bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Poetics of Physics
Authors: Jeynes Chris , Parker Michael C. , Barker Margaret
Published: November 2022

Physics has been thought to truly represent reality since at least Galileo, and the foundations of physics are always established using philosophical ideas. In particular, the elegant naming of physical entities is usually very influential in the acceptance of physical theories. We here demonstrate (using current developments in thermodynamics as an example) that both the epistemology and the ontology of physics ultimately rest on poetic language. What we understand depends essentially on the language we use. We wish to establish our knowledge securely, but strictly speaking this is impossible using only analytic language. Knowledge of the meanings of things must use a natural language designed to express meaning, that is, poetic language. Although the world is really there, and although we can indeed know it truly, this knowledge is never either complete or certain but ultimately must rest on intuition. Reading a recently discovered artefact with a palaeo-Hebrew inscription as from the first century, we demonstrate from it that this ontological understanding long predates the Hellenic period. Poetic language is primary, both logically and temporally.
Расчет кинетических и диффузионных коэффициентов процесса адсорбции поверхностно-активных веществ в нефтеносных пористых породах
Authors: Алиев Гошгар Сейфулла , Aliyev Goshgar Seyfullah , Рустамли Х М , Rustamli Kh. M. , Гаджиахмедзаде Х. Ш. , Hajiahmedzade Kh. Sh.
Published: November 2022

Приведены результаты исследований кинетических и диффузионных коэффициентов для адсорбции поверхностно-активных веществ (ПАВ) на нефтеносных породах
в нелинейной области изотермы. Эти параметры позволяют выбрать эффективный
режим фильтрации раствора, установить скорость движения концентрационных точек фронта адсорбции, управлять продольно-временным распределением концентраций ПАВ на твердой и подвижной фазах пласта в зависимости от начальной концентрации и скорости потока раствора. Изложен численный метод определения параметров уравнений математической модели адсорбции ПАВ - мылонафта являющейся техническим продуктом, который состоит, в основном, из смеси натриевых
солей нафтеновых кислот, на нефтеносном песке с использованием экспериментальных данных. Здесь учитывается, что коэффициент кинетики и эффективный коэффициент диффузии в пористой среде зависят от концентрации целевого компонента.
С помощью экспериментальных данных и разработанной методики определены эмпирические уравнения для коэффициента кинетики и эффективного коэффициента
диффузии процесса. Отмечено, что эти коэффициенты меняются в очень больших
пределах. В результате исследований пришли к выводу о том, что разработанные
численные методы определения параметров уравнений математических моделей адсорбции ПАВ на нефтеносных и кварцевых песках дают адекватность расчетных
данных адсорбата и адсорбтива экспериментальным. Максимальное среднее отклонение не превышает 8%.
Прогнозирование развития пандемии методами машинного обучения в задачах поддержки принятия решений
Authors: Судаков Владимир Анатольевич , Sudakov Vladimir Anatolievich , Титов Юрий Павлович , Titov Yurii Pavlovich
Published: November 2022

Предлагается подход, позволяющий на основе достаточно простых моделей предложить методику прогнозирования решения органов управления о количестве необходимых медицинских центров для борьбы с пандемией. В основе него лежит
идея о том, что решение об открытии нового центра принимается не сразу при переполнении существующих центров, а с некоторым опозданием. Таким образом,
правительство пытается минимизировать риски ненужного открытия и принимает
такое решение, понимая, что перегруженность существующих центров не прекратится в ближайшее время. Это решение можно предсказать, обучив модель на исторических данных, полученных из открытых источников. Такая модель разработана нами. Она позволяет прогнозировать количество медицинских центров на основе прогноза количества госпитализированных пациентов за 14 дней. Предложены подходы к прогнозированию количества госпитализированных пациентов с
точностью, достаточной для того, чтобы модель предсказывала количество медицинских центров. Модели протестированы на данных из открытых источников, полученных для Рязанской области. Для модели прогноза количества открытых медицинских центров в Рязанской области определены штрафные функции и рассчитаны соответствующие коэффициенты.
Implementation of the Poor Community Empowerment Policy (A Study on the Family Hope Program in Palembang City)
Authors: Haryani Deffi
Published: November 2022

This research describes and analyzes the factors causing the ineffective implementation of the empowerment policy for the poor, through the process of implementing the “Family Hope Program”. This research was conducted in Palembang City. The research method used in this study was a qualitative method, because the researchers themselves were directly involved in the research process, including serving as the participant of observation. The research design used was "analytic descriptive design", the method of examining an object of events in the present. The results of research show that the implementation of the empowerment policy for the poor has not been effective. This is due to 3 (three) environmental factors: 1) Actors and arenas, the main aspect of which is the poor’s limited ability of managing the potential resources available in increasing the income of the poor; 2) organizational structures and bureaucratic norms, where the main aspect causing it is that structurally the Family Hope Program is not linked to community institutions in each District, 3) Communication networks and adjustment mechanisms, where the main aspect causing it is the ineffective communication and relationships between actors and elites in the District, Kelurahan, stakeholders and opinion leaders.
Determinant of Financial Management Behavior and Impact on Financial Satisfaction in Generation Z
Authors: Azizeh Nurul , Widyastuti Umi , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the behavior of financial management. This study was conducted in the Jakarta area with a sample of Generation Z with age range between 17-27 years as many of 325 respondents. Sampling technique using convenience sampling, while research analysis technique with SEM (Structural Equation Model) using AMOS software. The results showed that financial knowledge has a significant influence on financial attitude, financial attitude significantly has an influence on financial management behavior, financial attitude has no influence on financial satisfaction, financial knowledge significantly has an influence on financial management behavior, financial knowledge has no influence on financial satisfaction, and financial management behavior significantly has an influence on financial satisfaction.
Rescate de peces aguas abajo de la presa Porce III (Colombia) para reducir su mortalidad
Authors: Restrepo-Santamaria Daniel , Valencia-Rodríguez Daniel , Galeano Andrés , Herrera Juliana , Jiménez-Segura Luz
Published: November 2022

En la cuenca del río Magdalena, las actividades de rescate de peces son una medida de manejo ambiental utilizada para reducir su mortalidad en el área próxima a los embalses. Cuando se realiza la apertura y posterior cierre de compuertas del vertedero, producto de la operación de la central hidroeléctrica Porce III, aguas abajo de la presa se crean hábitats acuáticos temporales en forma de pozas marginales de lecho rocoso, en donde se presentan atrapamientos de peces. El objetivo del rescate es reubicarlos al canal principal del río para reducir su mortalidad. Entre los años 2013 y 2020 se capturaron 4927 individuos, representantes de 28 especies, 12 familias y cinco órdenes. Reubicamos a 4704 individuos nuevamente en el río Porce, siendo las especies de los géneros Chaetostoma, Andinoacara, Astyanax y Rhamdia los de mayor captura. También se capturaron especies potamodromas de la familia Pochilodontidae, cuya presencia próxima a la presa se debe posiblemente a migraciones que realizan para llevar a cabo su reproducción. Estas acciones de rescate y reubicación, producto de la operación de las centrales hidroeléctricas, deben ser replicadas en la cuenca como estrategia para mitigar los impactos ambientales ocasionados por la fragmentación del hábitat.
Riqueza genérica y distribución de los efemerópteros (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) de la Colección Limnológica del Chocó
Authors: Murillo Zuleyma Mosquera , Córdoba Aragón Karen Everni , Mosquera Mosquera Mairin Minerva
Published: November 2022

Se revisaron 1148 ejemplares del orden Ephemeroptera depositados en la Colección Limnológica del Chocó (CLCH), que abarcan 21 municipios (entre 5 y 3202 m s.n.m.), en 71 corrientes hídricas de diferente orden y 12 ecosistemas lénticos en las cuencas de los ríos Atrato, San Juan y Baudó. Se reportan siete familias y 25 géneros, de los cuales Ecuaphlebia, Ulmeritoides, Asthenopus, Mayobaetis y Choroterpes son registrados por primera vez para el Chocó. La familia Baetidae es la de mayor abundancia y la de más amplia distribución, mientras que Oligoneuriidae es la menos representativa. La mayor riqueza taxonómica la registran las familias Leptophlebiidae (9 géneros) y Baetidae (7 géneros). Thraulodes, Baetodes y Terpides son los géneros con mayor distribución altitudinal, y mayor riqueza específica se presenta en el sustrato piedra con 23 géneros. La cuenca del río Atrato presenta el mayor registro taxonómico. Los datos que se presentan es este estudio ponen en evidencia la gran diversidad del orden Ephemeroptera en el departamento del Chocó y la necesidad de adelantar nuevas investigaciones que amplíen el conocimiento de su riqueza y distribución en la región.
Implementación de una tienda virtual de artículos para mascotas y satisfacer la demanda en los hogares de Lima Metropolitana, Perú, 2021
Authors:   , Sallo Gamboa Jazmin Katherine , Nuñez Marroquin Olga Jessica Madeleine
Published: November 2022

La empresa Super Catdog en la cual brindamos productos de implementación a través de una tienda virtual de artículos para mascotas y así satisfacer sobre medida con un portafolio de accesorios para las mascotas. Súper Catdog abrirá sus puertas al público por diferentes medios para la compra y luego incursionará en diferentes distritos de Lima logrando una ampliación de su cobertura. Contará con un perfil de integrantes enfocados en el mercado por lo tanto les interesa profundizar en la manera como se pueden establecer relaciones duraderas cliente-producto. Se tendrá un impulso del producto y servicio de manera mensual durante un año para el aumento de las ventas, se realizarán promociones durante el primer trimestre para obtener el crecimiento de clientes proyectados.
Plan de negocios para la creación de la pollería San Widor, en Lima-Perú 2022
Authors:   , Chinchay Delgado Willian Orlando , Sanchez Cortez Doris
Published: November 2022

El presente plan de negocios desea mostrar la viabilidad técnica y financiera para la creación la pollería restaurant San Widor en el cono norte de Lima Metropolitana, nuestro país está considerado como un paraíso gastronómico y cultural, los platos peruanos han recibido numerosas premiaciones en diferentes concursos y ferias internacionales, haciendo de este un justo reconocimiento al Perú como un excelente destino culinario, el fresco ceviche, el exquisito pollo a la brasa entre otras sabrosos platos peruanos se han ido convirtiendo poco a poco en los platos bandera preferidos por la mayoría de peruanos. Pero si se tuviera que elegir un plato especial para disfrutar por delivery o al salir de casa, el preferido es el pollo a la brasa, tal como lo demuestra una encuesta realizada por INEI en el año 2016. La textura, sabor y rendimiento del pollo a la brasa son las bases de la predilección de sus comensales debido a que puede rendir para una familia numerosa si se le añade papas fritas y ensalada, a lo largo de estos 60 años que tiene presencia el pollo a la brasa en la gastronomía ha sabido ganarse un lugar en la mesa, y esto se ve reflejado en las altas cifras de facturación que tiene el sector, en el año 2021 se consumió un total de 150 millones de pollos a la brasa en el Perú, si a esto le añadimos el crecimiento exponencial que han tenido el número de pollerías individuales, y las cadenas de pollerías en estos últimos 10 años, se puede ver lo rentable que es este este mercado que cada vez se está desarrollando más en el Perú y Lima Metropolitana...
Parque cultural en el Bosque de Piedras, Parcona, Ica 2019 "Espacio abierto de uso público como estrategia de desarrollo del área urbana sustentable"
Authors:   , Huaranca Soto Erick Servando , Yaro Balbin Jelen
Published: November 2022

La accesibilidad al espacio abierto de uso público cualificado debe ser tomado en cuenta de manera intrínseca en la agenda pública, sobre todo en aquellos espacios situados en los márgenes de la ciudad donde se evidencia la necesidad de construcción de ciudadanía, identidad y sentido de pertenencia con el entorno. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la manera en que el espacio abierto de uso público (E.A.U.P.) contribuye al desarrollo sustentable del área urbana en el entorno del Bosque de Piedras, Parcona, Ica; el cual brindó bases para el desarrollo de una propuesta de intervención en el espacio abierto de uso público y la implementación de un Equipamiento Arquitectónico - Cultural, habiendo estudiado variables de un espacio público cualificado y su consecuencia en los pilares sustentables, donde se corroboró que la organización y participación social generan oportunidades de autogestión, la ejecución de un parque con equipamiento no se ve limitado por el factor económico debido al uso de un sistema constructivo con materiales locales que da lugar al empleo de bloques de tierra comprimida (BTC), el cual permite el crecimiento proyectual por etapas y la mejora de viviendas responsables con su entorno. La presente investigación comprendió un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, los métodos científicos utilizados en la presente tesis fueron el método inductivo y analítico. Los resultados determinaron que la funcionalidad, morfotipología y ecosistema del Bosque de piedras no contribuye al desarrollo del área urbana sustentable, concluyendo que es necesario su cualificación como estrategia de desarrollo integral repercutiendo en lo pilares de la sustentabilidad social, ambiental y económica en beneficio del lugar de estudio y en su adecuada implementación hacia la ciudad.
Clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral en la red asistencial Junín de EsSalud - 2021
Authors:   , Malpartida Gonzales Lizbeth Diana
Published: November 2022

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre el clima organizacional y la satisfacción laboral en la Red Asistencial Junín de ESSALUD, con un enfoque cuantitativo, y un diseño no experimental, tuvo una muestra de 50 trabajadores, se aplicó un cuestionario de 14 preguntas, permitiendo la recolección y el análisis de datos, se usó la escala de Likert, la fuente fue la revisión de los trabajos de investigación a nivel nacional e internacional, se respetaron los principios éticos comenzando por la propiedad intelectual de los autores. El instrumento fue validado por los jueces expertos de la Universidad Científica del Sur y se utilizó el estadístico alfa de Cronbach, para la variable clima organizacional se obtuvo un coeficiente de 0,584, y para la variable satisfacción laboral 0.832. Para la prueba de hipótesis de empleó la prueba no paramétrica de Spearman. Se llegó a la conclusión: que existe relación directa entre el clima organizacional y la satisfacción laboral en la Red Asistencial Junín.
Uso de las TIC, satisfacción y estilo de aprendizaje en estudiantes de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia durante la contingencia sanitaria COVID-19. Estudio de caso: Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima-Perú
Authors:   , Fiorani Cueva Raquel
Published: November 2022

La coyuntura sanitaria de la COVID-19 impactó en diferentes actividades otorgando un rol protagónico al uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). Diversos estudios señalaron los beneficios de la educación a distancia, pero advierten la necesidad de mejorar las técnicas utilizadas para evitar una disminución de la calidad educativa. El presente trabajo analizó la relación entre el uso de las TIC como herramientas de aprendizaje, con la satisfacción y el estilo de aprendizaje de los estudiantes de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. El trabajo aplicó una encuesta a 211 estudiantes quienes como parte de su formación académica recibían prácticas con animales vivos. El instrumento utilizado fue previamente validado mediante la evaluación de expertos y la confiabilidad mediante el coeficiente de consistencia interna de Cronbach. El análisis demostró que existe una relación positiva entre el uso de las TIC y la satisfacción de los estudiantes (0,612), así como con los estilos de aprendizaje (0,336). Esta investigación permitió concluir que, aunque los alumnos se adaptan fácilmente al uso de las TIC, es necesario implementar estrategias de enseñanza aprendizaje que les permitan desarrollar su estilo de aprendizaje y, por lo tanto, mejorar la calidad educativa.
Habitat-Patch Occupancy of Western Screech-Owls in Suburban Southern California
Authors: Gula Jonah
Published: November 2022

Many predators can adapt to human-altered habitats, but varying responses to human activity mean that the findings of studies of a species in one region may not apply even to related species at other locations. The Eastern Screech-Owl (Megascops asio) has been extensively studied in suburban environments, but comparatively little research has investigated to what extent the closely related Western Screech-Owl (M. kennicottii) persists in developed areas. I studied Western Screech-Owl occupancy in the town of Alpine in the foothills of San Diego County, California, finding the species at the majority of sites sampled, more likely in larger wooded patches and in those adjacent to undeveloped chaparral. The distance to and size of nearby wooded patches did not statistically influence occupancy. This study confirmed that the Western Screech-Owl can persist in suburban residential areas as does its eastern relative. Ensuring that patches of woodland remain larger than the minimum modeled threshold for the Western Screech-Owl’s occupancy, 4.2 ha, will be important for its persistence in the suburban sprawl of Alpine.
Molt Strategies by Age and Subspecies in the Willow Flycatcher
Authors: Pyle Peter , Carnes Blaine H.
Published: November 2022

We clarify the molt strategies of the Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) by subspecies through the examination of 455 museum specimens. Most and typically all juvenile primary coverts are retained during the preformative molt in fall and winter, allowing yearlings to be distinguished from older birds from their first spring through their second fall. In addition to replacing the body feathers and some to (usually) all secondary coverts and tertials, the preformative molt can include no other remiges or rectrices (46% of specimens), all remiges and rectrices (33%), or some remiges in an “eccentric” sequence (21%). During the prealternate molt, replacement of upper wing coverts and tertials is much less extensive than in the preformative molt, varying from replacement of no feathers in 27% of specimens to replacing more than half of the median and greater coverts and all three tertials in other specimens. Both the preformative and the first prealternate molts are significantly more extensive in eastern E. t. traillii than in the three western subspecies (brewsteri, adastus, and extimus). The definitive prealternate molt is also significantly more extensive than the first prealternate molt in the western subspecies but not in traillii. These differences between traillii and the other subspecies may result from longer migration distances, hence more solar exposure on an annual basis, and different molt-strategy dynamics between eastern and western North American passerines, perhaps relating to preferences for moister habitats. Further investigation is needed on the timing of molts on the winter grounds and the extent of body-feather replacement during the prealternate molt.
Nesting Ecology of the Barn Swallow on Agricultural Lands in Yukon
Authors: Leung Maria , Reid Donald
Published: November 2022

Since the 1980s, the abundance of the Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) in North America, including the far north, has declined. To better understand the species’ biology north of 60° N, near the northern limit of its range, and in a region of expanding agriculture, we studied its nesting ecology on farms in southern Yukon Territory, Canada, in 2019 and 2020. We followed 21 attempted nests in 2019, 20 in 2020, of which 52% and 60%, respectively, were inside buildings with permanently open entrances. Other nests were built on the outside of buildings. In both years we inferred successful double brooding by three pairs, which is rarely reported north of 60°N latitude. We found the swallows’ reproductive output to be similar to that at temperate latitudes: first clutches ranged from three to six eggs (mean 4.8 in 2019; 4.2 in 2020); second clutches may have averaged marginally smaller (n = 6). The mean number of fledglings per nest was 3.3 in 2019 and 3.0 in 2020. Twenty-one percent of nests failed, either by falling off a vertical substrate or because of predation by deer mice (Peromyscus spp.), Black-billed Magpies (Pica hudsonia), or domestic cats. We also compared the air temperatures at nests, usually near building roofs, to ambient temperatures, finding them on average 1.6°C warmer than temperatures outside buildings. We set out 33 platforms and 20 wooden cups designed for Barn Swallow nesting but over the two years of our study the birds did not use any of them.
Role of Baricitinib in moderate to severe COVID-19, a case control study from a South Indian tertiary care setting
Authors: Kulirankal Kiran G , Mary Ann , Mehta Asmita Anilkumar , Razak M. Abdul , Abhinandh B. , Nair Chithira V , Hakeem Sai Chandra , Edathadathil Fabia , Chandra Subhash , Pillai Gopala Krishna , Sabarish B , P Shyam Sundar , Sathyapalan Dipu T , Moni Merlin
Published: November 2022

Background
Baricitinib is a Janus kinase inhibitor with known anti-inflammatory effects and has been explored for beneficial outcomes in COVID-19 therapeutic management however with paucity of data on its effects on secondary infections and thrombosis. We aimed to assess the efficacy and all-cause mortality among moderate to severe COVID − 19 on a retrospective cohort of patients who received adjunct baricitinib as compared to a matched cohort who received standard of care for moderate to severe Covid 19.
Methods
The retrospective case control study conducted at 1300-bedded South Indian tertiary care centre from April to October 2021 recruited moderate to severe Covid patients receiving baricitinib therapy for at-least 72 hours into case group. Age and severity matched Covid patients who received standard of care without baricitinib were enrolled as control arm in 1:1 ratio. Data of the study groups on baseline characteristics, medications including antivirals, steroids, antibiotics and outcome measures were obtained. Study outcomes included all-cause mortality, daily clinical improvement assessed by ≥ 1-point improvement in WHO Ordinal Scale scores, multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, incidence of thrombotic events and secondary infections.
Results
Among the 527 moderate to severe COVID 19 patients in the study period, 75 patients each were recruited into case and control groups respectively. Mean age of case and control groups were 60.82 ± 13.03 and 61 ± 13.48 years respectively. 28-day mortality rate was 33.3%(n = 25) in the case group and 48%(n = 36) in the control group (p = 0.24, RR = 0.79, CI 95%). An absolute risk reduction of 16.75% was observed (NNT = 6) between the groups. All-cause mortality was 42.7%(n = 64) with 27(n = 36%) and 37(n = 49.3%) deaths in the case and control groups respectively(p = 0.09). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed survival distributions to be significantly different between case and control groups (Log rank: p = 0.048). Clinical improvement assessed by decrease in WOS ≥ 1 was demonstrated to be higher in cases (n = 35,47%) than controls (n = 28,37.7%)(p = 0.32).
Conclusion
Our retrospective case control study revealed lower mortality and higher proportion of patients attaining clinical improvement as measured by at least one-point improvement of WHO ordinal scale in patients admitted with moderate to severe Covid 19, which did not attain statistical significance.
Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the effects of light quality on maize hybrids
Authors: Zhan Weimin , Guo Guanghui , Cui Lianhua , Rashid Muhammad Abdul Rehman , Jiang Liangliang , Sun Guanghua , Yang Jianping , Zhang Yanpei
Published: November 2022

Background Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, refers to the phenotypic superiority of an F1hybrid relative to its parents in terms of growth rate, biomass production, grain yield, and stress tolerance. Light is an energy source and main environmental cue with marked impacts on heterosis in plants. Research into the production applications and mechanism of heterosis has been conducted for over a century and a half, but little is known about the effect of light on plant heterosis. Results In this study, an integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis was performed using maize (Zea maysL.) inbred parents, B73 and Mo17, and their hybrids, B73×Mo17 (BM) and Mo17×B73 (MB), grown in darkness or under far-red, red, or blue light. Most differentially expressed genes (73.72–92.50%) and differentially accumulated metabolites (84.74–94.32%) exhibited non-additive effects in BM and MB hybrids. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that differential genes and metabolites were involved in glutathione transfer, carbohydrate transport, terpenoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. The darkness, far-red, red, and blue light treatments were all associated with phenylpropanoid–flavonoid biosynthesis by Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. Five genes and seven metabolites related to phenylpropanoid–flavonoid biosynthesis pathway were identified as potential contributors to the interactions between maize heterosis and light conditions. Consistent with the strong mid-parent heterosis observed for metabolites, significant increases in both fresh and dry weights were found in the MB and BM hybrids compared with their inbred parents. Unexpectedly, increasing light intensity resulted in higher biomass heterosis in MB, but lower biomass heterosis in BM. Conclusions Together, the transcriptomic and metabolomic results provide unique insights into the effects of light quality on gene expression patterns and genotype–environment interactions, and have implications for gene mining of heterotic loci to improve maize production.
Prediction of stent under-expansion in calcified coronary arteries using machine learning on intervascular optical coherence tomography images
Authors: Gharaibeh Yazan , Lee Juhwan , Zimin Vladislav N. , Kolluru Chaitanya , Dallan Luis A. P. , Pereira Gabriel T. R. , Vergara-Martel Armando , Kim Justin N. , Hoori Ammar , Dong Pengfei , Gamage Peshala T. , Gu Linxia , Bezerra Hiram G. , Al-Kindi Sadeer , Wilson David L.
Published: November 2022

It can be difficult/impossible to fully expand a coronary artery stent in a heavily calcified coronary artery lesion. Under-expanded stents are linked to later complications. Here we used machine/deep learning to analyze calcifications in pre-stent intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) images and predicted the success of vessel expansion. Pre- and post-stent IVOCT image data were obtained from 110 coronary lesions. Lumen and calcifications in pre-stent images were segmented using deep learning, and lesion features were extracted. We analyzed stent expansion along the lesion, enabling frame, segmental, and whole-lesion analyses. We trained regression models to predict the post-stent lumen area and then computed the stent expansion index (SEI). Best performance (root-mean-square-error = 0.04 ± 0.02 mm2,r = 0.94 ± 0.04,p < 0.0001) was achieved when we used features from both lumen and calcification to train a Gaussian regression model for segmental analysis of 31 frames in length. Stents with minimum SEI > 80% were classified as “well-expanded;” others were “under-expanded.” Under-expansion classification results (e.g., AUC = 0.85 ± 0.02) were significantly improved over a previous, simple calculation, as well as other machine learning solutions. Promising results suggest that such methods can identify lesions at risk of under-expansion that would be candidates for intervention lesion preparation (e.g., atherectomy).
Matrix vesicle-inspired platelet membrane vesicles for biomineralization of dentin tubules
Authors: Shi Shijie , Zhen Li , Fan Menglin , Sun Lizhong , Tao Siying , Han Mingyue , Yu Zhaohan , Yang Jiaojiao , Li Jiyao
Published: November 2022

Objectives

This work aims to propose a kind of platelet membrane-derived vesicle (PMVs) to mimic matrix vesicles (MVs) and to verify their function in improving the stability of collagen and promoting biomineralization.

Methods

PMVs were prepared from natural platelet membrane fragments and then the morphology, particle size, protein retention of PMVs were characterized. Then the anti-enzymatic properties were reflected by testing the concentration of hydroxyproline after PMVs were in contact with collagen for 1 h. In addition, the demineralized dentins treated with PMVs were incubated in artificial saliva for 1 week or 3 weeks for remineralization. Finally, their mineralization effects were observed through SEM, EDS, XRD. The control group was treated with deionized water.

Results

PMVs can promote the cross-linking of collagen to inhibit the enzymatic hydrolysis of collagen and therefore could restrain the degradation of type I collagen from collagenase. Furthermore, the bioinspired nanovesicles can penetrate into the deep dentinal tubules due to their stable nanostructure, and provide nucleation sites and templates for nascent mineral crystals. The newly formed minerals can effectively seal the dentinal tubules.

Conclusions

PMVs can improve collagen stability by strengthening crosslinking and promote remineralization of dentin surfaces and deep inside dentin tubules, finally repairing damaged dentin effectively.

Significance

This strategy uses "artificial MVs" derived from platelet membranes for the biomineralization of dentin, bringing new prospects for hard tissue repair in clinical practice.
Numerical Simulation of Discontinuously Vegetated Open Channel Flow to Estimate Effects of Vegetation Condition on Flood Mitigation
Authors: Ahmed Nadim , Bangalee Zavid Iqbal
Published: November 2022

The velocity structure and turbulent characteristics of vegetated open channel flow were studied computationally using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT to find logical distribution of vegetation in the flow to minimize flood disaster. A three‐dimensional Reynolds stress turbulence model was first validated with the experimental data and then used for investigating properties of flow through vertically double‐layered and discontinuous vegetation patches that occupy both sides of an open channel with different patch patterns— linear and staggered. Results indicate that the flow velocities within the gap zones are reduced by the sheltering effect of vegetation patches, which is observed to be significantly higher for the flow through staggered patch pattern than that through linear pattern. Flow velocities in non-vegetated main channel increased by 29 % and 36 % compared to that in vegetation sides of the channel—canopy and gap—for linear and staggered pattern, respectively. The findings indicate that the higher flow resistance on the channel's vegetation sides in staggered pattern is balanced by the faster flow in the main channel, which could be utilized effectively during higher flows like floods over the floodplains. Moreover, velocity magnitude as well as fluctuations and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in vegetation sides are lower in flow through staggered pattern than that in linear pattern, which satisfies a better feature for aquatic life in staggered pattern. Thus, this arrangement of staggered vegetation patches can be used as an effective measure for flood mitigation as well as providing positive feedback for aquatic life and sediment deposition.
SPP1 as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sun Ercan , Peng Lu , Zeng Yan , Dong Shuangshuang , Chen Min , Zheng Jun
Published: November 2022

Background:Our aim was to evaluate the clinical significance of SPP1 in OSCC tissues and to detect the clinical diagnostic value of SPP1 in serum and saliva of OSCC.
Methods:The expression of SPP1 was predicted by TCGA database, and the correlation between SPP1 expression and prognosis of OSCC was evaluated. The levels of SPP1 in 90 OSCC tissues and 40 normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. ELISA was utilized to determine SPP1 levels in serum and saliva containing 70 OSCC patients and 20 healthy persons.Statistical analysis was used to determine correlations between SPP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, generate survival curves and analyze diagnostic efficiency.
Results：TCGA database showed the SPP1 in OSCC tissues was higher than in normal tissues, patients with high SPP1 expression in OSCC had a shorter survival time. The results of immunohistochemistry were consistent with TCGA database. SPP1 in OSCC tissues and saliva were related with tumor differentiation and tumor stage. The diagnostic value of SPP1 in saliva was higher than that in serum.
Conclusions: The expression of SPP1 was significantly increased in OSCC tissues, serum and saliva.. High expression of SPP1 may play an important role in diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC.
Extended Bowl Structures
Authors: Cecil Alan C. , Brazuelo Laura , Young John K.
Published: November 2022

In order to design complex nanostructures different building blocks must be developed. Corannulene has been shown to have a curved bowl structure and has been modified with other structures to produce a variety of nanostructures. A larger bowl structure has been designed and calculated by expanding corannulene to produce the extended bowl structure C60H10. The opening and depth of this bowl structure has been shown to change with different functional groups.
Efficacy and Safety Profile of PD-1 Inhibitors Versus Chemotherapy in the Second-line Treatment of Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Jin Zhao , Zhao Minghe
Published: November 2022

Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors have emerged as the new standard of care for second-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. There have been lots of research lately concerning the topic. A comprehensive assessment of the efficacy and safety profile between PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy is warranted.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched systematically until May 1st, 2022. We extracted data on efficacy and safety and calculated the pooled HRs and RRs with 95%CI using randomized-effect or fixed-effect models. A subgroup analysis was applied to explore the factors modifying the response to PD-1 inhibitors. All data were statistically analyzed by R 4.1.2.
Results: A total of 5 studies involving 1,970 patients were included in our meta-analysis. PD-1 inhibitors group could attain greater overall survival benefit (HR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.66-0.81, P < 0.001) and nearly favorable progression-free survival (HR = 0.89, 0.76-1.04, P = 0.13). TRAEs (RR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.64-0.91, P = 0.004) and level 3-5 TRAEs (RR = 0.40, 95%CI 0.32-0.49, P < 0.001) were significantly diminished in PD-1 inhibitors groups. Among all modifying factors, PD-L1 combined positive score was positively associated with the patient’s overall survival.
Conclusions: This analysis suggests that PD-1 inhibitors exhibited better survival outcomes and safety profiles than standard-of-care chemotherapy. High levels of PD-L1 combined positive scores was associated with an enhanced response to PD-1 immunotherapies with regard to overall survival.
Experimental and Numerical Responses of Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells to the Frequency of Electric Toothbrush
Authors: Heydarian Ashkan , Darvishi Parvin , Mortazavi Hamed , Beni Hamidreza Mortazavy
Published: November 2022

In the oral environment, fibroblast and gingival epithelial cells undergo distinct forces. Chewing, brushing, or force interactions with dental materials like implants can produce these forces. The behavior and response of these cells to forces are determined by their stiffness. Additionally, this behavior can be crucial in mechanosensory and tissue development. In this study, after being cultured using nanomagnet materials, fibroblast and epithelial cells were subjected to magnetic tweezers cytometry testing, and the viscoelastic model was used to determine their stiffness. The reaction of single gingival cells was modeled by determining the stiffness of cells at Gel Point frequencies and the operating frequency of electric toothbrushes and employing the Finite Element Method (FEM). Epithelial cell and fibroblast gel points took place at frequencies of 5Hz and 3Hz, respectively. At these frequencies, the behavior of cells is both quasi-solid and fluid. In addition, the findings of the finite element analysis demonstrated that the cells undergo a greater degree of deformation at the Gel point frequency compared to the operating frequency of toothbrushes. This quantity was approximately 331 times greater in epithelial cells, which reached a maximum of 7.114µm. Additionally, the maximal fibroblast cell deformation at 3Hz frequency was determined to be 2.981µm, which is roughly 117 times that at 150Hz frequency.
Association between hemoglobin and low muscle mass in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ge Sujun , Zhan Fengxia , Hu Wenchao
Published: November 2022

Objective
Low hemoglobin (Hb) levels are related to malnutrition and can lead to dysfunction and physical disability. T2DM is more likely to develop low muscle mass. This study is performed to evaluate the association between hemoglobin and low muscle mass in T2DM patients.
Method
This cross-sectional study recruited 1054 inpatients in Qilu Hospital (Qingdao). Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Hb was detected by automatic blood cell analyzer. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine the risk factors for low muscle mass.
Result
119 male subjects (20.3%) and 60 female subjects (12.6%) had low muscle mass in T2DM patients. Hb was correlated with a decreased risk of low muscle mass in both genders. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that SMI was associated with age, HbA1c, and Hb in male subjects. While in female subjects, SMI was associated with age, SBP, and Hb. In male participants, Hb was positively correlated with SMI after multivariate adjustment. Hb was positively correlated with SMI when Hb was ≤ 136. However, the correlation was not statistically significant when Hb was > 136. In addition, Hb was correlated with SMI after multivariate analysis in female subjects. When Hb was > 122, Hb was positively correlated with SMI. Hb was negatively correlated with SMI when Hb was ≤ 122, however, the association was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Hb is inversely correlated with the presence of low muscle mass in T2DM patients.
Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in Palestinian hemodialysis patients: A cross sectional study
Authors: Adwan Lina , Al-Sadi Tala , Shawakha Shorouq , Al-Shami Ni’meh A.
Published: November 2022

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known for its effects on the respiratory system. Two years after the pandemic morbid and mortal consequences, growing evidence is showing that the disease also has adverse outcomes and complications on additional organs including the kidneys. This study aims at investigating the effects of COVID-19 on hemodialysis patients receiving services at Palestine Medical Complex (PMC) kidney dialysis department.
Methods
In April 2022, data was collected using the electronic medical records system for the dialysis department at PMC. The study included all PMC hemodialysis patients that were infected with COVID-19 between January 2020-April 2022. The collected data included patient demographics, clinical features, laboratory tests, dialysis frequency and the disease outcome.
Results
The results showed that the patients outcomes and dialysis frequency were impacted by their blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr) and calcium levels. About one third of the study population died after being infected with COVID 19. The frequency of dialysis was also affected by the presence of comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and myocardial infarction (MI).
Conclusions
This study found that there was a high mortality rate within the dialysis patients infected with COVID-19. Having comorbidities affected the frequency of dialysis following COVID-19 infection. Dialysis patients should be protected from infections such as COVID-19 and their comorbidities should be monitored and kept under control as much as possible.
Fuzzy clustering algorithm to identify Sybil attacks in Vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Ardakani Mehdi MalekNasab , Tabarzad Mohammad Ali , Shayegan Mohammad Amin
Published: November 2022

Due to the increasing use of VANET networks and the use of smart systems in this type of networks, their challenges have been the focus of researchers. One of the important challenges of such networks is the security issues that threaten this category of networks. In this article, the Sybil attack, which is one of the security challenges in VANET networks, has been investigated and identified. In a Sybil attack, a node threatens VANET networks by stealing the identity of other nodes or creating a virtual identity, with making incorrect decisions and sending false information. In this paper, RSU determines the cluster head with the help of fuzzy logic. The cluster head creates moving clusters by placing similar nodes in terms of direction, speed and distance in separate clusters while moving. The cluster head performs malicious node detection using a directional antenna and a fuzzy system. The first fuzzy system places the cluster head in the best possible place of the cluster. The cluster head identify the malicious nodes in each cluster locally, while the second fuzzy system interferes in determining the validity of the cluster members. In the proposed plan, in addition to optimizing the sending and receiving of messages, the simulation results show that identifying the malicious node has a better performance than the previous methods both in terms of speed and accuracy.
Green Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and its Applications in Wastewater Treatment.
Authors: Bassim Shahnaz , Mageed Alyaa K. , AbdulRazak Adnan A.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, extract of Citrus aurantium (CA) was used as a green approach for the preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The green Fe3O4 (Fe3O4/CA) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurement, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and zeta potential (ZP) measurements. The synthesized Fe3O4/CA was used to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from an aqueous solution. A four-factor central composite design (CCD) combined with response surface modeling (RSM) was used to maximize the MB dye removal. The four independent variables, which were initial dye concentration (10-50 mg/L), solution pH (3-9), adsorbent dose (ranging from 200-1000 mg/L), and contact time (30-90 min), served as inputs to the model of the % dye removal. The findings yielded by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed the high significance of the regression model. The predicted values of the MB dye removal were in good agreement with the corresponding experimental values. Optimized conditions for the maximum MB dye removal (93.14%) by Fe3O4/CA were the initial dye concentration (10.02 mg/L), pH (8.98), adsorbent mass (997.99 mg/L), and contact time (43.71 min). The validity of the quadratic model was examined, and good agreement was found between the experimental and predicted values. Our findings demonstrated that green Fe3O4 NPs can be used as an adsorbent for MB dye removal.
Netrin-1 alleviates high-glucose-induced renal proximal tubule injury by activating AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy
Authors: Lu Honghong
Published: November 2022

The kidneys have a high level of netrin-1 expression, which protects against some acute & chronic kidney disorders. However, it is yet unknown how Netrin-1 affects renal proximal tubule cells in diabetic nephropathy (DN) under pathological circumstances. Research has shown that autophagy protects the kidneys in animal models of renal disease. In this study, we looked at the probable autophagy regulation mechanism of Netrin-1 and its function in the pathogenesis of DN. We proved that high blood sugar levels caused Netrin-1 to be down-regulated, which then triggered the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, enhanced HK-2 cell death, and actin cytoskeleton disruption. By deleting Netrin-1 or adding an autophagy activator in vitro, these pathogenic alterations were reverted. Our results indicate that Netrin-1 stimulates autophagy by blocking the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, which underlies high glucose-induced malfunction of the renal proximal tubules. This study reveals that targeting Netrin-1 related signalling has therapeutic potential for DN and advances our knowledge of the processes operating in renal proximal tubules in DN.
Climate change and Rice yield in Cameroon
Authors: Issidor Godom Moise & Noumba
Published: November 2022

Rice is one of the most consumed cereals in Cameroon, the production of which remains affected by several factors, including excessive temperatures and the irregular increase in rainfall. This study used the VAR model to explore the reciprocal influence of climate change with rice yield via the evolution of rainfall and temperature as well as the intensity of CO2 emissions per rice product in the northern zone of the Cameroon. The data used comes from FAOSTAT and the “World Bank Group Climate Change Knowledge Portal over the period between 1975 and 2021. The following results were obtained. i) The constant increase in rainfall during the rainy season reduces the yield of rice and that of temperature improves the yield of rice. ii) the CO2 emission intensity per unit of rice production has a negative effect on its yield. iii) This CO2 emission reduces the rainfall pattern and stimulates the rise in temperatures and therefore reinforces climate change. We therefore recommend that rice farmers be attentive to the reciprocal effects of climate change and rice cultivation and to use new techniques allowing the reduction of CO2 emission intensity by using more organic fertilizers than chemical ones.