bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ملاحظات حول التأثيرات الليبية في مقابر سهل میسارا
Authors: غزال د. احمد حسن
Published: January 2024

قصدت بهذه الدراسة القاء مزيد من الضوء على بداية المرحلة التاريخية في ليبيا ، وذلك من خلال دراسة الشواهد الأثرية التي تعكسها المقابر الدائرية التي انتشرت في سهل میسارا الواقع في جنوب جزيرة كريت وفي مواجهة الساحل الليبي ، خلال الألف الثالثة ق.م ، خاصة وأن هذا الموضوع لم ينل بعد اهتمام الدارسين العرب . وحتى من تعرض له من الدارسين الأجانب يقع في بعض الأخطاء وذلك نتيجة عدم فهم ، في بعض الأحيان ، لطبيعة المقابر الليبية وتطور أشكالها ، مما أدى الى الخلط في وجهات النظر المختلفة ، وبالتالي لم تتبلور بعد نقطة هامة وملموسة تعكس تأثيرا حضاريا للقبائل الليبية في هذه الفترة عبر البحر المتوسط
دراسة التاريخ عند ارنولد توينبي
Authors: عبید د. اسحق عبید
Published: January 2024

ان دراسة التاريخ ، لأرنولد توينبی دراسة عملاقة تقع في اثنی عشر جزءا ، وتضم بحرا من المادة التاريخية على النحو الآتي : ا يقسم الكاتب مادته التاريخية الى وحدات يطلق على كل منها لفظة مجتمع
THE UNIVE,RSITY OF BENGHAZI FA CUL TY OF ARTS THE FIRST GEOGRAPHICAL CONFERENCE ( THE GEOGRAPHY OF LIBYA )
Authors: Goud Dr. G. H. Goud
Published: January 2024

In 1973 our colleague Dr. Mansour el-Kikhia, the former  Dean of the Faculty of Arts proposed that a Conference on the  Geography of Libya be organised. The time was ripe for his  proposal. The conference aimed at studying the several aspects  of the Geography of Libya through field-research. All these  studies will he published in a special volume to facilitate their  discussion and maximise their benefits.  

It was felt that a scientific conference would provide a  basis for, and a stimulus to further research. It is to he  hoped that the students of Geography and graduates will he  inspired to take the lead in this research.  

Letters were sent out to as many persons known to have  an interest in the Geography of Libya, inquiring as to their  interest in participating in a con£ erence to be held in March  1975. The response to this initial inquiry was encouraging.  The University covered all expenses regarding accommodation  and transportation during the field-work and during stay to  attend the conference, as well as the round-trip travelling  expenses.  

Geographers of 8 nationalities came to Benghazi to present  their contributions. I should like to take this opportunity, to  thank the 29 authors who presented the papers, for their effort,  which made the conference succeed so well in its stated purpose.  

The meetings were held in an Auditorium of the Faculty  of Arts, Benghazi on March 15 to 25, 1975. Soci'al functions  sponsored by the Minister of Education and two field trips to  the Kufra Oases and Jahal al-Akhdar rounded out the program.
HISTORICAL ROOTS OF THREE INTELLECTUAL MOVEMENTS
Authors: Abu Shanab Robert E.
Published: January 2024

The primary objective of this paper is to exhibit the historical interrelationships among Logical Positivism, Opera tionalism, and Behaviorism. Although these three movements occurred almost independently of each other, yet, to use S.S. Stevens' words, “ a general community of spirit among them led directly to extensive cross-fertilization ” (1) Specifically, I shall however concern myself as much with the salient points of encounter among these three movements as it is also with (1) a clarification of the historical influence of these movements, and (2) asking some philosophical questions about the result of this influence. But before a discussion of the historical perspective of each movement is delineated, it would behoove us to indicate in a concise manner the general lines of thought concerning each movement.
THE EARLY ARAGONESE PARDINA : ITS ETYMOLOGY AND FUNCTION
Authors: Nelson Dr. Lynn H.
Published: January 2024

The majority of the population of Upper Aragon has tra Jelly tended 10 group itself in nucleated communities, but aus isolated habitations dot hte landscape. There are us types of such establishments, serving different funct e and called by distinctive names. Pajares and bordas are Celatively modest dwellings serving the temporary needs of the chepherds of the region, while the casetas act as field quarters during the height of the agricultural season
ضرورة الاستفادة من مخطوطة جامعة قاریونس في طبعة جديدة لأمالي ثعلب
Authors: يوسف د.السيد
Published: January 2024

بادر المحقق المشهور الأستاذ عبد السلام محمد هارون إلى إتحاف علماء العربية  بنشر أمالي ثعلب عن نسخة واحدة  غير مكتفية، وقد قوبلت مبادرته باستحسان وتقدير رمزت اليهما جائزة المجمع اللغوي لسنة 1949-1950م حقاً كانت الاوساط العلمية متعطشة متلهفة إلى رؤية ذلك الأثر الجليل بدرجة لم تكن لتصبر إلى أن تنهيأ الفرصة للبحث والتنقيب عن النسخ المختلفة وجمعها للاستعانة بها في إبراز صورة واضحية منقحة للأمالي التي ربما تضمنت البيان في أسلوب قديم وتعرضت لمسائل لغوية ونحوية دقيقة لا يمكن أن نتبينها على  وجهها إلا إذا وثقنا من صورة الحروف ونقطها وشكلها بحيث يزول اللبس ويرتفع الشك
الجهمية والمحدثون
Authors: ملك د.محمد
Published: January 2024

تعريف : فرقة الجهمية المنسوبة إلى مؤسسها الجهم بن صفوان هي إحدى الفرق الإسلامية القديمة ، يقال انها قدمت بعض العقائد الضالة بحيث اهتم المحدثون بردها منذ أول يوم.
بهذه المناسبة يقال أن أحمد بن حنبل أول محدث حمل رأسا على الجهمية ، واهتم الحنابلة فيما بعد برد عقائد الجهمية ، مع ذلك نجد ان غير الحنابلة أيضا كالبخاري وغيره من المحدثين شاركوا الحنابلة في نقض عقائد الجهمية وكتبوا فيها ، ليس هذا فحسب بل نجد أيضا ملاحظة عابرة أن المحدثين الذين عاشوا قبل أحمد بن حنبل نقضوا من عقائد الجهمية هذه او تلك.  في ضوء هذه الملاحظات العاسرة لا يمكن تعیین مقدار مساعيهم وكيفية جهودهم ، على الأقل تشير هذه الملاحظات إلى أن المحدثين قبل أحمد این حنبل عرفوا عقائد الجهمية حتى المعرفة وقاموا بنشاطات بالغة للرد عليها ، وتقضوها إلى حد معلوم.
عرض لكتاب سياسة روما الشرقية
Authors: الاثرم د.رجب
Published: January 2024

يتحدث هذا الكتاب عن كيفية ضم روما لكل من قورينائية   وكريت ومصر وما بين النهرين إلى حظيرتها و سیاستها تجاه هذه المناطق. .
ويهمنا أن نبر ز في عرضنا لهذا الكتاب كل ما يتعلق بإقليم قورينائية الذي خصص له الكاتب القسم الأول من كتابه.
پيدا المؤلف دراسته بوصف موقع الأقليم موضحا أنه بالرغم من وجود قورينائية في شمال شواطيء افريقيا فانها كثيرا ما كانت منعزلة عن باقي بلادها إذ تحيط بها الصحراء من ثلاث جهات فمن ناحية الشرق هضبة مرماريكا و الصحراء الليبية التي تمتد حتى دلتا النيل ، ومن ناحية الغرب تحف بها صحراء تمتد إلى البحر وشواطيء سرت Syrteis ومن ناحية الجنوب لا تترك الصحراء سوى مساحة لا تتجاوز الخمسين كيلو مترا محصورة بينها وبين الشاطيء
منهجية علم الانسان الاجتماعي
Authors: قنوص دكتور : صبحي
Published: January 2024

بالرغم من تقدم كثير من المجتمعات ماديا وثقافيا الا اننا نجد كثيرا من مفكري علم الانسان الاجتماعي ( الأنثروبولوجيا الاجتماعية  Social Anthropology  كان ولا يزال اهتمامهم منصبا على دراسة الكل الوظيفي للمجتمع.

وهذا الاهتمام كان مرجعه الى أن الدراسات الميدانية المبكرة كانت مركزة على دراسة المجتمعات البدائية قليلة الحجم من الناحية السكانية ومحدودة الثقافة والتي اتصفت بالشمولية في أبنيتها وأنظمتها الاجتماعية . وقد رأى بعض من مفكري علم الانسان وعلى رأسهم رادكلف براون Radcliffe - Brown أنه يجب على المشتغل بعلم الانسان الاجتماعي أن يدرس المجتمع من خلال مقارنته بمجتمع آخر وخاصة فيما يتعلق بدراسة الوقائع والأحداث الموجودة في المجتمع الخاضع للدراسة . إلا أن وجهة النظر هذه التي أكد عليها رادكلف براون لا تفيدنا في شيء لأنه لا يوجد تشابه وظيفي في مثل هذه الوقائع ، حيث أن ما اعتبره الباحث الميداني حدثا أو واقعة أو نسقا بالنسبة للمجتمع الذي نقوم بدراسته قد يراه باحث ميداني آخر عبارة عن مجموعة من التصورات أو ايديولوجيات معينة ، ولهذا فانه يصعب مقارنة هذه الوقائع حتى وان كانت موجودة في بعض المجتمعات حيث إن درجة وجودها تتفاوت نظرا التفاوت وتباين درجات حدوثها ورسوخها في كثير من المجتمعات حتى ولو كانت بدائية ، ولا يمكن بأي حال من الأحوال دراستها كأشياء .
نمو السكان في مصراته
Authors: الكيخيا د. منصور
Published: January 2024

تعتبر مدينة مصراته من أقدم المدن الليبية ، فتاريخها عريق تمتد جذوره الى العهد الروماني ، حيث ورد في بعض المراجع التاريخية القديمة، ذكر ميناء  ثوباستیس  Tupactis ، وذكر ما يتمتع به في ذلك الوقت من نشاط تجاري متبادل مع بعض الموانئ الأخرى على ساحل البحر المتوسط ، كان ذلك الميناء يمثل مركزا من مراكز التبادل التجاري على ساحل الشمال الإفريقي التي تعتمد في نشاطها التجاري على تصدير السلع الواردة من وسط القارة الأفريقية وشمالها الى موانئ البحر المتوسط . ويبدو أن ذلك الميناء اضمحل نشاطه كثيرا في العصور اللاحقة ، حيث لا نجد له ذكرا خلال الفترة التي افتتح فيها المسلمون هذه البلاد ، و اندثر اسم ثوباستیس نهائيا ليظهر في تلك المنطقة تجمع سكاني جديد على شكل مدينة تجارية أيضا لعبت دورا نشطا في التجارة مع داخل القارة الافريقية ومع بعض موانئ البحر المتوسط خاصة ميناء البندقية التي كانت تستورد منها كميات كبيرة من الزيت والصوف ، وتصدر اليها الادوات الزجاجية والاسلحة والاقمشة وغيرها من الأدوات المصنعة . آن نواة مدينة مصراته الحالية يرجع تاريخها إلى تلك الحقبة من العصور الوسطى ، وكانت مدينة مصراته القديمة تضم تجمعا سكانيا هاما منذ ذلك التاريخ ولعبت دورا واضحا في احداث ذلك العصر الاقتصادية والسياسية والثقافية، وحتى عندما أضمحلت تجارة القوافل مع دواخل أفريقيا، وتدهورت التجارة البحرية مع موانئ البحر المتوسط بسبب نشاط القرصنة والحروب البحرية ، لم تندثر المدينة نهائيا بل استمرت حيويتها كمركز للتبادل التجاري الداخلي بين شرق ليبيا وغربها ، وكانت تمثل كذلك محطة هامة تقصدها قوافل الحجاج في ذهابها وعودتها بين مناطق الشمال الإفريقي والحجاز 

ان هذا القدر من النشاط التجاري و بعض النشاط الزراعي الذي نما حول تلك المدينة لم يمكنها من تحقيق نمو كبير يمكنها من استيعاب أعداد كبيرة من السكان ، ولكنه مكنها على الأقل من الاحتفاظ لنفسها بمكانة لا بأس بها بين التجمعات السكانية الهامة في شمال ليبيا . وقد عرفت خلال تلك الفترة من تاريخها وخلال الاحقاب التاريخية اللاحقة لها بأنها مصدر لتوزيع المهاجرين الى كثير من مناطق ليبيا ، خاصة المناطق الشرقية ، فقد مهر سكانها في الأعمال التجارية التي توارثوها خلال تاريخهم التجاري العريق ، واشتهروا بين سكان المدن الليبية كافة بحبهم للمغامرة في هذا الميدان ، الشيء الذي حفزهم الى النزوح من مصراته والهجرة الى المدن الليبية الأخرى حيث كان لهم نصيب وافر في تنشيط الحركة التجارية في طرابلس وسبها و بنغازي و البيضاء وطبرق وغيرها . هذه الهجرة يمكن اعتبارها أحد العوامل التي أدت الى الانخفاض النسبي في النمو السكاني بمنطقة مصراته خلال فترة طويلة تمتد من العصر العثماني الاول وحتى منتصف القرن العشرين ولا زالت هذه الظاهرة موجودة حتى الآن وان لم تكن بنفس الحدة والقوة التي كانت عليها سابقا . تحتل منطقة مصراته - حسب الحدود الادارية للبلدية - الطرف الشمالي الغربي من ساحل خلیج سرت وتتوغل في المنطقة شبه الجافة حتى وادي الكسامين الواقع في الطرف الشمالي المنخفض الجفرة ، وتتميز بسطح منبسط في أغلبه تتخلله بعض التلال قليلة الارتفاع و بعض مجاري الوديان الجافة ، وتغلب عليه التربة الرملية باستثناء بعض المنخفضات التي تغطيها السبخات في الجهة الشرقية بين تاورغاء وقصر احمد ، وكذلك بعض المناطق التي تظهر فيها طبقات الصخور الجيرية على السطح وهي مساحات محدودة و متفرقة ، ويغلب على المنطقة المناخ شبه الصحراوي فيما عدا الجزء الشمالي منها - والذي تقع فيه مصراته نفسها فانه يتأثر بمناخ البحر المتوسط حيث تهطل الأمطار الشتوية بمعدل متوسطة 200 مم سنويا الشكل (1).
السوسيولوجيا وأزمة المجتمع العربي
Authors: عرابي د. عبد القادر
Published: January 2024

ان الغرض من هذا البحث هو دراسة العلاقة المتبادلة بين التفكير الاجتماعي عند العرب أو علم الاجتماع العربي ، وبين المجتمع العربي : فمن المعلوم أن العلوم الانسانية عموما وعلم الاجتماع خصوصا، تعكس مدى التطور الحضاري والفكري للمجتمع . فهناك علاقة متبادلة بين الفكر والواقع ، هذه العلاقة تكون على أشدها بين السوسيولوجيا والمجتمع ، ولا غرابة في ذلك، اذ أن السوسيولوجيا تدرس النظم والظواهر الاجتماعية من زاوية أثرها على العلاقات الاجتماعية و على تكوين الانسان ووعيه وسلوكه ، كما تدرس السوسيولوجيا أشكال و وظائف الاجتماع الانساني ، وكذلك عوامل التفكك والترابط الاجتماعي .
احمد رفیق المهدوي شاعر الوطنية الانسان المحب
Authors: رمضان الدكتور عبد القادر احمد
Published: January 2024

« المرحوم ، أحمد رفيق أحمد المهدوي شاعر فحل من شعراء اللغة الضاد العظام في أدبنا العربي الحديث ، أدب اليقظة والوعي القومي الأمتنا المجيدة المناضلة التي تأبى الضيم وتنافح عن عروبتها وعزة أوطانها مسلحة بقوة إيمانها بدينها وحقها في العزة والسيادة على الوطن العربي الكبير الذي ورثت سيادته عن آبائها العظام الذين حملوا لواء المعرفة والأخوة الانسانية للبشرية جمعاء .
Effectiveness of Task Oriented Exercise on Lower Limb in Post Stroke Patient with Lateral Medullary Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Dharmavel.R  , Saravan Kumar  , Prathap Suganthirababu  , Vignesh Srinivasan  , Priyadharshini Kumar  , Dhanusia S  , Kumaresan A  , Surya Vishnuram
Published: January 2024

Background: Stroke has such a significant socioeconomic impact worldwide. Stroke is gaining ground in terms ofpublic awareness, patient and carer knowledge, service improvements, and research.Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of task-oriented exercise on lower limb in poststroke patients with lateral medullary syndrome.Result: Comparing the outcomes of the FIM and BBS pre- and post-tests, there is a positive change seen in all the10 participants after giving a task-oriented approach as a treatment. The post-scores (P<0.05) of FIM have showna significant difference in all the participants. The post-scores (p>0.05) of BBS also have shown betterment in thebalance and reduction of fall risk.
Effect of Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Anxiety and Sleep Disturbances among Geriatric Population: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sakthi. R  , Vignesh Srinivasan  , Prathap Suganthirababu  , Priyadharshini Kumar  , Dhanusia S  , Kumaresan A  , Surya Vishnuram
Published: January 2024

Background: Anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic has been a significant concern for people of all age groups,including geriatric individuals. The elderly population has faced unique challenges during this time, which cancontribute to increased anxiety levels. The uncertainty and fear surrounding the pandemic can lead to increasedanxiety and stress, which can negatively impact sleep quality and duration.Purpose: The aim of this study is to find out the effect of vagal nerve stimulation on anxiety and sleep disturbancesamong geriatric population.Methodology: Using the Purposive Sampling method, a total of 20 individuals were chosen based on the inclusionand exclusion criteria. The participants were divided into two groups using the closed envelope method, and theytook part in therapy sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week for a period of four weeks. The control groupreceived Jacobson’s progressive relaxation technique, whereas the experimental group received non-invasiveTranscutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation.Result: With a p value of 0.001, transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve activation significantly improved sleepquality and reduced anxiety after 4 weeks.Conclusion: Study showed that transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation was effective in reducing Anxiety andimproving sleep quality in geriatric population.
Comparison of Yoga Asana along with Aerobic Exercise and Aerobic Exercise alone for Dysmenorrhea among College Students with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Supriya Purushothaman  , Senthil Kumar N  , Karthika Ramalingam  , Kumaresan  , Anitha  , Muthukumaran  , Jagatheesan Alagesan
Published: January 2024

Background: Dysmenorrhea is a distressing sensory and emotional experience that occurs usually in the region ofthe lower abdomen. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the syndrome in which the ovaries create excessiveproduction of androgens that are typically present in women at a minimal level. This study compares the effectof yoga on PCOS with dysmenorrhea in women of reproductive age using the McGill pain questionnaire andWaLIDD score.Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of aerobic exercise and yoga asana fordysmenorrhea among college students with polycystic ovarian syndrome.Materials and Methods: This experimental study has been conducted from December 2022 to May 2023 whichincluded 150 girls (18 to 25 years old) who were screened for PCOS and 98 girls who willingly filled out a Googleform to the female college students, Based on the inclusion criteria, 50 people took part and were separated intotwo groups: one group is given aerobic exercise with yoga, while the other group is given only an aerobic exercise.The treatment is for 60 minutes and 5 days per week is given and continued for 12 weeks. The pre-test and posttestwere taken. The values were tabulated and statically evaluated.Result: the results revealed that the addition of yoga along with aerobic exercise results in 70-80% of the womenbeing beneficial for managing the dysmenorrhea and PCOS which are statistically significant with a p value of0.0001.Conclusion: The study shows that yoga asana with aerobic exercise for PCOS students is more beneficial inlowering the risk of dysmenorrhea than aerobic exercise alone.
Effectiveness of Eccentric Strengthening Exercises and Concentric Strengthening Exercises with IFT in Alleviating Symptoms Associated with Osteoarthritis Knee Patients
Authors: Agushiah Mercelin A.J  , Prathap Suganthirababu  , Kumaresan.A  , Vignesh Srinivasan  , Surya Vishnuram  , Dhanushiya  , Riyadarshini.K
Published: January 2024

Background: The most prevalent condition that affects the articular cartilage and subchondral bone is osteoarthritisof the knee. Most cases of knee osteoarthritis are seen in the medial tibiofemoral compartment. There is currentlyno complete recovery for knee osteoarthritis.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of eccentric strengthening exercise and concentricstrengthening exercise with IFT in alleviating symptoms associated with OA knee patients.Materials and Methods:36 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee are included in the trial. Before beginning thestudy, an informed permission form was obtained from the subjects. Using the WOMAC scale, the pre- and posttestvalues were calculated.The Concentric group with IFT and the Eccentric group with IFT were created. Thesubjects received concentric exercises and eccentric exercises for 3 days a week and it was continued for 4 weeks.For each session,3 sets and 10 repetition was given.Result: The collected data was statistically analysed using a paired and unpaired t-test. When comparing theeccentric group with the concentric group, the eccentric group indicates significant (p<0.0001)effect in loweringthe pain and improving the function of the knee as assessed by WOMAC scale.Conclusion: According to the research, eccentric strengthening exercises combined with IFT are superior thanconcentric strengthening exercises for lowering pain and enhancing patients’ functional activity.
Comparing the Effect of Swiss Ball and Mckenzie Exercise among Football Players with Non-Symptomatic Anterior Pelvic Tilt
Authors: Susmitha Mahenthiran  , Vinodhkumar Ramalingam
Published: January 2024

Background: The anterior pelvic tilt is characterized by ASIS rotating inferiorly in relation to the PSIS or beingpositioned lower than the PSIS in the sagittal plane. When compared to non-athletes, football players are morelikely to have a higher anterior pelvic tilt angle. The anterior pelvic tilt experienced by football players may makethem more prone to musculoskeletal problems.Purpose: This study is intended to compare the effects of Swiss ball and McKenzie exercise on a sample of footballplayers who have an anterior pelvic tilt without any symptoms.Materials and Methods: 30 Subjects who were selected in the stadium under Shai physio clinic based on inclusioncriteria. They were divided equally among two groups. Group A (n=15) subjects were managed with Swiss Ballexercise and Group B (n= 15) subjects were managed with McKenzie exercise. The subjects were evaluated usingAngulus ROM software. Study period:October 2022 to June 2023.Results: In Group A (Swiss Ball), the post-test mean value was 10.80 (2.27), significantly lower compared withGroup B (Mckenzie Exercise), 16.33 (3.04). This demonstrates the correction of excessive anterior tilt amongfootball players in Group-A following Swiss Ball Therapy. However, the subjects in both groups were found tohave a significantly decreased anterior tilting of the pelvis now exists following the interventions in Group A(Swiss Ball) and Group B (Mckenzie Exercise).Conclusion: According to the present study’s findings, participants with anterior pelvic tilt responded well toboth the interventions. Nonetheless the subjects who used a Swiss ball exercise were found to have correction inanterior pelvic tilt more quickly than those who performed the McKenzie exercise.
Effects of Gluteal Muscle Focused Exercise Regimen on Functional Movement and Posture in Children with Down Syndrome: Pilot Study
Authors: Reshi Chockalingam  , S.Senthil Kumar  , Senthil Kumar N
Published: January 2024

Background: This article emphasizes the importance of the gluteal muscles in children with Down syndrome,revealing their impact on posture and functional movement.Purpose: The motive of this study was to assess the remedial effects of the gluteal muscle exercise regimen ascompared to the conventional protocol for Down syndrome and develop the most efficient treatment protocol forchildren with down syndrome.Materials and Methods: Twelve children with Down syndrome received 8 weeks of continuous therapy, dividedinto conventional and Gluteal muscle exercise regimen groups using randomization. Pre and post-treatmentlevels of functional movement and posture were recorded and analyzed using GMFM and Posture Screen MobilePosture Assessment.Results: The Glutes group showed higher mean GMFM scores and better improvement in posture in 67% of the 6comparisons, while the remaining subjects didn’t show any notable difference.Conclusion: The gluteal muscle exercise regimen group demonstrated more remarkable improvement than theconventional exercise group in both functional movement and posture in children with downs syndrome in a 8week protocol.
Correlation between Foot Transverse Arch Index and Foot Posture Index in Identifying Foot Arches in Healthy Population
Authors: Pubali Das  , Jeyakumar. S  , Annie Thomas  , Priti Lendghar
Published: January 2024

Background:  Medial longitudinal arch of foot plays a crucial role on maintaining ankle during weight bearing activities. In previous studies arch index derived from foot print shows a negative correlation with the navicular height. There are no other studies have correlated mathematically derived foot print values with standing arch height measurements with an acceptable equation. This study correlates arch index and foot posture index to identify foot arches. Methods: subjects with high arch have taken for the study. The study type is observational study was done on sample size n=60,foot arch index and foot posture index was evaluated with the samples.  Findings: a r- value of 0.333, there is a Negative correlation between Arch index and Foot posture index in low arched foot. There is no significant correlation, and the a r- value of 0.173, there is a low positive correlation between arch index and foot posture index in high arched foot. Interpretation: Among high arched foot and low arched foot, Foot Posture Index and Arch Index is correlated, according to Pearson's correlation, only high arched foot shows low positive correlation between Foot Posture Index and Arch Index. Flatfoot shows negative correlation.
Effect of Task Specific Training on Activities of Daily Living and Functional Balance Among Parkinson’s Disease Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Parthiban K  , Prathap Suganthirababu  , Vignesh Srinivasan  , Priyadharshini Kumar  , Dhanusia S  , Kumaresan A  , Surya Vishnuram
Published: January 2024

Background: In Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients fear of falling, independence in day-to-day activities, andfunctional balance are interconnected. These impairments can significantly limit functionality and lead to disability,increasing the risk of falling by 46%. Falls can result in severe injuries and reduced quality of life.Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of task-specific training on the functionalbalance and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in individuals diagnosed with PD.Materials and Method: 10 patients of the both genders who had idiopathic PD ranged from Stage I to III on theHoehn & Yahr (H&Y) scale. Participants received task specific training for three days a week on alternate days for8 weeks. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) parts II, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and ActivitiesspecificBalance Confidence (ABC) Scale were used as outcome measures. The data was tabulated and analysedusing sigma plot software.Results: The results showed significant improvement in functional balance on BBS from 45.60±2.36 to 50.40±1.95,ADL on UPDRS part II from 22.50±1.95 to 16.70±1.63, balance confident on ABC scale from 68.12±2.20 to 78.24±2.61at the end of 8 weeks, with a p-value of < 0.01.Conclusion: The study concludes that the task specific training significantly improves functional balance,independence in ADL and reduces fear of fall among PD patients.
Effect of Action Observation Training and Bimanual Arm Training on Hand Function for Children with Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Iswarya S  , Jagatheesan Alagesan  , Senthil Kumar N  , Shruthi J
Published: January 2024

Background: The background of the study focuses on addressing the challenges in hand function that thesechildren face due to their condition. Action observation training aims to leverage the brain’s mirror neuronsystem to improve motor skills by observing and imitating actions. Bimanual arm training involves coordinatedmovement of both arms to enhance functional abilities.Purpose: The study compared the effects of action observation training and bimanual arm training on handfunction in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 children were chosen according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thesubjects were separated into two groups: action observation training (AOT) and bimanual arm training (BAT). TheFugl Meyer assessment scale (FMA) and the Box and Block test (BBT) were used for evaluating the result.Results: Both groups were homogenous at baseline, with a p value of 0.7866 in FMA and 0.6002 in BBT. Theresult of this study demonstrated that the action observation training group showed a better improvement thanbimanual arm training with a p value of < 0.0001.Conclusion: This study concluded that AOT improved hand function in cerebral palsy children.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Mikhled Knee Exercise Program and Quadriceps Based Training in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome among Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Sowmiya K M  , Vinodhkumar Ramalingam  , Buvanesh A
Published: January 2024

Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a relatively common musculoskeletal condition thatproduces pain at the front of the knee that may last for a long period. It is characterized by extensive pain in/around the patella. Individuals commonly report an exacerbation of their symptoms when engaging in activitiesthat increase compressive load pressures in the joint.Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of Mikheld knee exercise program and quadricepsbased training in patellofemoral pain syndrome among collegiate athletes.Material and Method: From November 2022 to April 2023, 54 participants with patellofemoral pain syndromewere selected and randomly divided into two equal groups at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital .Duringa four-week treatment session, Group A received a Mikheld knee exercise program, whereas Group B receivedquadriceps-based training. Subjects were evaluated twice (pre-treatment and post-treatment) using the NumericalPain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Kujala Patellofemoral Scale.Results: Statistical analysis show that there is a significant change within-group for NPRS, kujala patellofemoralscale in pre and post treatment, with a p value of < 0.0001, the mean of the Mikhled knee exercise program at thepost test was shown to be greater than the mean of quadriceps-based training.Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the Mikheld knee exercise program is more helpful inparticipants suffering from patellofemoral pain syndrome than quadriceps-based training persons. The study waslimited by the small number of participants.
To Study the Effectiveness of Dry Needling on Functional Performance with Plantar Fascitiis
Authors: Tamilarasi S  , Senthil kumar N  , Kumaresan A  , Anitha  , Pavithra  , Muthukumaran  , Jagatheesan Alagesan
Published: January 2024

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a chronic and progressive disease that impairs patients’ quality of life anddaily activities. PF is caused by repeated tissue injury at the origin of the calcaneus’ medial tuberosity. Thesymptoms include Pain expanding from the heel’s medial aspect into the arch of the foot. Pain is frequently worsein the morning, after a period of rest, or after engaging in physical exercise. These signs and symptoms can becomeparalyzing as the illness advances, reducing the individual’s ability to bear weight. According to recent research,the condition should be called fascists because the pathology is more similar to that of tendinosis. The thickness ofthe plantar fascia increases, as does degenerationPurpose: The purpose of the study to determine the effectiveness of dry needling for the subjects with plantarfasciitisMaterials and Methods: 68 subjects in total were chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Experimentalgroup (n=34) patients received dry needling of intended sites using a 30 mm needle that was gradually withdrawnafter 15 minutes. The conventional group (n=34) received the Ultrasound therapy was applied at 3.0-MHzfrequency .Patients taken from the five plus hospital. The study period was from December 2022 to March 2023.Results: Statistical analysis of 6 minute Walk test and NPRS examination post values revealed the constantlysignificant differences, With the P value of <0.0001.Conclusion: Dry needling with strengthening exercise was found to be comparatively more effective thanultrasound therapy with strengthening exercise.
Compare the Effectiveness of Weight Bearing Exercises and Plyometric Training Improve Joint Position Sense in Osteoarthritis Knee Subjects
Authors: Jeevitha.D  , Kotteeswaran.K
Published: January 2024

Background: This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of weight bearing exercises and plyometric training toimprove joint position sense in osteoarthritis knee subjects.Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of weight bearing exercises and plyometric training improve joint positionsense in osteoarthritis knee subjects.Materials and Methods: A total 196 subjects with OA knee were taken from the sri murugan physiotherapy pain andrehabilitation centre-kanchipuram.The subjects are selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.196 subjects weredivided into 2 groups. Group A contains 98 subjects received weight bearing exercises and group B contains 98 subjectsreceived plyometric exercises. Both the groups commonly received the IFT. All subjects underwent pre-test measurement with(KOOS) and the same repeated for post-test at the end of 4 weeks.The intervention was given for 4 weeks. The entire studyprocess was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. .Results: The pre-test and post-test were analysed, according to statistical analysis weight bearing exercise groupwere effective in decreasing the pain score and improved functional outcome with p value <0.0001.Conclusion: This study concluded that weight bearing exercises has high impact in improving the joint positionsense and functional outcome in OA knee subjects.
Effect of Aerobic Exercises and Strengthening Exercises in Improving Functional Mobility in Down Syndrome Population
Authors: Abinaya K  , Prathap suganthirubabu  , Vignesh Srivasan  , Kumaresan. A  , Surya Vishnuram  , Dhanusiya  , Priyadharshini. K  , Satheeskumar Durairaj
Published: January 2024

Background: When compared to children without Down syndrome (DS), children with DS exhibit qualitativelydifferent movement patterns and a considerable delay in the development of motor abilities. Due to their difficultymaintaining proper body alignment and aberrant walking patterns, children with DS are more likely to fall.Strengthening and aerobic exercise are part of the Down syndrome therapy programme.Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercises and strengthening exercises in Down SyndromePopulation .Methodology: Twenty down syndrome patients were randomly divided into groups A and B. Aerobic exercisewas given to ten subjects in group A, and strengthening exercise was given to ten subjects in group B. TheDynamic Gait Index Scale was employed as an outcome measure and was pre-assessed on Day 1. For four weeksof treatment, each group had two sessions per day, followed by a post-assessment of the outcome measures.Results: Group A experienced an increase in the dynamic gait index scale. The Group A showed improvement inthe Dynamic gait index scale after training, which was statistically significant (p<.01)Conclusion: The results obtained from this research were statistically classified and can be concluded that therewas a definite and positive effect of strengthening exercise in improving functional mobility in Down syndromepopulation.
Comparison of Physiological Profiles among Collegiate Football Players with and Without Musculoskeletal Pain: A Case Controlled Study
Authors: Jed Jonathan  , Vinodhkumar Ramalingam
Published: January 2024

Background: The physiological data cannot be the only predictor of competitive performance, much like inother sports where abilities are crucial. On the other hand, it’s important to remember that these physiologicalnorms and standards are prerequisites for success in football competition at the highest levels. When choosingtalent, conventions are crucial. For athletes who train and compete at the greatest levels of performance, painmanagement is a critical concern.Purpose: To evaluate the comparison of physiological effects among collegiate-level football players with andwithout musculoskeletal pain.Materials and Methods: The subjects were selected from the Saveetha physical education department based oninclusion criteria from January 2022 to April 2022. They explained about the study. 25 collegiate football playerswere involved: group A (n = 7) with musculoskeletal pain and group B (n = 17) without musculoskeletal pain. Thepro agility shuttle, vertical jump, standing broad jump, 40-yard test, and three cone drill were assessed, and thebody composition was assessed using a skinfold caliper.Result: The statistical analysis made with quantitative data revealed no statistical difference between groups Aand B.Conclusion: The present study shows there is no significant difference in the physiological profiles of footballplayers with or without musculoskeletal pain.
Efficacy of Swiss Ball Exercise and Resistance Training in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Meenakshi M  , Anitha A  , Ramana K  , Kamalakannan M
Published: January 2024

Background: Women of reproductive age are frequently affected with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome,an endocrine disorder that causes anovulation and infertility. There is a paucity in the evidence ofcomparing the effectiveness of the Swiss ball and resistance training among PCOS subjects.Purpose: To compare the effect of Swiss ball exercise and Resistance training in symptoms femaleswith Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.Materials and Method: A total of 30 subjects were selected from Private Institute. As outcomemeasures, the menstrual irregularity questionnaire (MIQ), BMI, and abdominal girth measurementwere used. Subjects were divided randomly into resistance training group (n = 15) received exerciseswith dumbbells and Swiss ball training group (n = 15) received exercises with Swiss ball, in additionto aerobic exercise.Results: Females with PCOS symptoms in RTG experienced statistically significant improvement inBMI from 28.3 ± 3.3 to 25.3 ± 3.3, in Abdominal girth 93.6 ± 4.6 to 88.8 ± 4.6, in MIQ 18.3 ± 3.8 to 13.5 ±3.3, with a p value of < 0.05 than in SBG which had BMI from 28.3 ± 3.7 to 27.9 ± 3.5, Abdominal girth93.6 ± 5.3 to 92.6 ± 5.3, MIQ 18.1 ± 3.5 to 16.4 ± 3.8, with a p value < 0.05.Conclusion: In comparison to a Swiss ball exercise, resistance training programme combined withaerobic activity is more effective at helping women with PCOS symptoms.
Effectiveness of Jacobson Relaxation Technique and Bhastrika Pranayama on Sleep Quality in Elderly Subjects
Authors: Gopika  , Kumaresan  , Prathap Suganthirababu  , Vignesh Srinivasan  , Surya Vishnuram  , Priyadharshini  , Jagatheesan Alagesan
Published: January 2024

Background: Insomnia continues to be one of the most prevalent sleep disorders seen in geriatric clinic population.It is typically characterized by the subjective complaints of trouble falling asleep, or experiencing nonrestorativesleep. This study was developed to determine the effectiveness of Jacobson relaxation techniques and Bhastrikapranayama on sleep quality in elderly subjects.Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of jacobson relaxation techniques and Bhastrika pranayama on sleep qualityin elderly subjects.Materials and Methods: This study is an experimental study . A total of 86 people participated in the studybased on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were chosen from the old age home . The subjects whowere willing to participate were divided into two separate groups as Group A (43 subjects) received jacobsonrelaxation techniques and Group B (43 subjects) received Bhastrika pranayama. All the 86 subjects were assessedwith insomnia severity index scale. This techniques was given for 2 weeks , 5 days per week. Pre and post testvalues were calculated and tabulated.Study period: November 2022 to June 2023.Results: According to statistical analysis Jacobson relaxation techniques are effective in improving the sleepquality in elderly subjects with p value of <0.0001.Conclusion: This study finally concluded that Jacobson relaxation techniques have a higher impact “compared toBhastrika Pranayama ” in improving sleep quality in elderly subjects and also the quality of life in elderly subjects.
Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique and Strengthening Exercises by KOOS in Knee Osteoarthritis Strengthening Exercise in Reducing Pain to Improve Functional Activity Measured by KOOS in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: S.Kalidhasan  , K. Kotteeswaran  , Andrew Anbarason J.P  , Iyyappan Manickavasagam
Published: January 2024

Background: According to 2012 data, the prevalence rate of OA in both rural and urban India was ranging from33% to 46% of the older adult population where females were more affected than men. Participants with knee OAfrequently need to perform strengthening exercises since they have weaker muscles due to decreased physicalactivity and pain tolerance.Purpose: The Purpose of the study is to find out the efficacy of Muscle energy technique and strengthening exercisein pain management to improve ROM in knee osteoarthritis.Materials and methods: This study included a sample of 196 between the age group of 45- 60 years were takenfrom Shri Shakthi’s centre for pain relief and rehabilitation according to selection criteria for this experimentalstudy which was divided into two groups, strengthening exercise group (n=98) and muscle energy techniquegroup (n=98) . Interventions were given as 5 sessions a week and continued for 2 weeks.Study period: March 2023 to July 2023.Result: The Pre-test and post-test values were analysed, pain score was decreased and functional outcome wasimproved significantly in strengthening exercise groups when compared to muscle energy technique.Conclusion: The study shows that strengthening exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee in older adults is moreeffective than muscle energy technique.
Effect of Kapalabhati, Sithali, Seethakari Pranayama and Yogic Postures On Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Mythri Jain  , Senthilkumar. S  , S. R. Karthika  , Prathap Suganthirababu  , Jagatheesan Alagesan
Published: January 2024

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder distinguished by hormonal imbalances,ovarian dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. The incidence of PCOS varies greatly in India, from 2.2% to26%.14Purpose: To find out the effect of Kapalabhati, Sithali, seethakari pranayama and yogic postures inPoly- cysticOvarian SyndromeMaterials and Methods: A total number 50 were selected from Jain Hospitals and labs based on inclusion criteriaand were divided. Yoga group: Kapalabhati pranayama – 3 rounds with 5 forceful expirations Sithali pranayama– 5 breaths Seethakari pranayama - 5 breaths, Suryanamaskar – 6 rounds Bhujangasana, supta baddha konasana,dhanurasana, badhakonasana, and Nauvasana all hold for 15 – 30 s and dietary changes low fat food, lesscarbohydrates and high protein and meditation for 10 minutes. Conventional group: Conservative managementincluding exercise including treadmill, steps climbing and cycling. Total session flows for an hour. Both groupswere compared with the pre- and post-test measurementsResults: The study shows a significant effect on Polycystic Ovarian syndrome using yoga interventionConclusion: Yoga intervention can be used effectively on Polycystic ovarian syndrome for long term benefits
Comparing the Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Exercise and Focused Regimen Program to Assess Balance and Quality of Life for Acute Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Sai Nithish Kumar T.M  , Saravan Kumar.J  , Rekha.K
Published: January 2024

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, resulting in significant physicalimpairments, including hemiparesis and loss of motor control. Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in aiding strokepatients’ recovery, and various approaches have been used to improve their functional abilities. Two widelypracticed methods are Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) exercises and focused regimen programs.Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of PNF exercises and focused regimen programs in improving motorfunction, mobility and quality of life in stroke patients.Materials and Methods: The total of 30 subjects with acute stroke were taken from Saicharan physio Center-Arakkonam. The subjects are selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria The intervention was given for 6weeks. The entire process was performed from November 2022 to February 2023.Result: According to the statistical analysis, PNF exercises revealed significant in improving both balance andquality of life measures for acute stroke patients compared to focused regimen program.Conclusion: This study finally concluded that the PNF exercises has a high impact in improving both balance andmay enhance neuroplasticity.
Effectiveness of Lumbar Stabilization Exercise in Improving Lumbar Spine Endurance by Using Sorenson’s Test and EMG Analysis for People with Chronic Low Back Ache
Authors: Akila.B  , Ramana.K  , Kamalakannan M  , Anitha.A
Published: January 2024

Background: Strength endurance in lower back region is the most important factor for chronic low - back pain.There are several treatments for strengthening low back muscle. Strength and endurance that have proven benefitin CLBP patients; however, there are very few studies that focus on lumbar stabilization exercises.Purpose: The intention of this study was to improve the strength and endurance more effectively than usualprograms by performing lumbar stabilization exercises.Materials And Methods: This Quasi-Experimental study had 40 participants with persistent LBP, aged 25 to50, divided into lumbar stability (n=20) and lumbar strengthening (n=20) groups. sEMG measured strengthendurance, NPRS scale measured pain, before and after intervention.Results: Lumbar stabilization exercises (Group A) were significantly more effective than static stretching andstrengthening exercises (Group B) in treating persistent low back pain, with p<0.001 in outcome measures.Conclusion: Lumbar stabilization exercises have been demonstrated to be more effective than conventionaltherapies in patients with CLBP.
Effectiveness of Balance Training and Strengthening Exercise on Pain and Functional Performance among the Athletes with Ankle Sprain
Authors: Nivetha D  , Muthukumaran Jothilingam  , Preethi G
Published: January 2024

Background:. Ankle sprain happens more regularly in the athletic population. It results from the straining of ankleligaments or collagen which produces the partial or full disruption of the ligaments fibers. Ankle injuries mostcommonly occur in the climbing of the wall ,indoor volleyball and events that occur in the grassland. This studywas designed to inspect the effectiveness of balance training and strengthening exercise among the athletes withankle sprain.Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of balance training and strengthening exercise on pain and functionalperformance among the athletes with ankle sprain.Materials and Methods: Total of 50 participants were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria from theortho speciality Neha clinic. The participants were treated for four weeks. The study duration from October 2022 to july 2023.Subjects willing to participate were randomly allocated into two groups: balance training group and strengthening exercisegroup. All the subjects underwent pretest measurement with VAS, FAAM and the same procedure repeated for post-test at theend of 4 weeks.Results: The collected data was statistically analyzed using an unpaired t-test. When comparing the balance training group tothe strengthening exercise group, the balance training group indicates more significant effects (p<0.0001) than the strengtheningexercise in lowering pain and improving the functional performance, as assessed by VAS and FAAM.Conclusion: Balance training was found to be more effective than strengthening exercise in reducing pain andimproving functional performance among athletes with ankle sprain.
Recent Experimental Investigation on the Effectiveness of Complex Training for Intermediate Football Players
Authors: Naveen Raj A  , Kamalakannan M  , Anitha A  , Ramana K
Published: January 2024

Background: The training methods utilized in football play a crucial role in improving player performance.Complex training, which combines strength and conditioning exercises with sport-specific movements, has shownpromise in enhancing athletic performance. However, previous studies investigating the effectiveness of complextraining for football players have been limited by small sample sizes, warranting further investigation.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to rigorously examine the effectiveness of complex training for intermediatefootball players.Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial design was implemented, enlisting a total of 120intermediate-level football players who were randomly assigned to either a complex training group (n=60) and aconventional group (n=60). The complex training group engaged in a 6 week complex training program, while theconventional group adhered to a conventional training. Pre and post-test were conducted to evaluate performancemeasures.Results: The findings demonstrated statistically significant improvements in the complex training group comparedto the conventional group across all performance measures. The complex training group exhibited substantialenhancements in agility (pre: M=8.21, SD=1.05; post: M=9.43, SD=1.08; p<0.001), speed (pre: M=5.76, SD=0.68;post: M=6.12, SD=0.59; p<0.05), power (pre: M=225.68, SD=34.27; post: M=258.94, SD=30.91; p<0.01), and kickingaccuracy (pre: M=73.41%, SD=5.86; post: M=81.52%, SD=6.21; p<0.001), indicating superior performance in theexperimental group.Conclusion: This study provides robust evidence supporting the effectiveness of complex training in enhancingvarious aspects of performance among intermediate football players, enabling them to improve agility, speed,power, and kicking accuracy.