bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSURANCE WAQF PHENOMENCES IN THE INSURABLE INTEREST PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Habibaty Diana Mutia , Lathif Ah Azharuddin
Published: January 2021

Waqf insurance is a new breakthrough in the field of waqf and sharia insurance. This product collaborates between waqf and insurance products. The insurance waqf product is considered contrary to one of the insurance principles, namely the principle of insurable interest (Insurable Interest Principle). This principle states that the insured party (the insured / insurance participant) must have an interest in the object of insurance (life / object). This principle was born because everyone insures himself / his property because the person / property has the risk of being damaged / lost, whereas if someone chooses to have waqf or not, it does not actually pose any risk. This study uses an empirical approach in which an analysis of the Islamic waqf insurance contract is carried out and compares it with the basic principles of insurance. In addition, interviews were conducted with experts to deepen the study under study. The results of the study state that waqf insurance products in Sharia insurance can be used as part of insurance products by following the provisions of the DSN-MUI fatwa NO.106 / DSN-MUI / X / 2016 concerning Waqf Insurance Benefits and Investment Benefits in Sharia Insurance. By referring to this fatwa, the waqf insurance product has fulfilled the principle of insurable interest by stating that the maximum waqf that can be made on the insurance waqf product is 45%, while the other 55% is returned to the insurance participant or the beneficiary (if the insurance participant dies before the insurance contract is completed. ) as a form of risk mitigation and implementing the principle of insurable interest.
Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Malaysian obese adults
Authors: Shahadan Siti Zuhaidah , Daud Azlina , Md Isa Muhammad Lokman , Deraman Samsul , Ibrahim Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Obese adults are associated with increased cardiometabolic risk (CMR). The study aims to investigate the prevalence of CMR factor abnormalities in obese adults in Kuantan. Methods: Seventy-six obese adults with a mean (standard deviation) age of 33.7 years (9.8 years) participated in this study. All participants had a waist circumference (WC) measured, blood pressure (BP) taken, and assessment of fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile (LP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level. Results: For CMR factors, the mean values for WC was 97.2 ± 9.6 cm, mean overall BP was 119 ± 15/76 ± 11 mmHg, mean FBG level was 4.8 ± 0.5 mmol/L and the mean of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) was 5.4 ± 1.0 mmol/L and 1.4 ± 0.7 mmol/L, respectively. Lastly, the mean of hs-CRP was 6.0 ± 6.1 mg/L. The CMR factors with the highest prevalence of abnormal values included WC (male 100%; female 98%) and TC (male 73.1%; female 52%) for both genders, systolic BP (50%) and TG level (61.5%) for male, and hs-CRP level (68%) for female. Out of the nine CMR factors measured, five CMR risk factors were shown to have a high prevalence of abnormalities. Conclusions: The present study suggests that obese adults in Kuantan have multiple CMR factor abnormalities. A larger trial, sensibly informed of this trial, can now build upon and confirm these results.
Development of the malay digit triplet test via headphones and telephones as a national hearing screening tool in Malaysia
Authors: Jamaluddin Saiful Adli , O'beirne Greg A. , Hanafiah Nurlin Ali , Rahmat Sarah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: This study aimed to develop a self-administered hearing screening test using digit triplets in Malay (MDTT) to be used as a national hearing screening tool via internet and telephone landlines in Malaysia. Methods: Recordings of disyllabic Malay digits by a female Malay native speaker were used together with a speech shaped stationary noise (TSN). The test stimuli were normalized using responses from twenty normal hearing native Malay speakers. The data were used to produce eight equivalent test lists. An additional twenty normal hearing native Malay speakers were recruited to test the lists equivalency. Forty six listeners with varying levels of hearing were recruited to validate the tests. ROC analysis was done to identify the pass and refer cut-off limits. Results: No statistical differences were found between lists for both test conditions. The evaluation in fixed SNRs resulted in a mean speech reception threshold (SRT) of -11.3 ± 0.34 dB SNR for headphone and -10.24 ± 0.1 dB SNR for telephone applications. A significant main effect of type of transducer was observed in both normal and hearing impaired groups. The cut off for refer, sensitivity and specificity for the tests using telephones are (-5.8dB, 80.8%, 95%) and headphones (-9.8dB, 80.8%, 100%). Conclusions: The MDTT was successfully developed and the normative values are comparable to other versions of the digit triplet tests. The MDTT showed high sensitivity and specificity and can be made available to any Malay speaking public via telephone and internet.
Model of a critical size defect in the New Zealand White rabbit’s tibia
Authors: Che Seman Che Nor Zarida , Zakaria Zamzuri , Mohamed Amin Mohamed Azril , Awang Mohd Shukrimi , Mohd Yusof Nazri , Buyong Zunariah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Critical size defects (CSD) in the long bones of New Zealand White rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) have been used for years as an experimental model for investigation of the effectiveness of a new bone substitute materials. There are varieties of protocols available in the literature. This technical note attempts to present an alternative surgical technique of a CSD in the New Zealand white rabbit tibia. Methods: Thirty-nine New Zealand White rabbits were used in this study. A CSD of approximately 4.5 mm (width) X 9.0 mm (length) was surgically drilled at the proximal tibial metaphysis, approximately 1 cm from the knee joint. The surrounding of soft tissue was repositioned and sutured layer by layer with bio absorbable surgical suture. Povidone soaked gauze and bandage were used as a dressing. There is no control group used in this study. Results: This alternative method created good CSD with less bleeding from the muscle observed. No mortality on other surgical complications were observed within 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks following surgery. Conclusions: A simple and safe method for performing critical size defect was demonstrated and recommended as an approach for surgery on New Zealand White rabbits.
Tualang honey improves non alcoholic steatohepatitis animal model
Authors: Abdul Ghani Azril Shahreez , Abdullah Nor Zamzila , Muhammad Siti Aesah @ Naznin , Abdul Rahim Roslina
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) is an emerging chronic liver disease with limited therapy available. Studies utilizing animal models induced with cholesterol diet ranging from 1-2% are hampered by inconsistent yield of NASH features. Therefore, we aimed to establish a NASH animal model utilizing 12% cholesterol diet (CD) and to investigate the effects of Tualang honey (TH) known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties in this model. Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups (12% CD and standard diet) and were fed for 6 weeks. Following the establishment of NASH, the rats in the 12% CD group were subsequently divided into 3 groups. The first group was continued with only 12% CD. In the other 2 groups in addition to the 12% CD they were given TH treatment at different concentrations (1.2 and 2.4 g/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Blood biochemical analysis and histological assessment of liver were subsequently performed. Results: The liver histological sections of the rats fed with 12% CD showed macrovesicular steatosis, ballooning degeneration with lobular and portal inflammation. They also had increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Meanwhile, the TH treatment groups exhibited significant improvement in both the NASH grading and activity scores. The ALT, LDL-C, TC, triglyceride (TG), fasting insulin and HOMA-IR levels were reduced significantly. Conclusions: The 12% CD was able to induce NASH in the animal model. Tualang honey improved insulin sensitivity, dyslipidaemia, steatohepatitis.
Determination of ultra-morphological changes of Trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
Authors: Ridzuan P.M , Mohamad Nasir , Ismail Salwani , A. Rahman Nor Iza , Khalili R. Mohd Adzim , Aini H. Hairul , B. Zunariah , Norazian M. H. , Roesnita Baharudin
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Trichophyton rubrum is a common pathogenic fungal species that is responsible for causing infection of human skin, hair and nail. The antifungal-resistant strains however, complicate the treatment regime. Hydroxychavicol (HC) is one of the main compounds from the Piper betel leaf that have antifungal potential and its mechanism of action has yet to be studied. This study was carried out to determine the antifungal properties of HC against Trichophyton rubrum using transmission electron microscope (TEM) on gross and ultrastructure of Trichophyton rubrum hypha. Methods: Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of HC and miconazole (MI) against the Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 28188). Trichophyton rubrum was treated with HC and MI at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days continuously. Results: The MIC results of the HC and MI against Trichophyton rubrum were 0.00048 mg/mL and 0.000061 mg/mL respectively. MFC results showed 0.0019 mg/mL for HC and 0.000061 mg/mL for MI. Microscopically, the fungi structures became more severely damaged at increasing treatment duration. The cell wall of the fungi treated with HC showed a rough surface, shrinkage and demolition similar to that of the MI treated group. The fungi organelles were also demolished and disorganized. Conclusions: This study reveals that HC has the ability to inhibit Trichophyton rubrum growth and it has the potential to be an antifungal agent especially in treating dermatitis.
The mid term functional outcomes of NexGen legacy posterior stabilized flex fixed bearing total knee replacement in primary osteoarthritis
Authors: Japar Khan Ed Simor Khan Mor , Abdul Rani Rizal , Mohd Ariff Mohd Ashraff , Siron@Baharom Khairul Nizam , Noor Rahin Mohd Shahidan , Mohd Yahaya Nor Hamdan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: To evaluate the midterm functional outcomes of patients who had undergone total knee replacement (TKR) using posterior stabilized (PS) fixed bearing system from January 2005 until April 2006 for primary osteoarthritis of the knees. Methods: A retrospective study was done on forty-six patients, 87% female (n= 40) and 13% male (n=6), aged 54 to 81 years old (mean 69 ± 5.69) who had undergone primary TKR using the NexGen LPS-Flex Zimmer Warsaw. The patients were followed up for at least five years. A medial parapatellar approach and cemented posterior stabilized fixed bearing TKR system were used performed by one of two arthroplasty surgeons. All patients followed the same rehabilitation protocol post-operatively. Assessments were done using Oxford-12 knee scoring questionnaire to evaluate knee function and SF-36 to assess quality of life outcomes. Results: Oxford knee score revealed patients had lower (better) than average scores in terms of function (score 14.35 ± 4.21 out of 35) and pain (score 9.28 ± 3.01 out of 25). Analysis on the quality of life outcome score with SF-36 revealed a higher (better) score for mental component summary (MCS) relative to physical component summary (PCS). Patients had the highest score for role emotional (RE), followed by mental health (MH), and social functioning (SF). Conclusions: The NexGen LPS-Flex TKR produced a good functional outcome with minimal pain in the operated knee with better mental compared to physical health of patients in the midterm period post-total knee replacement.
The Quality of Life and Functional Outcome of Hindfoot Reconstructive Surgery in Charcot Foot
Authors: Zainudin Mohd Hijaz , Ayeop Mohd Adham Shah , Ahmad Aminudin Che
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Charcot foot problem is devastating and a difficult condition to treat. There are limited data and study regarding the quality of life and functional outcome of Charcot foot being treated surgically. This study evaluates the outcome of Charcot foot treated with reconstructive surgery. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that compares the quality of life and functional outcome of patient with Charcot foot pre and post tibio-talar-calcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis surgery at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan and International Islamic University Malaysia Medical Centre between 2016 and 2018. Patients were evaluate using SF-36 scores and AOFAS scores pre and post-operative at average of 6 months (range between 3 to 9 months). Results: Thirty patients had undergone reconstructive foot and ankle surgery using hindfoot arthrodesis nail (HAN) for TTC arthrodesis. The outcome was assessed using paired t-test comparing pre and postoperative for both SF-36 and AOFAS scores. The SF-36 components had significant improvement with a mean of 35 to 45.6 for physical component (PCS) and 46.6 to 52.5 for mental component (MCS) (p<0.0001). The overall AOFAS score had significant improvement from average of 36 to 57.8 out of 100 (p<0.0001). Pain component of AOFAS shows lower score of improvement. Two patients had suffered ulceration post operatively that requires multiple debridement and exostectomy with one patient requires removal of HAN eventually. Conclusions: Tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis using HAN surgery improves the quality of life and functional outcome of Charcot foot.
Utility of Small Molecule TLR4 Antagonist (+)-Naltrexone in Suppression Of Preterm Birth Induced In Mice By Platelet Activating Factor
Authors: Roberston Sarah , Wahid Hanan Hamimi
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Microbial and sterile triggers of inflammation can activate Toll-like receptors (TLR) to initiate synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines that in turn drive the parturition cascade leading to preterm delivery (PTD). Platelet activating factor (PAF) has been identified as a key endogenous sterile inflammatory trigger that is elevated in the amniotic fluid in both normal and PTD in human. Intrauterine administration of PAF in mice results in PTD. We investigated the role of TLR4 in PAF-induced PTD. Materials and Methods: BALB/c females were administered PAF or vehicle i.p on gestational day (gd) 16.5, followed by treatment with the small molecule TLR4 antagonist, (+)-Naltrexone, or vehicle control. Mice were observed for PTD, and in the absence of PTD mice were killed on gd 18.5 and implantation sites, fetal viability and fetal and placental weights were determined. Results: PAF administration lead to PTD in 64% (9/14 mice), with reduced numbers of viable fetuses compared to vehicle controls. (+)- Naltrexone administration to mice given PAF was able to prevent PAF-induced PTD and viable fetuses were comparable in number to control groups. Secondly, wildtype and Tlr4-/- BALB/c female mice were mated to males of the same genotype, and were challenged with PAF or vehicle on gd 16.5. Tlr4-/- females had 17% (2/12 mice) of PTD, with the number of viable fetuses similar to wildtype females when administered with PAF, suggesting that PAF may activate TLR4- independent pathways to drive fetal inflammatory injury. Conclusion: PAF is a clear mediator of inflammation-driven PTD, through TLR4-dependent and TLR4- independent pathways.
Ethical Considerations in Exploiting, Culturing and Killing Fish towards Animal Rights in Islam
Authors: Rahman M.M , Yunus Kamaruzzaman , Alenezi Raslan
Published: January 2021

Human show cruelty to fish during exploiting, culturing, killing, experimentation and amusement. Presently, overexploitation of marine fishes is a serious problem worldwide. More than 50% of total fish production is now raised in aquafarms where many fish suffer from parasitic infections, diseases, and debilitating injuries in culture systems. Every year, millions of fish are caught in nets and on hooks. Many of them are tortured just for sports. Fishes are also regularly used for scientific experiments. Many of them are killed by unethical ways. Among all animals, human is the main culprits in causing harms to animals including fishes by damaging their ecosystems. To secure animal rights, modern bio-ethics started to be developed in the last century. The principle of modern bio-ethics is very similar to the principle of Islamic bio-ethics. Therefore, modern bio-ethics might be guided by Islamic bio-ethics, which was well established in the 7th century. According to Islam, God gave the human being responsibility to look after animals, to protect them, and not to abuse or threaten them. Human is not permitted to kill animals just for sports or amusements. God created the universe in a perfect balance and human should not disturb this. Therefore, human may exploit and culture food (fish and other organisms) and ornaments without destroying aquatic ecosystems. Islam prescribes a set of rules to treat animals with the utmost kindness and compassion. However, Islamic direction can be integrated with science to ensure minimum stress, pain and suffering when killing animals including fishes.
Fundamentals of the Islamic Medical Philosophy
Authors: Shogar Shogar , A Ibrahim
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to advocate for a holistic medical philosophy that is capable of accommodating various models of medical explanations. Such a comprehensive and integrated approach of medical philosophy should be capable of addressing, the ethical, epistemological and metaphysical aspects of medical research and practice. The basic presupposition of the paper is that the Islamic principles on health promotion can play an important role in developing such a holistic medical philosophy. Adopting the analytic method, the paper investigates the three major frameworks of explanation that dominated the history of medical philosophy: (a) the humoral model that is based on balance of the humors; (b) the biocentric model which is based on causal explanation and defines disease in descriptive biological terms; and (c) the postmodern or meta-biocentric model that concerned mainly with the medical philosophy and aims at promoting the holistic approach. This paper, also, investigates the three basic forms of medical explanations which are determined by the above domains, i.e. the descriptive, the normative, and the integrated models. The paper traces the impact of explanation methods on good medical practices and explores the Islamic medical philosophy and its potential role in promoting the holistic approach. Along the way, the paper discusses the ideal relationship between physician and patient according to the Islamic perspective.
Primary Jejunal Intussusception in Pregnancy: Clinical Challenges in Management
Authors: Bahrudin Sharhanin , Basheerb Am , Mohamad Siti Hartinie
Published: January 2021

Intussusception is a common cause of abdominal pain in paediatric age group but infrequent in adults. We reported a 29-year-old lady, Gravida 2 para 1 with no known medical illness presented to the hospital at 35 weeks of gestations with complaint of abdominal pain and persistent nausea and vomiting. She had bilious vomiting more than 5 times a day which aggravated by food intake and epigastric pain. She also complained of had not passing flatus with no bowel opening 3 days prior to presentation. At presentation, she was dehydrated however not in shock and her vital signs were within normal range. Abdominal examination revealed mild tenderness over epigastric region without guarding. There was an evidence of electrolytes imbalance and kidney injury on her blood investigation. She was induced for labour due to lack of evidence of fetal signals. On day 2 post partum, she still complaining of persistent bilious vomiting, otherwise no abdominal pain. Radiologically, there is evidence to support a small bowel obstruction. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, intraoperatively noted presence of jejuno-jejunal intussusception closely related to duodenal-jejunal junction with 130cm of bowel involved in the intussusception were noted to be gangrene. Conclusion: Adult bowel intussusception is an uncommon and challenging condition for the surgeon. Intussusception in pregnancy is rare and difficult to diagnose. Preoperative diagnosis is usually missed or delayed. Abdominal CT is considered as the most sensitive imaging modality in the diagnosis of intussusception. However in pregnancy, the choice of imaging modality is ultrasonography.
Identification of Celiac Trunk Variations using Multi-Detector Computed Tomographic Angiography
Authors: Moneeb Enam H. , M. Nafie Emad , Hassan Radhiana
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Variation in celiac trunk is common and has importance in preoperative planning to reduce the risk of accidental vascular injuries during surgical and radiological intervention. Our aim was to measure the prevalence of coeliac trunk types and describe its different variations using MDCT angiography among patients in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan. Materials and method: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted. Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA) images were retrieved from July till December 2017. Images were reconstructed in 3D Volume Rendering (VR) format using workstation and reviewed for the normal and anatomical variations of the celiac trunk. The variations were classified using Uflacker’s classification. The results were calculated using IBM SPSS statistic version 22. Results: A total of 140 cases were found, from which 23 were excluded. Mean age was 57.3 years and male/female percentage was 65.8/34.2. Anatomical variation of the CT was found in 54 (46.2%) cases. The most common variation was the origin of inferior phrenic artery (IPA) from the CT in 21 (17.9%) cases followed by celiac-colic trunk in 15 (12.8%) cases. However, 31 (26.5%) cases displayed variations not described in Uflacker’s classification. They include celiaco-phrenic trunk, coexistence of IPA with other Uflacker’s variations, Buhler arc, accessory hepatic artery from the CT and coexistence of celiac-colic trunk with gastro-splenic and hepato-splenic trunk in one case each. Conclusion: Accurate knowledge and identification of anatomical variations in CT is crucial before undergoing any surgical or invasive imaging procedure. This can help surgeons and interventional radiologists to prevent accidental vascular injuries and perform a safe procedure.
Effectiveness of Smartphone Application in Improving Knowledge on Under-Five Childhood Immunization Schedule amongst Parents in Selected Nurseries
Authors: Rusli Mohammad Farhan , Mohd Zulkefli Nor Afiah , Juni Muhammad Hanafiah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Knowledge on under-five childhood immunization has been identified as a key factor in determining understanding and compliance to the schedule. Understanding the current levels of knowledge and introducing a health intervention to improve the level will benefit the population to be healthier and reduce morbidity. Materials and Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in nurseries in Putrajaya and Cyberjaya, Malaysia from January 2016 to January 2018. 98 respondents from Putrajaya were given the technology based intervention and 98 from Cyberjaya were the wait-listed control group. Respondents answered a validated, self-administered questionnaire at baseline, immediate post-intervention and 3 months post-intervention that were specifically targeted to examine their levels of knowledge on under five childhood intervention. Results: Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 23. The level of knowledge at baseline was 58.9% for the intervention group and 61.7% for the control group with no significant difference between both groups (p=0.651). Immediate post intervention showed a significant difference (p<0.001) between the intervention group (97.7%) and control group (54.9%). As for 3 months post-intervention the intervention group was 95.5% and the control was at 85.1% (p<0.001). Conclusion: The level of knowledge improved after receiving the health intervention module and was effective in the increasing of knowledge among the respondents. However, there are still gaps in research that must be addressed in future studies to help further improve knowledge on under-five childhood immunization schedule.
Systolic Time Interval (STI) in Hypothyroid Patients Receiving High Dose L-Thyroxine
Authors: Zakaria Nurul Aulia , Pasi Hafizah , Shahar Mohammad Arif
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Systolic Time Interval (STI) is a simple,noninvasive and precise technique to assess left ventricular (LV) function. It measures aortic Pre-Ejection Period (PEP) over Left Ventricular Ejection Time (LVET) from echocardiogram. Thyrotoxicosis will enhance LV function and cause reduction of STI.  This study was perform to measure the changes of STI after administration of high dose L-thyroxine and to determine the correlation between high dose L-thyroxine administration and STI. Materials and Method: A Total of 22 patients were screened. Those with cardiac diseases and high Framingham risk score were excluded. Nine patients were started on high dose L-thyroxine (7x their usual dose) once a week during the month of Ramadan.Thyroid hormones ( T3,T4,TSH)Â  and STI (PEP/LVET) were measured at baseline and within 24 hrs after high dose L-thyroxine ingestion. Results: All patients have normal thyroid hormones level and normal cardiac function at baseline. The median dose (mcg) of L-thyroxine was 600 (437.5,700) while the median level of fT4 (pmol/L) was 17.43(12.38,20.8). Despite the significant increment of fT4 after Lthyroxine ingestion [baseline 13.21(8.19,14.63) vs high dose 17.43(12.38,22.55) p; 0.011] there was no significant change in STI [baseline 0.3(0.2,0.4) vs high dose 0.28(0.26,0.45) p; 0.513]. There was no correlation found between the dose of Lthyroxine and STI (r=0.244 , p;0.526).  Conclusion: Administration of high dose Lthyroxine did not significantly alter STI despite significant increment of fT4 level unlike the naturally occurring thyrotoxicosis.Therefore ‘exogenous’ administration of high dose L-thyroxine is cardiac safe.
Prevalence of Risks for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Its Risk Factors among Adults Attending Government Primary Health Clinics in Kuantan
Authors: Hamzah Azwan Faiz Amir , Md Aris Mohd Aznan , Abdullah Fa'iza , Asha'ari Zamzil Amin
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a sleep related breathing disorder with recurrent episodes of apnoea or hypopnoea occurring during sleep. It is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and prone to accidents. However, there is no applicable study that assess the risk for OSA at the primary care level. Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of risk for OSA and OSA symptoms and its associated risk factors among adults attending primary care clinics. Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 252 adults attending four Klinik Kesihatan in Kuantan, Pahang. The inclusion criteria was adults age 30 years old and above. The exclusion criteria were a known case of Hypothyroidism, Depression and pregnancy. A self-administered validated Malay version of Berlin Questionnaire(BQ) was used to screen for high risk of OSA. The statistical analyses were done using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Results: Majority of the respondents were male (54%), Malay (87.7%), and married (79.4%). The prevalence of High Risk for OSA was 32.9%. Among these, 94% of them presented with snoring and 16.9% presented with excessive daytime sleepiness. Among male, Malay and married; 48%, 32.6% and 36.5% respectively was shown to be High Risk for OSA. The risk factors that were found significantly associated with High Risk of OSA includes younger age (AOR=0.951 CI=0.923-0.980); higher BMI classification with obese type 1 (AOR=2.604 CI=1.278-5.308), obese type 2 (AOR=3.882 CI=1.078-13.975) and obese type 3 (AOR=6.800 CI=1.164-39.717); higher neck circumference (AOR=1.109 CI=1.007-1.221); hypertension (AOR=2.297 CI=1.122-4.702); and hypercholestrolaemia (AOR=2.040 CI=1.050-3.965). Conclusions:  This study shows that nearly one third of the adults attending primary health clinic are at High Risk for OSA and nearly 17% of them presented with excessive daytime sleepiness. Further study need to be carry out particularly among those of younger age, higher BMI classification, and with co-morbidities.
B Cell Lymphoma of Thoracic Vertebrae: A Great Mimicker
Authors: Wan Mustapha Wan Irfan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant neoplasm affecting multiple systems in which extranodal NHL represents 10-20% of all NHL. Case report: This is a case of 45-year-old female with no known medical illness who presented with progressive numbness of bilateral lower limbs since March 2016 which subsequently progress to loss of motor power since November 2016. She initially was diagnosed as tuberculous (TB) spondylitis which then turned out to be B cell lymphoma of the thoracic vertebra. The diagnosis was confirmed on histopatological examination (HPE) after patient underwent laminectomy of T3-T7 vertebra bodies and excision biopsy with removal of the casseous material. Due to a lack of specific findings, the diagnosis of vertebral NHL is often missed or delayed. It warrants attention that NHL of thoracic vertebra may be misdiagnosed as TB spondylitis due to their similarities and sometimes the imaging features may simulate and overlap each other. The main treatment for vertebral NHL is chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both. Surgery maybe necessary if patient has story of neurological deficits. However patient was treated conservatively as she refused chemotherapy.
Increasing Neonatal Healthcare Productivity using Clinical Reasoning Coaching Tools
Authors: Mohamed Mossad AbdelHak Shaban , Halawa Taher , Hidayat Taufiq , Abu Bakar Asrar , Anuar Azamin , Visvakumar Maurie
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Productivity in medical field has inherent value in terms of improving our lives, which can expand our economies. Productivity in medicine has many aspects including improving clinical diagnostic skills, safety, and quality and quantity care. This study will assess whether early exposure to structured clinical reasoning coaching tools would improve their clinical decision making and productivity. Research question: Does clinical reasoning coaching tools Increase neonatal healthcare productivity? Materials and method: Medical practitioners recently joined neonatal units will participate over 2 years in an innovative series of clinical reasoning coaching sessions blended with virtual patients. Practitioners will be exposed to many teaching methods during the neonatal training that includes lectures, bedside teaching sessions and small group discussions beside website continuous contact for learning and chairing skills. Teaching series scope should cover resuscitating sick neonates, handling ventilators either conventional or high frequency, practicing common neonatal procedures, dealing with common neonatal scenarios, infection control policy and, effective communication skills The evaluation sessions will be introduced at the beginning of their training, during the course and at the end of the clerkship to assess their improving productivity, using diagnostic thinking inventory(DTI). Selection of the medical practitioners will be based on either on stratified random sampling or cohort control depending on the funding and logistic. All items will be analysed advanced statistical analysis methods. Results: The coaching tool may yield dramatic impact, allowing the innovators to be more productive. Suggesting widely utilize it for nurses, undergraduate and postgraduate medical Subspecialty. Conclusion: The research hypothesis is assuming that DTI scores and productivity will be higher after the coaching sessions as rated by the candidate’s performance.
Issues on Purification of Surgical Instruments Practice from Najasah (Najis) of a Dog
Authors: Ariffin Mohd Ariffullah , Soldin Aizat , Awang Shukrimi
Published: January 2021

Introduction: From Quran, dogs were mentioned several times in different perspectives. Surah  al-Maidah , informs that a hunting dog’s catch is lawful to be eaten. An authentic hadith about a prostitute who gave water to a dog and her sins were forgiven and was promised heaven. Case report: MrJ, 35 years old gentleman, sustained 3cm x 2cm over left leg following a dog bite. Patient underwent emergency operation and appropriate antibiotic given. After operation, the nurse had washed entire surgical instruments with taharah soap, washed it again six times with water and followed by enzymatic detergent before sending for autoclaving.  Discussion: The status of dog impurities and how to clean it derived from hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah:  ‘Rasulullah PBUH said: ‘Cleaning a utensil that has been licked by a dog is by washing it seven times and one of the washing cycle is mixed with soil”. Majority Muslims in Malaysia follow Shafi'i sect, where dog’s saliva and all its body are considered ritually mughallazah. Thus, if touched, they are required to cleanse the body part that came into contact with a specific Islamic ritual as mentioned. Up to date, there is no official guideline from KKM or JAKIM related to this. Surgical instruments used for the operation related to dog bite injury were not in direct contact with the dog. This practice imposes unnecessary steps for staffs. Apart from that, there are no study done on the effect of commercially manufactured soil-based soap to surgical instruments. The information regarding content also unclear. Surgical instruments are sensitive and expensive, thus improper handling can expedite damage to the instruments. Conclusion:  KKM and JAKIM are recommended to produce SOP regarding this issue. Effort should be done to produce medical grade soil-based cleansing agent. Study should be done to evaluate the safety to surgical instruments.
The Impact of Paediatric Anaesthesia Information Leaflet in Reducing Parental and Child Anxiety in Paediatric Surgery
Authors: Abdul Wahid Marni Mahfuzah
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The process of anaesthesia is one of the most important anxiety precipitating factors for both parent and child who is going for operation. Parental anxiety may adversely affect the children during perioperative period. Studies have shown that anxious parents would want to be provided with more information prior to their child’s surgery. We examined the effects of additional paediatric information leaflet on parents and children in reducing pre-operation anxiety.  Materials and methods: This was a randomized controlled trial involving 70 parentchild dyads in Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II (HRPZ II), Kelantan. Inclusion criteria were child aged 3 to 12 years old who underwent elective surgery. Parents were assigned to intervention and control groups. The former received the information leaflet and the later received standard preparation.. Parents were compared on their anxiety level using Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21) (anxiety domain) in the holding area. Children were compared on their emotional state level before induction of anaesthesia using Children’s Emotional Manifestation Scale (CEMS).  Results:  The number of parents who were anxious was similar in both groups (11 (31%) vs. 7 (21%), p =.34). There were no differences in the children’s anxiety state between interventional and control groups as depicted by the CEMS score (7.5 (6.0-9.75) vs. 8.0 (7.0-15.0),  p= .12). Conclusion: Parent-child dyads in HRPZ II did not show improvement in the anxiety level with the inclusion of paediatric anaesthesia information leaflet. Further study is needed with larger number of participants involving other selected tertiary hospitals in Malaysia.
Advanced Sacral Chordoma: A Multidisciplinary Team Approach
Authors: Yi Kow Ren , Kamisan Saiful Azlan , Liang Goh Kian , Hamdan Asmah Hanim , Md Ralib@Md Raghib Ahmad Razali
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Sacral chordomas are rare, low-grade and slow growing malignant bone tumours arising from the sacral bone. They are locally aggressive with the tendency to metastasize to the lungs. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment of sacral chordomas. However, most patients presented late with large tumours and intra-abdominal extension making en bloc resection highly challenging. Besides that, surgical resection poses risk of injury to the surrounding structures such as major blood vessels, bladder, ureters and rectum due to their proximity to the tumour. Therefore, multidisciplinary team approach is vital in ancipitating possible complications and preventing surgical morbidity. We present a case of advanced sacral chordoma which has been successfully resected with the assistance of pre-operative selective arterial embolization as a pre-emptive therapy. Case report: A 58-year-old lady presented with a large sacral chordoma (17.17 cm x 27.3 cm x 30.5 cm) with sacral erosion, infiltration to gluteus maximus, medius and minimus muscles and lung metastasis. A decision to perform a surgical resection was made to alleviate the pain secondary to sacral nerve compression. Anticipating massive bleeding intra-operatively, pre-operative arterial embolization was performed involving one branch of right internal iliac artery as well as five branches of left internal and external iliac arteries using endovascular coils. The tumour was resected with partial sacrectomy from S2 and below. Intra-operatively, 6 pints of packed cells were transfused with estimated blood loss of 4 litres. The patient recovered well after the surgery. She was pain-free post-operatively with no lower limb neurological deficit. Conclusion: Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for sacral chordoma. Pre-operative selective arterial embolization can reduce intra-operative bleeding and avoid a potentially convoluted surgery.
Вильнюсский старообрядческий Покровский храм как памятник культурного наследия: архитектурные особенности и городской ландшафт
Authors: Potašenko Grigorijus
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyze and interpret the architectural features of the Pomorian Pokrovsky church in Vilnius as a monument of cultural heritage. Pokrovsky church is one of the largest and most valuable part of this Old Believers complex and the cultural heritage of the Old Believers in Vilnius. Neoclassicism with its symmetry and restrained elegance dominates on the exterior of this church. In 1905-1906, after the construction of the church bell tower appeared bright features of the neo-Russian style. These two architectural styles harmoniously complement each other and give the Pokrovsky church a unique identity that distinguishes it from all other Old Believers churches in Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Poland.
Manipulacyjne wykorzystanie słowa park w nazwach osiedli mieszkaniowych
Authors: Makuchowska Marzena
Published: January 2021

Artykuł opisuje częste obecnie zjawisko wykorzystywania w celach komercyjnych słowa park w nazwach obiektów miejskich, głównie osiedli mieszkaniowych. Nazwy te łudzą obietnicą życia w korzystnych warunkach, przesłaniając fakt, że ich budowanie nieodłącznie wiąże się z uszczuplaniem terenów zielonych w mieście. Firmy deweloperskie przenoszą na tworzone przez siebie nazwy wysoce pozytywne asocjacje, jakie wywołuje tradycyjnie rozumiany park, pierwsza część artykułu przedstawia więc treści semantyczne, które składają się na to pojęcie. Część druga pokazuje, w jaki sposób deweloperzy uzasadniają swe nazwy, kreując ich związek z realnymi cechami lokalizacji lub architektury osiedli, a także łącząc wyraz park z innymi jednostkami leksykalnymi o pozytywnych konotacjach. W konsekwencji słowo park traci na precyzji i samodzielności semantycznej, co otwiera drogę nieporozumieniom, ale także manipulacji i przemocy komunikacyjnej.
Jak kultura popularna wkracza na okładki publikacji popularnonaukowych
Authors: Piekarczyk Dorota
Published: January 2021

Zadaniem artykułu jest analiza tego, jak, w jakim celu i z jakim skutkiem elementy kultury popularnej przedostają się do komunikacji popularnonaukowej, która sytuuje się w ramach dyskursu uznawanego za wyższy – dyskursu naukowego. Autorka, wychodząc od ukazania roli, jaką obecnie w społeczeństwie odgrywa kultura popularna, koncentruje się sposobach odwołania do niej na okładkach publikacji popularnonaukowych, co jest obecnie mocno zaznaczającą się tendencją. Analizy wskazują, że sięganie po gatunki, motywy czy środki znane z kultury popularnonaukowej jest dla wydawców poręcznym narzędziem perswazji, które ułatwia realizacje celów okładki jako „zaproszenia do wnętrza”. Obserwacja współczesnych okładek pozwala stwierdzić, że poczynania wydawców idą w dwóch głównych kierunkach: malują obraz publikacji popularyzatorskiej jako tekstu służącego celom rozrywkowym, ludycznym (co zbliża go do tekstów kultury masowej, ale obniża jego wartość poznawczą, merytoryczną) lub pokazują, w jaki sposób wykorzystane w publikacji elementy kultury popularnej zostały podporządkowane celom poznawczym (związek publikacji z nauką jest wtedy podkreślony, a sama nauka jest przedstawiana jako np. ciekawa, przyjemna, ekscytująca, przyjazna i łatwa w odbiorze). Autorka pokazuje, że stosowane przez wydawców sposoby powiązane są z zakładanym modelowym odbiorcą publikacji (w pierwszym wypadku adresatami są czytelnicy tekstów kultury popularnej, w drugim – odbiorcy bardziej świadomi, oczekujący rzetelnej wiedzy).
Wielojęzyczny słownik biblizmów: czy potrzebny? Czy możliwy?
Authors: Chlebda Wojciech
Published: January 2021

Biblia jest wspólnym dobrem kultury europejskiej, ale w każdym języku narodowymzostawiła nieco odmienny ślad. Autor stawia tezę, że wielojęzyczny słownik frazeologiipochodzenia biblijnego mógłby pomóc w określaniu części wspólnej tego dziedzictwa i jegonarodowych części odmiennych. W związku z tym autor charakteryzuje trzy pojęcia: korpusbiblizmów, kanon biblizmów oraz leksykograficzny kanon biblizmów. Wykorzystującwiele przykładów z różnych języków (głównie polskiego, rosyjskiego i niemieckiego) autoranalizuje trzy drogi dochodzenia do wielojęzycznego słownika biblizmów: rozszerzanieobecnych słowników dwujęzycznych, zestawianie narodowych leksykograficznych kanonówbiblizmów oraz słownik ideograficzny, budowany według zasady: od wspólnych dlaróżnych języków postaci, miejsc, obrazów i motywów biblijnych do ich zróżnicowanychjęzykowo pochodnych frazeologicznych.
Medial konstruiertes Wissen. Analyse des Kritisierens als Zugriffsobjekt auf diskursive Wissenskomplexe
Authors: Hanus Anna
Published: January 2021

Zgodnie z założeniami analizy dyskursu określone wydarzenia dyskursywne, ważkiepolitycznie bądź społecznie, stanowią bodźce działań dyskursywnych w mediach. Grupyreprezentujące konkretne interesy polityczne lub społeczne zajmują określone stanowiskona temat danego wydarzenia i próbują przeforsować swoje interesy i pozycje, dystrybuująci profilując określoną wiedzę na jego temat, pomijając treści stojące w sprzeczności z ichzamierzeniami (por. Czachur 2011: 87). Jednak nie tylko tematy istotne politycznie czyspołecznie mogą stać się przedmiotem działań dyskursywnych i wpływać na kształtowaniesię wiedzy, nierzadko wykreowanej, medialnie.Na podstawie dwóch wybranych dyskursów medialnych, istotnych kulturowo, podejmępróbę wykazania punktów stycznych, ale i różnic w dystrybucji wiedzy na temat dwóchwybitnych postaci kultury przez medialnych aktorów dyskursu. Analiza polegająca naeksploracji działań dyskursywnych posłuży ponadto do wnioskowania na temat wiedzyaktorów podejmujących działania w obu dyskursach medialnych, a zatem ustalenia, jakąwiedzą dysponują w obrębie określonego wycinka rzeczywistości.W analizach nie sięgam po powszechnie stosowane metody analizy dyskursu, lecz proponujęwłasne postępowanie, stanowiące propozycję rozszerzenia zbioru dotychczasowychnarzędzi analizy dyskursu, polegające na analizie krytykowania, rozumianego jako kompleksowedziałanie językowe.W analizach nie sięgam po powszechnie stosowane metody analizy dyskursu, lecz proponujęwłasne postępowanie, stanowiące propozycję rozszerzenia zbioru dotychczasowychnarzędzi analizy dyskursu, polegające na analizie krytykowania, rozumianego jako kompleksowedziałanie językowe. analizy dyskursu i polegające na analizie krytykowania, rozumianego jako kompleksowe działanie językowe.
Chrematonimy użytkowe o podłożu gwarowym jako komercyjny sposób pozyskiwania regionalnego odbiorcy
Authors: Łuc Izabela
Published: January 2021

Artykuł dotyczy roli chrematonimów użytkowych o podstawie gwarowej w procesie pozyskiwaniaregionalnego (górnośląskiego) odbiorcy. Znaczeniu nazw owej kategorii niepoświecono do tej pory wystarczającej uwagi, dlatego stały się one przedmiotem dociekańbadawczych. Za cel artykułu przyjęto: 1) opis marketingowych sposobów (modelu) translokowaniafunkcjonalno-kategorialnych aspektów gwary do przestrzeni nazewniczej;2) wytypowanie strukturalno-semantycznych wariantów nazewniczych, łącznie z próbąuchwycenia zjawisk i znamiennych tendencji powiązanych z aktami nominacji. Przedmiotemomówienia uczyniono dwie podkategorie chrematonimów użytkowych: chrematonimyideacyjne i chrematonimy społecznościowe; okazjonalnie także mieszczące się poza dokonanąklasyfikacją typy nazewnicze. Semantyczno-funkcjonalna analiza nazw pokazuje,że w procesach nominacyjnych gwarę górnośląską wyzyskuje się jako waloryzujące narzędzieonimiczne oraz niezwykłą popularność nazewniczą kilku leksemów gwarowych(bajtel, gryfny, maszkety). Owe gwaryzmy: 1) wartościują nazwy i jako elementy kolokacjiz innymi jednostkami języka tworzą komercyjne określenia o czytelnych znaczeniachdla lokalnych odbiorców oraz 2) wartościują przestrzeń górnośląską i mikrowspólnotę jązamieszkującą. Szczególna popularność tych leksemów w aktach nazewniczych powoduje,że możemy mówić o powtarzalności schematu kreacyjnego oraz o zjawisku mody onimicznejna określone jednostki gwarowe.
Społeczny wymiar osobowej nazwy własnej - zarys problematyki
Authors: Matusiak-Kempa Iza
Published: January 2021

W artykule omawia się typy strukturalno-semantyczne osobowych nazw własnychw perspektywie społecznych potrzeb poznawczych i komunikacyjnych. Artykuł dzieli sięna dwie podstawowe części. W pierwszej partii tekstu argumentuje się na rzecz tezy, żekreacje nazewnicze są wyrazem asymetrycznych relacji jednostka – społeczeństwo, a nadanienazwy osobowej, niezależnie od jej wydźwięku aksjologicznego, zawsze jest wyrazemnominacyjnej woli większości. W drugiej części artykułu rozpatruje się wpływ opozycjiswój – obcy na kształtowanie się modeli semantyczno-formalnych nazwisk Polaków.Na podstawie socjologicznych definicji pojęć swój i obcy oraz zasady penetracji społecznejwyodrębnia się dwa zasadnicze typy struktur nazewniczych wyspecjalizowanych do nazywaniaosób. Pierwszy model realizują osobowe nazwy własne kreowane dla osób „obcych”i jest on zarezerwowany dla nazwisk tworzonych od nazw miejscowych i nazw etnicznych.Drugi model nazewniczy realizują onimy tworzone z perspektywy pojęcia swój. Tę matrycęcharakteryzuje większa pojemność informacyjna, umożliwiająca szczegółowość deskrypcji.W modelu tym mieszczą się onimy kreowane ze względu na cechy psychiczne, fizyczne,wykonywany zawód i relacje rodzinne człowieka. W tej części artykułu zwraca się takżeuwagę na językowe i pozajęzykowe kryteria, które spełnia komunikatywna nazwa osobowa.
Jacek Warchala, Formy perswazji, Katowice 2019: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, ss. 420.
Authors: Rutkowski Mariusz
Published: January 2021

Brak