Effet de la fertilisation organique des Ã©tangs Ã partir des fientes de poulets sur la survie et la croissance des alevins de Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Nicolas Amon Yao , AndrÃ© Coulibaly , AkpolÃ«t Kouakou Nâ€™Gouan , Kouakou Yao 
Published: May 2021

Pour apprÃ©cier lâ€™efficacitÃ© de lâ€™engrais organique dans la production piscicole, une Ã©tude a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©e sur lâ€™effet des fientes de poulets sur la survie et la croissance des alevins de Oreochromis niloticus en phase de prÃ©grossissement en Ã©tang. Pour ce faire, 24000 alevins de cette espÃ¨ce de poids moyens compris entre 3,93 Â± 0,62get 3,97 Â± 0,31g ont Ã©tÃ© sÃ©lectionnÃ©s et rÃ©partis Ã©quitablement dans six (6) Ã©tangs de 200 m2 Ã  la densitÃ© de 20 alevins/m2 . Trois Ã©tangs ont reÃ§u une application de fientes de poulet Ã  la dose 10 kg/m2 /mois tandis que les trois autres, pris comme tÃ©moins, nâ€™ont pas Ã©tÃ© fertilisÃ©s. Les alevins ont Ã©tÃ© nourris trois fois par jour Ã  lâ€™aide dâ€™un aliment farineux titrant 35% de protÃ©ines Ã  la ration journaliÃ¨re de 10% de la biomasse durant deux mois. Les rÃ©sultats relatifs aux performances de croissance indiquent que le Gain Moyen Quotidien (GMQ) a Ã©tÃ© plus important au niveau des poissons Ã©levÃ©s dans les Ã©tangs fertilisÃ©s que celui enregistrÃ© au niveau des Ã©tangs non fertilisÃ©s (1,04 Â± 0,17 g/j contre 0,69 Â± 0,11 g/j). En ce qui concerne le taux de croissance spÃ©cifique pondÃ©ral, son Ã©volution a Ã©tÃ© semblable Ã  celui du GMQ. La valeur enregistrÃ©e a Ã©tÃ© de 4,71 Â± 0,22%/j pour les poissons des Ã©tangs fertilisÃ©s contre 4,07 Â± 0,01%/j pour les poissons des Ã©tangs non fertilisÃ©s. Quant Ã  la survie, de lâ€™ordre de 95%, elle a Ã©tÃ© sensiblement identique dans tous les milieux dâ€™Ã©levage. Ces rÃ©sultats suggÃ¨rent que lâ€™apport de fertilisant (fientes) contribue Ã  la croissance des poissons par lâ€™augmentation de la production primaire, source supplÃ©mentaire de nourriture.
 
To assess the effectiveness of organic fertilizer in fish production, a study was carried out on the effect of chicken droppings on the survival and growth of Oreochromis niloticus fry in the first stages of their breeding in ponds. To do this, 24 000 fry of this species of average weight between 3.93 Â± 0.62g and 3.97 Â± 0.31g were selected and distributed equally in six (6) ponds of 200 m2 at a density of 20 fry / m2 . Three ponds received an application of chicken droppings at a dose of 10 kg / m2 / month while the other three, taken as controls, were not fertilized. The fry were fed three times a day with a floury feed containing 35% protein in the daily ration of 10% of the biomass during two months. The results relating to growth performance indicate that the Daily Weight Gain (DWG) was greater in fish reared in fertilized ponds than that recorded in unfertilized ponds (1.04 Â± 0.17 g / d against 0.69 Â± 0.11 g / d). Regarding the specific weight growth rate, its evolution was similar to that of the DWG. The recorded value was 4.71 Â± 0.22% / d for fish from fertilized ponds against 4.07 Â± 0.01% / d for fish from unfertilized ponds. As for survival, of the order of 95%, it was roughly identical in all breeding environments. These results suggest that the supply of fertilizer (droppings) contributes to the growth of fish by increasing primary production, an additional source of food.