bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of variations in torque expression in maxillary incisor and canine using different bracket prescriptions placed at different crown levels by finite element (FE) method: An in-vitro analysis
Authors: Sivanandam Muruganandam , Venkata Kalyan Vikram , Rajendran Ramya , Arafath M. Mohamed , Sudhakar V , Chinnasamy Anandadevi , Mallela Santhi Sree , Babu Suresh J , Swarnalatha C , Nayyar Abhishek S.
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE:

While using preadjusted brackets, the position of the bracket on the crown is one of the deciding factors that determine the tooth's final tip, torque, height, and rotation. The final tooth position is not optimal if the bracket is placed incorrectly or if the varying crown morphology does not correspond with the bracket design. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the variations in torque expression in maxillary incisor and canine using different bracket prescriptions placed at different crown levels by finite element method.

METHODS:

For the present study, three-dimensional models of maxillary right central incisor and canine were made using CREO version 4.0 software. CREO is a powerful three-dimensional (3-D) computer-based, computer-aided design (CAD) software developed by Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC) to aid in design processes. Simulation was done to replicate the clinical situation of an active palatal root torque acting on the incisor and canine. The induced palatal movement of root tips and labial movement of crowns tips, overall stress, and von Mises stress generated in the brackets and the total equivalent strains developed in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were calculated, while the values obtained were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

Based on the findings of the present study, the average maximum stress produced in the bracket was calculated as 265.069 Mpa in incisor and 166.742 Mpa in the canine. Likewise, the average of the maximum displacement of root apex observed in the present study was calculated as 0.01401 mm in the incisor and 0.00421 mm in the canine, while the average strain developed in the PDL was calculated as 0.0587 for incisor and 0.0498 for the canine. Furthermore, it was, also, observed that the magnitude of strain developed in the PDL increased with increase in the stress produced by the bracket prescription for both incisor and canine.

CONCLUSIONS:

Within the limitations of the present study, it was concluded that the magnitude of displacement of root apex was significantly influenced by bracket prescription and bracket position. Also, the stress developed in the bracket was influenced by bracket prescription and position, while the variation in crown morphology in the incisor and canine played a significant role in the eventual strain developed in the PDL after torque application.
Assessment of the influence of metal ions released from the fixed orthodontic appliances on the static friction and surface topography of stainless steel and I archwires: An in-vitro study
Authors: Yakop Hussein S. , Al Qassar Sarmad S. Salih , Aljoubory Mahmood Ahmad Hamood
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:

Static friction force between the orthodontic brackets and wire impacts the sliding mechanics that affect teeth movements and treatment duration. This sliding media is jam-packed with released metal ions from the fixed appliances. This study aimed to assess the static frictional force and surface topography of stainless steel (SS) and I archwires in dry conditions and in media fully with metal ions that were released from fixed appliances.

METHODS:

In this research study, a set of 60 as-received straight archwires specimens (5 cm wire) were employed and categorized into two groups based on the material type [30 super elastics new I archwires gauge (0.018 × 0.014 inch) and 30 SS archwires 0.018 × 0.022” as a control]. The archwires' static friction force was measured while sliding a loaded Roth SS brackets (0.018”) on the archwire using a universal tensile testing machine in dry and metal ions released media, while the surface topography was assessed using a noncontact AFM machine.

RESULTS:

The static friction of I archwire was significantly lower than the SS wire in dry condition. Metal ions media released from fixed appliances significantly reduced the Static friction compared to dry and wet conditions with deionized water for both wires. An Atomic Force Microscope machine surface roughness reports revealed that the highest mean of all three roughness parameters was found in the SS group, followed by I archwires in descending order. Additionally, metal ions media significantly reduce all roughness parameters.
Clinical profiles and predictors of survival in severe dengue cases
Authors: Che Isa Zainura , Lim Jo Anne , Ain Amelia Mohamed , Othman Fatin Aliaa , Kueh Yee Cheng , Tew Mei Mei , Masnan Maz Jamilah , Ibrahim Aznita
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Dengue is endemic in tropical countries. Severe dengue has a high risk of morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify factors associated with dengue survival among our intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted among dengue cases admitted to the ICU of Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim, Kedah, Malaysia from 2016 to 2019.

Results:

Out of 1,852 dengue cases admitted to the hospital, 7.2% of patients required ICU admission. Survival rate was 88.6% among severe dengue cases. The majority of severe dengue patients were obese, while other notable comorbidities included hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Also, 73% of patients presented in the critical phase, at a median of Day 4 of illness. All patients admitted to the ICU had a history of fever. The predominant warning signs were lethargy, fluid accumulation and haemoconcentration with rapid platelet reduction. Among nonsurvivors, 69.2% had fulminant hepatitis, 53.8% had massive bleeding or disseminated intravascular coagulation, 38.5% had haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and 30.8% had myocarditis. The predominant serotypes were DENV-3 and DENV-1. The least number of cases was seen in 2017, when all serotypes were equally presented. Multiple logistic regression showed that Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, peak international normalised ratio, peak partial thromboplastin time and aspartate aminotransferase on admission were independent risk factors for survival. This model had an area under the curve of 0.98, giving an overall 98.2% accuracy.

Conclusions:

Specific warning signs and blood investigations in dengue patients may aid in early decision for ICU admission. Monitoring of SOFA scores plus coagulation and liver enzyme profiles could improve dengue survival rates.
An Intelligent Fashion Object Classification Using CNN
Authors: Swain Debabrata , Pandya Kaxit , Sanghvi Jay , Manchala Yugandhar
Published: November 2023

Every year the count of visually impaired people is increasing drastically around the world. At present time, approximately 2.2 billion people are suffering from visual impairment. One of the major areas where our model will affect public life is the area of house assistance for specially-abled persons. Because of visual improvement, these people face lots of issues. Hence for this group of people, there is a high need for an assistance system in terms of object recognition. For specially-abled people sometimes it becomes really difficult to identify clothing-related items from one another because of high similarity. For better object classification we use a model which includes computer vision and CNN. Computer vision is the area of AI that helps to identify visual objects. Here a CNN-based model is used for better classification of clothing and fashion items. Another model known as Lenet is used which has a stronger architectural structure. Lenet is a multi-layer convolution neural network that is mainly used for image classification tasks. For model building and validation MNIST fashion dataset is used.
β-Blockers in Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Gelape Fernanda Alves , Couto Claudia Alves , Cançado Guilherme Grossi Lopes
Published: November 2023

Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS) is a serious complication of chronic schistosomiasis that can result in portal hypertension and variceal bleeding. β-blockers, a class of medications commonly used to treat hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions, have been investigated for their potential use in preventing variceal bleeding in HSS. Several studies have shown that β-blockers can reduce portal pressure and prevent variceal bleeding effectively in these patients. However, there are limited data on the long-term efficacy and safety of β-blockers in this setting, and further research is needed to determine the optimal use of these medications. This review summarizes the evidence supporting current recommendations of β-blocker use in patients with HSS.
Philosophy of econophysics
Authors: Rickles Dean
Published: November 2023

As its portmanteau naming implies, econophysics applies the concepts and methods of physics to economic systems. Given that economic phenomena are exhibited as emergent features of highly complex systems (e.g. financial markets), it is most often statistical physics that is employed (especially the theory of cooperative phenomena and of phase transitions), though other physics-based structural analogies have been made (for example, with the fibre bundles and connections of gauge theories and with quantum theory). Philosophical investigation of econophysics tends to focus on three key areas, each centring on issues of modelling: (1) realism and methodology; (2) the nature and explanation of economic features; and (3) emergence and complexity. These issues fall within philosophy of science rather than philosophy of economics because the phenomena econophysicists aim to reproduce (and explain) are patterns in data, rather than the underlying social behaviours that generated the data. Thus, though social behaviours generated the data, econophysics treats that data as if its source was just another complex natural phenomenon.

However, and somewhat paradoxically, a claim often made in support of econophysics is that, in being modelled after experimental physics, it offers a more physically realistic (and therefore methodologically superior) treatment of economic phenomena than does orthodox (‘neo-classical’) economics, which is based instead on deriving such phenomena as theorems from a priori (i.e. not derived from experience) principles (e.g. the axiom stating the perfect rationality of economic agents). That is, econophysics tends to be promoted as firmly rooted in economic reality (in the empirically observed facts, such as price changes, from which theories are then constructed) while standard economics is presented as dealing in ideal, unreal models. This often has an explicitly revolutionary flavour. As one popular econophysics textbook puts it, ‘econophysicists deny the very rules of the game on which mainstream academic research in economics is based’ (Challet et al. 2005: 14).
Causal explanation
Authors: Skow Bradford
Published: November 2023

An explanation is an answer to a why-question, and so a causal explanation is an answer to ‘Why X?’ that says something about the causes of X. For example, ‘Because it rained’ as an answer to ‘Why is the ground wet?’ is a causal explanation.

Causal explanation is philosophically important because explanation-in-general is philosophically important, and causal explanation is a basic kind of explanation. So a complete philosophy will include a theory of explanation, and a complete theory of explanation will offer criteria for being a causal explanation.

The simplest theory of causal explanation says that ‘E happened because X’ is a causal explanation if X describes one or more causes of E. Another theory permits explanations that do less to count as causal explanations; it is enough to say something about the causes of E, without identifying any particular cause. The ‘manipulationist’ theory, by contrast, demands more. For any event E, there are factors which, had they been different, E would not have happened, or would have happened differently; this theory requires a causal explanation to both identify some of those factors and convey how E depends on them. No known theory is without problems.

If causal explanation is one basic kind of explanation, what are the others? Two candidates are teleological explanation (e.g. ‘the plant’s leaves turned east in order to face the sun’) and reason-for-action explanation (e.g. ‘that store sells milk; that was Smith’s reason for shopping there’). But it may be that explanations of these kinds are implicitly causal explanations – maybe, for example, every teleological explanation is equivalent to a causal explanation.
Effective field theories
Authors: Fraser James
Published: November 2023

An effective field theory is a quantum field theory that is taken to describe the physical world in a limited range of length scales. While a fabled final theory of physics is supposed to describe the world down to arbitrarily small length scales, effective field theories provide a coarse-grained description of the behaviour of quantum fields and particles above some finite length scale. This way of thinking about quantum field theory models arose in the 1970s along with a framework called the renormalisation group. From this, and related techniques, a new methodology has arisen for constructing models of the behaviour of quantum particles at a particular physical scale.

Effective field theories have been connected to a number of epistemological and metaphysical debates in the philosophy of science. Some have seen the effective field theory concept as hostile to scientific realism, while others have attempted to use it to articulate and defend a form of scientific realism. Some have seen the relationship between effective field theories at different scales as exemplifying a form of emergence in physics, while others have argued that it falls under the purview of standard accounts of intertheoretic reduction. While little consensus has been reached on these questions it is, at least, agreed that the effective field theory ideology represents an important conceptual shift in the way that physicists think about scale which philosophers of science need to take into account.
Scientific imagination
Authors: Salis Fiora
Published: November 2023

The scientific imagination is a cognitive ability that is crucial to a number of scientific practices aimed at producing new knowledge of contingent features of the world. Philosophers of science have generally neglected its roles as limited to the psychological or the social dimensions of scientific practices. This general attitude, however, has changed since the turn of the twenty-first century, when a vast literature on the scientific imagination started to emerge which focused on its uses in scientific thought experiments and scientific models. Three main questions are central to this literature.

The first is a foundational question concerning the nature of the scientific imagination. What is the scientific imagination? For a long time, philosophers of science have assumed a pre-theoretical notion of imagination as visual mental imagery (see Imagery). In 2020 the first taxonomy of the scientific imagination identified two main varieties of imagination: objectual imagination, which includes mental imagery; and propositional imagination, which includes at least supposition, counterfactual imagination, and make-believe.

The second question has to do with the contribution that imagination makes to a characterisation of scientific thought experiments and scientific models as objects that intrinsically involve imagination. Objectual imagination and propositional imagination map onto the two main accounts of the nature of scientific thought experiments and models developed in terms of imagination: the mental modelling account and the make-believe account. On the mental modelling account, scientific thought experiments are mental kinds, which involve sensory-like representations of objects that can be actively manipulated and transformed. On the make-believe account, both scientific thought experiments and scientific models are akin to aesthetic objects, specifically fictions. This account has been developed in different ways within the fiction view of models.

The third question concerns the contribution of imagination to scientific knowledge. What sort of knowledge, if any, does imagination produce in scientific practice? Historically, the role of imagination in science has been limited to the context of discovery, where new ideas and hypotheses are generated. On this picture, imagination has no role to play in the context of justification, which is the proper context of knowledge and epistemic standards. The traditional distinction between discovery and justification has been put under scrutiny since the second half of the twentieth century. In particular, two cognitive theories of discovery have been developed in terms of the mental modelling account and the make-believe account. Whether imagination can provide justification for scientific knowledge, however, is a matter of debate.
O game Slice Fractions como espaço para ensinar frações e a abertura à constituição de conhecimento matemático
Authors: Toneis Cristiano Natal , Paulo Rosa Monteiro
Published: November 2023

Neste trabalho se pretende discutir o game Slice Fractions, identificando as potencialidades abertas para ensinar frações e as significações possibilitadas aos alunos que jogam. Como metodologia articula-se o Digital Game Based Learning (DGBL) e a fenomenologia husserliana. Na vivência trazida à discussão, os participantes apresentaram os significados de frações como parte-todo; número; operações; comparações; ordenação. Entende-se que o jogar situa-se como um elemento de nossa presencialidade, então a significação dos objetos matemáticos, frações, se desdobra como constituição de conhecimentos no ato de jogar Slice Fractions em articulação com a resolução de problemas. Entrelaçados aos elementos do game, vê-se que emerge no processo de jogar a atividade da pessoa que constitui conhecimento matemático e se abre ao diálogo com o outro.
Mapeamento de pesquisas acerca do letramento matemático e letramento financeiro no Brasil (2012-2021)
Authors: Nascimento Everton Romário da Silva , Moraes Francisco Ronald Feitosa
Published: November 2023

Objetivamos mapear as pesquisas sobre Letramento Matemático e Letramento Financeiro no Brasil pelas ideias de Brian Street, em teses, dissertações e artigos publicados no período de 2012 a 2021. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico, com leitura na íntegra de 23 textos selecionados. Optamos por acessar o Portal de Periódicos e o Catálogo de teses e dissertações da Capes, a Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações e os anais das edições XI, XII e XIII do Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática, utilizando palavras-chave relacionadas ao tema de pesquisa. Constatamos uma quantidade maior de trabalhos produzidos no período de 2012 a 2016, tanto nas teses e dissertações quanto nos artigos analisados.
Malik Ibrahim Wali Songo and The First Islamic Authoritative Ruler In The Land Of Java
Authors: Arifia Sariat , Akmal Moh. Aslim , Zaedi Mukhtar , Munawir Munawir , Mizuar Mizuar
Published: November 2023

Malik Ibrahim is one of the important figures who spread Islam in Java, known as the Eldest Wali Songo (Nine Islamic Saint who spread Islam in Java). His Graveyard until today is still visited by many people. Malik Ibrahim, also known as Sunan Gresik, he was the first Islamic authoritative ruler in Java who started developing Gresik into the first Islamic port city in Java in the 15th century. In the 16th century, Pires noted that Gresik became the largest city in Java while Samudra Pasai became the largest in Sumatra. The two largest ports in the archipelago are, of course, interconnected. Apart from both being part of the main Bandar "Spice Route" in the archipelago, archaeologically, Malik Ibrahim's tombstone, which is made of white marble, is of the Cambay type and has full epigraphy has similarities to the tombstone of the same type in Pasai or now in Lhokseumawe, Aceh Darussalam. Primary research in the field was carried out in Pasai and Gresik to uncover and reconstruct the history of Malik Ibrahim archaeologically and link it with contemporary information and stories that developed in society so that it could be seen clearly.
Penguatan Bisnis Melalui Pengembangan Konten Digital di Mekarsari
Authors: Herlina Erida , Setiyoko Nanang , Rokhmania Nur'aini , Diptyana Pepie , Hermansyah Deny
Published: November 2023

UMKM berperan sebagai penggerak tumbuhnya ekonomi Kota Surabaya. Salah satu UMKM yang bertahan selama dan setelah pandemi Covid-19 adalah Toko Mekarsari. Toko Mekarsari adalah UMKM tanaman hias yang berada di Surabaya. Setelah tiga tahun berpindah lokasi ke Sentra Pasar Bunga Tenggilis, pemilik usaha membutuhkan perluasan pemasaran, karena lokasi baru masih belum cukup dikenal. Salah satu cara untuk memperluas pemasaran adalah menerapkan digital marketing. Penerapan digital marketing membutuhkan konten digital, baik berupa foto, video, maupun data persediaan. Program ini dilakukan untuk memberi pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada Toko Mekarsari dalam rangka pengembangan konten digital. Hasil kegiatan adalah berupa kumpulan dokumentasi data dan foto, serta peningkatan keterampilan dokumentasi.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Hasil Pirolisis dari Limbah Plastik Menjadi Bahan Bakar Minyak di Kelurahan Bukuan
Authors: Thahir Ramli , Alwathan  , Halim Abdul , Adhiksana Arief , Jalil Syahrir , Kusrihandayani Dyah , Rahman Abdul , Awalia Andari , Agustina Emy , Wicaksono Imam Cahyo , Muamar
Published: November 2023

Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memperkenalkan Pengabdian Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna (PPTTG) pengolah sampah plastik menjadi bahan bakar alternative dengan metode pirolisis. Produk yang diperoleh dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar alternative penyulingan minyak atsiri sehingga mempunyai nilai ekonomi. Pelatihan ini bekerja sama dengan Posyantek Patra Maju di Kelurahan Bukuan, Kecamatan Palaran Kota Samarinda. Target luaran yang diharapkan antara lain terbentuknya seorang kader baru yang peduli terhadap lingkungan dan mampu mengajak para masyarakat untuk dapat memanfaatkan sampah plastik tersebut, sehingga kesejahteraan keluarga dapat ditingkatkan.

Hasil dari program pengabdian masyarakat yang telah dilakukan ini adalah sebagai berikut: aspek penerapan iptek produk pengolahan sampah plastik dipandang sangat efektif untuk membangun kepedulian masyarakat untuk senantiasa menjaga lingkungan, salah satu usahanya yakni pemanfaatan sampah plastik. Aspek manfaat yang dihasilkan dari program

ini sangat besar yaitu meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk menjaga lingkungan agar bersih bebas sampah plastik, meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat bidang pengolahan limbah sampah plastik yang sangat berdampak negatif menjadi bahan bakar alternative yang sangat bermanfaat serta menumbuhkan motivasi berwirausaha khususnya Posyantek Patra Maju, Kelurahan Bukuan, Kecamatan Palaran.
Edukasi Optimalisasi Aplikasi DANA sebagai E-Wallet Guna Mewujudkan Keuangan Digital pada Karang Taruna Karisma Maju
Authors: Wahidin Ahmad Jurnaidi , Santoso Miftah Faroq , Budiman Yusuf Unggul , Pattiasina Tiska
Published: November 2023

Pola transaksi keuangan masyarakat yang sudah berubah dengan menggunakan sistem pembayaran digital dan mengakses layanan perbankan di telepon seluler. Perkembangan FinTech sangat pesat seiring dengan transformasi digital, transaksi keuangan elektronik menjadi tren yang tidak bisa dihindari, salah satu inovasi yang populer adalah dompet digital. Aplikasi DANA merupakan dompet digital Indonesia yang dirancang untuk melakukan semua transaksi digital tanpa uang tunai dan tanpa kartu, online dan offline, cepat, nyaman, dan aman. Pengelolaan keuangan yang dilakukan oleh pengurus dan anggota Krang Taruna Karisma Maju masih dengan cara konvensional yang menyebabkan kurang efisiennya proses transaksi dan uang tunai juga mudah hilang. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan 5 tahapan melakukan analisa, menentukan metode pelatihan, menyusun materi, melaksanakan pelatihan dan evaluasi. Dari kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 18 orang peserta dengan 12 laki-laki dan 6 perempuan didapat skor rata-rata 4,64 dengan grade (keterangan) Sangat Puas. Angka tersebut menunjukan bahwa peserta sangat puas dengan materi yang diberikan melalui metode yang digunakan pada pelatihan.
Consideraciones sobre los posgrados de medicina en el Ecuador.
Authors: Carriel-Mancilla Jorge
Published: November 2023

De acuerdo con el Registro Estadístico de Recursos y Actividades de Salud de abril 2022, en el país la tasa de médicos es de 23,3 por cada 10.000 habitantes, por arriba de la media recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), contabilizando un total de 40.230 médicos en el Ecuador.1 Sin embargo, de ese total, menos de la mitad corresponde a especialistas.
Neuroeducación física: Efectos del ejercicio aeróbico en la atención alternante, planificación y memoria visuoconstructiva en estudiantes universitarios.
Authors: Flores-Ferro Elizabeth , Maureira-Cid Fernando , Cubillos-Molina Marcelo , Caniullán-Flores Ignacio , Álvarez-Jaña Diego , Pérez-Trujillo Leonardo
Published: November 2023

Introducción: Existen numerosos reportes de los efectos positivos del ejercicio físico sobre diversas variables cognitivas como atención, flexibilidad mental, memoria, control inhibitorio, etc. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los efectos de una sesión de ejercicio aeróbico en la atención alternante, planificación y memoria visuoconstructiva en estudiantes de educación física de una universidad de Santiago de Chile. Metodología: Cuantitativa con un diseño cuasi-experimental. La muestra estuvo constituida por estudiantes de pedagogía en educación física, donde, el grupo control fue de 15 y el grupo experimental de 20 sujetos. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la prueba de símbolos y dígitos de Smith, Torre de Hanoi y Test de figura compleja de Rey. Resultados: Hubo mejoría significativa en el grupo experimental: en atención alternante (p=0,018), en los tiempos de la prueba de planificación (p=0,005), memoria visuoconstructiva (p=0,000). Conclusión y recomendaciones: El ejercicio aeróbico mejora las funciones de atención, memoria y planificación, lo cual podría fomentar la línea de estudio de neuroeducación física, por lo que se sugiere dentro de las proyecciones indagar con diferentes intensidades, rangos etarios edad y otras variables cognitivas.
Insomnio y factores asociados entre los estudiantes de medicina que se recuperaron de la infección aguda por COVID-19.
Authors: Gruezo-Realpe Presley , Benavides-López Alejandro , Cedeño-Morejon Romina , Noritz-Mero Alexander , Viñan-Paucar Linker , Rosero-Basurto Israel , Jaramillo-Castro Monica , Chango-Pinargote Arianna , Jiménez-Zambrano Joyce
Published: November 2023

Introducción: La pandemia ocasionada por el SARS-CoV-2 afectó considerablemente a la salud mental de gran parte de la población, destacando los trastornos del sueño posteriores a la infección por COVID-19, entre ellos el insomnio. Una de las poblaciones mayormente afectadas fueron los estudiantes universitarios pertenecientes al área de la salud, siendo dicho grupo el enfoque de nuestro estudio. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre los factores asociados al insomnio en los estudiantes de Medicina dentro del periodo Long-Covid. Métodos: Los datos se recogieron mediante una encuesta con preguntas sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, hábitos de salud, alteraciones del sueño como el insomnio y antecedentes de COVID-19. La gravedad del insomnio y la calidad subjetiva del sueño se midieron mediante el índice de gravedad del insomnio (ISI) y el índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI). Se evaluaron estadísticas descriptivas, correlaciones de Spearman y Kendall, ANOVA unidireccional y Odds ratio. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 117 estudiantes, con una edad media de 21,8 ± 1,96 años y un 58,1% de mujeres. Se encontró que el 65% de los estudiantes de medicina presentaban algún grado de insomnio, mientras que el 78,6% informaron dificultad para dormir. El coeficiente de correlación de kendall y spearman entre el PSQI y el ISI fue de 0,49 y 0,55 p <0.001 respectivamente. Se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre la salud física autodeclarada, la salud emocional, entre otras. Discusión: Se destaca la prevalencia de insomnio subclínico (39,3%) y dificultad moderada para dormir (47%). Además, se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre las escalas de insomnio y calidad de sueño, así como una correlación inversa con la salud emocional. Entre las limitaciones está el uso de variables ordinales y nominales, al igual que la cantidad de participantes en el estudio. Se recomienda replicar el estudio en una muestra más grande y utilizar un diseño longitudinal para evaluar la evolución del insomnio y la dificultad para dormir con el tiempo.
Análisis Clínico y Evolutivo de Pacientes Con Estado Epiléptico Refractario Acorde el Esquema de Tratamiento de Tercera Línea Utilizado.
Authors: Rivero-Rodríguez Dannys , Pernas-Sanchez Yanelis , Jibaja-Vega Manuel , DiCapua-Sacoto Daniela , Maldonado Nelson , Héctor-Martinez Moisés , Scherle-Matamoros Claudio
Published: November 2023

Introducción: La evidencia disponible en el tratamiento del estatus epiléptico refractario (EER) es limitada. Objetivo: Evaluar los factores clínicos y evolutivos en pacientes con EER acorde el tratamiento de tercera línea utilizado (midazolam-MDL y/o propofol-PRO). Métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva que incluyó 34 pacientes con EER atendidos durante noviembre de 2015 a junio de 2018.Variables de interés: Edad, severidad y etiología del EER, nivel de conciencia pretratamiento, fármacos anestésicos (MDL-PRO), evolución acorde escala de Rankin al alta hospitalaria y a los 3 meses. Resultados: La media de edad de los pacientes fue de 51,21±22,3 años y el 32,4% (11) tenían antecedentes de epilepsia. El 35,3%(12) de los enfermos presentó EE súper-refractario (EESR). La mortalidad hospitalaria alcanzó el 50% de los pacientes y a los 3 meses se extendió hasta el 55,9%. Los pacientes que utilizaron MDL tuvieron una frecuencia superior de uso de vasopresores (71,4% vs 50,0%) y los que necesitaron esquema combinado de MDL-PRO, incluyeron al mayor grupo de EESR (p≤0,01), con una frecuencia superior de traqueostomía (p=0,03), uso de vasopresores (p=0,01) y mayor necesidad de disminución de la dosis de fármacos anestésicos (p=0,05). El análisis mediante la curva de Kaplan Meier no demostró diferencias de supervivencia significativas a los 3 meses entre los diferentes estratos. MDL vs PRO (Log Rank=0, 17), MDL vs MDL-PRO (Log Rank=0, 49) y PRO vs MDL-PRO (Log Rank=0, 48). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con EER mostraron una elevada mortalidad, sin evidenciarse un incremento de la misma acorde los diferentes fármacos y esquemas de tratamiento anestésico utilizados.
Causas de Traumatismo Intracraneal en Pacientes Atendidos en el Servicio de Emergencias del Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de Guayaquil.
Authors: Vivanco Ricardo A. , Bucheli-Salazar Luis Alfredo , Vásquez Diego , Santibañez-Vásquez Rocío
Published: November 2023

Introducción: El traumatismo intracraneal (TIC) es definido como una alteración en la función cerebral causada por una fuerza externa. Las causas más comunes de TIC son caídas y accidentes de tránsito, siendo esta última la más común en países de bajos recursos. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en pacientes con diagnóstico de traumatismo intracraneal del departamento de emergencias del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de enero del 2017 a diciembre del 2020 con el objetivo de analizar sus causas, características clínicas y radiológicas. Resultados: Se analizaron 324 pacientes dentro del estudio, evidenciando que la causa más común del TIC fue el accidente de tránsito seguido de las caídas. El TIC es más común en hombres con una edad media de 40 años. Usando las pruebas de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y Kruskal-Wallis, se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la causa con la edad y la duración de la estancia hospitalaria (p<0.001). Sin embargo, no hubo asociaciones significativas entre la causa específica del TCE con variables clínicas del paciente o mortalidad (p>0.05). Conclusión: La causa más prevalente de trauma intracraneal fue el accidente de tránsito. Existe una asociación entre la causa del TCE y duración de estancia hospitalaria.
Complicaciones neurológicas post-vacuna COVID.
Authors: Martínez-Maruri Emilio , Azcárraga-Hurtado Germán Mauricio
Published: November 2023

Las complicaciones neurológicas post-vacuna SARS-CoV-2 son infrecuentes. No obstante, debido a la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2, se ha realizado una vacunación masiva mundial, por lo que hemos visto un mayor reporte de efectos adversos neurológicas post vacunales. Presentamos 4 casos, que tras recibir la vacuna SARS-CoV-2 presentaron 4 patologías neurológicas distintas en el Hospital Comarcal de Vinaroz durante el año 2021. Se observa una relación entre la vacunación y el inicio de los síntomas neurológicos. Tres pacientes presentaron manifestaciones clínicas en relación con la vacuna BNT162b2. La primera paciente tras la administración de la primera dosis de la vacuna BNT162b2 presento diplopía y ptosis palpebral, cuadro compatible con Miastenia gravis ocular. El segundo paciente tuvo un cuadro de polineuropatía motora axonal sensitiva aguda tras la tercera dosis. La tercera paciente, que tras la tercera dosis de BNT162b2 presentó encefalopatía letárgica. La cuarta paciente presenta un cuadro compatible meningitis aséptica después de la vacunación AZD1222 y mRNA-1273 Debido a la campaña de vacunación masiva a nivel mundial están surgiendo informes de complicaciones neurológicas relacionadas accidentalmente o vinculadas causalmente. Estas son muy variadas, podrían estar en relación con mecanismos inmunológicos y/o tóxicos. Los médicos debemos estar atentos a estos posibles efectos adversos y descartar otras causas. Se deben realizar estudios que nos permitan poder esclarecer los mecanismos patológicos en relación con las complicaciones post vacunales.
Neutrosophic Seperation Axioms
Authors: AÇIKGÖZ Ahu , ESENBEL Ferhat
Published: November 2023

This study is dedicated to make an attempt to define different types of separation

axioms in neutrosophic topological spaces. The relationships among them are shown with a diagram and counterexamples. We also introduce some new terms such as introduced neutrosophic

topology, neutrosophic regular space, neutrosophic normal space, neutrosophic subspace.
Análise situacional e proposição de ações em saneamento no território rural de Cachoeira de Almas - Florestal - Minas Gerais
Authors:   , Silva Laiane Ferreira da
Published: November 2023

A efetividade da prestação dos serviços sanitários não contempla a totalidade do território brasileiro, sobretudo as áreas rurais. Diante disso, o presente trabalho visa compreender como é o acesso desses serviços para a população da comunidade rural urbanizada de Cachoeira de Almas, localizada no município de Florestal - Minas Gerais. Para alcançar o objetivo, o estudo foi divido entre capítulos, sendo que no primeiro foi elaborado uma revisão de literatura baseada na recomendação de Principais Itens para Relatar Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-análises (PRISMA), para identificar as produções científicas que abordam sobre a implementação e efetividade das políticas públicas e programas de saneamento rural. Posto isto, a análise considerou os artigos elaborados em língua portuguesa e inglesa, que foram publicados a partir do ano de 2007, período em que houve a promulgação da Política Federal de Saneamento Básico no Brasil (Lei 11.445/2007) até o ano de 2022, bem como a quantidade de citações, a classificação Qualis CAPES e o fator de impacto dos periódicos. Com base nisso, foram selecionados oito artigos, os quais evidenciaram as potencialidades e limitações das políticas e programas implementados, assim como os desafios em garantir a universalidade do saneamento, sobretudo em países em desenvolvimento. Posterior a isso, foi realizada a análise situacional das condições do acesso aos serviços de saneamento básico pela população rural do distrito sede de Cachoeira de Almas de Florestal-Minas Gerais. Para isso, foi utilizado um método quali-quantitativo, baseado em um survey, composto por questões abertas e fechadas, factuais e opinativas. Os resultados indicam que 77% das residências participaram da análise. A partir disso, constatou-se que os serviços de saneamento são prestados de forma inadequada na comunidade, destacando a necessidade de providenciar melhorias e adequações na maneira como são ofertados para população. Desse modo, visando a sustentabilidade econômica da prestação dos serviços, a grande maioria das famílias são favoráveis ao pagamento pelo abastecimento de água (76%) e esgotamento sanitário (86%), com exceção ao manejo de resíduos (46%). Em face disso, foi elaborado um prognóstico preliminar para propor soluções em saneamento para a localidade, com as recomendações baseadas por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Para tanto, foram indicadas tecnologias coletivas e individuais para todos os componentes do saneamento básico, com intuito de alcançar a efetividade dos serviços, a sustentabilidade ambiental e a praticidade de manutenção, tendo em conta os custos relacionados com as medidas estruturais (R$ 184.167,07 – 273.785,90) e estruturantes (R$ 89.602,85 – 130.681,73). Palavras-chave: Revisão Sistemática. Diagnóstico Sanitário. Prognóstico de Soluções. Comunidade Rural.
Acolhimento e rede de apoio do cuidador familiar da criança e/ou do adolescente no serviço de saúde mental
Authors: Gentil de Oliveira Marina , Specht Ana Lucia , Irmgard Bartschi Gabatz Ruth , Damé Hense Tuize , Da Costa Bório Taniely , Marten Milbrath Viviane
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos cuidadores familiares de crianças e adolescentes atendidos pelo Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil sobre seu acolhimento e sua rede de apoio. Métodos: Pesquisa descri­tiva com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil da região Sul do Brasil. Os participantes da pesquisa foram dez cuidadores familiares de crianças e adolescentes que reali­zam acompanhamento no referido centro. As informações foram coletadas no mês de abril de 2018, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Resultados: Elaboraram-se três categorias principais: atenção fornecida pe­los profissionais do serviço aos cuidadores; rede de apoio dos cuidadores familiares; dificuldades enfrentadas no cuidado da criança e do adolescente com transtorno mental. Identificou-se que os familiares se sentem bem acolhidos e que a participação em grupos de apoio favorece o cuidado integral. Complementarmente, as principais dificuldades que enfrentam no cuidado relacionam-se à ingestão de medicamentos pelas crianças e pelos adolescentes e a sua ida à escola. Conclusão: Identifica-se a necessidade de ampliação da atenção aos cuidadores familiares no serviço de saúde mental, a fim de que os profissionais possam auxiliar no plane­jamento de estratégias que minimizem a sobrecarga, com a identificação das redes de apoio, bem como na elaboração de ações de cuidado conjunto.
Os desafios das atividades educativas desenvolvidas no cenário hospitalar
Authors: Sarti Sessa Karolyne , Dalbello-Araujo Maristela
Published: November 2023

Introdução: O sistema de saúde do Brasil é considerado uma vitória do Movimento da Reforma Sanitária e, desde sua regulamentação, são feitas ações no sentido do aprimoramento dos profissionais para o novo sistema. Coerente com os princípios e diretrizes, a chamada Educação Permanente visa consolidar a ideia de redes de atenção, articulando os serviços em todos os níveis. Assim, em 2004 foi lançada a Política Nacional de Educação Permanente (PNEP), com grande capilaridade, especialmente nos serviços de atenção básica. A fim de verificar tal imperativo, realizou-se pesquisa qualitativa que objetivou analisar a Educação em Serviço desenvolvida em três hospitais de uma região metropolitana. Métodos: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa com intuito de conhecer a experiência social do sujeito, ou seja, as vivências dos profissionais de saúde responsá­veis pela execução das atividades de educação em ambiente hospitalar. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas coletivas, e por meio da análise de seu conteúdo extraíram-se os resultados desta pesquisa. Resul­tados: Obteve-se como resultado a descrição das atividades realizadas, a identificação das metodologias de ensino utilizadas e verificaram-se as dificuldades encontradas na implantação e na execução dos programas de educação desses estabelecimentos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as atividades educativas são imprescindíveis para o aprimoramento das atividades nas instituições hospitalares e ressalta-se que elas ocorrem baseadas na Educação Continuada, que busca oferecer treinamentos para um melhor desempenho das atividades, diante das inovações tecnológicas, diferentemente do que propõe a Educação permanente, que objetiva a produção de protagonismo por parte dos trabalhadores.
Linfomas discordantes em paciente imunocompetente: um relato de caso
Authors: Martins de Sá Oliveira Luanna , Barille Giovanna , Emanuella da Silva Costa Larissa , Belisario Filho Volmar
Published: November 2023

Introdução: Linfomas Discordantes são incomuns e definidos a partir da histologia diferente entre o estudo da medula óssea e o de outro sítio acometido, como linfonodo. Devido à raridade dessa doença, existem poucos casos relatados na literatura, além de não apresentar critérios bem definidos para o diagnóstico. Relato de caso: Neste relato, descrevemos o caso de um homem de 59 anos, imunocompetente, que apresentou Linfo­mas Discordantes, sendo instituída quimioterapia, porém, evoluiu desfavoravelmente, com choque séptico e óbito durante o tratamento.
.
Public Expenditure, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Tunisia During the Period of COVID-19: Comparative Study Between Cartographic Spatial Distribution Analysis and Empirical Validation
Authors: MTIRAOUI Abderraouf , OBEID Hassan
Published: November 2023

The objective of this article is to study the relationship between public expenditure, energy consumption and economic growth during the period of COVID-19 while highlighting a comparative study between the cartographic spatial distribution analysis and empirical validation.  In this framework, we tried to present in a spatial distribution mapping for the case of Tunisia while showing the allocation and distribution of public expenditure between several necessary headings such as basic social items and energy consumption during the period from 1990 to 2018.
BASIC OVERVIEW OF THE CHALLENGES IN TEACHING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AMONG TERTIARY LEVEL ENGLISH TEACHERS IN CHINA
Authors: Xuyiping Xuyiping , Ahmad Norkhairi , Anisah Abu Hasan Salmah
Published: November 2023

This paper provides an overview and discussion on the current situation of intercultural communication training and challenges for tertiary English in China. A qualitative meta-analysis was conducted on research articles written both in Chinese language and English during the last two decades (from 2002) to explore reported challenges faced by teachers. Mitigating strategies undertaken were also scrutinized via documents analysis of the assorted papers. The findings showed that instructional efforts to develop intercultural communication competence in tertiary students was previously quite stagnant in its approaches, riddled with various micro and macro level challenges and quite unsuccessful in yielding the desired results. Only within the last decade with the advent of ICT and multimedia technology that concerted efforts could be integrated into producing considerable results. This study puts forth relevant improvement strategies derived from various aspects analyzed. They came in the form of inevitable measures like upgrading the teaching system, improving the quality of teachers, changing the teaching strategies, developing resource hub, developing professional teams and groupings, and optimizing intercultural communication evaluation mechanism. The findings from this study has high transferability and  insights for institutions in countries with similar contexts. It also provides beneficial theoretical reference for the training of intercultural communication competence in a foreign language learning context.
Timor Leste and Austrslia Historic Agreement on Maritme Borders in Timor Sea
Authors: Citra Putri
Published: November 2023

Maritime borders are an important issue for every country to protect including each territorial waters wealth. The issue of Timor Leste and Australia has become a big issue in the history of the International Court of Justice regarding the agreement of maritime boundaries in the Timor Sea. In this study, the author uses normative juridical research to discuss the Timor Sea agreement as the result between Timor Leste and Australia’s boundary about maritime borders and how Timor Leste gets 90% and Australia gets 10% of the total exploitation of oil and gas. This study also uses library research to complete the data. Both countries Timor Leste and Australia areas are beyond the authority of the authors. This analysis from the authors provides qualitative for future analysis or research.
THE SAUDI ARABIA AND QATAR RELATIONS ON CONFLICT IN THE MIDDLE EAST REGION
Authors: Gibran Ryan maulana gibran
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT;

Purpose: In this study, it will be studied how big the influence and role of Saudi Arabia and Qatar in the conflicts that occur in the Middle East region.

Methodology/approach: In this study, the author uses the library research method by analyzing some of the data that the author takes from books, journals, and other reliable sources.

Results/findings: The results of this study are the discovery of threats to political economy stability and Saudi Arabia's national interest over the alliance made by Qatar with Iran. In the conflict that occurred, Qatar strengthened its country's relations with Iran, especially in the realm of production of natural resources, oil and gas, LNG. The LNG cooperation was so successful that it was considered a threat to the stability of Saudi Arabia's oil trade.

Limitations: The limitation in this research is because the research method carried out by the researcher uses the library research method. The author realizes that there are several aspects that the author may not be able to analyze. This happens because of the limitations of the authors in obtaining the data sources needed to analyze the topics in this study, namely the influence and role of Saudi Arabia and Qatar in the conflicts in the Middle East.

Contribution: Hopefully, this research will become a reference for knowledge about the role and influence of Saudi Arabia and Qatar in the conflicts that occur in the Middle East region. In addition, the authors hope that this research can be used as a reference material for further research to be able to examine aspects that have not been discussed in this study.