bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The species composition of the harmful entomofauna of soybean crops in the conditions of rice paddies
Authors: Palamarchuk A. , Strygun O. , Dudchenko Т.
Published: August 2021

Goal. To determine the species composition of soybean phytophages under rice checks.

Methods. The main field method with related phenological observations and analyzes. The study of the species composition of soybean pests was carried out in rice paddies of the Institute of Rice of the NAAS by collecting all objects with their subsequent identification. The survey was carried out once every 3—7 days: the first counts were in the third decade of May, when the plants were in the germination phase. Recorded plants were placed diagonally. On the experimental site, five plants were examined in 20 places.

Results. Studies have been carried out to clarify the species composition of harmful entomofauna in soybean crops under the conditions of rice checks in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Found 20 species of phytophagus from 7 rows and 11 families and one species of spider mite: мeadow moth (Margaritia sticticalis L.); thistle, or vanessa thistle (Vanessa cardui L.); grass bug (Lygus rugulipennis Popp.); alfalfa bug (Carpocoris fuscispinus Boh.); alfalfa stink bug (Piezodorus lituratus F.); tobacco thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.); scoop-gamma (Autographa gamma L.); alfalfa moth (Chloridea viriplaca Hfn.); green horse (Tettigonia viridissima L.); Italian Prussian (Calliptamus italicus L.); large cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae F.); Moroccan locust (Dociostaurus maroccanus Thunb.); six-point leafhopper (Macrosteles laevis Kib.); striped leafhopper (Psammotettix striatus L.); nosy tree (Aelia rostrata Bsh.); striped nodule weevil (Sitona lineatus L.); gray bristly weevil (Sitona crinitus Hfn.); cotton scoop (Helicoverpa armigera Hfn.); acacia moth (Etiella zinckenella Tr.), two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch.).

Conclusions. As a result of research in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, 20 species of phytophagous insects from 7 rows, 11 families and one species of tick were found in soybeans. The vast majority of pests in terms of numbers are among the Lepidoptera — 38%. These species damaged soybeans during the growing season and influenced the formation of the yield.
Monitoring of regulated quarantine forest pests of the Lepidoptera series using traps
Authors: Borzykh А. , Sikura A. , Gunchak V. , Solomiichuk М.
Published: August 2021

Goal. On the basis of literature data, select methods for identifying regulated quarantine forest pests using traps with pheromones, attracting baits and without them.

Methods. The study was based on a search in domestic and foreign literary sources, as well as on the Internet, for data on existing methods for identifying regulated forest pests of the Lepidoptera series using traps. After completing the search, an analysis and generalization of scientific and practical literature on instrumental monitoring of regulated forest pests was carried out.

Results. A comprehensive analysis of the literature data showed that the use of traps of various types and configurations is effective to identify quarantine pests of the forest, to which you can add various fillers that can attract a certain type of insect. Pheromone traps trap the target species even if the population is very low. To trap lepidoptera pests, cardboard traps of the «Delta» type, Pherocon®-2, «milk bag» traps and universal traps Uni-traps are used. The use of various traps depends on the biology of the objects under study. For each type of pest, a methodology for the use of traps and the timing of monitoring have been established.

Conclusions. Analysis of literature data showed that when monitoring studied regulated forest pests for their timely detection, the most effective method is the use of traps with appropriate attractants. The use of traps makes it possible to obtain operational information about the presence of pests in a certain area, to determine their number and the need for appropriate protective measures.
QUANTIFICATION OF LARGE TEXT ARRAYS DESTRUCTIVENESS IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Минаев Владимир Александрович , Симонов Александр Валерьевич
Published: August 2021

Цель исследования состоит в разработке методики, позволяющей выявлять деструктивность больших текстовых массивов в социальных медиа. Проведен анализ существующих подходов к определению деструктивного характера текстовых данных, дано описание их преимуществ и недостатков. Описан метод определения деструктивности текста с использованием векторных представлений слов. Рассмотрено формирования векторных представлений слов и оценена возможность их применения при решении задач идентификации текстового контента. Обосновано применение алгоритмов Word2vec и FastText. Предложены ключевые слова и выражения векторных представлений слов, определяющих три класса текстов: реабилитация нацизма, радикальный ислам, антисемитизм. Реализованы модели выявления деструктивности контента больших текстовых массивов с использованием нейтральных новостных корпусов текстов и текстов, содержащих возможный деструктивный контент. Произведена интерпретация результатов анализа текстовых массивов и обоснована Word2vec как наиболее подходящая модель векторного представления слов. Сделан вывод о направлениях использования полученных результатов в аналитической деятельности государственных органов, общественных организаций и социальных медиа для выявления противоправного контента.

The aim of the study is to develop a method that allows us to identify the destructiveness of large text arrays in social media. The analysis of existing approaches to determining the destructive nature of text data is carried out, and their advantages and disadvantages are described. A method for determining the destructiveness of a text using vector representations of words is described. The formation of vector representations of words is considered and the possibility of their application in solving problems of identifying text content is evaluated. The application of the Word2vec and FastText algorithms is justified. Keywords and expressions of vector representations of words defining three classes of texts are proposed: rehabilitation of Nazism, radical Islam, and anti-Semitism. Models are implemented to identify the destructiveness of the content of large text arrays using neutral news text corpora and texts containing possible destructive content. The results of the analysis of text arrays are interpreted and Word2vec is justified as the most suitable model for the vector representation of words. The conclusion is made about the directions of using the obtained results in the analytical activities of state authorities, public organizations and social media to identify illegal content.
Commemorative Events and Public Rituals: Redefining Our Leisure Engagement with Violent Death As Healing Practice And/through Social Activism
Authors: Frew Elspeth , Forsdike Kirsty
Published: August 2021

The article examines the concepts of public grief and social activism in the context of commemorative events, such as candlelight vigils. These candlelight vigils can be viewed as a form of leisure activity as individuals freely chose to attend the event during their free time. Attending
such events has the potential to provide therapy to the attendees and contribute towards their well-being, similar to the phenomenon of individuals visiting roadside memorials and locally created shrines following an unexpected and/or violent death. The article focuses on the candlelight vigils
held to commemorate high profile murders of women as part of the violence against women focus in Victoria, Australia. These events also provide attendees with the opportunity to engage in social activism, reinforcing that these events provide the opportunity to engage in a blend of both private
and public mourning; and may encourage social good via activism, which also may be a form of therapeutic practice for well-being. The article introduces the concept of grief leisure as a way to conceptualize the attendance at public event vigils as a therapeutic practice to help deal with
grief.
Fungi of quarantine concern for China I:Dothideomycetes
Authors: Zhao P. , Crous P.W. , Hou L.W. , Duan W.J. , Cai L. , Ma Z.Y. , Liu F.
Published: August 2021

The current list of Chinese quarantine pests includes 130 fungal species. However, recent changes in the taxonomy of fungi following the one fungus = one name initiative and the implementation of DNA phylogeny in taxonomic revisions, resulted in many changes of these species names, necessitating an update of the current list. In addition, many quarantine fungi lack modern morphological descriptions and authentic DNA sequences, posing significant challenges for the development of diagnostic protocols. The aim of the present study was to review the taxonomy and names of the 33 Chinese quarantine fungi inDothideomycetes, and provide reliable DNA barcodes to facilitate rapid identification. Of these, 23 names were updated according to the single name nomenclature system, including one new combination, namelyCophinforma tumefacienscomb. nov. (syn.Sphaeropsis tumefaciens).On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons, a new genusXenosphaeropsisis introduced to accommodate the monotypic speciesXenosphaeropsis pyriputrescenscomb. nov. (syn.Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens), the causal agent of a post-harvest disease of pears. Furthermore, four lectotypes (Ascochyta petroselini,Mycosphaerella ligulicola,Physalospora laricina,Sphaeria lingam), three epitypes (Ascochyta petroselini,Phoma lycopersici,Sphaeria lingam), and two neotypes (Ascochyta pinodella,Deuterophoma tracheiphila) are designated to stabilise the use of these names. A further four reference strains are introduced forCophinforma tumefaciens,Helminthosporium solani,Mycocentro spora acerina, andSeptoria linicola. In addition, to assist future studies on these important pathogens, we sequenced and assembled whole genomes for 17 species, includingAlternaria triticina,Boeremia foveata,B. lycopersici,Cladosporium cucumerinum,Didymella glomerata,Didymella pinodella,Diplodia mutila,Helminthosporium solani,Mycocentrospora acerina,Neofusicoccum laricinum,Parastagonospora pseudonodorum,Plenodomus libanotidis,Plenodomus lingam,Plenodomus tracheiphilus,Septoria petroselini,Stagonosporopsis chrysanthemi, andXenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens.
VACCINAREA ÎN TUBERCULOZĂ: PREZENT ŞI VIITOR
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Boli Infecţioase şi Tropicale „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti, Nicolaescu Olimpia
Published: August 2021

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infectează aproape 2 miliarde de oameni pe glob, cu 9 milioane de cazuri noi şi 1,5 milioane de decese prin tuberculoză (TB) în fiecare an. Virusul imunodeficienţei umane (HIV) este unica boală infecţioasă responsabilă de mai multe decese pe an decât Mtb. O strategie ce combină modalităţi de diagnostic mai rapide şi mai performante, tratamentul medicamentos şi prevenţia (ce include noi vaccinuri) reprezintă singura cale pentru scăderea morbidităţii şi mortalităţii TB. Până în prezent, vaccinul Calmette-Guérin (BCG) este singurul vaccin disponibil împotriva TB. În ciuda eficacităţii sale demonstrate privind reducerea incidenţei meningitei şi a TB diseminate la copii, el are o acţiune limitată împotriva formelor pulmonare la adolescenţi şi adulţi, iar utilizarea sa este nesigură la bolnavii imunocompromişi. Dezvoltarea unor noi vaccinuri s-a accelerat în ultimii 20 de ani, cu mai mult de 10 candidaţi în variate stadii ale unor studii clinice. Este necesară iniţierea unor noi direcţii de cercetare, atât pentru îmbunătăţirea vaccinurilor existente, precum şi pentru descoperirea unora noi.
TUBERCULOUS PERICARDITIS, A TOPICAL PATHOLOGY IN PEDIATRICS – A CASE REPORT AND A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Pediatrics Clinic 1, Targu-Mures, Melit Lorena Elena , Marginean Cristina Oana ,   Pediatrics Clinic 1, Targu-Mures, Rolea George ,   Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic 1, Targu-Mures, Sasaran Vladut Stefan ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu-Mures, Marginean Cristian Dan ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu-Mures
Published: August 2021

Tuberculosis is one of the most frequent infectious pathologies, representing a major health public problem worldwide, with increased incidence in pediatric ages. We present the case of a 15-year-old male patient, who was admitted in our clinic for fever, malaise, vomiting, productive cough, dizziness and thoracic pain. His personal history underlined the fact that the patient also presented thoracic pain approximately 6 month before, which was interpreted as an intercostal neuralgia. The laboratory tests showed: leukocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis, increased inflammatory biomarkers and hyponatremia. The echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion. Despite the wide-spectrum antibiotics, the quantity of pericardial fluid increased, therefore a pericardial puncture was required. Due to the slow favorable evolution and the negative results of the common tests from the puncture fluid, we performed also PCR assays, which identified the bacterial DNA in the fluid establishing the diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. The particularity of the case consists in diagnosing a tuberculous pericarditis in a 15-year-old male teenager, with a recent history of thoracic pain, only based on the detection of M. tuberculosis DNA in the pericardial fluid, in the lack of other positive tests for this infection.
DELIRIUM IN ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL CARE DEPARTMENT. CAUSES, PATHOGENESIS AND MANAGEMENT
Authors:   “Prof. Dr. N. Oblu” Emergencies Clinical Hospital, Iasi, Cuciureanu Iulian Dan , Croitoru Cristina ,   “Prof. Dr. N. Oblu” Emergencies Clinical Hospital, Iasi, Constantinescu Victor ,   “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Cuciureanu Tudor ,   “Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi
Published: August 2021

Defined as an organic decline, often transient, ondulant, mainly of cognitive function, memory, language, delirium is often considered the attribute of patients hospitalized with multiple illnesses. Medical costs, and subsequent psychological implications, prognostic particularities gives him a special social importance. Although with multiple recognized etiology, its pathogenesis is partially known, involving relays and neural networks. In the presence of known predisposing factors and under some precipitating influence like acute metabolic or inflammatory disorders (interleukins 1, 6, caspaze), infections, vascular endothelial dysfunction that cause malfunctions of neurotransmitters (GABA, glutamate, acetylcholine, melatonin) occurs, mainly, an atentionale matrix disruption (attention modulation is done through the collaboration of the neocortex, thalamus and brainstem’s reticular substance) as well as structural changes of neural networks and their interaction with cerebral default network. Its prevalence is estimated at the time of admission between 11-30% of patients. Early identification of patients at risk and multifactorial and multidisciplinary approach represents efficient solution to prevent delirium consequences. Authors performed a synthetic rundown of the main theorical aspects of delirium and exemplify by a retrospective study in “Prof. Dr. N. Oblu” Neurologycal Clinic of Emergencies hospital, Iasi. From 3,707 patients admitted in one year, 32% had impaired language and only 7% have presented confusional syndrome: 58% in ischemic strokes or haemorrhagic (9%), epilepsy (18%), intracerebral tumors (1.8%), metabolic encephalopathies (7%), neurodegenerative disorders (22%), infections (3%). Ages prevailed over 60 years and males (64%), low outcome in 15%, 80% had improvement in evolution and 5% died.
ESTABLISHING THE CORRECT MANAGEMENT IN A PATIENT WITH MULTIPLE CRYPTOGENIC STROKES: ANTIPLATELET VS ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY
Authors:   Neurology Clinic, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Lupescu Ioan-Cristian , Lupescu Ioana Gabriela ,   Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Dulamea Adriana Octaviana ,   Neurology Clinic, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest,   Neurology Clinic, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

Cryptogenic strokes represent a category of ischemic strokes in which there is no well-defined cause identified. For that matter, choosing between antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy can be challenging. We present the case of a 44 year old Caucasian male with a history of multiple ischemic strokes, with thrombophilia, but no atrial fi brillation or known cardio-embolic sources, who initially received anticoagulant treatment, which was switched in 2015 with Clopidogrel. Aspirin was added in 2017 after having a TIA in the left MCA territory. Despite dual antiplatelet therapy, the patient developed ischemic stroke in the left MCA territory, for which re-initiation of anticoagulant treatment was decided. Holter ECG, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography were performed, but failed to identify a cause.
LIMITED ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT IN MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY II
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Enache Aurelia Magdalena , Marghescu Alexandru ,   Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Baluta Roxana Antoanela ,   Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Blajin Maria Otilia ,   Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pomana Maria Cristina ,   Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Published: August 2021

Rationale. Myotonic dystrophy (MD) is a multisystemic autosomal dominant disease characterized by myotonia and progressive muscular weakness and atrophy. Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe the dental, skeletal and muscular features in a family with myotonic dystrophy type II and to discuss possible therapeutic strategies. Methods and results. This study presents the case of a family (a mother and two daughthers) diagnosed with myotonic dystrophy type II. Beside the medical history and genetic tests, each subject underwent a clinical examination including impression taking, intra- and extraoral photographs and cephalometric analysis. Our investigations revealed alterations in the transversal and vertical planes. Conclusions. Our findings were consistent with previously reported craniofacial features of patients affected by myotonic disorders, and they may be important diagnostic signs of a congenital muscular disease. We found that the most predominant malocclusions were the anterior open bite and posterior crossbite, but the tendency to class III malocclusion is in contradiction with their findings.
HEMICHOREA RESULTING FROM RING ENHANCING LESION IN THE CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE IN AN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENT
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Narayana Medical College Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh (India), Agrawal Amit
Published: August 2021

Although uncommon, infections of the central nervous system with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be associated with movement disorders. We report a case of 22 year immunocompromised male patient the hemichorea was the initial manifestation of cerebral peduncle tuberculoma. For the management of chorea due to tuberculoma, treatment with corticosteroid therapy is recommended. In spite of the good control of underlying pathology in some cases the abnormal movements may persist.
MULTIPLE CEREBRAL MELANOMA METASTASES WITH UNKNOWN PRIMARY TUMOR LOCATION: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Cozma Liviu , Tulba Delia ,   Department of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Barsevschi Maria ,   Department of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Mitu Cristina ,   Department of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Dumitrescu Laura ,   Department of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Tanasescu Radu ,   Department of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Popescu Bogdan Ovidiu ,   Department of Neurology, “Colentina” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,   Department of Molecular Medicine, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Diagnostic and therapeutic approach of multiple cerebral lesions is often challenging. Case report. A 66-year-old man with unremarkable medical history was admitted to our hospital for recent inability and stereotyped movements of the left upper limb. Brain MRI identified eight tumoral masses with contrast enhancement and marked SWI signal loss that displayed increased metabolic activity on 18F-FDG PET/CT scan. Cerebral biopsy led to the diagnosis of melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation. Stereotactic radiosurgery and molecular therapy were planned afterwards. Conclusion. Brain MRI is an useful tool in guiding diagnosis of cerebral metastases of unknown origin.
Kompensasi, Stres Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja dan Komitmen Organisasi
Authors: Norhayati Norhayati
Published: August 2021

This research aims to determine and analyze the impact of compensation on organizational commitment, the impact of job stress on organizational commitment, the impact of job satisfaction on organizational commitment, and the role of job satisfaction as mediator the impact of compensation and job stress on organizational commitment.  This research  design is explanatory research. The population in this research are all temporary employees who had worked for more than 1 year amounting to 73 people. This research uses saturated sampling or census method as sampling technique. Partial Least Square with Smart PLS is used as data analysis.
A rapid biodiversity assessment of Lesotho’s first proposed Biosphere Reserve: a case study of Bokong Nature Reserve and Tšehlanyane National Park
Authors: Seleteng-Kose Lerato , Kobisi Khotso , Pool-Stanvliet Ruida , Mohapi Khotso
Published: August 2021

Background: Two of Lesotho’s protected areas, namely Bokong Nature Reserve and Tšehlanyane National Park, form the core area of the country’s first proposed Biosphere Reserve. Biodiversity is a key aspect needed to justify nomination of a Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme. Previously documented biodiversity of the two protected areas is limited in terms of coverage and scope as well as being outdated. The aim of the current study was to conduct a rapid assessment of the biodiversity, including endemism, of the proposed Biosphere Reserve to inform the formal nomination process.Methods: A field survey was undertaken over 112 033 ha in the core, buffer and transition zones of the proposed Biosphere Reserve during which species of both flora and fauna were documented. Purposeful recordings were made during different seasons to incorporate various flowering seasons of the plants, as well as faunal species that may hibernate or migrate seasonally.Results: A total of 380 plant species was recorded, 30 of which are legally protected in the country, 60 endemic to the Drakensberg Mountain Centre, and two species (Aloe polyphylla and Glumicalyx lesuticus) are endemic to Lesotho. The former is the national flower of Lesotho and is under threat due to illegal trade. Sixteen mammal species were recorded, seven of which are legally protected in the country, as well as 53 bird species (including the IUCN Red Listed vulture species, Gyps coprotheres and Gypaetus barbatus). Two fish species were also recorded including Pseudobarbus quathlambae, which is Lesotho’s only known endemic vertebrate species, as well as seven reptile and three amphibian species (two of which are near endemic namely Amietia delalandii and A. vertebralis).Conclusion: This survey has provided valuable baseline information on the biodiversity (particularly regarding the flora and avifauna) of the proposed Biosphere Reserve, which includes two protected areas namely Bokong Nature Reserve and Tšehlanyane National Park. The findings reflect the biodiversity value of the area and will contribute towards its nomination as Lesotho’s first Biosphere Reserve.
The Chemistry of Chlorine-bearing Species in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium, and New SOFIA/GREAT*
Observations of HCl+
Authors: Neufeld David A. , Wiesemeyer Helmut , Wolfire Mark J. , Jacob Arshia M. , Buchbender Christof , Gerin Maryvonne , Gupta Harshal , Güsten Rolf , Schilke Peter
Published: August 2021

We have revisited the chemistry of chlorine-bearing species in the diffuse interstellar medium with new observations of the HCl+ molecular ion and new astrochemical models. Using the GREAT instrument on board SOFIA, we observed the 2Π3/2
J = 5/2 − 3/2 transition of HCl+ near 1444 GHz toward the bright THz continuum source W49N. We detected absorption by diffuse foreground gas unassociated with the background source, and were able to thereby measure the distribution of HCl+ along the sight line. We interpreted the observational data using an updated version of an astrochemical model used previously in a theoretical study of Cl-bearing interstellar molecules. The abundance of HCl+ was found to be almost constant relative to the related H2Cl+ ion, but the observed n(H2Cl+)/n(HCl+) abundance ratio exceeds the predictions of our astrochemical model by an order of magnitude. This discrepancy suggests that the rate of the primary destruction process for H2Cl+, dissociative recombination, has been significantly overestimated. For HCl+, the model predictions can provide a satisfactory fit to the observed column densities along the W49N sight line while simultaneously accounting for the OH+ and H2O+ column densities.
Periodic Activities of Repeating Fast Radio Bursts from Be/X-Ray Binary Systems
Authors: Li Qiao-Chu , Yang Yuan-Pei , Wang F. Y. , Xu Kun , Shao Yong , Liu Ze-Nan , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: August 2021

The frequency-dependent periodic active window of the fast radio burst FRB 180916.J0158+65 (FRB 180916B) was observed recently. In this letter, we propose that a Be/X-ray binary (BeXRB) system, which is composed of a neutron star (NS) and a Be star with a circumstellar disk, might be the source of a repeating FRB with periodic activities, and we apply this model to explain the activity window of FRB 180916B. The interaction between the NS magnetosphere and the accreted material results in evolution of the spin period and the centrifugal force of the NS, leading to the change of the stress in the NS crust. When the stress of the crust reaches the critical value, a starquake occurs and further produces FRBs. The interval between starquakes is estimated to be a few days, which is smaller than the active window of FRB 180916B. When the NS moves out of the disk of the Be star, the interval between starquakes becomes much longer than the orbital period, which corresponds to the nonactive phase. In this model, due to the absorption of the disk of the Be star, a frequency-dependent active window would appear for the FRBs, which is consistent with the observed properties of FRB 180916B. And the contribution of the dispersion measure from the disk of the Be star is small. In addition, the location of FRB 180916B in the host galaxy is consistent with a BeXRB system.
Nurse Policy Entrepreneurship in a Rural Community: A Multiple Streams Framework Approach
Authors: Gregg Judy , Miller Julie , Tennant Kathleen
Published: August 2021

As health professionals, nurses have an obligation to be actively involved in leading policy changes that improve health. As Policy Entrepreneurs, nurses can advocate for stronger policies to address countless public health concerns by applying the Multiple Streams Framework approach. In this article, the authors explain the concept of policy entrepreneurship, describe the purpose of their quality improvement project involving the reduction of motor vehicle crashes in a rural, Midwest community in the United States, and then discuss process considerations and project outcomes. They also summarize and interpret the outcomes, share the project limitations and facilitators, and conclude that the Multiple Streams Framework approach is an effective process for nurses to use in bringing about change. They note that in accomplishing their goal, which involved merging a community problem, community policy, and community political streams, they created a new nursing role, specifically that of a Nurse Policy Entrepreneur (NPE). Implementing this role enabled them to gain judicial approval for a teen-driver-offender policy change to make their community a safer place.
Banques, monnaie et paiements
Authors: Rochet Jean-Charles , Verdier Marianne
Published: August 2021

Le modèle d’affaires traditionnel des banques commerciales exploite les économies d’envergure entre dépôts et crédits. Les nouvelles technologies de l’information (Fintechs) et les plateformes géantes sur Internet (Bigtechs) mettent ce modèle sérieusement en danger. Les Bigtechs menacent même la souveraineté monétaire des États en offrant potentiellement aux citoyens du monde de nouvelles devises qui échappent à leur contrôle, comme le projet Diem de Global Stablecoin élaboré par Facebook. Cette menace explique que de nombreuses juridictions envisagent sérieusement la création de monnaies digitales de banques centrales (MDBC ou CBDC en anglais), de façon à couper l’herbe sous le pied des Fintechs tentées par la création monétaire. Nous analysons ces bouleversements et leurs conséquences prévisibles et plaidons pour l’élaboration d’une véritable politique publique en matière de paiements. Classification JEL : D40, G01, G21, G23, O33
Predictors of Caregiver Burden in Delirium: Patient and Caregiver Factors
Authors: Tabloski Patricia A. , Arias Franchesca , Flanagan Nina , Webb Margaret , Gregas Matt , Schmitt Eva M. , Travison Thomas G. , Jones Richard N. , Inouye Sharon K. , Fong Tamara G.
Published: August 2021

The current study examined the association of patient factors, patient/caregiver relationships, and living arrangements with caregiver burden due to delirium. The sample included a subset (
N
= 207) of hospitalized medical and surgical patients (aged >70 years) enrolled in the Better Assessment of Illness Study and their care-givers. The majority of caregivers were female (57%) and married (43%), and 47% reported living with the patient. Delirium occurred in 22% of the sample, and delirium severity, pre-existing cognitive impairment, and impairment of any activities of daily living (ADL) were associated with higher caregiver burden. However, only the ADL impairment of needing assistance with transfers was independently significantly associated with higher burden (
p
< 0.01). Child, child-in-law, and other relatives living with or apart from the patient reported significantly higher caregiver burden compared to spouse/partners (
p
< 0.01), indicating caregiver relationship and living arrangement are associated with burden. Future studies should examine additional factors contributing to delirium burden. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(9), 32–39.]
Effect of a Hydration Management Program on Older Adults' Fluid Consumption and Dehydration Parameters: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Uyanık Gülçin , Dağhan Şafak
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the current study was to assess effects of a hydration management program on the fluid consumption and dehydration parameters (i.e., dehydration risk scores, urine specific gravity, and urine color) of older adults. The study was conducted as a pre-/post-test quasi-experimental study with a control group (intervention group:
n
= 42, control group:
n
= 37). The hydration management program applied to the intervention group was completed in 1 week. After the intervention, the knowledge and awareness of the intervention group regarding fluid consumption increased (
p
= 0.001). The dehydration risk score of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group (
p
= 0.0001). There was a significant change in average 3-day water intake (
p
= 0.0001), urine specific gravity value (
p
= 0.01), and urine color scale score (
p
= 0.0001) in the intervention group between pre- and post-test. The hydration management program provided a significant improvement in daily water intake and dehydration risk score and increased knowledge and awareness among older adults concerning the importance of fluid intake. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(9), 40–48.]
Development of a Nurtured Heart Approach
®
Questionnaire
Authors: McGrellis Karen , Swarbrick Margaret , Cummings Cathy , Wilson Barbara , Gill Kenneth
Published: August 2021

A training and coaching team embarked on a training and technical assistance program evaluation project to examine the development of a tool used to determine the impact of training on staff and families serving youth with behavioral health challenges and their families. The training evaluation project centered on the development of a tool to examine the impact of training on trainee attitudes. The current article provides an overview of the development of the Nurtured Heart Approach
®
(NHA) Questionnaire to help support training and technical assistance implementation efforts by nursing and other trainers interested in best practice approaches to empower youth with behavioral health challenges. The questionnaire was found to be internally consistent and to have relatively stable, empirically derived factors consistent with the NHA model, but differing somewhat from the theoretically derived “Stands,” or areas of emphasis. The questionnaire is sensitive to changes in attitude resulting from the NHA training. Therefore, it would a viable, practical instrument to test staff acquisition of NHA–related attitudes. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 60
(2), 15–19.]
Life Experiences of Older Men Living Alone With Depression
Authors: Jeon Seung-Hoon , Hong Gwi-Ryung Son , Jang Hye-Young
Published: August 2021

As the percentage of older adults living alone increases, social interest has been drawn to this physically, financially, and socially vulnerable group. The purpose of the current study was to gain a deeper understanding of the life experiences of older men with depression who live alone. Eight community-dwelling men aged ≥65 years who lived alone in Korea and had depression were enrolled in this study. Data were collected via individual in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Four themes emerged from analysis:
Life Trapped in the Traditional Masculine Ideology
,
Weakening Mind and Body
,
Lost and Helpless
, and
Beginning of Communication With the World
. Results of this study will be helpful in developing more effective depression intervention programs for older men living alone by increasing community health care professionals' understanding and sensitivity. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 60
(2), 33–40.]
Boltzmann-type equations for multi-agent systems with label switching
Authors: Loy Nadia , Tosin Andrea
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we propose a Boltzmann-type kinetic description of mass-varying interacting multi-agent systems. Our agents are characterised by a microscopic state, which changes due to their mutual interactions, and by a label, which identifies a group to which they belong. Besides interacting within and across the groups, the agents may change label according to a state-dependent Markov-type jump process. We derive general kinetic equations for the joint interaction/label switch processes in each group. For prototypical birth/death dynamics, we characterise the transient and equilibrium kinetic distributions of the groups via a Fokker-Planck asymptotic analysis. Then we introduce and analyse a simple model for the contagion of infectious diseases, which takes advantage of the joint interaction/label switch processes to describe quarantine measures.
Modified chemical reaction optimization and its application in engineering problems
Authors: Ma Shijing ,   School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130022, China, Wang Yunhe , Zhang Shouwei ,   School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
Published: August 2021

Chemical Reaction Optimization (CRO) is a simple and efficient evolutionary optimization algorithm by simulating chemical reactions. As far as the current research is concerned, the algorithm has been successfully used for solving a number of real-world optimization tasks. In our paper, a new real encoded chemical reaction optimization algorithm is proposed to boost the efficiency of the optimization operations in standard chemical reactions optimization algorithm. Inspired by the evolutionary operation of the differential evolution algorithm, an improved search operation mechanism is proposed based on the underlying operation. It is modeled to further explore the search space of the algorithm under the best individuals. Afterwards, to control the perturbation frequency of the search strategy, the modification rate is increased to balance between the exploration ability and mining ability of the algorithm. Meanwhile, we also propose a new population initialization method that incorporates several models to produce high-quality initialized populations. To validate the effectiveness of the algorithm, nine unconstrained optimization algorithms are used as benchmark functions. As observed from the experimental results, it is evident that the proposed algorithm is significantly better than the standard chemical reaction algorithm and other evolutionary optimization algorithms. Then, we also apply the proposed model to address the synthesis problem of two antenna array synthesis. The results also reveal that the proposed algorithm is superior to other approaches from different perspectives.
A comparative study of SIR Model, Linear Regression, Logistic Function and ARIMA Model for forecasting COVID-19 cases
Authors: Abolmaali Saina ,   Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, 345 W Magnolia Ave, Auburn, AL 36849, USA, Shirzaei Samira ,   Department of Computer Information System & Analytics , University of Central Arkansas, 201 Donaghey Ave, Conway, AR 72035, USA
Published: August 2021

Starting February 2020, COVID-19 was confirmed in 11,946 people worldwide, with a mortality rate of almost 2%. A significant number of epidemic diseases consisting of human Coronavirus display patterns. In this study, with the benefit of data analytic, we develop regression models and a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model for the contagion to compare the performance of models to predict the number of cases. First, we implement a good understanding of data and perform Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA). Then, we derive parameters of the model from the available data corresponding to the top 4 regions based on the history of infections and the most infected people as of the end of August 2020. Then models are compared, and we recommend further research.
Is There a Link between Income Inequality and Economic Growth in the Balkans? Testing the Kuznets Hypothesis
Authors: Velkovska Ivana , Trenovski Borce , Kozheski Kristijan
Published: August 2021

This paper makes an effort to test the Kuznets hypothesis in selected Balkan countries by applying panel data regression analysis for the period 2001-2012. We analyzed the following Balkan countries: 1) EU member states – Croatia, Slovenia, Greece and Bulgaria and 2) EU candidate states – North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and Serbia. The results indicate the existence of the Kuznets curve that is flatter at initial stages of economic development, with income inequality declining at later stages of economic growth. In addition, the EU membership is correlated to lower income inequality, indicating better redistribution efforts in these countries compared to the EU candidate countries. Keywords: income inequality, Kuznets curve, Gini index, panel data model.
Achieving Business Excellence for Luxury Brands
Authors: Mandal Pratap Chandra
Published: August 2021

Luxury brands possess specific characteristics which are different from that of other brands and require special considerations for marketing and promotion. The target market of luxury brands constitutes of high-end customers who have high aspirations and dreams which they wish to fulfill by possessing luxury products. Marketers of luxury brands require developing and implementing specific strategies for achieving business excellence. Luxury brands should have a strong customer focus and in-depth understanding of customers. Luxury brands require specific pricing, promotion, and distribution strategies. Pricing strategies include charging price premiums and having price-quality inferences. Luxury brands should communicate a unique value proposition and should justify high prices. Proper distribution strategies reflect exclusivity and uniqueness of luxury brands. Adopting and implementing such strategies will help luxury brands to convince their high-end customers, establish the brands, and achieve business excellence.
A Novel Architectural Model for Dynamic Updating and Verification of Data Storage in Cloud Environment
Authors: Rajput Dharmendra Singh , Praveen Kumar Reddy M.  , Somula Ramasubbareddy , Bharath Bhushan S.  , Poluru Ravi Kumar
Published: August 2021

Cloud computing is a quickly emerging computing model in the IT industry. Due to the rapid increase in technology, many clients want to store multiple copies of the same data in multiple data centers. Clients are outsourcing the data to cloud service providers and enjoying the high quality of service. Cloud service providers (CSP) are going to charge extra amounts for storing multiple copies; CSP must provide the firm guarantee for storing multiple copies. This paper proposes a new system model for storing and verifying multiple copies; this model deals with identifying tarnished copies which are transparent for the clients. Also, it deals with dynamic data control in the cloud with optimal results.
Impact of Self-Directed Learning and Educational Technology Readiness on Synchronous E-Learning
Authors: Chau Ka Yin , Law Kris M. Y. , Tang Yuk Ming
Published: August 2021

The coronavirus (COVID-19) has had severe global impacts in many aspects of education. Asian countries and regions have been the first responders to move entirely online since the epidemic started. The aim of this paper is two-folded. First, this study investigates the correlations in order to understand the compounded effects on presences in the participating synchronous learning environments. Second, this paper provide empirical evidence and insights for educators on the future trends of learning and instructional strategy in online teaching. This study investigated students’ perception of synchronous e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic for the better design of the e-learning teaching pedagogy and determines how the key factors of e-learning perception are inter-correlated enabling educators to focus on. The study has important implications that student readiness in educational technology is critical to assist the recent practice in implementing online learning.
KIR3DL1 Allotype-Dependent Modulation of NK Cell Immunity against Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Izumi Kiyotaka , Shindo Takero , Ngo Huong Thi , Nakayama-Hosoya Kaori , Akahane Koshi , Tamai Minori , Nguyen Thao T T , Kawana-Tachikawa Ai , Inukai Takeshi , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi
Published: August 2021

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)–treated chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients with increased NK cell number have a better prognosis, and thus, NK cells may suppress CML. However, the efficacy of TKIs varies for reasons yet to be fully elucidated. As NK cell activity is modulated by interactions between their killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) and HLAs of target cells, the combination of their polymorphisms may have functional significance. We previously showed that allelic polymorphisms of KIR3DL1 and HLAs were associated with the prognosis of TKI-treated CML patients. In this study, we focus on differential NK cell activity modulation through KIR3DL1 allotypes. KIR3DL1 expression levels varied according to their alleles. The combination of KIR3DL1 expression level and HLA-Bw4 motifs defined NK cell activity in response to the CML-derived K562 cell line, and Ab-mediated KIR3DL1 blocking reversed this activity. The TKI dasatinib enhanced NK cell activation and cytotoxicity in a KIR3DL1 allotype-dependent manner but did not significantly decrease effector regulatory T cells, suggesting that it directly activated NK cells. Dasatinib also enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 bearing the BCR-ABL1 T315I TKI resistance–conferring mutation, depending on KIR3DL1/HLA-Bw4 allotypes. Transduction of KIR3DL1*01502 into the NK cell line NK-92 resulted in KIR3DL1 expression and suppression of NK-92 activity by HLA-B ligation, which was reversed by anti-KIR3DL1 Ab. Finally, KIR3DL1 expression levels also defined activation patterns in CML patient–derived NK cells. Our findings raise the possibility of a novel strategy to enhance antitumor NK cell immunity against CML in a KIR3DL1 allotype-dependent manner.
Blood flow restriction exercise to attenuate postoperative loss of function after total knee replacement: a randomized pilot study
Authors: Przkora Rene , Sibille Kimberly , Victor Sandra , Meroney Matthew , Leeuwenburgh Christiaan , Gardner Anna , Vasilopoulos Terrie , Parvataneni Hari K.
Published: August 2021

Aging well is directly associated with a healthy lifestyle. The focus of this paper is to relate that attenuation of postoperative loss of muscle function after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important consideration. Because patients usually do not tolerate standard high-resistance exercise in the preoperative or postoperative period, they often experience a decline in strength and function. Therefore, we tested the feasibility and acceptability of an alternative low-resistance exercise protocol with blood flow restriction (BFR) using a tourniquet in the preoperative period for patients awaiting TKA. We recruited patients undergoing a TKA and randomized six to the BFR exercise for 4 weeks prior to surgery and four to standard of care (no exercise). We measured physical function using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), leg strength (peak torque), and pain (numerical pain score) 4 to 5 weeks preoperatively and 2 weeks postoperatively. The clinical management, e.g., anesthetic management, did not differ between groups. No complications were observed. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of the BFR intervention. Although preliminary and not powered for comparison, the BFR group demonstrated less decline in SPPB following surgery (−2.2, 95%CI:−4.4,0.1) compared to the no exercise group (−4.8, 95%CI:−7.8,−1.7). No differences were noted for the 6MWT, leg strength, and pain measurements. We conclude that preoperative low-resistance exercise using the BFR is feasible and acceptable, and this test warrants investigation as an intervention to potentially attenuate the postoperative loss of physical function after TKA.
Wick polynomials in noncommutative probability: a group-theoretical approach
Authors: Ebrahimi-Fard Kurusch , Patras Frédéric , Tapia Nikolas , Zambotti Lorenzo
Published: August 2021

Wick polynomials and Wick products are studied in the context of noncommutative probability theory. It is shown that free, Boolean, and conditionally free Wick polynomials can be defined and related through the action of the group of characters over a particular Hopf algebra. These results generalize our previous developments of a Hopf-algebraic approach to cumulants and Wick products in classical probability theory.