bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of sex differences on patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms during hospital admission
Authors: Tan Wan Ying , Cramer Laura D. , Vijayvergia Namrata , Lustberg Maryam , Kunz Pamela L.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Sex disparities are known modifiers of health and disease. In neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), sex-based differences have been observed in the epidemiology and treatment-related side effects.

Objectives:

To examine sex differences in demographics, diagnoses present during hospital admission, comorbidities, and outcomes of hospital course among hospitalized patients with NENs.

Design:

Retrospective analysis.

Methods:

A descriptive analysis of sex differences was performed on patients with NENs discharged from U.S. community hospitals in 2019 from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

Results:

A total of 7334 patients with NENs were identified; 4284 patients had primary NENs, and 3050 patients had metastatic NENs. In total, 48.7% were males and 51.3% were females. Distributions of race and ethnicity, and payer types differed by sex ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.027, respectively). For race and ethnicity, there were more females in White, Black, and Native American races, and Hispanic ethnicity. For payer types, female predominance was seen with Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, and self-pay groups. Sex differences were seen in diagnosis made during hospital stay. In all NENs, oral ( p = 0.036) and neurologic ( p < 0.001) diagnoses were more common in females; ascites ( p = 0.002), dysphagia ( p = 0.002), biliary ductal obstruction ( p = 0.014), and jaundice ( p = 0.048) were more common in males. In primary NENs, ascites ( p < 0.001) was male predominant. In metastatic NENs, dysphagia ( p = 0.003) and jaundice ( p = 0.034) were male predominant, whereas females had more headaches ( p < 0.001). Nausea and vomiting were female predominant in all NENs ( p < 0.001), primary ( p = 0.044), and metastatic ( p < 0.001) NENs. For comorbidities, arthropathies ( p < 0.001), depression ( p < 0.001), hypothyroidism ( p < 0.001), other thyroid disorders ( p < 0.001), chronic pulmonary disease ( p = 0.002), and obesity ( p < 0.001) were female predominant.

Conclusion:

There were sex differences in the race and ethnicity, payer types, diagnoses present during hospital admission, and comorbidities among the 2019 NIS hospital discharge sample of patients with NENs.
I Am Match with Teams: How Person-Team Fit Facilitates Team Creativity?
Authors: Lin Xinyue , Zhang Haoyang , Zhang Manna , Zhang Yan , Du Juan
Published: December 2024

As diversity becomes more widespread within teams, it is crucial to examine the dynamics of person-team fit and its effect on team creativity. By exploring the interplay between complementary fit and supplementary fit, this study aims to shed light on how these two dimensions of person-team fit contribute to the creative processes within teams based on the optimal distinctiveness theory (ODT). A two-wave field survey was conducted among 363 frontline employees within 113 teams in hotels. The regression results indicated a positive association between complementary fit and team creativity. Furthermore, the mediating role of information elaboration in this relationship was observed. Supplementary fit played a positive moderating effect between complementary fit and team creativity whereby teams with higher levels of complementary fit demonstrated higher levels of team creativity, particularly when supplementary fit was also high. Our findings thus provide significant implications for organizations seeking to enhance team creativity, that is, ensuring an inclusive climate that promotes the emergence of shared perceptions regarding both complementary and supplementary fit.
Storytelling, Verbal Fluency, and Teacher’s Perception of Primary School Spanish Students
Authors: Iandolo Giuseppe , Aroca-Salom Miguel , Esteban Ángeles , Gonzalez-Cuevas Gustavo , Alonso-Campuzano Cristina
Published: December 2024

During childhood, teachers’ perception of students’ behavioral and academic performance, as well as storytelling and verbal fluency are of special relevance for reaching cognitive developmental milestones. However, little is still known about the interplay between these factors for students’ success. This investigation aimed at exploring narrative skills, verbal fluency, and teachers’ perception of behavioral and academic performance in sixty-one students aged between 6 and 12 years old from a Spanish primary school. The NEPSY-II verbal fluency test and the Bears Family Projective test were administered to students and an ad-hoc questionnaire about pupils’ socioemotional and academic progress in the classroom was completed by their teachers. Students’ stories were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using the Bears Family Integrated System. The results demonstrated that these teachers perceived girls with more typical behavior than boys in class. In general, students’ narrative skills were globally related to their academic and behavioral performance as perceived by their teachers. Students that used in storytelling the family as a unit were perceived by their teachers as happier. However, wider verbal fluency in students was unrelated to cohesion and structure in the stories, and only significantly related to more episodes and characters. Finally, students perceived by their teachers with lower academic performance and less typical behavior told more unbalanced stories with more characters’ maladaptive behaviors. In conclusion, these results highlight the importance of measuring verbal fluency and storytelling skills by teachers in primary education as potential risk/protective markers for emotional and behavioral self-dysregulation in class.
Outcomes of primary and revision total knee arthroplasty with constrained condylar knee prosthesis: A retrospective review
Authors: Hin LO Chun , Tang Yan Ho Bruce
Published: December 2024

Background

The constrained condylar knee (CCK) implants are becoming more frequently used but the long-term outcomes are inadequately reported. A retrospective review of complex primary and revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with use of Legacy Constrained Condylar Knee prosthesis (LCCK; Zimmer) was performed to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes, identify complications, and ascertain prosthesis survival.

Methods

A cohort of 54 primary TKA and 37 revision TKA cases were performed between December 2002 and March 2021 using the second-generation CCK prosthesis. The cases without using the constrained insert were excluded. Functional outcome comparison includes flexion and extension range of movement (ROM), Knee Society knee score (KSKS), function score (KSFS) and complications. Radiological outcome comparison includes tibiofemoral angle, hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle and prosthesis components alignment. Survival analysis was performed using revision surgery for any reason as censoring criteria.

Results

The mean follow-up duration was 4.8 years (1.0–9.9 years) in primary TKA group and 6.2 years (1.0–18.6 years) in revision TKA group. The mean KSKS improved from 40.5 to 86.6 in primary TKA group and from 58.8 to 79.6 in revision TKA group. The mean KSFS improved from 41.8 to 58.9 in primary TKA group and from 34.1 to 58.2 in revision TKA group. The overall complication rate was 7.5% in primary TKA group and 35.1% in revision TKA group. Aseptic loosening was found in 6 cases and periprosthetic joint infection was found in 5 cases. Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis estimated the overall mean survival was 17.9 years and 10-year survival rate was 93%.

Conclusions

Complex primary and revision TKA with use of LCCK prosthesis yielded significant reproducible improvement of clinical outcomes. The failure rate was low in primary TKA but relatively higher in revision cases.
Comparison of In-Game Trunk and Upper Extremity Kinematics Between Fastballs, Breaking Balls, and Changeups in NCAA Division I Collegiate Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Lerch Benjamin G. , Nebel Adam R. , Shannon David M. , Bordelon Nicole M. , Oliver Gretchen D.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Previous biomechanical analyses of baseball pitching report similar kinematics between pitch types. However, prior studies were conducted in a controlled laboratory environment.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

This study aimed to compare in-game trunk and upper extremity kinematics between fastballs, breaking balls, and changeups to determine whether there are kinematic differences that may affect performance as well as to provide new insights into potential risk factors for injury. It was hypothesized that there would be kinematic differences between pitch types.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was conducted of markerless motion capture data collected during National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I baseball games. Included were 34 pitchers who pitched at least 3 pitches of each type (fastball, breaking ball, changeup) during competition. A 1-way repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to test differences between pitch types, and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to test pairwise comparisons.

Results:

The MANOVA revealed a significant effect of pitch type ( P < .001), and follow-up univariate tests found a significant main effect of pitch type for 12 of the 15 kinematic variables analyzed. Post hoc Bonferroni tests revealed that maximum shoulder external rotation was significantly greater during fastballs than breaking balls. At foot contact, significantly less shoulder external rotation was seen during changeups compared with fastballs and breaking balls. At the time of ball release, changeups had significantly less trunk lean and less trunk flexion than fastballs and breaking balls, and fastballs had a significantly smaller arm slot angle than breaking balls and changeups.

Conclusion:

Collegiate baseball pitchers displayed numerous kinematic differences between pitch types during competitive play, some of which are known influencers of pitching kinetics.

Clinical Relevance:

This study offers a novel perspective regarding kinematic differences between different pitch types during competition. These results are comparable to the findings of laboratory studies and provide valuable insights into potential injury mechanisms.
Electioneering strategies in the hybrid regime: Another regular snap election in Serbia
Authors: Bursać Dejan , Vučićević Dušan
Published: December 2024

On December 17, 2023, another cycle of extraordinary parliamentary elections was held in Serbia, this time simultaneously with early provincial elections in the northern autonomous province of Vojvodina and early local elections in over 60 cities and municipalities. Elections for nearly 90 other cities and municipalities in the country have been conducted 6 months later, in June 2024, coinciding with the expiration of local assembly mandates. Both votes were preceded by political crises; however, as with all elections since 2014, they resulted in a decisive victory for the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS). In this paper, we will present an overall framework of the elections, including electoral rules, main actors and their campaign strategies, and results. Additionally, we will employ theoretical concepts of hybrid regime, stabilitocracy, and nationalization of elections to explain the frequent extraordinary elections in Serbia and their outcomes.
A Parallel Process of Staff–Family Distress in Long-Term Care: A Challenge to Collaboration
Authors: Serrano Diandra , Sussman Tamara , Kaasalanien Sharon , Wickson-Griffiths Abigail , Thompson Genevieve , Hunter Paulette V. , MacIntosh Health B. , Brazil Kevin
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Supporting persons living with advanced dementia in long-term care (LTC) homes requires strong collaborative partnerships between staff, family members, and residents. Yet, relational tensions—such as differing expectations around care decisions—can inhibit the implementation of collaborative partnerships at this critical point in the trajectory of care.

Objective

This study aims to explore the emotional experiences of families and staff during shared decision-making processes for individuals with advanced dementia in LTC.

Method

Guided by interpretative description, this qualitative study investigated the experiences of staff ( n = 12) and families ( n = 16) collaborating in two Canadian LTC homes. Data was collected through semistructured interviews lasting 45–60 min, which facilitated a detailed exploration of participants’ narratives. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis facilitated by a combination of inductive and deductive approaches.

Results

Our analysis revealed a complex parallel process of trauma and grief including accumulated distress, isolation, and feelings of devalue that worked together to create distance between staff and families at a time when connection was critical. Our findings further suggested that a lack of time and space for reflection and validation for staff and family, resulted in a cycle whereby staff and families engaged in a push and pull dynamic with each viewing the other as adversaries rather than allies.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the critical need for reflexive opportunities in LTC homes to overcome and attend to the emotional barriers that interfere with true collaboration between staff and families. We hope that the proposed cycle serves as a preliminary framework to support staff in navigating difficult conversations and emotions, and fosters reflexive care that enhances, rather than obstructs, connections.
From Shareholder Primacy to Stakeholder Approach: Readiness of Indian Firms for Value Creation and Distribution
Authors: Chaudhari Sushama , Yadav Ruchika , Uma S.
Published: December 2024

With the fast adoption of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by firms, stakeholder value creation has been the focus of policymakers and corporate leaders across the globe. The present study focuses on India and intends to understand the readiness of Indian firms towards the adoption of stakeholder primacy and creating and distributing value for the stakeholders. For this purpose, qualitative research was undertaken, and an inductive approach was adopted wherein the researchers conducted five focus group discussions (FGDs). The discussants of FGDs included chief executive officers, directors and senior executives of various Indian firms. They were the decision-makers and influencers in their respective firms and were likely to impact on how the stakeholder approach is adopted, and how value is created and distributed among the stakeholders of those firms. The study provides evidence for the identification of various stakeholders by a firm. The data analyses also indicate that firms seek autonomy in creating and distributing value among their stakeholders, and a flexible approach for determining and distributing that value.
Numerical modelling and simulation studies of laser beam heating parameters on depth of cut and surface temperature in laser-assisted machining of Ti6Al4V
Authors: Manepalli Satyadev , Purushothaman Sangeeth , Maddula Shanmuka Srinivas , Bhagavathi Lakshmana Rao , Mamilla Ravi Sankar
Published: December 2024

Laser-assisted machining (LAM) is a hybrid machining process which uses a laser heat source to heat the narrow zone of a work part material ahead of the cutting tool. Surface temperature and heat-affected depth (effective depth of cut) achieved during localised laser heating play an important role in the machinability of the workpiece. In the current work, moving laser heat source simulation studies are performed using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The effect of laser power, beam diameter, scan speed, convective heat transfer coefficient and absorptivity are studied by simulating different test cases. Results show that the average maximum surface temperature increases when the laser power is increased from 100 W to 160 W by 55%. It increases with the increase in absorptivity from 0.3 to 0.39 by 18%. The average maximum surface temperature decreases when the laser diameter is increased from 1 to 2.5 mm by 46%. It decreases with the increase in scan speed from 50 to 200 mm/min by 5%. In the case of effective depth of cut, similar trends were observed with the variation of the above parameters. Further, the variation of convective heat transfer coefficient from 5 to 20 W/m-K does not affect the average maximum surface temperature and effective depth of cut. It was found that the laser power has a significant effect on average maximum surface temperature and effective depth of cut compared to other parameters.
Risk factors for housing insecurity following bereavement: a cross-sectional analysis of UK survey respondents
Authors: Simpson-Greene C. R. L. , Hudson B. F.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Housing insecurity can be linked to bereavement and is often caused or exacerbated by loss of household income and restrictions to some tenancy agreements. Housing insecurity can result in significant practical disruption, increase risk of adverse health outcomes and decrease quality of life. However, despite the impact of housing insecurity on experiences following bereavement, little is known about its underlying risk factors.

Aim:

To investigate characteristics associated with housing insecurity, defined as odds of having to move home following bereavement.

Methods:

This exploratory, cross-sectional analysis used data from an online survey commissioned by Marie Curie in November 2023. The survey investigated administrative difficulties faced by UK residents who had experienced a close bereavement in the past five years. Logistic regression modelling was used to quantify the strength and direction of the association between characteristics and odds of having to move home.

Results:

In all, 2901 bereaved people were included in the analysis. The incidence of having to move home following bereavement was 11.2% ( n = 324). Characteristics associated with significantly increased odds of having to move in fully adjusted models included being younger, being male, renting privately, bereavement following the death of a younger person, being bereaved in the last 12 months and completing practical tasks following bereavement, a proxy measure for the relationship between the bereaved and deceased. Living in Wales, living in Scotland and living in Northern Ireland were each associated with significantly lower odds of having to move compared with living in England. Data on ethnicity or socioeconomic factors were unavailable.

Conclusion:

Certain groups of people may have an increased risk of having to move home following bereavement. This highlights inequity in experiences of bereavement and emphasises the need for research to explore other aspects of housing insecurity and the means to address potential inequities.
Caregiver Medication Information Needs and Medication Management Challenges in Pediatric Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hansen Micaella Sotera , Castelino Ronald Lynel , Li Raymond , Manoharan Neevika , Bloomfield Jacqueline , Van Connie
Published: December 2024

Background: The objective of this systematic review was to identify the medication information needs and preferences of caregivers of children with cancer and explore the medication management challenges these caregivers experienced. Method: We conducted a systematic search of three databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, and Medline) for studies published from database inception to February 27, 2024, and assessed the medication information needs of caregivers of children with cancer. The methodological quality of qualitative studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Research Checklist. Quantitative and mixed-methods studies were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results: A total of 813 articles were retrieved using our search criteria, of which 13 met the eligibility criteria. Three overarching categories were identified: caregiver medication information needs and preferences, medication management concerns and challenges, and medication management strategies. Most studies focused on the needs and concerns of mothers of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in high-income countries, leaving a knowledge gap in relation to the perspectives of other caregivers across a broader range of malignancies. Discussion: This systematic review underscores the critical medication information needs of caregivers managing chemotherapy for children with cancer. Caregivers require tailored, accessible information throughout the treatment trajectory to effectively manage medication regimens and mitigate potential errors. Addressing these needs through comprehensive education strategies is essential for enhancing caregiver self-efficacy and improving overall patient outcomes in pediatric oncology.
Emergency neurosurgical hybrid operating platform for acute intracranial hemorrhage (E-HOPE)
Authors: Wang Mingze , Ge Peicong , Jiao Yuming , Deng Xiaofeng , Yu Songlin , Jiang Yuha , Li Zhi , Wang Tao , He Hongwei , Li Youxiang , Chen Xiaolin , Wang Shuo , Cao Yong
Published: December 2024

Background

Precise diagnosis and rapid treatment for acute complex intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) are crucial. The neurosurgical hybrid operating platform integrates traditional open neurosurgery operating room functionalities with endovascular therapy capabilities and is developing in the neurosurgical practice. However, its effect on the emergent complicated neurovascular cases needs pilot exploration.

Methods

In this prospective study, a total of 103 cases of both spontaneous and non-spontaneous ICH were consecutively recruited between June 2019 and June 2023. Demographic data, including age, gender distribution, and types of hemorrhage, were collected. Surgical interventions were tailored based on DSA, including spontaneous and non-spontaneous hemorrhages. Functional outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) preoperatively and postoperatively.

Results

Over the study period from June 2019 to June 2023, a cohort of 103 ICH cases underwent emergency hybrid surgical treatment utilizing the E-HOPE platform. Among these cases, 88 were classified as spontaneous ICH, while 15 were non-spontaneous. The mean age at diagnosis for the entire cohort was 54.0 ± 3.7 years, with a slight predominance of male patients. Spontaneous ICH encompassed a diverse spectrum of etiologies, including arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, arteriovenous fistulas, cavernous malformations, moyamoya disease, and cryptogenic hemorrhages. Surgical interventions were tailored to address the specific pathology. Notably, improvements in mRS scores were observed in a majority of cases, with some patients experiencing stabilization or deterioration postoperatively. Non-spontaneous cases (n = 15) were primarily iatrogenic (n = 13) due to tumors adjacent to the internal carotid artery, necessitating stent graft deployment. Surgical approaches, including stent graft deployment and middle meningeal artery embolization, were effective in managing these cases. Postoperative functional outcomes varied depending on the nature of the hemorrhage, with a subset of patients demonstrating improvement in mRS scores while others showed no significant change.

Conclusions

Emergency hybrid surgical treatment utilizing the E-HOPE platform offers promising outcomes for ICH patients. Tailored surgical approaches result in favorable postoperative functional outcomes, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing these complex cases.
Establishment of baseline size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) for paediatric head computed tomography (CT) examinations
Authors: Sulemana Hamza , Mumuni Abdul Nashirudeen , Abubakari Izre-deen Osman Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Background

In recent times, size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) has been the ideal metric for accurate estimation of individual patient doses in computed tomography (CT) examinations. The objective of this study was to estimate patient radiation doses based on SSDE and the water-equivalent diameter (DW) as an effect tool for dose optimization in paediatric head CT at two facilities in Tamale Metropolis, in the northern region of Ghana. This is a preliminary retrospective study conducted on 57 paediatric patients (comprising 32 males and 25 females), aged newborns to 16 years old, who underwent head CT examinations. Patient head sizes were determined in terms DW, which was calculated by manual contouring the circumference of the CT images excluding the background to measure the region of interest (ROI) using the mid-slice axial CT images. SSDE was calculated as the product of CTDIvol and the size-specific conversion coefficients (CTDIvol, 16 to SSDE) obtained from the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Report 293.

Results

At facility ‘A’, the median SSDE values for patients, aged 3 months to 1 year, 1 to 6 years, and older than 6 years were 46.1 mGy, 39.6 mGy, and 48.2 mGy, respectively. The corresponding CTDIvol values were 42.3 mGy, 39.1 mGy, and 51.7 mGy. Facility ‘B’ reported median SSDE values of 36.0, 39.2, and 43.8 mGy, with corresponding CTDIvol values of 28.7, 39.8, and 46.9 mGy for the same age categories. For all age groups, the two facilities showed significant differences in SSDE values (44.72 mGy vs. 39.77 mGy, p = 0.009) and CTDIvol values (45.72 mGy vs. 40.60 mGy, p = 0.03). Some of the age group doses were up to 25.3% in CTDIvol and 25.8% in SSDE higher than those found in published data.

Conclusions

The SSDEs estimated showed significant variations between the two facilities, indicating a possible variability of scan protocols for paediatric head CT examinations. The SSDEs obtained in this study could be useful for optimization of paediatric routine head CT examinations.
From Hermitage to Heritage?: the legacy of the Lantau Mountain Camp
Authors: Lee Miriam
Published: December 2024

This paper traces the continuity and changes of the little-known Lantau Mountain Camp, a century-old hill station in Hong Kong, with respect to local, regional and global vicissitudes, from its missionary origins, to its memorable tradition as an international summer camp to its growing reputation as a popular scenic landscape. The author discusses how and why this camp was established, its representation in Hong Kong and its transition from a missionary retreat and closely bonded community to a fraternity for rustic, spartan living, with, in recent years, a focus on conservation of the natural environment and cultural landscape. The dynamics of the heritagisation process of the camp involving different stakeholders with different goals and motives are reviewed.
Mental health in criminal justice: presentations, provision and possibilities
Authors: Forrester Andrew
Published: December 2024

This article summarises the BJPsych Bulletin 2024 special edition on mental health in criminal justice and correctional settings. The edition considers issues across a range of settings, including police custody, the courts and prisons, as well as considering wider international questions and systems within the field. In this edition, we assert the right of the individual to healthcare services that should be available, accessible, acceptable and of good quality. Psychiatry must play a significant role in shaping this debate as it moves forward.
Improving dementia prognostication in cognitively normal older adults: conventional versus novel approaches to modelling risk associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms
Authors: Ghahremani Maryam , Smith Eric E. , Ismail Zahinoor
Published: December 2024

Background

Studies in cognitively normal individuals on associations between psychiatric symptomatology and incident dementia have not reliably differentiated psychiatric syndromes from neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) that represent neurodegeneration. Conventional modelling often overlooks symptom natural history. Mild behavioural impairment (MBI) is a syndrome that leverages later-life emergent and persistent NPS to identify a high-risk group for incident dementia.

Aim

We aimed to explore associations of MBI, and conventionally-measured NPS (NPS-not-MBI), with incident dementia in cognitively normal individuals and the cognitively normal subset with subjective cognitive decline (SCD).

Method

Using National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data, MBI was operationalised by the absence of past psychiatric disorders (symptom emergence) and the presence of symptoms at >2/3 of pre-dementia visits (symptom persistence). Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regressions modelled dementia incidence across NPS groups and MBI domains, adjusted for age, gender, education, race, APOE-ε4, and cognitive status.

Results

The sample comprised 1408 MBI (age 75.2 ± 9.5; 54.3% female), 5625 NPS-not-MBI (age 71.6 ± 8.8; 65.5% female) and 5078 No-NPS (age 71.2 ± 8.9; 67.6% female) participants. Compared with No-NPS, MBI participants had lower dementia-free survival (P < 0.0001) and 2.76-fold greater adjusted dementia incidence rate (95% CI: 2.27–3.35, P < 0.001); incidence rate in NPS-not-MBI did not differ from No-NPS (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% CI: 0.82–1.14, P = 0.687). Of those with MBI who progressed to dementia, 76.0% developed Alzheimer's disease. Similarly, in the SCD subsample (n = 3485), persons with MBI had 1.99-fold greater dementia incidence versus No-NPS (95% CI: 1.46–2.71, P < 0.001) while NPS-not-MBI did not differ from No-NPS (hazard ratio 0.92, 95% CI: 0.70–1.19, P = 0.511).

Conclusions

Incorporating natural history into assessment of psychiatric symptoms in accordance with MBI criteria enhances dementia prognostication and modelling.
Portable Medical Orders and Inpatient Cost at End of Life in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: LoCastro Marissa , Baran Andrea , Liesveld Jane , Huselton Eric , Hill Elaine , Loh Kah Poh , Mendler Jason H.
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

We previously demonstrated that early completion of portable medical orders, known as Medical Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (MOLST), was associated with lower-intensity care at the end of life (EOL) for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a MOLST form completed before hospitalization on the cost of inpatient care during the last 30 days of life for patients with AML and MDS.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective study of 271 adult patients with a diagnosis of AML or MDS who died between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, and received care for their hematologic malignancy at the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC). Costs were hospital charges for inpatient care at URMC. Nonparametric Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare costs between diagnosis and age subgroups (AML
v
MDS, ≥60 years old
v
<60 years old). A multivariate linear regression model was used to assess the association of MOLST form completion before hospitalization (
v
not) with cost of inpatient care.

RESULTS

Among patients hospitalized within the last 30 days of life (n = 229), the median cost of inpatient care within the last 30 days of life was $24,054 in US dollars (USD). Median cost was lower for patients who completed a MOLST form before hospitalization than for patients who had not ($17,808
v
$33,283 USD;
P
< .0001). On multivariate analysis, completion of a MOLST form before hospitalization was associated with lower cost of inpatient care (

β

, –.65; SE, 0.16;
P
< .0001).

CONCLUSION

Completion of a MOLST form before hospitalization was associated with lower inpatient costs at EOL for patients with AML and MDS.
Between the Homing Pigeon and the Vagrant: The Contract Labor System and the Creation of the Immoral Mexican Migrant, 1910–1929
Authors: Bernardino Erik
Published: December 2024

This article traces how local, state, and federal officials in the United Sates weaponized morality against Mexican contract wage laborers in the first three decades of the twentieth century. The author argues that the sexual morals policing project targeting immigrant women suspected of prostitution and other immoral behaviors shaped the experiences of Mexican contract wage laborers as they sought entry into the United States and once they were admitted. By focusing on the racialized poverty of the Mexican, US immigration officials and employers created a stark binary of workers as “moral” law-abiding/“immoral” vagrant criminals depending on laborers compliance and participation within a burgeoning transnational contract labor system.
Velocity Specific Adaptations to Three Widely Used Strength Training Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Trane Glenn , Pedersen Stine , Mehus Håkon André , Helgerud Jan , Unhjem Runar Jakobsen
Published: December 2024

Aim

We examined bench press adaptations to three widely used strength training methods; maximal strength training (MST), hypertrophy training (HT) and explosive strength training (EST). To reflect how these methods are typically applied by practitioners, MST and EST were volume matched, whereas HT were performed at higher volume.

Methods

Sixty-three moderately trained subjects (32 males; 31 females) were randomized into 8 weeks of MST, HT, EST or control (CON), 3 sessions/week. MST performed 4 x 4 repetitions bench press at ≥85% of 1RM. HT performed 3 x 8-12 repetitions at ∼70-80% of 1RM. EST performed 4 x 6-7 repetitions bench press throws at 40% of 1RM. Maximal-, explosive- and endurance strength characteristics were assessed, as well as muscle hypertrophy.

Results

1RM increased more after MST (+21.5%) and HT (+17.9%) compared to EST (+5.9%) and CON (all p ≤ 0.001). Rate of force development (RFD) at 50% of 1RM increased more after MST (+58.4%) than EST (+27.1%, p ≤ 0.01) and CON (p ≤ 0.01), and more after HT (+38.9%) than CON (p ≤ 0.01). Mean propulsive velocity (MPV) increased more after MST compared to CON across all loads (20-80% of 1RM), and more than EST at 80% (p ≤ 0.001), 60% (p ≤ 0.01), with a strong tendency at 40% of 1RM (p = 0.053). Δ1RM correlated with ΔMPV at all loads of the L-v profile (r = 0.40-0.56, p ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions

MST and HT were more effective than EST for improving maximal and explosive strength performance against moderate and high loads. At low loads, EST was not more effective than MST and HT, despite high degree of velocity specificity. Changes in muscle strength appear to be more important than velocity specificity to increase performance across the L-v profile.
Psicografia de cartas consoladoras como estratégia para o enfrentamento do luto complicado
Authors: Hott Márden Cardoso Miranda , Reinaldo Amanda Márcia dos Santos
Published: December 2024

Objetivos: entender o (des)conforto físico/emocional de enlutados que almejam psicografia de ente querido; conhecer o bastidor psicográfico; mensurar a mitigação do luto; compartilhar entraves em pesquisa. Métodos: foram aplicadas, em 2022 e 2023, entrevistas estruturadas, com 10 perguntas para enlutados; semiestruturadas, com 10 inquéritos para 1 médium e 6 auxiliares; abertas, para 12 receptores de mensagens mediúnicas. Resultados: óbices em campo pré-autorizado resultou no descarte de dados. Alterado o ambiente, 124 entrevistas obtidas seguem em análise qualitativa, comparando (des)conformidade com estudos consolidados. Conclusão: o desgaste físico/emocional de enlutados e viabilizadores da psicografia não supera o ensejo por consolo espiritual.
Los saberes míticos de la educación artística a través de la interrelación de las artes. Un ejemplo aplicado a la música: el mito de la gran tormenta.
Authors: Blázquez Izquierdo Carmen
Published: December 2024

Las enseñanzas artísticas son en las sociedades actuales un campo privilegiado
para la experimentación estética. A partir de esta tesis, el principal objetivo del artículo
es fundamentar la idea de que la educación artística debe ser ante todo una búsqueda
de formas alternativas de representación que activen en los estudiantes la motivación.
Se propone entonces la dialéctica clásica como método pedagógico para evidenciar la
interrelación entre las artes y demostrar que las enseñanzas artísticas son una vía real
de formación humanística. En este sentido, la utilización del pensamiento mítico procura
una vía de expresión de saberes universales que permite la reflexión y a la vez una
puesta al día de los valores que comportan, lo que facilita su comprensión. Como
ejemplo de este método en este artículo se desarrolla un caso de interrelación de las
artes con protagonismo de la música a través del ancestral mito de la gran tormenta.
Computational Framework for Target Tracking Information Fusion Problems
Authors: Yang Tianyu , Liu Jiongbai , Faiz Tasnim Ibn , Vogiatzis Chrysafis , Noor-E-Alam Md.
Published: December 2024

In this work, we propose computationally tractable techniques for extracting valuable information from diverse data sources collected by multiple sensors in a variety of formats (visual, sonar, quantitative, qualitative, social information, etc.). More specifically, we develop an integrated approach consisting of two algorithms for extracting information and achieving a consensus-based, robust solution. The first algorithm extracts solutions from sensors within each data source, whereas the second algorithm reaches a compromise among the generated solutions from the previous algorithm across all data sources. To accomplish these goals, we initially transform the multisensor multitarget tracking problem (MSMTT) problem into a multidimensional assignment problem. Subsequently, we introduce a decomposition-based multisensor recursive approach referred to as a revised multisensor recursive algorithm, which can efficiently deliver a robust solution for each single data source MSMTT problem. In the second algorithm, we extend our methodology to the multisource MSMTT problem by introducing a connection-based symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization technique, which is shown to be computationally feasible and efficient in obtaining high-quality solutions.

History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science & Machine Learning.

Funding: This work was supported by the Army Research Laboratory [Grant G00006831].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0016 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0016 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Code and Data Repository for Production Planning Under Demand and Endogenous Supply Uncertainty
Authors: Hewitt Mike , Pantuso Giovanni
Published: December 2024

This software implements a specialized Benders algorithm for solving a Production Planning Problem under Endogenous Uncertainty.
Code and Data Repository for Incorporating Promotional Effects in Sales Planning of the Retail Industry Using Geometric Programming
Authors: Khandan Melika , Hoseinpour Pooya
Published: December 2024

This directory contains all the instances and results in both Numerical Experiments and Case Study Sections in the paper.
Code and Data Repository for A Quantum-Inspired Bilevel Optimization Algorithm for the First Responder Network Design Problem
Authors: Karahalios Anthony , Tayur Sridhar , Tenneti Ananth , Pashapour Amirreza , Salman F. Sibel , Yıldız Barış
Published: December 2024

The software in this repository is developed to solve the First Responder Network Design Problem (FRNDP) using Graver Augmentation Multi-seeded Algorithm (GAMA) and Branch-and-Bound.
Code and Data Repository for A Semidefinite Programming-Based Branch-and-Cut Algorithm for Biclustering
Authors: Sudoso Antonio M.
Published: December 2024

BICL-SDP is an exact algorithm, based on the branch-and-cut technique, for solving the biclustering problem through the k -densest-disjoint biclique criterion described in the paper "An SDP-based Branch-and-Cut Algorithm for Biclustering". This repository contains the C++ source code and the MATLAB scripts.
An urban and Sonoran Desert bat: the most northwestern record of Glossophaga mutica
Authors: Rivera-Villanueva Aquetzalli Nayelli , Leal-Sandoval Alfredo , Guzmán-Velasco Antonio
Published: December 2024

El murciélago lenguetón de Pallas Glossophaga mutica (Merriam, 1898) es de las especies más generalistas de la subfamilia Glossophaginae.  Glossophaga mutica es común en áreas tropicales, pero en el desierto de Sonora es una especie rara, la cual enfrenta amenazas como cambios en el uso de la tierra y disturbio en sus refugios.  Para tener conocimiento de las especies de murciélagos urbanos en Hermosillo, una ciudad en el desierto de Sonora colocamos un par de redes de niebla en la Cueva Santa Martha.  Este refugio está ubicado en el Cerro La Cementera y se encuentra a menos de 120 m de la avenida más cercana y a menos de 400 m en línea recta de un centro comercial.  Para definir la distribución norteña confirmamos las localidades, identificamos los registros con georreferencias incorrectas e identificación de los especímenes disponibles en GBIF.  Reportamos el primer registro de 2 hembras preñadas de G. mutica en el área urbana de Hermosillo, Sonora.  Confirmamos que nuestro registro es el más noroccidental de su distribución y se incrementa su distribución por 125 km del registro histórico más cercano.  La Cueva Santa Martha también posee cientos de Macrotus californicus.  El sitio donde mostramos el nuevo registro es concurrido por personas que practican senderismo y el refugio enfrenta disturbio humano.  Definir los límites noroccidentales de la distribución de G. mutica es crucial porque las estrategias de conservación se enfocan en las poblaciones núcleos, pero las poblaciones que se encuentran en los límites de su distribución proveen oportunidades de conservación.
Observations of feeding attempts on Baird’s tapirs (Tapirella bairdii) by common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: Shipley-Mellon April , Azofeifa Alejandro , Herrera Danny , Solano-Mora Evelyn T. , Saborío-R Guido , Olson Erik R.
Published: December 2024

Amit y Valverde-Zúñiga reportaron las primeras observaciones de Desmodus rotundus intentando alimentarse de Tapirella bairdii en Costa Rica.  Ellos reportaron comportamientos que creían consistentes con comportamientos de antiparasitismo para las dantas.  Proporcionamos evidencia adicional que argumenta que tales comportamientos antiparasitarios pueden haber sido seleccionados y estar extendidos entre los mamíferos neotropicales.  Mantuvimos una red de cámaras trampa dentro del Parque Nacional Corcovado, Costa Rica desde 2015.  Nuestra red consistió en 13 a 56 cámaras emparejadas o no emparejadas, colocadas en una cuadrícula de 4 x 4 km.  En 2021 capturamos vídeo de un D. rotundus arrastrándose hasta un T. bairdii en un aparente intento de alimentación, mientras un segundo D. rotundus parece estar esperando cerca, mostrando una táctica de alimentación en grupo bien conocida de esta especie.  Sin embargo, la danta evadió el intento de alimentación debido a lo que parece ser un comportamiento consistente a través de algunas especies en el tiempo y el espacio.  Esto sugiere una respuesta conductual evolutiva a los intentos de alimentación por parte de D. rotundus.  En 2023, documentamos un segundo evento entre un individuo de D. rotundus y un T. bairdii juvenil que caminaba por el área de detección de nuestra cámara.  Nuestras observaciones, combinadas con las observaciones de otros, sugieren un movimiento repentino que obliga a D. rotundus a apartarse del cuerpo de la danta, lo cual es una estrategia eficaz para evitar un ataque.
The impact of digital badges on advanced clinical practitioners and the challenges encountered
Authors: Alsararatee Hasan
Published: December 2024

Digital badges have become a powerful way to recognise and validate the skills and competencies of advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs). The NHS England Centre for Advancing Practice has introduced these badges to standardise the recognition of education, training and experience. ACPs can claim a badge on successful completion of an accredited programme or the ePortfolio (supported) route. This article explores the impact of digital badges on ACPs, highlighting their role in professional development, recognition and career progression. It also addresses the challenges ACPs encounter in claiming these badges, including inconsistencies in recognition for non-accredited programmes and the uncertainty surrounding ongoing accreditation processes. The article suggests future studies to explore this area further. It is a relatively new area and no studies have yet examined the impact of digital badges on ACPs, employers or patient care.
Evidence-based approach to recognising and reducing stress in pet guinea pigs
Authors: Foote Amber
Published: December 2024

Guinea pigs, as a prey species, are very susceptible to stress and often disguise the signs. Registered Veterinary Nurses (RVN) must understand the natural behaviour of guinea pigs to be able to interpret the signs of stress and to be able to implement stress-reducing techniques. This article discusses the signs, causes and effects of stress in pet guinea pigs and how RVNs can address and educate owners on the health and welfare of their pet guinea pig.
Anaesthesia in exotics part 3: reptiles
Authors: Ayers Hayley
Published: December 2024

Anaesthesia in reptiles is slower paced than in other exotic species. However, anatomical differences mean that anaesthesia in these species is not straightforward. Nonetheless, once understood, reptile anaesthesia can be highly rewarding. There are approximately 10 000 known species of reptiles; therefore, this article will focus on the most common wider groups encountered in veterinary practice: snakes, lizards and chelonians. This is the third in a three-part series of articles designed to provide an outline of the principles of anaesthesia in exotics and instil confidence in the veterinary nurse to be an advocate for exotic animal care.
Responsible use of parasiticides in pets
Authors: Elsheikha Hany
Published: December 2024

Parasiticides are an integral part of parasite treatment and prevention in pets. Despite their importance as life-saving medications and a major contributor to better health and quality of life, widespread and inappropriate use of parasiticides could have important consequences. Concerns over parasite control practices involving ‘blanket-treatment’ have caused key organisations to call for more responsible use of parasiticides to minimise the risk of environmental contamination and limit the development of antiparasitic drug resistance. Veterinary professionals are encouraged to follow a more targeted and individualised risk-based approach to parasite control. However, successful adoption and effective implementation of this new approach requires the veterinary profession to overcome many barriers and contextual differences in the way effective parasite control is perceived by the various stakeholders. Recently, evidence-based diagnosis (treatment based on confirmed diagnosis) together with antiparasitic drug stewardship (avoiding unnecessary antiparasitic use in pets which do not benefit from treatment) have been suggested to reconcile the trade-offs between avoiding parasiticide overuse and achieving effective parasite control. Although these new approaches cannot yet fully address the challenges of attaining optimal parasite control, they have the potential to improve the outcomes of parasite treatment and preserve the efficacy of parasiticides, the most essential component of any parasite control regimen.