bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between Humanitarian Logistics and Reverse Logistics: characteristics, actions, and singularities between both
Authors: Pereira Moacir , Gazzoni Wanessa Carla , Aguila Zaida Jova
Published: July 2021

Situations that demand emergency actions, such as natural disasters (hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods), require special logistics posture, which is being called humanitarian logistics. This is still a new concept in Brazil, but it has been studied more and more in European countries and the United States. Humanitarian logistics is the branch of logistics responsible for processes that involve the mobilization of resources, knowledge, and people to support communities affected by emergencies, such as natural disasters, wars, or terrorist attacks. Reverse logistics is another branch of logistics that is concerned with the return of the goods and products flowing from the primary client and which may be sent to dumpsites, recycling, or reuse. However, when these materials are managed differently, they may reach people who were affected by natural disasters or not, characterizing the humanitarian logistics. This article seeks to define, compare and relate the single elements of traditional logistics (direct flow), humanitarian and reverse logistics. It also seeks to show the way to an effective integration between these three logistics branches in order to take advantage of the best to help victims of any disaster.
Selection Criteria for a Tobacco Curing Solar Thermal Collector Energy System in Zimbabwe
Authors: Shati Nelson , Madanhire Ignatio , Mashonjowa Emmanuel
Published: July 2021

The main objective of the current paper is to select an appropriate tobacco curing solar thermal collector. Tobacco is the second largest foreign currency earner after gold in Zimbabwe. The crop’s post-harvest activities have adverse effects through application of fossil fuels especially firewood. Firewood and coal burning have negative consequences of increasing the greenhouse effects, air pollution, high levels of deforestation causing subsequent land degradation and soil nutrients depletion. Small-scale tobacco farmers are economically disempowered and resort to use firewood as the main tobacco curing fuel source. In embracing modern trends of going green, introducing solar thermal technology in Zimbabwe becomes a prerequisite. In a survey conducted among small-scale tobacco farmers in July 2020, majority of them unanimously accepted a paradigm shift towards sustainability through adopting tobacco curing solar technologies. The system should be robust, reliable, durable, affordable and sustainable for farmers to have usage confidence and guaranteeing uninterrupted performance as tobacco is temperature and humidity sensitive. The main energy generation component is the solar thermal collector with solar photovoltaic supplying the system’s electricity needs. The paper develops solar technology selection criteria through literature review. Selection made upon reviewing all the factors is the solar thermal air flat-plate collector.
KLASIFIKASI INSTRUMEN MUSIK PADA ENSEMBEL MUSIK TRADISIONAL BATAK TOBA
Authors: Hutagalung Roy J M
Published: July 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasi instrumen musik, pada ensembel musik tradisional Batak Toba. Artikel ini merupakan kajian pustaka yang menganalisis berbagai teori ahli tentang klasifikasi instrumen musik pada ensembel musik tradisional Batak Toba. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa klasifikasi instrumen Batak Toba di klasifikasikan untuk ansambel gondang sabangunan, taganing (membranophone), gordang (membranophone), odap (membranophone), ogung oloan (idiophone), sarune (aerophone), ogung ihutan (idiophone), doal (idiophone), panggora (idiophone), hesek (idiophone) untuk ansambel gondang hasapi, hasapi ende (chordophone), hasapi doal (chordophone), sarune etek (aerophone), sulim (aerophone), garantung (idiophone, hesek (idiophone). Stratifikasi pargonsi khususnya instrumen taganing(membranophone) yang disebut partaganing mendapat posisi khusus karena dianggap sebagai seorang yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai penghubung antara manusia dengan sang pencipta. Kedudukan seorang pargonsi dalam stratifikasi sosial masyarakat yang tidak permanen. Di satu sisi dianggap sebagai wakil dewa, yaitu ketika memainkan ansambel gondang pada saat upacara, di sisi lain sebagai masyarakat biasa yang terikat dengan sistem kemasyarakatan dan kekerabatan yang terdapat dalam dalihan na tolu tetika tidak berperan sebagai pargonsi. Status mereka adalah sama dengan individu lainnya berdasarkan pekerjaan sehari-hari, misalnya sebagai petani, nelayan, pedagang dan  sebagainya. Prinsip klasifikasi berdasarkan uraian yang dikemukakan oleh Mahillon-Sachs-VonHornbostel dalam kaitannya dengan pengelompokan alat musik yang dilakukan secara lokal pada alat-alat musik tradisional Batak Toba, pada prinsipnya mengacu pada teori klasifikasi oleh Mahillon-Sachs-VonHornbostelnamun di sisi lain secara spesifik pengelompokan yang dilakukan secara local, berdasar pada fungsi alat musik dalam sebuah ansambel baik pada gondang sabangunan maupun gondang hasapi.Kata kunci:klasifikasi,  instrumen musik, ensembel, musik tradisional, batak toba
SUKSESI KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN
Authors: Panggabean Justice Zeni Zari
Published: July 2021

Abstract: A leadership succession is a leadership change buid the next generation. A successful leader is gained through serving, not power or authority. The objectives are to elaborate theoretical study on leadership succession, explain the implication of Christian education on leadership succession, and explain Christian perspective regarding leadership succession. The result shows that leadership succession requires balance between character and strategy. Christian education becomes norm and standard for leaders in thought, words, and deed. The conclusion is that from Christian perspective, leadership succession is created from the real leadership character in truth and kindness and it affects the quality, competitive excellence and integrity. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Suksesi kepemimpinan adalah suatu peralihan membangun generasi berikutnya. Seorang pemimpin yang berhasil (suksesi kepemimpinan) diawali dari tugas pelayanan bukan sebagai penguasa atau pejabat. Dalam karya ilmiah ini memiliki tujuan penulisan yaitu : pertama, menguraikan tentang kajian teoritis suksesi kepemimpinan. Kedua, memaparkan implikasi pendidikan Kristen terhadap suksesi kepemimpinan. Ketiga, memaparkan perspektif pendidikan Kristen dalam suksesi kepemimpinan. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa suksesi kepemimpinan memerlukan keseimbangan karakter dan strategi. Pendidikan Kristen berimplikasi sebagai kaidah dan patokan, menjadi norma bagi seorang pemimpin, pikiran, perkataan dan perbuatan. Penelitian ini memiliki kesimpulan bahwa suksesi kepemimpinan dalam perspektif pendidikan Kristen terwujud dari karakter pemimpin yang nyata dalam kebenaran dan kebaikan, yang berdampak pada kualitas, keunggulan yang kompetitif dan berintegritasKeywords: Leadership Succession, Christian Education Perspective
PENINGKATAN KEPRIBADIAN MELALUI PENGUASAAN MATERI AJAR KESELAMATAN SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 SIPAHUTAR. KECAMATAN SIPAHUTAR KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Simatupang Ronny
Published: July 2021

The study is intended to know the increasing of personalities through the mastery of the student safety materials with hypotheses there is a positive and significant influence between the doctrinal mastery of the safety of the student body, with the population of the entire class vii on the student body of 1 sloutar class 1 person with a sample of 36 samples established by random sampling techniques. Data is collected with a test of 20 items and an numbered numbered 20 items . Based on impact tests obtained coefficient determinations = 36.24% and fjudges ftable of 20.30 4.13 at a rate of 0.05. The results have come to a conclusion there is a positive and significant influence between the doctrinal mastery material on the class vii junior year students' learning personality. Clap district tapanuli northern year 2019/2020. Thus, ha received and ho rejected.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kepribadian melalui penguasaan materi keselamatan siswa dengan hipotesis terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara penguasaan ajaran terhadap keselamatan siswa, dengan populasi seluruh kelas vii pada siswa. Tubuh 1 orang sloutar kelas 1 orang dengan jumlah sampel 36 sampel ditetapkan dengan teknik random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tes sebanyak 20 item dan berjumlah 20 item. Berdasarkan uji impak diperoleh koefisien determinasi = 36.24% dan fjudges ftable sebesar 20.30 4.13 pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara materi penguasaan ajaran terhadap kepribadian belajar siswa kelas VII SMP Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Tahun 2019/2020. Jadi, ha diterima dan ho ditolak.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen Di Sekolah
Authors: Marbun Nurmiati , Pasaribu Lamtiur
Published: July 2021

AbstrakPendidikan merupakan suatu kebutuhan yang mutlak diperlukan bagi setiap insan manusia, sebab tanpa pendidikan sama sekali, maka mustahil bagi seorang pribadi atau sekelompok masyarakat mengalami perkembangan menuju cita-cita untuk maju, hidup sejahtera dan bahagia. Kegiatan proses belajar mengajar di sekolah merupakan kegiatan inti yang sangat penting. Sekolah merupakan lembaga yang mengelola dan mengatur segala potensi untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan. Namun tidak cukup hanya sekolah yang berperan untuk untuk mewujudkan tujuan pendidikan. Kerjasama antara sekolah dengan masyarakat dan juga orangtua dengan peserta didik merupakan hal yang sangat penting. Namun tidaklah suatu hal yang mudah untuk mewujudkan itu semua, ada beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi minat belajar PAK seorang peserta didik—faktor luar maupun faktor dalam diri siswa.Katakunci : minat belajar, pendidikan agama kristen, sekolahAbstractEducation is a necessity absolutely necessary for everyone, that without education, it is impossible for a person or society to experience a development towards advancing ideal, living a prosperous and happy life. Teaching and learning process activities in schools are important and core activities. School managed by an institution and regulates all potential to achieve educational goals. However, it’s not enough to schools achieve it’s educational goals. There is must be, a cooperation between schools and the community, also between parents and students is very important. However, it’s not an easy thing to realize it, there are several factors can affect student's interest in learning Christian Education—outside factors and from within students.  Keywords: christian education, learning interesting, school,
Hubungan Integritas Guru PAK Dalam Melaksanakan Tugas dan Tanggungjawab Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Nababan Andrianus , Sihombing Warseto Freddy
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship and magnitude of Christian religious teacher’s integrity in carrying out their duties and responsibilities to students of SMP Negeri 2 Lintongnihuta. The number of samples here was 129 students. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire using descriptive analysis. The results showed that there was an effect of Christian religious teacher integrity in carrying out duties and responsibilities to students. This research was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis techniques with the following steps: (1) The relationship test found that rcount r table was 0.621 0.349. It can be concluded that there is a positive relationship between the Integrity of Christian religious Teachers with Duties and Responsibilities, (2) The significant test of the relationship shows that tcount t table is 4.338 2.042. Based on the results of this study, teachers of religious education must have integrity that greatly influences a person in carrying out their duties and responsibilities regularly, consistently, honestly, in accordance with the professional ethics code for Christian religious teachers. As result, student interest and motivation will increase.
NEW RESULTS ON K -PRIME LABELING
Authors:   Department of Mathematics & Statistics, College of Science, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University,, Youssef Maged Z.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we introduce new results on k-prime labeling. First, we discuss the kprime labeling of cycles Cn for some values of k and n . Also we give the k-prime labeling of combs Pn K1and some case of the crowns Cn K1 . Second, we show that all wheels W 2n> 1 are not k-prime for every positive integers k and n while W2n (n 2) is not k-prime for every even positive integers k . Finally, we give the k-prime labeling of the helm Hn (n 3) for 2 k 11 and we show that if k 2(n 1) and k 2n are twin primes where n 3 and k 1, then Hn is k -prime.
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS OF TERRORISM IN THE MODERN SOCIOCULTURAL SITUATION OF THE WORLD COMMUNITY
Authors:   Maykop State Technological University, Makhmudov Rashid
Published: July 2021

The article examines the socio-cultural preconditions of terrorism in the world history of the 20th century. The current situation in the Russian Federation indicates the need to create an effective organizational and legal mechanism for countering terrorism, which infringes on the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the population of the Russian Federation and its state sovereignty. The provisions have been stated that determine the importance of studying the phenomenon of terrorism in the context of the growth of globalization processes and active opposition to them on the part of opponents of globalization. The author emphasizes the idea that deepening of the modern spiritual crisis influences the replacement of traditional moral values with a pragmatic orientation towards personal material success, which greatly contributes to the development of international terrorism. Despite a fairly wide list of subjects empowered by the national legislation of the Russian Federation to fight terrorism, the current legal field has not developed a concept that defines terrorism not only as a form of illegal action, but as a socio-cultural problem. In many respects, this became one of the reasons for the lack of interaction and coordination between the executive authorities and management in terms of its organization and implementation of measures aimed at countering terrorist manifestations. The study concludes that victory in the fight against terrorism cannot be achieved solely by forceful methods and state institutions. Civil society must make its contribution to the fight against terrorism.
RAISING THE ROLE AND AUTHORITY OF A WOMAN IN THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE OF DAGESTAN DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
Authors:   Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography, Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences,, Nagieva Madina
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to relevant scientific problem, since the period of the Great Patriotic War is one of the turning points, nodal moments in the history of our country, in general, and in the history of the female movement in the USSR, in particular. The mass involvement of women in public production, due to the forced development of the economy during the years of industrialization and increased in military time, led to a fundamental change in the status and role of women in the economic, social, political and cultural life of the Soviet society. The relevance of this research is due to the need to study the contribution to the victory of women of the Multiethnic North Caucasus, including Dagestan, a multi-faceted feat of women during the war years, their contribution to victory over fascism deserve high public recognition. The Great Patriotic War contributed to a significant change in the role of a woman in society. The purpose of the research is to show how a woman during the War had to perform the functions that were mainly assigned to men, especially taking into consideration the masculine character of traditional Dagestan society. Documentary materials and special research have been used and the conclusion has been made that during the war women were leading force in solving the tasks of industrial production and agriculture, they were forced to do a heavy work, because all the capable male population were mobilized to the front. The study allows to identify and comprehend the features, the genesis of the development of female activity of the peoples of Dagestan during the war years, to understand the importance and uniqueness of gender-history processes.
АРНАЙЫ ДӘРІГЕРЛІК ТОП СТУДЕНТТЕРІНЕ АРНАЛҒАН БЕЙІМДІК ДЕНЕ ТӘРБИЕСІНІҢ МОДЕЛІ
Authors: Ж Есиркепов  , О Дюсенов
Published: July 2021

Бұл мақалада жоғары оқу орындарында арнайы дәрігерлік топ студенттеріне дене тәрбиесі пәнін жүргізіп, ұйымдастыру барысында кездесетін өзекті мәселелер қарастырылады. Авторлар ЖОО-дағы көпжылдық тәжірибелеріне сүйене отырып, арнайы дәрігерлік топ студенттеріне арналған бейімдік дене тәрбиесінің моделін жасап, тәжірибеге енгізуді ұсынады. Дене мүмкіндіктері шектеулі студенттерді (тірек-қимыл аппараты зақымданған) дене тәрбиесі жаттығуларына жүйелі түрде қатыстыру арқылы қызығушылықтарын арттыру жолдары блоктарға бөлініп, ғылыми тұрғыдан зерттеледі. Жалпы модель үш блоктан тұрады. Әр блокта тірек-қимыл аппараты ауыратын студенттерді сауықтыру мәселелері жан-жақты зерделенеді.
An Analysis Attempt on Beyimbet Maylin's Story “Shuganin belgisi”
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakhstan, Zhiyenbayev E. , Akylbek S. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

The unique writer Beimbet Mailin made a significant contribution to the development of Kazakh prose in the early twentieth century. Obviously, a socialist-realistic approach prevails in his stories. The writer, who has been exposed to the difficulties of life since his childhood, described what he saw and experienced in his works with aesthetic expressions. In addition to this, it is seen that he takes care of minor issues in society, without going into the depths of history, expressing the mentality and changes of his age with deep feelings. In his stories, he not only realistic described the life of the lower and middle classes, but also critically analyzed the situation in society. In this study, we analyzed B. Mailin’s story “Shuganın belgisi” using a modern method of text analysis, which is widely used in Turkish literature, and tried to determine the literary value of the text and the views of the writer. In the course of the analysis of the text, the political and cultural views of the Kazakh people at the beginning of the twentieth century, the structure of the text, the concepts of character, time and space were analyzed, and the topic was determined. Linguistic features and writing style have been clarified.
Сolor Names Created from Minerals and Precious Stones through Concrete in Russian
Authors:   Ordu University, Türkiye, Mulkıbayeva Е. , Aliyeva L. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakhstan, Tulendiyeva F. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

Naming created by combining the main and intermediate color names, while introducing the specific features of each language, it also shows the productivity of that language and its influence from other languages. It is seen that such denominations produced in the source language are also found in other languages. This work, Color names in V.K. Harchenko's Great Dictionary of Color Names in Russian (Bolshoi Slovar Tsvetooboznaçeniy v Russkom Yazıke) published in 2014 were scanned and prepared. It has been determined that there are 6000 color names in the dictionary. In the study, the color names formed by the concretization of the elements included in the basic vocabulary such as various chemicals, metals and precious stones were compiled and their Turkish equivalents were given. In accordance with the grammar of Russian, new colors were obtained by means of prefixes and some other construction suffixes based on these color names. In addition, the main color tone can be formed from a single word or by combining two or three phrases. In this way, the new color names that emerged with the help of the degree of colors are given in alphabetical order. It has been observed that simile and inspiration play a role in naming colors based on concretization.
STRUCTURE AND PECULIARITIES OF THE CHALLENGE BASED LEARNING APPROACH
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakhstan, AKESHOVA M. , ARIPZHAN G. ,   International University of Tourism and Hospitality, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

Today’s students are presented with content-centric assignments that meet standards but lack a real-world context and opportunities for active participation. Because these assignments often fail to engage students, they can lead to uninspired work and a gradual process of disengagement. To address this need, Apple Inc. worked with teachers and leaders in the education community to develop a new approach to teaching and learning called Challenge Based Learning. Challenge-based learning (CBL) is a pedagogic approach for K12 education pioneered by education staff at Apple, Inc. that has its roots in problem-based learning and the work of John Dewey. The approach focuses on increasing student engagement. Unlike problem-based learning, CBL is a collaborative learning experience in which teachers and students work together to learn about compelling issues, propose solutions to real problems, and take action. The approach asks students to reflect on their learning and the impact of their actions, and publish their solutions to a worldwide audience. This article discusses the formation and characteristics of the Challenge Based Learning approach.
A Global Review on Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: P Natarajan. , P Mumthaj. , J Vijay. , V Gokul.
Published: July 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an inevitable neurological disorder in which the death of brain cells causes memory loss and cognitive
decline and ultimate dementia. It’s the foremost common cause of dementia in people of 65 years and older. It was first described
by a neurologist Alois Alzheimer in 1906. This review article gives an account on the various symptoms from pre-dementia to severe
Alzheimer’s dementia. The Alzheimer’s disease is caused by the pathogenesis by accumulation of toxic amyloid-? plaques (A?) and
Hyper phosphorylated tau (p-tau). The greatest risk factors for late onset Alzheimer’s are age, genetics, family history and non-genetic
factors (heart health, life style modifications, and environmental changes). The diagnosis of AD advances in genetics, the event of
biomarkers of neuro degeneration and neuroimaging discovery utilizes the method to detect AD. The medication use to treat AD is
acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl D aspartate antagonists and various drugs are under clinical trials.
Modelo hidráulico para delimitación de faja marginal rio Caplina Sector Rio Seco, distrito G. Albarracin L. - Tacna - 2020
Authors: Irma Santos Mamani , Coaquira Ticona Eudalia , Vilcanqui Alarcón Alexander Nicolas
Published: July 2021

El propósito del trabajo es desarrollar el modelo hidráulico y determinar la delimitación de la faja marginal del rio Caplina sector Rio Seco, para salvaguardar la vida humana y la protección de zonas intangibles de propiedad marginal para nuestro análisis se consideró la cuenca Caplina y la cuenca Uchusuma que confluyen los ríos para continuar con su recorrido el rio Caplina sector Rio Seco distrito G. Albarracín L.; en el procesamiento de datos se usó los programas: Hidroesta 2, ArcGis, HEC HMS, y finalmente HEC RAS para la obtención caudales máximos, inundaciones para la delimitación de la faja marginal para este caso se trabajó con un periodo de retorno de 100 años según indica el reglamento para la delimitación y mantenimiento de fajas marginales del año 2016 para ríos en zona urbana, obteniendo un resultado satisfactorio para la población ya que el rio seguirá su cauce con normalidad
Utilidad del CANs SCORE para valoración clínica del estado nutricional del recién nacido de término
Authors: Armaza C Ada X. , Medina B Marcos , Gareca Edgar , Dorado R Carlos , Mamani Ortiz Yercin , Romero Diana
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: demostrar la utilidad de la Evaluación Clínica Neonatal utilizando el CANs SCORE (Evaluación Clínica del Estado Nutricional), desarrollado y publicado por Mettcoff en 1994.
Métodos: se realizó un estudio piloto transversal de marzo a junio de 2018, en el Hospital Cochabamba, de nivel II, seleccionando 50 recién nacidos a término que presentasen signos clínicos para desnutrición según la escala de Mettcoff. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas completas y exámenes de parámetros de laboratorio relacionados. Se utilizaron comparaciones de medias y correlaciones con valores del score-Z calculado mediante la herramienta Intergrowth- 21st, para evaluar los datos.
Resultados: se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los parámetros antropométricos básicos evaluados como peso, talla, perímetro cefálico. Además, la evaluación mediante la escala de Mettcoff permitió la detección de DESNUTRICIÓN FETAL en recién nacidos que de otra manera se clasificarían como de peso adecuado para la Edad Gestacional (AEG). En el laboratorio los hallazgos fueron: disminución o aumento de las concentraciones de algunos de los parámetros bioquímicos evaluados; los más llamativos fueron la disminución de los niveles de albúmina sérica; también disminución de las concentraciones de calcio en más del 90% de la población estudiada y una elevación sistemática de los valores de creatinina en la mayoría, 80% de los casos.
Conclusiones: el puntaje CANs es una herramienta clínica útil, sencilla y de fácil aplicación que permite identificar con mayor precisión el grado de desnutrición en recién nacidos y podría validarse estadísticamente en series más amplias y estudios sistemáticos.
Manejo farmacológico domiciliario de emergencia para pacientes COVID-19 positivos
Authors: Pablo Jaldin Juan , Treviño Alexia , Alvarez Arturo , Sadud Sharel , Peña Mauricio
Published: July 2021

La presente misiva se encuentra dirigida a la Gaceta Médica Boliviana, con nuestras mayores consideraciones:

Ante la contingencia actual en nuestro medio y debido a la emergencia sanitaria que nos encontramos viviendo desde la gestión pasada, nuestro equipo médico de Martixa-Telemedicina realizó una revisión sistemática y amplia de los posibles esquemas de tratamiento para la COVID-19. Queremos que la presente sea un aporte en la crisis de salud que nos aqueja como país y de forma mundial.
BERGER, P. & HUNTİNGTON, S. (2003). BİR KÜRE BİN BİR KÜRESELLEŞME. (ÇEV.). ORTAÇ, A. İSTANBUL: KİTAP YAYINEVİ.
Authors: KARADENİZ Yeliz
Published: July 2021

Bu kitap, 395 sayfadan oluşmaktadır. Bu kitabın hazırlanmasında, 320 kaynaktan yararlanılmıştır. Kitap, ISEC (Ekonomik Kültür Araştırmaları Enstitüsü) gözetiminde on ülkede yürütülen üç yıllık araştırmanın ürünüdür. Araştırmanın gerçekleşmesinde önemli kaynak aktarımını bazı vakıflar üstlenmiştir. Araştırmada ele alınan her ülke ayrı bir makaleden oluşmaktadır. Makale yazarları; sosyolog, antropolog ve siyaset bilimcilerden oluşmaktadır.
İletişim ve teknoloji alanındaki büyük değişimler, toplumlar arası etkileşimi ileri bir seviyeye götürmektedir. Bu sayede, bireyler ve toplumlar arasında benzer yaşam biçimleri, alışkanlıklar ve zevkler oluşmaktadır. Bunun diğer bir anlamı küresel kültürün ortaya çıkmasıdır. Küreselleşme ekonomik, sosyal, kültürel ve siyasal bir olgudur. Bununla beraber küreselleşmenin ağırlık merkezinin ekonomik olduğu şüphesizdir. Bundan dolayı, küreselleşme meseleleri de çoğunlukla ekonomik niteliklidir. Ancak bu çalışmada, küreselleşme ekonomik boyutunun ötesinde kültürel bir olgu olarak analiz edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada seçilen on ülkede etkili olan küresel güçlerden bahsedilmekte, bu güçlerin yerel kültürle etkileşimi incelenmektedir. O halde çalışmanın konusuna medeniyetlerin bakış açısıyla kültürel küreselleşme denilebilir.
Management of infundibular neurosarcoidosis with corticosteroids
Authors:   Service d’Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU Bab El Oued, Alger – Algérie, Azzoug Said , Chentli Farida
Published: July 2021

Introduction : La neurosarcoïdose hypothalamo-hypophysaire est une pathologie rare et son traitement n’est pas bien codifié ; nous rapportons à ce propos l’observation d’une patiente qui a présenté une sarcoïdose infundibulaire infiltrant le chiasma optique et qui a répondu favorablement à la corticothérapie. Observation : Mme B.F âgée de 35 ans s’était présenté en consultation pour un syndrome aménorrhée/galactorrhée, l’examen clinique ainsi que le bilan hormonal avaient mis en évidence une insuffisance antéhypophysaire, un diabète insipide et une hyperprolactinémie modérée. L’IRM cérébrale mettait en évidence un épaississement de la tige pituitaire mesuré à 9 mm infiltrant le chiasma optique qui était épaissi. Le diagnostic de neurosarcoïdose a été retenu devant l’élévation de l’enzyme de conversion et le scanner thoracique qui retrouva l’aspect d’une sarcoïdose médiastinopulmonaire stade 2. La patiente a été mise sous Prednisone à la dose de 1 mg/kg/j, l’évolution était marquée par une diminution de l’épaississement de la tige pituitaire et une régression de l’infiltration du chiasma optique, les lésions médiastino-pulmonaires étaient stationnaires. Sur le plan biologique, l’enzyme de conversion s’est normalisée, l’insuffisance antéhypophysaire par contre était persistante. Conclusion : Les corticoïdes peuvent être efficaces dans la sarcoïdose hypothalamohypophysaire, même s’ils ne permettent pas le plus souvent la récupération de la fonction hypophysaire, ils peuvent faire régresser les lésions et diminuer le risque de compression des structures de voisinage.
Colic endometriosis: report of 2 cases
Authors:   Unité d’endoscopie digestive, CHU Batna, Algérie, Merzouki Wissem , Khouni Saida , Benazza Ali ,   Service de Chirurgie Générale, CHU Batna, Algérie, Bafdel Omar , Hadj Brahim Aissa ,   Service de radiologie, EPH El Meniaa, Ghardaia, Algérie, Guerfi Sihem ,   Service d’anatomopathologie, CHU Batna, Algérie, Khadraoui Hachani
Published: July 2021

L'endométriose est une affection gynécologique touchant 5 à 10 % des femmes en activité génitale. La localisation intestinale est la forme extra pelvienne la plus fréquente de l’endométriose ; son diagnostic reste difficile et peut même simuler, dans certains cas, un cancer du colon. Nous rapportons 2 observations cliniques d’endométriose colique, la première à localisation rare caecoappendiculaire suspecte de malignité et la deuxième de siège rectal, chez 2 jeunes femmes mariées en pleine activité génitale dont une est nullipare. Dans les 2 cas, la découverte de la masse endométriotique a été radiologique (TDM abdomino-pelvienne, IRM pelvienne) réalisée à la suite de manifestations cliniques assez variables (douleurs pelviennes chroniques, dyschésie rectale). L’atteinte digestive est dans les 2 cas associée à une atteinte gynécologique ; la coloscopie a été normale chez la première patiente ; par contre elle a mis en évidence chez la deuxième patiente au 5ème jour du cycle, une rectite congestive avec un aspect bombé correspondant à la compression de l’endométriose de la cloison recto-vaginale. Les 2 patientes ont reçu un traitement hormonal (contraceptif) pendant une durée de 3 à 6 mois avec un contrôle gynécologique ; par contre la patiente chez qui on a découvert une masse cœco-appendiculaire suspecte, a bénéficié d’un traitement chirurgical radical. L’évolution sous traitement a été favorable chez les 2 patientes.
Diagnosis of asymptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using spirometry
Authors:   Service de physiologie et des explorations fonctionnelles, CHU Benflis touhami, Batna, Algérie. _________, Ferhi Salah , Kermiche Boubakeur , Chibout Naouel , Guedjati Mohamed Ridha
Published: July 2021

Le dépistage de la Broncho-pneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO) asymptomatique reste, sur le plan scientifique, un sujet de controverse. Pas d’études contrôlées prouvant en chiffre un bénéfice notablement supérieur aux dépenses allouées pour une telle mesure préventive, du moins jusqu'à 2008. Cette réalité scientifique n’a pas empêché beaucoup de spécialistes dans le domaine de la BPCO, d’une façon individuelle ou collective à travers des sociétés savantes nationales ou internationales de préconiser son dépistage, du moins dans des populations à risques, tabagiques surtout. Une attitude de bon sens, devant une pathologie qui constitue un réel problème de santé publique dans les pays industrialisés comme dans les pays en voie de développement, de par sa prévalence, sa morbidité, sa mortalité et ses dépenses élevées et pour laquelle, sont réunis dans une large mesure les critères de dépistage d’une pathologie chronique adoptés par l’OMS. Ce dépistage se fait par la mesure du souffle (spirométrie). Idéalement par des mini spiromètres en consultation de médecine générale. Une confirmation reste nécessaire après test de bronchodilatation qui se fait habituellement au niveau des laboratoires ou des unités d’exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire. Des efforts de sensibilisation adressés à la population générale aux responsables politiques et aux professionnels de santé notamment aux médecins généralistes, sur la gravité de la BPCO et l’élargissement de l’utilisation de la spirométrie, à différents niveaux de la consultation, semblent être la plateforme d’un dépistage efficace.
Molecular biology and thyroid cancer
Authors:   Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Centre AntiCancéreux Batna, Algérie, Nezzar Adlen
Published: July 2021

Pendant les 20 dernières années, la compréhension de la biologie moléculaire des cancers de la thyroïde a progressé, le développement des analyses moléculaires laisse entrevoir des implications importantes pour une aide au diagnostic en pathologie thyroïdienne ; ces analyses moléculaires peuvent aussi potentiellement permettre de mieux apprécier le pronostic de certaines lésions thyroïdiennes. Quatre types de mutation représentent la grande majorité des mutations somatiques actuellement connues, ayant le plus grand impact pour le diagnostic et le pronostic des carcinomes folliculaires et papillaires de la thyroïde : il s’agit des mutations ponctuelles de BRAF et de RAS et des réarrangements de RET/PTC et de PAX8/ PPARγ. Les mutations constitutionnelles de RET permettent de distinguer les formes familiales et les formes sporadiques des carcinomes médullaires de la thyroïde. La mutation activatrice V600E du gène BRAF est l’évènement oncogénique le plus fréquent et le plus spécifique des carcinomes papillaires (CP). Les miARN devraient rapidement avoir un intérêt diagnostique des tumeurs folliculaires sur cytoponction, grâce aux travaux récents explorant un plus grand nombre de classes tumorales et notamment des groupes de tumeurs histologiquement atypiques.
Zur vermittlung von während und seit im daf-unterricht an spanischsprechende aus konstruktionsgrammatischer sicht – ein vorschlag
Authors: Gierden Vega Carmen
Published: July 2021

Multidimensionalität ist eine Eigenschaft grammatischer Erscheinungen, wobei sich Bedeutungskonstellationen und syntaktische Ausprägungen die Hand geben. Ausgehend von dem Prinzip, das Syntax Bedeutung kreiert, beschäftigt sich der folgende Beitrag mit der Kasuistik von seit und während im DaF-Unterricht, um sich dann mit ihren Äquivalenten im Spanischen auseinanderzusetzen. Die Leistungen von seit(dem) und während sollen hier als unterrichtsrelevantes Thema kognitiv dimensioniert werden, da eine zufriedenstellende Beschreibung in grammatischen Handbüchern noch aussteht. Deshalb wird in erster Linie von den Bedürfnissen des Rezipienten ausgegangen, um dann Erläuterungssansätze zu den Problemfeldern aufzuzeigen, mit deren Hilfe DaF-Lerner bewusst für ihren korrekten Gebrauch sensibilisiert werden können. Die Grundprinzipien der Konstruktionsgrammatik, eines kognitiv und funktional orientierten grammatischen Modells, sollen dabei behilflich sein.
A mixed-methods study of online learning in the EFL classroom
Authors: Girón-García Carolina , Boghiu-Balaur Sorina
Published: July 2021

The need to adapt classroom materials to maintain students’ interest to learn the subject matter in an engaging environment, by means of Information and Communication Technologies, becomes a first concern. The purpose of this mixed-methods study, which involves a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data analyses, is to survey the perceptions and engagement of higher education students as regards learning theoretical content and vocabulary through the implementation of two online called ‘Cybertasks’. The participants were administered two perception questionnaires in order to gather information concerning their previous knowledge and their acquired knowledge. Additionally, a final written exam was delivered to determine whether there is a correlation between students’ satisfaction with Cybertask completion and their academic achievement. The results indicate that students with higher levels of engagement towards the use of the Cybertask to improve their acquisition of theoretical content and vocabulary showed higher academic achievement in their final exam. 
Kepler y el teorema fundamental de la óptica
Authors: Cardona Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2021

En el artículo se ofrece un análisis de los argumentos que condujeron a Kepler a la defensa y demostración del teorema fundamental de la óptica. Según este teorema, un haz homocéntrico de luz que se ve obligado a atravesar una esfera transparente, siempre que la amplitud del haz no sea mayor, se concentra de nuevo en un punto al otro lado de la esfera. La demostración de Kepler se compara con la ofrecida por Malebranche años más tarde. Este teorema fue determinante para la consolidación de la óptica moderna.
Antirrealismo e Expressivismo Lógico
Authors: Ferreira Acácio , Silva Marcos
Published: July 2021

Em sua obra, Robert Brandom apresenta uma teoria expressivista da lógica. Segundo o autor, a lógica tem o papel expressivo de tornar explı́citas as relações inferenciais implı́citas em nossas práticas linguı́sticas. Estas relações inferenciais conferem conteúdo aos conceitos. Neste artigo, exploraremos a tese de que o expressivismo lógico de Brandom é uma teoria antirrealista acerca da lógica. Realistas lógicos costumam defender a existência independente de fatos lógicos em relação a nossas práticas cognitivas e linguı́sticas, de modo que a lógica, uma vez que seria capaz de representar estes fatos, descreveria verdadeiramente a estrutura da realidade. Por contraste, antirrealistas lógicos não se comprometem com a existência independente de fatos lógicos para entenderem a natureza da lógica. Em contraste com uma visão realista, mostramos que o antirrealismo de Brandom tem como consequências uma ontologia simples e econômica e a fundação de uma alternativa pragmatista para se examinar a normatividade da lógica, o fenômeno da pluralidade de lógicas rivais e a natureza de nossa racionalidade.
Logical theory revision through data underdetermination: an anti-exceptionalist exercise
Authors: Molick Sanderson
Published: July 2021

The anti-exceptionalist debate brought into play the problem of what are the relevant data for logical theories and how such data affects the validities accepted by a logical theory. In the present paper, I depart from Laudan's reticulated model of science to analyze one aspect of this problem, namely of the role of logical data within the process of revision of logical theories. For this, I argue that the ubiquitous nature of logical data is responsible for the proliferation of several distinct methodologies for logical theories. The resulting picture is coherent with the Laudanean view that agreement and disagreement between scientific theories take place at different levels. From this perspective, one is able to articulate other kinds of divergence that considers not only the inferential aspects of a given logical theory, but also the epistemic aims and the methodological choices that drive its development.
Interviewen, interviewen, interviewen
Authors: Evers Jeanine
Published: July 2021

Zowel de serie van Fielding als het handboek van Gubrium & Holstein bestaat uit een collectie artikelen van verschillende auteurs. De serie van Fielding bestaat uit een collectie 'klassiekers' (92 artikelen) door hem geselecteerd uit eerder gepubliceerde tijdschriften uit de periode 1924-2000. Om tot deze selectie te komen, heeft hij 430 artikelen beoordeeld op kwaliteit, wat hij omschrijft als 'Quality is an idea that we have not heard before, and that stimulates us to change our thinking to embrace or (at least) accommodate it.'(IX). Naast dit innovatieve aspect heeft hij ook geprobeerd artikelen te selecteren die de discussie rond een bepaald thema weergeven. De serie is opgebouwd vanuit een procesbenadering van onderzoek; door de toevoeging van enkele discussieartikelen wordt daarnaast een thematisch overzicht geboden. Fielding erkent in zijn inleiding dat deze selectie niet iedereen gelukkig zal maken, maar hij geeft heel goed aan waar hij zelf staat (symbolisch interactionist), wat zijn achtergrond is en wat de selectiemechanismen zijn geweest. Het handboek van Gubrium & Holstein beslaat 42 artikelen die speciaal voor dit boek werden geschreven. De redacteurs beogen met dit handboek niet alleen een soort encyclopedisch naslagwerk met betrekking tot de huidige stand van zaken rond interviewen, maar zij willen ook een verhaal vertellen. Het verhaal van de 'interview society', waar interviewen niet meer sec een dataverzamelingstechniek is, maar een integraal onderdeel van de samenleving (XI). Interviewen heeft een democratiserende functie gekregen, waarbij de rol van interviewer en onderzochte in de loop der tijd veranderd is naar een meer gelijkwaardige.
Meer theorie dan inzicht
Authors: Vreekamp Henk
Published: July 2021

In haar inleiding Het levendige linkse activisme als onderdeel van de sociale betrokkenheid van velen, schetst docent Saskia Poldervaart het theoretisch kader waarbinnen het leeronderzoek van haar studenten naar nieuwe sociale bewegingen plaatsgreep. De bundel wil het standaardwerk van Jan Willem Duyvendak et al. uit 1992 actualiseren en aanvullen waar het de alternatieve bewegingen betreft die slechts gedeeltelijk of juist helemaal niet de confrontatie met de politieke instituties zoeken. Menige bijdrage hanteert nadrukkelijk de criteria van Duyvendak: de externe gerichtheid van een beweging, het oordeel over het eigen politieke doel, gebruik van niet-geïnstitutionaliseerde middelen, het bestaan van een netwerk en de nieuwswaarde. De bij politicologen zo dominante benadering van de rational choice lijkt onhanteerbaar omdat deze uitgaat van een individuele kosten-batenanalyse waardoor het moeilijk wordt de alternatieve beweging als zodanig, maar ook de sociale participatie via het vrijwilligerswerk in kaart te brengen.
Dubbelzinnigheid of creatieve spanning in de GT-benadering?
Authors: Smaling Adri
Published: July 2021

Ten Have kenschetst de historische positie die Barney Glaser & Anselm Strauss (1967) innemen zeer treffend als een dubbele polemiek. Enerzijds verwerpen zij de in hun tijd gebruikelijke, meestal kwantitatieve hypothetico-deductieve benadering van wetenschappelijk verklaren. Hierin is de vraag hoe de te toetsen hypothese of theorie eigenlijk is ontstaan, niet aan de orde. Zij verkiezen daarentegen het verzamelde onderzoeksmateriaal als uitgangspunt te nemen voor het vormen van wetenschappelijke kennis ('inductivisme'). Anderzijds wijzen zij een tegenovergestelde, theorieloze werkwijze, toentertijd nogal gebruikelijk in kwalitatief onderzoek, evenzeer af: anecdotisme, idiografische interpretatie of loutere beschrijving. Daarom stellen zij een methodologie voor om uitgaande van het onderzoeksmateriaal tot de ontwikkeling van een theorie te komen: de gefundeerde theoriebenadering (Grounded Theory of GT-benadering). Aldus pogen zij beide kwaden te vermijden.
Wanneer je het de leerlingen vraagt...
Authors: van der Wel Jacob
Published: July 2021

Voor sommigen die, zoals ik, in de jaren zeventig naar de middelbare school zijn gegaan, is leerlingenparticipatie een lost cause. Geïnspireerd door oudere broers en zussen op de universiteit en door een progressieve maatschappijvisie kende iedere school wel haar actieve leerlingen die de misstanden op school aan de kaak wilden stellen; leerlingen die het recht meenden te hebben om zelf hun schoolloopbaan vorm te geven of, minimaal, daar meer grip op te krijgen. Helaas dacht de conrector daar anders over, misschien ook wel typisch voor het onderwijs: 'Jij kan die verantwoordelijkheid misschien wel aan, maar de meeste andere leerlingen niet en aangezien we hier op school maar één lijn kunnen trekken, betekent dit dat die lijn ook voor jou geldt'. Pessimisten onder de professionele volgers van het onderwijs stellen dat er al jarenlang niets wezenlijk veranderd is in het onderwijs. Het klaslokaal ziet er niet erg anders uit dan pakweg honderd jaar geleden en ook de rolverdeling tussen leerkracht en leerling is in grote lijnen gelijk gebleven. Dit wil niet zeggen dat er niet wordt nagedacht over andere vormen en vormgeving van het onderwijs. Een voorbeeld van nieuw onderwijsbeleid is de nota 'Brede scholen' die in april 2000 aan de Tweede kamer is aangeboden. In deze nota is toegezegd dat onder meer de mogelijkheden van leerlingenparticipatie onderwerp zou moeten zijn van nader onderzoek. In dat kader is in 2001 het onderzoek uitgevoerd waarvan de rapportage hier besproken wordt.
Verplegen bij versterven; de meerwaarde van intensief participeren
Authors: Pasman Roeline
Published: July 2021

In de zomer van 1997 ontstond in Nederland een discussie over 'versterven'. De centrale vraag daarbij was of verpleeghuispatiënten met dementie, die zelf niet of nauwelijks meer eten en/of drinken, wel of niet kunstmatig vocht en/of voedsel (KVV) toegediend moeten krijgen. Aanleiding hiervoor was de aanklacht van de familie van een patiënt tegen een Gronings verpleeghuis, waar men zonder medeweten van de familie de patiënt bewust zou hebben laten uitdrogen. De kwaliteit van de verpleeghuiszorg in Nederland werd ter discussie gesteld en er was onduidelijkheid over de gevolgen voor patiënten als ze niet kunstmatig worden gevoed.
In gesprek met jonge kinderen
Authors: van der Wel Jacob
Published: July 2021

Luister je wel naar mij? is een handboek voor vraaggericht werken met jonge kinderen dat in 2000 voor het eerst verscheen. Het boek is met name bedoeld voor jeugdhulpverleners van divers pluimage, mensen dus die beroepshalve met kinderen werken. Het is echter bruikbaar voor iedereen die wel eens kinderen interviewt. In de inleiding van het boek stelt de auteur, Martine Delfos, dat er nauwelijks literatuur over gespreksvoering met kinderen voor handen is. In boeken als Thomas Gordons Luisteren naar kinderen (Nederlandse publicatie in 1989) wordt daar vanuit opvoedkundig oogpunt weliswaar aandacht aan besteed, het betreft dan vaak werken die we wat oneerbiedig tot de categorie 'ouderzelfhulp' rekenen. Delfos' boek beleefde in betrekkelijk korte tijd acht herdrukken (waaronder twee herziene drukken) en voorziet dus duidelijk in een behoefte. Overigens vond ik het opmerkelijk dat het voorheen kennelijk ontbrak aan een handboek als dit. Onwillekeurig vraag je je af wat dan binnen de jeugdhulpverlening de grondslag was van het vraaggericht werken met kinderen. Dit vormt voor veel hulpverleners toch een belangrijk onderdeel van hun dagelijkse werkzaamheden.