bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of chemotherapy drug preparation process in hospitals in Turkey – A pilot study
Authors: Bayraktar-Ekincioglu Aygin , Korubük Gamze , Demirkan Kutay
Published: July 2017

Objective

To identify the practice differences among chemotherapy units and the opinions of pharmacists on safety precautions for handling antineoplastic drugs in hospitals.

Method

The survey was administered to hospital pharmacists in Turkey. The pharmacists who work in chemotherapeutic drug preparation units were asked to participate if they are volunteered. The participating pharmacists were asked questions about the type of chemotherapy units, order and verification process of chemotherapy protocols and potential shortcomings of chemotherapy preparation. The questions were initially assessed in a small sample of pharmacists and subsequently revised and refined. The filled and returned questionnaires were accepted as given consent.

Results

A total of 97 questionnaires were delivered and 40 (41%) were returned by pharmacists. The median age and practicing years in hospitals of the pharmacists were 38.0 and 6.25 years, respectively. Fully automated chemotherapy units were used by 42.5% of respondents, whereas 30% prepare chemotherapeutics manually; furthermore, 87.5% provide chemotherapeutic drug preparations (admixtures) less than 120 per day. With regard to the drug preparation process, more than half of the respondents ‘always’ use protective equipment without foot covers (32.3%). Almost 90% of respondents ‘always’ use a coat, mask and biological safety cabinets; however, 20% of respondents ‘often’ use closed-system drug transfer sets. More than 50% of pharmacists expressed that they have sufficient knowledge on cytotoxics and the risk of exposure, protective precautions, selection and usage of personal protective equipment and correct storage of cytotoxics.

Conclusion

Pharmacists acknowledge sufficient understanding of safe preparation and handling of chemotherapeutics, but reported practices by pharmacists in hospitals are not consistent with published recommendations. Providing theoretical and practical educations for pharmacists and developing standard procedures for preparing chemotherapy may be beneficial in improving the preparation and use of antineoplastics in Turkey.
Methamphetamine Causes Photoreceptor Cell Damage Through Promoting Polarization of Macrophages and Inducing Inflammatory Response
Authors: Zhang Aihui , Wu Laiwei , Chen Zilin , Huang Guoqiang , Lu Xiaohe
Published: July 2017

Classically activated macrophages (M1) are proinflammatory effectors and closely related to the progression of neurotoxicity. As a powerful psychostimulant and addictive drug, methamphetamine (Meth) abuse could result in long-lasting abnormalities in retina. This study investigated the effect of Meth at nontoxic concentration on macrophage activation state and its resultant toxicity to photoreceptor cells. Results showed that cytotoxicity was caused by Meth on 661 W cells after coculturing with RAW264.7 macrophage. RAW264.7 cells tended to switch to the M1 phenotype, releasing more proinflammatory cytokines after treatment with Meth. Meth could also upregulate the M1-related gene and protein expression. Our study demonstrated that Meth promoted macrophage polarization from M0 to M1 and induced inflammatory response, providing the scientific rationale for the photoreceptor cell damage caused by the Meth abuse.
Toward Valuing With Critical Systems Heuristics
Authors: Gates Emily F.
Published: July 2017

Evaluation is defined by its central task of valuing—the process and product of judging the merit, worth, or significance of a policy or program. However, there are no clear-cut ways to consider values and render value judgments in evaluation practice. There remains contention in the evaluation field about whether and how to make value judgments. No approach to valuing eliminates the uncertainty, plurality, and potential for conflict that comes with considering values. This article explores what critical systems heuristics (CSH), an area of applied systems thinking, might contribute to four long-standing issues regarding valuing: envisioning the social value of evaluation, framing the evaluand and evaluation, selecting and justifying criteria, and determining the roles of the evaluator(s) and stakeholders in valuing. CSH contributes concepts and tools that, in theory, support more reflective, responsible valuing although further practical application is needed.
Failure analysis of glass-reinforced polyester mortar pipes with different cores subjected to combined loading
Authors: Mohamadi Milad , Heshmati Mahmood
Published: July 2017

In this paper, the failure of glass-reinforced polyester mortar pipes with different cores subjected to pure and combined loading are analyzed. To enhance the stiffness of fiber-reinforced polyester pipe, filler layer is incorporated in between fiber-reinforced polyester plies. Thus, in this study, new nanocomposite materials are proposed as a core layer in the glass-reinforced polyester mortar pipes. The performance of the pipes in the presence of nanosilica/resin, nanosilica/fiberglass/resin and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/resin and sand/resin cores are investigated. Finite element method is used to analyze the effects of extensive design parameters on the first ply failure and functional failure of glass-reinforced polyester mortar pipes. Maximum normal stress, Tsai–Wu and Tsai–Hill criteria are employed for the failure analysis. Two end boundary conditions are considered in the simulations. The effects of core material constituents, core thickness, filament winding angle and lay-up configurations, layers thicknesses and pipe radius are investigated. The results are also obtained under pure and combined loading conditions. The stress concentration around circular and rectangular holes in glass-reinforced polyester mortar pipes with sand/resin core is also studied. Accordingly, the stress concentration factors are reported for each case. Detailed discussions are done and brief design guidelines are given.
Air Pollution From Bleaching and Dyeing Industries Creating Severe Health Hazards in Maheshtala Textile Cluster, West Bengal, India
Authors: Gupta Biman Gati , Biswas Jayanta Kumar , Agrawal Krishna M
Published: July 2017

Hazardous bleaching and dyeing units are rapidly increasing in developing countries due to growing global demand of textile products. The aim of the study is to assess long-term respiratory effect of air pollution generated from textile bleaching and dyeing industries on the residents living in such industrial setting. Such types of long-term (2012-2016) studies have been conducted first time in this area. The control area of Chatta and Kalikapur under Maheshtala textile cluster (10.45°N latitude to 75.90°E longitude) has been identified for the study. Ambient air monitoring with particulate matters (PMs; PM2.5 and PM10), NO2, and SO2 of 72 air samples has been done with air sampler machine during different seasons. The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 have been found higher than Central Pollution Control Board (India) and World Health Organization norms. Using data on 73 respondents on age, education, occupation, and income, impact on different causes of respiratory ailments has been examined. The survey shows that 67% of total population are having different respiratory complaints. The regression analysis ( R2 = 0.9998) and correlation matrix show that cold, cough, bronchitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a strongly significant positive correlation with fever ( r = 0.98, P < 0.05); breathing trouble has a significant strong positive correlation with cold, cough, bronchitis, asthma, COPD, and fever ( r = 0.877, P < 0.05); high blood pressure has a negative correlation with cold and fever ( r = −0.655, P < 0.05); cardiovascular problem has a strong positive correlation with high blood pressure ( r = 0.989, P < 0.05) and strong negative correlation with cold, cough, asthma, bronchitis, and cold-related fever ( r = −0.54, P < 0.05) due to PM2.5 and PM10 concentration. About 56% of villagers who have opted for this occupation have school-level education (class I-IV) with annual income of Rs 60 000 ($870) only. Studies express present scenario of air pollution in the subject area which is still unnoticed and propose to take control of air pollution.
Landscaping Selves Through Parkour: Reinterpreting the Urban Environment of Singapore
Authors: Loo Wen Bin , Bunnell Tim
Published: July 2017

Drawing on cultural geographical work on mobilities and landscape, this article examines parkour in Singapore, a context in which everyday mobile practices are conventionally understood to be heavily constrained and disciplined. As an urban mobile practice that involves bodily adaptation to and dynamic interaction with the prevailing built environment, parkour reveals complex relationships between the self and the landscape. For its practitioners, the doing of parkour holds potential not only for reimagining what Singapore’s urban landscape is or can be but also for reconfiguring understandings of themselves. The term landscaping captures the continuous and concurrent shaping of self and landscape through parkour; landscapes affect individual bodies and are actively (re)constituted through embodied movement. The article engages parkour in more-than-representational terms. By segueing between discursive and phenomenological approaches to mobilities and landscape, a dual emphasis on corporeal experience and representational frameworks highlights how both create and/or regulate such mobile bodies and practices within the landscape.
Hiding behind the party brand or currying favor with constituents: Why do representatives engage in different types of constituency-oriented behavior?
Authors: Ciftci Sabri , Yildirim Tevfik Murat
Published: July 2017

Why do representatives prioritize certain types of constituency service in parliamentary systems? This study argues that the choice for constituency-oriented activities is conditioned by both partisan factors and legislative role orientations. Two novel data sets combining behavioral and attitudinal measures of constituency-oriented behavior are used for empirical tests: an elite survey including detailed interviews with 204 members of the Turkish parliament and 4000 parliamentary questions tabled by these members. The results from a series of ordered logit, ordinary least squares (OLS), and negative binomial regression estimations confirm that members of parliament choose different types of constituency-oriented activities based on their visibility to the party leadership and their constituency. This choice is primarily driven by partisanship and members of parliament’s perceptions about the influence of party leader in renomination. The analysis provides important insights about the role of partisan factors as drivers of parliamentary behavior.
Emotional labor, teacher burnout, and turnover intention in high-school physical education teaching
Authors: Lee Ye Hoon
Published: July 2017

Grounded upon the conservation of resources theory, this study sought to examine the relationships between the three emotional labor strategies, teacher burnout, and turnover intention among physical education teachers. A total of 613 high-school physical education teachers from 47 states across the United States completed online questionnaires that measured the proposed variables. The goodness-of-fit statistics indicated that the structural model showed a reasonable fit, χ2(605) = 1391.26 = 2.30, p < 0.01; RMSEA = .05; TLI = .93; CFI = .93. The results also revealed that teacher burnout was positively associated with surface acting and negatively associated with genuine expression. Further, teacher burnout was positively associated with turnover intention. Mediation analysis showed that teacher burnout fully mediated the trajectory from emotional labor strategies to turnover intention. The results highlight the impact of emotional labor on physical education teachers’ well-being and intention to leave the teaching profession.
Schools’ engagement with the Get Set London 2012 Olympic education programme: Empirical insights from schools in a non-hosting region
Authors: Chen Shushu , Henry Ian
Published: July 2017

During the Olympiad, an Olympic host country is required to organise and deliver an education programme to schools nationwide. Schools’ experiences of engagement with such programmes are often reported on by the government rather than being rigorously examined by academics. Moreover, there is little scientific understanding of how individual schools facilitate the programmes and why different schools engage with the same programme in different ways and to varying degrees, and generate different levels of impact. Looking at the London 2012 Olympic education programme called Get Set, this original qualitative research was undertaken to explore local schools’ experiences of involvement with the programme in a non-hosting region, Leicestershire. The paper advocates the use of programme-theory-driven evaluations (in particular a realist evaluation approach) to assess programme implementation. The results provide explanations of how and why case study schools engage more effectively or less effectively with the programme. The results identify the missing links in the programme theory, highlighting the significance of contextual factors at individual school levels, and arguing for the adoption of tailored strategies for effective programme implementation.
Life satisfaction and trauma in clinical and non-clinical children living in a war-torn environment: A discriminant analysis
Authors: Veronese Guido , Pepe Alessandro
Published: July 2017

The aim of this work was to discriminate between healthy children and children at risk of developing mental impairments by evaluating the impact on contextual and individual factors of a context characterized by war. We tested the hypothesis that a linear discriminant function composed of trauma, life satisfaction, and affect balance has the power to classify the children as community or clinical referred. Membership of the clinical-referred group was associated with poorer life satisfaction and higher levels of trauma. Community-referred profiles were associated with lesser trauma. Perceived life satisfaction regarding family and school was the main contributor to the discriminant function.
Development and validation of a smoking rationalization scale for male smokers in China
Authors: Huang Xinyuan , Fu Wenjie , Zhang Haiying , Li Hong , Li Xiaoxia , Yang Yong , Wang Fan , Gao Junling , Zheng Pinpin , Fu Hua , Ding Ding , Chapman Simon
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop a smoking rationalization scale for Chinese male smokers. A total of 35 focus groups and 19 one-on-one interviews were conducted to collect items of the scale. Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to identify the underlying structure of the scale. Results found a 26-item scale within six dimensions (smoking functional beliefs, risk generalization beliefs, social acceptability beliefs, safe smoking beliefs, self-exempting beliefs, and quitting is harmful beliefs). The scale showed acceptable validity and reliability. Results highlight that smoking rationalization is common among Chinese male smokers, and some beliefs of smoking rationalization seem to be peculiar to China.
Visual criminology and Lombroso: In memory of Nicole Rafter (1939–2016)
Authors: West Kate
Published: July 2017

Nicole Rafter (1939–2016) formed her vast and diverse oeuvre long before the rise of visual criminology. Nevertheless, Rafter was a pioneer in this new, expanding field. Rafter’s scholarly interest in ‘the visual’ and biological theories of crime appeared in her early scholarship. Eventually, Rafter focused on the visual and Cesare Lombroso’s (1835–1909) criminal anthropology. She discovered that Lombroso was not simply the founding figure of what is today called criminology, but of visual criminology.
Burnout among Danish prison personnel: A question of quantitative and emotional demands
Authors: Andersen Dorte Raaby , Andersen Lars Peter , Gadegaard Charlotte Ann , Høgh Annie , Prieur Annick , Lund Thomas
Published: July 2017

Objectives The objective of this follow-up study was to investigate associations between individual, occupational and work environment factors and burnout among both uniformed and non-uniformed personnel working in the Danish Prison and Probation Service. Methods The participants (N = 4808) with client contact received a questionnaire in 2010 and again in 2011. In 2010, 2843 participants responded to the questionnaire (59.1%), and in 2011, 1741 responded to the questionnaire, yielding a response rate of 61.2% of the baseline population, and 36.2% of the invited population. Burnout and work characteristics were measured with validated scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, and data was analysed by logistic regression. Results Risk factors with the highest impact on burnout were work environmental factors: quantitative demands, emotional demands, involvement in and meaning of work. Role conflict, role clarity, social support and demands for hiding emotions had borderline significance. Besides cohabitation, there was no association between individual factors and burnout or between occupational characteristics and burnout. Moreover, there was no association between exposure to threats and violence and burnout. Conclusions: Efforts for preventing burnout ought to be concentrated on reducing the quantitative job-demands, on easing and improving staff–inmate relationships, but also on involvement in and meaning of work. Most work in prison is invisible and the overall goals are in conflict with each other. Management must provide solutions to problems of role conflict and support groups for social support. There is a risk of burnout among both uniformed personnel and non-uniformed personnel working in both open and closed facilities.
The relationship between perceived organizational support, perceived coworker support, debriefing and professional quality of life in Florida law enforcement officers
Authors: Miller Anastasia , Unruh Lynn , Wharton Tracy , Liu Xinliang “Albert” , Zhang Ning “Jackie”
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between perceived organizational support, perceived coworker support, and debriefing on the one hand, and compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress on the other hand in Florida law enforcement officers. To explore the relationships between these constructs, the research examined the relationships of the work environment of Florida law enforcement personnel by administering surveys gaging perceived organizational support, perceived coworker support, psychological resilience, and debriefing activities that the personnel participate in. The Professional Quality of Life: Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue Version 5 was also sent out to establish the self-reported levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. A total of 826 surveys were completed by law enforcement personnel across the state of Florida. The study found that there were relationships between perceived organizational support, perceived coworker support, and debriefing activities and the levels of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress in Florida law enforcement personnel.
‘We deal with human beings’
Authors: Huey Laura , Kalyal Hina
Published: July 2017

Dealing with emotions is a central feature of everyday police work. This is especially the case in relation to criminal investigation work, in which police investigators must grapple with both their own emotions and those of the victims and families with whom they deal. Despite the importance of emotional labor in understanding criminal investigation work, this aspect of their work remains understudied. This study is based on data from 13 in-depth qualitative interviews with members of the Canadian police services. Within it, we explore how officers engage in emotional labor, as well as its impact on these individuals. Although our results are preliminary in nature, they do reveal how managing emotions according to organizationally sanctioned display rules can affect officers’ well-being, and highlight the need for future research to enable police organizations to deal more effectively with this form of work-related stress.
Does prior contact with police reduce the likelihood of suicide? Examining the predictive ability of different incident types and the interaction effects
Authors: Walton Darren , Li Judy , Barnes Sonia , Newcombe Rhiannon
Published: July 2017

This study explores the relationship between prior contact with the police as a victim or person at risk and death by suicide. Findings from this study will improve our understanding of the role the police can have in preventing suicide. The sample comprised working age men who died suddenly in New Zealand during 2007–2011. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the ability of age, ethnicity and prior police contact to predict whether the death was from suicide ( n = 1140) or other causes ( n = 7236). The analysis focused on prior police contact relating to: (1) threatened/attempted suicide, (2) domestic disputes and (3) potential mental health issues. Age, ethnicity and the three prior police contact types all independently predicted suicide. After controlling for demographic variables, prior police contact remained a predictor, with those relating to threatened/attempted suicide having the strongest predictive ability (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.05, 4.75–7.70). Importantly, interaction effects were found between prior police contact types. The predictive ability of contact relating to threatened/attempted suicide reduced significantly if the person also had prior contact relating to a domestic dispute or potential mental health issue. Consistent with previous research, the main effects reported in this study suggest that the police have a role in suicide prevention. This study also makes a novel contribution by exploring the interaction effects between types of prior contact. Future research may investigate the interaction effects in more depth to reveal the contributing factors that reduce the odds of suicide.
Foreign direct investment, smart policies and economic growth
Authors: Yulek Murat , Gur Nurullah
Published: July 2017

Developing economies need foreign direct investments to complement domestic investment with a view to increase capital accumulation, productivity and growth rates. But, foreign direct investments (FDIs) may have costs in addition to the well-known benefits to the host country. Generating higher net benefits from FDI necessitates design and implementation of ‘smart’ investment policies by the host countries rather than the current orthodoxy of ‘neutral’ FDI policies, which is based on liberalizing the FDI inflows and aim to attract ‘any’ kind of FDI. In this article, we discuss such polices and how they relate to host country circumstances.
Sex differences in health status and rehabilitation outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with ablation: Results from the CopenHeartRFA trial
Authors: Wagner Mette Kirstine , Zwisler Ann-Dorthe Olsen , Risom Signe Stelling , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Christensen Anne Vinggaard , Berg Selina Kikkenborg
Published: July 2017

Background:

Increased physical capacity after comprehensive rehabilitation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing ablation has been found in the CopenHeartRFA trial. The purpose of this study was to investigate: (a) sex differences in health status, psychological distress and quality of life, (b) sex differences in rehabilitation outcomes and (c) predictors of effect of rehabilitation.

Methods:

We conducted an exploratory analysis of data from the randomized CopenHeartRFA trial, where patients treated with ablation were randomized with 1:1 to comprehensive rehabilitation consisting of a physical exercise program and psycho-educational consultations versus usual care. Sex disparities in health status were tested using Chi-square and t-tests.

Results:

Included were: 151 men (median age 59.25 years) and 59 women (median age 62.5 years). At hospital discharge, women reported lower physical health status compared with men. Among women, significant differences were found in the 6-min walk test [rehabilitation: 496.8 meters (SD 98.5) versus 559.3meters (SD 55.5) and usual care: 521.9 meters (SD 97.8) versus 530.9 meters (SD 102.2), p = 0.01] and exercise time [rehabilitation: 387.6 s (SD 126.0) versus 463.2 s (SD 121.8) and usual care: 353.4 s (SD 145.2) versus 355.8 s (SD 154.8), p < 0.004] and among men in the sit-to-stand test. Significant differences were found in mental health outcomes among men and in quality of life scores among women. Patients with a European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) score I-II had a positive effect of rehabilitation.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that sex differences exist in self-reported health after rehabilitation in patients ablated for AF. Patients with an I–II EHRA score seem more likely to gain from the rehabilitation programme compared with those with a III–IV score.
Comparison of computational and experimental microphone array results for an 18% scale aircraft model
Authors: Lockard David P , Humphreys William M , Khorrami Mehdi R , Fares Ehab , Casalino Damiano , Ravetta Patricio A
Published: July 2017

An 18% scale semispan model is used as a platform for examining the efficacy of microphone array processing using synthetic data from numerical simulations. Two hybrid Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes/Large-Eddy-Simulation (RANS/LES) codes coupled with Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings solvers are used to calculate 97 microphone signals at the locations of an array employed in the NASA Langley Research Center 14 × 22 tunnel. Conventional, DAMAS, and CLEAN-SC array processing is applied in an identical fashion to the experimental and computational results for three different configurations involving deploying and retracting the main landing gear and a part-span flap. Despite the short time records of the numerical signals, the beamform maps are able to isolate the noise sources, and the appearance of the DAMAS synthetic array maps is generally better than those from the experimental data. The experimental CLEAN-SC maps are similar in quality to those from the simulations indicating that CLEAN-SC may have less sensitivity to background noise. The spectrum obtained from DAMAS processing of synthetic array data is nearly identical to the spectrum of the center microphone of the array, indicating that for this problem array processing of synthetic data does not improve spectral comparisons with experiment. However, the beamform maps do provide an additional means of comparison that can reveal differences that cannot be ascertained from spectra alone.
Airframe noise measurements on JAXA Jet Flying Test Bed “Hisho” using a phased microphone array
Authors: Takaishi Takehisa , Ura Hiroki , Nagai Kenichiro , Yokokawa Yuzuru , Murayama Mitsuhiro , Ito Yasushi , Sakai Ryotaro , Shoji Hirokazu , Yamamoto Kazuomi
Published: July 2017

In 2015, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency launched the Flight demonstration of QUiet technology to Reduce nOise from High-lift configurations project to verify by flight demonstration the feasibility of practical noise-reducing aircraft modification concepts. In order to serve as a baseline for comparison before modification, airframe noise sources of the JAXA Jet Flying Test Bed “Hisho” were measured with a 30 m diameter array of 195 microphones mounted on a wooden platform built temporary beside the runway of Noto Satoyama Airport in Japan. A classical Delay and Sum in the time domain beamforming algorithm was adapted for the present study, with weight factors introduced to improve the low-frequency resolution and autocorrelations eliminated to suppress wind noise at high frequencies. In the landing configuration at idle thrust, the main landing gear, nose landing gear, and side edges of the six extended flap panels were found to be the dominant “Hisho” airframe noise sources. Deconvolution by the DAMAS and CLEAN-SC algorithms provided clearer positions of these sound sources at low frequencies. Integration of acoustical maps agreed well with the sound pressure level measured by a microphone placed at the center of the microphone array and gave detailed information about the contribution of each noise source.
Acoustic source localization on a model engine jet with different nozzle configurations and wing installation
Authors: Siller Henri A , König Jonas , Funke Stefan , Oertwig Sebastian , Hritsevskyy Larisa
Published: July 2017

The source distribution in the dual jets of a 1:10 scale jet engine model was investigated in a large anechoic facility. A linear microphone array was used to record the data and the analysis was performed with the SODIX method, an optimization technique that fits a model distribution of sound sources with non-uniform directivity to the measured cross-spectral matrix. Configurations with a plain secondary nozzle and a secondary nozzle with a serrated trailing edge were investigated with and without a wing installed above the engine. The results show that the SODIX method is able to resolve the different source distributions of the jet with the plain and the serrated nozzle as well as the additional sources that occur when a wing is installed.
Phased acoustic array measurements of a 5.75% hybrid wing body aircraft
Authors: Burnside Nathan J , Horne William C , Elmer Kevin R , Cheng Rui , Brusniak Leon
Published: July 2017

Detailed acoustic measurements of the noise from the leading-edge Krueger flap of a 5.75% hybrid wing body aircraft model were acquired with a traversing phased microphone array in the Arnold Engineering Development Complex NFAC 40- by 80-foot wind tunnel. The spatial resolution of the array was sufficient to distinguish between individual support brackets over the full-scale frequency range of 100 to 2875 Hz. For conditions representative of landing and take-off configuration, the noise from the brackets dominated other sources near the leading edge. Inclusion of flight-like brackets for select conditions highlights the importance of including the correct number of leading-edge high-lift device brackets with sufficient scale and fidelity. These measurements support the development of a Krueger noise model which includes cove and bracket noise.
Stories for living on a damaged planet: Environmental education in a preschool classroom
Authors: Nxumalo Fikile
Published: July 2017

This article examines children’s encounters with dead and dying bumble bees in their everyday entangled lives. Within the context of an early childhood classroom located in suburban British Columbia, Canada, the article stories situated and emergent bee–child worldings to illustrate possibilities for learning with other species in anthropogenically damaged worlds. I pay attention to some of the ways in which children’s and educators’ practices have shifted away from encountering bees predominantly as objects of scientific knowledge towards more relational, embodied, and affective immersion in the lives and deaths of bumble bees. Situating these practices within current bumble bee vulnerabilities, I consider how children’s and educators’ inquiries might be viewed as pedagogies that matter for learning to live less destructively with others in current times of anthropogenic change.
Palliative care for respiratory disease: An education model of care
Authors: Bowman Brynn , Meier Diane E
Published: July 2017

That palliative care improves quality of life for seriously ill patients and their families is well known – but how can healthcare providers ensure that the palliative needs of all patients are being assessed and addressed? A growing number of curricula in core palliative care practices have been developed to ensure that clinicians from all specialties and disciplines have the necessary training to manage pain and symptoms and discuss care goals with patients and families. Through broad-based training in core palliative care skills, combined with referral to specialty palliative care for high-need patients, providers can improve quality of life for their patients with respiratory disease.
A Systematic Review of Interventions for Women Parenting in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Austin Anna E. , Shanahan Meghan E. , Barrios Yasmin V. , Macy Rebecca J.
Published: July 2017

Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is widespread among women with children and has negative consequences for both women’s and children’s well-being. Despite mixed evidence regarding the effect of IPV on women’s parenting ability and behaviors, there is an increasing focus on mothering in the context of IPV, particularly among the child welfare and child protection systems. To help respond to this increasing focus, several interventions have been developed that specifically target parenting among IPV-affected women. Given the growing numbers of these interventions, a comprehensive review is needed to help elucidate the approaches that are most effective in meeting the needs of IPV-affected women and children. Therefore, we conducted an in-depth systematic review of the literature to examine the approaches and effects of interventions designed to address aspects of parenting among IPV-affected women. We identified 26 articles concerned with 19 distinct interventions for review. We found substantial heterogeneity in intervention delivery, format, length, and focus. We noted several limitations of the existing studies in terms of study sample, measures, design, and implementation. Given the heterogeneity of the existing interventions and the limitations of the current research base, it is not yet clear which interventions or intervention components are most effective in addressing the unique needs of women parenting in the context of IPV. Further research is needed to address these limitations, and professionals working with IPV-affected families should be aware that current services may not meet women’s and children’s needs.
From Struggle to Success via Latina Sororities: Culture Shock, Marginalization, Embracing Ethnicity, and Educational Persistence Through Academic Capital
Authors: Orta David , Murguia Edward , Cruz Cristina
Published: July 2017

We query the role that sorority involvement serves in the college experiences of Latinas in ethnic sororities. We find that Latina sorority members at first experience culture shock and marginalization at a selective, predominantly White university in the Southwest. Our respondents were incorporated into Latina sororities, which provided them with academic capital, that is, the skills, knowledge, and emotional support that resulted in their educational persistence.
“The War Still Continues”: The Importance of Positive Validation for Undocumented Community College Students After Trump’s Presidential Victory
Authors: Andrade Luis M.
Published: July 2017

Using the conceptual frameworks of validation theory and socioemotional development, this study investigated undocumented/DACAmented community college students’ emotional reactions to Trump’s presidential victory and whether educators and/or administrators offered positive validation after the election. The study sheds light on current practices that may exacerbate students’ stress or push students to stop out and provides recommendations for educators and administrators to address the needs of undocumented community college students during difficult political times.
Trait Emotional Intelligence Related to Bullying in Elementary School Children and to Victimization in Boys
Authors: Peachey Andrew A. , Wenos Jeanne , Baller Stephanie
Published: July 2017

While Healthy People 2020 calls for a reduction of bullying among high school students as a public health priority, earlier intervention supported by Occupational Therapists may be warranted. The current study investigated the prevalence of bullying behaviors within an elementary school, compared the experiences of victims with those of perpetrators, and determined when and for whom Trait Emotional Intelligence is a predictor of bullying and victimization. Elementary school children ( n = 235) in Grades 3 to 5 completed the Forms of Bullying Scale–Victim, the Forms of Bullying Scale–Perpetrator, and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire–Child Short Form. The prevalence of bully-only perpetration was 3.0%, of victimization-only was 48.5%, and of bully-victimization was 10.4%. Trait Emotional Intelligence was negatively associated with bullying. Trait Emotional Intelligence was negatively associated with victimization in boys, but not girls. The findings are discussed within the need to provide instruction and services to students at an early age.
Plea Bargains Among Serious and Violent Girls: An Intersectional Approach Exploring Race in the Juvenile Court
Authors: Lowery Patrick G.
Published: July 2017

There exists much scholarship on the decision-making process in the juvenile court. While a variety of processes in the juvenile court, types of offenders, and theoretical frameworks have been analyzed to better understand the decision-making processes, there are some gaps, particularly in the use of an intersectional framework in explaining the plea bargaining process among serious and violent girls. Given the paucity of research on this subject, the present study pays homage to intersectionality by exploring the aforementioned process and group in the juvenile court.
Postnatal delayed exacerbation of dural sinus malformation associated with brainstem cavernous malformations: A case report
Authors: Mizutani Katsuhiro , Miwa Tomoru , Akiyama Takenori , Kanazawa Tokunori , Nagashima Hideaki , Miyakoshi Kei , Niimi Yasunari , Yoshida Kazunari
Published: July 2017

Dural sinus malformation (DSM) is a rare paediatric vascular malformation characterised by abnormal dilation of the posterior dural sinus. Owing to its rarity, the pathophysiology of DSM has not been fully elucidated. We report a case of prenatally diagnosed DSM with an unusual clinical course. We detected DSM in a male foetus in the 26th week of gestation by using foetal ultrasonography. Although the DSM regressed during the foetal stage and the arteriovenous shunt was insignificant in the neonate, the shunt rapidly developed four months after birth. The neonate also had postnatal de novo brainstem cavernous malformation (CM), which also developed rapidly, supposedly due to the aggravated venous hypertension resulting from the DSM. We successfully treated the aggravated shunts by endovascular transarterial and transvenous embolisation six times over two years and, subsequently, the clinical condition and the size of the brainstem CM became stable. The DSM and CM seemed to have a metameric origin. Such aberrant cases could help to further the understanding of DSM.
Numerical investigations on effect of wear-ring clearance on performance of a submersible well pump
Authors: Shi Weidong , Gao Xiongfa , Zhang Qihua , Zhang Desheng , Ye Daoxing
Published: July 2017

A typical submersible well pump was investigated in this article. The whole flow field of submersible well pump was numerically simulated by computational fluid dynamics software. The influence of clearance of wear-rings on the external characteristic and internal flow field was analyzed through comparing the calculation results with experimental results. The result of the numerical simulation shows that changing clearance of front wear-ring has a greater impact on pump performances than changing clearance of back wear-ring, and the head and efficiency of pump decrease with the increase in the size of clearance. Especially when the size of clearance is larger than 0.5 mm, decreasing becomes more obvious. When the front and back wear-ring size of the clearance comes to 1.0 mm, the efficiency decreases from the highest point of 75.31% to 65.44% at rated flow, and the head of pump decreases about 3.5 m. When the size of clearance is 0.2 mm, reverse-flow will appear in the front shroud cavity of the impeller, and leakage from back wear-ring through the balance hole into the impeller, which has a little influence on the flow field of the impeller inlet.
Study on neutral layer offset of high-strength steel plate straightening of excavator’s working arm
Authors: Fan Qin-Hong , Zhang Hong , Jiang Xue-Cheng , Tian Bao-Zhen
Published: July 2017

The steel plate straightening quality has an important influence on the welding quality and service performance of excavator’s boom and arm. In this study, a stress neutral layer offset model was established based on three-point bending theory, steel plate bending characteristics, and layered theory in the straightening process. The stress neutral layer offset phenomenon and the relationship among the reverse bending radius, the plate thickness, and the metal deformation capacity have been proved theoretically. Combined with the tensile and bending tests at room temperature, the relationship between the neutral layer offset values and the reverse bending radius was obtained, and the results showed that the stress neutral layer offset value increases with the decrease in the reverse bending radius. The neutral layer offset phenomenon was also verified by the straightening experiment, and the flatness of the straightened high-strength steel plates is less than 1 mm/m.
Inland port vessel emissions inventory based on Ship Traffic Emission Assessment Model–Automatic Identification System
Authors: Zhang Yan , Gu Jian , Wang Wei , Peng Yiqiang , Wu Xiaojing , Feng Xuejun
Published: July 2017

The designation of ship emission control areas in China evidenced increased attention to ship emissions. Ships calling ports along inland waterways are of particular concern as their emissions exacerbate air pollution in nearby cities. Adapting the Ship Traffic Emission Assessment Model to the local context, this study combines data from Automatic Identification System, vessel profile database, and field investigation results to build a “bottom-up” activity-based inventory of ship emissions. The Nanjing Longtan Container Port was taken as a case study. Results show that total ship emissions for PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx, CO, HC, and CO2 in 2014 are 3.45, 2.76, 196.00, 2.90, 20.62, 8.13, and 12,554.29 t, respectively. Accordingly, ship emission reduction measures were proposed based on the analysis of emission characteristics. The methods and conclusions of the study provide a scientific basis for the inventory and control of the ship emissions in China.
Investigation of wing structure layout of aerospace plane based on the finite element method
Authors: Wang Yu , Liu Lei , Xing Yu , Yang Zhenbo
Published: July 2017

The aerospace plane is an innovative kind of reusable aircraft, which is able to reach the low earth orbit flying like the conventional plane. Two kinds of aerospace plane wing structures are designed and parameterized for the delta wing with a strake, one of which is an equal percentage multi-web structure, and the other is a parallel multi-web structure. The two types of structure layouts were analyzed in the subsonic, transonic, supersonic, and hypersonic conditions using the finite element method. Contrasting the strength and stiffness characteristics, and estimating the structure weight, it demonstrated that the parallel multi-web wing had better performance than the equal percentage multi-web wing in terms of mechanical characteristic and weight. Then, based on the parameterized parallel multi-web wing, the thicknesses of webs, skins, and ribs were optimized to reduce the structure weight.
Effect of cutting speed on chip formation and wear mechanisms of coated carbide tools when ultra-high-speed face milling titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Li Anhai , Zhao Jun , Hou Guanming
Published: July 2017

Chip morphology and its formation mechanisms, cutting force, cutting power, specific cutting energy, tool wear, and tool wear mechanisms at different cutting speeds of 100–3000 m/min during dry face milling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using physical vapor deposition-(Ti,Al)N-TiN-coated cemented carbide tools were investigated. The cutting speed was linked to the chip formation process and tool failure mechanisms of the coated cemented cutting tools. Results revealed that the machined chips exhibited clear saw-tooth profile and were almost segmented at high cutting speeds, and apparent degree of saw-tooth chip morphology occurred as cutting speed increased. Abrasion in the flank face, the adhered chips on the wear surface, and even melt chips were the most typical wear forms. Complex and synergistic interactions among abrasive wear, coating delamination, adhesive wear, oxidation wear, and thermal mechanical–mechanical impacts were the main wear or failure mechanisms. As the cutting speed was very high (>2000 m/min), discontinuous or fragment chips and even melt chips were produced, but few chips can be collected because the chips easily burned under the extremely high cutting temperature. Large area flaking, extreme abrasion, and serious adhesion dominated the wear patterns, and the tool wear mechanisms were the interaction of thermal wear and mechanical wear or failure under the ultra-high frequency and strong impact thermo-mechanical loads.
Safety and efficacy of stenting nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions in octogenarians and nonagenarians in an office setting
Authors: Kibrik Pavel , Eisenberg Justin , Alsheekh Ahmad , Rizvi Syed Ali , Aurshina Afsha , Marks Natalie , Hingorani Anil , Ascher Enrico
Published: July 2017

Objectives

Treatment options for venous insufficiency are rapidly evolving in the office setting and include venography, intravascular ultrasound, and venous stenting. Non-thrombotic iliac vein lesions assessment and treatment in an office setting is currently an area of interest. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of evaluating non-thrombotic iliac vein lesion with this office-based procedure in octogenarians and nonagenarians.

Methods

From January 2012 through December 2013, 300 non-thrombotic iliac vein lesion limbs in 192 patients with venous insufficiency ≥80 years old were evaluated for non-thrombotic iliac vein lesion. Patients were evaluated and treated with venography, intravascular ultrasound, and stent placement for significant lesions demonstrated by greater than 50% diameter or cross-sectional area reduction. Group 1: 168 of these patients were octogenarians; female/male ratio was 1.75:1, bilateral in 89/168 patients (53%), left sided in 131/259 limbs (51%), right sided in 128 limbs (49%), average age 83.5 ± 2.6 years (range 80–89) compared to Group 2: 24 nonagenarians; female/male was 3:1, bilateral in 17/24 patients (70%), left sided in 20/41 limbs (49%), right sided in 21/41 limbs (51%), average age 92.9 ± 2.2 years (range 90–99). Stent related outcomes were evaluated with communication to the patient within 24 h to assess post-procedure pain followed by serial iliocaval ultrasonography.

Results

Out of the 300 limbs evaluated, in Group 1, 86% of limbs had stents placed compared to 90% in Group 2 and 11% of both groups had two stents placed. Overall improvement in pain, edema, and ulcers was reported in 147 (59%) of octogenarians and 24 (65%) of nonagenarians. There were no surgical site infections, pseudo-aneurysms, arteriovenous fistulas, or femoral artery injuries. No patients required transfusion within three days post-operatively and there were no 30-day mortalities in both sets of patients.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that there is no statistical difference in the outcome of performing venography, intravascular ultrasound, and stent placement in an office-based setting in octogenarians and nonagenarians. Both groups maintained a similar safety profile with low morbidity and mortality. In conclusion, we believe that the treatment of non-thrombotic iliac vein lesion in an office-based setting is safe and efficacious in both groups.