bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commencing Self Directed Learning to Heutagogy Skill in Lieu of Spiritual Entrepreneurship
Authors: Hia Ahmad Kultur , Komariah Aan , Kurniady Dedy Achmad , Sumarto Sumarto
Published: October 2020

The problems faced by the retirement age group are increasingly complex. Declining productivity, income and welfare. The transition period from the productive workforce to the gray entrepreneurship has not been followed by an optimal learning process. The research objective is to obtain an overview and analyze the entrepreneurial orientation of retirees who have the ability to learn independently. The explanatory survey method on the entrepreneurship training participants in the preretirement program at an educational and training institution is at PT Meta Bright Vision (MBV) in Bekasi. Questionnaires were distributed to 155 respondents. Path analysis was used to analyze the data. The research then revealed that respondents who successfully applied Self Directed Learning had the ability to create value as basic skills to face a productive period of retirement. The ability to identify the knowledge, skills and processes needed for meaningful learning about entrepreneurship leads to an understanding of value creation. Independent learning to understand the learning process determines how entrepreneurial behavior in the retirement age group. Encouraging heutagogy skills in the retirement age group is a need to remain productive in the golden age.
Educational Cost Effectiveness through the Contribution of Teacher’s Competency and Learning Media Costs Perspective
Authors: Supriyadi Dikdik
Published: October 2020

The focus of this study on the effectiveness of education costs is specifically limited to the contribution of education costs to the quality of learning outcomes through improving teacher competencies and providing learning media. The problem is limited to the financing of teacher competencies and Mathematics learning media in high schools in the city of Bandung in the academic year 2011 - 2014. The method used is quantitative analytical descriptive with data collection techniques using, interviews, observations and questionnaires based on ratio / numerical scale. The population of this study were all senior high school principals in the city of Bandung. Sampling by using purposive sampling, the number of research samples determined as respondents as many as 27 schools. Data analysis techniques using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. Data processing using the SPSS program.21. The results of the study show: (1) the contribution of financing to increase the competence of mathematics teachers towards the quality of learning outcomes is 0.275 in the medium category. (2) the contribution of financing for learning media to the quality of learning outcomes is 0.562 with a weak category. (3) Simultaneously the contribution of teacher competency financing and the cost of learning media is 0.576 with the medium category.
The Moderating Effect of Time Management on the Relationship between Quality of Work Life and Personal Effectiveness of Junior High School Teachers in Davao Region
Authors: IMPAS RUELAN TEÑAJORA
Published: October 2020

The ultimate aim of this study was to determine the moderating effect of time management on the relationship between quality of work life and personal effectiveness of junior high school teachers in Davao Region. Adapted survey questionnaires were given to a sample of 400 teachers from public junior high schools in the region. Findings revealed that the levels of quality of work life, personal effectiveness and time management are high. Further, findings revealed that quality of work life is significantly related to personal effectiveness. Time management also showed a positive significant relationship to personal effectiveness. To determine the moderating effect of time management, a logistic hierarchical regression was employed in this study. Results revealed that time management has no significant moderating effect on the relationship between quality of work life and personal effectiveness. Teachers who have higher and lower levels of time management demonstrated the same degree of personal effectiveness as influenced by quality of work life.  

Keywords- education; moderating effect; personal effectiveness; Philippines; quality of work life; time management
Explore the relationship between Transformational Leadership, Social Interaction and Knowledge Management among Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Lashari Raza Hussain , Rana Aiza Hussain
Published: October 2020

The intention of current empirical research is to explore the relationship between transformational leadership, social interaction and knowledge management among banking sector of Pakistan. The said sector is selected as population of the research. With the help of simple random sampling, different branches of public banks and private banks are selected as a sample. 270 questionnaires were circulated to top level and middle level managers. 230 questionnaires were filled by employee and used for analysis. The overall response rate was 85%. Different statistical methods i.e. Reliability analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis are applied on collected data. The results of Person’s correlation analysis shows that there is positive relationship between transformational leadership, social interaction, knowledge management and its dimensions i.e. knowledge sharing and knowledge application. Moreover, regression analysis’s results explains that social interaction is strong predictor of knowledge management as compare to transformational leadership. From the managerial viewpoint, the results give rational direction to banking sector of Pakistan to understand the significance of knowledge and its management as well.
Effect of Work Culture and Competence on Service Satisfaction through Service Quality: Study in the Department of Integrated Services One Stop (DPTSP) DKI Jakarta Province
Authors: Widodo Djoko Setyo
Published: October 2020

DKI Jakarta Province, as a representation of Indonesia in the international eye, has all the conditions and support of facilities to be able to provide better licensing services from other regions, but, in reality, the public still complains about the length of time and the cost of obtaining permits in DKI Jakarta. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competence, work culture on service quality, to find out the effect of competency, work culture on satisfaction directly and indirectly through service quality as many as 205 samples. The data analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).

The results of the study indicate that there is an influence of work culture and competence on service quality. There is the influence of service quality on satisfaction. There is the influence of work culture and competence on satisfaction mediated by service quality.
The Elderly Educators in Their Quest for Lifelong Learning: Some Stories to Tell
Authors: Blancia Maylin Marabe , Fabros Minerva T , Blancia Norman o
Published: October 2020

This phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of 20 elderly teachers, 50 to 65 years old, still in the service and enrolled in post graduate education. Through in-depth interviews of 10 informants and focused group discussion of 10 participants, the data were gathered and subjected to thematic analysis. The results revealed that the elderly teachers decided to enroll in post graduate education for reasons of dealing with age-specific issues and expectations, balancing personal and professional responsibilities, being infused with young brood and new perspectives, aspiring for career advancement opportunities, enhancing professional portfolio, and rearranging needs and priorities were the themes. The themes for the challenges of the elderly educators connected to their quest for lifelong learning included, balancing and prioritizing, keeping abreast with technology and new sources of knowledge, being optimistic and positive, and being determined and resolute. The insights of lifelong learning shared by informants and participants were, professional advancement brings promotion opportunities, lifelong learning is personal development, age does not matter in learning, and lifelong learning has its rewards. What is notable in this study is the participants’ being still active and generative, their resiliency to face the challenges, and their insights of wisdom, hope, and faith.
The Effect of Work Ethics and discipline on Performance that is intervening by The Commitments of State Civil Organizations (A Case Study of Educational Laboratory Staff at Padang State Polytechnic)
Authors: Nur Delyardi , Putra Muhammad IqraChissa , Satria Randa , Jomi Henrikus , Putri Anne
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of work ethic and discipline on performance that is intervening by the organizational commitment of Educational Laboratory Staff (ELS) at Padang State Polytechnic. This study was motivated by the undisciplined, the lack of responsibility and work ethic of ELS towards the regulation relating to functional positions as ELS at Padang State Polytechnic, so that the work time and performance of ELS at Padang State Polytechnic is wasted. Research method with a quantitative approach with path analysis method. Data collection techniques with questionnaires, observation and interviews. The respondents of this study were 40 of ELS at Padang State Polytechnic. The sampling method uses a total sampling method where in the entire population in this study is used as the research sample. Hypothesis testing is calculated by IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program version 21.0.

The results of this study found that work ethic has significant effect on organizational commitment, work discipline has significant effect on organizational commitment, organizational commitment has significant effect on performance, work ethic has significant effect on performance, work discipline does not have significant effect on performance, indirectly, work ethic through organizational commitment have a significant effect on performance and indirectly work discipline through organizational commitment has a significant effect on performance of ELS at Padang State Polytechnic.
Bank Loans as a Source of Financing Small to Medium-Sized Enterprises in Western Balkans.The Kosovo Case Study.
Authors: TMAVA Qazim
Published: October 2020

It is accepted worldwide that a healthy banking system play a crucial role in the economic development of a country. Also, the role and importance of the banking system in developed and developing countries (including Kosovo) is unquestionable. This is evident especially in financing business needs of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), which generate income and employment. However, financing SMEs’ needs by banks, often is accompanied with problems and various challenges.The aim of this paper is to highlight the role and importance of banks on financing business needs of SMEs, identify problems which arise, by giving recommendations on solving the aforementioned, which would be beneficial for both parties. Hence, this paper offers important implications for banks, SMEs, as well as for policymakers.
Financial and Legal Obligations that appear from Internet Traffic - Technology of Information and Communication Kosovo Case
Authors: Dermaku Kastriot , Emini Ardian , Gashi Ilir , Shala Xhemshit
Published: October 2020

In this case study we have presented the comparison of the calls made by the clients to the telephone operator Y and the calls which have been transferred to the company responsible for the quiz through telephone calls. During this analysis we gathered calls from the Composite Call Data Record (CDR), the CDR partition is divided in two part, the CDR Originating part and the part of the CDR transit part.The part of the CDR Originating are as the showed following: Calling Party Number, Called Party Number, Date Fort Start Of Charge, Time For Start Of Charge, Time For Stop Of Charge and Chargeable Duration. The part of the CDR Transit part contains completely the same data that must be identical because it is the same call that additionally contains other information such as the name of the incoming route from which the call and outbound route or where the call came from is addressed by identifying its name. The data has been decoded by the hexadecimal system in the decade system to compare the numbers of calls, duration calls and time of calls. From the analysis that is done in this case study has come out there is a difference from the number of calls as well the duration of the calls that have been on the part of the customers to the operator Y and the calls directed by the operator Y in the contracting company X
Effect of Emotional Intelligence and trust on Bank performance (Evidence SME’s in Indonesia)
Authors: Adi Titok Waskito , Prasetyo Budi , Hidyantari Erlyna
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze trust in the relationship between staff and customers in the banking sector, its influence on financial performance in the level of emotional intelligence (EI) and their trust. Respondents were asked to complete EI tests and questions related to trust behavior. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis are used to identify relationships. Trust's findings are known to consist of three components: trustworthy; knowledge; and expectations. Furthermore, there is a significant correlation between trust and EI, when compared to the financial performance of relationship managers. Research weaknesses/ implications The method used by banks in collecting performance data limits the analysis that can be held. Practical implications increasing relationship manager awareness of their own emotions, and how they perceive and act on the emotions of others, will positively influence financial performance.
Impact of Value Based Perspective of Organizational Culture on Knowledge Management Process: A Case Study of Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Syeda Saman
Published: October 2020

Different organizations have different cultures. Mostly employees spend more time at their workplace, culture of their organization affects both their work lives also their personal lives. This study aims to explore that how knowledge management process can be influenced by organizational culture in banking sector. 

Knowledge management process and organizational culture are the emerging topics in workplaces which magnetize scholars to discover for future implications. This research is conducted in the banking sector of Pakistan which is based on the responses from 300 employees. The results are highly significant; knowledge management process and organizational culture have strong relation. Hence, our findings indicate that value perspective of organizational culture has strong impact on KM process. The study also gives some future directions for more research.
Prevention of Human Trafficking with AMP Model with based vilage education
Authors: Katinah Kuswandi , Sembodo Sigit Priyo , Surachmad Surachmad
Published: October 2020

This study offers a framework for the prevention of human trafficking using the action means purpose (AMP) model in "Kampunge arek surobayo ". This model has the goal of creating an educative, safe, comfortable, friendly, healthy, creative living environment (kampong) and literacy for the process of child development in community support that guarantees the fulfillment of children's rights and seeks optimal protection of children. KAS KP raised AREK's local culture, which became the spirit of the village, including togetherness, mutual cooperation, ownership, help, tolerance and concern for the environment, especially in the growth and development of children around it and the development of a variety of activities in 6 (six) variables include; educative village, foster village, safe village, healthy village, innovative creative village and literacy village.
Analysing the Impact of Financial Ratios on a Company’s Financial Performance
Authors: Kariyawasam Harendra Nishantha
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between several chosen financial ratios and the financial performance of companies. Chosen financial indicators were Current Ratio, EPS, Firm size, Leverage Ratio and BV/MV Ratio. Financial performance of the companies was assessed through growth of the net profit margin. Ten companies which were registered in Colombo Stock Exchange which were categorized as diversified holdings were chosen as the sample. Financial data from 2013-2018 were considered for this study. A panel data analysis was used to determine the relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variables with given consideration to time series analysis and cross sectional analysis. According to the results of the study only current ratio, leverage and the firm size had significant relationships with the financial performance of the company. Current ratio and firm size positively impacted the company’s profitability, where as leverage impacted negatively. This study aims to enable informed decision making of the financial actors of an organization to enhance the profitability of the given organization.
Conceptual Framework for the Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Athurupane Prabhasara , Wickramsinghe Bhagya
Published: October 2020

This paper seeks to evaluate the role of ICT in achieving the sustainable development goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015. While SDGs do not specifically address ICT, or include a goal on development of ICT, as argued (Berleur & Avgerou, 2005)in this paper, it is an underlying element embedded in the very concept of sustainable development rooted in the definition as propounded by the Brundtland Report. The objective of this paper is to evaluate whether there is a possibility to develop a conceptual framework to ground the use of ICTs in achieving SDGs. For this purpose, this research has evaluated the common conceptual frameworks developed by scholars and posits that rather than developing an all-encompassing framework, it is possible to identify certain necessary features for the role of the ICTs in achieving SDGs. This approach enables policy and decision makers to look at the role of ICT as an integral component of socio-economic and environmental decision making and implementation.
Decision of Purchase Based on Life Style and Brand Image through Interest in Buying Personal Care Products in PT Easton Klaeris Indonesia Branch of Padang
Authors: Febriani Reni , Yanti Rini , Zulmira Zulmira , Eliza Yulina
Published: October 2020

This study aims to explain the effect of life style and brand image on purchasing decisions for personal care products. The analytical method uses descriptive and quantitative approaches in which data collection uses questionnaires. This questionnaire was delivered to respondents by interview. The sample size is 100 respondents. The results showed that life style simultaneously had no effect on purchasing decisions, brand image simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, buying interest influenced life style in a persial manner and had a significant effect. Brand image influenced buying interest in a persial manner and had a significant effect. Purchasing interest has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, the influence of intervening buying interest on life style variables shows no significant effect and buying interest on brand image variables shows a higher influence. Thus it is recommended that marketers use brand image to build purchasing decisions and buying interest as a support for building customer mind shares.
Management of remittances and their role in economic development in Kosovo
Authors: Bellaqa Bashkim , Jusufi Gezim
Published: October 2020

In the Republic of Kosovo remittances have been and continue to be one of the contributors to economic development and have served as a source of household income. Remittances at the national as well as at the global level are an essential element of combating poverty, and can be said to represent one of the largest flows of financial resources at the global level. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of remittances on economic growth, present the comparability of remittance trends over the years, remittance management, in the Kosovo case. The findings of the study should serve as an important input in improving the management of remittance policies and strategies by the Kosovo government in order to increase the impact of remittances on Kosovo's economic development. Trend analysis shows that remittances in Kosovo continued to grow steadily from 2005 to 2018; remittances were greater in 2015 worth € 772 million, one of the main reasons for remittances to Kosovo, results to be the support of the households, while the largest share of Kosovar emigrants' investments was in the construction sector, where investment in the sector was over 40%.
Structural Equation Model on Work Engagement among Employees of Large Retail Enterprises in Region Xii
Authors: Ali Noraida Calim
Published: October 2020

The ultimate goal of this research undertaking was to identify the best fit model involving the following exogenous variables: transformational leadership, motivation, and human resource management practices to endogenous variable – work engagement. A survey questionnaire was issued to the various large retail employees in Region XII, Philippines with 425 respondents for the purpose of data collection. The research method used in the analysis was descriptive — correlation design was used to find the best fit model through structural equation modeling. The results revealed that the model presented positive relationship between transformational leadership, motivation and human resource management practices and work engagement. Nevertheless, the three established exogenous variables of transformational leadership, motivation, and human resource management practices emerged as the primary predictors of work engagement, taking into account their observed variables as depicted in the study's final and best fit model.
The Measurement of Impacts of Tax Rates on the Risk Level of Listed Viet Nam Banking Firms During 2009-2011
Authors: Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc
Published: October 2020

The emerging stock market in Viet Nam has been developed since 2006 and affected by the financial crisis 2007-2009. This paperwork analyzes the impacts of tax policy on market risk for the listed firms in the banking industry as it becomes necessary. First of all, by using quantitative and analytical methods to estimate asset and equity beta of total 9 listed companies in Viet Nam banking industry with a proper traditional model, we found out that the beta values, in general, for many institutions are acceptable.Second, under 3 different scenarios of changing tax rates (20%, 25% and 28%), we recognized that there is not large disperse in equity beta values, estimated at 0,109, 0,108 and 0,107. These values are low and acceptable. Third, by changing tax rates in 3 scenarios (25%, 20% and 28%), we recognized equity beta mean value has positive relationship with the increasing levels of tax rate.Finally, this paper provides some outcomes that could provide companies and government more evidence in establishing their policies in governance.
Equipment Leasing as a Source of Finance For Small and Medium Scale Entrepreneurs In Nigeria
Authors: Eniola Sule Olatunji , Amuni (MRS) Sarat Iyabo
Published: October 2020

The paper is looking into fund raising through leasing of equipments and machineries rather than purchasing them on cash and carry basis as such having much impact and impart on the working capital of the small and medium scale enterprises.  The paper looked into relevant and related studies and came up with the ideas like concept of leasing, types of lease arrangement and Central Bank of Nigeria regulations as to lease for small and medium scale enterprises.   The study made use of a self designed questionnaire called ELESOF to get information from respondents and came up with certain conclusions that equipment leasing is very paramount to the survival of organisations and that though the CBN gave the rules to encourage of small and medium scale enterprises through equipment leasing via the commercial banks but this is just an illusion as far as the instruction by CBN to commercial banks.
Performance, Expenses and Funds Flows: Evidence from the Greek Mutual Fund Market
Authors: G Rompotis Gerasimos
Published: October 2020

This paper examines the factors that affect performance, expense ratios and flows of Greek equity mutual funds during 2002-2005 and provides possible explanations for the rare phenomenon of a stagnated mutual fund market in the midst of growing capital markets in Greece and elsewhere. Results demonstrate strong economies of scale for expenses, a negative relationship between performance and expense ratio, funds flow reduction (increase) with increases in expenses (fund age and fund family), and a significant unexplained portion of funds flows. Also discovered is the inadequate competition due to large load fees and expense ratios of two to three times greater than those in other developed markets and a tradeoff between expense ratio and performance of 1.45 instead of 1 which has been observed in the literature.
Nonpositivism in Behavioral Accounting Research: Initiated a Collaboration of Paradigm
Authors: Damayanti Theresia Woro Damayanti
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this article is to explain how a paradigm can affect research results and how a paradigm apparently is no longer relevant in answering a practice, especially in behavioral accounting research. In addition, this article also want to describe what is the appropriate paradigm for development associated with behavioral accounting research. This article suggests that the failure of behavioral accounting research to narrow down between the research and practice of accounting due to the paradigm used in behavioral accounting research. Based on the characteristics of the behavioral accounting research interpretivism paradigm is more suitable. However, between positivism and interpretivism paradigm has advantages and disadvantages of each, and therefore the collaboration between the two is necessary.
The Effect of Reverse Intergenerational Influence on purchase and Brand Equity of Durable Goods
Authors: Kulkarni Swati Ashutosh
Published: October 2020

The Intergenerational Influence (IGI) is the transmission of beliefs, perceptions, cognition, attitudes and behaviors from one generation to another. It is a fundamental mechanism by which culture is sustained over time. Its key elements are embedded within socialization theory.
Reverse IGI indicates the transmission of beliefs and perception from child to parent. In this study the influences of children on their parent’s decision making for buying durable goods such as cars, mobile phones, laptops, air conditioners, and televisions have been studied. Parents are of age group between 45 and above.
The questionnaire was designed and given to 50 respondents for the pilot study.  Based upon the findings of the pilot study, the questionnaire was finalized and has been distributed to respondents in Mumbai area.
In Preliminary results of a pilot study, respondents were asked to report on a variety of product category of durable goods and their brands.
To test for (reverse) IGI, it is investigated if one party’s brand image perceptions, brand consideration, brand preference and loyalty (behavioral and attitudinal) have a significant influence on the other party’s brand awareness, image, consideration, preference and loyalty. In addition to these main effects, gender (of the child) and family communication patterns are expected to influence (reverse) IGI.
Job Stress Level as Perceived by Staffs in the Government Sector Case Study: MARA Kuching, Sarawak
Authors: Bilal Kamalludin , Ali Siti Noraza , Abg Naim Abg Sulaiman , Ali Nurlaila , Ashmat Ismail
Published: October 2020

Stress is a reaction to excessive pressure or harassment at work.  It is a physical, mental, or emotional response to events that cause bodily or mental tension.  People in stress conditions may find it is hard to concentrate on any task and cannot be relied on to do their share.  Some employers assume that stressful working conditions turns up the pressure on workers.  A set aside health concerns; it will affect the productivity and profitability in today’s economy.  This paper purposely to identify the level of job stress among government staffs.  This study was carried out using a set of questionnaire and survey method.  The questionnaire was distributed to 150 staffs of Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) Kuching as representative of government sector and was analysed using SPSS version 19.  The study had shown that most of the respondents were moderately stressful.  It is very important that the organisations understands the needs of its employees and provide what is best for the employees.
An Overview of Public Cloud Security Issues
Authors: Heydari Atefeh , Ali Tavakoli Mohammad , Riazi Mohammad
Published: October 2020

Traditionally, computational needs of organizations were alleviated by purchasing, updating and maintaining required equipments. Beside expensive devices, physical space to hold them, technical staffs to maintain them and many other side costs were essential prerequisites of this matter. Nowadays with the development of cloud computing services, a huge number of peoples and organizations are served in terms of computational needs by large scale computing platforms. Offering enormous amounts of economical compute resources on-demand motivates organizations to outsource their computational needs incrementally. Public cloud computing vendors offer their infrastructure to the customers via the internet. It means that the control of customers’ data is not in their hands anymore. Unfortunately various security issues are emerged from this subject. In this paper the security issues of public cloud computing are overviewed. More destructive security issues are highlighted in order to be used by organizations in making better decisions for moving to cloud.
The Impact of Infrastructure on Foreign Direct Investment in Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Nor Asma , Ismail Normaz Wana , Nordin NurHaiza
Published: October 2020

FDI is an important contributor to the development and the transformation of the Malaysian economy, particularly in establishing new industries, enhancing production capacity, employment, trade and technological capability. This study aims to investigate the role of infrastructure on FDI in Malaysia from 1980 to 2013. Time series Malaysian data is used to capture the impact of infrastructure on FDI through ARDL method. The results revealed that besides GDP and exchange rate, infrastructure also had positive impact on FDI in Malaysia. The findings suggest that the reduction of business cost through improvement of infrastructure helped to increase competitiveness in attracting FDI.
Stop Doing Stupid: An Essential Requirement For Effective Teaching, Management And Leadership
Authors: E Smith James
Published: October 2020

There is an old adage that reads “the suffering of fools”, which for this paper is the passive form of the “stop doing stupid” in the title.  For either of these sayings the key concern when dealing with foolishness is not only the loss of resources, in time and money, that result from this indulgence and tolerance, but more importantly the direct impact that not objecting can have on morale and the long-term effectiveness of any decision-making process.  Whether it is during the teaching of students, the management of people and business processes or more importantly the highly involved and visionary leadership process, the need to speak up and to try to mitigate stupid and wasteful interruptions has become an essential requirement if we are to continue to grow socially and economically.  This paper has been prepared to make the case for taking the road less travelled, which has as a reward growing personal self-worth and enhanced social value.  It also has the drawback of becoming identified as one of those few that just can’t sit quietly with their mouths shut when some act of foolishness is in motion.
The Essence of Leadership
Authors: E Smith James , Melroy Samantha Elizabeth , Hunsucker James , Arnold Allison
Published: October 2020

Society has, as one of its base survival techniques, the reinforced training and education of its participants, beginning at an early age.  In order to manifest value to its citizenry, it acts to foster the necessary social and economic skills to maintain the current status quo.  Unfortunately, this has resulted in a reliance on complacency, leading to a more reactive, rather than proactive, culture.  In order to break society of this contentment a more proactive mode of operation will require a more individualized approach in developing specialized skills, such as leadership, within its population.  Leadership, a basic survival instinct in men and women, has the potential to provide individuals with the proactive capability to solve problems more effectively and to anticipate the future needs of the societies they guide.  This paper addresses these issues and provides an example of a practice routine for improving the leadership capabilities of our youth.
CO2 Emission, Energy Consumption and Economic Development in Malaysia
Authors: Muhyidin Hamizah bt , Saifullah Md. Khaled , Fei Yap Su
Published: October 2020

Environmental awareness and its relation to the development of economy have garnered increased attention in recent years. This study analyzes the long-run relationship between environment degradation, economic growth, total energy consumption and industrial production index growth in Malaysia from year 1970 to 2012. The time series data are estimated using Johansen and Julies Cointegration test and VECM Granger causality test. The empirical analysis suggests a long-run cointegration relationship between all series. Granger causality analysis indicates strong evidence of uni-directional Granger causality running from economic growth and industrial production index growth to total energy consumption in the long-run. Also, the result shows evidence of a bi-directional Granger causality between total energy consumption and CO2 emission. This situation suggests that a pollution abatement policies and higher investment to control for CO2 emission will not jeopardize the economic sustainability and industry output in the long run. This study suggests that previous policies should be complimented with increasing the efficiency of energy use by employing a fuel balancing strategies and promoting the use of renewable energy resources like bio-fuel, solar energy and wind.
The Mediating role of second order capabilities on Capabilities-Competitive Advantage linkage: A Capability Life Cycle approach
Authors: Misra Pradeep Kumar
Published: October 2020

I examine the role of second order capabilities on capabilities- competitive advantage relationship and its influence on sustainability of competitive advantage. The concept of capabilities life cycle has been used to explicate the proposed relationship. Discussion also involves impact of velocity of environment on capabilities (operational as well as dynamic capabilities) – competitive advantage relationship. Investigation posit a mediation effect of second order capabilities on capabilities- competitive advantage relationship and they also have potential to help in attaining sustainability of completive advantage, while velocity of environment moderates capabilities- competitive advantage  relationship.
Determinants of Total Factor Productivity of Libyan banks 2004 – 2010
Authors: Alrafadi Khalad M. S.
Published: October 2020

The paper examines the determinants of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of Libyan banks by employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) based Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation regression model for the period 2004 – 2010. For estimate TFP and determinants in this study we used DEAP 2.1 software and we used Evies 7 software for estimating determinants. The results showed that our variables which used in this study are not significant related to TFP.
Workplace Bullying :Shape up or Ship Out
Authors: Rather Bilal Ahmad
Published: October 2020

In these times of global unemployment crises, a job is not just a means of survival but a way of living with dignity and honour. However, things turnaround for significant percentage of working population all over the globe and they don’t find in work what they originally joined it for. The workplace gets hostile to them, people behave aggressively, they feel harassment …. They get bullied. In this study we try to show how big a menace the workplace bullying is. We focus on its devastating effects on the lives of people and the organizational culture. By taking suitable examples from various researches, books, magazines, essays, government reports, NGOs and other highly accepted online sources, we try to show how lethal it could be for an organization if it gives in to the disease of workplace bullying. The study suggests some measures about how management can exercise control and ensure the work environment becomes appealing and result in the better productivity and profitability. Our study is driven by the belief that bullying of every kind needs to be stopped at every level and employees be given the relaxed and dignified workplace to work at. This reading should serve as a motivational tool for the organizations where bullying of any sort is prevalent, to check , control and make sure the employees are taking pride in being part of their work culture. Further, the reader shall gain the significant understanding of people involved in this act and effects it may have on the lives of victims and organizational efficiency.
Value Added Services of Internal Auditors: An Exploratory Study on Consulting Role in Malaysian Environment
Authors: Shahimi Suhaily , Dato' Mahzan Nurmazilah , Zulkifli Norhayah
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the added value that business can gain from the internal auditors via their consulting role. It is an explanatory study that provides an overview of the consulting activities within the business context. In the current complexity and constantly changing business issues, leveraging on the wealth of collective information about the business obtained by internal auditors in order to add value and improve organizational competitiveness would be a good strategy. In the stewardship perspective, internal audit would support the board and management team through consulting role and are expected to provide advice on the business improvement or future investment opportunities if the company is aggressive for new ventures etc. Fifteen (15) in-depth interviews with the Heads of Internal Audit departments from large Malaysian organizations were carried out. This is to investigate the nature, and extent of consulting activity in the companies analyzed. The results show that internal auditors provided consultation upon the request of management, board of directors or audit committee, on ad-hoc basis to help improve business operations and to achieve organizational objectives. This paper contributes to the literature by providing a deeper insight into factors influencing the internal auditors’ consulting role. It investigates an unexplored area of the role of internal auditors as consultants and opens several interesting avenues for future research.
The Mediating effect of Conflict Management styles of School Heads on the relationship between Ethical Climate and Organizational Commitment among Public Elementary Schools in region XI
Authors: Bernaldez ElizabethA , Gempes Gloria P
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of conflict management styles of school heads on the relationship between ethical climate and organizational commitment of teachers among 520 teachers in Davao Region, Philippines. This study employed non-experimental design utilizing descriptive correlation technique. The statistical tools used were mean, pearson-r and regression technique. Research instruments on conflict management styles, ethical climate and organizational commitment which were pilot tested and content validated were used as sources of data. Using pearson-r, the results revealed significant relationships between ethical climate, organizational commitment of teachers, and conflict management styles of school heads. Utilizing medgraph Sobel z-test, the results of the study revealed partial mediating effect of conflict management styles of school heads on the relationship between ethical climate and organizational commitment of teachers. This implies that the mediating role played by conflict management styles of school heads partially assisted in clarifying the process that was responsible for the relationship between ethical climate and organizational commitment of teachers.
Forecasting Techniques and Accuracy of Performance Forecasting
Authors: Chindia E. W.
Published: October 2020

This article explores the impact of the different forecasting methods (FMs) on the accuracy of performance forecasting (APF) in large manufacturing firms (LMFs), in Kenya. The objective of the study was to assess if the different forecasting methods have an influence on any of the aspects of measures of APF. APF, in manufacturing operations, is seldom derived accurately. However, LMFs tend to hire skilled forecasters, to a great extent, to ensure APF when preparing future budgets. The different types of forecasting techniques have been known to influence the behavior of operations resulting in the formulation of either accurate or inaccurate forecasts resulting in either adverse or favorable organizational performance. The study used the three known forecasting methods, objective, subjective and combined forecasting techniques against measures of APF, expected value, growth in market share, return on assets and return on sales. Regression analysis was used applying data collected through a structured questionnaire administered among randomly selected LMFs. Results indicated that there was evidence that APF is influenced by each of the forecasting methods in different ways.
Analysis of Customer Satisfaction: Bank of Bhutan Limited
Authors: Bhattarai Harilal , Kharka Damber S
Published: October 2020

Druk Holding and Investments (DHI) that holds and manages twenty State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Bhutan assesses customer satisfaction annually for five service oriented companies through the independent survey to measure customer service related performances of the companies. This paper uses the data collected by the consulting team in 2013 that covers twenty districts of Bhutan. The team collected the data using structured questionnaire covering different aspects of customer satisfaction. Data was collected from 2123 respondents representing various demographic characters. Besides looking into the descriptive aspects of the statistics, this paper analyses the relational between customer satisfaction level and gender, income groups and educational levels so that each group can be targeted with different strategies.  Findings suggest that all types of customers consider service reliability and value for money (price) as the most important factors that attributes to their satisfaction. It was found out that generally females are more satisfied than male respondents at the same level of service quality indicators. Study further establishes the inverse relationships between customer satisfaction level and income and with educational levels of the customers.
Impact of Tangible or Intangible incentives on job satisfaction among workers
Authors: Ali Syeda Ayat-e-Zainab , Afridi Maryam , Shafi Marrium , Munawar Huda , Alvi Mahmood
Published: October 2020

Incentives either tangible or intangible are the most important or convenient resources that became the basis of workers satisfaction with their jobs. The study attempts to explore the relationship between tangible or intangible incentives and job satisfaction among workers. To achieve the objective, a sample of 100 workers were selected from Pakistan Ordinance Factory, Wah Cantt, Pakistan on basis of purposive sampling technique. Data is collected through the use of reward system questionnaire and Minnesota Satisfaction questionnaire. Statistical Package for social sciences (version, 21) was used for the analyses of data. Results showed that both tangible or intangible incentives are positively related to job satisfaction among workers. Thus, at work settings the rise in the use of incentives is associated with high job satisfaction.
Improving Organisational Health and Safety Performance: Theoretical Framework and Contemporary Approaches
Authors: Pillay Mani
Published: October 2020

This paper is reviews accident causation, prevention and occupational health and safety (OHS) management as an opportunity for improving organisational performance. A theoretical framework based on a periodization scheme is introduced first. This is then used to examine theoretical and practical developments in two inter-twined areas of research; accident causation and OHS management. The key premises, limitations and implications for practice are integrated into this review. The paper concludes with some identified gaps in research and opportunities for progressing organisational OHS performance.
A Study of Value Addition by Information Systems to a Service Providing Business at the Meteorological Services Department in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mwenje Judith , Mukanga Freedom
Published: October 2020

Many companies are using only a portion of what is needed in terms of Information Technologies (IT) and this has caused the researcher to study how best MSD can effectively utilize Management Information Systems (MIS). The objective that directed the study was to investigate value addition by information systems to a service providing business with specific reference to the weather station in Zimbabwe (Meteorological Services Department). Knowing the value added by MIS to one’s business and working environment is key to cope with the ever increasing challenges such as the volume of information resources, nature and quality of information, user needs and expectations, information and communication technology competencies and infrastructure, inflated cost of information resources and staffing needs.  The researcher studied how information systems add value to the daily business of Meteorological Services Department (MSD) in the following areas of the organisation processes: products, quality, management, problem solving and decision of the organisation. The study on value addition by management information systems will assist in the improvement of the MSD in Zimbabwe.

The study used a multistage sampling process for drawing sample from the target population. Secondary and primary data collection methods were used for data collection purposes. The source for primary data was questionnaire. Five different types of Management Information Systems that add value to the MSD were identified;  Management Information Systems, Office Automation Systems, Executive Support Systems, Expert Systems, Decision Support System and Transaction Processing System. From the findings it was concluded that management information systems add value by allowing valid decisions which provide accurate and up-to-date information and performing analytic functions.

This study demonstrated the importance of information systems in an organisation and outlined the fundamental roles of Information Systems (IS) which are to support business processes and operation, support decision making by employees and managers and support strategies for competitive advantage.