bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aeternus Augustus in der Titulatur der römischen Kaiser im Späten 3. Und im 4. jh.
Authors: Balbuza Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

The article is concerned with the title aeternus Augustus and its position in Roman imperial titulature at the end of the third and during the fourth century A.D. Modern authors tend to rate this title among the so-called unofficial imperial titulature, mainly due to the fact that it served to admire the emperor. The paper discusses forms and methods of addressing the emperor who was determined by the appellation aeternus Augustus. The analysis of these enables to appoint, out of the emperors of the discussed period, those few who were officially specified as aeterni.
Reading social relations from Roman African mosaics – an iconographic analyse
Authors: Mech Anna
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the diversity of Roman African society and the relations between different social groups by analysing the representations on the mosaics. It also analyses the manner of self-presentation of the landowners and their wives.
KOMIZM I JEGO ŹRÓDŁA W PIŚMIE „DE VITANDO AERE ALIENO” PLUTARCHA Z CHERONEI
Authors: Osiński Piotr
Published: November 2021

This paper is devoted to the humour in Plutarch’s speech De Vitando Aere Alieno (That One Ought Not to Borrow). Although the problem raised in this work appears to be serious, Plutarch included humorous elements. Among the ancient Greeks and Romans, not only was usury a grave issue, but also one which gave rise to humour. Plutarch used the tradition of comedy and Cynic-Stoic diatribe in a rhetorical purpose. His aim was to persuade the listener or the reader to adopt a moral attitude towards usury.
GLOBALNA ELITA – PRÓBA ANALIZY POJĘCIA NA PRZYKŁADZIE POLSKICH STUDENTÓW
Authors: Łuczak Marta
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to answer the question whether use of the designation of “global elite” to describe persons experiencing multiple migrations is theoretically justified. The author analyzes the situation on the examples of Polish students who study at universities abroad. Being in a privileged position among other migrants, students may be perceived as people aspiring to membership in the international community. The author discusses the attributes indicating their elite status and traits which makes use of the term doubtful if employed with regards to persons who repeatedly change their country of residence.
WIZERUNEK HUMANISTY W WERBALIZACJACH STUDENTÓW WYDZIAŁU HUMANISTYCZNEGO UMCS W LUBLINIE
Authors: Karwatowska Małgorzata , Litwiński Robert
Published: November 2021

The intention of the authors is to attempt a recreation of the self-stereotype of a humanities person, by analyzing answers to the following questions/issues: 1) Who is a humanities person? 2) Name occupations in which such a person may be professionally involved. 3) List competences that are typical of a humanities person. 4) What distinguishes a person with a background in humanities from persons educated in different area? 5) Are such persons needed today?
Rzecz o mediach i filozofii; rec. książki: Jan Paweł Hudzik, Wykłady z filozofii mediów. Podstawy nauk o komunikowaniu
Authors: Knast Patrycja Kinga
Published: November 2021

Rzecz o mediach i filozofii; rec. książki: Jan Paweł Hudzik, Wykłady z filozofii mediów. Podstawy nauk o komunikowaniu
TRA DANIMARCA, SVIZZERA E ITALIA. LA VISIONE POLIPROSPETTICA DEL VIAGGIO NELLA PRIMA FASE DELLA PRODUZIONE MIGRANTE DI ELVIRA DONES
Authors: Karp Karol
Published: November 2021

The article aims to analyze the problem of travel writing, define its typology and discuss the outcomes of travelling as they are unfolded in the first phase of Elvira Dones’s migrant writings. It addressess three phenomena: travelling to Denmark, travelling to Sweden and travelling to Italy, outlining the influence of space on the lives of the characters. The theoretical foundation derives from research by T.W. Adorno, G. Bataille, E. Grosz, S. Hurn, I. Illich, M. Marzano, S. Mezzadra, M. Midgley, M.C. Nussbaum and P. Ricoeur.
Advances in mass cytometry and its applicability to digital pathology in clinical-translational cancer research
Authors: Cereceda Karina , Jorquera Roddy , Villarroel-Espíndola Franz
Published: November 2021

The development and subsequent adaptation of mass cytometry for the histological analysis of tissue sections has allowed the simultaneous spatial characterization of multiple components. This is useful to find the correlation between the genotypic and phenotypic profile of tumor cells and their environment in clinical-translational studies. In this revision, we provide an overview of the most relevant hallmarks in the development, implementation and application of multiplexed imaging in the study of cancer and other conditions. A special focus is placed on studies based on imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI). The purpose of this review is to help our readers become familiar with the verification techniques employed on this tool and outline the multiple applications reported in the literature. This review will also provide guidance on the use of IMC or MIBI in any field of biomedical research.
Maximum principle for higher order operators in general domains
Authors: Cassani Daniele , Tarsia Antonio
Published: November 2021

We first prove De Giorgi type level estimates for functions in W
1,t
(Ω),

Ω
⊂

R

N

$ \Omega\subset{\mathbb R}^N $

, with

t
>
N
≥
2

$ t \gt N\geq 2 $

. This augmented integrability enables us to establish a new Harnack type inequality for functions which do not necessarily belong to De Giorgi’s classes as obtained in Di Benedetto–Trudinger [10] for functions in W
1,2(Ω). As a consequence, we prove the validity of the strong maximum principle for uniformly elliptic operators of any even order, in fairly general domains in dimension two and three, provided second order derivatives are taken into account.
English as a medium of instruction in Chinese higher education: looking back and looking forward
Authors: Hu Guangwei
Published: November 2021

This paper takes a look at English medium instruction (EMI) in Chinese higher education, offers comments on the five articles included in this special issue, identifies challenges and conundrums in EMI, and invites further research on the processes and products of EMI in the Chinese context.
Politically Connected Firms and the Environment
Authors: Yu Haowei , Zhang Lin
Published: November 2021

This paper examines the environmental effect of political connections at the individual and organizational levels. We integrate political connections at both levels in a four-stage game-theoretic framework to study the political interplay between an entrepreneur, a bureaucrat and a government. We distinguish individual-level political connections from bribery and argue that while the latter is generally more efficient for the firm aiming to reduce environmental tax payments, political connections become more appealing when the bureaucrat places a higher value on indirect non-monetary benefits. We find that individual-level political connections are associated with more emission discharges by the firm, while the effect of organizational-level political connections on emissions depends on a negative interaction effect between political connections at different levels and a positive resource-reallocation effect between abatement activities and production.
Severe hypocalcemia and seizures after normalization of pCO2 in a patient with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and permissive hypercapnia
Authors: Bordón Sardiña Erick J. , Romero Álvarez Cristina , Díaz de Bethencourt Pardo Rocío , Urquía Martí Lourdes , García-Muñoz Rodrigo Fermín
Published: November 2021

Objectives

To describe the association between the rapid normalization of pCO2 after intubation in a patient with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia managed with permissive hypercapnia, with the risk of developing hypocalcemia and seizures, and to make health care providers aware of this risk in similar cases.

Case presentation

An extreme premature infant, born at 25 weeks of gestational age (GA), developed a severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and, after several extubation failures could be managed with non-invasive ventilation and permissive hypercapnia, with capillary pCO2 of up to 80 mmHg and pH >7.20. At 46 postmenstrual age (PMA) he was intubated because of severe hypercapnia and compensating metabolic alkalosis. About 20 h after intubation, after normalization of pH and pCO2, he developed hypocalcemia and seizures, that remitted after iCa normalization. A comparison between arterial and capillary blood gases showed a significantly greater correlation between pH and iCa in arterial than in capillary samples.

Conclusions

Our findings emphasize the importance of avoiding the abrupt reduction of pCO2 and the close monitoring of acute metabolic changes after its correction in chronic patients with permissive hypercapnia, as well as the potential superiority of arterial samples over capillaries to improve the precision of this control.
Habitual khat chewing alters urinary inorganic profile in adult healthy males
Authors: Attafi Ibraheem M. , Albeishy Mohammed Y , Hakami Ahmed M. , Attafi Mohammad A. , Khardali Ibrahim A.
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Khat (Catha edulis) is a stimulant plant, and it is abusive to induce euphoria, alertness and activity. Concomitant use of medications and khat chewing predisposes to the appearance of drug interactions result in treatment failure or toxicity. This study determined the changes in the urinary inorganic profile in adult healthy males who are chewing khat compared with non-khat chewer males.

Methods

A total of 40 adult non-smoker healthy males (20 khat chewer and 20 non-khat chewer) aged 24–30 years were selected. Khat chewer samples were positive for cathinone and cathine and negative for other drug of abuse, while non-khat chewer samples were negative for drug of abuse include cathinone and cathine. Samples were selected according to their results in immunoassay and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Cathine and cathinone were confirmed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS) analysis. Inorganic profile includes titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Results

The levels of Ti, Co, Zn, Cd, and Pb in urine were significantly higher among the khat chewer group compared with non-khat chewer. Ti, Cd, Co, Pb and Zn urine levels were 0.5-, 1.5-, 1.15-, 5-, and 8.2-fold higher in the khat chewer group compared to non-khat chewer, respectively.

Conclusions

We suggested that continuous khat chewing has a long term effect on metabolic pathway of therapeutic drugs that result in toxicity or failure of therapy.
In vitro inhibitory effects of glucosamine, chondroitin and diacerein on human hepatic CYP2D6
Authors: Tan Boon Hooi , Ahemad Nafees , Pan Yan , Palanisamy Uma Devi , Othman Iekhsan , Ong Chin Eng
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Glucosamine, chondroitin and diacerein are natural compounds commonly used in treating osteoarthritis. Their concomitant intake may trigger drug–natural product interactions. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) has been implicated in such interactions. Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is a major hepatic CYP involved in metabolism of 25% of the clinical drugs. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of these antiarthritic compounds on CYP2D6.

Methods

CYP2D6 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. CYP2D6–antiarthritic compound interactions were studied using in vitro enzyme kinetics assay and molecular docking.

Results

The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based dextromethorphan O-demethylase assay was established as CYP2D6 marker. All glucosamines and chondroitins weakly inhibited CYP2D6 (IC50 values >300 µM). Diacerein exhibited moderate inhibition with IC50 and K

i
values of 34.99 and 38.27 µM, respectively. Its major metabolite, rhein displayed stronger inhibition potencies (IC50=26.22 μM and K

i
=32.27 μM). Both compounds exhibited mixed-mode of inhibition. In silico molecular dockings further supported data from the in vitro study. From in vitro–in vivo extrapolation, rhein presented an area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio of 1.5, indicating low potential to cause in vivo inhibition.

Conclusions

Glucosamine, chondroitin and diacerein unlikely cause clinical interaction with the drug substrates of CYP2D6. Rhein, exhibits only low potential to cause in vivo inhibition.
Prevalence of alcohol-drug interactions in community-dwelling older patients with polypharmacy
Authors: Gorsen Santina L. , Mehuys Els , De Bolle Leen , Boussery Koen , Tommelein Eline
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Alcohol and medication use are increasingly prevalent in the older population. Concurrent use of alcohol and alcohol-interactive (AI) medication can lead to significant adverse consequences.

Methods

Three reference works were used to create an explicit list of drug substances for which information about the interaction with alcohol was available in at least one of them. Additional information was extracted from the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC). The first aim was to generate a list of 256 substances with standardized advice regarding the concurrent use of each drug with alcohol. The second aim was to observe the prevalence of potential drug–alcohol-interactions. The list was applied to a database containing information about alcohol and medication use of 1,016 community-dwelling older patients (≥70 years) with polypharmacy.

Results

About half of the sample population reported to consume alcohol at least once a week. Around 22% were classified as frequent drinkers (5–7 days/week) and 11% as heavier drinkers (>7 units/week). Ninety-three percent alcohol consumers in our sample took at least one chronic drug that potentially interacts with alcohol and 42% used at least one chronic drug for which alcohol use is considered contraindicated.

Conclusions

We developed an explicit list of potentially drug–alcohol-interactions in older adults, with standardized handling advice. We observed that prevalence of potential drug–alcohol-interactions is substantial in community-dwelling older patients with polypharmacy.
A sociosemiotic exploration of medical legislation reform in China (1990–2021)
Authors: Zhao Junfeng , Wu Jingjing , Yang Yi
Published: November 2021

The medical service system is an important guarantee for human rights to survival, health and development of every social member, and thus it is significant to explore, interpret and explain the diachronic construction for its legislative reform. In a corpus approach, the study firstly collects the medical-related statutes from 1990 to 2021 in China to build the P.R.C. Medical Legislation Corpus (PRCMLC), and analyzes the keywords and their collocation in the exploratory, explosive and expanding phase of the medical legislative reform. Secondly, from the perspectives of sociosemiotics, the PRCMLC data is combined with the concrete medical laws and regulations for further discussion of the MSS, MIS, DSS and PHS in legislative system. Thirdly, the study explores the core legislative ideas and the relationships among the subsystems in the diachronic analysis, which provide a general overview of the legislative objects, target, participants and mechanisms in the medical reform of China.
One-dimensional optimal system and similarity transformations for the 3 + 1 Kudryashov–Sinelshchikov equation
Authors: Paliathanasis Andronikos
Published: November 2021

We apply the Lie theory to determine the infinitesimal generators of the one-parameter point transformations which leave invariant the 3 + 1 Kudryashov–Sinelshchikov equation. We solve the classification problem of the one-dimensional optimal system, while we derive all the possible independent Lie invariants; that is, we determine all the independent similarity transformations which lead to different reductions. For an application, the results are applied to prove the existence of travel-wave solutions. Furthermore, the method of singularity analysis is applied where we show that the 3 + 1 Kudryashov–Sinelshchikov equation possess the Painlevé property and its solution can be written by using a Laurent expansion.
Solitary waves of the RLW equation via least squares method
Authors: Hepson Ozlem Ersoy , Dag Idris , Saka Bülent , Ay Buket
Published: November 2021

Integration using least squares method in space and Crank–Nicolson approach in time is managed to set up an algorithm to solve the RLW equation numerically. Trial functions in the least square method consist of a combination of the quartic B-spline functions. Integration of the RLW equation gives a system of algebraic equations. The solutions consisting of a combination of the quartic B-splines are given for some initial and boundary value problems of RLW equation.
The acquisition of relative clauses by Spanish-Basque learners of L3 English: does dominance play a role?
Authors: Ramos Feijoo Jon , García Mayo María del Pilar
Published: November 2021

Several studies in the area of third language acquisition (L3A) have considered various factors influencing this process, but the effect of language dominance has not been thoroughly examined. The main goal of this study is to investigate whether the acquisition of relative clauses (RCs) in L3 English is influenced by language internal factors, such as the syntactic features of the target language, or by external factors in the form of cross-linguistic influence (CLI). A total of 90 participants (40 Spanish-dominant, 40 Basque-dominant, 10 L1 Spanish-L2 English) and 10 native speakers of English completed a production and a comprehension task. Findings show that the L3 learners’ production of RCs seems to be driven by language internal factors, whereas their comprehension appears to be influenced by their previously acquired languages, mainly by Spanish. It is concluded that neither language dominance nor other traditionally considered factors play a determinant role in the acquisition of RCs in L3 English by these participants.
Automated near-field deformation detection from mobile laser scanning for the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa earthquake
Authors: Zhu Xinxiang , Glennie Craig L. , Brooks Benjamin A.
Published: November 2021

Quantifying off-fault deformation in the near field remains a challenge for earthquake monitoring using geodetic observations. We propose an automated change detection strategy using geometric primitives generated using a deep neural network, random sample consensus and least squares adjustment. Using mobile laser scanning point clouds of vineyards acquired after the magnitude 6.0 2014 South Napa earthquake, our results reveal centimeter-level horizontal ground deformation over three kilometers along a segment of the West Napa Fault. A fault trace is detected from rows of vineyards modeled as planar primitives from the accumulated coseismic response, and the postseismic surface displacement field is revealed by tracking displacements of vineyard posts modeled as cylindrical primitives. Interpreted from the detected changes, we summarized distributions of deformation versus off-fault distances and found evidence of off-fault deformation. The proposed framework using geometric primitives is shown to be accurate and practical for detection of near-field off-fault deformation.
Effect of cell phone use on salivary components; a review of literature
Authors: Arbabi Kalati Fateme , Nosratzehi Tahereh
Published: November 2021

Mobile phones have been increasingly used in the past decade and have become a cultural instrument. There is a great concern over the harmful effects of electromagnetic and radiofrequency waves as well as microwaves generated by mobile phones and their telecommunication stations on health. The saliva plays an important role in preserving oral homeostasis as the first defensive line against the microbial invasion which protects oral mucosa mechanically and immunologically. A search was run in PubMed, Goggle Scholar, Medline, and Web of Science databases using the following keywords: cell phone, mobile phone, antioxidant profile, saliva, oxidative stress, interleukin, and inflammation. Sixty-five published articles were identified. Studies on the use of cell phones as educational aids, the use of immune histochemistry on salivary glands, or the evaluation of saliva in individuals with specific conditions, such as the use of orthodontic brackets, were excluded. In addition, duplicate articles are eliminated, and finally, 14 articles were included in the present study. Nowadays mobile phone is very popular, causing concern about the effect it has on people’s health. Parotid salivary glands are in close contact with a cell phone while talking with the phone and the possibility of being affected by them; so this study was designed to investigate the effect of cell phone use on salivary components.
Tree-based machine learning algorithms in the Internet of Things environment for multivariate flood status prediction
Authors: Aswad Firas Mohammed , Kareem Ali Noori , Khudhur Ahmed Mahmood , Khalaf Bashar Ahmed , Mostafa Salama A.
Published: November 2021

Floods are one of the most common natural disasters in the world that affect all aspects of life, including human beings, agriculture, industry, and education. Research for developing models of flood predictions has been ongoing for the past few years. These models are proposed and built-in proportion for risk reduction, policy proposition, loss of human lives, and property damages associated with floods. However, flood status prediction is a complex process and demands extensive analyses on the factors leading to the occurrence of flooding. Consequently, this research proposes an Internet of Things-based flood status prediction (IoT-FSP) model that is used to facilitate the prediction of the rivers flood situation. The IoT-FSP model applies the Internet of Things architecture to facilitate the flood data acquisition process and three machine learning (ML) algorithms, which are Decision Tree (DT), Decision Jungle, and Random Forest, for the flood prediction process. The IoT-FSP model is implemented in MATLAB and Simulink as development platforms. The results show that the IoT-FSP model successfully performs the data acquisition and prediction tasks and achieves an average accuracy of 85.72% for the three-fold cross-validation results. The research finding shows that the DT scores the highest accuracy of 93.22%, precision of 92.85, and recall of 92.81 among the three ML algorithms. The ability of the ML algorithm to handle multivariate outputs of 13 different flood textual statuses provides the means of manifesting explainable artificial intelligence and enables the IoT-FSP model to act as an early warning and flood monitoring system.
Electronic tools in clinical laboratory diagnostics: key examples, limitations, and value in laboratory medicine
Authors: Bohn Mary Kathryn , Fabiano Giulia F. , Adeli Khosrow
Published: November 2021

Electronic tools in clinical laboratory diagnostics can assist laboratory professionals, clinicians, and patients in medical diagnostic management and laboratory test interpretation. With increasing implementation of electronic health records (EHRs) and laboratory information systems worldwide, there is increasing demand for well-designed and evidence-based electronic resources. Both complex data-driven and simple interpretative electronic healthcare tools are currently available to improve the integration of clinical and laboratory information towards a more patient-centered approach to medicine. Several studies have reported positive clinical impact of electronic healthcare tool implementation in clinical laboratory diagnostics, including in the management of neonatal bilirubinemia, cardiac disease, and nutritional status. As patients have increasing access to their medical laboratory data, it is essential that accessible electronic healthcare tools are evidence-based and user-friendly for individuals of varying digital and medical literacy. Indeed, studies suggest electronic healthcare tool development processes significantly lack the involvement of relevant healthcare professionals and often present misinformation, including erroneous calculation algorithms or inappropriate interpretative recommendations. The current review provides an overview of the utility of available electronic healthcare tools in clinical laboratory diagnostics and critically reviews potential limitations and benefits of their clinical implementation. The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) online database is also detailed as an example of a pediatric diagnostic tool with widespread global impact.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child health
Authors: Nijman Ruud G.
Published: November 2021

Most Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in children are mild or asymptomatic. Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children is infrequent. An estimated 0.3–1.3% of children with SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted to hospital, and of these 13–23% needed critical care. SARS-CoV-2 related deaths were very rare in children, estimated at 2 per million. The vast majority of admitted children had one of shortness of breath, fever, and cough, but atypical symptoms are more common in children. Cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) have been linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cardinal symptoms include prolonged fever, clinical signs of inflammation, gastro-intestinal symptoms, and cardiac dysfunction. Twenty two to 80% of patients with MIS-C needed critical care; mortality of MIS-C is around 2%. Six to 24% of children with MIS-C had coronary artery dilatation or cardiac aneurysms. Equipoise still exists between first-line treatment with immunoglobulins and steroids. Outcomes for children with MIS-C are generally very good in those recognised early and started on appropriate treatment. Vaccination schemes for children are rapidly expanding, with the benefits of preventing severe COVID-19 disease and MIS-C and reducing community transmission outweighing the risks of adverse events of, amongst others, myocarditis temporally related to COVID-19 vaccination in children and young adults. The imposed social distancing measures reduced the overall number of children with acute illness or injury presenting to urgent and emergency care facilities worldwide. No clear signal was seen that large numbers of children had a delayed presentation to emergency care departments with a serious illness. The social distancing measures negatively impacted the mental health of children.
Towards developing multimodal literacies in the ESP classroom: methodological insights and practical applications
Authors: Crawford Camiciottoli Belinda , Fortanet-Gómez Inmaculada
Published: November 2021

In this article, we provide an introduction to this special issue of Multimodal Communication entitled “Multimodal approaches in ESP: Innovative research and practice”. The Special Issue showcases innovative research presented at the 2019 International Conference on Knowledge Dissemination and Multimodal Literacy: Research Perspectives on ESP in a Digital Age. After briefly discussing the multimodal approach in language teaching and specifically in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and its key role in developing multimodal competence, each of the five featured contributions is previewed. The contributions offer theoretically grounded and research-informed applications of the multimodal approach in the ESP classroom.
Reducing Constitution to Composition
Authors: Sutton Catherine
Published: November 2021

I propose that constitution is a case of composition in which, for example, the lump of clay composes the statue. In other words, we can reduce constitution to composition. Composition does all of the work that we want from an account of constitution, and we do not need two separate relations. Along the way, I offer reasons to reject weak supplementation.
Selbst-Bildungen. The Tradition of Comedy and the Emancipation of German Jews in Carl Sternheim’s The Snob
Authors: Habel Sabrina
Published: November 2021

The article explores the connection between enlightenment and comedy, as well as its importance for German Jewry. Following Hegel, whose thoughts on ancient drama as well as modern society have shaped the German discourse on comedy until today, this article demonstrates that questions of self-formation, emancipation, and historical self-location are central to comedy. In Carl Sternheim’s comedy The Snob, the idea of self-formation resonates with the historic concept of “civic improvement” through “Bildung”: Jewish emancipation in Germany stood at the end of an educational project that outlasted Jews’ achieving legal equality. The Snob is a comedy about Jewish acculturation and bourgeoisification and embodies Marx’s understanding of comedy as ambivalent: on the one hand, comedy helps people to part cheerfully from their past that was characterized by inequality, but, on the other, it indicates that a world-historic fact like Jewish emancipation may be prone to repeat itself as a farce. Sternheim’s comedy develops a poetic that embraces ambivalence, but also opens the genre of comedy to the question of therapy and healing. It depicts the struggle between autonomy and social formation – the dialectics of German “Bildung.”
Pressure assisted sintering of Al2O3–Y2O3 glass microspheres: sintering conditions, grain size, and mechanical properties of sintered ceramics
Authors: Prnová Anna , Valúchová Jana , Michálková Monika , Pecušová Beáta , Parchovianský Milan , Švančárek Peter , Hanzel Ondrej , Pouchlý Václav , Galusek Dušan
Published: November 2021

Glass microspheres with yttria-alumina eutectic composition (76.8 mol% Al2O3 and 23.2 mol% Y2O3) were prepared by sol-gel Pechini method and flame synthesis with or without subsequent milling. Prepared amorphous powders were studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis (PSA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Hot pressing (HP), rapid hot pressing (RHP) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) were used to sinter amorphous precursor powders at 1600 °C without holding time (0 min). The preparation process including milling step resulted in amorphous powders with narrower particle size distribution and smaller particle size. All applied pressure assisted sintering techniques resulted in dense bulk samples with fine grained microstructure consisting of irregular α-Al2O3 and Y3Al5O12 (YAG) grains. Milling was beneficial in terms of final microstructure refinement and mechanical properties of sintered materials. A material with the Vickers hardness of HV = (17.1 ± 0.3) GPa and indentation fracture resistance of (4.2 ± 0.2) MPa.m1/2 was prepared from the powder milled for 12 h.
Skiing during the pandemic with masks and tests
Authors: Fecker Denise , Bosio Birgit , Nadegger Monica , Haselwanter Stefanie
Published: November 2021

Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, Austrian ski resorts needed to create an emotional attachment to absent tourists and provide attractive offers for local guests at the same time. This study aims to reveal how they have used Instagram to connect with their heterogeneous audiences. To do so, the authors combined a quantitative hashtag analysis and qualitative content analysis of 16 Instagram accounts. Findings indicate a tendency of the ski resorts to communicate positively connotated winter holiday content and present themselves as attractive skiing areas. Here, the topics of the winter landscape, weather, infrastructure, and holiday activities represent dominant themes whereas COVID-19 was covered rarely. In comparison to the previous winter season, only slight differences were identified. This study provides new findings to the rare amount of research on crisis management in ski resorts and contributes further insights into COVID-19 research in tourism. The implications will help ski resorts to prepare for communication in upcoming seasons and future crisis management.
Considerations on the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Travel Motivations
Authors: Kuster Simon , Bieger Thomas
Published: November 2021

Travel demand is driven by various motives, which can be subject to changes. Trend study data show, that some motivations shift over time based on age, birth cohort or time-period. It is expected that the external shock of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affects travel motivations of an entire population across ages and cohorts. However, and interestingly, survey results show that there are hardly any period effects on travel motives during the pandemic. There are two possible explanations which require further investigation: Either motivations are much more stable than expected, or motivations are instantly adjusted according to the available options to avoid cognitive dissonance between increased desires and reduced opportunities as well as limited abilities to travel.
New Light on Dilbat
Authors: Almamori Haider Oraibi , Bartelmus Alexa
Published: November 2021

Recent excavations by the Department of Archaeology of the University of Babylon (Iraq) have brought to light the ruins of a temple at Tell al-Deylam, about 30 km south of Babylon. Thanks to a number of inscribed bricks it can securely be identified as “E-Ibbi-Anum”, the temple of Dilbat’s city god Uraš, which confirms earlier attempts to identify the site with that city. The Sumerian text of the inscriptions allows a secure dating of the building to the Kassite period, more precisely, the reign of a king named Kurigalzu (probably I).1
Structural and electrochemical properties of the binary silicides Eu5Si3 and EuSi
Authors: Belan Bohdana , Daszkiewicz Marek , Dzevenko Mariya , Rożdżyńska-Kiełbik Beata , Pavlyuk Volodymyr , Gladyshevskii Roman
Published: November 2021

The crystal structures of Eu5Si3 and EuSi were studied in detail by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The single crystals were selected from arc-melted and annealed samples. X-ray diffraction was performed at room temperature on an Oxford Diffraction X’calibur Atlas four-circle diffractometer (MoKα radiation). Eu5Si3 adopts the tetragonal Cr5B3-type: space group I4/mcm (# 140), Pearson code tI32, Z = 4, a = 7.9339(6), c = 15.308(2) Å. The compounds with equiatomic composition EuSi crystallize in the structure type TlI: space group Cmcm (# 63), Pearson code oS8, Z = 4, a = 4.6955(6), b = 11.1528(13), c = 3.9845(4) Å. The silicides Eu5Si3 and Li2Si form during electrochemical lithiation (charge process) of EuSi. The electrochemical process 5EuSi + 4Li+ + 4e
− ↔ Eu5Si3 + 2Li2Si is reversible, and the discharge specific capacity at 1C rate reached 140 mAhg−1 and the Coulombic efficiency is 93%.
Anti-Müllerian hormone was independently associated with central obesity but not with general obesity in women with PCOS
Authors: Zeng Xiying , Huang Yinxiang , Zhang Mulin , Chen Yun , Ye Jiawen , Han Yan , Ma Danyan , Zheng Xin , Yan Xiaohong , Liu Changqin
Published: November 2021

Objective

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is recognized as the most important biomarker for ovarian reserve. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to explore the potential association of AMH with central obesity or general obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 179 patients with PCOS were enrolled and underwent anthropometric measurements (BMI and waist circumference (WC)) and serum AMH level detection. Pearson’s correlation and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the associations of AMH with central obesity and general obesity.

Results

Subjects with increasing BMI showed significantly lower values of AMH (median (interquartile range (IQR)) 8.95 (6.03–13.60) ng/mL in normal weight group, 6.57 (4.18–8.77) ng/mL in overweight group, and 6.03 (4.34–9.44) ng/mL in obesity group, P = 0.001), but higher levels of systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, obesity indices (WC, hip circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI)). Compared with the group of PCOS women without central obesity, the group with central obesity had significantly lower value of AMH (median (IQR) 8.56 (5.29–12.96) ng/mL vs 6.22 (4.33–8.82) ng/mL; P = 0.003). Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that AMH was significantly and negatively correlated with BMI (r = −0.280; P < 0.001), WC (r = −0.263; P < 0.001), WHtR (r = −0.273; P < 0.001), and CVAI (r = −0.211; P = 0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounding factors showed that AMH was independently and negatively associated with central obesity but was not significantly associated with general obesity.

Conclusions

AMH was independently and negatively associated with central obesity. Closely monitoring the WC and AMH should be addressed in terms of assessing ovarian reserve in women with PCOS.
Aldosterone-producing nodules and CYP11B1 signaling correlate in primary aldosteronism
Authors: Lin Jui-Hsiang , Peng Kang-Yung , Kuo Yu-Ping , Liu Hsuan , Tan Chin-Ming Bertrand , Lin Yuh-Feng , Chiu Hui-Wen , Lin Yen-Hung , Chen Yung-Ming , Chueh Jeff S , Wu Vin-Cent
Published: November 2021

Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) could be found in some patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism (uPA). However, the histopathological patterns of uPA with concurrent ACS have not been well elucidated. The adrenal gland with the adenoma from 61 uPA patients who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Bioinformatics analysis, including the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, was applied. The prevalence of multiple aldosterone-producing nodules or micronodules (mAPN/mAPM) was 65.6% (40/61) among our uPA patients. Concurrent ACS was identified in 32% of this uPA cohort; they were associated with the interaction of larger tumor size (>1.98 cm) and mAPN/mAPM (odds ratio = 3.08, P  = 0.004). Transcriptome analysis uncovered a dominant enrichment of HSD3B7 overexpression (P  = 0.004) in the adenomas of the histopathologically classical adrenal uPA lesions with concomitant mAPN/mAPM, compared with those uPA adenomas without concurrent surrounding mAPN/mAPM. We identified a novel linkage of enhanced steroidogenic genes of HSD3B7 expression concurrent with the downstream higher CYP11B1 expression; further relationship was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and validated by TCGA bioinformatics. The presence of mAPN/mAPM in uPA patients had lower rate for biochemical success after adrenalectomy (P  = 0.047). In summary, two-thirds of uPA patients had concomitant mAPN/mAPM; 1/3 of uPA patients had concurrent ACS. Steroidogenic HSD3B7/CYP11B1 signaling was associated with uPA adenomas with surrounding mAPN/mAPM. Interaction of larger adenoma size with the presence of mAPN/mAPM was linked to co-existing ACS. Such uPA patients with concomitant mAPN/mAPM had lower rate of biochemical success.
Un lugar de la Mancha de cuyo nombre no cabe acordarse
Authors: Canavaggio Jean
Published: November 2021

Desde el siglo XVIII se ha intentado localizar el lugar de la Mancha desde donde don Quijote sale en busca de aventuras. En el presente estudio, tras examinar la hipótesis recién emitida por Francisco Parra Luna, según la cual se trataría de Villanueva de los Infantes, el autor explica por qué cualquier intento de identificación de dicho lugar carece de sentido.
Nuestro medievo en «probationes calami» y demás copias inopinadas
Authors: Gómez Moreno Ángel
Published: November 2021

Las probationes calami sive pennae y demás copias inopinadas merecen la atención que, excepciones aparte, les han negado los estudiosos. Se trata de un grave error, dado el valor intrínseco, probatorio y testimonial de los textos que nos transmiten: fragmentarios o íntegros, in fieri o acabados y siempre elocuentes en su aparente mudez. Me basta un ejemplo: privar a la cultura italiana del Indovinello Veronese («Adivinanza de Verona»), una probatio al fin y al cabo, sería sencillamente inconcebible. Con este fin, recurro a ejemplos pertenecientes a la Edad Media tardía: romances, poemas tradicionales y composiciones trovadorescas o cortesanas.
El libro de emblemas de Andrea Alciato en la Biblioteca Nacional de España
Authors: López Poza Sagrario
Published: November 2021

Al final del siglo xv y comienzos del xvi los impresores exploraban fórmulas para publicar un género de moda, el de los proverbios ilustrados, que eran demandados por su interés didáctico-moralizante. Ensayan procedimientos que se concretan en los libros de emblemas, cuyo éxito inmediato (por reunir imagen y palabra) los convierte en un género a la vez literario y editorial. Este artículo presenta una introducción a las modalidades emblemáticas para centrarse luego en el Emblematum liber de Andrea Alciato, considerado como primer libro de emblemas (1531), y se atiende a su éxito editorial, la producción de comentarios eruditos sobre él y su difusión impresa, así como la traducción de la obra al español. Finalmente, se indican las ediciones (y ejemplares) de la obra de Alciato, hasta el siglo xviii (así como algunos manuscritos) con que cuenta la Biblioteca Nacional de España.
La adversa fortuna en el viaje de Cabeza de Vaca por tierras norteñas
Authors: Barrera Trinidad
Published: November 2021

Cabeza de Vaca es un caso paradigmático de los sufrimientos que llevaba aparejada la gesta americana en la mayoría de los casos. Lo que relata en sus Naufragios abarca el campo semántico de la desdicha ligado a la adversa fortuna: hambre, frío, muerte, dolor, lágrimas, temor, heridas, desventuras, miserias, trabajos, sufrimientos, etc. Padecimientos físicos y morales que actúan en eco.
Los documentos perdidos de Miguel de Cervantes
Authors: Lucía Megías José Manuel
Published: November 2021

La búsqueda de documentos relacionados con la vida y la obra de Miguel de Cervantes ha sido una constante desde el siglo xviii hasta nuestros días. La casualidad, la reorganización de las colecciones, la catalogación sistemática o la digitalización de muchos fondos en bibliotecas y archivos, sin olvidar la búsqueda sistemática de algún documento en archivos nacionales, municipales o eclesiásticos, han permitido que podamos contar con un número considerable de documentos cervantinos —por encima de otros muchos autores de la época—, casi todos ellos vinculados a sus trabajos como Comisario Real de Abastos, recaudador de impuestos atrasados o de agente de negocios, sin olvidar sus peticiones de «merced» o los documentos administrativos que dejan constancia de diferentes momentos de la vida de un individuo durante los Siglos de Oro: bautismo, desposorios, velaciones, testamento, entierro… Este trabajo es la primera entrega de un proyecto que quiere ir más allá: dibujar el «mapa real» de la documentación cervantina, atendiendo más a los usos y normas de la época que a la descripción de la documentación conservada. Y comenzamos este mapa legal con el primer documento administrativo necesario para la impresión de un libro durante los siglos xvi y xvii: los expedientes de impresión, concretando los más de 30 documentos que tuvieron que generarse en su tiempo para la impresión de las siete obras cervantinas que pasaron por la imprenta, de los que solo hemos conservado cinco.
Siguiendo el rastro del animal ambivalente: las manifestaciones singulares del puerco en la primera parte del «Quijote» cervantino
Authors: Redondo Agustín
Published: November 2021

En este trabajo, en que se aúnan orientaciones de historia cultural, antropología y análisis literario, se examinan las huellas positivas y negativas que el puerco, ese animal ambivalente y tan importante en el área mediterránea, ha dejado en la elaboración de la primera parte del Quijote. Se pone el énfasis en los tres personajes principales de la obra (Sancho Panza, don Quijote y Dulcinea del Toboso), especialmente en los dos primeros, así como en algunos trozos significativos del texto.
Notas de varia lección a la «Arcadia» de Lope de Vega
Authors: Arellano Ignacio
Published: November 2021

El artículo aborda una serie de motivos y referencias eruditas y curiosas de la Arcadia de Lope de Vega, indagando en su sentido, fuentes posibles y función poética. Frente a diversas interpretaciones que consideran estos elementos materiales de erudición postiza, se defiende la utilización por parte de Lope como componentes curiosos capaces de atraer la atención del lector, y se muestra el dominio de los repertorios diversos, apuntando fuentes posibles que explican algunas variantes menos difundidas de algunos de estos motivos eruditos y curiosos.
El espíritu didáctico y comunitario de los franciscanos Diego Valadés y Joaquín Bolaños a través de la iconología.
Authors: Serna Mercedes
Published: November 2021

En el presente artículo analizo la técnica de los grabados como uno de los métodos de enseñanza más eficaces del proyecto misional, universal y ecuménico de los franciscanos, implantado para la evangelización de América. Parto desde la introducción y uso de dicho método educativo y evangelizador, utilizado por los primeros franciscanos que llegaron a América, hasta su evolución en el siglo XVIII. Concretamente, estudio los grabados de Diego Valadés y Joaquín Bolaños. Las imágenes o grabados de los dos franciscanos -evangelizadores de los indios, predicadores incansables, formadores de otros frailes, comentaristas de las Sagradas Escrituras y de espíritu milenarista- son de factura medieval y renacentista y en la línea contrarreformista en su representación de la muerte. En ambas obras, el terror, el miedo y lo escatológico cumplen un mismo papel didáctico y aleccionador.
José Toribio Medina y los Siglos de Oro (algunos ejemplos sobre americanismo y tradición hispánica)
Authors: Rovira Soler José Carlos
Published: November 2021

Se traza una perspectiva sobre la obra de José Toribio Medina y los Siglos de Oro, centrando en ejemplos principales de sus estudios (Cervantes, Ercilla, Oña, escritores americanos celebrados por Cervantes y Lope de Vega) una propuesta que tiene que ver con el valor que conferimos a aquellos historiadores literarios de América que han tenido muy en cuenta la tradición de la literatura española. Reividicar estos trabajos, a veces olvidados, es un ejercicio didáctico y cultural necesario para la comprensión de la tradición hispanoamericana.
Republicanismo: aspectos filosóficos
Authors: Almeyda Juan David , Sellers Mortimer
Published: November 2021

El republicanismo es una doctrina que plantea que el poder público siempre debe servir al bien común de todos aquellos sujetos a su gobierno. Plantea la cuestión de cómo hacerlo de manera cada vez más efectiva, ya sea a través de políticas particulares o de la estructura constitucional (“la forma republicana de gobierno”). La tradición filosófica republicana comenzó con Platón y Aristóteles, floreció en los escritos de Cicerón y reapareció con el renacimiento del aprendizaje en autores como Maquiavelo, James Harrington, John Adams y Kant. Más recientemente, Philip Pettit, Jürgen Habermas, entre otros, han regresado a la concepción republicana de la libertad como no dominación. Además de cómo asegurar esto último a través del Estado de derecho, la soberanía popular y los pesos y contrapesos de una política deliberativa bien diseñada. El republicanismo busca la libertad y la justicia a través del derecho y el gobierno a favor del bien común.