bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory effects of α-humulene and β-caryophyllene on pterygium fibroblasts
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, São Paulo State University–UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618-000, Brazil, Viveiros Magda Massae Hata , Costa José Galberto Martins da ,   Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Ceará 66100-900, Brazil, Oliveira Anselmo Gomes de ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University–UNESP, Araraquara, Sao Paulo 01049-010, Brazil, Rubio Carolina ,   Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University–UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 01049-010, Brazil, Padovani Carlos Roberto ,   Department of Biostatistics, São Paulo State University–UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 01049-010, Brazil, Rainho Cláudia Aparecida ,   Department of Biostatistics, São Paulo State University–UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 01049-010, Brazil, Schellini Silvana Artioli ,   Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, São Paulo State University–UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo 18618-000, Brazil
Published: November 2022

AIM: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the sesquiterpenes α-humulene and β-caryophyllene on pterygium fibroblasts.
METHODS: Primary cultures of pterygium fibroblasts were established. Third passage pterygium fibroblasts were exposed to α-humulene and β-caryophyllene separately and together. The cell viability was assessed by 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at 12, 24, 48, and 72h after exposure. The levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-10 in the conditioned culture medium were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 12, 24 and 48h after exposure. Data were statistically analyzed using Friedman repeated measures analysis of variances on ranks.
RESULTS: The 25 μmol/L β-caryophyllene induced significant decrease in the IL-6 production by pterygium fibroblasts 48h after the exposure (P=0.041). The levels of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α were very low and had no statistically significant variations after exposure to α-humulene, β-caryophyllene, or both compounds together.
CONCLUSION: The exposure to 25 μmol/L of β-caryophyllene significantly reduce the production of IL-6 by pterygium fibroblasts after 48h. This sesquiterpene may be a potential alternative adjuvant agent for the treatment of pterygium.
Topographic tear film trend and new parameters for non-invasive break up time test
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Mardin Training and Research Hospital, Mardin 47100, Turkey, Acet Yakup
Published: November 2022

AIM: To evaluate the quantitative and qualitative results of the noninvasive tear film break-up time (NI-BUT) test and investigate the predictive ability of the new NI-BUT parameter in discriminating between normal Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI; scores ≤12) and abnormal OSDI (scores ≥13).
METHODS: A total of 341 eyes of 341 volunteers who applied for routine eye outpatient control were included in the prospective study. All participants’ noninvasive first tear film break-up time (NIF-BUT), noninvasive average tear film break-up time (NIAvg-BUT) and average value of the first three break-up time (A3F-BUT) were analyzed. A3F-BUT, the new NI-BUT parameter, is calculated by adding the NIF-BUT value to the 2nd break-up time value that has a difference of at most 1 second from the NIF-BUT value and to the 3rd break-up time and then dividing the respective sum by 3. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and forward logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the parameter that had the best predictive ability between the OSDI groups.
RESULTS: The NI-BUT values of 255 eyes of 255 volunteers included in the study were analyzed statistically. The mean NIF-BUT, NIAvg-BUT, and A3F-BUT values were calculated as 5.3±3.0, 8±3.1, and 5.8±3.0 seconds, respectively. All three parameters were found to be significantly lower in the abnormal OSDI group (P=0.014, 0.034, and 0.011, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) of the A3F-BUT to predict abnormal OSDI was AUC=0.625 (0.529-0.720), P=0.011 and NIF-BUT was AUC=0.599 (0.502-0.696), P=0.043. The A3F-BUT parameter and NIF-BUT parameters were found to be significantly efficient in discriminating abnormal OSDI.
CONCLUSION: The new parameter for the NI-BUT test has more predictive ability in the discrimination of OSDI groups.
Efficacy of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics intraocular lens implantation for surgical management of microspherophakia
Authors:   Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First People’s Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou 311200, Zhejiang Province, China, Yu Xue-Wen , Chen Wei-Jie ,   Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Ni Shuang ,   Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Lin Xue-Qi ,   Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Sheng Si-Ting ,   Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Chen Dan ,   Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, Xu Wen ,   Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: November 2022

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for surgical management of microspherophakia.
METHODS: A retrospective case series include 10 microspherophakic patients (15 eyes) who underwent lens removal plus a modified surgical treatment of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics IOL implantation. The primary outcomes involved visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP). Secondary outcomes were spherical equivalent (SE), anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal endothelial cell density and postoperative complications.
RESULTS: After a postoperative follow-up of 17.60±15.44mo, improved visual outcomes can be observed. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA) logMAR improved from 1.54±0.59 preoperatively to 0.51±0.35 postoperatively (P=0.001), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) logMAR improved from 0.97±0.91 preoperatively to 0.24±0.23 postoperatively (P=0.003). Moreover, the SE decreased from -9.58±7.47D preoperatively to -0.65±2.21 D postoperatively (P<0.001). In terms of safety profile, the average IOP decreased from 21.10±12.94 mm Hg preoperatively to 14.03±3.57 mm Hg postoperatively (P=0.044), and the previously elevated IOP of three eyes decreased to the normal range. The ACD increased from 2.25±1.45 mm preoperatively to 3.35±0.39 mm postoperatively (P=0.017). The density of corneal endothelial cells did not change significantly after surgery (P=0.140). The posterior chamber IOLs were well centered and no severe complications were found.
CONCLUSION: Lens removal plus the modified surgical treatment of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics IOL implantation can help in improvement of visual acuity, which can be regarded as a relative safe method for the surgical management of microspherophakia.
Deep sclerectomy-trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in treating glaucoma: postoperative long-term results
Authors:   Ophthalmology Department, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, United Kingdom, Chean Chung Shen , Arambage Gayathri Kanchana Niroshani Pati ,   Ophthalmology Department, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, United Kingdom, Ranjit Punithawathy ,   Ophthalmology Department, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Newcastle Road, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, United Kingdom
Published: November 2022

AIM: To determine the long-term postoperative outcomes of deep sclerectomy-trabeculectomy (DST) with mitomycin C (MMC) in the treatment of glaucoma.
METHODS: Patients who underwent DST with MMC between 2010 and 2017 were included in this retrospective observational study. Complete success was defined as postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mm Hg or 30% reduction of IOP from baseline without any topical IOP-lowering agent, and qualified success defined as IOP≤21 mm Hg or 30% reduction of IOP from baseline with/without single topical agent. We evaluated the surgical success rates and complication rates of this procedure, as well as described the IOP profiles, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) profiles and mean deviations (MD) of Humphrey visual field (HVF) 24-2 performance at each follow-up time point. Mixed linear regression models were constructed to determine estimated predictive values of demographic data, use of topical IOP-lowering agents, baseline and postoperative IOP and optical profiles (e.g., BCVA and MD).
RESULTS: Totally 98 eyes (mean postoperative follow-up 67.5mo) showed mean IOP reduction at every follow-up interval. Both median BCVA and MD of visual fields were maintained throughout the follow-up intervals when comparing to baseline. The number of IOP-lowering medications decreased from 2.8±0.8 to 0.3±0.7 (P=0.068). Totally 84 (85.7%) eyes achieved complete success at final follow-up. Transient hyphaema and transient choroidal effusion developed in 15 eyes (15.3%) and 11 eyes (11.2%) respectively. Other complications included shallow anterior chamber in 5 eyes (5.1%), bleb leak in 4 eyes (4.1%), bleb revision in 7 eyes (7.1%), bleb needling in 9 eyes (9.2%) and repeat trabeculectomy in 1 eye (1.0%). There was no endophthalmitis, blebitis or macular oedema. There was no significant correlation between postoperative IOP control and postoperative BCVA.
CONCLUSION: DST with MMC demonstrates effective and sustained long-term outcomes in the treatment of glaucoma with no major complication.
Metodología para la selección de tecnologías en proyectos de energización rural
Authors: Muñoz-Sarria Felipe , Bueno-López Maximiliano
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo propone una búsqueda y análisis de los criterios más relevantes para la elección de un tipo de recurso primario de energía en un proyecto de energización rural. Se establecieron aspectos técnicos, económicos, sociopolíticos y ambientales con el fin de considerar toda la información que permita elegir la mejor alternativa de generación para una zona no interconectada que garantice el desarrollo sostenible. Con estos aspectos se identificaron las diferentes barreras que han tenido las tecnologías renovables para penetrar en el sector eléctrico de Colombia; con base en estas, se establecieron los criterios para tener en cuenta en la implementación de un método multicriterio que permita disminuir la subjetividad a la hora de la elección. Se recolectó información acerca de los métodos multicriterio más utilizados para la toma de decisiones en proyectos energéticos; se estudiaron los métodos ELECTRE, PROMETHEE, AHP, MAUT, TOPSIS y VIKOR. Para la elección del método a utilizar se definieron aspectos como la complejidad, antecedentes, nivel de subjetividad, aplicación y flexibilidad de los métodos; como resultado, el método analítico jerárquico (AHP) fue una de las mejores opciones. Una vez escogido el método, se realizó una validación a partir de un caso de estudio en el resguardo indígena Calle Santa Rosa, en Timbiquí (Cauca), donde, a partir de los criterios establecidos y la implementación del método multicriterio AHP, se logró identificar que la mejor solución energética es la energía solar fotovoltaica, seguida de la biomasa.
Turbinas hidrocinéticas tipo propela: una alternativa para la generación de energía eléctrica
Authors: Romero-Menco Fredys , Rubio-Clemente Ainhoa , Chica Edwin
Published: November 2022

Las turbinas hidrocinéticas son dispositivos que transforman la energía cinética del flujo del agua en energía eléctrica mediante el uso de generadores eléctricos. Las propelas son dispositivos utilizados para proporcionar movimiento a los vehículos que se desplazan en medio acuático. En este trabajo, se presentan los avances de mayor relevancia en el diseño de turbinas hidrocinéticas tipo propela y propelas marinas. Se considera pertinente el desarrollo de una turbina hidrocinética en la cual se incorporen características geométricas propias de las propelas, con el fin de analizar la influencia de estos factores en el desempeño de la operación como turbina, razón por la cual adicionalmente se propone una metodología para el diseño de turbinas de este tipo. Se espera que la turbina hidrocinética tipo propela tenga un mejor desempeño en comparación con las turbinas hidrocinéticas tradicionales, de forma que contribuya con la implementación y mejoramiento de estas tecnologías para el aprovechamiento del recurso hidrocinético.
Integración óptima de sistemas de generación solar fotovoltaica para la minimización de costos totales de operación anual aplicando el algoritmo de la Viuda Negra
Authors: Rojas-Torres Camilo Andrés , Tovar-Cifuentes Ivan Camilo , Montoya-Giraldo Oscar Danilo , Cortés-Caicedo Brandon
Published: November 2022

Este artículo presenta un análisis de la caracterización físico-mecánica de un concreto geopolimérico fibrorreforzado, cuya matriz HCV está conformada por 90 % ceniza volante (CV) y 10 % cemento portland ordinario (OPC); se utiliza como activador alcalino una solución compuesta por silicato e hidróxido de sodio (NaOH, Na2SiO3) y agua. El refuerzo utilizado fueron fibras de acero SikaFiber Xorex incorporadas a la matriz en proporciones de 50 y 75 kg/m3. La mezcla HCV-50 reportó una resistencia a la compresión de 26,77 MPa a los 28 días de curado, por lo que se clasifica como concreto estructural según la NSR-10; a la misma edad de curado se obtuvo resistencia a la tracción indirecta de 3,49 MPa, módulo de elasticidad de 29,32 GPa, resistencia a la flexión de 5,15 MPa y tenacidad hasta la deflexión de agrietamiento (δf) de 1.971,9 N.mm. Esta mezcla, considerada la óptima, fue empleada en la fabricación de losas de concreto, las cuales presentaron una deflexión de ruptura δf de 4,45 mm, deflexión última de 16,15 mm, carga máxima soportada 15,6 kN, tenacidad de 49.464,8 N.mm hasta δf y 14.5847,3 N.mm hasta 3 veces δf. El material geopolimérico fibrorreforzado se propone además para ser utilizado en la producción de concreto proyectado (shotcrete) y en la construcción de losetas aligeradas.
SURGICAL REHABILITATION OF A PATIENT WITH PALATO-PHARYNTERAL INSUFFICIENCY WITH CONGENITAL CLEFT PALATE AFTER URANOPLASTY
Authors: Davletshin Nail' , Chuykin Sergey , Ostanin Andrey , Chuykin Oleg , Kuchuk Kristina , Bilak Anna , Chuykin Georgy , Petrova Ekaterina , Aflahanova Guzel'
Published: November 2022

Objectives. A clinical case of surgical rehabilitation of a patient with palatopharyngeal insufficiency with congenital cleft palate after uranoplasty.

Purpose. Description of the long-term result of surgical treatment of congenital cleft palate, the causes of complications and the rationale for the method of treatment of palatopharyngeal insufficiency.

Methodology. The paper presents the results of a clinical observation of a patient aged 12 years with congenital cleft palate after uranoplasty and formed palatopharyngeal insufficiency. A child at the age of 2 years 8 months underwent sparing uranoplasty. Since the child lived in a remote area from the city, he did not have the opportunity to engage in logotherapy. On examination, the soft palate is moderately shortened, postoperative scars are not rough. Speech is vile. To select the most optimal method of treating this pathology, it was necessary to visualize the causes of palato-pharyngeal insufficiency.

Results. When conducting an examination using nasopharyngoscopy, a sphincter type of closure of the palatopharyngeal ring was revealed. When pronouncing sounds, the soft palate rose slightly, but the lateral walls of the pharynx with the posterior palatine arches actively contracted, narrowing the palatopharyngeal ring. Taking into account the data obtained during nasopharyngoscopy, a surgical method for eliminating palatopharyngeal insufficiency proposed by M. Orticochea was chosen — “speech-improving surgery”, or sphincter pharyngoplasty, with suturing of the distal ends of the mobilized posterior palatine arches on the posterior pharyngeal wall. According to the control examination for 6 months, there was a significant improvement in speech function, there was no nasalization.

Conclusions. Nasopharyngoendoscopy makes it possible to objectively assess the causes of palatopharyngeal insufficiency, which makes it possible to choose the most optimal method of surgical treatment. One of the methods of choice in the surgical treatment of palatopharyngeal insufficiency is the method of sphincter pharyngoplasty.
RESULTS OF CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE CONDITION OF REMOVABLE DENTURES FROM THERMOPLASTS
Authors: Borisova Eleonora , Mashkova Nelli , Spesivets Aleksandr , Yagmurov Haidar
Published: November 2022

Subject. The results of a clinical examination of patients with complete and partial absence of teeth, who were made prostheses from thermoplastic material, as well as the adaptation of patients who comply and do not comply with the recommendations for hygienic care to prostheses for three months, are considered.

The aim is to assess the condition of thermoplastic prostheses and patient satisfaction with them after three weeks and three months of their use according to clinical examination data and using a subjective scaling test.

Methodology. Under observation were 43 patients with complete and partial absence of teeth, who were made prostheses from thermoplastic material "Belflex", produced by the Russian manufacturer "Vladmiva". A visual clinical assessment of the used prosthesis was carried out after three weeks and after 3 months in patients who fully complied with the doctor's hygienic recommendations for caring for prostheses, and for those who refused to comply with them.

Results. In the first group of patients who fully complied with the recommendations of an orthopedist, during a clinical examination, there were no violations of the integrity of the prostheses and discoloration both after 3 weeks and after 3 months. In the second group of patients, three months later, during a visual examination of the prosthesis, there were violations of the integrity, colors of the prosthesis base, numerous scratches on the surface, roughness, especially in the area of connection of artificial teeth with the prosthesis base. Changed parameters of the test of adaptation to orthopedic structures in all 20 patients.

Conclusions. The duration of their service life depends on the correct hygienic care of patients for removable orthopedic structures made of thermoplastics.
MODERN TYPES OF IMPRESSIONS IN DENTISTRY (review article)
Authors: Zorina Yuliya , Oreshaka Oleg , Ganisik Anton
Published: November 2022

To restore the impaired or lost functions of the dental system, the dentist often resorts to the manufacture of dentures and devices. To achieve high quality of such structures, it is necessary to obtain a precision impression. The precision of the impression is its striving for maximum dimensional accuracy. The article presents the characteristics of impressions and impression masses that affect the accuracy of future orthopedic structures. A poor-quality impression can lead to errors in the manufacture of orthopedic structures and the development of the following complications: caries (cervical or under the crown), diseases of the marginal periodontal, pulpitis or pulp necrosis with subsequent periodontitis, cracks, chips of the lining; premature violation of the fixation of the structure. To reduce the risks of complications, new technologies for obtaining impressions are being introduced into the clinical reception of orthopedic dentists, to increase the quality of finished structures. There are a large number of methods for obtaining refined prints, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. This diversity can be explained by the modernization of the group of elastic impression materials and the appearance of masses of different viscosity. The development of methods for obtaining impressions is currently an urgent area of dentistry. In addition to traditional types of impressions, digital technologies, namely optical impression, are increasingly being introduced into dental practice. The result of which is a three-dimensional (3D) model of the prepared teeth, for the manufacture of indirect restorations of teeth using CAD/CAM systems.

The article describes various modern methods of obtaining precision prints in dentistry. The comparative characteristics of laboratory and clinical scanners for obtaining optical impressions are given.
RISK FACTORS FOR ORAL MUCOSAL DISEASES (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Yatsenko Anna , Pervov Yury , Trankovskaya Lidiya , Gritsina Olga , Mosienko Elizaveta
Published: November 2022

Subject. A literature review was conducted on the most complex and poorly studied section of therapeutic dentistry – diseases of the oral mucosa.

The object – literature search and analysis of current data on the study of risk factors affecting the development and aggravation of pathological conditions on the oral mucosa.

Methodology. Scientific publications using library databases have been studied: Elibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar. The analysis of the information was carried out on 48 sources.

Results. The role of risk factors in the development of pathological processes on the mucous membrane of the mouth is described. The influence of socio-behavioral determinants, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, on the occurrence of pathological, in particular, precancerous conditions in the oral cavity is indicated. Particular attention is paid to the traumatic component, among which injuries with dentures come to the fore, in the development of lesions on the oral mucosa. The significance of comorbid pathology in the occurrence of oral diseases is reflected. It was noted that among the leading positions in the development of dermatoses on the mucous membrane of the mouth are occupied by neurogenic conditions. Changes on the mucous membrane of the mouth in patients with vitamin-mineral imbalances in the body are illuminated. The relationship between the appearance of lesions on the oral mucosa and the environmental characteristics of the area of residence has been demonstrated.

Conclusions. The importance of investigating oral mucosal diseases in a particular region is emphasized in relation to the influence of certain risk factors in order to develop and improve preventive programs for the preservation of dental health.
SOME FEATURES OF THE DENTAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH MANIFESTATIONS OF THE TYPICAL AND EROSIVE-ULCERATIVE FORM OF MUCOSAL RED SQUAMOUS LICHEN PLANUS
Authors: Guryevskaya Olga , Usmanova Irina , Hismatullina Zarema , Lakman Irina , Ishmukhametova Amina , Senina Valeria
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the study is to evaluation of peculiarities of complaints, symptoms and clinical manifestations of typical asymptomatic (L43.80) and erosive-ulcerative (L43.82) forms of lichen planus (LP), its manifestations on the oral mucosa, depending on the age and sex of patients.

Material and methods. In the present study, 111 patients with OLP were divided into a main clinical group with erosive-ulcerative form of OLP (L43.82, n = 86) and a comparison group with typical asymptomatic form of OLP (L43.80, n = 25) based on the complex of dental examination and simple randomization method. Mann–Whitney and chi-square tests, including Yates' correction, were used to assess the statistical significance of differences between the groups.

Results. Patients with the typical asymptomatic form of OLP (L43.80) often had grayish-white, flat papules up to 2 mm in diameter on the unchanged mucosa of the cheeks and dorsal surface of the tongue in the absence of complaints. In the erosive and ulcerative form (L43.82) of OLP, the complaints of pain, intensifying at intake of hard, spicy and hot food, feeling of tightness, roughness, burning, slight dryness prevailed, papules, erosions of irregular or polygonal ulcers were simultaneously observed on swollen, hyperemic mucosa of cheeks, corners of mouth and lateral surface of tongue. The studied pathology prevailed in 81.98% of cases in persons of young working age. Depending on the form of OLP, the intensity of caries according to the CPU index corresponds to a high or very high degree of caries process, the state of oral hygiene according to the OHI-S index of poor or poor hygiene, the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues according to the PMA index of mild or medium degree of inflammation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: thus, the identified features of complaints, symptoms and manifestations of oral mucosal lichen planus should be taken into account by general practitioners when conducting outpatient appointments.
The Practice of Protection Against Discrimination in the Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kretova-Aleshinа I.A.
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the case law on the prohibition of discrimination by the European Court of Human Rights. It is noted that the decisions taken in respect of the principle of non discrimination the practice of the Russian authorities.
Internal and External Drivers of Public-Private Partnership in Russia
Authors:   KIMEP University, Mouraviev N.V.
Published: November 2022

The article discusses factors that drive development of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in Russia. These factors have been categorized in two groups: internal and external. The author draws a conclusion that a more balanced approach to PPP benefits and potential drawbacks should be employed as partnership innovation is in no way guaranteed, and a PPP project may become more costly compared to traditional service delivery by government.
Trade in Soviet Russia During the Formation of a Socialist Economy (1917–1924 years)
Authors:   Saratov Institute (branch) of the Russian State Trade and Economic University, Aborvalova O. N.
Published: November 2022

This article analyzes the specifics of trade in the period of the socialist economy, trying to replace trade distribution system, the search for new organizational forms of supply of the population, the need for a new economic policy.
The Development of Modern Market-based Instruments as a Basis for Improving the Competitiveness of Road Transport Services
Authors:   Saratov Institute (branch) of the Russian State Technological University, Zhivaykin S.N.
Published: November 2022

In article modern position of a transport complex of Russian Federation is considered and the classification of market tools providing increase of competitiveness motor transportation mustache-meadow is proved. Necessity of optimum use of various market instrument tools with a view of maintenance and effective functioning, both the separate motor transportation enterprise, and motor transportation system as a whole is proved.
Perfection of System of Advancement of Achievements of Scientifically Technical Progress in Agriculture
Authors:   Institute of Agrarian Problems of RAS, Derunova E. A.
Published: November 2022

The author’s approach to a problem of development of system of advancement of scientific achievements is developed. Organizationaleconomic conditions of formation of system of advancement of scientific achievements are investigated, it is presented evolutionary development of teoretiko-methodological, organizational-administrative and economic-financial mechanisms of functioning of system.
FACTORS INFLUENCING SUSTAINABILITY OF IRRIGATION PROJECTS IN MUKUNGULI MARSHLAND IRRIGATION SCHEME KAMONYI DISTRICT
Authors: Thierry Mugabe
Published: November 2022

The study sought to establish the factors influencing sustainability of irrigation projects in Mukunguli marshland irrigation scheme in Kamonyi District. Mukunguli marshland irrigation scheme is very crucial economic activity for the provision of food to the inhabitant of the area, create employment, eradicate poverty and mitigate the problem of rural urban migration. The objective of the study sought to establish how water availability, technical, institutional and financial factors influence sustainability of irrigation projects in Mukunguli marshland irrigation scheme in Kamonyi. Survey design of the study was employed in the research. Sample size of 103 farmers both large scale and small scale was picked for interview based on where there are settled within the administrative units of Mukunguli marshland irrigation scheme in Kamonyi. Questionnaires were the data collection tools used. To establish the reliability of research instruments, test retest technique was used to test reliability of instruments. The study supervisor examined the content of the instruments and advised the researcher on its validity. For data analysis quantitative technique was employed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and results presented in tables that indicated percentages of a given attribute. The percentages were further analyzed to provide patterns and relationships from which conclusions were drawn. Linear regression model and Pearson‟s correlation analysis was done to analyze data. The result showed that water availability, Technology used in irrigation systems, institutional and financial factors had significant influence on success of irrigation projects in Mukunguli marshland irrigation scheme in Kamonyi. The study therefore recommended: National and County Government to put in place policies to ensure sustainable and efficient utilization of water resource for irrigation projects, Community based organizations to be assisted to get efficient and affordable spare parts, Training of management committees on operations and maintenance of irrigation systems, Management committees to be assisted in setting up tariffs for water consumption fees that would be used in repairs and maintenance of irrigation systems. Women should be encouraged to participate in this economic activity to boost standard of living of people in Kamonyi District.
El interés social en las sociedades anónimas chilenas: una relectura a la luz del buen gobierno corporativo
Authors: Vásquez Palma María Fernanda
Published: November 2022

Si bien en la actualidad no existe una definición normativa de interés social, ni un precepto que otorgue criterios concretos para su intelección, la pregunta que pretendemos responder en el siguiente texto es si la doctrina y la jurisprudencia pueden reinterpretar la clásica noción contractual de esta noción, que se ha cimentado hasta ahora. Nuestra hipótesis es que ello es factible a partir de una interpretación armónica y sistemática de las últimas reformas realizadas en la materia, pues la influencia del modelo de gobierno corporativo incorporado en los últimos años nos invita a una necesaria y obligada relectura, lo que se traduce en algunas consecuencias que no se pueden soslayar.
Nutzen von Optimierungsverfahren in Softwaretools zur Gestaltung ergonomischer Schichtpläne
Authors: Siglär Ruth , Arlinghaus Anna , Gärtner Johannes
Published: November 2022

Bei der Gestaltung der Arbeitszeit treffen unterschiedliche Interessen von Unternehmen und Beschäftigten aufeinander. Neben betrieblich vorgegebenen Zielen (z.B. Bedarf, geringe Kosten) und Recht ist daher die Ausgestaltung eines Schichtmodells, das ergonomische Erkenntnisse berücksichtigt und auf eine ausgewogene Verteilung von sozial nutzbarer Zeit achtet, besonders wichtig. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt am Beispiel des Softwaretools „Schichtplanassistent“, wie neuartige Optimierungsverfahren in einer Schichtplansoftware eingesetzt werden können, um die Freizeit am Wochenende sowie die gleichmäßige Verteilung von freien Wochenenden und weitere ergonomische Kriterien in Schichtplänen bestmöglich zu berücksichtigen. So wird rasch trans-parent, welche Anforderungen hinsichtlich Arbeit- und Freizeitverteilung unter welchen Einschränkungen (z.B. bedingen lange Freizeitblöcke in der Regel auch lange Arbeitsblöcke) möglich sind. In der Diskussion zwischen Arbeitgeber:innen und Arbeitnehmer:innen kann dies die Entscheidungsfindung für einen Schicht- bzw. Rahmenplan deutlich erleichtern und die ergonomische Gestaltung von Arbeitszeit unterstützen.
PERSPECTIVAS E RELAÇÕES ENTRE A BIBLIOTECONOMIA E CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO E O MERCADO EDITORIAL
Authors: Silva Vitor Daniel Gonçalves da
Published: November 2022

Entrevista com o bibliotecário Roberto Sousa Carvalho.
PAULO FREIRE, PEDAGOGIA DA AUTONOMIA E ÉTICA
Authors: Venuto Michelle de Paula Machado
Published: November 2022

Na atualidade a ética tem se mostrado como um dos temas mais críticos, efervescentes e incômodos, tanto na vida privada como na pública. Paulo Freire nos mostra que ensinar não tem nada a ver com transferir conhecimento e que precisamos saber disso por suas razões de ser, visto que o conhecimento é muito mais e que é preciso ser constantemente testemunhado e vivido pelas pessoas. As palavras de Paulo Freire em todas as suas obras nos trazem inquietações sobre o papel que estamos tendo diante de tudo o que está acontecendo a nossa volta. Quando analisamos a escrita de um livro, que data de 1996 e que seu autor já não se encontra mais entre nós, quando pensamos sobre tudo o que foi dito sobre ética, autonomia, coerência, bom-senso, humanidade, percebemos como involuímos. Deveríamos ser seres humanos mais justos, mais éticos. Mas o que será que temos sido?
REINVENÇÕES NA PRÁTICA PROFISSIONAL EM TEMPOS DA COVID-19
Authors: Martins Maralyza Pinheiro , Witkowsk Michelle dos Santos
Published: November 2022

A pandemia do novo Coronavírus lançou ao mundo diversos desafios, entre eles o de reestruturar intempestivamente as formas de vida e trabalho. Esse impacto no âmbito profissional é o contexto que faz emergir a experiência relatada neste artigo, em que se descreve o trabalho de co-criação entre uma bibliotecária e uma arquivista na reinvenção de seus fazeres durante a pandemia, com vistas ao pós esse contexto. O estudo objetiva relatar a experiência de duas profissionais: uma bibliotecária e uma arquivista, no ambiente virtual por meio da metodologia descritiva e qualitativa. Dessa forma, são apresentados os projetos concretizados de eventos online, em específico, os fóruns: Digitalização, Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados e Paperless. Ademais, busca ampliar estratégias de atuação na área, a partir do  protagonismo, por meio das mídias sociais. Conclui que surgem oportunidades, a partir de ideias transformadas em ações e execução dos projetos, com vistas a trazer para as áreas cursos mais disruptivos, focados no ambiente corporativo e obtenção de protagonismo profissional do bibliotecário e arquivista.
Levinas : de la morada a la justicia
Authors: Braverman Korenfeld Raquel , Chalier Catherine
Published: November 2022

El siglo XX fue próspero en muchos aspectos y tenebroso en otros. Nos dejó grandes logros en las ciencias, la tecnología y las comunicaciones, así como eminentes progresos en la industria, las artes y la cultura; sin embargo, también se le considera el siglo más sangriento de la historia. Fue testigo de dos guerras mundiales, en la segunda de las cuales se aplicaron todos los adelantos conseguidos para convertirla en la «industria de la muerte», en la que la meta era poder aniquilar de la forma más inhumana a la mayor cantidad de seres humanos. Muchos pensadores que vivieron y lograron sobrevivir a esta barbarie humana se dedicaron a un profundo estudio y un gran cuestionamiento de la condición humana que permitió que esto sucediera. Entre estos pensadores se encuentra Emmanuel Levinas, filósofo y escritor lituano, cuya filosofía no es una ética desprovista de dimensión política o una ética que abandonaría el mundo a su suerte injusta y estaría destinada al fracaso, sino que postula un más allá de la justicia u otro modo de ella.
Leguía, el Centenario y sus monumentos : Lima : 1919-1930
Authors: Hamann Johanna
Published: November 2022

En este libro, Johanna Hamann analiza la relación entre el arte público y los procesos de hacer ciudad en Lima en el segundo gobierno de Augusto B. Leguía (1919‐1930). Estos emplazamientos y obras de arte fueron creados dentro de un contexto histórico muy importante que promovió la creación y renovación de los espacios públicos, así como la implementación en la ciudad de una nueva serie de monumentos en homenaje al Primer Centenario de la Independencia del Perú (1921) y a la Batalla de Ayacucho (1924). Fue un período de transformaciones y propuestas urbanísticas en el que las obras públicas fueron las protagonistas en una ciudad que se desarrollaba y crecía. Además de cubrir vacíos en la investigación del tema, este libro expone los logros y las contradicciones del proyecto urbanístico y de ornato de la Patria Nueva, pero también plantea interrogantes acerca del futuro urbano de Lima.
Justicia y poder en tiempos de violencia : orden, seguridad y autoridad en el Perú, 1970-2000
Authors: Meza Bazán Mario M.
Published: November 2022

Muchas prácticas de justicia, lejos de establecer un orden y sancionar de manera legítima a los responsables de un daño, reproducen la inseguridad y debilitan la inconstitucionalidad, pues niegan o desconocen los derechos de las personas y producen una disociación entre la justicia y el derecho. El estudio de Mario Meza Bazán constituye una crítica sustancial a las maneras de concebir el orden, la seguridad y la autoridad en el Perú a través del análisis de casos emblemáticos ocurridos entre 1970 y 2000 que representan tres tipos de "prácticas de justicia": el "Poder Judicial, Sendero Luminoso y la "justicia popular". Estas prácticas nos presentan una suerte de sociedad sin Estado en la cual la justicia está a merced de un tipo de orden que alimenta la violencia y la convierte en fuente de poder. Este libro plantea la necesidad de que la justicia y el derecho estén siempre juntos y nos demuestra que practicar la justicia requiere de una autoridad que reconozca la dignidad de las personas y busque restaurar sus derechos vulnerados. En resumen, es una invitación a pensar en la justicia y develar las sinrazones de la violencia, y nos conduce a buscar respuestas sobre la manera de hacer justicia sin venganza y favorecer el perdón sin impunidad.
Assessment of Macro and Micro Nutrients of Soil in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Fields in Onattukara Wetlands Regions, Kerala
Authors: Kalaiselvan S. , Sathish D.K. , Subramaniyan S.
Published: November 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine various topographic features as well as the characteristics of micro and macro nutrients in soil samples in the Onattukara wetland paddy fields’ special agricultural zone. Using the Global Positioning System, the particular locations of several soils sampling areas located in different Onattukara blocks were found (GPS). The macro (N, P, K) and micro (zinc, iron, copper, manganese) nutrients in soil samples taken from various places in the paddy fields region were studied. Methods: The Onattukara special agricultural wetland zone in this field investigation during 2017-2018, GPS technique method was used to locating 16 soil samples were collected. Laboratory methods used for chemical analysis of soil. Result: Nitrogen and phosphorus availability were found to be poor in almost all soil samples, whereas potassium availability was found to be medium. In almost all soil samples, the presence of micronutrients (zinc, copper and iron) was found to be critical. The data shows that soils are lacking in N, P and K, necessitating the addition of additional fertilizer and manures to make them acceptable for cultivation and promote healthy growth.
Soil inorganic carbon: stocks, functions, losses and their consequences
Authors:   University of Hannover, Germany, Zamanian Kazem ,   Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), China, Kuzyakov Yakov ,   University of Göttingen, Germany,   RUDN University, Russia
Published: November 2022

Carbonate-containing minerals comprise an additional form of soil carbon known as soil inorganic carbon (SIC). Though SIC stocks are large, they been disregarded in most studies to carbon sequestration. After reviewing the main forms of SIC (geogenic, biogenic and pedogenic carbonates) and the chemical processes leading to formation of pedogenic carbonates, we review the importance of SIC in the global C cycle and ecosystem functions. Besides pH regulation, SIC and dissolved Ca2+ from carbonates dissolution: i) increase plant growth due to better root growth, nutrient availability and acquisition, as well as provide protection against pathogens; ii) increase activities of soil microorganisms mineralizing nutrients; and iii) bind organic compounds which, consequently, stabilize organic matter, produce larger and stable aggregates, and control water permeability and balance. Consequently, the SIC is crucial not only for pH regulation, but also strongly contributes to many other soil functions and health. Finally, we assess future SIC losses under anticipated global change processes such as increased N deposition and fertilization, elevated CO2, invasive plant distribution and climate change. These SIC losses damage soil functionality and make it more vulnerable to a broad range of degradation factors, including erosion, topsoil and subsoil compaction, acidification and nutrient depletion. Crucial is that in contrast to organic carbon, the SIC losses are irrecoverable. We conclude that SIC is an important soil constituent responsible for a broad range of physical, chemical and biological soil properties and processes as well as ecosystem services such as cycles of C, N and other elements.
Economic considerations for the development of a carbon farming scheme
Authors:   O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, USA, Mooney Siân , Janoski Kathryn ,   O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, USA
Published: November 2022

This chapter presents the current state of carbon markets and some of the challenges faced by individual producers, private companies and governments interested in carbon farming. The chapter identifies the two primary payment design mechanisms proposed for carbon payments and the complexities faced by individual producers navigating the requirements of the current credit markets including: lack of uniformity across markets (compliance and voluntary) and low acceptance of credits from SCS that affect finance. It also addresses design elements that affect transactions costs such as measurement, reporting and verification; the spatial scale of projects; the need for producer technical assistance and opportunities and questions surrounding compensation for other bundled attributes such as ecosystem services.
İkinci basamak perifer devlet hastanesinde yeni uzman üroloğun erken dönem laparoskopik deneyimleri
Authors: KARGI Taner , GÜMÜŞ Kemal
Published: November 2022

Amaç: Devlet hizmet yükümlülüğü nedeniyle ikinci basamak perifer devlet hastanesinde görev yapan
bir üroloji uzmanının ilk laparoskopik cerrahi deneyimlerinin retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Nisan 2016 – Ağustos 2018 tarihleri arasında Şanlıurfa Balıklıgöl Devlet Hastanesi
Üroloji kliniğinde toplam 25 hastaya (16 erkek, 9 kadın) laparaskopik cerrahi girişim yapılmıştır. Hastalar
demografik özellikler, cerrahinin uygulandığı taraf, cerrahi teknik, operasyon ve hastanede kalış süreleri,
postoperatif analjezik ihtiyaç varlığı, peroperatif ve postoperatif komplikasyonlar kayıt edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların yaş ortalaması 38,8 ± 11,6 yıl idi. Bunlar; basit nefrektomi
(n = 10, %40), böbrek kist eksizyonu (n = 6, %24), üreterolitotomi (n = 6, %24), radikal nefrektomi (n =
1, %4), piyeloplasti (n = 1, %4) ve testis araştırılması (n = 1, %4) idi. Ortalama operasyon süresi ise
108,8 ± 31,6 dakika ve ortalama hastanede kalış süresi 3,8 ± 0,9 gün olarak tespit edildi. Tüm vakaların
altısında (%24) retroperitoneal yaklaşım tercih edildi. Toplam altı (%24) hastada komplikasyon görüldü.
Modifiye Clavien Komplikasyon derecelendirme sistemine göre Grade 1, 2 ve 3 komplikasyonlarının
dağılımları sırasıyla dört (%66,6), bir (%16,6) ve bir (%16,6) idi. Olguların hiçbirinde grade 4 ve 5
komplikasyonları gözlenmedi.
Sonuç: Laparoskopi konusunda tecrübeli merkezlerde asistanlık eğitimi alan yeni uzman ürologlar,
kliniklerinde aldıkları bu eğitimi ve tecrübeyi, devlet hizmet yükümlülüğü nedeniyle gittikleri perifer devlet
hastanelerinde uygulayabilir, gerek laparoskopik cerrahi ekipman temininde, gerekse yardımcı
ameliyathane personeli eğitiminde öncülük yapabilirler.
Clinical and functional analysis of closed reduction-plastering and volar locking plate methods in distal radius fractures in patients over 60 years of age
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Ceyhun , NAZLIGÜL Ali Said , AKBULUT Batuhan , AKKAYA Mustafa
Published: November 2022

Aim: Many different methods have been described in the treatment of distal radius fractures (DRF) in the elderly population, and which one is the better method is a matter of debate among orthopedic surgeons. The aim of this study was to compare the results of closed reduction and plastering (CRP) and volar locking plate (VLP), which are used in the treatment of DRF in the elderly population.
Materials and Methods: Between January 2019 and December 2020, 36 patients with DRF aged > 60 years were evaluated retrospectively. There were 19 patients in the CRP group and 17 patients in the VLP group. Wrist flexion, extension, pronation, supination, ulnar deviation, and radial deviation degrees and grip strength were measured in the first year of their treatment. The patients were evaluated functionally by patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE), modified Green and O'Brien score (MGOS), and resting and stress visual analogue scale (VAS).
Results: In both groups, similar ROM values were obtained and no significant difference was observed. While the PRWE score was 17.5 ± 5.5 in the CRP group and 12.5 ± 4.8 in the VLP group, the MGOS score was 83.0 ± 7.4 in the CRP group and 86.8 ± 12.6 in the VLP group, and the scores were not significantly different (p = 0.802, p = 0.315). While there was almost no pain in both groups at rest, more pain was felt in the VKP group under stress. While grip strength was 20.9 ± 6.4 kg in the CRP group, it was 22.2 ± 6.8 kg in the VLP group, and there was no significant difference compared to the contralateral wrist.
Conclusion: There is no clinical and functional difference between CRP and VLP in the one-year period after DRF treatment in the patient population aged > 60 years. Treatment should be planned according to the functional capacity of the patient.