bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Graduate Training in Written Language and the Impact on Speech-Language Pathologists' Practice: Perspectives From Faculty and Clinicians
Authors: Summy Rebecca , Farquharson Kelly
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

This study had two aims. Aim 1 was to query both communication science and disorders (CSD) faculty and school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) regarding how written language is/was covered in their graduate programs. Aim 2 was to query school-based SLPs about their written language service provision.

Method:

CSD faculty (
n
= 143) and school-based SLPs (
n
= 610) completed an online survey examining (a) if and how written language was addressed in their graduate program, (b) what content related to written language was covered in graduate school, and (c) provision of written language services in schools (SLPs only).

Results:

There was a discrepancy in reports of training provision. Faculty reported providing more training than SLPs reported receiving. However, SLPs with fewer years of experience reported slightly higher levels of training compared to those with more years of experience. Additionally, there was variability among SLPs in how often they targeted written language in therapy. Finally, receipt of training in written language was a significant predictor of provision of written language services, as reported by SLPs.

Conclusions:

SLPs play a key role on literacy teams in schools, but many SLPs did not receive adequate training in written language. In order to ensure SLPs are trained to work with children with reading difficulties, graduate programs should ensure that written language is part of the clinical and academic curricula.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24543469
Tiny machine learning on the edge: A framework for transfer learning empowered unmanned aerial vehicle assisted smart farming
Authors: Hayajneh Ali M. , Aldalahmeh Sami A. , Alasali Feras , Al‐Obiedollah Haitham , Zaidi Sayed Ali , McLernon Des
Published: November 2023

Emerging technologies are continually redefining the paradigms of smart farming and opening up avenues for more precise and informed farming practices. A tiny machine learning (TinyML)‐based framework is proposed for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐assisted smart farming applications. The practical deployment of such a framework on the UAV and bespoke internet of things (IoT) sensors which measure soil moisture and ambient environmental conditions is demonstrated. The key objective of this framework is to harness TinyML for implementing transfer learning (TL) using deep neural networks (DNNs) and long short‐term memory (LSTM) ML models. As a case study, this framework is employed to predict soil moisture content for smart agriculture applications, guiding optimal water utilisation for crops through time‐series forecasting models. To the best of authors’ knowledge, a framework which leverages UAV‐assisted TL for the edge internet of things using TinyML has not been investigated previously. The TL‐based framework employs a pre‐trained data model on different but similar applications and data domains. Not only do the authors demonstrate the practical deployment of the proposed framework but they also quantify its performance through real‐world deployment. This is accomplished by designing a custom sensor board for soil and environmental sensing which uses an ESP32 microcontroller unit. The inference metrics (i.e. inference time and accuracy) are measured for different ML model architectures on edge devices as well as other performance metrics (i.e. mean square error and coefficient of determination [R2]), while emphasising the need for balancing accuracy and processing complexity. In summary, the results show the practical feasibility of using drones to deliver TL for DNN and LSTM models to ultra‐low performance edge IoT devices for soil humidity prediction. But in general, this work also lays the foundation for further research into other applications of TinyML usage in many different aspects of smart farming.
A comparison of compact, presumably young with extended, evolved radio active galactic nuclei
Authors: Meusinger Helmut , Mhaskey Mukul
Published: November 2023

Context. The triggering and evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the interaction of the AGN with its host galaxy is an important topic in extragalactic astrophysics. Radio sources with peaked spectra (peaked spectrum sources, PSS) and compact symmetric objects (CSO) are powerful, compact, and presumably young AGNs and therefore particularly suitable to study aspects of the AGN-host connection.

Aims. We use a statistical approach to investigate properties of a PSS-CSO sample that are related to host galaxies and could potentially shed light on the link between host galaxies and AGNs. The main goal is to compare the PSS-CSO sample with a matching comparison sample of extended sources (ECS) to see if the two have significant differences.

Methods. We analysed composite spectra, diagnostic line diagrams, multi-band spectral energy distributions (MBSEDs), star formation (SF) indicators, morphologies, and cluster environments for a sample of 121 PSSs and CSOs for which spectra are available from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The statistical results were compared with those of the ECS sample, where we generally considered the two subsamples of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) and radio galaxies separately. The analysis is based on a large set of archival data in the spectral range from the ultraviolet to mid-infrared.

Results. We find significant differences between the PSS-CSO and the ECS sample. In particular, we find that the ECS sample has a higher proportion of passive galaxies with a lower star formation activity. This applies to both sub-samples (QSOs or radio galaxies) as well as to the entire sample. The star formation rates of the PSS-CSO host galaxies with available data are typically in the range ∼0 to 5 ℳ⊙ yr−1, and the stellar masses are in the range 3 × 1011 to 1012 ℳ⊙. Secondly, in agreement with previous results, we find a remarkably high proportion of PSS-CSO host galaxies with merger signatures. The merger fraction of the PSS-CSO sample is 0.61 ± 0.07, which is significantly higher than that of the comparison sample (0.15 ± 0.06). We suggest that this difference can be explained by assuming that the majority of the PSSs and CSOs cannot evolve to extended radio sources and are therefore not represented in our comparison sample.
Determination of the SO/PHI-HRT wavefront degradation using multiple defocused images
Authors: Bailén F. J. , Orozco Suárez D. , Blanco Rodríguez J. , del Toro Iniesta J. C. , Strecker H. , Moreno Vacas A. , Santamarina Guerrero P. , Hirzberger J. , Albert K. , Albelo Jorge N. , Appourchaux T. , Alvarez-Herrero A. , Gandorfer A. , Germerott D. , Guerrero L. , Gutierrez-Marques P. , Kahil F. , Kolleck M. , Solanki S. K. , Volkmer R. , Woch J. , Fiethe B. , Gómez Cama J. M. , Pérez-Grande I. , Sanchis Kilders E. , Balaguer Jiménez M. , Bellot Rubio L. R. , Calchetti D. , Carmona M. , Deutsch W. , Feller A. , Fernandez-Rico G. , Fernández-Medina A. , García Parejo P. , Gasent Blesa J. L. , Gizon L. , Grauf B. , Heerlein K. , Korpi-Lagg A. , Lange T. , López Jiménez A. , Maue T. , Meller R. , Michalik H. , Müller R. , Nakai E. , Schmidt W. , Schou J. , Schühle U. , Sinjan J. , Staub J. , Torralbo I. , Valori G.
Published: November 2023

Context. The Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on board the Solar Orbiter mission (SO/PHI) offers refocusing capabilities to cope with the strongly varying thermal environment of the optical system along the spacecraft’s elliptical orbit. The series of images recorded during in-flight focus calibrations can be employed for phase diversity analyses.

Aims. In this work we infer the wavefront degradation caused by the thermo-optical effects in the High Resolution Telescope (HRT) from images taken during the fine and coarse focus scans performed in the commissioning phase of the instrument. The difference between these two series of images are mainly related to the employed defocused step (smaller for the fine scans) and the signal-to-noise ratio (higher for the coarse scans). We use the retrieved wavefronts to reconstruct the original scene observed during the calibration of the instrument.

Methods. We applied a generalized phase diversity algorithm that allowed us to use several images taken with different amounts of defocus to sense the wavefront degradation caused by the instrument. The algorithm also uses information from both the inferred wavefront and the series of images to restore the solar scene.

Results. We find that most of the retrieved Zernike coefficients tend to converge to the same value when increasing the number of images employed for PD for both the fine and the coarse focusing scans. The restored scenes also show signs of convergence, and the merit function is minimized more as K increases. Apart from a defocus, the inferred wavefronts are consistent for the two datasets (λ/10 − λ/11). For the fine scan images, the quiet-sun contrast improves from 4.5% for the original focused image up to about 10%. For the coarse scan images, the contrast of the restored scene is as high as 11%.
Water content of rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone
Authors: Boldog Ádám , Dobos Vera , Kiss László L. , van der Perk Marijn , Barr Amy C.
Published: November 2023

In this study we investigated the interiors of rocky exoplanets in order to identify those that may have large quantities of water. We modelled the interiors of 28 rocky exoplanets, assuming four different layers – an iron core, a rock mantle, a high-pressure ice layer, and a surface ice/water layer. Due to observational bias, our study is limited to habitable zone exoplanets. We determined a range of possible water mass fractions for each planet consistent with the modelled planetary structures. We calculated the tidal heating experienced by these exoplanets through gravitational interactions with their host stars, assuming a temperature- and composition-dependent Maxwell viscoelastic rheology. Assuming radioactive elemental abundances observed in Solar System meteorites, we also calculated the radiogenic heat flux inside the planets. We estimated the probability of the presence of a thick ocean layer in these planets, taking into account the effect of both tidal and radiogenic heating. Our results showed that Proxima Centauri b, Ross 128 b, Teegarden’s b and c, GJ 1061 c and d, and TRAPPIST-1 e may have an extended liquid water reservoir. Furthermore, extremely high H2O-content of the exoplanets Kepler-62 f, Kepler-1652 b, Kepler-452 b, and Kepler-442 b suggests that these planets may maintain a water vapour atmosphere and may in fact be examples of larger ocean worlds. Upon the discovery of new rocky exoplanets beyond the habitable zone, our study can be extended to icy worlds.
Inside the bubble: exploring the environments of reionisation-era Lyman-α emitting galaxies with JADES and FRESCO
Authors: Witstok Joris , Smit Renske , Saxena Aayush , Jones Gareth C. , Helton Jakob M. , Sun Fengwu , Maiolino Roberto , Kumari Nimisha , Stark Daniel P. , Bunker Andrew J. , Arribas Santiago , Baker William M. , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Boyett Kristan , Cameron Alex J. , Carniani Stefano , Charlot Stephane , Chevallard Jacopo , Curti Mirko , Curtis-Lake Emma , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Endsley Ryan , Hainline Kevin , Ji Zhiyuan , Johnson Benjamin D. , Looser Tobias J. , Nelson Erica , Perna Michele , Rix Hans-Walter , Robertson Brant E. , Sandles Lester , Scholtz Jan , Simmonds Charlotte , Tacchella Sandro , Übler Hannah , Williams Christina C. , Willmer Christopher N. A. , Willott Chris
Published: November 2023

We present a study of the environments of 17 Lyman-α emitting galaxies (LAEs) in the reionisation-era (5.8 < z < 8) identified by JWST/NIRSpec as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). Unless situated in sufficiently (re)ionised regions, Lyman-α emission from these galaxies would be strongly absorbed by neutral gas in the intergalactic medium (IGM). We conservatively estimate sizes of the ionised regions required to reconcile the relatively low Lyman-α velocity offsets (ΔvLyα < 300 km s−1) with moderately high Lyman-α escape fractions (fesc, Lyα > 5%) observed in our sample of LAEs, suggesting the presence of ionised hydrogen along the line of sight towards at least eight out of 17 LAEs. We find minimum physical ‘bubble’ sizes of the order of Rion ∼ 0.1–1 pMpc are required in a patchy reionisation scenario where ionised bubbles containing the LAEs are embedded in a fully neutral IGM. Around half of the LAEs in our sample are found to coincide with large-scale galaxy overdensities seen in FRESCO at z ∼ 5.8–5.9 and z ∼ 7.3, suggesting Lyman-α transmission is strongly enhanced in such overdense regions, and underlining the importance of LAEs as tracers of the first large-scale ionised bubbles. Considering only spectroscopically confirmed galaxies, we find our sample of UV-faint LAEs (MUV ≳ −20 mag) and their direct neighbours are generally not able to produce the required ionised regions based on the Lyman-α transmission properties, suggesting lower-luminosity sources likely play an important role in carving out these bubbles. These observations demonstrate the combined power of JWST multi-object and slitless spectroscopy in acquiring a unique view of the early Universe during cosmic reionisation via the most distant LAEs.
Mass bias in clusters of galaxies: Projection effects on the case study of Virgo replica
Authors: Lebeau Théo , Sorce Jenny G. , Aghanim Nabila , Hernández-Martínez Elena , Dolag Klaus
Published: November 2023

When measuring the observed pressure, density, or temperature profiles of the intracluster gas, and hence the mass of clusters of galaxies, projection effects or departures from the spherical symmetry hypothesis may induce biases. To estimate how strongly the cluster’s observed properties depend on the direction of observation, we use a constrained hydrodynamical simulation of the Virgo cluster that replicates the actual cluster of galaxies. In this case study, we analysed Virgo properties when projected in different directions, including along the Milky Way-Virgo axis, which mimics our observation direction. We compared the hydrostatic mass and the hydrostatic mass bias from the projection along the different observation directions to that derived from the 3D simulation. We show that projection effects impact the determination of Virgo mass. We particularly demonstrate that the mass and pressure along the line of sight correlate with the 2D- and 3D-deprojected electron density and pressure profiles intensity and thus impact the derived hydrostatic mass. We also show that the deviations to the hydrostatic equilibrium induced by pressure discontinuities within the cluster are emphasised by the deprojection process and thus make the hydrostatic mass estimation invalid at these radii.
Mid-infrared evidence for iron-rich dust in the multi-ringed inner disk of HD 144432
Authors: Varga J. , Waters L. B. F. M. , Hogerheijde M. , van Boekel R. , Matter A. , Lopez B. , Perraut K. , Chen L. , Nadella D. , Wolf S. , Dominik C. , Kóspál Á. , Ábrahám P. , Augereau J.-C. , Boley P. , Bourdarot G. , Caratti o Garatti A. , Cruz-Sáenz de Miera F. , Danchi W. C. , Gámez Rosas V. , Henning Th. , Hofmann K.-H. , Houllé M. , Isbell J. W. , Jaffe W. , Juhász T. , Kecskeméthy V. , Kobus J. , Kokoulina E. , Labadie L. , Lykou F. , Millour F. , Moór A. , Morujão N. , Pantin E. , Schertl D. , Scheuck M. , van Haastere L. , Weigelt G. , Woillez J. , Woitke P. ,   MATISSE & GRAVITY Collaborations
Published: November 2023

Context. Rocky planets form by the concentration of solid particles in the inner few au regions of planet-forming disks. Their chemical composition reflects the materials in the disk available in the solid phase at the time the planets were forming. Studying the dust before it gets incorporated in planets provides a valuable diagnostic for the material composition.

Aims. We aim to constrain the structure and dust composition of the inner disk of the young Herbig Ae star HD 144432, using an extensive set of infrared interferometric data taken by the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI), combining PIONIER, GRAVITY, and MATISSE observations.

Methods. We introduced a new physical disk model, TGMdust, to image the interferometric data, and to fit the disk structure and dust composition. We also performed equilibrium condensation calculations with GGchem to assess the hidden diversity of minerals occurring in a planet-forming disk such as HD 144432.

Results. Our best-fit model has three disk zones with ring-like structures at 0.15, 1.3, and 4.1 au. Assuming that the dark regions in the disk at ~0.9 au and at ~3 au are gaps opened by planets, we estimate the masses of the putative gap-opening planets to be around a Jupiter mass. We find evidence for an optically thin emission (τ < 0.4) from the inner two disk zones (r < 4 au) at λ > 3 µm. Our silicate compositional fits confirm radial mineralogy gradients, as for the mass fraction of crystalline silicates we get around 61% in the innermost zone (r < 1.3 au), mostly from enstatite, while only ~20% in the outer two zones. To identify the dust component responsible for the infrared continuum emission, we explore two cases for the dust composition, one with a silicate+iron mixture and the other with a silicate+carbon one. We find that the iron-rich model provides a better fit to the spectral energy distribution. Our GGchem calculations also support an iron-rich and carbon-poor dust composition in the warm disk regions (r < 5 au, T > 300 K).

Conclusions. We propose that in the warm inner regions (r < 5 au) of typical planet-forming disks, most if not all carbon is in the gas phase, while iron and iron sulfide grains are major constituents of the solid mixture along with forsterite and enstatite. Our analysis demonstrates the need for detailed studies of the dust in inner disks with new mid-infrared instruments such as MATISSE and JWST/MIRI.
Empirical analysis of determining the influence of the level of innovative development on the economy of world countries
Authors: Rajabov Alibek , Ibadullaev Ergash , Egamov Bahtiyor , Zaripov Xurshid , Qosimov Jaxongir
Published: November 2023

This study analyzes the relationship between the Global Innovation Index (GII) and GDP per capita for the countries of the world, developed in cooperation with the International Business School (INSEAD), Cornell University (Cornell University) and the International Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). This relationship was determined using correlation-regression analysis. According to the results of the analysis, the average level of the GII index in the appropriate groups of countries according to their incomes increased with the increase in GDP per capita. This fact proves that innovation is an important factor in the economic development of countries and policymakers should pay more attention on research and development to achieve innovatitive development.
The impact of digital citizenship on the development of the socio-political environment of the region
Authors: Hernández García De Velazco Judith Josefina , Chumaceiro Hernández Ana Cecilia , Kiselitsa Elena , Timerbulatova Alyona , Velazco Hernández Jovana Cristina
Published: November 2023

The emergence of cyberculture, characterized by extensive use of digital technologies, has transformed various spheres of life, notably the political domain. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of digital citizenship on the development of the socio-political environment of the region. The research methodology includes a comprehensive review of literature from specialized databases, providing a rich understanding of the evolving trends in cyber communication and digital citizenship. The study concludes that the exercise of citizenship within a cyberpolitical framework can contribute significantly to democratic expression, provided it aligns with the users’ comprehension and purposeful consumption of digital content. Authors conclude that digital citizenship have the transformative potential for socio-political development, while also highlighting the need for enhancing digital literacy and critical thinking skills among citizens to ensure the positive impact of this transformation in a region.
Day of the week effect on select scheduled commercial banks in India
Authors: Swetha M. , Jegadeeswari S.
Published: November 2023

The Day of the Week effect is a phenomenon observed in financial markets where the performance of securities or stocks varies based on the day of the week. This study investigates the presence of the Day of the Week effect in the financial performance of selected banks. Specifically, it examines whether certain days of the week exhibit consistent patterns of higher or lower returns for these banks. The study focuses on a sample of prominent banks and analyzes their daily stock returns over a specified time period. Various statistical techniques, such as mean return analysis and regression models, are employed to identify and quantify any systematic patterns associated with different days of the week. The findings from this research contribute to the existing literature on market anomalies and behavioral finance by shedding light on the Day of the Week effect in the banking sector. Understanding the presence of such patterns can be valuable for investors, traders, and financial institutions in formulating trading strategies and managing risk. The results of this research will provide insights into the behavior of selected banks' stock returns and offer implications for portfolio management, market efficiency, and regulatory policies. Additionally, the study may prompt further investigation into the underlying causes of the Day of the Week effect, such as investor sentiment, trading behavior, or market microstructure. Overall, this research aims to contribute to the understanding of the Day of the Week effect in the banking sector and its implications for financial markets. By examining the performance of selected banks across different days of the week, this study offers insights that can be valuable to both academics and practitioners in the field of finance.
Analysis of the Market Development of Transport and Cargo-Carrying Services in The Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Mukhamedova Ziyoda , Ibragimova Gulshan , Tulayev Altinbek , Kayumov Shohrukh
Published: November 2023

The research in this article is aimed at finding ways to increase the competitiveness of railway transport. The results of the study will further reveal the possibilities of railway networks to ensure the delivery, in the shortest time, of large volumes of cargo to domestic and foreign markets, the uninterrupted functioning of the necessary infrastructure for placing cargo facilities on the railway network. The object of research is the state of the transport system, which plays a decisive role in commerce.
The Economic Impact of the UzTE16M3 Diesel Locomotive on the Marokand-Kattakurgan Railway Section
Authors: Ablyalimov O.S. , Rajibaev D.O.
Published: November 2023

The Role of FDI and Rail Transport in the Economic Development of Central Asia. This paper examines the role of foreign direct investment (FDI) and rail transport in the economic development of Central Asia. The paper begins by providing an overview of the economic development of the region, with a focus on the role of FDI. The paper then discusses the role of rail transport in the region, and the implications of the growth in rail freight between China and Europe. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges and opportunities facing Central Asia in the coming years. Central Asia has attracted significant FDI in recent years, due to the region’s abundant natural resources, its strategic location, and its improving business environment. FDI has helped to improve the infrastructure in Central Asia, and has also created jobs and boosted economic growth. Rail transport is also a key driver of economic growth in Central Asia. The growth in rail freight between China and Europe is a positive development for Central Asia, as it provides an opportunity for the region to become a major transit hub. However, Central Asia still faces a number of challenges, such as political instability and economic volatility. If Central Asia can overcome these challenges, it has the potential to become a major economic player in the years to come.
Research of artificial intelligence as a subject of crime
Authors: Begishev Ildar , Asli Mehrdad Rayejian , Denisovich Veronika , Majorov Andrey , Sergeyev Andrey
Published: November 2023

The paper focuses on the prospects of recognizing artificial intelligence as a subject of crime and the presence of artificial intelligence as Mens Rea and Actus Reus. The paper aims to do the following: (1) study the international experience of the criminal justice response to crimes committed with the use of artificial intelligence based on the systematic and comparative analysis, and (2) answer the question of the possibility of recognizing artificial intelligence as a subject of crime. The research is based on a wide range of international sources and data from international organizations, national legislation, and scientific literature. Within the study, we have used the following research methods: historical, comparative, formal-legal, and functional methods, and a systematic approach. As a result, we have found that artificial intelligence has the ability to implement all three components of guilt: act, direct causal link, and occurrence of socially dangerous consequences. Consequently, we have concluded about the possible definition of artificial intelligence as a special subject of crime. Therefore, we have proposed considering some of its fundamental properties as possible criminological prerequisites for recognizing artificial intelligence as a special subject of crime.
Peculiarities of the Kazakhstani labor market
Authors: Aidaraliyeva Aizhamal , Sultanova Zamzagul , Tapalova Assel , Zhangaliyeva Yelnaz , Ibyzhanova A.D.
Published: November 2023

Essence and current condition of Kazakhstani labor market, its dominant problems, and the ways of their solution are considered in the article. The article explores the peculiarities of the concept, structure and types of employment among the population, the notion and essence of the labor market, and the methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the state’s labor and employment policies. The state policy in the sphere of employment and market relations is considered. The public policy analysis of labor market and employment is carried out, the main indicators characterizing the labor market are estimated, the problems that accompany the subjects functioning in it are summarized, the influence of unemployment on the efficiency of Kazakhstan’s economy is shown. Despite the huge influence of informal employment on the social sphere, this problem has been little researched in our country. In the regions of Kazakhstan insufficient attention has been paid to the mechanisms of improvement of employment, including the labor market. In the conclusion of the paper it has been indicated by authors that metrics of employment and unemployment are used as the core macroeconomics aggregates for evaluation the economy pie in toto and for identifying its main tendencies.
Financing investment activities trends in the Russian Federation
Authors: Naminova Kermen , Auslender Anna , Fayzullayev Nurulla , Andriyanov Ochir , Shamurotov Nodirbek
Published: November 2023

The necessity to achieve the economic development goals in the Russian economy low investment attractiveness conditions determines the studying relevance of the state support financial forms measures for investment activities, increasing their efficiency in order to increase the attracted investments volume. The article describes the state support financial forms for investment activities. The investment activity financing sources are given and characterized. The paper refers to the analysis of the financing investments sources dynamics and structure in fixed assets in the Russian Federation; the attracted funds dynamics and structure in the investments financing in fixed assets in the Russian Federation; budgetary funds share dynamics (state support) in the funds overall structure raised in the of investments financing in fixed assets in the Russian Federation. It is concluded that the investment activity state regulation in Russia can be divided into two components: the financial and economic part; general part.
Small Business Investment processes financing package
Authors: Naminova Kermen , Auslender Anna , Khajieva Iroda , Shamurotov Nodirbek , Dumskiy Pavel
Published: November 2023

The investment importance, their financing issues at the small business level reflect the current agenda of the state socio-economic development. The investment market is a set of objects and subjects actions through the investment services implementation. In general, the Russian investment market tasks are: innovative projects implementation; development of the investment potential of the market as a whole. The article defines the small business role, it presents the financial support forms for small businesses. The authors come to the conclusion that the “project finance” category is a complex tool that can be presented in different forms and types. A similar point of view has developed due to the lack of consensus among researchers and practitioners; the main features of financing investment projects in the small business segment are highlighted: the lack of their own funds to finance investment projects; the attracting financial resources difficulty in investments using credit instruments (lack of collateral); underdevelopment of small business.
Internal control system as a fraud management element in the company
Authors: Efremova Elena I. , Zatsarinnaya Elena I. , Soloshenko Anna A.
Published: November 2023

The article examines the internal control system as an element of countering and combating corporate fraud in the organization, analyzes the possible risks of malicious actions in the organization strategic areas. The methods of internal fraud management in the organization are proposed. Internal control is a set of methods whose task is to evaluate the results of the organization’s work, as well as control of the protection mechanism, which is aimed at preventing fraudulent actions, potential errors and violations. Internal control prevents falsification of accounting statements. Accounting and financial statements act as a link between organizations, investors, as well as other users of the organization’s reporting. The reliability of accounting and financial statements is a decisive factor in making important decisions, because its falsification leads exclusively to losses for investors. Organizations often provide falsified reports, having a desire to show a more advantageous financial condition, to raise funds or conclude successful contracts. Falsification is always carried out with violation of legislation and regulations.
Developing a service for urban waterway transport
Authors: Girin A.R. , Grigoriev D.A. , Gadasina E.B.
Published: November 2023

This paper outlines the implementation of a service for passengers using urban waterway transport. The service is designed to provide users with aggregated information about the city’s water infrastructure and facilitate communication between them. By doing so, it aims to improve the safety and comfort of using urban waterway transport. As part of this study, we segmented the users of passenger urban waterway transport and analyzed their information needs. Based on this analysis, we described the service data, using the example of St. Petersburg’s water infrastructure. Finally, we implemented the service as a mobile application.
Impact of consumers confidence on buying behaviour
Authors: Pavithra M. , Velmurugan R.
Published: November 2023

This study looks at the connection between consumer confidence and purchasing patterns. An important psychological component that affects consumer decision-making and purchase behaviours is consumer confidence. Understanding how consumer confidence affects purchasing behaviour and the ramifications for businesses and policymakers is the goal of this research. According to the study’s findings, consumer confidence and purchasing behaviour are positively correlated. The number of purchases made grows in tandem with rising consumer confidence. This shows that customers are more inclined to participate in purchasing behaviour when they feel more optimistic about the economy and their financial status.
Modern models of accounting and analytical support for management decision-making
Authors: Tarasov Evgeny M. , Nadezhkina Snezhana A. , Zolkin Alexander L. , Saradzheva Olga V. , Kornetov Alexander N.
Published: November 2023

Modern models of analytical support for management decision-making are considered in the article. The authors of the article present the main approaches to data analysis used in modern models of analytical support, as well as the principles and methods of making management decisions. Moreover, the main models of management decision-making, such as the hierarchy analysis method, the SWOT analysis method, the expert assessment method, and other methods are considered in the article. The features of their application and examples of practical use are described. At the end of the article, conclusions about the prospect of accounting and analytical support in the management of modern companies are made.
Financing shipping of Russian Federation: Modern instruments, methods and markets. The shipping IPO market
Authors: Shevchenko Igor , Tretyakova Svetlana , Avedisyan Natalya , Khubutiya Natalya
Published: November 2023

The research contained in this article discusses ship finance, analyses modern instruments, methods, and markets that shipping companies employ to fund their investment projects. In a highly dynamic and volatile business environment, ship finance becomes highly sophisticated, innovative and complex. Emphasis is placed particularly on financial position employed by Russian shipping companies that rank on insufficient place of international shipping. Offered new financing instruments include new forms of bank lending, leasing and syndication, international equity initial public offerings (IPOs)
Research Results of the Process of Cooling the Gasoline Fraction with Dry and Wet Air
Authors: Khurmamatov A.M. , Muminov J.A.
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results and conclusions of experiments on the effect of dry and wet air on the cooling efficiency in an air cooler in order to improve the processes of cooling gasoline fractions at oil and gas processing enterprises.
Ways to Develop Financial Resources in the Innovative Development of the Economy
Authors: Baratova Dinora , Khasanov Khayrullo , Hakimov Hakimjon , Uktamov Khusniddin , Gulomov Elbek
Published: November 2023

This article examines strategies for amassing financial resources to spur innovative economic development, a pressing global issue, particularly in light of the recent pandemic. Emphasis is placed on maintaining operational continuity in production and services by funnelling funds from national and international capital markets into the corporate sphere, preserving the financial stability of joint-stock companies, ensuring employment, and introducing novel financing mechanisms. The paper also provides a detailed analysis of economic studies on the structure and characteristics of capital markets. The process of garnering financial resources from capital markets, guided by cash flow direction and the deployment of hybrid financial instruments during finance agreement negotiations, is also discussed. Overall, the article seeks to elucidate and address the challenges of driving innovation in economic growth through effective financial resource management.
Socio-Economic Impact on Water Conservation Implementation in Uzbekistan
Authors: Makhmudov I.E. , Mirzaev A.A. , Rajabov A.Kh. , Musaev Sh.M. , Ulugbekov B.B.
Published: November 2023

Employing water-conservation methods for crop growth amid water shortages driven by climate change is a prominent socio-economic challenge globally. Enhancing the efficacy of water-conservation methods and optimising the economic structures for their broad deployment necessitates a focus on both scientific and practical research in this domain. Hence, this review study delves into the socio-economic landscape of Uzbekistan's water sector and investigates economic strategies to augment the efficiency of water-conservation techniques.
The impact of artificial intelligence on the development of modern society
Authors: Eflova Maria , Vinogradova Yulia , Vitushkin Aleksandr
Published: November 2023

This study explores the impact and perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern society, focusing on the attitudes of young individuals in Kazan, Russia. The purpose of the research is to investigate the integration of AI into various facets of life and its implications. Employing qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study assembles a diverse focus group and conducts a sociological survey among 2206 Russian youth to gauge digital socialization and competencies. The results reveal that AI, in its current state, serves as a valuable support tool for professional, educational, and creative tasks but is not viewed as a complete replacement for human capabilities. However, concerns arise regarding potential job displacement, creativity's degradation, and data security threats. In conclusion, while AI holds promise for transforming industries and daily life, it remains a tool with limitations. Responsible AI implementation and further research are imperative to address ethical dilemmas and societal challenges. Striking a balance between AI's potential and its consequences is essential to ensure a harmonious coexistence between technology and humanity.
Development of civic activism as a strategy of public regulation in the field of information security
Authors: Andreeva Julia , Polyanina Alla
Published: November 2023

This article explores the evolving landscape of civic activism in Russia within the realm of information security, with a particular focus on safeguarding children from harmful content. The study's primary objective is to assess the scale of civic activism, examine its stages and effective strategies, and explore motivational mechanisms driving citizen engagement. Employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including surveys, case analysis, focus groups, and expert interviews, the research spanned from 2019 to 2023. Findings reveal a transition from spontaneous to more structured and institutional forms of civic activism. Participants underscored the need for tighter governmental regulation of the information sphere, clarifying harm criteria, and enhancing legal accountability. The article underscores the role of NGOs and civil society in augmenting governmental efforts and notes the prevalence of specific psychological characteristics among civic activists. The unification of interpretations of harmful content and the formation of civic structures represent significant trends in the evolving civic activism landscape. In summary, this study underscores the pivotal role of civic activism in ensuring a safer digital environment for children and reveals its potential to stimulate more robust governmental responses to information security challenges.
Formation of research culture of students in the teaching of physics in higher education
Authors: Orazov B. , Issayeva G. , Ualikhanova B.
Published: November 2023

In the article the possibilities of development of research cul-ture of students of non-skew professional pedagogical education. The research culture of students is a brief description of his level of qualification for his selfsocialization, his abilities, skills and knowledge. He also demonstrates that education, knowledge, and skills in research cul-ture the basis for the training of future teachers and are important for the development of the individual. Scientific - research culture of students of non-spry professional pedagogical education.
Effect of extracellular levanase SacC from Bacillus subtillis on two–species Staphylococcus aureus – Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms
Authors: Mutallapova Guzel , Zhuravleva Daria , Kayumov Airat , Trizna Elena
Published: November 2023

The formation of polymicrobial biofilms significantly increases the resistance of bacteria in them to a wide range of antibiotics thus making their eradication challenging in infectious medicine. In recent years, the emergence of a large number of antibiotic-resistant strains has contributed to a significant increase in severe cases of infectious diseases. Natural compounds such as alkaloids, terpenes, bacterial peptides and enzymes have great potential in combating polymicrobial diseases, associated with the biofilm formation. At the same time, the enzymatic treatment of biofilms has a number of advantages, since the enzymes are nontoxic, do not cause resistance and can increase the effectiveness of existing antimicrobials. Here we show that recombinant extracellular levanase SacC can promote the destruction of two-species biofilms S. aureus – P. aeruginosa and increase the effectiveness of antibiotics against bacteria in the biofilm up to 16 times.
Obtaining Lubricants Based on Local Raw Materials with Improved Performance Characteristics
Authors: Rizaev Abdumalik , Soipov Sarvar
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of the conducted researches on production of lubricants for heavy loaded friction units, such as rail and gear units with improved operational characteristics by using purified waste oils.
Digitalization of agriculture in Russia: Current state, problems and prospects of development
Authors: Ivanova Elena , Glyzina Maria
Published: November 2023

The article examines the main trends in the development of agriculture in Russia, their positive orientation is noted, despite the threats and challenges that arise in the process of its progressive development. From the standpoint of an integrated approach, the problem field of this important sector of the national economy has been formed, which includes such interrelated components as: the retirement of large agricultural areas from business turnover; low rates of updating equipment for the industry; insufficient level of development of small farming forms in rural areas; low level of development of infrastructure organizations; lack of cheap investments for the industry development; low rates of digital transformation of business processes of agricultural production. The necessity of intensifying scientific research in terms of the digital transformation of the agricultural sector of the country is noted and a set of issues that are the most controversial on the analyzed problem is highlighted, including the state of the legislative framework; state support; personnel support for digitalization, the use of foreign experience, methodological support; strategic prospects. For each of the directions, the author's position is proposed, formed considering current state of digitalization in country regions and possibilities of its resource provision
Pull-Up Spring of Cotton Harvesting Apparatus: A Review of Design Considerations and Advancements
Authors: Abdazimova Anvar , Azimov Bakhtiyor , Saitov Ulugbek , Atajanova Muborak
Published: November 2023

The pull-up spring is a crucial component of cotton harvesting apparatus, responsible for lifting the spindles to reach cotton bolls efficiently. Over time, the design of pull-up springs has evolved, with the focus on materials, shape, and size. This review article explores the historical development of pull-up springs, the impact of material choices, the significance of the spring's shape, and the considerations for its optimal size. By analysing existing research and patents, this article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of pull-up springs in cotton harvesting machines.
Problems faced by small farm holders in co-operative society in Udumalpet
Authors: Prabhusekar S. , Prema M.
Published: November 2023

This study examines highlights the problems faced by small farm holders in cooperative societies in Udumalpet. Cooperative societies play a vital role in supporting and empowering small farmers by providing them with various benefits and services. However, despite their significance, small farm holders encounter several challenges within these societies that hinder their growth and success. The impact of these problems on small farm holders, such as reduced productivity and income, decreased competitiveness in the market, and limited opportunities for growth and development. It highlights the significance of addressing these challenges to ensure the sustainable development of small farmers and the overall agricultural sector in Udumalpet. It suggests that effective policies, improved access to resources and support services, enhanced training and capacity building programs, and transparent governance mechanisms are some potential measures that could alleviate the challenges faced by small farmers. highlighting the specific problems faced by small farm holders in cooperative societies in Udumalpet, this abstract aims to raise awareness and contribute to the development of strategies and interventions that can enhance the livelihoods and well-being of small farmers in the region.
Features of intensive production in the development of agriculture: The innovative aspect
Authors: Kravchenko D.P. , Akupiyan O.S. , Chovgan N.I. , Bobrysheva N.V. , Molchanova L.A.
Published: November 2023

In the article, the authors reveal the organizational and economic mechanism of innovation-intensive development of agricultural enterprises, which is based on a comprehensive system of scientific, technical, economic, technological research and development and depends on organizational, legal, economic, legal and technical levers to increase the efficiency of activities. The component of scientific support for innovation-intensive development, methods and directions of its implementation in agricultural production are identified and justified. It is proved that the determining role in modern conditions for the formation of an innovation-intensive type of development is played by a set of factors that are conditionally divided into external and internal, organizational and managerial, scientific and technical, technological, informational, etc. According to the results of the research, the spheres of application of scientific developments are proposed and the directions of their implementation on the way to the transition to an innovation-intensive type of production in agriculture are highlighted.
Analytical assessment of the economic efficiency of innovations in the field of agro-industrial complex
Authors: Gusev A.Yu. , Koshkina I.G. , Klimyuk L.Ya.
Published: November 2023

Significant financial resources are invested in the innovative economic development in all countries of the world. At the present stage of development of the Russian Federation, there is a complex of problems hindering the introduction of innovations in the activities of most sectors of the national economy of Russia. The modern methodology for evaluating the efficiency of investments does not take into account the innovative component, and the calculation of efficiency is carried out by the “boiler” method, where it is difficult to identify the role and significance of innovations in increasing the effect of investment activity. To solve this problem, it is proposed to identify and evaluate the efficiency of innovations and their profitability, separately from the integral investment costs by analytical decomposition of investment profitability parameters. The proposed algorithm allows to explore not only the quantitative side of investments and their volumes, but also evaluate the quality of the investment project, explore and analyse the cost structure, its qualitative characteristics, and identify the most effective investment and innovation costs.