bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colloidal nano-MOFs nucleate and stabilize ultra-small quantum dots of lead bromide perovskites
Authors: Protesescu Loredana , Calbo Joaquín , Williams Kristopher , Tisdale William , Walsh Aron , Dincă Mircea
Published: March 2021

We demonstrate a simple and effective host–guest strategy for preparing ultra-small lead bromide perovskite QDs through the use of nano-sized MOFs that function as nucleating and host sites.
Single-molecule optical genome mapping in nanochannels: multidisciplinarity at the nanoscale
Authors: Jeffet Jonathan , Margalit Sapir , Michaeli Yael , Ebenstein Yuval
Published: March 2021

The human genome contains multiple layers of information that extend beyond the genetic sequence. In fact, identical genetics do not necessarily yield identical phenotypes as evident for the case of two different cell types in the human body. The great variation in structure and function displayed by cells with identical genetic background is attributed to additional genomic information content. This includes large-scale genetic aberrations, as well as diverse epigenetic patterns that are crucial for regulating specific cell functions. These genetic and epigenetic patterns operate in concert in order to maintain specific cellular functions in health and disease. Single-molecule optical genome mapping is a high-throughput genome analysis method that is based on imaging long chromosomal fragments stretched in nanochannel arrays. The access to long DNA molecules coupled with fluorescent tagging of various genomic information presents a unique opportunity to study genetic and epigenetic patterns in the genome at a single-molecule level over large genomic distances. Optical mapping entwines synergistically chemical, physical, and computational advancements, to uncover invaluable biological insights, inaccessible by sequencing technologies. Here we describe the method’s basic principles of operation, and review the various available mechanisms to fluorescently tag genomic information. We present some of the recent biological and clinical impact enabled by optical mapping and present recent approaches for increasing the method’s resolution and accuracy. Finally, we discuss how multiple layers of genomic information may be mapped simultaneously on the same DNA molecule, thus paving the way for characterizing multiple genomic observables on individual DNA molecules.
Effects of flux derating methods on torque production of fault‐tolerant polyphase inductiondrives
Authors: Tousizadeh Mahdi , Che Hang Seng , Abdel‐Khalik Ayman Samy , Munim W.N.W.A , Selvaraj Jeyraj , Abd. Rahim Nasrudin
Published: March 2021

Fault‐tolerant drives have been gaining increasing attention due to the need to enhance the reliability and robustness of electric drive systems, particularly for safety critical applications. However, in postfault control, it is often necessary to derate the machine, that is to reduce the torque and/or flux currents, to satisfy the current constraints of the power electronic devices. For induction motors, there are different approaches to quantify the current components in postfault operation while maintaining a stable operation within the current constraints. The efficiency enhancement of a faulted drive through flux current reduction is one of the methods reported in literature, however, the details of power components, that is, achievable torque and speed, are not addressed. This study broadly investigates the effect of flux and/or torque current partitioning on postfault capability of polyphase (three and more phases) induction machines in terms of achievable torque and speed. It is demonstrated that the magnetising inductance characteristics, which depend on the machine design and its power rating, have a profound effect on the choice of postfault current partitioning, and hence the machine performance. Theoretical discussion is supported with experimental verification using three‐phase and symmetrical six‐phase induction motors.
AMBCR: Low‐light image enhancement via attention guided multi‐branch construction and Retinex theory
Authors: Li Miao , Zhou Dongming , Nie Rencan , Xie Shidong , Liu Yanyu
Published: March 2021

Due to different lighting environments and equipment limitations, low‐light images have high noise, low contrast and unobvious colours. The main purpose of low‐light image enhancement is to preserve the details and suppress noise as much as possible while improving the contrast of the image. Here, different networks are first combined to construct a multi‐branch module for features extraction, and use the module and Retinex theory to extract the reflection map of the image. Then an attention mechanism is introduced into the multi‐branch construction to balance the feature weight of each branch, and get the final result by the reconstruction module. The Retinex theory is used to calculate the L1 loss and the gradient loss for the intermediate feature map of the entire model to train our framework. The entire process is completed in an end‐to‐end‐way, which avoids the hand‐crafted reconstruction rules and reduces the workload. What's more, a large number of experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework performs better results than state‐of‐the‐art algorithms in both quantitative and qualitative evaluations of image enhancement.
A robust sperm cell tracking algorithm using uneven lighting image fixing and improved branch and bound algorithm
Authors: Alhaj Alabdulla Ahmad , Haşıloğlu Abdulsamet , Hicazi Aksu Emrah
Published: March 2021

An accurate and robust sperm cells tracking algorithm that is able to detect and track sperm cells in videos with high accuracy and efficiency is presented. It is fast enough to process approximately 30 frames per second. It can find the correct path and measure motility parameters for each sperm. It can also adapt with different types of images coming from different cameras and bad recording conditions. Specifically, a new way is offered to optimize uneven lighting images to improve sperm cells detection which gives us the ability to get more accurate tracking results. The shape of each detected object is used to specify collided sperms and utilized dynamic gates which become bigger and smaller according to the sperm cell's speed. For assigning tracks to the detected sperm cells positions an improved version of branch and bound algorithm which is faster than the normal one is offered. This sperm cells tracking algorithm outperforms many of the previous algorithms as it has lower error rate in both sperm detection and tracking. It is compared with six other algorithms, and it gives lower tracking error rates. This method will allow doctors and researchers to obtain sperm motility data instantly and accurately.
Distributed adaptive robust H∞ control of intelligent‐connected electric vehicles platooning subject to communication delay
Authors: Wang Jingyao , Zheng Huaqing , Guo Jinghua , Fan Jingjing , Li Keqiang
Published: March 2021

With an aim to improve the performances of intelligent‐connected electric vehicle platoon with communication delay, we present a distributed adaptive robust control scheme in this paper. First, the longitudinal non‐linear dynamic model of vehicle i is established, and in order to reduce the difficulty of analysing such a non‐linear system, a simplified uncertain dynamic model of vehicle i is obtained via a feedback linearisation method. Second, a novel distributed state‐feedback robust platoon controller is designed by using the relative information between neighbouring electric vehicles. Third, we derive the sufficient condition that the presented distributed robust platoon controller exists under the influence of communication delay. This condition is given in the form of a linear matrix inequality, which is low dimensional and whose dimension is independent of the length of the intelligent electric vehicle platoon. Furthermore, the closed‐loop platoon system controlled by the presented controller is proved stable subject to communication delay by using the Lyapunov stability theory. In addition, an adaptive control term is added to the robust platoon controller. We present the sufficient condition that such a modified controller exists and prove the platoon string stability. Finally, the effectiveness of the presented adaptive robust platoon control scheme is verified by conducting numerical simulation tests.
Magnetic signatures on mixed-mode frequencies
Authors: Bugnet L. , Prat V. , Mathis S. , Astoul A. , Augustson K. , García R. A. , Mathur S. , Amard L. , Neiner C.
Published: March 2021

Context. The discovery of moderate differential rotation between the core and the envelope of evolved solar-like stars could be the signature of a strong magnetic field trapped inside the radiative interior. The population of intermediate-mass red giants presenting surprisingly low-amplitude mixed modes (i.e. oscillation modes that behave as acoustic modes in their external envelope and as gravity modes in their core) could also arise from the effect of an internal magnetic field. Indeed, stars more massive than about 1.1 solar masses are known to develop a convective core during their main sequence. The field generated by the dynamo triggered by this convection could be the progenitor of a strong fossil magnetic field trapped inside the core of the star for the remainder of its evolution.

Aims. Observations of mixed modes can constitute an excellent probe of the deepest layers of evolved solar-like stars, and magnetic fields in those regions can impact their propagation. The magnetic perturbation on mixed modes may therefore be visible in asteroseismic data. To unravel which constraints can be obtained from observations, we theoretically investigate the effects of a plausible mixed axisymmetric magnetic field with various amplitudes on the mixed-mode frequencies of evolved solar-like stars.

Methods. First-order frequency perturbations due to an axisymmetric magnetic field were computed for dipolar and quadrupolar mixed modes. These computations were carried out for a range of stellar ages, masses, and metallicities.

Conclusions. We show that typical fossil-field strengths of 0.1 − 1 MG, consistent with the presence of a dynamo in the convective core during the main sequence, provoke significant asymmetries on mixed-mode frequency multiplets during the red giant branch. We provide constraints and methods for the detectability of such magnetic signatures. We show that these signatures may be detectable in asteroseismic data for field amplitudes small enough for the amplitude of the modes not to be affected by the conversion of gravity into Alfvén waves inside the magnetised interior. Finally, we infer an upper limit for the strength of the field and the associated lower limit for the timescale of its action in order to redistribute angular momentum in stellar interiors.
Problems of environmental pollution with heavy metals in the Russian Federation
Authors: Vertinsky Alexey
Published: March 2021

The causes and sources of pollution of the natural environment with heavy metals are analyzed in the study. Basic information on indicators of environmental pollution with toxic metals was presented. When assessing the state of the natural environment, the author emphasizes the need to take into account that the intake of heavy metals is caused by both natural sources and anthropogenic impact. The study provides a review of scientific sources devoted to analytical methods for determining the content of heavy metals in biological media. Within the framework of the study, the author substantiated the conclusion that it is necessary to modernize methods for determining the content of heavy metals in biological media, given that it is possible to assess the level of the content and the adverse effects of heavy metals on the human body only with accurate quantitative indicators of the background content of elements in biological media. In addition, characteristics of the microelement composition of the environment for the region under study are subject to mandatory registration. The author emphasizes the need to develop methodological approaches and establish the background regional levels of metal content in biological media.
Optimal ways to improve the greening of the production sector
Authors: Ovchinnikova Svetlana , Borovkov Aleksandr , Schneider Elena , Kalinichenkо Andrey
Published: March 2021

The paper discusses a system of criteria that make it possible to assess the level of environmental safety of an enterprise. The model of the “nature-population-production” system and the very interaction of the system are presented. Environmental problems, problems of ecology of production, and consumption of natural resources lead to an increase in the rate of growth of production, which, in turn, leads to an increase in demand for resources, and as a consequence, to their irrational use, and then to massive emissions into the environment as waste. In order to improve the environmental situation in the country, some areas for improving the greening of the production sector are presented, which increase the efficiency of consumption and use of natural resources, while reducing environmental pollution by emissions, effluents, and waste. The main indicators that determine the level of environmental management are presented - indicators of resource intensity, an indicator of the degree of restoration of natural resources, and indicators of saving primary natural resources. All three indicators are part of the specific consumption of natural resources and can be used at the enterprise to control the consumption of natural resources, as well as in order to minimize waste through the use of secondary resources and low-waste technologies. The established ways of improving the greening of the production sector are able to improve the ecological situation in the regions of the country and establish the relationship between man, nature and the production sector.
Helminthofauna of ruminants and solipeds in the Center for Breeding Steppe Animals “Orenburg Tarpaniya”
Authors: Khristianovsky Pavel , Belimenko Vladislav , Platonov Stanislav , Grudinin Dmitrij , Malcev Semyon
Published: March 2021

During the autumn-winter-spring season of 2016-2017, the Center for Breeding Steppe Animals (Orenburg region) conducted coprological surveys of herbivores. Identified contamination strongylata have yaks and camels at a low infestation intensity. These animals were not dehelmintizated in the autumn period. By spring, the strongylate infestation intensity in camels increased. The kiangs and Przewalski’s horses kept here were subjected to autumn dehelmintization. In these animals, helminths were not detected during the entire study period. It is recommended to carry out planned dehelmintization of animals kept in small protected areas.
Optimization of the process of electrochemical wastewater treatment of yeast production
Authors: Poshtarenko Anna
Published: March 2021

The process of purification and disinfection of yeast production sewage under the action of electrodialysis has been studied. As a result of research to determine the physicochemical and microbiological sewage composition, it was found that in sewage of the 1st degree of yeast separation has the highest excess content of organic and mineral substances in terms of: Chemical oxygen consumption (COC) - 31096/500 mg О2 / dm3, suspended solids - 6800 / 300 mg / dm3, chlorides - 2147/350 mg / dm3and sulfates - 6089/400 mg / dm3. The content of organic substances, which is characterized by the Chemical oxygen consumption (COC) indicator, in sewage of general discharge, 2nd and 3rd degree of yeast separation is 41%, 50% and 74% and that is lower than in sewage of the 1st degree of yeast separation. The number of microorganisms in terms of Total microbial count (TMC) in sewage of the 1st stage of yeast separation is the largest and is 12·107 colony-forming units CFU / cm3. It is determined that the process of sewage treatment and disinfection from minerals occurs more efficiently in the cathode zone, and from organic substances and microorganisms - in the anode zone of the electrodializer at a water temperature of 293 K, current of 0.1 A and duration of exposure 20 min.
Microflora of degraded desert-sandy soils in the case of Uzbekistan
Authors: Namozov Normamat , Tursinbaev Mirzabek , Yuldoshev Iskandar , Yuldasheva Sakhibabonu
Published: March 2021

This article presents the results of a study conducted by desert-sandy soils. In the studied desert-sandy soils rapid development of the studied microorganisms was observed mainly in the spring. Mushrooms, ammonificators and oligonitrophilic are sensitive in terms of optimal soil moisture, therefore increasing the number of them observed in the wet periods of the year. Actinomycetes are easier to tolerate unfavorable environmental conditions than other groups of microorganisms, therefore, their seasonal dynamics were insignificant.
Breeding indicators of Carniolan (Apis mellifera carnica pollm) and Carpathy (Apis mellifera carpatica) honey bees
Authors: Kakhramanov Boymakhmat , Isamukhamedov Solikh , Kuldasheva Farida , Doniyorov Saydulla , Rakhimjanova Nilufar
Published: March 2021

In our research, the adaptation of imported carniolan (Apis mellifera carnica Pollm) and Carpathian (Apis mellifera carpatica) honey bees to the natural climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, the main indicators of queen bees in experimental groups, the results of two-year assessment and economic benefits were studied for the first time in Uzbekistan.
Biological properties and influencing factors of woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm) in the condition of orchard agrobiocenosis
Authors: Sayimov Nodir , Anorbaev Azimjon , Bababekov Kalandar
Published: March 2021

This article provides information on the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the development of the population of orchard agrobiocenosis of woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm), the main sucking pest of seed orchards.
Effectiveness of successful application of herbicides ‘Chemical Glyphosate’ and ‘Himstop’ 330 against annual and perennial weeds in cotton fields of Uzbekistan
Authors: Shodmanov Makhkam , Mustafoeva Ozoda
Published: March 2021

This article provides information on the effectiveness of successive application of herbicides chemical glyphosate (CG) (3 l/ha) and Himstop 330 (1.5 l/ha) against annual and perennial weeds in cotton fields. When Himstop 330 was used at a rate of 1.5 l/ha, the number of annual weeds was reduced by 84.6-90.4%. 14.5-17.9%. When CG 54% herbicide was applied at a rate of 3.0 l/ha, annuals were reduced by 16.5–19.4%, while perennials were reduced by 86.4–91.5%.CG, when applied in the fall at a rate of 3.0 l/ha, and Himstop 330, at a rate of 1.5 l/ha (in series) with the sowing of annual weeds 89.6-94.5%, perennials 88.2- Provides a loss of 92.6%.When CG was used separately at a rate of 3.0 l/ha and Himstop 330 at a rate of 1.5 l/ha, 3.25 q/ha more cotton was obtained than the control variant. CG (3.0 l/ha) and Himstop 330 (1.5 l/ha) herbicides when applied in series provide a high cotton yield of 5.2 q/ha per hectare.
Current state of Cenopopulations Iris Magnifica Vved and Tulipa Fosteriana W.Irving in Uzbekistan
Authors: Khujanazarov Uktam , Shomurodov Habibullo , Mirkhamidova Parida , Alimova Rano
Published: March 2021

The current state of cenotic populations of 2 plant species listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan from the territories of Kashkadarya province was assessed, such as: Iris magnifica Vved. and Tulipa fosteriana W. Irving. The presence or absence of certain ontogenetic groups in coenopopulation is associated with the ecological-phytocenotic growth condition and the degree of cattle grazing. The aim of the research was to describe the coenopopulation of Iris magnifica Vved. and Tulipa fosteriana W. Irving. The scientific justification of the ways of ecological improvement of coenopopulation. In the implementation of scientific work, the methods of traditional geobotanical and cartographic remote study of plant formations were applied. The factors that influence the vegetative processes of plant formations were identified in this study so that the ontogenetic structure of coenopopulation of Iris magnifica Vved. and Tulipa fosteriana W. Irving. were developed.
Effect of external environmental factors on the technological and physical-mechanical properties of silkworm
Authors: Umarov S.H. , Batirova A. , Ruziev A. , Oserbaeva S. , Zikirova M.
Published: March 2021

In this article, we have studied the extent to which the technological performance of mulberry silkworms on the industrial hybrids “Musaffo Tola 1” and “Musaffo Tola 2” changes during the hot summer days and these hybrids retain their potential even in adverse stress conditions. Import varieties of “Jingsong x Hoayou” and “Hoayou x Jingsong” hybrid combinations were selected as control hybrids. This Chinese hybrid is the most imported hybrid in Uzbekistan. The purpose of our experiments is to assess the resistance of domestic and import varieties of hybrids to high temperatures on the basis of technological indicators. Changes in the biological performance of import varieties of and domestic hybrids under stress conditions, in particular, a decrease in the viability of worms, an increase in the percentage of deaf and black cocoons, and changes in technological properties were studied.
Detection of heavy metals and pesticides in the raw materials of Araxacum Officinale Wigg and Taraxacum Kok-saghyz Rodin plants
Authors: Yuldasheva Sokhiba , Sherimbetov Sanjar , Tulaganov Abdukodir , Khaydarova Khalima
Published: March 2021

Taraxacum officinale Wigg and the results of scientific research on the development of modern methods of physicochemical analysis of heavy metals that can be found in raw materials of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin, and the presence of pesticides in plants using the GOST (governmental standard) European Pharmacopoeia standard. Methods for the quantitative determination of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of heavy metals; macro and microelements in plant raw materials have been developed. The test for the presence of pesticides and heavy metals in plants according to the GOST standard of the European Pharmacopoeia was carried out in accordance with the Sanitary Rules and Standards of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Influence of soil treatment methods and standards of mineral fertilizers on growth and development of malt and soil fertility
Authors: Urmanova Munisa , Kuziev Abdukodir , Burkhanova Dilnavoza , Kadirova Dilrabo , Namozov Normamat , Shadieva Nilufar
Published: March 2021

This article illustrates a number of experiments to conduct research on agronomic techniques of seedling cultivation from the seeds of smooth licorice (Glycyrrhiza Glabra L). The analysis of research results on the effect of irrigation regimes on the growth and development of smooth licorice seedlings, the analysis of experimental work on the effects of smooth licorice irrigation regimens and mineral fertilizer rates on winter wheat yields was carried out. The cost effectiveness of growing seedlings from smooth licorice seeds was also studied by analyzing the results of irrigation procedures, determining the effect of soil processing methods, development and yield of winter wheat sown as a successive crop during cultivation of licorice saplings, and yield of roots in conditions of irrigated typical sierozem soils of the Tashkent province.
Age and growth of two bream species in the Tudakul reservoir of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kamilov B. , Yuldashov M. , Khakimova R. , Ibodova M.
Published: March 2021

The study was carried out in 2014-2018 at the Tudakul reservoir, Uzbekistan. Samples included 278 European bream (Abramis brama), and 83 Amur white bream (Parabramis pekinensis). The age, total length and weight of the fish varied from 1 to 5 years, from 14 to 50 cm, from 30 to 1,405 g for the European bream and from 1 to 6 years, from 24 to 53.5 cm and 105 – 2,138 g for the white Amur bream and European bream, respectively. The relationship between total length (TL) and weight (W) is described by the equation W = 0.005 * TL3.2555(r = 0.98) for European bream and W = 0.005 * TL3.201(r = 0.96) for white Amur bream. Recovered average growth rate of European bream: TL1 - 13.5 cm; TL2 - 28.1 cm, TL3 - 37.95 cm, TL4 - 42.6 cm, TL5 - 48.6 cm.The average height of the Amur white bream: TL1 - 12.6 cm, TL2 - 23.3 cm, TL3 - 31.5 cm, TL4 - 37.9 cm, TL5 - 41.7 cm, TL6 - 44.2 cm. Lee’s phenomenon did not appear. All yearling fish were juvenile. In 2-year-old fish of both sexes of both species, the gonads were at stage II. Males and females of both species reached their first maturity at 3-4 years of age, when the total body length of the European bream was 30–32 cm, and the Amur white bream was 34–35 cm.
Nutrition assessment of new created mulberry varieties
Authors: Rajabov N.O. , Raxmonberdiyev V.K. , Nasurillayev B.U. , Mirzayeva Y.Y. , Bobomurodov M.KH. , Absalomov U.T.
Published: March 2021

This research was aimed at establishing high-quality and abundant cocoon cultivation in the country, to create new high-quality and nutritious mulberry varieties and gradually introduce them into production. In order to create local mulberry varieties, for the first time the viability of mulberry silkworm hybrids of mulberry varieties “Jararik-9”, “Jararik-10” was determined by the level of cocoon productivity and technological impact. The coefficient of leaves eating of new varieties of mulberry “Jararik-9”, “Jararik-10” by hybrid worms of silkworm was determined. The varieties of mulberry belonging to the genusMorus alba L.and hybrids belonging to the genusBombyx mori Lof the mulberry silkworm were taken as the study objects. For chemical analysis, leaf samples were taken and analyzed in the spring in the order established by the worms in the middle of the 5th year of development. Furthermore, the effect of new mulberry varieties on the growth dynamics of worm leaves was studied. The coefficient of leaves eating of new mulberry varieties by hybrid worms was determined. According to the results of the research, among the new selection numbers No3-02 and No7-02, the coefficient of assimilation of No3-02 and No7-02 is significantly higher than other selection numbers and “Tajik seedless” variety.
The concept of inter-settlement territory in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kustysheva Irina , Konyukhova Anastasia
Published: March 2021

The article explores the question of the concept of inter-settlement territory. Such a territory, namely the concept of such a territory in the Russian Federation, appeared relatively recently. The authors studied the prospects for the development of settlements (urban, rural) through the use of the inter-settlement territory, which is mainly formed on agricultural lands. A generalized analysis of scientific methods and approaches of the organization of management in settlements and in inter-settlement territories are considered, the problems of using such a territory are identified and proposals are developed to solve the identified problems of the legal status of an inter-settlement territory.
Parameters of the seed output device of the ergot isolation machine
Authors: Saitov Viktor , Farafonov Vyacheslav , Saitov Aleksey
Published: March 2021

Grains of rye, wheat, barley and oats are often infected with poisonous ergot fungi. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the grain from harmful impurities. Modern machines do not provide the isolation of ergot sclerotia from grain due to the closeness of their properties in terms of air flow rate and linear dimensions. Cleaning seeds from ergot sclerotia, which have a density lower than the density of the grain, is possible in an aqueous solution of salt. When developing such a machine, research is required to study the residence time of grain in an aqueous salt solution. Grains are considered in the form of a transverse cylinder and an elongated ellipsoid of rotation with numerical values of the parameters: density ρz = 1.2…1.5∙103 kg/m3, length lz = 5.0…10.0∙10-3 m, width b = 1.4…3.6∙10-3 m and thickness δ = 1.2…3.5∙10-3 m. Theoretical studies were carried out on the basis of methods of mathematical modeling, classical mechanics using the laws of hydrodynamics. It was found that when using in the machine for the isolation of toxic ergot sclerotia from the grain of an aqueous solution of salt with a density ρzh = 1000…1150 kg/m3 and a height h1 = 0.35…0.60 m in a bath, the total time ttotal of seeds residence varies within 7.6…18.8 s. During this time, the seeds are moistened superficially, to eliminate which it is enough to blow them under the pressure of atmospheric air.
Enzyme compositions in biological processes of animals to obtain environmentally friendly products
Authors: Ivanova Inna , Kovaleva Olga , Karmatskikh Julia , Koshelev Sergey , Neverov Vladislav , Trigub Vera
Published: March 2021

The urgency of the investigated problem is due to the fact that enzymatic compositions in the diets of agricultural mammals contribute to better digestion of nutrients, which allows increasing the rate of inexpensive raw materials ‘rich’ in anti-nutritional factors without compromising the health and productivity of the animal. The article is aimed at researching the digestibility of nutrients and the effect of enzyme compositions on the productivity of cows, and on the analysis of changes in live weight and average daily increments, slaughter and meat qualities of experimental young fattening pigs. The leading method of study is conducting scientific, economic and physiological experiments. Studies allow revealing the effects of enzyme compositions on the gastrointestinal tract microflora, which will directly affect the digestibility of nutrients and productive qualities. The digestibility ratios of feed nutrients were greater in the animals of the experimental groups receiving the enzyme compositions. In cows, milk production increased, and milk composition improved. In the experimental groups of pigs, there was an increase in live weight and average daily growth; a high yield of meat was obtained and the best ratio of meat to fat was observed. The results can be used to study metabolic processes in animals.
Elimination of desert pastures degradation through creation of perennial crop areas in Uzbekistan
Authors: Islamov Sohib , Namozov Normamat , Saidova Munisa , Kodirova Dilrabo
Published: March 2021

This article addressed effective agronomic practices used to cultivate promising varieties of desert forage plants suitable for soil-climatic conditions in order to improve the condition and increase the productivity of degraded desert pastures. The results of field research on the selection, collection, reproduction of seeds of perennial forage plant species with high productivity, resistant to drought and saline soils in the desert, and the restoration of the flora of degraded areas were also widely covered. The results of phenological observations showed that the highest germination and perfect seed count among desert forage crops was observed in kochia and agropyron, accordingly, was 31-32 seed germination and 60-65 perfect seed number, and seed purity and weight, agropyron crop also gave the highest results. The purity of seeds for agropyron crop was 62%, the smallest indicator referenced to haloxylon, accounted for 30%.
Innovative technologies in construction and Building Information Modeling
Authors: Okolelova Ella , Shibaeva Marinna , Trukhina Natalya , Konitskaya Oksana
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the results of research in the field of the use of innovative technologies in the design of buildings. The modern technologies of information modeling, in particular, BIM, which makes it possible to represent the building not only in three-dimensional space, but also allows designing it in the dynamic system « design - construction – operation » are considered. The experience of using BIM technologies is based on identifying errors at the initial design stage and the possibility of their elimination at the same stage. The development of mechanisms for detecting design errors and defects formed the basis of the task set in the work. A model for signaling about the detection of defects has been developed, and the problem of stochastic modeling of the qualitative parameters of the designed object has been solved.
Construction in the digital economy: prospects and areas of transformation
Authors: Kankhva Vadim , Andryunina Yana , Belyaeva Svetlana , Sonin Yaroslav
Published: March 2021

The authors substantiated the need for digitalization of construction as an imperative of embedding the industry in the ecosystem of the digital economy, taking into account the implementation of the principle of fractality in management. The main digitalization tools have been identified, points of growth in various projections have been determined, and the impact of factors-drivers of digital transformation has been analyzed and assessed. In the process of digitalization of the construction industry, it is necessary, first of all, to ensure the integration of information models of investment and construction projects and existing state information systems. The paper considers the process of integrating the FSIS PC and the BIM design system, identifying the corresponding problem areas and the main stakeholders in the creation of an information system of pricing in construction, and differentiating the possible effects.
Comparison of heating loads in residential, public and industrial buildings
Authors: Malyavina Elena , Zdoronok Andrey , Ozerchuk Daria
Published: March 2021

Provision has been made of studying the influence of the standard thermal protection of residential, public and industrial buildings on the heating load and seasonal heat consumption for heating in various climatic conditions of the Russian Federation. The calculations have been performed on the example of a five-story building. It is proposed to economically justify the adopted standards, taking into account the cost of fuel in different regions of the Russian Federation, when revising the norms of thermal protection.
Making a set of jewelry “Northern Sun” in Evenki style
Authors: Dmitrieva Varvara , Fedorоva Kristina
Published: March 2021

This article examines the best traditions of applied art of the Evenk people and the using of the basic Evenki ornaments in jewelry. The author’s design of the Evenki-style female jewelry set was created and the technology for the manufacture was developed..
Prospects for the development and use of innovative technologies in the housing and communal services sector
Authors: Korovkina Alina , Kolosov Alexander , Pereslavtseva Inna , Sklyarov Kirill
Published: March 2021

In the modern world, the process of innovative transformation of the housing and communal services (HCS) sector is taking place with active steps. The latest technical developments are used to improve the quality of life of the population, which are aimed at a comprehensive modernization of the entire structure of HCS and reducing the wear of systems. One of the most important stages is the introduction of innovative technologies through the use of the Internet of Things, big data processing. The objects of innovative development are smart platforms, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and a quantum computer. Investors can help these innovations. Therefore, the importance of the issue of integrating modern technological innovations has great prospects for the maintenance and development of housing and communal services. The paper studies the current perspective of using the latest developments in the field of HCS, mainly aimed at improving the quality of life of the country’s population. The possibility of attracting investors as the main assistants for the successful implementation of innovative projects was also considered. The sphere of HCS is a promising platform for creating profitability of innovative projects, achieving an improvement in the quality of life of the population. It is of high importance for many sectors of the economy of the Russian Federation.
A new look on Community Centers under modern trends in urban design and development
Authors: Stetsky Sergey , Kamagina Valentina
Published: March 2021

The article deals with one of the most significant problem of urban planning, design and development in its contemporary state-i.e. with creation of social, sport and cultural facilities for all groups of inhabitants within a certain urban territory. It is noted, that the traditional solution of this problem, experienced for the time being in the world is creation of so-called «Community Centers» within a certain planning territory of a city, which is usually choosen to be «a community». The multifactorial analysis shows, that the best way is to design Multifunctional Centers, instead of Community Centers of single functional role. It is noted, that Multifunctional Community Centers are the most generalized type of the buildings in question, being much more efficient.
Position of residential buildings in the urban tissue in relation to environmental affect: a review
Authors: Stetsky Sergey , Dorozhkina Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

The article considers the problems, which for the time being become nearly traditional in the field of contemporary residential urban development. The problems discussed depend on the environmental effect of the natural and material surroundings on residential buildings. The influence of noise, light, sun and wind is being discussed. It is noted, that such an affect highly influences the quality of living in residential zones of urban settlements. The structural, architectural and urban planning design solutions are being considered, which increase the quality of indoor and outdoor living in modern cities.
Study of the transport system and its impact on urbanized areas
Authors: Kryakhtunov Alexander , Ainullina Karina
Published: March 2021

Currently, the transport infrastructure plays a decisive role in the development of the city. For the development of the transport system of the territory, it is necessary to develop a whole range of measures to improve both the organization of traffic and transport infrastructure, which implies the creation of parking space, logistics of passenger and cargo transportation and other aspects. Tyumen, being a rapidly developing city and transport hub, objectively suffers from insufficient development of the road transport network. A significant problem is the congestion of the city center, which increases the travel time to the center from residential areas of the city. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the strategic plans for the development of transport infrastructure to assess the potential of the city of Tyumen, which is rapidly approaching the status of a millionaire city, the core of a large agglomeration.
Factors affecting microclimatic conditions in urban environment
Authors: Giyasova Irina
Published: March 2021

Urbanization leads to dramatic changes in urban microclimate, and becomes a serious problem in terms of ensuring comfortable and healthy living of city dwellers. The main factors affecting the microclimate of urban environment are not only the geographical features of cities, but also the density of buildings, the environmental concerns, the thermal response of buildings, the influence of plants and water bodies. The problem of the urban microclimate optimization is multifaceted since various factors affect changes in the urban environment. Thus an integrated multilevel systematic approach to studying the problems of the formation of the urban microclimate is required. Integrating the accumulated knowledge and practices in the research domain with design work is important.
Adaptation of Cities to Climate Change (Best Practices Review)
Authors: Ivanova Zinaida , Eichner Michael
Published: March 2021

The authors of the article are raising current issues related to climate change and global warming. Not all the countries are responding to these processes the same way and undertake joint complex efforts to mitigate climate change impacts. The authors have analyzed the existing legislations and actions for adaptation to climate change in the EU and separate European countries. “Covenant of Mayors”, ADAPT program, Joint Programming Initiative Urban Europe are considered in detail. Informational and awareness-raising work of state and educational entities is one of the main necessary actions to mitigate climate change negative impacts. The article presents the results of the opinion poll made by the European Social Survey, “Russian Public Opinion Research Center” (JSC “VCIOM”) and the investigations of German State Development Bank KfW on how citizens perceive climate change processes, their sense of personal responsibility and personal reaction. Also a brief review of educational programs of builders, urban developers and architects in European and Russian universities is added to the article. The conclusion of the authors is as such: it is necessary to intensify legislative measures for adaptation of cities to climate change, the stronger control of the amount of carbon dioxide emissions and coordinated actions in one region are needed. It is necessary to pay careful attention to climatic education of the students – future builders and urban developers.
The coefficient of technical readiness as an indicator of the effectiveness of the strategy of technical operation of lifting and transport equipment of terminals
Authors: Zub Igor , Yezhov Yuri , Stenin Nikolai
Published: March 2021

Technical operation of lifting and transport equipment is one of the key problems of ports and terminals. The functions of technical operation include maintenance and repair of lifting and transport equipment. The imperfection of the maintenance and repair system leads to downtime of lifting and transport equipment, which affects the cost of loading and unloading operations. The main requirements for technical operation are to ensure the quality and speed of loading and unloading operations with minimal operating costs. One of the indicators for assessing the quality of technical operation is the coefficient of technical readiness, which shows that the probability that the lifting and transport equipment will be in a working state at any time, except for periods in which operation is not provided. These periods include the time when the lifting and transport equipment is being maintained and repaired. Technical operation strategy is selected based on the technical readiness coefficient.
Nexus between Financial Fundamentals and Automotive (Car) Industry. ARDL approach
Authors: Risman Asep , Subhani Muhammad Imtiaz , Ushakov Denis
Published: March 2021

This paper is an attempt to investigate the nexus between the financial fundaments and the market share of automotive(car) industry of top 26 automotive producing nations. The time series data of change is stock prices, trading volumes of stocks and market shares of automotive industry of top 26 automotive producing nations were collected from data stream Eikon for the period from 2002 to 2014. ARDL approach was used to investigate the lag length nexus of financial fundaments with the market shares of automotive(car) industry. Further AR processes were also investigated for the series of automotive market shares. Findings confirmed the significant impact of change in stock prices on the Automobile (car) Market Sharesfor France, Hungary, Indonesia, Malaysia, Romania, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey and United States of America for lag1, while alsothe significant impact of change in stock priceson the Automobile (car)Market Shares were also found present for China, France, Hungary, Indonesia, Italy, Malaysia, Pakistan, Romania, South Africa and South Korea for lag 2. Findings further confirmed the impact of trading volumes for lag1 on the Automobile (car) Market Sharesfor Argentina, Brazil, France, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Pakistan, South Africa, South Korea and Taiwan. The impact of trading volumes for lag2 on the Automobile Market(car) Sharewere also found present for Brazil, Hungary, India, Italy, Romania, South Africa, Ukraine, United Kingdom and United States of America. Moreover, AR processes in market shares of automotive (car) industry for few from the outlined nations were also observed for the stated period.
Are the non-stationarities in global market shares of top automotive nations of the world same?
Authors: Aí Huu Tran , Subhani Muhammad Imtiaz , Prachyangprecha Sommaya
Published: March 2021

This paper is an attempt to investigate the non-stationary process in the global market shares of automotive industry of top 26 automotive producing nations. The time series data of global automotive market shares of top 26 automotive producing nations were collected from data stream Eikon for the period from 2002 to 2014. Augmented Dickey Fuller Unit root test (ADF URT) is used to investigate the non-stationarities or shocks in the outlined series of global automotive market shares. Findings confirmed the presence of shocks or non-stationarity (absence of stationary process) in global market shares of almost all top automotive producing nations except of Australia, India, Malaysia and South Africa for2002 to 2014. Findings further revealed that the non-stationarities got fixed at 2nd difference in all outlined series of global market shares of automotive for the period from 2002 to 2014. It is also revealed that there are the same shocking patterns in the global market shares of all top automotive producing nations with few exception.
Aircraft seat: the study of airline seat pitching and comfortable
Authors: Phothong Kangwarn , Worasuwannarak Benjapol
Published: March 2021

Legroom is the most critical of the aircraft economy category that affects passenger comfort. Legroom is the most significant improvement in passenger comfort, particularly in today’s Low-Cost carrier, by reducing the legroom to 29 inches on average, whereas the usual seat pitch of the full-service airline is 31 inches. The capacity to change the seat pitch is in the range of 28 to 43 inches within the airline interior mock up. A study to investigate the function of seat pitches that affect passenger well-being during en-route flights. In the main analysis, the understanding of the various seat pitch settings and the ability to relocate seating postures for passengers during short-haul and long-haul flights are shown. In addition, during flight time, the research aims at the emotion of the passenger in the seat duration. As a result of this study, it demonstrates the role between the airline’s seating concept and seat pitch anthropometry that can be established and enhance the passenger posture feature while seating on the limited seat. In addition, the technique of seating in the minimal of seat pitches for passengers to become the flight comfort well.
Maximizing revenue in airline industry through air cargo operations
Authors: Paethrangsi Nisara
Published: March 2021

This research aims 1) to identify the impact of pricing strategies on airlines’ revenues, 2) to identify the impact of non-pricing strategies on airlines’ revenues, 3) to explore the significance of revenue management to airlines competitive advantage. The behavioural-demand based pricing, psychological pricing, capacity management and over contract booking strategies are determined as independent variables. A dependent variable is the competitive advantage, and a mediator is revenue management. Primary data was collected from an online survey of 500 airline industry and revenue management strategies personnel; there were only 424 completed questionnaires in return. Results show that larger competitive advantage is associated with non- pricing strategy which is the over contract booking and there is a positive relationship between the psychological pricing and competitive advantage, as compared to the behavioural-demand based pricing and capacity management based strategic approaches.