bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticle-carbon nanotube composite electrochemical gas sensor for highly selective and sensitive detection of methanol vapour
Authors: Cowen Todd , Grammatikos Sotirios , Cheffena Michael
Published: March 2024

A methanol vapour sensor with selectivity 12 times that for ethanol and a limit of approximately 10 ppm developed using principles of molecular imprinting.
An electrochemical biosensor for Staphylococcus aureus detection based on a multilevel surface 3D micro/nanostructure
Authors: Wang Caiyun , Yang Rui , Wang Guangtong , Liu Shaoqin
Published: March 2024

An electrochemical biosensor for fast and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus detection is achieved by using surface multilevel 3D micro/nanostructures.
Sb(v) dihalide corroles: efficient singlet oxygen photosensitisers
Authors: Caliskanyürek Volkan , Eulberg Simon , Lange Oliver , Bröring Martin , Tschierlei Stefanie
Published: March 2024

Sb(v) dihalide corrole complexes, in particular difluoro-5,15-di(4-cyanophenyl)-10-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)corrolatoantimony(v) (complex 1), show distinct emission properties and efficient intersystem crossing rates.
A zwitterionic salt–cocrystal: in vitro insights from niraparib tosylate, an anti-cancer drug
Authors: Mudda Ramesh Reddy , Devarapalli Ramesh , Das Arijit , Reddy Lakkireddy Pulla , Reddy C. Malla , Chennuru Ramanaiah
Published: March 2024

Schematic representation showing nomenclature of different cocrystals.
Facile syntheses, structures and photocatalytic properties of 3D iodoargentate frameworks derived from TM-flexible-amino-ligand templates
Authors: Gao Yan , Yang Xiao , Ren Taohong , Jia Dingxian
Published: March 2024

3D iodoargentates [Co(en)3(Ag2I4)]n (1), [Fe(en)3(Ag2I4)]n (2) and [Co(dien)2(Ag2I4)]n·nH2O (3) were prepared by solvothermal methods. Compounds 1–3 were catalytic activity for photodegradation of crystal violet under visible light irradiation.
Theoretical insights into the structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of bcc-C40 carbon
Authors: Ma Ying , Ying Pan , Luo Kun , Wu Yingju , Li Baozhong , He Julong
Published: March 2024

bcc-C40 carbon has excellent mechanical properties, possessing large tensile strain, superhardness and zero homogeneous Poisson's ratio performance.
Development of two novel natural calcite reference materials for enhanced in situ elemental and Sr isotopic analysis
Authors: Yin Xuna , He Miaohong , Zhang Le , Zhu Guanhong , Deng Wenfeng , Wei Gangjian
Published: March 2024

Two low–moderate Sr content calcites, BZS and WS-1, were developed as new in situ Sr isotopic analysis reference materials.
Design and synthesis of core shells HZSM-5@MCM-41 with variable acidity and mesoporosity for lignin-catalyzed fast pyrolysis to prepare aromatics
Authors: Dai Yiwen , Guan Bin , Wang Xingxiang , Liu Jiaqi , Huang Zehua , Dai Bin , Liu Jichang , Li Jiangbing
Published: March 2024

In this study, a uniform micro/mesoporous core–shell composite HZSM-@MCM-41 comprising zeolite was successfully prepared by coating mesoporous MCM-41 shells on nanosized ZSM-5 cores using a two-step hydrothermal method.
Soft wetting: an analytical model for pillar topography- and softness-dependent droplet depinning force
Authors: Jiang Youhua , Wang Zhujiang
Published: March 2024

The droplet depinning force per unit length on pillar arrays increases with a decrease in pillar stiffness.
The preparation route and final form of V-MXenes override the effect of the O/F ratio on their magnetic properties
Authors: Eliášová Pavla , Šmíd Břetislav , Vejpravová Jana , Li Shuo , Brivio Federico , Mazur Michal , Rainer Daniel N. , Mohideen M. Infas H. , Morris Russell E. , Nachtigall Petr
Published: March 2024

A theoretical and experimental study of V2CTx provides key insights into its magnetism. Chemical analysis and magnetic measurements highlight the importance of the preparation pathway rather than the actual chemical composition and form of V2CTx.
Transcriptional control of neural stem cell activity
Authors: Kaise Takashi , Kageyama Ryoichiro
Published: March 2024

In the adult brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) are under the control of various molecular mechanisms to produce an appropriate number of neurons that are essential for specific brain functions. Usually, the majority of adult NSCs stay in a non-proliferative and undifferentiated state known as quiescence, occasionally transitioning to an active state to produce newborn neurons. This transition between the quiescent and active states is crucial for the activity of NSCs. Another significant state of adult NSCs is senescence, in which quiescent cells become more dormant and less reactive, ceasing the production of newborn neurons. Although many genes involved in the regulation of NSCs have been identified using genetic manipulation and omics analyses, the entire regulatory network is complicated and ambiguous. In this review, we focus on transcription factors, whose importance has been elucidated in NSCs by knockout or overexpression studies. We mainly discuss the transcription factors with roles in the active, quiescent, and rejuvenation states of adult NSCs.
The Acquisition of Static and Dynamic Intervention Skills by Graduate Speech-Language Pathology Students
Authors: Wolford George W. , Wash Ethan J. , Stowers Matthew P. , McMillon Ashley R. , LaCroix Arianna N.
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

Speech-language pathology programs use simulated learning experiences (SLEs) to teach graduate student clinicians about fidelity to therapeutic interventions, including static skills (clinical actions that are delivered in a prespecified way regardless of the client's behavior) and dynamic skills (contingent responses formulated in response to a client's behavior). The purpose of this study was to explore student learning of static and dynamic skills throughout SLEs and live clinical practice.

Method:

Thirty-three speech-language pathology graduate students participated in this study. Students were first trained to deliver an intervention before having their treatment fidelity measured at three time points: an initial SLE, actual clinical practice, and a final SLE. Treatment fidelity was first summarized using an overall accuracy score and then separated by static and dynamic skills. We hypothesized that (a) overall accuracy would increase from the initial simulation to treatment but remain steady from treatment to the final simulation and that (b) students would acquire dynamic skills more slowly than static skills.

Results:

In line with our hypotheses, students' overall accuracy improved over time. Although accuracy for static skills was mostly established after the first simulation, dynamic skills remained less accurate, with a slower acquisition timeline.

Conclusions:

These results demonstrate that SLEs are efficacious in teaching students the clinical skills needed for actual clinical practice. Furthermore, we show that dynamic skills are more difficult for students to learn and implement than static skills, which suggests the need for greater attention to dynamic skill acquisition during clinical education.
Wind energy system fault classification and detection using deep convolutional neural network and particle swarm optimization‐extreme gradient boosting
Authors: Lee Chun‐Yao , Maceren Edu Daryl C.
Published: March 2024

Wind energy is crucial in the global shift towards a sustainable energy system. Thus, this research innovatively addresses the challenges in wind energy system fault classification and detection, emphasising the integration of robust machine learning methodologies. Our study focuses on enhancing fault management through supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, addressing imbalanced data representation issues and error vulnerabilities. A key innovation lies in applying particle swarm optimisation‐tuned extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) on imbalanced SCADA datasets, combining resampled SCADA data with deep learning features produced by deep convolutional neural networks. The novel use of PSO‐XGBoost showcases effectiveness in optimising parameters and ensuring model robustness. Furthermore, our research contributes to supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection models using Seasonal‐Trend decomposition using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing and PSO‐XGBoost, presenting substantial advancements in fault classification and prediction metrics. Overall, the study offers a unique, integrated framework for fault management, demonstrating improved reliability in predictive maintenance architectures. Lastly, it highlights the transformative potential of advanced machine learning in enhancing sustainability within efficient and clean energy production.
Decomposition of unbalanced operation incremented active power loss in distribution network
Authors: Dadashzade Amin , Amirioun Mohammad Hassan , Aminifar Farrokh , Davarpanah Mahdi
Published: March 2024

Unbalanced operation of distribution networks, as a crucial but inevitable aspect of power quality, brings about economic and technical issues. The increase in active power loss is more concerning due to the economic and technical implications. Economic sustainability of liberalized distribution networks is hugely tied to the availability of transparent and effective approaches to determine the stakeholders of this sort of phenomenon. This is done by awarding/penalizing them accordingly. Studies in the literature have not considered the incremental losses that unbalanced operations cause to distribution systems. Here, a mathematical approach based on vector analysis in the symmetrical components space is introduced. This approach quantifies the contribution of each unbalanced load to unbalanced operation and increased power losses. This technique discriminates between the mutual effects of different unbalanced loads on the power losses of the entire network. By means of the proposed approach, the best candidate unbalanced load(s)/location(s) to perform the corrective balancing actions and their ranking are precisely specified. Vector representation of the developed method simplifies its understanding, utilization, and expansion. For validation, the proposed method is applied to the IEEE 37‐bus test distribution network under various scenarios. The results confirm the sound results and practical merits of the developed method.
Ranking of epoxy/Kota stone dust composite by MCDM approach using hybrid AHP-MOORA methods
Authors: Rajput Virendra , Soni Rohit , Jha Alok , Agrawal Alok
Published: March 2024

The selection of appropriate materials is crucial in mechanical and structural design processes. This research study focuses on the fabrication of epoxy-based composites reinforced with Kota stone dust using a manual hand layup process. To simplify the material selection process, various Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approaches were utilized. In this research, hybrid MCDM approaches, such as the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and multi-objective optimization based on ratio analysis (MOORA), were employed to rank the epoxy composites filled with Kota stone dust. The AHP method was utilized to determine the weightage of each criterion, while the MOORA technique was used to rank the composites. Manual hand layup method was used for fabrication of composites. The selection of criteria was based on the physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated composites. The results indicate that epoxy composites containing 20% Kota stone dust are the most efficient for structural applications.
Assessment of Wear rate and Coefficient of Friction of Al6262 WC/MoS2 under wet sliding condition
Authors: Hemadri Kadapa , S Ajith Arul Daniel , S Vijayananth , R Kumar
Published: March 2024

The present paper aims at the results of an experimental examination of hybrid metal matrix composites using stir-casting technique.Aluminum alloy (Al 6062) samples reinforced with Tungsten Carbide (WC) and Molydedneum diSulphide are given. 2wt.% , 4wt.%,6wt.% of MoS2 and 3 wt.%, 6 wt.%, 9 wt.% tungsten carbide were mixed together with the aluminum alloy to create the hybrid composite. The tribological aspects of aluminium composites were studied using Pin on disc Method under wet sliding condition.Testing the hybrid composites' hardness revealed that raising the weight percentage of tungsten carbide might raise the hybrid composites' hardness. To examine the wear behavior of hybrid composites, the Taguchi method was utilized in the design of experiments (DOE) approach. The factors that were found to affect wear rate included load, sliding speed, and reinforcing percentage of WC and MoS2 are the most influencing parameters.
Hydrothermally Synthesized NiS2 and NiSO4(H2O)6 Nanocomposites and its Characterizations
Authors: Sharma Ayushi , Shreya  , Phogat Peeyush , Jha Ranjana , Singh Sukhvir
Published: March 2024

The present manuscript discusses an in-depth explanation of the synthesis and characterization of nickel sulphide (NiS2) and nickel sulphate [NiSO4(H2O)6] nanocomposites. The phase analysis was performed through x-ray diffraction (XRD), revealing the presence of NiS2 and NiSO4(H2O)6 nanocomposites, along with the presence of deuterium. The synthesized material exhibited absorbance in the visible region, with an optimized band gap of 1.0 eV. The presence of carbon spheres was confirmed through morphological analysis performed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), depicting the growth of NiS2 on the surface of carbon spheres and the presence of nanosheets of NiSO4(H2O)6. These techniques provide a detailed explanation of the crystallite size for the nanocomposites, their structural properties and optical properties. The material showed a narrow band gap making it highly suitable for solar cell applications.
Parallel Segmentation of Tumor from MRI Using Image Processing
Authors: Kalsi Rajveer , G Anusooya
Published: March 2024

Modern medical image analysis relies heavily on medical picture segmentation, which has important ramifications for computer-aided diagnosis and therapy planning. This research presents a novel framework that combines morphological methods, K-means clustering, and U-Net architecture for the parallel segmentation of brain tumours using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In response to issues brought up in the literature, our work includes a thorough analysis of current segmentation techniques and makes explicit links between the literature review and the suggested methodology. We go into detail about the iterative design process, explaining the results of each design iteration and how the literature influenced our approach. Important design parameters are clearly stated, illustrating the framework's evolutionary path. Our method, which makes use of Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) parallelization, improves speed while maintaining accuracy. Our framework's thorough analysis of design parameters, literature influences, and design iterations establishes it as a notable development in the field of medical picture segmentation.
Development and Numerical validation of an Aerospike nozzle Contour Design
Authors: A Sam Daniel Fenny , Sampathkumar Deepak , Mayekar Nishant B. , R Sree Adithya S.
Published: March 2024

Aerospike nozzle simplified design and analysis, as well as test results, are presented. New techniques in nozzle design have been used to improve the performance of current rocket engines. The use of an aerospike nozzle is one such technique. It outperforms the existing proven bell nozzle in terms of overall performance. This study analyses the development and flow analysis of an aerospike nozzle at sea level, validating their results by taking into account currently used bell nozzles. The flow over the aerospike pump is investigated in higher depth using computational fluid dynamics under an autonomous fire testing condition. This test showed that the approximate design method used to determine an aerospike nozzle shape can lead to extremely effective nozzles. A model of the current 7.45 kN bell nozzle was selected as a specimen to develop an aerospike Nozzle. Gambit and Fluent software were used to model and examine the flow characteristics of building the aerospike nozzle. The developed aerospike nozzle shows a nearly 2% increase in performance over the existing nozzle.
Klassifikation orofazialer Schmerzen
Authors: Gaul Charly , Sanner Frank
Published: March 2024

Die Internationale Klassifikation orofazialer Schmerzen (ICOP) wurde interdisziplinär erarbeitet und strebt an, eine der internationalen Kopfschmerzklassifikation (ICHD-3) vergleichbare Systematik der Mund- und Gesichtsschmerzen zu etablieren, die im klinischen Alltag und für wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen gleichermaßen praktikabel anwendbar sein soll. Ziel ist die Verbesserung und Vereinheitlichung klinischer Diagnostik und Therapie. Die Klassifikation liegt in deutschsprachiger Übersetzung vor.
Anorexia nervosa und danach? Zum Stellenwert einer systematischen Klärung von Werten und Zielen parallel zur kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischen Essstörungstherapie
Authors: Göhre Carolin Ulrike , Hillert Sophia , Hillert Andreas , Naab Silke , Surzykiewcz Janusz
Published: March 2024

Eine an Anorexia nervosa leidende 17-jährige Patientin kommt, jeweils nach guten stationären Verläufen und schnellen Rückfällen in der Zwischenzeit, zum dritten Mal in die stationäre psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutische Behandlung. Nachdem der Patientin Inhalt und Abläufe der primär auf die Bewältigung der Symptomatik abzielenden Therapien gut bekannt waren, wurde parallel dazu der Fokus auf die Klärung der Lebensperspektive gelegt. Diesbezüglich besuchte sie eine Therapiegruppe zum Thema: „Wo bin ich und wo will ich hin?“. Ausgehend von den vermittelten Inhalten gelang es der Patientin eigene, von den Vorstellungen der Eltern deutlich unterschiedliche Ziele zu definieren und erste Schritte zu deren Umsetzung einzuleiten. Poststationär konnte sie diese umsetzen, parallel zu einer anhaltenden stabilen Remission der Essstörungssymptomatik.

Viele Jugendliche haben keine konkreten und verbindlichen Vorstellungen von ihrer privaten und beruflichen Zukunft jenseits des Erreichens eines Schulabschlusses. Dies wird durch gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen begünstigt. Psychosomatisch erkrankte Jugendliche zeigen im Rahmen stationärer Behandlung einen günstigeren Verlauf, wenn diese eine über die „Patientenidentität“ hinausgehende Perspektive haben bzw. entwickeln können, was die Entwicklung spezieller Therapieangebote zum Thema Standortbestimmung und berufliche Zielklärung für jugendliche und adoleszente Patienten nahelegt.
The Current Evidence of Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams and Their Role in Future
Authors: Hobohm Lukas , Farmakis Ioannis T. , Duerschmied Daniel , Keller Karsten
Published: March 2024

Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) remains a critical medical condition requiring prompt and accurate management. The introduction and growing significance of pulmonary embolism response teams (PERT), also termed EXPERT-PE teams, signify a paradigm shift toward a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach in managing this complex entity. As the understanding of acute PE continues to evolve, PERTs stand as a linkage of optimized care, offering personalized and evidence-based management strategies for patients afflicted by this life-threatening condition. The evolving role of PERTs globally is evident in their increasing integration into the standard care pathways for acute PE. These teams have demonstrated benefits such as reducing time to diagnosis and treatment initiation, optimizing resource utilization, and improving patient outcomes.
Medicinal Use of Different Cannabis Strains: Results from a Large
Prospective Survey in Germany
Authors: Szejko Natalia , Becher Eva , Heimann Florian , Grotenhermen Franjo , Müller-Vahl Kirsten R.
Published: March 2024

Background Up to now, it is unclear whether different medicinal
cannabis (MC) strains are differently efficacious across different
medical conditions. In this study, the effectiveness of different MC strains was
compared depending on the disease to be treated.

Methods This was an online survey conducted in Germany between June 2020
and August 2020. Patients were allowed to participate only if they received a
cannabis-based treatment from pharmacies in the form of
cannabis flowers prescribed by a physician.

Results The survey was completed by n=1,028 participants. Most
participants (58%) have used MC for more than 1 year, on average, 5.9 different
strains. Bedrocan (pure tetrahydrocannabinol to pure cannabidiol
[THC:CBD]=22:<1) was the most frequently prescribed strain, followed by
Bakerstreet (THC:CBD=19:<1) and Pedanios 22/1
(THC:CBD=22:1). The most frequent conditions MC was prescribed for were
different pain disorders, psychiatric and neurological diseases, and
gastrointestinal symptoms. Overall, the mean patient-reported effectiveness was
80.1% (range, 0–100%). A regression model revealed no association between the
patient-reported effectiveness and the variety. Furthermore, no influence of the
disease on the choice of the MC strain was detected. On average, 2.1 side
effects were reported (most commonly dry mouth (19.5%), increased appetite
(17.1%), and tiredness (13.0%)). However, 29% of participants did not report any
side effects. Only 398 participants (38.7%) indicated that costs for MC were
covered by their health insurance.

Conclusions Patients self-reported very good efficacy and tolerability of
MC. There was no evidence suggesting that specific MC strains are superior
depending on the disease to be treated.
Trial of Labor versus Repeat Cesarean Delivery in Individuals with Morbid Obesity after Previous Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Lee Misooja , Almeida Tawany C. , Saade George , Kawakita Tetsuya
Published: March 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare adverse neonatal outcomes associated with the trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) at term in pregnancies according to maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) and the presence of previous vaginal delivery (VD).

Study Design This was a repeated cross-sectional analysis of individuals with singleton, cephalic, and term deliveries with a history of one or two cesarean deliveries in the Linked Birth/Infant Death data from 2011 to 2020. Outcomes were examined according to the BMI category including BMI <30, 30 to 39.9, and 40 to 69.9 kg/m2. The primary outcome was a composite neonatal outcome, defined as any presence of neonatal death, neonatal intensive care unit admission, assisted ventilation, surfactant therapy, or seizures. Outcomes were compared between TOLAC and elective repeat cesarean delivery (eRCD) after stratifying by BMI category and previous VD. Log-binomial regression was performed to obtain adjusted relative risk (aRR) with 99% confidence intervals, controlling for covariates.

Results Of 4,055,440 individuals, 2,627,131 had BMI <30 kg/m2, 1,108,278 had BMI 30 to 39.9 kg/m2, and 320,031 had BMI 40 to 69.9 kg/m2. In individuals with no previous VD, VD rates after TOLAC were 66.7, 57.2, and 48.1%, respectively. In individuals with previous VD, VD rates after TOLAC were 81.4, 74.7, and 67.3%, respectively. In individuals without previous VD, compared with those who had an eRCD, those who had TOLAC were more likely to experience composite neonatal outcomes in individuals with BMI < 30 kg/m2 (5.0 vs. 6.5%; aRR = 1.33 [1.30–1.36]), BMI 30 to 39.9 kg/m2 (6.1 vs. 7.8%; aRR = 1.29 [1.24–1.34]), and BMI 40 to 69.9 kg/m2 (8.2 vs. 9.0%; aRR = 1.15 [1.07–1.23]). In individuals with previous VD, there was no difference in the composite neonatal outcomes in BMI < 30 kg/m2 (6.2 vs. 5.8%; aRR = 0.98 [0.96–1.00]), BMI 30 to 39.9 kg/m2 (7.4 vs. 7.1%; aRR = 0.99 [0.95–1.02]), and BMI 40 to 69.9 kg/m2 (9.4 vs. 8.7%; aRR = 0.96 [0.91–1.02]).

Conclusion TOLAC among obese individuals could be offered in selected cases.

Key Points
Influence of the Number of Players on the Load of Soccer Players
During Transition Games
Authors: Asian-Clemente Jose A. , Rabano-Muñoz Alberto , Requena Bernardo , Suarez-Arrones Luis
Published: March 2024

The aims of this study were to determine the effect of different compositions in
transition games (TGs) on the load of soccer players and to evaluate their
performance in physical tests. Using a GPS system, 18 players were monitored
during: 3vs2, 2vs1 and 1vs1. Distance covered (DC), DC
18–20.9 km·h-1, 21–23.9 km·h-1,>24 km·h-1,
peak speed, accelerations (Acc) and decelerations (Dec)>1.0 m·s-2
and>2.5 m·s-2 and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were
recorded. Before and after each TG, countermovement-jump (CMJ), 15-
(S15) and 30 m (S30) speed tests were assessed.
TG3vs2 showed greater DC and Dec>1.0 m·s-2 than
TG2vs1, and DC, DC 18.0–23.9 km·h-1,
Acc>1.0 m·s-2 and Dec>2.5 m·s-2 than
TG1vs1 (p<0.01). TG2vs1 achieved higher DC,
DC 18.0–23.9 km·h-1, and Acc>2.5 m·s-2
(p<0.01) but lower peak speed (p=0.02) and RPE (p=0.02)
than TG1vs1. Post-intervention, TG1vs1 showed lower CMJ
and higher S15 (p=0.02), while TG3vs2, showed
improvements in CMJ (p<0.01). The three tasks showed large variations
for DC>24 km·h-1, Acc>1.0 m·s-2,
Dec>1.0 m·s-2 and Dec>2.5 m·s-2. The load of TGs
is sensitive to their player composition.
N-Triflyl Phosphoric Triamide (N-TPT) as an Efficient Activator for ‘On-Water’ Accelerated Aquacatalytic Polar Substrate Allylation
Authors: Kim Hyun Jin , Shin Myoung Hyeon , Bae Han Yong , Kim Woo Hee , Park Jin Hyun , Lee Gang Min
Published: March 2024

The development of sustainable, functional-group-tolerant catalysis is highly significant from the perspectives of safety, user-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. We report herein the triple hydrogen-bonding donor activator N-triflyl phosphoric triamide (
N-TPT) for the synergistic Brønsted acid aquacatalysis of multicomponent allylation ‘on-water’. The reaction demonstrated remarkable efficiency in converting polar diol substrate, such as 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, into α-tertiary amine derivative incorporating homoallylic amine functionalities using bulk water as the reaction medium. The single crystal X-ray structure and control experiments highlighted the crucial role of multiple hydrogen bonds in enabling this aqueous reaction.
Management of Wound Myiasis through Homoeopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Nahar Laijun , Choubey Gurudev
Published: March 2024

The parasitic invasion of live mammals by fly larvae (maggots), known as myiasis, is a rare pathology. The fly invades the host tissue and feeds on it to grow. No documentation has been found on homoeopathic intervention for wound myiasis management. A 52-year-old female presented with complaints of ulceration on the left leg with maggot formation, clinically diagnosed as a case of wound myiasis. Calendula officinalis 30CH was prescribed based on the acute symptomatology and keynote symptoms. The case was completely managed within 21 days. The wound was cleaned and dressed regularly with Calendula officinalis Q. This instance illustrates the effectiveness of homoeopathic medication in rapidly and efficiently treating wound myiasis.
Virtual Reality Planning of Microvascular Decompression in Trigeminal Neuralgia: Technique and Clinical Outcome
Authors: Fabrig Oliver Dietmar , Serra Carlo , Kockro Ralf Alfons
Published: March 2024

Background A neurovascular conflict (NVC) is considered the cause of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in 75% of cases, and if so, a microvascular decompression (MVD) can lead to significant pain relief. A reliable preoperative detection of NVC is essential for clinical decision-making and surgical planning, making detailed neuroradiologic imaging an important component. We present our experiences and clinical outcomes with preoperative planning of the MVD procedure in a virtual reality (VR) environment, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) sequences.

Methods We analyzed the data of 30 consecutive MVDs in patients treated for TN, in a retrospective single-surgeon (R.A. Kockro) study. Out of the 30 cases, 26 were included. Preoperatively, MRA/MRV and MRI series were fused and three dimensionally reconstructed in a VR environment. All critical structures such as the trigeminal nerve as well as the arteries and veins of the cerebellopontine angle, the brainstem, the neighboring cranial nerves, and the transverse and sigmoid sinus were segmented. The NVC was visualized and a simulation of a retrosigmoid approach, with varying trajectories, to the NVC was performed. The intraoperative findings were then compared with the data of the simulation. The clinical outcome was assessed by a detailed review of medical reports, and follow-up-interviews were conducted in all available patients (20/26).

Results The VR planning was well integrated into the clinical workflow, and imaging processing time was 30 to 40 minutes. There was a sole arterial conflict in 13 patients, a venous conflict in 4 patients, and a combined arteriovenous conflict in 9 patients. The preoperative simulations provided a precise visualization of the anatomical relationships of the offending vessels and the trigeminal nerves as well as the surrounding structures. For each case, the approach along the most suitable surgical corridor was simulated and the exact steps of the decompression were planned. The NVC and the anatomy of the cerebellopontine angle as seen intraoperatively matched with the preoperative simulations in all cases and the MVC could be performed as planned. At follow-up, 92.3% (24/26) of patients were pain free and all the patients who completed the questionnaire would undergo the surgery again (20/20). The surgical complication rate was zero.

Conclusion Current imaging technology allows detailed preoperative visualization of the pathoanatomical spatial relationships in cases of TN. 3D interactive VR technology allows establishing a clear dissection and decompression strategy, resulting in safe vascular microsurgery and excellent clinical results.
Hip Resurfacing in the Setting of Retained Proximal Femoral Instrumentation or Complex Deformity
Authors: Premkumar Ajay , Ren Renee , Spaan Jonathan , Su Edwin P.
Published: March 2024

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the setting of significant retained femoral instrumentation or complex proximal femoral deformity may be challenging and published reports of THA in this setting reveal sobering results. Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is an alternative to THA and may avoid complex hardware removal or deformity correction at the time of hip arthroplasty. Twenty-three patients who underwent elective HRA in the setting of significant proximal femoral deformity and/or retained femoral instrumentation were identified from a prospectively maintained registry. Pre- and postoperative Lower Extremity Assessment Scores (LEAS), modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHS), Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores for Joint Replacement (HOOS, JR) scores, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain levels, and metal ion levels were obtained. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) follow-up was 5.03 (2.07 − 7.91) years, and no patients had undergone revision surgery at their latest follow-up. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) surgical duration was 94.40 (12.00) minutes, and postoperative length of stay was 1.74 (1.80) days. There were no intraoperative complications, and all patients were discharged home. Median (IQR) postoperative LEAS, VAS pain scale, mHHS, and HOOS, JR scores were 13.00 (9.25 − 13.00), 2.50 (0.75 − 10.00), 92.60 (92.40 − 100.00), and 92.34 (85.26 − 100.00), respectively. Fourteen patients completed postoperative serum metal ion level testing at a mean (SD) of 4.24 (2.85) years, where cobalt and chromium levels were 1.22 (0.36) and 2.01 (0.80) parts per billion, respectively. HRA is a viable option for patients with significant proximal femoral deformity or retained instrumentation, and excellent results at mid-term follow-up can be achieved utilizing this strategy in this complex patient population.
Anticoagulation in the Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism—A Review
Authors: del Toro Mijares Raul , Rojas Murguia Adrian , Porres-Aguilar Mateo , Mukherjee Debabrata
Published: March 2024

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a very frequent cardiovascular entity that encompasses deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE). This last entity represents a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The incidence of PE and the rate of PE-related morbidity significantly increase with age, race, and underlying medical conditions, such as malignancy. Given the recent advances in diagnostic strategies and algorithms, patients can be risk assessed and treated promptly to avoid disease progression. Anticoagulation is the mainstay of treatment for acute PE that is not hemodynamically unstable. Direct oral anticoagulants, such as apixaban, rivaroxaban, or edoxaban, are currently the preferred agents for the treatment of patients who present with acute PE or for long-term treatment. Treatment duration should be continued for at least 3 months, and all patients should be assessed for extended duration of therapy based on the precipitating factors that led to the development of the VTE. Novel anticoagulant agents targeting factor XI/XIa are currently being investigated in phases 2 and 3 clinical trials, representing an attractive option in anticoagulation therapies in patients with VTE. For hemodynamically unstable patients, systemic thrombolysis is the treatment of choice, and it may also be of benefit—in reduced dose—for patients with intermediate to high risk who are at risk of hemodynamic collapse.
Should I Stay or Should I Go? The Interplay Between Scientific and Entrepreneurial Passion in Shaping the Frustration–Intention Relationship in the Academia
Authors: Balzano Marco , Bortoluzzi Guido , Bunjak Aldijana , Černe Matej
Published: March 2024

Academic careers come with many joys but are frequently accompanied by frustration. In the present study, we provide a multi-dimensional measure of academic frustration. Using a sample of 312 differently frustrated academics across the globe, our study develops a new perspective on academic frustration and academics’ intention to stay or leave academia. We empirically investigate the interaction between academic frustration and scientific and entrepreneurial passion in predicting four different intention outcomes: spin-off, startup, leaving academia, and changing university. Our findings indicate that scientific passion positively determines the intention to stay in academia, whereas entrepreneurial passion prompts academics to opt out of academic careers when overly frustrated. This study contributes to multiple literature and offers practical implications for academics and institutions. From a policy perspective, we seek to provide guidance on how to deal with the intentions and actions of frustrated academics.
Natural resource governance and strategic economic resources: The perspective of Indonesia Raya Incorporated
Authors: Trihatmoko Roderikus Agus , Susilo Yuvensius Sri
Published: March 2024

The study aims to identify and describe the theory of economic development according to the thinking of Indonesia Raya Incorporated (IRI) in managing the interest of natural resources included in strategic economic resources. This study used a qualitative method through a grounded theory approach with constructivism and criticism as the interpretation approach. The data collected through the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) technique was processed using a componential analysis approach. The study results reveal the content of the main variables of economic development, namely the role and function of the government and state enterprises, namely State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) and Regional-Owned Enterprises (ROEs), related to the potential of managing natural resources and other strategic economic resources which are determinants of the economic strata of population or for improving the welfare of the people. These novel findings highlights the significance of natural resource governance and strategic economy, namely the IRI’s perspective on economic development. The theory and conception contribute to deepening knowledge previously proposed in IRI and Murakabi economics. So, this knowledge has implications for natural resources management practices by the government and corporate strategies within the body of SOEs and ROEs in Indonesia and the global world. This includes the possibility of strategies for national and multinational private companies whose main business positions are based on natural resources and strategic economics.
Investigating neighborhood adaptability using mobility networks: a case study of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Boz Hasan Alp , Bahrami Mohsen , Balcisoy Selim , Bozkaya Burcin , Mazar Nina , Nichols Aaron , Pentland Alex
Published: March 2024

What predicts a neighborhood’s adaptability to essential public health policies and shelter-in-place regulations that prevent the harmful spread of COVID-19? To answer this question, we present a novel application of human mobility patterns and human behavior in a network setting. We analyze 2 years of mobility data (January 2019 to December 2020) from New York City and construct weekly mobility networks between census block groups based on aggregated point-of-interest visit patterns. Our results indicate that neighborhoods’ socioeconomic and geographic characteristics play a significant role in predicting their adaptability to active shelter-in-place policies. Our simulation outcomes reveal that, alongside factors such as race, education, and income, the geographical attributes of neighborhoods, such as access to amenities that satisfy community needs are equally important factors in predicting neighborhood adaptability to public health policies. These findings offer valuable insights that can enhance urban planning strategies, thereby aiding pandemic mitigation efforts and fostering increased adaptability of urban areas in the face of exogenous shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Representations of 5G in the Chinese and British press: a corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis
Authors: Pei Jiamin , Cheng Le
Published: March 2024

This study employs a corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis to demystify the dominant patterns of representations around 5G in the Chinese and British press. Keyword analyses identify four thematic categories around the representation of 5G: the nature of 5G, social actors in 5G discourse, actions around 5G and timing in 5G discourse. Findings suggest that the Chinese press tends to use positive evaluative expressions to depict 5G as a trustworthy and beneficial issue and stress China’s strong support for 5G development. In contrast, the British press prefers to frame 5G as a product of geopolitical rivalry and an issue with scientific uncertainties and controversies by repeatedly employing negative language patterns related to 5G risks and conspiracy theories. Besides, a subtle but varying “self versus other” schema is constructed by the two presses. The Chinese press is inclined to use positive predication strategies to construct a positive self-representation, whereas the British press tends to adopt negative predication strategies to portray China as an outgroup and meanwhile use scapegoating strategies to profile Britain as a positive self by using recurrent patterns denoting the pressure exerted on Britain by the United States. Such differences could result from their journalistic ideologies and values and the contrasting socio-political contexts where the two presses are situated.
Influence of social determinants of health in the evolution of the quality of life of older adults in Europe: A comparative analysis between men and women
Authors: Llorens-Ortega Rafael , Bertran-Noguer Carmen , Juvinyà-Canals Dolors , Garre-Olmo Josep , Bosch-Farré Cristina
Published: March 2024

Population aging is a global phenomenon due to declining birth rates and increased life expectancy. This demographic shift poses a challenge to society, requiring adaptation of policies, economies, and healthcare systems to safeguard the well-being of older individuals. Health inequalities, influenced by social determinants such as education, economic status, and place of residence, impact this population group, with notable differences between men and women. Several studies have demonstrated that social determinants of health (SDH) affect the quality of life (QoL) of older individuals, especially women. In general, women report lower quality of life indicators, lower educational levels, and poorer health compared to men. This study aims to examine how social determinants of health can influence the quality of life of the population aged 50 or older in different European countries, from a sex perspective, through a longitudinal approach. The main SDHs associated with poorer QoL were female sex advanced age, economic hardship, educational level, and geographic location within Europe. Depression in women and men in Southern Europe was associated with a decrease in QoL scores.
How do cancer research scientists deal with machines and consumables? Exploring research ethics from an inductive ethnographic perspective
Authors: Mnasri Salaheddine , Jaber Fadi
Published: March 2024

This paper started from an inductive ethnography conducted within a cancer research lab in Belgium. The primary objective was to explore how researchers make decisions and rationalize their scientific practices. Through data collected from participant observation, interviews, and analysis of research protocols, the study exposes serious knowledge gaps that compromise research ethics. Specifically, the findings reveal the scientists’ need for more understanding of the validity of their lab machines and the readymade consumables procured from external providers. Moreover, without questioning this dependency, our participants (scientists) rely heavily on machines and consumables for almost all their research protocols. The findings suggest that cancer researchers place unjustifiable trust in the lab’s machines and the external providers’ reliability; this compromises the following three fundamental ethical principles: research integrity, responsible conduct, and the responsibility of using resources and technologies.
Exact solutions of Burgers equation with moving boundary
Authors: Petropoulou Eugenia N. , Ferdows Mohammad , Tzirtzilakis Efstratios E.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, new symmetry reductions and similarity solutions for Burgers equation with moving boundary are obtained by means of Lie’s method of infinitesimal transformation groups, for a linearly moving boundary as well as a parabolically moving boundary. By using discrete symmetries, new analytical solutions for the problem under consideration are presented, for two cases of the moving boundary: one moving with constant velocity and another one rapidly oscillating.
A novel combined wind speed forecasting system based on fuzzy granulation and multi-objective optimization
Authors: Yang Chenglin , Wang Jianzhou
Published: March 2024

With the increasing application of wind energy, reliable wind speed prediction has become imperative. However, prior studies predominantly concentrated on single-model predictions, disregarding the inherent uncertainty in wind speed. This oversight resulted in inadequate deterministic and probabilistic forecasting outcomes across varying scenarios. To make up for these shortcomings, a novel forecasting system combining a data preprocessing technique, a sub-model selection method, and a modified multi-objective integrate optimization strategy is designed in this paper. According to the data obtained from China's wind farm, the forecasting efficiency of this system is verified from multiple perspectives. The findings show that the system takes advantage of each model to boost the precision and stability of point prediction successfully. Furthermore, it achieves higher interval coverage and narrower interval width under distinct confidence levels. These results highlight the system's potential as a reliable technical support for efficient dispatching of the entire power system.
Single-shot fast cinematic imaging during merging process of multiple electron filaments in electrostatic potential well
Authors: Okada T. , Himura H. , Nakajima Y. , Sanpei A.
Published: March 2024

For the first time, details of the spatial and temporal acceptable evolution of the merging process of co-rotating electron vortices in a potential well are successfully captured using a “single-shot method” with a high temporal resolution of 10 µs. Four-electron filaments are trapped inside the Beam eXperiment-Upgrade linear trap [H. Himura, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 811, 100 (2016)] with a uniform axial magnetic field and co-axial multi-ring electrodes. Images of non-emitting electron filaments are captured using a high-speed camera with up to 1 000 000 fps, a microchannel plate, a fast-decay phosphor screen of which fluorescence duration is 0.15 µs, and a super fine metallic mesh with an open area ratio of 89%. Images captured every 10 µs clearly show the growth of multiple short-wave instabilities in the wing trailing electron vortices. The experimental methods and measurement techniques presented in this paper can contribute to revealing exactly how small vortices evolve into a large structure or turbulence in a potential well through complex processes.
A continuous ultra-narrow impulse synchronizer using a monolithic field programmable gate array for fast deployment and scalability
Authors: Ye Yuli , Zhang Xiongjie , Ma Shuai , Li Peng , Xiao Dexin , Zhou Kui , Yang Xinfan , Li Ming , Wu Dai , Li Feng , Jin Ge , Sang Ziru
Published: March 2024

Ultra-narrow pulses serve as critical components in numerous applications. These pulses have ultra-fast leading edges that typically function as precision trigger signals to synchronize various instruments. Ultra-narrow pulses inherently exhibit an ultra-wide bandwidth, gaining significant attention in diverse electronic systems encompassing communications, radar imaging, electronic warfare, and others. Although several techniques have been explored for generating ultra-narrow pulses, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) offer a promising alternative in terms of flexibility and integration. This study introduces a scalable delay pulse synchronizer method with a resolution of 23 ps. A programmable, successive, narrow pulse sequence operating at a 1-GHz repetition frequency is implemented within a monolithic FPGA. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using an existing board with a general commercial FPGA in the laboratory. This new method presents a convenient and efficient approach of achieving ultra-narrow pulse synchronization, being applicable across various fields.