bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thousands of planetesimals: Simulating the streaming instability in very large computational domains
Authors: Schäfer Urs , Johansen Anders , Haugbølle Troels , Nordlund Åke
Published: October 2024

The streaming instability is a mechanism whereby pebble-sized particles in protoplanetary discs spontaneously come together in dense filaments, which collapse gravitationally to form planetesimals upon reaching the Roche density. The extent of the filaments along the orbital direction is nevertheless poorly characterised, due to a focus in the literature on small simulation domains where the behaviour of the streaming instability on large scales cannot be determined. We present here computer simulations of the streaming instability in boxes with side lengths up to 6.4 scale heights in the plane. This is 32 times larger than typically considered simulation domains and nearly a factor 1000 times the volume. We show that the azimuthal extent of filaments in the non-linear state of the streaming instability is limited to approximately one gas scale height. The streaming instability will therefore not transform the pebble density field into axisymmetric rings; rather the non-linear state of the streaming instability appears as a complex structure of loosely connected filaments. Including the self-gravity of the pebbles, our simulations form up to 4000 planetesimals. This allows us to probe the high-mass end of the initial mass function of planetesimals with much higher statistical confidence than previously. We find that this end is well-described by a steep exponential tapering. Since the resolution of our simulations is moderate – a necessary trade-off given the large domains – the mass distribution is incomplete at the low-mass end. When putting comparatively less weight on the numbers at low masses, at intermediate masses we nevertheless reproduce the power-law shape of the distribution established in previous studies.
Evolution of gas envelopes and outgassed atmospheres of rocky planets that formed via pebble accretion
Authors: Tomberg Piia Maria , Johansen Anders
Published: October 2024

In this work, we present results of numerical simulations of the formation and early evolution of rocky planets through pebble accretion, with an emphasis on hydrogen envelope longevity and the composition of the outgassed atmosphere. We modelled planets with a range in mass from 0.1 to 5 Earth masses that orbit between 0.7 and 1.7 AU. The composition of the outgassed atmosphere was calculated with the partial pressure of free oxygen fit to geophysical models of magma ocean self-oxidation. The combined X-ray and UV (XUV) radiation-powered photoevaporation is considered as the main driver of atmospheric escape. We modelled planets that remain below the pebble isolation mass and hence accrete tenuous envelopes only. We considered slow, medium, or fast initial stellar rotation for the temporal evolution of the XUV flux. The loss of the envelope is a key event that allows the magma ocean to crystallise and outgas its bulk volatiles. The atmospheric composition of the majority of our simulated planets is dominated by CO2. Our planets accrete a total of 11.6 Earth oceans of water, the majority of which enters the core. The hydrospheres of planets lighter than the Earth reach several times the mass of the Earth’s modern oceans, while the hydrospheres of planets ranging from 1 to 3.5 Earth masses are comparable to those of our planet. However, planets of 4–5 Earth masses have smaller hydrospheres due to the trapping of volatiles in their massive mantles. Overall, our simulations demonstrate that hydrogen envelopes are easily lost from rocky planets and that this envelope loss triggers the most primordial partitioning of volatiles between the solid mantle and the atmosphere.
Monitoring of dust aerosol properties in a source region of southern Tajikistan-Ayvaj station
Authors: Bi Jianrong , Huang Jianping , Huang Zhongwei , Abdullaev Sabur F. , Nozirov Dilovar , Wang Tianhe , Meng Zhaozhao , Li Ze
Published: October 2024

To advance our understanding of the interactions among dust aerosol, cloud, and radiation budget and relevant climate influences over Central Asia, the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL) and the Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan jointly established a permanent site at Shaartuz-Ayvaj in southern Tajikistan since 8 June 2023. This study mainly introduces the scientific objective, measurements, and analyses the aerosol optical properties, mass concentrations, size distributions, and radiative balances under two heavy dust events during summer of 2023. A set of state-of-the-art instruments was deployed at Ayvaj, and we could capture several heavy dust events during the summer of 2023. The maximum mass concentrations of surface PM2.5 and PM10 increased sharply to 1500 and 8000 µg/m3, respectively on 9 June for the heaviest dust event, and the aerosol optical depth at 500 nm (AOD500) increased from 0.20 to 3.2, and the corresponding Angstrom Exponent (AE440–870) decreased to about 0.01. The maximum mass concentrations are located in the coarse-mode of 2.5–32 µm, suggesting that dust aerosol is the dominant aerosol type at Ayvaj. These findings are of great importance to investigate the environmental health and climate effects of desert dust aerosols in Central Asia.
Using remote sensing techniques to delineate SDS “hotspot” source regions
Authors: Al-Hemoud Ali
Published: October 2024

Operational remote sensing (ORS) is an effective tool for hazard zonation of the dust source areas for remediation and vegetation purposes. Various ORS satellite monitoring techniques, including NASA MODIS Aqua/Terra, Landsat and ESA Sentinel, were used to delineate a major sand and dust storm (SDS) “hotspot” area in the Mesopotamia region of southern Iraq. SDS blown from this “hotspot” area is transboundary and travels thousands of kilometres from the source affecting multi-countries, including Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Qatar. We applied various ORS datasets to clearly delineate the “hotspot” area with high temporal and spatial resolution. The techniques used include: (1) surface composition analysis and mapping, (2) vegetation mapping, (3) topographic and soil moisture, (4) aerosol optical depth (AOD), and (5) temporal monitoring and trend analysis. ORS identified severe wind erosion located in the top center (hotspot 1) and southwest (hotspot 2) regions of the “hotspot” area. By leveraging these ORS techniques scientists can properly assess and understand the soil structure of areas prone to SDS, delineating factors contributing to soil erosion and SDS generation. This understanding is fundamental for implementing effective land management strategies, conservation efforts, and early warning systems aimed at mitigating the impacts of SDS on both local and transboundary scales.
Estimating dust source activities based on dust RGB images and wind speed
Authors: Nikfal Amirhossein , Ranjbar Saadatabadi Abbas , Moradi Mohammad
Published: October 2024

With the aim of improving the WRF/Chem model outputs for dust concentration, the soil erodibility as a representative for dust sources have been recalculated based on remote sensing (MSG-SEVIRI) and some relevant atmospheric data. The frequencies of dust episodes on specific regions have been modified by applying some weights with respect to atmospheric turbulence and wind speed. Several new regions of dust sources have been identified by the new dust source, and several formerly known dust sources have been identified as non-source areas in the new dust source map. The new dust source map have been used in the WRF/Chem model to simulated specific dust storms in the region. WRF/Chem results by the new dust sources were better performance in simulation of dust concentration over the region, in comparison to observations.
Investigation of Levar wind by WRF model in Zabol City (Southeast Iran) in 17 years duration (2005-2021)
Authors: Hossein Hamzeh Nasim , Ranjbar Saadat Abadi Abbas , Kaskaoutis Dimitris , Opp Christian , Shukurov Karim
Published: October 2024

Dust particles are one of the most important aerosol types with various effects on atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics, weather phenomena, atmospheric chemistry, air pollution and human health. In this study, both wind speed and direction are simulated by the WRF model in one of the dustiest cities, Zabol City, in east Iran during a 17 years period (2005-2021). The city was chosen because it’s located in a dust source and is mostly affected by local dust storms. The dust frequency is very high and at least one third of the year, dust-related codes are reported at the weather station of the city. Also, a high number of dust events occurs from May to September that is in coincidence with the Levar wind. Since both wind speed and wind direction are one of important factors in dust rising and propagation, especially near the dust sources, these parameters were simulated by WRF model in this study. WRF model well simulated both the wind direction and the wind class frequency distribution at Zabol station, while the model mostly overestimated the wind speed during the 17 years period.
The soil properties of dust source of south-eastern Ahvaz, Iran
Authors: Khaksarian Farhad , Abbasi Hamidreza , Gohardoust Azadeh , Opp Christian
Published: October 2024

The main goal of this study was to explore the physio-chemical soil characteristics in the dust hotspot of south-eastern Ahvaz in the Iranian province Khuzestan. The knowledge about physical and chemical characteristics of soils at the landscape scale is crucial for biological stabilization processes of soil surfaces to prevent or to reduce deflation processes. For this purpose, we collected soil samples in a 2 × 2 km grid and measured physical and chemical properties of the soils in the lab. Then, the erodible fraction (EF) and soil crust factor (SCF) were calculated based on an improved wind erosion model method. The results show that the erodible fraction of the soil classified into high susceptibility classes and SCF have significant variations throughout the study area. The majority of soils in dust source areas has heavy to very heavy texture and suffer from low organic matter, salinity, and alkalinity, which limit the growth of plants and make the prevention of wind erosion difficult.
Classification of atmospheric particles over the Urmia Lake: Two case studies
Authors: Alizadeh Salar , Moradhaseli Ruhollah , Khalesifard Hamid R.
Published: October 2024

In this study, we examined the aerosols in the Urmia Lake atmosphere, using a polarization lidar, looking for traces of salt particles. Urmia Lake is a hypersaline lake and most part of it now is dry. We have applied the two-step POLIPHON method to classify particles in three categories, i.e., dust, non-dust, and salt-dust/polluted dust. In the vicinity of the lake’s bed, salt-dust particles (mixture of dust and salt) exhibit lower particle depolarization ratios (PDRs) compared with pure dust; However, their PDRs are higher than urban pollution or other anthropogenic particles. Two case studies are presented here. These cases represent particles originating from both local and trans-regional sources. Particles transported from Africa and the Tigris-Euphrates basin mainly show higher PDR values (> 0.2), indicating the presence of dust as the dominant aerosol type. However, the PDR of particles that originated from the lake’s bed is close to that of the polluted dust. Since the measurements were conducted very close to the source, we called such particles that are rising from the lake bed as salt-dust. In both cases, the concentration of these particles is considerably enhanced at altitudes below 2 km AGL with respect to higher ranges.
Dust observation by a ground-based lidar network along the global dust belt
Authors: Huang Zhongwei , Huang Jianping , Bi Jianrong , Wang Tianhe , Zhou Tian , Dong Qingqing , Shi Jinsen , Liu Qiantao , Li Wuren , Li Ze , Song Xiaodong , Liu Wentao , Wang Huiyan , Niu Zuorong
Published: October 2024

It is proven that there is a macro dust belt over the Northern Hemisphere, extending from northern Africa to East Asia. The dust emissions from the dust belt can reach up to around 2100 Tg/year. The Saharan desert is the largest contributor to the dust belt, accounting for about 50-60% of the total global dust. Our study indicates that Saharan dust can be transported to the upper troposphere in East Asia, contributing a substantial dust 22.88-44.94 Tg/year. It provides a new perspective on the important role of Saharan dust over East Asia. Climate variability has a significant impact on these regions, so that, it is needed to know how the aerosol particles change in the region in the context of global warming. Aiming to obtain the vertical distribution of dust aerosol and clouds, we have initiated a ground-based lidar network along the dust belt since 2018. Dust events were observed by the ground-based lidar at Tazhong station in 2021 and Ruoqiang station in 2020. We characterized the vertical distribution of these dust events. In the future, the lidar network is expected to establish 15 sites before 2024, extending from China to Northern Africa. The ground-based lidar system in the lidar network is a multi-wavelength Mie-Raman polarization lidar developed by Lanzhou University for continuously detecting water vapor, aerosols and clouds. To better assess the climate effect of dust aerosol over the region, other advanced instruments, such as sun-photometer, microwave radiometers, PM10/PM2.5 monitoring device, automatic meteorological station etc., are installed at each lidar site. The lidar network will provide continuous observational data of aerosols and clouds, which helps to better understand climate change in the region.
Impacts of dust storms on agriculture: A synthesis
Authors: Middleton Nick
Published: October 2024

This paper reviews the various ways in which dust storms affect the agricultural sector. These effects occur during all three phases of the wind erosion system: soil particle entrainment, transport and deposition. The loss of fine soil particles, organic material, nutrients, seeds and fertilizers is the most obvious impact when soil is entrained, commonly resulting in a measurable decline in field crop yields and loss of pasture quality in rangelands. During transport and deposition, the characteristics of dust – chemistry, mineralogy, microorganisms – determine its effects. Saline dust deposition increases soil salinity, with consequent adverse effects on plants. Pathogenic microorganisms in dust can disperse plant and animal diseases, and infect agricultural workers. The emission of large quantities of dust during droughts may create a land–atmosphere feedback that prolongs drought conditions. The effects of dust can be direct and indirect, with immediate short-term effects and chronic long-term consequences. Although many of these impacts have not been well quantified – and some can be positive for farmers and herders – the evidence available indicates they can substantially reduce the productivity of crops, trees, pastures and livestock. The adverse impacts of dust storms are likely to become even more severe in future due to climate change unless appropriate interventions are made.
Relating cloud and aerosol properties from long-term lidar observations in Tajikistan
Authors: Lipken Friederike , Hofer Julian , Jimenez Cristofer , Althausen Dietrich , Radenz Martin , Engelmann Ronny , Baars Holger , Abdullaev Sabur F.
Published: October 2024

Focusing on Tajikistan, a region facing critical environmental challenges, this extended abstract provides insights into the relationship between aerosols and clouds in Central Asia by means of lidar observations. Since 2019, a novel Dual-Field-of-View (DFOV) Raman polarization lidar system in Dushanbe has provided highly-resolved data on aerosol and cloud microphysical properties. Given the limited observational experiments in Central Asia, these measurements might play a crucial role in addressing climaterelated concerns. In fact, this technological deployment might not only provide a better picture regarding the spatio-temporal distribution of mineral dust and urban emissions, but also improve our understanding regarding the complex interactions between aerosol and clouds. One of the most uncertain aspects when predicting future temperature and precipitation patterns. Furthermore, an extended trajectory-based source attribution tool has been implemented to track air masses in Tajikistan, providing enhanced support for this and future studies. This research focuses on data evaluation and analysis, building upon established lidar methodologies. The resulting insights can potentially contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between aerosols and clouds in the dry continental conditions that persists in this region.
Monitoring of sand and dust storms in Uzbekistan: Status and prospects
Authors: Nishonov Bakhriddin , Rakhmatova Natella , Shardakova Lyudmila
Published: October 2024

Sand and dust storm (SDS) monitoring data plays a key role in ensuring timely response, increasing resilience, reducing vulnerability, and minimizing the negative impacts of SDS. It provides the basis for reliable assessment and analysis of SDS-related events. This paper analyzes the existing dust storm monitoring system in Uzbekistan. The shortcomings of the current SDS monitoring system are highlighted, as well as the main directions for its improvement and presented the concept of an up-to-date monitoring system for Uzbekistan.
Achieving circular economy at integrated waste treatment facility (tpst) in Banyumas: Mediating effect of women roles
Authors: Syauqi Nabhan Muhammad , Lestari Sofiana Tri , Romadlon Fauzan
Published: October 2024

The amount of waste in Indonesia continues to increase along with population growth. This high growth also contributes to waste generation, and one regency that initiates waste management is Banyumas. The government initiated an integrated waste treatment facility (TPST) based on a circular economy approach. The circular economy approach through TPST aligns with implementing the local values from the Javanese philosophy. In addition, Women play a vital role in maximizing waste management programs. The research aims to find the relationship among local values, women’s roles, and the circular economy. The method used wasquantitative, with 54 respondents. The analysis used structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS). The result shows that women’s role mediates the relationship between local values and circular economy. To improve the circular economy at TPST, the government needs to implement local values supported by the role of women. The government should take a strategic stance in encouraging by setting off some initiatives and programs. The practical contribution of this study is that the government can conduct training programs based on gender, especially for empoweringwomen in TPST management and circular economy.
Impact of english language proficiency on maritime safety and environmental protection
Authors: Simanjuntak Marudut Bernadtua , Rafli Zainal , Utami Sintowati Rini
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the influence of English language proficiency on maritime safety practices and environmental protection among senior cadets in vocational maritime education. The research focuses on communication skills development, particularly speaking and listening competencies, essential for effective operational practices in the maritime industry. Using qualitative methods, including semistructured interviews and observational techniques, the study examines how enhanced language proficiency enhances cadets’ abilities to adhere to safety protocols, communicate effectively with international stakeholders, and engage in environmental stewardship. Results indicate that cadets proficient in English demonstrate advanced fluency and technical vocabulary usage, contributing to improved safety outcomes and sustainable practices within maritime operations. The findings underscore the significance of integrating English for Specific Purposes (ESP) into vocational curricula to prepare future maritime professionals adequately. This research not only highlights the critical role of language education in maritime training but also advocates for continuous improvement in educational strategies and industry standards to uphold safety and environmental regulations.
Design of floating treatment wetland in PT Antam Tbk UBP Bauksit Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Jannah Nurul , Putra Mirza Shofarisqi Taqwa
Published: October 2024

The wastewater that comes from bauxite ore washing at PT ANTAM Tbk UBP Bauksit Kalimantan Barat is not treated optimally, because of that it needs another alternative treatment other than coagulant. This research aims to establish the design of floating treatment wetland, arrange the application and maintenance procedure of floating treatment wetland, and arrange the draft cost budget of floating treatment wetland. The result of this research is design of floating treatment wetland plan that has 24 m2 or 4 x 6 m dimension with 600 plants for 1 unit. The selected plant is eleocharis dulcis which is able to absorb iron (FE) that contained in wastewater. Based on calculation if FA (bouyant force) higher than W (weight), than the media will be floated. All the design criteria from hydraulic loading rate, hydraulic retention time, water depth and surface coverage are accordant. The procedure of application and maintenance includes preparation and application procedure as well as operational and maintenance procedure. The cost required for 124 floating treatment wetland units is IDR 1.162.996.000.
U-shaped relationship between eco-marketing and ESG in environmental sustainability
Authors: G’ulomovna Davronova Zilola
Published: October 2024

In years there has been a growing focus, on sustainability with a particular emphasis on incorporating ecofriendly marketing strategies and Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) standards. This research delves into the relationship between eco marketing efforts and ESG performance in promoting sustainability. The main goal is to investigate how different levels of eco marketing impact ESG outcomes and support practices. Using an equation model this study examines a dataset across various industries known for their eco marketing initiatives. The results uncover a correlation where moderate eco marketing levels lead to less than optimal ESG performance while both low and high levels result in better outcomes. This U-shaped pattern suggests that making either minimal or substantial investments in eco marketing is more effective in boosting ESG performance than efforts. Recent findings indicate that companies investing heavily in eco marketing see enhancements in sustainability indicators. The research suggests that businesses should either commit minimally or extensively to eco marketing approaches to maximize ESG advantages. This insight holds value, for policymakers and business executives looking to strengthen their environmental sustainability standings. The findings highlight how crucial it is to plan when investing in eco marketing and offer an insight into how marketing strategies and sustainability results interact. This study adds to the expanding pool of information, on business methods. Provides actionable suggestions, for enhancing ESG performance through focused eco marketing initiatives.
Sustainable microalgae cultivation: A comprehensive review of open and enclosed systems for biofuel and high value compound production
Authors: Zhang Qingtao , Guan Yijia , Zhang Zhuochao , Dong Sihui , Yuan Taiyi , Ruan Zixin , Chen Minghao
Published: October 2024

Microalgae have emerged as a promising feedstock for biofuels and high-value compounds, offering potential solutions to global energy and resource challenges. This comprehensive review examines the latest advancements in microalgae cultivation technologies, focusing on both open systems and enclosed photobioreactors (PBRs). We analyze various configurations including open raceway ponds, tubular PBRs, flat panel PBRs, and novel designs such as the Light Exchange Bubble-column (LEB). The review encompasses key performance indicators such as biomass productivity, energy efficiency, and water usage, as well as life cycle assessment (LCA) results for different cultivation systems. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in scaling up microalgae production, the potential for integrating wastewater treatment and CO2 mitigation, and the prospects of biorefinery approaches. By synthesizing recent research findings and identifying knowledge gaps, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state and future directions in sustainable microalgae cultivation for researchers, engineers, and policymakers in the field of renewable energy and biotechnology.
Educational tourism program planning of Vocational School IPB University
Authors: Patabang Melewanto , Rahmani Natasha Indah , Bonanza Occy , S Rahayu Kania , Prabandari Dyah , Dewi Helianthi , Untari Rini , Resmayasari Ira , Mulyana Bedi , Kurnia Insan , Widodo Gatot
Published: October 2024

Educational tourism is one type of niche branch of many kindsof tourism. Campus tours or university tours are one of the activities that areoften favored by school-age children to experience interactive life on campus or get inspiration to continue their studies, in other words, universities are one of the attractions of tourist demand. Bogor City is one of the popular tourist destinations that is located close to the capital city of DKI Jakarta and has one of the best campuses in Indonesia, namely IPB University. IPB University itself which is located in sub urban area of Bogoralready has tour programs. However, Vocational School of IPB University does not have a tour program yet. This study aims to develop an educationaltourism program at the Vocational School because of its strategic location in the center of Bogor City. This study uses descriptive methods and spatialanalysis, which brought in 130 respondents to follow the tour design that hasbeen made. There are different programs that are adjusted to the characteristics of the tour participants. The challenge in implementing tourson campus is not only communication between the dean or heads of department but also between the committee and field officers on duty in thelaboratory.
Health status of stray cats in Bogor city based on various parameters
Authors: Anggraeni Henny Endah , Sulistiawati Erni , Siagian Tetty Barunawati , Vibowo Heryudianto , Wijaya Surya Kusuma , Budiono Dwi , Astini Wining , Putri Miranti Fardesiana
Published: October 2024

This study aims to identify the health status of stray cats in the city of Bogor with various examination parameters, namely physical, blood and urine. This study used 20 stray cats from the city of Bogor. The stray cats were adapted for 1 day at the veterinary clinic of College of Vocational Studies of IPB University and then examined. The parameters examined were physical examination, blood and urine. The results of the physical examination showed that many abnormalities in the skin and fur, such as ectoparasites, and alopecia. A fairly large percentage of abnormal results were obtained in the increase in hearth rate and respiratory rate, this can be influenced by stress factors. Hematological examination showed that were within the normal range, except for increased eosinophils and low platelet counts. It indicated possible parasitic infestation and platelet-related problems. Result of urine examination was dominated by hyposthenuria, which is thought to be related to less drinking frequency or fasting status in the animals. Examination of urine color of these cats is normal, did not contain protein. Examination of epithelial cells in urine showed that 13 samples (76%) contained epithelial cells and 4 samples (24%) showed negative results.
Olive Trees in Numbers: How Does SME One Home Farm Manage Its Biological Assets?
Authors: Merdekawati Eka , Fitriandhani Liza Fadhila , Pratiwi Ratih , Fatma Ginoga Lesia , Firmansyah Iman , Hidayati Aulia , Nurdialy Mela , Ramadhanti Resti Jayeng , Rosyanti Novi , Septiani Delina Herdian , Sriwijayanti Irma , Tampubolon Ricky Bryan D.P. , Mauludina Muhammad Alam , Rahmani Hani Fitria , Rosyanti Novi , Saleh Rahmat , Syahwani Asty Khairi Inayah
Published: October 2024

This study explores the observation that many companies, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), do not recognize plants as biological assets requiring recognition in their financial statements. SME One Home Farm, a small company involved in organic farming, has not yet recorded olive trees as biological assets in its financial reports. The aim of this research is to analyze the accounting treatment of biological assets at SME One Home Farm, including the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure processes in accordance with PSAK 69, and to compare the conditions before and after the implementation of proper accounting for biological assets. The results indicate that SME One Home Farm has not accounted for the value of its biological assets due to limited accounting knowledge and has only focused on recording sales and minor cash expenditures without considering the value of the plants. As a result, the financial statements do not fully reflect the contribution of biological assets, leading to an increased risk of unforeseen losses. In summary, SME One Home Farm has not met the PSAK No. 69 requirements in its financial reporting concerning the management of biological assets.
Prototype of a digital village application for potential and distribution of village’s superior products and recommendations for tourist attractions
Authors: Renanti Medhanita Dewi , Wicaksono Aditya , Nasir Muhammad , Aziezah Nur , Barus Irma RG , Fami Amata , Indriasari Sofiyanti
Published: October 2024

Digital transformation is not merely a concept; it is a reality that all entities must integrate to remain relevant and effective. In Indonesia, there are 83,843 villages, but not all have embraced digital transformation. Indonesia boasts abundant natural resources, a thriving agricultural sector, and captivating natural tourist attractions. The Digital Village Potential and Superior Product Distribution application, along with the Village Tourism Recommendation, aims to support digital villages. Many rural communities encounter challenges in adopting platforms that facilitate economic growth and tourism advancement through digitalization. This research provides insights into village superior product potentials, distributions, and tourism recommendations in Indonesia. The chosen software development method is the prototype approach, aligning with the existing context. The development stages include communication, quick planning, rapid design modeling, prototype construction, deployment, and feedback. Notably, the application features data management for village superior products and tourist attractions—enabling government, community members, and investors to access and filter relevant information. By making superior products and tourism accessible to both national and international audiences, this application contributes to increasing village residents’ income and strengthening the local economy.
An overview of last decade’s developments in RayXpert®, a 3D Monte Carlo code
Authors: Dray Nicolas , Mary Nicolas , Dossat Cédric , Bourgoin Jefferson , Chatry Nathalie
Published: October 2024

This article provides an overview of the developments made over the last 10 years within RayXpert®, a CAD-based geometry 3D Monte Carlo software developed by TRAD – Tests & Radiations. The main features of RayXpert® are its 3D Monte Carlo engine and its CAD-based geometry. It is also possible to import STEP file, automatically detect overlaps, and perform parallel Monte Carlo computations. During the last 10 years, numerous new features were added to the software: TTB approximation, dose and flux mapping, computation resumption, radioactive decay computation, script support, MPI computation, advanced convergence indicators, etc. New features such as advanced biasing or neutron-induced activation simulation are under development. This article presents the past and future functionalities of RayXpert®.
Transient dielectric function dynamics driven by coherent phonons in Bismuth crystal
Authors: Boschetto Davide , Morineau Denis
Published: October 2024

In this study, we investigate the ultrafast transient dynamics of the dielectric function in bismuth crystal, excited by femtosecond laser pulses and modulated by coherent phonons. The primary aim is to understand the influence of the coherent A1g phonon mode on the dielectric function and to characterize the nature of the quasi-steady state that persists for tens of picoseconds after the coherent oscillations vanish. Our findings reveal that the dielectric function undergoes damped oscillations corresponding to the A1g phonon mode, with the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function oscillating out of phase but sharing the same frequency and lifetime as the oscillatory component. Once the oscillations vanish, the system reaches a quasi-steady state around 20 ps after excitation. In this state, the dielectric function deviates significantly from the values expected for the liquid phase, indicating that no phase transition occurs, even though the calculated lattice temperature exceeds the melting point of bismuth. To probe the nature of this quasi-steady state, we compare the transient dielectric function to equilibrium ellipsometry measurements taken at various temperatures, ranging from room temperature to temperatures approaching the melting point. This comparison allows us to estimate the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function as a function of temperature, particularly in a warmed state, where the crystal temperature is elevated but still below the melting threshold. The comparison reveals a clear discrepancy between the dielectric function values in the quasi-steady state and those measured in a thermally equilibrated warmed state. This suggests that the quasi-steady state cannot be solely attributed to crystal heating. Instead, we propose that the persistence of the quasi-steady state is because electron-hole recombination has not fully occurred within the measured time range.
Anisotropy of coherent phonon in Bismuth crystal
Authors: Boschetto Davide
Published: October 2024

In this article, we investigate the coherent A1g phonon mode in bismuth crystal using transient reflectivity measurements, focusing on two distinct crystallographic orientations: one with the principal axis ((1 1 1)-direction in the trigonal cell representation) perpendicular to the sample surface, and the other with the principal axis parallel to the surface. Our results demonstrate significant variations in the amplitude, frequency, and lifetime of the coherent phonon mode between these two orientations, even when identical pumping and probing conditions are applied. We attribute these differences to the anisotropy of the electron effective mass, which influences electron mobility and, in turn, affects the phonon dynamics in bismuth.
Genomic resources for the monitoring and management of Tometes trilobatus, Hoplias aimara and Myloplus rhomboidalis, three exploited freshwater fish species in French Guiana
Authors: Condachou Céline , Cuenot Yves , Pigeyre Laetitia , Covain Raphael , Vigouroux Régis , Brosse Sébastien , Murienne Jérôme
Published: October 2024

The Neotropical region, hosts a quarter of all freshwater fish species, while providing important food resources for local human populations. The management of neotropical freshwater ecosystems is thus of primary importance for both biodiversity conservation and local human sustainability. Recent technological advances in the field of genomics offer new tools for managers and practitioners to monitor entire fish assemblages using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, or to detect specific species or populations using targeted eDNA. The availability of species genomics information is thus crucial to implement eDNA monitoring methods. Nevertheless, specific primers allowing species-centred approaches are lacking for most species. In French Guiana, only 18 mitochondrial genomes of freshwater fishes have been published out of more than 400 species known from French Guiana. In this study, we provide genomic resources for Myloplus rhomboidalis (locally called Koumarou), Hoplias aimara (Aimara) and Tometes trilobatus (Pakou), three exploited fish species in French Guiana. We provide complete mitochondrial genomes and tools for the detection of the three fish species by developing a targeted species approach using digital PCR (dPCR) for each species.
Erratum: Deposition of insoluble calcium phosphate layers by combining finely dispersed calcium hydroxide sols with soluble phosphates
Authors: Tigrano Antonia , Ziegenbalg Gerald
Published: October 2024

The proceedings editor, while fixing formatting issues, inadvertently introduced inaccuracies within the chemical formulas and the authors names.

A corrected version of the article has been published.
Influence of the nozzle inclination during an assisted machining based on an orthogonal cutting configuration of a titanium alloy: A CFD modeling
Authors: Ben Belgacem I. , Cheikh L. , Khochtali H. , Barhoumi E.M , Ben Salem W
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the characteristics of a water jet impacting a stationary target, employing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations conducted with ABAQUS/CFD 6.14. Inspired by an orthogonal cutting configuration of a Ti6AL4V alloy during high-pressure water jet-assisted machining, the paper investigates the effect of nozzle inclination angles ranging from 6° to 81°. Utilizing the Finite Volume (FV) method, the jet impacts the target with an initial velocity of 223 m/s through a 0.7 mm diameter nozzle, positioned 6 mm away from the target center. Additionally, simulations were conducted for a 23° inclined jet to analyze the influence of nozzle diameter ’D’ across a range of 5 values from 0.3 mm to 1.1 mm, with a step of 0.2 mm. Turbulence phenomena are addressed using the K-ε model. Results indicate that a 23° inclination yields significant pressure values, enhancing chip fragmentation. Furthermore, recirculation phenomena intensify with inclination, highlighting the importance of nozzle diameter reduction for achieving a more laminar jet and precise injection, albeit with reduced cutting edge pressure. Moreover, the study introduces a novel approach to construct a new equivalent jet with modified boundary conditions to tackle fluid-structure coupling limitations, mitigating speed drops and turbulence phenomena. While thermal effects are excluded in this study, acknowledging the importance of sufficient cooling in machining operations, the findings provide valuable insights into the mechanical dynamics of machining processes. Additionally, the paper serves as a guideline for researchers, particularly those engaged in computational fluid dynamics within machining, shedding light on the underexplored area of numerical modeling of High-Pressure Lubrication (HPL) using software like Abaqus/CFD
Study of the influence of the substitution of natural aggregates by hardened cement aggregates in concrete and the exposure of concrete to a medium enriched with carbon dioxide
Authors: Kouassi Bleh Raoul Ulrich , Serifou Mamery Adama , Gboga Ouaga Jean Bruce Nataniel , Emeruwa Edjikémé
Published: October 2024

The valorization of waste is an excellent way to protect the environment. This study focuses on waste consisting of cement that has hardened before use. The goal of this study is to determine the conditions under which these can be valorized in concrete. These wastes are used as aggregates, referred to as Hardened Cement Aggregates (HCA). First, the density, granulometry, and impact resistance of these aggregates were measured and compared to those of natural aggregates (NTA). The results showed that natural aggregates have a bulk density and specific gravity more than 25% higher than those of HCA. However, this trend reverses when considering mechanical strength. Specifically, the Los Angeles and micro-Deval abrasion coefficients of NA are 10% and 18% lower, respectively, indicating better mechanical resistance than HCA. This difference in performance is attributed to the higher porosity within the structure of HCA. When evaluating the concrete, it was observed that the poor physical and mechanical properties of HCA adversely affected the concrete produced with them (HCAC). Therefore, the subsequent phase of the research aimed to identify conditions that could optimize the properties of HCAC. Samples of HCAC were cured in two different environments: plain water (control) and CO2-enriched water (carbonated environment). The results demonstrated that curing in the carbonated environment significantly improved the mechanical properties of HCAC by over 20%. This increase allowed the concrete to reach a compressive strength of 28 megapascals, which matches the strength of concrete made with natural aggregates (NAC). Consequently, hardened cement aggregates can effectively replace natural aggregates in concrete when used in a carbonated environment.
Therapeutic Potential of Nutraceuticals against Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Sethi Namya , Khokhar Manoj , Mathur Mitali , Batra Yashi , Mohandas Amal , Tomo Sojit , Rao Mahadev , Banerjee Mithu
Published: October 2024

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a major concern in clinical practice, thus necessitating a need for novel therapeutic approaches to alleviate its impact on hepatic function. This review investigates the therapeutic potential of nutraceuticals against DILI, focusing on examining the underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways. In preclinical and clinical studies, nutraceuticals, such as silymarin, curcumin, and N-acetylcysteine, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in attenuating liver injury induced by diverse pharmaceutical agents. The molecular mechanisms underlying these hepatoprotective effects involve modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic pathways. Furthermore, this review examines cellular routes affected by these nutritional components focusing on their influence on hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and stellate cells. Key evidence highlights that autophagy modulation as well as unfolded protein response are essential cellular processes through which nutraceuticals exert their cytoprotective functions. In conclusion, nutraceuticals are emerging as promising therapeutic agents for mitigating DILI, by targeting different molecular pathways along with cell processes involved in it concurrently.
Updates on Common Mononeuropathies
Authors: Cornejo Angelica , Vo Mary L.
Published: October 2024

This article provides an overview of the most common mononeuropathies. It includes a description of the neuroanatomy and function of each nerve which allows clinical localization of the lesion. It also describes the clinical presentation, findings in electrodiagnostic studies, updates in imaging including neuromuscular ultrasound and magnetic resonance neurography, and recommended treatment. While mononeuropathies may be part of polyneuropathy, this scenario is beyond the scope of this article. The most common mononeuropathy is carpal tunnel syndrome. Its prevalence in the United States is estimated at 50 per 1,000. The second most common entrapment neuropathy is ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. The incidence was calculated as 20.9% in a 2005 study. The most common compressive neuropathy of the lower extremity is peroneal neuropathy. Other common mononeuropathies included in this article are radial neuropathy, tibial neuropathy, and femoral neuropathy.
Effect of bedding application and air change rates on environmental ammonia concentrations for intensively housed beef cattle
Authors: Hanafi I. N. , Tait L. A. , Cowley F. C. , Morton J. M. , Creevey S. , Wilkes J.
Published: October 2024

Context Manure deposition during livestock export voyages contributes to air ammonia levels, potentially affecting human and animal health if not managed. Mitigation strategies may include increased air change rates and application of bedding. Aim This study examined the effect of bedding application rate (BAR) and air change rate (ACH) on air ammonia (NH3) concentrations and pad properties, including pad surface condition, pH, moisture, and pad ammonium (NH4+) concentrations, for intensively housed beef cattle. Methods Six 7-day runs were conducted with 72 Bos indicus cross steers (mean liveweight ± s.d. = 338 ± 32 kg) housed in respiration chambers by using a 3 × 3 factorial design. The BARs were set to 0%, 50%, and 100% of the Australian Standards for the Export of Livestock (ASEL), and ACH were varied at 20, 35, and 52. Air NH3 was measured twice daily at three heights. Pad surface condition was collected with the first air NH3 measurement. Video footage captured standing and lying behaviours for each steer. Pad samples were collected on the final day for pad chemical analysis. Key results The ACH of 20 changes per hour resulted in higher air NH3 concentration than ACH of 35 and 52. Higher BAR led to lower pad pH and moisture, with slightly lower pad NH4+ concentration in 100% and 50% BAR than 0% BAR. Although air NH3 concentration on Day 7 was positively correlated with pad NH4+ concentration, BAR had no marked effect on air NH3 concentration (within the temperature range of this experiment). Drier and firmer pad surfaces were associated with each high BAR and high ACH. Moreover, high BAR increased the frequency of lying behaviour in steers. Conclusions These findings indicated that NH3 can be mitigated by optimising air changes to minimise air NH3 concentration and utilising bedding to minimise pad NH4+. This offers practical solutions for intensively housed beef cattle, such as livestock export voyages to improve human and animal welfare onboard. Implications The study results emphasised the importance of optimising ACH to maintain low air NH3 concentrations in livestock export conditions. Although there was no evidence that BAR affects air NH3 directly, it reduced pad NH4+ and improved pad conditions for overall animal comfort and environmental quality in confined housing with sufficient air changes.