bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scale Ambiguities in Material Recognition
Authors: Cheeseman Jacob Raleigh , Fleming Roland , Schmidt Filipp
Published: August 2021

Many natural materials have complex, multi-scale structures. Consequently, the inferred identity of a surface can vary with the assumed spatial scale of the scene: a plowed field seen from afar can resemble corduroy seen up close. We investigated this ‘material-scale ambiguity’ using 87 photographs of diverse materials (e.g., water, sand, stone, metal, wood). Across two experiments, separate groups of participants (N = 72 adults) provided judgements of the material category depicted in each image, either with or without manipulations of apparent distance (by verbal instructions, or adding objects of familiar size). Our results demonstrate that these manipulations can cause identical images to be assigned to completely different material categories, depending on the assumed scale. Under challenging conditions, therefore, the categorization of materials is susceptible to simple manipulations of apparent distance, revealing a striking example of top-down effects in the interpretation of image features.
إدراك الخطر الصحي وعلاقته بالشعور بالمسؤولية لدى الطلاب الوافدين بجامعة إفريقيا العالمية في ظل جائحة كورونا
Authors: Unshur Ahmed Mohamed Hussein , Aldouma Nasreldein Ahmed Idriss
Published: August 2021

This study aimed at revealing the relationship between health risk perception and sense of responsibility among international students at International University of Africa in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, and determining the level of health risk perception and differences according to variables of gender, age, specialization, and continent. The study followed descriptive correlational method, and a sample of (n = 149) students were selected through purposive sampling. Two scales were designed and used to measure health risk perception and sense of responsibility. The study reached the following results: The level of health risk perception among the international students was high. There was a weak positive correlation between health risk perception and sense of responsibility among the international students. There was statistically significant difference with a medium effect size in level of health risk perception among the international students according to the gender variable. There was statistically significant difference with a small effect size in level of health risk perception according to the specialization variable. There were no statistically significant differences in level of health risk perception according to the variables of age and continent. The study concluded with a number of recommendations and some suggestion for future research.
IDENTIFIKASI LAHAN TERCEMAR LOGAM BERAT PADA TANAH SAWAH
Authors: AGUSTINE LEONY
Published: August 2021

Permasalahan utama pada budidaya padi di lahan sawah adalah terjadinya pencemaran tanah akibat adanya kawasan industri yang semakin berkembang. Pengelolaan sawah secara intensif diperlukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, salah satunya melalui pemahaman ketersediaan hara. Salah satu unsur hara yang diperlukan tanaman diantaranya adalah unsur hara N, sehingga perlu pengkajian kandungan unsur hara N agar dicapai pemupukan yang efektif dan efisien, sehingga mampu memberikan produksi yang optimal dan menguntungkan bagi petani. Ada beberapa pemabahasan dalam buku ini, yaitu: 1) mengevaluasi sebaran pencemaran logam berat dari pembuangan limbah pabrik tekstil terhadap areal persawahan padi di Kecamatan Rancaekek, 2) mengkaji kandungan logam berat, unsur hara N, C-organik dan pH tanah yang terdapat pada tanah areal persawahan padi di Kecamatan Rancaekek, 3) mengidentifikasi percemaran kandungan logam berat terhadap kandungan unsur hara N, C-organik dan pH tanah.
The Association between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Al-Badawy Dr. Reda M.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori are associated with severe gastrointestinal pathologies. Moreover, it is associated with other conditions such as atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and some autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study is to search the relation between Helicobacter pylori infection and Insulin Resistance. Methods: Ninety patients complaining of dyspepsia was selected from Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Department, Benha University Hospital. The patients were divided into two groups with matching age, sex and the basic laboratory investigations results. Group (A) patients were Helicobacter pylori-positive. Group (B) patients were Helicobacter pylori negative based on endoscopic findings and confirmed by histopathological diagnosis and exclusion of other causes of dyspepsia. Insulin resistance was compared between the two groups. Results: In the present study, there was statistically significant association between Helicobacter pylori positive patients (51/90; 56.7%) and insulin resistance (IR) compared to Helicobacter pylori negative patients (39/90; 43.3%) (P value <0.001). The mean value of IR was 3.6 ± 0.58, 2.2 ± 0.36 respectively for Helicobacter pylori positive and Helicobacter pylori negative patients. There was no statistical significant difference between Helicobacter pylori positive and Helicobacter Pylori negative patients as regard to other investigations (P value >0.05). Conclusion: Insulin resistance has a role in the chronicity of H. pylori infection and the reduction of IR will lead to a better response of therapy in these patients.
Radiation-Induced Meningioma Following Radiotherapy for Pituitary Adenonoma: A Case Report
Authors: Muhammed Nordin Dr Ellyda
Published: August 2021

It is well known that ionizing radiation has an onco-genetic activity and has been implicated in the causation of brain tumors. However, when a new growth appears adjacent to the site of previous tumor, the diagnosis is more toward recurrence. In addition to that, the possible cause might be overlooked, when it occurs many years after radiation treatment. We report a case of radiation-induced meningioma developed 20 years after the patient received radiotherapy for pituitary adenoma.
Education and Identity: Crisis Localizing in Postmodernism Culture
Authors: Sevastov Kirill Valerevich
Published: August 2021

The chapter analyzes the crisis of education as a phenomenon of postmodern culture (the crisis of education is considered as an aspect of the general postmodern crisis). The localization of the crisis is shown as an integral part of the integrity of the crisis status of postmodern culture. A method of phenomenological application is developed, on the basis of which the direction of the exit of education from the crisis status is outlined.
Aporofobia: (in)visibilidade e (in)aceitabilidade? Uma abordagem necessária a partir da compreensão e dos meios profícuos capazes de atenuarem os efeitos dentro da sociedade multifacetada
Authors: Vesoloski Simone Paula
Published: August 2021

A palavra aporofobia surge para intitular o desprezo ao pobre. É relevante compreender como a aporofobia se contextualiza na sociedade. O objetivo desse estudo analisou o que é aporofobia. Buscou-se verificar quais os meios capazes de erradicar a pobreza, investigando os desafios. A metodologia utilizada compreende o raciocínio indutivo, analítico-descritivo, com técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. O pobre tende a ser excluído e desprezado essa aversão afronta sua dignidade. Acredita-se que a partir do reconhecimento da aporofobia, efetividade nas ações mitigadoras e, por meio da educação, será possível gerar uma mudança satisfatória, tornando o mundo mais humanizado e solidário com o outro
Drainage and watering systems on even lands with the use of frontal and frontal-circular sprinklers
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Kozhanov A. L. , Voyevodin O. V. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
Published: August 2021

Purpose: research and development of design solutions for drainage and watering systems using linear and frontal-circular movement sprinkling machines for the effective use of system water resources when draining and moistening reclaimed lands in non-sloping (low-slope) areas and with a slight slope. Materials and methods. During the research, the well-known design solutions of drainage and watering, irrigation and water circulation systems of various scientists were analyzed. In the course of analysis of constructive solutions and methods of movement, analytical, comparative and logical methods were used. When developing (improving) design solutions, the design method was used. Results. During the research, it was found that in the humid zone, due to the decrease in irrigation norms, there is a possibility of increasing the seasonal load of sprinklers. Based on the results of studies of the principles of moving sprinkler machines and currently used design solutions in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the land use coefficient, three design solutions have been proposed for reclaimed lands with different slopes. It is proposed to use frontal and frontal-circular sprinklers in drainage and watering systems. Humidification in these solutions is carried out by accumulated drainage runoff with the possibility of discharging its excess water into a water intake-water source, as well as, additional withdrawal from it in case of necessity. Conclusions. As a result of the research, the constructive solutions for drainage and watering systems have been proposed using frontal-circular and frontal sprinklers on non-slope (low-slope) reclaimed lands, as well as those with a slope, which make it possible to reduce the number of sprinklers due to reduced irrigation norms and the location of the combined drainage-watering and watering networks.
КОНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТАХИКИНИНОВОГО ДЕКАПЕПТИДА СИАЛОКИНИНА I
Authors:   Бакинский государственный университет, Агаева Г.А.
Published: August 2021

Методами молекулярной механики и молекулярной динамики исследованы особенности пространственной организации молекулы тахикининового декапептида сиалокинина I. На основе фрагментарного анализа определены стабильные пространственные структуры сиалокинина I, которые могут быть представлены в виде набора конформаций, характеризующихся относительно лабильным N-концевым трипептидом и конформационно жестким С-концевым гептапептидом. Показано, что молекула сиалокинина I предпочтительно формирует практически изоэнергетичные конформации с различными структурными типами на N-конце пептидной цепи, переходящими в виток альфа-спирали на С-конце. Методом молекулярной динамики была смоделирована картина внутримолекулярной подвижности стабильных конформаций молекулы сиалокинина I как в вакууме, так и в окружении молекул воды.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ КИСЛОТНО-ЩЕЛОЧНОГО СОСТАВА ИНКУБАЦИОННОЙ СРЕДЫ ДЛЯ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОЙ И ОБРАТИМОЙ КРИОКОНСЕРВАЦИИ СРЕЗОВ МОЗГА НЕГИБЕРНИРУЮЩИХ ЖИВОТНЫХ
Authors:   Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН, Мокрушин А.А.
Published: August 2021

Обнаружено, что после длительного криосохранения срезов мозга при -10оС активность N-метил-D-аспартат-зависимых механизмов (амплитуда N-метил-D-аспартат-потенциалов) блокировалась. Для восстановления активности N-метил-D-аспартат-зависимых механизмов после криосохранения/отогревания исследовали изменения внеклеточного (рНо) инкубационного раствора. Обнаружено, что при интервалах рНо 7.2-7.4 происходило ступенчатое закисление инкубационной среды до рНо 6.5 ± 0.2. При этом значении рНо амплитуда N-метил-D-аспартат-потенциалов снижалась до 33%. Изменение инкубационной среды (гибридная буферная система, включающая карбонатный, фосфатный и трис-буфер) до рНо 7.7 способствовало восстановлению амплитуды N-метил-D-аспартат-потенциалов до 84% по сравнению с исходными значениями (до криоконсервации). Таким образом, использование буферной системы с трис(гидроксиметил)аминометаном, а также увеличение рНо до 7.7 были наиболее оптимальными условиями для восстановления активности N-метил-D-аспартат-зависимых механизмов при отогревании после длительного криосохранения.
КОСТНАЯ СИСТЕМА - ЕЩЕ ОДНО ДЕПО ИЗОТОПОВ ЙОДА
Authors:   Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии - МВА имени К.И. Скрябина, Лысенко Н.П. , Рогожина Л.В. ,   Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии - МВА имени К.И. Скрябина, Ромодин Л.А. ,   Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии - МВА имени К.И. Скрябина, Ковалев И.И. ,   Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии - МВА имени К.И. Скрябина
Published: August 2021

Гамма-спектрометрическим методом показано, что при поступлении в организм крыс радиоактивного изотопа 125I он активно накапливается не только в щитовидной железе, но и в костях. Уровень активности 125I в костной ткани оказался вполне сравнимым с таковой по 90Sr, для которого костная ткань является критической. Несмотря на то что удельная радиоактивность 125I в костях существенно ниже, чем в щитовидной железе, гораздо большая масса костного аппарата обуславливает высокий уровень облучения красного костного мозга. При авариях на объектах атомной промышленности вместе с 125I в атмосферу попадает и 131I, который является не только γ-излучателем, но и жестким β-излучателем, ведущим дозообразующим радионуклидом в первый послеаварийный период. В связи с этим результаты, полученные по 125I, вполне сопоставимы с 131I в силу идентичности характера их распределения в организме животных и человека.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ АЛГОРИТМОВ ОЦЕНКИ ДВИЖЕНИЯ ЦЕНТРА МАСС ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ СТАБИЛОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ
Authors:   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Кручинин П.А. , Подоприхин М.А. ,   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Бекеров И.Д. ,   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова
Published: August 2021

Сравниваются подходы к определению горизонтальных координат центра масс, применимые для стабилоанализаторов, измерениями которых являются только вертикальные составляющие усилий. Первый из этих подходов использует информацию не только о начальном положении и скорости центра масс, но и о его финальном состоянии. Второй связан с использованием предположения об отсутствии неустойчивых составляющих в движении и использует методы частотной фильтрации. Известные алгоритмы модифицированы для решения задачи в условиях совершения человеком достаточно интенсивных движений. Рассмотренные модифицированные алгоритмы сравнивались для записей движений обследуемых, выполнявших на стабилоанализаторе пробу со ступенчатым отклонением. Одновременно система видеокамер использовалась для определения координат маркера, закрепленного приближенно на высоте центра масс. Продемонстрирована работоспособность всех модифицированных алгоритмов. Отмечено, что погрешность метода оценивания, использующего двойную фильтрацию в прямом и обратном времени, оказалась меньше, чем у других процедур.
ЕСТЕСТВЕННО-НАУЧНЫЙ И ТЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОДЫ К ПОНИМАНИЮ ТОГО, КАК «УСТРОЕНА» СУЩЕСТВУЮЩАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ
Authors:   Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Намиот В.А.
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается вопрос о том, можно ли, не выходя за рамки естественнонаучного подхода, объяснить все происходящее в нашей реальности, или же подобное объяснение может потребовать еще и рассмотрения неких «высших сил», не вписывающихся в материалистическую концепцию. На примере таких явлений, как макроэволюция (образование новых видов) и мышление, показано, что, оставаясь в рамках классического (традиционного) естественнонаучного подхода, объяснить их не удается. Однако если допустить, что в нашей реальности могут существовать и проявляться некие квантовые и релятивистские процессы, изучаемые пока что только теоретически, то в принципе оказывается возможным даже без привлечения «высших сил» объяснить и макроэволюцию, и мышление.
Long Term Effects of Cash Transfer Programs in Colombia
Authors: Attanasio Orazio , Cardona-Sosa Lina , Medina Carlos , Meghir Costas , Posso Christian
Published: August 2021

Conditional Cash transfer (CCT) programs have been shown to have positive effects on a variety of outcomes including education, consumption and health visits, amongst others. We estimate the long-run impacts of the urban version of Familias en Acción, the Colombian CCT program on crime, teenage pregnancy, high school dropout and college enrollment using a Regression Discontinuity design on administrative data. ITT estimates show a reduction on arrest rates of 2.7pp for men and a reduction on teenage pregnancy of 2.3pp for women. High school dropout rates were reduced by 5.8pp and college enrollment was increased by 1.7pp for men.
ASSESSMENT OF MANAGEMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: SN Akshay Kumar , DR Bharathi , GR Nataraj , Reddy Brahmadi Shankar , Siddiq Abubaker
Published: August 2021

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) affects millions of people worldwide, and it is estimated that the prevalence among general population is 7–8 %. Chronic NP is more frequent in women compared to men and in patients above 50 years of age. Lower back, lower limbs, neck, upper lumbar and cervical painful radiculopathies are probably the most frequent sites of chronic NP.

Objectives: To assess the neuropathic pain & prescription pattern, and management among NP patients.

Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in general orthopaedics department of Basaveshwara Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chitradurga.   

Results: In the present study 111 patients who were diagnosed with neuropathic pain were enrolled for the period AUG-2019 to MAR -2020. Females were found to be slightly more than males. The maximum predominant age group of both genders belongs to 40-59 years. 57.66% lumbar radiculopathy NP patients diagnosed were more than cervical radiculopathy 42.34%.  Out of 236 total prescribed formulations for 111 patients, 17 active pharmaceutical ingredients with an average of 2 formulations per prescription were noticed. Prescription with combination therapy was common with more usage of pregabalin and mecobalamin followed by combinations of Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory and Antipyretic Drugs (NSAIDs) for the management of NP. NP patients preferred the usage of topical oil, balm applicants and hydro therapy along with regular treatment.

Conclusion:  The study concludes pregabalin and mecobalamin combination formulation is the most currently reliable medication in NP management and also defines additional therapy is the need along with the regular management of NP. 

Keywords: Neuropathic pain, Cervical radiculopathy, Lumbar radiculopathy, Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory and Antipyretic Drugs.
Biztonságirányítási rendszerek összehasonlítása az iparbiztonság növelésére
Authors: Lakatos József , Drégelyi-Kiss Ágota
Published: August 2021

A veszélyes tevékenységet folytató vállalkozások életében mindennapi feladat a biztonság magas szinten való tartása, biztonsági teljesítményt növelő intézkedések bevezetése. Ennek elérését irányítási rendszerek működtetésével biztosítják. A katasztrófavédelmi törvény hatálya alá tartozó gazdálkodó szervezeteknek speciális feladatuk egy iparbiztonsági szempontokat is kielégítő biztonságirányítási rendszer kialakítása. Ahhoz, hogy ez minél eredményesebben legyen működtethető, egyéb biztonságirányítási rendszerek jó gyakorlatai is beépíthetők a meglévő rendszerbe. A cikkben három biztonságirányítási rendszer összevetésével világítjuk meg az eredményesen hasznosítható rendszertulajdonságokat, -elemeket.
A körforgásos gazdaság koncepciójának integrálása a magyarországi öntözésfejlesztésbe
Authors: Tóth Tamás
Published: August 2021

Napjainkra nyilvánvalóvá vált, hogy a körforgásos gazdaság kialakítása nélkül nem biztosítható a fenntartható fejlődés. Az öntözésfejlesztés során ezért szintén törekedni kell a körforgásos gazdaság elveinek beépítésére az öntözési stratégiákba. Ennek egyik meghatározó eleme a vizek újrahasznosítása. A szennyvíztisztító telepek által megtisztított vizet a társadalom nem mindenütt kezeli értékként. Egyes vízhiányos területeken azonban jól megvalósítható lenne a tisztított szennyvíz öntözési célú felhasználása. Az öntözésfejlesztésnek jelentős gazdasági szerepe van, ezért a magyar kormány kiemelt célja az öntözött területek nagyságának növelése. Ebben a cikkben a szerző a víz-újrahasznosítás kérdéseit elemezve annak az öntözésfejlesztésbe történő integrálására tesz javaslatokat. Kutatása eredménye és annak gyakorlati alkalmazása elősegítheti a körforgásos gazdaság koncepciójának megvalósítását az öntözésfejlesztés területén.
Az elektronikus levelezés és a kiberbiztonság összefüggései
Authors: Jéri Tamás
Published: August 2021

Az elektronikus levelezés kiemelkedő szerepet játszik napjaink internetes informatikai szolgáltatásai között, hisz a legrégebbi internetes kommunikációs platform, amelynek népszerűsége töretlen. Egy természetesnek vehető alapszolgáltatás, ugyanakkor melegágya az informatikai rendszerek ellen indított sikeres támadásoknak, hisz a kiberbűnözők továbbító eszközként is használják, amellyel számtalan rosszindulatú tevékenységet lehet kezdeményezni. A cikk az elektronikus levelezés és a kiberbiztonság közötti összefüggést vizsgálja.
Oktatástechnikai módszerek változása az NKE HHK Haditechnikai Tanszékén a gépjárműtechnikai képzésben
Authors: Vég Róbert László , Gyarmati József , Oláh Brigitta , Jusztin Karina Zelma
Published: August 2021

A technika folyamatos fejlődése egyre újabb és újabb kihívás elé állítja az oktatási rendszert, amelynek követnie kell a változásokat és meg kell felelnie a kor kihívásainak. Új technikai eszközök kerülnek rendszerbe, és a digitális technika is nagymértékben elterjedt. Az új, korszerű járművek rendelkeznek vezérlőegységekkel és intelligens járműfelügyeleti rendszerekkel. A javítási tevékenység sem nélkülözheti a korszerű diagnosztikai berendezések és eljárások alkalmazását. Természetesen az oktatásnak ezekre az új, korszerű rendszerekre kell irányulnia, a hagyományos gépjárműtechnikai alapok oktatása mellett. Jelen korunk technikáját már nem lehet a több tíz évvel ezelőtti módszerekkel és technikai berendezésekkel oktatni. A hallgatók igénye is jelentősen megváltozott az oktatás iránt, és kevésbé preferálják a közvetlen tantermi oktatást. Napjainkban már mindenki rendelkezik okostelefonnal, közvetlen számítógép-elérési lehetőséggel és internettel, amit gyakran és sokat használnak, ezért adódik a lehetőség, hogy ezeket a technikai eszközöket előnyben kell részesíteni az oktatás során. A cikk megvizsgálja a különböző oktatástechnikai megoldásokat és módszereket, illetve azok változását. Az oktatás fejlesztése során célszerű figyelembe venni az alapfokú oktatásban alkalmazott módszereket és oktatástechnikát is, és a digitális oktatás módszereit egy folyamat eredményeként meghatározni.
Gyalogosok szűkítésen keresztüli áramlásának vizsgálata
Authors: Herczeg Gergely
Published: August 2021

Az épületekben tartózkodó személyek biztonságát szolgálja a tűzmegelőzés körében elvégzett kiürítési számítás, amellyel megállapítható, hogy az épület tűzeseti kiürítése az elvárt biztonsági szint mellett megvalósítható-e. A tűzvédelemben alkalmazott kiürítési számításhoz a személyek (gyalogosok) által igénybe vett szűkítések (például ajtók) átbocsátóképességének ismerete is szükséges. Magyarországon az elvárt biztonsági szintet jogszabály, a kiürítési számítás során alkalmazandó átbocsátóképességet tűzvédelmi műszaki irányelv tartalmazza. A szerző e cikkben bemutatja és elemzi a témakörrel kapcsolatos hazai és nemzetközi szakirodalmat. A szerző méréseket végzett a kutatás során, amelyek eredményéről e cikkben számol be. A kutatás célja az volt, hogy megállapítsa a gyalogosok szűkítésen keresztüli áramlásának átlagos mértékét, ezáltal az átbocsátást és a kiürítési számítás során alkalmazható átbocsátóképességre javaslatot tegyen. E kutatás lehetőséget ad a kiürítési számítás során alkalmazott átbocsátóképesség értékének módosítására vonatkozó javaslattételre, ezáltal az elvárt biztonsági szint teljesülése mellett a tűzvédelmi műszaki irányelv napjainkban jelen lévő viszonyokhoz való közelítésére.
Evaluating Cytotoxic Potential of the Fruit and the Leaf Extracts of Sambucus ebulus (L.) on MCF7 and AGs Cell Lines
Authors:   Departments of Basic Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran., Rasouli Asl Farzaneh , Barzegar Ali ,   Departments of Basic Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran., Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad Ali ,   Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Published: August 2021

Background: Breast and stomach cancers are the most common malignancies in Iranian females and males, respectively. Enriching with phytochemicals that have antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, extracts from dwarf elder (Sambucus ebulus L.) holds promises to be used for alternative medication. Materials and Methods: We investigated the cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of the leaf and the fruit ethyl-acetate (EA), as well as the methanolic (MeOH) extracts of dwarf elder upon treatment of the MCF-7 and AGS cells. Twenty-seven concentration series ranging from 10 to 2000 μg/mL were administered to the cells, and their growth inhibitory potential was assessed using MTT assay. The potential anticancer compounds of the extracts were quantified applying an improved highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: All extracts showed positive dose-dependent cytotoxic activities on both cell lines. The EA extracts demonstrated more cytotoxicity compared to those of the MeOH ones (P<0.0001). The leaf EA extract showed IC50 values of 65 and 50 μg/mL, while those of the fruit were estimated as 58 and 50 μg/mL on the MCF-7 and AGS cells, respectively. The AGS cell line showed more susceptibility to all extracts tested compared to the MCF-7. MeOH extracts caused only a maximum of ~20% reduction in cell viability at 2000 μg/mL concentration. According to the HPLC analysis, leaf extracts contained phenolic compounds, including p- coumaric acid (0.10 mg per g powder), rutin (0.07 mg per g powder), and quercetin (0.02 mg per g powder). Conclusion: EA extract of the fruit shows the highest cytotoxicity: reducing 35.3% viability of the AGS cells with 10 μg/mL concentration. It can be considered a potential chemopreventive agent for cancer therapies. However, MeOH extracts with far low cytotoxicity or non-cytotoxic at some concentrations would be an appropriate candidate for preventing tumor growth without affecting neighboring normal cells.
Effect of Rhamnolipids on Pathogenicity Characteristics of Microorganisms in Organic Compost
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran., Ghazaei Ciamak
Published: August 2021

Background: Rhamnolipids are hydrophilic glycolipids, often classified as biosurfactants. They are produced by different bacterial species. Rhamnolipids are extensively studied in biological research because of their interesting features like antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. Materials and Methods: To study the antimicrobial effect of rhamnolipid, we conducted a crosssectional study on the eight different pathogenic bacterial strains from November 2019 to June 2020. These bacterial strains were isolated from the organic compost. Both disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of rhamnolipids on these pathogenic bacteria. Also, protease and amylase enzyme activities were evaluated in these eight bacterial isolates. Results: For Bacillus stearothermophilus, within the area of 31.5 mm, no growth was observed, hence proving the inhibitory effect of rhamnolipid. After calculating the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum lethal concentrations (MLC) for each bacterial strain, it has been found that the studied bacteria were more susceptible to rhamnolipids than most of the antibiotics. Strains were also quantified for their enzymatic activity of proteases and amylases. The bacterial strains of Bacillus stearothermophilus, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bordetella petrii showed maximum protease activity. Whereas Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed high amylase activity. Conclusion: Rhamnolipids can be used as a potential antimicrobial agent for treatment of infections.
Psicologia e polícia militar: um estudo sobre a mente policial no estado do Acre
Authors: Pinto Édila Mazília de Aguiar , Lima Neurilan Marcos de
Published: August 2021

A atividade policial é permeada por situações de perigo, o que acaba definindo como um trabalho extremamente estressante, o que pode influir nos aspectos psicológicos e emocionais dos agentes de segurança. Nessa perspectiva, este estudo teve como finalidade explorar a percepção dos Policiais Militares na Cidade de Rio Branco e Interior do Estado do Acre, sendo atingido quatro Batalhões, e alcançando 212 Policiais Militares. O objetivo foi investigar as principais inquietações que afligem na mente desses profissionais e suas possíveis consequências em sua vida e no trabalho. O estudo caracterizou-se como quali-quantitativo, através da aplicação de questionário individual em uma escala de 20 questões, abordando assuntos relativos ao objetivo proposto. Os resultados gerais demonstraram que a maioria dos Militares (52,35%) consideram que “sempre” a realização de horas extras é prejudicial para a saúde mental; 49,05%, apontaram que “ás vezes” se sentiam emocionalmente cansados após um dia de trabalho; 63,20%, indicaram que “sempre” consideram o acompanhamento psicológico importante para a profissão; 52,35%, “às vezes” ou “sempre” consideram o trabalho estressante e 33,96%, “nunca” se sentem valorizados enquanto Policiais Militares. Verifica-se que é necessárias intervenções que visem a promoção da saúde mental dos profissionais, a fim de efetivar a minimização de inquietações e sofrimentos produzidos principalmente pela atividade policial.
STRES OKSIDATIF PADA PEKERJA YANG TERPAJAN BENZENA MELALUI PENGUKURAN PLASMA MALONDIALDEHID (MDA) (STUDI KASUS PADA PEKERJA BENGKEL SANDAL/SEPATU DI DESA SUKAJAYA, KECAMATAN TAMANSARI, KABUPATEN BOGOR TAHUN 2018)
Authors: Fatimah Ratih , Warno Utomo Suyud
Published: August 2021

Perakitan sepatu menggunakan perekat atau lem yang mengandung senyawa organik volatil (diantaranya benzena, toluen, dan xylen. Benzena dan metabolitnya terbukti dalam peningkatan stres oksidatif yang terlihat dari peningkatan malondialdehid (MDA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi konsentrasi benzena di udara tempat kerja dan hubungan antara benzena di dalam tubuh melalui pengukuran biomarker S-Phenylmercapturic Acid (S-PMA) terhadap stres oksidatif melalui pengukuran kadar plasma MDA pekerja bengkel sandal/sepatu. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi cross-sectional pada sepuluh bengkel sandal/sepatu. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 64 pekerja diambil dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata konsentrasi benzena di udara empat kerja masih dibawah NAB yang ditentukan oleh Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja No. 13 Tahun 2011 yaitu 0,002066 ppm dan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi S-PMA dalam urin terhadap kadar MDA plasma darah akan tetapi pekerja yang memiliki konsentrasi S-PMA lebih tinggi berisiko 1,31 kali lebih besar memiliki kadar MDA yang lebih tinggi.
PENGETAHUAN, TINDAKAN DAN PERSEPSI PEMANGKU KEBIJAKAN TENTANG RENCANA PANGAN HASIL INOVASI TEKNOLOGI TERKINI: GULA DENGAN FORTIFIKASI VITAMIN A
Authors: Anggie Nauli Humaira , Suhandono Septian , A. Kodyat Benny
Published: August 2021

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk menghimpun berbagai sudut pandang dari empat sektor utama pembangunan pemangku kebijakan yakni pemerintah, akademisi, dunia swasta dan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Perumusan hasil diskusi menunjukkan bahwa berbagai pihak bersepakat bahwa 1) Masalah gizi bersifat multi kompleks yang solusinya memerlukan pendekatan multi disiplin, sehingga pencegahannya memerlukan pendekatan multidisiplin, 2) Strategi suplementasi kapsul vitamin A bersifat jangka pendek dan relative mahal. Karena itu perlu strategi jangka menengah program perbaikan gizi yang efektif dan relevan untuk dilaksanakan di Indonesia, salah satu yang utama adalah program fortifikasi pangan, 3) Berdasarkan pengalaman dibeberapa negara dan berbagai kajian, fortifikasi pangan seperti minyak dan gula dengan vitamin A merupakan solusi yang paling cost effective untuk menanggulangi masalah kekurangan vitamin  dibandingkan beberapa alternatif solusi seperti suplementasi dan edukasi gizi, 4) Fortifikasi gula dengan vitamin A secara sukarela sangat penting dan strategis mengingat a) konsumsi vitamin A bersumber pangan masih rendah yakni hanya memenuhi 2/3 dari Angka Kecukupan Gizi, dan b. Gula rafinasi, satu komoditas gula yang banyak digunakan dalam industri makanan dan dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sebagai pemanis yang terkait dengan sosial budaya dan kultur.
PENERAPAN TANGGAP DARURAT PADA PENGUNJUNG SALAH SATU MALL DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: . Novrikasari , Lestari Mona , Andarini Desheila , Camelia Anita , Fujianti Poppy , Arista Putri Dini , Faliria Nandini Rizka
Published: August 2021

Bencana merupakan serangkaian kejadian yang mengancam kehidupan dan dapat mengakibatkan kerugian baik secara materil maupun moril. Bencana disebabkan oleh adanya faktor bahaya, pemicu, dan kondisi lingkungan yang rentan. Pengelolaan tanggap darurat terhadap suatu bencana sangat dibutuhkan guna menekan angka kerugian yang dapat ditimbulkan. Mall merupakan salah satu tempat yang rentan terjadi bencana seperti kebakaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran kesiapsiagaan pengunjung salah satu mall di Kota Palembang mengenai pemahaman bencana dan upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak kerugian. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pengambilan data dilakukan dalam satu waktu secara bersamaan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pengunjung mall dengan sampel sebanyak 47 pengunjung yang diperoleh melalui teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 63,8% pengunjung mall tidak memiliki pengalaman tanggap darurat dan sebanyak 51,1% pengunjung memiliki pengetahuan yang tergolong rendah mengenai tanggap darurat. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar pengunjung salah satu mall di Kota Palembang tidak memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup mengenai upaya tanggap darurat yang dapat dilakukan selama berada di dalam mall sehingga diperlukan sosialisasi dan pelatihan yang melibatkan seluruh pengunjung mall untuk ikut serta agar dapat terlatih dalam menghadapi bencana yang seringkali datangnya tidak terduga.
HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DENGAN TINGKAT KEBUGARAN JASMANI PEGAWAI KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Pemi Aprianto Dhito , Nurwahyuni Atik
Published: August 2021

Kebugaran jasmani merupakan kemampuan tubuh untuk melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari secara efektif, efisien dalam jangka waktu relatif lama, dipengaruhi faktor umur, genetik, ras, jenis kelamin, merokok, status kesehatan, aktivitas fisik, dan status gizi. Pegawai pemerintahan termasuk kelompok dengan proporsi tertinggi kegemukan 20% dan obesitas 33,7%. Program pengukuran kebugaran jasmani merupakan salah satu kebijakan kesehatan. Instansi pemerintah diharapkan melaksanakan pengukuran kebugaran jasmani minimal 1 kali/tahun termasuk di Kementerian Kesehatan sebagai inisiatornya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif cross sectional. Menggunakan data sekunder dari aplikasi SIPGAR periode April – Mei 2021 kemudian dilakukan penelusuran untuk mengontrol faktor lain yang dapat menjadi pengganggu. Tujuan penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui hubungan IMT dengan tingkat kebugaran jasmani pegawai Kementerian Kesehatan. Hasil menunjukan sebagian besar responden berada pada kelompok bugar 54,2% dengan proporsi kategori bugar  terbanyak (73%) pada umur 40-49 tahun; responden dengan status IMT gemuk mencapai 46,7%, atau lebih rendah dibandingkan IMT pada kelompok pegawai pemerintahan berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas. Setelah dilakukan pengontrolan terhadap faktor ras, status merokok, status kesehatan, aktivitas fisik, umur dan jenis kelamin; hasil uji Chi Square diperoleh nilai p=0.159, sehingga tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara status IMT dengan kebugaran jasmani pada pegawai Kementerian Kesehatan tahun 2021.
Politics of Identity and Power Distribution in Practice, Pedagogy, and Curriculum: Personal Reflections of Teacher Supervisors in Morocco
Authors: KHARTITE BRAHIM , ELHADARI ELHABIB , BABNI ABDERRAHMANE
Published: August 2021

An educational system that aspires to be effective would constantly strive to bring about positive change into the society and the students it is meant to serve. Attending school would amount to a waste of time unless the experience manages to make a difference in the students’ lives regarding how they view themselves and the others around them.After all, education is not about stuffing students with knowledge; it is mostly about inspiring and empowering young learnerswith the knowledge that being different-with regards to gender, skin colour or social class - does not necessarily amount to being inferior. The aim of this reflective report is threefold. First, it tries to identify the relationship between knowledge and power.It will also elaborate on the concept of identity as a socio-cultural construct with deep implications for classroom practices,before closing with an investigation into how students and teachers' complex and diverse identities interact and shape the knowledge and power constructed in classroom practices, pedagogy, and curriculum. As implications, the paper concludes with the idea that there are yet  a number of teacing and learning aspects  to be explored  before the classroom becomes a space where various identities are equally valued and recognized instead of a space where a sense of unequal distributon of power (and steriotypes unfairly associated with some identities) is maintained and perpetuated .
The Challenge of Vaccine Nationalism
Authors: Hamilton Keltie , Shah Devanshi , Fitzsimmons Danica
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating impact on global health for almost two years, resulting in nearly 200 million cases and over 4 million deaths worldwide. Despite a range of non-invasive public health measures, (i.e. physical distancing, and masks) vaccines have been one of the more critical and effective interventions to slow the pandemic. Produced at record-breaking speeds, the highly efficacious mRNA vaccines represented hope for many. Including global health organizations who have called for strategies to maximize vaccine equity since their conception. While many high-income countries (HICs) agreed to prioritize global vaccine equity; in truth, individual health outweighed community health. The reality of HICs vaccine purchasing behaviors and distribution have exposed a different agenda - one that aligns with a neoliberal emphasis on individuals and profits at the expense of global good. This commentary questions the efficacy of global health agreements and the commitment from wealthy countries to address global health inequities through a one health framework. Ultimately, concluding that the path to global vaccine equity will require a commitment to global good. Vaccine nationalism and lack of equitable global health policy continues to fuel a never-ending health crisis. HICs must be held accountable for the lack of commitment to global health equity.
“Sem trabalho eu não sou nada, não tenho identidade”: um estudo qualitativo em uma organização pública brasileira
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasil, Junior Francisco , Marques-Quinteiro Pedro ,   Instituto William James, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Portugal, Faiad Cristiane ,   Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasil, Figueira Tânia ,   Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brasil, Lima Antonio ,   Câmara Legislativa do Distrito Federal, Brasil, Freitas Liziane ,   Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasil
Published: August 2021

A saúde mental no trabalho é um tema de grande relevância e impacto no cotidiano das organizações. Lideranças têm, cada vez mais, que lidar com demandas cada vez mais constantes no ambiente laboral. A implementação de ações de prevenção a transtornos psicológicos e comportamentais, bem como de provimento de suporte emocional, vem sendo cada vez mais requerida. Considerando que o trabalho é essencial para a formação da identidade humana, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar, a partir do relato verbal de quinze lideranças de uma Organização pública brasileira, vivências relacionadas à saúde mental no trabalho. Mais especificamente, apresenta-se, aqui, a importância atribuída ao trabalho à vida profissional destas lideranças. Por meio da psicodinâmica do trabalho, descrevem-se sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho, discutindo seus impactos à psique humana. Quinze entrevistas em profundidade foram realizadas com lideranças formais da Organização em estudo. Estas lideranças são estratégicas à Organização. Realizou-se análise de conteúdo categorial considerando entrevistas transcritas. Como resultados, identificou-se forte vinculação afetiva das lideranças com a Organização em estudo. A gestão da qualidade de vida no trabalho foi apontada como essencial na Organização. O ato de trabalhar implica sentir-se útil e valorizado. A pesquisa fornece aos profissionais da administração pública uma compreensão abrangente de questões relacionadas ao fator humano no trabalho. Este artigo demonstra que a administração pública brasileira precisa estar atenta ao desenvolvimento de boas práticas de gestão de pessoas. Várias questões relevantes são apresentadas e discutidas na busca pela conformidade nas práticas de desenvolvimento de pessoas.
Developing Language Assessment Literacy of EFL Pre-service Teachers through Classroom Assessment Course
Authors: ÖLMEZER ÖZTÜRK Elçin
Published: August 2021

The study reports on how Classroom Assessment Course changed the perspectives of EFL pre-service teachers related with language assessment and contributed to their language assessment literacy development. The participants included 48 junior students in an English language teacher education program of a state university in Turkey. All the participants enrolled in a course named Classroom Assessment and the data were collected through reflection reports and a focus group interview within the scope of this course that was conducted in a 14-week period. The coding phase of the data analysis was carried out through in-vivo coding and the codes were combined under more general themes to be presented. The findings revealed that the participants’ perspectives in language assessment significantly changed at the end of Classroom Assessment Course. While their initial thoughts included some negative connotations regarding assessment itself, its purpose and the role of teachers in language assessment, they turned to be just the opposite towards the end of the semester. Moreover, the participants also expressed that they started to feel themselves more competent in language assessment as prospective teachers and got more enthusiastic to study on this topic in the future. Demonstrating the contribution of Classroom Assessment Course to language assessment literacy development of pre-service teachers, the study offers some policy and research suggestions to improve assessment literacy of EFL teachers in similar contexts.
Research into ecological status and the degree of heavy metal concentration in the waters of the Drenica river (Kosovo)
Authors: Sadiku M , Kadriu S , Kelmendi M , Ibishi D
Published: August 2021

Purpose. To reflect the impact of discharge waters from the ferronickel smelter and surface lignite mining on the pollution of the Drenica River with heavy metals. According to our estimation, the effect of mining on the river pollution is undeniable. Methodology. The standard methods ISO 5667-6, ISO 5667-11, and ISO 5667-1.3 were used to determine the physical and chemical parameters of the Drenica River surface water. The EPA-3015A method was applied for sample preparation, while the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) measurement technique was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals. Standard ISO methods were applied for determining the following parameters: pH, DO, BOD5, COD, NNH4, NO3-, TN, PO4P, and TP. Findings. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the levels of heavy metals in the river Drenica have exceeded the allowed values as a result of industrial activities. Originality. The paper supplies new additional information on the ecological status of the Drenica River, based on samples taken along the river, especially where the greatest impact of the ferronickel smelter and surface lignite mining could be. The problematic of this research is quite contemporary; river pollution affects the life chain. Practical value. We believe that the content and problems in the focus of the research are topical and present significant interest to all those who deal with environmental issues.
Garantías laborales en la legislación ecuatoriana aplicables a las trabajadoras sexuales regularizadas
Authors: Medina-Salinas Nino
Published: August 2021

La prostitución, La actividad sexual en el mundo es considerada unas de las antiguas profesiones de la humanidad, una actividad que es mal vista por la sociedad y que ha llevado a que las mujeres que trabajan en esta profesión, se les resulte difícil lograr el efectivo goce de sus derechos, siendo consideradas como objeto de regulación en beneficio de los clientes y no en pro de sus derechos.El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los fundamentos teóricos - jurídicos que amparan a las trabajadoras sexuales en el Ecuador y corroborar si estos postulados realmente se cumplen, para lo cual hemos utilizado un enfoque analítico, realizando un análisis constructivo jurídico, con una modalidad bibliográfica-documental, ya que para su redacción se utilizó libros físicos y virtuales, leyes, constitución, código de trabajo, fuentes legales como artículos de revistas e internet; se indagó en repositorios institucionales, se revisó sistemáticamente las fuentes de literatura jurídica en la web, y en revistas científicas, para poder analizar cualitativamente los aspectos sobre las garantías laborales de la legislación Ecuatoriana aplicables a las trabajadoras sexuales regularizadas, tomando en consideración los derechos que se estiman fundamentales para su normal desarrollo de vida social, laboral e individual.Finalmente, como resultado de este trabajo de investigación, hemos obtenido que la legislación ecuatoriana ha realizado políticas de salud y regulación de centros de tolerancia, pero ninguna de las políticas implementadas genera una promoción de sus derechos, peor aún fomentan su reconocimiento, han sido implementadas en exclusivo uso de la salud y seguridad de los clientes y no de las trabajadoras sexuales.
Estudio descriptivo y correlacional sobre las estrategias educativas familiares de estudiantes con diferente nivel socio económico-cultural
Authors: Moscoso-Álvarez Xavier , Merizalde-Medranda Johnn , Prieto-López Yeimer
Published: August 2021

La siguiente investigación fue basada en un estudio de Verónica Gubbins y Sebastián Ibarra (2016), desarrollado en Chile, utilizando su metodología y cuestionario, con las debidas adaptaciones al contexto ecuatoriano. La metodología fue descriptiva y correlacional sobre las estrategias educativas familiares de los padres de familia o apoderados de niños de tercer año de educación básica de los apoderados o padres de familia en la ciudad de Guayaquil. El objetivo principal consistió en la elaboración de estrategias educativas familiares direccionadas a los estudiantes de Educación Básica Elemental, también se aportaron los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan los estudios descriptivos. El análisis estadístico fue realizado en el sistema informático SPSS. Entre los principales resultados se halló que independientemente del nivel socioeconómico, las familias presentan diversas estrategias educativas familiares, las cuales en el nivel socioeconómico alto se encuentran con mayor frecuencia.