bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMDR Integrative Group Therapy for Ongoing Traumatic Stress in Caregivers of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Cavalera Cesare , Incerti Alessia
Published: January 2025

Objective: Caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders experience high levels of stress, often comparable to the effects of a traumatic event. The daily caregiving burden, combined with repeated stressors, can exacerbate the trauma from the initial diagnosis, leading to complex trauma. This in turn increases the likelihood of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of EMDR Integrative Group Therapy for Ongoing Traumatic Stress (EMDR-IGTP-OTS) in reducing post-traumatic symptoms and improving psychological well-being in caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.Method: This will be a monocentric prospective study with a process-outcome design, employing a two-arm, single-blind protocol. Caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders will be selected by healthcare providers during the diagnostic phase and throughout the caregiving journey. Participants will undergo six 120-minute group sessions of EMDR-IGTP-OTS, facilitated by certified EMDR practitioners. Data will be collected on post-traumatic stress, coping strategies, and overall psychological well-being using both quantitative and qualitative measures. A control group will be included for comparison.Expected Results: It is expected that caregivers assigned to the EMDR group will experience a significant reduction in post-traumatic stress symptoms, an improvement in adaptive coping strategies, and enhanced psychological well-being. The study anticipates that EMDR-IGTP-OTS will be well-received by participants and will contribute to a reduction in caregiver stress and an improvement in their caregiving competency. The research also aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this intervention for caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders, addressing the unique stressors and multi-traumatic experiences they face.Impacts: This study could offer important insights into the application of EMDR-IGTP-OTS for caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders, a population that remains underrepresented in psychological research. The anticipated findings may inform future therapeutic interventions and the development of targeted support programs for this group. By demonstrating the effectiveness of EMDR-IGTP-OTS, the study could significantly improve the mental health of caregivers, leading to better quality of care for children and reducing the broader emotional and social costs associated with long-term caregiving. Additionally, the results may serve as a basis for larger, randomized controlled trials to explore the long-term effects and scalability of this intervention.
Not so great expectations: The role of price and name information in the nocebo effect
Authors: Humphreys Kiarne , Barnes Kirsten , Geers Andrew , Faasse Kate
Published: January 2025

Background. The perception of taking a generic medication can result in reduced efficacy and increased side effects, despite equivalence to brand name medications under double blind conditions. It may be that cues typically associated with generics, including lower price and more complex name, exacerbate negative expectations and cause nocebo effects.Methods. Healthy participants (N=196) were randomised to receive sham-oxytocin nasal spray associated with either a generic (complex name, low price; n=66) or brand (simple name, high price; n=68) cue, or to no treatment control (n=62). Participants were informed that oxytocin could enhance trust and cooperation, but might cause side effects of headache, nausea, vomiting, rapid heartbeat, feeling faint or light-headed, and skin itching or rash. Treatment-related side effects were assessed at baseline, and after 3 days of sham-oxytocin use. Results. Nocebo effects were observed across sham-treated participants relative to control (p=.015; d=0.28). Association with a generic relative to branded cue significantly enhanced nocebo effects (p=.042; d=0.36). Negative expectations mediated the observed nocebo and branding effects. Conclusions. Cues associated with generic medications can exacerbate nocebo effects and these findings may explain clinical observations of increased side effects from generic medications. Results have important implications for medical care, and interventions to mitigate nocebo effects from generic medications are needed.
A Review of Social Media's Psychological Effects on Young Adults' Mental Health
Authors: Lagun Nikesh
Published: January 2025

Social media has completely transformed how we speak, share parts of our lives, and connect with one another, and how it has affected our mental health is significant. In this review, we embark on a review of the world of social media and its positive and negative sides. There’s freedom in it, stimulation in it; it’s a space to spark creativity and connect emotionally, but it’s also a space that carries with it anxiety and sadness and a blow to self-esteem. We also cover deeply embarrassing topics like cyberbullying, Phantom Vibration Syndrome (a condition that causes seemingly hopeless anxiety when you can’t remember seeing any text messages), and the pressure to appear perfect on the Internet. These factors can put us off sleep and cause psychological stress. With the challenges it brings, social media is vital to our keeping connected and sharing our experiences with others. This paper gathers together work and sounds an important note regarding the importance of a balanced social media message. We urge that the platform’s potential to improve mental health be used for healthier online interactions. However, through this balance, we work to build a safer digital space for everybody.
Rebels Without a Cause: Collective Narcissism and Political Contrarianism
Authors: Federico Christopher
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we examine the relationship between collective and individual forms of narcissism and two contrarian political orientations that are oppositional, suspicious, and purposefully destructive—need for chaos and anti-establishment orientation. In three studies (total N=4144), we demonstrate that (1) national collective narcissism predicts higher levels of need for chaos and anti-establishment orientation, after accounting for non-narcissistic ingroup satisfaction (which is inversely related to both contrarian orientations after accounting for collective narcissism), (2) grandiose narcissism predicts need for chaos but not anti-establishment orientation, whereas vulnerable narcissism predicts both outcomes; (3) initial levels of national collective narcissism predict greater over-time increases in need for chaos and anti-establishment orientation, after accounting for initial ingroup satisfaction (which predicts smaller over-time increases in contrarian orientations after accounting for initial collective narcissism). Together, these findings suggest contrarian orientations may reflect a (frustrated) narcissistic demand to be recognized as better than others, both collectively and individually.
The superiority of graphics over text in long-term memory retention
Authors: Ciccione Lorenzo , Caroti Denis , Liu Syalie , Giardino Valeria , Pasquinelli Elena , Dehaene Stanislas
Published: January 2025

Graphical representations of data are pervasive in modern communication and are often used to convey socio-economic, scientific and medical information. Despite their popularity, it is still unknown whether they can enhance the long-term retention of their content compared to textual and tabular representations. We conducted an incidental delayed recall task with psychology undergraduates (N=92), in which participants read about the evolution of a socio-economic phenomenon, with only 5 or 6 datapoints presented either as a graphics, a text, or a table. We found that graphics facilitated the remembering of the general trends of the data after a two-hour interval. With the same materials, no advantage was found on immediate recall of numerical values in another sample of participants (N=80). Thus, even for equal initial encoding of numerical information, and even for very concise materials, these findings suggest that graphics, compared to text and tables, facilitate long-term retention. Overall, the study reveals the potential of graphics as effective tools for enhancing memory retention and therefore highlights their valuable role in educational settings.
Characterizing error types in the comprehension of fractions: the number line test
Authors: Cauté Maxime , Watkins Cassandra Potier , He Chenxi , Dehaene Stanislas
Published: January 2025

Understanding fractions is a major hurdle for many students. A key aspect of fraction comprehensionis the ability to evaluate their numerical magnitude. Here, we use a number-to-line task, wherestudents point to the location of a number on a graduated line, to characterize errors in fractioncomprehension. A total of ~26,000 French pupils from 6th to 10th grade were tested. Error rates werehigh, almost 80% in 6th grade and 45% in 10th grade. Errors could be classified into seven dominantpatterns, whose frequency varied by grade level and individual performance. Younger andlower-performing children mostly confused fractions with decimals. Older and higher-performing𝑎𝑏children often confused a fraction 𝑏 and its inverse 𝑎 . All grades also confused the roles of thenumerator and the denominator. We propose a theoretical framework suggesting that errors arise asbugs in the execution of one of two main strategies: children converting the fraction into a decimal,or partitioning the line into units and counting them. This model explains the observed error patternsas stemming from inappropriate strategy selection, flawed execution, or incorrect corrective stepsdue to flawed execution. Our analysis provides a deeper understanding of the various traps thatstudents face when interpreting a fraction’s magnitude, the frequency of these errors, and theirsequential order.
The Travel Visa as the Ubiquitous Legal Infrastructure of Everyday Global Mobility Arbitrariness
Authors: Mégret Frédéric
Published: January 2025

Much work has been produced on the passport and on exceptional regimes of mobility, notably asylum or permanent immigration. There has, by contrast, been less research on that intermediary, ubiquitous legal device that is the visa, a fundamental manifestation of state discretion, a major source of arbitrariness, and a constant assertion of power over moving bodies. The visa is a manifestation of and is embedded in a deeper infrastructure of limited global mobility. Adopting a global and comparative perspective, this Article seeks to analyze the politics of the visa as the indispensable sesame of international travel but also as the ultimate manifestation of that infrastructure's arbitrariness. The Article highlights an ideal type of the visa especially as it is deployed towards “at risk” categories, emphasizing the sort of performance it requires from applicants in adapting to the system's demands as they are relayed by officials, corporations and, increasingly, algorithms and artificial intelligence. It will highlight the constraints of applying for the visa, its temporal frames, its assorted conditions, and its denial and possibilities of contestation thereof. The Article contends that, globally, the visa is the key legal infrastructure to channel systemic discrimination, frustrate professional and cultural opportunities, and keep families apart in ways that entrench class and racial divides.
Technological scheme for the alkaline activation of lignite coals in the Far Eastern Region
Authors: Vorsina E. V. , Moskalenko T. V. , Mikheev V. A.
Published: January 2025

The article shows the relevance of the theory and practice of deep coal processing. The increasing relevance is based on modern trends in the development of the global coal industry and forecasts regarding the decrease in demand for coal in the energy sector due to the introduction of alternative energy sources. The Russian Federation has the richest raw material base of coals, including lignite. Due to the low degree of metamorphism, lignite’s are unique in their properties and are very promising as a raw material for the production of sorbents for the treatment of industrial, municipal and industrial wastewater. The aim of the study is to develop a process flow chart for alkaline activation of lignite coals in the Far Eastern region to obtain high-quality sorbents for adsorption from the liquid phase. The laboratory study was conducted on lignite coals from four deposits in the Far Eastern region (Kharanorskoye, Kangalasskoye, Kirovskoye, Okino-Klyuchevskoye deposits). General scientific and empirical methods were used: analysis and generalization of scientific literature on the research problem, experiment, analysis, comparison and mathematical processing of the obtained experimental data. A study was conducted of various options for carrying out three stages of the process of obtaining sorbents (preparation of lignite coal for activation, alkaline activation and final processing). Analysis of the obtained data on the sorption properties of the obtained samples made it possible to determine the optimal parameters and sequence of operations in the process of alkaline activation of lignite coals. A process flow chart for alkaline activation of lignite coals with potassium hydroxide has been developed, consisting of 14 operations, including thermal leaching and mechanical activation. Carrying out the process of alkaline activation of lignite according to this technological scheme allows obtaining sorbents with high adsorption activity for iodine (more than 90 %). The results of the research allow us to speak about the technological feasibility, high efficiency and prospects of processing lignite coals from deposits in the Far Eastern into sorbents.
Assessment of the resilience of Orchidaceae Juss. species in the northeastern region of the European part of Russia in response to anthropogenic impacts using hemeroby indicator
Authors: Egorova N. Yu. , Suleimanova V. N.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the limitations of resistance to anthropogenic influences among certain members of the Orchidaceae family. This assessment is conducted in the context of planning environmental protection strategies and formulating scientifically grounded conservation recommendations. The research focused on twelve species within the Orchidaceae family, analyzing a total of 145 geobotanical descriptions related to these species. To assess the degree of resistance of each species to anthropogenic impacts, the hemeroby indicator was used. The findings indicate that the majority of the species analyzed are classified within the nemoral ecological-coenotic group (ECG), with the exceptions including Goodyera repens and Calypso bulbosa, which are clategorized as boreal ECG species, and Gymnadenia conopsea, Dactylorhiza maculata, and D. incarnata, which are identified as hygrophilic ECG species. Notable patterns have emerged from the investigation, revealing that mesohemerobic species dominate the community composition, followed by oligohemerobic species, and subsequently b-euhemerobic species. The representation of anthropotolerant species does not exceed 33%. Among the species studied, Cypripedium calceolus and Platanthera bifolia exhibit the greatest resistance to anthropogenic impacts, characterized by relatively low average apophytism values in comparison to other species. Based on the real hemeroby index (RHI), it is concluded that the majority of the species examined are categorized as moderately resistant to complex anthropogenic influences.
The ecological and geographical variability of the morphometric characteristics of Bombus lucorum L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) bumblebee workers in the North
Authors: Soldatova V. Yu. , Shadrina E. G. , Davydova N. G. , Zateev M. Yu.
Published: January 2025

This study reports the findings of a morphometric analysis conducted on 358 worker specimens of the white-tailed bumblebee, Bombus lucorum, which were collected from the Middle Lena Valley (Central Yakutia) and the Yana River Valley (Central Upper Yana Region, North-Eastern Yakutia). Statistical analyses, including one-way and two-way ANOVA, were employed to evaluate the data. The results indicated that bumblebees from the Central Upper Yana Region exhibited larger body and wing dimensions compared to their counterparts from Central Yakutia; however, significant differences were only noted in the measurements of the notum and abdomen widths (p < 0.01), as well as in all measurements of the front and hind wings (p < 0.001). These changes are posited to have developed as adaptations to more extreme natural and climatic conditions. Furthermore, it was observed that bumblebee workers of B. lucorum collected during the latter part of summer were statistically larger than those gathered earlier in the season. A notable difference was identified between two micropopulations within the Yana River Valley, where bumblebees from a non-transformed biotope were larger than those from a post-fire succession, likely attributable to variations in the availability of trophic resources. In the Middle Lena Valley, the body size of B. lucorum exhibited a significant correlation with forage availability, with larger individuals preferentially utilizing larger plants and inflorescences. Consequently, the sizes and proportions of bumblebee workers of B. lucorum in the North are influenced by a variety of environmental factors, including climatic and biotopic conditions, as well as the availability of trophic resources.
Effects of weather on reproductive performance of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1882) in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Fisheries, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria., Umar A. , Mohammed Z. B. ,   Department of Fisheries, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria., Umate U. ,   Department of Fisheries, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria., Shettima H. M. ,   Department of Fisheries, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria., Saidu M. ,   Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology Baga, Nigeria., Pinak K. B. ,   College of Fisheries Science, Kamdhenu University, Veraval, India., Adam A. A. ,   Department of Fisheries Technology, Binyaminu Usman Polytechnic Hadejia, Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Published: January 2025

Studies on the effects of changes in weather conditions on the gonadosomatic index and some reproductive performance of African catfish were carried out with the aims of determining the fecundity, gonadosomatic index, fertilisation, hatchability and survival of the fish bred during (hot, rainy and cold periods). Eighteen broodstocks- comprising nine males and nine females were procured and conveyed to the Teaching and Research Fish Farm of the Department of Fisheries, University of Maiduguri and tested for their reproductive performance in each of the periods of the season; hot, rainy and cold time in April, August and January respectively. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance at a 95% confidence level. The results showed the highest fecundity, gonadosomatic index and number of fertilized eggs in the hot period while the number of hatched eggs and percentage survival were higher in the rainy period. Therefore, the most suitable periods that Clarias gariepinus can be bred are both hot and rainy periods as they give better results in terms of the reproductive performance of the fish.
Effect of citrus lemon (Citrus limon) essential oil on microbial load of smoked clupeids (Ethmalosa fimbriata and Sardinella maderensis) during storage
Authors:   Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology (FCFFT). Department of Fisheries Technology, New Bussa.  Niger State, Nigeria., Oladosu-Ajayi R. N. , George F. O. A. ,   Federal University of Agriculture. Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Abeokuta,  Ogun State, Nigeria., Ajayi C. T. ,   Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology (FCFFT). Department of Fisheries Technology, New Bussa.  Niger State, Nigeria., Bankole M. O. ,   Federal University of Agriculture. Department of Microbiology, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria., Olateju O. P. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria.
Published: January 2025

This study examined the microbial load of smoked clupeids (Ethmalosa fimbriata and Sardinella maderensis) during a 12-week storage. One hundred and sixty samples (160; 80 each of both fish) of freshly smoked Ethmalosa fimbriata and Sardinella maderensis were procured from Makun Omi, Ogun Waterside, Ogun State, Nigeria. The fish samples were divided into two parts and a part coated with the essential oils while the other part was not. The coated samples were put in white polyethylene bags and placed in cartons and the second part (uncoated) was packed in polyethylene bags and placed in cartons. These cartons were then stored at ambient temperature (±25°C) for twelve weeks. The samples were assessed weekly for spoilage organisms in a twelve-week shelf-life study (to know the types and number of microorganisms per sampling time). Preserved fish samples had significantly (p<0.05) lower microbial load (Bonga:9.50−2.20 x 106 CFU/g and Sardine:6.25−1.30 x 106 CFU/g) than unpreserved samples (Bonga: 12.50−26.25 x 106 CFU/g, Sardine: 10.65−25.35 x 106 CFU/g). Eight (8) bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Lactobacillus fermentum and Staphylococcus saprophyticus) were isolated from both samples, with the unpreserved having pathogenic micro-organisms (Klebsiella aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia. coli). Lemon essential oil is therefore recommended as a potent natural preservative for smoked clupeids. Packaging essential oil preserved smoked clupeids in polyethylene bags before being placed in a box is also recommended as a way of keeping out microorganisms that can spoil fish.
Effect of packaging on the chemical composition of stored citrus essential oil-preserved smoked clupeids (Ethmalosa fimbriata and Sardinella maderensis)
Authors:   Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology (FCFFT).  New Bussa. Niger State, Nigeria., Oladosu-Ajayi R. N. , Olateju O. P. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria., George F. O. A. ,   Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture. Abeokuta,  Ogun State, Nigeria., Alegbeleye W. O. ,   Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture. Abeokuta,  Ogun State, Nigeria., Dienye H. E. ,   Department of Fisheries. University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Published: January 2025

The study examined the preservative potentials of lemon peel oil for smoked Clupeids, Ethmalosa fimbriata and Sardinella maderensis in combination with packaging materials on the chemical composition. Four hundred samples (400: 200 each of both fish samples) were divided into two: one part was coated with lemon peel oil (packaged and unpackaged in sterile polyethylene bags), while the uncoated part (packaged and unpackaged) served as control. Triplicate samples of fish were aseptically stored in cartons and evaluated weekly for their nutritional components during a 12-week storage period. All data were statistically analysed using Analysis of Variance. Packaged preserved fish samples had significantly (p<0.05) better and higher nutritional components than the unpackaged samples. The study concluded that packaging materials in combination with essential oil from lemon peel are efficient in preserving smoked Clupeids as well as their nutrients during storage time. It was also found from this study that polyethylene bags in combination with cartons are better packaging material for smoked Clupeids.
The Right to Biological Safety: The Formation of the Concept and Prospects of Legislative Regulation
Authors: Umnova-Koniukhova I. A. , Aleshkova I. A.
Published: January 2025

Biological risks caused by the development of biotechnologies, economic and other human activities, the functioning of potentially dangerous biological objects and biological factors are the reason for the actualization of the right to biological safety. The article examines the concept and content of the right to biological safety, assesses the state and determines the prospects for improving its legislative regulation. The article substantiates the position that the right to biological safety has a hybrid character, since it refers simultaneously to personal, social and biological rights. Belonging to a group of biological rights determines its place in the system of rights of the fourth generation. As the result of the study, the authors conclude that the right to biological safety is complex not only in its structure, but also in terms of its existing relationships with other security facilities. Biological safety as the object of the studied law is considered in three key aspects (personal, anatomical and physiological). The components of the right to biological safety are disclosed on the following grounds: by the subject – bearer of this right, by its object and by the criterion of correlation with the rights of socio-biological significance. The assessment of the state and prospects of legislative regulation of the right to biological safety in the Russian Federation is given. The examples of the adoption of special biosafety laws in other states are shown. The difference in approaches to the legal regulation of the right to biosafety is revealed. In conclusion, the author's definition of the right to biological safety is given, as well as the importance and features of its formal legal certainty in the current legislation are substantiated.
Russian Studies in the US: Past Experience and Today’s Problems
Authors: Nadtochey Yu. I.
Published: January 2025

Russian Studies as an established discipline has been continuously evolving for over a century, with American socio-political and area studies thought delving into various facets of the Russian reality. This article delves into the origins of Russian Studies in the United States, its unique methodological characteristics, and offers a periodization framework authored by the writer, highlighting the developmental phases of the discipline over the past century. It is worth noting that Russian Studies is an interdisciplinary field of academic endeavor, bringing together insights from diverse areas within the social and humanities sciences. The article also addresses the challenge of delineating the subject matter of this discipline and the development of research approaches for studying Russia, particularly within the historical context of the latter half of the 20th century. There is a specific focus on nurturing the growth of academic researchers and experts that specialize in Russian Studies and Sovietology. In this regard, the article posits the idea that Soviet Studies carries practical political-ideological and political-technological significance. It has emerged as a pivotal ideological force shaping public opinion and influencing the decision-making processes of American elites during the Cold War era. The article concludes by examining the contemporary challenges and prospects facing Russian Studies. It primarily concentrates on the present state of «Russian Studies», encompassing its theoretical underpinnings, empirical research, and ideological dimensions. This assessment occurs in the context of evolving public discourse about Russia within the United States and the considerable deterioration of U. S.‑Russia relations.
The Evolution of the Chinese Policy for the Development of the High-tech Sector: from New Technologies to New Actors?
Authors: Danilin I. V.
Published: January 2025

China is facing growing geopolitical and socio-economic challenges and rising technology intensity of the Chinese economy is seen as a rational response to it. The PRC is focusing on the priority areas: microelectronics, emerging digital technologies, electric vehicles, etc. These measures increasingly correlate with other policies: supporting GDP growth (rise of output, employment, exports and domestic demand for high-tech); reducing critical vulnerabilities of the national high-tech sector from imports and sanctions; laying basis for accelerated growth. However, this has only limited potential for the innovative transformation of the Chinese economy. New approaches to the technological development are needed, also including the relations between the state and the business sector. The Chinese technology policy traditionally relies on large companies – «national champions». But due to the limited efficiency of both stateowned enterprises and private companies, in recent years fast-growing tech-intensive small and medium enterprises appeared in the focus of government support. Initially, they were used for import substitution and development of critical industrial technologies. But now these «little giants» are seen by the PRC as a means to balance the national innovation system (including new sources of «creative destruction»). However, this – as well as other policies and instruments –also has an ad-hoc nature. The PRC needs to systematize its policy and stress connections between different measures and actors. The role of the state is also questionable since it becomes more interventionist. Further formation of the NIS institutions is required.
Speech Act as a Factor of Socio-Political Change: Stating the Problem
Authors: Kadyrov D. E.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to pose the problem of analyzing the relationship between conceptual (linguistic) and social changes, as well as to reveal the role of socio-political speech action of political theorists as key actors in these processes. The article considers the issues of the construction and changes of social and political reality, as well as the role of speech acts in these processes as a special type of social action. According to J. Searle’s general theory of social reality, speech acts are seen as the basis and a necessary condition for socio-political changes. The structure and elements of speech acts are described within the framework of J. Austin’s theory of speech acts, supplemented and formalized by Searle. The article discusses the influence of this theory on the formation of the theoretical and methodological approach of the Cambridge School of Intellectual History, used to understand the analysis of socio-political changes in various societies and historical periods. As an example of such research, the article describes the main elements of the approach of one of the Cambridge School’s founders Quentin Skinner. The analytical tools used by Skinner and his colleagues help to understand the connection between conceptual and social changes in the history of political thought. Considering political theorists as ideologists, Skinner explains through the analysis of political languages and ideological context how authors-ideologists, using statements that are the basis of their theoretical concepts and rhetoric, intentionally take certain actions that change the social reality. The possibilities, attempts and prospects of applying the Cambridge School’s methodology to the Russian history are also considered.
Establishment of a Limited Liability Company after the Effectiveness of Law Number 6 of 2023
Authors: Akbar Dinul Apriliana , Asikin Zainal , Sili Eduardus bayo
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze whether there is dualism in the establishment of a limited liability company after the enactment of Law Number 6 of 2023, to analyze the application of GCG principles to individual PTs, and to analyze the responsibilities of individual PTs and this type of research is a type of normative legal research while the research approach taken is the Statutory Approach and the Conceptual Approach. The results of the study show that the emergence and validity of the UUCK does not result in legal dualism between the UUCK and the UUPT, this is because the Job Creation Law only expands, changes and adds several articles that were previously not regulated by the Limited Liability Company Law, then the governance of individual companies, has regulations to require directors to carry out governance of individual companies in the form of an obligation to make and report financial reports to the relevant minister which is used as a database of individual company profiles and the basis for consideration in determining the criteria for individual companies and the principles of separate entity, limited liability, piercing the corporate veil (limited liability) still apply to limited companies which are individual companies.
Canada and the Netherlands: Rhetoric versus Reality in the Evolution of Solidarity Underpinning Universal Health Coverage
Authors: Marchildon Gregory P. , Bertens Roland
Published: January 2025

Since the mid-twentieth century, the shared goal of healthcare systems of Canada and the Netherlands has been to achieve broad healthcare access and coverage for citizens despite their health system differences. However, the rhetoric of “state” control in Canada and “market” control in the Netherlands belies very different realities in both countries. A longer historical perspective uncovers the discrepancies between the rhetoric and reality of solidarity that has emerged – and still exists – in both countries. In Canada, universal healthcare is historically seen as an important cultural cornerstone to be facilitated by the state as a public good in the context of institutional paralysis. In contrast, the Dutch system is historically predicated on an ideology of limited state control and healthcare provision by private parties. Yet the historical development of the system shows an ever-growing influence of the state in ensuring universal access to a continually broadening range of health services.
Transition for Youth with Sickle Cell Disease: Qualitative Perspectives
Authors: Karim Fairuz , Astorga Geil , Randhawa Jaspreet , Ellis Peola , Noorloos Janine
Published: January 2025

Sickle cell disease (SCD) presents unique challenges for youth transitioning from pediatric to adult health care systems. This study aimed to identify and address unmet needs in transition readiness for youth with SCD in Ontario through participatory design sessions involving patients, health care providers (HCPs), families, and caregivers. Thematic analysis of a participatory design session revealed significant barriers to successful transition: lack of education and awareness among adult HCPs, limitations in health care delivery, navigating multiple life transitions, and racial bias in health care. These barriers contribute to delayed or inadequate care, exacerbating the challenges faced by youth with SCD during the transition period. Building upon these findings, a low-fidelity prototype was developed, culminating in a digital educational module framework tailored for HCPs focusing on SCD transition care. This framework aims to equip providers with the knowledge and resources needed to effectively support transitioning youth with SCD. Successful transition is vital for the health and wellbeing of youth with SCD, and addressing the identified barriers through comprehensive interventions is essential for optimizing transition experiences and outcomes.
THE USE OF DIRECT OBSERVATION TO EVALUATE THE DEGREE OF VISUAL COMFORT IN THE LIBRARY OF GUELMA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Ismahane Haridi  , Messaoud Aiche  , Abdeldjalil Hamdaoui  , Ahmed Mounir Ansar
Published: January 2025

In libraries, the integration of natural light through illuminated spaces has long been a hallmark of aesthetically pleasing and comfortable environments, fostering an enjoyable reading experience without glare. This practice has been deeply rooted in architectural tradition for centuries. In reading rooms, proper lighting is essential for effectively supporting reading activities. The study employs various methods to collect data, including both data analysis and observation. For our research, we will specifically use observation as the primary investigative technique. This approach will allow us to analyze photographs taken in the library. The objective of this study is to assess visual comfort in relation to the quality of natural light in the reading room of the Guelma library, using an evaluation grid applied on two different days, one in winter and one in summer. The results will reflect the level of discomfort or comfort experienced during reading activities within the room. The grid will help explain the critical role of observation in this evaluation and provide insight into the current lighting conditions, along with the sensory experience related to the required visual comfort standards.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENCE COMPOSITIONS WITH NEWTONIAN APPROXIMATIONS FOR SURROGATE MODELING
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, DMITRIEVA Olga , HUSKOVA Vira ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, KHALYHOV Artem ,   Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

Based on modern requirements for the simulation of surrogate mathematical models, the article discusses the issues of constructing implicit difference compositions that take into account not only the current behavior of the processes being studied, but also the rate of their changes. First of all, this concerns surrogate models, the implementation of which requires a numerical solution of the Cauchy problem for ordinary differential equations or their systems. The use of such single refinements contributed to a significant acceleration of convergence in the computational block, while classical block methods required iterative refinements, the number of which was no less than the dimension of the computational block. This approach contributed to a significant reduction in modeling time with obtaining results without a significant loss of accuracy, or with comparable implementation times it was possible to obtain solutions that exceed the accuracy of classical methods by an order of magnitude (orders).
To conduct a comparative analysis of the speed and accuracy of numerical calculations, test tasks with known exact solutions were selected. The implementation time and calculation errors were estimated for fixed dimensions of integration steps. One-step methods with fixed dimensions of computational blocks were used as starting methods. The integration steps were specified either arbitrarily or based on restrictions imposed on the behavior of the function. The results were assessed based on the implementation time and the magnitude of the differences between the reference and numerical solutions.
To construct implicit difference compositions a software application has been developed that supports the processes of generating difference compositions with arbitrary dimensions of computational blocks.
AN EFFECTIVE MODEL FOR DETECTING NETWORK INTRUSIONS USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Drohobich, Ukraine, NIKITENKO Andrii , SOBOL Yevhen ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Drohobich, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of machine learning algorithms used to create network intrusion detection systems.
As part of the study, we reviewed the most common machine learning algorithms and tested their effectiveness on two
datasets: NSL-KDD and CSE-CIC-IDS2018. When working with the NSL-KDD dataset, the test dataset was used to evaluate
the accuracy, while for the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset, the data was divided into training (80%) and test (20%). Studies have
shown that data preprocessing significantly affects the final accuracy of models and can improve the performance of even
traditional, well-known algorithms. A combination of preprocessing and dataset balancing methods was proposed, which
improved model accuracy on test data by 2.94% for the NSL-KDD dataset and by 0.14% for the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset.
Samoprediavlenie podrostkov s raznoi napravlennost'iu v obshchenii
Authors: Akhmadeeva Elena Vladimirovna
Published: January 2025

The study is designed to identify the relationship between self-presentation strategies and personality orientation in communication in adolescence. Self-presentation is understood as the totality of all human actions aimed at creating a certain image in the eyes of the audience, which can be either an individual or a group of people. Сommunication styles that are equally common in various situations of interpersonal interaction determine the personality orientation in communication. It has been established that self-presentation of adolescents is aimed at demonstrating personal achievements and the desire to make a favorable impression on a friend, class teacher (teacher), and classmates. When presenting themselves, adolescents with an authoritarian communication style use the «Desire to please» strategy; students with a manipulative communication style do not use the «Exemplary behavior» strategy; boys and girls with a dialogical orientation in communication have the «Tracking the impression made» strategy; schoolchildren who prefer the «Intimidation» strategy are focused primarily on the manipulative style of communication. The images of self-presentation identified in the work can serve as a basis for compiling training courses and educational programs on effective self-presentation in significant situations of interaction in the age group under study.
Vzaimosviaz' roditel'skogo vygoraniia i emotsional'noi sfery materei, imeiushchikh detei mladencheskogo i rannego vozrasta
Authors: Moiseeva Kseniia Sergeevna
Published: January 2025

The work is devoted to the study of the relationship between parental burnout and the emotional sphere (empathy, emotional states, hostility and aggression) of mothers with infants and young children who meet the norms of age development. The main theoretical approaches to the study of motherhood, the problems and factors of maternal burnout in mothers and the study of the relationship between parental burnout and the emotional sphere of mothers are considered. As part of an empirical study at the ascertaining stage, in which six hundred mothers of infants and young children participated, statistically significant differences were established in groups of infants and young mothers, and correlational analysis was used to establish the relationship between the emotional sphere of mothers and parental burnout. At the formative stage, a self-coaching program was developed and implemented to correct parental burnout through the impact on the emotional sphere of mothers. At the control stage, the effectiveness of the program was confirmed and the hypothesis about the relationship between parental burnout and the emotional sphere (empathy, emotional states, hostility and aggression) of mothers with infants and young children who meet the standards of age development was confirmed. The results obtained can be used to correct parental burnout in mothers with infants and young children.
DEVELOPMENT OF SWEET AND CREAMY PASTE TECHNOLOGY WITH FRUIT AND BERRY FILLING
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, I.V. Mironova , A.A. Slinkin ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, O.V. Krupina ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, E.V. Zubkova ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

The present research work deals with obtaining sweet and creamy paste with fruit
and berry filler, which is a combined product based on butter. This product combines
high nutritional value and pleasant taste qualities. The production technology provides
for obtaining a mixture of high-fat cream and reconstituted skim milk powder and
adding a fruit and berry component containing a complex of vitamins, minerals, dietary
fibers. Samples of sweet cream paste with different doses of vegetable component were
prepared; their comparative analysis by quality indicators was carried out. As a result,
the optimal sample was selected, its organoleptic parameters, nutritional and energy
value were determined. An improved production technology is proposed. The product
is intended for a wide range of consumers. The introduction of this technology will
allow increasing the range of products of the enterprise by adding a dessert with
ordinary nutritional qualities and enriched composition, which is in demand among
consumers. Thus, realization of such a product will help to improve competitiveness
and overall business efficiency.
THE CREATION, HISTORY AND INFLUENCE OF PETERHOF IN WORLD ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, A.I. Zainutdinova , R.R. Baiturina ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, L.M. Ishbirdina ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

The article examines the step-by-step history of Peterhof's creation, its
architectural features, and its water supply system. The author emphasizes the role of
Peterhof's architecture in world architecture and describes current trends in landscape
architecture of this place
THE COMBINED USE OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL AND AMINO ACIDS IN THE FEEDING OF NEW-BODIED COWS
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, А.Е. Andreeva , V.R. Khilinskaya ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: January 2025

The organization of feeding new-bodied cows requires constant monitoring of their
condition. The duration of the average daily rumination was 540.8...577.1 minutes, the
rumination index was 53.03% in the 2nd experimental group, 53.6% in the 1st
experimental group and 53.55% in the control. All animals received a high-quality feed
mixture, but an analysis of the results of the stool assessment through a manure sieve
showed that the degree of digestibility of the feed was higher in the experimental
groups, which positively affected the fatness of the animals. Cows of the experimental
groups had a higher fatness of 2.82...2.92 points. The weight loss of the animals in the
control group was 36.02 kg, while in their peers receiving propylene glycol, a decrease
in body weight was recorded at 28.86 kg. The combined use of an energy and amino
acid supplement made it possible to reduce the weight deficit to 21.21 kg. According
to the results of a comparative analysis of the productivity of the groups, it was found
that the milk yield in the experimental groups increased by an average of 6.5 liters per
day per head. A decrease in the incidence of follicular cysts and ovarian hypofunction
in the period 45-51 days after calving led to 87% of clinically healthy animals joining
the DoubLesink synchronization scheme. Due to a decrease in the percentage of
morbidity of animals in the herd with diseases associated with a negative energy
balance, increased fertilization by the first insemination in the experimental groups
compared with the control group by 18.4% was obtained. The combined introduction
of propylene glycol and amino acids into the diet of cows increased the profitability
level to 14.4%. The combined use of feed additives made it possible to reduce the loss
from yale cows. In the 2nd experimental group, the economic effect was 1797.4
rubles/goal higher than in the 1st experimental group, and 6218.4 rubles/goal higher
than in the control group and amounted to 5418.4 rubles/goal.