bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cassia angustifolia Vahl. Leaves: Determination of Total Phenolic and Sennoside Contents of Different Fractions in Comparison with Their α- Glucosidase and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Effects
Authors: Morid Ahmadi Dina , Mojtabavi Somayeh , Ghadami Shima , Eftekhari Mahdieh , Shams Ardekani Mohammad Reza , Faramarzi Mohammad Ali , Khanavi Mahnaz
Published: March 2024

Background: Cassia angustifolia Vahl. (Senna) is a medicinal plant containing anthraquinone compounds such as sennoside. Senna is primarily valued for its laxative properties. In Persian medicine, this plant has been also used to treat various disorders such as diabetes and skin hyperpigmentation. Previous studies have shown that different species of senna, such as C. articulata, C. alata, C. Siamea, C. Surattensis inhibit alpha-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. To the best of our knowledge, no previous evidence is available on tyrosinase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of the extract and different fractions of C. angustifolia leaves. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of the methanol-water extract and different fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and remaining crude extract) of senna against tyrosinase and α-glucosidase and to investigate their total phenolic and sennoside B contents. Results: Our findings depicted that the methanol-water extract and fractions had no significant anti-tyrosinase activity; however, some fractions were active toward α-glucosidase. The hexane fraction and the remaining crude extract demonstrated the highest inhibition on α-glucosidase compared to acarbose (positive control). In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction contains high phenolic and hydroxy anthraquinone derivatives based on the amount of sennoside B contents equivalent to 382.25 μg/mL of gallic acid and 1.525% of sennoside B, respectively. Moreover, no correlation was observed between the phenolic and sennoside contents of different fractions and their α-glucosidase inhibitory effect. Conclusions: Considering the α-glucosidase inhibition results, the hexane fraction of C. angustifolia can be a valuable fraction for in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic studies as well as further phytochemical studies. Further studies to identify the active substances and the exact mechanism of the bioactive ingredients on the inhibitory effects of α-glucosidase can provide promising results in the future.
Insulin Ameliorates Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Animal Model of Brain Aging by a Decrease of GFAP Expression and Apoptosis Inhibition
Authors: Eslahi Parnian , Tofighi Zavareh Mohammad Amin , Kargar Godaneh Mohammadhosssein , Aliaghaei Abbas , Ali Asghari Mohammad , Payvandi Ali Asghar , Younesi Ali , Gheibi Mohammad Mahdi , Sabbagh Alvani Mohammadamin , Fadaei Fatabadi Fatemeh , Mohammadhosein Ali , Omidvari Samareh , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin , Abbaszadeh Hojjat Allah
Published: March 2024

Background: Aging is one of the factors that will cause gradual changes in brain tissue and its destruction. One of the protective factors against aging is insulin. Objectives: Our study investigated insulin's neuroprotective effect by preventing oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage. Methods: A total of 48 adult male NMRI (the Naval Medical Research Institute) mice were divided into 2 groups: Control and insulin. Insulin was administered intraperitoneally (IP) for 8 weeks to the control group and for 12 weeks to the insulin group. In this study, animals were treated with insulin, and insulin's role in the aging process was evaluated. Then, brain tissue was extracted for evaluation of oxidative stress by assessment of glutathione disulfide (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as a biomarker for astrogliosis, stereological study, and the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique evaluated the level of apoptosis biomarker. Results: The results of stereological parameters show that the volumes of the brain cortex and the number of neurons improved in the insulin group by aging as compared to the control group. The results of real-time PCR showed that the expression level of apoptotic markers decreased in the insulin group compared to the control group. In the insulin group, GSH levels were higher than in the control group, and the control group produced more ROS than the insulin group. As compared with insulin, the control group expressed more GFAP protein and increased the number of glial cells by aging. Conclusions: The results showed that insulin could have neuroprotective effects against aging changes and reduce apoptosis and cell death.
In vitro Effects of Propofol and Bupivacaine on Pregnant Women’s Plasma Cholinesterase Activity and Malondialdehyde Level
Authors: Karam Rozheen Shukri , Mohammad Fouad Kasim
Published: March 2024

Background: Propofol and bupivacaine are commonly used anesthetics for cesarean section (CS), and they might modulate plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity and oxidative stress during the last stage of pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the in vitro effects of propofol and bupivacaine on plasma ChE activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in pregnant women before undergoing elective CS. Methods: The plasma samples of 20 women set for elective CS were pooled for the in vitro determination of the effects of propofol and bupivacaine separately on plasma ChE activity (10 minutes of incubation with different concentrations at 37ºC) and the MDA level after the in vitro exposure of plasma samples containing different anesthetic concentrations to H2O2 (100 µM, incubated for 1 hour at 37ºC). Results: Bupivacaine at 1.1 and 2.2 µM significantly inhibited plasma ChE in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner by 13% and 20%, respectively. Propofol at 25 and 50 µM did not affect plasma ChE. A unique finding in this study was that both propofol and bupivacaine revealed an antioxidant effect, as both propofol at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 µM and bupivacaine at 1.1, 2.2, and 4.4 µM reduced the MDA level in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro after the incubation of plasma samples with H2O2 as a source of oxidant. Conclusions: The in vitro findings suggest that bupivacaine exerts anti-ChE activity that should be taken into consideration in CS anesthesia, and both propofol and bupivacaine possess antioxidant properties that need additional clinical studies.
Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease Case with Sever Acute Kidney Injury in Activities Beyond the Usual: An Unusual Presentation of the Disease
Authors: Saddadi Fereshteh , Elahi Fateme , Ghaffari Azin
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is associated with multiple gene mutations and is recognized under various names, including medullary cystic kidney disease type 2, familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy, uromodulin-associated kidney disease, and medullary cystic kidney disease type 2. A comprehensive understanding of these rare disorders can shed light on the pattern of tubulointerstitial fibrosis observed in various forms of chronic kidney disease. Case Presentation: Here, a case of a patient is presented who experienced acute kidney injury (AKI) following severe physical activity and an atypical manifestation of this genetic disorder. Typically, ADTKD leads to a gradual loss of kidney function, but the patient presented with AKI. The patient's renal function returned to normal following appropriate therapy. The patient's brother had a similar history of renal disease following physical activities, prompting suspicion of a shared genetic disorder. Conclusions: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted, and the results revealed the presence of the mucin 1 (MUC1) mutation, confirming the diagnosis of ADTKD. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of genetic disorders and utilizing advanced genetic studies for accurate diagnosis and management.
The Need for Re-evaluating the Potato Chips Production Process in Iranian Factories to Minimize the Acrylamide Level: A Health Policy Brief
Authors: Sharafi Kiomars , Kiani Amir , Khalid Omer Abdullah , Parnoon Kimya , Massahi Tooraj
Published: March 2024

Background: Acrylamide (AA), a potential carcinogen in high-temperature processed foods like potato chips, raises significant health concerns. Studies have shown that exposure to AA is related to cancer and neurological disorders. Objectives: This research aimed to present a “health policy brief" for policymakers and healthcare authorities in Iran about the criticality of reassessing potato chip manufacturing processes to reduce AA levels and ensure consumer safety. Methods: Relevant studies were reviewed from various databases to support our arguments. Results: Studies conducted in Iran have indicated a high AA concentration in Iranian potato chips, with a concerning risk index for children, necessitating stricter regulations and production process modifications. Conclusions: Modifications like temperature control, pre-treatment methods, alternative frying media, and consumer awareness campaigns to minimize AA formation and promote public health were proposed. These items, coupled with research on asparagine reduction in potatoes grown in Iran, can help establish Iran as a leader in producing safer potato chips.
Importance of Rigorous and Ongoing Monitoring of Animal Feed Quality and Storage Conditions to Mitigate Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Dairy Products in Iran: A Health Policy Brief
Authors: Sharafi Kiomars , Kiani Amir , Khalid Omer Abdullah , Parnoon Kimya , Massahi Tooraj
Published: March 2024

Background: Milk and dairy products are essential for global nutrition, and ensuring their safety is crucial. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a carcinogen from contaminated animal feed, poses a significant threat to consumers. Objectives: This “health policy brief" highlights the critical need for meticulous and constant monitoring of Iran's animal feed quality and storage conditions to minimize AFM1 contamination in dairy products. Methods: Comprehensive review papers on AFM1 were reviewed in Iranian dairy products, drawing evidence from various databases. Results: The prevalence of AFM1 contamination in Iranian dairy products, particularly risky for children due to extensive consumption, exceeds safety limits, with livestock feed identified as the primary source. Public health demands rigorous monitoring practices, such as stricter feed quality and storage regulations, regular AFM1 testing, stakeholder collaboration, and public awareness. There are many benefits associated with these measures, including lowering AFM1 levels in dairy products, improving food safety standards, minimizing AFM1 exposure risks, especially for children, and increasing consumer confidence in the integrity of the Iranian dairy industry. Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of animal feed is crucial to safeguard public health and ensure the safety of Iranian dairy products, particularly for children. This comprehensive approach, collaboration, and public awareness are vital to mitigating AFM1 contamination and promoting Iran's safe and robust dairy industry.
Cancer Screening Benefits Maximization Using Markov Decision Process Models: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohamadkhani Naser , Hadian Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Context: Due to the chronic nature of cancer, screening programs were a set of sequential decisions taken over time. Markov decision process (MDP) and partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) models were the mathematical tools applied in studies, including sequential decision-making such as screening protocols for medical decision-making. Objectives: The main goal of this study was to investigate optimal policy for cancer screening using MDP and POMDP models. Methods: We performed a review of articles published within July 2000 to November 2022 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The stopping age, the type of optimal strategy, the benefits of the optimal policy, and the relationship between age and risk threshold were extracted. Studies that did not use MDPs and POMDPs as the mathematical maximization models in cancer screening, review articles, editorials or commentaries, non-English articles, and those that did not focus on optimization were excluded. Results: From 532 articles, 6 studies met the study criteria. All studies suggested that the optimal policy was control-limit, and the cancer risk threshold was a non-decreasing function of age. Three studies specified a stopping age for cancer screening. In five studies, the optimal policies outperformed the guidelines or no screening strategy. Conclusions: Two essential factors in screening decisions were cancer risk and age, which were individual variables. The control-limit policy included these factors in decision-making for cancer screening. These policies highlighted personalized screening and showed that this type of screening could outperform cancer screening guidelines regarding economic and clinical benefits.
Effects of Aerobic Interval Training Along with Ginkgo biloba Supplementation on Passive Avoidance Memory and GDNF Gene Expression in Alzheimer Rats
Authors: Basirat Dehkordi Sepideh , Mogharnasi Mehdi , Vahidian-Rezazadeh Majid , Saravani Mohsen
Published: March 2024

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most prevalent form of dementia, characterized by memory loss, and is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative condition. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the impact of aerobic interval training (AIT) combined with Ginkgo biloba (GB) supplementation on passive avoidance memory function and the expression of the glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene in rats afflicted with AD. Methods: A total of forty-four male Wistar rats, each weighing approximately 250 ± 20 g, were maintained in a controlled environment at a specified temperature. Over 8 weeks (5 days per week), they underwent AIT and received GB supplements at a dosage of 100 mg/kg. The rats were randomly assigned into six groups: Healthy control (HC) with 7 rats, AD control (AC) with 8 rats, amyloid-β (Aβ) injection plus GB supplement (Aβ + GB) with 8 rats, Aβ injection plus GB supplement plus AIT (Aβ + GB + AIT) with 8 rats, Aβ injection plus AIT (Aβ + AIT) with 8 rats, and sham surgery (SS) with 5 rats. The shuttlebox apparatus was utilized to assess the effect of Aβ on passive avoidance memory and to confirm disease induction. GDNF gene expression was measured using the qRT-PCR method. Results: The study found significant improvements in passive avoidance memory in the Aβ + AIT and Aβ + GB + AIT groups compared to the AC group after 8 weeks of AIT and GB supplementation (P = 0.02 and P = 0.000, respectively). Long-term memory performance was notably enhanced in the Aβ + GB + AIT group (P = 0.000). Additionally, GDNF expression significantly increased in the Aβ + GB + AIT and Aβ + GB groups in comparison to the AC group (P = 0.000 and P = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: A synergistic effect of AIT and GB supplementation was observed, leading to an increase in GDNF gene expression and improvements in both passive avoidance memory and long-term memory in male rats with AD.
A Relationship Between Human Microbiota and Diabetes and Effective Strategies Influencing the Features of Gut Microbiota
Authors: Eslami Majid , Tabatabaee Fateme Sadat , Hemmati Maryam , Abbasi Ferdos , Babaeizad Ali , Yousefi Bahman
Published: March 2024

: The human body provides an environment in which trillions of microorganisms called “microbiome” exist. The diversity, composition, and function of these organisms depend on their body sites. The gut microbiota, a dense microbial community in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is thought to contain 100 times more genes than the human genome. Therefore, there should be a significant bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota and the human body. Normal gut microbiota performs several functions, keeping our body in a balanced situation, including immune system training, well-digesting nutrients, modulating the gut barrier, and producing essential molecules, such as neurotransmitters, hormones, and vitamins. Diabetes mellitus, a growing crisis, has involved many individuals in different age groups all around the world and has been significantly affected by these GI inhabitants' dysbiosis. Since some determining factors causing changes in the profile of gut microbiota are prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics, there have been considered a novel strategy for balancing these microorganisms and yet preventing metabolic diseases, one of which is diabetes. Scrutinizing the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, old methods of treating diabetes, such as acarbose, repaglinide, insulin pump therapy (IPT), and multiple daily injections (MDI) therapy, have been studied and optimized to be patient-based, resulting in a better yet effective treatment. In this review, key elements affecting the profile of gut microbiota, the etiology of diabetes, and the connection between human microbiota and diabetes, different indications of old and new strategies, and a few clinical types of research on changes occurring in diabetic patients in comparison to non-diabetic individuals have been elucidated.
Determinants of the Health-Promoting Behaviors Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Non-communicable Diseases During the Post-Covid-19 Era
Authors: Suksatan Wanich , Teravecharoenchai Supat , Sarayuthpitak Jintana
Published: March 2024

Background: While research has explored the health-promoting behaviors (HPBs) of older adults on a global scale during the first and second waves of COVID-19, there is limited knowledge about the factors that influence HPBs among older adults with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the "new normal" following the COVID-19 era. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the factors that affect HPBs among community-dwelling older adults with NCDs. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved surveying 250 older adults with NCDs in both urban and rural communities within Ubon Ratchathani province, northeast Thailand, between September 10 and November 10, 2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, which included the Self-rated Abilities Scale for Health Practice, Health Literacy Scale, Access to COVID-19 Preventive Material, Lubben Social Network Scale, and Health-Promoting Behaviors Scale. The analysis utilized descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analysis, setting the significance level at P < 0.05 for all analyses. Results: Among the 250 older adults with NCDs surveyed, 65.60% had hypertension. These individuals demonstrated HPBs at a good level, along with a high level of perceived self-efficacy, good health literacy, adequate access to COVID-19 preventive materials, and greater social engagement. The analysis indicated that perceived self-efficacy (β = 0.343, P < 0.001), attitudes towards smoking (β = 0.226, P < 0.001), age (β = 0.204, P < 0.001), health literacy (β = 0.199, P = 0.016), and access to COVID-19 preventive materials (β = 0.123, P = 0.026) were significant predictors of HPBs in older adults with NCDs. Conclusions: The results suggest that improved access to COVID-19 preventive materials, enhanced health literacy, and increased self-efficacy contribute to better health-promoting behaviors among older adults with NCDs. Multidisciplinary healthcare teams should consider these factors in their intervention strategies to achieve a deeper understanding and better health outcomes. Future research should investigate the causal relationships among these variables and examine older adults’ perceptions of HPBs in long-term care settings, particularly in the "new normal" era.
O PLANO DE BAIRRO DO JARDIM LAPENA. O Plano de Bairro e a iniciativa Pacto pelas Cidades Justas no Lapena
Authors: Getlinger Daniela , Leite Carlos
Published: March 2024

This article aims to present the elaboration process of the Jardim Lapena Neighborhood Plan, the results obtained, and discuss the actions that aim at the continuity of the process of urban requalification, in the context of the Movimento Pacto pela Cidades Justas. What would be the next steps for the territorialization of the Neighborhood Plan is the question stated. The hypothesis sustained in this article is that the third sector, more than the public power, has the necessary flexibility to assume the role of promoting innovation in vulnerable territories, proposing situations and creative solutions that are tested and systematized before being presented to the public power.
 
Keywords: Neighborhood Plan; urban requalification; urban governance.

Este artigo objetiva apresentar o processo de elaboração do Plano de Bairro do Jardim Lapena, os resultados obtidos e discorrer sobre as ações que visam à continuidade do processo de requalificação urbana, no contexto do Movimento Pacto pela Cidades Justas. Quais seriam as próximas etapas para a territorialização do Plano de Bairro é a pergunta aqui colocada. A hipótese sustentada neste artigo é que o terceiro setor, mais do que o poder público, tem a flexibilidade necessária para assumir o papel de promover inovação nos territórios vulneráveis, propondo situações e soluções criativas que são testadas e sistematizadas antes de serem apresentadas ao poder público.
 
Palavras-chave: Plano de Bairro, requalificação urbana, governança urbana.
ESTUDO DA MORFOLOGIA URBANA DE UM BAIRRO-JARDIM Jardim São Bento, Casa Verde, São Paulo
Authors: Oliveira Luciana Monzillo , Oliveira Adriana Monzillo
Published: March 2024

The history of São Paulo presents significant gaps regarding the development of its neighborhoods, therefore, the objective of the text is to present the historiographical reading of Jardim São Bento, in the north zone of the municipality. The neighborhood is part of a set of allotments implemented in the first half of the 20th century, inspired by the precepts of the garden city and which were used as a means of attraction and residential settlement for a specific layer of the population, the São Paulo elite. The research methodology is based on historiography and makes use of two approaches that are close to the English school of urban morphology: the reconstitution of the historical context of the period of conformation of the urban fragment and the analysis of the urban form, contemplating the questions referring to the implantation in the urban land from the layout of roads and blocks, the division of lots and the occupation of buildings within the lots.
 
Keywords: urban morphology; garden district; Jardim São Bento; urban form.

A história de São Paulo apresenta lacunas significativas sobre o desenvolvimento de seus bairros, portanto, o objetivo do texto é apresentar a leitura historiográfica do Jardim São Bento, na zona norte do município. O bairro faz parte de um conjunto de loteamentos implantados na primeira metade do século XX, inspirados nos preceitos de cidade-jardim e que foram utilizados como meio de atração e assentamento residencial de uma camada específica da população, a elite paulistana. A metodologia de pesquisa é de base historiográfica e faz uso de duas abordagens que se aproximam da escola inglesa de morfologia urbana: a reconstituição do contexto histórico do período de conformação do fragmento urbano e a análise da forma urbana, contemplando as questões referentes à implantação no solo urbano a partir do traçado das vias e quadras, a divisão dos lotes e a ocupação das edificações dentro dos lotes.
Palavras chave: morfologia urbana, bairro-jardim, Jardim São Bento, forma urbana.
PERCEPÇÃO DA PAISAGEM DE PARQUES URBANOS: abordagem ensaística de busca pela estética e pela funcionalidade
Authors: Assis Teixeira Melissa , Peret Antunes Hardt Letícia , Hardt Carlos
Published: March 2024

Faced with the relevance of perceptual studies for the interpretation of citizens' satisfaction with the landscape of cities and the central problem of the tendency to design nonconformities in urbanized areas, the general objective of the research is to develop a perception essay on urban parks in Curitiba, Paraná, through diagnosis of aesthetic and functional aspects. With a quali-quantitative approach, applied nature and experimental focus, the investigation was based on methodological procedures linked to the interpretation of responses to an online questionnaire, composed of open and closed questions. As answers to the investigative question about what are the preferred form and function characteristics in nine parks in that city, the essayistic results on figurative-aesthetic and orientation-functional variables attest to the guiding hypothesis that some user preferences are not properly considered in the spatial conception, reinforcing the importance of compositional and utilitarian quality for the appropriation of these public spaces.

Diante da relevância de estudos perceptuais para a interpretação da satisfação dos cidadãos em relação à paisagem das cidades e da problemática central de tendência a desconformidades projetuais em áreas urbanizadas, o objetivo geral da pesquisa é desenvolver ensaio de percepção sobre parques urbanos em Curitiba, Paraná, por meio de diagnóstico de aspectos estéticos e funcionais. Com abordagem qualiquantitativa, natureza aplicada e enfoque experimental, a investigação foi baseada em procedimentos metodológicos vinculados à interpretação de devolutivas a questionário online, composto por questões abertas e fechadas. Como respostas à pergunta investigativa sobre quais são as características de forma e função preferidas em nove parques da capital paranaense, os resultados ensaísticos sobre variáveis figurativo-estéticas e orientativo-funcionais atestam a hipótese orientadora de que algumas preferências de usuários não são devidamente consideradas na concepção espacial, reforçando a importância da qualidade compositiva e utilitária para a apropriação desses espaços públicos.
Palavras-chave: projeto e espaço, qualidade e beleza, permanência e apropriação, sensação e segurança.
INOVAÇÕES IMOBILIÁRIAS E UM NOVO SONHO DA CASA PRÓPRIA: Caracterização da oferta residencial de aluguel na área central do Recife
Authors: Ludermir Bernardino Iana , Albuquerque de Andrade Alice , Claudino Sizenando Marques Gabriella
Published: March 2024

In Brazil, the desire of home ownership can be associated with the idea of securing family assets in face of adversity and being able to secure a place in the city and avoid evictions. The “dream of home ownership” is opposed to rental housing, historically associated with a transitory condition of legal instability and insecurity that must be overcome. Recently, new projects are being increasingly dedicated to produce rental housing units. The new developments are, from the launching point, associated with digital real estate intermediation platforms and begin to praise the freedom of rent, presenting “uncomplicated” and “unbureaucratic” alternatives to access housing. This process is also promoting the dissolution of the boundaries between housing and accommodation as we know. This work aims to present some new rental housing developments in the central area of Recife, a capital in Northeast Brasil.
Keywords: real state, downtown, housing development, rental housing

No Brasil, o anseio pela propriedade do imóvel residencial está associoado à segurança da posse e do patrimônio familiar frente às adversidades e à garantia de permanência no território. O sonho da “casa própria” se contrapões à moradia de aluguel, historicamente associada a uma condição de instabilidade jurídica, provisória, que deve ser superada. Recentemente, contudo, tem sido possível verificar processos de reformulação de estratégias de mercado, com a intensificação da produção de empreendimentos com unidades destinadas ao aluguel. Os novos empreendimentos se associam a plataformas digitais de intermediação imobiliária e passam a enaltecer a liberdade do aluguel, apresentando alternativas “descomplicadas” e “desburocratizadas” de acesso à moradia que dissolvem as antigas fronteiras entre moradia e hospedagem. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar alguns empreendimentos que caracterizam essa nova oferta de unidades residenciais de aluguel na área central do Recife, que pode ser definida como uma fronteira de valorização imobiliária.
Palavras-chave: área central, mercado imobiliário, empreendimentos, aluguel
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Inovasi Pertanian Terpadu di Pulau Kemaro Kota Palembang
Authors: Junaidi Yulian , Wulan Sari Dwi , Kholek Abdul
Published: March 2024

Terletak pada potensi besar pulau ini dalam pertanian, namun terkendala oleh keterbatasan sumber daya dan teknologi. Inovasi pertanian terpadu menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani dan produktivitas pertanian. Melalui pendekatan ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi pertanian, mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan kimia, serta meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dan ekonomi lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat yang efektif dan dapat dijadikan acuan bagi pengambil kebijakan dan stakeholders terkait. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis program pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan penerapan sistem pertanian terpadu dan keterlibatan stakeholder dalam implementasi program secara partisipatif. Penentuan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive  dengan pertimbangan bahwa lokasi tersebut merupakan lahan sub-optimal yang sebagian besar masyarakat masih berada dibawah garis kemiskinan. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan cara wawancara kuisioner kepada responden yang dipilih secara acak sebanyak 30 orang dan indepth interview kepada berbagai stakeholder. Sedangkan data sekunder dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan dokumen dan penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Inovasi Sosial yang diimplementasikan pada program pemberdayaan masyarakat berupa Integrasi Keramba Jaring Apung dan Energi Terbarukan, Pertanian Terpadu Zero Waste dan Pertanian Hidroponik.  Ketiga inovasi tersebut memanfaatkan lahan sub-optimal berupa lahan rawa pasang surut, lahan pekarangan dan aliran sungai. Untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat dilakukan workshop dan training mengenai pertanian terpadu, pembuatan pupuk dan pestisida organik, pembuatan pakan, pengolahan hasil dan pemasaran. Stakeholder yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pengembangan masyarakat diantaranya sektor swasta, akademisi, pemerintah, Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat dan media massa. Dukungan multipihak pentahelix ini telah memberikan manfaat sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan sebagai modal kemandirian dan keberlanjutan bagi masyarakat rentan.
Islamic Education Perspective of Mahmud Yunus
Authors: Ilham Abdul Jalil
Published: March 2024

The thinking of Islamic education in the perspective of Mahmud Yunus is a holistic and innovative approach that emphasizes the integration between Islamic teachings and modern knowledge, character building, inclusivity, and the use of participating teaching methods.  The contribution of Mahmud Yunus' thought in the field of Islamic education has not only had an impact at the conceptual level, but also seen in its implementation in modern pesantren educational institutions in Indonesia. Many of the holistic and innovative principles he proposes have been applied successfully, helping to shape Islamic education that fits the demands of the times and the needs of the Indonesian people. The goal of Islamic education is to create Muslim individuals who are strong in faith, have noble character, are knowledgeable, and have practical world skills. Mahmud Yunus also championed an Islamic education curriculum that unites religious knowledge and general science, as well as integrated Arabic language teaching. His thinking influenced modern pesantren educational institutions in Indonesia in developing holistic and modern Islamic education in Indonesia.
Alternative Solutions to the Problems of Islamic Education (Ontological Problems of Islamic Education)
Authors: Madhar Amin
Published: March 2024

Education is part of an investment in the future, a societal investment as well as a national investment aimed at advancing and enlightening the nation's life. Therefore, to achieve these goals, education is continually directed towards addressing several issues related to national and communal matters. Problem Formulation: What are the ontological problems in Islamic education and what are the alternative solutions to these ontological problems in Islamic education. Problem Objectives: To understand the ontological problems in Islamic education and explore alternative solutions to these issues. The research method employed is literature review. Results and Discussion: This paper discusses the ontological issues in Islamic education. Ontology is a branch of philosophy that deals with the essence of life. The problems in Islamic education that concern ontology necessitate the establishment of foundations, life principles, and a pattern of human thinking in the administration of Islamic education.
The Influence of a Scientific Approach on Critical Thinking and Logical Thinking Abilities in Early Childhood
Authors: Muhammad Arifin Sitorus
Published: March 2024

Objective study this is for know influence approach scientific to ability think logical on child age early And know influence approach scientific to ability think critical on child age early in the Village Marindal I District Patumbak Deli Serdang Regency . The population in this study were all Raudhatul Athfal in Marindal I Village, Patumbak District, Deli Serdang Regency, consisting of 7 Raudhatul Athfal group B in Marindal I Village, Patumbak District, Deli Serdang Regency. Specifically, this research was conducted on children aged 5-6. The time for carrying out the research is adjusted to the learning program, namely in the odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The sample is determined using random sampling, where each population has the right to be selected as a sample. However, to choose them you can use a random lottery which determines the two samples in this study for research purposes. One Way Analysis of Variance is a powerful analysis technique for testing differences in means with many randomly selected groups. Hypothesis testing in One Way Analysis of Variance is carried out using F-test statistics. Results study stated that 1) There is an influence of the scientific learning approach on the critical thinking abilities of young children . The results of the data on children's critical thinking abilities have a calculated t value ( 5.016 )> t table (1.671) and sig.2-tailed (0.000) <α=0.05. 2) There is an influence of the scientific learning approach on the logical thinking abilities of young children . Data on children's logical thinking abilities has a calculated t value ( 2.708)> t table (1.671) and sig.2-tailed (0.000)<α=0.05.
Analisis Buku Teks “Al-Lughah Al-‘Arabiyah Al-Mu’âshirah” Karya Eckehard Schulz
Authors: Aziz Muzayin  , Nujumun Niswah
Published: March 2024

Buku ajar merupakan salah satu element terpenting dalam menunjang jalannya pembelajaran bahasa Arab di kelas. Di antara buku yang digunakan adalah Al-Lughoh Al-Arabiyah Al-Mu’asyiroh, sebagai bahan ajar sesungguhnya buku ini telah memenuhi kriteria penyusunan buku ajar yang baik. Penilian kelayakan sebagai buku ajar yang baik karena memenuhi 4 aspek pokok buku ajar, yaitu seleksi, gradasi, presentasi dan repetisi. Namun demikian, tidak ada buku ajar yang benar-benar sempurna, melainkan memiliki sisi kelebihan dan kekurangan.
Konsep Pendidikan Akhlak Pemikiran Ibnu Miskawaih Dalam Kitab Tahdzib Al-Akhlak
Authors: Ridwan  , Nur Aisyah
Published: March 2024

Akhlak merupakan suatu keadaan di dalam jiwa seseorang, yang menjadi sumber perbuatannya, yang bersifat alternatif (baik atau buruk) sesuai dengan pengaruh pendidikan yang diberikan kepadanya. Ibnu Miskawaih berpandangan bahwa akal (daya pikir) manusia mempunyai peranan penting untuk menjadikan manusia pada posisi yang lebih mulia. Berdasarkan daya pikir tersebut manusia dapat membedakan antara yang benar dan yang salah, yang baik dan yang buruk. Dan manusia yang paling sempurna adalah mereka yang paling benar cara berpikirnya. Oleh karena itu Islam menekankan akhlak baik dan mengajarkan orang muslim untuk senantiasa membina akhlak serta menanamkannya di dalam jiwa mereka. Penelitian dalam skripsi ini mengacu pada konsep pendidikan akhlak Ibnu Miskawaih yang terdapat pada kitab Tahdzib al-Akhlak. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan studi pustaka (library research) yang menghasilkan data deskriptif yang berbentuk tulisan, yaitu penelitian yang menggambarkan sifat-sifat atau karakteristik individu, keadaan, gejala, atau kelompok tertentu. Dengan menganalisis isi dan mendeskripsikannya dari objek yang diteliti melalui sumber- sumber yang terkait dalam penelitian ini. Hasil  dari  penelitian  ini  adalah  Ibnu  miskawaih  memberikan  pengertian khuluq sebagai keadaan jiwa yang mendorong seseorang untuk melakukan perbuatan-perbuatan tanpa melalui pemikiran dan pertimbangan. Ibnu Miskawaih berpendapat dalam kitab Tahdzib al-Akhlak bahwa pendidikan akhlak adalah pendidikan yang difokuskan untuk mengarahkan tingkah laku manusia agar menjadi baik. Point penting dari definisi pendidikan akhlak menurut Ibnu Miskawaih adalah mengarahkan  tingkah laku manusia. Tingkah laku  manusia menurutnya ada dua yaitu baik dan buruk. Tingkah laku yang baik adalah tingkah laku yang sesuai dengan essensi manusia diciptakan, karena menurutnya manusia mempunyai kecenderungan untuk menyukai kebaikan dari pada keburukan. Adapun  relevansinya  dengan  pendidikan  Islam  sekarang  bahwa  baik  tujuan, materi  dan  metode  yang  dikemukakan  oleh  Ibnu  Miskawaih  ada  keterkaitan dengan pendidikan Islam sekarang dan masih digunakan dalam pembelajaran dilembaga-lembaga pendidikan.
MEMAHAMI KARAKTERISTIK BAHASA ARAB UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Faliqul Isbah
Published: March 2024

Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab bagi non Penutur masih menjadi hal yang sulit dicapai, hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya pemahaman pengajar akan karekteristik Bahasa arab sendiri. Sehingga terjadi perasaan yang menggiring pada penyamaan Bahasa Arab dengan Bahasa asli penutur. Pengajar harus memaksa menyesuaikan contoh Bahasa Arab dengan Bahasa-bahasa keseharian murid, padahal karakter Bahasa yang ada sudah tentu berbeda. Maka menjadi hal yang penting untuk menerapkan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab pmelalui emahaman karakteristiknya.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitiatif dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka., sumber data penelitian ini dari buku, jurnal dan artikel yang berkaitan dengan kajian. Kemudian  dikaji, analisis mendalam untuk mendapatkan data yang sesuai dengan topik.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ada dua karakteristik Bahasa Arab yaitu universal dan sistemik. Pemahaman pengajar Bahasa arab terutama pada karakteristik sistemik sangat diperlukan agar mereka dapat menyesuaikan strategi dan teknik pembelajaran Bahasa arab yang meliputi pada aspek huruf, bunyi, mufradat dan kalimat.
PENERAPAN METODE DRILL TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BACA TULIS AL-QUR’AN SISWA DI SDN 13 PELUTAN PEMALANG
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad hamid
Published: March 2024

Penerapan  Metode Drill Terhadap Pembelajaran Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an  SDN 13 Pelutan Pemalang merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Variabel bebasnya adalah metode drill dan sebagai variabel terikatnya adalah pembelajaran Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an. Penelitian berusaha mengungkap efektifitas metode drill dalam pembelajaran Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an. Subyek penelitian yang digunakan adalah SDN 13 Pelutan Pemalang ,untuk mengungkap efektifitas metode drill dalam pembelajaran peneliti menggunakan lima aspek penilaian yaitu kesesuaian metode dengan materi (kinerja guru dalam penerapan metode), berkembangnya aktifitas peserta didik, kesesuaian dengan karakteristik peserta didik, ketepatannya dengan waktu yang tersedia, dan prestasi belajar siswa. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kinerja guru (kesesuaian metode dengan materi) mencapai kriteria A dengan angka kuantitatif 86, keaktifan siswa selama pembelajaran mencapai rata-rata 50%, 66,2 % siswa memberikan respon positif atau merasa senang dengan metode tersebut, kompetensi yang dikuasai oleh siswa sesuai dengan waktu yang tersedia menunjukkan 84,6%, nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa menunjukkan peningkatan dari 53,8 pada pra siklus menjadi 79 pada siklus II atau mengalami peningkatan sebesar 25,2 poin. Dari kelima indikator, tiga tercapai dan dua tidak tercapai. Karena jumlah indikator yang tercapai lebih banyak maka peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa penelitian ini telah berhasil mengefektifkan metode drill dalam pembelajaran BTQ di SDN 13 Pelutan Pemalang. Dari paparan di atas, rumusan masalah “Apakah penerapan metode drill dapat mengefektifkan pembelajaran Baca Tulis Alquran siswa  di SDN 13 Pelutan Pemalang, dapat dijawab ya. Atau dengan kata lain metode drill dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran siswa SDN 13 Pelutan Pemalang
Public Service Accountability at the Youth Sports Service, Culture and Tourism of Majene Regency
Authors: Hendrawan  , Taufik Iksan  , Muhammad Yusri
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the Accountability of public services in the Department of Youth Sports, Culture and Tourism of Majene Regency. The type of research used in this research is explanatory research. This research uses data collection techniques in the form of secondary literature studies with qualitative analysis techniques. The end result of this research is a description of the causal context or cause-effect relationship. The results of this research indicate that public service accountability is not yet optimal and needs to be improved in terms of visitor interview results and direct inspection of tourism sector facilities. The author found that tourist facilities such as places of worship, toilets and In addition, the consistency of levies set on each tourist attraction is not optimal, which differs from visitors, and there are still many waste scattered around tourist attractions, disrupting the comfort of visitors.
The Meaning Of Malamang In Baralek In Nagari Alahan Mati Pasaman Regency
Authors: Atisa Aprilia  , Suharti  , Yurisman
Published: March 2024

This study discusses the meaning of the malamang procession in the Nagari Alahan Mati community. The purpose of this study is to describe how the background of malamang at the baralek event in Nagari Alahan Mati and the meaning of the malamang procession at the baralek event in Nagari Alahan Mati. The theory used is symbolic interactionalist theory according to Blummer's understanding. The method used in this study is qualitative with an ethnographic approach. The data collection techniques are field observation, interviews, and documentation. The finding of this study is that the background of malamang at the baralek event came from Sheikh Burhanuddin's accident while conducting a banquet at a community home. The malamang tradition in the Nagari Alahan Mati community occurred in the 1950s. The malamang tradition is carried out by the Alahan Mati community the day before the baralek event, and a week before the host baralek event. Things that must be done, in terms of the division of labor in the malamang tradition is also distinguished by gender, men have the task of finding firewood and reeds for malamang, while women have the task of cooking lamang until cooking. The meanings in every malamang procession include mutual cooperation, silaturrahmi, and kinship.
Local Wisdom Values in Turun karai Tradition in Sibuluan Nalambok Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Wahyu Novita Panggabean  , Endrizal  , Emzia Fajri
Published: March 2024

The research entitled "Local Wisdom Values in the Turun Karai Tradition in Sibuluan Nalambok Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province". The background of the Turun Karai tradition is to honor the birth of the Prophet Muhummad SAW. The purpose of this study is to find out how the implementation of the Turun Karai tradition and what local wisdom values are in this Turun Karai. The theory used in this research is the theory of tradition in Soebadio's thinking and the theory of local wisdom according to Widieharto, Prasetyo and Kumalasari's understanding where this theory is used to understand local wisdom and local wisdom values contained in the Turun Karai tradition. This research uses a qualitative method. The results of this study explain the procession of implementing the Turun Karai tradition and the local wisdom values that exist in the Turun Karai tradition. The procession is carried out when the baby is one month old and has several stages, namely the first stage of preparation, such as decorating the house, cooking food and filling dulang. The second stage is the implementation of turun karai, bringing the child to the mosque then lowering the child's feet for the first time, conducting a procession of bargaining flour, distributing itak-itak, naming the child, mambuekan the child, cutting the hair, and mangupa-upa. The last stage is distributing singgang ayam to all members of the recitation and the invited guests eat the food that has been served. Furthermore, there are local wisdom values in the Turun Karai tradition, namely religious values, gotong royong values, aesthetic values, moral values and tolerance values.
Weaving Development Strategy in Balai Panjang Weaving House as Economic Fulfillment of the Community of Balai Panjang Village, Payakumbuh City, West Sumatra Province
Authors: Faridiano  , Selvi Kasman  , Septriani
Published: March 2024

This study discusses the strategy of weaving development in Balai Panjang weaving houses as an economic fulfillment of the people of Balai Panjang Village. The purpose of this study is to explain weaving as an economic fulfillment of craftsmen in whose development strategies are needed in overcoming the obstacles that occur. The research method used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques include field observations, interviews, and documentation. The theory used is Malinowski's Theory of Functionalism. Weaving which is used as cultural heritage also helps the economy of the community in Balai Panjang with the availability of job opportunities as craftsmen. Weaving at this time still uses traditional tools in its manufacture, causing several obstacles. Obstacles to weaving development include the difficulty of raw materials, low wages for workers, limited human resources, and the absence of promotion. The Industrial Office as the related agency that accommodates the sustainability of the Balai Panjang weaving house carries out several strategies including the procurement of raw materials, increasing the wages of craftsmen, regenerating craftsmen, and increasing promotion.
Buskers to Tourists in Bukittinggi City
Authors: Fadhlan Azim  , Selvi Kasman  , Yade Surayya
Published: March 2024

This study discusses the unpleasant actions of buskers towards tourists in the city of Bukittinggi. The purpose of this study was to see the unpleasant actions of buskers towards tourists in the city of Bukittinggi. The research method used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques include field observations, interviews, and documentation. The theory used is the theory of differential association by Sutherland. The findings in this study are several unpleasant actions towards tourists in the tourist attraction area, as for the factors behind these actions are, the lack of busker education levels, environmental factors and low economic levels. Unpleasant actions against tourists such as forcing visitors to give money, and acts of harassment against tourist visitors in the city of Bukittinggi. This incident is often experienced by tourists who are on vacation in Jam Gadang, to overcome this, the security of the city of Bukiitinggi immediately intervened to the tourist site, to overcome these cases, so that tourists present in the city of Bukittinggi feel more safe and peaceful while traveling to the city of Bukittinggi.