bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomimetic Janus Collagen Patch with Antideformation, Antiadhesion, and Prohealing Properties for Rehabilitation of Full‐Layer Uterine Injuries, Toward Efficient Live Births
Authors: Kang Xinyi , Yang Wen , Gao Xu , Zhou Ling , Yu Ziyang , Dong Qun , Chen Yanyan , Dai Jianwu , Zhang Hong
Published: April 2023

Uterine abnormalities infertility can be treated with implantable patches for tension‐free healing. However, the existing clinical patches are still limited in effective uterus recovery, resulting in low pregnancy and live birth rates. Herein, a novel engineered, and biocompatible Janus collagen patch (JCOP) is developed to achieve excellent uterine defect recovery and increase effective live births. The JCOP can highly match the structure, micromorphology, and mechanical properties of a natural uterus due to homologous‐like tissue homogeneity. JCOP's rough surface and loose‐extracellular‐matrix‐like porosity promote fibroblast adhesion and tissue regeneration, whereas its smooth surface reduces fibroblast adhesion and prevents visceral adhesions. Additionally, it exhibits exceptional resistance to swelling and deformation along with stable mechanical strength for long‐term preservation in the body and can withstand the highest uterine pressure in a humid interior environment attributed to its superior structural layout. Moreover, JCOP@bF, a functional JCOP linked to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) via a specific collagen‐binding domain, significantly promotes repair of the injured uterus, restores the ability of the endometrium to accept embryos, and supports their development to a viable stage in a rat model of uterine damage. This study shows great promise for treating infertility caused by uterine damage.
A Single Multiomics Transistor for Electronic Detection of SARS‐Cov2 Variants Antigen and Viral RNA Without Amplification
Authors: Ban Deependra K. , Hajian Reza , Winton Alexander J. , Eom Ryan , Gupta Ankit , Kane Alexander A. , Liu Sanchao , Sampath Rangarajan , Farrell Michael L. , Coppock Matthew B. , Goldsmith Brett , Aran Kiana
Published: April 2023

The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic caused a public health crisis throughout the world and highlighted the need for rapid and sensitive testing as a countermeasure. A sensitive and specific biosensor platform is developed for the detection of antigen and RNA of SARS‐CoV‐2, and its variant (B1.1.529). The demonstrated biosensor platform combines unique protein catalyzed capture bioreceptors (PCCs) for antigen capture and a chimeric (RNA‐DNA) probe for RNA detection using LwaCas13a collateral cleavage activity atop graphene field effect transistors (gFETs). The reported biosensor is able to differentiate unprocessed 104 pfu m−1 samples of SARS‐CoV‐2 from Influenza and Rhinovirus. The limit of detection (LOD) calculated for SARS‐CoV‐2 antigen is 103 in buffer and 104 PFU mL−1 in 10% saliva, while LOD of ≈65 am calculated for viral RNA isolate without amplification. To provide a high reliability of detection, the role of internal and external factors with respect to gate voltage is further analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Based on PCA analysis, the authors are able to classify the samples as pathogen positive or negative (Y > 0: Positive for pathogen, Y < 0: Negative for pathogen). The reported platform can be quickly adapted for multi‐omics and multiplexed diagnosis of continuously evolving biothreats and global pandemics.
Scalable Synthesis of Bulk TiO2 Hybrids Toward Efficient Li‐Storage Performance in “Rocking‐Chair” Type Full‐Cell Assembly With High Voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode
Authors: Jyothilakshmi Shaji , Subramanyan Krishnan , Lee Yun‐Sung , Aravindan Vanchiappan
Published: April 2023

Exploring anode materials with outstanding safety, high capacities, and superior rate performance for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) remains a constant objective. A simple and green synthesis method with an excellent electrochemical performance of a TiO2 bronze/anatase hybrid is herein reported as an anode at different temperature conditions (400 °C, 450 °C, and 500 °C) for LIBs. The Li‐ion insertion/extraction properties are studied in a half‐cell assembly (Li/TiO2) and subsequently in a “rocking‐chair” type full‐cell configuration with a high voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) cathode. In both half and full‐cell assemblies, all three TiO2 hybrids exhibit promising results with an initial discharge capacity of >165 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 0.05 A g−1 along with a capacity retention of >90% after 100 cycles. The initial coulombic efficiency of ≈78% is observed for the full‐cell, LNMO/TiO2‐400 °C, with a maximum energy density of 192.75 Wh kg−1 and good cyclability at room temperature conditions.
Review on III–V Semiconductor Nanowire Array Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Li Ziyuan , He Zeyu , Xi Chenyang , Zhang Fanlu , Huang Longsibo , Yu Yang , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati , Fu Lan
Published: April 2023

In recent years, III–V semiconductor nanowires have been widely investigated for infrared photodetector applications due to their direct and suitable bandgap, unique optical and electrical properties, flexibility in device design and to create heterostructures, and/or grow on a foreign substrate such as Si with more effective strain relaxation compared with planar structures. In particular, vertically aligned and ordered nanowire arrays have emerged as a promising photodetector platform, since their geometry‐related light absorption and carrier transport properties can be tailored to achieve high photodetector performance and new functionalities. In this article, the state‐of‐the‐art progress in the development of various types of infrared photodetectors based on III–V semiconductor nanowire arrays is reviewed. The nanowire synthesis/fabrication methods are introduced briefly at first, followed by discussions on the working principle and device performance of various types of nanowire array‐based photodetectors and their emerging applications. Finally, we analyze the challenges and present the perspectives for the development of future low‐cost, large‐scale, high‐performance nanowire array infrared photodetectors for practical applications.
Perennial forages in cold‐humid areas: Adaptation and resilience‐building strategies toward climate change
Authors: Thivierge Marie‐Noëlle , Bélanger Gilles , Jégo Guillaume , Delmotte Sylvestre , Rotz C. Alan , Charbonneau Édith
Published: April 2023

In the continental cold and humid areas of northeastern North America, climate change by mid‐century may increase the yield potential of perennial forage species as a result of increased temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration, and a longer growing season compared to the 1990−2000 period. More winter thaws and less snow cover along with more summer drought events, however, may reduce winter survival and summer regrowth, thus potentially reducing the persistence of perennial forages over time. Based on nearly two decades of research on the effects of climate change on forages in cold and humid areas of northeastern North America, through field experiments and modeling, we summarize in this review the expected effects of climate change on forage production in terms of yield, nutritive value, and winter survival. We also propose a set of 12 adaptation and resilience‐building strategies for forage systems that can be implemented at the field and farm levels. Research priorities for the future, including the improvement of species, forage management practices, and modeling tools, are also identified. Implementing strategies to alleviate or take advantage of the effects of a changing climate may improve productivity and resilience of well‐adapted forage systems in cold and humid areas.
Dualkatalytisch‐Photochemische H‐Atomtransfer/Kobaltkatalysesequenz Ermöglicht Desaturative Synthese von Phenolen aus Cyclohexanonen
Authors: Caldora Henry P. , Zhang Zhenhua , Tilby Michael J. , Turner Oliver , Leonori Daniele
Published: April 2023

Phenole gehören zu den grundlegendsten aromatischen Strukturen, die nicht nur in einer Vielzahl von Naturstoffen zu finden sind, sondern auch routinemäßig für die Herstellung von wertvollen Produkten eingesetzt werden. Die Synthese hochsubstituierter Phenolderivate kann jedoch äußerst komplex sein, wenn das gewünschte Substitutionsmuster nicht durch die dirigierenden Effekte der elektrophilen aromatischen Substitution (SEAr) erreicht werden kann. In diesem Aufsatz präsentieren wir einen alternativen und mechanistisch einzigarten Ansatz zur Phenolsynthese, der saturierte Cyclohexanone als Ausgangsstoffe verwendet. Dieser bei Raumtemperatur ablaufende Prozess wird durch die Nutzung von violettem Licht ermöglicht und kennzeichnet sich durch den Einsatz einer Anthrachinon‐Kobalt‐Dualkatalyse, welcher vier aufeinanderfolgende Wasserstoffatomtransfers ermöglicht.
Role of stemness‐related genes TIMP1, PGF, and SNAI1 in the prognosis of colorectal cancer through single‐cell RNA‐seq
Authors: Shen Yan , Ni Siyi , Li Si , Lv Bin
Published: April 2023

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a fatal malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can cause metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance in CRC. This research aimed to analyze stemness‐related prognostic genes of CRC based on single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data.

Methods

DESeq2 was applied to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The mRNA stemness index (mRNAsi) was calculated by one‐class logistic regression (OCLR). The stemness‐related cells were analyzed based on scRNA‐seq dataset GSE166555. Monocle 2 algorithm was used for stemness‐related cells pseudotime trajectory analysis. The stemness‐related prognostic genes were analyzed by clusterProfiler and survival package. The stemness of CRC cells was detected by spheroid formation assay, and the expression of stemness‐related prognostic genes was verified by qRT‐PCR and Western blot.

Results

7916 DEGs between the CRC and normal tissues were obtained. The mRNAsi of the CRC tissues was shown to be significantly higher than that of the normal tissues. 7 and 8 cell types were annotated respectively in the normal and CRC tissues through analysis of the scRNA‐seq data. Cell–cell interactions (CCIs) in the tumor tissues were revealed to be significantly enhanced than that in the normal tissues. By calculating the ‘stemness score’, CSCs, epithelial cells (EPCs) and cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were defined as stemness‐related cells. Through pseudotime trajectory analysis, 2111 genes were identified as state 2‐specific genes. Then, 41 genes were obtained by taking intersection of the up‐regulated genes with state 2‐specific genes and marker genes of CSCs, EPCs and CAFs. The univariate COX regression analysis revealed 5 stemness‐related prognostic genes (TIMP1, PGF, FSTL3, SNAI1 and FOXC1). Kaplan–Meier curve analysis indicated that the higher the expression of 5 genes, the lower the survival rate. In vitro cell experiment confirmed that the expression of TIMP1, PGF and SNAI1 was consistent with that revealed by bioinformatics analysis.

Conclusions

TIMP1, PGF and SNAI1 were identified as stemness‐related prognostic genes of CRC, and possibly potential therapeutic targets for CRC.
Single‐cell characteristics and malignancy regulation of alpha‐fetoprotein‐producing gastric cancer
Authors: Mei Yanxia , Li Ming , Wen Jihang , Kong Xiangxing , Li Jun
Published: April 2023

Objective

To characterize alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP)‐producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) at the single‐cell level and to identify regulatory factors for AFP expression and malignancy.

Methods

ScRNA‐seq was performed on two tumors collected from patients with AFPGC. InferCNV and sub‐clustering were applied to identify typical AFPGC cells, followed by AddModuleScore, pathway enrichment, Pseudo‐time, and Scenic analyses. Data from a gastric cancer (GC) cohort were collected for conjoint analysis. The analytical results were verified by cell experiments and immunohistochemistry.

Results

AFPGC cells are similar to hepatocytes in transcriptome and transcriptional regulation, with kinetic malignancy‐related pathways, compared to the common malignant epithelium. In addition, compared to common GC cells, malignancy‐related pathways, such as epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis, were upregulated in AFPGC. Mechanistically, Dickkopf‐1 (DKK1) was found to be associated with AFP expression and malignant phenotype upon combining our scRNA‐seq data with a public database, which was further verified by a series of in vitro experiments and immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion

We demonstrated the single‐cell characteristics of AFPGC and that DKK1 facilitates AFP expression and malignancy.
A five arm natural history study of nasal vestibulitis
Authors: Cathcart‐Rake Elizabeth J. , Zahrieh David , Smith Deanne , Young Susan , McCue Shaylene , O'Connor Amanda , Thomé Stephan , Lacouture Mario , Register Terra , Piens Jill , Friday Bret B. , Loprinzi Charles L.
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Nasal symptoms are frequently reported by patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods

Eligible patients planning to receive paclitaxel, docetaxel, nab‐paclitaxel, bevacizumab without a concomitant taxane, or “other” (non‐taxane, non‐bevacizumab) chemotherapy regimens were invited to participate in this prospective study. Patients reported nasal symptoms prior to each dose of chemotherapy.

Results

The percentage of patients (95% CI) who reported nasal symptoms was the same for patients who received bevacizumab or nab‐paclitaxel, 82.6% (61.2%, 95.1%). There were no significant differences among the proportions of patients experiencing nasal symptoms within the paclitaxel, nab‐paclitaxel, and bevacizumab cohorts. Patients in the nab‐paclitaxel cohort were more likely to experience symptoms than those in the non‐taxane non‐bevacizumab cohort or docetaxel cohort (p = 0.001, p = 0.001). Patients in the bevacizumab cohort were more likely to experience nasal symptoms than those in the non‐taxane non‐bevacizumab cohort (p = 0.03).

Conclusion

Nasal vestibulitis symptoms are common in patients receiving chemotherapy, especially those receiving paclitaxel, docetaxel, and bevacizumab. Further investigations into treatments of this symptom complex are warranted.
Inequalities in survival and care across social determinants of health in a cohort of advanced lung cancer patients in Quebec (Canada): A high‐resolution population‐level analysis
Authors: Qureshi Samia , Boily Gino , Boulanger Jim , Pagé Élisabeth , Strumpf Erin
Published: April 2023

Background

Advanced lung cancer patients exposed to breakthrough therapies like EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKI) may experience social inequalities in survival, partly from differences in care. This study examined survival by neighborhood‐level socioeconomic and sociodemographic status, and geographical location of advanced lung cancer patients who received gefitinib, an EGFR‐TKI, as first‐line palliative treatment. Differences in the use and delay of EGFR‐TKI treatment were also examined.

Methods

Lung cancer patients receiving gefitinib from 2001 to 2019 were identified from Quebec's health administrative databases. Accounting for age and sex, estimates were obtained for the median survival time from treatment to death, the probability of receiving osimertinib as a second EGFR‐TKI, and the median time from biopsy to receiving first‐line gefitinib.

Results

Among 457 patients who received first‐line treatment with gefitinib, those living in the most materially deprived areas had the shortest median survival time (ratio, high vs. low deprivation: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.47–1.04). The probability of receiving osimertinib as a second EGFR‐TKI was highest for patients from immigrant‐dense areas (ratio, high vs. lowdensity: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.26–3.36) or from Montreal (ratio, other urban areas vs. Montreal: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16–0.71). The median wait time for gefitinib was 1.27 times longer in regions with health centers peripheral to large centers in Quebec or Montreal in comparison to regions with university‐affiliated centers (95% CI: 1.09–1.54; n = 353).

Conclusion

This study shows that real‐world variations in survival and treatment exist among advanced lung cancer patients in the era of breakthrough therapies and that future research on inequalities should also focus on this population.
A Novel Near‐IR Absorbing Ruthenium(II) Complex as Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy and its Cetuximab Bioconjugates
Authors: Martínez‐Alonso Marta , Gandioso Albert , Thibaudeau Chloé , Qin Xue , Arnoux Philippe , Demeubayeva Nurikamal , Guérineau Vincent , Frochot Céline , Jung Alain C. , Gaiddon Christian , Gasser Gilles
Published: April 2023

A novel Ru(II) cyclometalated photosensitizer (PS), Ru‐NH2, for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of formula [Ru(appy)(bphen)2]PF6 (where appy=4‐amino‐2‐phenylpyridine and bphen=bathophenanthroline) and its cetuximab (CTX) bioconjugates, Ru‐Mal‐CTX and Ru‐BAA‐CTX (where Mal=maleimide and BAA=benzoylacrylic acid) were synthesised and characterised. The photophysical properties of Ru‐NH2 revealed absorption maxima around 580 nm with an absorption up to 725 nm. The generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) upon light irradiation was confirmed with a 1O2 quantum yield of 0.19 in acetonitrile. Preliminary in vitro experiments revealed the Ru‐NH2 was nontoxic in the dark in CT‐26 and SQ20B cell lines but showed outstanding phototoxicity when irradiated, reaching interesting phototoxicity indexes (PI) >370 at 670 nm, and >150 at 740 nm for CT‐26 cells and >50 with NIR light in SQ20B cells. The antibody CTX was successfully attached to the complexes in view of the selective delivery of the PS to cancer cells. Up to four ruthenium fragments were anchored to the antibody (Ab), as confirmed by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. Nonetheless, the bioconjugates were not as photoactive as the Ru‐NH2 complex.
Predictors of hemodynamic response to mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair
Authors: Samimi Sahar , Chavez Ponce Alejandra , Alarouri Hasan S. , Shaer Ahmed El , Eleid Mackram F. , Guerrero Mayra E. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Alkhouli Mohamad
Published: April 2023

Background

Improvement in left atrial pressure (LAP) during transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) is associated with improved outcomes. We sought to investigate the predictors of optimal hemodynamic response to TEER.

Methods

We identified patients who underwent TEER at Mayo Clinic between May 2014 and February 2022. Patients with missing LAP data, an aborted procedure, and those undergoing a concomitant tricuspid TEER were excluded. We performed a logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of optimal hemodynamic response to TEER (defined as LAP ≤ 15 mmHg).

Results

A total of 473 patients were included (Mean age 78.5 ± 9.4 years, 67.2% males). Overall, 195 (41.2%) achieved an optimal hemodynamic response after TEER. Patients who did not achieve an optimal response had higher baseline LAP (20.0 [17–25] vs. 15.0 [12–18] mmHg, p < 0.001), higher prevalence of AF (68.3% vs. 55.9%, p = 0.006), functional MR (47.5% vs. 35.9%, p = 0.009), annular calcification (41% vs. 29.2%, p = 0.02), lower left ventricular EF (55% vs. 58%, p = 0.02), and more frequent postprocedural severe MR (11.9% vs. 5.1%, p = 0.02) and elevated mitral gradient >5 mmHg (30.6% vs. 14.4%, p < 0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, AF (OR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.35–0.96; p = 0.03), baseline LAP (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.75–0.84; p < 0.001) and postprocedural mitral gradient <5 mmHg (OR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.19–0.65; p < 0.001), were independent predictors of achieving an optimal hemodynamic response. In the multivariate model, residual MR was not independently associated with optimal hemodynamic response.

Conclusions

Optimal hemodynamic response is achieved in 4 in 10 patients undergoing TEER. AF, higher baseline LAP, and higher postprocedural mitral gradient were negative predictors of optimal hemodynamic response after TEER.
Estimation of the chain propagation rate constants of propylene polymerization and ethylene‐1‐hexene copolymerization catalyzed with MgCl2‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalysts
Authors: Zhong Wentao , Xu Tao , Shen Xianrong , Fu Zhisheng , Cai Xiaoxia , Liu Haitao , Wang Qi , Fan Zhiqiang
Published: April 2023

In olefin polymerization with MgCl2‐supported Ziegler–Natta (Z–N) catalysts, the apparent propagation rate constant (kp)a calculated by Rp = (kp)a [C*] CMe (CMe is equilibrium monomer concentration in the reaction system) declines with reaction time for gradually developed monomer diffusion limitation in the polymer/catalyst particles. In this work, a simplified multi‐grain particle model was proposed to build correlation between (kp)a and other kinetic parameters that can be determined experimentally. Rate profiles of propylene polymerization and ethylene‐1‐hexene copolymerization by three MgCl2‐supported Z–N catalysts were determined, and the (kp)a data was calculated using [C*] determined by quench‐labelling the propagation chains with acyl chloride. Decline of (kp)a in each polymerization process was precisely fitted by the linear correlation between lg(kp)a and [(ρcatmp)/(ρpmcat) + 1]1/3 developed on the particle model. Real propagation rate constant (kp) was estimated by extrapolating the fitting line to the starting point of polymerization, where no concentration gradient exists. According to the particle model, the slope of the lg(kp)a versus [(ρcatmp)/(ρpmcat) + 1]1/3 line (lgd) represents the degree of monomer diffusion limitation. Variations of parameter d found in the studied reaction systems can be reasonably explained based on the knowledge of olefin diffusion in the polymer phase.
Effects of an educational physical activity intervention in young women with newly diagnosed breast cancer: Findings from the Young and Strong Study
Authors: Ligibel Jennifer A. , Zheng Yue , Barry William T. , Sella Tal , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Greaney Mary L. , Rosenberg Shoshana M. , Emmons Karen M. , Partridge Ann H.
Published: April 2023

Background

Obesity and inactivity are poor prognostic factors in breast cancer, but less is known regarding physical activity (PA) and weight patterns in young breast cancer survivors.

Methods

The Young and Strong Study was a cluster‐randomized trial evaluating education and support interventions for young women (age <45 years) with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Sites were randomized 1:1 to a Young Women's Intervention (YWI) or a contact‐time control physical activity intervention (PAI). Changes in PA and weight were compared between groups using general estimating equations to evaluate clustered binary and Gaussian data.

Results

A total of 467 patients enrolled between July 2012 and December 2013 across 54 sites. Median age at diagnosis was 40 years (range, 22–45). At baseline, median body mass index (BMI) was 25.4 kg/m2 (range, 16.1–61.1), and participants reported a median of 0 minutes (range, 0–2190) of moderate/vigorous PA/week. PA increased significantly over time in both groups (p < .001), with no difference between groups at any time point. BMI increased modestly but significantly (p < .001) over time in both groups. Provider attention to PA was observed in 74% of participants on PAI and 61% on YWI (p = .145) and correlated with PA at 12 months (median 100 min/week of PA in participants with provider attention to PA vs. 60 min/week in those without, p = .016).

Conclusions

In a cohort of young women with breast cancer, rates of obesity and inactivity were high. PA and BMI increased over time and were not impacted by an educational PA intervention. Findings provide important information for developing lifestyle interventions for young breast cancer survivors.
Factors Influencing COVID‐19 Risk: Insights From Molnupiravir Exposure‐Response Modeling of Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Chawla Akshita , Birger Ruthie , Wan Hong , Cao Youfang , Maas Brian M. , Paschke Amanda , De Anda Carisa , Rizk Matthew L. , Stone Julie A.
Published: April 2023

Molnupiravir (MOV) is an oral antiviral for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in outpatient settings. This analysis investigated the relationship between β‐D‐N4‐hydroxycytidine (NHC) pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes in patients with mild to moderate COVID‐19 in the phase III part of the randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled MOVe‐OUT trial. Logistic regression models of the dependency of outcomes on exposures and covariates were constructed using a multistep process. Influential covariates were identified first using placebo arm data, followed by assessment of exposure‐dependency in drug effect using data from both the placebo and MOV arms. The exposure‐response (E‐R) analysis included 1,313 participants; 630 received MOV and 683 received placebo. Baseline viral load, baseline disease severity, age, weight, viral clade, active cancer, and diabetes were identified as significant determinants of response using placebo data. Absolute measures of viral load on days 5 and 10 were strong on‐treatment predictors of hospitalization. An additive area under the curve (AUC)‐based maximum effect (Emax) model with a fixed Hill coefficient of 1 best represented the exposure‐dependency in drug effect and the AUC50 was estimated to be 19,900 nM hour. Patients at 800 mg achieved near maximal response, which was larger than for 200 or 400 mg. The final E‐R model was externally validated and predicted that the relative reduction in hospitalization with MOV treatment would vary with patient characteristics and factors in the population. In conclusion, the E‐R results support the MOV dose of 800 mg twice daily to treat COVID‐19. Many patient characteristics and factors impacted outcomes beyond drug exposures.
Water resource management and financial performance in high water‐sensitive corporates
Authors: Ji Yuguang , Ji Maoli , Yang Gang , Dong Shulan
Published: April 2023

Water is a valuable resource in the world, and water resource management is an important aspect of corporate social responsibility. Does water resource management affect corporate financial performance? What is the influencing path? To find the potential relationship and influencing mechanism between water resource management and corporate financial performance, based on configuration thinking, we selected 259 A‐share listed manufacturing corporates from 2015 to 2021 as research samples, using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method (fsQCA) to explore the configuration and influencing path of water resource management affecting financial performance. Then we analyzed it with the configuration that CSR score (excluding “environmental responsibility”) affects financial performance. Our results show that: (1) poor water management and low CSR score will lead to bad corporate financial performance, but the former's severity of negative impact on corporate financial performance is more than that of the latter. Specific configurations indicate that companies with little water‐related concrete actions implemented and technology innovation will severely hurt the financial performance. (2) Good water resources management cannot directly achieve high financial performance while high CSR score can make it, indicating that water resource management is a necessary but not sufficient condition for high corporate financial performance. Our research has unmasked the "black box" influencing mechanism of water resource management on corporate financial performance to some extent, which makes the configuration relationship between water resource management and financial performance clearer, therefore owns certain theoretical significance and practical value in the field of CSR and environmental management.
A one‐point second‐order Dirichlet boundary condition for the thermal lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhu Hanhua
Published: April 2023

A one‐point second‐order Dirichlet boundary condition for convection‐diffusion equation based on the lattice Boltzmann method has been proposed. The unknown temperature distribution is interpolated from the distributions at the wall node and fluid node nearest to the wall in the direction of the lattice velocity. At the wall node, the unknown temperature distribution is expressed as a summation of equilibrium and nonequilibrium distributions. The equilibrium distribution is obtained using the wall temperature, while the nonequilibrium distribution is approximated from the nearest fluid node in the direction of the lattice velocity. Both asymptotic analysis and numerical simulations of heat conduction indicate that the Dirichlet boundary condition is second‐order accurate. Further comparisons demonstrate that the newly proposed boundary method is sufficiently accurate to simulate natural convection, convective and unsteady heat transfer involving straight and curved boundaries.
Longitudinal relationship between prosocial behavior and meaning in life of junior high school students: A three‐wave cross‐lagged study
Authors: Xie Jinyan , Wen Zhonglin , Shen Jiaqi , Tan Yitian , Liu Xiqin , Yang Yuhong , Zheng Xiaohong
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Despite much cross‐sectional research linking prosocial behavior and meaning in life, few studies have investigated the longitudinal relationship between these two constructs. The article examines the bidirectional longitudinal association between prosocial behavior and meaning in life among junior high school students.

Methods

A prospective design was adopted, incorporating three measurement occasions (with approximately 6‐month intervals, from 2020 to 2021). Data were collected from 764 students (mean age = 12.46, SD = 0.64 years, and 51.4% girls). All participants responded to a questionnaire survey that included the Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ‐C) and Prosocial Tendencies Measure (PTM‐C). Cross‐lagged panel models were used to analyze the data.

Results

(1) Prosocial behavior predicted positively the presence of meaning over time and vice‐versa. (2) There was no bidirectional association between the search for meaning and prosocial behavior. (3) There was no gender difference in the bidirectional relationship between meaning in life and prosocial behavior.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that educators should highlight the presence of meaning in adolescent life education from a long‐term perspective and encourage students to engage in more prosocial activities.
Use of either transcranial or whole‐body photobiomodulation treatments improves COVID‐19 brain fog
Authors: Bowen Robert , Arany Praveen R.
Published: April 2023

There is increasing recognition of post‐COVID‐19 sequelae involving chronic fatigue and brain fog, for which photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been utilized. This open‐label, pilot, human clinical study examined the efficacy of two PBM devices, for example, a helmet (1070 nm) for transcranial (tPBM) and a light bed (660 and 850 nm) for whole body (wbPBM), over a 4‐week period, with 12 treatments for two separate groups (n = 7 per group). Subjects were evaluated with a neuropsychological test battery, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the digit symbol substitution test (DSST), the trail‐making tests A and B, the physical reaction time (PRT), and a quantitative electroencephalography system (WAVi), both pre‐ and post‐ the treatment series. Each device for PBM delivery was associated with significant improvements in cognitive tests (p < 0.05 and beyond). Changes in WAVi supported the findings. This study outlines the benefits of utilizing PBM therapy (transcranial or whole‐body) to help treat long‐COVID brain fog.
A simple and effective vascular network labeling method for transparent tissues of mice
Authors: Bai Lin , Wu Yaping , Dai Wenshu , Zhang Jie , Zheng Lily , Cheng Jingqiu
Published: April 2023

Vascular network labeling in transparent tissues provides more complete information on blood vessels. To achieve a fast and efficient method for vascular network labeling in transparent tissues, we compared various vascular labeling methods under different tissue clearing protocols. FITC‐Dextran labeling and CUBIC cleaning treatment were found to be the best options for vascular network labeling in cleared mouse tissues. Satisfactory labeling of vascular networks in various organs can be achieved by selecting FITC‐Dextran with different molecular weights and different administration methods.
Targeting FOS attenuates malignant phenotypes of breast cancer: Evidence from in silico and in vitro studies
Authors: Chang Defeng , Li Lanlan , Xu Zhongqing , Chen Xiaohong
Published: April 2023

Data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases can reveal important information behind molecular biomarkers and their associated oncogenesis. Therefore, this study was based on in silico predictions and in vitro experiments to explore regulatory network associated with breast carcinogenesis. The breast cancer (BC)‐related data sets were retrieved from GEO database, followed by differential analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Then, Fos proto‐oncogene, AP‐1 transcription factor subunit (FOS)‐associated gene network was constructed, and the key gene‐related genes in BC were screened by LinkedOmics. Finally, FOS expression was determined in BC tissues and cells, and gain‐of‐function assays were performed to define the role of FOS in BC cells. It was noted that seven differentially expressed genes (EGR1, RASSF9, FOSB, CDC20, KLF4, PTGS2, and FOS) were obtained from BC microarray data sets. FOS was the gene with the most nodes in PPI analysis. Poor FOS mRNA expression was identified in BC patients. Furthermore, FOS was mainly located in the extracellular matrix and was involved in cell processes. FOS was downregulated in BC tissues and cells, and FOS overexpression restrained the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. Collectively, ectopic expression of FOS curtails the development of BC.
Twisted intramolecular charge‐transfer state of trans‐3‐(N,N‐Dimethylamino)‐4'‐cyanostilbene: The C−C bond twisting
Authors: Hsu Ying‐Feng , Yang Jye‐Shane
Published: April 2023

Whether a twisted intramolecular charge‐transfer (TICT) state is formed is an important issue for understanding the fluorescence properties of a push‐pull organic dye. Here we report a position effect of the donor substituent on the TICT state formation of aminostilbenes: namely, trans‐3‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)‐4′‐cyanostilbene (mDCS) behaves differently from its TICT‐free para isomer DCS and forms a TICT state in acetonitrile (MeCN). The TICT state of mDCS also differs from that of many previously reported aminostilbenes by twisting a C−C bond instead of a C−N bond. In addition, among the ring‐bridged model compounds mDCS‐N, mDCS‐C1, and mDCS‐C2, we observed an unusual electronic effect of the ring‐bridging in mDCS‐C2 that mitigates the impact of the TICT state on the fluorescence properties. Both the C−C bond twisting in mDCS and the ring‐bridging electronic effect in mDCS‐C2 provide new insights into the TICT chemistry of aminostilbenes.
A Comparative Study on Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Wu Hui , Jia Shaobin
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). A total of 3528 consecutive patients with ACS treated with PPCI were divided into the ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups based on their dual antiplatelet therapy regimen at hospital discharge. Patient follow‐up visits were completed 1, 6, and 12 months after PPCI treatment. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding events were assessed in both groups. In total, 2501 cases were included in the ticagrelor group, and 817 cases were included in the clopidogrel group. The incidence of MACEs was lower in the ticagrelor group than in the clopidogrel group (P < .05). The ticagrelor group had lower incidence of all‐cause death and cardiac death compared with the clopidogrel group, and the difference was significant (P < .05). The incidences of study end points, including recurrent myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization, were not significantly different between the groups (P > .05). The incidences of BARC total and major bleeding events were not significantly different between the groups (P > .05). However, the incidences of BARC type 1 and 2 bleeding events were lower in the ticagrelor group than in the clopidogrel group (P < .05). The multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that ticagrelor could decrease all‐cause death compared with clopidogrel (P = .021). In patients with ACS treated with PPCI, ticagrelor could significantly reduce the risk of MACEs compared with clopidogrel, without increasing the risk of bleeding.
Does multifaceted livelihood intervention improve well‐being: Reflections on a case study from North‐eastern India
Authors: Kumar Shubham , Sengupta Keya , Gogoi Bidyut Jyoti
Published: April 2023

This article investigates the impact of North‐eastern Region Community Resource Management Project for Upland Areas (NERCORMP) and draws inferences on mechanism of change, context of an intervention and implementation design. Utilising data from three waves of surveys, we find that while there is evidence of significant changes in financial inclusion, productivity and social security, there are some issues in replication and sustenance aspects. Since the impact of intervention is observed across various domains such as socio‐economic situation and natural resource management, thus, we believe that this paper presents an important case study in understanding the intervention efficacy, relevance and sustenance.
Driving professional development and growth through research: a commentary
Authors: Mdletshe Sibusiso
Published: April 2023

Research remains one of the essential elements that drive the growth of a profession since it contributes to the development of knowledge. Research also creates value for public service and leads to better health outcomes. Research output from the Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences (MIRS) profession is currently lacking in New Zealand while the output from Australia can also be improved. For research to be improved, there needs to be intentionality. This commentary presents proposed considerations that could contribute toward increasing research impact and research output in the MIRS profession in Australia and New Zealand.
Off‐setting climate change through formation flying of aircraft, a feasibility study reliant on high fidelity gas‐phase chemical kinetic data
Authors: Khan Anwar H. , Tait Kieran , Derwent Richard G. , Roome Steve , Bacak Asan , Bullock Steve , Lowenberg Mark H. , Shallcross Dudley E.
Published: April 2023

Application of formation flights to civil aviation is gaining interest, primarily due to the fuel burn reduction achieved by flying through another aircraft's wake. However, it is emerging that there are additional, less‐recognized climate benefits via reduction in ozone and contrail warming through this concept. The NOx threshold level is defined as when the loss rate for OH by reaction with NO2 is equal to the loss rates for OH with CO and CH4, beyond which level, ozone formation will decrease. In this study, The NOx threshold level was calculated at different altitudes and found that at cruise altitude (∼10 km), the amount of NO2 required for parity in OH loss with loss due to reaction with CO and CH4 is around 2 ppb. The spatial and temporal NOx threshold levels were estimated by STOCHEM‐Common Representative Intermediate (CRI) global chemical transport model and In‐service Aircraft for Global Observing System (IAGOS) measurement data and found that northern midlatitudes of the atmosphere are the most favorable region existing with the smallest NOx thresholds (0.5 ppb) needed before reduction in ozone formation is likely to occur at cruise altitude of aircraft. Incorporating the major air traffic corridors into the coarse spatial resolution of the chemical transport model overestimated the NOx compensation point, that is, increased photochemical ozone production. Thus, a simple one‐dimensional (1D) aircraft plume dispersion model was developed with higher spatial and temporal resolution for considering aircraft plumes and its chemistry more accurately. The model run shows that the impact of formation flying aircraft emissions on spatially averaged ozone could be halved if the aircraft could maintain separations inside 4 km relative to well separated flights of 10 km or more.
Cognitive Function and Postoperative Outcomes in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Larrabee Katherine , Meeks Nicole , Williams Amy M , Springer Kylie , Siddiqui Farzan , Chang Steven S. , Ghanem Tamer , Wu Vivian F , Momin Suhael , Tam Samantha
Published: April 2023

Objective

Determine the relationship between cognitive function and postoperative outcomes.

Methods

This IRB‐approved retrospective cohort study included all patients treated between August 2015 and March 2020 undergoing major surgery for aerodigestive cancer or cutaneous/thyroid cancer that required free‐flap reconstruction at Henry Ford Hospital. Routine administration of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was completed as part of preoperative psychosocial evaluation. Outcomes included postoperative diagnosis of delirium, discharge disposition, return to the emergency department within 30 days of surgery, and readmission within 30 days of surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the associations between preoperative MoCA score and each outcome measure.

Results

One hundred thirty‐five patients with HNC were included in the study (mean [SD] age, 60.7 [±10.8] years; 70.4% [n = 95] male; 83.0% [n = 112] White, 16.3% [n = 22] Black). The average preoperative MoCA score was 23.4 (SD ± 4.5). Based on the MoCA score, 35% (n = 47) scored ≥26 (i.e., normal cognitive status), 55.6% (n = 75) scored between 18 and 25 (i.e., mild impairment), 8.1% (n = 11) scored between 10 and 17 (i.e., moderate impairment), and 1.5% (n = 2) scored <10 (i.e., severe impairment). After adjusting for other variables, a lower MoCA score was associated with discharge disposition to a location other than home and prolonged length of hospital stay.

Conclusions

Preoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing major head and neck surgery for head and neck cancer was associated with discharge destination and length of stay.

Level of Evidence

3 Laryngoscope, 133:2999–3005, 2023
Recent progress in orodispersible films‐mediated therapeutic applications: A review
Authors: Tian Yu , Lin Jiangtao , Jing Hongshu , Wang Quan , Wu Zhihua , Duan Yourong
Published: April 2023

Orodispersible films (ODFs) as a relatively novel delivery platform have increasingly attracted enormous attention owing to their various advantages compared to conventional oral dosage forms, including fast disintegration, ease of administration without consumption of water, and rapid absorption of incorporated drug, high patient compliance for pediatrics, geriatrics and patients with swallowing difficulties. This review aims to summarize the developments and possibilities that ODFs as the potential carrier for chemical drugs, vaccine, probiotics, and herbal extracts. Especially, with the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), the advantages of ODFs related to ease of transporation and distribution without cold‐chain as well as low‐cost manufacturing make ODFs a promising carrier for vaccines against COVID‐19. Subsequently, the current therapeutic applications of ODFs delivered either locally or systemically for potential patients suffering from various diseases are discussed, including oral inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, pain disorders, nausea and vomiting, mood or mental disorders, erectile dysfunction and pulmonary diseases. Finally, this review provides overview of the novel inkjet printing and three‐dimensional printing techniques, and the possibility of extemporaneous preparation for ODFs in hospital pharmacies via printing techniques are discussed as well.
Online and onsite supervised exercise therapy and education for individuals with knee osteoarthritis – A before and after comparison of two different care delivery models
Authors: Holm Pætur M. , Roos Ewa M. , Grønne Dorte T. , Skou Søren T.
Published: April 2023

Objective

To compare the 3 and 12‐month changes on pain, function and quality of life between online and onsite delivery of Good Life with Osteoarthritis in Denmark (GLA:D®) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Design

Non‐inferior comparison of individuals with knee OA receiving physiotherapist‐supervised online (TeleGLA:D) or onsite (GLA:D®) (12 exercise and 2 education sessions). The primary outcome was the baseline‐to‐3‐month change on KOOS‐12 summary score. Secondary outcomes were changes in KOOS‐12 subscales pain, function and quality of life and pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale (VAS 0‐100)) at 3 and 12 months; 40 m fast‐paced walk and 30 s chair‐stand at 3 months. Using mixed linear regressions, comparisons were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, comorbidities and number of knees and hips with OA.

Results

Over a 1‐year period (May 2020–May 2021), we included data from 3789 participants (3701 GLA:D®; 88 TeleGLA:D). At 3 months, TeleGLA:D showed non‐inferior change‐scores to GLA:D® on KOOS‐12 summary score; adjusted mean difference (90% Confidence Intervals (CI)) −2.40 (−5.55 to 0.75). For secondary outcomes, there was a statistically significant difference in change‐scores, favouring TeleGLA:D in gait speed; adjusted mean difference (90%CI) 0.23 m/s (0.18–0.27). TeleGLA:D remained non‐inferior to GLA:D® at 12 months.

Conclusions

Online delivery of physiotherapist‐supervised neuromuscular exercise and education for individuals with knee OA may be non‐inferior to traditional onsite delivery in reducing pain and improving function and quality of life. The wide confidence intervals, baseline imbalance, loss to follow‐up and the non‐randomized design highlight the need for a confirmatory randomized controlled trial.
A case of bunashimeji mushroom‐induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis diagnosed by inhalational provocation test in a hospital room
Authors: Akagami Tomoe , Nakagome Kazuyuki , Takagi Sotaro , Yamazaki Susumu , Minezaki Shohei , Nakamura Hidetoshi , Tsushima Kenji , Nagata Makoto
Published: April 2023

A 66‐year‐old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 2‐month history of dry cough and exertional dyspnea. She had worked as a mushroom farmer and had been exposed to mushroom for more than 40 years. The patient showed elevated levels of KL‐6 (2966 U/mL) and surfactant protein D (410 ng/mL), and computed tomography of the chest revealed ground‐glass opacities and fine nodular shadows in both lungs, suggesting mushroom‐induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Pulmonary function testing revealed decreases in forced vital capacity (78% of predicted) and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (67% of predicted). The inhalational provocation test was positive for bunashimeji mushrooms. Precipitating antibody was only identified for spores or bodies of bunashimeji mushrooms, and lymphocyte stimulation testing with spores or bodies of bunashimeji mushrooms also yielded positive results. Bunashimeji mushroom‐induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis was therefore diagnosed. Radiological findings and pulmonary function were improved by corticosteroid therapy and the patient has since remained healthy with allergen avoidance.