bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A beam element with arbitrary active cross-sections for multibody simulation of large deflection flexure mechanisms
Authors: Seinhorst Bram , Nijenhuis Marijn , Hakvoort Wouter
Published: January 2025

Damping parasitic vibrations in flexure mechanisms can be achieved by integrating piezoelectric material in the flexures. Efficient models of such active flexures can aid in the design and optimisation of such mechanisms to meet ever increasing performance targets. In this paper we present a novel beam element that is able to accurately and efficiently capture the large deflection behaviour of active flexures. The element combines a cross-sectional analysis based on the variational asymptotic method with the generalised strain beam formulation used in the multibody software SPACAR. The cross-section analysis converts an arbitrary active section geometry to an asymptotically accurate equivalent beam model. This model is then used in the formulation of the geometrically nonlinear beam element. The element is validated against existing approaches and a challenging case study is presented, which shows that the element can be used to simulate complex active flexure mechanisms undergoing large deflection. The element is able to achieve results with a fraction of the computational effort required by a 3D finite element package, with only a minor decrease in accuracy.
Dissecting Triple Emission from a Fluorescent Protein
Authors: De Arijit , Bhutani Garima , Gupta Archit , Pal Sasthi , Parambil Priyakumari , Guptasarma Purnananda
Published: January 2025

The present study delves into the intricate photo-physics of the red fluorescent protein mBeRFP, exhibiting extraordinarily large Stokes shift of ~180 nm. It is observed that at room-temperature mBeRFP has two emission bands in green and red, while at cryogenic-temperature an additional blue-emission is reported. A multifaceted approach, integrating steady-state spectroscopy, electronic structure calculations and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, were employed to elucidate the remarkable spectral properties of this protein
Proteoform Search from Protein Database with Top-Down Mass Spectra: Algorithms and Evaluation
Authors: Wang Lusheng , Li Kunyi , Li Ming , Shan Baozhen , Xin Lei
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we propose a new search algorithm for proteoform identification that computes the largest size error correction alignments between a protein mass graph (PMG) and a spectrum mass graph (SMG). We also design a filtering algorithm. The combined method uses the filtering algorithm to get some candidates and then apply the search algorithm to report the final results. Our exact searching method is 3.9 to 9.0 times faster than the popular methods such as TopMG and TopPIC. Our combined method can further speed up the running time of our method sTopMG by 6.2 times without affecting the search accuracy. Lots of search methods have been developed in the past decade. The search results reported by various methods are known to be significantly different. In literature, there is no top-down mass spectra dataset with known corresponding protein sequences. There is no tool for generating simulated top-down mass spectra with input protein sequences, either. Though there are many published papers to compare and evaluate various search methods, they all use some kind of indirect measures since there is no real or simulated dataset of top-down spectra with known corresponding true protein sequences. Thus, in some sense, the accuracy of existing search methods is somewhat uncertain. Here we develop a pipeline for generating simulated top-down spectra based on input protein sequences with modifications. To our knowledge, this is the first tool to generate simulated top-down mass spectra in a reasonable way indicated by an interesting measure, match gap distribution. Experiments on simulated datasets show that our combined method has of 95% accuracy, while the best existing methods have accuracy far below this. To further evaluation the performance of the existing methods, we generate a set of 55 real top-down spectra from 3 domains of a known antibody. The real dataset shows that our new method has 94.2% accuracy using deconvolution method FLASHDeconv, which is consistent with the accuracy of the simulated data.
Electronic Hong Ou Mandel interferences to unveil the 2/3 fractional
quantum Hall edge channel dynamics
Authors: Glattli Denis , De Avirup , Boudet Charles , Kapfer Maelle , Farrer Ian , Ritchie David , Roulleau Preden
Published: January 2025

Electronic Hong Ou Mandel (HOM) current noise interferometry has revealed the anyonic statistics of fractionally charged anyons (e/3 or e/5) in Fractional Quantum Hall (FQH) phases at filling factors ν=1/3 and ν=2/5. However, hole-conjugated phases with filling factors ½ < ν < 1 host both charge and neutral edge modes, making them sensitive to disorder and challenging for interferometry. Current understanding of these modes largely stems from DC transport measurements, offering limited insight into their dynamics. Going beyond this limited information, we introduce time-domain electronic HOM and Photon-Assisted-Shot-Noise (PASN) measurements at ν=2/3, elucidating the dynamics of the ν=2/3 edge modes. PASN reveals damping in downstream charge modes, consistent with the inability of upstream neutral modes to propagate beyond the micrometer-scale disorder-induced charge equilibration length. Using PASN’s fractional Josephson relation, we confirm the e/3 tunneling charge of the ν=2/3 state. Time-resolved HOM interference demonstrates broadening of picosecond charge pulses, consistent with damped charge modes and non-propagating neutral modes. These findings suggest a need to revisit the role of neutral modes in hole-conjugate FQH phases and indicate limited potential for robust HOM interferometry beyond micrometer scales. Our approach may extend to investigate a variety of complex FQH states, including non-abelian anyons, hosting neutral modes
The Impact of Public Health and Social Determinants on Maternal Factors for Academic Nurturance and the Cognitive Development of Preschool Children: A Cross-sectional Research Study
Authors: Sharma Prakash , Syrou Niki , Guma Ali , Budhathoki Chitra Bahadur , Devkota Bhimsen , Thapa Pramila , Adamopoulos Ioannis
Published: January 2025

Background: The importance of the impact of public health and social determinants on maternal factors for academic nurturing and the cognitive development of preschool children for family-based and institutional nutrition interventions reveals a concerning prevalence of suboptimal behaviours across all countries. Early intervention strategies to cultivate healthy habits, particularly in preschool and childcare settings, highlight the importance of addressing socioeconomic barriers that prevent families from adopting health-promoting behaviours.
Methods: Creating engaging learning experiences, providing emotional warmth, and fostering social interactions are essential for nurturing children's cognitive development. This study explored the factors influencing cognitive development in 389 preschool children (aged 3-5) in Rupandehi District, Nepal. A cross-sectional survey design employing multistage random sampling was used to collect socioeconomic and demographic data, alongside caregivers' academic nurturance practices, through validated instruments and interviews. Data analysis was conducted via IBM SPSS version 26, with significance set at p<0.05.
Results: Forty-eight percent of thefamilies were economically disadvantaged, and only 15.5% of the caregivers exhibited high levels of academic nurturance. While academic nurturance itself did not have a direct effect on cognitive development, the unadjusted analysis revealedpositive associations between cognitive development and wealth status, maternal education, family structure, caste/ethnicity and the age of children. Multivariate analysis confirmed that family type, caste/ethnicity and the age of the childwere key factors in predicting cognitive development. The economic status predictor of cognitive development (β = -0.254, p = 0.000), negative association with lower economic status, and poorer cognitive development academic nurturance were added as predictors (β = -0.003, p = 0.954), accounting for 8.0% of the variance in cognitive development (R² = 8.0%), with an F-statistic of 4.667 (p = 0.000).
Conclusion: Addressing these socioeconomic determinants could lead to significant improvements in children's cognitive outcomes. Finally, the study emphasizes the complex link between maternal characteristics, social determinants, and treatments in determining preschool children's caring and cognitive development. The findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions that address these interconnected elements, emphasizing the importance of fostering social determinants and public health principles in increasing maternal involvement, and reducing socioeconomic barriers to optimal child development.
Exploring Visitor Sentiment Trends at Alanya Cleopatra Beach Using Natural Language Processing Techniques: Insights from Online Reviews
Authors: Tunca Sezai
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to analyze online reviews of Cleopatra Beach, utilizing Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to uncover key visitor satisfaction drivers and areas requiring management improvement.
Design/methodology/approach
A dataset of 5,238 reviews from TripAdvisor (2008–2024) was analyzed using NLP techniques such as sentiment analysis and topic modeling. Linear regression was applied to predict sentiment trends for 2025–2030, providing insights into future satisfaction levels.
Findings
Positive themes, such as natural beauty, relaxation, and amenities, dominated the reviews, while cleanliness, safety, and overcrowding emerged as significant negative themes. Sentiment trends highlighted an overall dominance of positive feedback, though negative sentiment saw a notable increase post-2020, potentially linked to pandemic-related challenges. Future predictions suggest areas for strategic improvements in cleanliness, safety, and crowd management to enhance visitor satisfaction.
Originality/value
By integrating NLP methods, this research showcases the potential of online feedback for destination management. The findings contribute to sustainable tourism strategies and exemplify the role of sentiment analysis in enhancing visitor satisfaction and operational efficiency.
Ndwom: A Multimodal Music Information Retrieval Dataset for Akan Musical Videos
Authors: Moore Stephen Edward , Asare Nana Akwasi , Kubiti Samuel Kwadwo
Published: January 2025

Multimodal music information retrieval (MIR) has gained much significance and there exists a plethora of datasets in different formats as well as machine learning and deep learning models built on these datasets for MIR tasks. However, these datasets are mostly found in high-resourced languages making the models biased to these cultures and languages. To bridge this gap, we curate a novel multimodal music information retrieval dataset that brings to bear the Akan culture and language. This Akan MIR music video dataset comprises of the different modalities, textual, visual and audio used for MIR applications such as music sentiment analysis, genre classification, emotion recognition and recommender systems.
The curation of this datasets includes selecting music videos in different genres that reflect the diverse culture and language of the Akans, downloading them to extract the different modalities for MIR tasks. Python scripts were written to extract these relevant modalities. Indigenous Akan speakers well versed in the content and context of these songs and the culture and traditions labeled and translated the videos to make it easier for machine learning tasks. The source code and datasets have been made open access in a GitHub repository https://github.com/CAIRGH/Multimodal-Twi-Music.
Model-based cost-effectiveness of the IMPROVE score versus care as usual for risk-based selection of symptomatic patients for carotid revascularization
Authors: Nies Kelly , Ramaekers Bram , Auer Dorothee , Schindler Andreas , Saam Tobias , Bos Daniel , de Jong Pim , Nederkoorn Paul , de Borst Gert J. , Oostenbrugge Robert van , Joore Manuela , Kooi M. Eline , Smits Luc
Published: January 2025

Background. A clinical prediction model (IMPROVE) for ipsilateral ischemic stroke risk in symptomatic patients with carotid artery disease was recently developed and internally validated with good performance. In this decision-analytic study, we evaluated the model-based cost-effectiveness of IMPROVE-based triage versus triage in care-as-usual (CAU) for optimal medical treatment (OMT) alone or carotid revascularization plus OMT.
Methods. A dataset of 678 patients with a recent ipsilateral ischemic stroke, TIA or amaurosis fugax pooled from 4 cohort studies, informed a decision-analytic model. Stratification of patients for carotid revascularization was either based on ≥50% carotid stenosis (CAU arm), or based on a range of 3-year ipsilateral ischemic stroke risk thresholds (IMPROVE arm). The threshold resulting in the lowest number of strokes was selected as the optimal threshold. Patients with <50% stenosis (CAU arm) or an IMPROVE risk score below the threshold were modeled to receive OMT only. Parameter uncertainty was incorporated in probabilistic analyses using 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations for a 3-year and lifetime horizon. Subgroup analyses for mild (<50%), moderate (50-69%), and severe (70-99%) carotid stenosis were performed.
Results. IMPROVE-based triage, as compared to triage in CAU, reduced ipsilateral ischemic strokes and perioperative stroke/death by 34.5% (CAU: 4.3% vs. IMPROVE: 2.8%) over 3 years. Perioperative stroke occurred in 1.8% of the patients in CAU versus 1.4% for IMPROVE. Revascularizations decreased by 20% with IMPROVE, while QALYs slightly increased. Societal costs decreased on average by €1,441/patient for IMPROVE versus CAU for a 3-years time horizon (lifetime cost reduction: €6,101/patient). Subgroup analyses identified IMPROVE as the superior strategy for moderate/ severe stenosis (3-year and lifetime horizon) and mild stenosis (lifetime horizon).
Conclusions. Triage of symptomatic patients with carotid artery disease with the IMPROVE model versus CAU can lead to the prevention of one-third of ipsilateral ischemic strokes, while also reducing societal costs.
Dynamics of architectural and urban development of the Southern Baikal region
Authors: Salandaeva O. I. , Puliaevskaia E. V.
Published: January 2025

The present comprehensive study investigates the architectural and urban development of the Southern Baikal region, focusing on the defining conceptual role of the natural framework and historically established transit trade routes. The study is aimed at identifying traditional and innovative opportunities for transforming and optimizing residential areas, as well as at determining their formative trends under unique natural and climatic conditions. The paper is based on the analysis of specific urban planning factors within a multi-component discrete dynamic system of the territory, including the interaction between human activities and natural-climatic conditions throughout the historical development of the Slyudyansky District in Irkutsk Oblast. The study examines the experience of developing foreign coastal territories. The experience of Baikal territories has been studied and differentiated in the following areas: typology of natural-planning framework, typology of transport framework, typological aspects of existing development, trends in business programs, tendencies in the transformation of coastal territories. The factors of territorial-spatial system organization are determined by historically established transit trade routes in the structure of the natural framework of the Baikal region. The relevance of contemporary approaches to land use under current socio-economic conditions and the preservation and reclamation of natural conditions serve as the foundation for enhancing the quality of architecture of prospective developments and improving the structural stability under seismic conditions.
Principles of integrating modern waste processing facilities into the structure of large cities
Authors: Hakova A. G. , Kozlov V. V.
Published: January 2025

The necessity for effective and coherent integration of utilitarian industrial enterprises into the urban environment is driven by the increasing ecological and urban planning requirements of large cities regarding the development of waste disposal technologies. To develop new methods and approaches to integrating solid waste processing facilities into the structure of Tyumen, Russia. An assessment of design practices in both international and Russian contexts highlights the following contemporary methods of integration into the urban environment: functional, communicational, and aesthetic. The study demonstrates the urban planning scales of integration within a large city, spanning the urban framework, the structure of urban districts, and the architectural context of development. An experimental model was developed in the study for the integration of a waste processing facility into the historical city center, taking into account the high demands for ecological sustainability of modern technologies. This model can serve as a prototype for creating a network of industrial enterprises that also incorporate social functions. The design concept of the new facility is complemented by requirements for its integration into the surrounding landscape, utilizing terracing techniques in the configuration of primary functional volumes. As a result, the stages of development and integration of modern waste processing facilities for municipal solid waste have been identified and characterized. The paper introduces principles for their integration into the urban environment, which serve as the foundation for future changes in the architectural appearance of such enterprises within the context of large cities.
Comparative analysis of the structural and functional features of endoglucanases with different temperature optima
Authors: Petukhova O. S. , Pristavka A. A. , Pristavka E. A. , Gavrikov D. E. , Salovarova V. P.
Published: January 2025

Cellulases whose temperature optimum is shifted to extremely high or low values are of particular interest since they allow for greater flexibility in controlling the technological conditions of their industrial use. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that explain enzymatic adaptations to limiting temperatures are not fully established. The study was aimed at using bioinformatics methods to examine how the structure of microbial endoglucanases depends on two factors: the belonging of producers to different taxonomic groups of higher rank (bacteria, fungi, and archaea) and the temperature optimum of their habitat (psychro-, meso-, and thermophiles). Enzymes retrieved from Uniprot and GenBank were analyzed via pairwise and multiple sequence alignment, pairwise structural alignment, and comparison of amino acid profiles. It is shown that the sequences cluster according to the systematics of producers and do not contain patterns associated with adaptations to temperature conditions. However, the amino acid profile of proteins depends also on the temperature conditions of the microbial habitat: the frequencies of some amino acids (E, I, Y, D, and Q) differ significantly in enzymes with different temperature optima. The study also identified a set of enzymes with low sequence identity but high similarity of 3D structures. This set includes enzymes from related taxa but with different temperature optima, as well as endoglucanases from microorganisms that are systematically distant while living under similar temperature conditions. Among other things, the possible mechanisms of the observed differences between the identity scores of different structural levels of protein are discussed.
Integrability of open boundary driven quantum circuits
Authors: Paletta Chiara , Prosen Tomaž
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we address the problem of Yang-Baxter integrability of doubled quantum circuit of qubits (spins 1/2) with open boundary conditions where the two circuit replicas are only coupled at the left or right boundary. We investigate the cases where the bulk is given by elementary six vertex unitary gates of either the free fermionic XX type or interacting XXZ type. By using the Sklyanin’s construction of reflection algebra, we obtain the most general solutions of the boundary Yang-Baxter equation for such a setup. We use this solution to build, from the transfer matrix formalism, integrable circuits with two step discrete time Floquet (aka brickwork) dynamics. We prove that, only if the bulk is a free-model, the boundary matrices are in general non-factorizable, and for particular choice of free parameters yield non-trivial unitary dynamics with boundary interaction between the two chains. Then, we consider the limit of continuous time evolution and we give the interpretation of a restricted set of the boundary terms in the Lindbladian setting. Specifically, for a particular choice of free parameters, the solutions correspond to an open quantum system dynamics with the source terms representing injecting or removing particles from the boundary of the spin chain.
A importância do Golfo da Guiné para o Brasil: a perspectiva da oceanopolítica nacional
Authors: Bizzo Affonso Luiza
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho tem como meta a aplicação dos princípios da oceanopolítica para destacar a relevância do Golfo da Guiné para o Brasil, uma região de importância estratégica no Atlântico Sul. Por meio da abordagem oceanopolítica, enfatizamos a necessidade de maior envolvimento brasileiro na região, com foco em cooperação regional, segurança e defesa. O Golfo da Guiné é identificado nos documentos de defesa brasileiros como prioritário para os interesses nacionais, dada sua relevância econômica, geopolítica e estratégica. A região enfrenta desafios significativos de insegurança marítima, como a pirataria e o tráfico ilícito, que impactam diretamente a estabilidade do Atlântico Sul e, por consequência, os interesses brasileiros. Além disso, a presença de potências extrarregionais no Atlântico Sul sublinha a necessidade de fortalecimento da projeção de poder do Brasil. A participação ativa do Brasil em organizações como a ZOPACAS e o G7++FoGG, bem como em operações militares na região, demonstra seu compromisso com a segurança marítima e a cooperação internacional. No entanto, é necessário maior coordenação entre os diversos projetos de governança regional, o que representa uma oportunidade para o Brasil desempenhar um papel mais estratégico no Golfo da Guiné. O trabalho conclui que o aprofundamento do envolvimento brasileiro na região é essencial para consolidar sua posição no Atlântico Sul e sugere que as políticas públicas de longo prazo devem ser reforçadas para garantir uma atuação eficaz e contínua.
Gestão pública, conselhos comunitários, e participação social no tratamento de problemas ambientais de Mossoró/RN
Authors:   , Calado Neto Eurico Bezerra
Published: January 2025

Em Mossoró o desenvolvimento econômico gerou muitos problemas socioambientais simultaneamente. Nos interessamos em saber como essa situação é enfrentada por segmentos sociais e políticos no município. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi identificar como Poder Público, líderes comunitários, e representação social do meio ambiente se relacionam com a possibilidade de erradicação dos problemas ambientais do município. Os objetivos específicos foram: identificar que tipo de concepção sobre os problemas ambientais existe entre moradores do município, constatar de que maneira são desempenhadas as funções de órgãos ambientais no município, verificar como é a interação entre órgãos ambientais de diferentes esferas de poder no município, identificar se os órgãos pesquisados experimentam alguma dificuldade para conseguir desempenhar suas funções, identificar como os líderes comunitários interagem com o poder público para tratar dos problemas ambientais locais, verificar como os líderes comunitários se articulam com os moradores para tratar dos problemas ambientais, e constatar como líderes comunitários se articulam entre si para tratar dos problemas ambientais locais. A pesquisa tem enfoque descritivo e explicativo, e o método utilizado foi o qualitativo. Os procedimentos de coleta de dados foram entrevistas, questionários, e análise documental. Os participantes foram colaboradores representantes da SEMURB, da Secretaria de Educação Ambiental, da Secretaria de Fiscalização Ambiental (apêndices da SEMURB), e do IDEMA, ambos situados no centro da cidade. Também foram entrevistados líderes do Conselho Comunitário do Alto do São Manoel 01, do Aeroporto 02, e Belo Horizonte, Hipólito 01, São João da Várzea, e Barrinha; e ainda, o dirigente da FIACMM, o representante da CUC, e da FECEB, além de 100 moradores do município. Com estes últimos foram aplicados os questionários. As entrevistas foram feitas com os líderes de Conselho e representantes do IDEMA e SEMURB. A análise documental foi feita em consulta de sites do IDEMA, da prefeitura, da ANOREG, do IBGE, e de documentos obtidos. Ficou demonstrado que o site do IDEMA é rico em informações enquanto o da SEMURB deixa a desejar. A representação social dos problemas ambientais para muitas pessoas no município pode estar atrelada à assimilação mecânica de informações sobre o assunto. A pesquisa revelou ainda que a gestão pública ambiental em Mossoró passar dificuldades por escassez de recursos, mas os profissionais fazem o que podem. Em relação ao movimento comunitário em Mossoró, o resultado da pesquisa demonstrou que ele se encontra enfraquecido por um lado, porque alguns líderes de Conselho se tornaram coniventes com as balizas do Poder Público para enfraquecer o movimento em troca de vantagens pessoais. Em consequência, a população dá pouco apoio ao movimento comunitário por descrença no próprio movimento e na política.
Tecnologias leves na experiência do programa rede de oficinandos na saúde da Ufersa, em Mossoró – RN
Authors:   , Lima Lia Rodrigues Lessa de
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho analisa como uma instituição de saúde mental, o CAPSi na cidade de Mossoró no Rio Grande do Norte acolhe e sustenta o fazer do Programa Rede de Oficinandos na Saúde, uma ação de extensão universitária que vem sendo implementada neste centro desde fevereiro de 2012. Esta ação configura um elo paradigmático da rede que surgiu a partir da Reforma Psiquiátrica e da Luta Antimanicomial. Buscamos compreender o percurso histórico desta ação, a concepção da sua metodologia como produção de tecnologia leve em saúde, alternativa de acolhimento, cuidado e atenção em saúde mental. O quadro teórico que subsidia a análise conta especialmente com os estudos de Amarante, Foucault e Balman no que se referem às instituições, exercícios de poder-saber e à luta antimanicomial. Maturana e Varela subsidiam nossa análise sobre modos de observar o viver e sobre como acontecem as transformações cognitivas na experiência humana. Sobre o Programa Rede de Oficinandos na Saúde, contamos com os estudos de Maraschin que é a pesquisadora brasileira que deu início a esta experiência em Porto Alegre – RS, orientando diferentes pesquisas que interagem com o trabalho do Oficinando em Rede na capital gaúcha. O método que empregamo é intitulado metodologia da primeira pessoa com ênfase na escuta de autonarrativas dos sujeitos participantes, como narrativas presentes em áudios e vídeos produzidos em diferentes momentos da experiência da pesquisa. A escuta sensível é empregada como modo de aceder às recorrências e às diferenças presentes nas formas de acolhimento de um programa cujo propósito é fortalecer as práticas de promoção da saúde mental de crianças, jovens e familiares atendidos na instituição CAPSi. Como resultado final da pesquisa explicamos como uma metodologia que caminha de acordo com as Políticas de Saúde Mental é acolhida na instituição e, deste modo, trazemos subsídios para nossa reflexão sobre as tecnologias leves em saúde mental.
Elemene Injection Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Progress through Regulating Cell Adhesion: A Research Based upon Network Pharmacology and Verification Test
Authors: Zhao Jiangang , Zhang Fenglin , Li Ping
Published: January 2025

Background:

This study investigates the potential effects of elemene injection
on pancreatic cancer using network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Methods:

GEO database were used to acquire genes which are differentially expressed
between pancreatic cancer tissue and normal tissue. The vigorous energetic ingredients
were identified in research and the object genes were obtained from BATMAN-TCM.
The key targets and signaling pathways of elemene injection were identified using compound-
target network analysis, protein-protein interaction network analysis, and Gene
Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis.
in vitro experiments were carried out to confirm the accuracy of the network pharmacology
predictions.

Results:

Two hundred and eleven target genes that may be involved in Elemene's impact
on pancreatic cancer were identified. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to determine
the two active mixtures and one key target. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses
indicated that elemene injection exerts therapeutic effects on pancreatic cancer, regulating
the cell adhesion by ECM-receptor interaction pathway. The experiments verified
that elemene injection suppressed the growth and movement of pancreatic cancer cell
lines Panc02 and MiaPaca-2 and the mechanism is related to regulating ECM-receptor
interaction pathway-related genes. FN1 was identified as core targets by bioinformatics
analysis. The FN1 was downregulated by elemene injection and was validated by QPCR
and Western Blot.

Conclusion:

The findings of the current study emphasized that elemene injection might
control cell attachment, decrease metastasis, and suppresses pancreatic cancer progress.
FN1 might be a therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics to Explore the Mechanism of Danggui Shaoyao Powder for Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Zhang Miao , Liu Rongxin , Zhao Yusen , Chen Zixin , Zhai Honglin , Si Hongzong
Published: January 2025

Background:

Patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) have many triggers and a high mortality
rate. The protective effect of existing therapeutic drugs on the liver is weak. We found that Danggui Shaoyao
Powder can improve the symptoms of HE and may have a better liver protection effect. And the mechanism
of it is unclear.

Objective:

The research explores the mechanism of Danggui Shaoyao Powder for the treatment of HE through
network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics.

Methods:

Targets of Danggui Shaoyao Powder were screened from Traditional Chinese Medicine System
Pharmacology Platform (TCMSP), SwissTargetPrediction, and Uniport. GeneCards was used to gain targets
of HE. Further, core targets and ingredients were screened by protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and
herbs-compounds-targets network. Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) enrichment analysis were completed to screen relative sites and signaling pathways. Molecular docking
and dynamics were used to show the stability of ligand-receptor complexes.

Results:

IL6, SRC and kaempferol, beta-sitosterol were screened as the top two core targets and ingredients.
Dendrites, dendritic trees, and membrane sides were defined as the main sites of action. Core signaling pathways
were screened such as: PI3K-Akt and MAPK. Molecular docking shows well-defined binding sites and
the stability of the binding is demonstrated by molecular dynamics.

Conclusion:

Through this study, Danggui Shaoyao Powder may act on IL6, SRC, and other targets through
ingredients such as kaempferol and beat-sitosterol and regulate signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt, MAPK
and NF-κB to the treatment of HE.
Herbal Mucoadhesive Gels for Canker Sores: Analysis of Physicochemical Properties, Efficacy, and Safety
Authors: Yapar Evren Algın , İnal Ebrar , Kara Bilge Ahsen , Yıldırım Tuana Seray , Nur Yılmaz Fatıma , Özkanca Cemre , Erdal Meryem Sedef , Döşler Sibel , Kartal Murat
Published: January 2025

Aim:

The goal of this research was to formulate mucoadhesive gels using hydroglyceric
extracts of Cistus creticus L. and Inula viscosa (L.) Aiton, either separately or in combination,
utilizes carboxymethyl cellulose and detects their physicochemical characteristics and safety
for oromucosal cells and antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral) efficacy to assess
their performance.

Methods:

Using LC-HRMS, the extracts of C. creticus and I. viscosa were examined. Evaluations
were conducted on the formulations' viscosity, cytotoxicity-cell proliferation controls, texture,
antibacterial activity, pH, and organoleptic properties. The minimal inhibitory concentrations
and microbroth dilution tests were used to assess the effectiveness of the formulations.

Results:

The pH, organoleptic, and physical characteristics of each formulation have been determined
to be appropriate. The research results demonstrated that I. viscosa contributed antiviral
efficacy to the formulations linked to dose-dependent activities against all examined mouth
pathogens, whereas C. creticus provided antibacterial and antifungal efficacy. The formulation
containing C. creticus extract alone was the most cytotoxic, whereas the formulation including I.
viscosa extract alone was the least cytotoxic against gingival fibroblast cells, according to the
findings of tests on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:

The formulation contained a 32% 1:1 mixture of I. viscosa and C. creticus hydroglyceric
extracts was detected as safe with acceptable cytotoxicity along with antibacterial and
antiviral effectiveness, were encouraging for future investigations.
Characterization of Five Natural Anthraquinone Compounds as Potent
Inhibitors against CYP1B1: Implications for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Chen Zujia , Xu Zhixiang , Chen Xiaodong , Guan Xintong , Du Jie , Zhang Jia hui , Wang Chang yuan , Wu Jingjing
Published: January 2025

Background:

Human cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is an extrahepatic enzyme that is overexpressed
in many tumors and is associated with tumor development and acquired resistance. Few studies have
reported that anthraquinone compounds have inhibitory activity against the CYP1B1 enzyme. Cassiae semen
(Leguminosae) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine containing more than 70 compounds. The crude
extracts and pure compounds of Cassiae semen have been widely used in preclinical and clinical practice for
their beneficial effects, such as neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hypotensive
effects. Aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, obtusifolin, aurantio-obtusin, and rhein are important active natural anthraquinones
in Cassiae semen.

Objective:

Aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, obtusifolin, aurantio-obtusin, and rhein have a wide range of pharmacological
activities and have been found to have good anti-tumor and antioxidant effects. However, the underlying
mechanisms of these pharmacological activities remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate
the inhibitory effects of five natural anthraquinones on the activity of CYP1B1 and to analyze the structure-
activity relationship of these compounds.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation (EROD) was used as the fluorescent
substrate of CYP1B1 to investigate the inhibition effect, and molecular docking was performed to further determine
the structural-activity relationship of the compound molecules.

Results:

We found that aloe-emodin and chrysophanol had strong inhibitory effects on CYP1B1 with IC50 values
of 0.28 and 0.34μM, respectively, while obtusifolin and aurantio-obtusin had IC50 values of 0.77μM and
9.11μM, respectively. The structural activity analysis showed that the inhibition strength was related to the position
of the hydroxyl group substitution and the number of methoxy group substitutions. Rhein containing one
carboxyl group showed the weakest inhibition of 23.72μM. The inhibition kinetics showed that all five compounds
belonged to the non-competitive inhibition model. The inhibition kinetics revealed that all five compounds
exhibited the non-competitive inhibition model.

Conclusion:

The present study provided a comprehensive analysis of the inhibitory effects of five natural anthraquinones,
namely aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, obtusifolin, aurantio-obtusin and rhein, on CYP1B1 activity,
and elucidated the structure-activity relationship. Molecular docking simulations further revealed the specific
amino acid residues within the active site of CYP1B1, where these compounds exerted their actions. These
findings offer novel insights into investigating the potential antitumor properties of natural anthraquinones.
Nanoparticles as Delivery Vehicles for Vaccines: The Use of Gold
Nanoparticles
Authors: Kizilbash Nadeem , Suhail Nida , Soliman Mohamed , Elmagzoub Ranya Mohammed , Marsh Madison , Farooq Rimsha
Published: January 2025

Since their inception, therapeutic or prophylactic vaccines have emerged as promising candidates for the prevention or treatment of infections and various diseases, including
cancer and autoimmune disorders. In recent times, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have acquired
active roles in the field of vaccine development due to their intrinsic capacity to adjust and enhance the immune response. Due to their characteristics, GNPs can exert optimal effects as
both delivery vehicles and adjuvants. Despite their significant importance in vaccinology, numerous obstacles need to be overcome before GNPs can be used in the formulations of vaccines in clinical settings. The current review summarizes the latest and successful use of gold
nanoparticles as a viable method for developing a new generation of vaccines.
New Advances in Drug Research for Myopia Control in Adolescents
Authors: Liu Yu , Dang Yalong
Published: January 2025

Background:

Myopia is one of the most common eye diseases worldwide, with an increasing
incidence observed in recent years. Globally, effective treatments for myopia have been
extensively explored. In recent years, research on drugs for the treatment of myopia has become a
popular topic in ophthalmology, with some breakthroughs having been achieved. Compared with
surgical treatment, drug treatment is easier for people to accept. Although the efficacy of some
drugs in delaying the development of myopia has been confirmed, the mechanism and site of action
of some drugs are still not completely clear.

Objective:

In this study, we review the recent related research on drug therapy for myopia at home
and abroad, describe the mechanism of various drugs in treating myopia, evaluate their clinical application
value, and identify existing problems.

Results:

These drugs include atropine, a series of anticholinergic drugs, dopamine agonists, 7-
methylxanthine, and intraocular pressure-lowering drugs.

Conclusion:

Results highlight the efficacy of atropine in myopia treatment with minimal side effects.
Anticholinergic medications, such as atropine, have demonstrated efficacy in managing the
progression of myopia with a reduced incidence of adverse effects. The emphasis is placed on
achieving better long-term effectiveness and minimizing the rebound effect after treatment is
stopped. Furthermore, participating in outdoor activities and reducing eye strain are proven strategies
for preventing myopia.
TCF19 Enhances Glioma Cell Proliferation via Modulating the Β-Catenin Signaling Pathway through Accelerating DHX32 Transcription
Authors: Tan Jing , lian Haiping , Zheng Qi , Yang Tingting , Wang Tuo
Published: January 2025

Background:

Transcription factor 19 (TCF19) is considered a crucial transcription factor and acts as an oncogene in a few cancers. Nevertheless, the effect and mechanism of TCF19 on glioma remain unknown.

Objective:

This research aimed to explore the function of TCF19 on glioma progression and clarify the potential mechanism.

Methods:

TCF19 and DHX32 expressions in glioma were determined using bioinformatics, Quantitative real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry. MTT assay was
carried out to detect the biological function of TCF19 and DHX32 in glioma cell multiplication. Cell-cycle distri-bution and apoptosis were measured by using
FACS. The function of TCF19 on glioma growth was examined using tumor xenografts assay. Bioinformatics analysis, ChIP-qRT-PCR, and reporter gene assay were
employed to illustrate the TCF19 target regulating DHX32 tran-scription.

Results:

TCF19 was observably upregulated in glioma and has important clinical significance. Overexpressing TCF19 expedited glioma cell multiplication and
cell-cycle transition, mean-while preventing apoptosis. TCF19 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, cell-cycle transi-tion, and tumour growth, simultaneously
accelerating apoptosis. TCF19 expressions had a positive correlation with DHX32 expressions in glioma. It was demonstrated that TCF19 acti-vated DHX32
transcriptional activity in glioma by combining it with the promoter of DHX32. DHX32 promoted glioma cell growth and cell-cycle transition while restraining
apoptosis. Overexpressing DHX32 eliminated the function of TCF19 knockdown on cell multiplication, cell-cycle transition, and apoptosis. Moreover,
TCF19 activated the β-catenin pathway by en-hancing DHX32 transcriptional activity.

Conclusion:

TCF19 promotes glioma cell multiplication and cell-cycle transition while sup-pressing apoptosis by modulating the β-catenin signaling pathway
via accelerating DHX32 transcription. These findings provide a promising therapeutic target for glioma.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Coumarin Clubbed Sulfanilamide and
2-Aminobenzothiazole Hybrids for Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Lata Suman , Mehmi Gagandeep , Kaur Hardeep , Sharma Anuradha , Pandit Amit , Abbot Vikrant
Published: January 2025

Background:

The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial infections poses a
significant challenge to global healthcare, necessitating the development of novel antibacterial
agents. Coumarin-based derivatives are well-recognized for their diverse biological activities, and
hybridization with other pharmacophores offers a promising strategy for enhancing therapeutic
efficacy and overcoming resistance.

Objective:

This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate a novel series of coumarin hybrids by integrating
the coumarin scaffold with sulfanilamide (9a-e) and 2-aminobenzothiazole (10a-e), targeting
bacterial pathogens through a dual pharmacophoric approach.

Methods:

The synthesized hybrids were characterized using mass spectrometry, FTIR, and NMR
(1H and 13C) to confirm their structural integrity. Antibacterial activity was assessed in vitro
against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 100, 250, and 500 μg/ml,
with ciprofloxacin as the standard. The molecular binding mechanism was explored using molecular
docking and pharmacophore-based analysis.

Results:

Among the synthesized derivatives, compounds 9e and 10e exhibited the highest antibacterial
activity, with inhibition zones of 22 mm and 21 mm against E. coli and 25 mm and 22 mm
against S. aureus at 500 μg/ml, demonstrating comparable efficacy to ciprofloxacin. Molecular
docking studies revealed strong interactions of these compounds with bacterial enzymes, supporting
the in vitro results and highlighting their potential as protein-inhibitor candidates.

Conclusion:

The novel hybrid derivatives demonstrated significant antibacterial activities, suggesting
their potential as promising therapeutic agents. Their effectiveness against various bacterial
strains indicated that these compounds could serve as a foundation for the development of new
antibacterial drugs. Further research and optimization are needed to enhance their potency and
ensure their safety, paving the way for future clinical applications.

other:

NA
Exploring Pneumonia: Understanding its Epidemiology, Deciphering Pathogenic Complexities, and Developing Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Verma Jaya , Shekhar Saurabh , Monika  , Chauhan Mahima , Yadav Bhavna , Sonali  , Singh Rahul Pratap
Published: January 2025

Pneumonia, a widespread respiratory infection affecting the alveoli and lung parenchyma,
continues to be a major global health concern, particularly in children. Despite advancements
in vaccine development and anti-infective therapies, pneumonia is a leading cause of death, particularly
among children and the elderly. It accounts for approximately 14% of all deaths in children
under five years of age globally, with over 700,000 deaths occurring annually. In adults, especially
those over 65 years of age, pneumonia significantly increases mortality, contributing to over 1
million deaths yearly worldwide. Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is predominantly
caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniae.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading pathogen, particularly in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised
individuals, often resulting in severe clinical presentations. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
causes milder, atypical pneumonia, commonly referred to as “walking pneumonia”, affecting
young adults and adolescents. Chlamydia pneumoniae is also a significant cause of mild to
moderate respiratory infections, particularly in school-aged children. The identification of these
pathogens is critical for guiding empirical antimicrobial therapy, as the clinical severity and response
to treatment vary with each microorganism. This review aimed to explore the intricacies of
pneumonia pathogenesis and provide insights into the role of various microorganisms in its development.
By emphasizing the importance of timely and appropriate antimicrobial therapy, the review
further aims to underscore the need for rapid, accurate diagnostic tests capable of detecting
pathogens and antibiotic resistance. Therefore, improving diagnostic capabilities and targeted
treatments is essential for effective pneumonia management. The complexity of pneumonia pathogenesis
and the variety of causative microorganisms require rapid, accurate diagnostic tests to
guide appropriate therapy.
Physicochemical, Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical, Heavy Metal and
Pesticidal Residue Analysis of Angelica glauca Edgew roots: An Approach
to Establish Quality Standards Using Advanced Analytical Techniques
Authors: Mishra Arun Kumar , Paliwal Sarvesh Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background:

Angelica glauca (AG) (family Apiaceae) is used by tribes as a spice and to
treat various diseases. Before consumption, effective measures must be used for quality control tests.
This study establishes quality standards for A. glauca. The study analyses A. glauca roots for
physico-chemical, pharmacognostic, phytochemical, heavy metals, pesticidal residue, microbial load,
and aflatoxin

Methods:

The standard procedure was used for powder microscopy and physiochemical parameters.
Multiple culture media were used to measure microbial load. Aflatoxins were estimated using HPLC.
Mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, chromium, and nickel were estimated using graphite furnace
atomic absorption spectrometry. To identify 87 pesticide residues in A. glauca roots, LC-MS was
used

Results:

On root powder microscopy, parenchymatous cells packed with yellow material, capillaries
with reticulate thickenings, and simple oval to circular starch grains were found. Foreign matter,
LOD, total ash, and extractive values were all within range. Salmonela, Pseudomnas, and Coliform
(E. coli) were absent. The total viable aerobic bacterial count was 1.14 x 103 cfu/ml, compared to 1.0
x 105 permitted. Aflatoxins were absent in all samples. Heavy metal levels met the FSSR 2011
maximum residue standard for foods not specified. All 87 pesticides in the crude sample were below
detection limits, indicating the safety and quality of the A. glauca root sample.

Conclusion:

The current findings can be utilized in quality control procedures and to assess the
quality of A. glauca samples before incorporating them into formulations. Phytochemical tests,
heavy metal analysis, and pesticide residue contents can be used to assess quality before using A.
glauca raw materials.