bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between thyroid function and assessment of hepatic fat and iron contents by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ittermann Till , Khattak Rehman Mehmood , Markus Marcello R P , Kühn Jens-Peter , Kromrey Marie-Luise , Targher Giovanni , Steveling Antje , Nauck Matthias , Völzke Henry
Published: January 2022

The associations of thyroid function parameters with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatic iron overload are not entirely clear. We have cross-sectionally investigated these associations among 2734 participants of two population-based cross-sectional studies of the Study of Health in Pomerania. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free tri-iodothyronine (fT3), and free thyroxine (fT4) levels were measured. Liver fat content (by proton-density fat fraction) as well as hepatic iron content (by transverse relaxation rate; R2*) were assessed by quantitative MRI. Thyroid function parameters were associated with hepatic fat and iron contents by median and logistic regression models adjusted for confounding. There were no associations between serum TSH levels and liver fat content, NAFLD, or hepatic iron overload. Serum fT4 levels were inversely associated with liver fat content, NAFLD, hepatic iron contents, and hepatic iron overload. Serum fT3 levels as well as the fT3 to fT4 ratio were positively associated with hepatic fat, NAFLD, hepatic iron contents, but not with hepatic iron overload. Associations between fT3 levels and liver fat content were strongest in obese individuals, in which we also observed an inverse association between TSH levels and NAFLD. These findings might be the result of a higher conversion of fT4 to the biologically active form fT3. Our results suggest that a subclinical hyperthyroid state may be associated with NAFLD, particularly in obese individuals. Furthermore, thyroid hormone levels seem to be more strongly associated with increased liver fat content compared to hepatic iron content.
Tumour detection and outcomes of surveillance screening in SDHB and SDHD pathogenic variant carriers
Authors: White Gemma , Velusamy Anand , Anandappa Samantha , Masucci Michael , Breen Louise A , Joshi Mamta , McGowan Barbara , Hubbard Johnathan G H , Obholzer Rupert , Christodoulou Dimitra , Jacques Audrey , Touska Philip , Hassan Fahim-Ul , Izatt Louise , Carroll Paul V
Published: January 2022

Objective

Succinate dehydrogenase subunit (SDHx) pathogenic variants predispose to phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). Lifelong surveillance is recommended for all patients to enable prompt detection and treatment. There is currently limited evidence for optimal surveillance strategies in hereditary PPGL. We aim to detail the clinical presentation of PPGL in our cohort of non-index SDHB and SDHD pathogenic variant carriers.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of medical and genetic records from a single tertiary referral centre identified SDHB or SDHD pathogenic variants in 74 non-index cases (56 SDHB and 18 SDHD). Surveillance screening for asymptomatic relatives consisted of annual plasma metanephrine measurement and whole-body MRI with contrast at 3–5 yearly intervals.

Results

Twenty-three out of 74 non-index patients (10 SDHB and 13 SDHD) were diagnosed with PPGL, 17 patients through surveillance screening (24 tumours in total) and 6 diagnosed prior to commencement of cascade screening with symptomatic presentation. MRI with contrast identified PPGL in 22/24 screen-detected tumours and 5/24 tumours had elevated plasma metanephrine levels. Penetrance in non-index family members was 15.2 and 47.2% for SDHB carriers and 71.6 and 78.7% for SDHD carriers at age of 50 and 70 years, respectively.

Conclusion

Surveillance screening with combined biochemical testing and imaging enables early detection of PPGL in asymptomatic relatives with SDHx pathogenic variants. The presence of disease at first screen was significant in our cohort and hence further multi-centre long-term data are needed to inform counselling of family members undergoing lifelong surveillance.
Initial or salvage treatment with apatinib shows promise against radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Qiu Xian , Cheng Lin , Sa Ri , Fu Hao , Jin Yuchen , Chen Libo
Published: January 2022

Objective

Sorafenib and lenvatinib have been recommended as standard tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for progressive radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma (RR-DTC). However, their efficacy remains limited with unresolved drug resistance. Therefore, we conceived this open-label study based on real-world evidence to investigate the efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with progressive RR-DTC.

Methods

Off-label use of apatinib as either initial treatment or salvage treatment for sorafenib resistance was investigated. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and the secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and safety.

Results

For all 28 enrolled patients, the median PFS was 15.1 months, with an ORR of 69.6%. The median OS was not reached at the data cut-off. In detail, the median PFS of 17.3 months and the ORR of 75% were determined in patients with TKI-naive RR-DTC (initial treatment group, n  = 14). And, in patients with first-line sorafenib-resistant RR-DTC (salvage treatment group, n  = 14), a median PFS of 12.0 months was reached, with an ORR of 45.5%. In the salvage treatment group, the median OS from the start of apatinib administration was 20.6 months, reaching 89.1 months from sorafenib treatment initiation. Adverse events at grade 3 or higher occurred in 64.3% of all subjects treated with apatinib.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that apatinib shows promise against RR-DTC with tolerable toxicity, representing a novel initial treatment for progressive RR-DTC and effective salvage treatment for RR-DTC resistant to sorafenib.
Importance of cortactin for efficient epithelial NF-ĸB activation by Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but not Campylobacter spp.
Authors: Tegtmeyer Nicole , Soltan Esmaeili Delara , Sharafutdinov Irshad , Knorr Jakob , Naumann Michael , Alter Thomas , Backert Steffen
Published: January 2022

Transcription factors of the nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB) family control important signaling pathways in the regulation of the host innate immune system. Various bacterial pathogens in the human gastrointestinal tract induce NF-ĸB activity and provoke pro-inflammatory signaling events in infected epithelial cells. NF-ĸB activation requires the phosphorylation-dependent proteolysis of inhibitor of ĸB (IĸB) molecules including the NF-ĸB precursors through ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. The canonical NF-ĸB pathway merges on IĸB kinases (IKKs), which are required for signal transduction. Using CRISPR-Cas9 technology, secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter assays and cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we demonstrate that the actin-binding protein cortactin is involved in NF-ĸB activation and subsequent interleukin-8 (IL-8) production upon infection by Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our data indicate that cortactin is needed to efficiently activate the c-Sarcoma (Src) kinase, which can positively stimulate NF-ĸB during infection. In contrast, cortactin is not involved in activation of NF-ĸB and IL-8 expression upon infection with Campylobacter species C. jejuni, C. coli or C. consisus, suggesting that Campylobacter species pluralis (spp.) induce a different signaling pathway upstream of cortactin to trigger the innate immune response.
Squatters’ Rights
Authors: Worsham Rebecca
Published: January 2022

Although ‘squatters’ have been identified in excavated contexts globally, it is unclear what this term actually means. In most archaeological publications, it seems to refer to the occupants of abandoned or destroyed buildings, especially those of the elite. ‘Squatting’, however, carries additional negative connotations which have been under-interrogated in the field. In this study, I explore the treatment of squatters in Anglophone archaeological writing, drawing upon two chronologically and geographically distinct examples: the Aegean Bronze Age and Late Roman North Africa. I argue that, in general, ‘squatters’ are identified uncritically and used as an index of cultural decline, with little consideration of the squatters—or reoccupants—themselves. Because ‘legitimacy’ of occupation is difficult to ascertain in archaeological contexts, I argue that this term is of little use in describing ancient reoccupation levels, particularly where they are distinguished only by their relative poverty. I suggest instead that an agency-centered assessment of impoverished architectural contexts is required.
The experimental method in Public Administration: lessons from replication in Psychology
Authors: Andrews Christina W. , Vries Michiel S. de
Published: January 2022

Abstract In recent years, an increasing number of studies adopting the experimental method have appeared in Public Administration journals. It has been argued that the advantage of experiments in behavioral sciences is that researchers can control contextual factors while investigating the effect of manipulations on a variable of interest. Another point is that experiments can be replicated and, thus, increase confidence in research results. However, replications are rarely undertaken, especially in the behavioral sciences. This article examines the results of the “Open Science Reproducibility Project: Psychology,” which replicated 100 experiments previously published in leading Psychology journals. Based on the findings of this project, we present seven recommendations to Public Administration scholars that can improve the quality of their experiments.
Understanding professional stratification and hybridisation in the medical profession: exploratory evidence from Brazilian federal university hospitals
Authors: Persson Erik , Ferlie Ewan , Baeza Juan
Published: January 2022

Abstract This paper explores drivers, implications, and trends of professional stratification and hybridisation in the medical profession employed in Brazilian substituir por: federal university hospitals (HUFs). Drawing on exploratory findings, we examine some repercussions of the migration of university hospitals to EBSERH, a public company established by the federal government to manage and organise HUFs integrated into the Unified Health System (SUS). Our research shows that transferring hospital administration to EBSERH has led to further internal stratification of the medical workforce. The shift from the logic of medical-academic professionalism to the new logic of business-like healthcare, with the adoption of distinct job contracts and more managerial logics of work and control, may well be changing subjective and formal links established between professionals, universities, and hospitals. We identify and discuss trends towards hybridisation and dehybridisation. These findings are relevant because this shift can have profound implications for the academic nature of HUFs and for the future of professionalism within these health and teaching organisations.
A relação entre demanda e desempenho dos magistrados: investigação de um modelo funcional em forma de U invertido
Authors: Manz Renan Marçal , Sousa Marcos de Moraes
Published: January 2022

Resumo A hipótese da produtividade exógena aponta a relação entre quantidade de juízes e desempenho como linear, porém várias fragilidades vêm sendo apontadas, como o limite de produção dos juízes. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é testar se o desempenho dos juízes em relação à demanda tem um modelo funcional em forma de U invertido. Os dados usados na pesquisa compreendem os anos de 2009 a 2019. Os resultados foram estatisticamente significantes para todas as variáveis analisadas, tanto para a justiça estadual quanto para a trabalhista, confirmando a hipótese de que o desempenho e a demanda judicial podem responder a um modelo funcional em forma de U invertido. A confirmação da hipótese de pesquisa traz luz à discussão sobre como a pressão da demanda afeta o desempenho e como elas se relacionam. Este artigo discutiu e endossou as conclusões de outros autores sobre fragilidades e incongruências da hipótese da produtividade exógena para o Judiciário. Há evidências empíricas de que o aumento da demanda judicial pressiona o aumento de desempenho dos juízes, mas esse crescimento tem limites, e a partir de determinado ponto isso pode declinar e afetar negativamente o desempenho.
Teoria Funcionalista dos Valores Humanos: Testando as hipóteses de conteúdo e estrutura no contexto pernambucano
Authors: Silva Paulo Gregório Nascimento da , Medeiros Emerson Diógenes , Gonçalves Marina Pereira , Gouveia Valdiney Veloso
Published: January 2022

Resumo A Teoria Funcionalista dos Valores Humanos (TFVH) compreende os valores como princípios-guia gerais, transcendendo objetos ou situações específicas. Objetivou-se testar as hipóteses de conteúdo e a estrutura da TFVH. Participaram 634 universitários (M idade =22,6), sendo a maioria mulheres (51,3%). Com a análise fatorial confirmatória (e.g., CFI=0,97, TLI=0,96 e RMSEA=0,04), testou-se a hipótese de conteúdo. Com o escalonamento multidimensional confirmatório (Proxscal), testou-se a hipótese de estrutura, indicando que os valores podem ser representados em um espaço 3 X 2 em que o 3 refere-se a tipo de orientação - pessoal, central e social - e o 2, a tipo de motivador - materialista e idealista. Concluiu-se que a TFVH reuniu evidências de sua adequação no contexto estudado, podendo ser utilizada para compreender os valores humanos e seus correlatos.
Pathological traits and adaptability as predictors of engagement, job satisfaction, burnout and workaholism
Authors: Salvador Ana Paula , Gonçalves André Pereira , Martins Gustavo Henrique , Carvalho Lucas de Francisco
Published: January 2022

Abstract This study aimed to test the predictive capacity of pathological traits of personality and career adaptability on four constructs that compose the well-being at work: work engagement, job satisfaction, burnout, and workaholism. A total of 204 Brazilian working adults (M age = 34.02, SD = 10.39) participated in the study, which responded to scales measuring pathological traits, career adaptability resources, and well-being components at work. Our findings indicate that pathological traits are, in general, negatively related to job satisfaction and work engagement and positively associated with burnout and workaholism. After the insertion of career adaptability, there was an increase in most of the models' explanation. The contribution of adaptability was significant only for job satisfaction prediction.
MAC: A Proposal for Consistent Actuarial Interest Rates in Pension Funds
Authors: Azambuja Sandro de , Campani Carlos Heitor
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: this article proposes the meta atuarial consistente (MAC) (consistent actuarial rate), which is a method that adjusts incompatible actuarial rates in pension funds, after investigating and proving that the rate dissociates from the general rule in current regulations (which binds this rate to the expected return of the investments of pension funds). Methodology: a sample with data from 22 defined-benefit plans was collected, and MAC was applied to produce consistent actuarial rates, after panel data methods have identified the elements that influence the definition of the actuarial rate by the pension fund board of trustees. Results: the use of MAC, adjusting actuarial rates of 2018 based on systematic biases in previous rates, enabled a positive effect that unfolds in more reliable estimates for the plans’ mathematical provision, while identifying elements that influence the determination of the annual rate, causing its non-compliance to the general rule. Conclusion: the adoption of MAC by the Brazilian supervisory authority Previc would improve the rules and provide subsidies to better adjust the contribution levels practiced in the plans, making their solvency levels more reliable, which would benefit the development of the insurance and pension market.
Restoration curves for infrastructure: preliminary case study on a bridge in Quebec, Canada
Authors: Godazgar Behfar , Balomenos Georgios , Tighe Susan
Published: January 2022

As critical infrastructures, bridges play an important role in the resilience and functionality of the transportation system. Typically, in the aftermath of an earthquake, the restoration process of the impacted region begins. It is vital for bridges to maintain their functionality and serviceability during this period in order to expedite the restoration process. In this regard, restoration functions are used to assess the functionality of bridges in a quantitative manner before an extreme event. This paper presents probabilistic resilience curve for the Chemin des Dalles Bridge (CDB) in Quebec, Canada by incorporating fragility and restoration profiles available in the literature. The CDB is designed according to older design codes, which they may lack seismic detailing, and it could therefore be susceptible to future earthquake damage. The resilience curves obtained were used to quantify the resilience of the CDB. The results indicate that the bridge has a resilient performance in a code-level earthquake. However, in order to improve resiliency in stronger events, the retrofit of vulnerable components should be considered.
Successfully managing Covid-19 on tunnelling operations for the Thames Tideway Tunnel, UK
Authors: Trigle Christina
Published: January 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic had a huge impact on the way the UK population lived and worked during 2020. This paper explores the challenges faced while boring the west section of the Thames Tideway Tunnel in London, UK, with particular focus on the first national lockdown that began in March 2020. It discusses how the reduction in personnel triggered closure of the site, the technical challenge of safely stopping a tunnel boring machine for extended periods of time and the practical difficulties of creating a Covid-safe environment in a challenging space. This case study can be used to inform other underground construction projects coping with coronavirus.
La motivación y el estudio de la función cuadrática con GeoGebra®
Authors: Rodriguez-Mendoza Ramiro , Suárez Oscar Jardey
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Describir las variables subyacentes de la motivación y estilos atribucionales de los estudiantes de educación básica de un colegio privado en Bogotá-Colombia, cuando estudian la función cuadrática apoyados en el software de Geometría dinámica  GeoGebra®. Método: con enfoque metodológico mixto. Se utiliza el inventario CEAP-48, de forma adicional se realiza una entrevista a un grupo focal. Los resultados se analizan bajo el Análisis de componentes principales con la  confiabilidad interna de coeficiente global  α  de  Cronbach. Resultados: el examen como motivación y el aprendizaje y su utilidad se mantienen como variables subyacentes a la motivación, en tanto que la calificación como motivación emerge como variable después de la implementación de la Secuencia Didáctica. GeoGebra®, en el decir de los estudiantes, es un elemento de motivación y mediación toda vez que permite experimentar, comprobar y visualizar algunas conjeturas. Discusión y Conclusiones: Las categorías propias del instrumento CEAP-48 muestran los mismos resultados en el pretest y postest de la investigación como en el de los autores del mismo, lo que indica que el instrumento tiene una validez diacrónica en el tiempo. Además, el examen hace parte de la motivación del estudiante, logrando afectar sus emociones en la academia.
Bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process. Clinical case report with unusual presentation and literary review
Authors:   Maxillofacial Surgery ISSSTE Hospital Reg. Gral. I. Zaragoza, México., Villegas Cisneros Alvaro , Miranda Villasana Ernesto ,   Maxillofacial Surgery ISSSTE Hospital Reg. Gral. I. Zaragoza, México., Varela Ibáñez Eduardo ,   Head of the Craniofacial Service and Division of Oral Health. Hospital del Niño DIF, Pachuca, Mexico.
Published: January 2022

The formation of a new joint between a pathologically enlarged coronoid process and the body of the malar bone is known as Jacob's disease. Hyperplasia of the coronoid process was first described in 1853 by von Langenbeck, and it was not until 1899 when Oscar Jacob described the disease that was named after him. Jacob's disease is an uncommon entity with only a few cases documented in the literature. The condition manifests at first with progressive limitation of the oral opening and facial asymmetry. The pain is infrequent and mainly affects young patients. Temporal muscle hyperactivity, cranial trauma, chronic displacement of the ipsilateral temporomandibular joint, endocrine stimuli and genetic alterations have been postulated as possible factors. The definitive diagnosis is by histopathology and it is necessary that bone hyperplasia is confirmed, as well as the presence of cartilage and synovial capsule forming the new joint between the malar bone and the coronoid process. We present a 10-year-old patient with a history of childhood trauma in the left preauricular region. It presented to our service with a history of progressive limitation of the oral opening. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an elongation of the bilateral coronoid process, in contact with homolateral zygomatic bone, causing its deformation. Surgery under general anesthesia was performed through the intraoral vestibular route. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of Jacob's disease. We review the literature regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
Prevention and intervention for victims of violence in occupational therapy
Authors: Young Wendy
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT South Africa has one of the highest rates of violent crime in the world resulting in a significant public health concern. The adverse effects are not limited to death and physical injury, but also include numerous other issues which are of immediate concern to occupational therapists, such as depression, anxiety and occupational disabilities. These are risk factors for substance abuse, relationship difficulties and unsafe sexual practices. Intergenerational effects occur when children witness or experience violence and a cycle of violence is established. Yet, occupational therapists contributing to the South African Journal of Occupational Therapy, South African Society of Hand Therapists and the 2018 World Federation of Occupational Therapy congress do not appear to have prioritised this topic. Occupational therapists have been called to address the social determinants of health, to rethink their roles, to become activists and to promote justice. This opinion piece serves as a stepping-stone to further encourage South African occupational therapists to consider a turnaround (pivot) and to face the challenge of becoming leaders in the Prevention and Intervention for victims of Violence in Occupational Therapy (PIVOT).
'If this is of God': Choosing to Curse in Ghanaian Charismatic Christianity
Authors: Aidoo Mark S.
Published: January 2022

African Christianity takes the challenges from their enemies and the evil forces seriously. There is hardly a call to love the enemy. Moreover, it is about destroying physical or spiritual beings that oppose one's wellbeing. In the African Pentecostal/Charismatic ministries, one finds pastors and prophets who are cursing their colleagues openly. This essay reflects on the cursing prayers of Bishop Dag Heward-Mills, the founder and Presiding Bishop of Lighthouse Chapel International, and Pastor Kelvin Elson Godson, founder of Zoe Outreach Embassy, Ogbodjo, Accra to explore their religious, ethical, and cultural justifications in contemporary neo-Charismatic ministries in Ghana in light of the African religious and cultural values. It uses the African cultural hermeneutics and paradigmatic approach in biblical ethics to show why the Akan of Ghana do not allow leaders of society to curse others. It shows that it is not only the motive and intention of the one at prayer but also the cultural and religious values that make cursing prayers legitimate or illegitimate.
Yoğunluk tabanlı kümeleme yöntemiyle karakteristiği oluşturulan yollar için RNN yöntemi ile kısa zamanlı trafik hız tahmini
Authors: AKIN Murat , SAĞIROĞLU Şeref
Published: January 2022

Büyük şehirlerin gelişimi ve buna bağlı olarak artan araç sayısı şehirler için şehir trafiğini arttırmakta, ulaşım sorununu ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Şehir trafiğini yönetmek için kamu ve özel kurumlar tarafından akıllı ulaşım ve yönetim sistemleri geliştirilmekte, bu sistemleri kullanarak trafik bileşenlerinden trafik akış, yoğunluk ve hız parametreleri tahmin edilmektedir. Bu çalışma, trafik hız tahmini için 9 aşamadan oluşan yeni bir tahmin modeli sunmaktadır. Sunulan modelde gerçek araç verileri, veri filtreleme ve harita eşleme işlemlerinden geçirilmiş, yoğunluk tabanlı kümeler oluşturulmuş, küme öznitelikleri üretilmiş, anlık trafik gösterimi yapılmış ve trafik hız tahmini yapay sinir ağı RNN modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha önce yapılan çalışmalarda, trafik hız tahmini sabit veri kaynakları ile belirli bir yolda veya dağıtık GPS kayıtları ile farklı günlerde yapılabilmekte iken, geliştirilen model ile istenilen ve belirlenen bölge için yoğunluk tabanlı kümeler ve kümelere ait öznitelikleri üretilerek ilgilenilen yol için karakteristik oluşturulmuş ve trafiğin kendi olasılığı içinde aynı gün içerisinde kısa zamanlı ve veri odaklı hız tahmini yapılmıştır. Hız tahmini Ankara iline ait Eskişehir yolu ve İstanbul yolu güzergâhlarında gerçekleştirilmiş, hız tahmini için RNN modeli varyantı olan LSTM ve GRU modelleri kullanılarak hata oranları tespit edilmiş, Eskişehir yolu güzergâhında LSTM-GRU modelleri hata oranları sırasıyla 8,589-8,507, İstanbul yolu güzergâhında model hata oranları 7,370-8,201 olarak ölçülmüştür. Trafiğin olasılıklı ve değişken yapısı için geliştirilen model ile gerçek zaman için başarılı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Önerilen modelin, gelecekte yapılacak olan trafik parametrelerinin tahmininde farklı ve yeni çözümler sunacağı, katkılar sağlayacağı, süreçleri hızlandıracağı ve en önemlisi ise kullanıcılara daha doğru ve hızlı hizmet verilmesine katkılar sağlayacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
Modern Buddhism and its Cultural Translations. Reflections from a Qualitative Case Study of Two European Zen Monks
Authors: Apud Ismael
Published: January 2022

Buddhism has expanded around the world as a variety of schools and branches. In Western countries, the encounter between modernity and Buddhism has resulted in a heterogenic cultural product called ‘Modern Buddhism.’ For several authors, it is a recent invention, quite different from ‘Traditional Buddhism.’ But is Modern Buddhism an exception in the history of Buddhism? The current article critically reflects on this question, using the notion of ‘cultural translation’ and, to do so, presents a qualitative case study of two European Zen monks. One is a Catalan monk from Spain; the other is a German abbot living in Japan. Interpretations and cultural translations of Buddhist ideas and practices are regarded as being influenced by the background of Modern Buddhism and by the singular personal biographical trajectories of the two monks. It will be argued that the cultural translations described in Modern Buddhism are not an exception but an expected interpretation.
Cuerpo, salud y autolegitimación en la contemporaneidad de los juegos y los bailes tradicionales
Authors: Suari Carlos
Published: January 2022

En este texto se parte del carácter paradójico del enfrentamiento entre la tradición y la contemporaneidad, considerando que el cambio, en sus innumerables manifestaciones, es la única forma de continuidad posible para cualquier práctica cultural. El análisis se detiene aquí en unas transformaciones en concreto. Se trata de las que tienen lugar en la fricción que se registra durante la perpetuación de algunos juegos y bailes tradicionales dentro del contexto fitness global. Sus practicantes, que se han adherido a ellos mediante la indiscutida costumbre familiar o a través de un nuevo compromiso de identificación étnica adquirido individualmente, son emisores y receptores potenciales de inéditos discursos, algunos de los cuales son el centro de esta etnografía. Concretamente, aquellos que como encarnación o como predicación se sitúan en el ámbito del cuerpo y de la salud pero que, no obstante, son asumidos heterogéneamente, pues también traen consigo ostensibles disidencias. Finalmente, se discute el régimen de influencias de lo global sobre lo tradicional en lo que a este trabajo respecta y se extrae en conclusión el papel autolegitimador de algunas de estas narrativas habida cuenta de la minorización social de estas prácticas etnomotrices en la actualidad.
El cuidado de mayores y dependientes
Authors: Deusdad Blanca
Published: January 2022

Reseña del libro: Comas-d’Argemir, Dolors y Bofill-Poch, Sílvia (eds.) (2021). El cuidado de mayores y dependientes. Barcelona: Icaria.
Brain, emotion and language. Theoretical perspectives applied to second language learning
Authors: Blanco Canales Ana , Rodríguez Castellano Carmen
Published: January 2022

Second language teaching methods have undergone constant innovation since the mid-twentieth century. However, this has not brought the desired results, suggesting the need to address other crucial factors as yet unexplored and particularly to understand how the brain learns and how language functions in the learning brain. This article examines several schools of thought from brain science and the science of the mind from the perspective of their potential relevance to language learning. The task is not without difficulty, given the enormous volume of available knowledge, requiring not only a thorough analysis of the scientific production but also, above all, a precise selection of material that can be integrated into the field of linguistics applied to the teaching of language, both in terms of research and methodological approaches. We will analyze concepts, theories and paradigms related to the fundamental capacities of the brain, such as perception, emotion, memory and language, in order to better understand how they function in the second language learning processes of as well as raising a series of questions that could be usefully addressed by future researchers in the field of applied linguistics. Our interest is to reflect on how this knowledge can offer new theoretical frameworks on which to build more effective second language teaching approaches and strategies.
Цифровые технологии как инструмент реконструкции театрального события
Authors:   Российский государственный институт сценических искусств, Чепурова О.А.
Published: January 2022

«Текст» спектакля — сложновоспроизводимая материя, буквальная «запись» которой невозможна. Реконструкция исторического спектакля, который не был зафиксирован ни на один из современных мультимедиа носителей — задача еще более сложная. Однако в данной статье описан опыт реализации проекта по воссозданию спектакля 1896 г. «Чайка». В работе представлена методика создания прототипа спектакля с помощью оцифровки исторических материальных и нематериальных артефактов, причастных к этой знаменитой постановке.
Community, Commons, Common Sense
Authors: Lijster Thijs
Published: January 2022

As De Angelis, Federici, and others have noted, there are “no commons without community.” The concept of community, however (as, among others, Jean‐Luc Nancy and Roberto Esposito have shown), has a dark history continuing up until today, when extreme right‐wing or even downright fascist appropriations of the concept have understood it as a static and identitarian unity bound to a specific territory or ethnicity. While commons‐scholars try to circumvent this legacy by emphasizing the commons as a “praxis” (Dardot and Laval) or “organizational principle” (De Angelis), they thereby tend to neglect the important cultural and symbolic connotations of the concept of community (which, in part, seem to make right‐wing movements appealing for certain segments of the population). In my article, I want to raise the following question: Do we need a sense of community for a politics of the commons, and, if so, what concept of community should it be? To answer this question, I will refer back to the use of the concept of “common sense” (sensus communis) in Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Judgment. Characteristic of Kant’s use of the term is that it does not refer to an actually existing community, but rather to an imaginary community that is anticipated in our (aesthetic) judgment. Common sense, in other words, involves “acting as if”—with the dual dimensions of acting (i.e., the community is based in praxis) and as if (an imagined, anticipated community bordering between the fictional and the real).
Vatican diplomacy and the Beagle conflict (1978 – 1984)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Danyliuk Ivan
Published: January 2022

The papal arbitration for the peaceful settlement of the confrontation between Argentina and Chile from 1978 to 1984 in the Beagle Strait on the islands of Picton, Lennox, Nueva is investigated in the article. Achieving this goal involves solving the following research tasks: to investigate the causes of the Argentine-Chilean conflict; to analyze the peculiarities of the Argentine-Chilean confrontation; to study the procedure of papal arbitration during the reconciliation of Argentina and Chile (1978–1984). Research methods: in the article used philosophical (metaphysics and dialectics), general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and modeling) and historical (ideographic, periodization, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic) methods. The scientific novelty of the results of the study is in analyze the causes, features of the course and exacerbation of the conflict between Argentina and Chile in 1978 – 1984, and attempts to conduct a comprehensive study of the negotiations and peaceful settlement of the Argentine-Chilean conflict in the Beagle Strait through mediation of Vatican diplomats. The author concludes that the 1978 armed confrontation between Argentina and Chile was prevented by the timely intervention of Roman Pontiff John Paul II, who proposed to the leaders of Argentina and Chile personally arbitrate the conflict in the Beagle Strait. The Pope’s timely intervention helped preserve the fragile peace between the two neighboring countries, as well as the resumption of diplomatic negotiation between Argentina and Chile under Vatican mediation. As a result of lengthy negotiations, Vatican diplomats managed to persuade the governments of Argentina and Chile to conclude a peace agreement and reconcile the two Latin American countries. Also, in the article was noted that the Pope and the Catholic clergy in Chile and Argentina used public diplomacy to influence keep peace between two countries. The Catholic Church in Argentina and in Chile was aware of the importance of public opinion and used instruments of public pressure to reconcile Argentina and in Chile. For example, the Catholic clergy in Argentina and in Chile used the media (television, radio, and the press) to call for peace and reconciliation. The Church has also begun organizing peaceful rallies, pilgrimages, and special masses in both Argentina and Chile designed to form public support for peace efforts.
The development of relations between Latin American and Caribbean countries and China
Authors:   State Institution «Institute of World History of NAS of Ukraine», Oliinyk Oleh
Published: January 2022

Faced with international isolation after the establishment of the People`s Republic of China, the country’s leaders have chosen to build relations with developing countries, including Latin American and the Caribbean, which in turn have supported the intentions of the Chinese leadership. The parties found an acceptable format for cooperation in both political and trade and economic spheres. Cooperation between China and the LAC promotes multipolarity and democracy in international relations, strengthens the voice of developing countries in international affairs, and protects the common interests of both parties and other developing countries. The objectives of the proposed article are to try to clarify the preconditions for the formation of relations between Latin America and the Caribbean countries and China, their genesis and impact on the socio-economic development of the parties and the formation of a new paradigm of relations. The methods we employed to do the research: the historical method which allowed to study the origin, formation and development of major historical events in the relations between Latin America and the Caribbean countries and China in chronological order; the comparative-historical method which helped to establish the content, forms, directions and perspectives of relations between Latin America and the Caribbean countries and China by comparison. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the in-depth analysis of the instrumental, conceptual foundations and practical aspects of the development of relations between Latin America and the Caribbean countries and China, as well as in forecasting potential trends in relations between the parties. Conclusions. Thanks to the gradual and well-thought-out policy of building bilateral relations between Latin America and the Caribbean countries and China, the parties were able to build effective, but at the same time pragmatic relations based on trust, equality and mutual benefit.
Argentina’s participation in the Paraguayan War (1864 – 1870)
Authors:   National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Chemodanova Olena
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to Argentina’s participation in the Paraguayan War (1864–1870) – one of the most tragic pages in the history of Latin America in the 19th century. The aim of the article was to analyze the reasons for Argentina’s engagement to the war, the course of the war, and its consequences for Argentina. The research methodology is based on general scientific principles and interdisciplinary approaches as well as special historical methods, in particular, comparative analysis, chronological, the method of micro history. There are no studies of Argentina’s participation in this conflict in Ukrainian historiography, while foreign researchers usually did not pay special attention to this narrow topic reaching more broad issues of Paraguayan War per se or Argentine politics and history in complex. So, the scientific novelty of the article lies in the focus on this specific issue and elaboration on macro (political movements) and micro (case studies) levels of the conflict. Conclusions. The main reasons for Argentina’s entry into the war were: internal political instability and the desire to suppress opposition to the ruling party, instability in Rio de la Plata region, unresolved territorial disputes. Despite the initial successes of the Paraguayan side, the war quickly entered an offensive phase. Conscription and military actions were marked by excessive cruelty and careless treatment of soldiers. It became one of the methods used to weaken political opponents. This led to resistance inside the country. The war provoked a few waves of epidemic. As a result of the war, Argentina gained new territories in the provinces of Misiones and Gran Chaco, but the country experienced significant economic and human losses. The national government and the Liberal Party strengthened, while the opposition Federalist Party marginalized. However, these successes in the field of nation-building were achieved at the cost of countless victims and human catastrophe of all sides of the conflict.
Three Global Human Migrations in Eurasia. – Vol. V: The Middle Paleolithic and Transition to the Upper Paleolithic in Africa and Southwestern Asia. The Origin of Modern Humans
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Derevianko A. P.
Published: January 2022

In the fi fth volume of the monograph ‘Three Global Human Migrations’, the key issues of the Middle Paleolithic and the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic in Africa are reviewed; the topic of evolvement of the early modern humans on this continent 200–100 ka BP and their dispersal into adjacent regions is addressed. The Middle Paleolithic issues and transition to the Early Upper Paleolithic in Southwestern Asia, possible assimilation of the original population with the migrants from Africa and evolvement of the modern humanity in the process of interbreeding are discussed. The book is addressed to specialists in the ancient history of humanity, postgraduates and students.
The Relationship of Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth Examples of Turkey and China (2000-2020)
Authors: Sürücü Lütfi , Eminer Fehiman , Sağbaş Murat
Published: January 2022

Defense expenditures are an important part of the financial strategies implemented by countries to ensure national security. The parameters of each country are affected differently from these expenditures. Therefore, evaluating the effects of defense expenditures on economic growth is a critical issue. In this context, this research studied the relationship between defense expenditures and economic growth. In accordance with the scope of this research, the relationship between the defense expenditures and economic growth of China and Turkey, which showed the highest increase in defense expenditures in the world from 2000 to 2020, was examined and the data of both countries were compared. The data were analyzed with the help of trend analysis and graphics in this research. The results of the analysis show that China and Turkey are different from each other and despite China's stable economic growth and defense expenditures, Turkey has a more volatile structure. While there is a relation between defense expenditures and economic growth in China, it is concluded that this is not the case for Turkey. The findings are of a quality that will increase awareness among policy makers and practitioners.
Monitoring the Effect of Vibrations in Rotating Shafts and Controlling Using Active Magnetic Bearings (AMBS)
Authors: Karrar Baher, Imad A. Abdulsahib, Qasim A. Atiyah
Published: January 2022

Vibrations in rotating shafts have been studied because of their great importance in engineering applications and ways to reduce these vibrations using modern techniques such as magnetic bearings and traditional bearings.A representative model of magnetic bearings was built using COMSOL program, and the effect of adding these bearings on amplitude, vibration reduction, and frequency behavior was calculated. When active magnetic bearings were added to the rotating systems, the level of vibrations was greatly reduced to about 60%, giving them a more stable and firm character. The changes that occur to the vibrations in the rotating shafts when changing the coil current and the distance of air gap in magnetic bearings, as well as the effect of a change in the amplitude of forces entering magnetic bearings on the value of the natural frequencies in magnetic bearings, were also monitored.Using SigView software, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was employed to evaluate system vibrations and detect the frequency domain of the system supported by active magnetic bearings.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Formation of Platform Law and its Evolution towards the Concept of Ecosystem Law
Authors: Kashkin S. Yu. , Altukhov A. V.
Published: January 2022

Digitalization is, perhaps, a distinct marker of our time, embodying modern values and vectors of development of economic and social processes in societies and states. However, the modern scientific and technological revolution, which significantly changes the architecture and functionality of the platform law that is being formed before our eyes, invariably entails the evolution of legal concepts that improve the regulation of innovations that appear in connection with its development. The popularity and a kind of indispensability of artificial intelligence technologies in everyday life naturally requires a legal assessment of the use of smart technologies and the creation of the necessary legal conditions for effective interaction of society with network law, platform solutions and ecosystems. The paper analyzes the impact of the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies into modern digital platforms from the point of view of the transformation of the needs for legal regulation and the evolution of platform law as an important legal regulator of the development of digital ecosystems for various purposes, which gives grounds to put forward the concept of the beginning of the process of formation of ecosystem law.

The authors draw attention to the fact that platform law competes with the law of the state and leads to the improvement of AI, which threatens the very existence of a person. As a result, there is a need to limit AI in the interests of ensuring human security, which is possible only within the framework of a new, «environmentally friendly» human system, i.e., an ecosystem functioning in the interests of man and humanity. In turn, such a system cannot exist without a new ecosystem law, the development of which legal science can and should predict.
Application of the Principles of Contract Law to Contractual Relations complicated by a Digital Element
Authors: Suvorov E. D.
Published: January 2022

The paper is devoted to the application of the principles of law in contractual relations, the emergence or implementation of which are associated with the use of digital means. The development of digital technologies has caused objective changes in the structure and qualities of economic turnover. At the same time, objective changes mean those that are formed due to changes in the behavior of private entities at the micro level.

The author substantiates the thesis according to which, in conditions of a lack of regulatory regulation, the relevant principles of law are in demand sources of law for resolving potential conflicts of interest. The author states that in conditions when the main categories of civil law are being revised — subjects (identity identification), objects (tokenization), transactions (ways of expressing will in the digital economy), fulfillment of obligations (smart contracts), the main thing that law will remain unchanged is its principles. The principles of law are lawthemselves; the rest is either changing forms of relations that law affects, or a changing mechanism for the implementation of legal ideas. In turn, it is the principles of law that contain invariable methods of resolving conflicts of interest, which is the main subject of law. Complicating the contractual relationship with a digital element not only does not cancel the application of principles to such relations, but at the stage of insufficient regulatory regulation as a means of implementing the principles of law requires their active use to resolve conflicts of interest.

The paper classifies some cases of digital means application at the stage of concluding a contract, fulfilling obligations, and enforcement. The potential of the principles of law for resolving disputable situations in digital contractual relations at each stage of the development of contractual legal relations is shown.