bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Optic Nerve Avulsion Due to A Gun Shot Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Ilmah Ilmah , Budi Puranto , Ariawan P
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To present a rare case of optic nerve avulsion due to gun shot injury. Case Report: A 30-year-old man presented with sudden visual loss on the Right Eye (RE) after a gun shot on his left frontal bone. On examination of the RE, he had periorbital hematoma and edema, and also conjunctival chemosis. There was no light perception of the RE, and his pupil was dilated and nonreactive to light. There’s also an eye movement resistance. On the examination of the Left Eye, he had periorbital hematoma and edema, visual acuity was 1.0 and other examinations was within normal limit. B-scan USG of the RE showed a hyperechoic image on the retinal projection in front of the optic nerve. CT-scan showed multiple metal density fractions in the subcortical cortical left frontal lobe and right retrobulbar. On funduscopic examination, there was bleeding in the inferior vitreous originating from the optic nerve papilae. The patient underwent craniotomy, debridement, and corpus alienum extraction by neurosurgeon and plastic surgeon. The patient was treated with high dose steroid (methyl prednisolone 4 x 250 mg iv). After a week of therapy, there was no improvement of his RE visual acuity. Conclusion: Optic nerve avulsion is a rare case with devastating results because there’s still no definite therapy to improve the outcome.
Tatalaksana Glaukoma Primer Dan Sekunder Pada Anak : Serial Kasus
Authors: Laksana Endi Pramudya , Oktarima Primawita
Published: June 2023

Pendahuluan: Glaukoma dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kebutaan permanen, dikarenakan terjadinya peningkatan tekanan intraokular (TIO) dan kerusakan saraf optik. Terapi medikamentosa pada kasus glaukoma anak, memiliki respon yang kurang baik dan sering membutuhkan tatalaksana pembedahan seperti trabekulektomi, implantasi tube shunt dan siklodestruksi. Tujuan: Untuk menjelaskan karakteristik klinis dan tatalaksana pada 3 pasien anak dengan glaukoma. Laporan Kasus: Kasus 1, anak perempuan usia 4 tahun dengan glaukoma sekunder pada kedua mata akibat mikrosferofakia, dilakukan implantasi tube shunt pada kedua mata dengan hasil post operative day (POD) 1 tekanan bola mata kiri tetap tinggi. Kasus 2, anak perempuan usia 10 tahun dengan juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG) kedua mata, dilakukan trabekulektomi dengan antimetabolit untuk mata kiri dengan POD 1 TIO mata kiri normal. Kasus 3, bayi perempuan usia 2 bulan dengan glaukoma sekunder mata kanan akibat disgenesis pada segmen anterior, dilakukan tatalaksana siklodestruksi pada mata kanan dengan TIO POD 1 tetap tinggi. Kesimpulan: Trabekulektomi, implantasi tube shunt dan siklodestruksi merupakan pilihan tatalaksana untuk pasien glaukoma pada anak dengan TIO yang tidak terkontrol secara medikamentosa. Pertimbangan dalam pemilihan tatalaksana pembedahan terdapat beberapa faktor seperti sumber daya medis di rumah sakit, pengalaman operator dan kondisi dari pasien itu sendiri. Pada laporan kasus ini belum dapat dinilai follow up jangka panjangnya sehingga keberhasilan terapi pada laporan kasus ini belum dapat dinilai.
Analisis Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Kejadian Katarak
Authors: Fildzah Nabilah , Sidharta Bragastio , Handaja Djaka , Indradi Rubayat
Published: June 2023

Pendahuluan: Katarak adalah setiap keadaan kekeruhan pada lensa yang dapat terjadi akibat hidrasi lensa dan denaturasi protein lensa. Lensa mata sangat rentan terhadap kerusakan oksidatif akibat kumulatif radikal bebas yang mengarah pada perkembangan kekeruhan lensa. Cara mengurangi tingkat stres oksidatif adalah salah satunya dengan melakukan aktivitas fisik yang dapat meningkatkan aktivitas enzim antioksidan. Analisis ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian katarak. Metode: Systematic review yang diperoleh dari 52 sumber referensi melalui mesin pencari manual pada database Pro Quest, Science Direct, Pubmed, Research Gate, dan Google Scholar dari tahun 2016-2021. Dengan 40 jurnal sebagai kriteria inklusi yang memuat topik hubungan aktivitas fisik terhadap katarak. Hasil: Aktivitas fisik ringan/rendah dan aktivitas luar ruangan (pekerjaan) yang terpapar radiasi dan sinar Ultraviolet (UV) dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya katarak. Hal ini berkaitan dengan mekanisme kerusakan oksidatif di lensa mata yang menyebabkan kekeruhan lensa. Sedangkan, aktivitas fisik teratur dapat meningkatkan antioksidan endogen yang dapat melindungi lensa dari kerusakan oksidatif. Simpulan: Aktivitas fisik sedang dan berat yang dilakukan teratur dapat menurunkan risiko terjadinya katarak. Namun terdapat hubungan dua arah yang berarti rendahnya aktivitas fisik meningkatkan risiko katarak dan tingginya kejadian katarak menurunkan tingkat aktivitas fisik.
Karakteristik Pasien Corneal Cross-Linking Di Pusat Mata Nasional Rumah Sakit Mata Cicendo
Authors: Ramdhani Rizki Fasa , Satari Karmelita
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is a minimally invasive procedure aiming to haltering corneal ectasia progressivity. Corneal cross-linking are part of a management of keratoconus, infectious keratitis, and bullous keratopathy cases. Purpose: To describe characteristics of patients that underwent corneal cross-linking procedure in National Eye Center - Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung. Method: This is a retrospective descriptive study. The data were collected from medical records within the period of October 2019 – August 2020 in Cicendo Eye Hospital. Subjects of the study were patients who underwent corneal cross-linking procedure, divided in three main group CXL keratoconus, PACKCXL, and CXL bullous keratopathy. Results: Forty-six corneal cross-linking procedure was done during the period of this study. Corneal cross-linking was done on 16 eyes of 13 patients with keratoconus, 28 patients with infectious keratitis and on one patient with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK). The mean age of keratoconus patients was 21.77 ± 4.66, the majority of the patients was mild keratoconus 9 patients (56.25%), 7 patients (43.75%) visual acuity with correction ? 6/18. In infectious keratitis the mean age of the patients was 48.07 ± 17.40, the main risk factor was trauma in 19 patients (67.85%), the most common pathogen was fungus in 15 patients (53.57%) and had blindness visual acuity in 26 patients (92.86%). Patients with PBK experienced a reduction in symptoms. Conclusion: The keratoconus patients are young adults with mild keratoconus requiring correction for visual acuity and the infectious keratitis patients with majority of the pathogens are fungus with blindness visual acuity.
Visual Disturbances as an Early Important Sign of Brain Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Hoesin Fransiska Ria , Adikusuma Wirawan
Published: June 2023

Purpose: to raise attention for careful evaluation of ocular signs and symptoms, especially mild visual disturbances, for early detection of brain tumors. Case Presentation: A 45-year-old woman presented with a one-month history of gradual vision loss in both eyes. There was also a history of headache for over a year before the vision loss symptom appeared. There was no history of trauma, ocular pain, eye redness, or lacrimation. The visual acuity (VA) of both the right and left eyes with the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 6/30. Confrontation visual field test of both eyes revealed unremarkable results upon examination. The intraocular pressures (IOP) of both eyes were 11 mm Hg. Anterior segment examination of both eyes was within normal limit except for the direct light reflexes were decreased. Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) of both eyes was difficult to assess. Fundoscopy examination of both eyes revealed papilledema. The retinal fields and macula were normal bilaterally. Computerized tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a hyperdense and calcified lesion in the right frontal lobe. The dimensions of the lesion were measured as 69.9 x 52.1 mm. After contrast, the CT scan showed a strongly enhanced lesion with thickening of the right frontal bone. Both of the anterior horns of the lateral ventricle were pressed by the lesion. There was a midline shift to the left by approximately 14 mm. Both of the eyes were within normal limits. Conclusion: Blurred vision and other visual disturbances are common early symptoms in brain tumors, but diagnosis is not made till very late due to late presentation. Early detection of a brain tumor through ocular signs and symptoms and complete neuro-ophthalmic evaluation can help in early diagnosis and appropriate management of brain tumors.
Corneal Ulcer, What Should We Do as a General Practitioner?
Authors: Raden George , Leberina Carmila
Published: June 2023

Introduction : Corneal ulcer with hypopyon is a serious corneal infection and a common potential cause of vision loss. It is profoundly predominant and also the common cause of visual impairment and preventable ocular morbidity around the world. Management of corneal ulcers with hypopyon requires a referral and multimodal treatment including pharmacological intervention. Case Report : A case of a 56-year-old male patient who presented with a chief complaint of blurry vision, red, and pain in the right eye since 3 weeks prior. There was a history of the right eye scratched by coconut husk. He complains of a whitish plaque 2 weeks earlier. Previous medical treatment history was denied. Visual acuity of the right eye was 1/300 and the left eye was 20/20. Eye examination revealed a corneal ulcer with a 2mm hypopyon, conjunctival and ciliary injection. This patient was diagnosed with a corneal ulcer with hypopyon. Treatment begins with oral antifungal, eyedrop, and oral antibiotics. The patient was planned to be referred to the ophthalmologist, but the patient refused. Conclusion: Corneal ulcer with a hypopyon could lead to sight-threatening complications such as perforation and endophthalmitis. General practitioners should be aware to early diagnose and give initial treatment to the patient. Appropriate referral and education given to the patients are necessary to avoid complications or prevent severe cases.
LAPORAN KASUS: SELULITIS PRESEPTAL DENGAN ABSES FRONTAL
Authors: Syuhada Arya Putra , Permata Monica Adyah , Putri Poppy Suyanto
Published: June 2023

The objective of study is to report a case and management of preseptal cellulitis caused by dental infection. A case report, a 45 years old man presented at outpatient clinic with painful and swollen eyelids on the both eyes in 3 days, fever, and headache. The bumps in both eyes burst by themselves 1 day before hospital admission. The complaint begins with a toothache, then swelling in the cheek, then the swelling spreads to the eyes and head. Computed Tomograph (CT) scan examination revealed Soft tissue swelling in the right frontotemporoparietal region, left frontotemporoparietooccipital to periorbital bilateral and right maxilla with massive air density & air fluid level on the left frontotemproparietooccipital according to the picture of Abscess. The patient consulted to neurosurgeon doctor and perform an abscess drainage incision. Adequate treatment and multidisciplinary management are needed to prevent more severe complications.
Managing A Patient With Traumatic Glaucoma: A Case Study
Authors: Astari Dewanti Widya
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Glaucoma condition caused by blunt trauma is a rare case. We report a case study in a patient with secondary glaucoma at a tertiary referral hospital.
Case Presentation: A 47-year-old man with chief complaint of pain in the left eye accompanied by headache, with a pain scale of 7/10. The client had a history of being hit while playing badminton. Vital signs are in stable condition. The visual acuity of the right eye was 0.05 and the visual acuity of the left eye was 1/300. Intraocular pressure of the left eye was 46 mmHg. Anterior segment showed conjunctival hyperemia, corneal edema and decrease of pupillary reflex of the left eye. The client complains that he is worried about his condition.
Outcome: Nursing care provided to patients with glaucoma focuses on pain and anxiety. The nursing interventions provided are pain management and anxiety reduction.
Conclusion: Appropriate nursing care can overcome the worsening of the condition of damage to the internal organs of the eye that can lead to blindness. The family support system is an important part in dealing with the condition of the disease.
Review Literatur: Manifestasi Neuro-Oftalmologis Pada Covid-19
Authors: Destianti Nadia Ayu , Kartika Antonia , Sari Rusti Hanindya , Ginting Dianita Veulina , Yollamanda Prettyla
Published: June 2023

Pandemi yang disebabkan oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mempengaruhi sistem kesehatan dengan lingkup yang sangat luas. Infeksi bervariasi dari asimptomatis hingga mengancam jiwa. Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) juga ditemukan memiliki banyak manifestasi diluar sistem pernafasan dan pencernaan, diantaranya manifestasi neuro-oftalmologis termasuk parese syaraf kranial, sindrom Miller Fisher dan Guillain-Barre, dan Neuritis Optik. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui mesin pencari google scholar dan sciencedirect.com menggunakan kata kunci manifestasi neuro-oftalmologis dari COVID-19. Kemudian sebanyak 8 literatur yang memenuhi kriteria dilakukan review. Banyak spekulasi mengenai patofisiologi penyakit neuro-oftalmologis yang diinduksi COVID-19. Kemungkinan utama termasuk neurotropisme virus langsung, atau efek tidak langsung imunologis dan neurovaskular. Dengan banyaknya laporan tentang presentasi neuro-oftalmologis pada pasien dengan infeksi COVID-19, kemungkinan hubungan antara SARS-COV-2 dan penyakit neuro-oftalmologis harus dipertimbangkan ketika melakukan pemeriksaan terkait gangguan neuro-oftalmologis yang disertai dengan tanda-tanda infeksi COVID-19.
UN Peacekeeping Operations in a Multipolar Era
Authors: Karlsrud John
Published: June 2023

How is multipolarity impacting on UN peacekeeping operations? This article sets out to answer this question by examining the ongoing decline in UN peacekeeping operations and the concurrent rise of regional and ad hoc coalitions in an era of increasing geopolitical competition. The article argues that coalitions have significantly less focus on human rights, international humanitarian law, and the protection of civilians. They thus represent a shift away from the liberal values that have marked UN peacekeeping operations, and are coherent with current geopolitical shifts where China is chipping away at human rights at the UN and African states are increasingly voicing a need for more robust operations. The article concludes that the likely outcome of these trends is a continued decline of UN multidimensional peacekeeping, but that coalitions may receive logistical and administrative support from the UN peace operations machinery.
Crucial Technologies for the Protection of Civilians by UN Peace Operations
Authors: Dorn A. Walter
Published: June 2023

To protect people under attack, what kinds of tools do peacekeepers need? The United Nations is gradually gaining valuable experience with sophisticated technologies for protection of civilians (POC). However, most remain underused and underevaluated, especially attack helicopters, night vision devices, and nonlethal weapons. This article presents case studies of these three crucial tools to examine their utility and to identify their shortcomings. Attack helicopters are demonstrated as a powerful through ironic symbol and an important means of robust peacekeeping in Central African Republic. Night vision devices proved essential for POC in protecting Haitians from gangs in 2007. Nonlethal weapons, like those developed on the spur of the moment in the Democratic Republic of Congo, helped the UN deal with civilian threats without recourse to lethal force. All these proven technologies have helped peace operations save lives and thus need detailed study to gain lessons. Some novel but untested technologies are also introduced, including laser signaling and digital simulation.
Robert Price Higgins―Aspects of his life and his contributions to meiobenthic research (1932–2022)
Authors: NEUHAUS BIRGER , PARDOS FERNANDO , STORCH VOLKER , KRISTENSEN REINHARDT M.
Published: June 2023

The scientific life of Robert P. Higgins was devoted to meiofauna, microscopically small animals living in aquatic sediments from the intertidal to hadal depths worldwide. He focused on the taxonomy, life-history, and ecology of the marine taxa Kinorhyncha, Tardigrada, and Priapulida and co-discovered the phylum Loricifera. He improved the methods for studying meiofauna and contributed significantly to spreading knowledge about these animals. Aspects of his life are described and lists of his publications, taxa described, contributions to science, and honours received are provided.
Rhinonyssus nenecoi sp. nov. (Mesostigmata: Rhinonyssidae); a new nasal mite from Daption capense (Procellariiformes: Procellariidae)
Authors: GASTAL SILVIA BAINY , MASCARENHAS CAROLINA SILVEIRA , BUGONI LEANDRO
Published: June 2023

Parasitic nasal mites have been surveyed in a range of vertebrate hosts, but only two species of Rhinonyssidae have been described from procellariiform seabirds. We here describe Rhinonyssus nenecoi sp. nov., from Cape petrels, Daption capense (Procellariidae), collected in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil. The new species is morphologically most similar to R. procellaricus and R. pluvialis differing mainly by a strongly sclerotised podosomal shield with four pairs of setae, covering more than half of the idiosoma; a podosomal shield with a V-shaped posteromedial projection; an irregularly-shaped sternal shield; and a ventral opisthosoma with 3–4 pairs of setae.
CONUS404: The NCAR–USGS 4-km Long-Term Regional Hydroclimate Reanalysis over the CONUS
Authors: Rasmussen R. M. , Chen F. , Liu C.H. , Ikeda K. , Prein A. , Kim J. , Schneider T. , Dai A. , Gochis D. , Dugger A. , Zhang Y. , Jaye A. , Dudhia J. , He C. , Harrold M. , Xue L. , Chen S. , Newman A. , Dougherty E. , Abolafia-Rosenzweig R. , Lybarger N. D. , Viger R. , Lesmes D. , Skalak K. , Brakebill J. , Cline D. , Dunne K. , Rasmussen K. , Miguez-Macho G.
Published: June 2023

A unique, high-resolution, hydroclimate reanalysis, 40-plus-year (October 1979–September 2021), 4 km (named as CONUS404), has been created using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model by dynamically downscaling of the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate dataset (ERA5) over the conterminous United States. The paper describes the approach for generating the dataset, provides an initial evaluation, including biases, and indicates how interested users can access the data. The motivation for creating this National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)–U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborative dataset is to provide research and end-user communities with a high-resolution, self-consistent, long-term, continental-scale hydroclimate dataset appropriate for forcing hydrological models and conducting hydroclimate scientific analyses over the conterminous United States. The data are archived and accessible on the USGS Black Pearl tape system and on the NCAR supercomputer Campaign storage system.
COVID-19-induced Esophageal Necrosis Requiring Emergent Total Esophagectomy in a Vaccinated Patient
Authors: Patil Tanmay , Dickson Kevin M. , Viera Matthew , Bludevich Bryce M. , Akalin Ali , Uy Karl , Lou Feiran , Maxfield Mark W.
Published: June 2023

Acute esophageal necrosis may be a potential complication of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 has been associated with a variety of sequelae, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, myocarditis, and thromboembolic events. Here, we present a case of a 43-year-old male who was admitted for acute necrotizing pancreatitis and found to have COVID-19 pneumonia. He subsequently developed acute esophageal necrosis requiring a total esophagectomy. Currently, there are at least five other reported cases of esophageal necrosis with concomitant COVID-19 infection. This case is the first requiring esophagectomy. Future studies may establish esophageal necrosis as a known complication of COVID-19.
Adsorption and dyeing properties of acid dye on bio-based polyamide 11 fibers
Authors: He Kaijun , Chang Shuo , Cai Yutao , Wang Tao , Shen Jiajia
Published: June 2023

The dyeing mechanism of bio-based polyamide 11 fibers with acid dyes was explored in order to provide a theoretical foundation for the dyeing properties of polyamide 11 fibers. The surface morphology and diameters of polyamide 11 fibers and polyamide 6 fibers were compared. Both polyamide 11 fibers and polyamide 6 fibers were dyed with acid dye Isolan blue NHF-S, and the effects of the initial dye concentration, pH values, dyeing temperature and time on the dyeing properties were investigated. The effects of the dyeing kinetics and thermodynamic model of Isolan blue NHF-S on polyamide 11 fibers were analyzed, and the corresponding parameters were calculated. It was found that the dyeing properties of polyamide 11 fibers were not comparable to those of polyamide 6 fibers, while the washing and rubbing fastness were more or less the same. The dyeing mechanism of Isolan blue NHF-S on polyamide 11 was a combination of localized and non-localized adsorption, which conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Redlich–Peterson thermodynamic model. Increasing dyeing temperature could shorten the half-dyeing time and improve the average diffusion coefficient and affinity between the dye and polyamide 11 fibers.
Examining the Impacts of a Developmentally Appropriate, Culturally Relevant Virtual School on Student Outcomes
Authors: Harris Johari , Darling-Aduana Jennifer , Amoako Kayser Abigail , Edwards Christen , P. Alridge Derrick
Published: June 2023

The rapid shift to online learning due to COVID-19 provides an opportunity to examine at scale the feasibility and impact of addressing students’ cultural and developmental needs within a virtual environment. Given limited knowledge of this type of virtual schooling, this mixed-method study examined third–fifth grade students’ experiences attending a culturally responsive and developmentally appropriate virtual summer literacy program. Findings indicate that students were more receptive to the virtual programming than their traditional schooling (pre-COVID), which positively affected their racial-ethnic and learner identities. Given the findings, implications for educational stakeholders are discussed.
Occupational Hazards in Corrections: The Impact of Violence and Suicide Exposures on Officers’ Emotional and Psychological Health
Authors: St. Louis Stacie , Frost Natasha A. , Monteiro Carlos E. , Trapassi Migliaccio Jessica
Published: June 2023

Correction officers work in an occupational context where they are often exposed to violence; however, prior research assessing the relationship between violence exposure and officers’ mental health has been limited. The current study sought to better understand the impact of direct and indirect exposure to violence and suicide on psychological health outcomes. Analyzing data from a random sample of 317 correction officers in Massachusetts, findings indicate that personally knowing other officers who died by suicide is associated with greater anger, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Increased strain-based work–family conflict and departmental discipline were also associated with elevated symptomatology. However, other types of violence exposures, including being assaulted, witnessing staff assaults, and suicides among the incarcerated population, did not predict any outcomes. Furthermore, family support did not serve as a stress buffer for officers exposed to violence, but higher levels of family support were associated with decreased PTSD.
Nasal Malignant Melanoma With an Inverted Papilloma in the Contralateral Nasal Cavity: A Case Report
Authors: Guo Jing , Wang Jianwei , Cao Jiayu , Yang Yujuan , Zhang Yu , Song Xicheng
Published: June 2023

Background: We describe a patient with sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) and an inverted papilloma, which existed independently in both nasal cavities. Case presentation: We describe an unusual case of a 74-year-old male patient with SNMM and an inverted papilloma. He presented with symptoms of coughing up blood and pain in the left forehead. The patient underwent surgical resection of the lesion, and the SNMM and inverted papilloma were confirmed by histopathology. The patient refused further treatment after surgery, but was re-admitted 7 months later with local recurrence of the left tumor and systemic metastases. Conclusions: Nasal malignant melanoma with an inverted papilloma in the contralateral nasal cavity is rare and can easily be misdiagnosed as the same tumor by imaging. Simultaneous histopathology of bilateral nasal masses is very necessary. The recommended treatment is surgery for the inverted papilloma. An SNMM is a devastating tumor with poor outcomes.
Urban Imaginaries as Tacit Governing Devices: The Case of Smart City Vienna
Authors: Sepehr Pouya , Felt Ulrike
Published: June 2023

Many cities have formulated strategies, visions, and policies to deploy a local version of the “smart city.” While analysts have frequently focused on tech innovators as central players, this paper takes one step back investigating policy documents and how they open a space to reimagine the city. Taking Vienna as a case study, we examine how policy documents translate and adapt globally circulating smart city imaginaries into local versions. This offers insights into values and power relations that underpin urban imaginaries and allows to reflect how they participate in tacitly governing the future directions of urban transformation. Identifying three dominant narrative strands, we gradually trace the emergence of a sociotechnical imaginary of preservation and (technological/digital) enhancement that discursively underlines the importance of local values. However, simultaneously, we witness the striking absence of the voice of citizens in shaping these future visions and how digital capitalism enters the scene through indicator-driven urban positioning work. This leads us to call for responsible imagineering, which not only means to more collectively imagine and engineer the future city involving a more diverse set of actors but also to critically reflect related forms of storytelling as performed in policy documents.
Treatment outcomes of lobectomy with and without mediastinal lymph node dissection in older patients with clinical N0 non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Fujita Tomohiro , Koyanagi Akira , Kishimoto Koji
Published: June 2023

Background

To reduce surgical stress, we omit mediastinal lymph node dissection (MLND) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer aged ≥80 years without N1 metastasis, as confirmed via surgery. This study examined the effect of MLND omission on prognosis.

Methods

Altogether, 212 eligible patients with clinical N0 non-small cell lung cancer underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy between 2007 and 2017. Patients were classified into two groups as follows: patients aged 75–79 years who underwent MLND group, and patients aged ≥80 years in whom MLND was omitted (non-MLND group). Propensity score matching was performed between the two groups.

Results

There were 86 patients after matching. The non-MLND group showed shorter operative time (237.5 min vs. 207.5 min, p  =  0.018). No differences in postoperative complications were noted between the two groups. Between the MLND group and non-MLND group, the 5-year overall survival rates were 84.0% and 84.7% ( p  =  0.989), relapse-free survival rates were 69.8% and 74.7% ( p  =  0.855), and cancer-specific survival rates were 91.4% and 91.6% ( p  =  0.700), respectively. These results did not differ significantly.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that MLND does not affect the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer aged ≥80 years. Lobectomy without MLND is one of the surgical treatment options in older patients with clinical N0 non-small cell lung cancer. Naturally, the clinical stage of patients must be carefully evaluated before surgery.
Evaluation of the Trade-Off between Ground Delays and Intersecting Departures under Various Pilot Acceptance Rate Scenarios
Authors: Dönmez Kadir
Published: June 2023

The increasing demand for air traffic at airports necessitates the efficient utilization of ground facilities such as runways and taxiways. Intersecting departures, in which one or more aircraft take off from intersecting points on the runway, is a commonly used approach to increase runway capacity and reduce ground delays and taxi times, as well as noise and air pollution. However, the procedure carries potential risks such as runway incursion and excursion. This creates a trade-off between minimizing the number of intersecting departures and minimizing ground delays. In practice, the decision to perform an intersecting departure is ultimately up to the pilot, resulting in uncertainty in the acceptance rate of these types of takeoffs. In this study, a departure sequencing model was developed for a single-runway airport that considers intersecting departures and various pilot acceptance rate scenarios. The primary objective of the model is to minimize total ground delay, including taxi delays, runway holds, and conflict holds. The secondary objective is to minimize the number of intersecting departures by directing the most operationally critical aircraft to the intersection takeoff. The epsilon constraint method—a multi-objective scalarization method—was used to reveal the trade-offs between the objective functions. The results of the model were compared with a traditional scenario that only allows take offs from the beginning of the runway. As a result, average delay savings ranged from 17.1% to 31.5% in various acceptance rate scenarios, as well as average taxi time savings ranging from 4.9% to 8.4% compared with the traditional scenario.
ABO Blood Group and Bleeding and Survival in VA-ECMO Patients
Authors: Sun Gina H. , Ortoleva Jamel P. , Lu Shu Y. , Vanneman Matthew W. , Tanaka Kenichi , Mazzeffi Michael , Dalia Adam A.
Published: June 2023

ABO blood group has been shown to be a major determinant of plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels. O blood group is associated with the lowest vWF levels and confers an increased risk of hemorrhagic events, while AB blood group has the highest levels and is associated with thromboembolic events. We hypothesized in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients that O blood type would have the highest and AB blood type would have the lowest transfusions, with an inverse relationship to survival. A retrospective analysis of 307 VA-ECMO patients at a major quaternary referral hospital was performed. The distribution of blood groups included 124 group O (40%), 122 group A (40%), 44 group B (14%), and 17 group AB (6%) patients. Regarding usage of packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, and platelets, there was a non-statistically significant difference in transfusions, with group O having the least and group AB having the most requirements. However, there was a statistically significant difference in cryoprecipitate usage when comparing to group O: group A (1.77, 95% CI: 1.05-2.97, P < .05), group B (2.05, 95% CI: 1.16-3.63, P < .05), and group AB (3.43, 95% CI: 1.71-6.90, P < .001). Furthermore, a 20% increase in length of days on ECMO was associated with a 2–12% increase in blood product usage. The cumulative 30-day mortality rate for groups O and A was 60%, group B was 50%, and group AB was 40%; the 1-year mortality rate for groups O and A was 65%, group B was 57%, and group AB was 41%; however, the mortality differences were not statistically significant.
Field Experiences in Special Education Teacher Preparation: A Review of the Literature
Authors: O’Brien Kristen Merrill , Nagro Sarah A. , Binkert Gino D. , Szocik Katherine , Gerry Margaret
Published: June 2023

Field experiences are often considered by researchers, leading organizations, and accrediting bodies as a critical component of special education teacher preparation. Yet, much remains unknown about the types or numbers of field experiences that will best prepare special education teacher candidates. Given the ongoing changes in the field of teacher education to move toward practice-based approaches and increasing calls for more rigorous research, we aim to update the review conducted by Nagro and deBettencourt, which looked at special education field experiences from 2000 to 2014. Specifically, we conducted a systematic literature review of the research on field experiences including special education teacher candidates that have been published from 2013 to 2020 to examine what is known about participants, field experience duration and settings, field experience instructional approaches and content, field experience activities, and methodologies employed. We discuss findings for special education teacher preparation, including future research directions.
Implementing Promising Strategies to Reduce the Risk for Viral Hepatitis and Liver Cancer Among People Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Momin Behnoosh , Mezzo Jennifer , Nielsen Danielle , Richardson Ayasha , Conners Erin E.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

To describe a 3-year demonstration project with selected Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP) award recipients to build partnerships with local organizations to improve knowledge and awareness of the association between injecting drugs and the risk for viral hepatitis and liver cancer, improve delivery of viral hepatitis services, and implement comprehensive syringe services programs.

Design

A mixed-methods descriptive evaluation of selected evidence-based interventions or promising strategies that each award recipient implemented based on the needs of their population.

Setting

Selected provider and patient populations served by NCCCP award recipients in Iowa, Minnesota (American Indian Cancer Foundation), Mississippi, and West Virginia.

Subjects

Four award recipients that implemented individually-tailored strategies and activities.

Measures

Processes were assessed through monitoring and tracking tools. Challenges, lessons learned, and recommendations were collected via qualitative interviews.

Analysis

We used descriptive statistics to analyze quantitative data. We analyzed award recipient interviews using thematic analysis.

Results

Activities were implemented across four strategies. Strong public-private partnerships, ongoing technical assistance, a deep understanding of individual populations, and a shared commitment to remaining flexible were main factors.

Conclusion

While challenges existed, award recipients implemented key strategies and activities in their populations. Findings contribute to the scaling of best practices to the larger cancer control community especially those whose populations are at higher risk for viral hepatitis.
LINC00641 impeded the malignant biological behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells via interacting with IGF2BP1 to reduce GLI1 mRNA stability
Authors: Meng Dongdong , Zhao Shuiying , Wu Lina , Ma Xiaojun , Zhao Di , Li Zhifu
Published: June 2023

Dysregulation of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 00,641 (LINC00641) is associated with the malignancy progression of multiple cancers, including thyroid carcinoma. The current study aimed to determine the role of LINC00641 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and the underlying mechanism. We found that LINC00641 was downregulated in PTC tissues and cells( p < 0.05), and overexpression of LINC00641 inhibited PTC cell proliferation and invasion, and induced apoptosis( p < 0.05), while silencing LINC00641 promoted the proliferation and invasion in PTC cells, and inhibited cell apoptosis( p < 0.05). Furthermore, we found that Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) expression was negatively correlated with LINC00641 expression in PTC tissues ( r2 = 0.7649, p < 0.0001), and silencing GLI1 inhibited PTC cell proliferation and invasion, and induced apoptosis( p < 0.05). Meanwhile, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays confirmed that insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) bound to LINC00641 as an RNA binding protein, and overexpression of LINC00641 destabilized GLI1 mRNA by competitively binding to IGF2BP1. Rescue experiments revealed that overexpression of GLI1 restored the inhibitory effect of LINC00641 overexpression on activation of the AKT pathway, as well as PTC cell proliferation and invasion, and counteracted the induction of cell apoptosis by LINC00641 overexpression. Finally, in vivo experimental results showed that overexpression of LINC00641 markedly suppressed tumor growth and reduced expression of GLI1 and p-AKT in xenograft tumor mice( p < 0.05). In summary, this study highlighted that LINC00641 plays a critical role in the malignant biological progression of PTC by regulating the LINC00641/IGF2BP1/GLI1/AKT signaling pathway, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for PTC.
Symbiotic Supplementation (E. faecium and Agave Inulin) Improves Spatial Memory and Increases Plasticity in the Hippocampus of Obese Rats: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Romo-Araiza Alejandra , Picazo-Aguilar Rocío I. , Griego Ernesto , Márquez Luis A. , Galván Emilio J. , Cruz Yolanda , Fernández-Presas Ana María , Chávez-Guerra Almudena , Rodríguez-Barrera Roxana , Azpiri-Cardós Ana P. , Rosas-Quintero Claudia , Jasso-Chávez Ricardo , Borlongan Cesar V. , Ibarra Antonio
Published: June 2023

Obesity has been linked to cognitive impairment through systemic low-grade inflammation. High fat and sugar diets (HFSDs) also induce systemic inflammation, either by induced Toll-like receptor 4 response, or by causing dysbiosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of symbiotics supplementation on spatial and working memory, butyrate concentration, neurogenesis, and electrophysiological recovery of HFSD-fed rats. In a first experiment, Sprague-Dawley male rats were given HFSD for 10 weeks, after which they were randomized into 2 groups ( n = 10 per group): water (control), or Enterococcus faecium + inulin (symbiotic) administration, for 5 weeks. In the fifth week, spatial and working memory was analyzed through the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Eight-Arm Radial Maze (RAM) tests, respectively, with 1 week apart between tests. At the end of the study, butyrate levels from feces and neurogenesis at hippocampus were determined. In a second experiment with similar characteristics, the hippocampus was extracted to perform electrophysiological studies. Symbiotic-supplemented rats showed a significantly better memory, butyrate concentrations, and neurogenesis. This group also presented an increased firing frequency in hippocampal neurons [and a larger N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)/α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) current ratio] suggesting an increase in NMDA receptors, which in turn is associated with an enhancement in long-term potentiation and synaptic plasticity. Therefore, our results suggest that symbiotics could restore obesity-related memory impairment and promote synaptic plasticity.
Optimization of Extraction Process and Anti-Hemorrhoidal Activity of Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC. Leaves in Croton Oil-induced Hemorrhoid Model
Authors: Dubey Tarkeshwar , Bhanukiran Kancharla , Prasad Satyendra K. , Hemalatha Siva
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives

Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC. (Family—Asteraceae) is widely used for treating hemorrhoids by several ethnomedicinal practitioners and tribes in India. Thus, the main objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the potential of B. lacera leaf extract in the treatment of hemorrhoids using a croton oil-induced hemorrhoid rat model.

Materials and Methods

Ethanol extract of B. lacera (EBL) leaves was prepared using Soxhlet extraction, optimized using Box–Behnken design (BBD), and quantified using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Furthermore, the vasoactive ions were estimated using ion-exchange chromatography. Hemorrhoids were induced in the recto-anal portion of experimental rats, followed by treatment with EBL (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg; par oral (p.o.)) and Pilex granules as a standard anti-hemorrhoid drug for 7 days. The anti-hemorrhoid potential was evaluated on the eighth day by assessing the severity of hemorrhoids, biochemical parameters, and histology of recto-anal tissue.

Results

Upon treatment with EBL and Pilex, there was a significant ( p < 0.05) reduction in the inflammatory severity index, concentration of Evans blue dye, recto-anal coefficient (RAC), elevated cytokines level, and restoration of altered antioxidant status. Furthermore, the histopathological results revealed a marked reduction in the inflammatory zones along with minimally dilated blood vessels.

Conclusion

The present study confirmed the traditional claims of the plant B. lacera in the treatment of hemorrhoids, which may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential in EBL, where quercetin could be considered the main contributor.
A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Haemostatic Interventions in Primary Cleft Palate Repair
Authors: Sheil Fiachra , Theopold Christoph , Orr David J A , de Blacam Catherine
Published: June 2023

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of adrenaline infiltration, topical adrenaline, systemic tranexamic acid, fibrin tissue sealants and alginate-based topical coagulants at reducing blood loss and post-operative bleeding in primary cleft palate repair.

Design

Systematic review according to PRISMA-P guidelines, using Covidence systematic review software to facilitate 3-stage screening and data extraction by two reviewers.

Setting

Academic cleft surgery center.

Interventions

Any peri-operative intervention to reduce intra-operative and post-operative bleeding.

Main Outcome Measures

Estimated blood loss, rate of post-operative bleeding, rate of return to theatre for haemostasis.

Results

Sixteen relevant studies were identified, with a total of 1469 study participants. Nine studies examined efficacy of infiltrating vasoconstrictors and all concluded that 1:100,000–1:400,000 adrenaline infiltration reduced intra-operative blood loss, to the range of 12-60 ml. Secondary bleeding and re-operation for haemostasis were uncommon. Tranexamic acid was studied in five randomised controlled trials, two of which demonstrated a significant reduction in blood loss compared to a control group. Use of fibrin and gelatin sponge products was examined in 3 studies, all of which reported no or minimal bleeding, but did not have quantifiable outcome measures.

Conclusions

Infiltration with vasoconstricting agents, administration of systemic tranexamic acid and application of fibrin sealants have a well-studied and favorable safety profile in pediatric cases, and likely contribute to the relatively low incidence of post-operative bleeding and intra-operative blood loss in primary cleft palate repair.
Does Felt Obligation or Gratitude Better Explain the Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support and Outcomes?
Authors: Eisenberger Robert , Wen Xueqi , Zheng Dianhan , Yu Jia , Liu Zihan , Zhang Jing , Wang Lei , Kim Tae-Yeol , Krivacek Sara , Zagenczyk Thomas J. , Joo Min-Kyu , Mesdaghinia Salar , Lee Deog-Ro , Kim Tae-Hyun
Published: June 2023

The employee-organization relationship (EOR) is a key component of organizational behavior. Researchers have consistently shown that employees who perceive that they are supported by their organizations (favorable EORs) tend to have positive attitudes and behave in a manner that helps the organization to reach its goals. For many years, the reciprocity norm (e.g. felt obligation) has been a widely accepted explanation for the EOR. Yet, despite calls to explore additional pathways, little work has examined other mediating mechanisms between favorable EORs and outcomes. We draw on the affect theory of social exchange to argue for the mediating effects of gratitude, felt obligation, and pride on the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) and outcomes. Our results—from three field studies—show that (a) gratitude mediated the relationships of POS with extra-role performance aimed at aiding the organization, affective organizational commitment, and job satisfaction, (b) the mediating effect of gratitude was stronger than the mediating effect of felt obligation, and (c) gratitude made stronger contributions to extra-role performance and affective organizational commitment than did pride. We discuss theoretical and practical implications.
Pigmented Epidermotropic Breast Carcinoma: A Diagnostic Pitfall Mimicking Melanoma A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Rolim Ines , Rafael Margarida , Robson Alistair , Costa Rosa Joaninha
Published: June 2023

We report the clinical and pathologic features of a patient with breast carcinoma, who developed clinically visible pigmented skin lesions during the course of the disease. The combination of clinical pigmentation, histological pagetoid epidermal spread, and considerable melanin pigment within tumour cells lead to a misdiagnosis of melanoma. This case provides a striking example of the ability of epidermotropic breast carcinoma to mimic melanoma. A literature review is also reported.
Mental Time Travel in Online Travel Communities: The Application of Past and Future Time Orientations
Authors: (Olivia) Park Eunhye , Kim Woohyuk , Kim Sung-Bum
Published: June 2023

This study identified travelers’ mental states related to key travel attributes at different stages of travel. Specifically, this study addresses three research foci: (1) the major topics discussed by online travel community members regarding European and Asian destinations; (2) the members’ future and past time orientations; and (3) the emotions associated with the topics discussed. To answer our research questions, we conducted topic modeling and language analysis to measure travelers’ temporal orientations (i.e., past and future orientations) and emotional states (i.e., positive and negative sentiments) as expressed on Reddit. We compared comments on the 20 most salient topics related to European and Asian destinations by topic weight, and classified the discussed topics on the basis of topic sentiment and temporal orientation. Our results identify the key travel attributes shared in the online sphere, where online travel community members express varying sentiments toward past and future experiences and events. The findings will benefit diverse travel industry stakeholders as well as researchers interested in online discourses.