bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЕРОТИКА У КОМІКСАХ ЖАНА ЖИРО: ВІЗУАЛЬНИЙ ТА КУЛЬТУРНИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: Копанський Тарас Юрійович
Published: October 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню еротичних аспектів у творчості видатного французького художника коміксів Жана Жиро, відомого під псевдонімом Мебіус. Метою роботи є всебічний аналіз специфіки зображення еротики в його візуальних наративах, а також виявлення впливу цих мотивів на розвиток графічного мистецтва та естетичну культуру коміксів. У методологічному плані застосовується комплексний підхід, що поєднує інструменти мистецтвознавчого, культурологічного та семіотичного аналізу. Автор детально досліджує художні прийоми та техніки, які Мебіус використовував для створення еротичного контенту у своїх коміксах та ілюстраціях. Особливу увагу приділено таким знаковим працям, як «Le Bandard Fou», «Les Jardins d’Eros» та «Griffes D’Ange», які демонструють різні підходи художника до зображення еротики. Результати дослідження показують, що еротичні мотиви в мистецтві Мебіуса виходять за межі простої візуальної провокації. Вони слугують засобом глибинного дослідження людської сексуальності, бажання та ідентичності в контексті деконструкції культурних норм і табу. Аналіз виявляє складну динаміку між еротикою та порнографією в роботах Мебіуса, де експліцитні зображення поєднуються з високою художньою цінністю та концептуальною глибиною. Наукова новизна роботи полягає в ґрунтовному розгляді впливу співпраці Мебіуса з Алехандро Ходоровським на розвиток еротичної тематики в його творчості. Автор демонструє, як ця творча синергія призвела до появи більш провокаційних та філософськи насичених творів, де еротика стала інструментом для дослідження глибших екзистенційних та метафізичних питань. Практична значущість дослідження полягає у його внеску в поглиблене розуміння ролі еротики в графічному мистецтві та її потенціалу як засобу художньо-інтелектуального вираження. Результати можуть бути корисними для подальших наукових розвідок у галузі мистецтвознавства, культурології та візуальних студій, а також для розширення уявлень про творчість Жана Жиро серед широкої аудиторії.
ВІТРАЖІ УЖГОРОДСЬКОГО КАТЕДРАЛЬНОГО СОБОРУ
Authors: Копанський Юрій Юрійович
Published: October 2024

Дана наукова стаття присвячена комплексному дослідженню ґенези та еволюції вітражного мистецтва на теренах Закарпаття в контексті загальноєвропейських культурно-мистецьких тенденцій XIX - початку XX століття. Автор здійснює ґрунтовний аналіз історичних передумов появи та розвитку вітражної техніки в регіоні, який тривалий час перебував у складі Австро-Угорської імперії, що зумовило своєрідний синтез західних та місцевих художніх традицій . У статті детально розглядаються художньо-стилістичні особливості, технічні аспекти виконання та символічне навантаження вітражних композицій на прикладі унікального ансамблю Хрестовоздвиженського кафедрального собору в Ужгороді. Особлива увага приділяється дослідженню орнаментальних мотивів, колористичних рішень та іконографії вітражів, які органічно поєднують елементи різних стилів - від середньовічної готики до модерну. Автор здійснює аналіз композиційної структури, технік виконання окремих вітражних творів, зокрема, орнаментальних вікон роботи будапештської мануфактури Едварда Кратцмана та сюжетного вітража "Руські паломники" за ескізом Йосипа Бокшая. У роботі висвітлюється взаємозв'язок вітражних композицій з архітектурним ансамблем храму, їх роль у формуванні сакрального простору та емоційного впливу на вірян. Дослідження розкриває специфіку закарпатського вітражного мистецтва як унікального культурного феномену, що відображає мультикультурну ідентичність регіону. Стаття закладає міцний фундамент для подальших наукових досліджень у царині сакрального мистецтва Закарпаття, окреслюючи перспективи вивчення закономірностей розвитку вітражного мистецтва в храмових спорудах регіону. Представлене дослідження має вагоме значення для розширення наукових знань у галузі історії українського декоративно- прикладного мистецтва та впливу європейських тенденцій на вітраж Закарпаття.
Entre lo presencial y la virtualidad: la herencia de la Crisis Sanitaria para la BUAZ
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Cruz Cruz Marisol , Robles Benítez Benito ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, de Luna López Humberto ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar los cambios en las actividades esenciales de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (BUAZ) tras la Crisis Sanitaria por el virus SARS-CoV-2, a saber: docencia, investigación, gestión y extensión, sustentadas en el Modelo Educativo UAZ. Esto permitirá comprender los efectos en la organización de los docentes como grupo de trabajadores. Primero, se explica el contexto antes y después del confinamiento marcado por la desigualdad en el acceso a la fibra óptica. En segundo lugar, se exponen las categorías del trabajo presencial y el trabajo remoto, así como las particularidades del Modelo Educativo UAZ. Se trata de un trabajo cualitativo porque describe e interpreta el lenguaje escrito y pese al uso de datos cuantitativos, estos son un referente y medio de acceso para la construcción del conocimiento científico social; en tercer lugar, las implicaciones de la pandemia en las actividades de las IES. En la BUAZ las actividades oscilan entre lo presencial y la virtualidad por factores internos marcados por atomización gremial del personal docente y en lo externo, por la inseguridad.
The Eczema Bathing Study: Weekly versus daily bathing for people with eczema? Protocol of an online, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fong Wei Chern Gavin , Howells Laura , Muller Ingrid , Mitchell Eleanor J , Baker Arabella , Thuma Leila , Harrison Eleanor , Bradshaw Lucy , Jiang Yimin , Cowdel Fiona , Leighton Paul , Montgomery Alan , Ravenscroft Jane , Ridd Matthew J , Santer Miriam , Tanaka Reiko J , Hilken Nicholas , Swinden Richard , Dooley Richard , Layfield Carron , Upton Clare , Collins Sophia , Davies Firoza , Owen Tracy , Eddis-Finbow Mars , Patel Devin , Putrym Goldie , Williams Hywel C , Roberts Amanda , Thomas Kim S
Published: October 2024

Background A priority setting partnership for eczema (syn atopic eczema, atopic dermatitis) has identified that bathing frequency is a key area of patient interest. However, there are nolarge, high-quality randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating this. The Rapid Eczema Trials project is a novel programme of research that aims to deliver multiple online RCTs, using a citizen science approach. This project involves working with members of the public to co-design and conduct studies that answer questions of importance to them. The first trial to be conducted through this project is assessing the impact of bathing frequency on eczema. Methods This is an online, two-arm, parallel-group superiority RCT with internal pilot phase. People aged ≥1 year with eczemaliving in the United Kingdom are eligible. Exclusion criteria are: people with other types of eczema such as venous eczema, hand eczema and contact eczema; recently started a new eczema treatment; taking part in another eczema trial; Patient Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) ≤2; planning to swim more than twice a week; unable/unwilling to change bathing practices. Participants are allocated 1:1 to either the weekly bathing group (bathe 1 or 2 times a week) or the daily bathing group (bathe 6 or more times a week) for 4 weeks. The primary outcome is POEM, assessed weekly over 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes include skin specific quality of life, eczema control, itch severity, use of usual eczema treatments, proportion who achieve an improvement in POEM of ≥3 points, global change in eczema and safety outcomes. A sample of participants will also be invited to a semi-structured interview to discuss their experience. The primary comparative analysis will be according to randomised allocation regardless of actual frequency of bathing. The trial will be reported in accordance with CONSORT guidelines. The study has received ethical approval by the London - Surrey Research Ethics Committee (2 Redman Place, London, E20 1JQ, United Kingdom) on 11/10/2023 ( approval number: 23/PR/0899). Trial registration ISRCTN12016473, 22/11/2023, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN12016473
Contribuições de enfermeiros na produção de estudos sobre custos no contexto nacional
Authors: Souza Paloma Gomes de , Carvalho Leonardo de Souza , Lima Antônio Fernandes Costa
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Evidenciar as contribuições de enfermeiros na produção de estudos sobre custos, publicados em periódicos brasileiros, no período de 2007 a 2017. Métodos: Revisão narrativa da literatura cuja amostra de 46 artigos foi selecionada em bases de dados eletrônicas. Resultados: As produções sistemáticas abrangeram aspectos financeiros relativos à prática profissional dos enfermeiros e, apesar do predomínio de estudos com baixo nível de evidência, incrementam a proposição de metodologias de aferição de custos. A análise dos desfechos principais indica as possibilidades de custeio e os desafios para pesquisas futuras, ressaltando-se a obtenção de informações que propiciem o levantamento dos custos indiretos visando apurar o custo total de procedimentos/processos. Considerações finais: Quantitativo expressivo das publicações indica que o conhecimento sobre custos subsidia a alocação eficiente de recursos contribuindo para a sustentabilidade financeira das organizações de saúde. Entretanto, os enfermeiros precisam realizar estudos com maior nível de evidência para subsidiar a prática profissional.
Assistência multiprofissional ao paciente oncológico crítico em pronto socorro/serviço de emergência especializado
Authors: Silva Flávia Aparecida do Nascimento Oliveira , Lacerda Márcia Cavalcanti , Souza Tamires Alves Sede , Homo Rafael Fernandes Bel , Lima Antônio Fernandes Costa
Published: October 2024

Objetivos: Analisar a produção de artigos científicos sobre a assistência multiprofissional ao paciente oncológico crítico adulto em pronto socorro/serviço de emergência especializado. Método: revisão integrativa cuja amostra de oito artigos foi selecionada nas bases CINAHL, SCOPUS, BIREME e no portal PubMed. Resultados: Quatro estudos (50%) foram retrospectivos, 87,5% publicados em língua inglesa, 87,5% por médicos, 37,5% indicando os profissionais componentes da equipe multiprofissional. Verificou-se que a atuação multiprofissional incrementa o fluxo de atendimento, minimiza atrasos na avaliação, permite iniciar precocemente medidas terapêuticas e favorece os melhores resultados em diferentes fases do tratamento oncológico. Conclusão: O estudo conferiu visibilidade à atuação da equipe multiprofissional visando o atendimento eficiente de pacientes oncológicos em pronto socorro/serviço de emergência especializado. Indicou as melhorias necessárias em investigações futuras, especialmente quanto ao detalhamento do método adotado, explicitação das categorias profissionais integrantes da equipe e sua forma de atuação colaborativa e complementar.
Sintomas depressivos em puérperas e fatores associados
Authors: Costa Elisiany Mello , Tsunechiro Maria Alice , Lima Marlise de Oliveira Pimentel , Bonadio Isabel Cristina
Published: October 2024

Objetivos: Identificar a frequência e os fatores associados à ocorrência de sintomas depressivos em puérperas. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 302 mulheres residentes em Lavras, MG, utilizando a Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale aplicada no período entre a 6ª e 8ª semanas pós-parto. A associação entre as variáveis foi analisada por Qui-quadrado e regressão logística. Resultados: Observou-se que 11,9% das puérperas apresentaram sintomas depressivos. Mulheres de cor parda e preta tiveram 3,86 e 6,92 mais chances, respectivamente, de apresentarem sintomas depressivos. As fumantes e as que sofreram violência antes da gestação tiveram 3,43 e 25,02 mais chances, respectivamente, de manifestar sintomas depressivos. Ter parceiro fixo reduziu em 77% a sintomatologia depressiva; ter tido dois partos e amamentação ofereceu, para cada condição, diminuição de risco de 83%. Conclusão: A frequência de sintomas depressivos encontrada está dentro dos limites dos estudos nacionais. Deve-se destinar atenção especial às mulheres pretas/pardas, fumantes e que sofreram violência.
Calprotectin as a marker of disease activity in spondyloarthritis
Authors: Florica Ioana Tereza , Harney Sinead
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Spondyloarthritis is a group of arthritic diseases that classically manifest as inflammation of the sacroiliac and limb joints, as well as the axial skeleton. Microscopic bowel inflammation is identifiable in over 50% of these patients. Calprotectin measured in the serum and stool is an emerging surrogate marker of disease activity and/or bowel inflammation in spondyloarthritis.
Objective: This article aims to review published literature to determine the accuracy of serum and faecal calprotectin levels for use in monitoring bowel inflammation and spondyloarthritis disease activity.
Methods: Boolean operator strategy was used to search two databases (Embase and PubMed) and 52 relevant articles were identified. Duplicate results were eliminated, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. 
Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were summarized and analyzed. The EBL Validity questionnaire was applied to determine study quality. All research articles found calprotectin to be elevated in spondyloarthritis patients when compared to controls. Faecal calprotectin was superior in detecting disease activity and correlated with disease activity questionnaires, radiology and endoscopy results. Only one study assessed the effect of treatment on calprotectin and its correlation to bowel inflammation.
Conclusion: Faecal calprotectin shows promise as a surrogate marker for disease activity and bowel inflammation in spondyloarthritis. Future studies should focus on the effect of treatment on faecal calprotectin and whether some treatments are better at preventing the progression of bowel inflammation in addition to treating spondyloarthritis. Supplementary investigations are needed to identify whether faecal calprotectin is useful as a marker of disease activity in response to treatment.
Do doctors have a duty to treat during a pandemic?
Authors: Kaskun Oleksandra
Published: October 2024

Medicine is a humanitarian profession and as stated in the Oath, doctors have a duty to help the sick. However, is this duty absolute? Can physicians refuse to treat patients? Even when there is significant risk to their own health? How about their duty as a spouse, parent or family member? These questions emerge during a health emergency and have been debated during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Trends in blood pressure: following subarachnoid haemorrhage and preceding cerebral vasospasm
Authors: Abdulghani Binabdi Ali
Published: October 2024

Background
Trends in Blood Pressure (BP) following Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH) have been reported in literature since 1982. Recent studies suggest a correlation to the incidence of Cerebral Vasospasm. This renders BP a candidate for possible early detection of Vasospasm. However, conflicting results regarding the nature and numerical of this correlation exist.
Objectives
To determine trends in BP following SAH in terms of Systolic (SBP), Diastolic (DBP) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) and collaborate current literature evidence of their association to Cerebral Vasospasm.
Methods
Two databases (EBSCO Medline and PubMed) systematically reviewed using specified search criteria. Thirteen studies were portrayed, of which ten were accessible. Thorough critical appraisal of each paper was then manually performed using the CASP Cohort study checklist.
Results
A consistent pattern of change is seen through time in majority of studies with differences in the definite values of the BP variables. Collation of results showed a gradual rise in SBP followed by a plateau of 154.08 (±10.79) mmHg on days 4-8 post-SAH. Variations exist with regards to the association with Cerebral Vasospasm: a third of the studies depicted a significant steeper rise in SBP in Vasospasm patients, another third conversely reported sudden drops in SBP, and one study concluded that MAP has no significant relation to Vasospasm.
Conclusion
A biphasic trend is expected following SAH with an initial gradual rise followed by a sustained hypertensive plateau. Considerable conflict exists in the nature of association between BP and Vasospasm. Further analysis of such beneficial predictive potential is recommended for advancement in Vasospasm and Neuro-Cardiogenic care.
Efficacy of the informed consent process for surgical procedures: a review of the literature
Authors: Beshara Julie
Published: October 2024

Background: Informed consent is a communication process between a patient and their healthcare team to acquire a patient’s approval to undergo a medical intervention. It is essential to the delivery of legal, safe, and patient-centred health care. Despite this, it is often inadequately implemented in clinical practice which frequently contributes to patients having little understanding and can lead to unfavourable outcomes. Furthermore, interventions to improve the consent process are not well recognized. Ultimately, the evaluation of these factors in this review will be of relevance in improving patient-centred care.
Objectives: Explore degree of understanding and retention of information amongst surgical patients during the informed consent process, identify outcomes of obtaining inadequate informed consent, and evaluate interventions that improve comprehension of surgical treatment.
Methods: The first electronic search was conducted through EBSCOhost to identify relevant literature on MEDLINE, Academic Search Complete, and CINAHL Plus. A second search was completed through PubMed. Exclusion and inclusion filters were applied, and duplicates removed, which yielded 200 articles. Title/Abstract screening yielded 15 articles which have then undergone full text review to assess for eligibility. This generated the 10 articles used in this review.
Results: Surgical patients have poor comprehension with regards to the benefits, risks, and alternatives of their procedure. Although most patients receive some information about their procedure, this was not suited to their personal goals and needs. Surgical patients also greatly benefited from interventions that were assessed to increase patient understanding and improve the informed consent process.
Conclusion: Informed consent is poorly delivered based on the analysis of patient understanding and outcomes. Further research on interventions to improve these elements are recommended as previous studies show notable improvement.
Reviewing the effect of creative arts therapy on the development of cognitive and social skills in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Brannen Sydney , Pando-Kelly Jackelina
Published: October 2024

Creative art therapy has been utilized for many years as a treatment regimen for certain mental disorders. Overall, results of studies on creative art therapy show a positive trend, with general improvements in mental health and reduction of neurological symptoms in the majority of cases. The results regarding the effectiveness of creative art therapies in treating autism spectrum disorder are unclear and varied, due to the range of symptoms involved in autism spectrum disorder, the effect of age on therapy, and the variety of creative art therapies available for use. Of all the creative art therapies chosen to review, music was the most investigated. The studies performed on music therapy showed positive results, however, a large-scale randomized controlled trial refuted the positive benefits, leading to an inconclusive overall result on the effectiveness of music therapy. Research on the benefits of creative art therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder is inconclusive. Studies generally demonstrate a positive effect on many different types of creative art therapies. However, these studies have major limitations in generalizability due to small sample sizes and their descriptive nature. Future research should focus on developing randomized controlled trial protocols that can be used on a larger scale to generate more definitive results on the benefits, or lack thereof, of creative art therapies. Research should also be performed on the effect of adolescence on creative art therapies, and whether targeting it at younger children with autism spectrum disorder would be more or less beneficial than targeting it towards adolescents.
Provision of Surgical Care to Victims of the Use of Traumatic Weapons in the Arctic Zone of the Arkhangelsk Region
Authors:   Northern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation, Barachevskiy Yu.E. , Yasheva S.Yu. ,   Northern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation, Baranov A.V. ,   Northern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation,   Syktyvkar State Federal University named after Pitirim Sorokin, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation, Maslyakov V.V. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I.Razumovskiy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saratov, Russian Federation, Mordovskiy E.A. ,   Northern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Summary. The aim of the study was to estimate the surgical care provided to the victims of traumatic weapons in the Arctic zone of the Arkhangelsk region. Materials and methods of research. We conducted a document-based statistical study using the records from 248 case histories (statistical form # 003/u) filled in for the victims of traumatic weapons, who received medical care in medical facilities of Arkhangelsk and Severodvinsk cities, located the Arctic Zone of Russia in 2005-2022. The research methods are analytical and mathematical-statistical. Categorical variables presented as percentages and frequencies were used for the analysis. The values of all relative quantities were calculated using the WinPepi program. The severity of the injuries was assessed using the VPKh-P(OR) scale, developed under the supervision of Major General of the Medical Service, Professor E.K.Gumanenko (1990) at the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy. The results of the study and their analysis. Every third victim of limited-damage firearms in the Arctic zone of the Arkhangelsk region required inpatient surgical care with the involvement of surgeons of various specialties. In case of multiple and combined wounds, it was necessary to involve two or more surgeons of various profiles. In case of minor wounds from limited-damage firearms during primary surgical treatment, the severity of the wound is underestimated by surgeons and, as a result, the bullet is not initially detected and remains in the wound, which, in turn, complicates the condition of the victim and requires repeated surgical intervention. In 39% of cases of wounds from limited-damage firearms to the head, every fifth case (21.9%) of wounds to the chest, every tenth case of wounds to the abdomen – specialized surgical care is required, the availability of which in the Arctic zone can be very problematic.
Preclinical Testing of Domestic Devices Used in out-of-Hospital Circular Arrest
Authors:   First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after acad. I.P. Pavlova, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Teplov V.M. , Prasol D.M. ,   First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after acad. I.P. Pavlova, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Romanova E.A. ,   First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after acad. I.P. Pavlova, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Filipenko K.V. ,   Central Research and Development Institute of Robotics and Technical Cybernetics, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kharlamov V.V. ,   Medical Robotics LLC, Vsevolozhsk, Leningrad Region, Russian Federation, Raevskiy A.A. ,   City Ambulance Station, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Summary. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of domestic devices for supporting blood circulation in case of out-of-hospital circulatory arrest during preclinical trials. Research materials and methods. The study assessed the effectiveness of the Russian cardiac massager “CardioRobot” – an automated device for performing indirect cardiac massage of domestic design. This device has the following technical characteristics: piston type design; compression depth – (50-60±2) mm; compression frequency – (102±2) compressions/min; 2 operating modes – continuous and 30:2; weight – 6.5 kg; continuous battery life – 45 min; trapezoidal compression curve. To evaluate the device, a comparative experiment was conducted on large mammals (pigs), during which the work of the domestic prototype and the foreign device “LUCAS-2” was compared by comparing the indicators of central hemodynamics and gas exchange. During the clinical trials of LifeStream ECMO, postmortem extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) of two donors was performed. During the experiment, the following were assessed: pO2, pH, pCO2, arterial blood lactate and creatinine concentrations. Research results and their analysis. During preclinical trials, domestically produced devices demonstrated experimental effectiveness comparable to similar foreign-made products. Currently, the LIFESTREAM ECMO perfusion emergency circulatory restoration complex for human resuscitation has received a certificate and is actively used in the Russian Federation, and the CardioRobot automated chest compression device is undergoing state registration.
Processo de aquisição do conhecimento na gestão de enfermeiros em organizações hospitalares
Authors: Arcanjo Oliveira Cordeiro Ana Lúcia , Oliveira Silva Rosana Maria de , Dumêt Fernandes Josicélia , Reis da Silva Gilberto Tadeu
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo analisou como o processo de aquisição do conhecimento é gerenciado por enfermeiros em organizações hospitalares. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa realizada em seis hospitais públicos do estado da Bahia de julho a setembro 2022. Dados coletados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 gestore de enfermagem foram analisados segundo análise de conteúdo e o modelo de capacidade absortiva. Os resultados demonstraram que a aquisição do conhecimento ocorre mediante a utilização de fontes de informação e saberes intra e extraorganizacionais, como informações documentais e não documentais, interação com colegas e profissionais com expertise e nos programas de capacitação dentro e fora das organizações. Concluiu-se que as fontes de informação documentais e não documentais internas e externas à organização são determinantes para o processo de aquisição do conhecimento na prática profissional da enfermagem, com etapas e componentes que favorecem a efetividade desse processo quando estrategicamente conduzido e planejado por enfermeiros gestores.
The need for health literacy in the 21st century
Authors: Pérez Gutiérrez Alejandro , Pino Juste Margarita
Published: October 2024

Health literacy is the ability of individuals to understand, evaluate and use health information effectively in their daily lives and should not be reduced to the simple ability to read or write about health-related topics. With appropriate health literacy, citizens will gain greater autonomy in their self-care, improve their quality of life and make better use of health services, thereby reducing health service overload, inequalities and costs. To increase health literacy, it is necessary to identify the specific health needs of today's society and to implement educational programmes that include content and pedagogical methods that address these needs. Addressing these needs requires a diagnostic analysis embedded in each culture and continuous re-evaluation of the scope and effectiveness of the programmes implemented from an interdisciplinary perspective. Currently, most community and school-based programmes are based on disease prevention and maintaining good sexual and environmental health. Since the pandemic, there has also been an increase in programmes to achieve and maintain good mental health, combined with the use of various applications to prevent anxiety and depression.  However, there is still a large gap in the evaluation of the impact and effectiveness of these programmes. In general, most of these programmes need to be adapted to the digital age and have a comprehensive and holistic design and purpose. In conclusion, we believe that health literacy is essential in the 21st century and that it must be based on the promotion of healthy habits and behaviours as well as an understanding of one's own health.
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL “LEGAL REGULATION OF THE EXECUTION AND SERVING OF CRIMINAL PENALTIES”: CREATION, DEVELOPMENT, PROSPECTS
Authors: Davydova Irina
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the creation and development of the scientific school “Legal regulation of the execution and serving of criminal penalties”, functioning at the penal law and the organization of educational work with convicts department. Considerable attention is paid to the founder of the scientific school, Doctor of Law, Professor M. P. Melentyev. The individual scientific directions developing within the framework of the scientific school in modern conditions are revealed, attention is focused on promising areas of development of the scientific school.
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL “CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL, CRIMINALISTIC AND OPERATIONAL INVESTIGATIVE ASPECTS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF INSTITUTIONS AND BODIES OF THE PENAL ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM”
Authors: LESOVAYA NATAL'YA NIKOLAEVNA
Published: October 2024

The article examines the history of the formation and development of criminal procedure, criminalistic and operational investigative science at the Academy of the FPS of Russia. The functioning of a scientific school is of great importance for improving the effectiveness of the educational process, scientific potential and the status of an educational institution. Consolidation of scientists to jointly solve urgent problems of the penal system, contributes to increasing the scientific activity of the teaching staff, adjuncts, cadets, and ensures the objectivity of the results obtained in the course of research. Thanks to the consistent scientific activity of the departments of criminal procedure and criminalistics and operational investigative activities, a scientific school was established. The authors come to the conclusion about the relevance of the research conducted under the direct supervision of the founders of the scientific school. Their students, who have successfully defended their PhD and doctoral dissertations, continue their active scientific activities, developing the advanced ideas of their mentors.
A felzárkózás kudarca. 1. rész : A magyarországi egészségügyi közkiadások trendjei nemzetközi összehasonlításban
Authors: Orosz Éva
Published: October 2024

A magyar egészségügy nap mint nap tapasztalható válságjelenségei mögött két hosszabb távú trend húzódik meg: a felzárkózásnak és az egészségügyi rendszer reformjának a kudarca. A két részbôl álló tanulmány csak az elsô folyamattal foglalkozik: bemutatja, hogy Magyarország az egészségügyi kiadások és az egészségi állapot számos alapvetô indikátorát tekintve leszakadó pályára sodródott nemcsak a fejlett EU-országokhoz, hanem a többi visegrádi országhoz képest is. 1992-ben még nálunk volt a legmagasabb az egy fôre jutó egészségügyi közkiadások értéke a visegrádi országokban: 24%-kal meghaladta a csehországit, 2019-ben pedig annak már csak az 52%-át érte el; a lengyelországinak 1992-ben közel a kétszeresét tette ki, 2019-ben pedig már a lengyel kiadások 11%-kal meghaladták a magyar értéket. 2019-ben Szlovákiában 19%-kal volt magasabb az egy fôre jutó közkiadás értéke, mint nálunk. A tanulmány különválasztva elemzi az 1990-es évek eleje és a 2010-es évek vége közötti hosszabb távú trendeket és a Covid-19 által befolyásolt idôszakot. Ez a rész az egészségügyi közkiadások trendjeit, a második rész pedig az egészségi állapot két alapvetô indikátorának, a várható élettartamnak és az elkerülhetô halálozásnak a trendjeit elemzi. Továbbá a második rész foglalja össze a tanulmány egészének a következtetéseit is.
Determination of the Conformational Composition of Ethylene Glycol by RAS Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations
Authors: Novikov V.
Published: October 2024

The objectives of the study of ethylene glycol (EG) are to determine the Raman lines of glycols that can be used to analyze the conformational and isomeric composition of molecules, as well as to assess the conformational composition of glycol molecules. Based on the calculations, it was found that the Raman lines in the region of about 800 cm−1are indicators of the presence of EG molecules in conformations of the xGyor xG'y type, where x and y can be t, g or g'. In the experimental Raman spectra of liquid EG, this line is highly intense, therefore, molecules in the indicated conformations are present in large quantities in liquid EG. This result is also confirmed by the obtained contents of EG molecules in various conformations based on calculations. In order to describe the 2600-4000 cm−1 region of the Raman spectra of glycols, it is necessary to take into account intermolecular interactions.
Determination of Conformational Composition of Polyethylene Glycols by Raman Scattering and Quantum-chemical Calculations
Authors: Kozlova L. , Novikov V.
Published: October 2024

This work is devoted to determining the conformational composition of a polyethyleneglycol sample with a molecular weight of 400 Da. For this purpose, experimental measurements of Raman spectra were performed, as well as quantum-chemical calculations of spectral lines in the non-proprietary Priroda software for PEG molecules with 9 monomer units of EG, which corresponds to the experimental sample in molecular weight. The calculated data for the 7/2 helical conformation showed a good agreement with the experiment.
Conformational Composition of Ethylene Glycol in Aqueous Solutions and on Metal Substrates
Authors: Kuzmin V.
Published: October 2024

In this work, we studied the Raman spectra of ethylene glycol (EG) and its aqueous solutions, as well as the spectra of ethylene glycol solutions deposited on a metal substrate prepared by laser ablation. Scattering was excited by laser radiation with wavelengths of 532 nm and 785 nm. It was found that the Raman spectra of EG are similar to the spectra of aqueous solutions of EG and to the spectra of EG solutions on a metal substrate, which may indicate the stability of the conformational composition of EG upon dissolution and drying on a structured metal substrate.
Raman Analysis of Polyvinyl Chloride Degraded under Different Temperature Conditions
Authors: Kuznetsov S.
Published: October 2024

In this work, the Raman spectroscopy method was used to study changes in the composition of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) during its degradation. Traditionally, such changes are analyzed optically due to the fact that during degradation, polyene sequences of different lengths are formed in the PVC structure, which change many properties of the material, including optical ones. The Raman spectroscopy method chosen in this work is characterized by high accuracy and speed of analysis, as well as the ability to diagnose the presence of polyenes in extremely low concentrations. Undegraded PVC films and films degraded in various temperature regimes are used as study samples. It is shown that the Raman spectra of the samples can be used to analyze both the length of the formed polyenes and their length distribution. It is found that the length distribution of polyenes depends on the conditions of thermal degradation of the samples.
Features of Definitions of Modern Terminology of Ecological and Economic Processes
Authors: Stremousova E.
Published: October 2024

The article considers approaches to definitions of terms used to analyze the impact of production and human activity on the environment. Understanding the essence of the term allows you to correctly assess and build actions to manage processes affecting environmental violations. The purpose of the article is to define a category reflecting the integration of economic and environmental goals of human activity. Definitions of the most common ecological and economic terms are considered. The author's approach to the definition of the term environmental friendliness of production is proposed and its significance is substantiated.
Physiological Characteristics Study of Normalization of Carbohydrates in Food Rations
Authors: Seyidova L. , Bakhshaliyeva A.
Published: October 2024

Carbohydrates are organic substances with high energy, enter the body with food and satisfy the various needs of the human body. They enter the body mainly with plant products and are the most important source of energy. Approximately half (56-58%) of the energy needed by the body is provided by carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Here, the relationship between hydrogen and oxygen is the same as in water molecules. That is why they are called carbohydrates. During physical labor, the need for carbohydrates increases. They are also involved in plastic forming processes. Carbohydrates increase the amount of glucose in the blood and increase the amount of glycogen in the liver and muscles, being included in the composition of cells and tissues. Glucose is converted into reserve carbohydrates — glycogen, which is an energy reserve that serves to maintain the level of sugar in the blood at a normal level and ensures the stable functioning of all organ systems.
Increasing the Efficiency of Thermoelectric Conversion of Solar Energy
Authors: Ismanov Y. , Dzhamankyzov N. , Tynyshova T. , Kainazarov A.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the latest achievements in the field of thermionic conversion of solar energy. The key aspects of thermionic emission, the problems of reducing the electrode work function and increasing the efficiency of devices are analyzed. It is shown that diamonds doped with phosphorus can be an attractive material for the purposes of thermionic emission. In this case, the presence of donor states can significantly narrow the space charge region, and at the same time reduce the potential barrier in the work function. The studies also found that the most successful and widely used method for overcoming the space charge effect is filling the interelectrode gap with cesium. The efficiency of thermionic conversion devices for solar energy increases by 1.6 times. Particular attention is paid to the use of new materials, such as nanostructures and carbon nanotubes, as well as promising technologies, such as photonic enhancement of thermionic processes. The analysis of the results showed that the photonic enhancement of the electron yield due to illumination is greater in p-type silicon, as predicted by theoretical models. The thermionic current increases by 1.7 times compared to silicon. The distance between the quasi-Fermi level and the Fermi level in n-type silicon is less than this distance in p-type silicon. As a consequence, the number of electrons in the conduction band is smaller. Methods for combating the space charge effect and optimizing the configuration of energy conversion systems are discussed.
Modern Possibilities for Reconstruction of Nerves of the Head and Neck
Authors: Rumyantseva E. , Yarikov A. , Baitinger A. , Baitinger V. , Selyaninov K. , Tuturov A. , Kornakova O. , Butrimova S. , Kim E. , Perlmutter O. , Fraerman A. , Tsybusov S. , Garcia A. , Kogotkova E.
Published: October 2024

The main etiological factors of nerve damage to the head and neck include injuries, oncological diseases, iatrogenic injuries during surgical interventions. An important task of treatment is to restore the lost function of the nervous head and neck, the functions of which certainly determine the quality of life of the patient. The article presents modern methods of nerve reconstruction of the head and neck. The methods of reconstructive surgery of the facial, trigeminal, inferior alveolar, lingual, recurrent laryngeal nerves are described. This article also describes the types of rehabilitation after reconstructive operations on the nerves of the head and neck using pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods such as botulinum therapy, neuromuscular retraining, taping, post-isometric relaxation, acupuncture, phonophoresis, gymnastics.
Epidemic Situation in Osh, Kyrgyz Republic on Infections Controlled by Specific Prevention Means and Analysis of Population Awareness on Measles Infection
Authors: Temirova V. , Karataeva U. , Temirov N. , Zholdoshev S.
Published: October 2024

The article reflects a long-term (2009-2023) retrospective epidemiological analysis of measles incidence among the population in Osh, characterized by a periodic increase in incidence every two to three years and a decline after the adopted response measures to outbreaks, such as additional mass immunization of vulnerable groups of the population. However, the increase in measles incidence that began in 2018 continued for three years (2018-2020). Also, the increase in measles incidence, which began in the spring-summer period in 2023, despite the organization of preventive and anti-epidemic measures, continues in 2024, starting from the winter-spring period. This study revealed low vaccination coverage of children in the period from 2019 to 2023 at the level of 85.0-95.0%, which is associated with various reasons (underage, medical exemptions, parental refusal to vaccinate, population migration and unknown vaccination status, etc.).
Modern Aspects of Closed and Open Rhinoplasty (Literature Review)
Authors: Toktogulov A. , Tilekov E. , Tukeshov S.
Published: October 2024

Open and closed rhinoplasty are two primary approaches to nasal modification. According to the current literature, there is no consensus among plastic surgeons and otolaryngologists regarding the preferred method in terms of aesthetic outcomes, complications, and patient satisfaction. This review aims to analyze published scientific materials to determine whether open or closed rhinoplasty leads to more favorable patient outcomes. For this systematic review, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and conducted a literature search across four databases according to our search strategy. The articles were then imported into COVIDENCE, where they underwent primary screening and full-text review. A total of twenty studies were selected for this review after analyzing 243 articles. Among them, there were four case series, twelve retrospective cohort studies, one prospective cohort study, one case-control study, and two outcome studies. The analysis included three cosmetic studies, eight functional studies, and nine studies that addressed both cosmetic and functional components. Sixteen studies used both open and closed rhinoplasty techniques, while four focused exclusively on open rhinoplasty. Both methods demonstrated high satisfaction rates among patients and professionals, with no significant advantage found for either technique. Based on the available studies, we cannot conclude the superiority of either open or closed rhinoplasty in achieving better patient outcomes. Several studies indicated that both open and closed rhinoplasty resulted in comparable levels of patient satisfaction. To enhance the reliability and consistency of outcome reporting, authors should focus on using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale and other standardized rhinoplasty outcome assessments.
Telemedicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology in the Kyrgyz Republic (Literature Review)
Authors: Dozaliev A. , Alymkulov A. , Atykanov A.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to conduct a systematic review of the literature on telemedicine in obstetrics and gynecology, assessing its advantages and potential application in the Kyrgyz Republic. Telemedicine expands access to healthcare, especially for women in remote areas. The article highlights key areas, such as remote pregnancy monitoring, chronic disease management, and reproductive care. The possibilities of integrating telemedicine technologies into the healthcare system of the Kyrgyz Republic and ways to overcome infrastructural and cultural barriers are discussed.
Work Experience of Medosmotr39 LLC in Organizing and Conducting Medical Support for the Floating Staff of the Fishing and Scientific Fleet in the Subject of the Russian Federation
Authors: Shostak D. , Gura A. , Shostak P. , Kost M.
Published: October 2024

There is a problem in the country of comprehensive and competent pre-voyage medical examination of seafarers. Since the implementation of Federal Law no. 326 dated 11/29/2010 On Compulsory medical insurance in the Russian Federation, the issues of compulsory medical insurance in the field of marine medicine have not been resolved. Crew members with chronic diseases are sent on the flight without prior medical examinations. There is no medical worker on the ships, a member of the crew is responsible for the medical part without a license to provide medical care, who does not have the right to provide it, which in turn led to an increase in morbidity and deaths on the voyage. There is no single standardized form of laying first-aid kits on ships, which also affects the health of the crew. This situation prompted the medical organization Medical Examinations 39 to open a Marine Medicine Department at its base, which significantly improved the situation in the region. We also propose to legislate the issue of a single form of packing first-aid kits on flights, the composition of which will depend on the time of year, natural and social conditions of the area to which the sailors will go.
Studying the Transmission of Height Traits in Second Generation Reciprocal Wheat Hybrids
Authors: Yusifova G.
Published: October 2024

The presented article presents the results of a study of height inheritance in reciprocal hybrid combinations of the second generation (F2) of common wheat. The research was carried out in the 2020–2021 growing season at the experimental site of the experimental base at the Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture of Azerbaijan under irrigation conditions. In the year of research, the heights of 9 local varieties (Azeri, Gobustan, Fatima, Gyrmyzy gul-1, Murov-2, Askeran, Matin, Onur and Mirbashir-128) of soft wheat were studied, which were used as the parent form and 32 reciprocal combinations of the second generation. The degree and frequency of transgression was determined. During the growing season, agrotechnical work was carried out in accordance with the accepted methodology. In terms of height, the studied samples belonged to semi-dwarf (51.0-80.0 cm) and medium-sized (81.0-110.0 cm) varieties and combinations. Plant height in parental forms ranged from 70.0-97.0 cm. In hybrid combinations, plant height ranged from 60.0-95.0 cm. 71.9% of combinations (23 pcs.) were semi-dwarf and 28.1% combinations (9 pcs.) an average increase was observed. Transgressive variability in plant height was calculated using the method of G. S. Voskresensky and V. I. Spot. According to the results of the study, negative transgression was observed in hybrid combinations of the second generation (F2), which were characterized by low dominance and heterosis in the first generation (F1). As a result of the study, it can be concluded that short-growing hybrids can be obtained by involving varieties of the same height in hybridization, and taller forms can be obtained by using short-growing varieties in hybridization. The reciprocal hybrids Askeran × Gobustan and Askeran × Murov-2 showed a negative level of transgression when using the Askeran variety as the maternal form.