bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lessons Learnt and Evolution of Liner While Drilling Technology from a Pilot Project in India
Authors: Pawandeep Singh Bagga , Srikanth Thanvi , Kjetil Holden , Sarang Pethe
Published: September 2024

Objectives/Scope

The Mumbai High field, India, indeed poses significant challenges for drilling and liner running operations due to the problematic heterogenous formation and unstable sub hydrostatic loss prone zones. They can contain cavities, faults, and variable rock properties, making it challenging to predict the formation's behavior accurately. The formation pressure prediction is also tough due to depleted condition.

Methods, Procedures, Process

Using "Liner While Drilling" technology as a pilot project to drill in troublesome formations was seen as a promising approach to address the unique challenges presented by such formations. Deploying this technology as a pilot project demonstrated the commitment to innovation and a proactive approach to address drilling problems by the operator. It was important to ensure that the technology was well-integrated into the drilling program and that the personnel involved were adequately trained to make the most of the real-time data and capabilities it offers. The success of the pilot project may inform future drilling strategies in the field and potentially lead to more efficient and cost-effective drilling practices.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

The liner while drilling service is a sustainable technology which combines 4.75in rotary steerable system BHA (Bottom Hole Assembly) with various logging tools, 8.75inhole opener/reamer, a mud motor, and a 7inliner with 8.5in reamer bit to help overcome the challenges while drilling in zones with low formation pressure and unstable formations. Running the liner while drilling helps maintain wellbore stability and reduces open hole exposure. It is also beneficial in reducing the time required by eliminating extra trips as the liner is installed at Target Depth in the first run. Additional runs ensure Cementing the well and then Setting of Hanger along with packer for well completion.

Novel/Additive Information

A multidisciplinary team used an intense Prejob planning process to examine all potential risks, including liner fatigue, LCM in the drilling mud, BHA Design and Stability, Drilling Dynamics etc. Numerous simulations and analyses of torque and drag, pressure, hydraulics, and maximum bending fatigue were conducted to identify the optimal equipment and Drilling Parameters. The paper discusses details of Liner while Drilling Technology and its evolution in India from Three Trip System to Two Trip System Benefitting the operator for superior and faster well Delivery. The paper also covers lessons learnt from the project and an evaluation of how Liner While Drilling Technology can help operator to deliver the complicated wells.
Haynesville Shale: 16-Year Review of Activity and Well Performance
Authors: Vera Fabian , Mire P.E. Kurt
Published: September 2024

Sixteen (16) years of Haynesville Shale development activity has been analyzed. Type curves (production normalized to year zero) were created to understand well performance for various areas, operators and time periods. Changes in well design and production performance trends each year were documented for the top producing counties/parishes and the top thirteen (13) well operators. Drilling activity peaked in 2011 and the current rig count of thirty-three (33) is on a down trend. This analysis shows that well performance trends have reached a maximum point and are now declining. New well reserves peaked in 2019 at 12.5 BCF per well and initial production rates peaked in 2022 at 22,600 MCFD. Current new well drilling economics were also investigated. With current well costs and gas prices, drilling investments show a robust internal rate of return of 30%, a return on investment of 1.6 to 1 and a net present value (PV10%) of over $4.2 million.
Leveraging Large Language Models for Cost Management and Supply Chain Optimization
Authors: Shahini Maryam , Wang Carina Yu , Roeder Marc A. , Pethe Sanjay , Coffman Sarah W. , Howard Preston , Hu Bo , Wasserman Hannah N. , Arnwine Joshua
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we introduce a cutting-edge solution to the complex challenge of managing operational costs in unconventional asset development, particularly concerning continuous well drilling, completion, and field maintenance operations within the oil and gas sector. These complicated field operations involve hundreds of service providers and incur vast volumes of invoices every year. Tremendous values are lost due to missed opportunities to improve contracting strategy, optimize material and equipment supplies, and identify cost-prohibitive design elements during drilling, completion, production, and plant maintenance through proper spend categorization.

Leveraging the power of a machine learning solution, Large Language Model (LLM), and an interactive user interface, we automate the challenging task of categorizing millions of invoices from diverse service providers. Techniques including sentence transformation embedding, transfer learning, fine-tuning, and re-training process are employed to enhance model performance and adaptability to diverse invoice types.

Through rigorous model training and iterative refinement facilitated by the user interface, our approach attains an impressive accuracy exceeding 90% across all regions. Results prove that the Large Language Model has a wide application in business optimization during unconventional asset development. This automated algorithm provides real-time insights through spending and significantly reduces the turnaround time. This study also enables direct identification of cost-saving opportunities such as potential reductions in fuel expenses related to drilling and completion activities. The advanced analytics capabilities following the modeling effort allow engineers and analysts in multiple functions to identify cost-saving opportunities through customizing visualization tools in various areas.

This paper presents original methodology to adopt the Artificial Intelligence, i.e., Large Language Model, in the oil and gas industry and demonstrate its values with case histories.
Initial Start-Up of India's First Deepwater Oil Field - Addressing Flow Assurance Challenges with Innovative Strategies
Authors: Ansari Adnan Z. , Bandaru S. , Rathod P. R , Nischal R.
Published: September 2024

The M-field development plan involves an FPSO located in 400 meters of water, with five subsea oil wells connected through a 10-inch dual flowline system in a daisy chain configuration tied back to the FPSO using flexible risers. This paper describes the flow assurance challenges associated with the start-up of deepwater oil field in India, as well as presenting the novel approaches utilized to overcome these to ensure the successful commencement of oil production.

Initial start-up strategy involves a phased approach to opening four wells, employing a gradual opening and well bean-up strategy over a period of 32-36 hours to achieve the desired ramped-up production rates. Transient simulations using OLGA model to predict flow behaviors in various field sections and address flow assurance challenges during the initial well start-up phase. Simulations identified a significant risk of slugging, characterized by cyclic zero-gas arrival at the FPSO. Additionally, the simulations indicated possibility of temperatures remaining below the treated pour point during the well bean-up process, which could lead to wax gelation within the network.

Transient simulations were utilized to develop a flow assurance strategy to address challenges encountered during the start-up phase. It was deemed essential that mitigating slugging would not only guarantee uninterrupted operations at the FPSO but also reduce the likelihood of wax deposition. The primary objective of flow assurance is to uphold the design flow conditions from the onset of production, thereby keeping the subsea system temperature above the Wax Appearing Temperature (WAT). As part of the standard operating procedure, the circulation of hot diesel in the dual pipeline system through the FPSO is established to pre-heat the pipelines before initiating well start-up. Nevertheless, a significant challenge that remains unresolved is the occurrence of slugging during the ramp-up phase, leading to rapid cooling in the pipeline system. To address this issue and ensure the maintenance of design flow conditions from the outset, continuous circulation of hot diesel along with topside choke optimization at FPSO during the initial start-up phase until production reaches the desired level will not only alleviate slug flow condition but also eliminate low-temperature conditions in the subsea system. This approach will consequently reduce the propensity for wax deposition and promote a seamless commencement of operations.

With implementation of this strategy, successful commencement of the oil production from the country's first deepwater field is achieved. The lessons learned during start-up operation are a combination of work-around, benchmarking of field data with predicted simulation results, and general operational experiences related to flow assurance.
Syncytia Formation Promotes Virus Resistance to Interferon and Neutralizing Antibodies
Authors: Yewdell Jon W. , Li Tiansheng , Kang Insung , Hu Zhe , Gibbs James , Ye Chengjin , Kosik Ivan , Shi Guoli , Holly Jaroslav , Kosikova Martina , Compton Alex , Sobrido-Martinez Luis , Johnson Reed , Xie Hang
Published: September 2024

SARS-CoV-2, like many viruses, generates syncytia. Using SARS-CoV-2 and Spike (S) expressing recombinant vesicular stomatitis and influenza A viruses, we show that S-mediated syncytia formation provides resistance to interferons in cultured cells, human small airway-derived air-liquid interface cultures and hACE2 transgenic mice. Amino acid substitutions that modulate fusogenicity in Delta- and Omicron-derived S have parallel effects on viral interferon resistance. Syncytia formation also decreases antibody virus neutralization activity in cultured cells. These findings explain the continued selection of fusogenic variants during SARS-CoV-2 evolution in humans and, more generally, the evolution of fusogenic viruses despite the adverse effects of syncytia formation on viral replication in the absence of innate or adaptive immune pressure.
Double Key Pair and Hidden Modulus RSA Cryptosystem
Authors: Awulachew Getaneh , Asferaw Samuel
Published: September 2024

Data security is that the primary concern of every individual and organization. To assure the security of data, cryptography is the prime mechanism. RSA is most widely accepted as a reliable asymmetric key cryptography. Since, its reliability depends on the hardness of factoring large common modulus which is accessible for the public, this accessibility of the common modulus could exposed RSA to various cryptanalysis attacks: Shor’s quantum polynomial-time algorithm, D-Wave quantum computer attacks, double encryption attack, and low private exponent attack. To address this weaknesses, this paper proposes an asymmetric key cryptosystem named as Double Key Pair and Hidden Modulus RSA (DKPHM-RSA) which introduces additional key pair, and the public mask modulus which is a pseudo random masking number derived from real modulus. Replacing the second real modulus, this derived public mask modulus is introduced in a second public key component; as a result, a second real modulus kept hidden from the public unlike the case in RSA. To improve data security, additional public key exponent along with public mask modulus are used for second encryption while additional private key with additional real modulus is used for the first decryption process. For performance analysis Net bean IDE 8.2 is used, and the proposed DKPHM-RSA algorithm is compared with state-of-the-art algorithms: RSA, ESRKGS, HRM-RSA, and MRSA based on key generation speed, encryption speed, decryption speed, time complexity, resistance to attacks, and avalanche effect. The performance analysis shows that DKPHM-RSA is less complex and highly secured than state-of-the-art algorithms. It improves key generation speed of ESRKGS, and MRSA by 298%, 31%; encryption time of RSA, ESRKGS, MRSA, HRM-RSA by 34%, 263%, 1331%, 33%; decryption speed of ESRKGS, MRSA by 51%, 404%, respectively.
Harmonizing Material Quantity and Terahertz Wave Interference Shielding Efficiency with Metallic Borophene Nanosheets
Authors: Chen Huanjun , Lin Haojian , Wang Ximiao , Cao Zhaolong , Zhu Hongjia , Wu Jiahao , Zhan Runze , Xu Ningsheng , Deng Shao-Zhi , Liu Fei
Published: September 2024

Materials with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding in the terahertz (THz) regime, while minimizing the quantity used, are highly demanded for future information communication, healthcare and mineral resource exploration applications. Currently, there is often a trade-off between the amount of material used and the absolute EMI shielding effectiveness (EESt) for the EMI shielding materials. Here, we address this trade-off by harnessing the unique properties of two-dimensional (2D) β12-borophene (β12-Br) nanosheets. Leveraging β12-Br’s light weight and exceptional electron mobility characteristics, which represent among the highest reported values to date, we simultaneously achieve a THz EMI shield effectiveness (SE) of 70 dB and an EESt of 4.8 × 105 dB·cm2/g (@0.87 THz) using a β12-Br polymer composite. This surpasses the values of previously reported THz shielding materials with an EESt less than 3 × 105 dB·cm2/g and a SE smaller than 60 dB, while only needs 0.1 wt.% of these materials to realize the same SE value. Furthermore, by capitalizing on the composite’s superior mechanical properties, with 158% tensile strain at a Young’s modulus of 33 MPa, we demonstrate the high-efficiency shielding performances of conformably coated surfaces based on β12-Br nanosheets, suggesting their great potential in EMI shielding area.
Role of Behavioral Intention in Implementation of Green Information Systems among Malaysians
Authors: Gopinathan Sharmini , Veeraya Segaran , Raman Murali , Jambulingam Manimekalai
Published: September 2024

Significant advancements in Information Technology (IT) have improved work processes, efficiency, and business operations, but these advancements bring environmental sustainability issues. IT's role in climate change, resource management, waste production, and public health is critical yet often overlooked. Excessive energy use in IT operations contributes to negative environmental impacts. This research focuses on analyzing the behavioral determinants influencing information and communication technology (ICT) employees' participation in Green Information System (Green IS) practices in Malaysia. Additionally, it seeks to ascertain whether Malaysian ICT employees have a clear intention of incorporating Green IS in a bid to combat the aforementioned issues and guarantee the viability of a sustainable green environment. The study surveyed over 500 ICT employees from various Malaysian companies, with 183 responses analysed. Using PLS, the research examined four Technology Readiness Index (TRI) constructs—Optimism, Innovativeness, Insecurity, and Discomfort. Results indicated that Optimism and Innovativeness positively affected attitudes towards Green IS, while Insecurity had a negative impact. Discomfort showed no notable results. The findings revealed that subjective norms significantly influence Malaysian ICT employees more than perceived behavioral control. Attitude was a full mediator between TRI components and the willingness to implement Green IS. The study provides new insights into the TRI’s application in Green IS and highlights attitude's mediating role. Ultimately, the research suggests that attitude indirectly influences the genuine intention to adopt Green IS among Malaysian ICT employees. These findings are expected to promote the broader adoption of green technologies and raise public awareness about environmental sustainability.
Long non-coding RNA HOXC-AS1 promotes the malignancy by sponging miR-195-5p with ANLN in esophageal cancer
Authors: Kuang Feng , Guo Hongwei , Chen Qu , Lai Yiquan , Jing Ran , Huang Lei
Published: September 2024

Long non-coding RNA HOXC cluster antisense RNA 1 (HOXC-AS1) has been found to be upregulated in gastric and prostate cancer, but its role in esophageal cancer (EC) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the expression and biological functions of HOXC-AS1 in EC. HOXC-AS1 expression was measured using qRT-PCR in EC cell lines. The effects of HOXC-AS1 on EC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, as well as tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, were assessed using MTT, EdU, transwell, wound healing assays, and animal models. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to explore the mechanism of action of HOXC-AS1 in EC. HOXC-AS1 was found to be upregulated in EC tissues according to TCGA database analysis. It exhibited abundant expression in EC cell lines. Suppression of HOXC-AS1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EC cells in vitro, as well as constrained tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, HOXC-AS1 functioned as a sponge for miR-195-5p, and the anillin actin-binding protein (ANLN) was identified as a direct target of miR-195-5p. Inhibition of miR-195-5p or upregulation of ANLN reversed the repressive effects of HOXC-AS1 knockdown on malignant behaviors of EC cells. This study reveals that HOXC-AS1 promotes the progression of EC through modulation of the miR-195-5p/ANLN axis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for EC treatment.
Privacy-by-design generation of two virtual clinical trials in multiple sclerosis and their release as open datasets
Authors: Demuth Stanislas , Rousseau Olivia , Faddeenkov Igor , Paris Julien , Sèze Jérôme , Baciotti Béatrice , Payet Marianne , Guillaudeux Morgan , Barreteau Alban-Félix , Laplaud David , Edan Gilles , Gourraud Pierre-Antoine
Published: September 2024

Sharing information provided by individual patient data is restricted by regulatory frameworks due to privacy concerns. Generative artificial intelligence could generate shareable virtual patient populations, as proxies of sensitive reference datasets. Explicit demonstration of privacy is demanded. Here, we determined whether a privacy-by-design technique called “avatars” can generate synthetic randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We generated 2160 synthetic datasets from two RCTs in multiple sclerosis (NCT00213135 and NCT00906399) with different configurations to select one synthetic dataset with optimal privacy and utility for each. Several privacy metrics were computed, including protection against distance-based membership inference attacks. We assessed utility by comparing variable distributions and checking that all of the endpoints reported in the publications had the same effect directions, were within the reported 95% confidence intervals, and had the same statistical significance. Protection against membership inference attacks was the hardest privacy metric to optimize, but the technique yielded robust privacy and replication of the primary endpoints. With optimized generation configurations, we could select one dataset from each RCT replicating all efficacy endpoints of the placebo and commercial treatment arms with a satisfying privacy. To show the potential to unlock health data sharing, we released both placebo arms as open datasets.
Heat stress: an underestimated impact of climate change on vegetation
Authors: Viovy Nicolas , Ciais Philippe , Bastos Ana , Maignan Fabienne , Bacour Cedric , Peaucelle Marc
Published: September 2024

Heat stress occurs when plants experience temperature beyond their normal optimum and can disrupt cell functioning and growth. Exposure to extreme heat results in reduced plant productivity and can have lagged effects through accelerated leaf senescence Teskey et al (2014) Rao et al
(2023). Few studies exist on evaluation of impact of heat stress at the global scale. It not fully understood, and is thereby only partially represented in land surface models. Detecting the impact of heat stress from space-borne observations is challenging, since it co-occurs with other
stressors, such as low water availability. In this paper, we define a method that allows to detect the long term impact of heat stress at the global scale from remote sensing data by disentangling the heat stress effect on vegetation from other covariates, particularly drought. We show that,
when maximum surface temperature exceeds a threshold of around 43°C, heat stress is detected on satellite estimates of Leaf Area Index (LAI). Locally, we observe a different critical temperature at which Leaf damage occurs suggesting an acclimation of plants to heat stress. Based on the observed impact of heat stress on leaf foliage, by implementing this relationship in the ORCHIDEE land surface model, we simulated a limited impact of leaf heat damages on net primary productivity (NPP) until the beginning of the 21st century followed by a rapid increase in
the last two decades (2000-2020). Simulations for future climate suggest that, if the heat effect on NPP at the global scale is limited (below 2% for RCP 8.5), regionally the impact can be high with up to 25% of reduction of the annual NPP for instance in China and western US.
This study emphasizes that we should, in the future, pay more attention to the direct impact of heat stress on leaves and not only to the effect of drought on the negative impact of climate change on vegetation.
Contraction of the world’s storm-cloud zones the primary contributor to the 21st century increase in the Earth’s sunlight absorption
Authors: Tselioudis George , Remillard Jasmine , Jakob Christian , Rossow William
Published: September 2024

Observations of the Earth’s energy budget from the CERES instrument have shown that since the beginning of the 21st century the amount of sunlight absorbed by the Earth has been increasing at a rate of about 0.45 W/m2 per decade, caused primarily by a decrease in sunlight reflection by clouds. This increase is a main component of the increase in the Earth’s Energy Imbalance by about 0.5 W/m2 between the first and second decades of the century. We analyze the CERES radiative budget trends of the past 23 years, with the objective to separate the contribution to those trends of changes in the large-scale atmospheric circulation and in local-scale cloud controlling processes. Regimes of large cloud cover and strong cloud radiative cooling are defined in the low latitude and the high latitude zones, representing the tropical rainy zone and the midlatitude storm zones respectively, and the trends in the areal coverage of those regimes over the past 23 years are examined along with the trends in the cloud solar radiative effect within each regime. This allows the decomposition of the global solar cloud radiative trends into circulation induced changes and those induced by local-scale processes. The results show that the circulation component of the cloud radiative changes, which manifests itself as a contraction of the midlatitude storm zones and the tropical rainy zone, is the dominant term in the solar reflection trend causing decreased sunlight reflection of 0.37 W/m2 per decade. The discovery of this component provides a crucial missing piece in the puzzle of the 21st century increase of the Earth’s Energy Imbalance and points to the large effect that even small atmospheric circulation changes have on the Earth’s warming climate.
Mapping the Landscape of Esophageal Cancer Research Collaboration: Insights from a Network Analysis of 49,062 Publications
Authors: Ogasawara Naruaki
Published: September 2024

Aim: To map the collaborative landscape of esophageal cancer research by analyzing co-authorship networks from 2000 to 2023, based on data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection, and to identify key contributors and the structural characteristics of these networks.
Method: This study utilized network analysis techniques to evaluate 49,062 publications related to esophageal cancer indexed in the WoS Core Collection between 2000 and 2023. The analysis was conducted using Python (Version 3.10.5) in the PyCharm development environment (Software Version 2022.1.3). The co-authorship networks were assessed using macro-level indicators such as network density (the ratio of actual to possible connections), clustering coefficient (degree of node clustering), number of components (distinct connected subgroups), and average path length (average distance between nodes). Micro-level indicators including degree centrality (importance based on the number of connections), closeness centrality (proximity to other nodes), and betweenness centrality (frequency of a node on the shortest paths between others) were also analyzed.
Result: The network analysis revealed a sparse collaboration landscape with significant fragmentation across the study periods. The network density remained low throughout the years, reflecting limited collaborations relative to the potential. High clustering coefficients suggested that when collaborations occurred, they often formed tight-knit groups. The number of components increased over time, indicating growing fragmentation within the research community. Key contributors identified through degree and closeness centralities included prominent researchers with extensive networks, while those with high betweenness centrality played pivotal roles in connecting disparate research clusters. The evolving patterns demonstrated changes in collaborative behavior and the emergence of new influential figures.
Conclusion: This study highlights the complex and fragmented nature of esophageal cancer research collaboration from 2000 to 2023. While clusters of active collaboration exist, the overall network shows limited integration, suggesting opportunities for enhancing global cooperation. Identifying key researchers and understanding the structure of these networks can guide future collaborative efforts, potentially accelerating advancements in esophageal cancer research.
Machine Learning Microplastic Characterisation Surpasses Human Performance and Uncovers Labelling Errors in Public FTIR Data
Authors: Fong Wye-Khay , Herb Frithjof , Boley Mario
Published: September 2024

Microplastics are ubiquitous and appear to be harmful, however, the full extent
to which these inflict harm has not been fully elucidated. Analysing environmental
sample data is challenging, as the complexity in data makes both automated
and manual analysis either unreliable or time-consuming. To address challenges
in data analysis, we explored the use of a dense feed-forward neural network on
a diverse dataset of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic data. The model
makes predictions that are probabilistic multi-category vectors, emulating onehot
encodings for each of the classes, thereby indicating the probability of a given
sample belonging to a known class. Our results indicate that this model outperforms
human classification performance for environmental microplastic FTIR
data. This is assumed as the model broadly reproduces human decisions, while
also revealing systematic errors in human interpretations. These uncovered errors
indicate that for a model making informed and reliable decisions, there exists an
artificial limit to the realistically achievable performance in metrics, where metrics
measure agreement between human and model predictions. This work indicates
an enormous potential for a small and highly efficient dense feed-forward neural
networks in making reliable and fast analysis of large volumes of complex FTIR
data accessible.
Estimating the transfer factor of natural radionuclides from soil to food chain pathways at a farmland in the southwestern Nigeria
Authors: O. Oladapo O. , K. Lawal M. , O. Ajiboye , A. Aremu A. , A. Oni E. , S. Ayanlola P.
Published: September 2024

The transfer factors of naturally existing radionuclides (NRs) from soil to food chain pathways on a farmland in southwestern Nigeria were estimated by measuring the activity concentrations of NRs in 20 soil samples taken from the study site using sodium iodide NaI(Ti) spectrometer detector. According to the results, the mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K were 12.53 ± 4.66 Bq/kg, 20.76 ± 7.51 Bq/kg, and 310.79 ± 85.91Bq/kg, respectively. These results fell below the recommended upper limit of NRs in soil. The calculated outdoor absorbed dose rate (DR), radium equivalent activity (Re) and gamma representative index (\(\:{\text{I}}_{{\gamma\:}}\)) were 32.02nGyh− 1, 66.15 Bq/kg and 0.5 Bq/kg respectively. The DR, Re and Iγ were within the recommended range. The activity concentrations of 238U and 232Th in the vegetation and in the meat and milk produced by grazing animals on the farm were estimated. 238U and 232Th were estimated to be present in vegetation at concentrations of 0.2572 and 1.9049 (Bq/kg), respectively; in cow milk produced from cow grazing at the research site, the concentrations were 2.408 and 1.714 (Bq/L) and; in cow meat, they were 0.802 and 0.175 (Bq/kg). These values are considerably safe and may not pose significant health concerns when food processed at the study site is consumed. The calculated transfer factors from soil into vegetation for 238U and 232Th were 0.02 and 0.0903 respectively while those from soil into cow milk were 1.902e− 4 and 8.256e− 6, respectively; those from soil into cow meat were 6.4e− 5 and 8.43e− 7 respectively.
Implementing a Pass-Through Mechanism to Mitigate Ransomware-Induced Encryption on NTFS
Authors: Lerivi Vincenzo , Vasquez Eduardo , Hoffmann Lucas , Caruso Alessandro
Published: September 2024

Ransomware attacks have increasingly exploited the NT File System (NTFS) to encrypt critical data, leading to significant disruptions and financial losses across various sectors. The introduction of a pass-through mechanism offers a novel and effective approach to mitigating such threats through directly interfacing with NTFS to monitor and intercept unauthorized encryption attempts in real time. The proposed mechanism was evaluated in a controlled environment, demonstrating a high detection rate against various ransomware strains and minimal impact on system performance. Its capability to distinguish between legitimate and malicious encryption activities, combined with swift file recovery functionality, reinforced its potential as a robust solution for NTFS security. Despite some challenges related to false positives and system overhead, the mechanism's integration within NTFS showcases a promising advancement in enhancing file system resilience against ransomware. Future work may focus on adaptive learning algorithms to further improve detection accuracy and extending support to other file systems, broadening the scope of its application in cybersecurity.
The “breathing” Earth (la terra che respira) at Solfatara-Pisciarelli (Campi Flegrei, southern Italy) during 2005-2024: Nature’s way of attenuating the effects of bradyseism through gradual and episodic release of subsurface pressure.
Authors: Lima A. , Bodnar R.J. , De Vivo B. , Spera F.J. , Belkin H.E.
Published: September 2024

Campi Flegrei (CF) is a large volcanic complex west of Naples, in a densely populated region at high volcanic risk due to recurrent ground uplift and subsidence (bradyseism) that has been ongoing since at least Greek-Roman times. We compare the current period of unrest beginning in 2005 with that of the bradyseism crisis of 1982-84. Despite the similarity in the quasi-radially symmetric pattern of ground deformation suggesting a similar source location and overpressure, the current uplift rate is about 8 times lower, and the seismic release energy is an order of magnitude lower than in 1982-84, and mainly located in isolated regions below the Solfatara-Pisciarelli area. We interpret the recent earthquake swarms at Solfatara-Pisciarelli as a reflection of the activation of a fault system that was inactive during previous bradyseism crises. Furthermore, the increase of Solfatara-Pisciarelli fumarole mass flux is the manifestation of fluid discharge that significantly reduces the uplift rate of the ongoing bradyseism event. As a result, the effects of bradyseism in the CF system have self-attenuated through increased fluid expulsion (“breathing or exhalation”) from the deep lithostatically-pressured reservoir. Having gained a clear understanding of the causes of bradyseism at CF, we suggest that modern geoengineering approaches developed to exploit high-temperature geothermal reservoirs may be employed to manage fluid flow and reduce the pressure exerted by geothermal fluids in the Solfatara-Pisciarelli area with the aim of minimizing the risk of phreatic eruptions and, concomitantly, reducing uplift and seismicity. This approach requires concerted and cooperative efforts between geoscientists, engineers, government officials, and the general public.
CONTROLE DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA: FATOR DE RESPONSABILIDADE FISCAL
Authors: Batista Daniel Gerhard , Miranda Alberto Magno
Published: September 2024

O controle pode ser entendido como uma forma de se organizar, separar e assegurar que o procedimento em análise está sendo conduzido de forma consistente e coerente com os objetivos pretendidos e propostos, com a forma de organização de cada órgão e de maneira a maximizar os recursos, minimizando os erros e omissões. Esse controle está presente dentro e fora das organizações, mas na administração pública há determinação legal do Controle Interno e Externo. O Controle Interno se refere aos procedimentos individualizados para cada entidade pública e reflete o comprometimento do gestor com a gestão fiscal responsável e defesa do patrimônio, onde esse tem de fornecer uma segurança á contabilidade e conferir a exatidão da escrituração, evitando fraudes (ou desfalques) e, se ocorrido, apresenta formas para solucioná-las. Já o Controle Externo se materializa pela conferência por meio dos inspetores de órgãos externos, tais como Tribunal de Contas, Ministério Público e Câmara Municipal, dentre outros, sobre as contas do município. Este trabalho temo objetivo de dissertar o que seja os referidos controles na administração pública.
RENTABILIDADE DA CAFEICULTURA TRADICIONAL NA REGIÃO SUL DE MINAS GERAIS NO PERÍODO DE 1995 A 2004
Authors: Gonçalves Múcio Tosta , Pontes Rodrigo de Almeida , Miranda Alberto Magno Borges
Published: September 2024

A cafeicultura mineira registrou na ultima década uma sucessio de preços que remuneram a atividade, Chegando a registrar em 2002 o menor preço recebido pelos produtores nos últimos 30 anos. Desta forma, o período de 1995 a 2004 caracterizou-se por uma brutal transferência de tenda dos cafeicultores, e em especial dos produtores de Minas Gerais (o maior produtor nacional), para as empresas internacionais compradoras do produto e para os  países consumidores. A partir da análise das condigöes de evolução da produção e da  tecnologia adotada pelos produtores tradicionais de café, o presente artigo tem como objetivo  analisar a rentabilidade obtida do café do sul de Minas Gerais (maior região produtora do  estado). A investigaqäo foi realizada por meio da análise do custo médio de produto, das  relações de troca e dos valores de venda do produto, e suas implicações no desempenho  econômico de lavouras de café arábica que utilizam um sistema tradicional de produção. Pretende-se através desta análise, sensibilizar as diversas lideranças que representam os  segmentos da cadeia de produção do café em Minas Gerais; os poderes públicos, produtores e  técnicos envolvidos com a atividade, visando formulação de políticas públicas e privadas,  que minimizem a ocorrência dos efeitos danosos ocorridos neste período e sua repetição num  futuro próximo.
UTILIZANDO KHAN ACADEMY EM UMA ESCOLA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Hannas Anandy Kassis de Faria Alvim , Oliveira Fernando Jerri de , Silva Izadora Cristina Corrêa , Souza José Carlos de , Borges Lidiane Hott de Fúcio , Hannas Thales Reis
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da utilização da plataforma virtual de aprendizagem Khan Academy pelos alunos de uma escola privada do ensino fundamental e médio, em uma tentativa de verificar se a mesma pode ser utilizada tanto para dirimir dúvidas, quanto para obter uma maior motivação dos alunos no estudo de matemática.
Naphthoxazoles Derived from Lapachol as Fluorescent DNA Probes: Synthesis and Binding Studies with Calf Thymus DNA
Authors: G. Guimarães Délis , L. A. Santos Victória , S. Simplicio Sidney , A. Gonsalves Arlan , J. S. Gouveia João , B. Almeida Fernanda , A. Gusmão Luiza , C. Tedesco Antonio , L. Primo Fernando , A. Rolim Larissa , R. M. Araújo Cleônia
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated the potential of naphthoxazoles derived from lapachol as fluorescent deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) probes. We synthesized three 2-substituted naphthoxazoles: one with a phenyl group (LOX1), and two with 2-hydroxyphenyl (LOX2) and 4-fluorophenyl (LOX3) groups, respectively. The compounds were synthesized using the Debus-Radziszewski reaction between the lapachol and aldehydes. The quantum yield (Φf) was determined using the classical relative method with 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) as the standard, and the fluorescence lifetime (τf ) was measured with a lifetime fluorescence spectrometer. The naphthoxazoles exhibited low fluorescence emission and consequently low values of Φf in their free form, demonstrating behavior similar to that of DAPI. These compounds displayed notably large Stokes shifts (approximately 340 nm) and the τf in the nanosecond range. DNA binding studies were conducted by monitoring changes in the absorption properties of naphthoxazoles in the absence and presence of calf thymus DNA at different concentrations. The results indicated that naphthoxazoles interacted with DNA through groove binding. LOX2 exhibited a binding constant (Kb) of 2.70 × 104 M-1, indicating strong binding to the biomolecule. These findings underscore the potential of LOX1, LOX2, and LOX3 as candidates for use as fluorescent DNA probes.
Performance of GPM-IMERG satellite precipitation for rainfall-runoff modeling in Indonesia
Authors: Hidayah Entin , Saifurridzal Saifurridzal , Wiyono Retno Utami Agung , Widiarti Wiwik Yunarni , Martini Resa , Juliastuti Juliastuti , Riduwan Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Accurate discharge predictions are essential for effective water resource management, including irrigation, drinking water supply, hydropower, reservoir management, environmental flow, and flood assessment. Satellite precipitation data, such as GPM-IMERG, offers a viable solution for estimating river discharge, especially in ungauged or sparsely gauged watersheds. This study evaluates the use of GPM-IMERG data in the HEC-HMS hydrological model to predict discharge in the Mayang Watershed, Jember Regency, Indonesia. The study employs the Arithmetic, Polygon Thiessen, and Isohyet methods to analyze rainfall distribution. Results indicate that the Polygon Thiessen method, when paired with GPM-IMERG data, provides more reliable precipitation estimates due to its consideration of rain gauge proximity. Calibration and validation confirm the superiority of GPM-IMERG data over traditional observational data, particularly under high-flow conditions. Despite some limitations in detecting low-intensity precipitation, GPM-IMERG outperforms other satellite products like TRMM in terms of accuracy. Sensitivity analysis highlights the significant influence of parameters such as curve Number and time of concentration on model outcomes. Further research should explore emerging rainfall data products to improve hydrological modeling accuracy.
Immersive governance networks in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Carreón Guillén Javier , Garcí­a Lirios Cruz , Espinoza Morales Francisco , Bermúdez Ruíz Gilberto
Published: September 2024

As of January 2023, the pandemic has claimed the lives of more than four million. In Mexico, confirmed cases of around a million victims accumulate. In this scenario, the Mexican State has escalated into a conflict with Higher Education Institutions regarding the return to classes. While educational policies revolve around lack of refinement and return to classes, even when young people do not have the basic immunization scheme, public universities lead the practice of the virtual classroom. The objective of this work is to analyze and discuss the differences between the public administration of education and the autonomy of the universities regarding the return to the traditional classroom. A literature review was carried out considering the link between policies to mitigate and contain the pandemic in relation to the protocols for returning to face-to-face classes followed by public universities. Axes, trajectories and relationships between risk prevention, self-care and co-responsibility stand out. In relation to the state of the art, the asymmetries between political and educational actors are discussed.
AS EMOÇÕES E A SOCIALIZAÇÃO INFANTIL: A PESQUISA COM CRIANÇAS NA ESCOLA DAS INFÂNCIAS
Authors: Bortoletto Denise , Ferreira Adir Luiz , Costa Igor Ramon Oliveira , De Souza Milena Fernanda Lopes , Dos Santos Rebeca Domitila Tavares de Azevedo Maurício
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar reflexões teóricas sobre as emoções e a socialização das crianças na escola da infância, discutir inferências empíricas dessas variáveis e relatar vivências de estudantes da graduação em um projeto de PIBIC. A metodologia conta com dois momentos. No primeiro é realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de artigos, nos referenciais e nos autores que discutem as variáveis aqui tratadas. Em seguida, é feita a coleta de dados com as crianças e/ou professores em escolas das infâncias, e, por meio da observação participante, descreve dados para explicar os fenômenos emocionais e sociais. Os resultados são preliminares e sugerem que as emoções facilitam as interações entre as crianças e, pela socialização, as crianças conquistam um amplo conjunto de estados emocionais e elas buscam por processos de socialização horizontais, não impostos pelos adultos. Destaca, por fim, o quanto é importante a participação de estudantes dos cursos de graduação em projetos de pesquisa.
Palavras-Chave: Emoções. Socialização infantil. Pesquisa com crianças. Infâncias.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NAS TRAMAS DE UMA OFICINA DESENHO
Authors: Maurício Dias de Pontes Gilvânia
Published: September 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a narrativa de uma das ações vinculada ao projeto de extensão “Artes Visuais na escola da infância: processos de formação de mediadores para ensino/aprendizagem de Artes”, a oficina de Desenho na educação da Infância. Nessa oficina foram propostas, às professoras e estudantes, vivências com a linguagem do desenho e momentos de reflexão sobre a construção de práticas docentes que possibilitem às crianças experiências de leitura e produção de imagens.
A Thorough Review on Ethnomedicinal Value of Bioactive Compounds of
Pteridophytes against Cancer: Clinical Applications and Future Prospects
Authors: Bansal Priya , Kumar Neeraj , Sambhakar Sharda , Kumar Abhishek , Katiyar Deepti
Published: September 2024

Most cancers have become immune to normal cancer therapy, like chemotherapy and
radiation. Therefore, exploring more effective and economical treatment options is important.
Plants and herbs contain substances called phytochemicals, which have biological effects. Many
phytochemicals having antioxidant and anticancer properties have been studied previously.
There is increasing evidence that phytochemicals' anti-carcinogenic benefits originate from their
ability to inhibit oxidation, inflammation, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. These phytochemicals inhibit the spread of cancer by controlling the cell cycle and other molecular processes, such as metastasis. Along with therapeutic potential, other advantages, like their abundance,
greater tolerability, and economic use, increase their utility in cancer therapeutics. In recent
years, a number of scientists have examined lycophytes and ferns for their potential medicinal and phytochemical properties. This analysis emphasizes the significance of chemicals
obtained from ferns and their derivatives in therapeutics. The authors discuss the pteridophyte's anti-cancer properties and other medical uses in this article. This information may
help researchers in further research related to the most promising anticancer phytochemicals and their possibility as alternative drugs against cancer.
Summary of Varieties and Diversities of Nanomaterials Used in Food Safety and Quality
Authors: dhanawat Meenakshi , Malik Garima , Wilson Kashish , Gupta Sumeet
Published: September 2024

In all fields of life sciences, the trends toward sustainability, enhanced product safety,
and high standards of quality are significant. The food industry uses intelligent packaging to meet
these needs. These systems can continuously monitor a product's quality status and notify the customer
of any changes. Conventional methods can only satisfy the needs of regular laboratory food
analysis. Thus, in the cases of major food safety concerns, quick, economical, and time-saving
analysis techniques, including portable, on-site, and home testing kits, are desperately needed.
Nonetheless, there is a chance that nanoparticles could be harmful to people's health. Nanotechnology,
for instance, can be applied to food processing to improve food's overall quality, including
taste, flavor, and bioavailability. It can also help products last longer on the shelf. Moreover, nanotechnology
is often applied to food packaging to deliver innovative packaging and serve as an antimicrobial
agent. It can offer fresh approaches to thwart fraud and serve as a valuable weapon in
our toolbox to prevent bioterrorism. As a result, it is advised to set up a sufficient regulatory framework
to control any dangers related to applications of nanotechnology. This review addresses the
classification and safety issues involved in the application of nanotechnology in food safety and
packaging.
Prospects of Natural Polymers based Nano-drug Delivery Systems in the Treatment of Pulmonary Disorders
Authors: Singh Dilpreet , Singh Amrinder , Singh Vaibhav , Rathod Suraj Singh , Virendra Sharma Arvind , Chawla Pooja A. , Chawla Viney
Published: September 2024

Numerous lung conditions, including lung cancer, influenza, acute respiratory distress
syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], asthma, and pneumonia, present a
great threat to people all over the world. A range of pharmaceutical drugs, peptides, antibodies,
and genetic therapies have all been used to treat chronic lung illnesses. Unfortunately, the majority
of chronic lung disorders cannot be fully cured by medication alone. At the moment, managing
the symptoms is the only asthma treatment. This article provides a brief overview of the
state-of-the-art understanding of the function of natural polymeric materials and emphasises
recent developments in innovative drug delivery systems that may help treat a variety of lung
diseases. Furthermore, the paper also discusses the latest application of natural polymeric materials
for targeting gene delivery through different approaches.