bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
К ВОПРОСУ О СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОБЛЕМАХ УРБАНИЗАЦИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ Г. МАХАЧКАЛЫ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ДАГЕСТАН)
Authors: Стофарандова Виктория Васильевна
Published: February 2021

Цель работы. В статье предпринята попытка отследить и объяснить процесс урбанизации как современного феномена в структуре общества. Важным здесь является также оценка масштабов и направлений урбанизации, которые имеют место в современный период. Метод или методология проведения работы. Проведен анализ документов, статистического материала, анкетный опрос. Результаты. Выявлены основные тенденции процесса урбанизации в современный период. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведения исследования могут быть использованы при комплексной диагностике и прогнозировании процессов урбанизации на уровне государства в целом и каждого отдельно взятого региона, например Республики Дагестан. Полученные в ходе исследования данные помогут оптимизировать решение проблем городского населения и способствовать оптимизации социальной политики как на федеральном, так и на региональном уровнях. Выводы. Делается вывод, что одним из неотъемлемых и проблемных процессов современности выступает урбанизация. Именно в городе человек остро испытывает социально-экономические проблемы: снабжение достаточного количества полноценных продуктов питания и питьевой воды, контроль и предотвращение загрязнения воздуха, водных ресурсов, почв, утилизация и захоронение накопленных вредных производственных и бытовых отходов, а также социальные проблемы, связанные с резким уменьшением свободного «жизненного» пространства, ростом городов в высоту, увеличением заболеваний, обусловленных загрязнением окружающей среды, и прочие.
Formación de docentes bilingües
Authors: Vergara Jalisco Martha , Gómez Pérez Salomé
Published: February 2021

Que enseñe una lengua originaria o una lengua extranjera, el docente bilingüe requiere de una formación que no solo lo prepare en las áreas de la lingüística o de la didáctica, sino que lo lleve a reflexionar en la interculturalidad que entreteje los diferentes sistemas de comunicación y de identidad. Lo anterior, adquiere mayor importancia en la actualidad cuando los discursos sobre inclusión e internacionalización, son relevantes en las políticas educativas. En este trabajo se abordarán dos casos diferentes de docentes bilingües: uno centrado en docentes de lenguas indígenas, y otro, enfocado en docentes de lenguas extranjeras. En ambos casos se revisarán, por un lado, los límites de los discursos oficiales reflejados ya sea en la política nacional o en los programas institucionales; y, por otro lado, los desafíos que estos retos representan.
Janela de diálogos
Authors: Bocchi Aline Fernandes de Azevedo , Borges Marilurdes Cruz
Published: February 2021

"Janela de diálogos: entrevistas em tempos de pandemia" é o título deste número especial da Revista Diálogos Pertinentes, o qual materializa o conjunto de três entrevistas realizadas pelo Ciclo de Entrevistas do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística da UNIFRAN, durante o período de isolamento social.
Supporting listening comprehension by social network-based interaction in mobile assisted language learning
Authors: Read Timothy , Kukulska-Hulme Agnes , Barcena Elena
Published: February 2021

Listening comprehension is challenging for students because it is more than just the direct extraction of meaning from sound. The literature reflects the need to develop relevant strategies. Teachers typically try to help students structure their learning into three phases: before (pre-), during, and after (post-) listening, emphasizing different cognitive and metacognitive processes. In this paper, the role of MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Learning) is proposed as a way to support this learning process and specifically to scaffold its third phase. A study was carried out with an app that the authors have developed for listening to audio news recordings. There are two versions of this app; the first is a standalone program which the students use on an individual basis. The second links to Facebook to enable students to summarize, share and discuss what they have listened to, thereby refining and consolidating their comprehension. A research question in this study addressed the role of a social network in a MALL app in terms of motivation and learning habits. The results of the study provide pedagogical insights into the answer and the value of including social network-based interaction in a MALL app for the development of listening comprehension.
A cross-sectional study on task type and negotiation of meaning in CLIL child-child interaction
Authors: Hidalgo María Ángeles , Azpilicueta-Martínez Raúl
Published: February 2021

Different task types have been hypothesised to affect the type and amount of Negotiation of Meaning (NoM) generated in learner-learner interactions. However, studies specifically addressing the impact of the task variable on the NoM in child-child interactions in foreign language contexts are virtually non-exixtent. This study analyses the amount and type of NoM operationalised as conversational adjustments (CAs) present in the interactions of primary education L1-Spanish young learners (YLs) of English on two different tasks. Participants were 40 eight-year-old children enrolled in a partial immersion Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) program. Ten pairs took part in a two-way pictureplacement jigsaw, while the other ten participated in a one-way picture-placement storybased task. The results indicate that the impact of task type on the amount and type of CAs produced by participants is more far-reaching than expected, revealing a significantly greater amount of CAs in the one-way task. This finding locates this variable at the very core of the list of factors directly impinging on NoM.
Simulasi Sebaran Temperatur Pelat Logam Tipis Besi dan Kuningan Berbasis Matlab
Authors: Noor Iman , Fitrian Andry
Published: February 2021

Simulating the temperature distribution of iron and brass metal thin plates based on matlab has been performed. This simulation aimed to study iron plate and brass plate conductors of the temperature distributionbased on conduction mechanism on cartesian coordinate system. The initial temperature in all parts of the thin plate is room temperature, except at left side and right side of the plate is 100 oC. Through numerical calculation of heat conduction equation by Finite Difference Method, we got that the temperature at center thin plate for 10 second is 63,26oC and 62,08 oC for brass thin plate and iron thin plate, respectively.
Media Alternatif Belajar Berbasis Graphic User Interface untuk Materi Gaya Listrik Muatan Statis
Authors: Nugraha Alpi Mahisha
Published: February 2021

The electric force on a static electric charge is often a lesson that is difficult to be understanded for both of school students or scolar. Due to this phenomenon include a very small objects be one of the causes this analogy phenomenon is too difficult to implements in life being. Eventhough the electric force is responsible for the motion of the human body, besides the calculations are quite difficult sometimes the concept of electric force becomes a constraint because the force is vector quantities and will be difficult if the system consists is three or more static electric charges instead of scalar quantities that only plus or minus for attractive or repulsife quantities. The use of Graphic User Interface (GUI) is one of alternative media that be useable for students in calculating and analyzing the magnitude and direction of the force by a charge in system. The GUI is designed to make students more be effective and efficient in calculating the electric force.
LAMA3 is a differentially expressed gene in both lymph node and brain metastases in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the alpha 3 subunit of laminin 5, encoded by LAMA3, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. LAMA3 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of LAMA3 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient post-progression survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of LAMA3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.
Cô vít năm xưa
Authors: Khuc Quy Van
Published: February 2021

Cô vít, lặng lòng, tuyến đầu, bất ngờ
Book Review of 'Banks and Finance in Modern Macroeconomics' by Claudio Sardoni and Bruna Ingrao
Authors: Acosta Juan
Published: February 2021

Book Review of 'Banks and Finance in Modern Macroeconomics' by Claudio Sardoni and Bruna Ingrao, Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar, 2019, 288 pp.
The Need for Governmental Inefficiency in Plato’s Republic
Authors: Hersch Gil
Published: February 2021

In book II of Plato’s Republic, Socrates discusses the cities of necessity and luxury (372d-373a). Discussions of these cities have often focused on citizens desiring more than they need, which creates a demand for luxury. Yet the second part of the equation, which is not usually recognized, is that there must be sufficient supply to meet this demand. The focus of this article is on the importance of supply in the discussion of the first two cities in book II of the Republic. This article argues that the way Plato models the cities makes it the case that a surplus above levels of necessity will be generated from time to time. That the unwanted surplus cannot be spontaneously disposed of entails that the first two cities are institutionally incomplete. A government is needed in order to coordinate the disposal of the surplus supply the city will produce.
Worker well-being before and during the COVID-19 restrictions: A longitudinal study in the UK
Authors: Pelly Diane , Daly Michael , Delaney Liam , Doyle Orla
Published: February 2021

The potential impact of COVID-19 restrictions on worker well-being is currently unknown. In this study we examine 15 well-being outcomes collected from 621 full-time workers assessed before (November, 2019 - February, 2020) and during (May-June, 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic. Fixed effects analyses are used to investigate how the COVID-19 restrictions and involuntary homeworking affect well-being and job performance. The majority of worker well-being measures are not adversely affected. Homeworkers feel more engaged and autonomous, experience fewer negative emotions and feel more connected to their organisations. However, these improvements come at the expense of reduced homelife satisfaction and job performance.
Multifractal analysis for seismic wave in Kathmandu valley after Gorkha Earthquake-2015, Nepal
Authors: Tiwari B. R. , Xu J. , Adhikari B. , Chapagain N. P.
Published: February 2021

We applied the multiscale signal processing technique, the Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima (WTMM) to characterize high frequency properties of strong motion waveforms, in particular the temporal distribution and strength of singularities in Gorkha earthquake, 25th April 2015. We first explored their relation to earthquake data source. Then we applied the WTMM analysis to strong motion recordings. These showed that the timing and exponent of singularities measured by the WTMM method on the ground motion wave field are directly related to the position and exponent of assumed initial stress singularities on the fault plane. We found strong motion recordings at near the epicenter site have very high multifractality than far sites. Some differences and similarities among sites were successfully detected.
Extra-Gonadal Teratomas in Atypical Sites in Neonates and Children – Our Experience and Review of the Literature
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Biswanath , Mukhopadhyay Madhumita , Mandal Kartik Chandra , Das Chhanda , Mukhopadhyay Brati , Mukhopadhyay Biswanath , Halder Pankaj
Published: February 2021

Background: Extra-gonadal teratomas are rare tumors in Pediatric surgical practice. We studied the
teratomas of atypical sites attended in our tertiary care center.
Aim: Aim of the study was to find out the incidence of pediatric teratomas in atypical sites, clinical
presentation and histological variation.
Material and Methods: Over 15 years (January 2005 to December 2020), 29 cases of pediatric teratomas
in atypical sites were studied. These sites included neck (number-one), retroperitoneum (number-fourteen),
adrenal gland (number-two), renal (number-two), gastric(number-three), pancreas (number-one),
pulmonary (number-one), floor of the mouth(number-one), oral (number-two), abdominal wall (numberone) and the mesentery (number-one). Patients were treated in the Department of Pediatric Surgery and
specimens were reviewed in the Department of Pathology. Age, sex, clinical presentation, investigations
(all patients had complete blood examination and alpha-fetoprotein) and imaging (USG of the local part and
CECT as guided by the organ of involvement).
Results: 29 pediatric teratomas in uncommon sites were reviewed. Out of 14 cases of retroperitoneal
teratoma, three were immature. Cervical teratoma in a neonate was mature. Three cases of gastric teratomas
were reported as mature. Two cases of adrenal teratomas also showed the histological features of mature
teratoma. Renal teratomas (two) were benign. One each of pulmonary teratoma, pancreas and floor of the
mouth were reported as mature. Two patients presented with oral teratoma were reported as mature
teratomas. One patient had teratoma arising from the abdominal wall and was resected completely (mature
teratoma). Teratoma arising from the mesentery also underwent complete resection.
Conclusion: A small percentage of Pediatric teratomas occur in atypical sites. In our series, retroperitoneal
tumors were predominant. Early surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Malignant change is known to
occur in Pediatric teratoma and the patients need long term follow-up.
Double-channel resistance-to-voltage converter for cable teraohmmeters
Authors: Yermoshin N.I. , Yakimov E.V. , Goldshtein A.E.
Published: February 2021

The paper considers a teraohmmeter resistance converter to monitor cable insulation with an additional input amplifier that emits a low-frequency interference signal. Adaptive algorithms for a double-channel converter circuit to compensate for low-frequency interference are proposed. There are considered algorithms using minimax criteria and linear approximation method for estimation of interference influence. It is shown classification of algorithms according to industrial frequency interference filtering method and signal observation interval. There were investigated two ways of interference application: step signal from a DC voltage source up to 300 V and fading harmonic signal from an AC voltage source and amplifier up to 300 V. A doublechannel circuit of the resistance-to-voltage converter is found to provide a 2-fold increase in the signal-tonoise ratio in comparison with a single-channel circuit. It is shown that the maximum deviation of readings for the single-channel circuit exceeds 20 % (up to 32 %) in short-term exposure to interference with amplitude of up to 300 V. At the same time, the maximum deviation for the double-channel circuit can attain 17 %, but it does not exceed 20 %. According to GOST 3345–76, the insulation resistance measuring error in therange of 10 GΩ to 100 TΩ should not exceed 20 %.The advantage of the proposed double-channel converter is the possibility to develop new algorithms to eliminate the dependence of readings on interference effects.
Laws of reflection and refraction of TE and TM polarization waves on the border of rhombic crystals
Authors: Tleukenov S.K. , Balabekov K.N. , Zhalgasbekova Z.K.
Published: February 2021

The article analytically solves the problem of reflection and refraction of electromagnetic plane waves of different polarization at the boundary of anisotropic half-spaces of rhombic symmetry. Based on the matrix method, the angles of refraction of electromagnetic waves of different polarization, the amplitudes of the reflected and refracted waves, the angles that determine the direction of the group velocities and vectors of the flow of electromagnetic energy, the magnitudes of the flows of electromagnetic energy and their components depending on the direction of the wave vector of the incident wave are determined. The determination of the angles of total internal reflection and the refractive index of electromagnetic waves of different polarization is considered. A significantly different dependence of the kinematic and energy characteristics of electromagnetic waves of different polarization on the anisotropy of the magnetic and dielectric tensors is shown. For electromagnetic waves, the polarization of which is determined by the component of the electric tension vector perpendicular to the wave propagation plane (TE wave), the characteristics of the reflected and refracted waves, the velocity indicatrix, the propagation angles, etc. determined primarily by the components of the magnetic permeability tensor. In the case of electromagnetic waves, when the polarization is determined by the component of the magnetic field (TM wave), perpendicular to the plane of wave propagation, all characteristics depend mainly on the components of the dielectric constant. The validity of the Fresnel formulas for determining the coefficients of reflected and refracted waves at the boundary of anisotropic media of rhombic symmetry is shown. However, in this case, the components of the wave vectors included in the Fresnel formulas are determined by their indicatrices. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the dependence of these components on the angle of refraction in the second medium.
Effect of electrolyte-plasma surface hardening on structure wheel steel 2
Authors: Rakhadilov B.K. , Tabiyeva Y.Y. , Uazyrkhanova G.K. , Zhurerova L.G. , Popova N.A.
Published: February 2021

This paper examines the influence of electrolyte-plasma surface hardening on the structure and microhardness of wheel steel mark 2. In the work electrolyte-plasma surface hardening was carried out in an electrolyte made from an aqueous solution 10 % carbamide (NH2)2CO 20 % sodium carbonate Na2CO3. The processing time was 2 seconds, Tmax = 850–900 ºC; U= 320V; I=40A. According to the results of the scanning transmission electron microscopy, the electrolyte-plasma surface hardening caused a change in the morphological constituents of mark 2 steel. In the initial state, the matrix of steel is a α-phase, the morphological components of which are fragmented ferrite, unfragmented ferrite and pearlite. After electrolytic-plasma surface hardening, a batch, high-temperature plate and low-temperature plate martensit is formed on the surface of the sample. Investigations have been carried out on microhardness determination on cross-section of wheel steel samples after quenching in aqueous solution of electrolyte. It is found that after electrolytic-plasma surface hardening, the microhardening values of this hardened surface layer increased ~ 3 times compared to the steel matrix, and the thickness of the hardened layer is 1000–1500 microns.
Philosophy of Education and the Ideological Underpinning of the Curriculum
Authors: Akinola Akomolafe Mohammed
Published: February 2021

The seeming corpulent connection between theory and practice informs this inquiry. Whereas there have been claims from several quarters that the decline in the quality of pedagogy lies with poor theory but where there is a sound one, its deleterious practice or application is considered a foremost culprit. Consequent upon this, this research takes a twist on this issue. Through the method of critical analysis and interpretation, the study employs the Marxist theory of education as its theoretical framework. In other words, the paper takes its cue from a Marxist perspective to posit that the society is a battle ground of ideologies. What is perceived as failed theory and/or practice in pedagogy is actually the fulfillment of an ideology of the ruling class who are not only the ruling material force but also the society’s ruling intellectual force. This clearly portends that there is an ideology behind any curriculum and its application. It is always a curriculum put in place by the ruling class. It is calculated to produce minds that would condone and uphold the hegemonic status quo of the ruling intellectual force. It therefore does not matter whether or not society develops. For development is defined by the prevailing ideology. Contrary opinions are repressed and exterminated usually through force or rhetoric. If this is the case, the question of theory and practice in pedagogy does not arise. On the contrary, the main impetus ought to be how to deal with what kind of ideology persists in a society’s educational curriculum. Hence, the current study proposes a re-thinking away from the perceived and seemingly wide abyss between theory and practice. This is because every fact and practice is theory-laden. It is the submission of this paper that the ideological basis of a curriculum demands more attention.
Educational environment of the «School of Social Leadership - Student» as a factor in the formation of social leadership in future social workers
Authors: Bybyk Daria
Published: February 2021

The article defines the algorithm for building the educational environment of the «Social Leadership School – Student» as a factor in the formation of social leadership in the professional training of future social workers, which has a clear logic: presentation of the mission and visit, which provides for informing about the School, its activities, current information for students – future social workers; announcements of news and events, which include coverage of events regarding social leadership, characterization of directions and organizational forms of social leadership, a photo and audio report, an archive of events that took place at the School on these topics.

Six consecutive stages of the algorithm for building the educational environment are defined in accordance with the tasks and characterized: the first stage is the definition of the goal of the activity of the Social Leadership School – Student in the context of strategic priorities for taking into account objective world trends in the development of education for social work; the second stage – highlighting the leading idea of the development of the school; the third stage – the definition of values, key directions and scientific approaches to the organization of the School's activities; The fourth stage is the development of directions for achieving the goal and strategic directions for the development of the School; The fifth step is to determine the scale of the transformation; the sixth stage – formation of readiness of all participants in the educational process of the School to form social leadership; the sixth stage – achievement and evaluation of the result – qualitative changes in the system of formation of social leadership of students in the educational process of the «School of Social Leadership – Student».

The model of the educational environment of the School of Social Leadership – Student and the structure of its activities are determined in accordance with the normative support for the functioning of the School, which will allow planning the organization and conduct of training programs and activities of the School, in particular in the areas of formation of social leadership; activities on acquisition of leadership skills, development of partnerships. Through the development of the content of selective educational disciplines «Fundamentals of Leadership», «Social Leadership» in the process of training social workers, the formation of the readiness of future social workers for proactive functioning in the informal environment of the «School of Social Leadership – Student» is ensured.
Evolutionary Patterns in the Genus Homo
Authors: Shar Nisar A.
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The demographic history of Homo sapiens is complex; it involves a wide range of migrations and genetic adaptations. One of the closely related species to Homo sapiens is Neanderthals, which became extinct about 30,000 years ago. The aim of this research is to compare Homo sapiens with Neanderthals and chimpanzees to understand the patterns of inheritance and survival instincts of Homo sapiens. Results show that out of all selected groups of genes in this study, metabolism, and language genes are found to be the most evolving group of genes. This shows that these most evolving genes are contributing to the advancement of Homo sapiens. However, after comparing human intelligence genes with the primates, it is found that exonic regions are contributing more to the evolution of human intelligence hence, making Homo sapiens unique in terms of intelligence.
Exploring Manhood, Masculinities and the Roles of Men Regarding Pregnancy and Childbirth in a Humanitarianized War Zone of Easter Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Maisha Felicien
Published: February 2021

This study aims to understand men and masculinities in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo where violence, armed conflicts, and the inability of the state to meet the basic needs of its population have justified the presence of heavy humanitarian aid interventions and probably shaped men’s behaviors.

Through this study, I seek to place men first in their local socio-cultural context in order to analyze their behavior and the roles men are called to play within their community. I put my particular attention on the global health agenda and guidelines interrogating how they materialize at the local level, taking the example of the push to increase so-called men’s involvement in prenatal care service. The following questions helped me to explore issues regarding masculinities in Goma and Kanyarutshinya. Who do we call a man? How does one become or un-become a man in the context of Goma and Kanyarutshinya, two specific locations where I conducted my research. Using ethnographic participant observation, I also collected my data using in-depth interviews, key informant interviews, focus group discussion, life histories, and archival data.

My analysis of the data collected has shown that war and armed conflict have deteriorated the status of men in the region and consequently, they felt deprived of their masculinity. Men living in a rural setting were attached to the local traditional values defining masculinity and these motivated their behaviors. In urban areas, on the contrary, men were more exposed to intercultural practices and had easy access to media and modern communication channels and were less concerned with local values of masculinities.

Everywhere, the precariousness of masculinity was observed; men, despite their efforts to avoid losing their masculinity used the so-called well-known concept of 'debrouillez-vous', failed despite everything.

Finally, I found that the call for ‘men’s involvement’ regarding pregnancy and childbirth in Goma and Kanyarutshinya using the international guidelines was almost irrelevant because men were already involved using the local standards. However, the biomedical prenatal care for men in Goma called CPN Papa failed to meet men’s expectations and rejected them, thereby undermining the program’s goals.
Pengaruh Merokok terhadap Kadar Asam Urat pada Pria Dewasa yang Mengonsumsi Tuak di Kelurahan Sigulang-gulang Kecamatan Siantar Utara
Authors: Tambunan Novri Angelina , Nasution Malayana Rahmita
Published: February 2021

Background: Uric acid (UA) is a nitrogen compound (C5H4N4O3/2, 6, 8-trihydroxypurine) which is the final product of purine catabolism nucleoside adenosine and guanosine. Uric acid levels are influenced by age, purine intake, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, hypertension, heart disease, certain medications, and impaired renal function.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the influence of smoking on uric acid levels in adult men who drink tuak.
Methods: This study used an analytic method using a cross-sectional design. Data retrieval is performed only once for collecting primary data with measuring instruments in the form of a questionnaire and Autocheck to measure uric acid levels. The population in this study is all adult men in Sigulang–gulang, North Siantar. Consecutive sampling was used to determine the number of samples. The data obtained will then be processed and analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The results show that there are differences in uric acid levels in adult men who smoke and drink tuak compare to adult men who do not smoke and drink tuak with a significant p values (6,01±1,09 vs 7,31±1,20; p<0,001).
Conclusion: This study concluded that there is an influence of smoking on uric acid levels in adult men who drink tuak.
Keywords: smoking, tuak, uric acid
 
Latar Belakang: Asam Urat (AU) adalah senyawa nitrogenik (C5H4N4O3/2,6,8-trihidroksipurin) yang merupakan produk akhir katabolisme purin nukleosida adenosin dan guanosin. Kadar asam urat dipengaruhi oleh usia, asupan senyawa purin, konsumsi alkohol, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), aktivitas fisik, hipertensi, penyakit jantung, obat-obatan tertentu dan gangguan fungsi ginjal.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh merokok terhadap kadar asam urat pada pria dewasa yang mengonsumsi tuak.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan metode analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan hanya satu kali untuk mengumpulkan data primer dengan alat ukur berupa kuesioner untuk mengetahui kebiasaan konsumsi tuak dan merokok dan Autocheck untuk mengukur kadar asam urat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pria dewasa di Kelurahan Sigulang-gulang, Kecamatan Siantar Utara. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling. Data yang telah dikumpul akan diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan software SPSS.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan kadar asam urat pada pria dewasa yang merokok dan mengonsumsi tuak dengan pria dewasa yang tidak merokok dan mengonsumsi tuak dengan nilai p bermakna (6,01±1,09 vs 7,31±1,20; p<0,001).
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan terdapat pengaruh merokok terhadap kadar asam urat pada pria dewasa yang mengonsumsi tuak.
Kata Kunci: asam urat, merokok, tuak
Análise da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal na Defensoria Pública do Estado do Amazonas
Authors: Ferreira Ana Virgínia da Silva , Oliveira Júnior Nilson José de , Lima Orlem Pinheiro de , Araújo Paulo César Diniz de , Maduro Márcia Ribeiro , Souza Andréa Lanza Cordeiro de , Zogahib André Luiz Nunes
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo visa verificar as despesas com pessoal da Defensoria Pública do Amazonas e se as mesmas estão ajudando a atingir as funções da instituição que são a promoção da defesa dos direitos humanos e dos direitos individuais e coletivos aos mais necessitados da sociedade, já que esta instituição é uma das funções essenciais à justiça e que busca levar uma efetiva satisfação da lide, ou seja, procura, com seu trabalho, garantir não apenas uma decisão do judiciário que diga quem é vencedor ou perdedor, mas sim quais as partes terão as suas necessidades atendidas, alcançando uma justiça justa. Para tanto, foi utilizada, como base de análise, a Lei Complementar Nº 101 de 2000 que trata sobre responsabilidade na gestão fiscal e que trabalha para que os governantes não descontrolem as despesas, mas que atinjam um equilíbrio nas contas públicas de forma transparente e foi verificado se os objetivos propostos pela Emenda Constitucional 80 de 2014 estão sendo cumpridos no âmbito do estado do Amazonas em virtude que o atingimento desses objetivos promoverá uma verdadeira promoção dos direitos dos mais necessitados do Estado do Amazonas que conta com municípios do interior que possuem uma população que tem dificuldade de acesso a capital e, muitas vezes, necessitam do apoio de um Estado presente e encontra esse apoio por meio da Defensoria Pública do Estado.
NONPROFIT MARKETING IN KOPAČKI RIT NATURE PARK AS TOURIST DESTINATION
Authors: Vučemilović Vesna , Vištica Biserka
Published: February 2021

Eastern part of the Republic of Croatia as a tourist destination is not fully valorized yet, despite its natural values and rich cultural heritage. Stronger contribution to touristic development could be ensured by Kopački rit Nature Park as potentially great tourist attractor. Its flora and fauna attract people for educational and tourist reasons. Tourism in nature parks has certain limitations due to primary goals which are protection and preservation of nature together with sustainable management of nature resources and ensuring an undisturbed course of natural processes. The aim of this research is to emphasize importance of marketing tools implementation in process of tourist activities development. Through application of marketing techniques and especially nonprofit marketing, primary goals related to nature protection can be harmonized with development of self-financing through tourism activities. Research was conducted by using case study methodology. Relevant persons for the topic were interviewed and from collected information SWOT analysis was made which may be used for policy suggestions in process of creation adequate tourist products and services together with ensuring quality education for visitors and minimizing visitors influence on natural resources.
Key words: Kopački rit, protected areas, tourism in nature parks, nonprofit marketing.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗРАХУНКУ МІЦНОСТІ НОРМАЛЬНИХ ПЕРЕРІЗІВ ПОЗАЦЕНТРОВО РОЗТЯГНУТИХ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ ІЗ МАЛИМИ ЕКСЦЕНТРИСИТЕТАМИ
Authors: ЯКОВЕНКО І.А. , ДМИТРЕНКО Є.А. , ФЕСЕНКО О.А.
Published: February 2021

Реалізована методика розрахунку міцності нормальних перерізів прямокутних плитних (оболончастих) залізобетонних елементів при плоскомупозацентровому розтягу за деформаційним методом.Проаналізовані результати розрахунку прямокутного залізобетонного нормального перерізу фрагменту плити із симетричним подвійним армуванням для випадку позацентрового розтягу із малими ексцентриситетами із варіюванням висоти та коефіцієнта армування перерізу. Розглянуто дві можливі форми рівноваги залізобетонного перерізу при плоскому позацентровому розтягу: позацентровий розтяг із великими ексцентриситетами; позацентровий розтяг, із малими ексцентриситетами – лінія дії зовнішньої розтягувальної сили знаходиться між стрижнями поздовжньої арматури перерізу, переріз майже повністю розтягнутий із порівняно невеликою висотою стиснутої зони бетону.Досліджено характер зміни діаграм стану перерізу «N-εc(1)» при поступовій зміні НДС із позацентрового до центрального розтягу; дослідженоефект зменшення висоти стиснутої зони прямокутного перерізу при поступовому зменшенні ексцентриситету зовнішніх зусиль. Програмування таналагодження розрахункового алгоритму, аналіз та отримання результатів розрахунку виконувався у програмному комплексі «MathCAD 15».Виявлено, що при зменшенні ексцентриситету зовнішніх зусиль стиснута зона бетону зменшується аж до повного її зникнення і придостатньо малих значеннях ексцентриситетів прикладення зусилля, за допомогою методики норм, рівновагу між зовнішніми і внутрішніми зусиллями знайти не вдається. Рівновага між зовнішніми і внутрішніми зусиллями знаходиться за допомогою дволінійної діаграми розподілу відносних поздовжніх деформацій (у стиснутій зоні).Запропоновані варіанти вирішення даної задачі, без значної втрати точності, із використанням чисельного моделювання, які базуються на алгоритмі розрахунку за методом граничних зусиль. Результати чисельного моделювання у програмному комплексі Ліра-САПР і відповідногоматематичного моделювання підтвердили раціональність і достатню точність подальших розрахунків за запропонованою методикою.
7T MRI and Computational Modeling Supports a Critical Role of Lead Location in Determining Outcomes for Deep Brain Stimulation: A Case Report
Authors: Schrock Lauren E. , Patriat Remi , Goftari Mojgan , Kim Jiwon , Johnson Matthew D. , Harel Noam , Vitek Jerrold L.
Published: February 2021

Subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established therapy for Parkinson’s disease motor symptoms. The ideal site for implantation within STN, however, remains controversial. While many argue that placement of a DBS lead within the sensorimotor territory of the STN yields better motor outcomes, others report similar effects with leads placed in the associative or motor territory of the STN, while still others assert that placing a DBS lead “anywhere within a 6-mm-diameter cylinder centered at the presumed middle of the STN (based on stereotactic atlas coordinates) produces similar clinical efficacy.” These discrepancies likely result from methodological differences including targeting preferences, imaging acquisition and the use of brain atlases that do not account for patient-specific anatomic variability. We present a first-in-kind within-patient demonstration of severe mood side effects and minimal motor improvement in a Parkinson’s disease patient following placement of a DBS lead in the limbic/associative territory of the STN who experienced marked improvement in motor benefit and resolution of mood side effects following repositioning the lead within the STN sensorimotor territory. 7 Tesla (7 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were used to generate a patient-specific anatomical model of the STN with parcellation into distinct functional territories and computational modeling to assess the relative degree of activation of motor, associative and limbic territories.
Distributed Deep Fusion Predictor for a Multi-Sensor System Based on Causality Entropy
Authors: Jin Xue-Bo , Yu Xing-Hong , Su Ting-Li , Yang Dan-Ni , Bai Yu-Ting , Kong Jian-Lei , Wang Li
Published: February 2021

Trend prediction based on sensor data in a multi-sensor system is an important topic. As the number of sensors increases, we can measure and store more and more data. However, the increase in data has not effectively improved prediction performance. This paper focuses on this problem and presents a distributed predictor that can overcome unrelated data and sensor noise: First, we define the causality entropy to calculate the measurement’s causality. Then, the series causality coefficient (SCC) is proposed to select the high causal measurement as the input data. To overcome the traditional deep learning network’s over-fitting to the sensor noise, the Bayesian method is used to obtain the weight distribution characteristics of the sub-predictor network. A multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is constructed as the fusion layer to fuse the results from different sub-predictors. The experiments were implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by meteorological data from Beijing. The results show that the proposed predictor can effectively model the multi-sensor system’s big measurement data to improve prediction performance.
Selection of Embedding Dimension and Delay Time in Phase Space Reconstruction via Symbolic Dynamics
Authors: Matilla-García Mariano , Morales Isidro , Rodríguez Jose Miguel , Ruiz Marín Manuel
Published: February 2021

The modeling and prediction of chaotic time series require proper reconstruction of the state space from the available data in order to successfully estimate invariant properties of the embedded attractor. Thus, one must choose appropriate time delay τ∗ and embedding dimension p for phase space reconstruction. The value of τ∗ can be estimated from the Mutual Information, but this method is rather cumbersome computationally. Additionally, some researchers have recommended that τ∗ should be chosen to be dependent on the embedding dimension p by means of an appropriate value for the time delay τw=(p−1)τ∗, which is the optimal time delay for independence of the time series. The C-C method, based on Correlation Integral, is a method simpler than Mutual Information and has been proposed to select optimally τw and τ∗. In this paper, we suggest a simple method for estimating τ∗ and τw based on symbolic analysis and symbolic entropy. As in the C-C method, τ∗ is estimated as the first local optimal time delay and τw as the time delay for independence of the time series. The method is applied to several chaotic time series that are the base of comparison for several techniques. The numerical simulations for these systems verify that the proposed symbolic-based method is useful for practitioners and, according to the studied models, has a better performance than the C-C method for the choice of the time delay and embedding dimension. In addition, the method is applied to EEG data in order to study and compare some dynamic characteristics of brain activity under epileptic episodes
Relative Entropy Method Applied for the Fatigue Life Distribution of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites
Authors: Yuan Changsheng , Liang Yingjie
Published: February 2021

This paper verifies the feasibility of the relative entropy method in selecting the most suitable statistical distribution for the experimental data, which do not follow an exponential distribution. The efficiency of the relative entropy method is tested through the fractional order moment and the logarithmic moment in terms of the experimental data of carbon fiber/epoxy composites with different stress amplitudes. For better usage of the relative entropy method, the efficient range of its application is also studied. The application results show that the relative entropy method is not very fit for choosing the proper distribution for non-exponential random data when the heavy tail trait of the experimental data is emphasized. It is not consistent with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test but is consistent with the residual sum of squares in the least squares method whenever it is calculated by the fractional moment or the logarithmic moment. Under different stress amplitudes, the relative entropy method has different performances.
Patient-Specific Network for Personalized Breast Cancer Therapy with Multi-Omics Data
Authors: Cava Claudia , Sabetian Soudabeh , Castiglioni Isabella
Published: February 2021

The development of new computational approaches that are able to design the correct personalized drugs is the crucial therapeutic issue in cancer research. However, tumor heterogeneity is the main obstacle to developing patient-specific single drugs or combinations of drugs that already exist in clinics. In this study, we developed a computational approach that integrates copy number alteration, gene expression, and a protein interaction network of 73 basal breast cancer samples. 2509 prognostic genes harboring a copy number alteration were identified using survival analysis, and a protein–protein interaction network considering the direct interactions was created. Each patient was described by a specific combination of seven altered hub proteins that fully characterize the 73 basal breast cancer patients. We suggested the optimal combination therapy for each patient considering drug–protein interactions. Our approach is able to confirm well-known cancer related genes and suggest novel potential drug target genes. In conclusion, we presented a new computational approach in breast cancer to deal with the intra-tumor heterogeneity towards personalized cancer therapy.
Research on Determination of Water Diffusion Coefficient in Single Particles of Wood Biomass Dried Using Convective Drying Method
Authors: Tulej Weronika , Głowacki Szymon , Bryś Andrzej , Sojak Mariusz , Wichowski Piotr , Górnicki Krzysztof
Published: February 2021

Determination of the mass diffusion coefficient for dried, inhomogeneous material is difficult as it depends on the drying agent temperature and the moisture content and physical structure of the material. The paper presents a method for efficient determination of the water diffusion coefficient for wood solid cuboids dried using convective drying methods. In this work, the authors define a theoretical dependence of the Fourier number on reduced water content in a convectively dried cuboidal solid, based on a simplified theoretical solution of the diffusion equation for such a body. The material for drying included shoots of common osier, robinia (false acacia), multiflora rose, and energy poplar, dried at temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 °C, in free convection. The obtained results differ from the theoretically anticipated changes of the coefficient.
Investigations of Exhaust Emissions from a Combustion Engine under Simulated Actual Operating Conditions in Real Driving Emissions Test
Authors: Andrych-Zalewska Monika , Chlopek Zdzislaw , Merkisz Jerzy , Pielecha Jacek
Published: February 2021

The paper describes the methodology of research of exhaust emissions from a combustion engine under engine states determined by the vehicle actual operation in the RDE test. The processes of quantities determining the vehicle motion and engine states have been recorded, along with the exhaust emission intensity. Based on the developed research methodology, zero-dimensional characteristics of the processes of the emission intensity have been determined under the conditions of urban, rural and motorway traffic, as well as in the entire test. The authors also determined the average specific distance exhaust emissions under the conditions of urban, rural and motorway traffic, as well as in the entire test. Based on the above results, the unique characteristics of the relation of the average specific distance emissions and the average vehicle speed have been obtained. The obtained characteristics may be used in the modeling of exhaust emissions from motor vehicles under actual traffic conditions. The authors also explored the sensitivity of the average specific distance emissions to the vehicle driving style.
Hybrid AF/DF Cooperative Relaying Technique with Phase Steering for Industrial IoT Networks
Authors: Lee Sangku , Youn Janghyuk , Jung Bang Chul
Published: February 2021

For the next generation of manufacturing, the industrial internet of things (IoT) has been considered as a key technology that enables smart factories, in which sensors transfer measured data, actuators are controlled, and systems are connected wirelessly. In particular, the wireless sensor network (WSN) needs to operate with low cost, low power (energy), and narrow spectrum, which are the most technical challenges for industrial IoT networks. In general, a relay-assisted communication network has been known to overcome scarce energy problems, and a spectrum-sharing technique has been considered as a promising technique for the radio spectrum shortage problem. In this paper, we propose a phase steering based hybrid cooperative relaying (PSHCR) technique for the generic relay-assisted spectrum-shared WSN, which consists of a secondary transmitter, multiple secondary relays (SRs), a secondary access point, and multiple primary access points. Basically, SRs in the proposed PSHCR technique operate with decode-and-forward (DF) relaying protocol, but it does not abandon the SRs that failed in decoding at the first hop. Instead, the SRs operate with amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol when they failed in decoding at the first hop. Furthermore, the SRs (regardless of operating with AF or DF protocol) that satisfy interference constraints to the primary network are allowed to transmit a signal to the secondary access point at the second hop. Note that phase distortion is compensated through phase steering operation at each relay node before second-hop transmission, and thus all relay nodes can operate in a fully distributed manner. Finally, we validate that the proposed PSHCR technique significantly outperforms the existing best single relay selection (BSR) technique and cooperative phase steering (CPS) technique in terms of outage performance via extensive computer simulations.