bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIT1 is differentially expressed in the lymph nodes of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the signaling threshold-regulating transmembrane adapter 1, SIT1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that SIT1 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. SIT1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SIT1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival, in lymph node negative patients but not in lymph node positive patients. Modulation of SIT1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
TAF11 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 11, encoded by TAF11, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. TAF11 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of TAF11 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of TAF11 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Pemberian Skor Dan Sistem Penilaian Dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Nurjannah  , Syahputra Abil Toriq , Arsyam Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Pemberian skor dan sistem penilaian merupakan proses yang penting dalam pendidikan, terutama di indonesia, karna dari hasil pemberian skor dan sistem penilaian itu akan terukur kompetensi, perilaku belajar, danhasil belajar peserta didik dalam periode waktu tertentu sebagai dasar pertimbangan dan mengetahui kinerja peserta didik. Artikel ini menjelaskan dengan gamblang dan terperinci mengenai pemberian skor dan sistem penilaian dalam pendidikan.
I’jazul Qur’an
Authors: Dea
Published: February 2021

kekuatan atau keistimewaan yang dimiliki al-Qur’an menetapkan kelemahan manusia baik secara terpisah-pisah maupun berkelompok, untuk bisa mendatangkan sesuatu yang serupa, hal ini menunjukkan atas kebenaran Rasulullah dalam mengembangkan misi dakwahnya.
A Transcriptomically Guided Computational Quantification of the SRR8671434 RNA Sequence
Authors: Bhansali Rohan
Published: February 2021

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a single strand nucleic acid responsible for genetic coding, decoding, regulation, and expression that consists of phosphate and ribose groups with several purposeful variants, notably messenger, transfer, and ribosomal RNA. RNA sequencing is a next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique capable of continuously analyzing cellular transcriptome and revealing the presence and quantity of RNA within a biological sample. The process entails reverse transcribing the extracted RNA into cDNA; subsequently, the cDNA is fragmented, enabling its input into an NGS workflow, after which adapters are added to both ends of the fragments. RNA sequencing is an expensive and time-consuming process due to its necessitation of an entire genomic library that is often difficult to analyze through traditional methods; however, applying computational methods can overcome these challenges through cutting edge data mining and informatics technologies. In this study, the SRR8671434 RNA sequence is quantified and analyzed for its ability to serve as an indicator for congenital afflictions. The findings in this paper can be applied towards preventing and curing associated diseases, as well as discerning other potential biomarkers within genetic materials.
BANDING
Authors: Gusmawati Ila
Published: February 2021

Dari seluruh uraian diatas, maka dapat diambil kesimpulan sebagai berikut:1. Banding merupakan upaya hukum biasa yang pertama terhadappenetapan atau putusan pengadilan tingkat pertama untuk di ajukanatau dimohonkan pemeriksaan ulangan dipengadilan tingkatbanding. Pemeriksaan perkara dalam pengadilan tingkat bandingadalah pemeriksaan ulang secara keseluruhan.2. Adapun dasar hukum tentang banding adalah UU No 4/2004tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang Pokok Kekuasaan dan UUNo 20/1947 tentang Peradilan Ulangan. Permohonan banding harusdiajukan kepada panitera Pengadilan Negeri yang menjatuhkanputusan (pasal 7 UU No 20/1947).3. Adapun wewenang dari pengadilan tingkat banding adalah sebagaiberikut:a. Menjadi Seluruh Pemeriksaan dan Putusan Pengadilan TingkatPertamab. Berwenang Meninjau Segala Segi Pemeriksaan dan Putusanc. Memeriksa Ulang Perkara Secara Keseluruhan4. Putusan Yang Dapat Dan Tidak Dapat Dibandinga. Putusan pengadilan tingkat pertama yang dapat dibandingPutusan semua prinsip semua putusan akhir pengadilan dapat diajukan permintaan banding, akan tetapi pada prinsip ini adapengecualian dan pengecualian itu di tegaskan dalam pasal 67.b. Putusan pengadilan tingkat pertama yang tak dapat dibandinga. Putusan bebas atau vrijspraakb. Putusan lepas dari segala tuntutan hukum atau putusanOnslag van rechts vervolgingc. Putusan acara cepat5. Tata Cara Penolakan Dan Penerimaan BandingTerhadap permintaan banding yang tidak memenuhi syarat,panitera “dilarang” menerimanya. Ini di tegaskan dalam penjelasanPasal 233 ayat (2). Sedang terhadap permintaan banding yangmemenuhi persyaratan, panitera harus menerima dan melayani.6. Putusan pada Tingkat Banding dapat berupaa. Menguatkan Putusan Pengadilan Negerib. Mengubah atau Memperbaiki Amar Putusan Pengadilan Negeric. Membatalkan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri
ASAS-ASAS BERACARA DI PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGAR
Authors: Dayanti Anisa Putri
Published: February 2021

Dengan dipaparkannya beberapa asas dalam melakukan peradilan tata usahan negara diharapkan dapat menjamin hak hak warga negara indonesia sebagai pihak yang akan melakukan acara dalam peradilan tata usaha negara. Dan dengan di jelaskannya asas asas dalam beracara peradilan tata usaha negara diharapkan tuntutan akan kewajiban pelaksana dan pihak pihak terkait dalam peradilan tata usaha negara dapat terkawal dengan ketat.Sebagai bagian materi kuliah hukum peradilan tata usaha negara dapat menjadi bagian materi yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh akademisi sebagai bahan tambahan untuk menjadi referensi tambahan.Dengan dipaparkannya materi diatas diharapkan bermanfaat untuk pembaca dan terlebih kepada penulis sendiri sebagai bagian dari masyarakat hukum yang bernaung di bawah pancasila dan peraturan dibawahnya.
Konsep dan Urgensi Pancasila dalam Arus Sejarah Bangsa Indonesia (Periode Pengesahan Pancasila) (Ali Normansyah_20220038_Manajemen2)
Authors: Normansyah Ali
Published: January 2021

Pancasila sebagai dasar negara republik indonesia sebelum di sahkan pada tanggal 18 Agustus 1945 oleh PPKI, nilai-nilainya telah ada pada bangsa indonesia sejak zaman dahulu kala sebelum bangsa indonesia mendirikan negara,yang berupa nilai-nilai adat istiadat, kebudayaan serta nilai-nilai religius.Nilai-nilai tersebut telah ada dan melekat serta teramalkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sebagai pandangan hidup, sehingga materi Pancasila yang berupa nilaii-nilai tersebut tidak lain adalah dari bangsa indonesia sendiri, sehingga bangsa indonesia sebagai kausa materialis Pancasila. Nilai-nilai tersebut kemudian diangkat dan dirumuskansecara formaloleh para pendiri negara untuk dijadikan sebagai dasar filsafat negara indonesia. Proses perumusan materi Pancasila secara formal tersebut dilakukan dalam sidangsidang BPUPKI pertama, sidang panitia “9”, sidang BPUPKI kedua, serta akhirnya disyahkan secara yuridis sebagai dasar filsafat negara republik indonesia.
Tiến sĩ Vương Quân Hoàng tác giả chương sách đại diện cho nền kinh tế và tài chính Việt Nam
Authors: AISDL
Published: January 2021

Tháng 01/2019, TS. Vương Quân Hoàng – Giám đốc Trung tâm nghiên cứu khoa học xã hội liên ngành (ISR), Trường Đại học PHENIKAA, đã công bố chương sách đại diện cho nền kinh tế và tài chính Việt Nam, đăng tải trong cuốn “Routledge Handbook of Banking and Finance in Asia” (ISBN: 9781315543222) do một trong những nhà xuất bản uy tín nhất thế giới về khoa học xã hội Routledge (Taylor & Francis) và Ngân hàng Phát triển Châu Á (ADB) cùng phát hành.
TEORI TEORI YANG MEMBERI DASAR HUKUM BAGI KEKUASAAN NEGARA
Authors: NOVITA FANI
Published: February 2021

1. Teori Teokrasi (Theocratische Theorie).Teori Teokrasi dibagi atas dua bagian, yaitu :Teori Teokrasi Langsung. Istilah langsung menunjukkan bahwa yang berkuasa di dalam negara itu adalah langsung Tuhan. Adanya negara di dunia ini adalah atas kehendak Tuhan, dan yang memerintah adalah Tuhan. Persoalan ini sebenarnya berpusat pada kepercayaan rakyat terhadap rajanya yang disebut sebagai Tuhan. Rakyat lain yang tidak berkeyakinan seperti itu, tentu akan memberi penilaian yang
makalah banding stevan agestio fakutas Hukum Unes
Authors: agestio stevan
Published: February 2021

Banding merupakan suatu proses tindakan hukum yang dapat ditempuh oleh salah satu atau kedua belah pihak yang berperkara terhadap suatu putusan Pengadilan Negeri. Hal itu berarti bahwa upaya banding harus memenuhi kaidah hukum yang berlaku hukum pajak baik kaidah formal maupun kaidah material. Disini tersirat pula, bahwa banding hanya dapat diajukan oleh pihak yang berperkara dan tidak dapat diwakilkan, kecuali dengan menunjuk Kuasa Hukum (yang memenuhi kriteria undang-undang) dengan Surat Kuasa Khusus. Kedua, upaya banding hanya dapat dilakukan atas suatu keputusan yang dapat diajukan banding
FGF7 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that fibroblast growth factor 7, encoded by FGF7, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. FGF7 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of FGF7 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of FGF7 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.
HAKMEMPEROLEHBANTUANHUKUMDIPENGADILANTATA USAHANEGARA
Authors: lubakisar Yacha aulia rusdi
Published: February 2021

Latarbelakang:Indonesiaadalahsalahsatunegarayangmenjunjungtinggikedaulatanhukum,sehinggajelasIndonesiadisebutsebagainegarahukum.Sebagainegarahukum,berartidinegarakitahukumlahyangmempunyaiartipentingterutamadalamsemuaaspekkehidupanbermasyarakat.Tujuan:untukmelaporkanhakmemperolehbantuanhukum dipengadilantatausahaMetode:ulasaniniberfoluspadahukum tatausahadalam memperolehbantuanhukumdipengadilanHasil:didapatkanbahwahakmemperolehpengadilantatausahanegaraberperanpentingdalamruanglingkungpengadilandiIndonesia.Kesimpulan:ulasaniniberkontribusipadahakdalam memperolehbantuanhukumpengadilantatausahanegaraKATAKUNCI:hukumtatausaha,pengadilandanbantuan
Sumber Historis Pendidikan Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Negara Oleh Tania Alifa Sukma (20220089)
Authors: Sukma Tania Alifa
Published: January 2021

Sumber Historis Pendidikan Pancasila, Presiden Soekarno pernah mengatakan, ”Jangan sekali-kali meninggalkan sejarah.” Pernyataan tersebut dapat dimaknai bahwa sejarah mempunyai fungsi penting dalam membangun kehidupan bangsa dengan lebih bijaksana di masa depan. Hal tersebut sejalan dengan ungkapan seorang filsuf Yunani yang bernama Cicero (106-43SM) yang mengungkapkan, “Historia Vitae 28 Magistra”, yang bermakna, “Sejarah memberikan kearifan”. Pengertian lain dari istilah tersebut yang sudah menjadi pendapat umum (common-sense) adalah “Sejarah merupakan guru kehidupan”. Implikasinya, pengayaan materi perkuliahan Pancasila melalui pendekatan historis adalah amat penting dan tidak boleh dianggap remeh guna mewujudkan kejayaan bangsa di kemudian hari. Melalui pendekatan ini, mahasiswa diharapkan dapat mengambil pelajaran atau hikmah dari berbagai peristiwa sejarah, baik sejarah nasional maupun sejarah bangsa-bangsa lain. Dengan pendekatan historis, Anda diharapkan akan memperoleh inspirasi untuk berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan bangsa sesuai dengan program studi masing-masing. Selain itu, Anda juga dapat berperan serta secara aktif dan arif dalam berbagai kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, serta dapat berusaha menghindari perilaku yang bernuansa mengulangi kembali kesalahan sejarah.
Alat-alat perlengkapan negara
Authors: Rahmadilla Avistia
Published: February 2021

Lembaga negara digunakan dengan istilah yang berbeda-beda, misalnya istilah organ negara, badan negara, dan alat perlengkapan negara.Untuk memahami perbedaan keduanya maka lembaga negara tersebut dapat dibedakan menjadi 3 ranah (domain) yakni; 1. Kekuasaan eksekutif atau pelaksanaan 2. Kekuasaan legislative dan fungsi pengawasan 3. Kekuasaan Kehakiman atau fungsi yudisial.1Isharyanto, Hukum Kelembagaan Negara, ( Yogyakarta,Deepublish:2016 )Susunan lembaga-lembaga negara dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia telah dilakukan penyempurnaan sesuai dengan aspirasi rakyat, sehingga mengalamicbeberapa perubahan. Perubahan yang sangat jelas terlihat pada kedudukan MajeliscPermusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR). Sebelum UUD 1945 diamandemen, kedudukan MPR berada lebih tingggi dari lembaga-lembaga tinggi lainnnya.Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia dibagi atas daerah-daerah provinsi, dan daerah provinsi dibagi atas kabupaten dan kota, yang tiap-tiap provinsi, kabupaten,dan kota mempunyai pemerintahan yang diatur dengan undang-undang. Pemerintahan provinsi terdiri atas pemerintah provinsi dan DPRD provinsi. Pemerintah provinsi terdiri atas kepala daerah provinsi yaitu gubernur dan perangkat daerah provinsi. Perangkat daerah provinsi terdiri atas sekretariat daerah, sekretariat DPRD,dinas daerah, lembaga teknis daerah. 1. GubernurGubernur adalah kepala daerah untuk daerah provinsi. Gubernur memilikitugas dan wewenang memimpin penyelenggaraan daerah berdasarkan kebijakan yang ditetapkan bersama DPRD.2. Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Bupati memiliki tugas dan wewenang memimpin penyelenggaraan daerah berdasarkan kebijakan yang ditetapkan bersama DPRD kabupaten
科技“同行评议”引发美国社会《大停滞》？
Authors: YANG Zheng-Ling
Published: January 2021

从美国国家经济研究局（NBER）的GDP、GDI数据可见，从1970年代开始美国确实出现了《大停滞》的明显趋势。美国《大停滞》是有多种根源的。其中一个核心的根源是：“科学技术是第一生产力”，由于科技“同行评议”会阻碍“0到1”的原始创新，进而会延缓社会生产力的发展。生产力发展的延缓，引发了美国的《大停滞》。
Sistem Pemilihan Umum Di Indoesia
Authors: Azani Andre
Published: February 2021

Pemilu merupakan salah satu usaha untuk memengaruhi rakyat secara persuasif (tidak memaksa) dengan melakukan kegiatan retorika, hubungan publik, komunikasi massa, lobi dan lain-lain kegiatan.Meskipun agitasi dan propaganda di Negara demokrasi sangat dikecam, namun dalam kampanye pemilihan umum, teknik agitasi dan teknik propaganda banyak juga dipakai oleh para kandidat atau politikus selalu komunikator politik.
Peran Serta Mahasiswa dalam Pembangunan Kota
Authors: Gazali Al
Published: January 2021

Pemuda, Mahasiswa harus berbuat apa agar layak dikatak sebagai pemuda kreatif, berkarya dan pemuda Inspiratif
Not all DEMs are equal: An evaluation of six globally available 30 m resolution DEMs with geodetic benchmarks and LiDAR in Mexico
Authors: Carrera-Hernandez Jaime
Published: February 2021

This work assesses the vertical accuracy of eight Digital Surface Models (DSMs) currently available for Mexico (LiDAR, ALOS AW3D30 V2 and V3, ASTER GDEM V2 and V3, SRTM, NASADEM and Mexico's Continuos Elevation Model (CEM)). The AW3D30, ASTER GDEM, SRTM and NASADEM DSMs cover nearly the entire globe and can be downloaded at no cost, while the LiDAR and CEM DSMs are distributed by Mexico's Institute of Geography and Statistics (INEGI). The accuracy of these DSMs is assessed by considering: 1) benchmarks as reference data at the national level, and 2) LiDAR DSM as reference data on six different zones with variability in slope, vegetation cover and elevation. Using geodetic benchmarks as reference elevation on those areas covered by LiDAR (A=370,200 km2, n=24,175) it was found that LiDAR has the best vertical accuracy of all DSMs considered (MAE=1.96), which is why it was used as reference elevation to develop seven Difference of DEMs (DoDs) with the remainder DSMs. Using 350 million cells for the aforementioned comparisons, it was found that the vertical accuracy of AW3D30 V2 and V3 is similar (MAE=2.5 m), followed by NASADEM, SRTM, CEM, ASTER GDEM3 and ASTER GDEM 2, with MAE values of 3.1, 3.8, 4.6, 6.0 and 7.2 m respectively. The previously mentioned values vary according to slope and slope orientation (i.e. aspect): for flat areas (slope < 5 degrees), the NASADEM exhibits the lowest MAE (with MAE values of 1.6 for slope<=1 degree and MAE=2.0 m when 1<slope<=5 degrees), whereas MAE(AW3D30V3)=1.9 and 2.2 m for the previously mentioned slopes. With the use of radial boxplots developed on slope groups, it was found that both MAE and bias are increasingly affected by aspect as slope increases on all the DSMs considered. In the case of both AW3D30 DSMs, on flat terrain a difference of only 0.1 m in bias (i.e. median of differences with respect to LiDAR) is found between SE and NW slopes; however, this difference increases according to slope: 0.6 m for 5<slope<=10 degrees, 1.2 m for 10<slope<=15 degrees, and 1.9 m for 15<slope<=20 degrees. Through the analyses undertaken, it is shown that slope---and not vegetation cover---is the factor that has the largest impact on the error of DSMs, and that the effect of aspect on error increases as terrain steepens. This work shows that all DSMs present errors and that an adequate accuracy assessment of DSMs needs to consider the spatial distribution of GCPs, Difference of DSMs (DoDs) and derivatives of DSMs (i.e.,~slope and aspect) as the use of DoDs provide information on DSM errors (i.e. interpolation artefacts) that can not be assessed through the use of geodetic benchmarks and because DSM errors depend on both slope and aspect.This preprint was accepted for publication (24-04-2021) in Remote Sensing of Environment. The published version is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112474
Impact of Mindfulness Training on In-the-Moment Attentional Control and Emotion Dysregulation in Older Adults: Secondary Analysis of a Pilot, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Samimy Shaadee , Manglani Heena , Fountain-Zargoza Stephanie , Andridge Rebecca , Prakash Ruchika
Published: January 2021

Mindfulness-based interventions show increasing promise for improving attention and emotion regulation, processes that critically support healthy aging. Given their complex, multi-faceted nature, identifying specific aspects of attention and emotion regulation that are modifiable with training in older adults, particularly compared with active control groups, is an ongoing challenge. We performed pre-registered, secondary analyses of a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing effects of a four-week mindfulness-based attention training (MBAT) and a lifestyle education active control group (LifeEd) on attention and emotion dysregulation in older adults. Primary analyses found non-significant training effects on a global measure of attention, signal detection sensitivity. However, MBAT resulted in less mind-wandering post-training. Differential training effects were assessed for: 1) in-the-moment effects of mind-wandering on sustained attention, measured by performance decrements preceding self-reported mind-wandering; and 2) self-reported emotion dysregulation. Working memory performance at baseline was tested as a moderator of training effects. No significant between-group differences for change in in-the-moment effects of mind-wandering on attention or emotion dysregulation emerged. However, baseline working memory moderated effects of mindfulness training on emotion dysregulation. Thus, brief mindfulness training, relative to an active control group, did not mitigate in-the-moment effects of mind-wandering on attention or reduce emotion dysregulation in older adults. However, baseline working memory performance moderated training effects, such that older adults with higher working memory showed greater reductions in emotion dysregulation following mindfulness training. This has potential implications for identifying aging cohorts that may benefit most from this type of training.
Can Virtual Conferences Promote Social Connection?
Authors: Dunn Elizabeth Warren , Lok Iris , Zhao Jiaying
Published: February 2021

Across disciplines, people attend conferences in part to build connections with new ties and to reinforce connections with existing ties--but conference travel comes at a high cost in terms of time, money, and carbon. The COVID-19 pandemic forced major conferences, including TED’s annual flagship conference, to move online. Thus, TED2020 offered an opportunity to examine whether attending a virtual conference can promote feelings of social connection. Our findings provide the first evidence that actively participating in a virtual conference may be linked to enhanced feelings of social connection, particularly with new ties. Over the course of the conference, TED attendees exhibited rising levels of connection to new ties, whereas feelings of connection to existing ties remained unchanged. These findings provide suggestive evidence that virtual conferences may be more effective in building connections with new social ties than in strengthening connections with existing social ties. Our findings also point to the types of conference activities that may be especially beneficial for promoting the development of new social ties.
Navigating between punishment, avoidance, and instruction: The form and function of responses to moral violations varies across adult and child transgressors
Authors: White Cindel , Schaller Mark , Abraham Elizabeth G. , Rottman Josh
Published: February 2021

Immoral actions can elicit a wide array of responses, ranging from pugnacious confrontation to passive distancing. What leads onlookers to react so differently to various violations? Across four studies (N = 2,085), we investigated how responses vary depending on whether moral transgressions are committed by adults or by children. Findings reliably demonstrated that adult participants were more likely to avoid adult transgressors, and more likely to instruct child transgressors about why their actions were wrong. These patterns arose from varying cost-benefit structures, derived in part from asymmetries in interpersonal power between adults and children, rendering adults’ direct confrontation of children both less costly and more beneficial. Although adults’ transgressions were judged to be relatively more wrong, participants had greater anxiety about the negative consequences of confronting adults, and they viewed adults’ personalities as less malleable, thus diminishing the effectiveness of confrontation. In contrast, 4- to 9-year-old children did not differ in their willingness to avoid or instruct adult and child transgressors. Across studies, the content of transgressions (e.g., being harmful or impure) mattered little for determining the nature of responses. Overall, diverse responses to moral transgressions were uniquely tailored to the different costs and benefits associated with confronting adult and child transgressors.
A Positive Future for Futures and Foresight Science Needs Fierce Competition in the Marketplace of Ideas: Commentary on Fergnami and Chermack 2021
Authors: Mandel David R.
Published: January 2021

This is a commentary on a target article by Fergnami and Chermack. It addresses the issue of how the study of futures and foresight can ensure a scientific future. I comment on two aspects of the authors' essay: first, their emphasis on theory development, which I believe is overemphasized (at the cost of an emphasis on method) and, second, their aspiration for reconciliation among scientists, consultants and ideologies. I propose that consensus-seeking is overrated and scientists should focus on competing in the marketplace of ideas.
Camouflaging in autism spectrum disorder: Examining the roles of sex, gender identity and diagnostic timing
Authors: McQuaid Goldie , Lee Nancy Raitano , Wallace Gregory
Published: February 2021

Camouflaging in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could be a factor in later diagnosis of individuals without co-occurring intellectual disability, particularly among those assigned female sex at birth. Little research to date has examined how gender identity impacts camouflaging, however. Further, no study has compared groups that differ in diagnostic-timing to directly investigate if later-diagnosed individuals demonstrate elevated camouflaging relative to those receiving an earlier diagnosis. Using the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) subscales (Assimilation, Compensation, and Masking), we investigated the roles of sex, gender identity (gender diverse vs. cisgender), and diagnostic timing (childhood/adolescent-diagnosed vs. adult-diagnosed), and the interactions of these factors, in ASD adults (N=502; ages 18-49 years). Main effects of sex, gender identity, and diagnostic-timing were revealed. ASD females reported more camouflaging across CAT-Q subscales compared to males. Gender diverse adults reported elevated camouflaging on the Compensation subscale compared to cisgender adults. Adulthood-diagnosed individuals reported elevated Assimilation and Compensation compared to childhood/adolescence-diagnosed individuals. We discuss how the ‘performative’ aspects of camouflaging probed in the Assimilation and Compensation subscales may have particular implications for the intersection of neurodiversity and gender diversity, and for later diagnostic timing.
Mental Health and Wellbeing Implications of the COVID-19 Quarantine for Disabled and Disadvantaged Children and Young People: Evidence from a Cross-cultural Study in Zambia and Sierra Leone
Authors: Sharpe Darren , Rajabi Mohsen , Chileshe Clement , Sitali Mayamba , Sesay Ibrahim , Williams James , Sait Siraj
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantining on children and young people (CYP) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has yet to be fully comprehended. CYP in LMICs are at utmost risk, given the COVID-19-related restrictions and social distancing measures, resulting in reduced access to school-based services for nutritional and mental health needs. This study examined mental health of CYP during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Zambia and Sierra Leone. MethodIn this cross-sectional study which conducted from 21st June to 8th August 2020, 468 disabled and disadvantaged CYP aged 12 to 25 completed a planning tool that comprised the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS), as well as open-ended questions covering social connectedness, physical distancing and outdoor activities during the lockdown. The community coaches screened individuals and families who could be eligible to receive emergency aid, and based on a convenience sample following distribution of aid, recipients were invited to complete the online planning tool. The participants were vulnerable children and adolescents (e.g. disadvantaged or living with a disability) living in different provinces of Zambia and Sierra Leone.ResultsMean (SD) SWEMWBS scores for all participants in Zambia and Sierra Leone, were 19.61 (3.45) and 21.65 (2.84), respectively. Mental wellbeing scores were lower in women, younger children and participants with two or more disabilities. Factors significantly associated with poor mental wellbeing in the sample were: type of disability, nationality, peer relationships, connection to others during the pandemic, knowledge about COVID-19, worry about the long-term impact of COVID-19, and the types of self-isolating.ConclusionThe results show that participants who self-reported low levels of COVID-19 health literacy also scored low on the mental wellbeing self-assessment. Yet, despite undoubted limited resources, these CYP are doing well in identifying their needs and maintaining hope in the face of the problems associated with COVID-19 in countries where stigma persists around mental ill-health.
Reliability and Validity of the Enhanced Big Five Personality Test (B5T)
Authors: Satow Lars
Published: January 2021

The Big Five Personality Test (B5T) was first developed in 2010 with the aim of measuring the five fundamental personality dimensions of Neuroticism (N), Extraversion (E), Conscientiousness (C), Agreeableness (A) and Openness (O) (Allport, 1937; Cattell, 1957, 1965; Eysenck, 1947; Goldberg, 1981, 1993; Norman, 1963; Tupes & Christal, 1961). With a convincing factorial structure and high reliability (Cronbach's Alpha), it was shorter than previous procedures (McCrae & Costa, 2004) and was also suitable for use in a professional context (career counseling, personnel selection, personnel development, coaching). In order to also measure the potential and direction of a person, the inventory was later supplemented by three scales for capturing the basic needs for achievement (achievement motive), power (power motive) and security (security motive). After a first large standardization and validation study in 2012, the inventory was re-examined during 2020 using a large sample (n = 21,048). All scales achieved convincing psychometric values (Conrbach's alpha between .76 and .90), which hardly differed from the values from 2012. The factorial structure could be confirmed in confirmatory factor analyzes. There were clear connections with occupation, which suggest that the enhanced inventory is suitable for use in a professional context. The B5T is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. All language versions and further details are available from www.drsatow.de/tests/
Metal-smithy, Bead-making, Gemstones, Jeweller’s Weight, Trade-permits, Tax-stamps: Indus Script’s Semasiography Partly Decoded
Authors: Ansumali Mukhopadhyay Bahata
Published: February 2021

This paper claims to have partly decoded the Indus script. It not only explains how the brief formulaic inscriptions found on seals and tablets helped in taxation and trade control, by recording taxed commodity-types, licensed commercial activities, tax-rates, mode of tax-payment, license-issuing entities etc., but also decisively identifies several semasiograms signifying metal-smithy, lapidary-works, related metrology and taxation. It shows how the sign resembling a “blowpipe inside a crucible”, repeatedly occurs in inscribed seals/tablets discovered from workshops of metal-workers, goldsmiths and bead-makers, and directly occurs on certain inscribed gold and copper implements. Crucibles and blowpipes being ancient smelting tools, their ideograms ( , , ) denoted gold-smithy in Egyptian hieroglyphs too. Moreover, certain Indo-Aryan and Dravidian words for metal-smith directly translates to “blowpipe-blower”. Thus archaeological, script-internal and linguistic evidence confirm that sign signified precious metals and metal-smithy in different contexts. Similarly, fish-like signs ( , , etc.), which repeatedly occur in inscriptions discovered from bead-makers’ and jewelers’ workshops across Indus settlements, arguably signified meanings associated with gemstones, bead-making and related metrological standards. Interestingly, in Proto-Dravidian, “mīn” means fish, shining, bright, and gemstone. Moreover, Indus valley’s eye-patterned gemstone beads were famous as “fish-eye beads” in Mesopotamia. The gemstone related fish-signs sometimes co-occur with , possibly because, the bead-makers and goldsmiths, who physically shared same workshops, were part of related trade license and taxation mechanisms. This paper also claims that the frequent terminal signs symbolized different volumetric ( ) and weight-based ( ) metrological units used in revenue collection and thus metonymically signified certain tax categories. Specifically, the terminal arrow-like sign , which mostly co-occurs with gemstone and gold-smithy related semasiograms, arguably symbolized a goldsmith’s balance, and metonymically signified tax-payments and trade-permits associated with precious commodities. Since ancient assay balances generally used arrow-like pointers for precise weight measurement (a comparable balance is discovered from Harappa), Indic words for assay balance (eṣaṇī, nārācī) are often etymologically rooted to arrow-words. This study claims that sign (allograph ), symbolized the abrus precatorious seeds, the traditional Indian jeweller’s weight, and metonymically signified goldsmith’s weight system and treasury. Many other related conjectures of this study significantly advance our understanding of Indus script.
International Newcomers and their direct, indirect and cumulative effect on Ethnic Residential Segregation: A Dynamic Assessment
Authors: Tapia Eduardo
Published: February 2021

Previous studies show households' selective residential mobility as a principal cause of residential segregation. However, a less studied aspect of residential segregation has been how foreign newcomers affect those mobility patterns and consequently residential segregation trends. This paper extends previous investigations by evaluating the effects of newly arrived immigrants on ethnic residential segregation from a dynamic perspective. Unlike previous studies, this study analyzes newcomers' neighborhood choices together with their direct, indirect, and cumulative effects on segregation. Results show that immigrant settlements not only exacerbate residential segregation by landing in already segregated areas (direct effect) but by triggering segregating promoting movements in households living in destination neighborhoods (undirect effect). Both results contribute to producing a higher level of segregation compared with a situation where newcomers would have been randomly allocated across the residential areas (cumulative effect). These findings highlight the importance of reception strategies in host cities to palliate segregation levels and demonstrates its cumulative effects.
Reassessment of the cranial and dental data from the Upper Paleolithic site of Kostenki 15
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zubova Alisa , Moiseyev Viacheslav , Kulkov Aleksandr ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Obodovskiy Anatolii ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"
Published: January 2021

In the article we present new results of the study of the child skull found in a burial at the Upper Paleolithic site of Kostenki 15 (Gorodtsov site). While the CT analysis of the earlier reconstructed skull revealed high level of destruction of the morphologically important landmarks which prevents from using the conventional cranial metric characteristics of the individual in population studies, the analysis of its dental morphology was shown to be much more informative. Our study revealed that the upper incisors and lower molars of the sample display a specific complex of non-metric traits which combine European (4-cusped first molars) traits with such Asian characteristics as shovel-shaped upper lateral incisors, odontoglyphic patterns on the first lower molars, and morphology of the second lower deciduous molars. The results of the statistical analysis of the dental metrics does not match with the hypothesis on close biological affinities of the Kostenki 15 child with Předmostí and Dolní Věstonice populations put forward by Yakimov but again revealed intermediate European-Asian position of the Kostenki 15 sample. Several European samples including those from the Pavlov, Cap Blanc and Grotte de la Balauzière sites and one Siberian sample from the Malta settlement demonstrate the highest level of similarity with the Kostenki 15. Apparently, it can be argued that the results of our study suggest long distance migrations in Eurasia as early as the Upper Paleolithic.
Resolution of a sign (1). Regarding a Neolithic slab in the petit mont passage grave (Arzon, France)
Authors:   Laboratoire de recherches en archéologie et architectures, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Cassen Serge , Grimaud Valentin
Published: January 2021

Our communication will make use of the word “resolution” in order to address both the original meanings of prehistoric signs and the new technical capabilities that make it possible to detect ancient engravings on stone. An interpretation of an iconographic program belonging to such an old period (6500 BP) relies on a precise inventory of material removals on the rock surface so that all the signs can be detailed and labelled. For this, we will focus on one of the two passage graves preserved in the Neolithic cairn of PetitMont (Arzon, France). There, an engraved orthostat displaying a figure of a so-called “solar wheel” has been known for a long time; however, this type of motif neither fits the chronological context nor the usual corpus of signs in the megaliths of Brittany. A careful recording combining a compilation of images under oblique lighting and 3D modelling makes it possible to produce a graphical synthesis at several levels of information (contours, removal of material from the rock surface, chromatic and morphological alterations). All the signs identified on the basis of their hollow layouts allow us to recognize four main motifs: a circular composition consisting of 17 polished axe blades; a representation of a liquid element; two depictions of boats, one with crew, the other unmanned.
The ability of Junior High School Science Teacher in Solving The Problems of Torque
Authors: Sarkity Dios , Dwi Sundari Putri
Published: February 2021

Understanding the concept is an important aspect of solving various physics problems. Understanding the concept will help in understanding the problems, determining problem-solving strategies, and using mathematics appropriately as a problem-solving tool. Lack of conceptual understanding results in the tendency to solve problems by relying solely on formulas without knowing the proper use of formulas according to the underlying concepts of the problem. Various problems related to rotational motion can be explained through the concept of torque. To solve the problem of torque, understanding the concept of torque and mastering the concept of vectors are needed to find solutions to the problems Many of the science teachers have a background in physics education. Science teachers who are a bachelor of physics education should master various physics concepts even though the material is not taught at the junior high school level. Therefore, the authors conducted research to determine the ability of science teachers with an education background in physics education in solving the problems of torque. The study involved 10 science teachers who teach in 10 different schools. This research was a descriptive study with data collection techniques in the form of a questionnaire using an essay question to test the science teacher's ability in solving the problems of torque. The results showed that most of the participants could not solve the problem of torque due to a lack of understanding of the concept in determining the torque generated by forces with various positions.
Pengolahan Sagu menjadi mie prebiotik sebagai makanan fungsional dan upaya peningkatan ketahanan pangan di Desa Alai Selatan, Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Barat, Kepulauan Meranti
Authors: Martina Atria , Lestari Wahyu , Linda Tetty Marta , Hasibuan Saberina , Wardani Imelda
Published: February 2021

Noodles are a processed food product favored by most Indonesians, generally made from wheat which must be imported. Kepulauan Meranti Regency is the largest producer of sago in Indonesia. One of the products made from sago that is widely produced in Meranti is sa.go noodle. Making noodles with local raw materials such as sago and sweet potato is an effort to improve food security. Traditional sago noodle has  high carbohydrate and fiber content but still has disadvantages such as not having inulin content as a prebiotic, less antioxidant and a less attractive color, while purple sweet potato contains inulin as prebiotic components, high antioxidants, vitamins and minerals.The utilization of prebiotics insago noodle has multiple advantages since they improved probiotic growth in the body, sensory features and provide a more well-balanced nutritional composition as functional food. This community service program aims to training on the process of making prebiotic sago noodles to the community in Alai Selatan Village.This activities are carried out by course and practice methods.The results showed that the participants were interested in making prebiotic sago noodles because they had a more attractive features, more nutritious and had a delicious taste. Prebiotic sago noodles can be used as an effort to biodiversify sago noodle products to support food security and improve the community's economy.
Standarisasi produk dan strategi digital marketing untuk meningkatkan pemasaran pada UMKM VCO Bertuah
Authors: Sujarwati Sujarwati , Fatonah Siti , Fibriarti Bernadeta Leni , Sy Silvera Devi , Hasanah Oswati , Arini Arini
Published: February 2021

VCO Bertuah is an MSME in Pekanbaru that produces virgin coconut oil. Bertuah VCO has legality permits in the form of IUMK, NIB and P-IRT Certificate. However, Bertuah VCO does not have a halal certificate, BPOM distribution permit, and product SNI. The marketing of Bertuah VCO products is mostly done online, especially through social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram. Other digital marketing strategies such as youtube and websites have not been carried out. Based on the results of the activity, it can be concluded that UMKM need assistance to take care of business legality. It is necessary to have active communication between UMKM and government agencies in charge of business licensing. Assistance activities have succeeded in increasing partners' understanding of the business legality management procedures. Assistance activities are very helpful for partners in preparing documents for business legality requirements. Assistance activities increase partners' understanding of digital marketing strategies through the website, instagram and youtube. Assistance activities help partners prepare advertising content in the form of product photos, instagram feed designs, video testimonials, and good ad copywriting.
Pemberdayaan ibu PKK dalam pembuatan biopori berbasis limbah rumah tangga
Authors: Dini Isna Rahma , Azmimelwa Fauza , Setiawan Joko , Saputra Rachmad
Published: February 2021

Various kinds of activities carried out by PKK mothers in filling their time working at home during the Covid-19 pandemic, one of which is farming around the yard. This farming activity certainly requires useful fertilizers to increase plant fertility. Biopores is an effort that can be made to improve soil health and trigger the natural decomposition of organic matter. The organic material used can come from kitchen waste. So far, biopores are known as an effort to overcome standing water and are still not widely used to increase soil fertility. This service aims to provide information on the manufacture and application of biopores in plants so that they can increase soil fertility in cultivated plants. The method used consists of lecturing methods, hands-on practice, and evaluating the achievement of activities using achievement measures. Based on the results of the posttest evaluation, there was an increase in the knowledge of PKK mothers about biopores, where initially only 40% increased to 100%. In addition, the direct practice of making and applying biopores carried out on one of the PKK mothers is an indicator of the high interest of PKK mothers in applying biopores. It can be concluded that community service activities are quite effective in increasing the ability and interest of PKK mothers in applying biopores to plants around their house yards.
Kewirausahaan bagi pengungsi asing dan pencari suaka di Pekanbaru pada masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Jamaan Ahmad , Saeri Muhammad , Olivia Yessi , Nizmi Yusnarida Eka , Iskandar Irwan
Published: February 2021

The existence of foreign refugees in Pekanbaru has had an external impact on the social environment of the society in which they are accommodated. Internally, the prohibition of refugees to work formally, it has had the impact of reducing the economic capacity of the refugees itself. Even though, many of them while in their home countries have special professions such as lecturer, lawyer, journalist, and others. Dealing with this reason, in order to strengthen the economy for refugees in Pekanbaru, community service activities are held in the form of introducing and exploring the potential of refugees, socializing the existence of refugees to the society, and entrepreneurship assistance. The activity of entrepreneurship is implemented through three components, namely entrepreneurial motivation, assistance in making products characterized by the country of origin of refugees and the introduction and marketing of these entrepreneurial products. Thus, this community service activities can provide the business independence for refugees in making culinary products and painting crafts. In its implementation, this community service could run well without the presence of refugees and asylum seekers because of absence of permission during Pandemic COVID-19 in Pekanbaru