bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Perceived Barriers and Benefits of Physical Activity Among Wounded, Injured, and/or Sick Military Veterans
Authors: Walker Robert , Limbert Caroline , Smith Paul M
Published: June 2021

Wounded, injured, and/or sick (WIS) military veterans face significant physical and psychosocial challenges following discharge from service. Physical activity can have many positive effects on the holistic wellbeing of such individuals. However, little knowledge exists regarding the perceived barriers and benefits of physical activity within this population, creating challenges surrounding physical activity promotion. Therefore, this study was designed to identify key barriers and benefits among this population, so that informed approaches to encourage participation in physical activity can be developed. A questionnaire related to the perceived barriers and benefits of physical activity was completed by 105 WIS British military veterans. Participants were predominantly male, physically active, served in the British Army, and described their injury as frequently impacting their daily living. Factor analysis revealed that poor mental health, negative beliefs about physical activity, and low beliefs about physical capability were prominent barriers represented in the data. However, only veterans’ beliefs about their physical capability were related to physical activity levels and differed between active and insufficiently active participants. Beliefs identified as benefits of physical activity that correlated with physical activity levels were improved mental and physical health, a sense of purpose, and increased physical fitness. Subsequently, barriers and benefits were categorized using the Behaviour Change Wheel, a behavior change framework, that indicated intervention functions of education, incentivization, and persuasion might be effective methods of increasing physical activity behavior among WIS veterans. Ultimately, this will lead to greater engagement with physical activity and improved health and wellbeing within this population.
A note from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Tanaś Maciej
Published: June 2021

A note from the Editor-in-Chief
A critical analysis of the theories and models of self-education
Authors: Śliwerski Bogusław
Published: June 2021

Human behaviour researchers argue on self-education matters, which accumulate the complex of unsolved contentious problematic issues, referring to classical antinomies: freedom, socialization, and self-consciousness. There are many controversies concerning the interpretation of the self-education notion in social sciences and corresponding theories. The author of the paper presents those theories and explains approaches to self-education, as they have inspired countless pedagogical and psychological issues. Concurrently he underlines different activities, which illustrate two contrasting theoretical standpoints. The first one treats self-education as perfectio prima. It happens when the striving to perfection is realized by Socratic (“self-oriented”) model. Such an approach is the only motivation of individual activity and the aim in itself. On the other hand, the second perspective understands self-education as the Promethean (“out-oriented”) activity. In the light of its assumptions, it is a kind of spontaneous, nonintentional man’s activities aimed to transform reality out of oneself, the surrounding world, and the environment of life. Here, self-education is the perfectio secunda category, which means that the individual self-educates itself by reaching excellence per accidens. Such distinction is crucial for project constructing and empirical research questing.
Social family background: Exposure to technology and its use by preschool children
Authors: Kashahu (Xhelilaj) Ledia
Published: June 2021

Today one cannot understand the communication, interaction of people, and their professional development without the use of smartphones, iPads, laptops, etc. New parents are facing personal challenges in using technology. At the same time, they are confused about parenting in the digital age, while children are in their infancy for the development of digital competence. The purpose of this qualitative research is to shed light on how parents of different social backgrounds use technology for themselves and in what ways their children are exposed to technology and given the opportunity to use it themselves. The study sample was 29 Albanian parents, who had children aged 5-6 years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were processed based on thematic analysis as well as labelling and coding techniques. It was noted that the duration of use of Media Technology by children and the purpose of use vary depending on the age, educational level of parents, their professions, how parents themselves use technology, but also the number of children in the family. The findings of this study guide targeted interventions for media technology education for parents, but at the same time can be used by the policymakers and pedagogical staff to find new strategies to be able to use the paradigm of media pedagogy more effectively, in order to improve the experience and the outcomes of digital learning for preschool children.
Proffesional Activity at Multinational Aviation Companies: Impact of Socio Cultural Factors
Authors: Paziura Nataliia , Nychkalo Nelly
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the peculiarities of professional activity of aviation personnel working for multinational aviation companies and socio cultural factors influencing their work. It is stressed that socio and cross cultural issues may be the reason for misunderstanding in professional and everyday communication. Miscommunications may broadly be applied to a range of verbal communications problems ranging from misunderstandings, such as those due to ambiguity, language structure, to more technical problems. The authors underline that those misunderstandings may be due to cultural differences. Special attention is paid to professional radio communication between an air traffic controller and pilot, which is very important for promotion of flight safety. Studies indicate that miscommunication is a pervasive problem in air traffic control and, although infrequent when considered as a percentage of daily transactions, nevertheless, has been a causal factor in numerous fatal accidents. The conclusion is made about the importance of social factors influencing the choice of certain lexical units and functional styles in radio communication.
On management processes in education Towards international exams – the case of the Meitzav
Authors: Ben Harus Eli , Davidovitch Nitza
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the current study is to examine the differences in the functioning of school staff and management in the southern district (a peripheral area) and in the central district. This, in light of the Meitzav test (Hebrew acronym for School Efficacy and Growth Measures) administered in junior high schools from 2016-2019. The preparations undertaken by the school management and educational staff for the Meitzav and the resources allocated by the school principal for studying for these tests were examined.
The research findings indicate that the significance of the Meitzav tests as perceived by the principal is critical for success on the tests in the core subjects of math, Hebrew, English, and science. The more principals see the Meitzav as an effective measurement tool for them and for the school’s progress, the more they will act to provide reinforcement learning, focus days in the core subject, individual learning, so that the preparation for this test will be optimal. The contribution of the current study is in understanding the pedagogic and organizational school processes that occur at the schools, which are required for the purpose of reaching measurable achievements. Understanding these processes and identifying them is extremely significant for the school principal and for the educational system in general regarding expectations of the school, its goals, and how they are achieved. The research findings might have a practical contribution to school principals and policy makers in the school educational system, while characterizing and examining positive change components in school management.
Testing of Sinters Made of Copper Powders Coated with Carbon Structure Containing Graphene
Authors: RAJKOWSKI Kamil , MAJEWSKI Tomasz
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the results of preliminary tests on specimens made from mixtures of dendritic copper powder (CuE) with the graphene-coated copper powder (CuG) in a range from 20% to 100% (CuG). The properties of the powder mixtures, green compacts and sinters were determined. To study the properties of the powder mixtures, the following tests were carried out: a measurement of the CuG powder grain size after the grinding process, measurements of the bulk density and tap density of the prepared powder mixtures. The porosity of the produced green compacts and the sinters was calculated as well as the densification capabilities of the powder mixtures by die pressing, cold isostatic pressing and sintering in a reducing atmosphere were tested. Moreover, the nature of the porosity formation was analysed using an optical microscope and the Brinell hardness was determined. The measured Brinell hardness was in the range of 17 HB for sinters made from CuG to 34 HB for sinters made from a 20% CuG powder mixture. More than six hundred measurements that were made in this study show that the high CuG content in the powder mixture reduce the hardness of the sinters as well increase their porosity.
Processo de Mineração de Dados Educacionais aplicado na Previsão do Desempenho de Alunos: Uma comparação entre as Técnicas de Aprendizagem de Máquina e Aprendizagem Profunda
Authors: Souza Vanessa Faria , Santos Tony Carlos Bignardi dos
Published: June 2021

Com o aumento da disponibilidade de dados, sobretudo no contexto educacional, surgiram áreas específicas para extração de informações relevantes, como a Mineração de Dados Educacionais (MDE), que integra inúmeras técnicas que dão suporte à captação, processamento e análises desses conjuntos de registros. A principal técnica associada a MDE é a Aprendizagem de Máquina (AM), que vem sendo empregada a décadas no processamento de dados em diversos contextos, mas com a evolução tecnológica outras técnicas têm se sobressaído como a Aprendizagem Profunda (AP), baseada na aplicação de Redes Neurais Artificiais Multicamadas. Com foco neste contexto, esse estudo tem como objetivo realizar a previsão do desempenho de alunos, em um conjunto de dados públicos, e comparar as técnicas de AM e AP, ademais indicar quais os principais atributos preditores para o desempenho dos alunos. Para isso foi implementado um processo de MDE baseado em 4 etapas: 1) Coleta de dados; 2) Extração de recursos e limpeza de dados (pré-processamento e transformação); 3) Processamento analítico e algoritmos; e 4) Análise e interpretação dos resultados. Como resultado foi identificado que os modelos gerados a partir dos algoritmos tradicionais de AM têm um bom desempenho, mas inferior ao modelo AP que teve uma acurácia de 94%, bem como foi constatado que atributos relacionados às atividades escolares são mais preditores para o desempenho dos alunos do que os dados de características demográficas e socioeconômicas.
Contribution of Gut Microbiome to Human Health and the Metabolism or Toxicity of Drugs and Natural Products
Authors: Kittakoop Prasat
Published: June 2021

Trillions of microorganisms with a complex and diverse community are in the human gastrointestinal tract. Gut microbial genomes have much more genes than human genome, thus having a variety of enzymes for many metabolic activities; therefore, gut microbiota is recognized as an “organ” that has essential functions to human health. There are interactions between host and gut microbiome, and there are correlations between gut microbiome in the healthy state and in certain disease states, such as cancer, liver diseases, diabetes, and obesity. Gut microbiota can produce metabolites from nutrients of dietary sources and from drug metabolisms; these metabolites, for example, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have substantial effects on human health. Drug-microbiome interactions play a crucial role in therapeutic efficiency. Some drugs are able to change compositions of gut microbiota, which can lead to either enhance or reduce therapeutic efficiency. This chapter provides an overview of roles of gut microbiota in human health and diseases and recent research studies on the metabolism or toxicity of drugs and natural products. Since gut bacteria considerably contribute to drug metabolism, research on the influence of gut microbiome on drug candidates (or natural products) should be part of the drug development processes.
Fabrication and Application of Polymer Optical Fiber Grating Devices
Authors: Min Rui
Published: June 2021

Grating devices in polymer optical fiber (POFs) have attracted interest due to varies potential applications in recent years. This chapter presents the state of art about the fabrication technology of grating devices in different kinds of POFs and explores potential sensing application scenarios, focus on the fabrication of chirped POF FBG devices and the potential application of such devices. Present several typical applications with uniform POF FBG. Also present several typical applications based on Chirped POF FBG, which indicate POF FBG shown promising in the sensing area with show higher sensitivity and bio-compatibility than silica ones, and special grating in POF are attractive for future biomedical applications.
Ultra-Wideband MM Wave System and RF Modules
Authors: Sabban Albert
Published: June 2021

Compact wideband RF modules are crucial in mm-wave direction finding systems, radars, seekers, and communication systems. This chapter discusses new integrated wideband mm-wave RF modules. It also discusses the design and development of a compact wideband (18–40 GHz) frontend and a wideband (18–40 GHz) switch bank filter (SBF). The frontend electrical specifications determine the system signal-to-noise ratio and the system dynamic range. This chapter presents a low-cost integrated 18–40 GHz wideband compact frontend with a 47 dBm high power limiter. The frontend consists of two channels: a high gain and low gain channel. Wideband MMIC switches are employed to select the required channel. The gain of the high gain channel is around 27 dB with ±1 dB flatness. The noise figure of the module is around 9 dB. This chapter also presents a low-cost, integrated, 18–40 GHz wideband compact SFB module. The wideband SFB consists of three wideband side-coupled microstrip filters. The SFB MIMIC switches operate in the 18 to 40 GHz frequency range and are used to select the required filter. The insertion loss of each filter section is less than 11.5 dB ±1.5 dB. The novelty of this research is the development of compact, integrated wideband mm-wave RF modules for direction finding and communication systems.
Parameter Dependencies of a Biomechanical Cervical Spine FSU - The Process of Finding Optimal Model Parameters by Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Bauer Sabine , Kramer Ivanna
Published: June 2021

The knowledge about the impact of structure-specific parameters on the biomechanical behavior of a computer model has an essential meaning for the realistic modeling and system improving. Especially the biomechanical parameters of the intervertebral discs, the ligamentous structures and the facet joints are seen in the literature as significant components of a spine model, which define the quality of the model. Therefore, it is important to understand how the variations of input parameters for these components affect the entire model and its individual structures. Sensitivity analysis can be used to gain the required knowledge about the correlation of the input and output variables in a complex spinal model. The present study analyses the influence of the biomechanical parameters of the intervertebral disc using different sensitivity analysis methods to optimize the spine model parameters. The analysis is performed with a multi-body simulation model of the cervical functional spinal unit C6-C7.
Evaluating the Performance of Different Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Forecasting: Rainfall and Runoff Prospective
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Saifullah Muhammad , Hashim Sarfraz , Khan Mohsin , Muhammad Sher
Published: June 2021

The forecasting plays key role for the water resources planning. Most suitable technique is Artificial intelligence techniques (AITs) for different parameters of weather forecasting and generated runoff. The study compared AITs (RBF-SVM and M5 model tree) to understand the rainfall runoff process in Jhelum River Basin, Pakistan. The rainfall and runoff of Jhelum river used from 1981 to 2012. The Different rainfall and runoff dataset combinations were used to train and test AITs. The data record for the period 1981–2001 used for training and then testing. After training and testing, modeled runoff and observed data was evaluated using R2, NRMSE, COE and MSE. During the training, the dataset C2 and C3 were found to be 0.71 for both datasets using M5 model. Similar results were found for dataset of C3 using RBF-SVM. Over all, C3 and C7 were performed best among all the dataset. The M5 model tree was performed better than other applied techniques. GEP has also exhibited good results to understand rainfall runoff process. The RBF-SVM performed less accurate as compare to other applied techniques. Flow duration curve (FDCs) were used to compare the modeled and observed dataset of Jhelum River basin. For High flow and medium high flows, GEP exhibited well. M5 model tree displayed the better results for medium low and low percentile flows. RBF-SVM exhibited better for low percentile flows. GEP were found the accurate and highly efficient DDM among the AITs applied techniques. This study will help understand the complex rainfall runoff process, which is stochastic process. Weather forecasting play key role in water resources management and planning.
Recombinant Fungal Cellulases for the Saccharification of Sugarcane Bagasse
Authors: Guimarães Benevides Raquel , Aparecida de Assis Sandra , Borges Vitor Alison , Camila Ribeiro Geise , Souza de Santana Cleidineia , Emanuelle da Silva Almeida Larissa
Published: June 2021

Cellulases are important enzymes in cellulose degradation that occurs in nature, this degradation involves a system of extracellular multienzymes and have wide application. The construction of a high-quality system for the production of these enzymes is important for its application in the process of saccharification of biomass involved in the biofuel production process. Several species of fungi are capable of synthesizing and secreting high amounts of cellulase, most studies with fungal species use linearized plasmid, since these are encompassed to chromosomal DNA, improving its stability and expression efficiency. Advances in the production of recombinant enzymes focus on the search for industrially viable microorganisms capable of producing enzymes under various conditions, expressing them in a highly efficient manner, aiming at the synthesis of several copies of genes and a strong promoter. To resay these restrictions, molecular biology combined with recombinant DNA technology is a viable tool in enzymatic production. In subsequent topics, the production of endoglucanases, exoglucanases and β-glucosidase of fungi cloned in Escherichia coli, Pichia pastoris and other different expression systems will be addressed.
Circulating Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Van Tong Hoang , Van Dung Pham , Thi Mong Diep Nguyen , Linh Toan Nguyen
Published: June 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, which is also often fatal. An early and accurate diagnosis is a decisive step towards the survival of the patients. Molecular biology improved significantly the prognosis of liver cancers through learned use of tumor markers like proteantigens, cytokines, enzymes, isoenzymes, circulating RNAs, gene mutations and methylations. Nevertheless, much improvement is still achievable and needed in this area, which is crucial in order to make an early diagnosis and monitor the progression of the disease. We present in this review what we believe to be the most relevant data regarding tissue and serum biomarkers related to HCC.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Renal and Audiology Toxicities in Patients with Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Soedarsono Soedarsono , Kusmiati Tutik , Permatasari Ariani
Published: June 2021

Background: People with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher risk for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). DR-TB patients with comorbidity of DM were also vulnerable to experience adverse effects of DR-TB treatment. Management of DR-TB with comorbidity of DM is complicated. Also, DM may affect TB response treatment and cause more adverse effects. Objectives: This study was conducted on DR pulmonary TB (DR-PTB) patients to evaluate the effect of DM on adverse effects, especially renal function impairment and audiology impairment, as well as treatment outcomes due to treatment regimens containing kanamycin. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 2016 to 2017 at Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Patients who received DR-TB regimens containing kanamycin were included in this study. HbA1c >7 was used to define DM. The adverse effects in this study were impaired renal function (increased serum creatinine) and audiology impairment. Results: Patients who experienced increased serum creatinine were 28/82 (34.1%) with DM and 20/120 (16.7%) without DM, audiology impairment were 22/82 (26.8%) with DM and 19/120 (15.8%) without DM, and unfavorable outcome were 37/82 (45%) with DM and 46/120 (38%) without DM. Moreover, DM is associated with adverse effects and treatment outcomes. Patients with DM have a risk ratio (RR) for increased serum creatinine, audiology impairment, and unfavorable outcome with RR 2.049 (95% CI: 1.242 – 3.379), RR 1.694 (95% CI: 0.982 – 2.925), and RR 1.177 (95% CI: 0.847 – 1.636), respectively. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of adverse effects, increased serum creatinine, and audiology impairment. Also, it increases the risk of unfavorable treatment outcomes in patients with DR-PTB who receive DR-TB regimens containing kanamycin.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory
Authors: Paliziyan Arezoo , Mehrabizadeh Honarmand Mehrnaz , Hashemi Seyed Esmael , Davoudi Iran
Published: June 2021

Background: Diagnostic questionnaires play a great role in accelerating the diagnosis of mental disorders. Objectives: This study aimed to provide a cross-cultural adaption form of Self-report oppositional defiant behavior inventory (SR-ODBI) in Persian and assess the validity and reliability of this Persian form. Methods: The present study was done on two research samples, including a sample of 294 students who were selected in the school year of 2019 - 2020 (girls and boys) from high schools of Dezful city by multi-stage random sampling method and a sample of 320 parents. The validity of the oppositional defiant behavior inventory was assessed by two methods of confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity, and the reliability of the inventory was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and split-half methods. Results: Cronbach's alpha was obtained at 0.73 (0.87) for the whole self-report scale (parent version), 0.72 (0.74) for the subscale of irritability, and 0.81 (0.80) for the subscale of stubborn and resentful behavior. The correlation between SR-ODBI and Achenbach Youth Mental Health Test was 0.56 (P < 0.01). The results of confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA = 0.06 and 0.08) also indicated a relatively good fit of structures of the oppositional defiant behavior inventory. Conclusions: The results of the research indicated that the Persian version of the Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory in Iran has good reliability and validity.
Effects of Six-Week Endurance Training in Liver Enzymes, Lipid Profile, Interleukin-6 and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) Responses in People with a Family History of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Shiri Farzad , Monazzami Amirabbas , Azizi Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Background: Research on the effects of moderate-intensity endurance training on inflammatory indices and cardiovascular risk factors is limited. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of six weeks of endurance training on liver enzymes, body composition, lipid profile, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein responses in people with a family history of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Thirty men (30 - 45years) participated in this study who were divided into two groups, including the control group (n = 10) and training group (n = 20) systematically. The training group program consisted of running on a treadmill for 30 minutes with an intensity of 55 to 60% of maximum heart rate. These training programs were continued three times a week for six weeks. The control group did not perform any exercise program. ELISA technique was used to measure lipid profile, liver enzymes, interlukin-6 (IL-6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), respectively. Results: The results showed that the variables of weight, liver enzymes, lipid profile, IL-6, and hs-CRP were significantly different from the pre-test (P < 0.05). Also, in between-group comparison, the results showed that except for the variables of fat percentage and BMI in the other variables of the study, a significant difference was observed (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that moderate-intensity endurance training could be used as a useful way to reduce weight, levels of inflammatory markers, liver enzymes and cardiovascular risk factors in people with a family history of CAD.
An Existential-Phenomenology of Crack Cocaine Abuse
Authors: Trujillo Joaquin ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2021

This paper explores the human significance of crack cocaine abuse by submitting its manifestation (logos) to existential-phenomenological analysis. The author conducted over fifty, first-hand interviews of recovering and active crack cocaine abusers toward disclosing the meaning of his to-be.What is revealed is the way the addiction reacts upon the with-structure of existence. Active crack cocaine addiction is being-high-and-free-of-craving. The singularity of this event eclipses the interhuman significance that substantially constitutes concern, as the meaning and Being of There-being, and radicalizes existence such that the “other” is unceasingly projected as a means to free transcendence. The crack abuser forsakes the existentials being-with and There-being-with-others, ways of to-be that accommodate and gear into the existence of “others,” to being-with-crack, a way of Being that is exclusively for the sake of the dependent’s “self.”
The Trends of Immunohistochemistry for Tissue-Invasive Cytomegalovirus in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Biopsies
Authors: Goyal Geetika , Zinger Tatyana , Warfield Dana , Cao Wenqing
Published: June 2021

Context.—

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the most widely used method to diagnose CMV infection/reactivation in tissues in a pathology laboratory.

Objective.—

To improve the efficiency of CMV IHC testing by evaluating immunopositive staining trends of tissue-invasive CMV in the gastrointestinal system.

Design.—

A total of 1479 individual orders for CMV IHC on gastrointestinal biopsy specimens from 2016 to 2018 were included. The analysis was performed to identify the significant factors contributory to CMV-positive test results.

Results.—

The overall positivity rate of CMV IHC in our institution was 4.73% (70 of 1479). The positivity rate from physician-requested and pathologist-initiated tests was significantly different (7.54% versus 3.83%, P = .004). Cases with severe inflammation showed a higher positive CMV rate than those with mild inflammation (5.37% versus 2.60%, P = .04). Cytomegalovirus positivity in biopsies from posttransplant patients, inflammatory bowel disease, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), cancer, and others was 19.69%, 3.84%, 23.33%, 9.00%, and 2.84%, respectively. The positivity rate among posttransplant, HIV/CVID, or cancer patients was significantly higher than in other populations. Cases tested with multiple tissue blocks generated a higher positivity rate than those with a single block (7.77% versus 3.23%, P < .001). Testing 3 to 4 blocks per case almost tripled the positive CMV detection rate (9.04%). Interestingly, using 5 or more blocks did not further ameliorate the positive CMV detection rate.

Conclusions.—

The data revealed that physician request, immunosuppression, multiple blocks, and severe inflammation were strongly related to positive CMV IHC detection rate. These findings might provide value in helping pathologists manage CMV IHC testing more efficiently.
Female Adnexal Tumor of Probable Wolffian Origin
Authors: Hou Yanjun , Yang Bin , Zhang Gloria
Published: June 2021

Context.—

Female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO) often is a diagnostic challenge given its rarity, histologic heterogeneity, and lack of specific immunoprofile.

Objective.—

To further understand the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of this rare entity.

Design.—

We studied the clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical features of a cohort of 11 FATWO cases from our institute.

Results.—

Patients' age ranged from 25 to 76 years (mean, 55 years). Tumor size ranged from 0.5 to 18 cm (mean, 2.7 cm). Histopathologically, most tumors presented with low-grade cytologic features with low mitotic activity and lack of necrosis. Three main growth patterns were appreciated: solid, tubular, and sievelike patterns. Higher-grade nuclear atypia, increased mitotic activity, and focal necrosis were seen in 2 cases. These 2 cases were clinically considered malignant FATWO mainly because of their extra-adnexal involvement. Immunohistochemical studies found that tumor cells were positive for CD10 (11 of 11, 100%), AE1/3 (8 of 8, 100%), CAM 5.2 (4 of 5, 80%), and cytokeratin 7 (CK7; 7 of 10, 70%), and focally positive for calretinin (4 of 10, 40%), inhibin (4 of 10, 40%), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA; 3 of 9, 33%), and steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1; 2 of 8, 25%). Lack of immunoreactivity to PAX8 and GATA3 in almost all cases indicates that FATWO is different from the tumors derived from the Müllerian or mesonephric origins. All patients with available follow-up had favorable prognosis.

Conclusion.—

The broad spectrum of clinical presentation, various morphologic features, and overlapping immunophenotype suggest that FATWO is a diagnosis of exclusion until it is further defined at the molecular and immunohistochemical levels.
A Daily Operational Huddle and a Real-Time Communication Application Improve Efficiency of Laboratory Processes
Authors: Cao Jing , Dowlin Michael , West Aaron , Mutandiro Clarah , Mpwo Marcus , Singh Ila R.
Published: June 2021

Context.—

Clinical laboratory processes that require cooperation among geographically distinct sections often face challenges. We describe these challenges as related to the Gram staining of cerebrospinal fluid, a key test in the management of patients with suspected central nervous system infections, and our attempts to improve quality outcomes.

Objective.—

To evaluate multiple tools and strategies for their effectiveness in optimizing the turnaround time of tests sharing a specimen or workflow.

Design.—

Over the course of 5 years, the turnaround time of cerebrospinal fluid Gram stain was studied at one of the largest children's health systems in the United States. Baseline data showed suboptimal compliance to targeted turnaround times. A conventional approach to process standardization and 2 innovative tools that facilitate horizontal integration were applied to the main campus laboratory as follows: a daily operational huddle and a novel electronic communication application that was interfaced with the laboratory information system. Turnaround time and its variation were assessed. Two other hospital laboratories within the health system that did not undergo these quality interventions served as controls.

Results.—

Standardization of processes reduced the variability of turnaround time but only minimally shortened it. In contrast, an interteam daily huddle that monitored key quality metrics together with the communication application improved turnaround time significantly and sustainably.

Conclusions.—

Communication strategies involving a physical or virtual gathering of laboratory representatives encourage horizontal communication and improve turnaround times. These tools are generally applicable and could be used to improve other processes in healthcare, especially those where a workflow is shared between 2 geographically distinct areas of a health system.
Memories from the margins: violence and counter-narratives � introduction
Authors: Parish Nina , Rugo Daniele
Published: June 2021

This supplementary issue looks at how informal, often unrecognised, memory practices are used to deal with the legacy of violent conflict as a way to heal trauma, demand justice, and build sustainable peace. By drawing on case studies from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, India, Lebanon, Northern Ireland, Rwanda, Sri Lanka, Syria, and Vietnam, the articles examine informal practices of memorialisation that challenge amnesia and hegemonic discourses of conflict by creating spaces for dialogue and exchange.
Liquid graves and meaning activism in the Colombian armed conflict: the �bottom-up� recovery and memorialisation of victims of forced disappearance
Authors: Rudling Adriana , Vega Due�as Lorena
Published: June 2021

Although the use of non-burial methods can be traced to the early 1950s, this conceptual paper seeks to define the agency of the community members of Puerto Berr�o (Department of Antioquia, Colombia) engaged in the recovery of human remains from the Magdalena River since the 1980s. Covering the preservation of the remains salvaged from these liquid graves, their �baptism� using fabricated names, and the �adoption� of their souls in exchange for small favours, this complex practice is political. This community-level meaning activism arises as a consequence of the harm-amplifying reality of a pathological state and is a form of resistance to (in)formal rules of necro-governmentality imposed by the non-state armed groups, the state, and the Catholic Church. We conclude that, despite the fact that relatives recognise the precarity of the legal�bureaucratic administration of forced disappearance, they have expressed a renewed expectation that the search, location, and identification be part of a new �virtuous state� in light of the 2016 Final Peace Agreement.
Folkebibliotekets digitale tilbud under koronakrisen
Authors: Skare Roswitha
Published: June 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a lockdown of public libraries’ buildings in Norway in March 2020 as was the case in almost every other European country. This article investigates the situation for the public library in Tromsø in the period from 12 March 2020 and towards a gradual reopening of the library building to the public in April the same year. The lockdown of the physical library building led to an increased use of digital resources, and the library continued its presence on social media platforms informing their users about those. The article focuses first on digital resources offered by the library before it investigates the libraries posting on Facebook during the first month of lockdown in Norway.
Skandalesager, undersøgelseskommissioner og parlamentariske undersøgelser
Authors: Christensen Jens Peter
Published: June 2021

De seneste tre årtier har budt på omfattende brug af dommerledede undersøgelser for at få belyst ministres og embedsmænds rolle i politisk-administrative skandalesager. Undersøgelserne har været et led i den parlamentariske kontrol, men har samtidig været en del af en politisk proces med sigte på at få et juridisk præget grundlag for kritik af regeringen og dens ministre. Selv om nye undersøgelsesformer er kommet til – senest med indførelse af de såkaldte »granskningskommissioner« – er der ikke tegn på afgørende nyt under solen. Også fremover vil politisk-administrative skandalesager og deres undersøgelse være en særlig politikform.
Ekspertiserummet i danske kommissioner: Afgrænset af politik og forskerkolleger
Authors: Bøgh Andersen Lotte , Howard Grøn Caroline
Published: June 2021

Forskere inviteres ofte indenfor i forskellige former for kommissioner. I denne artikel sammenligner vi Ledelseskommissionen og Lærerkommissionen for at belyse, hvordan forskernes ekspertiserum afgrænses. Med udgangspunkt i vores deltagelse i de to kommissionsarbejder diskuterer vi tre dimensioner, der kan bruges til at forstå, hvordan ekspertiserummet afgrænses. Det er kommissionens politiske miljø, kommissionens interne organisering og forskerens karakteristika. Vi illustrerer, hvordan forskerkolleger og det politiske miljø rundt om kommissionen kan spille en central rolle i afgrænsningen af ekspertiserummet.
Økonomisk og monetær union i EU – motiver og resultater
Authors: Thygesen Niels
Published: June 2021

Motiverne for og indretningen af EU’s økonomiske og monetære union (ØMU) har siden 1970 udviklet sig i et samspil mellem fagøkonomiske perspektiver og politiske præferencer, hvor de sidste synes at have grebet og forstærket nybrud i de første. Med udfordringerne fra Covid-19-pandemien er finanspolitik kommet i forgrunden, og Traktatens arbejdsdeling med pengepolitik er markant ændret.
Fra en tidligere finansministers logbog fra Bermuda-trekanten mellem viden, magt og interesser
Authors: Corydon Bjarne
Published: June 2021

30-40 års konsensus om at redde velfærdsstaten efter 1970’ernes morads har sikret økonomerne en unik rolle i den politisk rådgivning. Det har udviklet deres »kontekstkompetencer«. Uden tilsvarende modning har mange andre eksperter ofte været bedre til at skabe problemer end til at finde løsninger. Ligesom de også er blevet brugt til legitimering. Nu er et opbrud på vej. Det rummer dybe faldgruber, men også et mulighedsvindue. Hvis nye samfundsproblemer som f.eks. grøn omstilling og bæredygtighed skal løses på et stærkt vidensgrundlag, må både økonomerne og andre ekspertgrupper lære af fortiden og udvikle deres kontekstkompetencer.
« L’impartialité sera le premier de nos devoirs »
Authors: Harvey Sara
Published: June 2021

Cet article interroge le statut singulier du critique dans la presse mondaine émergente en retraçant les liens constitutifs entre critique, auteur et lecteur. Il prend comme point de départ la Muse historique de Jean Loret. Ce divertissement lettré, qui regroupe les principales caractéristiques de l’écriture périodique, dessine un premier portrait, celui du critique honnête homme qui se construit en opposition avec le critique savant. L’analyse détaillée des différents Mercures français, à commencer par le Mercure galant, permet ensuite de comprendre l’évolution progressive du critique mondain : confronté tantôt à la figure du censeur qui sert de repoussoir, tantôt à la problématique de l’intérêt personnel et de la publicité, le critique défend d’abord la spécificité de sa voix et la valeur de ses remarques par l’adoption d’un comportement civil et mondain, se définissant ainsi ultimement comme un acteur social. Les Mercures qui succèdent au premier Mercure galant viennent par ailleurs montrer que, très rapidement, la figure du critique cherche à se dissocier de celle de l’auteur et que les rédacteurs mettent l’accent sur la nécessité d’adopter un ton neutre. Une vue d’ensemble de ce corpus fait clairement ressortir le fait que les débuts de la presse mondaine témoignent d’un glissement progressif entre pratique littéraire et communication médiatique.
« L’ami couronné », ou le roi de Pologne lecteur de la Correspondance littéraire de Grimm
Authors: Caron Mélinda
Published: June 2021

Témoins des liens inextricables s’étant établis entre la Correspondance littéraire et les correspondances particulières qui en accompagnaient l’expédition, les lettres de Friedrich Melchior Grimm et du roi Stanislas‑Auguste Poniatowski constituent un ensemble tout désigné pour approcher la figure du lecteur auquel ces feuilles étaient adressées. Leur relation épistolaire révèle la complexité d’un ethos princier idéalisé, modulé par la figure mouvante des abonnés et construit dans une dynamique dialectique avec celui du rédacteur. À la fois représentatif de la manière dont Grimm nouait des liens avec ses pratiques et riche des rétroactions du lecteur de Varsovie, cet ensemble permet d’interroger l’efficace des représentations amicales déployées dans le périodique et laisse apprécier les talents d’équilibriste d’un correspondant qui, malgré des critiques et des refus susceptibles de déplaire au roi de Pologne, aura rencontré chez ce dernier, plus qu’un lecteur complice, un « ami couronné ».
Correspondance littéraire
Authors: Duranton Henri
Published: June 2021

Forme originale de la communication lettrée, née à la fin du premier tiers du xviiie siècle, la « correspondance littéraire » peut se définir comme l’envoi régulier, sous forme de lettres manuscrites, de la chronique des activités culturelles du moment à Paris. Le destinataire, qui paie fort cher cette prestation, est presque toujours une tête couronnée de l’espace germanique, ce qui est un éloquent témoignage de la fascination qu’exerce alors la culture française sur l’élite européenne. Malgré de nombreux points communs, la « correspondance littéraire » diffère de la correspondance érudite de l’époque humaniste dont elle est héritière, autant que du journalisme littéraire qui prolifère au même moment, et des « nouvelles à la main » à contenu proprement politique. Concevable uniquement dans l’univers culturel de la France d’Ancien Régime, elle partagera son sort et disparaîtra à l’orée de la Révolution, après avoir connu un vif succès pendant un demi-siècle.
La bibliothèque de Maurice Duplessis, le non‑lecteur1
Authors: Livernois Jonathan , Noël2 Alex
Published: June 2021

Cette étude cherche à mieux cerner les rapports entre les champs littéraire et politique au Québec durant la première moitié du xxe siècle, et ce, par le truchement d’une analyse de la bibliothèque personnelle de Maurice Duplessis, premier ministre du Québec (1936‑1939; 1944‑1959). Si cette bibliothèque témoigne des goûts d’un bourgeois conservateur, elle permet du même souffle de comprendre que l’institution littéraire ne s’est pas nécessairement construite en porte‑à‑faux avec les politiques de l’Union nationale et le premier ministre lui‑même. En outre, les choix littéraires de Maurice Duplessis semblent révéler des tensions entre modernité et tradition, épousant en quelque sorte celles qui ont structuré son exercice du pouvoir.
WHEN POPULISTS GOVERN: THE CASE OF ECONOMIC AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: ̌Turanjanin Veljko , ̌Mihajlovic Borkó
Published: June 2021

The main subject of this paper is the analysis of certain communication methods and concrete measures of leading politicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina that seems to be populist and/or demagogic. In the introductory part of the paper, the authors provide a short overview of the current political situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the main part, the authors strive to present examples of populist or demagogic behavior of political leaders in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the fields of economic policy and criminal justice policy, which have been chosen as relevant areas of research. Finally, the authors in their concluding remarks provide a list of recommendations that could improve the entire process of creating and establishing policies in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
ROMI U PRAKSI EVROPSKOG SUDA ZA LjUDSKA PRAVA – PRIMJENA ČLANA 8 KONVENCIJE
Authors: ̌Jovanovic Milan , ̌Dimovski Darko
Published: June 2021

Predmet analize autora je kršenje prava na poštovanje privatnog i porodičnog života, doma i prepiske, garantovanog članom 8 Evropske konvencije o zaštiti ljudskih prava i osnovnih sloboda (u daljem tekstu: „Konvencija“), u praksi Evropskog suda za ljudska prava (u daljem tekstu: „Sud“), u predmetima u kojima se kao žrtve javljaju lica romske nacionalnosti ili romskog porijekla. Značaj analize postupanja država protivno članu 8 Konvencije ogleda se u raznorodnosti prava garantovanih ovim članom, kao i u šarenolikosti životnih okolnosti koje dovode stranke pred Evropski sud za ljudska prava. Predmet analize autora jesu modaliteti kršenja ovog prava, sa posebnim osvrtom na slučajeve prisilnih sterilizacija Romkinja, oduzimanja djece i uskraćivanja roditeljskog prava roditeljima romske nacionalnosti, iseljenja i druge slučajeve koji se pretežno karakteristični za romsku zajednicu.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION OF PROPOLIS ON SELECTED BACTERIAL REFERENCE STRAINS
Authors: GOLIĆ́ Bojan , KALABÁ Vesna , ILIĆ́ Tanja , KALABÁ Dragana , ZRNIĆ́ Nina
Published: June 2021

Propolis alcoholic tincture is most commonly used propolis product on the market for the treatment of minor infections in the oral cavity; angina, some skin diseases etc. As propolis is still an unofficial drug in pharmacies, we tested its antimicrobial activity using a disk-diffusion test on six reference bacterial species-Salmonella Enterica WDCM 00030, Salmonella typhimurium WDCM 00031, Listeria monocytogenes WDCM 00020, Staphylococcus aureus WDCM 00032, Escherichia coli WDCM 00013 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa WDCM 00024. The aim of this paper was to examine the antibacterial action of alcoholic solution of propolis on reference bacterial cultures and to determine the type of action. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the bacterial strains of Salmonella Enteritidis WDCM 00030, Salmonella Typhimurium WDCM 00031, Listeria monocytogenes WDCM 00020, Staphylococcus aureus WDCM 00032 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa WDCM 00024 are highly sensitive to the action of propolis alcoholic tincture.
TREATMENT OF HOCK JOINT FRACTURES IN A DOG - CASE RAPORT
Authors: PARAŠ́ Goran , PARAŠ́ Smiljana , LUKAČ́ Bojan , VITKOVIĆ́ Ognjen , ČEGAŔ Igor
Published: June 2021

The techniques of stabilizing the fracture of the hock joint fractures in a dog are developed in order to ensure the reposition and stabilization of the limbs. In our case, after a clinical examination, RTG analysis of the broken joint and assessment of the general condition of the dog, a surgical procedure was selected. In the dissociative anesthesia, with minimal tissue damage, the reposition of dislocated joint surfaces was made. The traumatized joint was reponated and fixed with cortical screws interconnected by cerclage wire. Screws provide the required stability of the talotibial joint surfaces. In the postoperative period, analgesic and antibiotic therapy was used, and fixation of the treated fracture of the hock joint was done. Also, recommendations and advice for postoperative treatment of a dog in home conditions were given to the owner. After forty days a surgery was performed in order to extract the cortical screws and cerclage wires, according to the standard procedure. In our case, after a complete and successful repair of the fracture, the dog recovered after two months and did not have symptoms of lameness. The results of successful surgical treatment were the reason to show this case as study report, in order to provide an alternative solution or advice to colleagues who could encounter similar fracture in small animal practice.