bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF MODELING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS TOPOLOGY CONSIDERING INTERNODAL INTERFERENCE
Authors: Fedorenko Vladimir Vasilevich , Samoylenko Vladimir Valerevich , Alduschenko Daria Vladimirovna , Emelyanenko Igor Vladimirovich
Published: July 2020

The article presents the analysis of developing methods of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) topologies based on a graph structure. It indicates the prevalence of tolerance criteria for de-scribing the links between nodes, for example, the limiting distance of radio communication, a sufficient ratio of signal/energy (interference + noise). To consider the impact of inter-node interference on the network topology it is proposed to use the permissible values of bit error probabilities or erasing an information packet in case of distortion of at least one its elements as a criterion for stable communication. The algorithm for calculating an analytical model of internode communication channel is presented to evaluate the effect of intra-network additive and multiplicative noise on the reliability indicator of incoherent message reception in the form of a bit error rate. Expression for the coefficient of structural interaction of the received signal and the interference complex is obtained, which allows considering the dependence of bit error rate on the energy components of individual interference at the receiver input, frequency separation value of a signal and values of each disturbance, their phase shifts and the duration of the information bit. There has been considered practical application of the WSNs topology modeling technique for the internode communication channels with Rice fading of a useful signal and Rayleigh fading of an intra-network interference complex (a case study of using CC2500 modems as part of WSNs nodes). As a result of analysis, there have been determined the relations between nodes, for which the bit error rates do not exceed the allowable value established by requirements for channel capacity and the length of information packets. The presented modeling approach proves the possibility of improving the network topology due to developing the internode links by redistributing the frequency resource between the nodes or adjusting the operation modes of the modems.
RESEARCH OF RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTROGRAMS USING METHODS OF LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Tretiakov Igor Aleksandrovich , Danilov Vladimir Vasilevich
Published: July 2020

The article presents the study of experimental curves of the spectral spectra of radio waves of the FM-range developed on a laboratory model. The algorithm was used to define sections, for which the complexity function took locally minimal values. The standard was determined for each section of the curve, in which all the arithmetic mean ordinates of all areas correspond to the certain class. For a more extended linguistic description of the experimental curves, it is proposed to compile the description taking into account the location of the curve sections on the abscissa axis. The obtained extended linguistic description of the curve will reflect not only classes of simple events, but their phases as well. As a result of applying the linguistic analysis system for the analysis of spectral

radiograms, it can be inferred that the experimental curves are presented in the form of short and reliable rules for the analysis of the radiogram spectrum. The use of standards allows to accurately represent each chain of characters in each group with a minimum distance to the standard. The obtained

extended descriptions quite accurately describe the behavior of the curves studied.
MODEL OF THE INFORMATION ADVISORY SYSTEM OF SUPPORT OF DECI-SION MAKING WHEN CHOOSING THE METHOD OF TESTING THE SOFT-WARE
Authors: Galimova Ekaterina , Belov Sergey Valerevich
Published: July 2020

High quality software systems is an urgent task for any enterprise. Improving quality increases the competitiveness and relevance of software products. One of the tools to ensure quality is testing software systems. This article discusses the basic principles of building an information-advisory system (IAS) of decision support when choosing a method for testing software. The conceptual approaches to testing based on the functional characteristics of software classes are analyzed. When choosing a testing method, it is recommended to take into account not only the financial component, but also the specific characteristics of the tested software system. A list of questions has been developed with the help of which the qualitative properties of software systems are formalized. The list of questions is based on the ISO / IEC 25010: 2011 model. Questionnaires and tables of pairwise comparisons of questions are invited to fill out a group of experts. Questions have equivalent significance with respect to the criterion of “Importance for Automation”. When selecting experts, it is not always possible to create a homogeneous group, therefore, it is proposed to calculate the weighting coefficients of competence of each expert. Based on the data obtained, weights are calculated for answers to questions. Next, the convolution is calculated and, depending on the result, a recommendation is made on choosing the type of testing. The analytical and structural model of IAS is constructed. In the developed software system, a data input subsystem, a subsystem for ranking questions and expert competencies, and a unit for generating the resulting data are allocated. The proposed IAS will make it possible to calculate the competency coefficients of experts, to rank questions according to the degree of importance for testing automation, and to choose the optimal approach to testing software systems.
Creating corporative network for management of higher educational institution and its technopark
Authors: Mamedov Dgavanshir , Genjeliyeva Gulnara , Aliyeva Sabina , Valiyeva Banovsha
Published: July 2020

The article presents the analysis of the principles of a higher educational institution effective management and its technopark and provides the solution of organizing corporate governance within the local network of educational departments of Sumgait State University (SSU)

and a scientific - research center and the manufacture module. On the basic of the hierarchical structure of SSU and its technopark, an IP-addressing scheme was offered to organize a corporate network between SSU faculties and a scientific research center with automated workplaces

of a flexible manufacture module. The number of junctions and the percent values of a corporate network for the departments of faculties, scientific and manufacture parts of technology parks are determined and presented as a table. The number of points of educational and technopark sections of SSU have been calculated. For junctions in the corporate local network of management and training faculties of SSU there were used C-class IP addresses on 192.168.1.0–192.168.1.44. There has been worked out the algorithm for defining the number of junctions of SSU and technopark sections providing effective managing of their corporative network.
MODIFICATION OF POWER CONTROL ALGORITHM ELECTRIC STATION
Authors: Kovalev Adel' , Kolotilov Yury Vasil'evich
Published: July 2020

Currently, the bulk of the information necessary for the implementation of supervisory control and the controllability of electrical equipment comes from telemechanics systems. A prerequisite for the construction of new electric power facilities or for the reconstruction of old ones is the introduction of telemechanics systems.

Telemechanics systems are actively developing and improving. Initially, all of them consisted of a controlled telemechanics center that monitors and controls the system, receiving and processing analog signals from analog measuring transducers via numerous direct cable communication lines. The main disadvantages of such an organization of telemechanical systems include a large amount of connecting cables, scaling difficulties and low metrological characteristics. With the advent of digital transmitters, it became possible to transmit signals from them in digital form, which reduced the number of connecting lines and simplified the scaling and fault tolerance of systems. Now with the help of one measuring transducer it is possible to measure several parameters at once. The main measured parameters of power plants include: current strength, phase voltages, AC frequency, active, reactive and apparent power.

This article describes the organization of the telemechanics and communication systems of the Astrakhan TPP-2. The analysis of the existing station power control algorithm is given. A variant of its modification is proposed. An example of the implementation of the proposed modification of the algorithm is described.
‘Tombul’ Fındığında E Vitamini ve Yağ Asidi Bileşenlerine Sulamanın Etkisi
Authors: BOSTAN Saim Zeki
Published: July 2020

Bu araştırma, 2015 yılında Giresun ilinde yetiştirilen 'Tombul' fındık çeşidinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada farklı sulama düzeylerine göre (% 0, % 50 ve % 100) E vitamini ve yağ asitleri bileşenlerinin değişimi araştırılmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak düzenlenmiştir. Sulamalar mini yağmurlama sistemiyle yapılmıştır. Fındık ocaklarına, sulama yapılmayan kontrol ile % 50 ve % 100 sulama olmak üzere 3 uygulama yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, E vitamini içeriğinin ve bazı yağ asitlerinin sulama seviyelerinden etkilendiğini göstermiştir. En yüksek E vitamini içeriği (488.77 mg kg-1) % 50 sulama seviyesinde elde edilmiştir. Oleik asit % 82.62'den (kontrol)% 85.24'e (% 100 sulama seviyesi) ve linoleik asit% 6.28'den (% 50 sulama seviyesi) % 8.76'ya (kontrol) kadar değişim göstermiştir.
Vezirköprü (Samsun) İlçesinin Kuzey Bölgesinde Seçilen Kızılcık Genotiplerinin Bazı Meyve Özellikleri
Authors: BALTA Mehmet Fikret , İNAN Ömer , KARAKAYA Orhan , UZUN Serkan
Published: July 2020

Çalışma, Vezirköprü (Samsun) ilçesinin kuzey bölgesinde doğal olarak yetişen kızılcık (Cornus mas L.) genotipleri içerisinde meyve özellikleri bakımından üstün özelliklere sahip olanları seçmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada iki yıl süre ile (2015 ve 2016) 70 kızılcık genotipi incelenmiş ve meyve ağırlığı, et/çekirdek oranı, suda çözünebilir kuru madde ve C vitamini özelliklerine göre yapılan tartılı derecelendirme neticesinde 13 genotip seçilmiştir. Seçilen genotiplerde meyve ağırlığı 1.90 g (K-10) ile 4.25 g (K-12), et/çekirdek oranı 4.08 (K-8) ile 7.33 (K-12), çekirdek ağırlığı 0.30 g (K-7) ile 0.56 g (K-13), pH değeri 2.58 (K-9) ile 3.63 (K-13), suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı %9.80 (K-8) ile %13.60 (K-9), titre edilebilir asitlik miktarı %0.49 (K-2) ile %1.22 (K-9) ve C vitamini içeriği 24.45 mg 100 g-1 (K-9) ile 76.05 mg 100 g-1 (K-3) arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Seçilen kızılcık genotipleri arasında incelenen özellikler bakımından geniş bir varyasyon belirlenmiş ve yapılan sınıflandırma neticesinde K-2 ve K-12 genotipleri ümitvar olarak seçilmiştir. Bu genotiplerin ileride yapılacak ıslah çalışmaları için değerli bir genetik kaynak olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz. Bunun yanı sıra seçilen bu genotiplerin çoğaltılarak aynı koşullar altında incelenmesi daha objektif sonuçlar elde edilmesi bakımından önemlidir.
Maviyemiş Odun Çeliklerinde Köklenme Üzerine Alttan Isıtma Sıcaklığı ve Ortamların Etkisi
Authors: ÇELİK Hüseyin
Published: July 2020

Maviyemiş ılıman iklim kuşağındaki kuvvetli asit topraklarda yetişebilen çalı formunda bitkisi olan bir üzümsü meyvedir. Bu çalışmada Berkeley maviyemiş çeşidine ait bitkilerden Şubat ayında alınan sert odun çelikleri Nisan ayına kadar kayın+çam talaşı içinde +1°C sıcaklık ve %80-85 nispi nem şartlarında muhafaza edilmişlerdir. Nisan ayında 15 cm boyunda hazırlanarak 2000 ppm indol-3-butrik asit (IBA) uygulandıktan sonra ısıtmasız cam seradaki alttan ısıtmalı tavalarda ve torf ile torf+perlit ortamına dikilen çeliklere 4 farklı alttan ısıtma sıcaklığı (yok-kontrol, 20, 23 ve 26°C) uygulanmıştır. Mistleme sulama ve %55 gölgeleme altında tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulan denemede her tekerrürde 20 adet odun çeliği kullanılmıştır. Köklü çelikler 8 hafta sonra ortamlardan sökülerek köklenme oranı (%), köklenme derecesi (1-9 skalası) saptandıktan sonra saksılara dikilen köklü çeliklerden elde edilen fidanlarda fidan randımanı (%) Ekim ayında saptanmıştır. Torf+perlit x 26°C kombinasyonu köklenme oranı (%75.00), fidan randımanı (%73.00) ve köklenme derecesi (5.35) bakımından en yüksek değerleri vermiştir. Berkeley maviyemiş çeşidinin sert odun çelik ile çoğaltılmasında 26°C alttan ısıtma sıcaklığı ve torf+perlit ortamının kullanılması önerilir.
Developing Sino- Israeli Relations in the Post-Cold War Era: Analyzing Desecuritization Scenarios for Iran
Authors: Fariborz A. P. , Seyed J. S. , Hossein A.
Published: July 2020

An important feature of Israel's foreign policy in the post-Cold War era has been development of relations with emerging powers, including China. The importance of the economic component in the foreign policy of both countries, China's efforts to achieve the status of a great power, and Israel's strategies to improve its global image and regional position have brought the two countries' relations into a form of comprehensive cooperation in the post-Cold War era. Describing the relations between the two countries in the political, military and economic spheres and acknowledging the impact of China and Israel's behavior patterns on national and regional security of Iran the article seeks to answer the following questions : What are the indicators of the development of China-Israel relations in the post-Cold War era? What are the consequences of these relations for Iran? From this article's point of view, the development of China-Israel relations in all areas has been on an upward trajectory and hence have substantial implications at the national (threatening China-Iran relations in the field of energy and weakening Iran-China military relations and enfeebling Iran's position in the Silk Road project), regional (changing the balance to the detriment of Iran, Iran's containment and normalization of Arab-Israeli relations) and international levels (China's accompanying pressures on Iran, Israel's use of China's capacity in international institutions and efforts to legitimizing and reinforcing the notion of Iran's threat and continuing Iranophobia) for Iran's security.
An analysis of the labor and wages of the internal affairs bodies in the context of personnel security
Authors: Glushchenko A.V. , Kucherova E.P. , Yukina A.Yu.
Published: July 2020

Subject. This article analyses the priorities of the management and use of staff and labor at different levels of socio-economic systems.
Objectives. The article aims to develop and justify the importance of measures to improve insider threat management and mitigate personnel risks.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, abstraction, and the expert evaluation, point rating, tabular, and graphical techniques.
Results. The article defines the role and formulates the concept of personnel security for the internal affairs authorities in the economic security system of the organization. It also identifies specific threats and risks associated with employment relations and factors that reduce motivation of personnel. The article presents an original method of calculating incentive payments through the use of a points system, and working documents to minimize risks and threats.
Conclusions. The proposed measures to improve human resources security will help the internal affairs authorities make optimal organizational and management decisions in order to improve personnel security, and have a beneficial impact on the economic condition of the institution as a whole.
The investment activity of Russian business: Relationships with corporate income tax burden
Authors: Razuvaeva A.A. , Pokrovskaya N.V.
Published: July 2020

Subject. This article assesses the role of tax incentives for the Russian business' investment behavior.
Objectives. The article aims to identify the relationship between the corporate income tax burden as an indicator responding to tax benefits application and the investment activities of Russian companies.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis and synthesis, and the systems approach. The analysis covers the period from 2012 to 2018. The data of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Federal Tax Service of Russia, and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation are the source of information for analysis.
Results. The article summarizes the characteristics of the investment activity of the Russian business. However, the article does not reveal any obvious relationship between the income tax burden and the investment activity of the Russian business in the 2010s. There is also no link found between fixed investment and return on assets.
Conclusions. The increase in income tax burden in the late 2010s, accompanied by a decrease in profitability, poses a threat to the active investment development of Russian organizations.
The limit of the contemporary financial system in Russia
Authors: Smirnov V.V.
Published: July 2020

Subject. The article focuses on the modern financial system of Russia.
Objectives. I determine the limit of the contemporary financial system in Russia.
Methods. The study is based on methods of descriptive statistics, statistical and cluster analysis.
Results. The article shows the possibility of determining the scope of the contemporary financial system in Russia by establishing monetary relations as the order of the internal system and concerted operation of subsystems, preserving the structure of the financial system, maintaining the operational regime, implementing the program and achieving the goal. I found that the Russian financial system correlated with the Angolan one, and the real scope of the contemporary financial system in Russia.
Conclusions and Relevance. As an attempt to effectively establish monetary relations and manage them, the limit of the contemporary financial system is related to the possibility of using Monetary Aggregate M0 to maintain the balance of the Central Bank of Russia. To overcome the scope of Russia’s financial system, the economy should have changed its specialization, refocusing it on high-tech export and increasing the foreign currency reserves. This can be done if amendments to Russia’s Constitution are adopted. The findings expand the scope of knowledge and create new competence in the establishment of monetary relations, order of the internal system and concerted interaction of subsystems, structural preservation of the financial system and maintenance of its operational regime.
Trends and forecasts of the global availability of food
Authors: Terent'eva O.N.
Published: July 2020

Subject. The stable supply of food to people is a cornerstone for the national economic security, while a lack of food or its expensiveness may undermine the economy, principles of power, and cause panics and wars. Malnutrition and hunger are critical indicators of the insufficient foods supply.
Objectives. The article indicates which countries have high risk of hunger, and predicts its further movement. I also evaluate factual trends in the availability of food across countries.
Methods. The study refers to statistical data in public domain, including the FAOSTAT. I apply methods of ranking, abstraction, prediction.
Results. I performed the cross-country analysis and discovered that 117 countries demonstrated signs of malnutrition. The article sets forth a technique for splitting countries into five groups by level of hunger risk. The article compares data on hunger in the countries and consequences of mortality and morbidity. I ranked countries by key types of agricultural products and explained their production growth rates for a span of 18 years. I predicted how countries would be ranked in terms of hunger from 2030 to 2050, and found the extent to which the hunger risk will escalate in more flourishing countries.
Conclusions and Relevance. Hunger and shortage of food seem invincible in the countries where people are hungry or very hungry. Sometimes it appears almost impossible for respective governments to solve the issue. Triggering the systemic hunger, such factors and premises are beyond control of starving countries. Hence, the international community should provide their support and aid to them.
The economic policy of smaller countries if viewed through the development of the Russian Federation
Authors: Chernysheva A.M.
Published: July 2020

Subject. The article determines what smaller countries pursue in their economic policy as the uncertainty of the world economy increases.
Objectives. I study the economic development of the Russian Federation from perspectives of smaller countries and the efficiency of the common and diverse economic policy of smaller countries, which are closely related with the Russian economy, such as Belarus, Armenia, Georgia, Ukraine and Estonia.
Methods. I evaluated how some macroeconomic indicators of countries under study changed over time. To verify the hypothesis, I analyzed documents in public domain, including statistical data on macroeconomic developments of countries, such as the Russian Federation, Belarus, Armenia, Georgia, Ukraine and Estonia. I also applied a systems approach, comparative and statistical methods of research on key macroeconomic indicators.
Results. At the current phase of multipolarity and globalization, Russia’s economic development is proved to influence both smaller countries coming along with its development vector, and States that simply have common borders with Russia. Considering the single course of their development and their geopolitical position, smaller countries ensure their sustainable growth.
Conclusions and Relevance. Those countries which have chosen the single course of the development and considered their geopolitical position have performed their economic policy in the most successful way.
Demographic effects of the region's investment strategy implementation
Authors: D'yachenko V.N. , Lazareva V.V.
Published: July 2020

Subject. This article discusses the differentiation in the development of the investment process by industry and region, and the demographic effects resulting from transformations in the regional economy and social sphere.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the demographic effects arising out of investment projects implementation in municipal entities and some individual settlements.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of logical, comparative, and statistical analyses, and classification.
Conclusions. The investment strategy implemented does pay dividends in terms of a significant improvement in the demographic situation and the trend of outflow of people from the region. The development of regional labor mobility occurs mainly in the form of temporary movements without a change of residence. Radical changes in intra-regional spatial policy are needed. Strategic development plans for the region need to be improved.
Challenges and threats to the economic security of the Russian Far East regions
Authors: Kolesnikova O.S.
Published: July 2020

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the economic security of the Russian Far East and the impact of the shadow economy on it.
Objectives. The article aims to justify the need to develop a regional mechanism for managing the challenges and threats to the economic security of each particular area in order to ensure the economic security of the entire Russian Federation.
Methods. For the study, I used economics and statistics, and comparative analyses.
Results. The article reveals the main challenges and threats to the economic security of the regions of Russia's Far East.
Conclusions. Inter-regional differentiation and the high shadow economy level have a significant impact on the economic security of the Russian Far East. The development of a mechanism for managing challenges and threats at the level of each individual entity contributes to improving the economic security of both the macro-region and the country as a whole.
A typology of regional innovation ecosystem models
Authors: Popov E.V. , Simonova V.L. , Chelak I.P.
Published: July 2020

Subject. This article explores the economic and social relations regarding the formation and functioning of innovation ecosystems.
Objectives. The article aims to develop a typology of models of regional innovation systems.
Methods. For the study, we used a system logical analysis and simulation modeling.
Results. The article presents an original typology of models of regional innovation ecosystems and basic tools for analyzing and modeling different ecosystems (classification criteria, groups).
Conclusions. We propose to use these models for analytical developments, design, and description of various examples of the subject of research in the real world, in the activities of a wide range of socio-economic and political actors both within ecosystems and influencing their genesis from the outside.
International digital development indexes: A methodology for data collection, systematization and processing
Authors: Edronova V.N.
Published: July 2020

Subject. This article provides a comprehensive comparative review of the present-day used International Digital Development Indexes of countries and regions.
Objectives. The article aims to review and compare the characteristics and methodologies of digitalization indexes developed by international institutions.
Methods. For the study, I used a comparative analysis.
Results. The article presents an overview of the methods of calculating the largest international indexes and compiling ratings of digital development of countries. It defines the content of the indexes, and describes the characteristics of the digital development of Russia on the basis of major international indexes.
Conclusions. The methodology for calculating all international digital development indexes is identical in terms of objectives, methods of forming a primary base, data systematization, and calculation of composite indexes and sub-indexes. An objective assessment of the level and trends of digital development requires a comprehensive analysis of the totality of ratings and an understanding of the methodology for calculating indexes on the basis of which ratings are defined.
Analysis Relationship of Economic Growth, Fiscal Policies and Demographic to Islamic Human Development Index in Indonesia (Granger Causality Approach)
Authors: Lubis Rukiah
Published: July 2020

The purpose of study is to analyze the relationship of  Economic Growth, Fiscal Policies, and Demographic to  Islamic Human Development Index in Indonesia.  The analysis method used Granger Causality test in 33 representative provinces.   Taked sampling with Criteria Purporsive Sampling method. The results showed that there was relationship between Economic growth to Demographic and Islamic Human Development Index. There was  relationship between Demographic to IHDI and  fiscal policy in health and education. There was relationship of Fiscal Policy in health to Fiscal Policy in education. Recommendation of study was 1. Increasing economic growth with equity to support the maximalization  IHDI in each region. 2.  Optimizing Fiscal policies performance to improving public services in education and health so can be impact on the high IHDI distributed in Indonesia.
Challenges Faced by Mental Health Nurse Specialists in North West, South Africa
Authors: Sehularo Leepile Alfred , Setona Kelebogile Rebecca , Mokgaola Isaac
Published: July 2020

This article reports on a study that sought to explore and describe the challenges faced by mental health nurse specialists in North West (NW), South Africa, using a qualitative research design. The study population comprised all mental health nurse specialists working in public mental health care institutions in NW. A non-probability expert sampling method was used to identify mental health nurse specialists for voluntary participation. The sample size was determined when data saturation was reached after interviewing seven mental health nurse specialists working in the province. Data analysis was done independently by both the researcher and the co-coder. Credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability were observed to ensure trustworthiness. Three themes emerged from the study, namely: (1) challenges affecting mental health nurse specialists directly; (2) challenges directly influenced by the government; as well as (3) suggestions to support mental health nurse specialists. Recommendations were derived and proffered to support mental health nurse specialists in NW.
Experimental and Computational Studies of CO2 Addition Reactions Relevant to Copper-Catalyzed Boracarboxylation of Vinyl Arenes: Evidence for a Phosphine-Promoted Mechanism
Authors: Baughman Notashia , Akhmedov Novruz G. , Petersen Jeffrey L. , Popp Brian
Published: July 2020

An experimental and computational mechanistic investigation of the key carboxylation step in copper(I)-catalyzed boracarboxylation of vinyl arenes is presented here. Catalytically relevant intermediates, including a series of CuI-spiroboralactonate complexes, with electronically differentiated vinyl arenes and stabilized by the NHC ligand IPr (IPr = 1,3-Bis(2,6-di-isopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidine), were isolated and characterized. In situ 1H NMR timecourse studies and subsequent Hammett analysis (p) of carbon dioxide addition to (β-borylbenzyl)copper(I) complexes (benzyl = CH2Arp-X) revealed a linear correlation with a negative rho (ρ) value. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support a direct CO2 insertion as the primary mechanism for electron-rich benzyl-copper carboxylation. Kinetically sluggish carboxylation of electron-poor trifluoromethyl-substituted benzyl-copper complex (benzyl = CH2Arp-CF3) was accelerated upon addition of exogenous PPh3. Conversely, the additive inhibited reactions of electron-rich tert-butyl-substituted benzyl-copper complex (benzyl = CH2Arp-tBu). These kinetic observations implied that a second carboxylation pathway was likely operative. DFT analysis demonstrated that prior binding of the electron-rich phosphine additive at (β-borylbenzyl)copper(I) yields a meta-stable intermediate that precedes an SE-carboxylation mechanism, which is kinetically favorable for electron-deficient benzyl-copper species and circumvents the kinetically challenging direct insertion mechanism. The mechanistic picture that emerges from this complementary experimental/computational study highlights the kinetic complexities and multiple pathways involved in copper-based carboxylation chemistry.
Surgical Sponge After Splenectomy: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Yashwant R. Lamture  , Varsha Gajbhiye  , Aditya Mundada
Published: July 2020

A gossypiboma is a cotton sponge retained in the abdominal cavity after the operative procedure. It leads to tremendous morbidity, loss of money and even occasional death of the patient. Another problem on the part of treating the surgeon is defamation and medicolegal issue. We report a case of a 25- year young man presented with pain in abdomen and vomiting for six months, History of a lump in the right lumbar region for two months and with constipation for five days. He had operated for splenectomy after a blunt injury to the abdomen eight months back. On clinical examination, adhesive obstruction of bowel was suspected. On computed tomography, (CT), a foreign body was revealed. On laparotomy, there was evidence of sponge in a jejunum. By doing enterotomy, a large sponge was removed. Postoperative recovery was not associated with significant complications. An essential precaution is to look for retained foreign body and confirmation before the closure of any body cavity, as there may even after all precautionary exercises, occur retention of foreign bodies. Hence consider always the possibility of gossypiboma in the differential diagnosis of chronic abdominal pain or a mass in patients with a history surgery.
Distribution of leukocyte subpopulation among students threatened by failure
Authors: Aziez Chettoum  , Kamilia Guedri  , Zouhir Djerrou  , Rachid Mosbah  , Latifa Khattabi  , Abir Boumaaza  , Wissam Benferdi
Published: July 2020

Psychoneuroimmunology or the study of the relationships between the brain and the immune system is an area of research that has experienced significant development over the decade. Stress does not appear without consequences on the state of health, the role of fears, emotions and significant constraints in the appearance of organic and mental diseases. In this research, we studied the effect of stress and anxiety during exams at the end of the academic year (2018/2019) on the distribution of leukocyte subpopulations and the immune system, questionnaires has been completed by student volunteers, to estimate the anxio-depressive comorbidities through the (HADS) test during and outside exams, and in the same time we asked them for a blood sample the next morning day to carry out some biological assays (CBC). We also found that stress during exams caused a change in the distribution of different types of white blood cells, a total decrease in white blood cell counts with neutropenia and lymphopenia were found in students during exams compared to controls, and an increase in monocyte and other types of polymorphonuclear levels in students during exams compared to controls. Other tests measuring the effects of stress on specific functions of the immune system can be used.
Development and validation of a simple bio-analytical HPLC-UV method for estimation of irbesartan in human plasma
Authors: Ashok P  , Narenderan S T  , Meyyanathan S N  , Babu B  , Jawahar N
Published: July 2020

The present study was aimed to develop and validate a simple, sensitive and economical bio-analytical high-performance liquid chromatographicultraviolet method for the determination of irbesartan in human plasma. The method involves the use of simple precipitation method for the determination of irbesartan, using methanol as precipitating agent and losartan as internal standard. The separation was achieved using Zorbax C18 column (150 x 4.6 mm, 5µm), mobile phase consists of methanol and 0.2% formic acid in water at the ratio 85:15, v/v using detection wavelength of 237 nm. Further, the developed method was validated as per US-FDA guidelines for accuracy, precision, linearity, stability, detection and quantification limit. The method developed was found to be linear over the concentration ranging from 5 to 500 ng/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.9987. The LOD and LLOQ of the method were found to be 1 ng/ml and 5 ng/ml, respectively.
Restorative processes of the vascular bed of the brain in the progressive course of ischemic stroke
Authors: Dzhamalbek Turgumbaev  , Elmira Mamytova  , Aikerim Dzhamalbekova  , Tugolbai Tagaev  , Vityala Yethindra
Published: July 2020

The objective is to study morphometry of the restoration processes of the cerebral vascular bed in the progressive course of ischemic stroke. We studied the structure of the vessels and parenchyma of the brain of patients who died of ischemic stroke in the angio-neurological department of the National Hospital under the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic. With a progressive course of ischemic stroke, brain vessel lesions are characterized by peculiar changes in the shape and contents of the vessels, different from the vessels surrounding the ischemic area, and tissues of the opposite hemisphere. The study showed that reparative processes appear early and are expressed by a change in the number of capillaries, angiogenesis and recalibration of existing vessels. With a progressive ischemic stroke, dystrophic processes prevail over the compensatory-adaptive reactions of the central nervous system, while the latter are insufficient to restore lost functions.
The roles of medicinal herbs in the treatment of measles
Authors: Huynh Tan Hoi
Published: July 2020

As an acute infectious disease caused by the paramyxoviridae virus, the disease spreads rapidly into a respiratory tract. Patients may have many serious complications if not monitored and treated promptly. Identifying common measles in young children and contagious in the community, especially in schools, kindergartens and primary schools is something that many people are interested in to master the methods in order to prevent this disease. Measles, although not serious, has serious complications and can be fatal. In addition to vaccinating children, some folk remedies handed down and currently being used to treat measles in Vietnam have proven its effectiveness. Very common herbs that are used for everyday food seem very ordinary but have great roles that we sometimes overlook. The scientific ingredients in herbs are a safe solution for people suffering from viral diseases such as influenza strains, typhus, pimples, dysentery, sore throat, colds. A special thing is that herbs is quite safe and have few side effects like Western medicine antibiotics. There are some medicinal herbs such as ophiopogon japonicus, coriander seed, elsholtzia cristata or eclipta prostrata which can bring a healthier life for everyone in general and children in particular if we know how to apply these herbs in a logical and scientific way. For that purpose, the paper was completed in order to clarify the basic knowledge of measles and the way of using medicinal herbs as a therapy that has been used for a long time in some Asian countries in general and Vietnam in particular.
Aphrodisiac Activity of Nutraceuticals
Authors: Gayathri A G  , Mruthunjaya K
Published: July 2020

The name aphrodisiac is taken from Aphrodite who is penned as the Greek goddess of love, beauty and sex in an ancient folk tale. Dating from a remote period humans strive hard to improve their sexual powers but modern lifestyle and other environmental factors have resulted in many sexual dysfunctions . Current treatment strategies which had lead to unsuccessful results and high cost made man to search for alternative medicine or to include nutraceuticals in their food diet which improves aphrodisiac properties . There are hundreds of medicinal plants that can improve aphrodisiac activity and also there are herbs that have a nutraceutical value other than medicinal properties which improve aphrodisiac activity. There are many numbers of nutritional factors as well as phytochemical factors present in fruits and vegetables other than calories and fats which are helpful in providing nutritional health and to cure diseases. This review divulges about some nutraceutical food plants which are helpful for relieving sexual dysfunction or to improve sexual function.
Kidney Exchange and the Ethics of Giving
Authors: Van Basshuysen Philippe
Published: July 2020

The best treatment for end-stage renal disease is the transplantation of a live donor kidney, but many people cannot donate to their loved ones because they are incompatible. Kidney exchange promises relief. Kidney exchange programmes use centralised procedures to match donors with recipients in a way that maximises the quantity and quality of transplants. However, the transplant laws in many countries render kidney exchange programmes impossible because of ethical concerns against these programmes or against kinds of kidney donations on which these programmes rely. I give two novel arguments for the implementation of kidney exchange programmes. The first is that they are instrumental in meeting a moral obligation, namely to donate effectively. The second is that they may increase the motivation for altruistic donations, because the donation of one kidney may trigger >1 life savings. Moreover, ethical concerns are considered that are embodied in transplant laws preventing the implementation of kidney exchange, and it is argued that they can be overcome.
Observations on the Method of Codifying by Consolidation: The Making of the New Commercial Code and the Consequences of the Method for the Law Applicable in French Polynesia
Authors: Sage Yves-Louis
Published: July 2020

La loi du 16 décembre 1999 a autorisé le gouvernement français Ã  codifier par voie d'ordonnance dans un grand nombre de matiÃ¨res. Ainsi, l'ordonnance nÂ°2000-912 du 18 septembre 2000 devait proposer ce que l'on a appelé le nouveau code de commerce. Cet article propose un bilan de la réforme entreprise dans ce domaine tant en ce qui concerne la méthodologie retenue que les conséquences qui s'y rattachent. La méthode de la codification Ã  droit constant, utilisée par le gouvernement français, doit satisfaire aux objectifs d'accessibilité et d'intelligibilité de la loi d'une part et de la sécurité juridique d'autre part qui ont été fixés par le Conseil Constitutionnel dans sa la décision nÂ° 99- 421 DC du 16 décembre 1999. Ces principes qui sont également applicables en Polynésiefrançaise ne sont pas sans influer sur la nature du principe de spécialité législative.
Burning International Bridges, Fuelling Global Discontent: The United States and Rejection of the Kyoto Protocol
Authors: Joyner Christopher C
Published: July 2020

This address was presented on 31 October 2001 by Professor Christopher C. Joyner as the 2001 Quentin Quentin-Baxter Memorial Lecture at the Victoria University of Wellington School of Law.Professor Joyner came to New Zealand as a Visiting Canterbury Fellow with the School of Law and Gateway Antarctica at the University of Canterbury from September through December 2001.This paper tackles the controversy surrounding the rejection of the Kyoto Protocol by the United States of America. The paper's particular focus is the international effect of rejection. An updated epilogue discusses the result of the conclusion of the United Nation's Climate Change Convention, and the reaction of the United States.
Recent Developments in the Law of Equitable Remedies: What Canada Can Do For You
Authors: Berryman Jeff
Published: July 2020

The Supreme Court of Canada has clearly enunciated a distinct equity jurisprudence for Canada. This paper discusses certain aspects of the most recent developments particularly in the area of equitable remedies. The recent "explosion" in the use of Anton Piller decisions is charted, and where appropriate, analogous Commonwealth decisions are discussed. The use of Injunctive remedies is canvassed, as well as specific performance.
Parliamentary Sovereignty: New Zealand - New Millennium
Authors: Grau Karen
Published: July 2020

The author examines contemporary debates in New Zealand and Australia over the power of the Courts to disregard Statutes and concludes that such a power, if it exists, ought to be exercised cautiously.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengelolahan Hasil Pertanian Jagung Sebagai Hasil Olahan Masayarakat Kreatif Di Desa Kumba Kecamatan Jagoi Babang Kabupaten Bengkayang
Authors: Sumarli Sumarli , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sulistri Emi , Yanti Lili , Mulyani Sri , Susanto Heru , Setyowati Rini , Wahyuni Rika , Utama Erdi Guna
Published: July 2020

Pengabdian ini mengkaji tentang kendala yang dihadapi petani dalam
upaya pengembangan hasil pertanian jagung yang disebabkan oleh
masyarakat yang belum mengenal teknologi pengolahan produk
olahan jagung. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan
kreativitas masyarakat dalam mengolah jagung menjadi produk olahan
baru yang berdaya jual tinggi dan bernilai ekonomis. Metode yang
dilakukan yaitu tahap persiapan dan pembekalan, pelaksanaan, dan
rencana keberlanjutkan program. Observasi serta wawancara
dilakukan guna pengumpulan informasi yang lebih konkrit. Hasil yang
diperoleh yaitu terlaksananya kegiatan pengolahan jagung (Nguping)
sehingga menambah pengetahuan warga akan olahan lain dari hasil
pertanian jagung di Desa Kumba, Kecamatan Jagoi Babang.
Socialization Impact Social Media Use in the Village Youth Against Nyarumkop
Authors: Nirawati Resy , Mariyam Mariyam , Mulyani Sri , Rosdianto Haris
Published: July 2020

Event PPM is one of dedication to the community listed in the Tri Dharma College. The PPM activities conducted involving several professors, students, teenagers around the village Nyarumkop and some employees of the village. Measures undertaken in the form of socialization about the impact of social media for teens in the Village of East Singkawang Nyarumkop in the district in 2017. The method used in the service activities of these activities are lectures, discussions and question and answer. Results of implementation and yag response was obtained from the participants can be concluded that the purpose of these activities successfully and on target. Hopefully with these activities can contribute to society as one application of the Tri Dharma College, especially community service.
Socialization of Eradication of Hijaiyah Illiteracy and Guidance of Gersik Village, Jagoi Babang District
Authors: Buyung Buyung , Mariyam Mariyam , Marhayani Dina Anika , Hendriyana Evinna Cinda , Murdani Eka
Published: July 2020

The level of education of the people is still low and the number of illiterates and Arabic letters for the Muslim community is still high. There are still many people in Gresik Village in Jagoi Babang District who cannot read Hijaiyah letters. Conditions that occur in a society consisting of age -up and children. In order to eradicate the illiteracy of the Hijaiyah letters , various methods are carried out so that it is easy and can be learned or understood by every Muslim who has not been able to read the Holy Qur'an,. Effort undertaken to face these challenges include the illiteracy eradication program for people who already have a low level of formal education. Therefore, one of the initial steps done is to implement a program of socialization eradication Arabic letters on the community, especially the W arga Coarse sand . Activity is more effectively facilitate Villagers Coarse sand in order to foster interest for who can not read the letters hijaiyah mempelaj ari how to read the Quran. The objectives of the PKM-M program include eradicating Arabic illiteracy, increasing insight andknowledge, increase the ability and awareness of self potential in the community of Gresik Village and provide motivation for Hijaiyah letters. The implementation of community service includes several methods, namely lectures, questions and answers, practice and evaluation. with the socialization of a good impact on the understanding of the letter hijaiyah and foster interest in reading al-Quran with easier-aided guidance . the conclusion of the activity had a good impact on the understanding of hijaiyah letters from the people of Gresik Village. With the community service activities of STKIP Singkawang, the people of Gersik Village felt helped.
Substantiation of construction parameters of the device for cutting vegetable resi-dues of trallis vegetable crops
Authors: Levchenko Galina Victorovna , Andreev Nikita Aleksandrovich , Chumakova Svetlana Valentinovna
Published: July 2020

The article presents a device for trimming plant residues of trellis vegetable crops. A scheme of the mutual arrangement of plant stems, twine and a cutting working body and the dependence of the quality of the cut of the plant stem on the angle of the mutual arrangement of the cutting surfaces of the knife of the machine is considered.
The determination of values of specific resistance to the cut of the radish top
Authors: Ashitko Andrey Andreevich
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the problematic level of mechanization of small farms, especially during harvesting. When considering the process of harvesting root crops, including radish, the most difficult operation is the separation of tops. In this regard, the author conducted a series of studies to identify patterns of the process of cutting tops on the example of radish. The study was carried out using a dynamometric installation developed at the Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University, the basis of which was a pendulum cutting device, to which elements a control and measuring system was connected, including a strain gauge; elements of the signal conversion system and a personal computer or laptop with the ADCLabSE software product. The factor experiment made it possible to establish that such parameters as the angle of blade installation, its thickness and cutting speed significantly affected the energy performance of the process of separating radish tops, and the influence of the first factor was the opposite, the rest were direct.