bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
РОЗПІЗНАВАННЯ ОБЛИЧ НА ПОТОКОВОМУ ВІДЕОРЯДІ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ БІБЛІОТЕКИ OPENCV
Authors: ЧОЛИШКІНА Ольга , ЯРЕМЕНКО Дарина , ЛЮДВИЧЕНКО Валентин , КОМАРОВА Лариса , БРОДКЕВИЧ Володимир
Published: August 2022

Система розпізнавання облич – це технологія, здатна зіставляти людське обличчя з цифровим зображенням або відеокадром з базою даних осіб, зазвичай використовується для автентифікації користувачів за допомогою служб перевірки особистості, працює шляхом точного визначення і вимірювання рис обличчя по даному зображенню. Системи розпізнавання обличчя використовуються сьогодні в усьому світі урядами та приватними компаніями, їх ефективність різна, і деякі системи раніше були списані через їх неефективність. Отже, створення програми для розпізнавання людського обличчя є актуальною темою. Метою статті є дослідження теоретичних аспектів розробки системи розпізнавання людського обличчя та практична реалізація відповідного програмного комплексу. Процедура розпізнавання обличчя просто вимагає, щоб будь-який пристрій, оснащений цифровою фотографічною технологією, генерував і отримував зображення та дані, необхідні для створення та запису біометричного малюнка обличчя людини, якого необхідно ідентифікувати. Розглянуто основні методи розпізнавання обличчя: геометричні методи, метод головних компонент, метод гнучкого порівняння на графах, метод Віоли-Джонса, бінарні шаблони, нейронні мережі. Запропоновано реалізацію алгоритму роботи системи розпізнавання обличчя. У даній роботі проаналізовано наявні алгоритми та системи виявлення та розпізнавання обличчя, зважені їх переваги та недоліки. Проаналізовано на практиці відсоток точності розпізнавання людського обличчя та продуктивність, враховуючі такі фактори як освітлення, якість зображення, кількість облич на зображенні, реалізовано розпізнавання облич людей з використанням локальних бінарних шаблонів (Local Binary Patterns – LBP) за допомогою бібліотеки комп’ютерного зору OpenCV.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СППР У ЗАВДАННЯX ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЗАХИСТУ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ
Authors: ЧУБАЄВСЬКИЙ Віталій , ДЕСЯТКО Альона , КРИВОРУЧКО Олена , ЛАХНО Валерій , КАСАТКІН Дмитро , БЛОЗВА Андрій , МІСЮРА Максим
Published: August 2022

Безперервне організаційно-економічне забезпечення процедур інформаційної безпеки (ІБ) компанії може мінімізувати бізнес-ризики, максимізувати віддачу від інвестицій, полегшити можливості для бізнесу, підвищити комерційний імідж та конкурентні переваги компанії. Для забезпечення ефективного захисту інформаційних ресурсів компанії (ІнР) та стабільного управління інформаційною безпекою компанії повинні не тільки періодично виконувати оцінку інформаційної безпеки, а й постійно аналізувати процеси для своїх корпоративних інформаційних систем. Описано модель організаційно-економічного забезпечення ефективного захисту корпоративної інформації шляхом формалізації процедур формалізації завдання оптимізації системи захисту інформації (СЗІ). При цьому, на відміну від існуючих підходів, акцент у запропонованому рішенні робиться на математико-алгоритмічну та комп’ютерну підтримку процедури прийняття рішень у контексті завдань менеджменту інформаційної безпеки компанії. Пропоновані доповнення разом із традиційними підходами дають можливість стороні захисту максимально ефективно, визначати параметри організаційного управління інфраструктурою СЗІ підприємства. Розглянуто контур системи підтримки прийняття рішень (СППР) у процесі розвитку інфраструктури системи захисту інформації компанії. В умовах дефіциту кваліфікованих експертів у галузі інформаційної безпеки компаній, запропоновано доповнення моделі. Дані доповнення дозволяють врахувати вплив кадрових ресурсів експертів у питаннях ІБ на управління інфраструктурою СЗІ компанії. Запропоновано рекомендації та описано відповідне прикладне програмне забезпечення – СППР. Застосування цієї системи підтримки прийняття рішень сприятиме мінімізації ризиків, пов’язаних з відсутністю кваліфікованих експертів з інформаційної безпеки у багатьох компаніях.
The use of polyhexamethyleneguanidine as a modern disinfectant
Authors: Romazan I. V. , Turko I. B. , Gutyj B. V. , Turko Ya. I.
Published: August 2022

To increase the productivity of animals and reduce the cost of production, it is necessary to provide animals with a sufficient and high-quality level of feeding, to keep animals in appropriate conditions, to carry out high-quality and timely disinfection, which will lead to a decrease in pathogenic micro flora in the premises where animals are kept, there will be a break in the epizootic chain of disease spread. In modern animal husbandry, which is characterized by a significant accumulation of animals on a limited area, increased requirements for the quality and ecological products, and the prevention of infectious, invasive and especially anthropozoonous diseases, the leading place is occupied by disinfection. It is one of the most important directions in the complex of measures to combat infectious diseases, which prevents significant economic losses as a result of infection. Disinfection is also the cheapest, most availiable and highly effective method of disease prevention. The disinfectant market of Ukraine has a wide range of simple and complex preparations that can be used for disinfection. However, most of them do not meet modern requirements regarding solubility, activity against a wide range of microorganisms, the influence on biofilms of microorganisms, formation of resistance, anti-corrosion activity, the influence on the organism, environmental safety, universality. Among the new biocidal preparations used in human and veterinary medicine and which most fully meet the modern requirements for disinfecting properties, the leading place is occupied by polymeric compounds of guanidine, in particular polyhexamethyleneguanidine (PHMG). This preparation is an effective solution to the problem of combating infectious diseases that cause significant economic losses not only in animal husbandry, but also at the medical and ecological level. PHMG does not have a cumulative, sensitizing, irritating or skin-resorptive action. Disinfectants with polyhexamethyleneguanidine have a prolonged action and show the activity under conditions of changing pH, have long-term storage and are stable during transportation, can be used in various ways (spraying, watering, wiping, dipping, soaking, pouring, etc.), after use they form films with a long-lasting bactericidal effect, they can be disinfected in the presence of animals and people.
Dark: Apuntes de la filosofía y la ciencia ficción sobre el viaje en el tiempo
Authors: Paladines Paredes Lenin V.
Published: August 2022

Dark es una serie alemana, creada por Baran bo Odar y Jantje Friese y producida por la plataforma digital Netflix. Estrenada en 2017, a lo largo de sus tres temporadas plantea una trama en torno al concepto del viaje en el tiempo, desde una perspectiva filosófico-fantástica. En este trabajo se analiza cómo influyen en Dark algunas concepciones filosóficas del tiempo, especialmente la del tiempo circular, o del eterno retorno, planteadas por Friedrich Nietzsche en sus obras La gaya ciencia (1882) y Así habló Zaratustra (1883). En otra línea, ciertos postulados científicos sirven de fundamentación para el desarrollo de la trama, como el principio de autoconsistencia de Nóvikov (1983), las paradojas del viaje temporal o el planteamiento del agujero de gusano, según los trabajos de Einstein y Rosen (1935). En conclusión, la producción alemana Dark ofrece una aproximación moderna de la posibilidad del viaje temporal, lo que contribuye a la consolidación de un producto audiovisual con una premisa seria y sólida, dentro del campo de la ciencia ficción, a través de la ejecución de un argumento que ahonda en conceptos como el libre albedrío, la predestinación, la concepción del tiempo y la idea del tiempo como dimensión influyente en nuestro comportamiento.
Pengaruh Fasilitas dan Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Indomaret Panasera di Batam
Authors: Sonya Debora Permata , Suhardi Suhardi
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Fasilitas dan Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan pelangan di Indomaret Panasera. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilam sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah accidental sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pelanggan Indomaret Panasera. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan  menggunakan teknik kuesioner. Dan untuk mengeahui apakah ada permasalahan Pengaruh Fasilitas dan Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Pelangan pada Indomaret Panasera, Bagaimana pengaruh Fasilitas terhadap Kepuasan Pelangan Indomaret Panasera, Bagaimana pengaruh Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Indomaret Panasera dan Bagaimana pengaruh Fasilitas dan Pelayanan terhadap  Kepuasan Pelangan Indomaret Panasera metode  yang digunakan adalah analisis Regrensi Linear Berganda, Kofisie determinasi, Uji T dan Uji F Maka Hasih ini menunjukan pengaruh signifikan Fasilitas 0,763 < 0,05, Pelayanan 0,000 > 0,05 terhadap Kepuasan Pelayan 0,000 > 0,05
IMPROVEMENT OF THE MODE OF OPERATION OF BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES
Authors: Gornostal S. , Horban D. , Petukhova O.
Published: August 2022

Despite the strict requirements for wastewater quality, intensive pollution and accumulation of industrial pollution, potentially hazardous substances, continues in the places of wastewater discharge. Therefore, the aim of the study is to improve the operation of biological wastewater treatment plants to ensure compliance with environmental requirements. To achieve this goal, the features of wastewater treatment are analyzed and it is found that the treatment process depends on the concentration of activated sludge, the amount of air and the properties of the wastewater entering the treatment. With this in mind, it is proposed to adjust the ratio of "sewage active sludge air" to ensure compliance with environmental requirements. Factors influencing the cleaning process are also identified. Such factors are the consumption of wastewater coming for treatment, oxygen saturation of the mixture of activated sludge and wastewater, the quantity and quality of activated sludge fed into the aeration tank. In addition, the peculiarities of the processes occurring in different parts of the buildings are taken into account, and it is proposed to divide the cleaning process into two stages. The first stage takes place in the first corridor of the aeration tank (regenerator), where the activated sludge enters for regeneration. The second stage covers the second or third corridors of the aeration tank and the secondary settling tank, where the wastewater is first mixed with activated sludge, then the mixture is discharged to the secondary settling tank. An experimental study of the cleaning process was carried out, as a result of which the necessary data for the mathematical description of the processes were obtained. After processing the experimental data, regression equations were obtained that describe the purification processes in the system "aeration tank-displacer - secondary settling tank", namely the change in the concentration of activated sludge at the outlet of the regenerator and the change in the concentration of contaminants in the purified water. The adequacy of the equations was checked according to Fisher's test. It was found that the equations are adequate to real processes within the accepted conditions and assumptions. Analytical solutions of the obtained equations allow to analyze the course of purification processes at different stages, to determine the influence of factors on the process. A procedure for the use of equations is proposed, which allows without additional experiments to choose the mode of operation of biological treatment facilities, which will ensure compliance with environmental requirements.
AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS USING NEURAL NETWORKS TO DETERMINE THE PARAMETERS OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS
Authors: Voronov R. , Donets O.
Published: August 2022

In multifactorial systems using textual and graphical information in matrix factorization to facilitate the problem of separate data processing. Recently, in some studies, the study of neural networks to understand the content of text and graphic elements more deeply and to achieve efficacy by creating more accurate patterns of recognition of elements. However, the open question remains about how to effectively use graphic data from the thermal imager in matrix factorization. In this paper, we proposed a double-regularized matrix factorization with deep neural networks (DRMF) to solve this problem. DRMF applies a multilayered neural network model by stacking a convolutional neural network and a secured repetitive neural network to create independent distributed views of user content and objects. Then representations serve to regularize the generation of hidden models for both users and for elements of matrix factorization. So the proposed new model of the neural network works better than a model with a single convergent neural network.
In this paper, we propose double - regularized matrix factorization with deep neural networks (DRMF) to solve this problem. DRMF uses a multi-layered neural network model by enclosing a convoluted neural network and a secure repeating neural network to create independent distributed representations of user content and objects. Then the representations are used to regularize the generation of hidden models for both users and elements of matrix factorization. Thus, the proposed new neural network model works better than the model with a single converging neural network.
In traditional SF methods, only a feedback matrix is ​​used, which contains explicit (eg, estimates) or implicit feedback to train and predict the life of the motor. As a rule, the feedback matrix is ​​liquid, which means that most users encounter several elements. Based on this was presented in Proc. BigData Congress. However, this view has been significantly expanded using a new deep neural network model and adding new experimental attachments compared to the conference publication.
HISTORICAL URBAN ENVIRONMENT PRESERVATION MEASURES OF THE CITY AREAL
Authors: Isaiko N.
Published: August 2022

The article proposes the structuring of a set of measures aimed at protecting both individual monuments and objects, and the historical environment as a whole. The peculiarity of the monument protection approach to the historical area is the self-organization of the settlement, the environment is organized according to the level of elements - from individual objects to complexes and considers the historical area as an element of a more global urban environment. Once formed in the past, the structure of the historic city, is increasingly interfering, so the city loses its integrity. The city must fully comply with the new functions, so the processes of reconstruction taking place in it, changes in urban planning structure and the introduction of new elements are an integral part of development.
Modern understanding of the monument essence dictates the need in preservation of its individual setting or in other words - the historical environment. The historical area is an instrument of historical environment’s urban protection, which provides: historic environment functions restoration; preservation of the historic environment functions; development of the historic environment functions. Within the historical areas, monument protection measures are reflected starting from the inventory of the monument resource, its further research, accounting, categorization and undoubtedly become the basis for determining the zoning of the area. The article describes the relationship between monument protection measures for the protection of the historical environment of habitats, as well as their division by the method of impact and the order of implementation. Thus, the first group includes basic practical measures - research, inventory, accounting, scientific study. The second group includes measures to ensure the systematization of objects - monitoring, integration, adaptation of monuments to modern life of the city, restoration and engineering protection of monuments. The third group includes mostly measures aimed at socialization, use and development of the historical environment - popularization, creation and formalization of protected areas. Groups of cultural heritage sites appear separately, for which monument protection concepts and legislation are poorly developed. The selected groups are clearly shown in the practical work on the creation of historical and architectural reference plans.
MERITOCENTRIC MODEL OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
Authors: Habrel M. , Habrel M. , Kosmii M.
Published: August 2022

The meritocentric model and changes in the methodological tools of the spatial development of the state are substantiated taking into account the in-depth analysis of the latest conditions, processes, and phenomena at different levels: philosophical, socio-mental, spiritual, humanitarian policy, economic activity, meeting the value needs of people, natural resources, administrative and legal processes and conditions of development, resettlement and spatial planning, and institutional and innovation processes. Without rejecting the analysis of official statistical information and traditional indicators and characteristics, attention is paid to the factors and characteristics that today increase the influence in the justification of decisions. The proposed meritocentric approach includes the analysis of the functional component but shifts the emphasis to research and evaluation of processes in the state, qualitative characteristics of its space, spatial transformations in Ukraine, bringing to the forefront knowledge, values, human potential, creativity, technology, and information.
Using the meritocentric model, the spatial situation, challenges, and threats that arise are assessed, as well as the ways of spatial organization and development of Ukraine are identified. The integral properties of space are substantiated: functionality, ergodicity, uniqueness, dynamism, cyclicity of processes, synergy, and uneven development. The criteria for assessing the spatial situation were established - comfort, efficiency, environmental friendliness, safety. The main conditions and factors of development regimes of separate territories are determined: environmental, economic, social, administrative, etc. The major development regulators - functions, processes, values, norms – are outlined.
The spatial development of Ukraine is formed on a hierarchically balanced network of growth poles, which is able to stimulate and support the socio-economic development of territories of all levels, increase the number of dynamic elements, and improve their quality characteristics. This applies primarily to the acquisition by the development poles of interregional and metropolitan features, as well as functions important for social development that ensure interaction with the global system, and strengthening the factor of innovation in the spatial development of the state.
Substantiated conceptual provisions of the spatial development of Ukraine allowed offering the specific practical proposals: reservation of territories for urban development needs, development of transport network and transport systems, development of engineering infrastructure and life support facilities, tasks of placing new objects in the complex spatial structure of the state, preservation of the natural complex, etc.
HIERARCHY OR EQUALITY OF STANDARDS OF PROOF IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS AND OTHER BRANCHES OF LAW
Authors: Халиков Аслям Наилевич
Published: August 2022

The article analyzes a number of works by A.R.Sharipova on the unity and difference of standards of proof and evidence in criminal, civil, arbitration and administrative proceedings. To date, there are more differences in the standards of proof than their unity in the listed branches of law, which is the problem of intersectoral prejudice. The topic of prejudice is especially important in criminal proceedings, where, in fact, decisions made in other branches of law are not binding. The purpose of the article: to identify the significance of the problems about the need for convergence of standards of proof and evidence in all procedural branches of law. Methods: systemic, comparative-legal, formal-legal, system-functional methods are applied. Results: the necessity and possibility of combining the standards of proof and evidence in criminal, civil, arbitration and administrative proceedings are established in the presence of a number of conditions, the development of which requires further scientific research in all procedural branches of law.
Execution of Channel Characterization for Underwater Optical Wireless Communication System in Blue-Green Spectral Range for Different Types of Sea Water Based on Chlorophyll Content
Authors: Kathavarayan Balaji , Santhanam Sakthivel Murugan
Published: August 2022

Underwater optical wireless communication system supplies extraordinary enthusiasm to the military, industry, and mainstream researchers, as it assumes a significant job in strategic observation, contamination checking, oil control and upkeep, seaward investigations, environmental change seeing, and oceanography research. To encourage every one of these exercises, there is an expansion in the quantity of unmanned vehicles or gadgets conveyed submerged, which require high data transmission and high limit with regards to data move submerged. Even if massive advancement has been made in the field of acoustic correspondence submerged, be that as it may, it is restricted by data transfer ability. This has prompted the expansion of underwater optical wireless communication system as it gives higher information rates than the customary acoustic correspondence frameworks with fundamentally lower power use and less difficult computational complexities for short-extend remote connections. Underwater optical wireless communication has numerous potential applications running from profound seas to beach front waters. Be that as it may, the greatest test for underwater optical wireless communication system from the principal attributes of sea or ocean water. Tending to these difficulties requires an exhaustive comprehension of complex physic-compound natural frameworks. This paper gives a comprehensive outline of ongoing advances in underwater optical wireless communication. Channel representation, parameter plans, suitable wavelength of underwater optical wireless communication, light used for optical communication, various noise sources, analysis of received and transmitted power are discussed for to underwater optical wireless communication. This paper not just gives comprehensive examination in underwater optical wireless communication system in addition intends to give the improvement of new thoughts that would help in the development of future underwater optical wireless communication.
I, chatbot: How ‘human’ should chatbots be?
Authors: Buckley Oli
Published: August 2022

Dr Oli Buckley's research combines social science and computer science to explore how chatbot technology can be optimised to provide a more effective communication method while ensuring trust in users.
Türkiye’de Eğitim Fakültesi Dergilerinde Sınıf Yönetimini İnceleyen Çalışmaların Analizi: Bir Meta-Sentez Çalışması
Authors: SEZER Şenol , CAN Ertuğ
Published: August 2022

In this study, it was aimed a systematic re-examination of qualitative studies related to the classroom management. For this purpose, it was examined ten journals published by education faculties. In conclusion, 14 qualitative studies, which exactly met the criteria were examined. These studies were analyzed by using thematic synthesis method. As a result of thematic synthesis, four main themes emerged. These themes were the context of classroom management, factors affecting classroom management, disruptive behaviors, and coping with disruptive behaviors. The sub-themes related to classroom management main theme were strategies, approaches, dimensions, and competencies. The factors affecting classroom management were students, teachers, parents, school management, physical insufficiency, and socio-economic structure. The sub-themes related to the disruptive behaviors main theme were breaking the rules, disrupting the flow of the lesson, rudeness and disrespectfulness, emotional instability, verbal violence, indifference, and physical violence. In addition, the sub-themes related to the coping with disruptive behaviors main theme are tolerance, guidance, communication, cooperation, verbal warning, enforcement of sanctions, giving responsibility, and reaction. According to the meta-synthesis results, it may be said that synthesized qualitative studies mostly emphasize on the scope of classroom management, the factors affecting classroom management, and management of disruptive behaviors in classroom.
Exercise-induced signaling pathways to counteracting cardiac apoptotic processes
Authors: Pahlavani Hamed Alizadeh
Published: August 2022

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in the world. One of the major causes of cardiac death is excessive apoptosis. However, multiple pathways through moderate exercise can reduce myocardial apoptosis. After moderate exercise, the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as IGF-1, IGF-1R, p-PI3K, p-Akt, ERK-1/2, SIRT3, PGC-1α, and Bcl-2 increases in the heart. While apoptotic proteins such as PTEN, PHLPP-1, GSK-3, JNK, P38MAPK, and FOXO are reduced in the heart. Exercise-induced mechanical stress activates the β and α5 integrins and subsequently, focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation activates the Akt/mTORC1 and ERK-1/2 pathways, leading to an anti-apoptotic response. One of the reasons for the decrease in exercise-induced apoptosis is the decrease in Fas-ligand protein, Fas-death receptor, TNF-α receptor, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), caspase-8, and caspase-3. In addition, after exercise mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic factors such as Bid, t-Bid, Bad, p-Bad, Bak, cytochrome c, and caspase-9 are reduced. These changes lead to a reduction in oxidative damage, a reduction in infarct size, a reduction in cardiac apoptosis, and an increase in myocardial function. After exercising in the heart, the levels of RhoA, ROCK1, Rac1, and ROCK2 decrease, while the levels of PKCε, PKCδ, and PKCɑ are activated to regulate calcium and prevent mPTP perforation. Exercise has an anti-apoptotic effect on heart failure by increasing the PKA-Akt-eNOS and FSTL1-USP10-Notch1 pathways, reducing the negative effects of CaMKIIδ, and increasing the calcineurin/NFAT pathway. Exercise plays a protective role in the heart by increasing HSP20, HSP27, HSP40, HSP70, HSP72, and HSP90 along with increasing JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation. However, research on exercise and factors such as Pim-1, Notch, and FAK in cardiac apoptosis is scarce, so further research is needed. Future research is recommended to discover more anti-apoptotic pathways. It is also recommended to study the synergistic effect of exercise with gene therapy, dietary supplements, and cell therapy for future research.
CircGSAP regulates the cell cycle of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells via the miR-942-5p sponge in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Wu Wenhui , Zhao Qinhua , Jiang Rong , Li Jinling , Wang Lan , Xia Shijin , Liu Mingjie , Gong Sugang , Liu Jinming , Yuan Ping
Published: August 2022

Background We recently demonstrated that circGSAP was diminished in lung tissues from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and in hypoxia-induced pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMECs). However, the underlying role of circGSAP in PMECs remains unknown. The study aimed to investigate the contribution of circGSAP to proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of PMECs in hypoxic environment and explore the mechanism.

Methods The expression of circGSAP was quantified by real-time PCR or immunofluorescence in human lung tissue and PMECs. CircGSAP plasmid, circGSAP small interfering RNA (siRNA), miRNA inhibitor and target gene siRNA were synthesized to verify the role of circGSAP on regulating the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of PMECs.

Results CircGSAP levels were decreased in lungs and plasma of patients with pulmonary hypertension second to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD-PH) and were associated with poor outcomes of COPD-PH patients. Upregulation of circGSAP inhibited proliferation, apoptosis resistance and G1/S transition of PMECs. Dual luciferase reporter assays showed that circGSAP acted as a competitive endogenous RNA regulating miR-942-5p, and identified SMAD4 as a target gene of miR-942-5p, Then, we verified the functions of miR-942-5p and SMAD4 in PMECs. In addition, the effect of circGSAP siRNA on PMECs was mitigated by transfection of miR-942-5p inhibitor, and the effect of miR-942-5p inhibitor on PMECs was inhibited by SMAD4 siRNA.

Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that diminished circGSAP accelerated cell cycle to facilitate cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance through competitively binding miR-942-5p to modulate SMAD4 expressions in hypoxia-induced PMECs, indicating potential therapeutic strategies for PH.
The effect of different poly fibers separator-modified materials on blocking polysulfides for high performance Li-S batteries
Authors: Meng Ling , Sun Zhaoxia , Sun Guanghang , Zhang Xiting , Dan Meng , Long Jin , Hu Jian
Published: August 2022

Herein, we reported that KOH impregnation can generate a large number of porous structures with fruitful nitrogen self-doped groups during the carbonized process for poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber and poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber (denoted as PPTA and PBO, respectively). The intrinsical insulation, volume change, and shuttle effect of polysulfides then can be more significantly improved for the PBO-coated separator than the PPTA case. The discharge capacity primary achieves 1,322 mA h/g, which retains 827 mA h/g even after 200 cycles at 0.2 C for the cell with PBO-coated separator. The reversible specific discharge capacity maintains 841 mA h/g with a Coulomb efficiency of 99.7% at 5 C. The nitrogen self-doped nanocarbon particles are etched by KOH with the simple one-step preparation, which has promising application as Li-S battery cathode.
Saliva microbiome changes in thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules patients
Authors: Jiao Junjun , Zheng Youli , Zhang Qingyu , Xia Degeng , Zhang Li , Ma Ning
Published: August 2022

Objective

Thyroid disease has been reported to associate with gut microbiota, but the effects of thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules on the oral microbiota are still largely unknown. This study aimed to identify the variation in salivary microbiota and their potential association with thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules.

Methods

We used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to examine the salivary microbiota of thyroid cancer patients (n = 14), thyroid nodules patients (n = 9), and healthy controls (n = 15).

Results

The alpha-diversity indices Chao1 and ACE were found to be relatively higher in patients with thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules compared to healthy controls. The beta diversity in both the thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules groups was divergent from the healthy control group. The genera Alloprevotella, Anaeroglobus, Acinetobacter, unclassified Bacteroidales, and unclassified Cyanobacteriales were significantly enriched in the thyroid cancer group compared with the healthy control group. In contrast, the microbiome of the healthy controls was mainly composed of the genera Haemophilus, Lautropia, Allorhizobium Neorhizobium Pararhizobium Rhizobium, Escherichia Shigella, and unclassified Rhodobacteraceae. The thyroid nodules group was dominated by genre uncultured Candidatus Saccharibacteria bacterium, unclassified Clostridiales bacterium feline oral taxon 148, Treponema, unclassified Prevotellaceae, Mobiluncus, and Acholeplasma. In contrast, the genera unclassified Rhodobacteraceae and Aggregatibacter dominated the healthy control group. The study also found that clinical indicators were correlated with the saliva microbiome.

Conclusion

The salivary microbiota variation may be connected with thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules.
The efficacy of enhancing carbonate weathering for carbon dioxide sequestration
Authors: Knapp William J. , Tipper Edward T.
Published: August 2022

Enhanced weathering is a geoengineering strategy aiming to increase continental weathering rates, thereby increasing the delivery of atmospheric carbon (as HCO3-) to the oceans. Most enhanced weathering studies focus on the capacity of silicate rocks (e.g., basalt) and minerals (e.g., olivine, Mg2SiO4, or wollastonite CaSiO3) to remove atmospheric CO2. However, carbonate minerals (e.g., calcite, CaCO3) could provide an additional, rapid way to increase HCO3- export to the oceans. Recent studies suggest that 0.84 Gt C yr−1 could be removed from the atmosphere through the enhanced dissolution of calcite in soils, provided carbonic acid is the main dissolution agent. What is not clear is whether atmospheric CO2 dissolved in soils can be transported by rivers, which typically have lower [pCO2], to the oceans. This difference in calcite solubility between soils (where weathering occurs) and rivers (where HCO3- is transported) may lead to large amounts of secondary carbonate formation during transport, releasing the CO2 consumed through dissolution. Here, we present a modeling study comparing the estimated soil dissolution capacity (SDC) in 149 of Earth's largest river basins, to the potential transport capacity of carbon (PTCC) in corresponding rivers. We find the SDC can only be exported to the oceans, without secondary carbonate precipitation, if rivers are in disequilibrium with respect to calcite (i.e., SIc = 1). In this instance, 0.92 Gt C yr−1 may be sequestered above background weathering rates, which is ~20% of annual increases in atmospheric carbon. If rivers are at equilibrium with calcite (i.e., SIc = 0), approximately two-thirds of the carbon dissolved in soil waters are lost due to calcite precipitation in rivers, and just 0.26 Gt of additional atmospheric C yr−1 can be transported to the oceans. Overall, the efficacy of enhanced carbonate weathering is a function of the capacity rivers have for transporting the products from carbonate weathering to the oceans, rather than the dissolution capacity of soils. These findings have implications for the efficiency of enhancing silicate weathering for ocean alkalinity enhancement, as secondary carbonate precipitation during transport is not always considered.
Low-dose aspirin and rivaroxaban combination therapy to overcome aspirin non-sensitivity in patients with vascular disease
Authors: Khan Hamzah , Popkov Mariya , Jain Shubha , Djahanpour Niousha , Syed Muzammil H. , Rand Margaret L. , Eikelboom John , Mazer C. David , Al-Omran Mohammed , Abdin Rawand , Qadura Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Approximately 20% of vascular patients treated with acetyl salicylic acid (i.e., aspirin) demonstrate less than expected platelet inhibition – putting them at a four-fold increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Low-dose rivaroxaban (2.5 mg twice daily) in combination with low-dose aspirin has been shown to reduce adverse cardiovascular and limb events when compared to aspirin alone. In this study, light transmission aggregometry was used to measure arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation to evaluate the potential of combining low-dose rivaroxaban and aspirin in attenuating or overcoming aspirin non-sensitivity. In the discovery phase, 83 patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) taking 81 mg aspirin daily were recruited from the outpatient vascular surgery clinic at St Michael's Hospital between January to September 2021. 19 (23%) were determined to be non-sensitive to aspirin. After ex-vivo addition of 2.5 mg dosage equivalent of rivaroxaban, aspirin non-sensitivity was overcome in 11 (58%) of these 19 patients. In the validation phase, 58 patients with cardiovascular risk factors who were not previously prescribed aspirin were recruited. In this group, ex-vivo addition of 2.5 mg dosage equivalent of rivaroxaban significantly reduced arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in the presence of aspirin. These results demonstrate the potential for low-dose rivaroxaban to overcome aspirin non-sensitivity in patients with PAD. Further studies are needed to evaluate and confirm these findings.
Modeling heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in rodents: Where do we stand?
Authors: Chou Chun , Chin Michael T.
Published: August 2022

Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of HF in the presence of a normal left ventricular systolic function. Over the past decade, HFpEF has become increasingly prevalent, accounting for greater than 50% of all clinical HF presentations. HFpEF is a complex disease with heterogeneous clinical presentations and multiple non-cardiac comorbidities, which frequently co-exist and contribute to its pathophysiology. To date, only a handful of therapies have been proven to improve, albeit marginally, the outcomes in HFpEF. The development of effective therapeutic agents is in part hampered by the lack of animal models that adequately recapitulate human HFpEF. Although numerous pre-clinical models developed over the years have been labeled as “HFpEF” specific, there has not been a consensus on the appropriate standards for pre-clinical HFpEF models. Thus, the extent to which they truly mirror human HFpEF cannot be systematically validated. Recently, a new algorithm (H2FPEF) was developed to standardize the clinical diagnosis of HFpEF. In this review, with the aid of the clinical H2FPEF scoring system, we evaluate the clinical applicability and translational values of various murine models of HFpEF.
Meaningful engagement: A crossfunctional framework for digital therapeutics
Authors: Strauss Gabriel , Flannery Jessica E. , Vierra Elise , Koepsell Xin , Berglund Emily , Miller Ian , Lake Jessica I.
Published: August 2022

Digital mental health interventions, or digital therapeutics, have the potential to transform the field of mental health. They provide the opportunity for increased accessibility, reduced stigma, and daily integration with patient's lives. However, as the burgeoning field continues to expand, there is a growing concern regarding the level and type of engagement users have with these technologies. Unlike many traditional technology products that have optimized their user experience to maximize the amount of time users spend within the product, such engagement within a digital therapeutic is not sufficient if users are not experiencing an improvement in clinical outcomes. In fact, a primary challenge within digital therapeutics is user engagement. Digital therapeutics are only effective if users sufficiently engage with them and, we argue, only if users meaningfully engage with the product. Therefore, we propose a 4-step framework to assess meaningful engagement within digital therapeutics: (1) Define the measure of value (2) Operationalize meaningful engagement for your digital therapeutic (3) Implement solutions to increase meaningful engagement (4) Iteratively evaluate the solution's impact on meaningful engagement and clinical outcomes. We provide recommendations to the common challenges associated with each step. We specifically emphasize a cross-functional approach to assessing meaningful engagement and use an adolescent-focused example throughout to further highlight developmental considerations one should consider depending on their target users.
Comparison of the characteristics of six salt crusts
Authors: Xu Boshi , Li Chengzhi , Li Zhaoti
Published: August 2022

Salt crust is a soil layer formed by the cementation of soluble salt on the surface or inside of soil with soil particles. The salt crust can alter the soil’s ability to resist wind erosion. To explore the characteristics of different types of salt crust, six kinds of salt (CaCl2, KCl, Na2SO4, NaCl, Na2CO3, and NaHCO3) were selected and six salt contents (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4%) were set up to conduct the experiment of a sandy soil crust. The experiment compares the characteristics of crust appearance, compressive strength, and toughness of six selected kinds of salt crust. The results showed that Na2SO4 formed the subflorescence, while CaCl2, KCl, NaCl, Na2CO3, and NaHCO3 formed the efflorescences. The compressive strength and toughness of Na2SO4 salt crust initially increased and then decreased as the salt content increased, and both the strength and toughness reached the maximum when the salt content was 3%. At first, the compressive strength of NaCl crusts increased and then stabilized as a result of the increase in salt content. The toughness of the NaCl salt crust experienced an initial increase and then a decrease, reaching the maximum when the salt content was 3%. The compressive strength and toughness of the salt crusts of CaCl2 and KCl increased as the salt content increased. There was a slight increase in the compressive strength of the crusts formed by Na2CO3 and NaHCO3, with hardly any noticeable change even as the salt content increased, and the maximum compressive strength was only 0.03 and 0.40 MPa, respectively. The crusts of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 were susceptible to wind erosion, while the crusts of KCl, CaCl2, NaCl, and Na2SO4, having high compressive strength and crust toughness, were capable of resisting wind erosion.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Smooth Muscle Cells Heterogeneity in Experimental Aortic Dissection
Authors: Xu Cheng , Liu Xiaowei , Fang Xiaoxin , Yu Lei , Lau Hui Chong , Li Danlei , Liu Xiaoman , Li Haili , Ren Justin , Xu Baohui , Jiang Jianjun , Tang Lijiang , Chen Xiaofeng
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study aims to illustrate the cellular landscape in the aorta of experimental aortic dissection (AD) and elaborate on the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) heterogeneity and functions among various cell types.

Methods: Male Apolipoprotein deficient (ApoE−/−) mice at 28 weeks of age were infused with Ang II (2,500 ng/kg/min) to induce AD. Aortas from euthanized mice were harvested after 7 days for 10×Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), followed by the identification of cell types and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis was conducted.

Results: AD was successfully induced in ApoE−/− mice. scRNA-seq identified 15 cell clusters and nine cell types, including non-immune cells (endothelials, fibroblasts, and SMCs) and immune cells (B cells, natural killer T cell, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and mast cells). The relative numbers of SMCs were remarkably changed, and seven core DEGs (ACTA2,IL6,CTGF,BGN,ITGA8,THBS1, and CDH5) were identified in SMCs. Moreover, we found SMCs can differentiate into 8 different subtypes through single-cell trajectory analysis.

Conclusion: scRNA-seq technology can successfully identify unique cell composition in experimental AD. To our knowledge, this is the first study that provided the complete cellular landscape in AD tissues from mice, seven core DEGs and eight subtypes of SMCs were identified, and the SMCs have evolution from matrix type to inflammatory type.
A Cuproptosis-Related Gene Model For Predicting the Prognosis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mei Wangli , Liu Xiang , Jia Xuyang , Jin Liang , Xin Shiyong , Sun Xianchao , Zhang Jiaxin , Zhang Bihui , Chen Yilai , Che Jianping , Ma Weiguo , Ye Lin
Published: August 2022

Despite advances in its treatment, patients diagnosed with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have a poor prognosis. The mechanism of cuproptosis has been found to differ from other mechanisms that regulate cell death, including apoptosis, iron poisoning, pyrophosphate poisoning, and necrosis. Cuproptosis is an essential component in the regulation of a wide variety of biological processes, such as cell wall remodeling and oxidative stress responses. However, cuproptosis-related genes’ expression in ccRCC patients and their association with the patient’s prognosis remain ambiguous. Evaluation of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) identified 11 genes associated with cuproptosis that were differently expressed in ccRCC and nearby nontumor tissue. To construct a multigene prognostic model, the prognostic value of 11 genes was assessed and quantified. A signature was constructed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis, and this signature was used to separate ccRCC patients into different risk clusters, with low-risk patients having a much better prognosis. This five-gene signature, when combined with patients’ clinical characteristics, might serve as one independent predictor of overall survival (OS) in ccRCC patients. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that cuproptosis-related genes were enriched in patients with ccRCC. Then, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was employed to verify these genes’ expression. Generally, research has indicated that cuproptosis-related genes are important in tumor immunity and can predict OS of ccRCC patients.
Construction and validation of an angiogenesis-related gene expression signature associated with clinical outcome and tumor immune microenvironment in glioma
Authors: Hu Tianhao , Wang Yutao , Wang Xiaoliang , Wang Run , Song Yifu , Zhang Li , Han Sheng
Published: August 2022

Background: Glioma is the most prevalent malignant intracranial tumor. Many studies have shown that angiogenesis plays a crucial role in glioma tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) in glioma.

Methods: RNA-sequencing data of glioma patients were obtained from TCGA and CGGA databases. Via consensus clustering analysis, ARGs in the sequencing data were distinctly classified into two subgroups. We performed univariate Cox regression analysis to determine prognostic differentially expressed ARGs and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression to construct a 14-ARG risk signature. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to explore immune cell infiltration, and the ESTIMATE algorithm was applied to calculate immune and stromal scores.

Results: We found that the 14-ARG signature reflected the infiltration characteristics of different immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. Additionally, total tumor mutational burden increased significantly in the high-risk group. We combined the 14-ARG signature with patient clinicopathological data to construct a nomogram for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival with good accuracy. The predictive value of the prognostic model was verified in the CGGA cohort. SPP1 was a potential biomarker of glioma risk and was involved in the proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis of glioma cells.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we established and validated a novel ARG risk signature that independently predicted the clinical outcomes of glioma patients and was associated with the tumor immune microenvironment.