ANALISIS KERAJINAN SOUVENIR DIORAMA BERBAHAN LIMBAH PADA PENGRAJIN DIKRAF BERDASARKAN PRINSIP-PRINSIP DESAIN
Authors: Saragih Lisa Andriani , Zulkifli Zulkifli 
Published: July 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan prinsip-prinsip desain yang terdapat pada karya kerajinan souvenir diorama berbahan limbah pada pengrajin Dikraf. Metode  pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Jumlah populasi penelitian 70 karya keseluruhan yang ada pada pengrajin Dikraf. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian adalah purposive sampling, yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel sumber data dengan pertimbangan tertentu sebanyak 10 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prinsip-prinsip desain yaitu prinsip kesatuan, keseimbangan, irama, penekanan, dan proporsi berdasarkan hasil nilai rata-rata yang telah dinilai oleh 3 tim penilai secara keseluruhan pada karya kerajinan souvenir diorama berbahan limbah sudah diterapkan dengan baik. Penerapan prinsip kesatuan memperoleh nilai baik dengan presentase 80%, cukup baik 10%, dan kurang baik 10%. Penerapan prinsip keseimbangan memperoleh nilai amat baik dengan presentase 10%, baik 60%, dan cukup baik 30%. Penerapan prinsip irama memperoleh nilai baik dengan presentase 50%, cukup baik 40%, dan kurang baik 10%. Penerapan prinsip penekanan memperoleh nilai baik dengan presentase 90%, dan cukup baik 10%. Penerapan prinsip proporsi memperoleh nilai baik dengan presentase 90% dan cukup baik 10%. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa kesatuan secara keseluruhan baik karena tiap elemennya dikomposisikan dengan baik dan warna pada tiap objeknya terlihat harmonis. Keseimbangan secara keseluruhan baik karna adanya pengaruh arah pandang boneka dan penempatan tiap elemenya terlihat seimbang dan dapat dirasakan melalui kepekaan estetis. Irama secara keseluruhan cukup baik karena tidak memiliki banyak elemen yang disusun rapi dan berulang-ulang. Penekanan secara keseluruhan baik karena adanya kontras warna dan bentuk yang menonjol pada karya. Proporsi secara keseluruhan baik karena pada boneka memiliki bentuk tubuh dan ukuran yang unik. Potensi pengembangan pada prinsip kesatuan dan irama dilakukan dengan cara menambah jumlah elemen pendukung pada setiap karya. Pada prinsip keseimbangan dan proporsi dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan ukuran dan bentuk serta banyaknya elemen pendukung pada karya yang digunakan. Pada prinsip penekaan dilakukan dengan pemilihn bentuk, ukuran serta warna yang menonjol atauapun kontras dari elemen lainnya.Kata Kunci: kerajinan, souvenir diorama, prinsip desain. AbstractThis study a This study aims to describe the design principles contained in souvenir craft diorama made from waste from Dikraf craftsmen. Data collection methods of this study are observation, interviews and documentation. The number of research population is 70 overall works in Dikraf craftsmen. The sampling technique of the study was purposive sampling, which is the sampling technique of data sources with certain considerations as many as 10 samples. The results showed that the application of design principles namely the principle of unity, balance, rhythm, emphasis, and proportion based on the results of the average value that had been assessed by the 3 assessment teams as a whole in the craft of souvenirs diorama made from waste has been applied well. The application of the principle of unity is to get good grades with a percentage of 80%, good enough at 10%, and less than 10%. The application of the principle of equilibrium gets very good value with a percentage of 10%, both 60%, and good enough 30%. The application of the rhythm principle obtains a good value with a percentage of 50%, 40% good enough, and 10% less good. The application of the principle of emphasis obtains good grades with a percentage of 90%, and is good enough at 10%. The application of the principle of proportion obtains a good value with a percentage of 90% and is quite good at 10%. The results of the study explain that overall unity is good because each element is well composed and the color of each object looks harmonious. Overall balance is good because of the influence of the direction of view of the doll and the placement of each element looks balanced and can be felt through aesthetic sensitivity. The rhythm as a whole is quite good because it doesn't have many elements arranged neatly and repeatedly. The overall emphasis is good because of the contrast of colors and shapes that stand out in the work. The overall proportion is good because the doll has a unique body shape and size. Potential development on the principle of unity and rhythm is done by increasing the number of supporting elements in each work. The principle of balance and proportion is done by considering the size and shape and the number of supporting elements in the work used. In the principle of sensitization is done by choosing the shape, size and color that stands out or even the contrast of other elements. Keywords: crafts, diorama souvenirs, design principles.