bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do visual and audio experiences affect overall satisfaction and restorative potential of the soundscape for different visiting duration in urban blue space?
Authors: Qi Ying , Fang Xingyue , Gao Tian , Qiu Ling
Published: September 2021

People could have a relatively great visiting experience in blue space no matter from visual or audio perspectives. However, blue space gained less attention in previous soundscape researches. More and more studies have proved the effect of visual and audio experience on visiting satisfaction
or even the restorative potential of the soundscape. This study conducted an on-site survey in different blue spaces in Xi'an, China to explore how the visual, audio, and overall visiting satisfaction and the restorative potential of soundscape interacted in blue space. Furthermore, the relationships
among them were also explored in different visiting duration. The results suggested that (1) Visual satisfaction didn't change over time while the soundscape satisfaction, overall satisfaction, and soundscape restoration peaked when people had stayed for 1 to 3 hours. (2) For four dimensions
of soundscape restoration, Fascination peaked in 30 minutes to 1 hour, and Capability peaked in 30min-3h while Being-away and Extent remained constant. (3) As for overall satisfaction and soundscape restoration, the vision mainly contributed to them in the first 1 hour, while the hearing mainly
contributed during 1 to 3 hours of experience. (4) As for POS (perceived occurrences) of sound sources, people could hear more natural sounds and human sounds in 30min-3h than in the first 30min. This study emphasized the importance of soundscape function in the planning and designing of urban
blue space.
Visual and audio perception study on drone aircraft and similar sounds in an Urban Air Mobility setting
Authors: Aalmoes Roalt , Sieben Naomi
Published: September 2021

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is a novel aerospace concept involving drones and Personal Air Vehicles (PAVs) operating in a densely populated urban environment. Most of such vehicles will be electric-powered and rotor-based, creating a distinct sound in the proposed setting of a city. Public
acceptability, partially due to noise impact, is a valid concern for the introduction of UAM. To evaluate human perception and noise annoyance of these vehicles, a study is set up that comprises audio-only and combined audio-visual stimuli of hovering and fly-over events using a Virtual Reality
experiment. For both types of stimuli, two ambient environments, recorded with synchronized spherical video and ambisonics audio, are provided as background: a louder urban street environment, and a quieter urban street environment. In addition to the drone sounds, more familiar sounds are
also evaluated, namely a helicopter and a lawnmower sound, with and without a visualisation. Test subjects are asked about their noise sensitivity according to a shortened Weinstein scale, and their attitude towards drones using a separate questionnaire at the end of the experiment. [Note
from authors: The laboratory study is ongoing and the first results are being analysed. The final results are expected well before the paper deadline. This abstract will be complemented with the main results and conclusions.]
Low-frequency noise control using layered granular aerogel and limp porous media
Authors: Xue Yutong , Dasyam Amrutha , Bolton J. Stuart , Sharma Bhisham
Published: September 2021

The acoustic absorption of granular aerogel layers with a granule sizes in the range of 2 to 40 μm is dominated by narrow-banded, high absorption regions in the low-frequency range and by reduced absorption values at higher frequencies. In this paper, we investigate the possibility
of developing new, low-frequency noise reduction materials by layering granular aerogels with traditional porous sound absorbing materials such as glass fibers. The acoustic behavior of the layered configurations is predicted using the arbitrary coefficient method, wherein the granular aerogel
layers are modeled as an equivalent poro-elastic material while the fibrous media and membrane are modeled as limp media. The analytical predictions are verified using experimental measurements conducted using the normal incidence, two-microphone impedance tube method. Our results show that
layered configurations including granular aerogels, fibrous materials, and limp membranes provide enhanced sound absorption properties that can be tuned for specific noise control applications over a broad frequency range.
Noise reduction of Parallel barrier integrated with compact flexible panel device
Authors: Choy Yat Sze , Zhibo Wang , Waiping Yang
Published: September 2021

Erection of parallel barriers to control environmental noise such as traffic noise and construction noise is commonly seen in community. Owing to the formation of multiple reflection waves between the parallel barriers, their performance may be worse than a single barrier. To improve
the performance of parallel barriers, a small piece of flush-mounted panels backed by a slender cavity in an otherwise rigid wall of barriers is proposed. With the excitation of the incident wave from a sound source inside parallel barriers, the flexible panel vibrates and sound is radiated
out to undergo acoustics interference with sound field between the parallel barriers so that the sound intensity in this space and diffraction wave at the barrier top edge is reduced over a broadband in the low-frequency regime. The use of the panel provides flexibility in controlling range
of stopband with high insertion loss by varying mass and bending stiffness. A semi-analytical model for dealing with vibroacoustic coupling between the open cavity and vibrating panel in a two-dimensional configuration is established in order to understand the sound suppression mechanism within
the shadow zone. With the optimal structural properties of the panel, the extra averaged insertion loss of about 5dB in the frequencies ranging from 50 to 1000 Hz is reached for the parallel barrier.
Thickness-resonance waves in underlays of floating screed
Authors: Crispin Charlotte , Wuyts Debby , Arne Dijckmans
Published: September 2021

The prediction of the reduction of impact sound pressure level ΔL according to annex C of the standard ISO 12354-2 gives an acceptable estimation of the floating floor's performance for thin resilient layers. However, the performance is often largely overestimated for thick resilient
layers or for resilient layers combined with thermal layers. One reason for this is that the simplified model doesn't account for the thickness resonances in the underlays which can greatly affect ΔL. This is confirmed by comparing finite element and transfer matrix method simulations
with experimental results. This paper establishes the mechanisms leading to the development of these resonance waves and provides some guidelines to estimate their negative effects on the ΔL.
Physical and perceptual dimensions of open urban spaces in Biskra, Algeria
Authors: Maffei Luigi , Boucherit Samiha , Berkouk Djihed , Masullo Massimiliano
Published: September 2021

The sound dimension is a constitutive element of the architectural, urban, and environmental projects of open spaces. In combination with other physical stimuli, such as vision, thermoigrometric conditions, odors, the sound can contribute to fulfill the expectation and it can improve the well being of the citizens who are the users of these spaces. Many researches attempted to find out correlation between quantitative multisensorial physical features of open spaces and subjective qualitative evaluation by users. In many cases these attempts were successful, however few researches considered specifically special categories such as older citizens or visually impaired citizens. In order to receive information to make the sensory urban architecture approach more inclusive as possible, in this preliminary study several relevant urban sites such as gardens, main streets and open markets in the city of the Biskra in Algeria have been characterized in terms of physical properties and in these sites, through specific surveys, the response of users was collected. Among the users, different categories of citizens with specific needs were contemplated for the subjective assessment.
Association between noise annoyance and mental health outcomes - an evidence review
Authors: Gong Xiangpu , Fenech Benjamin , Blackmore Claire , Gulliver John , Hansell Anna
Published: September 2021

To date, most reviews on noise and mental health have focused on noise exposure. However, a number of studies found associations between mental health and noise annoyance, but not with exposure. A literature search was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science databases. We also hand-searched
conference proceedings and references in other systematic reviews on noise exposure and annoyance/mental health. We identified 25 articles through the databases searches that satisfied the inclusion criteria; existing literature reviews provided two additional publications. The majority of
identified studies used either a 5-point (n=15) or 11-point scale (n=5) to measure noise annoyance. The sources of noise annoyance mainly come from traffic (n=18 or 67%), and neighbourhood (n=4 or 15%). For mental health outcomes, 20 (74%), 2 (7%) and 2 (7%) articles used validated questionnaires,
self-reported use of anxiolytics/antidepressants, or self-reported diagnosis of mental disease, respectively, to assess mental health. Six articles differentiated between depression and anxiety disorder while 19 focused on general mental health. Results from these studies overall point to
an adverse association of noise annoyance (high noise annoyance in particular) with depression, anxiety or general mental problem, either measured by self-reported diagnosis, self-reported medicine use or questionnaires.
Influence of the bolt size on the source of damping in automotive joints
Authors: Sanjeev Shaan , O'Boy Dan J. , Cunningham Paul , Fisher Steve
Published: September 2021

Experimental tests are carried out on automotive bolted joints to study the influence of the bolt size on the source of damping during dynamic loading. Aluminium beams and five different bolt sizes are chosen and used to assemble single-lap joints under strictly controlled experiments.
Measurements are taken to estimate the energy loss during forced excitation and to identify the source of damping in jointed structures, and an analogous monolithic solid beam is also used during the experimental investigation to isolate the joint effects and compare the data gathered. The
dynamic response of the jointed structure exposed to forced excitation is captured under free-free boundary conditions. The motion of the assembled structure is identified by carrying out a finite element analysis.
Sound absorption of a finite flexible micro-perforated panel absorber back by a rigid air cavity filled with a fibrous porous material
Authors: Kim Ho Yong , Kang Yeon June
Published: September 2021

Back by a rigid cavity filled with a layer of porous layer, the sound absorption performance of a micro-perforated panel (MPP) can be enhanced in comparison with other resonance based sound absorbers. In this paper, a theoretical model of a finite flexible MPP back by a rigid air cavity
filled with a fibrous porous material is developed to predict normal sound absorption coefficients. Displacements of MPP and sound pressure field in fibrous porous material and acoustic cavity are expressed using a series of modal functions, and the sound absorption coefficients of MPP system
are obtained. Additionally, comparison of energy dissipation by MPP and fibrous material is performed to identify effects of a fibrous material on the sound absorption of a MPP. As expected, at anti-resonance frequency of an MPP, the fibrous material provide an alternative energy dissipation
mechanism.
Simulation of multi-rotor powered urban aerial mobility noise for environmental assessment
Authors: Tan Qichen , Bian Haoyu , Zhong Siyang , Zhang Xin
Published: September 2021

The operation of the rapidly growing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and the promising urban aerial mobility (UAM) could have a significant noise impact on the environment. In this work, we developed a cloud-based noise simulator to efficiently assess the environmental impact of UAM
and UAV. The noise sources and long-distance propagation are computed by the propeller noise prediction models and an advanced Gaussian beam tracing method, respectively, in local high-performance computers. Users can define the working conditions and vehicle layer through a platform with
a user-friendly graphical interface. In addition, the noise level distribution at the observers of interest such as the buildings can be visualized. By employing advanced interpolation methods or autonomous learning algorithms, the computations are efficiently accelerated such that the noise
distributions are simultaneously displayed during flights of the vehicles. To better measure the noise impact on human perception, various noise metrics will be output for further analysis. By conducting the virtual flights using the simulator, the noise impact in each flight state and atmospheric
condition of different vehicles can be predicted, which will then facilitate the low-noise flights for both UAV and UAM.
Noise Control and its relationship with the UN Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: King Eoin
Published: September 2021

This paper considers noise and its control in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainable development involves the simultaneous pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental quality, and social equity, and the UN SDGs describe the major development
challenges in these pursuits. The SDG Framework comprises 17 broad goals, that cover a wide range of issues including poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, clean energy, sustainable cities and communities, climate, responsible consumption, and production, amongst
others. Although noise and its management are not clearly identified in any of the 17 goals, this paper posits that noise is an issue cross-cutting through almost all of the goals. Through the lens of the SDGs, this paper summarizes how a failure to adequately address noise presents a significant
challenge to the realization of sustainable development. This paper considers noise and its control, in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainable development involves the simultaneous pursuit of economic prosperity, environmental quality and social
equity, and the UN SDGs describe the major development challenges in these pursuits. The SDG Framework comprises of 17 broad goals, that cover a wide range of issues including poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, clean energy, sustainable cities and communities,
climate, responsible consumption and production, amongst others. Although noise and its management are not clearly identified in any of the 17 goals, this paper posits that noise is an issue cross-cutting through almost all of the goals. Through the lens of the SDGs, this paper summarizes
how a failure to address noise presents a significant challenge to the realization of these goals.
Underwater Acoustic Target Recognition Based on Generative Adversarial Network Data Augmentation
Authors: Zhang Minghong , Luo Xinwei
Published: September 2021

Underwater acoustic target recognition is an important aspect of underwater acoustic research. In recent years, machine learning has been developed continuously, which is widely and effectively applied in underwater acoustic target recognition. In order to acquire good recognition results
and reduce the problem of overfitting, Adequate data sets are essential. However, underwater acoustic samples are relatively rare, which has a certain impact on recognition accuracy. In this paper, in addition of the traditional audio data augmentation method, a new method of data augmentation
using generative adversarial network is proposed, which uses generator and discriminator to learn the characteristics of underwater acoustic samples, so as to generate reliable underwater acoustic signals to expand the training data set. The expanded data set is input into the deep neural
network, and the transfer learning method is applied to further reduce the impact caused by small samples by fixing part of the pre-trained parameters. The experimental results show that the recognition result of this method is better than the general underwater acoustic recognition method,
and the effectiveness of this method is verified.
Vibration source properties of cargo trains: free field vibration and trackside measurement analysis
Authors: Vlijm Eliam
Published: September 2021

Annoyance caused by railway operations has gained increasing attention in the Netherlands. This has led to a multimillion research project into different aspects of train passages as a source of vibration. The project is initiated by the Dutch railway operator ProRail. In advance of
this project a study has been performed on vibration signals at free field caused by cargo train passages at four different sites. The signals have been compared to trackside measurements. The trackside measurements consist of fibre optic measurements of the rail deflection at pre-installed
locations different from the free field vibration measurement sites. Different vibration level indicators have been studied like train speed, axle loads and wheel roughness indicators and their correlation with vibration levels. Vibration levels are defined in several ways, a frequency weighted
running mean square value (so-called Veffmax), a 2-second RMS level (unweighted) and levels per frequency band. Special attention is given to the variation in time of the measured vibration signals during the train passage to see whether 'bad quality' wheel passages can be identified. The
results give valuable input for a future case study in which wheel quality and its influence on vibration levels will be studied further.
Simplified fast transversal filter algorithms for multichannel active noise control
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Kean , Xu Jian , Qi Wang
Published: September 2021

In recent years, more attention has been paid to the performance of algorithm in active noise control (ANC). Compared with filtered-x LMS (FxLMS) algorithm based on stochastic gradient descent, filtered-x RLS (FXRLS) algorithm has faster convergence speed and better tracking performance
at the cost of high computational complexity. In order to reduce the computation, fast transversal filter (FTF) algorithm can be used in ANC system. In this paper, simplified multi-channel FXFTF algorithms are presented, and the convergence speed and noise reduction performance of different
multichannel algorithms are simulated and compared, and the numerical stability of the algorithms are analyzed.
High-frequency acoustic impedance tube based on MEMS microphones
Authors: Schlieper Roman , Li Song , Peissig Jürgen , Preihs Stephan
Published: September 2021

Acoustic impedance tubes are commonly used to measure a test specimen's acoustic characteristics, such as reflection factor, absorption coefficient, or acoustic impedance, in combination with one or two condenser measurement microphones according to associated standards. In the development
process of an impedance tube, the microphone diaphragm's size has an important role in the measurement quality. On the one hand, the microphone diameter has to be large enough to ensure the possibility of measuring at low sound pressure levels (SPLs), but on the other hand, the size of the
microphone diaphragm should be small in order not to influence the sound propagation through the impedance tube due to the microphone coupling. Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) microphones are recently widely applied in various acoustic applications due to their small size and high
sensitivity. This paper proposes the development of an acoustic impedance tube equipped with 16 MEMS microphones and an inner diameter of 8 mm with an operating frequency range between 60 Hz and 16 kHz. The bottom port MEMS microphones are connected via a 1 mm hole to the tube. The system
evaluation is based on standard test specimens like empty probe adapters, rigid termination, and porous absorbers.
Advanced procedure noise model validation using Seattle International Airport noise monitor networks
Authors: Mahseredjian Ara , Thomas Jacqueline , Hansman R. John
Published: September 2021

Advanced operational flight procedures that utilize modifications to thrust, airspeed, altitude, and configuration can be implemented to mitigate noise impacts for communities surrounding airports. Evaluating and designing such procedures requires accurate modeling of the aircraft performance,
source noise, and atmospheric propagation of the source noise to the ground. Modeling frameworks to assess advanced procedures have been developed but must be validated to ensure their results are reasonable. This paper presents validation of such noise models using a network of ground noise
monitoring data at Seattle-Tacoma International airport and ADS-B operational radar flight profiles from the OpenSky database. Modeled noise from operational flights of several aircraft types are shown to be consistent with noise monitor data when reasonable flap settings and atmospheric corrections
for the actual weather at the time of flight are used. Discrepancies that exist between the modeled and measured noise results are identified to determine where current noise modeling methods must be improved to accurately represent all relevant noise sources.
Investigation of frequency dependent mechanical properties of porous materials using dynamic mechanical analyzer and frequency-temperature superposition theory
Authors: Schweighardt Attila , Vehovszky Balazs
Published: September 2021

In acoustic design of engineering applications - such as in the acoustic analysis of passenger vehicles - poroelastic materials are of great importance. One of the most influencing properties in determining their noise-reduction potential is the storage modulus. The purpose of this
study is to examine the frequency dependence of storage modulus of selected porous acoustic materials at least up to 1000 Hz. This is executed by using the combined use of dynamic mechanical analyzer and frequency-temperature superposition theory. All other methods for measuring the storage
modulus fall short in determining frequency-dependence above 100 Hz: quasi-static mechanical analyzer is mostly used for determining an averaged constant value deduced from low-frequency measurements, while the usage of an electromagnetic shaker capable for high-frequency excitation may include
effects of fluid motion inside the pores, thus significantly modifying the results. Frequency-temperature superposition enables to determine the storage modulus values in a wide frequency range, based on low-frequency measurements, where fluid-structure interaction is negligible. It was found
that the modulus varied significantly up to and beyond 1000 Hz, and thus, acoustical characterization of these materials can be significantly improved using the proposed method. The work concludes with recommendations to improve the accuracy of the results.
Prediction and analysis of 220kV substation based on geometric acoustic simulation
Authors: Zhang Longxiang , Chen Peng , Sun Haitao
Published: September 2021

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the city has gradually formed a residential community with high residential density. In order to meet the power demand of the community, each new community basically needs to establish a supporting indoor substation according
to the power load of the residents. Considering the residents' electricity habits, the electricity room of the supporting substation in the residential area works 24 hours a day, resulting in frequent noise nuisance incidents. Therefore, the detailed analysis of the indoor noise distribution
and the radiated noise from the envelope surface of the substation has a positive significance for the reasonable control of substation noise. In this paper, the method of combining indoor and outdoor simulation is used to predict the 220 kV indoor substation noise. The indoor noise is simulated
by Odeon software, and the outdoor noise is simulated by Cadna / a software, the two kinds of software are also based on the virtual sound source and sound ray tracking method of geometric acoustics. Firstly, the noise spectrum of each wall is calculated by Odeon software, and then the noise
spectrum is interpolated and attenuated according to the sound insulation spectrum of the composite wall. The calculated spectrum is used as the plane source intensity for noise prediction in Cadna / a software, and finally the noise value of sensitive points at the boundary of substation
can be predicted.
Study on Sound Insulation Performance of Pressure Relief Wall of Transformer Chamber
Authors: Rong Fabing , Cheng Zhongjie , Liu Peijie
Published: September 2021

The problem of noise nuisance in indoor substation becomes more and more sensitive. The noise emission index of substation has become an important technical index of substation design. The noise control of indoor substation mainly adopts "auxiliary noise reduction technology"
such as sound absorption, sound insulation and vibration isolation. The sound insulation performance of the pressure relief wall in the main transformer room of indoor substation is the key link of noise control. In order to reduce the noise interference, this paper selects the common sound
insulation structure of the pressure relief wall, analyzes the main influencing factors of noise reduction, selects the sound insulation structure suitable for the pressure relief wall in the main transformer room of indoor substation, and tests the effectiveness of noise reduction of the
sound insulation structure in the actual case. Based on the research results, the sound absorption structure in the main transformer room is arranged on the other indoor wall outside the pressure relief wall, and the pressure relief wall mainly considers the structure of sound insulation,
which can effectively reduce the noise impact of the main transformer room.
Evaluation of recognition performance of guidance direction present-ing by sequential emitting sound in evacuation guidance system
Authors: Miyoshi Tetsuya
Published: September 2021

Providing guidance using light and sound source to support prompt evacuation during a disaster is an important issue. The final purpose of our research is to propose and develop an evacuation guidance system using a sound source that are emitted along a predetermined evacuation path
sequentially. In this paper, we report the results of analysis and discussion about the identification performance of human being for the emitting sound source in several empirical conditions as the basic study of our research goal. We conducted two experiments under the conditions combining
of these factors, in which subjects identified emitting sounds in two cases that the sound stimuli were emitting in straight lines and in right-angle lines. From the experimental results, it was shown that the accuracy rate of identification of the emitting sound was improved when the vocal
phase was used as the sound source and when the emitting time interval was extended. The results about identification the sequence of sound also demonstrated that the performance became lower as the sound stimuli emitting farther from subjects in a straight line, and also the response time
became longer in case that the sequence order from back to front than the other direction.
Design and performance exploration of a cymbal piezoelectric energy harvester under the excitation of power transformer vibration
Authors: Jiang Xishan , Lu Xu , Zheng Jing
Published: September 2021

With the rapid application of internet of things technology and wireless sensor in transformer station, the demand for stable and reliable power source becoming increasingly stronger. Power transformer operates with high energy density vibration, which provides a suitable energy source
for health monitoring sensors. A cymbal piezoelectric transducer is designed to harvest the energy of vibrationwhich is made of cymbal end cap and piezoelectric ceramic to convert mechanical energy to electricity. Also, the power circuit is designed to realize the transmission and storage
of electric energy. Then, the performance of the cymbal piezoelectric energy harvester is explored by FEM and experiment. The influence of mechanical vibration characteristics on the charging power of piezoelectric transducer is studied, including amplitude, frequency and preload. The experimental
results show that the cymbal piezoelectric energy harvester can provides stable and reliable power, which allows the possibility of large-scale application of wireless sensor in transformer station. The present work provides a new design concept for developing the novel cymbal harvesters used
in large-sized vibratory equipment, such as power transformer, to harvest vibration energy.
“O Esperado”
Authors: Santos de Oliveira Rodrigo , Vasconcelos Oliveira do Nascimento Michelle
Published: September 2021

Em todo movimento fascista o culto ao líder é um dos elementos centrais do discurso ideológico, pois neste indivíduo são congregados os valores sociais, políticos e culturais do movimento. Plínio Salgado foi o líder da Ação Integralista Brasileira – movimento de orientação fascista que surgiu no Brasil na década de 1930. E para se apresentar como líder inconteste dos integralistas, valeu-se de todo o imaginário messiânico, que tinha grande impacto na mentalidade social brasileira da época, surgindo quase como um novo Tiradentes, numa espécie de cristianização do herói. No presente texto, discutiremos a utilização do imaginário messiânico, a partir de simbolismos cristãos e da figura de Tiradentes na construção da imagem idealizada de Plínio Salgado como “Chefe Nacional” da Ação Integralista Brasileira.
Comtismo, Castilhismo, and Varguismo
Authors: Hentschke Jens R
Published: September 2021

The author argues that polity and policies of Getúlio Vargas’s Estado Novo cannot be fully understood without exploring the legacy of Rio Grande do Sul. The southern state’s first republican governor, Júlio de Castilhos, had taken inspiration in Auguste Comte’s multifaceted political philosophy and inculcated its authoritarian traits into political institutions. Yet, he and his followers substantially adapted Comte’s positivism to the specific economic and political circumstances in their republiqueta sui generis. In contrast to Comte, the State merged temporal and spiritual powers to pursue evolutionary political changes, a balanced socioeconomic modernisation, and the incorporation of the populus qua paternalistic public policies, and all this with a strong focus on education. Changing contexts resulted in further adjustments, when Vargas became governor in 1928: an ‘orderly’ inclusion of the opposition into the polity, a stronger state interventionism in the economy and labor market, and an experimentation with state corporatism. These experiences paved the way for this comtismo-turned-castilhismo-turning-varguismo to enter the national stage two years later. Despite all the compromises with other contenders for power that Vargas had to make thereafter, he and his gaúcho and other co-opted protégés remained united in the strong belief in technical solutions to social problems and a quest for rational institutions to carry out transformative policies. For them, the State was to be agent of development, tutor of corporate interest groups, and now also guarantor of national security. While highlighting the significant, and still underestimated, impact of French positivism on Vargas’s first 15 years in government, the article places emphasis on the pragmatic dimensions of its appropriation, propagation, and reinterpretation by two generations of state-builders.
construção política da guerra global ao terror
Authors: Bernussi Mariana
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo argumenta que a guerra global ao terror, que caracterizou os últimos 20 anos desde o 11 de setembro, não pode ser analisada como um fenômeno único, excepcional e desconectado de um processo histórico mais amplo. Nesse sentido, o estudo procura compreender como se deu historicamente a inserção do terrorismo na agenda de segurança internacional, além de analisar a construção política do terrorismo enquanto uma ameaça e do contraterrorismo como uma resposta urgente, atentando para os atores interessados e embates políticos acerca do tema, em especial desde os anos 1970. Parte-se do entendimento que terrorismo e contraterrorismo não são fenômenos naturais, mas construções simbólicas, e como tal devem ser compreendidas como resultado de forças institucionais, ideias e capacidades materiais em determinado tempo e espaço. Os resultados apontam que a permanente redefinição de limites que caracteriza o terrorismo e o contraterrorismo teria menos ligação com os eventos do 11 de setembro, mas está diretamente relacionada ao processo de construção de ameaças e da prática de criminalização do “outro”, contra o qual se legitima o emprego de todo tipo de violência.
Ocidente, Direitas e Islã
Authors: Fernandes Rocha Guimarães Gabriel
Published: September 2021

O sentimento de rechaço ao islã tornou-se algo como um lugar-comum junto à emergência da nova direita populista em vários países e regiões do planeta. Sobretudo após os atentados de 11 de setembro de 2001, o islã ganhou um papel de protagonismo dentro daquilo que essa direita propõe combater. Todavia, os motivos do sentimento anti-islâmico tornam-se turvos, uma vez que antes do 11 de setembro vários setores da direita na Europa e nos EUA já enquadravam o imigrante não europeu, ou de países do chamado terceiro mundo como um grande problema. Quando o sentimento anti-islâmico surge nos discursos da direita em países que não se defrontam com a questão da imigração de forma tão incisiva, como no Brasil, este tema fica ainda mais problemático, tornando-se necessária uma averiguação mais detalhada da questão. Neste artigo analisa-se a abordagem do islã no contexto da nova direita no pensamento de Olavo de Carvalho, um influente formador de opinião da direita brasileira atual. Busca-se compreender de que forma suas ideias de fato convergem com o edifício teórico e ideológico da direita do Hemisfério Norte. Conclui-se que, antes que um equivalente das direitas identitárias euro-americanas, as propostas de Olavo de Carvalho se enquadram mais na Direita Cristã norte-americana, que teve o seu período de maior ativação nos anos 1990. A direita olavista recupera um discurso e um enquadramento de mundo próximos da direita norte-americana da guerra fria, porém, incorporando o tema do islã, tendo pontos de contato com a atual direita norte-americana e europeia, porém não sendo intercambiável com ela.
Teorías de la Conspiración y el Problema del Mal
Authors: Pérez Hernáiz Hugo
Published: September 2021

Las teorías de la conspiración son explicaciones a males que se presentan como alternativas racionales y científicas a las explicaciones de las ciencias. No son una aberración de las ciencias, sino que comparten con estas el ansia de control total sobre el mundo físico y social. Las teorías de la conspiración en torno a la autoría de los eventos del 11 de septiembre de 2001 demuestran intentos por ajustarse a las explicaciones socialmente legitimadas del mal, pero incluyen elementos que las hacen alternativas especialmente satisfactorias como explicaciones de ese mal.
Movimento Conservador Norte Americano e o 11 de Setembro
Authors: Garcia Bruno
Published: September 2021

O artigo discute de que maneira os ataques de 11 de setembro representam um importante ponto de inflexão na história do movimento conservador norte-americano. A direita americana, que encontrara nos anos 1960 e 1970 pontos de convergência entre suas diferentes correntes, passa a se fragmentar com o fortalecimento dos neoconservadores nos anos 1980. O artigo procura analisar como esse processo, que se ensaiava antes do fim da Guerra Fria, foi acelerado pela resposta de George W. Bush aos ataques terroristas e permitiu que forças políticas como o populismo se deslocassem das margens para o centro do debate político.
Influência externa na mudança em Espanha
Authors: Fernández Gallego Maria del Pilar
Published: September 2021

Resenha do livro: Fernández Amador, Mónica, y Rafael Quirosa-Cheyrouze y Muñoz, eds. La Transición española y sus relaciones con el exterior. Madrid: Sílex, 2020.
Relaxin Attenuates Organ Fibrosis via an Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Mechanism in Aged Hypertensive Female Rats
Authors: Barsha Giannie , Walton Sarah L. , Kwok Edmund , Mirabito Colafella Katrina M. , Pinar Anita A. , Hilliard Krause Lucinda M. , Gaspari Tracey A. , Widdop Robert E. , Samuel Chrishan S. , Denton Kate M.
Published: September 2021

Key Points

Relaxin attenuates tissue fibrosis in an organ- and age-specific manner.

The antifibrotic actions of relaxin are mediated via an angiotensin type 2 receptor mechanism.

Relaxin replacement therapy is a potential antifibrotic for cardiovascular and kidney disease in postmenopausal women.

Background

The antifibrotic effects of recombinant human relaxin (RLX) in the kidney are dependent on an interaction between its cognate receptor (RXFP1) and the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) in male models of disease. Whether RLX has therapeutic effects, which are also mediated via AT2R, in hypertensive adult and aged/reproductively senescent females is unknown. Thus, we determined whether treatment with RLX provides cardiorenal protection via an AT2R-dependent mechanism in adult and aged female stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSPs).

Methods

In 6-month-old (6MO) and 15-month-old ([15MO]; reproductively senescent) female SHRSP, systolic BP (SBP), GFR, and proteinuria were measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment with vehicle (Veh), RLX (0.5 mg/kg per day s.c.), or RLX+PD123319 (AT2R antagonist; 3 mg/kg per day s.c.). Aortic endothelium–dependent relaxation and fibrosis of the kidney, heart, and aorta were assessed.

Results

In 6MO SHRSP, RLX significantly enhanced GFR by approximately 25% (P=0.001) and reduced cardiac fibrosis (P=0.01) as compared with vehicle-treated counterparts. These effects were abolished or blunted by PD123319 coadministration. In 15MO females, RLX reduced interstitial renal (P=0.02) and aortic (P=0.003) fibrosis and lowered SBP (13±3 mm Hg; P=0.04) relative to controls. These effects were also blocked by PD123319 cotreatment (all P=0.05 versus RLX treatment alone). RLX also markedly improved vascular function by approximately 40% (P<0.001) in 15MO SHRSP, but this was not modulated by PD123319 cotreatment.

Conclusions

The antifibrotic and organ-protective effects of RLX, when administered to a severe model of hypertension, conferred cardiorenal protection in adult and reproductively senescent female rats to a great extent via an AT2R-mediated mechanism.
Förekomst av tretåig hackspett Picoides tridactylus på bestånds- och landskapsnivå
Authors: Amcoff Martin , Eriksson Pär
Published: September 2021

The Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus has declined with at least fifty percent in most of Sweden since the 1970s. This study was made in an area of 150 km2 in the eastern part of the province of UppIand in order to explain the habitat requirements of the species at the levels of both forest stand and landscape. The amount of dead wood was strongly correlated with the occurrence of the woodpecker. The stage of decay of the tree seemed to be more important than the tree species, both for feeding and nest site selection. All breeding sites were surrounded by continuous forests of 100–400 ha characterized by low management intensity (trees older than normal final felling age, little thinning, and several features typical for a "natural" forest). In control areas of similar size but with normal management regimes, we found the Three-toed Woodpecker rare or absent. We also found that a high proportion of swamp forest partly could compensate shortage of dead wood in other forests. The species is able to respond rapidly when suitable habitats with many dead or dying trees appear after a disturbance such as storm felling, insect attack, fire or flooding.
Las TIC y los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje: la supremacía de las programaciones, los modelos de enseñanza y las calificaciones ante las demandas de la sociedad del conocimiento
Authors: Sepúlveda Ruiz María del Pilar , Calderón Almendros Ignacio
Published: September 2021

El trabajo que aquí presentamos procede de una investigación más amplia, concretamente de uno de los estudios de casos realizados sobre la implantación experimental de las TIC en los sistemas escolares en Andalucía. Dicho estudio se realizó en un centro de educación primaria de la capital malagueña y aborda las cuestiones claves emanadas tras realizar una evaluación en un centro TIC. El proyecto del centro entendía las TIC como una valiosa herramienta más para desarrollar el trabajo docente, que podría favorecer la igualdad de oportunidades y la atención a la diversidad, complementando (no sustituyendo) al profesorado y sus actuales recursos. El estudio reflexiona fundamentalmente sobre la incidencia de la implantación de las TIC en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje, en las nuevas propuestas metodológicas que han emergido, en la evaluación de los aprendizajes y en la atención a la diversidad. Los resultados obtenidos no son homogéneos. Para la mayoría las TIC son un recurso más para apoyar los aprendizajes de los estudiantes, mientras que para otros han favorecido la reflexión sobre distintas dimensiones de su quehacer profesional: las tareas y estrategias que están utilizando para trabajar en el aula o sobre cómo reorganizar la selección cultural escolar tratando de compaginar lo considerado relevante por el profesorado y lo destacado en el libro de texto. Es decir, la implantación de las TIC podría constituir un interesante reactivo para preguntarse por cuestiones centrales que condicionan sobremanera los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, pero inicialmente no parece desarrollarse en este sentido, aunque sea demasiado pronto para poder concretarlas.
Foros de discusión cerrados como herramienta tecnológica, pedagógica y colaborativa en la educación superior
Authors: Bombelli Enrique Carlos , Barberis Juan Guillermo , Roitman Gustavo Germán
Published: September 2021

Hoy en día, convertir al estudiante en un elemento activo del aprendizaje es posible gracias a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, siempre y cuando exista un adecuado apoyo y una guía efectiva para lograrlo. El caso concreto que se presenta es el del uso de foros de discusión cerrados, como medio de comunicación en el dictado de la asignatura Introducción a la Informática, perteneciente a las carreras de grado que se dictan en la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, con el fin de realizar un análisis retrospectivo sobre varios cursos dictados y sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos poder determinar las ventajas, desventajas y posibilidades futuras de este medio así como también su probable utilización en otras asignaturas.
Lectura dialógica: interacciones que mejoran y aceleran la lectura
Authors: Valls Rosa , Soler Marta , Flecha Ramón
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo se aborda el estudio de la lectura dialógica enmarcada en una más amplia concepción de aprendizaje que tiene sus fundamentos en las prácticas (comunidades de aprendizaje), teorías (Freire, Habermas, Searle) e investigaciones (includ-ed) más relevantes de la actual sociedad de la información, situando en este nuevo contexto las aportaciones dialógicas anteriores. Esto permite entenderla como una instancia coordinante de las actividades de aprendizaje que realizan todas las personas que interaccionan con los niños, especialmente quienes conviven con ellos en las aulas y en los domicilios, es decir, el profesorado y las familias. Aquí se intenta demostrar cómo los centros que han adoptado esta concepción de aprendizaje dialógico están consiguiendo mejorar y acelerar el aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura de todos los educandos con más espacios y más personas que las tradicionales de la escuela heredada de la sociedad industrial. Asímismo, se constata cómo se promueve la lectura de los familiares en casa y también en el espacio escolar a través de las tertulias literarias dialógicas que consiguen que personas que nunca han leído un libro disfruten de obras de Safo, Joyce o Lorca. Resulta auspiciosa, además, la colaboración directa de familiares, de diversidad de profesionales y del voluntariado en el aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura que realizan los estudiantes, no solo en el horario lectivo sino también fuera de clase.
Flipping the Script: Master-Student to Student-Masters
Authors:   American University of Sharjah, Spaw Gregory Thomas
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the particular challenges of teaching a North-American model of education outside the US. The challenges take place in a remarkably diverse institution where international students represent 84% of enrollees and woman represent more than 80% of the Department of Architecture’s students.
Potemkin Fabrications: Administrative Gymnastics, Messy Boundaries, and the Alternative Facts that Enable Design-Build Pedagogy
Authors:   American University of Sharjah, Hughes Michael , Baker Emily ,   University of Arkansas, Sommerfeld Rick ,   University of Colorado-Denver, Zell Mo ,   University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Published: September 2021

Celebrated as a mechanism for engaging ‘real’ projects much of the contemporary design-build literature foregrounds the action-learning embedded in the physical act of making a piece of architecture at full-scale. Participating students and faculty comments regularly highlight the direct encounter with the materials and method of construction as well as the collaborative, cross-disciplinary nature of community engagement. Brian Mackay-Lyons, founder of the Ghost Lab in Nova Scotia, argues that “Pragmatism is the best teacher” and “Technology is best learned by making” and he links design-build to, “The apprenticeship model of architectural education—its roots in the master-builder tradition of the Middle Ages.” (Mackay-Lyons 2008, p 135 and p138) However, the conventional fixation on the construction process and final products obscures the complex, often unappetizing, ‘behind the scenes’ logistics necessary to implement, and sustain, new pedagogies.
Shaping Public Space, in Public, with the Public: Co-Drawing the Continuous Campus
Authors:   California College of the Arts, Steinmuller Antje , Falliers Christopher ,   California College of the Arts
Published: September 2021

Protocols of public space production have been evolving in recent years, with the public no longer solely the end user of an architect-designed space. The form of public space as the domain of architects is increasingly replaced by a need to structure a process of formation – a forum – that positions architects as collaborators with the public, designing sites, artifacts, and protocols for citizen engagement. This paper puts forward an engaged methodology for public space formation that operates in public and with the public, and employs collaborative drawing.