bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La proporcionalidad interpretativa y la proporcionalidad constitucional
Authors: Burgoa Toledo Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2020

La proporcionalidad interpretativa y la proporcionalidad constitucional son dos formas de resolver casos difíciles que en la práctica se confunden indebidamente, pues en tanto el primero es un ejercicio de interpretación y se enfoca a las normas que han de aplicarse a un caso concreto, el segundo es un ejercicio de argumentación y se utiliza para conocer si se justifica o no el límite impuesto a un derecho constitucional mediante una norma secundaria en virtud de otro derecho o interés público que requiere atención, motivo por el cual, si se confunden ambos ejercicios, el resultado emitido en sentencias puede no satisfacer los principios del sistema legal, siendo importante su conocimiento para una aplicación debida.
Criminalidad de cuello azul, civilidad, ciudadanía y prevención. Reflexiones en torno a México
Authors: Álvarez León José Antonio
Published: January 2020

La criminalidad azul es una categoría intermedia en la clasificación de los delitos, de forma particular de los ilícitos de corte económico. Durante mucho tiempo se dio poca importancia a esta categoría, pues se pensaba más en el tamaño del daño (cantidades) y en la clasificación de los grandes delincuentes, y no en las consecuencias sociales producidas. En el México de hoy la crisis de inseguridad y control del delito ubica en el contexto criminológico a las clases económicas siempre vulneradas como nichos del delito ocupacional en función de sus precarias condiciones materiales de existencia y oportunidad de progreso. El delito económico se origina, desarrolla y vincula a otros delitos en las clases medias y trabajadoras, y es ahí, donde toma relevancia la criminalidad azul y las explicaciones para generar opciones de política criminal preventiva.
La ley general en materia de trata de personas como paradoja del derecho
Authors: Rangel Cortés Víctor Manuel
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: criticar el discurso de la Ley General para Prevenir, Sancionar y Erradicar los Delitos en Materia de Trata de Personas y para la Protección y Asistencia a las Víctimas de estos Delitos como instrumento de poder político. Metodología: método crítico analítico, a partir de las paradojas del derecho desarrollados por Sánchez Sandoval en su libro "Epistemologías y sociología jurídica del poder”. Resultados: la construcción de la ley en contra de la trata de personas depende de los intereses políticos que la crearon, viola derechos humanos y no cumple con sus objetivos. Conclusión principal: la ley general en contra de la trata de personas es una paradoja ya que le da sentido a la fallida política criminal en la materia la cual viola derechos humanos y no resuelve la problemática.
V International Symposium “Mobility and Migration: Concepts, Methods, Results” (Novosibirsk, August 19–24, 2019)
Authors: Polos'mak Natal'ya , Hansen Svend , Molodin Vyacheslav , Myl'nikova Lyudmila
Published: January 2020

The paper presents the results of the V International Symposium “Mobility and Migration: Concepts, Methods, Results” organized by the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk) and the German Archaeologi­cal Institute, its Eurasian Branch (Berlin). The event took place in August 2019 at the R&D centre of Denisova Cave Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Altai). The forum brought together the masterminds from the leading scientific institutions of Russia, Austria, Hungary, Germany, Norway, Poland.

The reports presented the comp temporary research on mobility and migration. Study me­thods are outlined, models are proposed.
Russian National Scientific Conference “200 Years of Diplomatic Support of the Russian Presence in the Middle East: History of the Creation and Activities of the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire” (St. Petersburg, October 3–4, 2019)
Authors: Zhitenev Sergey
Published: January 2020

The conference members presented scientific research on archival materials and museum collections about the Russian presence in the countries of the Bible region. These studies are not only of historical significance, but also reflect today’s current and important tried-and-true good relations of Russia with the peoples and countries of the Middle East.
XX International Theoretical & Methodological Conference “Fates of the Russian Intelligentsia: Past, Present, Future” (Moscow, April 9, 2019)
Authors: Capko Miroslava , Galkina Mariya
Published: January 2020

The paper summarizes the anniversary XX International Theoretical and Methodological Conference “Fates of the Russian intelligentsia: past, present, future” held in April 2019 at the sociology department of the Russian State University for the Humanities. The academic debates focused on a wide range of issues regarding the fate of the Russian intelligentsia, transformation of views, attitudes, social and political practices of the Russian intelligentsia, the basis of the background knowledge in this group. This year the event was distinguished not only by the diversity of the considered issues, but also by its significant area coverage in relation to the conference guests: the participants were researchers from Russia, neighbouring and other countries (Kazakhstan, Belarus, Ukraine, China, and Montenegro). The conference ended with the release of a collection of materials based on the scientific event.
IV International Scientific Conference “Phraseology in the Linguistic Worldview: Cognitive-Pragmatic Registers” (Belgorod, March 27–29, 2019)
Authors: Alefirenko Nikolay , Chumak-Zhun' Irina
Published: January 2020

The conference members discussed the linguistic and linguo-didactic aspects of phrasemics considered from both synchronous and diachronic perspectives. The debates focused on such aspects of the phraseological worldview as cognitive functions of stable units, phraseological representations of naive and artistic images of the universe, the status of mythological and archetypal factors of phrase-formation and phrase-forming, including discursive-modus concepts, as well as the place of metaphorical discourse in the construction of an artistic worldview.
International Scientific Conference “An Artist in the Modern World: from Professional Education to Creativity” (Kursk, May 20–22, 2019)
Authors: Reprincev Aleksandr
Published: January 2020

The paper focuses on the results of the International Scientific Conference held in Kursk. It explored the relationship between culture and man, the dialectical connection of the theory and practice of modern art education. The participants analysed the evolution of meanings and values of culture in the conditions of a post-industrial, “digital” civilization, drew attention to the artist’s mission of promoting spiritual development, learning, preservation and enhancement of aesthetic values. They discussed issues of training talent in fine art, design, architecture. A special concern of the forum participants is the “computerization” of art, its transformation from a creative sacrament into “technology”, into the mainstream production of “mass culture” products.
Brain through the Lens of Biocultural Co-Constructivism
Authors: Bazhanov Valentin
Published: January 2020

The article briefly outlines the idea of biocultural co-constructivism and, through its lens, provides insights into the interaction of society, culture and the brain as a holistic system with active mutual impacts of each component, which allows talking about the phenomenon of “social brain”. It is shown that socio-cultural factors have a significant impact on the functions of neural structures, their activity and the restructuring of the architectonics of the brain even at the macroscopic level. The paths of natural and cultural development are expressed in co-creation, co-generation of meanings; these trajectories cross and form a system that ensures their active interaction and interdetermination. Culture defines the perspective of classification, outlook and the modes of its evaluation; it sort of filters out fragments of reality that do not fit into the cultural “grid of categories”. This helps to conclude that the idea of a “cognitive and versatile” subject of cognition should be rethought in view of new empirical material provided by cultural neuroscience. The subject of cognition in the context of biocultural co-constructivism is “linked” to a specific situation that characterizes the relationship of society, culture and the brain. The modern neuroscience makes the need for naturalism and sociocentrism obvious, suggests the shift towards revising the rigorous attitudes of logocentrism and the prospects for knowledge deanthropologization.
Peter’s Epoch in Manuscripts
Authors: Voznesenskaya Irina , Bazarova Tat'yana
Published: January 2020

This study focuses on ample manuscripts (about 150) dedicated to the reign of Peter the Great in the collections of the BAN and the Archive of St. Petersburg Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Most manuscripts date back to the second half of the 18th century. One can assume that this was the time that sparked an acute interest of the society in both the personality of the reformer tsar and his activities. The description of the emperor’s life during the reign of his daughter Elizabeth Petrovna is crucial. The manuscripts provide historic insights into Peter’s life, including his birth, childhood and youth, first military missions, traveling, battles and victories, coronations, marches, embassies, and burials.
Employees’ turnover intention and behavioral outcomes: The role of work engagement
Authors: Xiong Ran , Wen Yuping
Published: January 2020

We examined the mediating role of work engagement in predicting organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. The 227 participants were employees of 2 major retail banks in China, who completed a survey. The results showed that both turnover intention and
work engagement were significantly correlated with organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. Results of structural equation modeling indicated that work engagement partially mediated both the turnover intention–organizational citizenship behavior relationship
and the turnover intention–counterproductive work behavior relationship. These results extend prior findings and shed light on how turnover intention affects organizational citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Nudging: The unexpected impact on observers' inference of donors' prosocial behavior
Authors: Wu Xiaoyue , Jin Liyin
Published: January 2020

We proposed that although nudging may encourage participation, being nudged may undermine the intrinsic motivation of a donor's prosocial behavior in the eyes of an observer. In 3 studies spanning various contexts of prosocial nudging (Ns = 198, 141, and 267 university students,
respectively), we demonstrated that observers perceived a donor who was (vs. was not) nudged as less intrinsically motivated to help others. The findings suggested that the perceived motive of a donor's prosocial behavior is inferred by observers not only from the behavior itself but also
from whether or not the behavior is a product of nudging. By investigating the consequences of nudging from the observer's perspective, we have provided a new lens for understanding the role of nudging in the prosocial domain.
Satellite constellation design of on-orbit servicing space system for Globalstar satellites
Authors: Razoumny Vladimir Yu. , Baranov Andrey A. , Razoumny Yury N.
Published: January 2020

The ballistic problem of on-orbit space serving system configuration design for active Globalstar satellites is considered. These satellites are moving in orbits with close altitudes and inclinations but with significant difference in longitude of ascending node (more than 10 degrees). The onorbit space servicing system is a system of base orbital stations for servicing the given array of the satellites using the detachable orbital modules. The noted acoplanarity leads to high expenses of the total relative velocity (fuel) required for inter-orbit flights to serving satellites. The article provides an example of solving the design problem basing on the developed methodology of optimal serving planning using up-to-date algorithms of estimating energy costs of flights to serving satellites, that significantly decrease flight fuel costs. The problem of configuration design of space serving system as well as the problem of optimal serving planning has been solved basing on the analyzing the deviation map of satellites and orbital stations longitudes of ascending node. It is shown that proposed method allows to define the necessary amount and orbit parameters of orbital stations, the amount of detached orbital modules and total relative velocity, needed to service the given group of spacecraft.
Experience and opportunities of space systems applications of Earth remote sensing to prediction gold mineralization on difficult to approach areas on the example of the Polar Urals
Authors: Ivanova Julia N. , Ivanov Kirill S. , Bondareva Marina K. , Ermolaev Vladimir A. , Zhukov Alexander O.
Published: January 2020

The questions of the using of domestic and foreign spacecraft (SC), as well as Earth remote sensing (ERS) equipment for search and predication of gold mineralization on the example of the promising and difficult to approach areas of the Polar and the Northern Urals are discussed in the article. The solution of this problem is showed on the example of the prospective areas of the Arctic and the Northern Urals based on analysis of Landsat 7 multispectral images. Hidden structures (arc, annular, and radial) were detected with help of analyses of Landsat 7 imagery. Hidden structures determine the position of gold mineralization of the Toupugol-Hanmeyshorskogo (the Novogodnenskoe ore field, the Polar Urals) and the Turinsko-Auerbahovskogo (the Auerbachovskoe ore field, the Northern Urals) ore regions. The decision of this problem is given on the example of the promising territory of the Polar Urals with the use foreign SC the Landsat 7. Comparative analysis of the existing SC of ERS has been carried out, this target information has in the public domain. The onboard equipment installed on domestic spacecraft and the information obtained with use onboard equipment meets the existing requirements. These requirements are placed to onboard equipment to solve the problem of search and predication mineralization. At the same time, the capabilities of the deployed domestic orbital grouping of SC of ERS transcend the capabilities of SC of ERS the Landsat 7. Opportunity of obtaining geospatial information with the use of pseudospacecrafts is being considered. These have several advantages over SC and unmanned aerial vehicles.
Development of methodology for calculation of discontinuous circular welds in torsion
Authors: Belousov Yury V. , Kleymuk Ivan A. , Strashnov Stanislav V.
Published: January 2020

The main criterion for the performance of welds is the strength. The least durable are the corner joints used to perform various types of welded joints. In the literature, the methods of calculating the strength of welded joints with solid seams are considered in sufficient detail. Methods of calculation of connection interrupted sutures absent. In this case, the greatest difficulty is the calculation of connections using circular intermittent seams, which are often performed in welded drums and pulleys. They work on torsion. Therefore, the development of methods for calculating circular intermittent seams for torsion is quite important. Shear stresses in welds from torque are determined depending on the value of the polar moment of resistance of its dangerous section. When determining the polar moment of resistance of the dangerous section of a circular discontinuous seam, it was represented by a set of sections in the form of a sector of a circular ring. The method of calculation of the polar moment of resistance of the rotated dangerous section of a circular discontinuous weld, which takes into account the relative length of the weld areas and their number, is proposed, as well as the method of accurate and approximate calculation of shear stresses in the weld.
Perspective of gold-bearing deposits in the ferruginous-siliceous formations of Egypt and Kursk Magnetic Anomaly
Authors: Sharafeldin Hani E. , Vercheba Alexander A.
Published: January 2020

Banded ferruginous-siliceous formations (FSF) are confined to the Precambrian basement of the Arabian-Nubian Shield within the central part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Gold mineralization is spatially associated with banded ferruginous quartzite, representing one of the most ancient manifestations of gold ore. The Precambrian rocks are combined into deposits complex of the Neoproterozoic Pan-African megacycle of the territory development. Banded iron-silicate rocks occur in sedimentary-volcanogenic rocks that were formed in the subduction trough zones, and are represented by metamorphosed ferruginous quartzites, jaspilites and schists. FSF show tectonic dislocations, shear cracks, and fracture cracks made by gold-quartz-sulphide mineralization. Promising for the identification of gold-bearing mineralization in the rocks of the FSF can be iron-silicate deposits with the occurrence of epigenetic hydrothermal activity as a result of activation of the submarine volcanism of the tholeiitic type.
Mioclonías posthipóxicas asociadas a estatus epiléptico superrefractario
Authors: Sánchez Pardo Santiago , Ochoa Diaz Andrés Felipe , Zuluaga Giraldo José Armando
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN:
Las mioclonías posthipóxicas aparecen como consecuencia del daño cerebral secundario a hipoxemia severa, con frecuencia en las primeras 24 horas después de la realización de reanimación cardiopulmonar, y los pacientes permanecen en estado de coma por largo tiempo. En general, su aparición constituye un predictor de mal pronóstico. El objetivo de la presentación de este caso es resaltar la presencia de estado epiléptico superrefractario relacionado con mioclonías posthipóxicas.

CASO CLÍNICO:
Paciente masculino de 24 años con herida de arma cortopunzante en región precordial y toracoabdominal posterior derecha, que ingresa en estado de coma. Es llevado a cirugía y allí se evidencia hemopericardio y herida cardiaca grado III, que fue corregida, con retorno a circulación espontánea pasados 15 minutos desde el inicio de la reanimación cardio-pulmonar y masaje cardiaco bimanual intraoperatorio. Se realiza resonancia magnética cerebral con gadolinio que muestra extensas zonas de isquemia cortical, de tálamos y leve de tallo cerebral, con electroencefalograma que demuestra actividad epiléptica bajo coma barbitúrico con mioclonías generalizadas.

CONCLUSIONES:
Al analizarse críticamente la clínica, los hallazgos paraclínicos, el estado de conciencia persistente comatoso y la actividad convulsiva con mioclonías, se confirma el diagnóstico de mioclonías posthipóxicas asociadas a estatus epiléptico superrefractario.
The relationship between bone mineral density and hematological parameters in the geriatric age group
Authors: ÖNALAN Erhan , GOKALP Yusuf
Published: January 2020

Introduction: As populations gradually become older, osteoporosis manifests itself as an important public health problem. Studies have shown that inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. NLR (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) and PLR (platelet to lymphocyte ratio) are simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive markers of inflammation in malignancies and inflammatory diseases. This study aims to compare osteopenic, osteoporotic, and control subjects, who do not have other known diseases or a history of medication use, in terms of their NLR and PLR levels and evaluate the relationship between NLR, PLR levels and BMD.Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 308 patients aged 65 or above. Total bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Complete blood count (CBC), biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), glucose/lipid metabolism, and thyroid function test results were recorded.Results: The osteoporosis group demonstrated higher NLR levels compared to the osteopenic and control groups (respectively 3.58 ± 4.22, 2.64 ± 1.99, and 2.36 ± 1.39), and this relationship between the groups was found to be statistically significant (p=0.025). Our data revealed higher sedimentation values for the osteoporosis group than for the osteopenic and healthy control groups with statistical significance (p=0.011).Conclusions: The fact that individuals with geriatric osteoporosis demonstrate elevated NLR levels and that this elevation is also seen in sedimentation suggests that inflammation plays an important role in bone remodelling.
Fémale: A Mulher e a Fé
Authors: Gatinho Erlan José , Fernandes Daniel Dos Santos
Published: January 2020

O presente ensaio etnofotográfico , se intitula enquanto desta forma, pois retrata mediante a captação e registro das imagens expressas, sendo estas um texto imagético, que viabilizam ao leitor comprender a devoção e religiosidade à São Benedito, na cidade de Bragança PA. Portanto a presença da mulher nas festividades de São Benedito, bem como em toda sua religiosidade manifestada na igreja e nas realizações sacras que lá se desenvolvem é bem visibilizada cotidianamente, e até mesmo a igreja se torna símbolo dessa manifestação, quando no decorrer do, dia devotos e seguidores vão à busca de rezas, entrando e realizando pequenas orações em seu interior, ou até mesmo se benzem ao passar pela frente da porta de entrada da igreja sendo em sua maioria, segundo observado, a predominância das mulheres.
Por uma antropologia dos resíduos
Authors: Moreira Gleidson Oliveira , Moreira Cleumar De oliveira
Published: January 2020

Fundamentando-se na citação acima, apresentada nas primeiras páginas do livro “Antropologia dos Restos: da lixeira ao museu”, do antropólogo, professor na Universidade Paris-Descartes e pesquisador no Centro de Antropologia Cultural do CANHHEL (Sorbonne Paris Cité) e no Laboratório de Antropologia, História e Instituição Cultural da Universidade Federal de Pelotas no Rio Grande do Sul - LAHIC (EHESS-CNRS), Octave Debary; observamos que seus estudos debruçam-se nos interstícios da modernidade enquanto forma de observar lembranças incorporadas aos objetos, mais exatamente em seus traços, sejam eles intencionais ou não. Tal procedimento possibilita perceber como a memória coletiva está depositada nas coisas. Ante o exposto uma reflexão provocativa emerge: de onde começam os objetos e onde terminam os restos (os resíduos, o veneno, o lixo)?
Revolução, Revelação: Um desenho da pintor(a)rte à espera, na peça A Semana
Authors: Piva Bruno Leal
Published: January 2020

Resenha da peça A Semana, de E.M. de Melo Castro, datada em 1954 e revista em 1958, componente do Teatro do Homem (L)ido. O texto apresenta o contexto artístico, filosófico e cultural em que a peça encontra-se inserida, além de considerações sobre a natureza do autor como criador de uma transformação, dentro do contexto da obra, e do autor como transformado pelas circunstâncias de sua sociedade que trouxeram a obra à tona.
Doces da Resistência: A Luta pela Manutenção das Práticas Tradicionais de Produção de Doces Coloniais de Pelotas (RS)
Authors: Krone Evander
Published: January 2020

RESUMOEste trabalho procura lançar luz sobre as formas de resistência desenvolvidas por famílias rurais para garantir a manutenção das suas receitas e práticas tradicionais de produzir e de viver, em um contexto marcado pelas proibições colocadas pelos órgãos de vigilância sanitária do Estado sobre os seus modos de produzir. O trabalho toma como universo empírico de observação famílias rurais produtoras de receitas tradicionais de doces de frutas do município de Pelotas (RS). A pesquisa, realizada entre os anos de 2014 e 2018, demonstra que os sujeitos estudados buscaram desenvolver ações desviacionistas de modo a burlar o poder disciplinar do Estado, evidenciando a existência de processos de luta e resistência cultural às mudanças impostas nos modos tradicionais de produzir das famílias rurais. A abordagem metodológica da pesquisa seguiu a tradição do método etnográfico, com a realização de 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas com famílias rurais da região, aliado ao procedimento de observação participante e a realização de registros imagéticos.Palavras-chave: Resistência. Campesinato. Produtos Tradicionais. Alimentação. ABSTRACTThis paper seeks to shed light on the forms of resistance developed by rural families to guarantee the maintenance of their traditional recipes and practices of producing and living in a context marked by the prohibitions placed by the State’s health surveillance organs. The work takes as empirical universe producers of traditional recipes of fruit sweets from the municipality of Pelotas (RS). The research, conducted between 2014 and 2018, shows that the subjects studied sought to develop deviant actions to circumvent the State's disciplinary power, evidencing the existence of processes of struggle and cultural resistance to the changes imposed on the traditional ways of producing. The methodological approach followed the ethnographic method tradition, with the accomplishment of 15 semi-structured interviews with rural families of the region, besides the use of the participant observation procedure and the realization of imagery records. Keywords: Resistance. Peasantry. Traditional Products. Food.
Estar Vivo é ser Afetado: As Trajetórias Cruzadas de Plantas Alimentíceas e Seres Humanos
Authors: Altoé Isabella Machado , De Azevedo Elaine
Published: January 2020

Resumo: Ao longo da história das Ciências Sociais muitos autores se dedicaram a construir um campo da antropologia e da sociologia da alimentação, dando atenção aos modos como os seres humanos se relacionam com determinados aspectos socioculturais da comida. A fim de complementar essa abordagem com um enfoque não antropocêntrico, baseado na atenção às forças materiais e afetivas, este artigo coloca as plantas alimentícias como protagonistas da história da alimentação, sem, entretanto, excluir os seres humanos da equação. Para tanto, narra as viagens da terra ao prato de seis espécies alimentícias emblemáticas, retraçando as relações históricas entre humanos e alimentos. Amparadas em levantamento bibliográfico, o trabalho demonstra como as trajetórias de plantas alimentícias e seres humanos se afetam mutuamente, constituindo expressões indissociáveis de uma malha de vida comum. Palavras-chave: alimentação. plantas. afeto. comida. Abstract: Throughout the history of Social Sciences, many authors have attempted to build a field for Sociology and Anthropology of Food based on the ways human beings relate to sociocultural aspects of food. In order to supplement this approach with a non-anthropocentric focus, based on a renewed attention to material and affective forces, this paper puts plants that we eat at the center stage of food histories without excluding humans out of the equation. It follows the trajectories of six emblematic food species, retracing historical relations between human beings and plants in order to understand how these two elements affect each other across their living journeys. Based on literature review, the paper shows how the trajectory of plants and human beings mutually affect one another, constituting indissociable expressions of a common web of life.                                                                                                             Keywords: Eating. Food. Plants. Affection.
“Só de ver a Gente Aprende”: Uma Etnografia dos Saberes e Práticas Alimentares de Mulheres que vendem Comida em Santarém/PA
Authors: Reis Marla Elizabeth Almeida , Wiggers Raquel , Godinho Neto Solon Pessoa
Published: January 2020

RESUMO: O ato de comer e de preparar alimentos é repleto de sentidos pessoais, sociais, econômicos e psicológicos que envolvem saberes e técnicas adquiridos durante a vida e fornecem dados relevantes sobre a identidade dos povos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as escolhas alimentares que envolvem a atividade econômica de venda de comida aqui chamada de “botar banca”, desenvolvida por mulheres em bairros populares de Santarém/PA, tais como: a transmissão do conhecimento, os modos de preparar e armazenar a comida e as relações de sociabilidade em torno da banca. O botar banca é uma atividade econômica de venda de comida que ocorre em cima de uma mesa de madeira posicionada em frente à casa das vendedoras. Essa pesquisa se mostra relevante por se propor a analisar, a partir do “botar banca”, como hábitos alimentares que se constituem no silêncio das cozinhas falam sobre modos de vida, organização social e a identidade da população local. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Venda de comida. Santarém. Trabalho. Mulheres. Etnografia ABSTRACT: The act of eating and preparing food is full of personal, social, economic and psychological meanings that involve knowledges and techniques acquired during life and provide relevant data about peoples' identities. The purpose of this article is to analyze the food choices that involve the economic activity of selling food here called “botar banca”, developed by women in low class neighborhoods of Santarém/PA, such as: the transmission of knowledge, the ways of preparing and storing food, and social relations around the selling table. Botar banca is a food selling economic activity that takes place on a wooden table in front of the sellers' house. This research proves its relevance by aiming to analyze, through the “botar banca”, how eating habits that take place in the silence of kitchens talk about ways of life, social organization and the identity of the local population.KEYWORDS: Food selling. Santarem. Work. Women. Ethnography
A Vida Social das PANC: Um Estudo Etnográfico em Feiras Ecológicas de Porto Alegre
Authors: Tomaz do Amaral Ribeiro Renata , Menasche Renata
Published: January 2020

RESUMO: Este é um estudo etnográfico sobre o cultivo, o consumo e a comercialização de Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC). Nos últimos anos, com a crescente visibilidade dessas plantas, famílias rurais de diferentes territórios — que muitas vezes já as consomem cotidiana e tradicionalmente — vêm intensificando sua comercialização em feiras. Nesse processo, determinadas plantas expressam uma ambiguidade: ser ou não ser PANC. Isso porque tornam-se emblemáticas do conceito ao alcançarem visibilidade na mídia, na academia e nas feiras ecológicas justamente por serem, em alguns territórios, associadas a práticas e saberes tradicionais e cotidianos que envolvem seu cultivo e consumo. Desta forma, o que é percebido como comida para determinados sujeitos ganha evidência como PANC. Nesse contexto, buscamos refletir sobre a vida social das PANC, observada a partir de sua circulação nas feiras ecológicas do Bom Fim e da Tristeza, em Porto alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Palavras-chave: PANC. Cultura Alimentar. Comida. Feira. Consumo.  ABSTRACT: This is an ethnographic study on the cultivation, consumption and commercialization of Unconventional Food Plants (UFP). Due to these plants increasing visibility in the last few years, rural families from different territories that often have already been eating UFP routinely and traditionally, have started to intensify their commercialization in markets. During this process, some plants express ambiguity: are they UFP or not? This is because they become emblematic of concept attributed to them by their visibility in the media, in the academy and in ecological markets, because, in some territories, UFP are associated with practices and both traditional and everyday knowledge involving their cultivation and consumption. This way what is perceived as food by certain people gains evidenced as UFP. In this context, we seek to reflect upon the UFP’s social life, observed through their circulation in the ecological markets in Bom Fim and Tristeza, in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Keywords: UFP. Food Culture. Food. Market. Consumption.
Encontros e Comensalidade nos Quilombos: O Devir Quilombo
Authors: Lourenço Sonia Regina
Published: January 2020

Resumo: Este artigo se propõe a explorar a possibilidade de pensar a comensalidade como uma prática de produção do parentesco em alguns contextos quilombolas no território de Chapada dos Guimarães. Para tal, parte de contextos etnográficos das festas de santo e da perspectiva quilombola acerca das práticas coletivas de trabalho, trocas e comensalidades. Visa, sobretudo, mostrar como os quilombos se recriam em territórios existenciais em contextos de negação de sua existência como sujeitos. Quilombo é um devir. Palavras-chave:  Quilombo; Comensalidade; Chapada dos Guimarães.  Abstract: This article aims to explore the possibility of thinking of commensality as a kinship production practice in some quilombola contexts in the territory of Chapada dos Guimarães. To this end, it starts from the ethnographic contexts of the feasts of santo and the quilombola perspective about the collective practices of work, exchanges and commensalities. Above all, it aims to show how quilombos recreate themselves in existential territories in contexts of denial of their existence as subjects. Quilombo is a becoming.Keywords: Quilombo, Commensality; Chapada dos Guimarães.
Pratiques et Significations de L’activité Culinaire : Une Approche Comparative entre des Femmes Françaises et Brésiliennes
Authors: Gaspar Maria Clara De Moraes Prata , Verthein Ursula
Published: January 2020

RésuméL’activité culinaire est un aspect fondamental des modèles alimentaires. Il s’agit d’une activité intégrée à un système symbolique, qui est expérimentée et signifiée différemment selon les circonstances temporales et socioculturelles. Dans la contemporanéité le rapport à l’activité culinaire s’est transformé. Parmi les phénomènes impliqués, des transformations spatio-temporelles se sont opérées, créant une tension entre le global et le local, entre uniformisation et diversification des normes, représentations et pratiques alimentaires et culinaires à l’échelle planétaire. Dans ce contexte, l’étude comparative de modèles alimentaires permet de comprendre ce qui est propre à chaque contexte et/ou ce qui est partagé par des mangeurs issus de réalités socioculturelles distinctes. Cette étude analyse les pratiques et significations de l’activité culinaire chez des françaises et brésiliennes, à partir d’une approche qualitative et comparative basée sur des observations et entretiens semi-directifs. Les résultats révèlent l’existence de grilles distinctes afin d’expérimenter, d’organiser et de signifier l’activité culinaire, s’inscrivant dans des contextes marqués par différents processus historiques et socioculturels.Mots clés : Activité culinaire. Significations du culinaire. Modèle alimentaire. Etude qualitative. Etude comparative.  AbstractCulinary activity is a fundamental aspect of food models. It is an activity integrated into a symbolic system, which is experienced and signified differently according to temporal and socio-cultural circumstances. In contemporaneity the relationship to culinary activity has changed. Among the phenomena involved, spatio-temporal transformations took place, creating a tension between the global and the local, between standardization and diversification of food/culinary norms, representations and practices on a planetary scale. In that context, a comparative study of food models permits to comprehend what is specific to each context and/or what is shared by eaters from distinct socio-cultural realities. The present study seeks to understand the practices and meanings concerning culinary activity among French and Brazilian women. A comparative and qualitative approach based on observations and semi-structured interviews was set up. The results reveal the existence of distinct grids to experiment, organize and signify culinary activity, in contexts marked by different historical and sociocultural processes.Keywords: Culinary activity. Culinary meanings. Food model. Qualitative study. Comparative study.
Sabores da memória e da tradição em Baú de ossos, de Pedro Nava
Authors: Gabriel Maria Alice Ribeiro
Published: January 2020

Resumo: A natureza e disponibilidade de fontes primárias ainda é matéria controversa para antropólogos, sociólogos e historiadores voltados ao tema da alimentação como prática cultural e social, a princípio, por motivo de muitas dessas fontes serem inacessíveis, escassas ou inexistentes. Este estudo pretende distinguir as Memórias de Pedro Nava como relevante fonte de pesquisa para a história e sociologia da alimentação.O objetivo é examinar de modo comparativo excertos de Baú de ossos (1972) relacionando-os a obras de Edison Carneiro, Jean-Pierre Poulain, Câmara Cascudo, Gilberto Freyre, Robert Zussman e às reminiscências de Joaquim Manuel de Macedo, José de Alencar e Renato Almeida. A análise indica que memórias podem gerar ampla base de informes, fontes e dados ao pesquisador e historiador da alimentação.Palavras-chave: Pedro Nava. Memórias. Culinária. Alimentação.  Abstract: The nature and availability of primary sources remains a controversial subject for anthropologists, sociologists and historians devoted to the theme of food as cultural and social practice, due to the previous inaccessibility of many of these sources, that may be scarce or non-existent. The aim of this study is to distinguish Pedro Nava’s Memoirs as a revelevant source of research to explore the history and sociology of food. The objective is to examine comparatively excerpts of Baú de ossos (1972) in relation to the works of Edison Carneiro, Jean-Pierre Poulain, Câmara Cascudo, Gilberto Freyre, Robert Zussman and the literary reminiscences of Joaquim Manuel de Macedo, José de Alencar and Renato Almeida. The analysis indicates that memoirs can display a wide range of data, information and sources for the food historian and researcher.Keywords: Pedro Nava. Memoirs. Culinary. Feeding.
“Comida Rápida, igual o Rodízio de Atendentes”: Narrativas de Ex-Funcionários/as de um Restaurante Fast-Food
Authors: Carolino Aline Dos Santos
Published: January 2020

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as narrativas de ex-funcionários/as enquanto trabalhadores de um dos restaurantes fast-food. A partir do viés antropológico, busca-se compreender como acontece o processo de produção da comida; o “adestramento” dos/as funcionários/as. As relações que se criam no estabelecimento: entre os/as funcionários/as e entre funcionários/as e o lanche. Também são abordadas as dificuldades, tais como: a precariedade do ambiente e o esgotamento emocional. Foi realizada entrevista com dois ex-funcionários/as e revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema. O artigo conclui que trabalhar no restaurante foi uma experiência difícil para ambos/as, uma vez que forneceu aos funcionários/as poucas opções de melhoria de cargo; insatisfação emocional e instabilidade. Palavras-chave: Alimentação. Fast-food. Precariedade. Jovens. Trabalho. “FAST FOOD, LIKE THE ROTATION OF ATTENDANTS”:  NARRATIVES OF FORMER EMPLOYEES OF A FAST-FOOD RESTAURANT Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze the narratives of former employees as workers in one of the fast food restaurants. From the anthropological bias, seeks to understand how the food production process occurs; the training of former employees. The relationships that are created in the establishment: between employees and between employees and the snack. Difficulties are also addressed, such as: precariousness and emotional stress. An interview was conducted with two former employees and a bibliographic review on the topic. The article concludes that working in the restaurant was a difficult experience as it provided employees with few job enhancement options; emotional dissatisfaction and instability. Keywords: Food. Fast-food. Precarious. Young adults. Labor.
“A Mulher é mais Delicada”: Um Estudo sobre a Associação da Figura Feminina à Área de Confeitaria Profissional
Authors: Santos Letícia Madeira de Castro , Minuzzo Daniela Alves
Published: January 2020

RESUMO Há uma estreita relação das mulheres com a produção de alimentos, suscitando debates acerca dessa relação, dentre elas uma suposta propensão a realizar determinados trabalhos na cozinha por associação com estereótipos ligados ao gênero feminino, como é o caso da confeitaria. O principal objetivo, portanto, foi analisar a associação entre a figura feminina e a área de confeitaria profissional. O trabalho discutiu questões de gênero e construção da mulher, passando pelo machismo na cozinha profissional e a relação da mulher com a confeitaria. A partir da análise do conteúdo de entrevistas realizadas com sete profissionais da área de cozinha e confeitaria, verificou-se questões relativas à divisão sexual do trabalho, raça e gênero, associação do homem confeiteiro à homossexualidade, discutidos com base em conceitos de Pierre Bourdieu, como o poder simbólico, a violência simbólica e o habitus. Observou-se uma associação estereotipada de gênero, reconhecendo-se a necessidade de uma remodelação dessas relações de representação feminina na área de gastronomia profissional.Palavras-chave: Confeitaria. Feminismo. Cozinha profissional. Divisão sexual do trabalho. “WOMEN ARE MORE DELICATE”: a study on the association of female figure to the field of professional confectionary arts ABSTRACTThere is a close relation of women and food production, rising debates around it, among those a supposed propensity for some kinds of labor on gastronomy by association with gender steriotypes, such as on the field of professional confectionary arts. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to analyze the association made between the feminine figure and the field of professional confectionary arts. The article discusses gender issues and the social construction of women, passing through machismo at professional kitchen and women at confectionary field. Based on the content analysis of interviews with seven kitchen and confectionery professionals, questions related to the sexual division of labor, race and gender, confectioner's association with homosexuality were observed. The discussion was based on Pierre Bourdieu concepts including symbolic power, symbolic violence and the habitus. A gender stereotypical association was observed, recognizing the need for a remodeling of these relationships of female representation in the area of professional gastronomy.Keywords: Confectionary arts. Feminism. Professional kitchen. Sexual division of labor.
Comer não Significa Matar a Fome
Authors: Zaia Uesley Henrique , Bortnowska Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

RESUMO: O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as percepções dos cinco sentidos em pacientes com disfagia, através da sua alimentação. Durante o processo de envelhecimento o ser humano, pode sofrer com a aceitação da alimentação pela influência de aspectos relacionados aos sintomas das doenças, das modificações de consistência da dieta, das restrições de ingredientes. Com base nessas informações, deve-se compreender que alimentos precisam ser atraentes por componentes, como o sabor e a aparência, pois o ato de estar ao redor da mesa é um ato social e necessário seja qual for a idade. Esse trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa que utilizou técnicas de observação com abordagem qualitativa, entre outros procedimentos metodológicos: o método indutivo, a pesquisa exploratória, a pesquisa descritiva e bibliográfica. Tendo como base os relatos de colaboradores de uma Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPIs) localizada na grande Florianópolis SC.Palavras-chave: Disfagia. Cognição. Alimentação. ABSTRACT: The present study aims to analyze the perceptions of the five senses in patients with dysphagia; it is based on the variety of foods that people are accostumed to ingest. During the aging process, the human being can find it difficult to accept some kinds of foods; considering the aspects related to the symptoms of conditions, such as disphagia, diet changes and ingredients restrictions. Based on this information, it should be understood that food has to be appealing for their characteristics, such as taste and appearance. This work is the result of a research that was made by observation techniques with a qualitative approach, and other methodological procedures: the inductive method, exploratory research, descriptive and bibliographic research. The research was also based on the reports of employees from one of some Long-Stay Institutions for the Elderly, (LSIE) located in Florianopolis SC.Keywords: Dysphagia. Cognition. Nourishment.
Seeds of memory, Memory of Seeds
Authors: Basilio Raul
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This interview approaches the work and career of the anthropologist Virginia Nazarea, and her work with the interconnectivity of memory, identity and food. The anthropological research exposes the relation between people's perception of their environment and biodiversity, and how personal identities come from such context.Keywords: memory. agriculture. biodiversity. conservation of knowledge.  Resumo: Esta entrevista aborda o trabalho e carreira da antropóloga Virginia Nazarea, e seu trabalho com a interconectividade de memória, identidade e alimentos. A pesquisa antropológica expõe a relação entre a percepção das pessoas quanto ao seu ambiente e a biodiversidade, e como identidades pessoais surgem desse contexto.Palavras chave: memória. agricultura. biodiversidade. conservação de conhecimento.
VIGILANTE GROUPS AND POLICING IN A DEMOCRATIZING NIGERIA: NAVIGATING THE CONTEXT AND ISSUES
Authors: Basiru Adeniyi S. , Osunkoya Olusesan A.
Published: January 2020

Nos últimos anos, grupos de vigilantes e outras estruturas informais de policiamento assumiram um papel maior na arquitetura de segurança de muitos países, especialmente aqueles que saíram da ordem autoritária. Apesar deste desenvolvimento, no entanto, questões e preocupações são constantemente levantadas sobre se eles realmente poderiam ser agentes do policiamento democrático contra o pano de fundo de sua propensão para violações de direitos humanos e assassinatos extrajudiciais. É contra esse cenário que este artigo examina o balanço de grupos de vigilantes em uma Nigéria em democratização. Após uma extensa revisão da literatura existente sobre grupos policiais, de policiamento, de vigilantismo e grupos de vigilantes, bem como estudos relevantes sobre grupos vigilantes na Nigéria, observa-se que ao contrário da prática em democracias liberais, onde grupos de vigilantes, - em conduta e prática - , seguem os princípios do estado de direito e constitucionalismo, o oposto é o caso de uma Nigéria em democratização Argumenta-se e conclui-se que enquanto os grupos de vigilantes, como os estabelecimentos formais de policiamento, continuam sendo instrumentos de intimidação política de opositores políticos pelos políticos que os controlam; o terreno do vigilantismo continuaria a ser no reino da "anocracia".
Revisión: estimación de deficiencias en la calidad del huevo
Authors: Nieto Sánchez Iván Camilo , Mora Alfonso July Natalia
Published: January 2020

En el siguiente artículo se realizará un análisis del estado del arte, respecto al uso de la tecnología para identificar factores que afectan la calidad del huevo, tales como fisuras en la cáscara, problemas asociados a sus condiciones de sostenimiento, alimentación, sistemas de recolección, entre otros. Para ello, fue necesario consultar diferentes publicaciones a nivel nacional e internacional, permitiendo una contextualización adecuada del sector donde se desarrolla el proyecto. Por otra parte, esta revisión encontró algunos casos de éxito a nivel nacional e internacional, relacionados con el tema objeto de esta investigación, identificando sus fortalezas, debilidades, problemas encontrados y soluciones planteadas, obteniendo como resultado referente válidos para el desarrollo del proyecto.