bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Granular γ-Alumina using Experimental Nano indentation and Nano scratch Tests
Authors: Jahanshahi Mojtaba , Mofidian Roozbeh , Hosseini Seyed Sharafodin , Miansari Mehdi
Published: March 2023

The mechanical properties of ceramic granular γ-alumina, including resistance and stability, were examined using Nano indentation and Nano scratch tests. In so doing, surface morphology, topography, and roughness of the surface of the granular ceramic were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the elasticity modulus and hardness of granular γ-alumina were estimated using a Nanoindentation method under different loads. It is showed the nanoparticles of this coarse material are about 17 nm on average. Besides, the results demonstrated that the modulus of elasticity and hardness did not follow a particular process when the load increased. In other words, these features increased or decreased within specific ranges. The modulus of elasticity and hardness of granular γ-alumina was obtained equal to 12.6 GPa and 0.433 GPa, respectively. The plasticity index of granular alumina was also examined, and the results showed that it was highly plastic with a plasticity index of 0.83. Nano scratch tests were performed under two different forces to obtain the scratch resistance of granular γ-alumina. The results revealed that the scratch resistance also surged by increasing the indenter force.
Trophic position of the species and site trophic state affect diet niche and individual specialization: from apex predator to herbivore
Authors: Vejřík Lukáš , Vejříková Ivana , Blabolil Petr , Sajdlová Zuzana , Kiljunen Mikko , Kočvara Luboš , Kolařík Tomáš , Bartoň Daniel , Jůza Tomáš , Šmejkal Marek , Peterka Jiří , Čech Martin
Published: March 2023

Intra-species variability in a diet niche, specifically total niche width (TNW), individual niche width (INW), and individual specialization (IS), was studied using an innovative approach without sacrificing the animals. Stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) in four body tissues differing in isotopic half-life were analyzed from four freshwater fish species representing different trophic positions. TNW was widest for the apex predator (European catfish) and narrowest for the obligate predator (Northern pike). INW exhibited a polynomial trend for European catfish, Northern pike and Eurasian perch (mesopredator), decreasing with body mass and increasing again after exceeding a certain species-dependent body mass threshold. Thus, for ectotherms, apex predator status is linked rather to its size than to the species. In herbivores (rudd), INW increased with body mass. IS of predators negatively correlated with site trophic state. The trends can be generalized to other species at similar trophic positions in either aquatic or terrestrial systems.
Cambro-Ordovician metamorphism from Lesser Himachal Himalaya and its implication in Gondwanaland assembly
Authors: - Hifzurrahman , Nasipuri Pritam , Ganaie Abdul Majeed , Balakrishnan Srinivasan , Dash Jitendra Kumar
Published: March 2023

An ensemble of metasediments and gneissic rocks, commonly known as the Jutogh Group and Wangtu Gneissic Complex (WGC), respectively, occur as a tectonic window in the Lesser Himachal Himalaya, India. In the Jutogh Group, chlorite-mica schist, garnet-staurolite schist, and sillimanite-schist develop sequentially, near Jhakri thrust in the west to Wangtu in the east. Phase equilibria modelling implies chemically zoned garnet developed at 550°C to 650°C, 0.8 to 1.0 GPa, destabilising low-temperature assemblages. The retrograde segment consists of exhumation and cooling, resulting in a tight clockwise P-T path. The ɛNd[1.8Ga] of the Jutogh group varies between − 0.97 to − 8.14, with depleted-mantle-model ages between 3.07 Ga to 2.28 Ga. A combination of the isotopic composition of the garnet core and its leachates yields an Sm-Nd isochron age of 472 ± 26 Ma. The combination of the isotopic composition of the biotite, garnet rim, and garnet rim leachate fraction provides an isochron of 453 ± 6 Ma. Textural observations and Insitu U-Th-Pbtotal chemical ages indicate that the metasedimentary rocks contain Cambrian monazites. These monazites exhibit an age cluster around ~ 500 Ma. When combined, the results of phase equilibria modeling, Sm-Nd, and Monazite geochronology imply that the Jutogh Group metamorphosed during Cambro-Ordovician period between India and East Asian Cratons (EAC).
Sustainability Accounting for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measurement using the GREET LCA Model: Practical Review of Automotive ESG Reporting
Authors: Molnár Péter , Suta Alex , Tóth Árpád
Published: March 2023

The production and personal use of passenger vehicles contribute significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, making personal transport a major contributor. In response to increasing pressure from regulators and consumers to lower emissions, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have introduced alternative powertrains, such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs). To assess the economic and environmental feasibility of BEVs, OEMs conduct various life cycle assessment (LCA) approaches as part of their internal management practices. However, the public presentation of their results is often ambiguous and of unverifiable quality. This study conducts a review of sustainability impact reporting using the GREET model, which is based on the total vehicle lifecycle. The paper provides a summary of the input data requirements for validating emissions from both the fuel and vehicle cycles as part of the proposed model. The availability of the model components was tested against actual public corporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting disclosures of the largest global automotive OEMs, indicating a deficit in the public presentation of essential sustainability information. The implications of the research suggest that LCA models could benefit sustainability accounting by incorporating proper tagging during accounting practices and taking advantage of digital accounting and reporting practices such as the extensible business reporting language (XBRL). By further developing the model, sustainability reporting can benefit from its structure and workflow, thus ensuring improved information validity for stakeholders.
Effect of Modified Nano Graphite on Conductivity and Lubrication of Environment-Friendly Lithium Grease
Authors: Xia Yanqiu , Yang Kuo , Jia Yunfeng , Feng Xin
Published: March 2023

An environment-friendly lithium complex grease was prepared using pentaerythritol ester as base oil, lithium compound soap as thickener, and Graphite modified by ionic liquid of different chain lengths as a lubricating additive. The dropping point, corrosion of the grease, and volume resistance were tested. MFT-R4000 high-speed reciprocating friction and wear tester was used to measure the tribological properties under current-carrying and non-carrying currents. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to observe the surface of the wear scar. The results show that the polyether base oil OSP680 grease has the best degradation ability and the strongest environmental protection ability. The modified nano-Graphite material can improve the wear resistance of the base grease and the conductivity of the base grease. Ionic liquid has a synergistic effect with nano-Graphite.
Study on Association Behavior and Solution Properties of Poly(Acrylic Acid-Alkyl Polyoxyethylene Acrylate) Amphiphilic Copolymers
Authors: Wang Xiqiu , Zhang Zhiqing , Zhang Yukun , Zhang Guodong , Wang Fang
Published: March 2023

The hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymers (HAWSPs), which possess both surfactant and polymer properties, have been the subject of considerable research. In this study, a novel HAWSP, poly(acrylic acid-alkyl polyoxyethylene acrylate) (P(AA-AAEOn)), was synthesized via aqueous polymerization of acrylic acid andalkyl polyoxyethylene acrylate (AAEOn) with different ethoxy groups. The structure of P(AA-AAEOn) was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Additionally, its association behavior in solution was evaluated by surface tension, dynamic light scattering, and rheology. The results indicated that P(AA-AAEOn) exhibited excellent surface activity, and its ability to reduce the water surface tension increased with the increase in the proportion of the hydrophobic group. When the concentration reached 0.01%, P(AA-AAEOn) in the solution changed from intramolecular association to intermolecular association. Furthermore, P(AA-AAEOn) also displayed remarkable shear resistance, shear recovery, and viscoelasticity, with a transition from energy elasticity to entropy elasticity in P(AA-AAEOn) molecules between 25℃ and 35℃.
Optimized Scanning Protocol for Triple Rule-Out CT Angiography with Contrast Media and Radiation Dose Reduction: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Kun , Li Cheng , Sun Yingli , Jin Liang , Li Ming
Published: March 2023

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of an optimized scanning protocol to reduce the volume of iodine contrast media (ICM), injection rate, and radiation dose in patients with acute chest pain (ACP) undergoing triple rule-out computed tomographic angiography (TRO-CTA).
Methods: Patients with ACP undergoing TRO-CTA were randomly assigned to either group A (n=30) or group B (n=33). Patients in group A were imaged using the optimized scanning protocol with a scanning sequence of the pulmonary artery (PA), thoracic aorta (TA), and coronary arteries (CAs), ICM dosage of 55 mL, and injection rate of 4.5 mL/s. Patients in group B were imaged with a traditional triple scanning protocol with a sequence of the PA, CAs, and TA, ICM dosage of 75 mL, and injection rate of 5.0 mL/s. Both groups were scanned using a tube voltage of 100 kVp. The image quality (subjective and objective) and effective radiation dose were compared between the two groups.
Results: There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, body mass index, heart rate, sex, or clinical history between the two groups. Other than the left PA, RA, and RV, there were no significant differences in the CT attenuation values of relevant vascular structures including the pulmonary trunk, right PA, aortic root, aortic arch, descending aorta, left anterior descending artery, left circumflex branch, right coronary artery, or erector spinae muscle between groups A and B. In addition, there were no significant differences in contrast to-noise ratio (CNR) values between the two groups for most vessel segments, with the exception of the distal left anterior descending artery and left circumflex branch. The image quality scores were comparable between groups A and B for all vessel segments except the CAs. However, there were significant differences between the two groups in total ICM (55 vs. 75 mL, respectively, p < 0.05), scanning time (14.33 ± 0.09 vs. 21.89 ± 3.02 s, respectively, p < 0.001) and effective radiation dose (ED) (6.74 ± 0.73 vs. 7.61 ± 1.90 mSv, respectively, p = 0. 023).
Conclusions: The optimized TRO-CTA scanning protocol achieved a "double low" mode, while maintaining image quality with less ICM and lower radiation dose for all examinations.
Identification of the intestinal microbes associated with muscle strength
Authors: Ahn Ji-Seon , Koo Bon-Chul , Choi Yu-Jin , Jung Woon-Won , Kim Hyun-Sook , Lee Suk-Jun , Chung Hea-Jong , Hong Seong-Tshool
Published: March 2023

Background
Considering the effect of the gut microbiome on human physiology and aging, the gut microbiome may affect muscle strength in the same way as the host's own genes. Previous research has shown that the gut microbiome can have both positive and negative effects on muscle strength, suggesting the presence of two different types of gut microbiome. In this study, we demonstrate that the gut microbiome can contribute differently to muscle strength.
Results
We remodelled the original gut microbiome of mice through fecal microbiome transplant (FMT) using human feces, and compared the changes in muscle strength of the same mice before and three months after FMT. We found that FMT affected muscle strength in three different ways: positive, none, and negative. Analysis of the phylogenesis, α-diversities, and β-diversities on the gut microbiome in the three groups showed that a more diverse group of intestinal microbes was established after FMT in each of the three groups, indicating that the human gut microbiome is more diverse than that of mice. The remodelled gut microbiome by FMT in each group was also different from each other. Fold change and linear correlation analyses identified Phocaeicola barnesiae, Eisenbergiella massiliensis, and Anaeroplasma abactoclasticum in the gut microbiome as positive contributors to muscle strength, while Ileibacterium valens and Ethanoligenens harbinense were found to have negative effects.
Conclusions
This study not only confirms the presence of gut microbiomes that contribute differently to muscle strength, but also explains the mixed results in previous research on the association between the gut microbiome and muscle strength.
An Improved Dynamic Programming Energy Management System for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles According to Battery Model
Authors: Mousaei Arash , allahyari Hesamodin
Published: March 2023

This article proposes an offline Energy Management System (EMS) for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). Dividing the torque between the Electric Motor (EM) and the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) requires a suitable EMS. Batteries are vital to HEVs and significantly impact overall vehicle cost and performance. High temperature and high battery State of Charge (SOC) are the main factors that accelerate battery aging. SOC is the most critical state variable in EMS and was usually considered the only dynamic variable in previous studies. For simplicity, the battery temperature was often assumed to be constant, and the effect of EMS on temperature change was neglected. In this paper, we first apply Dynamic Programming (DP) to a PHEV without considering battery temperature variations. Then, the battery model is improved by modeling the cooling system to take into account temperature variations and show how neglecting the thermal dynamics of the battery in EMS is impractical. Finally, by integrating battery temperature as a state variable in the optimization problem, a new EMS is proposed to control battery temperature and SOC variation. Simulation results of the tested vehicle show that the proposed method controls battery charge and temperature. The proposed EMS method prevents uncontrolled fluctuations in battery temperature and reduces its deterioration rate.
A Comparative Analysis of Data for the Classification of Breast Cancer Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sharma Deepti , Kumar Rajneesh , Jain Anurag
Published: March 2023

One of the biggest issues facing humanity in developing countries is cancer-related mortality. Certain cancer kinds still lack a cure, even though there are many strategies to stop them from occurring in the first place. Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, and early detection is crucial to its treatment. One of the most crucial steps in the treatment of breast cancer is an accurate diagnosis. There is numerous research about predicting the type of breast cancer in the literature. In this study, predictions on the types of breast cancers were made using the information on breast cancer tumors from Dr. William H. Walberg of the University of Wisconsin Hospital. This dataset was subjected to data visualization and machine learning methods such as logistic regression and support vector machines. These machine learning methods and visualization were implemented using Python. To detect breast cancer diagnosis, analysis of data using machine learning techniques is performed. The decision-making process for cancer diagnosis can be significantly impacted by data visualisation and machine learning techniques. Several machine learning and data mining strategies for the early identification of breast cancer were suggested in this research. The maximum level of performance was attained using the logistic regression model with all characteristics included. The suggested method demonstrated improved accuracy performances. These results indicated the potential to open new opportunities in the detection of breast cancer.
Expression of SmATPDase 1 and SmATPDase 2 in Schistosoma mansoni eggs favors IL-10 mediated immune system modulation in infected individuals.
Authors: Gomides Thalisson Artur Ribeiro , Souza Márcio Luís Moreira , Figueiredo Amanda Braga , Lima Marlucy Rodrigues , Silveira Alda Maria Soares , Assis Girley Francisco Machado , Fraga Lucia Alves de Oliveira , Silveira-Nunes Gabriela , Martucci Leticia , Garcia Jennifer Delgado , Afonso Luís Carlos Crocco , Teixeira-Carvalho Andréa , Leite Pauline Martins
Published: March 2023

Background
Schistosomiasis is a chronic disease that affects over 200 million people worldwide. A pivotal role of IL-10 is down-regulating Th1 and Th2 responses to schistosome antigens, which can favor the parasite establishment. The SmATPDases degrade ATP and ADP in AMP and adenosine, a molecule with anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the expression of SmATPDases 1 and 2 enzymes in S. mansoni eggs obtained from infected individuals as a possible parasite-related factor that could influence the host immune response and the clinical outcome of the disease.
Methods
Fecal samples were collected from 40 infected individuals to detect coding regions of the enzymes by the qPCR. The production of cytokines was measured in supernatants of PBMC cultures. The analysis was performed by the global median determination for each cytokine and set up high producers (HP) of cytokines.
Results
Six individuals expressed SmATPDase 1 in their fecal samples, 6 expressed SmATPDase 2, and 6 expressed both enzymes. The group who expressed only SmATPDase 1 showed a high frequency of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-4 HP, and a low frequency of IL-6 HP. The group who expressed only SmATPDase 2 showed a high frequency of IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-4 HP and a low frequency of IL-10 HP. The group who expressed both enzymes showed a high frequency of IL-10 HP and low frequencies of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-13 HP. In the group that had SmATPDase 2 expression was observed higher indices the ratio between IFN-γ/IL-10 than individuals that showed expression both enzymes. The positive correlation between infection intensity and IL-10 levels remained only in the positive SmATPDase group. Overall, the analysis revealed that 62.5% of the cytokines presented reduced frequency in the group of individuals expressing both enzymes, the IL-10 is the only cytokine induced by the expression of both enzymes and the expression profile of SmATPDases is relevant data for grouping individuals.
Conclusions
The expression of both enzymes in the parasite's eggs seems to be a new undescribed factor that negatively modulates the host immune response by inducing high IL-10 production, which, in turn, can contribute to the survival of the parasite.
Metaheuristic-based PID Control: Evaluating the Effect of Parameter Settings
Authors: Chew Ing-Ming , Wong Wie-Kitt , Juwono Filbert H. , Sivakumar Saaveethya
Published: March 2023

Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control method has been utilized in many industrial control applications, which has its limitations for the optimized control. Manually calculated controller tunings by using fixed formulas are only adequately to give basic control but not well-competent to non-linear process with various operating levels. Optimization analysis via metaheuristic approach has substantially obtained the best solutions and has proven its credibility to provide the better controller values. Nevertheless, the optimization analysis might provides bad result if the determinant parameter settings are not properly adjusted during the optimization analysis. This paper objectively presents a direct way to determine the best determinant parameter settings for the optimization analysis, whereby the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are chosen for the research analysis. In detail, parameter settings that include upper and lower bounds (UB, LB), maximum iteration (MaxIt), population size (nPop), mutation rate (mu) and damping ratio (wdamp) are analyzed. Ultimately, analysis results are compared with manually calculated controller tunings by using Level Process Control Training Module, SE-207. Both performance indexes and response curves showed that PSO and GA were better performed than the conventional tunings. While comparing optimization analyses, PSO reacted more aggressively than GA corresponding to slight overshoots but both optimizations produced very close error values. In conclusion, metaheuristic approach with proper parameter settings produces better control tunings as for the controlled loop demands aggressive control action would prefer PSO, and in contrast, a stabilized control prefers to apply GA for the nonlinear process.
Cosmology in the Linear PseudoPlane of the Act
Authors: Peluso Vincenzo
Published: March 2023

It is proposed a new cosmological model that does not require dark energy although it presents characteristics and trends almost comparable to those of the standard model.
It differs from the standard one by an "extra path factor" that comes from a central hypothesis and results in an additional distance due to the gravitational Radius.
This additional distance causes the matter density parameter to no longer remain constant but to rise from 0.5 to 1 from the big-bang to the present.
It is precisely this variation in the density of matter that gives rise to a non-zero pressure that drives the present acceleration phase of the universe's expansion.
Remarkably, the halving of the density during nucleosynthesis solves the primordial lithium problem, although it introduces a deuterium problem.
At last, the resulting model solves the Hubble tension and the $S_8$ tension and satisfies all the constraints deriving from the most recent accurate measurements of the BAO and the angular power spectrum of the CMB although it has one less parameter due to the absence of dark energy.
The same hypothesis explains the rotating motion of galaxies on a small scale and produces consequences that are very comparable to those of the MOND theory.

However, although the proposed model respects the same principles and same physics as the standard one, it is necessary to reinterpret it within the framework of the more original space of light, to be able to appreciate the naturalness of the hypothesis and its profound implications.
A generalisation of flat morphology, II: main properties, duality and hybrid operators
Authors: Ronse Christian
Published: March 2023

In a previous paper, we gave a new general theory of the construction of flat operators on grey-level or multivalued images from operators on binary images. While the traditional approach was based on threshold superposition, we rely instead on threshold summation, and this allows a correct formulation for non-increasing flat operators, and also for operators with non-binary outputs. We obtained then some basic properties of flat operators, valid for both increasing and non-increasing operators. Here we pursue this work by investigating further properties of flat operators, which differ in the increasing and non-increasing cases, in particular the composition, join and meet of operators, and the commutation with contrast mappings. We study duality under inversion and characterise discrete linear convolution operators as flat operators. This allows to integrate various hybrid morphological operators into our framework.
MSC Classification: 68U10 , 06B23 , 06E30 , 06F20 , 26A45
Successful live birth in women with partial 17α hydroxylase deficiency: report of two cases
Authors: Du Xiaofang , Jia Qi , Wu Sheling , Wang Bijun , Guan Yichun
Published: March 2023

Background: The condition 17αhydroxylase deficiency (17-OHD) is a rare kind of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) manifested by delayed sexual development, infertility, failure to synthetize cortisol, adrenal androgens and elevated progesterone (P4). Partial deficiency is much rarer, presenting with subtler symptoms. It can inhibit folliculogenesis, and affect endometrial receptivity.The information regarding infertility care and conception in women with this disorder are extremely limited，and so far，to the best of our knowledge，there have been no reports of their natural pregnancy.
Case Description: The first one was a 27-year-old Chinese woman with partial 17-OHD due to the compound heterozygote mutation (c.887T>C(p.I296T) / c.1304T>C(p.F435S) )in the CYP17A1 gene who had suffered from recurrent cysts and infertility. In the course of treatment, we observed inadequate endometric development associated with prematurely elevated series P4。Subsequently, oral prednisone was used to lower ovarian and adrenal P4 overproduction. Finally the patient resumed spontaneous ovulation, conceived naturally and lived birth a female. The second case was a 32-year-old Chinese woman with partial 17-OHD due to the compound heterozygote mutation (c.1396G>A(p.E466K) / c.1459-1467del (p.Asp487-Phe489del ) ) in the CYP17A1 gene. Among them, c.1396G>A(p.E466K) was novel missense mutations. In vitro fertilization (IVF) was recommended due to the complexity of the disorder. Ultimately, 17 oocytes were retrieved and 2 cleavage embryos and 5 blastocysts were cryopreserved due to thin endometrium associated with decreased estrogen(E2) and prematurely elevated P4 after ovarian stimulation. Then oral prednisone was used to control adrenal P4 overproduction, then artificial endometrial preparation and frozen embryo transfer(FET) were performed, resulting in a singleton pregnancy. After the literature search in 17OHD women, no spontaneous pregnancy has been reported and only few case reports of successful pregnancies through IVF were summarized.
Conclusion: This report shows successful pregnancy was achieved in two partial 17-OHD women. It seemed that disorders of steroidogenesis caused by CYP17A1 didn't impair the developmental potential of oocytes. Women with partial 17-OHD can afford reproductive success by adequate hormonal control and endometrial preparation, and to our best knowledge, this is the first report on natural pregnancy in these women.
Differences in all-cause and suicide mortality between health care and other employees in Lithuania: a census-linked mortality follow-up study, 2011-2019
Authors: Kavaliauskas Povilas , Jasilionis Domantas , Kazlauskas Evaldas , Smailyte Giedre
Published: March 2023

Background
Lithuania shows one of the highest suicide rates worldwide. Studies from other countries report the elevated suicide risk among certain healthcare occupations even though mortality from other causes of death among medical doctors has become generally lower than mortality in the general population.
Methods
This study is based on the census-linked mortality dataset covering the entire population of Lithuania. The anonymised individual-level dataset includes all records from the 2011 census and death and emigration records between 1 March 2011 and 31 December 2019. The main variable of analysis identifies three groups: physicians, nurses and assistant nurses, and other health care employees. All-cause and suicide mortality rate ratios were estimated using a simple Cox survival regression model controlling for sex and age.
Results
Physicians, nurses and assistant nurses, and other health care employees have significantly higher all-cause mortality than the highly educated employees working in all other sectors (1.32 (1.07–1.64), 1.42 (1.21–1.66), and 1.48 (1.23–1.76), respectively). The corresponding rate ratios for suicide risk were 1.75 75 (0.87–3.55) for physicians and 0.58 (0.19–1.82) for nurses and assistant nurses, indicating lacking statistically significant relationships. Lacking statistically significant results for suicides can be explained by overall very low numbers of suicides among highly educated people (also including health workers).
Conclusions
The study indicates that healthcare workers show statistically significant excess all-cause mortality. The same (albeit statistically insignificant) tendency was observed in suicide risk among physicians.
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisation (FISH) as a Follow-up Test for Postnatal Microarray Results
Authors: Sooknanan Rachna , Baine Fiona K , Ayuk Sandra
Published: March 2023

Background: Fluorescent in situ Hybridisation (FISH) is a valuable option for follow-up or confirmatory testing especially if aberrations have been missed or require further testing for interpretation after array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH). In this study, the Vysis IntelliFISH Hybridization Buffer (Abbott Molecular Inc.) hybridisation protocol was successfully validated with improved turn-around-time and the utility of FISH as a follow-up test for patients referred for aCGH testing was evaluated.
Results: The results for nine of 11 selected cases correlated with the aCGH findings. Of these, six were for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, two for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and one for Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome. In addition, two cases were negative on aCGH but were positive for Pallister-Killian syndrome on FISH, confirming the clinical diagnosis.
Conclusion: Offering FISH as a follow-up test to aCGH is beneficial in specific circumstances i.e., in tissue-specific mosaicism as illustrated by the PKS cases, or for family cascade testing of a confirmed microdeletion or microduplication. Genetics laboratories should consider implementing FISH studies as a follow-up test for post-natal microarray results.
On the rate of convergence in homogenization of time-fractional Hamilton-Jacobi equations
Authors: Mitake Hiroyoshi , Sato Shoichi
Published: March 2023

Here, we consider periodic homogenization for time-fractional Hamilton--Jacobi equations. By using the perturbed test function method, we establish the convergence, and give estimates on a rate of convergence. A main difficulty is the incompatibility between the function used in the doubling variable method, and the non-locality of the Caputo derivative. Our approach is to provide a lemma to prove the rate of convergence without the doubling variable method with respect to the time variable, which is a key ingredient.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 34K37, 35B27, 49L25.
Revisiting the effect of shear stress on the γ→α phase transition of Cerium under shock loading
Authors: Zhao Kai , Gu Yunjun , Zhao Fan , Chen Qifeng
Published: March 2023

The dynamic response of Cerium under high pressure and temperature is not clear due to the complexity of its phase diagram. Using large-scale atomistic simulations, we report the γ→α phase transition (PT) of Ce under shock loading. The PT behaviors predicted by present simulations are in good agreement with previous experiments, thus confirm the validity of the interatomic potential. While the simulated wave velocities of elastic precursor are larger than experiments, the PT wave velocities agree well with the LASL data. In the T-P phase diagram, the Hugoniot states generally agree with the lower-pressure extrapolation of the higher-pressure experimental data, but differ significantly from each other orientations. By examining the ratio between the shear stress and hydrostatic stress, it is found that the anisotropic response of PT kinetics might be dependent on the variance of shear stress with lattice orientations. The present study suggests that the effect of shear stress usually ignored in shock wave experiments has to be treated seriously when studying the low-pressure γ→α PT of Ce.
Investigating Spatial Distribution Patterns of Natural and Social Disaster Risks by Urban Decline Type: Case Studies of Daegu Metropolitan City and Seosan-si
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Lee Jae-Su , Shin Yonghyeon , Kwak Ji-Won , Yi Changhyo
Published: March 2023

This study aims to compare the difference in the spatial pattern of the Risk Diagnosis Index(RDI) and the Comprehensive Diagnosis Index(CDI) by type of urban decline. First, CDI decreases the risk of disasters as it comes close to the urbanized area in all case areas. Various strategies are needed to increase the reduction capacity, focusing on areas with a high risk of disasters. Second, there is a difference in the spatial pattern of declined and non-declined areas in the city, and this trend is different for the urban type. Seosan has relatively little influence in the reduction capacity sector, while Daegu has a high influence in the reduction capacity sector, which affects the spatial pattern of CDI. It implies CDI by urban size and regional attributes should be differentiated. Third, both RDI and CDI tend to be spatially clustered. The spatial clustering pattern of disaster risk in the declined areas is higher than that of other areas. Although the pattern of disaster risk is high in declined areas, this varies depending on urban size and declined type.
A Comparative Study of Residential Mobility Patterns and Characteristics of Households by Life Cycle Stage:Household Mobility between 2001 and 2020 in the Seoul Metropolitan Region
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Park Hwan-Su , Lee Jae-Su
Published: March 2023

This study compares and analyzes changes of housing movement patterns by stage of life cycle in the Seoul metropolitan region over the past 20 years. It also aims to understand the direction and the amount of movement by life cycle stage from the perspective of housing consumer. In addition, the reason for classifying residential mobility by stage of the life cycle is that the age of the householder, marital status, the relationship between the householder and the household member, and the age of the household member affected the change in residential mobility pattern. And the reasons for residential mobility were also evident at each stage of the life cycle, which is also related to changes in residential mobility patterns. From a macroscopic point of view, residential mobility research is an important factor in household characteristics, and few studies have been conducted by classifying the life cycle stage in detail other than the age of the head of the household. In implementing housing policies, the government expects to understand and utilize changes in residential mobility patterns at each stage of the life cycle through this study, as well as specific life cycles such as unmarried young people, newlyweds, and single-person households.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penghindaran Pajak pada Perusahaan Food and Beverage
Authors:   Universitas Bina Insani, Jl. Raya Siliwangi No.6, RT.001/RW.004, Sepanjang Jaya, Kec. Rawalumbu, Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat 17114, Ari Diyani Lucia , Aulia Rahman Huda ,   Universitas Bina Insani, Jl. Raya Siliwangi No.6, RT.001/RW.004, Sepanjang Jaya, Kec. Rawalumbu, Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat 17114
Published: March 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of advertising expense, capital intensity, and sales growth on tax avoidance and uses firm size as a moderating variable. The research population comes from the food & beverage sector which is one of the government's priorities as a driving force for the national economy. The company is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for eight periods, namely 2013-2020. This research is a causal research and uses quantitative methods which are processed using panel data regression analysis techniques. The results show that sales growth has a positive impact on tax avoidance, while advertising expenses and capital intensity have no impact. Then, company size is only able to moderate the effect of sales growth on tax avoidance.
Musicality of Klopstock’s poetry
Authors:   HSE University, Sibirtseva Vera G.
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the semantic and structural features of the poetry by Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, collectively demonstrating the affinity of the entire work of the outstanding German poet and music. The changing attitude towards symphonic and vocal music from the middle of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century and the spread of musical and aesthetic views in related fields of science had a significant impact on Klopstock’s work. The complex multidimensional musicality of his works was misunderstood by his contemporaries who perceived only the superficial layer of Klopstock’s poetry, the plot. Researchers started studying the compositional affinity of his religious epic poem, the Messias, and the symphony only in the 20th century; they suggested the concept of a plot of feelings as opposed to the usual interpretation of the plot as a chain of events. The structural similarity of Klopstock’s epic to the symphony and the use of dissonance are undoubtedly manifestations of musicality. However, we can point out a deeper sign of musicality which is the German poet’s desire not to portray nature in his odes and hymns, but to convey an attitude towards it. Franz Schubert managed to reflect the rich palette of feelings contained in Klopstock’s poetry; today Schubert’s songs based on Klopstock’s poems are still a part of the vocal repertoire. Schubert succeeded in overcoming the obvious difficulties of Klopstock’s poetry, namely the lack of rhyme and regular syllable stress.
Kazakh-Russian сode mixing in metacommunicative perspective
Authors:   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zharkynbekova Sholpan K. , Chernyavskaya Valeria E. ,   Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: March 2023

The present study focuses on the ethnic bilingualism in Kazakhstan and the code-mixing as a special form of the Kazakh-Russian and Russian-Kazakh bilingualism. The bi- and multilingualism in Kazakhstan is caused by its long standing multiethnicity. Thus, the socio-cultural context in Kazakhstan provides a special angle on the issue of bilingualism and code mixing and differs from bilingual and code-mixed practices caused be active migration processes in the 20th century. The study, first, presents the main outcomes of the sociolinguistics and its new frameworks and methodological applications. Second, the paper analyzes the traditional approaches to Kazakh-Russian bilingualism and the factors that influence the Kazakhs and Russians in using code mixing. The suggested study is guided by the following research question: how consciously and intentionally proceeds the switching between the in the Kazakh and Russian languages and how the hybrid practice is evaluated by the participants of communication. In the questionnaire design the quantitative perspective on research questions asked (where? when?) was extended by its qualitative perspective (how? why?). We demonstrate that there are no fixed ties between educational level of the speakers and their linguistic competence and the language mixed practice, that is not to be labelled in pejorative terms as linguistic errors. In this analysis we show the codemixing not as interference mistakes as influenced by Russian language and culture, presupposed by low language competence of the speakers, but as a dynamic resource and linguistic choice in the interactional communication.
Adsorptive removal of phosphorus from aqueous solutions using natural and modified coal solid wastes
Authors: Hosseinpour Somayeh , Hejazi-Mehrizi Majid , Hashemipour Hassan , Farpoor Mohammad Hady
Published: March 2023

An invaluable utilization approach for industrial wastes is to employ them as effective adsorbents for environmental pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the phosphorus (P) adsorption behavior of coal wastes and zeolite in three forms of pristine powder (CP and ZP), nanoparticles (CNP and ZNP), and Fe (III)-modified nanoparticles (MCNP and MZNP). The adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The effects of pH, initial P concentration, and contact time were studied under batch mode. Results showed an optimum pH range of 2–6 for the P adsorption process. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm described the P adsorption data well. The P adsorption capacity of the studied adsorbents was enhanced after modifications. However, the coal-based modified adsorbents represented higher P adsorption performances rather than the zeolite ones. The maximum P adsorption capacity (Qmax) values were obtained as 0.36, 3.23, and 30.48 mg g−1 for CP, CNP, and MCNP, and 0.80, 2.84, and 6.99 mg g−1 for ZP, ZNP, and MZNP, respectively. The surface complexation, ligand exchange, and electrostatic attraction processes were identified as the main P adsorption mechanisms by the studied adsorbents.
The Effect of Statins on the Differentiation and Function of Central
Nervous System Cells
Authors: Chamani Sajjad , Mobasheri Leila , Zerehpoosh Shadi , Naghizadeh Ali , McCloskey Alice P. , Rizzo Manfredi , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: March 2023

Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors) reduce plasma
cholesterol and improve endothelium-dependent vasodilation, inflammation, and oxidative
stress. The effect of statins on the central nervous system (CNS), particularly on cognition
and neurological disorders such as cerebral ischemic stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS),
and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has received increasing attention in recent years, both
within the scientific community and in the media. This review aims to provide an updated
discussion on the effects of statins on the differentiation and function of various nervous
system cells, including neurons and glial cells. Additionally, the mechanisms of action
and how different types of statins enter the CNS will be discussed.
Structure-based Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking, Molecular
Dynamics Simulation, and Metabolic Reactivity Studies of
Quinazoline Derivatives for their Anti-EGFR Activity Against
Tumor Angiogenesis
Authors: Shah Altaf Ahmad , Ahmad Shaban , Yadav Manoj Kumar , Raza Khalid , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Akhtar Salman
Published: March 2023

Background:

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER-1) and its role in tumor development
and progression through the mechanism of tumor angiogenesis is prevalent in non-small lung cancer,
head and neck cancer, cholangiocarcinoma & glioblastoma. Previous treatments targeting the oncogenic
activity of EGFR's kinase domain have been hindered by acquired mutational resistance and side
effects from existing drugs like erlotinib, highlighting the need for new EGFR inhibitors through structure-
based drug designing.

Objective:

The research aims to develop novel quinazoline derivatives through structure-based virtual
screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation to potentially interact with EGFR's kinase
domain and impede tumor angiogenic phenomenon.

Methods:

Quinazoline derivatives were retrieved and filtered from the PubChem database using structure-
based virtual screening and the Lipinski rule of five drug-likeness studies. Molecular docking-based
virtual screening methods and molecular dynamics simulation were then carried out to identify top leads.

Results:

A total of 1000 quinazoline derivatives were retrieved, with 671 compounds possessing druglike
properties after applying Lipinski filters. Further filtration using ADME and toxicity filters yielded
28 compounds with good pharmacokinetic profiles. Docking-based virtual screening identified seven
compounds with better binding scores than the control drug, dacomitinib. After cross-checking binding
scores, three top compounds QU524, QU571, and QU297 were selected for molecular dynamics simulation
study of 100 ns interval using Desmond module of Schrodinger maestro to understand their conformational
stability.

Conclusion:

The research results showed that the selected quinazoline leads exhibited better binding
affinity and conformational stability than the control drug, erlotinib. These compounds also had good
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles and did not violate Lipinski’s rule of five limits. The
findings suggest that these leads have the potential to target EGFR's kinase domain and inhibit the
EGFR-associated phenomenon of tumor angiogenesis.
β-sitosterol Protects against Aluminium Chloride-mediated Neurotoxicity
Authors: Banerjee Sugato , Yadav Sanjay , Aggarwal Punita , Khan Faiz , Khodve Gopal , Padhy Dibya Sundar , Yadav Poonam
Published: March 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of β-
sitosterol using the AlCl3 model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Methods:

AlCl3 model was used to study cognition decline and behavioral impairments in C57BL/6
mice. Animals were randomly assigned into 4 groups with the following treatments: Group 1 received
normal saline for 21 days, Group 2 received AlCl3 (10 mg/kg) for 14 days; Group 3 received AlCl3(10
mg/kg) for 14 days + β-sitosterol (25mg/kg) for 21 days; while Group 4 was administered β-sitosterol
(25mg/kg) for 21 days. On day 22, we performed the behavioral studies using a Y maze, passive
avoidance test, and novel object recognition test for all groups. Then the mice were sacrificed. The
corticohippocampal region of the brain was isolated for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acetylcholine
(ACh), and GSH estimation. We conducted histopathological studies using Congo red staining to
measure β-amyloid deposition in the cortex and hippocampal region for all animal groups.

Results:

AlCl3 successfully induced cognitive decline in mice following a 14-day induction period, as
shown by significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in step-through latency, % alterations, and preference
index values. These animals also exhibited a substantial decrease in ACh (p <0.001) and GSH (p <
0.001) and a rise in AChE (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Mice administered with AlCl3
and β-sitosterol showed significantly higher step-through latency time, % alteration time, and % preference
index (p < 0.001) and higher levels of ACh, GSH, and lower levels of AChE in comparison to
the AlCl3 model. AlCl3-administered animals also showed higher β-amyloid deposition, which got
significantly reduced in the β-sitosterol treated group.

Conclusion:

AlCl3 was effectively employed to induce a cognitive deficit in mice, resulting in neurochemical
changes and cognitive decline. β-sitosterol treatment mitigated AlCl3-mediated cognitive
impairment.
Current Trends in Feature Extraction and Classification Methodologies of
Biomedical Signals
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Veer Karan , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: March 2023

Biomedical signal and image processing is the study of the dynamic behavior of various bio-signals, which benefits academics and research. Signal processing is used to assess the behavior of analogue and digital signals for the assessment, reconfiguration, improved efficiency, extraction of features, and reorganization of patterns. This paper unveils hidden characteristic information about input signals using feature extraction methods. The main feature extraction methods used in signal processing are based on studying time, frequency, and frequency domain. Feature exaction methods are used for data reduction, comparison, and reducing dimensions, producing the original signal with sufficient accuracy with a structure of an efficient and robust pattern for the classifier system. Therefore, an attempt has been made to study the various feature extraction methods, feature transformation methods, classifiers, and datasets for biomedical signals.