bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexible microstructured pressure sensors: design, fabrication and applications
Authors: Gao Yang , Xiao Ting , Li Qi , Chen Yang , Qiu Xunlin , Liu Jiawen , Bian Yuqing , Xuan Fuzhen
Published: April 2022

In recent years, flexible pressure sensors have caused widespread concern for their extensive applications in human activity and health monitoring, robotics and prosthesis, as well as human-machine interface. Flexible pressure sensors in these applications are required to have a high sensitivity, large detective limit, linear response, fast response time, and mechanical stability. The mechanisms of capacitive, piezoresistive, and piezoelectric pressure sensors and the strategies to improve their performance are introduced. Sensing layers with microstructures have shown capability to significantly improve the performances of pressure sensors. Various fabrication methods for these structures are reviewed in terms of their pros and cons. Besides, the interference caused by environmental stimuli and internal stress from different directions leads to the infidelity of the signal transmission. Therefore, the anti-interference ability of flexible pressure sensors is highly desired. Several potential applications for flexible pressure sensors are also briefly discussed. Last, we conclude the future challenges for facilely fabricating flexible pressure sensors with high performance and anti-interference ability.
Phosphine free synthesis of copper telluride nanocrystals in 1D and 2D shapes using Dipehylditelluride (DPDTe) as an air-stable source
Authors: Mishra Mohini , Patil Niraj Nitish , Zubair Maria , Kapuria Nilotpal , Lebedev Vasily , Adegoke Temilade Esther , Ryan Kevin M , Singh Shalini
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we have developed a ‘phosphine-free’ method for synthesising copper telluride nanocrystals using diphenyl ditelluride as an air-stable tellurium source. The diphenyl ditelluride is shown to have optimal reactivity for the colloidal synthesis of Cu2Te, allowing optimal control over the phase and morphology. Using this unexplored Te precursor for copper telluride synthesis, 1D nanorods of hexagonal phase (Cu2Te) were synthesised at a moderate temperature of 180 °C. The precise control over key parameters for this system results in Cu2−x
Te nanocrystals forming with varied shapes (1D nanorods and 2D nanoplates), sizes, and crystal phases (hexagonal Cu2Te and orthorhombic Cu1.43Te).
Visible-light responsive ZnSe-anchored mesoporous TiO2 heterostructures for boosted photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI)
Authors: Alsheheri Soad Z , Shawky Ahmed , Alsaggaf Wejdan T , Zaki Z I
Published: April 2022

The accumulation of Cr(VI) ions in water can cause serious influences on the environment and human health. This work reports a humble synthesis of ZnSe nanoparticles anchored to the sol-gel prepared TiO2 for visible-light-driven photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) ions. The 7.9 nm ZnSe nanoparticles were attached to TiO2 surfaces at a content of 1.0−4.0 wt% as experiential by TEM investigation. The designed nanocomposite unveiled mesostructured surfaces exhibiting surface areas of 176−210 m2 g−1. The impregnation of ZnSe amended the visible-light absorption of TiO2 due to the bandgap decrease from 3.14 to 2.90 eV. The photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) applying the optimized portion of 3.0 wt% ZnSe/TiO2 was achieved at 177 μmol min−1. This photocatalytic activity is higher than the common Degussa P25 and pristine TiO2 by 20 and 30 times, respectively. The improved performance is signified by the efficient interfacial separation of charge carriers by the introduction of ZnSe. This innovative ZnSe/TiO2 has also shown photocatalytic stability for five consecutive runs.
Self-powered, low-noise and high-speed nanolayered MoSe2/p-GaN heterojunction photodetector from ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths
Authors: Sandhu Harmanpreet Kaur , John John Wellington , Jakhar Alka , Sharma Abhishek , Jain Alok , Das Samaresh
Published: April 2022

Integration of nanolayered metal chalcogenides with wide-bandgap semiconductors forming pn heterojunction leads to the way of high-performance photodetection. This work demonstrates the fabrication of a few nanometer thick Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2)/Mg-doped Gallium Nitride (p-GaN) heterostructure for light detection purposes. The device exhibits low noise broadband spectral response from ultraviolet to near-infrared range (300–950 nm). The band-alignment and the charge transfer at the MoSe2/p-GaN interface promote self-powered photodetection with high photocurrent to dark current ratio of 2000 and 1000 at 365 nm and 640 nm, respectively. A high responsivity of 130 A W−1, detectivity of 4.8 × 1010 Jones, and low noise equivalent power of 18 fW/Hz1/2 at 365 nm is achieved at an applied bias of 1 V. Moreover, the transient measurements reveal a fast rise/fall time of 407/710 μsec for the fabricated device. These outcomes exemplify the viability of MoSe2/p-GaN heterostructure for high-speed and low-noise broadband photodetector applications.
Cumulants of the chiral order parameter at lower RHIC energies
Authors: Herold C , Limphirat A , Saikham P , Nahrgang M
Published: April 2022

We study cumulants of the chiral order parameter as function of beam energy as a possible signal for the presence of a critical end point and first-order phase transition in the QCD phase diagram. We model the expansion of a heavy-ion collision by a fluid dynamic expansion coupled to the explicit propagation of the chiral order parameter sigma via a Langevin equation. We evolve the medium until a parametrized freeze-out condition is met where we calculate event-by-event fluctuations and cumulants of sigma which are expected to follow the trend of net-proton number cumulants. We emphasize the role of a nonequilibrium first-order phase transition: The presence of an unstable phase causes the well-known bending of the trajectories in the space of temperature and baryochemical potential. For these cases at lower beam energies, the system crosses the freeze-out line more than once, allowing us to calculate a range of cumulants for each initial condition which are overall enhanced for the second hit of the freeze-out line. We thus find not only the critical end point but also the phase transition of the underlying model clearly reflected in the cumulants. The impact of volume fluctuations is demonstrated to play a measurable role for fluid dynamical evolutions that last significantly long.
Cosmic bounce with α(e
−β
G
− 1) + 2λ
T model
Authors: Yousaf Z , Bhatti M Z , Aman H
Published: April 2022

We consider a model of f(G, T) gravity to study the bouncing phenomenon of our universe with FLRW metric. We take f(G, T) = α(e
−β
G
− 1) + 2λ
T and develop field equations for a particular form of Hubble parameter. The explicit forms of energy density and pressure are formulated for a perfect cosmic fluid, that gives energy conditions and well explained the bouncing. The role of deceleration parameter, jerk, and snap are explored. The graphical demonstration is also done for these terms with fixed values of model parameters. Finally, we discuss a special form of f(G, T) gravity model that ensures the bouncing universe.
New method of exponential potentials reconstruction based on given scale factor in phantonical two-field models
Authors: Fomin I.V. , Chervon S.V.
Published: April 2022

We investigate two-field cosmological model with phantom and canonical fields (phantonical model as a generalisation of the quintom model for global universe evolution, including early inflationary stage). The model is represented as the chiral cosmological model with the target space conformal to 2D pseudo-Euclidean space. We found three sorts of exact solutions for a constant potential by direct integration
of dynamic equations and proposed new method of exact solution construction also extended for e-folds N-formalism for the case of non-constant exponential potential. We show that the exact solutions of cosmological dynamic equations can be obtained in explicit form for any type of scale factor evolution a(t) which implies the explicit inverse dependence t = t(a), considering the quasi de Sitter expansion of the universe with non-negligible kinetic energies of scalar fields and showing that the appeared effective cosmological constant can be considered as the source of second accelerated expansion of the universe. Further we analyze cosmological perturbations in the two-field model under consideration reducing it to the single field one. Such transition give us the way of cosmological parameters calculation and comparison them to observational data. We find that in proposed two-field cosmological model the isocurvature perturbations are negligible, and observable curvature perturbations are induced by adiabatic modes only. The series of phantonical models based on exact inflationary solutions are represented, and it is shown the correspondence to observational data for these models.
Research on Dynamics and Large Angle Attitude Robust Control Technology of “Dumbbell” Spacecraft
Authors: Ai Qingmu , Fan Hongwei , Wang Qian , Liu Dun , Li Shunli
Published: April 2022

In this work, the deployment state dynamics modeling and large angle attitude control of “dumbbell” spacecraft are studied. Firstly, based on the principle of multi-body dynamics, the rigid flexible coupling dynamic model is established by using Newton Euler method and finite element technology. Secondly, using Lagrange equations of the second type, the vibration equation is established. Furthermore, the unconstrained modal method is used to solve the unconstrained modal frequencies and formations. Finally, according to the large angle control requirements of “dumbbell” spacecraft, its stability is analyzed. A PD controller with robust term is designed to realize the large angle attitude control.
GA and RBFNN based PID for altitude-depth control of the multirotor Hybrid Aerial Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Zongcheng Ma , Xianyong Jing , Zhuoran Zhang , Shuchen Xiao , Tian Zhao , Guoshuai Li
Published: April 2022

Multirotor Hybrid aerial underwater vehicle (HAUV) is the vehicle which could operate both in air and underwater powered by multi-rotors. The water-air trans-domain process is very changeling for the change of the floatage and added mass and ‘ground effect’. This paper researched on the effect of the intelligent algorithms on the trans-media control. And the genetic algorithm (GA) based and radial basis function (RBFNN) based proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are developed for the trans-domain process. Then simulations and conclusions are made for these two controllers. It shows that the GA based PID controller is suitable for the trans-domain process. The RBFNN based PID controller could even do better work with the repeated optimized PID parameters value of GA. But one must pay attention to that the RBFNN-PID is very sensitive with the initial PID values. The initial values of PID parameters must be repeated optimized with GA to guarantee the better effect of the RBFNN-PID.
Optimal Calculation Method for Buried Depth of Ground Anchor of Carrying Rope of Material Ropeway of Transmission Line
Authors: Chen Liu , Yongzhong Huang , Lianmao Li , Fei Wang , Huazhong Chen
Published: April 2022

The article adopts the soil weight method to propose an optimized calculation method for the buried depth of the ground anchor of carrying rope of material ropeway of transmission line, considering the shallow burial and deep burial situations. In the case of different soil types and conditions, the angle between the carrying rope and the horizontal ground, etc., a calculation process was designed to determine the minimum buried depth of ground anchor that meets the requirements of anti-pulling stability. The calculation result meets the construction safety requirements of ground anchor burying, and provides a calculation basis for the construction of ground anchor burying of carrying rope of material ropeway of transmission line.
The Application of Geodesic in Deployable Antenna Mesh Dividing
Authors: Duan Yu Zhu , Hu Fei , Zhang Lei , Li Yi Chen , Guan Yue Chao , Zhu Jia Long
Published: April 2022

Space deployable antennna has the characteristics of Lightweight, large diameter, high precision etc, which can meet the requirements of the launch vehicle carrying and payload’s Electromagnetic performance. Antenna’s mesh dividing have the direct bearing on payload’s Electromagnetic performance, geodesic mesh dividing has the advantage of shortest length of mseh line. but the equation solving of geodesic is complicated,which Impeding the geodesic’s application In academic and engineering fields. in this paper, a method has be proposed to solve the difficulty of geodesic equation solving. the solving result can be used in antenna’s mesh dividing, meanwhile the solving result can be used in Robot trajectory planning, Air route planning,Navigation route planning,Architectural structure design,etc. great care should be taken in constructing both.
Analysis of an Abnormal Faults of UHV DC Low-end YD-A Phase Converter Oil Chromatography
Authors: Zhou Xiu , Ma Bo , Liu Weifeng , Tian Tian , Luo Yan , Ma Yunlong , Wang Hehu
Published: April 2022

The article introduces an abnormal malfunction of YD-A converter oil chromatogram at the low end of UHVDC converter station, through oil chromatography data, ultrasonic positioning, on-site feeding, returning to plant disassembly and simulation calculation, which confirmed that the breakage of the isopotential of the converter electrostatic plate is the cause of the abnormal oil chromatogram and put forward corresponding suggestions and measures.
Design of Load Path-oriented BCCz Lattice Sandwich Structures
Authors: Zhao Shengjie , Zong Xinxiang , Wu Nan
Published: April 2022

Lattice structures are increasingly used in lightweight designs due to the advances of additive manufacturing. The overall performance of the lattice structures highly depends on the lattice cell arrangement. Previous studies show that body-centered cubic with z-axis reinforcement (BCCz) lattice has higher stiffness and strength compared to regular body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice subject to unidirectional compression. In this report, a load path-based methodology for the design of BCCz lattice sandwich structure with variable reinforcement directions is presented. A homogenization model of the sandwich structure with a specified volume fraction is developed first. Load path analysis is then conducted on the homogenization model to calculate the pointing stress vectors, which are lastly used to determine the orientations of BCCz cells. Based on the numerical simulations of a cantilever sandwich structure, the proposed lattice design has superior specific stiffness over the designs based on BCC or uniformly oriented BCCz unit cells.
Research on Axial Modification of Traction Gear
Authors: Shi Chunxiang , Xu Weipeng
Published: April 2022

When locomotive traction gear is meshed in transmission, unbalanced loading is easily formed due to various factors such as deformation and error. The research shows that axial modification can avoid this problem. In order to meet the design requirements of axial modification on different types of traction gear, the idea of parameterization can effectively reduce the development cycle. In this paper, on the premise of clarifying the structural form of locomotive driving device, the working characteristics of traction gear are introduced, the force analysis of motor shaft and axle is carried out in consideration of various aspects, the deflection deformation of each part is computed and superposed according to material mechanics, and the mathematical model of axial modification is established by combining the driving direction of motor comprehensively. The calculation model of load distribution is determined according to the actual error. Taking a certain type of locomotive traction gear as an example, the feasibility of the algorithm is verified by comparing the theoretical calculation value with the measured data and load distribution patterns before and after modification, and the results show that this method has guiding significance for axial modification.
Gunpowder Throwing Environment Simulation Test Method Research
Authors: Yang Bin , Sheng Dilun , Ni Debin , Fu Dongxiao , Chen Yilin , Hu Yahong
Published: April 2022

This method provides an initiating explosive device and charge of gunpowder scatters environment simulation device, the device instead of using real bomb throwing explosive gunpowder, the explosive subjected to high overload damage environment process, dramatically reducing the test cost. This device to throw environment adjustment is convenient, can be obtained by changing the shear plate thickness adjustment cast pressure; by changing the charge structure, regulation of projection velocity; test through the acquisition of the combustion chamber P - T curve and the dispersal velocity to evaluate the gunpowder scatter effect.
Design of linear steam distillation machine with arduino remote connection via messaging
Authors: Arizapana Renojo K K , Lazo Tapia W A , Sifuente Lopez J A
Published: April 2022

This study aims to design a piece of distillation equipment, with greater efficiency and extraction capacity. Currently, there are steam distillation machines, most of these equipment has the capacity to distill between 1 to 100 kilograms of material. In the present design, a linear vapor trace distillation is applied, with a capacity to distill 200 kilograms of schinus “molle” on the other hand, the equipment will have connection to a mobile phone through Arduino, from which it will be possible to make emergency stops. This research was obtained through calculations showing that 1.89 liters of essential oil can be extracted from every 200 kilograms of molle. Finally, it is concluded that the current still is theoretically more efficient, extracting much more oil than the other still. Also, it has the capacity to distill all those roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds that have an essence.
Design and Analysis of Micron Chip Transformer
Authors: Wenyu Jiang , Yingjie Qu , Jin Meng , Hao Tang
Published: April 2022

With the rapid progress of power electronics high frequency conversion technology, the traditional magnetic components are more and more difficult to meet the requirements of modern electrical product design. In contrast, chip magnetic components have the advantages of small volume, low height and light weight in structure, small leakage inductance, low electromagnetic interference and high efficiency in electrical characteristics. They are very attractive in switching power supply with high frequency and high-power density. This paper studies the design and analysis of components, which has done useful work for the development of component magnetic design.
A TCAR method for common clock source single difference carrier phase observation ambiguity fixing
Authors: Xiao Ling , Si Changzhe , Ye Xin , Zhang Bangshuang , Qin Gang , Bai Yue
Published: April 2022

The ambiguity resolution is the key issue for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) high precision position. As the traditional three carrier ambiguity resolution (TCAR) method has shortcoming when solving the carrier ambiguity of single difference carrier phase measurement. A single difference carrier phase (SDCP) three carrier ambiguity resolution method was proposed by using the estimation of the relative position between two receiving antennas. It is illustrated by the test experiments that the success rate of SDCP ambiguity resolution with using the proposed algorithm is more than 98%; and the three-dimension(3D) position accuracy based on the ambiguity free SDCP measurements is about 58% higher than the position accuracy that using double differences carrier phase (DDCP) measurements.
A multipath migration method for common clock source SDCP observation using polynomial fitting technique
Authors: Xiao Ling , Si Changzhe , Ye Xin , Zhang Bangshuang , Qin Gang , Bai Yue
Published: April 2022

The multipath error is the major error source for high precision positions. One sidereal filtering multipath migration method is proposed for single difference carrier phase(SDCP) measurement based on polynomial fitting technique. The multipath error prediction is estimated by constructing a piecewise polynomial function based on polynomial fitting of one sidereal period multipath errors. Then the multipath error of the measurement is eliminated by subtracting the corresponding prediction. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by field experiments. The experimental results show that the 3-dimension (3D) accuracy of proposed method is improved by 68.9%, compared with the results that without multipath error eliminating.
Research on Model-Based Combined Failure Analysis Method for Integrated Modular Avionics
Authors: Chen L , Zhang F K , Lin X G , Zhou Y H
Published: April 2022

Aiming at the combined failure problem of Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) system under the condition of resource sharing, this paper proposes a model-based combined failure analysis method for IMA system. Based on the system architecture model and the fault tree model containing the failure cause, the method integrates the failure cause relationship of the IMA system, and completes the analysis of the combined failure effect of the IMA system. By taking the failure conditions of a certain function of the IMA system as an example, the effectiveness of the analysis method is verified.
Tile-based multiple parallel triangle rasterization algorithm implemented in FPGA
Authors: Xue Junjie , Ai Dihan , Wang Mingjiang
Published: April 2022

With the progress of rendering technology, the industry has put forward higher requirements for GPU performance while rasterization algorithm plays an important role in GPU performance. In this paper, we first review some of the current mainstream rasterization algorithms. Then we propose a triangle rasterization algorithm—tile-based multiple parallel midpoint rasterization algorithm. This algorithm combines the characteristics of midpoint traversal and tiled traversal. At last, we use FPGA to implement the algorithm in order to verify the feasibility of the algorithm. And we use the triangle data set used in previous papers to simulate in Modelsim software. The results show that this algorithm can improve the rasterization speed and the highest frequency of this design is 200MHZ.
AI intelligent wayfinding based on Unreal Engine 4 static map
Authors: Xie Yuhang , Chen Yihong , Wang Ziyi , Ou Yangjun
Published: April 2022

The development of games is closely related to the development of game engines. Unreal Engine is a mainstream game development engine. Unreal Engine has a powerful lighting rendering function and blueprint programming system.Therefore, using Unreal Engine for game development will better meet the requirements of modern game users for game quality and game content. In games, the AI path-finding system is often the core of a game. However, the path-finding component of the unreal engine is usually only applies to three-dimensional game and is used for intelligent path-finding in dynamic environment. Howerve, the 2D game usually finds the way in static environment. At present, there are a lareg number of path-finding algorithms and theoretical studies based on static environment, but there is no simulation experiment and detailed explanation of intelligent path-finding in static environment based on the Unreal Engine platform. This article firstly explains the principle of path-finding algorithms that are several commonly used in static environment. Then it compares the performance of different algorithms, and selects the optimal solution among several schemes by summarizing the experimental results. Then based on the optimal path-finding algorithm, using blueprint programming to implement AI path-finding in the Unreal engine. Finally, this article sort out and summarize the overall work process and indicate direction for future optimization.
A Novel Exploration of Potential Music Influence Based on Graph Theory
Authors: Luo Zheng , Chen Yujie
Published: April 2022

Most artists have been influenced by their predecessors or peers in their lives, who brought them inspiration to form their own composing style and direction. This pattern is particularly important for the study of the developing trend of the music field. Based on the da ta which records the influence relationships of musicians over the years, we construct a directed influence network, reflecting the connection among musicians. Then from the perspective of the subnetwork, a synthetic appraisal model is put forward to quantify the influence of artists. In order to indicate its correctness and objectivity, the influence patterns between musicians and their works are further explored by analyzing the attributes of songs. Finally, for the music itself, the properties of the music are analyzed through standardized regression to obtain the characteristics that have the greatest impact on the music influence.
Airport UAV and birds detection based on deformable DETR
Authors: Shanliang Liu , Yunlong Li , Jingyi Qu , Renbiao Wu
Published: April 2022

The aviation industry is growing rapidly, but due to inadequate airport surveillance technology, there have been incidents of UAV intruding into airports and birds striking aircraft in the clearance area. Existing airports use radar-based detection technology to monitor UAV and birds in the clearance area, and they cannot correctly identify the type and number of UAV and the size and number of birds. Based on this problem, this paper proposes a deformable DETR (DEtection TRansformer) based detection method for UAV and birds to assist airports to better supervise the clearance area and reduce safety hazards. In response to the small size of airport UAV and birds, we adopt a deformable DETR object detection method using multi-feature fusion to detect UAV and birds in the airport environment. The model has good detection performance with mAP of 75.2 and recall of 95.0%, which meets the airport’s requirements for UAV and bird detection, as verified by the actual data collection. This method can help to improve surveillance methods within the clearance area of airports and can also provide technical support for the detection of small objects in other areas.
Improving Few-Shot Learning with Vision Transformer
Authors: Qi Di
Published: April 2022

Vision Transformer (ViT) is emerging as an alternative to convolutional neural network (CNN) for visual recognition and has achieved impressive results, however, due to its data-hungry nature, ViT encoder in few-shot setting remains rarely explored. In this paper, we first propose a simple yet effective baseline that exploits the complementarity of self-supervised learning (SSL) and ViT, enabling the use of standard ViT model as the few-shot learner. Second, based on the baseline, we introduce a novel regularized fine-tuning framework, where the Parametric Instance discrimination (PID) and Base-Novel (BN) regularizations are proposed to reduce the intra-class variance and calibrate the biased distribution of novel classes to further enhance few-shot recognition. We conduct extensive experiments and show that our method can achieve new state-of-the-art performances on two widely used benchmarks.
Multi-scale Image Denoising via a Regularization Method
Authors: Tan Yi , Fan Jin , Sun Dong , Gao Qingwei , Lu Yixiang
Published: April 2022

Image restoration is a widely studied problem in the field of image processing. Although the existing image restoration methods based on denoising regularization have shown relatively well performance, image restoration methods for different features of unknown images have not been proposed. Since images have different features, it seems necessary to adopt different priori regular terms for different features. In this paper, we propose a multiscale image regularization denoising framework that can simultaneously perform two or more denoising prior regularization terms to better obtain the overall image restoration results. We use the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) to optimize the model and combine multiple denoising algorithms for extensive image deblurring and image super-resolution experiments, and our algorithm shows better performance compared to the existing state-of-the-art image restoration methods.
Self-supervised flow field decoupling for Controllable face reenactment
Authors: Kong Xianwei , Xiong Shengwu
Published: April 2022

Face reenactment is a face image generation method. Its main task is to generate a new image given a source image and a driving image, which has the facial motion information of the driving image while retaining the content information of the source image. Existing flow-based approaches have demonstrated high-quality results, but these works regard the head movement as a whole, and cannot achieve more flexible movement control, and often suffer from the loss of identity information. In this paper, we propose a novel Controllable multi-identity face reenactment(CFReenet), which uses the prior information of facial motion to decompose the movement as two parts of pose and expression and use the curriculum strategy to decouple movement and identity information and better maintain identity information. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
A Dual Stream Model for Anti-infrared Decoys: Exploiting Interaction and Contextual Relationship
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Wang Yuehuan
Published: April 2022

The infrared decoy jamming release process has spatio-temporal correlation. In order to mine the spatio-temporal correlation between target and decoys, we propose a dual stream model for anti-decoys based on graph convolutional network and long short-term network. The method proposed models the interaction relationship of the target and decoys, and combines contextual information to infer the real target. Experimental results on our prepared dataset with ground truth labels demonstrate that the algorithm proposed outperforms existed anti-decoy jamming methods in various metrics.
Workingtool for application of granulated ameliorators
Authors: Vasilyev A A , Vasilyev S A , Igoshin D N , Lopotkin A M
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the application and distribution of granulated ameliorants in the subshovel space during tillage with subsurface cultivator. Researches show that subsoil application of nutrient granules improves the agrophysical properties of soil, which in turn increases its fertility. The article presents obtained parameters of agrophysical properties before and after the passage of tillage unit; in particular hardness, volume crumbling coefficient and bulk weight of soil changed after granulated ameliorators were introduced into soil. The obtained results are close to reference values, which make it possible to judge the practical and effective use of this working tool for application of granulated ameliorators.
The effect of low-temperature processing of semi-finished potatoes on the ascorbic acid content
Authors: Grigorieva R Z , Kostina N G , Podlegaeva T V , Shalimova D V
Published: April 2022

In Russia, only 2% of grown potatoes are processed, while in Western countries this figure exceeds 50%. In the food industry the use of potatoes in processed form (various semifinished products) has a number of advantages as compared to fresh potatoes. It is established that the range of processed potato products is expanding every year, however, one of the most popular types of semi-finished products from potatoes are those subjected to low-temperature processing. In this regard, the change in the content of ascorbic acid in semi-finished potato products during freezing and storage was studied. After examining the chemical composition of five varieties of potatoes grown in the Kemerovo region the “Rikeya” variety was selected. Freezing of the potatoes was carried out at temperatures of -24ºC and -40ºC with natural, as well as forced convection with an air velocity of 1.25 and 2.5 m/s. The resulting frozen semifinished products were stored for 25 days at temperatures of -12ºC, -18ºC, -24ºC. It was found that the temperature of freezing and storage, as well as air velocity during freezing, significantly affect the preservation of vitamin C in semi-finished potatoes. The determining factor contributing to the preservation of the processed potatoes’ quality is the temperature regimes of freezing and storage – the smaller the difference of these temperatures, the less the loss of ascorbic acid.
Determination of the drying temperature of the medicinal plant prickly capers - “Capparis spinosa L.” fruits by the method of mathematical modeling
Authors: Ya Inagamov S , Tajibaev G G , Sh Ilhamov H , Yoqubjonov D , Mukhamedov G I
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the optimal drying temperature of the medicinal plant prickly capers - “Capparis spinosa L.” was studied and mathematical models were determined by comparing experimental data with data calculated using the Lagrange and Newton interpolation formula and the choice of regression analysis. The regression equation has the form of a polynomial and a polynomial level. The mathematical model in which the level of the polynomial was 6 and higher was almost indistinguishable from the models in the form of a polynomial which level was 4 or 5. When determining the optimal drying temperature of the fruit of the medicinal plant prickly capers - “Capparis spinosa L.” by mathematical modeling, it is shown that graphs with a polynomial degree of n=3 and higher have the same values as graphs in which the degree of the polynomial is almost equal to n=2. The coincidence of the theoretical results with the experimental data obtained in determining the optimal drying temperature for the fruit of the medicinal plant prickly capers - “Capparis spinosa L.”, shows the adequacy of the mathematical model. It was found that the optimal drying temperature of the medicinal plant prickly capers - “Capparis spinosa L.” is 333 – 343 K and this is confirmed by mathematical modeling.
Evaluation of new cultivars of cherries and sweet cherries on the main economically valuable traits in the conditions of the Bryansk region
Authors: Kanshina M V , Yagovenko G L , Misnikova N V , Astakhov A A
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of testing samples of cherries and sweet cherries, created at the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine. Cherry is one of the most important fruit crops in central Russia. In recent years, there has been a sharp reduction in the area of its cultivation. The main cause of the cherry crisis is stress factors that contribute to physiological disorders, weakened resistance to pathogens and reduced yields. Intense damage to leaves by coccomycosis and moniliosis is accompanied by powerful necrosis, which is a phenotypic manifestation of a developing disease and allows an accurate assessment of genotypes by resistance class. Sweet cherry is a new fruit crop in central Russia. Evaluation of 50 varieties of sour cherries and cherries according to a complex of economically valuable traits made it possible to identify a number of promising samples for their transfer to State tests. Among them are varieties and varieties: cherries - Ruskol, Bryansk Talisman, 2-11-33, 2-12-11, 3-18-23; cherries - Rusaliya, Valentina, Darnitsa, Milan and others. The State Register of Breeding Achievements includes 10 cultivars of cherries and 15 cultivars of sweet cherries bred by the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “FNTs VIK im. V.R. Williams”.
Technology of hydroponic growing of cinquefoil (Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb.)
Authors: Makarov P N , Makarova T A , Samoylenko Z A , Gulakova N M
Published: April 2022

The article assesses the productivity and yield of shrubby cinquefoil grown hydroponically. If the necessary conditions for the cultivation of plants are met, 2-3 cuts can be achieved within 4 months of cultivation. Productivity of plants under the white lights: 0.58 kg/m2 for the first cutting, 1.34 of kg/m2 for the second cutting, 1.12 of kg/m2 for the third cutting; under the combined lights: 0.46 kg/m2, 0.89 kg/m2 and 0.78 kg/m2 respectively. The yield of cinquefoil gowned traditionally is 0.66 kg/m2.
Adaptation of the photosynthetic function of Juniperus communis L. in the mountainous middle taiga dark coniferous forests of the Southern Urals
Authors: Tishkina E A
Published: April 2022

The article studies the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and the ratio of their forms in the needles of Juniperus communis L. in the mountainous middle taiga dark coniferous forests of the Southern Urals during the winter and summer periods in contrasting conditions of the tundra-clear forest transition zone within the same slope of Dalniy Taganay. The assessment of the morphophysiological state makes it possible to assess the adaptive capabilities of plants, which consist in changing the content and ratio of pigment forms, transformation of the life form, while the accumulation of the pigment composition does not depend on age. Adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus at the level of the ratio of photosynthetic organs allows this species to maintain growth parameters and gain an advantage in light spruce forest conditions.
Growth and yield of pine plantations of different initial densities
Authors: Dubenok N N , Lebedev A V
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the study is to assess the role of the initial density of forest stands on indicators of growth and productivity based on long-term observation data. Analysis of long-term data on the study of the growth of pine plantations of different initial planting densities showed that the initial planting density initially sets the individual history of the interaction of trees and the formation of the stand. In denser stands, crown closure and the formation of a forest canopy occur earlier. In them, at an earlier age, the volume stock reaches its maximum. The main difficulty in growing forest plantations is the need to take into account biological sustainability.
Isolation and Utilization of Patchouli Oil (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) as an Anti-Bacterial Alternative
Authors: Ermaya D , Widodo YR , Teguh D
Published: April 2022

Patchouli (Pogestemon cablin Benth) is one of the essential plants used as a fixative agent, due to alcohol contains in this plants.. The main component obtained from destilation process is patchouli alcohol (45-50%). Other important industrial chemicals include patchouli camphor, cadinene, azuluene and others. Body scent can be caused by several factors due to excess activity and metabolism. Staphylococcus epidermidis is known as bacteria that trigger body scent. This study aims to formulate deodorant cream from purified patchouli oil. And measure the physical, chemical properties and to determine the deodorant formulation (consentration pachouli alkhol (PA)). Then proceed with statistical processing with ANOVA. Based on the organoleptic test, the best results were obtained from the formula with 1% PA concentration. The result show that patchouli oil has meet the standard according SNI. SNI for patchouli oil, the patchouli oil was brownish yellow colour and had a distinctive patchouli aroma. From the results of GCMS after sonification, the highest component is azuluene followed by patchouli alcohol.
Small deviations and Chung’s law of iterated logarithm for a hypoelliptic Brownian motion on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Carfagnini Marco , Gordina Maria
Published: April 2022

A small ball problem and Chung’s law of iterated logarithm for a hypoelliptic Brownian motion in Heisenberg group are proven. In addition, bounds on the limit in Chung’s law are established.
Institutional and Organizational Crisis: The CIA After 9/11
Authors: Willmetts Simon , Hijzen Constant
Published: April 2022

The events of 9/11 profoundly changed the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. To begin with, 9/11 itself was a crisis that came to be regarded by many as an “intelligence failure.” Questions were soon asked about what the CIA had known about the 9/11 hijackers before the attacks and whether they could have done more to prevent them. These questions eventually inspired two separate official inquiries, exposing the CIA to considerable public scrutiny. Soon after, the quality of CIA intelligence was once again called into question. In 2003 the United States invaded Iraq. The Bush administration based its case for war on faulty intelligence that suggested Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction. After the invasion, it became clear that he did not. Following another series of inquiries, mounting evidence suggested that not only had mistakes been made by the CIA but also that the Bush administration had exaggerated the intelligence in public and ignored the significant reservations and counterarguments within the U.S. intelligence community, which challenged the conclusion that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction.

Ironically, given that these two major scandals in the aftermath of 9/11 focused attention on the quality of the CIA’s intelligence analysis, 9/11 also shifted the main focus of the CIA’s attention away from traditional intelligence work. For obvious reasons, after 9/11, the CIA focused increasingly on counterterrorism. This changed the CIA. Counterterrorism, as opposed to more traditional intelligence work, often involves intervention, and sometimes violent intervention. After 9/11 the CIA led special forces operations and played a leading role in the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan. In Afghanistan, and across the globe, the CIA captured terrorist suspects, rendered them to secret prisons in foreign countries, and tortured them. After President Barack Obama closed the CIA’s secret prisons and ended the practice of torture, increasingly the preferred method of dealing with terrorist suspects was to kill them, via drone strikes or through special forces raids. As a result, CIA intelligence collection and analysis became less of a passive activity, where the aim is to understand a particular strategic question, and more “kinetic” in obtaining information that might help target terrorist suspects and mark them for death. As a result, the traditional line within the CIA between operatives and analysts began to blur. Moreover, the CIA’s increasing involvement in these violent, military-like activities exposed them to numerous scandals that became crises of their own.
Organization Development
Authors: Burke W. Warner
Published: April 2022

Organization development (OD) is a process of planned change that involves an entire organization with a particular focus on the organization’s culture and leadership. OD has the dual purpose of first to help the leadership and management of the organization address a particular need for change such as dealing with new technology, if a business confronting the competition in the industry, delivery of services more effectively if involved in the world of healthcare, reducing bureaucracy if a government institution, improving the quality of food and service if a restaurant chain, or providing an increase in safety and equity in the enforcement of the law if in the legal system, to name some examples. The second purpose of OD is to change an organization in the direction of increased involvement of organizational members in decision making that directly affects them in their daily work. This second purpose helps to strengthen organizational members’ commitment to the first purpose.

OD is based on open system theory and a particular set of values. Regarding theory, we begin with the organization’s external environment, for example, its competition, and its impact, input, on the organization, the consequences of that impact on the organization, throughput, followed by what management does in dealing with the competition, output, completing the theoretical cycle of input-throughput-output followed by a continuation of the cycle. With respect to values, a premium is placed on humanism, participation, collaboration, growth, and development. The OD practitioner intervenes in the organization with suggestions for organizational members' involvement, but the bulk of the practitioner’s work time is devoted to diagnosis and providing feedback to management accordingly.
Chinua Achebe
Authors: Ochiagha Terri
Published: April 2022

Chinua Achebe, acclaimed as the “father of modern African literature,” came to canonical prominence thanks to the seismic impact of his first novel, Things Fall Apart (1958)—the best-known work of African literature in the world—and his indictment of colonial discourse in the seminal essay “An Image of Africa: Racism in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness,” originally delivered as a lecture at the University of Massachusetts in 1974. His influence and impact, however, far surpasses these two literary events. While Things Fall Apart was neither the first African novel nor the first to capture the trauma of the colonial encounter, Achebe’s transliteration of the Igbo language—its beauty, philosophy, and cadences of speech—in clear, eloquent prose, and his intimate knowledge and subversion of the Western literary tradition enthused literary critics around the world, inspired generations of African writers, and was key in instituting African literature as a field of scholarly inquiry. He further helped shape the direction of African writing in editorial roles—most notably as the founding editor of Heinemann’s African Writers Series—and through his manifold critical and biographical essays, many of which preempt ideas at the core of postcolonial theory, albeit with a more accessible and mellifluous idiom.

Over the course of his writing career, Achebe published five novels (Things Fall Apart, No Longer at Ease [1960], Arrow of God [1964], A Man of the People [1966], and Anthills of the Savannah [1987]), children’s books (Chike and the River [1966], How the Leopard Got His Claws [1972], The Flute [1977], and The Drum [1977]), two collections of short stories (The Sacrificial Egg and Other Stories [1962] and Girls at War and Other Stories [1972]), two volumes of poetry (Beware, Soul Brother [1971] and Collected Poems [2004]), four collections of essays (Morning Yet on Creation Day [1975], Hopes and Impediments [1988], Home and Exile [2000], and The Education of a British-Protected Child [2008]), a political treatise (The Trouble with Nigeria [1983]), and his final work, There Was a Country (2012), a memoir on his experiences of the Nigerian Civil War.
Islam and Emancipation
Authors: Hanretta Sean
Published: April 2022

Emancipation is a broad concept that includes liberation from slavery as well as broader projects of self-fulfillment. Muslims in Africa have drawn on Islamic sources both to justify and to critique enslavement, slaveholding, and slavery as an institution. Commercial law in particular recognized slave owners’ rights and early debates focused on categories of enslaveability. Slaves themselves drew on Islamic resources to improve their personal situation, to press for reforms, and to critique or try to overthrow the institution as a whole. Political transformations often created openings for more radical attempts to remake social hierarchies in the name of Islam, while Islamic revolutions both disrupted and facilitated the slave trade, depending on time and place. More broadly, critiques of other forms of ascriptive inequality, such as those based on race, caste, former slave status or slave descent, gender, and sexuality, have had equally complex relationships with the ways people have drawn on Islam. Many, but not all, analysts have emphasized the greater effectiveness of emancipatory projects that mobilize Islamic repertoires rather than relying on “Western” ideas of liberalism. The colonial era provided a new set of intellectual and political resources for those seeking to support or critique inequalities in Islamic terms. Halfhearted efforts to abolish slavery created some openings, but colonial commitment to maintaining social order limited its impact. The discursive legacy of colonialism has been more pronounced, particularly by creating an alignment between cultural nationalism and some conservative readings of Islamic sources, while neocolonial discourses can marginalize or even hamper the emancipatory efforts of Muslim activists.