bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A influência das condições ambientais no excesso de peso em Coimbra, Portugal
Authors: Genaro Joice , Almendra Ricardo , Santana Paula
Published: January 2022

Evidência científica indica que a obesidade é responsável por diversas doenças crónicas, como são exemplo a hipertensão e a diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Recentemente, a literatura tem vindo a chamar a atenção para o facto de indivíduos com obesidade apresentarem risco mais elevado de desenvolver sintomas graves da Covid-19. Ser ativo é visto como medida positiva para prevenir e tratar doenças como hipertensão e diabetes, entre outras. A forma das cidades, a distribuição dos equipamentos e o desenho urbano podem influenciar positivamente (ou negativamente) o modo como as pessoas se deslocam e se relacionam com o ambiente da área de residência, aumentando (ou diminuindo) os níveis de atividade física e, potencialmente, contrariando o sedentarismo.

Este estudo, realizado em Coimbra, investigou: i) a associação estatística entre as tipologias de uso do solo e as condições do ambiente físico e construído em que os indivíduos vivem; ii) o papel desempenhado pelas condições ambientais no excesso de peso e obesidade.

Foi recolhida informação de 1 117 indivíduos residentes em freguesias urbanas, periurbanas e rurais, entre março e setembro de 2020. Com estes dados foram desenvolvidos modelos de regressão logística binomial, ajustados por sexo e idade.

Os resultados permitem concluir que os residentes mais afastados do centro da cidade (áreas periurbanas e rurais) apresentam maior probabilidade de terem excesso de peso, de usarem automóvel, de avaliarem positivamente aspetos relacionados com os serviços urbanos (e.g. espaços públicos de lazer e as áreas verdes urbanas) e a qualidade do ar. Residentes periurbanos que usam transporte público têm menor probabilidade de ter excesso de peso em relação a quem utiliza o automóvel.

Identificar ambientes obesogénicos é uma condição fundamental para a construção de políticas públicas que tenham como objetivo a promoção da saúde, a prevenção da doença e a redução das iniquidades.
O guia-intérprete – perspetivas e papel na dinamização turística do património cultural da Alta de Coimbra
Authors: Perestrelo e Merendeiro Maria Cristina , Pinto dos Santos Norberto Nuno
Published: January 2022

O incremento do turismo cultural, deu enfoque à importância da gestão do património e, em particular, da marca Património Mundial, World Heritage Site (WHS). No caso de Coimbra, houve uma contribuição para o aumento do fluxo turístico, não só na Alta Universitária, mas, também, no centro urbano envolvente. É, precisamente, neste território do centro histórico da cidade que a atuação do guia intérprete mais se faz sentir. Considerando que a experiência de viagem é motivada pelas vivências com o lugar e com a comunidade de acolhimento, o objeto do estudo assenta na sua relação com o papel do guia de turismo, enquanto mediador cultural que, através das visitas guiadas, contribui para o “olhar” do turista. Partindo destes pressupostos, considerou-se fundamental aferir que papel o guia poderá ter na definição de estratégias turísticas sustentáveis e de valorização do património. De facto, no desempenho das suas funções o guia é responsável, profissional e eticamente, pela preservação, valorização e promoção das atrações e patrimónios do destino. No caso presente, o Centro Histórico de Coimbra/Universidade de Coimbra é o território geográfico em análise, pelo que se propõe ainda, contribuir para uma reflexão sobre a importância de se definirem estratégias e/ou propostas de ação que promovam o Património Cultural deste lugar, integrado no destino turístico Coimbra, enquanto produto de referência, tendo o guia intérprete como veículo de comunicação determinante.
Az okos hotelekhez kapcsolódó attitűdöket befolyásoló tényezők nyomában: fókuszban a Z generáció
Authors: Cserdi Zsófia , Kenesei Zsófia
Published: January 2022

Az utóbbi évek trendjeinek tükrében a hotelek számára létszükségletté vált a technológia szolgáltatási folyamatba illesztése. Óriási különbségek lehetnek azonban az alkalmazott technológiai megoldások szintjében, mely megoldások eltérő módon ugyan, de átveszik a személyes kiszolgálás szerepét egy hagyományosan interakció-központú területen. A jelenség új vetületeként, a koronavírus-járvány okozta krízis következtében, az emberi kontaktus csökkentése és a szállóvendégek megnyugtatása érdekében még erőteljesebben jelentkezhet az okos szolgáltatások, ezzel együtt az érintésmentes technológiák bevezetése iránti igény a turisztikai szolgáltatók felé (QIANTING et al. 2021). Kutatásunkban ennek megfelelően a technológiát magas szinten alkalmazó okos hotelek iránti attitűdöt befolyásoló tényezőket vettük górcső alá, melyeket kvalitatív és kvantitatív elemeket egyaránt felvonultató tartalomelemzés segítségével vizsgáltunk a jövőbeni turisztikai kereslet potenciális megtestesítői, a Z g eneráció körében.
Biological Trace Information Extracted from Bioaerosols Using NGS Analysis
Authors: Pumkaeo Panyapon , Lu Wenhao , Endou Youki , Mizuno Tomofumi , Takahashi Junko , Iwahashi Hitoshi
Published: January 2022

Bioaerosols are atmospheric particles with a biological trace, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and plant material such as pollen and plant debris. In this study, we analyzed the biological information in bioaerosols using next generation sequencing of the trace DNA. The samples were collected using an Andersen air sampler and separated into two groups according to particulate matter (PM) size: small (PM2.5) and large (PM10). Amplification and sequencing of the bacterial 16S rDNA gene, prokaryotic internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region and DNA sequence of a plant chloroplast gene (rbcL) were carried out using several sets of specific primers targeting animal and plant sequences. Lots of bacterial information was detected from the bioaerosols. The most abundant bacteria in several samples were of the Actinobacteria (class), Alphaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and Clostridia. For the animal detection using internal transcribed spacer 1, only uncultured fungi were detected in more than half of the hits, with a high number of Cladosporium sp. in the samples. For the plant identification, the ITS1 information only matched fungal species. However, targeting of the rbcL region revealed diverse plant information, such as Medicago papillosa. In conclusion, traces of bacteria, fungi, and plants could be detected in the bioaerosols, but not of animals using our primers.
Investigation of the possible protective effect of Smilax fluminensis steud. leaf in mice subjected to oxidative stress by paracetamol
Authors: Simões da Cunha Ana Paula , Scremin Ferreira Larissa , Pasuch Gluzezak Ana Júlia , Arthur Petrica Edith Eunice , Sinhorin Adilson Paulo , Dornelles Gindri Sinhorin Valéria
Published: January 2022

Paracetamol (PCM) is a drug widely used by the population as an antipyretic and analgesic. If administered in high doses it can cause liver damage, leading to hepatoxicity. The genus Smilax, found in temperate and tropical regions, is traditionally used by the population through the extract of leaves and roots for several conditions, such as in the treatment of syphilis, diabetes, asthma and as a diuretic action. Through this, Smilax fluminensis leaf extracts were used to evaluate the protective effect against oxidative stress induced by a high dose of PCM in mice that received the drug and after receiving treatment with crude extract and fractions. Plasma analysis was performed using as partate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, in addition to biochemical techniques such as catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (ASA), substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and carbonylated proteins (CARBONYL) of liver, brain and kidneys. Fraction 1 of the extract was the most promising, decreasing the plasma levels of AST and ALT, the levels of CAT and GST of the liver, together with GSH and in the renal and brain tissue there was a decrease in carbonylated proteins (PCM + F1 versus PCM ). Besides, fraction 1 proved to be hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic. It is concluded that fraction 1 of Smilax fluminensis leaves has good antioxidant activity in the face of the damage caused by the high dose of paracetamol.
A simple and cost-effective method for DNA extraction suitable for PCR in “sucupira branca”
Authors: Do Nascimento Silva Jaílson , Gomes Viana João Paulo , Costa Marcones Ferreira , Sá Gisele Holanda de , Gomes Maria Fernanda da Costa , Feitoza Lidiane de Lima , Valente Sérgio Emílio dos Santos
Published: January 2022

“Sucupira branca” is a plant found in the Brazilian Cerrado and is adapted to low fertility soils, and its fruit extract has anti-inflammatory, healing, antiulcerogenic, antimicrobial, cercaricidal, leishmanicidal and antioxidant activities. Furthermore, it provides protection against oxidative stress, is a natural biocontrol agent of Aedes aegypti, has very resistant wood, is a melliferous plant and has been used in reforestation programs. The development of conservation strategies is important for maintaining diversity in natural populations of “sucupira branca” since these populations are in the process of genetic erosion. Molecular biology techniques, which are important for characterizing the genetic diversity of plants to develop conservation strategies, require sufficient high-quality genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This study aimed to compare five methods to extract DNA from “sucupira branca”. The quality and concentration of DNA were revealed by agarose gel electrophoresis, and only the protocols of Dellaporta, Wood and Hicks et al. (1983) and Khanuja et al. (1999) did not result in satisfactory quantities of DNA. When PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) was performed with three inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers, DNA was successfully amplified from extractions performed with the protocols proposed by Doyle and Doyle (1987), Romano and Brasileiro (1998) and Ferreira and Grattapaglia (1995), which are less expensive than commercial purification kits. These protocols resulted in DNA of sufficient quality and quantity after the amplification reactions were performed.
The Effect of Assistance for Pregnant Women on Attitudes and Behavior Changes in Stunting Prevention
Authors: Oktaviani Oktaviani , Sulistyawati Reny
Published: January 2022

Background: East Kotawaringin and Pulang Pisau Regency have highest prevalence of stunting, respectively, in Central Kalimantan Province. One of the efforts made through the assistance to improve the knowledge and skills of pregnant women. The study was aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of assistance on behavior and attitudes among pregnant women in the Pulang Pisau Regency. It also aimed to analyze the behavior of pregnant women shifting upon stunting.Method: It is a quasi-experimental study (n = 60), with pre-posttest group comparison. There are two groups, namely conventional (n = 30) and assisted through pocket book (n = 30). Socio-economic data was collected to draw the characteristics of the study subjects through questionnaire. A 2x2 chi-square and paired t-test was run in SPSS v. 18 for Windows.Results: The characteristics of the study respondents did not show any significant differences in attitudes and behaviors of stunting prevention in the Pulang Pisau district. The average change in attitude score shows a significant difference in the assisted group with a pretest of 65.8 ± 7.8, increased during the post-test of 75.7 ± 2.7. It is also an increase in understanding (n = 21). We concluded that pocket-book treatment is more effective in improving the attitude of pregnant women towards preventing stunting.
Relaxation of functionals with linear growth: Interactions of emerging measures and free discontinuities
Authors: Krömer Stefan , Kružík Martin , Zappale Elvira
Published: January 2022

For an integral functional defined on functions(u,v)∈W1,1×L1{(u,v)\in W^{1,1}\times L^{1}}featuring a prototypical strong interaction term betweenuandv, we calculate its relaxation in the space of functions with bounded variations and Radon measures. Interplay between measures and discontinuities brings various additional difficulties, and concentration effects in recovery sequences play a major role for the relaxed functional even if the limit measures are absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue one.
English modal enclitic constructions: a diachronic, usage-based study of’dand’ll
Authors: Daugs Robert
Published: January 2022

English modal enclitics (’dand’ll) are typically conceived of as colloquial pronunciation variants that are semantically identical to their respective full forms (wouldandwill). Although this conception has already been challenged by Nesselhauf, Nadja. 2014. From contraction to construction? The recent life of ’ll. In Marianne Hundt (ed.),Late modern English syntax, 77–89. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press and Daugs, Robert. 2021. Contractions, constructions and constructional change: Investigating the constructionhood of English modal contractions from a diachronic perspective. In Martin Hilpert, Bert Cappelle & Ilse Depraetere (eds.),Modality and diachronic construction grammar, 12–52. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, who argue for the constructional status of both enclitics, the present study proposes a refinement according to which the differences between enclitics and full forms can be pinpointed to specific co-occurrence patterns. Rather than rashly postulating a general’d-construction or an’ll-construction, the data indicate that lower-level instances, likeI’dV,we’llV, orit wouldV, are very much capable of capturing the meaning differences between enclitics and full forms without recourse to higher, more abstract level. This is achieved by assessing the changes in the associative links these patterns entertain in a data-driven, bottom-up fashion. By utilizing the COHA and a variety of quantitative methods, it can be shown that, although enclitic patterns become more frequent and more varied, they remain overall still more restricted than the full forms, which promotes the emergence of ‘new’ symbolic associations. The results are integrated into current research in Diachronic Construction Grammar (Hilpert, Martin. 2013.Constructional change in English: Developments in allomorphy, word formation, and syntax. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Hilpert, Martin. 2021.Ten lectures in diachronic construction grammar. Leiden: Brill) and dynamic, network-oriented models of language (Schmid, Hans-Jörg. 2020.The dynamics of the linguistic system: Usage, conventionalization, and entrenchment. Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Inverse scattering for three-dimensional quasi-linear biharmonic operator
Authors: Harju Markus , Kultima Jaakko , Serov Valery
Published: January 2022

We consider an inverse scattering problem of recovering the unknown
coefficients of a quasi-linearly perturbed biharmonic operator in the three-dimensional case.
These unknown complex-valued coefficients are assumed to satisfy some regularity
conditions on their nonlinearity, but they can be discontinuous or singular
in their space variable. We prove Saito’s formula and uniqueness theorem
of recovering some essential information about the unknown coefficients
from the knowledge of the high frequency scattering amplitude.
Membrane technologies for sports supplementation
Authors: Staszak Maciej
Published: January 2022

The important developments in membrane techniques used in the dairy industrial processes to whey manufacturing are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the description of membrane processes, characterization of protein products, biological issues related to bacteriophages contamination, and modeling of the processes. This choice was dictated by the observed research works and consumer trends, who increasingly appreciate healthy food and its taste qualities.
Gesellschaftlicher Wandel in der frühen Eisenzeit im Lichte neuer Siedlungsgrabungen in Schlesien
Authors: Bugaj Ewa , Gediga Bogusław
Published: January 2022

Zwischen der früheisenzeitlichen Kultur in Schlesien und der Hallstatt-Kultur lassen sich deutliche Verbindungen erkennen, die vor allem mittels der Erforschung von Brandgräberfriedhöfen studiert wurden. Demgegenüber wird im Beitrag der Versuch unternommen, das Phänomen mit Hilfe archäologisch entsprechend datierender Siedlungen zu untermauern. Die Mehrzahl der Forscher, die sich mit der Hallstatt-Kultur beschäftigen, stellen den Wandel sozialer Strukturen heraus, welcher in dieser Zeit stattfand und sich in archäologischem Material widerspiegelt. Ein analoges Phänomen kann bei mehreren Urnenfriedhöfen aus Schlesien festgestellt werden, insbesondere bei gut ausgestatteten Kammergräbern (etwa Domasław, Wrocław), aber auch innerhalb einiger Siedlungen, wie beispielsweise dem früheisenzeitlichen Fundplatz in Milejowice, Kreis Breslau, der während einer großflächigen Untersuchung entdeckt wurde. Hierbei konnten einige Gruppen von Bauwerken unterschieden wurden. Eines davon war mit monumentalen, 85 m durchmessenden, aufeinander folgenden Kreisen umgeben. Die Kreise bestanden aus zahlreichen Pfostenlöchern, die so eine palisadenartige Struktur bildeten. Im Beitrag werden außerdem Siedlungsreste analysiert, die darauf hindeuten, dass der soziale Status und der Wohlstand der Bewohner des Siedlungsareals herausragend gewesen sein muss. Die Untersuchungen ausgewählter schlesischer Fundstätten lassen den Schluss zu, dass das Gebiet kulturell als eine weitere regionale Randgruppe des Hallstattkreises betrachtet werden kann
Cognitive Demands Influence Drop Jump Performance and Relationships With Leg Stiffness in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Holmes Hillary H. , Downs Talmage Jessica L. , Neely Kristina A. , Roper Jaimie A.
Published: January 2022

Holmes, HH, Downs Talmage, JL, Neely, KA, and Roper, JA. Cognitive demands influence drop jump performance and relationships with leg stiffness in healthy young adults. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 74–83, 2023—Sports-relevant cognition influences neuromuscular control and sports performance. This study assessed the influence of cognition on (a) drop jump performance and (b) commonly researched relationships between lower extremity stiffness, ground contact time (GCT), peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), and leg deformation. Active adults (n = 33, 13 men, 20 women, 21 ± 2 years, height = 1.71 ± 0.81 m, body mass = 70.5 ± 10.6 kg) participated in decisions to perform drop jumps or lands of a 30-cm box in 4 conditions: (a) standard, explicit instructions; (b) choice, internally driven decisions; and (c and d) visual and audio, external visual or audio cues reducing time for motor planning. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Ground contact time with audio (M ± SD: 0.62 ± 0.14 seconds) and visual cues (0.59 ± 0.10 seconds) was longer than standard instructions (0.54 ± 0.10 seconds). Standard condition jump height was higher (0.49 ± 0.10 m) than audio (0.435 ± 0.10 m) and choice (0.44 ± 0.09 m). Standard condition reactive strength index was higher (1.03 ± 0.35) than audio (0.76 ± 0.23), visual (0.82 ± 0.27), and choice (0.84 ± 0.33). Visual and audio conditions did not demonstrate significant relationships between leg stiffness and GCT, and relationships between vGRF and leg deformation were not significant with visual cues (p > 0.05). Cognition did not significantly change stiffness and vGRF, indicating alternative force strategies. Understanding how cognition influences performance can positively affect coaching practices, sports-specific assessments, and rehabilitation applications.
Quantification of Global Myoelectric Spatial Activations to Delineate Normal Hamstring Function at Progressive Running Speeds: A Technical Report
Authors: Schlink Bryan R. , Nordin Andrew D. , Diekfuss Jed A. , Myer Gregory D.
Published: January 2022

Schlink, BR, Nordin, AD, Diekfuss, JA, and Myer, GD. Quantification of global myoelectric spatial activations to delineate normal hamstring function at progressive running speeds: A technical report. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 867–870, 2022—Hamstring function is critical to maintain sport performance, and strain injuries to the biceps femoris muscle commonly force an athlete to withdraw from their sport while the muscle heals. Current mechanistic understanding of underlying injury and return-to-play (RTP) guidelines has limited prognostic value because of limitations in technology and nonfunctional assessment strategies to guide clinical care. Integrated structural and functional determinants and dynamic assessment methods are needed to guide advanced rehabilitation strategies for safe and rapid return to sport. A potential solution for assessment of hamstring function is high-density electromyography (EMG), which can noninvasively measure spatial muscle activity in dynamic environments. In this study, we demonstrated the utility of high-density EMG by measuring spatial myoelectric activity from the biceps femoris from a group of recreational athletes running at a range of speeds. The level of significance set for this study was p < 0.05. During the late swing phase of running, we observed increased EMG amplitudes in the central and distal portions of the muscle. There were no changes in this pattern of EMG activation across speed, suggesting that running speed does not affect the general neuromuscular recruitment in the biceps femoris. Applying these methods to athletes with hamstring strains may lead to a more complete understanding of muscle function during rehabilitation and adjunctively support current methods to enhance RTP decision-making.
Effects of Different Types of Resistance Training and Detraining on Functional Capacity, Muscle Strength, and Power in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Filho Mauro Mazini , Venturini Gabriela R.d.O. , Moreira Osvaldo C. , Leitão Luis , Mira Pedro A. C. , de Castro Juliana B. P. , Aidar Felipe J. , Novaes Jefferson da Silva , Vianna Jeferson M. , Caputo Ferreira Maria E.
Published: January 2022

Filho, MM, Venturini, GRdO, Moreira, OC, Leitão, L, Mira, PA, Castro, JB, Aidar, FJ, Novaes, JdS, Vianna, JM, and Caputo Ferreira, ME. Effects of different types of resistance training and detraining on functional capacity, muscle strength, and power in older women: A randomized controlled study. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 984–990, 2022—Resistance training (RT) increases muscle strength, power, and functional capacity (FC) of older women. However, these benefits can be lost partially or totally with detraining. This study aimed to compare the effect of 20 weeks of different types of RT and 4 weeks of detraining on muscle strength, power, and FC in older women. Ninety-five older women were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (strength endurance, power, absolute strength, and relative strength training) and 1 control group (CG). We assessed muscle strength (10RM test) and muscle power of the lower (countermovement jump) and upper limbs (medicine ball pitch). Functional capacity was assessed by the Senior Fitness Test, which comprises the following tests: 30-second arm curl, 30-second chair stand, back scratch, chair sit and reach, 8-foot up and go, and 6-minute walk. The experiment lasted 24 weeks (familiarization: 2 weeks; neural adaptation: 6 weeks; specific training: 12 weeks; and detraining: 4 weeks). Muscle strength, lower and upper limb power (all p < 0.05), 30-second arm curl, 30-second chair stand, 8-foot up and go, 6-minute walk (all p < 0.001), and lower limb flexibility (p = 0.002) improved in all experimental groups after training and CG showed no differences in any of these variables. After detraining, muscle strength, lower and upper limb power (p < 0.05 for all), and FC decreased in comparison to the end of RT (30-second arm curl, 30-second chair stand, 8-foot up and go, 6-minute walk, and lower limb flexibility, p < 0.05 for all). Although the FC of the subjects has been reduced after 4 weeks of detraining, it was maintained at higher levels in comparison to baseline. These results suggested that older women can be submitted to different types of RT to achieve improvements in general fitness.
Momentum, Rather Than Velocity, Is a More Effective Measure of Improvements in Division IA Football Player Performance
Authors: Mann J. Bryan , Mayhew Jerry L. , Dos Santos Marcel Lopes , Dawes J. Jay , Signorile Joseph F.
Published: January 2022

Mann, JB, Mayhew, JL, Dos Santos, ML, Dawes, JJ, and Signorile, JF. Momentum, rather than velocity, is a more effective measure of improvements in Division IA football player performance. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 551–557, 2022—Speed, or the time to complete straight runs or agility drills, is commonly used to assess performance in collegiate American football players. However, it is common for players' speeds to plateau by the second year of eligibility, whereas their body masses continue to increase. The purpose of this study was to track change in speed, body mass, and momentum (body mass · velocity), across Division 1 football players' 4-year careers (n = 512). Complete data were derived for the 40-yd sprint (n = 82), the proagility shuttle (n = 73), and the L drill (n = 73) from the same NCAA Division 1 team over a 15-year period. Significant changes were seen for velocity between year 1 and the next 3 playing years (p < 0.05), with no differences between years 2 and 4, whereas body mass increased significantly across all playing years (p < 0.05). Further momentum increased across all years for all tests (p < 0.0001). These results indicate the importance of including changes in body mass when evaluating performances during sprints and change of direction drills. Our results also suggest that using sprint or agility drill times to evaluate playing potential across football players' collegiate careers may be ineffective and can provide players with a false and disheartening picture of their improvements across their careers. Momentum, which incorporates training-induced increases in both speed and body mass, would be a more relevant and supportive measure of players' improvements. In addition, the simple computation of this variable, using existing speed and body mass data, may be an important addition to the National Football League combine as a measure of playing potential in the professional game.
Retained Austenite Transformation-Induced Residual Stress Change in Carburized 16MnCr5 Steel
Authors: Liang Wanhua , Pineault James , Albrecht Conle F. , Topper Timothy H.
Published: January 2022

Carburization, a heat treatment commonly used in industries to improve fatigue performance of components, usually results in untransformed austenite in a transformed matrix of martensite or other phases. The subsequent transformation of the retained austenite due to service loading is complex and can result in the alteration of beneficial residual stresses. The amount of retained austenite decomposed under a few axial loading cases was determined by measuring the retained austenite content before and after loading of through-carburized- and carburized case only (composite)–hardened 16MnCr5 steel samples. Separate case and core stress−strain curves and the retained austenite transformation in the case layer of the composite model were used to predict the stress−strain and the residual stress behavior of the composite samples with a simple compatibility model and a finite element model.
AFTERMATH OF BREXIT FOR WALES
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Okhoshin Oleg
Published: January 2022

After withdrawal of the UK from the EU its Celtic regions (Scotland, Northern Ireland, Wales) faced a deterioration in the conditions for their socio-economic development and began to demand from B. Johnson to revise the principles of interaction between central government and local authorities in favor of expanding devolution. In Wales, separatist tendencies have not reached the same magnitude as in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Nevertheless, an acute confrontation arose at the intergovernmental level – the M. Drakeford’s Labour government protests against B. Johnson’s regional policy. The most acute contradictions arose against the background of the application of the UK Internal Market Act 2020 and the inability of the British government to compensate the region for the loss of subsidies from the EU structural funds after Brexit. To put pressure on the central government, Labour Party in Wales organized a special commission in October 2021 to consider separating the region from the United Kingdom and transferring additional powers to the local authority. This fact indicates the growth of a deep systemic crisis in the country, which makes the regions doubt the ability of the central government to effectively use its instruments to cope with the consequences of Brexit and the coronavirus pandemic.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE ISLAMIC FACTOR ON THE STATE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF FRANCE
Authors:   Marchal Budyonny Military Signal Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Chistyakov Alexey
Published: January 2022

Nowadays France is a home to the largest Muslim community in Europe. Therefore, the issues of the relationship between government structures and adherents of Islam are of great importance for the country and they become a field for political confrontation especially because of the existing separation of spiritual and secular life. This means that Islamization of the armed forces of the Republic is also important. It is necessary to discover the level of army Islamization and spiritual needs satisfaction of soldiers, as well as the role of Muslim chaplains in army structures. Based on analysis of French laws, press and publications in scientific journals, the author discovers the changes that occurred in the Nation attitude to the issue of Muslims integration to the military system of the country and explains the reasons and content of some evolution stages of Muslim military chaplains institute in the French army since 2006.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN IN STORTING 2021
Authors:   Institute of Europe of Russian Academy Sciences, Skripka Ivan
Published: January 2022

The article examines the phenomenon of the influence of social networks on election campaigns using the example of Norway. For an introduction to the context of the electoral situation in Norway, the author describes the election programs of the main Norwegian political parties. Methods of content analysis and discourse analysis are used to better understand network voter mobilization. The author provides a review of the literature on this topic in order to substantiate the need for the applied methodology. The analysis of the share of Internet users in different countries has been carried out. The most popular social networks have been identified and the networks that are best suited for political mobilization and are used in Norway have been identified. The author carried out a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the official Facebook accounts of the Norwegian parliamentary parties during the election campaign in 2021. The study revealed the main trends in the behavior of political parties and their voters on the Facebook social network. The author concludes that all political parties in Norway use social networks as one of the main channels for mobilizing supporters. In addition, this tool allows parties to respond to current topics and changing voter sentiments.
I Will Kill You and Nothing Will Happen: Extra-Judicial Killings in Nigeria and Public Interest Litigation
Authors: Odunaike Dorcas A. , Lalude Olalekan Moyosore , Odusanya Temitope Omotola
Published: January 2022

Public interest litigation is a mechanism of intervention in a matter that concerns the public. It could be about human rights, government policy, or some other issue that could present a challenge to public life. Public interest litigation is important because it presents hope to the powerless and offers justice where there might not previously have been the opportunity. The aim of public interest litigation is to recognise injustice and give a voice to the concerns of members of society who might not have the means to articulate them. In Nigeria there is a high tendency for people of low socioeconomic status to experience police brutality, or even become victims of extra-judicial killing. In this article, it was argued that although public interest litigation is a good strategy to engage the injustice of extra-judicial killings, the recurrence shows that the solution lies more in addressing a systemic problem.
Has the CJEU Made the First Step to Put a Stop to the Criminalisation of Migration? Commentary to the Judgement in the Case of JZ in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kosińska Anna Magdalena
Published: January 2022

The paper presents a critical discussion of the CJEU judgment in the JZ case (C 806/18), in which the Court interpreted Article 11 of Directive 2008/115 that regulates entry ban issuance. The author asks a question of whether an entry ban as a measure limiting the right to free movement has a moral and legal ground in international law and EU law. Moreover, the author focuses on the problem of the criminalisation of irregular migration – both in the context of the established line of the Court’s case law and in the case of a vague national law standard that penalizes illegal stays – the possibility to apply the criminal law concept of error in law and thus exclusion of criminal liability of an illegal migrant.
Maternal exposure to an enriched environment promotes uterine vascular remodeling and prevents embryo loss in mice
Authors: de la Cruz Borthiry Fernanda L , Schander Julieta A , Cella Maximiliano , Beltrame Jimena S , Franchi Ana María , Ribeiro María L
Published: January 2022

Implantation-related events are crucial for pregnancy success. In particular, defects in vascular remodeling at the maternal–fetal interface are associated with spontaneous miscarriage and recurrent pregnancy loss. Physical activity and therapies oriented to reduce stress improve pregnancy outcomes. In animal models, environmental stimulation and enrichment are associated with enhanced well-being, cognitive function and stress resilience. Here, we studied whether the exposure of BALB/c mice to an enriched environment (EE) regulates crucial events during early gestation at the maternal–fetal interface. Pregnant BALB/c mice were exposed to the EE that combines non-invasive stimuli from the sensory pathway with voluntary physical activity. The pregnancy rate was evaluated. Implantation sites were investigated microscopically and macroscopically. Vascular adaptation parameters at the maternal–fetal interface were analyzed. We found that exposure to the EE prevented pregnancy loss between gestational days 7 and 15. Also, it increased the diameter of the uterine artery and decreased the wall:lumen ratio of the mesometrial decidual vessels, suggesting that EE exposure promotes vascular remodeling. Moreover, it increased nitric oxide synthase activity and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, as well as prostaglandin F2a production and endoglin expression in the implantation sites. Exposure of pregnant females to the EE regulates uterine physiology, promoting vascular remodeling during early gestation. These adaptations might contribute to preventing embryo loss. Our results highlight the importance of the maternal environment for pregnancy success. The design of an ‘EE-like’ protocol for humans could be considered as a new non-pharmacologic strategy to prevent implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage.
Oral Manifestations of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Bousserouit Marwa , HAKKOU Fouzia , CHBICHEB Saliha
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hemorrhagic lesions of the oral mucosa are the most common clinical manifestations of Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Case Report: A 41-year-old female patient consulted the oral surgery department of the dental consultation and treatment center in Rabat for spontaneous gingivorrhagia. Clinical examination and further examination showed severe thrombocytopenia associated with an anemic syndrome. The diagnosis of ITP was made. Treatment was based on oral corticosteroids and immunoglobulin in the hospital. Conclusion: These manifestations sometimes lead the patient to consult his dental surgeon in the first intention, hence the need to make the diagnosis based on a thorough global examination and to refer the patient to an adapted structure.
Robust piecewise adaptive control for an uncertain semilinear parabolic distributed parameter systems
Authors: Lei Yanfang , Li Junmin , Zhao Ailiang
Published: January 2022

In this study, we focus on designing a robust piecewise adaptive controller to globally asymptotically stabilize a semilinear parabolic distributed parameter systems (DPSs) with external disturbance, whose nonlinearities are bounded by unknown functions. Firstly, a robust piecewise adaptive control is designed against the unknown nonlinearity and the external disturbance. Then, by constructing an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional candidate (LKFC) and using the Wiritinger’s inequality and a variant of the Agmon’s inequality, it is shown that the proposed robust piecewise adaptive controller not only ensures the globally asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system, but also guarantees a given performance. Finally, two simulation examples are given to verify the validity of the design method.
Heat and mass source effect on MHD double-diffusive mixed convection and entropy generation in a curved enclosure filled with nanofluid
Authors: Parveen Rujda , Mahapatra Tapas Ray
Published: January 2022

This paper examines the two-dimensional laminar steady magnetohydrodynamic doublediffusive mixed convection in a curved enclosure filled with different types of nanofluids. The enclosure is differentially heated and concentrated, and the heat and mass source are embedded in a part of the left wall having temperature Th (>Tc) and concentration ch (>cc). The right vertical wall is allowed to move with constant velocity in a vertically upward direction to cause a shear-driven flow. The governing equations along with the boundary conditions are transformed into a nondimensional form and are written in stream function-velocity formulation, which is then solved numerically using the Bi-CGStab method. Based on the numerical results, the effects of the dominant parameters such as Richardson number (1 ≤ Ri ≤ 50), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 60), solid volume fraction of nanoparticles (0.0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.02), location and length of the heat and mass source are examined. Results indicate that the augmentation of Richardson number, heat and mass source length and location cause heat and mass transfer to increase, while it decreases when Hartmann number and volume fraction of the nanoparticles increase. The total entropy generation rises by 1.32 times with the growing Richardson number, decreases by 1.21 times and 1.02 times with the rise in Hartmann number and nanoparticles volume fraction, respectively.
Pasidalytosios lyderystės kaip organizacinio pokyčio įgyvendinimas švietimo įstaigose
Authors:   , Dambrauskienė Dalia
Published: January 2022

Pasidalytosios lyderystės veiksmingumas įrodytas teorijoje ir vadybos praktikoje. Pokyčių dinamika aktualizuoja klausimą, kuris keliamas disertaciniame darbe – kaip yra / galėtų būti įgyvendinama pasidalytoji lyderystė švietimo įstaigose? Tyrimas grindžiamas socialine konstrukcionistine filosofine tyrimo prieiga. Pasirinkti atskleidžiamasis, aprašomasis ir daugybinių atvejų tyrimai, paremti abdukcine tyrimo strategija ir sisteminiu derinimu. Šiuo tyrimu praplėsta pasidalytosios lyderystės sampratos apibrėžtis moksle. Išskirti pasidalytosios lyderystės ir giminiškų lyderystės tipų panašumai ir skirtumai. Teoriškai pagrįsta, išgryninta pasidalytosios lyderystės įgyvendinimo samprata. Konceptualizuotas pasidalytosios lyderystės įgyvendinimo procesas. Nustatyta santykių lyderystės, lyderystės kompleksiškumo, pasidalytosios lyderystės praktikos ir organizacinių pokyčių valdymo teorijų dermė, leidusi pagrįsti pasidalytosios lyderystės, kaip pokyčio, įgyvendinimą švietimo įstaigose. Atskleista Lietuvos ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigų, kaip pasidalytosios lyderystės įgyvendinimo lauko, specifika ir teorinių pasidalytosios lyderystės įgyvendinimo modelių pritaikomumo švietimo įstaigose ribotumai, jų adaptavimo, tobulinimo bei taikymo galimybės. Tyrimo metu atskleistas pasidalytosios lyderystės įgyvendinimo procesas, jo etapai, išskirti procesą skatinantys ir ribojantys veiksniai. Sukurtas pasidalytosios lyderystės įgyvendinimo švietimo įstaigose koncepcinis modelis, kaip iš vadovo kylanti iniciatyva, ir parengtos modelio įgyvendinimo rekomendacijos.
Short-term Music Therapy for Families With Preterm Infants: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Gaden Tora Söderström , Ghetti Claire , Kvestad Ingrid , Bieleninik Łucja , Stordal Andreas Størksen , Assmus Jörg , Arnon Shmuel , Elefant Cochavit , Epstein Shulamit , Ettenberger Mark , Lichtensztejn Marcela , Lindvall Merethe Wolf , Mangersnes Julie , Røed Catharina Janner , Vederhus Bente Johanne , Gold Christian
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate short-term effects of music therapy (MT) for premature infants and their caregivers on mother-infant bonding, parental anxiety, and maternal depression.

METHODS

Parallel, pragmatic, randomized controlled-trial conducted in 7 level III NICUs and 1 level IV NICU in 5 countries enrolling premature infants (<35 weeks gestational age at birth) and their parents. MT included 3 sessions per week with parent-led, infant-directed singing supported by a music therapist. Primary outcome was mother-infant bonding as measured by the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) at discharge from NICU. Secondary outcomes were parents’ symptoms of anxiety measured by General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and maternal depression measured by Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Group differences at the assessment timepoint of discharge from hospital were tested by linear mixed effect models (ANCOVA).

RESULTS

From August 2018 to April 2020, 213 families were enrolled in the study, of whom 108 were randomly assigned to standard care and 105 to MT. Of the participants, 208 of 213 (98%) completed treatment and assessments. Participants in the MT group received a mean (SD) of 10 sessions (5.95), and 87 of 105 participants (83%) received the minimum of 6 sessions. The estimated group effect (95% confidence interval) for PBQ was −0.61 (−1.82 to 0.59). No significant differences between groups were found (P = .32). No significant effects for secondary outcomes or subgroups were found.

CONCLUSIONS

Parent-led, infant-directed singing supported by a music therapist resulted in no significant differences between groups in mother-infant bonding, parental anxiety, or maternal depression at discharge.
Actividad física durante una jornada escolar con y sin clase de educación física y salud en estudiantes chilenos
Authors: Sepúlveda Martin Sonia , Martínez González Laura , Cigarroa Igor , Zapata Lamana Rafael Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Los altos índices de obesidad y el aumento del tiempo sedentario en los escolares tienen consecuencias directas en la prevalencia de enfermedades no transmisibles en edad adulta. El entorno escolar es una oportunidad para combatir estos factores de riesgo y la importancia de la clase de educación física es relevante. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el nivel de actividad física, gasto energético y tiempo sedentario entre una jornada con y sin clases de educación física en niños y niñas de primer ciclo básico. Es un estudio no experimental, analítico transversal con una muestra intencionada de 46 escolares de primer ciclo básico. Se midió índice de masa corporal (IMC), actividad física, gasto energético y tiempo sedentario con acelerometría en jornada escolar con y sin clase de educación física. Se utilizó la prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon para determinar diferencias entre las jornadas escolares (p < .05). Los resultados muestran que, durante la jornada con clases de educación física, los escolares presentaron un nivel de actividad física moderada (3.03 MET) y, en la jornada sin clases de educación física, un nivel ligero (2.32 MET). Los estudiantes en la jornada escolar con educación física tuvieron mayores niveles de actividad física moderada (Z = -4.430; p < .0001), vigorosa (Z = -5.403; p < .0001), muy vigorosa (Z = -3.940; p < .0001) y disminuyeron el tiempo sedentario (Z = -4.149; p < .0001) con respecto a la jornada sin clase de educación física. Se concluye que aun cuando durante la jornada con educación física, los escolares tienen mayor actividad física, mayor gasto energético y menor tiempo sedentario, este rendimiento resulta insuficiente de acuerdo con las recomendaciones internacionales para la salud.
Effects of physical activity on prolactin and thyroid hormones
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Skuridina D. V. , Kochina A. S.
Published: January 2022

Thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, as well as the hormone of anterior pituitary gland prolactin, play an important role in various physiological processes in the human body. In high-stress situations, these hormones act to maintain homeostasis. One of the severe stressors is physical activity. Prolactin and thyroid hormones control the energy metabolism during physical activity, and are also an important link in adaptive reactions in response to physical activity.
Medicine and athletics evolution
Authors: Usanova A. A. , Kunyaeva T. A. , Goncharova L. N. , Pushkina Ya. A. , Radaikina O. G. , Guranova N. N. , Fazlova I. Kh. , Sergutova N. P. , Dyachkova A. A.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the most popular type of Olympic movement — athletics. All stages of athletics formation and development are highlighted and described.

A connection from ancient athleticism to modern Olympism is described, including the problem of globalization of sports and medical supervision.

From the very beginning, athletics has established itself as an international sport in which men and women from all over the world participate.

New trends of the late XX — early XXI century have a serious impact on various areas of modern life, including the sports industry and the Olympic movement.

The communication revolution has brought not only benefits, but also created new problems. Based on the study of athletics development, it has been established that the Olympic movement remains an important international institution working to strengthen mutual understanding and cooperation between peoples.

Further, the International Olympic Committee notes the expansion of educational work to spread the Olympic values and ideals of sport.

The article is devoted to topical issues of the Olympic movement, which have a significant impact on social processes.
Seed bank analysis and species similarity in the Air Force Base of Pirassununga (São Paulo State, Brazil)
Authors: Fernandes Pedro Henrique de Godoy , Queiroz Israel Henrique Buttner , Sebastiani Renata
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Riparian forests suffered from forest fragmentation, which in turn promote the change in the pattern of seed dispersion and modification of soil seed bank. The aim of this study is to indicate the main species that make up the seed bank of a stretch of riparian forest of the Mogi Guaçu River continued to a fragment of semidecidual forest, located in the Air Force Base of Pirassununga. It was delimited ten plots of 10 x 10 m. Four soil samples was collected by plot with a 25 x 25 cm template. Samples were packed in greenhouse for seed germination and monitored every 15 days for six months. Altogether, 494 individuals from 19 families were sampled, distributed in 30 genera and 40 morphospecies. Diversity and distribution of species in the fragment is homogeneous and can be used as source of propagules for forest restoration.