bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendampingan Penyusunan Reschedule Lifestyle Pasien Hipertensi
Authors: Santoso Windu , Sudarsih Sri
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKHipertensi merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia setiap tahun. Tingginya angka kematian penderita hipertensi di Indonesia merupakan pertanda bahwa masyarakat masih belum memahami pentingnya kepatuhan dalam melakukan pengobatan dan perubahan gaya hidup (life style). Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah sebagai upaya mempersiapkan ners fresh graduate yang merupakan tenaga kesehatan sehingga mampu mendampingi pasien hipertensi dalam merencanakan perubahan gaya hidup menjadi lebih sehat. Kegiatan pendampingan untuk ners fresh graduate dilaksanakan melalui Whatsaap dan google meet. Tahap persiapan berkoordinasi dengan 2 orang ners fresh graduate dan menentukan siapa yang akan menjadi peserta kegiatan. Tahapan pelaksanaan adalah menyusun skenario reschedule lifestyle card dan memberikan pendampingan dalam penyusunan reschedule lifestyle. Hari pertama hingga hari ketiga tim memberikan pendampingan, peserta mengidentifikasi gaya hidup penderita hipertensi dalam 1 minggu terakhir dan berdasarkan hasil identifikasi mengembangkan pola hidup yang lebih sehat. Melalui kegiatan pendampingan ini didapatkan hasil kemampuan ners fresh graduate dalam penyusunan reschedule lifestyle pasien hipertensi meningkat. Kata Kunci :  hipertensi; reschedule; lifestyle  ABSTRACTHypertension is the number one cause of death in the world every year. The high mortality rate for hypertension sufferers in Indonesia is a sign that society still does not understand the essence of taking medication and changing lifestyle. The purpose of this service activity is to prepare new graduates who are health workers so that they can assist hypertensive patients in planning lifestyle changes to be healthier. Mentoring activities for new graduates are carried out through Whatsaap and google meet. The preparation stage coordinates with 2 new graduates and determines who will be participants in the activity. The stages of implementation are compiling a lifestyle card rescheduling scenario and assisting in preparing a lifestyle to reschedule. From the first day to the third day the team assisted, participants who lived the lifestyle of hypertensive sufferers within 1 week and based on the results of the examination developed a healthier lifestyle. Through this mentoring activity, the results of the ability of fresh graduate nurses in preparing hypertension patient lifestyle rescheduling have increased  Keywords:  hypertension; reschedule; lifestyle
Penyuluhan Tentang Pentingnya Mematuhi Protokol Kesehatan di Era Pandemi COVID-19 di UPT Puskesmas Kampung Sawah Bandar Lampung
Authors: Agustin Feri , Restuni Fidia Rara , Detty Ade Utia , Hutasuhut Arti Febriyani , Artini Ika , Dalfian Dalfian
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKCOVID-19 adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh jenis coronavirus yang baru ditemukan. Dalam penanggulan dan pencegahanya Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia menerapkan protokol kesehatan yang harus ditaati oleh masyarakat. Namun, tingkat kepatuhan masyarakat terhadap protokol kesehatan tersebut dirasa masih belum memuaskan. Tujuan dari kegiatan penyuluhan ini adalah agar masyarakat di wilayah kerja UPT Puskesmas Kampung Sawah dapat memahami pentingnya menerapkan serta mematuhi protokol kesehatan selama masa pandemi ini. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di UPT Puskesmas Kampung Sawah. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan Tanya jawab seputar COVID-19 kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penyuluhan tentang protokol kesehatan dimasa pandemi COVID-19. Kegiatan ini merupakan langkah awal untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepedulian masyarakat untuk mematuhi protokol kesehatan di era pandemi COVID-19. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan masyarakat sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi sebesar 63,2 %. Harapan dari kegiatan ini tentunya agar mahasiswa, instansi, dan tenaga kesehatan tidak berhenti untuk terus mengedukasi masyarakat khususnya preventif atau pencegahan COVID-19. Sehingga pada akhirnya akan menurunkan angka kejadian COVID-19 di Indonesia.ABSTRACKCOVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered type of coronavirus. In response and prevention, the Indonesian Ministry of Health implements a health protocol that must be obeyed by the public. However, the level of community compliance with the health protocol is still not satisfactory. The purpose of this outreach activity is for the community in the working area of the UPT Puskesmas Kampung Sawah to understand the importance of implementing and complying with health protocols during this pandemic. This community service activity was carried out at the UPT Puskesmas Kampung Sawah. This activity began with questions and answers about COVID-19 then continued with counseling about health protocols during the pendemic of COVID-19. This activity is the first step to increase public knowledge and concern to comply with health protocols in the era of the COVID-19. The result of this activity was an increase in public knowledge before and after the provision of education by 63.2%. The hope of this activity is, of course, that students, agencies, and health workers do not stop to continue to educate the public, especially prevention of COVID-19. So that in the end it will reduce the incidence of COVID-19 in Indonesia.
THE CHALLENGES OF DRONE USAGE BY SOUTHEAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Hadji-Janev Metodi , Jankuloska Marija
Published: February 2021

The article seeks to explore the perspectives and challenges of employing drone technology by the Southeast European countries (SEE countries) in the light of the challenges imposed by the presence of terrorism and radical extremism in the region of Southeast Europe. The article argues that SEE governments should consider legislative changes and special legislative procedures on domestic level with a due diligence of international principles and standards in order to inhibit any possible abuse of drone technology.

V članku so predstavljeni vidiki in izzivi uporabe tehnologije dronov v državah Jugovzhodne Evrope v luči izzivov, ki jih pomeni prisotnost terorizma in radikalnega ekstremizma v Jugovzhodni Evropi. Teza članka je, da bi vlade v tej regiji morale razmisliti o spremembah v zakonodaji in o posebnih zakonodajnih postopkih na nacionalni ravni, pri čemer je treba ustrezno upoštevati mednarodna načela in standarde, da ne pride do morebitne zlorabe tehnologije dronov.
DIAGNÓSTICO ORGANIZACIONAL COMO FERRAMENTA ESTRATÉGICA NA GESTÃO DE PESSOAS – ESTUDO EM EMPRESA CATARINENSE DO RAMO IMOBILIÁRIO
Authors: Lucas dos Santos Geneia , Prá Raquel , Pereira Moraes Jhony , Da Silva Michelle
Published: February 2021

A precedência de uma análise da situação organizacional interna é um requisito para realizar o planejamento de ações voltadas para a Gestão Estratégica de Pessoas que sustentem o atingimento da estratégia empresarial. Para tanto, as ferramentas de diagnóstico organizacional, como a proposta com Krausz (1994), são valiosas. Com base nesta constatação, surge o presente estudo com o objetivo de, através da aplicação da ferramenta citada, propor melhorias para os processos de Gestão de Pessoas de uma empresa de pequeno porte localizada na cidade de Caçador, Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória envolvendo a aplicação de um questionário (levantamento). Os resultados da aplicação da ferramenta demonstram a necessidade de atuação sobre aspectos como relacionamentos intra e interequipes, comunicação, liderança e clima organizacional, os quais são de significativa importância para garantir o comprometimento dos colaboradores com as metas organizacionais.
Palavras-chave: Diagnóstico Organizacional; Gestão Estratégica de Pessoas; Clima Organizacional; Motivação; Relações Interpessoais.
 
Abstract: The precedence of an analysis of the internal organizational situation is a requirement to carry out the planning of actions aimed for the People's Strategic Management, that sustain the achievement of the business strategy. To this objective, organizational diagnostic tools, such as the one proposed by Krausz (1994), are valuable. Based on this observation, the present study aims to propose improvements to the Personnel Management processes of a small company located in the city of Caçador, Santa Catarina, through the application of the mentioned tool. This is an exploratory survey involving the application of a questionnaire. The results of the application of the tool demonstrate the need to act on aspects, such as intra and intercompany relationships, communication, leadership and organizational climate, which have significant importance to guarantee the commitment of employees into organizational goals.
Keywords: Organizational Diagnosis; Strategic Management of People; Organizational Climate; Motivation; Relationships.
Pengaruh Analisis Fundamental terhadap Harga Saham Syariah Yang Tergabung di Jakarta Islamic Index (JII)
Authors: Graciela Estefania , Laia Marlina , Munawarah Munawarah
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted in order, so we can find out how much influence the variable x on variable y. The independent variable (x) on this research are Earning Per Share, Book Value, Debt to Asset Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Net Profit Margin and the variable y is Sharia Stock Prices listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). This research used the form of annual financial reports published by companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The total sample is 30 companies. The final number in this research is 16 companies between 2015 until 2018. And the data analysis used multiple linear regression, namely simultaneous (F test), partial (T-test), and Least Squares Equation. And the result of the fundamental factors are Earning Per Share, Book Value, Debt to Asset Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Net Profit Margin has an effect of 70,1% on Sharia Stock Prices. While the rest, namely 29,9% is influenced by other factors. Then the partially fundamental factors are Earning Per Share, Book Value, Net Profit Margin has a significant effect on the Sharia Stock Prices, and fundamental factors are Debt to Asset Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio doesn’t have a significant effect on Sharia Stock Prices.
O trabalho de luto e o trabalho com o luto: percepção de estagiários de enfermagem sobre a morte e o morrer junto a pacientes hospitalizados
Authors: Soares Alanna Nunes , Gonçalves Francisca Tatiana Dourado , Melo Karine Costa , Silva Wenderson Costa da , Silva Chrisllayne Oliveira da , Hernandes Linccon Fricks , Nascimento Ianeska Bárbara Ribeiro do , Cruz Maria Cristina Natasha Lima , Oliveira Winthney Paula Souza , Miranda Layse Siqueira Costa , Araújo Zaira Arthemisa Mesquita , Silva Ismael Pereira da , Oliveira Cristina Soares , Alves Taiane da Silva
Published: February 2021

Cientificamente, a morte é um evento biológico, natural e inevitável que caracteriza o final da vida, sendo considerada a falência irreversível do funcionamento dos órgãos. Este estudo objetivou investigar como o estagiário de enfermagem lida com o processo de morte e luto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, do tipo descritiva-exploratória, transversal, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em um hospital geral e em uma maternidade localizados em um município do estado do Maranhão. A amostra foi composta por 10 estagiários de enfermagem. Como resultado constatou-se que os estagiários de enfermagem possuem dificuldades em lidar com a morte e o luto. Os principais sentimentos despertados diante da morte foram a impotência, tristeza, fracasso, frustração, dor, angústia e frieza. Assim, para se proteger, os acadêmicos criam estratégias, das quais se destacam a aceitação, racionalização, religiosidade, distanciamento e negação. Percebeu-se, também, que a compreensão deles frente a finitude da vida está relacionada às experiências pessoais de cada um, entretanto, notou-se que a morte de crianças, jovens e pacientes oncológicos são as mais difíceis de lidar. Conclui-se, em razão dos aspectos mencionados, a importância de introduzir na grade curricular disciplinas que abordem o processo de morte/morrer e luto. Recomenda-se que o estagiário de enfermagem busque realizar cursos, pós-graduações e especializações ao decorrer de sua vida profissional, a fim de adquirir aprendizados sobre como lidar com situações de terminalidade, prestando assistência de qualidade e compartilhando conceitos e experiências.
Varicela grave: uma análise das notificações compulsórias, Brasil 2012 a 2019
Authors: Manetti Camila Lopes , Fernandes Bruna , Oliveira Dagna Karen de , Banovski Dyayne Carla , Araújo Stéphanie Pizatto de , Brusque Carlos Emanuel Piovezani , Panatta Larissa , Maffessoni Anna Luiza , Lopes Lara Frangiotto , Guevara Fernanda Morinigo , Lasta João Lucas , Almeida Ianca Pyetra de , Campos Isadora Maria Pilati , Bonamigo Gabriela Letícia , Silva Eluan Joel Rodrigues da , Barros Rodolfo dos Santos , Lima Ingrid Nascimento , Hendges Geruza Mara , Futagami Paula Bragato , Futagami Renata Bragato
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Descrever e analisar os casos notificados de varicela grave no Brasil e seu impacto social na saúde pública. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal realizado com dados coletados pelo DATASUS, a partir do levantamento de variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, no período de 2012 a 2019, e analisados por meio de cálculos de prevalência e teste de associação qui-quadrado. Resultados: Dos 694.809 casos de varicela grave notificados no Brasil, o ano de 2013 apresentou o maior número de casos (28,51%), com redução do ano de 2013 em relação ao de 2019 (91,3%) e aumento de 55,36% de 2018 a 2019. A maioria dos casos foi do sexo masculino, com variação de 51,15% a 52,31% (p<0,05), cor branca (57,43%), faixa etária escolar (34,1%) e região Sudeste (31,47%). Houve classificação clínica da doença em 433.482 casos, maioria curado (99,8%; p<0,05). A faixa etária pré-escolar foi a única que apresentou, no ano de 2019, porcentagem de casos menor (11,58%) quando comparada com 2012 (30,35%). Conclusão: A introdução da vacina contra varicela resultou em queda do número de casos da doença, com impacto socioeconômico na saúde pública, sendo ainda necessário desmistificar Fake News sobre a vacina para melhorar a cobertura vacinal e evitar uma nova epidemia da doença.
Perfil nosológico da mortalidade materna: a gravidade da gravidez no Marajó II, Pará, Brasil, entre 2010 e 2019
Authors: Bastos da Costa Maria de Fátima , Malveira Salma Saráty , Lima Sérgio Beltrão de Andrade , Costa Ilka Lorena de Oliveira Farias , Leite Djeane Kathe Mascote , Nunes Heliana Helena de Moura , Rassy Maria Elizabete de Castro , Trindade Creusa Barbosa dos Santos , Pedreira Juliana de Borborema Garcia , Fonseca Andressa Fabiana Ferreira
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil nosológico da mortalidade materna na Região de Saúde do Marajó II/PA, período entre 2010 a 2019. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, retrospectivo, utilizando dados secundários do DATASUS, vinculado aos registros de óbitos maternos, considerando as variáveis: tipo de parto, causa básica e momento que ocorreu o óbito, paridade e número de consultas pré-natal da mãe, além de idade, estado civil, escolaridade e ocupação quando do parto (situação do óbito). Resultados: No período avaliado foram registrados no Pará 1.061 óbitos maternos, representando razão de mortalidade materna de calculada em 113,76 óbitos/100 mil nascidos vivos. De todos os óbitos registrados, 71 ocorreram no Marajó II (98,97 óbitos a cada 100 mil nascidos vivos). A mortalidade conforme os principais grupos, classificados por códigos do capítulo XV do CID-10, foram: Eclampsia (O15) e Descolamento prematuro da placenta (O45). A maior parte dos eventos negativos ocorreu entre gestantes jovens, solteiras, com baixo grau de escolaridade e sem atividades remuneradas. Conclusão: A razão de mortalidade materna está acima dos parâmetros aceitáveis e afeta principalmente mulheres em situação de alta vulnerabilidade. Isso evidencia a necessidade de adotar um novo modelo de atenção a saúde das mulheres capaz de organizar a rede assistencial atendendo às necessidades de grupos menos favorecidos economicamente e socialmente.
Inter-relação entre COVID-19 e diabetes mellitus: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Marinho Felipe Pereira , Loyola Isabella Santos de , Monteiro Igor de Oliveira Freire , Castro Tiffani Marioto , Carvalho Maria das Graças de Souza , Garcia José Antonio Dias , Silvério Alessandra Cristina Pupin , Santos Gérsika Bitencourt
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Indivíduos com diabetes correm um risco maior de hospitalização e mortalidade resultante de infecções virais, bacterianas e fúngicas. A doença do coronavírus-2019 (COVID-19), causada pela síndrome respiratória aguda grave do coronavírus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), se espalhou rapidamente para os países e custou milhares de vidas até dezembro de 2020. Notavelmente, em vários estudos, o diabetes é uma das comorbidades mais relatadas em pacientes com COVID-19 grave. Objetivo: Discutir sobre a influência do diabetes sobre o prognóstico de pacientes com COVID-19 através de uma revisão literatura. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática. Para identificar a literatura publicada até dezembro de 2020, foram aplicadas estratégias de buscas individuais nos seguintes bancos de dados eletrônicos: PubMed, Medline, Lilacs e SciELO. Resultados: Pode-se notar que com base nos novos dados clínicos obtidos de pacientes COVID-19, vários mecanismos, como tempestade de citocinas, disfunção pulmonar e endotelial e hipercoagulação, que podem tornar os indivíduos com diabetes mais vulneráveis à COVID-19. Estudos epidemiológicos mostram que o diabetes mal controlado é um fator de risco para várias doenças infecciosas. Conclusão: Dado a importância clínica do diabetes e a natureza pandêmica dos coronavírus, compreender como o diabetes afeta a gravidade da COVID-19 é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de conscientização da população e de tratamentos personalizados de indivíduos afetados pelas doenças.
Cuidados de enfermagem à luz da complexidade: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Charlo Patrícia Bossolani , Cardoso Luana Cristina Bellini , Pires Graziele Adrieli Rodrigues , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade , Carreira Lígia , Meirelles Betina Horner Schlindwein , Salci Maria Aparecida
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a utilização do referencial teórico da Complexidade proposto por Edgar Morin na produção do conhecimento sobre cuidado de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e PubMed, no período de 2009 a 2020. Para a seleção dos artigos utilizou- a estratégia PICo. Foram incluídos artigos completos e originais. Para auxiliar a análise dos dados, as informações foram operacionalizadas no software IRAMUTEQ®. Foram selecionados 14 artigos, publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, com predomínio de pesquisas qualitativas. Após análise minuciosa originou-se duas classes - Classe 1: O paradigma da Complexidade e os cuidados de enfermagem diante as adversidades da assistência. Classe 2: Complexidade dos cuidados nas fases da infância e adolescência. A Teoria da Complexidade é utilizada para compreender as relações e os fenômenos que circundam a assistência de enfermagem como um todo.
A atenção dada à saúde na agenda política do Estado da Bahia
Authors: Menezes Murillo Lago , Lima Ana Maria Freire de Souza , Souza Neidiana Braga da Silva , Silva Temistocles Damasceno
Published: February 2021

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a atenção dada à saúde nos planos de governo dos candidatos ao cargo de governador do Estado da Bahia, no processo eleitoral de 2018. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, de caráter exploratório e abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados no portal DivulgaCand do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. Para organização e tratamento dos dados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Os dados foram organizados com base nas seguintes categorias: projetos específicos; infraestrutura; qualificação da atenção básica; tecnologia da saúde; vigilância à saúde; regionalização da assistência e atenção integral à saúde. Ao observar o quantitativo de propostas por representação partidária, o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) e o Democratas (DEM) apresentaram maior abrangência de assuntos e volume de propostas. Ao mesmo tempo, observou-se maior incidência de pautas correlatas a infraestrutura e ações de integralidade na saúde. Contudo, as propostas diagnosticadas encontram-se difusas e dissonantes das prerrogativas elencadas nas diretrizes nacionais de saúde.
Extensa epúlide congênita em uma recém-nascida: diagnóstico e tratamento de uma lesão rara
Authors: Deus Ciro Borges Duailibe de , Silva João Victor Uchôa , Oliva André Hergesel de , Nunes Wellington José Alves , Okamoto Roberta
Published: February 2021

A epúlide congênita é um tumor benigno e raro que acomete a mucosa oral de recém-nascidos. Apesar de ser benigna, esta lesão pode atingir extensa dimensão e prejudicar a função do complexo maxilomandibular tanto para alimentação, quanto para respiração, devendo então ser diagnosticada o mais precocemente possível para que seja realizada sua remoção. O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de diagnóstico e tratamento de uma recém-nascida com epúlide congênita de grandes proporções. Paciente M.C.A., leucoderma, 2,7kg, gênero feminino e normorreativa, apresentava no exame físico do período pós-natal imediato, uma lesão nodular, lisa, não-ulcerada e pediculada com 40 milímetros em seu maior diâmetro, localizada em mucosa alveolar vestibular de maxila direita. Com a integração multiprofissional entre a equipe médica de pediatria, radiológica e cirurgia buco-maxilo-facial, foram solicitados e avaliados os exames de tomografia computadorizada e ultrassonografia com doppler para avaliação do fluxo sanguíneo da lesão e exclusão definitiva do diagnóstico diferencial de hemangioma. O procedimento de exérese foi realizado sem intercorrências sob anestesia geral, quando o paciente datava onze dias de vida. A peça anatômica foi enviada para avaliação histopatológica e imuno-histoquímica, que confirmaram o diagnóstico clínico de epúlide congênita. A paciente apresentou recuperação nutricional imediata e evoluiu satisfatoriamente. A epúlide congênita por se tratar de uma condição rara, acaba sendo muitas vezes subdiagnosticada e confundida com lesões vasculares, por isso, a abordagem multiprofissional direciona o diagnóstico e o tratamento de forma adequada.
Efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico e do óleo de nim (Azadirachta indica) sobre o fungo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum e na resistência induzida de quiabeiros à fusariose
Authors: Melo Thiago Anchieta de , Serra Ilka Márcia Ribeiro de Souza , Nascimento Ingrid Tayane Vieira da Silva do
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico e do óleo de nim sobre o crescimento micelial, esporulação, germinação e adesão de conídios do fungo F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum e avaliar o efeito desses produtos na indução de resistência em quiabeiros tratados e, posteriormente, inoculados com o fungo, por meio da atividade de enzimas antioxidantes relacionadas com processos de defesa vegetal. Os resultados evidenciaram que tanto o extrato quanto o óleo de nim foram eficientes em inibir o crescimento micelial e esporulação do fungo. Além disso, houve inibição da germinação e fixação de conídios produzidos na presença dos produtos. O extrato e o óleo de nim reduziram a severidade da doença nos quiabeiros, medida pelo índice de infecção da doença. Além disso, incrementos significativos das enzimas guaiacol-peroxidase, polifenoloxidase, superóxido-dismutase e catalase foram observados nos quiabeiros tratados com os produtos, sendo estes aumentos, diretamente proporcionais aos aumentos das concentrações utilizadas. Assim, tanto o extrato quanto o óleo de nim têm efeitos diretos sobre o desenvolvimento do fungo F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum e induzem resistência em quiabeiros a partir da formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs).
Differences in foraging habitat result in contrasting fisheries interactions in two albatross populations
Authors: Corbeau A , Collet J , Pajot A , Joo R , Thellier T , Weimerskirch H
Published: February 2021

Albatrosses attend fishing boats to feed on fishing discards but are often at risk of accidental bycatch. To examine whether populations (same species) and sexes differ in their overlap with fisheries due to differences in habitat use, we combined the use of recently developed loggers equipped with GPS and boat radar detectors with Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Our study indicates that incubating wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans from Crozet and Kerguelen foraged in different habitats although the duration of trips was similar. Both female and male Kerguelen birds took advantage of the large and productive surrounding shelf, whereas Crozet birds used the small shelf around the islands to a lesser extent. In Crozet, there was segregation between males and females, the latter favouring deeper and warmer waters. The 2 strategies of habitat use led to different overlap and attraction to boats, with Kerguelen birds encountering and attending boats for longer and at closer proximity to the colony than Crozet birds. Crozet females encountered boats at greater distances from the colony than males. Because of their different habitat use and foraging outside exclusive economic zones (EEZ) and further from the colony, Crozet birds attended more non-declared boats (without AIS) than Kerguelen birds. Albatrosses were more attracted by fisheries than cargo vessels and were especially attracted by fishing discards that led them to attend vessels for longer periods for both sexes and populations. The differences found between populations and individuals in terms of habitat specialization and encounter rate of fisheries should be considered for future assessments of risk of bycatch.
Larger offspring associated with lower temperatures across species of Microporella, a widespread colonial invertebrate
Authors: Di Martino E , Liow LH
Published: February 2021

Among life history traits, offspring size has one of the most direct impacts on fitness, influencing growth, recruitment and survival of the individual, therefore affecting population, and ultimately macroevolutionary outcomes. Despite its ecological and evolutionary importance, little is known about how offspring size varies in lineages over macroevolutionary timescales, especially for colonial organisms. Here, we use the cheilostome bryozoan genus Microporella to investigate variation in offspring size over the history of the lineage. The genus Microporella is species-rich, cosmopolitan, has a calcified skeleton (and is hence readily preserved in the fossil record), and is a brooder. The brood structure (ovicell) reliably reflects the space occupied by a larva and hence ovicell size is a good proxy for offspring size. Using a suite of biotic and abiotic factors, we ask what best explains offspring/larval size variation in contemporary and fossil species of Microporella, and how offspring/larval size changes through the millions of years of the history of the lineage. We find that offspring size is affected by a combination of module size and water temperature (or latitude when fossil species are included), while fecundity and levels of nutrients have a weak to no effect on this life history trait. Among Microporella species, descendant species are statistically more likely to have larger offspring than their putative ancestors, with the size difference between species pairs little explained by temporal latitudinal shifts. Our results suggest that both contemporary ecological controls and historical considerations are important in understanding life history trait evolution.
Mild hypothermia attenuates changes in respiratory system mechanics and modifies cytokine concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during low lung volume ventilation
Authors: Dostál P , Šenkeřík M , Pařízková R , Bareš D , Živný P , Živná H , Černý V
Published: February 2021

Hypothermia was shown to attenuate ventilator-induced lung
injury due to large tidal volumes. It is unclear if the protective
effect of hypothermia is maintained under less injurious
mechanical ventilation in animals without previous lung injury.
Tracheostomized rats were randomly allocated to non-ventilated
group (group C) or ventilated groups of normothermia (group N)
and mild hypothermia (group H). After two hours of mechanical
ventilation with inspiratory fraction of oxygen 1.0, respiratory
rate 60 min-1, tidal volume 10 ml·kg-1, positive end-expiratory
pressure (PEEP) 2 cm H2O or immediately after tracheostomy in
non-ventilated animals inspiratory pressures were recorded, rats
were sacrificed, pressure-volume (PV) curve of respiratory
system constructed, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and aortic
blood samples obtained. Group N animals exhibited a higher rise
in peak inspiratory pressures in comparison to group H animals.
Shift of the PV curve to right, higher total protein and interleukin6 levels in BAL fluid were observed in normothermia animals in
comparison with hypothermia animals and non-ventilated
controls. Tumor necrosis factor-α was lower in the hypothermia
group in comparison with normothermia and non-ventilated
groups. Mild hypothermia attenuated changes in respiratory
system mechanics and modified cytokine concentration in
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid during low lung volume ventilation in
animals without previous lung injury.
Influence of Heat Shock Protein (HSP-70) Enhancing Compound From Red Alga (Porphyridium cruentum) for Augmenting Egg Production in Copepod Culture – A New In Silico Report
Authors: ALTAFF Kareem , VIJAYARAJ Radha
Published: February 2021

The present study reports in silico investigation of bioactive compounds from marine microalgae capable of escalating copepod fecundity potential through enhanced heat shock protein (HSP-70) production. The structure of ligand (bioactive compounds from microalgae) and hsp-70 obtained from the databases of PubChem and Protein Data Bank (PDB), respectively. Molecular Docking was performed by GOLD software and ligand interaction pathways using web server MANORAA. Fourteen bioactive compounds showed good biding interaction with specific protein HSP-70 and seven of these compounds showed high hydrogen bond interaction with key amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan). The highest binding energy of 50.21 is recorded in the bioactive compound, arachidonic acid from the red alga Porphyridium cruentum TYR 167 involved in the biosynthesis pathway of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan also showed specific target site of tryptophan synthase (4.2.1.20). Results suggest with P. cruentum feed copepod culture could boost their fecundity leading to high density culture.
Like Oil Floating on Water: Italy’s Olive Crisis and the Politics of Backlash against Transnational Legal Orders
Authors: Pavone Tommaso
Published: February 2021

How do failures to reconcile international law with local knowledge in moments of political crisis frustrate compliance, foment conspiracy, and foster backlash? This article illuminates this puzzle through a case study of the law and politics surrounding the destructive outbreak of xylella fastidiosa amidst the olive groves of Italy since 2013. The epidemic prompted interventions by the European Commission and the European Court of Justice to limit the pathogen’s diffusion by applying EU environmental regulations and mandating the eradication of thousands of trees. Yet given limited consultations of local stakeholders and lackluster local knowledge, the EU’s containment efforts backfired, sparking a farmers’ revolt and prompting Italian judges to traffic in conspiracy to obstruct compliance. Drawing on theories of legal mobilization and political sociologies of contentious events, Italy’s olive crisis exemplifies the rise of a contentious politics of resentment that can desiccate the on-the-ground authority of even well-entrenched transnational legal orders.
The Epistemology of Swarming in Patient Care: An Innovative Approach to Admitting Patients into Intensive Care Units
Authors: Miller Aretha D , Stephenson Cheryl
Published: February 2021

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that addresses cognitive sciences, the history of science and cultural studies. It investigates the origin, methods, nature and limits of knowledge and seeks to determine what we know and how we know it. It is also used to determine truth or falsehoods as we strive to acquire knowledge. This review examined the epistemology of Swarming in patient care, following the SQUIRE guidelines. No best practices exist on how to SWARM patients, yet this process is performed by frontline nurses daily. Four examples of Swarming were examined and a systematic approach on how to SWARM critically ill patients in the admission process into ICUs was recommended. Tasks needed once the patient arrives into the ICU suite are for the primary RN to receive bedside report from the healthcare team and log into the Electronic Health Record to start the admission note. A checklist was introduced to streamline tasks with the goal to reduce the number of chores to be performed by the primary RN, thus freeing up time for assessments of the critically ill patient. This work strives to improve efficiency in the workflow of the ICU admission process, by improving communication amongst the team via practice and a consistent approach to admitting critical patients.
Smarce1 and Tensin 4 Are Putative Modulators of Corneoscleral Stiffness
Authors: Boazak Elizabeth M. , King Rebecca , Wang Jiaxing , Chu Cassandra M. , Toporek Aaron M. , Sherwood Joseph M. , Overby Darryl R. , Geisert Eldon E. , Ethier C. Ross
Published: February 2021

The biomechanical properties of the cornea and sclera are important in the onset and progression of multiple ocular pathologies and vary substantially between individuals, yet the source of this variation remains unknown. Here we identify genes putatively regulating corneoscleral biomechanical tissue properties by conducting high-fidelity ocular compliance measurements across the BXD recombinant inbred mouse set and performing quantitative trait analysis. We find seven cis-eQTLs and non-synonymous SNPs associating with ocular compliance, and show by RT-qPCR and immunolabeling that only two of the candidate genes, Smarce1 and Tns4, showed significant expression in corneal and scleral tissues. Both have mechanistic potential to influence the development and/or regulation of tissue material properties. This work motivates further study of Smarce1 and Tns4 for their role(s) in ocular pathology involving the corneoscleral envelope as well as the development of novel mouse models of ocular pathophysiology, such as myopia and glaucoma.
Using the Zebrafish Lateral Line to Understand the Roles of Mitochondria in Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Holmgren Melanie , Sheets Lavinia
Published: February 2021

Hair cells are the mechanosensory receptors of the inner ear and can be damaged by noise, aging, and ototoxic drugs. This damage often results in permanent sensorineural hearing loss. Hair cells have high energy demands and rely on mitochondria to produce ATP as well as contribute to intracellular calcium homeostasis. In addition to generating ATP, mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species, which can lead to oxidative stress, and regulate cell death pathways. Zebrafish lateral-line hair cells are structurally and functionally analogous to cochlear hair cells but are optically and pharmacologically accessible within an intact specimen, making the zebrafish a good model in which to study hair-cell mitochondrial activity. Moreover, the ease of genetic manipulation of zebrafish embryos allows for the study of mutations implicated in human deafness, as well as the generation of transgenic models to visualize mitochondrial calcium transients and mitochondrial activity in live organisms. Studies of the zebrafish lateral line have shown that variations in mitochondrial activity can predict hair-cell susceptibility to damage by aminoglycosides or noise exposure. In addition, antioxidants have been shown to protect against noise trauma and ototoxic drug–induced hair-cell death. In this review, we discuss the tools and findings of recent investigations into zebrafish hair-cell mitochondria and their involvement in cellular processes, both under homeostatic conditions and in response to noise or ototoxic drugs. The zebrafish lateral line is a valuable model in which to study the roles of mitochondria in hair-cell pathologies and to develop therapeutic strategies to prevent sensorineural hearing loss in humans.
Differences in Calcium Clearance at Inner Hair Cell Active Zones May Underlie the Difference in Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Cochlea Synaptopathy of C57BL/6J and CBA/CaJ Mice
Authors: Liu Hongchao , Peng Hu , Wang Longhao , Xu Pengcheng , Wang Zhaoyan , Liu Huihui , Wu Hao
Published: February 2021

Noise exposure of a short period at a moderate level can produce permanent cochlear synaptopathy without seeing lasting changes in audiometric threshold. However, due to the species differences in inner hair cell (IHC) calcium current that we have recently discovered, the susceptibility to noise exposure may vary, thereby impact outcomes of noise exposure. In this study, we investigate the consequences of noise exposure in the two commonly used animal models in hearing research, CBA/CaJ (CBA) and C57BL/6J (B6) mice, focusing on the functional changes of cochlear IHCs. In the CBA mice, moderate noise exposure resulted in a typical fully recovered audiometric threshold but a reduced wave I amplitude of auditory brainstem responses. In contrast, both auditory brainstem response threshold and wave I amplitude fully recovered in B6 mice at 2 weeks after noise exposure. Confocal microscopy observations found that ribbon synapses of IHCs recovered in B6 mice but not in CBA mice. To further characterize the molecular mechanism underlying these different phenotypes in synaptopathy, we compared the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 with the expression of cytochrome-C and found increased activity in CBA mice after noise exposure. Under whole-cell patch clamped IHCs, we acquired two-photon calcium imaging around the active zone to evaluate the Ca2+ clearance rate and found that CBA mice have a slower calcium clearance rate. Our results indicated that excessive accumulation of calcium due to acoustic overexposure and slow clearance around the presynaptic ribbon might lead to disruption of calcium homeostasis, followed by mitochondrial dysfunction of IHCs that cause susceptibility of noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy in CBA mice.
Rapamycin Protects Skin Fibroblasts From UVA-Induced Photoaging by Inhibition of p53 and Phosphorylated HSP27
Authors: Bai Gen-Long , Wang Ping , Huang Xin , Wang Zi-Yue , Cao Di , Liu Chuan , Liu Yi-Yi , Li Ruo-Lin , Chen Ai-Jun
Published: February 2021

Skin aging caused by UV radiation is called photoaging is characterized by skin roughness and dryness accompanied by a significant reduction of dermal collagen. Rapamycin is a macrolide immunosuppressant which has been shown to exhibit “anti-aging” effects in cells and organisms, however, its roles in the skin photoaging remains unclear. Here, we investigate the role of rapamycin and HSP27, which we have previously identified as an inhibitor of UV-induced apoptosis and senescence in HaCat cells, in a UVA-induced photoaging model of primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Results from senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining revealed that rapamycin significantly reduced senescence in UVA-treated HDFs. In addition, treatment with rapamycin significantly increased cell autophagy levels, decreased the expression of p53 and phosphorylated HSP27, and reduced genotoxic and oxidative cellular stress levels in UVA-induced HDFs. Knockdown of HSP27 resulted in a significant increase of MMP-1 and MMP-3 as well as a decrease in type I collagen expression. Rapamycin mitigated these effects by activation of the classical TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and increasing the transcriptional activity of MAPK/AP-1. Taken together, these results suggest that rapamycin may potentially serve as a preventive and therapeutic agent for UVA-induced photoaging of the skin.
TTL-Expression Modulates Epithelial Morphogenesis
Authors: Müller Manuel , Ringer Karina , Hub Florian , Kamm Natalia , Worzfeld Thomas , Jacob Ralf
Published: February 2021

Epithelial monolayer formation depends on the architecture and composition of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Microtubules control bidirectional trafficking and determine the positioning of structural cellular proteins. We studied the role of tubulin tyrosination in epithelial cell shape and motility. Tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), the enzyme that adds tyrosine to the carboxy terminus of detyrosinated α-tubulin, was depleted or overexpressed in 2D epithelial monolayers as well as in 3D intestinal organoids. We demonstrate qualitatively and quantitatively that in the absence of TTL the cells comprise high levels of detyrosinated tubulin, change their shape into an initial flat morphology and retardedly acquire a differentiated columnar epithelial cell shape. Enhanced adhesion and accelerated migration patterns of TTL-knockout cells combined with reverse effects in TTL-overexpressing cells indicate that the loss of TTL affects the organization of cell adhesion foci. Precipitation of detyrosinated tubulin with focal adhesion scaffold components coincides with increased quantities and persistence of focal adhesion plaques. Our results indicate that the equilibrium between microtubules enriched in detyrosinated or tyrosinated tubulin modulates epithelial tissue formation, cell morphology, and adhesion.
Electrically Stimulated Tunable Drug Delivery From Polypyrrole-Coated Polyvinylidene Fluoride
Authors: Miar Solaleh , Ong Joo L. , Bizios Rena , Guda Teja
Published: February 2021

Electrical stimulus-responsive drug delivery from conducting polymers such as polypyrrole (PPy) has been limited by lack of versatile polymerization techniques and limitations in drug-loading strategies. In the present study, we report an in-situ chemical polymerization technique for incorporation of biotin, as the doping agent, to establish electrosensitive drug release from PPy-coated substrates. Aligned electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers were used as a substrate for the PPy-coating and basic fibroblast growth factor and nerve growth factor were the model growth factors demonstrated for potential applications in musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. It was observed that 18-h of continuous polymerization produced an optimal coating of PPy on the surface of the PVDF electrospun fibers with significantly increased hydrophilicity and no substantial changes observed in fiber orientation or individual fiber thickness. This PPy-PVDF system was used as the platform for loading the aforementioned growth factors, using streptavidin as the drug-complex carrier. The release profile of incorporated biotinylated growth factors exhibited electrosensitive release behavior while the PPy-PVDF complex proved stable for a period of 14 days and suitable as a stimulus responsive drug delivery depot. Critically, the growth factors retained bioactivity after release. In conclusion, the present study established a systematic methodology to prepare PPy coated systems with electrosensitive drug release capabilities which can potentially be used to encourage targeted tissue regeneration and other biomedical applications.
HIV-1 Infection Is Associated With Increased Prevalence and Abundance of Plasmodium falciparum Gametocyte-Specific Transcripts in Asymptomatic Adults in Western Kenya
Authors: Stiffler Deborah M. , Oyieko Janet , Kifude Carolyne M. , Rockabrand David M. , Luckhart Shirley , Stewart V. Ann
Published: February 2021

As morbidity and mortality due to malaria continue to decline, the identification of individuals with a high likelihood of transmitting malaria is needed to further reduce the prevalence of malaria. In areas of holoendemic malaria transmission, asymptomatically infected adults may be infected with transmissible gametocytes. The impact of HIV-1 on gametocyte carriage is unknown, but co-infection may lead to an increase in gametocytemia. In this study, a panel of qPCR assays was used to quantify gametocyte stage-specific transcripts present in dried blood spots obtained from asymptomatic adults seeking voluntary HIV testing in Kombewa, Kenya. A total of 1,116 Plasmodium-specific 18S-positive samples were tested and 20.5% of these individuals had detectable gametocyte-specific transcripts. Individuals also infected with HIV-1 were 1.82 times more likely to be gametocyte positive (P<0.0001) and had significantly higher gametocyte copy numbers when compared to HIV-negative individuals. Additionally, HIV-1 positivity was associated with higher gametocyte prevalence in men and increased gametocyte carriage with age. Overall, these data suggest that HIV-positive individuals may have an increased risk of transmitting malaria parasites in regions with endemic malaria transmission and therefore should be at a higher priority for treatment with gametocidal antimalarial drugs.
First Succinylome Profiling of Vibrio alginolyticus Reveals Key Role of Lysine Succinylation in Cellular Metabolism and Virulence
Authors: Zeng Fuyuan , Pang Huanying , Chen Ying , Zheng Hongwei , Li Wanxin , Ramanathan Srinivasan , Hoare Rowena , Monaghan Sean J. , Lin Xiangmin , Jian Jichang
Published: February 2021

Recent studies have shown that a key strategy of many pathogens is to use post-translational modification (PTMs) to modulate host factors critical for infection. Lysine succinylation (Ksuc) is a major PTM widespread in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and is associated with the regulation of numerous important cellular processes. Vibrio alginolyticus is a common pathogen that causes serious disease problems in aquaculture. Here we used the affinity enrichment method with LC-MS/MS to report the first identification of 2082 lysine succinylation sites on 671 proteins in V. alginolyticus, and compared this with the lysine acetylation of V. alginolyticus in our previous work. The Ksuc modification of SodB and PEPCK proteins were further validated by Co-immunoprecipitation combined with Western blotting. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the identified lysine succinylated proteins are involved in various biological processes and central metabolism pathways. Moreover, a total of 1,005 (25.4%) succinyl sites on 502 (37.3%) proteins were also found to be acetylated, which indicated that an extensive crosstalk between acetylation and succinylation in V. alginolyticus occurs, especially in three central metabolic pathways: glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, and pyruvate metabolism. Furthermore, we found at least 50 (7.45%) succinylated virulence factors, including LuxS, Tdh, SodB, PEPCK, ClpP, and the Sec system to play an important role in bacterial virulence. Taken together, this systematic analysis provides a basis for further study on the pathophysiological role of lysine succinylation in V. alginolyticus and provides targets for the development of attenuated vaccines.