bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological profile and operative outcomes of gastric cancer patients in Kashmir: a high incidence area
Authors: Younis Mohamad , Qadri Arshid Iqbal , Vane Ajay , Yousuf Adfar , Bhat Mudasir Hamid
Published: February 2022

Background: The objective of the present study was to analyse the demographic, clinicopathological and perioperative outcome of patients undergoing D2 gastrectomy in a high-volume tertiary care hospital in Kashmir a high incidence area.Methods: A total of 89 gastric cancer patients operated in the department of surgical gastroenterology, SKIMS, Kashmir, from January 2018 to December 2021 were included. A standardized D2 lymphadenectomy with spleen/pancreas preservation was performed.Results: Most of the patients in our study were elderly males and the mean age of patients in our series was 60.12±9.4. Majority of the patients in this study had stage III (91%) disease. Nodal involvement (N2, N3) was seen in 66% of patients. The average blood loss during operation was (380.23±48.53 ml) in our patients. The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was (26.6±10.1) with the range of (12-40). Mean operative time was (180±32.58 min). Average hospital stay was (8±2.46 days) in this series.Conclusions: Data from our study suggests that D2-gastrectomy when performed by skilled team in high volume centre like SKIMS is safe and should be the standard of care for gastric cancer for improved outcome.
Research Insights: Can a Smartphone App Teach Users about Air Pollution and Help Them Avoid It?
Authors: Blackman Allen , Hoffmann Bridget
Published: February 2022

La capacitación de alumnos universitarios en el uso de una aplicación para teléfonos que muestra información en tiempo real sobre la calidad del aire aumentó la adquisición de información sobre la calidad del aire por parte de los estudiantes, los conocimientos sobre conductas de evitación y las conductas de evitación en la práctica. La capacitación también aumentó la preocupación de los participantes acerca de otros asuntos ambientales. Las características de los participantes moderaron los efectos de la capacitación; por ejemplo, la capacitación fue generalmente menos efectiva entre los alumnos que tenían un empleo.
O latim como Língua Interdisciplinar
Authors: Silva Amós Coêlho da
Published: February 2022

A linguagem é um objeto de análises diversificadas, com pontos de vista firmados a partir de pesquisas históricas que podem ser entre o sujeito e a linguagem, assim, se abrindo com a análise psicolinguística, em relação à sociedade e a linguagem, teremos sociolinguística. Cabe, pois, à competência de linguistas quais as necessidades de estudos escolares. A imprescindibilidade da inclusão do Latim na grade curricular escolar não apenas é pelo fato histórico de a língua portuguesa ser oriunda do latim, mas pela própria presença fonológica, morfológica, sintática, semântica, com justa razão defendida por professores, que se tornaram filólogos e lecionaram na fase escolar básica da formação do estudante brasileiro. Ao se examinar presenças intertextuais na estruturação gramatical e, dados os avanços linguísticos, hoje podemos indicar também o campo de estudos semiológicos como uma das razões inquestionáveis, como em alguns exemplos que abordaremos nas significações culturais do mundo biossocial. Significações culturais camufladas no dia a dia e manifestadas na estética artística e poética, cujas descobertas competem ao recurso interdisciplinar do estudo etimológico.
Imagens de mulher nos conselhos de Correio Feminino de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Corrêa-Rosado Leonardo Coelho
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho é um estudo das representações sociodiscursivas engendradas nos textos do gênero conselho no âmbito da obra Correio Feminino de Clarice Lispector. Nosso objetivo é descrever a principais representações sociodiscursivas em relação à mulher, a partir dos dados levantados para o modo de organização descritivo do gênero em estudo, através do instrumental teórico-metodológico da Teoria Semiolinguística de Patrick Charaudeau (1983, 1992, 2004, 2008). Os nossos resultados demonstram que os textos representam um modelo tradicional de mulher que, inclusive, é utilizado pelo EUe como um ideal a ser seguido pela leitora dos textos.
Artemisinin potentiates apoptosis and triggers cell cycle arrest to attenuate malignant growth of salivary gland tumor cells
Authors: Xiao Peng , Liang Qiujuan , Chen Qiuqiu , Liu Haixia
Published: February 2022

One of the rare malignant tumors developing within the glands of the buccal cavity in human beings is salivary gland tumors (SGTs). The hallmark of SGTs is the fusion of nuclear factor IB (NFIB) and myeloblastosis (MYB) genes developed after the translocation of q22-23; p23-24. Although the aetiology of SGTs is not clear, however, the therapeutic modalities are surgical resection followed by the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy if a chance of recurrence seems to develop. Owing to have numerous side effects of chemotherapy, the drug development has been shifted to natural products with minimal side effects. One of the key phytochemical artemisinin derived from wormwood Artemisia annua exhibits various pharmacological activities against various in-vivo and in-vitro cellular models. Here, we evaluated the cytotoxic potential of artemisinin against A-253 cells with possible underlying cell death mechanisms. Our results showed that artemisinin reduces the proliferation of cells in a concentration-dependent manner and displays IC50 value in a range of 10.23, 14.21 μM, and 203.18 μM against A-253/HTB-41 and transformed salivary gland SMIE cells, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that artemisinin promotes a significant amount of apoptotic cellular population and triggers G0/G1 arrest of A-253 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. To verify the mechanism of cell death induced by artemisinin in A-253 cells, we found an increased level of Bax, Bim, Bad, Bak and reduced level of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, Bcl-XL with concomitant release of mitochondrial resident protein cytochrome c into the cytoplasm. Additionally, we found that artemisinin augments the production of reactive oxygen species which further leads to the activation of proapoptotic proteins PARP1, and caspase-3, in a concentration-dependent manner thereby triggering apoptosis. In conclusion, artemisinin exhibits promising anticancer therapeutic potential against A-253 cells and needs further validation of in-vitro results in preclinical models.
System odpornościowy roślin – model zygzakowy
Authors: Banasiak Joanna
Published: February 2022

W odróżnieniu do kręgowców rośliny nie posiadają wyspecjalizowanych, mobilnych komórek odpornościowych oraz przeciwciał. Nie oznacza to jednak, że nie są w stanie skutecznie bronić się przed atakiem patogenów. W przypadku roślin niemal każda komórka jest bowiem zdolna do wywołania skutecznej odpowiedzi obronnej, dzięki działaniu układu odpornościowego. Jednym z modeli opisujących system odpornościowy roślin jest model zygzakowy zaproponowany przez JD Jonesa i JL Dangla, który obejmuje jego dwa poziomy. Model ten po raz pierwszy w jasny sposób przedstawił skomplikowane wzajemne zależności między roślinami a ich patogenami, co więcej jest niezwykle użyteczny z dydaktycznego punku widzenia.
Рынок труда в условиях российской экономики
Authors: Григорьева Д.Р. , Казанбаева В.А. , Красильников А.И.
Published: February 2022

В статье производится анализ рынка труда в условиях российской экономики и динамики изменения рынка труда РФ в результате воздействия COVID-19.
Методические аспекты аудита расчетов с поставщиками и подрядчиками
Authors: Люлина А.А. , Калюгина И.В.
Published: February 2022

В данной статье рассматриваются этапы проведения аудита расчетов с поставщиками и подрядчиками. Описываются основные аспекты проведения аудита кредиторской задолженности. Сделан вывод о том, что регулярное проведение аудита расчетов с поставщиками и подрядчиками все больше приобретает популярность среди владельцев малого и среднего бизнеса, так как это способствует уменьшению зависимости от неконтролируемых рисков, что в конечном итоге позволит серьезно повысить качество продукции компании, а также снизить затраты.
Relationship between Sleep Quality and Job Stress in Health Care Staff of Educational Hospitals affiliated with Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Nodoushan Reza Jafari , Anoosheh Vida Sadat , Majidpour Fatemeh , Tavangar Hossein , Hosseini Amiri Meysam , Mojahed Shahnaz , Entezari Ahmad , Salimi Tahere , Bidaki Reza , Khajehaminian Mohammad Reza
Published: February 2022

Background: There are several factors involved in creating job stress. Shift work can be considered one of these factors which affect sleep quality among the staff. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of job stress on the sleep quality of the healthcare personnel. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2011-2012. Data collection tools consisted of demographic information; HSE job stress questionnaires and Pittsburgh sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Anova tests, Spearman correlation, and SPSS software version 26 were used for data analysis. The significance level of the test was 5%. Results: The mean score of sleep quality was 7.18 ± 3.5 and work stress was 98.7 ± 12.14. 61.8% of nurses did not have good sleep quality. The results of a one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of work stress in work shifts (P = 0.019). The results of the Spearman correlation test showed a significant and inverse correlation between work stress and sleep quality (r = -0.17 p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the employees' sleep quality affects their job stress, reduces their productivity and causes some problems for them; therefore, managers must heed the results of this research and schedule the shifts in such a way as to reduce job stress. They can also hold training sessions and workshops to regulate sleep patterns and manage stress in due course of time.
Modeling of Pool Fire Risk in a Chemical Warehouse
Authors: Mohammadi Heidar , Fazli Zohreh , Taheri Pour Masoud , Moradi Hanifi Saber
Published: February 2022

Background: Pool fire is a phenomenon caused by the leakage of flammable materials on the ground leading to serious hazards, irrespective of its consequences. The proximity and high volumes of chemicals in warehouses require that the characteristics of various materials in warehouses be taken into account for calculating the chain effects of the pool fire. Methods:  One of the effective parameters in expanding the impact of pool fire chain is heat flux value. There are different models for calculating and predicting it. In this study, two approaches of computational fluid dynamic (CFD), fire-driven fluid flow, fire dynamics simulator (FDS), and solid flame model were used to predict heat flux values. Results: In both models, the calculated heat flux was used to evaluate the effects on humans (first-degree burns, second-degree burns, and deaths) and the materials. The CFD results were compared with the results of the solid flame model, which indicated that there was little error in the predicted heat flux values. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to better understand the effects of pool fire on chemical warehouses, and provide appropriate control measures to prevent such accidents in warehouses.
Comparison of the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy, fluvoxamine and their combination on depression in women with breast cancer
Authors: Rafiei Mohsen , Azizi Borujeni Abolfazl , Seif Hosseini Azadeh , Dadashpour Yasmin
Published: February 2022

Aims: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy, Fluvoxamine, and their combination on depression in women with breast cancer.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-and post-test design. The study population was women with breast cancer who were referred to health centers in region two in 2021. Forty-five people were selected by convenience method and then randomly placed in three groups (each n=15), including dialectical behavior therapy, Fluvoxamine (medication), and a combination of both. The first group received eight sessions of 90 minutes of dialectical behavior therapy, the second group received 200 mg of oral Fluvoxamine daily, and the third group received a combination of both methods. Data were collected by Depression Inventory and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test.
Results: The results showed that in the pre-test stage, the groups were not significantly different in terms of depression and dialectical behavior therapy (p> 0.05), but in the post-test stage, there was a significant difference (p <0.05). The combined method significantly reduced depression compared to dialectical behavior therapy and medication, but there was no significant difference between dialectical behavior therapy and medication in reducing depression. Also, dialectical and combination behavior therapy significantly reduced depression in comparison with Fluvoxamine.
Conclusion: Based on the results, a combination method can relieve depression in women with breast cancer.
Comparing the frequency tramadol abuse in seizure and non-seizure complaint patients referred to neurology emergency department of a university affiliated hospital
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Sahebasagh Adeleh , Rameshi Yekta , Khaleghi Atena , Ahmadi Amir Moghadam , Moenian Bagheri Golnar , Ramezani Vahid , Saghafi Fatemeh
Published: February 2022

Aim: Due to its similar opioid effects, tramadol is commonly abused worldwide. One of the notable side effects of tramadol is seizure. The present study compares the frequency of tramadol abuse among seizure and non-seizure (other reasons) patients referring to the Neurology Emergency Ward of Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital, a referral center affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study reviewed 141 patients referring to the emergency ward of a referral hospital. The data were collected by clinical examination, face-to-face interviews, and a structured self-questionnaire for each client. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, non-parametric chi-square, and independent T-test.
Results: In this cross-sectional study, 82 male (58.2%) and 59 female subjects (41.8%) were included. The results revealed the average age of patients being 30.16 ± 9.12. The incidence of tramadol abuse was approximately 36.8% in the total population study. Twenty-five and half percent of the subjects were referred to the neurology emergency ward for seizure while 16.3% of the subjects were referred to other wards for non-seizure complaints. In this study, we no relationship was found between the duration of consumption and the concurrent use of other medications; however, there was a statistically significant correlation between the dose of tramadol and the incidence of seizure.
Conclusion: The result of the present study illustrated a significant incidence of seizure in men with tramadol abuse and a direct correlation with medication dose.
Livedo reticularis following drug interaction of sertraline and amantadine in a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression: A brief report
Authors: Mohamadian Rasnani Fatemeh , Panahi Somayeh , Zare Fatemeh , Bidaki Reza , Asadi Mohadeseh
Published: February 2022

Livedo reticularis (LR) is a cutaneous vascular pattern that presents with reticular patch morphology. LR is a manifestation of a wide range of diseases, from idiopathic to systemic. We reported the clinical image of a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and LR associated with amantadine use. On examination, mild postural tremor was left-handed and had a kinetic tremor. Rest tremor and re-emerge tremor were detected in addition to mild rigidity and bradykinesia in the patient; we proposed probable drug-induced Parkinsonism.
 We should notice skin lesions after amantadine use and consider LR after the prescription of it. Also, co-administration of SSRIs and amantadine may increasethe probability of LR.
Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of Fomes fomentarius extracts against brine shrimp larvae and colon adenocarcinoma cell line (SW742)
Authors: Shahvaroughi Farahani Arshia , Kurepaz-mahmoodabadi Mahdieh , Manayi Azadeh
Published: February 2022

Aim: Cancer is one of the leading worldwide public health problems. Natural product has provided a valuable source biological active compound for maintaining humans health even after years of introduction of synthetic drugs. Fomes fomentarius (F. fomentarius), a fungus belongs to Polyporaceae family, is widely used for different medicinal purposes. Considering inadequate reports on the fungus, cytotoxic effect of its extracts on brine shrimp larvae and colon adenocarcinoma cell line (SW742) was investigated in this study.
Methods: The fruiting body of the fungus was chopped and extracted with water, ethanol, methanol, and ethanol-methanol (50-50) solvents. Regarding the results of brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA), ethanol extract showed the highest toxicity, so subjected to fractionation with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water. The fractions were tested for cytotoxic activity in human colon adenocarcinoma (SW742) cells by MTT assay. Ethyl acetate fraction exhibited more cytotoxic activity against SW742 cell line. Therefore, it was chosen to be purified using silica gel column chromatography. Subfractions of ethyl acetate were tested for their cytotoxicity by MTT assay. The content of these subfractions were also analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Results: According to the results, ethanol extract had the greatest potency in BSLA, and ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest cell cytotoxicity. Based on GC-MS chromatogram, palmitic acid was the compound with the largest quantity in the three selected subfractions of ethyl acetate.
Conclusion: It was found that palmitic acid with other compounds in F. fomentarius had cytotoxic activity against colon adenocarcinoma cells. This feature may provide a biological basis for further clinical evaluation.
Characteristics of Juxta-apical Radiolucency as Risk Factor of Inferior Alveolar Injury
Authors: Hasani Mahvash , Razavi Nasim , Zarifi Motahareh
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Juxta-apical radiolucency (JAR) is introduced as a new risk factor for inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury; following the removal of the third molar. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship of JAR to IAN, cortical plates, and its position with regards to IAN and tooth angulation.
Materials and Methods: The present case-control study comprising a sample of 545 Cone Beamed CT scans of mandibular third molars examined 75 JAR cases and 75 control teeth. The relationship of JAR to IAN, its position with regards to IAN, lingual cortical plate thinning, teeth position and angulation were investigated. Descriptive analyses, chi-square and fisher exact tests were performed with a value of 0.05 considered significant.
Results: Mesioangular teeth were the most common in both groups. Based on tooth angulation, no significant difference was detected between case and control groups (p value = 0.346). There was no significant difference between the two groups, with regards to JAR and tooth proximity to IAN (p value = 0.578). Although, the most prevalent position in the JAR group was lingual and superior in the control group, but no significant difference was observed between them (p value = 0.122). Most cases of JAR (84.0%) and most cases of control group (77.3%) showed some degree of cortical thinning. Based on this, no significant difference was present between the JAR and control groups (p value = 0.626).
Conclusion: JAR is generally in contact with mandibular canal and some degree of cortical thinning manifest in most of these cases. These findings suggest a possible increase in the risk of nerve injury during surgical removal of third molars.
The Effect of Implant Treatment on Index of "Oral Impact on Daily Performance"(OIDP) in Isfahan
Authors: Motahari Mozhgan , Rafiei Ehsan , Dehghanian Danoosh , Bourbourshirazi Mahmoudi Mozhdeh
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Teeth loss and its consequences, such as mental discomfort, most often negatively affects one's health and well-being. Dental implants were introduced in an attempt to raise patients’ satisfaction and improve health and quality of life in all dimensions. Hence, this study was performed to check the impact of implantation on the oral health indices in patients who were candidates for implant treatment in Isfahan city.
Material and methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, the lifestyle quality of 73 patients who were referred to Isfahan’s Islamic Azad Dental University (Khorasgan) and its affiliated private centers, was assessed using the OIDP index before and after their implant treatment between 2019 and 2020. Also, data analysis was done using Independent t-test, Paired t-test and analysis of variance ANOVA test (α = 0.05).
Results: In the current study, the most common problem and with the most effect on oral satisfaction quality were teeth lost and extractions, respectively. Majorly, the effects were evident on the eating habits (83.6%), satisfaction of communication with others (68.5%) and quality of smile (64.4%). In the questionnaire, an attenuated score of OIDP was recorded, before the implant treatment compared to that of post-treatment, which was statistically meaningful (p value < 0.05). 
Conclusion: According to the current study data, we can conclude that implant treatment can have a positive effect on the patients’ lifestyle quality.
Quantity (Number) and Quality (Morphology) Comparison of Mast Cells in Healthy and Diseased Gingiva
Authors: Ahmadi Masoud , Aminzadeh Gohari Atousa , Farhad Shirin Zahra , Norouzi Zohreh
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Comprehending the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis is helpful in the prevention of this disease. Since there are conflicting results regarding the role of mast cells in periodontitis, the aim of this study was to compare mast cell counts and morphology in periodontitis with clinically healthy gingiva.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional case-control study was performed on 36 gingival samples (obtained from 14 patients with chronic periodontitis and 22 cases with clinically healthy gingiva among those referred to a specialized medical center in 2013. Toluidine blue and hematoxylin -eosin staining was used to identify mast cells. The total number of mast cells (intact and degranulated) was counted under the light microscope in 5 consecutive high power fields (10×40) with no overlap. Data were recorded and analyzed statistically by SPSS 22 and Independent T-test. All of the data with a statistical significance (p value < 0.05) were analyzed.
Results: According to Independent t-test, mean number of degranulated mast cells in periodontitis group was 17.78 and in healthy gingiva group was 29.72 which was not statistically significant(p value = 0.071).  Mean number of mast cells in periodontitis group was 20.57 and in healthy gingiva was 36.54 and was statistically significant (p value = 0.042). Mast cell degranulation proportion in periodontitis group was 0.857 and in healthy gingiva group was 0.866, not statistically significant (p value = 0.891).
Conclusion: According to results of present study it can be concluded that total number of mast cells and proportion of degranulated mast cell to the total number showed no significant relationship but the total number of mast cell was significantly increased in healthy group.
Evaluation of Marginal Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations Using Open Sandwich and Snowplow Techniques
Authors: Moghadam Mohammad Ali , Faramarzi Mahsa , Yousefi Jordehi Atefeh
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Adaptation of posterior composites to dental walls has been questioned for various reasons and polymerization shrinkage is one example. Thus, the present study investigated microleakage ocurring from different class II composite restorations techniques.
Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study class II cavities with cervical margins 1 mm below the CEJ (Cementoenamel junction) were prepared in 64 extracted human premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (open sandwich): Glass ionomer was injected on the floor of the cavity and the rest of the cavity was restored using composite resin using incremental technique. Group 2 (Snowplow) one layer of flowable composite was placed in the bottom of the cavity and was co-cured with the first layer of composite resin. The rest of the cavity was restored the same as group 1. To evaluate the microleakage, the specimens were thermocycled for up to 3000 cycles and immersed in 1% methylene blue solution for 72 hours. Then they were sectioned mesiodistally and evaluated under a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed via Mann-Whitney and Fishers exact test and p value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean value for microleakage in group 1 (795.74 ± 494.04 mμ) was lower than group 2 (972.99 ± 457.8 mμ), but the results were not statistically significant (p value = 0.117).
Conclusion: It appears that microleakage in both open sandwich technique and Snowplow technique did not portray statistical significance, so both of them can be used.
Evaluation of Environmental Stress among Students of Kashan Dental School in Academic
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Fatemeh , Mousavi Negar , Fakhar Hooman , Mosharraf Ramin , Hashemzadeh Zahra
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Studying dentistry is associated with high levels of stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the environmental stress experienced by students of Kashan Dental School and influential factors during the academic year of 2020-2021.
Materials and Methods: In this study, all clinical students of Kashan Dental School (118 people) were studied via census method. The standard dental environment stress questionnaire (DES) with demographic characteristics was used to collect information.
Results: In this study, 57.6% of students depicted high environmental stress. The highest frequency of environmental stress was observed in the field of patient treatment (75.4%) and clinical education (66.9%). Environmental stress with regards to gender, place of residence and father's occupation was significant (p value < 0.05). Meanwhile, this variable was not statistically significant with regards to marital status, average grade from last semester, mean age, mother's job and both parents' education (p value < 0.05).
Conclusion: Due to the high level of stress in dental students during their studies and also provided, the dangers of elevated stress, it is necessary for responsible authorities to pay more attention to this issue. In addition, female students, dormitory students and students whose father's are employed by the government are most in need of support.
Identify the Dimensions and Provide an Appropriate Model for Research Data Management in Medical Sciences in 7th Country Zone
Authors: Ghahnaviyeh Hassan , Rahim Rasouli Azad Mohammad , Babalhavaeji Fahimeh , Hariri Nadjla
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions effective for research data management in medical universities in 7th country Zone.
Materials and Methods: The present research is an analytical survey that was conducted in 2020 in the university libraries of medical sciences in 7th country Zone. The data of the qualitative section were collected by a structured questionnaire by Delphi-fuzzy method and the data of the quantitative section were the result of the qualitative section and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect them. The statistical population of the study included 127 librarians of medical universities in 7th country Zone. In a small part of descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis tests were used to present the research model and structural equation modeling technique.
Results: The average factor loads of all data management components were higher than 0.8 and acceptable. With a 99% confidence in the good fit of the 12-component measurement models (infrastructure; regulatory role; reuse; budget; organization; intelligence services; sharing; training and updating; distribution and dissemination; policy-making; storage and preservation; data content protection) were recorded. The results of t-test in a small part showed that there was a significant difference (t value = 80.50) between the desired and existing status of data management in the libraries of medical universities of 7th country Zone.
Conclusion: The state of data management in university libraries of medical sciences (7th country Zone) faces challenges in achieving organizational goals; therefore, paying attention to and strengthening the various dimensions identified by this research in data management will provide the basis for achieving organizational and research goals and improving the level of medical education and health activities in medical universities.
Evaluation of the Effect of Magnification on Proximal Caries Diagnosis Via Digital Bitewing Radiography
Authors: Kamgar Sahel , Talaeipour Ahmad Reza , Hafezi Ladan
Published: February 2022

Introduction: identification of proximal caries is a major challenge faced by dentists. Bitewing radiograph is the method commonly used to detect proximal caries. Another method includes the use of magnification in digital bitewing radiograph. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of magnification on the diagnosis of proximal caries.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study 40 sound human molars and premolars were selected. Based on the gold standard, the cavities were prepared under contact point on one proximal surface of the tooth. Teeth were mounted and digital bitewing radiographs were taken and images were observed at magnifications 5x, 4x, 3x, 2x, 1x. Every tooth was assessed for caries on a 5 point scale. The data was analyzed by Cochrane- Q test.
Results: There was a significant difference between the certain sensitivity of proximal caries diagnosis in digital radiography in groups with magnitudes 1, 2 and 3 with magnitude 4 and 5 groups (p value = 0.04). However, between the probable sensitivity (p value = 0.298), definite NVP (p value = 0.496) and probable NVP (p value = 0.819), definite attribute (p value = 0.846) and probability (P) There was no significant difference in proximal caries diagnosis.
Conclusion: The accuracy in detecting proximal caries increases with a magnification increase and magnification 2x and 3x have the highest diagnostic accuracy but over increased magnification can reduce the accuracy on proximal caries diagnosis.
Pulp Revascularization Following Extrusive Luxation Injury in Immature Permanent Maxillary Incisor: A Case Report
Authors: Ghorbani Farnaz , Ghandi Mostafa
Published: February 2022

Introduction Dental trauma mainly affects the anterior teeth, which can have significant effects on tooth function, aesthetics, and speech. Extrusion refers to the relative tooth displacement out of the socket. The emergency treatment in this injury is repositioning the tooth and flexible splint for 2 weeks.
Case Report: The patient is 8-year-old boy with a chief complaint of trauma to the teeth. After confirming the diagnosis of traumatic extrusion injury, the tooth # 9 was repositioned and splinted. During one-year follow-up, root canal calcification and normal response to pulp sensibility tests were observed.
Combination of Endodontic-Orthodontic and Prosthodontic Treatment for Central Maxillary Teeth Fracture- A Case Report
Authors: Soltani Mohammad Mehdi , Moradi Samaneh , Motinia Ashkan , Marzoughi Shirin , Salari-Moghaddam Reza
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Traumatic dental injury usually causes injury to hard dental tissue, periodontal tissue and dental pulp. Intrusion is the apical displacement of the tooth towards the alveolar bone making it susceptible to infection and fracture.
Case Report: This report conveys intrusion management of a right maxillary central incisor of a ten-year old boy referred to Isfahan Dental School with dental trauma, with a follow-up of six, twelve and eighteen-months showing evidence of healing.
Apexification of an Immature Permanent First Molar Tooth with Cold Ceramic: A Case Report
Authors: Marzoughi Shirin , Salari-Moghaddam Reza , Faghihian Reyhaneh , Moradi Samaneh , Soltani Mehdi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Apexification is a method to create a calcification barrier in teeth with open apex and pulp necrosis. For many years, calcium hydroxide was the most common substance for this purpose. Nowadays, apexification with other materials that can yield better results in one session has become more popular.
Case report: For a 9-year-old boy complained of “tooth decay”, apexification treatment was performed by MTA on the lower right sixth permanent molar and by cold ceramic on the lower left sixth permanent molar. At one-year follow-up, no symptoms were observed on clinical examination and radiography of both teeth.
Conclusion: Cold ceramic such as MTA can be considered effective in the apexification of immature tooth with pulp necrosis.
Investigating the high yield extraction of pectin from Crissampelos Pareira L. Vat. Hirsute planted in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Van Toan , Xuan Quyen Duong
Published: February 2022

The study on the most suitable extracting conditions of pectin from Crissampelos pareira L. Var. Hirsute was thoroughly and successfully investigated. It was found that the most suitable conditions for the extraction of pectin from C pareira were at temperature of 90°C; pH of solution of 1.5; and the extraction time of 60 minutes. The average yield of pectin was of 15.58%. it is worth noting that the mentioned extracting conditions showed a highly significant effect (p<0.05) on the yield of pectin. As the consequence, the equivalent weight, methoxyl content, anhydrouronic acid content, degree of esterification and moisture content of extracted pectin obtained under the suitable conditions were found to be 333.33 g/mol, 5.58%, 84.48%, 37.5%, 15.76%, respectively.
Praca na Otrycie. Analiza ikonosfery a problem odczytania
Authors: Dymarczyk Waldemar
Published: February 2022

W niniejszym artykule omawiane są dwa wątki. Pierwszy, który pierwotnie miał być jedynym pretekstem dla poniższego tekstu, jest analizą fotografii, na których utrwalono pracę w schronisku na górze Otryt. Analiza ta dokonana została w oparciu o metodologię teorii ugruntowanej. Drugi wątek wyłonił się niespodziewanie, podczas prezentacji wniosków badawczych, w trakcie jednej z konferencji socjologicznych. Chodzi tu głównie o spontaniczne i emocjonalne komentarze niektórych z uczestników wspomnianej konferencji. W konsekwencji, autor prowadzi dyskusję na temat wpływu formy prezentacji na sposób jej odczytania.
Determinants Factors Affecting Stunting In Children 2-5 Years In The Working Area Of Tajinan Public Health Center
Authors: Maulina Rifzul
Published: February 2022

Background: Malang Regency is included in the 100 priority districts for stunting with a stunting rate of 20% spread over 6 priority villages.Objective: The research was to analyze risk factors related to child, mother, and environmental factors for stunting under five years old.Method : The study used a case-control design population was all children aged 2 to 5 years at the Tajinan Public Health Center for six months in 2018. The case sample was 75 stunting toddlers and the control was 75 toddlers well-nourished. Data was collected by interview and measurement (anthropometry). Data was analyzed by chi square test and multiple logistic regression.Result : 80% of stunted children had infectious diseases, a history of length of birth 48 centimeters and low birth weight was 72% and 10%, a history of breastfeeding and complementary foods (59%). The risk factors for stunting were a history of low birth weight, a history of infectious diseases, maternal education, environment sanitation, and family income.Conclusion : The most influential factors are history of infectious diseases and environment sanitation. It is necessary to increase family empowerment related to the prevention of infectious diseases through improving dietary and health care patterns and improving environment sanitation.
Hubungan Asupan Bahan Makanan Sumber Vitamin D Dan Vitamin C Terhadap Penurunan Glukosa Darah Pada Responden Terindikasi Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II
Authors: Kardina Rizki Nurmalya , Nuriannisa Farah , Andini Ary , Anita Anita
Published: February 2022

Latar belakang: Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh penurunan sekresi insulin dan ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah (hiperglikemia). Vitamin D memiliki peranan terhadap sekresi insulin, metabolisme insulin dengan mempercepat perubahan proinsulin menjadi insulin dan meningkatkan sensitifitas insulin. Vitamin C adalah golongan mikronutrien yang memiliki peran penting dalam plasma manusia sebagai antioksidan. Vitamin C mempunyai sifat larut air dan mampu melawan radikal bebas. Fungsi Vitamin C adalah sebagai donor elektron atau agen pereduksi elektron sehingga mampu berperan sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan ingin mengetahui hubungan asupan bahan makanan sumber vitamin D dan vitamin C terhadap penurunan glukosa darah pada responden yang terindikasi Diabetes Mellitus tipe II. Metode penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan pendekatan crosssectional dengan menggunakan responden di wilayah kelurahan Kutisai, Surabaya. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah incidental sampling dengan jumlah 20 responden, yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Setiap kelompok 10 responden kelompok kontrol dan 10 responden kelompok perlakuan. Pengumpulan sampel dengan dilakukan dengan pengambilan darah hari 1 dan hari 7, wawancara FFQ–SQ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kedua kelompok baik kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan sama sama memiliki hasil tidak terdapat hubungan asupan bahan makanan sumber vitamin D dan vitamin C pada responden yang terindikasi diabetes mellitus tipe II . Kesimpulan Tidak ada hubungan antara asupan bahan makanan sumber vitamin D dan vitamin C terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada responden yang terindikasi Diabetes Mellitus tipe IIKata kunci : Diabetes Mellitus Glukosa, Vitamin C, Vitamin D
Integrated approach in Ukrainian dairy industry: a case study from Poltava region
Authors: Gereles Anna
Published: February 2022

Integration processes in the field of agriculture, and particularly in dairy industry, have real prospects for improving the efficiency of business entities in this industry due to technological features. Particular attention should be paid to vertically integrated business models that allow hedging of various risk groups and minimizing costs due to the optimal combination of the efforts of enterprises belonging to such associations.
The purpose of the article is to study the current state of dairy industry in Poltava Region, Ukraine, and to show one of the conceptual ways to increase its economic efficiency. The paper presents a theoretical hypothesis concerning the necessity of vertically integrated agricultural formation’s creation in order to improve the competitiveness of dairy production in the region and having positive effect on sustainable development of dairy industry.
The practical significance of the study includes the possibility to use findings and recommendations set out in the paper for introduction of mutually beneficial economic relations between agricultural, dairy and trade enterprises in concluding agreements on joint activities based on a successful example from Poltava Region, and contribute to the stabilization, development and increase of the enterprises’ efficiency in Ukrainian dairy industry.
JEL code: F15, Q13
Consumers’ Awareness, Perception and Interest in Labelling of Processed Foods in Ghana: A Case of ‘Sobolo’
Authors: Nimoh Fred , Opoku-Agyeman Gifty , Frimpong Alexander Annor
Published: February 2022

Food labels contain much information that helps consumers to make decisions based on the details which are of much importance to them. The study assessed awareness, perception and factors that influence consumers’ interest in labelling of sobolo in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ashanti region, Ghana. Systematic random sampling was used to select 300 respondents from five randomly selected sub-metros and data were collected using a semi structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, tables and percentages were used to summarize the socio-economic characteristics of respondents. Perception index was used to assess the perception statements on the product labelling and the Logistic Regression Model was used to analyze the factors that significantly influence consumers’ interest in labelling of sobolo. Results of the study showed that majority (97.3%) of respondents were not aware of labelled sobolo but 67% was interested, though with low awareness. The estimated perception index (2.8) showed that consumers had positive perception about labelling of sobolo. Among the socio-economic characteristics; age, education, household income and household size and respondents’ perception on health and safety aspects of sobolo were found to significantly influence interest in labelling of sobolo. In conclusion, the study found that, consumers would prefer different information on labels and thus their interests are significantly influenced by different factors. It is recommended that efforts should be made to promote the awareness, education and interest in labelling of food products to enhance production, consumption and sustainability of the food industry.
Assessment of women farmers’ credit needs in imbulpe ds division in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rathnachandra Dilini
Published: February 2022

The study was conducted to identify the role of women farmers’ credit needs, using Imbulpe (Divisional Secretariat) DS Division in Sri Lanka. As the sample size of study 238 women farmers were selected from seven selected (Grama Niladhari) GN divisions of the study area. This study was conducted to identify the areas and level of credit needed by women farmers. And also, the agricultural credit sources of was identified. Women farmers were selected by using the simple random sampling method. Questionnaire Survey was used as the data collection method from March to July 2019. Descriptive statistics was used for the data analyzing process and the result showed that, 59.7 % of the women farmers were observed within the middle ages (40-59 years), most of them were married, and 4-5 members within their family. 64.3 % of women farmers were studied up to secondary level education. Majority of the women farmers were noted that they need credit facilities for the application of agrochemicals and fertilizers. In Addition to that, utilization of modern farming technologies, transportation & marketing of agricultural products and purchasing improved seeds & livestock related credit neediness most important for them. And also, they were showed a less interest regarding the credit neediness for pre-planting activities, irrigation facilities and harvesting activities. Most of the respondents were indicated high level of credit neediness for the application of agrochemicals and fertilizers and utilization of modern farming technologies while moderate and low level of agricultural credit neediness regarding the pre-planting activities, irrigation facilities and harvesting activities within the study area. Majority of the respondents were showed savings from the previous agricultural earnings and other family member or fellow women as their major credit sources of agricultural activities. Private money lenders act as the least important credit source for agricultural activities in the study area.
JEL CODE: Q1, Q12
Factors affecting acceptance of smart retail solutions in Hungary: an empirical study using UTAUT2 model
Authors: Szabó-Szentgroti Eszter , Szabó-Szentgróti Gábor
Published: February 2022

In today's digitalisation process, retail is also undergoing a transformation, with the emergence of new smart solutions. Integrating intelligent solutions into a business model means new strategic challenges for retailing companies. The aim of the research is to examine the factors influencing the behavioural intention and use behaviour of smart retail solutions (SRS). The proposed model was based on the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). Data was collected by conducting a questionnaire of 302 Hungarian respondents. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and partial least squares (PLS-SEM) estimation were implemented. The results showed that behavioural intention is significantly and positively influenced by effort expectancy and it is significantly and negatively influenced by facilitating conditions. Most of the respondents are not yet regular users of SRS, and the market penetration of front-end intelligent solutions in retail is considered as rather low.
JEL code: M10, M31, O14
Value in grass
Authors: Halász András , Suli Agnes , Miko Edit , Persovits Edina , Orosz Szilvia
Published: February 2022

Climate adaptation is a major challenge. Chasing the sufficient amount of hay is getting in higher priority. Distant mass hay producers give favourable offers despite long distances. Quality is also gaining position and indicators like RFQ (Relative Forage Quality) is highlighting the marketing language. Hay market as we knew no longer exists in Hungary. Most farmers produce their own hay and do not spend extra cents to buy bales. Climate change however, force them to adapt and store more bales for the future. Horse owners and dairy farmers are the main driver to convince hay producers to provide high quality forage. We gathered Hungarian regional hay-price information and evaluated the trends in this sector. The demand-driven hay-price is in contradiction with premium quality timothy grass hay.
JEL code: Q11
To Treat or not to Treat? Multiple Asymptomatic Intracorneal and Subconjunctival Gunpowder Foreign Bodies
Authors: C. Dabian Derrick André , Leguizamón-Stevenson Anamaría , Rey-Rodríguez Diana V.
Published: February 2022

We examined a male patient with multiple corneal and conjunctival foreign bodies. The composition of the material seemed not to be toxic due to the non-inflammatory, calm appearance of the eye and the asymptomatic course. Therefore, the removal of the foreign bodies was not necessary. Currently, the patient remains asymptomatic.
Espasmo acomodativo en ojo contralateral post queratomielusis in situ asistida con láser (Lasik)
Authors: León Arroyo Lina María , Isaza Luis Guillermo , Sánchez-Espinosa Jenny Maritza , Rey-Rodríguez Diana V.
Published: February 2022

El espasmo acomodativo es una entidad multifactorial en la que se produce una hiperfunción del músculo ciliar que induce miopía. Se puede desarrollar con posterioridad a la cirugía refractiva, generando reducción de expectativas y síntomas visuales molestos para el paciente. En este artículo se reporta un caso de espasmo de acomodación en el ojo no operado posterior a la Lasik, con refracción sin cicloplejia OD + 0,25 OI -3,00 Sph y con cicloplejia OD -0,25 OI +0,25 Sph. La respuesta visual y refractiva fue adecuada al tratamiento de relajación y flexibilidad de acomodación con lente positivo y flippers. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este escrito fue revisar la terapia visual posquirúrgica y la etiología que subyace a esta condición inusual.