bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TESSELLATION PLANNING AND HONEYCOMB HOUSING
Authors: Ghazali Mazlin , Durack Michael J. , Davis Mohd Peter
Published: September 2016

In honeycomb housing, produced by tessellation planning, small courtyard neighbourhoods of 5 - 16 houses are linked together into cul-de-sac communities of up to 42 houses, which in turn form part of a larger neighbourhood of up to 300 houses. This physical arrangement promotes communal interaction and safety from traffic and crime. The house types used are novel, with wide frontages and every attached house is a corner unit. The compact footprints encourage contour housing. Every house faces a public garden in the centre of the courtyard, accessible for the very young, old and disabled, \Vhere big canopy trees can be planted. Using mathematics, we can prove that substantially less road area is required, which improves both the green and the saleable land area. Densities can also be higher. The tnathematical basis of tessellation planning allowed us to develop prototype software tools that produce pre-drawing' feasibility studies, and following this, rapidly create the layout plan and land-use breakdown.
URBAN SUSTAINABILITY AND GROWTH MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH-EAST ASIAN CITY REGIONS: THE CASE OF KUALALUMPUR AND HONGKONG
Authors: Teriman Suharto , Yigitcanlar Tan , Severine Mayere
Published: September 2016

Major South-East Asian city-regions have experienced considerable physical, economic and social transformations during the past three decades. The rapid pace of globalisation and economic restructuring has resulted in these city-regions receiving the full impact of urbanisation pressures. In an attempt to ease these pressures, city-regions such as Bangkok, Seoul, Tokyo, Taipei, Hong Kong, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur have advocate growth management approaches giving particular interest to urban sustainability. These approaches promote efforts to achieve the triple bottom line sustainability by balancing economic and social development, and environmental protection, and putting more emphasis on compact and optimum development of urban forms. This paper evaluates the case of two South-East Asian city-regions, Kuala Lumpur and Hong Kong, and assesses their experiences in managing their urban forms whilst promoting sustainable patterns of urban development. The findings show that sustainable urban development initiatives employing a top down approach has yielded encouraging results in these case study city-regions. However the need for a more concerted effort towards the overall sustainability agenda still remains vital.
Противовирусная и антибактериальная терапия в лечении внебольничных пневмоний
Authors: Loskutov O.A. , Druzhyna O.M. , Kolesnikov V.H.
Published: September 2016

Работа посвящена систематизации подходов к противовирусной и антибактериальной терапии в лечении внебольничных пневмоний. В настоящее время пневмония является основной причиной летальности среди всех инфекционных осложнений во всех возрастных группах и шестой ведущей причиной смерти у подобной категории больных старше 65 лет. Основным компонентом в комплексном лечении больных с гриппозной пневмонией, осложненной бактериальной инфекцией, является своевременное назначение адекватной антивирусной и антибактериальной терапии.Проведение антивирусной терапии следует начинать на раннем этапе заболевания, основываясь на клинической картине болезни, не дожидаясь лабораторного подтверждения гриппа, т.к. разброс чувствительности к экспресс-тестам может составлять от 10 до 70 %.Противовирусная терапия основана на использовании ингибиторов нейраминидазы, которые являются одними из основных препаратов для лечения вирусных пневмоний и гриппоподобных заболеваний как у взрослых, так и у детей. А проведение ранней эмпирической антимикробной терапии целесообразно у больных с признаками вирусного поражения легких при наличии у них сопутствующих гнойно-воспалительных процессов.
TRALI-синдром в акушерстве
Authors: Padalko A.A. , Zhezher A.О. , Vashchuk F.S. , Mekhedko V.V.
Published: September 2016

В статье освещаются этиология, патогенез, диагностика, профилактика и лечение острого повреждения легких вследствие гемотрансфузий. Приводится клинический случай своевременной диагностики и лечения данного осложнения.
Значение симпатовагального баланса как биофизического маркера преэклампсии
Authors: Lakhno I.V.
Published: September 2016

Преэклампсия (ПЭ) является одним из серьезных осложнений беременности, которое приводит к синдрому полиорганной недостаточности. Целью исследования было изучение взаимосвязи симпатовагального баланса и типа центральной материнской гемодинамики у беременных с ПЭ. Материалы и методы. Было проведено изучение типа центральной материнской гемодинамики и вариабельности сердечного ритма у 102 пациенток в 32–37 недель беременности. 30 из них были с физиологическим течением процесса гестации и составили группу I (контроля). Во II группе под наблюдением находилось 40 беременных с ПЭ легкой и средней степени. К III группе были отнесены 32 пациентки с ПЭ тяжелой степени. Результаты. Показатели вариабельности сердечного ритма матери отражали гиперсимпатикотонию на фоне ПЭ. Полученные данные подтверждали известную гипердинамическую модель легкой и среднетяжелой ПЭ. Сохранность гестационной гиперволемии на фоне повышенного периферического сопротивления сосудов приводила к увеличению сердечного выброса. Переход к гиповолемии и низкому сердечному выбросу отражал гиподинамическую гемоциркуляцию на фоне тяжелой ПЭ. Повышение симпатовагального баланса было признаком вазоконстрикции и гипоперфузии. Это было подтверждено наличием сильной корреляции между симпатовагальным балансом и общим периферическим сопротивлением сосудов (R = 0,70; р < 0,05), симпатовагальным балансом и сердечным индексом (R = –0,63; р < 0,05 ). Вывод. Повышение симпатовагального баланса более 2,0 было биофизическим маркером ПЭ.
Циклооксигеназа: фізіологічні ефекти, дія інгібіторів та перспективи подальшого застосування парацетамолу
Authors: Kursov S.V. , Nikonov V.V.
Published: September 2016

В аналітичному огляді надані сучасні погляди на особливості функціонування ферменту циклооксигенази (ЦОГ), функції простаноїдів та механізми дії нестероїдних протизапальних заходів, мішенню яких і є ЦОГ. Докладно розглянуто особливості фармакологічних ефектів парацетамолу — препарату, широке застосування якого з метою усунення больового синдрому та лихоманки триває. Висвітлено основні переваги та недоліки парацетамолу. Розглянуто питання гепатотоксичності та потрібних заходів для її профілактики, а також сучасна схема лікування пацієнтів із гострими токсичними гепатитами, що викликані передозуванням парацетамолу.
Актуальність вивчення проблеми післяопераційного делірію в пацієнтів похилого віку
Authors: Pavlov O.O. , Lutsyk S.A.
Published: September 2016

Післяопераційний делірій є несприятливим післяопераційним ускладненням, що може розвинутися в пацієнтів будь-якого віку, від дітей до літніх людей. Розвиток делірію пов’язаний з подовженням терміну проведення механічної вентиляції легень, тривалістю перебування в палатах інтенсивної терапії та зниженням функціональної активності. Пацієнти з післяопераційним делірієм потребують залучення додаткової робочої сили й часу медичного персоналу. Поданий літературний огляд виявляє недостатню кількість досліджень щодо профілактичних заходів із запобігання розвитку делірію в післяопераційному періоді в пацієнтів похилого віку. Високоякісна періопераційна допомога для літніх пацієнтів є соціальною й фінансовою необхідністю. Літні пацієнти є одним з найбільш швидко зростаючих сегментів населення. Розвиток післяопераційного делірію призводить до збільшення перебування в стаціонарі й корелює зі смертністю та зниженням якості життя. Запобіжне виявлення осіб, схильних до розвитку делірію, створення центрів передового досвіду дозволяє оптимізувати хірургічне лікування таких пацієнтів і покращувати результати. У майбутньому передбачається проведення досліджень на довгостроковій основі й визначення результатів лікування поряд із аналізом летальних випадків та якості життя оперованих пацієнтів. Результати подібних досліджень мають допомагати клініцистам у визначенні показань до хірургічного лікування.
Механизмы действия пробиотиков на основе Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Savustyanenko A.V.
Published: September 2016

Бактерия B.subtilis является одним из наиболее перспективных пробиотиков, изученных в последние десятилетия. Механизмы ее пробиотического действия связаны с синтезом противомикробных веществ, усилением неспецифического и специфического иммунитета, стимуляцией роста нормальной микрофлоры кишечника и выделением пищеварительных ферментов. B.subtilis выделяет рибосомально синтезируемые пептиды, нерибосомально синтезируемые пептиды и непептидные вещества с широким спектром противомикробной активности, охватывающим грамположительные, грамотрицательные бактерии, вирусы и грибы. Резистентность к данным противомикробным веществам возникает редко. Усиление неспецифического иммунитета связано с активацией макрофагов и высвобождением из них провоспалительных цитокинов, повышением барьерной функции слизистой оболочки кишечника, выделением витаминов и аминокислот (включая незаменимые). Усиление специфического иммунитета проявляется активацией Т- и В-лимфоцитов и высвобождением из последних иммуноглобулинов — IgG и IgA. B.subtilis стимулирует рост нормальной микрофлоры кишечника, в частности бактерий родов Lactobacillus и Bifidobacterium. Кроме того, пробиотик увеличивает разнообразие микрофлоры кишечника. Пробиотик выделяет в просвет кишечника все основные пищеварительные ферменты: амилазы, липазы, протеазы, пектиназы и целлюлазы. В дополнение к перевариванию пищи данные ферменты разрушают антипищевые факторы и аллергенные вещества, содержащиеся в поступающей пище. Перечисленные механизмы действия делают обоснованным применение B.subtilis в составе комплексной терапии для борьбы с кишечными инфекциями; профилактики респираторных инфекций в холодное время года; профилактики антибиотикассоциированной диареи; для коррекции нарушений переваривания и продвижения пищи различного генеза (погрешности в диете, изменение рациона питания, болезни желудочно-кишечного тракта, нарушения вегетативной нервной системы и др.). B.subtilis обычно не вызывает побочные эффекты. Для данного пробиотика характерно высокое соотношение эффективности и безопасности.
Comparative effectiveness of adalimumab and etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis in the Brazilian Public Health System
Authors: dos Santos Jéssica Barreto Ribeiro , Almeida Alessandra Maciel , Acurcio Francisco de Assis , de Oliveira Junior Haliton Alves , Kakehasi Adriana Maria , Guerra Junior Augusto Afonso , Bennie Marion , Godman Brian , Alvares Juliana
Published: September 2016

Aim:
Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with adalimumab and etanercept the most used bDMARDs in Brazil. This open prospective cohort study evaluated their effectiveness and safety among RA patients in the Brazilian Public Health System given their costs.
Methods:
The Clinical Disease Activity Index was primarily used to assess their effectiveness after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. The Health Assessment Questionnaire and EuroQol-5D were also used.
Results
: A total of 266 RA patients started treatment with adalimumab or etanercept. Adalimumab was the most widely used bDMARD (70%). In total, 46% achieved remission or low-disease activity at 12 months with no difference in effectiveness between them (p = 0.306). bDMARDs were more effective in patients who had better functionality at treatment onset and had spent longer in education.
Conclusion:
This real-world study demonstrated that adalimumab and etanercept are equal alternatives for RA treatment and both were well tolerated.
Avaliação de forrageiras tropicais: Revisão
Authors: Silva Gonçalo Mesquita da , Silva Fabiano Ferreira da , Viana Pablo Teixeira , Rodrigues Eli Santana de Oliveira , Moreira Charles Neris , Meneses Murilo de Almeida , Abreu Júnior José de Souza , Rufino Cassyo de Araújo , Barreto Luan da Silva
Published: September 2016

The forage is all food consumed by animals (grasses and legumes), the most important component in the diet of ruminants, is through the ingestion of dry matter forage that essential nutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals, are metabolised in the gastric intestinal tract and absorbed into the bloodstream through chemical and physiological mechanisms at the level of the digestive system of ruminants. Thus, it is necessary to adopt the properties for animal production management of pasture, it is through dry matter intake pasture, the animals can maximize their productive and reproductive performance. Poorly managed pastures do not provide nutrients in quantity and quality throughout the year for the animals. The methods used for the grazing system are: intermittent grazing, strip grazing, deferred grazing and grazing limit. Therefore, aimed to address the different methods used at the level of research and extension, through production of dry matter measurements of tropical forages
Assessment of herbs and spices extracts/meal on rumen fermentation: a review (Inglês)
Authors: Rosa Prates Ênio , Faniyi Oreoluwa Tolulope , Adewumi Micheal Kolawole , Bankole Temitope
Published: September 2016

The ban on antibiotics use in animal agriculture especially in Europe and the increased awareness of the consumers about the health hazards that occurs due to the use of antibiotics as feed additives in animal nutrition triggered a need for natural and safe feed additives such as plant extracts. Therefore, there is a need to explore/exploit different natural plant products to achieve better production in farm animals. Herbs and spices are known to have health benefits on animals when used as feed additives in animal nutrition. For effective use of herbs and spices, they can be added to feed as dried plants or as extracts. Ruminants have been adapted to fill an important ecological niche because of their specially adapted digestive tract that allows them to survive on fibrous feeds. However, the degradation of these feeds in the rumen leads to loss in terms of methane production and nitrogenous wastage. Methane loss represents about 12% of the gross energy of feed fed to the animals. Because of these reasons, there is need to manipulate the rumen microbial ecosystem for the purpose of improving ruminants production efficiency. Recently, many researchers have diverted their attentions to the use of extracts/meal from herbs and spices because of their great potentials. Many researches has been carried out by various researchers using different extracts/meal of some herbs and spices using in vitro gas production techniques to manipulate rumen microbial ecosystem in order to improve the productivity of ruminants. From the findings of these researches, it can be concluded that extracts of herbs and spices have a great potential in manipulating the process of rumen fermentation thereby reducing methane production, decreasing ammonium concentration and other rumen fermentation parameters.
Parcela ótima para a cultura do cafeeiro obtido por simulação de dados com variâncias conhecidas
Authors: Moreira Juracy , Melo Aurélio Ferreira , Oliveira Jose Marcelo de , Ataides Daniela Silva , Ribeiro Marcelo Carlos , Bortolini Juliano
Published: September 2016

Several methods have been used by researchers to determine the optimum size of experimental plot and control of experimental error, the most widespread are: empirical method of Smith (1938), method of visual inspection of maximum curvature (Federer, 1955), method of maximum curvature coefficient of variation (Lessman & Atkins, 1963). Some methods of segmented model adjustment was recently proposed to (linear with plateau) to determine the optimum plot size (Paranaiba et al., 2009). All methods mentioned above have used data from assays for measuring uniformity variability between possible plot sizes. The data used in this study were obtained through computer simulation data of a uniformity test. The goal proposed in this paper is to use statistical techniques to determine the optimal sample size. We conclude the optimum plot size was achieved by the method of maximum curvature coefficient of variation which showed a R2 of 0.9818
Cyclin G1 inhibits the proliferation of mouse endometrial stromal cell in decidualization
Authors: Xu Qian , Yuan Dong-zhi , Zhang Sheng , Qu Ting , Zhang Shi-mao , Yu Lin-lin , Zhang Jin-hu , Yue Li-min
Published: September 2016

Uterine stromal cell decidualization is a dynamic physiological process in
which cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis are orchestrated and
occur in a temporal and cell-specific manner. This process is important for
successful embryo implantation. Many cell-cycle regulators are involved in
decidualization. The protein cyclin G1 is a unique regulator of the cell
cycle with dual functions in cell proliferation. It was reported that cyclin
G1 is expressed in mouse uterine stromal cells during the period of
peri-implantation. To prove the function of cyclin G1 in mouse uterine
stromal cells during this period, immunohistochemistry was used to stain
mouse uterine tissues on days 4-8 of pregnancy. The results showed obvious
spatial and temporal expression of cyclin G1 in uterine stromal cells, and
that it is expressed in the cells of the primary decidual zone (PDZ) on day 5
and secondary decidual zone (SDZ) on days 6 and 7, when the stromal cells
experienced active proliferation and differentiation was initiated. Applying
the decidualization model of cultured primary stromal cells in vitro, we
further revealed that the expression of cyclin G1 is associated with
decidualization of stromal cells induced by medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)
and estradiol-17? (E2). RNA interference was used for the knockdown of cyclin
G1 in the induced decidual cells. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that the
proportion of cells in the S stage was increased, and decreased in the G2/M
phase. Our study indicates that cyclin G1, as a negative regulator of the
cell cycle, plays an important role in the process of decidualization in
mouse uterine stromal cells by inhibiting cell-cycle progression.
Pragmatic Technology and the Libyan Bronze Age
Authors: Hulin Linda
Published: September 2016

The last decade has seen an increase in our knowledge of the archaeology of the Libyans in the western desert of Egypt. This paper considers the extent to which the Libyans possessed a metals technology. Without access to indigenous ore bodies, it has been widely assumed that the Libyans lacked any metallurgical know- how. The discovery of crucibles at Marsa Matruh and Zawiyet Umm el-Rakham has not changed this view. In this paper it is argued that the Libyans possessed a pragmatic knowledge based on the need to repair and re-work metal objects gained through trade or war. The crucibles represent material evidence for this that has been over looked by scholars with overly pessimistic conceptions of the adaptive capacities of nomadic and semi-nomadic societies.
Who is Meddling in Egypt’s Affairs? The Identity of the Asiatics in the Elephantine Stele of Sethnakhte and the Historicity of the Medinet Habu Asiatic War Reliefs
Authors: Kahn Dan’el
Published: September 2016

It is the purpose of this article to address the identity of the auxiliary Asiatic troops mentioned in the Elephantine Stele of Sethnakhte, founder of the Twentieth Dynasty. The identity of these auxiliaries will help to illuminate the political relations between Egypt and the Levant in the first quarter of the twelfth century BCE. Furthermore, it is claimed that the royal texts, reliefs, and topographical lists of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu dealing with campaigning in Northern Syria—usually regarded as mere copies of earlier kings’ exploits—are genuine and shed light on a campaign Ramesses III conducted against Amurru and Hittite cities before his fifth regnal year, probably extending to the Euphrates. It may be that both Sethnakhte and Ramesses III were referring to the same Asiatic enemies.
A Proto-Sinaitic Inscription in Timna/Israel: New Evidence on the Emergence of the Alphabet
Authors: Wimmer Stefan Jakob
Published: September 2016

A rock inscription, discovered in summer 2009 in Timna (Wadi el-Man‘iye), Israel, is presented and interpreted herein. The context of Egyptian copper mining activities in the New Kingdom at Timna, involving workforce recruited from the local Semitic population, accommodates placing the graffito in the tradition of the so-called Proto-Sinaitic (PS) inscriptions. The engraving can be read as a West Semitic personal name and an introductory title or qualification. It supplies meaningful variant traits not attested hitherto in PS texts, and contributes to the controversial dating of the earliest attestations of alphabetic writing. Doubts as to the authenticity and/or antiquity of the engraving are also addressed.
The Galatian Shield in Egypt
Authors: Coleman Matthew
Published: September 2016

In the Hellenistic world Galatian mercenaries were extremely popular in the armies of the successor kingdoms. They were a non-aligned ethnic mercenary element which would be loyal to its employer, the king, rather than the local community. The Ptolemaic kingdom was no exception, hiring many of these mercenaries and settling them in Egypt. Once the Galatians arrived in Egypt, an effort was made to preserve the uniqueness of these “barbarian” troops among the rest of the population. Nowhere is this distinction clearer than in the symbols used to identify Galatians in art. The most prevalent of these symbols is the shield. With its distinctive boss and horizontal handle, the Celtic shield used by the Galatians has an appearance that conveys an ethnic attachment. Greek and Egyptian shields are smaller with a different boss and handle combination that would have made the distinction clear for a person living in Egypt at the time. In Ptolemaic Egypt the Galatian shield became an identifying symbol of the Galatian mercenaries living in the kingdom, a symbol reinforced by their Greek neighbors.
An Egyptian Loanword in the Book of Isaiah and the Deir 'Alla Inscription: Heb. nṣr, Aram. nqr, and Eg. nṯr as “[Divinized] Corpse”
Authors: Hays Christopher B.
Published: September 2016

The Egyptian noun ntr, “god,” provides a plausible explanation for Hebrew נצר in Isa 14:19 and נצורים in 65:4, both of which have thus far defied positive explanation. In Isa 14 it is perfectly suited to mock the king’s divine aspirations; it commonly refers to the deceased king and to the mummified corpse in Egyptian; it requires a strong negative modifier such as נתעב ; and it is no great stretch to think that Isaiah knew such common Egyptian vocabulary. In Isa 65:4 it avoids an emendation and reveals a far better parallelism (graves/corpses) than other proposed solutions. Isaiah 49:6 has long been understood to employ the same word as 65:4, and it may well reflect an intentional wordplay on the meanings “returning the survivors” and “restoring the corpses.” Finally, the Aramaic term nqr in Deir ‘Alla II.5, 12, 14 has frequently been connected to the Isaianic texts, and a reference to a divinized dead person in makes better sense in the context than a word related to “detached flesh.”
The Importance of Imports: Petrographic Analysis of Levantine Pottery Jars in Egypt
Authors: Ownby Mary F.
Published: September 2016

Interconnections between Egypt and the Levant have been a focus of research for many years. However, only more recently has the scientific method of thin section petrography of ceramic vessels been applied. Through petrography, the raw materials can be identified and related to their known origins, suggesting a provenance. Recent examination of jars dating from the Old kingdom, Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period, New Kingdom, Late Period, and Late roman Period revealed that a number of areas in the Eastern Mediterranean were trade partners at one time or another. On the other hand, Lebanon was a long standing trade partner, undoubtedly due to the significance of the commodities exported from this region to Egypt. Thus, while the political situation in the Levant and Egypt changed dramatically across almost 3000 years, the desire to have Lebanese goods did not.
Toward Pinpointing the Timing of the Egyptian Abandonment of Avaris during the Middle of the 18th Dynasty
Authors: Petrovich Douglas
Published: September 2016

Research report.
The Western Marmarica Coastal Survey, Libya
Authors: Hulin Linda
Published: September 2016

Research report.
Ongoing Investigations at a Late Old Kingdom Coastal Fort at Ras Budran in South Sinai
Authors: Mumford Gregory
Published: September 2016

Research report.
Recent Work Concerning the Relations between Egypt and Her Neighbors
Authors: Vittmann Günter
Published: September 2016

Research report.
A Late Period Riverine and Maritime Port Town and Cult Center at Tell Tebilla (Ro-nefer)
Authors: Mumford Gregory
Published: September 2016

Tell Tebilla (Ro-nefer) represents one of several riverine and maritime ports in Egypt’s delta during Dynasties 21–30 (1069–343 BCE). It displays diverse relations, including with southern Egypt, the East Mediterranean, and Near East. Tebilla apparently flourished, despite periodic political fragmentation, economic decline, civil wars, rebellions, and attacks and invasions by Kushites, Assyrians, Babylonians, and Persians. Growing prosperity is evident through Sheshonq I’s construction of a stone temple in Dynasty 22, and its receipt of costly statues and offerings by Late Period officials and priests. The town’s importance is emphasized by the presence of high ranking officials, elaborate tombs, fittings, and furnishings, and a probable Dynasty 30 enclosure (235 by 352 m) that ranks among medium to large Egyptian temple precincts. Although this enclosure might have doubled as a refuge, its architecture lacks effective military features; Artaxerxes III’s 342 BCE campaign breached Egypt’s delta defenses and destroyed many temples and towns, including Tebilla.
Fishing for Meaning: The Significance of Net Weights, Fishhooks and Netting Needles in Mortuary Contexts at Tell el-‘Ajjul
Authors: Sparks Rachael Thyrza
Published: September 2016

Many of the items found in funerary assemblages can be understood as objects employed in the performance of funerary ritual or as luxury products reflecting the social status of the deceased. Other utilitarian items seem to fall outside these spheres, and while they may be indicative of former lifestyle or profession, they may also hold symbolic significance. This paper presents one such group, a range of fishing-related items from tombs at Tell el-‘Ajjul in the Southern Levant. Confined to a small number of burials dating to the Late Bronze Age, associations with Egyptian-style material and links to objects and practices back in Egypt suggest that this phenomenon may be related to growing Egyptianization of local elites in the Gaza region or even more direct forms of personnel exchange.
Cyprus and Egypt in the Late Bronze Age
Authors: Knapp A. Bernard
Published: September 2016

The socioeconomic and ideological transformations that characterize Late Bronze Age Cyprus have been linked to a major expansion in interconnections with the older cultures of ancient western Asia and Egypt. This study considers the likely impact of Egyptian symbolism and royal ideology on Cyprus, explicitly from a perspective that sees distance and access to 'exotic' goods as possible sources of elite power. Several gold, metal, faience, ivory and glyptic items -- decorated with sphinxes, hieroglyphic signs, and other images –- suggest a sophisticated manipulation of 'Oriental' ideologies of kingship and royal power.
The Sixth Satrapy: The Archaeology of Egypt Under Achaemenid Rule
Authors: Colburn Henry P.
Published: September 2016

Research report.
Storytelling in Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece: A Progress Report
Authors: Lazaridis Nikolaos
Published: September 2016

Research report.
Peripatetic Nomads along the Nile: Unfolding the Nubian Pan Grave Culture of the Second Intermediate Period
Authors: Gatto Maria Carmela
Published: September 2016

This paper argues that the earliest Pan-Grave evidence was not necessarily related to Medjayw specialized workmen, reported to be employed in Egypt since the Old Kingdom, but mainly to families of Eastern Desert pastoral nomads looking for a better living, who took advantage of cracks in the Egyptian political control at the end of the Middle Kingdom to enter the Nile Valley. During the Second Intermediate Period, entire families of Medjayw had to readjust subsistence and way to live in order to be able to stay and interact with Egyptian communities. Pastoral nomads who change their subsistence keeping their cultural tradition are defined in anthropological theory as peripatetic. Archaeological evidence recently found in West Bank Aswan is examined as case study to support this assumption. The theory on peripatetic nomads is applied to the archaeological record to better explain the socio-economic landscape of the early Pan-Grave communities.
Tirhakah, King of Kush and Sennacherib
Authors: Kahn Dan'el
Published: September 2016

According to the Assyrian sources, Sennacherib, King of Assyria (704–681 BCE) went on campaign to the West to quell a rebellion in 701 BCE. During his campaign he conducted a pitched battle against the forces of Egypt and Kush and won the war. However, according to the Biblical narrative the Assyrians suffered an enormous defeat by the angel of God. Furthermore, the Kushite ruler who came to the aid of the Judean forces was Tirhakah (=Taharqa), King of Kush, who ascended the throne of Egypt-and-Kush only eleven years later, in 690 BCE.How then, can we explain the mentioning of Taharqa in the biblical account? Is the information that he was present in the events of 701 BCE an anachronism or is it historically reliable? Can his role in the events be determined? Who won the war – Sennacherib, King of Assyria or Taharqa, King of Kush (and his ally, Hezekiah, King of Judah)? Did Sennacherib conduct two campaigns against the Levant, as some have suggested? The purpose of this article is to address these questions.
The Chronology and Attribution of Royal Pyramids at Meroe and Gebel Barkal: BEG N 8, BEG N 12, BAR 5 and BAR 2
Authors: Yellin Janice W.
Published: September 2016

The absence of securely dated texts and monuments has been an obstacle in establishing the sequence and dating of Meroitic rulers. To compensate a chronology of rulers has been created by hypothetically associating them with a relative sequence of monuments especially the forty-one royal pyramids at Meroe. This lack of firm dating and attributions has led to a degree of circular reasoning in the creation of Meroe's chronology. Investigating degrees of continuity and change in the royal pyramid chapel decorations offers a tool for sequencing pyramids that avoids iterative reasoning. Based on a visual analysis of chapel reliefs in combination with data from Reisner's excavations plausible solutions to some of the problems in Meroe's relative chronology are presented; the correct sequence for BEG N 8, N 9 and N 10, the attribution of BEG N 12 to King Taneyidamani, and the relative dating of BAR 2 that challenges its attribution to King Teriteqas.
Egyptian-Style Pottery Dated to the 13th Century BCE at Hazor, Megiddo and Lachish: Corpus, Ware Fabrics and Typology
Authors: Nataf Katia Charbit
Published: September 2016

This paper is a synopsis of a complete study focused on three main city-states of Canaan, Hazor, Megiddo, and Lachish, during the 13th century BCE. It addresses the question of the Egyptian occupation there, beyond the so-called garrisons mainly situated on the Mediterranean Coast. Through a comparative study of the Egyptian-style pottery, an attempt is made to shed light on the actual influence and hegemony of the Egyptian Empire. A typology of the Egyptian forms is first detailed along with an analysis of the ware fabrics, in order to identify the imports and the imitations and to infer some hypothesis about the potters and the sites under study.
Ceramic Bibliography 2010-2014
Authors: Ownby Mary F. , Bader Bettina
Published: September 2016

This short bibliography is provided as a guide to some of the more recent ceramic studies that provided important information on Egyptian interconnections. It does not aim to be exhaustive, but to highlight some of the trends in the field and where advances have been made. The compilers hope this bibliography will be a starting place for those interested in recent work on pottery and Egyptian contact with the Near East.
Late Bronze Age Imports at Qantir: Petrographic and Contextual Analysis of Fabric Groups
Authors: Ownby Mary F. , Franzmeier Henning , Laemmel Sabine , Pusch Edgar
Published: September 2016

Late Bronze Age imported vessels have been found throughout Egypt during the New Kingdom. Their presence is a tangible testament to the international trade carried out throughout the eastern Mediterranean during this period. Those found at Piramesses/Qantir are particularly important as they represent what was acquired by the royal court in the Nineteenth Dynasty. A petrographic study aimed to clarify the origin of the LBA Canaanite jars and some other imports at Qantir based on a fabric classification system. Examining the prevalence of fabrics from two contexts at the site suggests those areas that were likely key exporters, but also indicates other minor producers may have been involved.
A Mycenaean Open-Air Cult Place in Iklaina
Authors: Cosmopoulos Michael B.
Published: September 2016

During the recent excavations at the Mycenaean settlement of Iklaina a pit was unearthed, containing burned animal bones, numerous drinking vases, plaster offering tables, and animal figurines. This find presents a reasonable case of an open-air site with ritual associations. Here I present a preliminary description of the pit and its finds and assess its possible function and importance.
Qedešet: A Syro-Anatolian Goddess in Egypt
Authors: Budin Stephanie L.
Published: September 2016

This article considers the iconographic origins of the Egyptian goddess Qedešet and her Levantine cognate Qudšu through an examination of their individual iconographic elements, such as V-pose arms, snakes, and coiffures. As the evidence indicates, the nude, en face female, typically standing upon an animal and often portrayed as a potnia therôn, derives from Anatolia. Specifically Egyptian elements are the Hathoric coiffure and the grasping of snakes. Highly distinctive regional aspects of the iconography are presented, distinguishing among Anatolian, North Levantine, South Levantine, and Egyptian iconographic types.
A Curatorial Dilemma: An Examination of Temporary Exhibitions Combining African and Egyptian Visual Culture
Authors: Cummins Elizabeth
Published: September 2016

This paper considers how three exhibitions in the 1990s and 2000s displayed ancient Egyptian and African art together to form a more “holistic” art historical approach to the African continent. The effectiveness of these exhibitions will be examined, as will how this information can aid current scholars and curators in the future.
The Şekerhane Köşkü at Selinus (Cilicia): The Temple of the Deified Trajan
Authors: Hoff Michael
Published: September 2016

In 117 CE the emperor Trajan died at Selinus (modern Gazipaşa, Turkey) while returning to Italy from the East. A building preserved among the ruins of the ancient city has been historically labeled as a cenotaph associated with the emperor’s death in the city. This structure has been identified as temple-like by the recent excavators, but continues to be called a cenotaph. This paper addresses the notion of this identification as a body-less mausoleum, and suggests that the structure served not only as a cult temple to the Deified Trajan, but also may mark the location of the ustrinum for Trajan’s funerary pyre.
Downfall of the Republic! The 1877 General Strike and the Fictions of Red Scare
Authors: Rogers-Cooper Justin
Published: September 2016

This paper argues that the strategic fictions of Communist insurrection circulated during the July 1877 general strike helped President Rutherford B. Hayes authorize the US Army intervention against the strikers. It reads apocalyptic telegrams sent to Hayes beside a pulp novella, The Commune in 1880; Downfall of the Republic.
Catalytic Capacity of Diaza-Crown Ether Lanthanum Complexes with Varied Ligands for Phosphate Ester Hydrolysis in Different Media
Authors: Xie Jia-qing , Zhang Ya , Cai Shu-lan , Li Fang-zhen , Feng Fa-mei
Published: September 2016

Two diaza-crown ether compounds, 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane (L0) and its derivative with double acetamide side arms 2,2'-(1,4,10,13-teteaoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane-7,16-diyl)diacetamide (L), and the corresponding two lanthanum complexes were synthesised and characterised. The catalytic capacity of the lanthanum complexes was investigated for the hydrolysis of bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate ester (BNPP) in aqueous solution and in CTAB micelles. Kinetic studies show that the catalytic efficiency of complex LaL is obviously higher than that of complex LaL0, and introducing acetamide into the ring of the diaza-crown ether can improve the catalytic ability of the complexes for BNPP hydrolysis. A rate enhancement of about two times was observed for the complex–micelle in contrast with the complex–water system for BNPP catalytic hydrolysis. The optimal pH for the catalytic reaction in the two kinds of media systems show an approximately 0.4 pH unit difference. The two complexes possess higher thermostability, and are more stable in the micelle than in aqueous solution. Based on the results and their analysis, a catalytic mechanism with cooperation of acetamide is proposed.
Nutritional Status among under-5 Children of a selected slum in Dhaka city
Authors: Hoque Md Aynal , Sayeed Md Abu , Ahsan Mohammed Rizwanul , Mamun Mohammad Abdullah Al , Salim Farhana
Published: September 2016

Background : Malnutrition is a serious public health problem that has been linked to increase risk of morbidity and mortality. Child malnutrition causes 27% of child deaths in developing countries in 2015.Objective : To estimate the nutritional status of under five children of a selected slum in Dhaka city.Methodology : This was a descriptive cross sectional study and conducted among 100 under 5 children purposively selected at Agargaon slum in Dhaka city during January-2015 to July-2015. Anthropometric measurements were taken by using standard methods. Those were weight, height, MUAC. Information regarding age of children was taken from patients birth certificates or hospital records. Nutritional status was estimated by calculating Z-score, weight for age, height for age, weight for height and mid upper arm circumference. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.Results : Mean age of the study population was 32.95 months. Male was 52% and female was 48%. Regarding Anthropometric assessment according to weight for height Z-score, 39% were wasted moderately and 13% were severely wasted and height for age Z-score, showed 47% of children were stunted moderately and 14% children were severely stunted. According to weight for age Zscore, 46% of children were moderately underweight and 16% children were severely underweight. According to MUAC classification 43% of children were in border line and 16% were malnutrition.Conclusions : Overall, nutritional status of the under 5 child of slum of Agargaon were not satisfactory.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.7(2) Jan 2016: 143-145
Comment on Ernest et al. Programmable Thermal Dissociation of Reactive Gaseous Mercury, A Potential Approach to Chemical Speciation: Results from a Field Study. Atmosphere 2014, 5, 575–596
Authors: Schofield Keith
Published: September 2016

The authors of this paper utilized a so-called “programmable thermal dissociation method” to monitor HgCl2 emitted from a coal-ﬁred Florida combustion plant.[...]
Nano-Structured Gratings for Improved Light Absorption Efficiency in Solar Cells
Authors: Fadakar Masouleh Farzaneh , Das Narottam , Rozati Seyed
Published: September 2016

Due to the rising power demand and substantial interest in acquiring green energy from sunlight, there has been rapid development in the science and technology of photovoltaics (PV) in the last few decades. Furthermore, the synergy of the fields of metrology and fabrication has paved the way to acquire improved light collecting ability for solar cells. Based on recent studies, the performance of solar cell can improve due to the application of subwavelength nano-structures which results in smaller reflection losses and better light manipulation and/or trapping at subwavelength scale. In this paper, we propose a numerical optimization technique to analyze the reflection losses on an optimized GaAs-based solar cell which is covered with nano-structured features from the same material. Using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, we have designed, modelled, and analyzed the performance of three different arrangements of periodic nano-structures with different pitches and heights. The simulated results confirmed that different geometries of nano-structures behave uniquely towards the impinging light.
Tree Stem Diameter Estimation from Mobile Laser Scanning Using Line-Wise Intensity-Based Clustering
Authors: Forsman Mona , Holmgren Johan , Olofsson Kenneth
Published: September 2016

Diameter at breast height has been estimated from mobile laser scanning using a new set of methods. A 2D laser scanner was mounted facing forward, tilted nine degrees downwards, on a car. The trajectory was recorded using inertial navigation and visual SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping). The laser scanner data, the trajectory and the orientation were used to calculate a 3D point cloud. Clusters representing trees were extracted line-wise to reduce the effects of uncertainty in the positioning system. The intensity of the laser echoes was used to filter out unreliable echoes only grazing a stem. The movement was used to obtain measurements from a larger part of the stem, and multiple lines from different views were used for the circle fit. Two trigonometric methods and two circle fit methods were tested. The best results with bias 2.3% (6 mm) and root mean squared error 14% (37 mm) were acquired with the circle fit on multiple 2D projected clusters. The method was evaluated compared to field data at five test areas with approximately 300 caliper-measured trees within a 10-m working range. The results show that this method is viable for stem measurements from a moving vehicle, for example a forest harvester.
Urban Forest Indicators for Planning and Designing Future Forests
Authors: Barron Sara , Sheppard Stephen , Condon Patrick
Published: September 2016

This paper describes a research project exploring future urban forests. This study uses a Delphi approach to develop a set of key indicators for healthy, resilient urban forests. Two groups of experts participated in the Delphi survey: International academics and local practitioners. The results of the Delphi indicate that “urban tree diversity” and “physical access to nature” are indicators of high importance. “Tree risk” and “energy conservation” were rated as indicators of relatively low importance. Results revealed some differences between academics and practitioners in terms of their rating of the indicators. The research shows that some indicators rated as high importance are not necessarily the ones measured or promoted by many municipal urban forestry programs. In particular, social indicators of human health and well-being were rated highly by participants, but not routinely measured by urban forestry programs.
DNA Interaction Studies of Selected Polyamine Conjugates
Authors: Szumilak Marta , Merecz Anna , Strek Malgorzata , Stanczak Andrzej , Inglot Tadeusz , Karwowski Boleslaw
Published: September 2016

The interaction of polyamine conjugates with DNA double helix has been studied. Binding properties were examined by ethidium bromide (EtBr) displacement and DNA unwinding/topoisomerase I/II (Topo I/II) activity assays, as well as dsDNA thermal stability studies and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Genotoxicity of the compounds was estimated by a comet assay. It has been shown that only compound 2a can interact with dsDNA via an intercalative binding mode as it displaced EtBr from the dsDNA-dye complex, with Kapp = 4.26 × 106 M−1; caused an increase in melting temperature; changed the circular dichroism spectrum of dsDNA; converted relaxed plasmid DNA into a supercoiled molecule in the presence of Topo I and reduced the amount of short oligonucleotide fragments in the comet tail. Furthermore, preliminary theoretical study has shown that interaction of the discussed compounds with dsDNA depends on molecule linker length and charge distribution over terminal aromatic chromophores.
Long-Term Sodium Ferulate Supplementation Scavenges Oxygen Radicals and Reverses Liver Damage Induced by Iron Overloading
Authors: Qiao Yang , He Huan , Zhang Zeyu , Liao Zhangping , Yin Dong , Liu Dan , Yi Bo , He Ming
Published: September 2016

Ferulic acid is a polyphenolic compound contained in various types of fruits and wheat bran. As a salt of the active ingredient, sodium ferulate (SF) has potent free radical scavenging activity and can effectively scavenge ROS. In this study, we examined the effect of SF on iron-overloaded mice in comparison to a standard antioxidant, taurine (TAU). We determined the protective role of SF against liver injury by examining liver-to-body ratio (%), transaminase and hepatocyte apoptosis in rats supplied with 10% dextrose intraperitoneal injection. In addition, antioxidative enzymes activities, ROS formation, mitochondrial swelling, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were all evaluated to clarify the mechanism of protective effect of SF associated with oxidative stress. After 15 weeks of SF treatment, we found a significant reduction in liver-to-body weight radio and elevation in both transaminase and hepatocyte apoptosis associated with iron-injected to levels comparable to those achieved with TAU. Both SF and TAU significantly attenuated the impaired liver function associated with iron-overloaded in mice, whereas neither showed any significant effect on the iron uptake. Furthermore, treatment with either SF or TAU in iron-overloaded mice attenuated oxidative stress, associated with elevated oxidant enzymes activities, decreased ROS production, prevented mitochondrial swelling and dissipation of MMP and then inhibited hepatic apoptosis. Taken together, the current study shows that, SF alleviated oxidative stress and liver damage associated with iron-overload conditions compared to the standard ROS scavenger (TAU), and potentially could encourage higher consumption and utilization as healthy and sustainable ingredients by the food and drink.