bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of the influence of colloid-hyperosmolar and protein-salt solutions on anti-inflammatory and detoxification processes in rats with burn shock
Authors: Ocheretnyuk A.O. , Kondratsky B.O. , Palamarchuk O.V. , Vashchuk V.A.
Published: October 2020

Objective. Experimentally justify the use of colloidal-hyperosmolar solution based on hydroxyethyl starch HAES-LX-5 % and protein-salt solution based on albumin Lactoprotein with sorbitol (LPS) in burn shock (BS).

Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on an experimental model of OS in white male rats. HAES-LX-5 %, LPS solution and control 0.9 % NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg/day for 7 days were used for infusion therapy. The blood leukocyte intoxication index (LII), medium weight molecules (MWM), C-reactive protein (CRP) were studied.

Results and discussion. In the conditions of experimental BS with the introduction of 0.9 % NaCl, the LII on the 7th day significantly increased by 5.37 times (p<0.01) compared with intact animals (0.887±0.108 and 0.165±0.098, respectively). This indicates the development of destructive processes and intoxication of rats in BS. When HAES-LX-5 % and LPS were administered, LII increased only 2.33 times (p<0.01) and 2.41 times (p <0.05) and was significantly lower compared to 0.9 % NaCl. In animals from the group of control pathology there was an increase in blood levels of MWM, on the 1st day by 75.6 %, on the 3rd day – by 159.5 %, and on the 7th day – by 128.0 %, respectively, compared with intact animals. A systemic inflammatory reaction was also formed, which was manifested by an increase in the level of CRP. Pharmacological correction of BS with HAES-LX-5 % and LPS solutions equally inhibited the development of endotoxicosis from the 3rd to the 7th day, which was accompanied by significant (p<0.05) decrease in the level of MWM by 36.2 % and 42.5 %, respectively, after administration of HAES-LX-5 % and by 32.9 % and 38.8 % after administration of LPS relative to control pathology. The use of solutions of HAES-LX-5 % and LPS inhibited the development of inflammation from the 3rd to the 7th day, which was accompanied by a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the level of CRP by 30.7 % and 35.0 % for HAES-LX-5 %, by 29.4 % and 32.9 % for LPS compared to control.

Conclusions. It has been experimentally shown in the model of BS that solutions HAES-LX-5 % and LPS show anti-inflammatory activity and reduce the level of endogenous intoxication, inhibiting the development of systemic stress.
Application of sorbitol-based infusion preparation for protein-protecting effect in surgery patients with middle breast cancer
Authors: Prymak S.V. , Dzis B.R. , Dzis R.P. , Novak V.L. , Dzisiv M.P. , Karpovich Ye.P. , Chaban V.Ye. , Ivasyk V.V.
Published: October 2020

Objective. To study the energy effect of infusions of the drug Sorbilact in the body of operated patients with cancer of the middle thoracic esophagus.

Materials and methods. Clinical use of the drug Sorbilact was performed in 30 operated patients with cancer of the middle thoracic esophagus (the main group). Sorbilact was administered intravenously immediately after surgery, drip at a rate of 30 drops per minute for 5 days at a dose of 800 ml per day. Plasma urea concentration was determined before infusions on the 1st day after surgery, and on days 2, 3, 5 after Sorbilact infusions. The control group – 25 operated patients – was administered 5 % glucose solution at a dose of 800.0 ml.

Results and discussion. In the first days after surgery in patients with cancer of the middle thoracic esophagus an increase in the concentration of urea in blood plasma was revealed. In the main group of operated patients after resection of the middle thoracic esophagus in repeated studies on the 2nd, 3rd, 5th day after infusions a significant decrease in the concentration of urea in blood plasma was showed. It indicates that less endogenous protein is consumed for energy purposes, and the caloric needs of the operated body are covered by intensive absorption of Sorbilact, which reduces the catabolism of internal proteins, resulting in reduced nitrogen production, which is manifested in a decrease in the concentration of urea in blood plasma and its difference. In the control group of operated patients in repeated studies on the 2nd, 3rd, 5th day after infusions an increase in plasma urea was revealed, which indicates insufficient caloric energy expenditure of the operated organism.

Conclusions. Intravenous infusions of the drug Sorbilact according to the indicator of increment of urea in blood plasma in operated patients after resection of the middle thoracic esophagus in the early postoperative period show a pronounced energy effect.
Peculiarities of pulmonary tuberculosis in a COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Todoriko L.D. , Сем’янів І.О.
Published: October 2020

Objective. To evaluate the features of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in a pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Materials and methods. Leading foreign technical sources on the course of TB during the COVID-19 pandemic have been developed.

Results and discussion. Respiratory tract infections remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases worldwide. The list of World Health Organization (WHO) priority projects for research and development at the end of December 2019 included only three pathogens: coronavirus of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), coronavirus of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), mycobacterium TB. In January 2020, SARS-CoV-2, which is the cause of COVID-19, was added to the list of priorities. On March 11, 2020, the WHO announced a pandemic of a new dangerous disease – COVID-19. The pandemic has bypassed all other health problems and has become key worldwide and continues to spread, especially in countries with a high burden of TB, including Ukraine. Modern measures for social distancing and staying at home make it difficult to implement a program to provide quality TB care. This can have serious consequences for existing and undiagnosed TB patients worldwide, in particular in low- and middle-income countries where TB is endemic and health services are poorly equipped. It will be important to ensure access to uninterrupted quality care and care for everyone with TB.

Conclusions. On average, TB detection in Ukraine decreased by 27.4 %, and the incidence of TB among children decreased by 34.5 %. These are alarming figures, because we know very well that within 6 months the number of TB patients has not decreased, they have simply stopped being diagnosed. Launched cases began to be registered more and more often, and in the conditions of strict quarantine patients – active bacterial isolates pose a threat to contact persons, especially from risk groups according to COVID-19. All of the above is a clear example of the future problem we will deal with in the coming years.
Accidental perioperative hypothermia
Authors: Sharun I.E. , Petrov V.V.
Published: October 2020

The problem of perioperative hypothermia is still relevant. There are many reasons for that. One of them: a decrease in the patient’s body temperature during the operation often goes unnoticed, or is not perceived by medical staff as a serious complication. Perioperative unintentional hypothermia is a decrease in the patient’s core body temperature <36 °C in the periods: 1 h before anesthesia, during surgery and 24 h after anesthesia. Usually a decrease in body temperature activates the hypothalamic mechanisms of thermoregulation, which provide first vasoconstriction, which reduces heat loss, and then the development of cold shivering (contractile thermogenesis) – heat production. Modern anesthetics affect the regulation of central temperature and lead to its reduction in the perioperative period. Unintentional intraoperative hypothermia accompanies many surgeries performed under general and regional anesthesia. It is perhaps the most important factor in the “triad of death” (hypovolemia, acidosis, hypothermia), which significantly increases the risk of complications, including: prolongation of the duration of action of anesthetics and muscle relaxants and the recovery period; increase in the volume of intraoperative blood loss; from the cardiovascular system complications up to fatal consequences; development of wound infection, increase in wound healing time; increasing the frequency of cold shivering, nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period. Thus, perioperative hypothermia leads to an increase in hospitalization and nosocomial mortality. An important role in the prevention and relief of perioperative hypothermia is played by the competence and motivation of the nurse to timely and effective action in all areas of the perioperative process using thermometry methods available in a specific medical institution (axillary, esophageal or tympanic), prevention of heat loss through the skin under the influence of the environment (room air temperature, operating and equipment), passive and active (convection systems) heating patients with a body temperature <36 °C, rapid thawing and heating to 37 °C of allogeneic blood components. It is especially important during emergency operations, when it is necessary to start warming and temperature monitoring in the intensive care unit of the admission department.
Psychological profile of girls with menstrual cycle disorders against hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Yurchenko I.A. , Gorbunova O.V.
Published: October 2020

Objective. To determine the correlations between different levels of anxiety and the presence of hyperprolactinemia and to study the possibilities of correcting the level of prolactin by means of complex anti-stress therapy.

Materials and methods. We conducted a survey of 94 adolescent girls during the period of the formation of menstrual function. To study the psychoemotional state of the patients, the Spielberger – Hanin anxiety scale was used.

Results and discussion. Among girls aged 14.0±1.5 years with hyperprolactinemia, the presence of acute and chronic stress was found in 92.2 % of cases. Before treatment, the proportion of high personal anxiety of girls with hyperprolactinemia was 4 times higher, and low personal anxiety was 6 times lower than of healthy girls. The proportion of high situational anxiety significantly exceeded this indicator in healthy girls, and moderate situational anxiety in girls with hyperprolactinemia was 3 times lower. The proportion of low situational anxiety in girls with hyperprolactinemia was almost 5 times lower than in healthy girls. Three months after the start of treatment, the proportion of high and moderate personal anxiety of girls with hyperprolactinemia decreased slightly, and the proportion of low personal anxiety increased significantly after the psychological correction. In contrast to personal anxiety, situational anxiety depends on living conditions, therefore, its changes were significant after anti-stress treatment.

Conclusions. Among girls aged 11-18 years with hyperprolactinemia, the acute and chronic stress was found in 92.2 % of cases, which was characterized by increased personal and situational anxiety of patients with hyperprolactinemia compared with healthy girls, indicating a direct correlation link between high levels of anxiety and the presence of hyperprolactinemia, and confirms the need for comprehensive anti-stress therapy for such girls. Stabilization of the psycho-emotional state and reduction of anxiety contributes to the normalization of hormonal homeostasis (reduction of prolactin and activation of pituitary-dependent hormonal function of the ovaries) and as a consequence of menstrual function.
E-Gov. Application Integration Design In Indonesia
Authors: Taufik Candra
Published: October 2020

Decentralization gives authority to agencies / institutions / organizations in each province to plan the creation and development of applications tailored to their needs. Data related to the development is stored in each application of the organization which is periodically reported to the respective leader of government. The development data is very necessary for decision making in the next period development planning. Transparency and accountability are the absolute requirements for reporting development data, for that it is necessary to increase the speed and accuracy of data collection, so that progress in regional development can be monitored continuously and decision making can be carried out more quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate applications from all applications found in agencies / institutions / organizations in each province.

Application integration may use various technology such as : SOAP, REST, SSO, etc. This research is aimed at studying alternative E-Gov application integration architecture that could be implemented in several government agencies / institutions / organizations. Qualitative methods are used in this study, namely by studying some related literatures to obtain alternative architectures and then create new architecture and design. With the existence of an alternative integration architectures, it is expected to facilitate the design of application integration in more detail.
Implementation Of The C4.5 Algorithm For Recruitment Of E-Sports Team Members
Authors: Efendi Akhmad , Hartanto Anggit Dwi
Published: October 2020

Fenomena E-Sport in an increasingly fast-paced world, creating a global culture ranging from international E-Sport tournaments to the birth of management that houses the competing E-Sport teams to be the best. E-Sport teams need players or gamers who have high skills, but it is not only the skill level of a player that determines the success of an E-Sport team in a tournament, there are other factors that determine the success of an E-Sport team, where factors this can be used in determining the decision to recruit players or gamers to become members of the E-Sport team. Decision support systems (DSS) is one of the systems that can be relied upon as a method to assist an organization or E-sports team management in assisting the decision-making process. One method that can be used in DSS is to use the Decision Tree C4.5 Algorithm. The solution technique is to use entropy and information gain for the expansion of decision trees. C4.5 algorithm is a decision tree-based method. In the C4.5 algorithm, the selection of attributes is done using Gain, Ratio, by finding the Entropy value. C4.5 algorithm can provide effective results in supporting a decision
Rancang Bangun SINKER (Sistem Inventori Alat-Alat Kerja) Berbasis Website
Authors: Padeli Padeli , Refauza Refauza , Awaluddin Muhammad Rizky
Published: October 2020

Information Technology plays an important and dominant role in a business or operational management process in the company. So with the development of the role of the world of Information and Technology, computer processes are used not only as data processing. but a computer can be a media of information that can be accessed at any time. The application of the inventory system provides many benefits for companies to be able to improve company performance more effectively and efficiently. In carrying out the inventory data reporting is still using office-based applications, namely Microsoft Excel, which causes results that are not optimal. Then a web-based inventory application system was built. In determining research and research design requires a method to see the development of the design and research, the methods applied include the SWOT method to identify strengths (weaknesses), weaknesses (Weakness), opportunities (Opportunities), and threats (Threat) in the system that is researched, where a website system that has been designed with PHP Framework Codeigniter as a programming language and SQL as database storage. To design an inventory application system using Unified Modeling Language (UML) as a modeling tool consisting of Use Case Diagrams, Sequence Diagrams, and Activity Diagrams. The results of the web-based work tool inventory application system are expected to provide solutions to the problems faced
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Informasi Biaya Produksi Berbasis Web Di PT.Bimasakti Karya Prima
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Juliany Irma Kurnia , Juniar Duwi Lailatul
Published: October 2020

PT.Bimasakti Karya Prima is a company engaged in manufacturing by producing "FANS Indonesia" shoes. Production is the process of converting raw materials to finished goods and adding value to a product. However, the current system is not yet fully able to help, because the making of the Consumption Sheet in the process of material detailing and the Costing process of shoes are on two devices with different operating systems, so the need to re-type the data on the Consumption Sheet in the costing process. The lack of available databases makes it difficult to update data and needs to replace one by one on each sheet. The purpose of this research is to design a web-based Production Cost Information Application, create a database in accordance with company needs that will facilitate data management production costs as well as integrating systems. The research method used is the method of data collection by observing, interviewing and studying literature. The results obtained from this study are a cost information application system that helps companies manage data. Starting from determining the specifications of components and materials for the production of shoes to the costing process.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Monitoring Laporan Inventory Control PT.Daiichi Elevator Indonesia
Authors: Aisyah Euis Sitinur , Finastika Devi , Kurniasih Nia
Published: October 2020

PT. Daiichi Elevator Indonesia is a company engaged in the sale of elevators, escalators and spare parts. PT. Daiichi Elevator Indonesia applies a single agent from the Chinese company Daiichi Seloon. In the monitoring inventory control system PT. Daiichi Elevator Indonesia. Found some weaknesses of the system such as making safety reports still running manually and not complicated so that planning and data processing is still found some input errors that occur have not been properly computerized, in accordance with the request, so it needs to be designed as a computerized system and equipped with both to produce true and accurate information. This study discusses systems that provide the latest information and provide users as admin and users in the system to input, process, and output preparations. By using the interview method, observation on the system and the PIECES analysis method to see the strength of the company to support this monitoring system also uses the PHP programming language using a database using MySQL, as well as making that is poured using UML (Unified Modeling Language) using diagrams such as use case , activity. In terms of analyzing the existing system at PT Daiichi Elevator Indonesia, it is expected that the admin will no longer make company inventory reports, because the data that will be made into inventory reports will be automatically processed and become print-ready reports through the system.
MYO'lardaki 3+1 İşbaşı Eğitimlerinin Girişimcilik Eğilimine Etkisi: PAÜ Örneği
Authors: GÜL Hasan , YÜREKLİ Emin
Published: October 2020

Meslek Yüksekokulları ülkelerin ara eleman ihtiyacını karşılamada etkin bir rol oynayan, mesleki eğitime ağırlık veren dinamik yapıları ile ön plana çıkan okullardır. Bu okullarda öğrenim gören öğrenciler kısa sürede iş hayatına atılarak öğrencilik yıllarında elde etmiş oldukları donanımları iş hayatına aktarmak ve daha kolay iş bulabilmek, daha erken ekonomik bağımsızlığa kavuşabilmek gibi bir takım önemli etkenler ile iş hayatına atılmaktadırlar. Meslek Yüksekokullarında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin okul ile sanayi arasında ilişki kurabilmeleri ve piyasanın talepleri doğrultusunda nitelikli ara eleman ihtiyacının karşılanması, bu okullarda öğrenim gören öğrencilere işyerlerinde uzun dönemli pratik yaptırılabilmesi ile mümkün olabilmektedir. Ülkemizde bazı üniversitelerde faaliyete geçen 3+1 işbaşı eğitimi modeli ile öğrenciler 3 dönem ders 1 dönem staj uygulaması ile öğrencilik yıllarında iş hayatını daha yakından tanıma imkânı bulabilmektedirler. 3+1 işbaşı eğitimi modeli ile meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin girişimcilik alanında da bir takım kazanımlar elde ettikleri düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada 3+1 işbaşı eğitimini tamamlayan öğrenciler ile 3+1 işbaşı eğitimine katılmayan öğrenciler arasında girişimcilik kazanımları karşılaştırılacaktır. Böylece işbaşı eğitimlerinin bugüne kadar incelenen işgücü piyasasının ihtiyaç duyduğu nitelikleri kazandırma performansının yanında bu çalışma ile öğrencilerin kendi işlerini kurma performansı üzerine etkisi de belirlenmiş olacaktır.
Effects of COVID19 Pandemic on Child Health and Post Pandemic Scenario in Bangladesh
Authors: Hussain Manzoor
Published: October 2020

Abstract Not Available

Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (1) :4-7
Down syndrome with Disorder of Sex development (DSD): A Rare Presentation
Authors: Sharmin Farzana , Begum Suraiya , Jahan Ismat , Parvin Roksana , Biswas Dhiraj Chandra
Published: October 2020

Down syndrome is the most common genetic disorder among live born infants, which is associated with a number of congenital malformations and requires a huge medical and social cost. Here, we report a very rare association in an infant with Down syndrome and XY disorder of sex development (DSD).

Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (1) :48-51
Predictors of Mortality in Newborn Admitted in Special Care Baby Unit (SCABU) of Dhaka Shishu Hospital
Authors: Kamal MA , Hoque Mahbubul
Published: October 2020

Background: The current neonatal mortality rate of Bangladesh is very high compared to developed countries.

Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the predictors that are associated with mortality in newborn admitted in Special Care Baby Unit (SCABU) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the SCABU of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from 1st June 2016 to 30 November 2016. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared before the study. Data were collected from the attendents of each neonate by asking questions who died at the neonatal period after hospital admission. Detail history regarding gestational age, birth weight, place of birth, person conducting delivery, mood of delivery, problem at birth, residence, reasons of referral, vehicle during transport, condition of baby at arrival, time taken during transport and need for any resuscitation was recorded. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 16.

Result: Total 970 neonates were admitted during data collection period out of them 98(10.10%) died. Majority (58.16%) of the death occurred in neonate who was admitted before 72 hours of age having gestational age <37 weeks (65.31%). Majority of the neonates were from urban area (56.12%) but from poor socioeconomic status (54.08%) and only 32.65% were on regular antenatal care. Majority were delivered by normal delivery at home and attended by TBA. Among the neonates 30.61% reached hospital only by ambulance and 64.29% were found hypothermic during admission. Majority 70(71.43%) were died within 24 hours of hospital admission. Neonatal sepsis, perinatal asphyxia and prematurity contributed majority of neonatal death.

Conclusion: Early (age <72 hours) and premature neonates, neonates from poor socioeconomic background, lack of antenatal care, home delivery, lack of facility in local areas, inadequate transport and unstable initial condition contributed majority of neonatal death. Neonatal sepsis, perinatal asphyxia and prematurity contributed most of neonatal death.

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 123-129
Role of Topiramete in Moderate to Severe Perinatal Asphyxia - A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Akther Naznin , Hossain M Monir , Jahangir Ahmed Ferdous , Kanta Shayla Imam , Masud Sayeeda Mehnaz
Published: October 2020

Background: Topiramate is an anticonvulsant drugs that has multiple mode of mechanism of action. Topiramate appears to be effective as both an anti-seizure and neuroprotective agent in animal models of newborn brain injury.

Objectives: To determine the neurological outcome of oral topiramate with moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Methods: This one year randomized controlled trial was carried out in the Neonatal ward and ICU of a tertiary care specialized hospital. A total of 64 neonate were enrolled in this study and were randomly assigned intervention group (Group-A, n=32) and control group (Group B=32). In case group oral topiramate 10mg/kg was given for 3 consecutive days along with standard treatment protocol. And control was given only standard protocol. Finally outcomes are compared.

Results: Baseline clinical characteristics, age, sex, mode of delivery, arterial pH, residence, basic status of HIE cases were matched in both groups. This study has shown significant reduction of neurological impairment in all domain (gross motor, fine motor, vision hearing, speech) at 1 and 3 months in case than control. There is also early seizure control, early initiation of feeding, short duration of hospital stay in case (treatment) than control without any side effects.

Conclusion: Early administration of topiramate to infants with moderate and severe HIE in perinatal asphyxia was very effective in controlling seizures, improving USG findings, and producing favorable neurodevelopmental outcomes at1 and 3 months of age.

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 135-140
Management of Dengue in Children: An Update
Authors: Islam Mirza Md Ziaul
Published: October 2020

Dengue viruses cause symptomatic infections or asymptomatic seroconversion. Symptomatic dengue infection is a systemic and dynamic disease. It has a wide clinical spectrum that includes both severe and non-severe clinical manifestations. Due to its dynamic nature, the severity of the disease will usually only be apparent around defervescence which often coincides with the onset of the critical phase. For a disease that is complex in its manifestations, management is relatively simple, inexpensive and very effective in saving lives, so long as correct and timely interventions are instituted. The main hemodynamic elements of dengue shock is hypovolemia with decreased vascular capacitance resulting from plasma leakage. Thus, the strategy of aggressive fluid resuscitation of septic shock is not applicable to severe dengue with plasma leakage. Volume replacement in children with dengue shock is a challenging management problem. Aggressive fluid resuscitation may indeed be harmful and should be limited to dengue shock with hypotension. There is a “narrow therapeutic index”; therefore, fluids have to be given timely, at the appropriate volume, rate, of the appropriate type (crystalloids, colloid and/or blood) and for the appropriate duration. Therein lies the challenge to physicians who are not familiar with the important practice of fluid titration through frequent and meticulous assessment. Progression of the disease through the critical phase should be tracked in hours of plasma leakage. Recognizing the cues to discontinue intravenous fluid therapy is just as important as knowing when to start it. Given time and hemodynamic stability, other issues such as thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy and raised liver enzymes will recover spontaneously or with supportive care.

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 162-178
Abstracts from current literature Vol 35(2)
Authors: Editor The
Published: October 2020

Abstract not available

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 184-186
Vanhusten oppiminen psykologisen tutkimuksen valossa
Authors: Ruth Jan-Erik
Published: October 2020

Artikkeli on katsaus vanhusten oppimista käsittelevään tutkimukseen, ja siinä kuvataan tutkimuslähtökohtien ja -menetelmien sekä tulosten kehitystä. Artikkelissa katsotaan tähänastisen oppimistutkimuksen diskriminoineen vanhuksia. Nyt tarvitaan uusia laajempia tutkimusmetodeja, jotka antavat laajempaa tietoa ihmisen koko elämänkaaren aikaisesta kehityksestä.
Ikääntymiseen liittyvät koulutustehtävät
Authors: Sihvola Tapani
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan vanhenevan väestön koulutustarpeita ja -tavoitteita. Aikuiskoulutuksen tulisi kiinnittää lisääntyvää huomiota vanheneville tarkoitettujen opiskelumahdollisuuksien tarjoamiseen, vanhusten parissa työskentelevien henkilöiden kouluttamiseen, vanhenemiseen liittyvään asennekasvatukseen sekä eläkkeellevalmennukseen.
Rauhanvakaumus ja rauhankasvatus
Authors: Arnkil Erik
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa lähestytään rauhankasvatusta psykologisten ja pedagogisten käsitteiden avulla. Pyrkimyksenä on tarkastella rauhankasvatusta persoonallisuuden kehityksen yhteydessä ja erityisesti omakohtaisen vakaumuksen muodostumiseen vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Artikkelissa hahmotetaan myös rauhankasvatuksen tehtäviä eri ikäkausina.
Aikuiskoulutuksen suunnittelun nykyvaihe
Authors: Huuhka Kosti
Published: October 2020

Artikkeli on katsaus aikuiskoulutuksen suunnittelu- ja kehittämistoimintaa, jota maassamme on harjoitettu 1970-luvun alkupuolelta lähtien. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan kehittämistoiminnan eri vaiheita, nykyisyyttä ja ennakoidaan tulevia toimia.
Korumasız Faiz Oranı Paritesinin Geçerliliği: Gelişmiş Ülkelerden Yeni Kanıtlar
Authors: ÖZBEK Sefa
Published: October 2020

Uluslararası piyasalarda artan küreselleşme ile döviz kurları ile faiz oranları arasındaki etkileşimlerin önemi artmıştır. Özellikle finansal piyasalarda sermaye hareketliliğinin davranışlarının faiz oranlarına ve ilgili ülkeler arasındaki döviz kuruna oldukça bağımlı olduğu göz önüne alındığında, para otoritelerinin ilgili makroekonomik göstergeler arasındaki ilişkileri gözeterek politika uygulamaları önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, seçilmiş 12 gelişmiş ülkenin 2002:Q1-2019:Q2 dönemi çeyreklik verileri aracılığıyla korumasız faiz oranı paritesinin geçerliliği sınanmıştır. Yatay kesit bağımlılığı altında, dinamik panel veri analizi yöntemlerinin tercih edildiği çalışmada, paneli oluşturan ülke ekonomilerinde faiz oranı ve döviz kuru arasındaki eşbütünleşme ilişkisi Westerlund ve Edgerton tarafından önerilen yapısal kırılmalı panel eşbütünleşme testi aracılığıyla test edilmiştir. Bulgular, eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığını göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan faiz oranı ve döviz kuru değişkenleri için, Emirmahmutoğlu ve Köse tarafından önerilen nedensellik sonuçları ise, döviz kurundan faiz oranına doğru tek yönlü nedenselliğin varlığına işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuç, para otoritelerinin sadece faiz oranları ile finansal piyasaları düzenleyemeyeceği göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla, faiz oranlarının nedeni olan döviz kurlarının kontrolünün önemli hale geldiği anlaşılmaktadır.
Специфическая структурно-логическая модель управления чрезвычайной ситуацией
Authors: Avramenko Oleksandr , Ilchenko Mykola , Lysychenko Kostiantyn , Farrakhov Oleksandr , Mirnenko Volodymir , Shevchenko Olga
Published: October 2020

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Работа посвящена решению одного из специфических аспектов управления чрезвычайными ситуациями террористического характера – актуальной научной проблемы современности. Для достижения поставленной цели в работе первоначально дается анализ этапов развития чрезвычайных ситуаций. Показано, что чрезвычайные ситуации это объективные (существующие независимо от отношения к ним) пространственно-временные процессы, каждый из которых условно разделяется на пять этапов, а именно: повседневного накопления негативных факторов; экстремального развития негативного фактора; катастрофического события; ликвидация последствий этого события и их отдаленных последствий. Они происходят на транспортных средствах, техногенных и природных объектах, участках территории, водных бассейнах и горах, городах и административных регионах. Вид каждой чрезвычайной ситуации привязан к определенному катастрофическому событию, которое может произойти, происходит или уже произошло. Затем рассматривается прототип – типовая структурно – логическая модель управления чрезвычайной ситуацией, которая состоит из шести блоков. Это мониторинг ситуации (сбор повседневных факторов), выявление риска (обнаружение экстремального фактора), анализ риска (прогноз и моделирование чрезвычайной ситуации), подготовка вариантов управленческих решений, принятие решения и доведение его исполнителям. Последующее воздействие на ситуацию (объект управления), через структуру исполнителей, замыкает контур управления, обеспечивая непрерывный процесс управления в интересах недопущения катастрофических событий. На основе прототипа разработана специфическая структурно-логическая модель управления чрезвычайной ситуацией террористического характера, вызванная обнаружением малогабаритного взрывного устройства. Она состоит из тринадцати блоков. Это мониторинг ситуации, выявление риска, оповещение и эвакуация людей, поиск и идентификация взрывного устройства, взрывное устройство, муляж, безопасный предмет, принятие решения на использование специального купола, подготовительные мероприятия, обезвреживание взрывного устройства, локализация последствий обезвреживания, принятие решения на возобновление и режима работы объекта, воздействие на ситуацию. Расположение блоков на десяти иерархических уровнях, соединенных логическими связями, обеспечивают сбор информации о состоянии объекта массового скопления людей через элементы системы мониторинга и воздействие на объект через систему исполнителей, обеспечивая непрерывный процесс управления в интересах минимизации последствий террористических событий.
ACTIVITY REPORT
Authors: JFFN Journal Manager
Published: October 2020

Mini Simposium dan AKSI P3FNI

Serta

Focus Group Discussion tentang Definisi dan Regulasi Pangan Fungsional

Dengan Tema

“Penguatan dan Diseminasi Pangan Fungsional untuk Kesehatan Masyarakat”

Diselenggarakan oleh

Perhimpunan Penggiat Pangan Fungsional dan Nutrasetikal Indonesia

Bekerjasama dengan

Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Yogyakarta, 17 Januari 2019
Product development of low sugar ready-to-drink (RTD) soy jelly drink
Authors: Permana Tabligh , Ramaputra Jessline , Santoso Filiana
Published: October 2020

Soymilk was processed into a nutritious jelly drink product with low sugar level to overcome the problems of current comercial jelly drink. The optimum concentration of iotacarrageenan (0.1-0.3%) was determined based on sensory evaluation and texture analysis. The preferable sweetness level (2.5-7.5%) was determined based on sensory evaluation. The optimum combination of stevia and sucrose (g/l, 0.211:45, 0.27:45, 0.579:45, 0:75) was determined based on sensory evaluation. The effect of the heating time (30-60 min) and the effect of storage temperature (4 and 25 oC) were evaluated by using product characteristic and microbial activity. Results presented in this work suggest that iota-carrageenan was more suitable to be used to produce RTD soy jelly drink than kappa-carrageenan, with 2% addition as the optimum concentration. The combination of 4.5% sucrose and 0.0579% stevia could produce less sugar RTD soy jelly drink with good sensory acceptance. Standard heating process (30 minutes) could hold the microbial activity below the maximum limit up to 21 day at 4 oC storage condition, but only has 6 hours at 25 oC storage condition. The additional heating time could hold up to about 11 hours. The heating process could increase the texture value of product, and the texture characteristic product would be changing during storage at 4 oC.
Against haute littérature? André Gide's Contribution to the World Literature Debate
Authors: Hibbitt Richard
Published: October 2020

In 1909 André Gide published three short articles in the journal La Nouvelle Revue française, subsequently grouped under the title ‘Nationalisme et littérature’ (Nationalism and literature). They were written as his response to a survey by the young French journalist Henri Clouard, ‘Enquête sur la littérature nationale’ (Survey on National Literature), in which contemporary writers and critics answered questions regarding possible definitions of French literature. Gide questions the value of the term ‘national literature’ and objects to the view that haute littérature (good literature) is synonymous with neo-Classical values, arguing instead for a conception of literature that embraces curiosity and innovation. For Gide the term haute littérature is problematic because it implies a hierarchical, regimented and limited view of both literature and culture tout court. The first part of this article argues that Gide's critique of both national literature and haute littérature can be read as a preference for a literariness that is liberated from the constraints of balance and imitation. The second part reads Gide's agronomic metaphor for literary innovation through the lens of Alexander Beecroft's theory of overlapping literary ecologies. Beecroft's model of different ecologies of world literature helps us to locate what I propose to be Gide's own contribution to the world literature debate: an emphasis on literariness that transcends the national-literature ecology and reclaims the notion of haute littérature for a different aesthetic.
Strategic Behavior of E-Commerce Businesses in Online Industry of Electronics from a Customer Perspective
Authors: Svobodová Zuzana , Rajchlová Jaroslava
Published: October 2020

The issue of online shopping behavior is gaining importance with the continued development of e-commerce. E-commerce businesses that aim to be successful in the online market in the long run must consider the factors of online shopping behavior when creating and implementing their e-commerce strategy. This paper is focused on the strategic behavior of e-commerce from a perspective of the online customer. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the strategic position of e-commerce businesses that focus on online sales of electronics, based on their strategic behavior from the customer’s perspective. The first objective is to identify the current factors of online shopping behavior in the industry of online electronics. The second obejctive is to identify the current economic performance and financial strategy of e-commerce businesses and their relevance to strategic behavior in e-commerce. The third objective is to identify the possible differences in strategic behavior of e-commerce SMEs and e-commerce large businesses. The research methods employed were: situation analysis, benchmarking, quantitative research, selected methods of financial analysis. The selected methods of statistical induction were chosen to verify the research hypotheses. A research sample of 89 e-commerce businesses selling online electronics was selected for this research. It was found that most e-commerce businesses apply a balanced e-strategy based on the assessed factors of online shopping behavior that does not correspond to the progressive growth of e-commerce. Fifteen factors were identified that influence customers when choosing and buying electronics online. It was also found that the strategic behavior of e-commerce businesses is influenced by factors of online shopping behavior. Finally, it was found that the current balanced e-strategy of e-commerce businesses does not correspond with conservative financial strategy.
Introgression of the Afila Gene into Climbing Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Checa Oscar , Rodriguez Marino , Wu Xingbo , Blair Matthew
Published: October 2020

The pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the most important crops in temperate agriculture around the world. In the tropics, highland production is also common with multiple harvests of nearly mature seeds from climbing plant types on trellises. While the leafless variant caused by the afila gene is widely used in developing row-cropped field peas in Europe, its use for trellised garden peas has not been reported. In this study we describe a pea breeding program for a high-elevation tropical environment in the Department of Nariño in Colombia, where over 16,000 hectares of the crop are produced. The most widespread climbing varieties in the region are ‘Andina’ and ‘Sindamanoy’, both of which have high-biomass architecture with abundant foliage. They are prone to many diseases, but preferred by farmers given their long production season. This plant type is expensive to trellis, with wooden posts and plastic strings used for vine staking constituting 52% of production costs. The afila trait could reduce these costs by creating interlocking plants as they do in field peas. Therefore, our goal for this research was to develop a rapid breeding method to introduce the recessive afila gene, which replaces leaves with tendrils, into the two commercial varieties used as recurrent parents (RPs) with three donor parents (DPs)—‘Dove’, ‘ILS3575′ and ‘ILS3568′—and to measure the effect on plant height (PH) and yield potential. Our hypothesis was that the afila gene would not cause linkage drag while obtaining a leafless climbing pea variety. Backcrossing was conducted without selfing for two generations and plants were selected to recover recurrent parent characteristics. Chi-square tests showed a ratio of 15 normal leaved to one afila leaved in the BC2F2 plants, and 31:1 in the BC3F2 generation. Selecting in the last of these generations permitted a discovery of tall climbing plants that were similar to those preferred commercially, but with the stable leafless afila. The method saved two seasons compared to the traditional method of progeny testing before each backcross cycle; the peas reached the BC2F2 generation in five seasons and the BC3F2 in seven seasons. This is advantageous with trellised peas that normally require half a year to reach maturity. Leafless garden peas containing the afila gene were of the same height as recurrent parents and, by the third backcross, were equally productive, without the high biomass found in the traditional donor varieties. The value of the afila gene and the direct backcrossing scheme is discussed in terms of garden pea improvement and crop breeding.
Techno-Economic Study of Castor Oil Crop Biorefinery: Production of Biodiesel without Fossil-Based Methanol and Lignoethanol Improved by Alkali Pretreatment
Authors: Rahimi Vajiheh , Shafiei Marzieh , Karimi Keikhosro
Published: October 2020

Castor, a non-edible oil crop that flourishes even under extreme cultivation conditions, can be cultivated in wastewater with a lower cultivation cost than similar plants, e.g., rapeseed and soybean. This plant, containing seeds and lignocellulosic residues, has a promising perspective for biofuel production. The oil extracted from the seeds is inexpensive and can be efficiently converted to biodiesel, while the lignocellulosic parts are suitable for ethanol production after pretreatment with NaOH. Biodiesel typically produced from the fossil-based methanol; however, it can also be produced from the ethanol. In this study, ethanol used for biodiesel production is produced from the lignocellulosic residues (scenario 1), which are more sustainable and environmentally friendly; the process was compared with that of the methanol (scenario 2). In this study, techno-economic analyses were used to compare the technical and economic aspects of producing biodiesel from methanol and the produced ethanol. Simulations of the processes were carried out by Aspen plus software, and economic studies were conducted by Aspen Economic Analyzer. The prices of produced ethanol as a byproduct in scenarios 1 and 2 were USD 0.701 and 0.693 per liter, respectively, which are greater than that of gasoline. The prices of biodiesel produced as a primary product for scenarios 1 and 2 are USD 0.410 and 0.323/L, lower than the price of diesel in the Middle East region. The profitability indices for scenarios 1 and 2 are 1.29 and 1.41, respectively. Therefore, despite environmental benefits, the biorefinery based on producing biodiesel from methanol is more economically feasible than that produced from ethanol.
Pulmonary Sequestration Associated with Actinomycosis: A Case Report
Authors: Chaves Juan José , Polo Nieto Fernando , Gómez-Gómez María , Fierro Rodríguez Diana , García-Concha Daniel , Parra-Medina Rafael
Published: October 2020

Background: Bronchopulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital malformation of the lower respiratory tract; it consists of a nonfunctioning mass of lung tissue that is irrigated by an anomalous systemic artery. The association with Actinomyces superinfection has not been well established. Methods: We present the case of a 35-year-old woman with a history of recurrent episodes of pneumonia. Based on radiological and histopathological examination, she was diagnosed with intralobar bronchopulmonary sequestration associated with Actinomyces infection. Promoting clinical suspicion is essential to diagnose pulmonary actinomycosis in patients with recurrent pneumonia, to improve early recognition and timely management.
Bioaccessible Raspberry Extracts Enriched in Ellagitannins and Ellagic Acid Derivatives Have Anti-Neuroinflammatory Properties
Authors: Garcia Gonçalo , Pais Teresa Faria , Pinto Paula , Dobson Gary , McDougall Gordon J. , Stewart Derek , Santos Cláudia Nunes
Published: October 2020

Chronic neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative disorders has been reported to be prevented by dietary components. Particularly, dietary (poly)phenols have been identified as having anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions, and their ingestion is considered a major preventive factor for such disorders. To assess the relation between (poly)phenol classes and their bioactivity, we used five different raspberry genotypes, which were markedly different in their (poly)phenol profiles within a similar matrix. In addition, gastro-intestinal bio-accessible fractions were produced, which simulate the (poly)phenol metabolites that may be absorbed after digestion, and evaluated for anti-inflammatory potential using LPS-stimulated microglia. Interestingly, the fraction from genotype 2J19 enriched in ellagitannins, their degradation products and ellagic acid, attenuated pro-inflammatory markers and mediators CD40, NO, TNF-α, and intracellular superoxide via NF-κB, MAPK and NFAT pathways. Importantly, it also increased the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. These effects contrasted with fractions richer in anthocyanins, suggesting that ellagitannins and its derivatives are major anti-inflammatory (poly)phenols and promising compounds to alleviate neuroinflammation
Electrochemical (Bio)Sensing of Maple Syrup Urine Disease Biomarkers Pointing to Early Diagnosis: A Review
Authors: Karastogianni Sophia , Girousi Stella
Published: October 2020

Metabolic errors are inherited diseases, where genetic defects prevent a metabolic path, ending up in enzyme malfunction. In correspondence to its remaining or plenitude fall of enzymatic potency, there is an amassment of dangerous metabolites near the metabolic bar and/or a dearth of necessary products, inducing a certain disease. These metabolic errors may include deviations such as point mutations, expunctions or interferences, or further complicated genomic disorders. Based on these facts, maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a scarce metabolic disease, generated by huge concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (b AAs), i.e., leucine, isoleucine, and valine. In this situation, these large amounts of b AAs provoke abnormalities such as liver failure, neurocognitive dysfunctions, and probably death. To overpass those problems, it is crucial to implement a timely and agile diagnosis at the early stages of life in view of their immutable consequence on neonates. Thus, this review will describe MSUD and b AAs analysis based on electrochemical (bio)sensing.