bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of gluten-free flour mixture and burdock root on organoleptic characteristics and porosity of bread
Authors: Boev Sergey , Varavin Vladimir , Trubnikov Vladimir , Grashkov Sergei , Eskov Dmitry
Published: June 2023

The paper considers the possibilities of using vegetable raw materials - burdock root flour with the addition of psyllium and a gluten-free mixture in the manufacture of enriched gluten-free bread, and their influence on the quality indicators of the obtained samples. To achieve this goal the obtained samples of gluten-free enriched bread, obtained with the introduction of various concentrations of flour from burdock root and gluten-free flour mixture containing psyllium - psyllium seed husk, were studied. Flour from burdock root and psyllium was added in the amount of 5-15% by weight of the gluten-free flour mixture directly with the replacement of the mixture during flour kneading. To study the obtained samples, organoleptic studies were used. The results obtained showed that when adding the burdock root additive, the porosity decreases in comparison with the control sample. The obtained values of the decrease in porosity in the control and sample 1 correspond to the standard values. Considering that the sample with the replacement of the main raw material with 5% burdock root additive is the best in terms of organoleptic indicators, it can be concluded that this concentration is optimal for using the introduced products for enrichment when obtaining gluten-free bread.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the use of a new plant functional additive in the production technology of frozen chopped semi-finished products
Authors: Slozhenkina Marina I. , Karpenko Ekaterina V. , Knyazhechenko Olga A. , Glebova Kseniya S. , Abramenko Elena G. , Mosolov Alexander A.
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of studies of the protein and fat composition of frozen chopped semi-finished products with a new plant functional additive in the field of their quantitative determination, and also describes the functional and technological properties of the additive based on the results of the study. The authors experimentally studied the amino acid composition of chopped semi-finished products. In addition, the article describes the technological scheme of frozen chopped semi-finished products with a new vegetable functional additive and presents the output of these meat products. For laboratory studies, three samples with a given formulation were developed to determine the effect of a new plant functional additive on the nutrients of chopped semi-finished products. Also, the amino acid composition of a new plant functional supplement consisting of 14 amino acids was studied.
Application of Siliplant in the technology of growing potato minitubers in protected soil conditions
Authors: Uromova Irina , Kozlov Аndrey , Koposova Nataliya , Dedyura Irina , Novik Irina , Zhadaev Artyom
Published: June 2023

Under greenhouse conditions the effect of silicon-containing preparation with complex action, capable of simultaneously stimulating plant ontogenesis, photosynthetic processes and increasing the productivity and quality of plants was studied. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of the silicon-containing preparation Siliplant on the productivity and quality of minitubers of early maturity potato varieties Vineta in the system of virus-free (original) potato seed production. Results demonstrated that Siliplant causes an increase in biometric and physiological parameters such as plant height (by 5.7%), the number of stems in the bush (by 30%), weight of roots (by 16.7%), leaf area (by 23.7%), net photosynthetic productivity (by 37%) compared with the control variant.Root treatments with the preparation increased the yield by 19.3 % and the multiplication factor by 20.0 % compared to the control. Also, the use of Siliplant contributed to a slight increase in quality indicators (17.7 - 2.5 %), respectively, compared to the control. Thus, the use of Siliplant in the double root treatment of potato microplants in protected soil conditions is a promising agricultural technique in the conditions of Nizhny Novgorod region, allowing to increase the productivity of photosynthesis, yields and its quality.
Information technology for culling poultry eggs before incubation based on gender
Authors: Aleynikov Alexander , Osipenko Ivan
Published: June 2023

The necessity of rejection of poultry eggs by sex before their incubation is shown. The main methods for assessing the sexual dimorphism of bird eggs are considered, for the suitability of their use for evaluating bird eggs by sex before incubation. A hypothesis is presented about the presence of asymmetry of chicken eggs in spatial coordinates in bird eggs with male and female embryos A set of programs has been developed to confirm this hypothesis in studies to assess the sexual dimorphism of bird eggs before incubation. The results of testing the complex on a batch of eggs of hens of the breed Hisex white are given.
Practical aspects of the implementation of logical control programs for technological equipment of digital agriculture using the mathematical apparatus of difference equations
Authors: Nezhmetdinov Ramil , Uygun Urinov , Yuldoshev Mirzobek
Published: June 2023

The emergence of new types of hardware devices for digitization of agriculture and the development of the software base and new approaches to the design of logical control systems cause a problem of changing the methodology of construction. One of the main issues is the formalization of the design stages of the mathematical apparatus of difference equations. The article is devoted to the implementation of programs for logical control of technological equipment using the mathematical apparatus of difference equations. The results obtained while working on the article will allow formalizing the process of designing logical control systems, taking into account the specifics presented by the control object.
Intelligent control of gas separation during nitric acid production
Authors: Sattarov Olim
Published: June 2023

The article considers the possibilities of modeling the characteristics of gas absorption and cooling processes in the production of nitric acid and controlling this process using the radial basis function and neural networks of direct connection. When training a neural network, the input and output results are obtained from the material balance tables and properties of the absorbing column model to train the network with values. The results obtained using neural network models are mainly compared with the results obtained from modeling books. The result obtained shows that relatively simple neural network models can be used to simulate the stationary state of an absorption column. Using modeling, we will see how the neural network type allows the use of modern management methods.
Ways to automate and digitalize agriculture by building temporary research centers
Authors: Vasilevsky Vladislav V. , Zhuravlev Roman R. , Kulagin Ivan S. , Subbotin Artem S.
Published: June 2023

This article is devoted to the ways of automation and digitalization of agriculture through the construction of temporary research centers. The study reveals the problems associated with population growth and their increased demand for agricultural products, which can be solved by automation; organization of applied scientific research, the problems of which will be solved in temporarily built SRC. Automation of agriculture is the use and implementation of automated systems that can partially or completely remove workers from the daily key tasks of checking, adjusting, and inspecting produce during production. This article concludes with the main advantages in building research centers, which will have a positive impact on the agro-industrial complex and increase the number of scientific personnel in the agricultural industry.
Comparative analysis of the implementation of parallel algorithms on the central processors of automation systems in agriculture
Authors: Rakhimov Bakhtiyar S. , Sobirova Sabokhat K. , Rakhimova Feroza B. , Allayarova Asal A. , Saidov Atabek B. , Saidova Zarina B.
Published: June 2023

The article presents a comparative analysis of the implementation of parallel algorithms on the central processors of automation systems in agriculture. Modern automation systems impose increased requirements on the reliability of the implementation of parallel algorithms in real time. It is proposed to use models for the development, analysis and comparison of parallel algorithms on GPUs. The proposed model of parallel computing on GPUs is designed to simplify the development of parallel algorithms for a heterogeneous CPU-GPU environment. Those, with this model, you can: develop parallel algorithms that use data parallelism, while applying the existing experience in creating parallel algorithms for the PRAM machine; evaluate the running time of the parallel algorithm and analyze which part of it is the most resource-intensive and requires optimization; compare parallel algorithms according to some parameters of the model, and, if required, select the best one according to these parameters in real time for automation in agriculture.
The use of information technology in the design of chippers for the production of technological chips
Authors: Sivakov Vladimir , Gryadunov Sergey , Buglaev Anatoliy , Lushpaeva Maria , Timokhova Oksana , Makarov Vladimir
Published: June 2023

Currently, there is an acute problem of reducing the harmful effects of humans on the environment, the introduction of resource-saving technologies that allow the maximum use of natural raw materials with a minimum percentage of waste. In the production of products at wood working and sawmill enterprises, a large amount of wood waste is generated that requires either disposal or use for the production of wood chips and shavings used in the production of chipboard, OSB boards, fuel briquettes and pellets. Processing of wood waste is carried out in various chippers of a stationary and mobile type, while it must be taken into account that a large amount of wood waste is generated in cutting areas, lower warehouses of enterprises, therefore, mobile chippers must be used for their processing. Given that the diameter of the chipping disc can exceed 1000 mm at a speed of up to 1500 rpm, during the operation of the chipper, significant loads on the working tool and vibration occur, which can lead to its failure. Vibration during the operation of the chipper can be the result of both design errors and occur when the cutting knives are blunt.
Effect of cabbage species on CO2 emission from soils in case of short-term green manuring of fallow fields in the Baikal region
Authors: Sokolova Lada G. , Zorina Svetlana Yu. , Pomortsev Anatolii V. , Dorofeev Nikolay V.
Published: June 2023

The formation of the seasonal CO2 flux depending on the species of cabbage crops used for short-term summer green manuring of the fallow field in the Baikal forest-steppe zone was studied. In field experiments on gray forest soil during the warm season, CO2 emission rates per day were measured in options with white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and oil radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleifera Metzg). The black follow served as the control. The total CO2 flux from the soil was calculated by identifying different periods in the fallow treatment technology (before sowing green manure crops, vegetation, and the period after biomass plowing). An increase in the intensity of CO2 release from the soil after the plowing of green mass was revealed. The enhancement of mineralization processes due to the newly received organic matter of mustard biomass was 27-100%, and radish - 48-142% in relation to the black fallow. The CO2 emission data corresponded with the yield and quality indicators of the studied cabbage crops. It has been established that from the position of regulation of carbon dioxide fluxes, the use of white mustard for short-term green manure in the conditions of the region is more expedient than oil radish.
The results of the study of obtaining alternative fuels from biowaste in the experimental pyrolysis device
Authors: Rustamov Sukhrob , Uzakov Gulom , Davlonov Khayrulla
Published: June 2023

The research presents the thermal processing of agricultural biowaste based on the pyrolysis device and the process of obtaining energy fuels. These energy fuels can be effectively used in the energy system of households, industry and greenhouses. The resulting fuels are considered environmentally friendly and help to solve problems such as environmental pollution, CO2 emissions, and dependence on oil and natural resources. In the study, the results of pyrolysis of different types of biowaste at a temperature of up to 400 0C were obtained. The quantity, characteristics and factors affecting gas, bio-oil, and bio-coal fuel released from biomass were carried out on the basis of scientific and theoretical analyses.
Improving the design of sewing machine elements for the environmentally sustainable development of the light industry
Authors: Mansurova Мunisa , Djuraev Аnvar , Saidova Gulchiroy
Published: June 2023

Modern tasks of environmentally sustainable development of light industry require continuous improvement of the design of sewing equipment elements. Textile production is one of the key components of the light industry, therefore, innovative developments in the design of sewing equipment elements allow the deployment of green technologies throughout the industry. Moreover, emissions from light industry, as a rule, are easier to reduce precisely from a technological point of view, by improving the design of sewing machine elements and using environmentally friendly textile materials. An analysis of the constructive features of devices for the folding the sewn materials on a sewing machine is given in the article. A constructive scheme and the principle of operation of the improved construction of the ratchet of the device for obtaining various forms of folds of materials are presented. The construction of the folding device with different pitches and shapes of materials on the sewing machine has been recommended. The methods of profiling the curvilinear working areas of the ratchet wheels of the device has been substantiated.
Production algorithm of modified nutrition for paulownia with an increased sequestration of carbon in a carbon poligon environment using a multistage plug flow reactor
Authors: Bamatov Dzhabrail M. , Matygov Movsar M. , Dzhamalova Ayshat Z.
Published: June 2023

The aim of the paper was to introduce an algorithm by which a production method of any complex liquid solution can be done using a multistage plug flow reactor from “Innovative Engineering”. The example given in the paper is a modified nutrition for Paulownia with an increased sequestration potential of carbon in carbon polygon environment. The multistage plug flow reactor is designed to continuously mix liquids in order to create a complex solution consistent of up to 7 components if only one reactor is used. If multiple reactors are used in connection, then it is possible to create a solution that is even more complex. The modified nutrition solution for paulownia that increases sequestration of carbon is then created using the reactor. In this work the step-by-step algorithm is given to create the nutrition solution and the efficiency comparison of the methods of using multistage plug flow reactor and traditional methods is given based upon the optimal criteria.
National water policy of Tajikistan in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Odinaev Khayot , Hushvakhtzoda Kobiljon , Arabov Firdavs , Sodicov Kurbomad
Published: June 2023

This article discusses the main problems and trends in the formation of a national water policy during the period of state independence, highlights the features and key directions for optimizing national and regional water use, gives a brief description of the main parameters of the national water policy, characterizes global water initiatives, clarifies the main tasks and priorities for their implementation, the need to develop a global long-term comprehensive plan for managing the water crisis and its strategic directions is noted, the need for a transition to a sustainable water use model that allows maximum consideration of the economic, social and environmental aspects of sustainable development of individual countries and the region as a whole is substantiated, the importance of coordinating the parameters of national water policy with the tasks and the priorities of global water initiatives, the most profitable areas for optimizing water use in agricultural sectors have been identified, energy, water and sanitation, ecosystem services, melting glaciers, and the interdependence of water and sustainable development.
The choice of spectral ranges of registration for the fluorescent method for detecting leaks in oil pipelines at an excitation wavelength of 355 nm
Authors: Belov Mikhail , Nguyen Minh Bach
Published: June 2023

Mathematical modeling was carried out based on the experimentally measured fluorescence spectra of oil, vegetation and water to select the most effective spectral registration ranges for the fluorescent method for detecting oil leaks at an excitation wavelength of 355 nm. The results of mathematical modeling show that the probabilities of correct detection and false alarms for the problem of detecting oil leaks significantly depend on the type of oil and, accordingly, on the spectral channels selected for monitoring. For reliable detection of oil spills against the background of vegetation or water bodies, two or three spectral channels must be used. The highest probabilities of correct detection (>0.999) and small probabilities of false alarms (<0.04) can be achieved for oils with intensity maxima of laser-induced fluorescent radiation at wavelengths of ~ 420 and 550 nm (when using two spectral channels) and for oils with fluorescence intensity maximum at a wavelength of ~510 nm (when using three spectral channels). For oils with a maximum fluorescence intensity at a wavelength of about 475 nm (when using three spectral channels), the results are worse, although they remain acceptable (at a measurement noise of 10%, the probability of correct detection and false alarms, respectively, 0.94 and 0.11).
The usage of ditch water for irrigation
Authors: Khudaev Ismayil J. , Temirov Rustam
Published: June 2023

The paper gives recommendations on the use of mineralized collector water as an additional water resource reserve. The introduction of elements of irrigation techniques are developed taking into account the mechanical composition of the soil, the regime of seepage water and the slope of the field. The results of the research made it possible to save up to 15% of irrigation water. In the period of water shortage, the technology of using mineralized collector water with ditch water was used on cotton fields. As a result of using collector water as an additional source of water in farm fields it was possible to save river water by 50%.
Elimination of uncertainties in solving the problems of ensuring the profitability of hydraulic fracturing using FiberFrac technology
Authors: Yarkeeva Natalya , Imangulov Dinis , Samigullin Linar
Published: June 2023

The main type of geological and technical measures in the oil fields of Western Siberia today is hydraulic fracturing. The widespread use of this method of intensifying oil production is due to its undeniable advantages over other technologies. However, hydraulic fracturing is not without significant drawbacks - clogging of the bottomhole zone with proppant and products of chemical reactions, as well as premature watering of well products. All of the above is the reason for the relevance of improving this event. The FiberFrac technology is proposed, the essence of which is to add the chemical reagent of the same name to the process fluid with further formation of a reinforcing mesh in the last one. The purpose of the article is to study the features of the physico-chemical properties of the FiberFrac solution using the analysis of geological and field data, to evaluate the technical and economic efficiency of the application of this measure based on the correlation analysis of statistical data and the calculation of economic efficiency using the discount method, to substantiate the advantages of FiberFrac over the standard operation hydraulic fracturing.
Phosphorus-containing lime-ammonium nitrate for agrochemical efficiency of crops
Authors: Namazov Shafoaat , Kushokov Jamoliddin , Mamataliyev Abdurasul , Buriyev Sayfutdin , Nabiyev Abduraxim
Published: June 2023

When obtaining samples of phosphorus-containing lime-ammonium nitrate (LAN) the mass ratio ammonium nitrate (AN) : dolomite mineral (DM) : ordinary phosphate rock (OPR) varied from 100 : 0.5 : 0.5 to 100 : 25 : 25. The prilling method was used to granulate the nitrate-carbonate-phosphate melt. It is shown that the saltpeter melt activates carbonate and phosphate raw materials, that is, it converts the structure of P2O5, CaO and MgO, which is not assimilated in it, into a form that is assimilable for plants. The additives (DM, OPR) significantly reduce caking, porosity and absorption in relation to liquid fuel and increase the strength of fertilizer granules.
Simulation of mixing and crushing of liquid at the initial site by a high-temperature gas flow
Authors: Narziev Mirzo , Jumaev Jura
Published: June 2023

A mathematical model of mixing and crushing of a liquid at the initial site of a device for supplying a solution with a high-temperature gas flow has been developed. The process of mixing and crushing using the energy of hot water vapor, cotton oil misc when it is fed to the final distillation process is considered. An analytical method for calculating the actual size of the initial section of the nozzle for the supply of solution has been developed. Based on the initial data of the process of final distillation of cotton oil misc in production, by methods of mathematical modeling of the hydrodynamics of phases, the radii of the nozzle nozzle for hot steam and liquid, the location of the location of the liquid input into the steam stream are theoretically determined. The dimensions of the mixing chamber and the length of the initial section are determined. The initial parameters of the main and passive flows are proposed based on the conditions of liquid crushing by the Weber and Reynolds criteria.
Optimization of the extraction process of Pinus sylvestris L. pine bark with monoethanolamine
Authors: Fedorov Vladimir S. , Ryazanova Tatyana V.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the results of optimizing the process of extraction of the bark of Pinus sylvestris L. Scotch pine. The input parameters were the duration of the process and the concentration of the monoethanolamine solution. The experimental data were processed using the STATGRAPHICS® Centurion software package. It has been established that the maximum extraction of extractive substances occurs when the duration of the extraction process is 5 hours with a concentration of monoethanolamine of 5%.
Investigation of phthalocyanine diamidophosphate-nickel by thermal analysis
Authors: Yusupov Muzafar , Kadirkhanov Jamshid
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the synthesis of a new type of pigment - nickel phthalocyanine diphosphate (DAPNiPc), which contains macroheterocyclic compounds. The influence of the method of obtaining a pigment in the liquid and solid phases on its physicochemical properties and intensity has been studied. The gross formula of the pigment is given and the areas of its practical application are shown. Thermal analysis on a Setaram LabSys Evo instrument (France) was used to study the thermal stability of a highly intense pigment of the organic nickel phthalocyanine pigment, which was compared with the closest analog, the copper phthalocyanine pigment. Thermal studies of exothermic and endothermic processes were carried out in the temperature range of 100-500 °C. The results of the mass loss of the pigment upon heating are presented. It is shown that, due to the content of phosphorus-containing compounds, the synthesized pigment has high heat resistance and intensity.
Geometric parameters and wear resistance of cam profile of a gas distribution mechanism
Authors: Irgashev Amirkul , Mirzaev Najmiddin , Kurbonov Behzod
Published: June 2023

The paper analyzes the components of the cam profile of a camshaft of an internal combustion engine. The authors developed the method of calculating the width and area of contact, as well as the degree of slippage occurring in the friction pair consisting of a cam and tappet sleeve, resistance to wear of the cam profile, depending on the roughness of the friction surfaces working in the lubricating medium. Studying the wear on the profile of the cam in parts shows that uneven wear occurs along its surface. The values of the parameters affecting the wear process are shown by choosing the wearing environment on the surface of the cam. The trends of changes in the amount of wear in the profile of the cam are presented in the form of a table in the generalized case, and the final conclusions are reached based on the calculation results.
Simulation of a tubular cultivator rack of tillage machines under static and dynamic loads
Authors: Pirogov Sergey P. , Cherentsov Dmitry A. , Ustinov Nikolay N. , Martynenko Alexander S.
Published: June 2023

Curved tubes of non-circular cross section are widely used in various fields of technology. The change in the planned operating modes of various technological processes is associated with the wear of the executing mechanisms, which is caused by unstable frequencies and amplitudes of oscillations. Thus, the issue of determining the oscillation parameters of these elements becomes more significant. The technique and results of tests for stresses, displacements and frequencies of natural oscillations of a tubular cultivator tine made in the form of a curved tube of various sections (mainly flat-oval with an inverse ratio of semiaxes) in the ANSYS software package are presented, the maximum allowable loads and the effect of a rigid tip on oscillation frequencies are determined.
Determination of measurement errors when testing YAMZ engines
Authors: Leonov Oleg , Shkaruba Nina , Temasova Galina , Vergazova Yulia , Leonov Dmitry
Published: June 2023

Internal combustion engine testing after repair work is a modern and up-to-date type of repair quality analysis. Normalization of measurement errors of controlled quantities plays an important role in the process of testing and checking engine parameters. The article defines the measurement errors of a number of values controlled during the testing of YAMZ diesel engines, which allow you to select the appropriate control and measuring devices. Formulas and equations used to process the data obtained during the tests are also considered. The list of controlled parameters has been updated based on the current standards.
Tension testing of steel welded belts of the saw gaskets of a linter machine
Authors: Ibragimov Farhod , Abzoirov Ortiq , Zhamolova Lola
Published: June 2023

The results of tensile testing of steel welded belts of saw blades of a linter machine are presented in the article. A universal testing machine was used to find the tensile stability of steel welded belts of saw gaskets of a linter machine. The results of tensile tests on the study of steel welded belts of gaskets with a thickness of 1.5 mm and 2 mm using electric arc welding and kemppi welding (a carbon dioxide welding technology) showed that in order to stretch welded belts up to 5 mm, 2820 N is necessary for a thickness of belts of 1.5 mm for electric arc welding, and 2900 N for kemppi; with a thickness of 2 mm, 3260 N is necessary for electric arc welding and 4440 N for kemppi welding. The results of the tensile tests of welded belts showed that when welding the belts of steel gaskets, both electric arc and kemppi welding can be used. In the production of steel belts of gaskets, it is appropriate to use kemppi, because the minimum thermal stress is reached in the welding zone.
Study of the movement of raw cotton on the surface of an inclined peg
Authors: Akhmedov Khamidulla , Zhamolova Lola
Published: June 2023

The article presents a study of the raw cotton movement on the surface of a throwing drum with inclined spikes of a saw gin. The considered system consists of two separate sections. The interaction of cotton with actuating tools in the first section takes place on the surface of the spike of the throwing drum, and in the second section, it occurs with separation from the spikes of the throwing drum until it hits the blade of the saw cylinder. It was determined that with an increase in ω, the path and time for the passage of raw cotton along the surface of the spike of the throwing drum decreased while the angle and height of the cotton hit on the surface of the saw cylinder increased. As a result of studying the kinematics and size of the saw gin throwing drum using the raw cotton movement, the relative velocity of cotton in the falling zone was 0.2667 m/s at an angle of 114º relative to the drum.
The results of the production tests of the method for diagnosing the eccentricity of the rotor of an asynchronous electric motor
Authors: Prudnikov Artem , Bonnet Vyacheslav , Loginov Alexandr , Bonnet Yakov
Published: June 2023

Ensuring the reliability of electrical equipment in agriculture remains an urgent problem, since rugged operating conditions and aggressive environment hinder its rational use. The high accident incidence rate of asynchronous motors in most cases is invariably caused by the failure of the inter-turn insulation and interphase short circuit or short circuits to the housing. The probability of an emergency situation increases with an increase in the radial clearance in the bearings and, consequently, the occurrence of static eccentricity of the rotor. The developed method for diagnosing the static eccentricity of the rotor of an asynchronous motor is based on the analysis of the rotor speed; the amplitude of the rotor speed change was used as a diagnostic parameter. The paper presents the change in the rotation frequency depending on the difference in the amplitudes, resulted from the study conducted for different values of static eccentricity. The test results have shown that with an increase in the eccentricity of the rotor, the amplitude of the speed fluctuations increases.
Description of the algorithm and computer calculation program for the temperature regime of heliochambers intended for heat treatment of concrete
Authors: Usmonov Farkhod
Published: June 2023

An algorithm for calculating the temperature regime of heliochambers for heliothermal treatment of concrete has been compiled. The algorithm includes heat release when cement is dissolved in water, since the change in heat release power when cement is dissolved in water is also subjected to harmonic analysis. Comparing the results obtained on a computer with averaged experimental data carried out over the past years, in natural conditions, in solar chambers with various design solutions, it has been established that it is possible to use the recommended method for calculating the temperature regime of a concrete mixture during heliothermal treatment to establish optimal design solutions for solar chambers from the standpoint of the best heating of concrete in them and as a result of gaining sufficient strength concrete.
Strength and deformability of high strength concrete with superplasticizer S-3 under dynamic loading
Authors: Sodikov Kambarali
Published: June 2023

The results of experimental studies of the strength and deformative properties of concretes with the addition of superplasticizer S-3 and without additives, of various compositions under dynamic loads, the rate of application of dynamic action averaged 700 MPa/sec are presented. The coefficient of dynamic strengthening of concrete is determined as the ratio of prismatic strength under static and dynamic loads for the studied concretes with and without the addition of S-3, the value of which varies from 1.14 to 1.28, the significant effect of the additive was not detected. Graphs of the dependence of the ratios of elastic modulus and ultimate deformations on the loading rate and the deformation rate are presented. According to the main deformative characteristics under dynamic loading, the studied concretes with and without additives differ little from each other.
Results of evaluation of the efficiency of the working process of feed granulators
Authors: Bulatov Sergey , Kuchin Nikolay , Simachkova Marina , Tareeva Oksana , Cheremukhin Artem
Published: June 2023

Existing studies in the field of application of the granulation process have proven the effectiveness of this process in eliminating the disadvantages that loose compound feeds have. The technology of granulation of compound feeds allows to ensure stable uniformity, improve sanitary and hygienic indicators, increase nutritional value, increase shelf life, as well as minimize losses during its transportation and distribution. Due to the growth in the production of compound feeds, continuous improvement of the equipment, machines and technologies used in granulation is required. We have made a comparative analysis of granulators for various types of indicators: economic, technical, technological, energy efficiency indicators. Three approaches were used to compare them: the rank approach, the standardization method, and the dimensionality reduction method. As a result, the optimization of the obtained results was carried out and, summing up the results of all three methods, the feed granulators were noted, which are the best in terms of the totality of all the parameters studied.
Influence of innovative technologies on the physical and mechanical properties of building materials in the construction industry
Authors: Yakhshiev Yokub , Qakhkhorov Khamid , Buronov Rakhmiddin
Published: June 2023

A multifunctional additive based on a gel-like dispersion of taunitic carbon nanomaterial (CNM) is considered. The influence of its quantitative composition on the physical and mechanical properties of fine-grained concrete is studied. The results of a study of the frost resistance of fine-grained concrete enriched with a gel-like dispersion of CNM "Taunit" are presented.The main hypotheses describing the formation of the porous structure of concrete under the action of alternate freezing and thawing are considered, and the influence features of the structure of nanomodified concrete on its frost resistance and density. Nano-modified fine-grained concrete was tested by scanning microscopy, which shows that the process of forming changes in its structure occurs not only as a result of reinforcement, but also as a result of growth crystalline hydrates, the centers of which are particles of CNM "Taunit".
Condition and trends of energy construction in the Russian Federation for 2023 based on the results of the implementation of energy supply contract programmes
Authors: Voronkov Ivan , Burlutskaya Kseniya
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the state and development trends of the energy construction of the Russian Federation. The experience of implementing energy modernization programs in the Russian Federation was analyzed. The exit of the domestic economy and the electric power industry from the protracted crisis of the late 20th- early 21stcentury required the development of systemic policy documents aimed at building new and modernizing existing generating capacities. We can talk about the complete and partial completion of these programs, which allows us to talk about their structural features, practical results achieved, as well as prospective development trends. The first program turned out to be extremely effective only in the first years. When significant discrepancies and other difficulties began to appear, including financial ones, the system began to require certain improvements. They touched on almost all projects. However, the adopted course cannot be called promising and having an exhaustive potential for long-term development. It is necessary to develop and implement a new program that considers both previously unpredictable socio-political and economic changes, as well as modern trends in the development of industrial and civil construction.
The formation of settlements and residential construction of vokhas in the Bukhara
Authors: Yunusov Shokir
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the main characteristics of settlements in Bukhara. The formation of residential construction in the rural areas of Voxa was discussed, and the technology of residential construction built in 1925, located one hundred kilometers west of the city of Bukhara, was studied and analyzed. In the villages of the Bukhara region, two courtyards, outside and inside, were built. In two-yard dwellings, the rooms are placed in accordance with their purpose and the maximum possibilities for living are created. The outdoor courtyard was mainly intended for men, and there was a great opportunity to engage in production, waiting for guests.
Parameters of the furrow cutter with levellers of the combined machine
Authors: Ravshanov Hamroqul
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the research is to confirm the plurals of a furrow cutter with levelers of combination machine. Combined machine turns the soil layer of the zone where the root system of field crops develops by 180°, prepares the soil for planting, and forms an irrigation ditch. The combined machine consists of disc knives, reverse-cutting ploughshare housings, roller, thresher and levellers. The conducted theoretic and pilot explore showed height combined machine sweeper should be 0.45 m, length 0.7 m, the opening angle of the wings 30°, the height of the leveller 0.1 m, the installation angle relation to the area of activity motion should be 30° showed. According to the outcome the conducted experimentation analysis, tensile strength slimmer is line of 600-650 N.
Applied autecology on the model of cationic proteins of neutrophil granulocytes of carnivores by adverse environmental effects
Authors: Pimenov Nikolay , Permyakova Christina , Ivannikova Regina , Marzanova Saida
Published: June 2023

The article presents studies related to the evaluation of the reaction of cationic proteins of neutrophil granulocytes as markers of environmental impact on the animal body on the example of carnivores (dogs). As is known, neutrophils are one of the first lines of defense of the macroorganism against many impacts, such as environmental pollution by various products of anthropogenic activity, bacterial and viral infections, etc. Therefore, taking into account the reaction of neutrophil cationic proteins to adverse environmental effects may be of interest for the early detection of immunological changes. We found that the level of neutrophil cationic proteins in stray dogs was significantly higher than in domestic dogs. This fact may indicate a longer adaptation process of the body of homeless animals in response to changes in the environmental situation and requires further more detailed study.
Environmental aspects of anthropogenic development of Altai mountain areas
Authors: Korf Ekaterina D.
Published: June 2023

The difficulties in finding a balance in the relationship between recreational activities and geosystems are considered. At present there are geoecological problems in mountainous areas of Altai, connected with intensively increasing anthropogenic load on vulnerable landscapes, some elements of geodiversity and territories of remote areas of the Altai Republic. The importance of nature protection and educational function of "Altai" Geopark in protecting the unique elements of geodiversity from human activity is indicated, and in general, the role of "Altai" Geopark and the importance of giving it UNESCO status in further development of ecological and moral tourism in Kosh-Agach region. The issues of overuse of monuments of inanimate nature as objects of excursion show in the context of increasing anthropogenic pressure on them in connection with the increasing annual tourist flow to Kosh-Agachsky district of the Republic of Altai are considered. The role of the development of the geopark "Altai" and giving it the status of UNESCO in the further development of ecological and moral tourism in Kosh-Agachsky area is considered.
Historical changes of biodiversity in Baikal Siberia and dynamics of nest settlements of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo L., 1758) in the first quarter of the XXI century
Authors: Yelayev Erdeni N. , Dorzhiev Tsidip Z. , Ananin Alexander A. , Pyzh’yanov Sergey V. , Ayurzanaeva Irina A.
Published: June 2023

The article presents the history of nesting, disappearance from the fauna and the current spatial distribution of Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo L., 1758) breeding colonies in Baikal Siberia. The main research sites were the Selenga River Delta, Strait of the Maloye More and islands of the Chivyrkuy Bay, Upper Angara Bay on Baikal Lake; the Upper Angara and Barguzin hollows, Gusinoe Lake in the Pribaikalye and Transbaikalye, where this species once lived according to well-known literary sources in the XVII to the middle of the XX centuries. Direct accounting of newly nesting birds after a 50-year absence in known colonies with young birds that flew out by autumn, as well a non-breeding birds, allowed us to estimate the total number of cormorants in 2021 on Baikal Lake. It amounted to 39-40 thousand birds, which indicates the settlement of the species in the Baikal Lake ecosystem and population stabilization in accordance with the environmental ecological capacity.
To the fauna of mosquitoes and horseflies (Diptera: Culicidae, Tabanidae) of natural and climatic zones of the Tyumen region
Authors: Khlyzova Tatyana A.
Published: June 2023

The article summarizes and analyzes the materials of literary sources and the results of our own research on the inventory of species diversity of mosquitoes and horseflies in the Tyumen region. The fauna of horseflies in the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous okrug is represented by 27 species and 6 subspecies, mosquitoes - 29 species, in the southern part of the region - 33 species, 4 subspecies of horseflies and 41 species of mosquitoes.
Obtaining sterile Calligonum aphyllum material for in vitro culture preservation
Authors: Mogilevskaya Irina , Zholobova Olga
Published: June 2023

The comparative evaluation’s results on the efficiency of surface treatment of Calligonum aphyllum (Pall.) Guerke explants, a perspective plant species in the restoration of degraded lands, are presented. Sterilizers «Lysoformin 3000», silver nitrate, hydrogen peroxide, and «Belizna-econom» are used at the introduction stage of the plants in vitro. As a result, 2 of 11 effective sterilization modes were found when C. aphyllum was introduced into the culture in vitro: No. 10 (hydrogen peroxide solution 10% v/v, 5 min) and No. 11 (hydrogen peroxide solution 6% v/v, 15 min). These modes had the highest rates of sterile and regenerative explants. The microflora was also isolated from the studied explant samples. Determined the preparation «Lysoformin 3000» effectively acts on all isolated microorganisms. «Belizna-econom» and hydrogen peroxide (concentrations of 10% v/v) do not act on 80% of isolated bacterial strains. Shown the silver nitrate solution was not sensitive in 100% of cases. The obtained information can be used to draw up a complete protocol for C. aphyllum explant sterilization at the introduction stage in vitro.
Assessment of Pinus sylvestris L. forests state near Krasnoyarsk (case study of the Karaul'noe forestry)
Authors: Evdokimova Lyudmila , Tatarintsev Andrey
Published: June 2023

The research was conducted in Pinus sylvestris L. stands near Krasnoyarsk (subtaiga zone). The aim of the study is to assess the current state of recreational pine forests. Research methods included detailed forest pathological examination on six research plots, assessment of recreational disturbance (digression stage) by the transect method, integral assessment of forest health, graphical and correlation analysis. Recreational disturbance of the studied pine forests corresponds to I-IV stages of digression. From 1 to 40% of ground on the research plots has been trampled down. The vitality spectra of forest stands are characterized by right-sided asymmetry; the proportion of weakened trees is high in severely disturbed pine stands. With an increase in the recreational stress, the state of pine forests worsens significantly, and the proportion of dead trees increases. The absence of a significant relationship between the average health index and the stock of dead wood indicates that trees mortality cannot be used as an indicator when assessing the current state of recreational pine forests, which is explained by wood debris removal. The relative growing stock of healthy trees (with no signs of weakening), however, is an informative indicator.
The role of ecological monitoring of the course of the Manchurian ash forest growth as a vital factor of environmental engineering
Authors: Barsukova Natalia , Shikunov Eduard , Vorobeva Irina , Ostapenko Anna , Umanets Irina
Published: June 2023

Ecological monitoring of forests stands is an important issue, because it allows to delve deeper into the issue of the state of forests and consider many problems in the field of forest management and pathology. Forests are an important formative element of terrestrial ecosystems of various ranks. Intensive exploitation, coupled with natural aging processes, inevitably leads to forest weakening and inability to fulfil their ecological functions. This is especially noticeable on the territory of the Priamursko-Primorsky forest region where a large area elongated from the north to the south presents a variety of natural and climatic conditions forming their own biocenosis. In case of loss, due to poor forest pathological or sanitary condition, the forest is unable to perform its functions. The process of forest cutting down will inevitably lead to damage to the ground cover, shrubs and grasses growing in the forest, changes in the microclimate, water balance of the soil. Changing key conditions can lead to a change in the ecological system. Therefore, today the issue of researching and monitoring the ecological state of the forest is relevant, allowing understanding the level of awareness about the state of the forest fund of the Russian Far Eastern region.
Analysis of promising methods for felling for forest care by multi-operation systems of machines
Authors: Duhovnik Alesya , Balabanova Yuliya , Lushpaeva Maria , Gaiduk Albina , Nurullin Aidar
Published: June 2023

One of the leading places in the complex of measures to increase the productivity of forests and the rational use of wood resources is occupied by thinning for forest care. Timely and justified thinning for forest maintenance allows not only increasing the productivity and sustainability of forests, increasing the size of forest use, but also creating prerequisites for the effective implementation of environmental protection and climate control functions by forests. Growing highly productive stands of optimal composition requires regular forest maintenance. In the Republic of Belarus, forest thinning is carried out by various multi-operational systems of machines and methods, each of which has its own characteristics and efficiency depending on the conditions of their operation. This article analyzes the effectiveness of thinning for forest care in the conditions of forestry institutions of the Republic of Belarus using multi-operational systems of machines. The most important goals for the development of the country's forestry are noted, among which are the provision of the formation of highly productive and sustainable forests, as well as increasing the resource potential of forests to meet the needs of the environment and society.