bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction and determination of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatories by capillary electrophoresis and sulfonamides by HPLC in human urine
Authors: Villar Navarro M. , Ramos Payán M. , Fernández‐Torres R. , Bello López M. A.
Published: July 2012

In this paper two applications of three‐phase HF‐LPME for the determination of pharmaceuticals in human urine are proposed: a capillary electrophoresis with a photodiode array detection method for the analysis of seven nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and a high‐performance liquid chromatographic with photo diode array and fluorescence detection method for the determination of four sulfonamides and their corresponding N4‐acetyl‐metabolites. Q3/2 Accurel® polypropylene hollow fibers were used for both procedures. Dihexyl ether was used as the supported liquid membrane for the determination of anti‐inflammatories and 1‐octanol for sulfonamides. An aqueous solution (pH 12) was used in both procedures as the acceptor phase and as the donor phase an aqueous solution (pH 2), and a 2 m Na2SO4 aqueous solution (pH 4) was used for the determination of the anti‐inflammatories and sulfonamides. The detection limits obtained were between 0.25 (naproxen) and 0.86 ng/mL (aceclofenac) for the determination of anti‐inflammatories and 7 × 10−4 (sulfamethoxazole) and 0.048 ng/mL (N4‐acetyl‐sulfamethazine) for sulfonamides. The method was successfully applied to the determination of the analytes in human urine. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancement of the enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane bagasse by steam pretreatment impregnated with hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Rabelo Sarita Cândida , Vaz Rossell Carlos Eduardo , de Moraes Rocha George Jackson , Zacchi Guido
Published: July 2012

Sugarcane bagasse was subjected to steam pretreatment impregnated with hydrogen peroxide. Analyses were performed using 23 factorial designs and enzymatic hydrolysis was performed at two different solid concentrations and with washed and unwashed material to evaluate the importance of this step for obtaining high cellulose conversion. Similar cellulose conversion were obtained at different conditions of pretreatment and hydrolysis. When the cellulose was hydrolyzed using the pretreated material in the most severe conditions of the experimental design (210°C, 15 min and 1.0% hydrogen peroxide), and using 2% (w/w) water‐insoluble solids (WIS), and 15 FPU/g WIS, the cellulose conversion was 86.9%. In contrast, at a milder pretreatment condition (190°C, 15 min and 0.2% hydrogen peroxide) and industrially more realistic conditions of hydrolysis (10% WIS and 10 FPU/g WIS), the cellulose conversion reached 82.2%. The step of washing the pretreated material was very important to obtain high concentrations of fermentable sugars. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Rational optimization of culture conditions for the most efficient ethanol production in Scheffersomyces stipitis using design of experiments
Authors: Unrean Pornkamol , Nguyen Nhung H. A.
Published: July 2012

Optimization of culture parameters for achieving the most efficient ethanol fermentation is challenging due to multiple variables involved. Here we presented a rationalized methodology for multi‐variables optimization through the design of experiments DoE approach. Three critical parameters, pH, temperature, and agitation speed, affecting ethanol fermentation in S. stipitis was investigated. A predictive model showed that agitation speed significantly affected ethanol synthesis. Reducing pH and temperature also improved ethanol production. The model identified the optimum culture conditions for the most efficient ethanol production with the yield and productivity of 0.46 g/g and 0.28 g/l h, respectively, which is consistent with experimental observation. The results also indicated the scalability of the model from shake flask to bioreactor. Thus, DoE is a promising tool permitting the rapid establishment of culture conditions for the most efficient ethanol fermentation in S. stipitis. The approach could be useful to reduce process development time in lignocellulosic ethanol industry. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Investigating the use of column inserts to achieve better chromatographic bed support
Authors: Lan Tian , Gerontas Spyridon , Smith Graeme R. , Langdon John , Ward John M. , Titchener‐Hooker Nigel J.
Published: July 2012

Chromatography plays an important role in the downstream processing of proteins. Over the past years, there has been a steady move toward the adoption of more rigid, porous particles to combine ease of manufacture with increased levels of productivity. The latter is still constrained by the onset of compression where the level of wall support becomes incapable of withstanding flow‐induced particle drag. In this study, we investigate how, by the installation of cylindrical column inserts, it is possible to enhance the level of wall support. Experiments were conducted to examine the effect of the position of the insert in the column, and also of the insert dimensions on the critical velocity at which the onset of compression occurs. It was found that when installed at the bottom of the column, inserts can provide up to a 20% increase in critical velocity without significantly affecting column hydrodynamics, as measured by the level of axial dispersion. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Growing Up with Child Sexual Abuse in an Experimental Commune: Making Sense of Narrative Variation
Authors: Gibson Kerry , Morgan Mandy
Published: July 2012

The legitimacy of adult's accounts of child sexual abuse depends on the consistency of the story they tell about this experience. But there are a variety of influences that conspire to create dynamic variation in retrospective accounts of child sexual abuse. In a study of an experimental New Zealand commune called Centrepoint, participants showed considerable variation in accounting for the child sexual abuse that was known to have occurred there. We used a narrative methodology to show the variation between stories that highlighted abuse and suffering and others that represented an idyllic childhood within which sex between children and adults was normalised. There was also considerable variation within individual participant's accounts. The variation within and between accounts was shaped by features such exposure to contradictory experiences, different social positioning in relation to child sexual abuse, shifts in memory and interpretation over time, differences between insider and outsider perspectives on child sexual activity at the commune and alternative perspectives on victimhood. This research challenges the mythology that accounts of child sexual abuse should be expected to be clear and consistent. Instead, variation should be treated the rule rather than the exception in these accounts. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substrate‐Induced Conformational Change and Isomerase Activity of Dienelactone Hydrolase and its Site‐Specific Mutants
Authors: Walker Ian , Hennessy James E. , Ollis David L. , Easton Christopher J.
Published: July 2012

Studies of the interactions of dienelactone hydrolase (DLH) and its mutants with both E and Z dienelactone substrates show that the enzyme exhibits two different conformational responses specific for hydrolysis of each of its substrate isomers. DLH facilitates hydrolysis of the Z dienelactone through an unusual charge‐relay system that is initiated by interaction between the substrate carboxylate and an enzyme arginine residue that activates an otherwise non‐nucleophilic cysteine. The E dienelactone does not display this substrate–arginine binding interaction, but instead induces an alternate conformational response that promotes hydrolysis. Furthermore, the substitution of cysteine 123 for serine (C123S) in DLH, instead of inactivating the enzyme as is typical for this active‐site mutation, changes the catalysis from substrate hydrolysis to isomerisation. This is due to the deacylation of the acyl–enzyme intermediates being much slower, thereby increasing their lifetimes and allowing for their interconversion through isomerisation, followed by relactonisation.
High‐Potential Reversible Li Deintercalation in a Substituted Tetrahydroxy‐p‐benzoquinone Dilithium Salt: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Barrès Anne‐Lise , Geng Joaquin , Bonnard Gaëtan , Renault Stéven , Gottis Sébastien , Mentré Olivier , Frayret Christine , Dolhem Franck , Poizot Philippe
Published: July 2012

Efficient organic Li‐ion batteries require air‐stable lithiated organic structures that can reversibly deintercalate Li at sufficiently high potentials. To date, most of the cathode materials reported in the literature are typically synthesized in their fully oxidized form, which restricts the operating potential of such materials and requires use of an anode material in its lithiated state. Reduced forms of quinonic structures could represent examples of lithiated organic‐based cathodes that can deintercalate Li+ at potentials higher than 3 V thanks to substituent effects. Having previously recognized the unique electrochemical properties of the C6O6‐type ring, we have now designed and then elaborated, through a simple three‐step method, lithiated 3,6‐dihydroxy‐2,5‐dimethoxy‐p‐benzoquinone, a new redox amphoteric system derived from the tetralithium salt of tetrahydroxy‐p‐benzoquinone. Electrochemical investigations revealed that such an air‐stable salt can reversibly deintercalate one Li+ ion on charging with a practical capacity of about 100 mAh g−1 at about 3 V, albeit with a polarization effect. Better capacity retention was obtained by simply adding an adsorbing additive. A tetrahydrated form of the studied salt was also characterized by XRD and first‐principles calculations. Various levels of theory were probed, including DFT with classical functionals (LDA, GGA, PBEsol, revPBE) and models for dispersion corrections to DFT. One of the modified dispersion‐corrected DFT schemes, related to a rescaling of both van der Waals radii and s6 parameter, provides significant improvements to the description of this kind of crystal over other treatments. We then applied this optimized approach to the screening of hypothetical frameworks for the delithiated phases and to search for the anhydrous structure.
Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Hybrid Mesoporous Materials Assembled from Polyhedral and Bridged Silsesquioxane Monomers
Authors: Díaz Urbano , García Teresa , Velty Alexandra , Corma Avelino
Published: July 2012

A family of hybrid mesoporous materials with high temperature stability was obtained by the suitable covalent combination of two types of siloxane precursors. Specifically, cubic T8 polyhedral oligomeric (POSS) and aryl bridged silsesquioxane monomers (1,4‐bis(triethoxysilyl)benzene, BTEB) play the role of nanobuilders. An optimal molar ratio of the two precursors (5–25 mol % of total silicon content from the BTEB disilane) generated a homogenous, highly accessible, and well‐defined mesoporous material with hexagonal symmetry and narrow pore‐size distribution. Physicochemical, textural, and spectroscopic analysis corroborated the effective integration and preservation of the two different nanoprecursors, thereby confirming the framework of the mesoporous hybrid materials. A post‐synthesis amination treatment allowed the effective incorporation of amino groups onto the aryl linkers, thereby obtaining a stable and recyclable basic catalyst for use in CC bond‐formation processes.
Total Syntheses of (+)‐Polygalolide A and (+)‐Polygalolide B: Elucidation of the Absolute Stereochemistry and Biogenetic Implications
Authors: Sugano Yukihito , Kikuchi Fumiaki , Toita Akinori , Nakamura Seiichi , Hashimoto Shunichi
Published: July 2012

The total syntheses of (+)‐polygalolide A and (+)‐polygalolide B have been completed by using a carbonyl ylide cycloaddition strategy. Three of the four stereocenters, including two consecutive tetrasubstituted carbon atoms at C2 and C8, were incorporated through internal asymmetric induction from the stereocenter at C7 by a [Rh2(OAc)4]‐catalyzed carbonyl ylide formation/intramolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition sequence. The arylmethylidene moiety of these natural products was successfully installed by a Mukaiyama aldol‐type reaction of a silyl enol ether with a dimethyl acetal, followed by elimination under basic conditions. We have also developed an alternative approach to the carbonyl ylide precursor based on a hetero‐Michael reaction. This approach requires 18 steps, and the natural products were obtained in 9.8 and 9.3 % overall yields. Comparison of specific rotations of the synthetic materials and natural products suggests that polygalolides are biosynthesized in nearly racemic forms through a [5+2] cycloaddition between a fructose‐derived oxypyrylium zwitterion with an isoprene derivative.
Controlled Self‐Assembly by Mono‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes and Bis‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes
Authors: Wang Kui , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Liu Yu
Published: July 2012

The complexation‐induced critical aggregation concentrations of 1‐pyrenemethylaminium by mono‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes and bis‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes (n=4, 5) were systemically measured by fluorescence spectroscopy. In all cases, the complexation‐induced critical aggregation concentration decreases by about 3 times upon addition of p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes. However, the optimal molar ratios for the aggregation of 1‐pyrenemethylaminium by mono‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes and bis‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes are distinctly different: For mono‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes, the optimum mixing ratio for the aggregation of 1‐pyrenemethylaminium is 1:4 mono‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes/1‐pyrenemethylaminium, whereas only 2.5 molecules of 1‐pyrenemethylaminium can be bound by one cavity of bis‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes. The intermolecular complexation of mono‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes and bis‐p‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes with 1‐pyrenemethylaminium led to the formation of two distinctly different nanoarchitectures, which were shown to be nanoscale vesicle and rod aggregates, respectively, by using dynamic laser scattering, TEM, and SEM. This behavior is also different from the fiber‐like aggregates with lengths of several micrometers that were formed by 1‐pyrenemethylaminium itself above its critical aggregation concentration. Furthermore, the obtained nanoaggregates exhibit benign water solubility, self‐labeled fluorescence, and, more importantly, temperature responsiveness.
Fast Fluorescence Switching within Hydrophilic Supramolecular Assemblies
Authors: Cusido Janet , Battal Mutlu , Deniz Erhan , Yildiz Ibrahim , Sortino Salvatore , Raymo Françisco M.
Published: July 2012

We designed a supramolecular strategy to modulate fluorescence in water under optical control. It is based on the entrapment of fluorophore–photochrome dyads within the hydrophobic interior of an amphiphilic polymer. The polymeric envelope around the dyads protects them from the aqueous environment, while imposing hydrophilic character on the overall supramolecular construct. In the resulting assemblies, the photochromic component can be operated reversibly on a microsecond timescale under the influence of ultraviolet stimulations. In turn, the reversible transformations control the emission intensity of the adjacent fluorophore. As a result, the fluorescence of such nanostructured constructs can be photomodulated for hundreds of cycles in water with microsecond switching speeds. Thus, our protocol for fast fluorescence switching in aqueous solutions can eventually lead to the realization of functional probes for the investigation of biological samples.
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of the Crystallographic and Electronic Structure of U2Fe3Si5 Compound.
Authors: Zenou V. Y. , Fuks D. , Talianker M.
Published: July 2012

The title compound is characterized by powder XRD and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Extended Solid Solubility of a Co—Cr System by Mechanical Alloying.
Authors: Betancourt‐Cantera J. A. , Sanchez‐De Jesus F. , Torres‐Villasenor G. , Bolarin‐Miro A. M. , Cortes‐Escobedo C. A.
Published: July 2012

Mechanical alloying using a high energy mill for 7 h milling time modifies the solid solubility of the Co—Cr system, which is in contrast with results previously reported by mechanical alloying with a planetary ball mill for larger milling times.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Synthesis and Structural Investigation of H3P8O8N9: A New Phosphorus(V) Oxonitride Imide with an Interrupted Framework Structure.
Authors: Sedlmaier Stefan J. , Celinski Vinicius R. , Schmedt auf der Guenne Joern , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: July 2012

The title compound is synthesized in three steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Magnetism of the Topotactically Reduced Oxychloride Sr4Mn3O6.5Cl2.
Authors: Romero Fabio Denis , Hayward Michael A
Published: July 2012

The title compound is prepared by reduction of Sr4Mn3O7.5Cl2 with CaH2 (Parr vessel that can withstand the evolving H2 pressure, 350 °C, 8 d) and characterized by powder X‐ray and neutron diffraction, and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Amine‐Functional Polysiloxanes (AFPs) as Efficient Polymeric Organocatalyst for Amino Catalysis: Efficient Multicomponent Gewald Reaction, α‐Allylic Alkylation of Aldehydes, and Knoevenagel Condensation.
Authors: Zheng Zhan‐Jiang , Liu Lu‐Xin , Gao Guang , Dong Hong , Jiang Jian‐Xiong , Lai Guo‐Qiao , Xu Li‐Wen
Published: July 2012

Use of the environmentally benign amino‐functionalized polysiloxanes (PAP or CAP) as organocatalyst allows for the title reactions to proceed under relatively mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Unifying Metal‐ and Organocatalysis for Asymmetric Oxidative Iminium Activation: A Relay Catalytic System Enabling the Combined Allylic Oxidation of Alcohols and Prolinol Ether Catalyzed Iminium Reactions.
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Sunden Henrik , Sugiono Erli
Published: July 2012

The one‐pot domino reactions are based on the in situ generation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes from allylic alcohols in the presence of NMO as an oxidant and TPAP as catalyst, and the subsequent asymmetric transformations such as cyclopropanation, Michael addition, Michael addition/acetalization in the presence of a prolinol‐based catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: trans‐1,2‐Diaminocyclohexane Mesoporous Silica for Asymmetric Catalysis: Enhancement of Chirality Through Confinement Space by the Plug Effect.
Authors: Jeong Eun‐Young , Lim Cheang‐Rae , Jin Hailian , Park Sang‐Eon
Published: July 2012

Highly enantioselective addition of α,β‐unsaturated ketones to nitroalkenes is achieved at ambient temperature in the presence of a protonic acid and trans‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane functionalized mesoporous silica as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Carbonyl—ene Reaction on BINOLate/Titanium Catalyst Encapsulated in Magnetic Nanoreactors.
Authors: Liu Xiao , Bai Shiyang , Yang Yan , Li Bo , Xiao Bing , Li Can , Yang Qihua
Published: July 2012

A titanium complex of (R)‐6,6′‐Br2‐BINOL encapsulated in magnetic nanocages of mesoporous silica is prepared and successfully applied as chiral catalyst for the enantioselective carbonyl—ene reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Reductive Coupling Reaction of Norbornene with Aldehydes in the Presence of Triethylborane.
Authors: Ogata Kenichi , Toh Ayumi , Shimada Daisuke , Fukuzawa Shin‐ichi
Published: July 2012

Aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes (II) and (V) undergo a reductive coupling reaction with norbornene (I) and norbornadiene (IV) in the presence of triethylborane as reducing agent and a Ni—phosphine catalytic system to provide the secondary alcohols (III) and (VI), resp., in a smooth and highly diastereoselective fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: Supercritical CO2 as an Effective Medium for a Novel Conversion of Glycerol and Alcohols in the Heterogeneous Telomerization of Butadiene.
Authors: Conceicao Lucinda , Bogel‐Lukasik Rafal , Bogel‐Lukasik Ewa
Published: July 2012

The telomerization of butadiene with several alcohols in supercritical CO2 is achieved, however, the conversion is low and mixtures of products are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Hydrogenation of the Olefinic Bonds Using a Palladium/Magnesium‐Lanthanum Mixed Oxide Catalyst.
Authors: Kantam Mannepalli Lakshmi , Kishore Ramineni , Yadav Jagjit , Sudhakar Medak , Venugopal Akula
Published: July 2012

In the presence of the title heterogeneous catalyst, olefinic C=C bonds are selectively hydrogenated in the presence of various functional groups such as carbonyl, aromatic halides, and nitrile.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Base‐Assisted C—N Bond Formation Between Aryl Halides and Aliphatic Tertiary Amines under Transition‐Metal‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Fang Yang , Zheng Yueqin , Wang Zhiyong
Published: July 2012

A direct amination strategy is introduced starting from aryl halides and sterically hindered tertiary amines under transition metal free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Copper‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Amine with 20% Aqueous Solution of n‐Bu4NOH.
Authors: Molaei Hamidreza , Ghanbari Mohammad Mehdi
Published: July 2012

Optimized conditions are developed for the reaction with phenylboronic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Mizoroki—Heck Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1‐(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)piperidine]}palladium: Palladium Nanoparticle Formation Promoted by (Water‐Induced) Ligand Degradation.
Authors: Oberholzer Miriam , Gerber Roman , Frech Christian M.
Published: July 2012

The title catalyst shows excellent functional group tolerance at low catalyst loading.
ChemInform Abstract: Transamidation of Amides with Amines under Solvent‐Free Conditions Using a CeO2 Catalyst.
Authors: Tamura Masazumi , Tonomura Takuya , Shimizu Ken‐ichi , Satsuma Atsushi
Published: July 2012

The first examples of a heterogeneous‐catalyzed transamidation using aliphatic amines as substrates are given.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component Glycolate Michael Reactions of Enolates, Silyl Glyoxylates, and α,β‐ Enones.
Authors: Schmitt Daniel C. , Malow Ericka J. , Johnson Jeffrey S.
Published: July 2012

LDA/ LiCl‐mediated treatment of the ester (I) with silyl glyoxylates and α,β‐enones results in stereoselective formation of 1,4‐addition products of type (IV) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Ru/Ag‐Catalyzed Oxidative Alkenylation of Benzamides and Phenylazoles Through Regioselective C—H Bond Cleavage.
Authors: Hashimoto Yuto , Ortloff Timon , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Bolm Carsten , Miura Masahiro
Published: July 2012

Benzamides (I) and phenylazoles (IV) and (VI) undergo regioselective alkenylation in the presence of a copper oxidant and a Ru/Ag catalyst system.
ChemInform Abstract: Effects of Silyl Substituents on the Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral (Allenylmethyl)silanes and Their SE2′ Chirality Transfer Reactions.
Authors: Ogasawara Masamichi , Ge Yonghui , Okada Atsushi , Takahashi Tamotsu
Published: July 2012

The enantioselectivities of both processes are improved by the steric bulk of the silyl groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polyfluorinated ortho‐Alkynylanilines.
Authors: Politanskaya Larisa V. , Chuikov Igor P. , Kolodina Ekaterina A. , Shvartsberg Mark S. , Shteingarts Vitalij D.
Published: July 2012

A diversity of polyfluorinated ortho‐alkynylanilines (IV), versatile building blocks for diverse polyfluorobenzo‐fused azaheterocycles, is prepared by means of Sonogashira coupling reaction of polyfluorinated ortho‐iodoanilines (II) with terminal alkynes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Well‐Defined NHC—Pd(II)—Im (NHC: N‐Heterocyclic carbene; Im: 1‐Methylimidazole) Complex Catalyzed C—N Coupling of Primary Amines with Aryl Chlorides.
Authors: Zhu Lei , Ye Yue‐Mei , Shao Li‐Xiong
Published: July 2012

The catalyst is very suitable for the amination reaction of sterically hindered primary amines and alkyl amines with aryl chlorides.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of N,N‐Bis(trifluoromethyl)anilines.
Authors: Hirschberg M. E. , Ignat'ev N. V. , Wenda A. , Frohn H.‐J. , Willner H.
Published: July 2012

Dediazotation reaction of the hitherto unknown in situ generated aryldiazonium bis(trifluoromethyl)imides [formed from (I)] in the presence of Cu(I) salts with weakly coordinating anions yields the title compounds (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Homologation of Aldehydes to α‐Ketoaldehydes by Using Iodoform, o‐Iodoxybenzoic Acid, and Dimethyl Sulfoxide.
Authors: Zall Andrea , Bensinger Dennis , Schmidt Boris
Published: July 2012

An efficient three‐step synthetic route to aromatic α‐ketoaldehydes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of Acid Chlorides with Terminal Alkynes Using 1‐(2‐Pyridylethynyl)‐2‐(2‐thienylethynyl)benzene Ligand.
Authors: Atobe Shingo , Masuno Haruna , Sonoda Motohiro , Suzuki Yuki , Shinohara Hiroyuki , Shibata Satoshi , Ogawa Akiya
Published: July 2012

The method affords directly conjugated alkynones as important synthetic intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Fluoro‐β‐hydroxy Esters by an Enantioselective Reformatsky‐Type Reaction.
Authors: Fornalczyk Michal , Singh Kuldip , Stuart Alison M.
Published: July 2012

The first enantioselective Reformatsky‐type reaction of ethyl iodofluoroacetate (II) is accomplished with alkyl aryl ketones (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amides from Imines Using Et3SiH/Zn System.
Authors: Ghaffarzadeh Mohammad , Heidarifard Somaye , Faraji Fereshteh , Joghan Somaye Shahrivari
Published: July 2012

The amide formation under mild conditions provides the desired products in good yields within short times.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyridine Ligands as Promoters in PdII/0‐Catalyzed C—H Olefination Reactions.
Authors: Kubota Asako , Emmert Marion H. , Sanford Melanie S.
Published: July 2012

It is demonstrated that 3,4‐dichloropyridine efficiently promotes the Fujiwara—Moritani reaction of arenes with alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions in a Solkane365/227/Ethanol Blend at Ambient Temperature.
Authors: Xu Xiu‐Hua , Azuma Ayaka , Kusuda Akihiro , Tokunaga Etsuko , Shibata Norio
Published: July 2012

An environmentally benign solvent system is developed which also allows the synthesis of polyaryls such as (VIII) or (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Nanoparticles in Suzuki Cross‐Couplings: Tapping into the Potential of Tris‐Imidazolium Salts for Nanoparticle Stabilization.
Authors: Planellas Marc , Pleixats Roser , Shafir Alexandr
Published: July 2012

The stabilized Pd‐nanoparticles are prepared via a Chaudret‐type hydrogenation of Pd(dba)2 in the presence of the title triiodide salt TIM.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of β‐Aminoketone Compounds Through Three‐Component Mannich Reaction Catalyzed by Calcium Chloride.
Authors: Kulkarni Pramod , Totawar Balaji , Zubaidha Pudukulathan K.
Published: July 2012

The advantages of the new method leading to β‐aminoketones (IV), (VI) and (VIII), are short reaction times, high yields, easy work‐up, low cost and an eco‐friendly protocol.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladacycle‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Arylboronic Acids with Carboxylic Anhydrides or Acyl Chlorides.
Authors: Yu Ajuan , Shen Lei , Cui Xiuling , Peng Dongpo , Wu Yangjie
Published: July 2012

A highly active and reusable catalyst is applied to the title synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 2‐Naphthylamine with Sodium Iodate/Sodium Sulfite: Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐1‐iodonaphthalene.
Authors: Taldone Tony , Zatorska Danuta , Chiosis Gabriela
Published: July 2012

In contrast to previously reported results, the presented approach leads to the title compound (II) rather than to 2‐amino‐3‐iodonaphthalene.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Furans from Various Saccharides Using a Combination of Solid Acid and Base Catalysts.
Authors: Tuteja Jaya , Nishimura Shun , Ebitani Kohki
Published: July 2012

A combination of hydrotalcite‐catalyzed isomerization and Amberlyst‐15‐catalyzed dehydration is successfully applied to achieve the direct one‐pot formation of furans from single carbohydrates, e.g. arabinose (I), rhamnose (III) and glucose (V) as well as a mixture of carbohydrates.
ChemInform Abstract: tert‐BuOK‐Mediated Carbanion—Yne Intramolecular Cyclization: Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 3‐Benzylbenzofurans.
Authors: Chen Po‐Yuan , Wang Tzu‐Pin , Huang Keng‐Shiang , Kao Chai‐Lin , Tsai Jui‐Chi , Wang Eng‐Chi
Published: July 2012

Two synthetic routes for the preparation of 2‐aroyl‐ and 2‐alkyl‐3‐benzylbenzofurans are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practicable Environmentally Benign One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzofurans at Room Temperature.
Authors: Liao Lian‐Yan , Shen Gang , Zhang Xue , Duan Xin‐Fang
Published: July 2012

An environmentally friendly one‐pot synthesis of 2‐arylbenzofurans (18 examples) involves an o‐hydroxyl group assisted Wittig reaction of substituted salicylaldehyde derivatives followed by in situ oxidative cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Cyclization of Aryldiynes Using Iodine: Synthesis of Iodo‐Substituted Benzo[b]naphtho[2,1‐d]thiophene Derivatives for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells.
Authors: Ferrara Giovanni , Jin Tienan , Akhtaruzzaman Md. , Islam Ashraful , Han Liyuan , Jiang Hua , Yamamoto Yoshinori
Published: July 2012

The title reaction produces compounds (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Alkynes with Amides via Formyl Translocation.
Authors: Wu Cui‐Yan , Hu Ming , Liu Yu , Song Ren‐Jie , Lei Yong , Tang Bo‐Xiao , Li Rong‐Jiang , Li Jin‐Heng
Published: July 2012

The first example of a Ru‐catalyzed intramolecular annulation of alkynes with amides provides an efficient access to 3‐formylindoles (II) in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Chitosan Functionalized Ionic Liquid as a Recyclable Biopolymer‐Supported Catalyst for Cycloaddition of CO2.
Authors: Sun Jian , Wang Jinquan , Cheng Weiguo , Zhang Jianxin , Li Xiaohua , Zhang Suojiang , She Yuanbin
Published: July 2012

Chitosan‐functionalized 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium halides efficiently catalyze the cycloaddition of CO2 with various epoxides furnishing cyclic carbonates (III) in the absence of solvents and metal co‐catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoswitchabel Azoheterocycles via Coupling of Lithiated Imidazoles with Benzenediazonium Salts.
Authors: Wendler Thore , Schuett Christian , Naether Christian , Herges Rainer
Published: July 2012

Upon irradiation at 365 nm, the azoimidazoles (III), (VI), (VIII), and (X) are transformed to their cis isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano Indium Oxide: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1,2‐Disubstituted Benzimidazoles in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Santra Sougata , Majee Adinath , Hajra Alakananda
Published: July 2012

The condensation of phenylene diamine with aldehydes gives rise to a broad spectrum of pharmacologically interesting benzimidazole structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Synthesis of 2,4,5‐Trisubstituted Oxazoles via a Tandem Aza‐Wittig/Michael/Isomerization Reaction of Vinyliminophosphorane.
Authors: Xie Hai , Yuan Ding , Ding Ming‐Wu
Published: July 2012

Reaction of the phosphoranes (I) with aliphatic and aromatic acid chlorides under the conditions shown produces the oxazole structures (III) instead of the expected dihydrooxazoles (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Functionalization of Benzoxazoles with Alkenyl Iodides.
Authors: Gerelle Maria , Dalencon Anne J. , Willis Michael C.
Published: July 2012

Extension of the procedure to the heterocyclic analogues (VII) is also possible.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel 2‐Aminothieno[3,2‐d]thiazoles and Selenolo[3,2‐d]thiazoles.
Authors: Revelant Germain , Hesse Stephanie , Kirsch Gilbert
Published: July 2012

The title compounds can be considered as analogues of aniline and used in synthetic protocols involving aryl‐amine.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfur—Nitrogen and Carbon—Nitrogen Bond Formation by Intermolecular Imination and Amidation Without Catalyst.
Authors: Ma Wen Bo , Li Sheng Nan , Zhou Zhong Hua , Shen Heng Shui , Li Xue , Sun Qiu , He Ling , Xue Ying
Published: July 2012

4‐Amino‐4‐H‐1,2,3‐triazole (II) serves as a nitrogen source for the imination and amidation of olefins, sulfides, and sulfoxides via nitrene insertion in the absence of any catalyst under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Arylated Flavones by Site‐Selective Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions of the Bis(triflate) of 5,7‐ and 7,8‐Dihydroxyflavone.
Authors: Eleya Nadi , Malik Imran , Reimann Sebastian , Wittler Kai , Hein Martin , Patonay Tamas , Villinger Alexander , Ludwig Ralf , Langer Peter
Published: July 2012

5,7‐ and 7,8‐Dihydroxyflavones can be regioselectively mono‐ or di‐arylated by proper choice of the reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Synthesis of Novel and Known Coumarin‐3‐carboxylic Acids Using Stannous Chloride Dihydrate under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Karami Bahador , Farahi Mahnaz , Khodabakhshi Saeed
Published: July 2012

A simple experimental procedure is elaborated for the preparation of coumarin‐3‐carboxylic acids such as (III), (V), and (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Cross Double Mannich Reaction Catalyzed by I2: Synthesis of Highly Substituted 4‐Piperidones.
Authors: Jia Xiao Dong , Chen Xiang Ning , Huo Cong De , Peng Fang Fang , Qing Chang , Wang Xi Cun
Published: July 2012

Only one of the possible diastereomers is identified in the mixture (spectral data for one example investigated reveal a ~1:1 ratio) of regioisomeric 4‐piperidones.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryne [3 + 2] Cycloaddition with N‐Sulfonylpyridinium Imides and in situ Generated N‐Sulfonylisoquinolinium Imides: A Potential Route to Pyrido[1,2‐b]indazoles and Indazolo[3,2‐a]isoquinolines.
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Li Pan , Wu Chunrui , Chen Hongli , Ai Wenying , Sun Renhong , Ren Hailong , Larock Richard C. , Shi Feng
Published: July 2012

A facile, effective, and operationally simple route to the title compounds is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh‐Catalyzed Intramolecular sp2 C—H Bond Difluoromethylation.
Authors: Li Yajun , Zhu Jiangtao , Xie Haibo , Li Shan , Peng Dongjie , Li Zhengke , Wu Yongming , Gong Yuefa
Published: July 2012

A new intramolecular coupling reaction of bromides (I) and (IV) gives rise to difluorinated tricyclic products (II) and (V), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Dodecylphosphonic Acid (DPA): A Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2H‐Indazolo[2,1‐b]phthalazine‐triones under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Kidwai Mazaahir , Jahan Anwar , Chauhan Ritika , Mishra Neeraj Kumar
Published: July 2012

A novel protocol is developed for the synthesis of title compounds (IV) by means of one‐pot three‐component condensation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of Novel 2,3‐Disubstituted Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud R. , Abou‐Elmagd Wael S. I. , Abdelwahab Salwa S. , Soliman El‐Sayed A.
Published: July 2012

A variety of new 2,3‐disubstituted quinazolinone derivatives is synthesized using hydrazide (IV) as key intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Catalyzed Three‐Component One‐Pot Synthesis of Naphthopyranopyrimidines under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Kumar K. Praveen , Satyanarayana S. , Reddy P. Lakshmi , Narasimhulu G. , Ravirala Narender , Reddy B. V. Subba
Published: July 2012

A metal‐free approach is presented for the Biginelli‐type reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Allylic Oxidations with a Lyophilisate of the Edible Fungus Pleurotus sapidus.
Authors: Rickert Aljona , Krombach Verena , Hamers Oliver , Zorn Holger , Maison Wolfgang
Published: July 2012

The biocatalytic oxidation of a variety of terpenoids and related cycloalkenes, e.g. valencene (I) and 3‐carene (III), is described using a lyophilisate of the title fungus as a bio‐agent.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Stereoselective Synthesis of Julolidine Hybrid Analogues via Domino Knoevenagel Intramolecular Hetero Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Ghoshal Atanu , Sarkar Asit R. , Kumaran R. Senthil , Hegde Subramanya , Manickam Govindaswamy , Jayashankaran Jayadevan
Published: July 2012

Microwave‐assisted reaction of julolidine derivative (II) with symmetrical 1,3‐dienes results in the highly stereoselective formation of products (III) and (V) via domino Knoevenagel/intramolecular hetero Diels—Alder reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Carboline Alkaloids from the Leaves of Trigonostemon lii Y. T. Chang.
Authors: Li Shi‐Fei , Zhang Yu , Li Yan , Li Xin‐Rao , Kong Ling‐Mei , Tan Cheng‐Jian , Li Shun‐Lin , Di Ying‐Tong , He Hong‐Ping , Hao Xiao‐Jiang
Published: July 2012

Six new β‐carboline alkaloids (I) and (II) are isolated and tested for their anticancer activity against five human cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Sonogashira‐Cyclization Protocol to Obtain Substituted Furopyrimidine Nucleosides in Aqueous Conditions.
Authors: Fresneau Nathalie , Hiebel Marie‐Aude , Agrofoglio Luigi A. , Berteina‐Raboin Sabine
Published: July 2012

Under optimized conditions, the Sonogashira coupling of substrate (I) with alkynes is followed by cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiproliferative Activity Against Human Non‐Small Lung Cancer of Two O‐Alkyl‐diglycosylglycerols from the Marine Sponges Myrmekioderma dendyi and Trikentrion laeve.
Authors: Farokhi Fereshteh , Wielgosz‐Collin Gaetane , Robic Audrey , Debitus Cecile , Malleter Marine , Roussakis Christos , Kornprobst Jean‐Michel , Barnathan Gilles
Published: July 2012

Identification and biological activity of the new myrmekioside E (I) from the South Pacific marine sponge Myrmekioderma dendyi are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of (‐)‐Saframycin A Analogues.
Authors: Dong Wenfang , Liu Wei , Yan Zheng , Liao Xiangwei , Guan Baohe , Wang Nan , Liu Zhanzhu
Published: July 2012

A series of (‐)‐saframycin A analogues (I) are prepared from L‐tyrosine in 24 steps and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against a panel of ten human tumor cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: Growth of p‐Type Hematite by Atomic Layer Deposition and Its Utilization for Improved Solar Water Splitting.
Authors: Lin Yongjing , Xu Yang , Mayer Matthew T. , Simpson Zachary I. , McMahon Gregory , Zhou Sa , Wang Dunwei
Published: July 2012

Mg‐doped α‐Fe2O3 is synthesized by atomic layer deposition at 180 °C using Fe2(O‐tBu)6, water, and bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)magnesium as Fe, O, and Mg precursors, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: The Processing of Nanocrystalline Steels by Solid Reaction
Authors: Caballero F. G. , Garcia‐Mateo C.
Published: July 2012

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide Complexes as Paramagnetic Probes for 19F Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Harvey Peter , Kuprov Ilya , Parker David
Published: July 2012

Review: 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organofluorine Chemistry: Synthesis and Conformation of Vicinal Fluoromethylene Motifs
Authors: O'Hagan David
Published: July 2012

Review: 41 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Acylpyrroles: More Than Amides.
Authors: Goldys Anna M. , McErlean Christopher S. P.
Published: July 2012

Review: preparation, electronic properties, and synthetic applications as acylating agents, enhancing the reactivity of α,β‐unsaturated systems, formation of enolates and silyl enol ethers, Diels—Alder‐type chemistry on the pyrrole ring; 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Transition‐Metal‐Free Carbon—Carbon and Carbon—Heteroatom Bond‐Forming Reactions Using Arynes
Authors: Bhunia Anup , Yetra Santhivardhana Reddy , Biju Akkattu T.
Published: July 2012

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral‐at‐Metal Complexes and Their Catalytic Applications in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Bauer Eike B.
Published: July 2012

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Atropisomerism and Axial Chirality in Heteroaromatic Compounds
Authors: Alkorta Ibon , Elguero Jose , Roussel Christian , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Piras Patrick
Published: July 2012

Review: ca. 800 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biocatalyzed Regio‐ and Chemoselective Ester Cleavage: Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Barbayianni Efrosini , Kokotos George
Published: July 2012

Review: ca. 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in the Chemical Modification of Epitaxial Graphene
Authors: Bekyarova E. , Sarkar S. , Niyogi S. , Itkis M. E. , Haddon R. C.
Published: July 2012

Review: 118 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Approaches for Taste Masking of Bitter Drugs
Authors: Deepthi Priya Y. , Chowdary Y. A. , Murthy T. E. G. K. , Seshagiri B.
Published: July 2012

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Chloroquinoline‐3‐carbaldehydes: Synthesis, Reactions and Applications
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F. , Khidre Rizk E. , Farahat Abdelbasset A. , El‐Ahl Abdel‐Aziz Sayed
Published: July 2012

Review: 183 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Chirality Based on Calixarenes
Authors: Luo Jun , Zheng Yan‐Song
Published: July 2012

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Isomerization of Allylic Alcohols in Water
Authors: Lorenzo‐Luis Pablo , Romerosa Antonio , Serrano‐Ruiz Manuel
Published: July 2012

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl(hydro)boranes: Versatile Building Blocks for Boron‐Doped π‐Electron Materials
Authors: Lorbach Andreas , Huebner Alexander , Wagner Matthias
Published: July 2012

Review: 272 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Nitriles
Authors: Wang W. T. , Lin L. L. , Liu X. H. , Feng X. M.
Published: July 2012

Review: 118 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Heavy Fermions in High Magnetic Field
Authors: Aoki D. , Knafo W. , Sheikin I.
Published: July 2012

Review: 173 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Impact of Plant—Pathogen Studies on Medicinal Drug Discovery
Authors: Ottmann Christian , van der Hoorn Renier A. L. , Kaiser Markus
Published: July 2012

Review: 66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Autophagy‐Regulating Small Molecules and Their Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Baek Kyung‐Hwa , Park Jihye , Shin Injae
Published: July 2012

Review: 207 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gene Delivery System: A Developing Arena of Study for the New Era of Medicine
Authors: Khan Saifur Rahman , Ganguly Advaita , Malabadi Ravindra B. , Sunwoo Hoon H. , Suresh Mavanur R.
Published: July 2012

Review: 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aquasomes — A Self‐Assembled Nanotechnology System
Authors: Mesariya Sunil , Joshi Kruti , Jain Hitesh , Upadhyay U. M.
Published: July 2012

Review: 23 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Amphiphilic Peptides That Self‐Assemble to Membrane‐Active Anion Transporters
Authors: Gokel George W. , Daschbach Megan M.
Published: July 2012

Review: 201 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Dynamics Simulations Based on Reactive Force‐Fields for Surface Chemical Reactions
Authors: Shen X. J. , Xiao Y. , Dong W. , Yan X. H. , Busnengo H. F.
Published: July 2012

Review: 44 refs.
The Impact of Preoperative Imaging for Atypical Atrial Myxoma Locations
Authors: Edwdard Hatz Daniel , Danielson Daren , Nilas Young J. , Amsterdam Ezra
Published: July 2012

Background:

Atrial myxomas are the most common primary cardiac neoplasm. The majority (75%–80%) are located in the left atrium at the base of the foramen ovalis. Surgical removal can prevent dangerous obstructive or thromboembolic sequelae.

Hypothesis:

Atypically located tumors may present technical challenges requiring case‐specific surgical adaptations when visualization or surrounding cardiac structures are compromised.

Methods:

We describe 3 cases of atypically located atrial myxomas that required preoperative transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomography to afford the optimal surgical approach.

Conclusions:

These cases highlight the potential need for multimodality imaging of atypically located atrial myxomas to determine the optimal technical approach for excision. Clin. Cardiol. 2012 doi: 10.1002/clc.22027

The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
B‐type Natriuretic Peptides in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Implications in an Aging Population
Authors: Krim Selim R. , Vivo Rey P. , de Lemos James A.
Published: July 2012

B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N‐terminal‐proBNP (NT‐proBNP) are increasingly recognized as prognostic markers in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The need for novel and more effective tools for risk assessment cannot be more emphasized than in older patients with ACS given their atypical presentation, multiple comorbidities, and higher risk for mortality and morbidity. Accurate interpretation of B‐type NP values in older patients with ACS, however, may be confounded by several aging‐related physiologic changes. Advanced age, reduction in body mass, and kidney function and anemia have been associated with higher BNP and NT‐proBNP concentrations, and may create challenges with interpreting NP levels in the elderly. This review highlights the need to better understand the physiology of BNP and NT‐proBNP in older individuals and their prognostic value in older patients with ACS. Clin. Cardiol. 2012 doi: 10.1002/clc.22035

Dr. de Lemos has received grant support from Roche Diagnostics and Abbott Diagnostics. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Designing Iron‐Amended Biosand Filters for Decentralized Safe Drinking Water Provision
Authors: Noubactep Chicgoua , Temgoua Emile , Rahman Mohammad A.
Published: July 2012

There are ongoing efforts to render conventional biosand filters (BSF) more efficient for safe drinking water provision. One promising option is to amend BSF with a reactive layer containing metallic iron (Fe0). The present communication presents some conceptual options for efficient Fe0‐amended BSF in its fourth generation. It is shown that a second fine‐sand layer should be placed downwards from the Fe0‐reactive layer to capture dissolved iron. This second fine‐sand layer could advantageously contain adsorbing materials (e.g. activated carbons, wooden charcoals). An approach for sizing the Fe0‐reactive layer is suggested based on 3 kg Fe0 per filter. Working with the same Fe0 load will ease comparison of results with different materials and the scaling up of household BSF to large scale community slow sand filters (SSF).
Investigation of the Possibility of Copper Removal from Industrial Leachate by Raw and Calcined Phosphogypsum: D‐Optimal and Taguchi Designs
Authors: Mesci Başak , Turan Nurdan Gamze , Ozgonenel Okan
Published: July 2012

In the present study, the removal of Cu(II) was evaluated by raw and calcined phosphogypsum (PG) as an industrial product. The role of experimental factors on the removal of Cu(II) was examined by using D‐optimal and Taguchi designs. The experimental factors and their related levels were selected as initial pH of 3–6–8, adsorbent content of 5, 10, and 25 g L−1, contact time of 5, 10, and 20 min, and temperature of 20, 40, and 60°C. The results are evaluated by ANOVA test to extract important experimental factors and their levels. The performances of the suggested factorial designs were then compared and regression models that took into account the significant main and interaction effects were suggested. Taguchi design was found as a reliable solution with less number of experiments for adsorption studies with the optimized values. The resultant removal efficiency is calculated as 78.34%. The results revealed that calcined PG is an appropriate adsorbent for Cu(II) removal from leachate of industrial waste.
“The petals and thorns” of ROSE (rapid on‐site evaluation)
Authors: da Cunha Santos Gilda , Ko Hyang‐Mi , Saieg Mauro Ajaj , Geddie William R.
Published: July 2012

In this article, the authors discuss the advantages (“petals”) and disadvantages (“thorns”) of rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) performed for minimally invasive procedures such as computed tomography (CT)‐guided and endoscopic‐guided fine‐needle aspiration with a focus on deep‐seated lymph nodes. One of the main advantages is increased diagnostic accuracy. Disadvantages include the need for highly trained professionals and a lack of adequate reimbursement.