bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VISUAL PLASTIC EXPRESSIVENESS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE UKRAINIAN THEATRE ART DEVELOPMENT (the 1990s – early 2000s)
Authors: Nуkonenko Ruslan
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the article is to identify the characteristic features of the use of visual plastic expressiveness by the Ukrainian stage directors in the 1990s and the early 2000s based on art review of theatrical productions of avant-garde, drama theatres and studio theatres. Research methodology. The typological method is applied to identify influence factors of the actualization of visual plastic expressiveness; due to the semiotic method the means of plastic expressiveness are considered according to the theory of signs and sign systems as artistic and aesthetic symbols that carry generalized sense information; art review method was used to identify the main features of using plastic expressive means by the Ukrainian theatre directors. Research Novelty. For the first time in domestic art studies, the problems of visual plastic expressiveness in the works of the Ukrainian directors of avant-garde, drama theatres and studio theatres in the 1990s and the early 2000s were studied; art review of theatrical stage production of V. Bilchenko, V. Troitskyi and A. Zholdak identified the individual features of the use of plastic expressive means by the Ukrainian theatre directors with the aim of revealing sense and meaning content of stage works. Conclusions. The study showed that in the Ukrainian theatre art of the late 20th – early 21st centuries directorial search in the field of visual plastic expressiveness was manifested primarily in the context of the active integration of various plastic elements as an addition to the verbal structure of the stage production and/or its replacement at certain moments of the stage action, in accordance with the author’s vision, in order to enhance the sense and meaning loading of the work. The correlation of expression and image in the modern Ukrainian theatre art generates innovative approaches to the understanding and mastering of plastic art.
HIGHLIGHTS ON THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CHROMATOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE ART OF HAIRDRESSING
Authors: Savitska Olena
Published: September 2020

The development of chromatology as a scientific basis for the art and design practices has been analysed in this article. The purpose of the article is to study chromatology as a complex of scientific knowledge that had been formed for thousands of years and today is a theoretical and practical basis for solving various creative tasks, including the art of hairdressing. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the formation and development of the science of colour as a phenomenon that contains essential information for science and art, including colour design. The historical and comparative, chronologic methods were applied to show the process of the formation and development of the science of colour; to organise and systematize heterogeneous materials – a systematic approach; to examine the contribution of the men of science and art to the development of chromatology – biographical; to compare the historical data – comparative. The scientific novelty of the study is to analyse the impact of the science of colour on the production and creative practice of colouristic hairstyle design. Conclusions. It was found that the science of colour as a scientific knowledge combines the disciplines of the natural sciences and humanities, which is the basis for the modern scientific approach to work with colour, taking into account its optical, colouring and other characteristics. The development of the science of colour has taken place over the centuries, covering the historical epochs of Antiquity, the Renaissance, Modern, Contemporary history, modernity. The contemporary chromatology is based on the combination of knowledge about physical (light) and psycho-physiological (vision, emotion) phenomena, which are reflected in physics, psychology, physiology, cultural studies, and art history. Design, including the art of hairdressing, referring to the results of interdisciplinary research, reflects the high level of modern comprehension of colour and its wide application in hairstyle.
The current challenges of automatic recognition of facial expressions: A systematic review
Authors: Masson Audrey , Cazenave Guillaume , Trombini Julien , Batt Martine
Published: September 2020

In recent years, due to its great economic and social potential, the recognition of facial expressions linked to emotions has become one of the most flourishing applications in the field of artificial intelligence, and has been the subject of many developments. However, despite significant progress, this field is still subject to many theoretical debates and technical challenges. It therefore seems important to make a general inventory of the different lines of research and to present a synthesis of recent results in this field. To this end, we have carried out a systematic review of the literature according to the guidelines of the PRISMA method. A search of 13 documentary databases identified a total of 220 references over the period 2014–2019. After a global presentation of the current systems and their performance, we grouped and analyzed the selected articles in the light of the main problems encountered in the field of automated facial expression recognition. The conclusion of this review highlights the strengths, limitations and main directions for future research in this field.
The effects of clinical pilates exercises on functional disability, pain, quality of life and lumbopelvic stabilization in pregnant women with low back pain: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Sonmezer Emel , Özköslü Manolya Acar , Yosmaoğlu Hayri Baran
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Although the Pilates method has been reported to be effective in women with low back pain (LBP), the efficacy of Pilates exercises in pregnant women with LBP has not been evaluated widely. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of clinical Pilates exercises on lumbopelvic stabilization, pain, disability and quality of life in pregnant women with LBP. METHODS: Fourty pregnant women were randomized into either a Pilates exercise group (n= 20) or control group (n= 20). Subjects in the Pilates exercise group performed the exercises two times a week for eight weeks. Subjects in the control group followed regular prenatal care. Lumbopelvic stabilization was assessed with a pressure biofeedback unit, pain with the Visual Analog Scale, disability with the Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire and quality of life with the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). RESULTS: Pain and disability were significantly improved in the Pilates exercise group after intervention (p= 0.03, p< 0.001, respectively). There were also significant improvements in sleep, physical mobility sub-parameters of NHP and lumbopelvic stabilization after Pilates exercises (p= 0.048, p= 0.007, respectively). However, there were no statistically significant changes in all outcome measures in the control group (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Pilates exercises can be recommended as an effective and safe method for increasing lumbopelvic stabilization, reducing pain and disability, improving physical mobility and sleep problems in pregnant women with LBP.
An integrative pan-cancer analysis of COPB1 based on data mining
Authors: Chen Heyan , Li Kunlong , Li Yijun , Xie Peilin , He Jianjun , Zhang Huimin
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Cancer will become the leading cause of death worldwide in the 21st century, meanwhile, immunotherapy is the most popular cancer treatment method in recent years. COPI Coat Complex Subunit Beta 1 (COPB1) relates to human innate immunity. However, the role of COPB1 in pan-cancer remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between COPB1 mRNA expression and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and immune examination sites in pan-cancer. METHODS: Data from multiple online databases were collected. The BioGPS, UALCAN Database, COSMIC, cBioPortal, Cancer Regulome tools, Kaplan-Meier Plotter and TIMER website were utilized to perform the analysis. RESULTS: Upregulation of COPB1 has been widely observed in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. Although COPB1 has poor prognosis in pan-cancer, COPB1 high expression was beneficial to the survival of ESCA patients. Unlike ESCA, COPB1 expression in STAD was positively correlated with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Finally, we also found that the expression of COPB1 in STAD was positively correlated with PD-L1 and CTLA4. CONCLUSIONS: COPB1 may be a prognostic biomarker for pan-carcinoma, and also provide an immune anti-tumor strategy for STAD based on the expression of COPB1.
Overexpression of HSP10 correlates with HSP60 and Mcl-1 levels and predicts poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Tang Yaoxiang , Yang Yang , Luo Jiadi , Liu Sile , Zhan Yuting , Zang Hongjing , Zheng Hongmei , Zhang Yuting , Feng Juan , Fan Songqing , Wen Qiuyuan
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: HSP60 and its partner HSP10 are members of heat shock proteins (HSPs) family, which help mitochondrial protein to fold correctly. Mcl-1, a member of the Bcl-2 family, plays a crucial role in regulation of cell apoptosis. Aberrant expression of HSP10, HSP60 and Mcl-1 is involved in the development of many tumors. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between expression of HSP10, HSP60 and Mcl-1 and clinicopathological features of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Tissue microarrays including 53 non-cancerous lung tissues (Non-CLT) and 354 surgically resected NSCLC were stained with anti-HSP10, anti-HSP60 and anti-Mcl-1 antibodies respectively by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Higher expression of HSP10, HSP60 and Mcl-1 was found in NSCLC compared with Non-CLT. Both individual and combined HSP10 and HSP60 expression in patients with clinical stage III was higher than that in stage I ∼ II. Expression of HSP10 showed a positive correlation with HSP60 and Mcl-1. Overall survival time of NSCLC patients was remarkably shorter with elevated expression of HSP10, HSP60 and Mcl-1 alone and in combination. Moreover overexpression of HSP10 and Mcl-1 was poor independent prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma patients. CONCLUSIONS: High expression of HSP10, HSP60 and Mcl-1 might act as novel biomarker of poor prognosis for NSCLC patients.
Using Privacy-Transformed Speech in the Automatic Speech Recognition Acoustic Model Training
Authors: Salimbajevs Askars
Published: September 2020

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) requires huge amounts of real user speech data to reach state-of-the-art performance. However, speech data conveys sensitive speaker attributes like identity that can be inferred and exploited for malicious purposes. Therefore, there is an interest in the collection of anonymized speech data that is processed by some voice conversion method. In this paper, we evaluate one of the voice conversion methods on Latvian speech data and also investigate if privacy-transformed data can be used to improve ASR acoustic models. Results show the effectiveness of voice conversion against state-of-the-art speaker verification models on Latvian speech and the effectiveness of using privacy-transformed data in ASR training.
Intent Detection-Based Lithuanian Chatbot Created via Automatic DNN Hyper-Parameter Optimization
Authors: Kapočiūtė-Dzikienė Jurgita
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we tackle an intent detection problem for the Lithuanian language with the real supervised data. Our main focus is on the enhancement of the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) module, responsible for the comprehension of user’s questions. The NLU model is trained with a properly selected word vectorization type and Deep Neural Network (DNN) classifier. During our experiments, we have experimentally investigated fastText and BERT embeddings. Besides, we have automatically optimized different architectures and hyper-parameters of the following DNN approaches: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The highest accuracy=∼0.715 (∼0.675 and ∼0.625 over random and majority baselines, respectively) was achieved with the CNN classifier applied on a top of BERT embeddings. The detailed error analysis revealed that prediction accuracies degrade for the least covered intents and due to intent ambiguities; therefore, in the future, we are planning to make necessary adjustments to boost the intent detection accuracy for the Lithuanian language even more.
Towards Hybrid Model for Human-Computer Interaction in Latvian
Authors: Skadiņa Inguna , Goško Didzis
Published: September 2020

Human-computer interaction, especially in form of dialogue systems and chatbots, has become extremely popular during the last decade. The dominant approach in the recent development of practical virtual assistants is the application of deep learning techniques. However, in case of less resourced language (or domain), the application of deep learning could be very complicated due to the lack of necessary training data. In this paper, we discuss possibility to apply hybrid approach to dialogue modelling by combining data-driven approach with the knowledge-based approach. Our hypothesis is that by combining different agents (general domain chatbot, frequently asked questions module and goal oriented virtual assistant) into single virtual assistant we can facilitate adequacy and fluency of the conversation. We investigate suitability of different widely used techniques in less resourced settings. We demonstrate feasibility of our approach for morphologically rich less resourced language Latvian through initial virtual assistant prototype for the student service of the University of Latvia.
LVBERT: Transformer-Based Model for Latvian Language Understanding
Authors: Znotiņš Artūrs , Barzdiņš Guntis
Published: September 2020

This paper presents LVBERT – the first publicly available monolingual language model pre-trained for Latvian. We show that LVBERT improves the state-of-the-art for three Latvian NLP tasks including Part-of-Speech tagging, Named Entity Recognition and Universal Dependency parsing. We release LVBERT to facilitate future research and downstream applications for Latvian NLP.
Lessons Learned from Creating a Balanced Corpus from Online Data
Authors: Darģis Roberts , Levāne-Petrova Kristīne , Poikāns Ilmārs
Published: September 2020

This paper describes lessons learned from developing the most recent Balanced Corpus of Modern Latvian (LVK2018) from various online sources. Most of the new corpora are created from data obtained from various text holders, which requires cooperation agreements with each of the text holders. Reaching these cooperation agreements is a difficult and time consuming task and may not be necessary if the resource to be created is not of hundred millions of size. Although there are many different resources available on the Internet today for a particular language, finding viable online resources to create a balanced corpus is still a challenging task. Developing a balanced corpus from various online sources does not require agreements with text holders, but it presents many more technical challenges, including text extraction, cleaning and validation.
Adding Compound Splitting and Analysis to a Semantic Tagger of Modern Standard Finnish – On the Way to FiSTComp
Authors: Kettunen Kimmo
Published: September 2020

This study continues a work in progress for implementing a full-text lexical semantic tagger for Finnish, FiST. The tagger is based on a 46,226 lexeme semantic lexicon of Finnish that was published in 2016 [1]. Kettunen [2], [3] describes the basic working version of FiST. FiST is based on freely available components: the first implementation uses Omorfi and FinnPos for morphological analysis and disambiguation of Finnish words. The current paper describes work with compound splitting for semantic tagging and its effects on the lexical coverage of the tagger. We try out two different approaches to morphological analysis and disambiguation of words for an improved version of FiST, FiSTComp: FinnPos [4], and Turku Dependency Parser [5], [6], UD1. Both these tools disambiguate morphological interpretations of words and provide boundary markings for compounds, but details and granularity of constituent decomposition vary. Our results with two-, three and four-part compounds show that analysis of compounds through their constituents with UD1 may improve the lexical coverage of the tagger with about 6.6 % units at best. Although we are able to proceed in basic problems of compound splitting, the results are still initial and further work is needed as compounds are a complex phenomenon.
Berri Corpus Manager: A Corpus Analysis Tool Using MongoDB Technology
Authors: Sanjurjo-González Hugo
Published: September 2020

Nowadays, there are many options for corpus linguistic analysis that make use of different approaches for corpus storage. There are tools based on SQL databases, dedicated implementations such as CQP/CWB and others that employ plain-text corpora. NoSQL databases have been widely used for big data, data mining and even sentiment analysis. However, as far as we can see, there is a lack of a widespread concordancer or consolidated framework that makes use of MongoDB architecture for the purposes of corpus linguistics. This paper aims to describe the architecture of a software that allows users to analyse monolingual and bilingual parallel corpora with grammatical annotation using MongoDB technology. Our premises are that MongoDB is ideal for non-structured data and provides high flexibility and scalability, so it may be also useful for corpus linguistic research. We analyse functionalities of MongoDB such as text search indexes and query format in order to examine its suitability.
Evaluating Sentence Segmentation and Word Tokenization Systems on Estonian Web Texts
Authors: Sirts Kairit , Peekman Kairit
Published: September 2020

Texts obtained from web are noisy and do not necessarily follow the orthographic sentence and word boundary rules. Thus, sentence segmentation and word tokenization systems that have been developed on well-formed texts might not perform so well on unedited web texts. In this paper, we first describe the manual annotation of sentence boundaries of an Estonian web dataset and then present the evaluation results of three existing sentence segmentation and word tokenization systems on this corpus: EstNLTK, Stanza and UDPipe. While EstNLTK obtains the highest performance compared to other systems on sentence segmentation on this dataset, the sentence segmentation performance of Stanza and UDPipe remains well below the results obtained on the more well-formed Estonian UD test set.
Language Technology Platform for Public Administration
Authors: Skadiņš Raivis , Pinnis Mārcis , Vasiļevskis Artūrs , Vasiļjevs Andrejs , Šics Valters , Rozis Roberts , Lagzdiņš Andis
Published: September 2020

The paper describes the Latvian e-government language technology platform HUGO.LV. It provides an instant translation of text snippets, formatting-rich documents and websites, an online computer-assisted translation tool with a built-in translation memory, a website translation widget, speech recognition and speech synthesis services, a terminology management and publishing portal, language data storage, analytics, and data sharing functionality. The paper describes the motivation for the creation of the platform, its main components, architecture, usage statistics, conclusions, and future developments. Evaluation results of language technology tools integrated in the platform are provided.
COVID-19: Significance of antibodies
Authors: Assadiasl Sara , Fatahi Yousef , Zavvar Mahdi , Nicknam Mohammad Hossein
Published: September 2020

The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently caused pandemic Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Considering the serious medical, economic and social consequences of this pandemic and the lack of definite medication and vaccine it is necessary to describe natural immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 in order to exploit them for treating the patients and monitoring the general population. Moreover, detecting the most immunogenic antigens of the virus is fundamental for designing effective vaccines. Antibodies being valuable for diagnostic therapeutic and protective purposes are suitable to be addressed in this context. Herein, we have summarized the findings of serological investigations and the outcomes of neutralizing antibodies administration in COVID-19 patients.
RETRACTED: The important role of ethical behavior in improving customer loyalty
Authors: Riana I. Gede
Published: September 2020

This article has been retracted, and the online PDF has been watermarked “RETRACTION”. The retraction notice is available at 10.3233/HSM-239004.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Genes Are Associated with Intrinsic Connectivity in Middle Age
Authors: Blujus Jenna Katherine , Korthauer Laura Elizabeth , Awe Elizabeth , Frahmand Marijam , Driscoll Ira
Published: September 2020

Background: It is critical to identify individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) earlier in the disease time course, such as middle age and preferably well prior to the onset of clinical symptoms, when intervention efforts may be more successful. Genome-wide association and candidate gene studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in APOE, CLU, CR1, PICALM, and SORL1 that confer increased risk of AD. Objective: In the current study, we investigated the associations between SNPs in these genes and resting-state functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and executive control network (ECN) in healthy, non-demented middle-aged adults (age 40 –60; N = 123; 74 females). Methods: Resting state networks of interest were identified through independent components analysis using a template-matching procedure and individual spatial maps and time courses were extracted using dual regression. Results: Within the posterior DMN, functional connectivity was associated with CR1 rs1408077 and CLU rs9331888 polymorphisms (p’s < 0.05). FPN connectivity was associated with CR1 rs1408077, CLU rs1136000, SORL1 rs641120, and SORL1 rs689021 (p’s < 0.05). Functional connectivity within the ECN was associated with the CLU rs11136000 (p < 0.05). There were no APOE- or PICALM-related differences in any of the networks investigated (p’s > 0.05). Conclusion: This is the first demonstration of the relationship between intrinsic network connectivity and AD risk alleles in CLU, CR1, and SORL1 in healthy, middle-aged adults. These SNPs should be considered in future investigations aimed at identifying potential preclinical biomarkers for AD.
Association of Occupational Factors and Dementia or Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Liang-Yu , Hu He-Ying , Wang Zuo-Teng , Ma Ya-Hui , Dong Qiang , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai
Published: September 2020

Background: Several existing studies have reported that occupational factors might play an important part in cognitive function with aging. Objective: We aim to explore the associations between modifiable occupational factors and risk of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Adopting random-effect models, this study conducted primary analyses for all occupational factors and subgroup analyses for the effect of occupation type based on prospective cohort and case-control studies searched from PubMed and EMBASE databases up to March 2020. Results: Among the 38,111 identified literatures, 9 studies on occupation type, 4 studies on work complexity, and 30 studies on occupational exposure were included. In terms of occupation type, mental work conferred a 44% reduced risk (95% CI = 0.34–0.94, I² = 85.00%, p < 0.01) for MCI. In terms of work complexity, higher work complexity conferred a 5% reduced risk (95% CI = 0.91–1.00, I² = 57.00%, p < 0.01) for dementia. In terms of occupational exposure, high strain and passive job in the longest-held job conferred a 1.21- and 1.15-fold excess risk (95% CI = 1.05–1.39 I² = 62.00%, p < 0.05; 95% CI = 1.05–1.26 I² = 31.00%, p = 0.23; respectively) of cognitive decline. Besides, magnetic field exposure conferred a 1.26-fold excess risk (95% CI = 1.01–1.57, I² = 69.00%, p < 0.01) for dementia. Conclusion: Novel prevention strategies based on occupational factors may hold promise against dementia and MCI.
Evolution of Acyl-CoA-binding protein gene family in plants provides insights into potential functions of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Dong Zhi-Gang , Liu Hui , Wang Xiao-Long , Tang Jun , Zhu Kai-Kai , Wu Yong-Hui , Chen Xin-Lu , Tang Xiao-Ping , Cheng Zong-Ming (Max)
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Grapevine was one of the most important perennial fruit crops worldwide. Acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) in eudicots and monocots show conservation in an acyl-CoA-binding domain (ACB domain) which binds acyl-CoA esters. OBJECTIVE: The information and data provided in the present study contributes to understand the evolutionary processes and potential functions of this gene family in grapevine growth and development, and responses to abiotic stress. METHODS: Using the complete grapevine genome sequences, we investigated the number grapevine ACBP genes, the exon-intron structure, phylogenetic relationships and synteny with the Arabidopsis ACBP gene family. Furthermore, the expression profiles of VvACBP genes based on public microarray data in different tissues, and the expression patterns responding to different exogenous hormones as well as abiotic and biotic stresses were presented. The qRT-PCR was used to verify the microarray data under drought stress treatments. Finally, the leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content, and enzymatic activities were measured to further examine the tolerance to drought stress in grapevine. RESULTS: The six grapevine ACBPs were identified. Their distribution into various groups differed from Arabidopsis and rice. Synteny analysis demonstrated that several VvACBP genes were found in corresponding syntenic blocks of Arabidopsis, suggesting that these genes arose before the divergence of the respective lineages. Sequence alignment and structural annotation provided an overview of variations that might contribute to functional divergence from Arabidopsis ACBPs. Expressional analyses suggested that both conserved and variant biological functions exist in ACBPs across different species. The expression pattern of these genes were similar in the microarray and qRT-PCR analyses. Gene structure organization and expression characteristics of VvACBPs resembled those of their Arabidopsis orthologous, although species-specific differences also exist. Differential regulation of genes suggested functional diversification among isoforms. The biochemical and physiological data showed the tolerance to drought stress of grapevine. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provided insight into evolution of ACBP gene family in plants and a solid foundation for a deeper understanding of the complex molecular responses of grapevine to stress.
Study on face recognition under unconstrained conditions based on LBP and deep learning
Authors: Zhou Liping , Gao Mingwei , He Chun
Published: September 2020

At present, the correct recognition rate of face recognition algorithm is limited under unconstrained conditions. To solve this problem, a face recognition algorithm based on deep learning under unconstrained conditions is proposed in this paper. The algorithm takes LBP texture feature as the input data of deep network, and trains the network layer by layer greedily to obtain optimized parameters of network, and then uses the trained network to predict the test samples. Experimental results on the face database LFW show that the proposed algorithm has higher correct recognition rate than some traditional algorithms under unconstrained conditions. In order to further verify its effectiveness and universality, this algorithm was also tested in YALE and YALE-B, and achieved a high correct recognition rate as well, which indicated that the deep learning method using LBP texture feature as input data is effective and robust to face recognition.
The Effects of Respiratory Training in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: van de Wetering-van Dongen Veerle A. , Kalf Johanna G. , van der Wees Philip J. , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Nijkrake Maarten J.
Published: September 2020

Background: Signs of respiratory dysfunction can be present already early in the course of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Respiratory training could alleviate this, but its effectiveness is not well understood. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to review the efficacy of different respiratory training interventions in PD. Methods: A search strategy was performed in four databases: PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane Library, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Methodological quality of original full-text articles was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for the controlled trials (CTs). Levels of evidence were rated by the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: Six papers reporting on four randomized controlled trials and another four controlled trials were included. Positive effects were reported for inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST), expiratory muscle strength training (EMST), air stacking, breath-stacking, incentive spirometry and postural training on respiratory muscle strength, swallowing safety, phonatory aspects and chest wall volumes. Best methodological quality was found for breath-stacking and incentive spirometry. Best levels of evidence were found for EMST, IMST and EMST plus air stacking. Conclusion: Respiratory training shows positive effects and should be considered when people with PD experience respiratory dysfunction. Future studies should focus on standardizing both training devices, instruments to measure outcomes and intervention protocols to further increase the level of evidence.
Central pain syndromes
Authors: Hassaballa Deena , Harvey Richard L.
Published: September 2020

The management of pain in persons with neurological injuries is challenging and complex. A holistic view and clinical approach are necessary when addressing pain in patients with neurological impairment because interpreting signs and symptoms and deciphering sources of pain is never a straightforward process. This problem is further magnified with the management of central pain syndromes. The best approach is to have a good understanding of the clinical characteristics commonly found in this patient population, in particular for patients with stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS), or spinal cord injury (SCI), as central pain manifests differently between these groups. This paper will focus on the history, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, assessment, and treatment of central pain in patients with these types of neurological conditions. In addition to being at risk for a decline in quality of life, patients with pain syndromes are also prone to adverse responses to treatments (e.g., opioid addiction). It is therefore important to methodically analyze the similarities and differences between patients with different pain syndromes.
Can cognitive rehabilitation improve attention deficits following stroke? - A Cochrane Review summary with commentary
Authors: Hazelton Christine
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Disorders of attention are common following stroke, reducing quality of life and limiting rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To determine if cognitive rehabilitation can improve attention and functional outcomes in stroke survivors with attentional disorders. METHODS: A summary of the Cochrane Review update by Loetscher et al. 2019, with comments. RESULTS: Six studies with 223 participants were included: this was the same as the previous review (in 2013). Evidence quality was very low to moderate, and results suggest a beneficial impact on divided attention immediately after training, but no effect on any other outcome either immediately or at follow up timepoints. CONCLUSIONS: The low methodological quality and small number of studies means current evidence provides limited clinical guidance. Clearly more research is needed to inform care: researchers must improve the methodological quality of studies, plus fully consider and report the aspects of attention and function addressed in their work.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among Canadian firefighters
Authors: Nazari Goris , MacDermid Joy C. , Sinden Kathryn , D’Amico Robert
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal symptoms (MSSs) remain the most frequently reported type of injuries sustained during fire-ground operations in firefighters. However, there is a paucity of reports concerning the prevalence estimates of MSSs among female firefighters and different fire services across Canada. OBJECTIVES: To assess the point prevalence of self-reported MSSs, stratified by age and sex in a cohort of active duty firefighters from across Canada, and to determine whether age, sex or length of service can be used to predict the likelihood of the number of MSSs sustained. METHODS: We recruited 390 firefighters (272 males, 118 females). To identify the prevalence of self-reported rates of MSSs, firefighters were asked to complete a standardized 11-item questionnaire that asked, “Please indicate whether you have experienced pain in any body region within the last week”, with response options that included “Yes”, “No”, and “Head”, “Neck”, “Shoulder”, “Arm/Elbow/Hand”, “Back”, “Stomach/Abdomen”, “Upper Thigh”, “Knee”, “Lower Leg”, “Foot”, “Other, please specify”. RESULTS: Among the 390 full-time firefighters, 212 (54%) indicated to have experienced some type of MSSs within the last week. The most prevalent region-specific MSSs included, 123 (32%) in the back region, 92 (24%) in the shoulder region, 74 (19%) in the neck region and 70 (18%) in the knee region. In addition, women indicated a 1.6 times greater likelihood of sustaining ≥2 MSSs when controlling for individual differences in age and years of service. CONCLUSIONS: The point prevalence of MSSs in a cohort of full-time firefighters was 54% (55% males; 53% females). Women experienced a 1.4–1.6 times greater likelihood of sustaining MSSs when controlling for individual differences in age and years of service.
Ergonomics in fashion engineering and design – Pertinent issues
Authors: Raji Rafiu King , Luo Qing , Liu Haijin
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Before the emergence of ready-to-wear (RTW) garments, production of apparels relied on ergonomics considerations through body measurements (anthropometry) of individual users. This is an indication of the inherent nature of ergonomics in apparel fabrication; however active mention of ergonomics related to fashion engineering and design before then was lacking. OBJECTIVE: This article seeks to emphasize the need for an organized framework of knowledge for ergonomics suited to fashion engineering and design education and research. METHODS: Relevant literature have been reviewed and three main knowledge components of ergonomics relevant to fashion engineering and design have been identified and classified based on standard classes of areas within the general field of ergonomics. RESULTS: Areas of ergonomics applications in fashion engineering and design under the headings of consumer product design, i.e. apparel design, workspace or office design, manufacturing process design and man-machine system, have been discussed. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive ergonomics education related to fashion engineering and design consist of the three main knowledge components: (1) the five aspects of ergonomics, (2) anthropometry and biomechanics and (3) the three domains of ergonomics.
Analisis Pengaruh Customer Trust Terhadap Keputusan Menggunakan Mobile Banking Melalui Perceived Risk dan Perceived Usefulness Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Styarini Fitria , Riptiono Sulis
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh customer trust terhadap keputusan menggunakan mobile banking melalui perceived risk dan perceived usefulness sebagai variabel intervening pada pengguna aplikasi mobile banking Bank BRI di Kantor Cabang Kebumen. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh nasabah pengguna rekening debet pada Bank BRI Kantor Cabang Kebumen yang menggunakan aplikasi mobile banking BRI. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Berdasarkan metode statistika dilakukan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik (uji multikolonieritas, uji heteroskedastisitas, dan uji normalitas), uji parsial, uji koefisien determinasi, dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan uji validitas dan reliabilitas semua variabel dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil uji t sub struktur I variabel customer trust berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perceived risk. Hasil uji t sub struktur II variabel customer trust berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perceived usefulness, perceived risk tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perceived usefulness. Kemudian untuk sub struktur III variabel customer trust berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan menggunakan, perceived risk tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan menggunakan, perceived usefulness berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan menggunakan.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Audit Delay Dengan Return On Asset Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Sub Sektor Perbankan Tahun 2017-2018
Authors: Caroline Verawaty , Hutabarat Francis
Published: September 2020

Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini di adakan ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran perusahaan terhadap audit delay dengan return on asset sebagai variable mediasi pada sub sektor perbankan tahun 2017-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis descriptive dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Adapun sampel diambil dari 15  perusahaan sub sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2017-2018. Penelitian memanfaatkan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai variable independen, Audit Delay sebagai variabel dependen serta Return On Asset sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistic data yaitu descriptive statistic , koefisien determinasi, signifikan test dan regresi analisis. Ukuran perusahaan dan audit delay berpengaruh signifikan pada perusahaan sector perbankan yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2017-2018, diperkuat oleh Roa sebagai mediasi maka hasil signifikansi ukuran perusahaan terhadap audit delay semakin tinggi. Sedangkan untuk ROA juga memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan Audit Delay.
Os vínculos entre as antropologias galega e portuguesa: perspetivas para a colaboração no século XXI
Authors: Pereiro Xerardo
Published: September 2020

Este texto apresenta uma reflexão sobre a colaboração entre as antropologias portuguesa e galega. O texto inicia com uma breve revisão histórica da institucionalização da antropologia portuguesa, para logo analisar alguns traços da antropologia no Norte de Portugal hoje. Finalmente, com base na experiência pessoal de trabalho transnacional entre o Norte de Portugal e a Galiza, apresenta-se uma proposta de colaboração para posteriores debates que integra três âmbitos: o ensino, a investigação e o campo cívico.
Tinjauan Yuridis Pengaturan Sanksi Pidana dalam Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Nggilu Novendri Mohamad
Published: September 2020

Politik hukum pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Gorontalo sejak dibentuk tahun 2000,  politik hukumnya masih bercita rasa pemidanaan, hal itu tercermin dari adanya pengaturan sanksi pidana yang bukan hanya melebihi dari ketentuan pembebanan sanksi pidana, melainkan juga kesalahan dalam merujuk ketentuan yang menentukan kualifikasi sebuah tindakan dibebankan sanksi pidana atau tidak. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menguraikan pengaturan sanksi pidana dalam Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Gorontalo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan statuta dan konseptual. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa adanya peraturan daerah yang merujuk bukan pada pasal yang memuat tentang perbuatan hukum, melainkan merujuk pada BAB yang di dalamnya terdapat pasal-pasal yang umum dan tidak memuat perbuatan hukum yang dapat dikualifikasi sebagai perbuatan pidana, itu tercermin dari peraturan daerah tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Di samping itu, terdapat juga peraturan daerah yang pembebanan sanksi pidananya melebihi dari ketentuan pengaturan sanksi yang dapat diatur dalam peraturan daerah, dimana pembebanan sanksi pidana kurungan 3 (tiga) tahun dan denda Rp. 500.000.000, padahal ketentuan dalam undang-undang tentang pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan dan Permendagri tentang pembentukan produk hukum daerah hanya membatasi pembebanan sanksi pidana maksimal 6 (enam) bulan kurungan, dan denda paling banyak Rp. 50.000.000.
Short-term physical and chemical stability of mixtures of anti-tuberculosis drugs for intravenous administration
Authors: Кужко М.М. , Тлустова Т.М. , Денисов О.С. , Спринсян Т.А. , Шуха Ю.В.
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE. To evaluate the stability of mixtures of anti-tuberculosis drugs for intravenous administration used for treatment of sensitive and resistant tuberculosis in time and in conditions close to the conditions of the use.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Studied combinations: ethambutol + isoniazid in various concentrations, ethambutol + levofloxacin, ethambutol + moxifloxacin. In the stability study, samples were taken for analysis of the appearance, pH and concentration of drugs at specified times (immediately after mixing, after 16, and 24 hours).

RESULTS. The results of the chromatographic study indicate the absence of chemical interaction between the active pharmaceutical ingredients, high physical and chemical stability of the mixtures for up to 24 hours of storage under conditions close to the conditions of use, except the mixture of isoniazid with ethambutol, in which it is recommended to reduce the storage term to 16 hours due to the complexity of interpretation and the nature of potential impurities.

CONCLUSIONS. Study results indicate the possibility of simultaneous administration of a mixture of isoniazid and ethambutol when the preparation of the mixture was not more than 16 hours prior to administration and mixtures of ethambutol + levofloxacin and ethambutol + moxifloxacin with the preparation of the mixture no more than 24 hours before administration.
Yaşam Tarzı Müdahalelerinin Gestasyonel Vücut Ağırlığı Kazanımı ve Gebelik Komplikasyonları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Karaağaç Yasemin , Yardımcı Hülya
Published: September 2020

Dünya’da, özellikle de doğurganlık çağındaki kadınlar arasında, obezite prevalansı artmaktadır. Gebelik öncesi fazla kilolu veya obez olan kadınlar sıklıkla Amerika Tıp Enstitüsü’nün gebeler için önerdiği vücut ağırlığı kazanımlarının üzerinde ağırlık kazanımı yaşamaktadırlar. Önerilerin üzerinde vücut ağırlığı kazanan gebeler gestasyonel diyabet, preeklampsi, eklampsi, hipertansiyon, tromboembolizm, obstetrik anestezi, sezaryen doğum, postpartum hemoraji, yara enfeksiyonları, emzirme başlangıcının gecikmesi, emzirme süresinin kısalması, postpartum vücut ağırlığı retansiyonu ve obezite gibi komplikasyonlarla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Aşırı gestasyonel vücut ağırlığı kazanımı yaşayan gebelerin bebekleri ise prematüre, ölü doğum, konjenital anomali, gestasyonel yaşına göre büyük bebek, makrozomi, omuz distosisi, neonatal hipoglisemi ve çocukluk çağında obezite açısından yüksek risk taşımaktadır. Literatürde diyet ve fiziksel aktiviteyi içeren yaşam tarzı müdahalelerin gestasyonel vücut ağırlığı kazanımını azalttığı ve gebelik komplikasyonları üzerinde olumlu etkilerinin olduğu ile ilgili çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Sağlık bakım sistemlerinden düzenli olarak yararlanan gebeler, bebeklerinin sağlığı açısından yaşam tarzı değişikliklerine de daha olumlu yaklaştıkları için bu süreç yaşam tarzı ile ilgili müdahaleler için önemli bir dönemdir. Bu derlemede, gebelik döneminde yapılacak olan yaşam tarzı müdahalelerinin gestasyonel vücut ağırlığı kazanımı ve gebelik komplikasyonları üzerine etkisinin literatüre dayalı olarak tartışılması amaçlanmıştır.
Automatic Manufacturing Cell in Cyber-physical System
Authors: Kiss Márk , Andó Mátyás
Published: September 2020

Such manufacturing cells, that need to be able to produce high quantity and variety workpieces, the automatic workpiece handling is indispensable to stay in competition. A real manufacturing cell’s simulation in a cyber-physical system can help the decisions-making in the production, as we receive real data with the simulation of the scenarios. Our manufacturing cell consists of a 6-axis robot, 2 CNC milling machines and 4 conveyors. We tested 10 different scenarios, during which we analyzed the usage of the robot and the milling machines. By upgrading the tools, used for milling, we could reduce the cycle time of the workpieces. Furthermore, one more milling machine could be integrated into the cell due to the low usage of the robot or the speed of the robot could be lowered. Besides, filling the pallets with the same workpieces was the most effective way, however, with mixed workpieces we reached better results when we used optimization for cycle time. In these cases, reducing the order quantity to a daily amount did not cause any capacity reduction.
Coronavirus Environment vs Socio-Economic and Demographic Problems Followed: A Sociological Appraisal
Authors: Sheykhi Mohammad Taghi
Published: September 2020

The paper searches the cause and effect impacts of the newly-found Coronavirus. The word "Corona" is currently used by all the people (7.7 billion) over the age of at least 3. The unprecedented disease is reflecting a large number of effects infecting and killing many people of the rich and the poor. The new phenomenon is continuing rapidly. It brings about recessions and closures in many businesses, and laying off many employees and workers, and that has created income and security problems for the families. The new environment has imprisoned families inside homes disrupting them from the normal and regular interactions. Such people are getting frustrated indoors. The people confined at home are usually exposed and vulnerable to psychological disorders. Almost all those at school age, are banned to attend schools and higher educational institutions at all levels. So, the educational institution is also losing a lot. The new phenomenon needs sociological appraisal from various viewpoints. What is currently happening, will create problems in post-Corona age. One of the problems that will demographically impact the world nations is "migration". Many people of the poor countries will move to more developed countries where they hope to earn their living. So, social demographers need to mind the future scenario. Poor economies will not easily be able to rehabilitate and reconstruct themselves. That is why a large migration wave will be quite likely to occur. Similarly, many countries will face increasing child labor and street children because of shortage of employment for the adults. The method of research used in the present research is of qualitative type--collecting the data through library resources and other media. Findings prove that everybody is exposed to being affected, infected and killed through the Coronavirus.