bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choreographic Work: Issues of Copyright Protection
Authors: Kirsanova Kseniya
Published: March 2016

The article deals with the choreographic work as an object of copyright. The author analyses the notion of choreographic work, proposes the definition of choreographic work. Then the author makes the analysis of two categories: the part and the element of choreographic work, which is resulted in the conclusion, that the common understanding of these definitions in not applicable for the choreographic works. The author also finds inappropriate collective management of rights in the choreographic art. Using selected elements and parts of the choreographic works the author proposes the classification of choreographic works, which has legal value. Dance styles are considered in terms of their eligibility for copyright protection. It is proposed to extend to them copyright protection in a truncated form — by laying down the right of authorship. Finely, the author makes an attempt to formulate criteria for distinguishing choreographic works from the performance of choreographic work.
Legislation on Insurance Benefits: Current Status and Trends in Further Development
Authors: Zakharov Mikhail
Published: March 2016

A comparative study of the state of providing insured for various types of social benefits, including an injury at work is made. It is noted that the basic, most important insurance benefits are granted and paid in the present time, in accordance with two federal laws: of July, 24 1998 No. 125-FZ “On compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases” and of December, 29 2006 No. 255-FZ “On compulsory social insurance against temporary disability and maternity”. It was found that in recent years the rules for calculation of earnings, on the basis of which they are determined was unreasonably changed. The purpose of these changes is to reduce the level of benefits paid and the corresponding increase in the profits of the business community. Proposals for immediate restoration of previously existing rights of the insured and the old concept of injury in the workplace, in accordance with international standards are prepared.
Refusal to Recognize the Labor Relations: Some of the Shortcomings in the Structure of a Legal Fiction
Authors: Zaytseva Larisa , Kursova Oksana
Published: March 2016

The fallacy in using the legal fiction in the construction of Article 67.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is substantiated in the following article. Since the year 2014 the employer has been given a right not to accept employment relationships with persons actually admitted to work but not authorized by the representative of the employer. The new rule does not take into account the nature of the legal fiction and its basic functions. Legal fictions in the labor law should be used in order to create the legal conditions for optimal coordination of interests between the parties involved in labor relations, the interests of the state, to protect rights and interests of workers and employers. Application of the legal fiction in the Article 67 of the Labor Code is assessed to be justified, allowing to harmonize labor relations. The Article 67.1 of the Labor Code makes an exception to the general rule of the Article 67 by applying the same technique — using a legal fiction. In addition to the failure of this approach, new rules are contrary to the principles of labor law and enforcement practices, as well as create new legal uncertainties without providing adequate mechanisms for implementation. The paper points out the problems which arise in connection with the new norm of Article 67.1 of the Labor Code solutions required to overcome them and improve labor law on these issues are formulated in this article.
Modus of Judge as a Scientific Category
Authors: Ermoshin Grigoriy
Published: March 2016

The article considers the substance of the constitutional-legal status of judges as a scientific category. View of the constitutional-legal status of judges as a set of four modes of judges (professional, business, corporate and modus citizen, a limited constitutional rights legislation on the status of judges in the light of their functional interactions and relationships is presented. The author provides definitions of professional modus of judges as persons, which is a carrier of the judiciary; official modus of judges as persons passing the civil service at the state the position of the Russian Federation (state positions of the Russian Federation subject); corporate modus of judge as a member of the judicial community that defines its special position in the public service, who is simultaneously in the system of state power and over it; the modus of citizen with special civil status of persons restricted in their civil rights and livelihoods of the law on the status of judges, which occupies a separate position in society.
Diaspora, postmemory and the transcultural turn in contemporary Jewish writing
Authors: Ortner Jessica
Published: March 2016

Since ancient times, diaspora has been intrinsically connected to Judaism. Whereas modernization and emancipation at the end of the nineteenth century had promised to end the principal rootlessness of Europe’s Jewish population, the rise of Nazism once again set them back into
a diasporic and extraterritorial state. According to Marianne Hirsch, descendants of exiled Holocaust survivors unwillingly inherit their parents’ continued dislocation. As the homeland of their ancestors has ‘ceased to exist’, they are destined to remain forever exiled from
the ‘space of identity’, even if they choose to return to the former homeland of their parents. According to Hirsch, the expression of this ongoing diaspora gives rise to a special narrative genre that is governed by photographic aesthetics. The authors’ imaginative completion
of their parents’ experiences in the work of postmemory imitates the capacity of photography to simultaneously make present and ‘signal absence and loss’. This article will differentiate Hirsch’s approach to artistic representations of diaspora in the aftermath of the
Holocaust. By outlining different conceptualizations of diaspora, I will show that in addition to the aesthetics of photography the postmemory of homelessness can also be expressed by means of nostalgic aesthetics and transcultural aesthetics. The article exemplifies all three of these types
of aesthetics by investigating works by the contemporary Jewish writers David Mendelsohn, Anna Mitgutsch and Barbara Honigmann. Whereas Hirsch’s photographic aesthetics represents the melancholic insight that a return to the place of origin is impossible, nostalgic aesthetics gives in
to the very desire for a ‘final return’ (Hall 1990). Both the nostalgic and the photographic aesthetics intrinsically connect identity to a distinct location and cultural belonging, which the writers attempt to restore through the work of postmemory. Transcultural aesthetics, on
the other hand, expresses the interconnection of different places and cultures that arises from living in diaspora. This article concentrates on the transcultural aesthetics exemplified in the autofictional writings of Barbara Honigmann. By voluntarily going into exile, Honigmann refrains
from staying attached to a distinct space and from the attempt to assemble her fragmentary knowledge about her parents’ past with regard to an imaginary homeland.
Getting inside the migrants’ world(s): Biographical interview as a tool for (re)searching transcultural memory
Authors: Goncharova Galina Nikolaevna
Published: March 2016

Much of the recent research attempts to promote and define the notion of transcultural memory tend to focus on ‘the forms of remembering across nations and cultures’ and on the ‘negotiation of colonialism, decolonization, migration, cultural globalization and cosmopolitanism
in literature and other media’. Taking these attempts as a point of departure, this article aims at discussing the narrative biographical interview as an instrument for exploring the complex dynamics and dis(utopian) content of memory on the move, which remains without publicity or representation
in art and the media. The claims for ‘history from below’ and for ‘getting into the actor’s world’, emblematic for oral history and biographical studies, are applied to migrants’ biographical narratives to show how the ‘traumatic disruption of life’s
continuities’ triggers reflection and social criticism from below on the collectively sanctioned modes of remembering of different cultures/cultural pasts. The article also reveals the emancipatory potential of the biographical interview for developing the culture of mobility of middle-
and low-socialstatus people, which is based on shared memories of ‘surviving’ in a variety of (hostile) environments.
Keberlanjutan Transportasi di Kota Surabaya Melalui Pengembangan Kawasan Berbasis TOD (Transit Oriented Development)
Authors: Handayani Ketut Dewi Martha Erli , Ariastita Putu Gde
Published: March 2016

Development plan of monorail and tramway in Surabaya City aimed to encourage the movement based transit. TOD (Transit Oriented Development) is model for integration of transportation and land use in order to encourage the transit ridership. The result of study in worldwide show the success of TOD application in increasing the usage of transit mode by developing policies on land uses around station/terminal. Therefore, it needs to adopt TOD in transit area of Surabaya City to achieve the sustainable transportation. This study conclude criteria of TOD that can be applied in transit area of Surabaya City are mixed land uses, high intensity of activities around station/terminal, integrated design of circulation and road network, and pedestrians/cyclists friendly design.Development plan of monorail and tramway in Surabaya City aimed to encourage the movement based transit. TOD (Transit Oriented Development) is model for integration of transportation and land use in order to encourage the transit ridership. The result of study in worldwide show the success of TOD application in increasing the usage of transit mode by developing policies on land uses around station/terminal. Therefore, it needs to adopt TOD in transit area of Surabaya City to achieve the sustainable transportation. This study conclude criteria of TOD that can be applied in transit area of Surabaya City are mixed land uses, high intensity of activities around station/terminal, integrated design of circulation and road network, and pedestrians/cyclists friendly design.
ANALISIS POTENSI DAN KESENJANGAN WILAYAH KABUPATEN SUKABUMI, PROPINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Faruqi Izzan , Hadi Setia , Sahara S
Published: March 2016

Regional development is synonymous with growth. Growth can also be positive, but if it is not built in a comprehensive manner would cause a negative impact on the other side. Sukabumi district is rich in various potential including the potential for agriculture, plantation, forestry, marine, geothermal energy and mines. However, Sukabumi District is one district that is still classified as disadvantaged areas in West Java. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of the area in Sukabumi and analyzing the potential of the region as well as the development gap between regions in Sukabumi. The results showed the development of the district is based can be regarded as a relatively underdeveloped area. There is a gap of regional development in Sukabumi. Sukabumi district has several potential sectors including the industrial sector in particular, non-oil processing industry. In the industrial sector in particular, non-oil processing industry can be a dominant sector as it can contribute to and have strong linkages with other sectors that can influence other sectors.
Interstitial cells of Cajal and telocytes in the gut: twins, related or simply neighbor cells?
Authors: Vannucchi Maria Giuliana , Traini Chiara
Published: March 2016

In the interstitium of the connective tissue several types of cells occur. The fibroblasts, responsible for matrix formation, the mast cells, involved in local response to inflammatory stimuli, resident macrophages, plasma cells, lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes, all engaged in immunity responses. Recently, another type of interstitial cell, found in all organs so far examined, has been added to the previous ones, the telocytes (TC). In the gut, in addition to the cells listed above, there are also the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), a peculiar type of cell exclusively detected in the alimentary tract with multiple functions including pace-maker activity. The possibility that TC and ICC could correspond to a unique cell type, where the former would represent an ICC variant outside the gut, was initially considered, however, further studies have clearly shown that ICC and TC are two distinct types of cells. In the gut, while the features and the roles of the ICC are established, part of the scientific community is still disputing these ‘new’ interstitial cells to which several names such as fibroblast-like cells (FLCs), interstitial Cajal-like cells or, most recently, PDGFRα+cells have been attributed. This review will detail the main features and roles of the TC and ICC with the aim to establish their relationships and hopefully define the identity of the TC in the gut.
Microwave assisted adsorption based elution: a benign green process optimized by Box-Behnken modeling yields pure vasicine from Adhatoda vasica
Authors: Subramaniam Shankar , Sivasubramanian Aravind
Published: March 2016

Development of economical and rapid high yielding industrial processes for isolation of commercially important plant molecules have been in current industrial vogue. Adhatoda
vasica, a functional dietary supplemental plant, is found to harbor vasicine, a commercially important and physiologically active alkaloid. Attempts were made to increase the yields of vasicine by a viable “green” process – microwave assisted adsorption based elution (MAABE) with silica gel. Microwave (300 W) assisted extraction was done with 6% HCl/water (solid loading – 10%), which in 4 h yielded vasicine (8.8 mg/g of leaves, 0.88%). A Box-Behnken designed response surface methodology (RSM) optimized the extraction parameters to 9.31% solid loading, 6.64% HCl/water and 4.1 h, respectively. Further, adsorption based elution using silica gel and desorption with 70% ethanol/water yielded pure vasicine (1.12%) (recovery=93%, purity=95%). The adsorption isotherms studied to understand the adsorption mechanism suggested that the process followed the Langmuir theory. MAABE required less time and labor, in addition to its relative safety and as a “green” alternative process, to give high yields of commercially important vasicine.
Chiral oxazoline ligands with two different six-membered azaheteroaromatic rings – synthesis and application in the Cu-catalyzed nitroaldol reaction
Authors: Wolińska Ewa
Published: March 2016

Synthesis and catalytic activity of chiral ligands 5,6-diphenyl-3-{3-[(4S/R)-4-R/Ar-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]pyridin-2-yl}amino-1,2,4-triazines 2 and their analogs 3 possessing an N-oxide function in the pyridine ring are described. The pivotal step in the synthesis of ligands 2 is the Buchwald-Hartwig Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between 3-bromo-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (7a) and enantiopure 3-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-amines 6a–d. Aromatic nucleophilic substitution of chlorine in 3-chloro-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (7b) with 3-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine 1-oxides 12 was investigated as the key reaction in the synthesis of ligands 3. Two undesired derivatives 13 or 14, resulting from unexpected reactions of 3, were isolated depending on reaction conditions. Compounds 2 and 3 as well as the side products 13 and 14 were screened as chiral ligands in the copper catalyzed enatioselective nitroaldol reaction.
Effect of epicuticular waxes from triticale on the feeding behaviour and mortality of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Wójcicka Agnieszka
Published: March 2016

Surface waxes from wax-covered triticale plants (RAH 122) were sprayed on plants of the waxless genotype RAH 366 or the surface waxes were used to make artificial diet preparations. The results were significant increases in the mortality of apterous adults of the grain aphid Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) at all concentrations tested in comparison with those aphids which fed on the control plants or aphids which were reared on the diets. In the choice tests, most aphids settled on plants without surface waxes or on diet preparations which did not have surface waxes (the controls). When the concentration of the surface waxes was increased on one of the plants or surface waxes were increased in the diet preparation, the number of wandering aphids increased. Those aphids which did not wander were mainly on the waxless control plants or on the waxless diet preparations. Aphids did settle on those plants or on the diet preparations which had 100 and 1,000 μg · g-1of surface wax. The aphids rarely settled on the diet preparations containing 10,000 μg ∙ g-1of surface waxes. From these observations it appears that surface waxes can act as a feeding deterrent. Since aphids on plants with surface waxes, or aphids which settled on diet preparations with surface waxes, started to die earlier than aphids fed only the control plants or the control diet preparations, it is possible that the surface waxes had a toxic effect that led to early mortality. Thus, it can be said that the surface waxes caused feeding deterrence and had a toxic effect on the aphids.
Fluid construction grammar as a biological system
Authors: Steels Luc , Szathmáry Eörs
Published: March 2016

Mapping insights and frameworks from one scientific domain to another is often useful because it encourages communication between different scientific fields and acts as a conduit for the exchange of mathematical and computational tools. This paper introduces analogies between concepts and mechanisms from molecular biology and language processing. The main purpose is to find ways for understanding language as a ‘living’, dynamically evolving, self-organizing system. The analogies have been the main source of inspiration for a computational implementation of construction grammar, called Fluid Construction Grammar (FCG). The paper describes briefly the biological analogies underlying FCG and discusses the opportunities for further research that these analogies open up.
Pudendal Nerve Block in Male Goats: Comparison of Ischiorectal Fossa and Ischial Arch Approaches Using Low Volume 1% Lignocaine Hydrochloride
Authors: Fazili Mujeebur Rehman , Handoo Nida , Mir Mohd Younus , Qureshi Beenish
Published: March 2016

Thirty (30) adult male goats were injected xylazine (0.05 mg/kg, IM) and randomly divided into three equal groups. Internal pudendal nerve block was tried using 3.5 ml (on each side) of 1% lignocaine hydrochloride byischiorectal fossa or ischial arch approaches in goats from Group 1 and Group 2 respectively, 15 minutes after giving xylazine. Inadvertent puncture of the rectal wall and prick to the finger placed in the rectum was experienced once in Group 1 animal. None of the animals showed protrusion of the penis without manual manipulation. Prolapse of the prepucial ring was noticed in three animals from Group 1 and two each from Group 2 and 3. The application of mild manual push percutaneously resulted in the exposure of the penis in eight and six animals belonging to Group 1 and Group 2 respectively, 15 minutes after injection of the local anaesthetic. Statistically significant (P>0.05) difference between Group 1 and 2 values was detected only once at 90 minutes following injection of the local anaesthetic. The block lasted longer in animals of Group 1. The exposed organ was flaccid and insensitive. The organ retracted into the prepucial cover within five minutes of its release in all the animals. The penile exposure could not be achieved by similar manipulation in any of the Group 3 animals. From this study it was concluded that the ischiorectal fossa approach is cumbersome and may lead to inadvertent punctures, but the block develops in more number of animals for a longer period than with the ischial arch approach. The outcome of the two techniques did not show statistically significant (P>0.05) difference for most of the assessment period. Reducing the concentration of lignocaine hydrochloride may reduce the chances of continued relaxation of the penis beyond the required period and also the drug toxicity. However, studies using larger volume of 1% lignocaine hydrochloride may be undertaken for short term exposure of the penis without manual manipulation.
Morphology and mitochondrial gene divergence in Hipposideros armiger armiger occurs only in China
Authors: Bu Yanzhen , He Xinping , Zhou Huixian , Zhou Hongwei , Zhang Zongxiao , Zhang Chan , Niu Hongxing
Published: March 2016

In China, the status of Hipposideros armiger subspecies remains controversial. To elucidate the H. armiger taxonomy, we conducted a series of surveys of bats in different areas of China between 2011 and 2014. Bats were characterized by 16 external measurements, 25 skull measurements and the sequence analysis of two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome-b and D-loop). Our research indicated that the external and cranial measurements were similar in the samples from the six geographic regions. No obvious differences were detected in H. armiger morphology. Additionally, no significant cytochrome-b sequence divergence existed between the samples within a region (0–0.9%) and among the six regions (0–1.8%). The results obtained for the D-loop were similar, with 0–3.4% divergence within a region and 0–4.5% among the six regions. Moreover, no significant geographic differentiation was observed in the phylogenetic trees. Based on these morphological and molecular results, H. armiger is represented in China by only one subspecies, H. a. armiger.
Generalized Morphology using Sponges
Authors: van de Gronde Jasper J. , Roerdink Jos B. T. M.
Published: March 2016

Mathematical morphology has traditionally been grounded in lattice theory. For non-scalar data
lattices often prove too restrictive, however. In this paper we present a more general alternative, sponges,
that still allows useful definitions of various properties and concepts from morphological theory. It turns
out that some of the existing work on “pseudo-morphology” for non-scalar data can in fact be considered
“proper” mathematical morphology in this new framework, while other work cannot, and that this correlates
with how useful/intuitive some of the resulting operators are.
N-ary Mathematical Morphology
Authors: Chevallier Emmanuel , Chevallier Augustin , Angulo Jesús
Published: March 2016

Mathematical morphology on binary images can be fully described by set theory. However, it is not
sufficient to formulate mathematical morphology for grey scale images. This type of images requires the introduction
of the notion of partial order of grey levels, together with the definition of sup and inf operators.
More generally, mathematical morphology is now described within the context of the lattice theory. For a few
decades, attempts are made to use mathematical morphology on multivariate images, such as color images,
mainly based on the notion of vector order. However, none of these attempts has given fully satisfying results.
Instead of aiming directly at the multivariate case we propose first an extension of binary mathematical morphology
to an intermediary situation: images composed of a finite number of independent unordered labels.
We propose then an second extension to a continuous case.
Agricultural land cover changes in metropolitan areas of Poland for the period 1990–2012
Authors: Nalej Marta
Published: March 2016

Agricultural land covers more than half the area of metropolitan areas in Poland, and is therefore particularly prone to the influences of the processes associated with their development. The aim of the study was to analyse changes in agricultural land cover within the metropolitan areas of Poland for the years 1990–2012; and to capture their dynamics, types and directions. The percentage share of the total study area, for each of the forms of agricultural land cover and their changes were traced, with the spatial distribution of the changes also being determined. The results of the study show that in metropolitan areas, agricultural land cover is undergoing transformations that do not result in the loss of agricultural lands, or that involve a decrease in surface area due to their change into anthropogenic forms of land cover. The greatest transitions occurred between 2000 and 2006 and were observed in the outer zones of metropolitan areas.
Powers, Double Prevention and Mental Causation
Authors: Davies Kim
Published: March 2016

S. C. Gibb holds that some mental events enable physical events to take place by acting as ‘double preventers’ which prevent other mental events from effecting change in the physical domain. She argues that this enables a dualist account of psychophysical interaction consistent with the causal relevance of mental events, their distinctness from physical events, the causal closure of the physical and the exclusion of systematic overdetermination. While accepting the causal powers metaphysic, this paper argues that: Closure is maintained only on the assumption of an implausible pre-ordained harmony between preventing and double-preventing mental events. Distinctness is preserved only at the cost of positing brute unexplained powers of mental and physical events to causally interact with each other. Exclusion is systematically violated in a substantial number of everyday cases. The case for Relevance made by the Double Prevention model is accordingly too weak to sustain a dualist approach to mental causation.
Three-dimensional graphene-TiO2 hybrid nanomaterial for high efficient photocatalysis
Authors: Park Jaehyeung , Yan Mingdi
Published: March 2016

Graphene-titanium dioxide (TiO
Synthesis of structural analogues of GGT1-DU40, a potent GGTase-1 inhibitor
Authors: Mansha Muhammad , Ullah Nisar , Alhooshani Khalid
Published: March 2016

A series of new substituted pyrazoles 2–12 have been synthesized. The synthesized compounds are structural analogues of GGT1-DU40 1, a highly potent and selective inhibitor of protein geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase-I) both in vitro and in vivo. The implications of GGTase-I in oncogenesis have highlighted its potential as a cancer therapeutic target. Accordingly, the development of GGTase-I inhibitors has been a subject of much interest. The synthesis of 2–12 stemmed from the acetylation or acylation of N-function of amino acids to produce suitably modified amino acids. Meanwhile, the substituted pyrazole subunit originated from the reaction of ethyl nicotinate with γ-butyrolactone followed by condensation of the resultant β-keto lactone with (3,4-dichlorophenyl)hydrazine. The operations of O-alkylation and thioetherification on the resultant intermediate eventually produced the substituted pyrazole fragment. The amidation of the latter with amino acid derivatives finally rendered 2–12 in good to excellent yields.
Multicomponent Phases with CeAl2Ga2- and Y0.5Co3Ge3-Type Structures in the Gd–Ca–Fe–Co–Ge System
Authors: Gvozdetskyi V. Ya. , Gladyshevskii R. E. , German N. V.
Published: March 2016

New quinary phases with the CeAl2Ga2 (tI10, I4/mmm) and Y0.5Co3Ge3 (hP8-2, P6/mmm) structure types were found at 500 ºC in the Gd–Ca–Fe–Co–Ge system based on X-ray powder diffraction data. They are Gd1‑xCaxFe2‑yCoyGe2 (x = 0.085(7)-0.551(6), y = 0.25-0.75, a = 3.99468(6)-4.00003(8), c = 10.1279(2)-10.3981(5) Å) and Ca0.5‑xGdxFe3‑yCoyGe3 (x = 0.031(1)-0.314(8), y = 0.75-2.25, a = 5.1081(1)-5.1218(1), c = 3.9751(1)-4.0451(2) Å). The c-parameter of the tetragonal CeAl2Ga2-type (122) phase cell depends much more on the Fe/Co and Gd/Ca ratios, than the a-parameter (which remains nearly the same). The volume of the 122 cell increases with increasing Fe and Ca content. The c-parameter of the hexagonal cell of the Y0.5Co3Ge3-type (0.533) phase also depends more strongly on the Fe/Co content than the a-parameter, but Gd/Ca substitutions have little effect on the cell parameters. The following new quaternary and ternary phases were also discovered: GdFe2‑yCoyGe2 (y = 0.5-1.5, a = 3.99419(5)-3.99750(7), c = 10.3271(2)-10.1173(3) Å) with CeAl2Ga2-type structure and Gd0.5Fe3‑yCoyGe3 (y = 0.75-1.5, a = 5.1247(8)-5.1225(7), c = 4.052(1)-4.010(1) Å), Ca0.5Fe3‑yCoyGe3 (y = 0.75-2.25, a = 5.1153(2)-5.1066(2), c = 4.0451(2)-3.9839(3) Å), Ca0.5Fe3Ge3 (a = 5.10167(9), c = 4.06565(7) Å), and Ca0.5Co3Ge3 (a = 5.0899(2), c = 3.9199(1) Å) with Y0.5Co3Ge3-type structure.
Non-Stationary Temperature Distribution and Thermoelectromotive Force for Optical Thermoelement at Anti-Parallel Directions of Temperature Gradient and Ray Current
Authors: Gutsul I. V. , Gutsul V. I.
Published: March 2016

The possibilities of utilization of anisotropic optical thermoelements (AOT) with different magnitudes of optical transparency for the registration and transformation of high-intensive ray currents are observed. The solution of non-stationary unhomogeneous equation of thermoconductivity is presented taking into account the Bouguer Lambert law at anti-parallel directions of ray current and temperature gradient for the anisotropic plate ZnAs2. It is shown that the non-stationary temperature distribution is determined by anisotropy of thermoconductivity and optical properties of thermoelement material and is characterized by complicated non-linear dependence both of coordinates and time. The expressions for the thermoelectromotive force are obtained for the case of optical transmitting and surface absorption. The dependences of transversal thermoelectromotive force on the time and height of thermoelement are investigated.
Nanotexturing of Silicon by Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching
Authors: Berezhanskyi Ye. I. , Nichkalo S. I. , Yerokhov V. Yu. , Druzhynin A. A.
Published: March 2016

This paper describes the method of metal assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) as an efficient approach for structuring the silicon surface with the ability to manage effectively the geometric parameters of the structures and their distribution on the surface of substrate. The surface texturing technology was presented and the structured silicon surfaces with regular and irregular types of surfaces have been obtained. This technology can be used for nanotexturing of the surface of silicon photovoltaic converters. The model of photovoltaic converter based on the crater-textured silicon surface with high efficiency was presented.
Dynamics of Properties of Laser Beams for Surface Hardening of Metals and Enrichment of Uranium and Transuranic Elements (Review)
Authors: Zavoiko A.S.
Published: March 2016

In this article considered consequence scientific achievement in laser  technology which carry out in last time,and actual in development electron trreat equipment material analisis basic  position warmth model evaporation and condensation film, sphere  be form.

Discass and analisis problem pass wave interaction and absorb energetic impuls situation, powerful condition on emition characteristics concentration source in they manyfoton ionisation  and  complex connection for the tecnology regim, and  kreterial laser obtaind. This problem developed practical making gas,solution dipping with obtaind new composite tipe will continue of protective coating based on metals with new mechanical and physical-chemical process of need in laser technology.
Strength of the Carbon Nanotube Films
Authors: Pelenskyi R. A.
Published: March 2016

The strength of nanodevices is caused by the interatomic distance decreace in nanostructures.Graphene nanofilm has 35 times larger strength than the steel. Thin whisker crystals grown from the gas phase are ten times more durable than the thicker samples.
Study of Combustion Characteristics of Carbon Particles Clouds
Authors: Orlovska S. G.
Published: March 2016

High temperature heat and mass transfer and chemical kinetics are modeled in polydisperse cloud of coal particles taking into consideration reactions in pores and Stefan flow at the surface. Burning characteristics are calculated of bimodal aerosol, with the assumption of equal mass concentration of two fractions with two or three-fold difference between the mean particles diameters. It is shown that ignition delay of coarse particles in bimodal aerosol is significantly less than that of equal size particles in monodisperse aerosol. Also a burning time of fine particles is substantially less in bimodal aerosol. It is demonstrated that burning temperature is higher in case of bimodal aerosol in comparison with monodisperse one.
A Rare Case Report of Immobility-Induced Hypercalcemia in an Infant
Authors: Vyas Neha , Kaminski Beth , MacLeish Sarah
Published: March 2016

Immobility-induced hypercalcemia is a rare cause of hypercalcemia in children, and to our knowledge it has never been reported in an infant. Infants and children are in a state of high bone turnover. Therefore, they are prone to the imbalance of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity that occurs with prolonged immobilization, leading to hypercalcemia. Here we present the case of an infant with hypercalcemia who presented with fatigue, irritability, and failure to thrive after prolonged immobilization. Therapeutic interventions were conservative and included hydration and increased mobility leading to complete resolution. This case highlights the importance of including this rare entity in a differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia as well as screening postsurgical patients with prolonged immobility for hypercalcemia.
What are the Perceived Barriers to Homeownership for Young Adults?
Authors: Larrimore Jeff , Dodini Samuel , Schuetz Jenny
Published: March 2016

As the U.S. emerges from the Great Recession, there is concern about slowing rates of new household formation and declining interest in homeownership, especially among younger households. Potential reasons that have been posited include tight mortgage credit and housing supply, changing preferences over tenure in the wake of the foreclosure crisis, and weak labor markets for young workers. In this paper, we examine how individual housing choices, and the stated motivations for these choices, reflect local housing affordability and individual financial circumstances, focusing particularly on young households. The analysis makes use of new individual-level data from the Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking (SHED). We find that housing affordability is correlated with county-level tenure rates and individuallevel probability of homeownership for households with heads under age 40. However, it appears that young households’ perceived barriers to homeownership are more closely related to individual financial circumstances than local housing market conditions.
Biotic factors associated with the spatial distribution of the mistletoe Psittacanthus calyculatus in a tropical deciduous forest of central Mexico
Authors: Arce- Ácosta Ileana , Suzán Azpiri Humberto , García-Rubio Oscar Ricardo
Published: March 2016

Psittacanthus calyculatus (DC.) G. Don (Loranthaceae) is a neotropical hemiparasitic mistletoe and one of the most abundant and widely distributed species of the genus. Like most mistletoes, the interaction with its hosts and dispersers are directly related with its distribution and community dynamics. For the last decade, the infested areas in central México have increased, becoming a potential plant health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate three main biotic factors associated with the distribution of P. calyculatus in a tropical deciduous forest: (1) the plant community structure, (2) the host spatial distribution and level of association with P. calyculatus , and (3) bird consumers. Modified Whittaker plots were used to analyze the structure and composition of the plant community, comparing a highly infected mistletoe sites with non-infected sites. The spatial distribution and association of P. calyculatus with its most frequent hosts were calculated through a spatial analysis by distance indices.  Study sites differed in plant diversity and species composition, showing a positive relation of mistletoe abundance with low diversity sites. The distance indices analysis presented a clumped distribution of P. calyculatus and Acacia hosts, as well as a high association with leguminous species such as A. farnesiana (X = 0.31, P = 0.0041) and A. schaffneri (X = 0.3977, P = 0.001).  Three species consumed P. calyculatus’ berries: the Northern mockingbird, the Silky-Flycatcher and the Scott’s Oriole.
Modelado de nicho ecológico de las especies del género Abies (Pinaceae) en México: Algunas implicaciones taxonómicas y para la conservación
Authors: Martínez-Méndez Norberto , Aguirre-Planter Erika , Eguiarte Luis E. , Jaramillo-Correa Juan Pablo
Published: March 2016

En Mesoamérica y el norte de México, los oyameles o abetos ( Abies , Pinaceae) presentan una distribución disyunta en áreas montañosas y templadas. En esta área se han reconocido entre seis y diez especies de Abies dependiendo de la propuesta taxonómica empleada; generalmente se considera que seis de éstas son endémicas a México y están incluidas en alguna categoría de riesgo. Dada esta incertidumbre taxonómica y la importancia económica del género ( Abies es el cuarto recurso maderable de México), se necesita tener información adicional que contribuya a su manejo sustentable. En este estudio se obtuvo los modelos de nicho ecológico para ocho de las especies y dos variedades de Abies reconocidas en México ( A. concolor , A. durangensis var. duragensis , A. durangensis var. coahuilensis , A. incki , A. guatemalensis , A. hickelii , A. jaliscana , A. religiosa y A. vejari ) a través del algoritmo de máxima entropía (Maxent) y utilizando variables bioclimáticas y topográficas provenientes de Worldclim, de Hydro k y datos depurados de presencia de diversas fuentes (CONABIO, GBIF, MEXU). Los resultados sugieren que A. concolor tiene el nicho ecológico más diferenciado con respecto a los demás abetos mexicanos. Asimismo, se observó que, con excepción de A. religiosa , el área de mayor idoneidad ambiental para todas las especies está fuera de la poligonal de algún área natural protegida ya sea federal o estatal, por lo que se proponen ampliar o crear nuevas áreas que protejan a estas especies.
«O retorno é o movimento do TAO»: Uma abordagem dialéctica da eficácia organizacional
Authors: Cunha Miguel Pina , Rego Arménio
Published: March 2016

Frequentemente, as discussões sobre a eficácia organizacional transmitem a ideia de que algumas organizações são mais eficazes do que outras. Neste trabalho, o ponto de partida é distinto: algumas organizações estão mais eficazes que outras. A eficácia é vista, por conseguinte, como um processo e não como um resultado estável. Para explorar esta perspectiva dinâmica, recorremos à filosofia chinesa do taoísmo. Algumas noções simples são usadas para discutir como eficácia e ineficácia, mais do que estados independentes, podem afinal ser duas faces de um mesmo projecto.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17575/rpsicol.v21i1.359
Aceitação da mudança e desempenho dos enfermeiros: A importância do cumprimento das obrigações por parte do hospital
Authors: Chambel Maria José , Sousa Luís
Published: March 2016

Neste trabalho analisámos a aceitação da mudança no sector da saúde por parte dos enfermeiros. Este estudo procurou integrar a perspectiva que considera a interpretação das razões da mudança (Rousseau & Tijoriwala, 1999; Shapiro, Butter & Burry, 1994) e aquela que considera a ruptura no cumprimento das obrigações da organização (Robinson, 1996) como cruciais para explicar a aceitação da mudança por parte de empregados. Salientámos a importância dessa aceitação, analisando a sua influência no desempenho e Comportamentos de Cidadania Organizacional (CCO) dos empregados. Com uma amostra de 467 enfermeiros de diferentes hospitais da região de Lisboa, verificamos que a aceitação desta mudança hospitalar, com repercussões nas práticas de gestão dos recursos humanos, era não só influenciada pelas razões comunicadas pela hierarquia, mas também pela percepção do cumprimento das obrigações por parte do hospital durante este processo. No entanto, não se verificou o efeito pressuposto de moderação do cumprimento das obrigações sobre a relação entre o tipo de razão e sua aceitação. Além disso, verificou-se que a aceitação desta mudança por parte dos enfermeiros era uma variável com influência nos seus comportamentos da cidadania organizacional (avaliados pela chefia directa).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17575/rpsicol.v21i1.362
Psicologia ambiental: Um esboço sobre o seu desenvolvimento em Portugal e no mundo
Authors: Lima Maria Luísa , Sautkina Elena
Published: March 2016

Apresentação do número temático. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17575/rpsicol.v21i2.363
Insegurança em meio urbano: o espaço na mediação de oportunidades delituosas
Authors: Heitor Teresa V.
Published: March 2016

O risco de insegurança em meio urbano, entendido quer como o medo do crime, quer como a falta de adesão ao sistema normativo da sociedade, constitui um factor inibidor de qualidade de vida. Daí decorrem fortes penalizações para a população, condicionando o modo como usufrui o espaço urbano e exerce a sua quotidianidade. Parte-se do princípio que a ocorrência de delitos em meio urbano está relacionada com a “oportunidade” da acção ser cometida. A oportunidade ocorre do confronto entre o delinquente e o alvo ou vítima, numa situação vulnerável. Neste processo, o espaço urbano constitui-se como um mediador de oportunidades, emitindo informações sobre a situação. A ausência de sinais de vigilância (activa ou passiva) facilita a ocorrência de delitos. No artigo, analisam-se as condições espaciais responsáveis por fomentar o controlo informal do espaço urbano, i.e., os mecanismos de “vigilância natural”, e exploram-se as formas de maximizar os seus efeitos. O artigo está organizado em duas partes. Na primeira caracteriza-se o conceito de vigilância natural e as formas de a exercer. Na segunda faz-se uma revisão crítica das diferentes abordagens ao conceito de vigilância natural, focalizada nos trabalhos pioneiros de Jacobs (1962) e Newman (1972). Discute-se as medidas de intervenção e de prevenção por eles sugeridas e introduzem-se as metodologias posteriormente desenvolvidas por Jefferey (1978) e Hillier (1984). Conclui-se que essa vigilância esta relacionada com as condições de interacção física e social presentes no espaço urbano e depende da acção conjunta de vigilantes activos e/ou passivos.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17575/rpsicol.v21i2.365
Embodied Piety: Sacrament Houses and Iconoclasm in the Sixteenth-Century Low Countries
Authors: Van Bruaene Anne-Laure
Published: March 2016

On the eve of the Beeldenstorm, a great number of churches in the Low Countries had a sacrament house, a shrine for the Corpus Christi, often metres high. These monstrance-like tabernacles were nearly all destroyed by iconoclasts between 1566 and 1585. This essay discusses the dialectics between the construction and destruction of sacrament houses before and after the Beeldenstorm. It argues against a strict divide between material devotion and spiritual belief by highlighting the intertwining of Catholic and Calvinist embodied pieties. Fuelled by their opposing conceptions of the Eucharist, Catholic devotees and Protestant iconoclasts both engaged with sacrament houses and other expressions of the Corpus Christi devotion (processions, miracle cults et cetera) in a deliberate and intensely physical manner. This article is part of the special issue 'Beeldenstorm'. Aan de vooravond van de Beeldenstorm stond in heel wat kerken in de Nederlanden een sacramentshuis, een vaak metershoge toren met het uiterlijk van een reusachtige monstrans, waarin het Corpus Christi werd tentoongesteld. Deze tabernakels werden haast allemaal vernield door iconoclasten tussen 1566 en 1585. Dit artikel bestudeert het samenspel tussen het optrekken en afbreken van sacramentshuizen voor en na de Beeldenstorm. De centrale stelling luidt dat we af moeten van een strikte scheiding tussen materiële devotie en spiritueel geloof. Zowel katholieken als calvinisten beleefden hun geloof op een belichaamde manier en hun handelingen waren steeds verweven. Vrome katholieke leken en protestantse beeldenstormers hadden sterk conflicterende ideeën over de eucharistie, maar juist daarom gingen ze op een heel bewuste en uiterst lichamelijke manier om met de sacramentshuizen en andere uitingen van sacramentsvroomheid zoals ommegangen en mirakelcultussen. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het themanummer 'Beeldenstorm'.
Power, Faith, and Pictures: Frans Hogenberg’s Account of the Beeldenstorm
Authors: Voges Ramon
Published: March 2016

Frans Hogenberg’s depiction of the Beeldenstorm is one of the most popular and influential visual accounts of iconoclasm. However, it has been considered controversial in Academia due to the account’s complex visual rhetoric. To tackle this complexity this contribution offers a close reading of Hogenberg’s depiction as an historical source by exploring its various references and allusions. The printed image allows historians to gain insights into the religious and political culture of the second half of the sixteenth century. This essay argues that Hogenberg’s account of the Beeldenstorm is a reflection on the power of images and its limitations. As such, the print was directly involved in the battle of how to understand contemporary religious and political conflicts. Although the account appeals to a heterogeneous audience, it depicts the Beeldenstorm in neither a neutral nor in an objective way, but from a position of religious compromise and secular unanimity. This article is part of the special issue 'Beeldenstorm' and was nominated for the Low Countries History Award in 2019 (for the best article in BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review over the years 2016-2017-2018). Macht, geloof, en afbeeldingen. Frans Hogenbergs uitbeelding van de BeeldenstormFrans Hogenbergs uitbeelding van de Beeldenstorm is een van bekendste en invloedrijkste visuele weergaven van iconoclasme. Binnen het academisch onderzoek hebben echter verhitte discussies gewoed als gevolg van de gecompliceerde visuele retoriek in de afbeelding. Om deze complexiteit te ontrafelen hanteert dit artikel een nauwkeurige lezing van de afbeelding als historische bron en onderzoekt het de verschillende verwijzingen en zinspelingen er in. De afbeelding verschaft historici de mogelijkheid inzicht te krijgen in de religieuze en politieke cultuur van de tweede helft van de zestiende eeuw. Het artikel stelt dat Hogenbergs weergave van de Beeldenstorm een reflectie is op de kracht van beelden en hun beperkingen. De gravure was als zodanig zelf onderdeel van de strijd over de vraag hoe de religieuze en politieke conflicten van die tijd moesten worden begrepen. Hoewel de afbeelding uiteenlopende toeschouwers wil aanspreken, geeft zij de Beeldenstorm niet op een neutrale of objectieve wijze weer, maar vanuit een stellingname voor een religieus compromis en seculiere eensgezindheid. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het themanummer 'Beeldenstorm' en werd genomineerd voor de Low Countries History Award in 2019 (voor het beste artikel in BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review in 2016-2017-2018).