bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure of the Nipah virus polymerase complex
Authors: Grimes Jonathan ,   Esra Balıkçı1, Günl Franziska , Carrique Loic , Keown Jeremy , Fodor Ervin
Published: July 2024

Nipah virus poses a recurring threat, causing severe respiratory and neurological disease in Southeast Asia. Since its first identification in Malaysia in 1998 and a subsequent outbreak in Singapore in early 1999, the virus has emerged as a highly virulent zoonotic paramyxovirus. Despite its lethality, there is currently no approved treatment for Nipah virus infection. The viral polymerase complex, composed of the large polymerase protein (L) and the phosphoprotein (P), is responsible for the replication of the viral RNA genome and transcription of viral genes. However, the mechanisms by which the L and P components perform these activities remain unknown. Here, we describe the structures of the Nipah virus L-P polymerase complex at a 2.5 Å resolution and the L protein’s Connecting Domain (CD) at a 1.85 Å resolution, determined by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and X-ray crystallography, respectively. The L-P complex structure reveals the organization of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and polyribonucleotidyl transferase (PRNTase) domains of the L protein, and how the P protein, which forms a tetramer, interacts with the RdRp domain of the L protein. Furthermore, the CD structure reveals the binding of Mg ions, which likely contribute to the functionality of the PRNTase domain. These findings offer insights into the structural details of the L-P polymerase complex and the molecular interactions between L and P, shedding light on the mechanisms of the replication machinery. This work will underpin efforts to develop antiviral drugs that target the polymerase complex of Nipah virus.
Ramsay hunt syndrome: A case report
Authors: sabouri Reza
Published: July 2024

Background:
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (RSH) is a rare clinical condition characterized by herpes zoster oticus and ipslilateral facial nerve paralysis caused by reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus( VZV ) in the sensory root of geniculate ganglia. This syndrome must be distinguished from other causes of facial palsy such as Bell’s palsy, stroke, Lyme disease and malignancies.
Accurate dignosis and treatment in the first 72 hours of are crucial to improve the prognosis and to prevent later complications including postherpetic neuralgia and corneal damage.
Case Report:
A 72-year-old female without any past medical history was admitted to emergency center of Vali Asr Hospital in Zanjan with hearing loss, ererythematous papules on the right external ear, otalgia, vertigo and dysgeusia. One day after hospitalization, the patient developed unilateral right-sided facial palsy and crusted erythematous papules on the right external ear.
Conclusion:
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome is an uncommon peripheral neuropathy of the facial nerve caused by reactivation of VZV in the geniculate ganglion. Most cases occur in immunocompromised and elderly. Pharmacological interventions can reduce recovery time and prevent complications. Specialists are not unanimous on the choice of medication, dosage and the duration of therapy, thus more research is warranted.
TRPV4 subserves physiological and pathological elevations in intraocular pressure
Authors: Redmon Sarah N. , Lakk Monika , Tseng Yun-Ting , Rudzitis Cristopher N. , Searle Jordan E. , Ahmed Feryan , Unser Andrea , Borrás Teresa , Torrejon Karen , Krizaj David
Published: July 2024

Ocular hypertension (OHT) caused by mechanical stress and chronic glucocorticoid exposure reduces the hydraulic permeability of the conventional outflow pathway. It increases the risk for irreversible vision loss, yet healthy individuals experience nightly intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations without adverse lifetime effects. It is not known which pressure sensors regulate physiological vs. pathological OHT nor how they impact the permeability of the principal drainage pathway through the trabecular meshwork (TM). We report that OHT induced by the circadian rhythm, occlusion of the iridocorneal angle and glucocorticoids requires activation of TRPV4, a stretch-activated cation channel. Wild-type mice responded to nocturnal topical administration of the agonist GSK1016790A with IOP lowering, while intracameral injection of the agonist elevated diurnal IOP. Microinjection of TRPV4 antagonists HC067047 and GSK2193874 lowered IOP during the nocturnal OHT phase and in hypertensive eyes treated with steroids or injection of polystyrene microbeads. Conventional outflow-specific Trpv4 knockdown induced partial IOP lowering in mice with occluded iridocorneal angle and protected retinal neurons from pressure injury. Indicating a central role for TRPV4-dependent mechanosensing in trabecular outflow, HC067047 doubled the outflow facility in TM-populated steroid-treated 3D nanoscaffolds. Tonic TRPV4 signaling thus represents a fundamental property of TM biology as a driver of increased in vitroand in vivo outflow resistance. The TRPV4-dependence of OHT under conditions that mimic primary and secondary glaucomas could be explored as a novel target for glaucoma treatments.
Is BDSM in the eye of the beholder? Variations in Conventional and non-Conventional Sexual Behaviors by Self-Identification vs. BDSM Practice Frequency in the General Population
Authors: Quintana Gonzalo R. , Aguilera Elías , Santibáñez-Palma Francisco , Escudero-Pastén Javier , Consortium CSSS Research , Barrientos Jaime
Published: July 2024

Studies concerning BDSM sexual practices within the general population often use different criteria to differentiate between those who practice or identify by them vs. those who do not. Yet, using criteria such as BDSM self-identification or measuring the actual frequency of these practices incur in limitations that likely over or underestimate the prevalence of these behaviors, making the interpretation and comparison of the results inaccurate across studies. Therefore, the following study examined the magnitude of difference between using BDSM self-identification vs. BDSM practice frequency as criteria, across conventional and non-conventional sexual behaviors, as well as sexual function in the general population. This study was composed of 3904 Chilean men and women. Sexual function was measured using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Results revealed differences in the prevalence of BDSM individuals by criteria varying by behavior, whereas correlations between BDSM criteria were positive, yet of low magnitude. The practice frequency criterion yielded a larger prevalence of BDSM practitioners, with higher engagement in BDSM-specific behaviors, greater pleasure derived from these practices, and better sexual function compared to non-BDSM individuals, especially among highly frequent practitioners. Lastly, differences in sexual function dimensions according to BDSM criteria were found more frequently, and by a larger magnitude, through the BDSM practice frequency criterion, especially in women, compared to non-BDSM people. This study findings demonstrate the importance of considering both self-identification and practice frequency criteria in understanding BDSM and its implications for sexual health in future studies.
A hypothalamic circuit for circadian regulation of corticosterone secretion
Authors: Ramirez-Plascencia Oscar D. , De Luca Roberto , Machado Natalia L. S. , Eghlidi Dominique , Khanday Mudasir A. , Bandaru Sathyajit S. , Raffin Francesca , Vujovic Nina , Arrigoni Elda , Saper Clifford B.
Published: July 2024

The secretion of cortisol in humans and corticosterone (Cort) in rodents follows a daily rhythm which is important in readying the individual for the daily active cycle and is impaired in chronic depression. This rhythm is orchestrated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which governs the activity of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that produce the corticotropin-releasing hormone (PVHCRH neurons). The dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH) serves as a crucial intermediary, being innervated by the SCN both directly and via relays in the subparaventricular zone, and projecting axons to the PVH, thereby exerting influence over the cortisol/corticosterone rhythm. However, the role and synaptic mechanisms by which DMH neurons regulate the daily rhythm of Cort secretion has not been explored. We found that either ablating or acutely inhibiting the DMH glutamatergic (DMHVglut2) neurons resulted in a 40-70% reduction in the daily peak of Cort. Deletion of the Vglut2 gene within the DMH produced a similar effect, highlighting the indispensable role of glutamatergic signaling. Chemogenetic stimulation of DMHVglut2 neurons led to an increase of Cort levels, and optogenetic activation of their terminals in the PVH in hypothalamic slices directly activated PVHCRH neurons through glutamate release (the DMHVglut2 → PVHCRH pathway). Similarly, ablating, inhibiting, or disrupting GABA transmission by DMH GABAergic (DMHVgat) neurons diminished the circadian peak of Cort, particularly under constant darkness conditions. Chemogenetic stimulation of DMHVgat neurons increased Cort, although with a lower magnitude compared to DMHVglut2 neuron stimulation, suggesting a role in disinhibiting PVHCRH neurons. Supporting this hypothesis, we found that rostral DMHVgat neurons project directly to GABAergic neurons in the caudal ventral part of the PVH and adjacent peri-PVH area (cvPVH), which directly inhibit PVHCRH neurons, and that activating the DMHVgat terminals in the cvPVH in brain slices reduced GABAergic afferent input onto the PVHCRH neurons. Finally, ablation of cvPVHVgat neurons resulted in increased Cort release at the onset of the active phase, affirming the pivotal role of the DMHVgat → cvPVHVgat → PVHCRH pathway in Cort secretion. In summary, our study delineates two parallel pathways transmitting temporal information to PVHCRH neurons, collectively orchestrating the daily surge in Cort in anticipation of the active phase. These findings are crucial to understand the neural circuits regulating Cort secretion, shedding light on the mechanisms governing this physiological process and the coordinated interplay between SCN, DMH, and PVH.
ZIF-8/Cellulose Nanocomposites: Scalable Electrode Materials for Solar Powered Capacitive Deionization Desalination
Authors: khanghah zahra kamali
Published: July 2024

Saline water poses a significant challenge specifically for agricultural irrigation. Solar-powered capacitive deionization (CDI) offers an energy-efficient solution for desalination. This study explores zeolite imidazolate framework/cellulose acetate (ZIF-8/CA) nanocomposite electrodes as a promising option for solar-powered CDI technology. This nanocomposite boasts several advantages, including high surface area, simple synthesis, and well-developed porosity, making it scalable and potentially commercially viable for desalination applications. Notably, the ZIF-8 component exhibits homogenous intergrowth onto the cellulose surface, forming a ten-layered structure. To evaluate their performance, electrochemical performance was assessed through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) within a CDI unit. The ZIF-8/CA nanocomposite demonstrates a high specific capacitance of approximately 156.20 F/g, suggesting its potential as a promising, scalable, and eco-friendly adsorbent for CDI, particularly well-suited for agricultural applications.
Hybrid approach of Hypothesis Testing to test the mean difference between two groups utilising Gaussian Distribution and Confidence Interval
Authors: Hasan Kazi Sakib
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an easier and new robust method for hypothesis testing to conclude significant mean differences between two independent or paired samples using the concepts of location, variability, confidence intervals and Gaussian distribution. For hypothesis testing of two samples, t-test is widely used. Beside this, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and often permutation test is also conducted. Each of these methods have their own rigorousness and drawbacks for which general people and non-statistics students often find it hard to conduct experiments using these. To fix these issues, a new method of hypothesis testing is proposed in this paper that basically utilises the properties of normally distributed data and resampling, and is relatively easier to calculate using only pen and paper. The time complexity analysis of each program is also conducted to give a concise overview about which hypothesis testing algorithm is more efficient and faster to execute, since statisticians use a lot of software nowadays for their analytical tasks.
Cäcilie Heinig, 1882–1951
Authors: Möllring Christina
Published: July 2024

Cäcilie Heinig (1882–1951) hat einen Klassiker der Kinderliteratur aus dem Schwedischen ins Deutsche übersetzt: Astrid Lindgrens "Pippi Langstrumpf".
Development of a Family Therapist’s Countertransference Management Training Program and Verification of its Effectiveness
Authors: Min KyungSook , Ham KyongAe , Yang HoYon
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the effectiveness of a countertransference management training program to help family therapists become more professional by improving their ability to manage and utilize countertransference. Methods: To this end, a program consisting of eight sessions was developed according to the group counseling program development model of Cheon Seong-moon et al. (2017). To verify the effectiveness of the program, 16 family therapists who wanted to participate in the program were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups and compared at pre-, post-, and follow-up time points. The measures of counselor self-reflection, countertransference behavior, and case understanding ability scales were analyzed using mixed ANOVA. Results: The results showed that the program had a significant effect on improving the level of counselor self-reflection and reducing countertransference behaviors but did not significantly affect the improvement of family therapists' case understanding skills. Conclusions: This study helps build capacity for interventions in family counseling. Recommendations and implications for further research are discussed based on the findings.
A Study on the Experiences of Married Immigrant Women Who Participated in Domestic and Sexual Violence Counselor Training
Authors: Kang Jin A , Choi Hye Lim
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the specific content and meaning of married immigrant women’s experience of participating in a training course for domestic violence and sexual violence counseling. Methods: The study was conducted by collecting participation records from 24 married immigrant women who completed 100 hours of domestic violence and sexual violence counselor training at a family center in Seoul for three years, applying Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis method. Results: The eleven themes that emerged were derived based on a total of 149 meanings. The higher-level concepts were the themes grouped into five categories: “re-awareness of human rights”, “expanded understanding of self in relationships”, “improved ability to cope with violence”, “prepared as a counselor”, and “experience of a fulfilling happy communication”. Conclusions: We proposed a practical plan to help support family counseling services related to domestic violence through the essence of married immigrant women’s experiences.
The Development Of Android-Based Plane Figure Educational Game Using Unity 2D With Fisher Yates Shuffle Algorithm (A Case Study At Sekolah Dasar Negeri 1 Brobot)
Authors: Cinde Cinde Yuliga , Pinandita Tito
Published: July 2024

The development of educational games can be utilized optimally as one of the learning media. The learning activity applied in grade IV at SD Negeri 1 Brobot (Public Elementary School 1 of Brobot) still uses conventional methods, it makes students feel bored especially in plane figure material. This study aims to develop an Android-based plane figure educational game using Unity 2D with Fisher Yates Shuffle to increase students' interest and motivation in learning, especially in plane figure material. This study uses RD (Research and Development) using the ADDIE development model. The ADDIE stage includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. In the validation test of the plane figure educational game, the researcher uses two validators, namely a validator as a media expert and another validator as a material expert. In addition, the plane figure educational game was tested for practicality with the subject of 3 students of grade IV at SD Negeri 1 Brobot, who were categorized as high ability (1 student), another one student in medium ability and the rest one is in low ability. At the implementation stage, the pretest and posttest were tested on 12 students to find out the effectiveness of educational games in increasing student learning. The results obtained in the plane figure educational game are from the media expert validation test getting a percentage of 82.8%, the material expert validation test getting a percentage of 87.5%, and the practicality test getting an average percentage of 82.5%. In the pretest and posttest tests, the average percentage is 27.5% pretest and the posttest score is 40.8 and the learning improvement gets an increase of 48.4%.
Implementation of Finite State Machine to Determine The Behaviour of Non-Playabale Character in Leadership Simulation Game
Authors: Rizqi Alvian Muhammad Bagus , Bukhori Saiful , Furqon Muhammad ‘Ariful
Published: July 2024

In today's era, games are widely enjoyed by the Indonesian society, and one of them is simulation games. Simulation games have many advantages, including allowing players to experiment freely and encouraging them to learn. Therefore, the use of simulation games can be utilized as a training medium, such as leadership training. There are five levels of leadership based on The 5 Levels of Leadership: position, permission, production, people development, and pinnacle. Direct practice is necessary in training these levels of leadership through the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in simulation games. One of the AIs used for this implementation is the Finite State Machine (FSM). FSM will be implemented in Non-Playable Characters (NPCs) to determine behavior that is adjusted to the 5 levels of leadership. There are three State Machines (SM) applied to NPCs: Core Game SM, Movement SM, and Status SM. The use of FSM in NPCs results in dynamic NPC behavior in terms of physical movement and changes in NPC status according to 5 Levels of Leadership
Thermal and Mechanical Evaluations of Innovative Polyurethane Materials and Its Precursors Based on Moringa oleifera Oil
Authors: Silveira Kamilla , Almeida Gabriel , Brito Debora , Rodrigues Francisco‑Alessandro , Ferreira Elano , Mattos Adriano , Moreira Denise , Sousa Alexandre , Britto Douglas , Ricardo Nágila
Published: July 2024

This study highlights the synthesis of innovative polyurethane materials derived from Moringa oleifera oils extracted from two distinct sources. The oils were converted into their respective polyols through the in situ generated performic acid method. Diverse material characteristics were observed due to different agroclimatic and cultivation conditions for the sources. Extraction yields were 45.21% (source 1) and 40.32% (source 2), with acid values of 28.70 and 26.00 mg KOH per g of oil, respectively. Oleic acid constituted 79.87 and 67.11% of the oils composition, respectively. Nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the hydroxylation of the oils. FTIR also identified the isocyanate structures in the synthesized polyurethane materials. Gel permeation chromatography analysis revealed a higher oligomer content in the polyol synthesized from the oil extracted from source 2. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated enhanced thermal stability post-oil conversion, highlighting decomposition stages for rigid and flexible segments. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated higher unsaturation in the oil extracted from source 1, resulting in an elevated crystallization temperature. Tensile testing showed increased elasticity as the [NCO]/[OH] ratio decreased in the material, emphasizing the influence of polyol and crosslinking agent concentrations on mechanical resistance of polyurethane materials.
Project’s cost-benefit analysis for social infrastucture in tertiary education sector with sharia financing and the interest of waqifs: an Indonesia perspective
Authors: Surachman Eko Nur , Mauliana Afia , Yonimurwanto Nugroho
Published: July 2024

Purpose - This research was conducted to analyze how CWLS can be promising sources of infrastructure financing by presenting the benefit through the calculation of Cost-Benefit Analysis to the prospective waqifs.Method - This research used a mixed method: quantitative method using a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) model by monetizing the costs and benefits of education infrastructure. CWLS is used as the source of financing to build it. Meanwhile, the qualitative method is conducted through focus group discussion to present and discuss the project benefit to the prospective waqifs.Result - The project delivered greater benefits in terms of positive NPV (IDR 937.437.495.257) and IRR (15,60%). The calculation attracts prospective waqifs that consider the non-monetary return in their investment, to invest in CWLS.Implication - The CWLS issuer should explain the greater benefits generated from the infrastructure financed by the CWLS to the prospective waqif. Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is one of the tools to do it effectively.Originality - This study is one of a few studies exploring the CWLS instrument to finance public infrastructure, with its originality lying in the examination of the attractiveness of the CWLS to the prospective waqifs given the fact that the instrument offers zero profit in terms of financial return, but the beneficial reward from Allah SWT.
Creative accounting from an Islamic perspective: viewed from sadd al dzari’ah concept
Authors: Istiariani Irma , Wahyuni Andi Sri , Amalia Farah
Published: July 2024

Purpose - This study aims to determine how Islamic Perspective views creative accounting practices that have been happening in Indonesia if viewed from the Sadd Al dzari`ah ConceptMethod - The method used in this research is qualitative with a library research approach. The case discussed in this study is creative accounting conducted by many companies in Indonesia, as viewed from the Sadd Al dzari`ah Concept.Result - The results of this study shows that creative accounting practices in many companies in Indonesia are not follow Islamic perspectives if viewed from the Sadd Al dzari`ah Concept.Implication - This research emphasizes that management should always identify all creative accounting techniques to avoid the occurrence of creative accounting.Originality - Similar research related to creative accounting has been conducted. Still, the research about creative accounting has been widely reviewed from the Islam perspective, especially Sadd Al dzari`ah concept, which has never been done. This research contributes to how creative accounting practices are viewed from the Islamic prespective, especially from the Sadd Al dzari`ah concept.
Contribution of Metropolitan Employers to the Maintenance of Employees’ Health: Moscow Experience
Authors: Bogdan Ignat , Gornostalev Maksim , Chistyakova Dar'ya
Published: July 2024

Healthy lifestyle prevents noncommunicable diseases, which is a priority of state policy in this area. To follow this policy, employers should provide their employees with the possibility to maintain healthy lifestyle at work because healthy workers are an important business resource, not to mention public benefits. The research objective was to study the healthy lifestyle practices in Moscow organizations of various forms of ownership. The authors revealed some statistically significant dependencies between the employer’s attitude to the employees’ health, the employees’ lifestyle, and how the employees assessed their health. According to the survey, 61 % of able-bodied Muscovites believe that their employers care about their health. The main health preservation practices included comfortable working conditions (75 %), alcohol ban (71 %), friendly atmosphere (64 %), and good work-and-rest patterns (62 %). In addition, voluntary medical insurance was mentioned as a popular measure (44 %). Other basic principles of healthy lifestyle at work included physical activity, healthy diet, maintaining mental health, quitting smoking and alcohol consumption, etc. Large businesses proved to offer their employees the most diverse health programs. The authors also developed some principles of corporate health programs.
Legal policy in the field of ethnology
Authors: Yudina Marina I. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Alekseenko Aleksandr P. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

The role of ethnology and anthropology in Russian legal science is not high. Meanwhile, the data of the abovementioned sciences linked with law, could be used to build mechanisms for resolving issues connected with fertility and even with criminal punishment. The authors of this paper believe that in order to make justified legal decisions, it is necessary to increase the legislator’s attention to the results of ethnological research, to organize and implement rational policies in the field of ethnology, considering the ethnological analysis of problem areas of modern legal reality. Ethnology can provide data for legal science, for example, about the deterioration of the situation of a particular ethnic group, a decrease in the number of endangered languages’ speakers, and problems in the functioning of traditional economics. Based on the results of ethnological research demonstrating the decline in the number of one or another indigenous people, the state can develop specific targeted measures to preserve these groups of population. In particular, provide financial and regulatory measures, including the establishment of more stringent sanctions in administrative and criminal law for encroachment on the rights of citizens representing a national minority that is on the verge of extinction. The authors argue that results of ethnological research should become a road map for the legislator in the development of regulations relating to the protection of the rights of indigenous peoples, their support, as well as the development of their cultural autonomy. In this regard, it is necessary to develop a concept that will determine the place of ethnology in the legislative process, identify goals, directions in lawmaking for the use of material collected by ethnologists, indicate vulnerable and endangered peoples of Russia, for the preservation of which it is necessary to develop special protection mechanisms, introduce new measures of support or supplement existing ones.
An empirical analysis of criminal sanctions against exam cheating in China
Authors: Li Lifeng ,   Jilin University
Published: July 2024

In order to ensure the sustainability of the national examination system, which is the basis of social mobility, China has added new criminal sanctions for Exam Cheating in the criminal law amendment in 2015, and issued the latest judicial interpretation in 2019. However, through the analysis of the relevant judicial application data from 2015 to 2019 by SPSS, it is found that there is still a certain gap between the latest judicial interpretation and the actual problems. To a large extent, the judicial interpretation in 2019 solved the problems of the scope of the crimes of exam cheating and clarified its boundary with other related crimes. However, it does not contain detailed provisions on “serious circumstances”, which will certainly affect the original purpose of legal regulation laid down by the legislator to prevent illegal acts and formulate lawful behavior. Through the empirical research on such crimes, this article argues that the functions of criminal law in shaping the moral and behavior standard could give full play only by revising the penalty standards through later judicial interpretation. Such measures are extremely necessary and will achieve the goal that the legislator pursued when introducing liability for cheating.
From Tradition to Transformation: Exploring Broto Folk Art of Bengal
Authors: Semwal Varuna ,   University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India., Guha Shreejit , Chakrabarti Debkumar
Published: July 2024

Symbolic patterns and religious motifs are commonplace in Indian folk-art traditions such as in Broto Folk art, where floor design patterns were practised as a ritual relevant to the issues prayed to for well-being. As the designs responded to the shifting trends in society have impacted the motifs throughout time, and efforts to preserve and promote resulted in a cumulative action by artists as paintings or decorative art pieces. Broto Folk art, one of the oldest indigenous crafts from India, has been a testimony to the evolving times of history. Often linked by its roots to the Indus Valley Civilization, this ancient craft- its motifs, patterns and design can be studied to explore the thematic representation of time. Through analysis of the designs from various times in history, much information can be uncovered about the lifestyles, and aspirations of the people at the time and society. Using motifs, floor arts such as Broto folk art reflect the aspirations of society at the time. To mirror the aesthetic aspirations of the populace in the present times, contemporary social practices ought to dictate floor designs. An analysis of the materials, symbolism, and hues of a work of art can provide insights into the culture where it was created. As a result of the shifting social dynamics, aspirations have also evolved, impacting the motifs and designs utilised to portray the same. Considering the evolving lifestyle and societal value systems, this study examines the thematic representation of society in Broto Folk art designs via interviews with a group of selected folk artists and surveys.
An Analysis of the Textile Technology and Design Subject Operations for Secondary Schools in Zimbabwe
Authors: Sindisiwe Dube ,   Chinhoyi University of Technology, Zimbabwe., Felisia Chimbindi , Chipo Chuma
Published: July 2024

This study evaluates the Textile Technology and Design (TTD) curriculum in Zimbabwean secondary schools, highlighting the need for performance improvement in a competitive work environment. Employing a post-positivism research paradigm with mixed methods, it examines operations procedures, challenges, and enhancement strategies among staff and pupils. indicate prevalent use of standard operations with gaps in pattern development and finishing processes. The study suggests integrating a method study unit for systematic analysis, optimizing production systems for TTD self-sustainability, and establishing network-sharing centres to bridge the gap between traditional methods and technological advancements.
Ferrate as a coagulant prior to sand filters treating secondary wastewater effluent for reuse
Authors: Gaber Omar , Elbarki Walid , Fayed Mai , Aly Samia Ahmed Abdelrahman
Published: July 2024

Wastewater reuse is one of the crucial water resources in Egypt due to the ongoing need to increase water resources and close the supply-demand gap. In this study, a new coagulant has been investigated before sand filters as an advanced wastewater treatment method. The sand filter pilot was run at a hydraulic loading rate of 0.75 m/h and two different dosages of three coagulants (Alum, FeCl3, and Ferrate VI) were selected using the jar tests. The sand filter without coagulant removed 12% of BOD5 and 70% of turbidity. Applying in-line coagulation before the sand filter provided effluents with better quality, especially for turbidity, organics, and microorganisms. Ferrate provided the highest removal of turbidity (90%) and BOD5 (93%) at very low dosages and lower costs compared with other coagulants, however, it adversely impacted both conductivity and dissolved solids. A significant effect on reducing bacteria was obtained with 40.0 mg/L of alum. According to the study's findings, the ferrate coagulant enhanced the sand filter's performance producing effluents with high quality, enabling it to meet strict water reuse regulations as well as aquatic environmental and health preservations.
LAMTOR5-AS1 Regulates Chemotherapy-induced Oxidative Stress via the miR-34a-3p/SIRT1/HNF4A Axis in Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Zhao Fangfang , Wei Chao , Pu Youguang , Zang Chunbao
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Osteosarcoma (OS) drug resistance often leads to a poor prognosis.
Recent evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs play a crucial role in regulating
tumor drug resistance.

Method:

This study aims to investigate the involvement of lncRNA LAMTOR5-AS1 in
OS. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR were performed, and the relationship between LAMTOR5-
AS1, miR-34a-3p, SIRT1, and HNF4A was determined using Dual-luciferase reporter
assays and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Gain- and loss-of-function assays
were measured using CCK-8, cell proliferation, and colony formation assays.

Result:

The study found that the dysregulated LAMTOR5-AS1 acts as a competing endogenous
RNA (ceRNA) and competitively protects the HNF4A mRNA 3’ UTR from
miR-34a-3p. In addition, in vitro functional studies showed that HNF4A can physically
interact with SIRT1 to synergistically inhibit osteosarcoma drug resistance. The study
found that LAMTOR5-AS1 regulates drug resistance in osteosarcoma through the
miR-34a-3p/HNF4A or miR-34a-3p/SIRT1/HNF4A axis.

Conclusion:

These findings offer new insights into lncRNA-mediated drug resistance in
cancer and may serve as potential biomarkers for cancer therapy.
Dental Caries: Unveiling the State-of-the-art Insights and Crafting Hypotheses for Oral Health
Authors: Kaur Palwinder , Vyas Manish , Sharma Sandeep
Published: July 2024

:

The pathophysiological understanding of dental caries explains that the primary factor responsible
is linked to an imbalance in microbial composition within the oral cavity, stemming from both artificial and natural
sources. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the most accountable and prevalent pathogen for caries development
among the diverse pool. S. mutans, an acidogenic bacterium, lowers oral pH through the metabolic
conversion of dietary sugar into organic acids, leading to enamel demineralization and dental caries. Numerous
antibacterial interventions have been employed in the past to address this issue. However, adopting such
an approach poses the risk of exacerbating concerns related to Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and long-term
oral cytotoxicity. In response to this, a sustainable strategy is suggested, involving the utilization of L-Arginine
(L-Arg) as a probiotic nutrient supplement for non-pathogenic microbes. It will help in creating a natural
competitive environment against the pathogenic microbes responsible for initiating dental caries. The hypothesis
involves utilizing a combination of a nutrient supplement and the repurposed drug Piceatannol, specifically
for its anti-biofilm properties. This combination synergistically improves the effectiveness of the therapy by
converting the complex microbial biofilm into a planktonic state.
In silico Screening and in vitro Cytotoxicity Study of Achyranthes aspera Phytochemicals Against Oral Cancer: A Possible Step towards the
Development of Anti-cancer Agents
Authors: Israr Juveriya , Khan Mohsin Ali , Misra Sankalp , Gupta Divya , Singh Nootan , Ahmad Rumana , Siddiqui Sahabjada
Published: July 2024

Background:

Oral cancer poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. In
addition, because many chemotherapy treatments have negative side effects, natural herbs may
be beneficial for oral cancer therapy. Achyranthes aspera (AA), a potential medicinal herb, exerts
various pharmacological and biochemical activities.

Objective:

The present study aimed to predict the anti-oral cancer potential of AA using in silico
tools and cell death by in vitro testing.

Methods:

A total of fourteen bioactive constituents from AA herb were selected using phytochemical
databases. The toxicity of AA herb extract was analysed through MTT assay against
oral carcinoma A253 cell line. The binding activities of the phytocomponents against serine/
threonine-specific protein kinases isoforms, namely Akt1 (PDB ID: 3qkk) and Akt2 (PDB
ID: 2jdo) proteins, were analysed using Discovery Studio 2021 and PyRx docking software.

Results:

Cell viability data revealed that AA extract decreased the viability and reduced the
number of live cells of the oral carcinoma A253 cell line in a dose-dependent manner. The halfmaximal
concentration (IC50) value of AA was assessed as 204.74 μg/ml. Based on binding affinity,
saponin C (-CDOCKER energy = -77.9862), oleanolic acid (-CDOCKER energy = -
49.4349), spinasterol (-CDOCKER energy = -38.1246), 36,47-dihydroxyhenpentacontan-4-one
(-CDOCKER energy = -32.4386), and 20-hydroxyecdysone (-CDOCKER energy = -31.9138)
were identified as the best compounds against Akt1, while, compounds saponin C (-CDOCKER
energy = -134.412), oleanolic acid (-CDOCKER energy = -90.0846), spinasterol (-CDOCKER
energy = -78.3213), 20-hydroxyecdysone (-CDOCKER energy = -80.1049), and ecdysone (-
CDOCKER energy = -73.3885) were identified as Akt2 inhibitors. These top compounds fulfilled
drug score values, pharmacokinetic and physicochemical characteristics, and druglikeness
parameters.

Conclusion:

The present findings reveal that the lead phytomolecules of AA could be effective
and developed as a prospective drug against oral cancer.
Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Integrated with Molecular Dynamics Simulations Investigate the Pharmacological Mechanism of
Yinchenhao Decoction in the Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Yang Rong , Jiang Dansheng , Xu Hongling , Yang Huili , Feng Lian , Wu Qibiao , Xing Yufeng
Published: July 2024

Background:

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has become a significant
health and economic burden globally. Yinchenhao decoction (YCHD) is a traditional Chinese
medicine formula that has been validated to exert therapeutic effects on NAFLD.

Object:

The current study aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanisms of YCHD on
NAFLD and further identify the potential active compounds acting on the main targets.

Methods:

Compounds in YCHD were screened and collected from TCMSP and published studies,
and their corresponding targets were obtained from the SWISS and SEA databases.
NAFLD-related targets were searched in the GeneCards and DisGeNet databases. The “compound-
intersection target” network was constructed to recognize the key compounds. Moreover,
a PPI network was constructed to identify potential targets. GO and KEGG analyses were performed
to enrich the functional information of the intersection targets. Then, molecular docking
was used to identify the most promising compounds and targets. Finally, molecular dynamics
(MD) simulations were performed to verify the binding affinity of the most potential compounds
with the key targets.

Results:

A total of 53 compounds and 556 corresponding drug targets were collected. Moreover,
2684 NAFLD-related targets were obtained, and 201 intersection targets were identified.
Biological processes, including the apoptotic process, inflammatory response, xenobiotic metabolic
process, and regulation of MAP kinase activity, were closely related to the treatment of
NAFLD. Metabolic pathways, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the MAPK signaling pathway,
and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were found to be the key pathways. Molecular docking
showed that quercetin and isorhamnetin were the potential active compounds, while AKT1,
IL1B, and PPARG were the most promising targets. MD simulations further verified that the
binding of PPARG-isorhamnetin (-35.96 ± 1.64 kcal/mol) and AKT1-quercetin (-31.47 ± 1.49
kcal/mol) was due to their lowest binding free energy.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that YCHD exerts therapeutic effects for the treatment of
NAFLD through multiple targets and pathways, providing a theoretical basis for further pharmacological
research on the potential mechanisms of YCHD in NAFLD.
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Lenvatinib Causes Cardiotoxicity by Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis through Activating ATF6, IRE1α and PERK Signaling Pathways
Authors: Wang Siqi , Ji Fang , Gao Xiaoli , Li Zhiyi , Lv Si , Zhang Juan , Luo Jiarui , Li Dan , Yan Jie , Zhang Huayang , Fang Kaicheng , Wu Lin , Li Miaoling
Published: July 2024

Background:

Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can improve
progression-free survival in patients with thyroid cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.
However, it is limited by adverse cardiovascular events, including hypertension and
cardiac dysfunction. Activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in cardiomyocyte
apoptosis.

Objective:

This study aimed to confirm whether the cardiotoxicity of lenvatinib is associated
with endoplasmic reticulum stress by targeting the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), inositol-
requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) signaling
pathways.

Methods:

Male C57/BL6 mice were intragastric administration with 30 mg/kg/day lenvatinib.
Electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography were used to detect arrhythmias and cardiac
function. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with lenvatinib for 48h. Cell counting kit
(CCK8), 2´,7´-dichlorodihydrofluoresceine diacetate (H2DCFHDA), Hoechst 33258 and dihydrorhodamine
123 were respectively used for evaluating cell viability, the level of reactive oxygen
species (ROS), nuclear morphological changes and mitochondrial membrane potential
(MMP) level.

Results:

Lenvatinib remarkably decreased the posterior wall thickness of left ventricle
during diastole and systole but caused little decrease to the left ventricular ejection fraction
(LVEF, %). Furthermore, lenvatinib greatly prolonged the corrected QT interval (QTc) and
altered the morphology of cardiomyocytes. No significant difference in fibrosis was found
in mouse cardiac slices. Lenvatinib upregulates apoptosis-related protein expression. In
addition, lenvatinib increased ERS-related proteins expression (GRP78, CHOP, and ATF6) and
enhanced PERK phosphorylation. In neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, lenvatinib markedly
decreased the viability of cardiomyocytes and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, ROS production
increased and MMP decreased. Similar to the mice experiment, lenvatinib caused upregulation
of apoptosis-related and ERS-related proteins and increased the phosphorylation levels of PERK
and IRE1α.

Conclusion:

Lenvatinib-induced cardiotoxicity is associated with ERS-induced apoptosis by
targeting the ATF6, IRE1α, and PERK signaling pathways.
Epigallocatechin Gallate Derivative Y6 Reverses Oxaliplatin Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Targeting the MiR-338-3p/HIF-1α/TWIST
Axis to Inhibit EMT
Authors: Huang Chuan , Wang Si-Hong , Liu Tao-Tao , Wu Mei-Yi , Cai Kai-Ning , Xie Zhan-Hong , Zhao Rui-Qiang , Wen Yan
Published: July 2024

Background:

The emergence of drug resistance to oxaliplatin (OXA) is one of the critical
obstacles in the therapy of advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). As an ethyl derivative
of the natural compound epigallocatechin gallate (epigallocatechin-3-gallate, EGCG), Y6 was
found to be able to enhance the sensitivity of HCC cells to doxorubicin. This study aimed to investigate
the effect of Y6 on oxaliplatin resistance in HCC.

Methods:

MTT was used to determine the reversal effect of Y6 on OXA resistance. To further explore
the reversal mechanism, we treated OXA alone or in combination with Y6 or EGCG in drugresistant
cells and observed the morphological changes of the cells. At the same time, transwell assay
was used to detect the invasion and migration ability of cells. Moreover, Real-time PCR and
Western blot analysis were performed to determine the expression levels of the miR-338-3p gene,
HIF-1α/Twist proteins, and EMT-related proteins.

Results:

We found that Y6 could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and effectively reverse the
drug resistance of oxaliplatin-resistant human liver cancer cells (SMMC-7721/OXA) to OXA, and
the reversal effect was more significant than that of its lead drug EGCG. Most of the cells in the
control group and OXA group showed typical mesenchymal-like cell morphology, while most of
the cells in co-administration groups showed typical epithelioid cell morphology, and the ability
of the cells to invade and migrate decreased dramatically, particularly in Y6 plus OXA group. At
the same time, Y6 could up-regulate the EMT epithelial marker protein E-cadherin and down-regulate
the interstitial marker protein Vimentin. In addition, in co-administration groups, the expression
of miR-338-3p was up-regulated, while the expression of HIF-1α and Twist was down-regulated.

Conclusion:

Y6 significantly enhanced the susceptibility of drug-resistant cells to OXA, and the
process may be related to the regulation of miR-338-3p/HIF-1α / TWIST pathway to inhibit EMT.
Therefore, Y6 could be considered an effective medication resistance reversal agent, which could
improve the therapeutic effect for hepatocellular cancer patients.
Unmasking Stigma: A Qualitative Exploration of Nurses in Urban and Rural Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Marpaung Yosi Marin , Ernawati Ernawati , Fushen  
Published: July 2024

Background

Studies investigating the manifestations of stigma on nurses during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia are still limited. Moreover, previous studies have primarily focused on nurses directly involved in COVID-19 care.

Objective

This study aims to thoroughly explore the sources of stigma and the spectrum of stigma manifestations—enacted, anticipated, and internalized—experienced by Indonesian nurses working across different levels of healthcare in the urban and rural settings of Indonesia during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews was conducted. Thirty-three nurses who worked in the urban area of Jakarta and in rural areas of West Kalimantan participated. Data analysis was carried out using the framework method.

Results

The findings showed that Indonesian nurses, regardless of their context (i.e., place of stay, COVID-19 status, level of health service, or area of service), encountered stigma during the pandemic. Sources of stigma varied widely and included self-stigma, stigma from family members, friends, health care recipients whether in hospital or out of hospital, colleagues, and other staff in the workplace, workplace policy and practices, the community surrounding their homes, markets, transport drivers, room rental owners, religious community, and online communities (netizens). Nine forms of enacted stigma, two forms of anticipated stigma, and four manifestations of internalized stigma were identified.

Conclusion

Not only do nurses bear the stigma related to the COVID-19 threat, but nurses also endured and felt stigma related to their nursing profession and the stigma associated with mental health issues. Indonesian nurses faced a triple burden of stigma during a pandemic, such as COVID-19, as stigma perpetuated from multiple levels of sources and intersected with other issues beyond the threat of the virus itself. To enhance nurses' resilience in future health crises, greater efforts are required to mitigate stigmatization against them.