bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anatomically compliant modes of variations: New tools for brain connectivity
Authors: Clementi Letizia , Arnone Eleonora , Santambrogio Marco D. , Franceschetti Silvana , Panzica Ferruccio , Sangalli Laura M.
Published: November 2023

Anatomical complexity and data dimensionality present major issues when analysing brain connectivity data. The functional and anatomical aspects of the connections taking place in the brain are in fact equally relevant and strongly intertwined. However, due to theoretical challenges and computational issues, their relationship is often overlooked in neuroscience and clinical research. In this work, we propose to tackle this problem through Smooth Functional Principal Component Analysis, which enables to perform dimensional reduction and exploration of the variability in functional connectivity maps, complying with the formidably complicated anatomy of the grey matter volume. In particular, we analyse a population that includes controls and subjects affected by schizophrenia, starting from fMRI data acquired at rest and during a task-switching paradigm. For both sessions, we first identify the common modes of variation in the entire population. We hence explore whether the subjects’ expressions along these common modes of variation differ between controls and pathological subjects. In each session, we find principal components that are significantly differently expressed in the healthy vs pathological subjects (with p-values < 0.001), highlighting clearly interpretable differences in the connectivity in the two subpopulations. For instance, the second and third principal components for the rest session capture the imbalance between the Default Mode and Executive Networks characterizing schizophrenia patients.
Enhancing economic competitiveness analysis through machine learning: Exploring complex urban features
Authors: Xu Xiaofeng , Chen Zhaoyuan , Chen Shixiang
Published: November 2023

Urban economic competitiveness is a fundamental indicator for assessing the level of urban development and serves as an effective approach for understanding regional disparities. Traditional economic competitiveness research that relies solely on traditional regression models and assumes feature relationship theory tends to fall short in fully exploring the intricate interrelationships and nonlinear associations among features. As a result, the study of urban economic disparities remains limited to a narrow range of urban features, which is insufficient for comprehending cities as complex systems. The ability of deep learning neural networks to automatically construct models of nonlinear relationships among complex features provides a new approach to research in this issue. In this study, a complex urban feature dataset comprising 1008 features was constructed based on statistical data from 283 prefecture-level cities in China. Employing a machine learning approach based on convolutional neural network (CNN), a novel analytical model is constructed to capture the interrelationships among urban features, which is applied to achieve accurate classification of urban economic competitiveness. In addition, considering the limited number of samples in the dataset owing to the fixed number of cities, this study developed a data augmentation approach based on deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) to further enhance the accuracy and generalization ability of the model. The performance of the CNN classification model was effectively improved by adding the generated samples to the original sample dataset. This study provides a precise and stable analytical model for investigating disparities in regional development. In the meantime, it offers a feasible solution to the limited sample size issue in the application of deep learning in urban research.
Ventilation conditions during COVID-19 outbreaks in six California state carceral institutions
Authors: Sklar Rachel , Noth Elizabeth , Kwan Ada , Sear David , Bertozzi Stefano
Published: November 2023

Residents of carceral facilities are exposed to poor ventilation conditions which leads to the spread of communicable diseases such as COVID-19. Indoor ventilation conditions are rarely studied within carceral settings and there remains limited capacity to develop solutions to address the impact of poor ventilation on the health of people who are incarcerated. In this study, we empirically measured ventilation rates within housing units of six adult prisons in the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) and compare the measured ventilation rates to recommended standards issued by the World Health Organization (WHO). Findings from the empirical assessment include lower ventilation rates than the recommended ventilation standards with particularly low ventilation during winter months when heating systems were in use. Inadvertent airflows from spaces housing potentially infected individuals to shared common spaces was also observed. The methodology used for this work can be leveraged for routine ventilation monitoring, pandemic preparedness, and disaster response.
Phenotyping the virulence of SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters by digital pathology and machine learning
Authors: Meehan Gavin R. , Herder Vanessa , Allan Jay , Huang Xinyi , Kerr Karen , Mendonca Diogo Correa , Ilia Georgios , Wright Derek W. , Nomikou Kyriaki , Gu Quan , Molina Arias Sergi , Hansmann Florian , Hardas Alexandros , Attipa Charalampos , De Lorenzo Giuditta , Cowton Vanessa , Upfold Nicole , Palmalux Natasha , Brown Jonathan C. , Barclay Wendy S. , Filipe Ana Da Silva , Furnon Wilhelm , Patel Arvind H. , Palmarini Massimo
Published: November 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continued to evolve throughout the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, giving rise to multiple variants of concern (VOCs) with different biological properties. As the pandemic progresses, it will be essential to test in near real time the potential of any new emerging variant to cause severe disease. BA.1 (Omicron) was shown to be attenuated compared to the previous VOCs like Delta, but it is possible that newly emerging variants may regain a virulent phenotype. Hamsters have been proven to be an exceedingly good model for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Here, we aimed to develop robust quantitative pipelines to assess the virulence of SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters. We used various approaches including RNAseq, RNA in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and digital pathology, including software assisted whole section imaging and downstream automatic analyses enhanced by machine learning, to develop methods to assess and quantify virus-induced pulmonary lesions in an unbiased manner. Initially, we used Delta and Omicron to develop our experimental pipelines. We then assessed the virulence of recent Omicron sub-lineages including BA.5, XBB, BQ.1.18, BA.2, BA.2.75 and EG.5.1. We show that in experimentally infected hamsters, accurate quantification of alveolar epithelial hyperplasia and macrophage infiltrates represent robust markers for assessing the extent of virus-induced pulmonary pathology, and hence virus virulence. In addition, using these pipelines, we could reveal how some Omicron sub-lineages (e.g., BA.2.75 and EG.5.1) have regained virulence compared to the original BA.1. Finally, to maximise the utility of the digital pathology pipelines reported in our study, we developed an online repository containing representative whole organ histopathology sections that can be visualised at variable magnifications (https://covid-atlas.cvr.gla.ac.uk). Overall, this pipeline can provide unbiased and invaluable data for rapidly assessing newly emerging variants and their potential to cause severe disease.
Hubungan Lama Sakit dengan Kualitas Hidup pada Anak Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Safri Mulya , Roziana Roziana , Salawati Liza , Liansyah Tita Menawati , Putri Rosmanida Keumala
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang. Lupus eritematosus sistemik pada anak memiliki karakteristik yang lebih berat dibandingkan pada masa dewasa, yaitu aktivitas penyakit yang lebih tinggi, derajat penyakit yang lebih berat, gangguan organ yang lebih berat, lebih agresif, keterlibatan ginjal dan sistem saraf lebih sering, dapat menyebabkan kerusakan yang lebih cepat, serta angka mortalitas yang lebih tinggi. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lama sakit dengan kualitas hidup pada anak lupus eritematosus sistemik.Metode. Metode penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada 34 anak berusia 5-18 tahun dengan lupus eritematosus sistemik yang berobat di Poliklinik Anak Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin, Banda Aceh. Analisis menggunakan univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Spearman rank. Subjek penelitian mengisi kuesioner PedsQL 3.0 Rheumatology Module untuk menilai kualitas hidup. Hasil. Anak yang menderita LES dengan lama sakit ?5 tahun memiliki kualitas hidup yang baik yaitu 21 orang (67,6%) dan anak yang menderita LES >5 tahun juga memiliki kualitas hidup yang baik yaitu 2 orang (100%). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman rank pada interval kepercayaan 95% dan ? = 0,05 menunjukkan bahwa hubungan lama sakit dengan kualitas hidup menghasilkan p=0,328 dan nilai koefisien korelasi (r)=0,173.Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara lama sakit dengan kualitas hidup pada anak lupus eritematosus sistemik.
Persalinan Sectio Caesarean dan Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Sebagai Faktor Risiko Hiperbilirubinemia Neonatorum
Authors: Budiapsari Putu Indah , Supadma I Nyoman , Winianti Ni Wayan
Published: November 2023

Latar belakang. Kejadian hiperbilirubinemia pada bayi yang dilahirkan secara sectio caesarean cukup tinggi baik pada bayi cukup bulan maupun kurang bulan.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui persalinan sectio caesarean dan pemberian air susu ibu dengan sebagai faktor risiko kejadian hiperbilirubinemia neonatorum Metode. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel bayi usia 0-28 hari yang mengalami hiperbilirubinemia kelompok kasus dan bayi yang tidak hiperbilirubinemia sebagai kontrol, yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Umum Famili Usada Gianyar selama periode penelitian. Variabel bebas yang diteliti adalah cara lahir dan pemberian air susu ibu. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di ruang bersalin dan poliklinik anak dalam kurun waktu Agustus-Oktober 2022. Sampel penelitian adalah bayi usia 0-28 hari yang dilahirkan secara sectio caesareanHasil. Bayi yang lahir dengan prosedur sectio caesarean meningkatkan risiko hiperbilirubinemia dengan OR 2,72, pemberian air susu ibu menurunkan risiko hiperbilirubinemia atau sebagai faktor protektif dengan OR 0,09 dengan p<0,05.Kesimpulan. Persalinan sectio caesarean meningkatkan risiko hiperbilirubinemia dan pemberian air susu ibu menurunkan risiko hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus.
La reforma eléctrica de 2013 y la fallida contrarreforma de 2022 en México: asimetrías desde la perspectiva de las políticas públicas
Authors: Torres Fragoso Jaime
Published: November 2023

Esta investigación compara las diferencias más significativas entre la instrumentación de la reforma eléctrica de 2013 en México y el frustrado intento de contrarreforma de 2022. Para ello, desde el enfoque de las políticas públicas, se consideraron los procesos de negociación seguidos, los elementos, las bondades y los impactos, tanto visibles como esperados, de ambos programas. Los resultados encontrados muestran que la reforma de 2013, a partir de lo que la teoría en torno a las políticas públicas sugiere, fue bien articulada y, desde una perspectiva económica, medioambiental y de gestión pública, incorporó las mejores prácticas para el subsector eléctrico. En contraste, la propuesta de reforma de 2022 se planteó de una manera incorrecta, además de que representaba una regresión en esas mismas materias. El artículo plantea la restitución de un modelo de Estado moderno que, con el apoyo del sector privado, nacional e internacional, cumpla de manera eficaz sus diversas funciones.
Some remarks on proper actions, proper metric spaces, and buildings
Authors: Kramer Linus
Published: November 2023

We discuss various aspects of isometric group actions on proper metric spaces. As one application, we show that a proper and Weyl transitive action on a euclidean building is strongly transitive on the maximal atlas (the complete apartment system) of the building.
User centered system design and prototype for household food waste reduction
Authors: Cappelletti Federica , Papetti Alessandra , Rossi Marta , Germani Michele
Published: November 2023

The total quantity of food waste in Europe has been estimated at around 88 million tons per year. About 42 % is thrown out by households, of which 60 % would be avoidable by increasing users’ awareness. The present paper aims to develop an integrated system to reduce household food waste and improve the end-users’ lifestyle in terms of health and well-being. A smart fridge able to track the stocks, a web application and a set of related services have been designed and prototyped to guide the user in the proper storage of food and support him/her in purchase planning and food preparation. The system was positively evaluated in terms of usability, it is use contributes to both environmental and economic benefits, leading respectively to a reduction of environmental impacts of about 21 % and a yearly savings amounting up to 285 €, in comparison with a traditional system.
Structure of the Macdonald groups in one parameter
Authors: Montoya Ocampo Alexander , Szechtman Fernando
Published: November 2023

Consider the Macdonald groups

G
⁢

(
α
)

=

⟨

A
,
B

∣

A

[
A
,
B
]

=

A
α

,

B

[
B
,
A
]

=

B
α

⟩

G(\alpha)=\langle A,B\mid A^{[A,B]}=A^{\alpha},\,B^{[B,A]}=B^{\alpha}\rangle

,

α
∈
Z

\alpha\in\mathbb{Z}

.
We fill a gap in Macdonald’s proof that

G
⁢

(
α
)

G(\alpha)

is always nilpotent, and proceed to determine the order, upper and lower central series, nilpotency class, and exponent of

G
⁢

(
α
)

G(\alpha)

.
Experimental investigation of heat transfer characteristics of inclined aluminium two phase closed thermosyphon
Authors: Mutalikdesai Sachin V. , Kate Ajit M. , Shinde Tarang R. , Kumar Gupta Naveen , Panchal Hitesh , Natrayan L. , Meena Radhey Shyam , Siddiqui Md Irfanul Haque , Patel Anand , Kumar Abhinav
Published: November 2023

A reduction in the size of electronic equipment increases the heat generation rate. Failure of electronic equipment occurs if the heat is not dissipated properly. This paper examines the performance of aluminium two-phase closed thermosyphon for cooling electronic equipment. Acetone charged aluminium two-phase closed thermosyphon was fabricated with an inside diameter of 17.05 mm and 1 mm thickness. A series of experimentations were performed for inclination angles of 10°–90° at selected filling ratios of 30, 60 and 100 %, along with heat inputs of 100, 200 and 300 W. The condenser section flow rate of water was maintained constant. Minimum thermal resistance was obtained at a 30° inclination angle for all filling ratios and heat inputs. The evaporator and condenser sections have a maximum heat transfer coefficient at a 30° inclination angle. Thermosyphon, with a 30 % or 60 % filling ratio, performed better than a 100 % filling ratio for all inclination angles and heat inputs. As the heat input was increased, the heat transfer coefficients of the evaporator and condenser section were increased, whereas total thermal resistance decreased. For 300 W heat input and 30 % filling ratio, the minimum thermal resistance at a 30° inclination angle was 0.158 °C/W. It is found that, the same heat input and filling ratio, the maximum heat transfer coefficient value for the evaporator and condenser section at a 30° inclination angle was 1602 W/m2 °C and 5652 W/m2 °C, respectively.
Evaluation of placental oxygenation by near-infrared spectroscopy in relation to ultrasound maturation grade in physiological term pregnancies
Authors: Jakovac Marinela Bakotin , Etrusco Andrea , Mikuš Mislav , Roje Damir , Marusic Jelena , Palada Ivan , Kosovic Indira , Aracic Nadja , Sunj Martina , Laganà Antonio Simone , Chiantera Vito , Dujic Zeljko
Published: November 2023

A prospective observational study (ClinicalTrial ID: NCT05771415) was conducted to compare placental oxygenation in low-risk, uncomplicated term pregnancies measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in relation to the placental maturity grade determined by ultrasound assessment according to the Grannum scale. We included 34 pregnancies divided into two groups according to placental maturation. For each pregnancy, measurements were taken at the site above the central part of the placenta (test) and at the site outside of the placenta on the lower abdomen (control). Student’s t-test was used to compare tissue oxygenation index (TOI) values among the study groups. The normality of distribution was proven by the Kolmogorov‒Smirnov test. In women with low placental maturity grade, the mean TOI value above the placenta was 70.38 ± 3.72, which was lower than the respective value in women with high placental maturity grade (77.99 ± 3.71; p < 0.001). The TOI values above the placenta and the control site were significantly different in both groups (70.38 ± 3.72 vs 67.83 ± 3.21 and 77.99 ± 3.71 vs 69.41 ± 3.93; p < 0.001). The results offer a new perspective on placental function based on specific non-invasive real-time oxygenation measurements. Unfortunately, and because of technical limitations, NIRS cannot yet be implemented as a routine clinical tool.
Rotational photonic spin Hall effect
Authors: Ke Yougang , Bian Yongfeng , Tang Qiang , Tian Jibo , Zeng Linzhou , Chen Yu , Zhou Xinxing
Published: November 2023

Multidimensional manipulation of photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) has attracted considerable interest due to its potential in a wide variety of spin-based applications. Plenty of research efforts have been devoted to transverse or longitudinal spin-dependent splitting; however, the splitting pattern that can self-rotate in a three-dimensional (3-D) space appears to be missing in literature. In this paper, we introduce a novel 3-D rotational PSHE, which can be realized and tuned using well-designed Pancharatnam–Berry phase metasurfaces. To demonstrate this phenomenon, we first show that when a single dielectric metasurface is used, the lobe-structured spin-splitting patterns on the transverse planes rotate and evolve along the propagation path. Then, we present that under two cascaded metasurfaces, the rotation angle of the splitting patterns are tunable by adjusting the relative rotation angle between the two metasurfaces. Finally, we manifest that the lobe number of the two spin-dependent splitting patterns can be independently controlled once we introduce a dynamic phase, which produces an asymmetrical rotational PSHE. The demonstrated phenomena can be used to achieve active manipulation of spin photons in multiple dimensions, and the developed device might find potential applications in various areas, e.g., optical microscopy.
Effectiveness of multi-junction cells in near-field thermophotovoltaic devices considering additional losses
Authors: Song Jaeman , Choi Minwoo , Lee Bong Jae
Published: November 2023

Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy converters hold substantial potential in converting thermal radiation from high-temperature emitters into electrical energy through photovoltaic (PV) cells, offering applications ranging from solar energy harvesting to waste heat recovery. Near-field TPV (NF-TPV) devices, focused on enhancing power output density (POD), exhibit unique potential by harnessing photon tunneling. However, this potential can be mitigated by additional losses arising from high photocurrent densities and corresponding scalability issues. This study comprehensively investigates the effectiveness of multi-junction-based NF-TPV devices, accounting for additional losses. We propose two approximative expressions to quantify the impact of additional losses and characterize current density-voltage curves. Verification against rigorously optimized results establishes a criterion for effective performance. Our method provides precise POD estimations even for devices with 10 or more subcells, facilitating performance analysis across parameters like vacuum gap distance, cell width, emitter temperature, and the number of subcells compared to far-field counterparts. This research outlines a roadmap for the scalable design of NF-TPV devices, emphasizing the role of multi-junction PV cells. The analytical framework we developed will provide vital insights for future high-performance TPV devices.
Crystal structure of ethyl 2-((4-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-yl)-2,6-difluorophenyl)amino)benzoate, C20H18F2N2O3
Authors: Tang Wenqiang , Gao Yanrong , Xu Xiaona , Zhu Zhoujing
Published: November 2023

C20H18F2N2O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.5573(10) Å, b = 14.519(2) Å, c = 16.245(2) Å, β = 98.187(3)°, V = 1764.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0420 wRref
(F
2) = 0.1142, T = 205 K.
H2 in the energy transition
Authors: Di Noto Vito
Published: November 2023

Hydrogen can be used to sustain a revolutionary energy system, capable of integrating renewable sources and free from greenhouse gas emissions, in the perspective to mitigate global warming. Fuel cells and electrolyzers are the cornerstone of this new clean energy system, that is currently under research, development and implementation.
Comparison of Score-Driven Equity-Gold Portfolios During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Model Confidence Sets
Authors: Ayala Astrid , Blazsek Szabolcs , Licht Adrian
Published: November 2023

Gold may have a hedge, safe haven, or diversifier property when added to stock portfolios. Motivated by the favorable statistical properties and out-of-sample performance of score-driven models, we investigate for equity-gold portfolios whether score-driven mean, volatility, and copula models can improve the performances of DCC (dynamic conditional correlation) portfolios, the naïve portfolio strategy, and the Standard & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500) index. We consider 2880 score-driven portfolio strategies. We use score-driven Clayton, rotated Clayton, Frank, Gaussian, Gumbel, rotated Gumbel, Plackett, and Student’s t copulas. We use several classical and score-driven models of marginal distribution. We use weekly, monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual updates of portfolio weights. We use minimum-variance, maximum Sharpe ratio, and maximum utility function strategies. We use rolling data-windows for portfolio optimization for the COVID-19 investment period of February 2020 to September 2021. We classify competing portfolios by using a new robust multi-step model confidence set (MCS) test approach and provide evidence of the superiority of score-driven portfolios.
“Its Leaves Are Like the Daughter of the Willow”: The Herbal Genre in Ancient Egypt
Authors: Schiødt Sofie
Published: November 2023

The ancient Egyptian herbal genre remains poorly documented, with only two fragmentary herbal treatises and a few handfuls of isolated herbal entries preserved. Recently, however, an herbal treatise has come to light, which is so far only published in part, and which provides important new information on this branch of ancient Egyptian medical practice. The treatise is recorded in pLouvre E 32847 + pCarlsberg 917 and differs significantly from the rest of the extant herbal corpus in that it concerns a single plant and its seed exclusively. As such, the treatise represents a subtype of the herbal genre, which we might term the specialized herbal. It presents a more nuanced image of the herbal genre and the reasons for recording botanical knowledge. At the same time, certain passages in the treatise mirror the structure, vocabulary, and grammatical constructions found in the rest of the corpus, confirming that herbals existed in a standardized format already at the beginning of the New Kingdom, if not earlier. In this paper I present an overview of the extant herbal corpus and discuss what the addition of the specialized treatise in pLouvre-Carlsberg means for our understanding of the herbal genre in ancient Egypt This paper is derived from a chapter of my unpublished PhD dissertation, Medical Science in Ancient Egypt: A Translation and Interpretation of Papyrus Louvre-Carlsberg (pLouvre E 32847 + pCarlsberg 917) (Copenhagen, 2020)..
Presence and Absence of the Tomb Owner in Wall Scenes and Funerary Models
Authors: Barker Georgia
Published: November 2023

The tomb owner’s figure dominates scenes displayed on elite tomb-chapel walls, forming an essential part of the medium’s repertoire. Yet among funerary models, the tomb owner rarely appears. While the two artistic media exhibit many similarities in design, their representation of the tomb owner forms one of several distinguishing features that are rarely acknowledged. This paper examines the presence and absence of the tomb owner in wall scenes and funerary models from the Old and Middle Kingdom periods. It is here proposed that this difference in representation can be explained by the two artistic media’s contrasting technical properties and location in the tomb.
Cristae formation is a mechanical buckling event controlled by the inner mitochondrial membrane lipidome
Authors: Venkatraman Kailash , Lee Christopher T , Garcia Guadalupe C , Mahapatra Arijit , Milshteyn Daniel , Perkins Guy , Kim Keun‐Young , Pasolli H Amalia , Phan Sebastien , Lippincott‐Schwartz Jennifer , Ellisman Mark H , Rangamani Padmini , Budin Itay
Published: November 2023

Cristae are high‐curvature structures in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) that are crucial for ATP production. While cristae‐shaping proteins have been defined, analogous lipid‐based mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Here, we combine experimental lipidome dissection with multi‐scale modeling to investigate how lipid interactions dictate IMM morphology and ATP generation. When modulating phospholipid (PL) saturation in engineered yeast strains, we observed a surprisingly abrupt breakpoint in IMM topology driven by a continuous loss of ATP synthase organization at cristae ridges. We found that cardiolipin (CL) specifically buffers the inner mitochondrial membrane against curvature loss, an effect that is independent of ATP synthase dimerization. To explain this interaction, we developed a continuum model for cristae tubule formation that integrates both lipid and protein‐mediated curvatures. This model highlighted a snapthrough instability, which drives IMM collapse upon small changes in membrane properties. We also showed that cardiolipin is essential in low‐oxygen conditions that promote PL saturation. These results demonstrate that the mechanical function of cardiolipin is dependent on the surrounding lipid and protein components of the IMM.
The Boltzmann equation and Cosmic Microwave Background
Authors: Valenzuela Mississippi
Published: November 2023

Observations on the anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) have become a fundamental tool in Cosmology. We present a brief description of the mformalism necessary to understand the evolution of the anisotropies, and how their power spectrum gives us information about the evolution and composition of the universe.
Global symmetry breaking and topological defects
Authors: Valenzuela Mississippi
Published: November 2023

In this article, we present the fundamentals of Goldstone's theorem and the breaking of global symmetries. As well as one of the important aspects to take into account in the process of spontaneous symmetry breaking are the possible topological defects generated by the breaking. For this reason, we will expose the concept of topological defect and the calculation of the relic density of the axion, considered as a candidate to dark matter.
La constante cosmológica y la energía oscura
Authors: Churampi Manuel , Villegas Fulgencio
Published: November 2023

This article presents a review about the cosmological constant, the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Roberson-Walker cosmological model and its relationship with Einstein's gravitational theory and with Friedmann's equations. The observational evidence is evaluated and the experimental results of the accelerated expansion of the Universe are analyzed. Finally, the physical nature of the cosmological constant is described as a possibility of dark energy.
Heterogeneity of gaming disorder: A clinically-based typology for developing personalized interventions
Authors: Ko Chih-Hung , Király Orsolya , Demetrovics Zsolt , Griffiths Mark D. , Kato Takahiro A. , Tateno Masaru , Yen Ju-Yu
Published: November 2023

Background

The eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) defines the three key diagnostic criteria for gaming disorder (GD). These are loss of control over gaming, gaming as a priority over daily activities, and impaired functioning due to gaming. While this definition has implications for the prevention and treatment of GD, there is significant heterogeneity in the symptoms and etiology of GD among individuals, which results in different treatment needs. Cognitive control, emotional regulation, and reward sensitivity are three critical dimensions in the etiology model for GD. Aspects such as gender, comorbidity, motivation for gaming, stage or severity of GD, and risk factors all contribute to the heterogeneity of etiology among individuals with the disorder.

Method

On the basis of clinical symptoms and comorbidity characteristics among approximately 400 patients with gaming disorder, the present paper proposes a clinical typology of patients with GD based on the authors' clinical experience in treating individuals with GD.

Results

The findings indicated three common types of patients with GD: (i) impulsive male patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), (ii) dysphoria patients with dysfunctional coping skills, and (iii) isolated patients with social anxiety. The paper also discusses the presentation and treatment priority for these patients.

Conclusion

Personalized treatments for patients with GD should be developed to fit their individual needs. Future studies should examine the heterogeneity of GD and confirm these types, as well as obtain evidence-based information that can help in the development of personalized treatment. Treatment resources should be developed, and professionals should be trained to provide integrated individualized treatment.
Peran Pengasuh dalam Memotivasi Menghafal Al-Qur’an terhadap Santri Pesantren Ekselensia
Authors: Karimah Fatimah Isyti
Published: November 2023

Setiap orang bercita-cita untuk menghafal al-Qur’an bahkan hingga mengkhatamkannya. Namun ketika proses menghafal al-Qur’an santri memiliki beberapa kendala yaitu lemahnya tekad, motivasi, serta malas dalam melakukan muraja’ah. Karena hal tersebut, pengasuh memiliki peran penting dalam kegiatan menghafal santri, mengingat kontribusi pengasuh bukan hanya sebagai pendidik tapi sebagai motivator juga. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pencarian keterangan mengenai peran pengasuh pondok dalam memotivasi santri menghafal Al-Qur’an, serta bagaimana peran pengasuh tersebut dalam mempengaruhi kemampuan para santri dalam menghafal Al-Qur’an di Pesantren Motivator Qur’an Ekselensia Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh peran pengasuh pondok dalam memotivasi santri menghafal Al-Qur’an dan ditujukkan untuk mengetahui kemampuan menghafal santri setelah mendapatkan motivasi dari pengasuh pondok. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, dalam penelitian ini penulis memanfaatkan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan tiga teknik yaitu observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengasuh di Pesantren Motivator Qur’an Ekselensia Indonesia sangat berperan aktif dalam proses menstimulasi santri dalam menghafal Al-Qur’an. Pengasuh memberikan beragam motivasi yang dapat membangkitkan semangat santri untuk menghafal Al-Qur’an. Di samping itu, pengasuh juga berperan aktif ketika ada waktu luang untuk memotivasi santri yang berkonsultasi dengannya. Santri yang mendapatkan motivasi dari pengasuh dan pembina menunjukkan perubahan yang drastis. Kemampuan santri untuk menghafal Al-Qur’an meningkat setelah mendapatkan motivasi dari pengasuh dan pembina. Hal tersebut terbukti dari perilaku santri yang sangat merasa nyaman dan menyenangkan ketika menghafal Al-Qur’an.
Paradigma Wasathiyah Perspektif Tafsir Al-Qur’an
Authors: Ihsan Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Dalam fenomena dunia Islam kontemporer, sikap dalam beragama melahirkan dua kutub yang saling tarik menarik antara ekstrem kanan (radikalis) serta ekstrem kiri (liberalis). Dalam upaya membebaskan umat dari dua macam sikap beragama tersebut, kemudian dimunculkanlah upaya moderasi yang menyusul terkenal dengan sebutan wasathiyah. Perbedaan perspektif mengenai wasathiyyah juga terjadi di kalangan cendikiawan muslim. Oleh karena demikian, artikel ini akan membahas tentang persamaan dan perbedaan dalam memahami wasathiyyah menurut Sayyid Qutb dalam tafsir Fi Zhilal Al-Qur’an dan Muhammad Sayyid Thanhawi dalam tafsir Al-Wasith. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analisis dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Hasil dari artikel ini mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat persamaan dan perbedaan dalam memahami wasathiyyah dalam pandangan Sayyid Qutb juga Sayyid Thanthawi. Di mana persamaan dan perbedaan tersebut membangun sebuah paradigma baru dari gabungan keduanya.
Chorus angelorum. Uno sguardo allapartecipazione attiva dell’assemblealiturgica e alla funzionalità del coro
Authors: Marinčák Šimon
Published: November 2023

The issue of the active participation of the liturgical assembly in worship is a question to which it is difficult to find a satisfactory answer. The choir plays a key role in this problem. While some see its performance as enriching and enhancing the solemnity of the service, others see it as a hindrance or even a limitation to the active participation of the people. Certain indications are offered by the documents of the Second Vatican Council, but these cannot be applied unreservedly to another tradition, in the case of Slovakia and the Byzantine tradition. This study thus attempts to gain insight into this issue, offering some facts that speak mainly in favor of the participation of the choir, but at the same time confirming that the activity of the choir does not prevent the full and active participation of the people in the liturgy.
Motivated or inhibited? – an analysis of the predisposition to adopt technological implements in Personal Financial Planning
Authors: Silveira Heber Pessoa da , Albergaria Matheus , Farnezi Paulo
Published: November 2023

The adoption of technology in Personal Financial Planning (PFP) is permeated by motivating and inhibiting factors, with the predisposition to adoption being strongly influenced by personal traits. The present paper analyzed this predisposition among 366 higher education students in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Using primary data and applying Logit and Probit regression models with Maximum Likelihood estimators, the study combined sociodemographic variables with constructs from a validated psychometric scale, assessing individuals in relation to their adoption of financial technology tools. Contrary to the notion that people avoid technology tools due to insecurity, the results showed that the inhibitors “Discomfort” and “Insecurity” did not play a relevant role in the intention to use technology in the PFP. The motivators “Optimism” and “Innovativeness” are considered statistically significant in the intention of use. Those who don't use it are quite disinterested and unconvinced of the benefits, therefore averse to technology, while those who use it highlight the benefits of technology in the PFP.
Motivados ou inibidos? – uma análise da
predisposição para adoção de ferramentas
tecnológicas no Planejamento Financeiro Pessoal
Authors: Silveira Heber Pessoa da , Albergaria Matheus , Farnezi Paulo
Published: November 2023

A adoção de tecnologia no Planejamento Financeiro Pessoal (PFP) é permeada por fatores motivadores e inibidores, sendo a predisposição à adoção fortemente influenciada por percepções pessoais. O trabalho analisou essa predisposição em 366 alunos de ensino superior da cidade de São Paulo. Utilizando dados primários e aplicando modelos de regressão Logit e Probit com estimadores de Máxima Verossimilhança, o estudo combinou variáveis sociodemográficas com construtos de uma escala psicométrica validada, avaliando os indivíduos em relação à adoção de ferramentas de tecnologia financeira. Contrariando a noção de que as pessoas evitam ferramentas de tecnologia por insegurança, os resultados apontaram que os inibidores “Desconforto” e “Insegurança” não tiveram papel relevante na intenção de uso de tecnologia no PFP. Já os motivadores “Otimismo” e “Inovatividade” se mostraram estatisticamente significantes na intenção de uso. Aqueles que não fazem uso da tecnologia no PFP são, na verdade, desinteressados, e não estão convencidos dos benefícios, sendo avessos a ela, enquanto aqueles que a utilizam destacam os seus benefícios no PFP.
The relationship of emotional intelligence and cohesion in the girls' synchronized figure skating teams
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Boyarskaya L. A. , Antropova S. A. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Shubina I. F. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and cohesion in a sports team of girls engaged in synchronized figure skating. The following psychological tests were used in the study: the Emotional Intelligence test by D.V. Lyusin, a test to determine the index of group cohesion of the Sisor. The study was conducted on the basis of the sports school "Yunost" in Yekaterinburg. Two teams of different age groups took part in the experiment: 16 athletes performing in the category of "novices" (12 -15 years old), 16 girls performing in the team of "CMS" (15 - 19 years old). Testing was conducted twice: at the beginning of the season and after the competitive season. The study revealed positive dynamics of the development of cohesion in both teams. It also revealed reliable relationships between interpersonal emotional intelligence and the level of cohesion in the team. Further research may be aimed at developing a strategy to increase emotional intelligence as a factor in increasing the cohesion of a sports team.
Formation of a value attitude to the health of gymnasts aged 11-14
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Malozemova I. I. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Published: November 2023

Intensive rhythmic gymnastics classes in adolescence are aimed at achieving high athletic results, while forming value attitudes towards health. The article presents data on the attitude to the health of athletes aged 11-14 years, the main motives of recovery are revealed. The data obtained allow us to conclude that psychological and pedagogical support of athletes involved in sports schools is necessary for purposeful work on the formation of a social attitude of a teenager's personality to his health.
The method of correcting the value orientations of the individual "Building a "Tower" of one's own life" in working with athletes
Authors:   SBEI ", Plotnikova N. S. ,   Sports boarding school ",   Chertanovo",   Moskomsport, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2023

The article describes a visual-figurative method of correcting the value orientations of a person, its application and observations during the use of a sports psychologist with injured athletes. The aim of the work was to search for a visual model of life that allows the athlete to show the variability of its construction in a short time, with instant feedback from the system, which would increase awareness and quality of choices. During the psychocorrective game, an athlete has the opportunity to find a way out of the current situation, through a deeper understanding of the values of life and their role in building further life goals, find motivation for rehabilitation and readaptation after injury, painlessly undergo readaptation when a sports career cannot be continued for objective reasons. The technique allows the psychologist to overcome the athlete's resistance in an unobtrusive playful way, force psychological rehabilitation, return control and responsibility for his/her life to the athlete. The approbation of the technique showed the main advantages: brevity (one lesson of 70-90 minutes is required), simplicity of instructions, clarity and deep immersion into the inner world, which takes place almost without resistance from the athlete. The article presents two practical cases.
PRKAG2 and PRKAG3 genes in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: a literature review
Authors: Tolstokorova Yu. A. , Nikulina S. Yu. , Chernova A. A. , Maksimov V. N. , Makarov Ya. A.
Published: November 2023

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is a syndrome with early ventricular excitation due to the abnormal electrical conduction through an accessory atrioventricular pathway, and is usually accompanied by supraventricular tachycardia. There is a proven genetic component in the development of this syndrome. This review presents current literature data on the association of nucleotide sequence variants of the PRKAG2 and PRKAG3 genes in patients with WPW.
Clinically significant CYP2C19 genotypes in patients with myocardial infarction in the northern region of Russia
Authors: Vorobyov A. S. , Lifshits G. I. , Zelenskaya E. M. , Batueva K. Yu. , Kovalenko L. V. , Urvantseva I. A. , Donnikov M. Yu. , Morozkina A. V. , Nikolaev K. Yu.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To determine the associations of allelic variants of the CYP2C19 gene with coronary atherosclerosis and ischemic events in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) living in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra.

Material and methods. This prospective observational study included 203 patients with acute MI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients also underwent genetic testing using real-time polymerase chain reaction to determine allelic variants of the CYP2C19 gene. Using biostatistical analysis methods, associations were established between the genotypes of patients with MI, their clinical characteristics and major ischemic events over 7-year follow-up.

Results. Significant associations were identified between allelic variants of CYP2C19*2 (*1/*2 and *2/*2) and smoking, right ventricular volume and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The presence of the allelic variant CYP2C19*3 (*3/*3) was associated with GFR ³90 ml/min/1,73 m2 and impaired glucose tolerance. A significant association was established between the CYP2C19*17 alleles (*1/*17, *17/*17) with coronary atherosclerosis, smoking, levels of troponin T, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, and a history of myocardial infarction. Data from multivariate analysis showed a clear association of allelic variants of CYP2C19*2 (*1/*2 and *2/*2) with the composite endpoint of 7-year follow-up (death, recurrent myocardial infarction, stent/bypass thrombosis, myocardial revascularization). A significant influence of CYP2C19*17 genotypes (*1/*17 and *17/*17) on myocardial revascularization in patients in the post-infarction period was also determined.

Conclusion. CYP2C19*2 genotypes (*1/*2 and *2/*2) in MI patients living in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra are clearly associated with ischemic events during a 7-year follow-up. CYP2C19*17 genotypes (*1/*17 and *17/*17) are clearly associated with coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial revascularization in the long-term post-infarction period.
Influence of genetic characteristics of patients on systolic and diastolic function after acute myocardial infarction: a literature review
Authors: Golovenkin S. E. , Nikulina S. Yu. , Bubnova M. G. , Shulman V. N. , Maksimov V. N.
Published: November 2023

The most important task in providing care to patients with myocardial infarction is maintaining myocardial contractility. The article discusses issues related to the influence of genetic characteristics of patients on the repair of infarcted myocardium, the remodeling process, and restoration of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. One approach to improving the predictive ability of genetic testing is to combine information about many nucleotide sequence variants into a single risk score, often called a polygenic risk score. The article examines recent publications on the creation and use of polygenic risk scores. The use of genetic methods during examination, further consideration of the individual characteristics of each patient when choosing therapy and prescribing a course of rehabilitation will allow for an individual approach to each patient, which in turn should have a positive impact on the disease prognosis.
Cardiology 2023: the time of genetics
Authors: Nikulina S. Yu. , Zateyshikov D. A.
Published: November 2023

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Исследование родословной – теория и практика. Монография - руководство
Authors:   ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», Пинаев Владимир , Ледащева Татьяна ,   ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов», Головачева Ирина
Published: November 2023

Данная монография посвящена практике проведения генеалогических исследований – восстановления родословной семьи. Авторы имеют значительный практический опыт восстановления родословной (от наших дней до 1650 г.) в том числе – поиска и увековечения памяти воинов, погибших в период Великой Отечественной войны 1941 - 1945 г. Монография-руководство предназначена для широкой аудитории, в том числе, молодых людей, желающих восстановить свою родословную и увековечить память о предках для своих потомков. Данная монография-руководство включает необходимый для восстановления родословной алгоритм реализации генеалогических исследований и конкретные примеры, ссылки на возможные источники информации.
Развитие русской музыкальной культуры второй половины XIX- начала ХХ вв.: приоритеты и тенденции
Authors: Логачёва Наталья
Published: November 2023

В учебно- методическом пособии рассматриваются основные направления развития музыкальной культуры в России второй половины XIX- начала ХХ вв.., анализируются факторы, определившие ее эволюцию. Представлены теоретико-методологические и практические аспекты развития музыкального искусства и нотоиздательской деятельности в пореформенной России. особое внимание уделено развитию нотопечатания и такому яркому представителю этой профессии, как П.И. Юргенсон. Для студентов, аспирантов, преподавателей общественных дисциплин, специалистов в сфере социально-гуманитарного знания и всех, интересующихся отечественной историей и культурой.
SPORT ORIENTEERING: topics and terminology
Authors: Дытко Екатерина , Ершова Наталья
Published: November 2023

Цель данного пособия – подготовить студентов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки 49.03.04 «Спорт» (спортивная подготовка по виду спорта (лыжный спорт и спортивное ориентирование), тренерско-преподавательская деятельность в образовании), обучающихся с правом свободного посещения учебных занятий данного направления подготовки, к самостоятельному чтению аутентичной литературы по физической культуре и спорту, а также сформировать навыки устной и письменной речи на иностранном языке в пределах изучаемой тематики. Пособие построено на принципах сознательно-коммуникативного обучения иностранному языку и разработано в соответствии с ФГОС ВО 3++ и программными требованиями дисциплины «Иностранный язык». Настоящее пособие предназначено для студентов, обучающихся с правом свободного посещения по направлениям подготовки 49.03.04 «Спорт», 49.03.01 «Физическая культура». Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета Великолукской государственной академии физической культуры и спорта. Утверждено Ученым советом ВЛГАФК от 24 марта 2022 года, протокол № 08.