bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ideas of Yu.G. Saushkin on the development of the maritime component of Russian socio-economic geography
Authors: Druzhinin A.G.
Published: March 2022

In the modern Russian socio-economic geography, the «maritime» and «seaside» problems occupy an increasingly important place. Its development significantly prolongs the multidimensional developments that took place in the USSR in the 70–80s of the last century, and is based on the theoretical, conceptual and analytical «reserves» created at that time. The article considers the contribution to the formation (and constitution) of general theoretical approaches in the economic and geographical research of the World Ocean by one of the leading theorists, methodologists of science – Professor Yu.G. Saushkin (1911–1982), who had the broadest research horizons, as well as the gift of professional foresight. It is shown that Yu.G. Saushkin not only consistently supported (and popularized) the «marine branch» of geographical science, but also generated important ideas for its progressive dynamics (including in the modern context): the «amphibian» of socio-economic geography, the need to abandon the largely artificial opposition of «land» and «ocean»; the expediency of further differentiation of science according to the subject-object principle, including the isolation of its «marine component»; the inevitability of further growth of the attractiveness of sea coasts for the population and economy, the special role of the largest seaports in this process; the priority of integrated use of the resources of the World Ocean (requiring the «greening» of research approaches, as well as the formation of their cultural aspect).
The Triassic insect fauna from Argentina. I. Auchenorrhyncha, Miomoptera and Ensifera
Authors: Martins-Neto Rafael Gioia , Gallego Oscar Florencio
Published: March 2022

The present paper describes new fossil insect taxa from the Potrerillos and Los Rastros formations, from Mendoza and La Rioja Provinces respectively of Argentina, both of which are dated as late Middle Triassic to early Late Triassic. Three new genera and five new species are proposed, namely Dysmorphoptiloides acostai n. sp., Argentinocicada magna n. gen. et n. sp., Argentinocicada minuta n. sp., Potrerillia nervosa n. gen. et n. sp. (Auchenorrhyncha) and Miomina mendozina n. gen. et n. sp. (Miomoptera). The genus Notopamphagopsis Cabrera (Ensifera) is reviewed. These insects currently represent the most important documentation of a Triasssic insect fauna from South America.
Similarities between skull fragment VM-0 from Orce (Spain) and the Homo erectus holotype from trinil (Java)
Authors: Martinez-Navarro Bienvenido
Published: March 2022

In 1982, cranial fragment VM-0 was found at the Venta Micena site in the province of Granada, southern Spain. The fragment measures between 7 .5 and 9 cm in diameter, and comprises part of the two parietal bones and the upper occipitalis squama. In anatomical orientation, the fragment occupies the area of the obelion.
The curvature of this skull fragment, length of the sagittal suture, form of the suture at its most posterior end (S4), and the angle formed by this suture and the Jambdoid sutures, suggested that the fossil belonged to a primitive member of the genus Homo. It was found in association with an older Lower Pleistocene fauna! assemblage. The fossil was reported by Gibert et al. (1983) on the basis of external anatomical features only, as the internal surface was covered by tightly cemented calcareous gangue that was difficult to remove.
Presentación volumen extraordinario X Jornadas de Paleontología
Authors: Comas-Rengifo Maria José , Rodríguez Sergio
Published: March 2022

Este Número Extraordinario de la Revista Española de Paleontología reúne las comunicaciones presentadas dentro del Terna Monográfico de "Síntesis Paleontol6gicas" de las X Jornadas de Paleontología, que tuvieron lugar en Madrid los días 3, 4 y 5 de noviembre de 1994.
Contiene un total de 26 artículos en los que han intervenido 96 investigadores. No todas las comunicaciones presentadas durante esas Jornadas se han incluido en este número, bien porque los autores han decidido utilizar otras vías de publicación o bien porque los trabajos presentados han sido desestimados por los revisores. Los artículos correspondientes al Tema Libre y cuyos autores han decidido publicarlos en el contexto de las X Jornadas se han reunido en otro volumen que se publica paralelamente a este y que corresponde al número 48 de la revista Coloquios de Paleontología.
Casos de malformaciones en trilobites de España.
Authors: Rábano Isabel , Arbizu Miguel
Published: March 2022

En los últimos años, el estudio de malformaciones en trilobites ha suscitado el interés de numerosos paleontólogos, habiéndose realizado incluso algún trabajo de sintesis sobre este tema. En la Península Ibérica se han registrado hasta el presente cuatro casos de estas malformaciones y únicamente uno de ellos, Placoparia (Coplacoparia) borni Hammann, se recoge en el trabajo de síntesis más completo sobre este tema, que ha sido realizado por Owen en 1985. En el presente estudio se presentan tres casos de malformaciones en trilobites españoles, dos de los cuales son novedad, mientras que el otro corresponde a una de las citas anteriormente existentes y realizada por Smeenk en 1983. El primero de estos casos consiste en una regeneración post-­traumatica de la librigena y punta genal derecha de! asafido Asaphellus toledanus (Gil Cid), probablemente originada durante el ataque de un predador. El ejemplar precede del Ordovícico Medio de Navas de Estena (Ciudad Real). Los dos casos restantes se atribuyen a parasites que afectaron en distintos grados a sendos pigidios de! scutélido Platyscutellum castroi (Mallada), procedentes del Devónico Inferior de Colle (León).
An Estimation of Soil Erosion Rate Hot Spots by Integrated USLE and GIS Methods: a Case Study of the Ghiss Dam and Basin in Northeastern Morocco
Authors: Taher Morad , Mourabit Touafik , Bourjila Abdelhak , Saadi Omar , Errahmouni Ali , El Marzkioui Fouad , El Mousaoui Mhamed
Published: March 2022

Soil erosion is a major factor leading to dams’ siltation and reducing their storage capacity. This study mapped the hot spots of soil erosion areas to predict the soil erosion/siltation in the Ghiss basin/dam (northeastern Morocco). In this context, various data has been prepared in the geographical information system for the estimation of soil erosion by integrating the universal soil loss equation (USLE). The result of this study revealed that soil loss rate ranges between0 and 19 t∙ha−1∙yr−1. Therefore, the hot spots in the soil erosion area are to be found upstream, potentially leading to dam siltation over time. To avoid Ghiss dam siltation, we suggest terrace farming and reforestation in the soil erosion area hot spots.
Topological corner states in acoustic honeycomb structure
Authors: Hu Jun-Rong , Kong Peng , Bi Ren-Gui , Deng Ke , Zhao He-Ping ,   Department of Physics, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China,   Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Changsha 410205, China
Published: March 2022

In recent years, a new type of topological insulator, termed higher-order topological insulator, has attracted tremendous research interest. Such exotic lower-dimensional topological boundary states have been extended and reproduced in classical systems, such as optics and acoustics. In this paper, a two-dimensional acoustic honeycomb structure with a triangle resonant cavity is numerically studied. Topological phase transition is induced by gradually adjusting the intracell and intercell coupling, and then the topological phase is used to construct a second-order topological insulator. The topological properties of second-order topological insulators can be characterized by using the quantized quadrupole moments. When quantized quadrupole \begin{document}$ {Q_{ij}} = 0 $\end{document}, the system is trivial, while \begin{document}$ {Q_{ij}} = 1/2 $\end{document}, the system is topologically nontrivial. We investigate the acoustical higher-order states of triangular and hexagonal structures, respectively. The gapped zero-dimensional corner states are observed in both structures, but the robustness properties of the corner states emerge only in the hexagonal structures but not in the triangular-shaped ones. The topological corner modes will offer a new way to robustly confine the sound in a compact acoustic system.
Fragmentation and atomization characteristics of near-orifice liquid jet under transverse gas film
Authors: Jin Xuan , Shen Chi-Bing ,   Science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China,   China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China
Published: March 2022

In order to understand the fragmentation and atomization characteristics of the liquid jet in transverse gas film, a pintle injection element using air and water as simulants is designed. The two-phase flow large eddy simulation and backlight imaging are used to study the liquid-jet breakup process and spray-field dynamic characteristics in the nearorifice area of pinte injection element under the atmospheric environment. The primary fragmentation process of the liquid jet dominated by surface wave is obtained by large eddy simulation, which reveals the establishment process of the spray field in near-orifice area of the gas-liquid pintle injector. After the subsonic airflow leaves the slit, it expands and accelerates into supersonic state. Then the deceleration and pressurization phenomenon occurs once the supersonic airflow passes through the detached bow shock upstream of the liquid jet. The liquid jet bends downstream due to the difference in pressure between upstream and downstream, and the Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) unstable surface wave appears on the jet windward surface. As the surface wave develops, the penetration of the wave trough by airflow causes the continuous liquid jet to fragment. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method can effectively reconstruct spray snapshot. The POD mode shows that the low-frequency spray oscillation in near-orifice area is caused by the overall expansion/contraction process of the spray field, while the high-frequency one is due to the “impact wave” movement of the liquid block or liquid mist group on the windward side. The latter is produced by the R-T unstable surface wave before the jet breakup, and can be categorized as traveling wave structure. The dimensionless traveling wave wavelength has a power-law relationship with Weber number.
Movilidad marginal en los asentamientos irregulares de la Zona Metropolitana Puebla-Tlaxcala. El caso de Cuitláhuac
Authors: Flores-Lucero María-de-Lourdes , Guevara-Romero María-Lourdes , Silverio Juan-Carlos
Published: March 2022

La marginalidad urbana en los asentamientos irregulares (AI) dificulta la movilidad cotidiana de sus habitantes. Este problema obedece, entre otras cosas, a la débil integración de dichos conjuntos en los instrumentos de planeación de las zonas en que están insertos, y a un juego político perpetuado tanto por los gobiernos locales como por algunas organizaciones políticas, que ven en los AI un blanco fácil para satisfacer intereses partidistas. Nuestro objetivo es aportar a la reflexión sobre las dificultades de movilidad a que se ven sometidos los AI y entender sus causas fundamentales, a través del análisis del caso de la colonia Cuitláhuac de la Zona Metropolitana Puebla-Tlaxcala. Entre los principales resultados destacan, por una parte, el control que ejercen algunos organismos políticos en los AI, que alargan los procesos de apoyo para permanecer más tiempo en el poder, prolongando la marginalidad urbana de dichos asentamientos; y por otra, el desarrollo de formas alternativas de movilidad marginales por parte de los habitantes, con algunos matices de sustentabilidad.
Acerca de los efectos de la localización de la nueva vivienda social sobre las luchas por el acceso a la ciudad de los sectores populares
Authors: Najman Mercedes
Published: March 2022

Recientemente, en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires se implementaron diversas políticas habitacionales “novedosas” que, aunque continuaron emplazándose mayormente en zonas desfavorecidas, incorporaron áreas más ventajosas como lugares posibles para la vivienda social. Este artículo analiza los efectos de la localización desigual de la nueva vivienda social sobre las inscripciones territoriales de sus destinatarios. Mediante un análisis de sus trayectorias residenciales, reflexiona sobre la capacidad de estas políticas para transformar las posiciones que estos hogares ocuparon históricamente en la estructura urbana. Los resultados dan cuenta de que, indistintamente de su localización, la vivienda social tiende a reproducir las inscripciones territoriales previas de sus destinatarios, sin imprimir efectos positivos sobre sus trayectorias residenciales ni trastocar el lugar de los sectores populares en la estructura urbana. Al habilitar accesos diferenciales a la ciudad por medio de distintas localizaciones, las nuevas políticas de vivienda social terminan reproduciendo y profundizando las desigualdades urbanas vigentes.
A Rare Case Report of Hypoplasia of Liver Lobe with Ectopia of Gall Bladder- Is Small Liver Lobe Always Pathological?
Authors: Periasamy Kanimozhi , Eapen Anu
Published: March 2022

Hypoplasia of right lobe of the liver with secondary ectopia of gall bladder is one of the rare morphological developmental anomalies of liver. Frequently, it is also associated with other hepatobiliary anomalies. Patients with such anomalies are more prone to surgical complications due to altered anatomical positions and are also at risk to develop cholecystitis, gall stones, and portal hypertension. The knowledge of such liver anomalies is important for radiologists to avoid surgical and medical pitfalls. Here, the authors report a rare case of hypoplasia of right lobe of liver in a 74-year-old female patient who had no clinical features of liver or biliary disease and with normal liver function test. It was incidentally detected in her Computed Tomography (CT) pulmonary angiogram and further confirmed in Ultrasound (US) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Utility of White Blood Cell Diluting Fluid (Turk’s Fluid) in Evaluation of Haemorrhagic Thyroid Cytology Smears in a Tertiary Care Centre- A Novel Study
Authors: Gorva Amrutha , Shoba KL , Chaithanya K , Arpitha V
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) has been one of the safest and accurate diagnostic technique in diagnosing thyroid lesions. But due to the vascularity of thyroid tissue, diagnostic cells get entrapped in blood clot unless rapid smearing is done.This results in repeat FNAC which is inconvenient to the patient as well as time consuming to pathologist. Therefore, an alternative is required to avoid repeat FNAC procedure. Aim: To evaluate the role of Turk's fluid in haemorrhagic thyroid FNAC smears in comparison to conventional haemorrhagic smears. Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective observational study, which was conducted for the period of six months (March-August 2021). A total of 30 cases were included in the study. FNA sampling was done on patients with thyroid swelling. After the needling was done on the swelling, four smears. One was stained using (H & E). Rest of all the smears were stained by Conventional Giemsa (CG) method. One of these CG stained smears was immediately treated with Turk's fluid for 10-20 seconds. The CG stained smears were compared with the Turk's fluid Treated Giemsa (TTG) smears and evaluated for retention of Red Blood Cells (RBCs), visibility of nuclear and cytoplasmic details of thyroid follicular cells. Results: A total of 30 cases were included in the study. The retention of RBC was lesser in TTG compared to CG which was statistically significant (p-value<0.05). The visibility of cytoplasmic and nuclear morphology on TTG was better than that of CG which was statistically significant (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: TTG smears improves visibility of cytomorphological features by reducing background RBCs and hence avoids repeat FNAC.
Growth and Instability in Production of Basmati Rice in India
Authors: Kumari S. Sangeeta , Perke D. S. , Rede G. D.
Published: March 2022

Basmati rice is a breakthrough cereal crop with distinct characteristics like long grain, superior aroma and unique flavour. Basmati rice is also stated to be the Pearl of Rice. India accounts for over 70% of the world's basmati rice production. So the present study was undertaken with the aim to assess the growth and instability in the area, production and productivity of Basmati rice in India. The secondary data on area, production and productivity of basmati rice were collected for a period of 20 years from 2000 to 2019. The growth performance in production was analysed by using exponential method and instability for the same was worked out of using Coefficient of Variation and Coppock’s Instability Index (CII). The study period was further divided into two sub periods and overall period. The compound growth rate analysis showed that during the overall period, area, production and productivity witnessed a positive and statistically significant growth rate at one per cent level of significance. Production witnessed highest positive growth rate followed by area and productivity. Instability analysis suggested that period I was the most unstable period under study. Coppock’s Instability analysis revealed that during the overall period, variation was highest in production, followed by area and least variation was observed in productivity. The study concluded that efforts must be taken up by the farmers, traders and government to enhance the production and productivity of basmati rice and also explore the possibility of expansion of area under basmati rice cultivation.
Millennials’ Travel Behavior in Small Island Destination: The Overview of Gili Trawangan, Indonesia
Authors: Demolingo Ramang H. , Dewi Liliana , Karyatun Subur , Wiweka Kadek , Adnyana Putu Pramania , Prasetya Andhika
Published: March 2022

Aims: The purpose of this study is to examine the travel behavior of millennial generation tourists in Gili Trawangan at the pre-, during-, and post-travel stages. This research also looks into the viability of Gili Trawangan as a small island destination.

Methodology: This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data gathered through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and literary techniques. The questionnaire was distributed in May and June, with 100 millennial generation tourists on Gili Trawangan, both international and domestic, serving as respondents.

Result: According to the findings of this study, Gili Trawangan is one of the small island destinations that offers tourism-related products such as water tourism attraction, accessibility, ancillary service, and tourist activity. On the demand side, millennial tourists who visit this island are productive generations who come from various large cities in Indonesia or abroad. They are considered a digital generation due to their reliance on smartphones and social media in all aspects of daily life, including work, entertainment, and travel. As a result, millennial tourists' travel decisions are heavily influenced by digital information such as social media status and digital advertisements. Although there is almost no significant difference in the travel behavior of the two types of tourists in general. However, there are some basic differences caused by socio-cultural differences and economic conditions.

Implication/Applications: This research is useful as a reference for tourism industry stakeholders on the island of Gili Trawangan to comprehensively understand the characteristics of millennial generation tourists. Theoretically, the results of this study can also enrich the existing information related to the behavior of millennial tourists, especially those who visit small island destinations.

The Originality of the Study: The small sample size and short questionnaire distribution period were two of the study's limitations. As a result, future research will be able to examine other island tourist destinations with better numbers and an even distribution of vacation sessions.
Studies on Mineral Nutrient Concentration of different Cultivars of Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) in Kashmir
Authors: Khan Inayat M. , Mir S. A. , Chesti M. H. , Mir Amir H. , Wani Shehnaz , Hakeem Shahid , Anayat Rakshanda , Manzoor Aneesa , Mehraj Shereen , Shakeel Asma
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the differences in leaf nutrient concentrations among the three cultivars (Misri, Double and Makhmali) of Sweet Cherry even though they are grown in same conditions. The other goal of the study was to determine variation in nutrient concentration of sweet cherry grown under different locations. Significant differences between cultivars were observed in nitrogen, calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur content in leaves, whereas phosphorus and potassium contents did not exhibit significant differences among the cultivars under study. The higher Nitrogen content was observed in Double and lowest in Makhmali cultivar. Higher content of Magnesium and Sulphur content was observed in Misri and lowest in Makhmali cultivar of sweet Cherry. All the macronutrients under study were significantly affected by the location of the orchards.
Correlation of Diet Regimen in Manifestation of Skin Diseases: A Survey
Authors: Kapurkar Shivani , Ghumde Pooja , Chalakh Sonali
Published: March 2022

Background: Ahara plays main role in the life of every individual. Dietary regimen as always been placed first while discussing the causes for skin diseases. The normal integrity and the immunological role of skin is maintained by nutritional, biochemical and metabolic aspects of diet. Maintaining dietary lifestyle strictly prevents not only skin diseases but also various systemic diseases. So to assess the type of diet and dietary regime in the patient of skin diseases this study has been evaluated.

Aim: Assessing rule of diet-daily regimen in skin diseases of modern era with Ayurveda perspective.

Methods: 100 Patients visiting Kayachikitsa OPD within the duration of 6 months.

Results: It is observed that Aharja hetu and skin diseases are interlinked with each other which disturb psychological health, which ultimately gets affected to sleep pattern. The same subjective we came through while drawing the resultants of the present survey study, in certain aspect that, Mixed diet (70%), Oily and Spicy food (43%), Curd (42%), Tila taila (41%), Madhur (20%), Tea (28%), Snehadravya and Ushnadravya sevan (17%), Ksudha- Bad (38%).

Conclusion: Aharaj hetu are responsible for skin disease due, to habituation with various food entities, leading to rasa raktadi dhatu dushti & its precursor dhatu as  well , also it should  be taken in consideration that, dhatu are been vitiated by dushit avastha of dosha, which ultimately causes of skin disease.
Effect of Initial Antibiotic Therapy in Patients with Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Joshi Disha R. , Kanase V. V. , Katkar Akash
Published: March 2022

Background: Practising the use of antibiotics in emergency surgeries drastically reduces the incidence of post-operative systemic and surgical site infections. There are very few articles about the details of use of antibiotics in abdominal trauma. We studied the effect of preliminary drugs therapy against bacteria in patients with abdominal trauma.

Methods: From Ma    y 2020 to May 2021, we looked back and surveyed the medical files of patients with abdominal trauma in our institution, Krishna institute of medical sciences deemed to be university, Karad. Blunt and piercing abdominal injuries were included in our study

Results: Data of the 432 patients were accumulated. Antibiotic was initiated in 96.4% of penetrating injury and 79.7% with blunt injury. Initial antibiotics therapy was provided to 78.2% of patients with solid organ injury and 97.5% with hollow viscus injury. On an average of 6 days, antibiotics were given in solid organ injuries, 6.2 days in hollow viscus. Infection within 2 weeks of admission occurred in 50 cases. Infection linked severity of injury, surgery performed and blood transfused. Time for which the antibiotic was given did not affect the rate of infection.

Conclusion: It was inferred that the antibiotics were used in massive numbers (84.2%) and for prolonged time (6.2 days) in these patients in Karad.
Transferência de Tecnologia, Patentes e Inovação na Universidade Federal do Tocantins: um Estudo de Caso
Authors: ALVES MARCO ANTONIO BALEEIRO , SANTOS GABRIEL MACHADO , DOZZA MARCOS ANTONIO , JÚNIOR FRANCISCO GILSON REBOUÇAS PÔRTO
Published: March 2022

A Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT) trabalha no depósito de patentes desde 2011, com a criação do seu Núcleo de Inovação Tecnológica (NIT). Em 2018, após criar seu portfólio de patentes, passou a ter como desafio a fase de Transferência de Tecnologia (TT). Percebeu-se então que seria preciso analisar todas as condições internas e externas à instituição acadêmica, considerando os pontos fracos e os pontos fortes. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor ações estratégicas que favoreçam a TT. Para tanto, utilizou-se como metodologias de pesquisa a exploratória, a explicativa, a descritiva e a bibliográfica, que contemplam, além do levantamento bibliográfico e da pesquisa no banco de dados de patentes do Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI), uma visita técnica ao NIT da UFT, onde foi possível descrever a estrutura física e normativa disponível e os trâmites burocráticos e a predisposição deles para as novas ações estratégicas. As principais conclusões identificaram que é necessário implementar melhorias com vistas a promover o incentivo ao desenvolvimento e a concepção de novas tecnologias mais adequadas para as necessidades do mercado, melhorar o sistema de redação de patentes, aperfeiçoar o processo de depósito de patentes, incrementar e apoiar ações caracterizadas no que se refere às atividades ligadas a um modelo mais próximo do que seria uma Agência de Inovação e Difusão Tecnológica e, finalmente, aventou-se a necessidade da construção de um planejamento estratégico mais robusto para favorecer a Transferência de Tecnologia.
Direitos Autorais e Internet: o streaming ilegal de obras audiovisuais
Authors: Neto Paulo Antônio Fernandes , Silva Marcelo Santana
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo trazer à baila discussão sobre direitos autorais e o streaming ilegal de obras audiovisuais na internet. Nele, fez-se uso da pesquisa descritiva. Também foram apresentados conceitos da proteção autoral no Brasil e no mundo. Foi oferecida conceituação do que é obra audiovisual e cita-se a sua evolução até o surgimento dos formatos digitais de divulgação e de reprodução científica sobre o progresso tecnológico, a proteção legal e os usos da tecnologia de streaming. Logo, com a finalização do texto, é possível concluir que existem inúmeros causas e consequências para a problemática apesentada, não só no mundo jurídico, como em todo o mercado consumidor, tendo em vista os crescentes avanços tecnológicos e o aumento da velocidade das trocas de dados na internet, colocando em pauta algumas soluções criadas para combate ao uso desenfreado do streaming ilegal em obras audiovisuais.
Mapeamento da Produção Científica Brasileira sobre Empresas Juniores
Authors: Silva Marina Bezerra da , Xavier Ana Claudia Galvão , Cruz Cleide Ane Barbosa da , Rodrigues Ivanilda de Sousa , Camargo Maria Emília , Fabris Jonas Pedro , Paixão Ana Eleonora Almeida
Published: March 2022

Este artigo objetivou mapear as produções científicas relacionadas às empresas juniores no Brasil. Foram utilizados os métodos da bibliometria e da análise de conteúdo. A busca de artigos ocorreu por meio das bases brasileiras Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library (Speel) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), visando à identificação da literatura nacional acerca do assunto. Foram identificados 28 artigos na base Spell e seis na SciELO, totalizando 34 produções científicas publicadas, no período de 2002 a 2018. Mediante o protocolo utilizado, o estudo identificou que há poucas produções a respeito do assunto no Brasil. Além disso, dentre os principais termos encontrados nos artigos, destacam-se “empresa”, “júnior”, “aprendizagem”, “juniores”, “empresas”, “empreendedorismo” e “organizacional”, refletindo aspectos da aprendizagem técnica geral relacionada aos cursos da área de gestão e negócios e, também, ao desenvolvimento de competências voltadas para o empreendedorismo e para a prática profissional nestas áreas.
Effect of the simulated half leaf width of a multileaf collimator on volumetric modulated arc therapy plan quality in hippocampal avoidance whole‐brain radiotherapy
Authors: Li Ming‐Hsien , Chen Li‐Jhen , Chang Chih‐Chieh , Tsai Jo‐Ting , Lin Jang‐Chun
Published: March 2022

Purpose

Whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is commonly used in patients with multiple brain metastases. Compared with conventional WBRT, hippocampal avoidance WBRT (HA‐WBRT) more favorably preserves cognitive function and the quality of life. The hippocampal volume is considerably small (approximately 3.3 cm3). Therefore, downsizing the leaf width of a multileaf collimator (MLC) may provide higher spatial resolution and better plan quality. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) could simulate the half MLC leaf width through couch shifting between arcs. This study investigated changes in VMAT quality for HA‐WBRT with a simulated fine MLC leaf width.

Methods

We included 18 patients with brain metastasis. All target and avoidance structures were contoured by an experienced radiation oncologist. The prescribed dose was 30 Gy in 10 fractions. For each patient, three different treatment plans were generated for comparison: VMAT with couch‐shift, VMAT without couch‐shift, and TomoTherapy. All treatment plans fulfilled Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0933 criteria for HA‐WBRT. The Wilcoxon paired signed‐rank test was used to compare different treatment plans.

Results

VMAT with couch‐shift had the better average conformity index (0.823) with statistically significant difference compared to VMAT without couch‐shift (0.810). VMAT with couch‐shift (0.219) had a more favorable average homogeneity index (HI) than did VMAT without couch‐shift (0.230), although the difference was not significant. TomoTherapy had an optimal average HI of 0.070. In terms of the hippocampus, all three treatment plans met the RTOG 0933 criteria. VMAT with couch‐shift had a lower average Dmax (15.2 Gy) than did VMAT without couch‐shift (15.3 Gy, p = 0.071) and TomoTherapy (15.5 Gy, p = 0.133). The average D100% of hippocampus was the same for both VMAT with and without couch‐shift (8.5 Gy); however, TomoTherapy had a lower average D100% value of 7.9 Gy. The treatment delivery time was similar between VMAT with and without couch‐shift (average, 375.0 and 369.6 s, respectively). TomoTherapy required a long average delivery time of 1489.9 s.

Conclusion

The plan quality of VMAT for HA‐WBRT was improved by using the couch‐shift technique to simulate the half MLC leaf width. However, the improvement was not statistically significant except conformity index. The downsizing effect decreased with the use of the sophisticated grade of VMAT. TomoTherapy offered superior plan quality but required the longest delivery time.
Benchmarking the proteomic profile of animal models of mesial temporal epilepsy
Authors: Canto Amanda M. , Godoi Alexandre B. , Matos Alexandre H. B. , Geraldis Jaqueline C. , Rogerio Fabio , Alvim Marina K. M. , Yasuda Clarissa L. , Ghizoni Enrico , Tedeschi Helder , Veiga Diogo F. T. , Henning Barbara , Souza Welliton , Rocha Cristiane S. , Vieira André S. , Dias Elayne V. , Carvalho Benilton S. , Gilioli Rovilson , Arul Albert B. , Robinson Renã A. S. , Cendes Fernando , Lopes‐Cendes Iscia
Published: March 2022

Objectives

We compared the proteomic signatures of the hippocampal lesion induced in three different animal models of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE+HS): the systemic pilocarpine model (PILO), the intracerebroventricular kainic acid model (KA), and the perforant pathway stimulation model (PPS).

Methods

We used shotgun proteomics to analyze the proteomes and find enriched biological pathways of the dorsal and ventral dentate gyrus (DG) isolated from the hippocampi of the three animal models. We also compared the proteomes obtained in the animal models to that from the DG of patients with pharmacoresistant MTLE+HS.

Results

We found that each animal model presents specific profiles of proteomic changes. The PILO model showed responses predominantly related to neuronal excitatory imbalance. The KA model revealed alterations mainly in synaptic activity. The PPS model displayed abnormalities in metabolism and oxidative stress. We also identified common biological pathways enriched in all three models, such as inflammation and immune response, which were also observed in tissue from patients. However, none of the models could recapitulate the profile of molecular changes observed in tissue from patients.

Significance

Our results indicate that each model has its own set of biological responses leading to epilepsy. Thus, it seems that only using a combination of the three models may one replicate more closely the mechanisms underlying MTLE+HS as seen in patients.
Translation Reprogramming as a Novel Therapeutic Target in MAFLD
Authors: Metwally Mayada , Berg Thomas , Tsochatzis Emmanuel A. , Eslam Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Approved pharmacotherapies for metabolic‐dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are lacking. Novel approaches and therapeutic targets that are likely to translate to clinical benefit are required. Targeting components of the translation machinery hold promise as a novel therapeutic approach that can overcome the well‐known disease heterogeneity, as dysregulation of mRNA translation is a common feature independent of the MAFLD drivers. In this perspective, recent advances in understanding the role of mRNA translation in MAFLD are discussed, with a particular focus on the potential implications and challenges to “translate” these findings to the clinic, and an overview of similar recent efforts in other diseases is provided.
Tuning Ferroelectric Response of Electroactive Materials by Controlling Multilayered Structures to Achieve Excellent Energy Storage Performance
Authors: Zhong Jiaming , Ju Hao , Fu Chao , Ran Xianghai , Nie Wei
Published: March 2022

Flexible ferroelectric polymers are key candidates for flexible capacitive electronic devices. However, there is a lack of functional and accessible methods to control the ferroelectric response of polymers. Herein, a novel and effective approach is adopted to tune the ferroelectric response of polymers, over the conventional methods (graft or block copolymerization). Specifically, a central ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) layer is sandwiched between shielding layers (polymethacrylate (PMMA)). The differently distributed electric fields were generated in inner and outer layers owing to a larger polarization gradient between PMMA and P(VDF‐TrFE), building a competition in the local ferroelectric layer. Controlling the polarization and thickness of the shielding layer may result in the electric field in it being lesser than the electric field in the ferroelectric layer during reverse poling, leading to a part of the dipoles reverting to the initial direction in the ferroelectric layer. Then dipoles along antiparallel directions coexist in P(VDF‐TrFE), leading to antiferroelectric‐like behavior. With the low remnant polarization, antiferroelectric‐like films possess an excellent discharge energy density (11.72 J cm−3 at 3300 kV cm−1). Given the practicability and simplicity of tuning the ferroelectric response, it is firmly believed that this method will cut a conspicuous figure in a supercapacitor with ultrahigh energy density and discharged efficiency.
Targeting the Microenvironment of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques: An Emerging Diagnosis and Therapy Strategy for Atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Liu Yang , Cao Yue , Zhang Songtao , Sun Jian , Wang Yinghui , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie
Published: March 2022

Atherosclerosis is considered one of the primary causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Unpredictable rupture of the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques triggers adverse cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial syndrome and even sudden cardiac death. Therefore, assessing the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques and early intervention are of significance in reducing CVD mortality. Nanomedicine possesses tremendous advantages in achieving the integration of the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerotic plaques because of its magnetic, optical, thermal, and catalytic properties. Based on the pathological characteristics of vulnerable plaques, stimuli‐responsive nanoplatforms and surface‐functionalized nanoagents are designed and have drawn great attention for accomplishing the precise imaging and treatment of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques due to their superior properties, such as high bioavailability, lesion‐targeting specificity, on‐demand cargo release, and low off‐target damage. Here, the characteristics of vulnerable plaques are generalized, and some targeted strategies for boosting the accuracy of plaque vulnerability evaluation by imaging and the efficacy of plaque stabilization therapy (including antioxidant therapy, macrophage depletion therapy, regulation of lipid metabolism therapy, anti‐inflammation therapy, etc.) are systematically summarized. In addition, existing challenges and prospects in this field are discussed, and it is believed to provide new thinking for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs in the near future.
Farming‐Inspired Continuous Fabrication of Grating Flexible Transparent Film with Anisotropic Conductivity
Authors: Wei Haokun , Zhang Yuanbo , Zhang Xinyu , Feng Bingqiang , Zhou Bing , Zhao Yanjun , Zheng Guoqiang , Dai Kun , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu
Published: March 2022

Flexible transparent conductive films (FTCFs) are critically important for the emerging flexible electronic devices. To this end, FTCFs with conductive gratings have drawn more interests in the past decades. However, there are great challenges to fabricate such FTCFs containing conductive gratings in a facile way. Borrowing the idea from traditional farming, a homemade roll‐to‐roll plowing technique combined with blade coating is proposed to fabricate silver grating FTCFs with anisotropic conductivity in a continuous, cost‐effective, and environmental friendly way. The as‐prepared FTCFs exhibit satisfied optical and electrical properties (i.e., transmittance is 78.2% and sheet resistance is 3.1 Ω □–1). After coated with thin polyvinyl butyral layer through hot‐pressing, it shows a higher transmittance of 84.2% and remarkable mechanical flexibility. Based on the FTCFs with anisotropic conductivity, flexible transparent heater and capacitive keyboard are successfully fabricated. Furthermore, based on such flexible capacitive keyboard, smart wireless controlled human–machine interface system is developed to wirelessly control tablet personal computer working and quadrotor flying. This study provides a promising strategy to fabricate high‐performance FTCFs with anisotropic conductivity via a continuous, cost‐effective, and environmental friendly way.
Hybrid Halide Perovskite‐Based Near‐Infrared Photodetectors and Imaging Arrays
Authors: Mei Luyao , Huang Runfeng , Shen Chaorong , Hu Jianguo , Wang Pu , Xu Zhengji , Huang Zhanfeng , Zhu Lu
Published: March 2022

Hybrid halide perovskites have been demonstrated to be prospective materials in optoelectronic devices due to their outstanding photoelectric properties and facile manufacturability by low‐cost and fast solution‐processed methods. Particularly, to meet increasingly potential applications in near‐infrared (NIR) detection and imaging, perovskites have been introduced and explored their roles, some of which achieve the comparable performance with traditional silicon counterparts. Here, the recent advancements of hybrid halide perovskite‐based NIR photodetectors and imaging arrays in terms of perovskite formation, device structures, working mechanisms, and device performances are reviewed. Pb perovskite‐based devices either employ sub‐bandgap absorption and intraband transition, or incorporate with narrow‐bandgap semiconductors to achieve NIR detection, which could reach the spectral response onset at 2.6 µm wavelength. Sn perovskite‐based devices employ the strategies of template‐assisted engineering and reducing additives to inhibit the oxidation of Sn2+ states for efficient detection. SnPb mixed perovskite devices employ compositional engineering, passivation strategies, crystallization tuning, and encapsulation to achieve efficient and long shelf‐life photodetectors with an external quantum efficiency of 70% at 940 nm wavelength. Finally, potential prospects are proposed, including spectral response extension, pixel integration, flexible devices, and stability, to advance perovskite‐based NIR detection and imaging toward commercial applications.
Tuning the Exchange Bias Effect in 2D van der Waals Ferro‐/Antiferromagnetic Fe3GeTe2/CrOCl Heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Tianle , Zhang Yujun , Huang Mingyuan , Li Bo , Sun Yinghui , Qu Zhe , Duan Xidong , Jiang Chengbao , Yang Shengxue
Published: March 2022

The exchange bias effect is extremely expected in 2D van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnetic (FM)/antiferromagnetic (AFM) heterostructures due to the high‐quality interface. CrOCl possesses strong magnetic anisotropy at 2D limit, and is an ideal antiferromagnet for constructing FM/AFM heterostructures to explore the exchange bias effect. Here, the exchange bias effect in Fe3GeTe2 (FGT)/CrOCl heterostructures through both anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and reflective magnetic circular dichroism (RMCD) measurements is studied. In the AHE measurements, the exchange bias field (HEB) at 3 K exhibits a distinct increase from ≈150 Oe to ≈450 Oe after air exposure, and such variation is attributed to the formation of an oxidized layer in FGT by analyzing the cross‐sectional microstructure. The HEB is successfully tuned by changing the FGT/CrOCl thickness and the cooling field. Furthermore, a larger HEB of ≈750 Oe at 1.7 K in FGT/CrOCl heterostructure through RMCD measurements is observed, and it is proposed that the larger HEB in RMCD measurements is related to the distribution of uncompensated spins at the interface. This work reveals several intriguing phenomena of the exchange bias effect in 2D vdW magnetic systems, which paves the way for the study of related spintronic devices.
Ultrathin P(NDI2OD‐T2) Films with High Electron Mobility in Both Bottom‐Gate and Top‐Gate Transistors
Authors: Steckmann Thomas , Angunawela Indunil , Kashani Somayeh , Zhu Youqin , Nahid Masrur M. , Ade Harald , Gadisa Abay
Published: March 2022

Ultrathin organic films (typically < 10 nm) attracted great attention due to their (semi)transparency and unique optoelectronic properties that benefit applications such as sensors and flexible electronics. At the core of that, achieving high mobility in an ultrathin film is essential for the efficient operation of relevant electronic devices. While the state‐of‐the‐art material systems, e.g., P(NDI2OD‐T2) also known as N2200 can achieve high mobility in a thin film (typically > 20 nm), multitudinous challenges remain in processing an ultrathin film exhibiting desired charge transport morphology within a preferred thickness limit. Here, high electron mobility (a tenfold increase compared to annealed spin‐coated films) is reported in both the top and bottom‐gate configuration organic field‐effect transistors comprising ultrathin N2200 films produced with a water‐floating film transfer method. A range of characterization techniques are used to investigate these ultrathin films and their microstructure, and conclude that favorable edge‐on polymer orientation at the top as well as throughout the ultrathin film thickness and the quality of π–π ordering as captured by the largest coherences length resulted in this high mobility in N2200 ultrathin films, in stark contrast to the commonly observed microstructural gradient in spin‐coated thin films. The results provide new insight into the electronic and microstructural properties of thin films of organic semiconductors.
Reciprocal Xp11.4p11.3 microdeletion/microduplication spanning USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes in two patients with syndromic intellectual disability
Authors: Catino Giorgia , Genovese Silvia , Di Tommaso Silvia , Orlando Valeria , Petti Maria Teresa , De Bernardi Margherita Lucia , Dallapiccola Bruno , Novelli Antonio , Ulgheri Lucia , Piscopo Carmelo , Alesi Viola
Published: March 2022

Only a few patients with deletions or duplications at Xp11.4, bridging USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes, have been described so far. Here, we report on a female harboring a de novo Xp11.4p11.3 deletion and a male with an overlapping duplication inherited from an unaffected mother, presenting with syndromic intellectual disability. We discuss the role of USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes in human development and describe the effects of Xp11.4 deletion and duplications in female and male patients, respectively.
Eine symmetriebasierte kinematische Theorie für das Design von Nanokristall‐Morphologien
Authors: Ni Bing , González‐Rubio Guillermo , Kirner Felizitas , Zhang Siyuan , Cölfen Helmut
Published: March 2022

Das Wachstum von kristallinen Nanopartikeln (NP) umfasst im Allgemeinen drei Prozesse: Keimbildung, Wachstum und die Entwicklung der Form. Von diesen Prozessen ist die Formentwicklung trotz der Bedeutung der Morphologie für die Eigenschaften der NP am wenigsten verstanden. Hier beschreiben wir eine symmetriebasierte kinematische Theorie (SBKT) die auf klassischen Wachstumstheorien basiert, um den Prozess zu veranschaulichen. Auf Grundlage des Kristallgitters, der Keim‐ (oder Kern‐) Symmetrie und der bevorzugten Wachstumsrichtungen unter den experimentellen Bedingungen kann die SBKT die Wachstumstrajektorien veranschaulichen. Die Theorie erfüllt die konventionellen Kriterien der wichtigsten bestehenden Theorien für das Kristallwachstum und bietet Werkzeuge zum besseren Verständnis des Symmetriebrechens während des Wachstums anisotroper Strukturen. Darüber hinaus wird das komplexe dendritische Wachstum sowohl theoretisch als auch experimentell nachgewiesen. Damit bietet sie einen Ansatz zur Erklärung der Formentwicklung und erweitert die Vorhersage der Morphogenese auf Fälle, die von anderen Theorien nicht erfasst werden können.
Lifetime Multiplexing with Lanthanide Complexes for Luminescence In Situ Hybridisation
Authors: Jia Jianguo , Ren Peng , Hu Honghua , Sayyadi Nima , Parvin Farhana , Zheng Xianlin , Shi Bingyang , Piper James A. , Song Bo , Vickery Karen , Lu Yiqing
Published: March 2022

Invited for this month's cover is the group of Yiqing Lu at Macquarie University, Sydney and colleagues at Dalian University of Technology. The cover picture shows photoluminescent sensing based on europium complexes emitting the same (red) colour but distinguishable lifetime (afterglow), which is attributed to a different coordination environment around the europium(3+) ion. More information can be found in the Research Article at 10.1002/anse.202100057.