bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES ESVERDEADAS DE SOJA TRATADAS COM BIOESTIMULANTE
Authors: Toledo Mariana Zampar , Fachin Caíque Araujo , Zucareli Valdir
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de doses crescentes de bioestimulante na qualidade fisiológica de sementes esverdeadas de soja. A aplicação de bioestimulante não influencia na germinação de sementes esverdeadas de soja. O comprimento das plântulas de soja é incrementado pela aplicação de doses crescentes de bioestimulante, mas os ganhos são mais acentuados em amostras com proporções reduzidas de sementes esverdeadas.
Orman içi dinlenme yerlerini kullanan ziyaretçilerin talep ve beklentilerinin belirlenmesi: Erzurum örneği
Authors: BAŞARAN Mehmet Ali , DEMİR Metin , AYHAN Yaşar , AĞYÜREK Cevdet , OKUTUCU Mehmet Akif , ÖKSÜZ Selami
Published: April 2020

Erzurum ili sınırları içerisinde bulunan, “C”
ve “B” tipi mesire yeri özelliğine sahip 7 adet Orman İçi Dinlenme Yerinin
(OİDY), rekreasyonel potansiyelinin belirlenmesi, eksikliklerin tespit edilmesi
ve yeni önerilen alan kullanımlarının belirlenerek bu konuda çözümlerin ortaya
konulması amacıyla, bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında İspir-Hoşutlar,
Oltu-Uzunoluk, Olur-Akdağ, Horasan-Fidanlık, Uzundere-Zuvarboğazı, Şenkaya-H.
Mehmet Sırma ile Narman-Göllü OİDY alanlarına, bölgenin mevsim şartlarının izin
verdiği ölçüde Mayıs-Ekim ayları arasında gidilerek yerinde gözlem ve alanlar
hakkında veri toplanmıştır. Ayrıca alanları ziyaret eden 479 kişiyle basit
rastgele yöntemle yapılan yüz yüze anket çalışmasında, alanların sosyal,
kültürel ve fiziksel durumlarına ilişkin mevcut durumları ve ziyaretçi
görüşlerinin ortaya çıkartılması amacıyla ziyaretçilere 10 adet soru
yöneltilmiştir.  Anket sonunda toplanan
veriler SPSS 21.0 istatistik paket programında değerlendirilmiş ve frekans
tabloları çıkarılmıştır. Değerlendirmeler, oluşan tablolar üzerinden
yapılmıştır.
Altering Surface Topography of Electrospun Fibers
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Murat
Published: April 2020

When considering fiber-based
materials, electrospinning is a fascinating method for producing polymeric nano/micro
fibers in comparison with other techniques. Its wide range of applications from
engineering to medicine make electrospinning gain great interest. Beside
fibrous structure of fiber mats, topographical features on and/or inside fiber
surfaces make them ideal candidates for site-specific applications. Several
approaches have been adopted to gain desired topographical textures on
individual fiber surfaces. Solvent properties, environmental conditions and
also conditions for preparing fibers induce topographical changes in various
physical characteristics.
Artificial Photosynthesis with Titania Photocatalysts
Authors: YURTSEVER Hüsnü Arda , ÇİFTÇİOĞLU Muhsin
Published: April 2020

Increasing energy demand and global warming due to extensive use of fossil fuels will soon force mankind to use clean and sustainable fuels and artificial photosynthesis is being considered as a promising solution to both problems. Photocatalysis is a light induced process involved in artificial photosynthesis and it will make a great contribution to the solution of environmental problems and generation of renewable energy sources. Titania based photocatalytic materials are one of the widely used materials in artificial photosynthesis research due to their unique chemical and optical properties. Recent research have shown that the activity of titania phases can be improved in the visible light region by several modification techniques. This paper aims to present a brief review based on the last 2 decades of global research on the preparation and modification of titania based photocatalysts, their application and importance in artificial photosynthesis and its effect on reducing global warming by generating a sustainable energy source. This review is mostly based on the PhD thesis of the corresponding author (Yurtsever, 2015).
Kinesiophobia in Hearing Loss
Authors: KOCA Tuba Tülay , GÜZELSOY SAĞIROĞLU Saime
Published: April 2020

Aim: Kinesiophobia is an irrational fear, which depends on
the belief in injury predisposition. It is associated with lower levels of
physical activity. Diagnosing hearing loss can lead to kinesiophobia.Method: The study was planned as a case-control study. A
total of 105 subjects with 70 hearing impairment and 35 healthy subjects were
included in the study between the ages of 40-76. Sociodemographic data of all
participants were recorded. World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale
(WHOQOL-bref) for for evaluation quality of life; and the Tampa Scale for
Kinesiophobia (TSK) for evaluation of kinesiophobia were used. Hearing deficit
of patients were made by hearing test measurements (air and bone). Airway results
were taken into account.Findings: 
Both groups were similar in terms of age, Body Mass Index (BMI),
education and marital status (p=0.64/0.06/0,08/0,83). The physical health score
component of the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire was significantly lower in the study
group (p=0.006). The other sub-parameters (general health, psychological
health, social and environmental relations) were similar. There was no
difference between the TSK results (p=0.76). The mean hearing frequencies
(right / left) in the study group were correlated with TSK (p=0.029, r=0.319).
In the study group, TSK and WHOQOL-bref (p = 0.00, r = -0.64) showed a negative
correlation.

Conclusion: Subjects with hearing loss have higher
levels of kinesychophobia and lower physical health scores than healthy
individuals matched with age and BMI. Kinesiophobia may affect quality of life
in this population.
Üniversite Öğrencileri ve Çağrı Merkezi Çalışanlarının İşitme Sağlığı Bilgisi ve İşitme Kaybı Farkındalığı
Authors: ZEREN Selva , BOLULU Ahmet , KÖSE Büşra , OCAK Sare , TOPAL Adem , KURT Ebru , BARUT Abdullah Yüksel
Published: April 2020

Amaç: İşitme sağlığının korunması ve iyileştirilmesi
Odyoloji Biliminin önceliklerindendir. Bu çalışma, Odyoloji Bölümü öğretim üyeleri ve öğrencileri
tarafından, üniversite içerisinde ve meslekleri nedeni ile gürültüye maruz
kalan çalışanlarda işitme sağlığı ile ilgili farkındalık oluşturabilmek amacı
ile planlanmıştır.

Yöntem: İşitme sağlığı açısından risk oluşturan
durumlar, işitme sağlığının korunması ve konu ile ilgili bilgi düzeyinin
ölçülmesi alanlarını kapsayan sorular kullanılarak bir ölçek oluşturulmuştur.
Ölçeğe, bir öğrenci grubunda denenerek alınan geribildirimler doğrultusunda
gerekli düzenlemeler yapılarak son hali verilmiştir. Öğrenciler ders
saatlerinde, çalışanlar iş yerlerinde ziyaret edilerek yanıtlar toplanmıştır.
Tüm veriler SPSS programı ile değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların,
işitme sağlığının korunmasına yönelik olarak kaçınılması gereken durumlar
konusunda farkındalık ve bilgilenme düzeyinin teorik açıdan yüksek olduğu
görülmektedir. Ancak pratik uygulama örneklerinde, muhtemelen bilgi
kaynaklarının güvenilirliğine bağlı olarak yetersizlik izlenmektedir.

Sonuç: Gürültünün yanı sıra işitme kaybına yol
açabilen diğer nedenler ve kulak yapılarının fonksiyonları konuları da
bilgilendirme kapsamında olmalıdır. Toplanan veriler doğrultusunda ileride
yapılacak bilgilendirme çalışmalarının planlanması düşünülmüştür.
Yenidoğanda İşitme Taramasının İzlenmesi
Authors: YAVUZ Ertuğrul , SAĞSÖZLÜ Serdar
Published: April 2020

Zamanında teşhis edilememiş işitme kayıpları çocuğun ve
ailesinin hayat kalitesini belirgin olarak bozar. Doğumsal işitme
kaybı, dünyada en sık görülen doğumsal nörolojik problemdir.
Sağlıklı yenidoğanda işitme kaybı oranı tüm dünyada binde
1-3 ve bizim ülkemizde binde 2,2 iken yenidoğan yoğunbakım
ünitesinde izlenen bebeklerde bu oran %1-6'dır. Yenidoğan işitme
tarama izlemi için otoakustik emisyon (OAE) ve/veya işitsel beyin
sapı cevabı (ABR) kullanılmaktadır. OAE testi, kokleanın dış
tüylü hücrelerine kadar olan periferik işitsel sistem hakkında
bilgi verirken, ABR testi periferik işitsel sistem, sekizinci sinir
ve beyin sapının durumunu gösterir. Çoçuklarda işitme kaybının
erken teşhis ve yönetimi çok önemlidir. Yenidoğanlarda ilk bir
ay içinde mutlaka işitme testi yapılıp ilk altı ay içinde uygun
rehabilitasyon proglamları başlanmalıdır.
Exacerbation of Relapsing Polychondritis After Renal Surgery: Case Report
Authors: TAŞKIN Ümit , OKTAY Mehmet Faruk , ERDİL Mehmet , KÖSE Büşra , BARUT Abdullah Yüksel
Published: April 2020

Relapsing Polychondritis (RP) is a rare, progressive and multisystemic disease characterized by recurrent inflammation of cartilaginous tissues. In this report, we present a case of RP that consulted from a urologist due to complaints with bilateral hearing loss, tinnitus and bilateral auricular hyperemia three days after renal surgery. A physical examination revealed thickening of both external auditory canals, with edema and erythema of the auricles; bilateral nasal crusting and hyperemia of mucoperichondrium with pain were also present.
Sağlık Kuruluşlarında Değer Zinciri Yönetiminin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YILDIZ Yiğit Kerem
Published: April 2020

Sağlık kuruluşları varlıklarını sürdürebilmek için sağlık hizmetlerini sunmaları gerekir. Hizmetleri sunmak için sağlık kuruluşlarının hastaların beklentilerine cevap vermesi ve onların elinde bulundurduğu maddi ile manevi kaynakları kullanmasını sağlamaları gerekir. Buna değer denir. Bu değerin hizmet sunumuna yansıtılmasına yardımcı olan değer zinciri yönetimi kavramı ortaya çıkmıştır. Değer zinciri yönetimi, bir mal veya hizmetin üretiminden sunumuna kadar olan bütün aşamalarda değer katan örgütsel faaliyetlerinin yönetimidir. Buradan anlaşılacağı üzere sağlık hizmetlerinin değer katılarak üretilmesinde rol oynayan bütün paydaşların faaliyetlerini de içermektedir. Sağlık sektöründe değer zinciri yönetimini genel anlamda değerlendirmek zordur. Sektör içerisinde yer alan paydaşlar ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmelidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunda önemli rol oynayan sağlık kuruluşlarında değer zinciri yönetiminin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaca ulaşılması için sağlıkta değer zinciri yönetimiyle ilgili çalışmalar derlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmelere göre kamu sağlık kuruluşlarının değer zinciri yönetimini özel sağlık kuruluşlarına göre daha geniş kapsamda tanımlamaktadır. Özel sağlık kuruluşları kamu sağlık kuruluşları kadar geniş bir şekilde değer zinciri yönetimini tanımlamamasına rağmen yeniliğe açık olması ve niş pazarları araştırması gibi faaliyetler yapması yönünden değer zinciri yönetimine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Ancak, kamu ve özel sağlık kurumları değer zinciri yönetiminin farkında olmalı ve değer zinciri yönetimi için faaliyetlerde bulunmalıdır.
ESTRESSE, A REALIDADE E O DESAFIO DO PROFESSOR CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: César Dias Lopes Gabriel
Published: April 2020

A incidência do estresse segue os passos de um processo produtivo que numa análise geral da questão é a motivadora do quadro  e  aúde precária do trabalhador no país Para a compreensão da relação saúde/trabalho e do trabalho docente em um contexto  eoliberal e dos seus efeitos, esse artigo busca compreender a semântica da terminologia estresse, a trajetória deste no contexto das  oenças ocupacionais no capitalismo neoliberal e enfim a situação do professor que exigido em excelência se depara com  ituações onde o nível de estresse ocupacional e de outras doenças geradas a partir dele. A situação atual do trabalho e da saúde do  rabalhador em educação nos moldes do capitalismo mundial e mais especificamente no Brasil, destaca a necessidade de uma  esquisa acerca da trajetória da exploração do trabalho que, independente dos processos produtivos que marcaram a história  conômica do país. Os teóricos aqui reportados são Edgar Morin, Pedro Demo, Fritjof Capra, GyorgyLuckács,Carlos  inayoGomez,Michel Foucault entre outros
EDUCAÇÃO ATIVA: PROTAGONISMO, INTERPESSOALIDADE E DIÁLOGO
Authors: César Dias Lopes Gabriel
Published: April 2020

Em um país como o Brasil onde a educação é notadamente marcada pelos ranços do colonialismo e do tradicionalismo, a proposta  e uma Educação Ativa tem se mostrado coerente com as necessidades do homem atual e com as demandas de uma sociedade cada  ia mais desafiadora quanto à aprendizagem significativa e significadora. Este artigo, trata do conceito de Educação Ativa a partir de  ma pesquisa bibliográfica com os principais articuladores da proposta e usando uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva historiciza  s  rimórdios dessa ideia bem como busca no contexto atual analisar de forma crítica as possibilidades e os entraves para a  mplantação desse modelo que articula conhecimento, protagonismo individual e responsabilização pela própria aprendizagem e  spírito de cooperação e equipe. Os resultados dessa avaliação apontam para não somente a viabilidade do modelo como também a  ua pertinência e necessidade no atual contexto.
A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W-band Filter. II. The Coolest and Lowest Mass Members of the Serpens-South Star-forming Region
Authors: Jose Jessy , Biller Beth A. , Albert Loïc , Dubber Sophie , Allers Katelyn , Herczeg Gregory J. , Liu Michael C. , Pearson Samuel , Lalchand Bhavana , Chen Wen-Ping , Bonnefoy Mickaël , Artigau Etienne , Delorme Philippe , Chiang Po-shih , Zhang Zhoujian , Oasa Yumiko
Published: April 2020

Given its relative proximity (∼430 pc), compact size (<20′), young age (∼0.5 Myr), and rich number of young stellar objects, the Serpens-South star-forming region is a promising site for studying young substellar objects, yet the low-mass members of this region remain largely undiscovered. In this article we report on a deep photometric survey using a custom 1.45 μm filter (W band), as well as standard J and H near-IR filters, in order to identify candidate low-mass young brown dwarfs in the Serpens-South region. We constructed a reddening-insensitive index (Q) by combining J, H and W-band photometry for survey objects, in order to identify candidate low-mass members of Serpens based on the strength of the water-absorption feature at 1.45 μm in the atmospheres of mid-M and later objects. We then conducted spectroscopic follow-up to confirm youth and spectral type for our candidates. This is the first survey to identify the very low-mass and coolest members of Serpens-South. We identify four low-mass candidate Serpens members, which all display IR excess emission, indicating the likely presence of circumstellar disks around them. One of the four candidate low-mass members in our list, SERP182918-020245, exhibits Paβ and Brγ emission features, confirming its youth and ongoing magnetospheric accretion. Our new candidate members have spectral types >M4 and are the coolest and lowest mass candidate members yet identified in Serpens-South.
Measuring the AGN Sublimation Radius with a New Approach: Reverberation Mapping of Broad Line Polarization
Authors: Shablovinskaya Elena S. , Afanasiev Viktor L. , Popović Luka Č.
Published: April 2020

Here we give an observational method for measurements of the equatorial scattering region radius using variability in the polarized broad lines in Type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The polarization in broad lines of Type 1 AGNs is mostly caused by equatorial scattering, where specific features allow one to separate its contribution from the total polarized flux. We propose to monitor variability in the polarized line flux and find the time lag between the nonpolarized continuum and polarized broad line variability. The distance to the scattering screen can then be determined from the time delay. The method was, for the first time, applied to the observations of the Type 1 AGN Mrk 6, and we found that the size of the scattering region in this AGN is around 100 lt-days. That is significantly smaller than the dusty region size estimated by the infrared interferometric observations and also larger than known broad line region (BLR) size. This indicates that the scattering region lies between the BLR and the dusty region and could be used as a probe of the dust sublimation radius.
Properties of Short GRB Pulses in the Fourth BATSE Catalog: Implications for the Structure and Evolution of the Jetted Outflows
Authors: Li Xiu-Juan , Zhang Zhi-Bin , Zhang Chuan-Tao , Zhang Kai , Zhang Ying , Dong Xiao-Fei
Published: April 2020

Considering the shortage of comparative studies on pulse temporal characteristics between single-peaked short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) and double-peaked sGRBs, we examine the pulse properties of a sample of 100 BATSE sGRBs using the BATSE Time-Tagged Event data with a 5 ms resolution. A total of 243 individual pulses of the single-peaked, double-peaked, and triple-peaked sGRBs are fitted to find statistical properties such as the pulse asymmetry, amplitude, peak time, and pulse width, etc. For the double-peaked sGRBs, according to the overlapping ratio between two adjacent peaks, we first define two kinds of double-peaked sGRBs as M-loose and M-tight types and find that most of the first pulses are similar to the single-peaked ones. We study the dependence of the FWHM on the photon energy among different energy bands. Interestingly, it is found that a power-law relation with an index of −0.4 does exist between the FWHM and the photon energy for the single- and double-peaked sGRBs. More interestingly, we notice that the power-law relation with a positive index also exists for several special short bursts. In view of the three typical timescales of pulses, namely the angular spreading timescale, the dynamic timescale, and the cooling timescale, we propose that the diverse power-law indexes together with the profile evolution of the GRB pulse can be used as an effective probe to diagnose the structure and evolution of the relativistically jetted outflows.
A 3D Radiation Hydrodynamic AGB Binary Model
Authors: Chen 卓 Zhuo 陈 , Ivanova Natalia , Carroll-Nellenback Jonathan
Published: April 2020

The origin of chemically peculiar stars and nonzero eccentricity in evolved close binaries have been long-standing problems in binary stellar evolution. Answers to these questions may trace back to an intense mass transfer during the asymptotic-giant-branch (AGB) binary phase. In this work, we use AstroBEAR to solve the 3D radiation hydrodynamic equations and calculate the mass transfer rate in AGB binaries that undergo the wind-Roche-lobe overflow or Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton (BHL) accretion. MESA produces the density and temperature of the boundary condition of the AGB star. To improve the resolution of the dynamics of a circumbinary disk, we implement an azimuthal angle dependent 3D radiation transfer. We consider optically thin cooling and obtain the number density of the coolants by solving Saha equations. One of the goals of this work is to illustrate the transition from the wind-Roche-lobe overflow to BHL accretion. Both circumbinary disks and spiral structure outflows can appear in the simulations. Circumbinary disks may form when the optical thickness in the equatorial region increases. The increase of the optical thickness is due to the deflected wind. The resulting mass transfer efficiency in our models is up to a factor of 8 times higher than what the standard BHL accretion scenario predicts, and the outflow gains up to 91% of its initial angular momentum when it reaches 1.3 binary separations. Consequently, some AGB binaries may undergo orbit shrinkage, and some will expand. The high mass transfer efficiency is closely related to the presence of the circumbinary disks.
Sampling event dataset for ecological monitoring of riparian restoration effort in Colorado foothills
Authors: Levy Richard , Paces Margo , Hufft Rebecca
Published: April 2020

The foothills and shortgrass prairie ecosystems of Colorado, United States, have undergone substantial and sustained anthropogenic habitat change over the past two centuries. Riparian systems have been dramatically altered by agriculture, hydrological engineering, urbanisation and the introduction of non-native invasive species. In 2016, Denver Botanic Gardens began a restoration effort of Deer Creek which seeks to modify the hydrology of the creek by mimicking the effects of beaver dams with artificial structures. The site, owned by the US Army Core of Engineers and managed by Denver Botanic Gardens, had been the subject of previous botanical surveys. With the initiation of the restoration project, permanent transects were established along the stream and are sampled for ground vegetation richness and abundance, canopy cover, soil and stream conditions and aquatic macroinvertebrate community makeup on an annual basis. To provide a means for tracking any post-intervention changes in the riparian ecosystem, this resource reports all recorded occurrences and measurements, along with methodologies and motivations from past and current surveys in the form of a sampling event dataset.

The current project and past surveys document 382 plant taxa and 157 aquatic macroinvertebrate taxa. A total of 16304 occurrences and 7422 measurements are included in the resource. Occurrence and measurement data taken from transects provide a means to measure species abundance, ground cover and other biotic and abiotic characteristics relevant to assessing the effects of hydrological restoration on riparian plant communities.
Hydnaceous fungi of China 8. Morphological and molecular identification of three new species of Sarcodon and a new record from southwest China
Authors: Mu Yan-Hong , Hu Ya-Ping , Wei Yu-Lian , Yuan Hai-Sheng
Published: April 2020

Three new stipitate hydnoid fungi, Sarcodon coactus, S. grosselepidotus and S. lidongensis, are described and illustrated, based on morphological characteristics and nuc ITS rDNA + nuc LSU rDNA sequence analyses and a new record, S. leucopus, from China is reported. S. coactus is characterised by ellipsoid to round basidiocarps, reddish-brown to dark brown, felted pileal surface with white and incurved margins, simple-septate and partly short-celled generative hyphae and irregular subglobose, thin-walled, brown basidiospores with tuberculate ornamentation (tuberculi up to 1 μm long). S. grosselepidotus is characterised by infundibuliform to round, occasionally deeply fissured pileus, pale orange to dark ruby pileal surface with ascending and coarse scales, simple-septate generative hyphae and irregular ellipsoid to globose, thin-walled, brown basidiospores with tuberculate ornamentation (tuberculi up to 0.7 μm long). S. lidongensis is characterised by plano-convex to somewhat depressed and regular orbicular pileus, light brown to dark brown pileal surface with adhering squamose and purplish-brown, incurved and occasionally incised margin, cylindrical or broadened below stipe, simple-septate generative hyphae and irregular ellipsoid to subglobose, thin-walled basidiospores with tuberculate ornamentation (tuberculi up to 1 μm long). The absence of the clamp connection is the common morphological characteristic of these three new species; however, S. leucopus, a new record from China, has frequently clamped generative hyphae. Molecular analyses confirm the phylogenetic positions of three new and the new record species. The discriminating characters of these three new species and closely related species are discussed and a key to the species of Sarcodon from China is provided.
The impact is in the details: evaluating a standardized protocol and scale for determining non-native insect impact
Authors: Schulz Ashley N. , Mech Angela M. , Allen Craig R. , Ayres Matthew P. , Gandhi Kamal J. K. , Gurevitch Jessica , Havill Nathan P. , Herms Daniel A. , Hufbauer Ruth A. , Liebhold Andrew M. , Raffa Kenneth F. , Raupp Michael J. , Thomas Kathryn A. , Tobin Patrick C. , Marsico Travis D.
Published: April 2020

Assessing the ecological and economic impacts of non-native species is crucial to providing managers and policymakers with the information necessary to respond effectively. Most non-native species have minimal impacts on the environment in which they are introduced, but a small fraction are highly deleterious. The definition of ‘damaging’ or ‘high-impact’ varies based on the factors determined to be valuable by an individual or group, but interpretations of whether non-native species meet particular definitions can be influenced by the interpreter’s bias or level of expertise, or lack of group consensus. Uncertainty or disagreement about an impact classification may delay or otherwise adversely affect policymaking on management strategies. One way to prevent these issues would be to have a detailed, nine-point impact scale that would leave little room for interpretation and then divide the scale into agreed upon categories, such as low, medium, and high impact. Following a previously conducted, exhaustive search regarding non-native, conifer-specialist insects, the authors independently read the same sources and scored the impact of 41 conifer-specialist insects to determine if any variation among assessors existed when using a detailed impact scale. Each of the authors, who were selected to participate in the working group associated with this study because of their diverse backgrounds, also provided their level of expertise and uncertainty for each insect evaluated. We observed 85% congruence in impact rating among assessors, with 27% of the insects having perfect inter-rater agreement. Variance in assessment peaked in insects with a moderate impact level, perhaps due to ambiguous information or prior assessor perceptions of these specific insect species. The authors also participated in a joint fact-finding discussion of two insects with the most divergent impact scores to isolate potential sources of variation in assessor impact scores. We identified four themes that could be experienced by impact assessors: ambiguous information, discounted details, observed versus potential impact, and prior knowledge. To improve consistency in impact decision-making, we encourage groups to establish a detailed scale that would allow all observed and published impacts to fall under a particular score, provide clear, reproducible guidelines and training, and use consensus-building techniques when necessary.
On the RIP: using Relative Impact Potential to assess the ecological impacts of invasive alien species
Authors: Dickey James W. E. , Cuthbert Ross N. , South Josie , Britton J. Robert , Caffrey Joe , Chang Xuexiu , Crane Kate , Coughlan Neil E. , Fadaei Erfan , Farnsworth Keith D. , Ismar-Rebitz Stefanie M. H. , Joyce Patrick W. S. , Julius Matt , Laverty Ciaran , Lucy Frances E. , MacIsaac Hugh J. , McCard Monica , McGlade Ciara L. O. , Reid Neil , Ricciardi Anthony , Wasserman Ryan J. , Weyl Olaf L. F. , Dick Jaimie T. A.
Published: April 2020

Invasive alien species continue to arrive in new locations with no abatement in rate, and thus greater predictive powers surrounding their ecological impacts are required. In particular, we need improved means of quantifying the ecological impacts of new invasive species under different contexts. Here, we develop a suite of metrics based upon the novel Relative Impact Potential (RIP) metric, combining the functional response (consumer per capita effect), with proxies for the numerical response (consumer population response), providing quantification of invasive species ecological impact. These metrics are comparative in relation to the eco-evolutionary baseline of trophically analogous natives, as well as other invasive species and across multiple populations. Crucially, the metrics also reveal how impacts of invasive species change under abiotic and biotic contexts. While studies focused solely on functional responses have been successful in predictive invasion ecology, RIP retains these advantages while adding vital other predictive elements, principally consumer abundance. RIP can also be combined with propagule pressure to quantify overall invasion risk. By highlighting functional response and numerical response proxies, we outline a user-friendly method for assessing the impacts of invaders of all trophic levels and taxonomic groups. We apply the metric to impact assessment in the face of climate change by taking account of both changing predator consumption rates and prey reproduction rates. We proceed to outline the application of RIP to assess biotic resistance against incoming invasive species, the effect of evolution on invasive species impacts, application to interspecific competition, changing spatio-temporal patterns of invasion, and how RIP can inform biological control. We propose that RIP provides scientists and practitioners with a user-friendly, customisable and, crucially, powerful technique to inform invasive species policy and management.
Pourquoi enfermer mieux au lieu d'enfermer moins ?
Authors: Boesel Delphine
Published: April 2020

Cet article d'une praticienne expérimentée de l'application des peines invite à une réflexion sur le sens de la peine privative de liberté. Aujourd'hui le nombre de personnes détenues est en constante augmentation alors que l'efficacité de la prison est remise en question. Or, les dernières politiques en matière pénitentiaire se focalisent sur la question de savoir comment mieux enfermer au lieu de se demander comment moins enfermer. Il faut rechercher une solution alternative à la prison contre l'idée répandue que l'enfermement est la seule sanction efficace.
L'épreuve de la probation
Authors: Razac Olivier , Gouriou Fabien , Ferrand Jérôme
Published: April 2020

L'article présente les principaux résultats d'une enquête réalisée en France auprès de personnes condamnées à des peines de probation. Partant du constat de la complexité du sens des peines, l'enquête cherche à saisir la forme spécifique de l'expérience vécue par les probationnaires. Celle-ci est éprouvée comme discordante et, si elle fonctionne malgré tout, elle induit une reconfiguration pénale de l'existence et une surcharge punitive. Les probationnaires font alors l'épreuve d'une situation fort paradoxale et sans commune mesure, dont le sens reste indexé à l'impératif d'en sortir.
Les Peintres du bagne de Cayenne
Authors: Bendjebbar André
Published: April 2020

Du début du XIX e siècle à la fin du XX e siècle, l'imaginaire des bagnes s'est ancré dans la culture populaire française. Qu'ils aient été portuaires puis coloniaux, structures de « correction » pour mineurs ou établissements pénitentiaires pour militaires punis, ce qu'il est convenu de nommer les « bagnes » a touché, au total, des centaines de milliers de Français. Il en est résulté des images et des Mythologies dont ont laissé trace journalistes et romanciers, paroliers de chansons et auteurs dramatiques. Sans oublier le dessin et la gravure, la photographie, puis le cinéma contribuant à former un ensemble aussi riche que complexe. Un ensemble qu'il est possible aujourd'hui d'étudier, de décrypter et d'analyser en retrouvant tout ce qui a contribué à façonner une longue mémoire aux accents tragiques.
« Un palais de justice aux multiples portes ». La diversité des réponses pénales (Israël, Italie, France)
Authors: Coscas-Williams Béatrice , Alberstein Michal
Published: April 2020

Les concepts de Multidoor Courthouse (palais de justice aux multiples portes) de Frank Sander et de Vanishing Trial (disparition du procès) de Mark Galanter ont depuis longtemps dépassé les frontières du procès civil. Ces concepts qui décrivaient jusqu'alors des phénomènes propres à la justice accusatoire américaine semblent avoir traversé les continents. Cet article propose de présenter l'émergence des phénomènes décrits par Sander et Galanter en Israël, en France et en Italie : les institutions judiciaires israéliennes, italiennes et françaises sont fondées sur des traditions juridiques différentes. Pourtant, ces trois systèmes se sont tournés vers des procédures flexibles adaptées aux besoins d'efficacité et de rapidité. En Israël, l'expansion du Plea Bargaining et l'intégration d'une justice aux multiples portes a remplacé le cœur de la procédure accusatoire, l'audience ( trial ). En France et en Italie, c'est le cœur du procès pénal inquisitoire, l'instruction, qui tend à disparaître au profit d'une diversification des réponses pénales. Ces systèmes sont confrontés aujourd'hui à des défis semblables, principalement celui de replacer l'humain au cœur de la justice pénale.
Thérèse Raquin de Zola
Authors: Delbrel Sophie
Published: April 2020

Ouvrage publié en 1867, Thérèse Raquin marque un tournant dans la carrière d'Émile Zola. S'appuyant sur un fait divers survenu quelques années auparavant, l'ouvrage permet à Zola de forger sa manière de composer les romans. Il le conduit également à préciser sa vision de la littérature. Le fait est d'autant plus remarquable, s'agissant du futur maître du naturalisme, que le fantastique a la part belle dans ce roman qui lui apportera enfin la notoriété.
Nature morte
Authors: Hurtado Guillermo , Albert Nicole G.
Published: April 2020

L’expression « naturaleza muerta » a des connotations qui clarifient les relations conceptuelles entre la vie et la mort dans la culture baroque. On les étudie dans cet article à travers plusieurs peintures de cette époque ainsi que dans quelques œuvres contemporaines.
Analyser la participation des entreprises de sécurité et de défense dans la politique européenne de gestion des frontières par le prisme du travail politique
Authors: Dravigny Josselin
Published: April 2020

Cet article analyse le rôle des entreprises de sécurité et de défense dans l’action publique européenne en matière de gestion des frontières extérieures. D’une part, nous mettons en évidence le « travail politique » industriel réalisé par ces firmes. Celui-ci consiste en un cadrage contextuel et une représentation d’un secteur industriel « artificiel » (l’industrie de sécurité), pour s’ériger en experts légitimes aux yeux des acteurs gouvernementaux. D’autre part, nous étudions le travail politique institutionnel réalisé par la Commission européenne, qui mobilise le savoir-faire de ces firmes dans une stratégie d’entreprenariat supranational tout en partageant une vision commune du contrôle des frontières par le biais de la technologie. Ce faisant, la Commission a reconfiguré à son avantage les dynamiques institutionnelles propres au domaine JAI, au détriment d’autres acteurs comme le Parlement européen, qui se retrouve relativement écarté d’un champ de pouvoir en formation au niveau européen.
Entre sécurité et rentabilité : Cadrages et recadrages de la politique de visa Schengen (1995 – 2015)
Authors: Dupont Juliette
Published: April 2020

Alors que la politique de visa Schengen s’inscrivait initialement dans un processus de sécurisation des frontières et de lutte contre le risque migratoire, elle est depuis quelques années cadrée comme une politique publique lucrative. Cet article fournit des pistes explicatives des facteurs de cette rentabilité et de son articulation avec les objectifs de contrôle et de sécurité. Il retrace la trajectoire du visa Schengen de sa mise en œuvre en 1995, jusqu’en 2015. Lorsqu’elle est adoptée par les États membres, la politique de visa Schengen est d’abord envisagée selon une orientation restrictive (1995-2004). L’effet de rentabilité monte en puissance dès la fin de la décennie 2000, en lien avec le développement de la sous-traitance et la croissance de la demande dans les pays émergents. L’article identifie cet effet de rentabilité comme une conséquence inattendue de la politique des visas, puis explique le recadrage de la politique des visas comme une activité lucrative et concurrentielle entre la France et les autres États membres.
Entre album et revue : Le Manuscrit Autographe (1926-1933)
Authors: Lugan Mikaël
Published: April 2020

Le Manuscrit Autographe fut un beau monstre. Fondée dans le but d’accroître l’intérêt du public pour les manuscrits modernes et servir leur commerce, la publication, qui faisait une large part aux fac simile , relevait à ses débuts davantage de l’album. Il revient à son directeur, Jean Royère, d’avoir su la transformer en une véritable revue littéraire. Espérant y insuffler l’esprit qui fut celui de La Phalange (1906-1914) qu’il avait créée et dirigée, Royère ne ménagea pas ses efforts pour composer des sommaires mêlant aux gloires littéraires passées et présentes les noms de jeunes écrivains, français ou étrangers, encore méconnus. Des extraits de la correspondance de Royère avec Francis Jammes, Valery Larbaud et André Gide balisent l’histoire d’une revue luxueuse et singulière qui vécut huit années et, misant sur la tradition plutôt que sur la modernité, échoua à être de son temps.
L’Union européenne, une cyberpuissance en devenir ? Réflexion sur la cyberdéfense européenne
Authors: Deschaux-Dutard Delphine
Published: April 2020

Cet article se penche sur la façon dont l’Union européenne (UE) développe, ces dernières années, une stratégie et des outils de cyberdéfense. Dans un monde de plus en plus connecté, comment l’UE conçoit-elle son rôle dans le cyberespace ? En quoi les initiatives européennes en matière de cyberdéfense traduisent-elles le rapport ambigu de l’Union à la notion de puissance ? Après avoir présenté les aspects stratégiques et institutionnels de la cyberdéfense européenne comme autant de facteurs d’une capacité de cyberdéfense émergente, l’article explore les limites de cette capacité et propose une interrogation sur le rapport entre l’UE et la notion de cyberpuissance.
La politique russe du président Macron
Authors: de Gliniasty Jean
Published: April 2020

Depuis son arrivée au pouvoir, le président Macron a tenté d’entamer une nouvelle séquence dans les relations entre la France et la Russie. Si ses premières ouvertures n’ont pas produit les résultats escomptés, les deux pays ont fini par opérer divers rapprochements à la faveur d’un terrain stratégique international plus favorable – de nouvelles élections en Ukraine, le Brexit, la crise de l’OTAN, etc. La vision d’Emmanuel Macron semble toutefois claire, et bien que le président insiste sur la nécessité pour la France de renouveler ses relations avec la Russie, il importe également d’y rallier les partenaires européens.
Risk Managment in Events Management
Authors: Arnott Ian
Published: April 2020

Risk management is a key requirement in the events industry today. All elements in event delivery have to be considered in the decision to deliver the event during the planning phase, and this information has to be shared with all the stakeholders so that they are able to input it to the document. The chapter highlights useful models such the EMBOK and also the five-step process to enable both practitioners and those wishing to gain a greater knowledge and understanding on what can potentially be a complex area. This is further supported with a body of knowledge of those who have written in the area and support some the ideas that have been presented.
Health and Safety in Events Management
Authors: Arnott Ian
Published: April 2020

Health and safety in events management is essential and needs to be undertaken and understood both at a practitioner level as well as academically. The subject area has created a lot of interest due to the various case studies of events that have received attention due to, in some cases, poor practices leading to substantial media and public awareness. Therefore, its management needs to be seen as a priority and an area that needs to be understood greatly. The aim of health and safety management is to ensure that all the participants and attendees, as well as those affected by an event, are protected from threats to their health and safety.
Thinking Outside the Boxes
Authors: Etike Safak
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to conduct a critical discussion within a political economy framework on the use of mixed method, which is an increasing tendency in communication research, and its philosophical foundations in post-positivism. In the study, the mixed method called as “third methodological movement of the 21st century,” the limitations of the attempts to combine qualitative and quantitative methods in the positivist and postpositivist paradigm are revealed. The study discusses how the convergence of quantitative and qualitative methods in critical economy politics can be possible and what opportunities it offers in an effort to make a holistic explanation of social reality.
Political Economy of Anti-Refugee in Turkey and Cyber-Racism
Authors: Cengiz Özge , Cengiz Can
Published: April 2020

In this study, the economic fundamentals of cyber racist rhetoric against the Syrian refugees in Turkey has been examined through the #suriyelilerdefolsun hashtag on Twitter platforms via thematic analysis. According to the findings, state aid, the Syrian refugees as the cause of the economic crisis, and the reaction the “rich” Syrians themes come to forefront. The cause of economic problems in Turkey are linked to the presence of Syrian refugees. The main reasons for the reaction can be listed as: health, food, education and salary assistance of the state for refugees; aid by race characteristics, cheap labor, Syrian employer, tax evasion, unskilled labor, insufficient housing / rent increase, inflaition increase, distinction of needs, and luxury. As a result, it can be said that the young Syrian male population became the target of the reaction in cyber racist discourses.
Inflammatory Effects of Micronutrients
Authors: Tevfikoğlu Pehlivan Leyla
Published: April 2020

Lifestyle and dietary habits are important factors in different levels of daily food intake and the occurrence of many chronic diseases. Consumption and composition of foods and nutrients, lifestyle, physical activity level, type of occupation, stress, and smoking and alcohol use can affect health in different ways and can trigger inflammation processes. Daily diet plays a major role in the formation of inflammatory responses. With the occurrence of inflammation diseases, the level of food intake changes and it is not possible to provide adequate and balanced nutrition. Especially in the case of inflammation, energy and nutrient intake levels are negatively affected, especially vitamins A, E, D, iron, and folate levels decreased. In studies, it was shown that vitamins A, E, D, K, C, iron, selenium, and zinc show anti-inflammatory properties. The intake of these nutrients in accordance with the requirements is an important step in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Further research is needed to examine the relationship between different nutrients and energy intake levels.
Pro-/Anti-Inflammatory Food Supplements
Authors: Eseceli Hüseyin
Published: April 2020

Probiotics are living microorganisms, meaning “for life” and consist of two parts, “pro” and “biota,” and prebiotics are indigestible carbohydrates that increase the number and activities of colon bacteria and the effectiveness of probiotics. Probiotic consumption has been reported to have many positive effects, such as increasing immune response, balancing the colony, and increasing endogenous defense capacity of cells. The aim of prebiotics is to grow probiotic bacteria, thus improving the gastrointestinal and immune systems. Recent studies have shown that probiotics may have an impact on gastrointestinal system diseases. It has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms in prebiotics and assist in the probiotic effect. The most commonly used probiotics and prebiotics are lactic acid bacteria that are types of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Prebiotics are naturally present in nutrients. Probiotics and prebiotics are used to prevent many diseases.
Work Ethic, Leadership Influence, and Higher Education
Authors: Wang Victor , Johnson Nancy
Published: April 2020

This chapter takes the reader through a historical review of work ethic interwoven with higher education and ethical leadership and discusses the ways in which organizations can motivate their employees to adopt a healthy rather than unhealthy work ethic. McGregor's Theory X and Y theory are examined and related to ethical leadership practice. To determine whether an organization has acquired a healthy work ethic based on Theory X and Theory Y, Wang's valid and reliable instrument for the organization's employees to use is presented. Maslow, Hertzberg, and McClelland's motivational theories form the foundation of the factors that motivate employees. The diverse characteristics of employees are reviewed, including the Baby Boomers and Generation X and Y and how these cohorts of employees look for different motivating factors in their job. The chapter concludes with future trends that are impacting organizations and the workforce and the importance of understanding the different motivating factors that play a part in employees' work ethics across cultures.
Administrative Ethics in the Corporate College
Authors: Doughty Howard A.
Published: April 2020

Changes in the mission, organization, and administration of colleges and universities reflect the transformation from elite to mass to universal access institutions. Curriculum, pedagogy, academic standards, funding, and employer-employee relations have been transformed. Administration has increasingly become management in name and in nature, as the labor process of educational work mimics that of private-sector corporations. Meanwhile, the social purposes of higher education have shifted toward explicitly economic aims and away from intellectual pursuits. Colleges and universities increasingly pursue methods of technical and practical control over human and non-human nature in the interest of prosperity and progress. Academic values of open inquiry are compromised and largely eclipsed by market demands for employability skills and commercially based research. This chapter urges an ongoing critique of higher education in late capitalism, institutional governance reform, and critical interrogation of education as teachers and students address imminent and potentially catastrophic economic, ecological, and ethical problems.
Leadership Ethics in Higher Education Administration
Authors: Henschke John A.
Published: April 2020

This chapter begins with developing meaning of the word “ethics,” mainly related to rectitude, integrity, good, rely, trust, and congruent. Andragogy, defined as the art and science of helping facilitate the learning of adult individuals and organizations, is characterized as having six assumptions and eight elements, with five organizational dimensions. Peale suggests a trustworthy personal guidance censor system; Billington identifies seven characteristics of highly effective adult learning programs; McLagan asserts that time is needed to develop a system of ethical conduct; Bennis and Nanus provide a possible model of successful visionary leadership as that operates in organizations growing and flourishing economically in a “down economy.” The role of a university includes the lifelong learning needs of a total population being addressed. This chapter includes discussion of the development of the modified instructional perspectives inventory in its use in various organizations, assessing Henschke's scholarship and practice congruence, and listing its use in 30 doctoral dissertations. It concludes a story of how ethical administration conduct affected transformation of a brutal prison system into a humane one.
Preparation and Mechanical Performance of Supplementary Cementing Materials Cementitious by Electroplating Sludge
Authors: Zhang Chang Sen , Gu Xue Su , Gao Jie , Yang Yu , Zhu Bao Gui
Published: April 2020

Preparation, microstructure and mechanical performance of novel supplementary cementing materials prepared with electroplating sludge and steel slag as raw materials were studied. It was found that the electroplating sludge could be mixed with steel slag at appropriate ratios to make SCMs that posse certain compressive strength. The results shows that the supplementary cementing materials prepared in this article can increase the compressive strengths of cement when it substitutes for cement in appropriate proportion. The microstructure and hydration products of cement with SCMs were examined by XRD and SEM. The results indicated that the content of calcium hydroxide formed in paste significantly reduced and Aft increased, as the content of the supplementary cementing materials increased. In addition, the heavy metals elements in the electroplating sludge could be effective cured in cement pastes and reduced the pollution to the environment.