bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O olhar epistemológico complexo, transdisciplinar e ecoformador no contexto socioambiental contemporâneo
Authors: Souza Kênia Paulino de Queiroz , Haizenreder Ertzogue Marina , Zwierewicz Marlene
Published: January 2020

A epistemologia complexa tem se mobilizado em meio à crise socioambiental que afeta diferentes instâncias da realidade local e global, sendo motivada pela necessidade de estimular a capacidade de enfrentamento das adversidades que se consolidam no contínuo processo formativo. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem por objetivo refletir à luz da epistemologia complexa e ecoformadora sobre a interligação entre o ser humano, a sociedade e o meio ambiente a partir do contexto educacional. Para tanto, optou-se metodologicamente pela revisão bibliográfica a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa apoiada em pensadores como: Mallart (2009), Moraes (2008; 2014), Morin (2009; 2015), Nicolescu (1999), Silva (2008), Zwierewicz (2011) e Wulf (2016). Este estudo propiciou a compreensão de que é urgente repensar o contexto formador diante das questões que se tem vivenciado no âmbito individual, social e ambiental, pois cada vez mais de forma instável, conflituosa e desafiadora o ser humano enfrenta um cenário que incentiva a reprodução e a simplificação de discussões educacionais que visam à interligação da vida planetária. Esse repensar parte do enfrentamento ao olhar reducionista e fragmentado que há muito tem sido utilizado. É nesse contexto que a epistemologia complexa e a ecoformação assumem uma posição de relevância na formação, especialmente quando possibilidades habituais não são suficientes para solucionar os problemas que afetam a realidade socioambiental.
La Cuenca Hidrosocial Presa Huapango, México: Un análisis de la Gestión Integrada de los Recursos Hídricos y la gobernanza en cuerpos de agua compartidos
Authors: García Galván Marta , Herrera Tapia Francisco
Published: January 2020

Durante la época contemporánea en América Latina y el resto del mundo la problemática de la escasez, calidad, sustentabilidad y derecho al agua en cuerpos de agua compartidos se ha hecho presente. Por lo que, este trabajo analiza la gestión integrada de los recursos hídricos y la gobernanza como factores clave para resolver dichas adversidades de forma holística. En este sentido, se analiza el caso de la Presa Huapango, México, ya que es compartida por cinco municipios del Norte del Estado de México[1]: Acambay, Aculco, Jilotepec Timilpan y Polotitlán que juntos conformaron para este análisis una cuenca hidrosocial por existir una interrelación entre pobladores de aguas arriba y aguas abajo que comparten una problemática de tipo social, económico, político y ambiental que quieren resolver a través de la propuesta de creación de un Comité intermunicipal para el uso, cuidado y defensa de la presa Huapango con su Reglamento como instrumentos de política pública para iniciar acciones, proyectos y programas mediante la participación de los actores históricos, y así poder garantizar la sustentabilidad de la presa Huapango y el desarrollo integral de su región

 

[1] El Estado de México para diferenciarlo de México como país, es una de las treinta y dos entidades federativas que forman los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y está ubicado en la región centro del país, es la  entidad más poblada con 16.187.608 habs. en 2015, y la más densamente poblada con 678,80 habs/km². (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, 2018).
ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY AND STRENGTH OF CONCRETE IN CONDITIONS OF REAL CONSTRUCTION
Authors: BUTENKO Sergey A. , ZALYAKAEVA Dinara R.
Published: January 2020

The determination of the actual class of concrete in monolithic reinforced concrete structures is the most important factor determining the quality and strength of structures. In practice, the actual grade of concrete may differ from the design value. If this difference occurs in the direction of decreasing the actual concrete class, then the normative and design characteristics of concrete, the bearing capacity and rigidity of the structures, respectively, decrease and there is a need to strengthen the structures. Current regulatory documents allow you to determine the actual class of concrete in both continuous and spot inspection of structures. The article discusses specific examples to determine the actual class of concrete and draws conclusions about the rational use of a continuous or selective examination of structures of various types with specific examples.
INSTALLATION FEATURES OF SPATIAL LATTICE METAL COVERING OF A PRODUCTION BUILDING IN LIMITED SPACE CONDITIONS
Authors: DOLADOV Yury I. , ZORINA Marina A. , KHABUR Irina V. , BOKAREVA Ekaterina N. , DODONOVA Daria A.
Published: January 2020

A version of the project for the installation of the spatial structure of the coating of an industrial building was developed. The technological feature of the project was the presence of cramped working conditions. The feasibility study of the methods of assembly and installation of the coating, taking into account the peculiarities of the construction of the coating, the features of the construction site and the needs for lifting machines, showed the eff ectiveness of the installation of the coating with enlarged blocks assembled on the ground. Mounting the unit using a traverse allowed to reduce the estimated height of the hook and select a crane that does not diff er in the high cost of rent. It became possible to apply the adopted installation scheme provided that an individual design of the beam was developed. The calculation and design of the traverse itself was performed, as well as the calculation of the enlarged unit for the installation situation.
MORHOLOGICALOF HISTORICAL AND GENETIC RECONSTRUCTION OF A NATURAL OBJECT AS AN IMPERATIVE IN RESEARCH AND DESIGN
Authors: VOLOGDINA Nataliya N. , ALEXANDROVA Olga Y.
Published: January 2020

In the research the morphology of the geological structure, the genesis of a natural object, embedded in such a “construction” as time, are studied. As a result of the loss of historical and informative artifacts of the environment, the territory loses its identity. In order to maintain the structural basis, a scientifi c study of the genesis of the object is carried out. The existing problems of modeling objects in conditions of disturbed landscapes are considered. The concept of historical genetic reconstruction method is introduced. A paradigm of research and modeling of the territory and objects that have lost their natural, aesthetic and cultural essence, based on formal features and is an imperative of design, is proposed. For this purpose, elements of the operating base are being developed.
OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY COSTS AT THE STAGE OF DESIGNING AND REFINING OF THE PUSHER OF ENGINE GAS DISTRIBUTION MECHANISM
Authors: KRESTIN Evgeny A.
Published: January 2020

In order to optimize energy consumption at the design stage and fine-tuning the main components of the gas distribution mechanism, calculations were performed. The method of calculating annular gaps was used to select the rational dimensions of the pusher assembly design, as well as the gas distribution mechanism of the engine of construction machines. A pusher model is considered in the design scheme of the engine lubrication system for construction vehicles, which helps to refine the calculated data on the oil consumption of the main consumers. The data obtained accelerate the development of the engine design at the design, development and operation stages of machines and mechanisms. The main task was to calculate the pusher of the indicated type to obtain data on oil consumption through the annular gap formed by the sleeve and the pusher body.
VARIABLE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF MOTION OF A DUSTY FLOW IN AN INERTIAL-VACUUM DUST COLLECTOR
Authors: PARAMONOV Alexander M. , MOSTOVENKO Lyubov V.
Published: January 2020

The object of study in this article is presented in the form of an inertial-vacuum dust collector (IVDC). There are two types of IVDC: first generation and second generation. The first experiment was conducted in 2009, and the second in 2018. The plants consider similar principles of dust collection. The purpose of this article is to compare the results of a full-scale experiment conducted on a second-generation inertia-vacuum dust collector at the Omsk TPP-4 station and the data of a numerical experiment calculated in ANSYS CFX. After the initial calculations, adjustments were made to the boundary conditions. The data obtained in the course of a numerical experiment with specified boundary conditions are in good agreement with the full-scale experiment. Measurement schemes and graphical dependences of the degree of capture efficiency on the geometric characteristics of the ash collector are presented.
DEFICIENCIES OF PLATO’S DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM
Authors: Liashchenko Iryna
Published: January 2020

Main objective of the study. The objective of the study is to identify deficiencies of the democratic political system in order to protect democracy from rapid degradation into tyranny.
Methodology. The systematic method was selected as the methodological basis for the research, as it enables the consideration of Plato’s democratic system as interdependent with other types of states. The comparative method proved to be effective for distinguishing the characteristic features of the aristocratic, timocratic, oligarchic, democratic and tyrannical state of the human soul and Plato’s system of government.Findings and conclusions. To enable proper operation of democracy, it requires protection from its own deficiencies. These deficiencies include the following: firstly, the flaw of haughty, arrogant attitude towards wise talented naturally eminent people and the fear of their coming to power originates from timocracy; secondly, just as «barns with gold» destroyed the timocratic and oligarchic type of state, so the residues of these «barns» turn into a flaw of democracy in the form of a social abyss between the most affluent and the most deprived strata of the society; thirdly, this is excessive will in democracy that is gradually turning into excessive slavery. Regarding the latter, Plato emphasizes the anarchic extreme of freedom in democracy, which turns it into arbitrariness. After all, in a democracy there is no need to participate in government; not necessarily obey; no go to war; neither obey peace or laws, etc. The main consequence of all these deficiencies in the democratic system is the fostering of a future tyrant rooting from a people’s deputy. Since the thinker points out that no matter how many times a tyrant appears, he does not come from somewhere, but only from a democratic election procedure.
THE PHENOMENON OF BIOPOLITICS: STATUS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Kyselov Mykola
Published: January 2020

Analyzed heuristic possibilities, limits of competence and subject field of biopolitics study are an important fragment of a new complex scientific direction of biophilosophy. The position about its socio-natural character is argued: the integration of biology with the sciences of man and society. The reasons for the actualization of the problems of biopolitics and biopower under the current conditions (the market economy crisis, ecological and anthropological crisis, the progress of global warming) are considered.
It is shown that the planetary issues of migration, rise in inequality and the New Climate Regime are actively involved in the field of biopolitics. The skepticism about expectations for globalization, that is already perceived as «provincial vision, proposed by a few individuals, representing a very small number of interests», that «has been imposed on everyone and spread everyone». (B. Latour). It is emphasized that ecology has made efforts to attract attention to the global problems of humanity and created an «environmental dimension» in everything, including politicum, and yet it has not lived up to the expectations: Greens Parties remain dependent everywhere on the minorities seeking support. It is at the level of biopolitics, one has to be understood that the inaccuracy of the classic contrast the environment with the organism, nature with man and human nature with culture.
It is concluded that biopolitics has to play a pivot role in the decision of the global «survival strategy» and the preservation of life on the planet. It must find support and resilience in a situation of unprecedented destruction of all living things.
KÂĞIT KATLAMANIN SEMİYOTİK ARABULUCULUK TEORİSİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Güler Selek Hatice Kübra
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın
amacı, matematik öğretimine yönelik bir teori olan Semiyotik Arabuluculuk
Teorisi’nin Türkiye’de tanıtılmasını sağlamak ve uygulanabilirliğine yönelik
bir örnek sunmaktır. Teorinin temel kavramlarının ve özelliklerinin
tanıtılmasının ardından, uygulanabilirliğini tartışmak adına; bir nesne olarak
seçilen kâğıdın; kâğıt katlama etkinliklerinde kullanımının semiyotik
potansiyeli analiz edilmiş ve bir simetri eksenine sahip dörtgenlerin
(ikizkenar yamuk ve deltoid) inşasında ve kavramsal olarak oluşturulmasında
ortaya çıkan işaretlerin analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışma 10. sınıfta okumakta olan
35 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilen bir durum çalışmasıdır. Öğrenciler dörderli ve
beşerli gruplara ayrılmıştır. Bu makalede sadece bir grubun çalışması raporlanmıştır.
Kâğıt katlamanın semiyotik potansiyelinin analizi sonucunda öğrencilerin
çakışma, iz vasıtasıyla simetri, eşlik gibi kavramları zihinlerinde
canlandırmasına ve eşkenar dörtgen, kare, yamuk gibi bildikleri dörtgenlerin
özellikleri üzerine derin düşünmelerine yardımcı olan bir nesne olduğu
görülmüştür. Kâğıt, Semiyotik Arabuluculuk Teorisi’nin bir nesnesi olarak
kullanılabilecek özellikleri taşımaktadır. Söz konusu teorinin sınıflarda
kullanılması için ise öğretmenin yönlendirici rolünün ne denli önemli olduğu
belirlenmiştir.
The spectrum of thyroid lesions on fine needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Jaiswal Yashika P. , Chawhan Sanjay
Published: January 2020

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of thyroid gland is the most common preoperative investigation for diagnosis of thyroid lesions. Though various tests like thyroid profile, ultrasonography and radionuclide scan are available, they are used as adjuvant diagnostic modalities. FNAC is simple, easy to perform, non-invasive and cost-effective procedure. Primary aim is to study the spectrum of various thyroid lesions on FNAC. Also, the study is aimed to categorise the thyroid lesions according to the Bethesda system for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (2017).Methods: This is a retrospective observational study carried out in the pathology department at tertiary care academic institute for a period of three years. FNAC was done in a patient with thyroid swelling by non-aspiration technique. Slides were prepared, fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol and processed with routine stains.Results: Out of 210 cases, 150 cases (71.42%) were benign lesions, 15 cases (7.14%) were Follicular neoplasm/Suspicious for follicular neoplasm, 14(6.66%) cases were reported as Atypia of undetermined significance, 13 cases (6.19%) were Unsatisfactory/Nondiagnostic, 11 cases (5.2%) were malignant and 7 cases (3.3%) were suspicious for malignancy.Conclusions: FNAC is the most effective tool for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. The Bethesda system is used to categorise the thyroid lesions and helps in better communication between clinicians and pathologists for the best surgical and medical management. The number of benign cases were higher and the number of cases in the category of suspicious for malignancy were lower with female preponderance.
The various metabolic factors involved in stone recurrence: a prospective study
Authors: Singh Jitendra Kumar , Singh Sanjay , Maha Devan A. , Kola Anish
Published: January 2020

Background: Nephrolithiasis is the most common chronic kidney condition, is globally increasing in both sexes. Five main types of renal stones viz., calcium oxalate stones, calcium phosphate stones, uric acid stones, struvite stones and cystine stones. Purpose of the study is to evaluate various metabolic factors contributing to recurrent renal stone and determining appropriate medical treatment and diet modification to prevent recurrent renal stone disease.Methods: This study was carried out in P.G. Department of Surgery, S.R.N. Hospital associated with M.L.N. Medical College, Allahabad. A total of 120 cases of recurrent renal calculi in and outpatient between August 2017 and July 2019 were included in the study. All patients were stone free at the time of metabolic urine evaluation.Results: Most of the patients in the study were in the age 21 to 50 years. 80% were males and 20% were females. In 24-hour urine analysis most common metabolic abnormality seems to be hyperoxaluria (92.5%) followed by hypercalciuria (82.5%), high pH (67.5%), and least common seems to be hypocitraturia (15%), followed by hyperphosphaturia (20%), hypernatreturia (25%), and low level of potassium (25%).Conclusions: All patient of recurrent stone formation are advised increase fluid intake. In patient with hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia, dietary restriction of protein, oxalate and sodium, treatment includes thiazides supplemented with potassium citrate. In patient with hyperoxaluria dietary restriction of oxalate rich food and in hyperuricosuria dietary restriction of animal protein is advised.
Gestão de riscos corporativos: percepção dos chief risk officers
Authors: Marques Leandro , Muller Suzana Habitzreuter , Da Silva Márcia Zanievicz
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste artigo foi verificar como a gestão de riscos se materializa nas organizações. Para tanto, realizou-se pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa por meio de levantamento. O instrumento de coleta de dados compreendeu um questionário estruturado enviado à CROs de empresas brasileiras, auditores e consultores de gestão de riscos. Um total de 22 respostas foi obtido. A análise dos dados revela que há pouco conhecimento por parte dos entrevistados sobre as obras que versam sobre gestão de riscos apresentadas na pesquisa, indicando assim pouca utilização destas como estratégias de capacitação pelos CROs. Em relação às ferramentas e técnicas de gestão de riscos, constatou-se que as técnicas elencadas pelo COSO (2007) são pouco utilizadas pelos respondentes, sendo que as mais utilizadas são as de menor complexidade de aplicação. Em relação aos motivos para a adoção da GRC na empresa, o mais recorrente foi a exigência por parte de órgãos reguladores.
RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON PROBLEMS, NEEDS AND STRATEGIES OF SOUTHERN THAILAND
Authors: Kewsuwun Nawapon , Kwiecien Kanyarat , Sae-Chan Chumchit
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop a research knowledge structure according to problems, needs, and strategies of a community, to search for relationships, and to scope knowledge regarding problems, needs, and strategies of a community, to gather practical problem-solving guidelines, and to reflect and reconfirm existing body of knowledge of a community.

Methodology: This design of this study is content synthesis, knowledge organization as classification approach has been applied to this mixed-method research, the knowledge has been categorized into a tree structure according to the relationships of each concept, and therefore, it shows clear causes and effects also differentiates relationships in scope of related knowledge of the southern development.

Main Findings: The results of this study indicate that the knowledge structure of the research for the development of southern Thailand comprises 2 domains, 20 classes, 139 concepts, and 327 sub-concepts. It will let us see the relationships and trends of knowledge based on the research of southern Thailand by the scope of knowledge that reflects gaps in some research points and can be resolved or reused.

Applications of this study: The findings confirmed that we can develop it to the ontology for a recommender system or knowledge-based system of research for development based on problems, needs, and strategies of community in southern Thailand. It is a search engine tool for researchers on research for southern Thailand development. Further, this could explain more the relationships of information clearly, similarly; the knowledge structure will help the researcher’s study scope area, reduce research redundancy, reduce costs on research redundancy and reconfirm knowledge to conduct research and innovations.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The findings confirmed that it can be applied in terms of the policy area and national strategies, or applied as a part of solutions, for example, the body of research knowledge on tourism and agricultural development which is crucial for the national economy and resource. The government could take the knowledge into account the research or tourism policies, agricultural production as start-ups: Smart Tourism and Smart Agro Technology.
Mapping the History of a Territory: Bon Pastor (Barcelona) – Social Remembrance and Heritage Project
Authors: Angosto Salvador
Published: January 2020

The topic of the article are the complex stages of the formation of the Bon Pastor neighbourhood in Barcelona, and contemporary efforts to create the remembrance space system that would preserve the social memory and historical identity of the place. The author presents how the urban development plans for the district were transformed as a result of major changes in national politics, economy, and social policy, since the 1930s, through 60s and 70s, till today. The article describes the Bon Pastor Civic Memory project as an interesting example of a participatory action aimed at the preservation of local heritage.

The implementation of the Civic Memory project was possible due to the neighbours’ initiative and their cooperation with cultural and academic institutions. The aim of this project is to mark certain points of the territory which possess historically and socially significant value, and to enhance them through public art, urban design and other implementations envisaged. The Association of residents of Bon Pastor (Barcelona) has been characterized, since 1974, for its combative and vindictive nature, at the same time as for its great capacity to launch solidarity initiatives and manage complicated processes to improve the living conditions of residents of the neighbourhood. After the struggles to obtain a health centre, the improvement of communications by metro and bus, and the constant improvement of public space, in recent years, the Association is co-managing with the Barcelona City Council, the radical transformation of the neighbourhood.

The different phases for the remodelling of the neighbourhood, by replacing the so-called “cheap houses” with new buildings, with more spacious apartments and with better material conditions, is coming to an end and now, the possibility opens up, driven by the neighbours and the Museum of the History of the City (MUHBA) to have a metropolitan museographic space devoted to the presentation and study of the evolution of workers’ and popular housing in Barcelona.
Under Construction: Urban Practices of Terrain Vague in Upper Silesia
Authors: Petri Jakub
Published: January 2020

The Silesian conurbation consists of large amounts of terrains of uncertain status. Empty areas left after closed coal mines, ironworks, decommissioned working-class recreation zones or simply SLOAPS (Spaces Left Over After Planning) tend to be increasingly noticed by Silesian citizens nowadays and the experience of terrain vagues has become an important factor shaping their daily routine. The article covers the one, chosen distinct Silesian terrain vague location: the landscape park Żabie Doły (situated in municipalities of Bytom – Chorzow – Siemianowice Śląskie) in a quest to investigate the „unintentional landscape” as a place of different independent urban practices, undertaken by inhabitants. Terrain vague is being presented as an opportunity rather than a burden for a modern urban planning.
The Everyday Aesthetics of Public Space
Authors: Salwa Mateusz
Published: January 2020

The main claim of the article is that everyday aesthetics conceived as a philosophical analysis of everyday objects and situations offers a theoretical perspective that may be applied to the aesthetics of public space. Analysed in aesthetic terms, the public space may be thought to be a space that offers an aesthetic experience to the widest possible public. I contend that the aesthetic quality of public space should be a quality that favours positive experiences of the everyday, banal practices taking place in it. Accordingly, designing public space should consist in making it “everyday experience-friendly.” My argument will be illustrated by the example of a site-specific installation, the Oxygenator, created in Warsaw by Joanna Rajkowska, whose intention was to offer people an ordinary place where they could meet in a “healthy atmosphere.”
Estetyzacja bez granic? O (konfliktowej) komplementarności etyki i estetyki
Authors: Rejniak-Majewska Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

Artykuł stanowi komentarz do książki Między etyką i estetyką. Rozważania nad problemem estetyzacji (Toruń, 2017). Analizę koncepcji prezentowanych w książce poprzedza przypomnienie kontekstu wcześniejszych dyskusji nad problematyką estetyzacji, w szczególności polskiej recepcji tej tematyki, począwszy od lat 90. dwudziestego wieku. O ile estetyzacja powierzchowna, rozumiana jako marketingowa i PR-owa strategia upiększania, spotykała się zazwyczaj z krytyką, bardziej pozytywnie przyjmowano postmodernistyczny, antyfundamentalistyczny program „estetyzacji głębokiej”. Omawiana antologia tekstów wprowadza nowy akcent w stosunku do wcześniejszych dyskusji, skupia się bowiem na relacji etyki i estetyki. Choć zostały w niej uwzględnione różne perspektywy, autorzy antologii opowiadają się za nieredukowalną potrzebą etycznych miar i wzajemną komplementarnością etyki i estetyki. Teksty zgromadzone w książce zaprzeczają w tym sensie tezie Wolfganga Welscha, że „współcześnie etyka sama przeobraża się w subdyscyplinę estetyki”.
Tingkat Pencemaran Udara di Desa Silo dan Pace, Kecamatan Silo, Kabupaten Jember dengan Menggunakan Lichen Sebagai Bioindikator
Authors: Fandani Septian Theo , Sulistiyowati Hari , Setiawan Rendy
Published: January 2020

Polusi udara dapat menurunkan kualitas lingkungan yang berdampak pada masalah kesehatan. Sumber utama yang menyebabkan masalah tersebut adalah terganggunya gas atmosfer yang berasal dari kendaraan roda empat, kendaraan roda dua, dan gas buang industri. Salah satu upaya monitoring kualitas udara adalah dengan menggunakan lichen. Lichen seringkali dijadikan indikator kualitas udara, karena organisme ini mempunyai sifat akumulator dan sangat adaptif terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menentukan tingkat pencemaran udara di Desa Silo dan Pace. Kecamatan Silo. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah dengan mengambil sampel lichen menggunakan plot-plot yang diletakkan secara vertikal pada pohon di tiga stasiun berbeda pada waktu yang hampir bersamaan. Tiga stasiun tersebut berada di Desa Silo, Pace, dan perkebunan Pace. Data yang didapat berupa nama jenis, jumlah koloni dan luas penutupan lichen untuk menentukan nilai IAP (Index of Atmospheric Purify). Hasil dari perhitungan IAP menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pencemaran udara di Desa Silo lebih tinggi daripada di Desa Pace dan perkebunan Pace. Hal ini dikarenakan Desa Silo memiliki nilai IAP yang lebih rendah (10,58) dibandingkan dengan di dua stasiun lainnya (nilai IAP 30,84 dan 81,28). Tingginya pencemaran udara tersebut disebabkan oleh tingginya volume kendaraan bermotor yang melewati jalan di Desa Silo (2.530 smp/jam/lajur).
Determining Flood Protection Strategy with Uncertain Parameter Using Adjustable Robust Counterpart Methodology
Authors: Chaerani Diah , Robbi Muttaqien Rodhiya , Hertini Elis , Rusyaman Endang , Paulus Erick
Published: January 2020

Flooding is a natural disaster that often occurs, it is not surprising that floods are one of the problems that must be resolved in various countries, one of which is Indonesia. Flood is very detrimental to the public because the impact could be the loss of material and non-material. A flood protection system is needed and must be managed properly. This aims in management of flood protection systems often requires efficient cost control strategies that are the lowest possible long-term costs, but still meets the flood protection standards imposed by regulators in all plans. In this paper a flood protection strategy is modeled using Adjustable Robust Optimization. In this approach, there are two kinds of variables that must be decided, i.e., adjustable and non-adjustable variables. A numerical simulation is presented using Scilab Software. Keywords: Flood Protection Strategy, Uncertainty, Adjustable Robust Optimization, Scilab Software.
A földtudományok szerepe az élőhelytérképek készítésében és értelmezésében délkelet-magyarországi példák alapján
Authors: Deák József Áron , Rakonczai János , Ladányi Zsuzsanna
Published: January 2020

A természetföldrajzi adottságok és változásaik befolyásolják a természetvédelem objektumainak (fajok, közösségek, tájak) megjelenését, térbeli mintázatát, állapotát. Délkelet-Magyarországon a makroklimatikus különbségek helyett a felszíni üledékek, a vízellátottság és a geomorfológia szerepe hangsúlyosabb a talajok és a biológiai entitások térbeli mintázatában. A földrajzi háttértényezők alapján a vizsgált területen homoki, lösz- és ártéri tájtípusok találhatók. A homoki tájak a garmada-buckamezők vagy a lepelhomok-hátak dominanciája alapján különülnek el, szélvájta mélyedéseik élőhelyi mintázatát, azok felszín közeli üledékei, a talajvízáramlások, a csapadékbevétel, a párolgás és a sófelhalmozódás befolyásolja. A lösszel fedett hordalékkúp-síkságok élőhelyi mintázatát a jégkorszaki felszíni formakincs határozza meg, de jelentős a felszíni leöblítés és a legeltetés irányította padkaerózió szerepe is. Az ártereken az elöntés vagy annak hiánya, kiszámíthatatlansága befolyásolja leginkább a táji mintázatot a geomorfológia és a tájhasználat mellett, ami jelentős élőhelyi diverzitást hoz létre. A vegetáció térképezésére használt különböző léptékű élőhelytérképek egyben az abiotikus adottságok térbeli mintázatára is utalnak. A recens hazai földrajzi adatbázisok azonban csak tájléptékben segítenek a vegetációmintázat értelmezésében.
A mirigyes bálványfa (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) hazai kutatásainak áttekintése és inváziójának mértéke a hazai élőhelyeken
Authors: Demeter András , Czóbel Szilárd
Published: January 2020

Hazánkban a mirigyes bálványfa a legveszélyesebb fásszárú özönnövény fajok egyike. XIX. századi betelepítése óta sokfelé kivadult, a településekről az utak mentén is folyamatosan terjed és ma már az ország szinte minden területén előfordul, beleértve a természetközeli élőhelyek többségét. Agresszív térnyerése révén jelentős ökológiai és ökonómiai károkat okoz, ezért az ellene való védekezés elkerülhetetlenné vált. Ehhez a fajjal kapcsolatos releváns hazai ismeretanyag összegyűjtése fontos segítséget nyújthat.
A tengerek és óceánok műanyag szennyezésének komplex hatása - 1. rész: A probléma bemutatása
Authors: Gubek István
Published: January 2020

A tengerek és óceánok műanyag szennyezése az utóbbi évek egyik egyre többet kutatott témája. Hasonlóan globális szintű környezeti probléma, mint az éghajlatváltozás vagy a biodiverzitás csökkenése, ugyanakkor a közvélemény sokkal kevesebbet tud róla, mivel ez egy új kutatási terület, illetve nincs magyar nyelvű szakirodalom a témában. Ez az első átfogó összeállítás, mely a külföldi szakirodalom részletes áttanulmányozásával készült. Az első részben részletes leírást adok a tengeri környezetbe került műanyagok fizika, kémiai, biológia, ökológiai, gazdasági és társadalmi hatásairól, a második, befejező részben pedig bemutatom a már létező megoldási lehetőségeket.
Kisemlős populációk vizsgálata a Börzsöny déli oldalán
Authors: Márton Mihály , Heltai Miklós
Published: January 2020

A kisemlősök meghatározó szerepet töltenek be a táplálékhálózatokban, valamint jelentős a hatásuk egyes ágazatok (pl. vadgazdálkodás, növénytermesztés) eredményességére. Megítélésükhöz, kezelésükhöz elengedhetetlen, hogy valós ismeretekkel rendelkezzünk állományhelyzetükről. Vizsgálatunk céljaként a kisemlősök, kiemelten az egér- és pocokfajok populációinak felmérését, valamint élőhely-használatának feltérképezését tűztük ki két különböző élőhelyegyüttesben. Mindkét terület a Börzsöny-hegység déli oldalán helyezkedett el. A vizsgálat során alacsony faj- és egyedszámot tapasztaltunk. Egyértelműen domináns fajt kizárólag augusztusban lehetett megnevezni, ami a sárganyakú erdeiegér (Apodemus flavicollis) volt. Kimutatásra került a közönséges erdeiegér (Apodemus sylvaticus) és a mezei pocok (Microtus arvalis) jelenléte is. Az A. flavicollis augusztusi élőhely-használata a két élőhely-együttesben jelentősen különbözött.
A pásztorok tudásának és világnézetének szerepe a biodiverzitás és az ökoszisztéma-szolgáltatások fenntartásában
Authors: Kis József , Barta Sándor , Elekes Lajos , Engi László , Fegyver Tibor , Kecskeméti József , Lajkó Levente , Szabó János
Published: January 2020

A pásztoroló legeltetés és a természetvédelem egymásra utaltsága egyre nyilvánvalóbb. A pásztorok jól ismerik a körülöttük lévő élővilágot, az évszázados gyökerekkel bíró pásztortudományt őseiktől, szüleiktől, valamint saját tapasztalataik útján tanulták. Pásztorként hét pásztort kérdeztem a legelőhöz, legeltetéshez kapcsolódó tudásukról, elsősorban homoki, löszös és szikes területeken legeltető pásztorokat. Az eredmények jól mutatják, hogy a pásztorok gyakran otthonuknak tekintik a természetet, a legeltetés szakaszolásával, egyes területek kímélésével, megfelelő napszaki és évszaki beosztással olyan módon tudják irányítani, befolyásolni a legeltetés menetét, hogy közben hosszú távon megőrzik, esetenként fokozzák a legelőterületeik termőképességét. Hatékonyan tudják regenerálni az elavarosodott, elnádasodott területeket is. E legelőkezeléseknek nagy szerepe van a biodiverzitás megőrzésében is. Azon természetvédelmi szakembereknek és kutatóknak szól írásunk, akik szeretnék jobban megismerni, hogy a hagyományos ökológiai tudással rendelkező pásztoroknak mi lehet a szerepe a „működő” természet fenntartásában. Ahogy egy pásztor fogalmazta: az élővilágnak is van egy körforgása, amihez szükségeltetik a jószág.
Influence of relationship management on organizational performance among insurance companies in Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Grace , Gichuhi D.M. , Macharia S.M
Published: January 2020

This study sought to establish the influence of understanding, stakeholder requirements, good rapport with stakeholders, healthy competition with competitors, conflict resolution, and effective communication on organizational performance among insurance companies in Kenya. Positivism research philosophy was adopted for the study. Descriptive and explanatory cross-sectional research designs were used. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. The study concluded as follows: (i) Understanding stakeholder requirements, creating and maintain good rapport with stakeholders, healthy competition with competitors, conflict resolution and effective communication were deployed to a moderate extent in insurance companies in Kenya, (ii) There was a strong positive correlation between organisation performance, understanding stakeholder requirements, good rapport with stakeholders, conflict resolution, and effective communication, (iii) There was a weak positive correlation between organisation performance and healthy competition, (iv) Understanding stakeholder requirements, creating and maintain good rapport with stakeholders, healthy competition with competitors, conflict resolution and effective communication had significant influence on the performance of insurance companies in Kenya. (v) Relationship management has a significant influence on organizational performance.
Knowledge of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV among women of reproductive age group and associated factors at Mecha district, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: liyeh Tewachew Muche , Cherkose Endeshaw Admasu , Limenih Miteku Andualem , Yimer Tigist Seid , Tebeje Hailemariam Demewozu
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study was aimed to asses knowledge of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV among reproductive age women and associated factors at Mecha district, North West Ethiopia. A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 853 reproductive age women from July 1- 30/2016 in Mecha district. By multistage sampling technique data were collected through pre-tested questionnaire. The collected data was entered in Epi Data 3.1 and analyzed with SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model were used. Result: About 22.4% of the respondents were knowledgeable on prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. Having knowledge on PMTCT of HIV was significantly associated with urban residence (AOR =2.486, 95%CI= 1.160-5.328), education level of secondary and above (AOR =5.445, 95%CI=2.698-10.986), those having history of antenatal care followup (AOR =4.430, 95%CI=1.471-13.340), those with history of institutional delivery (AOR=4.766, 95%CI = 2.004-11.334), those having comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS (AOR=1.697, 95%CI = 1.011-2.846), women who were knowledgeable about mother to child transmission of HIV (AOR =2.203, 95% CI =1.37-3.54), and women who held discussions with their husband regarding HIV/AIDS, (AOR= 2.700, 95%CI =1.658-4.396). Key words: knowledge, PMTCT, HIV, Women, Ethiopia
Characterisation of the gut microbial community of rhesus macaques in high-altitude environments
Authors: Wu Yuhan , Yao Yongfang , Dong Mengmeng , Xia Tianrui , Li Diyan , Xie Meng , Wu Jiayun , Wen Anxiang , Wang Qin , Zhu Guangxiang , Ni Qingyong , Zhang Mingwang , Xu Huailiang
Published: January 2020

Background: The mammal intestinal microbiota is involved in various physiological processes and plays a key role in host environment adaption. However, for non-human primates (NHPs), little is known about their gut microbial community in high-altitude environments and even less about their adaption to such habitats. We characterised the gut microbial community of rhesus macaques from multiple high-altitude environments and compared it to those of low-altitude populations. Results: We collected faecal samples of rhesus macaques from four high-altitude populations (above 3,000 m) and three low-altitude populations (below 500 m). By calculating the alpha diversity index, we found that high-altitude populations exhibited a higher diversity. Statistical analysis of beta diversity indicated significant differences between high- and low-altitude populations. Significant differences were also detected at the phylum and family levels. At the phylum level, the high-altitude gut microbial community was dominated by Firmicutes (63.42%), while at low altitudes, it was dominated by Bacteroidetes (47.4%). At the family level, the high-altitude population was dominated by Ruminococcaceae (36.2%), while the low-altitude one was dominated by Prevotellaceae (39.6%). Some families, such as Christensenellaceae, were consistently higher abundant in all high-altitude populations. We analysed the overlap of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in high-altitude populations and determined their core OTUs (shared by all four high-altitude populations). However, when compared with the low-altitude core OTUs, only 65% were shared, suggesting a divergence in core OTUs. Function prediction indicated a significant difference in gene copy number of 35 level-2 pathways between high- and low-altitude populations; 29 of them were higher in high altitudes, especially in membrane transport and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions: The gut microbial community of high-altitude rhesus macaques was significantly distinct from that of low-altitude populations in terms of diversity, composition and function. High-altitude populations were dominated by Firmicutes and Ruminococcace, while in low-altitude populations, Bacteroidetes and Prevotellaceae were dominant. The difference in gut microbiota between these two populations may be caused by differences in host diet, environmental temperature and oxygen pressure. These gut microbial microorganisms may play a critical role in the adaptive evolution of rhesus macaques to high-altitude environments.
Surgical Workflow Simulation for the Design and Assessment of Operating Room Setups in Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Neumann Juliane , Angrick Christine , Höhn Celina , Zajonz Dirk , Ghanem Mohamed , Roth Andreas , Neumuth Thomas
Published: January 2020

Background The design and internal layout of modern operating rooms are influencing the team’s collaboration and communication, ergonomics, as well as intraoperative hygiene substantially. Nevertheless, there is no objective method for the assessment and design of the personnel and table positions for different surgical disciplines and intervention types available. The aim of this work is to establish an improved OR setup for common procedures in arthroplasty. Methods With the help of computer simulation techniques, a method for the objective design and assessment of enhanced OR setups was developed. In this work, new OR setups were designed, analyzed in a computer simulation environment and evaluated in the actual intraoperative setting. Results The implementation of improved OR setups reduces the instrument handover time between the surgeon and the scrub nurse, the travel paths of the OR team as well as shortens the procedure duration. Additionally, the ergonomics of the OR staff were improved. Conclusion The developed simulation method was intraoperatively evaluated and proved its benefit for the design and optimization of OR setups for different surgical intervention types. As a clinical result, enhanced setups for total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty surgeries were established in daily clinical routine and the OR efficiency was improved.
Yarning about oral health: perceptions of urban Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women
Authors: Butten Kaley , Johnson Newell W. , Hall Kerry K. , Toombs Maree , King Neil , O’Grady Kerry-Ann F.
Published: January 2020

Background: Many factors influence how a person experiences oral health and how such experiences may facilitate supportive oral health behaviours. Women in particular face different challenges due to their environment, responsibilities and physiological differences to men. Within Australia, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women are reported to have poorer oral health and are faced with additional barriers to supporting their oral health compared with non-Indigenous women. The objective of this paper is to report the experiences and perceptions of oral health from the perspective of urban, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. Methods: The present data derive from a descriptive study that used yarning circles and face-to-face interviews with women who were mothers/carers of urban, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children. This was a qualitative study to investigate the impact of child oral health on families. Participants used the opportunity to share their own personal experiences of oral health as women, thus providing data for the present analyses. Information collected was transcribed and analysed thematically Results: 20 women shared their personal narratives on the topic of oral health which were reflective of different time points in their life: growing up, as an adult and as a mother/carer. Although women are trying to support their oral health across their life-course, they face a number of barriers, including a lack of information and the costs of accessing dental care. The teenage years and pregnancy were reported as important time periods for oral health support. Conclusions: To improve the oral health of Indigenous Australian women, policymakers must consider the barriers reported by women and critically review current oral health information and services. Current oral health services are financially out of reach for Indigenous Australian women and there is not sufficient or appropriate, oral information across the life-course.
Carbonate dual-phase improves the performance of single-layer fuel cell made from mixed ionic and semiconductor composite
Authors: Jouttijärvi S. , Yao Xueli , Asghar M. I. , Etula Jarkko , Reinecke A.-M. , Lippmann W. , Lund Peter
Published: January 2020

A mixed ionic and semiconducting composite in a single-layer configuration has been shown to work as a fuel cell at a lower temperature (500-600 oC) than a traditional solid-oxide fuel cell. The performance of a single-layer fuel cell (SLFC) is often limited by high resistive losses. Here, an eutectic mixture of alkali-carbonates was added to SLFC to improve the ionic conductivity. The dual-phase composite ionic conductor consisted of a ternary carbonate (sodium lithium potassium carbonate, NLKC) mixed with gadolinium-doped cerium oxide (GDC). Lithium nickel zinc oxide (LNZ) was used as the semiconducting material. The LNZ-GDC-NLKC SLFC reached a high power density, 582 mW/cm2 (conductivity 0.22 S/cm) at 600 °C, which is more than 30 times better than without the carbonate. The best results were obtained with the ternary carbonate which decreased the ohmic losses of the cell by more than 95%, whereas the SLFC with a binary carbonate (sodium lithium carbonate, NLC) showed a lower conductivity and performance (243 mW/cm2, 0.17 S/cm at 600°C). It is concluded that adding carbonates to LNZ-GDC will improve the ionic conductivity and positively contribute to the cell performance. These results suggest a potential path for further development of SLFCs, but also imply the need for efforts on up-scaling and stability to produce practical applications with SLFC.
High-Throughput Sequencing of Virus-infected Cucurbita pepo Samples Revealed The Presence of Zucchini Shoestring Virus in Zimbabwe
Authors: Karavina Charles , Ibaba Jacques Davy , Gubba Augustine
Published: January 2020

Objectives: Plant-infecting viruses remain a serious challenge towards achieving food security worldwide. Cucurbit virus surveys were conducted in Zimbabwe during the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Leaf samples displaying virus-like symptoms were collected and stored until analysis. Three baby marrow samples were subjected to next-generation sequencing and the data generated were analysed using genomics technologies. Zucchini shoestring virus (ZSSV), a cucurbit-infecting potyvirus previously described in South Africa was one of the viruses identified. The genomes of the three ZSSV isolates are described analysed in this note. Results: The three ZSSV isolates had the same genome size of 10297 bp excluding the polyA tail with a 43% GC content. The large open reading frame was found at positions 69 to 10106 on the genome and encodes a 3345 amino acids long polyprotein which had the same cleavage site sequences as those described on the South African isolate except for the P1-pro site. Genome sequence comparisons of all the ZSSV isolates showed that the isolates F7-Art and S6-Prime had identical sequence across the entire genome while sharing 99.06% and 99.34% polyprotein nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities respectively with the isolate S7-Prime.