoration group). Longitudinal comparison analyses between the two groups were done in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas measurements using swept-source OCT and OCT angiography.Results: Forty-three patients with a mean age of 75 ± 5 years were enrolled. After surgery, BCVA, FAZ, and CFT showed improvements over time (all p < 0.002). Thirty-one patients were designated into the foveal pit restoration (R) group and 12 patients into the no restoration (NR) group. Differences in BCVA and FAZ area in both groups existed up to 6 months. However, BCVA improved and FAZ expanded (R, 0.20 ± 0.05 vs. NR, 0.18 ± 0.04) in both groups showing no statistical difference 12 months postsurgery. The CFT decreased in both groups, but the R group was thinner at every point compared to the NR group (all p < 0.05).Conclusions: The removal of epirentinal membrane in pars planar vitrectomy significantly improves BCVA, decreases the CFT and expands the FAZ. Foveal pit restoration improves BCVA, CFT, and FAZ area possibly at a faster rate in the early months but long-term improvements could be achieved regardless of the status of foveal pit restoration.
Effectiveness of topically applied chamomile in the treatment of oral mucositis: a literature review
Authors: Santos Heitor Tadeu Cardoso , Coimbra Mairon César , Meri Junior Angelo Elias , Gomes Ana Julia Pereira Santinho
Published: November 2021

Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the main adverse events observed during the treatment of neoplasms, especially in relation to head and neck (H&N) cancer. Complications, initially non-infectious of OM, can significantly compromise the chosen therapy, extend the hospitalization period and decrease the quality of life of patients with H&N cancer. Therefore, the present work presents a narrative review that gathers, presents and discusses studies on the relationship between the topical application of chamomile-based pharmaceutical products and the treatment of oral mucositis, with an emphasis on its effectiveness. A literature search was conducted in August 2021 using PubMed, Scielo and LILACS. From literature search was identified 869 papers, of which 06 were selected to answer the guiding question of this study. Finally, it could be seen that chamomile has great potential to help manage OM, as well as other oral complications, especially in cases of patients undergoing H&N cancer treatments using radiotherapy. Furthermore, formulations containing chamomile have been shown to be effective in slowing the progression of OM grades. However, it is necessary to evaluate in each formulation, the possible impacts of each pharmaceutical adjuvant, as well as the adverse events capable of increasing pharmacotherapeutic adherence.
Desenvolvimento do protótipo do formulário digital para Estudos em Alimentação, Nutrição, Saúde e Envelhecimento: EANSE FORMS
Authors: Silva Adriane dos Santos da , Santos Debora Martins dos , Silva Fábio Ramos da , Brito Alexandre dos Santos , Brito Flávia dos Santos Barbosa
Published: November 2021

Objetivou-se descrever o percurso metodológico e de prototipagem do formulário digital para estudos em alimentação, nutrição, saúde e envelhecimento: Eanse Forms. Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, com delineamento transversal e abordagem descritiva do desenvolvimento do protótipo do formulário digital, Eanse Forms, que tem por finalidade coletar, armazenar, estruturar e exportar dados de saúde e do consumo alimentar de idosos. O desenvolvimento do protótipo foi estruturado em seis etapas. Na última, foi realizado o pré-teste do formulário, em quarenta e cinco idosos, voluntários, nos meses de outubro e novembro de 2019. O formulário foi aplicado individualmente, por meio de entrevistas guiadas, com a presença de nutricionistas, previamente treinadas. O formulário é composto por perguntas, incluindo um Recordatório de 24 horas para avaliação do consumo alimentar. Nesta etapa foram avaliados aspectos como a aceitação e compreensão, o tempo de aplicação e ajustes do formulário. No pré-teste, o desempenho do formulário foi considerado satisfatório e contou com boa aceitação dos participantes. Por fim, cabe enfatizar que a utilização mais ampla e efetiva do formulário ainda depende de novas rodadas de análises, incluindo novas avaliações de estrutura, passando pela incorporação dos ajustes identificados no pré-teste, até pelo próprio estudo de validação. Acredita-se que os próximos passos, permitirão a obtenção de um formulário digital, gratuito, de acesso livre, que seja capaz de coletar, armazenar, estruturar e exportar dados de alimentação, nutrição, saúde e envelhecimento, a fim de fornecer subsídios para elaboração de ações de prevenção de doenças e promoção da saúde, melhorando a qualidade de vida da população idosa.
Cannabidiol: brief compilation over a versatile molecule
Authors: Paula Caico Bruno Curcio Oliva de , Baldacci Enzo Andrade , Cheng Lucas Chen , Gozzi Mateus Bulbow , Shibuya Pedro Torquato , Nicolau Lucas Antonio Duarte , Medeiros Jand Venes Rolim , Anghinah Renato , Oliveira Juliane Vismari de , Gehrke Flávia de Sousa , Menezes-Rodrigues Francisco Sandro
Published: November 2021

Cannabis sativa has been applied for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. Cannabidiol is the main non-psychotropic compound in Cannabis sativa, and has its therapeutic effect extremely linked to the central nervous system, presenting pharmacological properties with great potential for the treatment of several pathologies. The aim is to identify and relate the therapeutic effects of cannabidiol in medicine, focusing on its therapeutic potential in epilepsy, autism, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, oncological diseases, and chronic pain. In addition to presenting a brief history of cannabidiol and its chemical and pharmacological properties acting on the Central Nervous System. Integrative literature review, where articles were reviewed in Portuguese and English, based on PubMed, Scielo and Public Agencies. In 1960, the chemical structures of the main components of cannabis were identified, characterizing cannabidiol as a cannabinoid, which binds to cannabinoid receptors throughout the human body, known as CB1 and CB2. The endocannabinoid system, described in 1990, further demonstrated the therapeutic properties of cannabidiol, elucidating its neuroprotective, antiepileptic, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, anti- inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and anticonvulsant properties. Cannabinoids may, in the future, be an important therapeutic option in the treatment of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, epilepsy, autism, neoplasms and still acting in the relief of pain. This is due to the absence of psychoactive effects and cognition, safety, good tolerability, clinical trials with positive results and the wide spectrum of pharmacological actions.
THE POLYPROPYLENE BIPOLAR ELECTRODE FOR COBALT ELECTROEXTRACTION
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, N Melnik , N Vlasenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, I Kovalenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, A Shpak ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, A Zul’figarov ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

In the article the polypropylene bipolar electrode is offered for the cobalt extraction from low concentration solutions. Research object: electrolyzer with polypropylene bipolar electrode. Purpose of the study: research of cobalt electroextracton on the polypropylene bipolar electrode from low concentrated solutions. Research methods: stationary and non-stationary voltamperometry. measuring method of micro hardness. It was established that application of bipolar electrolyzer provides high purity electro-extraction of metal in the process of cobalt extraction. Using of polypropylene bipolar electrode provides lightness and plasticity that is not realized in the case of similar metallic. Received fallouts have a microhardness from 350 to 450 kg/мм2, depending on ions concentration of metal in electrolyte. Fallouts with maximal microhardness - homogeneous, fine crystalline with narrow distribution after the sizes of 5 - 8 mkm. The maximal values of extraction coefficient and current output from diluted solutions of their salts set 74 аЫ 76 % (respectively) at the rate of bipolar movement 1,5 спі/miin For an extraction 1 kg of cobalt it is necessary 20 kW4i, the process is effective and does not require high energy costs. The results of the article can be implemented in technology of wastewater treatment from heavy metal ions at galvanic productions. In the future it is planned to study the possibility of application polypropylene bipolar electrode for metal extraction. KEY WORDS: POLYPROPYLENE BIPOLAR ELECTRODE, COBALT ELECTOEXTRACTION, LOW CONCENTRATION SOLUTIONS.
NUMERICAL MODELLING OF INFLUENCE THE LOCATION OF THE TRANSPORT LOAD ON THE CEMENT-CONCRETE COVERING OF ROADS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, A Onyshchenko , S Khudolii ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, N Chyzhenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of developing more precise mathematical models of deformation of road of hard type, depending on various options of loading location and design features of the plate. The purpose of the work is to simulate the method of the finite elements of stressed-deformed state of cement concrete covering roads depending on various load location and design features of the plate. Object of study - cement-concrete to cover roads. Method of research: statistical analysis of scientific publications, technical and normative literature, finite element method. Taking into account that cement concrete coating of the road operates complex spatial load so it is advisable to use numerical method for determination of stressed-strained state of coating based on solving the theory equations Elasticity - Finite element method as the most versatile and efficient. Its peculiarity is a direct transition from the continuum to discrete analysis by dividing the area of an object that is investigated by a number of sub-areas and approximation of displacements fields, efforts, stresses, for example, using Engineering and settlement complex. Four variants of transport load are considered. As a result of the numerical modelling of the stressed-strained state of cement concrete covering for the first time obtained an analytical dependence for determination of tensile stresses at bending, arising of cement concrete coating of highways from Load actions taking into account the different settlement parameters, which allows to specify the general expression of the conditions of strength in calculating the cement-concrete coating taking into account the coefficient of frost resistance. This method allows assessing the strength of cement concrete covering of various categories with a given reliability and durability. KEY WORDS: CEMENT CONCRETE COATING, TENSION, DURABILITY, FROST RESISTANCE, DURABILITY.
FEATURES OF FORMATION AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT TRANSPORT AND LOGISTIC CLUSTERS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, G Prokudin , O Сhupaylenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, K Hilevska ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, K Maidanyk ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

In this article the peculiarities of formation and development of transport-logistic clusters in the advanced countries of the world are considered, as well as prospects for their creation in Ukraine. Object of research - process of formation and development of transport-logistic clusters. The purpose of the work is to study the peculiarities of the formation and prospects of the development of transport clusters in order to improve the efficiency of the transport system of the country. The research method is a comparison and statistical analysis of the structures and characteristics of transport and logistics clusters in the advanced countries of the world. Modern market conditions require Ukraine to form a competitive logistics system with the further entry into the international world macrosystem, which will allow Ukraine to form a competitive transport system and effective infrastructure, strengthen international relations with other trade regions and countries. The question of improving competitiveness on the world market is one of the most urgent areas of development for Ukraine, and clusterization is one of the ways of effective economic development and its maintenance on the proper level in the system of world economic relations. Taking into account that the transport and logistics industry plays an important role in the public production of our country, the formation of transport and logistics clusters will have great social and economic significance for both the regional and national economies. Clusters become the poles of economic growth, not only of individual regions in which they are localized, but also of the state as a whole. The task of the state is to create the necessary conditions, an attractive investment environment for the emergence of new ones and the development of existing clusters. KEYWORDS: TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS SYSTEM, TRANSPORT AND LOGISTIC CLUSTER, LOGISTIC CENTER
OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNICAL READING LEVEL ON THE BASIS OF COSTS ON SERVICE SERVICES
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Sichko , O Subochev ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, M Pogorelov ,   Donbass State Pedagogical University, N Kurnikov ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, R Gorban ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University
Published: November 2021

Exploring the experience of the formation and development of industrial structures of motor transport, which provide the appropriate activities, we can conclude that the combination of the latter is not the only acceptable. A significant proportion of production structures of motor transport deals with only one type of activity, transferring others to the execution of outside entities. At the same time, a number of organizations combine these activities in certain combinations on the basis of basic or auxiliary. The purpose of the research is to increase the efficiency of service enterprises by ensuring technical readiness of vehicles on the basis of development of the maintenance and repair system. Using weighting factors, calculate the weighted average complexity indicators, which characterize, respectively, the qualifications; attitude towards the work performed; the discipline of labor and the technology of each operation. The optimum coefficient of technical readiness for the rolling stock of the considered service enterprise under the existing operating conditions is established. Increasing the technical readiness of rolling stock above the optimum level leads to increased maintenance costs and repair of rolling stock and reduce the efficiency of its operation. KEYWORDS: ROLLING STOCK, TECHNICAL READINESS, FACTORS, COMPLEX ACCOUNTING
INFORMATION SECURITY OF CLOUD COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, T Cherviakova
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of technology of cloud computing, revealing of the main problems of providing information security of various models of cloud services and models of deployment of cloud environments, as well as the choice of methods for providing security of data processing and methods for improving the safety of cloud computing. Object of research - information security technology cloud computing. The purpose of the work is to analyze the theoretical and practical aspects of information security technology of cloud computing, determination of their principles and perspectives. Methods of research - analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, graphic. One of the main approaches to the implementation of cloud infrastructure is the virtualization technology - the provision of computing resources abstracted from their real hardware implementation. With the increase in the degree of cloud computing technology openness, the flexibility of its operation and the universality of access, the security of the system decreases and requires more complicated methods of ensuring its security. The cloud computing system can be exposed to several types of security threats, including threats to the integrity, privacy and availability of its resources, data, and virtual infrastructure. The construction of the cloud computing security system requires taking into account the model of its deployment (private, public or hybrid cloud) and the differences in the levels of control and access for user and provider in different cloud service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS). The most effective and thus universal way of ensuring data protection in the cloud, as well as its confidentiality and integrity, is to use the data encryption at the file level when transmitting over information networks and when storing inside the cloud. IT-administrators and users can partially regain control over the security of their data, using security­based solutions based on data encryption. Using the appropriate encryption methods prevents unauthorized access to data, regardless of where they are located, in the process of transmitting or storing it in the cloud, and allowing organizations to take advantage of cloud computing without compromising or minimizing risk. KEYWORDS: CLOUD COMPUTING, CLOUD SERVICES, INFORMATION SECURITY.
Can Satellite Mega-Constellations Justify Their Impact On Astronomy?
Authors: Petchetti Sai Charan
Published: November 2021

Near-earth space is being increasingly commercialised by private space companies. This has many consequences for science, particularly, astronomy. Some estimates show that more than 100,000 satellites may orbit the Earth by 2030. Satellite mega-constellations for satellite Internet connectivity are one of the main drivers behind the explosion in the number of satellites. Here, we note whether such satellite mega-constellations can justify their impact on astronomy.
A Multifunctional AIE Nanoprobe as a Drug Delivery Bioimaging and Cancer Treatment System
Authors: Hu Keqi , Zhou Daquan , Rao Linlin , Wang Peng , Xiang Chunxiang , Chen Feng
Published: November 2021

Of all malignant brain tumors, glioma is the deadliest and most common, with a poor prognosis. Drug therapy is considered as a promising way to stop the progression of disease and even cure tumors. However, the presence of blood brain barrier (BBB) and blood tumor barrier (BTB) limits the delivery of these therapeutic genes. In this work, an intelligent cell imaging and cancer therapy drug delivery system targeting the blood-brain barrier and the highly expressed transferrin receptors (TfR) in gliomas has been successfully constructed, and an amphiphilic polymer (PLA-PEG-T7/TPE) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties has been designed and successfully synthesized. PLA-PEG-T7/TPE self-assembled polymer micelles showed significant AIE effect in aqueous solution with good biocompatibility. Therefore, it can be used for potential biological imaging applications. In addition, drug-carrying micelles showed typical behavior of regulating drug release. Inhibition of cell proliferation in vitro showed that the drug-loaded micelles had dose-dependent cytotoxicity to LN229 cells. In the in vivo anti-tumor experiment, PLA-PEG-T7/TPE/TMZ had the best therapeutic effect. These results indicated that T7 functionalized PLA-PEG was a promising platform for nasopharyngeal cancer drug combination therapy.
A Prognostic Model of Pancreatic Cancer Based on Ferroptosis-Related Genes to Determine Its Immune Landscape and Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Yu Xiao , Zheng Qingyuan , Zhang Menggang , Zhang Qiyao , Zhang Shuijun , He Yuting , Guo Wenzhi
Published: November 2021

Pancreatic cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the worst prognosis in the world. As a new way of programmed cell death, ferroptosis has been proven to have potential in tumor therapy. In this study, we used the TCGA-PAAD cohort combined with the previously reported 60 ferroptosis-related genes to construct and validate the prognosis model and in-depth analysis of the differences in the function and immune characteristics of different RiskTypes. The results showed that the six-gene signature prognostic model that we constructed has good stability and effectiveness. Further analysis showed that the upregulated genes in the high-risk group were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix receptor-related pathways and other tumor-related pathways and the infiltration of immune cells, such as B, T, and NK cells, was suppressed. In short, our model shows good stability and effectiveness. Further studies have found that the prognostic differences between different RiskTypes may be due to the changes in the ECM-receptor pathway and activation of the immune system. Additionally, ICI drugs can treat pancreatic cancer in high-risk groups.
Identification and Validation of Pyroptosis-Related Gene Signature to Predict Prognosis and Reveal Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Fu Xiao-Wei , Song Chun-Qing
Published: November 2021

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a poor prognosis and accounts for the fourth common cause of cancer-related deaths. Recently, pyroptosis has been revealed to be involved in the progression of multiple cancers. However, the role of pyroptosis in the HCC prognosis remains elusive.

Methods: The clinical information and RNA-seq data of the HCC patients were collected from the TCGA-LIHC datasets, and the differential pyroptosis-related genes (PRG) were firstly explored. The univariate Cox regression and consensus clustering were applied to recognize the HCC subtypes. The prognostic PRGs were then submitted to the LASSO regression analysis to build a prognostic model in the TCGA training cohort. We further evaluated the predictive model in the TCGA test cohort and ICGC validation cohort (LIRI-JP). The accuracy of prediction was validated using the Kaplan—Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to determine the differential immune cell infiltrations and related pathways. Finally, the expression of the prognostic genes was validated by qRT-PCR in vivo and in vitro.

Results: We identified a total of 26 differential PRGs, among which three PRGs comprising GSDME, GPX4, and SCAF11 were subsequently chosen for constructing a prognostic model. This model significantly distinguished the HCC patients with different survival years in the TCGA training, test, and ICGC validation cohorts. The risk score of this model was confirmed as an independent prognostic factor. A nomogram was generated indicating the survival years for each HCC patient. The ssGSEA demonstrated several tumor-infiltrating immune cells to be remarkably associated with the risk scores. The qRT-PCR results also showed the apparent dysregulation of PRGs in HCC. Finally, the drug sensitivity was analyzed, indicating that Lenvatinib might impact the progression of HCC via targeting GSDME, which was also validated in human Huh7 cells.

Conclusion: The PRG signature comprised of GSDME, GPX4, and SCAF11 can serve as an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients, which would provide further evidence for more clinical and functional studies.
Heme Oxygenase-1 Predicts Risk Stratification and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Lower Grade Gliomas
Authors: Ye Wenrui , Liu Zhixiong , Liu Fangkun , Luo Cong
Published: November 2021

Background: Gliomas are the most common tumors in human brains with unpleasing outcomes. Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1, HO-1) was a potential target for human cancers. However, their relationship remains incompletely discussed.

Methods: We employed a total of 952 lower grade glioma (LGG) patients from TCGA and CGGA databases, and 29 samples in our hospital for subsequent analyses. Expression, mutational, survival, and immune profiles of HMOX1 were comprehensively evaluated. We constructed a risk signature using the LASSO Cox regression model, and further generated a nomogram model to predict survival of LGG patients. Single-cell transcriptomic sequencing data were also employed to investigated the role of HMOX1 in cancer cells.

Results: We found that HMOX1 was overexpressed and was related to poorer survival in gliomas. HMOX1-related genes (HRGs) were involved in immune-related pathways. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited significantly poorer overall survival. The risk score was positively correlated with the abundance of resting memory CD4+ T cells, M1, M2 macrophages, and activated dendritic cells. Additionally, immunotherapy showed potent efficacy in low-risk group. And patients with lower HMOX1 expression were predicted to have better response to immunotherapies, suggesting that immunotherapies combined with HMOX1 inhibition may execute good responses. Moreover, significant correlations were found between HMOX1 expression and single-cell functional states including angiogenesis, hypoxia, and metastasis. Finally, we constructed a nomogram which could predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival in LGG patients.

Conclusion:HMOX1 is involved in immune infiltration and predicts poor survival in patients with lower grade glioma. Importantly, HMOX1 were related to oncological functional states including angiogenesis, hypoxia, and metastasis. A nomogram integrated with the risk signature was obtained to robustly predict glioma patient outcomes, with the potential to guide clinical decision-making.
Vitamin D-Mediated Anti-cancer Activity Involves Iron Homeostatic Balance Disruption and Oxidative Stress Induction in Breast Cancer
Authors: Bajbouj Khuloud , Sahnoon Lina , Shafarin Jasmin , Al-Ali Abeer , Muhammad Jibran Sualeh , Karim Asima , Guraya Salman Y. , Hamad Mawieh
Published: November 2021

Background:Vitamin D deficiency associates with high risk of breast cancer (BRCA) and increased cellular iron. Vitamin D exerts some of its anti-cancer effects by regulating the expression of key iron regulatory genes (IRGs). The association between vitamin D and cellular iron content in BRCA remains ambiguous. Herein, we addressed whether vitamin D signaling exerts a role in cellular iron homeostasis thereby affecting survival of breast cancer cells.

Methods:Expression profile of IRGs in vitamin D-treated breast cancer cells was analyzed using publicly available transcriptomic datasets. After treatment of BRCA cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 with the active form of vitamin D, labile iron content, IRGs protein levels, oxidative stress, and cell survival were evaluated.

Results:Bioinformatics analysis revealed several IRGs as well as cellular stress relates genes were differentially expressed in BRCA cells. Vitamin D treatment resulted in cellular iron depletion and differentially affected the expression of key IRGs protein levels. Vitamin D treatment exerted oxidative stress induction and alteration in the cellular redox balance by increasing the synthesis of key stress-related markers. Collectively, these effects resulted in a significant decrease in BRCA cell survival.

Conclusion:These findings suggest that vitamin D disrupts cellular iron homeostasis leading to oxidative stress induction and cell death.