bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mi Gente, Nuestra Salud: Protocol for a People's Movement for Health Ownership
Authors: Tseng Marilyn , Espinoza-Kulick Mario Alberto Viveros , Munoz-Christian Karen , Gilbert Irebid , Herrera Patty , Salazar Esperanza , Vinchhi Tejal , Ramirez Antonio , Martinez Bernarda , Soto Gloria , Macedo Cristina , Kelleher Anita , Torres Irma , Perez Maritza , Diego Valeria , Gonzalez Elisa , Phelan Suzanne
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Background: Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an increasingly recognized approach to address health inequities. Although in CBPR all processes occur within the community context, its diagrammatic model places the intervention/research outside of the community rather than conceptualizing it as an event in a complex web of system components. Objectives: We sought to 1) introduce a systems-oriented community ownership conceptual framework that integrates a systems perspective with CBPR and 2) to describe an application of this framework in the form of the Mi Gente, Nuestra Salud initiative, a research-based, action-oriented collaboration between Cal Poly investigators and community partners in Santa Maria and Guadalupe, California. Methods: We conducted a stocktake of community assets and partnerships in Santa Maria and Guadalupe, among California's poorest and most medically underserved cities; created marketing materials; launched the initiative in December 2020; and collected survey and interview data on community health concerns. An advisory board guides direction of the work. Activities are intended to affect partnerships (who is involved in actions and decisions) and processes (what actions will be taken), as well as resources (e.g., building human and social capital by changing narratives of local, historically rooted power dynamics and offering peer learning opportunities on advocacy and health care interactions). Implementation challenges within this framework are also discussed. Conclusions: By de-centering specific interventions and conceptualizing them as single events in a complex web, our system-oriented community ownership model brings the focus back to the system itself, and to system-based processes and solutions, while still guided by CBPR principles.
Bimetallism, Coinage, and Empire in Persian Anatolia
Authors: Ellis-Evans Aneurin , Kagan Jonathan
Published: December 2023

Abstract: A re-examination of the numismatic, epigraphic, and literary evidence suggests that the silver/gold exchange rate in Persian-controlled Asia Minor fluctuated downwards in the late fifth and fourth centuries b.c.e. in response to the supply of gold and silver in neighbouring Greece. This has consequences for the economic and political history of this region. Abstract: Une réévaluation des sources numismatiques, épigraphiques et littéraires suggère que le taux de change argent / or en Asie Mineure sous contrôle perse a eu tendance à diminuer à la fin du ve et au ive siècle a. C. en réaction aux quantités d'or et d'argent présentes en Grèce voisine. Ceci n'est pas sans conséquence sur l'histoire économique et politique de cette région.
Propagation of integral and fractional perfect vortex beams in a gradient-index medium
Authors: Zhang Hanghang
Published: December 2023

The analytical expressions for the complex amplitude of integral and fractional perfect vortex (PV) beams propagating in a gradient-index (GRIN) medium are derived. The intensity and phase distributions, propagation trajectories, Poynting vectors, and the effects of topological charge and refractive index at the medium axis on the intensity of both beams in the medium are numerically investigated. It is shown that both beams propagate periodically in the GRIN medium with alternating spot focusing and reconstruction. Unlike the integral PV beam, the fractional PV beam has a dark line in intensity profiles and a line edge dislocation in phase distributions along the positive x-axis. These properties persist during the beam propagation in the GRIN medium. Moreover, the topological charge and the refractive index at the medium axis have little effect on the intensity of the PV beam propagating in the GRIN medium. The results presented in this paper may be useful for the application of integral and fractional PV beams in optical guiding and optical communications.
Unbiased centroiding of point targets close to the Cramer Rao limit
Authors: Hechenblaikner Gerald
Published: December 2023

Systematic errors affecting center-of-gravity (CoG) measurements may occur from coarse sampling of the point-spread-function (PSF) or from signal truncation at the boundaries of the region-of-interest (ROI). For small ROI and PSF widths, these effects are shown to become dominant, but this can be mitigated by introducing novel unbiased estimators that are largely free of systematic error and perform particularly well for low photon numbers. Analytical expressions for the estimator variances, comprising contributions from photon shot noise, random pixel noise, and residual systematic error, are derived and verified by Monte Carlo simulations. The accuracy and computational speed of the unbiased estimators are compared to those of other common estimators, including iteratively weighted CoG, thresholded CoG, iterative least squares fitting, and two-dimensional Gaussian regression. Each estimator is optimized with respect to ROI size and PSF radius and its error compared to the theoretical limit defined by the Cramer Rao lower bound (CRLB). The unbiased estimator with full systematic error correction operating on a small ROI [3×3] emerges as one of the most accurate estimators while requiring significantly less computing effort than alternative algorithms.
Continuous frequency tuning of an external cavity diode laser significantly beyond the free spectral range by sweeping the injection current
Authors: Takamizawa Akifumi
Published: December 2023

In this study, the focus is on continuously tuning an external cavity diode laser equipped with an antireflection-coated laser diode over a 14.8 GHz range, 4.5 times larger than the free spectral range, using only injection current sweeps. In contrast, the absence of antireflection coating led to a tuning range of only one-fifth of the free spectral range, accompanied by hysteresis on mode hops. Theoretical analysis of this observed hysteresis suggests that broad tuning can be achieved when the longitudinal modes of the solitary laser diode are eliminated through the antireflection coating.
Spatiotemporal coupling induced controllable orientation of photonic orbital angular momentum at subwavelength scale
Authors: Zhang Zhaorui , Gu Si , Gu Bing , Li Bingjue , Rui Guanghao
Published: December 2023

Recently, the emergence of transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) as a novel characteristic of light has captured substantial attention, and the significance of adjustable OAM orientation has been underscored due to its pivotal role in the interaction between light and matter. In this work, we introduce a novel approach to manipulate the orientation of photonic OAM at subwavelength scales, leveraging spatiotemporal coupling. By tightly focusing a wavepacket containing dual spatiotemporal vortices and a spatial vortex through a high numerical aperture lens, the emergence of intricate coupling phenomena leads to entangled and intricately twisted vortex tunnels. As a consequence, the orientation of spatial OAM deviates from the conventional light axis. Through theoretical scrutiny, we unveil that the orientation of photonic OAM within the focal field is contingent upon the signs of the topological charges in both spatiotemporal and spatial domains. Additionally, the absolute values of these charges govern the precise orientation of OAM within their respective quadrants. Moreover, augmenting the pulse width of the incident light engenders a more pronounced deflection angle of photonic OAM. By astutely manipulating these physical parameters, unparalleled control over the spatial orientation of OAM becomes achievable. The augmented optical degrees of freedom introduced by this study hold considerable potential across diverse domains, including optical tweezers, spin-orbit angular momentum coupling, and quantum communication.
Near-unity circular dichroism enabled by toroidal dipole empowered bound states in the continuum for electrical switching and sensing
Authors: Cheng Yang , Li Junjie , Zeng Dongwen , Liu Wei , Liu Zhengqi , Liu Guiqiang
Published: December 2023

Near-unity circular dichroism (CD) with high quality (Q)-factors has wide applications in chiral lasers, modulators, detectors, etc. In this work, we firstly suggest a feasible approach to realize near-unity CD (∼0.94) with a high Q-factor (>2 × 104) supported by a toroidal dipole (TD) empowered superchiral quasi-bound states in the continuum (BICs) metasurface. Based on intensity, excellent electrical switching is achieved by adjusting the Fermi energy of the graphene on the metasurface. High refractive index sensitivity (136.2 nm/RIU) and figure of merit (1135 RIU−1) demonstrate its superior chiral sensing detection performance. Moreover, the near-unity CD displays a large robustness to the asymmetry offset. Our work paves a feasible avenue for well-designed superchiral quasi-BIC metasurfaces with high Q-factor near-unity CD for chiral applications in electrically tunable modulators, switches, sensors, etc.
Generative AI Meets Scientific Publishing
Authors: Powers Melanie Padgett
Published: December 2023

Will tools like ChatGPT help or impede the process of
disseminating reliable, peer-reviewed scientific information? It’s
complicated …
Lasers and Optics in Archaeology
Authors: Daukantas Patricia
Published: December 2023

Optical technologies, from airborne lidar to handheld chemical
analyzers, give researchers broad views of ancient civilizations, yet
focus down to the smallest shards of glass.
Adaptive Optics: Assessing Vision, Disease and Treatment
Authors: Marcos Susana , Sabesan Ramkumar , Hammer Daniel X.
Published: December 2023

Recent research in using adaptive optics techniques for the human
eye enables new scientific insights and clinical applications.
Real-time Phase Retrieval in Division of Aperture Microscopy with the Transport of Intensity Equation
Authors: Fernández Ariel , Llaguno Juan , Silva Alejandro , Alonso Julia
Published: December 2023

The transport of intensity equation (TIE) allows to recover the phase of a microscopy sample from differently focused intensity measures along the axial direction of its optical field.
In the present work we propose a cost-effective technique for snapshot phase retrieval with TIE. The optics of a commercially available camera is replaced with a doublet system consisting of a microscope objective and a lenslet array with an extra lens mask attached to it. The system allows to obtain in real-time and with no mechanical shift of either the sample or the sensor the in-focus as well as a defocused image of the sample. From these two sub-aperture images intensity derivative term in TIE can then be approximated after image rectification. Phase is then retrieved for static as well as dynamic samples over the common view area. Validation experiments are presented.
Prevalence, severity and associated risk factors of anemia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in Sawla General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Hadgu Rishan , Husen Ahmed , Milkiyas Esayas , Alemayoh Niguse , Zemoy Robel , Tesfaye Azene , Tadesse Dagimawie , Manilal Aseer , Alemayehu Aklilu
Published: December 2023

Background

Anemia is a significant public health problem in HIV/AIDS patients worldwide. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and its risk factors among HIV-infected adults in Sawla General Hospital, southern Ethiopia.

Methods

A facility-based cross-sectional study involving HIV-infected adults was conducted in ART clinic of Sawla General Hospital from April 01 to May 31, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to recruit the study participants. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire and checklist. Hemoglobin concentration from venous blood was determined by HemoCue® 301 analyzer. Descriptive and inferential statistics, by Statistical Package for Social Science version 26.0, were applied; p-values ≤ 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered statistically significant.

Results

A total of 220 HIV-infected adults participated in this study. The prevalence of anemia was 38.6%, from which 90.6, 7.1, and 2.3% are mild, moderate, and severe anemia, respectively. Anemia among HIV-infected adults was significantly associated with CD4 cell count below 200 cells/mm3 (AOR: 4.32; 95% CI: 2.10–8.86), clinical stage III or above (AOR: 4.20; 95% CI: 1.06–16.62), five or more years duration of HIV infection (AOR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.08–4.94) and BMI below 18.5 kg/m2 (AOR: 3.82; 95% CI: 1.83–8.00).

Conclusion

Anemia is a moderate public health problem among the study population. Longer duration of HIV infection, advanced clinical stage, lower CD4 cell count, and BMI are risk factors for anemia. Therefore, early ART enrolment for HIV-infected adults with nutritional support and rigorous monitoring of CD4 cell count are essential to lower the prevalence.
Prevalence and molecular heterogeneity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in the Senoi Malaysian Orang Asli population
Authors: Xuan-Rong Koh Danny , Zailani Mohamed Afiq Hidayat , Raja Sabudin Raja Zahratul Azma , Muniandy Sanggari , Muhamad Hata Nur Awatif Akmal , Mohd Noor Siti Noor Baya , Zakaria Norhazilah , Othman Ainoon , Ismail Endom
Published: December 2023

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked genetic disorder characterized by reduced G6PD enzyme levels in the blood. This condition is common in populations exposed to malaria; an acute febrile disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. G6PD-deficient individuals may suffer from acute hemolysis following the prescription of Primaquine, an antimalarial treatment. The population at risk for such a condition includes the Senoi group of Orang Asli, a remote indigenous community in Malaysia. This study aimed to elucidate the G6PD molecular heterogeneity in this subethnic group which is important for malaria elimination. A total of 662 blood samples (369 males and 293 females) from the Senoi subethnic group were screened for G6PD deficiency using a quantitative G6PD assay, OSMMR2000-D kit with Hb normalization. After excluding the family members, the overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the studied population was 15.2% (95% CI: 11–19%; 56 of 369), with males (30 of 172; 17.4%) outnumbering females (26 of 197; 13.2%). The adjusted male median (AMM), defined as 100% G6PD activity, was 11.8 IU/gHb. A total of 36 participants (9.6%; 26 male and 10 female) were deficient (<30% of AMM) and 20 participants (5.4%; 4 male and 16 female) were G6PD-intermediate (30–70% of AMM). A total of 87 samples were genotyped, of which 18 showed no mutation. Seven mutations were found among 69 genotyped samples; IVS11 T93C (47.1%; n = 41), rs1050757 (3’UTR +357A>G)(39.1%; n = 34), G6PD Viangchan (c.871G>A)(25.3%; n = 22), G6PD Union (c.1360C>T)(21.8%; n = 19), c.1311C>T(20.7%; n = 18), G6PD Kaiping (c.1388G>A)(8.0%; n = 7), and G6PD Coimbra (c.592C>T)(2.3%; n = 2). Our analysis revealed 27 hemizygote males, 18 heterozygote females, 7 homozygote females, and 2 compound heterozygote females. This study confirms the high prevalence of G6PD deficiency among the Senoi Malaysian Orang Asli, with a significant degree of molecular heterogeneity. More emphasis should be placed on screening for G6PD status and proper and safe use of Primaquine in the elimination of malaria among this indigenous population.
In-silico selection of peptides for the recognition of imidacloprid
Authors: Aldulaijan Sarah
Published: December 2023

The sensitive detection of pesticides using low-cost receptors designed from peptides can widen their uses in the environmental surveillance for emerging pollutants. In-silico selection of peptides can help accelerate the design of receptor sequence banks for a given target of interest. In this work, we started from Lymnaea stagnalis acetylcholine-binding protein Q55R mutant receptor-imidacloprid complex, available in the PDB databank, to select three primary short peptides (YSP09, DMR12, WQW13 respectively having 9, 12 and 13 amino acids (AA) in length) from the pesticide interacting zones with the A, B and C chains of the nicotinic receptor. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we showed that the three peptides can form complexes with the target imidacloprid, having energies close to that obtained from a reference RNR12 peptide. Combination of these peptides allowed preparing a new set of longer peptides (YSM21, PSM22, PSW31 and WQA34) that have higher stability and affinity as shown by the MM-PBSA calculations. In particular, the WQA34 peptide displayed an average binding free energy of –6.44±0.27 kcal/mol, which is three times higher than that of the reference RNR12 peptide (–2.29±0.25 kcal/mol) and formed a stable complex with imidacloprid. Furthermore, the dissociation constants (Kd), calculated from the binding free energy, showed that WQA32 (40 μM) has three orders of magnitude lower Kd than the reference RNR12 peptide (3.4 × 104 μM). Docking and RMSD scores showed that the WQA34 peptide is potentially selective to the target imidacloprid with respect to acetamiprid and clothianidin. Therefore, this peptide can be used in wet-lab experiments to prepare a biosensor to selectively detect imidacloprid.
Influence of horizontal resistance loads on spatiotemporal and ground reaction force variables during maximal sprint acceleration
Authors: Sugisaki Norihide , Kobayashi Kai , Yoshimoto Takaya , Mitsukawa Naotoshi , Tsuchie Hiroyasu , Takai Yohei , Kanehisa Hiroaki
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to elucidate the influence of horizontal resistance loads on the spatiotemporal and ground reaction force (GRF) variables during maximal sprint acceleration. Nine male sprinters (20.2 ± 1.2 years; 175.3 ± 4.5 cm, 69.7 ± 6.1 kg) performed sprint-running with six loading conditions of one unresisted and five resisted loads of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 kg using a resistance training device with intelligent drag technology. During the trials, the GRFs for all steps were determined using a 50-m force plate system. The spatiotemporal and GRF variables at running velocity of every 0.5 m/s were obtained and compared across the loading conditions. The maximal running velocity under 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 kg loading conditions were 9.84 ± 0.41, 8.55 ± 0.41, 8.09 ± 0.33, 7.62 ± 0.34, 7.11 ± 0.31, and 6.71 ± 0.29 m/s, respectively. ANOVA revealed significant main effects of load on the measured variables (η2 = 0.236–0.715, p < 0.05), except for stance-averaged anteroposterior GRF and braking impulse. However, the observed differences between the loading conditions were small, with approximately 4% (1.3–7.5%) for the GRF variables and approximately 9% (1.2–22.3%) for the spatiotemporal variables. The present study indicates that horizontal resistance load in sprint acceleration has little impact on the spatiotemporal and GRF variables at a given running velocity. In contrast to a general recommendation, one should adopt a heavy load in resisted sprint aiming to improve performance in the earlier stage of maximal sprint acceleration.
Loneliness in old age: an ethnography in residences for the elderly
Authors: De Haro Honrubia Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Based on the results of ethnographic fieldwork carried out in residential institutions for the elderly which belong of the religious and International Congregation of the Little Sisters of the Abandoned Elderly, both national and foreign, in the following pages we address one of the main problems that affects that age group that bears the «mark» of old age. This problem is none other than loneliness, which, although it is not exclusive to the world of the elderly, has a notable incidence in this age group. Action is taken against the loneliness of the elderly in all the residences of that Congregation, resorting to what we call the ethic of care or “caring” that responds to a particular system of religious values, such as the Catholic one. Likewise, in all the centers that I have visited during mi fieldwork they try to avoid the isolation of the elderly by carrying out group activities with a supervisor.
O Café, a Livraria e a Herança Clássica
Authors: Mantas Vasco Gil
Published: December 2023

Procede-se a uma reflexão sobre o valor da Herança Clássica na sociedade contemporânea, ordenada sobre valores que lhe são alheios, considerados obsoletos e mesmo incorretos, ainda que continuem presentes e atuantes de múltiplas formas, para bem de um futuro que se apresenta nebuloso.
O escudeiro gabarola no teatro de Gil Vicente. Recriação de um velho tipo cómico: o soldado fanfarrão
Authors: Tavares de Faria Rui
Published: December 2023

De entre as personagens que constituem a galeria de tipos vicentinos, o escudeiro gabarola é uma figura cómica de sucesso garantido. Gil Vicente recria um velho modelo cómico, o do soldado fanfarrão, ao colocar em cena, na farsa Quem tem farelos? ou Auto do Escudeiro, no Auto da Índia e na Farsa de Inês Pereira, a personagem do escudeiro presunçoso. No presente artigo, estabelece-se a comparação entre os elementos caracterizadores do miles gloriosus, tal como representado na comédia antiga, e os traços que compõem o retrato do escudeiro vicentino, tal como representado nas peças referidas. Esta comparação permite não só destacar as semelhanças e as diferenças entre os dois modelos, como também caracterizar o processo artístico a que Gil Vicente submete o modelo clássico.
El empleo del teatro clássico como recurso didáctico: una propuesta a partir de la Orestíada de Esquilo
Authors: Hornero Cano Candela , Macías Villalobos Cristóbal
Published: December 2023

Son bien conocidas las posibilidades didácticas del teatro, como demuestran su uso en el ámbito de la Enseñanza Primaria, las posibilidades de la dramatización y de otras técnicas teatrales para potenciar todo lo referente a la lectoescritura en el aula de Lengua y Literatura o para la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras—en particular, la enseñanza del español como ELE—. El aprovechamiento del teatro en la enseñanza no es algo nuevo, pues ya ocurría en el Renacimiento con el empleo de colloquia y del teatro escolar para mejorar el conocimiento de la lengua latina, por ejemplo. En este artículo, después de repasar su empleo como herramienta propedéutica en estos ámbitos, articulamos toda una propuesta para el empleo de textos adaptados de La Orestíada de Esquilo, acompañados de un cuestionario, como complemento al estudio teórico de la tragedia dentro del temario de literatura griega de Bachillerato.
O espaço urbano do Porto: Condições naturais e desenvolvimento
Authors: Oliveira J. M. Pereira de
Published: December 2023

Dissertação de Doutoramento em Geografia apresentada à Faculdade de Letras da Universidadede Coimbra
Villancicos, tonos del Niño y otras músicas ecuatorianas de culto al nacimiento de Cristo
Authors: Alvarado Delgado Jannet Emperatriz
Published: December 2023

Villancicos, chanzonetas, cachuas, chigualos, tonos del Niño cuencanos y tonos de Niño riobambeños, son revisados en este artículo como géneros y piezas musicales con sus propias estéticas y contextos, desarrolladas en el Ecuador como resultado de las intrincadas relaciones de poder musical entre las culturas occidental, indígena y afroecuatoriana; por lo que, el objetivo general es, considerar cada género o pieza musical dedicada al culto del nacimiento de Cristo, como un elemento sonoro semiótico específico y no como parte de un conjunto de piezas, producto de variaciones de la música occidental. La metodología seleccionada para obtener el objetivo, utiliza técnicas de la investigación etnográfica, musicológica, de análisis histórico diacrónico, sincrónico y semiótico, dando como resultado la identificación de elementos musicales singulares de gran riqueza transcultural en cada género, de igual manera se han reconocido significados de compleja diversidad, así como de realidades socioculturales desiguales, racistas y sexistas; pero también códigos de otros saberes. La discusión y conclusiones ofrecen referentes para que cada género musical indagado sea reconocido como autónomo con su propia construcción sonora y estética.
La prima donna: conexiones simbólicas entre la ópera y el metal sinfónico
Authors: Castaño Sánchez Alicia
Published: December 2023

os conceptos de prima donna y diva han ido adoptando una valoración negativa hasta llegar a nuestros días la imagen de una cantante excéntrica y vanidosa. Parece ser que esta imagen trasciende los muros de la música clásica, siendo asumida en otros géneros como lo es el metal sinfónico. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es comparar musical, estética y culturalmente la prima donna de la ópera clásica con la cantante de metal sinfónico para averiguar si existen conexiones simbólicas entre ambas intérpretes. Para ello, se ha empleado el análisis de obras musicales, fotografías y entrevistas periodísticas donde hemos podido comprender una aproximación cultural bastante afín que nos muestra la cercanía entre la música clásica y las músicas populares urbanas a través de estas intérpretes.
Putyin káoszának kora – az orosz zűrzavar veszélyei – Tatiana Stanovaya: Putin’s Age of Chaos, The Dangers of Russian Disorder, Foreign Affairs, September/October 2023
Authors: Topercer Péter
Published: December 2023

Az Ukrajna elleni invázió 2022 februári megindítását követően kezdetben nem volt érzékelhető változás az orosz elit belpolitikához való hozzáállásában, és erre az orosz gazdaságot sújtó szankciók sem tudtak hatással lenni. Azonban ez 2022 őszére kezdett megváltozni, miután az ukrán hadsereg sikeres harkivi ellentámadására és a Krím-félszigetet Szocsival összekötő híd részleges megsemmisítésére nem érkezett érdemi válaszreakció a Kreml részéről, ami bizonytalanná tette a politikai és gazdasági szereplőket abban, hogy a háború kihathat-e az országuk területére is.
Potential Cost Savings in Medicare Part D Across Gastroenterology: An Assessment of Alternative Drug Sourcing
Authors: Bouvette Christopher A. , Bouvette Max , Yohannan Bryce , Rumman Amir , Ali Ijlal
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Until recently, the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid were restricted from negotiating drug cost. We assessed the potential impact of alternative drug sourcing models on Medicare Part D spending.

METHODS:

Twenty-seven drugs were extracted from 2021 Medicare Part D claims. Drug-specific/total spending was compared against cost at Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drugs Company, Costco Member Prescription Program, and Veterans Health Administration price point.

RESULTS:

Potential Part D savings were $798.99 million, $573.84 million, and $1.02 billion (Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drugs Company, Costco Member Prescription Program, and Veterans Health Administration, respectively).

DISCUSSION:

Disproportionate Part D spending likely reflects less competitive acquisition cost. Provider awareness of medications with advantaged price may promote targeted prescribing with potentially tremendous health care savings.
Spatial 1:1 Models A Tool for Collaborative and Participatory Processes in Housing Projects
Authors: Hartmann Jana , Häusler Dennis
Published: December 2023

Architectural production relies among other methods and tools on models, mock-ups and prototypes. This article proposes the use of spatial 1:1 models, specifically intended for the communication and design of spatial and social aspects in housing projects. Thus discussing the specificity of spatial 1:1 models and how it differs from material mock-ups or architectural prototypes. To demonstrate the relevance of spatial 1:1 models, a case study is presented. To illustrate the specific characteristics and possibilities of representation and interaction in the context of today's cooperative housing the case study addresses threshold spaces and their social implications. Within dense cooperative housing projects, these spatial configurations and the way they are communicated to future residents is critical for a socially sustainable and successful project. The spatial 1:1 model investigates the acceptability and appropriability of threshold spaces and is intended to be an open platform for participation and collaboration. The article addresses the added value of a spatial 1:1 model for the design and communication process between laypersons, architects, and various other stakeholders and its ability to lead to a higher socio-spatial quality in the final projects.
Fortalecimiento de habilidades sociales con niños en entornos vulnerables: investigación-acción desde la animación sociocultural
Authors: Estupiñán-Aponte María Rosa , Amado-Usgame Lina Alejandra
Published: December 2023

Frente a la necesidad de promover el uso de herramientas eficaces para favorecer el desarrollo integral de la infancia, la investigación se planteó la pregunta: ¿De qué forma la animación sociocultural permite fortalecer las habilidades sociales en niños con un entorno social de vulnerabilidad? Teniendo en cuenta que el juego y las actividades lúdicas cumplen un papel clave para el proceso de socialización, mediante un programa de animación sociocultural centrado en la investigación-acción, 18 niños participaron en 14 talleres encaminados a gestionar el ocio y fortalecer el desarrollo de habilidades sociales. Teatro, títeres, pintura, danza y recorridos, fueron las actividades privilegiadas que conformaron el programa “Por arte del barrio”, donde desarrollaron contenidos artísticos a fin de reconocerse, socializar y ocupar su tiempo libre fuera del contexto escolar. La animación sociocultural es una estrategia que proporciona el reconocimiento de las problemáticas del entorno y fortalecer habilidades que los posicionen como agentes de cambio.
Marriage Dissolution: Children’s Life Experiences Through Socio-Affective Dimension
Authors: Jaramillo-Valencia Bairon , Quintero-Arrubla Sonia Ruth , Álvarez-Correa Aristóteles
Published: December 2023

This text shows how important it is to work on socio-affective dimension, keeping in mind its impact on children’s life. Similarly, this research was based on the qualitative paradigm and had the ethnographic reference as a type of research; on the other hand, techniques such as the non-participant observation, the unstructured interview and the workshop were used. Among the most meaningful results, it is presented the persistent affectation that the divorce process of parents has during the socio-affective dimension development of children. Moreover, marriage dissolution is an analog issue that influence them as well, therefore respective psychological and emotional consequences are indicated.
Competencias en educación emocional de las maestras que atienden primera infancia
Authors: Gómez-Cardona Liliana María , Arias-Vanegas Beatriz
Published: December 2023

La educación emocional (EE) es un elemento fundamental de la educación integral. En este sentido, es necesario poner la mirada sobre las prácticas educativas que realizan los maestros y maestras, particularmente de aquellos que atienden primera infancia, bajo la consideración de que aquellos aprendizajes que se instauran en los primeros años son más duraderos y estables. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, la presente investigación se pregunta: ¿Cómo son las competencias de la Educación Emocional (EE) en las prácticas educativas de las maestras que atienden primera infancia en los Centros de Desarrollo de la corporación (PAN)? Con el fin de responder la pregunta se desarrolló una investigación etnográfica entorno a la Educación Emocional (EE), con la cual se pudo describir y posteriormente analizar las prácticas educativas de las maestras participantes. El análisis de la información permitió concluir que las competencias emocionales se encuentran presentes en las prácticas educativas; sin embargo, es necesario poner la mirada sobre el desarrollo de programas y actividades que potencien el desarrollo emocional de los maestros y maestras para que estos, a su vez, empleen estrategias adecuadas de manejo de su propia emocionalidad y puedan realizar un acompañamiento de (EE) más adecuado en la población que acompañan.
Radio educativa: estimulando imaginación y liderazgo estudiantil a través de las redes de docentes
Authors: Mendez-Prado Yeins Paola
Published: December 2023

Este artículo explora el papel fundamental de la radio como herramienta educativa y su capacidad para estimular la imaginación y la conexión emocional en el aprendizaje. La autora comparte su experiencia personal, desde su infancia, donde descubrió la magia de la radio y cómo esto influyó en su enfoque pedagógico como maestra y directiva docente coordinadora. Las redes de maestros desempeñaron un papel esencial al permitir el intercambio de contenidos y la colaboración en la enseñanza a distancia, no solo en pandemia sino también en la época actual. Así mismo, se realiza una descripción de cómo en la institución educativa INEM Santiago Pérez, se promovió la producción audiovisual como una herramienta para el empoderamiento y el liderazgo de los estudiantes, con un enfoque en la capacitación y la formación de formadores. El compromiso con la capacitación en medios y el liderazgo juvenil se considera esencial para preparar a las nuevas generaciones y enfrentar así los desafíos del siglo XXI.
Digital leap in the New Mexican school since the pandemic lockdown: Challenges for governance and pedagogical processes
Authors: Peraza Cecilia , Jarquín Mauro
Published: December 2023

This paper analyzes the extent to which the use of digital education platforms (DEP), which was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, has modified educational policies for digital transition in schools in the context of the last Mexican educational reform (2019), teaching-learning processes, and school-family relations. Our main hypothesis is that the digital leap, in the New Mexican School that emerged from the last educational reform, has considerably modified the methods of educational governance, the pedagogical processes in schooling, and the ways of communication between schools and families, with implications for children’s rights. The objective is to identify, from the stakeholders’ perspectives, the effects of the growing importance of BigTech corporations in Mexico and of the expansion of digital capitalism, which deepened as an effect of school closures due to the pandemic, and to analyze the results from the gender perspective. The research methodology is qualitative based on in-depth interviews with policymakers and a survey of 70 school principals, teachers, and families from the five educational regions of the country. Our main research objective is to explore the perceptions, experiences, and opinions of women and men in urban and rural environments about the changes experienced since the pandemic in terms of digital transition and to identify the benefits and constraints of using DEP in schooling contexts.
Plataformas digitales y justicia formativa
Authors: Sosa Alonso Juan José , Bethencourt-Aguilar Anabel , Catellanos Nieves Dagoberto , Area-Moreira Manuel
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre las posibilidades que ofrecen las plataformas digitales educativas, que vienen acompañadas de diseños instruccionales vinculadas al paradigma educativo centrado en el alumnado con un aparente gran potencial para avanzar hacia la justicia social, la equidad y la igualdad de oportunidades. Las tecnologías digitales se presentan como un actor nuevo en las situaciones educativas, con potencial para definir escenarios educativos más flexibles y personalizables, que parecen facilitar el acceso universal y el tratamiento diferencial que la equidad e igualdad de oportunidades exige. Sin embargo, la idea de “equidad” nos sitúa en un plano de reflexión circunscrito a la justicia distributiva que implica una concepción de lo educativo como un “bien a distribuir” que puede conducir a instrumentalizar las relaciones educativo-pedagógicas, subsumiéndolas a intereses económicos o políticos, pervirtiéndolas. En este sentido, conviene recuperar la idea de educación como requisito de justicia, ya presente en Platón, vinculada a la idea de desarrollo ético del educando, y del denominado “cuidado de sí” desarrollado por Foucault. En definitiva, para desplegar el prometedor potencial educativo de los nuevos escenarios educativos, basados en plataformas digitales, estas deben no sólo garantizar la justicia distributiva (equidad) sino, sobre todo, la justicia formativa.
Сравнительный анализ имплицитных измерений ГАТО и IAT: единство в многообразии
Authors: Чернозуб Олег Леонидович , Белоножко Марина Львовна
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена анализу результатов методического эксперимента, основанного на сопоставлении результатов измерений тестов Графического ассоциативного теста отношения (ГАТО) и Implicit Association Test (IAT). Оба они претендуют на измерение имплицитного (то есть неосознаваемого) «ментального содержания», и каждый из них имеет определенные проблемы с конструктной валидностью. Планируя эксперимент, авторы статьи предположили, что совпадение результатов измерений укажет если не на единство, то на некоторую степень сходства предмета измерения тестов, и таким образом будет внесен вклад в концептуализацию предмета измерения каждого из них.
Результаты эксперимента выглядят противоречивыми. С одной стороны, он не выявил никаких фактов, ставящих под сомнение валидность ГАТО как инструмента имплицитных измерений. С другой стороны, полученные данные указывают на то, что сравниваемые методики имеют тенденцию диагностировать существенно различающиеся аспекты «ментального содержания». Возникли эмпирические основания предположить, что IAT отображает преимущественно устоявшееся ядро социальной установки, которое в силу рутинизации уже не рефлексируется, в то время как ГАТО обладает также и способностью улавливать самые первые признаки изменений, которые носят характер имплицитных как раз в силу того, что еще не рефлексируются.
Модель адаптации мигрантов через спортивное сообщество на примере северокавказских мигрантов в Санкт-Петербурге
Authors: Поляков Святослав Игоревич , Ситкевич Даниил Андреевич , Стародубровская Ирина Викторовна
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена адаптации мигрантов к городской среде через субкультуру силовых единоборств. Теоретической рамкой анализа выступает теория сегментной ассимиляции, утверждающая, что ассимиляция мигрантов может происходить не только через включение в культурный мейнстрим принимающего общества, но и через свойственные ему суб- и контркультуры. Объектом исследования являются мигранты-дагестанцы в Санкт-Петербурге, представляющие спорт высоких достижений в различных видах силовых единоборств. В отличие от классического анализа в рамках теории сегментной ассимиляции, речь идет о мигрантах первого поколения. Исследование проводилось качественными социологическими методами.
Анализ спортивных и постсоревновательных карьер мигрантов демонстрирует, что включенность в силовую субкультуру позволяет спортсменам проще пройти первичный миграционный шок (острую фазу адаптации). В то же время аккумулируемые ими в спорте различные ресурсы (типы капитала) лучше всего конвертируются в продолжение карьеры в околоспортивной сфере, в первую очередь тренерской. Однако подобная успешная карьера требует соответствующего образования, способностей и навыков. Те, кто не связывает постсоревновательную карьеру со спортом, при отсутствии дополнительных ресурсов (в частности, семейного капитала) в основном остаются в низкоресурсной социальной сети, занимаясь малоквалифицированным трудом, а иногда и примыкая к криминальным кругам. Получение качественного высшего образования создает лучшие условия для внеспортивной карьеры, нежели участие в спорте высоких достижений.
Благодарность. Статья отражает результаты исследования в рамках НИР Института экономической политики им. Е.Т. Гайдара.
SIMULATION STUDY FOR UNDERSTANDING THE PERFORMANCE OF PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES–MODIFIED FUZZY CLUSTERING (PLSMFC) IN FINDING GROUPS UNDER STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL
Authors: Mukid Moch. Abdul , Otok Bambang Widjanarko , Suparti Suparti
Published: December 2023

In structural equation modeling (SEM), it is usually assumed that all observations follow only one model. This becomes irrelevant if the observations contain natural groups, each of which has a different SEM model. Mukid et al (2002) have proposed the partial least squares-modified fuzzy clustering method (PLSMFC) as a way to find groups of observations and at the same time estimate the parameters of the SEM model. This research aims to understand the performance of the PLSMFC method in finding groups of observations characterized by different forms of structural equation models. The goal was achieved by conducting a simulation study involving factors such as SEM model specification and number of clusters. The procedure used is to force the generated data into a different number of segments. The segment validity measures used are the fuzziness performance index (FPI) and normalized classification entropy (NCE). The correct number of segments is indicated by the smallest FPI and NCE values. Based on simulation studies, it is known that the PLSMFC method can detect segments accurately, especially if the size of the segments used to reallocate observations is larger than the number of segments used to generate the data.
The CD34+ Cell Number Alone Predicts Retention of the Human Fat-Graft Volume in a Nude Mouse Model
Authors: Hromádková V. , Francová P. , Báječný M. , Jonas F. , Molitor M. , Šefc Luděk , Měšťák Ondřej
Published: December 2023

Prediction of the final transferred fat volume is essential for the success of fat grafting, but remains elusive. Between 20 and 80 % of the initial transplanted volume can be reabsorbed. Although graft survival has many determinants, CD34+ progenitor cells from the vascular stroma of adipose tissue play a central role by promoting growth of blood vessels and adipocytes. We aimed to verify the hypothesis that a higher proportion of total CD34+ cells in the transplant is associated with better preservation of the graft volume. Human lipoaspirates from 16 patients were processed by centrifugation and two grafts per donor were subcutaneously injected into 32 nude mice in 1 ml volumes in the right upper flank area. The volume of each graft was measured using a preclinical MRI scanner immediately after grafting and at three months. The percentage of CD34+ cells in the graft before implantation was determined by flow cytometry. The final graft volume at three months after implantation directly correlated with the percentage of CD34+ cells in the grafted material (r = 0.637, P = 0.019). The minimum retention of the fat graft was 28 % and the maximum retention was 81 %, with an average of 54 %. Our study found that fat retention after fat transfer directly correlated with the fraction of CD34+ cells in the graft. The simple and fast determination of the CD34+ cell percentage on site can help predicting outcomes of fat transplantation.
C-Terminal Part of Glutamate-Ammonia-Ligase Adenyltransferase Gene Identified by RAPD-HRM with 3H Primer for E. Coli Screening
Authors: Chen Y. C. , Lai Y. S. , Shyu D. J. H. , Chang Y. W. , Chen Z. R. , Liao Y. K. , Pang C. T. , Chang Ko-Tung
Published: December 2023

A single random oligonucleotide 3H primer has been previously applied in random-amplified- polymorphic-DNA (RAPD)-PCR to distinguish stocked bacteria E. coli within a cocktail mixture also containing Enterococcus faecalis, Bifidobacterium longum and Ruminococcus gnavus. In this study, we demonstrate that a 702 base pair (bp) gene fragment can be amplified as a unique pattern by RAPD-PCR using a 3H primer in human faeces containing E. coli. This unique 702 bp amplicon contained a 687 bp gene fragment identified as the C-terminal region of the glutamate-ammonia-ligase adenyltransferase (glnE) gene of E. coli. By high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis, a mean melt-curve temperature of this 702 bp amplicon was determined to be approximately 88.1 ± 0.22 degrees Celsius (°C). A combination of RAPD with HRM in one single reaction based on this amplicon can achieve semi-quantitative detection of up to 102 CFU/ml of E. coli. To increase the signal intensity of HRM, a primer pair capable of screening E. coli directly from fresh human faeces was re-designed from the 687 bp gene segment, giving a mean peak melt-curve temperature at 88.35 ± 0.11 °C. Finally, single-nucleotide polymorphisms of this 687 bp gene segment were analysed for pathogenic E. coli strains, including UMN026, O83:H1, O104:H4, O157:H7 and O169:H41. We conclude that this 687 bp segment of the glnE gene has a high potential for screening of human faecal E. coli, including pathogenic strains, in contaminated food and water.
Kim Ir Sen - wieczny wódz
Authors: Konon Klaudia
Published: December 2023

Powyższy artykuł ma na celu pokrótce przybliżenie postaci Kim Ir Sena i rozwoju jego postaci na podstawie najważniejszych wydarzeń do lat 70. XX w. W pracy przybliżono również kwestie dotyczące historii Korei, które miały znaczący wpływ na utworzenie się Korei Północnej oraz przejęcie władzy przez Kim Ir Sena.
Consideration of Kv ion channels as firstorder systems
Authors: Lozanović Jasmina , Langthaler Sonja , Rienmüller Theresa Margarethe , Polz Mathias , Ziesel Daniel , Schröttner Jörg , Baumgartner Christian
Published: December 2023

This paper discusses possibilities to explain which Kv channels can be considered as first-order systems. This means that the dynamic behavior of these channels can be described with a first-order differential equation and are the most straightforward dynamical systems. For example, a typical first-order system is an RC circuit, and analogously, Kv channels can be considered with the dynamic behavior of first-order systems following RC circuits. This work represents a family of KV channels that can be described as first-order systems, providing an efficient method of ion channel modeling in computational electrophysiology.
CloveBiotech: Complex structural variant calling for engineered microbial strains
Authors: Schusterbauer Veronika , Reinprecht Pierre , Thallinger Gerhard G.
Published: December 2023

This paper introduces CloveBiotech, an extension and optimization of CLOVE, which is designed to accurately classify complex structural variants (SVs) resulting from genetic modifications in the genomes of microbial strains. While CLOVE covers various complex SV types, it lacks support for large insertions, targeted vector integrations and substitutions of genes with a marker cassette. CloveBiotech addresses these limitations by modifying the algorithm to handle more diverse SV scenarios, including new fusion patterns. However, covering these scenarios demanded a major rewrite of multiple classes and functions. Performance evaluations on simulated data demonstrate its improved precision and recall rates of up to 0.92 and 0.96 respectively, across different sequencing parameters. With these enhancemanets, CloveBiotech provides a valuable tool for scientists working with genetically modified microorganisms, facilitating accurate SV detection and classification.