bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental variability based on an inter-comparison of four lacustrine archives on the Peloponnese (Greece) for the last 5000 years
Authors: Seguin Joana , Avramidis Pavlos , Haug Annette , Kessler Torben , Schimmelmann Arndt , Unkel Ingmar
Published: October 2020

Abstract. A high quantity of well-dated, high-resolution, continuous geoarchives is needed to connect palaeoenvironmental reconstructions with socio-environmental and cultural transformations in a geographically heterogeneous region such as southern Greece. However, detailed and continuous palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental archives from the NE Peloponnese are still sparse. Here, we present two new palaeolake archives of Pheneos and Kaisari covering the last 10 500 and 6500 years, respectively. For the last 5000 years, we compare them with sediment records from adjacent Lake Stymphalia and the Asea valley by applying the same set of sedimentological, geochemical, and statistical analyses to all four lacustrine archives. Continuous geochemical X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning records provide evidence for hydrological variations and environmental changes since the Early Helladic period (5050 BP), the beginning of the Bronze Age in Greece. We hereby focus on different spatial scales to estimate the validity range of the proxy signals. Ten elements were selected (Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Rb, Sr, Zr) for a principal component analysis. The clr(Ca∕Ti) was chosen as the most meaningful proxy, reflecting varying input of carbonaceous vs. clastic input, which may be linked to changes in the hydrological conditions. Our results show phases when permanent lake water bodies existed (ca. 5000–3600 cal BP) as well as phases with periodic desiccation of the lakes during younger times. While Pheneos and Kaisari show a drying trend during the transition phase from the Late Helladic period to the Proto-Geometric period (ca. 3200–2800 cal BP), Stymphalia and Asea show a rather short dry peak around 3200 cal BP followed by a wetter phase. Although all our geoarchives show evidence for drier phases, their timing and duration display considerable site-to-site differences which may be explained by site-specific responses in individual ecosystems. Age uncertainties, however, may likewise explain some deviations, as the dating is based on bulk sediment samples including potential unknown reservoir effects. The high regional geographical diversity within the Peloponnese combined with the dating challenges in the limestone-rich area and the variation in our data testify that any hypothetical mono-causal connection between palaeoenvironmental changes in a single geoarchive and contemporaneous societal transformations across the Peloponnese would be an oversimplification.
Contrasting exhumation histories and relief development within the Three Rivers Region (Southeast Tibet)
Authors: Ou Xiong , Replumaz Anne , van der Beek Peter
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The Three Rivers Region in Southeast Tibet represents a transition between the strongly deformed zone around Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis and the less deformed southeast Tibetan plateau margin in Yunnan and Sichuan. In this study, we compile and model published thermochronologic ages for two massifs facing each other across the Mekong River in the core of the Three Rivers Region, by using the thermo-kinematic code Pecube to constrain their exhumation and relief development history. Modelling results for the low-relief, mean-elevation BaimaXueshan massif, east of the Mekong River, suggest regional rock uplift at a rate of 0.25 km/Myr since ~ 10 Ma, following slow exhumation at a rate of 0.01 km/Myr since at least 22 Ma. River incision accounts for only 15 % of the total exhumation in the BaimaXueshan. Exhumation since ~ 10 Ma is significantly higher (2.5 km) than that estimated (~ 0.23 km) for the most emblematic low-relief or relict surfaces of Eastern Tibet, which are characterized by apatite (U-Th)/He ages older than the collision age (> 50 Ma). We conclude that the BaimaXueshan massif, which shows younger ages (
Killer Zucchini
Authors: Masten Ric
Published: October 2020

Slice and boil
the one that got away
the one that would play the lead
in the Squash that Ate Chicago...
the monster
that always has the crowd wild eyed
and screaming
my god! is that really
     A zucchini.
     Strain off the water
     Adding one bouillon cube (any kind)
     and one tablespoon of olive oil
     Puree and serve hot and steaming
     with a slug of cold sour cream
  dumped into the center of each portion.
     Top with a sprinkle of dill seed,
     salt and season to taste.
and now let us praise the chef
the only artist whose creative work
must speak to every sense
the literary labors of Shakespeare
are immense
feeding and filling the soul...
but a steady diet of language
leaves the stomach growling
and although
it would garnish your life
and delight your eye
a garden salad by Picasso
would be as tasty
as old canvas and varnish
and whatever
the sculpture Rodin
might put on the table
would be a masterpiece for sure
but nothing you could get your teeth into
no doubt
the sound of a string quartet
is more uplifting than the sizzle
of bacon in a pan
but by intermission a sweaty musician
doesn't smell as good
the fine art of cookery
demands the heart hand and eye
of a complete renaissance man
and as always
muttering into her napkin
counterpoint to this
my wife:
 "Why is it when a woman
  cooks a meal it is just a meal
  but when a man
  cooks a meal
  it's such a big big deal!"

Citation reference for this article
MLA style:

Ric Masten. "Killer Zucchini." M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 2.7 (1999). [your date of access] .

Chicago style:

Ric Masten, "Killer Zucchini," M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 2, no. 7 (1999),  ([your date of access]).

APA style:

Ric Masten. (1999) Killer zucchini. M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 2(7).  ([your date of access]).
Red
Authors: Cheong Felix
Published: October 2020

The dancer slips

in and out of bars,
the lovers mint memories of scars,
soldiers whose heads are home to shards,
the god whose last breath sings of stars.
Análisis situacional de los psicólogos de cuidados paliativos
Authors: Ascencio Huertas Leticia
Published: October 2020

Introducción. Los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas en fase avanzada tienen numerosas necesidades psicológicas, sociales y espirituales, como resultado de su estado físico, condición, curso terapéutico y efectos secundarios del tratamiento, además de distrés psicológico y existencial por lo que la figura del psicólogo en Cuidados Paliativos tiene una gran relevancia. Objetivo. Realizar un análisis situacional de los psicólogos integrados a los equipos de cuidados paliativos del sector público en México. Método. Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y transversal. Se diseño una encuesta ex profeso de 22 reactivos con respuesta dicotómica y opción múltiple. Resultados. Se analizaron un total de 49 encuestas de psicólogos que prestan sus servicios en unidades de atención médica en México, a través de análisis de frecuencias y porcentajes, chi cuadrada y w de wilcoxon. Conclusiones. Los psicólogos en cuidados paliativos requieren formación y capacitación formal para desarrollar habilidades y competencias específicas en este contexto; y de mayor sistematización y de protocolos de manejo en las evaluaciones e intervenciones psicológicas en el paciente de cuidados paliativos y su familia para evidenciar la contribución de la Psicología en Cuidados Paliativos.
Cultura y estructura organizativa de una ONG desde la ideología indigenista de la Federación Plurinacional de Turismo Comunitario del Ecuador (FEPTCE)
Authors: Orlando Narvaez Shyla Rocio
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo es una muestra de la cultura organizacional de una de las organizaciones no gubernamentales más importantes en Ecuador en lo que respecta al turismo comunitario desarrollado por comunidades indígenas de dicho país. Siendo el indigenismo parte fundamental de la cultura ecuatoriana, el artículo demuestra mediante conceptos propios de la sociología del trabajo el rol que juega la cosmovisión de la Federación Plurinacional de Turismo Comunitario del Ecuador en cada uno de sus objetivos y metas de trabajo como organización, dando relevante importancia al uso de simbolismo ancestrales respetando las creencias de las comunidades indígenas involucradas, lo cual genera sentido de pertenencia en cada una de ellas.
Minorías intermediarias y la consolidación de la sociología de la empresarialidad étnica
Authors: Riesco-Sanz Alberto
Published: October 2020

La sociología de la empresarialidad étnica es un ámbito de estudio relativamente reciente y desconocido fuera de la sociología de las migraciones y las relaciones interétnicas. No obstante, muchos de sus trabajos pioneros se inspiran, con mayor o menor fortuna, en los debates clásicos de la sociología: el tránsito histórico de las sociedades tradicionales a las sociedades modernas, el papel desempeñado por ciertas minorías en el desarrollo y consolidación del capitalismo moderno. Los estudios sobre las denominadas minorías intermediarias, herederos de los estudios clásicos sobre los pueblos paria, son un buen ejemplo de ello. Este tipo de estudios, circunscrito inicialmente a las sociedades tradicionales, conoció un importante proceso de renovación en el último cuarto del siglo XX, ampliando su ámbito de aplicación a los procesos de especialización económica que algunas minorías étnicas registraban en las sociedades capitalistas desarrolladas. Con esta renovación los estudios sobre las minorías intermediarias tuvieron una influencia significativa en la conformación y consolidación posterior de la sociología de la empresarialidad étnica, con aciertos y desaciertos que limitarían la capacidad explicativa de ésta.
Trabajadores desplazados, mano de obra barata en Europa
Authors: Viruela Martínez Rafael
Published: October 2020

El artículo analiza la movilidad intraeuropea de los trabajadores que, en virtud del principio de libre circulación de servicios, van de un país (origen) a otro/s (destino/s) para realizar una actividad durante un periodo de tiempo determinado. Aborda las tendencias recientes de esta migración temporal, los factores que la impulsan y su distribución geográfica, y las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores desplazados. La información utilizada procede de los informes y datos publicados por Comisión Europea y de los resultados de investigaciones que diversos autores han llevado a cabo en diferentes países.

La movilidad geográfica aumenta de forma acelerada en toda Europa, lo que se debe, entre otros factores, a la normativa que regula el desplazamiento de trabajadores, a la ampliación de la Unión Europea hacia el Este y a la crisis económica iniciada en 2008. La mayor parte de los trayectos cubren distancias cortas y tienen lugar entre países occidentales, donde se concentra la oferta de empleo. No obstante, la demanda aumenta con mayor intensidad en los países de la periferia sur y oriental, que destacan como exportadores de mano de obra.
“La solución japonesa”: Imágenes de Japón como modelo de paz social frente a la conflictividad laboral española
Authors: Iglesias Rodríguez Julio César
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se estudian las representaciones de Japón en la Asturias de los años ochenta y noventa, con especial atención a la transformación de las relaciones de producción como consecuencia de la aplicación de técnicas sociolaborales de inspiración japonesa. Al respecto, se repasa la imagen general de Japón en España a través de varios medios de comunicación, y se examinan con mayor detalle algunos conflictos laborales, especialmente el de la planta de Suzuki en Gijón. Este trabajo permite sugerir que el discurso orientalista presentó el “milagro económico” japonés como un producto de su inclinación cultural al consenso, contribuyendo así a naturalizar determinados discursos que exigían a los sindicatos que sustituyeran la lucha de clases por la cooperación entre productores.
Social and Political Development Strategies: Global Pandemic Challenges (Covid-19)
Authors: Leonidovich Karabushenko Paul , Yurievich Mamychev Alexey , Vasilevich Ponedelkov Aleksandr , Alekseevich Vorontsov Sergey , Alekseevich Kim Alexander
Published: October 2020

Even English historian A. Toynbee claimed that each new generation of the “creative minority” (elite) periodically faced challenges of the time, to which it had to seek and give an adequate response. In case of an unsatisfactory answer, this “creative minority” should leave the historical stage, giving way to the more competent elite. The coronavirus crisis experienced by the global community in 2020 has become such a global challenge of our time for many people. And the public can make conclusions about the professional training and level of competence of the ruling elite groups judging from how effectively they cope with this challenge. But even now it can already be stated that the crisis has revealed a number of significant systemic failures in the functioning of political elites - their slow reaction to the event, disunity, clip consciousness and underestimation of the degree of risk, resources and their own capabilities. This article is devoted to the analysis of all these problems.
Research on a Noise Reduction Method Based on DTCWT and the Cyclic Singular Energy Difference Spectrum
Authors: Chen Xihui , Cheng Gang , Liu Ning , Shi Xinhui , Lou Wei
Published: October 2020

The gear is the most important part of the transmission system of mechanical equipment, and the monitoring and diagnosis of it can improve the reliability of mechanical equipment. However, mechanical equipment generally works in harsh working conditions. The gear vibration signal is subjected to strong noise interference in working conditions, which brings great challenges for the effective diagnosis of gear faults. This paper proposed a noise reduction method based on the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) and cyclic singular energy difference spectrum. First, the gear vibration signal containing strong noise interference is decomposed into a series of signal components with different frequency characteristics by using the time-frequency analysis ability of DTCWT. Then, cyclic singular energy difference spectrum is proposed based on the idea of a cascaded cycle and the successive elimination of noise interference to process each signal component with different frequency characteristics, and the termination conditions of cyclic singular energy difference spectrum can be set according to the noise interference distribution characteristics in different frequency bands. The final noise reduction of the original gear vibration signal can be realized based on signal reconstruction after the noise reduction processing of each signal components with different frequency bands. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, which is effective and suitable for the noise reduction of the vibration signal.
Abstracts a plenty
Authors:   ,   Crossref, Stark Jon
Published: October 2020

في هذا الكتاب يتتبع يوسف زيدان، أهم الأفكار التي شكّلت تصوّر اليهود والمسيحيين والمسلمين، لعلاقة الإنسان بالخالق. ومن ثَمَّ، كيف توجّه علم اللاهوت المسيحي، وعلم الكلام الإسلامي، إلى رؤى لاهوتية يصعب الفصل بين مراحلها! يناقش الكتاب، ويحلل ويقارن ويتتبع، تطور الأفكار اللاهوتية على الصعيدين المسيحي والإسلامي. وذلك بغرض إدراك الروابط الخفية بين المراحل التاريخية التقليدية، المسماة بالتاريخ اليهودي - التاريخ المسيحي - التاريخ الإسلامي! وانطلاقًا من نظرة مغايرة إلى كل هذه التواريخ، باعتبارها تاريخًا واحدًا ارتبط أساسًا بالجغرافيا، وتحكمت فيه آليات واحدة، لابد من إدراك طبيعة عملها في الماضي والحاضر. وصولًا إلى تقديم فهم أشمل لارتباط الدين بالسياسة، وبالعنف الذي لم ولن تخلو منه هذه الثقافة الواحدة، ما دامت تعيش في جزر منعزلة
On A Subring Of Prime Ring With Derivation
Authors: Yen Chen-Te
Published: October 2020

Let R be a noncommutative prime ring of characteristic not 2, and let d be a nonzero derivation of R. We prove that the subring V of R generated by all [d(x), y], x,y \in R contains a nonzero two-sided ideal of R.
Use of municipal real estate for the construction of public electric vehicle charging stations – legal and economic issues
Authors: Drożdż Wojciech , Szmigiero Maciej , Dowejko Jakub
Published: October 2020

The development of electromobility is part of a broader trend of building smart cities, in which power distribution system operators actively participate. The fact that the legislator has delegated part of the tasks related to the construction of electric vehicle charging infrastructure to these entities should also mean equipping them with legal mechanisms for the implementation of public objectives, including those based on the provisions of the Real Estate Management Act. However, due to the imperfection of the regulations, these entities do not have the tools to preferentially purchase real estate for the development of charging stations, and the local governments lack the basis for making donations for this purpose. However, distribution system operators together with local authorities are natural partners in promoting electromobility in cities.
Method Development for Sustainable Urban-Stormwater Reuse in Malta
Authors: Gauci Alison J.
Published: October 2020

In light of climate change, global efforts are being made to manage water resources more efficiently by seeking alternative sources to alleviate the pressure on the limited supply of potable water. In addition to desalination techniques that are already heavily used in many semi-arid climate countries like Malta, an alternative source is urban stormwater. Malta, located in the Mediterranean, covers only 317 km2, with its largest river catchment being 47 km2. On average 550 mm of rain falls annually in a total of 120 days. Malta has typical dryland river ephemeral flow, which presents a challenge in utilizing urban run-off which will only be present during and shortly after storm events. Costs to treat water to potable levels and end of catchment storage challenges could be solved by investigating numerous non-potable reuses and water quality from different land-uses. Thereafter a decision-tool is developed to facilitate planning sustainable at-source catchment management programmes. This paper will describe how the decision tool could be developed using studies carried out in similar conditions as Malta and matrices based on regulations and guidelines published by various entities. Future work to verify the tool using urban stormwater data collected from the local scene will also be described.
Irrigation-Water Demand in the Maltese Islands – A Comparative Study between CROPWAT Analysis and In-Situ Monitoring for Ten Horticulture Crops
Authors: Vassallo Robert , Dimech Marco
Published: October 2020

In Malta, freshwater resources are scarce and their availability and accessibility are likely to be further exacerbated as a result of changing climatic patterns and increased urbanization. The agriculture sector, namely the consequence of irrigation demand, is heavily dependent on freshwater, making use of private boreholes to extract freshwater from underground aquifers. Numerous studies and reports have attempted to quantify and estimate the water use by agriculture. However, there exists a great deal of variability in the reported estimates as well in the models themselves. This paper presents an up-to-date compilation of the current irrigation use models and datasets for the Maltese islands and provides a critical assessment of the main principles behind the methodologies used. In order to understand better the adequacy and suitability of current estimates, a series of field studies were carried out to monitor the irrigation use in ten horticulture crops and compared against evapotranspiration and irrigation demand modelling using CROPWAT analysis. Field studies have indicated that irrigation was applied with care and overall resulted in lower water consumption (44%) when compared to model-generated estimations. Our study indicates that water consumption for crop production on a national scale is significantly lower than previously reported estimates. For the first time, irrigation demand figures have been compiled on a crop-by-crop basis, based on both field data and CROPWAT estimates. This study leads the way for the inclusion of crop-specific parameterisation which can be implemented into future water demand models, thus minimizing the risk of parameter errors and uncertainty for national water-use estimations.
Remaining the Vocational Professional: A Grounded Theory Study of IVET Teachers’ Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Curmi Rachel
Published: October 2020

The Malta College of Arts, Science, and Technology (MCAST), Malta’s leading VET provider, opened its doors in 2001 and has since invested heavily in recruiting industry professionals to teach a variety of vocational subjects. New full-time educators commit to complete an in-service pedagogy course within the first five years of employment. However, as full-time IVET educators become seasoned teachers and academics, they run the risk of losing technical competences related to their former vocational profession or discipline. The aim of this grounded theory study is to explore Continuing Professional Development (CPD) practices that enable IVET educators to maintain and update subject-related technical competences. Five in-depth interviews were carried out with IVET lecturers within the Institute of Business Management and Commerce (IBMC) at MCAST. The findings show that, whilst the notion of what constitutes CPD was interpreted differently, all participants had participated in some form of technical CPD at their own initiative, ranging from reading, conferences, seminars, and courses, or practising in the subject-specific area. However, all teachers agreed that the value derived from work placements cannot be replicated by other forms of CPD. Teachers also expressed the need for individually tailored technical CPD, depending on the stage of professional development and subject area taught. Finally, the findings suggest that those teachers who are bound to carry out CPD to meet the requirements set by a professional board (e.g. Accountancy Board or Chamber of Engineers) engage in CPD more systematically and mindfully, highlighting the need for MCAST’s own career planning and CPD policy.
Autism Spectrum Disorder. How do Maltese Care Services respond?
Authors: Spiteri Damian , Borg Jessica
Published: October 2020

Autism Spectrum Disorder can be particularly distressing to families. Care-givers who operate in the Maltese social care sector need to be responsive to the underlying factors that bring about this distress; including the impact that the disorder has on a person’s development and the constraints associated with the social stigma that ASD tends to elicit on community and neighbourhood levels. The management of care services needs to heighten the social care sector’s responsiveness by understanding the stressors and achievements associated with working in this sector; as well as by remaining regularly updated about how any services offered can be further developed.
Obtaining Multiple Order Statistics using Quickselect
Authors: Cortis Andrew , Inguanez Frankie , Farrugia Chris
Published: October 2020

Obtaining order statistics from a sample is an important tool in statistics. This article analyses the case where multiple order statistics are required from the same unsorted sample with no prior knowledge of the sample. Techniques based on Quicksort and Quickselect algorithms investigated, include sorting the sample, using Quicksort, before obtaining order statistics: Using Quickselect multiple times on the same sample; and using a modified Quickselect multiple times on the same sample, while keeping in mind which regions have already been partitioned. Further to this, a parallel version of the modified version of Quicksort is also considered.
The influence of urea and formaldehyde on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose
Authors: Marchwicka Monika , Lesiak Anna , Radomski Andrzej
Published: October 2020

Effect of selected urea and formaldehyde concentrations on glucose yield of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose was investigated. Urea and formaldehyde were added separately at the concentrations of 0.001, 0.002 and 0.005 g/cm3. Glucose was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that the used concentrations of urea didn’t influence glucose yield. In the case of formaldehyde, the results vary between used concentrations. The glucose yield of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose with the highest investigated concentration of formaldehyde (0.005 g/cm3) decreased by 50 %.
Effects of lycopene on abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids levels and hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes in broiler chickens
Authors: Wan Xiaoli , Yang Zhengfeng , Ji Haoran , Li Ning , Yang Zhi , Xu Lei , Yang Haiming , Wang Zhiyue
Published: October 2020

Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of lycopene on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids levels, activities of hepatic lipid metabolism related enzymes and genes expression in broiler chickens.Methods: A total of 256 healthy one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups with eight replicates of eight birds each. Birds were fed basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg lycopene, respectively.Results: Dietary 100 mg/kg lycopene increased the body weight at 21 day of age compared to the control group (p<0.05). Compared to the basal diet, broilers fed diet with 100 mg/kg lycopene had decreased abdominal fat weight, and broilers fed diet with 100 and 200 mg/kg lycopene had decreased abdominal fat percentage (p<0.05). Compared to control, diets with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg lycopene reduced the levels of total triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum, and diets with 100 and 200 mg/kg lycopene reduced the level of serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05). The activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in 400 mg/kg lycopene treated broilers and the activity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg lycopene treated broilers were lower than those fed basal diet (p<0.05). Lycopene increased the mRNA abundance of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase α (AMPK-α), whereas decreased the mRNA abundance of sterol regulatory elementbinding protein 1, FAS, and ACC compared to the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Dietary lycopene supplementation can alleviate abdominal fat deposition and decrease serum lipids levels, possibly through activating the AMPK signaling pathway, thereby regulating lipid metabolism such as lipogenesis. Therefore, lycopene or lycopenerich plant materials might be added to poultry feed to regulate lipid metabolism.
Current Systemic Treatment Options for Metastatic and Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Caglevic Christian , Mahave Mauricio , Sanhueza Cristobal , Ubillos Luis
Published: October 2020

Metastatic and local advanced unresectable pancreatic cancers are lethal conditions that always carry a poor prognosis with rare exceptions. Currently, the mainstay of therapy is cytotoxic chemotherapy plus best supportive care. First-line therapy for patients with a good performance status includes FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel regimens. Patients carrying a deleterious germline BRCA mutation can be treated with maintenance olaparib after FOLFIRINOX. Patients with a poor performance status, but still fit enough for chemotherapy, may be treated with single agent gemcitabine. Second-line therapy will depend on previous therapy and current performance status. Options for patients treated with gemcitabine-based regimens are 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin plus either nanoliposomal irinotecan, irinotecan or oxaliplatin. Patients that were treated with first line FOLFIRINOX may benefit from a gemcitabine-based chemotherapy, but evidence from randomized trials is lacking. Other options like immunotherapy and targeted therapies yield benefit only in very selected cases, and it is still an area of research.
Salivary Protein-Tannin Interaction: The Binding behind Astringency
Authors: Rinaldi Alessandra , Moio Luigi
Published: October 2020

Interactions between salivary proteins and tannins are at the basis of one of the main mechanisms involved in the perception of astringency. Astringency is a tactile sensation evoked in the mouth by plant polyphenol-derived products, such as red wine. It is generally recognised that tannins can provoke negative sensations such as shrinking, drawing, or puckering of the epithelium. On the other hand, the astringency of some red wines can be felt as pleasant mouth feelings of richness, fullness, mouth-coating, and velvet in the mouth. In this chapter, an overview of the research concerned with molecular and sensory mechanisms of astringency was updated. Because of many variables influence the perception of astringency, several methods have been developed to measure the intensity of the sensation. In this context, different indirect assessments were critically evaluated considering the pros and contras and correlated with sensory analysis. We focused the attention on the saliva precipitation index (SPI), based on the binding and precipitation of human saliva with grape and wine tannins, because it has been widely used for many applications in winemaking. A current great challenge is to have an in vitro measurement of astringency able to provide information on the fate of wine, from grape to bottle.
Domination of Value Creation Networking and Closeness to the Market Dimensions on Entrepreneurial Marketing Behavior: An Analysis from the Perspective of Start-Up Companies and Scale-Up Companies
Authors: Whidya Utami Christina , Susanto Hendro
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study is to bridge the gap in literature by studying how far do growth orientation, opportunity orientation, total customer focus, value creation networking, informal market analysis, and closeness to the market dimensions in start-up companies and scale-up companies have impact on entrepreneurial marketing (EM) behavior. Therefore, the goals in this study are: analyzing whether there is any difference in EM behavior for start-up company and scale-up company? The questionnaires were distributed to 406 business owners in Indonesia, spread throughout eight provinces. Start-up companies are companies that have been operating for less than 6 years, and scale-up companies are companies that have been operating for more than 6 years. Snowball sampling was used to select the chosen respondents, using the entire firms in Indonesia, be it services or manufacturing. The result of the study suggests that there is no difference in entrepreneurial marketing behavior between start-up companies and scale-up companies. Value creation networking is shown to be the most dominant dimension for start-up companies in terms of its impact on entrepreneurial marketing behavior, as for scale-up company, the most dominant dimension is closeness to market dimension in its impact on entrepreneurial marketing behavior.
The Role of the Meiotic Component in Reproduction of B-RAF-Mutated Melanoma: A Review and “Brainstorming” Session
Authors: Pjanova Dace , M. Vainshelbaum Ninel , Salmina Kristine , Erenpreisa Jekaterina
Published: October 2020

The ectopic expression of cancer testis (CT) antigens and classic meiotic genes is characteristic and a hallmark of poor prognosis of melanoma disease. Here the potential mechanisms of meiotic influence on the cell and life cycle of malignant melanoma are reviewed in the genetic, epigenetic, and evolutionary aspects. The involved mutant B-RAF and N-RAS-induced senescence may be reversed by reprogramming, with stemness linked to meiotic landscape, possibly induced by DNA double-strand breaks at the mutual telomere hot spots. The induced by senescence mitotic slippage (reset of interphase from arrested metaphase) and resulting polyploidy trigger the meiotic ploidy cycle to function for effective DNA recombination repair, genome reduction, and escape of survivors, which enter the mitotic cycle again. The aberrant meiotic pathway in cancer is reviewed in the ancestral asexual variants; inverted meiosis is possible. The conundrum of cancer aneuploidy paradox, selection of fit clones, and the Muller’s Ratchet of inevitable accumulation of harmful mutations is discussed. The bioinformatic study of the densely connected protein interaction network of CT antigen expressed genes revealed the melanomagenesis attractor composed of PRAME and small MAGEA group in primary tumors as compared with B-RAF-mutant nevi, restructured stemness network; invasive melanoma further displays the leading role of SPANX CT antigen group; meiotic genes are expressed in all three tissue cohorts.
Innovation Processes in Aquaculture: Comparing Companies in Norway and Chile
Authors: Ingar Westeren Knut
Published: October 2020

In the last 20 years, aquaculture in general and harvested Atlantic salmon in particular has experienced very high growth rates compared to other food products, and at the same time, salmon production has evolved from semi-manual production techniques to the utilization of high-tech capital-intensive production equipment. This development has seriously challenged the environmental considerations and escalated fish health measures to combat existing and evolving problems. As an answer to these challenges and because of relatively high profit margins, aquaculture of harvested Atlantic salmon has also had a speedy innovation path. This chapter will give a theoretical background and an empirical analysis based on data collection at three companies, two in Norway and one in Chile. The focus is on how innovations take place in different stages of the production process, and how these are built into the production and managerial system. The results show, as expected, links between company operations and the actual innovations, but these links do not have the same structure in Norway and Chile. Factors like human and financial resources, technology, and company organization seem to explain most of the differences between how innovations take place in the companies.
Nuclear Reactor Thermal Expansion Reactivity Effect Determination Using Finite Element Analysis Coupled with Monte Carlo Neutron Transport Analysis
Authors: Pope Chad , Lum Edward
Published: October 2020

The energy released from the nuclear fission process drives thermal expansion and mechanical interactions in nuclear reactors. These phenomena cause changes in the neutron chain reaction which results in further changes in thermal expansion and mechanical interactions. Coupling finite element analysis with Monte Carlo neutron transport analysis provides a pathway to simulate the thermal expansion and mechanical interaction to determine a fundamental parameter, namely, thermal expansion temperature coefficient of reactivity. Knowing the coefficient value allows predictions of how a reactor will behave under transient conditions. Using the coupling of finite element analysis and Monte Carlo neutron transport analysis, the thermal expansion temperature coefficient of reactivity was determined for the Godiva-IV reactor (−2E−05 Δk/k/°C) and the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) (−1.4E−03 $/°C). The Godiva-IV result is within 3% of the measured result. The thermal expansion and mechanical interactions within EBR-II are sufficiently complex that experimentally measuring the isolated coefficient of reactivity was not possible. However, the calculated result fits well with the integral EBR-II reactivity coefficient measurements. Coupling finite element analysis with Monte Carlo neutron transport analysis provides a powerful technique that gives reactor operators and designers greater confidence in reactor operating characteristics and safety margins.
Workplace Innovation for Social Sustainable Development
Authors: Jilcha Kassu
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the importance of workplace innovation to sustainable development of the organizational change process. Workplace innovation has been distinguished from the technical innovation and its significance to intangible service improvements. It has addressed how sustainable development is affected by workplace safety, health, productivity, and wellbeing at the workplace. The chapter also attempted to see the three pillars of sustainable development against the six pillars of sustainable development dimensions from prospective points of the previous studies. The previous studies’ findings considered sustainable development dimensions as economic, social, and environmental dimension, while the recent study has introduced additional three new sustainable development dimensions emanating from the existing dimension such as cultural, political and technological dimensions. Therefore, the paper tried to address the workplace innovation, its importance, model, and its impact on sustainable development of the global society.
The Long Journey of the Driverless Car
Authors: Wolmar Christian
Published: October 2020

There has been considerable hype about the expectations around driverless cars but tests and trials have shown that the concept is far more difficult to bring to fruition than expected. Since around 2010, there have been predictions of the imminent arrival of driverless cars. All these predictions have proved to be over optimistic and none of the goals have been achieved. Companies like Waymo, who are most advanced in the field, are beginning to admit that the task they faced is far more difficult than originally envidaged. This chapter will examine the obstacles to the achievement of the driverless car concept and assess whether the models of shared use driverless vehicle posited by the auto manufacturers and tech companies are realistic.
Techniques to Evaluate and Remediate the Slope Stability in Overconsolidated Clay
Authors: Peiffer Herman
Published: October 2020

In this chapter, the origin and remediation of an important sliding in the overconsolidated Boom Clay in Kruibeke (Belgium) is discussed. Local and environmental factors caused an unstable slope about 30 m deep, A larger sensitivity to erosion resulted finally in the instability of the slope. Because of the formation of fine cracks in the soil there was a possibility for the water to penetrate in the clay close to the surface, resulting in the presence of higher water pressures. Also, the presence of the excavator on top of the slope during exploitation had an important impact on the stress state of the soil. Both an analytical and numerical approach were used to estimate the factor of safety. Because of the change of the soil characteristics, the factor of safety decreases, which can be estimated through a numerical analysis (using the Strength Reduction Method). This chapter also discussed the applied techniques for the remediation using numerical analysis. Also, the importance of the field test is discussed. An integrated approach, using numerical analysis and field tests in combination, is capable of predicting the instability. This approach can also be used to evaluate the stability of the slope after remediation.
Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Kök Eren Hülya
Published: October 2020

Anxiety disorders are the most common of all psychiatric illnesses and result in significant functional impairment and distress. In DSM 5, anxiety disorders are divided into eleven subgroups. Anxiety, which we consider normal (mild and moderate anxiety), plays an important role in the development of the individual. However, if the level of anxiety increases, it may lead to mental problems. A high level of anxiety, long duration, and intensification of anxiety symptoms may cause anxiety disorders. These are; separation anxiety disorder, selective mutism, panic disorder, agoraphobia, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, other unspecified anxiety disorder, anxiety disorder related to another medical condition, anxiety disorder caused by substance or medication, anxiety disorders caused by substances and medication are unspecified anxiety disorders. Treatment methods used in anxiety disorders are individual psychotherapy, cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, systematic sensitization, exposure, and psychopharmacology.
Audiovestibular Dysfunction and Hearing Loss in Patients with Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Akarsu Sevgi
Published: October 2020

Psoriasis is now considered a T cell-mediated chronic systemic inflammatory disease rather than only a simple skin disease. The relationship and coexistence of this common disease with many other comorbidities have gained increasing attention in recent years. Although psoriatic skin lesions are seen frequently in the auricle and external auditory canal, there are not many studies evaluating the possible effect of psoriatic disease (psoriasis with or without joint involvement) on the auditory system. Hearing impairment detected in psoriasis patients is mostly seen as subclinical hearing loss at high frequencies, but it can also have a significant impact on patients’ health and quality of life due to the possible risk of developing sudden sensorineural hearing loss. In this chapter, the frequency, pattern, and patient-related risk factors of hearing impairment and audiovestibular dysfunction in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were extensively reviewed and discussed. In conclusion, it was emphasized that subclinical sensorineural hearing loss is a neglected but an important comorbidity in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The relationship between psoriatic disease and audiovestibular dysfunction supports the need for further studies aimed at better identification of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, and accordingly to update diagnostic and even treatment approaches.
The “Almost Necessary” Link Between Selfhood And Evil In Schelling’s Freiheitsschrift
Authors: Iacovetti Christopher ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2020

This article attempts to draw out and to clarify a tension at the core of Schelling’s Freiheitsschrift (1809). This tension can be put as follows. On the one hand, Schelling insists quite strongly throughout this text upon the inherent goodness of creaturely selfhood—not simply in the negative sense that selfhood is not intrinsically evil, but in the positive sense that each created self is loved by God and destined to play a singular part in God’s self-revelation. On the other hand, Schelling depicts selfhood in terms that seem to link it inextricably—perhaps constitutively—to sin and evil. It is my contention in this article that this tension arises as a result of Schelling’s attempt, in the Freiheitsschrift, to embed an essentially Kantian account of radical evil within the broadly Neoplatonic framework he had sketched five years earlier in his Philosophy and Religion (1804).
Grounding Reasonableness in Rawls’s Reading of Hobbes
Authors: Barakat Karim ,   DePaul University
Published: October 2020

I argue in this paper that Rawls is unable to offer a ground for the normativity of his freestanding politics, where his account is susceptible to a number of criticisms he raises against Hobbes. Rawls identifies three problems in Hobbes’s political view: the absence of reasonableness, the lack of a social role for morality, and finally resorting to an absolute sovereign to maintain stability. I maintain that Rawls’s Kantian account circumvents these problems. However, I argue that his move to a freestanding politics that disposes of the Kantian moral basis is unable to justify normative commitments and ultimately resorts to contingent justifications resulting from uncritically accepting norms institutions inculcate.
Posicionamiento en Google: análisis SEO de los sitios web de Agencias de Comunicación en España
Authors: Urosa Barreto Félix
Published: October 2020

Purpose: By means of an analysis of search engine optimisation (SEO), this study will attempt to answer the following question: when we search in Google.es for “communications agency”, why is it that none of the most important companies in the sector appear on the first page of results (the top ten positions)? The aim of this study is to analyse and compare the level of SEO of the main communications agencies which operate in Spain and the highest ranked web pages resulting from the search.

Design / Methodology / Approach: An empirical study has been carried out which collates quantitative and qualitative data, realising a comparative analysis of eight variables taken into account by Google for its organic positioning in ten web pages of communication services companies.

Results: It is confirmed that the specific SEO variables of a page (on page factors) are determining factors to achieve the top positions on Google.es. The webpages of the principal communications agencies which have been analysed have a good structure and potential for SEO. However, no page is optimised for the search “communications agency”, which is why other companies occupy the leading positions for this term.

Limitations / Implications: The main limitations are the number of searches to study, the number of factors for the positioning as well as the number of web pages to analyse. A study which could expand these variables would provide more data to the sector.

Originality / Contribution: The present study aims to serve as a base for posterior analyses of organic positioning in this sector or in others; and can carry this type of research —more frequent in the professional field— over to the academic world.
Marketing Olfativo en hoteles de lujo de Madrid centro
Authors: González Peña Andrea , González-Anleo Juan M.
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The objective of this study is to discover the existing reality in the luxury hotel sector in the central area of Madrid concerning the implementation of Olfactory Sensory Marketing techniques and strategies with the aim of revealing to what extent, where, who by and with what end such strategies are carried out.

Design / Methodology / Approach: This is a quantitative study and has been carried out by means of an ICSC survey assisted by a Smartphone which navigates the questionnaire. The aforementioned survey had to be completed by hotel staff in possession of the required knowledge to be able to respond to the questions asked.

Results: The results of the research confirmed three of the five hypotheses initially proposed for the study, which demonstrated that the luxury hotels in Madrid Centre used such strategies to differentiate themselves from the competition and create an olfactory brand. Likewise, it highlights that a small percentage of hotels do not use said techniques as well as their positive effects on levels of customer satisfaction, along with other results which will be presented later.

Limitatios / Implications: Due to the responsibility and the workload which the functions of the people necessary to complete this survey incur, answers were not obtained from certain hotels. From the planned twenty-one hotels initially listed, fourteen replies were received, all of which were face-to-face.

Originality / Contribution: It has been possible to define the reality of Olfactory Marketing in the luxury hotel sector in Madrid Centre, along with the implications involved and its contribution to creating a pleasant atmosphere for consumers and guaranteeing their acquisition and retention by means of aromas.