bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dual Role of Endothelin-1 and Angiotensin II in Disease Progression of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Roberts Eleanor
Published: January 2023

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are rare primary glomerulopathies, though the incidence of IgAN is greater. Endothelin 1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II (Ang II) are implicated in the development and progression of IgAN and FSGS. Both conditions impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and may lead to kidney failure. IgAN and FSGS are both evidenced clinically by proteinuria, with a greater degree of such associated with more progressive disease and shorter times to kidney failure. Accordingly, the reduction of proteinuria in patients with these conditions is a key target. Currently, IgAN and FSGS treatments are unsuccessful or only partially successful in a number of patients. Immunosuppressant therapy is first-line for primary FSGS and utilised for patients with IgAN who remain at high risk of progression despite maximal supportive care; however, while effective, there is a significant risk of toxicity and relapse is frequent. A number of clinical trials are ongoing to investigate the use of non-immunosuppressive agents in the management of these conditions. The dual endothelin Type A receptor/Ang II subtype 1 receptor (ETAR/AT1R) antagonist (DEARA) sparsentan is currently being assessed as a means to control kidney disease progression. Interim study results show that sparsentan can lead to greater reductions in proteinuria than AT1R antagonism alone in IgAN and more patients reaching partial remission (PR) in FSGS. Herein, a symposium by leading experts at the European Renal Association (ERA) 59th Congress in Paris, 19th−22nd May 2022, is presented. It highlights IgAN and FSGS and the role of proteinuria in these conditions, and how targeting ET-1 and Ang II can lead to a reduction in proteinuria in IgAN and potential FSGS PR.
PENINGKATAN PROFESIONAL GURU MELALUI PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Yamamoto Yamamoto , Zubaidah Siti
Published: January 2023

Melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan Guru Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri Kota Palembang diharapkan mampu mengerahkan dan mandayagunakan factor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pendidikan sehingga tercipta proses belajar mengajar yang bermutu. Fenomena yang terjadi selama ini guru diberikan pendidikan dan pelatihan guna meningkatkan kompetensi tetapi tidak di ikuti dengan Follow up yang dapat membantu mereka di dalam menerapkan hasil pelatihan yang selama ini di laksanakan, sehingga efektifitas pendidikan dan pelatihan yang selama ini dilaksanakan menjandi tidak terukur karena tidak ada jaminan mutu, bahwa hasil pelatihan benar-benar dapat di impelementasikan, dan akhirnya diklat hanya dianggap sebagai formalitas saja. Untuk menjawab fenomena di atas, maka diklat perlu di laksanakan dengan pendekatan sistem yang berkesinambungan, menyeluruh dan sistematis. Untuk itu di perlukan berbagi hal dalam mendesain (merancang bangun) program pendidikan dan latihan agar dapat menjadi pedoman atau acuan dalam pelaksanaan diklat dan dapat menyiapkan bahan-bahan, metode dan pendekatan serta tahap-tahap kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam pelaksanaanya berdasarkan aspek-aspek dan unsur-unsur yang  menjadi fokus diklat. Semua elemen yang terkait dalam merancang model diklat di dasarkan pada analisis kebutuhan yang mendalam terhadap kinerja, iklim dan kebutuhan organisasi, berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan diklat kemudian di rancang suatu model pelaksanaan diklat yang di mulai dengan workshop untuk memperkenalkan konsep pelatihan dan sasaran kompetensi yang di harapkan dimiliki oleh peserta, pendampingan untuk melihat implementasi diklat di sekolah setelah pelatihan di lakukan (sebagai bahan evaluasi Diklat), dan refleksi dilaksanakan untuk mendiskusikan kembali laporan dari hasil pendampingan dengan mengundang kembali peserta diklat (ini dilaksanakan setelah 3-5 bulan setelah pelatihan  workshop). Semua kegiatan diklat ini didesain dalam beberapa tahap berdasarkan fungsi dari manajeman pelatihan diklat yaitu mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi sampai pada pasca diklat.
 
Kata kunci : Peningkatan, Profesional, Guru, Diklat
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN IZIN MENDIRIKAN BANGUNAN GEDUNG DI KOTA PALEMBANG, INDONESIA
Authors: Nirmala Isma , Purwanti Umi
Published: January 2023

Izin Mendirikan Bangunan Gedung di Kota Palembang berpedoman pada Kebijakan Peraturan Daerah Kota Palembang Nomor 1 tahun 2017 bertujuan untuk mengontrol dan mengawasi bangunan gedung yang fungsinya untuk kepentingan publik, baik berupa fungsi keagamaan, fungsi usaha, maupun fungsi sosial budaya, yang diharapkan untuk membangun tata letak tertib bangunan dan untuk memenuhi standar teknik bangunan dan estetika. Oleh karena itu, aman, nyaman, sehat dan memiliki nilai ekonomi yang akan digunakan sebagai penduduk atau kegiatan ekonomi dan sosial budaya, namun dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan ini peneliti menemukan berbagai masalah, baik yang berasal dari kebijakan internal dan eksternal. Temuan teoritis dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada fakta yang berbeda dan tidak memperkuat sejumlah temuan dari penelitian sebelumnya yang menyimpulkan bahwa sisi pertama yang menjadi penyebab kurangnya implementasi kebijakan adalah pemerintah khususnya aparat penyedia layanan. Faktor-faktor konteks dan lingkungan sosial-politik dan ekonomi di mana kebijakan itu diterapkan dan isi faktor atau substansi kebijakan memiliki peran penting dalam kebijakan pelaksanaan.
 
Kata kunci : Implementasi Kebijakan, Content dari kebijakan dan Envirionmental kebijakan
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KOTA TANPA KUMUH (KOTAKU) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI KELURAHAN KEBONJATI KOTA SUKABUMI
Authors: Mulyadi Andi , Ramdani Ari
Published: January 2023

Upaya Pemerintah Kota Sukabumi dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Kota Sukabumi yaitu melalui Program KOTAKU (Kota tanpa Kumuh). Program KOTAKU dilaksanakan melalui pembangunan dan peningkatan kualitas fasilitas umum di lokasi yang telah ditentukan sesuai dengan SK Walikota No. 61 Tahun 2015 terkait kawasan kumuh Kota Sukabumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi Program KOTAKU di Kelurahan Kebonjati Kota Sukabumi dan upaya yang dilakukan dalam implementasi program tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan berupa reduksi data, kondensasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun informan pada penelitian berjumlah 5 orang yang terdiri dari 2 orang pihak Dinas PUPRPKPP Kota Sukabumi sebagai instansi ditingkat kota yang melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi, Kepala Kelurahan Kebonjati, dan Sekretaris BKM dan Ketua KSM Kelurahan Kebonjati. Adapun dalam menguji keabsahan (validasi) data penelitian menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Pelaksanaan Program KOTAKU sebagai upaya penanganan pemukiman kumuh dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kelurahan Kebonjati sudah berjalan dengan baik sebesar 91.4% dan sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan dan pedoman pelaksanaan program KOTAKU yang berlaku. (2) Hambatan yang ditemui dalam implementasi Program KOTAKU di Kelurahan Kebonjati meliputi, kurangnya  partisipasi  masyarakat Kelurahan Kebonjati dalam implementasi Program KOTAKU, pencairan anggaran yang terhambat, terbatasnya jumlah pekerja akibat pandemi covid-19, kondisi cuaca yang tidak mendukung, serta lamanya pengiriman barang.
Kata kunci : Implementasi Program; Pemukiman Kumuh,  KOTAKU
Peran Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dalam Budaya Organisasi
Authors: Andita Anisya Putri , Yusuf Ningrum Fauziah
Published: January 2023

Teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dengan fokus pada pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi berbasis internet. Organisasi yang akan mampu bertahan dan memiliki daya saing adalah organisasi yang dapat beradaptasi dengan cepat terhadap penggunaan teknologi informasi komunikasi dan kemudian dalam bentuk organisasi ini sering disebut dengan organisasi virtual. Kajian ini akan membahas bagaimana peran penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam budaya organisasi. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam budaya organisasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Dan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian tersebut adalah penerapan teknologi sangat bermanfaat bagi kalangan yang menggunakannya. Namun dengan kemajuan teknologi informasi dan peluang dari sistem teknologi informasi harus mewaspadai ancaman yang mungkin terjadi. Penggunaan pada teknologi informasi ini menjadi reduksi untuk kehidupan pada masyarakat ataupun organisasi yang menjadikan sebuah organisasi yang minim akan jiwa sosial.
Kata Kunci: Teknologi Informasi, Komunikasi, Organisasi
Konsep Modernisasi/Globalisasi Terhadap Pengembangan Organisasi Publik
Authors: Saputra Aditya
Published: January 2023

traditional society towards a more advanced society. This is a shift in people's attitudes and mentality to suit today's life demands. To develop a public organization is not an easy matter. From time to time the challenges faced will always change over time, one of which is the occurrence of globalization. Globalization is a new challenge for every Public Organization in developing its organization. Because with the mixing of global cultures that come, making public organizations become more developed, so they can compete with other organizations.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KOTA TANPA KUMUH (KOTAKU) DI KELURAHAN CIBODAS KECAMATAN CIBODAS KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Idelia Aramita Dinah , Yusuf Yusmedi , Kurniawan Irvan Arif
Published: January 2023

Permukiman kumuh termasuk salah satu persoalan yang telah ditemui dan dapat dirasakan pada berbagai kota-kota di Indonesia. Program yang telah dikeluarkan Pemerintah Indonesia adalah program KOTAKU yang pembentukannya sebagai upaya untuk peningkatan kualitas permukiman kumuh secara nasional. Kelurahan Cibodas masuk pada satu dari kelurahan di Indonesia yang menerima program KOTAKU. Penelitian dilakukan dengan analisis metode kualitatif yang hasilnya berupa data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi program KOTAKU di Kelurahan Cibodas pada dimensi komunikasi (communication) sudah terkomunikasikan dengan baik melalui musyawarah perencanaan pembangunan, rapat pertemuan antar implementor dan sosialisasi. Dalam dimensi sumber daya (resources) kemampuan implementor yang baik dengan peningkatan melalui pelatihan-pelatihan, juga fasilitas pendukung sarana prasarana untuk memudahkan jalannya program dan anggaran melalui Bantuan Pemerintah kepada Masyarakat (BPM) dan swadaya. Pada dimensi sikap pelaksana atau disposisi (disposition) terdapat komitmen yang berpengaruh optimal melalui Surat Perjanjian Kerja (SPK) menghasilkan transparansi dengan adanya kegiatan Launching Bantuan Pemerintah kepada Masyarakat (BPM) dan pertanggungjawaban dengan pembuatan Lembar pertanggungjawaban (LPJ) dan audit kelembagaan Badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat (BKM) serta pada dimensi struktur birokrasi (bureaucracy structure) terdapat Standart Operating Procedure (SOP) waktu tiga bulan kerja dan pembagian tugas antar pelaksana program.
 
Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Kebijakan Publik, Kota Tanpa Kumuh
PERANAN KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN DALAM JABATAN FUNGSIONAL ( STUDI DI PUSKESMAS SIMPANG TIGA KABUPATEN PIDIE )
Authors: Zulfikar Zulfikar
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK
Pemimpin memberikan pengaruh yang besar bagi setiap proses pembangunan organisasi. Kepemimpinan tidak hanya berdasarkan gender maupun ras apakah dia seorang laki-laki maupun perempuan melainkan keberhasilan dari sebuah kepemimpinan yang sesungguhnya dilihat dari efektifitas   dan    kualitas   dari   gaya    kepemimpinan   yang    diterapkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk   mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan perempuan dalam meningkatkan  eksistensi  perempuan didalam  jabatan  fungsional.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan sumber data yang digunakan yaitu pengumpulan data primer dan data sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian peneliti mengambil bahwa peranan   kepemimpinan   perempuan   di    Puskesmas   Simpang   Tiga Kabupaten Pidie sudah sangat terlihat jelas kesuksesan dalam kepemimpinannya. Peranan kepemimpinan perempuan sudah sangat berperan aktif dalam jabatan fungsional di puskesmas simpang tiga kabupaten pidie. Dalam temuan peneliti kepemimpinan perempuan sudah mampu   menjalankan   tugas   dan    tanggung   jawabnya   dengan   baik. Pemimpin perempuan juga selalu sikap dalam menyukseskan kemajuan puskesmas simpang tiga tentunya dengan kerja sama yang efektif seta efisien dengan para pegawai puskesmas lainnya.  Pemimpin puskesmas simpang tiga juga sangat berwibawa dan bertanggung jawab yang tidak kalah performa nya dengan laki-laki.Sifat kepribadian yang baik harus dijaga, serta kestabilan akan  emosi ketika masalah   muncul    baik   dari   keluarga   maupun  kerja,   sehingga   tetap menghasilkan kerja yang optimal.
Halk Sağlığı Bakışıyla Obezite Yönetimi
Authors: DEMİRAY Gamze , YORULMAZ Faruk
Published: January 2023

Yaşam tarzı ve alışkanlıkların hızla değişmesi sonucunda, artan sıklığı ile önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline gelen obeziteyi Dünya Sağlık Örgütü “vücutta sağlığı bozacak ölçüde fazla yağ birikimi” olarak tanımlamaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’ne göre 2016 yılında dünyada 18 yaş ve üzeri populasyonun %39’u fazla kilolu ve %14’ü obez sınıfındadır. Ülkemizde ise 2019 yılı Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu verilerine göre her beş kişiden biri obezdir. Obezite tespitinde en yaygın ölçüm aracı olarak beden kütle indeksinden yararlanılmakta ve 30 kg/m2 üzerindeki değerler obez olarak kabul edilmektedir. Obezitenin; endokrin, kardiyovasküler, solunum, gastrointestinal, genitoüriner, kas iskelet gibi sistemler ve psikososyal durum üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri nedeniyle birçok sağlık sorununa neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Obezite tedavisi uzun zaman isteyen, zor ve maliyetli bir hastalık olduğu için en etkili çözüm obeziteyi önlemektir. Obezitenin önlenmesinde diyet eğitimi, fiziksel aktivite ve davranış değişikliklerini içeren müdahale çalışmaları yapılmalı; toplum katılımını sağlayan, etkili ve uygulanabilir halk sağlığı programları üretilmelidir.
Post Kolesistektomi Sendromu: Kırk Sekiz Yaşında Kadın Hastada Kolon Kanseri Olgu Sunumu
Authors: DEMİRKAYA Hasan Can , ÖZAYDIN İsmet , GÖNÜLLÜ Mehmet Emin , ALTINSOY Nurgül
Published: January 2023

Safra kesesinde taş olan ve kolesistit kliniği ile gelen 48 yaşındaki kadın hastaya laparoskopik kolesistektomi ameliyatı yapıldı. Bir hafta sonra hasta rutin ameliyat sonrası kontrolüne geldi. Kontrol için yapılan muayenesinde hastanın şikâyetlerinin devam ettiği öğrenildi. İleri incelemeler yapıldı. Radyolojik görüntülemelerde hastanın bilgisayarlı tomografisinde transvers kolonda kitlesel oluşum imajı izlendi. Kolonoskopik inceleme planlandı ve yapılan kolonoskopide transvers kolon lümeninde kitle tespit edildi. Kitleden biyopsi alındı ve patolojik tanısı kolon kanseri olarak sonuçlandı. Hastaya sağ hemikolektomi ameliyatı yapıldı. Post kolesistektomi sendromu genellikle hepatobilier sistemden kaynaklanan sebeplerden dolayı olmaktadır. Ancak bu vakada olduğu gibi post kolesistektomi sendromu nedenleri arasında nadir de olsa kolon kanserinin de olabileceği unutulmamalıdır.
Anxiety Levels in Cancer Patients during the First Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: KAZAZ Seher Nazlı , YILDIRIM Atila
Published: January 2023

Aim: COVID-19 remains the biggest health crisis in the age we live in. It is obvious that this pandemic will cause psychological and physical disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of anxiety caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with cancer and the factors that may affect it. Material and Methods: This is an observational, single-center study involving 235 cancer patients admitted to our outpatient clinic. The Turkish validated "Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7" questionnaire form was preferred to evaluate patients' anxiety levels. We also asked patients how long they thought about COVID-19 during the day. Results: More than one-third of the cancer patients had high and severe anxiety levels because of COVID-19. Severe anxiety was significantly higher in patients with metastatic disease (p
Addressing the Falling Labour Share in the UK and Beyond: Labour Law's Call to Arms
Authors: Cabrelli David
Published: January 2023

Economic studies jointly carried out by the ILO and the OECD, as well as the work of the economist Thomas Piketty has heightened public attention to the fact that the share of GDP in G20 (and other developed and developing) countries paid out as earned income has dropped since the early 1980s, with a corresponding increase in the share going to capital. To what extent can Labour Law contribute to the reversal of this decline in the labour share? Some commentators argue that reforms designed to strengthen trade unions and encourage broader collective bargaining coverage in the working population will lead to a correction. Others have recommended corporate governance reforms that prioritise more worker representational participation on the boards of corporations to promote the interests of labour. This paper will consider both of these suggestions, alongside others, and advance the proposition that inventive modes of regulatory thinking and new labour law solutions are required, which are tailored to the economic and social exigencies of the prevailing system of liberal meritocratic capitalist market exchange. The claim is that careful analysis of the current incarnation of capitalism (liberal meritocratic) can help us to identify the appropriate nature, scope and content of any labour law reforms that are motivated by a desire to resist the labour share decline. This paper will provide a preliminary basic sketch of how those adaptations of the rules of labour law should be configured.
Exploring the Causes of Child Abuse in Punjab: Reflections from the Narratives of Child Molesters
Authors: Zaman Zeeshan U , Irfan Shahid , Akhtar Tanvir
Published: January 2023

The present qualitative study is aimed to explore the role of the lived experiences among child molesters in the urban and rural areas of Punjab, Pakistan. The purpose of this study was to find out the basic difference and reasons behind child sexual abuse in urban and rural areas. The present study also contributed to some new insights into the problem. 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted in the selected areas (Jhelum Gujrat). The content validity of the interview guide was checked through the expert opinion of the ethical committee in the field of qualitative research. The purposive sampling technique was used to include child molesters in the study. Respondents pointed out the role of their own lived experiences in child molestation. Some of them have reported that they had faced child abuse in childhood and some of them pointed out that it has happened incidentally. The study suggests that every individual has his own personal schemas of sex experiences which led them toward child molestation. There are huge socio-economic and developmental differences in child molesters of urban and rural areas.
Mitigating bureaucratic inefficiencies through blockchain technology in Africa
Authors: Shava Elvin , Mhlanga David
Published: January 2023

With the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) wave engulfing African governments, the need to do, and use something new has already infiltrated many public sector organizations. While modern technologies are being embraced in the private sector, African governments are emulating new technologies and other Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) to advance their economies while managing the risk that these sophisticated technologies can trigger. Blockchain technology is one of the emerging 4IR technology that is believed to have the capacity to mitigate bureaucratic inefficiencies, although scholars argue implementing such comes at a higher price. To understand how blockchain can help reduce inefficiencies in African bureaucracy, the researchers employed the systematic literature review analysis where documents from various databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically sampled depending on how they offer meaningful data concerning blockchain implementation. The analyses of these secondary sources revealed multiple challenges and opportunities associated with blockchain technology in the African government. The challenges include poor project management, weak institutions that do not uphold accountability and transparency in data entry using blockchain, unavailability of blockchain infrastructure, risk-averse attitude, and absence of institutional readiness. By implementing enabling technology policies in government, the study revealed that blockchain could help improve taxation in African bureaucracies and mitigate data altering and errors while maximizing efficiency. Further merits in public healthcare and education can be realized by using blockchain technology. The conclusions drawn from this study have shown that for African bureaucracy to thrive using blockchain technology, there is a need to prepare public sector institutions to embrace blockchain technology. At the same time, investment in soft and technical skills remains fundamental to mitigate inefficiencies in public service provision. Institutional readiness is another deterrent to blockchain technology as public administration regard this technology as demanding since it may require change, and management where institutions and structures are reshuffled to respond to the demands of blockchain technology in the delivery of public goods.
Micropropagation and assessment of genetic stability of Dendrobium transparens Wall. Ex Lindl. using RAPD and ISSR markers
Authors: Joshi Pusp Raj , Pandey Sushma , Maharjan Lasta , Pant Bijaya
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Dendrobium species have been widely used for many health disorders since ancient times. However, due to unrelenting collection to meet the increasing demand for their use in medication and other health products, the natural habitats of medicinal Dendrobium transparens have been devastated and are on the verge of extinction.

Methods

An efficient in-vitro propagation protocol for Dendrobium transparens using seed derived protocorms was established and genetic homogeneity of the in-vitro regenerants and the wild plant was studied.

Results

The maximum seed germination was observed in Full strength Murashige and Skoog medium (FMS). Induction of protocorms were achieved on basal as well as half-strength MS medium. The highest number of shoot (11.9 shoots/explant) was achieved in half MS medium fortified with 100 mL/L coconut water in addition with Benzyl amino purine (BAP) 1 mg/L and Kinetin 2 mg/L. Further, elongated shoots were transferred to full and half strength MS root initiating medium supplemented with different concentration of auxins. However, a maximum of (8.3 ± 0.6, 4.9 ± 0.1 cm) roots were achieved in full MS medium fortified with 100 mL/L coconut water and Napthalene acetic acid (NAA) 1.5 mg/L. Ten rapid Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers were used to analyze genetic stability among in-vitro and mother plant. RAPD primers produced a total of 23 fragments while ISSR primers produced a total of 16 fragments.

Conclusion

The amplified bands of all the samples of in-vitro plants were similar to bands of mother plant. The present research reported here is indicating the applicability of tissue culture for true-to-type plant production and conservation of D. transperens.
Associations of pre-hospital statin treatment with in-hospital outcomes and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with first acute coronary syndrome-findings from the CCC-ACS project
Authors: Zhang Lisha , Zhang Yan , Chu Chao , Deng Fuxue , Zhou Juan , Yuan Zuyi
Published: January 2023

Background

The current burden of dyslipidemia, the pre-hospital application of statins and the association of pre-hospital statins with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and in-hospital outcomes in Chinese patients with first acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are very significant and remain unclear.

Methods

A total of 41,183 patients who underwent coronary angiography and were diagnosed with ACS for the first time from a nationwide registry study (CCC-ACS) were enrolled. The severity of CAD was assessed using the CAD prognostic index (CADPI). The patients were classified into statin and non-statin groups according to their pre-hospital statin treatment status. Clinical characteristics, CADPI and in-hospital outcomes were compared, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether pre-hospital statin therapy is associated with in-hospital outcomes and CADPI. A sensitivity analysis was used to further explore the issues above.

Results

The non-statin group had more in-hospital all-cause deaths (1.2 vs. 0.8%, P = 0.010). However, no association exists between statin pretreatment and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) or all-cause deaths in the entire population and subgroups (all P > 0.05). Surprisingly, statin pretreatment was associated with an 8.9% higher risk of severely obstructive CAD (CADPI ≥ 37) (OR, 1.089; 95% CI, 1.010–1.175, P = 0.028), and similar results were observed in subgroups of females, those aged 50 to 75 years, and patients with hypertension.

Conclusion

Statin pretreatment was not related to MACEs or all-cause death during hospital stay, but it was associated with a higher risk of increased angiographic severity in patients with first ACS.
Transcatheter mitral valve replacement versus redo surgery for mitral prosthesis failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Jiawei , Li Yuehuan , Chen Zhang , Zhang Haibo
Published: January 2023

Background

Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) has emerged as an alternative to redo surgery. TMVR compared with redo surgical mitral valve replacement (SMVR) in patients with mitral prosthesis failure remains limited. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the outcomes of TMVR (including valve-in-valve and valve-in-ring) versus redo surgery for mitral prosthesis failure.

Methods

We comprehensively searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then we extracted data. We compared the outcomes of TMVR and redo SMVR for mitral prosthesis failure in terms of the in-hospital mortality, stroke, renal dysfunction, vascular complication, pacemaker implantation, exploration for bleeding, paravalvular leak, mean mitral valve gradient, 30-day mortality, and 1-year mortality.

Results

Nine retrospective cohort studies and a total of 3,038 patients were included in this analysis. Compared with redo SMVR for mitral prosthesis failure, TMVR was associated with lower in-hospital mortality [odds ratios (OR): 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30–0.64; P < 0.001], stroke (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.29–0.67; P = 0.0001), renal dysfunction (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.37–0.75; P = 0.0003), vascular complication (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.43–0.78; P = 0.004), pacemaker implantation (OR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.15–0.36; P < 0.00001), and exploration for bleeding (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.06–0.96; P = 0.04). Conversely, redo SMVR had lower paravalvular leak (OR: 22.12; 95% CI: 2.81–174.16; P = 0.003). There was no difference in mean mitral valve gradient (MD: 0.04; 95% CI: −0.47 to 0.55; P = 0.87), 30-day mortality (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.36–1.17; P = 0.15), and 1-year mortality (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.63–1.45; P = 0.84).

Conclusion

In patients with mitral prosthesis failure, TMVR is associated with lower in-hospital mortality and lower occurrence of postoperative complications, except for paravalvular leak. TMVR offers a viable alternative to the conventional redo surgery in selected patients.
Home blood pressure measurement for hypertension management in the real world: Do not just measure, but share with your physician
Authors: Rhee Moo-Yong , Munakata Masanori , Nah Deuk-Young , Kim Je Sang , Kim Hae-Young
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Studies of the effectiveness of home blood pressure (BP) measurement on the treatment of hypertension in the real world are sparse, and the results are controversial. There is an efficacy-effectiveness gap in the treatment of hypertension using home BP measurements. We aimed to investigate the effect of reporting home BP to physicians on ambulatory BP control as a factor contributing to the efficacy-effectiveness gap in treating patients with hypertension.

Methods

We recruited patients ≥20 years of age taking antihypertensive drugs. Office and 24-h ambulatory BP were measured. A questionnaire to the measurement of home BP was conducted. Participants were divided into an HBPM(−) group, home BP was not measured (n = 467); HBPM(+)-R(−) group, home BP was measured but not reported (n = 81); and HBPM(+)-R(+) group, home BP was measured and reported (n = 125).

Results

The HBPM(+)-R(+) group had significantly lower office systolic BP (SBP, p = 0.035), 24-h SBP (p = 0.009), and daytime SBP (p = 0.016) than the HBPM(−) group, and lower nighttime SBP (p = 0.005) and diastolic BP (DBP, p = 0.008) than the HBPM(+)-R(−) group. In the multivariate analysis, the differences in 24-h SBP, daytime SBP, and nighttime DBP remained significant. There was a significant difference between groups in the target achievement rate of 24-h SBP (p = 0.046), nighttime SBP (p = 0.021), and nighttime DBP (p = 0.023). The nighttime SBP and DBP target achievement rates in the HBPM(+)-R(+) group were higher than those in the HBPM(+)-R(−) group (p = 0.006 and 0.010, respectively). Among patients measuring home BP, the adjusted odds ratio for 24-h and nighttime BP target achievement in the HBPM(+)-R(+) group were 2.233 and 3.658, respectively.

Conclusion

Home BP measurements should be reported to the treating physician to effectively manage hypertension.

Clinical trial registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03868384.
A review of possible mechanisms for mercury migration in diagenesis: Clay to pyrite
Authors: Xu Huan , Ran Bo , Liu Shugen , Sun Tong , Luo Chao , Li Yi , Zhu Yiqing
Published: January 2023

Though sedimentary mercury in marine sediments has been regarded as a geological indicator of volcanic activity based on volcanism activity is the dominant natural source of Hg to the oceans, the influence of diagenesis on mercury cannot be dismissed. Marine mudstone has been selected to explore the migration of mercury from the syn-sedimentary stage to the diagenetic stage in this review. Marine mudstones undergo a series of significant transformation processes, including the illitization of smectite and the formation of framboidal pyrite aggregates during the diagenetic stage. This process makes the adsorption capacity of minerals change significantly that clay minerals are weakened, while pyrites are enhanced. In this reason, it is inferred that the sedimentary mercury may re-migrate from clay minerals to pyrite. This at least means that the indication of volcanic activity by mercury enrichment in marine mudstone need to be re-evaluated.
Research on cemented artificial pillars to replace protective inter-block coal pillars and stope failure laws
Authors: Che Chiyuan , Cao Shenggen , Zhao Changzheng , Du Shuyu , Li Jiang , Liu Yang
Published: January 2023

Replacing protective inter-block coal pillars (PICPs) with cemented artificial pillars is proposed here to address low coal recovery rates. The use of cemented artificial pillars also reduces resource waste when PICPs are used in the short-wall block mining (SBM) process. A coal mine test area in northern Shaanxi, China, was employed as the study site. Artificial pillar replacement techniques were developed based on the layout characteristics of a typical SBM workface. High-strength cemented backfill materials for artificial pillars were manufactured using innovative material ratio testing, and the optimum ratios for backfill materials are discussed. A cusp catastrophe model of an artificial pillar was then developed and used to deduce the conditions and critical widths necessary to generate catastrophic instability of an artificial pillar. This theoretical analysis was validated using FLAC3D simulations. Using the test site conditions, the simulations revealed that when an artificial pillar had a width of 14 m, the destruction of the pillar and associated stope was gradual and would not cause catastrophic instability. Field monitoring performed at the test site verified the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results, confirming that it was feasible to replace PICPs with cemented artificial pillars.
Imprints of tropical cyclone on three-dimensional structural characteristics of mesoscale oceanic eddies
Authors: Zhang Zheliang , Zheng Yunxia , Li Hao
Published: January 2023

The impact of tropical cyclones (TCs) on the three-dimensional characteristics of mesoscale oceanic eddies is investigated in this study on the basis of statistical analysis by satellite-based eddy information and Argo data. By comparing the three-dimensional structure of the temperature, salinity, and geostrophic velocity in the upper ocean above 1,000 m depth, it was found that there is a heat pump effect in the changes of eddy structure similar to that in tropical cyclones. Under the forcing of TC, the abnormal signals in the strong cold core (warm core) structure originally existing in the upper layer of the cyclonic eddy (anticyclonic eddy) are transmitted to the middle and lower layers of the eddy and form retention, making the eddy structure not recover to the original state in a short period of time. To a certain extent, this shows that the influence of TC on the eddy structure is not limited to the ocean surface. At the same time, the change of barrier layer in the eddy is explored, and it was found that the barrier layer thickness in both cyclonic eddy and anticyclonic eddy has increased, which also confirms the previous research.
Prediction method of shield tunneling parameters in pebble stratum formed by weathered granite and quartzite
Authors: Wang Meiyan , Zhao Dajun , Lv Yan , Wang Wei , Wang Xing
Published: January 2023

The pebble formation formed by weathered quartzite and granite is usually of high strength, strong permeability and poor self stability, which brings great difficulties to shield tunneling. It is necessary to adjust the tunneling parameters at any time to prevent the consequences of instability of the tunnel face, loss of stratum and surface settlement caused by the imbalance of the soil bin pressure. GA algorithm is embedded into PSO algorithm for parameter optimization, and grey theory is combined to establish the prediction model of soil chamber pressure based on grey least square support vector machine, which can solve the problem of difficult control of tunneling parameters in pebble stratum formed by weathered quartzite and granite. Research indicates: GA-PSO-GLSSVM chamber Earth pressure prediction model enhances the EPB chamber Earth pressure forecast accuracy in complicated strata by integrating the global search capability of the GA algorithm, the quick convergence of the PSO algorithm, and the anti-disturbance capability of the GM model. The GA-PSO-GLSSVM model has high goodness-of-fit and accuracy compared with other prediction models. This model can successfully prevent the a series of undesirable consequences such as destabilization of the palm surface, missing strata and settlement due to ground surface due to pressure imbalance in the soil chamber pressure. The research results can provide reference for EPB shield tunneling parameter control in Grade V surrounding rock.
The impact mechanism of China’s carbon emission trading policy on industrial energy efficiency under multiple innovation approaches
Authors: Li Jinqiu , Huang Dechun
Published: January 2023

Under the “dual carbon” background, carbon emission trading policy, as an important means of environmental regulation for energy conservation, emission reduction and green development, has a very important impact on energy efficiency. We take China’s pilot carbon trading policy, which began in 2013, as an example, and the energy efficiency of industrial enterprises from 2008 to 2019 as a study sample. In this paper, the single factor industrial energy efficiency (ISE) and the green total factor industrial energy efficiency (IGTE) in China are both included in the influence category of carbon emission trading. The SUPER-EBM method is used to measure IGTE. The direct effects of carbon emission trading policy on the two types of industrial energy efficiency are investigated by Difference-in-difference model combined with stepwise regression method. The dynamic effects are studied by event study method. In order to verify how the “Porter effect” plays a role in this process, this paper examines the influence paths of five important innovation-related intermediate mechanisms. The study find that after a series of robustness tests, such as parallel trend test, placebo test, changing the time window frame and adding control variables, carbon emission trading policy significantly improved the two energy efficiency. The effect of carbon trading policy gradually increased and reached its maximum in the fifth year, but then began to decline. Under multiple innovation approaches, innovation environment level and innovation protection intensity can significantly improve the two energy efficiency. Green innovation intensity and breakthrough innovation intensity improved ISE. The overall level of enterprise innovation improved IGTE. Heterogeneity analysis shows that carbon trading policy has a greater impact on the eastern region, but a smaller impact on the central and western regions. This paper provides differentiated policy inspiration for the overall promotion of China’s national carbon market in the future.
Development and research trends of a polypropylene material in electrical engineering: A bibliometric mapping analysis and systematical review
Authors: Duan Yubing , Zhao Yonggui , Ma Guoqing , Sun Xiaobin , Zhang Hao , Liu Wenbo
Published: January 2023

In order to explore the development and research trends of polypropylene (PP) in electrical engineering, the research literature is quantitatively analyzed using a bibliometric method with the VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. First, the research literature about PP material in electrical engineering applications is collected, from 1990 to 2022. Then, by analyzing the keyword co-occurrence, keyword co-occurrence timezone, author cooperation network, and national cooperation network, the research hotspots of the PP field and its time evolutionary path and development direction are introduced. It is found that the nano-modification, mechanical, and electrical properties are the most popular research hotspots in this field. Most research studies were completed by few specific researchers. A stable cooperative group has not been formed in this field yet, indicating the necessity of further integration. Most articles about PP were published in dielectric and material journals. It is suggested that more open access journals are required to popularize the existing research results among the public and to promote the development of PP. Although the most published country is China, the United States publishes the most cited papers on average.
Optimization of building microgrid energy system based on virtual energy storage
Authors: Lv Guangxian , Ji Yu , Zhang Ying , Wang Wenbo , Zhang Jie , Chen Jikai , Nie Yonghui
Published: January 2023

With the continuous development of building microgrids, it is crucial to explore and study the energy-saving potential of buildings to resolve energy shortages and environmental protection problems. Therefore, to realize the efficient and economical operation of a building microgrid, a new multi-objective optimization method is proposed for the planning and operation of building microgrid considering virtual energy storage. First, virtual energy storage model of the building microgrid is established based on the heat storage characteristics of the building itself. Second, a multi-objective optimization model of the building microgrid considering virtual energy storage is constructed by considering the investment cost and the comprehensive operation benefits as the objectives as well as the constraints of cooling, heating, power balance. Finally, based on the original gray wolf swarm algorithm, the niche processing mechanism and gray weighted correlation method are introduced to optimize the configuration and operation of the building microgrid. For a typical building microgrid in summer and winter, the simulation results reveal that the proposed method improves the overall economy of planning the building microgrid system and its operation and user experience via virtual energy charge and discharge management.
RETRACTED: A dynamic relationship between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions: Evidence from Asian emerging economies
Authors: Zhang Taiming , Yin Jiemin , Li Zhenghao , Jin Yitong , Ali Arshad , Jiang Bin
Published: January 2023

This study aims to explore the relationship between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth in China, India, Bangladesh, Japan, South Korea and Singapore using panel Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimation techniques over the period 1975–2020. The results of the analysis show that renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, employed labor force, and capital formation contribute significantly to long-run economic growth. The study also found that non-renewable energy consumption significantly increased long-term carbon emissions, while renewable energy consumption significantly reduced long-term carbon emissions. GDP and GDP3 have a significant positive impact on environmental degradation, while GDP2 has a significant negative impact on environmental degradation, thereby validating the N-type EKC hypothesis in selected emerging economies. The countrywise AMG strategy records no EKC in India and Bangladesh, an inverted U-shaped EKC in China and Singapore, and an N-shaped EKC in Japan and South Korea. Empirical evidence from the Dumitrescue-Hurlin (2012) panel causality test shows that there is a two-way causality between renewable energy consumption and economic growth, supporting the feedback hypothesis. Strategically, empirical evidence suggests that higher renewable energy is a viable strategy for addressing energy security and reducing carbon emissions to protect the environment and promote future economic growth in selected Asian countries.
Constructing futures, enhancing solutions: Stakeholder-driven scenario development and system modeling for climate-change challenges
Authors: Williams Paula , Kliskey Andrew Anaru , Cronan Daniel , Trammell E. Jamie , de Haro-Martí Mario E. , Wilson Jayde
Published: January 2023

Finding effective and practical solutions to climate change challenges in food-energy-water systems requires the integration of experts in local/regional social and biophysical systems, and these are commonly local community members. In the Magic Valley, Idaho we investigated the tensions between water used for energy and to irrigate cropland for food production, as well as, strategies for protecting water quantity and quality. Incorporating stakeholders with long-standing expertise allows the development of solutions to these challenges that are locally and regionally practical and consistent with the values of the social system into which they are incorporated. We describe a stakeholder-driven process used in a case study in the Magic Valley that incorporated local experts to develop plausible future scenarios, identify drivers of change, vet impact and hydrological modeling and map areas of change. The process described allowed stakeholders to envision alternative futures in their region, leading to development of enhanced context and place-based solutions and an anticipated time line for adoption of those solutions. The solutions developed by the stakeholders have been applied across many geographic areas. The described process can also be applied across a broad range of geographic levels. Most importantly, stakeholders should be involved in anticipating solutions and solution timing to the differing challenges posed by each scenario.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigens induce cellular immune responses in cattle without causing reactivity to tuberculin in the tuberculosis skin test
Authors: Gupta Sandeep K. , Wilson Tania , Maclean Paul H. , Rehm Bernd H. A. , Heiser Axel , Buddle Bryce M. , Wedlock D. Neil
Published: January 2023

Mycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis(MAP) causes chronic progressive granulomatous enteritis leading to diarrhea, weight-loss, and eventual death in ruminants. Commercially available vaccine provides only partial protection against MAP infection and can interfere with the use of current diagnostic tests for bovine tuberculosis in cattle. Here, we characterized immune responses in calves to vaccines containing four truncated MAP antigens as a fusion (Ag85A202-347-SOD1-72-Ag85B173-330-74F1-148+669-786), either displayed on protein particles, or expressed as a soluble recombinant MAP (rMAP) fusion protein as well as to commercially available Silirum®vaccine. The rMAP fusion protein elicited the strongest antigen-specific antibody responses to both PPDA and recombinant antigen and strong and long-lasting T-cell immune responses to these antigens, as indicated by increased production of IFN-γ and IL-17A in antigen-stimulated whole blood cultures. The MAP fusion protein particle vaccine induced minimal antibody responses and weak IFN-γ responses but stimulated IL-17A responses to recombinant antigen. The immune response profile of Silirum®vaccine was characterized by weak antibodies and strong IFN-γ and IL-17A responses to PPDA. Transcription analysis on antigen-stimulated leukocytes from cattle vaccinated with rMAP fusion protein showed differential expression of several immune response genes and genes involved in costimulatory signaling,TLR4,TLR2,PTX3,PTGS2,PD-L1,IL1B,IL2,IL6,IL12B,IL17A,IL22,IFNG,CD40, andCD86. Moreover, the expression of several genes of immune pathways correlated with cellular immune responses in the rMAP fusion protein vaccinated group. These genes have key roles in pathways of mycobacterial immunity, including autophagy, manipulation of macrophage-mediated killing, Th17- and regulatory T cells- (Treg) mediated responses. Calves vaccinated with either the rMAP fusion protein or MAP fusion protein particle vaccine did not induce reactivity to PPDA and PPDB in a comparative cervical skin test, whereas Silirum®induced reactivity to these tuberculins in most of the vaccinated animals. Overall, our results suggest that a combination of recombinant MAP antigens in the form of a soluble fusion protein vaccine are capable of inducing strong antigen-specific humoral and a balanced Th1/Th17-cell immune response. These findings, together with the absence of reactivity to tuberculin, suggest this subunit vaccine could provide protective immunity against intracellular MAP infection in cattle without compromising the use of current bovine tuberculosis surveillance test.