bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’être-soi et l’être-seul. Le problème de la solitude dans la phénoménologie de Michel Henry
Authors: JEAN GRÉGORI
Published: April 2017

Plus qu’aucune autre dans la tradition phénoménologique, la pensée de Michel Henry semble prêter le flanc à l’objection de solipsisme : non seulement en raison de son traitement en apparence tardif du problème de l’expérience d’autrui, mais aussi en ceci que, positivement cette fois, L’essence de la manifestation fait explicitement de la « solitude » l’un des traits fondamentaux de l’être de l’ego. À rebours d’une telle interprétation, et prenant appui sur un ensemble de notes de jeunesse parfois inédites, cette étude se propose au contraire de montrer qu’une telle « solitude », parce qu’elle permet de conférer à l’idée même de « subjectivité » une signification tout à fait nouvelle et originale, constitue aux yeux de M. Henry le seul lieu possible d’un authentique rapport à l’autre — pour autant qu’il est un Soi.
"Endless Possibilities" — Embodied Experiences and Connection in Social Salsa Dancing
Authors: McClure B.
Published: April 2017

This article offers an analysis of embodied experiences and connections in social salsa dancing. Framed within a theoretical context that views bodily practices as both the enactment of normative ideals and as a negotiation of personal freedom against normative ideals, social salsa dancing offers a rich empirical context to explore how we make sense of our bodies, bodily practices, and embodied experience. Drawing on fieldwork conducted as part of a doctoral study in addition to a decade of personal experience, I argue that social salsa dancing cultivates kinesthetic, tactile, and musical senses, and emphasizes the value of attentive embodied interactions and momentary connections with others. I conclude that exploring the possibilities of these interactions and connections offers a potentially emancipatory way of working on one’s embodied self.
Embodied Judgment in Hannah Arendt: From Boethius and Huck Finn to Transnational Feminisms
Authors: Fulfer Katy
Published: April 2017

Feminists have found Arendt helpful in articulating a theory of judgment across cultural differences. Embodiment enters this discussion, usually, through attention to enlarged mentality. In contrast, I approach embodiment and judgment by looking at undertheorized connections with Arendt’s conception of “thinking.” Drawing on a discussion of Boethius and Huckleberry Finn, I suggest that persons are led to thinking (and to judgment) by lived contradictions, that is, by instances in which their experiences cannot be interpreted through dominant norms in their society or culture. I also consider a claim that oppression hinders a person’s ability to be receptive to enlarged mentality, thus making it difficult for oppressed persons in Third World contexts to exercise judgment. In response, I examine how an oppressed person is receptive to meaning-making through negotiating lived contradictions.
Csipkerózsika, ébredj! – avagy új kihívások előtt a közösségi hozzáférés
Authors: Gáspár Mátyás
Published: April 2017

A cikk egy sajátosan magyar közösségi hozzáférési rendszer – a teleházak – fejlődésének hullámzó – egy korai időszakban rendkívül jelentős hazai és nemzetközi kihatású – magyarországi történetét és akkori sikerének „titkát” dolgozza fel. Bemutatja az egyszer már elszalasztott, vagy kevésbé kategorikusan az eddig kellően ki nem használt esélyt. Állítása – amit bizonyítani igyekszik – az, hogy a digitális transzformációban ennek az intézményrendszernek újra feladata van, de a tét sokkal nagyobb. Alapkérdése, hogy vajon visszatérhet-e egy régi-új kerékvágásba a máig élő helyi társadalomba és gazdaságba ágyazott intézményrendszer, s ha igen, akkor milyen szerepben, s mitől függ az, hogy ez megtörténhessen. Az egyik legfontosabb garancia a teleházak közösségi jellege, ami összhangban áll a modern társadalom és gazdaság közösségi önszerveződési trendjével, ami a digitális jövő befogadási képességének is egyik meghatározó tényezője. A teleházak és hálózatuk újjászületésének jelei jól látszanak és egyértelműek, országos mozgalom és program alapjai lehetnek, aminek kibontakozó keretei új esélyt adnak, immár a digitális transzformáció legszélesebb körű megvalósításának hatékony támogatására.

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Sleeping Beauty, wake up!

The article gives an overview of the history and the “secret” of the success of a specific Hungarian community access model, the network of telecottages, which had a variable development path including an early stage which has produced a remarkable impact both on the domestic and the international scenes. It presents the opportunity missed or to be less categorical, the opportunity which has not been properly used so far. The assertion which the article aims to prove is that digital transformation creates a new role for this institution, but this time around the stakes are higher. It examines whether this institution - which is embedded in the local society and economy - can return to business as usual and if so what role it should take and what factors are needed to enable this. A key guarantee for its ability to make this transformation is the community nature of the telecottage system, which fits in well with the trend of self-organisation that characterises modern societies and economies, and which in turn is also a decisive factor in being able to come to grips with the digital future. There are clear signs of a renaissance for the telecottage institution and its network, which bode well for becoming the basis of a countrywide movement and programme. The evolving framework of this programme provides a new opportunity for this model to play an effective part in supporting the digital transformation in the widest possible sense.
Az Okos Város Fejlesztési Modellről
Authors: Szemerey Samu , Rab Judit
Published: April 2017

Magyarországon kormányzati szándék, hogy az okos város fejlesztések szakmai megalapozása és rendszerbe foglalása központi koordináció mentén, a vonatkozó európai irányelvek figyelembevételével, a települések gazdasági hatékonyságának növelésére és fenntarthatóbbá, élhetőbbé tételére fókuszálva történjen. A Lechner Tudásközpont építésügyi, települési és térségi tervezési-fejlesztési szakmai háttérintézményként kapta meg a Tudásplatform létrehozásához szükséges kormányzati felhatalmazást. Az elmúlt másfél évben több megalapozó szakmai dokumentum is készült – Smart City Tudásplatform Metodikai javaslat, Településértékelés és monitoring Módszertani javaslat, Smart City Példatár, Okos Város Fejlesztési Modell Tervezési útmutató – amelyek a fejlesztések tágabb hazai és európai keretrendszerét, jó gyakorlatait ismertetik, valamint egy új stratégiai tervezési módszertan bevezetését készítik elő.

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About the Smart City Development Model

The Hungarian government policy concerning smart city developments is that they should be centrally coordinated, based on a common knowledge platform harmonized with related EU policies and focusing on the economic efficiency, sustainability and attractiveness of cities. Lechner Knowledge Centre, a background institution of the Prime Minister’s Office in the fields of architecture, spatial planning and related IT services, was tasked with establishing the specific knowledge platform. Over the past two years, several important documents have been released as part of this platform – Smart City Knowledge Platform Methodology proposal, City Evaluation and Monitoring System Methodology proposal, Smart City Best Practices, Smart City Development Model – that introduce the national and European program frameworks, present best practices and prepare a new method for strategic planning.
Városfejlesztés és okos városok a mutatószámok tükrében
Authors: Kun László
Published: April 2017

Az okos város témakör és az okos város fejlesztések szerepének növekedésével egyre nagyobb szükség van a mérhetőséget és végrehajthatóságot biztosító, megfelelő indikátorok kidolgozására. Az indikátorok nélkül a projektek teljesítményének mérése nem hajtható végre, ezért egyre több olyan módszertant készítenek el stratégiai vagy döntéshozói szinten, amelyek széles körben, akár globális méretekben is alkalmazhatóak, függetlenül az értékelt város, projekt földrajzi elhelyezkedésétől, jellegéről, típusától, adottságaitól. A cikkben áttekintésre kerül több, jelenleg használt, felső szintű indikátorrendszer, amelyek fő elemeinek, tartalmának elemzése szerepel. Az indikátorrendszerek tartalmának bemutatása után következtetések olvashatóak alkalmazhatóságukról, gyakorlati bevezethetőségükről és a cikk javasolja olyan teljes körű mutatószám módszertan kidolgozását, amelyből bármely város kiválaszthatja a számára releváns lehetőségeket.

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Indicators to measure urban developments and smart cities

Due to the growing role of the smart city topic and number of smart city developments the preparation of sufficient indicator systems and methodologies is more necessary than ever. Without the indicators, the project execution and measurement are not possible, therefore more and more methodologies are prepared at a strategic or decision-making level. These indicator systems can be applied universally or globally, independently from the geographical location, size or other features of the cities or the projects. This essay provides an overview of several high-level indicator systems and methodologies and analyses contents and structures. After the presentation of the methodologies the essay summarises the opportunities for possible application, sets out a practical introduction and proposes the preparation of a complete methodology, which can be used as a framework for any city to create its own indicator system.
EditorialBoard 3
Authors: Suen Vivian Marques Miguel
Published: April 2017

EditorialBoard 3
Peso materno em gestantes de baixo risco na atenção pré-natal
Authors: Santos José Gilmar Costa , Silva Jacqueline Mazzotti Cavalcanti da , Passos Ailane Maria Prado Reis , Monteiro Bruna Karoline Santos Melo , Maia Milena Mauricio , Silva Rosileide Alves da , Silva Jacqueline Mazzotti Cavalcanti da , Dias Júlia Maria Gonçalves
Published: April 2017

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o estado nutricional de gestantes de baixo risco durante o pré-natal, caracterizar
o perfil sociodemográfico e quantificar as pacientes com peso inadequado. MÉTODOS: Estudo
observacional, prospectivo em gestantes de baixo risco atendidas em postos de saúde de Aracaju,
Sergipe, no período de março a junho de 2014. A avaliação seguiu o padrão nutricional preconizado
pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) e foi realizada em três consultas consecutivas, onde o índice de massa
corpórea (IMC) foi calculado pelo pesquisador. Dados socioeconômicos e gestacionais das pacientes
foram colocados em formulário próprio. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o software EPI-INFO,
confeccionadas tabelas de distribuição de frequências e realizados testes de associação de variáveis.
RESULTADOS: Foram selecionadas 188 gestantes, destas 150 foram elegíveis. A média de idade
foi de 26 anos, com desvio padrão de 6,53. O peso pré-gestacional médio foi de 56,3 kg (± 20,8), os
pesos médios na primeira, segunda e terceira avaliações foram 65,17 kg (± 12,8), 67,56 kg (± 12,9)
e 69,97 kg (± 12,6), respectivamente. O preenchimento do cartão da gestante estava incompleto em
63% dos casos. No período pré-gestacional, 14% encontravam-se desnutridas e 14% obesas. Foi
observada associação significativa entre o IMC identificado nas consultas e a inadequação do IMC prégestacional
(p<0,01). CONCLUSÕES: A maioria das gestantes apresentou IMC alterado ao longo das
avaliações. O preenchimento de cartão pré-natal se mostrou inadequado, mas não houve associação
com o IMC no decorrer da gestação. O fator relacionado com a alteração de IMC gestacional foi o IMC
pré-gestacional inadequado.
Study on the Development of Education: Contextual Secondary Education in Papua
Authors: Hamadi Hans
Published: April 2017

Utilizing knowledge of education to manage technology as modern human lifestyles and meet the demands of work and life is the subject of this study. While those living in the suburbs to meet the demands of education, utilizing information technology as a way of life will come to their rescue. They also still use the natural wealth of forests, mountains and oceans as a source of learning and life. In remote areas, technology and the demands of rapid change, are sluggish and does not make the technology as a necessity of life. They depend on nature to meet their educational knowledge as well as the necessities of life. How technology can be implemented and enjoyed on this earth without distinguishing its diversity. They utilize contextual nature as education and then institutionalized it in teaching. Every human being has the same rights and if in fact there is a gap it means that there is injustice. So there are things that need to be repaired. The knowledge and skills of human resources in the context of this study are defined as an entity of teachers. Human and organizational resources, which indeed underlies the base of organizational performance. There is a substantive difference between knowledge and skill. The concept of knowledge is more oriented to intelligence, intellect, and extensive mastery of knowledge and the narrowness of insight that one. This is a qualitative descriptive study based on the paradigm of post positivism. Qualitative research is still using the theories and concepts that are not tested as in positivism paradigm. The results of the study of literature are (1) The need for establishing educational institutions in each region are categorized as remote and isolated areas. (2) Closer direct services to remote and isolated areas then form the institution can be either natural school. (3) Adequate education that is modified and performed should remain principled and lead to economic value, efficiently utilize the environment without leaving the quality of education. Efforts to render these services is in line with Government Regulation No. 19 Year 2005 on National Education Standards, at the school level, which can be used as a referral to the rule above are: (1) education as a process of acculturation and empowerment. (2) Education in order to increase the nation's competitiveness. (3) Education for development. (4) Education for affirmative action / serving disadvantaged communities. (5) The commitment to the policy of providing certain types of education.
Turkish Adaptation of Nature of Technology Scale
Authors: ATES Huseyin , DURMAZ Serbay
Published: April 2017

Technology has always existed not for recently. For ages, its effect has occurred on society, economy and politics and evolution of technology is closely related to human development. Accordingly, human needs and desires are satisfied with technological knowledge and problem solving which is seemed as innovative change (International Technology Education Association [ITEA], 2005). However, nature and scope of technology which is a very important place in our lives is not fully understood (AydÄ±n & Karacam, 2015; Bybee, 2010; DiGironimo, 2011; ITEA, 2006). Researches about nature of technology showed that technology in people's minds remains just as electric products, such as phones or computers (DeVries, 2003; Lewis, 1999; Volk & Dugger, 2005). Technology should be considered as a whole not one thing that separates the parts (Williams, 2000; YÄ±ldÄ±z & BaltacÄ±, 2016). Understanding nature of technology is possible with only education completely. Since there are limited studies about nature of technology in science education (e.g., Liou, 2015) and is no required number of scales especially in Turkish language, this study is needed. For all of these needs to be resolved, the purpose of this study is to adapt â€˜Nature of Technology Scaleâ€™ into Turkish. The sample consisted of 255 pre-service science teachers who enrolled in the faculty of education of a university in Turkey. In the study, as an instrument, â€˜The Student Concepts of the Nature of Technology Questionnaireâ€™ developed by Liou (2015) was used. The data in this study were collected in the 2015-2016 spring semester. Data were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. According to findings, our data results showed that this study is suitable for Turkish adaptation of scale (CMÄ±n/Df, 1.52, GFI, .94, NFI, .92, RMSEA, .04, CFI, .95). Turkish form of the scale has 29 items that fall under 6 factors.
Influence of Cultural Organization and Leadership on the Performance of Employees Mediated Job Satisfaction on District Health Department Mimika Papua
Authors: Halley Adolf , Kambuaya B , Ronsumbre J , Risamasu Ferdinand
Published: April 2017

Cultural organizations have become the talk very interesting and very important in today's era. Not just in depth but in order to make changes continuously, making the competitive advantage and the ability to survive in an era of constantly changing. If an organization is not treated culture then the organization can certainly run into problems which ultimately affect the sustainability of the organization. Organizational culture becomes a key element of the changes that will be a huge impact for the working system of the organization. The purpose of this study is; (1) To examine and analyze organization with cultural influence, directly or indirectly through job satisfaction on the performance of employees at the Department of Health Government of Mimika District of Papua Province (2) To examine and analyze the effect leadership directly or indirectly through job satisfaction on the performance of employees at the Department of Health Government of Mimika District of Papua Province. (3) To examine and analyze the effect job satisfaction on the performance of employees at the Department of Health Government of Mimika District of Papua Province. Unit sample in this study were clerks in Mimika District Health Office. Respondents amounted to 259 employees, were taken using the convenient sampling method. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of the program Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). The results showed that. The results showed that organizational culture and positive significant influence on employee performance both directly and indirectly through job satisfaction. It shows that when organizations are paying attention and make improvements to the organization's culture will directly be able to increase job satisfaction and indirectly affect employee performance. Leadership and positive significant effect on employee performance, both directly and indirectly through job satisfaction. It shows that the improvement of leadership in the organization will directly improve the performance of employees or indirectly through job satisfaction. Job satisfaction had positive significant influence on employee performance. This means that increasing employee satisfaction will be able to improve employee performance.
Effects of skeletally anchored Class II elastics: A pilot study and new approach for treating Class II malocclusion
Authors: Ozbilek Selin , Gungor Ahmet Yalcin , Celik Salih
Published: April 2017

Objective:

To evaluate the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue effects of skeletally anchored Class II elastics and compare them with a matched control group treated by a monobloc appliance for the correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion.

Materials and Methods:

Twelve patients (6 girls, 6 boys) were randomly divided into two groups. In the elastics group, six patients (12.9 ± 1.5 years of age; 3 boys, 3 girls) were treated with skeletally anchored Class II elastics. Two miniplates were placed bilaterally at the ramus of the mandible and the other two miniplates were placed at the aperture piriformis area of the maxilla. In the monobloc group (3 boys and 3 girls; mean age, 12.3 ± 1.6 years), patients used the monobloc appliance. The changes observed in each phase of treatment were evaluated using the Wilcoxon matched-pair sign test. Intergroup comparisons at the initial phase of treatment were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results:

There were statistically significant group differences in Co-Gn, B-VRL, U1-PP, U1-VRL, Ls-VRL, with significant increases in these parameters in the elastics group (P < .05). The mandibular incisors were protruded in the monobloc group (5.45 ± 1.23°), whereas they were retruded in the elastics group (−3.01 ± 1.66°; P < .01).

Conclusions:

The undesirable dentoalveolar effects of the monobloc appliance were eliminated by using miniplate anchorage. Favorable skeletal outcomes can be achieved by skeletal anchorage therapies which could be an alternative to treat skeletal Class II patients with mandibular deficiency.
Effect of Surface Treatment, Silane, and Universal Adhesive on Microshear Bond Strength of Nanofilled Composite Repairs
Authors: Fornazari IA , Wille I , Meda EM , Brum RT , Souza EM
Published: April 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment and universal adhesive on the microshear bond strength of nanoparticle composite repairs.

Methods: One hundred and forty-four specimens were built with a nanofilled composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra, 3M ESPE). The surfaces of all the specimens were polished with SiC paper and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 14 days. Half of the specimens were then air abraded with Al2O3 particles and cleaned with phosphoric acid. Polished specimens (P) and polished and air-abraded specimens (A), respectively, were randomly divided into two sets of six groups (n=12) according to the following treatments: hydrophobic adhesive only (PH and AH, respectively), silane and hydrophobic adhesive (PCH, ACH), methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)–containing silane and hydrophobic adhesive (PMH, AMH), universal adhesive only (PU, AU), silane and universal adhesive (PCU, ACU), and MDP-containing silane and universal adhesive (PMU, AMU). A cylinder with the same composite resin (1.1-mm diameter) was bonded to the treated surfaces to simulate the repair. After 48 hours, the specimens were subjected to microshear testing in a universal testing machine. The failure area was analyzed under an optical microscope at 50× magnification to identify the failure type, and the data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance and the Games-Howell test (α=0.05).

Results: The variables “surface treatment” and “adhesive” showed statistically significant differences for p<0.05. The highest mean shear bond strength was found in the ACU group but was not statistically different from the means for the other air-abraded groups except AH. All the polished groups except PU showed statistically significant differences compared with the air-abraded groups. The PU group had the highest mean among the polished groups. Cohesive failure was the most frequent failure mode in the air-abraded specimens, while mixed failure was the most common mode in the polished specimens.

Conclusions: While air abrasion with Al2O3 particles increased the repair bond strength of the nanoparticle composite, the use of MDP-containing silane did not lead to a statistically significant increase in bond strength. Silane-containing universal adhesive on its own was as effective as any combination of silane and adhesive, particularly when applied on air-abraded surfaces.
Surface and shape unification of excimer pulse irradiated Ag nanoparticles and associated surface-enhanced Raman scattering properties
Authors: Guo Mengyang , Zhao Yan , Feng Chao , Li Shuanghao , Jiang Yijian
Published: April 2017

Uniform, spherical Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were produced using nanosecond excimer pulsed laser ablation of a colloid target, which had been previously prepared using silver nitrate reduction. After the irradiation experiment, the surface condition and morphology of the samples were revealed by transmission electron microscopy, and the changes in the NPs characteristics caused by different laser fluences were confirmed using optical transmission measurements with an ultraviolet–visible-infrared spectrophotometer. A considerable narrowing of the surface plasmon extinction band was achieved at 300–450 mJ laser irradiation condition, and a quantitative concept of “circularity” was put forward to estimate the degree of optimization. In addition, the effect of light-pressure explains the cause of slight collision and fusion among the nanoparticles. An analysis of these characteristics offers direct evidence of good dispersion and a change in surface shape from irregular to an ideal spherical form. A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) experiment was proposed, based on the substrate of an irradiated Ag nanoparticle, and this showed new optimized properties for SERS detection. It also involves using a heat-melting mechanism to effect change, which assumes a solid–liquid–solid phase change chain and can be explained simply by triggering the photon absorption of electrons and their coupling to the Ag lattice, which is then terminated by a heat release to the solvent.
A Review of Unusual New Projectile Types
Authors: Poulos Christopher K. , Tlomak Wieslawa
Published: April 2017

Specialty ammunition and projectile types may present a challenge to a forensic pathologist as they can alter the appearance of wounds and have unique structural components that can make interpretation of gunshot wound patterns more difficult. Although specialty projectiles have existed for years, several new projectile types have recently been developed. These include ammunition tailored around new hunting regulations, around new polymer usage, and around new handgun types that can fire both conventional ammunition and shotshells. In this article the authors will discuss known design and forensically relevant characteristics of some new ammunition types including the Hornady Critical Defense cartridges and shotshells, the Hornady Critical Duty cartridges, the Cor-Bon Glaser Pow'RBall cartridges, the Winchester PDX1 .410 shotshell, and the Winchester Blind Side shotshell.
A Ballistics Study of the Winchester Supreme Elite PDX1 Ammunition
Authors: Lapham-Simpson Courtney , Lebaron Ryan C. , Haag Mike , Hatch Gary , Nolte Kurt B.
Published: April 2017

The Winchester Supreme Elite PDX1 .410 gauge shotgun ammunition for the Taurus Judge revolver is uniquely comprised of three copper-plated discs, 12 copper-plated BB shot pellets and a plastic shot cup. To evaluate potential wounding patterns, we characterized superficial impact, penetration, and penetration with an intermediate target. Surface patterns were assessed with foam core boards. Penetration was assessed using gelatin blocks. Penetration with an intermediate target was assessed using gelatin blocks covered by a povidone-iodine soaked shirt. All blocks were radiographed and scanned by computed tomography (CT). At increasing muzzle-to-target distances, the overall projectile spread pattern increased. There was consistent separation of the three copper-plated discs at distances beyond six feet. Discs remained centrally located with the pellets spread peripherally, in a circular pattern. This pattern persisted in the penetration tests, with the discs penetrating deeper than the pellets. Radio-opaque clothing fragments were identified both superficially and deep within the gelatin blocks. Rifling conferred stability to the coaxially aligned discs and imparted centrifugal forces to the non-aligned pellets resulting in the surface and gelatin patterns. The combination of surface and radiographic findings should allow a forensic pathologist to suspect this ammunition prior to dissection. Wounds created by this ammunition in living patients might require extensive debridement to avoid abscess formation and foreign body reactions.
The Large Role of Prescription Drugs in Accidental Drug Deaths
Authors: Dolinak David
Published: April 2017

Drug abuse may involve illicit drugs, prescription drugs, or the combination of illicit and prescription drugs, with or without the use of alcohol. Historically, illicit drugs have been responsible for many of the drug-related deaths investigated by medical examiner and coroner offices. However, in more recent years, deaths resulting from prescription drugs have become increasingly more common. This study reviewed all accidental (unintentional) drug deaths that were investigated at a medical examiner's office over a one-year time frame. The study revealed that prescription drugs made up the largest category of drug deaths, followed by prescription drug/illicit drug combinations, followed by illicit drugs. Drugs capable of causing or contributing to significant respiratory insufficiency such as opioids, benzodiazepines, relaxants (defined as muscle relaxants or sleep medications), and alcohol, or some combination thereof, were detected in 197 out of 256 (77%) of all accidental drug deaths, and were detected in 132 out of 138 (95%) of all prescription drug deaths (cases without any illicit drugs detected). These prescription drugs were most often found in combination, and their similar respiratory depressant effects can be cumulative and deadly.
The Ethics of External Peer Review
Authors: Oliver William R.
Published: April 2017

External peer review can be a useful part of a quality improvement program. However, it can also be used for political and punitive purposes. The distinction between potentially useful and damaging review is largely an issue of the ethics of how it is done. The ethics of external peer review lie not only in the process itself, but also in the role of the pathologists performing the review. While there are many ethical issues involved in external peer review, the most important may be a dedication to due process, allowing the pathologist under review to respond to allegations, and an insistence on complete information prior to drawing conclusions. Well established criteria for external peer review may provide protection both for the pathologist under review against allegations of negligence or incompetence, but also for the reviewers against accusations of bad faith.
Organ and Tissue Retention
Authors: Haden-Pinneri Kathryn , Weedn Victor W.
Published: April 2017

Few legal challenges have had the potential to disrupt the functions of medical examiner and coroner offices as much as those related to organ and tissue retention. Typically a routine part of the autopsy process, blood and tissue samples are submitted for toxicologic testing, microscopic examination, and/or retained for consultation with specialists. Despite being governed by state laws, most state statutes do not specifically address the issue of organ and tissue retention. This oversight has allowed for variability in the interpretation of the rights of the legal next of kin, opening the doors to litigation. This article reviews the legal implications associated with organ and tissue retention, summarizes the litigation in the United States and other countries, discusses the subsequent changes in practice that have occurred, and the need for support from state and national organizations.
Ethics Education in Forensic Pathology Fellowship Training: Is there a Need?
Authors: Scott Denton J.
Published: April 2017

Relatively little has been written about ethics in the practice of forensic pathology, considering its critical importance to the individual practitioner and the specialty's long-term survival. While the general foundation of highly ethical behavior has hopefully been established prior to entering the fellowship year, the practice of forensic pathology is unique and has its own special ethical issues, requiring active intentional education. The fellowship training year is the best setting in which to formally discuss the ethical behaviors required in the daily practice of forensic pathology. The American Counsel for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) also requires the demonstration of professionalism and ethical behavior during the fellowship, which includes ethics education. Almost all forensic pathology program directors report that ethics training is conducted on an opportunistic case-based basis as ethical issues arise during training. The majority of forensic pathology program directors would welcome a focused “Ethical Issues in Forensic Pathology” educational module following the Core Curriculum lecture platform and based upon the ACGME Core Competencies and developed by the National Association of Medical Examiners (NAME).
Ethical Issues in Forensic Testimony Involving Abusive Head Trauma
Authors: Holmgren Brian K.
Published: April 2017

Medical examiners provide critical diagnostic and testimonial information in abusive head trauma cases. Courtroom challenges to these diagnostic criteria and contested expert testimony have raised concerns about ethical and professional conduct of practitioners. Legal evidentiary standards for expert testimony, ethical guidelines established by medical organizations, and proposed standards for ethical practice provide a background for examination of several common challenges and testimonial claims in these cases.
The Forensic Pathology of Drowning and Pulmonary Overexpansion Injury
Authors: Caruso James L.
Published: April 2017

Drowning deaths are commonly seen in most forensic pathology practices. Experienced forensic pathologists perform autopsies and assign a cause and manner of death in such cases as a matter of routine. Deaths due to pulmonary overexpansion injury and subsequent air embolism are far less common and typically involve individuals who have been breathing compressed gas at depth, generally SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) divers. This review outlines the pathophysiological basis of these two forensic pulmonary issues and recommends an approach to performing and interpreting the results of a forensic autopsy when faced with such cases.
Death Investigation in South Dakota Indian Country
Authors: Randall Bradley B.
Published: April 2017

In the first part of the 20th century, Native American tribal reservations were allowed to become self-governing, semiautonomous sovereign nations. Although these tribal governments have the authority to establish their own death investigation systems, in South Dakota, the tribes have largely ceded this authority to the county coroners. The county coroner role at unattended deaths in Indian Country has been largely taken over by law enforcement (the Federal Bureau of Investigation and/or the Bureau of Indian Affairs), leaving the county coroner with limited duties other than signing death certificates. The majority of autopsies ordered on unattended tribal area deaths are procured by law enforcement, in part since law enforcement is the only agency with sufficient funds to pay for autopsies.
California: Home of the Sheriff-Coroner
Authors: O'Halloran Ronald L.
Published: April 2017

The great majority of counties in California have elected sheriff-coroners conducting medicolegal death investigations. State law enabling such a combination of official duties, favorable administrative structures, available staffing, funding and training issues have supported the intra-state spread of this death investigation system. Criticism of death investigation systems lead by officers whose primary duty is policing have centered on the perception of a conflict of interest in deaths investigated criminally by the sheriff-coroner and in deaths in the custody of the sheriff-coroner. Though such deaths are intermittently publicized and questioned in the media, no objective data has been collected and reported to support or refute such concerns.
A Synopsis of the 1928 National Research Council's Bulletin on “The Coroner and the Medical Examiner”
Authors: Hanzlick Randy L.
Published: April 2017

The 1928 National Research Council (NRC) Bulletin on “ The Coroner and the Medical Examiner” is an often-referenced report because it compares the two system types and recommends that coroner systems be abolished and replaced with medical examiner systems. Copies of the Bulletin are difficult to find, so this article provides a synopsis of the Bulletin's content. The NRC Bulletin 64 was prepared under the auspices of the seven-member “Committee on Medicolegal Problems.” The report itself begins with a historical summary of the coroner system and discussion of the medical and judicial duties of coroners, along with the inadequacy of existing autopsy facilities. Next is a review of previous surveys of coroner systems in New York City, Cleveland, and Missouri. The Committee conducted its own surveys of the coroner systems in New Orleans, San Francisco, and Chicago. The Committee also studied the medical examiner systems in Boston, other parts of Massachusetts, and in New York City. Other sections deal with the comparative costs of the two systems, teaching of forensic medicine, medicolegal institutes, scientific publications, a summary of defects of coroner systems and advantages of medical examiner systems, and eight summary recommendations. We must remember that the historical Bulletin was written nearly a century ago, and there has been much improvement in medicolegal death investigation since that time, many improvements having their roots in the NRC Bulletin recommendations. The Bulletin's recommendations have been fulfilled to various extents in many parts of the United States.
THE CALCULATING RESEARCH OF IMPROVING POSSIBILITY OF THE THERMAL STATE OF GAS-TUBE EXHAUST BOILER’S ELEMENTS
Authors: Bevza Denis Igorevich , Valiulin Sergey Nikolaevich , Shuraev Oleg Petrovich
Published: April 2017

The numerical experiment is described, made in the student version of the finite element analysis ELCUT software based on a mathematical model of one of the most thermally loaded units (gas chamber - building) of the gas-tube exhaust boiler, the results of the experiment are set out. The objectives of the modeling are to determine the fields of temperature and temperature gradients of the shell of the gas chamber options with and without thermal insulation inserts, as well as quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the thermal state of the exhaust boiler’s neck for both cases. The preparation of numerical experiment is described: the creation of a geometric model of the test site in the form of a set of blocks with an individual set of properties for each of them; assignment of the 3-rd class boundary conditions in the media of contact surfaces; due to the structural complexity of the model and the limitations imposed by the student version of the software ELCUT, the step of finite element grid was set manually. The numerical modeling results proved advisability of reducing the temperature gradient in the metal of the gas chamber along its axis, reducing the overall temperature in the experimental element by installing heat-insulating insertion, as well as sufficiently confirmed exactly a high level of stresses in the shell of the gas chamber, which has no insulation. As a result, the most dangerous section of the exhaust boiler’s neck case was determined and the information on the state of the temperature of the neck case elements for options with and without thermal insulation insert was provided, indicating the possibility of double reduction of temperature gradients along the generator of the gas chamber and, accordingly, the possibility of double reduction of thermal stresses in the most loaded zone.
TO THE PROBLEM OF USING CLASTER ANALYSIS IN THE PROCESS OF DRAFTING REGIONAL STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS
Authors: Mantsaeva Aisa Anatolievna , Mantaeva Elza Ivanovna
Published: April 2017

This article focuses on the problem how to classify regions according to their industry specialization using cluster analysis methods. There were selected 12 relative indicators as clustering parameters characterizing the importance of seven different sectors for the regional economies and the degree of state support of enterprises in these sectors. The classification procedure allowed to divide the studied regions into six clusters, each cluster received its working title. The first cluster is titled agro-industrial; it is characterized by the excessive national average indicators of the degree of state support in agriculture and power engineering in 2.4 and 1.6 times, respectively. The second cluster - industrial-presents regions with a high proportion of manufacturing activity using mainly imported raw materials. In the regions of the second cluster the federal government actively develops not only manufacturing and power engineering but power generation as well, 30.06% and 14.48% of total public investment, respectively. The third cluster - agricultural and construction - consists of traditionally agricultural regions and regions with rapidly developing construction sector. However, despite the fact that the value of agricultural industry in the third cluster regions is 2 times higher than the national average value, the degree of public support for the industry is still quite low. The fourth cluster - industrial and mining - brings together fifteen largest industrial regions, their activities are almost entirely provided by the domestic raw materials and energy stocks, which qualitatively distinguishes them from the second cluster regions. The fifth cluster - oil and gas production - is formed by seven richest regions in the federal districts of the Urals and the Far East, as well as the Nenets Autonomous District; these regions are characterized by the highest rates in mining industry. The sixth clusters - transport and power engineering - presents the group of regions with well-developed transport infrastructure and power engineering, many of them are major transport junctions in Russia. The results obtained are quite logical, appropriate and prove the effectiveness of the cluster analysis when processing large data sets. This fact confirms the validity and applicability of the cluster analysis in drafting regional strategic documents.
RESEARCH AND ASSESSMENT OF WORKERS’ COMPETITIVENESS AT INTRA-FIRM LABOUR MARKETS: A REGIONAL CUT
Authors: Gornastaeva Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: April 2017

The article deals with the problems of assessing and measuring workers’ competitiveness on intra-firm labour markets in a number of branches and spheres of economy at the regional level. The author gives a methodical approach to assessing workers’ competitiveness. For the purpose of researching the problems of competitiveness a survey of workers from different spheres of activity at the regional level was held (the survey was organized in Saratov, Balashov, Arkadak (the Saratov Oblast’)). Calculations were conducted according to individual/ group characteristics of workers’ competitiveness; according to qualitative and quantitative parameters; also there was conducted the calculation of the integral quotient of workers’ competitiveness according to the objects studied. The criteria for assessing the levels of workers’ competitiveness are offered. A comparative characteristic of the obtained results in assessing workers’ competitiveness is given. While assessing the integral quotients of workers’ competitiveness in the cities, an average level of workers’ competitiveness has been obtained. Rising workers’ competitiveness depends on maintaining their competence at the level meeting the requirements for job positions, labour processes or their forestalling.
Sastra Lisan Tengger Pilar Utama Pemertahanan Tradisi Tengger
Authors: Sutarto Ayu
Published: April 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan membahas sastra lisan Tengger sebagai tiang utama pemertahanan tradisi Tengger dengan pendekatan folklor. Sastra lisan yang dibahas adalah legenda Kasada dan Karo serta mantera. Dalam sejarah, legenda Kasada pernah terpengaruh oleh proses islamisasi, sementara legenda Karo memiliki pesan kultural yang menganjurkan persatuan dan kesatuan dalam perbedaan iman antara Budha-Hindu dan Islam. Meskipun demikian, dalam rekam jejak sejak era kolonial, legenda Kasada dan Karo serta mantra mengalami perubahan. Sastra lisan tersebut dapat bertahan hidup karena pewaris aktifnya telah menggunakannya sebagai tiang utama dalam tradisi Tengger.

Abstract:

This writing is aimed to discuss Tengger oral literature as a main pillar of Tengger tradition mainte- nance with folklore approach. Oral literature being discussed are Kasada and Karo legend and magic formula. In the history, Kasada legend has ever been influenced by islamization process, while Karo legend has a cultural message that suggests the unity in differences between Buddha-Hindu and Islam. Although, in the track record since colonial era, Kasada and Karo legend and magic formula sometimes change, the oral literatures can be still alive because their active heir has used them as a main pillar of Tengger tradition.

Keywords: Tengger, oral literature, Kasada legend, Karo legend
Membaca Indonesia dalam Orang-Orang Bawah Tanah: Kumpulan Naskah Drama
Authors: Seba Nur
Published: April 2017

Sebagai institusi sosial, karya sastra menghadirkan kehidupan dan masalah-masalah realitas sosial dalam rnasyarakat yang memengaruhi kehidupannya. Itulah sebabnya mengapa karya sastra memiliki fungsi sosial sebagai reaksi, penerimaan, kritik, atau ilustrasi tentang keadaan tertentu sebagaimana llham Zoebazary menggambarkan Indonesia sejak Orde Baru hingga reformasi dalam kumpulan naskah dramanya. Kritik yang diketengahkan berhubungan dengan pelayanan pemerintah, perilaku aparat pemerintah, kehidupan rakyat kecil, dan persoalan- persoalan sosial lainnya

Abstract:

As a social institution, a literary work presents a life and consists of-mostly-social realities that influence life. That is why literary works have social functions as a reaction, conception, criticism, or illustration about certain situation. As llham Zoebazary describes Indonesia since new era government until reformation period in his collection of drama texts. Criticisms that are presented interrelated with governments service, behavior and attitude of government official, proletariat's life, and so on.

Keywords: the collection of drama, underground people. and proletariat
Dongeng The Sleeping Beauty: Analisis Fungsi Menurut Vladimir Propp
Authors: Allien Astri Adriani , Juwita Inosensia Dinda
Published: April 2017

Tulisan ini membahas sebuah dongeng klasik Eropa, The Sleeping Beauty yang hingga saat ini masih dibaca, baik oleh anak-anak maupun orang dewasa. Dongeng ini bercerita tentang seorang puteri raja yang terkena kutukan sehingga tertidur selama seratus tahun dan kemudian diselamatkan oleh seorang pangeran dari negeri seberang. Sebagaimana dongeng pada umumnya, maka The Sleeping Beauty dianalisis menggunakan teori struktural yang dikemukakan oleh Vladimir Propp. Analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa dongeng The Sleeping Beauty memiliki struktur sebagaimana dongeng-dongeng Rusia yang telah dianalisis oleh Propp.

Abstract:

This paper discusses the European classical folktale entitled “The Sleeping Beauty”, which has so far been widely recognized by children and adults. This folktale tells about a princess who got cursed in such a way that she slept for a hundred years. She was then saved by a prince from another kingdom. In this paper, “The Sleeping Beauty” is analyzed by using Propp’s structural theory. The result of the analysis shows that “The Sleeping Beauty” has the structure similar to Russian folktales, the ones that have been analyzed by Propp.

Key Words : folktale, Propp’s structural analysis
“Kondisi Postmodern Kesusastraan Indonesia”: Sebuah Laporan Sejarah Sastra Indonesia
Authors: Tjahyadi Indra
Published: April 2017

Judul Buku : Kondisi Postmodern Kesusastraan Indonesia. Penulis : Ribut Wijoto.

Penerbit : Dewan Kesenian Jawa Timur.

Tahun Terbit : November, 2009.

Jumlah Halaman : 278 halaman.