bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delay discounting correlates with depression but does not predict relapse after antidepressant discontinuation
Authors: Elad Doron , Story Giles W , Berwian Isabel M. , Stephan Klaas Enno , Walter Henrik , Huys Quentin JM
Published: August 2024

Background: Approximately one third of people with major depressive disorder experience a relapse within six months of discontinuing antidepressant medication (ADM), however, reliable predictors of relapse following ADM discontinuation are currently lacking. A putative behavioural predictor is delay discounting, which measures a person’s impatience to receive reward. Delay discounting is linked to both depression and reduced serotonergic function, rendering it a plausible candidate predictor. Methods: In a multi-site study we measured delay discounting in participants with remitted depression (N=97), before and within six months after discontinuation of ADM, and in matched controls without a lifetime history of depression (N=54). Using predictive models, we tested whether either baseline discounting, or an early change in discounting following ADM discontinuation, predicted depressive relapse over a six month follow up period. We also tested differences between remitted depression and control groups in delay discounting at baseline, and associations between discounting and depressive symptoms. Results: The remitted depression group, compared to the control group, showed significantly higher (p<0.05; Cohen’s d=0.34) discounting at baseline. In addition, baseline discounting was positively correlated with depression rating scores (Spearman ρ= 0.24). However, delay discounting did not increase following ADM discontinuation. Neither baseline discounting nor a change in discounting following ADM discontinuation predicted subsequent depressive relapse. Conclusions: Delay discounting remains elevated in remitted, medicated depression. However, delay discounting neither increases following ADM discontinuation, nor does it prospectively predict depressive relapse. Impulsivity in depression has little relationship with illness trajectory following ADM discontinuation.
Does Black Heart Really Mean Sadness for X (formerly Twitter) Users? Affective properties for 109 emojis
Authors: Rezapour Tara
Published: August 2024

The present study investigates subjective norms associated with 109 emojis in terms of valence and emotion in eight dimensions including; anger, anticipation, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise, and trust. A sample of 200 X users (140 females; 27.3 ± 3.5) was recruited to voluntarily participate in a web-based survey.Ratings indicated that emojis eliciting joy or trust were associated with positive valence, while those evoking disgust were linked to negative valence, showing a high level of agreement in these emotional responses. Anticipation-related emojis were also perceived positively, whereas sadness, fear, anger, and surprise did not show significant valence differences. Emojis inducing joy often featured elements like hearts and smiles, while trust-related emojis predominantly displayed hands and green colors. The anticipation-related emojis featured by directional symbols. Disgust-associated emojis, marked by narrowed eyes and raised lips. Anger emojis featured intense expressions and the color red, while sadness emojis included elements like crying faces and broken hearts. Gender differences revealed that women rated emotional intensity higher across all dimensions compared to men (p<0.05) indicating heightened female sensitivity to affective stimuli. Additionally, emojis from all categories, except symbols, were found to be more likely to induce positive valence. This database could serve as a valuable resource for studies analyzing the sentiment of text containing emojis posted on social media, as well as for practical research using emojis as cues to provoke specific behaviors (e.g., in marketing, education)
The resurrection of an immature upper anterior tooth: A case report
Authors: Sivan Hema Devi , Azih Nurul Farah , Mustaffa Musliana
Published: August 2024

Revascularization of necrotic dental pulp has regained interest as an alternative treatment for immature permanent teeth. An 18-year-old female patient was referred for management of an immature upper anterior tooth with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Patient presented with an unsightly tooth 21 with no symptoms. Patient experienced dental trauma approximately 10 years ago. Clinical examination revealed a light-yellow discoloration with Class IV composite restoration on tooth 21, no carious lesion, Grade 1 tooth mobility, tenderness to percussion, and probing depths within normal limit. Periapical radiograph of tooth 21 revealed a periapical lesion, root of normal length but thin root dentin, and an open apex. Revascularization of tooth 21 was carried out in two visits. The first visit focused on disinfection of the root canal, while the second visit focused on the induction of bleeding followed by placement of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The 6-month and 24-month follow-up visits revealed an absence of periapical lesion, although a significant reduction in the size of root apex could not be observed. An immature permanent tooth presents clinical challenges that affects both the short-term and the long-term treatment outcomes, therefore, an appropriate case selection taking into consideration various factors, and the skills and experience of the clinician are of upmost importance to ensure the predictability of the treatment provided. This procedure could eliminate intraradicular infection, however, increased dentin thickness on the root canal wall could not be observed, suggesting an indeed challenging procedure despite meticulous technical steps to perform the procedure.
Inovasi Kurikulum Berbasis Alam Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nur Hakim Muhammad , Sari Nehlia
Published: August 2024

MI Alam Luqman Al Hakim Hidayatullah Batu is one of the Natural schools in Indonesia. With that curriculum, innovation is something that cannot be avoided in interacting with the educational environment as an improvement in the learning process in schools, especially during a pandemic. Researchers used descriptive qualitative research, data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation methods to test the validity of the data by data triangulation. And data analysis techniques a) data reduction b) data presentation c) drawing conclusions. The research subjects were madrasah, waka curriculum, MI Alam teacher Luqman Al-Hakim Hidayatullah Bata. The results of this study indicate that the educational curriculum innovation at MI Alam Luqman Al-Hakim Hidayatullah Batu shows that (1) providing programs or activities in the learning process (2) obstacles that occur due to changes in the learning process due to the covid-19 pandemic (3) Solutions provided by schools namely providing a program of activities in the learning process that is creative and innovative so that children remain fun even though the learning process is at home and also provides motivation to children. His suggestion is MI Alam Luqman Al-Hakim Hidayatullah to be more creative and innovative in guiding children and in carrying out the learning process.
Management of Character Education Curriculum in Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Thoyyibin  , Ali Shah Syed Ahmad , Khamim Nur
Published: August 2024

This article aims to describe the planning, organization, and evaluation of the character education curriculum at the Al Furqon Islamic Boarding School, Kota Baru Driyorejo Gresik. This article has used a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The data collection techniques are interviews, documentation, and observation. Observations were made by participating in observations. While the informants of this study were the head of the pesantren, caregivers, and several Ustadz (boarding school administrators). Data analysis techniques follow this model of Huberman. The result of this article is that the planning carried out at the Al Furqon Islamic Boarding School is neatly arranged and agreed upon by the leadership and the Foundation. Implementation of the agreed curriculum is carried out with the commitment of all pesantren stakeholders. Evaluation is used as a control of the implementation of whether or not the target has been achieved.
PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS ORGANISASI PELAYANAN SOSIAL BERBASIS KEAGAMAAN DI BAITULMAAL MUAMALAT BANDUNG
Authors: Haifa Nisa , Huraerah Abu
Published: August 2024

This research examines faith-based services at Baitulmaal Muamalat Bandung to address its relationship with the development of faith-based organisations. Capacity building in social service organisations is an important part of fulfilling roles and goals to achieve a good level of quality in providing benefits to many people in accordance with Islamic law. The research method used is a qualitative method, in order to obtain an in-depth understanding of social phenomena in faith-based organisations, in relation to organisational development. So that the approach used is a case study of the Baitulmaal Muamalat Bandung institution, to explore the dynamics of development in it. To get informants who are relevant and have special characteristics for research purposes, the informant selection technique is purposive sampling by sorting out informants who are considered to have knowledge and experience in development work at Baitulmaal Muamalat Bandung. Based on this description, this research aims to analyse the capacity of religious-based social service organisations in Baitulmaal Muamalat Bandung, such as opportunities, strengths, and challenges faced. Then, it can identify the development of the capacity of religion-based organisations in Baitulmaal Muamalat Bandung. The results of the analysis found that Baitulmaal Muamalat Bandung was able to optimise organisational development through individual and collective cooperation in it. So that the social services provided are quality and effective, this cannot be separated from the success of processing the resources owned through the values and religious bases used in Baitulmaal Muamalat Bandung
Penggunaan Bahasa Tabu pada Siswa-Siswi di Panti Asuhan Al-Mizan Kecamatan Gunung Anyar Tambak Surabaya
Authors: Handayani Fa Aisha Sila , Sakinah Sakinah , Wulan Widya Rachma , Dewansyah Ahmad Doni , Sholihatin Endang
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan (1) Mengetahui bentuk bahasa tabu yang digunakan oleh siswa-siswi panti asuhan Al-Mizan; (2) Upaya pencegahan penggunaan bahasa tabu siswa-siswi panti asuhan Al-Mizan; dan (3) Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan siswa-siswi di Panti Asuhan Al-Mizan menggunakan bahasa tabu. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, metode ini yaitu wawacara tidak langsung menggunakan google form dengan tahapan-tahapan mengumpulkan data, menyeleksi data, mendeskripsikan keseluruhan data, dan menganalisis data yang ditarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu  (1) Bentuk bahasa tabu yang digunakan oleh siswa-siswi panti asuhan Al-Mizan meliputi beberapa penggolongan jenis-jenis Bahasa tabu atau pisuhan yaitu nama binatang, kata-kata vulgar untuk cabul yang berkaitan dengan anggota tubuh, kelemahan seseorang, hujatan agar celaka, dan berbuat keji; (2) Upaya pencegahan penggunaan bahasa tabu siswa-siswi panti asuhan Al-Mizan adalah memberikan contoh yang baik, memberikan pemahaman mengenai kata-kata yang baik dan benar, memberikan penghargaan dan pujian, memberikan alternatif kata-kata yang lebih sopan, dan menjaga lingkungan yang sehat; dan (3) Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan siswa-siswi di Panti Asuhan Al-Mizan menggunakan bahasa tabu adalah pengaruh lingkungan sekitar, kurangnya pengawasan dari orang tua, rasa ingin mencoba, dan dorongan untuk mencari perhatian.
Keywords:
Bahasa tabu, Penggunaan, Faktor
Pernanan Pekerjaan Sosial Dalam Mengatasi Masalah Perdagangan Manusia
Authors: Fahrudin Adi , Wardhani Dayne Trikora , Andayani Rini Hartini Rinda
Published: August 2024

Trafficking in human beings is a vast and complex problem that requires a multidimensional approach to effective intervention. This abstract explores the role of social work in dealing with human trafficking based on the synthesis of relevant literature. Social workers play an important role in combating human trafficking by identifying victims, providing a victim-centric approach, and offering comprehensive services to crossers. They play an important role in raising awareness, advocating policy change, and promoting social justice initiatives to address the root causes of human trafficking. Through their dedication to the promotion of human rights, social justice, and empowerment, social workers make a significant contribution to combating human trafficking.
A RETROSPECITVE ANALYSIS ON VARIOUS CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF DENGUE FEVER IN A TERITIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Kumar Akash , Sugathan Adarsh , Arun Kumar Nayanatara , Achappa Basavaprabhu
Published: August 2024

Dengue is a vector borne illness caused via dengue virus infected female Aedes mosquitoes. The main viral strains are DEN1, DEN2, DEN3 and DEN4. A various cluster of manifestations are included in dengue as the disease progresses. This observational study was conducted at tertiary care hospitals in and around Mangalore from 2015 to 2019, on confirmed cases of Dengue via immunological studies. Various clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters were recorded and assessed statistically later. Dengue was more common in young males (58.9%). Common presentations were fever with headache (94%), hypotension and abdominal pain (15%). Thrombocytopenia (88.4) and leucopenia (48.3%) were the commonest cytological findings. Deranged LFT (39.1%)with Hyponatremina (35.3%) and low bicarbonate (78.3%)were also seen. Cavitatory effusion was seen in 67% of patients with complications. Myocarditis was seen in 2%. Dengue despite being an easily preventable and usually self-limiting illness, the complications however can fatal. Especially in endemic areas, early diagnosis of the disease using clinical, laboratory and radiological assessment is necessary to avoid it being confused with other infections due to its overlapping of symptoms; and for preventing complications.
W głąb istnienia: analiza lęku egzystencjalnego w kontekście przywiązania i patologicznych cech osobowości
Authors: Marczewska Michalina
Published: August 2024

Cel: Lęk egzystencjalny jest nieodzownym aspektem życia. Osoby o nieprzystosowawczych stylach przywiązania, jak np. lękowo-ambiwalentny, są szczególnie podatne na odczuwanie ogólnego niepokoju. Łączy się to z nasileniem patologicznych cech osobowości. Celem badania jest weryfikacja hipotez o związku między niepokojem egzystencjalnym a stylami przywiązania (bezpiecznym, lękowo-ambiwalentnym, unikowym), a także z negatywnym afektem oraz izolacją oraz zależności między stylami przywiązania i patologicznymi cechami osobowości.
Metoda: Badana próba składa się z 466 respondentów w wieku 16–87 lat o podobnym poziomie wykształcenia. Udało się zachować równoliczność grup z podziałem na płeć. Niepokój egzystencjalny był mierzony SNE, style przywiązania za pomocą KSP, zaś cechy patologicznej Wielkiej Piątki z wykorzystaniem Inwentarza osobowości PID-5.
Wyniki: Pomiędzy badanymi zmiennymi pojawiają się istotne różnice ze względu na płeć. Korelacje zachodzą pomiędzy niepokojem egzystencjalnym (wraz z jego wymiarami), cechami osobowości oraz stylami przywiązania. Dla wyjaśnienia wymiarów niepokoju (lęk przed winą i potępieniem, lęk przed pustką i bezsensem, lęk przed losem i śmiercią) zostały przedstawione modele regresyjne. Główną zmienną wyjaśniającą okazał się negatywny afekt.
Konkluzja: Osoby o stylu lękowo-ambiwalentnym oraz wyższym nasileniu negatywnego afektu wyraźniej odczuwają niepokój egzystencjalny. Pozabezpieczne style przywiązania łączą się z nasileniem patologicznych cech osobowości.
Carbon Dioxide in Soil and Surface Waters in the North of Western Siberia: Methodological Approach and Quantitative
Authors: Goncharova O. Yu. , Timofeeva M. V. , Matyshak G. V. , Isaeva A. V.
Published: August 2024

Dissolved inorganic carbon is an essential component of the carbon cycle, especially in the northern regions, while its loss through water bodies is still rarely included in regional carbon models. The tasks of the work included a detailed coverage of the methodological approach “headspace equilibration” to the study of the concentration of dissolved CO₂in soil and surface waters, as well as the assessment of the range of CO₂concentrations in waters of different genesis in the landscapes of the north of Western Siberia. As a result of the methodological work done, a protocol was developed and presented for measuring the concentration of CO₂in waters by the “headspace equilibration” method with detailed calculations. The concentration of CO₂ in soil (supra-permafrost) and surface waters (river, bog, lake, etc.) ranged from 13 to 2983 µmol/l (274 to 57000 µatm), the vast majority of objects were supersaturated with CO₂ relative to the atmosphere. The maximum values of concentrations are characterized by supra-permafrost soil and bog waters; the minimum is the waters of aquatic ecosystems: thermokarst and forest lakes. The high variability of CO₂concentration in waters necessitates a large number of measurements to obtain adequate estimates.
Greenhouse Gas Fluxes and Carbon Storages in Oligotrophic Peat Soils of Western Siberia
Authors: Golovatskaya E. A. , Veretennikova E. E. , Dyukarev E. A.
Published: August 2024

The carbon reserves (C) and the rates of emission of greenhouse gases (CO₂and CH4) in peat soils of Western Siberia have been studied. The peat soils are typical for region oligotrophic ones (Histosols), but they develop in two contrasting bog ecosystems (a forested bog and an open bog), therefore, they differ significantly in modern vegetation cover, soil profile structure, hydrological and temperature conditions. It has been shown that the carbon reserves in the studied peat soils in the 0–50 cm layer are 9.3 and 6.8 kg/m² in the forested and open bogs, respectively. Measurements of CO₂and CH4 emissions were carried out by the chamber static method during the growing seasons from 1999 to 2014. The results showed that the studied soils release into the atmosphere the same number of CO₂(116.1 and 123.4 mg/(m² h) for soil in a forested and open bog, respectively), but at the same time significantly differ number of CH4 (0.57 and 2.66 mg/(m² h), respectively). This research has highlighted an important role of vegetation species composition and hydrological regime in estimates of carbon deposition and greenhouse gas fluxes from peat oligotrophic soils of bog ecosystems in the region.
Determination of Thermophysical Parameters of the Soil According to Dynamic Data on its Temperature
Authors: Mikail R. , Hazar E. , Shein E. , Mikailsoy F.
Published: August 2024

Methods for determining the thermal diffusivity coefficient from a point value of soil temperature of a given thickness based on the results of analyzing the temperature dynamics at one depth based on eight daily observations with an interval of 3 hours have been developed. The proposed methods are based on solving (with two harmonics on the soil surface) inverse problems of the heat transfer equation. Experimental studies on the temperature of the layers (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40 cm) of gley floodplain soil (Calcaric Gleyic Pantofluvic Fluvisol) in the Igdır region (Eastern Turkey) were carried out using Elitech RC-4 sensors during the summer season. Using the obtained data, various methods were used to calculate the thermophysical properties of the soil – thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, attenuation depth, heat transfer, and heat flux. Based on statistical criteria, it has been proven that the proposed point model is the best one. It has been established that for the studied soil, the thermal diffusivity is Ƙ = 1.1035 × 10⁻⁶ m²/s, thermal conductivity λ = 1.7612 W/(m °C), damping depth d = 17.42 cm, and thermal effusivity e = 27.9431 Wh0.5/m² °C. In addition, in accordance with the model obtained, it was determined that the largest heat flux on the soil surface occurs at 12:00 pm (q = 106.85 W/m²), and the lowest heat flux occurs at 03:00 am (q = –64.62 W/m²).
The Effect of Mechanical Activation on Some Soil Properties and Plant Development
Authors: Fedotov G. N. , Gorepekin I. V. , Ushkova D. A. , Konkina U. A. , Sukharev A. I. , Potapov D. I.
Published: August 2024

Humic substances effect on a number of soil properties: structure formation, formation of cation exchange capacity, increase in water retention capacity, etc. At the same time, humic substances in soils and solutions do not exist in the form of individual molecules, but in the form of molecular associations having a fractal-cluster organization (F-clusters). Therefore, F-clusters should exert their influence on the properties of soils. Since these formations are strongly interconnected, their separation is necessary to assess their influence on soil properties. This can be done by mechanical activation – increasing the reactivity (activity) of substances during their mechanical processing. The aim of the paper was to study the effect of mechanical activation on some soil properties and on the development of plants in activated soils. It is shown that the field moisture capacity of samples of zonal soil types when using mechanical activation increases to 35% of the initial value. The results are explained from the standpoint of reducing the mobility of gravitational water by F-clusters in macrocapillaries. The optical density of aqueous extracts from chernozem increased by 75%, the viscosity of soil pastes increased by 57% due to an increase in the number of F–clusters in the soil solution. Activated soils stimulated wheat seed germination by 26%. This effect may be associated with the formation of films of F-clusters on the surface of seeds, which fix soil allelotoxins that slow down the development of seeds.
Microbiome of Soils and Supraglacial Objects in Background and Oil Polluted Ecosystems Hayes Island (Franz Joseph Land Archipelago)
Authors: Nikitin D. A. , Manucharova N. A. , Dobryansky A. S.
Published: August 2024

Using luminescent microscopy and real-time PCR, the microbiome of soils and supraglacial objects in the background and oil-contaminated ecosystems of the island was studied Hayes Island, part of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. Biomass of microorganisms ranged from 81 to 666 µg/g of substrate; most of it (up to 88%) is represented by fungi. Length of fungal mycelium reached more than 360 m/g of substrate. The number of prokaryotes varied from 4.0 × 107 to 3.75 × 10⁹ cells/g of substrate; the length of actinomycete hyphae reached 40 m/g of substrate. Up to 78% of the detected prokaryotic cells are represented by small nanoforms, which is typical for extreme ecosystems. Share of viable cells of microorganisms is maximum (74–86%) for surface organogenic horizons and minimum (29–54%) for mineral suprapermafrost layers. Prokaryotic complex was dominated by bacteria (from 5.14×105 to 5.05 × 10¹⁰ 16S rRNA copies/g of soil), but not by archaea, from 8.46 × 10⁵ to 2.28 × 10⁹ 16S rRNA copies/g of substrate. Amount of FJL fungal genetic material ranged from 6.47 × 10⁴ to 8.67 × 10¹⁰ ITS rRNA copies/g soil. Number of copies of the alkB gene (synthesis of alkane monooxygenase for the destruction of hydrocarbon n-alkanes) varied from 1.2 × 10¹ to 1.8 × 10⁵/g of substrate and sharply decreased from the surface horizons to the deep ones. Oil-contaminated soils and supraglacial objects contained a smaller biomass, however, a greater number of ribosomal genes of microorganisms compared to the background ecosystems. An exponential decrease in the analyzed quantitative parameters of microorganisms from surface to deep soil horizons was registered.
Biomass and Functional Diversity of Microbial Communities in Catenas of Virgin and Arable Gray Soils and Chernozems
Authors: Dushchanova K. S. , Ukrainskiy P. A. , Kashirskaya N. N. , Khomutova T. E. , Borisov A. V.
Published: August 2024

The biomass and functional diversity of microbial communities were studied in the watershed, transit, and accumulative positions in catenas of virgin gray soils (Luvic Retic Phaeozems) and chernozems (Haplic Chernozems) of the “Belogorye” nature reserve and arable variants outside the reserve. Microbial biomass was determined by the substrate induced respiration (SIR) and the determination of the content of phospholipids. Multisubstrate testing of respiratory responses in the MicroResp system after the addition of amino acids, carboxylic acids and carbohydrates was carried out. It was established that in the virgin chernozem, microbial biomass decreased in from the watershed towards the accumulative part of the slope; in the gray forest soil, minimal values were in the transit part of the catena. In the plowed horizon of agrochernozems, it was close in all parts of the catena and 2–3.5 times less than in virgin chernozems. For the agro-gray soils, an increase in microbial biomass was fixed in the soils of the transit and accumulative parts of the catena. Cluster analysis of respiratory responses in the 0–10 and 10–20 cm layers identified two groups of the most demanded substrates. The first group in both layers included citric and ketoglutaric acids, the second – fructose and succinic acid. Ascorbic acid, sucrose, and glutamine were included in the first group in the 0–10 cm layer and in the second group (along with asparagine and glycine) in the 10–20 cm layer. In all virgin and arable catenas, an increase in metabolic diversity was noted from the watershed to the accumulative part of the catena. At the same time, plowing led to its decrease in the 0–10 cm layer: up to 1.5 times in chernozems and up to 4 times in gray soils. In the 10–20 cm layer, similar trend was observed, except for the agro-gray soil in the transit part of the catena, where the number of significant responses increased 3.6 times in comparison with the virgin variant.
Structural and Functional State of Microbial Communities of Ancient Soloids of Archaeological Monuments of the Black Sea Coast of Russia
Authors: Rogozhina E. V. , Zakharikhina L. V. , Kizilov A. S. , Gorlenko M. V.
Published: August 2024

A comprehensive assessment of the structural and functional state of microbial communities of multi-temporal buried ancient soloids (a soil-like formation similar to soil but without genetically formed horizons) in open archaeological pits of ancient human sites located in the middle reaches of the Mzymta River on the Sochi Black Sea coast in the Akhtsu Grotto and Akhshtyrskaya Cave was carried out. Changes in the functional biodiversity of ancient soloids compared to the background (alluvial soils that form in close proximity to the studied soloids and have similar mesomorphological properties) are noted: a decrease in the specific metabolic work (W) of microbial communities by 1.2 times according to the method of multisubstrate testing and an increase in the instability of paleomicrobial systems according to the index of the rank distribution of the spectra of consumption of substrates d 1, which is typical for irreversibly damaged systems. The microbial community of ancient soloids has undergone a number of changes associated with anthropogenic activity. The analysis of the main absorption spectrum of substrates (MST method) showed that the microbial community of the soloid of the Akhtsu Grotto is oriented towards more intensive consumption of alcohols and amino acids, which suggests that organic matter of animal origin entered the cultural layer of the ancient human site. In the microbiome of the soloid of the Akhshtyrskaya cave the presence of lactotococci and bifidobacteria was found, which are extremely rare in soil and develop in conditions of excess carbohydrates on rich complex media, such as fermented meat and plant residues. Also, an increase in the content of keratinolytic fungi capable of decomposing keratin of hair, wool, feathers, etc. was found in the cultural layer of the cave site. Prokaryotic taxonomy in all the studied soils, with or without anthropogenic impact, was characterized by the predominance of the members of the Thermoleophilia clade and the families Gaiellaceae and Solirubrobacterales. Considering that these species require positive temperatures to develop, it suggests that the soils were formed in a mild climate. The Akhtsu grotto paleosols are a promising source of bacteria (genera Janthinobacterium, Lysobacter, Chitinophaga) that may have biotechnological potential.
Amyand's hernia concurrent with appendicitis: A literature review
Authors: Tenpe Shreya , Mude Gaurav , Godde Kuntal , Barole Nisha
Published: August 2024

When the vermiform appendix is inside the hernia sac, an uncommon kind of inguinal hernia known as Amyand's hernia (AH) occurs. Typically, an unintentional discovery discovered during surgery serves as the basis for the diagnosis. Only a tiny percentage of patients with inguinal hernias have AH, and even fewer experience problems with acute ischemia. The referral to general surgical services was due to an inguinal tumor located in the right lower quadrant of our 65-year-old male patient. There may be consequences from ischemia because this was not touch-sensitive. The appendix was removed by open hernioplasty. Treatment for type 1 AH, which this patient has, consists of mesh repair and hernial reduction. Despite not having acute appendicitis, our patient needed an appendectomy due to anatomical variation in their AH, which raised the possibility of hernial incarceration. Because of its size and adhesions inside the hernia, this treatment was also thought to be essential for preventing the recurrence of the hernia. This paper introduces a new method for handling the accidental finding of a type 1 AH. There are few treatment suggestions available for anatomic variations of the AH. The physical characteristics of AH may be included to overcome the drawbacks of the traditional Losanoff and Basson's AH classification methods for AH management and categorization. By using this method. Amyand's hernia occurs when a vermiform appendix is discovered inside an inguinal hernia sac. The objectives of this comprehensive investigation were to gather information on its occurrence, clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment course.
Development of residential mass construction and international experience of modernization
Authors: Arshakyan Aram
Published: August 2024

The development, transformation, and solutions of mass residential construction were examined based on the characteristic features of the given historical context. Mass residential construction worldwide has been differently influenced by the sociopolitical situations of various periods. It is essential to understand that mass residential construction has primarily evolved within newly emerging urban development environments. The provisions guiding the metamorphosis of mass residential development, as both social and political phenomena, were analyzed. Architectural changes and environmental transformations have been shown to impact the quality of life for populations, either positively or negatively. Various examples of mass building reconstruction and transformation were reviewed globally, with some deemed successful while others have not withstood the test of time. Daily monitoring of international experience is required due to the rapid changes in technologies, approaches, and ideologies worldwide. Renovation experiences differ across social and cultural contexts, sometimes fundamentally and other times superficially. Today, sustainable development directs the global community toward a common goal, which poses greater challenges for some countries than others. Therefore, a deep study of international experience is essential to create a more sustainable, comfortable, and modern housing stock.
Complex equipment design project for cultural monument restoration
Authors: Atsharyan Ani , Ziraqyan Srbuhi , Melikyan Artashes , Paytyan Tatevik , Baghdasaryan Ashot
Published: August 2024

The research aims to introduce new technologies that can modernize the restoration process. The advancement of cutting-edge innovations, such as sensors, data scanning techniques, and multi-resolution three-dimensional representations, has a significant impact on the development of new approaches in restoration. This is because the preservation of cultural heritage holds immense importance and value on a global scale. The main methods utilized in the article are the analysis of modern international scientific research and influential publications, along with the conceptualization of a new design project. Because of the research, a new complex equipment design project for cultural monument restoration has been created. The restoration project comprises of three main components: a scanner drone, a milling machine, and a 3D printer. To begin with, the scanner creates a three-dimensional model of the original monument or artifact. Once the digital restoration is developed, the 3D printer creates a 1:1 model. Depending on the size and materials of the artifact, a milling machine is used in the restoration process. Both the 3D printer and the milling machine are operated automatically by the digitally derived model. Although digital modeling software has been a useful tool for historical, architectural, and archaeological visualization for the past few decades, recent advancements in high-resolution technologies make it possible to produce digital results with even greater precision. Therefore, it can be concluded that this design project replaces handwork and eliminates inaccuracies that may occur during manual restoration due to the human factor.
Reliquaries in the form of church buildings in european culture
Authors: Gevorgyan Ashot , Ghambaryan Varduhi
Published: August 2024

The report is dedicated to the consideration of several reliquaries of the Catholic Church, which are made in the form of different buildings. With their external decoration and features of appearance, these reliquaries can provide enough interesting material for research in various fields. Reliquaries were most often given the form of an oblong building, decorated with ivory and enamel, often with niches in the side walls, which contained the figures of the apostles or saints, with statues of Christ and the Mother of God on the pediments. Since the 11th century, the form and size of the reliquaries of the Roman Catholic Church have changed significantly, becoming more diverse. Medium sizes begin to predominate (up to 50 centimeters). Reliquaries continue to retain the form of an oblong building or pyramid. The precious storages for the relics of the Christian saint or the objects he touched are the most refined and perfect works of medieval art. Several precious reliquaries and portable altars of jewelers from the Middle Ages give evidence of the high level of plastic development in these times. In the "mature" Romanesque era, reliquaries began to be made in the form of a church, which, in addition to the longitudinal main nave, had two side naves and a transverse one, with protruding pilasters, patterned through combed gratings, and a high roof and turrets. The most luxurious reliquaries of that era are found in Rhine places: the reliquaries of the Aachen Chapel, the reliquaries of the Cologne Residence, the shrines of the Hildesheim Cathedral, and others. One of the world-famous Catholic relics is the reliquary (tomb) with the remains of the three biblical Wise men, called the "sarcophagus of the three Wise men".
Renovation through transition: Postindustrial clusters in Charentsavan city, Armenia
Authors: Grigoryan Martun
Published: August 2024

In the former political-economic context, new types of small settlements called “avan,” and sometimes entire cities, were constructed around factories to supply and service industries and industrial areas. Following the dissolution of this formation, most of the land plots occupied by former industries lost their supply chain connections and importance, becoming gaping voids—territories of decaying industrial enterprises. These enterprises, having lost their primary functions, became abandoned areas with no new purpose. Meanwhile, nearby highly urbanized residential areas lack space for expansion. The most effective global solution to this situation is considered the renovation of degrading industrial facilities and the territories they occupy, repurposing them for new functions. The transition to the dominance of service production over goods production, including "social services" (education, healthcare, household services, entertainment) as opposed to "services to producers," has been studied, focusing on defining the characteristics of postindustrialism. These characteristics are related to changes in employment structure, with a significant shift toward the service sector. Additionally, the selection of strategic directions for Charentsavan's urban planning complex development has been examined. This involves sustainable community development, creating a safe and healthy biosphere for living, ensuring the preservation of natural and cultural heritage, and developing more efficient internal reserves through the reconstruction of former industrial zones, adapting them to meet citizens' needs.
Morphologic insights of contemporary architecture
Authors: Kertmenjian David
Published: August 2024

The "Morphologic Insights of Contemporary Architecture" are the result of a unified reinforcement of the prerequisites of modern architecture. Historical, theoretical, and significant examples of these prerequisites were presented at the beginning of the article. New developments in urban life, the emergence of overcrowding in megacities, concepts for improving the urban layer, the impact of housing on Earth's climate anxiety, and the development of sustainable philosophy were covered. The next part of the article examined the analytical establishment of contemporary buildings shaped by the precedents of building types, including a graphical analysis of the most characteristic buildings, leading to the following morphologic insights: 1. A transition from the “Rational South” into postmodernism, deconstructivism, morphosis, and the creation of new structures; 2 & 3. The invention of large complexes constructed in a unified and multiplied order of constituent parts; 4. Creation of urban and regional layouts of cluster zones; 5. Mega structural and local kinetic concepts of new urban developments; 6. Urban reconstructions involving large complexes within the modern context of metropolitan cities; 7. Concepts of facilities created by countries with both large and limited investment capabilities. The final instances were presented concerning complexes in Armenia today.
Peculiarities of the participative methodology application in the process of revitalization of the architectural heritage of the Yerevan historical district of Kond in Armenia
Authors: Khachatryan Anna
Published: August 2024

This study underscores the importance of a participatory methodology in reevaluating and reimagining the architectural heritage of the Yerevan Kond Historic District in Armenia. The Kond district holds tremendous historical significance, encompassing diverse cultural heritage, architectural styles, and community identities. Preservation and revitalization efforts for this district face challenges in striking a balance between historical authenticity and meeting the evolving needs of its inhabitants. The research advocates for a participatory approach that engages local communities in the conservation and revitalization process. By involving the local people, the aim is to ensure that the district's architectural heritage is preserved meaningfully to the community and enhances their sense of ownership and pride in their architectural heritage. Furthermore, it endeavors to generate sustainable architectural interventions that balance preserving historical authenticity and meeting contemporary needs. It contributes to the district's economic revitalization, protects its architectural legacy, and fosters cultural understanding. Emphasizing sustainability, the study integrates inclusive decision-making and innovative architectural practices, offering a potential model for global revitalization. By fostering inclusive decision-making processes and integrating innovative architectural practices, this approach can revitalize the district while preserving its unique cultural identity and further facilitate the creation of innovative, sustainable, and contextually sensitive solutions. Through a comprehensive research approach, this study explores the historical context, architectural typologies, socio-cultural dynamics, and current challenges faced by the Kond district. It argues that participatory methodology is essential for the conservation of architectural heritage in the 21st century, as traditional top-down approaches have often proven ineffective. The participatory methodology ensures conservation projects are sustainable and beneficial to local communities. The outcomes aim to formulate a community-centered vision for Kond's future, with findings relevant to historic areas globally navigating similar challenges in contemporary architectural heritage reimagining.
The architectural heritage of Artsakh. Academism and falsification
Authors: Kirakosyan Lyuba
Published: August 2024

Artsakh is rich in historical and cultural monuments spanning various epochs, with several thousand structures. These include religious, secular, and memorial architectural marvels dating from the early Middle Ages to the 19th century. The documentation and presentation of this rich heritage have evolved over approximately 200 years. Initially confined to historiographical narratives, travel notes, and memoirs, the scientific exploration of Artsakh's architectural legacy developed more recently, gaining momentum from the 1970s onward. The heritage of Artsakh has been examined by both Armenian and Azerbaijani specialists, employing varying approaches. This research endeavors to shed light on the approach of Armenian academic science toward the renowned monastery complexes in Artsakh. It also aims to highlight instances of potential fact manipulation and falsification by Azerbaijani specialists. The methodology employed involves a meticulous comparative analysis of professional literature and the synthesis of personal observations. Through the lens of the most celebrated monastery complexes in Artsakh, this study seeks to elucidate the historical and academic discourse surrounding them, tracing the evolution of perceptions and addressing potential distortions introduced by differing perspectives. If specific queries or areas of interest within this topic arise, feel free to delve deeper for a more detailed discussion.
Teaching about heritage and project desing in the European Higher Education Area: The IACOBUS program
Authors: Prieto López Juan Ignacio , Crespo González Cristóbal Crespo
Published: August 2024

The implementation of the European Higher Education Area has become both a challenge and an opportunity to rethink the education system in the field of Architecture in general and teaching of Project Design in particular. The ECTS system has supposed a change of paradigm that recognizes and replaces the concept of "teaching" by "learning" through purposeful action that was one of the usual claims of the project design subject. In this context, intervention in heritage, allows architecture students to recognize the values​​, types and systems of historical buildings throughout a broad and multidisciplinary view. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the experiences gained in the International Iacobus Program, which since 1994 addresses the rehabilitation of European heritage with the work developed by universities from five countries working on a common project. The program is designed to stimulate the debate on the different criteria for the intervention in architectural heritage, taking into account the specific diversity of the participating countries. Furthermore, through the interaction and exchange between students and professors of the different universities, the objective is to enrich learning by carrying out a collaborative work that reflects an intellectual position in relation to the common constructed heritage.
The importance of green spaces in newly built residential areas of the city of Yerevan: Enhancing well being and quality of life
Authors: Manvelyan Milena
Published: August 2024

The development of residential areas is greatly influenced by the presence of green spaces like parks, gardens, and leisure places, which also considerably improve community health and quality of life. Incorporating green spaces into residential infrastructure has several advantages, and this article discusses those advantages and emphasizes how crucial they are to improving community wellbeing.  For this investigation, a mixed-methods strategy was used to offer standards for integrating green spaces into residential areas at the stage of planning.  To compile the body of knowledge and research on the value of green spaces in residential areas and their effects on a community's well-being, a thorough literature review was done. Primary data was also gathered by distributing structured surveys to citizens of various Yerevan residential neighborhoods. The study's findings show how important green spaces are for improving community well-being and quality of life in Yerevan's residential neighborhoods. The examination of survey data showed beneficial correlations between residents' social contacts, mental health, and physical health when there are green spaces present. The outcomes also emphasize how critical it is to manage and maintain green spaces properly in order to preserve their long-term benefits.  The study comes to the conclusion that green spaces in Yerevan's residential districts greatly improve community well-being and quality of life, and using standard of integrating of green spaces are justifiably beneficial. In order to optimize the advantages of green areas, the study underlines the significance of ongoing investment in their creation and upkeep.
Abandoned settlement Khot in Syuniq region (Armenia) as a pole of growth, a foster for the development of the region and a core of the tourism cluster
Authors: Petrosyan Nune , Saroyan Albert , Shekoyan Zara
Published: August 2024

The historical texture of the highland rural settlement in the Syuniq region, dated to the 19th century, was studied. The old settlement fabric, harmoniously integrated into the landscape morphology, is rich with historic buildings that now require urban, environmental, and architectural reconstruction and modernization, with particular attention to the issue of identity. Conservation and protection measures addressing the historical-cultural value are expected to revitalize the historical urban environment of the settlement. This revitalization must adhere to protection decisions and worldwide heritage conventions, including UNESCO standards. Today, urban identity, particularly in old-historical regions, is being threatened, physically degraded, damaged, or even destroyed by the impact of globalization on societies everywhere. The possibilities for revitalizing the abandoned highland village of Khot in the Syunik region are presented within the context of Armenia's spatial planning. This measure aims to implement the concept of revitalizing existing urban environments' identities by introducing new functions to replace lost ones and creating new growth poles-centers of clusters based on abandoned settlements. These destinations may include historic heritage protection through rehabilitation and adaptive reuse, site popularization, and increasing tourist flows, ultimately impacting economic growth within the cluster as a tool for sustainable regional development.