bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of liver function test in malaria positive cases in tertiary care hospital of Bareilly
Authors: Agarwal Ajay Kumar , Katiyar Ghanshyam Dass , Khan Swati , Chaudhary Bharat Chand , Singh Arun , Sharma Mahendra
Published: May 2020

Background: Malaria is a life-threatening disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate liver function test in malaria positive cases.Methods: A cross sectional study was done to find out changes in liver function test in malaria positive cases. Study was done in Central Pathology Lab, RMCH, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. Blood samples were collected in EDTA and plain vacutainer tube. Blood smear was examined for malaria parasite within RBCs. Malaria rapid test was done for detection of Plasmodium species and liver function test was done for effect of malaria.Results: In this study it was found that maximum malaria positive cases (25.50%) in 21-30 years age group. and in males (22.56%) in 11-20 years age group and in females (34.75%) in 21-30 years age group. Maximum cases of P. vivax (27.66%) in 21-30 years age group, P. falciparum (33.33%) in 21-30 and 41-50 years age group and mixed malarial infection (21.92%) in 31-40 years age group was found maximum P. vivax cases (51.06%) and mixed malarial infection (65.75%) in male and maximum P. falciparum (66.67%) in female was found. Maximum above normal limit serum bilirubin (63.75%), direct serum bilirubin (67.93%), SGPT (38.45%), SGOT (70.52%) and ALP (48.01%) was found in malaria positive cases. Maximum deranged serum bilirubin (83.33%), direct bilirubin (100.00%), SGOT (100.00%), ALP (83.33%) was found in P. falciparum and maximum deranged SGPT (50.68%) was found in mixed infection.Conclusions: Malaria remains a major health problem in developing countries it affects the liver function test which helps in management of malaria patient.
Anxiety and depression versus treatment adherence among type II diabetes mellitus patients at government tertiary care institution, Madurai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Swamynathan Meenachi , Sivasubramanian Priya
Published: May 2020

Background: Global, Indian and Tamil Nadu prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 8.5%, 7.7% and 10.4% respectively. Prevalence of anxiety or depression was higher among diabetics in comparison to general population. Treatment adherence was related to prevention of mortality and morbidity. Currently anxiety or depression are not looked for and data is scarce regarding the burden of anxiety or depression among type II DM patients. The objectives of the study were to estimate proportion(s) of type II diabetes patients having anxiety or depression; having treatment adherence and to determine the association between anxiety or depression and treatment non adherence.Methods: We did cross sectional study among type II DM patients at Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai and did consecutive sampling. The sample size of the study was 96 which was collected diet and exercise details. It used Morisky medication adherence questionnaire and hospital anxiety and depression scale to measure medication adherence and anxiety and depression. The study was calculated proportions and odds ratio with confidence intervals, obtained Ethics clearance and referred participants who had anxiety or depression to Psychiatrist.Results: Proportion of anxiety or depression was 36.5% (27.3 to 46.4). 55% had adequate diet adherence, 48% had adequate exercise adherence, 68% had adequate medication adherence, 40% (29.8 to 50.1) had adherence to all the three. Odds of anxiety or depression among poor treatment adherents was 4.1 (1.6 to 11.4) times more in comparison to their counterparts.Conclusions: Proportions of anxiety or depression and treatment adherence were 37% and 40% among diabetics. Anxiety or depression could be a potential risk factor for poor treatment adherence. We recommended screening for anxiety and depression in the follow up of diabetics.
Knowledge and awareness among nurses in tertiary care hospitals of Kolkata regarding HIV positive patient care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghosh Nachiketa , Dey Arijit , Majumdar Sayantani , Haldar Debdutta
Published: May 2020

Background: Nursing staff have immense contribution in the generation of healthcare and medical care services and act as pillars on which the entire hospital care facility is dependent. This can only be ensured if the hospital staff are well trained and fully updated about the recent treatment protocols to handle the complicated situation of the patients. Objectives of the study was to assess provider’s knowledge of HIV/AIDS, misconceptions and practices in the areas of virology, mode of transmission, prevention.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in five tertiary care hospitals of Kolkata, for a period of three months. The sample size of 250 nursing staffs from 5 hospitals were selected by applying simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by oral questionnaire method and results were analysed by appropriate statistical methods.Results: Among the 250 respondents, 62% received training on HIV/AIDS, 79.6% were aware of the fact that HIV/AIDS is caused by a virus, 86% of respondents correctly know that HIV is the agent that causes AIDS and 65% of respondents correctly answered that later stage of HIV is known as AIDS. It was observed that most of the respondents (94%) have good knowledge about spread of HIV via different modes of sexual contact. The fact that AIDS can be transmitted through blood in various ways is also known to most of nurses.Conclusions: The results of this study can be utilized in stressing on the importance of imparting training to the nurses and other healthcare workers related to HIV/AIDS patient care.
Perceived barriers and facilitators of healthy eating and physical activity: focus groups with children, parents and teachers in Mumbai, India
Authors: Moitra Panchali , Madan Jagmeet
Published: May 2020

Background: Childhood offers a critical opportunity to inculcate healthy eating habits and promote adequate activity levels. Prior studies have assessed the factors that influence food choices and activity among children, however, these perspectives may vary considerably across communities, cultures and social environments. Knowledge regarding determinants of diet and activity related behaviors among children in India is lacking; understanding these influences will help to develop appropriate interventions. This qualitative study employed the tenets of the health belief model to identify barriers and facilitators of healthy eating and physical activity levels in children in Mumbai, India.Methods: Fourteen focus group discussions were conducted with children, parents and teachers, selected from three aided and three private schools in Mumbai. The transcripts were coded and analyzed using the scissor and sort method to derive common themes as per the protocol questions.Results: The discussions revealed four main themes, namely knowledge regarding non communicable diseases and physical activity guidelines, perceived susceptibility and severity of consequences of unhealthy behaviors, socio-environmental factors such as availability and accessibility of foods at school and home, facilities for sports and peer support and individual determinants that shape choices such as time, academic pressure, convenience and will power. Variety in canteen menus, ‘fun’ outdoor activities, daily screen time monitoring and parent role modeling emerged as key facilitators.Conclusions: The results reiterated a need to improve parents’ nutrition knowledge, enforce strict school food sale policies and generate interest and motivation among children through targeted behavior change communication strategies.
Falls in elder ones
Authors: Jeergal Vasanti A. , Upadhye Aditi J. , Upadhye Jayshree J.
Published: May 2020

Background: Falls are a common and serious health problem with devastating consequences. The aim of present study was to find the prevalence of fall in elder ones and search for the causes so that preventive measures can be taken.Methods: 102 participants including males and females were interviewed to find the prevalence and causes of fall from 1st January to 29th February 2020. Data was collected and analyzed.Results: In present study, there was history of fall in 12 (25%) males and 22 (40.74%) females. 3 (6.25%) males and 8 (14.81%) females had history of one fall, 4 (8.33%) males and 9 (16.66%) females had history of 3 falls while 5 (10.41%) males and 5 (9.25%) females had history of more than two falls. In fallens, 10 (83.33%) males and 17 (77.27%) females were above 80 years of age. Fall was associated with fracture in 4 (33.33%) males and 7 (31.81%) females. Diabetes was present in 25 (52.08%) males and 40 (74.07%) females, hypertension was seen in 30 (62.5%) males and 23 (42.59%) females while Coronary heart disease was present in 13 (27.08%) males and 8 (14.81%) females.Conclusions: Prevalence of fall in senior citizens in our study was 25% in males and 40.74% in females. The major contributing factors for fall injuries were aging, visual impairment, previous history of fall, depression, and joint problem. Females had a higher risk of fall compared to males.
Water, sanitation and hygiene practices among adult women in a rural area of Kolar district, South India: a community based survey
Authors: Ramya Nagesh , Reddy Mahendra M. , Kamath Prasanna B. T.
Published: May 2020

Background: In developing countries, monitoring and assessing the change in water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) practices still remains to be a challenge especially in rural areas. The objective of the study was to assess the practices related to WaSH and factors associated with good WaSH practices among rural adult women belonging to Kolar district of Karnataka, India.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in a village of Kolar district during July - October 2018. Socio-demographic details and water related characteristics were collected from an adult female of the household using a pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule. The WaSH practices were captured using a set of 15 questions designed after a thorough literature search. WaSH score was categorised into good practice or not based on cut-off value of WaSH score ≥third quartile.Results: Out of total 108 households enlisted a total of 82 households (76%) comprising of 464 individuals was surveyed. The number of people reporting good WaSH practices was 40 (48.8%). Multivariable logistic regression model containing all independent variables studied showed statistical significance with respect to family type alone (nuclear family having statistically significance compared to three generation family; Odds ratio (95% Confidence Interval) =11.9 (2.7-52.0).Conclusions: One in two women had good WaSH practice and among the individual components use of soap after defecation was practiced in less than one in ten women under study.
Impact of COVID-19 on mental health of the elderly
Authors: Philip Joel , Cherian Vinu
Published: May 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented effect on the lives of people, irrespective of social demographics. The elderly, however, face special challenges, and it is imperative that healthcare professionals identify and highlight their special needs so that they can be adequately protected and supported through these trying times. Unless care is taken, the elderly as a group may face significant fallout with regard to their mental and psychological wellbeing.
Research on the Implementation of Preferential Tax Policies for Rural Finance in Si County, Anhui Province, China
Authors: Pan Qingyan
Published: May 2020

In recent years, Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of rural finance, who has introduced a series of policies to strengthen, benefit and enrich agriculture. Among them, financial tax preferential policy is an important part of rural financial policy, and also an important measure to promote the development of rural economy. By analyzing the economic situation since the implementation of rural financial tax preferential policies in Si County of Anhui Province, it has been found that there are some problems in Si County, such as capital outflow, inefficient use of capital, and difficult agricultural financing. In this regard, this paper puts forward optimization suggestions, hoping to provide some reference for rural development in China. 
T.B.C genital
Authors: Gómez T. Gustavo , Durán Plinio , Valderrama de Peláez Lucy
Published: May 2020

En el análisis de los factores comprometidos como causa de infertilidad en las parejas que consultaron en un período comprendido entre los años 1976-1978, a la Clínica de Infertilidad del Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología del Hospital Universitario del Valle, se encontró que aproximadamente el 50% correspondía al factor tubo-peritoneal; el factor masculino se vió comprometido en un 30%; en 10-15% fue responsable el factor ovárico y los factores restantes se engloban en el otro 5-8%.
Hallazgos histológicos en hemorragia uterina disfuncional
Authors: Cortes Caballero Carlos , Serrano Gómez Ruben , Gamboa G. Alvaro
Published: May 2020

Se revisaron las historias el ínicas y los hallazgos histólogicos de 100 mujeres con hemorragia uterina disfuncional. El 55% de ellas presentó ciclo irregular, hallazgos más frecuentes a medida que pasan los años. La mayoría de los endometrios fueron anormales (52%) . A mayor paridad más irregularidad en el ciclo. La manifestación clínica más frecuente fue la hipermenorrea (41%); la menos frecuente la polimenorrea. La hiperplasia está relacionada con la edad.
La biopsia de endometrio en infertilidad y como indicadora de insuficiencia luteínica
Authors: Angel M. Gilberto
Published: May 2020

Entre 1950 y 1983, hemos tenido la oportunidad de analizar 2.146 endometrios, en pacientes que han consultado por infertilidad. El 90.17% fueron inaptos para la implantación. De estos un 25.28% correspondieron a ciclos anovulatorios y un 64.89% a ciclos ovulatorios pero con manifestaciones más o menos intensas de insuficiencia luteínica, que los incapacitan para tener éxito en la siembra embrionaria. Es un tejido con escasos elementos nutritivos y baja irrigación, a semejanza de un terreno arcilloso que es poco apto para una buena cosecha. En solo 9.8% de las pacientes, su causa de infertilidad no radicaba en su endometrio, pues estos eran normales en las dos capas funcionales. Llama poderosamente la atención que al endometrio se le considere en plano secundario en el proceso de implantación. En las publicaciones relacionadas con la fertilización in vitro, es profusa la literatura sobre ovulación, maduración, proliferación folicular, fertilización, implantación, etc. y sobre el terreno en donde se va a producir la siembra, es muy poca. Todos los endometrios reciben el mismo tratamiento, con dosis iguales de progesterona por el mismo tiempo, con resultados de implantaciones mínimas. No merecerá el endometrio una mayor atención?La fertilización del óvulo bien sea en la trompa uterina de la madre o in vitro y la implantación posterior, natural o artificial, son procesos muy diferentes pero encaminados al mismo fin. Concebir un nuevo ser. Existe un proceso muy similar a cualquier cosecha y para obtener los frutos deseados, tenemos que contar con una buena semilla y sembrarla en terreno adecuado.
Discurso del profesor Rubén Darío Guzmán Alandete
Authors: Guzmán Alandete Rubén Darío
Published: May 2020

Con motivo de la conmemoración del Cuadragésimo Aniversario de la Fundación de la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología, la Compañía Ouímica Schering Colombiana ofreció un acto social a las Directivas de la Sociedad, a los señores Expresidentes de la misma y a otras personalidades.
Aspectos perinatales de las adolescentes
Authors: Barrios Amaya Jaime A. , Ramos Olier Alvaro , Arévalo Miranda Javier , Brown Morales Fernando , Castro Castillo Alvaro , Herrera Chico Raúl , Fontalvo Malo Oscar , Garzón Guzmán Marcial
Published: May 2020

La adolescencia es el período de transición entre la infancia y la edad adulta. Se caracteriza porque el individuo presenta un período de crecimiento físico rápido, busca liberarse de su familia, empieza a aceptar las responsabilidades propias y empieza a apartarse de las influencias de la casa; se interesa por su imagen corporal, aparecen nuevos impulsos sobre todo en el área sexual, y aparecen muchas inquietudes que intranquilizan a los jóvenes en esta edad (6).
Profilaxis de infección en cesárea con Mefoxitin
Authors: Jiménez B. Eduardo
Published: May 2020

El número de cesáreas preserna una tendencia al aumento en los últimos años, debido a un uso más liberal de la misma, no solo para evitar la muerte del producto, sino también para evitar lesiones que puedan interferir en el futuro desarrollo del feto.
Abay as a linguistic-creative personality, a translator
Authors: Abisheva Klara M. , Karimova Kamar K. , Kapanova Aizhan K.
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the interpretation of the translator’s linguistic-creative personality’s nature. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the translator’s creative ability issue has not yet been resolved. Nevertheless, some translator’s creative activity’s manifestations are noted in the text of the translation. The objective of the research is to study the ways of the linguistic creativity actualizing of Abay as a translator. The method of translation analysis is used, the strategy of meaning, the strategy of transformation, the strategy of associative thinking and various transformations are described. In the course of the study certain results are obtained: the possibility of manifesting the translator’s creative ability, the translator’s linguistic creativity, his egocentricity; the methods of Abay’s translation activity are comprehended and studied, as well as the strategies applied by him for the creative transformation of the source text are revealed. We pay considerable attention to individual strategies of the translator that contribute to the creative abilities’ realization. It is concluded that manifestations of egocentricity and creativity of the translator in the translation activity process are possible.
Through “muddy grid”: psychoanalytic transfer as an artistic representation of multicultural paradigm in Lars von Trier’s film “Forbrydelsens element”
Authors: Kolchanov Vladimir V.
Published: May 2020

We explore the psychoanalytic transfer used by Danish director Lars von Trier in his debut film “Forbrydelsens element” (1984). We consider the stages of therapeutic sleep, its composition and structure. Along with hypnosis, we also analyze the motives of the artistic system of surrealism: strangulation, nausea, narcosis, sadistic and masochistic cruelties, drowning and poisoning, penis divinity, sewage and feces, decomposition of things, carrion and other unimaginable abominations. We show how surrealism becomes an integral part of the global modern art system – postmodernism. The closest attention is paid to such postmodern principle and methods of picturing reality as the distortion of chronotope, singularity and fold. We investigate “neomythologism” and the mystery of the film. Myths, secret allegories and magical practices of all times are involved in the demonstration of the first phenomenon. Path of the policeman character is presented as the initiation of the “neophyte” into the mystery, as katabasis, as Jung's archetype of “knight’s departure into darkness”. A special place in the work is given to the analysis of satirical means of influence on the viewer: elements of farce, slapstick and grotesque. In this field of Lars von Trier’s caustic satire lies a policy of multiculturalism, still pursued by the European Union countries and becoming the last, “night” coil in the era of the Christian civilization decline. Genres of past centuries (medieval mystery, idyll, phantasmagoria), presented in the film structure, also reinforce its satirical and pressing nature.
Verbal and nonverbal means of persuasiveness in business presentations
Authors: Kirova Anastasia V.
Published: May 2020

To attract a potential customer a presenter should be capable of mastering verbal and nonverbal communication tools. To increase sales, speaker has to use all accessible means in the best way in order to grab customers’ attention and get them to purchase new product. The article investigates interconnections between verbal and nonverbal means for achieving persuasiveness in business presentations. The aim is to analyze the use and connection of verbal and nonverbal means in business presentations performed by one of the most outstanding speakers Mr. Steve Jobs. The conducted analyses showed that effective verbal (stylistic devices, powerful language, lexical diversity) and nonverbal means (posture, gestures, eye contact, clothing, voice and pause) are important in business presentations to achieve persuasiveness.
A mediação pedagógica de professoras de crianças com autismo
Authors: Soares Francisca Maria Gomes Cabral , Nunes Leila Regina d’Oliveira de Paula
Published: May 2020

A educação especial inclusiva requer como um dos aspectos fundamentais reconhecer as características da deficiência do aluno e saber quais instrumentos podem facilitar o aprendizado e a elaboração de estratégias favoráveis ao ensino. Neste estudo, parte da construção de uma tese da primeira autora, orientada pela segunda, o objetivo foi identificar e descrever modos de avaliação dos níveis de mediação pedagógica de professoras em suas práticas para alfabetizar e letrar crianças que estão no Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa com caráter qualiquantitativo de delineamento quase-experimental intrassujeito do tipo A-B (linha de base/intervenção), utilizando-se como instrumento para análise dos dados a Escala de Aprendizagem Mediada (EAM). Os resultados sinalizam que a referida escala como instrumento metodológico possibilita aferir níveis de mediação pedagógica e favorece a discussão sobre as interações entre alunos e professores. Discute-se a partir dos achados do estudo o formato de programas de formação continuada em serviço, como a investigação afetou o processo de aprendizagem de todos os envolvidos e que vantagens e dificuldades estiveram presentes no decorrer da pesquisa.
Análise da concepção política do Currículo São Paulo Faz Escola
Authors: Leandro Filho José Antônio , Francisco Marcos Vinicius , Alaniz Erika Porceli
Published: May 2020

Assume-se a premissa de que todo currículo escolar esboça a ideologia de um governo e de seus agentes. Nesta investigação, analisou-se a concepção política presente no currículo do Estado de São Paulo, intitulado São Paulo Faz Escola. Esta é uma pesquisa crítico-interpretativa e adotou-se como procedimento metodológico a análise documental. Assumiu-se como referencial teórico e epistemológico o Método do Materialismo Histórico Dialético. Os resultados apontam que a política educacional praticada no referido estado confere ênfase ao discurso de competências e habilidades, em consonância com os cânones do neoliberalismo. Tais preceitos advêm das influências dos órgãos regulatórios internacionais que se encontram a serviço do capital e que privilegiam a educação voltada para a adaptação ao mercado de trabalho e a manutenção das relações sociais. Constatou-se, ainda, que o currículo é pragmático, sendo oferecida uma versão pronta e acabada para professores e estudantes, aspectos esses que esvaziam o sentido e significado da práxis-pedagógica, numa perspectiva transformadora.
Liberais, católicos e a educação da mulher: Afrânio Peixoto e Madre Peeters (Brasil, 1930-1950)
Authors: Duarte Bruna Aparecida Rodrigues , Gatti Júnior Décio
Published: May 2020

Trata-se da comunicação de resultados de investigação na área de História da Educação, cujo foco está relacionado ao exame da educação da mulher nas concepções liberal e católica, tendo como fonte privilegiada dois importantes livros em circulação no Brasil, desde a década de 1930, a saber: “Noções de Sociologia”, de Madre Peeters (1935), e a “A Educação da Mulher”, de Afrânio Peixoto (1936), nomeado “Eunice ou a Educação da Mulher” nas edições posteriores. Para tanto, houve cotejamento da bibliografia de referência com o conteúdo disposto nas duas obras mencionadas. Depreende-se do material analisado o reconhecimento dos antagonismos existentes na forma de liberais e de católicos tomarem o processo de formação da mulher e de seu papel na sociedade.
O Processo de Bolonha e a internacionalização do ensino superior na Europa: uma experiência multicultural
Authors: Cachapuz António
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é contribuir para uma reflexão conjunta sobre problemáticas de internacionalização das instituições de ensino superior (IESs) no quadro do Espaço Europeu de Ensino Superior (EEES). Embora a construção do EEES/Processo de Bolonha (PB) (1999) seja hoje em dia frequentemente criticada como projeto político legitimando a lógica economicista no quadro da globalização neoliberal em curso, e não ao serviço do desenvolvimento humano de carácter cooperativo e emancipatório, é inegável que algo se conseguiu na internacionalização das IESs na Europa. Neste trabalho, por meio de uma análise de conteúdo documental, analisam-se estratégias seguidas pelas IESs aderentes ao PB; por exemplo: (i) organização curricular de modo a mais facilmente transferirem internacionalmente as aquisições curriculares obtidas por intermédio de um novo sistema de unidades de crédito transferíveis (ECTS); (ii) oferta de novos programas de mobilidade (Erasmus +) para docentes e estudantes; (iii) processos de integração transnacionais em redes. Num segundo tempo, apresentam-se cenários possíveis de internacionalização. Os cenários, embora não sejam únicos, representam possibilidades de entender a internacionalização e ajudam a refletir sobre o campo de estudo e a partilha de ideias. Neste contexto, especifica-se o caso da universidade de Aveiro, Portugal, que integra a Rede Ibero-Americana GIEPES. Nas notas finais, discute-se o eventual interesse na criação de um espaço latino-americano de Educação Superior.
Construindo cenários de mobilidade acadêmica: o processo de internacionalização em uma universidade comunitária
Authors: Canan Silvia Regina , Sudbrack Edite Maria , Silva Thais Campos da
Published: May 2020

O artigo em tela retrata os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa quali/quantitativa sobre o processo de internacionalização no âmbito de uma universidade comunitária do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, situada na região noroeste do estado. O projeto, financiado pela Fapergs, foi desenvolvido no Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Processos de Educação Superior (NEPPES), o qual integra a Rede GIEPES (Grupo Internacional de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação Superior), e teve por objetivo: “Investigar como a URI tem construído seu processo de internacionalização, levando em consideração os documentos oficiais da universidade, os Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos de Graduação, os Projetos dos Programas Stricto Sensu, tendo em vista que a internacionalização vem sendo considerada, hoje, a quarta missão da universidade”. Ao investigar a temática, foi possível concluir que houve um avanço no conceito de internacionalização e uma maior integração por meio de ações e convênios com universidades latino-americanas, contrariando os primeiros indícios de internacionalização que apontavam para um número muito mais expressivo de convênios assinados com universidades europeias; e, por fim, que, mesmo que o número de acadêmicos e professores que vivenciaram processos de mobilidade acadêmica pareça ser baixo em relação a grandes universidades, ele foi muito significativo se considerarmos o locus onde desenvolvemos a pesquisa.
“A chave está na troca” − estudantes de mobilidade como vetores da internacionalização em casa
Authors: Baranzeli Caroline , Costa Morosini Marília , Woicolesco Vanessa Gabrielle
Published: May 2020

A internacionalização pela mobilidade é dominante no contexto latino-americano. Todavia observa-se que três tendências afetam diretamente seus avanços: 1) o baixo número de estudantes estrangeiros que escolhem a América Latina como local de estudos; 2) a carência de políticas estratégicas nacionais e institucionais para internacionalização das Instituições de Educação Superior; e 3) a escassez de recursos para o envio de estudantes locais para o exterior. Assim, faz-se necessário ampliar a perspectiva de mobilidade, buscando novas alternativas de internacionalização que atinjam um público mais amplo e tragam benefícios para a sociedade como um todo. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo compreender como a experiência de estudantes brasileiros que realizaram mobilidade foi aproveitada no contexto local de suas instituições de origem. A metodologia é caracterizada como qualitativa. Foram conduzidas entrevistas com estudantes de Instituições de Educação Superior privadas e as análises foram produzidas com princípios de Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). Os resultados apontam para o interesse dos estudantes em compartilhar suas vivências e a atuação em projetos diferenciados e interdisciplinares adquiridos no exterior. Todavia observa-se a falta de estratégias organizacionais para a utilização das competências adquiridas pelos estudantes em suas experiências de mobilidade.
Internacionalización en instituciones de Educación Superior: el caso de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Leiva Guerrero María Verónica , Embry Hery Segovia
Published: May 2020

El desarrollo de la Internacionalización en las instituciones de Educación Superior se ha convertido en un aspecto fundamental para abordar las demandas del medio, en un contexto de mayor interacción e integración de países en aspectos económicos, culturales y sociales, instalando progresivamente la dimensión internacional en los distintos espacios del quehacer académico y gestión institucional. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo describir los procesos de internacionalización de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (PUCV) en lo referido a movilidad estudiantil. Para ello, se desarrolló un estudio documental cuantitativo (BAENA, 1985), recolectándose información a través de análisis de documentos y estadísticas de fuentes internas de la Universidad. Los resultados muestran que la movilidad estudiantil se ha instalado como una de las acciones de internacionalización fundamentales en su Plan de Desarrollo Estratégico, para consolidar la Cooperación Académica Internacional a través de la creación y fortalecimiento de redes de cooperación para la movilidad estudiantil, por medio de los programas de intercambio para cursar un semestre en universidades extranjeras en convenio con la PUCV y de certificación del español como lengua extranjera. Dichas acciones han posicionado a la PUCV como la segunda institución de Educación Superior con mayor movilidad de estudiantes del país. Sin embargo, la cantidad de estudiantes de la PUCV que se movilizan a universidades extranjeras es muy menor en relación a los estudiantes de universidades extranjeras que cursan estudios en la PUCV.
The Relationship Between Quadriceps Muscle Atrophy and Proprioception Function in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Susanti Ayu , Wardhani Rr. Indrayuni Lukitra , Pawana I Putu Alit
Published: May 2020

Background: Osteoarthritis of the knee (OA) patients can experience impaired proprioceptive function which causes instability, balance disorder and limited activity. Further analysis is needed to detect changes that occur. There are two methods to evaluate the speed and angle of a particular motion as an analysis of the function of proprioception, Time to Detect Passive Movements (TTDPM) and Joint Position Sense (JPS).Aim: To analyze the relationship between quadriceps muscle atrophy with proprioception in knee osteoarthritis patients.Methods: The design of this research is cross sectional analysis done in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia. There were 25 knee OA patients (2 men and 23 women) with each subject had proprioception (JPS and TTDPM) function measured using isokinetics dynamometer on both sides of the knee.Results: This study shows the atrophic side had greater pain intensity and greater disturbance of proprioception. In addition, there were significant differences in JPS measurements at  angle of 30⁰, and 60⁰ and TTDPM (p <0.05). No difference obtained at 45⁰ measurements angle.Conclusion: In this study, there was no association between quadriceps atrophy and function of proprioception in knee osteoarthritis patients. This was due to a number of confounding factors that cannot be controlled such as duration, difference in pain intensity, OA severity, physical activity before measurement, and fatigue which can affect proprioception function and bring misinterpretation on measurements.
O orçamento público como instrumento de concretização da dignidade da pessoa humana
Authors: Suxberger Antonio Henrique Graciano , Lemos Rubin
Published: May 2020

A implementação de direitos em face da escassez de recursos é tema atual e urgente. O artigo objetiva demonstrar que, quando previstos no orçamento público, a implementação dos direitos fundamentais afasta-se da discussão sobre “reserva do possível”. Sustenta a ausência de plausibilidade da negativa ou prestação parcial daquilo que consta no mecanismo de planejamento das políticas públicas. A problematização parte do sentido de dignidade humana, objetivo constitucionalmente estabelecido para o Estado brasileiro. Seguidamente, indica o orçamento público como garantia de realização das políticas públicas, para asseverar vinculação indissociável entre a concretização da dignidade da pessoa humana, pressuposto de uma democracia plena e efetiva, e a exigência de fidelidade à peça orçamentária, instrumento de planejamento das políticas públicas em geral. Metodologicamente, o artigo promove revisão da literatura específica sobre as categorias dignidade da pessoa e orçamento público e propõe discussão jurídico-compreensiva do orçamento público como instrumento de concretização de direitos.
Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated from Frozen Chicken Meat in Bangladesh
Authors: Parvin Mst. Sonia , Talukder Sudipta , Ali Md. Yamin , Chowdhury Emdadul Haque , Rahman Md. Tanvir , Islam Md. Taohidul
Published: May 2020

Escherichia coli is known as one of the most important foodborne pathogens in humans, and contaminated chicken meat is an important source of foodborne infection with this bacterium. The occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli (ESBL-Ec), in particular, in chicken meat is considered a global health problem. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of E. coli, with special emphasis on ESBL-Ec, along with their phenotypic antimicrobial resistance pattern in frozen chicken meat. The study also focused on the determination of ESBL-encoding genes in E. coli. A total of 113 frozen chicken meat samples were purchased from 40 outlets of nine branded supershops in five megacities in Bangladesh. Isolation and identification of E. coli were done based on cultural and biochemical properties, as well as PCR assay. The resistance pattern was determined by the disc diffusion method. ESBL-encoding genes were determined by multiplex PCR. The results showed that 76.1% of samples were positive for E. coli, of which 86% were ESBL producers. All the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Resistance to 9–11 and 12–13 antimicrobial classes was observed in 38.4% and 17.4% isolates, respectively, while only 11.6% were resistant to 3–5 classes. Possible extensive drug resistance (pXDR) was found in 2.3% of isolates. High single resistance was observed for oxytetracycline (93%) and amoxicillin (91.9%), followed by ampicillin (89.5%), trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, and pefloxacin (88.4%), and tetracycline (84.9%). Most importantly, 89.6% of isolates were resistant to carbapenems. All the isolates were positive for the blaTEM gene. However, the blaSHV and blaCTX-M-2 genes were identified in two ESBL-non producer isolates. None of the isolates carried the blaCTX-M-1 gene. This study provided evidence of the existence of MDR and pXDR ESBL-Ec in frozen chicken meat in Bangladesh, which may pose a risk to human health if the meat is not properly cooked or pickled raw only. This emphasizes the importance of the implementation of good slaughtering and processing practices by the processors.
Deep Sensing: Inertia and Ambient Sensing for Activity Context Recognition Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Otebolaku Abayomi , Enamamu Timibloudi , Alfouldi Ali , Ikpehai Augustine , Marchang Jims
Published: May 2020

With the widespread of embedded sensing capabilities of mobile devices, there has been unprecedented development of context-aware solutions. This allows the proliferation of various intelligent applications such as those for remote health and lifestyle monitoring, intelligent personalized services, etc. However, activity context recognition based on multivariate time series signals obtained from mobile devices in unconstrained conditions is naturally prone to imbalance class problems. This means that recognition models tend to predict classes with the majority number of samples whilst ignoring classes with the least number of samples, resulting in poor generalization. To address this problem, we propose to augment the time series signals from inertia sensors with signals from ambient sensing to train deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) models. DCNN provides the characteristics that capture local dependency and scale invariance of these combined sensor signals. Consequently, we developed a DCNN model using only inertial sensor signals and then developed another model that combined signals from both inertia and ambient sensors aiming to investigate the class imbalance problem by improving the performance of the recognition model. Evaluation and analysis of the proposed system using data with imbalanced classes show that the system achieved better recognition accuracy when data from inertial sensors are combined with those from ambient sensors such as environment noise level and illumination, with an overall improvement of 5.3% accuracy.
Prediction of Postoperative Outcomes Following Hip Fracture Surgery: Independent Validation and Recalibration of the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score
Authors: Doherty William J. , Stubbs Thomas A. , Chaplin Andrew , Reed Mike R. , Sayer Avan A. , Witham Miles D. , Sorial Antony K.
Published: May 2020

Objectives: Independent validation of risk scores after hip fracture is uncommon, particularly for evaluation of outcomes other than death. We aimed to assess the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) for prediction of mortality, physical function, length of stay and postoperative complications. Design: Analysis of routinely collected prospective data. Setting and Participants: Consecutive hip fracture patients were identified from the Northumbria hip fracture database between 2014-2018. Patients were excluded if they were not surgically managed or if scores for predictive variables were missing. Methods: C-statistics were calculated to test the discriminant ability of the NHFS, Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS), and ASA grade for in-hospital, 30- and 120-day mortality, functional independence at discharge, 30-days and 120-days, length of stay, and postoperative complications. Results We analysed data from 3208 individuals, mean age 82.6 (SD 8.6). 2192 (70.9%) were female. 194 (6.3%) died during the first 30-days, 1686 (54.5%) were discharged to their own home, 211 (6.8%) had no functional mobility at 120-days, 141 (4.6%) experienced a postoperative complication. The median length of stay was 18 days (IQR 8-28). For mortality, c-statistics for the NHFS ranged from 0.68-0.69, similar to ASA and AMTS. For functional independence, the c-statistics for the NHFS ranged from 0.74-0.83, similar to AMTS (0.61-0.82) and better than the ASA grade (0.68-0.71). Length of stay was significantly correlated with each score (p<0.001 by Jonckheere-Terpstra test); NHFS and AMTS showed inverted U-shaped relationships with length of stay. The best predictor of postoperative complications was ASA grade (0.56-0.64), whilst NHFS (0.49-0.59) and AMTS (0.48-0.57) performed similarly poorly. Conclusions and Implications: The NHFS performed consistently well in predicting functional outcomes, moderately in predicting mortality, but less well in predicting length of stay and complications. There remains room for improvement by adding further predictors such as measures of physical performance in future analyses.
Effect of Meal Frequency on the Loss Weight, Glycemia, Lipid Profile, Plasma Ghrelin and Energy Expenditure of Women With Obesity: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Duarte Grangeiro Érika , Silva Trigueiro Mariana , de Oliveira Siais Leysimar , Moreira Paiva Hilana , Sola-Penna Mauro , Lopes Rosado Eliane
Published: May 2020

Dietary approach is essential to obesity control, but the effectiveness of changes in meal frequency (MF) as strategies for loss and maintenance of body mass remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MF on a hypocaloric diet on weight loss, active ghrelin levels and metabolic indicators of women with obesity. This is a randomized, parallel clinical trial, including forty women, randomized in two groups, both following a hypocaloric diet, according to MF (G1 – six meals/day; G2 – three meals/day). Dietary, laboratory, anthropometric and body composition indicators were assessed, as well as energy expenditure (EE), before and after the 90 days of intervention. After intervention, both groups decreased body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass (FM), insulin and HOMA-IR. G1 increased insulin sensitivity and G2 reduced triglyceride and FM and increased fat-free mass (FFM). MF increased ghrelin levels. There were no differences in EE variables. Hypocaloric diet with different MF promoted a reduction in total weight, BMI, WC and FM and an improvement in glycidic metabolism. However, the accomplishment of the three meals/day increased the FFM and active ghrelin and reduced triglyceride, while six meals/day was more beneficial in increasing insulin sensitivity.
Comparative Docking Studies on Curcumin with COVID-19 Proteins
Authors: Suravajhala Renuka , Parashar Abhinav , Malik Babita , Nagaraj Arun V. , Padmanaban Govindarajan , Kavi Kishor PB , Polavarapu Rathnagiri , Suravajhala Prashanth
Published: May 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a respiratory syndrome caused by positive RNA virus resulting in outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The SARS-CoV-2 genome and its association to SAR-CoV-1 vary from ca. 66% to 96% depending on the type of betacoronavirdeae family members. With several drugs, viz. chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, quinidine, artemisinin, remdesivir, azithromycin considered for clinical trials, there has been an inherent need to find distinctive antiviral mechanisms of these drugs. On the other hand, curcumin, a natural bioactive molecule has been shown to have a therapeutic potential for various diseases, but no role of it in COVID-19 has been explored. In this work, we show the binding potential of curcumin targeted to a host of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, viz. spike glycoproteins (PDB ID: 6VYB), nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (PDB ID: 6VYO), membrane glycoprotein (PDB ID: 6M17) along with nsp10 (PDB ID: 6W4H) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (PDB ID: 6M71) structures. Our results indicate that curcumin has potential antiviral protein binding affinity towards SARS-CoV-2 proteins which is comparable with other repurposed drugs that are considered for clinical trials.
Knowledge, Awareness and Perceptions of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Cohort of Indian Dental Professionals: A Questionnaire-Based Study
Authors: Kinariwala Niraj , Samaranayake Lakshman , Perera Irosha , Patel Zeal
Published: May 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 is an unprecedented global public health emergency currently impacting India in an unprecedented manner. Aim of this study was to assess knowledge, awareness, perceptions and related factors of Indian dentists on COVID-19. Methodology: A cross-sectional, on-line questionnaire-based study was conducted over one week between 3rd May, 2020 to 10th May, 2020. The sample comprised 403 Indian dentists in solo, group practices and in the academic arena. The self-administered questionnaire assessed 1) knowledge/awareness on factors related to COVID-19 patient identification and symptomatology, 2) knowledge/awareness of COVID-19 transmission and 3) perceptions of COVID-19 history taking procedure. Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY., USA). Frequency distributions and logistic regression analyses were used. Results: Indian dentists demonstrated an overall modest level of knowledge on identification of patients with COVID-19. Moreover, they had a high level of awareness of the COVID-19 transmission means, and the generally accepted procedural perceptions on patient history taking. However, there were some gaps in specific aspects of knowledge and perceptions. Those who were aged ≥ 30-years had a significantly higher level of knowledge of patient identification means than those who were < 30-years (OR=1.78:1.12-2.83); p=0.01. Moreover, specialized dentists were significantly knowledgeable of COVID-19 transmission means than the general dentists (OR=1.89:1.22-2.93; p=0.004). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate identifiable gaps in knowledge/awareness and perceptions of COVID-19 in Indian dental professionals. These gaps should be fulfilled, at the earliest, due to the rising burden of COVID-19 in India, to ensure safe dental care delivery.
Oral Tumour Cell Migration and the Effect of the Local Soluble Factors from the Microenvironment on Signalling Pathways. Is It All about the Akt?
Authors: Ahmed Hanan , Ghoshal Arpa , Jones Sarah , Ellis Ian , Islam Mohammad
Published: May 2020

Oral cancer cells (TYS) and the signalling pathways involved in metastasis, in response to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs, COM) and normal oral mucosal fibroblasts (MM1) was studied. Metastatic cell behaviour was observed by cell-scatter, 3D-collagen gel migration and 3D-spheroid invasion assays. Akt, MAPK, EGFR, TGFβRii and CXCR4 inhibitors were used to identify the signalling pathways involved. Signalling pathway protein expression and activation were assessed by SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting. COM-CM (conditioned medium) and MM1-CM stimulated cancer cell scattering, which was blocked only by the Akt inhibitor. COM-CM induced scattered cancer cells showed higher levels of Akt phosphorylation than the negative control and MM1-CM. Migration and invasion of TYS cells into the collagen gels from the spheroids was stimulated by CM from both sources, compared to the negative control. COM cells stimulated TYS, cancer cell invasion into the collagen more than MM1 and the control. Akt and EGFR inhibitors effectively blocked CM and COM cell-induced invasion. Akt-silenced cancer cells were not stimulated to migrate and invade by fibroblast-CM and did not survive addition of the EGFR inhibitor. This suggests that CAFs stimulate oral cancer cell migration and invasion in an Akt- dependent manner. EGFR and Akt are potential therapy targets in metastatic oral cancer.