bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Table of Contents and Foreword
Authors: Lubaszewski Marcelo , Pavanello Marcelo Antonio
Published: December 2020

This issue of the Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems (JICS) features a very broad content, including papers on RF, AMS and digital design, presenting low voltage, low power and low noise solutions, improving the circuit robustness against attacks, proposing new approaches for video compression and dealing with reconfigurability, SAT solvers and energy harvesting. Six of these papers have been selected from the presentations given at SBCCI2010 (23rd Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design), which has been held in São Paulo, Brazil in 2010. Among the contributions presented at the Symposium, only a few best rated were selected by the JICS Editorial Board and have been invited to submit an extended version to the Journal. These papers have been reviewed by external experts and have been accepted for the special section on best SBCCI2010 papers. In addition to the best papers presented at the conference, three spontaneous submissions passed through the usual reviewing process and have been accepted as regular papers. We would like to thank the authors for their effort in preparing these high quality papers, as well as the reviewers for their help on paper selection, which guarantees the scientific level of this issue.We sincerely hope that JICS readers will enjoy these contributions.

Marcelo Lubaszewski - JICS Editor-in-chief

Marcelo Pavanello - JICS Co-Editor
A Cellular Automata Based Multi-Process Microfabrication Simulator
Authors: Colombo Fábio B. , Carreño Marcelo N. P.
Published: December 2020

We describe a 3D simulator for several fabrication techniques utilized to create MEMS. The software is based on a cellular automata model and allows the user to simulate several processes, such as anisotropic wet etching in alkaline solutions and deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) on (100) oriented Si substrates. The simulator allows for arbitrarily shaped masking materials and several processes can be applied in sequence to the same substrate. This enables the software to simulate the fabrication of complex MEMS devices which require more than one etching step. So, we show examples of fabrication processes involving different combinations of substrate wet and plasma DRI etching. Although relatively simple automata were utilized for the simulations, the results are in excellent accordance with reported experimental results. At this moment the simulations do not consider physical parameters affecting the fabrication process, the results shown here are important from an engineering point of view for qualitative analyses. At this moment more sophisticated automata are in development to simulate other processes, like film deposition (with different degrees of anisotropy) on previously etched substrates.
Temperature and Silicon Film Thickness Influence on the Operation of Lateral SOI PIN Photodiodes for Detection of Short Wavelengths
Authors: De Souza Michelly , Bulteel Olivier , Flandre Denis , Pavanello Marcelo Antonio
Published: December 2020

This work presents an analysis of the temperature influence on the performance of a lateral thin-film SOI PIN photodiodes when illuminated by low wavelengths, in the range of blue and ultra-violet (UV). Experimental measurements performed from 100K to 400K showed that the optical responsitivity of SOI PIN photodetectors is affected by temperature change, being reduced at low and moderately high temperatures. Two-dimensional numerical simulations showed the same trends as in the experimental results, and were used both to investigate the physical phenomena responsible for the observed behavior as a function of the temperature as well as to predict the influence of silicon film thickness downscaling on the photodetector performance.
Table of Contents and Foreword
Authors: Lubaszewski Marcelo , Pavanello Marcelo Antonio
Published: December 2020

This issue of the Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems (JICS) features a very broad content, including papers on analog and digital design, presenting novel solutions for circuit synthesis, energy efficiency, memory architectures and processor modeling and also proposing new approaches for wireless communication, motion estimation and neural networks applications. Six of these papers have been selected from the presentations given at SBCCI2011 (24th Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design), which has been held in João Pessoa, Brazil in 2011. Among the contributions presented at the Symposium, only a few best rated were selected by the JICS Editorial Board and have been invited to submit an extended version to the Journal. These papers have been reviewed by external experts and have been accepted for the special section on best SBCCI2011 papers. In addition to the best papers presented at the conference, one spontaneous submission passed through the usual reviewing process and has been accepted as a regular paper. We would like to thank the authors for their effort in preparing these high quality papers, as well as the reviewers for their help on paper selection, which guarantees the scientific level of this issue.We sincerely hope that JICS readers will enjoy these contributions.Marcelo Lubaszewski - JICS Editor-in-chief Marcelo Antonio Pavanello -  JICS Co-Editor
Induced Optical Losses in Optoelectronic Devices due Focused Ion Beam Damages
Authors: Vallini F. , Barea L. A. M. , Dos Reis E. F. , Von Zuben A. A. , Frateschi N. C.
Published: December 2020

A study of damages caused by gallium focused ion beam (FIB) into III-V compounds is presented. Potential damages caused by local heating, ion implantation, and selective sputtering are presented. Preliminary analyzes shows that local heating is negligible. Gallium implantation is shown to occur over areas tens of nanometers thick. Gallium accumulation as well as selective sputtering during III-V compounds milling is expected. Particularly, for GaAs, this effect leads to gallium segregation and formation of metallic clusters. Microdisks resonators are fabricated using FIB milling with different emission currents to analyze these effects on a device. It is shown that for higher emission current, thus higher implantation doses, the cavity quality factor rapidly decreases due optical scattering losses induced by implanted gallium atoms.
A 65nm CMOS 60 GHz Class F-E Power Amplifier for WPAN Applications
Authors: Deltimple N. , Dréan S. , Kerhervé E. , Martineau B. , Belot D.
Published: December 2020

This work presents a two-stage 60 GHz Power Amplifier designed in a 65nm CMOS technology dedicated to low cost Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) applications. In order to provide a high efficiency operation, the PA is based on a Class E power stage. A Class F driver stage is also designed to provide a square waveform signal to the Class-E power stage. To realize the output networks of both driver and power stage at 60 GHz, distributed elements are used instead of lumped elements. The post-layout simulation results show a saturated output power of 15 dBm with a peak PAE of 26% at 60 GHz. It achieves a gain of 15dB at 60 GHz.
CMOS Image Sensor Featuring Current-Mode Focal-Plane Image Compression
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda D. V. R. , Haas Hugo L. , Gomes José Gabriel R. C. , Petraglia Antonio
Published: December 2020

The interest in focal-plane processing techniques, by which image processing is carried out at the pixel level, has increased since the advent of active pixel sensors in the middle 90’s. By sharing processing circuitry by a group of neighboring pixels such techniques enable high-speed imaging operation and massive parallel computation. Focal-plane image compression is particularly interesting, because it allows for further reduction in data rates. The proposed approach also benefits from processing currents rather than voltages, which not only suits current-mode APS imagers, but also enables the circuits to operate at low voltage supply levels and achieve high speed. Moreover, arithmetic computations such as additions and scaling are easily implemented in current mode. Whereas current-mode imaging architectures produce higher fixed pattern noise (FPN) figures than their voltage-mode counterparts, low FPN can be achieved by applying correlated double sampling (CDS) and gain correction techniques. This work presents a 32 × 32 gray-level imaging integrated circuit featuring focal plane image compression, such that for each 4 × 4 pixel block, analog circuits implement differential pulse-code modulation, linear transform, and vector quantization. Other processing functions implemented in the chip are CDS and A/D conversion. Theoretical details are described, as well as the test setup of the chip fabricated in a 0.35 μm CMOS process. To validate the proposed technique, experimental results and captured photographs are shown. The CMOS imager compresses captured images at 0.94 bits/pixel for an overall power consumption below 40 mW (white image), which is equivalent to approximately 36 μW per pixel. Using photographs taken from bar-target pattern inputs, it is shown that details up to 2 cycles/c mare preserved in the decoded images.
Fully Reliable Dynamic Routing Logic for a Fault-Tolerant NoC Architecture
Authors: Alhussien Abdulaziz , Verbeek Freek , Van Gastel Bernard , Bagherzadeh Nader , Schmaltz Julien
Published: December 2020

A fault-tolerant adaptive wormhole routing function for Networks-on-Chips (NoCs) is presented. The novelty of this routing logic is that it is capable of using runtime information on availability of links to dynamically bypass faulty channels. When faults occur, no offline reconfiguration or dropping of packets is necessary. Instead, dynamic routes are suggested on-the-fly. Routing decisions are based only on local knowledge, which allows for fast switching. Our approach does not use any costly virtual channels. As we do not prohibit cyclic dependencies, the routing function provides minimal routing from source to destination even in the presence of faults. We have implemented the architecture design using synthesizable HDL. Using simulations, we have assessed the overhead of our approach in terms of latency, power and area. On average, even with 40% of the links faulty our routing logic is capable performing correctly. Using formal verification, we have proven 100% reliability up to three faults, i.e., for any combination of three faults our routing logic remains connected, deadlock-free and livelock-free.
On the Variability of the Low-Frequency Noise in UTBOX SOI nMOS-FETs
Authors: Simoen Eddy , Andrade Maria G. C. , Almeida Luciano M. , Aoulaiche M. , Caillat C. , Jurczak M. , Claeys Cor
Published: December 2020

The variability of the low-frequency (LF) noise in n-channel MOSFETs fabricated on an Ultra-Thin Buried Oxide (UTBOX) Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) substrate has been studied and compared with the variability in the threshold voltage and low-field mobility of the same devices. No correlation has been found between the noise magnitude and the DC parameters, suggesting that the traps responsible for the current fluctuations do not affect the latter. A possible explanation is that the LF noise is dominated by Generation-Recombination (GR) centers in the silicon film, which have less impact on the drain current.
An RF-Powered Temperature Sensor Designed for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Martins Gustavo Campos , Rangel de Sousa Fernando
Published: December 2020

Continuous patient monitoring enables early detection and treatment of diseases. Small and wireless devices are more comfortable to the patient and simplify the implantation procedure. This paper presents the design and partial testing of an integrated RF-powered temperature sensor suitable for the human body temperature range, from 35 to 42oC. The device was designed using a 130-nm standard CMOS technology and it receives energy from a 900-MHz signal that has power as low as −10 dBm. A calibration method was designed to obtain conversion errors smaller than 0.2oC.
The Roles of the Gate Bias, Doping Concentration, Temperature and Geometry on the Harmonic Distortion of Junctionless Nanowire Transistors Operating in the Linear Regime
Authors: Doria Rodrigo T. , Trevisoli Renan D. , De Souza Michelly , Estrada Magali , Cerdeira Antonio , Pavanello Marcelo Antonio
Published: December 2020

The linearity of Junctionless nanowire transistors operating in the linear regime has been evaluated through experimental data and numerical simulations. The influences of the fin width, the gate bias, the temperature, the doping concentration and the geometry on the overall linearity have been evaluated. The increase of the series resistance associated both to the variation of the physical parameters and the incomplete ionization effect has shown to improve the second order distortion and degrade the third order one.
O duplo sentido da “Sabedoria” nos mitos guarani
Authors: Chamorro Graciela
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta, compara e analisa dois relatos cosmogônicos distintos, recolhidos entre os grupos guarani, neste século. Em ambos os relatos a sabedoria desempenha um papel importante: em um deles, para justificar - em última instância - a origem do mal e, em outro, para torná-la partícipe e artífice do mundo e da auto-realização de todos os seres. Em ambos os casos, o papel assumido pela sabedoria está infimamente relacionado com o papel adjudicado à mulher nas histórias do bem e do mal. Nesse sentido, uma atenta exegese dos principais sintagmas que compõem os relatos e uma atenta apreciação dos mesmos pelas chaves hermenêuticas da teologia feminista podem clarificar em que medida o fato de responsabilizar a mulher e a sabedoria pela origem do mal na terra resulta de uma interpretação da tradição sapiencial pelo crivo dos valores próprios das sociedades patriarcais.
Cüneyd-i Bağdâdîye Göre Velâyet
Authors: KARAMUSTAFA Ahmet T.
Published: December 2020

Sûfiler tanrı ve insan arasındaki ilişkiye dair tüm meseleleri, “süreklilik” ve “doğrudanlık” esasından hareketle izah etmeye çalışmışlardır. Bundandır ki Sûfiler Allah’ın kullarına hitabı olan vahyin, Hz. Peygamber’in vefatıyla sona ermiş olduğu kanaatine mukabil sûfiler “velâyet” teorisini geliştirerek vahyin nübüvvetten sonraki formu saydıkları “hikmet”in kesilmezliğini ve insanların peygamberlerin tavassutu olmadan da Allah ile doğrudan ve özel bir bağ kurabileceklerini savunmuşlardır. İnsanın mahiyeti ve tekamülüne ilişkin tahlillerin merkezine yerleştirilen bu teori aracılığıyla sûfiler, ezelî hikmet olan Kur'ân-ı Kerîm’in sonsuz anlam katmanlarına veya hakikatin bilgisine her zaman için; ama yalnızca “seçilmiş olanlar” tarafından vakıf olunabileceği iddiasını gündeme getirmektedirler. Dolayısıyla Allah’ın ezelde seçtiği kişilere yani velîlerine hasrettiği makam olarak velâyet, insanın epistemik anlamda ulaşabileceği en nihai mertebenin ne olabileceği sorusuna tasavvuf kanadından gelen bir cevap olarak görülebilir. Bu makale de çoğu zaman Hakim Tirmizî’nin Hatmü’l-Evliyâ isimli eseri üzerinden yürütülen velâyet teorisine ilişkin modern araştırmaların sarf-ı nazar ettiği Tirmizî öncesi sufilerden Cüneyd-i Bağdâdî’nin görüşlerini ortaya koyarak, velayet araştırmalarındaki odak alanını genişletmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Antiplasmodial activity of Anthocleista djalonensis leaves extracts against clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum and multidrug resistant K1 strains
Authors: Brice Kouakou Bla  , Oléfongo Dagnogo  , Rolland Gueyraud Kipré  , Opportune Gogo Ballé  , Jonhson David Trébissou  , Joseph Allico Djaman
Published: December 2020

Information collected from nine (09) traditional healers in the Moronou village in the Department of Toumodi revealed that Anthocleista djanlonensis is regularly used by the population for primary health care in the processing of malaria. Evaluation of the In vitro antiplasmodial activity showed that the aqueous extracts inhibit growth of clinical isolates and chloroquinoresistant strains (K1) with IC50 of 8.29 µg/mL and 10.23 µg/mL while the ethanolic extracts had IC50 of 37.65 µg/mL and 46.07 µg/mL on the same strains respectively. Results of the In vitro antimalarial bioassay showed that aqueous extracts have promising antiplasmodial effects on clinical isolates and on Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistant K1 strain (3 µg/mL <IC50 <15 µg/mL). Phytochemical screening revealed that the extracts contain mainly alkaloids, polyphenols, polyterpenes and flavonoids
Potentially toxic metallic wear nanoparticles and trace metal ions release from metal-on-metal orthopedic implants in the human biological specimens: An Overview of in vivo and ex vivo clinical studies
Authors: Henryk Matusiewicz  , Magdalena Richter
Published: December 2020

The use of metallic biomaterials in the medical implant devices has become increasingly prevalent over the past few decades. Patients find themselves being exposed to metals in a variety of ways, ranging from external exposure to instruments such as medical devices to internal exposure via surgical devices being implanted in their bodies. In situ generation of metallic wear nanoparticles, corrosion products and in vivo trace metal ions release from metal and metallic alloys implanted into the body in orthopedic surgery is becoming a major cause for concern regarding the health and safety of patients. The chemical form, particulate vs. ionic, of the metal species in the bodily fluids and tissues is a key to the local nanotoxicity effects arising in the body. Potential health risks are associated with metallic wear debris in the form of nanoparticles in situ generation and the release of in vivo trace metal ions into human biological specimen's circulation. This overview explores how migration of metallic wear nanoparticles and ultratrace metal ions in the area of metal-on-metal orthopedic implants influences the surrounding tissues and bodily fluids, and what the toxicological consequences of this process may be. Specifically, the present article is more informative of indicative multilevel in situ/in vivo/ex vivo analytical/clinical methodologies which will be helpful in a way to plan, understand and lead the analytical innovations in the area of nano-analysis to improve patient outcomes.
Use of drugs in children with impaired liver function
Authors: Muzal Kadim
Published: December 2020

Liver disorders in children will affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs that are metabolized in the liver. Chronic liver disease in children such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver can affect the absorption and disposition (pharmacokinetics) of drugs and the efficacy and safety (pharmacodynamics) of drugs in the body. Dosage modification is determined based on clinical studies examining the effects of impaired liver function on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a drug.
The effects of a unique medium chain triglyceride complex on migraine symptoms: A beta pilot study
Authors: Neil Ernest Wolkodoff  , Gerald Martin Haase  , Robert Alexander Firger
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Migraine headaches are among the most common worldwide medical issues, and various drug therapies only offer limited relief. Medium chain triglyceride (MCT) oil has demonstrated clinical benefits in multiple domains, from enhanced overall energy to increased brain function. This pilot study investigated the potential relief provided from a unique proprietary formulation, including a high concentration MCT-containing blend on migraine frequency, duration, and severity over 30 days. Methods: Fourteen (n=14) chronic migraine sufferers (migraineurs) were prospectively selected to participate in the open-label trial of this patented complex. Participants were instructed to maintain a consistent lifestyle, health factors, and medications while consuming the study compound. Because of the current Corona virus pandemic, the original paper version of the migraine survey was converted to an electronic response form to allow subjects increased safety in rating episodes and symptoms. Results: Overall, the subjects reduced the number of migraine episodes by 39% from the baseline period compared to after 30 days of using the supplement. The average episode duration decreased from 388 minutes to 152 minutes, a 61% reduction. Days/events missed due to migraine severity or complications were reduced from five per month to two per month, a decrease of 60%. A combined measure of specific symptoms also decreased according to subject rating, by an average of 32%. Conclusion: In this beta pilot study, consumption of a high concentration MCT complex produced significant improvements in migraine symptoms in the three significant episode realms of frequency, duration, and lost days due to dysfunction. In addition, migraine symptom surveys can be converted to electronic record keeping, a benefit for both the patient and the clinician. These outcomes have provided further impetus to pursue a rigorous study of specific MCT products to reduce migraine symptoms. A formal confirmatory placebo-controlled trial has been initiated.
Do firms substitute earnings management methods? The case of the MENA region
Authors: Elkalla Tarek
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to empirically test whether firms substitute accruals-based earnings management with real activities-based earnings management or complement the two methods in the MENA region. Further, this paper seeks to investigate the impact of IFRS adoption on accruals-based earnings management. To test the research hypotheses, this paper employs a panel fixed-effects regression model for a sample of 798 non-financial listed MENA region firms over the period 2008-2015, inclusively. The research findings provide evidence that firms complement accruals-based and real activities-based earnings management methods rather than substituting one earnings management method for the other, which suggests that MENA firms conduct both methods concurrently to achieve earnings targets and are not constrained by the relative costs of employing a particular method. Furthermore, a significant positive association between GDP growth and accruals-based earnings management is found, which provides evidence that economic growth leads to a greater degree of accruals-based earnings management behavior in MENA region firms.
Collaboration for the Future: The Summary of the Belarusian-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “Designing the Future and the Horizons of Digital Reality”
Authors: Nikitsina Yulia F.
Published: December 2020

The Belarusian-Russian scientific-practical conference “Designing the Future and the Horizons of Digital Reality” is an outcome of long-term cooperation between scientists of the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, M.V. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, and the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The conference participants focused on the problems of digital transformation of social reality, the formation of a common scientific and technological space of the Union State of Russia and Belarus, the interdisciplinary synthesis of knowledge and the role of the theory of self-organization in these processes. The conference participants also raised the issues of modern management theory, artificial intelligence, strategies for ensuring global national security, new generation transport, and prospects for Eurasian integration.
Nihilistic Thinking as the Self-Will of the Mind and the Projects of Its Overcoming
Authors: Sidorenko Irina N.
Published: December 2020

The author analyzes the conceptions of ontological nihilism in the works of S. Kierkegaard, F. Nietzsche, M. Heidegger, E. Jünger. On the basis of this analysis, violence is defined as a manifestation of nihilism, of the “will to nothingness” and hypertrophy of the self-will of man. The article demonstrates the importance of the problem of nihilism. The nihilistic thinking of modern man is expressed in the attitude toward a radical transformation of the world from the position of his “absolute” righteousness. The paradox of the current situation is that there is the reverse side of this transformative activity, when there is only the appearance of action and the dilution of responsibility. Confidence in the rightness of own views and beliefs increases the risk of the violent imposition of own vision of reality. Historical and philosophical reconstruction of the conceptions of nihilism allowed to reveal the following projects of its comprehension and resolution: (1) the project of “positing of values,” which consists in the transformation of the evaluation, which is understood as another perspective of positing values, leading to the affirmation of being; (2) the project of overcoming nihilism from the space of temporality, carried out through the resoluteness to accept the historicity of own existence; (3) the project of overcoming nihilism as the oblivion of being from the spatial perspective of the “line,” allowing to realize the “glimpse” of being. The author concludes that it is impossible to solve the problem of violence and its various forms of its manifestation without overcoming “ontological nihilism.” Significant role in solving the problem of ontological violence is assigned to philosophy as a critical and responsible form of thinking, which is capable to help a person to bear the burden of the world, to provide meanings and affirm being, as well as to unite people and resist the fundamentalist claims of exclusivity and rightness.
INTRALINGUAL TRANSLATION: A SIMPLIFIED VERSION OF THE ORIGINAL NOVEL DAVID COPPERFIELD
Authors: Hafizah Fani , Lubis Syahron , Muchtar Muhizar
Published: December 2020

The objectives of this project are to describe the intralingual translation techniques used in translating the original novel David Copperfield into a simplified version and to find out the reasons why the translator made a simplified version of the original novel David Copperfield written by Charles Dickens. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected by reading the novel, comparing the original and simplified texts of David Copperfield, identifying, classifying, counting, and concluding the results. The theory of Jakobson was used to analyze the data related to intralingual translation techniques. The results of the study showed that from the total data (20 texts from the original novel David Copperfield and 20 texts from the simplified version), the paraphrasing technique was used 6 times and the summarizing technique was used 14 times. Besides, the most dominant intralingual translation technique used by the translator is the summarizing technique. The reasons why the translator used paraphrasing and summarizing techniques in making the intralingual translation of the original novel into a simplified version were also found. Firstly, the original novel consists of 750 pages, which are easier to read by making the summary of the novel into 238 pages using the summarizing technique. Secondly, the original novel consists of many difficult words, which can hinder the comprehension of the reader whereas in the simplified version the novel was paraphrased by using the paraphrasing technique.
MORRIS’ SEMIOTIC IN RELIGION PERCEPTION AND CONCEPTION IN GANE OF POLINAKI TRADITIONAL WEDDING RITUAL IN KULAWI ETHNIC
Authors: Lestari Indah , Arafah Burhanuddin , Sahib Harlinah , Makka Mustafa
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to examine the concept of religion in Gane, a ritual speech which is still alive and practiced by Kulawi ethnic in Sigi regency, Central Sulawesi. Nowadays, Gane ritual speech is no longer in demand by most of the Kulawi ethnic, especially the educated young generation, because they have been eroded by the influence of modernization and globalization in addition to the influence of the entry of religion held by the majority of the Kulawi ethnic today and modern education. The text of Gane is obtained from a ritual speech named Polinaki which is contained in traditional wedding in Kulawi. The text is analyzed qualitatively using behavioral semiotic approach proposed by Charles Morris. Behavioral semiotic is creating a particular action or behavior to achieve a certain goal and applying syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic dimensions for analyzing a text. The results show that in syntactic dimension, Gane is a text with literary style consisting of unique characteristics in terms of structure, function, and meanings. In semantic dimension, Gane holds contextual, emotive, conative, and poetic meanings observed through its function. In pragmatic dimension, the impacts of Gane influence the perception and conception of religion.
ENGLISH SUBJECT ON ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (ESP) IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS
Authors: Fadlia Fadlia , Zulida Evi , Asra Surya , Rahmiati Rahmiati , Bania Allif Syahputra
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to analyze the English subject in two vocational schools in Kota Langsa based on English for Specific Purposes (ESP) approach and how it was implemented in the classroom. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method. The two vocational schools involved in the research are Hotel Hospitality Management and Maritime Fishing Vessel Engineering. The data were gained from the teachers and students by conducting observation, interview, Focus Group Discusssion (FGD), and document analysis of syllabus and teaching materials. The data were analyzed by comparing the real condition of teaching-learning process and the ideal condition based on ESP approach. The finding showed that the two schools used General English (GE) frequently rather than ESP on English subject. Despite the common use of GE in these two schools, they had the option to adjust their English subject into ESP standard. One school had the ESP subject called English for Maritime and another school chose Mandarin subject as the option. As a result, the school only had GE for English subject. Thus, the English subject was taught and designed as English for General Purposes rather than English for Specific Purposes.
Acute and Subacute Toxicological Study of the Aqueous Extract of the Stem Bark of Khaya Grandifoliola (Meliaceae) in Wistar Rats
Authors: Essama Mbida Désirée Sandrine , Ndji Otto Gustave Lebeau , Enow-Orock Enonchong George , Amang Perfusion , Tan Paul Vernyuy
Published: December 2020

This study was carried out to investigate the possible toxic effects of the water extract from Khaya grandifoliola stem bark in Wistar rats. The acute assay used 9 females distributed into 3 groups of 3 rats each. A control group received distilled water and the two test groups received by oral gavage a unique dose of the extract at 2000 mg/kg. In subacute assay, 60 rats both sexes were distributed into 6 groups of 10 rats each (5 males and 5 females) and received the extract by oral gavage for 28 days consecutively. The tests groups received extract at 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. The controls and satellite test groups received respectively distilled water and extract at the dose of 1000 mg/kg. Some anthropometrical, hematological and biochemical parameters were measured and histological sections of some organs were realized. LD50 was superior at 2000 mg/kg in acute assay. In subacute toxicity assay, Khaya grandifoliola stimulated the haematopoetic and immune function, showed a significant decrease of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and hypocholesterolaemic effects. Histopathology showed the presence of disturbances at the dose of 1000 mg/kg especially. K. grandifoliola stem bark could possess moderate toxicity at high doses and adequate caution should be exercised in its use in ethnomedicine.
THE PROGRESS IN HYDROGEN SAFETY RESEARCH
Authors:   Hydrogen Safety Engineering and Research Centre (HySAFER) Ulster University, Molkov V.
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the progress in hydrogen safety research which includes some of studies carried out at HySAFER Centre of Ulster University during last two years 2016-2018. The results of four studies are presented: modeling and simulation of radiation from cryogenic underexpanded jet fires; improved fire test protocol for hydrogen storage composite vessels accounting for dependence of fire resistance rating on the burner heat release rate; validation of the pressure peaking phenomenon for unignited releases and jet fires; and modeling of hydrogen tank fuelling.
ON THE ROLE OF HETEROGENEOUS PROCESSES BY COMBUSTION OF ALUMINUM NANOPOWDERS IN WATER VAPOR
Authors:   V. L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Storozhev V. B. , Yermakov A. N. ,   V. L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

The paper presents a numerical estimate of the impact of heterogeneous reactions on the combustion of aluminum nanoparticles in water vapor. The specific feature of metal combustion in oxidizing media (O2, H2O, CO2, etc.), including aluminum, is the formation of a condensed phase. Two mechanisms of formation of the condensed phase of aluminum oxide are considered: condensation of thermally unstable gas molecules Al2O3 on aluminum oxide particles; and heterogeneous reactions on their surface involving aluminum suboxides (AlO, AlO2, and Al2O2) and atomic oxygen. The influence of heterogeneous reactions on the surface of Al nanoparticles with H2 O molecules is estimated. These reactions are involved in the process of combustion initiation. It is shown that their role at initial temperatures of 2300 K and above is insignificant.
SPECIFIC IMPULSES FOR CONTINUOUS DETONATION OF METHANE/HYDROGEN-AIR MIXTURES
Authors:   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, BYKOVSKII F. A. , ZHDAN S. A. ,   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, VEDERNIKOV E. F. ,   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

Regimes of continuous spin detonation (CSD) with transverse detonation waves (TDWs) are obtained in a flow-type annular cylindrical combustor DK-500 for fuel-air mixtures (FAMs) with two compositions of the binary fuel CH4 + 8H2 and CH4 +4H2. Regimes of continuous multifront detonation (CMD) with colliding TDWs are obtained for the FAM with the CH4 + 2H2 binary fuel. These regimes are characterized by significant irregularity of the TDW structure and by a comparatively low TDW velocity. Specific impulses in continuous detonation are determined and analyzed for different compositions of the methane/hydrogen binary fuel. The maximum measured values of the specific impulse at the combustor exit are approximately 3800 s in CSD of CH4 + 8H2 and CH4 + 4H2, 3200 s in CMD of CH4 + 2H2, and 1600 s in combustion of CH4 + H2.
DEFLAGRATION-TO-DETONATION TRANSITION IN A STRATIFIED SYSTEM “GASEOUS OXYGEN-LIQUID FILM OF N-DECANE”
Authors:   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FROLOV S. M. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute),   Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences, AKSENOV V. S. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), SHAMSHIN I. O. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Scademy of Sciences,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute),   Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

Deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in the system “gaseous oxygen- liquid film of n-decane” ' with a weak ignition source was obtained experimentally. In a series of experiments with ignition by an exploding wire that generates a weak primary shock wave (SW) with a Mach number ranging from 1.03 to 1.4, the DDT with the detonation run-up distances 1 to 4 m from the ignition source and run-up time 3 ms to 1.7 s after ignition was observed in a straight smooth channel of rectangular 54 x 24-millimeter cross section, 3 and 6 m in length with one open end. The DDT is obtained for relatively thick films with a thickness of 0. 3-0.5 mm, which corresponds to very high values of the overall fuel-to-oxygen equivalence ratios of 20-40. The registered velocity of the detonation wave (DW) was 1400-1700 m/s. In a number of experiments, a high-velocity quasi-stationary detonation-like combustion front was recorded running at an average velocity of 700-1100 m/s. Its structure includes the leading SW followed by the reaction zone with a time delay of 90 to 190 s. The obtained results are important for the organization of the operation process in advanced continuous-detonation and pulsed-detonation combustors of rocket and air-breathing engines with the supply of liquid fuel in the form of a wall film.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DEFLAGRATION-TO-DETONATION TRANSITION IN A PULSED DETONATION ENGINE
Authors:   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zangiev A. E. , Ivanov V. S. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis Russian Academy of Sciences, Frolov S. M. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Scademy of Sciences,   Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis Russian Academy of Sciences,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
Published: December 2020

The air-breathing pulsed detonation engine (PDE) for an aircraft designed for a subsonic flight when operating on the products of pyrolysis of polypropylene was developed using the analytical estimates and parametric multivariant threedimensional (3D) calculations. The PDE consists of an air intake with a check valve, a fuel supply system, a prechamber-jet ignition system, and a combustion chamber with an attached detonation tube. Parametric 3D calculations allowed choosing the best length of the PDE combustor, which provides an efficient mixing of air with fuel, the best way to ignite the mixture (prechamber-jet ignition), the best location of the prechamber, the minimum length of the section with turbulizing obstacles for flame acceleration and deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT), and the best degree of filling the detonation tube with the fuel mixture to achieve the maximum completeness of combustion.
Inhibitor of protein kinases 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-chloro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylamino)-1Н-pyrrole-2,5-dione induces DNA damage and apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Finiuk N. S. ,   Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Klyuchivska O. Yu. ,   Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, Kuznietsova H. M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Vashchuk S. P. ,   Lviv Scientific Research Forensic Center of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, Rybalchenko V. K. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Stoika R. S.
Published: December 2020

Background. The heterocyclic scaffolds are in the list of key structural blocks used at synthesis of novel biologically active compounds. Materials and Methods. The present study addressed the evaluation of the mecha­nisms of the DNA damaging and pro-apoptotic actions in vitro of the maleimide derivative 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-chloro-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylamino)-1Н-pyrrole-2,5-dione (MI-1) targeting human colon carcinoma cells of HCT116 line. The Western-blot analysis was used to study changes in apoptosis-associated proteins, DNA comet assay under alkaline conditions was applied for evaluation of the DNA-damaging events, and Barton’s assay with diphenylamine was applied for measuring the level of DNA fragmentation in human colon carcinoma cells treated with MI-1 compound. Results. The results of the Western-blot analysis demonstrated that MI-1 induced the apoptosis in HCT116 cells via mitochondria-dependent pathway. It activated caspase 3 via its cleavage in the treated human colon carcinoma cells. Besides, MI-1 increased the content of mitochondria-specific proteins: endonuclease G (EndoG) and the pro-apoptotic cytosolic protein protease-activating factor 1 (Apaf1). At the same time, MI-1 reduced the level of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein in HCT116 cells. The DNA comet analysis under alkaline conditions of the targeted human colon carcinoma cells of HCT116 line demonstrated that MI-1 induced DNA single-strand breaks in line with the olive tail moment of 13.2. The results of the colorimetric diphenylamine assay in HCT116 cells have shown that cell treatment with MI-1 increased the content of fragmented DNA to 14.2 %. Conclusions. The anti-proliferative action of MI-1 in human colon carcinoma cells of HCT116 line is associated with apoptosis induction via mitochondria-dependent pathway, as well as the DNA damage through single-strand breaks and DNA fragmentation. These data suggest that the 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-chloro-4-(3-trifluoromethylpheny­l­amino)-1Н-pyrrole-2,5-dione (MI-1) might be a promising agent for suppression of growth of colon tumor cells. Keywords: 1Н-pyrrole-2,5-diones, apoptosis, Western-blot assay, comet assay, single-strand breaks, Barton’s assay, DNA fragmentation
Simone Poggi’s Neo-Latin Fables: a Jesuit in the Footsteps of Phaedrus
Authors: Miralles Maldonado José C.
Published: December 2020

The Italian Jesuit Simone Maria Poggi (1685-1749) was an outstanding member of the “Academy of Arcadia”, where he was known as Nimesius Ergaticus. He wrote ten books of Latin fables under the inspiration of Phaedrus. These apologues were published posthumously by Giuseppe Boero in 1883. In their composition, the Jesuit from Bologna used iambic senarii, the metre employed by Phaedrus, and tried to adapt the Roman fables to his time and circumstances. In this article, I will offer an overview of Poggi’s Latin fables paying special attention to his prologues, epilogues and programmatic fables, in which, following Phaedrus’ example, our poet gives many clues about his sources and literary interests along with autobiographical issues. I will focus my research on Poggi’s relationship with his predecessors and on his conception of the fable not only as a literary subgenre but also as a very useful educational tool. Summing up, my aim will be to show that Poggi’s fable collection constitutes a remarkable and curious product of Phaedrus’ influence on Neo-Latin literature in the eighteenth century.
The Satellitium sive Symbola of Joan Lluís Vives. Critical Edition with a Short Introduction
Authors: Tello Brugal Joan
Published: December 2020

The aim of this article is to present the first critical edition of Vives’s Satellitium sive Symbola, a collection of symbols or wise sayings that was first published in 1524. Along with the symbols and the commentary given by Vives, a short introduction is provided, which outlines both the circumstances of composition and the main themes. The novelty of this edition lies in the fact that the number of items has been set to 239, twenty-six more than those contained in the traditional edition published by Gregori Maians (Maiansius) in 1783.
Social capital of Muslim community as a mechanism of preventing radicalism (based on the materials of charitable projects of «Yardem» community)
Authors: Garaev D. M.
Published: December 2020

This article examines the process of Islamic charitable activities formation in the PostSoviet Russia on the example ofKazan«Yardem» Foundation. The study of this phenomenon considers two theoretical approaches where the first is the «symbolic capital of Pierre Bourdieu» and the second is the «moral economy», developed by a number of authors. In our opinion, the development of Muslim «Yardem» Foundation can serve as a textbook example of how the attitude towards economy as to a moral instrument for achieving social justice can lead to the formation of a large charity project. At the same time, charity work turns out to be a symbolic capital that receives recognition not only from the society but also from the state. Along with the formation and functioning reconstruction of «Yardem» Foundation, our study also raises the fact of how the development of Muslim charity and social work can become one of the mechanisms for preventing extremism.
Ibn-Rushd (Averroes).The Incoherence of the Incoherence. Part Two
Authors: Ibrahim T. , Efremova N. V.
Published: December 2020

(Translation from Arabic into Russian, intoduction and comments)

This series of publications is a translation of selected sections from the book «The Incoherence of the Incoherence» (Tahafut at-Tahafut) of a peripatetic philosopher Ibn Rushd (Averroes, d. 1198), written in response to the book of asharite mutakallim al-Ghazali (d. 1111)

«The Incoherence of the Philosophers» (Tahafut al-Falasifa). The first of these sections and the longest one is devoted to the question of the world’s eternity.

In this part Ibn Rushd continues examining the first of the two objections raised by al-Ghazali as the main proof for the pre-eternity of God’s creation – «from the complete cause», or, in Ghazaliane wording, «It is impossible that the temporal should proceed from the absolutely eternal». According to this objection, it is the God’s eternal will that predetermined the specific moment when the world came into being.
Psychological knowledge in Tatar theological heritage
Authors: Safiullina R. R.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of the study on how the Psychological issues were reﬂected in Tatar literature and in book-composing traditions, in textbooks and works of Tatar scientists, teachers, religious and public figures of the early 20th century. Ideological, aesthetic and artistic features of the works of Tatar literature representatives developed in accordance with Sufi traditions, with the domination and prevalence of didactic and humanistic principles. Without losing its eastern roots, which go deep into Sufi philosophical and aesthetic thought, Tatar literature in the early twentieth century becomes susceptible to the perception and creative rethinking of new, modernist experiments. Publications by Musa Bigiev, M. al-Gaffari, and others, which appeared in the early twentieth century, devoted to the problems of creating high art, in which religious ideals of Islamic society would be expressed and which would contribute to religious reform, were an important factor that played a role in the development of Tatar theoretical and literary thought in the early twentieth century, where there is a special interest in the psychological direction in Russian literature studies. At the same time, translated essays devoted to the issues of Psychology appear on the pages of Tatar periodicals; a number of educational institutions of a new type begin to teach these subjects. Some authors of tutorials seek to use language and speech techniques in their texts to inﬂuence and convey information to students, in the form of Psychological Pedagogy methods such as observation, conversation and analysis.
PREPRINT: Different target modalities improve the single-probe protocol of the response time-based Concealed Information Test
Authors: Koller Dave , Hofer Franziska , Verschuere Bruno
Published: December 2020

To detect if someone hides specific knowledge (called ‘probes’), the reaction time-based Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT) asks the examinee to classify items into two categories (targets/non-targets). Within the non-targets, slower RTs to the probes reveals recognition of concealed information. The preferred protocol examines one piece of information per test block (single probe protocol), but its validity is suboptimal. The aim of this study was to improve the validity of the single probe protocol by presenting the information in multiple modalities. In a preregistered online study (n = 388) participants were instructed to try to hide their nationality. The items referring to the nationality were presented as words, flags, and maps. Increasing the number of modalities of the targets (BF10 = 37), but not of the probes (BF01 = 6), increased the CIT-effect. This broadens the range of the RT-CIT’s applicability, which is an important step towards application in practice.