bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gdje je pokopan pop Marko Mesić?
Authors: Bogović Mile
Published: July 2024

The priest Marko Mesić died on February 2nd, 1713 in Karlobag, but the question about the place of his grave is not completed until today. In his will, year and a half before he died, he wrote that his desire was to be buried in Mušaluk, where he built the church in honor of his guardian St. Marcus. But all of that supports the opinion that he was buried in Karlobag, the place where he died. There is no evidence for some beliefs that he was buried in the St. Joseph Capuchins Church in Karlobag. The most credible opinion, but not completely certain, that priest Marko was buried in the old St. Carl Borromeo Church. When this church was demolished and the new one was built, the one which exists today, the body of the priest Marko was embalmed and transferred to the new church. In the shrine of this church, on the main crypt, there is an inscription (1771) which signifies when that transfer was.Since this church was partially demolished in 1957, the remains of the priest Marko were transferred to a crypt at the old cemetery, next to the church and beside the Capuchin crypt. This means that the liberator’s bones were not thrown into the sea or built in the concrete shore after partially demolishing St. Carl Church in Karlobag because of moderating the curve on the Adriatic road which was built then.
Svečani ženski kožun s područja Pazarišta
Authors: Pezelj Luka
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the results of a field research carried out in the area of villages belonging to Donja Pazarišta, referring to a part of the feminine traditional costume of the Lika region. The research was carried out primarily in order to save and preserve the memory of the formal women’s waistcoat, and to confirm the existence of formal variations of waistcoats with its specific color and a different way of making than what is presented today.The Pazarište example was preserved only in the memory of the informants, and analogies were found in examples from Kaluđerovac and Perušić. At the same time, the intention of this work is to be a guide towards the valorization, but also the reconstruction of this forgotten clothing item as part of the activities of the folklore societies of Lika. Aside from exploring thisforgotten part of Lika folk costumes in Pazarište, as I have already stated, my aim was to confirm the existence of formal variations of waistcoats with their specific color and a different way of production than what is presented today.
Crtice o prehrani u rimsko doba na prostoru Like
Authors: Ožanić Roguljić Ivana
Published: July 2024

The paper provides an overview of the current published findings on nutrition in Roman times of Lika. Archeobotanical and archaeozoological analyzes have so far been made only at the site of Lički Ribnik, while from the site of Žuta Lokva several types of amphorae are known which contribute to the knowledge of the topic. The data provided the data that the Romans consumed millet, peas, beef and mutton in Lika. They drank wine from the Adriatic coast, used olive oil from Istria and Spain, and made their dishes with a special Roman spice garum.
Numizmatički nalazi iz katedrale sv. Jakova u Krbavi
Authors: Vučić Jakov
Published: July 2024

The author of this paper brings an overview of the money found during the archeological researches of the cathedral in Krbava between 2000 and 2019. A part of the money comes from the graves, among which are especially distinguished 25 silver coins from the grave 123, terminus post quem of 1382. The coins provide an evidence of continuous usage of one’s position from the end of the 13th until the end of the 15th century. Among the founded coins from that time, the most frequent foundings are those from Venice. The coin that is the newest one, after more than three centuries without any kind of numismatic foundings, brings an evidence of the graveyard built in this area in the first half of the 19th century.
Gladi i oskudice u Srednjoj Lici u drugoj polovici 18. i prvoj polovici 19. stoljeća – Analiza demografskih pokazatelja iz crkvenih matičnih knjiga
Authors: Pavelić Filip
Published: July 2024

Povijest Like, kao i ostalih krških krajeva naših prostora, obilježena je teškim životom. Ovaj rad analizira trendove nupcijaliteta, fertiliteta i mortaliteta u sedam katoličkih župa Srednje Like i dvije župe Podgorja u razdoblju od 1740. do 1858. godine. Također, dobiveni podatci koriste se kako bi se promotrilo kako je Srednja Lika proživjela dva krizna perioda na razini cijele Europe – osamdesete godine 18. stoljeća i period nakon kraja Napoleonskih ratova (1815. – 1818.). U oba perioda, sinergija društveno-političkih specifičnosti i ekstremnih vremenskih uvjeta djelomično uzrokovanih erupcijama vulkana doveli su do pojave široko raširenih gladi. Situacija u ličkom društvu u navedenim vremenima veoma je suprotna. Osamdesete godine 18. stoljeća jako pogađaju Srednju Liku što potvrđuju i ogromni skokovi mortaliteta te padovi nupcijaliteta te je tijekom cijelog desetljeća prirodni prirast negativan u promatranim župama. Razdoblje nakon Napoleonskih ratova također pogađa ličko društvo, ali ni približno onako žestoko kao što pogađa mnoge krajeve Europe ili neke druge krajeve Habsburške Monarhije. Analiza cjelokupnih trendova potvrđuje kako je Srednja Lika u drugoj polovici 18. i prvoj polovici 19. stoljeća demografski tipično predindustrijsko društvo karakterizirano velikim natalitetom i velikim mortalitetom, pogotovo djece.
Lovinac na razglednicama između 1900. i 1940. godine
Authors: Šarić Davor
Published: July 2024

Razglednica, kao slikovni objekt u poštanskom prometu, donijela je u drugoj polovini 19. stoljeća novost u obliku širenja vizualne informacije u cilju promocije naselja, geografskog predjela, gospodarske aktivnosti ili značajnih osoba. Na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće, nakon prvih izdanja s prikazima većih gradova i važnih turističkih središta Hrvatske, pojavile su se i razglednice manjih sredina pa tako i razglednice Lovinca. U članku su prikazane razglednice Lovinca koje su pouzdano bile u upotrebi u razdoblju između 1902. i 1940. godine, s opisima slikovnog dijela sadržaja. Interpretirane su lokacijski i imenovanjem osoba na slikama koje su bile prepoznate od dostupnih malobrojnih kazivača. Članak je rezultat tridesetak godina sabiranja i potrage autora ovog rada za navedenog građom. Pokazano je kako su za pripremu slikovnog dijela razglednica bili angažirani i poznati fotografi onog vremena, a kao izdavači se pojavljuju tadašnjih veletrgovci, što govori o njihovoj svjesnosti i uključenosti u onovremene trendove.
A rare presentation of essential thrombocytosis masked as vasculitis
Authors: Muralidhar Haridas Vikram , Haridas Kiran
Published: July 2024

This case study presents the clinical journey of a 37-year-old woman who previously experienced gangrene in her fingers and toes. Initial assessments revealed elevated total white blood cell count and platelets, coupled with low hemoglobin levels. Despite normal inflammatory markers and negative results for antiphospholipid syndrome, antinuclear antibodies, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, arterial Doppler imaging displayed no abnormalities. Suspecting vasculitis, the patient was initially treated with steroids and aspirin. However, subsequent investigations revealed essential thrombocytosis, a myeloproliferative disorder, confirmed by a positive JAK2 gene mutation. This case underscores the complexity of diagnosing rare hematological disorders and the importance of comprehensive evaluations for accurate treatment strategies.
Widths and entropy numbers of the classes of periodic functions of one and several variables in the space $B_{q,1}$
Authors: Pozharska K.V. , Romanyuk A.S. , Romanyuk V.S.
Published: July 2024

Exact-order estimates are obtained for the entropy numbers and several types of widths (Kolmogorov, linear, trigonometric and orthowidth) for the Sobolev and Nikol'skii-Besov classes of one and several variables in the space $B_{q,1}$, $1 <q< \infty$. It is shown, that in the multivariate case, in contrast to the univariate, the obtained estimates differ in order from the corresponding estimates in the space $L_q$.
La universalidad desde el liberacionismo filosófico cristiano: transmodernidad y nuevo mestizaje cultural
Authors: Zielinski Juan Matías
Published: July 2024

Este escrito expone las diversas dimensiones semánticas de las categorías de Transmodernidad (Enrique Dussel) y Nuevo mestizaje cultural (Juan Carlos Scannone), en el marco de la contribución de la filosofía liberadora de inspiración cristiana a la idea de “universalidad”. Esta reconstrucción se basa en un análisis de la reconceptualización ofrecida por estos dos autores de la noción de “universalidad”, a partir de la relación entre la Modernidad europea y la Postmodernidad euronoramericana, los procesos diferenciados de modernización latinoamericanos y la pluralidad de las tradiciones nuestroamericanas.
Informe del análisis de citas en Google Scholar de la Revista M de la facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga
Authors: Idárraga-Ortiz Sergio Alejandro , Vargas Leal Viviana Marcela
Published: July 2024

En el presente informe se reporta la metodología de captación, normalización, verificación y resultados del análisis de la información disponible en Google Scholar (GS) a partir de la consulta en el software Harzing’s Publish or Perish (PoP) con el propósito de consolidar la información de base para el cálculo del impacto según el índice h5 en el periodo de publicación 2016-2020 de la revista M, editada por la seccional Bucaramanga de la Universidad Santo Tomás.
Prevalence of and Risks for Bacterial Infections in Hospitalized Children With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Cadotte Noelle , Moore Hannah , Stone Bryan L. , Pershing Nicole L. , Ampofo Krow , Ou Zhining , Pavia Andrew T. , Blaschke Anne J. , Flaherty Brian , Crandall Hillary
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Viral bronchiolitis is a common pediatric illness. Treatment is supportive; however, some children have concurrent serious bacterial infections (cSBIs) requiring antibiotics. Identifying children with cSBI is challenging and may lead to unnecessary treatment. Improved understanding of the prevalence of and risk factors for cSBI are needed to guide treatment. We sought to determine the prevalence of cSBI and identify factors associated with cSBI in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis.

METHODS

We performed a retrospective cohort study of children <2 years old hospitalized with bronchiolitis at a free-standing children’s hospital from 2012 to 2019 identified by International Classification of Diseases codes. cSBI was defined as bacteremia, urinary tract infection, meningitis, or pneumonia. Risk factors for cSBI were identified using logistic regression.

RESULTS

We identified 7871 admissions for bronchiolitis. At least 1 cSBI occurred in 4.2% of these admissions; with 3.5% meeting our bacterial pneumonia definition, 0.4% bacteremia, 0.3% urinary tract infection, and 0.02% meningitis. cSBI were more likely to occur in children with invasive mechanical ventilation (odds ratio [OR] 2.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78–3.63), a C-reactive protein ≥4 mg/dL (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.47–3.32), a concurrent complex chronic condition (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.22–2.25) or admission to the PICU (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.02–2.07).

CONCLUSIONS

cSBI is uncommon among children hospitalized with bronchiolitis, with pneumonia being the most common cSBI. Invasive mechanical ventilation, elevated C-reactive protein, presence of complex chronic conditions, and PICU admission were associated with an increased risk of cSBI.
Prospects of Interdisciplinary Research into the Problem of Resource Mobilization of Academic Staff
Authors: Naumkin Nikolai I. , Glushko Dmitry E. , Kupryashkin Vladimir F. , Abushaeva Zulfiya Kh.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Training students for innovative engineering activity is one of the priority tasks of an engineering university. However, so far all existing approaches to its solution involve changes in the curricula of degree programmes. The aim of the research is to substantiate and develop a methodological system of training future engineers in innovative engineering activity in the educational environment.
Materials and Methods. The methodology of innovative engineering education, environmental, project, convergent and other approaches was used. A quantitative assessment of the level of development of innovative competencies was carried out during a comparative training experiment based on the average indicator of time series. The Pearson test was used to assess the statistical significance of the data.
Results. The possibility of preparing future engineers for innovative engineering activities during a comprehensive course projecting in general engineering disciplines without departure from the curriculum is substantiated. To create conditions for such training, a project-based and activity-based educational environment has been proposed, pooling into one system all the resources available at the university and ensuring their interaction on the basis of a convergent approach associated with the approximation and interpenetration of scientific, pedagogical and information technology knowledge. A system for teaching innovative engineering activities in this environment has been developed, including conceptual-target, content, procedural-technological and reflective components, implemented within the framework of a business game.
Discussion and Conclusion. The conclusions made by authors contribute to the development of the environment approach to learning in terms of designing new educational environments, theory and methodology of teaching technical disciplines, as well as project-based learning – in terms of their focus on innovative training of students.
Empirical Assessment of Ethnic Identity and Ethnic Attitudes of the Russian Students (Case Study of Humanities Degree Programmes taught at National Research Mordovia State University)
Authors: Balyaev Sergey I. , Garanina Zhanna G. , Nikishov Sergey N. , Nikishova Irina S.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Currently, there is a tendency of steady decline in the value of ethnic identity in the self-consciousness of young people. The assessment and study of the dynamics of ethnic self-awareness are related to the need for a comprehensive approach to the problem of patriotism development of modern Russian youth. The purpose of this article is to analyze the ethnic self-consciousness and ethnic attitudes among Russian youth enrolled in humanities degree programmes at the National Research Mordovia State University.
Materials and Methods. 150 junior students took part in the empirical research. The following methods were used: the 16PF questionnaire by R. Cattell (form C), the “Types of Ethnic Identity” method by G. U. Soldatova and S. V. Ryzhova, the Method for assessing the positivity and uncertainty of ethnic identity by A. N. Tatarko, N. M. Lebedeva, ethnic affiliation questionnaire by G. U. Soldatova, S. V. Ryzhova. The authors used methods of correlation and factor analysis.
Results. The study revealed a high level of positive ethnic identity in the majority of Russian students. The greater part of students have an average level of ethnic identity. The results of correlation analysis showed the presence of significant relationships between types of ethnic identity and ethnic attitudes. As a result of factor analysis, five groups of factors reflecting the relationship between types of ethnic identity and personal qualities of students were identified.
Discussion and Conclusion. The authorsʼ findings contribute to the study of the problem of ethnic identity and its relationship with ethnic attitudes and personality traits of Russian students. The materials of the article can be useful for specialists in the field of ethnic psychology to study and develop studentsʼ deep understanding of their own ethnic identity.
First record of the diving beetle Ilybius pseudoneglectus (Franciscolo, 1972) in Slovakia (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)
Authors: Kodada Ján , Goffová Katarína , Selnekovič Dávid
Published: July 2024

We present the ﬁrst records of the diving beetle Ilybius pseudoneglectus (Franciscolo, 1972) from Slovakia. This species is described from Italy and Croatia and is distributed mainly along the Adriatic coast south through Montenegro to Greece. The Slovak specimens come from a ﬂooded inland salt marsh and salt meadow biotope in a lowland near the village of Tvrdošovce (southwestern Slovakia). Laccornis kocae Ganglbauer, 1904, Helophorus micans Faldermann, 1835, and Helochares lividus (Forster, 1771) shared the same microhabitat and are other rare beetles of lowland wetlands. 
Burlas en torno a la «Fábula de Polifemo y Galatea» en el cancionero barroco portugués
Authors: Marecos-Duarte Marta
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo tengo en consideración tres fábulas mitológicas que se encuentran en la antología portuguesa A fénix renascida (1716-1728), que reflejan la apropiación del epilio de Luis de Góngora, ya sea mediante la paráfrasis o mediante la parodia burlesca, y usando del rebajamiento de la dicción como forma de cuestionar los usos de la palabra poética, entre erudición y vulgarización. Me centro en la «Fábula de Polifemo e Galatea» de Jacinto Freire de Andrade, para enfocar un aspecto fundamental de estas burlas: la sátira de la institución literaria. En la estela de la polémica gongorina, las burlas en torno al poema de don Luis atacan el contexto de la profesionalización de la poesía en el Siglo de Oro. A través del poema de Andrade, queda manifiesto que el escenario del poema del cordobés y, especialmente, el canto del cíclope, señalan las vicisitudes que atraviesa el oficio poético, sobre todo en el marco de la poesía de elogio, donde la institución del «encargo» camina de la mano con el ejercicio del conceptismo.
,,Są pieśni tak cudne, że naruszają porządek świata”. Muzyka Jakutów we wspomnieniach Wacława Sieroszewskiego
Authors: Kondracka Karolina ,   Instytut Sztuki PAN w Warszawie
Published: July 2024

The aim of the article is to present music of the 19 th century Yakuts in the Wacław Sieroszewski’s scientific materials. The researcher included in monograph ,,12 years in the Yakut country” interesting data about music. The information concerns shamanic music, instrumental and vocal music and the heroic epics Olonkho.
Literature for children as a source of tolerance education for preschoolers
Authors: Delenko Valentyna , Hnatyshak Ilona , Lushchynska Olena
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the topical aspect of the general problem of upbringing children of preschool age. It is emphasized that tolerance is directly related to the moral development of an individual. The educational potential of Ukrainian children's literature for preschool children is analyzed. The humanistic, competence-based, personally oriented, pedagogical, psychological approach to the education of tolerance in preschoolers is substantiated. The importance of general pedagogical principles, methods and means of educational influence on the personality of preschool children is taken into account, in particular in the education of tolerance.
 A characteristic of Ukrainian classics' creativity is given in the context of enhancing the tolerance of preschool children. Education of tolerance among preschoolers by means of poetic and prose texts is revealed. An analysis of prose and verse texts for children by Ukrainian poets and writers of the second half of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century is presented. The educational potential of fairy tales, short stories, and poetry is analyzed. The necessity of using the thematic wealth of Ukrainian children's literature for the education of a tolerant person is substantiated.
The article proposes to trace the education of tolerance from folklore works to author's literature. Attention is focused on some methodical aspects of conveying the artistic word to the child. The need to involve parents in the process of raising tolerance is emphasized. On the basis of the conducted research, it was proved that children's literature is one of the effective means of forming tolerance in preschool children.
It was found that the presence of specific themes, including tolerance, plots, and images in children's books is important, however, usually the plot-image system is not a priority criterion that determines the age category of readers. More important is the criterion of appropriate selection of means of revealing the plot, building an image as a model for the child's identity, and their accessibility for children to understand. The internal contradiction of children's literature is that it has a rather rigidly defined target (age) audience, so the process of creating a work for children is difficult, and this, apparently, formed the basis of the differentiation of the meanings of children's literature and literature for children
Residential Care Community Resident Characteristics: United States, 2022
Authors: Melekin Amanuel , Sengupta Manisha , Caffrey Christine , Caffrey Christine
Published: July 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Overview of Post-acute and Long-term Care Providers and Services Users in the United States, 2020
Authors: Lendon Jessica , Caffrey Christine , Melekin Amanuel , Singh Priyanka , Lu Zhaohui , Sengupta Manisha
Published: July 2024

This report provides health data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
Esclavitud y filicidio en la villa del Socorro (Nuevo Reino de Granada) a finales del siglo XVIII
Authors: Salazar Carreño Robinson
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo presenta un acercamiento al problema de la dominación y resistencia en el contexto de la esclavitud a partir de la revisión de un caso de filicidio de una esclava en sus dos hijas, presentado en la villa del Socorro a finales del siglo XVIII. A la luz de las posturas teóricas de Georg Simmel y de James Scott, la lectura del expediente judicial indica el enfrentamiento entre las estrategias de dominación de los amos y los juegos de resistencia de los esclavizados como dos expresiones normales en las relaciones sociales de la esclavitud.
Configuraciones imperiales: estudio sobre la naturaleza de las relaciones entre Colombia y Gran Bretaña, 1825-1855
Authors: Ghotme Rafat Ahmed
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es elaborar un marco conceptual que permita comprender la naturaleza de las relaciones “oficiales” de Colombia y Gran Bretaña entre 1825 y 1855. Este estudio demostrará que la relación “oficial” se concibió como una configuración imperial fluctuante que reflejaba distintas formas de control establecidas por Gran Bretaña sobre la política exterior colombiana. La construcción de este concepto, para el cual se recurrió al uso de fuentes primarias y categorías de las Relaciones Internacionales, es útil no solo para comprender el control resultante, sino para indagar cómo lo “internacional” impactó en la evolución social de Colombia.
“Paraíso de calor” y refugio de “bárbaros” La naturaleza y los cunas del Darién en su “conjura” contra el imperio español
Authors: Peralta Agudelo Jaime Andrés
Published: July 2024

Desde un punto de encuentro entre la Historia Ambiental y la Nueva Historia Cultural, se analizan las iniciativas de incorporación del Darién al sistema colonial del siglo XVIII, pero a través de una nueva perspectiva de indagación que gira alrededor de los esquemas de observación, valoración y significación sobre el medio natural, así como de los modelos de intervención concomitantes, que desarrollaron los reformadores ilustrados. Asimismo, se explora cómo esta matriz de percepción se proyectó sobre los indígenas cunas para representarlos como “bárbaros” y “rebeldes” que obtenían su carácter moral, pautas culturales y capacidad de resistencia, de un entorno geográfico y biológico igualmente “salvaje” e indomeñable.
Pascale Villegas, La península de Yucatán en la correspondencia consular de Francia en Campeche, 1832-1850. México: Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas de la UMSNH, Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora, 2022.
Authors: Cortés Zavala María Teresa
Published: July 2024

La península de Yucatán en la correspondencia consular de Francia en Campeche, 1832-1850. D’Hauterive, Faramond, Laisné de Villevêque, es el resultado de una investigación que desde hace varios años ha realizado la historiadora franco mexicana Pascale Villegas. La obra es una excelente contribución a la historiografía mexicana que se ha escrito sobre Campeche, el comercio en los puertos de la península de Yucatán y la constitución de la legación consular de Francia, a partir de la tercera década del siglo XIX y hasta 1850, periodo en que dejó de funcionar el consulado y que podemos caracterizar como la etapa del establecimiento de las relaciones diplomáticas de México con otros países.
RESOLUTION OF THE XXV CONGRESS OF PEDIATRICIANS OF RUSSIA WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION "ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF PEDIATRICS" MARCH 1–3, 2024, MOSCOW
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: July 2024

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RELEVÂNCIA DO PROTOCOLO “APOIO” NA AVALIAÇÃO CIRÚRGICA PRÉ-OPERATÓRIA DE IDOSOS
Authors: Cassab Amanda Valim Kampa , Batista Flamarion dos Santos , Ribas-Filho Jurandir Marcondes , Nassif Paulo Afonso Nunes , Tabushi Fernando Issamu , Skare Thelma Larocca
Published: July 2024

Introdução : A idade cronológica não deve ser encarada como contraindicação ou impedimento para realização de qualquer procedimento médico, desde que haja indicação técnica para tal. Isso porque nem sempre as idades cronológica e biológica são equivalentes. O processo de envelhecimento é heterogêneo e individual, variando de acordo com fatores genéticos, ambientais e socioeconômicos .
Objetivo : Revisar os cuidados publicados sobre o atendimento cirúrgico multidimensional do idoso e o papel que o protocolo APOIO pode ter na tomada de decisão.
Método : Revisão integrativa feita coletando informações publicadas em plataformas virtuais em português e inglês. Inicialmente foi realizada busca por descritores relacionados ao tema e identificadores por meio do DeCS utilizando-se os seguintes termos: “ avaliação pré-operatória, idosos, fraturas, complicações perioperatórias, e cirurgia ” e artigos que utilizaram o protocolo APOIO com busca AND ou OR , considerando o título e/ou resumo. Após, considerando-se somente os que tinham maior relação ao tema, foi realizada a leitura na íntegra dos textos.
Resultado : Foram incluídos 24 artigos.
Conclusão : APOIO é uma avaliação multidimensional que comunica a geriatria com anestesiologia e especialidades cirúrgicas, integrando clínicas e cirurgias na tomada de decisão quanto ao tratamento cirúrgico ao idoso. Ela oferece conclusão com texto escrito que resume quais os sistemas vulneráveis ​​recomendando cuidados perioperatórios e eventualmente sendo adotados para minorar os riscos do procedimento.
Developing a low carbon dioxide brick for residential building construction
Authors: Sravani Tata , Ramani Prasanna Venkatesan , Anbu Madhumathi
Published: July 2024

The construction industry is trying to become more eco-friendly and minimise its environmental impact. One way to achieve this is by using innovative building materials. Traditional clay bricks are not eco-friendly due to the depletion of resources and the emissions and waste generated during production. In this study, a new alternative called the novel organic brick (NOB) was produced and evaluated, which was made from recycled construction and demolition sand and red clay as partial replacements for traditional virgin clay. A life-cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to compare the environmental impact of NOBs to that of kiln-fired bricks (KFBs). The inventory flows from material sourcing to brick shaping were modelled in the SimaPro 8.1 software and characterised into impact indicators using the ReCiPe 2016 method. The LCA showed that NOBs can reduce the impact of climate change by 39–56% compared with KFBs, depending on the type and source of recycled sand. This study encourages the construction industry to adopt alternative solutions for greater sustainability by demonstrating the viability of incorporating secondary materials and quantifying environmental performance improvements in India.
Role of bacteria on bio-induced calcium carbonate formation: insights from droplet microfluidic experiments
Authors: Zhang Jinxuan , XIAO YANG , LIU HANLONG , CHU JIAN
Published: July 2024

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has emerged as a promising solution for geotechnical issues. However, the role of bacteria in the formation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) remains incompletely understood. In this study, a droplet microfluidic chip was developed to observe the growth process of calcium carbonate and bacterial behaviour during the MICP process under various bacterial density conditions. Scanning electron microscope was then utilised to analyse the calcium carbonate morphology, and Raman spectroscopy was employed to identify calcium carbonate polymorphs. Nucleation within microspaces showed a stochastic nature. Within the droplets where crystals formed, all crystals manifested as cubic calcite. Higher bacterial density led to the formation of larger and more irregularly shaped crystals, with crystal size showing a significant correlation with urease activity. In droplets where no crystals formed, higher bacterial density and urease activity resulted in the precipitation of amorphous calcium carbonate on the bacterial surface. However, this precipitation pattern differed from the formation of monocrystalline calcium carbonate. The results demonstrate that bacteria act primarily as urease secretors to regulate crystal growth during the MICP process, while their role as nucleation sites for crystals remains debatable. This study provides new insights into the bio-induced calcium carbonate formation mechanism.
Sartorial Sessions
Authors: Robinson Todd
Published: July 2024

This video article draws on visual and textual materials developed as part of a doctoral research project that examined embodied and sensory encounters with fashion and clothing. The core focus was on understanding the significance of embodiment in fashion and exploring opportunities for redirection through critical approaches to researching embodied experiences and exploring and representing those experiences in the broader context of fashionable representation. 
To achieve this, the research developed and applied a digital video-based methodology, which allowed for the identification, elaboration, and thematization of sartorial behaviors and actions. This video article presents eight digital video works as a sequential series, developed using the aforementioned methodology. These videos synthesize the primary findings of the research into a visual form and invite viewers to engage in a somatically felt reflection on them. At the same time, the video article details the development and process of the sartorial sessions as specific contexts where body-garment relations can be examined. 
The audio narration accompanying the visual content is derived from the textual material of the research. It combines contextual information, visual descriptions, and analysis of the images on screen, using selected passages from the written thesis. The aim of the article is to cultivate reflexive forms of sensory knowledge in fashion, encouraging viewers to become more attuned to the sensory dimension of fashion.
Perfil epidemiológico de indivíduos com HIV/Aids em município no Maranhão, Brasil, de 2017 a 2020
Authors: Gonçalves Thiago , Henrique Eduardo , Jucianno Francisco , Claudia Claudia
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e Objetivo: Conhecer as principais formas de transmissão do HIV para proporcionar a contenção da cadeia de transmissão do HIV, o diagnóstico precoce e o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes. Nesse sentido, será possível analisar o perfil epidemiológico e as variáveis de transmissibilidade dos usuários com HIV/Aids do município de Imperatriz-MA. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional de caráter transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir da análise de registros de usuários cadastrados no CTA no período de 2017 a 2020. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário com variáveis de transmissão e características epidemiológicas dos pacientes. Resultados: Foram registrados 211 prontuários de janeiro de 2017 a dezembro de 2020. Destes, 71,6% do sexo masculino, 55,5% dos participantes tinham entre 21 e 40 anos e 66,4% de Imperatriz-MA. O tipo de exposição mais prevalente foi a relação sexual sem preservativo. Entre os participantes, 83,9% (n=177) foram positivos apenas para HIV. Cerca de 140 pessoas com HIV tinham carga viral indetectável (< 50 cópias/ml) após 6 meses usando terapia antirretroviral, tornando-a de baixa transmissibilidade. Conclusões: O estudo conseguiu caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico dos usuários de SAE em Imperatriz entre 2017 e 2020. Apesar do aumento no número de casos em mulheres, o público mais afetado continua sendo homens jovens, de 21 a 40 anos, com 8 a 11 anos de educação, solteiros e pardos. A relação sexual sem preservativo é o principal tipo de exposição.
Prevalência de infecções bacterianas e perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos em pacientes internados com COVID-19
Authors: Dias Lemos Kaiser Thais , Pimentel Jhully , Augusto Almeida Paixão Thayglerson , Faria Zanni Evelyn , Croce Ana Helena
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e Objetivos: a resistência bacteriana é um importante problema de saúde pública mundial relacionado ao uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos, limitando as opções terapêuticas disponíveis. A pandemia de COVID-19 agravou esse cenário, uma vez que a falta de uma terapia padronizada resultou no aumento considerável na prescrição desses fármacos. Diante disso, propôs-se investigar a prevalência de infecções bacterianas e o perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos em pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19, bem como apontar possíveis fatores de risco. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo baseado na análise de prontuários de pacientes internados com COVID-19 com idade superior a 18 anos. Informações como idade, gênero, tempo de internação, unidade de internação, espécie bacteriana e perfil de resistência e uso prévio de antimicrobianos pelos pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19 foram coletadas e analisadas pelo software Excel® 2016. Resultados: dos 268 pacientes com COVID-19, 162 apresentaram suspeitas de infecções bacterianas, sendo 26 pacientes (9,7%) confirmados a partir de culturas positivas. Ainda, cerca de 80% desses pacientes realizaram tratamento empírico com antimicrobianos, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino e internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Foram recuperados um total de 32 isolados bacterianos, dos quais 59,4% apresentaram resistência a pelo menos uma classe de antimicrobianos, sendo 21,8% multidroga resistente. Conclusão: apesar do baixo percentual encontrado de pacientes com COVID-19 que apresentaram infecções bacterianas e, desses, 21,8% serem causados por bactérias multirresistentes, o reforço nas políticas de prevenção de infecções e o adequado gerenciamento na liberação de antimicrobianos se fazem necessários para a redução das taxas de disseminação hospitalar de tais bactérias.
Conhecimento sobre higiene das mãos entre profissionais de enfermagem durante uma pandemia: insights de um estudo transversal no Brasil
Authors: Cordeiro Jéssica Fernanda Corrêa , Cordeiro Daniella Corrêa , Gomes Ludmila Albano de Felice , Da Cruz Tatiana Areas da Cruz , Valim Marilia Duarte , De Andrade Denise , Dos Santos André Pereira
Published: July 2024

Justificativas e Objetivos: a higiene das mãos (HM) é uma prática crucial para a segurança, mas a falta de conhecimento pode prejudicar a adesão. Este estudo avaliou o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem que prestaram cuidados durante a pandemia de Covid-19 em relação à HM e explorou a associação entre o conhecimento de HM, categoria profissional e regiões no Brasil. Métodos: um estudo observacional foi conduzido de novembro de 2020 a dezembro de 2021 envolvendo 493 profissionais de enfermagem de todas as regiões do Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada usando o Google Forms® e plataformas de mídia social. Foi utilizado o Teste de Conhecimento de Higiene das Mãos para Profissionais de Saúde, e os resultados foram analisados descritivamente. O teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (X2) e o teste exato de Fisher foram empregados para avaliar as associações. Resultados: entre os participantes, a maioria (74,7%) tinha conhecimento limitado ou insuficiente sobre HM. Os enfermeiros apresentaram um nível mais elevado de conhecimento em comparação com os auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem. Foram encontradas associações entre a categoria profissional e respostas corretas sobre o tempo de destruição de microrganismos e o tipo de HM a ser utilizado. Conclusão: os profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros possuíam conhecimento limitado sobre HM, sendo que os enfermeiros apresentaram um nível mais elevado de conhecimento em comparação com os auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem. Educação contínua e orientação são necessárias para melhorar as práticas de HM entre a equipe de enfermagem.
SOCIAL SECURITY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA: COMPLIANCE WITH ARTICLE 28(2) OF THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Basson Yvette
Published: July 2024

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities (CRPD) was adopted in 2006 in order to address continued marginalisation of persons with disabilities. Since the adoption of the CRPD, the rights of persons with disabilities have received more scrutiny than previously. The Preamble to the CRPD states that “persons with disabilities continue to face barriers in their participation as equal members of society and violations of their human rights in all parts of the world”. The founding principle of the CRPD is that persons with disabilities are entitled to participate fully and equally in society, irrespective of their individual disability. To achieve this goal, the CRPD provides for a number of rights that must be implemented by States Parties that have signed and ratified it. The rights included in the CRPD contribute towards the achievement of full and equal participation in society. Article 28 of the CRPD guarantees two rights that contribute towards the achievement of full and equal participation in society of persons with disabilities. These are the right to an adequate standard of living, and the right to social protection.This article establishes the scope and content of the right to social security as a component of the rights guaranteed in article 28. To this end, the obligations created by the CRPD related to social security provided by States Parties are established. The current South African social security system pertaining to persons with disabilities is discussed and analysed to determine whether it is compliant with the obligations created in article 28 of the CRPD. Finally, shortcomings in the existing social security system are identified and potential remedies suggested to address these.
RESCUING THE BUSINESS RESCUE PROCESS: A CRITICAL REFLECTION ON THE AUTHORITY TO APPOINT A SUBSTITUTE BUSINESS RESCUE PRACTITIONER THROUGH THE LENS OF Shiva Uranium Limited v Mahomed Mahier Tayob 2022 (3) SA 432 (CC)
Authors: Mpofu Kudzai , Shelton T Mota Makore
Published: July 2024

A determination on the authority to appoint a substitute business rescue practitioner is particularly important for its bearing on the perpetuity of business rescue proceedings. In turn, business rescue proceedings provide a rehabilitative avenue for ensuring that financially distressed companies are extricated from their financial quagmire, thereby achieving company profitability, preservation of employment, economic development and other significant social goals. Through the lenses of Shiva, the case note critically reflects on the contestation regarding who can appoint a substitute business rescue practitioner in terms of the applicable provisions of South Africa’s Companies Act 71 of 2008, wherein the court-appointed business rescue practitioner has either resigned, incapacitated or died. The case note argues that whilst the Constitutional Court in Shiva rightly held that the company or the affected person who lodged the business rescue application has the right to make the alternative appointment, depending on whether the business rescue is voluntary or compulsory, there is a need to go beyond this decision by rethinking who can be appointed as a business practitioner and well as the delegative authority of the courts. Using the classical India approach and international best practices, this case note advances the need to amend the Companies Act provisions governing the appointment of a business rescue practitioner to achieve better perpetuity and obviate the disruptions of companies’ rehabilitative process.
UPROOTING A CULTURE OF GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN SOUTH AFRICA: CRITICAL APPROACHES TO BAIL, POLICING AND AWARENESS
Authors: Nortje Windell , Hull Shane
Published: July 2024

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a serious and systemic problem in South Africa. The government has attempted to address the problem by introducing several initiatives including sexual offences courts, and various laws aimed at protecting women and children. However, the recent reform is not sufficient. Only a limited number of bail reforms were introduced. This article proposes several additional bail reforms aimed at protecting women and children against GBV. Also, more proactive measures need to be undertaken to reduce GBV. This includes reform in the South African Police Service (SAPS) and awareness campaigns. These initiatives are important because they target GBV at its roots. First, the article provides a brief overview of the culture of GBV and the efforts of the South African government to curb it. This is followed by an analysis of how bail proceedings can be amended to have a greater impact on GBV prevention. The article then analyses proactive measures geared towards improving the role of the SAPS, and promoting awareness campaigns to combat the scourge of GBV.
TINDER SWINDLERS: SUBSTANTIVE AND PROCEDURAL MATTERS PERTAINING TO ONLINE DATING FRAUD UNDER THE COMMON LAW AND THE CYBERCRIMES ACT
Authors: Van der Linde Dr Delano Cole
Published: July 2024

The proliferation of online dating scams or fraud has presented a significant threat to users of online dating platforms globally. Scammers misrepresent themselves as would-be lovers, usually employing false identities, in order to defraud unsuspecting victims of large sums of money. Not only do romance scammers cause great financial harm to their victims, but also often leave victims with long-term psychological scars. As both the common law and the Cybercrimes Act 19 of 2020 address instances of fraud, both may potentially be employed to address the issue of online dating fraud. The State may charge an accused with both offences, but a conviction based on both would probably constitute a duplication of convictions. The offence of cyber fraud under the Cybercrimes Act may however be more onerous to prove, owing to the particular way that cyber fraud must be committed under section 8. A conviction based on the Cybercrimes Act may, however, be more attractive to the State as certain minimum sentences apply, depending on the amount defrauded, whether the accused was a law enforcement officer, whether someone was in charge of or had access to the data belonging to others, and whether the offence was committed in concert with others.
ESORFRANKI PIPELINES (PTY) LTD v MOPANI DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY [2022] ZACC 41
Authors: Andre Mukheibir
Published: July 2024

The Constitutional Court, in the recent case of Esorfranki Pipelines (Pty) Ltd v Mopani District Municipality ([2022] ZACC 41), had to decide whether a tenderer, whose tender failed as a result of the intentional misconduct of the State, could claim damages in delict from the State for loss of profits (par 1).
The High Court and the Supreme Court of Appeal both applied the res iudicata rule, holding that the matter had already been raised. In both instances the courts also found that wrongfulness and causation had not been proven.
The Constitutional Court, in applying the principle of subsidiarity, held that wrongfulness had not been proven.
The purpose of the case note is to show that the reasons advanced by the courts for not allowing the delictual claim, are based on incorrect applications of the legal principles.
CHERISHING CUSTOMARY LAW: THE DISPARITY BETWEEN LEGISLATIVE AND JUDICIAL INTERPRETATION OF CUSTOMARY MARRIAGES IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Charles Maimela  , Ntebo Lauretta Morudu
Published: July 2024

The constitutional recognition of customary law in South Africa has opened a new conduit for the development of customary law. With the courts taking the lead in addressing customary law disputes, the interpretation of customary law has come with setbacks. This article argues that the development and reform strides made by the judicial and legislative institutions appear of modest benefit to the people they strive to protect, advance and regulate, especially during interpretation and reform. The article seeks to confront the judicial interpretation of customary law based on the recent High Court case of Sengadi v Tsambo. The court had to consider an application for four types of relief. The court deviated from the factual nature of customary law in relation to a spouse’s burial rights when it concluded that a valid customary marriage and all the validity requirements outlined under the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act had been met. Indicating the factuality of customary law when it relates to marriage and its link to burial rights, “that a male descendant of the household belongs to his paternal family, his place and existence being one with his paternal roots. His right to belong to his paternal family is absolute and customary.” The above ignored, yet crucial cultural practice informs the interpretation of customary law under the constitutional guise. The Constitution affirms the right to practise and observe one’s culture. In Sengadi v Tsambo, to determine the burial rights of a spouse, the court employed a narrow and strict interpretation instead of interpreting the cultural practice of bridal integration against a holistic customary background. The article advocates for courts to adopt purposive interpretational approaches in reforming customary law. It emphasises for the consideration of the interpretational rules and theoretical frameworks proposed by legal scholars to reflect the factual nature of customary law. As the positivist approach to customary law undermines the pluralistic nature of the South African legal system. The article pioneers for the recognition of living customary law as holistic, and an integral normative system of indigenous people of South Africa, while taking into account the history and context of this legal system.
CLARIFYING THE LAW OF COMPLICITY S v Mbuyisa [2023] ZAKZPHC 132; 2023 JDR 4950 (KZP)
Authors: Shannon Hoctor
Published: July 2024

The single perpetrator is the paradigmatic offender. Apart from very limited exceptions, all the elements of criminal liability, including both actus reus and mens rea, apply to the perpetrator, and a conviction cannot ensue unless the presence of each element is established, and the blameworthiness of the accused is duly considered to be proved beyond reasonable doubt. The problems posed by complicity (more commonly described as participation in South African law) emerge where more than one person is involved in criminal conduct, and yet, the rules governing criminal liability in respect of groups of two or more offenders do not admit of collective responsibility, but depend on the individual contribution of the participant to the criminal enterprise, and the application of the elements of liability to such contribution.The question of the operation of the rules governing co-perpetrator liability and common purpose has frequently arisen in the courts and in academic writing on criminal law. These issues once again arose for consideration in the recent case of S v Mbuyisa ([2023] ZAKZPHC 132; 2023 JDR 4950 (KZP)), which is discussed below.