bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Acid Rock Drainage Based on Geochemical Characterisation of Waste Rock Material, Study Case: Gold Mining With High Sulfidation Ephithermal (HS) Deposits
Authors: Fakhrur Razi  , Titah Harmin S.
Published: December 2024

Acid rock drainage (ARD) or Acid mine drainage (AMD) is significant challenge for the global gold mining industry, necessitating specialized treatment to prevent its occurrence. Rambajoring is deposits located at the North Sumatra Martabe gold mine, the mine is an epithermal deposit of a high sulfidation system. A crucial step in management of AMD is identifying rocks that potentially produced acid water or not if contact with water and oxygen. Static testing provides an indication of the potential acidity that can be generated by rock samples based on their composition. These rocks are classified into Potentially Acid Forming (PAF) or Non-Acid Forming (NAF). Laboratory analyses including Acid Base Accounting (ABA), Net Acid Generating (NAG) Test, and paste pH, identified all lithology with uncertain category. This uncertainty occurs impact of presence of significant non-pyritic or non-acid forming sulfide sulphur mineral in this case of Alunite (KAl3SO2OH6) minerals. Containing these minerals will result in erroneously high estimations of total sulphur (S) and increasing the calculated of NAPP. Long term implication non-pyritic sulfide may oxidize slowly, leading to delayed acid generation not reflected in static NAPP calculation. Supplementary test to validation static test result and analysis geochemical behaviour of rocks using kinetic testing with Field Column Leach Test (FCLT) method. FDCLT test confirm in eight months period monitoring, all lithology have a lag time before significant acidity is produced and classified as PAF rocks. The leaching properties of material had highest concentrations of iron (Fe), cooper (Cu) and zinc (Zn).
 
Keyword : AMD, ABA, Geochemical Characteristics, NAF, PAF, Kinetic Test, Static Test
MANIPULATION TECHNOLOGIES IN SMARTPHONE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Galaganova S.G. , Manannikova D.A.
Published: December 2024

The statistic survey, presented in the article, elicits fast and wide spreading of smartphone applications, as well as the amount of users and spent time. The questionnaire, used in the university student audience, confirms high level of gadget addiction among young people. Smartphone applications are considered to be a sphere of mental manipulation, aimed at consumer habit building as a nearest goal and at steady addiction building as a final one. Reinforced by case studies, the process is described as a practical realization of B.F. Skinner's radical behaviorism. The further exploration of mobile apps using as a habitual behavior is based on R. Hover's hook pattern and on B.J. Fogg's idea of behavioral design. The smartphone applications addiction is assumed to be a kind of respondent behavior and analyzed as a consequence of previous individual responces, reinforced one by one. Manipulation know-hows and techs are also widely demonstrated in the article. The final conclusion attributes smartphone applications as a latent challenge to human mental health.

Представленный в работе обзор мировой и российской статистики свидетельствует о стремительном росте как количества пользователей мобильными приложениями к смартфонам, так и затрачиваемого на это личного времени. Результаты проведённого авторами локального социологического опроса студенческой аудитории ещё раз подтвердили вывод многих учёных о распространении гаджетозависимости в молодёжной среде. Мобильные приложения рассмотрены в статье в качестве одной из сфер активного применения манипулятивных технологий. Непосредственной целью манипулятивного воздействия является формирование соответствующей потребительской привычки, конечной целью – формирование устойчивой психологической зависимости. Подкреплённый конкретными примерами, данный процесс представлен как практическая реализация идей радикального бихевиоризма Б.Ф. Скиннера и описан на основе «крючковой» модели привыкания Р. Хувера и модели бихевиорального дизайна Б.Дж. Фогга. Психологическая зависимость пользователя от мобильных приложений проанализирована в качестве разновидности респондентного поведения, возникающего в результате неоднократного закрепления цепочки предыдущих реакций. В статье подробно рассмотрены применяемые при этом манипулятивные приёмы и технологии. Авторы делают вывод, что мобильные приложения к смартфонам несут в себе потенциальную угрозу для человеческой психики.
IMAGE OF THE FUTURE IN CAREER PLANNING BY YOUNG EMPLOYEES
Authors: Seryakova S.B. , Zvonova E.V. , Antonova U.A.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a study of factors affecting the career planning process by young employees, which are readiness for professional activity and the image of the future. Under the readiness for professional activity is understood the total psychological neoplasm, consisting in the orientation and ability of the subject to perform selected professional activities in accordance with regulatory requirements. The formation of readiness is greatly affected by the idea of the success of a professional. The image of a professional future is considered as the result of building a generalized plan with the active inclusion of a specialist in the system of results of professional activity that are significant for the subject. An empirical study is described, the results of which are studied using statistical analysis. Statistical analysis confirmed the hypothesis. The image of a positive future has the greatest correlation with other identified factors.

В статье представлены результаты исследования факторов, оказывающих воздействие на процесс планирования карьеры молодыми сотрудниками, в качестве которых выступают готовность к профессиональной деятельности и образ будущего. Под готовностью к профессиональной деятельности понимается совокупное психологическое новообразование, состоящее в направленности и способности субъекта выполнять избранную профессиональную деятельность в соответствии с нормативными требованиями. На становление готовности большое воздействие оказывает представление об успешности профессионала. Образ профессионального будущего рассматривается как результат построения обобщенного плана с активным включением специалиста в систему значимых для субъекта результатов профессиональной деятельности. Представлено описание эмпирического исследования, результаты которого изучены с помощью статистического анализа. Образ позитивного будущего имеет наибольшие корреляционные связи с другими выявленными факторами.
PERSONAL FEATURES OF INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURS WITH VARIOUS EXPERIENCE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Mikhailova O.B. , Glazunova V.E.
Published: December 2024

The content of the article is presented by a theoretical and empirical analysis of entrepreneurial activity and personal qualities of modern entrepreneurs. Based on a theoretical analysis, the main directions of the study of the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs are considered, approaches are formulated to justify the characteristics and basic qualities of modern entrepreneurs. The purpose of the empirical study described in the article is to show enterprise, risk appetite, moral and ethical responsibility and innovativeness as personal characteristics of entrepreneurs with different experience in economic activity in small business. The article put forward a number of hypotheses about the differences and specifics of the manifestations of personal characteristics among entrepreneurs in groups with different experience in economic activity. As a result of an empirical study using a reasonably selected series of techniques on a sample of 82 respondents with different lengths of work, the alleged differences in the personal qualities of entrepreneurs with different experience were identified. The factor analysis outlined in this paper clearly illustrated the structural components of the personal characteristics of modern individual entrepreneurs with different experience. The results will allow us to develop psychocorrectional programs to support and develop entrepreneurial activity.

Содержание статьи представлено теоретическим и эмпирическим анализом предпринимательской деятельности и личностных качеств современных предпринимателей. На основании теоретического анализа рассмотрены основные направления исследования личностных особенностей предпринимателей, сформулированы подходы к обоснованию характеристик и основных качеств современных предпринимателей. Цель изложенного в статье эмпирического исследования заключается в проявлении предприимчивости, готовности к риску, морально-этической ответственности и инновационности как личностных особенностей предпринимателей с разным опытом экономической деятельности в малом бизнесе. В статье был выдвинут ряд гипотез о различиях и специфике проявлений личностных особенностей у предпринимателей в группах с разным опытом экономической деятельности. В результате эмпирического исследования с использованием обоснованно выбранного ряда методик на выборке 82 респондентов с разным стажем деятельности были выявлены предполагаемые различия в личностных качествах предпринимателей с разным опытом деятельности. Факторный анализ, изложенный в данной работе, наглядно проиллюстрировал структурные компоненты личностных характеристик современных индивидуальных предпринимателей с разным опытом деятельности. Полученные результаты позволят разработать психокоррекционные программы по сопровождению и развитию предпринимательской деятельности.
VALUABLE ORIENTATIONS OF STUDENTS AS A PREDICTOR OF THEIR SELF-EFFICIENCY AND RESISTANCE
Authors: Galoy N.YU. , Likhacheva E.V. , Nikolaeva L.P. , Ognev A.S.
Published: December 2024

Растущий запрос общества на оказание психологической поддержки и помощи молодым людям, только осваивающим профессию, порождает многочисленные исследования проблем психологической безопасности личности, а именно, отклоняющихся форм её жизнедеятельности. Под жизнедеятельностью мы понимаем процесс становления и развития человека в конкретных социально-экономических условиях и под влиянием выполняемой им деятельности. Эффективность жизнедеятельности студентов, будущих педагогов, мы исследуем с помощью таких взаимосвязанных психологических феноменов, как ценностные ориентации, самоэффективность и жизнестойкость. В обследовании приняло участие 104 студента третьего курса Института Иностранных языков Московского педагогического государственного университета, среди них 11 юношей и 93 девушки. По итогам анализа данных с помощью статистического пакета STADIA 8.0, проведения факторного анализа методом варимакс-вращения, были выявлены следующие тенденции. Во-первых, респонденты демонстрируют в целом нормативный уровень самоэффективности и жизнестойкости. При этом несколько заниженный уровень самоэффективности в межличностных отношениях, согласуется с заниженными показателями компонента жизнестойкости – Вовлечённость. Во-вторых, отмечается явная тенденция противопоставления ценностей личной жизни и профессиональной самореализации и эта дуальность выражается не только на уровне терминальных и инструментальных ценностей, но и подтверждается факторным анализом. В-третьих, приоритет терминальных ценностей личной жизни и инструментальных ценностей самоконтроля, широты интересов, ответственности в целом соотносятся с высокими показателями самоэффективности и жизнестойкости в пределах нашей выборки.
COMPLICATIONS OF A FLEXIBLE URS
Authors: Khanaliev B. V. , Ivanov A. V.
Published: December 2024

Flexible ureterorenoscopy (URS) is the surgery of choice in the treatment of patients with nephrolithiasis. Currently, this technique is successfully used in the treatment of patients with stones not only less than 2 cm, but also in some cases more than 2 cm, with any localization in the kidney with a high frequency of complete stone removal, significantly reducing the time spent in the hospital. However, despite the high manufacturability and safety, flexible URS has its possible complications, which are considered in this literature review.
TRANSCRANIAL ELECTRIC PULSE THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN SYNDROME
Authors: Kraynyukov P. E. , Kim E. A. , Gudantov R. B. , Meznikova A. V. , Borisova A. V. , Zykova V. A.
Published: December 2024

Rationale: chronic pain syndrome in patients with combined mine-explosive injuries, traumatic limb amputations, extensive burns, etc., is currently especially relevant. The presented analysis of modern literature data on electrophysiotherapy of chronic pain in this category of patients.Objective: to study the literature data and conduct a comparative analysis of the currently used methods of transcranial electrophysiotherapy of pain syndrome, which will improve the results of treatment of patients with chronic pain syndrome.Materials and methods: the analysis of articles, reviews, and studies in the modern scientific medical literature on the voiced problem is carried out. The collection of materials was carried out in the electronic libraries of the kirov university, the first sechenov Moscow state medical university, articles from information resources were used: ncbi, pcm; springer; elsevier, embase, web of science and psychinfo, elibrary, etc.Results: a wide variety of transcranial electrophysiotherapy methods used in clinical practice in the treatment of chronic pain syndrome has been revealed in the literature. The methods are systematized based on: the nature of the intervention (invasive, non-invasive), the parameters of the electric current (direct, alternating, continuous or pulsed).Conclusion: methods of noninvasive transcranial electrophysiotherapy may be more effective and preferable for the treatment of chronic pain syndrome compared to other methods for a number of reasons: noninvasiveness, safety, simplicity, pain reduction due to regulation of neuroplasticity, regulation of emotional state.
PROBLEMS OF LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF FERRUM DEFICIENCY IN CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY: A THERAPIST’S VIEW
Authors: Demyanenko N. Yu. , Kachnov V. A. , Polyakov A. S. , Maksim O. V. , Ignatenko M. N. , Shapovalov D. S.
Published: December 2024

The widespread of ferrum deficiency in the population of age-related patients significantly worsens the distance prognosis of major cardiovascular diseases and requires timely diagnosis and correction. The currently accepted routine approach to the diagnosis of latent and apparent ferrum deficiency does not correlate with tissue metabolic changes in cardiomyocytes and needs to be revised. The process of the aggravating effect of anemic syndrome on the course of somatic pathology, including at the tissue level, continue to be actively researched.Many experimental researches have confirmed that in order to verify ferrum deficiency in cardiomyocytes, in addition to ferritin and ferrum levels in blood serum, it is necessary to calculate the transferrin saturation coefficient with ferrum, assess the level of soluble transferrin receptors and determine the level of hepcidin.
MODERN ASPECTS OF ORGANIZING RESPIRATORY THERAPY AT HOME
Authors: Perepelitsa S. A.
Published: December 2024

Rationale: Chronic respiratory failure is becoming an increasingly serious problem for patients with incurable diseases, the progression of which dictates the need for respiratory therapy. Many specialists face the problem of identifying early symptoms of respiratory failure progression, diagnosing its degree, prescribing respiratory therapy and organizing continuous monitoring of vital functions at home. Both infants and adults of various age groups need such treatment. The list of diseases that require respiratory therapy for a long time or for life is quite large. In young children, this may include bronchopulmonary dysplasia, consequences of hypoxic-hemorrhagic damage to brain structures, congenital malformations and genetic diseases. At an older age, neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases may manifest, as well as other problems associated with the severe course of acute neuroinfections and hypoxic-traumatic damage to the central nervous system, oncological diseases, consequences of acute cerebrovascular accident, injuries, critical blood loss, cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The most promising method is non-invasive ventilation of the lungs, which allows achieving the set therapeutic goals and reducing the frequency of complications. The appointment of this type of treatment requires a different approach to these patients. The doctor should daily assess the patient’s condition, the degree of synchronization with the device, the presence of signs of obstruction of the upper respiratory tract and air leakage. Continuous telemonitoring of body functions is important for such patients. The article discusses the organization of respiratory therapy, options for its use in patients with various diseases.
A COMPARISON OF FIXATION METHODS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ADOLESCENT ANKLE SYNDESMOTIC INJURIES WITH CLOSED GROWTH PLATE
Authors: Agafonova A. A. , Dorokhin A. I. , Salmanhanov A. A. , Khudik V. I. , Karpovich N. I. , Airapetov G. A. , Dzhodzhua A. V. , Malchevskiy V. A.
Published: December 2024

Rationale: Ankle injuries involving the tibiofibular syndesmosis often require surgical treatment and selection of the optimal fixation method to restore joint stability. Recent studies in adults have shown that tibiofibular fixation using the TightRope syndesmosis system results in a better functional outcome than screw fixation [1; 2]. There is little evidence to support the preferred design in children and adolescents [3]. This study reviewed the surgical outcomes of two different tibiofibular fixation techniques for ankle syndesmosis injuries in adolescents.Objective: To compare two methods of fixation of the tibiofibular syndesmosis in adolescents to improve treatment outcomes.Methods: A prospective study of patients with a closed growth plate was performed. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 17 years, the total number of children was 62 people. This cohort of patients was divided into two groups: the main and the control. In the main group, the tibiofibular syndesmosis was fixed using the TightRope system, in the control group, the tibiofibular fixation was performed using a 3.5 mm cortical screw. To assess the recovery of the ankle and foot function, the international FAAM scale (adl subscale) was used at 8–10 weeks and 6 months from the injury. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with the calculation of Student’s t-test at a significance level of p≤0.05.Results: In the main group, the number of excellent results increased by 9.8% compared to the control group at 10-12 weeks, and satisfactory results by 51.3% at p≤0.05 at 10–12 weeks based on statistical analysis of the results of ankle and foot function recovery according to the FAAM scale (adl subscale). The number of excellent and good results increased by 7.2% six months after the injury.Conclusions: The use of the TightRope system allowed for earlier loading of the limb, which led to a significant improvement in ankle and foot function at all stages of recovery.
FEATURES OF REHABILITATIVE TREATMENT OF ELDERLY PATIENTS AFTER FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR: ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND APPROACHES
Authors: Mushriqi G. A.-R. M. , Akhtyamov I. F. , Gubkina E. M.
Published: December 2024

Backgraund: Proximal femur fractures are a serious medical problem, especially among elderly patients.Aims: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of various rehabilitative treatments among elderly patients with proximal femur fractures.Materials and methods: The research was conducted between 2022 and 2023 at the state autonomous healthcare institution “City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov” (Kazan, Russia). The study included 150 patients randomised to four groups. Group 1: patients after osteosynthesis with restorative treatment (n = 37), Group 2: patients after osteosynthesis without restorative treatment (n = 38), Group 3: patients after endoprosthesis with restorative treatment (n = 38), Group 4: patients after endoprosthesis without restorative treatment (n = 37). Rehabilitation treatment included physical therapy (PT) and physiotherapy. All patients received basic medical therapy, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics. Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare groups, and regression analysis were used to identify factors influencing treatment outcomes. Assessments were made pre-operatively, post-discharge and 3 months later using visual analogue scale (VAS), Harris pain scale, SF-36 quality of life scale and Rivermead pain scale.Results: The mean pain scores (VAS) at baseline were 8.0±0.5 (group 1), 7.9±0.4 (group 2), 7.8±0.3 (group 3) and 7.7±0.4 (group 4). After one month of treatment, the values decreased to 3.9±0.3, 5.4±0.4, 4.1±0.3 and 5.8±0.5, respectively. After three months, the values were 1.5±0.2, 3.7±0.3, 1.8±0.2 and 4.2±0.4, respectively. The analysis showed a significant improvement in patients who received restorative treatment compared to those who did not receive restorative treatment (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Our study confirmed a significant improvement in outcome in patients with proximal femoral fractures treated with surgery combined with physiotherapy and exercise. These data are important for developing clinical recommendations and optimizing standards of care for this group of patients.
EXPERIENCE OF TREATING OF SHOULDER JOINT ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS TREATMENT
Authors: Mylenin O. N. , Bakulina M. A. , Pimanchev O. V. , Ratyev A. P. , Eghiazaryan K. A. , Gediev T. V.
Published: December 2024

This paper summarizes the experience of treating 59 patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint. The observation period was 2 years. Rationale of choosing a method of treatment and a methodology of conservative treatment of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint by intra-articular injection of corticosteroids in the projection of the anteriorupper arthroscopic access and subsequent exercise therapy and physical rehabilitation are described. As a result of the study, it was found that in 94% of patients treated for adhesive capsulitis there was a complete relief of adhesive capsulitis symptoms after 3 months from the start of the treatment, a full range of motion was achieved.
EFFECT OF LOW-TEMPERATURE ARGON PLASMA ON THE VIABILITY AND PROLIFERATION OF FIBROBLASTS IN VITRO
Authors: Markevich P. S. , Filippov A. V. , Dolgikh R. N. , Borovkova N. V. , Makarov M. S. , Storozheva M. V. , Ponomarev I. N. , Zelenina T. A. , Zemlyanoy A. B.
Published: December 2024

Background: Controlled generation of active forms of oxygen and nitrogen stimulates wound healing processes. One of the sources of controlled generation of active forms of oxygen and nitrogen is low-temperature argon plasma. Low-temperature plasma activates various forms of cellular activity. However, the subtle mechanisms of such stimulation remain unclear. Thus, there is a need for a detailed study of the biological effect of low-temperature argon plasma on human cells.Objective: to evaluate the effect of low-temperature argon plasma on the structure and proliferative activity of human fibroblasts in vitro.Materials and methods. Human fibroblast culture (line M-21, passage 25, Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitis) was used in the work. After exposure to low-temperature argon plasma, the cells were cultured for 3 days in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% Gibco bovine embryo serum, then morphofunctional analysis of the cells was performed using vital staining. After 3 days, the cells were passaged (reseeded in other Petri dishes with a 1:2 dilution), then the cells were cultured for 3 days, and a repeated morphofunctional analysis was performed. All work with cell cultures was carried out in accordance with the international GMP standard.Results. Stimulation of the proliferative activity of fibroblasts was noted in the second passage after treatment with low-temperature argon plasma from a distance of 10 cm for 30 and 45 seconds and 15 cm for 45 seconds.The use of a collagen bandage screen significantly increases cell survival when exposed to plasma from a distance of 10 cm for 15 seconds. With screening, the decrease in the integrity of cell membranes after plasma exposure is less pronounced than with exposure without screening. When reseeding, cells treated in the presence of a collagen screen exhibit high proliferative activity and restore membrane integrity.
INTRAVENOUS INFUSION OF ALBUMIN IN A MULTIDISCIPLINARY CLINIC
Authors: Pokhabov D. S. , Shestakov E. A. , Gusarov V. G. , Fedyk O. V. , Zhiburt E. B.
Published: December 2024

Rationale: Albumin is one of the most important proteins, playing a significant role in maintaining colloid osmotic pressure, wound healing, reducing oxidative damage, transport of drugs and endogenous substances, and coagulation.Objective: To identify patterns of albumin infusions in a multidisciplinary hospital, to assess the compliance of albumin use with the standards of medical care.Methods: Retrospectively, based on materials from 43,710 electronic medical records, the infusion of albumin solution to hospital patients at the Pirogov Center in 2023 was studied. Infusions of 25% albumin solution in 50 ml bottles (Kedrion, Italy) were performed. The data were studied using descriptive and inductive statistics, analysis of variance ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05.Results: 146 people (0.3%) received albumin infusions. In total, patients received 2466 vials of albumin, or an average of approximately 211 grams of albumin per patient. There were 5 groups of albumin recipients: 1) cardiac surgery (n = 45); 2) oncohematology (n = 14); 3) oncology (n = 35); 4) trauma/orthopedics (n = 16); 5) other (n = 36). There were no gender differences in albumin recipients in terms of age, duration of treatment, mortality, volume or regimen of albumin administration. In the selected groups of patients, significant differences in age were revealed. Minimum age – in the oncohematology group: median (quartiles) – 43 (35; 52) years, maximum age – in the oncology group: 67 (59; 73) years (p<0.001). The groups also differed in terms of hospital treatment: minimum – in the cardiac surgery group: median (quartiles) – 13 (9; 17) days, maximum – in the group of other diseases: 22 (15; 35) days (p<0.001) and in intensive care: minimum – in the cardiac surgery group: median (quartiles) – 4 (3; 7) days, maximum – in the group of other diseases: 6.5 (4; 20) days (p<0.001). Body weight is known in 7 patients of the Pirogov Center with a minimum albumin concentration in 2023 (from 11.6 g/l to 18.4 g/l). If we apply a target albumin concentration of 30 g/l, then the prescribed dose of the drug will range from 35.4 g to 91.7 g.Conclusion: At the Pirogov Center, a 25% albumin solution is administered for replacement purposes, focusing on the target concentration of albumin in the patient’s serum of about 30 g/l. The dosage and duration of albumin administration differs in different groups of patients: the minimum amount of albumin was received by patients in the cardiac surgery group: median (quartiles) – 75 (37.5; 122.5) grams for 2 (1; 3) days, the maximum – by patients in the other group diseases: 110 (62.5; 337.5) grams for 3 (1; 6) days (p = 0.009 and p = 0.012, respectively).It is advisable:a) make changes to 11 standards of medical care regulating the dose of albumin in milliliters, without indicating the concentration of the solution;b) to clarify the possibly overestimated average daily dose of albumin of 100 grams, determined by 4 standards of medical care for cardiac surgery patients.
MODERN VIEWS AND APPROACHES TO THE CHOICE OF GRAFTS DURING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING. PART 2: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF GRAFTS
Authors: Shengelia L. D. , Konshina M. O. , Sanakoev M. K. , Fatulaev Z. F. , Donakanyan S. A. , Merzlyakov V. Yu.
Published: December 2024

It is known that coronary artery bypass grafting is still one of the main method of treatments from the point of increasing survival rates and avoidinig resergions and the risk of repeated interventions for most patients, in particular, in patients with multivessel coronary disease and diabetics. More than 45 years have passed since the first operation of coronary artery bypass grafting, and currently coronary artery bypass grafting is not only the most common operation in cardiovascular surgery, but also the “gold standard” for the treatment of the coronary heart disease. Currently, the internal thoracic artery, radial artery, and saphenous vein graft are used as grafts in coronary bypass grafting. And the question of which grafts are more efficient and durable is becoming more and more urgent. The long-term benefit of the internal thoracic artery has long been proven and the anastomosis between the left internal thoracic artery and the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery is well established and remains the gold standard for revascularization of severe coronary artery disease. The radial artery and saphenous vein are grafts of the second order. It is not always possible to achieve complete revascularization with arterial grafts, which requires the use of venous grafts. Unfortunately, the saphenous vein graft does not have the same duration of functioning, which leads to the occurrence of dysfunctions and the development of repeated ischemic events. On the other hand, the radial and internal arteries are exposed to spasm and vulnerable to competitive blood flow In this paper, a detailed analysis of the main types of grafts in coronary surgery is carried out.
THE EFFECT OF CORONARY BYPASS SURGERY ON BLOOD AMINOTHIOLS IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Dontsov V. V. , Zybin D. I. , Ivanov A. V. , Popov M. A. , Agafonov E. G. , Shumakov D. V.
Published: December 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is associated with oxidative stress (OS), in which this balance is disrupted, and the production of ROS outweighs their elimination. The oxidative reaction leads to impaired cell function and may increase the likelihood of complications during or after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). In pathophysiological conditions associated with OS, there is a general increase in the need for glutathione in antioxidant reactions, conjugation reactions and reduction of protein disulfides. Data on the effect of CABG on plasma aminothiols are incomplete and contradictory.The plasma pool of aminothiols, on the one hand, has a significant effect on the metabolism of glutathione in the tissues of blood vessels and the heart, and on the other hand, may reflect its disorders. CABG, in turn, can be considered as a procedure that triggers stress and adaptive mechanisms that can have a significant effect on the metabolism of aminothiols. However, to date, data on this effect of CABG are fragmentary. To understand the processes occurring in the aminothiol system in coronary heart disease and CABG, it is important to detect not only shifts in the concentrations of these markers, but also.
Identity Narrative as an Unconscious Scaffold for Human Autobiography
Authors: Novac Andrei , Tuttle M. C. , Bota R. , Blinder B. J.
Published: December 2024

Over the past years, a multi-disciplinary literature on the significance of personal narratives in autobiography and identity has emerged. This subject has been of interest to authors in the fields of humanities, psychology, and medicine alike. In this paper, we are proposing the term Identity Narrative (IdN) to define a cognitive and emotional framework that serves as an implicit (unconscious) scaffolding of memory on which to build human autobiography. The authors first classify narratives into external (universal history, the humanities, culture) and internal (autobiography, based on personal experiences, both directly and indirectly, through identification and education). All philosophy and social commentary has utilized history for the purposes of prediction and meaning-making. Personalities including Aristotle, St. Augustine, Rousseau, Freud, Marx, Spengler, and Benjamin Franklin have reread history to gain insight about human nature. History has inspired the enlightenment and renaissance of a new reality for humanity. It is widely known that history can also be misused to justify aggression and human suffering. The use of history to create deep convictions that annihilate moral imperatives is only possible because of unconsciously consolidated internal narratives, the IdN. IdN is reshaped through life, both by “bottom-up” acquisition of information, as well as a “top-down” learning model, which includes the following circumstances: (a) sudden insight and awareness; (b) experiences with high emotional valence; (c) high frequency of repetition; and (d) prolonged duration of exposure. In this way, IdN, a form of relatively stable unconscious, anoetic memory, provides a “first-person” experience to autobiography. Autobiography then, becomes part of auto-noetic consciousness, the human ability to mentally time travel and have self-knowledge. IdN parallels lifelong growth and development, language acquisition, and maturing of attachment. The extensive brain activation during communication and speech, revealed by neuroimaging studies, will be referred to as the “communication beltway.” We hypothesize that the alternation in activation between the default mode (midline structures) of the brain (previously associated with the Self) and the language brain creates a platform that encodes crucial components of IdN throughout life. In this way, IdN, autobiographical memory, and the language brain are parts of a larger biological substrate of social affiliations.
Marketing Channels of Si-Jank Pineapple Dodol at Mawar Merah Small Medium Enterprise
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Mulyati Sri , Harmoko Harmoko
Published: December 2024

Dodol is a typical food in Indonesia. dodol is a food product that is included in the semi-wet snack category. Each region in Indonesia has its own lunkhead characteristics. To improve sales volume and market reach, a study on the marketing channel analysis of dodol is necessary. The purpose of this research was to identify the marketing channel pattern of Si-Jank pineapple dodol at UKM Mawar Merah. The approach used in this research is descriptive quantitative and sampling by interview and analysis using margin share. The results of this study indicate: 1) The marketing channel pattern of Si-Jank pineapple dodol is twofold, namely: a) Marketing channel I (producer-consumer) and b) Marketing channel II (producer-retailer-consumer). 2) Marketing efficiency of Si-Jank pineapple dodol in UKM Mawar Merah in marketing channels I and II is already efficient, because it has a marketing efficiency value of less than 50%. UKM Mawar Merah prefer marketing channel II because the marketer's location for selling Si-Jank pineapple dodol is in the capital city of Sambas Regency, namely Sambas City, which is easily visited by consumers both from Sambas City and consumers from outside Sambas City
Wineinformatics: The Evaluation of the Computational Wine Wheel in the Past Decades
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR 72034, USA, Le Long , Chen Bernard ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR 72034, USA
Published: December 2024

The Computational Wine Wheel (CWW) emerged in 2014 as a response to the limitations of the traditional Wine Aroma Wheel. This innovative tool, blending the concepts of wine aroma classification and natural language processing, introduced a novel approach to analyzing wine attributes. Initially developed with a focus on the top 100 wines from Wine Spectator in 2011, the CWW underwent successive iterations, culminating in the latest version, CWW 3.0. With expanded categories and subcategories, as well as the inclusion of reviews from multiple sources including Robert Parker’s Wine Advocate, the CWW has evolved into a comprehensive resource for wine analysis. Through the creation of significant datasets like the Elite Bordeaux dataset and the Big dataset, the CWW has facilitated extensive research on wine attributes and trends. The ongoing development of the CWW underscores its importance as a dynamic tool in the field of Wineinformatics, promising continued advancements in wine analysis and understanding.
N-acetyl-L Tryptophan Provides Protection Against Gamma Radiation-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in the Irradiated IEC-6 Cells and Mouse Intestine via Neurokinin-1 Receptor/Substance P Expression Inhibition
Authors:   Department of Radiation Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi-110054, India, Kumari Pratibha , Kumar Ravi ,   Department of Radiation Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi-110054, India, Kumar Singh Shravan ,   Department of Radiation Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi-110054, India, Kumar Vimal ,   Department of Radiation Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi-110054, India, Singh Shravan Kumar ,   Department of Radiation Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi-110054, India, Kumar Raj ,   Department of Radiation Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi-110054, India
Published: December 2024

Radiation stimulates the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) via its agonist Substance P (SP) and elicits a cascade of inflammatory events that ultimately culminate in apoptotic cell death. Therefore, the present study was performed to find out the effects of NK-1R antagonist CP99994 and N-Acetyl-L-Tryptophan (L-NAT) on inflammatory and apoptotic pathway inhibition in irradiated IEC-6 cells and mice using cytotoxicity and proliferation assays. Radiation induced cellular Ca2+ accumulation and its modulation by L-NAT pre-treatment was quantified using flow cytometry. Gastrointestinal system radioprotection offered by L-NAT pre-treatment in irradiated mice was evaluated in terms of intestinal histology, NK-1R, substance P, and pro-inflammatory cyokines expression analysis in the jejunum section of irradiated mice. Pre-treatment with either L-NAT (-30 min) or CP99994 on irradiated IEC-6 cells provides significant protection (~80%) against radiation induced cell death. Furthermore, radiation induced over-expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, i.e., Apaf-1, cytochrome C, caspase-9, and NFkB, was found to be down-regulated upon L-NAT-pretreatment. Conversely, L-NAT pre-treatment of irradiated cells was observed to enhance pro-survival proteins like pERK1/2, pAKT, and Bcl-2. Interestingly, radiation-induced NK-1R, substance P, and other pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions such as NFkB, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β1, IL-4, were also found to be significantly regressed in the jejunum of the irradiated mice upon L-NAT pre-treatment. Conclusively, L-NAT provides radioprotection to IEC-6 cells and mice’s small intestines by modulating the NK-1R/substance P interaction, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines, up-regulating pro-survival proteins, and preserving intestinal crypt stem cells against radiation-induced cell death.
Feeding of baikal seal Pusa sibirica Gm. on pelagic crustacean Macrohectopus branickii Dyb. in conditions of artificial lighting
Authors: Petrov E. A. , Kupchinsky A. B.
Published: December 2024

Behavior of baikal seal Pusa sibirica Gm. at the depth of 200 m under permanent artificial illumination was filmed for the first time using stationary videocameras. Several seals found dense aggregations of prey concentrated in the illuminated sector presented mainly by adult females of pelagic crustacean Macrohectopus branickii Dyb. For many days, the seals actively hunted on M. branickii, rarely on fish, as juvenile pelagic golomyanka Comephorus sp. and coastal-pelagic Cottoidei. Their feeding behavior is described, as hunting techniques, methods of prey capturing, feeding activity of seals and behavior of the prey. The constant illumination disrupted natural vertical daily migrations of the crustacean and so changed the strategy of food diving for baikal seal. Based on the new obtained data, the hypothesis of Japanese scientists on decisive role of M. branickii in diet of baikal seal and high importance of this food resource for prosperity of the population is criticized. Such hypothesis supposes stable dense aggregations of the crustacean with abundant adult females of late generation (comparable with those under artificial light) in the pelagic layer of Lake Baikal at the depths accessible to seals, easy found by seals, but these conditions are never observed in nature.
Characteristics of bottom sediments in the Kievka Bay of the Japan Sea
Authors: Nesterova O. V. , Brikmans A. V. , Tregubova V. G. , Gilyov A. M.
Published: December 2024

Basic properties of bottom sediments, including organic carbon content, are determined to understand biogeochemical cycles in the marine environment. The samples were collected using a geological column sampler from the upper 10-centimeter layer of the sediments at the depth of 12.2–99.0 m in Kievka Bay in the 83rd cruise of RV Academician M.A. Lavrentiev. The bottom sediments in Kievka Bay are distinguished by significant content of organic carbon, in the medium to high categories, and high levels of major nutrients in the organic fraction, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Their particle-size composition corresponds mainly to sandy loams, with prevalence of silicon, aluminum and iron in the mineral skeleton that is similar to coastal soils. The content of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the bottom sediments of Kievka Bay correlates positively with the portion of physical clay fraction. The same analytical techniques used for both bottom sediments and coastal soils allow to consider the continental-ocean transition zone as a single system.
(NH3(CH2)7NH3)2Sn3I10 a vacancy-ordered 3D tin(II) perovskite-derived semiconductor
Authors: Asebiah Dominic , Nicolson Adair , Scanlon David , Reid Obadiah , Neilson James
Published: December 2024

Ordering vacancies in hybrid Sn(II) halide semiconductors provides a strategy for preventing uncontrolled oxidation and formation of mobile holes. In this study, we report the structure and optical and electronic properties of (NH3(CH2)7NH3)2Sn3I10, a vacancy-ordered perovskite derivative with three-dimensional inorganic connectiv- ity. The unit cell is a 4x4 x2 supercell of the cubic perovskite aristotype with a 1 small monoclinic shear (beta ~ 91°); thus single crystals remain heavily twinned. There- fore, the structure determination requires combination of synchrotron X-ray powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The crystal structure resembles that of a Dion-Jacobsen layered perovskite derivative, but with [SnI5] square pyramids bridging the layers. UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy reveals a sharp onset of light ab- sorption at 1.86(1) eV. Photoluminescence emission-excitation mapping indicates an emission peak at 1.90(1) eV, with maximum excitation occurring from 3.42 eV to 3.81 eV (325 nm to 370 nm), revealing a significant Stokes shift of 1.3 eV. Thus, the photo- luminescence excitation spectra are significant blue shifted from the absorption spec- trum. The electronic properties determined from dark and time-resolved microwave conductivity measurements reveal a minimum carrier mobility of 4.3 x10^12 cm2/V/s and maximum carrier density of 5.96x10^16 cm^3, a uniquely low value for a hybrid Sn(II) halide semiconductor. The transport behavior in combination with first principles calculations (HSE06 with spin orbit coupling) of the electronic band struc- ture and dielectric permittivity suggest polaron-mediated electronic transport, yet the photogenerated carriers have a fast and fluence-dependent non-radiative recombina- tion rate, suggestive of localized “defect-like” states at the band edge. The observed photoluminescence is most consistent with single-ion like behavior of an asymmetric Sn(II) environment. Together, these results suggest that defect ordering presents a strategy for the presentation of mobile charge carriers at equilibrium, but with a con- sequence of electronic relaxation resembling that of a highly defected semiconductor.
Insights into the Self-Assembly and Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Peptides with Biomimetic Plasma Membrane Models
Authors: Pawar Nisha , Santamaria Andreas , Romano Brigida , Batchu Krishna C. , Laux Valerie , Guzman Eduardo , Zaccai Nathan R. , Alvarez-Fernandez Alberto , Maestro Armando
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, which was caused by SARS-CoV-2, initiated a global health crisis in 2019. SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus encased in a lipid envelope that houses key structural proteins, including the Spike glycoprotein, which mediates viral entry into host cells. Within the Spike protein, the S2 subunit, and particularly its fusion domain, plays a critical role in merging viral and host membranes. Understanding the fusion domain interactions at the molecular level is important for advancing applications such as the development of novel antiviral therapies. This study investigates the self-assembly of SARS-CoV-2 S2 subunit fusion peptides (FPs) and their interaction with biomimetic plasma membrane (PM) models composed of physiological mixes of phospholipids, sphingomyelin, and cholesterol. Complementary techniques, including atomic force microscopy, neutron reflectometry and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, provided detailed insights into lipid nano-mechanics and in-plane molecular structure. Our findings reveal several types of FP assemblies at the PM interface, including the formation of rigid fibres, spiral structures, and segregated domains. These behaviours are influenced by FP intrinsic features such as hydrophobicity and molecular structure, and the resultant interactions with lipid headgroups and tail regions. This work enhances our molecular-level understanding of FP-lipid interactions, shedding light on viral entry mechanisms. Furthermore, the ability of these peptides to self-assemble, modulated by the surrounding lipid environment, positions them as promising building blocks for innovative functional biomaterials.
Thermodynamic Optimization of Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction: A First-Principles and Entropy-Based Study
Authors: Chukwu Chidi Daniel
Published: December 2024

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a cornerstone of electrochemical energy conversion systems such as water splitting and metal-air batteries, is inherently limited by its sluggish kinetics due to the multistep proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism and high activation barriers. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as a revolutionary strategy to address the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, we present a novel design thermodynamically enhanced for optimizing the rate determining stage of the OER. In line with the Second law of thermodynamics we report the findings from a first principle examination of a novel high-density fish patch single-atom catalyst for OER. We employed DMOL3 and MATLAB for the molecular modelling and computation while MATLAB was used to determine the overpotential constant. With a focus on the effect of the entropy on the reaction rate for Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the optimum entropy for efficient OER was determine. Applying an external pressure of (0, 0.1333, 0.2667 and 0.4 Pascal) on the system and studying the Gibbs free energy, the study revealed that 0.2667 Pa, is the best position for efficient OER. At this value, ΔGO2 and ΔGO -0. 066993 and -0. 06297 (J)