bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stryphnodendron adstringens bark extracts per solvents different: chemical quantification and antioxidant activity in vitro and in silico
Authors: Custódio Reis Túlio , Carvalho Pereira Mateus , Costa Francisco Eduardo de Carvalho , Gonçalves Carolina Passarelli
Published: August 2024

Plants are considered important sources of molecules with biological potential. The objective of this investigation was to identify tannic compounds, determine antioxidant activity, parameters of PH and density, as well as the contents of soluble solids and total flavonoids, in addition to the phytochemical profile by spectrophotometry in the visible ultraviolet and molecular docking simulation between the major compounds present in plant extracts of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville. The extracts were formulated using a homogeneous powder obtained by grinding the bark of S. adstringens, they were formulated at 10% (w/v) by the extractive technique of dynamic maceration. The hydroethanolic, ethanolic and methanolic extract had the highest flavonoid contents. The antioxidant activity was greater than 50% for the acetonic and aqueous extracts. The visible ultraviolet spectroscopy showed the majority presence of flavonoids for all evaluated extracts. Molecular docking simulations showed the high antioxidant potential of the major phytochemicals studied, supporting the results obtained in the in vitro assays. Therefore, considering the inherence of the other conditions observed during the extract production process, it is inferred that the choice of certain solvents can qualitatively and quantitatively influence the obtaining of certain groups of plant metabolites with biological potential in S. adstringens.
Rotíferos em uma área do Pantanal de Marimbus, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil: Novas ocorrências para o estado da Bahia
Authors: Jorge Rego Figueiredo  , Rocha Mariane Amorim , Kelly Vieira Silva  , Camilla Ferraz Sena  , Caique Santos Aguiar  , Matheus Santos dos Anjos  , Ricardo Evangelista Fraga  , Márcio Borba da Silva
Published: August 2024

Rotíferos são micrometazoários predominantes em ecossistemas aquáticos continentais, em diversos biótopos, seja no plâncton, perifíton e até mesmo na zona hiporreica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo inventariar a assembleia de Rotifera em uma área do Pantanal de Marimbus, Baiano, na Chapada Diamantina, estado da Bahia. Amostras foram coletadas em dois períodos: “águas altas” e “águas baixas”. Em cada período, as amostragens foram realizadas no plâncton e no perifíton (30 amostras, cada), totalizando 60 amostras por período. Foram registrados 48 taxa infragenéricos distribuídos em 13 famílias e 20 gêneros, sendo 11 taxa considerados novas ocorrências para o estado da Bahia. A família Lecanidae foi a mais representativa em termos de riqueza (21 taxa), abundância e Frequência de Ocorrência (%). Brachionidae, Trichocercidae, Lepadellidae e Synchaetidae também destacaram em alguns desses atributos mencionados. A riqueza mais expressiva de Rotifera foi observada no biótopo planctônico (44 taxa) quando comparado ao perifíton (37 taxa), e no período de “água altas” (37 taxa) quando comparado ao período de “águas baixas” (34 taxa). A área alagada do Pantanal de Marimbus exibe uma grande riqueza de espécies de Rotifera, predominando formas não planctônicas, o que pode ser devido à presença das macrófitas aquáticas promovendo a heterogeneidade ambiental e diversidade de rotíferos neste ambiente peculiar. Nossos resultados ampliam a distribuição conhecida para as espécies de Rotifera no Brasil e contribuem para o conhecimento desses micrometazoários no estado da Bahia, especialmente no Pantanal de Marimbus com o primeiro registro deste grupo.
Deformation cones of Tesler polytopes
Authors: Lee Yonggyu , Liu Fu
Published: August 2024

For
a
∈

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}^{n}
\end{array}$

, the Tesler polytope Tes
n
(
a
) is the set of upper triangular matrices with non-negative entries whose hook sum vector is
a
. We first give a different proof of the known fact that for every fixed
a

0 ∈

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\mathbb{R}_{ \gt 0}^{n}
\end{array}$

, all the Tesler polytopes Tes
n
(
a
) are deformations of Tes
n
(
a

0). We then calculate the deformation cone of Tes
n
(
a

0). In the process, we also show that any deformation of Tes
n
(
a

0) is a translation of a Tesler polytope. Lastly, we consider a larger family of polytopes called flow polytopes which contains the family of Tesler polytopes and chracterize the flow polytopes which are deformations of Tes
n
(
a

0).
Characterization of the sphere and of bodies of revolution by means of Larman points
Authors: Alfonseca M. Angeles , Cordier M. , Jerónimo-Castro J. , Morales-Amaya E.
Published: August 2024

Let n ≥ 3 and let K ⊂ ℝ
n
be a convex body. A point p ∈ int K is said to be a Larman point of K if for every hyperplane Π passing through p, the section Π ∩ K has an (n – 2)-plane of symmetry. If p is a Larman point of K and for every section Π ∩ K, p is in the corresponding (n – 2)-plane of symmetry, then we call p a revolution point of K. We conjecture that if K contains a Larman point which is not a revolution point, then K is either an ellipsoid or a body of revolution. This generalizes a conjecture of Bezdek for n = 3. We prove several results related to the conjecture for strictly convex origin symmetric bodies. Namely, if K ⊂ ℝ
n
is a strictly convex origin symmetric body that contains a revolution point p which is not the origin, then K is a body of revolution. This generalizes the False Axis of Revolution Theorem in [7]. We also show that if p is a Larman point of K ⊂ ℝ3 and there exists a line L such that p ∉ L and, for every plane Π passing through p, the line of symmetry of the section Π ∩ K intersects L, then K is a body of revolution (in some cases, K is a sphere). We obtain a similar result for projections of K. Additionally, for K ⊂ ℝ
n
with n ≥ 4, we show that if every hyperplane section or projection of K is a body of revolution and K has a unique diameter D, then K is a body of revolution with axis D.
Lifting globally 𝐹-split surfaces to characteristic zero
Authors: Bernasconi Fabio , Brivio Iacopo , Kawakami Tatsuro , Witaszek Jakub
Published: August 2024

We prove that every globally 𝐹-split surface admits an equisingular lifting over the ring of Witt vectors.
Remark on the Daugavet property for complex Banach spaces
Authors: Lee Han Ju , Tag Hyung-Joon
Published: August 2024

In this article, we study the Daugavet property and the diametral diameter two properties (DD2Ps) in complex Banach spaces. The characterizations for both Daugavet and

Δ

\Delta

-points are revisited in the context of complex Banach spaces. We also provide relationships between some variants of alternative convexity and smoothness, nonsquareness, and the Daugavet property. As a consequence, every strongly locally uniformly alternatively convex or smooth (sluacs) Banach space does not contain

Δ

\Delta

-points from the fact that such spaces are locally uniformly nonsquare. We also study the convex diametral local diameter two property and the polynomial Daugavet property in the vector-valued function space

A

(

K
,
X

)

A\left(K,X)

. From an explicit computation of the polynomial Daugavetian index of

A

(

K
,
X

)

A\left(K,X)

, we show that the space

A

(

K
,
X

)

A\left(K,X)

has the polynomial Daugavet property if and only if either the base algebra

A

A

or the range space

X

X

has the polynomial Daugavet property. Consequently, we obtain that the polynomial Daugavet property, Daugavet property, DD2Ps, and property (

D

{\mathcal{D}}

) are equivalent for infinite-dimensional uniform algebras.
Topological structure of the solution sets to non-autonomous evolution inclusions driven by measures on the half-line
Authors: Ma Yuhua , Gu Haibo , Li Ning
Published: August 2024

In this article, we investigate a class of measure differential inclusions of evolution type involving non-autonomous operator with nonlocal condition defined on the half-line. By fixed point theorem, we first obtain some sufficient conditions to ensure the solution set is nonempty, compact, and

R

δ

{R}_{\delta }

-set on compact interval. Subsequently, by means of the inverse limit method, we generalize the results on compact interval to noncompact interval. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of obtained results.
Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with post-traumatic stress disorders and related to oxidative stress
Authors: Al-Kufaishi Ali M.A. , Al-Musawi Noor J.T.
Published: August 2024

Objectives

The study involves the effect of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal hormones disorders, and related to oxidative stress in individuals with PTSD to those in the healthy group after they experience a specific event that results in a congenital illness or limb loss.

Methods

Obtaining serum samples from males exclusively in cases where psychiatrists have determined that the men have experienced psychological damage brought on by a particular tragedy, and testing the men for hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and oxidative stress parameters in comparison to healthy participants.

Results

It was observed that there was a notable rise in cortisol levels (5.60 ± 0.93) at 4 pm compared with healthy control (3.43 ± 0.64) resulting from the stimulating effect of the pituitary gland, and this increase has a role in raising levels of oxidative stress in patients total oxidant status (1.08 ± 0.13) compared with control (0.70 ± 0.10). High oxidative stress may lead to increased prolactin levels and decreased testosterone levels.

Conclusions

Transmission of incorrect chemical signals from the central nervous system has a role in causing disturbances in hormonal levels of the hypothalamus and its associated glands, and thus an imbalance in the metabolic rate due to high cortisol. Also, high levels of prolactin hormones play a role in a significant decrease in testosterone levels.
Banter as transformative practice: linguistic play and joking relationships in a UK swimming club
Authors: Heath Sean
Published: August 2024

This article investigates the multiple interpretations and uses of banter as an inclusive and exclusionary practice amongst competitive youth swimmers in the Southeast of England. As a metacommunicative act, banter is a form of linguistic play that focuses on the ways in which the words are delivered, and the social relationships involved between those engaged in banter. Through an immersive “apprenticeship” within a competitive swimming club from 2018 to 2022, I was party to particular forms of English “humorous” communication and invitations to join in banter with coaches and swimmers. As competitive swimming can be a monotonous activity, with long periods between competitions and nigh endless repetition of training drills, coaches encouraged swimmers’ engagement in banter as an inclusive strategy for squad cohesiveness and to stave off boredom throughout the swimming season. Playful teasing was used to invite engagement in banter from one or more people, helping to foster social bonds, develop joking relationships, and create a relaxed atmosphere within training spaces. Mockery and teasing used to initiate banter were also mobilized as exclusionary social positioning strategies to test the limits of social interaction and define oneself against others. This article asserts that despite the nearly-totalitarian position of the coach within high-performance swimming humorous or joking banter does not simply function as a morale-booting activity or as a substitute for active resistance against monotonous training requirements. By paying attention to the intersubjective processes within joking relationships, here through banter, we can see how youth actively navigate sociality and assert their agency within institutional training environments.
Performance-Based Pay and Limited Information Access. An Agent-Based Model of the Hidden Action Problem
Authors: Reinwald Patrick , Leitner Stephan , Wall Friederike
Published: August 2024

Models involving human decision-makers often include idealized assumptions, such as rationality, perfect foresight, and access to relevant information. These assumptions usually assure the models’ internal validity but, at the same time, might limit the models’ power to explain empirical phenomena. This paper addresses the well-known model of the hidden action problem, which proposes an optimal performance-based sharing rule for situations in which a principal assigns a task to an agent and the task outcome is shared between the two parties. The principal cannot observe the action taken by the agent to carry out this task. We introduce an agent-based version of this problem in which we relax some of the idealized assumptions. In the proposed model, the principal and the agent only have limited information access and are endowed with the ability to gain, store and retrieve information from their (finite) memory. We follow an evolutionary approach and analyze how the principal’s and the agent’s decisions affect their respective utilities, the sharing rule, and task performance over time. The results suggest that the optimal (or a close-to-optimal) sharing rule does not necessarily emerge in all cases. The results indicate that the principal’s utility is relatively robust to variations in memory. On the contrary, the agent’s utility is significantly affected by limitations in the principal’s memory, whereas the agent’s memory appears to only have a minor effect.
Transmission of data rate by radio over free space optical communications system under turbulence conditions
Authors: Mohammed Tahani J. , Ali Mazin Ali A.
Published: August 2024

This study presents the analysis of a designed Ro-FSO system by Opti System v.20. The system analysis depends on transferring three values of data (10, 20, and 40 Gb/s) using two digital modulators (PSK and DPSK). Two scintillation systems (L-N and G-G) are applied for transmitting a signal through free space; this signal is subject to four values of atmospheric turbulence. The research showed that the (L-N) scintillation model can send data at rates of 10, 20, or 40 Gb/s, irrespective of what kind of digital modulator is used. For data rates of 10 and 20 Gb/s, the suggested system could transmit it over a maximum link distance of up to 2 km under different turbulence intensities. For 40 Gb/s of data rate, the maximum link distances decline to 1.75 km at the same amount of turbulence conditions. When the scintillation system (G-G) is applied as a turbulence link, the system is able to transmit the signal well for a maximum link distance not exceeding 0.75 km.
Optimization of springback parameters of an aluminum 1050 alloy by V-bending
Authors: Mesci Furkan Hasan , Eksi Seçil
Published: August 2024

Springback, one of the fundamental properties of parts formed by V bending, is the dimensional deviation caused by elastic recovery. Numerical estimation and compensation of springback is essential because it affects the workpiece’s dimensional accuracy and geometry and will cause serious errors, especially during the assembly process. This study investigated the effects of process parameters such as sheet thickness and die angle on springback behavior on 1,050 aluminum experimentally and numerically. Experiments were planned according to Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array. Sheet thickness (1 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.5 mm) and die angle (90, 135 and 150°), were selected as forming parameters. Springback was calculated after the tests. Optimization of the parameters was evaluated using the signal/noise ratio approach. The effectiveness of parameters on results was determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). It has been observed that the springback angle decreases with increasing sheet thickness, but springback angle decreases with increasing die angles. It has been seen that the experimental and numerical study results confirm each other. The variance analysis determined that the die angle was the most dominant springback parameter (90.9 %). Second is the sheet thickness (5.79 %).
Autophagy and radiotherapy in esophageal cancer: modulating treatment sensitivity and overcoming challenges
Authors: Gao Yuan , Hao Wei , Lin Haishan , Cao Bangwei
Published: August 2024

Esophageal cancer (ESCA) is one of the most fatal gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. ESCA is often diagnosed in its middle or late stages since the first symptoms are not identifiable. The use of radiotherapy, either alone or in conjunction with surgical intervention and chemotherapy, is essential to achieve a positive prognosis. Radiotherapy is an essential component of treatment for ESCA. Autophagy, a prevalent biological phenomenon, has a twofold impact on the incidence, progression, and treatment response of malignant tumors. This review explores the intricate mechanisms by which autophagy modulates radiation sensitivity in ESCA, including its effects on DNA repair, oxidative stress responses, and apoptosis. We provide a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in the modulation of autophagy, focusing on the use of autophagy inhibitors and inducers to enhance radiotherapy efficacy. We discuss how autophagy inhibitors such as chloroquine and 3-methyladenine can overcome radiation resistance by blocking autophagic processes, while autophagy inducers like rapamycin can sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy-induced cell death. Additionally, we examine the potential therapeutic benefits of combining autophagy regulation with existing treatment modalities, offering new strategies to improve patient outcomes. This review highlights the critical role of autophagy in ESCA and underscores the promise of autophagy-targeted therapies in enhancing the effectiveness of radiotherapy, thereby providing a novel avenue for overcoming treatment resistance and improving prognosis in ESCA patients.
The not so silent Estonians? Perceptions and practice of small talk
Authors: Pajusalu Renate , Norvik Miina
Published: August 2024

The present paper analyses self-reflexive opinions of 33 Estonians about small talk; it is based on interviews carried out in 2020–2022. The main topics covered in the paper are what participants consider small talk situations, how they feel in such situations, and what kind of topics they bring up or avoid. While silent Finns and silent Scandinavians appear in the literature almost as terms, research on Estonians and their behaviour has been scarce. The paper reveals that although Estonians might see themselves as silent, they often feel the need to break the silence. As it appears, it might result in a failed attempt, but the attempts are there. The article discusses various decisive factors in engaging in or refraining from small talk mentioned by the participants. It also sheds light on changes in time, which mainly seem to indicate that Estonians are opening up. Although small talk is not primarily connected with the notion of politeness in the interviewees’ views, it nevertheless belongs to what is considered appropriate behaviour.
Structure, physical and 27Al NMR-spectroscopic properties of the equiatomic compounds of the type REAlRh (RE = Sm, Tb, Dy, Er, and Lu)
Authors: Radzieowski Mathis , Gießelmann Elias C. J. , Engel Stefan , Janka Oliver
Published: August 2024

Within the series of the equiatomic REAlRh compounds, the representatives with RE = Y, La–Nd, Gd, Ho, Tm and Yb have been synthesized. The members with RE = Sm, Tb, Dy, Er and Lu, however, had not yet been reported. They have now been synthesized and structurally as well as magnetically and NMR-spectroscopically characterized. All members crystallize isostructurally in the orthorhombic TiNiSi type, similar to most of the known analogues. The evolution of their unit cell volumes exhibits the expected decrease due to the lanthanide contraction. While LuAlRh shows Pauli-paramagnetic behavior, SmAlRh, TbAlRh, DyAlRh, ErAlRh, and TmAlRh exhibit antiferromagnetic ground states with Néel temperatures between T
N = 45 and 4 K. 27Al MAS-NMR investigations have been conducted on YAlRh and LuAlRh. The results of quantum-chemical calculations support the conclusions drawn from the NMR-spectroscopic study and give information on the charge distribution in these intermetallic aluminum metallides.
The relationship between attributional style and symptoms of depression in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Valentine Jeffrey C. , Pössel Patrick , Alharbi Abdul , Gerbine Samantha , Utterback Liz , McClure Erica , Mustapha Toheeb , Nzama Nqobile , Patel Khushboo S. , Pratt Taylor , Tinman Jennifer S. , Zarei Hamid
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Humans seem to have an innate need to understand the world. We address this need in part by generating largely automatic explanations for the things we see and the things that happen to us. Explanations for personally relevant events often involve a set of inferences, called attributions, that behave in a trait-like way and are collectively referred to as an attributional style. A person's attributional style is theoretically predicted to be causally related to depression (Abramson et al., 1978). Method: This article reports a systematic review and meta-analysis involving 153 studies with 177 independent samples investigating the cross-sectional relationship between attributional style and depressive symptoms in samples of youth. Results: The relationship between attributional style and depressive symptoms is in the theoretically predicted direction, large enough to be meaningful, heterogeneous across studies, and probably underestimated in most studies due to measurement error. A moderator analysis suggested larger effects when the attributional style measure was based on a composite of positive and negative events relative to when the correlation was based on negative effects. None of the other moderator analyses conducted yielded statistically significant results. Discussion: We conclude with suggestions regarding the reliability of measures of attributional style and ways that future studies can more effectively support future meta-analytic moderator analyses.
(Meta)Linguagem
Authors: Claro Flôres Onici
Published: August 2024

Este artigo discute o conceito de metalinguagem, problematizando-o, além de propor sua revisão teórica, dado que a maioria dos estudantes e profissionais - usuários dessa terminologia – emprega o conceito acriticamente, como se fosse unívoco. Em vista disso, faz-se a revisão de algumas das concepções a respeito e suas implicações quanto às relações entre metalinguagem e linguagem. Após, apresenta-se o recorte teórico proposto por Dascal e Weizman (1987) e Dascal (2006) que situam a metalinguagem no contexto, e as considerações de Morato (2010, 2008, 2005) que amplia o escopo do conceito, afastando-se do formalismo clássico e de sua concepção de verdade e referência.
Investigating egocentric tuning in hippocampal CA1 neurons
Authors: Carpenter Jordan , Blackstad Jan Sigurd , Tingley David , Normand Valentin A. , Moser Edvard I. , Moser May-Britt , Dunn Benjamin A.
Published: August 2024

Navigation requires integrating sensory information with a stable schema to create a dynamic map of an animal's position using egocentric and allocentric coordinate systems. In the hippocampus, place cells encode allocentric space, but their firing rates may also exhibit directional tuning within egocentric or allocentric reference frames. We compared experimental and simulated data to assess the prevalence of tuning to egocentric bearing (EB) among hippocampal cells in rats foraging in an open field. Using established procedures, we confirmed egocentric modulation of place cell activity in recorded data; however, simulated data revealed a high false positive rate. When we accounted for false positives by comparing with shuffled data that retain correlations between the animal’s direction and position, only a very low number of hippocampal neurons appeared modulated by EB. Our study highlights biases affecting false positive rates and provides insights into the challenges of identifying egocentric modulation in hippocampal neurons.

Significance StatementThis study investigates the relationship between world-centered (allocentric) and self-centered (egocentric) frames of spatial coding in the hippocampus during navigation. Through targeted electrophysiological single-unit recordings in hippocampal CA1 area, complemented by simulations of spatially modulated neurons, we find a compelling lack of support in free-foraging rats for recent proposals that the hippocampus relies on internal egocentric signals in relation to reference points distributed through the environment. Our work reveals that ego­centric signals in CA1 may be strongly biased by stereotypical behavioral patterns. The findings suggest that in free-foraging rodents, the principal framework for location coding is allocentric.
Fluctuating obliterative bronchiolitis in RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer patient treated with selpercatinib
Authors: Gambale Carla , Prete Alessandro , Romei Chiara , Celi Alessandro , Elisei Rossella , Matrone Antonio
Published: August 2024

Highly selective RET inhibitor selpercatinib has demonstrated notable efficacy in advanced/progressive RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) patients. However, despite a more tolerable toxicity profile than multikinase inhibitors, peculiar adverse events (AEs) have been described. Obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) is a respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis in small conducting airways. We evaluated a 70-year-old man with advanced RET-mutant MTC who developed OB during treatment with selpercatinib. Radiological features of OB occurred early and persisted during selpercatinib treatment, with a waxing and waning pattern. Notably, a partial response of MTC was achieved during the treatment, and selpercatinib was never reduced or interrupted. The almost complete absence of symptoms and the fluctuating trend, without specific treatment for OB, suggested that it is necessary to carefully evaluate the risks mediated by this AE with the risks of modifying or discontinuing the anti-cancer therapy.
Lithuanian Book Workers
Authors: Kaunas Domas , Černiauskaitė Violeta
Published: August 2024

-
Periodical Press in Alytus in 1920-1940
Authors: Šimkevičius Šarūnas
Published: August 2024

The first newspapers in Alytus were produced in a manuscript form. This kind of publications was popular among students after the World War l. Alytus was not an exception. The bulk of periodicals in this town was published by Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party local organisations. The first town's newspaper printed by the printing house in Kaunas was "Dzūkų bizūnas" (A dzūkai whip) published in 1925-1926. In the 20s the first town's printing house was established. Some of the creators of the periodical press acquired publishing experience before arriving to Alytus, however, it was not sufficient to develop the press in town successfully. During the 20s censorship also influenced the press negatively. During 30s the local community was not capable of supporting the most serious newspaper "Alytaus dzyvai" (Alytus wonders) (1931-1932). There was a lack of understanding of the significance of a publication, besides the local community was less financially and culturally empowered in comparison to Samogitian or Suvalkija town communities. However, the creation of newspapers in general was a significant fact and indicated that Alytus was growing into a significant town and the community was maturing.
Changes of the Lithuanian Periodical Structure (1988-1995)
Authors: Burneikienė Genovaitė
Published: August 2024

The article gives survey of the genesis of the Lithuanian periodicals and analyses the process of press development (in 1988 through 1995). The article deals with the conditions that determined emergence of the uncensored press of Sąjūdis movement during the Resurgence period (in 1988). The article reveals impact of publications of Sąjūdis movement on the Lithuanian society and the official press (in 1988 appeared about 70 publications of Sąjūdis movement) and the ways used by local individual editorial offices to disengage from "care" of the periodical press of the Communist Party.
The article investigates development of the system of the Lithuanian periodical press after adoption of the Law on Mass Media (February 09, 1990) that liberated editorial offices from dependence on the Party and established the main provisions of freedom of the press.
Communication process after 1990 resulted in appearance of new types of periodicals, in change of the status, publication structure and orientation of previous periodicals: a new system based on principles of self-adjustment was emerging. Appearance of multitude of different publications caused a problem of classification as there were neither criteria of classification nor types of groups of the periodicals identified. Therefore, certain data provided by statistical publications on the press do not reveal reality of journalistic practice.
The author investigates structural development of the groups of different types of publications, gives survey of classification models provided by investigators of journalism and provides criteria for classification of periodicals that will enable to better reveal structural changes taking place in the system of the Lithuanian periodicals and development trends of the periodical press.
The Influence of a Networked Environment on the Professional Changes
Authors: Umlauf Konrad
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the requirements for the staff of a public library formed by the Internet, management reform, emergence of knowledge society and budget crisis since the ninth decade. The main focus is on the requirements for work in a networked environment: new management, professional development, social and public performance, professional methodical competence and skills. The article is concluded by the discussion how these changes influence the training and continuing education of library staff. The conclusion is made that the staff of a public library is partly competent to perform job in the networked environment, finds many possibilities to acquire necessary competence and has developed self-consciousness and understanding of the adoption of new requirements. However, the professional development system is inadequate and continuing education mainly relies on the personai initiative and activity of a librarian.
YULY AYKHENVALD’S CONCEPT OF SHAKESPEARE’S TRAGEDIES
Authors: Zhatkin Dmitry , Serdechnaia Vera
Published: August 2024

The authors analyze the Shakespearean studies by Yuly Aykhenvald (1872–1928), a famous literary critic who substantiated the method of immanent criticism and is better known as the creator of Russian writers’ “portraits.” The purpose of the work was to consider and streamline the principles of analysis of Shakespearean images in Aykhenvald’s legacy. The objectives of the work included identifying the main images for the critic in Shakespeare’s tragedies; analysis of the principles of his criticism; identifying the ideological foundations of criticism. Results of the work: Aykhenvald considers Shakespeare’s tragedies a timeless phenomenon, telling us not so much even about the life of the human spirit, but about the laws of the development of the world. Aykhenvald interprets Shakespeare as a sage immersed in the truths of world dualism as a Neoplatonic teaching of the Gnostic persuasion. The critic sees in Caliban the embodiment of crude matter (which then makes it possible to liken him to the Bolsheviks with their materialistic philosophy), in Ariel he sees pure spirituality, and in Hamlet — the transitional period of human existence between them. Hamlet is understood by Aykhenvald as the central Shakespearean character, a kind of archetype of the Shakespearean hero, reflected in the others: Lear, Romeo, Macbeth. Hamlet is also considered by Aykhenvald to be an image of our contemporary, with his inherent dominance of reflection and inaction. However, Aykhenvald expresses the hope that beyond the Hamlet stage, humanity will reach a spiritual existence, which is symbolized by Ariel.
Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences in a Sample of Largely Indigenous Children
Authors: Edwards Katie M. , Waterman Emily A. , Wheeler Lorey A. , Herrington Ramona , Mullet Natira , Xu Weiman , Hopfauf Skyler , Charge Leon Leader , Trujillo Preciouse
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study was to develop, pilot, and evaluate a culturally grounded, family-based program to prevent adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among low-income and Indigenous children aged 10 to 14. The Tiwahe Wicagwicayapi program (TWP) is a 7-session program that teaches skills to prevent ACEs and is rooted in Lakota culture, language, and history.

METHODS

A total of 124 families (124 caregivers [96% Indigenous; 90% reported yearly income <$40 000] with 194 children aged 10 to 14 [93% Indigenous]) were randomly assigned to treatment (N = 66 families and 173 individuals) or waitlist (N = 58 families and 145 individuals) control groups. Caregivers and children completed a baseline, immediate posttest, and 6-month follow-up survey.

RESULTS

Treatment effects were detected, indicating, compared with control participants, reductions in the incidence of child ACEs (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.64), bullying victimization (odds ratio = 0.53), depression (d = –0.20), and externalizing behaviors (d = –0.23) and increased parent–child communication (g = 0.27) and child help-seeking behaviors (d = 0.28). For caregivers, the effects indicated that the program prevented intimate partner violence victimization (IRR = 0.36) and perpetration (IRR = 0.45), harsh parenting (g = –0.35), and depression (d = –0.24) and increased emotion regulation (d = 0.37), social support (d = 0.33), and cultural connection (d = 0.34).

CONCLUSIONS

The TWP holds great promise in preventing ACEs among low-income, Indigenous children, showing potential promise for widespread public health impact. Future rigorous research on the TWP is warranted.
Evaluation of chest pain in primary care: Differential diagnosis of emergencies
Authors: Özkaya Yasemin , Durmaz Bilal
Published: August 2024

Chest pain is a common and serious symptom encountered in various medical practices. The complaint of chest pain should always be taken seriously, and the diagnostic process should be expedited swiftly. Since chest pain can be a symptom of various diseases, a rapid differential diagnosis is essential. The most common causes of chest pain are known to be chest wall pain, reflux esophagitis, and costochondritis. However, other potential etiologies, such as pulmonary, psychological, and cardiovascular causes, should also be considered. In approximately 15% of patients with chest pain, a definitive diagnosis may not be established. Therefore, it is crucial to always consider cardiac causes for chest pain and exclude cardiac etiology. The evaluation of chest pain should include a detailed medical history, physical examination, and appropriate diagnostic tests. Additionally, information regarding the patient’s risk factors and medical history should be collected. Electrocardiogram (EKG) is important in assessing acute coronary syndrome, and it can help decide whether the patient needs to be referred to the emergency department. In the diagnosis of chest pain, predictive tools such as the Marburg Heart Score and the INTERCHEST clinical decision rule can be used alongside clinical evaluation. The rapid and accurate application of the physician’s experience and familiar algorithms is of critical importance in the diagnostic process. Chest pain may present with different characteristics in different age groups. Therefore, individual characteristics such as age and gender should also be considered during the evaluation. The management of patients presenting with chest pain is of great importance in ensuring the accurate diagnosis and planning appropriate treatment processes. In conclusion, the complaint of chest pain is a serious symptom that requires prompt and effective approaches to provide accurate diagnosis and treatment. Primary healthcare professionals should possess sufficient knowledge and skills in the differential diagnosis and management of chest pain. This plays a critical role in ensuring patient safety and well-being.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorders: After the earthquake
Authors: Görgü Genco , Gökdemir Özden
Published: August 2024

Mental trauma is the effects of extremely frightening, terrifying, desperate, and often extraordinary and unexpected events. There are many events that cause distress and sadness in human life, but not all of them create psychological trauma. Earthquakes have been among the most devastating and frequently encountered disasters that humanity has faced throughout history. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common mental illnesses after catastrophic trauma. There are many cross-sectional studies addressing the incidence of PTSD. When a medical literature review is made on this subject; The incidence of PTSD among survivors of earthquakes ranged from 1.2% to 82.64%. In this paper, especially, the mental trauma, focusing on its occurrence after catastrophic events like earthquakes. It notes the varying incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors. The challenges faced by families and communities’ post-disaster, especially in supporting children, are highlighted. The importance of fostering children’s resilience for overall community resilience is emphasized. The text concludes by urging disaster researchers to develop new approaches involving children to address mental health challenges following disasters like pandemics, earthquakes, and migrations..
PSYCHOMOTOR READINESS FOR SCHOOL IN THE CONTEXT OF CENTRAL MENTAL NEW EDUCATION
Authors: Delcheva Tiha Atanasova
Published: August 2024

School readiness, due to its complexity and individualpersonal measurability, is a problem of permanent relevance. Children experience the greatest difficulties (80%) in primary school education in connection with writing due to its structural complexity, the presence of several interrelated indicators. With developing possibilities for overcoming these difficulties is the theory of central psychic neoplasms. In children during the
upper preschool age, these are: arbitrariness (skills to follow rules, to act
according to the instructions of the adult, the teacher); purposeful orientation
and carrying out various activities with sign-symbolic means. These new
formations arise in the game and the enriched environment of interactions, of
positive stimuli/ subject, game-active, verbal, learning-cognitive/, related to the
current needs of children, which stimulates their subjective activity. Group
activity stimulates the positive emotionally saturated cognitive activity of
children, aimed at self-development and building good relationships in the
group, towards successful learning. Particularly useful in this aspect is the
purposeful use of: finger games, games with rules (mobile and didactic) as well
as appropriate game-like forms (interactive methods).
ACTIVITY APPROACH FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE QUANTITY LENGTH AND ITS MEASURING IN THE PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: Temnikova Maria Petrova
Published: August 2024

Digitalization of the Bulgarian society over the recent years changed the educational environment where the education in mathematics in pre-school takes place. To achieve its goals and tasks, teachers must use in their methodological system of work information-communication technologies and create conditions for performance of practical activities in which the children actively participate.
Systematized and analyzed theoretical concepts from the areas of psychology and pedagogy are presented in the article as well as the methodology for teaching mathematics related to the theory of activity. Based on this, a new methodological system of work was developed and practically tested. The aim of the research work was to analyze different aspects of its application in the pedagogical interrelations during mathematical classes as part of the pre-school education for development of knowledge, skills, general
competences and competencies related to the quantity length and its measuring
using the activity approach.
ANALISIS KESUBURAN PERAIRAN LAUT BERDASARKAN KEBERADAAN FITOPLANKTON NITRAT DAN FOSFAT: STUDI KASUS PADA KAWASAN PERAIRAN BONGKAR MUAT BATU BARA KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT
Authors: Kusumawati Ika , Suriani Mai
Published: August 2024

Perubahan terhadap kualitas perairan mempunyai keterkaitan yang erat dengan potensi perairan dapat dilihat dari Kelimpahan dan komposisi fitoplanklon. Fitoplankton dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator atau parameter tingkat kesuburan suatu perairan. Perairan laut ceh Barat merupakan daerah yang diperuntukkan sebagai wilayah bongkar muat batu bara. Tujuan penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui kesuburan perairan berdasarkan itu fitoplankton dan indeks saprobik. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode purposive sampling.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tujuh stasiun yang berbeda selama satu kali pengambilan data Yang di mana stasiun 1,4 dan 7 merupakan perairan yang kurang terjadi aktivitas manusia maupun industri sedangkan stasiun 3 merupakan muara sungai dan stasiun 2,5 dan 6 merupakan tempat industri. Jenis fitoplankton yang ditemukan pada perairan laut Aceh Barat selama pengamatan terdiri dari tiga kelas yaitu Bacillariaphyceae, dinophyceae dan choloraphyceae. Kelimpahan fitoplankton di perairan laut Aceh Barat berkisar antara 6,29-167,45 ind/l. Dari hasil kesuburan perairan didapati nilai 0,6 dikategorikan kedalam perairan β-mesosaprobik dengan pencemaran ringan sampai sedang.hasil pengelompokan stastus trofik perairan Nitrat tegolong katagori oligotrofik dengan nilai 0,07 – 0,9 mg/l sedangkan fosfat tergolong kedalam mesotrofik dengan nilai 0,09 – 0,19. Hasil analisis regresi berganda didapati pengaruh fosfat dan nitrat terhadap fitoplankton adalah sebesar 40,2% hal ini dikategorikan sangat lemah sedangkan 59,8% lainnya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.
Reference repair in Korean conversation
Authors: Kim Kyu-hyun
Published: August 2024

This study examines, from a conversation-analytic perspective, the role of post-mortems following reference repair, whose organisational features exhibit the participants’ remedially motivated orientations towards managing their face and membership categories in accounting for a problematic reference. Post-mortems are predominantly organised as self-deprecating or other-supportive accounts, through which the troublesome character of a trouble source is downgraded, e.g., attributed to a momentary lapse. Their face-sensitive character is sometimes oriented via the repair-initiator’s abdication of correction, geared to pre-empting their generation, particularly when the repairable is an English word or its nativised version. In entertainment-oriented talk-shows, post-mortems, organised as mock-activities, are designedly promoted through exposed correction/reformulation. A case of problematic reference understanding is examined and accounted for as deriving from a tying-based mishearing, with the repair initiator being incorrectly primed to the trouble-source expression as continuative of the categorial flow of the preceding sequence, without recognising its sequence-organisational import in launching post-mortems.
The Death of Rotted Barley
Authors: Perry Charles
Published: August 2024

The medieval Arabs made a kind of soy sauce by culturing barley dough. To judge by the terminology, a mixture of Persian, Greek and Aramaic, it must have arisen in the Fertile Crescent. The mould-cultured barley was called either b?dhaj (Middle Persian p?dag, ‘rotted’) or qamn (Aramaic q?ml?, ‘mould’) and the soy sauce extracted from it was murr? (Greek halmyris, ‘something salty’). There’s no evidence of murr? in Iran or Byzantium, but it was popular throughout the Arab world during the Middle Ages. Iraq and North Africa had their own recipes and knew each other’s. (The North African recipe contained more spices; all murr? was spiced, at least with fennel and nigella.) There are a number of recipes in Arabic cookery books from the tenth and thirteenth centuries. It has entirely disappeared today. The question is, when did rotted barley die?
Andrew Webb: Food Britannia
Authors: Harris Tim
Published: August 2024

Andrew Webb: Food Britannia: Random House, 2011, 560 pp., hardback, £25.00.
Peter Bazalgette, ed.: Egon Ronay. The Man who Taught Britain how to Eat
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: August 2024

Peter Bazalgette, ed.: Egon Ronay. The Man who Taught Britain how to Eat: Newbaz Ltd., 2011, 136 pp., hardback, £25.00.
SOME PATTERNS OF THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF STIFFENERS MADE OF POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS UNDER CYCLIC LOADING
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Solomonov Danil , Nikhamkin Mikhail ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Semenov Sergey ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Toropitsina Anna ,   UEC-Aviadvigatel
Published: August 2024

The advanced aerospace industry is rapidly introducing polymer composite materials. The popularity of these materials is due to a significantly lower weight with comparable strength characteristics in comparison with metals in aviation technology. Polymer composite materials has a wide range of applications in the design of gas turbine engines. They are used in highly loaded critical engine parts subject to fatigue loading. The design of products made of laminated polymer composite materials implies the selection of laying layers. Each new package of these layers requires various expensive studies, including fatigue tests. Reducing the volume of such tests is an urgent task for modern researchers. This paper presents an experimental study of thermal behavior during fatigue failure of a stiffener of a typical aircraft structure made of polymer composite materials. Such a study of the thermal state at different stages of fatigue failure is important for studying fatigue characteristics. Such classical fatigue tests are expensive. Reducing the cost makes such studies relevant. The deformation fields were analyzed using the digital image correlation method. Only one mechanism of destruction was identified. The test sample was considered destroyed when the stiffener element was detached from the case element. It was revealed that in the process of accumulation of fatigue damage, a stabilization of temperature growth is observed. In total, two heat dissipation zones are formed, they correspond to the areas of gluing the stiffener element to the case element. No displacement of the heating area was observed. The areas of the greatest deformations correspond to the zones of the greatest self-heating. The results obtained indicate that the destruction occurs in the most heated area.