bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of the domain specific PLA2R antibodies for clinical remission in patients with primary membranous nephropathy: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Kezhi , Zhou Junyi , Zhou Leting , Xue Jing , Liu Bin , Zhang Zhijian , Zhang Xiran , Cai Ting , Shao Sijia , Huang Biao , Zhang Yi , Hu Zhigang , Wang Liang , Liu Xiaobin
Published: May 2024

Background

M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) is a major auto-antigen of primary membranous nephropathy(PMN). Anti-PLA2R antibody levels are closely associated with disease severity and therapeutic effectiveness. Analysis of PLA2R antigen epitope reactivity may have a greater predictive value for remission compared with total PLA2R-antibody level. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between domain-specific antibody levels and clinical outcomes of PMN.

Methods

This retrospective analysis included 87 patients with PLA2R-associated PMN. Among them, 40 and 47 were treated with rituximab (RTX) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) regimen, respectively. The quantitative detection of -immunoglobulin G (IgG)/-IgG4 targeting PLA2R and its epitope levels in the serum of patients with PMN were obtained through time-resolved fluorescence immunoassays and served as biomarkers in evaluating the treatment effectiveness. A predictive PMN remission possibility nomogram was developed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Discrimination in the prediction model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC).Bootstrap ROC was used to evaluate the performance of the prediction model.

Results

After a 6-month treatment period, the remission rates of proteinuria, including complete remission and partial remission in the RTX and CTX groups, were 70% and 70.21% (P = 0.983), respectively. However, there was a significant difference in immunological remission in the PLA2R-IgG4 between the RTX and CTX groups (21.43% vs. 61.90%, P = 0.019). Furthermore, we found differences in PLA2R-CysR-IgG4(P = 0.030), PLA2R-CTLD1-IgG4(P = 0.005), PLA2R-CTLD678-IgG4(P = 0.003), and epitope spreading (P = 0.023) between responders and non-responders in the CTX group. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that higher levels of urinary protein (odds ratio [OR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26–0.95; P = 0.035) and higher levels of PLA2R-CTLD1-IgG4 (OR, 0.79; 95%CI,0.62–0.99; P = 0.041) were independent risk factors for early remission. A multivariate model for estimating the possibility of early remission in patients with PMN is presented as a nomogram. The AUC-ROC of our model was 0.721 (95%CI, 0.601–0.840), in consistency with the results obtained with internal validation, for which the AUC-ROC was 0.711 (95%CI, 0.587–0.824), thus, demonstrating robustness.

Conclusions

Cyclophosphamide can induce immunological remission earlier than rituximab at the span of 6 months. The PLA2R-CTLD1-IgG4 has a better predict value than total PLA2R-IgG for remission of proteinuria at the 6th month.
Cover crops support the climate change mitigation potential of agroecosystems
Authors: Schön Jonas , Gentsch Norman , Breunig Peter
Published: May 2024

Cover crops have the potential to mitigate climate change by reducing negative impacts of agriculture on ecosystems. This study is first to quantify the net climate change mitigation impact of cover crops including land-use effects. A systematic literature and data review was conducted to identify major drivers for climate benefits and costs of cover crops in maize (Zea maize L.) production systems. The results indicate that cover crops lead to a net climate change mitigation impact (NCCMI) of 3.30 Mg CO2e ha-1 a-1. We created four scenarios with different impact weights of the drivers and all of them showing a positive NCCMI. Carbon land benefit, the carbon opportunity costs based on maize yield gains following cover crops, is the major contributor to the NCCMI (34.5% of all benefits). Carbon sequestration is the second largest contributor (33.8%). The climate costs of cover crops are mainly dominated by emissions from their seed production and foregone benefits due to land use for cover crops seeds. However, these two costs account for only 15.8% of the benefits. Extrapolating these results, planting cover crops before all maize acreage in the EU results in a climate change mitigation of 49.80 million Mg CO2e a-1, which is equivalent to 13.0% of the EU’s agricultural emissions. This study highlights the importance of incorporating cover crops into sustainable cropping systems to minimize the agricultural impact to climate change.
Surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with and without diabetes–Is there a difference in the frequency of surgical procedures?
Authors: Svensson Anna-Karin , Dahlin Lars B. , Rydberg Mattias , Perez Raquel , Zimmerman Malin
Published: May 2024

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) occurs more often among individuals with diabetes. The aim of this retrospective observational registry study was to examine whether individuals with diabetes and CTS are treated surgically to the same extent as individuals with CTS but without diabetes. Data on CTS diagnosis and surgery were collected from the Skåne Healthcare Register (SHR). A total of 35,105 individuals (age ≥ 18 years) diagnosed with CTS from 2004–2019 were included. Data were matched to the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR. Cox regression models were used to calculate the risk of the use of surgical treatment. Of the 35,105 included individuals with a CTS diagnosis, 17,662 (50%) were treated surgically, and 4,966 (14%) had diabetes. A higher number of individuals with diabetes were treated surgically (2,935/4,966, 59%) than individuals without diabetes (14,727/30,139, 49%). In the Cox regression model, diabetes remained a significant risk factor for surgical treatment (PR 1.14 (95% CI 1.11–1.17)). Individuals with type 1 diabetes were more frequently treated surgically (490/757, 65%) than individuals with type 2 diabetes (2,445/4,209, 58%). There was no difference between the sexes and their treatment. The duration of diabetes was also a risk factor for surgical treatment in diabetes type 2, but high HbA1c levels were not. Individuals with diabetes are more likely to be treated surgically for CTS than individuals without diabetes. Individuals with type 1 diabetes are more likely to be treated surgically for CTS than individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Expanding research impact through engaging the maker community and collaborating with digital content creators
Authors: Sheffield Jacob L. , Parkinson Bethany , Bascom Aliya , Bateman Terri , Magleby Spencer , Howell Larry L.
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes a method for increasing the impact of academic research by providing materials for public use, thus engaging the maker community, and by collaborating with internet content creators to extend the reach. We propose a framework for engagement and report a multi-year study that evaluates short, intermediate, and long-term outcomes, with a second effort to demonstrate repeatability of the short-term outcomes. In the first study, we posted forty-one 3D printable compliant mechanisms on public repositories and collaborated with physicist and content creator Derek Muller (Veritasium YouTube channel). Outputs and outcomes from this interaction were measured over 3 years. The framework was exercised again with four new 3D printable mechanisms in collaboration with engineer and STEM influencer Mark Rober. The proposed methods aim to help researchers extend the reach of their work to broader audiences, including professional engineers, hardware designers, educators, students, researchers, and hobbyists. This work demonstrates promising impacts of the framework, including (1) extending public awareness of research findings to broader audiences by engaging the maker community and collaborating with content creators, (2) accelerating the pace of innovation and further hardware-based research through public application of research findings, (3) fostering a culture of open-source design and collaboration among other researchers, engineers, educators, and makers, and (4) increasing utilization of peer-reviewed published content. These outreach practices can be valuable tools for researchers to increase impact of and excitement for their research.
Neonatal sepsis in a tertiary health facility in Cape Coast, Ghana
Authors: Craymah Joshua Panyin , Tuoyire Derek Anamaale , Adjei-Ofori Portia , Ekor Oluwayemisi Esther , Ninson Paul Aduoku , Ewusi Milton Henschel Kojo Armoh
Published: May 2024

Background

Neonatal Sepsis remains a significant burden globally, accounting for over 2.5 million neonatal deaths annually, with low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) including Ghana disproportionately affected. The current study sought to ascertain the prevalence of neonatal sepsis and associated factors based on analysis of institutional records from Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH) in Ghana.

Methods

The study involved a retrospective cross-sectional review of randomly sampled medical records of 360 neonates CCTH from January 2018 to December 2021. Descriptive proportions and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted to estimate the prevalence of neonates with sepsis and associated factors.

Results

The prevalence of neonates with sepsis over the period was estimated to be 59%, with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) accounting for about 29% and 30%, respectively. Neonatal factors associated with sepsis were low Apgar score (AOR = 1.64; 95% CI:1.01–2.67, p = 0.047) and low birth weight (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI:1.06–6.09, p = 0.037), while maternal factors were maternal education (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI:1.04–6.7, p = 0.040), caesarean deliveries (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI:0.26–0.75, p = 0.003), maternal infection (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI:1.09–2.94, p = 0.020) and foul-smelling liquor (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI:1.09–3.07, p = 0.020).

Conclusion

The study underscores the need for improved routine care and assessment of newborns to prevent the onset of neonatal sepsis, with particular emphasis on the neonatal and maternal risk factors highlighted in the current study.
The long-term trend in utilization of traditional Chinese medicine and associated factors among older people in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Chien-Jung , Chang Chuen-Chau , Chen Ta-Liang , Yeh Chun-Chieh , Lin Jaung-Geng , Liu Chieh-Hsing , Liao Chien-Chang
Published: May 2024

Background

Both the size of the older population and the use of complementary and alternative medicine are increasing worldwide. This study evaluated the long-term trend in utilization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and associated factors among older people in Taiwan.

Methods

Using the database of population-based interview surveys, we evaluated the one-month prevalence of TCM use among 13,945 older people aged over 65 years from 2001–2017. The sociodemographic status and medical comorbidities of older people who did and did not use TCM were compared by calculating adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in the multiple logistic regressions.

Results

The one-month prevalence of TCM use increased from 5.5% in 2001 to 9.1% in 2017 among older people in Taiwan. Overall, 7.3% of older people had used TCM within the previous month. People with a history of heart disease (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.24–2.12), use of folk therapy (OR 3.16, 95% CI 2.00–4.99), and purchase of non-prescribed Chinese herbal medicine (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.48–2.91) were more likely to use TCM than the comparison group. However, age ≥80 years (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.31–0.72) and previous hospitalization (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41–0.85) were associated with the reduced use of TCM.

Conclusion

From 2001–2017, the use of TCM increased in the older population in Taiwan. The use of folk medicine and purchase of non-prescribed Chinese herbal medicine were significant predictors for the use of TCM.
The associations between functional dyspepsia and potential risk factors: A comprehensive Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Zeyu , Liu Tangyi , Cao Dan , Luo Hui , Yang Ze , Kang Xiaoyu , Pan Yanglin
Published: May 2024

Background

Previous cross-sectional studies have identified multiple potential risk factors for functional dyspepsia (FD). However, the causal associations between these factors and FD remain elusive. Here we aimed to fully examine the causal relationships between these factors and FD utilizing a two-sample MR framework.

Methods

A total of 53 potential FD-related modifiable factors, including those associated with hormones, metabolism, disease, medication, sociology, psychology, lifestyle and others were obtained through a comprehensive literature review. Independent genetic variants closely linked to these factors were screened as instrumental variables from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A total of 8875 FD cases and 320387 controls were available for the analysis. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analytical approach to assess the relationship between genetic variants of risk factors and the FD risk. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the consistency of the findings using the weighted median model, MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO methods.

Results

Genetically predicted depression (OR 1.515, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.231 to 1.865, p = 0.000088), gastroesophageal reflux disease (OR 1.320, 95%CI 1.153 to 1.511, p = 0.000057) and years of education (OR 0.926, 95%CI 0.894 to 0.958, p = 0.00001) were associated with risk for FD in univariate MR analyses. Multiple medications, alcohol consumption, poultry intake, bipolar disorder, mood swings, type 1 diabetes, elevated systolic blood pressure and lower overall health rating showed to be suggestive risk factors for FD (all p<0.05 while ≥0.00167). The positive causal relationship between depression, years of education and FD was still significant in multivariate MR analyses.

Conclusions

Our comprehensive MR study demonstrated that depression and lower educational attainment were causal factors for FD at the genetic level.
Identification of hub glutamine metabolism-associated genes and immune characteristics in pre-eclampsia
Authors: Mao Yan , Li Xinye , Ren Rui , Yuan Yue , Wang Li , Zhang Xuehong
Published: May 2024

Objective

Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe complication of unclear pathogenesis associated with pregnancy. This research aimed to elucidate the properties of immune cell infiltration and potential biomarkers of PE based on bioinformatics analysis.

Materials and methods

Two PE datasets were imported from the Gene ExpressioOmnibus (GEO) and screened to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Significant module genes were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). DEGs that interacted with key module genes (GLu-DEGs) were analyzed further by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. The diagnostic value of the genes was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using GeneMANIA, and GSVA analysis was performed using the MSigDB database. Immune cell infiltration was analyzed using the TISIDB database, and StarBase and Cytoscape were used to construct an RBP-mRNA network. The identified hub genes were validated in two independent datasets. For further confirmation, placental tissue from healthy pregnant women and women with PE were collected and analyzed using both RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry.

Results

A total of seven GLu-DEGs were obtained and were found to be involved in pathways associated with the transport of sulfur compounds, PPAR signaling, and energy metabolism, shown by GO and KEGG analyses. GSVA indicated significant increases in adipocytokine signaling. Furthermore, single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) indicated that the levels of activated B cells and T follicular helper cells were significantly increased in the PE group and were negatively correlated with GLu-DEGs, suggesting their potential importance.

Conclusion

In summary, the results showed a correlation between glutamine metabolism and immune cells, providing new insights into the understandingPE pathogenesis and furnishing evidence for future advances in the treatment of this disease.
Analysis of intestinal epithelial cell responses to Cryptosporidium highlights the temporal effects of IFN-γ on parasite restriction
Authors: Pardy Ryan D. , Walzer Katelyn A. , Wallbank Bethan A. , Byerly Jessica H. , O’Dea Keenan M. , Cohn Ian S. , Haskins Breanne E. , Roncaioli Justin L. , Smith Eleanor J. , Buenconsejo Gracyn Y. , Striepen Boris , Hunter Christopher A.
Published: May 2024

The production of IFN-γ is crucial for control of multiple enteric infections, but its impact on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) is not well understood. Cryptosporidium parasites exclusively infect epithelial cells and the ability of interferons to activate the transcription factor STAT1 in IEC is required for parasite clearance. Here, the use of single cell RNA sequencing to profile IEC during infection revealed an increased proportion of mid-villus enterocytes during infection and induction of IFN-γ-dependent gene signatures that was comparable between uninfected and infected cells. These analyses were complemented by in vivo studies, which demonstrated that IEC expression of the IFN-γ receptor was required for parasite control. Unexpectedly, treatment of Ifng-/- mice with IFN-γ showed the IEC response to this cytokine correlates with a delayed reduction in parasite burden but did not affect parasite development. These data sets provide insight into the impact of IFN-γ on IEC and suggest a model in which IFN-γ signalling to uninfected enterocytes is important for control of Cryptosporidium.
Impaired upper respiratory tract barrier function during postnatal development predisposes to invasive pneumococcal disease
Authors: Lokken-Toyli Kristen L. , Aggarwal Surya D. , Bee Gavyn Chern Wei , de Steenhuijsen Piters Wouter A. A. , Wu Cindy , Chen Kenny Zhi Ming , Loomis Cynthia , Bogaert Debby , Weiser Jeffrey N.
Published: May 2024

Infants are highly susceptible to invasive respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. To elucidate the age-dependent mechanism(s) that drive bacterial spread from the mucosa, we developed an infant mouse model using the prevalent pediatric respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn). Despite similar upper respiratory tract (URT) colonization levels, the survival rate of Spn-infected infant mice was significantly decreased compared to adults and corresponded with Spn dissemination to the bloodstream. An increased rate of pneumococcal bacteremia in early life beyond the newborn period was attributed to increased bacterial translocation across the URT barrier. Bacterial dissemination in infant mice was independent of URT monocyte or neutrophil infiltration, phagocyte-derived ROS or RNS, inflammation mediated by toll-like receptor 2 or interleukin 1 receptor signaling, or the pore-forming toxin pneumolysin. Using molecular barcoding of Spn, we found that only a minority of bacterial clones in the nasopharynx disseminated to the blood in infant mice, indicating the absence of robust URT barrier breakdown. Rather, transcriptional profiling of the URT epithelium revealed a failure of infant mice to upregulate genes involved in the tight junction pathway. Expression of many such genes was also decreased in early life in humans. Infant mice also showed increased URT barrier permeability and delayed mucociliary clearance during the first two weeks of life, which corresponded with tighter attachment of bacteria to the respiratory epithelium. Together, these results demonstrate a window of vulnerability during postnatal development when altered mucosal barrier function facilitates bacterial dissemination.
Distributional Transform Based Information Reconciliation
Authors:   Federal University of Campina Grande, Dias Micael , de Assis Francisco
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we present an information reconciliation protocol designed for Continuous-Variable QKD using the Distributional Transform. By combining tools from copula and information theory, we present a method for extracting independent symmetric Bernoulli bits for Gaussian-modulated CVQKD protocols, which we called the Distributional Transform Expansion (DTE). We derived the expressions for the maximum reconciliation efficiency for both homodyne and heterodyne measurements, which, for the last, is achievable with an efficiency greater than 0.9 at a signal-to-noise ratio lower than -3.6 dB.
Bile Acid Diarrhea Is Associated With an Increased Incidence of Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Ellegaard Anne-Marie , Kårhus Martin L. , Winther-Jensen Matilde , Knop Filip K. , Kårhus Line L.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Bile acid diarrhea (BAD) is an underrecognized and socially debilitating disease caused by high concentrations of bile acids in the colon. Bile acids directly and indirectly promote carcinogenesis. In this article, we investigated whether individuals with BAD have an increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.

METHODS:

By using the Danish health registries, adult individuals with BAD were identified by International Classification of Diseases 10th revision code K90.8 or referral to the diagnostic ⁷⁵selenium-homotaurocholic acid test followed by prescription of a bile acid sequestrant within 365 days (n = 5,245). Age- and sex-matched individuals without BAD were included for comparison (n = 52,450). We analyzed the cumulative incidence of GI cancers after BAD diagnosis and the odds ratios (ORs) of GI cancer 8 and 15 years before BAD diagnosis/matching.

RESULTS:

Cumulative incidence of GI cancer 6 years after BAD diagnosis/matching was 1.6% in the BAD group and 1.1% in controls (P = 0.01). The ORs of total GI cancer 8 and 15 years before BAD diagnosis were 6.16 (5.08–7.48) and 5.19 (4.28–6.29), respectively. Furthermore, 47 individuals with BAD (0.9%) and 250 (0.5%) controls died of GI cancer.

DISCUSSION:

This nationwide cohort study indicates an association between BAD and GI cancers. We found both a higher incidence of GI cancer after BAD diagnosis compared with controls and increased OR of GI cancer before BAD diagnosis. Bearing in mind the underdiagnosis of BAD, the delay of BAD diagnosis, and the carcinogenic effect of bile acids, these findings warrant further investigations of the risk of GI cancer in individuals with BAD.
A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Microbiome-Based Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Personalized Diet vs Low-Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols Diet: A Novel Approach for the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Tunali Varol , Arslan Naciye Çiğdem , Ermiş Beyza Hilal , Derviş Hakim Gözde , Gündoğdu Aycan , Hora Mehmet , Nalbantoğlu Özkan Ufuk
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Personalized management strategies are pivotal in addressing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This multicenter randomized controlled trial focuses on comparing the efficacy of a microbiome-based artificial intelligence-assisted personalized diet (PD) with a low-fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet (FODMAP) for IBS management.

METHODS:

One hundred twenty-one patients participated, with 70 assigned to the PD group and 51 to the FODMAP diet group. IBS subtypes, demographics, symptom severity (IBS-SSS), anxiety, depression, and quality of life (IBS-QOL) were evaluated. Both interventions spanned 6 weeks. The trial's primary outcome was the within-individual difference in IBS-SSS compared between intervention groups.

RESULTS:

For the primary outcome, there was a change in IBS-SSS of −112.7 for those in the PD group vs −99.9 for those in the FODMAP diet group (P = 0.29). Significant improvement occurred in IBS-SSS scores (P < 0.001), frequency (P < 0.001), abdominal distension (P < 0.001), and life interference (P < 0.001) in both groups. In addition, there were significant improvements in anxiety levels and IBS-QOL scores for both groups (P < 0.001). Importantly, PD was effective in reducing IBS SSS scores across all IBS subtypes IBS-Constipation (IBS-C; P < 0.001), IBS-Diarrhea (IBS-D; P = 0.01), and IBS-Mixed (IBS-M; P < 0.001) while FODMAP diet exhibited comparable improvements in IBS-C (P = 0.004) and IBS-M (P < 0.001). PD intervention significantly improved IBS-QOL scores for all subtypes (IBS-C [P < 0.001], IBS-D [P < 0.001], and IBS-M [P = 0.008]) while the FODMAP diet did so for the IBS-C (P = 0.004) and IBS-D (P = 0.022). Notably, PD intervention led to significant microbiome diversity shifts (P < 0.05) and taxa alterations compared with FODMAP diet.

DISCUSSION:

The artificial intelligence-assisted PD emerges as a promising approach for comprehensive IBS management. With its ability to address individual variation, the PD approach demonstrates significant symptom relief, enhanced QOL, and notable diversity shifts in the gut microbiome, making it a valuable strategy in the evolving landscape of IBS care.
Utility of a Third Heplisav-B Dose in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Without Immunity After 2-Dose Heplisav-B Vaccination
Authors: Karime Christian , Black Cecily N. , Cortes Pedro , Kwon Joshua Y. , Caldera Freddy , Crosby Sheena K. , Picco Michael F. , Kinnucan Jami A. , Hashash Jana G. , Farraye Francis A.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is recommended in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although the 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccine has proven effective, more than 20% of patients with IBD do not seroconvert. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of a third Heplisav-B dose in patients with IBD lacking HBV immunity despite 2-dose vaccination.

METHODS:

Adults with IBD who had received 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccination between 2018 and 2023 were identified. Seroconversion was defined as hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) ≥ 10 IU/L measured at ≥4 weeks after vaccination. Patients who did not seroconvert were prospectively offered a third Heplisav-B dose, followed by repeat HBsAb measurement. Demographic, clinical, medication, and vaccination data were compared between those who did and did not seroconvert.

RESULTS:

Of 192 patients identified, 71.9% (138/192) seroconverted after 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccination. The 54 patients (28.1%) who did not seroconvert were more likely to be male, have diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or elevated Charlson Comorbidity Index. Of the 54 patients, 30 (55.6%) elected to receive a third Heplisav-B dose, with 56.7% (17/30) achieving seroconversion (median HBsAb titer 376 IU/L, IQR 47–1,000 IU/L) despite a median intervaccination time of 416 days (IQR 90.8–667.8). No differences were noted between patients who did vs did not seroconvert after third-dose vaccination.

DISCUSSION:

In patients with IBD lacking HBV immunity despite 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccination, administration of a third dose resulted in a 56.7% seroconversion rate. Our results suggest that administration of an additional Heplisav-B dose may be an effective strategy in patients lacking immunity despite primary 2-dose vaccination.
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Risk Factors of Young-Onset Gastric Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yunhao , Hahn Anne I. , Laszkowska Monika , Jiang Fang , Zauber Ann G. , Leung Wai K.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The characteristics of gastric carcinoma in young individuals differ from that in older individuals. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the clinicopathological features and risk factors associated with young-onset (younger than 50 years) gastric carcinoma.

METHODS:

We searched for studies published between January 1, 1990, and September 1, 2023, on patients with young-onset gastric carcinoma in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and MEDLINE to explore clinicopathological characteristics among this specific patient group. Extracted information included the proportion of patients with symptoms or family history of gastric cancer, tumor location, and histological features such as Lauren or World Health Organization histological classification and degree of differentiation. Additional analyses were conducted on risk factors such as positive family history, Helicobacter pylori infection, or high-risk nutritional or behavioral factors. The estimates were derived using random or fixed-effect models and included subgroup analyses based on different sex and age groups. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023466131).

RESULTS:

We identified 5,696 records, 1,292 were included in the quality assessment stage. Finally, 84 studies from 18 countries or regions including 89,447 patients with young-onset gastric carcinoma were included. Young-onset gastric carcinoma has slight female predominance (53.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6–55.7%), with most having symptoms (87.0%, 95% CI: 82.4%–91.7%). Family history was reported in 12.1% (95% CI: 9.5%–14.7%). H. pylori infection was detected in 60.0% of cases (95% CI: 47.1%–72.8%). Most of these carcinomas were in the non-cardia region (89.6%, 95% CI: 82.4%–96.8%), exhibiting Lauren diffuse-type histology (71.1%, 95% CI: 66.8%–75.3%) and poor/undifferentiated features (81.9%, 95% CI%: 79.7–84.2%). A positive family history of gastric cancer was the most important risk factor associated with the development of gastric carcinoma in young individuals (pooled odds ratios 4.0, 95% CI: 2.8–5.2), followed by H. pylori infection (odds ratio 2.3; 95% CI: 1.4–3.2) and dietary and other lifestyle risk factors.

DISCUSSION:

Young-onset gastric carcinoma exhibits specific clinicopathological characteristics, with positive family history being the most important risk factor. Most of the patients were symptomatic at diagnosis. These findings could help to inform future strategies for the early detection of gastric carcinoma among young individuals.
Feminismo e liberdade
Authors: Antonio Denise Bordin da Silva , Simão Angélica Karim Garcia
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma reflexão sobre a representação, por meio do léxico, do valor da liberdade feminina em anúncios publicitários de marcas da indústria da beleza. Entende-se que a utilização de lexias representativas do discurso feminista na publicidade é uma estratégia de apropriação comercial para atingir um público-alvo e que, consequentemente, contribui para uma despolitização de valores feministas, que passam a ser divulgados como produtos a serem consumidos. Para a análise, partiu-se da transcrição de anúncios audiovisuais produzidos entre 2015 e 2021, selecionando trechos em que aparecem unidades lexicais que simbolizam a liberdade das mulheres, tais unidades foram determinadas como representativas do léxico feminista, com base em um Corpus do Léxico Feminista, denominado Lex-Fem (Antonio, 2022). Constatou-se a presença de lexias que representam o ideal da liberdade em enunciados relacionados aos produtos anunciados e a práticas que, tradicionalmente, não se distanciam de imposições feitas paras as mulheres. Além disso, os excertos analisados revelam que o discurso construído nos comerciais não representa a categoria das mulheres em sua heterogeneidade, resultando em produções que dialogam mais diretamente com mulheres brancas e de classes socioeconômicas privilegiadas, indo na direção oposta ao que é proposto pelos discursos feministas, que objetivam uma luta coletiva e plural, visando atender às reivindicações específicas de diferentes mulheres.
Estilo formal e estilo de conversação em textos didáticos
Authors: Troster Tomás
Published: May 2024

À luz dos trabalhos de Richard E. Mayer sobre o chamado princípio de personalização, este artigo investiga duas concepções antagônicas sobre o estilo textual mais propício para uma aprendizagem significativa: estilo formal ou estilo de conversação. Partindo de um caso ocorrido durante a edição de uma obra autoral, avalio os argumentos apresentados por Mayer a favor do uso de cada um desses estilos textuais em mensagens educacionais e obras didáticas. Em seguida, traço um panorama dos experimentos conduzidos por Mayer que corroboraram a eficácia do princípio de personalização. Por fim, retomo meu caso particular, contrastando-o com os resultados obtidos pelo autor e destacando a importância de que mensagens educacionais busquem estabelecer um diálogo efetivo com seus leitores.
Contribuições de Tecnologia do Oprimido para a área de Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL)
Authors: Costa Alan Ricardo , Silva Peterson Luiz Oliveira da
Published: May 2024

O objeto de análise desta resenha é a obra Tecnologia do Oprimido: desigualdade e o mundano digital nas favelas do Brasil, de David Nemer. Com um estudo sensível às pessoas e suas práticas tecnológicas cotidianas na favela, o autor busca no legado de Paulo Freire o conceito de “oprimido” para repensar as “tecnologias mundanas”, razão principal por que contribui com a área de Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL), ou “ensino e aprendizagem de línguas mediado por tecnologias”. Tal campo, que pode nutrir-se de produções acadêmicas de várias áreas, como a Sociologia, a Informática e a Educação, encontra no livro de Nemer conteúdo substancial para novas pesquisas e trabalhos futuros.
ANOMALIAS DE VALORES DE KSN E LINEAMENTOS DE RELEVO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO IPOJUCA (BRASIL): EVIDÊNCIA DE CONTROLE ESTRUTURAL
Authors: Melo Jonas Herisson Santos de , Silva Wemerson Flávio da , Girão Osvaldo , Monteiro Kleython de Araújo , Lira Daniel Rodrigues de
Published: May 2024

O controle estrutural na bacia hidrográfica do rio Ipojuca é evidenciado por dados morfométricos, como forma e contexto geológico, considerando a rede de drenagem sobre a Zona de Cisalhamento Pernambuco. Métodos como relação de bifurcação, curva hipsométrica, inclinação de canal, perfil longitudinal, lineamentos de relevo e cálculo de relevo local foram utilizados para entender esse controle. A metodologia aplicada revelou resultados que confirmam os aspectos morfométricos observados na bacia, como relação de bifurcação de 4,14, indicando controle estrutural na drenagem. A forma alongada da bacia, a curva integral hipsométrica, mostram características maduras, mas longe do equilíbrio, e a alta densidade de lineamentos de relevo em cotas altimétricas, especialmente no baixo curso. O alto curso apresenta rebaixamento, abaixo do perfil ideal, e indícios de possível captura fluvial em relação à bacia do rio Ipanema. Esse estudo fornece resultados quantitativos sobre os controles estruturais na bacia do rio Ipojuca, especialmente condicionados ao Lineamento Pernambuco.
Sentipensar o debate socioambiental
Authors: Cichoski Pamela , Corona Hieda Maria Pagliosa , Rubin-Oliveira Marlize
Published: May 2024

O presente texto tem por objetivo sentipensar as contribuições da pesquisa-participante para/no debate socioambientais, tendo como ponto de partida as contribuições de Carlos Rodrigues Brandão e Orlando Fals Borda. Nesse exercício, buscamos identificar contribuições desses autores, respeitando diferenças e princípios fundamentais de suas práticas epistemológicas e ontológicas, no movimento de produção de conhecimentos. Assim, tomamos algumas de suas obras, como inspiração para a realização de nossa pesquisa, tendo em vista aspectos como participação, comunicação sistemática, relação sujeito-sujeito e compromisso político e social. Nesse sentido, percebemos alguns elementos de aproximação entre os autores, atentas às suas abordagens e concepções acerca do fazer ‘ciência’ com e para os sujeitos. Por fim, cabe destacar que apesar dos pontos de divergência identificados, podemos perceber um aspecto fundamental de convergência, sendo a produção de conhecimentos contextualizados, num ritmo de aproximação respeitosa entre universidade e comunidade-lugar. Assim, tanto na pesquisa participante quanto na Investigação-ação-participativa, percebe-se a construção de abordagens que são diferentes, mas não antagônicas, podendo estas serem, em alguns casos (singulares e contextualizadas), tomadas como complementares.
Modelos conceituais de sistemas agroflorestais agroecológicos
Authors: Gonçalves Bárbara Denise Ferreira , Araújo Sérgio Murilo Santos de , Barros Júnior Genival
Published: May 2024

O atual momento apela por novos paradigmas que ajudem a sociedade a redirecionar sua rota rumo à melhoria da qualidade de vida associadamente à melhoria da qualidade ambiental. Os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAF’) agroecológicos são uma tecnologia que além de promover uma agricultura sustentável tem o reconhecido potencial de preservar o meio ambiente. O artigo discute a criação dos Modelos Conceituais de SAF’s agroecológicos - instrumentos da informação que integram práticas de sustentabilidade na agropecuária e ações estratégicas para o alcance de Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável relacionados - e podem ser usados por agricultores familiares e instituições que atuam na agricultura familiar a fim de auxiliá-los em seus processos de implantação, manejo e gestão de SAF’s. Em face do exposto, evidenciam-se a metodologia puramente científica e a transversalidade de saberes dos agricultores agrofloresteiros na criação dos Modelos Conceituais, com notoriedade à importância do Trabalho de Campo e da Pesquisa Participante, aos quais integram-se perspectivas de Carlos Rodrigues Brandão, tanto à discussão destas técnicas quanto às análises e reflexões de constituintes do mundo rural que os Modelos Conceituais abrangem.
Sistema de ensino e pandemia COVID-19: ensino remoto, desafios e política educacional brasileira
Authors: Gomides Bárbara Barra , Silva Marcelo Soares Pereira da
Published: May 2024

No início de 2020 no Brasil, em decorrência do isolamento social na pandemia por COVID-19, houve a suspensão das aulas presenciais modificando abruptamente o funcionamento do sistema de ensino. Esse novo contexto foi caracterizado principalmente pelo uso obrigatório de aparatos tecnológicos para o ensino remoto e da ausência de respostas governamentais efetivas e igualitárias em apoio a educação. Esse novo sistema arraigado a uma lógica capitalista mercadológica histórica intensificou as desigualdades no Brasil no que tange a perspectiva democrática de acesso à educação. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral compreender, de modo contextualizado e historicamente situado, o cenário político-administrativo e educacional brasileiro no contexto da pandemia no período de 2020-2021. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e analítico, por meio de livros, artigos e documentos envolvendo a temática. A busca de dados foi realizada na biblioteca virtual SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e no site da secretaria da educação. De acordo com os resultados encontrados, foi observado que o ensino remoto foi implantado às pressas e sem a consideração das múltiplas realidades brasileiras, gerando desafios imensuráveis a todos os sujeitos da educação. Muitos alunos foram “invisibilizados” e seus direitos educacionais negados, além do aumento da carga de trabalho e redução dos salários do corpo docente, o que intensificou as desigualdades sociais e a fragilidade das escolas brasileiras. A reflexão aqui proposta reitera a necessidade da discussão e do posicionamento deste tema por meio de políticas educacionais junto aos sujeitos da educação na expectativa de promover uma educação efetiva e igualitária.
O Projeto Principal de Educação e a internacionalização da reforma curricular latino-americana: reverberações na BNCC
Authors: Cruz Bruno Nicolau Cerine da , Monteiro Jorge Henrique de Lima , Martineli Telma Adriana Pacifico
Published: May 2024

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os boletins informativos publicados pela Unesco/Orealc, de 1982 a 1999, para orientar o Projeto Principal de Educação e a reforma curricular na América-Latina, em particular a BNCC, no Brasil. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de caráter documental fundamentada pelos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de Shiroma, Campos e Garcia (2005). Por meio da análise do discurso, foi possível identificar que o Projeto Principal de Educação influenciou a construção da política educacional brasileira com alguns princípios, tais como: a gestão financeira da educação, o aluno como protagonista no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento de habilidades para atender às demandas do mercado de trabalho.
Internacionalização da educação: tendências globais e desafios nacionais
Authors: Costa Ana Sheila Fernandes , Akkari Abdeljalil , Souza Joiciane Aparecida de
Published: May 2024

Na atualidade, especialistas em educação têm se dedicado ao debate relativo à existência de políticas educacionais nacionais à luz de padrões e conceitos trazidos pela globalização. Este dossiê temático mostra que apesar das pressões e orientações exercidas pela globalização neoliberal e pelas Organizações Internacionais (OIs), ainda existe espaço para as políticas educacionais nacionais que levam em conta a vinculação histórica da educação, as relações de força no espaço educacional e as dinâmicas específicas dos atores educacionais (professores, pesquisadores, técnico-administrativos, gestores, etc.). Em nível nacional e internacional os pesquisadores têm se debruçado, a partir de diferentes quadros teóricos e abordagens metodológicas, em compreender o fenômeno que neste dossiê denominaremos de internacionalização da educação. A diversidade de enfoques, perspectivas de análises e terminologias adotadas refletem a complexidade do tema, como podemos observar nos estudos desenvolvidos por Bourdon (2002); Laval e Weber (2002); Dale (2004); Robertson e Dale (2002); Beech (2006, 2009, 2012); Akkari (2011); Lauwerier e Akkari (2011); Costa (2015); Oliveira (2020); Ball (2020); Verger (2019); Shiroma (2020), entre outros.
Internacionalização da Educação Superior: visão geral e experiência brasileira - Entrevista: Dra. Rossana Valéria de Souza e Silva
Authors: Costa Ana Sheila Fernandes , Akkari Abdeljalil , Souza Joiciane Aparecida de
Published: May 2024

Em entrevista, a Profa. Dra. Rossana Valéria de Souza e Silva narra sua trajetória na gestão da cooperação internacional e compartilha experiências vivenciadas na Internacionalização da Educação Superior, em quase 25 anos de atuação. Seu percurso profissional, que coincide com o período de intensificação da implementação da internacionalização da Educação Superior no Brasil, revela o importante papel desempenhado em ações empreendidas em níveis de políticas públicas nacionais e institucionais. Por fim, nossa entrevistada ressalta os desafios, as mudanças e avanços observados na cooperação internacional universitária e sinaliza possíveis caminhos para seu incremento e consolidação.
Análise Geográfica da Distribuição de Temperatura da Superfície, Cobertura Vegetal e sua Relação com Indicadores Socioeconômicos – Cuiabá/MT
Authors: Soria Lucyla Silva , Mengue Vagner Paz , Scottá Fernando Comerlato
Published: May 2024

No Brasil e no Mundo os problemas consequentes do planejamento urbano, as alterações da cobertura do solo, e o aumento da infraestrutura urbana, influenciam na mudança de temperatura. O objetivo desta pesquisa é entender a diferença de temperatura nos últimos 36 anos (1985-2021) da cidade de Cuiabá/MT, e sua relação com a vegetação e os fatores socioeconômicos e étnico raciais. Foram utilizadas imagens anuais (36 imagens) do satélite Landsat 5 e 8 entre os anos de 1985 a 2021, o Google Earth Engine foi utilizado para obtenção destes dados da área urbana da cidade de Cuiabá. Foram realizados mapeamento da distribuição espacial da temperatura da superfície, vegetação e alteração dos usos e cobertura do solo através dos dados do projeto MapBiomas, os dados socioeconômicos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) censo de 2010. Os resultados indicaram que nos últimos 36 anos a temperatura da superfície de Cuiabá aumentou em média 13°C, como parte do resultado do crescimento de infraestruturas urbanas e perda de cobertura vegetal, em específico nas áreas periféricas, existindo assim, uma desigualdade entre a população com alta renda que vive em bairros com temperatura mais amenas e a população de baixa renda que vive em bairros com temperaturas mais elevadas. Nos dados de temperatura e cor da pele, a população branca no geral vive em bairros com temperaturas mais amenas, diferentemente da população preta que em sua maioria sofre com as condições de altas temperaturas.
HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA FISIK DAN KUALITAS TIDUR TERHADAP KELELAHAN KERJA PADA PEKERJA WANITA DENGAN PERAN GANDA DI PT ISKANDARTEX SURAKARTA
Authors: Az Zahra Cellina Salsabila Shofa , Sumardiyono Sumardiyono , Sari Yulia
Published: May 2024

Dual-role women workers in the industrial sector will endure extra burdens and require greater energy. Dual-role women workers tend to experience work fatigue because they have a bigger workload. The extra workload and the imbalanced sleeping need can cause health problem such as work fatigue. The research aims to determine the correlation between physical workload and sleep quality with work fatigue of dual-role women workers at PT Iskandartex Surakarta. This research used an analytic observational study, with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents from this study were all women workers of reaching unit PT Iskandartex Surakarta totaling 30 people with a sampling technique using total sampling. Measurement data used a weight scale and stopwatch to measure physical workload, sleep quality measurement used the pittsburgh sleep quality index, and a reaction timer used to measure work fatigue. The data analysis technique used chi-square for bivariate test and binary logistic regression for the multivariate test. The outcomes showed the majority of respondents had medium physical workload (53,5%), poor sleep quality (56,7%), and experienced work fatigue (60%). The chi-square test results showed that there was a significant relationship between physical workload and work fatigue (p value = 0,000) and there was also a significant relationship between sleep quality and work fatigue (p value = 0,000). The result of the binary logistic regression test showed that the physical workload (OR = 38,022) is more influenced by fatigue than sleep quality (OR = 16,190).
Hubungan Beban Kerja Mental dengan Kelelahan Kerja dan Stres Kerja pada Pegawai PT X
Authors: Marfuah Nurvita , Sumardiyono Sumardiyono , Fauzi Rachmawati Prihatina
Published: May 2024

PT X is a company engaged in the electricity sector whose work is administrative services related to selling and distributing energy. As a form of customer satisfaction, employees must address customer complaints. Demands for completing targets on time and public complaints are getting higher, forcing employees to wok overtime outside of working hours. These demands cause high mental workload. In addition, the disproportionate number of employees and the workload given make employees complain about symptoms of work fatigue and stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between mental workload with work fatigue and work stress in the PT X. This study is quantitative observasional analytic with a cross sectional apporach with a population of 107 employess of PT X and a sample of 107 employees. The data collection technique is total sampling. Measuring data on mental workload and work stress using a questionnaire and for work fatigue using a reaction timer. The analysis technique used was distributive for univariate analysis and somer’s test for bivariate analysis. The results of the somer'd correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between mental workload and work fatigue, with a moderate correlation and positive direction (+) (p = 0.000; r = 0.503), and a significant relationship between mental workload and work stress, with a strong correlation and positive direction (+) (p = 0.000; r = 0.622). There is a correlation between mental workload with work fatigue and work stress for employees at PT X. To employess can adjust working hours properly to demands of duties or responbilities ouside of work and employess should use the rest time that has been given properly.