bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTABLISHMENT OF VICARIOUS CALIBRATION/VALIDATION FACILITY FOR SPACE BORNE HIGH AND MID RESOLUTION OPTICAL SENSORS
Authors: Santhi Sree B. , Raghavender N. , Raju K. S. , Chandrasekaran D. , Gopala Krishna B. , Kumar A. S.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Vicarious calibration refers to methods that make use of “invariant” natural targets of the Earth for the post-launch calibration of sensors. This process of calibration is useful for initial phase orbit operation of sensor and thereafter for validation during its operational span. This method of periodic evaluation of radiometric and geometric performance of the space-borne optical sensors and validation of derived radiance/reflectance is to ensure availability of consistent and accurate data products to the user community. This paper describes one such Cal/Val facility’s design, engineering aspects and realization at National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Shadnagar. The target materials used for filling the Cal/Val site are studied for its reflectance. These targets have reflectance ranging from 9% to 53%, in the VNIR (Visible and Near Infra-Red) region. This paper also describes instruments used for calibration and homogeneity studies of targets for its invariance since operationalisation (January 2016). The last section of this paper is about reflectance based absolute radiometric calibration of medium resolution Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) sensor (Resourcesat and Cartosat series) using RT model and edge based LSF/MTF estimation of high resolution sensor carried out using the Cal/Val facility.
Perception of the flash flood hazard by the population of Mindelo, S.
Vicente (Cape Verde)
Authors: Martins Bruno , Nunes Adélia , Lourenço Luciano , Castro Fátima
Published: November 2018

Abstract. São Vicente island (Republic of Cape Verde) lies within the Sahelian zone and faces several natural hazards of which one of the most significant is the flash flooding hazard. Based on a questionnaire entitled Flash Flood Hazard Perception in Cabo Verde applied to 199 subjects we seek to specifically ascertain some of the factors which influence behavioural decision making to be adopted by populations when confronted with this natural hazard. To identify the primary factors associated with perception of flash flood risk, a multivariate technique of the principal components analyses (PCA) were performed. The results obtained on this study suggest that women present higher levels of knowledge on this type of natural hazard. The study reveal slickly statistical differences between the groups with and without prior experience of flash floods concerning the perceptions, causal attributions, knowledge and perception of support from public entities regarding the flash flood hazard. There is a significant association between causal attributions and the degree of knowledge regarding the flash floods hazard, suggesting that the individuals who tend to attribute the phenomenon of flash floods to external factors, evidencing adequate knowledge on this type of natural hazard.
Estudios
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: November 2018

N/A
III. Necrológica
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: November 2018

N/A
Gobernabilidad territorial y relaciones de poder en espacios turísticos: los conflictos derivados de las políticas públicas de renovación de los destinos turísticos consolidados de litoral
Authors: Simancas Cruz Moisés
Published: November 2018

Las acciones y procesos de renovación se revelan como claves para el reposicionamiento competitivo de las áreas turísticas consolidadas. Sin embargo, su implementación genera conflictos. Ello se debe a los intereses, objetivos y lógicas de funcionamiento divergentes y contrapuestos de los distintos y diversos actores, públicos y privados. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el conflicto derivado de la implementación de la estrategia de la política pública del destino turístico Islas Canarias (España) de vincular la autorización de la construcción de nuevos establecimientos de alojamiento turístico de cuatro estrellas a la renovación de existentes. Se ha optado por el enfoque de análisis de contenido o de correlato, de modo que el sujeto de observación de la investigación ha sido el proceso mismo y sus diversos momentos temporales, profundizando en el conjunto de elementos estructurales que han conformado el conflicto: causas, componentes, actores objetivos y efectos.
Para construir la verdad: La lógica como nexo entre la tradición judeo-árabe y la "Visión Deleytable"
Authors: Hamilton Michelle M.
Published: November 2018

Un glosario de términos hebreos y sus equivalentes en romance, recopilados de un tratado sobre la lógica y la filosofía compuesto por Maimónides (al-Maqālah fi-ṣināʻat al-manṭiq), circulaba en hebreo aljamiado entre judíos y/o conversos empapados en el humanismo castellano del siglo XV. Este glosario se incluye en una colección de textos que también contiene varias obras literarias de autores conversos, entre ellas, la Visión deleytable de Alfonso de la Torre, extractos de la traducción de las sentenciae de Séneca realizada por Alfonso de Cartagena, y otros tres glosarios de términos de índole aristotélica. La existencia de esta colección en el MS Parma 2666 en la Biblioteca Palatina, Parma, Italia, es testimonio de que lectores judíos y/o conversos del siglo XV (los que podían leer el hebreo aljamiado) leían e interpretaban la Visión deleytable en el contexto de la tradición filosófica árabehebrea que se conocía en la España del siglo XV en traducciones hebreas y latinas. En este artículo examino cómo el vocabulario filosófico elaborado en al-Manṭiq y asequible en romance en el glosario en MS Parma 2666 refleja la epistemología maimonidiana, tal como sobrevivía en un círculo intelectual de conversos/judíos –lectores de la Visión– partícipes de la traducción de las obras de Maimónides y de sus fuentes en el siglo XV.
Verdad y mentira en sentido judío ("El Tratado del arte de la lógica" de Maimónides en la "Visión Deleytable")
Authors: Herrera Guillén Rafael
Published: November 2018

La Visión deleytable es un libro escrito en clave irónico-esotérica. En este artículo se demuestran básicamente dos tesis: la primera es que Alfonso de la Torre es un autor judío de modo esencial, y su libro constituye una magnífica expresión de marranismo literario y filosófico. Alfonso de la Torre es un judío que se expresa desde el secreto y la ironía. El marranismo y el secreto son dos piezas fundamentales a su vez del pensamiento de Maimónides, de quien bebe este texto en su espíritu filosófico-político. Por todo ello, demostramos que el autor de la Visión deleytable, no sólo es un perfecto conocedor de la Guía de perplejos; la influencia del sefardí va más allá. Así, se demuestra que el libro de Alfonso de la Torre se nutre de otras obras de Maimónides, como el Tratado del Arte de la Lógica; pero también hubo de conocer textos como la Carta de la conversión forzosa o la Carta a los judíos del Yemen.
Goyaz urbano na primeira metade do século XIX: imagens dos viajantes
Authors: Menezes Marcos Antônio de
Published: November 2018

O trabalho mostra o surgimento das cidades na província de Goyaz e a forma como elas aparecem nas narrativas dos viajantes do século XIX. Os pioneiros viajantes, normalmente europeus, foram os interessados em retratar as paisagens e cidades brasileiras no século XIX, período em que elas passavam por grandes transformações. Transformações que não atingiu todas as cidades da ex-colônia e principalmente as da província de Goyaz o que levou quase a totalidade dos viajantes que a visitou fazerem uma descrição apontando para o atraso material a que estava submetida toda a região e apontassem seus habitantes como “preguiçosos” e assim responsáveis pelo atraso. O viajante Oscar Leal, um dos últimos a passar por Goiás já em 1882, não mais fala de decadência, mas sim de progresso. Quando de sua passagem por Jataí o que anota sobre a cidade do sudoeste goiano são suas modernidades.
Anulação do registro civil de paternidade por erro substancial à luz dos novos paradigmas do direito de famílias
Authors: Michalski de Almeida Bertolla Luana , Martins Sgarbi Vivian , Da Rosa Cachapuz Rozane
Published: November 2018

Diante dos novos contornos do direito de famílias, analisará o erro substancial como causa de anulação do reconhecimento de paternidade, retificando-se o registro civil e cessando-se os demais efeitos do estado de filiação. Parte da proteção constitucional da família, abordando a seguir as formas de reconhecimento de paternidade e apresenta a definição de erro como patologia dos negócios jurídicos. Por fim, expõe o entendimento doutrinário e dos tribunais superiores sobre a possibilidade de anulação do registro civil de paternidade por erro substancial.
A gestão ambiental em Minas Gerais e o rompimento da barragem de rejeitos do Fundão em Mariana/MG
Authors: César Paulo Sérgio Mendes , Carneiro Ricardo
Published: November 2018

O meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado está assegurado em nossa Carta Magna, sendo que incumbe ao Poder Público, juntamente com a coletividade, defendê-lo. Coadunar a proteção do meio ambiente com a necessidade de promover o desenvolvimento econômico tem se mostrado uma tarefa árdua. Seguindo a prescrição constitucional, o artigo discute a gestão ambiental em Minas Gerais, tendo em perspectiva o desastre ambiental provocado pelo rompimento, em 2015, da Barragem de Rejeitos do Fundão, localizada em Mariana/MG. Para a consecução desse objetivo, são abordados a sistemática de licenciamento ambiental adotada no país, que está no cerne da Política Nacional de Meio Ambiente (PNUMA), as principais características da estrutura e da atuação do sistema de gestão ambiental mineiro, com ênfase no monitoramento de barragens, e aspectos relevantes concernentes aos processos de licenciamento e controle da referida barragem, construída e operada pela Samarco Mineração S.A. As considerações finais reafirmam a importância da regulação ambiental no tocante à promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável e da existência de uma adequada capacidade estatal para sua aplicação.
A (in) admissibilidade da certidão de óbito como prova substitutiva de exame de corpo de delito direto ou indireto
Authors: Keske Henrique Alexander Grazzi , Macedo Leonardo Brunetti , Alves Alessandra Pacheco
Published: November 2018

A prova da materialidade de um homicídio depende de um exame de corpo de delito, direto ou indireto. O exame de corpo de delito é uma espécie de prova que o Código de Processo Penal diz ser imprescindível quando o crime deixar vestígios. Por se tratar de um crime que deixa vestígios, a prova da materialidade do homicídio depende da realização de exame de corpo de delito. Somente quando for impossível a sua realização, aí, então, a prova testemunhal poderá servir como único elemento a lastrear uma decisão condenatória. Nenhum outro documento pode substituir o laudo pericial que formaliza o exame de corpo de delito quando é possível produzir essa espécie de prova. Sendo assim, não deve ser admitido o uso de uma certidão de óbito - como alguns vêm admitindo - como se exame de corpo de delito fosse, quando era possível realizar a perícia, pois esse documento não preenche os requisitos necessários para que se caracterize como exame de corpo de delito, sem o qual não pode haver decisão condenatória.
Paradoxos e ambiguidades da imparcialidade judicial: entre “quereres” e “poderes”
Authors: Lopes Cláudio Ribeiro
Published: November 2018

Trata-se de uma resenha da obra de Bárbara Gomes Lupetti Baptista. Um trabalho interessante e que contou com uma etnografia, algo raro nas pesquisas envolvendo o Direito. Buscou a autora ientificar na obra subjetividades e moralidades que levam juízes a atuar jurisdicionalmente num ou noutro sentido.
Reforma administrativa e burocracia: impacto da eficiência na configuração do direito administrativo brasileiro
Authors: Cunha Germano Matheus Codognotto da
Published: November 2018

NOHARA, Irene Patrícia. Reforma administrativa e burocracia: impacto da eficiência na configuração do direito administrativo brasileiro. São Paulo: Atlas, 2012.
Regime global de acesso à informação pública: a participação do Brasil
Authors: Barreto Osmar Fernando Gonçalves , Barbosa Marco Antonio
Published: November 2018

Na atualidade existe um movimento internacional de acesso à informação pública, que advêm do crescimento da tecnologia da informação, da adoção da democracia por diversos países e da integração entre esses elementos visando gerar dados e informações públicas aos cidadãos, principalmente através da adoção de leis de acesso à informação, a fim de tornar mais transparente a atividade estatal, e assim impedir ou ao menos diminuir a corrupção. Diante da globalização da legislação de acesso à informação e das pressões internas e externas o Brasil promulgou a lei 12.557/11 (LAI). Assim, o objetivo do artigo é (I) estudar a participação do Brasil nesse regime, através da comparação com alguns países que abarcaram tal movimento, (II) analisar se a criação dessa legislação protetora pode ser entendida como real avanço democrático e (III) como é possível usar os exemplos das legislações dos outros países analisados para implementar medidas que ajudem a promover o acesso à informação. O método utilizado consiste no exame de artigos acadêmicos, legislações e, em especial, pesquisa realizada na internet sobre notícias e sites relacionados ao movimento. Chegou-se à conclusão de que a adoção da Lei de Acesso à Informação pelo Brasil trata-se de primeiro passo para acompanhar o regime global, e que através da experiência e de medidas instituídas em outros países (que comprovadamente, através de rankings tradicionalmente elaborados sobre o assunto, surtiram efeito) fortaleça-se a cultura de acesso à informação e assim, as demandas de grande parte da sociedade brasileira por um Estado mais transparente e, consequentemente, com menos corrupção, sejam atendidas.
A Legal Framework for Sustainable Electrical Energy Industry in Nigeria
Authors: Erhun Mercy O. , Johnson Daniel O.
Published: November 2018

Nigeria has fairly adequate endowment of energy resources, yet the country is lagging behind in terms of access to reliable and affordable energy supply. The country faces serious challenges as a result of declining electricity generation from domestic power plants. This steady decline has led to a near failure of the electric power sector. Electricity supply required to place Nigeria on the path of economic growth and sustainable development is in very short supply. The country has just 45 electrification rate, with only 54.7% of her population electrified as at 2016. More than 80 million people are still without access to electricity with frequent power failure. This has contributed to the slow economic growth currently experienced in Nigeria. Regular power supply is the hallmark of a developed economy. Nigeria is blessed with energy resources which could be harnessed to provide various modern energy services and which could have played essential role in the effort to alleviate poverty in the country. There is failure to mobilize the required resources for the development of energy resources in Nigeria. Around 1,500MW of Nigeria’s hydropower potential is currently being used, contributing to about 30% of the total amount of electricity produced. The large amount of gas associated with oil exploration operations is being wasted through flaring instead of being valuably used for power generation and industrial processes. Current patterns of production and consumption of energy are not sustainable. This paper highlights the importance of sustainable electric energy development in attaining sustainable development in Nigeria.
Energy Conservation Behavior of Thai University Students
Authors: Thayayuth Kunanunt , Pimdee Paitoon
Published: November 2018

An estimated 1.2 billion people, or 16% of the global population, did not have access to electricity in 2015. Therefore, access and the conservation of energy have become critical issues in a country’s quest for economic prowess and sustainability. This research, therefore, aimed to study the energy-conservation behavior of university students, and compare their energy-saving behavior categorized by gender and university group. The sample of 900 undergraduate students came from 15 Thai public universities under the Office of the Higher Education Commission [OHEC] in the 2013 academic year. The sample was randomly selected using a multi-stage sampling method. The instrument used to collect data in this research was a 5-level rating-scale questionnaire with reliability which was between 0.86-0.94. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test for independent sample and one-way ANOVA. The findings revealed that the students exhibited energy-conservation behavior in a family context at a high level, while energy-conservation behavior for themselves, and for the public was at a moderate level. Male and female students had different energy-conservation behaviors, and students under different university groups had distinct energy-conservation behaviors.
A Correlational Analysis to Assess Major Obstacles Associated with the Internationalization of Saudi Startup Enterprises
Authors: Aleidan Megbel
Published: November 2018

Startups’ constant tendency to grow and scale up through internationalization is occasionally collided with a number of barriers in the domains of legalization and regulation, market and customer, environment and competitiveness, information and knowledge, resources and accessibility, and economy and culture. The sharpness of these barriers might intensify when it comes to startups from emerging markets. Consequently, a need for assessing the major obstacles associated with the internationalization of emerging markets’ startups is emphasized. In this regard, a correlational analysis has been used to identify and assess the role of these obstacles in restricting Saudi startup enterprises to operate internationally. A total of 103 participants were included in the data collection process of the study from Saudi startup enterprises. The findings have shown that liability of foreignness, managerial dispute and organizational distrust, and immaturity of home market were the most influential barrier towards internationalization process of SMEs. Coping implications were suggested to mitigate the impact of each barrier and possible avenues for future research in the area of startups’ internationalization were recommended.
Lo viejo y lo nuevo. Una aproximación antropológica a los cambios socioculturales en las personas transplantadas
Authors: Venturas Nieto Montserrat
Published: November 2018

El transplante de órganos y tejidos se realiza en nuestra sociedad, a través de la donación, el altruismo y la solidaridad de los donantes. El presente artículo, fruto de una investigación en curso, parte del análisis en profundidad de las entrevistas realizadas a personas en lista de espera para transplante de órganos y personas que ya han pasado por el transplante. El objetivo de este estudio son las personas y los cambios socioculturales que experimentan. Uno de ellos es el generalizado sentimiento de agradecimiento.
La memòria recuperada: l’ús dels relats biogràfics en la segona i tercera generació dels emigrants valencians als Estats Units d’Amèrica a principi del segle xx
Authors: García Hernandorena Pepa
Published: November 2018

És habitual quan es fa ús del mètode biogràfic recollir els relats directament d'aquells que van viure els fets narrats, siguin estos tota una vida o alguns aspectes que l'investigador desitgi que siguin destacats. En la investigació duta a terme sobre la recuperació de la memòria dels emigrants valencians als Estats Units d'Amèrica durant les dues primeres dècades del segle XX això es presenta com un fet impossible: els que van viure en primera persona l'emigració ja han desaparegut. Es podria pensar que amb ells desapareixien també les seues històries. Però gràcies a un exhaustiu treball amb els seus descendents (filles i fills, nétes i néts, nebodes i nebots) i fent ús de tècniques que són pròpies d'esta metodologia com entrevistes obertes de tall biogràfic, anàlisi de correspondència i altres documents com ara fotografies, està sent possible recuperar un patrimoni que d'una altra manera hagués acabat esvaint-se.El treball que aquí es presenta gira així entorn de diverses qüestions: si les vides són narrades per uns altres: què és el que recorden? com ho recorden? com ho transmeten?
Relatos clínicos de contaminación y peligro. Cocreando desde dentro el estigma social en la gestante seropositiva
Authors: Hernández Garre José Manuel , Del Cerro Hidalgo Eva María , Echevarría Pérez Paloma
Published: November 2018

El objetivo del artículo ha sido explorar las principales representaciones de los sanitarios respecto a las parturientas VIH positivo, y sus posibles repercusiones en el proceso de creación/destrucción de su identidad en clave de estigma social. La metodología elegida ha sido la realización de una serie de entrevistas semiestructuradas, cuyos resultados muestran ciertos miedos e inseguridades que afloran en los sanitarios como consecuencia de la sensación de vulnerabilidad, miedos que se acrecientan en el parto, donde la posibilidad de infección se magnifica al tener contacto con fluidos corporales potencialmente contaminantes. La conclusión final es que la corporalidad de la gestante seropositiva se construye en los medios clínicos en clave negativa, apareciendo en los relatos dos tipos de estigma, el «determinante», asociado al peligro de contagio en sí mismo, y el «simbólico», derivado de las conductas socialmente desacreditadas que se relacionan popularmente a la enfermedad.
¿Por qué hay canciones que perduran?
Authors: Albisu Barandiaran Josune
Published: November 2018

El principal objetivo de este artículo es analizar una canción, Txoria txori, para  deducir cuales han sido las principales características que la han convertido en “Himno popular”, permitiéndola  perdurar en el tiempo. Dentro de las principales características, dos han sido verdaderamente reseñables: por una parte, la plasticidad, y por otra, la sencillez y estructura clara de la canción.      Descriptores: canción, Txoria txori, plasticidad, creatividad.
Bailando la diferencia: identidades culturales y música salsa en Barcelona
Authors: Llano Camacho Isabel
Published: November 2018

En el baile de la salsa hay muchos estilos. En Barcelona, el estilo cubano fue el primero en difundirse a inicios de 1990. Sin embargo, el estilo Los Ángeles comenzó a proliferar desde comienzos de 2000, a la vez que empezó a replicarse el modelo de los congresos de salsa a nivel mundial. La internacionalización del baile de la salsa coincidió con el boom de la inmigración latinoamericana en España, por lo que la emergencia de las primeras escuelas y compañías de baile de salsa dirigidas al público local, a principios del nuevo siglo, ocurrió paralelamente a la apertura de nuevas discotecas de salsa, merengue y bachata dirigidas a los residentes latinoamericanos. Dada la programación de salsa, realizada por las discotecas y salas de baile, sería posible dar por hecho que los latinoamericanos residentes en Barcelona y los autóctonos convergen en estos espacios, sin embargo, la realidad es otra. Considerando el concepto kinetopia, en este artículo aportamos un  análisis sobre la oposición de “baile de escuela” y “baile callejero”, que explicaría la segmentación de los espacios de baile de la salsa en Barcelona, más allá de las diferencias culturales.
From tacit to verbalized knowledge. Towards a culturally informed musical analysis of Central Javanese karawitan
Authors: Grupe Gerd
Published: November 2018

In the music cultures of the world we encounter both tacit and verbalized musical knowledge to various degrees. In order to reconstruct emic views on musical concepts and practices which are a prerequisite of any seriously culturally informed musical analysis we need to disclose local knowledge by appropriate means even if it is not directly open to verbal discourse. Current computer technology enables us to set up interactive experiments where local experts can verbally address relevant musical features in discussing audio examples which have been prepared by the researcher. The performance of virtual musicians can be evaluated by the local experts and various relevant parameters may be investigated individually if suitable versions of customary pieces are available. Thus aspects which seem to be tacit knowledge because they usually elude verbal discourse can be made accessible and transformed into verbalized, declarative knowledge. The paper presents preliminary results of a case study on Central Javanese gamelan music (karawitan) where renowned Javanese musicians commented on computer-generated versions of traditional compositions regarding the idiomatically appropriate performance practice of the virtual ensemble as well as the tuning and sound of various virtual gamelan sets emulated by the computer.
L’etnografia com a camí: entrevista a Joan Frigolé
Authors: Clua i Fainé Montserrat
Published: November 2018

El 28 de març de 2014 es celebrà a la Universitat de Barcelona un acte d’homenatge al Catedràtic Joan Frigolé en motiu de la seva jubilació.[1] Un mes abans el Projecte Entrevistes tenia el privilegi d’entrevistar-lo. En la conversa el Dr.Frigolé ens va explicar com va arribar a l’antropologia a través de Claudi Esteva, els seus inicis assemblearis a la universitat franquista i la fundació de l’ICA. En el seu relat es mostra la importància que van tenir les experiències etnogràfiques en la delimitació dels temes que ha estudiat, mostrant el fil conductor que va des del treball de camp a Calasparra (Múrcia), fins a les trementinaires i el procés de patrimonialització a l’Alt Pirineu, passant per la institució de “llevarse a la novia”, la relació entre antropologia i literatura aplicada al teatre de Lorca o l’antropologia del genocidi.[1] Vegeu: http://www.ub.edu/ubtv/es/video/acte-d-homenatge-al-catedratic-joan-frigole
Determination of 2- and 3-MCPD as well as 2- and 3-MCPD Esters and Glycidyl Esters (GE) in Infant and Adult/Pediatric Nutritional Formula by Gas Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Method, First Action 2018.03
Authors: Dubois Mathieu , Empl Anna-Maria , Jaudzems Greg , Basle Quentin , Konings Erik
Published: November 2018

Background: Monochloropropanediol (MCPD) and its fatty acid esters as well as glycidyl fatty acid esters are substances generated during oil refining or food processing. The free form released during digestion, 3-MCPD and glycidol, have shown adverse effects in animal studies. Objective: So far, the available analytical methods have not been validated in a collaborative study for infant and adult nutritional formulas. This manuscript describes a single-laboratory validation method in view of a future multilaboratory validation trial. Methods: The method described is for the direct determination of 2- and 3-MCPD and indirect determination of 2- and 3-MCPD esters and glycidyl esters in infant and adult/pediatric nutritional formulas by GC coupled to MS. Results: The analytical range was found to be 4–2000 μg/kg powder formula and 0.7–333 μg/kg liquid formula for fatty acid esters of MCPD and glycidol, and 2.5–750 μg/kg samples for free MCPD. The recovery rates were within 91–124% for all samples. Repeatability precision was <20% at levels close to the LOQ. Conclusions: The results met the Standard Method Performance Requirements® (SMPR) set by the AOAC Stakeholder Panel on Infant Formula and Adult Nutritionals. Highlights: The AOAC Expert Review Panel approved the present method as AOAC Official First Action 2018.03.
Tracing the Geographical Origin of Roasted and Green Coffee Using Isotope Fingerprints
Authors: Brodie Christopher , Kracht Oliver , Hilkert Andreas
Published: November 2018

Background: Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide, sourced from different geographical regions. To ensure that coffeebeans come from labelled locations, laboratories need an analytical solution that can discriminate geographical origin. Coffee beans have a fingerprint, a unique chemical signature that allows them to be identified: Isotope fingerprints of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen have been reliably used for origin claim verification. Objective: Show that hydrogen and oxygen isotope fingerprints from green and roasted coffee beans can determine the origin of coffee beans. Methods: The coffee beans were initially ground to as fine as possible a powder using a cryo-mill. Following, samples were weighed into tin capsules and introduced to the Thermo Scientific EA IsoLink™ IRMS System via the Thermo Scientific MAS Plus autosampler, where they were pyrolyzed at 1450°C, and converted to H2 and CO for analysis. Results: The hydrogen and oxygen isotope fingerprints of the coffee beans show that they can be clearly differentiated at the continent scale. Conclusions: It is evident that measuring the isotope fingerprint of coffee beans helps support legislation on food integrity and labelling (EC Reg. No. 1169/2011) and product geographical indication/origin (EC Reg. No. 510/2006), therefore protecting consumers and brands. The origin of a coffee bean can be determined using their hydrogen and oxygen isotope fingerprints. Highlights: Hydrogenand oxygen isotope fingerprints can help determine the origin of coffee beans, allowing the label claim to be verified.
Evaluation of a toxoid fusion protein vaccine produced in plants to protect poultry against necrotic enteritis
Authors: Hunter Joseph G , Wilde Shyra , Tafoya Amanda M , Horsman Jamie , Yousif Miranda , Diamos Andrew G , Roland Kenneth L , Mason Hugh S
Published: November 2018

Background. Necrotic enteritis (NE) is caused by type A strains of the bacterium Clostridium perfringens. Total global economic losses to the poultry industry due to NE is estimated to be over 2 billion dollars annually. Traditionally, NE has been effectively controlled by inclusion of antibiotics in the diet of poultry. However, recent concerns regarding the impact of this practice on increasing antibiotic resistance in human pathogens have led us to consider alternative approaches, such as vaccination, for controlling this disease. NE strains of C. perfringensproduce two major toxins, a-toxin and NetB. Immune responses against either toxin can provide partial protection against NE.

Methods. We have developed a fusion protein combining a non-toxic carboxyl-terminal domain of a-toxin (PlcC) and an attenuated, mutant form of NetB (NetB-W262A) for use as a vaccine antigen to immunize poultry against NE. We utilized a DNA sequence that was codon-optimized for Nicotiana benthamianato enable high levels of expression. The 6-His tagged PlcC-NetB fusion protein was synthesized in N. benthamianausing a geminiviral replicon transient expression system, purified by metal affinity chromatography, and used to immunize broiler birds.

Results. Immunized birds produced a strong serum IgY response against both the plant produced PlcC-NetB protein and against bacterially produced His-PlcC and His-NetB. Immunized birds were significantly protected against a subsequent in-feed challenge with virulent C. perfringenswhen treated with the fusion protein. These results indicate that a plant-produced PlcC-NetB toxoid is a promising vaccine candidate for controlling NE in poultry.
Spatiotemporally controlled genetic perturbation for efficient large-scale studies of cell non-autonomous effects
Authors: Chai Andrea , Mateus Ana M , Oozeer Fazal , Sousa-Nunes Rita
Published: November 2018

Studies in genetic model organisms have revealed much about the development and pathology of complex tissues. Most have focused on cell-intrinsic gene functions and mechanisms. Much less is known about how transformed, or otherwise functionally disrupted, cells interact with healthy ones toward a favorable or pathological outcome. This is largely due to technical limitations. We developed new genetic tools in Drosophila melanogaster that permit efficient multiplexed gain- and loss-of-function genetic perturbations with separable spatial and temporal control. Importantly, our novel tool-set is independent of the commonly used GAL4/UAS system, freeing the latter for additional, non-autonomous, genetic manipulations; and is built into a single strain, allowing one-generation interrogation of non-autonomous effects. Altogether, our design opens up efficient genome-wide screens on any deleterious phenotype, once plasmid or genome engineering is used to place the desired miRNA(s) or ORF(s) into our genotype. Specifically, we developed tools to study extrinsic effects on neural tumor growth but the strategy presented has endless applications within and beyond neurobiology, and in other model organisms.
Synthesis of Indicators
Authors: Maggino Filomena
Published: November 2018

Indicators developed through the hierarchical design form a complex system. This characteristic may require approaches allowing more concise views to be able to summarize the complexity (synthesis). Synthesis concerns different aspects of the system:

synthesis of units (cases, subjects, etc.) with reference to one indicator, which aims at aggregating the individuals' value observed at microlevel; this synthesis should allow the created macro units to be compared (social groups, age groups, geographic areas, and time frame), with reference to the indicators of interest;

synthesis of basic indicators, which aims at aggregating the values referring to several indicators for each unit, micro (individual level) or macro (regional, national, and group level). The synthesis may be represented by numerical values or graphical representations.
Adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control for multiple nonholonomic UAV system with uncertainties and quantized input
Authors: Hu Jinglin , Sun Xiuxia , Liu Shuguang , He Lei
Published: November 2018

An adaptive finite‐time formation tracking control approach is proposed for multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system with quantized input signals in this paper. The UAVs are described by nonholonomic kinematic model and autopilot model with uncertainties. An enhanced hysteretic quantizer is introduced to avoid chattering, and some restrictions are released by using a new quantization decomposition method. Based on backstepping technique and finite‐time Lyapunov stability theory, the adaptive finite‐time controller is designed for the trajectory tracking of the multi‐UAV formation. The nonholonomic constraints are solved by a transverse function. A transformation is introduced to the control input signals to eliminate the quantization effect. Stability analysis proves that the tracking errors can converge to a small neighborhood of the origin within finite time and all the closed‐loop signals are semiglobally finite‐time bounded. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is validated by simulation and experiment.
Electrospun Fibrous Architectures for Drug Delivery, Tissue Engineering and Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ding Yaping , Li Wei , Zhang Feng , Liu Zehua , Zanjanizadeh Ezazi Nazanin , Liu Dongfei , Santos Hélder A.
Published: November 2018

The versatile electrospinning technique is recognized as an efficient strategy to deliver active pharmaceutical ingredients and has gained tremendous progress in drug delivery, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, and disease diagnosis. Numerous drug delivery systems fabricated through electrospinning regarding the carrier compositions, drug incorporation techniques, release kinetics, and the subsequent therapeutic efficacy are presented herein. Targeting for distinct applications, the composition of drug carriers vary from natural/synthetic polymers/blends, inorganic materials, and even hybrids. Various drug incorporation approaches through electrospinning are thoroughly discussed with respect to the principles, benefits, and limitations. To meet the various requirements in actual sophisticated in vivo environments and to overcome the limitations of a single carrier system, feasible combinations of multiple drug‐inclusion processes via electrospinning could be employed to achieve programmed, multi‐staged, or stimuli‐triggered release of multiple drugs. The therapeutic efficacy of the designed electrospun drug‐eluting systems is further verified in multiple biomedical applications and is comprehensively overviewed, demonstrating promising potential to address a variety of clinical challenges.
Molecularly‐Engineered, 4D‐Printed Liquid Crystal Elastomer Actuators
Authors: Saed Mohand O. , Ambulo Cedric P. , Kim Hyun , De Rohit , Raval Vyom , Searles Kyle , Siddiqui Danyal A. , Cue John Michael O. , Stefan Mihaela C. , Shankar M. Ravi , Ware Taylor H.
Published: November 2018

Three‐dimensional structures that undergo reversible shape changes in response to mild stimuli enable a wide range of smart devices, such as soft robots or implantable medical devices. Herein, a dual thiol‐ene reaction scheme is used to synthesize a class of liquid crystal (LC) elastomers that can be 3D printed into complex shapes and subsequently undergo controlled shape change. Through controlling the phase transition temperature of polymerizable LC inks, morphing 3D structures with tunable actuation temperature (28 ± 2 to 105 ± 1 °C) are fabricated. Finally, multiple LC inks are 3D printed into single structures to allow for the production of untethered, thermo‐responsive structures that sequentially and reversibly undergo multiple shape changes.
Multimodal Cancer Theranosis Using Hyaluronate‐Conjugated Molybdenum Disulfide
Authors: Shin Myeong‐Hwan , Park Eun‐Yeong , Han Seulgi , Jung Ho Sang , Keum Do Hee , Lee Geon‐Hui , Kim Taeyeon , Kim Chulhong , Kim Ki Su , Yun Seok Hyun , Hahn Sei Kwang
Published: November 2018

Among various 2D nanomaterials, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) exhibits unique visible photoluminescence with high absorption at the near‐infrared (NIR) range. Despite these optical properties, the efforts to use MoS2 nanomaterials for optical imaging and photothermal therapy are hampered by their instability and low intracellular delivery efficiency. Multifunctional MoS2 conjugated with hyaluronate (HA) for cancer theranosis is reported herein. HA facilitates the delivery of MoS2 to tumor cells by the HA‐receptor mediated endocytosis. In BALB/c nude mice inoculated with a colorectal cancer cell line of HCT116, HA‐MoS2 conjugates appear to be accumulated in the primary tumor at a content more than that in the liver and kidney. The disulfide bonding between MoS2 and thiolated HA seems to degrade in the cytoplasm, releasing MoS2 sheets in stacks and enhancing luminescence efficiency. The HA‐MoS2 conjugates are readily detected via photoacoustic imaging as well as upconversion and downconversion fluorescence imaging. With NIR light illumination, HA‐MoS2 conjugates enable highly effective photothermal tumor ablation. All these results confirm the promising potential of HA‐MoS2 conjugates for cancer theranosis.
Nonlithium Metal–Sulfur Batteries: Steps Toward a Leap
Authors: Hong Xiaodong , Mei Jun , Wen Lei , Tong Yueyu , Vasileff Anthony J. , Wang Liqun , Liang Ji , Sun Ziqi , Dou Shi Xue
Published: November 2018

Present mobile devices, transportation tools, and renewable energy technologies are more dependent on newly developed battery chemistries than ever before. Intrinsic properties, such as safety, high energy density, and cheapness, are the main objectives of rechargeable batteries that have driven their overall technological progress over the past several decades. Unfortunately, it is extremely hard to achieve all these merits simultaneously at present. Alternatively, exploration of the most suitable batteries to meet the specific requirements of an individual application tends to be a more reasonable and easier choice now and in the near future. Based on this concept, here, a range of promising alternatives to lithium–sulfur batteries that are constructed with non‐Li metal anodes (e.g., Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Al) and sulfur cathodes are discussed. The systems governed by these new chemistries offer high versatility in meeting the specific requirements of various applications, which is directly linked with the broad choice in battery chemistries, materials, and systems. Herein, the operating principles, materials, and remaining issues for each targeted battery characteristics are comprehensively reviewed. By doing so, it is hoped that their design strategies are illustrated and light is shed on the future exploration of new metal–sulfur batteries and advanced materials.
Pristine or Highly Defective? Understanding the Role of Graphene Structure for Stable Lithium Metal Plating
Authors: Liu Wei , Xia Yuting , Wang Wenwu , Wang Yizhe , Jin Jialun , Chen Yungui , Paek Eunsu , Mitlin David
Published: November 2018

The role of graphene host structure/chemistry in plating–stripping in lithium metal anodes employed for lithium metal batteries is first examined in this study. Structural and chemical defects are bad, since highly defective graphene promotes unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth. This consumes the fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive in the carbonate electrolyte and is correlated with rapid decay in Coulombic efficiency (CE) and formation of filament‐like Li dendrites. A unique flow‐aided sonication exfoliation method is employed to synthesize “defect‐free” graphene (df‐G), allowing for a direct performance comparison with conventional reduced graphene oxide (r‐GO). At cycle 1, the r‐GO is better electrochemically wetted by Li than df‐G, indicating that initially it is more lithiophilic. With cycling, the nucleation overpotential with r‐GO becomes higher than with df‐G, indicating less facile plating reactions. The df‐G yields state‐of‐the‐art electrochemical performance, with the post cycled metal surface being relatively smooth and dendrite‐free. Conversely, r‐GO templates have CE rapidly degrade from the onset, with extensive dendrites after cycling. Severe SEI growth and associated FEC depletion with r‐GO are further confirmed by electrochemical impedance analysis and surface science methods. A new design rule is provided for Li metal templates: An ideal host must be noncatalytic toward SEI formation.
Unprecedented Synthesis of Holey 2D Layered Double Hydroxide Nanomesh for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Qin Mingli , Li Shumei , Zhao Yongzhi , Lao Cheng‐Yen , Zhang Zili , Liu Luan , Fang Fei , Wu Haoyang , Jia Baorui , Liu Zhiwei , Wang Wei (Alex) , Liu Ye , Qu Xuanhui
Published: November 2018

Creating nanosized pores in 2D materials can increase the edge sites, improve the mass transfer, and contribute to different physical properties, which shows potential applications in many fields including filtration membranes, electronics and energy storage devices, and catalysts. An iconic member of this type of material is porous graphene. Herein, a unique 2D layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanomesh is designed and synthesized as a new class of 2D holey materials. It represents the first case of exfoliation method for preparing 2D holey materials among all published reports. As an oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst, the 2D CoCo‐LDH nanomesh has apparently lower onset overpotential (220 mV) than that of compact nanosheets without holes (270 mV) owing to the pores through the plane that offer more highly active edge sites with lower coordination number and promote the mass diffusion. This work opens up a new avenue for designing 2D porous materials for energy conversion and storage.
Decolonizing “Community” in Community Psychology
Authors: Dutta Urmitapa
Published: November 2018

This article endeavors to craft pathways that disrupt dominant modes of knowledge production and imagine nonhierarchical epistemic possibilities in teaching community psychology. The first section of the article discusses how the decolonial turn inspires new ways of advancing the critical social justice agenda of community psychology. Drawing upon decolonial frameworks and allied critical theories, I outline how coloniality is entrenched in the ways we theorize, research, and teach about “communities”—and the importance of decolonizing the construct of community in community psychology. The second section presents three vignettes capturing student responses to endeavors in the classroom to dismantle notions of community‐as‐Other. I interpret these vignettes through a decolonial perspective in order to highlight how colonial discourses of community can be produced and potentially maintained in the classroom context. The third section outlines some pedagogical and curricular recommendations as a possible pathway toward decolonizing notions of community. I conclude with some questions/provocations geared toward advancing decolonial and liberatory praxis in community psychology.
Participatory and Action Research Within and Beyond the Academy: Contesting Racism through Decolonial Praxis and Teaching “Against the Grain”
Authors: Lykes M. Brinton , Lloyd Courtnye R. , Nicholson Karla M.
Published: November 2018

This article focuses on some of the epistemological and activist challenges at the center of a participatory and action research teaching‐learning process developed through a student‐initiated graduate seminar at Boston College, a university in the global North. The course includes participation of students and instructors in a 2.5‐day Undoing Racism™ workshop facilitated by the People's Institute for Survival and Beyond (PISAB), a New Orleans based non‐profit. Authors, who include a university‐based co‐instructor and student and a Collaborative Community Fellow, describe the decolonial, antiracist pedagogy performed in a coteaching‐colearning process “against the grain.” We report participants’ feedback on how this teaching‐learning experience facilitated their understanding of critical reflexivity and its multiple contributions towards designing PAR processes with communities that elicit and value local knowledge toward collaborative activism. We summarize our experiences and challenges in developing decolonial pedagogy within a predominantly White, elite university, and how the course generates a space through which those who have walked this walk together are able to initiate diverse processes that facilitate community‐collaborative knowledge generation and actions toward redressing injustice and inequity through undoing racism.
Durch blaues Licht induzierte Carbentransferreaktionen von Diazoalkanen
Authors: Hommelsheim Renè , Guo Yujing , Yang Zhen , Empel Claire , Koenigs Rene M.
Published: November 2018

Carbene sind wichtige reaktive Intermediate, die den Zugang zu einer Vielzahl von komplexen Molekülen ermöglichen und eine große Anwendung in der organischen Chemie und der Wirkstoffforschung besitzen. In der Regel wird diese Chemie durch die Verwendung von Übergangsmetallkatalysatoren ermöglicht. Im Folgenden beschreiben wir die Anwendung von niederenergetischem Licht zur photochemischen Erzeugung von Carbenen ausgehend von Donor‐Akzeptor‐Diazoalkanen. Dieser katalysatorfreie und präparativ einfache Ansatz ermöglicht hoch effiziente Cyclopropenierungsreaktionen von Alkinen und Umlagerungsreaktionen von Sulfiden unter milden Reaktionsbedingungen in einem diskontinuierlichen oder kontinuierlichen Prozess.
A Synthetic Polyester from Plant Oil Feedstock by Functionalizing Polymerization
Authors: Liu Ye , Mecking Stefan
Published: November 2018

Catalytic functionalization/polymerization of castor oil‐derived undecenol yields an aliphatic polyester in a single step under mild conditions. The key to selective formation of linear high melting polyester is highly active carbonylation catalysts that at the same time do not undergo strong isomerization.