bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lower need for allogeneic blood transfusion after robotic low anterior resection compared with open low anterior resection: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Wiklund Erik , Carlander Johan , Wagner Philippe , Engdahl Malin , Chabok Abbas , Nikberg Maziar
Published: March 2023

Robotic low anterior resection (R-LAR) for rectal cancer may decrease estimated blood loss compared with open low anterior resection (O-LAR). The aim of this study was to compare estimated blood loss and blood transfusion within 30 days after O-LAR and R-LAR. This was a retrospective matched cohort study based on prospectively registered data from Västmanland Hospital, Sweden. The first 52 patients operated on using R-LAR for rectal cancer at Västmanland Hospital were propensity score-matched 1:2 with patients who underwent O-LAR for age, sex, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology physical classification system), and tumor distance from the anal verge. In total, 52 patients in the R-LAR group and 104 patients in the O-LAR group were included. Estimated blood loss was significantly higher in the O-LAR group compared with R-LAR: 582.7 ml (SD ± 489.2) vs. 86.1 ml (SD ± 67.7); p < 0.001. Within 30 days after surgery, 43.3% of patients who received O-LAR and 11.5% who received R-LAR were treated with blood transfusion (p < 0.001). As a secondary post hoc finding, multivariable analysis identified O-LAR and lower pre-operative hemoglobin level as risk factors for the need of blood transfusion within 30 days after surgery. Patients who underwent R-LAR had significantly lower estimated blood loss and a need for peri- and post-operative blood transfusion compared with O-LAR. Open surgery was shown to be associated with an increased need for blood transfusion within 30 days after low anterior resection for rectal cancer.
Role of acute mechanical circulatory support devices in cardiogenic shock
Authors: Garg Pankaj , Hussain Md Walid Akram , Sareyyupoglu Basar
Published: March 2023

Cardiogenic shock is a state of low cardiac output that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A considerable proportion of patients with cardiogenic shock respond poorly to medical management and require acute mechanical circulatory support (AMCS) devices to improve tissue perfusion as well as to support the heart. In the last two decades, many new AMCS devices have been introduced to support the right, left, and both ventricles. All these devices vary in terms of the support they provide to the body and heart, mechanism of functioning, method of insertion, and adverse events. In this review, we compare and contrast the available percutaneous and surgically placed AMCS devices used in cardiogenic shock and discuss the associated clinical and hemodynamic data to make a conscious decision about choosing a device.
Proper Holomorphic Maps in Euclidean Spaces Avoiding Unbounded Convex Sets
Authors: Drinovec Drnovšek Barbara , Forstnerič Franc
Published: March 2023

We show that if E is a closed convex set in $${\mathbb {C}}^n$$

C

n

$$(n>1)$$

(
n
>
1
)

contained in a closed halfspace H such that $$E\cap bH$$

E
∩
b
H

is nonempty and bounded, then the concave domain $$\Omega = {\mathbb {C}}^n{\setminus } E$$

Ω
=

C

n

\
E

contains images of proper holomorphic maps $$f:X\rightarrow {\mathbb {C}}^n$$

f
:
X
→

C

n

from any Stein manifold X of dimension $$<n$$

<
n

, with approximation of a given map on closed compact subsets of X. If in addition $$2\dim X+1\le n$$

2
dim
X
+
1
≤
n

then f can be chosen an embedding, and if $$2\dim X=n$$

2
dim
X
=
n

, then it can be chosen an immersion. Under a stronger condition on E, we also obtain the interpolation property for such maps on closed complex subvarieties.
A Note on the Critical Laplace Equation and Ricci Curvature
Authors: Fogagnolo Mattia , Malchiodi Andrea , Mazzieri Lorenzo
Published: March 2023

We study strictly positive solutions to the critical Laplace equation $$\begin{aligned} - \Delta u = n(n-2) u^{\frac{n+2}{n-2}}, \end{aligned}$$

-
Δ
u
=
n

(
n
-
2
)

u

n
+
2

n
-
2

,

decaying at most like $$d(o, x)^{-(n-2)/2}$$

d

(
o
,
x
)

-
(
n
-
2
)
/
2

, on complete noncompact manifolds (M, g) with nonnegative Ricci curvature, of dimension $$n \ge 3$$

n
≥
3

. We prove that, under an additional mild assumption on the volume growth, such a solution does not exist, unless (M, g) is isometric to $$\mathbb R^n$$

R
n

and u is a Talenti function. The method employs an elementary analysis of a suitable function defined along the level sets of u.
Singular Anisotropic Problems with Competition Phenomena
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Vetro Calogero , Vetro Francesca
Published: March 2023

We consider a Dirichlet problem driven by the anisotropic (p(z), q(z))-Laplacian, with a parametric reaction exhibiting the combined effects of singular and concave-convex nonlinearities. The superlinear term may change sign. Using variational tools together with truncation and comparison techniques, we prove a global (for the parameter $$\lambda >0$$

λ
>
0

) existence and multiplicity theorem (a bifurcation-type theorem).
Global gateways as telecoupled human and natural systems: The emerging case of the Bering Strait
Authors: Waloven Sydney , Kapsar Kelly , Schwoerer Tobias , Berman Matthew , I. Schmidt Jennifer , Viña Andrés , Liu Jianguo
Published: March 2023

Numerous narrow marine passages around the world serve as essential gateways for the transportation of goods, the movement of people, and the migration of fish and wildlife. These global gateways facilitate human–nature interactions across distant regions. The socioeconomic and environmental interactions among distant coupled human and natural systems affect the sustainability of global gateways in complex ways. However, the assessment and analysis of global gateways are scattered and fragmented. To fill this knowledge gap, we frame global gateways as telecoupled human and natural systems using an emerging global gateway, the Bering Strait, as a demonstration. We examine how three telecoupling processes (tourism, vessel traffic, and natural resource development) impact and are impacted by the coupled human and natural system of the Bering Strait Region. Given that global gateways share many similarities, our analysis of the Bering Strait Region provides a foundation for the assessment of other telecoupled global gateways.
Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of sandstone under ramp loading paths
Authors: Zou Quanle , Ning Yanhao , Zhang Bichuan , Tian Shixiang , Jiang Zebiao , An Yuqi
Published: March 2023

The revelation of the mechanical behaviors of rock in complex stress conditions is of vital importance for the safe exploitation of underground resources. In this paper, the ramp loading path was designed to elaborate the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of sandstone under the compound action of linear loading path and cyclic loading and unloading path. The strength, deformation, AE and failure characteristics of sandstone under ramp loading paths were obtained. The research achievements indicate that with the increase of the amplitude and decrease of the stress change rate, the peak stress decreases. Elastic modulus is more greatly affected by the linear path stress than by the cyclic disturbance. The irreversible strain curve is L-shaped under a single loading and unloading cycle. Under lower amplitudes and higher stress change rates, the loading and unloading response ratio fluctuates largely and decreases slightly. Under lower amplitudes and higher stress change rates, the deformation and failure of sandstone caused by stress growth under the linear path is the leading cause for total deformation and failure of sandstone. Under higher amplitudes and lower stress change rates, cyclic loading and unloading are the dominant factor for the failure of sandstone. The research results are of scientific value for evaluating rock failure.
White Health as Global Health
Authors: Sirleaf Matiangai
Published: March 2023

With the expansion of European imperialism, public health concerns became globalized, necessitating cooperation with other imperial powers for the treatment and prevention of diseases. This essay traces the role of race and racism in the development of global public health law. It explores the connections, legacies, vestiges, and important disjunctions between tropical medicine and global public health, and considers the primacy given to white health as one of the animating purposes behind the emergence of the global public health regime. The centrality of protecting the health and interests of white people then and now continues to inform the global health agenda. This essay surfaces the role of international law through omission and commission in structuring and reifying racialized hierarchies of care and concern. It concludes that transformational reforms aimed at addressing this legacy are necessary.
International Law, Race, and Capitalism: A Marxist Perspective
Authors: Knox Robert
Published: March 2023

The Marxist tradition is a crucial voice in the global anti-racist movement. Marxists were at the forefront of the anti-colonial and anti-imperialist movements, with those movements taking up Marxist concepts and deploying them to understand capitalism, race, and colonialism. Yet, these Marxist voices did not reflect systematically on international law. This essay attempts to remedy this neglect and understand what anti-racist and Third Worldist Marxists can offer international legal thought. It begins with a discussion of the typical (liberal) approach to racism in international law. It then explores how Marxists have understood the relationship between racism and capitalism, arguing that this fundamentally impacts upon international law. The essay concludes with an exploration of how these dynamics have played out in international law.
Slavery's Afterlives: Humanitarian Imperialism and Free Contract
Authors: Nesiah Vasuki
Published: March 2023

In 1833, slavery was abolished across the British Empire, but its specter continued to haunt the new labor regimes inaugurated in slavery's wake. While much of the analysis of these dynamics focuses on the triangular trade in the Atlantic, this essay focuses on the Indian Ocean. Slavery was largely replaced by indentured labor in the Indian Ocean world, marking a historically significant shift in the political economy of empire, the legal architecture of labor, and the discourses through which the imperial racial capitalist system was legitimated and contested. In the decades that followed, labor became incorporated into market institutions that continued into the post-colonial era. Yet, today, almost two hundred years later, slavery's spectral presence continues to inhabit international labor policy. I argue that the reference to slavery was incorporated into discourses of protection and free contract in ways that sought to sanitize and rationalize regimes of indenture and wage labor in the Indian Ocean world. Thus, paradoxically, slavery is often invoked in ways that are disconnected from its own material history. This essay seeks to trace the persistence of that double move of invocation and disconnection as itself symptomatic of the past in the present. In the context of the nineteenth century labor regime transitions, we might describe imperialism, humanitarianism, and capitalism as having a Weberian relationship of “elective affinities.” Slavery's haunting of the political and normative imagination of alternative labor systems encapsulated those affinities by fusing the denunciation of slavery with the promise of protection and profit, redeeming humanitarian imperialism and commodified labor.
“Only the Rivers Do Not Come Back”: Conservation Displacement and Rural Responses in Costa Rica
Authors: Lenti Joseph U.
Published: March 2023

Costa Rica’s environmental regime is world renowned, and since the mid-twentieth century, the country has protected its inestimable natural resources via land conservation expropriation. Through conservation Costa Rica ended the historical plague of deforestation, and its national parks and nature reserves buttress an ecotourism industry that is an important source of foreign revenue. But with every act of conservation, a human toll was also paid. As rural lands became protected areas, rural people lost access to places they depended on for survival. They hence became “victims” or, to some, “enemies” of conservation, and in nearly every setting, they resisted by carrying out land invasions; squatting; unauthorized ranching, farming, and mining; and even environmental banditry (as with the burning of La Casona in Santa Rosa National Park in 2001). Focusing on a handful of celebrated cases of land conservation, this analysis demonstrates how the creation of natural havens such as Corcovado National Park in 1975 displaced rural people and the various ways those people responded.
Benigne Prostatahyperplasie
Authors: Tamalunas Alexander , Keller Patrick , Schott Melanie , Atzler Michael , Ebner Benedikt , Hennenberg Martin , Stief Christian G. , Magistro Giuseppe
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung: Obstruktive und irritative Symptome des unteren Harntraktes («lower urinary tract symptoms», LUTS) betreffen grosse Teile der über-40-jährigen Bevölkerung und umfassen Blasenentleerungs- und Blasenspeicherstörungen. Als Ursache liegt der Blasenentleerungsstörung meist eine Obstruktion der Harnröhre durch eine gutartige Vergrösserung der Prostata zugrunde (benigne Prostatahyperplasie, BPH). In diesem Fall spricht man von einer benignen Prostataobstruktion (BPO). Durch den demografischen Wandel der Gesellschaft steigt zunehmend die Prävalenz benigner Prostataerkrankungen, bei mit dem Lebensalter steigender Inzidenz. Ein individualisierter Therapieansatz ist bei unterschiedlicher Ausprägung der Symptomatik zwingend erforderlich. Dieser reicht dabei von kontrolliertem Zuwarten, über die medikamentöse Therapie bis hin zum chirurgischen Eingriff. Im medikamentösen Therapieansatz stehen vor allem die akute Linderung der Symptomatik mit einer Steigerung der Lebensqualität sowie die Reduktion des Krankheitsprogresses im Vordergrund. Liegt der Symptomschwerpunkt auf Blasenentleerungsstörungen finden α1-Adrenozeptorantagonisten und 5α-Reduktaseinhibitoren (ggf. auch als Kombinationstherapien) Verwendung. Bei Blasenspeicherstörungen finden weitere Substanzklassen Anwendung, wie Muskarinrezeptorantagonisten oder β3-Agonisten. Unbehandelt, können LUTS zu schwerwiegenden Folgen und Komplikationen, aber auch zu einer stark reduzierten Lebensqualität führen.
High prevalence of peripheral and carotid artery disease in patients	with interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Stumpf Max Jonathan , Fleddermann Max Fabian , Wirtz Marina Michaela Luise , Biener Leonie , Weinhold Leonie , Schahab Nadjib , Weber Marcel , Nickenig Georg , Skowasch Dirk , Schaefer Christian Alexander , Pizarro Carmen
Published: March 2023

Summary: Background: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogenous group of diseases, which have pulmonary fibrosis, restrictive lung disease, and decreased diffusion capacity as a common final path. Premature death frequently results not from ILD itself but from comorbidities. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common comorbid disease in different chronic lung diseases. The focus of the present study is to clarify the prevalence of PAD in ILD. Patients and methods: A total of 97 patients with ILD and 30 controls were included in the study. Patients with ILD were subdivided into two groups according to the progression of pulmonary fibrosis: progressive fibrosing and non-progressive fibrosing ILD (PF-ILD and nPF-ILD, respectively). All participants underwent standard angiological and pneumological diagnostic procedures including six-minute walking test, measurement of ankle-brachial-index, and colour-coded duplex sonography. Results: We observed no relevant differences in the baseline characteristics except age. Both, PF-ILD and nPF-ILD patients, presented with a highly increased incidence of atherosclerotic lesions compared to the control group ( p<0.001). PAD was present in all patients with PF-ILD and in 73% of patients with nPF-ILD. These results were confirmed by age-adjusted regression analyses. Conclusions: The present results indicate that ILD is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Patients with PF-ILD are more severely affected than nPF-ILD patients with age as a confounding variable. Atherogenesis in ILD may be mediated by increased cardiovascular risk, systemic inflammation and chronic hypoxemia.
Pflege Dual Studieren (Teil II)
Authors: Strnad Philipp , Steeb Eva , Naumann Ina , Holoch Elisabeth
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung: Die Forderung nach hochschulisch qualifizierten Pflegenden, die in der unmittelbaren Versorgungspraxis tätig sind, besteht aufgrund der Empfehlung des Wissenschaftsrates seit mehr als zehn Jahren. Wie gelingt es Kliniken, erfolgreich eine akademisierte Pflegepraxis zu entwickeln? Drei Kliniken stellen ihre Konzepte zum Qualifikationsmix und der Einbindung einer akademischen Pflege vor.
Entwicklung eines Instruments zur Messung ethischer Kompetenz
Authors: Kremser Elisabeth , Schneider-Ragsch Birgit , Wimmers Sina , Thivissen Michael
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung: Die ethische Kompetenz ist ein wichtiger Teil der pflegerischen Handlungskompetenz. Wie sich die ethische Kompetenz in der Pflegeausbildung entwickelt, lässt sich nur durch eine Messung feststellen. Hierzu wurde ein Instrument erarbeitet und erstmals getestet.
Paleo‐Hydrogeological Modeling to Understand Present‐Day Groundwater Salinities in a Low‐Lying Coastal Groundwater System (Northwestern Germany)
Authors: Seibert Stephan L. , Greskowiak Janek , Bungenstock Friederike , Freund Holger , Karle Martina , Meyer Rena , Oude Essink Gualbert H. P. , van Engelen Joeri , Massmann Gudrun
Published: March 2023

Groundwater abstraction and drainage are considered to be the main drivers for the salinization of low‐lying coastal groundwater systems, while the role of past boundary conditions is less clear. In this study, 3‐D paleo‐hydrogeological variable‐density groundwater flow and salt transport modeling (“paleo‐modeling”) is applied to reconstruct the evolution of groundwater salinities during the Holocene, that is, the last 9,000 years, in Northwestern Germany. Novel aspects of this study include the consideration of highly resolved time‐variant boundary conditions in a 3‐D paleo‐modeling framework, for example, sea‐level rise, surface elevation and coastline changes, development of drainage networks and groundwater abstraction, as well as the quantification of isolated processes impacting salinization. Results show that salinization was a function of sea‐level rise from 9000 BP until 1300 CE. The creation of the dike line ∼1300 CE set the starting point for increasing anthropogenic control of the hydro(geo)logical system: changes in surface elevation and drainage of low‐lying marshes have become main drivers for salinization after 1600 CE when peat was artificially degenerated. Moreover, changes in the dike line caused by storm floods impacted the salinities. Model results for 2020 CE match well with present‐day salinity observations. Yet, salinization will continue in the future, as the hydro(geo)logical system has not reached an equilibrium. The presented paleo‐modeling framework can be viewed as a blueprint for similar low‐lying coastal groundwater systems, influenced by marine transgression and human development. Thereby, it enables the reconstruction of meaningful present‐day salinity distributions, serving as a vital basis for modeling future groundwater systems in a changing climate.
The Impact of Offshore‐Propagating Squall Lines on Coastal‐Mountain Flows
Authors: Wu Fan , Lombardo Kelly
Published: March 2023

Dynamical physical processes associated with an onshore moving marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL, i.e., sea breeze) over sloping terrain, sensitivity of these processes to MABL characteristics, and flow modifications induced by an offshore‐moving squall line are investigated using idealized simulations. The moving MABL gradually advances inland, exhibiting farther advancement and greater upslope wind speed for deeper and cooler MABLs. The local acceleration is primarily driven by a MABL‐generated perturbation pressure gradient force (PPGF). As the moving MABL air accumulates onshore over time, an opposing force associated with the increasing negative buoyancy eventually balances the PPGF and results in a quasi‐steady upslope flow. The approaching squall line disrupts this flow in two distinct ways; Initially the storm's cold pool enhances the ambient downslope winds which diminishes the upslope wind speeds, and subsequently the storm‐generated high‐frequency waves and the associated surface pressure low enhances the upslope‐directed PPGF which reintensifies the upslope flows.
High‐Resolution Broadband Lg Attenuation Structure of the Anatolian Crust and Its Implications for Mantle Upwelling and Plateau Uplift
Authors: Zhu Wei‐Mou , Zhao Lian‐Feng , Xie Xiao‐Bi , He Xi , Zhang Lei , Yao Zhen‐Xing
Published: March 2023

The Anatolian Plateau, currently experiencing rapid uplift and westward escape, records both the termination of oceanic subduction and the conversion to continental collision. The crustal response to the transition of the subduction environment from eastern to western Anatolia can be inferred by the seismic velocity and attenuation structures. With this study, we construct a broadband Lg‐wave attenuation model for the Anatolian Plateau and use it to constrain lateral crust heterogeneities linked to this transition. Crustal Lg attenuation links late Cenozoic magmatism with asthenospheric upwelling by characterizing the lithospheric thermal structure. The widely distributed strong attenuation observed in eastern Anatolia may be related to the crustal partial melting due to mantle upwelling after the delamination and subsequent break‐off of the Bitlis slab. Lithospheric dripping in central Anatolia likely facilitates the mantle flows through the window between the Cyprus and Aegean slabs, which results in the piecemeal low anomaly in central Anatolia.
METTL3 enhances pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression and gemcitabine resistance through modifying DDX23 mRNA N6 adenosine methylation
Authors: Lin Chengjie , Li Ting , Wang Yan , Lai Shihui , Huang Yue , Guo Zhenyun , Zhang Xiang , Weng Shangeng
Published: March 2023

The aim of the present study was to clarify the mechanism of how METTL3 regulated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression by m6A modification of its downstream target mRNA and signaling pathway. Immunoblotting and qRT-PCR assays was employed to determine the expression levels of METTL3. In situ fluorescence hybridization was conducted to localize the cellular distribution of METTL3 and DEAD-box helicase 23 (DDX23). CCK8, colony formation, EDU incorporation, TUNEL, wound healing and Transwell assays were carried out accordingly to study the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and mobility of cells under different treatments in vitro. Xenograft and animal lung metastasis experiments were also conducted to study the functional role of METTL3 or DDX23 on tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. MeRIP-qPCR and bioinformatical analyses were used to obtain the potential direct targets of METTL3. It was shown that m6A methyltransferase METTL3 was upregulated in PDAC tissues with gemcitabine resistance, and its knockdown sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to chemotherapy. Furthermore, silencing METTL3 remarkably reduced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, validation experiments confirmed thatDDX23mRNA was a direct target of METTL3 in YTHDF1-dependent manner. Additionally, DDX23 silence resulted in the suppression of pancreatic cancer cell malignancy and PIAK/Akt signaling inactivation. Strikingly, rescuse experiments demonstrated the inhibitive effects of METTL3 silence on cell phenotypes and gemcitabine resistance were partially reversed by forcibly expressed DDX23. In summary, METTL3 promotes PDAC progression and gemcitabine resistance by modifying DDX23 mRNA m6A methylation and enhancing PI3K/Akt signaling activation. Our findings establish a potential tumor promotive and chemo-resistant role for METTL3/DDX23 axis in PDAC.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Zhu Chengjun , Zhu Jiaxi , Wang Lei , Xiong Shizheng , Zou Yijian , Huang Jing , Xie Huimin , Zhang Wenye , Wu Huiqun , Liu Yun
Published: March 2023

To establish a risk prediction model and make individualized assessment for the susceptible diabetic retinopathy (DR) population in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients. According to the retrieval strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, the relevant meta-analyses on DR risk factors were searched and evaluated. The pooled odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) of each risk factor was obtained and calculated for β coefficients using logistic regression (LR) model. Besides, an electronic patient-reported outcome questionnaire was developed and 60 cases of DR and non-DR T2DM patients were investigated to validate the developed model. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to verify the prediction accuracy of the model. After retrieving, eight meta-analyses with a total of 15,654 cases and 12 risk factors associated with the onset of DR in T2DM, including weight loss surgery, myopia, lipid-lowing drugs, intensive glucose control, course of T2DM, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, hypertension, gender, insulin treatment, residence, and smoking were included for LR modeling. These factors, followed by the respective β coefficient was bariatric surgery (− 0.942), myopia (− 0.357), lipid-lowering drug follow-up < 3y (− 0.994), lipid-lowering drug follow-up > 3y (− 0.223), course of T2DM (0.174), HbA1c (0.372), fasting plasma glucose (0.223), insulin therapy (0.688), rural residence (0.199), smoking (− 0.083), hypertension (0.405), male (0.548), intensive glycemic control (− 0.400) with constant term α (− 0.949) in the constructed model. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the model in the external validation was 0.912. An application was presented as an example of use. In conclusion, the risk prediction model of DR is developed, which makes individualized assessment for the susceptible DR population feasible and needs to be further verified with large sample size application.
Effect of adding nano-materials on the properties of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) edible films
Authors: Khater El-Sayed , Bahnasawy Adel , Gabal Basma Abu , Abbas Wael , Morsy Osama
Published: March 2023

The bio-composite films based on Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) reinforced with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) were developed. Some physical and mechanical properties: Tensile strength (TS), elongation (E), Young’s elastic modulus (EM), water vapor permeability (WVP) and transparency were determined. Antibacterial properties of these films were also studied. The tensile strength values of HPMC film reinforced with Ag NPs and TiO2-NPs and HPMC without nanoparticles were 39.24, 143.87 and 157.92 MPa, respectively. Elongation of the HMPC film was less than the HPMC film reinforced with AgNPs and TiO2-NPs, the results were 2, 35 and 42%, respectively. Additionally, Young’s elastic modulus of HMPC film was determined to be 19.62 MPa and the HPMC film reinforced with AgNPs and TiO2-NPs were 4.11 and 3.76 MPa, respectively. The values of WVP of HMPC film was higher than the HMPC film reinforced with AgNPs and TiO2-NPs, where they were 0.5076 × 10−3, 0.4596 × 10−3and 0.4504 × 10−3(g/msPa), respectively. Nano-composite films demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against tested pathogen bacteria in the contact surface zone. The antibacterial activites of AgNPs (~ 10 nm) at 80 ppm were more active than 20 and 40 ppm against foodborne pathogen i.e.Bacillus cereusandEscherichia coli, the inhibition zone diameters were 9 and 10 mm, respectively. As well, TiO2-NPs (~ 50 nm) at 80 ppm were more active than 20 and 40 ppm againstB. cereusandSalmonella Typhimurium, the inhibition zone diameters were11 and 10 mm, respectively.
Localised strain and doping of 2D materials
Authors: Lee Frank , Tripathi Manoj , Sanchez Salas Roque , Ogilvie Sean P. , Amorim Graf Aline , Jurewicz Izabela , Dalton Alan B.
Published: March 2023

There is a growing interest in 2D materials-based devices as the replacement for established materials, such as silicon and metal oxides in microelectronics and sensing, respectively.
Retraction: The role of Sox9 in collagen hydrogel-mediated chondrogenic differentiation of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
Authors: Jiang Xianfang , Huang Xianyuan , Jiang Tongmeng , Zheng Li , Zhao Jinmin , Zhang Xingdong
Published: March 2023

Retraction of ‘The role of Sox9 in collagen hydrogel-mediated chondrogenic differentiation of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)’ by Xianfang Jiang et al., Biomater. Sci., 2018, 6, 1556–1568, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8BM00317C.
Electrochemical sensing of NADH using 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate salt functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Gurusamy Tamilselvi , Rajaram Rajendran , Kandregula Ganapathi Rao , Ramanujam Kothandaraman
Published: March 2023

In this work, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are functionalized using 4-nitrobenzenediazonium (NBD) salt, which is identified as an effective electrocatalyst for the detection of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
Syntheses and fluorescence properties of lanthanide isostructural complexes derived from aspartic acid
Authors: Zhang Yatong , Wang Ai , Feng Sisi , Yuan Caixia , Lu Liping
Published: March 2023

Complex 6 sensor can detect Cr(vi) and TCs in aqueous solution with fluorescence detection and visual colorimetry.
Effect of methoxy substituents on fluorescent Zn2+/Cd2+ selectivity of bisquinoline derivatives with a N,N′-dimethylalkanediamine skeleton
Authors: Mikata Yuji , Tanaka Marin , Yasuda Saori , Tsuruta Aya , Hagiwara Taeka , Konno Hideo , Matsuo Takashi
Published: March 2023

Introduction of three methoxy groups at 5-, 6- and 7-positions of quinoline rings of BQDMEN (N,N′-bis(2-quinolylmethyl)-N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine) affords Cd2+-selective fluorescence enhancement.
Group-10 π-hole⋯dz2[MII] interactions: a theoretical study of model systems inspired by CSD structures
Authors: Calabrese Miriam , Burguera Sergi , Resnati Giuseppe , Frontera Antonio
Published: March 2023

This research article evidences the importance of group-10 π-hole⋯dz2[MII] interactions using a combination of DFT calculations and CSD structures.
Linker permethylation as a means to foster valence tautomerism and thwart dimerization in ferrocenyl-triarylmethylium cations
Authors: Nau Moritz , Casper Larissa A. , Haug Gernot , Linseis Michael , Demeshko Serhiy , Winter Rainer F.
Published: March 2023

Permethylation of the phenylene linker in a cationic ferrocenyl-phenylthioxanthylium dyad increases the amount of the diradical ferrocenium thioxanthyl radical valence tautomer and aids in supressing its dimerization.
Probing the sublimation kinetics of Ag, Ag@TiO2, and Ag@C nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Hao-Chin , Hsiao Kai-Yuan , Tseng Yu-Han , Chen Yan-De , Lu Ming-Yen
Published: March 2023

We used an in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the sublimation-induced morphological changes of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag-based core–shell structures.
Correction: An asymmetric metal-templated route to amino acids with an isoquinolone core via a Rh(iii)-catalyzed coupling of aryl hydroxamates with chiral propargylglycine Ni(ii) complexes
Authors: Arsenov Mikhail A. , Stoletova Nadezhda V. , Savel'yeva Tat'yana F. , Smol'yakov Alexander F. , Maleev Victor I. , Loginov Dmitry A. , Larionov Vladimir A.
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘An asymmetric metal-templated route to amino acids with an isoquinolone core via a Rh(iii)-catalyzed coupling of aryl hydroxamates with chiral propargylglycine Ni(ii) complexes’ by Mikhail A. Arsenov et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2022, 20, 9385–9391, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2OB01970A.
Retraction: Electrodeposition of a porous strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite/zinc oxide duplex layer on AZ91 magnesium alloy for orthopedic applications
Authors: Gopi D. , Murugan N. , Ramya S. , Kavitha L.
Published: March 2023

Retraction of ‘Electrodeposition of a porous strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite/zinc oxide duplex layer on AZ91 magnesium alloy for orthopedic applications’ by D. Gopi et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2014, 2, 5531–5540, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TB00960F.
High‐angular‐ and range‐resolution imaging using MIMO sonar with two‐dimensional deconvolution
Authors: Liu Xionghou , Yang Yixin , Sun Chao , Zhuo Jie , Wang Yiwei , Zhai Qingyue
Published: March 2023

A real‐aperture high‐resolution imaging method utilising a multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) sonar with two‐dimensional (2‐D) deconvolution processing is proposed. Via derivation, the authors show that the conventional beamformer (CBF) output of the MIMO sonar can be approximately expressed as the 2‐D convolution between the original angular and range distributions of scatterers and a 2‐D point spread function (PSF). Hence, to improve the imaging performance degraded by the convolution effect, the 2‐D Richardson‐Lucy (R‐L) algorithm is used to deconvolve the CBF output of the MIMO sonar. Specifically, the authors give the iteration formula of the 2‐D R‐L algorithm attached to the MIMO sonar, and take the absolute values of the CBF outputs of the virtual array as the deconvolution inputs. The analytical expression of the 2‐D PSF is also given, which is designed as the angular‐ and range‐domain (amplitude) responses of a far‐field ideal scatterer located in the normal direction of the virtual array. Meanwhile, the authors point out that the mismatch made by the approximation may degrade the imaging performance, and suggest that a small number of iterations in the 2‐D R‐L algorithm can be used to alleviate the mismatch problem. Via numerical simulations and a tank experiment, the authors show that the proposed method can simultaneously increase the angular and range resolutions and suppress the sidelobes, when compared to the existing MIMO sonar imaging method.
Schwerpunkt ist immer das persönliche Wachstum
Authors: Mattenklotz Joergen
Published: March 2023

Erinnern Sie sich noch an Ihre Anfänge in der Psychiatrie? Wir haben psychiatrisch Pflegende gefragt, wie der erste Kontakt mit dem Team und den Patienten war, was sie am meisten interessiert, berührt oder auch befremdet hat und wo sie ihre Aufgaben sehen. Dieses Mal berichtet ein Pflegender, der vor 34 Jahren seine pflegerische Laufbahn startete.
Gut gedacht = gut gemacht?
Authors: Lukuc Sarah , Roßius Sabrina
Published: March 2023

Die Regierungskommission macht umfangreiche Vorschläge, um Änderungen im System anzustoßen und eine Verbesserung der Patientenversorgung, der Arbeitssituation und der Finanzierung zu erreichen. Unsere Autorinnen haben sich intensiv mit den geplanten Neuerungen beschäftigt und ziehen ein insgesamt positives Resümee. Lesen Sie im Artikel mehr dazu und warum die Pflege durch die Reform aufgewertet werden könnte.
Micro Computed Tomography and Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Dental Implant Osseointegration in Animal Experimental Model: A Scoping Review
Authors: Putri Annisa , Pramanik Farina , Azhari Azhari
Published: March 2023

Osseointegration is a complex process that involves the interaction of dental implants, bone, and the immune system. Preclinical testing was carried out to develop a better understanding of the mechanism. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging techniques and immunohistochemistry are excellent tools for this objective as both enable quantitative assessment of bone microarchitecture and intercellular interaction. An extensive literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online, Proquest and Ebscohost from January 2011 to January 2021. Among the publications retrieved, the rat model was the most frequently used experimental protocol, with the tibia being the most frequently implanted site. The region of interest demonstrates a high degree of homogeneity as measured by trabecula but varies in size and shape. The most frequently mentioned micro-CT bone parameter and immunohistochemistry bone markers were bone volume per total volume (BV/TV) and runt-related transcription factors (RUNX). Animal models, micro-CT analysis methods, and immunohistochemistry biomarkers yielded a variety of results in the studies. Understanding bone architecture and the remodeling process will aid in the selection of a viable model for a specific research topic.
Population anxieties in constituting Nordic welfare state futures: affective biopolitics in the age of environmental crises
Authors: Homanen Riikka , Meskus Mianna
Published: March 2023

Declining fertility rates across world have generated deep concern among different stakeholders. In 2019, Finland’s fertility rate was at an ‘ultra-low’ 1.35 children per woman. Investigating the affective work of policymaking on population issues—‘population anxieties’—in a Nordic welfare state, this article constructs a genealogy of the affective biopolitics of populations in Finland. Drawing from a corpus of historical and recent materials, the article explores how population policy has invited and harnessed emotional orientation towards certain collective futures, while being disclosive of others. The analysis focuses on the issues of ‘fertility decline’ and ‘the environment’, and the reconfigurations of the population–environment nexus over the past decades. The article argues that persistent concerns about depopulation through ultra-low fertility underlie the affective stakes of Nordic biopolitics. Meanwhile, there is evident resistance to connecting population policy concerns with the climate crisis in the Nordic context. While in the so-called developing countries, demographic and ecological futures are seen mutually constitutive, the connection is not perceived as relevant to the Finnish welfare state. This is so despite Finland belonging to the affluent part of the world that is the largest producer of carbon dioxide emissions.
Entanglement islands, fire walls and state paradox from quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping
Authors: Wang Xuanhua , Zhang Kun , Wang Jin
Published: March 2023

Recent discovery of the fine-grained entropy formula in gravity succeeded in reconstructing the Page curves that are compatible with unitary evolution. The formula of generalized entropy derived from the gravitational path integration, nevertheless, does not provide a concrete insight on how information comes out from a black hole. In this paper, we start from a qubit model and provide a quantum informational interpretation of entanglement islands. We propose an identification of entanglement islands with quantum measurements and remark on the parallel between the black hole information problem and the old problem of quantum measurements. We show that the Page curve can still be realized even if information is lost so that the information paradox can be explained as one manifestation of measurement problem. We show that such interpretation is necessary for a quantum informational model if smooth horizons and bulk reconstruction are assumed, and demonstrate explicitly that Page curves of solvable 2D gravity can be obtained through teleportation and entanglement swapping. We argue that the similarities between the black hole information problem and the measurement problem suggest links in the origins of the two problems.
Dynamic modeling with quantifying dissipated power density and experimental validation of dielectric elastomer actuators
Authors: Zhao Yunhua , Wen Li
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a dynamic electromechanical model for dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) with dissipative processes. Dielectric loss of elastomers, resistance of electrodes, actuator geometry, elastomer viscoelasticity and nonlinear electromechanical coupling are considered, and a new visco-hyperelastic constitutive model with frequency-dependent parameters is developed for large-strain elastomers. The dynamic responses of DEAs at different driving frequencies are experimentally measured and comprehensively compared with those predicted results. The relative errors over the time period of 0–50 s at 5 and 7 Hz are respectively 3.6% and 3.4%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the model. The proposed dynamic model can not only predict the frequency response of DEAs but also characterize the creep and hysteresis behavior with reasonable accuracy. The power density dissipated during dielectric elastomer actuation is calculated and analyzed. The results suggest that selecting low-resistance electrodes and elastomers with short dielectric relaxation time and low viscous loss is a feasible way to achieve high energy conversion efficiency for DEAs. This work can be helpful for the design and control of DEAs, paving the way for their practical applications.
Development of electromagnetic pellet injector for disruption mitigation of tokamak plasma
Authors: Li Feng , Chen Zhong-Yong , Xia Sheng-Guo , Yan Wei , Zhang Wei-Kang , Tang Jun-Hui , Li You , Zhong Yu , Fang Jian-Gang , Liu Fan-Xi , Zou Gui-Nan , Yu Yin-Long , Nie Zi-Sen , Jiang Zhong-He , Wang Neng-Chao , Ding Yong-Hua , Pan Yuan
Published: March 2023

Disruption remains to be a serious threat to large tokamaks like the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The injection speed of disruption mitigation systems (DMS) driven by high pressure gas is limited by the sound speed of the propellant gas. When extrapolating to ITER-like tokamaks, long overall reaction duration and shallow penetration depth due to low injection speed make it stricter for plasma control system to predict the impending disruptions. Some disruptions with a short warning time may be unavoidable. Thus, a fast time response and high injection speed DMS is essential for large scale devices. The electromagnetic pellet-injection (EMPI) system is a novel massive material injection system aiming to provide rapid and effective disruption mitigation. Based on the railgun concept, EMPI can accelerate the payload to over 1000 m/s and shorten the overall reaction time to a few milliseconds. To verify the injection ability and stability of the EMPI, the prototype injector EMPI-1 has been designed and assembled. The preliminary test has been carried out using a 5.9 g armature to propel a dummy pellet and the results suggest that the EMPI configuration has a great potential to be the DMS of the large scale fusion devices.
Disruption prediction based on fusion feature extractor on J-TEXT
Authors: Zheng Wei , Xue Fengming , Chen Zhongyong , Shen Chengshuo , Ai Xinkun , Zhong Yu , Wang Nengchao , Zhang Ming , Ding Yonghua , Chen Zhipeng , Yang Zhoujun , Pan Yuan
Published: March 2023

Predicting disruptions across different tokamaks is necessary for next generation device. Future large-scale tokamaks can hardly tolerate disruptions at high performance discharge, which makes it difficult for current data-driven methods to obtain an acceptable result. A machine learning method capable of transferring a disruption prediction model trained on one tokamak to another is required to solve the problem. The key is a feature extractor which is able to extract common disruption precursor traces in tokamak diagnostic data, and can be easily transferred to other tokamaks. Based on the concerns above, this paper presents a deep feature extractor, namely, the fusion feature extractor (FFE), which is designed specifically for extracting disruption precursor features from common diagnostics on tokamaks. Furthermore, an FFE-based disruption predictor on J-TEXT is demonstrated. The feature extractor is aimed to extracting disruption-related precursors and is designed according to the precursors of disruption and their representations in common tokamak diagnostics. Strong inductive bias on tokamak diagnostics data is introduced. The paper presents the evolution of the neural network feature extractor and its comparison against general deep neural networks, as well as a physics-based feature extraction with a traditional machine learning method. Results demonstrate that the FFE may reach a similar effect with physics-guided manual feature extraction, and obtain a better result compared with other deep learning methods.
Shadow thermodynamics of AdS black hole with the nonlinear electrodynamics term
Authors: Zheng He-Bin , Mou Ping-Hui , Chen Yun-Xian , Li Guo-Ping
Published: March 2023

We creatively employ the shadow radius to study the thermodynamics of a charged AdS black hole with a nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) term. First, the connection between the shadow radius and event horizon is constructed with the aid of the geodesic analysis. It turns out that the black hole shadow radius shows a positive correlation as a function of the event horizon radius. Then in the shadow context, we find that the black hole temperature and heat capacity can be presented by the shadow radius. Further analysis shows that the shadow radius can work similarly to the event horizon in revealing black hole phase transition process. In this sense, we construct the thermal profile of the charged AdS black hole with inclusion of the NLED effect. In the P < P
c case, it is found that the N-type trend of the temperature given by the shadow radius is always consistent with that obtained by using the event horizon. Thus, we can conclude for the charged AdS black hole that the phase transition process can be intuitively presented as the thermal profile in the shadow context. Finally, the effects of NLED are carefully analyzed.
Effect of spin-reorientation transition of cell boundary phases on the temperature dependence of magnetization and coercivity in Sm2Co17 magnets
Authors: Tu 涂 Si-Si 思思 , Liu 刘 Lei 雷 , Zhou 周 Bo 波 , Dong 董 Chuang-Hui 创辉 , Ye 叶 Li-Ming 力铭 , Sun 孙 Ying-Li 颖莉 , Ding 丁 Yong 勇 , Yan 闫 A-Ru 阿儒 , Mao 毛 Xin-Biao 信表
Published: March 2023

Four Sm2Co17 magnets with spin-reorientation transition (SRT) of cell boundary phases (CBPs) are prepared by liquid-phase sintering. The temperature of the SRT of CBPs (

T

SR

1
:
5

) is regulated from 125 K to 195 K by adding 0 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 6 wt.% and 9 wt.% Dy88Cu12 alloy powder. The effect of SRT of Sm2Co17 magnet CBPs on the temperature dependence of the magnetization (M–T) and coercivity (H–T) is systematically investigated. The temperature dependence of the magnetization is influenced by the SRT of CBPs. The M–T curves measured during the heating process are larger than those measured during the cooling process when

T
<

T

SR

1
:
5

. When

T
=

T

SR

1
:
5

there is a bifurcation point. When

T
>

T

SR

1
:
5

the M–T curves overlap and the M–T derivation curve shows that the magnetization of the magnet has low temperature dependence of magnetization above

T

SR

1
:
5

. With increasing

T

SR

1
:
5

, the initial temperature of the low temperature dependence of magnetization shifts towards a higher temperature. The coercivity temperature coefficient becomes positive as the SRT effect increases, and the temperature range of the positive coercivity temperature coefficient moves towards higher temperatures as

T

SR

1
:
5

increases. This reveals that SRT of CBPs has little effect on the temperature dependence of magnetization above

T

SR

1
:
5

, while the temperature dependence of coercivity is optimized. The temperature range of magnetization and coercivity with low temperature dependence tends towards higher temperatures, which is conducive to the preparation of magnets with a low temperature coefficient at higher temperatures.