bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of CTA Spot Sign on Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients
Authors: Peng Wen-Jie , Reis Cesar , Reis Haley , Zhang John , Yang Jun
Published: August 2017

Hematoma expansion (HE) occurs in approximately one-third of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and leads to high rates of mortality and morbidity. Currently, contrast extravasation within hematoma, termed the spot sign on computed tomography angiography (CTA), has been identified as a strong independent predictor of early hematoma expansion. Past studies indicate that the spot sign is a dynamic entity and is indicative of active hemorrhage. Furthermore, to enhance the spot sign’s accuracy of predicting HE, spot parameters observed on CTA or dynamic CTA were used for its quantification. In addition, spot signs detected on multiphase CTA and dynamic CTA are shown to have higher sensitivity and specificity when compared with simple standardized spot sign detection in recent studies. Based on the spot sign, novel methods such as leakage sign and rate of contrast extravasation were explored to redefine HE prediction in combination with clinical characteristics and spot sign on CTA to assist clinical judgment. The spot sign is an accepted independent predictor of active hemorrhage and is used in both secondary intracerebral hemorrhage and the process of surgical assessment for hemorrhagic risk in patients with ischemic stroke. Spot sign predicts patients at high risk for hematoma expansion.
Analytical Solution of the Fractional Fredholm Integrodifferential Equation Using the Fractional Residual Power Series Method
Authors: Syam Muhammed I.
Published: August 2017

We study the solution of fractional Fredholm integrodifferential equation. A modified version of the fractional power series method (RPS) is presented to extract an approximate solution of the model. The RPS method is a combination of the generalized fractional Taylor series and the residual functions. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, numerical results are presented.
Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Tinea Pedis and Tinea Unguium in Tunisia
Authors: Toukabri Nourchène , Dhieb Cyrine , El Euch Dalenda , Rouissi Mustapha , Mokni Mourad , Sadfi-Zouaoui Najla
Published: August 2017

Background. Foot mycoses are a frequent disease that represents a public health problem worldwide.Objectives. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of foot mycoses among Tunisian patients, in order to determine the fungal etiological agents and to identify possible risk factors.Patients and Methods. A prospective study of three hundred and ninety-two patients was undertaken during one year (2013-2014). All subjects were asked to collect demographic data related to the risk factors of foot mycoses. A complete mycological diagnosis was carried out on all patients.Results. A total of 485 samples were collected; tinea pedis and tinea unguium were confirmed in 88.2% of cases. Dermatophytes were isolated in 70.5% and the most frequent pathogen wasTrichophyton rubrum(98.1%), followed by yeasts (17.7%) commonlyCandida parapsilosis. Non-dermatophyte molds (NDMs) were observed in 8.02% cases andFusariumsp. was the frequent genus (29.1%). The main predisposing factors of fungal foot infections were practicing ritual washing (56.6%) and frequentation of communal showers (50.5%).Conclusion. This is a recent survey of foot mycoses in Tunisia. Epidemiological studies can be useful to eradicate these infections and to provide further measures of hygiene and education.
Notch Shapes the Innate Immunophenotype in Breast Cancer
Authors: Shen Qiang , Cohen Brenda , Zheng Weiyue , Rahbar Ramtin , Martin Bernard , Murakami Kiichi , Lamorte Sara , Thompson Patrycja , Berman Hal , Zúñiga-Pflücker Juan Carlos , Ohashi Pamela S. , Reedijk Michael
Published: August 2017

Notch activation, which is associated with basal-like breast cancer (BLBC), normally directs tissue patterning, suggesting that it may shape the tumor microenvironment. Here, we show that Notch in tumor cells regulates the expression of two powerful proinflammatory cytokines, IL1β and CCL2, and the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Notch also regulates TGFβ-mediated activation of tumor cells by TAMs, closing a Notch-dependent paracrine signaling loop between these two cell types. We use a mouse model in which Notch can be regulated in spontaneous mammary carcinoma to confirm that IL1β and CCL2 production, and macrophage recruitment are Notch-dependent. In human disease, expression array analyses demonstrate a striking association between Notch activation, IL1β and CCL2 production, macrophage infiltration, and BLBC. These findings place Notch at the nexus of a vicious cycle of macrophage infiltration and amplified cytokine secretion and provide immunotherapeutic opportunities in BLBC.

Significance: BLBC is aggressive and has an unmet need for effective targeted treatment. Our data highlight immunotherapeutic opportunities in Notch-activated BLBC. Effective IL1β and CCL2 antagonists are currently in clinical review to treat benign inflammatory disease, and their transition to the cancer clinic could have a rapid impact. Cancer Discov; 7(11); 1320–35. ©2017 AACR.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1201
Lamin A/C
-Related Cardiac Disease
Authors: Hoorntje Edgar T. , Bollen Ilse A. , Barge-Schaapveld Daniela Q. , van Tienen Florence H. , te Meerman Gerard J. , Jansweijer Joeri A. , van Essen Anthonie J. , Volders Paul G. , Constantinescu Alina A. , van den Akker Peter C. , van Spaendonck-Zwarts Karin Y. , Oldenburg Rogier A. , Marcelis Carlo L. , van der Smagt Jasper J. , Hennekam Eric A. , Vink Aryan , Bootsma Marianne , Aten Emmelien , Wilde Arthur A. , van den Wijngaard Arthur , Broers Jos L. , Jongbloed Jan D. , van der Velden Jolanda , van den Berg Maarten P. , van Tintelen J. Peter
Published: August 2017

Background—

Interpretation of missense variants can be especially difficult when the variant is also found in control populations. This is what we encountered for the
LMNA
c.992G>A (p.(Arg331Gln)) variant. Therefore, to evaluate the effect of this variant, we combined an evaluation of clinical data with functional experiments and morphological studies.

Methods and Results—

Clinical data of 23 probands and 35 family members carrying this variant were retrospectively collected. A time-to-event analysis was performed to compare the course of the disease with carriers of other
LMNA
mutations. Myocardial biopsies were studied with electron microscopy and by measuring force development of the sarcomeres. Morphology of the nuclear envelope was assessed with immunofluorescence on cultured fibroblasts. The phenotype in probands and family members was characterized by atrioventricular conduction disturbances (61% and 44%, respectively), supraventricular arrhythmias (69% and 52%, respectively), and dilated cardiomyopathy (74% and 14%, respectively). LMNA p.(Arg331Gln) carriers had a significantly better outcome regarding the composite end point (malignant ventricular arrhythmias, end-stage heart failure, or death) compared with carriers of other pathogenic
LMNA
mutations. A shared haplotype of 1 Mb around
LMNA
suggested a common founder. The combined logarithm of the odds score was 3.46. Force development in membrane-permeabilized cardiomyocytes was reduced because of decreased myofibril density. Structural nuclear
LMNA
-associated envelope abnormalities, that is, blebs, were confirmed by electron microscopy and immunofluorescence microscopy.

Conclusions—

Clinical, morphological, functional, haplotype, and segregation data all indicate that LMNA p.(Arg331Gln) is a pathogenic founder mutation with a phenotype reminiscent of other
LMNA
mutations but with a more benign course.
Prognostic Significance of Nonobstructive Left Main Coronary Artery Disease in Women Versus Men
Authors: Xie Joe X. , Eshtehardi Parham , Varghese Tina , Goyal Abhinav , Mehta Puja K. , Kang William , Leipsic Jonathon , ó Hartaigh Bríain , Bairey Merz C. Noel , Berman Daniel S. , Gransar Heidi , Budoff Matthew J. , Achenbach Stephan , Callister Tracy Q. , Marques Hugo , Rubinshtein Ronen , Al-Mallah Mouaz H. , Andreini Daniele , Pontone Gianluca , Cademartiri Filippo , Maffei Erica , Chinnaiyan Kavitha , Raff Gilbert , Hadamitzky Martin , Hausleiter Joerg , Feuchtner Gudrun , Kaufmann Philipp A. , Villines Todd C. , Chow Benjamin J.W. , Min James K. , Shaw Leslee J.
Published: August 2017

Background—

Patients with obstructive (≥50% stenosis) left main (LM) coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk for adverse events; prior studies have also documented worse outcomes among women than men with severe multivessel/LM CAD. However, the prognostic significance of nonobstructive (1%–49% stenosis) LM CAD, including sex-specific differences, has not been previously examined.

Methods and Results—

In the long-term CONFIRM (Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation For Clinical Outcomes: An International Multicenter) registry, patients underwent elective coronary computed tomographic angiography for suspected CAD and were followed for 5 years. After excluding those with obstructive LM CAD, 5166 patients were categorized as having normal LM or nonobstructive LM (18% of cohort). Cumulative 5-year incidence of death, myocardial infarction, or revascularization was higher among patients with nonobstructive LM than normal LM in both women and men: women (34.3% versus 15.4%;
P
<0.0001); men (24.6% versus 18.2%;
P
<0.0001). A significant interaction existed between sex and LM status for the composite outcome (
P
=0.001). In multivariable Cox regression, the presence of nonobstructive LM plaque increased the risk for the composite outcome in women (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.48;
P
=0.005) but not in men (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.98,
P
=0.806). In subgroup analysis, women with nonobstructive LM CAD had a nearly 80% higher risk for events than men with nonobstructive LM CAD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.78;
P
=0.017); sex-specific interactions were not observed across other patterns (eg, location or extent) of nonobstructive plaque.

Conclusion—

Nonobstructive LM CAD was frequently detected on coronary computed tomographic angiography and strongly associated with adverse events among women. Recognizing the sex-specific prognostic significance of nonobstructive LM plaque may augment risk stratification efforts.
The People, Not the Peoples: The Talmud Bavli’s “Charitable” Contribution to the Jewish-Christian Conversation in Mesopotamia
Authors: Gray Alyssa M.
Published: August 2017

Bavli Baba Batra 10b–11a substantiates the existence of a “Jewish-Christian conversation” that took place in fourth-century Mesopotamia. This essay demonstrates that this sugya presents rabbinic responses to several Christian claims: (1) contra Aphrahat, God and Israel have a continuing and uniquely close relationship; (2) contra Aphrahat, Gentile charity is motivated by the desire for self-aggrandizement, the continuation of Gentile rule, and arrogance, and is thus sinful; (3) contra Aphrahat, Gentile charity is sinful because they only engage in it to revile Israel; moreover, Gentile charity does not atone for their sins; and (4) contra Aphrahat (who quotes Ezek. 15:4 and Isa. 58:11), it is not the Jews who will be dried out and burned up with fire; once Gentile charity ceases, it is the Gentile empires who will burn.
Mission and Colonialism
Authors: Müller Retief
Published: August 2017

This article focuses on two British colonial territories in southern and central Africa, Mashonaland and Nyasaland in the late 19th to early 20th centuries. It concerns the history of Afrikaner missionaries from South Africa’s Dutch Reformed Church (DRC), and their relationships with opposing interest groups. The period in question saw some inter-ethnic conflict among indigenous peoples, which included an underground slave trade, as well as much colonial-indigenous strife. The article particularly considers the balancing act missionaries sought to achieve in terms of their paternalistic, yet interdependent relationships with indigenous rulers over against their equally ambiguous relationships with the colonial authorities. As such this article presents a novel way of looking at Afrikaner missionaries and their entanglements with indigenous leaders.
Jemisimiham Jehu Appiah
Authors: Botchway De-Valera N.Y.M.
Published: August 2017

In the Gold Coast, now Ghana, J.W.E. Appiah, a teacher-catechist, left the missionary-founded Methodist Church for opposing his Afrocentric healing and preaching activities and founded the Musama Disco Christo Church in the 1920s. He then took on the prophetic name Jemisimiham Jehu Appiah. He wrote his philosophies to validate an Afrocentric church in the indigenous Fante language. His Church, an African anti-colonialist/anti-colonial establishment, is alive; yet his untranslated writings have remained in obscurity. This study provides a biographical view of Appiah. It translates his writings and interrogates their inner logic as liberation theology that rationalised the salvaging of certain indigenous mores through Afrocentric Christianity to promote a Black Nationalist cultural awareness.
A new species of genus Nirvana (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) with note on female genitalia from India
Authors: MESHRAM NARESH M. , RAI STUTI
Published: August 2017

The leafhopper genus Nirvana Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) is reviewed, and to the 6 species known so far, one new species Nirvana subsuturalis is added and described from Indian subcontinent. Habitus photographic illustrations, with note on female genitalia, key for all species from the Indian subcontinent is provided.
Investigation of Transitions in Bullying/Victimization Statuses of Gifted and General Education Students
Authors: Ryoo Ji Hoon , Wang Cixin , Swearer Susan M. , Park Sunhee
Published: August 2017

To examine the experiences of victimization and bullying among gifted students and their general education peers, we applied a latent transition analysis with longitudinal data from 299 gifted and 689 general education students (fifth to ninth graders). We identified 4 latent statuses for victimization (4.8%–5.2%, frequent victims; 7.4%–12.2%, frequent relational victims; 28.7%–35.8%, occasional victims; 46.8%–59.2%, infrequent victims) and 3 latent statuses for perpetration (3.9%–5.6%, frequent perpetrators; 22.2%–29.7%, occasional relational perpetrators; 66.4%–72.2%, infrequent perpetrators). There was no difference in victimization experiences between the gifted and general education students, but there were group differences in the prevalence rates and their changes in transition patterns in perpetration. Further, the effect of grade level was found to affect the transition patterns of perpetration; for gifted students (not their general education peers), the probabilities of being a frequent victim correlated with the probabilities of being a frequent perpetrator later.
Developmental Benefits of Extracurricular Sports Participation Among Brazilian Youth
Authors: Reverdito Riller S. , Galatti Larissa R. , Carvalho Humberto M. , Scaglia Alcides J. , Côté Jean , Gonçalves Carlos E. , Paes Roberto R.
Published: August 2017

Youth sporting activities have been explored as a way to impact positive personal transformation and development, glaringly demonstrated by world-wide investments in public policies, programs, and projects. We studied positive effects of participation in sports on the developmental assets of 614 adolescents (13.1 ± 1.7 years) actively engaged in extracurricular sport programs targeted at socially disadvantaged youths, from five municipalities across five states of the southern, south-eastern and north-eastern regions of Brazil. Participants responded to a developmental assets questionnaire designed to capture sociodemographic and human development data. Multilevel logistic regression was used to explore associations between years of participation in sport and human development indicators, controlling for age and sex. Our results showed that the quality of the young people’s support network and duration of program participation positively influenced sport participation, which, in turn, was associated with willingness to learn. A strong association was also observed between sport participation and developmental assets. Thus, we offer new evidence of a relationship between positive development and environmental factors in which individual and contextual forces can be aligned, and we provide new reference data for developing countries.
Neurological involvement associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria from Pakistan
Authors: Khan Yousaf Abdullah , Mian Usman Hameed , Ghanchi Najia Karim , Zubairi Ali Bin Sarwar , Beg Mohammad Asim
Published: August 2017

Plasmodium vivax is the most common specie causing malaria outside Africa with approximately 13.8 million reported cases worldwide. We report case of P. vivax infection with cerebral involvement. A nine year old boy presented with high grade fever accompanied by projectile vomiting and abnormal behavior later he developed seizures, shock, and unconsciousness. P. vivax monoinfection was diagnosed based on peripheral smears and PCR. After antimalarial therapy, patient made full recovery. Current case highlights increasing trend of cerebral complications caused by P. vivax.
Dose- and Time-dependency of the Toxicity and Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Bedaquiline and Its N-desmethyl Metabolite in Dogs
Authors: Smyej Ilham , De Jonghe Sandra , Looszova Adriana , Mannens Geert , Verhaeghe Tom , Thijssen Sandy , Starckx Sofie , Lampo Ann , Rouan Marie-Claude
Published: August 2017

Bedaquiline (BDQ) is an antibiotic to treat pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Studies up to 39 weeks were conducted orally in dogs to assess the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of BDQ and its N-desmethyl metabolite (D-BDQ). Phospholipidosis (PLD) seen in the monocytic phagocytic system was considered an adaptive change. Skeletal muscle, heart, stomach, liver, and pancreas toxicities with D-BDQ as the main contributor were associated with a less-than-dose-proportional increase in plasma exposure and an overproportional tissue uptake of BDQ and D-BDQ at high-dose levels. Tissue concentrations of BDQ and D-BDQ slowly decreased after lowering the dose, contributing to the recovery of the pathological findings. Treatment was better tolerated at mid-dose levels, characterized by a dose-proportional increase in plasma and tissue exposures. Treatment at a low dose, reaching exposures approximating therapeutic exposures, was without adverse effects and not associated with PLD. There was no evidence of delayed toxicities after treatment cessation. Intermittent dosing was better tolerated at high doses. Since MDR-TB patients are dosed within the linear plasma exposure range and plasma levels of BDQ and D-BDQ are similar or lower than in dogs, PLD and adverse findings related to tissue accumulation that occurred at high doses in dogs are unlikely to occur in humans.
Kinetic evaluation and test–retest reproducibility of [11C]UCB-J, a novel radioligand for positron emission tomography imaging of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A in humans
Authors: Finnema Sjoerd J , Nabulsi Nabeel B , Mercier Joël , Lin Shu-fei , Chen Ming-Kai , Matuskey David , Gallezot Jean-Dominique , Henry Shannan , Hannestad Jonas , Huang Yiyun , Carson Richard E
Published: August 2017

Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) is ubiquitously present in presynaptic terminals. Here we report kinetic modeling and test–retest reproducibility assessment of the SV2A positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand [11C]UCB-J in humans. Five volunteers were examined twice on the HRRT after bolus injection of [11C]UCB-J. Arterial blood samples were collected for measurements of radiometabolites and free fraction. Regional time–activity curves were analyzed with 1-tissue (1T) and 2-tissue (2T) compartment models to estimate volumes of distribution ( VT). Parametric maps were generated using the 1T model. [11C]UCB-J metabolized fairly quickly, with parent fraction of 36 ± 13% at 15 min after injection. Plasma free fraction was 32 ± 1%. Regional time–activity curves displayed rapid kinetics and were well described by the 1T model, except for the cerebellum and hippocampus. VT values estimated with the 2T model were similar to 1T values. Parametric maps were of high quality and VT values correlated well with time activity curve (TAC)-based estimates. Shortening of acquisition time from 120 min to 60 min had a negligible effect on VT values. The mean absolute test–retest reproducibility for VT was 3–9% across regions. In conclusion, [11C]UCB-J exhibited excellent PET tracer characteristics and has potential as a general purpose tool for measuring synaptic density in neurodegenerative disorders.
Canadian Schizophrenia Guidelines: Introduction and Guideline Development Process
Authors: Pringsheim Tamara , Addington Donald
Published: August 2017

Introduction:

The aim of the Canadian Schizophrenia Guidelines is to provide evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The target users are health care professionals. Recommendations are provided as guidance to physicians and patients, with the goal of improving the overall standard of care of individuals with schizophrenia.

Methods:

The guidelines were developed using the ADAPTE process, a systematic approach and alternative to de novo guideline development, in which an existing guideline is customised to suit the local context. We assembled a multidisciplinary team of experts, patients, and family carers from across Canada with the goal of involving individuals with diverse areas of expertise and offering different perspectives.

Results:

We identified 6 guidelines that were suitable for adaptation. Recommendations from each guideline were extracted and, based on content, were reviewed by the relevant working group. Each working group examined the evidence from which the recommendation was derived and the acceptability and applicability of the recommendation to the Canadian context. Working groups also made decisions on modifications to recommendations when language or terms differed between the source guideline and the Canadian context. Each working group presented selected recommendations to the guideline panel at an in-person consensus meeting. Once the consensus process was completed, each working group created a manuscript with the recommendations adapted from the included guidelines, with the rationale for each recommendation.

Conclusions:

The process yielded an up-to-date list of evidence-based recommendations that are relevant and applicable in Canada.
Providing a model for estimating the compressive strength of square and rectangular columns confined with a variety of fibre-reinforced polymer sheets
Authors: Moodi Yaser , Farahi Shahri Saeed , Mousavi Seyed Roohollah
Published: August 2017

One of the most common ways of strengthening the columns is the confinement of the reinforced concrete columns. So far, several experiments have been conducted on concrete columns confined with fibre-reinforced polymer sheets and the results show that the use of fibre-reinforced polymer sheets increases the compressive strength of the concrete columns effectively. Different models in order to determine the compressive strength of the fibre-reinforced-polymer-confined concrete columns are provided in the previous researches. In this study, a wide range of experimental data for square and rectangular columns confined with a variety of fibre-reinforced polymer sheets has been collected. In order to increase the accuracy in the existing models, a modified model for predicting the compressive strength of square and rectangular columns confined with different fibre-reinforced sheets has been proposed by using the collected data. In the current study, the fibre-reinforced polymer strain efficiency factor and the section shape factor are composed and considered as a unique factor. Considering the fibre-reinforced polymer hoop strain concentration at the affected area including the corners area and the surrounding area of them, this factor has been adopted as a fibre-reinforced polymer averaged hoop strain factor for the whole circumference of the section. Based on the published experimental data, a comparison between the analytical results obtained with the present model and the results of the other models, shows considerably better results of the proposed model described in this study. Moreover, application of the proposed model for behaviour prediction of concrete-filled fibre-reinforced polymer tubes is evaluated in this study and the results show that the proposed model is more accurate than the other models.
Analyzing and Measuring Vulnerability: An Approach with Special Reference to Mountain Areas
Authors: Nathan Dev
Published: August 2017

The article discusses different approaches to the analysis of vulnerability and argues for the adoption of a capability approach to vulnerability. Vulnerability is related to exposure to hazards and the susceptibility or impact of those events. On the other side are capabilities to cope with and adapt to hazards. In order to retain comparability with the measurement of vulnerability in other geo-ecological zones, the article does not devise a separate index for mountain communities; rather it argues for making sure that mountain-area features of the economy and environment are captured in the variables and indicators. Variables that are to be used in developing an index are divided into three main components of exposure, susceptibility and capabilities, with the latter being subdivided into coping and adaptation.
Threat, Pressure, and Communication About Concussion Safety: Implications for Parent Concussion Education
Authors: Kroshus Emily , Babkes Stellino Megan , Chrisman Sara P. D. , Rivara Frederick P.
Published: August 2017

Background. Parental communication about the importance of reporting concussion symptoms can influence a child’s attitudes about such reporting, and is likely related to perceived threat of concussion. However, parental investment in child sport achievement might impede this communication. Purpose. To examine the relationship between perceived threat of concussion and parent–child communication regarding concussion symptom reporting, and the potential interaction with parental pressure regarding child sport achievement. Method. A total of 236 parents of youth soccer players completed an anonymous online survey. Results. There were greater odds of encouraging concussion reporting among parents who perceived that their child had a greater likelihood of sustaining a concussion ( OR = 1.03, 95% CI [1.01, 1.04]) and lower odds among parents who exhibited greater parental sport pressure ( OR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.78, 0.99]). Parents whose child had a prior concussion were much more likely to communicate with their child about concussion reporting ( OR = 7.86, 95% CI [3.00, 20.55]). Conclusion. Initiatives are needed to support healthy sport parenting, particularly focusing on parental encouragement of concussion reporting. Possible directions for concussion education for parents based on the results of this study include providing parents with concrete guidance about the important role they can play in encouraging their child to report symptoms of a concussion, communicating the athletic consequences of continued sport involvement while experiencing symptoms of a concussion, and using narrative messaging with exemplars to personalize the information for parents of youth who have not previously sustained a concussion.
Neighborhood Effects on Immigrants’ Experiences of Work-Family Conflict and Psychological Distress
Authors: Young Marisa , Montazer Shirin
Published: August 2017

The neighborhood context is considered a key institution of inequality influencing individuals’ exposure and psychological vulnerability to stressors in the work-family interface, including work-family conflict (WFC). However, experiences of neighborhood context, WFC, and its mental health consequences among minority populations—including foreign-born residents—remain unexplored. We address this limitation and draw on tenants of the stress process model to unpack our hypotheses. We further test whether our focal associations vary for mothers and fathers. Using multilevel data from Toronto, Canada (N = 794), we find that neighborhood disadvantage—measured at the census level—increases reports of WFC among all respondents except foreign-born fathers, who report a decrease in WFC as disadvantage increases. Despite this benefit, the WFC of foreign-born fathers in disadvantaged neighborhoods leads to greater distress compared to other respondents. Our findings highlight important gender differences by nativity status in the impact of neighborhood context on individual-level stressors and mental health.
Career pathways in dentistry
Authors: Miller Alasdair G.
Published: August 2017

During the next decade we are likely to see the greatest changes in the way in which dentistry is delivered than at any point since the introduction of the National Health Service in 1948. The move in the primary-care sector from a mainly NHS service to a mixed economy, the emergence of more practices operated by bodies corporate and the possibility of high-street specialists will all impact on every aspect of profeSSional life. For those trying to plan a career or looking to change pathways it can be difficult to identify which pathway to follow. The purpose of this article is to explore the possible routes for career development.
Development of protocols for genomic library construction of Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis)
Authors: SIREGAR ULFAH J. , MAULANA MUHAMMAD IQBAL , SUHARSONO UTUT W.
Published: August 2017

Siregar UJ, Maulana MI, Suharsono UW. 2017. Development of protocols for genomic library construction of Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis). Biodiversitas 18: 1150-1158. Agarwood is one of non timber forest products (NTFP) which has high economic value. Diminishing agarwood trees in natural forest due to intensive harvesting has shifted the production paradigm to forest plantation. In order to support agarwood tree improvement, investigation on the agarwood tree genomes and genes involved in agarwood production is highly needed through genomic library construction. This research aimed at establishing cloning protocols for genomic library construction of agarwood tree (Aquilaria malaccensis) until sequencing process. Genomic DNA was isolated using DNeasy Plant Mini Kit from Qiagen, then was digested with EcoR1, and was ligated to pGemÂ®-T Easy vector system before it was finally transformed and was cloned to E.coli strain DH5Î±. Confirmation of DNA inserts was done using PCR colony with universal primer of SP6 and T7, plasmid isolation and also PCR plasmid and plasmid DNA digestion used Quick Plasmid Miniprep Kit from Thermofisher. Cloned A. malaccensis DNA fragments were sequenced and BLAST at NCBI site. The cloning successfully obtained five white colonies which contain inserted A. malaccensis DNA fragments with the size of 136-225 bp. PCR colony, plasmid isolation, PCR plasmid, and plasmid DNA digestion had confirmed the existence of inserted A. malaccensis DNA genome inside the bacteria cells. Sequencing and BLAST showed that DNA inserts from colony number 6, 8, and 9 were not similar with A. malccensis sequence that was recorded in NCBI, indicating that the genomic region in this library construction is different from the genomic DNA sequences of A. malaccensis in NCBI.
Species diversity and population distribution of arboreal mammals in Kemuning Forest, Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: KRISANTI AGNES AUDINA , WIDIYANI TETRI , IMRON MUHAMMAD ALI
Published: August 2017

Krisanti AA, Widiyani T, Imron MA. 2017. Species diversity and population distribution of arboreal mammals in Kemuning Forest, Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1190-1195. Arboreal mammals which spent their life on the trees have significant roles for ecosystem balance and sustainability of forest ecosystem. This research aimed to reveal the diversity, population distribution, and the habitat used by arboreal mammals in Kemuning Forest of Bejen, Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. We conducted observation on the presence of arboreal mammals during four weeks started from April to July 2016. The observation was done within various times a day depends on the weather. 30 strips transect (ST) with 200m in length were established following the existing walking path for species identification. Point-quarter samplings (PQS) were used at every 50m of the track length for measuring diversity, density, and determining the dominant vegetation. There were 137 individuals of arboreal mammals detected and classified in 6 species, i.e., Callosciurus notatus, Ratufa bicolor, Galeopterus variegatus, Macaca fascicularis, Trachypithecus auratus, and Nycteris javanica. The largest population was M. fascicularis while the smallest was G. variegatus. There were 28 species of identified trees. Animals were observed in 22 tracks while the other six tracks were out of detected animals, so the relative frequency of animal was 80%. Diversity indices (Hâ€™) of the animal were 1.342, whereas the vegetation diversity indices were 2.795. Dominant vegetation species were Ficus macrophylla (36%). The arboreal mammals were distributed in a clumped pattern. We concluded that Kemuning Forest had the potential to be the suitable habitat for arboreal mammals with better managements.
Indigenes Erbe im Internet
Authors: Corkovic Laura M.
Published: August 2017

Die Chicanos kämpfen seit den späten 1960er Jahren um kulturelle Anerkennung und soziale Gleichberechtigung in der US-amerikanischen Gesellschaft. Ihr indigenes Erbe stellt dabei ein essentielles Element der eigenen Identität und künstlerischen Authentizität dar. Ausgehend von 27 Interviews mit Chicano-Fotografen und -Aktivisten wie Delilah Montoya, Kathy Vargas, Lupita Murillo Tinnen, Harry Gamboa Jr., Oscar Castillo, Orlando Lara, Robert C. Buitrón und David Bacon analysiert Laura M. Corkovic, wie effizient sie das Internet für ihren Kampf nutzen. In vier konkreten Fallstudien arbeitet sie die Bedeutung der indigenen Kulturen in der zeitgenössischen Chicano-Fotografie sowie ihre Online-Präsentation im Vergleich zu den Printmedien heraus.
Decentralization Reform in Ukraine: Assessment of the Chosen Transformation Model
Authors: Udovychenko Volodymyr , Melnychuk Anatoliy , Gnatiuk Oleksiy , Ostapenko Pavlo
Published: August 2017

Ukraine has to reform the spatial organization of power, which involves alteration of the administrative-territorial division in very difficult socio-economic and political conditions. Despite a great interest in the Ukrainian decentralization reform in scientific publications and media, the influence of chosen voluntary consolidation mode on the newly formed territorial communities, including their spatial configuration, economic potential and institutional capability, remains uncovered. Trying to shed some light on the issue, the authors made an attempt to reveal advantages and disadvantages of the selected model of reform on the example of the Perspective Plan of Territorial Communities Formation in Kyiv Region.
Ultra-Wideband Massive MIMO Communications Using Multi-mode Antennas
Authors: Hoeher P. A. , Manteuffel D. , Doose N. , Peitzmeier N.
Published: August 2017

An ultra-wideband system design is presented which supports wireless internet access and similar short-range applications with data rates of the order of 100 Gbps. Unlike concurrent work exploring the 60 GHz regime and beyond for this purpose, our focus is on the 6.0 –8.5 GHz frequency band. Hence, a bandwidth efficiency of about 50 bps/Hz is necessary. This sophisticated goal is targeted by employing two key enabling techniques: massive MIMO communications in conjunction with multi-mode antennas. This concept is suitable both for small-scale terminals like smartphones, as well as for powerful access points. Compared to millimeter wave and THz band communications, the 6.0 –8.5 GHz frequency band offers more robustness in NLOS scenarios and is more mature with respect to system components.
The Comparative Efficiency Analysis of EU Members Agriculture Sectors
Authors: Laurinavičius Eligijus , Rimkuvienė Daiva
Published: August 2017

Production economics forms a very important part of an enormous range of economic theory. Agricultural production is no exception. When evaluating the competitiveness of the multifunctional agriculture, it is necessary to use the measure of efficiency instead of productivity. The conception of the efficiency is explained and the methods for measurement are provided. The authors discuss the methods of Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA), Free Disposal Hull (FDH) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) that are particularly useful for multi-criterial evaluation of multifunctional processes. Those methods assign an efficiency score to each Decision Making Unit (DMU) based on how well it transforms a given set of inputs into outputs. Most studies have only focused on application of DEA method for assesment of the efficiency of agriculture farms. There is still a need on applications for sectors. This paper provides an examination of the applicability of DEA method to agriculture sectors efficiency measurement. By applying mathematical models, which are based on the DEA, the efficiency of agriculture in each EU country was evaluated.
Sea Buckthorn Leaves and the Novel Food Evaluation
Authors: Kauppinen Sanna
Published: August 2017

Novel food means any food that was not used for human consumption to a significant degree within the European Union before 1997. The novel food regulation (EC) 258/97 concerns also foods and food ingredients consisting of or isolated from plants, except the food having a history of safe food use within the European Union before 1997. According to the knowledge thus far, sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) leaves have not been used to a significant degree as food, food supplement, or spice in European Union before 1997. The new regulation on novel foods (EU) No. 2015/2283 (Anonymous, 2015) comes into force in the beginning of 2018. After that also history of safe use in a third country is accepted as information of its traditional use. This means continued use for at least 25 years in the customary diet of a significant number of people. Novel food application has to include the description of the product, production process, characteristics and composition, proposed uses and use levels, anticipated intake, history of its use, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, nutritional and toxicological information and allergenicity. Sea buckthorn leaves have been under active research lately and a lot of information is already available, but safety assessment required for novel food evaluation may still be needed.
Genetic Variation and Tree Improvement of Konishii fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook. var.konishii) in Taiwan
Authors: Chung Jeng-Der , Nigh Gordon , Chien Ching-Te , Ying Cheng C.
Published: August 2017

We analyzed a 21-year old progeny test of Konishii fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.) Hook. var.konishii) involving 75 families. Tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were periodically recorded. At age 21, average height, DBH, and volume were 15.2 m, 20.2 cm, and 278 dm3, respectively. At this age, family accounted for 9, 12, and 11% of the total variance in height, DBH and volume, respectively. Also at age 21, individual tree heritability was 0.35, 0.49, and 0.45 for height, DBH and volume, respectively, and family heritability was 0.53, 0.69, and 0.66 for the three respective characteristics. The age trend for all genetic parameters was more stable for DBH than for height and volume. Family (backward) selection for DBH at age 21 resulted in a 9.6% gain and indirectly 5.1 and 21.0% gains for height and volume, respectively, compared to 5.2 and 20.1% gains for height and volume, respectively, when selection for these characteristics is done directly. DBH is an effective proxy trait for selection in growth. DBH is also less susceptible than height to typhoon damage, which frequently afflicts tree plantations in Taiwan. Therefore, DBH should be considered as the primary trait for selection for Konishii fir in Taiwan. Konishii fir is a genetically variable species despite its limited geographic range, and is fast growing which makes it a viable candidate species for tree improvement.
The Analysis of Nutritional Predictors of Anemia Combined with Obesity in Primary School-Age Children
Authors: Sekulic Marija R. , Stajic Dalibor , Djonovic Nela
Published: August 2017

The consumption and amounts of a variety of food products used in a diet affect the incidence of anemia and different levels of nutritional status among school-age children. The prevalence of food intake comprised of fats, carbohydrates and sodium (salt) is a significant contributing factor to the incidence of excessive weight. Apart from nutrition, a leisure-time physical activity and the time spent in front of the TV or computer may contribute to an increase in anemia and obesity rates. The objective of this paper was to examine nutritional status, dietary habits and anemia among school-age children in the central Serbia region (the city of Kragujevac). It was established that 47.3% of the surveyed children fell into the normal weight group, 24.5% of the children are considered to be at risk of being overweight, 21.4 % of the children are considered as obese, whereas 6.8% of the children fell into the under-weight group. The incidence of anemia was noted in 10.8% of the cases, whereas anemia in obese children was observed in 21.6% of the cases (n=114; during the school year of 2014-2015). The obtained results show a statistically significant correlation between an increase in the consumption of fast food and anemia in children, whereas the amount of time children spend in front of the TV is also associated with the higher percentage of anemia and obesity.
A New Species of Hendrella (Diptera, Tephritidae) from South-Eastern Iran
Authors: Namin S. Mohamadzade , Moeinadini A. , Madjdzadeh S. M.
Published: August 2017

The genus Hendrella Munro, 1938 hitherto was known to include 8 species occurring in the Palaearctic Region. All species of known biology are associated with Artemisia spp. (Asteraceae). An additional species with similar biology, H. kermanensis sp. n., recently discovered in Iran is described. It is very similar to H. caloptera in the coloration of antenna and femora, as well as presence of one hyaline spot in cell r1, but differs from it by the shape of the first flagellomere and also by the wing pattern details. Larvae of H. kermanensis sp. n. induce stem galls in Artemisia aucheri Boiss. of the tribe Anthemideae (Asteraceae).
Stability and Regeneration of Rhodopsin Absorption Spectra at an Air-Water Interface
Authors: Karan Hiroko Ito , Hirsch Rhoda Elison , Brody Seymour Steven
Published: August 2017

Stability and regenerability of the absorption spectrum of CTAB solubilized rhodopsin at an air-water interface is studied. The spectral properties of rhodopsin films in the dark are stable more than 150 minutes. When rhodopsin is bleached (40 - 50%) and maintained in highly com­ pressed films recovery of the spectrum is observed. The recovery is 57% to 100% of the pigment present before irradiation. At low surface pressure or if the films are expanded after irradiation there is no observable recovery.
Isolation of a New seco-nor-Triterpenol from Hoya australis Leaf Wax
Authors: Baas Wim J. , Figdor Carl G.
Published: August 2017

From the alcohol fraction of the epicuticular leaf wax of Hoya australis R. Br. ex Traill, a new triterpenol was isolated which, according to mass spectral and NMR data, is assumed to be A-seco-A-nor-⊿12-oleanenol.
Metabolism of Anthranilic Acid in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures
Authors: Kösler Johannes , Ohm Monika , Barz Wolfgang
Published: August 2017

Cell suspension cultures of some 12 plants were investigated for anthranilic acid metabolism. Rapid uptake of substrate is accompanied by partial excretion of anthranilic acid-N-glucoside and followed by predominant conversion into tryptophan. Ring cleavage reactions of anthranilate could not be observed but peroxidatic polymerisation occurred to a high percentage. Anthranilic acid-N-glucoside is not permanently stored by the cell cultures.
2′-Chloro-1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilide-4'- isothiocyanate — a New Cestodicidal Agent [1 ]
Authors: Singh Harindra , Sharma Satyavan , Iyer R. N. , Katiyar J. C. , Sen A . B.
Published: August 2017

2′-Chloro-1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilide-4′-isothiocyanate (4) has been synthesized as the structural analogue of yomesan (1) and was found to be active against experimental dwarf tapeworm Hymenolepis nana infection in rats at an oral dose of 7.5 mg/kg.
Some existence, uniqueness results on positive solutions for a fractional differential equation with infinite-point boundary conditions
Authors: Zhai Chengbo , Wang Li
Published: August 2017

We investigate a class of Riemann–Liouville's fractional differential equation with infinite-point boundary conditions. We give some new properties of the Green's function associated with the fractional differential equation boundary value problem. Based upon these new properties and by using Schauder's fixed point theorem, we establish some existence results on positive solutions for the boundary value problem. Further, by using a fixed point theorem of general concave operators, we also present an existence and uniqueness result on positive solutions for the boundary value problem.
Образная символика с компонентом национальных блюд у украинцев, сербов и хорватов
Authors: Савченко А. В. , Хмелевский М. С.
Published: August 2017

The traditions and stereotypes of perception and imagination of different dishes belonging to different national Slavonic cuisines could be considered as a special cultural and linguistic formation, a special layer. The article presents some of the stereotypes of “national menus” and their reflections in some Slavonic languages, including the phraseological level, especially in the culture of Ukrainians, Serbs, and Croats. Culinary and “cooking” metaphors often become the basis for creating expressivity.
Resultados interculturais de um professor brasileiro Fulbright nos EUA
Authors: Leite Marcelo Da Silva , Gaia Celeste
Published: August 2017

Ao longo da última década, devido à expansão da globalização, tem havido uma crescente ênfase na internacionalização no Ensino Superior entre corpo docente, administração e agências de reconhecimento. Embora para promover a internacionalização no ensino superior, os custos são um grande desafio, uma forma de ter as ações internacionais com baixo custo, é buscar por bolsas de diferentes agências governamentais de fomento e fundações.O programa Fulbright Scholar oferece excelente condições financeiras para internacionalizar os currículos de faculdades e universidades. Este artigo vai partilhar a perspectiva de um bolsista Fulbright brasileiro em uma faculdade americana e a perspectiva da instituição da participação do bolsita Fulbright na instituição.
Estudo Fatorial de um Inventário de Práticas e Crenças Parentais
Authors: Martinelli Selma de Cássia , Aguena-Matsuoka Elaine Cristiane , Fernandes Débora Cecilio
Published: August 2017

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi buscar evidências de validade do Inventário de Práticas e Crenças Parentais (IPCp), mediante análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória. Foram realizados dois estudos abrangendo um total de 509 participantes, na sua maioria, mães. No primeiro, participaram 247 pais e, no segundo, 262. No primeiro estudo, foi realizada uma análise fatorial exploratória que originou um conjunto final de 15 itens, distribuídos em dois fatores: práticas e crenças parentais. Os coeficientes de alfa de Cronbach foram respectivamente de 0,820 e 0,788. No segundo estudo, foi realizada uma análise fatorial confirmatória, e os resultados revelaram que o modelo de dois fatores, sugerido no primeiro estudo e agrupados da forma indicada, fornece o melhor ajuste possível para esses dados. Apesar dos bons indicadores psicométricos obtidos, ainda são necessários outros estudos com o inventário.