bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Where do maverick organization design ideas come from? Approaches to studying the development of organizational design knowledge
Authors: Heusinkveld Stefan , Smits Armand
Published: February 2025

This paper develops a framework comprising a typology of distinct approaches to understanding the development of maverick organization design ideas: design science, life-cycle, dramaturgical and translation. These approaches represent influential but distinct research traditions that vary substantially in their primary assumption of envisioned outcomes and drivers of design knowledge development. Yet, in combination, the insights from these approaches extend research into design theory, as well as provide a broader and more integrative basis for management practitioners to adequately dealing with new maverick organization design ideas.
Claims to universal norms and the forging of transnational networks: Struggles over the meaning of gender-based and sexual violence in conflicts
Authors: Zöhrer Michaela , Methfessel Christian , Stahl Daniel
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the ways in which claims to universal norms promote, or complicate, collaboration in the context of transnational activism. It emphasizes the potential of a constructivist understanding of universality, i.e. not as something intrinsic to certain norms, but rather as an empirically powerful assumption and a strategic tool. The argumentation is based on two case studies. The first looks at how networks of transnational solidarity were formed and conflicts between activist groups emerged in response to conflict-related sexual violence committed during the Bosnian War. The second example looks at responses to the crimes committed by ISIS in Iraq in 2014 and beyond, demonstrating how shifts within the field of transitional justice, and in particular the emergence of norms centered on the concerns and participation of survivors, have shaped the building of networks around the right to reparation.
Prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in lymphoid malignancy
Authors: Kim Hyungsoon , Chung Haerim , Kook Hye Won , Kim Soo-Jeong , Kim Yu Ri , Cho Hyunsoo , Cheong June-Won
Published: February 2025

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is a salvage treatment option for patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies. However, the clinical variables impacting outcomes in these patients remain unclear. We analyzed 58 patients who underwent allo-SCT for lymphoid malignancies, including B-cell lymphoma (BCL, n = 20), Hodgkin’s disease (n = 3), multiple myeloma (n = 9), natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NK/TCL, n = 4), and TCL (n = 22). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 27.4 months, while the median overall survival (OS) was 30.6 months. In univariate analysis, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching and complete remission status post-transplantation were associated with improved PFS and OS. However, only post-transplant response remained significant for both survival outcomes in the multivariate analysis. Moreover, HLA matching was associated with a significantly improved PFS in patients with BCL and NK/TCL, but with better OS only in those with BCL. Complete remission after transplantation was associated with better PFS and OS in patients with BCL, NK/TCL, and TCL. Our results indicate that post-transplant response is an important prognostic indicator in allo-SCT for lymphoid malignancies and may guide clinical decisions and additional treatment.
Two new marine species of Rhinebothrium (Cestoda: Rhinebothriidea) from stingrays from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman
Authors: Omrani S. , Golzarianpour K. , Malek M. , Golestaninasab M. , Seiedy Marjan
Published: February 2025

The genus Rhinebothrium (Cestoda: Rhinebothriidea) comprises tapeworm species parasitizing elasmobranch hosts, particularly batoids. Despite numerous recent findings regarding the ecological importance of marine fish parasites throughout the world, the biodiversity of cestodes inhabiting fishes of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman remains understudied. Here, two new species of Rhinebothrium from stingrays from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman are described: Rhinebothrium gossi sp. nov. and Rhinebothrium palmeri sp. nov. from Maculabatis arabica and Maculabatis randalli, respectively. However, each new cestode species is found with a lower frequency in the other host species, too. These new species were already subjected to a molecular analysis and the revealed genetic distinctiveness requires detailed morphological examinations at the species level. A combination of morphomeristic characteristics including body size, scolex features, proglottid morphology, and reproductive structures distinguish the new species from the other congeners. Although these new species are morphologically similar, however, they differ from each other in the number of testes (6–8 and 8–14), and bothridial loculi (50 and 42 in R. gossi sp. nov. and R. palmeri sp. nov., respectively). These findings contribute to our understanding of marine cestode diversity and underscore the importance of further research in this ecologically significant region.
Echinococcus granulosus’ laminated layer immunomodulates nitric oxide, cytokines, and MMPs in PBMC from rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Ameur F. , Amri M. , Djebbara S. , Soufli I. , Boussa R.-S. , Benazzouz S. , Boutemine I.-M. , Benkhelifa S. , Bouchemal M. , Mekhloufi-Dahou C. , Hanni F. , Yakoubi M. , Lefkir S.T. , Abdellaoui S. , Arroul-Lammali A. , Idris N.S. , Belguendouz H. , Touil-Boukoffa C.
Published: February 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the joints. Treatments are symptomatic and can induce side effects in some patients. In this sense and based on previous studies, our aim was to investigate the ex vivo immunoregulatory effect of the laminated layer (LL) during rheumatoid arthritis. LL is the outside layer of parasitic cyst of the helminth Echinococcus granulosus.

Our main objective was to study the effect of LL on nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines production, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activities, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor κappa B (NF-κB) expression. In this context, cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Algerian RA patients in active (ARA) and inactive (IRA) stage of the disease were stimulated with LL extract (50, 100, 150μg/mL). However, PBMC from ARA patients were stimulated with methotrexate (MTX; 0.5μg/mL) and biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs): anti-TNFα (10μg/mL), anti-IL6 (10μg/mL), anti-CD20 (10μg/mL), alone or combined with LL (50μg/mL).

Our results showed that LL reduced NO, TNF-α, and IL-17A production, MMP9/2 activities, and iNOS/NF-κB expression in PBMC from ARA patients. Concomitantly, LL increases IL-10 and TGF-β1 production in the same cultures. Interestingly, the decrease in NO production induced by bDMARDs was greater in association with LL.

Collectively, our findings indicate a strong immunoregulatory effect of LL on NO, MMPs, and cytokines. LL probably acts through the NF-κB pathway. The development of biodrugs derived from LL of E. granulosus could be a potential candidate to modulate inflammation during RA.
Supplemental description of Stephanoprora ornata Odhner, 1902 (Digenea: Echinochasmidae) infecting the Nile crocodile, Crocodylus niloticus (Crocodylidae) from Namibia with emendation of Mesorchis Dietz, 1909 and a phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Cajiao-Mora K. , Dutton H.R. , Jacobs F.J. , Beytell P.C. , Netherlands E.C. , DuPreez L.H. , Bullard S.A.
Published: February 2025

The synonymies of the echinochasmid genera Mesorchis Dietz, 1909 and Monilifer Dietz, 1909 with Stephanoprora Odhner, 1902 remain contentious and unresolved with morphology. To explore the matter, we herein provide a supplemental description of the type species of Stephanoprora, Stephanoprora ornata Odhner, 1902, based on specimens we collected from the intestine of a Nile crocodile Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti, 1768 (Crocodylia: Crocodylidae) captured in the Kavango River, Namibia. No nucleotide information was available previously for S. ornata. Morphology plus 28S and ITS2 phylogenetic analyses suggested Stephanoprora is a monotypic genus that can be differentiated from other genera by having 26 collar spines. Stephanoprora differs from Mesorchis by the number and distribution of collar spines (26 [2 dorsal spines, 12 lateral spines, 12 corner spines] vs. 22 [2 dorsal spines, 12 lateral spines, 8 corner spines] in Mesorchis), length of the pre-pharyngeal oesophagus, pharynx position posterior to collar (vs. pre-pharyngeal oesophagus short, pharynx anterior to or at level of corner spines), and testes shape (elongate-ovoid, irregular in outline vs. ovoid, atypically elongated). Our 28S and ITS2 phylogenies recovered the new sequence of S. ornata (having 26 collar spines) sister to all remaining echinochasmid sequences, representing species that have 20–24 collar spines. Echinochasmus Dietz, 1909 and Mesorchis were recovered as paraphyletic. We retain Monilifer as a junior subjective synonym of Echinochasmus based a suite of morphological features related to body shape and genitalia and because the designated type for Monilifer was reassigned to Echinochasmus. We accept 25 species of Mesorchis.
The light side of darkness?
Authors: Ebn-Abbasi Faramarz , Fattahi Nazila , Dewaele Jean-Marc , Botes Elouise
Published: February 2025

The duality of human nature, consisting of positive and negative personality traits, has intrigued scholars in different fields. Despite an overwhelming dominance of research on positive characteristics, particularly in the field of education, negative traits, such as those constituting the Dark Triad (DT; i.e., Psychopathy, Narcissism, and Machiavellianism) have been confirmed to be associated with both positive and detrimental outcomes. This paper aims to investigate the potential influence of these aversive traits on second language (L2) learning outcomes—L2 learning motivation, engagement, achievement, and willingness to communicate. L2 learners from a single country (n = 431) participated in this study. Multiple structural equation models (SEMs) were run to analyze the links and the directionality of significant effects. Overall, among the undesirable DT traits, Psychopathy and Narcissism were both positive and negative predictors of the L2 outcomes, while Machiavellianism unexpectedly emerged solely as a positive predictor. The intricacy of the results underscores the vague nature of the effects, pinpointing the need for more caution while examining negative personality traits in education and the L2 contexts. Based on the results of this study, implications and directions for future research on DT and language learning are suggested.
Motor learning theory can benefit seafarers
Authors: Sanli Elizabeth A.
Published: February 2025

Safe and effective navigation of the world's oceans and waterways relies on maritime education and training. This involves the learning of motor, procedural and verbal components of complex skills. Motor learning theory evaluates training variables, such as instructions, feedback and scheduling, to determine best practices for long-term retention of such skills. Motor learning theory has come a long way from focusing primarily on underlying cognitive processes to now including individual and contextual characteristics in making predictions about instructional strategies and their role in performance and learning. A remaining challenge in applying recent motor learning theory to maritime education and training is a lack of empirical testing of complex vocational skills, such as simulation scenarios, with delayed retention and transfer tests. Incorporating theory-based understanding of beneficial instructional practices, through both cognitive approaches and those considering context and environment, task complexity and learner characteristics is a fruitful way forward in advancing maritime education and training.
Improved Gaussian mean-shift radar dynamic bias registration
Authors: Pan Jiang Huai
Published: February 2025

Aiming at the error estimation problem of a radar detection system when the variation law of system error is unknown, an improved Gaussian mean-shift radar dynamic error registration algorithm (IGMSR) is proposed. The algorithm can effectively adapt to the variation of system error when the variation law of system error is unknown. The IGMSR algorithm uses the mean-shift method to contribute different characteristics to the estimation results of different sample points, and constructs weight coefficients according to the deviation of sample points from the mean and sampling time. The simulation results show that more than 90% of the constant system errors can be eliminated; for the systematic error with slow change, more than 80% of the bias can be eliminated in real time, while a previous method of Zhu and Wang (2018) can only eliminate 60% of the systematic error and require the change law to be known. This method overcomes the influence of random error and abnormal point, and the estimation results are more robust.
Review of ship navigation safety in fog
Authors: Ding Gege , Li Runze , Li Chunxu , Yang Bingdong , Li Yiqin , Yu Qiaochan , Geng Xiongfei , Yao Zhixuan , Zhang Ke , Wen Jie
Published: February 2025

In the contemporary maritime industry, characterised by intense competition, reduced visibility due to heavy fog is a primary cause of accidents, significantly impairing maritime operational efficiency. Consequently, investigating foggy weather navigation safety holds crucial practical significance. This paper, through an analysis and synthesis of various aspects of foggy navigation technology, including foggy navigation regulations at different ports, fog warnings, foggy vessel environmental perception and foggy auxiliary navigation systems, explores the key issues concerning vessel navigation during foggy conditions from a scientific perspective. This discussion encompasses the aspects of regulatory frameworks, standardisation, and the development of intelligent and responsive onboard equipment. Finally, the paper offers a glimpse into potential strategies for fog navigation.
Friendship buffering effects on mental health symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A UK longitudinal study of young people with childhood adversity
Authors: König Maximilian , Smith Alicia J. , Moreno-López Laura , Davidson Eugenia , Dauvermann Maria , Orellana Sofia , McCormick Ethan M. , Peris Tara S. , Kaser Muzaffer , Ioannidis Konstantinos , van Harmelen Anne-Laura
Published: February 2025

Young people with childhood adversity (CA) were at increased risk to experience mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pre-pandemic research identified high-quality friendship support as a protective factor that can buffer against the emergence of mental health problems in young people with CA. This longitudinal study investigated friendship buffering effects on mental health symptoms before and at three timepoints during the pandemic in 102 young people (aged 16–26) with low to moderate CA. Multilevel analyses revealed a continuous increase in depression symptoms following the outbreak. Friendship quality was perceived as elevated during lockdowns and returned to pre-pandemic baseline levels during reopening. A stress-sensitizing effect of CA on social functioning was evident, as social thinning occurred following the outbreak. Bivariate latent change score modeling revealed that before and during the pandemic, young people with greater friendship quality self-reported lower depression symptoms and vice versa. Furthermore, sequential mediation analysis showed that high-quality friendships before the pandemic buffered depression symptoms during the pandemic through reducing perceived stress. These findings highlight the importance of fostering stable and supportive friendships in young people with CA and suggest that through reducing stress perceptions high-quality friendships can mitigate mental health problems during times of multidimensional stress.
How language proficiency and age of acquisition affect executive control in bilinguals: continuous versus dichotomous analysis approaches
Authors: Xia Lihua , Sorace Antonella , Vega-Mendoza Mariana , Bak Thomas
Published: February 2025

Researchers have argued that grouping heterogeneous linguistic profiles under a dichotomous condition might mask the cognitive effects of bilingualism. The current study used two different analysis approaches (i.e., continuous versus dichotomous) to examine inhibitory control in a sample of 239 young adult bilinguals. Dividing the sample into dichotomous groups based on L2 proficiency (i.e., high-proficient versus low-proficient) and L2 AoA (i.e., early versus late) did not lead to reliable group differences in any of the measurements used. However, the use of a continuous measure revealed that higher L2 proficiency predicted better visual inhibition and earlier L2 AoA was associated with better auditory inhibition. Furthermore, the observed differences were limited to tasks involving stimulus–stimulus competition, but not stimulus–response competition. These findings shed new light on the importance of conceptualising bilingualism as a continuous measure rather than a dichotomous measure and previous research on bilingual performance in different cognitive tasks.
Community language exposure affects voice onset time patterns in Spanish-English bilingual children and functional English monolingual children
Authors: Mayr Robert , Montanari Simona , Steffman Jeremy , Baghom Manifa
Published: February 2025

This study examined English VOT productions by 37 Spanish-English bilingual children and 37 matched functional monolinguals, all aged 3–6 years, from the same Latinx community. It also assessed the bilinguals’ Spanish stop productions and investigated the effects of age and language exposure on their VOT productions. The results revealed credible between-group differences on English voiced, but not voiceless, stops, with shorter VOTs for bilinguals. However, both groups exhibited similar pre-voicing levels, which may suggest an effect of the community language, Spanish, not only on the bilinguals’ English VOT patterns but also the monolinguals’. The study also found cross-linguistic differentiation of voiceless stops, but not voiced ones, in the bilinguals’ productions and revealed effects of age and exposure not only on VOT in Spanish but also in the majority language, English. These findings have important implications for the conceptualization of monolingual-bilingual comparisons in settings where the community and majority language coexist.
Same difference? Interrogating the security politics of COVID-19 in the ‘democratic’ United Kingdom and ‘authoritarian’ Thailand
Authors: Magcamit Michael , Chinudomsub Pradit
Published: February 2025

How do different regime types execute a security response during a pandemic? We interrogate the politics of monopolistic securitization which we argue to have significantly directed and influenced the COVID-19 policy strategies adopted in the ‘democratic’ United Kingdom (UK) and ‘authoritarian’ Thailand. Despite their stark political differences, we contend that the British and Thai states’ parallel resort to monopolistic securitization as an overarching pandemic approach effectively made them ‘functionally similar’ by producing security responses that differed only in magnitude and scale but not in kind. Integrating securitization and democratic standards violations frameworks, we find out that the British and Thai authorities’ monopolistic securitization of COVID-19 initially constrained the intersubjective process required to socially construct the pandemic as a primary existential threat endangering both countries. This significantly diminished their public audiences’ individual/agential and collective/institutional capacity to deliberate the immediate emergency measures they unilaterally deployed, particularly during the pandemic’s early stages. Consequently, whether it was in the UK with a supposedly robust democracy or in Thailand with at best a hybrid regime if not outright authoritarian, the security responses that emerged constituted varying types and degrees of violations within the illiberal-authoritarian spectrum. Nevertheless, as the pandemic progressed, the fundamental deliberative-iterative mechanism underpinning securitization enabled the British and Thai public audiences to gradually reclaim their role and space, allowing them to challenge the appropriateness and legitimacy of the existing emergency measures, thereby weakening the states’ monopolistic control over the process.
RANK 2
$\ell $
-ADIC LOCAL SYSTEMS AND HIGGS BUNDLES OVER A CURVE
Authors: Yu Hongjie
Published: February 2025

Let X be a smooth, projective and geometrically connected curve defined over a finite field

${\mathbb {F}}_q$

of characteristic p different from

$2$

and

$S\subseteq X$

a subset of closed points. Let

$\overline {X}$

and

$\overline {S}$

be their base changes to an algebraic closure of

${\mathbb {F}}_q$

. We study the number of

$\ell $

-adic local systems

$(\ell \neq p)$

in rank

$2$

over

$\overline {X}-\overline {S}$

with all possible prescribed tame local monodromies fixed by k-fold iterated action of Frobenius endomorphism for every

$k\geq 1$

. In all cases, we confirm conjectures of Deligne predicting that these numbers behave as if they were obtained from a Lefschetz fixed point formula. In fact, our counting results are expressed in terms of the numbers of some Higgs bundles.
Formal and informal institutions: some problems of meaning, impact, and interaction
Authors: Hodgson Geoffrey M.
Published: February 2025

Taking inspiration from the work of Douglass North, much institutional research attempts a distinction between ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ institutions. North often associated ‘formal institutions’ with rules enforced through a legal system. It is suggested here that this lead should be followed and refined. In which case ‘legal system’ and ‘law’ require definitions. An alternative claim, that ‘formal’ basically means ‘written down’, is arguably less useful. Stressing the importance of clear definitions in this area, this paper considers a case where slight modifications yield strikingly different results. Some options concerning the meanings of ‘culture’ and their relation to institutions are briefly noted. Changes in, and interactions between, ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ institutions are considered, with illustrative examples. Contrary to some authors, informal institutions can sometimes change rapidly, in some cases in response to state legislation.
Compact 8-port EMSIW MIMO antenna with high isolation for sub-6 GHz communication systems
Authors: Srivastava Gunjan , Kumar Vimal , Mohan Akhilesh
Published: February 2025

A compact 8-port eighth-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (EMSIW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented in this paper. It consists of eight EMSIW cavities placed side by side sharing their open-ended edges which are separated by rectangular slots. High isolation (>22 dB) between the antenna elements over the entire operating band is obtained by the strategic placement of rectangular slots and vias. The open-ended region of EMSIW cavity resonator and the edges of the diagonal slots help in the excitation of TE110 mode at 5.5 GHz. The simulated bandwidth of MIMO antenna is 180 MHz, while the measured bandwidth is 220 MHz. The proposed MIMO antenna system has potential applications for sub-6 GHz communication systems.
A comparison of near-field to far-field transformation techniques for use with industrial multi-axis robotic antenna measurement systems
Authors: Gregson S.F. , Parini C.G. , Lewis D. , Cooper W.
Published: February 2025

This invited, extended, paper compares and contrasts a number of different near-field (NF) to far-field (FF) transformation algorithms that can be used for the purpose of processing NF data acquired using multi-axis industrial robots. The merits and limitations of these various, commonly encountered algorithms are highlighted with comparison FF data presented across a frequency range spanning 3–15 GHz. Crucially, the paper explores the viability of using mixed mode acquisition geometries when performing antenna gain measurements where, prior to this work, several of the transforms yielded different transform gains, and electrical lengths. Here, we verify that at 8 GHz and above, where truncation effects were minimal, for a circa 30 dBi gain (at 8 GHz) test antenna the FF peaks were in agreement to better than ±0.02 dB, at 3σ irrespective of the acquisition geometry and transform algorithm used. In this invited, extended work, the existing simulation results are augmented with experimental results obtained from planar and spherical NF measurements of a pyramidal horn taken using a dual robotic antenna measurement system and a consistent distributed RF subsystem.
Wearable CNT/PAni/fabric piezoresistive sensor for continuous blood pressure monitoring
Authors: Barati Milad , Nikfarjam Alireza
Published: February 2025

Wearable pressure sensors with high sensitivity, fast response time, and low detection limit have great potential for blood pressure monitoring and early diagnosis of hypertension. This article introduces a piezoresistive pressure sensor based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), polyaniline (PAni), and fabric (CNT/PAni/fabric) for health monitoring applications. This sensor is made by using two layers of linen fabric coated with CNT and PAni. These layers are placed on a polyester fabric substrate. One of the coated layers has a mesh structure, which increases the sensitivity of the sensor and lowers its detection limit. The CNT/PAni/fabric sensor has a high sensitivity of 2.035 kPa−1 at pressures from 0 to 0.2 kPa, a response time of 290 ms, and a detection limit of 1.5 Pa. These features make it suitable for measuring blood pressure. The results obtained by measuring blood pressure using the pulse transit time method on four people, compared with the values obtained using the digital sphygmomanometer, show a discrepancy ranging between 0.019% and 1.62%. Also, the average error and standard deviation for the sensor measurement in systolic and diastolic pressures are 0.56 ± 0.33 and 0.57 ± 0.46, respectively, which shows that measurement with this sensor can be an alternative to existing devices.
Canopy Temperature Reveals Disparities in Urban Tree Benefits
Authors: Wilkening Jean V. , Feng Xue
Published: February 2025

Urban trees are increasingly used by cities for cooling and climate adaptation. However, efforts to increase tree cover across cities have neglected to account for the trees' health and function, which are known to control their associated environmental benefits but have been difficult to assess at scales relevant for management. Here, we use remotely sensed, high resolution canopy temperature as a proxy for tree health and function and evaluate its relation to the built environment across Minneapolis‐St. Paul (MSP) using machine learning analyses. We develop a new index that incorporates information on urban trees' health and function, in addition to their presence. This index, when applied across MSP, suggests that canopy benefits may not be distributed equally even in neighborhoods with similar canopy cover. Furthermore, accounting for tree health and function can yield more effective and equitable benefits by guiding the location and magnitude of intervention for urban tree management.
Integrating Gravity, Magnetic, and Magnetotelluric Data Over Devon Ice Cap, Canadian Arctic, to Investigate the Subglacial Geology
Authors: Killingbeck Siobhan F. , Unsworth Martyn J. , Young Duncan A. , Rutishauser Anja , Yan Shuai , Beem Lucas H. , Richter Thomas G. , Blankenship Donald D. , Dubnick Ashley , Criscitiello Alison S. , Vestrum Zoe , Greenbaum Jamin , Dow Christine F.
Published: February 2025

The subglacial geology beneath Devon Ice Cap (DIC) is not well understood. An airborne radar study published in 2018 suggested the presence of a hypersaline, subglacial lake beneath DIC where geologic modeling suggested that the source of the brine was an underlying evaporite‐rich sedimentary unit. However recent surface based seismic and electromagnetic data have revealed the absence of subglacial water beneath the center of DIC. Continued studies of this subglacial environment require knowledge of the sediments and bedrock beneath the ice. In this study we combine previously published geology and geothermal studies with new surface‐based magnetotelluric, airborne gravity and aeromagnetic data, to investigate the subglacial geology under DIC. The integrated results show that beneath the center of DIC there is likely a frozen sedimentary unit (3,000–6,000 Ωm) overlying unfrozen crystalline basement rocks of the Canadian shield (400–2,000 Ωm), at depths of 1,500 m–2,000 m. This agrees with recent studies of ice dynamics on DIC, where glacier velocities are low (<20 m a−1), within the interior regions of DIC implying the ice is dominantly frozen to the bed. Furthermore, relatively low‐density sedimentary rocks (∼2.2 g/cm3) are the likely cause of the gravity low (−50 to −70 mgal) observed in the northeast of the ice cap and could have implications for future ice dynamics.
The expression and functional role of proline-rich 15 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ji Yong , Zhang Han , Gong Fei-long , Liang Jia-long , Wang Sheng-fei , Sang Yong-hua , Zheng Ming-feng
Published: February 2025

Proline-rich 15 (PRR15) is a protein primarily known for its role in placental development. This study investigates the expression, functional significance, and underlying mechanisms of PRR15 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our findings demonstrate significantly elevated PRR15 expression in NSCLC tissues compared to normal lung parenchyma, with higher expression correlating with adverse clinical outcomes. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed PRR15 overexpression within the malignant tumor cell population. PRR15 expression was elevated in NSCLC tissues from locally treated patients and in a panel of primary and established NSCLC cells. PRR15 depletion using shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout significantly suppressed proliferation and migration, while promoting apoptosis in various NSCLC cells. Conversely, ectopic PRR15 overexpression using a lentiviral construct enhanced cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistic investigations implicated PRR15 in the activation of the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of PRR15 expression via shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout resulted in decreased Akt and S6K phosphorylation, while PRR15 overexpression led to augmented Akt-S6K signaling in primary human NSCLC cells. In vivo studies using xenograft models further validated the oncogenic role of PRR15, demonstrating that PRR15 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and attenuated Akt-mTOR activation. These findings collectively highlight the potential of PRR15 as a novel oncogenic driver and therapeutic target in NSCLC.
Insights on the crosstalk among different cell death mechanisms
Authors: Eskander Georgette , Abdelhamid Sherihan G. , Wahdan Sara A. , Radwan Sara M.
Published: February 2025

The phenomenon of cell death has garnered significant scientific attention in recent years, emerging as a pivotal area of research. Recently, novel modalities of cellular death and the intricate interplay between them have been unveiled, offering insights into the pathogenesis of various diseases. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate molecular mechanisms, inducers, and inhibitors of the underlying prevalent forms of cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis, mitophagy, and pyroptosis. Moreover, it elucidates the crosstalk and interconnection among the key pathways or molecular entities associated with these pathways, thereby paving the way for the identification of novel therapeutic targets, disease management strategies, and drug repurposing.
Upcycling of polyamides through chemical hydrolysis and engineered Pseudomonas putida
Authors: de Witt Jan , Luthe Tom , Wiechert Johanna , Jensen Kenneth , Polen Tino , Wirtz Astrid , Thies Stephan , Frunzke Julia , Wynands Benedikt , Wierckx Nick
Published: February 2025

Aliphatic polyamides, or nylons, are widely used in the textile and automotive industry due to their high durability and tensile strength, but recycling rates are below 5%. Chemical recycling of polyamides is possible but typically yields mixtures of monomers and oligomers which hinders downstream purification. Here, Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was engineered to metabolize C6-polyamide monomers such as 6-aminohexanoic acid, ε-caprolactam and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, guided by adaptive laboratory evolution. Heterologous expression of nylonases also enabled P. putida to metabolize linear and cyclic nylon oligomers derived from chemical polyamide hydrolysis. RNA sequencing and reverse engineering revealed the metabolic pathways for these non-natural substrates. To demonstrate microbial upcycling, the phaCAB operon from Cupriavidus necator was heterologously expressed to enable production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from PA6 hydrolysates. This study presents a microbial host for the biological conversion, in combination with chemical hydrolysis, of polyamide monomers and mixed polyamids hydrolysates to a value-added product.
An integrated workflow combining machine learning and wavelet transform for automated characterization of heterogeneous groundwater systems
Authors: Mohammed Musaab A. A. , Szabó Norbert P. , Eltijani Abdelrhim , Szűcs Péter
Published: February 2025

Groundwater aquifers are complex systems that require accurate lithological and hydrogeological characterization for effective development and management. Traditional methods, such as core analysis and pumping tests provide precise results but are expensive, time-consuming, and impractical for large-scale investigations. Geophysical well logging data offers an efficient and continuous alternative, though manual interpretation of well logs can be challenging and may result in ambiguous outcomes. This research introduces an automated approach using machine learning and signal processing techniques to enhance the aquifer characterization, focusing on the Quaternary system in the Debrecen area, Eastern Hungary. The proposed methodology is initiated with the imputation of missing deep resistivity logs from spontaneous potential, natural gamma ray, and medium resistivity logs utilizing a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network. This preprocessing step significantly improved the data quality for subsequent analyses. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) are then applied to the preprocessed well logs to map the distribution of the lithological units across the groundwater system. Considering the mathematical and geological aspects, the SOMs delineated three primary lithological units: shale, shaly sand, and sand and gravel which aligned closely with drilling data. Continuous wavelet transform analysis further refined the mapping of lithological and hydrostratigraphical boundaries. The integrated methods effectively mapped the subsurface aquifer generating a 3D lithological model that simplifies the aquifer into four major hydrostratigraphical zones. The delineated lithology aligned closely with the deterministically estimated shale volume and permeability, revealing higher permeability and lower shale volume in the sandy and gravelly layers. This model provides a robust foundation for groundwater flow and contaminant transport modeling and can be extended to other regions for improved aquifer management and development.
The effects of SO2 impurities on CO2 electroreduction on bare silver and SiO2 coated silver in different cell geometries
Authors: Li Ming , Fu Shilong , Kortlever Ruud , van Ommen J. Ruud
Published: February 2025

Electrochemical CO2 reduction presents an opportunity to transform waste flue gas with water and renewable electricity into chemicals or fuels.
Evaporated organic–MoO3 composite hole transport layers toward stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Hong Jisu , Xu Zhaojian , Hu Tuo , Lee Sujin , Gui Manting , Kahn Antoine , Rand Barry P.
Published: February 2025

The release and diffusion of corrosive iodine species limit perovskite solar cell (PSC) stability. An organic-MoO3 composite hole transport layer (HTL) with enhanced thermal stability is devised to suppress iodine diffusion and improve PSC stability.
Poly(malic acid) copolymers as degradable rheology modifiers in aqueous formulations
Authors: Picken Christina A. R. , Buensoz Orla , Fidge Christopher , Price Paul , Shaver Michael P.
Published: February 2025

Branched co-polyesters built from malic acid are synthesised and trialed as degradable polymeric rheology modifiers, characterizing their branching topology, viscoelastic properties and hydrolytic stability.
Photoredox catalytic phosphine-mediated deoxygenative alkynylation of carboxylic acids with alkynyl sulfones for alkynone synthesis
Authors: Tang Wen-Huan , Wu Li-Yuan , Zhou Quan-Quan , Wan Jie-Ping
Published: February 2025

The synthesis of ynones has been realized via visible light-induced alkynylation of carboxylic acids with alkynyl sulfones as the alkynyl source, providing a mild and green new protocol for the synthesis of useful ynones.
Synthesis, biological and pharmacokinetic characterization of a novel leucine ureido derivative as a multi-target anticancer agent
Authors: Shi Fangyuan , Xu Qifu , Zhang Yingjie , Cao Jiangying , Liu Chunxi , Liu Anchang
Published: February 2025

A new leucine ureido derivative compound 3 exhibited potent antitumor properties, excellent in vitro stability and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties, was a promising lead for further development.
Neuroprotective thiazole sulfonamides against 6-OHDA-induced Parkinsonian model: in vitro biological and in silico pharmacokinetic assessments
Authors: Ruankham Waralee , Pingaew Ratchanok , Prachayasittikul Veda , Worachartcheewan Apilak , Sathuphong Suphissara , Apiraksattayakul Setthawut , Tantimongcolwat Tanawut , Prachayasittikul Virapong , Prachayasittikul Supaluk , Phopin Kamonrat
Published: February 2025

Novel thiazole sulfonamides revealed capabilities against 6-OHDA-induced neuronal damage via SIRT1 activity. Thus, these neuroprotective thiazole sulfonamides could be promising candidates for the further development of effective PD therapy.
The best of both worlds: stacked catalytic layers for the electrocatalytic generation of CO in zero-gap electrolysers
Authors: Hoof Lucas , Pellumbi Kevinjeorjios , Güney Didem Cansu , Blaudszun Dennis , Bommas Franz , Siegmund Daniel , Puring Kai junge , Cao Rui , Weber Katharina , Apfel Ulf-Peter
Published: February 2025

Tailoring the properties of the catalytic layer (CL) and its architecture is crucial for enhancing both the efficiency and selectivity of CO2 electrolysers.
Asymptotic properties and optimal control of rainfall models involving forest-lake effects
Authors: Huang Jialiang , Fu Xianlong
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the dynamical properties and optimal control problems for rainfall models involving effects of forests and lakes. First a deterministic model is established and the existence and asymptotic stability of equilibria as well as the optimal control problem are investigated. Then white noise is incorporated into the deterministic model and it is transformed to a stochastic differential system. The existence of solutions and the extent of white noise's effect on the steady state are considered for the resulting stochastic model. The optimal control problem for this stochastic model is studied as well. Additionally, Lévy noise is also introduced to the rainfall model to consider the influence of extreme climate conditions on rainfall. For this model existence of solutions and the specific disturbance caused by Lévy noise to the steady state are explored. Finally, some numerical simulations, discussion and an application are provided to illustrate the achieved results.
A non-compensated Clark-Ocone formula for functionals of counting processes
Authors: Hillairet Caroline , Peyrat Thomas , Réveillac Anthony
Published: February 2025

In this paper we develop a representation formula of Clark-Ocone type for any integrable
Poisson functionals, which extends the Poisson imbedding for point processes. This repre-
sentation formula diﬀers from the classical Clark-Ocone formula on three accounts. First
the representation holds with respect to the Poisson measure instead of the compensated
one; second the representation holds true in L1 and not in L2; and finally contrary to the
classical Clark-Ocone formula the integrand is defined as a pathwise operator and not as
a L2-limiting object. We make use of Malliavin’s calculus and of a decomposition with
uncompensated iterated integrals derived in [HR24] to establish this non-compensated
Clark-Ocone representation formula and to characterize the integrand, which turns out
to be a predictable integrable process.
Revisiting search methods for the bounded-diameter minimum spanning tree problem
Authors: Rosseti Isabel , Nepomuceno Rogério M. , Mafort Rodrigo L. , Protti Fábio , Simonetti Luidi , Vallim Edoarda
Published: February 2025

The Bounded-Di\-am\-e\-ter Minimum Spanning Tree Problem (BDMSTP) is defined as follows: Given a graph $G$ where each edge $xy$ has a positive cost $w_{xy}$, the goal is to find an optimal spanning tree of $G$ whose diameter does not exceed a prescribed positive integer $D\geq 2$. Applications of the BDMSTP appear in telecommunication network and fiber optic projects, data compression problems, and distributed systems design. This work revisits search methods for the  BDMSTP and proposes alternative combinations of local search moves, intending to select efficient sets of moves and improve the quality of the solutions found in the literature. For small 50- and 100-node instances from the widely-used OR-Library, we obtain exact solutions whose optimal values were so far unknown. Having solved these easier cases, we can then concentrate our efforts on solving more challenging OR-Library graph instances with 250, 500, and 1000 nodes. The process of selecting efficient sets of search moves is done by encapsulating different local search versions (based on the Variable Neighborhood Descent method) in an ILS approach. Some new neighborhoods are also proposed. Computational tests show that these neighborhoods allowed the proposed ILS approach to obtain better results than those presented in the literature.
Limited accuracy of transtibial aiming for anatomical femoral tunnel positioning in ACL reconstruction
Authors: Mastrokalos Dimitrios , Roustemis Anastasios G. , Koulalis Dimitrios
Published: February 2025

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common knee injury, and with advancements in knee arthroscopy, ACL reconstruction has become common. Techniques like single-double bundle and femoral tunnel drilling via transtibial or anteromedial portal approaches are available. This study evaluates the accuracy of femoral tunnel placement via these approaches in single-bundle ACL reconstruction. Materials and methods: Forty-three ACL reconstructions using hamstring grafts were analyzed. Initially, femoral tunnels were drilled via the anteromedial portal from 09:30 to 10:00 (14:00 to 14:30 for left knees). Tibial tunnels (mean anteroposterior angle: 63.5°, sagittal: 64.2°) were then created with the same diameter, accompanied by radiological documentation. A femoral aiming device was used to place a K-wire at the center of the femoral tunnel, recorded photographically. Tunnel diameters included 7 mm (20 cases), 7.5 mm (11 cases), 8 mm (7 cases), 8.5 mm (3 cases), and 9 mm (1 case). Two observers evaluated all radiological and photographic data, focusing on the deviation of the transtibial K-wire from the femoral tunnel center. Results: Of 38 evaluated cases, the transtibial K-wire was within the femoral tunnel in 11 cases (28.9%) – 7 cases with 7 mm, 2 cases each with 7.5 mm and 8 mm diameters. In 23 cases (60.5%), the K-wire was at the perimeter or outside the femoral tunnel – 11 cases with 7 mm, 8 with 7.5 mm, 4 with 8 mm, 3 with 8.5 mm, and 1 with 9 mm diameters. Conclusion: Transtibial aiming for anatomical femoral tunnel positioning is challenging. No significant correlation was found between the transtibial deviation and the tibial tunnel diameter.
1994–2024: 30 Jahre FIDE – Tropengynäkologie
Authors: Wacker Jürgen
Published: February 2025

Aus Anlass des 30-jährigen Bestehens der AG FIDE (Frauengesundheit in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit) wurde Prof. Jürgen Wacker, der Gründungsvorsitzende dieser Arbeitsgemeinschaft, gebeten, im Rahmen der Tagung der DTG in Düsseldorf am 21.09.2024 einen Vortrag über die Geschichte dieser AG und deren zukünftige Ziele zu halten. Im Folgenden wird der Inhalt dieses Vortrags zusammengefasst wiedergegeben.
Vergleich qualitativer Resultate von vier Farbsehtests der Schweizer Luftwaffe
Authors: Mathieu Yannic , Roy Sylvain , von Wattenwyl Robert , Theiler Lorenz , Bron Denis
Published: February 2025

Um das Farbsehen von Piloten- und Fluglotsenanwärtern zu testen, verwendet die Schweizer Luftwaffe 4 von der Europäischen Agentur für Flugsicherheit (EASA) zugelassene Farbsehtests: die pseudoisochromatischen Ishiharaplatten, den Spectrolux Lampentest, das Heidelberger Multicolor Anomaloskop und den Color Assessment and Diagnosis Test. Durch diverse Studien ist bekannt, dass diese Tests nicht immer einheitliche Ergebnisse liefern. Daher ist es wichtig, auch etablierte Farbsehtestverfahren kritisch zu hinterfragen. Denn von der Zuverlässigkeit dieser Farbsehtests hängen nicht nur viele individuelle Berufskarrieren ab, vielmehr haben die Resultate weitreichende flugsicherheitsrelevante Auswirkungen. Ziel dieser Studie ist es daher, das etablierte Farbsehtestverfahren der Schweizer Luftwaffe auf die Anforderungen der EASA zu überprüfen. Werden Fluglotsenanwärter zuverlässig als normale Trichromaten und Pilotenanwärter verlässlich als farbsicher identifiziert, wie es die EASA fordert?
Nicht nur schüchtern: Was Pädiater über Selektiven Mutimus wissen
sollten
Authors: Gensthaler Angelika , Röse Carolin
Published: February 2025

Der Selektive Mutismus (SM) ist eine Angsterkrankung, die etwa 1 % aller Kinder betrifft; mehrsprachige
Kinder erkranken mit einer Prävalenz von 2–3 % noch häufiger. Etwa 30–50 % der Betroffenen zeigen
Sprachentwicklungsauffälligkeiten. Kernsymptom ist ein situationsspezifisches Unvermögen zu sprechen,
während die Kinder in anderen Situationen ihre Sprachkompetenz weitgehend ungehemmt zeigen. Mutistisches
Verhalten wird oft von einer psychomotorischen Gehemmtheit, bis hin zu Freezing-Phänomenen, begleitet.
Der SM beginnt in der Regel mit 2–4 Jahren, fällt aber oft erst nach Eintritt in Kindergarten oder Schule
auf. Aufgrund der starken Tendenz zur Chronifizierung, der schweren psychosozialen und
schulisch-beruflichen Funktionseinschränkungen und der mit steigendem Alter zunehmenden
Behandlungsresistenz sind ein pädiatrisches Screening im Kindergartenalter und sofortige diagnostische
und ggf. therapeutische Maßnahmen für die Prognose entscheidend.
Problematische Mediennutzung in der Adoleszenz – Dark Patterns und mediale
Bindungsfaktoren
Authors: Wiedemann Hanna , Busch Katharina , Thomasius Rainer , Paschke Kerstin
Published: February 2025

Digitale-Medien-Nutzungsstörungen (DMNS) im Kindes- und Jugendalter stellen in der heutigen
mediatisierten Gesellschaft, insbesondere nach der COVID-19-Pandemie, ein ernstzunehmendes
Gesundheitsproblem dar. In der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von DMNS bestehen viele Parallelen zu
Substanzgebrauchsstörungen. Neben individuellen und sozialen Risikofaktoren rückt zunehmend auch die
Rolle von suchtfördernden Mechanismen in digitalen Medien in der Entstehung von DMNS in den öffentlichen
Diskurs. Mit dem Ziel Nutzungsintensität und –frequenz zu erhöhen, bedienen sich Plattform- und
Spieleanbieter manipulativer Designelemente zur Verstärkung der Nutzungsbindung, die Jugendlichen ein
selbstbestimmtes Nutzungsverhalten erschweren. In dieser narrativen Übersicht wird neben einer kurzen
Übersicht zu Epidemiologie und Diagnostik der DMNS schwerpunktmäßig auf die Rolle von sog. Dark
Patterns in digitalen Medien in der Suchtentstehung eingegangen sowie Implikationen für die
Suchtprävention diskutiert.