bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photoaging versus Chronological Aging – A Histological Study on Human Female Skin
Authors: Sabu Godly Sara , Romi S. , Sajey P. S.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Photoaging of skin is the premature and irreversible aging occurring due to sunlight exposure, mainly ultraviolet radiation. Due to changes in the structure of DNA, it is considered to be dangerous. Photoaging occurs most commonly in the exposed areas of the skin. Pigmentation, tanning, freckles, and age spots are some of its manifestations, which can even lead to cancer. In sun-protected areas, these features are less observed. A deeper understanding of the normal microscopic features of all age groups is indispensable for advanced detection of the pathology of photo exposure, if any. Hence, a descriptive study on the histology of human female skin based on the effect of sunlight exposure was conducted with the aim of finding out the influence of sunlight on skin aging.

Methodology:

Thirty-four tissue samples of human skin, each from the ventral wall of the abdomen and extensor aspect of the forearm from female bodies subjected to autopsy were collected and grouped into two different categories based on sunlight exposure. The changes in the thickness of the epidermis were observed in four different age groups using hematoxylin and eosin stains. The statistics obtained were organized with the help of a master chart in Microsoft Excel and examined. Mean and P values were analyzed.

Results:

Mean epidermal thickness of exposed and unexposed skin showed an increase chronologically (P < 0.001) up to 60 years. The exposed skin showed significantly more epidermal thickness than unexposed skin (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Mean epidermal thickness in females is significantly higher in exposed skin than in unexposed skin in all age groups.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Pediatric Demyelinating Disorders in Calabar, Nigeria: A Case Series
Authors: Torty C , Eyong KI , Nwachukwu K , Asindi AA
Published: June 2024

Background:

Demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) are rare disorders characterized by inflammation and the selective destruction of CNS myelin. The incidence of this disorder is increasing in developed countries. Nigerian studies on the pediatric population on the subject are very scarce.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to document the epidemiology, clinical profile, and impact of late presentation on the treatment outcome of demyelinating diseases of the CNS in pediatric patients.

Methods:

The retrospective review of patients aged 1–15 years admitted in a tertiary hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 with various symptoms suggestive of demyelinating CNS disorders. The diagnosis was clinically and radiologically confirmed. Information retrieved from the case notes included patients’ demographics, clinical symptoms and signs, number of days with symptoms to presentation in the hospital, results of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), treatment, and treatment outcomes. Data were entered in Excel sheet and results were presented in tables and percentages.

Results:

The incidence of demyelinating disorders over the period was 0.013% (10 out of 769 patients admitted over the period). Acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was the most common disorder seen in the study population (60%, n = 6), followed by transverse myelitis and two (20%) had optic neuritis (ON). Most of the patients with ADEM were in the 1–5-year age group. The female-to-male ratio was 2.3:1. Paraplegia, visual impairment, and ataxia were the most common clinical presentations in the study population. One of the patients met the criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis during follow-up. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was identified as the cause of demyelination in one case. Most of the patients improved with steroids.

Conclusion:

ADEM was the most common clinical phenotype seen in this study. Patients with ADEM and ON had a better prognosis than transverse myelitis. Late presentation was also identified as a poor prognostic factor. Follow-up of cases is very important to monitor disease progression to multiple sclerosis.
Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Prescription and Consumption in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital: A Gateway to the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program
Authors: Nwafia IN , Nwachukwu PT , Orakwe O , Ebede SO , Amagwu C , Aroh A , Orabueze O , Ndubueze C , Okeke P , Ijere O , Izundu D , Ohanu M , Ozumba U , Oduyebo O , Versporten A
Published: June 2024

Background:

Antimicrobial stewardship is an important action plan for curbing the rising trend of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Surveillance of antimicrobial use and consumption is needed as baseline data and for monitoring the impact of antimicrobial stewardship interventions. The survey was done to understand the burden of AMR, in view of establishing an antimicrobial stewardship program in our hospital.

Methods:

A point prevalence survey (PPS) of antimicrobial use and consumption was conducted on all inpatients admitted before 8.00 am on the days of the survey using a standardized questionnaire. The collected data were entered online into the Global PPS web-based application (www.global-pps.com), for analysis.

Result:

Of the 178 patients admitted during the survey period, 50.6% were on one or more antimicrobial agents. All the patients in adult intensive care units were on antibiotics (100%), followed by neonatal intensive care units (83.3%), with the least being adult medical wards (39.4%). Beta-lactam antibiotics were the most frequently prescribed antimicrobial for various infections, especially skin and soft tissue infections, 41.3%, which were the most common diagnoses treated with antibiotics. The infection was mostly community-acquired (81.6%), of which 94.9% were treated empirically. There was no written guideline in existence.

Conclusion:

The present study revealed a poor prescribing habit because of a high rate of empirical treatment. The need for antimicrobial stewardship cannot be overemphasized as it will help streamline and improve the prescribing pattern.
Impact of Piezo and other Osteotomy Models on Soft Tissue, Blood Oxidative Stress, and Proinflammatory Markers
Authors: Kaplan O , Arıcıgil M , Erdem RO , Abakir N , Eravcı FC , Arbag H
Published: June 2024

Background:

Rhinoplasty is a common surgical procedure used in nose esthetics and pathologies. Shaping the nasal bones is a crucial step in achieving successful rhinoplasty surgery. However, complications such as excessive bleeding, edema, mucosal damage, and periosteal damage may occur during osteotomy for nose shaping.

Aim:

To investigate the damage to soft tissue and the effects on oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the blood caused by osteotomy performed on rabbits, using different osteotomy methods. Methods: Thirty-two albino New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups. Group A was the sham group (n = 8), Group B the piezoelectric device group (n = 8), Group C the manual saw group (n = 8), and Group D the classical osteotomy group (n = 8). About 3 ml of blood was drawn to compare preoperative and postoperative interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and glutathione (GSH) levels. A 1 mm3 piece of soft tissue from the nasal bone of each animal in the study groups was sent for histopathological examination. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the incidence of postoperative necrosis, inflammation, and edema in the groups.

Results:

Histopathologically, edema was significantly higher in Group C and Group D compared to Group B. Inflammation was increased in all groups. The necrosis was significantly higher in Group B compared to Group C and Group D. Except for two parameters, no significant changes were found in the biochemical markers for all groups.

Conclusions:

The piezoelectric device was found to be a better option for reducing edema and inflammation, while manual saws and classical osteotomy may lead to more tissue damage.
Evaluation of Dental Plaque Area with Artificial Intelligence Model
Authors: Yüksel B , Özveren N , Yeşil Ç
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of an artificial intelligence (AI) system employing deep learning for identifying dental plaque, utilizing a dataset comprising photographs of permanent teeth.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, photographs of 168 teeth belonging to 20 patients aged between 10 and 15 years, who met our criteria, were included. Intraoral photographs were taken of the patients in two stages, before and after the application of the plaque staining agent. To train the AI system to identify plaque on teeth with dental plaque that is not discolored, plaque and teeth were marked on photos with exposed dental plaque. One hundred forty teeth were used to construct the training group, while 28 teeth were used to create the test group. Another dentist reviewed images of teeth with dental plaque that was not discolored, and the effectiveness of AI in detecting plaque was evaluated using pertinent performance indicators. To compare the AI model and the dentist’s evaluation outcomes, the mean intersection over union (IoU) values were evaluated by the Wilcoxon test.

Results:

The AI system showed higher performance in our study with a precision of 82% accuracy, 84% sensitivity, 83% F1 score, 87% accuracy, and 89% specificity in plaque detection. The area under the curve (AUC) value was found to be 0.922, and the IoU value was 76%. Subsequently, the dentist’s plaque diagnosis performance was also evaluated. The IoU value was 0.71, and the AUC was 0.833. The AI model showed statistically significantly higher performance than the dentist (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The AI algorithm that we developed has achieved promising results and demonstrated clinically acceptable performance in detecting dental plaque compared to a dentist.
Evaluation of liver fibrosis by non-invasive markers (transient elastography vs. APRI, FIB-4, and FORNS) in chronic hepatitis C virus carriers in a low-income country
Authors: Servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka , Tatiana Bekolo Nga Winnie , Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa , Antonin Ndjitoyap Ndam , Arielle Tchapda , Agnes Malongue , Dominique Noah Noah , Firmin Ankouane Andoulo , Christian Tzeuton , Henri Luma Namme
Published: June 2024

Background:

The interest in evaluating hepatic fibrosis stems from the fact that the risk of developing cirrhosis following hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is estimated at 10%–20%. The aim of this study was to identify feasible, accessible, and affordable non-invasive methods other than transient elastography (TE) in the evaluation of liver fibrosis in a resource-limited country.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted over 24 months in two health facilities in Douala, Cameroon. All chronically infected HCV patients who had undergone a TE were enrolled. In this study, TE was considered the gold standard for evaluating hepatic fibrosis. Other non-invasive markers considered were the aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio (APRI) index, fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and FORNS scores. The sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of each marker to determine significant fibrosis and cirrhosis were calculated for different thresholds, and the best Se/Sp ratio evaluated by the area under the receiving operating characteristic curve.

Results:

One hundred eighty-four patients were enrolled. The mean age was 56.2 ± 10.6 years with a female predominance. There was a positive correlation between TE and the FIB-4 score, the APRI score, and the FORNS score. The threshold values to predict significant fibrosis for the FIB-4, APRI, and FORNS score were 2, 0.5, and 7.6, respectively. The threshold values to predict cirrhosis for the FIB-4, APRI, and FORNS scores were 3.2, 1.3, and 9.6, respectively.

Conclusion:

The FIB-4 score is the best at predicting significant fibrosis, while the APRI and FIB-4 scores are the best at predicting cirrhosis in hepatitis C patients when compared to TE as the gold standard.
Prevalence, patterns, and risk factors for endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injuries among endoscopists in Nigeria
Authors: Onyia Chinwe Philomena , Adiri Winifred Njideka , Ugwuanyi Joy , Asogwa Promise Udoka , Chukwurah Shirley , Anigbo Gideon Ekene , Ede Jude Kenechukwu , Enemuo Vincent , Obienu Olive , Ijoma Uchenna Nkemdilim , Nwokediuko Sylvester Chuks
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Musculoskeletal issues are quite common among endoscopists especially considering the complexity of GI endoscopy with prolonged examination time. In particular, the combination of repetitive movements, long procedure time, high volume and setup of the endoscopy suite provide the basis for these health issues. Considering the increasing number of new endoscopic interventional and diagnostic procedures, ergonomics in gastrointestinal endoscopy has not been addressed to the same extent. There has been no study on musculoskeletal injuries among practicing endoscopists in Nigeria. This study was designed to study the prevalence, patterns and risk factors for endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injuries among endoscopists in Nigeria.

Methods:

This was a nationwide cross-sectional questionnaire-based study in which practicing endoscopists in Nigeria were administered an online Google form. The questions on the questionnaire were adapted from the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The questionnaire also included social demographic variables. There were 66 respondents which included gastroenterology physicians and surgeons. Data was analyzed with IBM-SPSS version 25. Inferential statistics was done using chi-square with p-value set at 0.05.

Results:

The Prevalence of endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injuries among endoscopists in Nigeria is very high. The commonest sites affected were the wrist/hands, lower back, neck and shoulders. These injuries prevented about one-third of the endoscopists from carrying out their normal activities while the injuries were severe enough to necessitate therapy in more than two-thirds of the respondents. The only statistically significant risk factor for endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injury was female sex.

Conclusion:

Most of the endoscopists in Nigeria have not had any form of training on ergonomics. While most of the endoscopists adopted the correct posture while performing endoscopies, a significant number did not practice ergonomic timeout nor use the finger grip technique. Thus there was a knowledge gap as well as a practice gap. A proper ergonomic education is a key step in preventing endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injury.
Stand-alone pars plana vitrectomy versus pars plana vitrectomy with retinopexy for retinal vasoproliferative tumors
Authors: Grassi Piergiacomo
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to compare surgical indications, functional outcomes, and postoperative complications of stand-alone pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) versus PPV with retinopexy for retinal vasoproliferative tumors (RVPTs).

METHODS:

Retrospective multicenter cohort study: 12 consecutive pars plana vitrectomies in 12 eyes with RVPTs performed either stand alone (Group S), or associated with intraoperative retinopexy on the RVPT (Group R) between April 2017 and December 2020 were included.

RESULTS:

Surgical indications included epiretinal membranes (ERMs) (42%), vitreous opacities (25%), recurrent-persistent vitreous hemorrhage (VH) (17%), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (8%), and biopsy of retinal lesion (8%). The mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.97 ± 0.78 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) in Group S and 1.09 ± 0.67 in Group R (P = 0.344). The mean postoperative follow-up was 29.33 ± 8.73 in Group S and 27.66 ± 16.93 months in Group R (P = 0.424). The mean postoperative BCVA was 1.29 ± 0.94 logMAR in Group S and 0.32 ± 0.19 in Group R (P = 0.115). Compared to preoperatively, postoperative BCVAs significantly improved in Group R (P = 0.012). The final BCVA ≥20/80 logMAR was achieved in 2 (33%) cases in Group S and in 6 (100%) cases in Group R. Complications included recurrent-persistent VH (n = 3) and dragged fovea (n = 1) in Group S (67%) and ERM (n = 1), cystoid macular edema (n = 1), and subretinal exudation (n = 1) in Group R (50%).

CONCLUSION:

Vitrectomy in RVPTs seemed efficacious and safe for certain indications. Functional outcomes and complications appeared to be superior in eyes which underwent retinopexy on RVPTs compared to the stand-alone vitrectomy group.
Modern Broadcasting: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for More Personalized Content
Authors: Azahra Astrid Sulistya , Binti Abdullah Suhaimi Nurnisaa , Yuningsih Siti Hadiaty
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology and big data analytics have changed the landscape of the modern broadcast industry by providing a deeper understanding of audiences, increasing content personalization and strengthening engagement with viewers. In this study, we investigate the impact of the use of this technology in the broadcasting industry, with a focus on the analysis of demographic data, the use of recommendation algorithms, personalized interactions through AI technology, and optimization of broadcast time. Analysis of demographic data allows broadcasters to understand their audiences better, while the use of recommendation algorithms provides the opportunity to serve more personalized content to audiences, increasing engagement and interaction. The use of AI technology in audience interactions, such as chatbots and virtual assistants, also provides viewers with a more personalized experience, while optimizing broadcast time allows broadcasters to reach a wider audience and increase broadcast effectiveness. Although AI technology and big data analysis bring significant benefits, ethical challenges related to data privacy and security remain a major concern. By considering these challenges, broadcasters can leverage this technology effectively to improve content quality, increase engagement with audiences, and remain relevant in an ever-changing broadcast environment.
Effect of viscosity on reservoir deliverability of greenfield, Niger-Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Adepehin Damilare Stephen , Anu L. C. , Babinisi Ayodeji Bodunde , Odudu Abimbola Isaac , Olajide Temitayo Adenike , Awosika Damilola Doctor , Ikusika Akintayo
Published: June 2024

Reservoir deliverability has been a concern in exploration geosciences as it determines the volume of hydrocarbon that is exploitable from a reservoir. In this research, we recorded the viscosity (η) of fluid from Green field in order for us to have an idea of its deliverability. Different quantity of heat was injected in the form of steam into Green reservoir fluids at every 30 minutes interval and the changes in the viscosity at every considered temperature were estimated to determine the reservoir deliverability. Reservoir fluid from Green field were collected every 30 minutes interval to obtain its terminal velocity (VT ) which is needed to estimate η.  The viscosity and deliverability of the reservoir in percentage were 5.073 Nsm-2 and 40% before the injection of steam. Each of the 30 minutes interval of temperature increase after the injection of steam showed a direct variation of the temperature with VT and an indirect variation with η of the fluids. Each of the reservoir fluids collected for five different times from Green field were divided into five portions. After steam injection, the first, second, third, fourth and the fifth collected fluids, respectively, produced an average VT and η of 2.83 ms-1 and 2.164 Nsm-2 , 3.89 ms-1 and 1.576 Nsm-2 , 4.82 ms-1 and 1.272 Nsm-2 , 5.92 ms-1 and 1.034 Nsm-2 and 7.07 ms-1 and 0.865 Nsm-2 which depicts easy movement of hydrocarbon as temperature increases. The percentage average deliverability of the reservoir after the application of heat at five different 30 minutes interval temperature change becomes 53.44% which showed clearly that for non-volatile hydrocarbon, reservoir deliverability can be improved upon by injecting heat as it reduces viscosity and enhances easy mobility of hydrocarbon up the wells.
Fortaleciendo la integridad académica en la cadena de suministro: Evaluación de un programa antiplagio en la formación universitaria
Authors: González Torres Arturo , Ríos Romero Vianey , Pereira Hernández María Luisa
Published: June 2024

En la presente investigación “Implementación del software antiplagio en el tópico de formación universitaria, caso de estudio: cadena de suministro; tuvo como objetivo, conocer el impacto del plagio en la materia de Cadena de Suministro de la carrera de Ingeniería en Gestión Empresarial. Así mismo, los estudiantes se enfrentan a circunstancias diversas por prácticas del plagio, así el proceso de enseñanza se ha visto vulnerado. Se destaca entonces las prácticas de los universitarios, originadas por malos hábitos que influyen en su formación. Por otra parte, conocer a detalle, la situación mencionada implicó dos instrumentos; el primero fue “diagnóstico del plagio en la educación superior” con un alfa de Cronbach de .81%, por su parte en el instrumento dos: “El plagio en el tópico de formación” se obtuvo .83% es decir, existe una confiabilidad en ambos instrumentos. Uno de los factores del acto de plagiar es en relación a la sobre carga de trabajo con 27.8%, así mismo, la falta de tiempo en las tareas demandadas con 30.6%; el estrés con 27.8%, mientras que el instrumento dos, “El plagio en el tópico de formación los estudiantes” subrayan que el 28.9% si han copiado fragmentos de otros trabajos sin citar, mientras que el 21.1% dicen haber hecho trabajos sin colocar autores; otro de los tópicos fue, si han realizado algún escrito sin citar con 54.1 %. Finalmente se implementó el software Turnitin para evaluar trabajos investigativos del estudiantado, donde se obtuvo 62 % de originalidad, el cual se busca reforzar sus habilidades investigativas.
Effect of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Thyroid Problems among Adolescent Girls in M E S Institute of Technology and Management, Chathannoor, Kollam
Authors: R.S Bindu. , M.T Amrutha. , G.A Arya. , D.S Bhavya. , K.K Harsha. , Sajeev Meenakshi , Mohan Soumya.S.
Published: June 2024

Adolescence, which marks the shift from childhood to adulthood, is marked by significant changes in both physical and psychological traits. Thyroid gland problems are the most common endocrine disorders globally, second only to diabetes mellitus, according to the WHO. This study examined the impact of a structured teaching program on teenage girls' understanding of thyroid issues. The goals of the current study were to determine the relationship between the pre-test knowledge score regarding thyroid problems among adolescent girls and specific demographic variables and assess the knowledge regarding thyroid problems among teenage girls and the impact of a structured teaching program on their knowledge of thyroid problems. Convenience sampling was employed in the pre-experimental one-group pre-test-post-test design, with a sample size 48. A knowledge questionnaire was used for the pre-test. Students received 30 minutes of structured instruction. Two weeks later, the post-test was completed. Pre-test results showed that 68.75% (33) of the samples knew average information, 18.75% (9) knew good information, and 12.5% (6) knew poor information. Following the administration of STP, 29.17% (14) reported having good knowledge, 70.88% (38) had average knowledge, and none had poor knowledge. A significant correlation was found between thyroid problems and several demographic variables, including family type, monthly income, dietary habits, family history of thyroid issues, irregular menstruation, thyroid problems, and being on thyroid medications.
Contribuciones de las mujeres Arhuacas en el desarrollo territorial sostenible de sus comunidades
Authors: Duran-Izquierdo Margareth , Durán-Izquierdo Atikeinis , Durán-Izquierdo Ati
Published: June 2024

A lo largo de los años, las comunidades indígenas han logrado reivindicar muchos de sus derechos fundamentales mediante luchas colectivas. En estas luchas, las mujeres también buscan visibilizar su participación y contribución en la conservación del conocimiento y las prácticas comunitarias, así como tener un papel protagónico y decisorio en los ámbitos político, social y económico de sus comunidades. El presente documento relata y reflexiona alrededor de experiencias particulares y transformadoras protagonizadas por mujeres indígenas del Resguardo Arhuaco de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Estos relatos ponen de relieve la participación e impacto de las mujeres en actividades como la soberanía alimentaria, el rescate de la memoria cultural, la implementación de justicia propia, especialmente en la defensa de los derechos de las niñas y mujeres, y otros aspectos como la educación, la literatura indígena y la creación de redes solidarias entre mujeres indígenas. Finalmente, se esgrimen algunas consideraciones respecto a la necesidad de lograr la paridad en los cargos de toma de decisiones dentro de las comunidades indígenas. Esto, a pesar de que las mujeres en este territorio ya lideran esta lucha, que les permitirá en el mediano plazo una mayor participación sociopolítica y en las decisiones comunitarias del orden local y nacional.
caso Padilla em Cuba:
Authors: Martins Villaça Mariana , Cezar Miskulin Sílvia
Published: June 2024

O documentário O caso Padilla (Pavel Giroud, 2022) levou ao grande público trechos da gravação da polêmica confissão do escritor e poeta cubano Heberto Padilla, que ocorreu na sede da Unión de Escritores y Artistas de Cuba, em 27 de abril de 1971, e marcou o início dos chamados “anos cinzentos” na história da Revolução desse país. Neste artigo, apresentamos o contexto político e cultural que explica historicamente a prisão e a autocrítica feita por Padilla nesse evento e seu impacto no meio intelectual. Em seguida, analisamos a abordagem adotada no documentário dos registros audiovisuais remanescentes, buscando compreender os sentidos construídos pela obra ao mobilizar esse material de arquivo pouco conhecido, além de utilizar outros documentos que atestam a repercussão mundial desse episódio e seus desdobramentos.
Entre salões e banquetes:
Authors: Vicente Melissa
Published: June 2024

A proposta deste artigo consiste em apresentar um estudo preliminar acerca da importância dos banquetes, jantares e recepções como cenário de atuação diplomática feminina não oficial, revelando o intercâmbio entre a Europa e as Américas, no século XIX e início do XX. Foram analisados tanto autores que se dedicaram a investigar a cultura dos salões quanto os que buscaram estabelecer uma aproximação entre a experiência de diplomacia e os perfis femininos que ali atuaram. A metodologia da pesquisa qualitativa e bibliográfica, aliada à investigação em fontes primárias e periódicas, permitiu levantar e analisar notícias sobre essas reuniões, bem como publicações autobiográficas de duas embaixatrizes dos Estados Unidos: Edith O’Shaughnessy e Madame Hegermann-Lindencrone. Por fim, constatou-se que a participação feminina na esfera pública se encontra nas entrelinhas da história, nos bastidores da arte da diplomacia, com o intuito de estreitar laços ideológicos, aproximar Estados e promover o intercâmbio cultural entre nações.
PROBLEM DAKWAH DI DAERAH MINORITAS MUSLIM
Authors: Yeni Yasyah Sinaga
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui problem dakwah di daerah minoritas muslim khususnya di Porsea Kabupaten Toba Samosir dan solusi nya. Dengan harapan penelitian ini bisa memberikan Wawasan bagi para pelaku dakwah. Selain itu bermanfaat juga sebagai referensi dalam mengembangkan dakwah di lingkungan minoritas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah observasi dan wawancara. Berdasarkan metode yang digunakan telah ditemukan bahwa problem dakwah di daerah minoritas muslim Kec.Porsea Kab. Toba Samosir yaitu masalah dari subjek dakwah minimnya da’I, objek dakwah yaitu pada kegiatan ceramah agama yang tidak terlaksana baik Disebabkan warga sibuk dengan pekerjaan,  Media dakwah yaitu pada hari besar Islam terhambat kerana masalah anggaran dana sehingga menghambat pelaksanaan tepat waktu, materi dakwah yang hanya membahas Tauhid dan Fiqih dasar, masyarakat menginginkan materi menerapkan nilai Islam dalam kehidupan sehari-hari contoh menjadi petani yang Islami, metode dakwah masih ada da’I yang kurang menguasai sehingga seringnya terjadi ketidaksesuaian materi dakwah dengan metode yang digunakan.
 
Kata kunci: Problem Dakwah, Minoritas Muslim
 
Abstract
The aim of this research is to find out the problem of da'wah in Muslim minority areas, especially in Porsea, Toba Samosir Regency and the solution. It is hoped that this research can provide insight for those who do da'wah. Apart from that, it is also useful as a reference in developing da'wah in minority environments. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. Based on the method used, it was found that the Problem of Da'wah in Muslim Minority Areas, Porsea District, District. Toba Samosir, namely the problem of the subject of da'wah, the lack of da'I, the object of da'wah, namely religious lecture activities which are not carried out well, because people are busy with work, the medium of da'wah, namely on Islamic holidays, is hampered due to budget problems, which hinders timely implementation, the da'wah material is only discussing basic Tawhid and Fiqh, people want material to apply Islamic values ​​in everyday life, for example being an Islamic farmer, there are still da'Is who don't master the da'wah method, so there is often a mismatch between the da'wah material and the method used. 
Keywords: Problem of Da'wah, Muslim Minority
DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF A SEMI-AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR MAKING NOODLES
Authors: Thin Po Po ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, Mandalay, Myanmar, Win Htay Htay , Soe Aung Kyaw , Latt Aung Ko ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, Mandalay, Myanmar,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, Mandalay, Myanmar,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, Mandalay, Myanmar
Published: July 2024

As part of the research, a shaft for cutting flat noodles of 4 mm and 2 mm for a semi-automatic portable noodle-making machine was developed and tested. The main diameter of these shafts was 14 mm. The theoretical analysis observed the von Mises stress flat noodle-cutting shaft and the effective stress of the noodle-cutting shaft of 4 mm. In a numerical analysis using FEA, the von Mises stress and effective stress of the shaft were observed for cutting 4 mm flat noodles. According to the results, the maximum percentage errors between the theoretical and numerical FEA results were 13.7% and 16.8%, respectively. In the experimental part, the capacity and efficiency of the semi-automatic machine for making noodles were analyzed. The average capacity and efficiency of the 4 mm flat noodle machine was 71 kg/h, while the average capacity and efficiency of the 2 mm flat noodle machine was 73 kg/h. The research results showed that the 2 mm flat noodle machine has a higher capacity than the 4 mm flat noodle machine, but their efficiency is the same at 93%.
NEED AND JUSTIFICATION OF CRIMINAL RESPONSE TO MEDICAL ERROR
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Stanisavljević Jelena
Published: June 2024

Since their job is to protect the most important human goods - life and health, doctors often carry the epithet "gods in white". Because of this, it is considered that they cannot make a mistake in the performance of their activity. This understanding, of course, cannot be correct. Necessary for the process of learning and improvement, mistakes are an indispensable part of every human work, including medical work. Although they occur in the performance of every activity, certain errors are more serious than others in terms of their consequences, and society reacts especially negatively when it comes to mistakes that can endanger life and health. In this paper, the author analyses the need and justification of criminal law response to medical error. In the first part of the paper, the author defines medical error, shows its distribution and consequences, and then deals with the controversial issue of the criminal liability of doctors due to medical error. In the central part of the paper, the author deals with the criminal offense of negligent provision of medical assistance, analyzing the provisions of the Criminal Code of Serbia, while giving concluding remarks on this topic.
LEGAL STATUS OF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY - COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Technical Faculty ", Ljubojev Nadežda ,   Mihajlo Pupin",   Zrenjanin, Serbia, Dukić Mijatović Marijana ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Serbia
Published: June 2024

In the paper, the authors analyze the legal position of the limited liability company, primarily from the aspect of the establishment and operation of the company in comparative law. Regardless of how it is legally regulated, a limited liability company has the same basic characteristics in different national legislations. This company, which is an independent legal entity, has a basic capital and is responsible for obligations with all its assets. In contrast, the members of the company do not assume responsibility for the company's obligations. Due to its characteristics, the limited liability company is the most common legal form for the establishment of small and medium-sized enterprises in the EU. Experiences from business practice have shown that the faster procedure for registering a company and differences in the prescribed amount of the lowest founding capital required for its establishment greatly influence the choice of the member state in which the company will be established. Some legal systems prescribe the maximum number of members a limited liability company can have. Also, in some countries, establishing a limited liability company is strictly formal. In the paper, the authors particularly point out that there is a possibility of electronic incorporation in the case of a single-member company with limited liability. The methods used by the authors are comparatively legal, historical and normative.
TYPES OF RIGHTS TO SEPARATE RECOVERY IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary, Serbia, Kozar Vladimir
Published: June 2024

This paper examines the regulations of the Republic of Serbia, the stances of domestic case law, and jurisprudential perspectives regarding the enforcement of the rights to separate recovery by entitled creditors in bankruptcy and litigation proceedings. It places particular emphasis on delineating the various types of rights to separate recovery and the prerequisites for initiating a separate recovery claim against a bankruptcy debtor. After an introductory elucidation on the legal essence of the right to separate recovery and the claim derived from it, which is predominantly a proprietary claim aimed at isolating a specifically identified asset from the bankruptcy estate, the paper delves into the protection of the rights of the seller in cases involving sales with retention of ownership rights. It also explores the claim of the presumed owner (actio Publiciana). Furthermore, the analysis extended to the separate recovery claim for negative performance of an obligation based on industrial property rights or other personal rights. It was determined that the legal basis of such a separate recovery claim primarily lies in absolute rights, such as ownership of assets, which remain with the bankruptcy debtor upon the initiation of bankruptcy proceedings, or in industrial property rights (trademarks, patents). Additionally, it encompasses relative rights – obligation-based entitlements oncerning the transfer of individually identified assets over which the bankruptcy debtor lacks ownership rights. These may include rights of lessors, bailors, depositors, senders, principals, pledgers, and other creditors. It was explained that on the day of the opening of bankruptcy proceedings against a legal entity against whom a decision on temporary confiscation of assets was made in criminal proceedings, a sui generis "right to separate settlement" arises in favor of the Directorate for the Administration of Seized Assets, which has the legal nature of an obligation of the bankruptcy estate.
SEVERAL NOTES ON THE IMPORTANCE OF TAX ADVISORS: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE TWENTIETH MAY CONFERENCE ON SERVICES AND SERVICE LAW
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Bačanin Vojislav
Published: June 2024

Tax consulting could be understood as an activity that ensures a more accurate application of tax regulations. The domestic tax system still does not recognize normative limitations regarding the establishment of the circle of individuals who can provide tax consulting services. This text represents a modest attempt to, by reminding the readers of the development, different perceptions, and most prominent features of tax consulting services, once again plead for their legal regulation
VALIDITY OF THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT AS A REQUIREMENT FOR THE ARBTITRATION PROCEDINGS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Mitrevski Vladimir
Published: June 2024

Commercial subjects and their relations in the trade of goods and services lead to disputes between participants as a result of non-fulfillment of rights and obligations which derive from concluded contracts. This kind of disputes as well as inefficiency of national courts are the main reasons for finding alternative ways of fast and efficient way of solving disputes out of the national courts. Solving disputes out of the jurisdiction of the national courts derives from the will of the parties..The parties trough arbitration agreement agree to solve the dispute trough a third party in form of arbitration court. The arbitration agreement is valid if it has valid form and content Done analyzes indicate that the form of the arbitration agreement and the content of the arbitration agreement are the kind of questions that are not easy to give comprehensive and precise answer, although in the contemporary arbitration law it is widely accepted that the parties to the arbitration have freedom of consensual choice of the form and the content of the arbitration agreement. Thereto for the validity of the arbitration agreement it is needed fulfillment of particular material law terms with respect to general and special conditions which refer to the form and content of the arbitration agreement Because of that different aspects of material validity of the arbitration agreement differ in various states.
EFL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES TOWARDS WATCHING ENGLISH MOVIES IN SPEAKING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Lien Nguyen Thi Anh , Dan Thai Cong
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the awareness and practice of using English films to develop EFL students' speaking skills. The research aims to investigate the perceptions and practices of the second-year English majors at School of Foreign Languages, Can Tho University, Vietnam in using English movies to improve their speaking skills. The research used a mixed method, combining quantitative surveys with 70 students participating in answering questions and 9 students participating in qualitative interviews. The findings of this study will provide insight into how EFL students perceive the use of English films to develop their practical speaking skills, in using this resource. In addition, the research also proposes appropriate learning methods based on the results obtained to help second-year students effectively improve their speaking skills. By doing so, it is expected to contribute to improving the learning outcomes and prospects of EFL students in their study and work.
 

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EFL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES OF USING CHATGPT FOR DEVELOPING ENGLISH ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY WRITING SKILLS
Authors: Nguyen Ho Huynh Bao , Ngoc Ho Huynh Bao , Dan Thai Cong
Published: June 2024

Amidst the rising importance of English as a Lingua Franca, this study is conducted with the aims of investigating EFL students' perceptions and practices regarding the use of ChatGPT for developing English argumentative essay writing skills, thereby bridging the gap in understanding the role of AI technologies in enhancing language learning outcomes. The study focused on eight (8) aspects for developing writing skills, including (1) Vocabulary, (2) Grammar, (3) Idea generation, (4) Organization, (5) Translation, (6) Writing style, (7) Plagiarism management, (8) Mechanics of writing, for which EFL students use ChatGPT to improve their English argumentative essay writing skills during the course Reading-Writing B2.2. A ninety-two-item questionnaire was administered to investigate the perceptions and practices of using ChatGPT to develop English argumentative essay writing skills. The study sample consists of 100 students who have taken the Reading-Writing B2.2 course. The findings revealed that students had a positive attitude toward the use of ChatGPT for their enhancement of writing argumentative English essays. They found a negative correlation between the extent of perception impacts on students’ practices, meaning that when students’ perception of using ChatGPT increases, their engagement tends to reduce. Moreover, the result showed that while practices vary significantly across groups, perceptions remain relatively consistent among students. The insights from this study stand to significantly advance our understanding of the role of AI tools like ChatGPT in enhancing English argumentative essay writing skills among EFL students. By uncovering students' perceptions and practices regarding the use of ChatGPT, this research offers valuable insights for educators. With a deeper understanding of student attitudes and behaviors, teachers can tailor their teaching approaches to better support learners, fostering more effective language learning environments.
 

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EFL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES TOWARDS WATCHING ENGLISH MOVIES IN LISTENING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ngoc Phan Yen , Dan Thai Cong , Han Thai Phan Bao
Published: June 2024

This study explored the challenges associated with incorporating English movies into the development of listening skills among second-year English studies majors at a school of a university in the Mekong Delta region, South Vietnam. The target audience was 70 English studies majors who had undergone listening courses. Data collection methods included a questionnaire and interviews conducted with eight students. A questionnaire was utilized to gather quantitative data, while interviews provided qualitative insights. The study was also to identify students' difficulties in this regard, with the ultimate goal of proposing solutions to enhance the effectiveness of utilizing English movies in listening skill development strategies.
 

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LANGUAGE PREFERENCES AMONG HEARING PARENTS OF DEAF CHILDREN IN EIN MAHIL
Authors: Hamarshi Hiba
Published: June 2024

The present study focuses on the complex language situation of hearing families with deaf children in Ein Mahil, a village in northern Israel, where five distinct language varieties co-exist: Colloquial Arabic, Standard Arabic, Hebrew, Israeli Sign Language and Ein Mahil Sign Language. In this community, hearing parents must make difficult language choices for their deaf children in terms of language use in the home and at school. Data were gathered from 10 hearing parents of deaf children who did not share a fully accessible language with their children from birth. Using questionnaires, we explore language proficiency, preference, and usage as expressed by hearing parents. Findings show that deaf children in Ein Mahil are more proficient in EMSL than the dominant sign language, ISL, despite their hearing parents' preferences for ISL. That said, parents in this study indicate that each language is used for a specific purpose: Colloquial Arabic and EMSL for ideological reasons, ISL and Hebrew for instrumental reasons, and Standard Arabic for religious purposes. This study highlights the language situation faced by the minority deaf communities in Israel, particularly the importance of family and school language policies in this process.
 

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HABLANDO DE ESTRATEGIAS, ¿LOS ESTUDIANTES SABEN POR QUÉ HACEN LO QUE HACEN? / IN TERMS OF STRATEGIES, DO STUDENTS KNOW WHY THEY DO WHAT THEY DO?
Authors: Sánchez Nahum Samperio , Sarracino David Guadalupe Toledo , Espinosa Mayús Loaiza
Published: June 2024

Las estrategias juegan un papel importante en el aprendizaje de una lengua, pero estas tienen mayor efecto cuando son conscientes y son dirigidas a alcanzar objetivos. Este estudio exploratorio se propuso investigar si los estudiantes de inglés utilizan estrategias de aprendizaje con un propósito definido para lograr objetivos. Es decir, si pueden reconocer si saben por qué hacen lo que hacen en términos del aprendizaje del inglés. El estudio se llevó a cabo con 10 mujeres y 7 hombres estudiantes de inglés. El estudio siguió una metodología mixta y se recabaron datos cuantitativos a través de un cuestionario de 42 estrategias y datos cualitativos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados indicaron que los participantes del estudio hacen uso de estrategias de tres tipos: estrategias con un propósito preciso, estrategias con propósito ambiguo y estrategias con propósito impreciso.

Strategies play an important role in learning a language, but they have a greater effect when they are conscious and directed towards achieving objectives. This exploratory study will be required if English learners use purposeful learning strategies to achieve goals. That is, if they can recognize if they know why they do what they do in terms of learning English. The study was conducted with 10 female and 7 male English learners. The study followed a mixed methodology and collected quantitative data through a questionnaire of 42 strategies and qualitative data through semi-structured interviews. The results indicated that the study participants make use of three types of strategies: strategies with a precise purpose, strategies with an ambiguous purpose, and strategies with an imprecise purpose.

 

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VOCABULARY BUILDING IN EFL USING PLUTCHIK'S WHEEL OF EMOTIONS
Authors: Brkić Goran
Published: June 2024

Emotional intelligence is closely related to vocabulary expansion and other language competencies. A learner with a good command of emotional language will express themselves better, recognise and name the emotions in themselves and others, notice their nuances, react to them appropriately, and verbally articulate their attitudes and opinions. The paper explores the potential of the graphic image entitled Plutchik's Wheel of Emotions as a stimulus for vocabulary expansion, translation exercises, comparisons of meanings, and language exercises in which emotions are contextualised in a broader communication situation. Using Plutchik's Wheel of Emotions, as described in the paper, offers a multitude of possibilities in the EFL/ESL classroom, where learners can practice various skills (including basic reading and translation, pronunciation, and contextualisation), learn about synonyms, near-synonyms, and antonyms, gradation of intensity, figurative language, collocations, morphology, and visualisation. Such activities can not only enrich the learners' vocabulary and enhance their reading comprehension skills but also increase their confidence in productive language skills (speaking and writing) and make them feel more comfortable using a variety of English words to convey their thoughts, feelings, and ideas.
 

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