bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimum gas tank locating in van vehicle – front and side crash analysis consideration for passenger safety
Authors: Kasaei Ali , Aziz Nuraini Abdul , Delgoshaei Aidin , Tahir Suraya Mohd , Rezanoori Alireza
Published: January 2021

In this research, crash test results from CNG locating method optimization approach for crashworthiness and testing its safety are presented. The locating process is based on principal energy considerations inspired from the current design process in passenger vehicle design development. The potential of the vehicle concept to absorb kinetic energy can be estimated at the very beginning of the design process by the free crash lengths in the different areas of the vehicle and estimates of average forces required in the specific segment and parts of the car body at particular crash phases. Based on the basic principle of vehicle crash analysis using the finite element method, a passenger VAN finite element model was selected to simulate the front and side rear collision test of the VAN, therefore the LS-DYNA software is adopted to calculate the deformation of the car and the acceleration time history curves during the crashing process; the anti-impact capability of the vehicle is evaluated from this simulation. It is important to determine appropriate force distributions and the corresponding loads paths through the whole structure for all relevant crash load in dedicated crash test cases. The results demonstrate that the improvement of local structure and location for the required CNG tanks in safe locations in vehicle chassis can promote the crashworthiness of the car, but the further improvement needs a major change of the vehicle structure. The outcomes are interpreted by using LS-PREPOST to analyze the energy absorption characteristics during crash for different cases at a velocity of 50km/h the duration of 12ms. The result analysis was necessary to derive distinct deformation phases characteristic and following that, the essential crash elements are compared with and without CNG tanks installation in each crash case. At last, the conclusion determines the proposed tank locating model in the selected passenger VAN is within the safe range of crash analysis standards.
Material modelling of FDM printed PLA part
Authors: Volgin Oleg , Shishkovsky Igor
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on modelling inelasticity of additively manufactured polylactide (PLA) thermoplastic using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) printing technology. The material response of PLA is viscoplastic and temperature-dependent, as is typically seen for thermoplastics. The inelastic deformation of printed PLA undergoes initial yielding, strain softening, and subsequent failure. The Three-Network (TN) constitutive model was employed in this work, which captures experimentally observed material response and consists of three molecular equilibrium and time-dependent viscous networks that act in parallel. The parameter identification was performed in accordance with experimental data from uniaxial testing and a validation experiment was carried out by loading plate with a hole and measuring its strain distribution using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method, which was compared with the predictions from Finite Element Analysis (FEA).
Effect of titanium alloy powder reinforcement on the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of GMAW mild steel butt joints
Authors: Odiaka T.N. , Akinlabi S.A. , Madushele N. , Hassan S. , Akinlabi E.T.
Published: January 2021

Despite its well-reported application in a few welding processes, the use of reinforcing powders in weld joints to improve weld integrity has not garnered ample research attention for Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process. In this study, the adoption of Titanium alloy powders as metallic reinforcement for mild steel butt welds was investigated. By adopting Taguchi’s L4 orthogonal array, process optimisation for titanium-reinforced mild steel butt welds were first carried out. In the second phase of welding, the optimum parameters were used to create and compare two sets of weldments; one set was reinforced with titanium alloy powder and the other set left unreinforced. It was observed that in the Weld Metal (WM) region, the titanium-reinforced samples had higher micro-hardness values than their unreinforced counterparts with an average of 285.62 HV and 211.6 HV respectively. However, there was no substantial improvement in the ultimate tensile strength of the mild steel butt welds due to titanium powder reinforcements. Interestingly, the formation of acicular ferrite microstructure was more prevalent in the titanium-reinforced weldments and this was attributed to the presence of titanium inclusions in the weld metal. This prevalence of acicular ferrite suggests improved toughness properties in the weld joint region. While the higher hardness values in the Weld Metal of the reinforced sample indicates improved wear resistance.
A specialized genetic algorithm for the fuel consumption heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem with bidimensional packing constraints
Authors: Escobar-Falcón Luis Miguel , Álvarez-Martínez David , Wilmer-Escobar John , Granada-Echeverri Mauricio
Published: January 2021

The vehicle routing problem combined with loading of goods, considering the reduction of fuel consumption, aims at finding the set of routes that will serve the demands of the customers, arguing that the fuel consumption is directly related to the weight of the load in the paths that compose the routes. This study integrates the Fuel Consumption Heterogeneous Vehicle Routing Problem with Two-Dimensional Loading Constraints (2L-FHFVRP). To reduce fuel consumption taking the associated environmental impact into account is a classical VRP variant that has gained increasing attention in the last decade. The objective of this problem is to design the delivery routes to satisfy the customers’ demands with the lowest possible fuel consumption, which depends on the distances of the paths, the assigned vehicles, the loading/unloading pattern and the load weight. In the vehicle routing problem literature, the approximate algorithms have had great success, especially the evolutionary ones, which appear in previous works with quite a sophisticated structure, obtaining excellent results, but that are difficult to implement and adapt to other variants such as the one proposed here. In this study, we present a specialized genetic algorithm to solve the design of routes, keeping its main characteristic: the easy implementation. By contrast, the loading of goods restriction is validated by means of a GRASP algorithm, which has been widely employed for solving packing problems. With a view of confirming the performance of the proposed methodology, we provide a computational study that uses all the available benchmark instances, allowing to illustrate the savings achieved in fuel consumption. In addition, the methodology suggested can be adapted to the version of solely minimizing the total distance traveled for serving the customers (without the fuel consumption) and it is compared to the best works presented in the literature. The computational results show that the methodology manages to be adequately adapted to this version and it is capable of finding improved solutions for some benchmark instances. As for future work, we propose to adjust the methodology to consider the three-dimensional loading problem so that it adapts to more real-life conditions of the industry.
Just Transition and Place-Based Policy in Coal-Dependent Areas
Authors: Topaloglou Lefteris
Published: January 2021

Recently, the interrelated concepts of the place-based approach, spatial justice, and just transition appear not only in scientific dialogue but also in developing policies that seek to address spatial inequalities. This article attempts to discuss the European, national, and local just transition policies and to assess the extent to which these policies are in line with the place-based model, as reflected in the Barca report (2009). The study reference area at the regional level is Western Macedonia, for which the transition towards an alternative, sustainable, and just path stands a very challenging policy exercise. The empirical section involved questionnaires with local specialists and professionals who hold profound knowledge and experience of the area. The results of the analysis revealed that just transition policies designed only at a European level demonstrate a high-level degree of relationship with the place-based model. The exact opposite seems to prevail at the level of national and regional policies.
New Zealand earthquakes and plate tectonic theory
Authors: Walcott R. I.
Published: January 2021

The rates and direction of shear strain from geodetic data and the direction of slip from earthquake mechanism studies in New Zealand are in good agreement with plate tectonic theory. The relative motion of the Pacific and Indian plates in the last 100 years has been accommodated by distributed strain in a belt at least 100 km wide crossing New Zealand from north-east to south-west. Strain rates within this belt exceed 3 x 10-7/y and average 5 x 10-7/y in Marlborough.

Under the eastern North Island and northern part of the South Island the Pacific plate underthrusts the overlying belt of deformation. Large thrust earthquakes are episodically generated, perhaps by locking of the thrust. Not all relative plate movement is transformed into displacement on faults - a substantial fraction is taken up by aseismic and anelastic deformation within the plate boundary zone. The relative proportion of aseismic and seismic deformation may vary in different regions.
A Land Resources Planning Toolbox to Promote Sustainable Land Management
Authors: Ziadat Feras , Pauw Eddy De , Nachtergaele Freddy , Fetsi Theodora
Published: January 2021

This paper provides a brief overview of how traditional concepts and approaches of land use planning have evolved into a more widely accepted vision of ‘land resources planning’ and its requirements for participatory processes, involvement of multi-sectoral stakeholders, and multi-thematic information at appropriate scales. Given its comprehensive ambitions, land resource planning (LRP) has a growing demand for a wide-ranging toolset, encompassing different tools in the biophysical, socio-economic, and governance (in a form of guidelines, methods, approaches and support tools). In order to collate knowledge, experiences and lessons from the LRP tools users, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - Land and Water Division held a consultation process through a survey among a range of stakeholders operating at different levels, sectors and regions. The survey evidenced limited awareness about the current availability of tools for land use planning. To remedy this situation, FAO developed the Land Resources Planning Toolbox (LRPT), a web-based inventory of existing tools. The Toolbox makes distinguishing between the tools in the socio-economic domain, those in the biophysical and the ones combining the two domains. The Toolbox explains the ability and restrictions of the LRP tools and their appropriateness to different regions, stakeholders and levels, and can be searched according to several criteria. It is concluded that, the Toolbox offers a useful mechanism for knowledge sharing and exchange of recent tools to enhance participatory LRP. It also has a great potential to support sustainable land management and landscape restoration. In this way it addresses, indirectly, conflicts and competition over resources.
Body structure and physical fitness assessed by the Senior Fitness Test: a cross-sectional study in a sample of Polish seniors
Authors: Mroczek Agata
Published: January 2021

Background: The Senior Fitness Test (SFT) measures the underlying physical parameters associated with functional
ability, and identifies whether an older adult may be at risk of loss of functional fitness. Assessing the functional
fitness performance of older adults is an essential element in the design of effective exercise programs.
Aim of the study: The present study aimed to assess selected parameters of the body structure and functional
fitness of the elderly using the SFT.
Material and methods: 60 people (30 women and 30 men) were examined. The participants were divided into
two age groups: the younger group (people up to 74 years old) and the older group (people over 75 years old).
Height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist
to hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated. The SFT was used
to assess physical fitness.
Results: The younger men were taller, heavier, and had greater hip circumference than older men (respectively
p=0.03, p=0.02, p=0.03). Younger men also showed statistically significant better results in the arm curl and
2 min step tests (p<0.05). Younger women were taller (p<0.05) and obtained better results in almost all fitness
trials than older women. Between younger vs. older women statistically significant results were found in the
following tests: arm curl, 30 s chair stand, chair sit and reach, 8 ft up-and-go, and 2 min step (p<0.05). Overweight
and obesity were more common among younger groups of both sexes.
Conclusions: Age influences mobility and physical fitness, especially among women. Younger people are characterized
by higher body structure parameters and achieve better results in the physical fitness test.
Relationship of frequency and severity of perimenopausal symptoms on the quality of sexual life of postmenopausal women living in urban and rural areas
Authors: Stadnicka Grażyna
Published: January 2021

Background: The changes that occur in a woman’s body during the perimenopausal period may influence feelings
of attractiveness and perception of status in an intimate relationship, which may play a role in overall sexual
satisfaction.
Aim of the study: The present study aimed to analyze the influence of selected perimenopausal symptoms on
the perception of satisfaction with sexual life in urban and rural women.
Material and methods: This study included 224 women from urban areas and 106 women from rural areas
who were using general practice services. Inclusion criteria were women who had not menstruated for 2–5 years.
The measures used were the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and the Sexual Quality of Life-Female questionnaire
(SQoL-F). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the severity
of perimenopausal symptoms and satisfaction with sexual life.
Results: A greater proportion of urban women reported symptoms in the perimenopausal period than rural
women. Statistically significant correlations were observed for irritability (P = 0.03) and sexual problems (P =
0.01). However, rural women reported a greater degree of symptom severity. There was a statistically significant
difference in severity of somatic and psychological symptoms between urban and rural women. In urban
women, the average score for general satisfaction with their sexual life was 62 ± 19.96, whereas the average
score for rural women was slightly less, 59 ± 23.56. A statistically significant inverse relationship was observed
between the severity of perimenopausal symptoms and quality of sexual life, with values of Spearman’s rank
correlation coefficients ranging from −0.490 to −0.064. Conclusions: Urban or rural residence had a slight influence on the frequency and severity of perimenopausal
symptoms, and severity of symptoms had a significant influence on women’s satisfaction with their sexual life.
Socio-cultural potential of digital games. A (possibly) holistic approach
Authors: Gałuszka Damian
Published: January 2021

Digital games are a well-recognized and willingly used medium nowadays. People of different ages and social status play games. However, players become entangled in the increasingly complex culture of digital games that during its development surpassed leisure-time, ludic spaces and revealed its potential in different domains of socio-cultural life. This review article takes a holistic, sociological perspective on the phenomenon of digital games. The discussed topics in the social, economic, cultural and educational dimensions outline a generalized picture of gaming in the most important areas of its impact. This usually has a positive effect, but not always. That is why the article also touches on critical threads in relation to digital games. Due to such an approach, readers gain a broad perspective on this medium, necessary for its full understanding, practical use and possible further own research.
Distance learning in the time of pandemic as a challenge facing the equal status of the public school
Authors: Ernst-Milerska Renata
Published: January 2021

A public school is an institution for all pupils in a given administrative region. In its actions, it must be guided by the principles of tolerance and social egalitarianism. Social egalitarianism is framed in terms of equal educational opportunities and social justice. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a significant change in the school practice. Distance learning has become the main form. In this article, we discuss the issue of public school social egalitarianism in the context of the results of the students’ opinion poll on the transformation of traditional forms of education into distance learning.
Value system and the deviant behavior of youth
Authors: Kubicki Rafał
Published: January 2021

The article is an overview of relationship, which is very important from the point of view of upbringing, between the hierarchy of values preached by youth and the scale of deviant behaviors, including criminal one, that they manifest. The subject dependence, derived from various theoretical concepts, not necessarily based on the sociology of deviation or criminology (e.g. The learning theory), clearly indicates that the system of values of the youth exhibiting deviant behavior is different from the value system of adolescents whose socialization and upbringing is proceeding properly. The first mentioned group is mainly focused on the fruition of individual needs - often taking "shortcuts", they assess professional work and participation in social life differently. They highly value the so-called turbulent life (frequent changes, risks, fun, humor and momentary pleasures). They tend to accept the internal norms of their own (anti-social) group that perceives the environment in a similar way, but do not include the so-called social standards in their behaviors.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Children's Sleep Comic
Authors: Valipour Mozhgan , Kalantari Minoo , Tabatabaee Seyed Mehdi
Published: January 2021

Background: Insomnia is one of the most common sleep problems among children and is associated with a wide variety of impairments such as aggression, decreased attention and concentration, daytime sleepiness, hyperactivity, and irritability. A child with insomnia can affect the whole family. It is important to assess insomnia and sleep behaviors of children because insomnia is not a common diagnosis in them. Children’s Sleep Comic is a questionnaire to diagnose insomnia in children aged 5-11 years, which can be completed within 20 minutes. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to translate and investigate the Persian form of Children’s Sleep Comic's content validity and reliability. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 209 children aged 5-11 years in primary schools and preschools of Tehran who were selected by random cluster sampling in 2019. The translation was done with the forward-backward method. The content validity was evaluated by 10 occupational therapists, and quantitative content validity was determined by calculating the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability via Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) among 30 children after one week as well as Standard Error of Measurement (SEM). Results: Overall, 220 children were entered into the study; however, 11 children were excluded because of missing data. The translation of Children's Sleep Comic was considered easy and acceptable. The content validity, which was assessed by CVR and CVI were desirable (0.8 and 0.8, respectively), and the internal consistency was 0.76. ICC and SEM were 0.97 and 0.02, respectively. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that the Persian version of the Children's Sleep Comic questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used for screening insomnia in Iranian children aged 5-11 years.
«Пограничные объекты» и специфика конструирования зон обмена. К вопросу об артефактах
Authors: Масланов Евгений Валерьевич ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматривается специфика функционирования пограничных объектов в зонах обмена. Здесь они играют две взаимосвязанные роли: конструируют пространство, с одной стороны, взаимодействия внутри научных практик и, с другой, внешних коммуникаций науки. В первом случае они позволяют достичь взаимопонимания различным группам ученых. Во втором пограничный объект становится важным элементом конструирования пространства новых смыслов. Они являются артефактами, а следовательно, каждая социальная группа может постараться наделить их особыми смыслами, которые иногда будут отличаться от смыслов, которые придавали им создатели этих объектов. В результате в рамках их использования могут формироваться новые практики освоения мира и рождаться новые смысла. Science art – одна из таких практик. Она позволяет при помощи использования пограничных объектов соединить научные практики и эстетические компоненты. Это дает возможность находить нетривиальные решения как в науке, так и в искусстве.
От классики к виртуальности
Authors: Маркова Людмила Артемьевна ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: January 2021

В XXI веке радикально меняется наше мышление, а вместе с ним и жизнь общества в самых разных ее проявлениях. На передний план выдвигается тот факт, что любому поступку человека предшествует замысел, план его будущей деятельности, его мысль. Это значит, что главное – это не получаемый результат, а начало, базис проделанной работы. Мысль развивается из эмпирии, из контекста, где возникает неразрешимая средствами существующей логики трудность. Логика выдвигается в действительность, в практику, что для классической логики недопустимо. По этой причине за ее пределами всегда оставалось рождение мысли в голове человека. Соответствующим образом развивалось естествознание, и логика его истории служила образцом для гуманитарного знания. После научной революции начала прошлого века, наоборот, гуманитарное знание стало образцом для физики. Квантовая физика заставляет ученых (Гейзенберг, Бор, Борн) думать, что изучая мир, мы познаем себя. Об этом свидетельствуют и приборы, сделанные человеком и обращенные на природу. Ученые задают природе вопросы, которые придают ей человеческие черты. В области начала мысли нет еще четкого разделения на материальное и идеальное. Когда формируется это начало, базис логики, у человека в голове мелькает масса мыслей, беспорядочных и хаотичных, без четких траекторий их движения. Большинство из них исчезают, но участвуют в создании «магического кристалла» будущего произведения и в общем виртуальном пространстве рождения вещей и событий. В этом мире мы уже начинаем жить, сами создавая этот новый для нас искусственный мир.
Specific aspects of the retrofitting design and seismic assessment of a heritage pedestrian bridge
Authors: Yanev Emil
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to establish a suitable structural system for the restoration of the destroyed part of the pedestrian bridge, which is a part of a hydrocomplex built along the Arda River (Bulgaria), and to improve the vulnerable details in the original structure, taking into account the seismic hazard on the site. The decision is also dictated by the choice of a construction method that does not interfere the Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) that is built along the river with the normal operation of which the subject is connected. The appropriate selection of materials and modelling of the overall behaviour of the old and new parts of the bridge are the basis of the optimal solution for interference with the structure and the possibility of extending its service life. It is also important to preserve the visual unity of the whole structural complex, thus preserving the original appearance and good construction practice from the time they have been built during the middle of the 20th century This design solution is part of an investment project of "Risk Engineering" Ltd.
Comparative analysis of behaviour of reinforced concrete beams using bars and textil: Experimental research
Authors: Zenunović Damir , Ružić Danijel
Published: January 2021

This paper presents an experimental program of initial testing of reinforced concrete beams using bars and textiles carried out with an aim of comparative analysis of the behaviour of reinforced concrete beams using textiles in relation to conventional reinforced beams. Alkalineresistant glass fibre textile meshes were used for the purposes of the experiment. An experiment setting is described and obtained test results are presented in this paper. An analysis of the obtained results is presented at the end of the paper. The experimental program demonstrated that adding textile mesh, besides improvement of the durability of the protective layer of concrete, can improve the load-bearing capacity and ductility of reinforced concrete beams. There is still an issue related to workability of concrete in textile reinforced beams and achievement of full adhesion between textile mesh and concrete. At the end of the paper, a suggestion was given about semi-prefabricated reinforced concrete beams using reinforced bars and textiles.
Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer
Authors: Živković-Perišić Snežana
Published: January 2021

Introduction: According to GLOBOCAN estimates for 2018, gastric cancer was the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of death from malignant diseases in the world. Although the etiology of this cancer is multiple, Helicobacter pylori infection is strongly associated with the development of gastric cancer. Methodology: A review of professional international journals and public health publications related to the association of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer Topic: As early as 1994, the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization identified Helicobacter pylori as a type I carcinogen in humans, although the exact mechanism of carcinogenesis has not yet been clearly established. Carcinogenesis is also influenced by environmental factors, as well as genetic diversity, which can lead to different inflammatory responses and thus affect the clinical outcome of the disease. Chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori infection is the strongest known risk factor for the development of adenocarcinoma of the distal part of the stomach. The effect of eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection is seen in the reduced risk of gastric cancer, but several therapeutic attempts to prevent the development of gastric tumors by eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection have yielded minimal results. In an attempt to elucidate this problem in high-risk populations, researchers began conducting prospective randomized, double-blind population studies. The results of previous studies have highlighted the importance of long-term and careful monitoring of patients after eradication therapy, but there are still multiple deviations ("enigmas") that call into question the cause-effect relationship between H. pylori and gastric cancer. Conclusions: It has been established that the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, in order to prevent gastric cancer, is effective only when it is carried out before the development of premalignant changes: atrophy, metaplasia, and dysplasia of the gastric mucosa. In addition , the significant treatment efficacy observed in younger patients suggests the need to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection as early as possible.
Salviva®: Step forward in human saliva substitution
Authors: Marković Srđan , Serafimovka Adrijana , Kostić Ivana , Jovović Marija , Ribar Maja , Bugarski Branko , Kastratović Dragana
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Saliva is a product of salivary glands secretion that constantly soaks-moisturizes the teeth and mucous membranes of the oral cavity. Physiological roles of saliva are: maintaining humidity, lubrication and physiological cleaning of the oral cavity, enzymatic activity (beginning of digestion), bacteriostatic and bactericidal action, prevention of dental caries. Topic: The most serious health problem is the complete, permanent absence of saliva secretion , which is an absolute indication for daily use of an adequate preparation for moistening the oral cavity or saliva substitution. Salviva ® is sufficiently viscous and the content that can serve as natural saliva for 4 hours. 200 ml bottle is sufficient for daily patient needs and the production costs are low (0.25 EUR per unit for laboratory level volumes, excluding primary packaging costs). Conclusions: With the further innovative development of Salviva ® , it is possible to apply drugs with local and systemic effects, and thus treat the patient, which opens a completely new field of application of some drugs and reduces their side effects and unpleasant effects. The quality of life of patients as well as social functionality will be significantly improved, which is very important for the working population.
New psychoactive substances: Challenges
Authors: Crnić Katarina , Kovačević Mira
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The United Nation Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC) defines "new psychoactive substances" (NPS) as substances for abuse that are not under the control of the 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drugs or the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, but may constitute the definition of a group of different substances, which have been developing very rapidly since 2000 and are difficult to identify due to frequent changes in pharmacological and toxicological properties.The health risk assessment of consumers has been insufficiently researched.The use of NPS is reaching epidemic proportions worldwide and poses an increasing danger to the individual and public health. There are several basic groups of NPS, according to their chemical composition and pharmacological properties. All NPS cannot be safely differentiated according to these groups, and their effects, potency and risk profile are not similar to the substances from which they are derived. The highest percentage of abused NPS is from the group of synthetic cathinones and synthetic cannabinoids. Clinicaly, NPS abuse is categorized as acute intoxications, which is more common, because NPS is most often used on certain occasions (outings, musical events) or as an addiction. Acute intoxications with different types of NPS are severe, with numerous mental and physical symptoms, often life-threatening and with fatal outcomes. Adequate diagnosis is uncertain, diagnostic laboratory tests for drugs are generally not applicable to NPS. Symptomatic internal medicine and psychiatric therapy are used in the treatment because there are no specific antidotes, except for the group of synthetic opioids, (naltrexone). Patients with more serious complications are taken care of in intensive care units. Addiction to certain types of NPS is diagnosed and treated according to the principles of treatment of addiction to already known drugs. Methods: The paper presents an overview of available foreign and domestic literature and experiences of various authors on the topic of NPS from the previous 10 years, as well as the latest reports of regulatory bodies in the USA and Europe, in charge of monitoring epidemiological data on NPS. Topic: The main goal of the paper is to draw the attention of the professional public to the problem of the epidemic wave of new psychoactive substances in the world, as well as significant amounts of knowledge and experience and developing new strategies for registration, monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of abuses and dependence on these substances. Conclusion: These facts impose the need to raise the vigilance of the health and legal system according to the presence of NPS on the market and the prevalence of use in the population, their health risks, as well as connecting with European organizations for monitoring NPS and developing new strategies for their control and prevention.
Gender and technology adoption among farmers in Banglash
Authors: Radović-Marković Mirjana , Kabir Shajahan , Jovičić Elena
Published: January 2021

The present study provides a systematic estimate of male and female participation in agricultural production and usage of agricultural technology and examines their influence in the adoption of modern technology in three upazilas in Jamalpur district. The study was followed by the simple random sampling technique to select 190 sample of respondents for household survey through the semi-structured questionnaire. There has been a significant change with the livestock rearing activities which are 118.79% after adoption of new technology. It is evident that the decision regarding farming with adoption of new technology attains the highest rank. The second highest ranked decision is technical training on technology. Similarly, the third ranked decision is use of modern technology. The modern technology improves the quality of management and materials (seeds, land, tools). The experience on modern technology of respondents has a positive coefficient and it was 0.492. However, our research showed that about 65.2% of the respondents were women as users of traditional agricultural machinery. Given these facts, our research has explained what keeps women's rates of modern agricultural technology adoption low.
Assessment of the influence of innovation and IT markets on the parameters of the regional economy
Authors: Garipova Ekatarina , Kulik Elena , Nabieva Larisa
Published: January 2021

The significant increase in the influence of innovation and information technologies in the modern world, including on economic processes, their constant interaction with classical markets of production factors, and accordingly the need to develop a methodology for assessing their mutual influence - all this has determined the purpose and tasks of research. The article discusses the features of markets mutual influence of innovation and information technologies, as well as their impact on the economy of the region. Based on the conclusions, a methodology for quantifying this influence is proposed, which is characterized by simple and convenient application in the implementation of state regulation of the regional economy. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data for more than 20 years of the economy development of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan and is highly representative. The results of the study allowed justifying the theoretical approach, to develop methodological and practical recommendations on diagnostics, assessment and forecasting of the impact of the two most important components of the modern industrial revolution 4.0 - innovation and information technologies - on the stability and balance of the regional economy. The main product of the study is the system functional multi-sector model of the regional economy, which allows solving all the above-mentioned problems and problems in an optimal way.
Towards sustainability through Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0
Authors: Salimova Tatiana , Vukovic Natalia , Guskova Nadezhda
Published: January 2021

This section provides general information about actual development directions of the concepts of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 in context of sustainable development. For the analysis of relations with sustainability of these concepts we will estimate their relations with sustainable development goals (SDGs). Also, we were investigating the case study of Russia in the context of transformation to Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. As the research results, we conclude, that further success of the digital and socio-economic transformation will directly depend on the effectiveness and consistency of the joint efforts of government structures, the business community, and social institutions, in addressing the challenges of sustainable development of the national economy.
Impact and consequences of the COVID-19 virus on the economy of the United States
Authors: Gavrilović Kristina , Vučeković Miloš
Published: January 2021

The crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus is not just a global health crisis. The impact of the pandemic, caused by this virus, has strongly affected almost all vital economic sectors of the United States, which has seriously affected the global economy and other financial markets around the world. Significant declining incomes at all levels, rising unemployment, and disruptions in the industrial and transportation sectors are just some of the consequences caused by this virus in the economy of the United States. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the United States strongly opposes further reductions in economic growth and profits with several measures taken to mitigate the effects of the virus. In that sense, proactive action by the Government of the United States is necessary to protect economic prosperity and maintain sustainable economic growth for a longer period.
Selection of a distribution channel using the integrated FUCOM-MARCOS model
Authors: Đalić Irena , Stević Željko , Erceg Živko , Macura Perica , Terzić Svetlana
Published: January 2021

The management of manufacturing companies faces a number of decisions, and one of the most important is the selection of distribution channels. A large number of these companies do not sell their products directly to end consumers. For this reason, there are marketing intermediaries between manufacturers and end consumers whose primary function is to connect manufacturers and consumers. Their task is to provide the goods from manufacturers to consumers with the satisfaction of logistics characteristics: at the right time, at the right place and in a form that is convenient to use, and certainly with minimal costs. Distribution is one of four marketing mix instruments without which the optimal combination of the instruments would not be obtained. Thus, the decision on selecting distribution channels is as important as the decisions regarding products, prices and promotion. Based on the set criteria and the evaluation of certain distribution channels by the criteria, the management of the company will be able to make the best decision. The evaluation of distribution channels based on the set criteria was performed by marketing experts and experts in certain markets using an integrated multi-criteria model. The FUCOM method was applied to determine the significance of the criteria, and then the distribution channels were evaluated by applying the new MARCOS method. Thereafter, a sensitivity analysis was performed using other MCDM methods to verify the results previously obtained.
Analytical support of the management accounting system in an unstable economy conditions
Authors: Dzobelova Batrazovna , Dovtaev Shakhidovich , Kuzina Fedorovna , Shadieva Yusupovna , Elgaitarova Takhirovna
Published: January 2021

The globalization of the modern economic system, the scarce nature of the resources used, the depressive and stagnant nature of the current processes, the increasing complexity of the geopolitical situation and the deterioration of the environmental situation, etc. predetermine a serious transformation of the functions of accounting services and the role of accounting in the modern management system. In these conditions, the need to study the impact of environmental factors on the nature of the enterprise activity and the mechanism for the development and adoption of managerial decisions are especially relevant. It is indisputable that the accounting organization system in a crisis situation should be different from its management in a sustainable development environment; this determines the need to improve managerial accounting methodology in conditions of unpredictability and instability of the external environment. An analysis of the specialized literature suggests that there are insufficient studies of many aspects concerning the methodological content of the anti-crisis model of managerial accounting, the construction of its categorical apparatus, and the provision of a managerial accounting model in crisis processes in the economy, etc., which predetermined the choice of the topic of our study.
Gamification as a tool of commercial bank staff economic activity and stimulating
Authors: Guseva Borisovna , Khaziakhmetova Azatovna
Published: January 2021

Human capital is one of the key factors for an organization's success in modern economic conditions. Its formation and implementation depend on the policy of the enterprise in the field of personnel management. Complexity and ambiguity of intra-personal processes - the carrier of human capital determine the necessity of progressive movement in the direction of research of cause-and-effect relations between managerial decisions, corporate environment, and the reaction of personnel to it in the forms of activity on the transformation of the human capital of a personality into the capital of the same name of organization and created value. Well-known tools of influence on the mentioned processes consist in the realization of mechanisms formal and informal influence and the creation of conditions for successful stimulation of economic activity. Digitization is the modern trend of economic reality in the behavior of the new generation of personalities of staff. This means the devaluation of the tradition of obedience in response to the priorities of freethinking, determination, uncompromising, creativity and independence, the reference point to "easy", "game" attitude to professional and everyday situations. All this determines the daily habits, interests, properties of reaction to the stimuli of human activity determine the necessity to choose alternative methods of influence from the authoritarian ones. In this regard, the development of the theory and methodology of gamification of the employee's activity in the organization is seen as relevant. The presented article is devoted to the research of gamification's methodology of management in a system of non-material stimulation of commercial bank personnel.
Educational objectives help or hindrance?: A reflection against the position of Eisner
Authors: Abraha Mollaw
Published: January 2021

Although educational objectives have played critical roles in facilitating instructional activities easily, Elliot W. Eisner argued against this by saying that the pre-intended objectives have hindered the practitioners' instructional initiatives. Not only Eisner but also other re-conceptualists and conceptual empiricists viewed the objectives negatively. In one way, they may be right in which the procedural approach may not seem to allow curriculum makers to exercise curricular issues holistically. On the other way, it is difficult to manage the broad curricular issues in a real environment since running the teaching-learning activities is problematic if the instruction is boundless. Though both the conceptual empiricists and re-conceptualists have criticized the traditional approaches of curriculum, they couldn't show their ways of exercising curriculum practically in the real world, i.e., their ideas simply remain on the paper. Still now, conceptions of the traditionalists are influential around the world early from kindergarten up to the higher education level than the opponents' impractical propaganda. Therefore, educational objectives remain helpful rather than impediment not only for this century but also for the coming centuries.
Gender roles and dating violence: A mediator role of moral disengagement
Authors: Erdem Ahmet , Bakioğlu Fuad
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediator role of moral disengagement in the relationship between gender roles and dating violence. Participants were 425 university students [310 (72.9%) female, 115 (27.1%) male, Mage = 20.68 years, SD = 2.21] who completed questionnaires package involving the Gender Roles Attitudes Scale, the Attitudes toward Dating Violence Scales, and the Moral Disengagement Scale. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. A bootstrapping analysis was conducted in order to determine any indirect effects. The results showed that gender roles predicted moral disengagement and dating violence negatively, and that moral disengagement predicted dating violence positively. It was further found that the structural equation model that proposed that gender roles had a direct and an indirect effect through moral disengagement on dating violence was confirmed. The results of the study were discussed in the light of relevant literature, and suggestions for future studies were made.
The evaluation of the education program for 'The children aged 0-36 months' by teachers
Authors: Duran Munise
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to reveal the teachers' evaluation of the educational program for infants and children aged 0-36 months old. In order to collect data, 18 teachers from day care centers and nurseries in Malatya province were interviewed. The Educational Program prepared for infants and children aged 0-36 months old by the General Directorate of Basic Education of the T.R Ministry of National Education was evaluated using the interview form developed by the researcher. The findings of the research were analysed by means of descriptive method. The following results were obtained: teachers only performed the activity of "sending a notification to families" out of all the available participation activities. Among the adoption and developmental indicators, they had difficulties in designing activities in order to gain cognitive and psychomotor development indicators, and in evaluating emotional development. They used the plans already available in the market for activity planning, and they mostly preferred finger games. According to the results obtained in the evaluation, the teachers did not evaluate themselves at all, and they evaluated the program and the children at a limited level.
Examining the correlation between resilience levels and math and science process skills of 5-year-old preschoolers
Authors: Tok Yasin , Ünal Merve
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to determine whether the resilience levels and mathematics and science process skills of 5-year-old preschoolers vary significantly based on independent variables (gender, number of siblings, education level of the mother, education level of the father, and family income level) and to detect the correlations between them. The sample of the study consisted of 384 children. "Child Information Form, Risk Factors List, Early Childhood Resilience Scale, Early Childhood Mathematics Education Content Standards Scale, and Science Observation Form" were used as data collection tools. In the study, it was determined that there was a significant difference between the resilience levels of children and gender, education level of the father, and family income level. A significant difference was observed between the mathematical skills of the children and the number of siblings, parental education level, and family income level. Also, a significant difference was determined between the science process skill levels of the children and the number of siblings, family income level, and father's education level. There was a moderate positive correlation between resilience and mathematical skills and a high positive correlation between resilience and science process skills. In addition, it was concluded that the resilience levels of children were a significant predictor of their mathematics and science process skill levels.