bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ergonomia Verde e Sustentabilidade: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Gaitan Aneyquel Ricardo , Paula Xavier Antonio Augusto , Silveira Nunes Bianka Brekailo
Published: November 2019

A sustentabilidade tornou-se um assunto de considerável importância devido aos diversos problemas ambientais e as mudanças climáticas que está sofrendo nosso planeta. Na necessidade de procurar soluções para essa problemática, da ergonomia nasce um termo chamado Ergonomia Verde para auxiliar a um adequado desenvolvimento sustentável. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o que se conhece atualmente sobre Ergonomia verde e sua relação com a sustentabilidade. Para elaborar esta revisão foram utilizados artigos recentes internacionais extraídos das bases de dados Scopus e Science Direct. Neste estudo serão apresentados conceitos, princípios e aplicações da Ergonomia Verde. Encontrou-se que a popularmente conhecida na literatura como Green Ergonomics se faz presente principalmente nas áreas de inovação em desenhos de sistemas e produtos amigáveis com a natureza. Ambas as disciplinas se complementam com o objetivo de criar um ambiente sustentável e a sua vez favorecer e beneficiar ao ser humano.
O Uso da RFID em Sistemas Hospitalares: Uma Análise de Periódicos Internacionais
Authors: Viera Isabela Maria Monteiro , Muniz Emerson Cleister Lima , Santos Camille Juliane , Oliveira Helber Bittencourt de Jesus , Souza Larissa Carvalho Gois
Published: November 2019

O fluxo de pessoas, materiais e equipamentos em hospitais é alto, fazendo com que sua gestão seja uma tarefa complexa, pois deve-se zelar pela vida e segurança dos pacientes. Para tanto, um conjunto de novas tecnologias é inserido no mercado, como o sistema de identificação por radiofrequência - RFID - Radio Frequency Identification. Este sistema visa facilitar o gerenciamento de informações através do rastreamento de equipes médicas, pacientes, medicamentos e equipamentos. Assim, este artigo objetiva mapear os principais benefícios e implicações gerados nos sistemas hospitalares em decorrência do uso desta tecnologia. O trabalho embasou-se em uma pesquisa bibliográfica em bases de dados internacionais que permitiu a construção de uma síntese das principais informações obtidas com a aplicação desta tecnologia. Com a análise, conclui-se que a RFID tem capacidade de proporcionar benefícios significativos em sistemas hospitalares quanto ao gerenciamento de materiais, equipamentos e pessoas, e a sua implantação auxilia o processo de tomada de decisão destes ambientes. Em complemento, destaca-se também a possibilidade de uso da RFID em sistemas distintos da logística.
Consolidation effects on monotonic and cyclic capacity of plate anchors in sand
Authors: Chow Shiao Huey , Diambra Andrea , O'Loughlin Conleth D. , Gaudin Christophe , Randolph Mark F.
Published: November 2019

This study investigated the change in monotonic and cyclic capacity of a plate anchor across different degrees of consolidation in dense sand. To quantify the effect of consolidation on anchor capacity, a framework is introduced and validated using centrifuge model anchor test data. The centrifuge tests considered a rectangular plate loaded at varying rates in dense sand, under both monotonic and irregular cyclic conditions, at a fixed embedment depth and with a horizontal load inclination (at the seabed). In order to vary from drained to undrained conditions, the sand was saturated using both water and a viscous pore fluid with viscosity approximately 700 times higher than water. The anchor's ultimate monotonic capacity in dense sand increased by up to 173% as the consolidation response evolved from drained to undrained with generation of dilation-induced suction. This increase in capacity across the consolidation regime can be adequately quantified using the proposed framework; however, uncertainty arises in achieving the theoretical undrained capacity. Both drained and undrained irregular cyclic loading resulted in anchor capacity increases of up to 33%, attributed to soil volume changes associated with cyclic densification under drained cyclic loading and excess pore pressure dissipation under undrained cyclic loading.
Nano-modified concrete at sub-zero temperatures: experimental and statistical modelling
Authors: Yasien Ahmed M. , Bassuoni Mohamed T.
Published: November 2019

In cold regions, concrete practitioners face challenges when trying to achieve quality results with concrete produced under low temperatures. The addition of nano-silica, which has vigorous reactivity, to concrete can produce mixtures with a dense microstructure and improved hardened properties under cold temperatures. Thus, this research focused on gaining a fundamental understanding of the performance of nano-modified concrete which was mixed, cast and cured at a temperature of −5°C, without any method of heating or insulation. This study adopted the response surface method as a statistical modelling approach to assess the effect of different parameters on the performance of 28 mixtures. Four factors were implemented in this model – water/binder ratio, fly ash content (0–25%), nano-silica dosage (0–4%) and type of antifreeze admixtures – followed by optimisation scenarios. The mixtures’ performance was assessed based on multiple responses: initial and final setting times, early- and late-age compressive strengths and resistance to freezing–thawing cycles. In addition, mercury intrusion porosimetry, thermogravimetry and backscattered scanning electron microscopy were conducted to capture the microstructural evolution of the mixtures. Nano-modified mixtures with and without fly ash, especially with a low water/binder ratio (0·32) and high calcium nitrite content, showed promising performance when cast under cold weather conditions without any protection method.
Neuro-hybrid simulation of non-linear frames using Prandtl neural networks
Authors: Sharghi Amir Hossein , Karami Mohammadi Reza , Farrokh Mojtaba
Published: November 2019

In a hybrid simulation, a structure is divided into numerical and physical substructures in order to obtain more accurate responses in comparison to a full computational analysis. It is more computationally efficient to test complicated parts physically and model the remaining parts using a standard finite-element program. However, due to a lack of test facilities (for example due to specimen size, capacity of the hydraulic power pack, limitations of reaction frames and walls, and the number and capacity of actuators) and budget limitations, only a few substructures can be tested experimentally and the others have to be modelled numerically. Here, a new framework for hybrid simulation is introduced, which uses well-trained neural networks instead of physical substructures. This new framework is called a neuro-hybrid simulation (NHS). With the aim of overcoming the limitations of hybrid simulations (the need for numerous substructures, errors arising from the test setup, data acquisition, simultaneous interaction of experimental and numerical parts and so on), an initially trained Prandtl neural network is used to act as a virtual physical substructure. The proposed NHS was verified with some numerical examples, based on which the capability and accuracy of the framework was proven.
Does Intergenerational Mobility Increase Corporate Profits?
Authors: Albertus James F. , Smolyansky Michael
Published: November 2019

We find that firms located in areas with higher intergenerational mobility are more profitable. Building off the work of Chetty and Hendren (2018a and 2018b)—who provide measures of intergenerational mobility for all commuting zones (essentially, metropolitan areas) within the U.S.—we are the first to show the positive association between intergenerational mobility and corporate profitability. Our regressions compare firms in the same industry at the same point in time and fully control for time-varying state-level shocks. As such, our findings cannot be explained by either differences in industry composition across localities or by variation in state-level economic conditions; nor can our results be explained by differences in firm characteristics or by local economic conditions. Rather, we argue that our findings are best explained by intergenerational mobility influencing human capital formation. Areas with higher mobility do a better job in unlocking their residents’ innate talents, which in turn is associated with improved performance by locally headquartered firms. In essence, our results uncover a positive link between greater equality of opportunity and increased corporate profitability.
HPV vaccines for prevention of cervical pre-cancer in adolescent girls and women
Authors: Li Jia Jian , Stetz Jessica
Published: November 2019

The evidence presented in this Cochrane meta-analysis shows the HPV vaccination confers significant benefit in preventing cervical pre-cancer. NNT of 60 for preventing one cervical pre-cancer (women 15 to 25 years old with or without HPV infection). The effect is higher for lesions associated with HPV16/18. The data also demonstrates an absence of serious adverse events. Therefore, we have assigned a color recommendation of Green (Benefit > Harm) to this vaccine.
CasX Cleavage Assay v1
Authors: O'Brien Liz , Tsuchida Connor
Published: November 2019

This protocol describes a CasX Cleavage Assay.
Neoliberalism Meets “Gangnam Style”: Vernacular Private Sector and Large Urban Developments in Seoul
Authors: Park Jinhee
Published: November 2019

Globalised neoliberalism does not unify urbanisation processes but rather varies according to local contexts. This article explores the unique neoliberalisation process in large urban developments that have contributed to Seoul becoming a global city. Not only has the formal process of privatisation been important but also the vernacular practice of the ordinary people has informally grown during the process. By establishing a matured market of the mass production and consumption of high-rise apartments since the 1970s, more than half of the housing stock is now composed of high-rise apartments in South Korea. Gangnam represents the wealthiest district shifting from rural sites to highly dense urban areas due to their large-scale high-rise developments. Not only have societal changes made way for super-high-density apartment complexes as a rational response to population and economic growth, high-rise developments have also allowed Seoul to grow its population and expand its spatial footprint. Because of the dominance of universal western knowledge, this phenomenon has not been fully understood. While neoliberalism has been broadly adopted, the actual development process in Korea is distinctive not only from the West but also the East. The article argues that ‘vernacular neoliberalism’ has evolved not just by the formality of the ideological market system but also by the informality of survival practices of Korean lives largely under the colonial period and the aftermath of the Korean War. It particularly shows how large urban developments have been widespread by integrating a vernacular private rental system called chonsei into the formal structure.
Large Urban Developments as Non-Planning Products: Conflicts and Threats for Spatial Planning
Authors: Ioannou Byron , Nicolaou Lora , Serraos Konstantinos , Spiliopoulou Georgia
Published: November 2019

The article approaches different concepts of Large Urban Developments (LUDs) as products of the notion of a “spatial fix” (Harvey, 2001), which explains why built or natural environments can be deployed in the process of creating opportunities for new investments. Greece and Cyprus are two countries in the south of the European Union that underwent delayed urbanisation and significant land fragmentation in the form of small size private ownerships and with limited experience in comprehensive development. Greece has adopted a well-structured but complex spatial planning system, bureaucratic with limited effectiveness, adaptability or flexibility of delivery processes. On the other hand, Cyprus has a flexible but centralized system, effective in processing change but problematic in regulating quality in the built environment. Both countries recently experienced major financial crises. In the early 2010s, both governments promoted, as part of an economic recovery policy, extensive real estate development on public or privately-owned land with emphasis on LUDs as ways of addressing economic shortfalls. Inappropriately, LUDs have been primarily “conceived” as opportunities to attract foreign investments rather than a means of tackling crucial current deficiencies. New spatial planning frameworks merely add greater “flexibility” to the system in order to accelerate large private real estate investment. The article attempts to reveal, through case studies’ reviews, the impact of LUDs in countries with no infrastructure or experience in accommodating large-scale investment. It explores how the experience in Greece and Cyprus differs in terms of the relevant legislation adopted, the effectiveness in fulfilling its primary objective in attracting investment, and what are the possible social and environmental consequences on the planning acquis.
Efeito de Artemisia L. (Asteraceae) no ciclo reprodutivo feminino: uma revisão
Authors: Farret Ana Braga , Montanari Tatiana
Published: November 2019

A sociedade moderna desenvolveu uma dependência da alopatia para o controle da maioria das doenças e, no caso das mulheres, de seu ciclo reprodutivo e minimização dos sintomas associados. Havendo, entretanto, uma crescente adesão à fitoterapia. Artemisia L. é recorrentemente citada em levantamentos etnobotânicos como reguladora da fertilidade. A presente revisão compilou resultados de experimentos sobre o efeito das espécies desse gênero no ciclo reprodutivo feminino, visando compreender seus mecanismos de ação. A revisão bibliográfica foi feita a partir das bases de dados PUBMED, LILACS, SciELO e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. Foram selecionados 12 artigos sobre sete espécies de Artemisia (A. absinthium L., A. annua L., A. dracunculus L., A. herba-alba Asso, A. kopetdaghensis Krasch., Popov & Lincz. ex Poljakov, A. monosperma Delile e A. vulgaris L), sendo identificados os seguintes efeitos sobre o organismo materno e a prole: desequilíbrio hormonal, diminuição da fertilidade, atividade anti-implantação e embriofetotoxicidade. Considerando o potencial desse gênero como contraceptivo e interruptor gestacional, adverte-se sobre o perigo do consumo por gestantes e sugere-se um aprofundamento dos estudos etnofarmacológicos para que suas propriedades sejam aproveitadas em futuros derivados.
Charakterystyka peptydów przeciwdrobnoustrojowych oraz wpływ modyfikacji chemicznych na modulowanie ich aktywności biologicznej
Authors: Makowska Marta , Prahl Adam , Małuch Izabela
Published: November 2019

Antibiotics have revolutionized the pharmacology market but their âgolden area” passed away. The urgent need to develop new medicins with the mechanism of action different than those already used is constantly growing because of the drug-resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. The observed increasing resistance of microbes motivates scientists to design innovative strategies based on the natural peptides that exhibit antimicrobial activity. In this article we present general characterization of antimicrobial peptides and effects of chemical modifications on the modulation of their antimicrobial properties.
O caso contra a educação: argumentos que sustentam uma nova política educacional de ensino superior
Authors: Pimentel Barbosa Laura
Published: November 2019

Nas últimas décadas, o sistema educacional tem sido alvo de críticas e disputas tanto nos países desenvolvidos quanto nos países em desenvolvimento, como o brasil. A disputa tem se dado em torno de quais fins a educação deve estar vinculada e em que medida um amplo acesso ao sistema de ensino, especificamente ao ensino superior, deve ser suficiente para promover o desenvolvimento. Esse debate tem se tornado mais intenso no atual cenário em que o Estado tem revisto suas prioridades em meio a crises econômicas e dificuldades de sustentar grandes políticas sociais. Mas de onde vem essas ideias? Como elas se justificam? Se não soubermos responder a essas questões, dificilmente saberemos como nos posicionar nesse debate com clareza em relação aos aspectos normativos e empíricos que sustentam o discurso “contra a educação”. Nesse sentido, o trabalho de Caplan, The Case Against Education, publicado em 2018 e ainda sem edição em português, reúne os argumentos utilizados por analistas e policy makers que hoje justificam uma redução no investimento do ensino superior em seus países, inclusive no Brasil. Esse texto é uma resenha crítica do trabalho e argumentos do autor.  
Doenças transmitidas por alimentos e participação da manipulação inadequada para sua ocorrência: uma revisão.
Authors: Soragni Larissa , Barnabe Anderson Sena , Mello Tatiana Ribeiro de Campos
Published: November 2019

 A segurança alimentar está relacionada à inocuidade dos alimentos, com isso, estudos críticos e que disseminem dados para redução de doenças transmitidas por alimentos (DTAs) são necessários à prevenção dessas patologias, que afetam a população de modo global levando até mesmo a óbito. As DTAs são ocasionadas por água ou alimentos contaminados ocorrendo nos domicílios, tanto por quem os prepara, pelo ambiente e pelos procedimentos de higiene que nem sempre são eficazes. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é revisar a literatura acerca da manipulação de alimentos em domicílio e seu risco para desenvolvimento de DTAs. Método: revisão de artigos acerca do assunto, usando ferramentas computacionais. Resultados: foram encontrados 51 artigos sobre o tema, mas incluídos 12 desses, sendo os demais descartados por não se adequarem às exigências propostas.  Conclusão: a residência desponta como principal local de ocorrência de DTAs, sendo as mais comuns causadas por Salmonella spp. e Staphylococcus aureus e apesar da importância das DTAs poucos são os estudos sobre o assunto.
DRIVERS OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND ROLE OF TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP-CASE OF PAKISTANI BANKING SECTOR
Authors: Ben Saad Ghazi , Abbas Muzaffar
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the article: This research explored and contributes to the leadership literature by investigating the influence of transactional leadership over employee engagement at certain banks located in KPK and Punjab province of Pakistan. It observes the influence of main aspects i-e contingent reward, active management by exception (MBE active) on worker’s regular job commitmentMaterials and methods: This distinctive combination of leadership behaviors are compared with attention given specifically to everyday work settings. Twenty banks are selected involving 180 employees. Questionnaires and interviews are conducted to collect data.Results of the research: The relationships among variables are examined through the Spearman Rank-order correlation coefficient.  The moderating effects associated with corporate culture are observed by employing multiple regression analyses. A positive and significant relationship is revealed between transactional management and chosen variables except “passive management by exemption”. It is safely predicted that employee job satisfaction can be greatly elevated through transactional leadership. It is established that “contingent reward” and “active management by exemption” improve worker's engagement in contrast to passive management by exemption.

Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.

Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Drivers of Employee Engagement and Role of Transactional Leadership-Case of Pakistani Banking Sector is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION OF TEACHING ORTHOGRAPHY AS ONE OF THE COMPONENTS OF WRITTEN SPEECH (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ENGLISH)
Authors: Saetzianovna Khakimzianova Alsu , Mirgasimovna Ilyasova Asiya , Ildarovich Fakhrutdinov Bulat
Published: November 2019

Purpose of the study: This article proposes a system for teaching English spelling as one of the aspects of mastering a word, i.e. mastering the acoustic, semantic, functional, and graphic-orthographic sides of a word. The task of the given research is considering the operational content of the process of re-encrypting audio signals into alphabetic, i.e. act of writing itself, as one of the components of writing. Methodology: The analysis of the process of replacing acoustic signals with letters in the act of writing in order to identify its structure is based on scientific ideas about the patterns of functioning of the speech mechanism, of which the act of writing itself is a part. The content of learning activities in mastering English spelling includes sets of actions for both teachers and students. The approximate stage in the activity of mastering English spelling begins with the presentation of a visual image of previously orally worked out words. Results: After identifying signs of learning difficulties in a graphic orthographic form of the words being acquired, a kind of problem situation is created, i.e. there is a need to choose actions that would most effectively overcome difficulties. The teacher helps and guides this choice. Teaching orientation in educational material, training individual actions and inclusion of acquired words in written speech activity are recognized as the main stages in such training. The authors actualize the need for specially organized didactic processes - learning steps that together form a learning activity, which is a way to form the mechanisms on which the act of writing is based. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the Content and Organization of Teaching Orthography as one of the Components of Written Speech is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Study of the descent trajectory in the units of emergency evacuation of cosmonauts at launch complexes
Authors: Novozhilov B.M.
Published: November 2019

Ensuring the safety of the manned spacecraft crew and technical personnel work during the pre-launch preparation of manned launches at space launch complexes is an urgent problem. It can be solved by the development of emergency evacuation units (EEU), providing rescue of people in emergency on high-altitude units of launch complexes. The analysis of current research of EEU, made in Russia and the United States, showed that at the promising Russian space rocket complexes it is appropriate to use a rail EEU with a trolley moving along the guide system made in the form of the quickest descent curve – brachistochrone. According to the calculations, such a system can provide a minimum time of descent and removal of the trolley with people at a safe distance from the launch site, and also creates favorable conditions for damping the speed of the trolley on the final section of the descent trajectory. The study of the descent trajectory is for the first time based on the brachistichrone as applied to the EEU which allowed obtaining the calculated dependences necessary to determine the parameters of the guide system of the EEU, and to make recommendations for the design of such systems.
Investigation of the sea water effects of on the destruction of submersible marine structures
Authors: Sidnyaev N.I. , Berezhnova M.A.
Published: November 2019

The paper describes the study of corrosion kinetics of marine structures for underwater technical facilities on the basis of new components having the ability to work effectively in the sea water environment and provide a qualitative increase in reliability. The effects of the sea water salt composition including mainly chlorides and sulfates of sodium, magnesium, calcium and potassium are studied. It is shown that due to the high content of chlorides, seawater is characterized by high ability to depassivate metals. The rate of metal corrosion in seawater is influenced by a number of factors. It was found that the general salinity of sea water does not strongly affect the intensity of the corrosion process, while some deviations from the usual composition can make the corrosion rate higher in several times.
Stress relaxation in radial interference-fit bolted-type connections
Authors: Buketkin B.V. , Semenov-Ezhov I.E. , Shirshov A.A.
Published: November 2019

In modern airplanes design, radial interference-fit bolted-type connections are widely used as an effective means of increasing life of an airframe. Due to the assembly in the vicinity of the hole of the connected elements, i.e. package, of aluminum alloys, a stress field is formed, stresses exceeding the yield strength of the material. For such materials, at stresses close to the yield strength even at a temperature of 20±3 °C, creep strains arise, which after a few hundred hours reach values that commensurate with elastic strains. As a result of this, a noticeable decrease in stresses in the connection occurs. Within the research, we studied the effect of the creep process on the redistribution of stresses in the aluminum alloy package after a steel bolt was pressed into it. We used one of the technical creep theories — flow theory. A single-row bolted-type connection with various values of the nominal radial interference was considered. The calculations were performed numerically by the finite element method using the ANSYS Academic application package. Graphs of changes in the main stresses over time (up to 2400 hours), as well as the dependences of equivalent stresses and contact pressure on the nominal interference (up to 1.2%) are given.
Struktura funkcjonalna placu rynkowego w Szadku
Authors: Nowicki Paweł
Published: November 2019

Plac rynku jako centralna, ogólnodostępna przestrzeń wymiany handlowej historycznie pełniła kluczową rolę w rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczym miasta. Obecnie, po transformacji ustrojowej, rynki tracą funkcje targowe i kreowane są jako przestrzenie reprezentacyjne oraz tereny rekreacji. Jednocześnie, w części miast badacze obserwują silną presję w faworyzowaniu transportu samochodowego, który z jednej strony pozwala na komfortowe dostanie się do centrum i obsługę ludności, z drugiej zaś stanowi przeszkodę dla realizacji wypoczynku. Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka placu rynkowego w Szadku pod względem morfologicznym oraz sposobu jego użytkowania.
Wybory do Rady Miejskiej w Szadku – materiał wyborczy z 1939 roku
Authors: Stulczewski Jarosław
Published: November 2019

Wiosną 1939 r. odbyły się wybory do Rady Miejskiej w Szadku. Z braku materiałów archiwalnych, nie posiadamy wiedzy, kto tworzył ostatni przed wybuchem II wojny światowej szadkowski samorząd. Pośrednio o niektórych kandydatach do rady i przebiegu kampanii wyborczej dowiadujemy się z zachowanej ulotki zatytułowanej „Do Obywateli miasta Szadku”.
Seed Aging, Storage and Deterioration: An Irresistible Physiological Phenomenon
Authors: Chhabra Rohit , . Shabnam , Singh Tavisha
Published: November 2019

The need for increased seed quality has become a priority necessary to face the current demand for high standards in the agricultural market. The various factors which contribute to the loss in seed quality, viability and vigour which can be either physical or physiological. Seed deterioration and ageing are considered as a force to reckon the depletion in food reserve, increased fat acidity, increased enzyme activity and membrane permeability. Quality and viability of seed during storage processes chiefly depends upon the initial status of the seed health and the manner in which it is stored. Achieving appropriate techniques can help to curtail the current agricultural crisis leading to expose of healthy plantlets in farming sector. This research review attempts to summarize and enlighten the various aspects of seed related features such as viability, ageing and deterioration.
Documentation and validation of chemosensory structures in antennae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Authors: Aruna R. , Jeyarani S. , Mohankumar S. , Durairaj C.
Published: November 2019

The studies with SEM clearly depicted that the antenna of female was longer than male antenna. Five types of sensilla namely trichodea, chaetica, styloconica, coeloconica and auricillica, and scales were observed on the flagellum of both sexes. Sensilla trichodea were distributed randomly on all segments and were the most frequent type. Six sensilla chaetica were observed on each flagellar segment in both sexes, except in the apical segment. A sensillum styloconicum was always found at the upper-middle region of each flagellar subsegment. This sensillum had a smooth petiole and a conic extremity with one to three apical structures. Sensilla coeloconica were situated from middle to the distal portion of segment. Sensilla auricillica were found among the scales and had the typical shape of rabbit’s ear. Sensilla squamiformia were present on dorsal part of the antenna among scales. They were shorter and finer than scales and were embedded in a socket and point distally. Sensilla basiconica were smaller and least abundant of all sensilla.
Productivity and Profitability of Cereal-Legume Forages Vis-a-Vis Their Effect on Soil Nutrient Status in Indo-Gangetic Plains
Authors: Hindoriya, P S , Meena R K , Kumar Rakesh , Singh Magan , Ram Hardev , Meena V K , Ginwal D , Dutta S
Published: November 2019

The present study was conducted to evaluation of production potential of different forage crops commonly gown by farmers. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications at research farm of Agronomy Section, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal (Haryana). Among eight treatments, two perennial forage crops napier bajra hybrid(NBH), guinea grass cultivated sole as well as intercropping with cowpea and four seasonal fodder crops (cowpea, sorghum, baby corn and maize) were tested for their physio-morphological, biomass yield responses and economic efficiency. Experimental results showed that among the different forage crops significantly highest green as well as dry fodder yield were revealed from NBH intercropped with cowpea 63.79 and 11.95 t/ha green biomass fodder yield (GBY) and dry fodder yield respectively;which were found at par with sole NBH treatment (60.69and11.68 t/ha GBY and DFY). Amongs the different forage crops lowest GBY and DFY 33.1and 5.68 t/ha was produced by baby corn and cowpea respectively. The magnitude of the yield advantage was observed maximum and in the tune of 20.69% with guinea intercropped with cowpea against sole guinea. Highest net return was obtained from dual purpose baby corn (¹ 1.60 lakh/ha) with B: C ratio (5.26) and economic efficiency (¹ 2471/ha/day), followed by in NBH intercropped with cowpea. Based on the study, it is clearly indicated that dual purpose baby corn followed by NBH + cowpea intercropping could be feasible option for increasing the overall productivity of dairy farmers in Indo-Gangetic plains and elsewhere similar conditions prevails.
Phenotypic Diversity of Pea Genotypes (Pisum sativum L.) Based on Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Singh Shalini , Sharma V Rakesh , Nannuru Vinay  Kumar Reddy , Singh B , Kumar Mukesh
Published: November 2019

The present study was conducted to identify the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence among fifty five genotypes based on phenotypical traits using the multivariate analysis. Based on cluster analysis, the genotypes were best fitted into six clusters. The maximum and minimum genotypes grouped in cluster III (14) and minimum were in Cluster IV (4) respectively. The maximum intra-cluster distance was shown by cluster I (D2 2.543) indicating maximum difference among the genotypes within and the minimum value was shown by cluster II (D2 =1.827). Maximum value of inter-cluster distance (D2=6.471) was recorded between cluster I and cluster IV revealing that the genotypes of these clusters were highly diverse from others and can be used as divergent parents for hybridization and selection. Thus, for getting high heterosis for recovering transgressive segregants, genotypes from cluster I and IV can be used as distant parents in any breeding programme for successful pea improvement. The Optimum number of K-means clusters formed were four. The result of PCA revealed that all the four principal components (PC-I, PC-II, PC-III and PC-IV) contributed 86.7% of the total variability. The results of present study could be exploited in the future genetic improvement programme of pea genotypes in Uttar Pradesh region.
An Economic Analysis of Mung Bean Seed Production Technology in Mau District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pal Govind , K Udayal  Bhaskar , Jeevan Kumar S P , V Sripathy K , Kumari Kalyani , Agarwal D K
Published: November 2019

The present study was based on primary data collected from 50 farmers from Mau district of Uttar Pradesh during the agricultural year 2017-18. The analysis of data shows that the ratio of fixed and variable cost in Mung bean seed production was 18:82. Human labour was the major component of cost (39.69 per cent of total cost) followed by machine labour (15.31 per cent), manures and fertilizers (7.54 per cent), irrigation (6.23 per cent), seed (4.77 per cent), plant protection chemicals (4.54 per cent) and seed certification charges (1.53 per cent). The total cost in seed production of Mung bean was Rs. 38547 per hectare. The gross return and net return was Rs. 56175 and Rs. 17628 per hectare respectively. The BC ratio was 1.46. The total cost of cultivation in Mung bean certified seed production was around 31.29 per cent higher than grain production while, gross return was about 49.80 per cent higher in seed production than grain production. Consequently, net return from seed production of Mung bean was 116.56 per cent higher than grain production. According to cost C2, cost of production of Mung bean grain and seed estimated to Rs. 3915 and Rs. 4591 per quintal. The return to the farmers on cost C2 was 27.71 and 45.72 per cent above cost of production for Mung bean grain and seed, respectively. Similarly, cost of production according to cost A2 and FL (Family Labour) of Mung bean grain and seed was estimated to be Rs. 3089 and Rs. 3852 per quintal. The return to the farmers on cost A2 and FL was 61.86 and 73.68 per cent above cost of production for Mung bean grain and seed, respectively. Production of Mung bean seed has resulted in higher profitability proposition for the farmers. The net return from Mung bean seed production was encouraging and the same may be popularized among farmers to increase area under Mung bean seed production and thus to enhance profitability to the farmers and also to ensure increased availability of quality seed to the farmers.
Molecular Characterization of Aflatoxin Biosynthesis Genes of Aspergillus flavus from Peanuts Production Area
Authors: Lavkor I.
Published: November 2019

In this study, molecular analysis of (100%) all fungal isolates, which were sampled from soil and air besides from infected peanut plants in the peanut planting area, were identified in â-tubulin gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR products of fungal isolates were restricted by BglII enzyme within Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). The intergenic spacer (IGS) region for aflatoxin biosynthesis genes (aflJ-aflR) were determined in 254 (78.2%) A. flavus isolates using PCR-RFLP. Selected 100 isolates were detected as A. flavus by â-tubulin sequence gene fragments and comparisons of sequence showed 96–100% similarity. 254 out of 325 isolates contained aflatoxin biosynthesis genes (aflJ-aflR), whereas 213 out of 254 isolates produced aflatoxin. The results acquired in study remarked that A. flavus was the species responsible for aflatoxin contamination. Aflatoxin gene cluster in populations can be advantage for comprehension of the toxicological risk as well as the election of biocontrol isolates.
ECOLOGY AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE: PROBLEMS OF INTERACTION
Authors: Melnichenko P. I. , Bolshakov A. M. , Meleshenko Vladimir D. , Ostapovich I. K. , Khodykina T. M.
Published: November 2019

The authors made an attempt to show the differentiation and integration of preventive medical Sciences and ecological disciplines as a complex dialectical process characteristic for the development of the science of the late 20th - early 21st centuries, and to analyze the methodological links of preventive medical Sciences with numerous ecological disciplines developed in recent decades. The article deals with the processes of formation of new ecological disciplines studying the system “environment - human”, a comparative analysis of preventive medical and environmental Sciences on their goals, subjects and objects of study. The study of the environmental impact on human health was shown to be carried out by already formed medical Sciences, and primarily preventive orientation (General hygiene, Social hygiene, Communal hygiene, Food hygiene, Occupational health, Military hygiene, Radiation hygiene, etc.), having accumulated considerable experience in the areas of knowledge studied by them. Disciplines arising from the differentiation of the environment and studying the preservation of life and health, in essence, duplicate preventive medical Sciences, which inevitably leads to the repetition of the path and does not give the desired results in the increment and development of new scientific knowledge. At the same time, the process of interaction and unification of efforts of preventive medical Sciences and environmental disciplines can make a significant contribution to the successful solution of such important state tasks as the preservation of public health and environmental protection from the negative impact of anthropogenic factors. The application of a systematic interdisciplinary approach in the interaction of preventive medical Sciences and environmental disciplines involves the presence of scientific facts, a complex of deep knowledge in the areas under study, the development of a number of theories, as well as the analysis of environmental and medical problems.
THE 2018 FIFA WORLD CUP: PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IN PRESENTING SCIENTIFIC GROUNDS FOR A LIST OF PRIORITY ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS CONSIDERED AS THE SUBJECT TO SANITARY-EPIDEMIOLOGIC CONTROL
Authors: Vekovshinina Svetlana A. , Kleyn S. V. , Stepanov N. A.
Published: November 2019

Introduction. Mass events, including sports, such as the World Cup, can contribute to the emergence of public health risks that must be identified and eliminated. Material and methods. We studied data on air pollution, drinking water and soil, information on pollution sources, locations of stationary and mobile observation posts and Saransk infrastructure facilities intended for the FIFA World Cup 2018. The study used methods of hygienic assessment, analysis, and synthesis, comparisons, and generalizations, as well as assessments of risk to public health. Results. Moderate inhalation risks (HI up to 1.14) for respiratory organs may form fine dust (PM10 and PM2.5). The risk to public health during oral acute short-term exposure to chemicals coming from drinking water and soil did not exceed the permissible level. The concentrations of certain elements and chemicals in drinking water exceeded hygienic standards (boron up to 2.36 times, iron up to 2.88 times, fluorides up to 1.48 times). The content of benzo (a) pyrene in the soil exceeded the hygienic standard by 6.49 times. Discussion. The results of similar studies carried out during the period of preparation for the holding of global mass events in Russia in 2013-2019 confirmed the results and conclusions of this work. The main route of exposure of chemicals to the health of the population, guests, and participants of the events is inhalation. Additional control is needed for dust, including PM10 and PM2.5. Conclusion. Revision and modification of the existing system of placement of posts monitoring the quality of the environment are not required. Additional control is needed with respect to PM10 and PM2.5 (atmospheric air), fluorides, boron, iron, nitrates, and strontium (drinking water), benzo (a) pyrene (soil).
CURRENT ISSUES OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Pogonysheva Irina A. , Pogonyshev D. A.
Published: November 2019

EU countries have accumulated a considerable amount of scientific research demonstrating the influence of a number of environmental factors on human health. The paper reviews European research on the relation between the environment and human health. The authors present a review of normative and non-governmental initiatives in the field of environmental control and human health in the European region, major environmental causes of human health deterioration and initiatives aiming at preventing ecology-dependant health issues. In 1989 World Health Organisation (WHO) held the First Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health that kickstarted the process uniting the healthcare field and the field of environmental protection. The main objective of the “Environment and Health” Process is to mitigate major environmental risks for human health. The objective is to be achieved through regular Ministerial Conferences held every five years by the World Health Organisation Regional Office. According to the policy stated in “Health-2020”, ecology is an important factor for maintaining good human health and establishment of sustainable communities and favorable environment should be prioritized in the European region of WHO. According to the research presented by WHO, major environmental causes of increased disease rate are atmospheric pollutants, accumulation of heavy metal leads and other harmful chemicals in the environment, climate change, noise pollution, low quality of drinking water and poor hygienic conditions. The review presents a consideration of recommendations given in “Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement”, Scopus, Web of Science, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, and other scientific databases were used for this review.
DETERMINATION OF THE DISINFECTANT ACTION OF CAUSTIC LIME ON THE MICROFLORA OF SLUDGE OF WASTEWATER OF CLEANING FACILITIES FOR SEWERAGE AND CATTLE-BREEDING COMPLEXES
Authors: Zhuravlev Piotr V. , Aleshnya V. V. , Marchenko B. I.
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The main task of treating sewage sludge is to obtain the final product, the properties of which would ensure the possibility of its utilization and minimize the damage to the environment. The sanitary and hygiene characteristics of the sediment are assessed by the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and helminths eggs. The degree of disinfection of the sediments is controlled according to SanPiN 2.1.7.573 - 96. The objective of the work. Determination of optimal doses of caustic lime for disinfection of microbial contamination of sewage sludge of household wastewater of sewerage cleaning facilities (SCF) and liquid manure of the swine complex. Material and methods. The object of the study were microbial communities of the sludge of the SCF household wastewater and liquid manure of the swine complex. Standard microbiological research methods were used in the work according to MU 2.1.5.800 - 99 and MR N FTs/4022. For representativeness, analyses were performed in triplicate. Results. Caustic lime was added in the amount of 1 to 10% of the volume (mass) of the sludge under study into the sludge of household wastewater (humidity of 97 - 98%). The contact time was 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 3 hours. At a concentration of caustic lime of 5 and 6%, the absence of microflora was noted after 1 hour, at a concentration of caustic lime 8 - 10% - after 0.5 hours. After 3 hours, for any amount of caustic lime (from 1 to 10%) in the native sludge of wastewater sewerage, all the microorganisms under study were not shown. Into the liquid manure (humidity less than 85%), caustic lime was added in the amount of 4 - 10% of the volume (mass) of the material being examined. The exposure was of 1 and 3 hours. The complete death of microbes at any exposure was observed at a concentration of caustic lime 9 and 10%. Conclusion. The investigations have shown the dynamics of death of microorganisms in studying the impact of caustic lime on both native and sterilized material to be the same. The total death of microorganisms during the treatment of sludge from household wastewater was observed at a concentration of caustic lime of 7 - 9%. The complete death of microbes in liquid manure (native and sterilized) at any exposure was observed at a concentration of caustic lime 9 and 10%.
FORECASTING THE HEAT COMFORT OF PASSENGERS IN THE ELECTRIC TRAIN SHOPS. THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors: Leksin A. G. , Mineeva N. I. , Morgunov A. V. , Timoshenkova Ekaterina V. , Gribov A. V. , Demin V. N. , Khlebnikov V. G. , Vaskina M. Yu.
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The purpose of the presented work was to determine the cause of complaints of passengers dissatisfied with the thermal comfort in electric trains equipped with modern air conditioning systems. In order, this work to be done both practical and theoretical research was carried out in two stages. This work includes the estimation of microclimate parameters in cars and passengers thermal comfort parameters. Material and methods. At the first stage, direct measurements of microclimate on passenger seats were conducted while the train was in operation. Subsequent analysis of the obtained figures indicates the average values of the studied parameters to correspond to their normative values. At the second stage, Fanger calculation method of determining passenger comfort or discomfort was used to analyze passengers’ assessment of various microclimatic situations in electric trains, both in local areas and in the salons of cars as a whole. Using the Fanger method, based on the results of theoretical calculations, a diagram was constructed. It contains curves showing the warmth index of passengers under different combinations of air temperature and velocity. Results. PMV indices were calculated by using the first stage measurements. Afterward, passengers heating comfort area was drawn on the diagram. It was made for each car and the passengers’ complaints were taken into consideration. Conclusion. The diagram analysis of passengers heating comfort area location relatively to zero point shows the percentage of dissatisfied passengers and it helps to explain the reason it occurs.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN LIVING IN A HIGH-MOUNTAIN REGION IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors: Kochkorova Feruza A. , Atambaeva R. M. , Kasymov O. T.
Published: November 2019

The study included 10,480 urban and rural schoolchildren aged 7-17 years, born in the high-mountain area of the Naryn oblast of the Kyrgyz Republic, located at more than 2500 m above sea level. Statistical parameters of body length and weight, chest circumference were studied. The greatest increment in the body length in urban boys falls to 14 years (rate of increase 5.69%), and that for rural boys - to 13 years of age (rate of increase 5.18%), the annual increase in the body length in urban and rural schoolgirls is lower than the average increase in boys by 31% and 16 % respectively. The greatest gender differences between boys and girls are found at the age of 12 years, after which the rate of longitudinal growth of girls decreases. In boys, increments in longitudinal height sharply rise at the age of 14 years. Average arithmetic indices of body length and weight of schoolchildren in Bishkek (2013) are significantly higher in all age groups as compared to the body length and weight of schoolchildren in the city of Naryn.