bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater: Acid-Digested Carbon from Waste Leather Adsorbents for Pollution Reduction from the Therapeutic Drug Mefenamic Acid
Authors: M Manigandaprasath , S Surya , Heryanto Heryanto , K Veeravelan
Published: November 2024

The environmental contamination caused by pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) is a global issue. Although the reported quantities of PPCPs are typically modest, several PPCPs with various chemical compositions have been found in soil, water, and aquatic habitats. The majority of these bacteria can survive in the environment for long periods of time, causing risks to human health, biota, and other important environmental factors. PPCP-contaminated sites have been cleaned via a variety of approaches, including bioremediation, ozonation, electrochemical separation, and physicochemical treatments such as coagulation, volatilization, sorption, and sedimentation. An extensive review of PPCP sorptive removal methods and interaction mechanisms is given in this chapter. Acid-digested carbon from waste leather can be used as a low-cost alternative to traditional scientific methods for removing pharmaceutical drug contaminants. The garbage is collected from leather-related businesses and from India's domestic waste leather industry. The adsorbent was then dried, ground into a powder, sieved, and cleaned until the particle size reached 63 µm. The adsorbent was introduced to HCl in a 0.1 M solution for 24 hours. Afterward, the mixture was filtered, cleaned with double distilled water, and dried once more. It is important to consider several factors, such as temperature, concentration, pH, contact time, amount, and size. This method can reduce the cost of treating wastewater as well as the harm it causes to the environment.
Causal effects of dietary antioxidant vitamin intake and oxidative stress on the risk of pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension: a mendelian randomization study.
Authors: Ji Xiang , Xi Qian , Liu Huaman , Dong Yao
Published: November 2024

Background:
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the progression of pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension. The body's own antioxidant system (including GST, CAT, GPX, SOD) and dietary intake of antioxidants such as vitamin A (retinol), carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E have been proven to counter oxidative stress-related damage. However, no comprehensive studies have explored the correlation between these factors and the risk of pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension. [5] [5]
Methods:
Instrumental variables (IVs) for the four mentioned antioxidants were obtained from the largest GWAS dataset based on UK Biobank data, followed by a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. IVs, F-statistics, Cochran’s Q tests, and sensitivity analysis were used to examine the causal relationship between dietary antioxidant vitamin intake, oxidative stress, and pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension. Cochran’s Q statistics were used to quantify the heterogeneity of the instrumental variable estimates. [7] [7]
Results:
The IVW method indicated an approximate 5.0% decreased risk of gestational hypertension per standard deviation (SD) increase in SOD (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.90-1.00, p = 0.048). For other oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant vitamins, no significant causal effects on gestational hypertension were observed (Retinol: 0.79 (0.56–1.11), p = 0.18; Carotene: 1.03 (0.78–1.36), p = 0.81; Vitamin C: 0.79 (0.57–1.10), p = 0.16; Vitamin E: 1.16 (0.86–1.56), p = 0.32; GST: 1.00 (0.96–1.05), p = 0.93; CAT: 1.00 (0.96–1.05), p = 0.88; GPX: 1.01 (0.96–1.06), p = 0.74). Similar results were found for pre-eclampsia. [9] [9]
Conclusion:
This study suggests that SOD is closely related to the progression of pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension. However, vitamin supplements A, C, E, and carotenoids did not show significant improvement in gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia. [11] [11]
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals the contribution of neoVTX genes to venom diversity of Synanceia verrucosa
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Li Qian , Li Hao , Wei Shichao , Yu Wen , Peng Zhaojie , Fuwen Wei , Zhou Wenliang
Published: November 2024

Background
Animal venom systems have been considered as valuable model for investigating molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic evolution. The stonefish were reported as the most venomous and dangerous fish due to sever human envenomation and occasionally fatality, whereas the genomic background of their venom remained under investigated and poorly explored compared with other venomous animals.
Results
In this study, we followed modern venomic pipelines to decode the Synanceia verrucosa venom components. A catalog of 478 toxin genes were annotated based on our assembled chromosome-level genome. Integrative analysis of the high-quality genome, transcriptome of venom gland and proteome of crude venom revealed a mechanism underlined the venom complexity in S. verrucosa. Six tandem-duplicated neoVTX subunit genes were evidenced as the major source for the neoVTX protein production. Further isoform sequencing enabled us to uncover massive alternative splicing events with a total of 411 isoforms demonstrated by the six genes, further contributing to the venom diversity. We then characterized 12 dominantly expressed toxin genes in the venom gland, and 11 of them were evidenced to produce the venom protein components, with the neoVTX proteins as the most abundant for granted. Other major venom proteins included a presumed CRVP, Kuntiz-type serine protease inhibitor, calglandulin protein, and hyaluronidase. Besides, a few of highly abundant non-toxin proteins were also characterized and they were hypothesized to imply housekeeping or hemostasis maintaining roles in the venom gland. Notably, a gastrotropin like non-toxin proteins ranked as the second highest abundant proteins in the venom, which had never been reported in other venomous animals, contributing to the unique venom property of S. verrucosa.
Conclusions
The results decoded the major venom composition of S. verrucosa, and highlighted the contribution of neoVTX genes to venom composition diversity by demonstrating tandem-duplication and alternative splicing. The diverse neoVTX proteins in the venom as lethal particles are hypothesized to be pivotal to understand adaptive evolution of S. verrucosa. Further functional studies are encouraged to exploit venom components of S. verrucosa for pharmaceutical innovation.
Breaking the silence: How male and female bystanders influence victims of gender prejudice
Authors: Liao Zongqing , Yang Wanting , Duan Yuanni
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the specific psychological mechanisms of female victims coping with gender bias in bystander intervention (Study 1) and bystander neglect (Study 2), as well as the influence of bystander gender.
Methodology:
Two experiments recruited 208 participants who, after watching a first-person video of their experience of gender prejudice, filled out questionnaires measuring emotions, feelings of power, evaluation of the perpetrator and willingness to confront. A moderated mediation model was set up, and the bootstrapping method were applied.
Findings:
We found that the victim's feeling of power significantly mediated the relationship between anger and confrontation intention in bystander intervention. The victim's negative evaluation of the perpetrator significantly mediated between anger and confrontation intention in bystander neglect. Notably, both mediation models could be constructed only when the bystander was male rather than female.
Implications:
This study has important implications for gender bias. The results reveal the psychological mechanism of victims coping with gender bias, and call for groups of all genders to join in the anti-gender bias alliance.
Discovery of the potential biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy via integrating metabolomics and transcriptomics
Authors: Liu Shuang , Liu Jinmeng , Hui Peng , Teng Siying , Sun Yabin
Published: November 2024

Background
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major ocular complication of diabetes mellitus, and is a problem with significant global health impact. Epidemiologic projections show that the global burden of DR is not only increasing, but also shifting from high-income countries towards middle- and low-income areas. The identification of potential intervention targets for diabetic retinopathy is an important goal.
Methods
In this study, we collected vitreous fluid samples from the DR patients, analyzed the samples using LC-MS approach, and identified the differential metabolites through metabolomic analysis. Then, the differentially expressed genes were identified through the systematic transcriptomic analysis of DR-related dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), followed by network profiling of metabolic-reaction-enzyme-gene.
Results
In this experiment, a total of 79 differential metabolites and 23 hub genes were discovered, of which 6 different metabolites and 3 hub genes were further evaluated as more potential biomarkers based on network analysis. According to the KEGG enrichment analysis, the potential biomarkers and gene-encoded proteins were found to be involved in the arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and HIF-1 signaling pathway metabolism which was of significance for the diagnosis and treatment of DR. In particular, the combination of metabolites (Fumaric acid, Oxoglutaric acid, Proline, Farnesyl pyrophosphate) as well as the combination of HMOX1, NOS3, GPT exerted more accurate discrimination abilities between DR and non-DR groups, providing new ideas and basis for understanding disease progression and targeted therapy of DR.
Conclusion
By integrating metabolomics and transcriptomics, this study identified 6 different metabolites and 3 hub genes, whuich could provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of DR and could be used as novel targets for the therapy of DR.
Exploring the lived experiences of maternal healthcare providers who contracted COVID-19: A descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Bam Victoria , Amponsah Abigail Kusi , Kyei-Dompim Joana , Lomotey Alberta Yemotsoo , Adjei Rose Odotei , Wilson Dorothy
Published: November 2024

Maternal healthcare providers are key stakeholders in safeguarding maternal and newborn health. This study employed a descriptive phenomenological design to explore the experiences of maternal healthcare providers who contracted the novel coronavirus disease, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Ghana. A purposive sample of seven maternal healthcare providers from a quasi-government hospital were engaged in face-to-face interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using inductive thematic analysis. The results showed that participants experienced shock and grief related to the diagnosis of COVID-19; stigmatization and neglect by family members and colleagues; and psychological distress due to uncertainties about disease outcome, fear of dying and infecting others. In addition, they experienced physical symptoms such as anosmia, chest pain, dyspnoea, and headache. Nevertheless, they shared positive experiences including the opportunity to spend time with family; receiving support from family, colleagues, and superiors; and good treatment at isolation centres. Finally, the results highlighted how participants managed COVID-19 using both conventional drugs and traditional treatments; preventive measures used, and recommendations for dealing with COVID-19. In conclusion, tailored and continuous psychosocial support for maternal healthcare providers is required to maintain their psychological well-being during future outbreaks. Based on the study findings, it is recommended that healthcare institutions prioritize the mental well-being of maternal healthcare providers during pandemics by providing accessible and culturally sensitive psychological support services. Furthermore, public health campaigns should focus on reducing the stigma associated with COVID-19 and promoting empathy and understanding towards healthcare workers.
Target detection in underground mines based on low-light image enhancement
Authors: Zhan Shanning , Li Shoubiao , Guo Haodong , Li Jiangtao , Wu Zhifei
Published: November 2024

The working environment in underground mines is complex, with extreme conditions such as dim lighting, high dust levels, and high humidity, leading to difficulties in feature extraction, low detection and positioning accuracy when existing target detection algorithms are applied underground. Therefore, a target detection algorithm based on low-light image enhancement is proposed. Firstly, the LIENet image enhancement algorithm is introduced to enhance the quality and brightness of low-light images, designing a dual gamma enhancement curve to adjust image pixels, achieving adaptive brightness adjustment through a few iterations under the guidance of a non-reference loss function. Secondly, a hierarchical feature extraction method HFE is proposed, with a dual-branch structure designed to capture long-term correlations and local correlations of input images separately, increasing attention to the corner regions crucial for the detection task. Finally, the HFE method is combined with a feature pyramid structure, able to effectively obtain comprehensive feature representation information through a top-down global feature adjustment method. The proposed method is validated on a self-built dataset, and compared with other excellent detection algorithms, the average detection accuracy of the proposed algorithm reaches the highest. The mAP@0.5 reaches 96.96%, and mAP@0.5:0.95 reaches 71.1%, demonstrating the excellent detection performance of the proposed algorithm under low-light conditions in mines.
ePortfolios: A 360-Degree Approach to Assessment in Teacher Education
Authors: Puleng Modise Mphoentle , Vaughan Norm
Published: November 2024

ePortfolios are increasingly being used for teaching, assessing, and supporting students’ learning in higher education. With COVID-19 having forced many higher education institutions to move their education services and teaching to online spaces, ePortfolios have become more relevant in the assessment process as they are web-based. This self-study examines how ePortfolios are being used to support assessment practices in a South African and a Canadian teacher education program. Data comprised critical dialogue, notes, reflections, and conversations with students enrolled in both teacher education programs. Findings suggest that students use ePortfolios to integrate self, peer, and teacher/ expert feedback, which results in a 360-degree approach to assessment.
Emerging therapeutic benefit of platelet-rich fibrin as novel platelet concentrates in tissue engineering
Authors: Suryawan I Gde Rurus , Andrianto  , Agita Arisya , Ratri Anudya Kartika , Nugraha Ricardo Adrian
Published: November 2024

Background: Treating irreversible cardiomyocyte loss following myocardial infarction presents several therapeutic challenges. While cell therapy shows promise as a regenerative treatment for infarcted cardiac tissue, different cell sources vary in their therapeutic potential. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as an attractive option due to their accessibility, but their limited differentiation capacity remains a significant constraint. Recent evidence suggests that injectable platelet-rich fibrin may enhance this process by stimulating the differentiation of ADSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells.
Objective: Analyse the benefit of injectable platelet-rich fibrin to accelerate the differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells.

Methods: This study is a true experimental randomized post-test design study. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adipose tissue and expanded in culture through four passages. The characteristics of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were measured by the expression of CD 34-, CD 45-, and CD 105+ using flowcytometry. The samples were divided into 3 groups, i.e. negative control (α-MEM), positive control (differentiation medium) and treatment group (platelet-rich fibrin). The assessment of GATA-4 marker expression was conducted using flowcytometry on the fifth day and troponin was conducted using immunocytochemistry on the tenth day to determine the differentiation to cardiomyocyte. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-tests and one-way ANOVA for data that demonstrated normal distribution as verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test.
Results: Flowcytometry on GATA-4 expression revealed significant difference on addition of platelet-rich fibrin compared with negative and positive controls (68.20 ± 6.82 vs 58.15 ± 1.23; p<0.05; 68.20 ± 6.82 vs 52.96 ± 2.02; p<0.05). This was supported by the results of immunocytochemistry on troponin expression which revealed significant difference between platelet-rich fibrin group compared with negative and positive controls (50.66 ± 7.2 vs 10.73 ± 2.39; p<0.05; 50.66 ± 7.2 vs 26.00 ± 0.4; p<0.05).

Conclusion: Injectable platelet-rich fibrin accelerates differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells.
effect of product quality on coal purchase interest through sales-based non-KAI logistics at PT Bukit Asam, TBK
Authors: Haryadi Rendra , Widiyanti Marlina , Shihab Muchsin Saggaf , Maulana Ahmad
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of product quality on coal purchase interest through a non-KAI logistics-based sales system at PT Bukit Asam, Tbk. As one of the largest coal producers in Indonesia, PT Bukit Asam, Tbk faces the challenge of meeting growing demand while maintaining competitiveness and customer satisfaction. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey of 150 potential customers. The sampling technique used was purposive random sampling. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to test the effect of product quality on purchase intention. The results showed that product quality positively and significantly influences coal purchase intention through non-KAI logistics-based sales. The findings support PT Bukit Asam, Tbk's efforts in improving service quality and expanding distribution with a more flexible logistics system to increase consumer appeal.
effect of service quality and coal price perceptions on customer satisfaction at PT Bukit Asam, TBK
Authors: Rahman Beno , Widiyanti Marlina , Shihab Muchsin Saggaf , Rosa Aslamia
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyse the effect of service quality and price perception on customer satisfaction of PT Bukit Asam Tbk. As one of the largest coal mining companies in Indonesia, customer satisfaction is a critical aspect to maintain market share in the midst of intense competition. The research was conducted using quantitative methods using questionnaires to customers in several operational units. The sample used in this study was 100 respondents with purposive sampling method. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that service quality and perceived coal prices have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. These findings indicate the importance of improving services and adjusting prices in accordance with customer expectations to maximise customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Evaluating the Safety and Usability of an Over-the-Counter Medical Device for Adults With Mild to Moderate Hearing Loss: Formative and Summative Usability Testing
Authors: Salwei Megan Elizabeth , Anders Shilo , Reale Carrie , Slagle Jason M , Ricketts Todd , Weinger Matthew B
Published: November 2024

Background

Only 15% of the nearly 30 million Americans with hearing loss use hearing aids, partly due to high cost, stigma, and limited access to professional hearing care. Hearing impairment in adults can lead to social isolation and depression and is associated with an increased risk of falls. Given the persistent barriers to hearing aid use, the Food and Drug Administration issued a final rule to allow over-the-counter hearing aids to be sold directly to adult consumers with perceived mild to moderate hearing loss at pharmacies, stores, and online retailers without seeing a physician or licensed hearing health care professional.

Objective

We evaluated the safety and usability of an over-the-counter hearing aid prior to Food and Drug Administration approval and market release.

Methods

We first conducted a formative usability test of the device and associated app with 5 intended users to identify outstanding safety and usability issues (testing round 1). Following design modifications, we performed a summative usability test with 15 intended users of the device (testing round 2). We concurrently conducted a test with 21 nonintended users (ie, users with contraindications to use) to ascertain if consumers could determine when they should not use the device, based on the packaging, instructions, and labeling (testing round 3). Participants were asked to complete 2‐5 tasks, as if they were using the hearing aid in real life. After each task, participants rated the task difficulty. At the end of each session, participants completed a 10-question knowledge assessment and the System Usability Scale and then participated in debriefing interviews to gather qualitative feedback. All sessions were video recorded and analyzed to identify use errors and design improvement opportunities.

Results

Usability issues were identified in all 3 usability testing rounds. There were minimal safety-related issues with the device. Round 1 testing led to several design modifications which then increased task success in round 2 testing. Participants had the most difficulty with the task of pairing the hearing aids to the cell phone. Participants also had difficulty distinguishing the right and left earbuds. Nonintended users did not always understand device contraindications (eg, tinnitus and severe hearing loss). Overall, test findings informed 9 actionable design modifications (eg, clarifying pairing steps and increasing font size) that improved device usability and safety.

Conclusions

This study evaluated the usability and safety of an over-the-counter hearing aid for adults with mild to moderate hearing loss. Human factors engineering methods identified opportunities to improve the safety and usability of this direct-to-consumer medical device for individuals with perceived mild-moderate hearing loss.
Is hyperventilation a common iatrogenic problem in the neonatal intensive care unit?
Authors: Bayoumi El Sebaie Dahlia , Alsharany Abuelhamd Walaa , Mohamed Abdelmomen Ahmed , Fawzy Kamal Amir
Published: November 2024

Background. Mechanical ventilation is a critical intervention in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), but it has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity, particularly through complications like hyperoxemia and hypocapnia. This study aims to identify the incidence of these conditions in ventilated neonates and correlate them with ventilator parameters and related complications. Materials and methods. This observational study was conducted on 100 neonates who were mechanically ventilated in the NICU of Abo-Rish El Monira Hospital, Cairo University, between March and September 2019. Participants were selected based on their requirement for mechanical ventilation during NICU admission. Data collection included perinatal history, ventilator parameters, and arterial blood gas results. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson correlation, independent t-tests, and logistic regression analysis. Results. The incidence of hypocapnia was 82 %, while 77 % of neonates experienced arterial hyperoxemia. Hypocapnia was more frequent with prolonged mechanical ventilation, showing a significant positive correlation with the incidence (P < 0.001). Hyperoxemia was significantly associated with lower gestational age and birth weight (P = 0.002 and P = 0.005, respectively). There were no significant correlations of other ventilator parameters, including positive end-expiratory pressure and peak inspiratory pressure, with either hypocapnia or hyperoxemia (P > 0.05). Mortality rates were higher among neonates with hypocapnia (67.1 %) and hyperoxemia (65 %). Conclusions. Hyperoxemia and hypocapnia are common complications of mechanical ventilation in the NICU settings, with hypocapnia showing a higher incidence. Both conditions are associated with increased mortality, particularly among neonates with lower gestational age and birth weight. Managing ventilator settings and monitoring blood gases are critical in reducing these complications.
Issues of orphan diseases of the nervous system in children during wartime
Authors: Tsymbaliuk V.I. , Antypkin Y.G. , Kyrylova L.G. , Miroshnykov О.О.
Published: November 2024

Background. The increasing number of orphan (rare) diseases, most of which have a prevalence of less than 1 : 1,000,000, poses a serious challenge for modern medicine. In most cases, diagnosis is delayed leading to irreversible changes in the body. The Department of Psychoneurology at the State Institution “Ukrainian Center of Maternity and Childhood of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” has been involved in diagnosing and treating orphan diseases in children since 2012, with 80 % of cases accompanied by nervous system involvement. The purpose was to conduct a retrospective analysis of medical records of patients treated at the Department of Psychoneurology for Children with Perinatal Pathology and Orphan Diseases during the war in Ukraine. Materials and methods. During the full-scale invasion, 42 children with orphan diseases were hospitalized to the department. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of these inpatients was conducted to identify the specifics of diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment. Results. In 90 % of cases, orphan diseases presented with clinical masks of neurological pathologies, complicating early diagnosis. The highest percentage of diagnoses (38 %) occurred in children aged 1 to 5 years. Male children were more susceptible to orphan diseases (ratio 1 : 2). An important aspect of care was treatment: 21 % of children were referred to the department for developing treatment strategies by a multidisciplinary team. Conclusions. Despite the challenges, the Department of Psychoneurology at the State Institution “Ukrainian Center of Maternity and Childhood of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” continues to successfully combat orphan diseases in children. Although the goal is to diagnose these diseases within the first year of life, it remains a challenge for the global medical community. The department also implements effective targeted treatment regimens through a multidisciplinary approach.
Topical issues of etiology, consequences, and treatment of secondary lactase deficiency in children: literature review and results of our research
Authors: Marushko Yu.V. , Dmytryshyn O.A. , Bovkun O.A. , Iovitsa T.V. , Dmytryshyn В.Ya.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the review and synthesis of mo­dern data of scientific publications from the Scopus, Web of Science databases, and the register of professional scientific publications of Ukraine on the causes, consequences, and methods of correcting secondary lactase deficiency in children. The features of secondary lactase deficiency in antibiotic therapy and other pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract that develop with the use of antibacterial drugs are described. The authors present their own data on the treatment of secondary lactase deficiency caused by antibiotic therapy in school-age children. It has been found that the use of the lactase enzyme in children with secon­dary lactase deficiency, which has developed on the background of antibiotic therapy, leads to positive dynamics of clinical manifestations already on the third day of taking the drug, and it is a more effective method of correcting these symptoms compared to only dietary recommendations and limited consumption of lactose products. The criteria proposed for prescribing a hydrogen breath test to diagnose secondary lactase deficiency developed on the background of antibiotics are as follows: the presence of clinical manifestations (diarrhea, abdominal pain, excessive gas, bloating, nausea, vomiting) that occurred during antibiotic therapy and are aggravated by the use of lactose-containing products; repeated courses of antibacterial drugs (every 3–4 months) according to the anamnesis; changes in the results of the coprogram (yellow, mushy, foamy feces with an acidic odor, the presence of mucus, fecal pH less than 5.5, a small amount of iodophilic flora); no signs of inflammatory bowel disease according to the results of the coprogram (blood, leukocytes); negative results of rapid tests for the detection of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in the feces. The use of these criteria to diagnose secondary lactase deficiency associated with antibiotics will improve the frequency of its detection and the reasonable prescription of lactase drugs to reduce the severity of clinical manifestations of lactase deficiency and restore the functional state of the gastrointestinal tract more quickly.
A Theoretical Study of the Impact of ESG Performance on the Cost of Corporate Debt Financing
Authors: Yang Li
Published: November 2024

With the increasing global attention to environmental protection, social responsibility and corporate governance (ESG) issues, the ESG performance of enterprises has become an important indicator for creditors to assess their non-financial performance. This paper analyzes the development status quo of ESG ratings in China and the situation of corporate debt financing, combines information asymmetry theory, principal-agent theory, contract theory and other in-depth discussion of the impact of corporate ESG performance on its debt financing costs, so as to put forward targeted recommendations to further enhance the attention of China's listed enterprises to ESG ratings, as well as to reduce the cost of corporate debt financing measures put forward to lay a more solid theoretical foundation, to help enterprises better achieve high-quality and high quality of corporate governance. It lays a more solid theoretical foundation for further improving China's listed enterprises' attention to ESG ratings and proposing measures to reduce the cost of corporate debt financing, and helps enterprises better realize high quality and sustainable development.
Survey on Fake Review Detection System
Authors: Deokute Suchitra , Gaikwad Vaishnavi , Tejani Alina , Mhetre Anuja
Published: November 2024

Abstract: In today's business landscape, online reviews play a crucial role in shaping commerce. A large portion of purchase decisions for online products is driven by customer feedback. Consequently, some individuals or groups try to manipulate product reviews to their advantage. Fake online reviews have a considerable effect on the experiences of online consumers, sellers, and e-commerce platforms. Although there has been academic research focused on identifying fake reviews, there is still a need for studies that thoroughly examine and summarize their origins and impacts. This work introduces a combination of semi-supervised and supervised text mining models to detect fake reviews, comparing their performance using datasets from reviews.
Food Detection and Nutrition Analysis by Image
Authors: Kokare Sneha
Published: November 2024

This assignment pursuits to create an internet utility for food popularity that provides nutritional information to assist customers make better nutritional alternatives. The application will allow customers to browse food items, use picture popularity to identify meals, and access certain nutritional content which includes energy, protein, fat, and other crucial nutrients for every dish. The device will use a superior machine gaining knowledge of models like YOLOv8m to understand numerous meals, that specialize in Indian delicacies, and retrieve nutritional records from databases which include USDA and Edamam. this could offer a continuing experience for fitness-aware individuals and food fanatics targeted on their health and health. The system structure is designed for scalability and actual-time software, with a web-based totally interface allowing customers to add meal snap shots and obtain on-the-spot dietary analysis
Optimizing Swim Pose Estimation and Performance Analysis Using AI and Predictive Analytics
Authors: Zende Amrita Ajit
Published: November 2024

Swim position estimation and performance analysis are critical for improving training outcomes and minimizing injury rates among swimmers of all skill levels. Traditional approaches rely heavily on manual video processing, which is timeconsuming and prone to human error, as well as biomechanical evaluations. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and predictive analytics have created new prospects for automating and improving these operations. The goal of this project is to create an artificial intelligence-powered swim position evaluation system that utilizes machine learning and computer vision techniques. The device monitors swimmers' activities in real time and gives exact feedback on technique, posture, and stroke efficiency. Predictive analytics improves this technique by predicting future trends and potential areas for development based on performance indicators and historical data. To provide precise, non-invasive human movement tracking in water, the proposed system employs biomechanical studies, deep learning models, and 3D pose estimation techniques
Image Deblurring Using Non Linear Activation Free Network
Authors: Nalawade Prof. S. S. , Shivgan Rupesh D. , Godkar Prajakta A. , Prabhu Bhakti R.
Published: November 2024

Abstract: While picture restoration has made significantstrides in recent years, the sophisticated techniques employed are becoming more intricate. This makes a proper comparison difficult. In this research, we propose a straightforward approachthat outperforms these intricate ones in terms of accuracy while requiring less computational resources. We discovered that complex activation functions such as GELU, Softmax, ReLU, andSigmoid are not really needed. Therefore, we developed a more basic version that does not need them, which we call NAFNet.We put our approach to the test on challenging tasks such as noise reduction and image correction. It performed much better, far better than the sophisticated techniques, and used a lot less processing power.
THE SOVIET HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE SOLDIER UNREST IN THE FIRST PERIOD OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University (Russia), Blumenau S.F.
Published: November 2024

The issue of discontent among the rank and file and non-commissioned officers of the French Army in the first period of the Revolution and the unrest caused by it in 17891791 has been relatively rarely mentioned in historical works since1917. Soviet historiography usually turned to the traditional forces of social protest in 18th century France: to the movements of the most massive part of the society - the peasantry – and to the socio-politically active urban plebeians. The army, which was under the control of mainly conservative and often downright reactionary generals and officers, was seen more as an agent of suppressing popular uprisings than as a weapon in the fight against outdated orders. Yet, the question of soldier unrest during this period and especially the Nancy Mutiny in 1790 was explored in the Soviet period. Nevertheless, around these events many mythologies arose and they have not been dispelled to this day. A glance at the Soviethis historiography of this issue should be the first step towards a special and in-depth study of the soldier riots in France in the initial period of the Revolution.
Increasing Children's Interest in Learning the Qur'an Using the Muyassar Method in Conjunction with the English Language
Authors: Rochmat Cecep Sobar , Huwaida Jaziela , Az Zahra Farah , Lifdhita Salsabilla , Maulaya Rosendah Dwi
Published: November 2024

The interest in learning the Qur'an has started to rise amidst the current era of moral degradation among children and adolescents. Effective Qur'an learning must be adapted to existing conditions. To address the dual global challenges of increasing interest in Qur'an learning and English language education, an integrated method is required. This paper aims to provide an understanding of the importance of Qur'an and English language education using the Al-Muyassar Qur'an learning method. This research employs a literature review method. The results of the study indicate that teaching the Qur'an to young children using the Muyassar method is highly accurate and effective, allowing children to fluently and rhythmically recite the Qur'an from an early age. With the Muyassar method, a teacher is required to extend the time for Qur'an revision (muraja'ah) to strengthen the child's memory retention. While this integrated learning method offers various advantages, it also comes with certain drawbacks. Therefore, further research on this integrated method is necessary.
The Tradition of Kundangan in the Last Ten Days of Ramadan: A Study of Living Hadith in Dasin Tuban Village through the Lens of Karl Mannheim's Sociology of Knowledge.
Authors: Fuaddin Achmad , Hadi Ahmad Nurul
Published: November 2024

The tradition of Kundangan or Kenduri is one of the Indonesian Muslim practices that some groups consider Bid'ah (innovation) because it is not directly based on the Hadith of the Prophet. Research on Kenduri is generally divided into two categories: studies that assess the legality of Kenduri based on Islamic values and studies that examine the values embedded within the practice. However, research on the community's reception and the essence of Kundangan in the context of Living Hadith remains limited. This study focuses on the examination of Living Hadith related to Kundangan during the last ten days of Ramadan as practiced by the community of Dasin Village, Tambakboyo Subdistrict, Tuban Regency, using Karl Mannheim's sociology of knowledge approach. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach to understand this phenomenon holistically. The findings indicate that the objective meaning of the Kundangan tradition during the last ten days of Ramadan is a heritage from ancestors that involves rituals, such as reading the Qur'an, praying, and giving food parcels to guests. The expressive meanings of the Kundangan tradition vary, including views of it as ancestral heritage, the belief that ancestral spirits are present in the home and should be sent the rewards of charity, anticipation of the Night of Qadr, and efforts to maintain social relationships. The documentary meaning of the Kundangan tradition reflects an acculturation between Javanese cultural beliefs and the values of Hadith. These findings show that the Kundangan tradition is a method used by Kiai (Islamic scholars) to implement Hadith values, blending them with the local culture.
Political PR in International Digital Communications: The Experience of the Eurasian Media Space
Authors: Kolobova E. Yu.
Published: November 2024

Digital media has become an integral part of the political life of citizens, as an increasing number of people around the world use digital media technologies for communication. Digital media contribute to the formation of socio-political factors that raise concerns about the spread of disinformation, information disagreements and political polarization.

Aim. To analyze the tools, problems and opportunities of political PR in the context of digitalization of the media space in foreign countries and the EAEU countries.

Tasks. To give significant ideas about the concepts of “political public relations” and “political communication”; to identify factors influencing political communication processes; to present international experience in the application of political PR in the context of digitalization of media; to formulate the possibilities for the development of Eurasian integration in the context of digitalization of the media space.

Methods. The methodological basis of the scientific research was such modern general scientific research methods as: comparative analysis, statistical and structural-logical methods, content analysis of open sources of information.

Results. The paper defines the role and importance of digital media in political PR activities, identifies traditional and modern factors of influence on political activity, as well as problems in the new digital reality. To build political communications with the audience, its impact and increase engagement, political organizations use new media technologies using multimodality. In practice, the digital inequality of the world population deprives a number of people of digital communication, and as a result, the necessary conditions for participation in the political and economic life of the country. The digital divide of the EAEU countries reduces the political communicative impact on citizens’ beliefs in the need to strengthen integration processes. It seems appropriate to introduce consistency in the formation of the Eurasian integration agenda and a single digital information field to increase the political culture of civic engagement in all EAEU member states.

Conclusions. With the help of variation of resources, the necessary content is formed to create the necessary audience effect. Indeed, digital media has a number of advantages that have been proven in practice, however, political PR is influenced by the negative side of the development of digital communications — the spread of fake news, most of which cannot be traced to the source. Therefore, the transformation of digital opportunities, the distribution of political resources, the dissemination of political discourse and the structure of political opportunities in the digital age is the most relevant in the modern world. Using the example of the EAEU countries, it is proved that digitalization in the international media space causes the involvement of citizens of different countries in integration, generalization and formation of public support for the state.
EAEU Role in the Evolution of Multipolar Structure in World Politics
Authors: Toropygin A. V. , Iroshkina T. V.
Published: November 2024

The global political system is undergoing a transition from a unipolar to a multipolar world. Scientific discussions are underway regarding the emergence or formation of new poles in the world, including the potential development of a pole through the integration structure of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Attention is focused on the changing conditions of the global economy and their influence on the development strategies of regional integration associations. The necessity to adapt the development strategies of the EAEU to new trends, including the shift in the economic paradigm and the reassessment of the role of integration process participants, is argued.

Aim. To justify strategies and approaches to building an economic pole based on the EAEU.

Tasks. Examining various theoretical approaches to the concept of multipolarity, poles, and centers of power. Investigating interpretations of global and regional leadership. Analyzing the concept of regional leadership considering the role of the EAEU as an important element of the new world political and global economic system.

Methods. Comparative analysis of vectors and development strategies of regional integration associations. The civilizational approach illuminates not only the key economic and political aspects of regional leadership but also the cultural and civilizational factors of regional integration. The deductive method and synthesis allowed for the formulation of new approaches to understanding the economic component of the EAEU pole.

Results. It has been established that one of the possible and most effective ways to form the economic component of the EAEU pole is to consider the formation of a new technological paradigm in the Union’s development strategy amidst the transformation and transition to a new economic paradigm.

Conclusions. Framing the EAEU as an independent pole, based on the concept of changing economic paradigms, implies a rethinking or establishment of institutions based on principles of non-discrimination, mutual respect for sovereignty and national interests, as well as the establishment of mutually beneficial relations with other states. Such an approach to pole-building is a key step in transitioning to the sixth technological paradigm.
Foreign Policy of the Union State: Latin-Caribbean Direction of the Russia-Belarus Integration
Authors: Chmyreva V. A.
Published: November 2024

The research is aimed at studying the Union State foreign policy in the Latin-Caribbean direction in new geopolitical conditions and its role in the emerging architecture of world economy and geopolitics. The mechanism for implementing the Union State foreign policy has been determined. It is shown that the external contour of the Russia-Belarus integration is not the sum of foreign policies, but is being implemented within the framework of their legal framework: pursuing a coordinated foreign policy, the parties maintain a flexible approach and are not limited by the framework of the foreign policy institutions of the Union. The author presents basic areas of project cooperation between Russia, Belarus and the states of the Latin-Caribbean region establishing priorities of cooperation.

Aim. To appraise the significance and potential of Latin-Caribbean direction in the Union State foreign policy in the current conditions of economic turbulence and geopolitical escalation.

Tasks. To identify the main areas of cooperation, to analyze current trends and influencing factors, and to determine the prospects for interaction.

Methods. A combination of general scientific theoretical and special methods is used. The method of comparative analysis and the logical method are of prime importance. When working with regulatory and legislative sources, the normative method is used.

Results. The potential of cooperation between the Union State and the countries of Latin-Caribbean America has not been fully realized, however, an accelerated diversification of partnership between the countries is being practiced as well as an expansion of areas of interaction based on economic feasibility and political motivation.

Conclusions. Under current conditions of global political and economic turbulence, the Latin-Caribbean direction of the Union’s foreign policy is an important part in building effective international cooperation and developing new trans-regional logistics routes.