bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VARIABILIDADE CLIMÁTICA EM FEIRA DE SANTANA: ATUAÇÃO E ASSOCIAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS CLIMÁTICOS DE OUTONO E INVERNO NOS EVENTOS PLUVIOMÉTRICOS DE 2008 A 2018
Authors: Kevyn Macêdo Gonçalves  , Jemison Mattos dos Santos
Published: March 2024

O clima enquanto parte integrante dos sistemas ambientais é uma expressão física das interações dos elementos naturais das grandes esferas do planeta terra, produto da relação entre radiação solar, processos fotossintéticos, fluxo de nutrientes, evapotranspiração, e fisiologia dos ecossistemas terrestres e marinhos. Enquanto constructo social o clima afeta as pessoas de maneira diferenciada e está diretamente relacionado a produção do espaço (CHRISTOFOLETTI, 1999; NETO, 2008).
Revolutionizing Orthopedic Surgery: The Integration of Holographic Technology
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,, Jeyaraman Madhan , Jeyaraman Naveen ,   Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,, Ramasubramanian Swaminathan ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,, Nallakumarasamy Arulkumar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal, Puducherry, India,, Shyam Ashok ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sancheti Institute for Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Published: March 2024

Orthopedic surgery, traditionally reliant on 2D imaging tools such as X-rays and magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs), is undergoing a revolutionary change with the introduction of holographic technology. Initially, a concept from science fiction used in entertainment and data representation, holography now offers groundbreaking applications in medicine, especially in orthopedics. Conceived by Dennis Gabor in 1948, holographic imaging has evolved significantly, providing real-time, three-dimensional visualizations of human anatomy, thereby aiding surgeons in complex procedures [1]. This technology enhances surgical precision through high-resolution, interactive representations of patient-specific anatomical structures, leading to more accurate planning and less invasive surgeries, crucial for better patient outcomes [2, 3]. This integration signifies a paradigm shift in surgical practices, equipping surgeons to visualize bones, joints, and tissues in unprecedented detail and immersion, similar to moving from radiographs to 3D computed tomography (CT) scans but with the added benefits of interactivity and real-time manipulation. However, challenges exist, including the cost of technology, the learning curve for professionals, extensive training requirements, and maintaining patient safety and medical standards in stringent regulatory environments [4]. This editorial provides an overview of the transformative potential of holographic technology in orthopedic surgery, discussing its historical evolution, current applications, challenges, and prospects, emphasizing the need for cautious optimism and sustainable integration to enhance patient care and surgical outcomes.
Isolated Bilateral Upper Limb Amelia – A Rare Case Report
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India., Afaque Syed Faisal , Srivastava Shubham ,   Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India., Yadav Ajeet Kumar ,   Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Congenital upper limb amelia is one of the extremely rare conditions. It is defined as a complete absence of upper limbs. It may present as isolated or with other associated anomalies. Case Report: We present a case of a 2-year-old male child with congenital complete absence of bilateral upper limb. This male child was born after four female children. With the advancement in modern-era prenatal diagnostic facilities and a better understanding of fetal-maternal drug pharmacology, such cases are rare entity. Conclusion: Amelia is a very rare and challenging situation for clinicians. Regular prenatal checkup and knowledge of maternal and fetal drug interactions during pregnancy are key factors for prevention. Keywords: Amelia, congenital limb deficiency, teratogenic drugs.
Bilateral Sprengel Deformities, Mirror Movements Synkinesis, and Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita: A Novel Combination
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Medical College, Puducherry, India., Chitten Jojin Jose , James Boblee ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Medical College, Puducherry, India.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Bilateral Sprengel deformities, mirror movements synkinesis, and arthrogryposis are described in different combinations in various syndromes but never together. Case Report: We present a 12-year-old girl who presented with bilateral shoulder deformities and difficulty in coordination while writing. On examination, she was noted to have bilateral Sprengel deformities with flexion contractures of upper-limb joints and mirror movements of both upper and lower-limb joints. Conclusion: In the light of relevant literature, we may speculate that these three have a causal relation and even a genetic basis but further studies are needed to prove the same. Keywords: Sprengel deformity, mirror movements, synkinesis, arthrogryposis.
Analytical propagation model for underwater free-space optical communication through realistic levels of oceanic absorption and scattering
Authors: Davis Anthony B. , Roberts Lewis C. , Dolinar Sam J. , Cheng Michael K.
Published: March 2024

Optical communications (OC) through water bodies is an attractive
technology for a variety of applications. Thanks to current
single-photon detection capabilities, OC receiver systems can reliably
decode very weak transmitted signals. This is the regime where pulse
position modulation is an ideal scheme. However, there has to be at
least one photon that goes through the pupil of the fore optics and
lands in the assigned time bin. We estimate the detectable photon
budget as a function of range for propagation through ocean water,
both open and coastal. We make realistic assumptions about the water’s
inherent optical properties, specifically, absorption and scattering
coefficients, as well as the strong directionality of the scattering
phase function for typical hydrosol populations. We adopt an
analytical (hence very fast) path-integral small-angle solution of the
radiative transfer equation for multiple forward-peaked scattering
across intermediate to large optical distances. Integrals are
performed both along the directly transmitted beam (whether or not it
is still populated) and radially away from it. We use this modeling
framework to estimate transmission of a 1 J pulse of
532 nm light through open ocean and coastal waters. Thresholds
for single-photon detection per time bin are a few km and a few
100 m. These are indicative estimates that will be reduced in
practice due to sensor noise, background light, turbulence, bubbles,
and so on, to be included in future work.
Simple DFS and AOA simultaneous measurement scheme without directional ambiguity with co-frequency self-interference signal cancellation
Authors: Fang Yuan , Ma Jianxin
Published: March 2024

A photonic method based on a dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DPol-DPMZM) for the simultaneous measurement of the Doppler frequency shift (DFS) and angle of arrival (AOA) of microwave signals is proposed and demonstrated by simulation. The upper arm of each sub-DPMZM is driven by the echo and self-interference signals from the antenna, while the lower arm is driven by the reference signal 1 and reference signal 2. The phase and amplitude of the reference signal 1 are adjusted to match the interference signals for achieving the self-interference cancellation (SIC). At the central office (CO), the DFS and AOA can be acquired in real time without directional ambiguity by processing the two downconverted low-frequency tones in the photocurrent. The simulation results show that the presence of the SI signal will seriously interfere with the observation of the SOI frequency and waveform, and the self-interference cancellation depth of about 42 dB can be obtained after the SIC. The measurement errors of the DFS without direction ambiguity are within 0.2 Hz. After the Hilbert transformation of the intermediate frequency (IF) signal, the AOA can be measured from −87.31∘ to +87.31∘ with errors less than 3.9°. The system has a large bandwidth, excellent real-time performance, and better invisibility, and is expected to be used in modern electronic warfare systems.
Recognition of Precession Angles of Non-Cooperative Targets Based on Deep Learning with Privileged Information
Authors: Ding Zhihong , wang zhengjia , Yong Zhang
Published: March 2024

With an increasing number of countries engaging in space activities worldwide, space non-cooperative target tracking and identification technology has become a prerequisite for safely conducting space operations. In order to the identify distant non-cooperative targets performing complex motions, this paper proposes a method to recognize difficult parameters by using easily available signal labels as privileged information, which is named Pi-FcResNet. The privileged information is connected to the output end of the network through a fully connected network and coupled with the linear layer of the main network. Through testing, our network achieved a recognition accuracy of 94.45% for precession angles under high signal-to-noise ratio conditions. This method has fast fitting speed and good robustness after adding the Convolutional block attention module (CBAM). This approach of using known information as additional information for deep learning networks holds great potential in the field of feature extraction for space non-cooperative targets undergoing complex motions.
Microresonator soliton crystal pattern-fitting algorithm
Authors: Hoang Thuy , Silver Jonathan
Published: March 2024

Soliton crystal combs are a common type of frequency comb generated in optical microresonators, which in the time domain consist of an often complex repeating pattern of identical solitons, and in the frequency domain have intricate spectra caused by interference between the solitons. Calculating the spectrum from the soliton pattern is simply a matter of taking the Fourier transform. However, determining the pattern from the comb line amplitudes without knowing their phases is in general extremely difficult computationally, bearing strong similarities to the calculations in X-ray crystallography. Here, we present an algorithm to fit the soliton crystal pattern to experimental microcomb spectra. The probabilistic algorithm, which is written in Python and runs in less than 20 seconds on a standard laptop for almost all the tested combs, determines the number of solitons, their amplitude and duration, and their relative positions, providing very good agreement with the experimental comb line amplitudes and correctly predicting their measured phases. In all the fitted patterns, the soliton spacings fall within tight bands in a manner that is consistent with the established mechanism for soliton crystal locking via an extended background wave.
Comparative study of Phase retrieval algorithms for surface Shape measurement by Optical profilometry
Authors: Baya Sina , bahich mustapha , Boulmane Lahcen
Published: March 2024

Recent advances in optical sensors and information processing technology have granted a rapid progress in three-dimensional (3D) optical metrology, enabling highly, and accurate three-dimensional inspection of complex-shaped objects is possible. However, the 3D object surface distinction requires a phase recovery from so-called intensity fringe patterns of the tested objects. In this work, we present a comparative study results of three most highlighted phase retrieval methods (phase shifting, Fourier Transform and Wavelet transform) using single or multiple acquired fringe patterns. Moreover, the phase retrieval methods performance is tested on additive and multiplicative noise based corrupted fringe patterns, giving some qualitative and quantitative conclusions. Some experimental data are processed using Fourier transform and wavelet transform to confirm accuracy of these two phase retrieval techniques.
A meta-analysis into the mediatory effects of family planning utilization on complications of pregnancy in women of reproductive age
Authors: Jahanfar Shayesteh , Maurer Olivia , Lapidow Amy , Oberoi Anjali Rajkumari , Steinfeldt Meredith , Ali Moazzam
Published: March 2024

Background

Despite conflicting findings in the current literature regarding the correlation between contraceptives and maternal health consequences, statistical analyses indicate that family planning may decrease the occurrence of such outcomes. Consequently, it is crucial to assess the capability of family planning to mitigate adverse maternal health outcomes.

Objectives

This review investigates the effects of modern contraceptive use on maternal health.

Search methods

This systematic review is registered on Prospero (CRD42022332783). We searched numerous databases with an upper date limit of February 2022 and no geographical boundaries.

Selection criteria

We included observational studies, including cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies, and non-RCT with a comparison group. We excluded systematic reviews, scoping reviews, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses from the body of this review.

Main results

The review included nineteen studies, with five studies reporting a reduction in maternal mortality linked to increased access to family planning resources and contraceptive use. Another three studies examined the impact of contraception on the risk of preeclampsia and our analysis found that preeclampsia risk was lower by approximately 6% among contraceptive users (95% CI 0.82–1.13) compared to non-users. Two studies assessed the effect of hormonal contraceptives on postpartum glucose tolerance and found that low-androgen contraception was associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.58–1.22), while DMPA injection was possibly linked to a higher risk of falling glucose status postpartum (OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.85–2.36). Two studies evaluated high-risk pregnancies and births in contraceptive users versus non-users, with the risk ratio being 30% lower among contraceptive users of any form (95% CI 0.61, 0.80). None of these results were statistically significant except the latter. In terms of adverse maternal health outcomes, certain contraceptives were found to be associated with ectopic pregnancy and pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism through additional analysis.
Recovery following discharge from intensive care: What do patients think is helpful and what services are missing?
Authors: O’Neill Brenda , Green Natasha , Blackwood Bronagh , McAuley Danny , Moran Fidelma , MacCormac Niamh , Johnston Paul , McNamee James J. , Shevlin Claire , Bradley Judy
Published: March 2024

Background

Recovery following critical illness is complex due to the many challenges patients face which influence their long-term outcomes. We explored patients’ views about facilitators of recovery after critical illness which could be used to inform the components and timing of specific rehabilitation interventions.

Aims

To explore the views of patients after discharge from an intensive care unit (ICU) about their recovery and factors that facilitated recovery, and to determine additional services that patients felt were missing during their recovery.

Methods

Qualitative study involving individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews at six months (n = 11) and twelve months (n = 10). Written, informed consent was obtained. [Ethics approval 17/NI/0115]. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using template analysis.

Findings

Template analysis revealed four core themes: (1) Physical activity and function; (2) Recovery of cognitive and emotional function; (3) Facilitators to recovery; and (4) Gaps in healthcare services.

Conclusion

Patient reported facilitators to recovery include support and guidance from others and self-motivation and goal setting, equipment for mobility and use of technology. Barriers include a lack of follow up services, exercise rehabilitation, peer support and personal feedback. Patients perceived that access to specific healthcare services was fragmented and where services were unavailable this contributed to slower or poorer quality of recovery. ICU patient recover could be facilitated by a comprehensive rehabilitation intervention that includes patient-directed strategies and health care services.
Participation and returns from informal service-oriented non-farm enterprises: Evidence from a survey of Nigerian households
Authors: Nwaka Ikechukwu Darlington , Emeagwali Okechukwu Lawrence
Published: March 2024

We investigate the factors that influence the selection and productivity of informal service-oriented family enterprises in Nigeria. Using nationally representative micro-data from the Nigerian General Household Survey (2010–2015), we employed random-effect probit and selectivity-adjusted regression models to estimate and analyze the results. The findings reveal that the location of informal Non-Farm Household Enterprises (NFHEs)–whether home-based or non-home-based—significantly impacts the wholesale, retail, personal, and consultancy service sectors operated by informal NFHEs. This impact remains significant even after accounting for variations in individuals, households, or locational characteristics. Furthermore, when considering selectivity in the earnings equation, we found that home-based informal enterprises exhibit lower productivity compared to non-home-based enterprises, a difference that varies across sectors. Overall, factors such as the gender of business owners, educational levels, geopolitical zones, infrastructure, and business characteristics play a crucial role in determining the locational and productivity disparities among service-oriented enterprises in Nigeria. Key recommendations stemming from this study include addressing gender-based segregation and economic disparities, prioritising financial inclusion for small business development, bridging infrastructure gaps, and implementing policies that acknowledge and bolster the informal sector.
Assessing knowledge about hypertension and identifying predictors of inadequate knowledge in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alhazmi Ajiad , Moafa Hassan N. , Kotb Mohammed , Sayegh Louay , Baydhi Hassan , Hazzazi Abdullaziz , Moafa Hassan , Hakami Abdulelah
Published: March 2024

Background

Globally, hypertension is among the leading causes of premature mortality. It is a noncommunicable disease characterized by a persistent state of raised blood pressure that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and medical conditions affecting the brain and kidneys. There is a paucity of thorough hypertension knowledge assessment among hypertensive patients in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Thus, this study aimed to assess overall and specific knowledge about hypertension and to identify predictors of inadequate knowledge.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia between February and April 2023. Data were collected using an online, self-administered questionnaire divided into two sections. In the first section, the characteristics of the participants were collected. In the second section, the Hypertension Knowledge-Level Scale was used to measure overall and specific knowledge areas (subdimensions). The overall and subdimensional means were tested using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis H tests. Furthermore, the binary logistic regression was conducted to determine inadequate knowledge predictors.

Results

In all 253 hypertensive patients were eligible for participation; almost 70% of whom were male. The mean age of the participants was 45 years (±14.7), and their mean overall knowledge score was 17.60 (±5.09), which was equivalent to 67.7% of the maximum score. In addition, 40.7% of participants had an adequate level of hypertension knowledge. The complications subdimension level of knowledge was borderline optimal. At the same time, an adequate knowledge level was detected only in the lifestyle subdimension.

Conclusion

Most patients showed inadequate levels of knowledge related to hypertension management. Diet, medical treatment, disease definition, drug compliance, and complications were subsequently the least knowledgeable subdimensions among the study population. Therefore, these subdimensions should be prioritized when planning hypertension educational interventions and during follow-up sessions, especially for patients of younger age groups and those with lower educational levels.
Priority-setting for hospital funding of high-cost innovative drugs and therapeutics: A qualitative institutional case study
Authors: Razvi Yasmeen , Horwitz Simonne L. , Cressman Celine , Wang Daniel E. , Shaul Randi Zlotnik , Denburg Avram
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Rising costs of innovative drugs and therapeutics (D&Ts) have led to resource allocation challenges for healthcare institutions. There is limited evidence to guide priority-setting for institutional funding of high-cost D&Ts. This study sought to identify and elaborate on the substantive principles and procedures that should inform institutional funding decisions for high-cost off-formulary D&Ts through a case study of a quaternary care paediatric hospital.

Methods

Semi-structured, qualitative interviews, both virtual and in-person, were conducted with institutional stakeholders (i.e. staff clinicians, senior leadership, and pharmacists) (n = 23) and two focus groups at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada. Participants involved in, and impacted by, high-cost off-formulary drug funding decisions were recruited through stratified, purposive sampling. Participants were approached for study involvement between July 27, 2020 and June 7, 2022. Data was analysed through reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Institutional resource allocation for high-cost D&Ts was identified as ethically challenging but critical to sustainable access to novel therapies. Important substantive principles included: 1) clinical evidence of safety and efficacy, 2) economic considerations (direct costs, opportunity costs, value for money), 3) ethical principles (social justice, professional/organizational responsibility), and 4) disease-specific considerations. Multidisciplinary deliberation was identified as an essential procedural component of decision-making. Participants identified tension between innovation and the need for evidence-based decision-making; clinician and institutional responsibilities; and value for money and social justice. Participants emphasized the role of health system-level funding allocation in alleviating the financial and moral burden of decision-making by institutions.

Conclusions

This study identifies values and processes to aid in the development and implementation of institutional resource allocation frameworks for high-cost innovative D&Ts.
Estudo da dosagem de concreto de alto desempenho (CAD) com utilização de sílica da casca do arroz e otimização do consumo de cimento Portland para aplicação em pilares
Authors: Batista das Mercês Clóvis , Diego Neves Ruan , Ganasini Débora , Effting Carmeane , Schackow Adilson
Published: March 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo sobre a dosagem de concretos de alto desempenho utilizando sílica da casca de arroz. Foram avaliados dois tipos de aditivos superplastificantes: o aditivo A e o aditivo B. A sílica da casca de arroz utilizada foi caracterizada através de sua composição química por fluorescência de raios-X e determinação do índice de desempenho com cimento Portland. A consistência dos concretos foi verificada através do abatimento de tronco de cone. No estado endurecido, foram realizados ensaios de resistência à compressão, absorção de água, índice de vazios e massa específica. Com os resultados obtidos, foi desenvolvida uma análise estatística incluindo intervalo de confiança Bootstrap e análise de variância multivariada (MANOVA). Foram executados cálculos estruturais comparativos entre o concreto de alto desempenho com maior resistência e um concreto convencional de 30 MPa, comprovando a viabilidade do material produzido. Pode-se constatar ainda a redução do consumo de cimento Portland, quando comparadas as categorias de concreto estudados.
Projeto de biodigestor e fotobiorreator para produção e purificação de biogás a partir da codigestão anaeróbia
Authors: Paes Villas Boas Augusto , Hoss Lunelli Betânia
Published: March 2024

As emissões globais de dióxido de carbono (CO2) têm aumentado de forma contínua e progressiva desde a revolução industrial. Nas últimas décadas, o cenário de emissões só se agravou, passando de 9,34 milhões de toneladas em 1960 para 36,44 milhões de toneladas em 2019. A concentração crescente de CO2 atmosférico é atribuída, principalmente, ao consumo e a queima dos combustíveis fósseis, os quais correspondem a mais de 80 % da demanda mundial de energia primária. Buscando contribuir com a mitigação das emissões de gases de efeito estufa, a produção de biogás no Brasil tem avançado nos últimos anos, e vem recebendo incentivos de setores públicos e privados. O uso de fontes não convencionais para a geração de energia como os resíduos orgânicos urbanos e as biomassas residuais provenientes de processos agroindustriais e/ou agrícolas despontam como alternativas interessantes. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver o projeto de biorreatores em escala de bancada para geração e purificação de biogás. Para o desenvolvimento do projeto dos biorreatores foi utilizado o software Inventor da Autodesk®. Finalizado o projeto foi realizada a construção dos biorreatores, que serão utilizados em trabalhos futuros para a produção e purificação de biogás produzido a partir da codigestão anaeróbia de resíduos orgânicos urbanos e agroindustriais. O biogás produzido será purificado através da captura fotossintética do carbono por meio da utilização de microalgas.
Impacts of real-world labs in sustainability transformations: Forms of impacts, creation strategies, challenges, and methodological advances
Authors: Schäpke Niko , Wagner Felix , Beecroft Richard , Rhodius Regina , Laborgne Pia , Wanner Matthias , Parodi Oliver
Published: March 2024

Real-world labs are witnessing continued growth and institutionalization in the field of transformation-oriented sustainability research, as well as in adjacent disciplines. With their experimental research agendas, these labs aim at sustainability transformations, however, there is still a need to improve the understanding of their impacts. Drawing from this Special Issue’s contributions, we offer a broad overview of the impacts achieved by various real-world labs, highlight the diverse areas and forms of impact, and elucidate strategies as well as mechanisms for achieving impact. We present methodological advances, and address common challenges along with potential solutions for understanding and realizing impact.
Nostalgia for Soviet Estonia: Discursive Elements of Shared Memory in the Facebook Group “Sovetskaia Estoniia – Eesti NSV”
Authors: Fedorova Kapitolina , Tšuikina Natalia
Published: March 2024

This paper explores the role of online platforms in shaping a nostalgic discourse around Estonia’s Soviet past, focusing on the Facebook group “Советская Эстония – Eesti NSV” (Soviet Estonia). Despite official condemnation of the Soviet legacy, this bilingual Russian-Estonian group fosters a positive representation of the era through shared photos and personal memories. Utilizing sociolinguistic methods, the study examines posts and comment threads, unveiling discursive mechanisms employed to reinforce group identity and leverage nostalgia. Members engage in discussions that not only counter the official narrative regarding the past but also extend to contemporary political issues. The research highlights the impact of digital tools and social media in facilitating the construction of collective memory and challenging dominant historical perspectives.
Die Digitalisierung von kulturellem Erbe am Beispiel von Liebesbriefen
Authors: Wyss Eva L. , Hastik Canan
Published: March 2024

Liebesbriefe geben Einblicke in die kulturelle Bedeutung von Beziehungen und zeigen, wie persönliche Liebesbekundungen durch den Medienwandel beeinflusst werden. Als handgeschriebene Ausdrücke stellen sie ein immaterielles Kulturgut dar, das im digitalen Zeitalter herausragt. Ihre Bewahrung fördert kulturelle Traditionen, während die Digitalisierung Schutz und Zugänglichkeit bietet, insbesondere für Forschung, Bildung und Gesellschaft. Das Liebesbriefarchiv leistet einen Beitrag zum Erhalt bedrohter Sprachpraxis und gesellschaftlich einzigartiger privater Kommunikationsformen.
Validation of the Undesirable Behavior Strategies Questionnaire: Physical Educators’ Strategies within the Classroom Ecology
Authors: Roka Athina , Dania Aspasia , Stavrou Nektarios , Digelidis Nikolaos
Published: March 2024

This study sought to propose the Undesirable Behavior Strategies Questionnaire – Physical Education (UBSQ-PE), based on Doyle, W. (1977). Paradigms for research on teacher effectiveness. Review of Research in Education, 5(1), 163–198. classroom ecology paradigm, and validate its use within Physical Education. 289 physical educators participated in the study (80 of them in the pilot study) and completed a survey evaluating the strategies they used across the classroom ecology task systems. An exploratory factor analysis proposed a four-factor solution that measured teachers’ strategies for Differentiation of Instruction, Interaction for Students, Classroom Management, and Interaction with Students and explained a cumulative 47.45% of the total explained variance (KMO = 0.809,

χ

231

2

{\chi }_{231}^{2}

= 1,266, 684, p < 0.001). A confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the data to the four-factor solution (χ2/df ratio = 1.52, comparative fit index = 0.906, Tucker Lewis index = 0.890, standardized root mean square residual = 0.079, root mean square error of approximation = 0.05), providing evidence for the instrument’s internal consistency. Multiple analyses of variance showed that there were differences in teachers’ strategies based on their gender, age, studies, professional knowledge, and school level. The use of UBSQ-PE asserts that teachers use undesirable behavior (UB) strategies according to their personal and professional characteristics. Teacher education programs could use this information for supporting PE teachers to adjust their UB strategies in response to each classroom’s interrelated task systems.
Evaluation of clay layer presence on shallow foundation settlement in dry sand under an earthquake
Authors: Ali Ali Ismaiel
Published: March 2024

Seismically, settlement of buildings with shallow foundations lying above dry sand soils has caused severe destruction in recent earthquakes. This study investigated the effect of seismic loads with shallow foundations located above sandy soil containing an intermediate soft clay layer. The impact of a clay layer’s existence with different thickness and closeness to the base of foundation when subjected to El Centro earthquake with 6.9 magnitude. This investigation has been carried out with the help of a three-dimensional PLAXIS 3D, which has been used to solve many geotechnical issues. A database was created for the various dynamic and static parameters of soils in seismically active areas of Iran and Iraq and USA. In this research, important factors are recognized, including relative density. Clay layer thickness and proximity to the foundation, the soil relative density the results of this research indicated that shallow foundation settlement increased on the dry sand and decreased with the presence of clay layer thickness and wave propagation in cohesion soil is less than cohesion-less soil. In addition, it was reached that as close as the clay layer to the foundation the settlement increased.
Effect of post-weld heat treatment on corrosion resistance of X90 pipeline steel joints
Authors: Zhang Defen , Ran Qingzheng , Gong Lijie , Chen Xiaowen , Tang Qiyuan , Zeng Dezhi
Published: March 2024

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of welded joints, X90 pipeline steel joints were subjected to post-weld heat treatment at 610 °C, 640 °C, and 670 °C (holding time was 1 h). Through electrochemical corrosion and full immersion corrosion experiments, the corrosion resistance of welded joints under various conditions was tested, and the surface morphology and corrosion products of the corroded samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The experimental results show that the corrosion products of X90 pipeline steel welded joints in simulated soil solution mainly include Fe(OH)3, γ-FeOOH, α-Fe2O3, γ-Fe2O3, and a small amount of Fe3O4, FeCl3 and Fe. After heat treatment at 610 °C, the corrosion current density of the parent metal, heat-affected zone, and weld metal of the joint changes from 1.081, 2.889, 2.079 (×10−5 A cm−2) to 0.977, 2.211, 1.810 (×10−5 A cm−2), respectively, the corrosion resistance is improved.
Associations between cognitive test scores and pain tolerance: The Tromsø study
Authors: Melum Tonje Anita , Steingrímsdóttir Ólöf A. , Jacobsen Henrik B. , Johnsen Bente , Stubhaug Audun , Schirmer Henrik , Mathiesen Ellisiv B. , Nielsen Christopher S.
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Previous studies have suggested that experimental pain sensitivity is associated with cognitive function. The aim of this study is to assess this relationship in a large population-based sample.

Methods

We included 5,753 participants (aged 40–84 years) from the seventh wave of the population-based Tromsø Study who had been examined with cognitive tests and experimental pain assessments, and for whom information on covariates were available. Cox regression models were fitted using standardized scores on cognitive tests (12-word immediate recall test, digit symbol coding test, and Mini-Mental State Examination [MMS-E]) as the independent variable and cold pressor or cuff pressure pain tolerance as the dependent variables. Statistical adjustment was made for putative confounders, namely, age, sex, education, smoking, exercise, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, symptoms indicating anxiety or depression, analgesic use, and chronic pain.

Results

In multivariate analysis, cold pressor tolerance time was significantly associated with test scores on the 12-word immediate recall test (hazard ratio [HR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–0.97, p < 0.001), the digit symbol coding test (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, p = 0.004), and the MMS-E (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.96 p < 0.001). Tolerance to cuff pressure algometry was significantly associated with 12-word immediate recall (HR 0.94–0.97, p < 0.001) and Digit Symbol Coding test scores (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.96, p < 0.001) while there was no significant association with Mini Mental State Examination test score (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.00, p = 0.082).

Conclusion

Lower pain tolerance was associated with poorer performance on cognitive tests.
What do we know about Indigenous Peoples with low back pain around the world? A topical review
Authors: Struyf Niels , Vanwing Tom , Jacquet Wolfgang , Ho-A-Tham Nancy , Dankaerts Wim
Published: March 2024

Background

Low back pain (LBP) represents a worldwide burden with rising disability, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Indigenous Peoples are exposed to many risk factors for LBP and seem to have overall worse health and higher mortality compared to non-Indigenous. This article aims to provide a topical overview of LBP in Indigenous Peoples.

Methods

A comprehensive search was done using the keywords “Indigenous” and “back pain.” Secondly, a cross-reference search of the citations list of the included articles was conducted.

Results

LBP is a prevalent, disabling health condition among Indigenous Peoples that impacts activities of daily living, emotional well-being, and cultural identity. Indigenous Peoples face numerous and unique barriers to obtain Western health care. LBP in Indigenous Peoples is partly iatrogenic and available health care lacks a culturally secure setting. In combination with racism and discrimination by health care providers, this leads to miscommunication, frustration, and poor outcome in Indigenous patients around the world.

Conclusion

Contextual considerations and interpretation of findings within the appropriate cultural context are needed in future research and treatment of LBP in Indigenous Peoples. However, our literature analysis exhibits disproportionate representation with the scarcity of studies of Indigenous Peoples of Asia and Africa. Addressing this gap in the literature could provide significant scientific value. Indigenous Peoples should not be forgotten in reducing the global burden for LBP.
In vitro inhibition potency of malononitrile derivatives on the activity of two pentose phosphate pathway enzymes: accompanied by molecular docking evaluation
Authors: Kesebir Arzu Öztürk , Dağalan Ziya , Güller Pınar , Nişancı Bilal , Küfrevioğlu Ömer İrfan
Published: March 2024

Many disorders, including cancer and malaria, could be targeted via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), whose products are key in biosynthetic reactions in cells. The goal of this study was to find new PPP inhibitors. The inhibition effects of malononitrile derivatives on Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) were analyzed through in vitro experiments. Besides, molecular docking studies were performed to predict the interactions having role in inhibition of compounds. K
i constants of derivatives were found between 4.24 ± 0.46–69.63 ± 7.75 µM for G6PD and 1.91 ± 0.12–95.07 ± 11.08 µM for 6PGD. Derivatives indicated non-competitive inhibition on both enzymes except for compound 4. The findings of the molecular docking studies revealed that free-binding energy estimations agreed with in vitro data. The structure of these malononitrile derivatives may guide for drug discovery in targeting the PPP.
No Room for Modesty in Heritage Significance: The Case of Dennesig in Stellenbosch, South Africa
Authors:   Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Small Town Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Ronnie Donaldson
Published: March 2024

Significance and authenticity are two key concepts that run through the practice of urban heritage conservation. When combined, they form a powerful tool within a value-based system that ensures the preservation and continued use of historic places. Stellenbosch, being the second oldest town in South Africa, holds great importance as a historic town. However, several historic suburbs have experienced processes of redevelopment, studentification, and gentrification over the past decade, resulting in their deterioration. But what happens when the unique heritage character of a place is considered insignificant by developers, heritage practitioners, architects, and the local authority? This paper focuses on the Dennesig neighborhood in Stellenbosch, where the broader context of modest heritage significance has been neglected and erased from historical records due to poorly conceived planning, urban design, and mismanagement of heritage resources. The argument put forth in this paper is that in order to evaluate a specific case study site, one must consider the complexities of broader heritage and urban planning processes. This understanding is crucial to comprehend the factors that have shaped the current context and the eventual significance attributed to a particular place, setting, or townscape.
EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA CON- CLOCK (CONCEPT OF TIME CLOCK) MATERI KONSEP WAKTU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF ANAK TK
Authors: - Sriwati - , Utaminingsih Sri , Fajrie Nur
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya pemahaman konsep waktu di TK Negeri Pembina Kabupaten Rembang, hal ini terlihat dari hasil belajar konsep waktu. Tujuan penelitian ini 1) menganalisis perencanaan pengembangan media konsep jam waktu untuk konsep isi waktu 2) menghasilkan rancangan pengembangan media konsep jam waktu untuk konsep isi waktu. 3) Menganalisis efektivitas Pembangunan. Media Con- Clock pada Materi Konsep Waktu di TK Negeri Pembina Pancur Kabupaten Rembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix-method dengan varian eksploratif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian terapan dengan metode Research and Development (R&D). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah TK Negeri Pembina se-Kabupaten Rembang. Sesuai dengan teknik purposive sampling, sampel diambil dari siswa TK N Pembina Pancur dan TK N Pembina Pamotan. Instrumen penelitian berupa wawancara/observasi, angket, tes, dan instrumen validasi produk. Analisis data dilakukan untuk melihat perbedaan rata-rata antara kedua sampel dengan menggunakan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Media Concept Of Time Clock (Con- Clock) dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran materi konsep waktu untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif di TK N Pembina se-Kabupaten Rembang, hal ini berdasarkan hasil statistik sampel berpasangan diketahui bahwa kemampuan kognitif pada siswa konsep waktu pada kelas eksperimen memperoleh nilai posttest 82 dan kelas kontrol memperoleh nilai posttest 61. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa anak yang diberikan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media pengembangan media Con- Clock memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang lebih tinggi. baik dibandingkan dengan anak yang mendapatkan pembelajaran tanpa menggunakan media Con- Clock.-
Pengembangan Model Parenting Berbasis Gusjigang Dalam Pendidikan Kolaboratif Orang Tua Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Aliyah Risyda Aliyah , Su’ad Su’ad , Gudnanto Gudnanto
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan analisis kebutuhan pengembangan modul, mengetahui pengembangan desain modul, mengetahui kelayakan modul, dan mengetahui keefektifan modul pengembangan model parenting berbasis Gusjigang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dengan model Four-D. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah tiga pendidik dan enam orangtua di TK Pertiwi, TK Cahaya, dan TK Masjid Agung Kudus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan mixed method melalui observasi, wawancara, angket dan tes. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model parenting berbasis Gusjigang dalam pendidikan kolaboratif orang tua pada anak usia dini di TK Desa Demaan Kecamatan Kota Kudus dibutuhkan oleh orang tua dan pendidik. Modul tersebut di desain sesuai dengan kompetensi inti pendidikan anak usia dini dan filosofi Gusjigang. Modul ini telah di validasi oleh validator dengan skor 12,62 kategori baik dengan persentase 78,9%. Setelah modul di validasi, peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan ujicoba soal pretest dan posttest. Pada hasil uji-t menunjukkan bahwa Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak, artinya ada perbedaan hasil belajar sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran melalui sosialisasi kepada pendidik dan orang tua. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa  Model Pengembangan Parenting Berbasis Gusjigang dalam Pendidikan Kolaboratif Orang Tua pada Anak Usia Dini di TK Desa Demaan Kecamatan Kota Kudus layak dan efektif digunakan.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Fun Learning Untuk Menumbuhkan Semangat Siswa Kelas III
Authors: Hidayah Rafidatul , Bakhtiar Afakhrul Masub
Published: March 2024

Abstrak : Kualitas hasil belajar siswa  disebabkan oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal yang berpengalaman dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses belajar siswa dan hasil yang diinternalisasi meliputi, sikap terhadap belajar, minat dan motivasi belajar, konsentrasi belajar, sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi hal-hal seperti, guru sebagai pelatih belajar, infrastruktur dan fasilitas belajar. Pembalajaran yang kurang efektif serta tidak memadai, kualitas dan pengetahuan siswa UPT SDN 23 Gresik juga menjadi tidak pandai dan cakap. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, pengembangan metode pembelajaran fun learning diimplementasikan di UPT SDN 23 Gresik. Dengan metode fun learning siswa  bermain sekaligus belajar untuk menciptakan suasana yang menyenangkan dan tidak membosankan. Bertujuan untuk menambah kecapan serta kepandaian di UPT SDN 23 Gresik secara berkelanjutan. Hasilnya yaitu, siswa  menjadi lebih bersemangat untuk pergi ke sekolah, siswa  menjadi senang dan tertarik dengan kegiatan belajar mengajar karena metode fun learning yang tidak membosankan.

Kata Kunci : Fun Learning , Pengaruh Pembelajaran, Semangat
Pendampingan Peserta Didik Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa Serta Penambahan Wawasan Publik Speaking
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Bakhtiar Afakhrul Masub
Published: March 2024

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pemahaman dalam upaya meningkatkan kreativitas siswa serta penambahan wawasan public speaking di UPT SDN 42 Gresik. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pendekatan dan pendampingan guru terhadap siswa sehingga kreativitas siswa masih minim terbentuk. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang secara langsung melakukan pendampingan terhadap siswa. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa di UPT SDN 42 Gresik. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes lisan dan praktek. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan hasil siklus. Hasil deskriptif menjelaskan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam berkreativitas sangat tinggi, dan kemampuan public speaking juga sangat baik. Dilihat dari hasil tabel siklus bahwa siklus 1 sebelum pendampingan rata – rata siswa adalah 34% di dalam berkreativitas dan menjelaskan pelajaran di depan teman – temannya, dan rata – rata siswa pada siklus 2 adalah 48% di dalam berkreativitas dan menjelaskan pelajaran di depan teman – temannya, sedangkan setelah adanya pendampingan rata – rata siswa pada siklus 1 dan 2 adalah 69% dan 85% di dalam berkreativitas dan menjelaskan pelajaran di depan teman – temannya.

Kata Kunci : Pendampingan, Kreativitas Siswa, Penambahan Wawasan Public Speaking.
Penerapan Kata Baku Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Menggunakan Media Apk. Baku VS Tidak Baku di Kelas IV
Authors: Alfianti Yunita , Umam Nanang Khoirul
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK

Memahami kata baku dalam suatu bahasa dapat diajarkan di tingkat sekolah dasar. Inilah pentingnya memahami kata-kata baku bahasa Indonesia melalui teknologi; ini adalah bagian dari alasan mengapa bahasa yang lebih baik adalah bahasa standar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kosakata bahasa Indonesia siswa melalui teknologi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan betapa siswa UPT SD NEGERI 53 GRESIK kurang memahami kata baku. Mereka juga tidak menunjukkan penerapan khusus untuk memahami kata-kata standar. Data untuk penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi dan wawancara. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, siswa seringkali perlu berkomunikasi menggunakan bahasa campuran. Ini adalah salah satu dari banyak alasan mengapa begitu banyak faktor yang menjadi masalah. Menambahkan kata-kata baku ke dalam komunikasi sehari-hari mereka masih menggunakan metode diskusi dan ceramah. Hal ini menyebabkan siswa sulit memahami kata-kata baku. Kata-kata standar memainkan peran kunci dalam penelitian akademis ini. Secara khusus, kosakata bahasa Inggris standar diterapkan ke bahasa Indonesia melalui sarana teknologi. Ini termasuk penggunaan aplikasi bahasa. Kurangnya pembelajaran untuk berkomunikasi secara efektif di sekolah melalui kata-kata standar ditampilkan dalam penelitian ini. Kebiasaan guru memahami kata-kata baku jarang dipatahkan. Hal ini menyebabkan kurangnya kesadaran akan pentingnya penggunaan kata baku di sekolah.

Kata Kunci: Kata baku, Aplikasi media