bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Algorithm Based on Content and Collaborative Filtering in Recommendation System Optimization and Simulation
Authors: Li Lianhuan , Zhang Zheng , Zhang Shaoda
Published: May 2021

This paper explores and studies recommendation technologies based on content filtering and user collaborative filtering and proposes a hybrid recommendation algorithm based on content and user collaborative filtering. This method not only makes use of the advantages of content filtering but also can carry out similarity matching filtering for all items, especially when the items are not evaluated by any user, which can be filtered out and recommended to users, thus avoiding the problem of early level. At the same time, this method also takes advantage of the advantages of collaborative filtering. When the number of users and evaluation levels are large, the user rating data matrix of collaborative filtering prediction will become relatively dense, which can reduce the sparsity of the matrix and make collaborative filtering more accurate. In this way, the system performance will be greatly improved through the integration of the two. On the basis of the improved collaborative filtering algorithm, a hybrid algorithm based on content and improved collaborative filtering was proposed. By combining user rating with item features, a user feature rating matrix was established to replace the traditional user-item rating matrix. K-means clustering was performed on the user set and recommendations were made. The improved algorithm can solve the problem of data sparsity of traditional collaborative filtering algorithm. At the same time, for new projects, it can also predict users who may be interested in new projects according to the matching of project characteristics and user characteristics scoring matrix and generate push list, which effectively solve the problem of new projects in “cold start.” The experimental results show that the improved algorithm in this paper plays a significant role in solving the speed bottleneck problems of data sparsity, cold start, and online recommendation and can ensure a better recommendation quality.
Epitaxial Growth of Optoelectronically Active Ga(As)Sb Quantum Dots on Al‐Rich AlGaAs with GaAs Capsule Layers
Authors: Strassner Johannes , Richter Johannes , Loeber Thomas , Doering Christoph , Fouckhardt Henning
Published: May 2021

We present a study of optoelectronically active Ga(As)As quantum dots (QDs) on Al‐rich AlxGa1-xAs layers with Al concentrations up to x = 90%. So far, however, it has not been possible to grow optoelectronically active Ga(As)As QDs epitaxially directly on and in between Al‐rich barrier layers in the AlGaInAsSb material system. A QD morphology might appear on the growth front, but the QD‐like entities will not luminesce. Here, we use photoluminescence (PL) measurements to show that thin Al‐free capsule layers between Al‐rich barrier layers and the QD layers can solve this problem; this way, the QDs become optoelectronically active; that is, the dots become QDs. We consider antimonide QDs, that is, Ga(As)Sb QDs, either on GaAs for comparison or on AlxGa1-xAs barriers (x >10%) with GaAs capsule layers in between. We also discuss the influence of QD coupling both due to stress/strain from neighboring QDs and quantum‐mechanically on the wavelength of the photoluminescence peak. Due to their mere existence, the capsule layers alter the barriers by becoming part of them. Quantum dots applications such as QD semiconductor lasers for spectroscopy or QDs as binary storage cells will profit from this additional degree of design freedom.
Analysis for Overburden Destruction on Lateral Boundary of Stope Based on Viscoelastic‐Plastic Finite Element Method
Authors: Yin Zengde , Liu Jinxiao , Liu Yongle , Li Wenxin
Published: May 2021

In longwall mining, the deformation and destruction of overlying strata always lag behind coal extraction. The overlying strata characteristics at the lateral boundary of the stope can be classified into four categories, i.e., Hard‐Soft, Soft‐Hard, Hard‐Hard, and Soft‐Soft. In order to analyze the effect of the above four structures, we adopt viscoelastic theory to the finite element method (FEM) and define the point safety factor to evaluate the rock damage. The accuracy of programming is verified through example verification. A modified viscoelastic‐plastic FEM model is applied to analyze the performance of four overburden structures. The numerical computation results show the following: From the rupture of overburden rock to its stabilization, the duration time of four typical structures can be sorted as “Soft‐Soft < Hard‐Soft < Soft‐Hard < Hard‐Hard”. The fracture direction and dip angle of each structure vary as well. The fracture zone of the H‐S structure is inclined toward the goaf, while that of the S‐H structure is inclined to the lateral boundary of the stope. The fracture zone of the H‐H structure is also inclined toward the lateral boundary, with a greater angle than the S‐H structure, while the fracture zone of the S‐S structure is inclined to goaf, with a greater angle than the H‐S structure.
A Hardware-Efficient Elliptic Curve Cryptographic Architecture over GF (p)
Authors: Cui Chao , Zhao Yun , Xiao Yong , Lin Weibin , Xu Di
Published: May 2021

This paper proposes a hardware-efficient elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) architecture over GF(p), which uses adders to achieve scalar multiplication (SM) through hardware-reuse method. In terms of algorithm, the improvement of the interleaved modular multiplication (IMM) algorithm and the binary modular inverse (BMI) algorithm needs two adders. In addition to the adder, the data register is another optimize target. The design compiler is synthesized on 0.13 µm CMOS ASIC platform. The time range of performing scalar multiplication over 160, 192, 224, and 256 field orders under 150 MHz frequency is 1.99–3.17 ms. Moreover, the gate area required for different field orders in this design is in the range of 35.65k–59.14k, with 50%–91% hardware resource less than other processors.
Grid Partition Variable Step Alpha Shapes Algorithm
Authors: Liao Zhenxiu , Liu Jun , Shi Guodong , Meng Junxia
Published: May 2021

On the basis of Alpha Shapes boundary extraction algorithm for discrete point set, a grid partition variable step Alpha Shapes algorithm is proposed to deal with the shortcomings of the original Alpha Shapes algorithm in the processing of nonuniform distributed point set and multiconcave point set. Firstly, the grid partition and row-column index table are established for the point set, and the point set of boundary grid partition is quickly extracted. Then, the average distance of the

k

-nearest neighbors of the point is calculated as the value of

α

. For the point set of boundary grid partition extracted in the previous step, Alpha Shapes algorithm is used to quickly construct the point set boundary. The proposed algorithm is verified by experiments of simulated point set and measured point set, and it has high execution efficiency. Compared with similar algorithms, the larger the number of point sets is, the more obvious the execution efficiency is.
Phycoremediation of Synthetic Dyes: An Effective and Eco-Friendly Algal Technology for the Dye Abatement
Authors: Ayele Abate , Getachew Deribe , Kamaraj M. , Suresh A.
Published: May 2021

Rapid industrialization leads to serious environmental hazards due to the increase in the release of pollutants into the environment. Industries that use synthetic dyes for different applications are a predominant source for dye contaminants by releasing the dye in wastewater with pretreatment or without treatment directly into the water bodies, making serious water pollution in the environment. Therefore, it is imperative to safeguard the environment from such contaminants and their associated negative impacts. The conventional treatment method that is used to treat dye-contaminated wastewater is generally costly and has a possibility to produce secondary metabolites. Due to the above problems, the biological method is preferable to treat effluent or dye-contaminated wastewater. Phycoremediation is an algae-based eco-friendly dye abatement technique from contaminated environments. This review highlights the phycoremediation of dyes and its underlying mechanisms along with the information on synthetic dyes, classification, hazardous effects, and other major techniques of dye abatement. This review provides a comprehensive insight into several influencing factors such as pH, temperature, contact time, the dose of algae biomass, and agitation speed, as well as functional groups involved in the phycoremediation process.
Academic Influence of China’s Sports Social Discipline Based on Bibliometrics
Authors: Cui Xiuyun
Published: May 2021

Background. To accurately evaluate sports social discipline’s academic influence in China, a model of academic influence evaluation of sports social discipline in China based on bibliometrics is proposed. Objective. A statistical model of the academic influence of sports social discipline is constructed, the word frequency statistics method is used to measure the literature, and the semantic characteristic quantity of the sports social discipline academic influence is extracted, using the literature method and logical analysis method to analyze sports’ social value in the Internet era from healthy sports. The combination of sports and medical treatment can comprehensively promote physical and mental health. Methods. The dual semantic feature decomposition method is used to analyze sports social discipline’s academic influence. The statistical analysis model of sports social discipline academic influence is established. The principles of fuzzy pattern recognition include the principle of maximum membership degree and proximity degree. Results. The comprehensive relative closeness of the distribution of literature statistics on sports and social disciplines’ academic influence is constructed. The linear programming analysis of literature statistics is carried out using the standardized grid computing method. Conclusions. The combination of association rule feature extraction and semantic feature extraction is used to realize the quantitative calculation of literature statistics and academic influence. The simulation results show that the statistical analysis of the academic influence of sports and social discipline by this method is accurate, and the level of confidence is high.
Updated Review of Major Cancer Risk Factors and Screening Test Use in the United States in 2018 and 2019, with a Focus on Smoking Cessation
Authors: Bandi Priti , Minihan Adair K. , Siegel Rebecca L. , Islami Farhad , Nargis Nigar , Jemal Ahmedin , Fedewa Stacey A.
Published: May 2021

Cancer prevention and early detection efforts are central to reducing cancer burden. Herein, we present estimates of cancer risk factors and screening tests in 2018 and 2019 among US adults, with a focus on smoking cessation. Cigarette smoking reached a historic low in 2019 (14.2%) partly because 61.7% (54.9 million) of all persons who had ever smoked had quit. Yet, the quit ratio was <45% among lower-income, uninsured, and Medicaid-insured persons, and was <55% among Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, lower-educated, lesbian, gay or bisexual, and recent immigrant persons, and in 12 of 17 Southern states. Obesity levels remain high (2017–2018: 42.4%) and were disproportionately higher among Black (56.9%) and Hispanic (43.7%) women. HPV vaccination in adolescents 13 to 17 years remains underutilized and over 40% were not up-to-date in 2019. Cancer screening prevalence was suboptimal in 2018 (colorectal cancer ≥50 years: 65.6%; breast ≥45 years: 63.2%; cervical 21–65 years: 83.7%), especially among uninsured adults (colorectal: 29.8%; breast: 31.1%). This snapshot of cancer prevention and early detection measures was mixed, and substantial racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities persisted. However, gains could be accelerated with targeted interventions to increase smoking cessation in under-resourced populations, stem the obesity epidemic, and improve screening and HPV vaccination coverage.
Inhibition of DNA-PK with AZD7648 Sensitizes Tumor Cells to Radiotherapy and Induces Type I IFN-Dependent Durable Tumor Control
Authors: Nakamura Kyoko , Karmokar Ankur , Farrington Paul M. , James Neil H. , Ramos-Montoya Antonio , Bickerton Susan J. , Hughes Gareth D. , Illidge Timothy M. , Cadogan Elaine B. , Davies Barry R. , Dovedi Simon J. , Valge-Archer Viia
Published: May 2021

Purpose:

Combining radiotherapy (RT) with DNA damage response inhibitors may lead to increased tumor cell death through radiosensitization. DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) plays an important role in DNA double-strand break repair via the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. We hypothesized that in addition to a radiosensitizing effect from the combination of RT with AZD7648, a potent and specific inhibitor of DNA-PK, combination therapy may also lead to modulation of an anticancer immune response.

Experimental Design:

AZD7648 and RT efficacy, as monotherapy and in combination, was investigated in fully immunocompetent mice in MC38, CT26, and B16-F10 models. Immunologic consequences were analyzed by gene expression and flow-cytometric analysis.

Results:

AZD7648, when delivered in combination with RT, induced complete tumor regressions in a significant proportion of mice. The antitumor efficacy was dependent on the presence of CD8+ T cells but independent of NK cells. Analysis of the tumor microenvironment revealed a reduction in T-cell PD-1 expression, increased NK-cell granzyme B expression, and elevated type I IFN signaling in mice treated with the combination when compared with RT treatment alone. Blocking of the type I IFN receptor in vivo also demonstrated a critical role for type I IFN in tumor growth control following combined therapy. Finally, this combination was able to generate tumor antigen-specific immunologic memory capable of suppressing tumor growth following rechallenge.

Conclusions:

Blocking the NHEJ DNA repair pathway with AZD7648 in combination with RT leads to durable immune-mediated tumor control.
Preexisting and Post–COVID-19 Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Bilich Tatjana , Roerden Malte , Maringer Yacine , Nelde Annika , Heitmann Jonas S. , Dubbelaar Marissa L. , Peter Andreas , Hörber Sebastian , Bauer Jens , Rieth Jonas , Wacker Marcel , Berner Fiamma , Flatz Lukas , Held Stefanie , Brossart Peter , Märklin Melanie , Wagner Philipp , Erne Eva , Klein Reinhild , Rammensee Hans-Georg , Salih Helmut R. , Walz Juliane S.
Published: May 2021

Patients with cancer, in particular patients with hematologic malignancies, are at increased risk for critical illness upon COVID-19. We here assessed antibody as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses in unexposed and SARS-CoV-2–infected patients with cancer to characterize SARS-CoV-2 immunity and to identify immunologic parameters contributing to COVID-19 outcome. Unexposed patients with hematologic malignancies presented with reduced prevalence of preexisting SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ T-cell responses and signs of T-cell exhaustion compared with patients with solid tumors and healthy volunteers. Whereas SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses did not differ between patients with COVID-19 and cancer and healthy volunteers, intensity, expandability, and diversity of SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses were profoundly reduced in patients with cancer, and the latter associated with a severe course of COVID-19. This identifies impaired SARS-CoV-2 T-cell immunity as a potential determinant for dismal outcome of COVID-19 in patients with cancer.

Significance:

This first comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in patients with cancer reports on the potential implications of impaired SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses for understanding pathophysiology and predicting severity of COVID-19, which in turn might allow for the development of therapeutic measures and vaccines for this vulnerable patient population.

See related commentary by Salomé and Horowitz, p. 1877.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1861
Complications after Functional Neck Dissection in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: An Observational, Retrospective, Single-Centre Study
Authors: Chiesa-Estomba Carlos M. , Soriano-Reixach Maria , Thomas-Arrizabalaga Izaskun , Sistiaga-Suarez Jon A. , González-García Jose A. , Larruscain Ekhiñe , Altuna Xabier
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Functional neck dissection (FND) represents a surgical procedure usually associated with less morbidity. Methods: An observational, retrospective, analysis of patients diagnosed with any type of head and neck malignancy was designed to summarize and report the incidence of postoperative complications in patients undergoing FND including just those levels described for selective neck dissections in a tertiary university hospital between June 2016 and June 2019. Results: 131 patients met the inclusion criteria. The total number of sides studied was 200. 40.5% of the patients suffer a complication in the postoperative period, being the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) injury the most common complication (10%). We did not find any statistical ­correlation between the previous organ-preservation treatments and surgical complications (p = 0.207). An advanced T stage (p = 0.009) and the need of bilateral FND (p = 0.034) were significantly correlated with a higher risk of surgical complications. Conclusion: FND represents a useful technique. In this study, 40.5% of the patients suffer a complication in the postoperative period, being the SAN injury the most common complication. However, these data contribute to increasing our knowledge about surgical complications related to FND.
Voz e (re)existência feminina negra nos contos "Aramides Florença" e "Mirtes Aparecida da Luz", de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Soares Deivanira Vasconcelos , Cunha Eronilde dos Santos
Published: May 2021

Este artigo visa analisar a construção de personagens femininas negras nos contos “Aramides Florença” e “Mirtes Aparecida da Luz”, enfatizando a resistência e representatividade da maternidade negra, em “Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres” (2011), de Conceição Evaristo. Tais mulheres protagonizam histórias de luta pela concretização de condições dignas de vida e de liberdade, ressaltado nas narrativas em abordagens singulares. É latente, nos textos, o ecoar de vozes/vidas/escritas utilizadas como mecanismos de combate contra o racismo e o machismo vigentes na literatura brasileira. Nesse sentido, a literatura de Evaristo se opõe à cunhada nas tradições eurocêntricas e escravocratas ao eleger linhas discursivas diferentes da hegemônica, tendo em vista realçar as diversidades culturais e vivências de promoção e empoderamento negro, além de recriar contextos de enunciação, contrapondo-se ao insistente silenciamento negro, em especial da mulher negra. O aporte teórico utilizado foi o lugar de fala, a voz e a letra da mulher na literatura marginal periférica, na concepção de Dalcastagnè (2012) e Ribeiro (2017), a personagem, no estudo de Brait (2017), dentre outros. Nos textos de Conceição Evaristo, as vidas negras têm importância e são construídas de forma humanizada.
Late Outcomes of the RAPID-TnT Randomized Controlled Trial: 0/1-Hour High-Sensitivity Troponin T Protocol in Suspected ACS
Authors: Lambrakis Kristina , Papendick Cynthia , French John K. , Quinn Stephen , Blyth Andrew , Seshadri Anil , Edmonds Michael J.R. , Chuang Anthony , Khan Ehsan , Nelson Adam J. , Wright Deborah , Horsfall Matthew , Morton Erin , Karnon Jonathan , Briffa Tom , Cullen Louise A. , Chew Derek P.
Published: May 2021

Background:

High-sensitivity troponin assays are increasingly being adopted to expedite evaluation of patients with suspected acute coronary syndromes. Few direct comparisons have examined whether the enhanced performance of these assays at low concentrations leads to changes in care that improves longer-term outcomes. This study evaluated late outcomes of participants managed under an unmasked 0/1-hour high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) protocol compared with a 0/3-hour masked hs-cTnT protocol.

Methods:

We conducted a multicenter prospective patient-level randomized comparison of care informed by unmasked 0/1-hour hs-cTnT protocol (reported to <5 ng/L) versus standard practice masked hs-cTnT testing (reported to ≤29 ng/L) assessed at 0/3 hours and followed participants for 12 months. Participants included were those presenting to metropolitan emergency departments with suspected acute coronary syndromes, without ECG evidence of coronary ischemia. The primary end point was time to all-cause death or myocardial infarction using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for clustering within hospitals.

Results:

Between August 2015 and April 2019, we randomized 3378 participants, of whom 108 withdrew, resulting in 12-month follow-up for 3270 participants (masked: 1632; unmasked: 1638). Among these, 2993 (91.5%) had an initial troponin concentration of ≤29 ng/L. Deployment of the 0/1-hour hs-cTnT protocol was associated with reductions in functional testing. Over 12-month follow-up, there was no difference in invasive coronary angiography (0/1-hour unmasked: 232/1638 [14.2%]; 0/3-hour masked: 202/1632 [12.4%];
P
=0.13), although an increase was seen among patients with hs-cTnT levels within the masked range (0/1-hour unmasked arm: 168/1507 [11.2%]; 0/3-hour masked arm: 124/1486 [8.3%];
P
=0.010). By 12 months, all-cause death and myocardial infarction did not differ between study arms overall (0/1-hour: 82/1638 [5.0%] versus 0/3-hour: 62/1632 [3.8%]; hazard ratio, 1.32 [95% CI, 0.95–1.83];
P
=0.10). Among participants with initial troponin T concentrations ≤29 ng/L, unmasked hs-cTnT reporting was associated with an increase in death or myocardial infarction (0/1-hour: 55/1507 [3.7%] versus 0/3-hour: 34/1486 [2.3%]; hazard ratio, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.05–2.46];
P
=0.030).

Conclusions:

Unmasked hs-cTnT reporting deployed within a 0/1-hour protocol did not reduce ischemic events over 12-month follow-up. Changes in practice associated with the implementation of this protocol may be associated with an increase in death and myocardial infarction among those with newly identified troponin elevations.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.anzctr.org.au
; Unique identifier: ACTRN12615001379505.
The response of rice varieties to Meloidogyne graminicola from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyê˜n Phong V. , Trâ`n Thă´ng B. , Nguyê˜n Phong T. , Nguyê˜n Loan N.T. , Biện Thanh L.T. , Tôn Linh B. , Lê Tiên T.H. , Tôn Ánh T. , Nguyê˜n Quô´c B. , Huỳnh Biê´t V. , Lê Ðôn Ð. , Bellafiore Stéphane
Published: May 2021

The rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola, is a serious pathogen of rice production worldwide. In Vietnam, scientific information on the rice root-knot nematode is limited. In this circumstance, our study aimed to investigate the characteristics of M. graminicola from rice fields in southern Vietnam and to evaluate the reaction of 20 rice varieties to this soil-borne pathogen in a glasshouse experiment. Ten populations of root-knot nematode collected from rice fields at different geographical regions in the Mekong Delta were identified as M. graminicola based on the perineal configuration of females and species-specific molecular markers. The morphological, morphometric and molecular characteristics of ten nematode isolates were defined, and the variations observed between these isolates were not significantly different. The pathogenicity of these isolates was examined in the susceptible Indica rice, Oryza sativa ‘IR64’, with a reproduction factor ranging from 18.1 to 37.8. Of the 20 Indica rice varieties tested in response to the nematode population MG-PN08, the ‘Tetep’ variety showed moderate resistance to the nematode (reproductive factor = 11.7; galling index = 2.4), while others were ranked at levels ranging from moderately susceptible to highly susceptible. The life cycle of M. graminicola in ‘Tetep’ root is 28 days compared to 21 in ‘IR64’. ‘Tetep’-nematode interaction at the histological and molecular levels needs further investigation to develop new rice varieties resistant to rice root-knot nematode.
Bursaphelenchus hibisci n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Ernoporus corpulentus (Scolytinae) emerged from dead Hibiscus tiliaceus (Malvaceae) twigs from Okinawa, Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi , Tsujimoto Satoshi , Kajimura Hisashi
Published: May 2021

A Bursaphelenchus sp. belonging to the B. idius-group was isolated from a bark beetle, Ernoporus corpulentus, which had emerged from dead twigs of Hibiscus tiliaceus collected in Okinawa, in the subtropical region of Japan. In addition to its group-specific characters, i.e., four lateral lines in both male and female and less developed capitulum and relatively broad blade of the male spicules, the species is characterised by a relatively slender female tail with various tip shapes. Molecularly, the species is close to B. fagi and B. tiliae based on SSU and D2-D3 LSU sequences, but can be clearly distinguished from these two species. The species is described and illustrated herein as B. hibisci n. sp.
‘Goat Beautiful of Voice’: A Piyyut of Abraham ibn Ezra from Medinet el-Fayyūm, Egypt
Authors: Harris Alex , Zellmann-Rohrer Michael
Published: May 2021

This zuta provides an edition of a new copy of a known piyyut by Abraham ibn Ezra, ‘Goat beautiful of voice’ (יַעְלָה יְפַת קוֹל), with translation, full collation, and commentary. This copy, now in the collection of the University of Michigan (P.Mich. inv. 531), offers some valuable new readings as well as evidence for the readership of Ibn Ezra in a provincial setting in medieval Egypt, as its provenance can be traced to the city of Medinet el-Fayyūm; the text can be added to evidence for a Jewish presence there, of which an overview is also given.
The Naturalizing Program of Perceptions Defended
Authors: de Sá Pereira Roberto Horácio
Published: May 2021

The author defends the naturalizing program of the notion of representation against the primitivist view according to which the notion of representation as belonging to psychology as a mature science is irreducible. First, the author concedes that the original teleological project trivializes the concept of representation by applying it to bacteria, protozoa, amoeba, when the best available explanation is the assumption that primitive organisms and artifacts are merely indicating proximal stimulation rather than representing the distal causes of stimulation. Yet, the author does not believe that this presents an unsurmountable obstacle for the naturalizing program when what is in question is genuine sensory representation, namely perception. In the author’s view, what matters for the naturalizing program are not cases in which the concept of representation is misemployed, but rather cases in which the focus is genuine sensory representation, that is, genuine perceptions; or so he shall argue.
Leucoagaricus fragilis sp. nov. (Agaricaceae) from Punjab, Pakistan

Authors: ASIF MUHAMMAD , NIAZI ABDUL REHMAN , IZHAR AIMAN , KHALID ABDUL NASIR , BASHIR HIRA
Published: May 2021

A novel species, Leucoagaricus fragilis, is described from the vicinity of the Cholistan desert, Punjab, Pakistan. The taxon is characterized by white, fragile basidiomata with a light brown, umbonate disk, a radially fibrillose pileus surface rarely splitting radially, pinkish brown lamellae at maturity, a white, bent stipe that stains yellowish upon handling, an inferior annulus, sub-globose to ellipsoid basidiospores, broadly clavate to abundantly sphaeropedunculate cheilocystidia, and cylindrical pileipellis hyphae intermixed with broader clavate elements with rounded ends. Morpho-anatomical and molecular phylogenetic analyses of nrITS and nrLSU datasets confirmed a new taxon in L. sect. Piloselli. A key to the known species of Leucoagaricus in Pakistan is also provided.
A novel species of Ischaemum (Poaceae, Andropogoneae) from the northern Western Ghats, India, based on morphological and molecular data

Authors: BOKIL SARANG A. , CHOUDHARY RITESH KUMAR , TAMHANKAR SHUBHADA , DATAR MANDAR N.
Published: May 2021

Ischaemum amboliense (Poaceae, Andropogoneae), a new species of Muraina grass, is described and illustrated here. The new species is closely allied to I. travancorense but differs from it in having annual habit and erect posture, culm with sparsely hairy nodes, well-exerted racemes, lower glumes of sessile spikelets with 3–4 side nodules without ridges, upper glume of sessile spikelets with bicuspidate apex and margins with a membranous wing on one side of apical region and lower lemma of sessile spikelets winged on both sides towards the apex. A strict consensus tree obtained from the Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses of trnLC–trnLD and ETS datasets supported the novelty of the species. Here, we provide a detailed morphological description, molecular phylogenetic analysis, distribution map, and photo-plates of the novel and allied species.
A new species of Psammophis (Serpentes: Psammophiidae) from the Turpan Basin in northwest China
Authors: CHEN MINLI , LIU JINLONG , CAI BO , LI JUN , WU NA , GUO XIANGUANG
Published: May 2021

An adult sand snake specimen was collected during a herpetofaunal survey conducted in the Turpan Basin in northwest China. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that this specimen, along with other snake sloughs and skins collected from different localities in the Turpan Basin formed a clade that is sister to Psammophis lineolatus. This taxon exhibited substantial divergence from its congeners (P. lineolatus and P. condanarus) with uncorrelated p-distances ranging from 11.9 ± 0.9% to 15.8 ± 1.6% for the ND4 gene and from 10.2 ± 0.8% to 13.8 ± 1.1% for the Cytb gene. Given the genetic differences along with morphological differences, we describe the specimen from the Turpan Basin as Psammophis turpanensis sp. nov. We provide detailed morphological descriptions, and compare this specimen with five Asian sand snakes and the Afro-Asian Sand Snake, P. schokari. In addition, we provide brief comments on the biogeography of Psammophis in China.
A new species of Tisis Walker from North Sumatra, Indonesia (Lepidoptera: Lecithoceridae)
Authors: HEPPNER JOHN B. , PARK KYU-TEK , BAE YANG-SEOP
Published: May 2021

A new species of the genus Tisis Walker is described from Sumatra, Indonesia, which is very close to T. sumatraensis Park, 2007.
Double warm-core structure and potential vorticity diagnosis during the rapid intensification of Supertyphoon Lekima (2019)
Authors: Shi Donglei , Chen Guanghua
Published: May 2021

The rapid intensification (RI) of supertyphoon Lekima (2019) is investigated from the perspective of balanced potential vorticity (PV) dynamics using a high-resolution numerical simulation. The PV budget shows that the inner-core PV anomalies (PVAs) formed during the RI mainly comprise an eyewall PV tower generated by diabatic heating, a high-PV bridge extending into the eye resulting from the PV mixing, and an upper-tropospheric high-PV core induced by the PV intrusion from stratosphere. The inversion of the total PVA at the end of the RI captures about 90% of changes in pressure and wind fields, indicating that the storm is quasi-balanced. The piecewise PV inversion further demonstrates that the eyewall and mixed PVAs induce the upper-level and midlevel warm cores in the eye region, respectively. The two warm cores cause nearly all the balanced central pressure decrease and thus dominate the RI, with the contribution of the upper warm core being twice that of the midlevel one. In contrast, the upper-tropospheric PV core induces significant warming near the tropopause and deep-layer cooling beneath, reinforcing the upper-level warm core but causing little surface pressure drop.

By comparing the diabatic PV generation due to the convective burst (CB) and non-CB precipitation, we found that the non-CB precipitation accounts for a larger portion for the eyewall PVA and thus the associated upper-level warming, distinct from previous studies that primarily attributed the upper-level warm-core formation to the CB. Nevertheless, CBs act to be more efficient PV generators due to their vigorous latent heat release and are thus favorable for RI.
Child Psychiatry Consultation Clinic for Pediatricians: Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Fallucco Elise M. , Landy Robin E. , Leung Kitty , Robertson Blackmore Emma
Published: May 2021

There is an urgent need for new clinical models to improve access to child mental health care. Pediatricians are tasked to care for youth with mild to moderate mental health problems, but require additional training. This article describes an outpatient child psychiatry consultation clinic (CPC) designed to empower pediatricians to care for youth with depression, anxiety, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Over a 2-year period, 40 primary care physicians (PCPs) referred 159 patients to the CPC. The most common primary diagnoses of patients seen for consultation were generalized anxiety disorder (35%), major depressive disorder (24%), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (20%). Most patients (89%) had at least 2 psychiatric diagnoses. Nearly four fifths (79%) of these patients successfully returned to their PCP for ongoing care. PCPs reported that the CPC enhanced their skills and improved access to mental health care. Similar models are needed to facilitate early intervention for the millions of youth with mental health problems.
Hand Posture and Force Estimation Using Surface Electromyography and an Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Wang Mengcheng , Zhao Chuan , Barr Alan , Fan Hao , Yu Suihuai , Kapellusch Jay , Harris Adamson Carisa
Published: May 2021

Objective

The purpose of this study was to develop an approach to predict hand posture (pinch versus grip) and grasp force using forearm surface electromyography (sEMG) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) during tasks that varied repetition rate and duty cycle.

Background

Prior studies have used electromyography with machine learning models to predict grip force but relatively few studies have assessed whether both hand posture and force can be predicted, particularly at varying levels of duty cycle and repetition rate.

Method

Fourteen individuals participated in this experiment. sEMG data for five forearm muscles and force output data were collected. Calibration data (25, 50, 75, 100% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)) were used to train ANN models to predict hand posture (pinch versus grip) and force magnitude while performing tasks that varied load, repetition rate, and duty cycle.

Results

Across all participants, overall hand posture prediction accuracy was 79% (0.79 ± .08), whereas overall hand force prediction accuracy was 73% (0.73 ± .09). Accuracy ranged between 0.65 and 0.93 based on varying repetition rate and duty cycle.

Conclusion

Hand posture and force prediction were possible using sEMG and ANNs, though there were important differences in the accuracy of predictions based on task characteristics including duty cycle and repetition rate.

Application

The results of this study could be applied to the development of a dosimeter used for distal upper extremity biomechanical exposure measurement, risk assessment, job (re)design, and return to work programs.
Status of Agricultural Credit and Indebtedness in India: An Analysis
Authors: Maurya Suresh Kumar , Vishwakarma Neha
Published: May 2021

This article attempts to analyse status of agricultural credit and indebtedness in India. The objectives of the study are as follows: (a) to study a comparison of flow of total institutional agricultural credit among different land size groups at all India level; (b) to study a comparison of indebtedness of agricultural households between different size classes of land possessed at both states and all India level and (c) to analyse incidence of indebtedness in major Indian states. It is concluded that mostly, short- and medium-term loans of agricultural purposes are taken for marginal land size groups in India. The percentage of indebted agricultural households to total agricultural household increases as land size increases. The percentage of holdings is less than percentage of indebted agricultural households in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Karnataka, Odisha and Rajasthan.

JEL Code: Q14
Volte-Face on the Welfare State: Social Partners, Knowledge Economies, and the Expansion of Work-Family Policies
Authors: Skorge Øyvind Søraas , Rasmussen Magnus Bergli
Published: May 2021

To what extent organized employers and trade unions support social policies is contested. This article examines the case of work-family policies (WFPs), which have surged to become a central part of the welfare state. In that expansion, the joint role of employers and unions has largely been disregarded in the comparative political economy literature. The article posits that the shift from Fordist to knowledge economies is the impetus for the social partners’ support for WFPs. If women make up an increasing share of high-skilled employees, employers start favoring WFPs to increase their labor supply. Similarly, unions favor WFPs if women constitute a significant part of their membership base. Yet the extent to which changes in preferences translate into policy depends on the presence of corporatist institutions. These claims are supported with statistical analyses of WFPs in eighteen advanced democracies across five decades and an in-depth case study of Norway. The article thus demonstrates that the trajectory of the new welfare state is decisively affected by the preferences and power of unions and employers.
Criminogenic Need Profiles Among Substance-Using Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: De Somma Elisea , Rizeq Jala , Skilling Tracey A.
Published: May 2021

The relationship between juvenile offending and substance use is well-documented. Understanding this relationship in the context of other criminogenic needs could lead to more effective treatment programming, in an effort to reduce future justice system involvement. This study retrospectively classified 276 substance-using youth in the justice system into unique profiles based on the nature and severity of self-reported substance use and criminogenic needs. We tested competing latent profile analysis (LPA) models with a variable number of profiles. A four-profile model was optimal and included: (a) clinical drug and alcohol use with high criminogenic needs; (b) borderline-clinical drug use with low criminogenic needs; (c) clinical drug use with high criminogenic needs; and (d) clinical drug use with low to moderate criminogenic needs. Profiles demonstrated unique patterns of demographic and clinical factors, index offense, and rates of recidivism. Clinical implications for justice-involved youth with substance abuse are discussed, particularly related to treatment needs/services.
Achieving Testing Effects in an Authentic College Classroom
Authors: Shobe Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

Background:

Findings from the testing effect literature suggest several ways to achieve testing effects in an authentic classroom, but few consider instructor workload, equity, and resources that determine feasibility and sustainability of testing effect methods in practice.

Objective:

To determine elements and procedures from the testing effect literature for practical application, devise a method for feasibly and sustainably implementing testing effect methods in practice, and determine if a simple way to incorporate retrieval practice into an existing introduction to psychology course was sufficient to observe testing effects.

Method:

Quiz scores of Introductory Psychology sections with and without retrieval practice were compared. Sections with retrieval practice also compared the effects of repeated and new questions on quiz performance.

Results:

Students with retrieval practice performed significantly better on quizzes than those without. Repeated and new retrieval practice were equally superior.

Conclusion:

Retrieval practices can successfully be implemented, feasibly and sustainably, in an authentic classroom environment. Retrieval practice questions can be related to delayed practice questions, rather than exact repeats, to achieve a testing effect.

Teaching Implications:

Distributing low stakes multiple-choice questions throughout lectures is effective for increasing test performance. The current method was neither burdensome to workload, content, or resources.
Effects of Age on Recovery of Olfactory Function After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and Related Risk Factors
Authors: Qi Weiping , Feng Liang , Yang Fengyan , Ma Weihuan
Published: May 2021

Objectives:

To study the effects of age on the olfactory function recovery of chronic rhinosinusitis patients after endoscopic sinus surgery and related risk factors.

Methods:

A total of 176 chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients enrolled from February 2017 to October 2019 were divided into child, youth, middle-aged, and elderly groups. Their baseline data, T&T olfactory test score, visual analogue scale (VAS) olfactory score, sinus computed tomography (CT) Lund-Mackay score, and Lund-Kennedy score were compared. Based on postoperative olfactory function, they were divided into good and poor improvement groups.

Results:

Complication with nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis history, and sinus surgery history had significant differences among patients of different ages ( P < .05). Three months after surgery, T&T olfactory, VAS olfactory, Lund-Mackay, and Lund-Kennedy scores all rose with increasing age, with significant differences between any 2 groups ( P < .05). The improvement of postoperative olfactory function became poorer with aging ( P < .05). T&T and VAS olfactory scores had significant positive correlations with Lund-Mackay and Lund-Kennedy scores ( P < .001). Age, preoperative Lund-Mackay and Lund-Kennedy scores, complication with nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis history, sinus surgery history, and postoperative complications were risk factors for the poor improvement of postoperative olfactory function. Doctor-directed treatment was a protective factor for good improvement.

Conclusions:

The improvement of olfactory function of CRS patients after endoscopic sinus surgery declines with aging. Age, preoperative Lund-Mackay and Lund-Kennedy scores, complication with nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis history, sinus surgery history, and postoperative complications are risk factors for the poor improvement of postoperative olfactory function. Doctor-directed treatment is a protective factor for good improvement.
Cost Analysis of Open Surgical Bedside Tracheostomy in Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Døving Mats , Anandan Steven , Rogne Kjetil Gudmundson , Utheim Tor Paaske , Brunborg Cathrine , Galteland Pål , Sunde Kjetil
Published: May 2021

Objectives:

Open surgical tracheostomy (OST) is a common procedure performed on intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The procedure can be performed bedside in the ICU (bedside open surgical tracheostomy, BeOST) or in the operating room (operating room open surgical tracheostomy, OROST), with comparable safety and long-term complication rates. We aimed to perform a cost analysis and evaluate the use of human resources and the total time used for both BeOSTs and OROSTs.

Methods:

All OSTs performed in 2017 at 5 different ICUs at Oslo University Hospital Ullevål were retrospectively evaluated. The salaries of the personnel involved in the 2 procedures were obtained from the hospital’s finance department. The time taken and the number of procedures performed were extracted from annual reports and from the electronic patient record system, and the annual expenditures were calculated.

Results:

Altogether, 142 OSTs were performed, of which 122 (86%) and 20 (14%) were BeOSTs and OROSTs, respectively. A BeOST cost 343 EUR (95% CI: 241.4-444.6) less than an OROST. Bedside open surgical tracheostomies resulted in an annual cost efficiency of 41.818 EUR. In addition, BeOSTs freed 279 hours of operating room occupancy during the study year. Choosing BeOST instead of OROST made 1 nurse, 2 surgical nurses, and 1 anesthetic nurse redundant.

Conclusion:

Bedside open surgical tracheostomy appears to be cost-, time-, and resource-effective than OROST. In the absence of contraindications, BeOSTs should be performed in ICU patients whenever possible.
Bold Voices and New Opportunities: An Expanded Research Agenda for the Resource-Based View
Authors: Barney Jay B. , Ketchen David J. , Wright Mike
Published: May 2021

We briefly introduce the fourteen articles that compose the special issue. Collectively, they highlight three types of pathways for additional contributions involving the resource-based view of the firm: opportunities to enhance synergy between the resource-based view and other theories, opportunities to build greater content knowledge by leveraging the resource-based view, and opportunities to expand the strategic resources concept.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the 11-Item de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale in Iranian Older Adults
Authors: Hosseinabadi Reza , Foroughan Mahshid , Harouni Gholamreza Ghaedamini , Lotfi Mohammad-Sajjad , Pournia Yadollah
Published: May 2021

Loneliness is usually a chronic condition which may lead to physical and psychological undesirable consequences, and requires measurement and intervention. This study was conducted with the aim of preparing a Persian version of the 11-item de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale and evaluating its psychometric properties among the Iranian older adults. After applying the translation-back translation method, the prepared script was subjected to the face and content validity evaluations and a Persian version of the scale was prepared. Factor analysis, concurrent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest methods were used to validate the scale. The Persian version of the 11-item de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale showed acceptable content validity. The negative and significant correlations between the loneliness scores and the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale indicated that the questionnaire had acceptable concurrent validity. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed two factors for the scale. Also, the results of the intra-class correlation coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient demonstrated that the scale had acceptable reliability. The Persian version of the 11-item de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale is an appropriate tool for measuring loneliness in the Iranian older adults.
Cervical Cancer Prevention Education Program for Rural Korean Immigrant Women
Authors: Choi Jung A. , Kim Oksoo
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a cervical cancer prevention education program for rural Korean immigrant women. A total of 46 Korean immigrant women who had not been screened in the past three years participated. The experimental group participated in the intervention program once a week for four weeks and completed a post-program survey in week 12. Compared to the control group, significant increases were detected in level of knowledge of cervical cancer prevention ( p = .001), behavioral attitude toward cervical cancer prevention ( p = .029) and behavioral intention regarding cervical cancer prevention ( p = .005) in the experimental group. Pap screening rate of the experimental group was significantly increased ( p = .029), but the rate of change in the selection of primary care providers was not significant. The results suggest the need for a multilevel approach to address cultural and systemic barriers to Korean immigrant women in promotion of cervical cancer prevention behavior.