bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multisystem impact of altering acid load of ingested exogenous ketone supplements at rest in young healthy adults
Authors: McClure Tyler S. , Buxton Jeffrey D. , Egan Brendan , Plank Emma , Isles Makenna , Ault Dana L. , Prins Philip J. , Koutnik Andrew P.
Published: December 2024

Disruptions to acid-base are observed in extreme environments as well as respiratory and metabolic diseases. Exogenous ketone supplements (EKS) have been proposed to mitigate these processes and provide therapeutic benefits by altering acid-base balance and metabolism, but direct comparisons of various forms of EKS is lacking. Twenty healthy participants (M/F: 10/10; age: 20.62.0 y, height: 1.720.08 m, body mass: 67.910.2 kg) participated in a single-blind, randomized crossover design comparing ingestion of the (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (R-BD R-βHB) ketone monoester (KME), KME+sodium bicarbonate (KME+BIC), an R-βHB ketone salt (KS), and a flavor-matched placebo. Acid-base balance, blood R-βHB, glucose and lactate concentrations, blood gases, respiratory gas exchange, autonomic function, and cognitive performance were assessed at baseline, and various time points for up to 120 min after ingestion. Compared to PLA, blood R-βHB concentration were elevated in each EKS condition (~2 to 4 mM; P<0.01) and blood glucose concentration were lower. Blood pH was lower in KME (-0.07 units), and higher in KS and KME+BIC (+0.05 units), compared to PLA (all P<0.05). Heart rate was elevated, and autonomic function was altered in KME+BIC. There were no differences between conditions for blood gases, respiratory gas exchange, blood pressure or cognitive performance. Exploratory analyses of between-sex differences demonstrated males and females responded similarly across all outcome measures. Altering the acid load of EKS modulated the response of blood R-βHB and glucose concentrations, but had only modest effects on other outcomes measures at rest in young healthy adults, with no differences observed between sexes.
Kinematic hand synergies differ between reach-and-grasp and functional object manipulation
Authors: West A. Michael , Hogan Neville
Published: December 2024

This study uncovers new insights into kinematic synergies during functional human hand manipulation of objects and tools, through the study of wire harness installation. It emphasizes the nuanced distinctions between functional hand manipulation and simple grasping, revealing that manipulation tasks require a greater number and distinct subset of hand synergies compared with simple grasp actions. This research marks a significant step toward appreciating the intricacies of hand coordination in complex tasks beyond grasping.
Probing sensorimotor memory through the human speech-audiomotor system
Authors: Rao Nishant , Ostry David J.
Published: December 2024

There is extensive retention of speech-motor learning. Two parallel modes exist in speech motor memory, one with access to everyday habitual speech and the other with access to newly learned speech-acoustical maps. The availability of speech error feedback triggers a switch between these two modes. Properties of sensorimotor memory in the human speech-auditory system are behaviorally similar to, but functionally independent of, their visuospatial counterparts.
Motor decision-making under uncertainty and time pressure
Authors: Contemori Samuele , Carroll Timothy J.
Published: December 2024

Here we found no evidence of “motor averaging” of reach dynamics for multiple potential actions when people had to respond as quickly as possible to uncertain target location cues. People exerted forces appropriate for the specific reach direction they selected irrespective of movement initiation time, suggesting that reaching dynamics were specified downstream of action selection.
Hemizygous Moesin (MSN) Gene Deletion in an Adult With Chronic Neutropenia
Authors: Castillo-Aleman Yandy Marx , Sotomayor-Lugo Francisco , Sana Sherjeel , Al-Saadawi Nameer Abdul Raheem Kadhum , Ventura-Carmenate Yendry , Dennison David , Statache Gianina , Osorio-Zuluaga Julieta , Raza Ahmad , Grossman David
Published: December 2024

X‐linked moesin‐associated immunodeficiency (X‐MAID) is a recently identified combined immunodeficiency caused by a mutation in the moesin (MSN) gene. It is characterized by cytopenias, hypogammaglobulinemia, poor immune response to vaccine antigens, and increased susceptibility to early‐life infections. We report a patient with adult‐onset neutropenia, lymphopenia, inadequate response to the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), and recurrent bacterial infections associated with a hemizygous MSN deletion. Notably, the patient has no history of significant childhood infections, cytopenias, or hypogammaglobulinemia. Although only a few cases have been documented worldwide, we underscore the importance of whole‐genome sequencing (WES) in diagnosing this atypical immunodeficiency disease in adulthood. Moreover, this report may shed light on our understanding of further variants of X‐MAID and enrich the known spectrum of the disease.
Effects of Elastic Walls on the Thermal Performance of a Counterflow Heat Exchanger
Authors: Adibi Tohid , Razavi Seyed Esmail , Ahmed Shams Forruque , Shakor Shakhawan Mohammed , Liu Gang
Published: December 2024

Using elastic plates in combination with counterflow heat exchangers is an innovative aspect of thermal energy storage systems (TES). The incorporation of elastic plates dramatically enhances heat transfer. However, prior studies have yet to thoroughly investigate the effects of exerting force on these elastic plates. The flow and heat transfer in a counterflow plate heat exchanger with elastic parts on the lower and upper plates are numerically investigated in the current study. The study employs fluid–structure interaction (FSI) modeling to account for the elastic behavior of these plates, with external forces applied downward on the upper plate and upward on the lower plate. The analysis focuses on five different heat exchanger configurations, each with elastic plates positioned at varying locations. The results indicate that heat exchangers with elastic plates outperform their rigid counterparts, achieving efficiency improvements ranging from 17% to 140%, with the highest performance observed in configuration B, where the elastic plates are symmetrically placed in the center of the exchanger. Heat transfer rates for this configuration are up to 30% higher than in other designs. Additionally, a tripling of the Reynolds number results in a 47% increase in efficiency for configuration B, while doubling the applied external force increases the heat transfer rate by only 4%. These findings highlight the potential of elastic plate designs to enhance the efficiency of heat exchangers, with promising applications for condensers, evaporators, and boilers.
Research on Rapid Evaluation Methods for Hydrogen Consumption and Driving Range of Fuel Cell Vehicles
Authors: Sun Letian , Liang Rongliang , Wang Guozhuo , Wu Shiyu , Guo Ting
Published: December 2024

The hydrogen consumption and driving range of fuel cell vehicles are key indicators for evaluating their performance. The existing testing standards mainly suffer from key issues such as cumbersome testing procedures, low testing efficiency, and incomplete calculation methods. This article proposes a rapid evaluation method for hydrogen consumption and driving range of B‐class fuel cell vehicles. This method does not require the test vehicle to be fully charged with hydrogen before the experiment but only requires the test vehicle to meet 2 cycles of pure electric driving and 7 cycles of hydrogen electric hybrid driving. Different evaluation methods were used to conduct comparative experiments on 6 vehicles. The experimental results show that after simplifying the experimental process, excluding the time and cost of preparation work before the experiment, the rapid method is only one‐third of the running method during the experimental process, and the net experimental time is significantly reduced. In addition, the rapid evaluation method has a range of 2.25% to 5.31% in hydrogen consumption per 100 km compared to the standard method, with an average increase of 3.89%. The range of variation in driving range is 7.26% to 9.51%, with an average increase of 8.65%.
A New Type of Model Validity Used in Linear Combining Forecasting Model
Authors: Zhang Zhao
Published: December 2024

When combining numerous individual forecasting models linearly, it is common to construct a measure of model validity based on AD() or APE(). Specifically, we generally construct model validity by using the mean and the standard deviation of AD or APE. The model validity resulting from this approach will serve as the basis for assigning weights, and then the weights will be used to combine multiple individual models into a linear combining forecasting model (LCFM).However, the drawback of using AD or APE alone is that they do not consider the varying importance between recent errors and long‐term errors. To address this limitation, this article reconstructs a new type of model validity (New Model Validity). The sliding average of fitting accuracy and the standard deviation of fitting accuracy are the two components of this New Model Validity, and the sliding average of fitting accuracy enhances the importance of recent errors by incorporating a smoothing coefficient. Thus when applying this New Model Validity to construct a LCFM, the individual model will be assigned a higher weight if its fitting accuracy are more accurate in the recent period. Through proof, it is shown that as long as appropriate weights are obtained, the LCFM remains superior to each individual model under this New Model Validity. Therefore, it is feasible to attempt to improve the forecasting performance of the LCFM by using this New Model Validity.
Reorganization of Dynamic Network in Stroke Patients and Its Potential for Predicting Motor Recovery
Authors: Pang Xiaomin , Huang Longquan , He Huahang , Xie Shaojun , Huang Jinfeng , Ge Xiaorong , Zheng Tianqing , Zhao Liren , Xu Ning , Zhang Zhao
Published: December 2024

Objective: The investigation of brain functional network dynamics offers a promising approach to understanding network reorganization poststroke. This study aims to explore the dynamic network configurations associated with motor recovery in stroke patients and assess their predictive potential using multilayer network analysis.

Methods: Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from patients with subacute stroke within 2 weeks of onset and from matched healthy controls (HCs). Group‐independent component analysis and a sliding window approach were utilized to construct dynamic functional networks. A multilayer network model was applied to quantify the switching rates of individual nodes, subnetworks, and the global network across the dynamic network. Correlation analyses assessed the relationship between switching rates and motor function recovery, while linear regression models evaluated the predictive potential of global network switching rate on motor recovery outcomes.

Results: Stroke patients exhibited a significant increase in the switching rates of specific brain regions, including the medial frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, anterior cingulate, superior frontal gyrus, and postcentral gyrus, compared to HCs. Additionally, elevated switching rates were observed in the frontoparietal network, default mode network, cerebellar network, and in the global network. These increased switching rates were positively correlated with baseline Fugl–Meyer assessment (FMA) scores and changes in FMA scores at 90 days poststroke. Importantly, the global network’s switching rate emerged as a significant predictor of motor recovery in stroke patients.

Conclusions: The reorganization of dynamic network configurations in stroke patients reveals crucial insights into the mechanisms of motor recovery. These findings suggest that metrics of dynamic network reorganization, particularly global network switching rate, may offer a robust predictor of motor recovery.
Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Population‐Based Analysis
Authors: Wang Hongping , Li Wenqiang , Lai Qun , Huang Qian , Ding Hao , Deng Zhiping
Published: December 2024

Objected: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an important cause of neurological dysfunction, and the aim of this study was to explore whether neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic inflammatory response (SIRI), and systemic immune inflammation (SII) are associated with the risk of developing PD. Based on this, we may identify people at high risk for PD and intervene early.

Method: Our study included 31,480 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2001 and 2018. Basic information and inflammation‐related indicators were obtained by questionnaires and laboratory tests, respectively. NLR, PLR, LMR, SIRI, SII, and PD risk were analyzed using weighted logistic regression models.

Results: There were 261 and 31,219 in the PD and non‐PD groups, respectively, and the prevalence of PD was 0.83%. Separate analyses of NLR and PLR were conducted after fully adjusting for confounding factors. According to our analysis, there was an increased risk of PD for both NLR and PLR in the higher level group (Q4) as compared with the lower level group (Q1) (OR = 1.83 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–3.07, and OR = 1.92 and 95% CI = 1.20–3.08). However, we did not find similar relationships in LMR, SIRI, and SII.

Conclusions: There was a significant association between elevated levels of NLR, PLR, and PD risk, while LMR, SIRI, and SII were not statistically significant. It suggests that NLR or PLR could be used to screen people at risk of PD at an early stage. It is essential to conduct more large‐scale prospective studies to investigate the role that NLR and PLR play in PD.
Unleashing the Potential of Biochar Composite as Organic Nutrient Source: Implications as Soil Ameliorant, Seed Yield, and Physiological Attributes of Helianthus annuus L.
Authors: Laila Ume , Nazir Aisha , Bareen Firdaus-e-
Published: December 2024

Agriculture needs a reduced dependency on synthetic chemical fertilizers and renewable biomaterials to add nutrients to soil, ameliorating degraded soil and gaining agronomic yield of crops. Biochar mixed with inorganic fertilizer has been effective in improving the crop yield. However, the influence of composite biochar (C‐BC) obtained from poultry feathers (PFs), cow bones (CBs), and rice straw (RS) waste streams as sources of N, P, and K, respectively, is still unclear. This study aimed to unveil a tripartite relationship of biochar composite applications with soil properties and agronomic attributes of sunflower var. orisun. Biochars associated with nutrient acquisition were characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy. To assess the bioavailability of nutrients and their impact on agronomic yield, a greenhouse trial was set up with sunflower, using each biochar individually as well as in composite application at three levels of amendments (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% w/w) along with commercial fertilizer. The surface characterization through FTIR, SEM, and EDX of each biochar illustrated the presence of a wide range of functional groups, porosity, and multiple nutrients. C‐BC showed a significantly positive response to soil properties and exhibited the high availability of nutrients (N, P, and K) in soil as compared to commercial fertilizer. Application of C‐BC at 4% was found effective for dry biomass (47 g) and seed yield (35.16 g), resulted in oil and protein concentrations as high as 44.8% and 23.5%, respectively. Feather‐derived biochar (PF‐BC), bone char (CB‐BC), and RS‐derived biochar (RS‐BC) in the form of biochar composite can become an applicable substitute for chemical fertilizer in sustainable agriculture.
Damage Detection in Bridge via Adversarial‐Based Transfer Learning
Authors: Nie Zhenhua , Xu Shenshen , Chen Kaijian , Xu Lianli , Lin Yizhou , Ma Hongwei
Published: December 2024

A novel structural damage detection (SDD) method is proposed in this work, which is based on adversarial‐based transfer learning to achieve the cross‐domain information transfer of damage locations between numerical simulations and real bridge structures. Although the advancement of numerical modeling technology makes it accessible for relatively accurate finite element (FE) models, it is still difficult to meet the needs of practical engineering. The idea of adversarial training is introduced to enable the traditional feature extraction network to obtain the domain independent features between the numerical simulation and the real bridge structure. The dynamic response data from the numerical simulations are labeled with damage, while those from the real structure are unlabeled. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we established a FE model of a simply support beam and regarded it as the benchmark model, and the target model with discrepancies from the benchmark model is obtained by quantitatively increasing the uncertainties. The results of the simulation show that the proposed method can overcome the discrepancy caused by uncertainty to a certain extent compared with the traditional method and obtain a high damage localization accuracy on the target model. In the laboratory experiment, the proposed method still achieves promising results. The primary contributions of this work are twofold: first, it delves deeper into the effectiveness of adversarial training for extracting domain‐invariant features, which are crucial for structural damage identification. Second, it provides a quantitative assessment of the performance degradation of traditional methods due to modeling errors and uncertainty. Additionally, it demonstrates the significant performance enhancement achieved by the proposed method.
Improved African Swine Fever Detection for Environmental Samples in the Presence of Organic Contaminants
Authors: Kwon Taeyong , Gebhardt Jordan T. , Lyoo Eu Lim , Gaudreault Natasha N. , Trujillo Jessie D. , Woodworth Jason C. , Paulk Chad B. , Jones Cassandra K. , Richt Juergen A.
Published: December 2024

Geographical expansion and trans‐continental transmission of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) pose a significant risk to the global swine industry due to its high impact on swine health and agro‐economy. Several different modes of ASFV transmission make it difficult to predict and prevent ASFV introduction to the free area and its spread in the affected area. Indirect transmission through contaminated surfaces could be one of the possible routes to introduce ASFV to the United States due to its high resistance on environmental surfaces and the frequency of international movements. However, there is limited knowledge about environmental samples for ASFV surveillance, when compared to clinical samples from infected pigs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop methods for better detection of ASFV DNA in the presence of four different types of organic contaminants: soil, swine feces, feed dust, and their mixture. The presence of organic contaminants negatively affected the sensitivity of ASFV DNA detection. Centrifugation and filtration were crucial for ASFV detection in environmental samples with soil and mixture, whereas filtration reduced the sensitivity of ASFV DNA detection in samples from clean surfaces and swine feces‐ and feed dust‐contaminated surfaces. Detection of ASFV was significantly improved when sampled by the sponge stick with DNA/RNA shield when compared to the cost‐effective sampling strategy, the cotton gauze with phosphate‐buffered saline. These findings highlight the effect of organic contaminants and the use of the nucleic acid stabilization buffer on ASFV diagnostic performance and provide important background for ASFV preparedness.
Invasive Intracranial Electroencephalography (EEG) Monitoring in the Child with a Bleeding Disorder: Challenges and Considerations
Authors: Wong Georgia , Gurevich Stephanie , Teti Saige , Guerrera Michael F. , Zelleke Tesfaye , Gaillard William D. , Oluigbo Chima O.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Hereditary bleeding disorders stem from the absence or insufficient levels of particular clotting proteins, essential for facilitating coagulation in the clotting cascade. Among the most prevalent are hemophilia A (deficiency of Factor VIII), hemophilia B (deficiency of Factor IX), and von Willebrand disease. Management of pharmacoresistant epilepsy is more difficult in a patient with bleeding disorder due to increased risk of bleeding during surgery. There are no reported instances of invasive intracranial monitoring being conducted on patients with both a bleeding disorder and medically refractory epilepsy.
Case presentation: Two patients with bleeding disorders (vWD and factor XI deficiency) underwent invasive intracranial monitoring for medical refractory epilepsy followed by epilepsy focus resection surgery. Both patients were found to have a bleeding disorder during their preoperative lab work. After abnormal labs were reported, both patients were referred to hematology for further evaluation and surgical planning. The first patient was a 10-year-old boy with medically refractory focal epilepsy who was found to have type 2M von Willebrand disease. He underwent surgery for subdural grid placement followed by resection on post-operative day 6. He required Wilate® (antihemophilic and von Willebrand factor complex) infusions from preoperative day 0 through post operative day 14. The second case was a 2-year-old boy with a history of tuberous sclerosis and medically refractory epilepsy who was found to have factor XI deficiency (hemophilia C) who required FFP and platelet transfusions throughout his hospitalization. He underwent surgery for sEEG followed by resection of the tubers. Both patients remained stable throughout their invasive monitoring and completed epilepsy resection surgeries without reported complications. Both patients achieved seizure freedom with surgery.
Conclusion: The two patients successfully underwent invasive neuro monitoring with subdural grids and sEEG for seizure focus identification followed by resective epilepsy surgery without bleeding complications while achieving seizure freedom. Epilepsy patients with a bleeding disorder should not be denied surgery due to increased risk of hemorrhage, however they should undergo a thorough multi-disciplinary evaluation for the patient to safely undergo an invasive procedure.
Clinical Trials in Hypertension: A Mathematical Endorsement for Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Fuchs Flavio D. , Fuchs Sandra C. , Berwanger Otavio , Whelton Paul K.
Published: December 2024

Elevated blood pressure (BP) remains the leading cause of mortality globally, and efforts to control it have been disappointing. Meta-analyses of antihypertensive randomized controlled trials reveal a near-exact reversal of the BP-related risks identified in cohort studies. For an observed increase in cardiovascular disease risk of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% with a 5, 10, 20, or 40 mm Hg higher level of BP, respectively, the corresponding BP reductions in antihypertensive randomized controlled trial meta-analyses document a reversal of risks by 7%, 17% of 22%, 54%, and 64%, respectively, providing almost perfect mathematical concordance between the observed and expected benefit of antihypertensive treatment. Treatment benefits have been demonstrated across a wide range of baseline BPs and in individuals with and without prior established cardiovascular disease. Meta-analyses of antihypertensive treatment randomized controlled trials also indicate that the treatment benefits far outweigh any potential risks for adverse effects. The mathematical evidence of the effectiveness of BP-lowering in reducing the incidence of BP-related cardiovascular disease without imposing relevant adverse effects should be considered by clinicians and guideline committees in defining the diagnosis of hypertension and establishing antihypertensive treatment goals. Setting lower BP values for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension could yield a substantial reduction in the global burden of disease due to high BP.
Marxist Debates on the Origin of Capitalism Explored Based on an Althusserian Perspective
Authors: Kadri Jude
Published: December 2024

This article examines Marxist debates surrounding the origins of capitalism, focusing on the “primitive accumulation of capital” as posited by Karl Marx and its implications for understanding the transition from feudalism to capitalism. Through an Althusserian lens emphasizing “overdetermination”, the article examines three theories involved in two major intra-Marxist debates: the Brenner-Wallerstein controversy, and the Wallerstein-Frank exchange. This analysis contends that Wallerstein’s framework adheres more closely to historical materialism, despite its one concept related to empiricism (the concept of “World-System”). Both Brenner’s and Frank’s frameworks devolve into empiricist analysis—Brenner into humanism and Frank into historicism—making their theories on the origin of capitalism completely wrong. The article asserts that a proper understanding of capitalism’s origins must account for the “overdetermination”, meaning the dominant relation of production defining the “totality of the relations of production” during a specific historical period. Such an understanding would lead to considering the social role of colonialism in the development of capitalism as a mode of production. Ultimately, the article argues that while Wallerstein’s theory is the most accurate in its historical materialist approach, its “World-System” conceptualization blurs essential Marxist principles, necessitating a return to the orthodox framework of the “mode of production”.
Aspects épars du commerce méditerranéen du IVe/Xe siècle à travers une lettre inédite
Authors: Dridi Moez
Published: December 2024

Cet article vise à mettre en lumière certaines caractéristiques des pratiques commerciales dans l’Égypte fatimide à travers l’analyse d’une lettre inédite du IVe/Xe siècle, écrite en Haute-Égypte, parvenue à son destinataire à Fusṭāṭ, et actuellement conservée au Musée d’art islamique de Doha. Elle introduit à la sphère commerciale de cette période à travers un contrat de vente et d’achat, élaboré entre deux marchands. Le document révèle tout un pan des pratiques commerciales quotidiennes : la transaction elle-même, la nature des biens échangés, leur prix, l’organisation du système de garanties et de substitutions, la fonction et la place des chartes marchandes, le rôle joué par les intermédiaires et l’échange personnel entre les deux parties.
Mobilizing Amidst an Uprising: Independent Professional Associations and Lebanon’s October 17 Movement
Authors: Mouawad Jamil
Published: December 2024

This paper delves into the evolving role of professional associations within the complex political landscape of uprisings and transitions, with a focus on Lebanon through two significant case studies – the Order of Engineers and Architects (oea) and the Lebanese Professional Associations–University Professors (lpa). While the general trend to understand the fragmentation and marginalization of independent unions and associations in the Arab world is centered mainly on the intricate interplay between these structures and their external environment, this paper looks instead at the internal organizational determinants that had an impact on their effectiveness at times of mobilization. This paper argues that ongoing protests accelerate the value of organizing yet pose irresolvable obstacles to these organizations. This is not primarily due to lack of experience or organizational skills but equally important to the context in which they are unfolding, regardless of how well defined the objectives of these groups might be.
Madīna or Miʾdhana? Revisiting the ‘Foundation Inscription’ of Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Sharqī
Authors: Treadwell Luke
Published: December 2024

In the early 19th century J.-B. Rousseau included the following phrase in his reading of the well-known inscription from the Umayyad site of Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Sharqī – ‘… This town (madīna) was built by order of ʿAbd Allāh Hishām, Commander of the Believers …’. A century later Charles Clermont-Ganneau argued that the Arabic term in question was miʾdhana rather than madīna. The revised reading was rejected (or ignored) by successive generations of scholars, but new data shows that Clermont-Ganneau was right. This paper examines the reasons for the rejection of the miʾdhana reading and outlines the implications of its reinstatement.
The Marinid Royal Estate of Ǧannat Al-Muṣāra and Its Great Noria (New Fez, Morocco)
Authors: Almela Íñigo
Published: December 2024

As the main seat of the Marinid dynasty in al-Maġrib al-Aqṣā, New Fez had all the religious, civil and military facilities necessary for the performance of its functions. It also followed the model of other capitals in the Islamic West in featuring a large estate used for the ruler’s enjoyment, welcoming emissaries, and supervising the troops. Although most elements have disappeared, some archaeological structures of great importance still remain. This paper presents them, highlighting two particularly noteworthy structures: a large waterwheel and a monumental aqueduct.
Mīrzā ʿAbd al-Razzāq Faġfurī: Master of Persian Tilework in the Late Qajar and Early Pahlavi Period
Authors: Mousavi Atefeh Seyed
Published: December 2024

Mīrzā ʿAbd al-Razzāq Faġfurī was the most prolific tile-painting artist in Shiraz of the late Qajar and early Pahlavi periods. Exercising a great influence on subsequent tile artists, he became an identification figure of Qajar narrative tilework and contributed decisively to the visual culture of the Qajar period.

This study investigates ʿAbd al-Razzāq’s life and career, his signature work, his traditional tile workshop and his main apprentices. It classifies and analyzes the themes and narratives depicted by ʿAbd al-Razzāq on the tile panels and explores his unique visual vocabulary. Moreover, the architectural structures decorated with ʿAbd al-Razzāq’s tile paintings will be briefly discussed.
A Supplementary Contribution to Research on Iranian Kuse, Turkish Köse and Their Slavic Zoomorphic Counterparts
Authors: Kłagisz Mateusz M.P.
Published: December 2024

This article examines ritualistic performances in pre-modern Iranian, Turkish, and Slavic agrarian-pastoral communities, focusing on a fertility myth centered around a suffering, dying, and resurrecting deity. Grounded in animistic worldviews, this myth establishes intricate connections between humans and the cosmos, guiding ritual behaviors to ensure agricultural fertility and cosmic harmony. The analysis explores symbolic transformations across these folk traditions, addressing interpretative challenges through cultural and comparative studies. The study delves into various ritual aspects including names, costumes, dates, locations, audiences, troupes, scenarios, gifts, and carol-type quête-songs, highlighting common features across multiple local variants. This examination enhances understanding of the ritual’s cultural and geographical diversity. Emphasis is placed on using locally available materials to create transformative attire for zoomorphic protagonists, contributing to a carnivalesque atmosphere. Ritual timing varies across cultural realms, often tied to agricultural or cultural milestones and symbolic transitions. Typically held in liminal spaces such as a host’s courtyard or farmyard, the ritual engages peasants and local community members with young carolling troupes of varying roles and sizes. The ritual scenario blends semi-play with quête-songs and magical gestures, symbolizing life’s cyclical nature and nature’s renewal. Gift-giving during the ritual symbolizes the exchange of blessings, reinforcing mutual dependence, while quête-songs, believed to possess magical power, address communal concerns. Drawing on Bakhtin’s concept of folk carnival humor, this research illuminates the ritual’s festive and inclusive nature, drawing parallels with carnival practices. Further exploration of Bakhtin’s concepts in folk rituals and the role of carnival elements is recommended for future research.
دفاعًا عن جماليات القرون الوسطى: أومبرتو إيكو وفكرة العمل المفتوح
Authors: الطنطاوي سامح محمد عطية
Published: December 2024

ملخص

قدم أومبرتو إيكو رؤيته الجديدة في النظر للفن والدين والإحساس بالجمال في القرون الوسطى في إطار الفكر الهرمينوطيقي، مقدما رده على بعض الاتجاهات التي تزعم خلوها من الفكر والتأمل الفلسفي والأخلاقي والجمالي، مؤكداً على ضرورة مراعاة السياق الذي عاشت فيه القرون الوسطى وليس الحكم عليها من منطلق السياق الذي نعيشه نحن الآن، مركزاً على أنها لم تكن عمياء تجاه القيم الأخلاقية والجمالية، مستشهداً بأحد أعلامها وهو ”القديس توما الأكويني“. ونستجلي، في هذه الدراسة، أوجه الجدة فيما طرحه إيكو بصدد جماليات العصور الوسطى في ضوء فكرته عن الانفتاح من خلال كتابه العمل المفتوح الذي ألّفه بعد كتاب مشكلة الجمال عند توما الأكوينلى، مبيّنين كيف ساعدته رؤيته المفتوحة للسياق الذي عاشت فيه العصور الوسطى على تشكيل رؤيته حول الجماليات المعاصرة. لقد شغلت فكرة العمل المفتوح إيكو منذ بداية مشواره الفلسفي، وتكاد تمثل البوصلة الأساسية التي تتحكم في معظم كتاباته سواءً في الفلسفة أو في الأدب وغير ذلك من موضوعات، وقد عرض في هذا العمل للعديد من النماذج والأمثلة الجمالية ليبين من خلالها كيف يسيطر العمل المفتوح على الجماليات من حولنا. ولا تخلو هذه النظرة التي نأمل تقديمها لجماليات العصور الوسطى في ضوء العمل المفتوح من أهمية؛ لأنها تعيد النظر فيما تم كتابته في تاريخ نشأة علم الجمال من جهة، وتكشف عن سمة بارزة في فلسفة إيكو الجمالية، وهي الاهتمام بالسياق الجمالي للقرون الوسطى من جهة أخرى‫.‬
„W udręce wołałem do Pana, a On mnie wysłuchał i wyprowadził na szeroką przestrzeń […]. Pchnięto mnie, o mało nie upadłem, lecz Pan mnie podtrzymał…” (Ps 118[117]:5.13). O leksykalnej wariantywności psałterzowych redakcji cerkiewnosłowiańskich. Na przykładzie tłumaczeń gr. ἀντιλαμβάνω, συναντιλαμβάνομαι, βοηθέω, λυτρόω, ἐρύω, ὑπερασπίζω. Ujęcie ilościowe
Authors: Szulc Arleta
Published: December 2024

“I called upon the Lord in distress: the Lord answered me, and set me in a large place. […] Thou hast thrust sore at me that I might fall: but the Lord helped me” (Ps 118[117]:5.13). On the Lexical Variation of Church Slavonic Psalter Redactions. The Case of Translations of the Greek ἀντιλαμβάνω, συναντιλαμβάνομαι, βοηθέω, λυτρόω, ἐρύω, ὑπερασπίζω: A Quantitative Approach
This article, another one in a series of studies dealing with the lexical variation of Church Slavonic Psalter redactions, continues previous investigations of vocabulary used by man to address God as his protector, helper, saviour, etc. The paper analyses the use of (Old) Church Slavonic equivalents of such Greek verbs (connected with the nouns / substantive participles ἀντιλή(μ)πτωρ, ἀντίλη(μ)ψις, βοήθεια, βοηθός, λύτρωσις, λυτρωτής, ῥυόμενος, ῥυστής, ὑπερασπισμóς and ὑπερασπιστής) as ἀντιλαμβάνω, συναντιλαμβάνομαι, βοηθέω, λυτρόω, ἐρύω, ὑπερασπίζω. It also points out the Hebrew equivalents of the Greek and (O)CS words in focus. The study concentrates on the quantitative aspect of the use of the vocabulary under discussion, with qualitative issues (source, context, semantics, word-formation, etc.) remaining in the background.
 
„W udręce wołałem do Pana, a On mnie wysłuchał i wyprowadził na szeroką przestrzeń […]. Pchnięto mnie, o mało nie upadłem, lecz Pan mnie podtrzymał…” (Ps 118[117]:5.13). O leksykalnej wariantywności psałterzowych redakcji cerkiewnosłowiańskich. Na przykładzie tłumaczeń gr. ἀντιλαμβάνω, συναντιλαμβάνομαι, βοηθέω, λυτρόω, ἐρύω, ὑπερασπίζω. Ujęcie ilościowe
Niniejszy artykuł, kolejny w cyklu opracowań dotyczących leksykalnej wariantywności psałterzowych redakcji cs., jest przedłużeniem wcześniejszego opracowania traktującego o słownictwie, którym człowiek zwraca się do Boga jako swego protektora, pomocnika, wybawiciela etc. Analizie poddaje się użycia (s)cs. ekwiwalentów takich – związanych z gr. rzeczownikami / substantywizowanymi imiesłowami: ἀντιλή(μ)πτωρ, ἀντίλη(μ)ψις, βοήθεια, βοηθός, λύτρωσις, λυτρωτής, ῥυόμενος, ῥυστής, ὑπερασπισμóς i ὑπερασπιστής – czasowników jak: ἀντιλαμβάνω, συναντιλαμβάνομαι, βοηθέω, λυτρόω, ἐρύω, ὑπερασπίζω. Ponadto wskazuje się na hebrajskie odpowiedniki badanych słów greckich i (s)cs. Uwagę koncentruje się na aspekcie ilościowym użyć badanego słownictwa, kwestie jakościowe (źródło, kontekst, semantyka, słowotwórstwo etc.) przesuwając na plan dalszy.
The Seven Slavic Saints: Cult, Modern Myth and Dramaturgical Interpretation in Bulgarian Culture (1869–1989)
Authors: Azmanova-Rudarska Elena
Published: December 2024

The Seven Slavic Saints: Cult, Modern Myth and Dramaturgical Interpretation in Bulgarian Culture (1869–1989)
The paper is devoted to the literary representations of the Seven Slavic Saints in modern Bulgarian culture. The subject of analysis is dramaturgical interpretations of the saints (separately and together as a group) in 1868–1989, which reveal the specific literary-historical and socio-political conditions for the formation of a modern myth of the Holy Brothers Cyril and Methodius and their disciples in Bulgarian national thinking. The focus is on the process of the image transformation, mythologizing, ideologizing and politicizing. It is showed how the Bulgarian dramatical works and theatrical productions contribute to the multi-layered images of the saints and their work, i.e. the composition of the Slavic alphabet.
 
Siedmiu Świętych Mężów. Kult, nowoczesny mit i interpretacje dramatyczne w kulturze bułgarskiej (1869–1989)
Artykuł poświęcony jest literackim reprezentacjom Siedmiu Świętych Mężów w nowoczesnej kulturze bułgarskiej. Przedmiotem analizy są dramaturgiczne interpretacje świętych (osobno i razem jako grupy) z okresu 1868–1989, które ujawniają specyficzne literacko-historyczne i społeczno-polityczne warunki kształtowania się nowoczesnego mitu świętych braci Cyryla i Metodego oraz ich uczniów w bułgarskiej narracji narodowej. W centrum uwagi są procesy transformacji, mitologizacji, ideologizacji i polityzacji ich obrazów. W artykule zostało pokazane, w jaki sposób bułgarskie utwory dramatyczne i produkcje teatralne przyczyniają się do rozwijania wielowarstwowego wizerunku świętych i ich dzieła, tj. alfabetu słowiańskiego.
Medical and Socioeconomic Risk Factors for Academic and Psychological Outcomes in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Ogbaselase-Beck Feven A. , Williams-Kirkwood Wynette , Johal Sonal , Bailey Alexis , Jackson Erin , Davis Dereck , Karlson Cynthia W.
Published: December 2024

Risk factors for poor neuropsychological outcomes are not fully understood in youth with sickle cell disease (SCD). We examined the associations between medical factors (SCD genotype, silent infarct/stroke, etc), socioeconomic factors (insurance type), and neuropsychological outcomes (reading and math achievement, psychological symptoms) in youth with SCD. A chart review was conducted for 108 Black/African American youth with SCD (Mage = 10.80, SD = 3.53, 54.6% males) referred for neuropsychological evaluation. Patients were administered Wechsler-series tests of intelligence and academic achievement. Psychological symptoms were measured using the caregiver report Child Behavior Checklist. Zero-order correlations, analyses of variance (ANOVAs), and hierarchical linear regression models examined the associations between variables. Youth with less severe SCD genotypes (SC/SBeta+ thalassemia) had more externalizing problems. Youth with Medicaid/no insurance had more internalizing, externalizing, and somatic symptoms. Low full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) strongly predicted poor academic achievement scores above other factors. Results highlight the importance of early neuropsychological/psychosocial screenings in SCD.
Personal recovery after mental illness from a cultural perspective: A scoping review
Authors: Panadevo Juliet , Kotera Yasuhiro , Køcks Nina Rodenberg , Kring Lotte Dich , Møller Stine Bjerrum
Published: December 2024

Background:

Although personal recovery has become a well-known concept in most Western countries, it remains under-recognised in non-Western countries.

Aims:

This scoping review aimed to investigate how culture impacts the conceptualisation of personal recovery by evaluating how well the personal recovery framework CHIME (Connectedness, Hope, Identity, Meaning and Empowerment) fits amongst individuals from non-Western ethnic origin.

Method:

A scoping review with systematic searches was conducted. Studies were included in the scoping review if they examined personal recovery among individuals from non-Western cultures. Articles were excluded if the target population had no experience with mental illness or had an ethnic Western origin. The review used the CHIME framework in a ‘best-fit’ framework synthesis, to understand how culture impacted the understanding and experience of recovery. A comprehensive search of five databases (PsycInfo, ProQuest, EMBASE, MEDLINE and CINAHL) resulted in the inclusion of 76 studies out of the 1,641 studies identified. The search was conducted in February 2023 and updated the same month in 2024.

Results:

The 76 studies demonstrated that the CHIME framework is applicable in non-Western cultures, with few adjustments to the subcategories. Generally, there was a greater emphasis on connectedness with others across all categories of CHIME, and religion was more frequently used as source to achieve the components of CHIME more often in non-Western cultures. Socio-structural factors influenced how personal recovery can be experienced, and important factors such as welfare benefits impacts recovery.

Conclusion:

Special attention should be given to the importance of relationships, especially family, in achieving recovery and religion should be recognised as a crucial element to experiencing connectedness, hope, identity, meaning and empowerment. To enhance the CHIME framework, integrating the sub-components shared responsibility and shared control would be beneficial. Socio-structural factors should be considered when using the CHIME framework.
Introducing the Concentration Camps (CCamps v1.0) dataset
Authors: Van Nostrand Rachel , Braithwaite Alex , Solomon Daniel
Published: December 2024

Although the Nazi Holocaust provides the most expansive and resonant example of concentration camps in popular commentary and social science research, recent revelations regarding the detention and abuse of Uyghurs in camps in Xinjiang, China, as well as Ukrainian citizens in Russian-occupied Eastern Ukraine, reflect the persistence of this technology of mass violence. To gauge how common the use of this technology has been and to facilitate research into its comparative contexts, we introduce the Concentration Camps (CCamps) dataset. We first conceptualize concentration camp systems as bounded, irregular spaces housing targeted, resident civilian populations, whom camp administrators purposefully neglect, often force into labor, and sometimes kill en masse. Based upon this conceptualization, we describe the CCamps dataset, which surveys 150 camp systems administered globally between 1896 and 2018. Finally, we discuss some potential applications for this dataset in the literatures on conflict, peace, and repression.
Gendered Returns to Education: The Association between Educational Attainment, Gender Composition in Field of Study and Income
Authors: Seehuus Sara , Strømme Thea Bertnes
Published: December 2024

Women’s higher college completion rates and greater economic returns to education are regarded as a pathway towards economic gender equality. However, gender-segregated educational choices contribute to persisting gender segregation in the labour market and the gender pay gap. Few studies have explored how the returns to education vary based on the gender composition of fields of study. Using comprehensive register data from Norway, this study examines the link between income and gender-typed fields of study across education levels. Consistent with prior research, we find that women experience larger relative returns to higher education, indicating that women have more to gain from investing in education. Moreover, female-dominated fields yield lower returns compared with gender-balanced and male-dominated fields across all education levels. Lastly, and contrary to the ‘glass escalator’ notion, the economic penalty associated with female-dominated education is greater for men than for women.
Criminogenic and Noncriminogenic Needs in Men and Women Who Self-Report Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Radatz Dana L. , Hilton N. Zoe
Published: December 2024

Little is known regarding the criminogenic needs of men and women who self-report intimate partner violence (IPV). We examined criminogenic and noncriminogenic needs of men and women within the general population who self-reported in three groups: perpetrating physical IPV, perpetrating non-IPV physical violence, and nonviolence perpetration. The sample included 847 men and 1437 women from the Interpersonal Conflict and Resolution (iCOR) Study. Those who self-reported IPV exhibited criminogenic and noncriminogenic needs, ranging from antisocial personality patterns (10%) to criminal associates (69%). Participants who self-reported engaging in IPV had the most criminogenic and noncriminogenic needs, had similar needs to those reporting non-IPV violence, and had consistently more needs than the nonviolence group. Overall, women reported more noncriminogenic needs than men. Community-based IPV treatment programs accepting individuals from multiple referral sources should anticipate variation in criminogenic and noncriminogenic needs among participants, especially relative to gender and referral type.
Lived experiences of students with visual impairment in virtual physical education learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dispo Gilbert Allan N. , Magat Sheila Marie C. , Arambulo Allyssa L , De Guzman Femme
Published: December 2024

This article discusses students’ experiences with visual impairment in virtual physical education (PE) learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth interviews were utilized in this interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore the participants’ lived experiences using a particular approach during the pandemic. Cool and warm analyses were used to categorize and thematize each participant’s responses. This article concluded that the lived experiences of visually impaired students in virtual PE include challenges, coping mechanisms, support, and the need for differentiated instruction. This study may aid the PE teachers in responding to the challenges and concerns of visually impaired students in virtual PE learning. Also, this article may serve as a basis for the stakeholders to formulate appropriate and suitable guidelines for implementing virtual PE learning for students with visual impairment.