bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social work perplexity: Dissonance, uncertainty, and growth in Kazakhstan
Authors: Chappell Deckert Jennifer , Koenig Terry L
Published: May 2017

Social work pioneer Jane Addams wrote of her experiences living and working with immigrant populations at the Hull-House in Chicago. In her writings, she describes a state of perplexity in which her personal and professional assumptions about the world were transformed through her interactions with that community. Perplexity is a liminal or in-between state of being in professional social work practice settings, which encourages the recognition of uncertainty, honors the dissonance between past assumptions and new understandings, and creates opportunities for meaningful relationships, personal growth, and social reform. This approach employs methods of mutual transformation through individual interpretations of experience, and holistic, critical practice. Our article argues that perplexity offers a useful alternative to social work approaches primarily based in mastery and expertise and is a good fit for the complex and diverse practice situations common to social work. By providing opportunities for truly collaborative understanding, engaging perplexity in social work is an innovative alternative to more linear, cause-and-effect thinking in the field. Specific elements of perplexity are discussed and paired with a case example from social work practice in Kazakhstan with implications for social work practice in other contexts.
What Contributes to Success in MOBA Games? An Empirical Study of Defense of the Ancients 2
Authors: Xia Bang , Wang Huiwen , Zhou Ronggang
Published: May 2017

With the development of computer science and Internet technology, online games have become one of the most important sources of entertainment in daily life. Meanwhile, increasing attention has been paid to top international electronic sports (eSports) tournaments in which competitive pressure is becoming increasingly more serious. Therefore, how to win such games is a problem worth exploring. This article proposes a set of evaluation indicators for testing gameplay in Defense of the Ancients 2, which is a popular multiplayer online game. The analysis shows that the multiplayer killing indicator is an effective predictor of the game result. Furthermore, the evaluation indicators are divided into two categories: operational skills and tactical awareness. The functions of the indicators in each category are discussed. The results show that, for professional eSports teams, tactical awareness affects the multiplayer killing indicator and the game result more so than operational skills.
A case report of lung ultrasound missing a pneumothorax due to patient positioning
Authors: Schrift David , Barron Keith , Wagner Michael , Arya Rohan
Published: May 2017

Lung ultrasound is increasingly utilized as a diagnostic tool for the detection of a pneumothorax. The effect of small changes in patient positioning on the accuracy of lung ultrasound to detect a pneumothorax is not well studied. We present the first known case of lung ultrasound missing a pneumothorax because of suboptimal patient positioning, and discuss the implications of our findings for clinicians that utilize lung ultrasound and for future research.
Exploring the Effectiveness of Smart Technologies in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Coda Andrea , Sculley Dean , Santos Derek , Girones Xavier , Acharya Shamasunder
Published: May 2017

The global epidemic of diabetes, with increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), is placing a huge burden on health care management and financial systems. Unless new strategic solutions are developed, the increasing prevalence of T2D will result in a significant rise in morbidity, health care costs, and complications associated with diabetes. The introduction of smart devices in diabetes management may provide meaningful improvements in clinical outcomes, patient engagement, as well as potential cost reductions for the health care system. Future research may be capable of providing new smart and interactive solutions to the growing multidisciplinary diabetes team and, most important, to reduce the morbidity associated with T2D.
Occupational Skin Disease Prevention: An Educational Intervention for Hairdresser Cosmetology Students
Authors: Haughtigan Kara , Main Eve , Bragg-Underwood Tonya , Watkins Cecilia
Published: May 2017

Cosmetologists frequently develop occupational skin disease related to workplace exposures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an educational intervention to increase cosmetology students’ occupational skin disease knowledge and use of preventive practices. A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate students’ knowledge, behaviors, intentions, expectancies, and expectations. A 20-minute verbal presentation and printed two-page educational handout were provided for participants. Statistically significant increases in knowledge, frequency of glove use, and frequency of moisturizer use were found, but the frequency of handwashing did not increase. In addition, the Behavioral Strategies subscale, the Intention subscale, and the Expectancies subscale showed statistically significant improvements. The results of this study suggest an educational intervention can increase cosmetology students’ knowledge of occupational skin diseases and their use of preventive strategies.
Understanding Student Self-Reports of Academic Performance and Course-Taking Behavior
Authors: Rosen Jeffrey A. , Porter Stephen R. , Rogers Jim
Published: May 2017

In recent years, student surveys have played an increasingly large role in educational research, policy making, and, particularly, accountability efforts. However, research on the accuracy of students’ self-reports about themselves and their education is limited to analyses of overall grade point average and ACT/SAT standardized test scores. Using a unique data set, we investigate the accuracy of students’ survey responses to questions about their course taking and grades in mathematics during high school. We then analyze which student and survey characteristics influence accuracy. We find that students are reasonably good reporters of course-taking patterns but poor reporters of more potentially sensitive questions, including when the student completed Algebra I and the grade earned in the course. We find that lack of accuracy in student survey reports is consistently related to several student characteristics.
Multilevel policies for radical transition: Governance for a 100% renewable energy system
Authors: Hvelplund Frede , Djørup Søren
Published: May 2017

Transition from the stored energy of fossil fuel-based systems to fluctuating renewable energy sources requires a fundamental change in both the energy supply system and governance arrangements. According to analyses made using the Aalborg University Energy PLAN model, the infrastructure required to handle fluctuating energy – such as goals for further expanding the exploitation of wind power towards 50% of energy consumption – necessitates the integration of power, district heating, transportation and biomass production, which should be geographically distributed. To enhance our understanding of this paradigmatic technological change, this article presents both a general analysis of the regulatory consequences and a specific analysis of the immediate challenges involved in the transition process, framed within the Danish context. The general conclusion is that the required distributed, local and regional technological energy system needs a bottom up and interactive regulatory framework, where the central government should have a more reflexive and communicative role, providing services and national coordination for an energy system that contains a large share of fluctuating renewable energy sources. A specific conclusion is that the present Danish tariff principles and energy tax system should be fundamentally altered in order to better facilitate the coordination of the heat and electricity sectors, to incentivise the creation of the necessary integration infrastructure.
Design and rationale of the ODYSSEY DM-DYSLIPIDEMIA trial: lipid-lowering efficacy and safety of alirocumab in individuals with type 2 diabetes and mixed dyslipidaemia at high cardiovascular risk
Authors: Müller-Wieland Dirk , Leiter Lawrence A. , Cariou Bertrand , Letierce Alexia , Colhoun Helen M. , Del Prato Stefano , Henry Robert R. , Tinahones Francisco J. , Aurand Lisa , Maroni Jaman , Ray Kausik K. , Bujas-Bobanovic Maja
Published: May 2017

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often associated with mixed dyslipidaemia, where non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels may more closely align with cardiovascular risk than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). We describe the design and rationale of the ODYSSEY DM-DYSLIPIDEMIA study that assesses the efficacy and safety of alirocumab, a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor, versus lipid-lowering usual care in individuals with T2DM and mixed dyslipidaemia at high cardiovascular risk with non-HDL-C inadequately controlled despite maximally tolerated statin therapy. For the first time, atherogenic cholesterol-lowering with a PCSK9 inhibitor will be assessed with non-HDL-C as the primary endpoint with usual care as the comparator.

Methods

DM-DYSLIPIDEMIA is a Phase 3b/4, randomised, open-label, parallel group, multinational study that planned to enrol 420 individuals. Main inclusion criteria were T2DM and mixed dyslipidaemia (non-HDL-C ≥100 mg/dl [≥2.59 mmol/l], and triglycerides ≥150 and <500 mg/dl [≥1.70 and <5.65 mmol/l]) with documented atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or ≥1 additional cardiovascular risk factor. Participants were randomised (2:1) to alirocumab 75 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) or lipid-lowering usual care on top of maximally tolerated statin (or no statin if intolerant). If randomised to usual care, investigators were able to add their pre-specified choice of one of the following to the patient’s current statin regimen: ezetimibe, fenofibrate, omega-3 fatty acids or nicotinic acid, in accordance with local standard-of-care. Alirocumab-treated individuals with non-HDL-C ≥100 mg/dl at week 8 will undergo a blinded dose increase to 150 mg Q2W at week 12. The primary efficacy endpoint is non-HDL-C change from baseline to week 24 with alirocumab versus usual care; other lipid levels (including LDL-C), glycaemia-related measures, safety and tolerability will also be assessed. Alirocumab will be compared to fenofibrate in a secondary analysis.

Results

Recruitment completed with 413 individuals randomised in 14 countries worldwide. Results of this trial are expected in the second quarter of 2017.

Conclusions

ODYSSEY DM-DYSLIPIDEMIA will provide information on the efficacy and safety of alirocumab versus lipid-lowering usual care in individuals with T2DM and mixed dyslipidaemia at high cardiovascular risk using non-HDL-C as the primary efficacy endpoint.

Trial registration NCT02642159 (registered December 24, 2015)
Em busca de um novo modelo
Authors: Wilner Adriana , Santos Aline Lilian dos
Published: May 2017

Uma placa com a expressão Stop kvetching, de origem ídiche e traduzida como Deixe de mimimi, prepara quem entra na sala de reuniões da Livraria Cultura, em São Paulo, para a chegada de seu CEO, Sergio Herz. O filho primogênito de Pedro Herz, Presidente do Conselho de Administração da empresa, define-se como um líder que não está em sua posição “para agradar às pessoas” e conta que o pai o considera “incendiário”. Na Cultura, começou como estoquista, aos 16 anos, em 1987, quando a empresa fundada pela avó, Eva Herz, possuía apenas a loja do Conjunto Nacional, na Avenida Paulista, e contava com menos de 40 funcionários. Apaixonou-se pelo negócio da família, desistiu de ser médico e, fora um breve estágio no grupo editorial Penguin (Inglaterra), sempre trabalhou na Livraria. Suas principais inspirações vêm de duas experiências pessoais: o ano de Exército, no Centro de Preparação de Oficiais da Reserva de São Paulo (CPOR/ SP), em que aprendeu “o poder da disciplina e da perseverança”, e os três meses de trabalho em um kibutz, em Israel, onde conviveu com pessoas de vários países e pôde “abrir a cabeça”.Desde 2009 no comando da empresa ─ que hoje possui 18 lojas, além da operação on-line, e conta com aproximadamente 1.500 colaboradores ─, Sergio enfrenta duas crises: a conjuntural, que atinge o país, e a estrutural, com as transformações que a internet vem provocando no segmento de livrarias. Diante disso, seus planos são dobrar as vendas on-line em cinco anos eganhar nas lojas físicas com a prestação de serviços, além de operar com uma marca própria de restaurantes e cafés na Cultura, como revela nesta entrevista exclusiva à GV-executivo.
As relações na era digital
Authors: Leão Agenor
Published: May 2017

Como a Natura vem transformando seu modelo de atuação com as novas tecnologias.
Uma bússola para os investimentos
Authors: Meirelles Fernando S.
Published: May 2017

As empresas que mais gastam com tecnologia da informação tendem a ser mais lucrativas, mas, para fazer bom uso dos recursos aplicados, é preciso desenvolver indicadores de diagnóstico e gestão de TI.
Rubber Hand Illusion: Evidence for a multisensory integration of proprioception
Authors: DeCastro Thiago Gomes , Gomes William Barbosa
Published: May 2017

La presente revisión tiene como objetivo describir una hipótesis de integración multisensorial para la propiocepción a través de la descripción de distintos configuraciones experimentales con la Ilusión de la Mano de Goma (img). img es un paradigma creado en 1998 para explorar la relación entre los sistemas sensoriales visual y táctil. La tarea implica una estimulación síncrona de una mano de los sujetos, oculto de su visión, y una mano de goma en frente del sujeto. Instruidos para mirar la mano de goma, después de aproximadamente medio minuto, el sujeto comienza a sentir la mano de goma como su propia mano. La ilusión produce un sentimiento de propiedad de la mano de goma. La literatura ha investigado ampliamente el experimento en los últimos 15 años, demostrando las funciones dinámicas de los sistemas sensoriales del cerebro y del cuerpo, así como clarificando aspectos de la rehabilitación de sujetos amputados y diferentes tipos de parestesia. La revisión se estructura en torno de tres temas: (1) definición de la img, sus límites y alcances, (2) evidencias fisiológicas y neurocognitivas que dan apoyo a la img, y (3) la img en configuraciones experimentales implicando acción. La revisión concluye que la img es un ejemplo práctico de una tendencia neurocientífica innovadora para el estudio integrado del cuerpo, el cerebro y el espacio perceptual. La ilusión también ha establecido una forma alternativa para el estudio de la propiocepción y la dinámica del cerebro en sujetos normales
Rethinking Schizophrenia in the Light of New Evidence: Thirty Years after the Vermont Longitudinal Study of Persons with Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Fergusson Alberto , Gutierrez-Pelaez Miguel
Published: May 2017

Despite new evidence, procedures, client testimony, and movements around the world, old myths regarding schizophrenia still prevail among both the public and mental health professionals.  Thirty years have passed since the mind-blowing publication in 1987 of the Vermont Longitudinal Study of Persons with Severe Mental Illness (Harding, Brooks, Ashikaga, Straus, & Breier), which led to Harding and Zahniser’s 1994 article, Empirical Correction of Seven Myths about Schizophrenia with Implications for Treatment.  We need to systematically review what we know and what we do not know in the light of new evidence.  We need to find ways  to communicate  the knowledge derived from academic research on schizophrenia and psychosis to professionals working with this population, and to people with schizophrenia and their families. Thus can we begin to break down the rock-solid prejudices that have been rooted in humanity for centuries.
Finding the jewels in adversity: reflections on a secondment
Authors: Lennard Laura
Published: May 2017

Laura Lennard, on secondment as Children's Diabetes Nurse, Hemel Hempstead Hospital, West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, shares what she has learned from the sometimes painful experience of stepping out of her comfort zone and learning the ropes in a new role
Examining the links between hydration, nutrition and mouth health
Authors: Humphreys Katie , Vadher Devika , Allen Yasmin , Patel Nikki , Shah Sam
Published: May 2017

Hydration, nutrition and mouth health have historically been overlooked and considered in isolation when, in reality, they are interlinked and interdependent. Not only do these health factors greatly influence each other, but also they have a significant effect on general health and wellbeing. By viewing each of these areas in isolation, health professionals risk missing opportunities to maximise patients' health and quality of life. Collaboration between health professions will also maximise benefits to patients. This article aims to explain the health effects of hydration, nutrition and mouth health and the links between them so practitioners consider how they can make positive changes in these areas for their patients and how they can promote collaboration with other health professionals.
Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica: A histological comparative study with osteochondromas
Authors: Stevens J. , Welting T. J. M. , Witlox A. M. , van Rhijn L. W. , Staal H. M.
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (DEH) is a rare developmental disorder resulting in epiphyseal overgrowth. Based on histological appearance, it is often described as an osteochondroma or osteochondroma-like lesion, although clinical differences exist between DEH and osteochondromas. The aim of this study was to test whether DEH and osteochondromas are histologically identical diseases.

Methods

Tissue samples of two age- and gender-matched cases with DEH and hereditary multiple exostoses were histologically compared. Sections were stained with Safranin-O for detection of proteoglycans and immunohistochemistry was performed for detection of collagen type II, collagen type X as a marker of hypertrophic chondrocytes and Sox9 as a marker of proliferative chondrocytes. Due to the rarity, descriptions of the included DEH patients were outlined.

Results

Histologically, chondrocyte clusters in a fibrillary matrix, a thick disorganised cartilage cap and ossification centres with small amounts of unabsorbed cartilage, were observed in DEH. In contrast, cartilage organisation of osteochondromas displays characteristics of the normal growth plate. Collagen type II was clearly detected in the cartilaginous extracellular matrix in osteochondromas, while weak expression was observed in DEH. Collagen type X was not detected in DEH, while expressed in the matrix surrounding hypertrophic chondrocytes in osteochondromas. Sox9 staining was positive in hypertrophic chondrocytes in osteochondromas, while expressed in nuclei of chondrocyte clusters in DEH.

Conclusion

Both morphological and immunohistological differences were observed in histological sections of DEH and osteochondromas. These results support the previously identified clinical, radiological and genetic differences and imply a different aetiology between DEH and osteochondroma formation.
Corpo, masculinidade, etnia e música
Authors: Assunção Lucidalva Correia
Published: May 2017

Apresntar aglumas questões introdutórias sobre a música popular brasileira, no período de 1920-1960. Destacar as décadas de 20-40 e, nessa incursão, evidenciar a representação do corpo do homem negar em três canções do período supracitado.
Accuracy of Digital Surface Models derived from archival aerial photographs. Case study for the Czech Republic.
Authors: Pacina Jan , Popelka Jan
Published: May 2017

The archival aerial photographs are widely used for landscape change analysis, settlement identification or georelief reconstructions. The large archive of old aerial photographs is available for the whole Czech Republic and these data are often used by scientists, historians, students, etc. The quality of the datasets (orthophoto, digital surface models) resulting from archival aerial images processing is crucial for the ongoing analyses. The accuracy test of digital surface models derived from archival aerial images origintaing from 1938 and 1953 is presented within this paper. These two timelines were chosen because they preserve the landscape structure in the begining of the heavy indudstrialization of the Czech Republic.
The Social Life of Materials: Studies in Material and Society (Drazin and Kücher, eds.)
Authors: Ricketts Rowland
Published: May 2017

This work is a book review considering the title The Social Life of Materials: Studies in Material and Society edited by Adam Drazin and Susanne Kücher.
Kapasitas Adaptasi terhadap Kerentanan dan Bencana Perubahan Iklim di Tambak Lorok Kelurahan Tanjung Mas Semarang
Authors: Kumalasari Novia Riska
Published: May 2017

Secara keseluruhan kawasan pesisir merupakan salah satu kawasan yang memiliki peranan pentingdan merupakan sumber kehidupan bagi sebagian masyarakat. Permasalahan krusial mengenai dampakperubahan iklim seperti kenaikan permukaan laut akan menyebabkan kerentanan di kawasan pesisiryang berdampak pada kerusakan infrastruktur dan mengancam kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat.Salah satu permukiman yang mengalami dampak dari perubahan iklim ini terjadi di Tambak Lorok,Kelurahan Tanjung Mas, Kecamatan Semarang Utara. Tambak Lorok merupakan kawasan pesisir diSemarang yang memiliki kondisi sangat memprihatinkan. Permukiman yang semakin rentan terhadapperubahan iklim perlu adanya kapasitas adaptasi. Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui kapasitas adaptasi terhadap adanya kerentanan dan bencana rob sebagai dampakdari perubahan iklim yang terjadi di permukiman pesisir Tambak Lorok, Semarang. Pendekatanpenelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Untuk kapasitas adaptasi yang dilakukan masyarakatTambak Lorok menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adaptasi level household menunjukkan tingkat tinggidibandingkan dengan kapasitas adaptasi yang dilakukan pada level komunitas maupun kota yanghanya berada pada tingkat sedang. Penilaian terkait Kapasitas adaptasi diidentifikasi melalui indikatorkemampuan pelaku adaptasi, financial, teknologi, kinerja dan pengelolaan yang dikur dimasing masingpelaku adaptasi yaitu level household, level komunitas dan level kota.Kata kunci: perubahan iklim, kerentanan, kapasitas adaptasi
Euthyroid athyroxinemia – a novel endocrine syndrome
Authors: Woodhouse Nicholas , Bahowairath Fatima , Elshafie Omayma
Published: May 2017

A 55-year-old female was referred with abnormal thyroid function tests (TFTs); the free thyroxine level (FT4) was undetectable <3.3 pmol/L (normal: 7.9–14.4), while her FT3, TSH and urinary iodine levels were normal. She was clinically euthyroid with a large soft lobulated goitre that had been present for more than thirty years. She received an injection of recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) following which there was a progressive rise of the FT3 and TSH levels to 23 pmol/L and >100 mIU/L respectively at 24 h, The FT4 however remained undetectable throughout. Being on thyroxine 100 µg/day for one month, her FT4 level increased to 15 pmol/L and TSH fell to 0.08 mIU/L. Four years earlier at another hospital, her FT4 level had been low (6.8 pmol/L) with a normal TSH and a raised Tc-99 uptake of 20% (normal<4%). We checked the TFTs and Tc-99 scans in 3 of her children; one was completely normal and 2 had euthyroid with soft lobulated goitres. Their Tc-99 scan uptakes were raised at 17% and 15%, with normal TFTs apart from a low FT4 7.2 pmol/L in the son with the largest thyroid nodule. This is a previously unreported form of dyshormonogenesis in which, with time, patients gradually lose their ability to synthesize thyroxine (T4) but not triiodothyroxine (T3).

Learning points:

This is a previously unreported form of dyshormonogenetic goitre.

This goitre progressively loses its ability to synthesize T4 but not T3.

The inability to synthesize T4 was demonstrated by giving rhTSH.
Cardiac Tamponade as Initial Presentation of Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhang Ji Chao , Liu Rong Xing , Miao Qi
Published: May 2017

A 21-year-old man presented initially with impending cardiac tamponade secondary to an angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Following unsuccessful pericardiocentesis and subxiphoid pericardiostomy, the patient’s deteriorating hemodynamics prompted an urgent sternotomy. Histopathological diagnosis confirmed AITL. While chemotherapy remains the most effective treatment of AITL, life-threatening complications of the tumor necessitates surgical intervention.
Reproduction and Queer Theory: Between Lee Edelman'sNo Futureand J. M. Coetzee'sSlow Man
Authors: Parvulescu Anca
Published: May 2017

In a queer-theory reading of Charles Dickens'sA Christmas Carolin the 2004 polemicNo Future: Queer Theory and the Death Drive, Lee Edelman relied on a narrow concept of reproduction as procreative heteronormativity anchored in heterosexual sex. He left untold the other story of reproduction: our daily reproduction in the service of capitalism. Marxist and materialist feminist theories of reproduction remind us that we all engage in reproductive work and that women have traditionally been considered natural providers of this work. A reading of J. M. Coetzee'sSlow Man, in which a male protagonist depends on the domestic labor of a migrant woman, provides a counterpoint toNo Future.
Behaviour of MH silts with varying plasticity indices
Authors: Wong Steven T. Y. , Ong Dominic E. L. , Robinson Retnamony G.
Published: May 2017

It is important for geotechnical engineers to understand the intrinsic and mechanical behaviour of silt as it is presently recognised that there exist gaps in understanding its fundamental behaviour. The behaviour of kaolin samples with varying clay and silt contents was investigated in the present study. This study characterised the samples by their corresponding ranges of plasticity index (PI) – namely, PI≤ 13% and PI> 13%. This outcome is achieved by interpreting the results of Atterberg limit tests, particle size analysis, isotropically consolidated undrained triaxial tests and oedometer tests carried out on the kaolin samples with PIbetween 7 and 16%. The results obtained in this study show good reliability when compared to 65 sets of past significant experimental studies derived from 33 established past research papers.
Can decentralisation contribute to promoting rule-of-law structures? The Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Burundi as examples
Authors: Hamann Hartmut
Published: May 2017

Decentralisation can enable a country's population to exercise political influence at regional and local level. This presupposes a willingness to assume responsibility. It also presupposes that those in power are willing to hand over some of the power. Together these two factors can foster rule-of-law structures.

 

This paper describes the constitutional and administrative framework for decentralisation in DR Congo, Rwanda and Burundi. It also explores the actual situation in those countries with reference to legal literature from those countries.

 

In addition, it raises questions regarding the effect of instruments of international law on the decentralisation processes (international organisations, regional integration and international cooperation).
Addressing the spectre of cyber terrorism: a comparative perspective
Authors: Cassim Fawzia
Published: May 2017

This article looks at the definition of cyber terrorism and terrorist use of the Internet. The article evaluates cyber terrorist threats facing countries such as the United States of America, the United Kingdom, India and South Africa. The article also examines measures introduced by the respective governments in these countries to counteract cyber terrorist threats. Finally, the article will propose a way forward to counteract such possible threats in the future.

 

The face of terrorism is changing. The convergence of the physical and virtual worlds has resulted in the creation of a “new threat” called cyber terrorism. Cyber terrorism is one of the recognised cyber crimes. The absence of suitable legal frameworks to address cyber terrorism at national and regional levels, the lack of adequate safeguards, the lack of cyber security strategies and the pre-occupation of countries with internal factors have all contributed to the creation of an environment that can be easily infiltrated by cyber terrorists.

 

The horrific events of 9/11 provided the impetus for many countries to introduce anti-terrorist legislation. The United States of America, United Kingdom, India and South Africa have introduced legislation to address the threat of cyber terrorism.
The role of SADC institutions in implementing SADC treaty provisions dealing with regional integration
Authors: Saurombe Amos
Published: May 2017

Without some level of institutionalisation or other means of enforcement, national commitment to regional trade integration is bound to face some challenges. Accordingly, transnational trade is obviously inhibited when the validity and enforcement of contracts, obligation and rules cannot be guaranteed beyond the term of office of an administration. Thus Member States' commitment to the work of institutions within a regional economic community like SADC is critical for the full implementation of the SADC Treaty and its Protocols. The Protocol on Trade has been hailed as the most important for integration in SADC. This paper will indicate that institutions are essential drivers of organisations and their role in regional integration is therefore very important. However under the current legal and institutional framework, the SADC regional integration agenda faces major challenges of implementation. SADC institutions are not capable of completely fulfilling their legal obligations, although in some instances the lack of fulfilment was clearly a result of the legal instruments themselves being incomplete and needing further reform.
Teoria em Cena: a Produção de Vídeo como Instrumento no Ensino de Contabilidade
Authors: Sardela Ana Maria Beatriz , Costa Patricia Souza , Gomes Gilvania Sousa
Published: May 2017

Aproveitar o interesse e a experiência dos estudantes com o uso de tecnologias, para alcançar os objetivos de aprendizagem em um curso, é um desafio para os educadores. A produção de vídeo por estudantes é um método de ensino-aprendizagem que envolve recursos tecnológicos e exige uma postura ativa do discente no processo de aprendizagem. Essa atividade pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências necessárias à formação do contador, como, por exemplo, pensar conceitualmente, relacionar teoria e prática, e exercer criatividade e liderança. O objetivo desta pesquisa é, nesse sentido, analisar a percepção dos estudantes quanto à utilidade da produção de vídeos como um mecanismo de ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina Teoria da Contabilidade. Participaram da pesquisa 65 alunos matriculados nessa disciplina, no segundo semestre letivo de 2015, em uma universidade pública mineira. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que, na percepção dos estudantes, a produção de vídeos tornou o conteúdo da disciplina mais interessante, instigou a criatividade para utilizar os conceitos, além de desenvolver habilidades como comprometimento com o grupo, organização, planejamento, dinamismo, criatividade, proatividade, interpretação e autoaprendizagem. Conclui-se que o método é oportuno e recomenda-se a sua continuidade como didática no ensino de Teoria da Contabilidade e outros conteúdos.
O Que me Ensina a Ensinar? Um Estudo Sobre Fatores Explicativos das Práticas Pedagógicas no Ensino de Contabilidade
Authors: Silva Uilcleides Braga da , Bruni Adriano Leal
Published: May 2017

Este artigo identificou as práticas pedagógicas de 164 professores de Ciências Contábeis do Estado da Bahia, segregadas em ativas ou passivas, com maior ou menor participação discente, respectivamente. Aspectos como tipo de instituição de ensino, modalidade do ensino, experiência e capacitação pedagógica do docente, conteúdo programático, quantidade de alunos e avanço no curso foram posteriormente empregadas como possíveis variáveis explicativas das práticas. O diagnóstico construído com estatísticas descritivas e testes de Mann-Whitney revelou um ensino essencialmente passivo, com reduzida participação do discente. As variáveis independentes não foram capazes de explicar as práticas pedagógicas. Contradições foram encontradas no uso de práticas que caracterizam um ensino ativo como seminários, debates e discussão de casos por professores com marcantes características de ensino passivo, o que pode indicar um uso incompleto ou inadequado dessas práticas, que poderiam estar em uso de modo essencialmente passivo, comprometendo a eficácia da aprendizagem.
Controversies in the management of early endometrial carcinoma: an update
Authors: Rani P. Reddi , Begum Jasmina , Reddy K. Sathyanarayana
Published: May 2017

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the commonest genital tract malignancy in developing countries and is usually confined to the uterus at the time of diagnosis with excellent prognosis and high cure rates. But the management is associated with lot of controversies like in staging, best surgical approach, extent of lymphadenectomy, adjuvant therapy, fertility sparing surgery in young women etc. A thorough surgical staging is important to determine uterine and extrauterine spread and also understanding of the pathophysiology and management strategies to identify women who are at high risk and tailoring the adjuvant treatment if necessary without increasing the morbidity. This evidence based narrative review conducted by searching Medline (1994- 2015) and other online articles from Pubmed, Google scholar. Articles were selected based on their currency and relevance to the discussion they summarize the current literature to provide an approach to best practice management of early endometrial carcinoma.
Cervical cancer screening in pregnancy at the maternity clinics of Nabil Choucair health center and the Institute of Social Hygiene of Dakar, Senegal: a study on 67 cases
Authors: Gassama Omar , Niang Mouhamadou Mansour , Faye Dieme Marie Edouard , Thiam Ousmane , Gueye Mamour , Diarra Mame , Gueye Ndiaye , Moreira Philippe Marc , Diallo Djibril , Cisse Mamadou Lamine , Cisse Cheickh Tidiane , Moreau Jean Charles
Published: May 2017

Background: This study aims were to develop the epidemiological profile of patients who received Pap smears during pregnancy, to describe aspects of cytological smears performed in pregnant women and to describe the therapeutic management in case of anomalies in the cervical smear during pregnancy.Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive and analytical study conducted from January 15, 2015 to June 31, 2015 at maternity of Nabil Choucair Health Centre and the Institute of Social Hygiene in Dakar. The Pap smear was performed in all patients who had given their consent to the experience. The parameters studied concerned socio-demographic aspects, gynecological and obstetric background, gestational age at the time of collection, cervico-vaginal smear results, diagnostic and therapeutic management of cytological and histological abnormalities. The data collected on a survey sheet prepared for this purpose were entered and analyzed through the version 3.5.3 of Epi info software.Results: During the study period, 67 pregnant women had received a Pap smear. The epidemiological profile of our patient was a paucipare gestity with an average of 3 with extremes ranging from 1 to 7, an average parity of 2.4 with extremes ranging from 1 to 7. The mean age of pregnancy was 15.4 weeks of amenorrhea (range of 6 and 32 weeks). Only 5 patients (7.4%) had already received a cervical-vaginal swab before the study. The smear was normal in 88.7% of the cases but got abnormalities in 11.3% of the cases. The abnormalities were mainly found in squamous cells and were divided into low-grade lesions (57.1%) and skew-cell abnormalities whose meaning was undetermined (42.1%). Colposcopy was performed in 8 patients. Colposcopy was normal and satisfactory in 4 patients (50%) and identified as atypical grade 1 transformation in 2 patients (25%) and an atypical grade 2 transformation in 2 patients (25%). From a therapeutic point of view, diathermic loop conduction associated with strapping was performed in one patient (12.5%) for severe dysplasia. In postpartum, all dysplastic cervical lesions diagnosed during pregnancy had declined.Conclusions: In the context of our study, where there is no organized screening policy for cervical cancer, antenatal clinics are an excellent screening opportunity to seize.
Comparison between two different regimens of anticoagulants for pregnant women with prosthetic heart valves
Authors: Bahloul Mustafa , Michael Armia , Kandeel Mansour Y. , Abbas Ahmed M.
Published: May 2017

Background: The current study aims to assess the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant females with prosthetic heart valves receiving oral anticoagulants only versus the sequential regimen of heparin and OA throughout pregnancy.Methods: An observational was carried out at Assiut Women's Health Hospital, Egypt between February and December 2016. All pregnant women with prosthetic heart valves attending the emergency department during the study period were enrolled in the study. All included patients were classified into two groups; women who receive low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) during the first trimester then shift to warfarin till 36 weeks of gestation then continue on LMWH till delivery (Group I) and those who continue the all period of pregnancy on warfarin (Group II). The primary outcome of the study was the difference in the rate of maternal cardiac complications during labor between both groups.Results: The study included 72 patients have prosthetic valve replacement and on anticoagulants. Twenty-one were on oral anticoagulant; warfarin (Group II) and 51 pregnant women were on sequential regimen. Both groups were comparable in their basic and clinical data on admission. No difference between both groups in the mode of delivery (p=0.52), postpartum hemorrhage (0.09), sub rectal hematomas (p=0.08), the need for postpartum admission to ICU (p=0.93) and the duration of hospital stay (p=0.47). Additionally, no statistical significant difference between both groups as regard the mean birth weight (p=0.97), Apgar score (p=0.62), fetal sex (p=0.92) and congenital anomalies (p=0.08).Conclusions: The use of sequential LMWH and oral anticoagulants appears to be a safe option for those women although there is no difference in maternal and fetal outcomes with the use of continuous oral anticoagulants throughout the pregnancy.
Significance of obstetric Doppler studies in prediction of perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension
Authors: Gaikwad Pradip R. , Gandhewar Manisha R. , Rose Nity , Suryakar Vidyadhar
Published: May 2017

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is associated with adverse perinatal outcome. Multi vessel color Doppler studies are useful in these cases for timely intervention. The aim of present study was to know the significance of umbilical, middle cerebral and uterine artery Doppler studies in PIH and to analyse its role in predicting perinatal outcome.Methods: This was a prospective study of 106 singleton pregnancies in the third trimester with PIH. The results of last Doppler ultrasound within one week of delivery were used for analysis. Adverse perinatal outcome was studied in the form of emergency cesarean section for fetal distress, meconium stained amniotic fluid, Apgar at 5 min <7, NICU admission and perinatal mortality (stillbirths and neonatal death). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of various Doppler parameters were calculated after comparing with standard.Results: In the present study specificity and diagnostic accuracy of all Doppler ultrasound parameters was high in predicting adverse perinatal outcome. Cerebroplacental ratio showed highest specificity (98.55%), PPV (94.44%) and diagnostic accuracy (80.19%) in predicting adverse perinatal outcome and it is better than MCA PI and UA PI alone. Uterine artery Doppler evaluation also gives additional information in predicting adverse perinatal outcome.Conclusions: Amongst various Doppler parameters cerebroplacental index (MCA/UA PI) is best predictor of adverse perinatal outcome.
Validity of clinical and sonographic diagnosis of IUGR: a comparative study
Authors: Marhatta Nisha , Kaul Indu
Published: May 2017

Background: IUGR refers to a condition in which a fetus is unable to grow to its genetically predetermined potential size. It is the major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The present study was conducted to compare the validity of clinical diagnosis against sonographic diagnosis of IUGR.Methods: This study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMGS Hospital, Jammu from Octobar 2013 to September 2014. It included 247 women with singleton pregnancies with longitudinal lie. They underwent serial clinical assessment using SFH, AG and weight gain along with Ultrasound and Doppler of Umbilical & Middle cerebral artery. Birth weight of newborns was measured at delivery and was thereafter correlated with clinical and sonographic diagnosis; to access their validity.Results: Sensitivity of SFH in detecting IUGR was 71.4% against 75.7% by Ultrasound and was highest with Doppler of 82.9%. Specificity was 43.6% by SFH, 64.3% by Ultrasound and 86.2% by Doppler. Doppler also had the highest NPV of 92.6% against 79.1% by SFH and 86.8% by Ultrasound. The combination of clinical and ultrasound diagnosis increased the sensitivity to 95.2% and NPV to 95.91%. However, the combination of clinical and Doppler assessments did not significantly change the outcome.Conclusions: Doppler is the single best investigation available for diagnosing IUGR with a high specificity and NPV. However, importance of clinical diagnosis cannot be overlooked, especially in a developing country with limited resources like ours. In the absence of Doppler combined clinical and Ultrasound assessment should be considered.
Gynecological profile of patients undergoing laparoscopy/laparotomy in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: V. Sitalakshmi , Bansal Alpana
Published: May 2017

Background: Laparoscopy is not only used in the elective surgery but also used in the emergency surgery. It is also found to be useful in the acute abdominal emergencies. It is useful in removing any diagnostic doubts. It is also useful in the treatment of diseases. The objective of the study was to study the gynecologic profile of patients undergoing laparoscopy/laparotomy in gynecology department of a tertiary care hospitalMethods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of S. V. Medical College, Tirupati from September 2014 to February 2015, for a period of six months. A total of 36 patients were evaluated for gynecological problems during the study period based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were evaluated for menstrual complaints, chief presenting complaints, clinical diagnosis, scan diagnosis and laparotomy evaluation. Institutional Ethics Committee permission was taken before the start of the study. Informed consent was taken from all patients after explaining them about the nature of the study.Results: Ovarian cyst was the most common presentation which constituted more than half of the patients (55.6%). All patients i.e. 36 (100%) had menorrhagia as the complaint of menstrual irregularity. Out of 9 cases, clinical diagnosis differed in all cases, thus giving zero percent of accuracy for clinical diagnosis. Scan diagnosis matched with laparotomy confirmation in only 3 (33.3%) of cases. One case which was labeled as normal was found to have bilateral functional ovarian cyst on laparotomy confirmation. One case which was labeled as left ovarian cyst was found to have no cyst on laparotomy confirmation.Conclusions: Thus, laparoscopy is a useful tool for diagnosis and therapeutic accuracy in gynecological disease in routine as well as in emergencies. It is safe, effective, less time consuming, economical and patient friendly.
KAP study of contraception in clients undergoing MTP and sterilization in Gujarat, India
Authors: Patel Rakesh , Ghosh Runoo
Published: May 2017

Background: Lack of awareness, knowledge and education, religious beliefs and fear of side effects are the main causes why women do not use family planning methods. To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of contraception among clients undergoing to Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) and sterilization.Methods: This prospective study was done among 400 indoor cases at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in B.J. Medical college, Ahmedabad during July 2002 to October 2003. All the clients undergoing MTP and sterilization were explained and counseled about contraception with GATHER approach of family planning. After taking detail history, a thorough clinical examination of the clients was carried out with preliminary investigations.Results: Almost 58% clients were willing to accept TL method as contraceptive option, 39.5% IUCD, 1.75% OC pill method of contraception. Regarding history of side effect of contraceptive use, 17.3% condom users, 68.5% OC pill users, 63% CuT users have felt side effect. Almost 42.5% clients were operated by MTP + Lap TL, 39.5% by MTP + CuT and 14.5% by plain Lap TL.Conclusions: Efforts should be made to promote information, education and communication regarding emergency contraception targeted to all women of reproductive age group. It is important that unwanted pregnancy be prevented through effective contraceptive practice rather than abortion.