bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Restoring smile by esthetic intraradiular tooth reinforcement and metal free crown: a case report
Authors: Arora Sheen J. , Arora Aman , Sangwan Ritu , Jain Prachi
Published: February 2017

Aesthetic management of maxillary anteriors provide a challenge to the artistic and technical abilities of a prosthodontist. Metal-free crowns in such cases allows for highly aesthetic solutions to reshape fractured teeth or teeth with other defects. In severely compromised anterior teeth, development of non-metallic post systems has made possible the generation of metal-free ceramic restorations. This article describes a case where all-ceramic crown reinforced with post was utilized to improve the esthetics of the patient. 
Scientific and social challenges for clinical psychology
Authors: Cierpiałkowska Lidia , Sęk Helena
Published: February 2017

The article is an attempt to reflect on the current tasks faced by clinical psychology as a field of science and practice. These tasks stem from the constant need to improve the scientific level of this discipline and to solve problems connected with intensive social changes. We have considered the issues of globalization and the challenges it implies for clinical psychology, presenting selected theories of globalization and the patterns of reaction to these changes. We see evidence-based practice in psychology as a reflection of these transformations in science and clinical practice. In the article, we discuss the positive influence of this approach on the improvement of assessment practice standards and psychotherapy effectiveness, drawing attention to some negative consequences of universalization, particularly those that threaten human agency. Addressing and responding to these challenges requires close cooperation of researchers and practitioners, which was called for at the 1st National Clinical Psychology Conference in 2014.
Naukowe i społeczne wyzwania dla psychologii klinicznej
Authors: Cierpiałkowska Lidia , Sęk Helena
Published: February 2017

The article is an attempt to reflect on the current tasks faced by clinical psychology as a field of science and practice. These tasks stem from the constant need to improve the scientific level of this discipline and to solve problems connected with intensive social changes. We have considered the issues of globalization and the challenges it implies for clinical psychology, presenting selected theories of globalization and the patterns of reaction to these changes. We see evidence-based practice in psychology as a reflection of these transformations in science and clinical practice. In the article, we discuss the positive influence of this approach on the improvement of assessment practice standards and psychotherapy effectiveness, drawing attention to some negative consequences of universalization, particularly those that threaten human agency. Addressing and responding to these challenges requires close cooperation of researchers and practitioners, which was called for at the 1st National Clinical Psychology Conference in 2014.
On the methodological peculiarities of scientific research and assessment conducted by clinical psychologists
Authors: Brzeziński Jerzy Marian
Published: February 2017

The article focuses on the methodological peculiarities of research practice (scientific research and assessment) in clinical psychology. The author indicates typical departures of this practice from the methodological standards of modern psychology – particularly from those that constitute the patterns of evidence-based assessment and evidence-based practice in psychology: ignoring the primary role of psychological theories, too frequent departures from psychometric standards in the procedures of constructing and using psychological tests (which are sometimes pseudotests, such as Koch’s Tree Test). The importance of construct validity is stressed in the article.
O osobliwościach metodologicznych badań naukowych i diagnostycznych prowadzonych przez psychologów klinicznych
Authors: Brzeziński Jerzy Marian
Published: February 2017

The article focuses on the methodological peculiarities of research practice (scientific research and assessment) in clinical psychology. The author indicates typical departures of this practice from the methodological standards of modern psychology – particularly from those that constitute the patterns of evidence-based assessment and evidence-based practice in psychology: ignoring the primary role of psychological theories, too frequent departures from psychometric standards in the procedures of constructing and using psychological tests (which are sometimes pseudotests, such as Koch’s Tree Test). The importance of construct validity is stressed in the article.
Is clinical theory needed in psychotherapy and what purpose doas it serve: Reflections on psychotherapy integration
Authors: Drat-Ruszczak Krystyna
Published: February 2017

The aim of this article is to reflect on the content, form, and meaning of so-called integrative psychotherapy. I analyze the contemporary shift towards integrative therapy in terms of several aspects: (1) its history: from an “unthinkable” approach to being recognized as almost the standard; (2) its current incarnations and meanings. Is the integrative approach possible without a paradigm to start out from, which is “home” for the therapist? (3) its future – the possible directions in which it is heading.
Czy teoria kliniczna jest w psychoterapii potrzebna i czym dla niej jest: rozważania o integracji psychoterapii
Authors: Drat-Ruszczak Krystyna
Published: February 2017

The aim of this article is to reflect on the content, form, and meaning of so-called integrative psychotherapy. I analyze the contemporary shift towards integrative therapy in terms of several aspects: (1) its history: from an “unthinkable” approach to being recognized as almost the standard; (2) its current incarnations and meanings. Is the integrative approach possible without a paradigm to start out from, which is “home” for the therapist? (3) its future – the possible directions in which it is heading.
Poradnictwo psychologiczne a psychoterapia
Authors: Czabała Jan Czesław
Published: February 2017

Psychotherapy and psychological counseling are two distinct forms of psychological assistance. Psychotherapy is a method of treating mental health disorders and psychological counseling is a method of helping people experiencing various kinds of developmental crises – a method supporting individuals, families, and groups in development and the maintenance of mental health. The article will present the definitions and distinct aims of these methods. The stages of the psychological counseling process, the types of desirable changes, and the ways of achieving them will be described.
Trauma – controversies surrounding the concept, diagnosis, aftermath, and practical implications
Authors: Steuden Stanisława , Janowski Konrad
Published: February 2017

The way of understanding trauma still remains a crucial issue in both theoretical and practical terms (in diagnosis and therapy). In this article, we discuss the controversies around the definition, the process of diagnosing, and the consequences of trauma. The subject of analysis is the current diagnostic criteria for trauma (the narrow and broad approaches to trauma), including those set out in the current classifications of mental disorders: ICD-10 and DSM-5. We discuss posttraumatic stress disorder syndromes as well as the impact of traumatic events on mental health and psychosocial functioning. The principles of support for people who have experienced trauma are also suggested.
Trauma – kontrowersje wokół pojęcia, diagnoza, następstwa, implikacje praktyczne
Authors: Steuden Stanisława , Janowski Konrad
Published: February 2017

The way of understanding trauma still remains a crucial issue in both theoretical and practical terms (in diagnosis and therapy). In this article, we discuss the controversies around the definition, the process of diagnosing, and the consequences of trauma. The subject of analysis is the current diagnostic criteria for trauma (the narrow and broad approaches to trauma), including those set out in the current classifications of mental disorders: ICD-10 and DSM-5. We discuss posttraumatic stress disorder syndromes as well as the impact of traumatic events on mental health and psychosocial functioning. The principles of support for people who have experienced trauma are also suggested.
Patient characteristics, patient experience from psychotherapy, and psychotherapy effectiveness
Authors: Szymańska Agnieszka , Dobrenko Kamila , Grzesiuk Lidia
Published: February 2017

In the presented research, questions were asked concerning the associations (1) between patients’ characteristics and their experiences from psychotherapy as well as (2) between experiences from psychotherapy and the patients’ assessment of its effectiveness. The variables were measured using a catamnestic survey, which was sent to 1,210 former patients of a psychotherapy center. We received answers from 276 people (55% women and 45% men), most of them aged under 30. Data were analyzed by means of structural models and correspondence analysis. The results indicate that: (1) variables group around good and bad psychotherapeutic relationship; two models were built – one for a good relationship and the other for a bad relationship with the psychotherapist; (2) the subgroups of patients reporting improvement, deterioration, and no change differ in terms of characteristics before psychotherapy and in terms of experiences from psychotherapy.
Cechy pacjenta, jego doświadczenia z przebiegu psychoterapii i skuteczność psychoterapii
Authors: Szymańska Agnieszka , Dobrenko Kamila , Grzesiuk Lidia
Published: February 2017

In the presented research, questions were asked concerning the associations (1) between patients’ characteristics and their experiences from psychotherapy as well as (2) between experiences from psychotherapy and the patients’ assessment of its effectiveness. The variables were measured using a catamnestic survey, which was sent to 1,210 former patients of a psychotherapy center. We received answers from 276 people (55% women and 45% men), most of them aged under 30. Data were analyzed by means of structural models and correspondence analysis. The results indicate that: (1) variables group around good and bad psychotherapeutic relationship; two models were built – one for a good relationship and the other for a bad relationship with the psychotherapist; (2) the subgroups of patients reporting improvement, deterioration, and no change differ in terms of characteristics before psychotherapy and in terms of experiences from psychotherapy.
Casa Suindara: formação, experimentação e construção no habitat rural
Authors: Perrin Anaïs Guéguen , Ferreira Thiago Lopes
Published: March 2017

A Casa Suindara é o resultado de uma experiência de extensão universitária e popular, realizada nas dimensões do curso Canteiro-Escola, onde a partir da produção de uma habitação familiar dentro de um assentamento rural de reforma agrária, práticas coletivas, dialógicas e sustentáveis de concepção e realização do projeto arquitetônico foram experimentadas e analisadas. Os processos de aprendizagem e construção de conhecimentos ocorreram complementar e simultaneamente às práticas construtivas e ao desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais, mediante ao uso de materiais locais, naturais e de recuperação. Nesta perspectiva, a articulação entre o mundo acadêmico e a realidade social do assentamento rural proporcionou a aproximação e a interação entre os conhecimentos científicos, técnicos e populares. A família moradora, para além da participação no processo, revelou-se protagonista na ação e agente formadora dos participantes no canteiro de obras. Este trabalho apresenta brevemente o processo de realização do canteiro-escola, analisando sua experiência a partir das dimensões formadora e produtiva, onde os processosde aprendizagem se desenvolvem na forma de trabalho social, que por sua vez, se fundamenta enquanto princípio educativo.
Implementasi Program Kredit Usaha Pembibitan Sapi (KUPS) di Kabupaten Sragen
Authors: Padmaningrum Dwiningtyas
Published: March 2017

The study examined the implementation and constraints of Cattle Breeding Loan Program (KUPS) in Sragen. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach, where data on program implementation and constraints were collected through interviews with informants and documents. Informants were stipulated purposively, which represent the entire stakeholders, i.e. from element of farmer group/combined groups of cattle breeder, element banking institutes as well as the government element. The KUPS program for groups/combined groups of breeder could not yet be fully implemented due to several technical and economical constraints. Technical constraints included lack of technical skills and management, there was no breeding companies/cooperatives as partner, difficulty in finding good quality of cattle and lack of assistance. Economic constraints included fluctuations in market prices, payment of the credit, short credit period, and risk of failure of artificial insemination and animal deaths. To increase participation and successfulness this program, it is needed the realization of a partnership with breeding companies, technical and management assistances which involve the stakeholders, banks and partners in the mentoring and monitoring.
Pengaruh Proteksi Aldehid Untuk Meloloskan Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid Pada Menir Kedelai dan Minyak Ikan Lemuru Secara In Vitro
Authors: Riyanto Joko , Baliarti Endang , Yusiati Lies Mira , Hartatik Tety , Widayati Diah Tri
Published: March 2017

This research was aims to determine the effect of formaldehyde using as a protective material in the soy groats and lemuru fish oil mixtured to escape of the protein and poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) by in vitro. The rumen fluid was derived from donor of the Ongole crosbred fistulated as much as 3 heads. The experimental design used completely randomized design factorial 2x3 pattern consists of two factors:the first factor (soybean groats:lemuru fish oil in the ratio 2:1 and 4:1) and the second factor (the use of formaldehyde at levels of 0%, 2% and 4% base on the dry matter) and was repeated 5 times. The parameters are consist of the nutrient content, the substrates soybean groats and lemuru fish oil the rumen fluid fermented PUFA content by in vitro. Results of the study are levels of protein, fatty acids  oleic, linoleic and arachidonic much available on soybean groats:lemuru fish oil protected formaldehyde at levels of 2% and 4%. The difference between the ratio of soybean groats with lemuru fish oil had no significant (P≥0,05) but significantly different at different levels of formaldehyde (P≤0,05). The conclusion are formaldehyde content of 37% with a level of 2% can be used for protection the soybean groats and lemuru fish oil with a ratio of 4:1 and is able to provide protein as well PUFA.

 

Keywords: soy groats, lemuru fish oil, in vitro, PUFA, formaldehyde protection
SISTEM HUKUM DALAM PENERBITAN DAN PERDAGANGAN COMMERCIAL PAPER (Telaah Terhadap Keterbatasan Kemampuan Hukum)
Authors: ' Kingkin Wahyuningdyah
Published: March 2017

Abstrak
tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagamana kemampuan hukum dari sistem hukum Commersial Paper dalam mencapai tujuan hukum.Hal ini perlu untuk dilakukan, mengingat sistem hukum idealnya memiliki kemampuan dalam mencapai tujuan hukum guna mendukung penegakan hukum.Kesimpulan hasil pembahasan terhadap permasalahan yang diajukan tersebut adalah bahwa secara keseluruhan sistem hukum yang ada dalam kegiatan perdagangan Commersial Paper memiliki keterbatasan kemampuan hukum karena baru dapat mencapai tujuan kepastian hukum saja, sedangkan tujuan hukum lainya, yakni keadilan dan kemanfaatan belum dapat dicapai oleh seluruh unsur sistem hukum yang ada.
Kata kunci : Sistem hukum, Commersial Paper, kemampuan hukum
SIMULACRA ASAS PRADUGA TIDAK BERSALAH DALAM INGSUTAN KEWENANGAN PRAPERADILAN
Authors: , Muhammad Rustamaji
Published: March 2017

Abstract

died. ‘New World’ which Baudrillard calls the ‘Galactic Simulacra’, was struck all life aspects, including law. Dialectics about the pretrial judge over status of a suspect several times ago which is better known as Sarpin’s Effect, and has been abolished with the appearance of The Constitutional Court Decision Number 21 / PUU-XII / 2014, shows how the reality of the presumption of innocence (APTB) often turns

into hyperreality in the application of national law APTB at the pretrial stage, which applies only in textual various issues surrounding the complexity of the legal reality. The competition between the presumption of guilt and innocence, the legal and factual concept in the minds of law enforcement, as well as human values that precede the legality brooded in the Pancasila revolution ala Indonesia human rights, failed to

be described due to the simplifying of Presumption of Innocence in monofacet. Therefore, Presumption of Innocence as one of the principles at the core of the formal criminal law, according to Satjipto Rahardjo, it is proper to be conceived as a law manner that does not just stop at reading the text, but continues with the action or human effort. An effort that certainly draining the mind, empathy and courage, which

is not purely alles binnen de cadre van de wet.

Key Words : Presumption of Innocence, normativity, contextuality, the Indonesian way, pretrial

Abstrak

Jean Baudrillard melalui Simulacra and Simulation (1981) membuat rancangan pikir yang memprediksi bahwa realitas pada akhirnya telah mati. ‘Dunia baru’ yang Baudrillard sebut sebagai ‘Galaksi Simulacra ternyata melanda seluruh aspek kehidupan tidak terkecuali hukum. Dialektika tentang praperadilan yang mengadili status tersangka beberapa waktu lalu yang lebih dikenal sebagai Sarpin’s Effect, dan dipungkasi dengan munculnya Putusan MK Nomor 21/PUU-XII/2014, menunjukkan betapa realitas asas praduga tidak bersalah (APTB) acapkali berubah menjadi hiperealitas dalam penerapan hukum nasional. APTB pada tahap praperadilan yang hanya diterapkan secara tekstual dan dipisahlepaskan dari konteksnya, hukumnya. Persaingan antara praduga bersalah dan tidak bersalah, maupun kesenjangan legal concept dan factual concept dalam benak penegak hukum, serta nilai kemanusiaan yang mendahului legalitas yang diperam dalam revolusi Pancasila ala HAM Indonesia, gagal tergambar akibat penyedehanaan APTB yang monofaset. Oleh karenanya, APTB sebagai salah satu asas yang menjadi inti dalam hukum pidana formil, menurut Satjipto Rahardjo, sudah selayaknya dikonsepsikan sebagai cara berhukum

yang tidak hanya berhenti pada membaca teks, tetapi melanjutkannya dengan aksi atau usaha (effort) manusia. Suatu usaha yang tentu saja menguras energi, baik pikiran maupun empati dan keberanian yang tidak semata-mata bersifat alles binnen de kader van de wet.

Kata kunci: asas praduga tidak bersalah, normativitas, kontekstualitas, keindonesiaan, praperadilan.
An Overview on the Abuse of Power in the Perspective of Corruption Law and Government Administration Law in Indonesia Based on the Criminal Justice System and the State Administration of the Justice System
Authors: . Seno Wibowo Gumbira , . Ratna Nurhayati
Published: March 2017

The abuse of power in Indonesia has been regulated in the realm of administrative law at the Law No. 30 Year 2014 on Government Administrationand Law No. 31 Year 1999 jo Law No. 20 Year 2001 onCorruption Eradication. The arrangement in those lawshas created an overlapping, overcriminilization and disharmony of law. This can be seen in Law No 30 Year 2014 on Goverment Administration,the sanctions of the abuse of powerare simply to return loss and can also be accompanied by dismissal, while in Law No 31 Year 1999 jo Law No. 20 Year 2001 onthe Eradication of Corruption with or without loss can be imprisoned and returning the loss will not remove the criminal prosecution. Other than that, there are potential linkage in the test to determine a state officials discretions between the Administrative Court and the Constitutional Court Post Pretrial Judicial Review Decision to
extend the authority of the Pretrial.

Keywords: the Abuse of Power, Goverment Administration Law, Corruption Eradication Law
ENSURING QUALITY IN SURVEY RESEARCH
Authors: Khanal Gopi K
Published: February 2017

This descripto-analytical paper on ensuring quality in survey research discusses the
management of errors in administering survey. This paper aims to help the social science
researchers to ensure the quality in the process and outcomes of survey research. It begins
with the brief conceptual underpinnings of survey research, discusses about reliability and
validity tests in survey, elaborates the notion of total survey error approach, and suggests
some measures on handling survey errors. Given the wider applications and substantial costs
associated with survey research, the issues of sampling and non-sampling errors have always
been major concerns in the quality of survey research. Survey research can be instrumental
in generating knowledge provided survey errors are handled properly. Though a variety of
measures are in practices to ensure quality of survey data, this paper gives importance on
total survey approach that gives emphasis on total quality management in the collection,
analysis, and interpretation of data. Dealing survey data from the perspective of total survey
approach would yield fruitful results from survey research.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN AN INDUSTRIAL PLANT AS A BASIS FOR INCREASING ITS COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Khamidillayevich Nurullo Khalilov
Published: February 2017

This article outlines the main methodological approaches to assessing the development of quality management at the industrial enterprise and competitiveness. According to the results of the study developed an integrated approach to quality management. This approach involves, on the one hand, consideration of the effect of all components of the development and the technological chain of production, and on the other - the quality management function. In the article approach to the quality management systems are considered complex, as well as evidence-based guidelines are designed to ensure compliance with each other's economic interest‟s subjects of business, participate in the formation and development of the quality system.
INVESTMENTS – THE MAIN SOURCE OF FINANCING ECONOMIC MODERNIZATION, CASE OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Nematjonovna Makhmudova Guljakhon
Published: February 2017

This article describes a role of investment activities in the process of economic modernization on the examples of certain countries. In particular, investments are considered as a major source of modernization in Uzbekistan. On this way, the major points are conducted while studying the experience of BRICS, were offered scientific conclusions and practical recommendations of its using in national economy.
A REVIEW PAPER ON EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Kothari Radhika
Published: February 2017

The concept of emotional intelligence has picked up pace in past 10 years. Various studies have been conducted in various contexts to examine the impacts of emotional intelligence and also various effects of high and low emotional intelligence have been measured. The objective of this study were to critically review and examine the various dimensions of emotional intelligence. The article is conceptual in nature and reviews 19 papers and presents findings from the reviewed paper along with conclusion.
CURRENT ISSUES OF ENSURING STABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN UZBEKISTAN ON THE BASE OF THE INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Shokirova Farogat
Published: February 2017

Actual issues of ensuring stable economic growth of economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in terms of innovation development is described in this article. In addition, the way of development makes both quantitate and qualitive analyses while making better illustration of it as whole. Besides, innovation deployment has considered and concluded with the major outcomes while tackling issues of it. Briefly, final conclusion makes outline of innovative advancement features of it as well as possibilities of the further researches topics are introduced.
ORGANIZATIONAL-ECONOMIC MECHANISMS OF MANAGEMENT OF MANUFACTURING DIVERSIFICATION IN THE COMPANIES OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Authors: Anvardjanovich Sultanov Akbar
Published: February 2017

This article examines the issues of strengthening macroeconomic stability while making further improvement of the competitiveness of the economy by expanding and deepening of structural reforms, modernization and active diversification of the leading industries, as well as investment activities and complex development of the regions. Moreover, identified main areas of production of light industry goods and increase of the export potential of the enterprises in the conditions of modernization of the national economy are diffused as a major feature of the research. The recommendations were given for the formation of effective mechanisms for further reform, structural transformation and diversification of the enterprises of light industry. Summarized analyses of the paper could be diffused in the future investigation as whole.
DEMONETIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON INDIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Govil S.K.
Published: February 2017

Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender and it is necessary whenever there is a change of national currency. The process of demonetization involves either introducing new notes or coins of the same currency or completely replacing the old currency with new currency.
Occipitocervical Fusion for Severe Atlantoaxial Dislocation in an Underdeveloped Child with Chondrodysplasia Punctata
Authors: Tanaka Yuki , Watanabe Kei , Katsumi Keiichi , Ohashi Masayuki , Nagasaki Keisuke , Hirano Toru
Published: February 2017

Case:

We present a case of brachytelephalangic chondrodysplasia punctata with a severe atlantoaxial dislocation in an underdeveloped child. The patient underwent halo jacket application using 10 halo pins with <1 lb/in2 of torque, followed by posterior occipitocervical fusion with onlay rib and iliac autografts. After bone grafts and replacement of the halo ring multiple times, successful osseous fusion had been achieved by the 2-year follow-up.

Conclusion:

Although simple bone-grafting with a halo jacket is useful in underdeveloped patients with skeletal dysplasia, the complications related to halo fixation, including cranial bone perforation, and the patient’s neurological status must be carefully monitored.
Selective Spinal Fusion for Neuromuscular Scoliosis in a Patient with Pompe Disease
Authors: Tanida Atsushi , Tanishima Shinji , Mihara Tokumitsu , Narita Aya , Maegaki Yoshihiro , Nagashima Hideki
Published: February 2017

Case:

A 16-year-old girl with Pompe disease underwent surgery for scoliosis. She had been able to walk without any assistance, and kept her balance by swinging her waist. Therefore, we performed posterior selective spinal correction and fusion to avoid any adverse effects on walking ability that could occur with immobilization of the lumbosacral spine. After surgery, she was highly satisfied with her ability to perform the activities of daily living.

Conclusion:

For nonambulatory patients with scoliosis and Pompe disease, long fusion from the upper thoracic spine to the pelvis is generally required. However, in ambulatory patients, in order to maintain the ability to walk, selective spinal fusion is an alternative.
Restoration of Humeral Bone Stock Two Years After Internal Fixation of a Periprosthetic Fracture with a Loose Stem
Authors: Fang Christian , Yan Chun-Hoi , Yee Dennis , Lau Tak-Wing , Wong Tak-Man , Leung Frankie
Published: February 2017

Case:

We describe 2 patients who sustained a periprosthetic humeral fracture with a loosened long-stemmed Coonrad-Morrey total elbow prosthesis. As noted in the literature, the success rate for a major revision with use of strut grafts is around 70%; therefore, both cases were managed without revision of the prosthesis. A submuscular locking plate was placed following typical fracture fixation principles. Screws that interfered with the humeral stem and the distal flange stabilized both the distal fragment and the humeral stem.

Conclusion:

At 2 years postoperatively, both fractures had healed, with increased endosteal bone stock. In each case, the prosthesis was successfully salvaged, and radiographic reconstitution of the implant-bone interface was noted after 2 years.
Arthroscopic Reconstruction After Acute Acromioclavicular Separation Injuries
Authors: Minkus Marvin , Kraus Natascha , Hann Carmen , Scheibel Markus
Published: February 2017

Acute acromioclavicular (AC)-joint dislocations are common injuries of the shoulder girdle. Surgical repair is indicated for acute high-grade (Rockwood types IV, V, and VI) AC-joint injuries. The best treatment for type III is still controversial, but young and active patients with this type of injury might benefit from a surgical AC-joint stabilization. Surgery should be performed within the first 3 weeks after the injury since the biological healing potential decreases with time. Acute AC-joint separation is diagnosed by clinical examination and radiography. Vertical translation anteroposterior stress views with a 10-kg load are used to grade the injuries. Bilateral lateral stress (Alexander) views are used to evaluate dynamic horizontal translation qualitatively.

Arthroscopic techniques for AC reconstruction have become more popular in recent years because they are minimally invasive; they allow treatment of concomitant glenohumeral lesions; and they can be performed in one step, with insertion of implants that do not have to be removed later. The arthroscopically assisted double-button technique with an additional AC cerclage was developed to stabilize the AC joint by internal bracing of the torn ligaments.

The procedure consists of the following steps. Step 1: With the patient in the beach-chair position, a 2-cm incision is made on top of the clavicle and posterior and lateral viewing portals as well as an anteroinferior working portal are created. Step 2: With the arthroscope in the lateral portal, the subcoracoid bursa and the base of the coracoid are dissected with a radiofrequency ablation device through the anteroinferior portal. Step 3: Coracoclavicular drilling is done with use of a drill guide and under arthroscopic and image-intensifier control. After overdrilling of the Kirschner wires, Nitinol suture passers are introduced and retrieved via the anteroinferior portal. Step 4: Transclavicular and transacromial drill-holes are established for the AC cerclage. Step 5: The 2 double-button devices are attached to the Nitinol suture passers, and the inferior buttons are shuttled through the clavicle and coracoid and then placed parallel to the coracoid base. Step 6: The sutures are tightened, and an anatomical vertical reduction of the AC joint is achieved. Step 7: A triangular acromioclavicular nonabsorbable cerclage tape is used for horizontal stabilization. Step 8: The clavicular incision is closed in 2 layers, including the repair of the deltotrapezoidal fascia and the arthroscopic portals, in a standard fashion.

The combined arthroscopically-assisted and image-intensifier-controlled double-button technique with an additional AC cerclage is a safe procedure that enables an anatomical reduction of the AC joint and yields good to excellent clinical results.
Transient Features in Charge Fractionalization, Local Equilibration and Non-equilibrium Bosonization
Authors: Schneider Alexander , Milletari Mirco , Rosenow Bernd
Published: February 2017

In quantum Hall edge states and in other one-dimensional interacting systems, charge fractionalization can occur due to the fact that an injected charge pulse decomposes into eigenmodes propagating at different velocities. If the original charge pulse has some spatial width due to injection with a given source-drain voltage, a finite time is needed until the separation between the fractionalized pulses is larger than their width. In the formalism of non-equilibrium bosonization, the above physics is reflected in the separation of initially overlapping square pulses in the effective scattering phase. When expressing the single particle Green's function as a functional determinant of counting operators containing the scattering phase, the time evolution of charge fractionalization is mathematically described by functional determinants with overlapping pulses. We develop a framework for the evaluation of such determinants, describe the system's equilibration dynamics, and compare our theoretical results with recent experimental findings.
Application of long amplicon propidium monoazide-PCR to assess the effects of temperature and background microbiota on pathogens in river water
Authors: Banihashemi Avid , Van Dyke Michele I. , Huck Peter M.
Published: February 2017

The decay rates of enteric waterborne pathogens were evaluated following the introduction of Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella enterica, Campylobacter jejuni and Arcobacter butzleri into river water at different temperatures (5, 15 and 25°C) for a period of 28 days. To improve the accuracy of the results a molecular viability assay, long amplicon propidium monoazide-polymerase chain reaction (PMA-PCR), was used to quantify the viable cell concentration and results from PCR with and without PMA were compared. As well, the effect of background microbiota was assessed for Y. enterocolitica and S. enterica by inoculating cells into sterile and non-sterile river water. Cell persistence was improved by up to 4 log for Y. enterocolitica and 4.5 log for S. enterica in sterile river water compared to natural river water, showing that the autochthonous biological activity in river water can accelerate the die-off of introduced bacteria. Results also showed that low temperature significantly improved the persistence of all four target bacteria in non-sterile river water. There was a more rapid decline in cell concentration in samples with PMA pretreatment; therefore using PMA-PCR analysis can provide more reliable data on viable/active enteric bacteria in aquatic microcosms and allows for improved assessment of pathogens in the environment.
Predicting water filter and bottled water use in Appalachia: a community-scale case study
Authors: Levêque Jonas G. , Burns Robert C.
Published: February 2017

A questionnaire survey was conducted in order to assess residents’ perceptions of water quality for drinking and recreational purposes in a mid-sized city in northcentral West Virginia. Two logistic regression analyses were conducted in order to investigate the factors that influence bottle use and filter use. Results show that 37% of respondents primarily use bottled water and that 58% use a household filter when drinking from the tap. Respondents with lower levels of environmental concern, education levels, and lower organoleptic perceptions were most likely to perceive health risks from tap water consumption, and were most likely to use bottled water. Income, age, and organoleptic perceptions were predictors of water filter use among respondents. Clean water for recreational purposes was not found to be significant with either of these models. Our results demonstrate that bottle use and filter use are explained differently. We argue that more education and better communication about local tap water quality would decrease the use of bottled water. We demonstrate that household filters could be used as an alternative to bottled water.
Removals of cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and cryptosporidium-sized polystyrene microspheres from swimming pool water by diatomaceous earth filtration and perlite-sand filtration
Authors: Lu Ping , Amburgey James E. , Hill Vincent R. , Murphy Jennifer L. , Schneeberger Chandra L. , Arrowood Michael J. , Yuan Tao
Published: February 2017

Removal of Cryptosporidium-sized microspheres and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts from swimming pools was investigated using diatomaceous earth (DE) precoat filtration and perlite-sand filtration. In pilot-scale experiments, microsphere removals of up to 2 log were obtained with 0.7 kg·DE/m2 at a filtration rate of 5 m/h. A slightly higher microsphere removal (2.3 log) was obtained for these DE-precoated filters when the filtration rate was 3.6 m/h. Additionally, pilot-scale perlite-sand filters achieved greater than 2 log removal when at least 0.37 kg/m2 of perlite was used compared to 0.1–0.4 log removal without perlite both at a surface loading rate of 37 m/h. Full-scale testing achieved 2.7 log of microspheres and oocysts removal when 0.7 kg·DE/m2 was used at 3.6 m/h. Removals were significantly decreased by a 15-minute interruption of the flow (without any mechanical agitation) to the DE filter in pilot-scale studies, which was not observed in full-scale filters. Microsphere removals were 2.7 log by perlite-sand filtration in a full-scale swimming pool filter operated at 34 m/h with 0.5 kg/m2 of perlite. The results demonstrate that either a DE precoat filter or a perlite-sand filter can improve the efficiency of removal of microspheres and oocysts from swimming pools over a standard sand filter under the conditions studied.
How to introduce new technologies to reduce nutrient losses: a case of Danish agricultural constructed wetlands
Authors: Gachango Florence Gathoni , Jacobsen Brian H.
Published: February 2017

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) focuses on reduction of nutrients in individual water bodies. Innovative drainage filter technologies currently being tested in Denmark could facilitate nutrient reductions at the sub-river basins and catchment levels. The implementation strategy for these technologies, however, remains a challenge. Using both primary and secondary data, this paper presents an in-depth analysis of the role of these technologies in implementation of the WFD in Denmark. Concepts of impact assessment are used to identify the most suitable approach for incorporating these technologies into environmental measures based on a three-faceted policy instrument typology. A voluntary approach supported by investment subsidies, or incentives that could replace existing requirements, is deemed more appropriate.
Isotopic analysis of water cycle elements in different land covers in a small headwater watershed
Authors: Qu Si-min , Shan Shuai , Chen Xi , Zhou Min-min , Liu Han
Published: February 2017

In this study, comparisons of isotopic variation of rainfall, throughfall, surface water, and groundwater were conducted in the Meilin watershed, which represents two different land uses, chestnut wood and bamboo. Also, isotopic differences between rainfall and throughfall were identified in these sub-watersheds. The results showed that the isotopic value of incremental rainfall, incremental throughfall and surface water exhibited a marked temporal variation in the selected sub-watersheds. The throughfall isotopic variation range was smaller than that of rainfall, which may result from the different production process between rainfall and throughfall. However, the isotopic composition difference between rainfall and throughfall resulting from different land uses was insignificant. The range of isotopic composition variation of surface water was not the same as that of rainfall, indicating that surface water came from a mix of precipitation and water stored before the rainfall event. The temporal variation of the isotopic composition of groundwater was small, implying that the influence of different land uses on groundwater isotopic composition was insignificant. The total variation range of δ2H and δ18O of groundwater was smaller than that of surface water and sequential incremental rainfall, which means the δ18O of groundwater can be replaced by that of base flow before the event in the hydrograph separation.
Removal of toxic Congo red dye from water employing low-cost coconut residual fiber
Authors: Rani K. C. , Naik Aduja , Chaurasiya Ram Saran , Raghavarao K. S. M. S.
Published: February 2017

The coconut residual fiber (CRF) is the major byproduct obtained during production of virgin coconut oil. Its application as a biosorbent for adsorption of Congo red was investigated. The CRF was subjected to different pretreatments, namely, pressure cooking, hexane treatment, acid treatment and their combinations. The pretreatment of CRF with the combination of hexane, acid, and pressure cooking resulted in the highest degree of adsorption. The equilibrium data were analyzed and found to fit best to both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (ΔG0 kJ mol−1), standard enthalpy (ΔH0, kJ mol−1) and standard entropy (ΔS0, kJ mol−1 K−1) of the systems were calculated by using the Langmuir constant. The ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0 were found to be 16.51 kJ mol−1, −19.39 kJ mol−1 and −0.12 kJ mol−1 K−1, respectively, at 300 K. These thermodynamic parameters suggest the present adsorption process to be non-spontaneous and exothermic. The adsorption process was observed to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics. The results suggest that CRF has potential to be a biosorbent for the removal of hazardous material (Congo red dye) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 128.94 mg g−1 at 300 K.
Environmental impact assessment of a package type IFAS reactor during construction and operational phases: a life cycle approach
Authors: Singh Nitin Kumar , Singh Rana Pratap , Kazmi Absar Ahmad
Published: February 2017

In the present study, a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach was used to analyse the environmental impacts associated with the construction and operational phases of an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor treating municipal wastewater. This study was conducted within the boundaries of a research project that aimed to investigate the implementation related challenges of a package type IFAS reactor from an environmental perspective. Along with the LCA results of the construction phase, a comparison of the LCA results of seven operational phases is also presented in this study. The results showed that among all the inputs, the use of stainless steel in the construction phase caused the highest impact on environment, followed by electricity consumption in raw materials production. The impact of the construction phase on toxicity impact indicators was found to be significant compared to all operational phases. Among the seven operational phases of this study, the dissolved oxygen phase III, having a concentration of ∼4.5 mg/L, showed the highest impact on abiotic depletion, acidification, global warming, ozone layer depletion, human toxicity, fresh water eco-toxicity, marine aquatic eco-toxicity, terrestrial eco-toxicity, and photochemical oxidation. However, better effluent quality in this phase reduced the eutrophication load on environment.
A Snapshot of Liquid State
Authors: Baby Mandumpal Jestin
Published: March 2017

Liquid is one the three principal states of matter and its properties are known
to be intermediate between gaseous and solid phases. Several types of intermolecular
forces, categorised into long range and short range, play important roles in defining
liquid structure. Long range forces are of three types, namely electrostatic, induction
and dispersion, whilst the short range forces are of quantum chemical nature, due to
exchange of electrons. A wide range of materials, including elements, oxides, mixtures
of salts and dilute acids, are known to form glasses, which are non−crystalline,
amorphous matter. Methods such as lattice theories have been devised long time back
to understand the structure of liquids. Several other theories have been put forward as
well in order to explain complex behaviour of liquids at lower temperature such as
formation of highly viscous glassy materials. Most notable theoretical propositions
include Adam – Gibbs theory, Mode Coupling Theory and Energy Landscape theory.
Inherent Structure (IS) analysis is a powerful tool to identify the fundamental structures
of the system under investigation, and to obtain a pictorial characterisation of the
energetics between strong and fragile glasses. Relaxation times exhibit two distinct
kinetics, alpha and beta relaxations, which can be properly explained by Mode
Coupling Theory. Aqueous solutions of sugars and alkali salts such as lithium chloride
are known to be good glass formers, which require only low cooling rates in order to
form glasses, bypassing crystallisation.
Ice, The Crystalline Phase of Water
Authors: Baby Mandumpal Jestin
Published: March 2017

Transition from water to ice is very crucial in many natural and artificial
processes on which our lives depend. No other substance exhibits more crystalline
forms than ice, the solid phase of water. Several ice polymorphs are found to exist in
pairs, corresponding to high temperature proton disordered state and low temperature
proton ordered state. Hexagonal ice is the dominant form of ice at ambient conditions.
Ice X is highly symmetrical ice polymorph with hydrogen atoms exactly positioned
equidistant to the two adjacent oxygen atoms. Five and seven membered rings of water
molecules are observed in ice XII. The orientation of hydrogen bonds plays important
roles in assigning the geometries of various forms of ice as in the case of normal and
supercooled waters. The largest hydrogen bond bending is observed in ice VI.
Orientations of hydrogen atoms result in Bjerrum and ionisation defects in ice crystals,
which are responsible for dielectric effects. Auto ionisation, leading to the generation
of hydronium and hydroxyl ions in water, promotes ionisation defects. Catalytic
properties of ice are found to be remarkable in large number of reactions. TIP4P water
model and its variants seem to be the popular models for simulating ice phase of water.
Rotational motion of oxygen−hydrogen bonds is responsible for the destruction of ice
lattice as temperature increases, leading to the melting of ice. Ice exhibits excellent
electrical, optical, mechanical, thermal & surface properties. Thanks to its exceptional
thermal properties, ice has been successfully employed as a better alternative to the
traditional air cooling systems.
Оптические свойства гибридных наноструктур "квантовая яма-точки", полученных методом МОС-гидридной эпитаксии
Authors: Минтаиров С.А. , Калюжный Н.А. , Надточий А.М. , Максимов М.В. , Рувимов С.С. , Жуков А.Е.
Published: March 2017

Показано, что осаждение InxGa1-xAs с концентрацией индия от 0.3 до 0.5 и средней толщиной от 3 до 27 монослоев на подложку GaAs методом МОС-гидридной эпитаксии при пониженных температурах роста приводит к возникновению модуляций толщины и концентрации атомов индия в формирующихся слоях. В силу их свойств, полученные наноструктуры могут быть отнесены к промежуточному типу между идеальными квантовыми ямами и квантовыми точками. В зависимости от толщины и состава InGaAs, длина волны максимума линии фотолюминесценции гибридных наноструктур квантовая яма-точки меняется от 950 до 1100 нм. Определены оптимальные толщины и составы осажденного InxGa1-xAs, обеспечивающие максимальную длину волны излучения при сохранении высокой квантовой эффективности. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.03.44210.8394
Ферромагнитный резонанс магнитостатически стабилизированной доменной стенки в планарной системе нанопроволока-наночастица
Authors: Горев Р.В. , Миронов В.Л.
Published: March 2017

Приводятся результаты микромагнитного моделирования вынужденных высокочастотных колебаний намагниченности в планарной ферромагнитной системе, состоящей из магнитостатически связанных нанопроволоки и наночастицы. Обсуждается возможность перестройки спектра данной системы за счет введения в нанопроволоку доменной стенки, стабилизированной магнитным полем наночастицы. Анализируются зависимости частоты и амплитуды резонансных колебаний доменной стенки от геометрических параметров системы. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.05.44361.16418