bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic inference of microbial community composition and function in the weathering crust aquifer of a temperate glacier
Authors: Faber Quincy , Davis Christina , Christner Brent
Published: November 2024

Bacterial, fungal, and algal communities that colonize aquatic systems on glacial ice surfaces mediate biogeochemical reactions that alter meltwater composition and affect meltwater production and storage. In this study, we sought to improve understanding of microbial communities inhabiting the shallow aquifer that forms seasonally within the ice surface of a glacier’s ablation zone (i.e., the weathering crust aquifer). Using a metagenomic approach, we compared gene contents of microbial assemblages in the weathering crust aquifer (WCA) of the Matanuska Glacier (Alaska, USA) to those recovered from supraglacial features and englacial ice. High abundances of Pseudomonadota, Cyanobacteriota, Actinomycetota, and Bacteroidota were observed across all samples, while taxa in class Gammaproteobacteria were found at significantly higher abundances in the weathering crust aquifer. The weathering crust aquifer samples also contained higher abundances of Dothideomycetes and Microbotryomyetes; fungal classes commonly observed in snow and other icy ecosystems. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA and rbcL gene sequences indicated high abundances of algae in the WCA that are closely related (> 98% and > 93% identity, respectively) to taxa of Ancylonema (Streptophyta) and Ochromonas (Ochrophyta) reported from glacial ice surfaces in Svalbard and Antarctic sea ice. Many functional gene categories (e.g., homeostasis, cellular regulation, and stress responses) were enriched in samples from the weathering crust aquifer compared to those from proximal englacial and supraglacial habitats, providing evidence for ecological specialization in the communities. The identification of phagotrophic phytoflagellate taxa and genes involved in mixotrophy implies that combined phototrophic and heterotrophic production may assist with persistence in the low light, low energy, and ephemeral conditions of the weathering crust environment. The compositional and functional differences we have documented indicate distinct microbial distributions and functional processes occur in the weathering crust aquifer environment, and we discuss how deciphering these nuances is essential for developing a more complete understanding of ecosystem biogeochemistry in supraglacial hydrological systems.
Impact of farm mechanization on crop productivity and economic efficiency in central and southern Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebiso Tamrat , Ketema Mengistu , Shumetie Arega , Feye Getachew Legese
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Farm mechanization has multi-dimensional impacts on agricultural production systems like economic efficiency and productivity, thereby improving the quality of life in the farming community by reducing work drudgeries. However, these impacts were not studied empirically in Ethiopia. Hence, this research was initiated to estimate the level of economic efficiency, and productivity of wheat and barley, and the impact of farm mechanization on economic efficiency and productivity of wheat and barley.

Methods

The analysis was done for 232 and 257 wheat and barley producer farmers respectively who are selected from the Arsi and West Arsi zones. The stochastic frontier model was used to estimate economic efficiency while augmented inverse probability weighted (AIPW) was used to estimate the impact.

Results and discussion

Based on the result, it is apparent that farm mechanization has a significant positive impact on wheat productivity while the percentage change in average treatment effect for the barley was not statistically significant. Farm mechanization also affects wheat and barley economic efficiency positively. Hence, we recommended the wider use of farm mechanization to improve economic efficiency and productivity. Therefore, policy design should focus on ways to avail farm machinery easily like establishing farm mechanization service centers and facilitating credit services for mechanization service renders.
Millet bran dietary fibres treated by heating, dual enzymolysis united with acrylic-grafting or hydroxypropylation: effects on the properties of heat-induced egg white protein gel
Authors: He Chenlong , Dang Ling , Feng Chen , Li Yan , Zhang Liangliang , Zheng Yajun , Wang Nan , Liu Danhong , Ye Zimo
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Millet bran is an abundant dietary fibre resource, but it is rarely used in Foods.

Methods

To enhance the functional properties and applications of foxtail millet bran dietary fibre (MBDF), MBDF modified by heating, cellulase and xylanase hydrolysis combined with acrylic-grafting (MBDF-HDEAG) or hydroxypropylation (MBDF-HDEH) were prepared, and the effects of these modified MBDFs on heat-induced egg white protein gel (H-EWPG) were studies.

Results and discussion

The results showed that heating and enzymolysis united with acrylic-grafting or hydroxypropylation both enhanced the surface area, soluble fibre content, water-retention and expansion abilities of MBDF. The addition of unmodified MBDF, MBDF-HDEAG and MBDF-HDEH increased the β-sheet content of H-EWPG and made its microstructure denser and granular. Compared with MBDF, MBDF-HDEAG and MBDF-HDEH more effectively improved the gel and texture properties of H-EWPG including water-holding ability (from 20.45 to 34.63 g/100 g), pH (from 4.53 to 7.66), hardness (from 63.92 to 104.53 g), chewiness (from 57.97 to 122.84 g), and gumminess (from 63.92 to 118.18), and a reduction in transparency and springiness (p < 0.05). MBDF showed the highest reducing effect on the freeze-thaw dehydration of H-EWPG (from 39.02 to 21.62%). Therefore, addition of MBDFs modified by heating, enzymolysis united with acrylic-grafting or hydroxypropylation can improve gel properties of H-EWPG.
Influenza A virus shedding and reinfection during the post-weaning period in swine: longitudinal study of two nurseries
Authors: Storms Suzanna M. , Leonardi-Cattolica Antonio , Prezioso Tara , Varga Csaba , Wang Leyi , Lowe James
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Influenza A virus in swine (IAV-S) is common in the United States commercial swine population and has the potential for zoonotic transmission.

Objective

To elucidate influenza shedding the domestic pig population, we evaluated two commercial swine farms in Illinois, United States, for 7 weeks. Farm 1 had a recent IAV-S outbreak. Farm 2 has had IAV-S circulating for several years.

Methods

Forty post-weaning pigs on Farm 1 and 51 pigs from Farm 2 were individually monitored and sampled by nasal swabs for 7 weeks.

Results

RT-PCR results over time showed most piglets shed in the first 2 weeks post weaning, with 91.2% shedding in week one, and 36.3% in week two. No difference in the number of pigs shedding was found between the two nurseries. Reinfection events did differ between the farms, with 30% of piglets on Farm 1 becoming reinfected, compared to 7.8% on Farm 2. In addition, whole genome sequencing of nasal swab samples from each farm showed identical viruses circulating between the initial infection and the reinfection periods. Sequencing also allowed for nucleic and amino acid mutation analysis in the circulating viruses, as well the identification of a potential reverse zoonosis event. We saw antigenic site mutations arising in some pigs and MxA resistance genes in almost all samples.

Conclusion

This study provided information on IAV-S circulation in nurseries to aid producers and veterinarians to screen appropriately for IAV-S, determine the duration of IAV-S shedding, and predict the occurrence of reinfection in the nursery period.
Current vaccines, experimental immunization trials, and new perspectives to control selected vector borne blood parasites of veterinary importance
Authors: Alzan Heba F. , Mahmoud Mona S. , Suarez Carlos E.
Published: November 2024

Parasite infections transmitted by vectors such as ticks and blood-sucking arthropods pose a significant threat to both human and animal health worldwide and have a substantial economic impact, particularly in the context of worsening environmental conditions. These infections can manifest in a variety of symptoms, including fever, anemia, jaundice, enlarged spleen, neurological disorders, and lymphatic issues, and can have varying mortality rates. In this review, we will focus on the current state of available vaccines, vaccine research approaches, and trials for diseases caused by vector-borne blood parasites, such as Babesia, Theileria, Anaplasma, and Trypanosoma, in farm animals. Control measures for these infections primarily rely on vector control, parasiticidal drug treatments, and vaccinations for disease prevention. However, many of these approaches have limitations, such as environmental concerns associated with the use of parasiticides, acaricides, and insecticides. Additionally, while some vaccines for blood parasites are already available, they still have several drawbacks, including practicality issues, unsuitability in non-endemic areas, and concerns about spreading other infectious agents, particularly in the case of live vaccines. This article highlights recent efforts to develop vaccines for controlling blood parasites in animals. The focus is on vaccine development approaches that show promise, including those based on recombinant antigens, vectored vaccines, and live attenuated or genetically modified parasites. Despite intensive research, developing effective subunit vaccines against blood stage parasites remains a challenge. By learning from previous vaccine development efforts and using emerging technologies to define immune mechanisms of protection, appropriate adjuvants, and protective antigens, we can expand our toolkit for controlling these burdensome diseases.
Influence of Soil Plugging on Dynamic Soil Response During Simulated Pipe Pile Driving Model Test in Sands
Authors: Lin Songchao , Lu Ye , Zhao Chong
Published: November 2024

The squeezing effect and strike-induced vibration generated by pile driving pose a threat to adjacent structures. To mitigate the squeezing effect, open-ended pipe piles were implemented. However, this type of pile brings a degree of soil-plugging effect, particularly in sandy soil, which complicates the squeezing effect and the dynamic responses of the pile during pile driving. In this study, model experiments were conducted using both open-ended piles and open-ended piles with different fixed-length soil plugs to investigate the squeezing effect and dynamic responses of the piles. Moreover, spectrum analysis was performed to explore the patterns of vibration waves in the open-ended pipe pile during the striking process. For open-ended pipe piles, acceleration fluctuations were detectable solely when the pile reached the sensor depth and at the end of the pile driving process, which revealed that the hammering energy was mainly consumed by pile settlement and the formation of the soil plug. When the formation of the soil plug was completed, the majority of the energy was converted into propagating vibration, resulting in the emergence of another crest of acceleration. The spectrum analysis revealed that the maximum amplitude occurred when the penetration depth was equal to half of the pile length.
Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Rapid Rehabilitation Surgical Nursing in Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Duan Hongchao , Wang Jun , Liang Dan , Liu Huan , Sun Feihong , Li Chunyuan , Jian Fengzeng
Published: November 2024

Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common cause of lower back pain and radiculopathy. In recent years, the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) concept has been increasingly applied in orthopedics and gastrointestinal surgery. Purpose: To investigate the effect of using rapid rehabilitation surgical care for lumbar disc herniation by meta-analysis. Data source: Google Scholar, PubMed Medical, Cochrane and Embase databases were used for the analysis. Research selection: An initial search yielded a total of 322 relevant articles. Duplicate pieces of literature were screened using Endnote. In addition, non-randomized controlled trials and studies with a sample size of less than 30 were excluded. A total of seven papers were included in this study. Main outcomes: The Rapid Rehabilitation Surgical Nursing (RRSN) group showed significantly higher patient satisfaction (RR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.26; p < 0.01) and self-assessed health (Total MD = 5.67; 95% CI: 4.27, 7.06; p < 0.01) compared to the Normal Nursing (NN) group. Pain levels (MD = −0.66; 95% CI: −0.97, −0.36; p < 0.01), disability levels (MD = −18.64; 95% CI: −32.53, −4.76; p < 0.01), anxiety risk (SAS-MD = −4.33; 95% CI: −6.23, −2.44; p < 0.01), and depression risk (SDS-MD = −4.29; 95% CI: −7.50, −1.07; p < 0.01) were significantly lower in the RRSN group compared to the NN group. According to the GRADE classification, the certainty for patient satisfaction is high, while the certainty for post-care pain, functional capacity, risk of psychological disorders, and self-assessed health status is moderate. Conclusions: Rapid recovery surgical nursing can significantly improve postoperative recovery of lumbar disc herniation, increase patient satisfaction, reduce the risk of psychological disorders, improve lumbar function, and alleviate patient pain.
Spatial Remodeling of Industrial Heritage from the Perspective of Urban Renewal: A Case Study of Coal Mine Site in Jiaozuo City
Authors: Ai Jiahui , Kim Myun
Published: November 2024

Resource-oriented cities are faced with the problems of the decline of traditional industries, exhaustion of resources, and wastage of space. Faced with these problems, urban renewal has become an important role and is widely used in the reuse of old and abandoned spaces. As a historical witness of the industrial revolution and urbanization process, coal mine industrial heritage not only has the value of material heritage but also carries rich historical and cultural information. However, with the adjustment of industrial structure, much coal mine industrial heritage has gradually lost its original production function and become neglected idle space in cities, and industrial buildings and equipment in these spaces have been abandoned or dismantled. The study takes the Wangfeng Mine site in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province as an example, combined with the urban development history and current situation of Jiaozuo city, it discusses the remodeling strategy of industrial heritage space from the perspective of urban renewal. Firstly, through case analysis, historical data sorting, and field research, the study integrated the historical development context of the Jiaozuo coal mine site and its impact on the urban spatial pattern, secondly, discussed the practical problems in the reuse process of industrial sites, and finally proposed specific spatial remodeling strategies based on the conjugation theory. This included determining how to deal with the three pairs of conjugated relations between protection and development, function and ecology, and history and modernity so as to make the spatial remodeling strategy of industrial sites more scientific and sustainable. To promote the sustainable and healthy development of urban industrial heritage space.
Narrating ‘Home’ in Early Christian Biography: Athanasius’ Life of Antony and Its Literary Predecessors
Authors: De Cock Miriam
Published: November 2024

In this paper, I provide a close examination of early Christian biographical sources through the heuristic lens of “home studies”, tracing a thread from the New Testament Gospels to martyrdom texts, the apocryphal Acts literature, Eusebius’ biography of Origen in his Church History, and finally, Athanasius’ Life of Antony. I demonstrate that the lens of home allows us to see that in each of these discrete groups of texts, Christ’s call to discipleship is understood to redefine and reconstitute the meaning of home and relatedly, family: to be “home” required a great deal of displacement and mobility as one forsook one’s biological family and household for the sake of obedience to the call of Christ. I argue that three topics, typically examined separately, are fruitfully brought together through the lens of home: (1) the shaping of ancient Christian identity formation, as expressed by the characters’ use of familial language to identify other members of the early Christian movement; (2) the mobile nature of the person who joins the movement, providing insights about the mobility and travel of many of its members; and (3) ancient Christian eschatological thought concerning the final dwelling of Christ-believers in some form of otherworldly home after death.
Church Union Movement and the Establishment of the “United Church of Christ in Japan”
Authors: Wang Ziming
Published: November 2024

The establishment of the United Church of Christ in Japan (nihon kirisuto kyōdan 日本基督教団) marked the culmination of the Church Union Movement in Imperial Japan. Although the Church Union Movement can be traced back to the Meiji era, no significant breakthroughs were made until 1939 due to the refusal of some denominations. In this article, I aim to clarify the process and causes behind the formation of the united church, while also attempting to understand the interaction pattern between the State and Christianity under an increasing wartime totalitarian regime. In April 1939, the Diet passed the Religious Organizations Law (syūkyō dantai hō 宗教団体法), a bill aimed at strengthening state control over religions, which required Christian denominations to establish religious organizations. With the war intensifying Japan’s antagonism toward Western countries, Christianity as a foreign religion faced progressive attacks from the nationalist sects. Some denominations, like the Salvation Army, were accused of espionage due to their international connections and were monitored by gendarmerie (kenpeitai 憲兵隊). Facing harsh pressure, Christians sought to project a patriotic image, ultimately leading to the formation of the United Church as a survival strategy amidst a hostile social-political environment.
Adaptive Forecasting of Nuclear Power Plant Operational Status Under Sensor Concept Drift Using a Bridging Distribution Adaptive Network
Authors: Xu Kui , Liu Linyu , Lan Yang , He Shuan , Fang Huajian , Cheng Minmin
Published: November 2024

A large number of sensors are required to collect information during the operation of nuclear power plants to ensure their absolutely safe operation. However, because of the unique nature of nuclear reactions, the physical environment of nuclear power production is prone to changes, leading to concept drift in the data collected by the sensors. Concept drift describes the phenomenon of sample distribution changing over time, which typically negatively impacts the model’s training and inference processes. We found that nongradual distribution changes could be guided by generating transitional intermediary distributions within the distribution, thereby achieving a gradual change process. Based on this, we designed a bridging distribution adaptive network (BDAN), which consisted of identical-depth TDoA (time difference of arrival) homomorphic backbone neural networks on both sides with a latent adaptive bridging module in the middle. By calculating the distribution differences over multiple timesteps, a series of bridge distributions were generated to guide the gradients in the latent space, updating the parameters of the latent adaptive guiding module in a directional manner and enabling the model to perceive nongradual distribution changes in the time domain. Experimental results showed that the BDAN outperformed the previous state-of-the-art benchmark methods by 5.6% in terms of mean squared error in the nuclear power data prediction task under concept drift, achieving the best fault prediction performance.
Analysis of Energy-Related-CO2-Emission Decoupling from Economic Expansion and CO2 Drivers: The Tianjin Experience in China
Authors: Yang Fengmei , Lv Qiuli
Published: November 2024

Cities are key areas for carbon control and reduction. The study of the decoupling between CO2 emissions and gross domestic product (GDP) and the drivers of CO2 emissions in cities facilitates the reduction of CO2 emissions to safeguard the development of the economy. This paper first calculates the CO2 emissions in Tianjin, China, from 2005 to 2022, then uses the Tapio decoupling index to quantify the decoupling status, and, finally, explores the energy-CO2-emission drivers through the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) model. The findings indicate that (1) the decrease in CO2 emissions from industrial products and transport is the main reason for the decline. (2) During the period under investigation, the predominant condition observed was a state of weak decoupling. (3) Given the economic-output effect is the primary and substantial driver of energy CO2 emissions, it is essential to harmonize the interplay between economic-development approach and CO2 emissions to foster sustainable development in Tianjin. The industrial structure plays the most critical role in hindering the reduction of CO2 emissions; therefore, optimizing industrial structure can help achieve carbon reduction and control targets. These findings enrich the study of CO2 emission factors and can also interest urban policymakers.
Development of enriched confectionery products with preventive properties
Authors:   FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Parfenova V.I. , Tkeshelashvili M.E. ,   FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: November 2024

The growing global epidemic of obesity in adults and children necessitates the creation of fortifi ed and specialized products with preventive properties. One of the directions in the fi ght against obesity in the food industry is the creation of confectionery sugar and fl our products using natural sweeteners and plant biologically active substances. This article provides an overview of scientifi c research on the development of formulations for fortifi ed confectionery products. The authors substantiate the use of a complex of biologically active substances of plant origin with triple action in confectionery products in order to prevent the problem of obesity.
Optimization of key processes for customs goods examination
Authors:   FSBEI HE Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Panevina E.S.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the main examination processes during customs control, as well as changes in the legal regulation of customs, taking into account the latest geographical and political events. Based on the opinions of Russian experts, key problems in the eff ectiveness of customs examination have been identifi ed. Methods to optimize the key processes of conducting goods examination in customs control are proposed.
Use of chewing gum waste as secondary material
Authors:   FSBEI HE ROSBIOTECH, Popandopulo D.G. , Chalykh T.I. ,   FSBEI HE ROSBIOTECH, FSBEI HE Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: November 2024

The work is devoted to discussing the problems of using production waste and chewing gum. This food product in its composition, together with syrups, starch, sugar or sorbitol, and fl avorings, contains a non-food product — rubber in an amount of about 20% of the product weight. The issues of using waste rubbers and compositions in the production of chewing gum for various purposes, including the production of adhesives or packaging, are discussed.
Mechanisms of action of dietary supplements on mental health
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Krylov A.P. , Sheblaev M.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Lomonosov Moscow State University”
Published: November 2024

The use of biologically active additives (BAA) is a promising direction in the prevention and correction of mental health disorders. BAA use should be based on a comprehensive, individualized, and gradual approach. Dietary supplements are capable of having various positive effects on a person’s mental state due to their impact on different mechanisms in the central nervous system.
Features and constituting of musical reality
Authors:   Sector of Interdisciplinary Problems of Scientifi c and Technological Development, Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Rozin Vadim Markovich
Published: November 2024

In the article the author addresses the topic of music temporality. A hypothesis is introduced that on the one hand, music is a form of life as a solution to personal problems, while on the other hand, it is an artistic reality. The main characteristics of artistic reality, i.e. textual nature, the unity of experiencing its events and constructing them, and the role of the individual, are discussed. The concepts of “expressive means”, “material of art”, and “art form” are analyzed, and it is argued that the whole in music is determined by the expressive means and personality of the artist. In the last part of the article, the author substantiates the initial hypothesis about the nature of music, compares music with other temporary forms of art, and shows that classical music was shaped as a form of life, allowing the new European personality to realize three main plans of its existence.
Patriotic component of large-scale holidays in modern Russia
Authors:   Department of Art, Moscow University for the Humanities, Streltsova Darya Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2024

The modern generation lives in conditions that are very diff erent from the time of their parents: diff erent values, ideals, and thoughts. Many people's attitude towards their country and its history has changed. The lack of certain knowledge about the peculiarities of historical development and the denial of traditional values become fertile ground for the involvement of the younger generation in illegal activities. Today we should build our future on a strong cultural foundation. Such a foundation is patriotism. Patriotism is respect and love for one’s Fatherland, its history, traditions, values, original culture, and the vast experience accumulated as a result of the peaceful coexistence of numerous ethnic groups on our territory.
Procrastination as a social problem
Authors:   Department of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education, FSBEI HE Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Ispulova S. N. , Sadovina D. E. ,   Department of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education, FSBEI HE Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

Procrastination, or the unwillingness to get things done on time, is one of the most widespread problems in modern society. Every year more and more people experience this phenomenon, leading to serious consequences for both individuals and society as a whole. Procrastination can lead to poor mental health, reduced productivity and quality of work, as well as social and economic losses. In our information society, where access to various forms of entertainment and distractions is unprecedented, it is no wonder that procrastination has become such a widespread problem. Social media, video games and other entertainment formats easily capture our attention and take away time that should be devoted to work or study. As a result, we often find ourselves tangled in a hopeless situation: aware of our reluctance to start work or perform responsible tasks, but unable to control our behaviour. However, procrastination is not only a personal problem for each individual. Its negative impact extends to the entire social structure of society. For example, employees prone to procrastination can cause delays in the completion of collective projects or reduced team performance. Procrastination, or the unwillingness to get things done on time, is one of the most widespread problems in modern society. Every year more and more people experience this phenomenon, leading to serious consequences for both individuals and society as a whole. Procrastination can lead to poor mental health, reduced productivity and quality of work, as well as social and economic losses. In our information society, where access to various forms of entertainment and distractions is unprecedented, it is no wonder that procrastination has become such a widespread problem. Social media, video games and other entertainment formats easily capture our attention and take away time that should be devoted to work or study. As a result, we often find ourselves tangled in a hopeless situation: aware of our reluctance to start work or perform responsible tasks, but unable to control our behaviour. However, procrastination is not only a personal problem for each individual. Its negative impact extends to the entire social structure of society. For example, employees prone to procrastination can cause delays in the completion of collective projects or reduced team performance.
The process of youth formation in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy named after A. Altmyshbayev National Academy of Sciences Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Omorbaeva Aksana Turdalyevna
Published: November 2024

This article examines key aspects of the process of youth formation and development in Kyrgyzstan. The author analyzes the current situation in the areas of employment, education and digital skills of young people, and identifies the main challenges faced by the young generation of the country. Key points that young people in Kyrgyzstan are predominantly employed in the service sector and agriculture, while the share of unemployed and non-studying youth remains high (19–21 %). There is a significant gender gap the share of young women not involved in labor or educational activities is more than 2 times higher than that of men. The share of education expenditure in Kyrgyzstan’s GDP is declining, despite the high priority of this area in budget policy. The digital skills of young people, especially women, are underdeveloped, limiting their opportunities in the labor market. The author proposes to intensify programs for employment, advanced training and development of entrepreneurial competencies of young people as a response to these challenges, which will allow them to fully realize their potential.
Features of emotional burnout of social workers
Authors:   Municipal Institution «Integrated Center for Social Services to the Population of the Leninsky District» of Magnitogorsk, Department of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University», Moiseeva O. H. , Ispulova S. N. ,   Department of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University». Russia
Published: November 2024

This article reveals the relevance of the study of the problem of prevention and correction of emotional burnout of social workers in the context of the professional characteristics of their activities. The concepts of emotional burnout syndrome are also disclosed, three main models of «mental (emotional) burnout» and corresponding methods of its assessment are described. At the same time, the indicators characteristic of the development of the analyzed burnout syndrome in the analyzed category of employees were revealed. It is noted that overcoming it is associated not only with the emotional well-being of employees, but also with the success of their professional work in general, which is important given the high social responsibility and importance of this activity. To confirm the theoretical provisions on the prevention and correction of emotional burnout, an experiment was conducted in which 45 social workers of the Leninsky district Medical Center aged 35–65, serving 856 clients per year, took part. V. V. Boyko’s method of diagnosing the level of emotional burnout was chosen as a diagnostic technique, in which the presence of severity in workers of three phases was assessed: tension, resistance and exhaustion. To reduce emotional burnout, a program based on the recommendations of V. I. Dolgova, G. Y. Goleva.
The game as a methodological means of training students of humanities at the university
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kostroma State University», Russia, Vericheva Y. I. , Vericheva O. N. ,   Department of Social Work, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kostroma State University», Russia
Published: November 2024

The article is written in the context of an integrative approach to psychology that combines methods for studying personality and group from different areas of human knowledge, contributing to the creation of a comprehensive psychosocial methodological apparatus aimed at studying the process of providing social and psychological support and assistance in an individual and group format. The article reveals the essence of a psychological game as a resource that contributes to the formation and development of professionally significant personal qualities and skills of university students majoring in the humanities (psychology students). In the course of the study, we proved the possibility of developing empathy in students with the help of psychological game practices in the educational environment of the university. Conceptualization of the definitions of the phenomena of the emotional sphere of personality functioning in bachelors of the 1st and 2nd years of study was carried out. The effectiveness of the development of game materials was assessed: bingo sheets and emotionally rich dialogues, as a stimulus material for recognizing emotions. A methodological justification for the effective use of gamification technologies in the educational process at the university is given. As a result of the empirical study, the training focus of the developed game «Empati-Bingo» was determined, prospects for improving the stimulus material, the possibilities of diagnosing the level of empathy development in students using game tools were determined. It was revealed that the psychological game «Empati-Bingo» requires a high level of empathy development in its leaders. The accuracy of recognition and determination of emotion can reflect the level of development of the cognitive component of empathy as a component of emotional intelligence. To improve the internal validity of the psychological game, the range of emotions that were proposed to be defined was expanded for the declared constructs of emotion and emotional intelligence: dialogues containing negative emotions were added, some emotionally neutral situations arising in interpersonal interaction were removed, which made the stimulus material more understandable for the game participants.
Resources of mountain hare (Lepustimidus) in the Tver region
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy», Russia, Moscow, Kaledin A. P. , Ryzhkova A. Yu. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy», Russia, Moscow, Beketov S. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Russia, Moscow, Golubeva O. N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy», Russia, Moscow, Ostapchuk A. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy», Russia, Moscow
Published: November 2024

Mountain hare (Lepustimidus) is one of the most common game animals in the Tver region and a popular object of unprofessional hunting. The purpose of the research was the ecological and economic evaluation of the allocation of mountain hare resources in the Tver region for the period 2013–2022. Interval variation series were constructed to grade the indicators of the state of the species’ resources. For the fi rst time, maps were created that demonstrate the average long-term indicators of the abundance, production, population density, bioproductivity of hunting grounds and the output of mountain hare, as well as the cost assessment of the resources of this animal, taking into account the administrative-territorial division of the Tver region. During the analyzed period, fl uctuations in the number of mountain hares in the region were observed with an increase (decrease) in the indicator in relation to the previous year from –37.5 to 40.5 %. The situation with the volumes of production of this fur animal was unstable because of the resources were developed at the level of 6–17 % of the commercial population. The following average long-term indicators of the resource potential of mountain hare were obtained for the Tver region such as population 38 995 individuals, production volumes 3639 individuals, population density 5 individuals/1000 ha, resource cost 156 million rubles, bioproductivity of hunting grounds 5 rubles/ha, product output 0.5 rubles/ha. It was revealed that the Andreapolsky, Toropetsky and Udomelsky districts of the Tver region are the most promising for organizing unprofessional hunting for mountain hare.
Medidas de protección: Delito de violencia contra la mujer o miembros del núcleo familiar
Authors: García Galarza Jorge Fernando , Valarezo Reyes Annie Nicole , Ramón Merchán Mónica Eloiza , Piriz Smith Alvaro Javier
Published: November 2024

La violencia es la expresión del comportamiento deliberado de una persona al provocarle daño físico o psicológico a otra. La presente investigación busca analizar las medidas de protección dentro de los procedimientos penales en materia de violencia contra la mujer y miembros del núcleo familiar. Esta investigación jurídica optó por el enfoque mixto, combina paradigma positivista e interpretativo. El diseño de campo. La población constituida por jueces de Primera Instancia de la Unidad Judicial Penal, a quienes se les aplicaron entrevistas estructuradas. Se basó en una revisión bibliográfica. El estudio revela que los delitos de violencia contra la mujer representan una carga significativa en los sistemas judiciales, afectando la celeridad procesal. Como consecuencia, las víctimas se encuentran en una situación de vulnerabilidad prolongada. Las conclusiones revelan la necesidad de contar con operadores de justicia especializados. La alta carga de trabajo y la complejidad de estos casos demandan una atención especializada para garantizar una respuesta judicial efectiva y oportuna.
La acción de protección, medio utilizado para evadir obligaciones contractuales: caso DELHIERROCONS S.A.
Authors: Pérez Pineida Leslie del Carmen , Alvarado Ajila Lissette Amelia , García Segarra Holger Geovanny
Published: November 2024

La acción de protección, concebida como una herramienta para salvaguardar derechos fundamentales, ha sido objeto de un creciente interés en el ámbito contractual. La investigación analizó la sentencia de la causa 15281202200535; y, describió las deficiencias, que permitieron que la Acción de Protección sea utilizada para evadir obligaciones del contrato No. 040-2020; cuyo objeto era la construcción de viviendas subsidiadas por el estado, ubicadas en la Provincia de Napo, suscrito con la empresa Casa para Todos EP. Con un enfoque cualitativo esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las deficiencias de la sentencia; y, su implicación en la ejecución del contrato. Los métodos utilizados fueron el inductivo-deductivo y exegético, basados en el análisis jurídico documental; y, observación de campo. Los resultados muestran que la sentencia incurrió en violaciones de derechos constitucionales, por contener vicios de motivación, que influyeron en que no se ejecute la obra. Se concluye que, es necesario establecer parámetros precisos para la procedencia de las Acciones de Protección en materia de Contratación Pública
Derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes con necesidades especiales: Análisis de la normativa legal
Authors: Ramírez Durán Magaly Paulina
Published: November 2024

Todos los niños tienen derecho a disfrutar de sus derechos sin discriminación alguna, independientemente de su discapacidad u otras condiciones. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar desde la normativa legal los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes con necesidades especiales del Ecuador. Se orientó en el enfoque cuantitativo, el paradigma utilizado es el positivista, el tipo de investigación fue analítica-documental-bibliográfica. Como técnica de información se utilizó análisis de bibliografías y documentales. Los resultados muestran que, el Ecuador ha ratificado esta convención, lo que implica un compromiso legal para garantizar los derechos de las personas con discapacidad, incluyendo a los niños y adolescentes. Se concluye que, a pesar que Ecuador cuenta con un marco legal robusto, existe una desconexión amplia entre la normativa y su implementación practica que termina en la violación y vulneración de los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes.
La inteligencia artificial, un reto digital en el Derecho Administrativo Ecuatoriano
Authors: Molina Páez Jhoney Alfredo , Morales Castro Samuel
Published: November 2024

La inteligencia artificial tiene el potencial de mejorar significativamente la eficiencia administrativa al reducir la burocracia y agilizar procesos. Sin embargo, esto también plantea la cuestión de cómo se gestionarán estos cambios dentro de las instituciones públicas. El objetivo de este artículo es describir mediante la revisión sistemática de documentos la inteligencia artificial como un reto digital en el derecho administrativo ecuatoriano. El tipo es cualitativo, de carácter descriptivo-hermenéutico, documental. La muestra son los documentos legales sobre la nulidad absoluta de los contratos de compraventa en el Ecuador. El diseño fue documental, se utilizaron las revistas indexadas y documentos legales. Los resultados manifiestan que la Inteligencia Artificial está cambiando el mercado laboral en Ecuador, creando una demanda creciente de trabajadores calificados en programación, análisis de datos y ciberseguridad. Se concluye que, urgente crear un marco regulatorio que regule el uso de la inteligencia artificial en el sector público.
Vulneración al principio de contradicción en la investigación previa
Authors: Villacís Núñez Erik Javier , Morales Castro Samuel
Published: November 2024

En Ecuador, la investigación previa constituye una etapa preprocesal que antecede al proceso penal. Este estudio aborda cómo, en esta fase inicial, no siempre se garantiza el derecho de las partes a participar equitativamente en la producción y control de los elementos de convicción, lo que vulnera el principio de contradicción. A pesar de que dicho principio es esencial para el debido proceso, las restricciones impuestas al sospechoso en la investigación previa generan un desequilibrio. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las situaciones en que se vulnera este principio en Ecuador, identificando sus causas y proponiendo soluciones para mejorar las garantías procesales en esa fase. La metodología empleada es cualitativa, basada en el análisis de la normativa nacional, doctrina y jurisprudencia. El principal hallazgo revela que la falta de acceso oportuno de la defensa a los elementos de convicción recabados por la fiscalía afecta negativamente el derecho a la defensa, comprometiendo así un proceso justo. Se proponen reformas procesales para fortalecer la contradicción en esta etapa clave.
El régimen laboral del personal académico ocasional en Ecuador y los derechos constitucionales al trabajo digno
Authors: Zárate Fonseca María Emilia , Barba Tamayo Edison Paúl
Published: November 2024

La Constitución ecuatoriana establece que el Estado debe garantizar los derechos y la justicia. En este contexto, el gobierno central debe regular de manera estricta los procesos de contratación pública. El objetivo del trabajo es comprender el régimen laboral del personal académico ocasional en Ecuador y los derechos constitucionales al trabajo digno. El enfoque es cualitativo, de paradigma interpretativo, metodología hermenéutica enmarcado en un dogmatismo jurídico. Se realizó una revisión documental, y se aplicó un cuestionario semiestructurado de 15 preguntas, aplicado a una muestra intencional de informantes clave. Los hallazgos revelan que los jueces y abogados suelen tener una visión formalista y centrada en la interpretación de la normativa legal. Demostrando que esta perspectiva puede no captar las implicaciones prácticas en el día a día de los docentes. En conclusión, el régimen de contratación ocasional en el sector público ecuatoriano, en el ámbito educativo, presenta serias deficiencias que vulneran los derechos laborales de los ciudadanos, especialmente de los docentes.
An Excellent Adventure: Telling the stories of Tertiary Teaching Excellence Award winners
Authors: Goode Claire
Published: November 2024

In ‘An Excellent Adventure’, Claire Goode tells the stories of twelve national Tertiary Teaching Excellence awardees in New Zealand. Teachers from a wide variety of professions and disciplines share what drew them to teaching, influences that helped them develop their practice, reflections on key moments, and what they would like to see in teacher development in the tertiary context moving forward.
Predictors of recurrent ischemic stroke: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shaafi Sheida , Sadeghpour Yalda , Masroor Zahra , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Cerebrovascular events are one of the most common causes of disability and the third leading cause of death in developed countries. Herein, we aimed to investigate the potential underlying causes of recurrent ischemic stroke. Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study conducted in Razi Hospital, Tabriz, Iran between March 2018 and September 2020. Patients with the diagnosis of recurrent ischemic stroke during the study period were eligible to be included. Baseline characteristics and data on the recurrence were collected using chart reviews. Also, binary logistic regression was used to examine the factors related to recurrence. Results: Among one hundred participants with a mean age of 68.88 years, 59% were male. Hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, smoking, and hyperlipidemia were identified in 79%, 42%, 24%, 15%, and 15%, respectively. The average recurrence time of stroke was about 2.52 years. According to our findings, a significant relationship between the history of heart diseases and ischemic stroke recurrence was observed (risk ratio: 0.10: 95% confidence interval: 0.03-0.33). Conclusion: We found no significant association between ischemic stroke recurrence and underlying diseases except for heart diseases. Further large-scale observational studies and meta-analyses are recommended to evaluate the possible association.