bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Continuous Tension Stringing Process of Conductor with Bending Stiffness Model
Authors: Liu Chen , Qin Jian , He Yongjun , Sun Guolei
Published: January 2022

At present, there is no research on the calculation of tension variation of the conductor with bending stiffness model between the continuous span during tension stringing construction. Aiming at the typical terrain with large elevation difference in UHV project, a vector finite element method for calculating the tension of the conductor with bending stiffness model passes through the pulley in the process of tension stringing is proposed. The process of the wire rope under the action of the tractor pulling the conductor passes through the pulley continuously is realized. The variations of tension of tensioner and tractor, reaction force of pulley and envelope angle of the conductor passes through the pulley are obtained by simulation of tension stringing conditions such as 1 pulls 1, 1 pulls 2, etc, which provides reference for equipment selection for the tension stringing construction of mountain terrain with large elevation difference.
Research on Improvement of Cold Extrusion Technology of Connecting Screw
Authors: Yuan Yuhong , Ren Yu , Wu Quan
Published: January 2022

In order to solve the flange and dent defects in the end face of the cold extrusion of the connecting screw, the Deform3D software is used to simulate the extrusion forming process of the connecting screw, and the velocity vector is used to study the metal flow law of the part in the cold extrusion process. According to the velocity field and deformation law obtained by the simulation, the end face depression defect in the forming process is predicted. An improved production process is proposed, and the simulation results show that the new process scheme effectively eliminates the “sag” defect on the end face of the part. Finally, the extruded parts with qualified dimensional accuracy are obtained through experiments, and the results are basically consistent with the simulation results.
A Predict Method of Water Pump Operating State Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization of Support Vector Machine
Authors: Pan Jian , Li Yujiang , Wu Panfeng
Published: January 2022

In order to improve prediction accuracy of water pump operating state, a chaotic prediction model of the pump vibration data based on improved particle swarm optimization of support vector machine is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a grouping optimization strategy particle swarm algorithm based on cosine function is proposed. Then, the training set is obtained on the time series of vibration data by phase space reconstruction. Secondly, The improved particle algorithm is used to optimize the penalty parameters, insensitive loss coefficient and width parameters of support vector machine. Then, a prediction model of vibration data is established by using support vector machine combined with training set and optimal parameters. Finally, the operating state of the pump is predicted according to pump vibration measurement and evaluation method. Compared with the method of linear decreasing weight strategy, the method proposed in this paper is more accurately.
Development and Application Characteristics of High Gradient Magnetic Separator
Authors: Wang Purong , Xu Guoyin
Published: January 2022

As one of the most effective techniques for fine particle processing, high gradient magnetic separation is mainly used in the separation and enrichment of fine and weak magnetic particles and other important industrial fields. High gradient magnetic separator is a new type of high intensity magnetic separator, which has strong ability to capture fine and weak magnetic particles, developed on the basis of ordinary high intensity magnetic separator. Based on the early periodic- high -gradient magnetic separators, the optimization development direction of high gradient magnetic separators and their application characteristics of various high gradient magnetic separators in these decades were summarized, and the future development directions of high gradient magnetic separator were presented.
Research on the Dynamic Response of Gravity Dam under Blasting Vibration
Authors: Zhuang Jinzhao , Li Chang , Zhang Bingzhe , Ren Yanlong , Lü Mingzhe
Published: January 2022

With the continuous development of blasting technology, it has been widely used in various construction projects. While bringing convenience to construction, it also has a series of negative effects on surrounding buildings (structures), especially the negative effects of blasting vibration on buildings (structures), which has been paid close attention by scholars at home and abroad. For blasting vibration on the dynamic response of the gravity dam to produce, this article adopts the method of numerical simulation, the finite element software ANSYS is applied, the numerical calculation model of concrete gravity dam is established and the dynamic time-history analysis is calculated, in the different blasting conditions, the blasting vibration on the dynamic response of gravity dam is obtained, the calculation and analysis results as basis is supplied for the selection of the blasting vibration monitoring part of the gravity dam.
Research on Lightweight of Docking Structure Based on ANSYS
Authors: Chai Shaolei , Chen Ming , Mao Jigui , Long Guangjun , Wu Nianpeng
Published: January 2022

The docking structure has broad application prospects in the construction of tower assembly. However, the docking structure has a relatively large quality, which has a greater impact on the operations of high-altitude workers. This paper studies the impact force on docking structure during the docking process. The finite element analysis (FEA) model of the docking structure and the tower section is established and the impact force of the docking structure under various wording conditions is calculated. Based on the calculation results of the impact force the lightweight research of the docking structure is carried out and the optimization constraint conditions are proposed. The simulation model is established by ANSYS and the optimization design of guiding tools and vertical limit tools are completed by adjusting the structural parameters. After the optimization design, the docking structure is trial-produced and tested. Through the method of FEA and experiment, a butting device that meets the requirements of strength and rigidity and is lighter in weight is obtained. Compared with the existing docking structure, the weight of the optimized docking structure is reduced by about 39%. The research results can provide a reference for the design of the docking structure.
Current Status and Future Development of Fuel Cell Ships in China
Authors: Zhan Zhipeng
Published: January 2022

The high quality development of fuel cell ship industry is of great significance for China to achieve carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality. The research of fuel cell ships in China is still in its early stage and faces many challenges to achieve industrialization. In this paper, the types and characteristics of fuel cells are introduced, and the fuel cell types suitable for marine applications are identified. Then, the research status of fuel cell ship projects in China and abroad is introduced. By comparing fuel cell ship projects, the gap between domestic and foreign fuel cell ship projects is discussed. Finally, in view of the existing problems of fuel cell ships in China, some suggestions for the development of marine hydrogen fuel cells in China are put forward, and the future development of marine hydrogen fuel cell technology in China is prospected.
A Method for Image Recognition of Insulator Jacket Defects under Small Sample Conditions
Authors: Li Xinhai , Zeng Lingcheng , Lu Yongyin , Lin Yuede , Zeng Xinxiong
Published: January 2022

Accurate identification of insulator jacket defect images requires a large number of samples for model training, and the actual defect image datasets available for model training is seriously insufficient. In order to solve the problems of the model cannot be trained, over-fitting and low accuracy caused by too few training samples, this paper proposes a new method for image recognition of insulator jacket defects under small sample conditions, which combines image enhancement technology and meta-learning technology to train the U-Net image segmentation network, and finally obtain the image recognition model of the insulator jacket defect. In this paper, the defect recognition models using meta-learning method and without meta-learning are compared experimentally, and the results show that the proposed method can achieve accurate recognition with a small-scale original data set.
FEA and Quasi-static Test on Energy Absorption Characteristic of Space Orthogonal Concave Honeycomb Structure with Negative Poisson’s Ratio
Authors: Sun Nan , Wang Shuai , Zhou Kaifa , Ma Wenyi , Xu Bohao
Published: January 2022

As a representative of metamaterials, negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) material possesses special mechanical properties such as expansion, negative compression ratio and so forth. As a result, it is widely used in the fields of vehicles, aerospace, et al. In this paper, a novel space orthogonal concave honeycomb structure (OC) is designed based on traditional concave honeycomb structure (CHS). In order to explore the influence rule of OC structure on the deformation and energy absorption capacity of crash box under low-speed collision, mechanical analysis and parameter research on OC structure are conducted through quasi-static compression test and numerical simulation. The results suggest that the finite element results of OC structure fit well with the experimental results, and the FEM is highly credible. In addition, the novel OC sandwich structure can effectively enhance the deformation capacity and improve the energy absorption performance of the crash box. When the wall thickness ? of OC structure is 1mm and angle ? is 50°, the deformation and energy absorption capacity of the crash box increased by 25.6% and 19.3% respectively.
Size Effect in the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Experiment
Authors: Nie Hailiang , Ma Weifeng , Ren Junjie , Wang Ke , Cao Jun , Dang Wei , Yao Tian , Wang Kang
Published: January 2022

For many structures, their service environment is very strict, and the requirements for the impact resistance of materials are very high. Therefore, the dynamic testing method has important scientific significance and application value for practical engineering. Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) is one of the most common experimental methods for obtaining dynamic mechanical properties of materials. However, there is no uniform standard for the size of the bars and specimens used in the test. Theoretically, the size has little influence on the experimental results, but it has not been proved by experiments. This paper mainly studies the influence of device/specimen sizes of split Hopkinson pressure bar through experiments, it is demonstrated that the sizes of bars and specimen have little effect on experimental results.
Technology Status and Development Trend of Modular Moving System
Authors: Hou Youshan , Yang Yong , Xie Zhongtian
Published: January 2022

With the development of technology, modular independent suspension technology has been widely applied on high-movement off-road platforms in the developed world because of the characteristics of offline assembly and full-body lifting. At the same time, after the breakthrough of key techniques such as the stiffness spiral springs, the high dissipation of the shock absorbers, the lightweight of double-wishbone steering mechanism and the non-maintenance bearing, the ability to carry the off-road mobility and armor protection of the military vehicles have been significantly increased. In this case, the application of the modular independent suspension and its current state around the world was explained, that the development of this technology is of great significance to the off-road maneuvering of our military equipment was also represented in this paper.
Study on the Effect of Blasting Vibration on Rock Bolt and Shotcrete
Authors: Ren Yanlong , Yang Xuanli , Li Chang , Lü Mingzhe , Zhuang Jinzhao
Published: January 2022

The blasting tunneling construction method is often used in the underground engineering projects such as tunnels, coal mines roadway, chambers and so on, rock bolt and shotcrete support is used. Although the blasting construction method has many advantages, but also will be accompanied by adverse effects. Blasting vibration of blasting construction not only to the surrounding environment, building (structure) and other adverse effects, but also on the support of the underground project itself has a negative impact. In order to discuss the impact of blasting vibration on shotcrete and rock bolt support in the process of blasting tunneling of roadway, a certain amount of explosives is detonated in the hole of the working face, the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to establish the numerical calculation model, through time history analysis calculation, the distribution law of the vibration velocity on the shotcrete surface along the section and the variation law of the longitudinal tension and compression stress of the rock bolt are obtained. The results show that the blasting vibration produced by blasting tunneling has a great influence on the shotcrete at the shoulder, but little influence on the axial force of the rock bolt.
Faster R-CNN Algorithm Based Relay Protection Platen State Identification Method
Authors: Li Xinhai , Luo Haixin , Zeng Lingcheng , Meng Chenxu , Yin Yanhe
Published: January 2022

Currently, the check of the relay protection pressure plate’s throw-out status is mainly carried out manually, due to the extremely large number of decompression plates, manual methods can cause detection errors due to fatigue. This paper proposes the processing of relay protection pressure plate photographs by using image processing techniques, the Faster R-CNN image recognition algorithm uses the feature of generating detection frames directly using RPN to identify the platen throwback status of the processed platen images, greatly improving the speed and accuracy of the detection frame generation. The experimental results show that, the method proposed in this paper effectively solves the problem of errors arising from manual verification checks of platen throwbacks, reduced workload for substation staff, the platen recognition rate can be over 98% correct.
Research on Pressure Measuring Device with Magnetic Fluid
Authors: Hao Ruican , Feng Zhixin , Liu Huagang , Wang Shang , Xing Feifei , Yao Jia
Published: January 2022

Magnetic fluid is a novel material which could be applied in many fields including sensors, sealings, bilmedicines, and so on. Its super magnetism and fluidity could be used in the sensor as an inducting core. Magnetic fluid and its characteristics were introduced to adapt to the application in the pressure measuring devices. A pressure measuring device with magnetic fluid was proposed and the structure was analyzed and designed according to the characteristics of magnetic fluid. The working principle of pressure measuring device with magnetic fluid was analyzed, and the structure of pressure measuring device was designed and reformed to avoid the overflow and recovery of excessive of magnetic fluid. One arm of the U tube was designed to be a large cylinder to storage large quantities of magnetic fluid. The higher the required precision is, the larger the diameter of one arm should be designed with respect to the other arm of the tube. The measuring range of designed device could also be adjusted as needed. The measuring efficiency of the device could be improved by the designing and reforming work.
Eighth International Meeting of Technological Innovation
Authors: García Afanador , Calero C A , Vera-Contreras D A , Barba-Escobar A , Alvarez-Diaz J , Soler-Giraldo G , V-Niño E D
Published: January 2022

The eighth International Meeting of Technological Innovation (8th IMTI) is the result of the effort and dedication of researchers, research groups, research and extension division, and academic programs from the engineering faculty of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Ocaña, Colombia, The 8th IMTI was held on October 6-8, 2021, in Ocaña, Colombia, and has been creatively designed with the purpose of allowing the best possible experience of knowledge exchange for all speakers and participants; besides, from the interaction by means of a discussion forum for the academic and scientific community to contribute with the effective knowledge transfer

The 8th IMTI has been highlighted and consolidated as a space where students, teachers, and professionals develop a permanent reflection on research trends and occupations in engineering. This annual meeting allows academic programs in engineering, architecture, urban planning, and related, to find new elements to incorporate into the academy life and thus be updated with the recent advances and last technologies. Therefore, the organizing committee to thank the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander (UFPS), and the Foundation of Researchers in Materials Science and Technology (FORISTOM), for all the support academic and scientific received.

In the same way, are extremely thankful to all authors and participants for providing their valuable contributions for this proceeding as well as the reviewers for their constructive recommendations and criticism aiding to improve the presented articles in this volume of proceedings. Likewise, we hope you enjoy the reading of this volume of the Journal of Physics Conference Series (JPCS), IOP Publishing, and that these manuscripts contribute to the generation and transfer of knowledge, as well as to the strengthening of research in Colombia.

Consequently, the articles of this volume refer to general topics of physical and mathematical applied to sciences, engineering, technology, and innovation that were addressed in the 8th IMTI; for this reason, the editor hopes that those interested in the area of research, technology, and innovation in sciences and engineering can enjoy this reading, of the volume of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS), which reflects a wide variety of current issues, that contributes to the generation and transfer of knowledge, as well as to the strengthening of research in science and engineering in Colombia.

“Education and expression freedom for anyone”.

List of Organizing Committee,National Committees,International Committee,Sponsor,Partners are available in this pdf.
Flow pattern identification of liquid-liquid (oil and water) in vertical pipelines using machine learning techniques
Authors: Ruiz-Diaz C M , Gómez-Camperos J A , Hernández-Cely M M
Published: January 2022

Given the importance of process control in the petrochemical industry, there is a need to determine the behavior of the fluids inside the pipes. In this work a methodology is developed for the identification of flow patterns in vertical pipes with diameters between 0.01 m and 0.10 m, from the implementation of artificial intelligence techniques, for a liquid combination of two phases composed of oil with viscosity in the range of 792 Kg/m3 to 1823 Kg/m3 and water at room temperature. The predictive models generated in the structuring of the methodology were trained with 70% of data based on viscosity parameters, pipe diameter, volume fraction and surface velocities of the working fluids stored in a database. The remaining information, equivalent to 30% of the total, was used to develop the automatic model validation. The flow patterns identified by the intelligent system for oil and water flow, without considering the predominant substance, are churning, dispersed, very fine dispersion, transition flow, intermittent, and annular
Implementation of an automated dryer with solar collector
Authors: Regino-Ubarnes F J , Jaramillo H Y , Moreno-Garcia F E
Published: January 2022

This research work consists of the development of an automated sustainable drying system using forced and preheated air to reduce the production time of handmade bricks, so a dryer witha solar collector wasimplemented to take advantage of the energy from solar radiation. A virtualinstrument was developed, which allows to visualize the variables of temperature and humidityinside the drying chamber, additionally a temperature control was implemented, this control allows the system to maintain a constant temperature during the drying process. Samples were taken from the production of the brick kiln “El Tejar” and dried by this device, thenthe drying times and their physical and mechanical properties were compared, finding that the bricks dried with the proposed prototype retained these properties. As for the compressive strength tests for samples of both processes was around 30.6 Kgf/cm2 and 31.2 Kgf/cm2, the deflection resistance was around 1.2 Kgf/cm2 and 1.3 Kgf/cm2, the initial absorption rate was around 0.3 g/cm2/min and 0.4 g/cm2/min, and finally the percentage of water absorption for both processes were around 12.9% and 13.1%. The difference lies in the drying times, since drying in the artisanal brick kilns takes about 15 daysin the proposed dryer takes 9 days, resulting in a decrease of 40% in this process.
Physical resistance of the flexural joint in mortar Joints and clay blocks prisms
Authors: fanador García N A , Guerrero Gómez G , Nolasco Serna C
Published: January 2022

In buildings, each component contributes to resisting seismic forces and an important part in this activity are the masonry walls composed of: fired clay solid brick of 120 mm width and horizontally perforated clay blocks of 100 mm and 150 mm width. The main focus of this research is to determine the flexural strength of the horizontally perforated clay block-mortar joint, using different types of mortar as established in the “Reglamento Colombiano de Construcion Sismo Resistente” for four suppliers used in the municipality of Ocaña, Colombia. A semi-automatic machine that takes into account the physics in the application of loads was designed to carry out the flexural test in mortar-block joints. The average flexural strength in mortar-block joints was determined for three types of mortar corresponding to 0.219 MPa, 0.232 MPa, and 0.291 MPa respectively, for the municipality of Ocaña, Colombia. This research established a direct relationship between the compressive strength of the mortar and the flexural strength of the 100 mm wide horizontally perforated clay mortar-block joint. A physical comparison was made in terms of the compressive strength of the prism and the flexural strength of the clay mortar-block joint with that obtained by other researchers in India and found quite similar results.
Interpreting the slope of a straight line in kinematics graphs with school students
Authors: Prada Núñez R , Gamboa Suárez A A , Avendaño Castro W R
Published: January 2022

The interdisciplinary nature of knowledge is one of the objectives promoted in Colombia, fostering in students the ability to recognize that the curriculum does not work in isolation; if knowledge is complementary, its joint development leads to better academic performance. This research is oriented towards showing an application of the mathematical concept of the slope of the straight line in physics applications, favoring the understanding of the relationships between variables, as occurs with the graphs of kinematics. A group of eleventh grade students from a private educational institution filled in a questionnaire for data collection, based on three situations proposed to answer three open questions in which a reasonably justified answer was required. A part of the group correctly interpreted the graphs by describing the characteristics of the movement in each time interval, but only a few were able to associate the slope of the line as the velocity or acceleration as a function of the variables mentioned in the graph, although their argumentation was based on the angle of elevation of the line.
Effect of elevated tropospheric ozone on soil carbon and nitrogen: a meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Enzhu , Ren Zhimin , Wang Xiaoke , Zhang Hongxing , Zhang Weiwei
Published: January 2022

Elevated tropospheric ozone concentration ([O3]) may substantially influence the belowground processes of the terrestrial ecosystem. Nevertheless, a comprehensive and quantitative understanding of the responses of soil C and N dynamics to elevated [O3] remains elusive. In this study, the results of 41 peer-reviewed studies were synthesized using meta-analytic techniques, to quantify the impact of O3 on ten variables associated with soil C and N, i.e. total C (TC, including soil organic C), total N (TN), dissolved organic C (DOC), ammonia N (NH4
+), nitrate N (NO3
−), microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), rates of nitrification (NTF) and denitrification (DNF), as well as C/N ratio. The results depicted that all these variables showed significant changes (P < 0.05) with [O3] increased by 27.6 ± 18.7 nl l−1 (mean ± SD), including decreases in TC, DOC, TN, NH4
+, MBC, MBN and NTF, and increases in C/N, NO3
− and DNF. The effect sizes of TN, NTF, and DNF were significantly correlated with O3 fumigation levels and experimental duration (P < 0.05). Soil pH and climate were essential in analyses of O3 impacts on soil C and N. However, the responses of most variables to elevated [O3] were generally independent of the O3 fumigation method, terrestrial ecosystem type, and additional [CO2] exposure. The altered soil C and N dynamics under elevated [O3] may reduce its C sink capacity, and change soil N availability and thus, impact plant growth and enhance soil N losses.
Impacts of 319 wind farms on surface temperature and vegetation in the United States
Authors: Qin Yingzuo , Li Yan , Xu Ru , Hou Chengcheng , Armstrong Alona , Bach Eviatar , Wang Yang , Fu Bojie
Published: January 2022

The development of wind energy is essential for decarbonizing energy production. However, the construction of wind farms changes land surface temperature (LST) and vegetation by modifying land surface properties and disturbing land–atmosphere interactions. In this study, we used moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer satellite data to quantify the impacts on local climate and vegetation of 319 wind farms in the United States. Our results indicated insignificant impacts on LST during the daytime but significant warming of 0.10 °C of annual mean nighttime LST averaged over all wind farms, and 0.36 °C for those 61% wind farms with warming. The nighttime LST impacts exhibited seasonal variations, with stronger warming in winter and autumn, up to 0.18 °C, but weaker effects in summer and spring. We observed a decrease in peak normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for 59% of wind farms due to infrastructure construction, with an average reduction of 0.0067 compared to non-wind farm areas. The impacts of wind farms depended on wind farm size, with winter LST impacts for large and small wind farms ranging from 0.21 °C to 0.14 °C, and peak NDVI impacts ranging from −0.009 to −0.006. The LST impacts declined with the increasing distance from the wind farm, with detectable impacts up to 10 km. In contrast, the vegetation impacts on NDVI were only evident within the wind farm locations. Wind farms built in grassland and cropland showed larger warming effects but weaker vegetation impact than those built on forests. Furthermore, spatial correlation analyses with environmental factors suggest limited geographical controls on the heterogeneous wind farm impacts and highlight the important role of local factors. Our analyses based on a large sample offer new evidence for wind farm impacts with improved representativeness compared to previous studies. This knowledge is important to fully understand the climatic and environmental implications of energy system decarbonization.
Seaweed extract effect on arbuscular mycorrhizae spore in soil engineered by earthworm, and the soil effect on upland rice growth
Authors: Kilowasid L M H , Ariansyah R , Afa L , Sutariati G A K , Namriah  , Rakian T C , Sanjaya M F , Hisein W S A
Published: January 2022

Seaweed extract is known to contain nutrients and growth-regulating substances that affect soil biota, and a source of protection against pests and diseases. Earthworm, which is an example of a soil biota and playing the role of ecosystem engineer, has the ability to produce suitable land biostructures, for the inhabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which has an impact on upland rice growth. Therefore, this study aims to determine, (i) the effect of seaweed extract on the population of earthworms and spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and (ii) the impact of the engineered soil on the growth of local upland rice varieties. Furthermore, the extract of seaweed, such as Kappapychus alvarezii, was divided into five concentration levels, namely 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Each treatment was drenched into the soil from the cogongrass vegetated area, mixed with 20 Pheretima sp., and maintained for 49 days in the greenhouse. The result showed that the total difference in the earthworms’ concentration treatments was not significant. It also showed that the total AMF spores in the engineered soil products of 20% concentration was the highest. Based on treatment with the earthworm engineered soil products, the highest and lowest vegetative growth and yield components of upland rice were observed at the concentrations of 80% and 0%, respectively. In conclusion, the application of seaweed extract to the soil did not significantly reduce the earthworm population. The extract concentration of 20% also increased the total AMF spore in the engineered soil. Moreover, highly treated engineered soil products increased the growth and yield components of upland Kambowa rice on cogongrass soils.
The effect of synbiotic through feed and drinking water on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of Tegal duck
Authors: Mangisah I , Suthama N
Published: January 2022

Synbiotics are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics that have a positive effect on livestock performance. The method of giving synbiotics as a growth supplement needs to be studied to get the best results. This study aimed to investigate the effect of administering synbiotic (a mixture of Lactobacillus casei and porang tuber extracts (LCPE) in water or as feed supplement on performance and nutrient digestibility of Tegal duck. The research used a total number of 240-day old ducks with an average body weight of 47.84 ± 6.32 g. The ducks were weighed and distributed into 24 groups. Two experiments (I and II) were carried out simultaneously in the same cage and time. Each experiment used 120 ducks. Ducks were adapted from the age of 1 to 14 days. Parameter data were measure in ducks aged 15 to 42 days. Trial I included 3 groups of dietary synbiotic (0, 10, 20 ml/kg) through feed, while In trial II, the ducks were fed synbiotics (0; 10; 20 ml/L) through water drinking for four weeks. The observed variables included growth performance and nutrient digestibility. The mixture of Lactobacillus casei and glucomannan from porang tuber extract improved nutrient digestibility and duck performance. The best performance and nutrient digestibility is LCPE 20 ml/L drinking water.
Chemical and sensory properties of analogue rice based on kimpul flour (Xanthosoma sagitifolium)
Authors: Noviasari S , Assyifa P S , Sulaiman I
Published: January 2022

Analog rice is artificial rice shaped like rice grains made from non-rice carbohydrate-rich flour with water, which can overcome food security in Indonesia. Taro kimpul is a local food rich in carbohydrates that cannot be widely used. Therefore, kimpul thread has the potential to be used as raw material in the manufacture of analog rice. This study aimed to determine the chemical characteristics of kimpul taro analog rice with dyes and binders. In addition, it is expected to increase consumer acceptance based on sensory testing. This research method uses an experimental laboratory method by making analog rice with 4 formulations. The analysis was water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, and sensory (hedonic) analysis, including colour, taste, texture, and overall aroma. The results showed that analog rice A was the best formula selected using the Bayes method based on the results of chemical and hedonic tests. Chemical and sensory characteristics of analog rice A with the use of 4% CMC and 32% beet are as follows moisture 2.88%; ash 2.3%; fat 1.1%; 5.7% protein; carbohydrate 87.94% and a preference value with an average range of neutral-good.
Antagonistic screening of Trichoderma spp. isolated from patchouli rhizosphere
Authors: Muzakir  , Hifnalisa  , Jauharlina J. , Sriwati Rina
Published: January 2022

The objective of this research was to determine the antagonistic activity of Trichoderma spp. isolated from patchouli rhizosphere (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). Another objective was to perform antagonistic screening of these fungi to inhibit the growth of the wilted pathogen Fusarium spp. In vitro research was conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Universitas Syiah Kuala, from January to June 2020. The study used a completely randomised design with five treatments and three replications. The antagonistic screening was carried out by using the dual culture method of Trichoderma spp. against Fusarium spp. with the medium of Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). The result showed that five isolates of Trichoderma have different antagonistic percentages in inhibiting the Fusarium. The highest antagonistic activity was found from isolate 2 and the lowest value was shown by isolate 3.
Embryo development of hatching eggs of superior local broiler (ALPU) with Arab native chickens (Kamaras)
Authors: Azim M , Tarman A , Abdullah M A N , Yaman M A
Published: January 2022

Efforts to improve the quality of local chickens, especially free-range chickens, are carried out by improving genetic traits, namely through a strict selection method to produce broilers with the name of Superior Local Broilers (ALPU) and laying purposes with Arab Kampung Chickens (Kamaras). This study was conducted to obtain information on the comparison of ALPU and Kamaras embryo development for genetic improvement as the basis for further research. This study used 105 ALPU hatching eggs and 105 Kamaras hatching eggs, the observations were carried out for 21 days. Eggs were collected for 7 days and then put into the incubator, then observed every day by breaking each 5 ALPU and Kamaras eggs to see 7 parameters of embryo development in the form of: body weight, body length, head circumference, neck length, beak length, wing length and leg length. The results showed that there was no significant developmental difference between ALPU and Kamaras embryos. However, the embryo weight and beak length of Kamaras tended to be larger than those of ALPU, while the head circumference and wing length of ALPU tended to be larger than that of Kamaras. In conclusion, the embryonic development between ALPU and Kamaras showed relatively similar embryo development during the hatching period.
Analysis of the suitability of rice farming land as an opportunity for determining the agricultural planting calendar in Ajibarang District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province
Authors: Zid M , Handawati R , Wulandari N A F
Published: January 2022

Ajibarang District is one of the areas in Banyumas Regency with a high level of productivity, but the decrease in rainfall in 2017-2019 caused Ajibarang District to have difficulty in developing their agriculture so that farmers experienced crop failure. The impact that occurs from crop failure causes the land to not be cultivated and if it is cultivated, farmers plant secondary crops. It is also greatly influenced by climate change that occurs. In fact, Ajibarang Subdistrict is included in the B2 Climate Zone with an average rainfall of 1000 - 2000 mm/year which is a climate zone business. The purpose of this study was to determine the opportunities for the rice planting that is very suitable for rice farming. In addition, the Ajibarang Sub-district is also drained by a large river, namely the Serayu River and the Tajum River which are tributaries of the river. So, it is necessary to adjust the climate to be able to determine a suitable planting calendar for agricultural calendar in Ajibarang District. Method The research used is the Forward Sampling and Backward Sampling analysis methods. So, the results of this study resulted in a rice and secondary cropping calendar with three planting seasons in one year and two dry seasons in one year.
Analysis of farmers’ perceptions of the rice farming AUTP program in Landak Regency
Authors: Ellyta Ellyta , Ekawati  , Rizieq R , Anggreni M A
Published: January 2022

Farmers in Landak Regency more frequently face uncertainty and risk of rice farming failure. Therefore, a program that can protect the farmers from the risk is required. Rice farming business insurance (AUTP) is an alternative to overcome the risk of loss due to crop failures. The limited information and knowledge of farmers regarding the AUTP have led to different perceptions among farmers and have affected the farmers’ enthusiasm to become the insurance participants. This research aimed to analyse the farmers’ perceptions of the AUTP program and its implementation mechanisms in Sengah Temila Subdistrict, Landak Regency. A descriptive method with Likert scale was used to analyse the farmers’ perceptions. The research results show that the farmers’ perceptions are at high category with the total score of 3048, indicating that they agree with the AUTP; the highest indicator (195) was that the program objective is protecting the farmers from crop failures, and the lowest indicator (153) was that the program gets success when the farmers agree to pay the insurance premium fully. In general, the implementation of the AUTP in Landak Regency was in accordance with the 2018 AUTP Premium Assistance Guidelines.
Surface morphology properties of biochar feedstock for soil amendment
Authors: Zaitun Z , Halim A , Sa’dah Y , Cahyadi R
Published: January 2022

A soil amendment is any material added to a soil to improve soil physical properties, support plant growth, improve soil fertility, organic matter, and water holding capacity, improve soil chemical and biological properties. Biochar is an organic amendment that improve soil fertility, mitigates climate change, and effectively keeps nutrients and available to plants. The chemical and physical properties of the biochar are important to know the suitable applications of biochar. The chemical and physical properties of the biochar are depending on the process and biomass feedstock. The research aimed to find out the kind of biomass feedstock for biochar as a soil amendment. The biochar feedstock was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and can predicting possible uses for the biochars. The result showed that the biochar surface morphology properties were influenced by the feedstock types and pyrolysis temperature. The pores development and mineral contents in coconut shell biochar are the most suitable for soil amendment.
Improving the sustainability of cocoa smallholders farming in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar E , Amanah S , Hubeis AVS , Sadono D , Ginting LN , Mujiburrahmad
Published: January 2022

Cocoa is the main plantation commodity in Aceh as Aceh government reinforces Aceh as the national cocoa resource. Various efforts have been performed through many development and training programs for sustainable cocoa production. This study was aimed to identify the sustainability of cocoa smallholder farming based on the ecological, economical, and social aspects. This study was conducted in Aceh Tenggara and Pidie Jaya District. The study method used descriptive-quantitative method by calculating the score range of sustainability level. The result showed that cocoa smallholders challenged sustainability problems based on ecological, economical, and social aspects. The sustainability of cocoa smallholder farming in Aceh Tenggara District achieves a better performance based on the economical, ecological, and social sustainability aspects than in Pidie Jaya District.
Analysis of factors influencing Thai rice trade based on Gravity model
Authors: Yusiana E , Hakim D B , Syaukat Y , Novianti T
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyse what factors influencing Thai rice export including importers’ GDP, exporters of GDP, distance of the countries, international rice prices, production and exchange rates by using the gravity model approach. The results show that the factors that influence rice exports in Thailand include the GDP of the importing country, the GDP of the exporting country, distance, international rice prices, production and the real exchange rate. Factors that have positive coefficients are importers’ GDP and real exchange rates, while those with negative coefficients are exporters’ GDP, rice prices, production and distance. Positive coefficients include importer’s GDP and Real Exchange Rate. The GDP of the importing country has a positive coefficient of 0.73 and the real exchange rate or RER (Real Exchange Rate) has a positive coefficient of 0.73. In addition, the negative coefficient values include exporters’ GDP, rice prices, production and distance. The exporting country’s GDP has a negative coefficient of 0.98, prices have a negative coefficient of 1.37 and production has a negative coefficient of 0.23 and distance has a negative coefficient of 0.3.
The effects of heavy metal exposure in agriculture soil on chlorophyll content of agriculture crops: A meta-analysis approach
Authors: Hananingtyas I , Nuryanty C D , Karlinasari L , Alikodra H S , Jayanegara A , Sumantri A
Published: January 2022

Soil can be contaminated by the accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids through emissions from rapidly developing industrial areas. Due to the possibility of chemical change (speciation) and their bioavailability, the presence of toxic metals in the soil can greatly inhibit the biodegradation of organic contaminants. The researchers aimed to analyse the effect of heavy metal levels in agricultural soil on chlorophyll levels in agricultural crops through a meta-analysis method which is expected to provide results in the form of a summary of data that already exists in journals that have been published so far. Here we present a meta-analysis of 6 studies (56 data collected) published between 1997 and 2020 that reported the effects of heavy metal content on plant chlorophyll content. Based on the meta-analysis of the effect of heavy metal exposure in agricultural soil on the chlorophyll content of agricultural crops, the value “effect size overall” was -0.285 in the range of -0.380 to -0.190, where most of the values “effect size” were on the left. Plants growing on soil contaminated with heavy metals result in decreased growth due to changes in physiological and biochemical activities, especially when heavy metals inhibit plant growth and development. Furthermore, environmental risk assessment due to mercury exposure is very important to control the transport and accumulation of mercury in the biosphere to reduce the impact of mercury on the environment.
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) composite mixed with Azadirachta excelsa (Sentang) tree waste flour: Mechanical and physical properties
Authors: Zakaria A M , Jamaludin M A , Zakaria M N , Hassan R , Bahari S A
Published: January 2022

This article presents the application of plantation waste materials (leaves, branches and trunks) of Azadirachta excelsa (Sentang) tree in order to evaluate and compare their suitability as reinforcement and filler for high density polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastics. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different types of Azadirachta excelsa (Sentang) trunks flour, branches flour and leaves flour fillers on the mechanical and physical properties of HDPE composite. The composite samples were produced using 25%, 35% and 45% by weight of flour filler loading and 2% coupling agent (maleic anhydride) using a twin-screw extruder, followed by injection molding process. The flexural modulus and tensile strength of the composite filled with trunk flour were not significantly different with the composite-filled branch flour. However, there is a significant difference between composite-filled leaf flour when compared to both composite-filled trunk flour and composite-filled branch flours. Overall, composite samples with trunk flour show better mechanical properties, while composite samples with lower filler loadings of 25% exhibit better dimensional stability compared to the other such as 35% and 45% filler loadings. The study also indicated that composite filled with leaf, branch and trunk flours had better mechanical strength than virgin HDPE.
The effect of Co-60 gamma rays irradiation on chemical properties of biofertilizer carrier material
Authors: Bachtiar T , Anas I , Sutandi A , Ishak
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to test the method of sterilization using autoclave and Co-60 gamma rays irradiation on chemical properties changes of biofertilizer carriers (Jasinga Latosols, Pasar Jumat Latosols, compost, Rawa Pening peat, Kalimantan peat). This research was conducted in July 2016 to April 2017 at Center for the Application of Isotopes and Radiation National Nuclear Energy Agency (PAIR BATAN) laboratory and Ilmu Tanah Sumber Daya Lahan Insitut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) laboratory. The design used in this study is completely randomized design, with seven treatment and five replications. The treatments provided include the control (without sterilization), sterilization using autoclave, and sterilization using gamma ray of Co-60 with doses of 10 kilo Gray (kGy), 20 kGy, 30 kGy, 40 kGy and 50 kGy. The parameters observed in this research was available Mn2+, available Fe2+, available Zn2+, and effectiveness of sterilization method. This research also showed chemical character changes in materials as shown by Fouier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) spectra. The results showed that the methods sterilization was gave significant effect on pH changes, the levels of available P, the levels of available nitrates, available Mn2+, available Fe2+, and available Zn2+. Autoclave has led to a higher metal increase compared to Co-60 gamma irradiation. A dose of 30 kGy is an effective dose to sterilize the carriers material.
Effect of the edible coating containing cinnamon oil nanoemulsion on storage life and quality of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) fruits
Authors: Aisyah Y , Murlida E , Maulizar T A
Published: January 2022

Tomato is one of the fruit vegetables that had perishable properties so that it needs good postharvest handling to increase their shelf life. One of among other technologies, surface coating of tomatoes with edible ingredients added with natural antimicrobials is potential to be applied. Currently, nanotechnology represents an important area and an efficient option for extending the shelf life of foods. The research aimed to investigate the effect of edible coating, containing cinnamon oil nanoemulsion, to extend the storage life and quality of tomato fruits. Treatments given were (a) dipping time in the edible coating formula (1 and 3 minutes), and the storage period of tomatoes, namely 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days at room temperature (27°C). As a control treatment, the inspection was also applied on non-coated tomatoes. The results showed that coating treatment was significantly able to delay changes in the quality attributes of tomatoes and longer shelf life compared to fruit that was not coated with an edible coating. Tomato edible coating has better in maintaining physicochemical characteristics (weight loss of 1.83%, TSS 0.34 Brix, vitamin C 59.8 mg/100g and total plate count of 7.88 × 106 CFU/g) than control throughout the storage period. The study concludes that cinnamon oil nanoemulsion coating could be a good alternative to preserve the quality and extend the storage life of tomatoes.