bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelaksanaan Operan Jaga Perawat di Unit Rawat Inap: Studi Fenomenologi Deskriptif
Authors: Larira Dina Mariana , Rasmiati Ketut , Bugis Dewi Arwini
Published: August 2022

Salah satu bentuk profesionalisme kerja perawat dapat tercermin dari pelaksanaan komunikasi yang baik dalam menjalankan operan. Kesenjangan dalam pelaksanaan operan dapat mengganggu keselamatan pasien rawat inap. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi dan memahami secara mendalam bagaimana pelaksanaan operan jaga yang dijalankan perawat di unit rawat inap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode triangulasi yaitu wawancara individual bersama 3 informan kunci, focus group discussion bersama 4 perawat pelaksana, dan analisis 10 dokumen terkait pelaksanaan operan seperti buku laporan, buku register, status pasien dan SOP pelaksanaan operan. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini hingga mencapai saturasi data adalah 7 orang informan dan 10 dokumen terkait. Data yang ditemukan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan pendekatan Colaizzi dan menghasilkan lima tema, yaitu: (1) Proses pelaksanaan operan, (2) Manfaat pelaksanaan operan bagi perawat, (3) Pemahaman dan harapan perawat terkait operan, (4) Hambatan dan akibat ketidakefektifan operan, (5) Pendukung efektivitas pelaksanaan operan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu operan dapat terlaksana secara efektif karena, salah satunya, dukungan pimpinan berupa arahan untuk wajib ikut operan.
Efektivitas Metode Seven Jumps dan Klasikal terhadap Pengetahuan Mahasiswa tentang Discharge Planning Postpartum
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: August 2022

Discharge planning postpartum merupakan proses perencanaan yang sistematis dari awal pasien datang hingga pada saat keluar dari pelayanan Kesehatan. Beberapa tenaga kesehatan khususnya bidan terkadang tidak menjalankannya secara optimal.  Biasanya ketika pasien akan pulang hanya diberikan surat kontrol saja sehingga kompetensi discharge planning mereka perlu digali secara optimal dan profesional. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas metode seven jumps dan klasikal terhadap pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang discharge planning postpartum. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan desain pretes dan postes grup kontrol. Total sampel yaitu 25 mahasiswa sebagai responden dimana 14 mahasiswa masuk kelompok intervensi dengan metode seven jumps dan 11 mahasiswa bergabung dengan kelompok kontrol dan mendapatkan metode klasikal. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang discharge planning postpartum dengan menggunakan metode seven jumps pada kelompok intervensi (p=0,001) dan menggunakan metode klasikal pada kelompok kontrol (p=0.003). Hasil uji Mann Whitney (p=0,285) menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok intervensi dan kelopok kontrol.  Kesimpulannya metode seven jumps dan klasikal efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang discharge planning postpartum. Namun secara statistik, tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada kedua metode tersebut.
Hubungan antara Kepuasan Pembelajaran Daring pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Stress Akademik pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan
Authors: Aina Qori , Binteriawati Yeni
Published: August 2022

Kenaikan kasus Covid-19 di Indonesia menyebabkan pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan pendidikan tentang pembelajaran secara daring. Pembelajaran daring yang dilakukan pada awal masuk perkuliahan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya stres akademik pada mahasiswa terutama mahasiswa transfer karena menambah beban pekerjaan yang sudah ada. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepuasan pembelajaran daring pada masa pandemi Covid-19 terhadap stres akademik pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sejumlah 74 responden dilibatkan dalam penelitian, yang dipilih dengan teknik total sampling. Alat ukur dalam penelitian ini adalah sebuah kuesioner dan telah mendapatkan uji validitas. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran daring sebesar 50% dan stres akademik sebagian besar mahasiswa adalah berat (54,1%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepuasan pembelajaran daring dengan stres akademik mahasiswa (p value 0,816). Perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran daring sehingga dapat meningkatkan kepuasan mahasiswa dan dapat mengurangi kecemasan mahasiswa khususnya dalam pencapaian nilai akademik.
Національно-культурні товариства німецької громади в Одесі у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст.
Authors: Синявська Олена , Садова Іванна
Published: August 2022

У статті розглядається історія виникнення та основні напрями діяльності німецьких національно-культурних товариств, що діяли в Одесі у другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Відзначається, що південний регіон, і зокрема Одеса, стали центром колонізаторських рухів ще на початку ХІХ ст.

Перші товариства, що були створені в Одесі, займалися доброчинною діяльністю й опікувалися незаможними співвітчизниками, забезпечували їх одягом, їжею та притулками, надавали медичну допомогу та ліки, влаштовували людей похилого віку у Будинки піклування, а малолітніх – у Сирітські будинки та притулки. Найбільш відомим було Німецьке благодійне товариство, яке поступово розширювало свою діяльність, відображаючи це у текстах своїх статутів. Поряд із благодійницькою діяльністю, значна увага членами товариства надавалася просвітницькій роботі, влаштуванню музичних вечорів. Одним із перших культурно-просвітницьких німецьких товариств було засноване у 1861 р. товариство «Гармонія».

На початку ХХ ст. створюється низка нових товариств німецької громади. Активністю серед них відзначаються засновані у 1906 і 1908 роках Південноросійське німецьке товариство та Німецьке товариство просвіти Південної Росії, практична діяльність яких зосереджувалася у сфері організації лекцій, концертів, театральних вистав, відкритті читалень і навіть власних навчальних закладів. З початком Першої світової війни антинімецькі настрої посилилися не тільки у суспільстві, а й у державній політиці Російської імперії, наслідком чого стала низка антинімецьких указів і ліквідація німецьких товариств.
Культ Матері богів у Північному Причорномор’ї та Великій Скіфії в архаїчний і класичний періоди (VI-IV ст. до н.е.)
Authors: Korchak Andriy
Published: August 2022

Мета статті: на підставі аналізу історичних джерел вивчити процес появи та поширення культу Матері богів у Північному Причорномор’ї і Великій Скіфії в архаїчний і класичний періоди (VІ-ІV ст. до н.е.).

Наукова новизна: комплексно розглянуто виявлені на території Північного Причорномор’я та Великої Скіфії пам’ятки архаїчної та класичної доби, які традиційно пов’язують з малоазійським культом Кібели. Охарактеризовано їх за типами історичних джерел: писемні свідчення, сграфіто, скульптурний матеріал. Визначено географію поширення, способи поклоніння й особливості цього вірування у давньогрецьких колоніях Північного Причорномор’я. Висунуто припущення про малоймовірність присутності цього культу в середовищі скіфів.

Висновки. У ході проведеного дослідження встановлено, що у перші століття після свого проникнення до Північного Причорномор’я, культ Матері богів набув великої популярності. Про це свідчить простора територія його поширення: Ольвія, Ніконій, Керкінітида, Боспорське царство: Пантікапей, Мірмекій, Німфей, Кітей та інші поселення. У IV ст. до н.е. це вірування поширилося на азійську частину Боспору, про що свідчать знахідки на території Фанагорії та Горгіпії.

Проаналізовані джерела свідчать, що у цей час культ Кібели міг мати як приватний, так і більш загальний характер. В Ольвії Матір богів, ймовірно, виступала покровителькою усього поліса, оскільки однією з її божественних функцій був захист міст. Крім цього, Кібела за своєю природою була хтонічним божеством, відповідно уособлювала сили родючості та проявляла себе як володарка мертвих. Тогочасною характерною особливістю досліджуваного вірування була відсутність поклоніння супутнику-паредру Матері богів – Аттісу.

Натомість думки про поширення культу Кібели серед скіфів не мають якихось чітких іконографічних підтверджень. Зображення «Володарки звірів» на знайдених у скіфських курганах прикрасах не відповідають традиційній іконографії Матері богів. Можливо вони є відображенням малоазійських чи близькосхідних богинь, чиї образи лягли в основу представлення якогось, до сих пір не ідентифікованого, скіфського жіночого божества.
Другий Волинський Кіш УНАКОТО (1924-1935 рр.)
Authors: Davydyuk Ruslana
Published: August 2022

Мета дослідження. У статті проаналізовано діяльність Другого Волинського Коша Українського національного козацького товариства (УНАКОТО), очолюваного колишнім старшиною Армії Української Народної Республіки (УНР) Іваном Волошиним, звернуто увагу на її антибільшовицьку спрямованість і відносини з польською владою. З’ясовано, що козацьке товариство підпорядковувалось централі у Мюнхені під зверхністю Івана Полтавця-Остряниці, було виразником монархічних поглядів української міжвоєнної еміграції, діяло на авторитарних засадах, маючи за основну мету консолідацію зусиль консервативних кіл щодо відновлення Української козацької держави.

Наукова новизна статті полягає у введенні до наукового обігу нових архівних документів, міжвоєнної періодики, що дало можливість показати місце козацької організації у громадському житті міжвоєнної Волині.

Методологія дослідження базується на принципах науковості, системності, історизму, проблемно-історичного, пошукового, хронологічного, просопографічного методів, а також методах аналізу і систематизації, що дозволило розглянути умови появи Другого Волинського Коша УНАКОТО, прослідкувати його взаємини з польською владою, з’ясувати причини незначного авторитету серед місцевого населення й ігнорування з боку української інтелігенції. Метод просопографії знадобився для з’ясування імен діячів товариства.

Висновки. У статті доведено, що Другий Волинський Кіш, очолюваний Іваном Волошиним, будучи структурним підрозділом УНАКОТО у Мюнхені, хоча і вважався найбільшим у міжвоєнній Польщі, але не мав широкої підтримки серед місцевого населення, займав антибільшовицьку позицію, був авторитарною структурою, діячі якої переслідувались польською владою або ж використовувались нею як конфіденти. Встановлено, як реакція керівників УНАКОТО на загибель Симона Петлюри спричинила хвилю неприйняття у середовищі української політичної еміграції. Вказана ймовірна причина відсутності реакції керівництва Другого Волинського Коша на смерть В’ячеслава Липинського.

Після невдалих спроб легалізації УНАКОТО у Волинському воєводстві Іван Волошин виїхав до Німеччини. Внаслідок внутрішніх непорозумінь, переслідувань польською поліцією, розгортання «волинського експерименту» воєводи Генрика Юзевського вплив УНАКОТО у воєводстві мінімізувався. Встановлення нацистського політичного режиму в Німеччині пришвидшило розпуск у 1935 р. УНАКОТО та створення на його місці радикальнішої організації – Український національний козацький рух (УНАКОР), функціонування якої може бути темою окремого дослідження.
What is the added value of FeNO as T2 biomarker?
Authors: Marcos María Celeste , Cisneros Serrano Carolina
Published: August 2022

There is increasing evidence about the role of nitric oxide in type 2 (T2) immune response. Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a product of airways inflammation and it is increased in patients with asthma. Since Gustaffson published the first article about this biomarker in the 1990s, interest has continued to grow. Compared with other T2 biomarkers such as blood eosinophil count, induced sputum, or serum periostin, FeNO has some remarkable advantages, including its not invasive nature, easy repeatability, and possibility to be performed even in patients with severe airway obstruction. It is considered as an indicator of T2 inflammation and, by the same token, a useful predictor for inhaled steroid response. It is difficult to determine the utility of nitric oxide (NO) for initial asthma diagnosis. In such a heterogenous disease, a single parameter would probably not be enough to provide a complete picture. There is also an important variability among authors concerning FeNO cutoff values and the percentage of sensibility and specificity for diagnosis. Its high specificity indicates a potential role to “rule in” asthma; however, its lower sensibility could suggest a lower capacity to “rule out” this pathology. For this reason, if a diagnosis of asthma is being considered, FeNO should be considered along with other tests. FeNO has also shown its utility to detect response to steroids, adherence to treatment, and risk of exacerbation. Even though there is not enough quality of evidence to establish overall conclusions, FeNO could be an alternative procedure to diagnose or exclude asthma and also a predictive tool in asthma treated with corticosteroids.
Raloxifene Stimulates Estrogen Signaling to Protect Against Age- and Sex-Related Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Mice
Authors: Bhadouria Neharika , Berman Alycia G. , Wallace Joseph M. , Holguin Nilsson
Published: August 2022

Estrogen agonist raloxifene is an FDA-approved treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, which may also be a promising prophylactic for painful intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Here, we hypothesized that 1) aging and biological sex contribute to IVD degeneration by reducing estrogen signaling and that 2) raloxifene stimulates estrogen signaling to protect against age- and sex-related IVD degeneration in mice. 2.5-month-old (male and female) and 22.5-month-old (female) C57Bl/6J mice were subcutaneously injected with raloxifene hydrochloride 5x/week for 6 weeks (n = 7–9/grp). Next, female mice were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham operated at 4 months of age and tissues harvested at 6 months (n = 5–6/grp). Advanced aging and OVX increased IVD degeneration score, weakened IVD strength, reduced estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) protein expression, and increased neurotransmitter substance P (SP) expression. Similar to aging and compared with male IVDs, female IVDs were more degenerated, mechanically less viscoelastic, and expressed less ER-α protein, but unlike the effect induced by aging or OVX, IVD mechanical force was greater in females than in males. Therapeutically, systemic injection of raloxifene promoted ER-α protein to quell these dysregulations by enlarging IVD height, alleviating IVD degeneration score, increasing the strength and viscoelastic properties of the IVD, and reducing IVD cell expression of SP in young-adult and old female mice. Transcriptionally, injection of raloxifene upregulated the gene expression of ER-α and extracellular matrix-related anabolism in young-adult and old IVD. In vertebra, advanced aging and OVX reduced trabecular BV/TV, whereas injection of raloxifene increased trabecular BV/TV in young-adult and old female mice, but not in young-adult male mice. In vertebra, advanced aging, OVX, and biological sex (females > males) increased the number of SP-expressing osteocytes, whereas injection of raloxifene reduced the number of SP-expressing osteocytes in young-adult female and male mice and old female mice. Overall, injection of estrogen agonist raloxifene in mice normalized dysregulation of IVD structure, IVD mechanics, and pain-related SP expression in IVD cells and osteocytes induced by aging and biological sex. These data suggest that, in addition to bone loss, raloxifene may relieve painful IVD degeneration in postmenopausal women induced by advanced age, biological sex, and estrogen depletion.
Tight junction disruption through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathways in the skin contributes to blister fluid formation after severe tibial plateau fracture
Authors: Guo Jialiang , Chen Xiaojun , Lin Zhe , Jin Lin , Hou Zhiyong , Dong Weichong , Zhang Yingze
Published: August 2022

Background: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is an orthopedic emergency that commonly occurs after severe tibial plateau fracture. Fracture blisters form on the skin, and it was found in our previous study that when blisters form, the compartment pressure significantly decreases. However, the potential mechanism underlying this pressure decrease has not yet been elucidated.

Methods: To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the changes that occur after blister formation on the skin, the changes in tight junction expression in the skin after tibial plateau fracture were observed. Blister samples and normal skin were collected from patients with bicondylar tibial plateau fractures with or without blisters. The epidermis thickness was measured, and the difference in the levels of K1, K5, K10, and skin barrier proteins such as claudin 1, claudin 2, and occludin between the two groups was evaluated by immunochemistry analysis, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and qPCR.

Results: The skin was thinner and the levels of K1, K5, and K10 were significantly decreased in blistered skin. Furthermore, the PI3K/AKT pathway was found to be activated, and the tight junction expression was significantly decreased in blistered skin. This indicates that the paracellular pathway, which is essential for accelerating fluid accumulation in blisters and indirectly decreases compartment pressure, was activated.

Conclusion: Changes in the tight junction expression after blister formation may underlie blister fluid formation and indirectly explain the decrease in compartment pressure under blistered skin after severe tibial plateau fracture.
Effect of LncRNA-MALAT1 on mineralization of dental pulp cells in a high-glucose microenvironment
Authors: Li Xinzhu , Xu Wenan , Lin Xiaoyu , Wu Jingyi , Wu Buling
Published: August 2022

Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) belongs to the long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) family. LncRNA-MALAT1 is expressed in a variety of tissues and is involved in a variety of diseases and biological processes. Although LncRNA-MALAT1 is upregulated in a high-glucose microenvironment and may participate in odontogenic differentiation, the underlying mechanism is not yet well elucidated. Here, we show that MALAT1 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of dental pulp cells (DPCs) in situ hybridization. In addition, high levels of mineralization-related factors, namely, tumor growth factors β 1 and 2 (TGFβ-1 and TGFβ-2), bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 4 (BMP2 and BMP4), bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1 (BMPR1), SMAD family member 2 (SMAD2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Msh homeobox 2 (MSX2), transcription factor SP7 (SP7), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP1), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), were expressed, and MALAT1 was significantly overexpressed in DPCs 7 and 14 days after mineralization induction in a high-glucose microenvironment, but only TGFβ-1, BMP2, MSX2, SP7, ALP, and DSPP were significantly downregulated in DPCs after MALAT1 inhibition. MALAT1 may participate in the mineralization process of DPCs by regulating multiple factors (TGFβ-1, BMP2, MSX2, SP7, ALP, and DSPP).
Protein Kinase CK2 represents a new target to boost Ibrutinib and Venetoclax induced cytotoxicity in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Manni Sabrina , Pesavento Maria , Spinello Zaira , Saggin Lara , Arjomand Arash , Fregnani Anna , Quotti Tubi Laura , Scapinello Greta , Gurrieri Carmela , Semenzato Gianpietro , Trentin Livio , Piazza Francesco
Published: August 2022

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by frequent relapses. In the last decade, the pro-survival pathways related to BCR signaling and Bcl-2 have been considered rational therapeutic targets in B cell derived lymphomas. The BTK inhibitor Ibrutinib and the Bcl-2 inhibitor Venetoclax are emerging as effective drugs for MCL. However, primary and acquired resistance also to these agents may occur. Protein Kinase CK2 is a S/T kinase overexpressed in many solid and blood-derived tumours. CK2 promotes cancer cell growth and clonal expansion, sustaining pivotal survival signaling cascades, such as the ones dependent on AKT, NF-κB, STAT3 and others, counteracting apoptosis through a “non-oncogene” addiction mechanism. We previously showed that CK2 is overexpressed in MCL and regulates the levels of activating phosphorylation on S529 of the NF-κB family member p65/RelA. In the present study, we investigated the effects of CK2 inactivation on MCL cell proliferation, survival and apoptosis and this kinase’s involvement in the BCR and Bcl-2 related signaling. By employing CK2 loss of function MCL cell models, we demonstrated that CK2 sustains BCR signaling (such as BTK, NF-κB and AKT) and the Bcl-2-related Mcl-1 expression. CK2 inactivation enhanced Ibrutinib and Venetoclax-induced cytotoxicity. The demonstration of a CK2-dependent upregulation of pathways that may antagonize the effect of these drugs may offer a novel strategy to overcome primary and secondary resistance.
The vertebrate Embryo Clock: Common players dancing to a different beat
Authors: Carraco Gil , Martins-Jesus Ana P. , Andrade Raquel P.
Published: August 2022

Vertebrate embryo somitogenesis is the earliest morphological manifestation of the characteristic patterned structure of the adult axial skeleton. Pairs of somites flanking the neural tube are formed periodically during early development, and the molecular mechanisms in temporal control of this early patterning event have been thoroughly studied. The discovery of a molecular Embryo Clock (EC) underlying the periodicity of somite formation shed light on the importance of gene expression dynamics for pattern formation. The EC is now known to be present in all vertebrate organisms studied and this mechanism was also described in limb development and stem cell differentiation. An outstanding question, however, remains unanswered: what sets the different EC paces observed in different organisms and tissues? This review aims to summarize the available knowledge regarding the pace of the EC, its regulation and experimental manipulation and to expose new questions that might help shed light on what is still to unveil.
The 3D genome landscape: Diverse chromosomal interactions and their functional implications
Authors: Fleck Katherine , Raj Romir , Erceg Jelena
Published: August 2022

Genome organization includes contacts both within a single chromosome and between distinct chromosomes. Thus, regulatory organization in the nucleus may include interplay of these two types of chromosomal interactions with genome activity. Emerging advances in omics and single-cell imaging technologies have allowed new insights into chromosomal contacts, including those of homologs and sister chromatids, and their significance to genome function. In this review, we highlight recent studies in this field and discuss their impact on understanding the principles of chromosome organization and associated functional implications in diverse cellular processes. Specifically, we describe the contributions of intra-chromosomal, inter-homolog, and inter-sister chromatid contacts to genome organization and gene expression.
Non-covalent functionalization of graphene sheets by pyrene-endcapped tetraphenylethene: Enhanced aggregation-induced emission effect and application in explosive detection
Authors: Zhang Yumin , Li Huanran , Wu Qing-Yun , Gu Lin
Published: August 2022

In this work, a dispersible graphene-based material with a characteristic of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) was prepared by wet chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO). During the GO reduction process, a conjugated molecule TPEP containing tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and pyrene was employed as a stabilizer because of the π–π interactions and the wrapping effect. The as-prepared rGO-TPEP not only has good dispersion in solution but also processes the AIE feature. Its fluorescence intensity is 2.23 times higher than that of TPEP at the same condition. The unique optical properties and AIE effect enable the rGO-TPEP as a chemical sensor for highly sensitive explosive detection in aggregated state and solid state. In the aggregated state, trace 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) can be detected by the rGO-TPEP even when the concentration is as low as 0.91 ppm, and the quenching constant is as high as 2.47 × 104 M-1.
Novel highly-multiplexed AmpliSeq targeted assay for Plasmodium vivax genetic surveillance use cases at multiple geographical scales
Authors: Kattenberg Johanna Helena , Nguyen Hong Van , Nguyen Hieu Luong , Sauve Erin , Nguyen Ngoc Thi Hong , Chopo-Pizarro Ana , Trimarsanto Hidayat , Monsieurs Pieter , Guetens Pieter , Nguyen Xa Xuan , Esbroeck Marjan Van , Auburn Sarah , Nguyen Binh Thi Huong , Rosanas-Urgell Anna
Published: August 2022

Although the power of genetic surveillance tools has been acknowledged widely, there is an urgent need in malaria endemic countries for feasible and cost-effective tools to implement in national malaria control programs (NMCPs) that can generate evidence to guide malaria control and elimination strategies, especially in the case of Plasmodium vivax. Several genetic surveillance applications (‘use cases’) have been identified to align research, technology development, and public health efforts, requiring different types of molecular markers. Here we present a new highly-multiplexed deep sequencing assay (Pv AmpliSeq). The assay targets the 33-SNP vivaxGEN-geo panel for country-level classification, and a newly designed 42-SNP within-country barcode for analysis of parasite dynamics in Vietnam and 11 putative drug resistance genes in a highly multiplexed NGS protocol with easy workflow, applicable for many different genetic surveillance use cases. The Pv AmpliSeq assay was validated using: 1) isolates from travelers and migrants in Belgium, and 2) routine collections of the national malaria control program at sentinel sites in Vietnam. The assay targets 229 amplicons and achieved a high depth of coverage (mean 595.7 ± 481) and high accuracy (mean error-rate of 0.013 ± 0.007). P. vivax parasites could be characterized from dried blood spots with a minimum of 5 parasites/µL and 10% of minority-clones. The assay achieved good spatial specificity for between-country prediction of origin using the 33-SNP vivaxGEN-geo panel that targets rare alleles specific for certain countries and regions. A high resolution for within-country diversity in Vietnam was achieved using the designed 42-SNP within-country barcode that targets common alleles (median MAF 0.34, range 0.01-0.49. Many variants were detected in (putative) drug resistance genes, with different predominant haplotypes in the pvmdr1 and pvcrt genes in different provinces in Vietnam. The capacity of the assay for high resolution identity-by-descent (IBD) analysis was demonstrated and identified a high rate of shared ancestry within Gia Lai Province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, as well as between the coastal province of Binh Thuan and Lam Dong. Our approach performed well in geographically differentiating isolates at multiple spatial scales, detecting variants in putative resistance genes, and can be easily adjusted to suit the needs in other settings in a country or region. We prioritize making this tool available to researchers and NMCPs in endemic countries to increase ownership and ensure data usage for decision-making and malaria policy.
A predictive model involving serum uric acid, C-reactive protein, diabetes, hypercholesteremia, multiple lesions for restenosis risk in everolimus-eluting stent-treated coronary heart disease patients
Authors: Feng Qiang , Zhao Ying , Wang Haiyan , Zhao Jiayu , Wang Xun , Shi Jianping
Published: August 2022

Purpose

As a second-generation drug-eluting stent, the restenosis risk factors of the everolimus-eluting stent (EES) lack sufficient evidence. Therefore, the study investigated the in-stent restenosis occurrence and its predictive factors among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with EES.

Materials and methods

Totally, 235 patients with CHD who underwent PCI with EES were included. At 1 year post PCI with EES (or earlier if clinically indicated), coronary angiography was performed to evaluate the in-stent restenosis status.

Results

Within 1 year post-operation, 20 patients developed in-stent restenosis while 215 patients did not develop in-stent restenosis, resulting in a 1-year in-stent restenosis rate of 8.5%. Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesteremia, hyperuricemia, fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid (SUA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP), target lesions in the left circumflex artery, patients with two target lesions, length of target lesions and length of stent positively correlated with in-stent restenosis risk, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol negatively associated with in-stent restenosis risk. Notably, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesteremia, SUA, HsCRP levels, and patients with two target lesions were independent predictive factors for in-stent restenosis risk by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Then, the in-stent restenosis risk prediction model was established based on these independent predictive factors, which exhibited an excellent value in predicting in-stent restenosis risk (area under the curve: 0.863; 95% CI: 0.779–0.848) by receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Conclusion

In-stent restenosis risk prediction model, consisting of diabetes mellitus, hypercholesteremia, SUA, HsCRP, and patients with two target lesions, may predict in-stent restenosis risk in patients with CHD who underwent post-PCI with EES.
Novel approaches for left atrial pressure relief: Device-based monitoring and management in heart failure
Authors: Miyagi Chihiro , Kuroda Taiyo , Karimov Jamshid H. , Fukamachi Kiyotaka
Published: August 2022

The importance of the left atrium (LA) has been emphasized in recent years as the features of heart failure (HF), especially with regard to variability in patient and pathology phenotypes, continue to be uncovered. Of note, among the population with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), pressure or size of the LA have become a target for advanced monitoring and a therapeutic approach. In the case of diastolic dysfunction or pulmonary hypertension, which are often observed in patients with HFpEF, a conventional approach with clinical symptoms and physical signs of decompensation turned out to have a poor correlation with LA pressure. Therefore, to optimize HF treatment for these populations, several devices that are applied directly to the LA have been developed. First, two LA pressure (LAP) sensors (Heart POD and V-LAP Device) were developed and may enable patient self-management remotely with LAP-guided and physician-directed style. Second, there are device-based approaches that aim to decompress the LA directly. These include: (1) interatrial shunt devices; (2) left ventricular assist devices with LA cannulation; and (3) the left atrial assist device. While these novel device-based therapies are not yet commercially available, there is expected to be a rise in the proposition and adoption of a wider range of choices for monitoring or treating LA using device-based options, based on LA dimensional reduction and optimization of the clinically significant pressure relief. Further development and evaluation are necessary to establish a more favorable management strategy for HF.
Evaluation of anthracycline-induced subclinical LV dysfunction by using myocardial composite index and two-dimension speckle tracking echocardiography technique
Authors: Zhu Jiabao , Xie Shuhui , Ji Hanzhen , Gu Xingxing , Wu Jing
Published: August 2022

Objective

To obtain various myocardial strain parameters by using two-dimension speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) technique, calculate the myocardial composite index (MCI) which combines the global longitudinal strain (GLS) of left ventricle and the left ventricular twist (LVtw), and evaluate their diagnostic efficacies for subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy.

Methods

A total of 35 female breast cancer patients, who underwent postoperative chemotherapy in the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery of Nantong Third People’s Hospital from September 2018 to December 2019 and had successful follow-up, were included into the chemotherapy group, and the patients were evaluated respectively at baseline and in early, interim and later chemotherapy stages according to the course of chemotherapy; in addition, 30 healthy women undergoing physical examination during the same period were included into the control group. In different chemotherapy stages, the data such as left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were collected by using conventional echocardiography, and various myocardial strain parameters such as GLS, global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain(GCS) and LVtw were measured using 2D-STE, and then MCI was calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the application values of various parameters in the diagnosis of early cardiotoxicity.

Results

There was a difference in MCI between patients at baseline and in the early chemotherapy stage; there were differences in GLS, LVtw and MCI between patients at baseline and in the interim chemotherapy stage; there were differences in four parameters such as MCI, GLS, LVtw and GCS between patients at baseline and in the later chemotherapy stage; The AUC of MCI was 0.915, when the cutoff value was –210.89 (%×°), the sensitivity and specificity were 84.37% and 90.41%, respectively.

Conclusion

MCI combines the longitudinal and torsional motions of myocardium, and thus has a better diagnostic value for early detection of subclinical LV dysfunction caused by anthracycline chemotherapy drugs compared with strain parameters in a single direction.
Preventive use of beta-blockers for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: A network meta-analysis
Authors: He Dongsheng , Hu Jun , Li Ying , Zeng Xiaofei
Published: August 2022

Background

Anthracyclines are commonly used chemotherapeutic agents to treat malignant tumors. However, cardiotoxicity is a potentially serious adverse effect of anthracyclines. Beta-blockers may be effective in preventing anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC). However, the lack of direct comparisons of various beta-blockers interferes with clinical decision-making. Network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to assess the effectiveness of beta-blockers for AIC.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials. The last update was in May 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of beta-blockers for AIC were included. Four beta-blockers were selected for comparison based on the number of studies. NMA was conducted with STATA 14.0 software.

Results

A total of 10 RCTs (875 patients) met the selection criteria. NMA results showed that carvedilol was superior to bisoprolol [SMD = −0.50, 95% CI (−0.91, −0.10)] and nebivolol [SMD = −1.46, 95%CI (−2.82, −0.11)] in a delay of LVEF. The results of the cumulative probability ordering are as follows: carvedilol (83.8%) > metoprolol (71.8%) > bisoprolol (43.9%) > placebo (40.9%) > nebivolol (9.5%).

Conclusion

Based on the available evidence, carvedilol is the best beta-blocker for AIC, followed by metoprolol. However, additional studies with large samples should be conducted to confirm our findings.
Incidence and outcomes of acute high-risk chest pain diseases during pregnancy and puerperium
Authors: Wu Shengyong , Xu Xudong , He Qian , Qin Yingyi , Wang Rui , Chen Jun , Chen Chenxin , Wu Cheng , Liu Suxuan
Published: August 2022

Aim

To investigate the incidence and outcomes of acute high-risk chest pain diseases, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), aortic dissection (AD), and pulmonary embolism (PE) during pregnancy and puerperium.

Methods

The National Inpatient Sample was queried to identify pregnancy-related hospitalizations from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2017. Temporal trends in the incidence and mortality of AMI, AD and PE were extracted.

Results

Among 41,174,101 hospitalizations, acute high-risk chest pain diseases were diagnosed in 40,285 (0.098%). The incidence increased from 79.92/100,000 in 2008 to 114.79/100,000 in 2017 (Ptrend < 0.0001). The most frequent was PE (86.5%), followed by AMI (9.6%) and AD (3.3%). The incidence of PE in pregnancy decreased after 2014 and was lower than AMI and AD, while its incidence in puerperium was higher than AMI and AD consistently (Ptrend < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis showed the incidence of these diseases was higher in black women, lowest-income households, and elderly parturients (Ptrend < 0.0001). The mortality decreased from 2.24% in 2008 to 2.21% in 2017 (Ptrend = 0.0240), exhibiting 200-fold higher than patients without these diseases. The following factors were significantly associated with these diseases: aged ≥ 45 years (OR, 4.25; 95%CI, 3.80–4.75), valvular disease (OR, 10.20; 95%CI, 9.73–10.70), and metastatic cancer (OR, 9.75; 95%CI, 7.78–12.22). The trend of elderly parturients increased from 14.94% in 2008 to 17.81% in 2017 (Ptrend < 0.0001), while no such up-trend was found in valvular disease and metastatic cancer.

Conclusion

The incidence of acute high-risk chest pain diseases, especially PE in puerperium, increased consistently. Although mortality has shown a downward trend, it is still at a high level. We should strengthen monitoring and management of acute high-risk pain diseases in pregnancy and puerperium, especially for black women, lowest-income households, and elderly parturients in the future.
Cardiac function and exercise capacity in patients with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Jiming , Wang Xing , Dong Bin , Liu Chen , Zhao Jingjing , Dong Yugang , Liang Weihao , Huang Huiling
Published: August 2022

Background

Metabolic syndrome is a pre-diabetes condition that is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to explore how exercise capacity, cardiac structure, and function were affected in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Methods

Outpatients with echocardiography and exercise stress test combined with impedance cardiography (ETT + ICGG) results available from Nov 2018 to Oct 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Echocardiographic, ETT + ICG profiles, and exercise performance were compared between patients with metabolic syndrome and the ones without. Sensitivity analyses were performed excluding patients without established coronary heart disease and further 1:1 paired for age and gender, respectively. Multiple linear regression was used to find out related predictors for maximal metabolic equivalents (METs).

Results

Three hundred and twenty-third patients were included, among whom 97 were diagnosed as metabolic syndrome. Compared to patients without metabolic syndrome, echocardiography showed that patients with metabolic syndrome had a significantly lower E/A ratio (p < 0.001). Besides, they have larger left atrium, larger right ventricle, and thicker interventricular septum (all p < 0.001), but similar left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.443). ICG showed that patients with metabolic syndrome had significantly higher stroke volume at rest and maximum (p < 0.001), higher left cardiac work index at rest and maximum (p = 0.005), higher systemic vascular resistance (SVR) at rest (p < 0.001), but similar SVI (p = 0.888). During exercise, patients with metabolic syndrome had lower maximal METs (p < 0.001), and a higher proportion suffering from ST-segment depression during exercise (p = 0.009). Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. As for the linear regression model, 6 independent variables (systolic blood pressure, BMI, E/A ratio, the height of O wave, the peak value of LCWi, and the baseline of SVR) had statistically significant effects on the maximal METs tested in exercise (R = 0.525, R2 = 0.246, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Patients with metabolic syndrome had significant structural alteration, apparent overburden of left ventricular work index, pre-and afterload, which may be the main cause of impaired exercise tolerance.
Hospital cybersecurity risks and gaps: Review (for the non-cyber professional)
Authors: Wasserman Liat , Wasserman Yair
Published: August 2022

Background

Healthcare is facing a growing threat of cyberattacks. Myriad data sources illustrate the same trends that healthcare is one of the industries with the highest risk of cyber infiltration and is seeing a surge in security incidents within just a few years. The circumstances thus begged the question: are US hospitals prepared for the risks that accompany clinical medicine in cyberspace?

Objective

The study aimed to identify the major topics and concerns present in today's hospital cybersecurity field, intended for non-cyber professionals working in hospital settings.

Methods

Via structured literature searches of the National Institutes of Health's PubMed and Tel Aviv University's DaTa databases, 35 journal articles were identified to form the core of the study. Databases were chosen for accessibility and academic rigor. Eighty-seven additional sources were examined to supplement the findings.

Results

The review revealed a basic landscape of hospital cybersecurity, including primary reasons hospitals are frequent targets, top attack methods, and consequences hospitals face following attacks. Cyber technologies common in healthcare and their risks were examined, including medical devices, telemedicine software, and electronic data. By infiltrating any of these components of clinical care, attackers can access mounds of information and manipulate, steal, ransom, or otherwise compromise the records, or can use the access to catapult themselves to deeper parts of a hospital's network. Issues that can increase healthcare cyber risks, like interoperability and constant accessibility, were also identified. Finally, strategies that hospitals tend to employ to combat these risks, including technical, financial, and regulatory, were explored and found to be weak. There exist serious vulnerabilities within hospitals' technologies that many hospitals presently fail to address. The COVID-19 pandemic was used to further illustrate this issue.

Conclusions

Comparison of the risks, strategies, and gaps revealed that many US hospitals are unprepared for cyberattacks. Efforts are largely misdirected, with external—often governmental—efforts negligible. Policy changes, e.g., training employees in cyber protocols, adding advanced technical protections, and collaborating with several experts, are necessary. Overall, hospitals must recognize that, in cyber incidents, the real victims are the patients. They are at risk physically and digitally when medical devices or treatments are compromised.
Refined assessment of potential evapotranspiration in the tarim basin
Authors: Huo Wen , Zhi Xiefei , Hu Shunqi , Cai Wenyue , Yang Fan , Zhou Chenglong , MamtiMin Ali , He Qing , Pan Honglin , Song Meiqi , Wen Cong , Wang Yu , Yang Xinghua , Meng Lu
Published: August 2022

As an important part of surface hydrothermal process, the study of evapotranspiration has been paid more attention, and it has an important reference value for the optimal allocation of regional water resources. It hinders the accurate assessment of evapotranspiration in arid zones and its response to climate change because human activities have changed the original underlying surface of deserts and increased the complexity of calculations. In this study, the encrypted observations of natural sand land (hereinafter referred to as NSL) and constructed green land (hereinafter referred to as CGL) in the heartland of the Taklimakan Desert were analyzed by the Penman-Monteith-H (PM-H) numerical model to accurately assess the applicability of the evapotranspiration calculation method to different underlying surfaces, analyze the associated errors, and quantify the effects and contributions of the main impacting meteorological factors on the evapotranspiration calculation. Our study finds that the PM-H algorithm exhibits good applicability in Tarim Basin, where the vegetation growth period significantly affects evapotranspiration. The evapotranspiration calculation is positively affected by the difference between saturated and actual vapor pressures and the 2-m mean wind speed and negatively affected by the 2-m mean temperature and gradient of saturated water pressure. Based on high-resolution grid data, the applicability of the PM-H algorithm has been improved, and our calculations show that the mean annual potential evapotranspiration in the Tarim Basin is 2,750 mm.
Effects of female obesity on conception, pregnancy and the health of offspring
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhang Xing , Zhou Baotong , Ge Bo , Tian Jing , Chen Jian
Published: August 2022

As we all know, female obesity has become a global epidemic, which is usually accompanied with endocrine and metabolic disorders. Obese women are more likely to experience reproductive problems, including infertility, embryonic developmental defects and abnormality in offspring. Female obesity is a complex multifactorial condition, where there are many mechanisms involved in the effects of overweight and obesity on the development of these reproductive disorders. The insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and hyperandrogenism, lipotoxicity and inflammation are important mechanisms. However, the precise mechanism concerning their correlation is still unclear. Fortunately, weight loss methods have been found to reverse the effects of maternal obesity on the fertility, fetus and offspring.
Gut microbiota: A new target for T2DM prevention and treatment
Authors: Liu Lulu , Zhang Jiheng , Cheng Yi , Zhu Meng , Xiao Zhifeng , Ruan Guangcong , Wei Yanling
Published: August 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one of the fastest growing metabolic diseases, has been characterized by metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance (IR). In recent years, T2DM has become the fastest growing metabolic disease in the world. Studies have indicated that patients with T2DM are often associated with intestinal flora disorders and dysfunction involving multiple organs. Metabolites of the intestinal flora, such as bile acids (BAs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and amino acids (AAs)may influence to some extent the decreased insulin sensitivity associated with T2DM dysfunction and regulate metabolic as well as immune homeostasis. In this paper, we review the changes in the gut flora in T2DM and the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota modulates metabolites affecting T2DM, which may provide a basis for the early identification of T2DM-susceptible individuals and guide targeted interventions. Finally, we also highlight gut microecological therapeutic strategies focused on shaping the gut flora to inform the improvement of T2DM progression.
Active power control from wind farms for damping very low-frequency oscillations
Authors: Duggan Connor , Liu Xueqin Amy , Best Robert , Brogan Paul , Morrow John
Published: August 2022

Timely remote activation of frequency response, provided by converter-based generation, can improve the damping of very low-frequency (VLF) oscillations. The research presented is based on both power system models and actual data from phasor measurement units (PMU) on the Irish power system. The performance of active power control (APC) is investigated, and variations in wind speed, droop, time lag and resource capacity demonstrate their effectiveness at damping wide-spectrum VLF modes. PMU data that captures the activation and deactivation of APC at wind farms is presented and analyzed; it demonstrates how APC control effectively dampens VLF modes on the Irish system. These observations are supported by sensitivity analysis carried out a power system model in DIgSILENT PowerFactory. These results demonstrate the improvement in VLF mode stability that APC can provide at wind generation. It is demonstrated that minimal amounts of generation curtailment and modest droop settings are sufficient to see substantial VLF mode damping. Index Terms—Active Power Control, Oscillation damping, Very Low-Frequency Oscillations, PMU.