bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Conceptualisation of Human Capital Management in the Public Sector in the 20th Century
Authors: Mamokhere John
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study is to conceptualise human capital management in the public sector. The study also evaluates the difference and evolution of human capital management and human resource management, although in practice, the phenomena seem similar. The study attempts to introduce the conceptualisation of human capital management in the 20th century. It is absolutely clear that employees play an essential role in both private and public institutions; employees are the lifeline of an organisation. An organisation cannot survive if there are no employees. An organisation runs with the help of individuals who contribute in their own way to its success and productivity. Human capital management is defined as the process of recruiting, training, managing, and retaining employees for them to contribute effectively to the processes of the organisation. Thus, to realise the purpose of this article, the author adopted a qualitative research approach, whereby secondary data have been utilised.
Youth Voice and Narrative Inquiry: Rendering the Invisible Visible
Authors: Meyer Lucille Yvonne , Chetty Rajendra
Published: June 2020

Narrative inquiry was employed in a study aimed at exploring youth experiences of a holistic approach to personal transformation. This article focuses on the research design that facilitated youth voice to be the fulcrum that not only shapes the research, but generates the type of data that can inform youth development theory and practice, as well as social policy more broadly. The respondents were five young people who participated in a three-month residential programme offered by the Chrysalis Academy, a non-profit organisation based in the Western Cape Province in South Africa. Narrative inquiry is becoming increasingly important in a context where it is claimed that policies and programme interventions aimed at youth are often crafted by policy think tanks, public servants and academics. The findings illustrated that youth can speak eloquently about their lives and their deep longing to be seen and heard. In this way, their voice renders the invisible, visible. The article details how the potency of narrative inquiry is amplified through relational mindfulness practices such as deep listening, and enquiry that allow the researcher to be open and fully present to that which emerges in the interview, contributing to the richness and authenticity of the research process. Ethical considerations in narrative inquiry are also explored.
Rhetoric of Anxiety and Anxieties of Rhetoric: Strategies of Remembering Memories of Genocide in Yvonne Vera’s The Stone Virgins (2002) and Christopher Mlalazi’s Running with Mother (2012)
Authors: Vambe Maurice Taonezvi
Published: June 2020

In The Rhetoric of Fiction (1983) Wayne Booth argues that the rhetoric of fiction is its capacity to endlessly defer meaning, and in this process produce new meanings via unexpected significations. This article draws from some of Booth’s insights to tackle three creative problems related to the rhetorical challenges of fictionally representing genocide in the African novel. The first problem is how to artistically translate knowing into telling; the second challenge relates to how authors writing on genocide can guard against the danger of creating archetypal images of suffering women that might prove inadequate to capture women’s multiple human agencies. The third problem regards how to deal with the anxiety of what the language of genocide narratives may not be able to manifest in representing women’s responses to atrocities. Yvonne Vera’s The Stone Virgins (2012) and Christopher Mlalazi’s Running with Mother (2012) are two novels from Zimbabwe that suggest that creative authors who use metaphorical language to magnify suffering may not always be in total control of meanings and tend to not always know the implications of the metaphors they use in describing the process by which they make their own metaphors of suffering. The language of genocide has generated certain archetypal images that represent more than one thing. Vera and Mlalazi use the language of the genre of the literature of atrocities to enlarge, embellish and stylise representations of genocide. This article argues that these creative problems are inevitable because language is the only cultural resource that the fictional imaginaries might manipulate in order to recover and reconstitute certain memories of genocide.
Women Warriors and Female Community in the Prison Writings of Fatima Meer and Nawal El Saadawi
Authors: Chetty Rajendra
Published: June 2020

The aim of this article is to analyse how the violence of a patriarchal system forces women into situations where they feel violence is the only option, either as a mode of resistance or an expression of agency. The article foregrounds how systems of oppression, such as patriarchy, perpetuate violence. The killing of men committed by Fatima Meer’s prison associate, Lydia, and by Nawal El Saadawi’s prison friend, Fathiyya, parallel manifestations of female agency such as that evinced in 2017 by the “warrior woman” in Qumbu in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Homicide, in the context of a woman taking the law into her own hands when driven into a corner by male supremacy, may simply denote spilling the blood of an abusive male. But, the term “homicide” may connote any one of many acts of female resistance which signal the desire to kill or annihilate structures of male privilege, sexual control and legal supremacy set up by a patriarchal society to benefit men. Fatima Meer’s Prison Diary: One Hundred and Thirteen Days 1976 (2001) forms the underpinning text for reading homicide in its literal and metaphorical senses and is supported by El Saadawi’s Memoirs from the Women’s Prison (1986). The article debates the ethical and legal implications of male hegemony versus the legitimacy of women’s reactive protest against humiliation and abuse. A phenomenological approach is used to portray the lived experiences and actions of courageous women who were at first outlawed by a male-law society but are vindicated when taking into account the tyrannous and intolerant circumstances of oppression and patriarchy.
Science Fiction and the Imagined South African and Other Worlds in Lauren Beukes’s Novels
Authors: Manase Irikidzayi
Published: June 2020

This article examines the cityscapes, residents’ experiences and different temporalities depicted in Lauren Beukes’s Moxyland, Zoo City and The Shining Girls. The analysis considers the cityscapes and everyday life experiences in the depicted cyber and futurist Cape Town, futurist fantasy Johannesburg and a cyclically time-travelled and crime-ridden Chicago. It also evaluates the role of the science fiction genre in presenting the sense of space in the different cities and in the process establishes possible comparable visions of urban experiences. Hence, the article argues that the link between space and time and genre assists in mapping the city’s and other worlds’ landscapes and the residents’ experiences vividly, and in that way enables the reader to imaginatively establish the social, spatial and other thematic commonalities between Beukes’s cyber and futurist Cape Town, futurist fantasy/magical Johannesburg and a crime-ridden Chicago that is explored through cyclical time-travelling.
Remembering Charles Mungoshi: Family, Discontent and Dystopia
Authors: Ndlovu Thabisani
Published: June 2020

This article suggests that as part of memorialising Charles Mungoshi, we should reflect on his area of specialty—family, a primary site for the exploration of dominance and subordination within the social unit, particularly the father-son dyad. Through the family trope, Mungoshi reveals that the performance of familyhood can create rancour and conflict, particularly filial rebellion. Dismissed in nationalist criticism as writing of hopelessness, Mungoshi’s enduring interest in strife-ridden dystopic families explores overt and subtle ways of challenging paterfamilial oppression in the family as a micro unit and not so much at the level of nationhood. The article also examines childhood in the context of lone parenting and concludes that Mungoshi, through comparison, mocks the stigma of deficiency and moral deviancy usually attached to this family form. Overall, Mungoshi’s concerted focus on familial discord and contestation is meant to question foundational assumptions about family and its related concepts in the criticism of Zimbabwean literature.
The Life and Times of Okot p’Bitek
Authors: Okumu Charles Nelson
Published: June 2020

Okot p’Bitek was born on 9 June 1931 to Jebedayo Opii of the Pacua clan in Patiko and Cerina Lacwaa of Palaro-Rajab. In the discussion on his biography, I follow a holistic approach using a chronological methodology which focuses on his education and life until his death on 20 July 1982. I premise my research on autoethnography which is a form of qualitative research in which the author uses self-reflection and writing to explore anecdotal and personal experience while acknowledging and valuing his/her relationships with other people. My personal knowledge of and shared culture with Okot have added value to my biographical structuring. I collected data using questionnaires and personal and group interviews with Okot’s family members, friends and colleagues in Makerere and Nairobi Universities, lecturers in Bristol and Oxford, and teachers in the various schools he attended in Uganda. I also researched his writings and writings about him in various libraries at different institutions, including the School of Oriental and African Studies, the University of South Africa, Oxford University, Makerere University and the University of Nairobi, where Okot’s original manuscripts are archived. The data collected is intended to inform scholars about Okot the man. This article is divided into two parts: Okot’s biography and the importance of this biographical study.
The Hijab as Border of Cloth: An Ecological Systems Theory Perspective
Authors: Prinsloo Gert T. M. , Prinsloo Reineth C. E. , Bin Nafisah Latifah A. A.
Published: June 2020

Using ecological systems theory to understand the systemic interactions in the context of Islam is not an extensively researched topic. In view of this, ecological systems theory is used in this article to argue that the social interaction of an individual Muslim female deliberately donning the hijab should be interpreted and evaluated in the context of Islam as an ecological system. Islam is analysed as an ecological system in which each part of the system is influenced by all other parts, but in turn also influences all other parts. There are borders between the various parts of the system, but these borders are permeable from the inside and from the outside. These principles are applied to every Muslim female who chooses to don the hijab. She becomes an integral and indispensable part of Islam as a system. She is influenced by every part of the system, and in turn influences every part by her conscious choice to give visual expression to her religious identity. Awareness of the mutual interactions between an individual Muslim female and all other constituent parts of her religion allows for a contextual and holistic analysis of the hijab as religious and cultural phenomenon. The hijab functions as a border of cloth demarcating the Muslim female body as sacred space in space as she interacts with and within her micro-, meso-, exo-, macro-, and chronosystems.
The Relationship Between the Testamentary Disposition and the Belief in the Afterlife in Ancient Egypt
Authors: Van Blerk Nico
Published: June 2020

This study discusses the importance of the belief in the afterlife, sustenance after death, family structure and literature from ancient Egypt and submits that the first signs of the testamentary disposition can be deduced. The belief in the afterlife necessitated sustenance of the deceased by the immediate family complemented by provisions made by the deceased prior to death, effectively laying the foundation of the testamentary disposition in ancient Egypt. One must, however, be careful about conclusions of definite testate and intestate succession law from our sources as these are later terminology. It does, however, appear that the first signs of succession law, in particular the testamentary disposition, is present very early in ancient Egypt.
Is wa a Polysemous Connective? A Case Study of the Qur'anic waw al-'atf
Authors: Dror Yehudit , Borrmann Kai
Published: June 2020

The ways in which parts of a compound statement are related to each other are often easy to understand but hard to explain. A case in point is the “waw of attachment” or al-waw al-'atifa, which associates nouns, verbs and clauses but provides no clues as to its exact interpretation. The particle wa is often interpreted in the target language as “but”, “even if” or “although”. Does this make wa polysemous, comprising related but different meanings? This article argues that wa is part of an incremental reading process that unfolds until the meaning of the text is fully recovered. It shows that the functions of the particle wa can be grouped under four headings: adversative relations where certain features of the items complement each other, additive relations where items are grouped together, consecutive relations indicating the passing of time, and causal relations indicating cause and effect.
Anaphora in Biblical Hebrew: A Generative Perspective
Authors: Holmstedt Robert D.
Published: June 2020

Anaphora, that is, backwards-referring relations, are well-known in language and include such common items as a variety of pro-forms (it, that, myself, each other) and even adverbs (so). Lesser studied are forward-referring relations, i.e., cataphora. Biblical Hebrew utilises a variety of anaphoric relations, though it lacks a true reflexive anaphor. This study will introduce the investigation of anaphora from a generative syntactic perspective, then proceed to a survey of the features of Biblical Hebrew anaphora, and finally conclude with a discussion of anaphoric complexities that require future attention.
Participant Tracking in Biblical Hebrew and Obligatory Explicitation of Anaphors in Translation
Authors: De Regt Lénart J.
Published: June 2020

Bible translators are often reluctant to refer to participants explicitly in their translation when the source text “only” has a pronoun/anaphor. This is because some of these pronouns/anaphors appear “ambiguous” to them (as they would be, according to the rules and regularities of participant reference in their own language), even at points where, based on the rules and regularities of participant reference in Hebrew, the pronoun/anaphor itself already amounts to an explicit participant identification in the Hebrew and is therefore not ambiguous in the text. This article calls the notion of ambiguity into question and argues that instead of treating such references as ambiguous, they should be treated as instances of clear identification of a participant in the Hebrew, and therefore as part of the information in the source text—information that should be preserved in translation (and, for this reason, made more explicit if that is required by the target language). Thus, exegetes and translators should take rules and regularities of participant reference from clause to clause in Hebrew much more into account. This article will compare different language systems and contrast rules of referring to (major) participants in Hebrew with rules of referring to (major) participants in some European languages, and show how translators can keep the participant identifications as clear as they are in the Hebrew by means of such explicitation, so that this information from the source text is not lost.
“Better is the Little That the Righteous Has than the Abundance of Many Wicked” (Ps 37:16): Social and Moral Stratification in Late Persian-Period Judah as Reflected by Psalm 37
Authors: Botha Phil J.
Published: June 2020

This paper offers a social-scientific analysis of Psalm 37, aiming to define its ideological purpose and textual strategy. The psalm is also read as part of the sequence of Pss 35–37 as it was arranged by the editors of Book I of the Psalms. Financial deprivation and public humiliation of a moral upright minority by an immoral upper class seem to have caused growing discontent and feelings of aggression among the psalmist’s in-group. The author of Psalm 37 assumes the role of a wisdom teacher in order to reprimand, exhort and encourage members of the in-group to stay true to their faith under trying circumstances.
The Importance of Three Judahite Figures in the Book of Haggai: Zerubbabel, Joshua, and Haggai
Authors: O'Kennedy Daniel F.
Published: June 2020

Three prominent Judahite figures appear in the book of Haggai: the prophet Haggai, the governor Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, and the high priest Joshua, son of Jehozadak. The many occurrences of their names emphasise that the short book of Haggai gave prominence to these figures, more than any other biblical book. This article poses the following questions: Why do we have so little biographical information about the prophet Haggai, not even the name of his father? What were the different roles ascribed to these figures in the book of Haggai? Did they work together as a team or was there conflict between them? Who was the most prominent figure in the book of Haggai? What happened to these figures after the conclusion of the book? The book of Haggai does not provide definite answers to all these questions and different hypotheses will be discussed. There is also uncertainty about the role of these figures after the occurrences reported in Haggai since the other biblical books do not help us in this regard. However, we can conclude that the author/composer portrays them as central figures in the book and the temple building process. We cannot really say that one figure was more important than the other, but Zerubbabel is presented prominently in the final structure of the book. In his conclusion (2:20–23), Haggai prophesies about an eschatological day when the Davidic kingdom will be restored by means of Zerubbabel, Yahweh’s servant and chosen signet ring.
Theoretical Approaches to Anaphora and Pronouns in Biblical Hebrew
Authors: Miller-Naudé Cynthia L. , Naudé Jacobus A.
Published: June 2020

Apollonius Dyscolus (second century C.E.) defined the pronoun not merely as a noun substitute but implied that a pronoun may refer to nouns anaphorically. The study of Latin scarcely improved the knowledge of anaphora and pronouns and, for centuries, thinking about anaphora and pronouns was essentially limited to the activity of compiling inventories of grammatical categories and virtually no attention was given to the role of anaphora and pronouns in syntax and discourse as such. New insights into the description and explanation of the distribution of anaphora and pronouns in human language came in the late twentieth century with the advent of Chomsky’s generative linguistics. This paper presents the current state of knowledge regarding anaphora and pronouns in Biblical Hebrew as well as the unresolved issues and questions open for further research.
The Epic of Gulkišar and ANE Chronology
Authors: McLoud Willem S.
Published: June 2020

The discovery of a literary fragment of the royal epic of the Sealand king, Gulkišar, provides support for the recently published McLoud chronological model for the ancient Middle East, in which the Mesopotamian high chronology for the third and early second millennia B.C. is correlated with K. A. Kitchen’s “low” chronology for the Egyptian Twelfth Dynasty.
Forgoing the Bomb But Not the Technology: Understanding the Relationship Between Bolivian Foreign Policy and Nuclear Technology
Authors: Botha Sven
Published: June 2020

Nuclear technology remains a critical point of interest for many states in the post-Cold War era either as they enhance their weapons arsenal and/or advance on the peaceful uses of nuclear technology. This can become problematic for smaller states that greater powers are suspicious of. Using Bolivia as a case study this article seeks to understand how Bolivia has accommodated the three pillars of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty into its foreign policy in an attempt to elude suspicion and develop atoms for peace. This investigation is undertaken by using desktop research that seeks to understand Bolivia’s stances toward nuclear weapons as well as its desires (and how it seeks to fulfil these desires) of obtaining peaceful nuclear technology. The findings suggest that Bolivia is fully compliant with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, and is not discriminatory in the selection of its partners both at home and abroad as long as they share mutual interests and yield the best possible outcome for Bolivia. Furthermore, this research also reveals that Bolivia has been tactful in its alliance and partner formation so that those chosen help to elevate Bolivia’s international status. In conclusion, it is unquestionable that Bolivia has created some remarkable opportunities for itself thanks to its tactfulness; however, Bolivia also faces some key domestic economic realities that could hinder its ambitions.
African Development Expectations and Challenges at the G20 Summit in Argentina in 2018
Authors: Patel Ashraf
Published: June 2020

The article unpacks key policy and development issues and priorities with regards to Africa’s development at the G20 Summit held in Buenos Aires, Argentina in November 2018. The core themes are industrial development challenges and opportunities for African economies as they integrate in the global economy, tracing structural issues such as commodity cycles, infrastructure and policy requirements for sustainable economic development in the fourth industrial revolution era. It unpacks the education and skills development requirements for Africa to effectively—and equitably—participate in the global knowledge economy. The study then details African industrialisation pathways and options from various academic perspectives in an increasingly competitive world
Image-guided translumbar type II endoleak repair: A novel approach
Authors: Mirza Salman , Ansari Shahnawaz
Published: June 2020

We present a case of a 72-year-old male with an abdominal aortic aneurysm status post-endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Follow-up imaging demonstrated an enlarging type II endoleak and attempts at transarterial coil embolization of the inferior mesenteric artery were unsuccessful. The patient underwent image-guided percutaneous translumbar type II endoleak repair using XperGuide (Philips, Andover, MA USA).
Updates in processing of anterior fat pad aspirate for amyloid (with video and sketches)
Authors: Shidham Vinod B.
Published: June 2020

Fat pad aspiration is a commonly used method for detecting amyloid in tissue. Amyloid is detected in the small blood vessels of the aspirated adipose tissue. Optimum evaluation of amyloid with electron microscopy requires at least 15 blood vessels in the fat pad aspirate. The presence of a significant proportion of adipocytes in the aspirate dilutes the fibrovascular portion. This may compromise the evaluation for amyloid with electron microscopy and in FFPE with proteomic studies by mass spectroscopy for confirmation of the amyloid subtype. This video article describes the updated protocol for processing the anterior fat pad aspirate. It demonstrates how to remove the interference of blood and fatty component in the fat pad aspirate performed by the previously reported procedure.
A spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma mimicking a stroke – A case report
Authors: Teles Pedro , Correia Joaquim Pedro , Pappamikail Lia , Lourenço Artur , Romero Clara , Lopes Fátima , Almeida Gonçalo Neto , Abreu Pedro
Published: June 2020

Background:

A spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma (SCEH) is a rare occurrence. It usually presents with quadriparesis, but it may present with hemiparesis or hemiplegia and can easily be misdiagnosed as stroke. We present a case of stroke mimicking SCEH with hemiparesis worsened after tissue plasminogen activator therapy (tPA) followed by emergency cervical decompression laminectomy.

Case Description:

A 63-year-old female presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of posterior neck and left shoulder pain with the right side hemiparesis. On neurological examination, the patient had motor power of the right upper and lower limb of 2/5 Medical Research Council, and her whole left extremities were intact. Her medical history was unremarkable for trauma, hemorrhagic diathesis, or anticoagulation therapy. A head computed tomography was ordered ruling out intracranial hemorrhage. Assuming an acute ischemic stroke as the most likely diagnosis, alteplase (tPA) was administered 3 h after symptoms onset, however without any improvement in patient symptoms. A cervical magnetic resonance was performed revealing a right paramedian epidural mass-like lesion between C3-C6. The patient underwent cervical laminectomy C3-C6 with evacuation of epidural hematoma with significant clinical status improvement after surgery.

Conclusion:

tPA treatment is frequently used as first-line therapy for acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, physicians should be aware of the potential for the SCEH in patients presenting with hemiparesis, as tPA administration may increase cervical hematoma leading to clinical deterioration. With this case, we intended to warn about SCEH as a rare but possible entity, since its early recognition and prompt clinical intervention may improve neurological outcomes.
Technical note: In Mexico, the majority of 147 traumatic spinal cord injuries occurred in the thoracic spine for young males
Authors: Almendárez-Sánchez César Adán , Sotelo-Popoca Thalía , Tafur-Grandett Abrahan Alfonso , Huato-Reyes Raúl
Published: June 2020

Background:

Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a devastating problem typically associated with multi-organ disorders. Studies regarding TSCI and their attendant comorbidities are scarce from developing countries.

Methods:

The electronic files of 147 patients with TSCI (2017–2018) were reviewed; 78% of patients were males averaging 38 years of age. The following variables associated with the TSCI included age, sex, etiology of trauma, vertebral level, fracture classification, Frankel grade, treatment, complications, and mortality.

Results:

Of interest, most cases involved thoracic injuries with attendant chest trauma resulting from falls from substantial heights.

Conclusion:

In Mexico, the majority of TSCI occur in young males (average age 38) who have sustained falls from significant heights resulting in thoracic fractures with a high frequency of chest injuries. By providing such information for developing countries, we may develop future strategies to TSCI in vulnerable populations.
Intracerebral steal phenomenon induced focal reversible vasogenic edema and decrease in cerebral blood flow after carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Shimizu Yu , Tsuchiya Katsuhiro , Fujisawa Norihiro
Published: June 2020

Background:

Intracerebral steal phenomenon (ISP) is a rare complication following surgical treatment of carotid stenosis. However, the factors responsible remain unknown. We described the rear case of the ISP who had vasogenic edema and cerebral blood flow (CBF) decline and presented with hemiparesis after carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Case Description:

A 72-year-old male with stenosis of the bilateral carotid artery (NASCET right 90% and left 70%) presented with cerebral hypoperfusion manifesting as right hemiparesis, after left CEA. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images showed edema of the motor area around an old infarction and a decrease in CBF. This lesion was an area of vasogenic edema caused by ISP and focal cerebral hypoperfusion. CBF of the contralateral cerebral hemispheres had increased. The treatment with an intravenous infusion of a free radical scavenger and glycerol improved the patient’s symptoms and brain edema. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a gradual decline in the brain edema, which completely disappeared 2 weeks after CEA. He was discharged with no neurological deficit.

Conclusion:

In this report, we described the case of a patient with ISP who had vasogenic edema induced by CBF decline and presented with hemiparesis following CEA. This is the first report of progressing focal vasogenic edema caused by ISP after endarterectomy.
Effect of intravenous lignocaine infusion on the quality of emergence in patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumors – A prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jain Deepika , Bhagat Hemant , Jain Divya
Published: June 2020

Background:

Emergence from anesthesia is a critical step in patients undergoing transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (TSS). The cough suppressant and anesthetic sparing properties of lignocaine makes it a favorable option for smooth extubation and maintaining stable hemodynamics intraoperatively. We aimed to evaluate the effect of lignocaine infusion on the quality of emergence (QOE) and intraoperative hemodynamics in patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumors.

Methods:

Fifty patients scheduled to undergo TSS were randomly divided into ligocaine group (n = 25), receiving 1.5 mg/kg bolus dose of lignocaine followed by continuous infusion of 1.5 mg/kg/h and saline group (n = 25). Patients assigned to the control group received equal volume of saline receiving equal volume of saline. The four emergence parameters (mean arterial pressure [MAP], heart rate (HR), cough, and agitation) were abbreviated into an aggregated score for QOE. Time to emergence and intraoperative hemodynamics were also recorded.

Results:

The QOE was not found to be different between the two groups (P = 0.294). Lignocaine did not increase the time to emergence (P = 0.166). The intraoperative HR and MAP were comparable between the two groups. A lower minimum alveolar concentration of desflurane was required in lignocaine group during insertion of nasal speculum (P = 0.018) and at the time of seller ridge dissection (P = 0.043) compared to the saline group.

Conclusion:

Intraoperative lignocaine infusion of 1.5 mg/kg/h did not significantly improve the QOE with respect to hemodynamics, cough, and emergence agitation in patients undergoing transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumors.
Risk of fatal sinus arrest induced by low-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage: A case of a young patient with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Wakuta Naoki , Yamamoto Satoshi
Published: June 2020

Background:

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are both considered possible causes of secondary arrhythmias. However, there are limited reports on the increased risk of bradyarrhythmia for arrhythmia-free SAS patients with SAH.

Case Description:

A 31-year-old woman with SAS developed low-grade SAH and underwent coil embolization on postbleed day 1. Following a coiling procedure, she experienced worsening episodes of sinus arrest lasting up to 12 s and required a temporary pacemaker. Frequent episodes of sinus arrest were detected for the next 4 days. Thereafter, all types of arrhythmias gradually decreased, and she eventually recovered to be arrhythmia free.

Conclusion:

Acceleration of sympathetic nervous activity caused by acute SAH may predispose patients to bradyarrhythmia with SAS and elicit asystole. The coexistence of SAS and SAH should be recognized as a cause of life-threatening sinus arrest, even if the severity of SAH is low grade.
O-Functionalised NHC Ligands for Efficient Nickel-catalysed C–O Hydrosilylation
Authors: Bertini Simone , Albrecht Martin
Published: June 2020

A series of C,O-bidentate chelating mesoionic carbene nickel(ii) complexes [Ni(NHC^PhO)2] (NHC = imidazolylidene or triazolylidene) were applied for hydrosilylation of carbonyl groups. The catalytic system is selective towards aldehyde reduction and tolerant to electron-donating
and -withdrawing group substituents. Stoichiometric experiments in the presence of different silanes lends support to a metal–ligand cooperative activation of the Si–H bond. Catalytic performance of the nickel complexes is dependent on the triazolylidene substituents. Butyl-substituted
triazolylidene ligands impart turnover numbers up to 7,400 and turnover frequencies of almost 30,000 h-1, identifying this complex as one of the best-performing nickel catalysts for hydrosilylation and demonstrating the outstanding potential of O-functionalised NHC ligands
in combination with first-row transition metals.
XXII. Symposium on Atomic, Cluster and Surface Physics (SASP)
Authors: Ernst Karl-Heinz
Published: June 2020

From Sunday February 2nd, 2020 until the following Friday, 75 scientists from all over the world gathered in Hotel Laudinella in St. Moritz to discuss their latest findings about surface, cluster and gas phase physics and chemistry. A program consisting of 25 invited speakers,
16 hot topic oral contributions and 27 poster presentations has been put together by the organizers from Empa.
农民合作社主体功能演化逻辑研究
Authors: 谢 元态 , 熊 海斌
Published: June 2020

不同时期的中国农民合作社具有不同的主体功能，这是它们赖以生存的基础。同时伴随着中国特色社会主义市场经济的发展需要，合作社将发生符合自身演化逻辑的深刻变化。论文就合作社主体功能演化解读合作社发展的历史嬗变及未来逻辑趋势，阐释了合作社主体功能演进的内在逻辑，刻画了建国以来合作社三大基本功能的强弱变化的总趋势，从“老三农”到“新三农”的内涵转变明确了新型农民合作社三大基本功能的地位与作用，分析了新型农民合作社发展模式选择的组合策略，最后得出政府主导的综合体制模式是新型农民合作社未来发展方向的基本结论。
土建工程预算造价审计的必要性与超概算控制方法
Authors: 刘 海艳
Published: June 2020

随着中国经济的快速发展，中国越来越重视土建工程的预算造价审计管理工作。为了进一步提升预算造价审计管理效率，必须要根据实际情况了解预算造价的编制流程、审计方法以及预算造价审计存有的问题，创新审计管控模式，形成规范化的审计处理流程。并通过准确预估成本、提高工程建设设计质量、设计概算限额、实行工程概算动态估价、来控制工程预算超概算。论文主要针对现阶段的土建工程预算造价与超概算控制方法进行简要分析，并提出合理化建议。
Proximate composition and antioxidant activity of Syzygium cumini fruit grown at different regions in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed S. , Ahmed K.S. , Hossain M.S. , Azam M.S. , Rahman M. , Hoque M.
Published: June 2020

The risk of degenerative diseases decreases with the consumption of high antioxidant
containing fruits. This study aimed to analyze the proximate composition and antioxidant
activity of pulp and seed of Syzygium cumini. Proximate composition was determined by
following the AOAC method. Minerals and heavy metals were analyzed using a flame
photometer and an atomic absorption spectrometer. In-vitro antioxidant activity was
evaluated by using phosphomolybdenum, ferrous ion chelating ability assay and reducing
power assay methods. In proximate composition analysis pulp contained significantly
(p<0.05) greater amount of minerals than seed but seed contained a higher amount of
protein and lipid than pulp. In the bioactive compound analysis, seed extracts possessed
significantly (p<0.05) greater amount of Chlorophyll A, Chlorophyll B and total
carotenoids. Additionally, seed extracts exhibited significantly (p<0.05) more total
antioxidant capacity, reducing power and ferrous ion chelating ability compared to pulp
extracts. This study revealed that the seed of Syzygium cumini contains significantly
(p<0.05) higher amount of minerals, bioactive compounds and showed better antioxidant
property. Therefore, Syzygium cumini seed can be a potential source of natural antioxidant
in medicine and food production.
Comparison of commercially available food decontaminants with established methods of decontamination for household practices which are used to keep foods safe
Authors: Feroz F. , Das K.K. , Islam T.
Published: June 2020

The microbiological safety of food has been a major concern in Bangladesh following
several reports of food borne outbreaks associated with contaminated food and vegetables.
To minimize the outbreak, several studies suggested that decontamination is necessary
before cooking. Washing with water is the most common technique for decontamination
in Bangladesh. In order to ensure food safety, the use of different food washing agents is
also becoming popular day by day. For this reason, this study was conducted to evaluate
the efficacy of various sanitizers and treatment method for decontamination. In this study,
several decontamination methods including washing with hot water, cold water, salt water,
vinegar and commercially available food sanitizer to evaluate for their efficacy against
different microorganisms. Here, salad vegetables were washed with various sanitizers and
then microbiological analysis was done to reveal the bacterial and fungal load. This study
revealed that most of the sanitizing methods were able to reduce microbial load minimum
by 2 log CFU/g. Vinegar and hot water wash were the most effective method of
decontamination compare to others with the former showing a 3 log CFU/g reduction.
This can be concluded that common items like the use of vinegar and hot water were more
effective than the commercial decontaminating agents available.
Transgressing boundaries of private and public: Intercultural funerals
Authors: Ritchie Jenny , Morrison S , Vaioleti T , Ritchie TW
Published: June 2020

No description supplied
Effect of Leadership Styles on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Turnover Intention
Authors: Sajid Masood  , Ghazal Khalid Siddiqui  , Huma Lodhi  , Shaista Shahbaz
Published: June 2020

The study is aimed at finding the effect of leadership styles on organizational citizenship behavior and employees’ turnover intentions. A descriptive survey research strategy was adopted over a sample of 240 respondents selected conveniently from eight universities of Pakistan. Multifactor Leadership  Scale developed by the Williams and Anderson (1991) was used for data collection. Turnover Intention Scale developed by Roodt (2004) was used to determine employee turnover intention. Descriptive statistics along with ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The research indicated that transformational and transactional style of leadership have a positive relationship with organizational citizenship behavior whereas, laissez faire style has a negative relation with organizational citizenship behavior and positively related with employee turnover intention. Transformational and transactional style of leadership had an insignificant relation with employee turnover intention.
Study of the mechanical properties of the gas pipeline metal after long-term operation in conditions of the North
Authors: Golikov N. I. , Sidorov M. M. , Sannikov I. I. , Rodionov A. K.
Published: June 2020

The residual strength and technical condition of the material of 530-mm steel pipe (14KhGS) of main gas pipeline are estimated to ensure the safety of long-term operation of pipelines in climatic conditions of the North. The mechanical properties are determined using standard methods of mechanical testing in laboratory conditions. A full-scale pressure test up to failure is used to determine the actual values of the fracture toughness and safety factor of the pipe. Full-scale tests were carried out on a test bench, a computer-measuring complex which displayed the reaction of the object to the load. A pipe fragment was cut from the linear part of the main gas pipeline and welded with spherical plugs. The outer surface of the pipe was notched along the pipe axis. The depth of the notch was calculated such that the breaking load on the ligament section at the notch site corresponded to the working pressure of the gas pipeline. No significant changes in the mechanical properties of the pipe metal were revealed in the absence of visible corrosion and deformation damage during long-term operation of the pipe in the North. Impact tests did not reveal embrittlement of the metal of the tested pipes. Full-scale tests of a pipe with an artificially applied defect made it possible to calculate the value of the critical stress intensity factor, which allowed us to estimate the residual strength of a pipe with a longitudinal crack. The value of the strength criterion of the fracture mechanics indicates the preservation of a sufficiently high viscosity of sheet metal pipes. Similar tests of the pipes (of other size and made of other materials) operating in the main gas pipelines should be continued taking into account temperature ranges and material degradation after long-term operation.
The use of high-resolution methods of research in the design of the diamond-matrix interface to increase the durability of the diamond tool
Authors: Sharin P. P. , Yakovleva S. P. , Akimova M. P. , Popov V. I.
Published: June 2020

The results of studying fundamental and applied problems regarding the formation of boundary layers between diamond and carbide matrix are presented with the goal to develop a highly resistant diamond tool. The new approaches to the synthesis of diamond-carbide materials combining diamond metallization and sintering in a single-stage technology are presented. The developed technology eliminates the re-heating of a metallized coatings which results in their destruction and enhanced graphitization of diamond (these phenomena restrict using metallization procedure to improve diamond retention and synthesis of high-functional composites for diamond tools). The goal of the study is analysis the structural and phase state of the «diamond – carbide matrix» interface in a diamond tool obtained by the new technology and the main factors determining the level of diamond retention in the presence of a metallized coating. Unique opportunities provided by modern high-resolution methods of research were used in the study. The elemental composition and morphological features of the diamond-matrix interface were studied using the methods of scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray microanalysis and Raman spectroscopy. Identification of the reaction products, including non-diamond carbon was performed. It is shown that the introduction of the powder-metallizer significantly modified the contact boundaries and provide conditions for improving the chemical and mechanical adhesion of the diamond-matrix system. The formation of the well-developed nano- and sub-microscale roughness of the diamond surface and dense filling of the existing voids with nanoscale layers of metal-infiltrate was revealed. The multilevel organization of highly structured elements of the transition zone with the minimal graphitization ensured the monolithic character and strength of the diamond-matrix bond. Comparative service tests of preproduction and control samples of diamond dressers proved the efficiency of developed hybrid technology (the specific performance of diamond tools increased by 39 – 45%). New fundamental and applied results have been obtained in the field of studying interface zones in crystalline multiphase systems that can be used to regulate adhesion phenomena at the interphase boundaries and develop highly efficient composite materials.
REMEDIATION ABILITY OF MELON GRASS IN A CRUDE OIL POLLUTED SOIL IN A TROPICAL REGION
Authors: M.C. Uwazie , J.C. Obijiaku , O.D. Onukwuli , A.K Babayemi , J.C Umeuzuegbu
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of a chosen grass (plant) in the remediation of soil contaminated by crude oil. Lemon grass was used in this study to remediate the polluted soil because of its perceived ability to do so. Five wooden boxes were fabricated, and 150kg of soil were introduced to each of them. Four of the boxes were contaminated with different concentrations of crude oil, while two out of these four boxes were amended with cow dung. One of the boxes that served as control was neither contaminated nor amended. Lemon seeds were then planted in all the boxes and allowed to grow for the period of 12 weeks. Analysis were done at the beginning, during and after the plant growth in order to determine the rate of remediation, with particular interest in the TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbon), and few other heavy metals; copper, magnesium, aluminum. Two concentrations of contamination were artificially made (75g and 150g). The TPH, Pb, Zn and Ni contents of the 75g crude oil contaminated soil were 6.784µg/g, 0.485mg/kg, 0.867mg/kg and 0.030mg/kg respectively. It reduced to 6.356µg/g, 0.058mg/kg, 0.560mg/kg and 0.043mg/kg respectively after remediation. The TPHPb, Zn and Nicontents of the 150g crude oil contaminated soil were 9.109µg/g, 0.699mg/kg, 0.851mg/kg and 0.032mg/kg respectively. It reduced 7.713µg/g, 0.059mg/kg, 0.506mg/kg and 0.057mg/kg respectively after remediation. An interesting observation was that, amending the contaminated soil with cow dung gave a favourable result in remediating the contaminants. It took about 80months to remediate TPH to an acceptable level of 0.013µg/g, but over 150months to do the same for an unamended soil. This finding can be applicable in the estimation of time requirement for the remediation of crude oil polluted soil by concerned stake holders.
A NOTE ON QUADRATIC RICCATI DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION USING PADÉ APPROXIMANT
Authors: Alzate Pedro Pablo Cárdenas , Orrego Álvaro Andrés Quintero
Published: June 2020

Semi-analytical methods for solving non-linear models require an initial approach to determine the solutions sought and the calculation of one or more fitting parameters. When the initial approach is chosen correctly, the results can be very precise, but not there is a general method for choosing such an initial approach. In this paper, it is suggested to use directly the serial solution of a non-linear model to find Padé's approximation with highly efficient results.
Ensino do Design e da Arte
Authors: Mae Barbosa Ana , Facca Claudia
Published: June 2020

A disputa entre Design e Arte é histórica. Consideramos as múltiplas oposições entre Design e Arte como uma espécie de jogo de armar que opera mais com a complementariedade do que com as diferenças. [...]
The Influence of Emotional Support from Parents, Peers, and Romantic Partners on Changes in Purpose in Life and Mastery in Young Adulthood
Authors: Sukhawathanakul Paweena , Ames Megan E. , Leadbeater Bonnie J.
Published: June 2020

Purpose in life and mastery over one’s environment are important assets for positive youth development but little is known about how they change or interact during the transition to young adulthood, or how they may be moderated by support from relationships. The current study examines longitudinal associations between purpose in life and mastery in a sample of Canadian youth (N = 662) ages 18 to 29 across three biennial waves of data. Purpose in life and mastery were reciprocally associated within and across time, suggesting that these assets develop in tandem. However, emotional support from friends and romantic partners also moderated the associations. Specifically, the reciprocal association were significant for youth with high levels of friend and romantic partner support, but not for youth with low levels of support. Father and mother emotional support did not moderate the pathways. Findings highlight the importance of peer and romantic partner emotional support in cultivating youth’s sense of purpose in life and mastery during the transition to young adulthood.