bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Online Teacher
Authors: Thornton Jamie
Published: July 2021

Education (especially higher education) which helps maintain freedom in a democratic society is becoming increasingly difficult for many people. The explosion of online universities seems to make getting a degree much easier. Unfortunately, the increased numbers of ways to achieve an education do not ameliorate the trepidations—and resignation from getting that education—that occurs for many people once they begin the online education: it seems a daunting task to complete. As this study shows through historical reminders that help inform current situations, making sure people attend—and graduate—from the valid online learning institutions has become more feasible. We are reminded of the reason we became educators, to help advance education, and this reason further undergirds to prompt educators that ours is the line that we must “hold”—of being second-responders—in order to prepare our students to become part of the educated citizenry to which Plato referred.
Emerging Roles of Libraries and Librarians During and Post COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Otike Fredrick Wawire , Bouaamri Asmaa , Barát Agnes Hajdu , Kiszl Péter
Published: July 2021

This chapter highlights the challenges and opportunities that have and will arise as a result of the epidemic. When the spread of CoronaVirus 2019 (COVID-19) was announced by the World Health Organization (WHO), most schools, colleges, and tertiary institutes around the world were ordered to close so as to contain the spread. Currently, most learning institutions are experiencing challenges related to how to provide critical services; the most critical ones are linked to the library services. With the COVID-19 pandemic still in place, it is evident that libraries will greatly be affected in their service delivery. This chapter, therefore, brings into perspective the eminent changing roles of libraries and the challenges and opportunities that did and will emerge as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It provides different library case studies and how the COVID-19 pandemic is being handled in Kenya, Morocco, and Hungary. The chapter puts into perspective new insights that will enable libraries to adapt quickly to the new technologies substituting the obsolete and redundant ones.
Research Data Management in an Academic Library
Authors: Kalu Chidi Onuoha , Chidi-Kalu Esther Ihechiluru , Mafe Titilola Abigail
Published: July 2021

Academic libraries need to store, preserve, and manage scholars' intellectual output, hence the importance of research data management in academic libraries. This chapter focuses on research data management in academic libraries, and it aims at examining the concept of research data, which is referred to as the evidence used to inform or support research conclusions, while data management, on the other hand involves planning for and creating data, organizing, structuring, and documenting data, backing up and storing data, and preparing data for analysis to share with others or to preserve for the long-term.
Library and Community Engagement
Authors: Olurayi Ronke Anke , Lucia Kolawole Folasade
Published: July 2021

Libraries, an organized collection of books and non-book materials, are always situated in communities to ensure that the inhabitants' information needs are promptly and adequately met. However, the level of library involvement in these communities is quite low or nonexistent in other places. It is therefore necessary for libraries to begin reaching out to these communities through creative and innovative programs that will involve the participation of community members and create awareness as they impress themselves and their worth on the community.
Are They Ready for the Big Thing?
Authors: Lederer Matthias , Lederer Juluis
Published: July 2021

Data-driven business processes management (BPM) is regarded as a central future trend because automation often makes huge amounts of data (big data) available for the optimisation and control of workflows. Software manufacturers also use this trend and call their solutions big data applications, even if some features are reminiscent of traditional data management approaches. This chapter derives from the basic definitions of big data including 13 central requirements that a big data BPM solution must meet in order to be described as such. One hundred twenty-one process management solutions are evaluated on the basis of these to determine whether they are real big data applications. As a result, less than 5% of all solutions analysed meet all requirements.
Management of Local Authority Records at Zvishavane Town Council
Authors: Sibanda Alex , Mupfururi Edward
Published: July 2021

This study evaluated records management practices at a local authority in Zimbabwe, with reference to Zvishavane Town Council in the South Midlands province of Zimbabwe. The purpose of the study was to establish the records management practice to expose the bedevil and recommend the best practice. To achieve the purpose of the study, qualitative research methodology was used through a case study design. Data was collected using interviews, document analysis, and direct observations. The findings of the study revealed that Zvishavane Town Council was practicing records management without a standard written down policy of records management. This led to an ad hoc system of practice in terms of good governance, accountability, and transparency in managing council records. The study recommends that records management at this council be done using a well-documented records management policy.
Culturally Responsive Mentoring Programs
Authors: Queener John E. , Ford Bridgie A.
Published: July 2021

Postsecondary education and training are deemed essential in today's and future job markets. Thus, the lower entry rates into and lower graduation rates from higher education by African American males place them in a long-term crisis economically and socially. Mentoring is strongly recommended as a significant component of comprehensive strategies to improve the retention and graduation rates of African American males. Research reveals that successful retention programs go beyond a one model fits all and are based on the unique characteristics and needs of students. The authors of this chapter assert that mentoring programs designed to improve retention and graduation rates of African American males must be scholarly based and authentically address the cultural needs of those students; therefore, the mentoring program must include culturally relevant constructs. This chapter discusses the design, implementation, and results of the pilot phase of a research-based culturally responsive mentoring program based on optimal psychology for African American males enrolled at a midwestern Predominately White Institution of higher education.
Culturally Responsive Teaching and Mentoring for African American Males Attending Post-Secondary Schools
Authors: Williams York
Published: July 2021

African American male (AAM) college students with learning disabilities confront a number of obstacles while matriculating. Data indicates that a growing percentage of college students of color are enrolling in post-secondary institutions to pursue a higher education, but there still remains a graduation gap and retention issues between Black and White students, with the graduation rates of Black males still looming behind those of other groups. Of this student population, AAM's with learning disabilities encounter obstacles, both culturally, emotionally, financially, and psychologically that tend to exacerbate their learning needs and overall college experience, thus resulting in them dropping out midway through or at the end of the semester. Colleges and universities must address this gap and provide opportunities for culturally responsive mentoring, teaching, and specialized supports for AAM's with learning-diverse needs used to increase college graduation rates.
Utilizing Culturally Responsive Teaching in an SEL Curriculum
Authors: Morgan Ronald D. , Rodriguez Sonia , Rakich Sladjana
Published: July 2021

Schools are increasing the use of social emotional learning (SEL) curriculum, especially at the elementary level. As this trend continues, it's important to examine the SEL curriculum and the competencies that define it. While there are similar definitions for explaining what's involved in SEL, most educators agree that it's basically the process through which students acquire and effectively apply the knowledge, attitudes, and skills necessary to understand and manage emotions, in order to help them make more responsible decisions. In this chapter, the detailed elements of SEL will be reviewed first, followed by an overview of the basic tenets of culturally responsive teaching. Additional cultural needs that today's elementary, middle, and high school students face will also be addressed in this chapter. The last part of the chapter will discuss the importance of merging SEL and culturally responsive teaching in co-existence in order to develop a stronger curriculum for creating equitable outcomes for diverse groups of students.
A Restorative Approach to Culturally Responsive Schools
Authors: Barnett Dori A.
Published: July 2021

Restorative practice is inspired by the restorative justice movement in the criminal justice system, which puts repairing harm and relationships over and above the need for dispensing blame and punishment. Restorative practice refers to a broad range of principles and processes with the aim of developing healthy relationships and building community. Schools report that whole school implementation of restorative practice can lead to positive outcomes including improved school climate, increased academic achievement, and reduced racial disparities in school discipline. This chapter will explore how a whole school approach to restorative practice can transform schools and classrooms and create an inclusive, safe, and culturally responsive school community.
Teaching Through Culture
Authors: McAlister-Shields Leah , Hutchison Laveria , Jones Brandolyn E.
Published: July 2021

The concept of culturally responsive teaching is utilized here to expand the knowledge base of scholars, leaders, and practitioners in higher education settings who are committed to cultivating a learning environment where relevant and inclusive curriculum equals real-world opportunities for all students. Emerging from a pedagogical lens, this chapter will expound upon the implications for the application of culturally responsive teaching in ethnically diverse higher education classrooms.
The Impact of Culturally Responsive Teaching on Underrepresented Students Persistence in STEM
Authors: Thomas Misty S. , Tripp Lucretia O.
Published: July 2021

There is a consistent economic need to increase diversity in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) disciplines and to increase diversity in groups of STEM professionals graduating from colleges and universities in our nation. However, research notates that minoritized populations such as women and/or persons of color, continue to be underrepresented in STEM disciplines. Furthermore, literature suggests that teachers who implement culturally responsive instructional strategies in the classroom positively impact and empower students to develop positive attitudes towards STEM, hence aiding in an increase in the recruitment and retainment of underrepresented groups in STEM disciplines or STEM-related careers. This book chapter will trace research and provide culturally responsive teaching strategies, lesson plan adaptation strategies, and instructional practices that can be used in STEM classrooms in an effort to positively influence underrepresented student's decisions to persist in STEM careers and/or STEM-related fields.
Using Reflection to Explore Cultural Responsiveness of Preservice Teachers
Authors: Whitelaw Louise , Taddei Laura McLaughlin
Published: July 2021

Preservice teachers need experiences that prepare them to work in a variety of settings with a diverse population. Teacher education programs work with mentor teachers and partner schools to provide preservice teachers with time to practice cultural responsiveness. Reflection can be used to explore and discuss these experiences. This chapter will include information on preparing culturally responsive educators with the use of advocacy and reflection, early hands-on experiences, and collaborative professional development. The study involved mentor teachers who reflected on the cultural responsiveness of students placed in their classroom. Preservice teachers completed a survey reflecting on their cultural responsiveness. Preservice teachers need opportunities to work in diverse settings with mentor teachers who support them through the process, and then opportunities to reflect on experiences. The feedback loop between teacher education programs, preservice and mentor teachers is a critical component to successfully preparing culturally responsive teachers.
Professional Development for Teachers of English Learners (ELs)
Authors: Kozlowski Christina T.
Published: July 2021

This chapter focuses on the role of professional development in supporting teacher capacity for instructing English learners (ELs) while placing the reader at the intersection of three significant areas of research as they relate to ELs: culturally responsive teaching, effective PD, and constructivism. These lenses merge to highlight the important role theory coupled with pedagogical practices influence instruction. The research in this chapter provides key findings from the field as well as recommendations for how to utilize constructivism and culturally responsive pedagogy when planning effective PD. This chapter argues that in order for even well-designed reform models of PD to create sustained instructional change, there must be inclusion of deeper conceptual understanding of second language acquisition (SLA) and culturally responsive teaching.
Role of Renewable Energy Techniques to Design and Develop Sustainable Green Building
Authors: Tomar Pradeep
Published: July 2021

This chapter presents the role of renewable energy techniques to design and develop a sustainable framework for green building. The first viewpoint is identified with the earlier structure and the low encapsulated energy building materials for the design and development of a framework for green building. The primary perspective is to manage energy protection using renewable energy techniques in the green building. Green building interchangeably can be used with the term's sustainable construction or green construction. So, durable construction means using environmentally responsible and resource-efficient procedures in development to be ensured of sustainability throughout the lifetime of the building. This chapter also presents the combination of renewable, energy-based technology for green building construction and sustainability with the economics of renewable energy.
Environmental Analysis of Construction Materials
Authors: Cakmakli Aysem Berrin
Published: July 2021

There is a growing universal awareness of protecting the living and non-living environment and making enlightened decisions to achieve a sustainable development without destruction of the natural resources. In this point of view, selecting building materials according to their energy and health performances gains importance in sustainable design. 3Rs (reducing, reusing, recycling), and supplying a healthy, non-hazardous indoor air for building occupants are two important parameters of environmental life-cycle assessment for materials. Information on exposure to gases and vapors from synthetic materials made from petrochemicals, to heavy metals and pesticides, and to some combustion pollutants that cause acid rain should be determined by analyzing environmental product declarations or material specifications. After studying on building materials individually, they are analyzed in the form of tables for four different stages; manufacturing, application, usage, demolition phase. Consequently, this chapter can guide the designer and engineer to think on the elements of design and construction activity.
Recycling and Reuse of Building Materials From Construction and Demolition
Authors: Faisal Nadeem , Kumar Kaushik
Published: July 2021

Urbanization is creating enormous pressure for the effective utilization of the existing land with demolition of old structures for new and modern structures. The debris produced in demolition of these structures are in large amount and disposal of this waste in sustainable manner is the biggest challenge being faced today and should be considered as a resource. With the increasing waste production and public concerns regarding the environment, it is desirable to recycle these materials. If suitably processed in appropriate industrial plants, these materials can be profitably used in concrete. This chapter highlights the composition of construction and demolition waste, the necessity for its recycling, and possibilities that can be implemented for its resourceful use, further focusing on current trends in this field by elaborating various ways to use these waste from laboratory research scale to commercially available technologies around the globe. The chapter concludes with future research directions and guidelines for sustainable use of these wastes.
Profiting From Digital Transformation?
Authors: Lichtenthaler Ulrich
Published: July 2021

Many companies have recently started digital transformation initiatives, and they now increasingly focus on artificial intelligence (AI). By means of smart algorithms and advanced analytics, firms attempt to leverage some of the results of their ongoing digital transformation initiatives, for example with regard to data about their established business operations. A conceptual framework underscores the need for combining data management and AI initiatives in order to ensure a firm's digital readiness and to realize digital business opportunities subsequently. An overview of recent trends further illustrates how different companies respond to these managerial challenges. This paper contributes to the literature on digitalization, AI, and ‘integrated intelligence' by highlighting the role of AI for leveraging data from digital transformation initiatives. Specifically, the use of AI applications helps companies to turn data into valuable knowledge and intelligence. In addition, this paper provides new knowledge about achieving superior performance in the digital economy.
Empirical Analysis of the Phenomenon of Job Burnout Among Employees in the Banking Sector
Authors: Kalandatzis Theodoros , Hyz Alina
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the phenomenon of job burnout among employees in the Greek banking sector in adverse economic circumstances. Information regarding the level of the burnout syndrome was assessed based on the Maslach burnout inventory survey. The responses obtained from 237 participants were analyzed using correlation analysis. The main findings of the research show that burnout syndrome has intensified due to daily pressures in a highly competitive environment caused by the difficult economic situation the country is experiencing in recent years. According to the results, it is more likely that the job burnout syndrome may occur among the employee in the direct customers' services and affect younger people and those with less than 20 years working experience. The professional development and promotion do not affect the level of risk that an employee will face the job burnout syndrome.
Standards and Regulatory Compliances for IoT Security
Authors: Lata Manju , Kumar Vikas
Published: July 2021

The widespread deployments of IoT technologies and their applications present a number of significant challenges due to integration of a number of different categories of devices and technologies. Most importantly, this creates big challenges for the large global organizations in crafting security and access policies that span any region they operate in. As of now, the technical standards for specific IoT security components in the industry are only just starting to be addressed by established IT security standards bodies, consortium organizations, and vendor alliances. Most of government bodies and regulators are also finding it hard to develop globally accepted standards. This present work is concerned with identifying the most important challenges and opportunities with reference to security issues in IoT and identifies the role of standards and regulatory compliances for meeting these challenges at the global level. The available standards and regulations have been presented from practice and research perspectives. A review of the successful IoT standards have been presented, which has been accepted by the industry. At the same time, the most important country specific regulatory compliances have been presented, which have been made mandatory by the government.
Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Parental Responsibility
Authors: Cohen-Almagor Raphael
Published: July 2021

This paper is concerned with the social ills of bullying and cyberbullying that might lead to suicide especially when adolescents are involved. First, the author explains the two concepts. It is noted that people with monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) have a propensity to antisocial behaviour and that they cannot relieve themselves of responsibility for their conduct. We all need to think of the consequences of our actions, and we need to ensure that internet abusers are held accountable for their wrongdoing. It is argued that parental responsibility is paramount. Parents, and society at large, need to exhibit zero tolerance to bullying and cyberbullying. Parents need to take active steps to tackle both phenomena, and, in this context, healthy communication with children and other stakeholders is key for success. Disregard for consequences of both activity and inactivity when facing all forms of bullying is immoral.
Geo-Fence Technique for Prevention of Human Kidnapping
Authors: Iwasokun Gabriel Babatunde , Ogunfeitimi Olayinka Oluwaseun , Akinyokun Oluyomi Kolawole , Ogunlana Samuel Oluwatayo
Published: July 2021

This paper presents how IoT and its related technologies are used to tame human kidnapping. IoT design, geo-fencing, API integration, and GPS signal formed the backbone of the proposed system. While the GSM base stations provide signals for the system, the frontends are the mobile phone devices, application interface, and the GPS. The location signal is transmitted to the server when the subject enters or exits the geofence for movement and direction tracing. The IoT component hosts the web application, MySQL and GMS are used to provide backend solutions, and the GPS guarantees communication and placement of the subject on the search map. The implementation involved suitable platforms and engines and followed up with case study of kidnapping scenarios involving 20 randomly selected individuals. The study established the practical function of the system and its good performances in areas of availability, concealment, security, location accuracy, seamless data transmission, among others. Comparative analysis with related works also established the relative strength of the new method.
Single-Cell Analysis Reveals the Heterogeneity of Monocyte-Derived and Peripheral Type-2 Conventional Dendritic Cells
Authors: Gao Yuehan , Li He , Li Zhaohuai , Xie Lihui , Liu Xiuxing , Huang Zhaohao , Chen Binyao , Lin Xianchai , Wang Xianggui , Zheng Yingfeng , Su Wenru
Published: July 2021

Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for pathogen recognition and Ag processing/presentation. Human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) have been extensively used in experimental studies and DC-based immunotherapy approaches. However, the extent of human moDC and peripheral DCs heterogeneity and their interrelationship remain elusive. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of human moDCs and blood DCs. We identified seven subtypes within moDCs: five corresponded to type 2 conventional DCs (cDC2s), and the other two were CLEC10A+CD127+ cells with no resemblance to any peripheral DC subpopulations characterized to date. Moreover, we defined five similar subtypes in human cDC2s, revealed the potential differentiation trajectory among them, and unveiled the transcriptomic differences between moDCs and cDC2s. We further studied the transcriptomic changes of each moDC subtype during maturation, demonstrating SLAMF7 and IL15RA as maturation markers and CLEC10A and SIGLEC10 as markers for immature DCs. These findings will enable more accurate functional/developmental analyses of human cDC2s and moDCs.
Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Track and Field: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019
Authors: Boltz Adrian J. , Roby Patricia R. , Robison Hannah J. , Morris Sarah N. , Collins Christy L. , Chandran Avinash
Published: July 2021

Context

College athletes have been competing in championship track and field events since 1921; the numbers of competing teams and participating athletes have expanded considerably.

Background

Monitoring injuries of men's track and field athletes using surveillance systems is critical in identifying emerging injury-related patterns.

Methods

Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during the 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 academic years were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics; injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates.

Results

Overall, men's track and field athletes were injured at a rate of 2.37 per 1000 athlete-exposures; injuries occurred at a higher rate during competition compared with practice. Most injuries were to the thigh (26.2%), lower leg (17.3%), or knee (10.7%) and were caused by noncontact (37.2%) or overuse (31.5%) mechanisms. The most reported injury was hamstring tear (14.9%).

The etiologies of thigh and lower-leg injuries warrant further attention in this population. Future researchers should also separately examine injury incidence during indoor and outdoor track and field seasons.
Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Tennis: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019
Authors: Robison Hannah J. , Boltz Adrian J. , Morris Sarah N. , Collins Christy L. , Chandran Avinash
Published: July 2021

Context

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has sponsored women's tennis programs since 1966. Women's tennis has risen in global prominence and popularity within the NCAA.

Background

Continued surveillance of athletic injuries in the NCAA is critical for identifying emerging injury trends and assessing injury prevention strategies.

Methods

Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates.

Results

The overall injury rate was 4.16 per 1000 athlete exposures. Injury to the shoulder, foot, and trunk were the most prevalent throughout the study period. Approximately 30% of all injury diagnoses were related to inflammatory conditions. Also, 32.1% of all injuries were time-loss injuries, and 45.0% of all injuries were non–time-loss injuries.

Conclusions

The findings of this study differed slightly from those of previous investigations, most notably with regard to injury rate by season segment and commonly injured body parts. Future surveillance efforts should attempt to capture the nuances of tennis competitions.
Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Ice Hockey: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019
Authors: Chandran Avinash , Nedimyer Aliza K. , Boltz Adrian J. , Robison Hannah J. , Collins Christy L. , Morris Sarah N.
Published: July 2021

Context

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has sponsored women's ice hockey championships since 2001, and sponsorship has grown over time.

Background

Routine examinations of injuries sustained by athletes are important for identifying and understanding patterns that can be used to inform sport safety practices.

Methods

Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates.

Results

The overall injury rate was 5.89 per 1000 athlete-exposures; preseason injury incidence rose sharply during 2016–2017 through 2018–2019. Head/face injuries (15.2%), knee injuries (13.2%), and shoulder injuries (12.9%) were the most commonly injured body parts, and injuries were most often classified as contusions (18.9%), strains (18.7%), and sprains (15.5%). Concussion (11.9%) was the most commonly reported specific injury, and concussion rates notably increased during 2017–2018 through 2018–2019.

Study findings were generally consistent with the existing epidemiological evidence. Injury incidence in preseason and the etiology of strains warrant further attention in this population.
Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Swimming and Diving: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019
Authors: Boltz Adrian J. , Robison Hannah J. , Morris Sarah N. , D'Alonzo Bernadette A. , Collins Christy L. , Chandran Avinash
Published: July 2021

Context

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has sponsored men's swimming and diving since 1937.

Background

Routine examinations of men's swimming and diving injuries are important for identifying emerging injury-related patterns.

Methods

Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program during the 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 academic years were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differences in injury rates.

Results

The overall injury rate was 1.56 per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) for swimmers and 1.52 per 1000 AEs for divers. Shoulder (27.0%) injuries accounted for the largest proportion of all swimming injuries, and most injuries were attributed to overuse mechanisms (42.6%). Shoulder (23.3%) and trunk (23.3%) injuries accounted for the largest proportion of all diving injuries, and most injuries resulted from surface contact (32.6%).

Conclusions

Findings were consistent with existing literature on swimming and diving. The need for continued surveillance, coupled with more robust participation by swimming and diving programs was also highlighted.
Emotional Intelligence and Quality of Nursing Care
Authors: Khademi Elmira , Abdi Mohammad , Saeidi Mohammad , Piri Shahram , Mohammadian Robab
Published: July 2021

Background:

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is necessary for personal and professional success. This study aimed to determine the relationship between EI and quality of nursing care from the viewpoint of nurses and patients.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive correlational study was conducted using convenience sampling to select the patients (n = 300) and census sampling to select the nurses (n = 100) at Amir Alam Hospital in Tabriz, Iran, in 2018. The data collection tools were the Quality Patient Care Scale (QUALPAC) and EI test by Bradberry-Greaves. Data analysis was performed in SPSS Version 20, using t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square, Pearson's correlation test, and multivariate analysis.

Results:

The mean (SD) score of EI was 91.17 (12.33) in nurses, and the mean (SD) score of nursing care quality was 184.01 (37.41) and 202.22 (22.30) from the viewpoint of patients and nurses, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two viewpoints (p = 0.652). However, there was a significant correlation between the nurses' EI and quality of nursing care (r = 1.00, p < 0.001). The educational level was the strongest predictor of increase in nursing care quality from the patients' viewpoint, according to the multivariate analysis (β = −0.27, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

EI positively affects the quality of nursing care and its dimensions. Therefore, it is recommended that nursing policymakers consider educational programs to strengthen the nurses' EI and enhance the quality of nursing care. Patients, similar to nurses, can be proper indicators of the quality of nursing care; accordingly, simultaneous use of these indicators is suggested.
Iterated monodromy groups of Chebyshev-like maps on $\mathbb{C}^n$
Authors: Bowman Joshua P.
Published: July 2021

Every affine Weyl group appears as the iterated monodromy group of a Chebyshev-like polynomial self-map of

\mathbb{C}^n

.
Prevalence of Knee Osteoarthritis and Health-Related Quality of Life in Stroke Patients over 60 Years Old: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V
Authors: Jeong Kil-Yong , Lee Hyun Jung
Published: July 2021

Background: This study investigated the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis among stroke survivors aged over 60 years and analyzed the association between knee osteoarthritis and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in stroke survivors.Methods: We analyzed data of 287 participants who had experienced a stroke (stroke group) from the 2010–2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Among the participants, 65 stroke survivors also had knee osteoarthritis. We used the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire to compare the differences in HRQOL according to the presence or absence of knee osteoarthritis in the stroke group. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine associated factors affecting HRQOL in the stroke group.Results: The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis was 21% in the stroke group. The EQ-5D index score was significantly lower in patients in the stroke group with knee osteoarthritis than in those without knee osteoarthritis (adjusted mean±standard error [SE], 0.680±0.011 for stroke with knee osteoarthritis and 0.817±0.003 stroke without knee osteoarthritis; p<0.00001). Knee osteoarthritis, age, income level, education level, smoking, walking days, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease significantly influenced HRQOL in the stroke group.Conclusion: The study results confirmed that the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis was 21% in the stroke group and that HRQOL was significantly lower among patients in the stroke group with knee osteoarthritis. These findings suggest the importance of active management of knee osteoarthritis in stroke survivors for HRQOL.
Portal Hypertension as a Complication of Cystic Echinococcosis: A 20-Year Cohort Analysis
Authors: Collado Aliaga Javier , Romero-Alegría Ángela , Alonso-Sardón Montserrat , Prieto-Vicente Vanessa , López-Bernus Amparo , Velasco-Tirado Virginia , Sendra de la Ossa Celia , Pardo-Lledias Javier , Belhassen-García Moncef
Published: July 2021

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic disease caused by the larval forms of species of the tapeworm Echinococcus. The most common location is the liver. To assess the frequency and clinical characteristics of portal hypertension (PH) and the risk factors for PH development, we performed a retrospective observational study of inpatients diagnosed with hepatic CE and PH from January 1998 to December 2018, at Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Spain. Of 362 patients analyzed with hepatic CE, 15 inpatients (4.1%) had a portal vein diameter ≥ 14 mm, and the mean diameter of the portal vein was 16.9 (standard deviation [SD] ±2.1) mm. Twelve patients were men. The mean age was 59.5 years (SD ± 17.8 years). Four patients had ascites (26.6%), four had collateral circulation (26.6%), 14 had hepatosplenomegaly (93.3%), five had esophageal varices (33.3%), four had hematemesis, and three had jaundice. Other causes of PH included hepatitis B virus (1 patient) and hepatitis C virus (1 patient) infections and alcohol abuse (1 patient). The host variables associated with PH development were male sex (odds ratio, 4.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–20.9; P = 0.030) and larger cyst size (10.8 ± 6.3 versus 7.6 ± 4.1; P = 0.004). Hepatic CE is an infrequent cause of PH that usually occurs without indications of liver failure. Larger cyst size and male sex were the main risk factors associated with this complication. Mortality was higher for patients with hepatic CE with PH than for patients with hepatic CE without PH.
Synthesis, characterization and functional evaluation of gold nanoparticles prepared using Dovyalis abyssinica leaf extracts as reducing and surface capping agent
Authors: Gebresilassie Abera Beyene , Engida Adam Mekonnen
Published: July 2021

Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plants and microorganisms is biologically safe, cost effective, and environmentally friendly technology. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were synthesized using aqueous extracts of leaves of Dovyalis abyssinica as reducing and surface capping agent and the catalytic activity, antibacterial action and antioxidant potential of the synthesized AU NPs were evaluated. Firstly, HAuCl4 was synthesized in the laboratory from metallic gold and hydrochloric acid using a predesigned method. Secondly, Au NPs was synthesized by mixing HAuCl4 and the plant extract at 45 oC with a digestion time of 1 h. The size of the nanoparticles was modulated by varying the ratio of the plant extract and HAuCl4 with known concentrations. The synthesized Au NPs showed strong absorption around 540 nm which lies in the characteristic absorption region of Au metal nanoparticles (520–580 nm). The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the synthesized Au NPs showed characteristic crystalline structures of gold. The scanning electron spectroscopy images of the synthesized Au NPS revealed the presence of mixed shapes predominantly of irregular shapes and a particle size analyzer displayed an average size of 63.13 nm. The fourier-transform infrared spectrum of Au NPS confirmed the presence of amine, carbonyl and hydroxyl functional groups as surface capping molecules. Although the synthesized Au NPs showed poor bacterial growth inhibition activity on two selected bacteria, it demonstrated excellent free radical scavenging activity against 2, 2-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and good catalytic activity for degrading bromothymol blue and methyl red compounds. In contrast to the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, the aqueous fraction was identified as powerful reducing fraction for the synthesis of Au NPs in this experiment.
Omitted-variable bias in demand-regime estimations: the role of household credit and wage inequality in Brazil
Authors: Burle Julia , Carvalho Laura
Published: July 2021

In the Kaleckian theoretical framework, an economy's demand regime is characterized as either wage-led or profit-led depending on the relative effect of an increase in the wage share on consumption, investment, and net exports. Based on this framework, a vast empirical literature has focused on estimating demand regimes in numerous countries. Although they contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between distribution and demand in different economies and time periods, they also face various critiques on theoretical and methodological grounds. This paper aims to address one dimension of these critiques by investigating a potential omitted-variable bias in the estimated relationship between distribution and demand in the Brazilian economy between 1997 and 2014. Our results suggest that when controlling for some of the relevant factors in Brazil's inclusive growth experience of the early twenty-first century, namely wage inequality, commodity prices, and household credit, the empirical characterization of the Brazilian demand regime as profit-led loses its statistical significance. Also, the demand-regime definition was found to be most sensitive to intra-wage distribution, confirming previous findings in the Kaleckian empirical literature for the Brazilian case.
Sobre a vulnerabilidade etária do artigo 217-A do Código Penal e o necessário binômio liberdade-responsabilidade
Authors: Amaral Rodrigo José dos Santos
Published: July 2021

O objeto do presente artigo é o conceito de vulnerabilidade por idade, contido no artigo 217-A, caput do Código Penal. Analisa-se a aparente contradição entre o marco etário da vulnerabilidade no estupro e os marcos etários presentes no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. Por fim, escrutina-se algumas soluções já adotadas na doutrina e na jurisprudência para, ao final, propor uma solução própria com base nas ideias que o conceito de vulnerabilidade é relacional e os conceitos de liberdade e responsabilidade possuem uma relação intrínseca.
O tipo penal de stalking: questões de legitimidade e interpretação
Authors: Roxin Claus
Published: July 2021

O tipo penal de stalking foi introduzido no ordenamento jurídico alemão em 2007 e reformado em 2017. O presente artigo analisa a introdução deste crime no Código Penal alemão, abrangendo tanto ponderações político-criminais, como uma análise dogmática do dispositivo. Primeiramente, faz breve introdução sobre o dispositivo e sua origem. Em seguida, expõe e rebate as críticas ao tipo penal, defendendo a sua constitucionalidade e pertinência.Apresenta a discussão sobre o bem jurídico protegido e toma posição a respeito. Descreve os requisitos da conduta típica, fornecendo, sobretudo, parâmetros de interpretação dos termos “perseguição” e “prejuízo grave”. Utiliza, por fim, uma análise de grupo de casos para discutir o limite entre condutas puníveis e condutas atípicas.
Ne bis in idem penal, processual e na sanção administrativa
Authors: Dias Júnior Etéocles Brito Mendonça , Lima Ricardo Alves de
Published: July 2021

O artigo visa a explorar a natureza jurídica e o impacto do princípio do ne bis in idem na ordem jurídica brasileira, constitucional e infraconstitucional, em seus aspectos penal, administrativo e processual, demonstrando a importância adquirida pelo mesmo através de sua maturação doutrinária, bem como, a evolução do tema nos principais pactos internacionais de proteção de direitos humanos. Visa, ainda, a apontar seus pontos de tensão com o princípio da separação das instâncias e instigar uma breve reflexão sobre a lógica sancionatória agasalhada em nosso ordenamento jurídico, que resta compartilhada por diversos países europeus de tradição romano-germânica, mas recentemente sofreu nova direção pela jurisprudência definida pelo sistema europeu de proteção de direitos humanos.
Geographic Classification and Identification of SARS-CoV2 From Related Viral Sequences
Authors: Sherif Fayroz. F. , Ahmed Khaled. S.
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced to mild the risks of deadly epidemic-prone illnesses sweeping our globalized planet. The pandemic is still going strong, with additional viral variations popping up all the time. For the close to future, the international response will have to continue. The molecular tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection may lead to False-negative results due to their genetic similarity with other coronaviruses, as well as their ability to mutate and evolve. Furthermore, the clinical features caused by SARS-CoV-2 seem to be like the symptoms of other viral infections, making identification even harder. We constructed seven hidden Markov models for each coronavirus family (SARS-CoV2, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV), using their complete genome to accurate diagnose human infections. Besides, this study characterized and classified the SARS-CoV2 strains according to their different geographical regions. We built six SARS-CoV2 classifiers for each world's continent (Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Australia). The dataset used was retrieved from the NCBI virus database. The classification accuracy of these models achieves 100% in differentiating any virus model among others in the Coronavirus family. However, the accuracy of the continent models showed a variable range of accuracies, sensitivity, and specificity due to heterogeneous evolutional paths among strains from 27 countries. South America model was the highest accurate model compared to the other geographical models. This finding has vital implications for the management of COVID-19 and the improvement of vaccines.
AtDREB2A Gene Expression Under Control of the Inducible Promoter and Virus 5’-untranslated Regions Improves Tolerance to Salinity in Nicotiana Tabacum
Authors: Karpova O. , Alexandrova A. , Nargilova R. , Ramazanova M. , Kryldakov R. , Iskakov B.
Published: July 2021

Transcriptional factor DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 2A (DREB2A) induces the expression of many genes in dehydration, heat shock, and salinity in Arabidopsis. Deletion of sequence coding the 30 amino acid central region transforms full length (FL) protein DREB2A FL into a more stable and constitutively active form known as DREB2A CA. Here, using agrobacteria, a leaf disc transformation of Nicotiana tabacum v. Samsun NN was carried out by transgenes AtDREB2A-FL and AtDREB2A-CA coding the proteins with His-tag on the С-end. The effects of combinations of constitutive 35S CaMV promoter or inducible rd29A promoter with different viral or artificial 5’-untranslated regions (UTR), 5’TMV, 5’PVY, 5’AMV or 5’ARC1, known as translational enhancers were evaluated on the both transgenes’ expression. Using an antibody to His-tag, recombinant protein synthesis was detected in transgenic plants in normal and heat shock conditions. After comparative analysis, it was shown that the properties of different 5’-UTRs vary greatly and depended on separate conjunction of promoter and transgene. The integration of AtDREB2A CA under control of the rd29A promoter and 5’TMV or 5’AMV in genome effectively improved tolerance of tobacco transgenic plants to 400 mM NaCl and to drought.
Saudi Undergraduate Computing Programs in Light of the 2020 Curricula Report
Authors: Alabdulkarim Yazeed , Almukaynizi Mohammed , Almaymoni Marwan , Alhadlag Abdulaziz , Alsalamah Shada , Alsalamah Hessah
Published: July 2021

University undergraduate pro- grams in computing disciplines are updated regularly to adapt to advancements in the field and emerging, fast-growing industry demand. This paper reports the current status of a selected set of undergraduate programs in com- puting fields in Saudi Arabia and compares them to other programs from international universi- ties in light of the 2020 Computing Curricula Report (CCR). This comparative study aims to enlighten future efforts for designing cur- ricula and updating undergraduate computing programs in Saudi Arabia. A sample of 26 Saudi universities (15 public and 11 private) and 15 international universities offering 161 programs is selected. The comparison criteria include program discipline, duration, number of units, accreditation, required training, and others. We find significant differences between programs offered by Saudi public and private universities compared to international university programs. For example, programs offered by Saudi universities, especially the public, require more units compared to international programs (median of 143 units vs. 120 units). Our findings would guide future undergraduate computing program developments in Saudi Arabia.