bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
حول الجبر- ρ\δ المفرط
Authors: Kaseb Marwah Abdulridha , Hamzah Zainab Abdulameer
Published: September 2023

في هذا العمل تم تعريف مفاهيم جديدة للبنية الجبرية مثل الجبر- ρ\δ المفرط و درست مفاهيم الجبر الجزئي و المثالي مثل الجبر الجزئي- ρ\δ المفرط و الجبر المثالي- ρ\δ المفرط  و الجبر المثالي-  المفرط. وقد تم تقديم هذه المفاهيم باستخدام العملية المفرطة * على المجموعة غير الخالية ¥. مع اعطاء بعض المبرهنات و الامثلة لتوضيح هذه المفاهيم بالإضافة الى مناقشة العلاقة بينها.
On α ̌–φ ̆-Fuzzy Contractive Mapping in Fuzzy Normed Space
Authors: Sabri Raghad I. , Ahmed Buthainah A. A.
Published: September 2023

تمثل فكرة النقاط الصامدة إحدى أقوى الأدوات الرياضية. الغرض الرئيسي من هذه الورقة هو تقديم نوع جديد من دالة الانكماش الضبابي في فضاء معياري ضبابي وهي "الدالة الانكماشية الضبابية ". نثبت بعض نتائج النقطه الصامدة لهذه الداله في سياق الفضاء المعياري الضبابي باستخدام الخاصية  المثلثية للمعيار الضبابي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، في ظل ظروف محددة ، تم إثبات بعض النتائج الأخرى لهذا النوع من الدالة. أخيرًا ، يتم تقديم مثال لإظهار فائدة النتائج.
Snail Shell (Rostellariella) as a Low Cost Adsorbent for Safranine Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zwier Fatima Basim , Al-Da'amy Muneer A. , Kareem Eman Talib
Published: September 2023

في هذا البحث ، تم استخدام مسحوق قشرة الحلزون كمادة مازة لصبغة السفرانين بسبب تكلفته المنخفضة وكفاءته العالية وكذلك قدرته العالية على الامتصاص. أجريت التجارب في درجة حرارة 298 كلفن لمعرفة تأثير الأس الهيدروجيني ،الوزن ،القوة الأيونية، زمن التوازن ودرجة الحرارة. كما تم تنفيذ أفضل الظروف لامتزاز صبغة السفرانين بوزن 0.0200 جم من مسحوق قشرة الحلزون. كانت نسبة الإزالة 96.09٪ بتركيز 9.0000 ملجم / لتر و 20 دقيقة كوقت اتزان عند درجة الحرارة 298 كلفن. الهدف من الدراسة هو تحليل ايزوثيرم متساوي درجة حرارة . تم تحليل البيانات التي تم جمعها من التجارب وفق نماذج الامتزاز الثلاثة: Langmuir و Temkin و Freundlich. كانت البيانات مناسبة لتساوي درجة حرارة Freundlich. توضح المعلومات الديناميكية الحرارية المحسوبة للعملية أن عملية الإزالة تحدث من خلال التبادل النشط للجزيئات العشوائية.
Explaining the photometric and spectroscopic properties of The Sip-39 galaxy pair
Authors: Al-baqir Haydar R. , Ahmed Abdullah K.
Published: September 2023

تمت دراسة  الزوج المجري  Sip-39 باستخدام طرق القياس الضوئي والطيفي. البيانات الرصدية اخذت من اصدار البيانات السابع عشر (DR17) من "Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)"  وتمت عمل ال fitting لصور المجرتين باستخدام برنامج (IRAF)  من  خلال المكتبةSTSDAS   باستخدام  ELLIPS task.تم دراسة وحساب كل من اللمعان السطحي  للمجرتين في الزوج ، بالإضافة إلى الانبعاث الكلي ، وشكل القطع الناقص ، وزوايا انحراف المحور الكبير، الانحرافات العمودية والأفقية ، ومعاملات كيرشوف للشكل  (B4)، والاقدار ، ومعدلات تشكل النجوم (SFR) ، بالإضافة إلى خواص القياسات الفلكية للزوج ، حيث ظهر من خلال تحليل البيانات أن زوج Sip-39 هو قريب مع علامات تفاعل واضحة ، ويعتبر نظامًا فيزيائيا مع معدلات محسنة ل  .SFR
Effect of Different Parameters on Powell-Eyring Fluid Peristaltic Flow with the Influence of a Rotation and Heat Transform in an Inclined Asymmetric Channel
Authors: Ibraheem Rana Ghazi , Hummady Liqaa Zeki
Published: September 2023

في هذه المقالة ، يتم فحص تأثير متغير الدوران والمتغيرات الأخرى على التدفق التمعجي لسائل Powell-Eyring في قناة غير متماثلة مائلة مع مجال مغناطيسي مائل عبر وسط مسامي مع نقل الحرارة. يُفترض الطول الموجي الطويل وعدد رينولدز المنخفض ، حيث يتم استخدام نهج الاضطراب لحل المعادلات الحاكمة غير الخطية في نظام الإحداثيات الديكارتية لإنتاج حلول متسلسلة. يتم التعبير عن توزيعات السرعة وتدرجات الضغط رياضيًا. من خلال جمع الأرقام ، يتم شرح تأثير المعايير المختلفة وتمثيلها بيانياً. تم الحصول على هذه النتائج العددية باستخدام التطبيق الرياضي MATHEMATICA.
Conducting Polyanethole /Metals Oxides Nanocomposites for Corrosion Protection and Bioactivity
Authors: Alqudsi Ayat Monther , Saleh Khulood Abid
Published: September 2023

للتأكل اهمية كبيرة للباحث بسبب تأثيره الكبير على سلامة الناس واقتصادهم بشكل مباشر. ولحماية معدن الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ نوع 304L بأستخدام عملية البلمرة الكهربائية لتخليق بوليمرات موصلة ومن ثم تحسينها بـأستخدام مواد نانوية.تم تخليق بوليمر الانيثول كهربائيا على شكل طبقة طلاء لسبائك الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ ومن ثم اجراء الفحوصات المختبرية من التشخيص بتقنية الاشعة تحت الحمراء ومطيافية القوة الذرية للبوليمر المحضر لوحده مرة ومع الاكاسيد النانوية مرة اخرى.النتائج بينت تقليل كثافة تيار التأكل بعد تخليق الطلاء على السبيكة مما لو كانت السبيكة لوحدها وان نسبة الحماية قد ارتفعت من 71% للبولي انيثول  الى 87% بأستخدام TiO2  والى 98% بأستخدام ZnO. كذلك تم حساب الدوال او المعاملات الحركية والثرموديناميكية (Ea, A, ∆H, ∆S, ∆G ) لعملية التأكل.تضمن البحث دراسة الفعالية البايولوجية للبوليمر المحضر ضد سلالات البكتريا وهي المكورات العنقودية الذهبية والاشريكية القولونية بوجود وعدم وجود المواد النانوية لزيادة كفاءة الطبقة البوليمرية ضد التأكل والبكتريا.
A New Visible Spectrophotometric Approach for Determination of Methyldopa in Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Fadhel Sahar Rihan , Kaddouri Rusul Mazin
Published: September 2023

الهدف من البحث هو تطوير طريقة طيفية جديدة لتقدير عقار الميثيل دوبا  بشكليه النقي والصيدلاني تعتمد الطريقة المقترحة على التفاعل  بين المثيل دوبا و كاشف الانسدين بوجود نيتروبروسيد البوتاسيوم وهيدروكسيد الصوديوم لتكوين ناتج ملون تم دراسة تأثير العديد من العوامل المؤثرة على ناتج التفاعل تتضمن تركيز الكاشف و زمن التفاعل و استقرارية  الناتج الملون مع ضبط هذه العوامل. متابعة التفاعل تمت بقياس الامتصاص عند 597 نانومتر للناتج الملون. في مدى من التركيز من (0.50 إلى 80.0) ميكروغرام.مل -1 كانت حساسية ساندل 0.0218 مايكروغرام.سم-1 و حد الكشف 0.0353 مايكروغرام.مل-1  و الحد الكمي 0.2691 مايكروغرام.مل-1. تم تطبيق الطريقة المقترحة بنجاح لتقدير المثيل دوبا في المستحضرات الصيدلانية.
Differentiation of the Bazhenov Formation Bitumoids in the North-Surgut Region during Generation and Migration
Authors: Sotnich I.S. , Kostyreva E.A. , Rodyakin S.V. , Ryzhkova S.V. , Kontorovich A.E.
Published: September 2023

—The Bazhenov Formation of the Western Siberian oil-and-gas province is currently one of the key objects of potential growth in oil reserves and production. Here we present results of a geochemical study of the Bazhenov Formation according to the methodology developed at Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk (IPGG SB RAS) for rocks highly enriched in organic matter. The features of the group and hydrocarbon compositions of the bitumoids that are filling open and closed pores of the Bazhenov Formation rocks from the North-Surgut region were considered. It has been established that most of the naphthides are in a free (phase-segregated) or sorbed state in a closed pore space. The open pores contain the most mobile components of bitumoids, redistributed from closed pores during the primary migration and remained after the secondary migration of naphtides from the Bazhenov Formation to the Berriasian–lower Aptian reservoirs (A and B strata groups). The methodology used in this work allows determining intervals with increased open porosity and oil saturation in the section of the Bazhenov Formation (silicites and carbonates) by the volume of pore space occupied by open-pore bitumoids.
An Atomically Tailored Chiral Magnet with Small Skyrmions at Room Temperature
Authors: Kawakami Roland , Liu Tao , Selcu Camelia , Wang Binbin , Bagués Núria , Wu Po-Kuan , Hartnett Timothy , Cheng Shuyu , Pelekhov Denis , Bennett Roland , Corbett Joseph , Repicky Jacob , McCullian Brendan , Hammel Peter , Gupta Jay , Randeria Mohit , Balachandran Prasanna V. , McComb David
Published: September 2023

Creating materials that do not exist in nature can lead to breakthroughs in science and technology. Magnetic skyrmions are topological excitations that have attracted great attention recently for their potential applications in low power, ultrahigh density memory. A major challenge has been to find materials that meet the dual requirement of small skyrmions stable at room temperature. Here we meet both these goals by developing epitaxial FeGe films with excess Fe using atomic layer molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) far from thermal equilibrium. Our novel atomic layer design permits the incorporation of 20% excess Fe while maintaining a non-centrosymmetric crystal structure supported by theoretical calculations and necessary for stabilizing skyrmions. We show that the Curie temperature is well above room temperature, and that the skyrmions have sizes down to 15 nm as imaged by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The presence of skyrmions coincides with a topological Hall effect-like resistivity. Our results illustrate new avenues for creating artificial materials tailored at the atomic scale that can impact nanotechnology.
Comparing access to urban parks across six OECD countries
Authors: Kaufmann Talia , Vispute Swapnil , Kansal Mansi , O'Brien Daniel , Shekel Tomer , Gabrilovich Evgeniy , Wellenius Gregory , Veneri Paolo , DIJKSTRA Lewis
Published: September 2023

Access to parks by urban residents has been associated with higher mental and physical health, social capital, community cohesion, and quality of life. Universal access to safe, inclusive, and accessible green and public spaces in cities and communities has been identified as a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 11) by the United Nations.
To advance and measure progress towards this goal, policymakers require data-driven metrics to quantify access to parks to benchmark their performance and support decisions for resource allocation. However, there are currently no updated, comprehensive and fine-grained datasets on parks that enable large scale comparisons across cities and countries over time.
This work leverages globally consistent data on parks from Google Maps, in combination with the computational power of Google Maps Directions API to quantify accessibility to parks across 496 cities in 6 countries. We combined high resolution population data from WorldPop with parks data and navigation estimates to measure: (1) Fraction of the population with access to parks within a 10-minute walk; and (2) the median walking time to the closest park. We find large differences in access to parks between countries, as well as large variability across countries, cities, and commuting zones. To demonstrate how this framework can support cross country comparisons and efforts to track progress towards SDG11, we explore the relationship between access to parks and income in selected countries, finding that the median walking time to a park is shorter for residents of low income neighborhoods both in French and American metro areas.
A bibliometric analysis of the association between microbiome and glaucoma
Authors: Huang Jufang , Ullah Zakir , Tao Yuanyuan
Published: September 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Views of children and young adults about Whole Genome Sequencing in Newborn Screening: A qualitative study
Authors: Ulph Fiona , Parfett Molly , Johnson Faye , Bennett Rebecca
Published: September 2023

Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) in newborn screening is ethically complex. We explored the views of young adults and 11–15 year olds to understand the views of the next generation of parents and those approaching the age at which they could be asked to reconsent to the storage of their genomes. This two-phase UK study involved: a secondary data analysis of focus groups with young adults; a diary and focus group study with children with CF. Diaries were analysed using content analysis, focus group data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Diaries illustrated how children formed genomic knowledge and their salient questions. Participants broadly supported WGS-NBS, but this is driven by a belief that all results improve health. Pre-study knowledge was sometimes correct, other-times it drew on vicarious ideas which could cause distress. Children showed an ability to appreciate the complexity of deciding which results should be returned. Focus groups: All participants counterbalanced the benefits and risks of WGS-NBS. Children demonstrated innate trust in doctors, whereas young adults wanted parent-doctor collaboration in decision-making around WGS. Young adults conditional supported WGS-NBS depending on factors including treatability and consent. Although children want parents to be informed of all results and value knowledge of conditions, they too valued informed choice. More research is needed to understand healthy children’s views. Although small samples this work provides insight into the understanding and concerns of young adults and children which could help when trying to discuss this topic with them.
Agreement of ejection fraction measured by coronary CT and cardiac ultrasound in evaluating patients with chronic heart failure: an observational clinical study
Authors: Wang Heyang , Zhou Qijing , Lu Wei , Dong Liang , Sun Yong , Jiang Jun , Leng Xiaochang , Liu Yabin , Xiang Jianping , Li Changling
Published: September 2023

Purpose:This study was dedicated to investigating the agreement of ejection fraction between coronary CT and cardiac ultrasound and specificity in evaluating the clinical prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure.
Methods:We conducted a single-center-based retrospective study including 321 patients. All enrolled cases included cardiac ultrasound and coronary CT imaging sequences. The CT images were analyzed using AccuLV artificial intelligence software to calculate the ejection fraction (EF-CT) and compare it with the ejection fraction obtained based on ultrasound (EF). Cardiac insufficiency was determined if the ejection fraction measured by ultrasound was below 50%. Quantitative and qualitative statistical analysis will be performed between EF-CT and EF.
Results: Of 319 successfully performed patients, excellent agreement between EF-CT and EF was found in quantitative comparisons and qualitative analysis. Quantitative consistency analysis showed a good correlation between EF-CT and EF values in all cases (R square=0.704, r=0.837). The results of the qualitative diagnostic study showed that the sensitivity and specificity of EF measured by coronary CT had reached a high level of more than 90%, and the positive diagnostic value was up to 96%.
Conclusion:The EF-CT and EF have excellent consistency, and AccuLV-based artificial intelligence left ventricular function analysis software can meet the needs of clinical diagnosis and prognostic use.
Terminal Unfolded Protein Responses-related genes predict prognosis and associate with proliferation and apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Deng Tuo , Yang Riwei , Liang Leqi , Ao Shan , Chen Zugen , Chen Zude
Published: September 2023

Terminal unfolded protein response (TUPR), a self-destruct mechanism of cells, initiates when irreversible endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) occurs and causes cell apoptosis. Current studies have shown that TUPR lead apoptosis in carcinoma, which plays an indispensable role in development of tumors. However, understanding the specific role of TUPR in ccRCC cells is important for the treatment of tumors.Based on 9 TUPR-associated genes, clusters of ccRCC patients were identified by unsupervised clustering. Prognostic models were constructed by LASSO regression and multivariate cox regression. Tunicamycin (Tm) was used to induce TUPR in ccRCC cells, and the gene expression, proliferation, and apoptosis of ccRCC cells under TUPR were investigated by RT-qPCR, EdU and immunofluorescence staining respectively. Our results show that ccRCC patients were distinguished into two clusters with various signatures. We confirmed that the TUPR-related prognostic model had a good predictive ability. 12 hours-Tm treatment induced TUPR in ccRCC cells and inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Silencing STT3B increased the sensitivity, inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of ccRCC cells. Taken together, TUPR-associated genes were significantly correlated with clinical features of ccRCC patients, and were involved in ccRCC proliferation and apoptosis, which may become a new treatment option. STT3B may serve as a promising ccRCC therapeutic target.
Onsite Early Prediction of Peak Amplitudes of Ground Motion Using Multi-scale STFT Spectrogram
Authors: Hsu Ting-Yu , Liu Kuan-Lin
Published: September 2023

On-site earthquake early warning (EEW) techniques, relying on single-station seismic wave measurements, have demonstrated efficacy in mitigating damage caused by destructive earthquakes. Traditionally, these methods leverage diverse P-wave attributes from the initial seismic wave seconds subsequent to the trigger event to estimate earthquake intensity and potential harm. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNN), have introduced several approaches for predicting peak ground amplitudes in EEW, yielding promising outcomes. In this study, we propose employing a multi-scale short-time frequency transform spectrogram as the input for a CNN prediction model to enable early on-site estimation of peak ground acceleration, velocity, and displacement. We evaluate the predictive accuracy for earthquakes containing low-frequency components and contrast the results against alternative methods utilizing wavelet packet transform spectrogram and a combined input of time history and Fourier spectrum. Our findings indicate reduced errors in the predicted peak ground motion amplitudes using the proposed methodology, particularly in relation to peak ground velocity and displacement, as compared to the alternative approaches investigated.
Perioperative efficacy and safety of nerve blocks in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery:A single-centre randomized trial
Authors: Han Yu , Jiang Peng , Wu Jin , Chen Li , Jing Zhaojun , Zeng Rui , Dai Lei
Published: September 2023

Objective
As patient comfort is important, the importance of preventive analgesia is increasing. This trial was conducted to explore the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block for elderly patients in the perioperative period of hip surgery.
Methods
Patients who planned to undergo hip surgery were randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received an ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block one day before surgery. The pain score, sleep quality, inflammatory indexes and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
Results
We conducted a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial. Patients who planned to undergo hip surgery were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. A total of 83 patients were included in the trial. The NRS score of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 4 h after nerve block and in the knee-thoracic position under anaesthesia (P < 0.05). The sleep quality of the two groups was significantly better on the day of surgery and postoperative day 1 and 2 days than that before surgery (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block for preventive analgesia in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery can effectively relieve acute pain, reduce pain associated with position change under anaesthesia, improve sleep quality during the perioperative period, and avoid increasing inflammatory stress or the incidence of adverse reactions.
Trial registration:
Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2100050537. Full date of the first registration: 28/08/2021.
Moderate-coherence sensing with optical cavities: ultra-high accuracy meets ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range
Authors: Dickmann Johannes , Neto Liam Shelling , Sauer Steffen , Kroker Stefanie
Published: September 2023

Interferometric sensors, renowned for their exceptional accuracy, leverage the wave properties of coherent electromagnetic radiation. The periodicity of the measurement signal often critically limits the measurement range of sensors utilizing interferometry. This contribution introduces a cavity-based interferometry concept that capitalizes on a laser with moderate coherence, thereby combining ultra-high accuracy with ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range. To this end mid-fringe detection is combined with measurements of the interferometric visibility. We present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach exemplarily for length sensing. Notably, our system achieves an accuracy of 1 nm with a measurement range of 120 μm (0.00083%) and a bandwidth ranging from 0 Hz to 20 kHz. These findings pave the way for advancements in high-precision sensing applications that demand simultaneous accuracy, measurement range and bandwidth.
Network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the role and potential mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction in prostate cancer
Authors: Zhan Xiangyang , Zhai Xinyu , Li Haoze , Ju Xiran , Jv Guanqun , Chen Xinglin , Jin Jingyun , Hu Yonghong , Yuan Fuwen , Gu Jianyi , Xu DongLiang
Published: September 2023

Objective To evaluate the anti-tumor effector of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction (LWDHD) in prostate cancer (PCa) and explore the potential mechanism using experimental validation, network pharmacology, bioinformatics analysis, and molecular docking.Methods CCK test and wound-healing assays were used to determine the effect of LWDHD on prostate cancer growth and metastasis. The active components and targets of LWDHD were obtained from the TCMSP database, and the relevant targets were selected by GeneCards, OMIM and Disgenet databases for PC. The cross-targets of drugs and diseases were imported into the STRING database to construct protein interactions. The network is also visualized using Cytoscape software and core targets are screened using the Network Analyzer plug-in. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were analyzed using R language, genome, and genome. TCGA database was used to analyze the correlation of bioinformatics genes. AutoDock vina was used to predict the molecular docking and binding ability of active ingredients to key targets.Results CCK and scratch tests confirmed that LWDHD could inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells. LWDHD and Pca had a total of 99 common targets, establishing a "drug-ingredient-common target" network. Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, TP53 pathway, MYC, TNF pathway and other signaling pathways were found. Bioinformatics analysis showed that MYC gene was highly expressed and CCND1 and MAPK1 were low expressed in prostate cancer tissues. In addition, TP53, AKT1, MYC, TNF and CCND1 were positively correlated with MAPK1, among which AKT1 and CCND1 were most closely correlated with MAPK1. Molecular docking results showed that quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol and other main active components of LWDHD treatment for prostate cancer were well combined with core proteins MAPK1 and AKT1.Conclusion The mechanism of LWDHD therapy for PCa is a multi-target and multi-pathway complex process, which may be related to the biological processes mediated by MAPK1 and AKT1 pathways, such as cell proliferation and inhibition of metastasis, and the regulation of signaling pathways.
Chemical Eye Injuries: A 10 year retrospective review of acute presentations and clinical outcomes in Auckland, New Zealand
Authors: Allen Natalie , Crawford Alexandra , McGhee Charles , Meyer Jay
Published: September 2023

Objective
To assess the aetiologies, clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes of acute chemical injuries treated at an emergency eye clinic.
Methods
Retrospective, observational study of all cases of chemical eye injury that presented acutely to the Greenlane Clinical Centre in Auckland, New Zealand from 1 January 2012 through 31 December 2021. Patient demographics, activity at time of injury, causative chemical, clinical characteristics of injury at presentation, severity (Dua) classification, admission and discharge best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), treatment regimen, time to epithelisation and number of follow up appointments were recorded.
Results
In total, 1522 cases involving 1919 eyes were studied. The mean age was 40.6±18.8 years and 65% were male. The majority of cases occurred at home (62%) and cleaning was the most common activity (38%). There were 1490 Grade I (98%), 22 Grade II (1.5%), 5 Grade III (0.3%), 1 Grade IV (0.07%), 0 grade V, and 4 Grade VI (0.3%) cases. An epithelial defect was noted in 409 cases (26.9%), of which re-epithelialisation occurred within one week for 378 cases (92%) and within 30 days for 384 cases (94%). Moderate vision loss (BCVA ≤ 6/12) attributed to the injury occurred in 152(10%), while severe vision loss (BCVA ≤ 6/60) occurred in 30(2%). Approximately 70% of moderate and severe injuries had no ocular irrigation at the scene.
Conclusions
Most acute chemical injuries are mild with good clinical outcomes. Although rare, severe injuries are associated with a lack of irrigation at the scene and lack of adequate eye protection.
Effects of individualized physiotherapeutic interventions on functioning and health in postpartum women who have suffered a levator ani muscle injury. A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Montejo Rocio , Hermansson Jonas , Nilsson Annelie , Arkel Elisabeth , Keller Lisa , Gutke Annelie
Published: September 2023

Background
The levator ani muscle (LAM) has a central role in pelvic organ support and maintaining urinary and fecal continence. It is unclear if women with levator ani muscle injuries (LAI) due to vaginal delivery respond to pelvic floor muscle physiotherapy. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) will evaluate an individualized physiotherapy program in primiparous women, who have known risk factors for LAI, after simplex vaginal delivery.
Methods
This pilot RCT is currently recruiting at three hospitals in the Västra Götaland County in Sweden (expected enrollment n = 78). The main objective is to demonstrate clinical trial feasibility, including the feasibility and acceptability of randomizing the intervention and collection of outcome measures. Women with LAI diagnosed based on three-dimensional (3D) transperineal ultrasound 10–12 weeks after delivery will be randomized to receive individualized physiotherapy (intervention) or standard care (control). Women without LAI will comprise a third arm. Individualized physiotherapy will be tailored based on patient needs, clinical findings, and symptoms starting at 3 months postpartum to approximately 1 year. Standard care will follow regional postpartum guidelines. The study will evaluate pelvic floor muscle morphometry by 3D transperineal ultrasound and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification Examination (POP-Q) at 3 and 12 months. Patient-reported urogynecological symptoms, sexual function, and fear-avoidance beliefs will be assessed using validated questionnaires at 3, 6, and 12 months.
Discussion
Individualized pelvic floor physiotherapy regimens have the potential to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life of women with LAI, which have a considerable personal, societal, and health economic impact. The findings of the study will serve as the basis for a larger-scale multicenter RCT.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, Unique Protocol ID: 278806, NCT05617092, on November 15, 2022.
Spectral stability of V2-centres in sub-micron
4H-SiC membranes
Authors: Körber Jonathan , Heiler Jonah , Hesselmeier Erik , Kuna Pierre , Stöhr Rainer , Fuchs Philipp , Ghezellou Misagh , Ul-Hassan Jawad , Knolle Wolfgang , Becher Christoph , Kaiser Florian , Wrachtrup Jörg
Published: September 2023

Colour centres in silicon carbide emerge as a promising semiconductor quantum technology platform with excellent
spin-optical coherences. However, recent efforts towards maximising the photonic efficiency via integration into
nanophotonic structures proved to be challenging due to reduced spectral stabilities. Here, we provide a large-scale
systematic investigation on silicon vacancy centres in thin silicon carbide membranes with thicknesses down to 0.25 μm.
Our membrane fabrication process involves a combination of chemical mechanical polishing, reactive ion etching, and
subsequent annealing. This leads to highly reproducible membranes with roughness values of 3–4 Å, as well as negligible
surface fluorescence. We find that silicon vacancy centres show close-to lifetime limited optical linewidths with
almost no signs of spectral wandering down to membrane thicknesses of ∼0.7 μm. For silicon vacancy centres in thinner
membranes down to 0.25 μm, we observe spectral wandering, however, optical linewidths remain below 200 MHz,
which is compatible with spin-selective excitation schemes. Our work clearly shows that silicon vacancy centres can
be integrated into sub-micron silicon carbide membranes, which opens the avenue towards obtaining the necessary
improvements in photon extraction efficiency based on nanophotonic structuring.
Upregulation of HOXA3 by Isoform-Specific Wilms Tumor 1 Drives Chemotherapy Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zhang Haijiao , Chen Reid , Allen Basil , Ryabinin Peter , Bottomly Daniel , Savoy Lindsey , Goff Bonnie , Wang Anthony , McWheeney Shannon
Published: September 2023

Upregulation of the Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1) gene is common in acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with poor prognosis. WT1 produces 12 primary transcripts through different translation initiation sites and alternative splicing. We found that overexpression of short WT1 transcripts lacking exon 5 with and without the KTS motif (sWT1+/- and sWT1-/-) led to reduced cell growth. However, only sWT1+/- resulted in decreased CD71 expression, G1 arrest, and cytarabine resistance. Primary AML patient cells with low CD71 expression exhibit relative resistance to cytarabine, suggesting that CD71 may serve as a potential biomarker for chemotherapy. RNAseq differential gene expression analysis identified two transcription factors, HOXA3 and GATA2, that are specifically upregulated in sWT1+/- cells. Overexpression of either HOXA3 or GATA2 reproduced the effects of sWT1+/-, including decreased cell growth, G1 arrest, reduced CD71 expression, and cytarabine resistance. Furthermore, sWT1+/-, HOXA3, and GATA2 regulate cell growth and cytarabine sensitivity in a context-dependent manner, likely dependent on HOXA3 expression. HOXA3 expression correlates with chemotherapy response and overall survival in NPM1-negative leukemia specimens. Overexpression of HOXA3 leads to drug resistance against a broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic agents. Our results suggest that WT1 modulates drug sensitivity in an isoform-specific manner by promoting HOXA3 expression.
Use of Thermographic Imaging for the Evaluation of Erectile Dysfunction and Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Crisostomo-Wynne Theodore , Hertz Alexandria , Maloney Trevor , Walter Jack , Caras Ronald
Published: September 2023

Background
Thermographic imaging is an easily performed test and has been used in prior research to assess for arousal by changes in genital temperature but has not be previously studied for quantitative measurements of erectile function.
Aim
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between infrared thermographic imaging and penile duplex ultrasonography (PDDU) for the measurement of cavernosal arterial flow in the evaluation of erectile function.
Methods
Men who presented to the urology clinic for PDDU for any reason had thermographic imaging and PDDU performed in the flaccid state and in the erect state after injection of intracavernosal alprostadil. If the men had PDDU performed for Peyronie’s disease (PD) additional thermographic measurements were taken in the area of the plaque.
Outcomes
Changes in temperature as seen on thermographic imaging of the penis were assessed for correlation with changes cavernosal arterial flow on PDDU.
Results
30 men participated in this study. The mean age was 58. 23% (7/30) had Peyronie’s disease. The change in the measured temperature between flaccid and erect states correlated significantly with the change in peak systolic velocity r = 0.42 (p = 0.02). In the small sample of men with PD the mean temperature of the penis in the area of the plaque was 35.2°C compared to 36.1°C of the rest of the penis (p = 0.45). The change in temperature of the plaque was +0.9°C compared with +2.1°C (p = 0.28).
Strengths and Limitations
Strengths of this study is the comparison of this novel use of technology to the existing gold standard with quantitative measurements. The major limitation is a small sample size, especially in the PD subgroup.
Conclusion
In this pilot study, thermographic imaging shows promising correlation with the gold standard PDDU for the evaluation of erectile function.
Satellite observations reveal a stagnation of flood vulnerability reduction globally in the 21st century
Authors: Sauer Inga , Mester Benedikt , Frieler Katja , Zimmermann Sandra , Schewe Jacob , Otto Christian
Published: September 2023

Global flood impacts have risen in recent decades and are projected to increase due to climate change and socio-economic expansion. While increasing exposure was the dominant driver of surging impacts, counteracting vulnerability reductions have been detected, but were too weak to reverse this trend. To assess the progress on vulnerability reduction in the 21st century, we combine newly available satellite observations of flooded areas for 913 events with four global disaster databases, and spatially-explicit data on structural and socio-economic characteristics. Event-specific flood vulnerabilities for assets, fatalities and displacements reveal a lack of progress in reducing global flood vulnerability from 2000—2018. Going beyond previous analyses on the income dependency of vulnerabilities, we examine their dependencies upon human development index, flood experience and local structural characteristics linked to the quality of governance. We find that vulnerability levels are significantly reduced in areas with better structural characteristics, while the effect of flood experience is limited to a reduction in flood mortality. Vulnerabilities are higher in low developed areas, but overall the effect of increasing socio-economic development was insufficient to significantly reduce vulnerabilities over the study period. Nevertheless, the strong dependence of vulnerability on structural characteristics reveals further potential for adaptation through vulnerability reduction.
Clinical Effectiveness of Physical training incorporating Tuina therapy in Patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Dan , Zhu Qiaochu , Zhao Yan , Chen Gang
Published: September 2023

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease, as the limitations of drug therapies, there is an increasing focus on a rehabilitation approach that includes Physical training (PT) and Tuina therapy. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of PT and Tuina therapy on physical function, Lung function, and quality of life in patients with ALS.
Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial. Patients will be divided into an experimental group or control group at a 1:1 ratio, with each group will both have oral Riluzole. The experimental group will conduct PT and Tuina therapy for 4 weeks, while patients in the control group will be instructed to perform basic stretching exercises of the upper and lower limbs at home for 4 weeks. The ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised scores (ALSFRS-R), Manual muscle test (MMT), Modified Ashworth spasm scale (MAS), Forced vital capacity (FVC), Vital capacity (VC), Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, Peak expiratory flow (PEF), and Maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), ALS Assessment Questionnaire (ALSAQ-40) scores) and safety measures will be collected at baseline, after 4 weeks, and during follow-ups every 6 months for 2 years.
Discussion: This study will provide evidence-based medical corroboration for the clinical application of Physical training incorporating Tuina therapy in Patients with ALS and promote the development and application of this Comprehensive early rehabilitation.
Trial registration: Chinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR2300068650. Date: 2023-02-27. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=186359
Insights into the multi-chromosomal mitochondrial genome structure of the Xero- halophytic plant Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge ex Fenzl
Authors: Yang Lulu , Guo Wenjun , Zheng Zehan , Xiao Tian
Published: September 2023

Background
Haloxylon ammodendron is an important ecological plant due to its adaptation ability in desert conditions, halophytic environments, and the fixation of sand. It is a promising plant with the ecological value that could help carbon sequestration and a valuable C4 plant model for elucidating the genetic basis of extreme drought tolerance. Although plastid and nuclear genomes were made available, the lack of a mitochondrial genome hampered comprehensive insights into its mitogenome structure organization and phylogenetic implications.
Results
In the present study, the mitochondrial genome of H. ammodendron was assembled and annotated, resulting in a multi-chromosomal configuration with two circular chromosomes. The mitogenome was 210,149 bp in length and contained 31 protein-coding genes, 18 tRNA, and three rRNA. A total of 66 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Besides, 27 tandem repeats, 312 forward repeats, and 303 palindromic repeats were found. A set of 17 sequence fragments were found homologous between the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes, spanning 5,233 bp, accounting for 2.49% of the total mitogenome size. In total, 337 RNA editing sites were predicted, all C-to-U conversion types. Phylogenetic inference confidently placed H. ammodendron in the Amaranthacea family and its close relative, Suaeda glacum.
Conclusions
H. ammodendron mitogenome showed a multi-chromosome structure with two fully circularized molecules. The present mitogenome represents a valuable resource for understanding the basis of mitogenome structure variation within Caryophyllales and evolution in land plants, their identification, and classification.
Unmusking of Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit B as a crucial factor in the development and progression of dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Peng Luying , Li Li , Fan Huimin , Lin Fang , Liang Xiaoting , Zhu Yuping , Meng Yilei , Zhou Xiaohui , Yi Na , Lin Qin , Hu Sangyu , Sheng Jie , He Siyu , Sachinidis Agapios
Published: September 2023

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the major causes of heart failure (HF). However, although significant progress was made in elucidating the underlying mechanisms, the actual therapeutic efforts are inefficient. Here we investigated the potential role of Ppp2r5d, a protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit for the development of DCM. We observed that the mRNA level of Ppp2r5d mRNA level was decreased and upregulated in the plasma of DCM patients. Knockdown of Ppp2r5d in murine cardiomyocytes increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and reduced ATP synthesis. In a mouse experimental DCM model, heart-specific Ppp2r5d knockdown aggravated the pathogenesis of DCM and induced HF. Mechanistically, Ppp2r5d-deficient cardiomyocytes indicated an elevation of the phosphorylation of Stat3 at the Y705 site, leading to the upregulation of hypertrophic genes such as Anp and Bnp and interleukin 6 (IL6). In parallel, Ppp2r5d-deficient cardiomyocytes indicated a decreased phosphorylation level of Stat3 at S727, an impaired mitochondrial electron transport chain, ATP synthesis and impaired ROS levels. Therefore, our results revealed a novel role of Ppp2r5d in regulating the phosphorylation of Stat3 in the heart, Ppp2r5d might be a potential target for preventing DCM.
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the Brazilian population: National Health Survey
Authors: Vieira Maria Alice Souza , Tonaco Luís Antônio Batista , Souza Maria José Silva , Andrade Flávia Cristina Drumond , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Felisbino-Mendes Mariana Santos , Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Arterial Hypertension (AH) is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and more recent studies that estimated the prevalence of this condition considering aspects such as awareness of diagnosis, treatment, and control, revealing alarming results in the global scenario.
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the Brazilian adult population and the sociodemographic factors associated with these outcomes.
Methodology: Cross-sectional population-based study with data from the National Health Survey. Outcomes were defined based on blood pressure measurements, self-reported diagnosis of AH and use of antihypertensive medication. We estimated the prevalence of the outcomes and the associations were subsequently tested by calculating prevalence ratios using Poisson regression.
Results: The prevalence of AH in the Brazilian population was 32.3%. Approximately 60.8% were aware of the diagnosis, 90.6% were taking drug treatment and, of these, 54.4% had controlled AH. Female gender and older age were associated with greater awareness, treatment and control. Other factors such as having a partner, health insurance, living in the urban area, race/color and schooling were also associated with outcomes.
Conclusion: Awareness and control of AH in Brazil can still improve in view of the SUS health programs. The differences found reflect socioeconomic inequalities and reveal groups with lower performance.
Efficacy and Safety of Bariatric Surgery Versus Non-surgery in the Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Teng Haiying , Wang Zilan , Wang Dongwei , Chen Huiru , Ni Hanyu , Chen Zhouqing , Hu Tong , Wang Zhong
Published: September 2023

Background
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a debilitating disorder characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Women, reproductive age, and obesity, especially weight gain in a short period, are major risk factors in the development of IIH. Weight loss has been widely recognized as a beneficial strategy of treatment.
Methods
Two researchers independently and systematically searched the National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), the Cochrane Library, EMBASE databases, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify articles that met the eligibility criterion. The primary outcomes are ICP and IIH-related symptoms (number of patients with headache and visual defect), and secondary outcomes are weight, body mass index (BMI), ophthalmological examination, complications and mortality at the final follow-up.
Results
Eventually, 1 RCT, 6 retrospective studies and 17 case reports were included in the meta-analysis. The number of patients with headaches (P = 0.01) after surgery was significantly lower than that in the nonsurgery group. ICP (P = 0.005) was reduced significantly in the bariatric surgery group. Weight (P = 0.004) and BMI (P < 0.00001) were significantly lower in the bariatric surgery group. However, there was no significant difference in visual symptoms between the two groups. Overall, the probability of complications is not high.
Conclusions
Our research indicated that bariatric surgery is an effective and safe treatment for patients with IIH. Bariatric surgery can effectively reduce ICP and relieve headache, which is the major distress of patients.
Causal Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Gynecological Tumor:A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xiong Yajun , Zhang Xiaonan , Niu Xiaoya , Zhang Long , Jia Junli , Xu Aiguo
Published: September 2023

Background: Previous research has linked alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota to a variety of gynecologic tumors.Nevertheless, although the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and gynecologic tumors remains to be fully elucidated. Therefore, this study uses a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis (MR) to explore the causal correlation between the gut microbiota community and prevalent gynecologic tumours. With the goal of identifying specific pathogenic bacterial communities that may be involved in gynecologic tumor development.
Materials and Methods: We utilized data from the MiBioGen consortium’s Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) on gut microbiota as the exposure variable. Four common gynecologic neoplasms including uterine fibroids (UF), endometrial cancer (EC), ovarian cancer (OC) and cervical cancer (CC) were selected as the outcome variables. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with exposure were selected as the instrumental variables (IVs). The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was used as the principal MR analysis to assess the causal relationship between gut microbiota and these tumors, with the goal of identifying microbial communities associated with gynecologic tumor development. An independent validation cohort was used for further validation. We conducted sensitivity analyses to ensure robustness of the findings. Lastly, we performed reverse MR analysis to assess the potential for reverse causation.
Results: Combining the results from the discovery and validation cohorts, we found that higher relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae is associated with lower risk of UF (OR: 0.882, 95% CI: 0.793-0.999, P = 0.982). Conversely, a higher incidence of OC is associated with a higher relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae (OR: 1.329, 95% CI: 1.019-1.732, P= 0.036). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these results. Furthermore, the results of the reverse MR analysis showed no evidence of a reverse cause-and-effect relationship between UF, OC, and Lachnospiraceae.
Conclusion: In this study, a causal relationship between Lachnospiraceae and both UF and OC was established. This provides new insights into the role of gut microbiota in the mechanism of gynecological tumor development.
The Influence of Photobiomodulation in the CAM Assay – Establishing a CAM burn wound model
Authors: Firouz Bardia , Faihs Lorenz , Slezak Paul , Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy Nassim , Schicho Kurt , Winter Raimund , Kamolz Lars Peter , Dungel Peter
Published: September 2023

Burn wounds are a common challenge for medical professionals. Current burn wound models hold several limitations, including a lack of comparability due to the heterogeneity of wounds and differences in individual wound healing. Hence, there is a need for reproducible in vivo models. In this study, we established a new burn wound model using the chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) as a surrogate model for animal experiments. The new experimental setup was tested by investigating the effects on burn wound healing of the auspicious biophysical therapy photobiomodulation (PBM), which has been shown to positively influence wound healing through vascular proliferative effects and the increased secretion of chemotactic substances. The easily accessible burn wounds can be treated with various therapies. The model enables the analysis of ingrowing blood vessels (angiogenesis) and diameter and area of the wounds. The established model was used to test the effects of PBM on burn wound healing. PBM promoted angiogenesis in burn wounds on day 4 (p = .005). Furthermore, there was a not significant trend toward a higher number of vessels for day 6 (p = .065) in the irradiated group. Changes in diameter (p = .129) and the burn area (p = .131) were not significant. Our results suggest that CAM can be a suitable model for studying burn wounds. The novel experimental design enables reproducible and comparable studies on burn wound treatment.