bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2016 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment
Authors: Gertz Morie A.
Published: August 2016

Disease Overview

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis is a clonal, nonproliferative plasma cell disorder in which fragments of immunoglobulin light chain are deposited in tissues. Clinical features depend on organs involved but can include restrictive cardiomyopathy, nephrotic syndrome, hepatic failure, peripheral/autonomic neuropathy, and atypical multiple myeloma.

Diagnosis

Tissue biopsy stained with Congo red demonstrating amyloid deposits with applegreen birefringence is required for diagnosis. Invasive organ biopsy is not required because amyloid deposits can be found in bone marrow biopsy or subcutaneous fat aspirate in 85% of patients. Verification that amyloid is composed of immunoglobulin light chains is mandatory.

Prognosis

N‐terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP), serum troponin T, and difference between involved and uninvolved immunoglobulin free light chain values are used to classify patients into four groups of similar size; median survivals are 94.1, 40.3, 14.0, and 5.8 months.

Therapy

All patients with a systemic amyloid syndrome require therapy to prevent deposition of amyloid in other organs and prevent progressive organ failure of involved sites. Stem cell transplant (SCT) is preferred, but only 20% of patients are eligible. Requirements for safe SCT include systolic blood pressure >90 mmHg, troponin T <0.06 ng mL21, age <70 years, and serum creatinine 1.7 mg dL21. Nontransplant candidates can be offered melphalan‐dexamethasone or cyclophosphamide‐bortezomib‐dexamethasone. Other combinations of chemotherapy with agents such as cyclophosphamide‐thalidomide (or lenalidomide)‐dexamethasone, bortezomib‐dexamethasone, and melphalan‐prednisone‐lenalidomide have documented activity. Antibodies designed to dissolve existing amyloid deposits are under study for previously treated and untreated patients. Late diagnosis remains a major obstacle to initiating effective therapy. Am. J. Hematol., 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Am. J. Hematol. 91:948–956, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tunable Nanosupramolecular Aggregates Mediated by Host–Guest Complexation
Authors: Zhang Wen , Zhang Ying‐Ming , Li Sheng‐Hua , Cui Yong‐Liang , Yu Jie , Liu Yu
Published: August 2016

Nanosupramolecular assemblies with controlled topological features have inventive applications in fundamental studies and material manufacturing. Herein, a variety of morphologically interesting aggregates have been constructed using the supramolecular modulation with bipyridinium‐modified diphenylalanine derivative (BP‐FF). Benefiting from the high binding affinity of bipyridinium group with four different macrocyclic receptors, namely cucurbit[7]uril, cucurbit[8]uril, pillar[5]arene, and tetrasulfonated crown ether, we have succeeded in tuning the topological aggregates of BP‐FF from fine nanofibers to nanorods, octahedron‐like nanostructure, helical nanowires, and rectangular nanosheets without any tedious chemical modification. This supramolecular approach may provide us a powerful method to construct well‐defined nanostructures with different morphologies that can be conveniently controlled by facile host–guest interactions.
Enhancing the Sensitivity of CPMG Relaxation Dispersion to Conformational Exchange Processes by Multiple‐Quantum Spectroscopy
Authors: Yuwen Tairan , Vallurupalli Pramodh , Kay Lewis E.
Published: August 2016

A triple‐quantum 1H Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill NMR relaxation dispersion experiment is presented that uses methyl group probes as reporters of conformational exchange in highly deuterated, methyl‐protonated proteins. Significantly larger dispersion profiles, by as much as a factor of nine, can be obtained relative to single‐quantum approaches, thus offering very significant advantages in applications involving interconverting conformers with only small changes in structure or in studies of rare states that are at very low populations. Applications to a number of protein systems are presented where the utility of the method, including its improved sensitivity to chemical exchange processes, is established.
Hydrolysis of polylactide in aqueous media
Authors: Rodriguez Edwin J. , Marcos Bernard , Huneault Michel A.
Published: August 2016

In this study, two commercial polylactide (PLA) grades with different d‐lactate contents were subjected to hydrolysis in neutral, acidic, and alkaline aqueous media at temperatures above the glass transition. We monitored the hydrolysis process by means of tracking the changes in the molecular weight distribution, weight loss, water uptake, and PLA crystallinity as a function of time. In both, neutral and acidic media, hydrolysis showed an initial induction period over which no weight loss was observed, whereas the average molecular weight dropped drastically. After this initial period, the weight loss increased rapidly, whereas the molecular weight decreased slowly. Additionally, in alkaline media, hydrolysis occurred mainly through a surface‐erosion process; this resulted in a simultaneous molecular weight decrease and weight loss without a noticeable induction period. An autocatalytic mechanism was assumed in neutral and acidic media to describe the hydrolysis kinetics. The measured molecular weight decrease over time was successfully described by a two‐stage exponential model. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44152.
meso‐Nitro‐ and meso‐Aminosubporphyrinatoboron(III)s and meso‐to‐meso Azosubporphyrinatoboron(III)s
Authors: Shimizu Daiki , Lee Seung‐Kyu , Kim Dongho , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: August 2016

meso‐Nitrosubporphyrinatoboron(III) was synthesized by nitration of meso‐free subporphyrin with AgNO2/I2. The subsequent reduction with a combination of NaBH4 and Pd/C gave meso‐aminosubporphyrinatoboron(III). meso‐Nitro‐ and meso‐amino‐groups significantly influenced the electronic properties of subporphyrin, which has been confirmed by NMR and UV/Vis spectra, electrochemical analysis, and DFT calculations. Oxidation of meso‐aminosubporphyrinatoboron(III)s with PbO2 cleanly gave meso‐to‐meso azosubporphyrinatoboron(III)s that exhibited almost coplanar conformations and large electronic interaction through the azo‐bridge.
High throughput, colorimetric screening of microbial ester biosynthesis reveals high ethyl acetate production from Kluyveromyces marxianus on C5, C6, and C12 carbon sources
Authors: Löbs Ann‐Kathrin , Lin Jyun‐Liang , Cook Megan , Wheeldon Ian
Published: August 2016

Advances in genome and metabolic pathway engineering have enabled large combinatorial libraries of mutant microbial hosts for chemical biosynthesis. Despite these advances, strain development is often limited by the lack of high throughput functional assays for effective library screening. Recent synthetic biology efforts have engineered microbes that synthesize acetyl and acyl esters and many yeasts naturally produce esters to significant titers. Short and medium chain volatile esters have value as fragrance and flavor compounds, while long chain acyl esters are potential replacements for diesel fuel. Here, we developed a biotechnology method for the rapid screening of microbial ester biosynthesis. Using a colorimetric reaction scheme, esters extracted from fermentation broth were quantitatively converted to a ferric hydroxamate complex with strong absorbance at 520 nm. The assay was validated for ethyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, and ethyl octanoate, and achieved a z‐factor of 0.77. Screening of ethyl acetate production from a combinatorial library of four Kluyveromyces marxianus strains on seven carbon sources revealed ethyl acetate biosynthesis from C5, C6, and C12 sugars. This newly adapted method rapidly identified novel properties of K. marxianus metabolism and promises to advance high throughput microbial strain engineering for ester biosynthesis.
A thioacidolysis method tailored for higher‐throughput quantitative analysis of lignin monomers
Authors: Harman‐Ware Anne E. , Foster Cliff , Happs Renee M. , Doeppke Crissa , Meunier Kristoffer , Gehan Jackson , Yue Fengxia , Lu Fachuang , Davis Mark F.
Published: August 2016

Thioacidolysis is a method used to measure the relative content of lignin monomers bound by β‐O‐4 linkages. Current thioacidolysis methods are low‐throughput as they require tedious steps for reaction product concentration prior to analysis using standard GC methods. A quantitative thioacidolysis method that is accessible with general laboratory equipment and uses a non‐chlorinated organic solvent and is tailored for higher‐throughput analysis is reported. The method utilizes lignin arylglycerol monomer standards for calibration, requires 1–2 mg of biomass per assay and has been quantified using fast‐GC techniques including a Low Thermal Mass Modular Accelerated Column Heater (LTM MACH). Cumbersome steps, including standard purification, sample concentrating and drying have been eliminated to help aid in consecutive day‐to‐day analyses needed to sustain a high sample throughput for large screening experiments without the loss of quantitation accuracy. The method reported in this manuscript has been quantitatively validated against a commonly used thioacidolysis method and across two different research sites with three common biomass varieties to represent hardwoods, softwoods, and grasses.
In vitro effect of clarithromycin and alginate lyase against helicobacter pylori biofilm
Authors: Bugli F. , Palmieri V. , Torelli R. , Papi M. , De Spirito M. , Cacaci M. , Galgano S. , Masucci L. , Paroni Sterbini F. , Vella A. , Graffeo R. , Posteraro B. , Sanguinetti M.
Published: August 2016

It is now established that the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori has the ability to form biofilms in vitro as well as on the human gastric mucosa. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of Clarithromycin on H. pylori biofilm and to enhance the effects of this antibiotic by combining it with Alginate Lyase, an enzyme degrading the polysaccharides present in the extracellular polymeric matrix forming the biofilm. We evaluated the Clarithromycin minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) on in vitro preformed biofilm of a H. pylori. Then the synergic effect of Clarithromycin and Alginate Lyase treatment has been quantified by using the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index, measured by checkerboard microdilution assay. To clarify the mechanisms behind the effectiveness of this antibiofilm therapeutic combination, we used Atomic Force Microscopy to analyze modifications of bacterial morphology, percentage of bacillary or coccoid shaped bacteria cells and to quantify biofilm properties. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:1584–1591, 2016
Myosin light chain kinase steady‐state kinetics: comparison of smooth muscle myosin II and nonmuscle myosin IIB as substrates
Authors: Alcala Diego B. , Haldeman Brian D. , Brizendine Richard K. , Krenc Agata K. , Baker Josh E. , Rock Ronald S. , Cremo Christine R.
Published: August 2016

Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) phosphorylates S19 of the myosin regulatory light chain (RLC), which is required to activate myosin's ATPase activity and contraction. Smooth muscles are known to display plasticity in response to factors such as inflammation, developmental stage, or stress, which lead to differential expression of nonmuscle and smooth muscle isoforms. Here, we compare steady‐state kinetics parameters for phosphorylation of different MLCK substrates: (1) nonmuscle RLC, (2) smooth muscle RLC, and heavy meromyosin subfragments of (3) nonmuscle myosin IIB, and (4) smooth muscle myosin II. We show that MLCK has a ~2‐fold higher kcat for both smooth muscle myosin II substrates compared with nonmuscle myosin IIB substrates, whereas Km values were very similar. Myosin light chain kinase has a 1.6‐fold and 1.5‐fold higher specificity (kcat/Km) for smooth versus nonmuscle‐free RLC and heavy meromyosin, respectively, suggesting that differences in specificity are dictated by RLC sequences. Of the 10 non‐identical RLC residues, we ruled out 7 as possible underlying causes of different MLCK kinetics. The remaining 3 residues were found to be surface exposed in the N‐terminal half of the RLC, consistent with their importance in substrate recognition. These data are consistent with prior deletion/chimera studies and significantly add to understanding of MLCK myosin interactions.

Significance of the study

Phosphorylation of nonmuscle and smooth muscle myosin by myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is required for activation of myosin's ATPase activity. In smooth muscles, nonmuscle myosin coexists with smooth muscle myosin, but the two myosins have very different chemo‐mechanical properties relating to their ability to maintain force. Differences in specificity of MLCK for different myosin isoforms had not been previously investigated. We show that the MLCK prefers smooth muscle myosin by a significant factor. These data suggest that nonmuscle myosin is phosphorylated more slowly than smooth muscle myosin during a contraction cycle.
Cost‐effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention with cobalt‐chromium everolimus eluting stents versus bare metal stents: Results from a patient level meta‐analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Ferko Nicole , Ferrante Giuseppe , Hasegawa James T. , Schikorr Tanya , Soleas Ireena M. , Hernandez John B. , Sabaté Manel , Kaiser Christoph , Brugaletta Salvatore , de la Torre Hernandez Jose Maria , Galatius Soeren , Cequier Angel , Eberli Franz , de Belder Adam , Serruys Patrick W. , Valgimigli Marco
Published: August 2016

Background

Second‐generation drug eluting stents (DES) may reduce costs and improve clinical outcomes compared to first‐generation DES with improved cost‐effectiveness when compared to bare metal stents (BMS). We aimed to conduct an economic evaluation of a cobalt‐chromium everolimus eluting stent (Co‐Cr EES) compared with BMS in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Objective

To conduct a cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA) of a cobalt‐chromium everolimus eluting stent (Co‐Cr EES) versus BMS in PCI.

Methods

A Markov state transition model with a 2‐year time horizon was applied from a US Medicare setting with patients undergoing PCI with Co‐Cr EES or BMS. Baseline characteristics, treatment effects, and safety measures were taken from a patient level meta‐analysis of 5 RCTs (n = 4,896). The base‐case analysis evaluated stent‐related outcomes; a secondary analysis considered the broader set of outcomes reported in the meta‐analysis.

Results

The base‐case and secondary analyses reported an additional 0.018 and 0.013 quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) and cost savings of $236 and $288, respectively with Co‐Cr EES versus BMS. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses and were most sensitive to the price of clopidogrel. In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, Co‐Cr EES was associated with a greater than 99% chance of being cost saving or cost effective (at a cost per QALY threshold of $50,000) versus BMS.

Conclusions

Using data from a recent patient level meta‐analysis and contemporary cost data, this analysis found that PCI with Co‐Cr EES is more effective and less costly than PCI with BMS. © 2016 The Authors. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enzymatic Cleavage of Aryl Acetates
Authors: Bauch Marcel , Böttcher Dominique , Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Linker Torsten
Published: August 2016

Seven enzymes have been screened for the cleavage of aryl acetates. Phenyl and naphthyl acetates react with lipases and esterases, whereas the sterically demanding anthracene acetate gave a conversion only with porcine liver esterase and esterase 2 from Bacillus subtilis (BS2) . These two enzymes have been employed on a preparative (0.5 mmol) scale and afforded cleavage products in 91 and 94 % yields, even for anthracene acetate. Thus, this method is superior to chemical cleavage with catalytic amounts of sodium methoxide (Zemplén conditions), which gave only low conversions. Finally, regioselectivity has been achieved with an anthracene bisacetate, in which an ethyl group controls the cleavage of the first acetate. This indicates that steric interactions play a crucial role in the enzymatic cleavage of aryl acetates, which might be interesting for future applications or the development of enzyme inhibitors.
How to Switch Spin‐Crossover Metal Complexes at Constant Room Temperature
Authors: Khusniyarov Marat M.
Published: August 2016

Spin‐crossover metal complexes represent a highly promising class of molecular switches, the diverse physicochemical properties of which can be reversibly changed by different physical and chemical stimuli. One of the most interesting and examined features of these materials is the change of magnetic properties by changing the temperature or by irradiation with light at low temperatures. However, most prospective applications of such complexes require functioning at room temperature. This Concept article provides an overview about how the switching of spin‐crossover metal complexes can be achieved at constant room temperature. The principles of switching by different physical and chemical methods in solution and in the solid state are presented in an easy‐to‐read form for nonspecialists. These are further supported and clarified by examples from the literature. The overview might also be interesting for experts that target spin‐crossover systems functioning at ambient conditions.
Self‐Assembly of Proteins: Towards Supramolecular Materials
Authors: Yang Liulin , Liu Aijie , Cao Shuqin , Putri Rindia M. , Jonkheijm Pascal , Cornelissen Jeroen J. L. M.
Published: August 2016

The study of protein self‐assembly has attracted great interest over the decades, due to the important role that proteins play in life. In contrast to the major achievements that have been made in the fields of DNA origami, RNA, and synthetic peptides, methods for the design of self‐assembling proteins have progressed more slowly. This Concept article provides a brief overview of studies on native protein and artificial scaffold assemblies and highlights advances in designing self‐assembling proteins. The discussions are focused on design strategies for self‐assembling proteins, including protein fusion, chemical conjugation, supramolecular, and computational‐aided de novo design.
Addition of Isocyanides to Tetramesityldigermene: A Comparison of the Reactivity between Surface and Molecular Digermenes
Authors: Tashkandi Nada Y. , Cook Emily E. , Bourque Jeremy L. , Baines Kim M.
Published: August 2016

The reaction of benzyl isocyanide, tert‐butyl isocyanide, and 2,6‐dimethylphenyl isocyanide with tetramesityldigermene (Mes2Ge=GeMes2) was examined. Whereas the addition of benzyl isocyanide gave the C−NC activation product, Mes2Ge(CH2Ph)Ge(CN)Mes2, tert‐butyl isocyanide, and 2,6‐dimethylphenyl isocyanide did not give stable adducts, rather the rate of conversion of the digermene to the corresponding cyclotrigermane was accelerated. A comparison between the reactivity of the isocyanides with Mes2Ge=GeMes2 and the Ge(100)‐2×1 surface was made and some insights into the surface chemistry are offered.
α,β‐Unsaturated Gold(I) Carbenes by Tandem Cyclization and 1,5‐Alkoxy Migration of 1,6‐Enynes: Mechanisms and Applications
Authors: Calleja Pilar , Pablo Óscar , Ranieri Beatrice , Gaydou Morgane , Pitaval Anthony , Moreno María , Raducan Mihai , Echavarren Antonio M.
Published: August 2016

1,6‐Enynes bearing OR groups at the propargyl position generate α,β‐unsaturated gold(I)‐carbenes/ gold(I) stabilized allyl cations that can be trapped by alkenes to form cyclopropanes or 1,3‐diketones to give products of α‐alkylation. The best migrating group is p‐nitrophenyl ether, which leads to the corresponding products without racemization. Thus, an improved formal synthesis of (+)‐schisanwilsonene A has been accomplished. The different competitive reaction pathways have been delineated computationally.
ChemInform Abstract: Study of Luminescence of Mn‐Doped CaB4O7 Prepared by Wet Chemical Method.
Authors: Oguz K. F. , Ekdal E. , Aslani M. A. A. , Canimoglu A. , Garcia Guinea J. , Can N. , Karali T.
Published: August 2016

Mn‐doped CaB4O7 is prepared from aqueous solutions of CaCl2, boric acid, and MnCl2 (20 °C, 3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Magnetic Properties of Spin‐1/2 Layered Ferrimagnet Bi2Cu5B4O14.
Authors: Arjun U. , Ramakrishnan V. , Nath R.
Published: August 2016

Polycrystalline Bi2Cu5B4O14 is prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Bi2O3, CuO, and H3BO3 under an Ar stream (680 °C, 60 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Permanent Magnet Properties of Zr1‐xRxFe10Si2 Alloys with R: Y, La, Ce, Pr and Sm.
Authors: Gabay A. M. , Cabassi R. , Fabbrici S. , Albertini F. , Hadjipanayis G. C.
Published: August 2016

(Zr0.7Ln0.3) 1.1Fe10Si2 (Ln: Y, Ce, Pr, Sm) alloys are prepared by arc melting and subsequent melt spinning.
ChemInform Abstract: The Search for Room Temperature Tetragonal Phases of Fe—Mn—Ga: A Reactive Crucible Melting Approach.
Authors: Ener Semih , Kroder Johannes , Skokov Konstantin P. , Gutfleisch Oliver
Published: August 2016

The reactive crucible melting technique is used as a rapid bulk screening method in the search for new permanent magnetic materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Strong Broensted Acid Promoted Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Isoquinolines and Quinolines Catalyzed by a Rh—Thiourea Chiral Phosphine Complex via Anion Binding.
Authors: Wen Jialin , Tan Renchang , Liu Shaodong , Zhao Qingyang , Zhang Xumu
Published: August 2016

The activation of the N‐heteroaromatic substrates with HCl introduces anion binding into the catalytic system and is crucial for this reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium(III)‐Bis(imidazolinyl)phenyl Catalysts for Enantioselective C—H Functionalization with Ethyl Diazoacetate.
Authors: Blakey S. B. , et al.
Published: August 2016

A new family of iridium complexes is developed, capable of mediating selective intermolecular functionalization of ethereal C—H bonds with the prototypical acceptor‐only carbene precursor ethyl diazoacetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoarrayed CF3‐Substituted 1,3‐Diols by Dynamic Kinetic Resolution: Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation.
Authors: Cotman Andrej Emanuel , Cahard Dominique , Mohar Barbara
Published: August 2016

CF3‐substituted 1,3‐diols are stereoselectively prepared in excellent enantiopurity and high yield from CF3‐substituted diketones by using an ansa‐ruthenium(II)‐catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation in formic acid/triethylamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Diethylzinc to Acyclic Enones with Chiral Sulfoxide—Phosphine Ligands.
Authors: Yang Tingting , Zhang Yongling , Cao Peng , Wang Min , Li Li , Li Dong , Liao Jian
Published: August 2016

The enantioselective conjugate addition of diethylzinc to enones (I) leads to ketones (III) in low to moderate yields and with good to high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Chemical Transformations of 6‐Methylchromone‐3‐carbonitrile under Nucleophilic Conditions.
Authors: Ibrahim Magdy A. , El‐Gohary Nasser M.
Published: August 2016

The reaction of the title chromone (I) with malononitrile dimer and cyanoacetohydrazide gives the unexpected chromenopyridine and benzoxozinecarbohydrazide, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxymalonic Acid Derivatives via Tandem Oxidation and Rearrangement by Photo Organic Catalysis.
Authors: Okada Akifumi , Nagasawa Yoshitomo , Yamaguchi Tomoaki , Yamaguchi Eiji , Tada Norihiro , Miura Tsuyoshi , Itoh Akichika
Published: August 2016

β‐Oxoesters or ‐amides are easily oxidatively converted into the corresponding 2‐hydroxymalonates or 2‐hydroxymalonic acid ester amides by varying the base using visible light irradiation with fluorescent lamps.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Synthesis of Chiral Dialkylamines with α,α‐Difluoroethers Fragments
Authors: Zasukha Sergiy V. , Novak Olga V. , Guzyr Olexandr I. , Shermolovich Yuriy G.
Published: August 2016

starting from N‐trimethylsilyl derivatives of α‐aminoacid esters using sulfur tetrafluoride as fluorine source
ChemInform Abstract: Dual Palladium(II)/Tertiary Amine Catalysis for Asymmetric Regioselective Rearrangements of Allylic Carbamates.
Authors: Bauer Johannes Moritz , Frey Wolfgang , Peters Rene
Published: August 2016

An enantioselective method is described that transforms achiral allylic alcohols and N‐tosylisocyanate in a single step into highly enantioenriched N‐tosyl protected allylic amines via an allylic carbamate intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Dienamine‐Catalyzed Nitrone Formation via Redox Reaction.
Authors: Fraboni Americo J. , Brenner‐Moyer Stacey E.
Published: August 2016

The direct introduction of a nitrone functionality onto aldehyde substrates proceeds by an unprecedented oxidation of enals (I) via dienamine catalysis, thereby reducing an equivalent of nitrosobenzene.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mixed‐Ligand Chiral Rhodium(II) Catalyst Enables the Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Piperarborenine B.
Authors: Panish Robert A. , Chintala Srinivasa R. , Fox Joseph M.
Published: August 2016

A novel mixed‐ligand chiral rhodium(II) catalyst enables the first enantioselective total synthesis of the natural product piperarborenine B (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Coupling of Alkynes with α‐Bromo Carbonyl Compounds: An Efficient Approach Towards β,γ‐Alkynoates and Allenoates.
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Chen Zhengwang , Li Lu , Wang Haining , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: August 2016

A direct, transition‐metal‐free coupling between alkynes and α‐bromo carbonyl compounds using ultraviolet (UV) light in aqueous media is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Nitro Reduction and Hydroamination Using a Single Iron Catalyst.
Authors: Zhu Kailong , Shaver Michael P. , Thomas Stephen P.
Published: August 2016

The reduction and reductive addition (formal hydroamination) of functionalized nitroarenes is carried out in the presence of a silane and a bench‐stable iron catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Aminomethylamination of Conjugated Dienes with Aminals Enabled by Chiral Palladium Complex‐Catalyzed C—N Bond Activation.
Authors: Liu Yang , Xie Yinjun , Wang Hongli , Huang Hanmin
Published: August 2016

Enantiomerically pure allylic 1,3‐diamines are prepared with high regioselectivity involving a Pd‐catalyzed cascade C—N bond activation, aminomethylation, and asymmetric allylic amination reaction under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkyne Difunctionalization by Dual Gold/Photoredox Catalysis.
Authors: Tlahuext‐Aca Adrian , Hopkinson Matthew N. , Garza‐Sanchez R. Aleyda , Glorius Frank
Published: August 2016

A selective tandem nucleophilic addition/cross‐coupling reaction of alkynes using visible‐light‐promoted dual gold/photoredox catalysis is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Iodine Mediated Oxidative Coupling of Enol Acetates with Sodium Sulfinates Leading to β‐Keto Sulfones.
Authors: Yadav Vinod K. , Srivastava Vishnu P. , Yadav Lal Dhar S.
Published: August 2016

A novel protocol for a direct one‐pot synthesis of β‐keto sulfones is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Trifluoromethylthiolating Lactonization Catalyzed by an Indane‐Based Chiral Sulfide.
Authors: Liu Xiang , An Rui , Zhang Xuelin , Luo Jie , Zhao Xiaodan
Published: August 2016

This approach to enantioselective trifluoromethylthiolating lactonization of alkenes relies on utilization of a shelf‐stable electrophilic SCF3 reagent and an indane‐based bifunctional chiral sulfide catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Carboetherification of Dihydrofurans.
Authors: Borrajo‐Calleja Gustavo M. , Bizet Vincent , Mazet Clement
Published: August 2016

This unprecedented, general, and enantioselective Pd‐catalyzed syn‐carboetherification of dihydrofurans provides easy access to stereochemically complex fused furobenzofurans of synthetical relevance.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Ugi Reaction by Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of the Primary Multicomponent Adduct.
Authors: Zhang Yun , Ao Yu‐Fei , Huang Zhi‐Tang , Wang De‐Xian , Wang Mei‐Xiang , Zhu Jieping
Published: August 2016

Reaction of isonitriles with 3‐(arylamino)isobenzofuran‐1(3H)‐ones in the presence of a catalytic amount of an octahydro (R)‐binol‐derived chiral phosphoric acid affords 3‐oxo‐2‐arylisoindoline‐1‐carboxamides in high yields with good to high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular 1,5‐H Transfer Reaction of Aryl Iodides Through Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis: A Concise Method for the Synthesis of Natural Product Scaffolds.
Authors: Chen Jian‐Qiang , Wei Yun‐Long , Xu Guo‐Qiang , Liang Yong‐Min , Xu Peng‐Fei
Published: August 2016

Compounds (IId) and (IIj) are precursors in the syntheses of physovenine (VII) and coerulescine (VIII), resp.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Late‐Stage Monoacetoxylation and Monoiodination of 4‐Alkyl‐1,5‐diaryl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxylates via Direct Csp2—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Fan Xue‐Min , Guo Ying , Li Yu‐Dan , Yu Kun‐Kun , Liu Hong‐Wei , Liao Dao‐Hua , Ji Ya‐Fei
Published: August 2016

The C—O and C—I bond forming protocols proceed with excellent site‐selectivity and lead exclusively to monoacetoxylated and monoiodinated products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Highly Substituted 4‐Iodopyrazole N‐Oxides and Pyrazoles from Propargylamines.
Authors: Unnava Ramanjaneyulu , Deka Manash J. , Saikia Anil K.
Published: August 2016

The reaction of propargylic amines with NaNO2 in AcOH to give N‐nitrosamines, followed by activation of the alkyne by I2 and subsequent 5‐endo‐dig cyclization efficiently provides 4‐iodopyrazole N‐oxides.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxazolo[5,4‐d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidines as a New Class of Heterocyclic Compounds.
Authors: Akbarzadeh Marzieh , Bakavoli Mehdi , Eshghi Hossein , Shiri Ali
Published: August 2016

The oxazolopyrimidine ring formation is carried out through treatment of aminopyrimidine (I) with various carboxylic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Chiral Benzimidazolium Salts and the Application in Asymmetric Catalytic Borylation.
Authors: Sun Zhihua , Zhou Jie , Liu Xiaohui
Published: August 2016

Various chiral benzimidazolium salts are synthesized by a multistep procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel(0)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Reductive Coupling of Alkenes and Aldehydes or Ketones with Hydrosilanes.
Authors: Hayashi Yukari , Hoshimoto Yoichi , Kumar Ravindra , Ohashi Masato , Ogoshi Sensuke
Published: August 2016

The reaction proceeds with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed ortho‐Arylation of Carbamate‐Protected Estrogens.
Authors: Bedford Robin B. , Brenner Peter B. , Durrant Steven J. , Gallagher Timothy , Mendez‐Galvez Carolina , Montgomery Michelle
Published: August 2016

Removal of the carbamate directing group is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Flavonoids from Derris eriocarpa How.
Authors: Lou Hua‐Yong , Wu Hong‐Guo , Tan Yong‐Hua , Lan Jun‐Jie , Ma Xiao‐Pan , Liang Guang‐Yi , Yi Ping , Pan Wei‐Dong
Published: August 2016

isolation and structure elucidation of two new flavonoids (I) and (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Materials Based on 3D Metal Phosphonates
Authors: Bao Song‐Song , Zheng Li‐Min
Published: August 2016

Review: 162 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyether Complexes of Groups 13 and 14
Authors: Swidan Ala'aeddeen , Macdonald Charles L. B.
Published: August 2016

Review: notable aspects of the chemistry of polyether complexes of group 13 and 14 elements; 191 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Widely Accepted Concepts in Coordination Chemistry to Inverted Ligand Fields
Authors: Hoffmann Roald , Alvarez Santiago , Mealli Carlo , Falceto Andres , Cahill Thomas J. , Zeng Tao , Manca Gabriele
Published: August 2016

Review: 125 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyanohydrins Catalyzed by Hydroxynitrile Lyases — A Review
Authors: Bracco Paula , Busch Hanna , von Langermann Jan , Hanefeld Ulf
Published: August 2016

Review: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Sulfones
Authors: Liu Nai‐Wei , Liang Shuai , Manolikakes Georg
Published: August 2016

Review: [204 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino‐Ring Opening‐Cyclization (DROC) of Donor—Acceptor (DA) Cyclopropanes
Authors: Talukdar Ranadeep , Saha Amrita , Ghorai Manas K.
Published: August 2016

Review: [28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Protein‐Nanoparticle Interaction‐Induced Changes in Protein Structure and Aggregation
Authors: Kim Yuna , Ko Sung Min , Nam Jwa‐Min
Published: August 2016

Review: [37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in the Application of Silicon and Germanium Nanowires for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kennedy Tadhg , Brandon Michael , Ryan Kevin M.
Published: August 2016

Review: [56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Mechanochemical Materials Synthesis by Extrusion
Authors: Crawford Deborah E. , Casaban Jose
Published: August 2016

Review: [63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Circular Economy Design Considerations for Research and Process Development in the Chemical Sciences
Authors: Clark James H. , Farmer Thomas J. , Herrero‐Davila Lorenzo , Sherwood James
Published: August 2016

Review: [195 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Soluble and Solid Supported Keggin Heteropolyacids as Catalysts in Reactions for Biodiesel Production: Challenges and Recent Advances
Authors: Da Silva Marcio J. , Liberto Natalia A.
Published: August 2016

Review: 93 refs.
Optical Modulation of Azobenzene‐Modified Peptide for Gold Surface Binding
Authors: Slocik Joseph M. , Kuang Zhifeng , Knecht Marc R. , Naik Rajesh R.
Published: August 2016

The ability to precisely and remotely modulate reversible binding interactions between biomolecules and abiotic surfaces is appealing for many applications. To achieve this level of control, an azobenzene‐based optical switch is added to nanoparticle‐binding peptides in order to switch peptide conformation and attenuate binding affinity to gold surfaces via binding and dissociation of peptides.
Spectroelectrochemical Investigation of the One‐Electron Reduction of Nonplanar Nickel(II) Porphyrins
Authors: Schindler Julian , Kupfer Stephan , Zedler Linda , Wächtler Maria , Gräfe Stefanie , Ryan Aoife A. , Senge Mathias O. , Dietzek Benjamin
Published: August 2016

The electrochemical reduction of a series of nickel porphyrins with an increasing number of substituents was investigated in acetonitrile. A one‐electron reduction of [5,15‐bis(1‐ethylpropyl)porphyrinato]nickel(II) leads to π‐anion radicals and to efficient formation of phlorin anions, presumably by disproportionation and subsequent protonation of the doubly reduced species. The phlorin anion was identified by using cyclic voltammetry and UV/Vis and resonance Raman spectroelectrochemistry, complemented by quantum‐chemical calculations to assign the spectral signatures. The theoretical analysis of the potential‐energy landscape of the singly reduced species suggests a thermally activated intersystem crossing that populates the quartet state and thus lowers the energy barrier towards disproportionation channels. Structure–reactivity correlations are investigated by considering different substitution patterns of the investigated nickel(II) porphyrin cores, that is, for the porphyrin with additional β‐aryl ([5,15‐bis(1‐ethylpropyl)‐2,8,12,18‐tetra(p‐tolyl)porphyrinato]nickel(II)) and meso‐alkyl substitution ([5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(1‐ethylpropyl)porphyrinato]nickel(II)), no phlorin anion formation was observed under electrochemical conditions. This observation is correlated either to kinetic inhibition of the disproportionation reaction or to lower reactivity of the subsequently formed doubly reduced species towards protonation.
Cytologic findings following intraoperative use of FlosealR hemostatic matrix: A potential diagnostic pitfall in fluid aspiration cytology
Authors: Barroeta Julieta E. , Lhospital Elliott , Smith Eugene , Ko Emily M.
Published: August 2016

We report the case of a 62‐year‐old woman who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, and lymph node dissection for endometrial endometrioid carcinoma FIGO grade 1. Cytologic examination of the pelvic washing specimen showed an acellular matrix with frayed edges and cracking artifact. Upon investigation, it became apparent that this could represent hemostatic matrix FlosealR that had been used intraoperatively at the lymphadenectomy site. Laboratory replication of the cytologic findings with a FlosealR sample confirmed it. This is the first reported case of FlosealR in pelvic washing cytology and represents a potential diagnostic pitfall. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:1117–1119. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does the interpersonal–Psychological theory of suicide provide a useful framework for understanding suicide risk among eating disorder patients? A test of the validity of the IPTS
Authors: Smith April R. , Dodd Dorian R. , Forrest Lauren N. , Witte Tracy K. , Bodell Lindsay , Ribeiro Jessica D. , Goodwin Natalie , Siegfried Nicole , Bartlett Mary
Published: August 2016

Objective

The current study tested whether the Interpersonal–Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) provides a useful framework for understanding elevated suicide rates among individuals with eating disorders (EDs).

Method

Based on predictions of the IPTS, we tested whether the combination of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness was associated with suicidal desire, and whether the combination of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and fearlessness about death was associated with past suicide attempts in an ED sample (n = 100). We also compared these IPTS constructs in an ED sample versus general psychiatric inpatients (n = 85) and college students (i.e., non‐clinical comparison group; n = 93).

Results

Within the ED sample, no hypothesized interactions were found, but perceived burdensomeness was associated with suicidal desire, and perceived burdensomeness and fearlessness about death were associated with past suicide attempts. The ED and psychiatric samples had greater thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and suicidal desire than the non‐clinical comparison group.

Discussion

The IPTS constructs of perceived burdensomeness and fearlessness about death appear to explain some facets of suicidality among people with EDs, but overall, support for the IPTS was limited. Future research on EDs and suicidality should look beyond the IPTS and consider other biological and sociocultural factors for suicide. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:1082–1086)
Olefin/Paraffin Separation Potential of ZIF‐9 and ZIF‐71: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Bendt Stephan , Hovestadt Maximilian , Böhme Ulrike , Paula Carolin , Döpken Merle , Hartmann Martin , Keil Frerich J.
Published: August 2016

Two zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, ZIF‐9 and ZIF‐71, are evaluated by adsorption experiments and molecular simulations with respect to their potential towards olefin/paraffin separation. Pure component adsorption isotherms are measured and compared to grand‐canonical Monte–Carlo (GCMC) simulations. The experiments show that the adsorption of the paraffin is favorable over the olefin in both structures. Whereas the isotherms are predicted well by simulations for ZIF‐71, in case of ZIF‐9 only the saturation loading could be computed accurately because the latter material seems to undergo a so‐called gate‐opening effect upon adsorption of guest molecules; ZIF‐71 does not show this effect. Both structures show promising results with respect to olefin/paraffin separation.
Dyads and Triads Based on Phenothiazine, Bis(terpyridine)ruthenium(II) Complexes, and Fullerene
Authors: Barthelmes Kevin , Winter Andreas , Schubert Ulrich S.
Published: August 2016

We report the modular synthesis of donor–photosensitizer–bridge–acceptor (D–P–B–A) triads and D–P dyads for the formation of photoinduced charge‐separated species. The structures are based on a phenothiazine unit (D), a bis(terpyridine) [bis(tpy)] ruthenium(II) complex (P), several phenylene(ethynylene)‐type spacer units (B), and a pyrrolidino[60]fullerene entity (A). The donor–acceptor distance is between 18 and 37 Å and was varied by four different bridging units. The photophysical and electrochemical characterization revealed certain interactions between the active moieties in the ground and the excited state. In particular, a reduced ruthenium‐based emission in the triads indicates the occurrence of a quenching process mediated by the fullerene entity. Strong electrostatic interactions between the ruthenium(II) complex and the pyrrolidino[60]fullerene have been observed for the shortest triad, resulting in the strongest electron‐accepting pyrrolidino[60]fullerene unit in the series.
Enhanced ethernet congestion management scheme for multicast traffic
Authors: Mliki Hela , Chaari Lamia , Kamoun Lotfi , Cousin Bernard
Published: August 2016

The Quantized Congestion Notification (QCN) is a Layer 2 congestion control scheme for Carrier Ethernet data center networks. The QCN has been standardised as an IEEE 802.1Qau Ethernet Congestion Notification standard. This paper report a results of a QCN study with multicast traffic and proposes an enhancement to the QCN. In fact, in order to be able to scale up, the feedback implosion problem has to be solved. Therefore, we resorted to the representative technique, which uses a selected congestion point (i.e. the overloaded queue in a switch), to provide timely and accurate feedback on behalf of the congested switches in the path of multicast traffic. This paper evaluates the rate variation, the feedback overhead, the loss rate, the stability, the fairness and the scalability performance of the standard QCN with multicast traffic and the enhanced QCN for multicast traffic. This paper also compares their performance criteria. The evaluation results show that the enhanced proposition of the QCN for multicast traffic gives better results than the standard QCN with multicast traffic. Indeed, the feedback implosion problem is settled by decreasing remarkably the feedback rate. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploiting Spillovers to Forecast Crashes
Authors: Gresnigt Francine , Kole Erik , Franses Philip Hans
Published: August 2016

We develop Hawkes models in which events are triggered through self‐excitation as well as cross‐excitation. We examine whether incorporating cross‐excitation improves the forecasts of extremes in asset returns compared to only self‐excitation. The models are applied to US stocks, bonds and dollar exchange rates. We predict the probability of crashes in the series and the value at risk (VaR) over a period that includes the financial crisis of 2008 using a moving window. A Lagrange multiplier test suggests the presence of cross‐excitation for these series. Out‐of‐sample, we find that the models that include spillover effects forecast crashes and the VaR significantly more accurately than the models without these effects. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scanning Electron Microscopic Evidence of Spontaneous Heteropeptide Formation in Abiotic Solutions of Selected α‐Amino Acid Pairs
Authors: Godziek Agnieszka , Maciejowska Anna , Talik Ewa , Sajewicz Mieczysław , Kowalska Teresa
Published: August 2016

Spontaneous nonlinear peptidization of the monomeric and enantiomerically pure α‐amino acids in abiotic aqueous and nonaqueous solutions is still regarded by some as a somewhat puzzling phenomenon, and therefore it needs additional experimental authentication. In our earlier studies, we employed several analytical techniques to prove its occurrence. In this study, we present the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evidence of spontaneous heteropeptide formation in the binary L‐Cys−L‐Phe, L‐Cys−L‐Phg, and L‐Cys−L‐Pro mixtures dissolved in 70 % aqueous methanol. With each α‐amino acid pair, one amino acid (L‐Cys) is equipped with three functionalities (−SH, −NH2, and −COOH), enabling formation of the spherical homopeptide microstructures, while its counterpart (L‐Phe, L‐Phg, or L‐Pro, respectively) is equipped with the two functionalities only (−NH2 or =NH, and −COOH). The SEM micrographs of the peptidization products originating from the three investigated α‐amino acid pairs show three different, yet spherical, structures, which seem suggestive of the heteropeptide formation involving both L‐Cys and its counterpart α‐amino acid. Additional confirmation of heteropeptide formation is furnished by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the biuret test, and mass spectrometry (MS).
Haptic modality takes its time: Dynamic of activations of sensory modalities in perceptual and memory processes
Authors: Dabic Stephanie , Rey Amandine E. , Navarro Jordan , Versace Rémy
Published: August 2016

Based on claims resulting from grounded cognition theory that perceptual and memory processes are using the same distributed systems, the present study investigated the temporal aspect of access to memory traces through haptic and auditory modalities. Unlike in the case of visual or auditory components, the perception of a vibrotactile component is more sequential in nature and therefore cannot be fully processed before the end of the signal. The present study explores the dynamic of components activation in a situation of audio‐vibrotactile asynchrony. We used a short‐term priming paradigm consisting of an association phase (between a vibration and sound) and a test phase testing priming effect of a vibrotactile stimulation on the processing of a target sound. Results showed an interference with a simultaneous processing and a facilitation with a sequential processing. The temporality process of perceptual components is also important at a memory level.
Filter‐based compressed sensing MRI reconstruction
Authors: Wu Ye‐Cun , Du Huiqian , Mei Wenbo
Published: August 2016

Compressed sensing (CS) enables to reconstruct MR images from highly undersampled k‐space data by exploiting the sparsity which is implicit in the images. In this article, an MR image
as a combination of a high‐frequency component
and a low‐frequency component
through a pair of filters has been proposed to express. Since
exhibits a sparser representation in the wavelet transform domain, reconstructing
and
separately yields a better result than reconstructing
directly. Two parameters, normalized sparsity (NS) and power ratio (PR), are defined to design the filters, that is, the high‐pass filter HHP and the low‐pass filter HLP. HHP is applied to pick out high‐frequency k‐space data for the reconstruction of high‐frequency image
; while HLP is used for filtering
, which is reconstructed from the entire undersampled k‐space data to obtain the low‐frequency reconstruction
. Summing
and
leads to the final reconstruction of
. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional CS‐MRI method. It provides 2–4 dB improvement in peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) value and preserves more edges and details in the images. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 26,
173–178, 2016