bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enabling Blockchain Services for IoE with Zk-Rollups
Authors: Lavaur Thomas , Lacan Jérôme , Chanel Caroline P. C.
Published: August 2022

The Internet of Things includes all connected objects from small embedded systems with low computational power and storage capacities to efficient ones, as well as moving objects like drones and autonomous vehicles. The concept of Internet of Everything expands upon this idea by adding people, data and processing. The adoption of such systems is exploding and becoming ever more significant, bringing with it questions related to the security and the privacy of these objects. A natural solution to data integrity, confidentiality and single point of failure vulnerability is the use of blockchains. Blockchains can be used as an immutable data layer for storing information, avoiding single point of failure vulnerability via decentralization and providing strong security and cryptographic tools for IoE. However, the adoption of blockchain technology in such heterogeneous systems containing light devices presents several challenges and practical issues that need to be overcome. Indeed, most of the solutions proposed to adapt blockchains to devices with low resources confront difficulty in maintaining decentralization or security. The most interesting are probably the Layer 2 solutions, which build offchain systems strongly connected to the blockchain. Among these, zk-rollup is a promising new generation of Layer 2/off-chain schemes that can remove the last obstacles to blockchain adoption in IoT, or more generally, in IoE. By increasing the scalability and enabling rule customization while preserving the same security as the Layer 1 blockchain, zk-rollups overcome restrictions on the use of blockchains for IoE. Despite their promises illustrated by recent systems proposed by startups and private companies, very few scientific publications explaining or applying this barely-known technology have been published, especially for non-financial systems. In this context, the objective of our paper is to fill this gap for IoE systems in two steps. We first propose a synthetic review of recent proposals to improve scalability including onchain (consensus, blockchain organization, …) and offchain (sidechain, rollups) solutions and we demonstrate that zk-rollups are the most promising ones. In a second step, we focus on IoE by describing several interesting features (scalability, dynamicity, data management, …) that are illustrated with various general IoE use cases.
Attention 3D U-Net with Multiple Skip Connections for Segmentation of Brain Tumor Images
Authors: Nodirov Jakhongir , Abdusalomov Akmalbek Bobomirzaevich , Whangbo Taeg Keun
Published: August 2022

Among researchers using traditional and new machine learning and deep learning techniques, 2D medical image segmentation models are popular. Additionally, 3D volumetric data recently became more accessible, as a result of the high number of studies conducted in recent years regarding the creation of 3D volumes. Using these 3D data, researchers have begun conducting research on creating 3D segmentation models, such as brain tumor segmentation and classification. Since a higher number of crucial features can be extracted using 3D data than 2D data, 3D brain tumor detection models have increased in popularity among researchers. Until now, various significant research works have focused on the 3D version of the U-Net and other popular models, such as 3D U-Net and V-Net, while doing superior research works. In this study, we used 3D brain image data and created a new architecture based on a 3D U-Net model that uses multiple skip connections with cost-efficient pretrained 3D MobileNetV2 blocks and attention modules. These pretrained MobileNetV2 blocks assist our architecture by providing smaller parameters to maintain operable model size in terms of our computational capability and help the model to converge faster. We added additional skip connections between the encoder and decoder blocks to ease the exchange of extracted features between the two blocks, which resulted in the maximum use of the features. We also used attention modules to filter out irrelevant features coming through the skip connections and, thus, preserved more computational power while achieving improved accuracy.
Unsupervised Anomaly Detection Applied to Φ-OTDR
Authors: Almudévar Antonio , Sevillano Pascual , Vicente Luis , Preciado-Garbayo Javier , Ortega Alfonso
Published: August 2022

Distributed acoustic sensors (DASs) based on direct-detection Φ-OTDR use the light–matter interaction between light pulses and optical fiber to detect mechanical events in the fiber environment. The signals received in Φ-OTDR come from the coherent interference of the portion of the fiber illuminated by the light pulse. Its high sensitivity to minute phase changes in the fiber results in a severe reduction in the signal to noise ratio in the intensity trace that demands processing techniques be able to isolate events. For this purpose, this paper proposes a method based on Unsupervised Anomaly Detection techniques which make use of concepts from the field of deep learning and allow the removal of much of the noise from the Φ-OTDR signals. The fact that this method is unsupervised means that no human-labeled data are needed for training and only event-free data are used for this purpose. Moreover, this method has been implemented and its performance has been tested with real data showing promising results.
Antiproliferative Effect of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw., cv. Madre Negra Extracts on Breast Cancer In Vitro
Authors: Cadena-Iñiguez Jorge , Aguiñiga-Sánchez Itzen , Uriostegui-Arias María Teresa , Santiago-Osorio Edelmiro , Ruiz-Posadas Lucero del Mar , Soto-Hernández Marcos
Published: August 2022

Sechium edule shows a wide biological diversity. Hybrids and varieties of Sechium edule have been created, producing fruits of different shapes, sizes, colors, tastes, and textures. These hybrids and varieties have been used as food and in traditional medicine. In this research, the antiproliferative activity of the Madre Negra™ genotype of Sechium edule var. amarus silvestrys on the MCF7 breast cancer cell line was assessed. Different extracts in hexane, methanol, and dichloromethane were obtained to perform a bio-guided study. The dichloromethane extract showed the largest significant inhibitory activity (p < 0.05). This extract was separated into 92 fractions, which were reduced to eight fractions by chromogenic identity. Of the eight fractions, two recorded significant antiproliferative activity (p < 0.05) on MCF7, an even higher activity than the total extract. The active metabolites were identified as flavonoids, tannins, and terpenes, of which cucurbitacins I, B, D, and E stood out. The present paper can be considered as preliminary results of our research work.
Celebrating Thirty Years of Inclusive Research
Authors: Garratt Danielle , Johnson Kelley , Millear Amanda , Picken Shaun , Slattery Janice , Walmsley Jan
Published: August 2022

Inclusive research has been an important way of increasing the understanding of the lives and issues of people with intellectual (learning) disabilities for 30 years. Three authors of this paper, Amanda, J and Kelley, are Australian and have been conducting inclusive research for much of this time. The other three, Danielle, Shaun and Jan, are English. Jan has been doing it for a long time, while the others are relatively new to it. In this paper, we explore together what inclusive research has achieved in its original aims of supporting people with intellectual (learning) disabilities to have a heard voice and in working towards changing attitudes, policies and practices in relation to supporting them to lead good lives. Fundamental to achieving these aims was the need for active participation by people with intellectual (learning) disabilities in conducting research relevant to them. We record what we have done, how we did it and why it was important to do this work together. We focus on what inclusive research has meant to us and how it has been used to get positive change for people with intellectual disabilities. We end with a summary of what we think inclusive research can achieve and where we think it needs to go next.
Fitness Trainers’ Educational Qualification and Experience and Its Association with Their Trainees’ Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ahmed Sohel , Rashid Mamunur , Sarkar Abu-sufian , Islam Mohammad Jahirul , Akter Rahemun , Rahman Masudur , Islam Shahana , Sheel Devjanee , Polash Sarwar Alam , Akter Mahfuza , Afride Shayed , Kader Manzur
Published: August 2022

This is a cross-sectional study that examined the association between fitness trainers’ educational qualifications and experience, and the risk of their trainees’ musculoskeletal pain. The study included 1177 trainees (aged 15–60 years) from 74 fitness centers in Bangladesh. Data were collected by using the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, including potential confounders such as demographic factors (e.g., age, occupation), and training-related factors (e.g., workout knowledge, overweight lifting). Multiple logistic regression was performed for a binary outcome (pain—yes or no), and a generalized linear model was fitted for the ordinal outcome (pain—sites of the body). The trainers’ lower experience (no or ≤1 year) was associated with higher odds of their trainees’ musculoskeletal pain (OR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.18–5.44) compared to trainers with >5 years of experience; however, no association was found between the trainers’ education and the risk of their trainees’ musculoskeletal pain, after controlling for potential confounders. Similarly, the trainees trained by trainers with lower experience had more than two-time the risk of having pain in different sites (IRR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.50–2.79). The trainers’ experience may play a pivotal role in the trainees’ musculoskeletal pain. Further study is warranted in this regard.
A Review of Clean Energy Exploitation for Railway Transportation Systems and Its Enlightenment to China
Authors: Teng Jing , Li Longkai , Jiang Yajun , Shi Ruifeng
Published: August 2022

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), China’s rail system will become fully electrified by 2050. However, in some remote areas with a weak power grid connection, the promise of an electrified railway will be hard to achieve. By replacing conventional fuels with clean and environmentally-friendly energy, overall carbon emissions would be significantly reduced, contributing to the fulfillment of the carbon-neutral commitment. This study reviews clean energy exploitation in the railway transportation system and the distribution of renewable energy sources along the railway lines of China. The evaluation results show that China has huge energy potential. In terms of photovoltaics alone, the annual power generation of China’s high-speed railway is about 170 TWh, meaning that the energy self-consistency rate for high-speed railway can reach 284.84%. Efficient exploitation of clean energy sources for China’s railway transportation system would effectively mitigate anxieties surrounding energy shortages.
Development of Green Supermarket Evaluation Model Based on Green Process and Green Output—Case of Bangkok City
Authors: Vipusanapat Ittipat , Ratanatamskul Chavalit , Chandrachai Achara
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to develop a green supermarket evaluation model based on a green process and green output to provide empirical evidence on the model’s relationship with the green process, green output, and green supermarket. To this end, the study combined data from a survey of one store manager, one facility manager, and three assistant store managers from each of the 190 supermarket branches in Bangkok, Thailand with data from an in-depth interview of a sample group of green supermarket management specialists. The green supermarket evaluation model is divided into three levels, two elements (green process and green output), nine major indicators for green supermarket evaluation, and one hundred one sub-indicators for green supermarket evaluation, according to the findings. The five major indicators of the green process are green procurement, green storage, green service, green transportation and green environmental and energy management system, while the four major indicators of green output are social performance, environmental performance, economic performance, and organization image performance. In addition, the sub-indicator details were also identified for this evaluation model.
Ganodiesel: A New Biodiesel Feedstock from Biomass of the Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Mohamad Jahis Besek Mariam , Ilham Zul , Supramani Sugenendran , Sohedein Mohamad Nor Azzimi , Ibrahim Mohamad Faizal , Abd-Aziz Suraini , Rowan Neil , Wan-Mohtar Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad
Published: August 2022

There is a pressing demand for new sustainable eco-friendly approaches to producing green energy worldwide. This study represents the novel production of biodiesel feedstock from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum QRS 5120 using state-of-the-art biotechnology tools. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to enhance G. lucidum production in a repeated-batch fermentation strategy. By referring to the broth replacement ratio (BRR) and broth replacement time point (BRTP), RSM that was formulated using a central composite design (CCD) resulted in a significant model for all tested variables, which are exopolysaccharide (EPS), endopolysaccharide (ENS) and biomass, with BRR (%) of 60, 75 and 90, and BRTP (days) of 11, 13 and 15. The model was validated using the optimised conditions, and the results showed 4.21 g/L of EPS (BRR 77.46% and BRTP 12 days), 2.44 g/L of ENS (BRR 60% and BRTP 12.85 days), and 34.32 g/L of biomass (BRR 89.52% and BRTP 10.96 days) were produced. Biomass produced from the G. lucidum was subsequently used as feedstock for biodiesel production. Approximately 20.36% of lipid was successfully extracted from the dried G. lucidum biomass via a solvent extraction and subsequently converted to Ganodiesel through a transesterification process. The Ganodiesel produced fulfilled most of the international standards, i.e., US (ASTM D6751-08) and EU (EN 14214). Overall, this study demonstrates the optimised G. lucidum production and its lipid production as a new biodiesel feedstock.
Surface Properties and Biological Activities on Bacteria Cells by Biobased Surfactants for Antifouling Applications
Authors: da Silva Maria da Gloria C. , da Silva Maria Eduarda P. , de Medeiros Anderson O. , Meira Hugo M. , Sarubbo Leonie A.
Published: August 2022

Microfouling is the deposition of inorganic and organic material on surfaces and can cause economic losses. This deposition affects the performance of vessels, causes corrosion, clogging of equipment and contaminates the surfaces of medical items and the surface of machinery that handles food; it is controlled by cleaning products that contain synthetic surfactants in their formulations. Biobased products provide a promising basis to produce sustainable chemicals such as surfactants. In the present study, the biobased surfactants glyceryl laurate and hydroxystearic acid were synthesized and evaluated for stability at different pH values, salinity and temperatures. In addition, bioactivity tests against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (UCP 0992) and Bacillus cereus (UCP 1516) were also performed. Biobased surfactants glyceryl laurate and hydroxystearic acid showed excellent stability against temperature, pH, salinity and emulsifying activities for different kinds of oils; prevented bacterial adhesion by almost 100%; and affected the production of EPS by both bacteria and their consortium when compared to a synthetic surfactant SDS. The results showed the potential of these substances for application as an alternative antifouling non-biocide.
Rejection as a form of social exclusion
Authors: Semenova Galina V. , Kichigina Olga An.
Published: August 2022

The article presents the study results of the rejection in interpersonal relationships in the social exclusion ideas context. The empirical study involved 51 people. The results, carried out using qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis, demonstrate the characteristic perception of rejection as a process. The rejection trigger is the discovery of otherness and / or inadequacy with the interaction partner. This is expressed in the mismatch of values, attitudes, person’s expectations; in the awareness of the reciprocity absence; in inattention to the partner, in ignoring its interests. The rejection experience is accompanied by feelings of resentment, loneliness, other negative emotions, as well as a search for the meaning of what is happening. Adaptation to a situation of rejection presupposes acceptance or reciprocal rejection, which leads to the final break in communication with the partner of interpersonal relations, to the loss of psychological resources, to the significant social needs’ deprivation. It is shown that lonely adults are much less likely to describe the rejection process as a way to accept the diversity of the world and interpersonal relationships’ variability. Understanding rejection as a social exclusion form gives a possibility for building psychotherapeutic work with people who reject interpersonal relationships.
Influence of sibling relationships on coping behaviour in adolescence
Authors: Tsirulnikova Elena A. , Shvarts Tatiana S.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the topical issue of the influence of one of the family aspects on coping behaviour in adolescence. The work is a theoretical analysis of the concept of coping (getting-along) behaviour, and it also includes a description of the adolescent period. The article also contains empirical results of the study devoted to identifying the influence of sibling relationships on the coping style of adolescents. The main task solved in the work was to prove the hypothesis that sibling relationships have a direct impact on coping behaviour in adolescence. In a theoretical analysis of the issue, the authors note the presence of different points of view on the very concept of coping and its classification, however, the concept of Tat’yana Kryukova was taken as a basis. Analysing the material on the significant role of the family in the formation of coping in adolescents, the attention of the researchers was drawn to the position of sibling relations in this process. The study included a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the relationship between aspects of sibling relationships (empathy, support, similarity, coercion) and coping styles (problem-oriented, subject-oriented, and socially-oriented), as well as an analysis of the specifics of this relationship. The article consists of a description of topicality of the issue, a statement of the problem, a theoretical analysis of the studied concepts, a description of the research results, visual presentation of the said, and interpretation. In a brief conclusion, a description of the resulting picture is given as a whole and a conclusion is made about the correctness of the hypothesis.
Emotional and evaluative characteristics of mother's self-perception in the context of intensive parenthood
Authors: Misiyk Yulia V.
Published: August 2022

The article presents the results of the emotional and evaluative characteristics of women's self-perception in the context of intensive motherhood. Such characteristics as satisfaction with the parental role and satisfaction with motherhood were studied. A total of 143 women aged 20 to 53 years (M = 36.62, SD = 6.03) with 1-4 children participated in the study (M = 1.86, SD = 0.74). Methods included: Intensive Parenting Attitudes Questionnaire (IPAQ) (Liss M., Schiffrin H.H., Mackintosh V.H., Miles-McLean H., Erchull M.J., 2013); ‟Parent Satisfaction Scale” (‟Parent Satisfaction Scale”, C.F. Halverson, H.P. Duke, 1991), adaptation of Yelena Kuftyak (2006); motherhood satisfaction questionnaire (Yelena Zakharova, 2012). We revealed numerous positive links between the indicators of satisfaction and the settings of intensive parenting. High expression of intensive parenting attitudes is accompanied by a higher level of satisfaction with the role of a parent, recognition of its high significance and importance, and it reflects a positive attitude of women to child-parent relationships, a high assessment of the success of the child's development and implementation of their maternal functions.
Oskarżeni o współpracę z bolszewikami i działalność komunistyczną przed siedleckim Sądem Okręgowym w latach 1918-1939
Authors: SOWIŃSKA Danuta
Published: August 2022

Interwar period in Poland was full of many phenomena, which are elements of the development of the new state. Among them was also condemn those that interfere destructively on the general public, and even were the factors threatening the sovereignty of the newly liberated country. In the former Polish Kingdom, attention is the problem of Polish citizens cooperate with the Bolsheviks during the 1920 war phenomenon is met with strong opposition of the broad masses of society and special interest of justice. The case list the Criminal Division of the District Court of Siedlce, early 20s Twentieth century, was the site of many processes, accused of favoring the Bolsheviks, against the Polish state. Each of the pending issues here, reveals another reason to establish this collaboration. Frequently it was the fear, the defendants rarely reveal ideological reasons. With time, these processes took place Lawsuits brought accused of belonging to a communist organization. Although the scale of their operations within the jurisdiction of the District Court of Siedlce was not large, it is especially in the early 30s became prominent among the workers and artisans. Also carried out active propaganda among young people, with an affected by unemployment and lack of prospects. Their goal was to overthrow the existing regime and take power in Poland. Therefore, any Communist activity, increase its vigilance of law enforcement and justice.
Nieco o sowieckiej scenie politycznej na podstawie raportów z polskiej placówki dyplomatycznej w Moskwie (1921 - 1939). Przyczynek do badań nad korpusem urzędniczym Ministerstwa Spraw Zagranicznych II RP
Authors: KRUSZYŃSKI Marcin
Published: August 2022

There are numerous monographs pertaining to the Second Republic`s political and military relations with Soviet Union. However, diplomatic mission in Moscow always stayed in the background. Polish diplomatic post in Moscow played an essential role in the structure of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs during interwar period. It was a result of attaching great significance to relationships between Warsaw and the Soviet Union. But the article presents only selected aspects of the Polish mission activity in Moscow in 1921–1939. Apart from presenting profiles of some diplomats and examining their competence, the author made an attempt to characterize reports on the situation in soviet political scene in Moscow.
Potensi Likuifaksi Pasir Seragam Berdasarkan Tegangan Air Pori Dan Ukuran Butiran (Laboratory Model)
Authors: Risayanti  , Abdul Hakam
Published: August 2022

Analisis untuk mengetahui potensi likuifaksi pada suatu deposit tanah dapat dilakukan melalui parameter tanah seperti ukuran butiran dan tekanan air pori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku tanah pasir seragam terhadap kenaikan tekanan air pori akibat beban siklik serta potensinya terhadap likuifaksi akibat dari perubahan tekanan air pori tersebut. Sample yang diujikan adalah pasir seragam yang tertahan pada saringan #20, #40, #60, #100 dan #200 yang diambil dari uji ayakan, kemudian masing-masing sampel yang dalam kondisi jenuh dimasukkan dalam alat pengujian.  Dari pengujian yang dilakukan pada pasir seragam dengan beberapa variasi ukuran butiran tanah diketahui bahwa saat beban siklik diberikan kenaikan tekanan air pori berbeda pada masing-masing ukuran butiran tanah. Perubahan tekanan air pori terbesar terjadi pada sampel pasir seragam berbutir halus yaitu tertahan pada saringan #100 dan #200 dengan perubahan sebesar 0,28 kg/cm2 dan 0,27 kg/cm2. Meningkatnya tekanan air pori tentu disertai dengan penurunan tegangan efektif tanah. Maka dapat diketahui bahwa sampel pasir seragam berbutir halus lebih berpotensi terjadinya likuifaksi yaitu sampel yang tertahan pada saringan #100 dengan pengurangan tegangan efektif 91,19% dan #200 dengan pengurangan tegangan efektif 89,66%. Sampel pasir seragam yang tertahan pada saringan #60 memiliki potensi likuifaksi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sampel yang berukuran lebih halus karena mengalami pengurangan tegangan efektif 58,47%, namun memiliki kecenderungan perubahan tekanan air pori yang cukup besar. Sampel pasir seragam yang tertahan pada saringan #20 dan #40, tidak memiliki potensi terhadap likuifaksi selama pengujian dilakukan. Tegangan efektif pada sampel ini berkurang sebesar 18,46% dan 32,31%.
CRUZAS DE POBLACIONES NATIVAS DE MAÍZ DE LA RAZA CHALQUEÑO: II. GRUPOS GENÉTICOS, DIVERGENCIA GENÉTICA Y HETEROSIS
Authors: Romero-Peñaloza Jorge , Castillo-González Fernando , Ortega-Paczka Rafael
Published: August 2022

Dentro de la raza Chalqueño de maíz se pueden reconocer diferentes grupos genéticos regionales (GGR) principalmente con base en su origen geográfico y características de grano. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el comportamiento agronómico de esos GGR y su heterosis, así como las relaciones entre la heterosis y la divergencia genética. Cuarenta y nueve poblaciones nativas sobresalientes de Chalqueño, agrupadas en 12 GGR y once de razas cercanas, se cruzaron con tres probadores de esta misma raza (VS-22, Méx-301 y Prob-3). Las 111 cruzas intervarietales obtenidas y sus progenitores fueron evaluadas en 1998 en dos ambientes. La heterosis estuvo asociada con la divergencia genética. En orden decreciente la heterosis con el grupo de probadores fue como sigue: GGR Oaxaca (Cajete), Razas cercanas a Chalqueño, Durango-Zacatecas, Michoacán I (Bajío) e Hidalgo; con los GGR restantes en promedio no hubo heterosis. La divergencia genética dentro de la raza Chalqueño se explicó como respuesta al proceso de selección bajo diferentes condiciones naturales, agronómicas, para distintos usos, así como también por infiltración genética de otras razas.
EFECTO DE LA SELECCIÓN MASAL VISUAL RECURRENTE PARA RENDIMIENTO SOBRE LA RESISTENCIA DE PLANTA ADULTA A ROYA LINEAL AMARILLA Y ROYA DE LA HOJA EN TRIGO
Authors: Solís-Moya Ernesto , Molina-Galán José D. , Villaseñor-Mir Héctor Eduardo , Sandoval-Islas José Sergio
Published: August 2022

El desarrollo de variedades de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) debe considerar, además de alta capacidad de rendimiento, otros caracteres importantes como la resistencia genética a enfermedades. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar en trigo harinero la resistencia de planta adulta a roya lineal (Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici Wensted.) y a roya de la hoja (Puccinia recondita Rob. Ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici), en familias F5 provenientes de siete ciclos de selección recurrente para rendimiento de grano, con incidencia natural de la enfermedad. Se establecieron cuatro experimentos en el Campo Experimental Bajío, ubicado en Celaya Gto., México; dos fechas de siembra en el ciclo otoño - invierno 1998-99 para evaluar resistencia a roya lineal, y dos fechas de siembra en el ciclo primavera - verano 1999 para evaluar resistencia a roya de la hoja. Sólo se inoculó a la variedad Moroco para roya lineal con la raza que ataca al gene Yr9, y para roya de la hoja con la raza MCJ/SP. Los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación indican que cuando se practica selección recurrente para rendimiento de grano, no hay avance genético para algunos caracteres no seleccionados, como la resistencia a la roya lineal amarilla y a la roya de la hoja. Por lo tanto, se sugiere considerar la práctica de inocular artificialmente para estas enfermedades cuando se hace mejoramiento en trigo con el objetivo de formar variedades comerciales.
Diversidad de la entomofauna asociada a diferentes cultivos en parcelas colindantes en el departamento del Cesar, Colombia
Authors: Sierra-Baquero Paola Vanessa , Sánchez Tatiana , Rubiano-Rodríguez José Antonio
Published: August 2022

Las hortalizas son alimentos de consumo básico y fuente importante de nutrientes para la salud. En Colombia los problemas fitosanitarios limitan el rendimiento y competitividad en mercados internacionales. Con el objetivo evaluar la diversidad de la entomofauna asociada en cinco cultivos colindantes como ahuyama, berenjena y dos especies de frijol en el departamento del Cesar en Colombia. En la zona de estudio se realizaron muestreos y colectas quincenales en los sistemas hortícolas durante agosto a octubre de 2017. Se analizaron las abundancias e índices de diversidad de Shannon y Simpson por familia y género. También se tipificaron los grupos funcionales (fitófagos y controladores biológicos) de los géneros. Los órdenes más abundantes fueron Hemiptera, seguido de Coleoptera e Hymenoptera. El cultivo de ají presentó la mayor abundancia de insectos (P = 0,6275) y mayor e igual dominancia en diversidad de familia y género según el índice Simpson (D=0,34). Frijol caupí presentó mayor riqueza y diversidad de familias según el índice de Shannon (H´=2,32) y género (H´=2,72) respectivamente, mientras que la familia con mayor abundancia fue Cicadellidae en los cultivos de ají y frijol rosado, y ahuyama presentó mayor diferencia entre las familias muestreadas y las previstas (Chao1=21). Los géneros más abundantes fueron Systena sp. (Chrysomelidae) en ahuyama, Solenopsis sp. (Formicidae) en berenjena, Cicadella sp. (Cicadellidae) en ají y frijol rosado. El mayor porcentaje de fitófagos se presentó en ahuyama y el mayor de depredadores en berenjena. La abundancia de entomofauna fue similar en los diferentes cultivos evaluados, debido a la colindancia que había entre ellos, destacándose las familias Cicadellidae, Chrysomelidae y Carabidae.
The War in Ukraine: Implications for the Africa-Europe Peace and Security Partnership
Authors: Shiferaw Lidet Tadesse , Hauck Volker
Published: August 2022

This paper discusses the war in Ukraine and what the EU’s increasing preoccupation with it means for the EU-Africa peace and security partnership. It does this from the angle of a new EU funding mechanism, the European Peace Facility (EPF), which is a €5.6 billion fund that came into effect in March 2021 to support conflict management and international security during the EU’s seven-year budget period (2021 to 2027). The facility funds a variety of activities globally and—for the first time in the EU’s history— provides a legal basis for the EU to provide not only technical and material support but also lethal weapons to partner countries. As of May 2022, the EU has pledged to provide €2 billion to support Ukraine’s armed forces aside from the unprecedented economic sanctions the EU has imposed on Russia. The creation of the EPF is inspired by the EU’s ambitious Global Strategy of 2016 (EEAS 2016) and the preceding policy discourse between the EU and its member states on making the EU a “global player” and not just a “global payer”. This shift is partly a response to the emerging international geopolitical order in which the EU feels the need to assert itself and defend its interests globally. This marks a radical paradigm shift in EU foreign policy. The paper argues that the EU’s evolving foreign policy and its unforeseen use of EPF funds in Ukraine have at least two implications for Africa. First, the use of the EPF in Ukraine raises questions about the availability of funds for African peace support operations, which the EU has been supporting for some years. It raises also questions about the way Europe and Africa will decide about funding African security priorities. The EPF allows the transferring of funds and equipment to partner countries or regional coalitions directly, without the need to go through established regional organisations like the AU. Second, the EU’s changing security interests and geopolitical ambitions as well as Africa’s aspirations to find its place in the new global order could alter the dynamics of the EU-Africa peace and security partnership. While the EU remains an important economic and security actor in Africa—at the bilateral and continental levels—the EU-Africa partnership struggles to thrive and go beyond money to live up to its full potential. To meet their own aspirations, the paper argues that the AU and its member states will have to work harder to reduce their financial, security and economic dependence on non-African states. The AU and its member states will also have to avoid getting trapped in geopolitical confrontations between “the east” and “the west”. At the same time, they need to summon the political leadership the continent needs to prevent and manage internal political crises and conflicts on the continent while reducing interference from different international partners.
The Untamed Impact of a Faraway Shock: Africa and the War in Ukraine
Authors: Lopes Carlos
Published: August 2022

The combinations of multiple disruptors in the world economy have now been reinforced by the return — through the front door — of the warmongering behaviour of the great powers. This is arguably to defend geostrategic interests. The consequences for Africa are brutal. After a decade and a half of considerable progress in its macroeconomic management and social indicators, halted first by the 2008–2009 global financial crisis and now by the impact of the pandemic, the continent was at the limit of its capacity when, in February, Russian troops entered Ukraine. A finer analysis allows us to discern that Africa is simultaneously experiencing a moment of great convergence and one of divergence. The convergence is verifiable at the level of opinions and the construction of defensive positions in relation to global actors, while the divergences are related to the end of a certain notion of globalisation that is likely to deeply affect the continent. Africans’ choices in the international arena have become more limited, although that may eventually create the opportunity for a more courageous attitude.
Alemania y la crisis de refugiados. La identidad nacional alemana reflejada en el liderazgo de Ángela Merkel
Authors: Bourbotte Camila
Published: August 2022

En 2015, la denominada “crisis de refugiados” alcanzó su punto más crítico cuando miles de personas huyeron de sus países de origen y se dirigieron, entre otros destinos, al continente europeo en busca de protección internacional. Sin embargo, los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea se caracterizaron por llevar a cabo una política anti migratoria. En este contexto, Angela Merkel destacó que Alemania tenía la “responsabilidad humanitaria” de ayudar a los refugiados, manifestando, a través de la política exterior, la imagen del Estado como un importante “país de inmigración”. El liderazgo de la canciller y su propio estilo diplomático contribuyeron al desarrollo de una política más acogedora respecto a aquellas personas necesitadas de refugio. Pero también a manifestar una identidad nacional alemana basada en la “diferenciación con su pasado”, que guió una nueva faceta de la política exterior centrada en valores.
Psicología positiva y terapia cognitivo conductual: Diseño, implementación y evaluación de un nuevo protocolo de intervención dirigido a personas que han vivido un evento estresante
Authors: Rincón Paulina , Vázquez Carmelo , García Felipe E. , Rivera Constanza , Bruna Braulio
Published: August 2022

ANTECEDENTES:
Los eventos estresantes pueden provocar consecuencias negativas para la salud mental. Las intervenciones preventivas son escasas y la mayoría se centra en reducir sintomatología.
OBJETIVO:
Desarrollar e implementar de manera piloto un protocolo de intervención breve para prevención de problemas de salud mental en personas expuestas a un evento estresante reciente, con un enfoque Cognitivo Conductual Positivo, así como evaluar su utilidad y aceptabilidad en participantes y terapeutas.
METODO:
Diseño mixto cualitativo-cuantitativo. Se aplicó un programa de cuatro sesiones y se entrevistó a usuarios y terapeutas. Además, se evaluó sintomatología depresiva y postraumática, crecimiento postraumático y bienestar subjetivo en pre, post-intervención y seguimiento.
RESULTADOS:
Se aprecia una valoración positiva de técnicas y material utilizado, así como de las actividades asignadas entre sesiones. Se observó una reducción importante en sintomatología postraumática y depresiva, y un aumento en crecimiento postraumático y satisfacción con la vida.
CONCLUSIONES:
El programa diseñado y evaluado resulta útil para el objetivo propuesto. Se analizan técnicas utilizadas y potencial impacto en usuarios y personas significativas así como su adecuación para los terapeutas.
Violencia en mi relación de pareja. Visualizando vías entre la terapia individual y de pareja
Authors: Ponce Valdivia Freddy Andrés
Published: August 2022

El siguiente trabajo retrata un estudio de caso, a una pareja joven de la ciudad de La Paz. Esta se basa en un enfoque cualitativo con un paradigma interpretativo que busca descifrar la violencia en la dinámica de una relación de pareja e identificar vías para su intervención. Esta por lo tanto es también una investigación descriptiva que en base a un diagnostico especifica características de la violencia mediante metodologías de análisis de caso como el duograma y el conflictograma. En función al diagnóstico fenomenológico realizado se presentara dos vías de intervención una individual y de pareja por lo que se esquematizaran las tareas del psicoterapeuta para estos casos.
Propiedades Psicométricas de la Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) en Estudiantes Ecuatorianos
Authors: Arias Patricio R. , Gordón-Rogel Jorge , Galárraga-Andrade Anabel , García Felipe E.
Published: August 2022

La Ansiedad es uno de los problemas psicológicos más comunes en la población general. La Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) ha sido, desde 1959, una de las medidas más usadas para evaluar los síntomas de ansiedad en diversas poblaciones. En este estudio se planteó evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la HARS en población ecuatoriana. Se trabajó con una muestra no paramétrica de estudiantes universitarios, con una media de edad de 20,23 (DT = 2,06) años, donde el 51% fueron mujeres. Inicialmente se exploraron los factores a través del método de extracción de ejes principales con rotación promax, se encontraron dos factores que explican el 40% de la varianza total acumulada. Luego de obtener la extracción, se procedió a realizar la confirmación de la estructura factorial a través del uso de pruebas robustas (Mínimos Cuadrados Ponderados Robustos), confirmando la solución factorial explorada de dos factores (Ansiedad Psicológica y Ansiedad Somática). La evaluación de la consistencia interna asegura una adecuada relación entre sus reactivos (α = 0,88). Con la evidencia obtenida, se concluye que la HARS es una medida válida para evaluar la ansiedad en estudiantes ecuatorianos.
Píldoras formativas geográficas: climogramas (2). Ejemplo comentado.
Authors: Aguilar Alba Mónica
Published: August 2022

Segunda parte del vídeo polimedia "Climogramas (1). En este video se analiza un climograma de un observatorio utilizando el ejemplo del situado en el aeropuerto de Sevilla. En el video se explica cómo abordar la interpretación de un climograma en el que debe empezarse explicando el entorno geográfico del observatorio, el tipo y subtipo climático al que pertenece para tener marco de referencia para comentar el climograma, y luego se deben interpretar el régimen de precipitaciones y temperatura. El vídeo forma parte de la colección de "píldoras formativas geográficas".
Píldoras formativas geográficas: la huella ecológica. Indicador de sostenibilidad.
Authors: Sancho Royo Fernando
Published: August 2022

El video aborda el concepto de huella ecológica resaltando su importancia. El contenido aborda en primer lugar el contexto y los antecedentes históricos en los que se basa este concepto como el informe de los “límites del Crecimiento” o el concepto de “desarrollo sostenible”. A partir de aquí se e aborda su definición, los principios básicos sobre los que se construye como es el uso de la tierra y los desechos que una comunidad necesita para satisfacer sus necesidades. Finalmente, se comentan ejemplos sobre el cálculo de este indicador para la región de Andalucía, así como las limitaciones del cálculo y aplicación del concepto. El vídeo forma parte de la colección de "píldoras formativas geográficas".
Píldoras formativas geográficas: el paisaje y su interés para la ordenación del territorio.
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Jesús
Published: August 2022

El concepto de paisaje y su utilidad en el contexto de la geografía y la planificación física. En este video se aborda el concepto de paisaje y a la paradoja que existe actualmente en relación a dicho concepto. Se aborda la importancia del Convenio Europeo del Paisaje como marco de referencia en los estudios de paisaje, así como el papel de las herramientas que existen, políticas públicas y e instrumentos de planificación a diferentes escalas, para su protección, regulación y ordenación. El vídeo forma parte de la colección de "píldoras formativas geográficas".
Konjunktives Erfahrungswissen Lehramtsstudierender zu Inklusion
Authors: Viermann Mia
Published: August 2022

Lehrkräfte sind wesentliche Verantwortungsträger*innen für die Realisierung schulischer Inklusion. Der Lehrkräftebildung obliegt es, Studierende aller Lehramtsstudiengänge auf die Annahme der Herausforderung schulischer Inklusion vorzubereiten und Ausbildungsstrukturen sowie -inhalte inklusionsorientiert zu adaptieren. Die vorliegende Studie leistet hierzu einen Beitrag, indem sie aus Gruppendiskussionen mit Studierenden des sonderpädagogischen und des gymnasialen Lehramts rekonstruiert, wie diese Inklusion als Herausforderung der schulischen Handlungspraxis im Verlauf ihres Studiums antizipieren und bearbeiten. Dazu wird untersucht, über welches konjunktive Erfahrungswissen die Studierenden zu Inklusion verfügen, wie sich dieses im Verlauf des Studiums verändert und ob Unterschiede zwischen den Studierenden des sonderpädagogischen und des gymnasialen Lehramts zu rekonstruieren sind.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SUCCESS OF MICRO GRAFTING CLEMENTINE TIMING ON SOUR ORANGE
Authors: Salman Omar N. , Al-Hayany A.M. Abd , Ibrahim Kadhim M.
Published: August 2022

This study was carried out at three locations (Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture, Fields of the College of Agriculture, University of Diyala and one of the private nursery at the city of Baqubah.  The applied experiments included two separate experiments on the scion Mandarin Clementine micro grafted on Sour orange rootstock. The first micro grafting experiment aimed to develop a method of vegetative propagation of Clementine and transferring the micro grafts  from a laboratory to the field and comparing grafting dates (spring, early autumn, late autumn) with the laboratory grafting after treating grafting region with different concentrations of gibberellin (0, 0.3 or 0.4 mg. L-1). The effect of grafting dates on the percentages of success of grafted plants after one month of acclimatization. The experiment was carried out according to completely randomized design (CRD) as a factorial experiment with two factors and three replications for the first one, and as a single factor experiment with three replicates for the second experiment. Results showed a decline in the percentage of success of the grafting and a slight success correlated with increased gibberellin concentration in the aforementioned experiment at early fall grafting. A second field experiment, was conducted with the aim of studying the success of maintained micro propagated plants during summer season and the effect of foliar spray with salicylic acid (0, 200 or 400 mg. L-1) and marine algae extract (0, 5 or 10 g. L-1) on some characteristics of vegetative growth and some chemical characteristics. The experiment was carried out according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), as a factorial experiment with two factors and three replications. No significant effect for both factors was recorded in most vegetative characteristics, while chemical composition was significantly affected caused by the two factors.
MICROPROPAGATION OF GRAPEVINE (VITIS VINIFERA L.) CVS. RED GLOBE AND SUPERIOR
Authors: S. Osama .S.
Published: August 2022

This study was conducted to develop a protocol for micropropagation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars Red globe and Superior by investigating their response to three media Murashige and Skoog (MS), Chee and Pool (C2D), and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) during the establishment stage besides study the impact of four cytokinin types 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 2-isopentyladenine (2iP), kinetin (Kin) and thidiazuron (TDZ) at various concentrations on the shoot multiplication as well as acclimatization of neoformed plantlets on several media. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used and data were analyzed by SASS 9.1. The results revealed that the WPM medium was optimum in terms of shoot length and leaf number (4.00 cm, 5.10) respectively. On the other side, Red globe gave the best results on both C2D and WPM media in average shoot length (4.38, 4.46 cm) and average leaf number (6.00, 5.42) respectively. In the multiplication stage and at 1 mgL-1, BA showed the longest shoot and leaf number (2.3, 6.67) respectively. While kin gave the maximum shoot length with a mean of 3.57 cm. Moreover, BA significantly at 1 mgL-1, 2iP at 2 mg L-1, Kin at 5 mgL-1 , and TDZ at 1 mgL-1 gave the highest values compared to other concentrations. Plantlets acclimatization results revealed that sterilized 1:1:1 (v:v) peatmoss+perlite+sand mix gave the highest survival rate (100.00%) and showed the best vegetative growth.
EFFECT OF NPK AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON YIELD AND SEED OIL CONTENT OF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: S. Shilan H. , Hama Shara J.
Published: August 2022

This  study was conducted at two different research fields (Kanipanka and Qlyasan), at the Kurdistan region of Iraq during winter season (2019- 2020) to investigate the effects of NPK and organic fertilizer application on seed yield and its components, protein, oil content, oil yield, and some fatty acid compositions. The experimental design was a complete block design with three replications. The application of (0.00, 40, 80, and 120 kg NPK ha-1) are the main plots. While three applications of (0.00, 600, 1200 kg organic fertilizer ha-1) for subplots. The 120 kg NPK ha-1 had highest seed and oil yield of 2474.178, and 793.249 kg ha-1, respectively, the average of both locations. The application of 1200 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 gave the maximum seed yield, the oil yield of 2172.642, and 719.463 kg ha-1, respectively, for the average of both locations. Results showed the significant effect of NPK and organic fertilizer applications on the percentage of oleic, linoleic, and stearic acids. The study was proved the significant and highest oil yield when NPK application rate increased from 40 to 120 kg ha-1 and from 600 to 1200 kg organic fertilizer ha-1.