bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The COVID 19 Related Increased Negative Impact of the Unmonitored Use of Digital Technology on Children in KSA
Authors: Aloufi Maram , Alsulami Nouf , Alqahtani Layan , Baali Joud , Khayyat Mashael
Published: March 2022

The use of digital technology can become a behavioral addiction that negatively affects a person's social and academic life. Nowadays, children all over the world are becoming addicted to technologies - more so than in any past generations. Digital technology has become an integral part of everyday life, and children use it to study and play. Also, some parents use digital technology as a ‘babysitter’ to entertain their children so that the parents can do other things. This affects children's brains and their social, emotional, cognitive, and physical development. This research aims to assess the potential impact of technology on children's behavior. To collect data, this paper used an online survey created with Google Forms. The sample targeted parents. There were 207 responses. The results of the questionnaire and previous studies conducted on the effect of technology on children taken from scientific research found that as technology use increases, the effect it can have on brain function increases. This effect has been linked to physical and psychological problems such as reduced attention span, risk of depression, obesity, and bullying. Based on the study’s results it is recommended that parents monitor their children’s use of digital technology; this includes setting a time limit for using devices, monitoring content, blocking violent and intimidating games for children, and setting a bedtime. In addition, apps such as Qustodio, Norton Family Premier, and Amazon Free Time are suggested as tools to support parents in overseeing their children’s use of digital technology.
Awareness of the Concept of Social Engineering in Jeddah
Authors: Alotaibi Mona , Hamdoon Rawan , Alsaggaf Rodhab , Mubarki Haneen , Aboulola Omar , Khayyat Mashael
Published: March 2022

Significant advances have been seen in the field of cybersecurity in various institutions globally. However, there are still challenges to setting standards and rules to avoid related problems, due to the use of social engineering. Thus, raising awareness of social engineering methods is considered vital to mitigate the negative impact of social engineering. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of awareness of the concept of social engineering in the city of Jeddah. This study was conducted using an online questionnaire to collect and analyze data. It has been found that there is a lack of awareness, and this issue must be addressed before it escalates.
Does Primaquine Become The First Line in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in Coming Days?
Authors: Mohammedelhassan Ahmed Mohammedelhassan Mohammedelhassan Ahmed Mohammedelhassan , Wamda A Suliman Wamda A Suliman , Elhady E Elmubark Elhady E Elmubark , Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad , Mamoun Magzoub Mamoun Magzoub
Published: March 2022

Background: Malaria is a major public health problem throughout human history, particularly in the tropical and subtropical countries. Primaquine, introduced in 1950, for preventing relapse and sterilizes infectious sexual plasmodia. Methods: A retrospective study was performed for 610 patients (250 were male and 360 were female), (all ages) to study the efficacy of Primaquine in the treatment of falciparum malaria after receiving this drug for five days. Results: Five hundred and ninety three patients (97.2 %) were completely recovered from malaria within 3 to 5 days after receiving Primaquine tablets. Conclusion: In our opinion Primaquine should become the first line as antimalarial drug soon later for uncomplicated malaria, because of its high efficiency against infections with Plasmodiumfalciparum and P.vivax active stages.
Oral Mucosal Conditions in Acute Leukemia- A Clinical, Nutritional and Serologic Analysis
Authors: Esquivel-Pedraza Lilly , Milke-García María del Pilar , Rivera-Flores Renata Lucrecia , Rosas-López Adriana , Méndez-Flores Silvia , Saeb-Lima Marcela , Rodríguez-Padilla Carolina , Domínguez-Cherit Judith , Vizcaíno Gloria , Cicero-Casarrubias Alba , Ruelas-Villavicencio Ana L. , Fernández-Cuevas Laura
Published: March 2022

A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted in acute leukemia adult patients in order to characterize oral mucosal conditions in acute leukemia, and to analyze their association with certain clinical, nutritional and laboratory parameters. Oral evaluation was performed. Epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data were considered. Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests and multivariate analysis. A total of 30 patients (60% males) were included; median age of 39 (range 17-62) years old. The median percentage of caloric intake adequacy was 96.8% (range 21.8-205.7%), and the median ideal weight was 117.9% (range 88.2-162.9%). The most common oral mucosal findings were pallor and furred tongue. Leukoedema was seen only in patients <30 years old [OR=1.9 (CI=1.1-3.1); p=0.003]; more cases of fissured tongue [OR=17.1 (CI=1.8-163.8); p=0.005] were seen in subjects >30 years old. Exfoliative cheilitis was more frequent in females [OR=2.7 (CI=1.2-6.1); p=0.02] and in patients with high β-carotene concentrations [Md= 94.5 vs 57.0 µg/dl; (p=0.01)]. Higher rates of diffuse hyperpigmentation were seen (p<0.05) in patients having low vitamin B12 [Me=240 vs 626 pg/ml] and folic acid concentrations [Md=5.8 vs 8.5 ng/ml]; Geographic tongue was found among patients with low serum albumin [Md= 2.7 vs 3.5 g/dl; (p=0.006)] and folic acid [Md=7.9 vs 11.6 ng/mL; (p=0.02)]. Furred tongue was more frequent in patients with low hemoglobin concentration [Md=7.2 vs 8.5 g/dl ;( p=0.01)] and poor oral hygiene [Md=1.1vs 0.7 ;( p=0.04)]. Nutritional depletion was more frequently observed among patients with indentation (p=0.04) and geographic tongue (p=0.03)]. Age, gender and certain micronutrient deficiencies were significantly associated to specific oral mucosal findings in acute leukemia.
“Outcome of Neonates with Septicaemia with Different Types of Electrolyte Abnormality”
Authors: Azam Khan Mohammad , Alauddin Mohammad , Amman Abdullahel , Uddin Md. Gias
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Electrolyte abnormalities are frequently encountered in sick neonates. They occur in a variety of conditions including neonatal sepsis and may remain unrecognized leading to morbidity and mortality irrespective of the primary disease. So, timely recognition, a high index of suspicion and a thorough understanding of common electrolyte abnormalities are necessary to ensure their correction. Objective: To assess the Outcome of Neonates with Septicaemia with Different Types of Electrolyte Abnormality. Methods: All neonates who were suffering from septicaemia and admitted in BSMMU from 1st January 2011 to 15th September 2011 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Results: During the study period total 120 neonates were admitted with the diagnosis of septicaemia in the Department of Neonatology, BSMMU, and Dhaka, Bangladesh. Among the neonates mean age were 9.26±4.58 days, mean weight 2282.68±580.40 gm, mean gestational age was 35.68±2.40 weeks. Among the neonates with septicaemia males were 66 (55%) and females were 54 (45%) and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Among 120 cases of septicaemia 57 (47.5%) were early onset and 63 (52.5%) were diagnosed as late onset neonatal sepsis. Among the 120 neonates with septicaemia 37 (30.83%) died and 83 (69.17%) survived. Neonates with dyselectrolytemia were found significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay in comparison to those with normal electrolytes level (p<0.05). Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia, Hypernatremia and mixed electrolyte abnormalities were significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay (P< 0.05) but hyperkalemia was not found significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay (p>0.05). Hyponatremia, hypokalemia and mixed electrolyte abnormalities were significantly associated with higher mortality (P<0.05). Hypernatremia and Hyperkalemia were not found significantly associated with higher mortality (P>0.05). Conclusion: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in neonates with septicaemia. We found electrolyte abnormalities in 35% cases. Hyponatremia (20%) was the commonest abnormality followed by hyperkalemia (15.8%). Hyponatremia, hypokalemia and mixed electrolyte abnormalities were found to be significantly associated with higher mortality in this study.
Onset of Menarche among Adolescent Girls in Gas and Non- Gas Flaring Environment in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: M. Uvoh Dr. Solomon , Gabriel E Dr. Kiridi Emily , Emmanuel Dr. Onokpite , Ebiyemzi Alagha Bibi-Welson
Published: March 2022

This research study investigated the onset of menarche among adolescent school girls living in non-gas and gas flaring environment in Bayelsa state. The participant in this study were eight hundred and twenty six (826) in number. The result obtained from the study shows that one hundred and fifty six (156) within the ages of 10-14years making (18.9%) are yet to attained menarche from gas flaring environment while (81.1%) have attained menarche in both environment. The overall age at menarche compared with body mass index was (12.6yrs) and (17.3kg/m²) from both group. Furthermore the age at menarche among adolescent residents in non-gas flaring environment was (11.8yrs) compared with those in gas flaring environment (12.9yrs). However the mean age at menarche among adolescent girls attending private schools was (12.7yrs) with a body mass index of (18.5kg/m²) in comparison with (12.5yrs) and (16.7kg/m²) of adolescent school girls attending public schools. The result from this study has shown that (50.8%) of school girls from gas flaring environment have attained menarche compared with (30.3%) from non-gas flaring environment at the age of (11.8yrs) with an increase positive percentage difference of (34.1%) between body mass index and the age at menarche among non-gas flaring adolescent and (37.2%), (22.9%) in gas flares stack surrounded communities in Bayelsa state.
Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Medical Imaging Services in Zambia
Authors: Chanda Ernest , Bwanga Osward , Mulenga Roy
Published: March 2022

: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is a medical imaging technique that uses low radiation for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Millions of people are suffering from osteoporosis globally. The disease causes the bones to lose their strength and become more fragile and susceptible to fractures. The common risk factors of developing osteoporosis include aging, antiretroviral therapy (ARV) medication, and long-term corticosteroid medication. The morbidity and mortality of the disease arises from the associated fractures and medical complications. Although DEXA imaging services are available in the country, they remain underutilised. This article aims at bringing awareness and reviewing the DEXA imaging services in Zambia. The review found a lack of data on the prevalence of osteoporosis in Zambia. To improve the DEXA imaging services, research is required on epidemiology of the disease, associated fractures and projected costs incurred due to hospitalisation of patients.
Seroprevalence of Rotavirus among Selected Group of Sudanese Children
Authors: Abdelhakam H. Ali Abdelhakam H. Ali , Huzafia Abdallah Khalid Saad Huzafia Abdallah Khalid Saad , Mossab Balla Abdallah Abdalrahem Mossab Balla Abdallah Abdalrahem , Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad
Published: March 2022

Rota virus is the second causes of diarrhea among childrenIn Sudan [2]. The current study was conduct to detect rotavirus gastroenteritis among vaccinated children Methodolgy: A total of59 diarrheal samples was collected from children with acute diarrhea admittedto Mohammed AL Amin Hamid paediatric Hospital throw period from October to November 2019, ELISA was dine to detect Rota virus antigen. Result: Out of 59 samples 84.7% was vaccinated were 15.3% was unvaccinated.in total of 50 vaccinated children 30% is re-infected with rota virus with acute to chronic illness and show positive antigen with ELISA. Conclusions: vaccinated children is infected with rota virus and symptoms is occurs samples for virus antigen was record positive result in ELISA this may related to other genotype or serotype or mutation.
Detection of Antifungal Activity of Cinnamon Extract on Candida Species Isolated from Diabetic Patients with Urinary Tract Infection Pre-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Waleed O.A. KaramAlla Waleed O.A. KaramAlla , Hadia Abass Eltaib Hadia Abass Eltaib , Ghanem M. Mahjaf Ghanem M. Mahjaf , Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of Cinnamon extract on Candida species isolated from 100 diabetic patients suffering from urinary tract infection between May to August 2018. Twenty-five Candida species were isolated, different Candida species were isolated then identified biochemically, in vitro sensitivity testing using well diffusion technique against Cinnamon extract was done. The cinnamon extract showed good antifungal activity against Candida species. The largest zone of inhibition against Candida tropicalis was (25 mm) and the least zone of inhibition was against Candida kefyr was (10 mm). The results of antimicrobial activity of crude extract were compared with the positive control (Clotrimazole) for evaluating their relative percentage inhibition and statistical significance the aqueous extract exhibited maximum relative percentage inhibition against Candida kefyr (89%) and minimum relative percentage inhibition against Candida glabrata was (12.3%). The p. values (0.018) are statistically significant.
Rice-A Review of Nutritional and Medicinal Aspect Mentioned in Ayurveda
Authors: Naik Padma Lochan , Kotecha Mita , Nathani Sumit , Rathore Bhawani Singh
Published: March 2022

Rice not only an essential food but also a source of protein. Ancient Ayurvedic Acharyas described Raktashali red rice as a nutritive food and medicine. Rice is the second most used cereals in the world next to wheat. Ayurveda have attributed some medicinal properties too in addition to main stay as food. According to Ayurveda rice has the ability to alleviate or subdue Tridoshas (humors) – Vata, Pitta and Kapha -whose imbalance causes various types of diseases within the body. Different groups of rice have different effect on human body as they have different inherent properties. From being used as a diet for sick it has been used as a wholesome and rice is considered as best food in some diseases mentioned in different Ayurveda text.
Development of a Transdermal Delivery System for Tacrine
Authors: Kanakagiri Divakar , Chettupalli Ananda Kumar
Published: March 2022

Tacrine has several mechanisms of action. The putative primary mechanism of action of tacrine for Alzheimer's disease is reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which thus slows the breakdown of the chemical messenger acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain. Tacrine also inhibits butyrylcholinesterase activity. In accumulation, tacrine blocks sodium and potassium channels. Tacrine also acts as a histamine N-methyltransferase inhibitor. This study was carried out to develop matrix based transdermal patches containing Tacrine to overcome the first pass metabolism and to reduce frequency of dosing compared to oral route. . Matrix type of transdermal patches was developed by using Methocel K4M, Methocel K15M, Methocel K100M and Xanthan gum polymers. Transdermal patches were prepared by employing solvent casting method. Drug excipients compatibility studies were carried out by using FTIR, and it was observed that there were no interactions. Formulations were prepared with the varying concentrations polymers ranging from F1-F16, and all the formulations were evaluated for various physical parameters Physical appearance, Flatness, Weight variation, Thickness, Folding endurance, Drug content, Moisture uptake, Moisture content and Swelling study and all the results were found to be within the pharmacopeial limits, invitro drug release studies by using dialysis membrane. Among all the 16 Tacrine transdermal patches formulations F5 formulations which contain Methocel K15M 100 mg had shown 97.61% % cumulative drug release within 12 hours.
One Step Extraction Method, Sample Preparation Procedure for HPLC/MS Analysis of Altrenogest Sesame Oil Solutions [Extraction of altrenogest from sesame oil with acetonitrile, HPLC/MS]
Authors: V. Yefimov Stanislav , Gil Pedro
Published: March 2022

The extraction of altrenogest with acetonitrile from sesame oil is not an easy task due to the formation of a stable emulsion. The problem of extracting more than 99% of altrenogest from sesame oil with acetonitrile was solved. The optimal ratio of extractant to extractor was established. This approach allowed for a quantitative analysis of altrenogest in sesame oil solutions by HPLC/MS. A generalization of the proposed approach to cases of altrenogest extraction from stable emulsions was discussed.
A Reminder of a Rare Benign but Aggressive Tumor: Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Authors: Dr. Bouchra Dani Dr. Bouchra Dani , Dr. Hamidi Olaya Dr. Hamidi Olaya , Dr. Rajaa El Azzouzi Dr. Rajaa El Azzouzi , Dr. Boukhlouf Oumaima Dr. Boukhlouf Oumaima , Pr. Malik Boulaadas Pr. Malik Boulaadas
Published: March 2022

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a slowly growing fibrous tumor of the skin with a very high risk of local recurrence, but with low metastatic potential. Its malignant sarcomatous transformation with metastasis is exceptional. We report a rare case, of a 30-year-old patient, who presents dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in the left supraclavicular region. Through this case we will underline the clinical presentation as well as the management of this benign but aggressive tumor.
Código ético para la educación en el extranjero
Authors:   The Forum on Education Abroad
Published: March 2022

Este documento publicado por The Forum on Education Abroad está diseñado para servir de guía para la toma de decisiones de forma ética y para ayudar a las organizaciones en su búsqueda de brindar experiencias y servicios de educación en el extranjero según los más altos parámetros éticos. Los Valores Compartidos y Principios de las Prácticas Profesionales detallados a continuación son fundamentales para la administración justa de los programas de educación en el extranjero y para el bienestar de los estudiantes a los que servimos.This is a Spanish-language translation of the Code of Ethics for Education Abroad, 3rd edition, published by The Forum on Education Abroad in 2020.
The Effectiveness of Movies as a Teaching Learning Media to Improve Students’ Learning Achievement at Eleventh Grade of SMK Rise Kedawung Cirebon
Authors: Karlina Tia
Published: March 2022

Learning achievement is the acquisition of knowledge or skills that usually indicated by test scores in the form of numerical value. By using movies to teach can definitely be a challenge, but when carried out in a proper manner, it boasts of numerous benefits. Unlike text, movies enable students to learn visually. This research aims to determine the interactive effects of movies as a teaching learning media to improve students’ learning achievement. The researcher used experimental research with quantitative approach. The sample of this research was 35 respondents, randomly selected from eleventh grade of SMK RISE Kedawung Cirebon. Pre-experimental design was used in this research and pretest and posttest design of pre-experimental design became ultimate choice in this research. Based on data analysis the researcher concludes that there was increase of gaining score of the students after movies treatment. On levels of significance 0.05, the researcher found that t-observed of data is 29.70, and the degree of freedom is 34 which is converted to the t-value of 2.03. Based on the data from the test, it is clear that t-observed is higher than t-value. In fact, t-observed > t-value (29.70 > 2.03), it means that the treatment of movies as a teaching learning media is effective to improve students’ learning achievement.
سرعة الرياح وأثرها في تباين قيم التبخُّر الفصليّ في محطات: (السليمانية – خانقين – بغداد - البصرة) باعتماد معادلة بنمان
Authors: سلمان هادي م. د. ازهار سلمان هادي
Published: March 2022

تُعدُّ سرعة الرياح أحد العناصر المناخية المؤثرة على كمية التبخر-النتح ، ولا تقل اهميتها في التأثير على قيم التبخر- النتح عن العناصر الاخرى، وعلى الرغم من المعرفة بدور الرياح كعامل مؤثر في قيم التبخر. من هنا جاء هدف البحث: التعرف على مقدار التأثير الذي تلعبه سرعة الرياح في تباين قيم التبخر المكاني والزماني للمحطات المدروسة. وشملت الدراسة محطات (السليمانية، خانقين، بغداد، والبصرة) وللمدة من 1980/2010 . واعُتمد على تحليل الانحدار البسيط لتحقيق هدف البحث.

       واظهرت النتائج ان للرياح دور مؤثر في حدوث التباينات في قيم التبخر لا تقل اهميتها عن درجات الحرارة والرطوبة النسبية، إذ تبين أنَّ الزيادة في معدلات سرعة الرياح اثر في رفع قيم التبخر وان قوة هذه العلاقة تزداد صيفاً، إذ ارتفعت نسبة تأثير الرياح في تباين قيم التبخر النتح الممكن فتراوحت بين (94%- 73%) للمحطات المدروسة،  بينما كانت قيم التبخر اقل تأثراً بسرعة الرياح في فصل الربيع ولجميع المحطات إذ تراوحت نسبة التأثير بين(0.04%-70%). اما التباينات المكانية فتبين ان قوة التأُثر بسرعة لرياح يزداد بالاتجاه من الجنوب الى الشمال، إذ سجلت محطة البصرة اقل نسبة تأثير وفي جميع الفصول تراوحت بين(0.04%- 79%)، بينما سجلت خانقين اعلى النسب إذ تراوحت بين (69%-93%).
مراحل التعبير الفنيّ لدى الأطفال وعلاقتها بالتطور التكنولوجيّ
Authors: هاشم الهاشميّ م.م. أسعد عبد الكريم علاوي
Published: March 2022

يناقش البحث الحالي مسالة التطور التكنولوجي وانعكاسها على وسائل الاعلام ومن ثم على ذائقة الطفل وتعبيره الفني في الرسم من خلال مناقشة النظريات السابقة للتعبير الفني ومدى جدواها في قياس رسومات الطفل المعاصر من خلال مقارنة رسوم عينة من الاطفال واسقاطها على قواعد التحليل التي ارساها لونفيلد لكل فئة عمرية من خلال تصميم اداة تحليل الرسوم وفق ضوابط البحث العلمي ليخرج بنتيجة مفادها تغير مراحل التعبير الفني لدى الطفل المعاصر الذي مثل عينة البحث ويوصي البحث الحالي ضرورة تبني الجهات ذات العلاقة هذه النظرية لصياغة مفردات علمية جديدة تنسجم مع الواقع الذي أفرزته. وصياغة مناهج علمية في رياض الأطفال تنسجم مع القدرات العقلية للأطفال تعمل على تطوير هذه القدرات والمحافظة على نموها من الانخفاض. ويقترح نظرية جديدة في التعبير الفني مبنية على ما قدم من معطيات وكذلك يقترح اجراء دراسات متممة للبحث، وهي:

تحليل رسوم الاطفال في العراق على وفق نظرية اسعد الهاشمي.

مراحل التعبير الفني لدى الأطفال وعلاقتها بالتغيرات الاجتماعية في ظل الارهاب.
تغيرات فئات الرطوبة النسبية في العراق
Authors: جواد صالح أ.م.د  بشرى أحمد
Published: March 2022

يرمي هذا البحث دراسة التغيرات في فئات الرطوبة النسبية التي تم تقسيمها على وفق تصنيف العالم رافنشتين على أربعة فئات هي  فئة 100%-80% مرتفع رطوبة، وفئة 80%-65%   الرطب، وفئة 65%- 50% المتوسط الرطوبة، وفئة منخفض الرطوبة أقل من 50%،  وتم تطبيق هذا التصنيف على البيانات الساعية للرطوبة النسبية للمدة (1985-2010)، وتبين أنَ فئات الرطوبة النسبية 100%- 80% و 80%- 65%  و 65%- 50% قد قلت تكراراتها في الدورة الثانية مقارنة بالدورة الأولى، باستثناء فئة أقل من 50% التي زادت على حساب قلة الفئات المذكورة آنفا. أما تكرارات قيم أعلى عشرة أرقام للرطوبة النسبية وهي من 90%-100%، فقد انخفضت تكراراتها أيضا في الدورة الثانية مقارنة بالدورة الأولى، وسجلت نسبة 96% أعلى فرق في التكرارات بين الدورتين.

     كما تبينَ أنَ هنالك تغيرات فصلية لتكرار فئات الرطوبة النسبية ما بين الدورتين، ولتحديد أسباب تغير تكرار فئات الرطوبة النسبية، تم ربطها بمعدل درجات الحرارة، ومتوسط كمية الأمطار، ومعدلات سرع الرياح، واتضح أن جميع محطات الدراسة قد شهدت تغيرا بالزيادة في معدل درجة حرارتها في الدورة الثانية عن الدورة الأولى، ومحطة الرطبة التي سجلت فارقا أكبر في المعدل بلغ 2.6ءم، هي التي سجلت أيضا انخفاض في تكرار الفئات مرتفع الرطوبة والرطب ومتوسط الرطوبة. ومتوسط الأمطار انخفض بنحو كبير في الدورة الثانية، ومعدلات سرع الرياح الخفيفة والمتوسطة قد زادت معدلات تكراراتها على عكس معدلات سرع الرياح النشطة التي انخفضت في الدورة الثانية، يضاف إليها عوامل بيئية أخرى أدت إلى انخفاض قيم الرطوبة النسبية.
السياسة الفرنسية حيال تونس ( 1881-1914)
Authors: فرحان الخفاجيّ أ.د جمعة عليوي , هادي عكار عظيم م.د وسام
Published: March 2022

تعود الأطماع الفرنسية في تونس إلى حقبة بعيدة، تمتد لعام 1270م عندما قاد ملك فرنسا لويس التاسع حملة عسكرية للسيطرة عليها كان مصيرها الفشل، وبعدها تمكنت فرنسا عام 1685 من فرض معاهدة مع تونس تخولها أحقية الامتياز على بقية الدول الأخرى. وعقب الاحتلال الفرنسي للجزائر عام 1830 أولت فرنسا اهتماما خاصاً لتونس التي عدتها امتداداً للجزائر من الجهة الشرقية، وأخذت تختلق المسوغات لاحتلالها. في ضوء ذلك جاء هذا البحث ليسلط الضوء على السياسة الفرنسية حيال تونس 1881-1914، وقد قسم على أربعة محاور رئيسة تناول الأول منها الأوضاع العامة في تونس حتى عام 1881، واستعرض بشكل موجز طبيعة العلاقات الدولية التي أعطت لفرنسا الحجج في احتلال تونس وإرغامها على توقيع معاهدة باردو 1881، في حين تطرق المحور الثاني إلى الأوضاع السياسية في تونس (1881-1914)، ونوقش فيه طبيعة تلك السياسة من الناحية الإدارية وسياسة الهجرة والتجنيس وأثارهما على تونس من كافة الجوانب. في حين درس المحور الثالث، الأوضاع الاقتصادية في تونس(1881-1914) ومدى تأثرها في سياسة فرنسا الاستعمارية، لاسيما بعد هيمنتها على أهم القطاعات الاقتصادية ( الزراعية والتجارية والصناعية)، أما المحور الأخير فقد عالج مدى انحدار الأوضاع الاجتماعية في تونس إلى عام 1914، عن طريق الاستيلاء على الأوقاف، وتدهور النظام التعليمي والصحي. أما الخاتمة تطرقنا إلى أهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل إليها الباحثان منها كشف السياسة الاستعمارية الفرنسية عن وطبيعتها الاستحواذية، والحيف والظلم الذي وقع على الشعب التونسي طيلة زمن الاحتلال الذي حاول تجريد الشعب من هويته العربية الإسلامية.
محاولات بريطانيا استئناف تبادلها التجاريّ مع المملكة العربية السعودية في عام 1962 بحسب وثائق بريطانية
Authors: حمود عثمان م.د. خليل
Published: March 2022

يُعدُّ النشاط التجاري من الانشطة المهمة في تعزيز وتنمية التعاون بين الدول، وهناك الكثير من الدول التي سارت على وفق هذا السياق بهدف تعزيز اقتصادها، فجاءت محاولات بريطانيا استئناف تبادلها التجاري مع المملكة العربية السعودية معبرة في السياق نفسه، بسبب علاقاتهما القديمة التي تعود الى عهد الإمام فيصل بن تركي، والتي اخذت بالتطور والازدهار في عهد حفيده الملك عبد العزيز بن عبد الرحمن(1902- 1953)، ثم من بعده ابنه الملك سعود بن عبد العزيز(1953- 1964). بيد أنَّ العدوان الثلاثي على مصر عام 1956، الذي كانت بريطانيا إحدى أطرافه، ادى الى قطع العلاقات بينهما وبين المملكة، لكن الدوائر البريطانية، على الرغم من القطيعة الدبلوماسية شعرت بضرورة معرفة ما يجري في داخل المملكة السعودية وعدت تلك المدة التي انقطعت فيها العلاقات بين الدولتين خسارة كبيرة لها، فحرصت بريطانيا على اعادة العلاقات مع المملكة، إذ حصلت موافقات من دوائر بريطانية متعددة على إعادة التمثيل التجاري على مستوى سكرتير تجاري في الأقل، الذي ظهر اقتراح سابق في أن يقوم اتحاد الصناعات البريطانية بتلك الصفة، ولكن عدم الاتفاق على قيمة تكاليف تعيين مثل ذلك الممثل اعاق، بشكل مؤقت، إعادة العاقات التجارية. في غضون ذلك، وُجِد عدد من رجال الاعمال البريطانيين يعملون في المملكة التي سمحت هي نفسها لتجارها بالاستيراد من أي بلدٍ يرغبون، بما في ذلك بريطانيا. قد حظي السعوديون بتسهيلات كبيرة من جانب بريطانيا، ولاسيما في الجانب التعليمي. وبلغت قيمة الصادرات البريطانية الى المملكة عام 1961 ما مقداره 7,6 مليون جنيه استرليني واستمر الحال كذلك حتى عام 1962، ليلاحظ أن بريطانيا عدت تعيين ممثل تجاري في المملكة ذي فائدة كبيرة بهدف الحصول على الكثير من المعلومات الاقتصادية من داخل المملكة. ومع ذلك، ابدت حذراً كبيراً في مسألة تعيين هذه، خشية أن تشترط الحكومة السعودية حل مشكلة البريمي أولاً، علماً أن المسؤولين البريطانيين أجمعوا على أهمية تعيين ممثل تجاري بريطاني في المملكة، ولاسيما بعد ازدياد اهمية الاقتصاد السعودي نتيجة الوفرة المالية من انتاج النفط، ولذلك سعت بريطانيا الى الوقوف على احتياجات المملكة من المعدات ولاسيما مرسلات البث الاذاعي، بعد ان علمت بريطانيا بنية الولايات الامريكية بتزويد المملكة بمرسلات، الأمر الذي فسر منحها الضوء الاخضر " لشركة ماركوني" لتزويد المملكة بالمعدات المطلوبة، لهدف كشفت عنه الوثائق البريطانية، وهو الرد على الدعاية الاعلامية للجمهورية العربية المتحدة، الهدف الذي سوَّغ حصول الموافقات اللازمة من الدوائر المدنية والعسكرية البريطانية على اتمام الصفقة مع المملكة والتصدير إليها.
تحليل كفاءة الخدمة التعليمية للمراحل الابتدائية والمتوسطة والاعدادية في مدينة خانقين للعام الدراسيّ (2012- 2013)
Authors: أحمد حسن م. د. رجاء خليل
Published: March 2022

تناولت هذه الدراسة كفاءة الخدمة التعليمية في مدينة خانقين للمراحل التعليم الاساسية، وهي (الابتدائية والمتوسطة والاعدادية) من خلال تقييس هذه الخدمة باستعمال المعايير التخطيطية التي وضعتها الدولة, للمتغيرات التربوية التي تمثلت بأعداد الطلبة والمعلمين، والشعب الدراسية، وحالة البناية المدرسية وما تحويه من غرف ومرافق تعليمية اخرى، تخصُّ نشاط الطالب داخل المدرسة, وبذلك يمكن معرفة مدى حصول سكان المدينة على هذه الخدمة (كما ونوعا) .
انعكاسات جزر الغوارق على الملاحة في شط العرب
Authors: صبيح حمـدان أ.م. سوسن
Published: March 2022

شهد شط العرب ظهور العديد من الجزر الصغيرة وأشباه الجزر منذ تسعينيات القرن الماضي بفعل تراكم كميات كبيرة من الطمى لمدة زمنية طويلة فوق قطع بحرية غارقة، أخذت تعرقل حركة الملاحة في الشط، كونها تساهم في تردي أعماق القناة الملاحية، وتضعف من السلامة البحرية نتيجةً لحدوث اصطدامات مع السفن المارة، كما تؤثر في إحداث تغيرات جغرافية في المجرى المائي للقناة الملاحية، فضلاً عما تسببه من ارتفاع معدلات التلوث نتيجةً لتسرب بعض حمولاتها للمياه، وعلى الرغم من المحاولات العديدة التي قامت بها الجهات المسؤولة عن النشاط الملاحي في شط العرب، لمعالجة مشكلة انتشار الغوارق، والتحامها مع البيئة الطبيعية، الا أن هذه الجزر لاتزال قائمة لذا توصي هذه الدراسة بـتكثيف الجهود من اجل التخلص من هذه الجزر وتعميق القناة الملاحية لتطوير الموانئ.
La bruja Ericto y Sexto Pompeyo. Relectura de un acto de necromancia en la Farsalia de Lucano
Authors: Amela Valverde Luis , Guzmán Almagro Alejandra
Published: March 2022

En el presente trabajo nos detenemos en el episodio narrado en
el libro sexto de la Farsalia de Lucano a propósito de un acto de
adivinación nigromántica, atendiendo al rol que juega Sexto Pom-
peyo, hijo de Pompeyo Magno, en dicho ritual, así como a la cons-
trucción del personaje a nivel literario e historiográfico. Nuestro
propósito es revisar este conocido pasaje y sintetizar las lecturas
precedentes, para ofrecer así nuestra propia lectura, con el fin de
elaborar una nueva y actualizada propuesta crítica basada en dos
puntos clave: la elección de Sexto como protagonista de la escena y
las posibles motivaciones del poeta para su el
El rescripto de Adriano a Minucio Fundano y el cristianismo
Authors: Santos Yanguas Narciso
Published: March 2022

Este documento completaba las medidas del emitido por Tra-
jano, aunque en el fondo ninguno de ellos perseguía un objetivo
político claro: su finalidad se dirigía a solucionar las acusaciones
contra los miembros de las comunidades cristianas, surgidas en el
marco de los centros urbanos más significativos del Imperio.
Dicho rescripto, así como las referencias de autores posteriores
(Tertuliano, Justino, Eusebio de Cesarea e Ireneo), nos permite ras-
trear la existencia de algunos mártires en ámbitos geográficos muy
concretos, como Ignacio de Antioquía, Simeón, Telesforo, Sinforosa
y sus 7 hijos..., aunque la cronología en algunos casos sea incierta
Benedicere vs. maledicere. La exégesis patrística de IOB 1,5 y 2,9*
Authors: Aguilar Miquel Julia
Published: March 2022

El presente trabajo aborda la exégesis patrística latina del verbo
hebreo ברך (bārak) en los versículos 1,5 y 2,9 del libroveterotestamentario de Job. Aunque el significado principal de
bārak es “bendecir”, este verbo a menudo se interpreta como un eu-
femismo empleado en el lugar de su antónimo, “maldecir”, que —
de acuer-do con la mayor parte de los estudiosos— debía evitarse
cuando el objeto de la acción era Dios. Tras ofrecer una panorámica
global del fenómeno, se examina la interpretación que de él ofre-
cieron algunos autores tardoantiguos de la Iglesia de Occidente, a
saber: el autor del Anonymi in Iob commentarius, Agustín de Hipona
y Gregorio Magno. La recepción del libro de Job en estos autores
constituye, de un lado, un eslabón fundamental para enlazar la pri-
mera exégesis del texto con las interpretaciones modernas y, de
otro, la única tradición conservada de algunas traducciones de la
Biblia
Estudio y traducción del Sermo in Diem Apparitionis Domini, recogido en London, Bristish Library, ADD.30853, FF.277V-280V
Authors: Pérez Gordillo Mª Eugenia
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo ofreceremos la primera edición crítica completa
del Sermo in diem apparitionis Domini que se recoge en los ff. 277v-
280v del códice London, British Library, Add. 30853, anteriormente
conservado en el Monasterio de Santo Domingo de Silos, en Bur-
gos, y datado a finales del s. XI. El artículo incluye además un estu-
dio literario y de fuentes, un análisis lingüístico, una comparación
entre los testimonios que han conservado este texto, así como las
ediciones precedentes de otros autores y la correspondiente traduc-
ción del mismo. A partir de este estudio, arrojaremos nueva luz so-
bre cuestiones relativas a su datación, procedencia y fuentes, con-
cluyendo que se trata de un texto hispánico perteneciente a la tra-
dición litúrgica toledan
Análise da produção escrita em matemática: um novo olhar sobre o ensino e aprendizagem de matemática
Authors: Lima Paulo Vinícius Pereira de , Moreira Geraldo Eustáquio
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho apresenta resultados de uma investigação desenvolvida com o objetivo de analisar as produções escritas de estudantes do 6º ao 9º anos do Ensino Fundamental, no conteúdo de potenciação com números inteiros, conforme o desenvolvimento do pensamento matemático expresso em suas avaliações. O estudo considerou a literatura atual no ensino de avaliação e produção escrita em Matemática, apresentada por Buriasco e Viola dos Santos. O material de análise foi constituído pelas avaliações escritas da disciplina de Matemática do ano de 2016, realizadas em escolas particulares de Ensino Fundamental do Distrito Federal. O estudo apresenta uma amostra de como a prática do uso da análise da produção escrita em Matemática tem contribuído na elaboração de estratégias de intervenções a serem usadas pelos professores em sala de aula, em especial o que acompanham os alunos em atividades extraclasses, bem como favorecido a melhoria do ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática.
Pesca Profissional Artesanal no Pantanal Sul: Histórico, Manejo dos Recursos e Recomendações para a Sustentabilidade
Authors: Chiaravalloti Rafael Morais , Catella Agostinho , Siqueira Andre Luiz
Published: March 2022

Comunidades tradicionais têm um papel fundamental na conservação e sustentabilidade dos recursos naturais. A pesca do Pantanal tem uma história de mais de 5 mil anos. Atualmente, pescadores profissionais artesanais dependem dessa atividade para garantir o sustento e renda das suas famílias na região. No entanto, políticas de pesca no Pantanal, muitas vezes, foram elaboradas sem uma clara conexão com o conhecimento científico sobre o tema. Neste artigo, fazemos uma revisão do conhecimento atual sobre a pesca profissional artesanal na região sul do Pantanal (Mato Grosso do Sul), apresentando o histórico das comunidades, os estudos sobre pesca, as estratégias de pesca utilizadas e as consequências das políticas focadas, tanto na redução do pescado, como na restrição das áreas que podem ser utilizadas pelos pescadores. Concluímos apontando que os maiores impactos nas populações de peixes não são provenientes da quantidade pescada, mas sim das mudanças ecológicas que já ocorrem na região. Hidrelétricas, hidrovia, uso e ocupação do solo pela pecuária e agricultura, somados às mudanças climáticas, parecem ser as variáveis mais importantes. Apontamos cinco medidas fundamentais para a região: 1) retomar o Conselho Estadual de Pesca de Mato Grosso do Sul; 2) implantar um sistema de monitoramento da pesca; 3) financiar pesquisas para subsidiar a gestão e novas diretrizes de pesca; 4) criar uma reserva de desenvolvimento sustentável na borda oeste do Pantanal; e 5) considerar os resultados dos estudos dos impactos das hidrelétricas propostas para a bacia do alto rio Paraguai.
Simulasi Jenis Penyakit Pasien yang Berobat Menggunakan Metode Monte Carlo
Authors: Lubis Romia
Published: March 2022

The Community Health Center (Puskesmas) is a functional health organization in providing comprehensive and integrated services to the community. This organization is a community health development center that fosters community participation in improving public health services funded by the government. As the first health facility in providing health services, the Puskesmas is often visited by many patients who arrive at the same time. The number of patient visits that are too many is inversely proportional to the health workers who are on duty. This causes the ongoing health services to be less than optimal. To improve these services, identification of the type of disease is carried out so that better services can be prepared. The purpose of this study is to predict the type of disease in the future. The data on the types of diseases that were processed in this study from 2019 to 2021 were sourced from the Silaping Health Center. The data is processed by the Monte Carlo method. The results of this study are predictions of types of diseases in the future tend to increase every month, so that the Puskesmas must prepare more medical personnel who have expertise in their fields. This information can be used as a reference in the application of manpower to higher institutions to improve services. Thus, this system is very helpful in improving services by making it easier to identify needs for the future
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI TEAMS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMK NEGERI 1 PULANG PISAU KABUPATEN PULANG PISAU PADA TAHUN AJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Centauri Beta , Thomas Orbit , Riani Sefty
Published: March 2022

Perubahan proses pembelajaran daring yang secara tiba-tiba akibatpandemik Covid-19 menyebabkan guru, siswa dan orang tua harus siapdengan berbagai perubahan yang terjadi dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran.Guru harus cepat tanggap terhadap penggunaan teknologi dan internetsebagai sarana penunjang pembelajaran daring. Ada begitu banyak mediapembelajaran online yang telah digunakan oleh guru SMK Negeri KahayanHilir Kabupaten Pulang Pisau dalam menyampaikan pesan pembelajaran(materi ajar) kepada siswanya salah satunya adalah Aplikasi Teams. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan aplikasiTeams dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh terhadap hasil belajar siswa SMKNegeri 1 Pulang Pisau Kabupaten Pulang Pisau semester ganjil pada tahunajaran 2021/2022.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatankuantitatif. Populasi penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1Pulang Pisau Kabupaten Pulang Pisau tahun ajaran 2021/2022 sedangkansampel penelitiannya adalah siswa Kelas XI-B Jurusan Keuangan danLembaga dan Kelas XI-A Jurusan Multimedia dengan jumlah keseluruhansebanyak 57 siswa. Data didapatkan dari angket dan nilai UTS. Teknikanalisis data menggunakan uji regresi.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa adapengaruh yang positif dan signifikan penggunaan aplikasi Teams dalampembelajaran jarak jauh terhadap hasil belajar siswa SMK Negeri 1 PulangPisau Kabupaten Pulang Pisau pada tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Dengan nilaithitung > ttabel (3,672 > 2,005) dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,001 < 0,05.Adapun besar pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi Teams dalam pembelajaranjarak jauh terhadap hasil belajar siswa SMK Negeri 1 Pulang PisauKabupaten Pulang Pisau pada tahun ajaran 2021/2022, yaitu dilihat dari nilaikoefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,197 menunjukkan bahwapenggunaan aplikasi Teams dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh memilikipengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa sebesar 19,7%.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI PERPUSTAKAAN DIGITAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI SATAP 1 TELUK SAMPIT KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN TIMUR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Wibowo Thomas
Published: March 2022

Implementasi perpustakaan digital terhadap aktivitas belajarmengajar bisa tingkatkan efisiensi serta daya guna dalam upayapencapaian tujuan proses belajar mengajar. Tujuan pengajaran yangdiformulasikan dengan baik serta benar, selayaknya diupayakanpencapaiannya secara optimal. Pemaksimalan pencapaian tujuanpengajaran tersebut bisa dicoba antara lain dengan penyediaan sertapelayanan perpustakaan yang memadai. Dengan terdapatnya pengelolaanperpustakaan digital yang lebih maju akan membantu siswa dalampengaksesan sumber-sumber data yang dicari dengan gampang, cepatserta bermutu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruhpenggunaan aplikasi perpustakaan digital terhadap hasil belajar siswakelas VIII SMP Negeri Satap 1 Teluk Sampit Kabupaten KotawaringinTimur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatankuantitatif Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP NegeriSatap 1 Teluk Sampit Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur tahun pelajaran2020/2021 yang berjumlah 16 orang siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakaninstrumen untuk mengumpulkan data, yaitu angket dan dokumentasi.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji regresi.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh ada pengaruh yang positifdan signifikan penggunaan aplikasi perpustakaan digital terhadap hasilbelajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri Satap 1 Teluk Sampit KabupatenKotawaringin Timur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 karena nilai thitung sebesar2,541 dengan sig = 0,024 maka Ho ditolak. Hal ini berarti semakin tinggipenggunaan aplikasi perpustakaan digital oleh siswa akan semakin tinggipula hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri Satap 1 Teluk SampitKabupaten Kotawaringin Timur tahun pelajaran 2020/2021, begitu jugasebaliknya semakin rendah penggunaan aplikasi perpustakaan digital olehsiswa, akan membuat hasil belajar siswa menurun.
PENERAPAN MODEL COOPERATIF LEARNING TIPE ARTIKULASI PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS SISWA KELAS VII DI SMP NEGERI SATAP 1 SAMPIT TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Lestiani Winda , Fauziah Isna , Setiawan Ari
Published: March 2022

Model pembelajaran artikulasi adalah model pembelajaran dengansintaks: penyampaian kompetensi, sajian materi, bentuk kelompok berpasangansebangku, salah satu siswa menyampaikan materi yang baru diterima kepadapasangannya kemudian bergantian, presentasi di depan hasil diskusinya, gurumembimbing siswa untuk menyimpulkan. Ciri dari model pembelajaran iniadalah seperti pesan berantai yaitu materi yang sudah disampaikan siswa wajibmenyampaikan materi tersebut kepada teman siswa satu kelompoknya,kelompoknya dibuat berpasang-pasangan tidak boleh lebih dari dua orang,semua siswa memiliki peran ganda yaitu sebagai penyampai pesan danpenerima pesan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan jenis penelitiandeskriptif. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 53 orang siswa yang terdiri dari 4kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu angket yang terdiri dari20 item pertanyaan serta 4 alternatif jawaban yaitu “Selalu”, “Sering”,“Kadang-kadang”, dan “Tidak Pernah”. Teknik analisis data menggunakanRumus Persentase.
Women and Children Empowerment through Learning English: Collaborating with Jage Kestare Foundation
Authors: Dewi Puspita , Yuliatin Riyana Rizki , Ibrahim Isra Dewi Kuntary , Hidayah Nurul , Sidharta Raden Bagus Faizal Irany , Dasriani Ni Gusti Ayu
Published: March 2022

English as a lingua Franca has special attention for people or children to learn the skill including for children and young people in Ungga village. It is because the language is one of the tools to communicate with other people such as for education, business, tourism, politics, and other sectors. Ungga has a good potency to be developed in promoting the village to be one of the tourism places in central Lombok because it is near to the Mandalika spots. Consequently, human resources are needed to be prepared related to the knowledge and the skills. One of the ways to achieve the goals is providing English training either for young people or for children. Teaching English has numerous challenges. However, designing collaborative learning with some games would encourage them in learning. Children enjoy playing games both online or offline with peers or friends so that collaborative learning by designing a fun concept is one of the effective ways to teach and learn English. Several games were provided such as guess voices, mix, and match, and Find Friends. Besides, partnership among universities, village officers, and communities is crucial to maintaining sustainability so that the university collaborated with one of the communities in the village “Jage Kestare Foundation” to conduct the activity. Teaching English learning goal is not only for learning English but also incorporating gender equality values in the teaching and learning process through materials and activities. The results of the community service activity are that the learners become more active in learning English and more aware of gender equality values. It is expected that by empowering the women and children in the village through learning English by incorporating gender values, it will be able to empower the communities particularly for women and children, and to gain revenue-generating.
Pengelolaan Kelas Online melalui Penggunaan Google Classroom dan Video Pembelajaran bagi Guru-Guru Sma Negeri 1 Sidikalang
Authors: Sijabat Osco Parmonangan , Sihombing Lisbet Novianti , Manalu David Berthony , Sibagariang Susy Alestriani , Sirait Esti Marlina , Hutabarat Novra Melisa , Siregar Nurliani , Hasibuan Ronald , Buta-Butar Injen Pardamean , Sianipar Herlina Hotmadinar , Munthe Bangun , Simamora Rianita
Published: March 2022

The online learning system (in the network) is a learning system without face to face directly between teachers and students but is carried out online using the internet network. Educators must ensure that teaching and learning activities continue to run according to the demands of the curriculum, even though students are at home. With a situation like this, teachers are required to make learning innovations related to the media that will be used to deliver online learning effectively. The diversity of teacher competency levels in carrying out online learning requires socialization activities for online classroom management in terms of using google classroom and making learning videos uploaded to youtube. Seeing these conditions, the service team from HKBP Nommensen University lecturers collaborated with school leaders at SMA Negeri 1 Sidikalang in terms of conducting socialization activities and online classroom management training through the learning media of google classroom and making learning videos uploaded on youtube. The results of the collaboration in the form of community service activities carried out can help teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Sidikalang as evidenced by the average teacher already having online classes and being able to manage online classes through Google Classroom and make good learning videos.
KKN Mandiri Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan tema Pengelolaan Data Desa di Desa Saosina Kecamatan Adonara Timur Kabupaten Flores Timur
Authors: Sulaiman Naima , Mea Maria Helena Carolinda Dua
Published: March 2022

In 2021, the University of Flores Community Service Program is carried out in the New Normal period, with students carrying out the Community Service Program independently in their respective villages. The author chose the village of Saosina, which is located on Adonara Island, which is part of the East Flores Regency area. Village data collection is not carried out optimally due to a lack of village officials, limited village facilities, and the absence of a village website. The author managed the data of Saosina village using the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. The main work program at Independent Community Service Program in Saosina Village is to deal with issues that arise in the management of village data administration, such as data collection, input, and the creation of community documents (family cards, birth certificates, transfer letters). Outside of the theme, activities included the distribution of basic food assistance, the production of trash cans, and the cleaning of village offices. It is hoped that the Village Government will be able to continue the programs started by KKN students and apply the concept of implementing activities as done by KKN students. In the face of the digital era 4.0, the Saosina Village Government should be able to create a special website for the Saosina Village Government on the internet that contains village information and statistics about the Saosina village.