bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KINETIC STUDIES OF Cu ADSORPTION FROM SASIRANGAN LIQUID WASTE USING RICE HUSK ACTIVATED CARBON
Authors: Syauqiah Isna , Nurandini Desi , Prihatini Nopi Stiyati , Jamiyaturrasidah Jamiyaturrasidah
Published: October 2021

The industry of sasirangan – traditional fabric of Banjar Tribe – has been one of prime commodities of South Kalimantan. The coloring process  in sasirangan production used a lot of chemical elements containing heavy metals  and its waste potentially pollute the environment. One of the heavy metal waste contained is copper (Cu) which is toxic to aquatic organisms and humans. The treatment for sasirangan liquid waste can be done by adsorption process using activated carbon as adsorbent. This study aims to determine the appropriate kinetic model for adsorption of Cu metal from sasirangan liquid waste using activated carbon adsorbent made from rice husks.The process was conducted by batch system with chemical and physical activation. Chemical activation was done by soaking the activated carbon of rice husk with HCl solution for 24 hours. While physical activation was carried out by burning in a furnace at 500̊C for 2 hours. The adsorption treatment was given on sasirangan waste samples with variations on contact time (30, 60 and 120 minutes). The results of kinetics study showed that the adsorption process of Cu from sasirangan liquid waste onto rice husk activated carbon adsorbent followed first-order reaction kinetics with a correlation coefficient value (R2) of 0.96 and adsorption rate constant (k1) of 0.0044 min-1.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND BLENDING RATIO TO PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION OF CO-PYROLYSIS LIGNITE AND PALM KERNEL SHELL
Authors: Jelita Rinny , Jefriadi Jefriadi , Mahdi Muhammad Jauhar , Hafiz Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Adanya isu krisis energi dan masalah lingkungan akibat limbah mendorong terciptanya bahan bakar baru dari bahan terbarukan seperti limbah biomassa cangkang kelapa sawit (CKS). Di sisi lain, batubara kualitas rendah (lignit) memiliki nilai ekonomi yang rendah sehingga perlu ditingkatkan agar dapat digunakan lebih luas. Pemanfaatan lignit dan CKS dapat menghasilkan produk padat (char) berupa batubara hibrida melalui proses co-pyrolysis.  Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan temperatur dan komposisi optimum co-pyrolysis lignit dan CKS berdasarkan distribusi produk yang dihasilkan. Lignit dikeringkan dan dihaluskan hingga ukuran partikel 20-50 mesh. CKS dibersihkan, dipotong-potong dan diayak hingga berukuran 0,4-2 mm. Selanjutnya CKS dikeringkan menggunakan oven pada 105oC selama 24 jam. Lignit dan CKS dicampur dengan komposisi 15%, 22,5%, dan 30% berat CKS:lignit. Campuran bahan dimasukkan ke dalam reaktor co-pyrolysis sebanyak 200 gram. Proses co-pyrolysis dijalankan pada suhu 200ºC, 300ºC, dan 400ºC selama 1 jam dengan mengalirkan gas nitrogen ke dalam reaktor dengan kecepatan alir 1,5 L/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan rasio pencampuran CKS:lignit dan temperatur co-pyrolysis akan meningkatkan yield tar sementara yield char menurun. Ditinjau dari yield tar terbesar, temperatur optimum co-pyrolysis adalah 400oC pada rasio pencampuran optimum 15%, sedangkan 200oC dan 22,5% merupakan temperatur co-pyrolysis dan rasio pencampuran optimum untuk memperoleh yield char terbesar. Baik tar dan char produk co-pyrolysis ini dapat menjadi salah satu sumber energi alternatif dengan pengolahan lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: batubara hibrida, cangkang kelapa sawit, lignit, co-pyrolysis
Research on the goal setting by modern students
Authors: Sevostyanov D. A. , Kaloshina T. Yu. , Gainanova A. R.
Published: October 2021

The article presents a study of the goal setting by modern students. The authors analyze the role of goal setting in educational and future professional activities. The authors consider goal setting in the structure of valueoriented activity. They reveal the correlation of prosocial and egoistic values of students. The article provides a brief overview of modern approaches to goal setting. The authors consider various aspects of goal setting related to future professional activities, family life planning and the formation of material prosperity. The practical part of the study includes an analysis of goal setting based on a survey of 479 respondents (172 male, 307 female). The respondents were senior students of Novosibirsk universities. The researchers asked the respondents to formulate their life goals for one year, for five years, and for life. The results of this study are diverse. On the one hand, it reveals disturbing trends (a low level of prosocial motives expressed in the goal setting by students, as well as a small percentage of students who associate their future with research activities). Consumer motivation is expressed in student’s goal setting much more strongly than prosocial motivation. On the other hand, the results of the study allow us to speak about the preservation of the importance of family values in the views of modern students. There is a desire to acquire housing in the property, which indicates a tendency to settle down. This contradicts the ideas about the prospect of increasing the mobility of labor resources in Russia. It is also significant that only less than a third of young men and less than a third of girls expressed their intention to start their own business, which indirectly indicates the relatively modest prospects for the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia. Finally, the study showed a low level of emigrant sentiment among the surveyed students. The authors consider it expedient to organize such studies everywhere on an ongoing basis.
Transformation of education in the perspective of secular ethics
Authors: Slashchinina A. P.
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the preconditions for the transformation of the higher education system to the trinity of social, emotional, and ethical learning. The author considers the formation of education system with the use of secular Buddhist ethics on the example of Emory University (Emory, USA). The article pays great attention to the speeches of Dalai Lama and the influence of Buddhist philosophy of education on the system of socio-emotional and ethical education. The theoretical analysis of the curriculum of social-emotional-ethical training presents the methodology and the methods of the study. The object of the research is the Buddhist philosophy of education. The subject of the study is SEE Learning program (social-emotional-ethical learning) as a way of reception of the Buddhist philosophy of education in the higher education system. The author considers the implementation of SEE Learning program – social-emotional-ethical learning at Emory University (Atlanta, Georgia). This program is the result of the university’s collaboration with Dalai Lama XVI and the Tibetan Exile Community. The author concludes that the change of value orientations and the decolonization of education are factors that influence the development of educational systems. Social-emotional-ethical learning can solve the problem of lack of ethical education at universities. The introduction of ethics education will enable higher education institutions to produce not only practically and theoretically competent professionals, but also individuals who are able to understand the consequences of their decisions.
Subjective forecasting of security practices in extreme situations
Authors: Krasnianskaya T. M. , Tylets V. G.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the research is to study the features of the subject’s predicted choice of security practices in connection with extreme life situations that are significant for him. The main hypothesis was the assumption that the choice of security practices can be associated with the type of extreme situation that initiates it, in such a way that each group of these practices corresponds with a certain type of extreme situations. The research was exploratory in nature. The authors used the methods of incomplete sentence and subjective scaling. A total of 200 university students participated in the study on a voluntary basis. The sample included 118 (59 %) girls and 82 (41 %) boys aged 18–21 years. The respondents identified subjectively significant extreme situations, such as illness, pressure on the psyche, domestic extreme, financial fraud, transport accident, trauma at work, criminal aggression, natural disaster, terrorist attack, destructive social conflict. Factorization has established their semantic grouping into general social, public and private extreme situations. The authors based the study on the selection of the following security practices: normative (compliance with safety instructions, safety memos, following the developed safety rules), socio-­cultural (taking into account the signs of danger, the use of talismans, protective amulets, conducting a ritual of protection against threats) and individual (compliance with the recommendations of significant persons on safety, the use of their own safety rules, their own safety traditions). The authors established on an empirical basis, that the choice of security practices differs depending on the extreme situation that initiates it. The most preferable for students are individual security practices, the least preferable are socio-­cultural ones. The choice of official security practices is more often associated with public extreme situations; the choice of socio-­cultural and individual security practices is more often associated with private extreme situations. The problem has prospects for further research.
The focus of growth in mentoring: professional competences of the head of a preschool education
Authors: Garifullina A. M.
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the article lies in the need to present and introduce Western trends of the scientific foundations of mentoring into the vocational education system, namely preschool educational organizations (PEO) of the Russian Federation. On the world stage, there is a focus on the transformation of the entire educational system expressed in improving the efficiency of educational organizations in accordance with various educational standards: increasing/decreasing the duration of training, revising educational programs and transferring them to a distance format. The domestic experience of research in the field of mentoring (the research was carried out on the basis of the Institute of Psychology and Education of Kazan Federal University) demonstrates modern approaches that can be applied in practice by future and current heads of preschool educational organizations. Long-term research in the field of domestic and foreign mentoring as a factor in increasing the professional competence of novice teachers (Clarin, 2016; Golman, 2019; Whitmore, 2009), as well as teachers with sufficient experience in teaching activities in an educational organization; the study of the “inclusion” of Western methods and techniques of mentoring (budding, shadowing, coaching, advising) in the activities of the head and teaching staff of a preschool educational organization – these and other aspects have been the subject of previous research by the author. The purpose of the article is to apply Western trends in management activities at the level of educational organizations. The article reveals the main approaches of mentoring reflected in the stages: “briefing”, “explication” and “evolution”, in the process of accompanying novice teachers by managers in the practice of the educational organization. The article is for teachers and managers of the education system.
Implementation of subject-professional training of University cadets of higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations
Authors: Bulgakov V. V.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with topical issues of improving the level of training of cadets of educational institutions of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia for professional activities in the field of fire fighting. The application of the implemented disciplinary approach, which assumes a time-dispersed nature of studying various disciplines in the field of fire fighting, does not allow you to get concentrated knowledge, skills and sufficient experience in performing combat operations to extinguish fires, which affects the professional readiness of graduates for practical activities. The purpose of the study is to form a subject-professional approach that will allow, through the optional hours of the main educational program on the basis of previously formed skills and abilities, to implement through training courses concentrated training in the field of fire fighting to improve the professional readiness of graduates. To increase the level of professional readiness of graduates, the author studied the experience of practical training in the field of fire fighting, analyzed the activities of fire and rescue units in extinguishing, studied normative documents and scientific works in the subject area, has developed a subject-professional approach for concentrated training, as well as the subject-matter and content of training courses, has formed an evaluation tool for students. The author proposes to implement a subject-professional approach through the development and implementation of basic, special and additional training courses, for the formation of which modular, competence-based and contextual approaches were used, aimed at maximum professional orientation of training, courses that allow to increase the competence of graduates in the field of fire fighting. The author also proposes to implement the subjects of the training courses through practical classes based on the game forms of training that increase the educational and professional motivation of students. The author concludes that in order to increase the effectiveness and further development of the subject-professional approach, it is necessary to expand the subjects of training courses and improve them, taking into account the changing regulatory framework, the experience of fire and rescue units in fires, the development of fire extinguishing tactics and the introduction of new models of fire equipment and fire-technical equipment.
The use of training technology tools as the basis for its successful implementation in intra-organization training
Authors: Cherepanov A. V. , Rekhtina G. A.
Published: October 2021

The problem fields of research in the framework of the topic are the lack of classification of training methods in intra-organization training, the insufficient quality of the use of tools in the practice of intra-organization training, as well as the use of tools for evaluating and analyzing training activities. The highlighted aspects allowed us to determine the relevant vectors of the research: the competence of the coach, the systematization of training methods and techniques, the features of the use of the tools, the methodology of the tools for evaluation of training sessions. The most important characteristic of the competence of a corporate coach is the possession of the training technology tools at a high level. The article stands out the main competences of a corporate coach, such as focus on results, effective communication, effective self-presentation, persuasion and influence, confidence and stress resistance, creating a motivating educational environment. The authors pay particular attention to the phenomenon of pedagogical artistry, internal and external conditions of its development. The article introduces the basic training techniques (informational, stimulation, exercises for practical performance of work, group-dynamic exercises) and related training methods into the system. The authors consider the criteria and limitations that a trainer should to take into account when choosing training technology tools. The article introduces distinctions of tools when considering their arsenal (planning tools; direct implementation of the process; control (monitoring), evaluation and analysis of the results; post-training support). The authors indicate the following features of the use of training technology tools in intra-organization training: the formation of target guidelines for each stage of training implementation; determining tasks and the algorithm for training implementation; drawing up a training program; chronological planning of training units; planning of the necessary methodical support of training units; compliance with the principle of training planning based on an iterative model with one or more contours; the use of business and simulation games, exercises and tasks; using multiple studies scenarios for conducting classes; presenting information depending on the features of its perception; taking into account the target audience; taking into account the age characteristics of the audience, etc.
A Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis Based on MacLaurin Expansion and Hadamard Product of the Completed Zeta Function
Authors: Zhang Weicun
Published: October 2021

The basic idea is to expand the completed zeta function $\xi(s)$ in MacLaurin series (infinite polynomial), which can be further expressed as infinite product (Hadamard product) by conjugate complex roots. Finally, the functional equation $\xi(s)=\xi(1-s)$ leads to $(s-\alpha_i)^2 = (1-s-\alpha_i)^2, i \in \mathbb{N}$ with solution $\alpha_i= \frac{1}{2}, i \in \mathbb{N}$, where $\alpha_i$ are the real parts of the zeros of $\xi(s)$, i.e., $s_i =\alpha_i\pm j\beta_i, i\in \mathbb{N}$. Therefore, a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis is achieved.
Nonlinear Generalisation of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Jamali Alireza
Published: October 2021

It is known since Madelung that the Schrödinger equation can be thought of as governing the evolution of an incompressible fluid, but the current theory fails to mathematically express this incompressibility in terms of the wavefunction without facing problem. In this paper after showing that the current definition of quantum-mechanical momentum as a linear operator is neither the most general nor a necessary result of the de Broglie hypothesis, a new definition is proposed that can yield both a meaningful mathematical condition for the incompressibility of the Madelung fluid, and nonlinear generalisations of Schrödinger and Klein-Gordon equations. The derived equations satisfy all conditions that are expected from a proper generalisation: simplification to their linear counterparts by a well-defined dynamical condition; Galilean and Lorentz invariance (respectively); and signifying only rays in the Hilbert space.
SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV Share the Furin Site CGG-CGG Genetic Footprint
Authors: Romeu Antonio R.
Published: October 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 polybasic furin cleavage site is still a missing link. Remarkably, the two arginine residues of this protease recognition site are encoded by the CGG codon, which is rare in Betacoronavirus. However, the arginine pair is common at viral furin cleavage sites, but are not CGG-CGG encoded. The question is: Is this genetic footprint unique to the SARS-CoV-2? To address the issue, using Perl scripts, here I dissect in detail the NCBI Virus database in order to report the arginine dimers of the Betacoronavirus proteins. The main result reveals that a group of Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (isolates: camel/Nigeria/NVx/2016, host: Camelus dromedarius) also have the CGG-CGG arginine pair in the spike protein polybasic furin cleavage region. In addition, CGG-CGG encoded arginine pairs were found in the orf1ab polyprotein from HKU9 and HKU14 Betacoronavirus, as well as, in the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein from few SARS-CoV-2 isolates. To quantify the probability of finding the arginine CGG-CGG codon pair in Betacoronavirus, the likelihood ratio (LR) and a Markov model were defined. In conclusion, it is highly unlikely to find this genetic marker in betacoronaviruses wildlife, but they are there. Collectively, results shed light on recombination as origin of the virus CGG-CGG arginine pair in the S1/S2 cleavage site.
Influence of COVID-19 Epidemic on Dark Web Contents
Authors: Razaque Abdul , Valiyev Bakhytzhan , Alotaibi Bandar , Alotaibi Munif , Amanzholova Saule , Alotaibi Aziz
Published: October 2021

The Dark Web is known as a place triggering a variety of criminal activities. Anonymization techniques enable illegal operations, leading to the loss of confidential information and its further use as bait, a trade product or even a crime tool. Despite technical progress, there is still not enough awareness of the Dark Web and its secret activity. In this study, we introduced the Dark Web Enhanced Analysis (DWEA), in order to analyze and gather information about the content accessed on the Dark Net based on data characteristics. The research was performed to identify how the Dark Web has been influenced by recent global events, such as the COVID-19 epidemic. The research included the usage of a crawler, which scans the network and collects data for further analysis with machine learning. The result of this work determines the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic on the Dark Net.
How COVID-19 has Affected Operations & Funding Relating to Social Enterprises in Birmingham
Authors: Sakib S M Nazmuz
Published: October 2021

Social enterprises are very common in Birmingham having the largest concentrations of social enterprises in the United Kingdom. With the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic, the operations and management of social enterprises in Birmingham has been greatly affected. This study seeks to analyse the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the operations and funding of social enterprises in Birmingham UK. In order to achieve this, the study is going to carry out a qualitative methodology in order to analyse the impact Covid-19 has had on social enterprises. The research is going to select relevant stakeholders through a non-purposive sampling criteria identifying individuals who have direct interest in the functioning of social enterprises. The relevant stakeholders will be expected to respond to semi structured interviews that are structured to evoke responses relevant to this area of research. The research realized that Social enterprises in Birmingham are a critical player in the economy of UK with many individuals depending on the social enterprise industry. In addition to that, the study realised that the Covid-19 pandemic exposed social enterprises to various financial and market risks. Moreover, social enterprises were forced to make a change in their organizational structure through cost management changes and offering alternative services. However, the government came in support through provision of grants and funding to boost the social enterprise economy.
Efficiency Comparison of Hydro Turbines in a Micro Generator System from Free-flow Vortex
Authors: Sritram Piyawat , Suntivarakorn Ratchaphon
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to enhance a micro hydroelectric generator system driven by free-flow vortex and to compare efficiency of Propeller and Crossflow turbines. Series of turbines in each type were designed and tested at water-flowrate of 0.02 m3/s. The turbine housing has 1 meter in diameter and 0.5-meter height with 2 meters outlet drain at the bottom. The best efficiency extracted from Crossflow turbines with the same height (0.3 meter) but different in diameter (0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 meter) and numbers of blade (12, 18, 24, 30, and 23) was from an 18 blades turbine at 23.01% of efficiency. The best efficiency extracted from Propeller turbines with 5 blades was from a 0.4-meter-high turbine with a diameter of 0.7 meter at 13.92% of efficiency. There were 12 Propeller turbines designed in this study. They were different in height (0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 meter) and, in each height, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 of diameter was applied. The result revealed that Cross Flow turbine had more efficiency to the system than Propeller turbine (9.09%) at the water-flowrate of 0.02 m3/s
Response of Land Surface Temperature with the Changes of Coastal Build-up and Vegetation Index in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Chattogram Coast, Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Ha-mim Ebne , Alam Md. Wahidul , Hoque Md. Enamul , Sarkar Mohammad Saydul Islam , Arafat Md. Yeasir , Ahmed Kazi Tawkir , Uddin Md. Nizam
Published: October 2021

Mangrove vegetation plays a vital role in habitat and nursing ground for different organisms and prevents coastal erosion caused by wave and tide action. In recent years the mangrove vegetation in Chattogram coast, Bangladesh, has been interrupted by other infrastructural development, which has a destructing effect on the surrounding environment. Land surface temperature analysis of an area helps learn about different environmental conditions, weather, and climate. It is also essential to monitor the rising temperature and global warming, the biggest threat to humanity. NDBI and NDVI are the efficient process for monitoring vegetation and build up areas of a geographical location. This study focused on those analyses to understand the importance of mangrove vegetation in the Salimpur area and surrounding coastal areas of Chattogram by studying the relationship between NDVI and NDBI, NDVI and LST, NDBI, and LST. The outcome indicates that a higher vegetation index results in lower land surface temperature during different periods, negatively correlated. This study also found a strong positive correlation between buildup index (NDBI) and land surface temperature (LST), which means Land Surface temperature was found higher in Buildup areas. The vegetation areas are greatly affected by the buildup areas. The correlation between buildup areas and vegetation areas was strongly negative, which means an increase of NDBI decreases NDVI, and a decrease of NDBI increases NDVI.
The use of electronic educational resources in an agrarian university during the pandemic
Authors: Goncharenko Olga Nikolaevna , Semenkova Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: October 2021

The coronavirus pandemic brought major changes to virtually all spheres of human life. Despite seeming a fantastic reality at first glance, fulfilling professional duties using electronic resources has gradually become an integral part of our lives. All spheres of society had to adapt to the changed reality in a short amount of time including in the sphere of education. However, despite all the difficulties associated with the problems of getting access to high-speed Internet, traffic speed, the lack of modern electronic devices, etc, the sphere of education has handled them quite shortly. The goal of the study is to disclose the specific features of the organization of the educational process with the use of electronic educational resources in an agrarian university during the pandemic. The article indicates the distinguishing characteristics of distance learning, identifies and characterizes the main instruments of distance learning in the force majeure circumstances of self-isolation in a specific university, as well as provides an example of the minimum requirements for filling up the Moodle e-learning environment. The attitudes of teachers and students to distance education in the new conditions are studied through a survey. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the interdisciplinarity of the consideration of the topic of interest. As a result, the study reveals a common trend characteristic of both students and teachers, consisting in the division into those who feel good about the electronic educational environment and those who have difficulty using it in the learning process.
Design of Quadrilateral Learning with RME Approach for Junior High School Students
Authors: Chairunnisa Inayatusufi  , Tian Abdul Aziz
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide alternative learning options, with a realistic mathematics education learning design or RME on quadrilaterl material for Junior High School students. This writing uses instructional design to develop a learning model. Learning development is done by analyzing needs and learners. Performance objectives and learning outcomes are discussed in detail and adapted to instructional objectives. The results of this study indicate that a quadrilateral learning design by applying the RME approach is recommended for educators in conducting quadrilateral learning. This happens because learning is based on real life or situations that can be imagined by students which are in accordance with RME characteristics, so that they can help students understand quadrilaterals.
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Android dengan Pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Wardani Rahayu  , Siti Rohmah Rohimah
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh analisis kebutuhan peserta didik dan guru. Berdasarkan analisis kebutuhan didapat data paling banyak 17,14% peserta didik kesulitan pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV). Sebanyak 50,00% peserta didik menginginkan modul sebagai bahan ajar. Sedangkan guru memerlukan sebuah bahan ajar yang dapat mengikuti perkembangan teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul Android dengan pendekatan CTL pada materi SPLDV. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini menggunakan Software Construc 2 dan metode RnD yang mengacu pada model 4D. Teknik pengumpulan dan analisis data dalam penelitian ini berlandaskan pada metode kombinasi model embedded concurrent. Modul Android yang dikembangkan telah melalui validasi ahli media dengan nilai persentase rata-rata sebesar 80,83% dengan kriteria “Layak”. Hasil penilaian oleh ahli materi dan bahasa diperoleh persentase rata-rata sebesar 86,67% dengan kriteria “Sangat Layak”. Hasil penilaian oleh guru matematika diperoleh  persentase rata-rata sebesar 87,39% dengan kriteria “Sangat Layak”. Sedangkan hasil akhir penilaian pada uji coba kelompok kecil dan besar masing-masing diperoleh nilai persentase rata-rata sebesar 99,25% dan 95,46% dengan kriteria “Sangat Layak”. Sehingga modul berbasis aplikasi Android yang dikembangkan memperoleh kategori sangat layak untuk dimanfaatkan dalam proses pembelajaran di sekolah dengan rata-rata keseluruhan adalah 89,72%.
A Simple Algorithmic Approach Allows the Safe Use of Cephalosporin in “Penicillin-Allergic” Patients without the Need for Allergy Testing
Authors: Goh Graham S. , Shohat Noam , Austin Matthew S.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Patients who report a penicillin allergy are often given second-line antibiotic prophylaxis during total joint arthroplasty (TJA), with only a minority of patients undergoing additional consultations and allergy testing. In an effort to increase the use of cephalosporin prophylaxis in TJA, the present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a simple, protocol-driven penicillin allergy screening program without the need for additional work-up.

Methods:

Following implementation of a questionnaire-based screening protocol in May 2019, all patients scheduled for primary TJA were risk-stratified into low or high-risk categories. The low-risk cohort received cefazolin, and the high-risk cohort received non-cefazolin antibiotics. Patients were monitored prospectively, and data on antibiotic usage and adverse outcomes were documented. The protocol group (n = 2,078) was propensity score matched 1:1 with a control group that included patients who underwent TJA in the same institution prior to implementation of the protocol. The primary end point was the efficacy of the protocol in reducing unnecessary use of non-cephalosporin antibiotics for prophylaxis. Secondary outcomes included the rate of surgical site infections and allergic reactions to the administered antibiotic.

Results:

A total of 357 patients (17.2%) reported a penicillin allergy in the protocol group compared with 310 patients (14.9%) with a recorded allergy in the control group (p = 0.052). The number of patients who received non-cephalosporin antibiotics was significantly lower in the protocol group (5.7% compared with 15.2% in the control group; p < 0.001), whereas there was no difference in the rate of total allergic reactions (0.8% compared with 0.7%, respectively; p = 0.857). Of the 239 low-risk patients (66.9%) in the protocol group, only 3 (1.3%) experienced a mild cutaneous reaction following cefazolin administration. There were no differences in the rates of superficial wound, deep periprosthetic, or Clostridioides difficile infections between the protocol and control groups.

Conclusions:

A simple screening protocol allowed two-thirds of patients with a self-reported allergy to receive cefazolin without the need for additional consultations or testing. We believe this protocol can be safely implemented to increase the rate of cefazolin usage without a corresponding increase in the number of allergic reactions.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Pengaruh Religiusitas, Pelayanan dan Tarif Premi terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Asuransi Syariah dengan Minat Berasuransi Syariah Sebagai Variabel Intervening di Perusahaan Asuransi Syariah Cabang Surabaya
Authors: Aristyanto Erwan , Putra Allen Pranata , Riduwan
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh religiusitas, pelayanan, tarif premi terhadap kepuasan nasabah dengan minat berasuransi syariah sebagai variabel intervening di Asuransi XYZ Syariah Cabang Surabaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah nasabah yang bergabung di perusahaan asuransi XYZ Syariah Cabang Surabaya. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dengan kriteria (1) masyarakat yang sudah menjadi nasabah asuransi syariah , dan (2) berusia 17 – 50 tahun sebanyak 100 responden. Analisis data menggunakan PLS dengan program SmartPLS 3.2.8.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Religiusitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat nasabah berasuransi, (2) Pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat nasabah berasuransi, (3) Tarif premi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat nasabah berasuransi, (4) Religiusitas berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah, (5) Pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah
Терентий Иванович Вяземский (К 160-летию со дня рождения)
Authors: Михаленок Д. К.
Published: October 2021

Рассмотрены некоторые сферы деятельности доктора медицины, библиофила, основателя научной станции на Карадаге – Т. И. Вяземского. Т. И. Вяземский считал, что в основе развития общества должна находиться культура. В вопросах по борьбе с алкоголизмом он предлагал ряд пропедевтических мер, которые не утратили своего значения в наше время. Т. И. Вяземский принимал участие в работе Русского бальнеологического общества в Пятигорске. Его исследования в области электротерапии остаются актуальными. Он обнаружил важный исторический факт – определил, что годом основания Кавказских минеральных вод следует считать не 1798 г., а 1803 г. Дата считается общепринятой, а имя Т. И. Вяземского, определившего ее – забыто. Он собрал обширную библиотеку по многим направлениям естествознания, библиотека призвана была стать основой, краеугольным камнем в работе выстроенной им научной станции. В конце жизни пожертвовал станцию и библиотеку Обществу им. Х.С. Леденцова. На основе анализа архивных материалов и литературных источников раскрыты малоизвестные страницы биографии Т.И. Вяземского.
Итоги работы сети регистрации и мониторинга выбросов китообразных на побережье Крыма в 2017 году
Authors: Логоминова И. В. , Артов А. М. , Коростелева А. В. , Постникова А. Н.
Published: October 2021

В рамках работы сети регистрации и мониторинга выбросов китообразных были получены данные о 225 животных, обнаруженных на черноморском побережье Крыма или в прибрежной акватории. В ходе мониторинга участка побережья Юго-Восточного Крыма было обнаружено 8 животных. От местного населения и отдыхающих было получено 172 сообщения о 217 животных (из них 10 животных были обнаружены живыми). Среди упомянутых 217 животных преобладали морские свиньи (75,1%), также были обнаружены афалины (11,5%) и белобочки (6,5%). Наибольшее количество животных было зафиксировано в Севастопольском районе (42%) и ЮгоВосточном Крыму (21%). Причинами этого, по нашему мнению, являются высокая концентрация отдыхающих в местах обитания локальных популяций китообразных и интенсивное рыболовство в летний сезон в этих районах. Пик обнаружения выброшенных животных пришелся на июль. Среди обнаруженных морских свиней (всего 163 животных) почти 30% составляли детеныши. Интенсивное рыболовство в местах обитания морской свиньи повышает вероятность гибели в орудиях лова пар самка-детеныш в критический сезон выкармливания новорожденных: июнь – июль. Для сокращения гибели требуется оценка распределения локальных стад и ограничение рыболовства в местах обитания животных в этот период. Интеграция данных об обнаруженных 10 погибших животных на побережье и в акватории Судакского района с данными о работе рыболовецких судов с учетом временных показателей позволяют предположить гибель животных в тралах. Нами предложена гипотеза об отсутствии внешних признаков гибели в результате прилова в ряде случаев попадания китообразных в трал. Дальнейшее развитие РИМСсети (регистрация – исследования – мониторинг – спасение) в Крыму наиболее эффективно в случае объединения компонентов регистрации данных от населения и мониторинга контрольных участков; при этом оба компонента должны сопровождаться проведением комплексных исследований выброшенных животных.
Биоклиматические условия окрестностей Карадага в 2016 г.
Authors: Сирота Е. Н.
Published: October 2021

Проанализированы метеорологические данные Карадагской научно-исследовательской геофизической обсерватории за 2016 год. Используя формулы различных авторов, рассчитаны биоклиматические показатели (индексы) погоды окрестностей Карадага за прошедший период. Систематизирован и обобщен полученный результат; выделены зоны комфортности погоды на территории Карадага. Предложены варианты защиты организма при некомфортных биоклиматических условиях.
Сульфаты Карадага. Обзор находок и новые данные
Authors: Тищенко А. И. , Касаткин А. В. , Шибаев Е. А.
Published: October 2021

В статье описаны находки шести новых для Карадага минералов класса сульфатов – алюминита, роценита, сидеронатрита, ссомольнокита, тенардита, фельшёбаниита. Приводится морфологическое описание минералов, данные их диагностики и парагенезисов.
Современные ландшафты ландшафтно- рекреационного парка «Лисья бухта –Эчкидаг» (Юго-Восточный Крым)
Authors: Ключкина А. А. , Прокопов Г. А.
Published: October 2021

В настоящей статье изучена ландшафтная структура ландшафтно-рекреационного парка «Лисья бухта – Эчкидаг» (ЛРП «Лисья бухта – Эчкидаг»), расположенного в юго-восточном Крыму. По результатам исследования составлена ландшафтная карта ландшафтного рекреационного парка «Лисья бухта – Эчкидаг». Значительная часть материала собрана в полевых условиях и представляет научный интерес в вопросе изучения ландшафтной структуры этого региона. В статье, на основе литературных данных, предоставляется краткий обзор географического положения указанного участка, его микроклиматических особенностей, рассматриваются основные факторы, формирующие выявленную структуру ландшафта. При выполнении работы, был использован генетико-морфологический поход Г.П. Миллера. В соответствии с его методикой был заложен и описан геоботанический профиль, а также были проведены описания всех выделенных на нем фаций. По результатам составления ландшафтной карты предоставлены данные соотношений площадей каждого из контуров и местностей составленной ландшафтной карты, также выполнен анализ закономерностей. Результирующими данными представлены расчеты показателей дробности, сложности и раздробленности ландшафта, вынесенные в сводную таблицу, проведен анализ полученных данных.
Трансформация и экологическая сукцессия природноантропогенных ландшафтов заповедной территории Конкакинь-Кончыранг, Вьетнам
Authors: Нгуен Данг Хой  , Нго Чунг Зунг  , Данг Хунг Кыонг  , Колесников С. И. , Тишков А. А.
Published: October 2021

Изучение характеристик разнообразия, изменения и экологической cукцессии ландшафтов является важным при определении территориальной дифференциации, особенно в муссонных тропиках, как Центральное нагорье Вьетнама, где наблюдается сильная дифференциация по азональности. Заповедное территория Конкакинь-Кончыранг имеет особое географическое положение, расположено в северо-восточной части провинции Зялай и отличается глубоким разделением природных и антропогенных компонентов и факторов. На влажный тропический климат этой области одновременно влияет Центральное нагорье и Центральное побережье. Как разнообразные природные условия, так и сильное антропогенное влияние, способствовали созданию типичной природно-антропогенной ландшафтной системы в изучаемом районе. Природно-антропогенные ландшафты достаточно дифференцированы от 1 системы, 1 подсистемы, 3 классов, 5 подклассов, 13 типов и 87 видов. Ландшафтное разнообразие проявляется в закономерности высотной поясности. Разнообразие ландшафтов отражается не только по их количеству, но и по частоте встречаемости какого-либо определенного ландшафта на исследуемой территории. В течение периода исследований с 2005 по 2017 год наблюдали значительные изменения в ландшафтах исследуемой территории, как в количественном, так и в качественном отношении. В течение примерно 13 лет, ландшафты изучаемого района сильно изменились. В 2005 году насчитывалось 94 вида ландшафта, включая группы вечнозеленых широколиственных тропических лесных ландшафтов, кустарников, саванн, агроландшафтов. Сравнение этих двух периодов показывает, что исчезли 43 вида ландшафта и сформировано 33 новых вида. Остальные ландшафты имеют колебания в площади. В этом изучаемом районе формирование типичной ландшафтной сукцессии обусловлено деятельностью местных жителей. Вечнозеленый широколиственный лесной ландшафт под воздействием человека привел к катастрофическим изменениям. Сукцессионные изменения происходят в короткие промежутки времени, что приводит к созданию новых ландшафтов.
Генезис и палеогеографические условия образования метанолитов оксфорда (юго-западный Крым)
Authors: Лысенко В. И.
Published: October 2021

Процессы дегазации метана из недр имеют значительный временной интервал и карбонатные постройки на дне морей и океанов являются памятниками их поступления. Такие образования из юрских отложений Горного Крыма получили название «метанолиты оксфорда». В их палеофлюидах присутствует метан, углекислый газ, азот, этан и сероводород. По химическому, минеральному составу и результатам анализов ICPMS оксфордские метанолиты не отличаются современных карбонатных построек на дне морей и океанов и гераклитов. В восстановительной среде флюидов образование карбоната происходило в окислительных условиях внутри клеток или на их поверхности. Бактерии и археи оксфорда для создания карбонатных строений использовали абиогенные углеводороды с тяжелым изотопным составом δ13С и δ18О. Результаты комплексных геологических исследований доказали их родственные генетические связи с гераклитами и современными карбонатными постройками морей и океанов. Формирование карбонатного вещества оксфордских метанолитов связано с переработкой продуктов палеодегазации сообществом бактерий и архей на дне океана Тетис.
Выявление геоморфотопа реликтовых эндемиков флоры горного Крыма
Authors: Никифоров А. Р. , Никифорова А. А.
Published: October 2021

Целью данного исследования является выявление геоморфологических условий местообитания реликтовых эндемиков флоры Горного Крыма, способствующих поддержанию и сохранению защитных (рефугиумных) функций рельефа. Гетерогенность геоморфологических структур склонов, а также присущие им азональные ландшафты изучены слабо. До сих пор не исследовались причины своеобразия экологической среды, приуроченность некоторых редких видов к конкретным микроформам рельефа. Изучение этого феномена имеет значение для геоморфологии, палеогеографии, фитоценологии, разработок мероприятий по охране редких видов (реликтов, эндемиков, реликтовых эндемиков) и т.п. Объекты исследования – реликтовые эндемики флоры верхнего пояса Горного Крыма: Heracleum ligusticifolium M. Bieb. (Apiaceae), Lagoseris callicephala Juz. (Asteraceae), Lamium glaberrimum (K. Koch) Taliev (Lamiaceae), Scrophularia exilis Popl. (Scrophylariaceae), Sobolewskia sibirica (Willd.) P.W. Ball (Brassicaceae), Silene jailensis N.I. Rubtzov (Caryophyllaceae). Были выявлены признаки растений, способы возобновления и структура популяций, местообитания и среда их развития: денудационные поверхности, коры выветривания, субстраты.
Диатомовые водоросли эпифитона макрофитов крымского прибрежья Чёрного моря
Authors: Рябушко Л. И. , Широян А. Г. , Лишаев Д. Н.
Published: October 2021

Приведены оригинальные данные по видовому разнообразию диатомовых водорослей эпифитона красной, бурой водорослей и морской травы в разных, по степени антропогенной нагрузки, районах крымского прибрежья Чёрного моря, в том числе впервые в зал. Донузлав. Обнаружено 129 видов и ввт Bacillariophyta, принадлежащих к трём классам, 24 родам, из них в Казачьей бухте отмечено 100 видов, Мартыновой бухте – 20 и зал. Донузлав – 38. Из флоры преобладают массовые, бентосные, колониальные, космополитные, морские виды. Выявлено 23 вида диатомовых водорослей – индикаторов органического загрязнения морских вод, из них группа β-мезосапробионтов занимает 87%, что характерно для умеренно загрязнённых органических вод. В эпифитоне красной водоросли Gracilaria verrucosa найдено 94 вида с максимальными значениями численности N=366•103 кл.•см-2 и биомассы B=0,82 мг•см-2 сообщества в конце марта при tводы =10°C; эпифитоне бурой водоросли Cystoseira crinita – 35 видов, N=104•103 кл.•см-2 и В=0,422 мг•см-2 при tводы =25°C; на листьях Zostera marina – 45 видов, N=656·103 кл.•см-2 в январе при tводы=8°C, в июне 31,6•103 кл.•см-2. Полученные данные обсуждаются. В работе представлены фотоснимки и микрофотографии микроводорослей.
Состояние биомониторного вида черноморской скорпены (Scorpaena Porcus Linnaeus, 1758) в прибрежных акваториях Севастополя
Authors: Кузьминова Н. С. , Зозуль А. Ю. , Гребнев В. И. , Васильева А. А. , Цыгылык Е. И.
Published: October 2021

В работе представлены данные по размерно-массовым, морфофизиологическим характеристикам черноморского ерша из пяти бухт г. Севастополя в период 2017–2019 гг. Установлено, что молодые экземпляры крупнее в бухтах Карантинной (TL 13,5 ± 0,19 см) и Севастопольской (TL 14,2 ± 0,23 см), а особи среднего возрастного класса ― в Балаклавской (TL 15,9 ± 0,35 см), Круглой (TL 16,9 ± 2,45 см) и Стрелецкой (TL 16,06 ± 0,5 см). В ответ на бóльший уровень комплексного загрязнения Стрелецкой бухты у самцов разного возраста индекс печени (ИП) повышен. Такой же адаптивный эффект ― индекс жабр имеет максимальные значения ― отмечен для особей из бухт Круглая и Стрелецкая. У самок скорпены из Балаклавской бухты в возрасте от трёх до восьми лет увеличен ИП, это является следствием более калорийного рациона (преобладание рыб), что подтверждается как анализом пищевого спектра ерша, так и величинами некоторых биохимических параметров жирового обмена (уровень холестерина, β-липопротеидов и липазы). Итак, в 2017–2019 гг. ёрш находился в более благоприятном физиологическом состоянии в бухтах Балаклавской и Карантинной и в менее благоприятном ― в акватории бухты Стрелецкой.