bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Giant Raman radiation from molecules in a spherical metal shell
Authors:   Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electromagnetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sarychev Andrey K. , Ivanov Andrey V. ,   Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electromagnetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bykov Igor V. ,   Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electromagnetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mochalov Konstantin E. ,   Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shestopalova Milena S. ,   Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Oleinikov V.A. ,   Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prusakov Kirill A. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Basmanov Dmitry V. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency
Published: January 2024

The work considers an electrodynamic model of radiation from molecules placed in a metal shell. The model qualitatively describes the enhancement of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal from spherical nanoparticles coated with a thin silver film. The change in the SERS signal is calculated depending on the thickness of the metal nanolayer on top of the spherical particles. The radiating molecular dipole interacts with the metal shell and excites surface plasmons. Plasmonic oscillations reach a maximum when the frequency of the dipole is close to the plasmon resonance of the metal shell, and the dipole itself is close to the plasmonic shell. It has been theoretically shown that the intensity of secondary radiation generated by spherical nanoparticles coated with a silver film several nanometers thick can reach up to six or more orders of magnitude. The effect of a tenfold amplification of the SERS signal was experimentally demonstrated using the example of a large ensemble of single polystyrene microspheres with an average diameter of about 300 nm, coated with a silver nanolayer, which have characteristic Stokes frequencies of 1001 cm-1, 1602 cm-1. We believe that the tenfold enhancement of Raman scattering is due to the electromagnetic amplification mechanism.
EN Improving the energy efficiency of refrigeration equipment with a direct sales function
Authors: Константинов І.О. , Хмельнюк М.Г.
Published: January 2024

The increased use of refrigerants with low global warming potential GWP over the past decade indicates that manufacturers are already making gradual replacements with refrigerants with reduced environmental impact. Thus, in addition to HFC gas phase-out requirements, most EU countries are pursuing a trend to reduce the energy consumption of refrigeration appliances. Such countries restrict the import of equipment that does not meet the energy efficiency requirements. This paper presents the ecodesign of refrigeration equipment in relation to the requirements of the sales market using the Regulation on Conformity Assessment Procedure. HVAC&R equipment contributes to GHG emissions in two ways: directly through refrigerant leakage or venting, and indirectly through electricity use, the latter accounting for up to two-thirds of GHG emissions. The paper compares the energy and environmental characteristics of  refrigerants R404a and R290 in freezer M200V. The experimental results show that the highest COP va­lues in the system for R404a and R290 are 3.02 and 3.19, respectively. Possibilities of complete transition from F-gases to natural analogues with GWP ≈ 0 are shown. At application of R290 its advantages on energy efficiency are obvious - reduction of electric power consumption of freezing chests on 8,9 %, influence on environment R404A – GWP=3260, R290 – GWP=3. The calculation of energy efficiency class for freezing chest was made. To improve energy efficiency, a number of design modifications were made: the density of the thermal insulation material and the compressor were changed. The energy consumption of the modified version at the second climatic class was measured at 1.23 kW/24h, and the energy efficiency coefficient according to the calculation EEI =34.904, which corresponds to the energy efficiency class «C».
EN Fluid dynamic design of centrifugal compressor diffusers
Authors: Калінкевич М.В.
Published: January 2024

Diffusers are used to convert the kinetic energy of the gas flow into potential energy, i.e. to reduce the velocity and to increase the pressure. The most common types of diffusers are vaneless, vaned, and channel ones. Each type of diffuser has its design features and its performances. Improving the operational cha­racteristics of vaneless diffusers is possible by using stepped diffusers with flow injection. The developed mathematical model of gas flow in a vaneless diffuser with flow injection provides design of the stage of centrifugal compressor with the wider range of stable operation. Traditional methods of designing vaned and channel diffusers of turbomachines are focused on the use of simple geometric lines and surfaces, such as a straight line, arc of a circle, plane, cylindrical surface, etc. The design is performed according to recommendations based on experimental data. The other way of designing the vaned and channel diffusers of turbomachines is related to solving the inverse problem of fluid dynamics, when the shape of the surfaces is determined by the given distribution of velocities along the surfaces of the channel. This paper describes the design principles for the centrifugal compressor diffusers based on physical and mathema­tical models of the flow of swirling viscous compressible fluid. According to the presented method, the designing diffusers are based on the preseparation condition of the boundary layer along one of the surfa­ces. Such a design ensures a reduction in separation zones in the channels of the diffusers and, accor­dingly, a reduction in total pressure losses and an expansion of the range of stable operation. A new method of designing the vaned and channel diffusers provides an improvement in the gasdynamic characteristics of diffusers compared to traditional geometry diffusers
EXPERIENCE OF THE SEGMENTAL BONE DEFECTS' TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH COMBAT TRAUMA USING THE METHOD OF DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS
Authors: Hariyan Serhiy , Tsybulskyi Oleksandr , Makhovskyi Vasyl , Salii Zoia
Published: January 2024

Upper and lower limb injuries resulting from battlefield trauma is a complex multidisciplinary problem. Efficacy of the treatment of segmental bone defects in patients with combat trauma is a subject of analysis for improving its results. Purpose. An analysis of the modern treatment strategies of the segmental bone defects in patients with battlefield trauma under conditions of distraction osteogenesis (based on data available in the literature and own clinical experience). Methods. Analytical review of scientific works and analysis of treatment results of 39 patients with segmental bone defects associated with battlefield trauma and treated using distraction osteogenesis were conducted. Results. Patients with segmental limbs defects require special attention of a multidisciplinary team of specialists to identify reconstructive opportunities to save the limb. Distraction osteogenesis — is an effective method of treating of segmental fractures and shortening of the limbs, infectious complications that led to bone defect formation. Bone transport with ring external fixator (ExFix) is considered as a classical method. Authors analyzed and illustrated with three clinical cases their own results of application of different distraction osteogenesis technique. Conclusions. Different types of ExFix can be applied independently or in combination with internal fixators. The use of an intramedullar nail along which distraction osteogenesis is carried out allows to provide better control of the axis of the limb and transported fragment, reduce the residence time in the ExFix, and, moreover, external fixation devices with a simpler configuration can be used. Transport along the plate allows to maintain proper axial relationships in the presence of short periarticular fragments and improve the quality of fixation but it also increases the risks of FRI and re-operations.
Adjusting the Teaching Process for Refugee Students from Ukraine. The Perspective of Polish Teachers
Authors:   University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland, Bartnikowska Urszula , Parchomiuk Monika ,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Poland, Ćwirynkało Katarzyna ,   University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland, Antoszewska Beata ,   University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Published: January 2024

Teaching refugee students in inclusive classrooms is challenging for Polish teachers as the number of these students in schools has dramatically increased. This research aimed to explore Polish teachers’ experiences with adapting their teaching process for these students. An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was used, and 30 teachers participated in six focus group interviews. Two themes were identified in the analysis: 1) collaboration with others, 2) essential elements of direct work with students: communication; didactic aids; teaching methods; learning content; and learning objectives. Several recommendations for teaching practice are made.
Forms of Occupational Work for Parents of Children on the Autism Spectrum during the Pandemic: Selected Aspects of Functioning and Children’s Participation in Therapy
Authors:   Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland, Skura Monika , Steinhagen Anna ,   Psychological and Pedagogical Counseling Center, Warsaw, Poland, Lorens-Rosa Weronika ,   The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland, Wheeler John J. ,   East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennesse, USA
Published: January 2024

This study, conducted during the pandemic, examined if the occupational situation of parents of children with ASD influenced their parenting role and their children’s participation in therapy. We studied three groups of parents in Poland (n=137): non-employed, stationary workers, and remote workers. We tried to establish how parents assessed their competence in implementing therapy recommendations, their child’s functioning and the need for support using the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) and a questionnaire. Results showed that employment status did not affect perceived parental stress levels. The fulfilment of therapy recommendations was similar in the three groups. However, stationary workers felt more competent doing so. The study groups differed in their assessment of difficulties and expected support.
Development of a small-scale geotechnical centrifuge
Authors: Sorta Amarebh R. , Dubash Neville , Moyls Benny , Webster Scott E. , Omotoso Oladipo
Published: January 2024

Oil sand fluid fine tailings in northern Alberta have very poor water-release characteristics and require many decades to fully consolidate under their own weight. Generally, physical and/or chemical treatments are necessary to improve the consolidation behaviour and manage the tailings in an economical and environmentally acceptable manner. The effect of each treatment method is commonly evaluated, in part, by measuring the short- and long-term consolidation behaviour of treated samples. Geotechnical beam centrifuges, large-strain consolidation apparatus and geocolumns are typically used to measure the consolidation properties. However, these methods require many months to complete or are expensive and difficult to deploy in the field. A small-scale geotechnical centrifuge suitable for use in both research environments and laboratories at industrial sites was developed to study and/or monitor various treatment and disposal options in a short time. This paper presents the motivation for developing a small-scale centrifuge, the components and features of the centrifuge and the assortment of tests completed to validate the apparatus and testing methods. The validation tests proved that the small-scale centrifuge produces comparable results with existing methods while reducing the cost and time required to evaluate the consolidation performance of different tailings treatment options.
A Study on the Economic Effects and Structural Change Analysis of the Business Services
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Cho Jung-Hwan , Kim Tae-Hwang
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This paper aims to investigate the economic effects and structural changes of the business service sector in the Korean economy.
Design/Methodology/Approach - We suggest the spillover effects of the business sectors of not only the Korean economy but also of OECD countries using an input-output model. We suggested production-induced spillovers, value-added spillovers, and labor-induced spillover effects in the business service sector to draw policy implications by comparing Korea and OECD countries.
Findings - First, by the exogenous specification method for the business services sector, the effects of production inducement increased from 2015 to 2018, but the value-added inducing effects decreased since 2016. The labor-induced effects of the business service sector decreased. Second, the domestic price effects are larger than the import price effects when price rises by 10% in the business service sector. Third, as a result of the inter-industry linkage effects, the business services sector has a characteristic of comparatively larger forward linkage effects than backward linkage effects. Fourth, the growth of the business services sector was found to have driven the domestic final goods demand, final goods import substitution, exports, and technical changes. It was found that the domestic intermediate inputs of business services were replaced by imports.
Research Implications - As the linkage between the service and manufacturing industries has been deepening, policy efforts are needed to expand R&D and introduce new technologies to strengthen the business services sector competitiveness.
Development of the Northeast China Logistics Network: A Bibliometric Analysis from the Perspectives of South Korea and China
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, j j , Oh Yong-Sik
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This study aims to disclose latest progress in the field of logistics networks in Northeast China through bibliometric analysis to uncover research topics from 2002 to 2022, and explore future research trends through bibliometric research.
Design/Methodology/Approach - In this study, 230 CSSCI and 95 KCI articles were selected through a screening process using the PRISMA guidelines flowchart, eliminating research-irrelevant articles and duplicate articles. Citespace and Vosviewer visualization software were used to conduct bibliometric analysis on articles with search terms of “Northeast China” and “Logistics” from 2002 to 2022. It mainly discussed the following issues: (1) the salient conceptual dimensions using keywords analysis; (2) research hot spots using cluster analysis; and (3) likely future research trends.
Findings - Based on the KCI and CSSCI databases (articles published from 2002 to 2022), this paper found that logistics development in Northeast China is expected to be accompanied by a number of experiments. Therefore, we firstly need to improve the level and efficiency of logistics activities. Border cities in Northeast China must ensure a smooth process of distribution. Further, it is also necessary to form a multinational logistics cooperation system by activating exchanges with neighboring countries.
Research Implications - This study will help establish the status of individual research study in the future, promote the development of the logistics industry in Northeast China, and boost the construction of international cities. It will explore the direction of future research in relevant research fields of South Korea and China.
Characterization of firebricks used in copper smelting furnaces of the 19th century, Atacama, Chile
Authors: Nazer A. , Toro N. , Pavez O. , Guerrero J.
Published: January 2024

In the 19th century, mining in northern Chile was of great economic importance. Today, the ruins of the copper smelters and abundant fragments of refractory bricks from their furnaces remain. The refractory materials have not been previously studied. the origin, physical and chemical properties, and compressive strength of 10 different samples of historical refractory bricks collected on-site were investigated. The characterization results showed that the bricks are silico-aluminous, unlike the magnesium-chromium bricks used by current foundries. It was determined that 90% of them were produced in the UK and 10% were manufactured in Chile. The phases present are mullite, quartz, cristobalite, and tridymite, and the chemical composition corresponds mainly to SiO2. The compressive strength of the historical bricks is similart to those currently used,. These results may contribute to the knowledge of the 19th century mining and metallurgical historical heritage of Chile and the UK.
The Impact of Open Data Implementation on Entrepreneurial Attitude with Regard to Moving towards UN Sustainability Goals
Authors:   Lincoln University College, Ekundayo Tosin , Bhaumik Amiya ,   Lincoln University College, Chinoperekweyi Justine ,   Centre for Organization Leadership and Development, Khan Zafarullah ,   Synergy University – Dubai Campus
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of open data implementation as part of its data governance initiatives on entrepreneurial attitudes in Europe and Central Asia. The impact of open data implementation in transforming entrepreneurial attitudes in Europe and Central Asia has never been determined or investigated in a measurable form. Using regression (OLS) analysis of secondary data on the open data implementation index from the Open Data Barometer (ODB) and the Entrepreneurial Attitude index from GEI, this study investigates the impact of open data implementation (as a national data governance strategy) on entrepreneurial attitudes in Europe and Central Asia. This study introduces a novel approach by integrating open data implementation into the analysis of entrepreneurial attitudes, a perspective yet to be explored in the context of Europe and Central Asia, thereby advancing our understanding of sustainable development goals. The study establishes a causation of the 32% impact of open data implementation on entrepreneurship attitudes toward recognizing opportunities in Europe and Central Asia. This study advocates for the establishment of a comprehensive national open data initiative as a catalyst for fostering entrepreneurial attitudes within Europe and Central Asia. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance for entrepreneurs to cultivate the necessary attitude for achieving their business objectives successfully. The study recommends further investigation using a recent dataset. The study’s findings improve the understanding of how to induce entrepreneurship attitudes in Europe and Central Asia in pursuit of post-pandemic economic development.
Big Data, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain in Corporate Governance
Authors:   Bina Nusantara University, Meiryani Meiryani , Warganegara Dezie Leonarda ,   Bina Nusantara University, Andini Vidhiya ,   Bina Nusantara University
Published: January 2024

The paper analyses the dynamics of scientific research in, and practical application of key Industry 4.0 technologies in corporate governance, namely big data, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and blockchain. The contribution of specific authors, citation, and collaboration networks are assessed, along with that of individual countries and research organisations. A bibliometric network analysis of publications indexed in the Scopus and OpenAlex databases for 2011–2022 revealed a steady increase in the number of publications on the topic under consideration, and therefore a growing interest in it. The use of the abovementioned technologies in corporate governance is expected to lead to increased performance and transparency, and improved cybersecurity. The authors provide recommendations for various groups of users to maximise the potential of Industry 4.0 technologies for businesses, and the overall economy.
History and Modern Landscape of Futures Studies
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Boykova Marina , Knyazeva Helena ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Salazkin Mikhail ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: January 2024

The challenges the futures studies face are particularly complex, interconnected, and contradictory, and cannot be resolved using linear approaches. Prognostic science needs tools matching the new contextual complexity, which would allow to capture a much wider range of driving forces, and their potential effects, in a non-linear perspective, to improve the accuracy of forecasts and quality of strategies. Through a retrospective analysis of prognostic science and Foresight studies, the paper presents the prerequisites for enriching the relevant methodology with the complexity science concepts. Relevant Foresight competences are identified. Case studies are presented, which can serve as practical guidelines to master the creative potential of complexity during particularly unstable periods. Special attention is paid to the emerging megatrend of the rising deglobalisation, which can radically affect the implementation of previously developed strategies. The key conclusion from the presented analysis is that skilful handling of complexity opens up major opportunities for creative growth.
Genesis and Predictive Ability of Ecosystem Approach in Education
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Koroleva Diana , Khavenson Tatiana ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Tomasova Daria ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: January 2024

The landscape of education is progressively diversifying, characterized by an influx of various new participants, products, technologies, and institutional configurations. The concept of a comprehensive educational ecosystem is increasingly invoked. Yet, our understanding of the educational ecosystem phenomenon remains fragmented and lacking structure. This limitation poses obstacles to both engaging in a scholarly discourse and fully harnessing the predictive potential inherent in the ecosystem approach. The objective of this article is to delineate the practices involving interaction, knowledge exchange, and the diffusion of innovation among participants and strata within the educational realm. These practices serve as the foundation for the processes underpinning its development and transformation, culminating in the educational sphere acquiring ecosystemic attributes. This paper contributes to the conceptualization of an educational ecosystem founded upon the principles of an open and dynamic social system. It emphasizes the coevolution of stakeholders, a high degree of resource and competency complementarity, and collaborative competition in the creation of novel educational products. We expound upon the evolutionary origins of the educational ecosystem concept, attributing its development to the emergence of new actors and the expansion of communication capabilities for information dissemination and interactive linkages.We also underscore the continuity of the educational ecosystem concept concerning the triple, quadruple, and five helix models. Consequently, we propose a methodology for applying the ecosystem approach to conduct foresight studies and engage in co-design endeavors aimed at realizing the Sustainable Development Goals within the realm of education. This methodology aligns with the foundational principles articulated in the UN Sustainable Development Goals for Education until 2030 (Strategic Development Goal 4 - SDG4). The ecosystem approach is harnessed in the selection of source materials, the interpretation of prospective indicators, and the description of foresight subjects. In doing so, we affirm the predictive capacity of the ecosystem approach in modeling novel forms of stakeholder interactions, delineating the coevolution of social, economic, technological, and cultural trajectories, and identifying equitable and collectively significant priorities for the advancement of the educational milieu.
Standardised flow cytometric protocol for the detection of immune cells subsets in breast cancer patients. v1
Authors: Chicken Nicole
Published: January 2024

The tumour microenvironment supports tumour growth in several ways including manipulating the immune response to cancer cells. Developing accurate and reproducible assays to detect immune and characterize immune cells in cancer patients is important for understanding their impact on tumour growth and development. Multicolour flow cytometry allows for characterization of many cell populations in a single sample. In this protocol, we optimized detecting several cytotoxic and suppressive immune cell subsets that may impact on patient outcomes. In addition, this protocol can be used to monitor changes in immune cells during and after chemotherapy.
PFA treatment of OP50 v1
Authors: Evans Bonnie
Published: January 2024

Paraformaldehyde (PFA), a polymer of formaldehyde, is an organic solution that permeabilizes bacterial cells making them no longer viable/metabolically active. However, PFA does not cause the lysis of inner cell structure, meaning the bacteria are still edible for the worms. Adapted from Beydounet al. 2021.
In Silico Design and Evaluation of Novel Cell Targeting Melittin-Interleukin-24 Fusion Protein: A potential Drug Candidate Against Breast Cancer
Authors: Rehman Hafiz Muhammad , Rehman Hafiz Muzzammel , Ahmed Nadeem , Amirzada Muhammad Imran , Aslam Shakira , Bashir Hamid
Published: January 2024

Fusion proteins are designed to achieve new functionality or improved properties synergistically by incorporating multiple protein domains into one complex. The fusion of two genes to translate a recombinant protein for cancer treatment can enhance the bioactivity of drug and can introduce novel drug candidate with wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is a novel cancer growth-suppressing and apoptosis inducing cytokine while melittin is a natural honeybee derived cationic polypeptide having anti-tumor activity against breast cancer cells. The current study was aimed to perform in silico design and analyses of a melittin-IL-24 fusion protein against breast cancer. The amino acid sequences of the IL-24 and melittin peptide were used to design the fusion protein via a rigid linker. Using the online softwares we predicted the secondary and tertiary structures along with physicochemical properties of the designed fusion protein. The validation and quality of the fusion protein was confirmed by Rampage and ERRAT2. The top ranked structure from I-TASSER showed 18.1KD molecular weight by ProtParam, quality factor of 94.152 by ERRAT and a valid structure by Ramachandran plot with 88.5% residues in favoured region. The docking and simulation studies were performed using ClusPro and Desmond software. The quality, validity, interaction analysis and stability of the fusion protein depicted a functional molecule. The in silico analysis finding and expression predicted value of 0.86 in E. coli on SOLUPROT tool suggest that the melittin- IL-24 fusion protein can lead to develop a potent therapeutic drug against breast cancer.
A Hybrid Approach for Accurate Forecasting of Exchange Rate Prices Using Vmd-Ceemdan-Gru-Atcn Model
Authors: Kausar Rehan , Iqbal Farhat , Raziq Abdul , Sheikh Naveed
Published: January 2024

The foreign exchange (Forex) market has greatly influenced the global financial market. While Forex trading offers investors substantial yield prospects, some risks are also involved. It is challenging to accurately model financial time series due to their nonlinear, non-stationary and noisy properties with an uncertain and hidden relationship. Thus, developing extremely precise forecasting techniques is crucial for investors and decision-makers. This study introduces a novel hybrid forecasting model, VMD-CEEMDAN-GRU-ATCN, designed to improve Forex price prediction accuracy. To begin with, our proposed model utilizes the variational model decomposition (VMD) technique for breaking down raw prices into multiple sub-components and residual terms. The complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) technique is utilized to extract features from the residual terms, which involves further decomposition and analysis of these complex information-containing terms. These sub-components are then predicted by the gated recurrent unit (GRU) model. To enhance the effectiveness of our hybrid model, we include the open, high, low, and close prices and seven Forex market technical indicators. Finally, an attention-based temporal convolutional network (ATCN) model is used to obtain the Forex price forecasts. For both one-step and multi-step ahead forecasting, our proposed VMD-CEEMDAN-GRU-ATCN model has demonstrated superior and consistent performance in predicting USD/PKR exchange rate price series.
Carbon Quantum Dots Coupled Au Nanoparticle as Fluorescence-Based DNA Biosensors for Dengue Virus Detection
Authors: Monday Yakubu Newman , Abdullah Jaafar , Yusof Nor Azah , Abdul Rashid Suraya , Shueb Rafidah Hanim , Sidek Hamidah
Published: January 2024

This study introduces a novel DNA biosensor probe comprising carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from palm kernel shell biomass and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized via the citrate reduction method. The CQDs were doped with ethylenediamine using a hydrothermal process employing a one-pot synthesis method in an autoclave batch reactor. The resulting CQDs exhibited exceptional photoluminescent (PL) properties, with an excitation wavelength of 360 nm and an emission wavelength of 430 nm. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed the average particle sizes of the CQDs and AuNPs to be 2 nm and 15 nm, respectively. Carboxylic acid-modified CQDs were coupled to amine-modified ssDNA (PA) to construct the biosensor through the amine coupling technique. The AuNPs were modified through thiol coupling with Rhodamine B, L-cysteine, and thiol-modified ssDNA (PT). Both PA and PT probes were designed to complement the DEN-3 virus oligonucleotide. CQDs acted as fluorophores and energy donors in the biosensor, while the AuNPs functioned as nanoquenchers of fluorophores and energy acceptors. The resulting probe pair, CQDs-PA, and AuNPs-PT demonstrated remarkable Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and exhibited fluorescence turn-on upon titration with DEN-3. The biosensor displayed excellent sensitivity with a logarithmic calibration equation of 5.22LogC + 20.79 (R2 = 0.979), covering a linear range of 0.001 nM to 100 nM. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined to be 1.57 ± 0.71 nM. This innovative DNA biosensor, incorporating CQDs and AuNPs, holds promising potential for sensitive and specific detection of the DEN-3 virus.
The Domestic Work Sector in the European Union: Quantification, Evolution and Policies to Combat Precariousness
Authors: Alonso Nuria , Trillo del Pozo David , Vicent Valverde Lucía
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes the domestic work and paid care sector in the countries of the European Union (EU), which includes jobs mostly carried out by women, generally with a serious lack of job protection, low wages, degraded working conditions, informality, precariousness and “invisibility” of tasks, etc. However, these jobs represent essential services for society, since in addition to caring for family members and dependents, personal and domestic care needs must be covered. From an operational perspective, the very characteristics of domestic work do not facilitate the collection of specific statistics necessary for the study of working conditions. This problem of statistical invisibility further slows down progress in establishing measures to improve the quality of employment for these workers. Therefore, it is necessary to address the discussion on the conceptual delimitation of domestic work and the measurement criteria adopted internationally, with special emphasis on those observed in the EU. Finally, the most advanced national regulations that try to reconcile the improvement of the working conditions of women employed in domestic work with the fact of promoting these services to cover the assistance needs of many households with economic difficulties are analyzed.
Arctic Regional Governance: Actors and Transformations
Authors: Obydenkova Anastassia
Published: January 2024

This thematic issue analyzes recent and ongoing changes in Arctic regional governance in new geopolitical, security, and socio-economic contexts. It places current challenges in the Arctic within a historical context, aspiring to identify solutions, and enhances our understanding of modern processes. It presents three perspectives on Arctic regional governance: the first focuses on the challenges to Arctic environmental governance (marine living resources and Arctic seals); the second looks at the role of large nation-states, such as Russia and China, in Arctic regional governance; and the third one analyses the challenges posed to Indigenous people—in Russia, Finland, and Canada. Many overlapping themes are developed in the articles: historical lessons (e.g., from the Cold War period), challenges to the inclusiveness of environmental governance, and the role of cross-border diffusion and learning. New challenges to Arctic regional governance in the context of the war in Ukraine affect environmental governance, international scientific collaboration, and the lives of Indigenous people. Yet we know little about the depth of these recent transformations. This thematic issue aims to fill in at least some of the outlined gaps.
COVID-19 in patients with acute leukemia: 3 years' experience of pandemic
Authors: Chudnova T. S. , Misyurina E. N. , Baryakh E. A. , Tolstykh T. N. , Shimanovskaya L. T. , Gagloeva D. E. , Zhelnova E. I. , Makeshova A. B. , Yatskov K. V. , Zotina E. N. , Ivanova D. D. , Mingalimov M. A. , Kochneva O. L. , Grishina E. Yu. , Polyakov Yu. Yu. , Yakimets V. N.
Published: January 2024

Patients with acute leukemia are one of the most vulnerable risk groups for infection with SARS-CoV-2 and severe course of coronavirus infection. During the first 2 years of the pandemic, the mortality rate of patients with acute leukemia was 11-48 %, depending on leukemia type, and only reached population levels in 2022. Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in patients with acute leukemia are old age, concomitant cardiac pathology, metabolic syndrome, and the absence of acute leukemia remission. Chemotherapy administered one month before hospitalization with COVID-19 diagnosis showed statistical significance in influencing hospital mortality only in the group of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Despite this, the international medical community has recommended delaying the start of chemotherapy until clinical symptoms of coronavirus infection have completely resolved and a negative test result for SARS-CoV-2 has been obtained for all types of leukemia. Currently, the most optimal tactic is to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection by vaccinating patients with acute leukemia receiving antitumor treatment. If the immunological response to vaccination is insufficient, it is possible to use virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies as a safe and effective method of primary prevention of COVID-19.
Prognostic model and risk factors for hospital mortality in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with coronavirus infection: a single-center cohort study
Authors: Polyakov Yu. Yu. , Baryakh E. A. , Misyurina E. N. , Zhelnova E. I. , Yatskov K. V. , Makeshova A. B. , Mingalimov M. A. , Tolstykh T. N. , Chudnova T. S. , Ivanova D. D. , Koneva A. I. , Kochneva O. L. , Zotina E. N. , Gagloeva D. E. , Grishina E. Yu. , Shimanovskaya L. T. , Yakimets V. N.
Published: January 2024

Background. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents new challenges to hematologists, highlighting the vulnerability of patients with hematological malignancies, in particular with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Identification of hospital mortality risk factors is necessary for subsequent stratification of patients into risk groups, which will allow further risk-based therapy.

Aim. To develop a prognostic model and identify risk factors for hospital mortality in patients with DLBCL associated with COVID-19.

Materials and methods. The interim retrospective study included 112 patients with an immunohistochemically confirmed diagnosis of DLBCL, coronavirus infection verified based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2, and viral pneumonia associated with COVID-19. To determine the risk factors for hospital mortality, a multivariate (logistic regression) statistical analysis was performed. The study end point was a binary variable - the patient vital status (discharged alive or died).

Results and conclusion. Of the 112 patients, 24 died. Due to the limited number of patients compared to the number of predictors and to avoid overfitting, a two-stage approach to constructing a predictive model was used. In univariate analysis, statistically significant during hospitalization were the hematological disease status (complete remission/partial remission, progression/relapse, de novo), positive PCR result, C-reactive protein level >6 mg/L, platelets <100 thousand/pL, hemoglobin <120 g/L, albumin <35 g/L, lactate dehydrogenase >248 U/L, D-dimer >500 ng/mL and the degree of lung tissue damage according to computed tomography >50 % (grade II and above), respiratory failure I degrees and higher. The final model was constructed by minimizing the Akaike information criterion. The final model included a positive PCR result, stage II respiratory failure, hematologic disease status (relapse/progression), and albumin level at the time of hospital admission.
Clinical features and treatment strategy for patients with multiple myeloma during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yakimets V. N. , Misyurina E. N. , Zhelnova E. I. , Baryakh E. A. , Yatskov K. V. , Makeshova A. B. , Karimova E. A. , Zotina E. N. , Grishina E. Yu. , Gagloeva D. E. , Mingalimov M. A. , Tolstykh T. N. , Chudnova T. S. , Kochneva O. L. , Shimanovskaya L. T. , Polyakov Yu. Yu.
Published: January 2024

Background. In March 2020, doctors faced the problem of severe COVID-19 coronavirus infection in patients with multiple myeloma. This required a review of issues related to the selection of patients, the development of new preventive and therapeutic tactics aimed at treating infectious and immunological complications in patients of this category, depending on the nature and status of the underlying disease and the timing of treatment.

Aim. To assess the severity of multiple myeloma, the most common complications and features of the COVID-19 course in patients with multiple myeloma at different therapy stages (disease onset, remission, maintenance therapy, progression/refractory disease).

Materials and methods. From March 2020 to May 2022, 89 patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma and coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus were hospitalized at City Clinical Hospital No. 52 (Moscow). After assessing the severity, a decision was made on patient management, and if necessary, according to indications, the patient received specific antitumor therapy for multiple myeloma and treatment of coronavirus infection simultaneously.

Results. Treatment for coronavirus infection was carried out in accordance with the clinical recommendations of the Russian Ministry of Health at that time. It included antiviral, anticoagulant therapy, transfusions of fresh frozen convalescent plasma with a high titer of antibodies, genetically engineered biological drugs and monoclonal antibodies; if necessary, patients received antibacterial and antifungal, hormonal therapy. Specific chemotherapy was also administered according to indications.

Conclusion. Patients with multiple myeloma are at higher risk of severe COVID-19 infection. Today, the problem of developing adequate therapeutic tactics for managing patients with multiple myeloma and coronavirus infection still remains relevant. It is necessary to develop an optimal protocol for the management of such patients, including an assessment of prognostic factors, identification of clearly defined indications and contraindications for chemotherapy, and a description of supportive therapy.
DMOADs and DMARDs in the treatment of patients with joint and spine diseases
Authors: Shavlovskaya O. A.
Published: January 2024

The data on the classification of drugs, which are prescribed for the treatment of patients with joint and spine diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are presented. The groups of drugs widely used in clinical practice are disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). To help the practitioner, consolidated information is provided on the main differences between these groups according to the mechanism of action (immunomodulatory vs. immunosuppressive) and the main indications for use (autoinflammatory joint diseases (OA) vs. autoimmune joint diseases (RA, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondyloarthritis)). The material of the article is focused on the clinicians to help them make a right choice of OA therapy, and to identify the problem of drug choice in RA. Information about the possibility of using nutritional support in patients with OA is presented.
Judicial communication as a object of legal regulation
Authors: Sukhorukova O. A.
Published: January 2024

Judicial communication has a great influence on the effectiveness of procedural mechanisms for the protection of violated rights, because in its main manifestation is the actual content of the procedural legal relationship. Despite this, judicial communication does not receive the necessary attention at the legislative level due to the weak theoretical development of this issue. As a consequence of this approach, the full potential of the civil (arbitration) procedural form cannot be implemented, and in some cases neglecting the interests of judicial communication creates obstacles to the right to judicial protection and entails a violation of key principles of the process. Overcoming the negative effects is possible, first of all, by reconsidering the limits of the use in judicial enforcement of the classical legal means of regulating social relations (the rule of law, principles, legal consciousness, legal culture).
Communicative approach to law and some issues of the subject and methodology of civil procedural law science
Authors: Samsonova M. V.
Published: January 2024

The civil process is viewed through the prism of a communicative approach to understanding law as the interaction of persons interested in finding the best solution to resolve the conflict that has arisen. The communicative approach makes it possible to identify barriers and difficulties for effective communication, to develop new approaches to solving the problems of civil proceedings, to take a fresh look at its internal structure, interaction with other non-judicial procedures for the protection of subjective law. The view of civil procedure as a sphere of communication justifies the appeal to the laws of information dissemination, perception of transmitted messages, reveals the importance of information interaction before going to court and during the consideration of the case in court, the impact on the final decision, which, in the author’s opinion, is the basis for raising the issue of expanding the subject and methodology of the science of civil procedural law.
Judicial communication while approving a settlement agreement in bankruptcy case
Authors: Averina A. V.
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes the court role while approving a settlement agreement in a bankruptcy case. The implementation of the active component of this role makes the court a subject of proof and а subject of communication in the case. Recently, both the legislator and the law enforcer are inclined to limit the adversarial and dispositive principles in favor of the active role of the court in civil litigation. This trend is most pronounced in bankruptcy proceedings. Particular attention to bancruptcy cases dealt to their social significance, due to the multiplicity of diverse interests, that take place in bankruptcy procedure.

The article discusses the controversial judicial practice that exists in the modern legal field. Author concludes that the settlement agreement in the bankruptcy case cannot be limited either strictly by the concept of “settlement agreement” or — “bankruptcy procedure”.
The 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, Earthquake: Intensities and Ground Motions
Authors: Hough Susan E. , Bilham Roger
Published: January 2024

The 1 September 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, earthquake was one of the largest preinstrumental earthquakes in eastern North America for which extensive contemporaneous observations were documented. The distribution of shaking was mapped shortly after the earthquake, and reconsidered by several authors in the late twentieth century, but has not been reconsidered with a modern appreciation for issues associated with macroseismic data interpretation. Detailed contemporary accounts have also never been used to map the distribution of numerical shaking intensities in the near field. In this study we reconsider macroseismic data from far-field accounts as well as detailed accounts of damage in the near field, estimating modified Mercalli intensity values at 1297 locations including over 200 definite “not felt” reports that delineate the overall felt extent. We compare the results to the suite of ground-motion models for eastern North America selected by the National Seismic Hazard Model, using a recently proposed mainshock rupture model and an average site condition for the locations at which intensities are estimated. The comparison supports the moment magnitude estimate, 7.3, from a recently proposed rupture model (Bilham and Hough, 2023). A ShakeMap constrained by model predictions and estimated intensities further illustrates this consistency, which we show is insensitive to rupture model details. Given the uncertainty of calibration relations for magnitudes close to 7, the overall intensity distribution provides a good characterization of shaking but cannot improve the independent moment magnitude estimate. We also identify a previously unrecognized early large aftershock that occurred 9–10 min after the mainshock, for which we estimate magnitude ∼5.6.