bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Fintech and Cryptocurrency Initiatives Make Banks Less Special?
Authors: Schich Sebastian
Published: October 2019

Banks as a group have traditionally been considered “special” in the sense of meriting the full set of provisions of the financial safety net. The specific motivations for that view have evolved over time, although it owes more to a specific combination of economic functions performed as opposed to any particular function. These functions include offering transaction accounts redeemable in cash on demand, providing liquidity, and serving as conduits for payments and monetary policy transmission. Recent developments suggest however that almost all of the individual economic functions performed by banks can in fact be provided in unbundled form by Fintech initiatives, in some cases more rapidly, at lower fees, and via more streamlined digital interfaces. One important exception remains monetary policy transmission. For the performance of this function, policy makers and central bankers have reserved a privileged role for banks. A radical departure from the current fractional reserve system would be required to unbundle that function and separate money from the banking system, and some private cryptocurrencies have been proposed with the explicit intent to change the nature of money. So far, the present article concludes such initiatives remain marginal, so that banks as a group remain “special”. This observation owes much to the fact that central banks rely on the capacity of the banking system to create money and provide the economy with adequate liquidity and, despite occasional financial crises, have concluded that the efficiency of the current system outweighs the associated costs.
Ecological disturbances and their relative impacts on coral cover: analysis of monitoring data in Sekisei Lagoon (Okinawa, Japan)
Authors: Muko Soyoka , Nadaoka Kazuo
Published: October 2019

Using monitoring data from 1998 to 2017, we examined the spatiotemporal pattern of disturbances that occurred in Sekisei Lagoon, surrounded by Iriomote and Ishigaki islands in Okinawa, Japan. Outbreaks of crown- of-thorns starfish ( Acanthaster cf. solaris ), coral bleaching,
typhoon damage, snail predation, and occurrences of growth anomalies, black band disease, and white syndrome were investigated using generalized linear models. Likelihood ratio test indicated that the type of coral assemblage, topographic features, and geographic range of research sites affected
the occurrence of each disturbance. The sites dominated by Acropora spp. and the sites located in Sekisei Lagoon suffered recurrent and multiple disturbances. The impacts of disturbances on coral cover were evaluated using generalized additive models. Model averaging using Akaike information
criteria revealed that a loss of coral cover occurred even when only a few A. cf. solaris were present, when the bleaching rate was sufficiently high, or when typhoon damage was severe. Our study describes spatiotemporal patterns of disturbances over a 20-yr period and reveals
their relative impacts on coral cover. Our findings may be useful in predicting the responses of coral communities to future climate change scenarios.
Mould Characterization and Mycotoxin Quantification of Chia Seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) Grown in Kenya
Authors: Njeri Veronicah , Mburu Monica , Koskei Kipkorir
Published: October 2019

Chia seeds are functional food that have been considered highly nutritious. They have high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid content therefore counteract lifestyle disorder such as cardiovascular diseases. This study sought to determine the level of mould contamination in chia seeds; enumeration and characterization of the types of molds and quantification of mycotoxin level, for chia seeds grown and sold in Kenya. A complete randomized block design with triplicates was used in the study. Samples were collected at random from farmers and distributors in Nyeri, Nakuru, Busia and Trans Nzoia counties. Moulds species were isolated from PDA and MEA Medias and morphological characteristics was determined under X 40 magnification power. Mould counts were found to be between 1.33 X 103cfu/ml to 2.67 X 103cfu/ml. Mould characterization done by microscopic and macroscopic technique showed evidence of Rhizopus spp, Trichoderma spp and Fusarium spp. Amongst the three genera found, Rhizopus spp was the predominantly occurring mould. The percentage moisture content of chia seeds samples ranged from 6.49±1.26 and 9.16±0.43. Significant variations on moisture content (p< 0.05) were observed among chia samples from different farmers. Aflatoxin was not detected in all chia samples. It can therefore be concluded that the chia samples were not contaminated with aflatoxin although different species of mold were present. Farmers need to be trained on proper postharvest handling methods of chia seeds, as well as proper storage and an objective method of analyzing the moisture content of the chia seeds need to be developed.
Landelijke evaluatie van de verschillende vormen van piketmediation: best practices en knelpunten
Authors: Brouwer Daniëlle , de Jong Eva , Coenraad Lieke , Antokolskaia Masha
Published: October 2019

Landelijke evaluatie van de verschillende vormen van piketmediation: best practices en knelpunten

Piketmediation is een vorm van mediation naast rechtspraak maar dan in de vorm van een pressure-cooker. Typerend voor piketmediation is dat de mediation plaatsvindt in het gerechtsgebouw en dat in beginsel direct na het eerste gesprek een terugkoppeling plaatsvindt aan de rechter. Het doel van piketmediation is om een verdere escalatie van het conflict te beperken en partijen een dienst te bieden waardoor zij snel tot een oplossing kunnen komen. Piketmediation wordt veelal aangeboden in de voorlopige voorzieningenprocedure.

In opdracht van de Raad voor de rechtspraak is empirisch onderzoek uitgevoerd binnen het Amsterdams Centrum voor Familie & Recht (ACFL) van de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. In dit onderzoek zijn verschillende aanbiedingsvormen van piketmediation geëvalueerd die worden aangeboden door zeven gerechten: in een aantal gerechten zijn piketmediation pilots uitgevoerd en in andere is piketmediation reeds een reguliere werkwijze is geworden. In totaal zijn er 120 dossiers gescoord, 39 interviews afgenomen en een expertmeeting gehouden met 14 professionals. De bevindingen uit het dossieronderzoek, de interviews en de expertmeeting tezamen hebben geleid tot een algemeen rapport over de best practices en knelpunten van piketmediation met enkele aanbevelingen betreffende vormen van piketmediation die goed blijken te werken in de praktijk.

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Picket mediation (in Dutch: piketmediation) is a form of mediation which runs alongside normal court procedures, and is held in a pressure-cooker-like environment. It typically takes place in the courthouse and in principle, the outcome of the mediation is reported back to the judge after the first session. Such mediation is intended to limit any further escalation of a conflict and also to offer parties a service with which they can quickly resolve a situation themselves. Picket mediation is often offered in the provisional provisions procedure.

At the request of The Council for the Judiciary, an empirical study of picket mediation was conducted by the Amsterdam Center for Family & Law (ACFL) of the VU University Amsterdam. Various forms of picket mediation as offered by seven courts were evaluated in this study. While some courts are conducting picket mediation pilots, others already have implemented picket mediation as a regular procedure. For this study a total of 120 files were scored, 39 interviews were conducted and an expert meeting was held with 14 professionals. The combined findings from these events have led to a general report on the best practices and challenges of picket mediation. A number of recommendations regarding forms of picket mediation that appear to work well in practice are additionally included.
A Common Law Perspective on the Supreme Court and its Functions
Authors: Marcus Richard
Published: October 2019

The text presents different attributes of the Supreme Court in common law and civil law systems. The author claims that the question of design and function of a supreme court, while important, is no more significant than the issue of its institutional status and evolution, i.e. something one could refer to as “legal culture”. Neither the “common law camp”, nor the “civil law camp” turns out to be monolithic in this regard. The distinctive history of the US Supreme Court is presented through the perspective of its statutory and procedural supremacy, as well as its power of constitutional adjudication. The author indicates that the supremacy of the US Supreme Court depends on many factors. Arguably, the most important attribute of the US Supreme Court’s supremacy is linked with the latitude offered to judges in common law system to “make law”, which stands in contrast to a limited judicial function in many civil law countries. The author argues that being a court in a common law system carries with it much broader authority. A supreme court in such a system is, as a result, much more supreme. The author concludes his comparative remarks by saying that it is not possible to proclaim the superiority of one specific system because there are too many variables that come into play with regard to respective nations.
A Civil Law Perespective on the Supreme Court and its Functions
Authors: Galič Aleš
Published: October 2019

The text presents the issue of the Supreme Court’s functions from the perspective of civil law countries. The author argues that the division into cassation, revision and appeal is not an adequate point of reference enabling to define those functions. The author asserts that the most important criterion is whether the Supreme Court acts overwhelmingly in public or private interest. The assessment of that criterion should be made on the basis of the methods of selection of cases by the Supreme Court. What is essential is whether the selection is based on public aims or whether it simply aims at solving a given case accurately. It may be argued that as a result of reforms introduced in the last few years, the majorityof civil law countries have focusedon the implementation of the public rather than private functions. The author concludes that the public function of supreme courts is of a completely different significance than in the times of socialism. The public interest is combined with private interest as it refers to the situation of parties – not parties to the specific proceedings, but all parties which are going to engage in litigation in the future.
Access to the Federal Court of Justice in Germany
Authors: Stürner Michael
Published: October 2019

The text explains the role of the Supreme Court in the civil justice system in Germany with reference to a major reform of civil procedure that was enacted in 2001. The reform of access to the Federal Court of Justice aimed at striking a balance between individual justice and public interest. The author discusses the requirements of admissibility of ordinary appeal and appeal on points of law, which may be filed to the Federal Court of Justice. The German legislator has notably renounced the ratione valoris criterion (monetary threshold) and adopted the requirement of the leave to appeal. The power to restrict access to the Supreme Court was conferred on appellate courts. As a consequence, an appeal on points of law may be lodged only if it is admitted by judex a quo. Although the denial of admission is subject to appeal, the text argues that the reasons for admittance ensure that the public interest in uniform adjudication and clarification of law will be duly served.
Indigenous Carceral Motherhood: An Examination of Colonial, Patriarchal, and Neoliberal Control
Authors: Scheuneman Scott Isabel
Published: October 2019

Despite Canada’s international reputation as a world leader in women’s rights, its own policies and practices continue to target and discriminate against Indigenous women, particularly those who are entangled within the criminal (in)justice and child welfare systems (Monchalin 2016). This article synthesizes international research, with a primary focus on Canada, in order to theorize issues surrounding Indigenous women’s experiences of carceral motherhood. By drawing on critical feminist criminological and Indigenous feminist perspectives, I examine issues related to caretaking and incarceration, mothering from prison (visitations), mothering in prison (mother-child programs), and mothering after prison (parole). Despite rejecting the prison as a solution to “the crime problem,” I conclude by offering tentative recommendations on how to ameliorate Indigenous women’s experiences of carceral motherhood.
A Unique Volume Balance Approach for Verifying the Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Numerical Models in Surface Waterbody Simulation
Authors: A.M. Al-Zubaidi Hussein , A. Wells Scott
Published: October 2019

The hydrodynamic numerical modeling is increasingly becoming a widely used tool for simulating the surface waterbodies including rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. A challenging step in any model development is the verification tests, especially at the early stage of development. In this study, a unique approach was developed by implementing the volume balance principle in order to verify the three-dimensional hydrodynamic models for surface waterbody simulation. A developed and verified three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model, called W3, was employed by setting a case study model to be verified using the volume balance technique. The model was qualified by calculating the error in the accumulated water volume within the domain every time step. Results showed that the volume balance reached a constant error over the simulation period, indicating a robust model setup.
Effects of Atypical Neurotoxins on the Developing Fetal Brain
Authors: Tseng Chia-Yi
Published: October 2019

The brain is not only a control center of the body but also a part of the way that the body can communicate with external environments. The spatial and temporal events of brain development are well-defined. These processes are sequentially regulated by intrinsic and external factors, such as gene. Disruption of these steps results in malformation and malfunction of the brain. Neurotoxin may affect our developing nervous system as a kind of endogenous and exogenous factor. For classical neurotoxins, such as heavy metals, snake venom, and bacterial toxins, the underlying toxin-mediated physiological pathways are relatively clear, and their antidotes are usually available. However, for atypical neurotoxins, such as air pollutants, food additives, and manufactural compounds, their effects on the nervous system are ordinarily extended and not easy to detect. In addition, the corresponding mechanism is too complex to define. A single and effective antidote against these atypical neurotoxins is uncommon, so prevention is better than cure with this kind of toxin. This chapter starts with the introduction of endogenous and exogenous neurotoxins, how they affect nervous system and their potential antidotes, followed by the impact of atypical neurotoxins in fetal brain development and their possible preventative or therapeutic methods.
Study of the Wind Speed Forecasting Applying Computational Intelligence
Authors: Junior Zucatelli Pedro , Giovani Sperandio Nascimento Erick , Álisson Bandeira Santos Alex , Mauricio Gutiérrez Arce Alejandro , Martins Moreira Davidson
Published: October 2019

The conventional sources of energy such as oil, natural gas, coal, or nuclear are finite and generate environmental pollution. Alternatively, renewable energy source like wind is clean and abundantly available in nature. Wind power has a huge potential of becoming a major source of renewable energy for this modern world. It is a clean, emission-free power generation technology. Wind energy has been experiencing very rapid growth in Brazil and in Uruguay; therefore, it’s a promising industry in these countries. Thus, this rapid expansion can bring several regional benefits and contribute to sustainable development, especially in places with low economic development. Therefore, the scope of this chapter is to estimate short-term wind speed forecasting applying computational intelligence, by recurrent neural networks (RNN), using anemometers data collected by an anemometric tower at a height of 100.0 m in Brazil (tropical region) and 101.8 m in Uruguay (subtropical region), both Latin American countries. The results of this study are compared with wind speed prediction results from the literature. In one of the cases investigated, this study proved to be more appropriate when analyzing evaluation metrics (error and regression) of the prediction results obtained by the proposed model.
Contribution to the bryophyte flora of Antarctica: the James Ross Island moss inventory and the new records
Authors: Goga Michal , Sabovljević Marko S. , Lang Ingeborg , Bačkor Martin
Published: October 2019

The interest in distribution of bryophytes in Antarctica has increased in view of global climate warming and its effects in Antarctica. The moss flora of Antarctica is relatively rich, since only a small area (up to 1%) of this continent is not covered by ice. An immense space remains completely bryologically under-recorded. In this paper, we present a comprehensive moss list of James Ross Island (37 moss species). Two newly-recorded species are reported in our study: Bryum dichotomum and B. pallescens.
Permafrost-affected former agricultural soils of the Salekhard city (Central part of Yamal region)
Authors: Alekseev Ivan , Abakumov Evgeny
Published: October 2019

Soil cover transformation in Russian Arctic is considered as underinvestigated. In 1920s it was started systematical studying and exploitation of natural resources of Far North of Russia. Due to development of industry and growth in area population necessity in agricultural products was growing intensively and arable soils became typical component of the soil cover in polar cities surroundings. Nowadays, however, almost all the former cultivation fields are abandoned or in poor use. Abandoned agricultural soil in sub urban territories of the Salekhard city were studied with aim to evaluate alteration of soil morphology and chemistry under agricultural impact and clarify the specificity of this process in case of permafrost-affected soils. The predominance of sandy textured parent materials within Salekhard city area was one of the main reason of favorable agricultural using of land in the north of Western Siberia in previous years. Data obtained revealed that studied soils are characterized by properties caused both by former (or existing) anthropogenic influence and natural processes (e.g. cryogenic mass transfer). Soil organic carbon content depends mainly on the character of current land use and varies significantly in studied soils. Most of the soil samples showed the highest levels of soil nutrients in the topsoil. Former arable horizon is stable in time in terms of morphological features and agrochemical state. In spite of high level of soil acidity, content of nutrients in antropogenically affected topsoils is still high after 20 years of abandoned state of soils. This indicates that agrosoils with relatively high fertility of arable topsoils could exist during long time in case of sandy-textured parent materials.
First evidence of high-molecular-weight bacteriocin (tailocin) produced by Antarctic Pseudomonas spp.
Authors: Snopková Kateřina , Sedláček Ivo , Šmajs David
Published: October 2019

Cold-adapted soil ecosystems represent dynamic communities varying in a structure, microbial abundance and metabolic activity. To antagonize competitors, soil bacteria produce a variety of inhibitory agents. We tested production of antimicrobials in Pseudomonas spp. isolated in James Ross Island, Antarctica, and performed transmission electron microscopic analyses of selected high-molecular-weight bacteriocin particles. The dimensions of R-tailocins produced by Pseudomonas sp. P2422 were 168 ± 2.0nm (length) and 16 ± 0.8nm (width) thus representing one of the largest tailocins secreted by Pseudomonas spp. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of tailocin production by bacteria originated from polar regions.
Evaluation of photosynthetic processes in Antarctic mosses and lichens exposed to controlled rate cooling: Species-specific responses
Authors: Folgar-Cameán Yeray , Barták Miloš
Published: October 2019

Antarctic regions involve a great variety of habitats characterized by environmental stressors and life forms of autotrophic organisms with unique survival and functioning mechanisms. Lichens and mosses from these regions, similarly to high altitude alpine locations, have evolved physiological adaptations to perform photosynthesis at subzero temperatures. In this study we applied linear cooling technique in order to analyze interspecific differences in primary photosynthetic processes in Antarctic species affected by low and subzero temperature stress. We exposed Sanionia uncinata, Rhizoplaca aspidophora, Ochrolechia frigida, Cladonia sp., Himantormia lugubris and Umbilicaria decussata to the cooling from 20 to -35°C at a constant rate of 2°C min-1. Fluorometric parameters were measured during the cooling experiments: FV/FM - potential yield of photosynthetic processes in photosystem II, and F0 - minimal chlorophyll fluorescence. All the species showed S-curves for FV/FM in response to decreasing temperature and interspecific differences in the parameters of S-curve equation. Critical temperature for FV/FM was found -35°C for U. decussata, while the other species ranged between -16 to -20°C. The changes of F0 with thallus temperature decrease were species-specific. F0 decrease followed by an increase was found with cooling from 20 to -20°C, and from -20 to -35°C, respectively, in the majority of cases. These results suggest that the experimental moss and lichen species from Antarctica have a high resistance to freezing temperatures. The underlying physiological mechanisms are constitutive features of Antarctic lichens and mosses. They are a crucial part of the adaptation and short-term acclimatory changes in ecophysiological performance of the organisms in harsh polar environments.
Fungal species associated with fruit and vegetables transported to the J.G. Mendel station and the influence of UV-C treatment on their fungal community
Authors: Laichmanová Monika , Sedláček Ivo
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the fungal community associated with fruits and vegetables transported into the Antarctic region and observe qualitative changes of their surface mycobiota after UV-C treatment. This measure is used to prevent the post-harvest diseases of stored fruits and vegetables and reduce the risk of introducing non-native species to the Antarctic environment. In total, 82 strains of filamentous fungi were isolated from the surfaces of 64 pieces of fresh fruits and vegetables before and after their UV-C treatment. They were assigned to the genera Penicillium, Fusarium, Mucor, Cladosporium, and Acremonium. After the UV-C treatment of the examined fruits and vegetables, spores of the genera Fusarium, Cladosporium and Acremonium were not detected, while spores of the genera Penicillium and Mucor were more resistant and stayed viable after the treatment. Penicillium strains prevailed in the examined samples. Their introduction to the Antarctic environment could represent a potential risk for endemic autochthonous organisms.
Changes in haematological parameters during a summer expedition in Antarctica
Authors: Žákovská Alena , Zezulová Olivie
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of extreme climatic conditions and a long stay in isolation on levels of three haematological parameters in the polar expedition participants. This article describes changes in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin and transferrin levels measured on the 9th Czech Antarctic Scientific Expedition during the period of the Antarctic summer. A total of 15 sera samples were collected shortly before the expedition, the second sampling was performed halfway through the stay and the third at the very end of the expedition stationed at the Czech Research Station of J. G. Mendel. The erythrocyte count and the levels of transferrin were significantly increased in between all three sample collections (with p-value < 0.01). A statistically significant increase in hemoglobin levels was only detected between the first and the final sampling (p
Primary Leiomyosarcoma of Bone: Review and Update
Authors: Wang Grace Y. , Lucas David R.
Published: October 2019

Context.—

Leiomyosarcoma of bone is a rare primary osseous sarcoma characterized by smooth muscle differentiation and absence of malignant osteoid formation. Leiomyosarcoma of bone is diagnostically challenging; this can be improved with greater awareness of this entity and the ability to differentiate it from its histologic mimics. Because of its rarity, only a small number of studies are available in the literature. These factors contribute to our limited understanding of its pathology, prognosis, and treatment.

Objective.—

To review the clinicopathologic features of leiomyosarcoma of bone and present the most up-to-date understanding of its behavior and management in accordance with the current literature.

Data Sources.—

Review of pertinent literature on the major features, current knowledge thereof, and the authors' experience in the diagnosis and management of leiomyosarcoma of bone.

Conclusions.—

Leiomyosarcoma of bone is a rare but well-recognized primary osseous sarcoma that may arise de novo or in association with radiation. Although it is diagnostically challenging, awareness of this rare sarcoma and knowledge of its key histomorphologic and immunohistochemical features allow for accurate diagnosis.
¿Persisten las actitudes sexistas en los estudiantes universitarios? Un análisis de su prevalencia, predictores y diferencias de género
Authors: León Carmen María , Aizpurúa Eva
Published: October 2019

Las actitudes sexistas constituyen el eje fundamental sobre el que se construyen y mantienen relaciones de desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres. En la actualidad, y a pesar de que en los países occidentales el sexismo se manifiesta de formas más sutiles, está constatado que parte de la ciudadanía continúa teniendo creencias sexistas. El presente trabajo responde al propósito de analizar, desde una perspectiva de género, el efecto de una serie de características personales en la predicción de creencias sexistas en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios en España (N = 2.112; 63,6% mujeres y 36,4% hombres).  Para evaluar el grado de sexismo se empleó la versión reducida de la Escala de Sexismo Ambivalente (ASI, Expósito, Moya, & Glick, 1998), cuyas puntuaciones más altas representan mayores niveles de sexismo (α = ,88). Como variables explicativas se incluyeron la edad, la ideología política, la nacionalidad, la adscripción religiosa, la orientación sexual, las experiencias de victimización y el consumo mediático. Los resultados mostraron que los hombres puntuaron significativamente más alto que las mujeres en la escala de sexismo ambivalente. Además, se encontraron puntuaciones más elevadas para los hombres tanto en las subescalas de sexismo hostil como benevolente. Por otro lado, los resultados mostraron que la ideología más conservadora y ser creyente predicen actitudes más sexistas tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Sin embargo, se encontró que el efecto de la edad, la ideología política y la orientación sexual dependen del sexo de los participantes. Los resultados obtenidos pretenden contribuir al desarrollo de programas educativos dirigidos a jóvenes, facilitando la identificación de grupos especialmente vulnerables y áreas que requieren mayor atención.
¿Quiénes deben ser los agentes evaluadores del TFG?
Authors: Reyes García Carmen Isabel , Megolla Alicia Díaz
Published: October 2019

Uno de los principios fundamentales del enfoque de evaluación alternativo demandado desde el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) es desarrollar una evaluación participativa. Evaluar el aprendizaje desde este enfoque, de manera integral y formativa, implica recoger la información desde las diferentes perspectivas de los agentes que intervienen en la evaluación. Los agentes evaluadores es un tema que, cobra una especial importancia en la asignatura del Trabajo Fin de Grado (TFG) dadas las características particulares de esta asignatura. Por ello, nuestro trabajo se centra en ofrecer una propuesta de evaluación participativa y analizar los agentes evaluadores que establece la normativa de las universidades públicas españolas para comprobar, si ésta potencia una evaluación participativa y democrática cómo se reclama desde el EEES.  Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo mediante el análisis de documentos y se emplearon como unidades de análisis las normativas que regulan la evaluación del TFG en las universidades públicas españolas. Los resultados de este estudio indican que el marco normativo de la evaluación del TFG no fomenta una evaluación participativa, ya que, en la mayor parte de las universidades la responsabilidad recae en el tribunal. Mientras que el alumnado como agente evaluador es ignorado y la figura del tutor desempeña únicamente una función formativa, siendo solo unas pocas  normativas universitarias las que señalan la función sumativa del tutor en la evaluación. Por este motivo, las universidades españolas tienen un reto de cara al futuro: modificar la normativa del TFG y orientarla hacia la promoción de una evaluación participativa.
Los planes de igualdad en las universidades españolas. Situación actual y retos de futuro
Authors: Pastor Gosálbez Inma , Acosta Sarmiento Ana , Torres Coronas Teresa , Calvo Merino Marta
Published: October 2019

A pesar de las diversas normativas y acciones puestas en marcha para alcanzar la igualdad entre hombres y mujeres en la ciencia y la academia, la desigualdad de género sigue teniendo un papel protagonista en la realidad actual que define las universidades públicas españolas. La aprobación de la LO 3/2007 y las consiguientes normativas derivadas de la misma, tuvieron una importancia crucial en la institucionalización de las políticas de igualdad en las universidades españolas estableciendo, como mandato de obligado cumplimiento, la creación de unidades de igualad y el desarrollo de planes de igualad como herramienta principal para articular acciones de igualdad en las universidades españolas. Tras diez años de la aparición de dicha ley, se torna fundamental evaluar la efectividad de las iniciativas impulsadas. En el presente artículo analizamos el funcionamiento de las políticas de igualdad de las universidades públicas españolas poniendo especial atención en las características de los planes de igualdad. Se diseñó una estrategia metodológica que permitió realizar un análisis global de la situación de las políticas de igualdad en las universidades españolas, combinando el uso de técnicas cuantitativas con el análisis del contenido de los planes, entrevistas exploratorias a especialistas en igualdad en el campo científico y académico así como entrevistas semiestructuradas a las responsables de las estructuras de igualdad de las universidades españolas. Los resultados apuntan que, tras una década de desarrollo de políticas de igualdad, la actual legislación, en la medida en que marca las medidas necesarias pero sin garantizar que se pongan en práctica, sigue presentando muchas insuficiencias, sobre todo en relación a la gran rigidez de las estructuras universitarias, que siguen mostrando fuertes resistencias a un cambio estructural e institucional acorde con la igualdad.
Un análisis didáctico de la práctica docente en la enseñanza de la lectura del reloj analógico
Authors: Pizarro Noemí , Belmonte Juan Miguel , Arteaga-Martínez Blanca
Published: October 2019

La construcción del conocimiento especializado para enseñar el tiempo como magnitud es una actividad compleja que no ha sido estudiada en profundidad desde la práctica de manera previa. Este trabajo se plantea desde el análisis de la práctica de docentes en aula, relativa a las ideas de medición del tiempo.Desde una metodología cualitativa se consideran tres momentos de la intervención del docente: para la práctica, en la práctica y sobre la práctica, entendidos como un ciclo reflexivo de investigación-acción. Para ello se han grabado sesiones de planificación e intervención en el aula de dos docentes de primaria, que se presentan y analizan desde las distintas categorías de uno de los modelos de conocimiento del docente de matemáticas, el Mathematics Teachers´ Specialised Knowledge (MTSK).Los resultados muestran que en la planificación las docentes conocen la complejidad de tratar la lectura y registro del tiempo, siendo necesario enseñar a utilizar el reloj. Los hallazgos señalan la necesidad de apropiar a los estudiantes de los referentes de las unidades de tiempo y hacer énfasis en el funcionamiento del instrumento de medida, cuestionando la utilidad del reloj analógico.
So What? Justifying Conclusions and Interpretations of Data
Authors: Cai Jinfa , Morris Anne , Hohensee Charles , Hwang Stephen , Robison Victoria , Cirillo Michelle , Kramer Steven L. , Hiebert James
Published: October 2019

Although often asked tactfully, a frequent question posed to authors by JRME reviewers is “So what?” Through this simple and well-known question, reviewers are asking: What difference do your findings make? How do your results advance the field? “So what?” is the most basic of questions, often perceived by novice researchers as the most difficult question to answer. Indeed, addressing the “so what” question continues to challenge even experienced researchers. All researchers wrestle with articulating a convincing argument about the importance of their own work. When we try to shape this argument, it can be easy to fall into the trap of making claims about the implications of our findings that reach beyond the data.
Mathematics Majors' Diagram Usage When Writing Proofs in Calculus
Authors: Mejiía-Ramos Juan Pablo , Weber Keith
Published: October 2019

We report on a study in which we observed 73 mathematics majors completing 7 proof construction tasks in calculus. We use these data to explore the frequency and effectiveness with which mathematics majors use diagrams when constructing proofs. The key findings from this study are (a) nearly all participants introduced diagrams on multiple tasks, (b) few participants displayed either a strong propensity or a strong reluctance to use diagrams, and (c) little correlation existed between participants' propensity to use diagrams and their mathematical achievement (either on the proof construction tasks or in their advanced mathematics courses). At the end of the report, we discuss implications for pedagogy and future research.
Who Gets in? Examining Inequality in Eighth-Grade Algebra
Authors: Morton Karisma , Riegle-Crumb Catherine
Published: October 2019

Using data from a large urban district, this study investigated whether racial inequality in access to eighth-grade algebra is a reproduction of differences in prior opportunities to learn (as evidenced by grades, test scores, and level of prior mathematics course) or whether patterns reflect an increase in inequality such that racial differences in access remain when controlling for academic background. We considered how this varies by the racial composition of the school; further, we examined differences in access between both Black and Hispanic students and their White peers as well as differences between Black and Hispanic students. The results point to patterns of reproduction of inequality in racially integrated schools, with some evidence of increasing inequality in predominantly Hispanic schools
Notas sobre la buena letra, novela corta precursora de la narrativa de la especulación inmobiliaria, del negocio de las recalificaciones fraudulentas y del estallido de la austeridad y de la crisis crediticia
Authors: López de Abiada José Manuel
Published: October 2019

El presente trabajo versa sobre La buena letra (1992), primera entrega de Rafael Chirbes del conocido díptico que concluye con Los disparos del cazador. en esta ocasión centro mi análisis en la primera obra, porque con ella se adelanta el autor en más de una década a los títulos mayores del corpus de las llamadas narraciones de la crisis financiera y social. Un conjunto de textos en el que a día de hoy las máximas aportaciones (polifónicas y desoladoras) son Crematorio (2007) y En la orilla (2013). En la primera obra del díptico, Ana, protagonista ya anciana, enhebra y zurce un largo relato dirigido a su hijo con jirones de su propia vida, desde la preguerra a comienzos de los años 90. Lo hace urgida por el deseo del hijo de vender la casa familiar para construir sobre el solar pisos al socaire del boom inmobiliario en tiempos de dinero rápido.

Il presente lavoro verte su La buena letra (1992), prima parte della dilogia di Rafael Chirbes che si conclude con Los disparos del cazador e che anticipa di ben oltre un decennio alcuni dei grandi titoli del corpus della cosiddetta narrativa della crisi finanziaria e sociale. Un insieme di testi i cui a tutt’oggi maggiori contributi (polifonici e desolanti) restano Crematorio (2007) e En la orilla (2013). Nel romanzo che qui si analizza, l’ormai anziana protagonista Ana intesse, con frammenti della sua vita dall’anteguerra agli inizi degli anni novanta, un lungo racconto destinato al figlio intenzionato -sull’onda del boom immobiliare in tempi di denaro facile- a vendere la proprietà familiare per costruire al suo posto degli appartamenti.
Novela y relato real en Javier Cercas
Authors: Ogno Lia
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo pretende indagar la diferencia entre los conceptos de «relato real» y de «novela» en la narrativa de Javier Cercas. Tal distinción se convierte en sumamente relevante a la hora de abordar el esclarecimiento de la novela no-ficcional.

Il presente articolo mira ad indagare la differenza esistente tra i concetti di «racconto reale» e di «romanzo» all’interno dell’opera narrativa di Javier Cercas. Tale distinzione si rivela sommamente efficace al momento di abbordare l’idea di romanzo non-finzionale.
Reformarse es vivir. Los motivos de Proteo de José Enrique Rodó y La tradición clásica de Los eJercicios Filosófico-Literarios
Authors: Castany Prado Bernat
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la influencia de la tradición clásica de los ejercicios filosófico-literarios en Motivos de Proteo (1909), de José enrique Rodó. Centrándome en las coincidencias existentes entre el ensayo de Rodó y las obras de autores como marco Aurelio, erasmo o montaigne, analizaré algunos de los aspectos principales de dicha tradición, como son las ideas de «conversión», «salvación», «disciplina», «regla de vida» o «ejercitación» filosóficas.

The objective of this article is to study the influence of the classical tradition of the philosophicalliterary exercises on Motivos de Proteo (1909), by José enrique Rodó. Focusing in the coincidences between Rodo’s essay and the works of authors such as marcus Aurelius, erasmus or montaigne, I will analyze some of the main aspects of this tradition, such as the ideas of «conversion», «salvation», «discipline», «rule life» or «exercise» in a philosophical sense.
La pretenciosa educación en el Colegio Militar Leoncio Prado de La ciudad y los perros (1963).
Authors: Delgado Del Águila Jesús Miguel
Published: October 2019

en la novela La ciudad y los perros (1963), del escritor peruano mario Vargas Llosa, se muestra el desbalance que se genera en los cadetes del Colegio militar Leoncio Prado que se dedican a estudiar enfáticamente (como ocurre con el caso del esclavo): conduce a la envidia de quienes dominan poco alguna materia, además de que los maestros no apoyan su educación. un acontecimiento similar es cuando se origina lo opuesto: no se proyecta un buen porvenir en quien no estudia (caso del Jaguar). sin embargo, pasa algo particular con este protagonista: no necesitó ir a una cárcel luego de haber asesinado al esclavo para reflexionar sobre su vida, bastó con que se le brindara la oportunidad de aprovechar su existencia en hacer buenas obras para su reivindicación. esa posibilidad lo configura como un personaje más civilizado y ético.

In the novel The Time of the Hero (1963), Peruvian writer mario Vargas Llosa, shows the imbalance that is generated in the cadets of the Leoncio Prado military academy that are dedicated to study emphatically (as in the case of the slave): it leads to the envy of those who dominate a few subjects, in addition to the fact that the teachers do not support their education. a similar event is when the opposite happens: no hope is seen in those who do not study (case of the Jaguar). However, something special happens with this protagonist: he did not need to go to a prison after having killed the Slave to reflect on his life, it was enough to be given the opportunity to take advantage of his existence in doing good works for his vindication. That possibility it configures him as a more civilized and ethical character.
Who’s Afraid of the Audience? Digital and Post-Digital Perspectives on Aesthetics
Authors: Philipsen Lotte
Published: October 2019

This article analyses how works of art that make use of or refer to digital technology can be approached, analysed, and understood aesthetically from two different perspectives. One perspective, which I shall term a ‘digital’ perspective, mainly focuses on poetics (or production) and technology when approach- ing the works, whereas the other, which I shall term a ‘post-digital’ perspective, focuses on aesthetic experience (or reception) when approaching the works. What I tentatively and for the purpose of practical analysis term the ‘digital’ and the ‘post-digital’ perspectives do not designate two different sets of concrete works of art or artistic practice and neither do they describe different periods.[1] Instead, the two perspectives co-exit as different discursive positions that are concretely ex- pressed in the way we talk about aesthetics in relation to art that makes use of and/or refers to digital technology. In short: When I choose here to talk about a digital and a post-digital perspective, I talk about two fundamentally different ways of ascribing aes- thetic meaning to (the same) concrete works of art. By drawing on the ideas of especially Immanuel Kant and Dominic McIver Lopes, it is the overall purposes of this article to ana- lyse and compare how the two perspectives understand the concept of aesthetics and to discuss some of the implications following from these understandings. As it turns out, one of the most significant implications is the role of the audience.
Post-Digital Approach
Authors: Soon Winnie
Published: October 2019

This essay discusses ‘post-digital liveness’ via the artwork The likes of Brother Cream Cat, made in 2013 in collaboration with Helen Pritchard. The work is about a popular figure and celebrity cat, Brother Cream, who lives in a convenience store everyday with the shop owner in Tsim Shai Tsui, Hong Kong. He became popular in Hong Kong in 2011 after he disappeared and was later found through the help of his Facebook fans who alerted local residents to his disappearance. Brother Cream Cat’s attraction permeates in both the physical and digital live network. He has over 1000 first time and recurring fan visits per day at his store and has accumulated with more than 150,000 “likes” on his Facebook fan page 尖東忌廉哥. The number of “likes” becomes an instrument, as well as a starting point, to sustain his well being by attracting more visitors (both online and offline), to sell merchandised products, cat food and sponsorship opportunities for this animal celebrity, Brother Cream.
Gaming Systems
Authors: Stoyanova Minka
Published: October 2019

The ubiquitous adoption of mobile computing devices has implicated all of us in a techno-social system of interaction dominated by the codified and computational logic of the game. This paper will examines the modes by which these computational structures, in the guise of games, have come to dominate our understanding of, and interaction with, the non-game world. It will then identify how the application of this logic creates cognitive and phenomenological ruptures, which can be leveraged by creative individuals to reveal logical fallacies within the applied structures. Throughout, it will identify and analyze creative practices that exemplify responses to these logical fallacies in order to identify ways in which a new class of creative individuals is emerging to tackle the dangerous slippage between gamespace (the space of play, games) and gameic (gamic) space (ordinary/real life to which ludic properties have been applied).
Superabundant design
Authors: González Pablo R. Velasco
Published: October 2019

Tiziana Terranova draws attention to the necessity of questioning how algorithmically enabled automation works “in terms of control and monetization” and “what kind of time and energy” is being subsumed by it (Terranova 387). Cryptocurrencies are payment technologies that automate the production of money-like tokens (Bergstra and Weijland) following algorithmic rules to maintain a fixed production rate. Different kinds of energy and residues, which are not always acknowledged, are involved in this process. Here I distinguish between two closely linked layers in the Bitcoin token production: first, an algorithmic layer, which contains the instructions and rules for the creation of bitcoins; second, a hardware layer, which performs and embodies the former. While these layers work together, I will argue that they enact their own kind of logics of energy and waste. I will begin at the more visible end of the production cycle, the hardware layer, where the definition of waste and energy consumption is shared with many electronic devices; then I will trace back its algorithmic layer, which as I argue, follows a different logic.
Entanglement
Authors: Ganesh Maya Indira
Published: October 2019

This paper is based on driver-less car technology as currently being developed by Google and Tesla, two companies that amplify their work in the media. More specifically, I focus on the moment of real and imagined crashes involving driver-less cars, and argue that the narrative of ‘ethics of driver-less cars’ indicates a shift in the construction of ethics, as an outcome of machine learning rather than a framework of values. Through applications of the ‘Trolley Problem’, among other tests, ethics has been transformed into a valuation based on processing of big data. Thus ethics-as-software enables what I refer to as big data-driven accountability. In this formulation, ‘accountability’ is distinguished from ‘responsibility’; responsibility implies intentionality and can only be assigned to humans, whereas accountability includes a wide net of actors and interactions (in Simon). ‘Transparency’ is one of the more established, widely acknowledged mechanisms for accountability; based on the belief that seeing into a system delivers the truth of that system and thereby a means to govern it. There are however limitations to this mechanism in the context of algorithmic transparency (Ananny and Crawford).
Inflatables and Activism
Authors: Scheidt Konstanze
Published: October 2019

This article speculates on the “Welcome to Hell” demonstration of the G20 summit that took place on the 7th and 8th July 2017 in Hamburg. The demonstration ended just under an hour later with a much-criticized police action captured by media coverage. Although the police action was almost unanimously rejected, pictures of hooded people and burning cars that started circulating in the web. But the protest had begun peacefully and a very different picture could have shaped the perception of the ‘black block’: a giant inflatable black cube that was being carried by the protesters above their heads. The cube was not the only inflatable that was used during the protests. Why do the protesters use Inflatables instead of e.g. banners?