bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling extreme water levels using intertidal topography and bathymetry derived from multispectral satellite images
Authors: Costa Wagner L. L. , Bryan Karin R. , Coco Giovanni
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Topographic and bathymetric data are essential for accurate predictions of flooding in estuaries because water depth and elevation data are fundamental components of the shallow-water hydrodynamic equations used in models for storm surges and tides. Where lidar or in situ acoustic surveys are unavailable, recent efforts have centred on using satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) and satellite-derived topography (SDT). This work is aimed at (1) determining the accuracy of SDT and (2) assessing the suitability of the SDT and SDB for extreme water level modelling of estuaries. The SDT was created by extracting the waterline as it tracks over the topography with changing tides. The method was applied to four different estuaries in Aotearoa / New Zealand: Whitianga, Maketū, Ōhiwa and Tauranga harbours. Results show that the waterline method provides similar topography to the lidar with a root-mean-square error equal to 0.2 m, and it is slightly improved when two correction methods are applied to the topography derivations: the removal of statistical bias (0.02 m improvement) and hydrodynamic modelling correction of waterline elevation (0.01 m improvement). The use of SDT in numerical simulations of surge levels was assessed for Tauranga Harbour in eight different simulation scenarios. Each scenario explored different ways of incorporating the SDT to replace the topographic data collected using non-satellite survey methods. In addition, one of these scenarios combined SDT (for intertidal zones) and SDB (for subtidal bathymetry), so only satellite information is used in surge modelling. The latter SDB is derived using the well-known ratio–log method. For Tauranga Harbour, using SDT and SDB in hydrodynamic models does not result in significant differences in predicting high water levels when compared with the scenario modelled using surveyed bathymetry.
FORMATION OF SUBJECT COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS THROUGH DIGITAL PLATFORMS IN BIOLOGY LESSONS
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Ibadullaeva S.Zh , Nurgalieva A.A , Nagashybaeva P.Zh ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2023

Мектептегі білім жаңа мазмұнмен байытылып, оқушының қабілеттерін дамыту, оның бойында түйінді құзыреттіліктерді қалыптастыру міндетін шешуге бағытталған. Оқушының бейімділіктері мен қабілеттерін есепке ала отырып, білім беру траекториясын барынша даралау мақсатында жалпы білім беретін мектептің жоғары сатысында бейіндік оқыту енгізілген. Жалпы орта мектепті бітіруші оқудың, мектеп өмірінің мәнін болашақ еңбек қызметіне дайындық ретінде түсініп, топта қарым-қатынасқа дайын болуы тиіс. Оқушылардың түйінді құзыреттілігін қалыптастыру білімнің берілу тәсіліне тәуелді. Негізгі мектептің білім мазмұнын анықтауға және оны толық меңгертуге деген қажеттіліктер өсіп отырғанмен, оның оқушыға берілу жолдарына жете мән берілмеген. Оқушылардың сапалы білім алуы үшін түйінді құзыреттіліктерді қалыптастырудың әдістемесін жасау талап етіледі. Бірақ тұлғалық-бағдарлы білім беру негізінде коммуникативтік құзыреттілікті қалыптастыру мәселесі арнайы зерттелмеген. Нәтижеге бағдарланған білім беруде оқушылардың тұлғасын, құзыреттілігін қалыптастыру негізгі міндет болып табылады. Бұл міндетті жүзеге асырудың тұлғалық-бағдарлы білім беру негізінде қарастырылуы қазіргі педагогиканың өзекті мәселелерінің біріне айналып, мектеп оқушыларының құзыреттілігін қалыптастырудың жолдарын зерттеу қажеттігі анықталды. Дәстүрлі білім беру жүйесінің оқушылардың түйінді құзыреттіліктерін қалыптастыру нәтижесіне жетуге мүмкіндігі толық жетпейтіндігін іс-тәжірибе көрсетіп отыр. Оқушылардың коммуникативтік құзыреттілігін қалыптастыру олардың іс-әрекетінің ұйымдастырылуына, оқыту-тәрбиелеу әдістеріне мен формаларына тәуелді екендігі белгілі. Қазіргі әлемдік өркениетте экономикалық жағдайға сәйкес білімдік мақсаттарды стандарттау, білім берудің бағыты тұлғаның құзыретін жалпы дамыту және жеке жағдайда түйінді құзыреттілігін қалыптастырудың қажеттілігі айқындалып отыр.Эксперименттің айқындаушы кезеңінде оқушылардың сандық платформаларын пайдалану біліктері деңгейінің өлшемдері мен көрсеткіштері нактыланып, өзбетінше сандық платформаларын пайдалануға дербестік пен табандылық танытпайтындығы, платформалармен жұмыс істей білуге ұмтылысының төмендігін байқалды.Оқушылардың сандық платформалар аркылы пәндік құзыреттіліктерін қалыптастырудың мазмұндық өлшемі айкындалды.
OF THE IMMUNOSTIMULATORY EFFECT OF METAL PEPTIDES ON THE KEY LINKS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM - MATURE T-LYMPHOCYTES
Authors:   National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkentcity, Uzbekistan., Kakhorov B.A
Published: September 2023

В статье представлены результаты исследований влияния классических митогенов-ФГА на Т-бластогенез и PWM на В-бластогенез. Они были использованы в субоптимальных дозах с целью регистрации возможного костимулирующего действия изучаемых препаратов. Изменение функциональной активности лимфоцитов демонстрирует потенциальные возможности культивируемых клеток, их способность к пролиферации и дифференцировке под влиянием тимическихметаллопептидов. При этом понятно, что возможность повышения активности тимусных пептидов путем их комплексирования с ионами металлов может иметь определенное теоретическое и практическое значение. Проведена сравнительная оценка действия синтетических металлопептидов и пептида глутамил-триптофана на функциональную активность Т- лимфоцитов в системе invitro. Материалом для исследования бластогенеза Т-лимфоцитов служили мононуклеары периферической крови 15 больных со вторичными иммунодефицитами в возрасте 18-45 лет. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что присоединение ионов металлов к тимическому синтетическому дипептиду глутамил-триптофану способствует усилению иммуностимулирующих свойств новых соединений, одним из механизмов действия которых является стимуляция пролиферации Т-лимфоцитов в системе invitro.
THE CONTENT OF HEAVY METALS IN THE HAIR OF THE POPULATION OF THE KYZYLORDA REGION
Authors:   Kokshetau University named after Sh.Ualikhanov,Kokshetau city, Kazakhstan, Sharipova B. , Kakabayev A ,   Kokshetau University named after Sh.Ualikhanov,Kokshetau city, Kazakhstan, Baranovskaya N ,   2Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk city, Russia, Kurmanbaev R ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Izbassarova. Zh ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2023

Кызылординская область, расположенная в центре Казахстана, является одним из уникальных регионов с богатым природным наследием. Однако, несмотря на ее красоту и изобилие ресурсов, обнаружено присутствие тяжелых металлов в волосах населения этого района. Методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой (ICP-MS) нами был исследован состав волос у «условно здоровых» людей Кызылординской области на наличие и концентрацию тяжелых металлов (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb). В качестве объекта исследования были взяты волосы, так как они являются депонирующей средой, в структуре которой в высоких концентрациях накапливаются химические элементы. В результате исследования по суммарному показателю загрязнения выявлено, что в волосах жителей c. Шиели и г.Байконыр идет максимальное накопление тяжелых металлов. В статье также описывается как положительное, так и отрицательное влияние тяжелых металлов на организм человека, выявлены населенные пункты с максимальными значениями содержания в волосах исследуемых химических элементов. Наличие вышеперечисленных химических элементов объясняется как антропогенной нагрузкой, так и геологической составляющей региона. В целях снижения воздействия тяжелых металлов на население Кызылординской области, необходима разработка и внедрение строгих экологические норм, модернизация систем очистки промышленных выбросов и методов глубокой очистки водоемов.
FLORA OF THE COASTAL ZONENORTH-EASTERN CASPIAN REGION
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Ibadullayeva S.Zh , Ibragimov T. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Toktaganova G.B ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Tazhenova S.K. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2023

The main limiting factors of the botanical composition of the communities of the Caspian region are the modes of humidification and salinization. In this regard, the vegetation cover is characterized by poor floral and phytocenotic diversity and simple structure. This is also due to the youth of the territory, periodic transgressions and regressions of the Caspian Sea and the constant influence of the sea's overgrowth phenomena. The distinctive features of the floral spectrum are the dominant position of the family of Mares (about 20% of the total number of species) and the high position of the family of Rdestovye (7th place, 3%). This indicates a significant salinity of land habitats and an increased role of aquatic phytocenoses. The species richness, the structure of phytobiota are important indicators of the state of the environment, the degree of anthropogenic disturbance and pollution. Assessment of the degree of vegetation degradation is carried out on a 5-point scale: very strong, strong, medium, weak degree of disturbance, background condition.To monitor the flora and vegetation in the laid sites, observations of their condition were carried out.
PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN: CONCEPT, PRINCIPLES, MODELS
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Ussainova G.М. , Kazarenkov V.I. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Russia
Published: September 2023

The article describes the issues of developing the learning process through digital technologies. The concept of" pedagogical design" is analyzed, the definitions given to this term are differentiated, and the basic principles are described. Several samples of foreign models necessary for the development of pedagogical design are given. In particular, the specific features and effectiveness of the ADDIE model in education are analyzed. A model of pedagogical design of a course consisting of 4 modules based on the ADDIE model is shown. Also, the pedagogical designer classifies the tasks to be solved and defines them. Reigeluth identifies three main characteristics that meet all the principles of pedagogical design theory. In the article, the concept of pedagogical design is considered, first of all, the creative activity of a teacher in creating, transforming and accompanying an information and educational environment in which the student is convenient to develop his psychological individual characteristics and achieve high results. And, secondly, this is the direction of pedagogical science associated with the study and development of strategies, learning scenarios and the creation of conditions for managing educational events with the help of various tools that ensure the mandatory achievement of the set goal with successful training. The article presents the structure and content of pedagogical design in the course of training from the author's point of view.
FORMING UNDERSTANDING OF ELEMENTARY PARTS AS COMPONENTS OF THE PHYSICAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD WHEN STUDYING PHYSICS
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Mukhambetzhan A.M. , Azimbai N.A. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2023

Қазіргі мектеп оқушылары 21 ғасырдың болашақ азаматтары. Оларда жоғары технологиялардың, ғылым мен техниканың жаңа салаларының қарқынды дамуы жағдайында өмір сүруге және пайдалануға мүмкіндіктері көп болады. Жалпы білім беретін мектептің негізгі миссиясы-жас азаматтарды, дамыту және тәрбиелеу, айналасындағы тез өзгеретін әлемді сенімді түрде шарлап қана қоймай, оның айналасында болып жатқан оқиғаларға да әсер ете алады. Мектеп базасында элементар бөлшектер жайлы ұғымды дұрыс қалыптастыру, олардың ғаламға деген көзқарастарын жақсы қалыптасуына алып келеді. Элементар бөлшектер ұғымы қоршаған дүние объектілерінің ұғымы, оны элементарлық және материя сияқты философиялық категориялармен тікелей байланысты жалпы ғылыми деп те қарастыруға болады. Қазіргі физикада элементар бөлшектер термині қарапайымға бөлінбейтін бастапқы нәрсенің әдеттегі мағынасында емес, ең кіші ядролық бөлшектердің үлкен тобын атау үшін қолданылады. Бөлшектердің көпшілігі қарапайым болудың әдеттегі анықтамасын қанағаттандырмайды, өйткені қазіргі концепцияларға сәйкес олардың өздері композициялық жүйелер болып табылады.Оларды біріктіретін ерекшелік - ядролар мен атомдарға біріктірілмеген материяның формасын білдіруі. Барлық элементар бөлшектердің ең маңызды қасиеті - өзара түрлену мүмкіндігі, т.б. туылу және жойылу (шығару және сіңіру) қабілеті. Элементар бөлшектермен барлық процестер, соның ішінде олардың ыдырауы, энергияның, импульстің, бұрыштық импульстің, электрлік, бариондық, лептондық зарядтардың сақталу заңдары міндетті түрде орындалатын жұту және эмиссия әрекеттерінің тізбегі арқылы жүреді. Элементар бөлшектердің әртүрлі белгілерді сипаттайтын шамалар, мысалы, оғаштық, изотоптық спин, паритет, біріктірілген паритет, заряд конъюгациясы барлық әрекеттесулерде сақталмайды
Diş Hekimliği Öğrencilerinde Ergonomi Bilgisi ve Davranışı
Authors: İNCE PARPUCU Tuba , ERCAN Sabriye , BAŞKURT Ferdi , BAŞKURT Zeliha
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin klinik evrelerinde ergonomik prensiplere ilişkin bilgi, tutum ve uygulamalarını değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi 3. 4.ve 5. sınıf öğrencileri üzerinde yapıldı ve çalışmaya 94 öğrenci katıldı. Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin ergonomi bilgisi ve ergonomik davranışları dental-ergonomi bilgileri dikkate alınarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yapılandırılmış form kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların % 48.9’ü 3. sınıf, %27.7’si 4.sınıf ve %23.4’ü 5 sınıftı. Öğrencilerin en yüksek oranda saat kadranına göre çalışma pozisyonu olarak saat 10’u kullandıkları, diş hekimi pozisyonu olarak oturma ve her iki pozisyonu tercih ettikleri, ışık açısı olarak yüksek oranda dik açıyı kullandıkları ve hasta pozisyonu olarak da yüksek oranda yarı oturur pozisyonu tercih ettikleri belirlendi. Klinik uygulama aşamasına geçmiş olan Dönem 4 ve Dönem 5 öğrencileri dört (4) elli diş hekimliği konusunu daha yüksek oranda biliyordu (p:0.012). Diğer taraftan klinikte gözlem amacıyla bulunan Dönem 3 öğrencileri malzemelerin kolayca ulaşabilecek yerde olduğunu daha sık düşünürken, hasta başında klinik uygulama sürecine geçmiş olan Dönem 4 ve Dönem 5 öğrencileri malzemeleri daha az ulaşılabilir buluyordu (p:0.001). Öğrencilerin doğru çalışma postürleri ile ilgili bilgi kaynağının büyük oranda eğitimleri sırasında aldıkları dersler olduğu öğrenildi. Bilgi kaynağının yeri sınıflara göre fark oluşturmadı (p:0.791). Ayrıca öğrencilerin akademik düzeyleri arttıkça ergonomiye yönelik bilgi ve tutumlarının da geliştiği görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Çalışma postürü değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre öğrencilere klinik uygulama esnasında ergonomi kurallarına uygun çalışma postürü kazandırılmalı ve çalışma ortamlarının ergonomik olarak düzenlenmesi gerekmektedir.
Dampak Pembiayaan Bermasalah Dan Strategi Penyelesaiannya Pada Kinerja Keuangan Di KSPPS Karya Mandiri Jerowaru, Lombok Timur NTB
Authors: Lestiana Marisvani Putri , Firdaus M , Suriani Suriani
Published: September 2023

Abstract 

In the short term, problematic financing will have an effect on financial performance, and in the long run, it will have an effect on the viability or continued existence of financial institutions. As a result, when the impact of problematic financing increases, a strategy is required, not just a solution. The researcher is curious to learn more about KSPPS Karya Mandiri Jerowaru's problem-solving finance method and how it affects the school's financial performance.

This study adopted a qualitative research design and a descriptive methodology. As for the methods of data collecting, they include documentation, interviews, and observation. The researcher's method for analyzing the data includes data selection, meticulous data simplification, narrative data descriptions, and a conclusion that summarizes the main findings of the interviews and field observations.

The study's findings indicate that KSPPS Karya Mandiri Jerowaru's financial performance will be affected by problem financing from 2019 to 2022 in three ways: the continuity of cash flow (Cash Clow) would be disrupted, the amount of profit sharing will decline, and earning assets will also decrease. In addition, KSPPS Karya Mandiri Jerowaru uses the restructuring, rescheduling, reconditioning, and foreclosure procedures to solve financial problems.

Abstract In the short term, problematic financing will have an effect on financial performance, and in the long run, it will have an effect on the viability or continued existence of financial institutions. As a result, when the impact of problematic financing increases, a strategy is required, not just a solution. The researcher is curious to learn more about KSPPS Karya Mandiri Jerowaru's problem-solving finance method and how it affects the school's financial performance.This study adopted a qualitative research design and a descriptive methodology. As for the methods of data collecting, they include documentation, interviews, and observation. The researcher's method for analyzing the data includes data selection, meticulous data simplification, narrative data descriptions, and a conclusion that summarizes the main findings of the interviews and field observations.The study's findings indicate that KSPPS Karya Mandiri Jerowaru's financial performance will be affected by problem financing from 2019 to 2022 in three ways: the continuity of cash flow (Cash Clow) would be disrupted, the amount of profit sharing will decline, and earning assets will also decrease. In addition, KSPPS Karya Mandiri Jerowaru uses the restructuring, rescheduling, reconditioning, and foreclosure procedures to solve financial problems.
Phát triển năng lực giao tiếp toán học cho học sinh lớp 10 trong dạy học chương phương pháp tọa độ trong mặt phẳng
Authors: Tôn Thị Cẩm Thơm
Published: September 2023

Năng lực giao tiếp toán học là một trong năm thành tố của năng lực toán học. Năng lực giao tiếp toán học thể hiện qua việc: Nghe hiểu, đọc hiểu và ghi chép các thông tin toán học cần thiết; Trình bày, diễn đạt các nội dung, ý tưởng, giải pháp toán học; Sử dụng hiệu quả ngôn ngữ toán học kết hợp với ngôn ngữ thông thường; Thể hiện sự tự tin khi trình bày, diễn đạt, nêu câu hỏi, thảo luận, tranh luận các nội dung, ý tưởng liên quan đến toán học. Chương Phương pháp tọa độ trong mặt phẳng với những đặc trưng về kí hiệu, hình vẽ, ngôn ngữ toán học; đặc biệt với nội dung mới được đưa vào là vận dụng kiến thức về tọa độ, đường thẳng, đường tròn, ba đường conic để giải các bài toán liên quan đến thực tiễn đã góp phần làm cho chương này có những lợi thế trong việc phát triển năng lực giao tiếp toán học cho học sinh. Bài viết xác định những biểu hiện của năng lực giao tiếp toán học trong chương Phương pháp tọa độ trong mặt phẳng - Toán 10, tập 2 (Bộ sách Chân trời sáng tạo) và đề xuất một số biện pháp phát triển năng lực giao tiếp toán học cho học sinh trong dạy học nội dung này.
REFLECTION OF MEDICAL TERMS IN "BABURNAMA" AND ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Teshaboyeva Ziyodaxon
Published: September 2023

The works of Zahirad-Din Muhamad Babur enjoy global recognition and have been subject of study for centuries. Distinguished by its national spirit and unique lexicon, Babur's work stands apart from other Central Asian writings. "Baburnama," a rich source of information, has been translated into numerous languages, including notable English translations by John Leyden and William Erskine (1826), Annette Susannah Beveridge (1921), and Wheeler Thackston (1996), each offering comprehensive renditions. This article focuses on a comparative analysis of medical terminology within "Baburnama" across these three translations. It delves into Zahirad-Din Babur's portrayal ofreal events, his expressions of surprise and regret, and the circumstances surrounding individuals' illnesses and deaths. The article examines these aspects by analyzing original text excerpts alongside their corresponding medical terms as found in the English translations.
THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT AND PERSONALITY OF ALISHER NAVOI IN THE MEMOIRS OF ZAHIRAD-DİN MUHAMMAD BABUR
Authors:   Denizli/Pamukkale-Osman Aydınlı Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School, Saygin Muhterem
Published: September 2023

Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur is a great commander and statesman who laid the foundations of Turkish domination in India, which lasted about three and a half centuries. He was interested in many branches of art such as calligraphy, literature and music. His work, which is known in the form of memoir known as Babürname, has an important place in the history of Turkish culture.Alisher Navoi played an important role in the establishment of an art academy around Herat in the age he lived. This environment, where many artists, statesmen and scholars such as poets, musicians, calligraphers, illuminators and bookbinders came together, constituted the focal point of activities that can be described as the Turkish Renaissance.Literary art; The work is the interaction process between the artist and the reader. Social environment and personality are decisive in shaping the way people approach events and situations. The personality traits and social environment of the artist are an important factor in the formation phase of the literary work. In his memoirs, Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur gave valuable information about Alisher Navoi, who had a versatile personality like himself, and his social circle, in terms of the history of Turkish literature.In this study, ZahirAd-Din Muhammad Babur's “Baburnama” (Vekâyi, Vâkıât-ı Bâbürî, Vâkıanâme, Vekâyi'name-i Pâdişâhî, Bâbüriyye, Tüzük-i Bâbürî) Evaluations are made about the literary personality of .
BABUR'S SPIRITUAL AND MORAL LEGACY: AN EXEMPLAR FOR YOUTH
Authors:   Andijan State University named after Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur, Mamajonov Alisher
Published: September 2023

The article underscores the profound spiritual and moral influence of the eminent figure, Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur, serving as an exemplary role model for today's youth. It highlights the Babur family's commitment to nurturing their offspring, adhering to the principles of Eastern education. From a tender age, children were meticulously groomed, instilling within them the enlightenment of both knowledge and religion.
THE INFLUENCE OF ALI SHIR NAVOI ON Mughal NORTH INDIA
Authors:   Ankara Bashkent university, GÜZEL bdurrahman
Published: September 2023

India, which has been a long-time ally of Turkic states throughout history, has had a dense Turkish population, especially as a result of the expeditions made by the Ghaznels, Timur and Baburls to North India. During the campaigns of Mahmud of Ghazni, many families with the surname Türkîolan can be found even today in Muradâbâd, Sambhal and Rampurgibi regions in Northern India, where the Turkish population settled. It is known that a significant Turkish population settled here during Timur's expeditions to Kabul, Punjab, Sind and Delhi after Ghazni. As a matter of fact, the Kutbils (1206-1266), Balabans (1266-1290), Kalach Sultanate (1290-1320), Tughluqs (1320-1414), Seyyids (1414-1451) and Lods (1451) ruled in North India from the 13th century. -1526) were able to gain power by taking advantage of the power of the Turkish population that had settled here before. Babur's defeat of Lûdîler in 1526 and the conquest of North India, unlike other expeditions, means the beginning of a permanent rule in this region. During the period when Babur sat on the throne for about five years, the importance he gave to Turkish in this region, along with Persian and Hindi, ensured that Turkish was spoken in the palace and that Turkish developed as a language of poetry. In this respect, Chagatai Turkish is a "new field"52 where the Timur literary tradition continues in North India, and it also represents a symbol of cultural dominance. This issue will be addressed in our work.
THE BABUR PHENOMENON
Authors:   Baku State University, Asker Ramiz
Published: September 2023

The author in thisarticle examines some features and peculiarities of the phenomenon of Babur, whose life and work are studied and taught at the Department of Turkology of Baku State University.
THE PROBLEM OF A WILLOF BABUR
Authors:   Guliston davlat universiteti, Rahmonov Vahob
Published: September 2023

This article reflected on the need to write information about Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur in a reasoned, source-leaning manner, specifically analyzing Babur's will as well as the reasons why Hawke brought it to Kabul.
“BABUR-NAME” AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE IN THE RESEARCH OF PROFESSOR T.I. SULTANOVA
Authors:   MSU named after M.V. Lomonosov, Darya Jigulistkaya
Published: September 2023

This article analyzes a series of scholarly works on the Memoirs of Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur, known as the ‘Baburnama’, written by professor Tursun Sultanov, the founder and first chair of the Department of Central Asia and the Caucasus at St. Petersburg State University and a figure of undisputed prominence in the field of Central Asian Studies in Russia. Among these writings are “Manuscript of Babur’s Memoirs Made During the Author’s Lifetime,” “The Memoirs of Babur as a HistoricalSource for the Study of the Moghuls in East Turkistan and Central Asia,” and “The Conditions and Date of Composition of the ‘Baburnama’”. Sultanov’s argument for Babur’s Memoirs as a valuable source for the Medieval History of Central Asia, Afghanistan and India is given special attention.
PERSONAGES IN THE DIVAN OF BABUR
Authors:   Pamukkale University, Sarikose Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Classical Turkish literature is a literary tradition of approximately six centuries, within the general development of Turkish literature, whose theoretical and aesthetic principles were formed within the circle of Islamic civilization and shaped especially by the influence of Arabic and Persian literature. Classical Turkish literature, which is based on religious, historical, mythological and folklore foundations, also serves as a historical source with the "human" element it contains. Its’ statesmen, scholars, philosophers, poets, religious and sufi elders, legendary heroes and similar figures who left their mark on the culture and history of the society in which they lived are the most important sources of Classical Turkish Literature. Starting from this point, in this study, the names of the individuals mentioned in the Divan of Babur, one of the most important works of Chagatai Turkish, were examined and it was aimed at revealing the influence of the individuals within Babur's poetry world.
FATE, HISTORY AND IMAGERY(Babur's strange fate, history and image)
Authors:   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Madraimov Abdumajid
Published: September 2023

This article explores the unusual fate, history and images of Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur, the great Uzbek poet and scientist, famous statesman, who founded a great empire in the territory of Kabul (Afghanistan) and North India (Pakistan and India) in the early 16thcentury. They were presented in their own way by Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur himself, his contemporaries, depicted by miniaturists, and are also studied by various scientists in their own way. The author thought to characterize the most promising areas of study of the rich and diverse heritage of Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur as a great statesman.
HARMONY OF ARUZ AND RHYME IN BABUR’S RUBAIYATS
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Hamroyeva Orzigul
Published: September 2023

The study of the creative and scientific heritage of Zahir ad-Din Muhammad Babur, is a connoisseur of poetics, andone of the important tasks for literary studies. While creating a treatise on the science of poetics, Babur showed its practical results in his works. In particular, the practical application and artistic expression of the theory of aruz and rhyme are clearly visible in Babur's rubais. Five types of rhyme related to weight and three special types, which are traditionally used in Turkish literature are significant in Babur’s work as an important factor indicating the literary environment of the time. In this respect, the analysis and research of poets’ works areimportant.In thisarticle, the rubai of the poet is analyzed, their aruz and rhyme possibilities are studied.
SABA (MORNİNGWIND), THE MESSENGER OF LOVE İN BABUR’S POETRY
Authors:   Secondary school No. 16, Shirvan city, Republic of Azerbaijan, Mechidova Shehla
Published: September 2023

The epic and lyrical works of Babur, who wrote and created excellent works in Cigatai after Alishir Navai,, have reached our time. Although Babur is more famous in the history of literature for his work "Baburnama", his lyrics have always been in the center of attention with their artistic features. Babur proved that he was not only a powerful ruler, but also a poet with delicate feelings and fragile feelings, by depicting human feelings and thoughts more powerfully and beautifully than they were, adding thousands of colors to them with the magic of words and creating beautiful works from each other. The innate talent of the poet plays an important role in the expression of this beauty andelegance, because at this time human feelings and experiences are compared with inanimate natural objects and abstract concepts. In these comparisons, the innate talent of the writer to express any idea in a figurative way is clearly evident. These works,which are expressions of the poetic power of the word and the mysterious world of colors, attract more attention due to the artistic expression style, have stood and are still standing above time.
IMAGES IN THE TRANSLATION OF POETRY SAMPLES IN "BABURNAMA"
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Bumatova Aida
Published: September 2023

Poetry is one of the most beautiful and complex forms of art that transcend time, place, and culture. This article analyzes the changes occurring in the poetictranslation of classical Muslim poetry into English. In the article, translations into English of the poetry of Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur were selected to be researched and analyzed as the most striking examples of classical Muslim poetry.
THE HISTORICAL AND CURRENT SITUATION OF BABUR GARDEN IN AFGHANISTAN
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Ehsonullo Quvonch
Published: September 2023

This article provides a comprehensive examination of the Babur Garden in Kabul, constructed by the illustrious king and poet Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur. It covers the garden's historical and cultural significance, including its importance in Afghan society and government. The article offers a brief historicalcontext of the Kabul region, Babur's genealogy, and the garden's evolution over time, notably during the reign of Shahjahan. Additionally, it explores the various historical sites within Babur garden, shedding light on its contemporary status. This multifaceted analysis offers a thorough understanding of the garden's enduring heritage.
POLITICAL AND MILITARY ENDEAVORS OF ZAHIRIDDIN MUHAMMAD BABUR IN "BABURNAMA": THE CONQUEST OF INDIA
Authors:   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sharipov Azizjon
Published: September 2023

This article explores the pivotal Battle of Panipat, a historic clash that left an indelible mark on both the Baburid dynasty and India's history. It traces the backdrop of the conflict, wherein Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur, asserting his claim as the "legitimate heir" to lands once conquered by Amir Timur, sought to reestablish Timurid rule in the Punjab region, including Delhi. This monumental battle, fought against Ibrahim Lodi, Sultan of Delhi, on April 21, 1526, was a defining moment not only in Babur's life but also in the annals of military history.The article draws from "Baburnama" and other written sources to provide a comprehensive account of the battle's origins, causes, and far-reaching consequences.Furthermore, the author presents schematic tools to facilitate a deeper understanding of this historic confrontation, allowing readers and history enthusiasts to gain a vivid insight into this pivotal event. By doing so, the article not only sheds light on Babur's prowess as a military strategist but also underscores the enduring legacy of the Timurids in the art of warfare, as exemplified by Babur's triumph at Panipat.
BABUR’SCONTRIBUTION INTHE EXPANSION OF THE UZBEK LANGUAGE'S LEXICON DURING THE16TH-CENTURY
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent State university of Uzbek language and literature, Dadaboyev Hamidulla
Published: September 2023

In thisarticle, Babur's incomparable contribution to the progress and development of the vocabulary of the Uzbek language duringthe16th century, and the skill of using words, phrases and terms, assigning them the task of expressing different meanings, expanding the scope of phenomena or processes such as synonyms, homonyms, polysemy, mobile semantics reflected in the language of thatperiod.Active use of outdated units, effective use of existing lexical units in the spoken language of thepeople, efforts to create new words based on the possibilities of the mother tongue, based on the material recorded and the text of "Baburnama" were discussed.
Yavaş Turizm ve Yavaş Şehirlerin Türkiye’de Sürdürülebilir Turizm Coğrafyasına Katkısı
Authors: ASİLTÜRK OKUTAN Yasemin
Published: September 2023

Turizm etkinlikleri ile insanlar farklı kültürleri tanıyabilmektedir. Turistler gittikleri yerlerden etkilenmekte ve gittikleri yerleri etkilemektedir. Bu durum farklı toplumlar arasındaki kültür bağlarını güçlendirmektedir. Yavaş turizm hareketi literatüre son zamanlarda giren ve önem kazanan bir kavramdır. Küreselleşme etkilerinin her alanda yaşandığı günümüzde turizm hareketlerinde yerel miras önemli hale gelmeye başlamıştır. Turizmde yenilikçi bir akım olarak ortaya çıkan yavaş turizm hareketinde turistler, yerel halkla ilişkiler kurmakta, yöreye ait sosyal etkinlikleri ve yerel kültürleri tanımaktadır.

Turizm şekillerinin oluşumunda beşeri ve fiziki coğrafi faktörlerin etkileşimleri etkili olmuştur. Turizmin temelinde turisti çekebilecek coğrafi özellikler yer almaktadır. Deniz, doğal yaşam, tarihsel ve kültürel alanlar, kıyı farklılıkları gibi etkenler turizm faaliyetlerinde farklılık meydana getirmektedir. Türkiye’nin yer aldığı coğrafi konumda üç farklı iklim olması, farklı kültürel mirasların ve beşeri faaliyetlerin çeşitli olması bu değerlerin korunması zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Son yıllarda insanların hızlı yaşamdan sıkılmaları, hayatlarındaki değişlikler ve farklı talepler doğrultusunda yavaş turizm hareketi önem kazanmıştır. Bu araştırmada, yavaş turizm kavramının gelişimi, sürdürülebilirliği ve turizm coğrafyasındaki yeri açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada literatür taraması yapılmış olup, genel bir değerlendirmeye çalışması ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
“Zulmetten Nûra” Adlı Eseri Özelinde Mehmed Şemseddin (Günaltay) Bey’in Osmanlı Mekteplerine Dair Düşünceleri
Authors: ÇAM İrfan Davut
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma, M. Şemseddin (Günaltay) Bey’in “Zulmetten Nûra” adlı eserinden hareketle Osmanlı mekteplerine ilişkin düşüncelerini ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda söz konusu eserin 1331 (1915) tarihli 2. baskısı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, ayrıca ilgili zaman diliminde yayımlanmış olan eğitime dair diğer kaynaklara da başvurulmuştur. Veriler, doküman analizi yöntemiyle toplanmış ve içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Bu çerçevede, M. Şemseddin Bey’in Osmanlı mektepleriyle ilgili düşünceleri belirli kategoriler altında toplanarak tartışılmıştır. Bir makalenin sınırları dikkate alınarak, söz konusu düşüncelerden ancak bir bölümü ele alınmıştır. Bu bölümden anlaşıldığı üzere, M. Şemseddin Bey eğitim ve öğretimin esaslarından öğretim kadrosuna, programlar ve ders kitaplarından fiziki duruma kadar çeşitli açılardan Osmanlı mektepleri üzerinde durmuştur.
Aile İşletmelerinin Profesyonelleşme Düzeylerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Kütahya Örneği
Authors: GÜLER Mürsel
Published: September 2023

Araştırmanın amacı aile işletmelerin profesyonelleşme (finans, kurumsallaşma, insan kaynakları kontrol sistemi, yetki devri ve genel) düzeylerine göre kümelere ayrılarak bu kümelerin oluşmasına etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma örneklemi olarak Kütahya Ticaret Odasına üye aile işletmeleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya 1056 aile işletmesi dahil edilmiştir. Aile işletmelerinin profesyonelleşme düzeyleri kümeleme analizi ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi ile incelenmiştir. Aile işletmelerinin profesyonelleşme düzeyleri açısından kümeleme analizi ile iki kümeye ayrıldığı, profesyonelleşme (finans, kurumsallaşma, insan kaynakları kontrol sistemi, yetki devri ve genel) üzerinde aile işletmesinin yaşının, faaliyette bulunduğu sektörün, yönetiminin kuşağı, aile üyesi olmayan yönetici sayısının, personel sayısının ve hukuki durumunun farklı düzeylerde etkisi olduğu bulgulanmıştır.
Unutulmaya Yüz Tutmuş Yöresel Amasya Yemeklerinin Duyusal Analizle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: PALA Kenan
Published: September 2023

Amasya yöresine özgü unutulmaya yüz tutmuş yemeklerin duyusal analizini yaparak, bu yöresel lezzetlerin karakteristik özelliklerini değerlendirmek ve gelecekte koruma çabalarına katkı sağlamak bu çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Amasya'nın unutulmaya yüz tutmuş yemeklerinden pastırmalı kuşekmeği, kabak kabuğu kavurması, soğan mıhlaması, mayasız ve hamursuz yemeklerinin duyusal analizleri yapılmıştır. Lezzet, doku, koku ve görünüş gibi duyusal özellikler bu analizin odak noktasını teşkil etmektedir. Araştırma deneysel tasarıma sahip olup veriler duyusal analiz tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Yemeklerin duyusal analizleri puanlama testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Duyusal analiz ölçeğinde panelistlerin belirtmiş olduğu puanların aritmetik ortalamaları alınarak unutulmaya yüz tutmuş yöresel Amasya yemeklerinin sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Duyusal analiz sonuçlarına dayalı olarak, mayasız yemeğinin unutulmaya yüz tutmuş Amasya yöresel yemekleri içerisinde görünüş, lezzet ve genel beğeni açısından ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir.
Pre-Service Science Teachers' Understanding of Infinity Concept: The Case of Image on Convex Lens
Authors: DURU Mehmet Kürşad
Published: September 2023

In this study, pre-service science teachers’ definitions of the concept of infinity were tried to be revealed and their understanding of the concept was tried to be examined through the image formation experiment in a convex lens. The study was conducted with 31 pre-service science teachers studying in the 3rd year of science teaching at a state university. Two separate scales were used as data collection tools in the research. The scales consist of open-ended questions designed to reveal pre-service teachers' definitions of the concept of infinity and to evaluate their knowledge about image formation and image properties in convex lenses in this context. One of the scales (Scale-1) was applied before the image formation demonstration experiment in the convex lens, and the other (Scale-2) was applied after the application. The data obtained from the scales were analyzed using the descriptive analysis technique. Pre-service science teachers’ definitions of infinity were grouped under three themes: general, mathematical and physical. Pre-service teachers mostly define and understand infinity with codes such as "unknown, undetectable, unmeasurable, undetectable, inexplicable, incomprehensible "under the "general" theme which includes the sub-themes of "unknown" and "having no end". This understanding of the prospective teachers leads them to the misunderstanding that the image of the object at infinity in the focal point of the convex lens is virtual and cannot be seen.
Atividade antimicrobiana de óleos essenciais e compostos isolados frente aos agentes patogênicos de origem clínica e alimentar
Authors: Santos Caio Henrique da Silva , Piccoli Roberta Hilsdorf , Tebaldi Victor Maximiliano Reis
Published: September 2023

Os óleos essenciais de plantas demonstram atividade antimicrobiana frente a diversos micro-organismos, e são considerados como alternativa ao uso de antibióticos convencionais. Este estudo testou a eficácia de óleos essenciais de canela (Cinnamomum cassia), orégano (Origanum vulgare), cravo-da-índia (Syzygium aromaticum), citronela (Cymbopogon nardus), além dos compostos isolados citral contra Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 e citral e carvacrol contra Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Empregou-se o método de microdiluição em Caldo Tripticaseina de Soja (TSB) em placa de 96 cavidades para determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e posterior semeadura em Ágar Tripticaseina de Soja (TSA) para definir a Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). Os inóculos foram padronizados (107 UFC/mL) de acordo com a escala de MacFarland. Os óleos essenciais de canela, orégano e citronela mostraram atividade antimicrobiana contra os dois microrganismos em diferentes concentrações. O óleo essencial de cravo-da-índia não apresentou efeitos inibitórios nas concentrações testadas. O carvacrol inibiu P. aeruginosa a partir da concentração 1,25 %. O citral inibiu S. aureus a partir da concentração 0,03 %, porém não apresentou atividade contra P. aeruginosa. O óleo essencial de citronela e o composto citral foram mais eficazes contra S. aureus. Para P. aeruginosa, o óleo essencial de canela apresentou atividade antimicrobiana nas menores concentrações.
Reflexões sobre cenários, vigilância epidemiológica e controle da transmissão de leishmaniose visceral no estado de São Paulo
Authors: Rangel Osias
Published: September 2023

Diferenças regionais nos padrões de transmissão da leishmaniose visceral tem se constituído ao longo do tempo em diferentes cenários para enfrentamento da doença no estado de São Paulo. Entre 1999 a 2016, Lutzomyia longipalpis foi detectado em 95,8% (137/143) dos municípios com transmissão humana, canina ou ambas. Todavia, a ocorrência de casos humanos em município do litoral e aumento de casos caninos na região metropolitana de São Paulo sem detecção do vetor, sugere novos desafios à vigilância e ao controle da doença. No oeste do estado, prevalece à forma clássica de transmissão com 19,70% (13/66) dos municípios prioritários, acumulando 63,8% (245/384) dos casos no triênio 2015-2016-2017. Esse padrão epidemiológico é compatível com a regra empírica 80/20. Alguns destes municípios houve remissão da transmissão, porem com posterior aumento no decorrer dos anos. Desse modo conclui-se que a vigilância e o controle da leishmaniose visceral terá como desafio a busca por novas ferramentas para o enfrentamento da transmissão nos diversos cenários e para o efetivo controle da doença.
A thermodynamic paradigm for using satellite based geophysical measurements in public health applications
Authors: Luvall Jeffrey C
Published: September 2023

A thermodynamic paradigm for studying disease vector’s habitats & life cycles using NASA’s remote sensing data is being proposed. NASA’s current and planned satellite missions provide measurements of the critical environmental measures environmental state functions important to vector & disease life cycles such as precipitation, soil moisture, temperature, vapor pressure deficits, wet/dry edges, and solar radiation. Satellite data provide landscape scale process functions represented by land use/cover mapping and actual measurements of ecological functions/structure: canopy cover, species, phenology, and aquatic plant coverage. These measurements are taken in a spatial context and provide a time series of data to track changes in time. Global public health is entering a new informational age through the use of spatial models of disease vector/host ecologies driven by the use of remotely sensed data to measure environmental and structural factors critical in determining disease vector habitats, distributions, life cycles, and host interactions. The vector habitat microclimates can be quantified in terms of the surface energy budget measured by satellites. The epidemiological equations (processes) can be adapted and modified to explicitly incorporate environmental factors and interfaces required by a specific disease and its vector/host cycle. Remote sensing can be used to measure or evaluate or estimate both environment (state functions) and interface (process functions). It is critical that the products of remote sensing must be expressed in a way they can be integrated directly into the epidemiological equations.
Patologia morfológica e molecular aplicadas à inovação diagnóstica e vigilância da leishmaniose visceral
Authors: Guerra Juliana Mariotti , Araújo Leonardo José Tadeu de , Ressio Rodrigo Albergaria , Fernandes Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo
Published: September 2023

O conceito de Saúde Única surgiu para ressaltar a união indissociável entre a saúde animal, humana e ambiental. Nesse contexto, a leishmaniose visceral americana (LVA) é considerada uma importante doença de saúde pública no Brasil, devido a sua crescente expansão geográfica e aumento na incidência de casos humanos. A LVA é uma doença parasitária, zoonótica, causada pela Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (syn. chagasi) e transmitida por flebotomíneos do gênero Lutzomyia. Os cães são considerados os principais reservatórios do parasito nas áreas urbanas. O diagnóstico da LVA é baseado em aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e laboratoriais. A demonstração da presença do parasito através de exames diretos em tecidos biológicos do hospedeiro é o diagnóstico de escolha, principalmente, em municípios em que a transmissão de LVA ainda não tenha sido confirmada. Diversas metodologias podem ser aplicadas com essa finalidade. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar as técnicas citológicas, anatomo-patológicas e moleculares em amostras fixadas em formalina e incluídas em parafina para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral em humanos e cães. Esses dados são complementares à apresentação realizada no I Simpósio Internacional de Leishmaniose Visceral, realizado nos dia 23 e 24 de Abril de 2018, e organizado pelo Instituto Adolfo Lutz em São Paulo-SP, Brasil.
Leishmaniose canina: diagnóstico e manejo do reservatório urbano
Authors: Torres Filipe Dantas
Published: September 2023

A leishmaniose canina é uma doença multifacetada, causada por várias espécies de protozoários do gênero Leishmania, transmitidos por várias espécies de flebotomíneos, em diferentes tipos de ambiente. A leishmaniose tem um impacto psicossocial e socioeconômico considerável em áreas endêmicas no Brasil, onde as populações mais afetadas já são historicamente castigadas por outros males e condicionantes do processo saúde-doença, como a própria pobreza e má-nutrição. Diante desse contexto, a leishmaniose canina deixou, há muito tempo, de ser um “problema veterinário” e passou a ser uma questão de saúde pública. Nos últimos anos, vários avanços foram alcançados no que diz respeito a leishmaniose canina. No presente artigo, alguns aspectos relacionados ao diagnóstico e manejo de cães infectados por Leishmania infantum, sejam esses sadios ou doentes, são discutidos. É preciso utilizar de forma correta os testes diagnósticos disponíveis e interpretar os resultados à luz dos achados clínicos. Uma vez que o diagnóstico de leishmaniose canina for confirmado, veterinários e profissionais da saúde pública devem considerar todas as opções disponíveis antes de decidir qual a melhor estratégia a ser adotada em cada caso individual. Por fim, o uso de produtos à base de piretróides permanece como a principal medida de prevenção a ser adotada em cães em áreas endêmicas.