bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anticancer activity of leaves extracts of Convolvulus pluricaulis and Mimosa rubicaulis (Lam.) by Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay
Authors: Tamboli Ashpak. M. , Wadkar Kiran. A.
Published: November 2021

This study was subjected to investigate brine shrimp lethality bioassay of Convolvulus pluricaulis and Mimosa rubicaulis (Lam.) in different polarities of leaves extracts. Brine shrimp organisms were used to assess the cytotoxic activities of various polarities of leaves extracts while using brine shrimp lethality bioassay the cytotoxicity had been assessed and correlated with standard. Five concentrations (20, 50,100,200,500µg/ml) of each extract were used to find out the cytotoxicity. The Artemia salina lethality bioassay result was evaluated in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration).In each plant extracts into three replicates concentration naupli were added. After 24 h the surviving Artemia salina larvae were counted and LC50 was assessed. The cytotoxic activity of all polarities of extracts displayed activity within the value of LC50 (132.10–266.76 µg/ml) for Convolvulus pluricaulis and (213.86–279.47 µg/ml) for Mimosa rubicaulis (Lam.) Results revealed that the ethyl acetate extracts of Convolvulus pluricaulis and ethanolic extracts of Mimosa rubicaulis (Lam.) elicit significant activity compared to other extracts it indicated biologically active components are present in ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts that could be accounted for its pharmacological effects.
Application of Central Composite Design for screening and Optimization of HPTLC method for simultaneous quantitation of Aprepitant, Dexamethasone and Ondansetron in their synthetic mixtures
Authors: Devi Singh Veena , Kumar Singh Vijay , J Daharwal Sanjay
Published: November 2021

New HPTLC method was developed and optimized for estimation of Ondansetron (OND), Dexamethasone (DEX) and Aprepitant (APT) in laboratory prepared ternary mixtures by using Central composite design (CCD). The independent variables used for the optimization were the acetone content in mobile phase (%mL), distance of developing solvent (cm) and saturation time (min). HPTLC Separation was performed on Precoated silica gel F254 aluminum plate (10X10 cm, 100μm thickness) with a mobile phase consisting of chloroform: methanol: acetone: ethyl acetate: ammonia (9:4:2:5:0.2 % v/v/v/v). Quantification of OND, APT and DEX were achieved based on a Densitometric analysis over the concentration range of 200-1200 ng/band, 500-1000 ng/band and 1000-2000 ng/band, respectively, at 254nm. The method was yielded dense and well-resolved bands at Rf values of 0.54± 0.02, 0.79±0.02 and 0.23±0.01 for OND, APT and DEX, respectively. The linear regression analysis for the calibration plots produced r2= 0.9997, r2= 0.9998 and r2=0.9997 for OND, APT and DEX, respectively. The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. The robustness test was determined that the selected factors have an insignificant effect on the responses. The results indicated that the method is suitable for the routine quality control testing of OND, APT and DEX in their bulk form.
The Phenomenon Of Ecstatic Time In Hovhannes Toumanyan’s Quatrains
Authors: Hambardzumyan Naira
Published: November 2021

В XX–XXI веках было переосмыслено онтологическое пространство текста, что ознаменовало и систематизировало границы материального и идеального, свободы авторского замысла в единстве материи и духа, а также в других ипостасях. В контексте сказанного онтология четверостиший Ованеса Туманяна формируется с помощью идей, образов, языка, смысла и т.д., а характеристикой его стиля (авторского почерка) становятся дефиниции, лишенные духовных запретов.
Job Motivation as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Job Stress And Job Performance of Police Officers at the Federal Territory Police Headquarters
Authors: Arujunan Kalaikumar , Ismail Ismi Arif , Othman Shamsuddin , Arshad Mohd Mursyid
Published: November 2021

Effectiveness of an organization is largely dependent on its employees’ job performance. Job performance is influenced by job stress and job motivation, whereby job motivation is believed to have a mediation effect in the relationship between job stress and job performance.  Hence, this paper is aimed at identifying the relationship between these three variables among Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) officers at the Federal Territory Police Headquarters. This is a quantitative study for which data has been collected from 341 police officers through a survey. Data was analyzed statistically using PLS-SEM. Findings showed that there was a significant, negative relationship between job performance and job stress; and between job stress and job motivation. Job motivation was found to be a significant mediator in the relationship between job stress and job performance.
Movie Genre Classification from RGB Movie Poster Image Using Deep Feed-forward Network
Authors: Ahmed Korai Mushtaque , Hussain Bouk Altaf , Hameed Sindhi Abdul
Published: November 2021

A movie poster image is one of the important media in the filmmaking process, providing valuable information about the movie, such as movie titles, characters, and genres. Identifying a movie genre from a poster can be a daunting task, as it can relate to multiple genres. To solve this problem, this paper uses a deep feedforward neural network to classify movie genres from movie poster images. In this regard, we used and trained a state-of-the-art InceptionV3 deep neural network. The network is trained on our dataset consisting of 36,423 movie poster images taken from the IMDB website, which is categorized into 28 genres. The model predicts the top three classes with the highest probability of a particular movie poster.
MANEJO DA PALHA DA AVEIA PRETA SOBRE A CULTURA DA SOJA EM SEMEADURA DIRETA
Authors: OHSE Silvana , Dos SANTOS Jean Francisco , NOGARA Willian Junior Partica , CORTEZ Marluce Gonçalves
Published: November 2021

A cultura da aveia preta é utilizada como cobertura do solo durante o inverno em área expressiva dos Campos Gerais/Paraná. Assim, conduziu-se um experimento em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições, constando de 3 níveis do fator época de dessecação da aveia preta (30, 15 e 0 dias antes da semeadura-DAS) e 3 níveis do fator manejo mecânico da palha (rolagem longitudinal, transversal e ausência de rolagem), com objetivo de avaliar o efeito destes fatores sobre o desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas e da cultura da soja, cv. CD-205. Não houve interação entre os fatores para nenhuma das variáveis avaliadas. A época de dessecação da aveia preta influenciou o teor de água no solo, o qual foi maior quando realizada aos 30 DAS; a densidade de plantas daninhas, com menores valores quando da dessecação aos 15 DAS e a estatura da cultura da soja em R7, aos 30 DAS, não repercutindo em produtividade. A rolagem da palha de aveia preta no sentido transversal e ausência de rolagem tiveram efeito supressivo sobre o desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas, denotado pela maior cobertura do solo, menores valores de massa fresca e seca, reduzindo a competição interespecífica, beneficiando a cultura da soja, a qual produziu 18,43 e 15,32% a mais que quando da rolagem no sentido Longitudinal, respectivamente. Conclui-se que, para estas condições, o mais econômico é não rolar a aveia preta, minimizando gastos com mão de obra, combustível, depreciação de equipamentos, reduzindo com isso, a compactação e desagregação do solo, independentemente da época de dessecação.
Medo e Ansiedade durante o tratamento odontológico: Como a Psicologia pode ajudar?
Authors: MACHADO Elaine Aparecida Ferreira , PINTO Rodrigo Moreira Caetano
Published: November 2021

A ansiedade é caracterizada por uma preocupação excessiva de que algo ruim vai acontecer, associada ao medo, como resposta emocional por uma ameaça real ou imaginária. Muitas pessoas enfrentam ansiedade e medo ao se depararem com os procedimentos odontológicos. O presente estudo dedicou-se a compreender as raízes do sofrimento psicológico durante o atendimento odontológico. Além de identificar os gatilhos que desencadeiam ansiedade, em relação aos procedimentos odontológicos, buscou-se compreender o grau de ansiedade dos pacientes. Estudaram-se, ainda, as possíveis técnicas da terapia cognitivo-comportamental, a serem utilizadas para redução da ansiedade. Quanto a metodologia, classificou-se pela pesquisa de campo e realizou-se por meio de questionários online, após apreciação pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa. A população amostral constituiu-se como parte entre homens e mulheres com a faixa etária entre 16 e 60 anos, que passaram por atendimento odontológico. Outra parte amostral constituiu-se por profissionais de odontologia que fazem atendimento em diferentes especialidades: implantodontia; ortodontia; periodontia; endodontia, cirurgia bucomaxilofacial, cirurgião dentista clínico geral. Constatou-se que o medo e a ansiedade estão presentes nos diversos fatores que antecedem o procedimento odontológico, bem como o profissional dentista deve estar atento as reações do paciente proporcionando um atendimento diferenciado ao mesmo. Demonstrou-se que a psicologia e a odontologia podem criar interfaces em prol da redução da ansiedade dos pacientes.
RECOGNITION OF A 600-KM-LONG LATE TRIASSIC RARE METAL (Li-Rb-Be-Nb-Ta) PEGMATITE BELT IN THE WESTERN KUNLUN OROGENIC BELT, WESTERN CHINA
Authors: Yan Qing-He , Wang He , Chi Guoxiang , Wang Qiang , Hu Huan , Zhou Kailin , Zhang Xiao-Yu
Published: November 2021

The rising demand of strategic metals, especially lithium, necessitates discovery of new resources to meet the global supply chain. Recently, several pegmatite-hosted rare metal (Li-Rb-Be-Nb-Ta) deposits have been discovered in the Western Kunlun orogenic belt, making it a new world-class rare metal resource (estimated ~7 Mt Li2O and 0.16 Mt BeO). Understanding the metallogenesis of this belt is critical to further evaluate the rare metal potential. In this study, columbite-tantalite (coltan) and monazite from rare metal pegmatites and zircon from potential parental granites were collected from five representative rare metal pegmatite deposits in the western, middle, and eastern parts of the Western Kunlun orogenic belt for U-Pb geochronology. The results indicate that despite the distances of the sampling localities in different parts of the Western Kunlun orogenic belt, the ages of pegmatite-hosted rare metal mineralization fall in a narrow range of ca. 208–204 Ma. These rare metal pegmatites are temporally and spatially related to adjacent postorogenic granites emplaced following the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. The compositional characteristics of K-feldspar, biotite, and muscovite of the granites and pegmatites, along with regional mineralogical and textural zonation of the pegmatites, suggest that the rare metal pegmatites were derived from the volumetrically much more important, highly fractionated granitic intrusions. We propose that, in combination with the data from previous studies, the 218–204 Ma interval represents a newly recognized rare metal metallogenic period linked with granitic intrusions in the Western Kunlun orogenic belt, revealing a 600-km-long late Triassic rare metal pegmatite belt composed of multiple ore fields formed in a similar metallogenic setting. These results emphasize the importance of identifying fertile, Late Triassic to Early Jurassic granitic intrusions for rare metal pegmatite exploration. Furthermore, combined with recent studies on the Songpan-Ganzi rare metal pegmatite belt along the eastern segment of the Paleo-Tethys, this study further highlights the great potential of rare metal resources in this global tectonic zone.
PERIAPICAL CYST IN DENTAL HOSPITAL FACULTY OF DENTISTRY UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA 2018-2019 PERIOD
Authors: Eida Vitria Evy , Tofani Iwan , Anneta Artha L. Malau Maria
Published: November 2021

A periapical cyst is a lesion often found in dental practice. It is an odontogenic cyst of inflammatory origin with an epithelial wall originating from the epithelial rests of Malassez found in the periodontal ligament. Its high prevalence compared to other types of the odontogenic cyst and the absence of recent study of its distribution and frequency based on age, gender, tooth element, position, condition of the involved tooth, and its treatment render the need for further study. A retrospective descriptive study was done using the secondary data found in the patient's medical record. The study showed some patients with periapical cysts were at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in the 2018-2019 period. The frequency and distribution of periapical cyst are primarily found in the third decade of life (39.1%). It found more in female patients (69.6%), more often involved maxillary lateral incisive (33.3%), mostly found at the apical of involved teeth (77.8%), involved teeth condition were more often pulp necrosis (63.0%), and endodontic treatment was the more chosen treatment (22.2%).
Historia y sus métodos. El problema de la metodología en la investigación histórica
Authors: Tkocz Izabela , Trujillo Holguín Jesús Adolfo
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo enfocarse en la problemática de la metodología de la  investigacion histórica, la cual comprende los estudios del pasado como parte de las humanidades, interrelacionadas entre si varias disciplinas, en algunos casos difíciles de separar o con los límites entre ellas difícil de ubicar. La temática de la metodología de la investigacion histórica está relacionada con el trabajo dentro de la tesis doctoral, realizada en Posgrado de Filosofía y Letras en la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, titulada “Las influencias de la propaganda socialista soviética en la cultura y educación dentro de la década de los 20 y 30 en Chihuahua” bajo dirección de doctor Jesús Adolfo Trujillo Holguín. Desde principio de la investigación surgió problema del trabajo con los fuentes primarios, el cuestión de la veracidad de los datos encontrados, la verificación de la autenticidad, contextualización y finalmente, probablemente el proceso la más difícil la reflexión e interpretación. En búsqueda de la metodología o metodologías  que ayudarían con la problemática presentada se revisó propuestas de los diferentes autores -entre quienes destacan Jenkins, Topolski, Gotschalk y Handelsman  y maneras en que tratan solucionar el problema. Finalmente se optó por división de los metodos en dos partes una que permitiría  seleccionar y verificar los datos  y la segunda adecuada para la interpretación de las fuentes primarias.  En el presente trabajo se pretende exponer las metodologías usadas como también justificar y defender las selecionadas.
Las habilidades de pensamiento e informativas en el libro de texto de español: cronología de los planes de estudio en México
Authors: González-López Mariela , Machin-Mastromatteo Juan Daniel , Tarango Javier
Published: November 2021

Este artículo presenta un estudio histórico-lógico de los planes de estudio de educación primaria en México de 1973, 1993, 2011 y 2017, a través de los libros de texto de español del primer grado, utilizados para el desarrollo y adquisición de la lectura y escritura en los niños. El objetivo es dar a conocer los modelos de lectoescritura y las habilidades de pensamiento e informativas que incluyen estos materiales, para realizar el análisis de convergencias y divergencias en cuanto a la calidad educativa. Las conclusiones, desde la perspectiva interpretativa y pedagógica, destacan que los métodos de enseñanza de la lectoescritura de 1973 a 2017 han sido el silábico, palabras normales, el método global o de análisis estructural y ecléctico. Hasta el momento se siguen implementando los mismos métodos, aunque las habilidades cognitivas se enseñaban más a menudo en los planes de estudios de 1973 a 1993. Además, las habilidades informativas son evidentes cuando se tratan de la selección de información y el abordaje de géneros documentales como periódicos, revistas, enciclopedias y libros de texto; aunque no son suficientes actividades para su desarrollo. En los planes de estudio de 2011 y 2017 se promueve más el uso de herramientas digitales y el apoyo tecnológico.
Enfoques metodológicos en la investigación histórica: cuantitativa, cualitativa y comparativa
Authors: Sánchez Molina Arturo Alexander , Murillo Garza Angélica
Published: November 2021

El presente escrito tiene la finalidad de dar a conocer al lector las características de los enfoques metodológicos que emplean los historiadores para llevar a cabo procesos de investigación. Existen diferentes caminos para indagar la realidad social. La investigación científica en ciencias sociales se puede abordar desde tres paradigmas o alternativas metodológicas: cuantitativa, cualitativa y comparativa. A pesar de que cada opción metodológica se sustenta en supuestos diferentes y tiene sus reglas y formas básicas de acción, establecidas y compartidas por la propia comunidad científica, no son métodos excluyentes, se complementan. Se pretende mostrar al lector como se puede ejercer la metodología del método comparativo y su paso enfático en el desarrollo de la historia y, por qué no, en su aplicación en el aula para comprender los fenómenos académicos relacionados directamente con la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la Historia en el nivel de educación básica, específicamente en secundaria.
The Association Between Gender and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Patients in Almarj City-Libya
Authors: Ehmaida Fatma KH.  Ali , Hemdan Sokaina Saad , Aljebaly Asmaa M.
Published: November 2021

This study was carried out to provide new data on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and any suggestions for the prevention of what is a life-threatening disorder. Four hundred and seventy-three type 2 diabetic mellitus patients from Almarj general hospital were used: (222) females and (251) males for the period from October -2017 to April – 2018.The study focused on the relationship between genders and complications of diabetes mellitus. The study showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between hypertension, heart disease, respiratory dysfunction, nephropathy, urinary tract infection, anemia, hypothyroidism, diabetic ketoacidosis, gastric infection, and gender. On the other hand, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) relationship was found between hepatopathy and foot complications and gender. Findings showed that males with the risk of the dangers of type 2 diabetes mellitus complications were more than females in Almarj city.
Outcomes of Total Surgical Correction for Tetralogy of Fallot in Benghazi
Authors: Mustafa Marium Mohamed , Elfatory Rasmyia H. , Gadwar Aziza I. , Elshreef Khadija imhemed , Alshabi Hagir M.
Published: November 2021

Tetrology of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease, accounting for 10% of all types of congenital heart disease. Despite decreased mortality rates by improvement in surgery and post-cardiac intensive care, there continues to be late postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes after total repair of tetralogy of Fallot, including 44 children who underwent complete surgical repair between 2000 to 2018. Data were collected from medical records and directly from patients during their visit to the clinic, that included: history, clinical examination, gender, age at operation, results of ECG, Holter monitoring, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, cardiac CT scan. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to18 years. Results revealed that the M/F ratio was 1.4:1. Also, two patients had a previous palliative systemic artery to PA shunt. A TAP was inserted in 22 (50%) patients. Postoperative complications were: severe PR 29%, small residual VSD 18.1%, and two patients had significant VSD which needed surgical intervention, residual RVOT 8.1%, RBBB 97.7%, There was three death (6.8%), and 36.3% of patients will need surgical intervention in the future. It was concluded that follow-ups up to adulthood to monitor potential complications are necessary. QRS duration is used for monitoring ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death. Echocardiography is a non-invasive tool in diagnosis, before and at the time of surgery, as well as in follow-ups.
Teachers’ Perception of Advantages and Disadvantages of Kahoot!
Authors: Rajabpour Abouzar
Published: November 2021

Many instructors around the world have been using different Game-based Student Response Systems due to the rise in the variety and availability of digital educational and commercial games. Kahoot, one of the most popular among these systems, provides a game experience by combining theory of intrinsic motivation and game-flow with the help of audio/visual aids. In spite of the numerous attempts to evaluate this game-based tool according, limited research has focused on teachers’ perceptions of the potential strengths and weaknesses of Kahoot, specifically in GCC countries.  Employing focus group interviews, this study attempts to shed some light on the potential advantages and disadvantages of Kahoot by gathering the views of teachers who work at the Center for Preparatory Studies at a university in Oman. Results indicate that although teachers believe that Kahoot is qualified with several positive features, it still suffers from several disadvantages in which it can definitely improve.
Dil-Düşünce Sistemlerinde Farklı Bir Kavramsal İlişki: Eski Türkçe Örneğinde Yönlülük İlkesi
Authors: AZILI Kenan
Published: November 2021

İnsanoğlunun varlığının ve düşünce sistemlerinin temeline yerleştirilen “mekânda var olma” gerçeği, dil sistemlerini oluşturan çeşitli formlarda etkisini göstermektedir. Mekânın içinde bulunma, aynı zamanda mekânın çeşitli öz niteliklerinin de düşünce sistemlerinde kullanılmasını gerektirmekte; buna bağlı olarak ifade biçimlerinin mekânsal özelliklere göre meydana gelmesine ve doğrudan mekâna bağlı olmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bir nevi fizik ve metafor sistemlerini bir araya getiren bu sonucun diller üzerinde oldukça fazla izleri bulunmaktadır. Mekâna ait yatay, dikey ve yan eksenlerdeki ileri/geri, aşağı/yukarı ve sağ/sol gibi altı yön, kimi dil birimlerinde gramerleşme ve kelime türetimlerinden farklı morfolojik ve sentaktik stratejilere kadar birçok dillik sahada mantıksal ilişkileri düzenlemektedir. Modern ve tarihsel dil dönemlerinde tespit edilen dil formlarının büyük bir kısmının yukarıdaki yönlere bağlı kök formlardan türetilerek kimi metaforik ve kavramsal gelişimler gösterdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bunlar, literatürde “yönlülük ilkesi” olarak nitelendirilebilecek bazı ilkeler çerçevesinde meydana gelmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, Türkçenin çeşitli açılardan gelişimlerinin takip edildiği ilk yazılı dönemi olan Eski Türkçedeki yönlülüğe bağlı olarak gelişen çeşitli formlar ve bunların kavramsal ilişkileri değerlendirilecektir. Daha önce yapılan çeşitli çalışmalardan hareketle ortaya konulmuş yönlülük ilkelerinin doğurduğu sonuçlar ele alınacak ve Türkçenin yönlülük ilkesine bağlı stratejileri teorik açıdan irdelenecektir.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Islam Klasik Al-Zarnuji di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Musthafa Izzuddin , Meliani Fitri
Published: November 2021

Al-Zarnuji dalam kitab Talim Mutaalim memiliki visi jauh ke depan bahwasanya pendidikan perlu dibekali dengan keilmuan akhlak maupun adab yang baik demi kebermanfaatan dan keberlangsungan pola pendidikan yang agamis serta teknologis. Bahwasanya dalam pemanfaatan dunia digital tetap harus dibersamai dengan ruhiyah akhlak yang baik demi mewujudkan pemanfaatan teknologi yang positif, tanpa harus mengindahkan satu sama lain keilmuan yang sejatinya dapat berjalan secara beriringan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode library research. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tujuan belajar menempati posisi yang penting dalam belajar. Dalam Kitab Ta’lim Muta’allim tujuan dikenal dengan niat. Pembelajaran adab sebelum ilmu sangat penting karena dengan adablah penuntut ilmu menjadi lebih terkendali dalam enggunaan teknologi dan tidak melakukan kemaksiatan saat sedang sendiri. Metode Belajar Al-Zarnuji mengemukakan beberapa metode belajar, diantaranya yaitu: intinya kepada keberhasilan anak memperoleh pemahaman. Lingkungan Dalam Kitab Ta’lim Muta’allim dikemukakan beberapa lingkungan yang ikut mempengaruhi proses belajar murid. Pembentukan pribadi atau hasil belajar murid sangat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan, dalam proses belajar bukan hanya meliputi aspek murid dan guru, melainkan juga ruang, alat-alat dan segala yang ada dan terjadi selama proses belajar berlangsung.
Ứng dụng mạng neuron để dự báo mưa kết hợp mạng cảm biến không dây
Authors: Tran Kim Toai  , Duong Cao Trong Nhan  , Vo Minh Huan
Published: November 2021

Trong thời gian gần đây, các thuật toán máy học được ứng dụng rộng rãi cho việc giải quyết các bài toán dự đoán phức tạp trong đó có dự báo thời tiết. Với những ưu điểm vượt trội như tính linh hoạt, độ chính xác cao, đa dạng về ứng dụng, xử lý dữ liệu có tính biến động theo thời gian, các thuật toán máy học mang tính khách quan và đáp ứng được nhiều yêu cầu của thực tiễn hơn so với các phương pháp trước đây. Mục đích nghiên cứu mà tác giả muốn hướng đến là thiết kế hệ thống dự báo mưa dựa trên mạng nơron nhân tạo kết hợp với mạng cảm biến không dây. Mạng nơron nhân tạo sẽ xử lý các thông số môi trường được thu thập từ mạng cảm biến để đưa ra dự báo về sự kiện mưa. Mô hình mạng nơron sẽ được xây dựng và lựa chọn các thông số phù hợp bằng các sai số dự đoán. Hiệu suất của hệ thống dự báo thời tiết với mô hình mạng nơron đã xây dựng sẽ được kiểm chứng thông qua quá trình thực nghiệm với lượng dữ liệu được thu thập từ thực tế. Hệ thống có thể cập nhật liên tục các thông số môi trường tại nhiều địa điểm. Cơ sở dữ liệu sẽ luôn được cập nhật liên tục với các thông số được thu thập theo thời gian thực và đa dạng vì dữ liệu sẽ được thu thập tại nhiều địa điểm lắp đặt các nút cảm biến trong một khu vực lớn triển khai mạng cảm biến không dây để tăng thêm độ tin cậy cho kết quả dự báo. Đồng thời, cơ sở dữ liệu cũng sẽ dựa trên những thông số được lấy từ các website lưu trữ lịch sử thời tiết làm cơ sở cho tập huấn luyện của mô hình hệ thống. Ngoài ra, kết quả dự báo của hệ thống sẽ sự kiện thời tiết sắp tới theo mô hình phân loại (mưa hay không mưa) thay vì các thông số thời tiết, như vậy sẽ dễ dàng hơn cho người dùng hoặc các hệ thống tự động vì nếu kết quả dự báo là các thông số thời tiết thì ta phải phân tích các thông số dự đoán này sau đó mới có thể gửi đến người dùng. Với kết quả dự báo là sự kiện mưa mà tác giả đang hướng đến, từ phía người dùng hay các hệ thống tự động có thể đưa ra quyết định thực thi hay không các tác vụ như tưới tiêu, phun sương, ... để đảm bảo nông sản trong các ứng dụng nông nghiệp chính.
Generational Socioemotional Wealth and Debt Maturity: Evidence from Private Family Firms of GIPSI Countries
Authors: Domenichelli Oscar , Bettin Giulia
Published: November 2021

In this paper we investigate the relationship between generational socioemotional wealth (SEW) and debt maturity structure in private family firms of GIPSI countries for the period 2010-2018. This appears to be quite an important issue to study, given that SEW is a peculiar aspect of family firms and its impact on the debt maturity structure, still relatively unexplored, is likely to change according to the generation running the family business. We show that the importance attached to SEW decreases when moving from the firms’ founder to the subsequent generations, with a negative effect on the amount of long-term debt. The forward-looking orientation of first-generation family firms favours long-term credit by banks in order to expand a healthy business which can be inherited by future generations. These businesses are hence perceived as less risky and more value-creating by external creditors, compared to later-generation family firms. Alternatively, SEW preservation is often less of a target in later-generation family firms, because some descendants consider the firm simply as a source of extra finance and conflicts of interest often arise between multiple generations or different family branches entering the business. Short-term debt may then be employed as a signaling effect of the quality of the firm. At the same time, borrowing long-term capital may become difficult if lenders question the creditworthiness of these businesses. This issue emerged dramatically during the sovereign debt crisis, when a significant contraction of credit to firms was observed throughout the GIPSI countries.
Bedaquiline for multidrug-resistant TB in paediatric patients
Authors: Moodliar R. , Aksenova V. , Frias M. V. G. , van de Logt J. , Rossenu S. , Birmingham E. , Zhuo S. , Mao G. , Lounis N. , Kambili C. , Bakare N. , on behalf of the TMC207-C211 study group
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: TMC207-C211 (NCT02354014) is a Phase 2, open-label, multicentre, single-arm study to evaluate pharmacokinetics, safety/tolerability, antimycobacterial activity and dose selection of bedaquiline (BDQ) in children (birth to <18 years) with multidrug-resistant-TB
(MDR-TB).METHODS: Patients received 24 weeks’ BDQ with an anti-MDR-TB background regimen (BR), followed by 96 weeks of safety follow-up. Results of the primary analysis are presented based on data up to 24 weeks for Cohort 1 (≥12–<18 years; approved adult tablet
at the adult dosage) and Cohort 2 (≥5–<12 years; age-appropriate 20 mg tablet at half the adult dosage).RESULTS: Both cohorts had 15 patients, of whom respectively 53% and 40% of Cohort 1 and Cohort 2 children had confirmed/probable pulmonary MDR-TB. Most patients completed
24 weeks´ BDQ/BR treatment (Cohort 1: 93%; Cohort 2: 67%). Geometric mean BDQ area under the curve 168h values of 119,000 ng.h/mL (Cohort 1) and 118,000 ng.h/mL (Cohort 2) at Week 12 were within 60–140% (86,200–201,000 ng.h/mL) of adult target values. Few adverse
event (AE) related discontinuations or serious AEs, and no QTcF >460 ms during BDQ/BR treatment or deaths occurred. Of MGIT-evaluable patients, 6/8 (75%) Cohort 1 and 3/3 (100%) Cohort 2 culture converted.CONCLUSION: In children and adolescents aged ≥5–<18 years with
MDR-TB, including pre-extensively drug-resistant-TB (pre-XDR-TB) or XDR-TB, 24 weeks of BDQ provided a comparable pharmacokinetic and safety profile to adults.
Expanding the use of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in multidrug-resistant TB
Authors: Murphy R. A. , Douglas-Jones B. , Mucinya G. , Sunpath H. , Govender T.
Published: November 2021

The wider availability of dolutegravir (DTG) containing HIV therapy for patients living with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) presents several advantages. DTG-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) has superior potency, reduces pill burden, and may reduce overall treatment-related toxicity,
giving it the potential to improve outcomes in both diseases. While the uptake of DTG-based ART in programs where drug-resistant TB is treated remains unknown, there is early evidence from three programs that uptake is increasing. The use of DTG-based ART should be scaled-up, beginning with
antiretroviral-naïve or virologically suppressed patients initiating MDR-TB treatment.
Teaching qualities in piano works by Henryk Pachulski in the context of the development of piano technique
in children and youth. Part 1
Authors: Domagała Jarosław
Published: November 2021

Henryk Pachulski (1852-1921) – a Polish composer, pianist, and teacher. He graduated from the Warsaw Institute of Music, having studied piano with Rudolf Strobl. His harmony and counterpoint teachers were Stanisław Moniuszko and Władysław Żeleński. After that,
he studied piano at the Moscow Conservatory with Nicolai Rubinstein and then Pawel Pabst. He learnt harmony from E. L. Langer, then Anton Arensky with whom he also had a special course in counterpoint. In 1886 he started his teaching career at the Moscow Conservatory, which lasted over 30 years. He also performed as a pianist in Moscow, Petersburg, and Warsaw. Pachulski was acknowledged for his technical aptitude, but he gained the greatest recognition as a teacher and a composer. He created over a hundred piano works, including three sonatas, two cycles of variations, two polonaises, two mazurkas, three waltzes, preludes, studies, impromptus, and more. He also wrote chamber, vocal and orchestra compositions, as well as piano transcriptions for orchestra and chamber pieces.
This article presents the composer’s music and teaching activity, it also touches on teaching qualities of his piano works. It pays special attention to technical aspects, and the analysis also covers the formal side of these compositions. While preparing the text, the author used information included in the Polish music press from the turn of the 20th century, music collection of the National Library in Warsaw, archive documents, and foreign sources.
Contingent liabilities or hidden liabilities? A review of disclosures
Authors: Hońko Stanisław
Published: November 2021

This article aims to analyze information on contingent liabilities in the financial statements of selected listed companies. It forms part of the discussion on the principle of materiality, which recommends equivalence of the numerical part and notes to the financial statements. The study shows that the achievement of this equivalence is difficult, if at all possible. Contingent liabilities are not a popular research area. It is possible that this article may contribute to filling this gap.
Query Answer Reformulation over Knowledge Bases
Authors: V. Pinheiro João Pedro , Casanova Marco A. , S. Menendez Elisa
Published: November 2021

The answer of a query, submitted to a database or a knowledge base, is often long and may contain redundant data. The user is frequently forced to browse through a long answer or refine and repeat the query until the answer reaches a manageable size. Without proper treatment, consuming the answer may indeed become a tedious task. This article then proposes a process that modifies the presentation of a query answer to improve the quality of the user’s experience in the context of an RDF knowledge base. The process reorganizes the original query answer by applying heuristics to summarize the results and to select template questions that create a user dialog that guides the presentation of the results. The article also includes experiments based on RDF versions of MusicBrainz, enriched with DBpedia data, and IMDb, each with over 200 million RDF triples. The experiments use sample queries from well-known benchmarks.
Investigation of Potassium Chloride for Euthanasia of Anesthetized Marine Toads (Rhinella marina)
Authors: Louis Meghan M. , Scott Gregory , Smith Dustin , Troan Brigid V. , Minter Larry J. , Balko Julie A.
Published: November 2021

Euthanasia techniques in amphibians are poorly described and sparsely validated. This study investigated potassium chloride (KCl) for euthanasia of anesthetized marine toads ( Rhinella marina ). Twenty three toads were immersed in buffered MS-222 (2 g/L) for five minutes (min) beyond loss of righting reflex, manually removed, and randomly administered KCl (n = 6/group) via one of three routes: intracardiac at 10 mEq/kg (IC), intracoelomic at 100 mEq/kg (ICe), or immersion at 4500 mEq/L (IMS) or no treatment (C) (n = 5/group). Doppler sounds were assessed continuously from prior to treatment until two min post-treatment and every five min thereafter until sound cessation or resumption of spontaneous movement. Plasma potassium concentration (K+) was measured at the time of Doppler sound cessation in ICe and IMS. In IC, ICe, IMS, and C, Doppler sound cessation occurred in 4/6, 6/6, 6/6, and 1/5 toads with median (range) or mean + SD times of 0.23 (0-4.65), 17.5 + 9.0, 40.6 + 10.9, and >420 min, respectively. Nonsuccess in 2/6 toads in IC was suspected due to technique failure. Plasma K+ exceeded the limits of detection (>9 mmol/L) in 12/12 toads in ICe and IMS. Five of six toads in C resumed spontaneous movement at median (range) times of 327 (300-367) min. KCl delivered via an intracardiac, intracoelomic, or immersion routes resulted in Doppler sound cessation in 16 of 18 toads and may be appropriate for euthanasia of anesthetized marine toads.
Uso (y abuso?) del Derecho de excepción en los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea durante la pandemia
Authors: Díaz Crego María
Published: November 2021

La presente pandemia se ha convertido ya en un auténtico banco de pruebas para el estudio del Derecho de excepción y su aplicacion práctica. A la par que el Covid-19 se extendía por todos los confínes del planeta, los Estados se apresuraban a adoptar duras medidas de contención, encuadrándolas, en muchas ocasiones, en uno de los estados de excepción previstos por su texto constitucional. En ese contexto, este trabajo analiza la utilización del Derecho de excepción en los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea desde marzo de 2020 hasta junio de 2021, centrándose especialmente en el papel de los parlamentos nacionales y los tribunales internos a la hora de evitar eventuales abusos de poder por parte del ejercutivo en la gestión de la pandemia.
СИНТЕЗ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ НАНОТРУБОК С ПОМОЩЬЮ СВЧ: ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, СВОЙСТВА И СТРУКТУРА
Authors: Shchegolkov A.V. , Shchegolkov A.V.
Published: November 2021

В статье представлен синтез углеродных нанотрубок (УНТ) с помощью СВЧ, обоснована технология и проведено исследование свойства и структуры УНТ. Приведено описание аппаратурно-технологической схемы синтеза и обоснованы режимы СВЧ воздействия на каталитические системы на основе ферроценов (С10H10Fe). Для получения и анализа информации о морфологических особенностях синтезированных УНТ - использован метод сканирующей электронной микроскопии, а также спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния и методы дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии. УНТ имею важное значение при модифицировании кремнийорганических матриц в этом отношении в статье имеются исследования, связанные с модифицированием полимеров с помощью синтезированных УНТ. Проводится оценка равномерности распределения УНТ в матрице полимера и исследуется теплопроводность кремнийорганического компаунда при различных концентрациях УНТ. Изменения теплопроводности составляет от 0,2 до 0,32 Вт/м°С при изменении концентрации УНТ от 1 до 7%.
Mothers’ and Teachers’ Autonomy Support in Relation to Children’s Academic Procrastination: Self-Efficacy for Self-Regulated Learning as a Mediator
Authors: Lee Bomi , Shin Nana
Published: November 2021

This study investigated the association between children’s perceptions of autonomy support from mothers and teachers in relation to academic procrastination. It also examined the role of self-efficacy for self-regulated learning in mediating these effects. The sample comprised 372 fifth and sixth grade elementary school students from Seoul, Korea. Each completed a questionnaire regarding mothers’ and teachers’ autonomy support, children’s self-regulated learning efficacy, and academic procrastination. The results indicated that whereas mothers’ autonomy support had a direct effect on children’s academic procrastination, teachers’ support did not. In other words, children who perceived higher levels of autonomy support from mothers tended to exhibit less academic procrastination. Regarding indirect paths, children who perceived higher levels of mothers’ and teachers’ autonomy support displayed greater efficacy for selfregulated learning, which corresponded to lower levels of academic procrastination. The discussion highlights the vital roles of autonomy support from mothers and teachers in enhancing children’s feelings of effective self-regulated learning and encouraging them to complete academic tasks. Furthermore, the present study considered not only outward behavioral factors but also the underlying cognitive and affective aspects of delaying behavior that underpin the effects of self-regulated learning efficacy and autonomy support of mothers and teachers on academic procrastination.
Minority Language Proficiency of Multicultural Adolescents: The Effects of Bicultural Acceptance Attitudes, Parents’ Educational Support, and the Use of the Minority Language at Home
Authors: Kang Li , Choi Naya , Kang Soyeon
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence multicultural adolescents’ proficiency in their mother’s native language, or their immigrant mother’s native language. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed on data from the survey answered by 1,028 multicultural adolescents aged 15 years old and whose mothers were from foreign countries for the 6th Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study(MAPS) conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute (NYPI) in 2016. The main results are as follows. First, multicultural adolescents’ minority language proficiency was generally low and significant differences were observed according to their gender, parents’ educational level, household income, and mother’s native country. More specifically, a higher proficiency in minority language was found for girls than boys, adolescents with a higher parental educational level, adolescents with a higher income, and adolescents whose mothers were from Japan or China, compared with those from the Philippines, Thailand, or Vietnam. Second, a significant positive correlation was observed between multicultural adolescents’ minority language proficiency and 1) foreign culture acceptance, 2) parent’s educational support, and 3) the use of the minority language at home. Third, foreign culture acceptance, parents’ educational support, and the use of the minority language at home were predictors of multicultural adolescents’ minority language proficiency. The study is meaningful in that it examined multicultural adolescents’ minority language proficiency, elucidating their bilingual development, whereas previous studies have only focused on their proficiency in Korean, which is the majority language.
Increasing human motor skill acquisition by driving theta–gamma coupling
Authors: Akkad Haya , Dupont-Hadwen Joshua , Kane Edward , Evans Carys , Barrett Liam , Frese Amba , Tetkovic Irena , Bestmann Sven , Stagg Charlotte J
Published: November 2021

Skill learning is a fundamental adaptive process, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Some learning paradigms, particularly in the memory domain, are closely associated with gamma activity that is amplitude modulated by the phase of underlying theta activity, but whether such nested activity patterns also underpin skill learning is unknown. Here, we addressed this question by using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) over sensorimotor cortex to modulate theta–gamma activity during motor skill acquisition, as an exemplar of a non-hippocampal-dependent task. We demonstrated, and then replicated, a significant improvement in skill acquisition with theta–gamma tACS, which outlasted the stimulation by an hour. Our results suggest that theta–gamma activity may be a common mechanism for learning across the brain and provides a putative novel intervention for optimizing functional improvements in response to training or therapy.
The IRE1/XBP1 signaling axis promotes skeletal muscle regeneration through a cell non-autonomous mechanism
Authors: Roy Anirban , Tomaz da Silva Meiricris , Bhat Raksha , Bohnert Kyle R , Iwawaki Takao , Kumar Ashok
Published: November 2021

Skeletal muscle regeneration is regulated by coordinated activation of multiple signaling pathways. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a major mechanism that detects and alleviates protein-folding stresses in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, the role of individual arms of the UPR in skeletal muscle regeneration remain less understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that IRE1α (also known as ERN1) and its downstream target, XBP1, are activated in skeletal muscle of mice upon injury. Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. Ex vivo cultures of myofiber explants demonstrate that ablation of IRE1α reduces the proliferative capacity of myofiber-associated satellite cells. Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α dampens Notch signaling and canonical NF-κB pathway in skeletal muscle of adult mice. Finally, targeted ablation of IRE1α also reduces Notch signaling, abundance of satellite cells, and skeletal muscle regeneration in the mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Collectively, our experiments suggest that the IRE1α-mediated signaling promotes muscle regeneration through augmenting the proliferation of satellite cells in a cell non-autonomous manner.
Extended characterization of petroleum aromatics using off-line LC-GC-MS
Authors: Huynh Khoa , Jensen Annette E. , Sundberg Jonas
Published: November 2021

Characterization of crude oil remains a challenge for analytical chemists. With the development of multi-dimensional chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry, an impressive number of compounds can be identified in a single sample. However, the large diversity in structure and abundance makes it difficult to obtain full compound coverage. Sample preparation methods such as solid-phase extraction and SARA-type separations are used to fractionate oil into compound classes. However, the molecular diversity within each fraction is still highly complex. Thus, in the routine analysis, only a small part of the chemical space is typically characterized. Obtaining a more detailed composition of crude oil is important for production, processing and environmental aspects. We have developed a high-resolution fractionation method for isolation and preconcentration of trace aromatics, including oxygenated and nitrogen-containing species. The method is based on semi-preparative liquid chromatography. This yields high selectivity and efficiency with separation based on aromaticity, ring size and connectivity. By the separation of the more abundant aromatics, i.e., monoaromatics and naphthalenes, trace species were isolated and enriched. This enabled the identification of features not detectable by routine methods. We demonstrate the applicability by fractionation and subsequent GC-MS analysis of 14 crude oils sourced from the North Sea. The number of tentatively identified compounds increased by approximately 60 to 150% compared to solid-phase extraction and GC × GC-MS. Furthermore, the method was used to successfully identify an extended set of heteroatom-containing aromatics (e.g., amines, ketones). The method is not intended to replace traditional sample preparation techniques or multi-dimensional chromatography but acts as a complementary tool. An in-depth comparison to routine characterization techniques is presented concerning advantages and disadvantages.