bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Securing Cloud Data with Machine Learning: Development and Evaluation of an Automated Categorization System
Authors: Pali Pankaj , Verma Saurabh
Published: August 2024

Cloud computing has dramatically transformed data storage, management, and accessibility. However, it also introduces substantial security challenges, particularly regarding data protection. This study presents the development and implementation of a machine learning-based data categorization approach to enhance cloud data security. The proposed framework leverages machine learning algorithms to automatically classify data into various security levels, enabling more effective and targeted security measures. This method streamlines data management processes while ensuring the protection of sensitive information from unauthorized access and breaches. The framework achieves a high accuracy rate of 97.6%, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.409 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.203, demonstrating its effectiveness. These results highlight the potential of machine learning to address the complex and evolving security needs of cloud environments.
Sustainable Building Solutions: Recycled
Glass Fibers in Concrete
Authors: Tiwari Manish , Tiwari Vaibhav , Khare Arun Kumar , Tiwari Preeti , Jain Pranshul
Published: August 2024

The integration of recycled materials into construction practices has become a crucial aspect of
sustainable development. This research paper explores the use of recycled glass fibers in concrete as a sustainable
building solution. Recycled glass fibers offer an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional construction
materials by reducing waste and enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete. The paper examines the benefits,
challenges, and performance of recycled glass fibers in concrete, including their impact on strength, durability, and
sustainability. Through experimental data and analysis, this study highlights the potential of recycled glass fibers in
contributing to sustainable building practices
Preparation Techniques of Graphene Oxide: A Review
Authors: Sharma1 Arti , Tiwari Ashish
Published: August 2024

Graphene oxide (GO) is a versatile material derived from graphite, consisting of single-layer carbon
atoms densely packed into a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. It possesses a range of applications in various fields
such as electronics, energy storage, and biomedical engineering due to its unique properties like high surface area,
excellent mechanical strength, and good electrical conductivity. The preparation of graphene oxide typically involves
several key steps, by which a bulk graphene oxide produces.
Analysis of Layered Beam Behavior with ANSYS
Authors: Verma Parth , Tiwari Manish , Hoonka Vaibhav , Khare Arun Kumar , Mishra Gurusharan , Sirbaiya Bhupendra
Published: August 2024

Reinforced concrete structures are becoming increasingly significant in both civil and industrial construction, especially with advancements in new concrete materials technology. Properly designed layered or infilled sections can enhance crack resistance, as well as improve the shear and flexural behavior of beam members. This study uses ANSYS 2021 R2 software to analyze and compare the bending stresses, shear stress, and deflection of simply supported homogeneous beams made from conventional solid concrete and those made from brick-filled layered composites. The findings indicate that brick-filled layered beams exhibit improved shear and flexural behavior. The substitution of lightweight materials like bricks in the midsection results in fewer stresses near the neutral axis. Additionally, brick-filled beams reduce the overall structure weight and are more economical.
Amerikos lietuvių tautinės sąjungos įkūrimas 1949 metais: JAV lietuvių tautininkų organizacijų suvienijimas
Authors: Skirius Juozas
Published: August 2024

JAV lietuviai tautininkai, 1941 m. pasitraukę iš bendros JAV lietuvių politinės organizacijos Amerikos lietuvių tarybos, pradėjo savarankišką politinę veiklą kovodami dėl Lietuvos nepriklausomybės. Įkūrė savo organizacijas: 1941 m. – Lietuvai vaduoti sąjungą, prie kurios buvo įkurta American Friends of Lithuania, 1943 m. – Amerikos lietuvių tautininkų centrą, 1944 m. – Amerikos lietuvių misiją. 1946–1947 m. susilpnėjęs tautininkų judėjimas ir nuolatinis išeivijos bei Europos lietuvių reiškiamas noras matyti JAV lietuvių politinės veiklos vienybę, vertė tautininkus keisti savo poziciją. 1947 m. prasidėjo JAV lietuvių tautininkų vadų derybos su ALT vadovybe dėl tautininkų sugrįžimo į ALT, su sąlygomis: a) susijungti tautininkų organizacijoms ir b) atskirai nebevykdyti politinės veiklos. 1948–1949 m., praktiškai metus, vyko nelengvas tautinių organizacijų reorganizacijos darbas, kuris baigėsi bendru Seimu, vykusiu 1949 m. gegužės 21–22 d., kuomet buvo įkurta bendra tautininkų organizacija – Amerikos lietuvių tautinė sąjunga. Daugiausia nuveikė tautininkų lyderiai Antanas Olis, Pijus J. Žiūris, Juozas Bačiūnas, Kazys Karpis, Vincas Rastenis, Albinas S. Trečiokas, Juozas Ginkus ir kt. Tautininkų atstovai įėjo į ALT kaip ketvirtoji dalis šalia katalikų, socialistų ir sandariečių. ALTS pagal savo programą įsipareigojo plačiai vykdyti lietuvybės stiprinimo išeivijoje darbą, o ALT sudėtyje – dalyvauti Lietuvos laisvinimo veikloje. JAV lietuvių istorijoje šie klausimai giliau netyrinėti, nors šaltinių yra pakankamai.
Editorial: Special focus on promoting access to basic education through the law in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Skelton Ann , Veriava Faranaaz , Mutu Perekeme
Published: August 2024

There is broad acceptance that the right to basic education is a fundamental multiplier right. However, the implementation of the right to education has still not been fully achieved in sub-Saharan Africa. Over the last two decades, educational development has witnessed notable improvement in Africa, as the number of children accessing school at all levels has increased. Despite this considerable gain, equal access to quality education remains far from being achieved. This is evidenced in a 2022 report released by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) on out-of-school children, which indicates that an estimated 244 million children between the ages of six and 18 years worldwide were not attending school. Ninety-eight million of these children reside in sub-Saharan Africa. There have also been further setbacks due to the COVID-19 pandemic which impeded the progress of many children at school, and caused many to disengage. Without urgent political will and investment in education, the situation will likely get worse as the region faces a rising demand for education due to an expanding school age population. This requires a scaling up of education by the public sector. A further risk is the spread of low fee private schooling which, while it may serve a purpose on a temporary basis, endangers the public system if it is unregulated or causes governments to cut back on planning, budgeting and spending on public education.
Two-temperature reagent-free ion-exchange purification of lithium chloride from impurities
Authors: Gavlina Olga T. , Ivanov Vladimir A.
Published: August 2024

The development of natural hydro-mineral raw materials for the isolation of lithium is complicated by its separation and purification from the accompanying compounds of sodium, magnesium, calcium and other substances. Mixed solutions are also formed during the regeneration of lithium from various used products. Ion exchange is often used as a solution to such problems. However, in traditional ion-exchange processes it is necessary to use auxiliary reagents for their regeneration. In the present study, we considered the possibility of using the reagentless two-temperature ion exchange method for purification of lithium from ions of the first and second groups. A scheme of reagentless purification of 1 N LiCl solution from CaCl2 and KCl impurities was proposed and experimentally confirmed. This scheme includes successive operations of two-temperature ion-exchange purification from CaCl2 by the parametric pumping method using polymethacrylic cation exchanger and subsequent two-temperature ion-exchange purification from KCl by the parametric pumping on synthetic zeolite A. The differential enthalpy value of exchange of calcium ions for lithium ion from a solution containing 1.0 N LiCl – 0.020 N KCl – 0.01 N CaCl2, amounting to 7.7 kJ/g-eq, was determined. It was shown that with increasing temperature, the selectivity of the exchange of lithium and potassium ions on zeolites A and X decreases significantly. This effect is characterized by high values of the differential exchange enthalpy ~ -20 kJ/g-eq.
A study of sorption processes in chromato-desorption systems based on nanostructured polymer sorbent Polysorb-1
Authors: Platonov Igor A. , Novikova Ekaterina A. , Kolesnichenko Irina N. , Karsunkina Alesya S. , Margaryan Asthik E.
Published: August 2024

The optimization of various methods for obtaining standard gas mixtures is required due to increased accuracy and speed when calibrating analytical instruments. In analytical practice, there are many methods for obtaining gas mixtures containing volatile organic compounds that meet existing standards for metrological support of gas analysis, in particular, the chromatography-desorption method.
The purpose of the study was investigation of the processes occurring in a chromatography-desorption system based on the nanostructured polymer sorbent Polysorb-1, in order to optimize the chromatography-desorption method for producing standard gas mixtures.
The object of the study was chromatography-desorption systems, metal tubes of various lengths filled with nanostructured polymer sorbent Polysorb-1. In this study, it was proposed to eliminate the chromatography-sorption stage to increase the speed of the process of obtaining SGM. Instead, a certain volume of a volatile component (hexane) in a liquid state with a volume of 10–500 μl was added to the initial section of the system using an automatic dispenser. After this, the CDS was connected to an air compressor.
The experimental study of the resulting CDS consisted of varying the gas flow rate passing through the system, the length of the CDS, and the amount of hexane placed in the system.
It has been established that a decrease in the flow rate of gas passing through the CDS led to an increase in the time of maintaining a quasi-constant concentration of the analyte in the gas phase, while the average concentration changed slightly. An increase in the amount of hexane introduced into the system led to an increase in the concentration of the analyte in the resulting mixture and an increase in the time of maintaining a constant concentration. However, when a certain amount of introduced hexane was reached (in the studied system it was 100 μl), the concentration of the volatile component in the resulting gas mixture did not change, and the time to maintain a constant concentration increased.
Surgical treatment and outcome of spinal arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Yudistira Andhika , Asmiragani Syaifullah , Satriawan Muammar Ery
Published: August 2024

Aim A rare and diverse set of abnormalities formed by spinal blood arteries known as spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) has a higher risk of haemorrhage and morbidity, causing the shunting of blood from veins with an aberrant capillary bed to arteries. Knowledge of the vascular anatomy of spinal AVMs and the spinal cord's vascular supply is crucial to its therapy. The aim of this study was to report a case of SAVM healing after surgical excision, highlighting the importance of surgical excision in treating these rare lesions.
Methods A 56-year-old male with progressive bilateral lower extremity weakness and numbness was diagnosed with spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (SAVM). A thoracolumbar spine MRI was performed, and a vascular lesion was found. The feeding artery was coagulated and incised, and the surrounding hematoma was removed. Spinal cord arteriovenous malformation was diagnosed postoperative-ly. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the SF-36 questionnaires assessed functional outcomes and physical functioning in individuals with acute or chronic low back pain.
Results In the reported case, the aneurysm showed spontaneous regression at follow-up after surgical removal of the AVM. Post-surgery rehabilitation improved his motor function. After seven months, he showed 90% physical functioning, 75% emotional well-being, 75% social functioning, 87.5% pain, and 55% general health. He could walk with a walking aid and perform daily activities.
Conclusion Treatment strategies for AVM-related spinal aneurysms should be carefully considered. Surgical treatment in several conditions has advantages and is reported to have good outcomes.
Malaysia’s First Record of the Elusive Scaleless Spiny Waspfish Ablabys gymnothorax Chungthanawong & Motomura 2018 (Perciformes, Synanceiidae, Tetraroginae)
Authors: Zainal Abidin Danial Hariz , Mohd. Nor Siti Azizah , Seah Ying Giat , Ali Mohd Sharol , Abdul Latiff Nur Athirah , Roxanne A. Cabebe-Barnuevo , Motomura Hiroyuki , Mat Jaafar Tun Nurul Aimi
Published: August 2024

We document the first record of the Scaleless Spiny Waspfish, Ablabys gymnothorax Chungthanawong & Motomura 2018 (Perciformes, Synanceiidae, Tetraroginae), from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This species was previously documented in Japan, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Two specimens were collected with one was trawled from the South China Sea Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) during a bottom trawl survey and the other was collected at Kuantan fish landing port, Pahang. These findings not only document the first country record but also suggest A. gymnothorax manifests a broader geographic distribution across the Indo-Pacific than previously recognized. Diagnostic characters are provided for both documented individuals, alongside detailed morphometric and meristic data.
Rawatan Plasma Nitrogen Suhu Bilik untuk Peningkatan Fungsi Penyembuhan Pembalut Luka
Authors: Mohd Akhiri Anin Sofya , Abdul Aziz Luqman Hakimi , Abd Hair Ainul Hafiza , Zakaria Sarani , Awang Rozidawati
Published: August 2024

Pembalut luka kain kasa digunakan dalam pengurusan luka didapati tidak mampu mengekalkan persekitaran yang optimum untuk penyembuhan luka. Untuk mengatasi isu ini, rawatan plasma nitrogen tanpa terma telah dikenakan ke atas pembalut luka kain kasa menggunakan sistem pemendapan wap kimia secara peningkatan plasma berfrekuensi radio (RF-PECVD). Penyelidikan ini mengkaji kesan kuasa frekuensi radio (RF) yang berbeza (50, 60, 70, 80 dan 90 W) semasa rawatan plasma untuk mengenal pasti kuasa RF yang optimum dalam meningkatkan fungsi kain kasa sebagai pembalut luka yang ditentukan oleh sifat permukaan fabrik tersebut. Mikroskop elektron pengimbasan pancaran medan (FESEM) dan spektroskopi transformasi Fourier inframerah (FTIR) masing-masing telah digunakan untuk mengkaji morfologi dan ikatan kimia sampel tanpa rawatan dan sampel dengan rawatan plasma nitrogen. Imej daripada FESEM menunjukkan struktur gentian kain beralur dengan rekahan mikro pada semua permukaan sampel yang dirawat. Rekahan mikro yang paling ketara diperhatikan pada sampel yang dirawat dengan kuasa RF 50 W, 60 W dan 70 W. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan keamatan kumpulan berfungsi O-H dan C-O untuk sampel dengan rawatan plasma berbanding tanpa rawatan. Sampel yang dirawat dengan RF 70 W mempunyai kumpulan berfungsi C-N dan N-H dengan keamatan tertinggi. Kumpulan berfungsi tersebut berupaya menyumbang kepada peningkatan potensi kelekatan sel, kebolehbasahan dan biokeserasian fabrik. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kesan kuasa RF semasa rawatan plasma nitrogen mampu mengubah suai sifat permukaan kain kasa seterusnya berpotensi meningkatkan fungsi fabrik tersebut sebagai pembalut luka.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Preliminary Evaluation of Bis-Indolylmethane Derivatives as Colorimetric Sensor for Metal Ions Detection
Authors: Tengku Md Fauzi Tengku Sarah , Ahmad Zaki Zunnur Alwani , Wan Anuar Wan Nur Afiqah , Azhari Syaza , Abdul Razak Nurul Hidayah , Misral Nadrahtul Huda
Published: August 2024

Heavy metal ions such as copper, chromium, and manganese are very harmful to both the environment and living organisms. Their presence in excess amount can harm the liver, kidneys, lungs, and other vital organs. A colorimetric sensor based on bis-indolylmethane (BIM) derivatives was preliminary studied to investigate their ability as a heavy metal ionophore with existence of H-bonding interactions between the indolic N–H functional groups and the metal ions. Five different BIM derivatives were synthesised involving condensation reaction between 2-methylindole and different substituted benzaldehydes, and were characterised using 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy to confirm their molecular structure. Colorimetric sensing analysis involving metal screening with Cu2+, Mn2+ and Cr6+ ions via naked eye study showed compounds 1 and 5 had the most intense colour change, hence having the highest possibility to make interaction or to be bound to the metal ions. A further binding interaction study was conducted using UV-Vis titration analysis between compound 1 with the metal ions involving Cu2+ and Mn2+ and compound 5 with Cr6+, respectively, proved the synthesized BIM derivatives to act as a potential heavy metal ions colorimetric sensor.
Shear Bond Strength of Different Adhesive Systems to Silver Diamine Fluoride - Treated Carious Dentine
Authors: Ahmad Aimi Amalina , Yahya Noor Azlin , Yeoh Oon Take , Yap Adrian U-jin
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin composite to silver diamine fluoride (SDF)-treated carious dentine using different adhesive systems and established their failure modes. A total of 75 sound premolars were randomly assigned as follows (n=15); sound dentine with universal adhesive (UA) and etchant (Group A), SDF-treated carious dentine with UA and etchant (Group B), UA without etchant (Group C), glass ionomer (Group D) and alloy (Group E) adhesive systems. Groups B, C, D, and E were subjected to pH cycling to form artificial caries. Resin composite cylinders were bonded to the occlusal surfaces of the treated teeth. The SBS was established using a universal testing machine with shear load of 500N and crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data for SBS and failure modes were analysed using One-way ANOVA and Pearson Chi-square test, respectively. For SDF-treated carious dentine, Group C presented the highest SBS, followed by Groups B, E, and D. The SBS of Group D and E were significantly lower than Groups A, B, and C. No significant difference in SBS was found between Groups A, B and C. While Group B had significantly fewer adhesive failures, the proportion of mixed failures was statistically insignificant among the different groups. Resin composite cohesive failures were only observed in Group B. In conclusion, UA without etchant is preferred when bonding resin composite to SDF-treated carious dentine. Failure modes were related to the type of adhesive system utilized.
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Effectiveness and Cytotoxicity of Wound Care Solution
Authors:   Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Published: August 2024

The process of wound healing relies heavily on the continual viability of healthy tissues and the prevention of bacterial infection. Dermacyn™ wound care solution, featuring a patented Microcyn technology, stands out as a super-oxidised disinfectant solution designed to address ulcers, wounds, cuts and burns. This research undertook an assessment of the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial effectiveness of commercially available Dermacyn™ with varying shelf lives through in vitro assays. Three different Dermacyn™ products, each with distinct shelf lives, were utilised and subjected to testing. The assessment of cytotoxicity was executed on the Medical Research Council cell strain 5 (MRC-5) cell line using flow cytometry alongside LIVE/DEAD cell viability assays. Simultaneously, the antimicrobial efficacy against wound pathogens was evaluated through the suspension test plate count method. The findings revealed that the products exhibited remarkably low cytotoxicity, registering less than 1% of cell death on MRC-5 cells. Moreover, they exhibited significant antimicrobial efficacy, achieving a notable 3-log reduction in colony-forming units (CFU) following a five-minute exposure to 20 challenge strains. Nevertheless, it was observed that both cytotoxicity and antimicrobial efficacy experienced a decline as the product approached its expiry date. In conclusion, Dermacyn™ wound care solution emerges as a remarkably safe option for human cells, boasting a high level of antimicrobial efficacy. It effectively met the fundamental requirements for wound care solutions and management, providing a promising avenue for promoting optimal healing conditions.
The Outcome of Medical Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) poses significant challenges in clinical management, particularly concerning the choice of medical modalities and their efficacy in achieving symptom resolution and regression of hyperplastic changes. To address this, we conducted a retrospective study at Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM) to investigate the outcomes of various medical treatments for EH with/without atypia over a 10-year period from 2007 to 2017. Patient’s clinical background and endometrial tissue biopsy results were obtained from medical records and histopathological laboratory respectively. We analysed the type and duration of medical treatments, as well as symptoms regression and outcome of the treatments. A total of 86 women received treatment for EH with average age of 48.2 + 12.3 (median 46) years. Of these, 65 (75.6%) had EH without atypia, and 21 (24.4%) had atypical EH. All women had their symptoms resolved in less than 6 months of treatment, with varying duration depending on different regimes used. Levonogestrel-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) had symptoms resolved by 3 to 6 months (p<0.01) while intramuscular Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA) (2 in 86) had resolution of symptoms in less than 3 months. Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) analogue and oral progestogen had different duration of response rate between 0-6 months. LNG-IUS failed to achieve endometrial regression in 12.5% and 23.3% with oral progestogen. LNG-IUS, GnRH analogue and MPA had acceptable regression rate of EH. Oral progestogen had the highest failure rate in achieving EH regression. This is likely due to compliance issue with oral treatment.
La desvinculación del concesionario y el traspaso del riesgo operacional a la Administración pública
Authors: Fernández García José Francisco
Published: August 2024

Cuando la concesión de una obra pública se extingue por renuncia unilateral o insolvencia del contratista, opera una consecuencia que el concesionario no siempre acostumbra a considerar, y es que el riesgo operacional que asume cuando resulta adjudicatario puede constituir para él un serio quebranto si aquel se hace recaer, finalmente, en la propia Administración pública. El objeto de este trabajo es analizar de qué forma el traspaso de ese riesgo operacional, al frustrarse las expectativas del estudio económico del contrato, incide sobre la imputabilidad de las causas de resolución de la concesión de obra pública y, especialmente, sobre los efectos que se pueden derivar de ese hecho en relación con los daños y perjuicios que se irrogan al órgano de contratación.
Wound healing activity of topical Phaleria macrocarpa extract in type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Sulistyoningrum Evy , Rosmelia Rosmelia , Fidianingsih Ika , Narantika Shindy Galuh , Cleopatra Neysa Nurprahutri , Azzahra Fathimah
Published: August 2024

BackgroundHyperglycemia interrupts wound healing, causing persistent and non-healing wounds. Phaleria macrocarpa extract (PME) has anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess P. macrocarpa activity on skin wound healing in diabetic rats.
MethodsAn experimental study performed on 25 male Wistar rats. Ointments were prepared by adding vehicle (w/w) to PME at the desired concentration. Diabetes was induced by injecting rats with nicotinamide (NAD) 230 mg/kg and streptozotocin (STZ) 65 mg/kg. After hyperglycemia was confirmed, animals were randomly grouped into: i) normal rats, ii) diabetic rats; iii) diabetic rats + 2.5% ointment; iv) diabetic rats +5% ointment; and v) diabetic rats +10% ointment. Full-thickness skin wounds were induced on the dorsum and treatment was applied daily for 3 and 7 days, respectively. On days 4 and 8, wound closure was measured and animals were sacrificed for tissue samples. Wound healing was evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) in tissue homogenates of the dermal wounds and analyzing histological changes by hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius-red staining.
ResultsPME 10% ointment improved MDA levels and wound closure of inflammatory and proliferation phases. In inflammatory phase, 5% and 10% ointment reduced inflammation severity compared with diabetic rat group (p<0.05). In proliferation phase, PME 10% ointment group had a higher wound histological score (characterized by epidermal regeneration, fibroblast count, granulation tissue, and angiogenesis), and higher collagen bundle density compared with untreated groups (p<0.05). 
ConclusionsTopical P. macrocarpa improves inflammatory and proliferation phases of excision wound healing in type 2 diabetes.
Molecular characterization of proteolytic bacteria associated with Malaria vectors: Anopheles sundaicus and Anopheles vagus
Authors: Senjarini Kartika , Labes Antje , Wathon Syubbanul , Oktarianti Rike , Raras Tri Yudani Mardining , Ardyah Naura Paramitha Cindy , Agustin Dita Paramytha , Ainiyah Durotun , Utami Diah Ayu
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUNDAnopheles (An.) sp. transmits Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. In its life cycle in the mosquito’s body, Plasmodium passes through 2 mosquito organs, namely the salivary glands and midgut. The bacterial community (symbiont bacteria) in these organs has been known to influence and/or inhibit the development of the Plasmodium life cycle by producing specific proteases. This research aims to isolate and characterize symbiotic bacteria with proteolytic activity from 2 important malaria vectors in Indonesia: An. sundaicus and An. vagus.
METHODSA total of 183 bacterial originating from the salivary glands and midgut were successfully isolated. Initial screening was carried out based on morphological differences, followed by purification of the selected isolates to obtain single colonies. The selected isolates were then subjected to an initial proteolytic ability test using skim milk agar media. Only isolates with proteolytic activity were further characterized with the 16SrDNA molecular marker. The isolates were pabs5 from the salivary glands and pabs3 from the midgut of An. vagus, while pdbs3 and ecbs4 were isolates from the salivary glands and midgut of An. sundaicus.
RESULTSMorphological and molecular characterization showed that both pabs5 and pabs3 isolates were Pseudomonas(Ps.) aeruginosa, while ecbs4 was Enterobacter cloacae and pdbs3 was Pantoea dispersa. These species werefirst discovered in Anopheles vagus and Anopheles sundaicus.
CONCLUSIONThe ability of Ps. aeruginosa and Pantoea dispersa to produce proteases indicated their potential role in the exploration of new strategies to control mosquito vectors that transmit pathogens.
Law of Digital Markets
Authors: Biryukov Aleksey
Published: August 2024

This is a review of the session on “Law of Digital Markets”, which was part of the Postgraduate Legal Forum “Transformation of Modern Law: Trends, Benchmarks, Solutions”, organized by the State Academic University for the Humanities, GAUGN (Russia, Moscow, June 25, 2024). The main topics for discussion were digital property, decentralized autonomous organizations, personal data protection, fintech, and the challenges of regulating artificial intelligence. The session participants noted the need for coordinated work of the academic community, legislature, and agencies to develop consistent legal regulation for new digital technologies that meets the current interests of citizens, businesses, and the state.
Evaluating Neural Network Techniques in Intrusion Detection Systems: A Focus on CNN and Hybrid Strategies
Authors: Mahto Kunal , Dutta Subhash Chandra , Manjhi Laljee
Published: August 2024

Purpose of Study: The increasing focus on Artificial Intelligence (AI) worldwide has brought about potential benefits, but it also poses significant risks, especially in network security.
Methodology: This study adopts a detailed comparative approach to evaluate the effectiveness of various Neural Network (NN) techniques in the context of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). The research focuses on four specific NN architectures: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Deep Neural Networks (DNN), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). Each of these techniques is applied to different intrusion detection scenarios, using real-time network data.
Result: The results indicate that different Neural Network techniques have varying levels of effectiveness in intrusion detection. Deep Neural Networks (DNN) demonstrated the highest accuracy in detecting complex threats, while Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) were highly effective in pattern recognition within network traffic. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) performed well in temporal analysis of data, making them suitable for detecting persistent threats over time.
Application of Study: The findings of this study are significant for the development of more sophisticated Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) that can be applied in real-time network security environments.
Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis of multiple Neural Network techniques within the context of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). By comparing ANN, DNN, CNN, and RNN techniques, the study provides valuable insights into how AI can be leveraged to improve real-time network security.
Navigating the Implementation Challenges of AI-Based Decision Support Systems in Higher Education
Authors: Paul Kalyan , Kujur Abhay Gyan P. , Tiwari Rajesh Kr , Pandey Vijay
Published: August 2024

Purpose of Study: The study aims to develop an AI-driven decision support system tailored to the specific needs of higher education institutions. This system is designed to assist administrators, educators, and stakeholders in making informed decisions related to student enrollment, course planning, resource allocation, academic performance, and institutional effectiveness.
Methodology: The study employs a comprehensive framework that integrates machine learning algorithms, data analytics, and predictive modeling to process vast amounts of data from diverse sources within higher education. The system incorporates adaptive learning algorithms to personalize student experiences, optimize curricula, and identify at-risk students for intervention. Ethical considerations are embedded in the system design, ensuring fairness, accountability, and transparency.
Results: The proposed decision support system demonstrated its potential to enhance decision-making processes by providing actionable insights into student performance, faculty effectiveness, and resource utilization. The system proved effective in supporting both administrative and academic decisions, while prioritizing ethical standards such as fairness and transparency.
Implication of Study: The implementation of this AI-based decision support system has significant implications for higher education institutions. It offers the potential to transform decision-making processes, improve institutional effectiveness, and personalize student experiences. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of collaboration between data scientists, educators, and administrators to maintain ethical standards and ensure data integrity and security.
Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its tailored approach to higher education, incorporating adaptive learning and ethical decision-making principles within an AI-based system. This comprehensive model not only supports traditional decision-making processes but also addresses emerging challenges in higher education by leveraging data-driven insights and advanced machine learning techniques.
The Burden of Proof in Disputes over Acknowledgment of Legal Relations as Labor Ones
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Central Branch, Romanovskaya Natalya A.
Published: August 2024

The judicial practice of considering disputes regarding the recognition of legal relations as labor relations was analyzed. It is concluded that the establishment of a presumption of labor relations meets the social purpose, goals and objectives of labor legislation, and in order to consolidate the positive dynamics of the practice of resolving this category of labor disputes, it is advisable to consolidate this presumption at the legislative level.
Hired Labor and Entrepreneurial Risk: Legal Issues of the Correlation
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Labor Law of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Linets Aleksandr A.
Published: August 2024

The exercise of employer power is associated with the adoption and implementation of managerial decisions to determine the quantitative and qualitative parameters of local labour organization, as well as with the legal mediation of these decisions. Such mediation takes place within the framework of various legal constructions, the application of which is allowed by labour legislation and law enforcement practice. The employer's choice of a particular legal structure for legal registration of a particular managerial decision is closely related to the realisation of its interests (primarily economic), which may lead to a worsening of the employee's position in terms of the use of alternatives, based on the intended purpose of the legal norms enshrining them and the rights and guarantees provided. Formal inconsistency of the employer's actions with the "letter" of the law allows him to make attempts to shift the entrepreneurial risk to employees in terms of using the most economically favourable legal structure to the detriment of the employee's position. In this connection, the teleological interpretation of the possibility of the employer's application of certain legal constructions is of particular importance.
Actual Admission of an Employee to Work Within the Framework of the Concept of Transactions in Russian Labor Law
Authors:   Head of the Department of Civil Law of the Crimean Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Agashev Dmitry V.
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to an intersectoral analysis of the problem of the legal nature and consequences of an employer's refusal to recognize an employment relationship as having arisen with improper actual admission of an employee to work. An attempt has been made to adapt certain elements of the civilistic theory of transactions for the formation and development of appropriate industry tools using the example of improper actual admission of an employee to work. The necessity of modifying the currently used methods of legal protection is stated, as well as proposals for improving labor legislation in this area are formulated.
Working Ability and Working Capacity of Minor Employees
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil and International Law of the Nizhny Novgorod Institute of Management, Averyanova Maria I.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the problem of legal regulation of child labor from the standpoint of recognizing them as subjects of labor relations. It has been revealed that in the absence of legislative restrictions regarding the establishment of a minimum age for entering into an employment relationship, the legal capacity of minors in this area arises from the moment of birth, while at the conclusion of an employment contract their legal capacity is limited. Due to the physiological characteristics of minors (lack of ability to work from an economic point of view), their labor function can be realized mainly only through the exhibition of a work or a game, which requires additions to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation regarding the participation of legal representatives and bodies from the state in matters of execution, modification and termination of such labor contracts.
Pemanfaatan TIK pada Pembelajaran Biologi Guru SMA di Kecamatan Ilir Barat I Kota Palembang
Authors: Afriyanty Ayu , Anwar Yenny , Destiansari Elvira
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pemanfaatan TIK oleh guru Biologi di SMA Kecamatan Ilir Barat I Palembang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai Juli 2022. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif. Teknik penentuan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah sekolah menengah atas di Kecamatan Ilir Barat I. Sampel pada penelitiaan ini adalah lima SMA di Kecamatan Ilir Barat I, yang terdiri dari dua SMA terakreditasi A, dua SMA terakreditasi B, dan satu SMA terakreditasi C. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu angket respon guru dan peserta didik, wawancara dengan guru biologi dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, indikator literasi TIK memperoleh hasil sebesar 88% kategori sangat tinggi, pemanfaatan TIK pada perencanaan 89% kategori sangat tinggi, pemanfaatan TIK pada pelaksanaan 88% kategori sangat tinggi, pemanfaatan TIK pada evaluasi 86% kategori sangat tinggi, dan hambatan penggunaan TIK 43% kategori rendah. Hasil angket peserta didik menunjukan bahwa, indikator pemanfaatan TIK pada pelaksanaan memperoleh hasil sebesar 75% kategori tinggi, pemanfaatan pada evaluasi 72% kategori tinggi, dan motivasi belajar 78% kategori tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat pemanfaatan TIK pada pembelajaran terkategori sama pada tiap sekolah meskipun memiliki akreditasi yang berbeda.
Variasi Konsentrasi Senyawa Fitokimia Sirih Merah Dan Pelarut Heksana Menggunakan Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Wicaksono Ardian Trio
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk optimalisasi metode penetapan senyawa fitokimia dalam sirih merah (Piper crocatum) menggunakan teknik maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksana dan Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) melalui berbagai variasi konsentrasi. Sirih merah dikenal memiliki senyawa fitokimia sehingga berpotensi dalam pengembangan metode ekstraksi.  Diperlukan analisis yang mendalam untuk pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif terhadap komposisi kimia tanaman ini terutama mempertimbangkan variasi konsentrasi dalam sampel. Penelitian terhadap komposisi fitokimia dalam sirih merah menjadi sangat penting dalam upaya memahami potensinya pada kesehatan dan produk herbal lainnya. Daun sirih merah dihaluskan dan diekstraksi dengan pelarut n-heksana melalui metode maserasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan variasi konsentrasi (volume/volume) pada larutan ekstrak yang dihasilkan. Kemudian, dilakukan analisis GC-MS pada setiap variasi konsentrasi untuk memperoleh profil senyawa fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksana efektif dalam mengekstraksi senyawa-senyawa fitokimia dari sirih merah. Variasi konsentrasi yang tepat pada 400/1000 sampai dengan 600/1000. Variasi konsentrasi dalam analisis GC-MS memberikan informasi tambahan mengenai respons senyawa-senyawa terhadap perubahan konsentrasi sehingga memperkaya pemahaman kita tentang komposisi kimia tanaman ini. Hasil ini diharapkan dapat mendukung pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang pemanfaatan sirih merah secara optimal dalam bidang penelitian, praktikum, farmasi dan produk kesehatan berbasis herbal.
Kreasi Produk Ramah Lingkungan dengan Optimalisasi Biji Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) melalui Proses Biorefinery
Authors: Rosana Rosana , Rasyada Amrinda , Hasriati Hasriati , Irawati Ratna Kartika
Published: August 2024

Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) menjadi salah satu komoditas unggulan sektor perkebunan Indonesia. Pemanfaatan karet biasanya hanya difokuskan pada pengambilan getah pohon, sedangkan biji karet tidak mempunyai nilai ekonomis selain sebagai benih generatif pohon karet, sehingga biji karet belum termanfaatkan secara optimal dan dianggap sebagai limbah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghasilkan berbagai produk ramah lingkungan dengan mengoptimalisasi biji karet melalui proses biorefinery yaitu biodiesel, briket, dan pupuk organik cair. Proses mengolah biodiesel dari biji karet yaitu dengan mengepres biji karet yang sudah dilepaskan dari cangkangnya, dilanjutkan dengan proses degumming dan reaksi transesterifikasi. Proses tersebut menghasilkan limbah cangkang biji karet dan ampas biji karet. Cangkang biji karet diolah menjadi briket dengan proses pengarangan, pengayakan, pencampuran bahan, pencetakan briket, dan pengeringan. Proses pengolahan ampas biji karet menjadi pupuk cair organik yaitu dengan menambahkan larutan EM4 dan kotoran ayam, kemudian difermentasi selama 3 minggu. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu minyak biji karet yang berpotensi menjadi biodiesel, briket, dan pupuk organik
Upaya Pendampingan Belajar Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di MI Sabilal Muttaqin, Desa Mantuyan, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Ikrimah Ikrimah , Kholifah Kholifah , Annisa Nor , Mawaddah Mawaddah , Sadiq Muhammad Rauuf , Fadillah Muhammad Arief , Azmi Muhammad Haikal , Rijali Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) merupakan anak yang memiliki suatu keistimewaan atau karekteristik yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan anak normal pada umumnya. Pada hal pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus juga memerlukan lingkungan yang tepat sesuai dengan kondisi yang dimilikinya, sehingga perlu dilakukan pendampingan belajar bagi ABK. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membantu mengatasi masalah yang dialami pihak sekolah dan juga untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif bagi anak. Pengabdian dilakukan di MI Sabilal Muttaqin, Desa Mantuyan, Kec. Halong, Kab. Balangan selama 1 bulan yang dimulai dari tanggal 15 Oktober - 15 November 2022. Metode yang digunakan dalam proses pengabdian ini adalah melalui metode Participatory Action Research (PAR). Secara umum, dalam melakukan Participatory Action Research (PAR), terdapat beberapa urutan tindakan, mulai dari tahap observasi, refleksi, rencana tindakan hingga implementasi program. Upaya pendampingan yang akan dilakukan pertama, membantu mengajar anak ABK untuk mengenal huruf, angka, warna, dan binatang. Kedua, membantu mengajar anak ABK untuk berhitung dan berdoa sebelum serta sesudah pelajaran. Ketiga, membantu untuk mengolah perilaku anak ABK ke arah yang lebih baik. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu anak ABK sudah mulai membiasakan diri untuk berdoa sebelum dan sesudah belajar, mampu mengembalikan barang milik temannya, bisa duduk dengan tenang saat belajar dan bisa mengikuti tulisan yang ada di papan tulis.
PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN KITAB KUNING PROGRAM TAKHASHUS DI MA’HAD AL-JAMI’AH AL-ALY UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN) MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG
Authors: Mubarok Ahmad Fahmi
Published: August 2024

The yellow book learning is the hallmark of pesantren, and is even one of the most appropriate media for strengthening student character, in addition to the formation and development of values ​​taught in pesantren. The Takhashsus program at Ma'had Al-Jami'ah Al-Aly UIN Malang with a student background studying in different majors applies a learning model with the sorogan method that is adapted to the busy student activities. As a Ma'had under the auspices of the campus, Ma'had Aly UIN Malang makes the Takhashsus program a means to monitor the reading ability of Mahasantri books by emphasizing linguistic aspects and understanding abilities. Another goal is to improve the ability to read the book by habituation. The results of the research through observations and interviews showed that the problems faced in learning the yellow book were low motivation, limited teaching staff, non-conducive time and place and an unsupportive social environment.
 
Abstrak
Pembelajaran kitab kuning menjadi ciri khas pesantren, bahkan salah satu media yang paling tepat penguatan karakter siswa, selain pembentukan dan pembinaan tata nilai yang diajarkan di pesantren. Program Takhashsus di Ma’had Al-Jami’ah Al-Aly UIN Malang dengan latar belakang Mahasantri yang berkuliah di jurusan yang berbeda-beda menerapkan model pembelajaran dengan metode sorogan yang disesuaikan dengan kegiatan Mahasiswa yang padat. Sebagai Ma’had yang berada di bawah naungan kampus, Ma’had Aly UIN Malang menjadikan program Takhashsus sebagai sarana untuk memantau kemampuan baca kitab Mahasantri dengan menekankan pada segi linguistik dan kemampuan pemahaman. Tujuan lainnya adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan baca kitab dengan cara pembiasaan. Hasil riset melalui observasi dan wawancara menunjukkan bahwa problematika pembelajaran kitab kuning yang dihadapi adalah rendahnya motivasi, terbatasnya tenaga pengajar, waktu dan tempat yang tidak kondusif dan lingkungan sosial yang kurang mendukung.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK MENURUT PEMIKIRAN KH. HASYIM ‘ASY’ARI SERTA RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Afrivina Eva
Published: August 2024

This research was carried out with the objectives of: (1) Knowing how the concept of moral education of students according to KH. Hasyim 'Asy'ari. (2) Knowing the relevance of the participants' concept of moral education to character education in Indonesia. The type of research used is qualitative using a combination of library and field research with descriptive and analytic research methods. The data sources used are the book Adab al-Alim wa Al-Muta'alim and the results of interviews with Mr. Mulyadi (religious leader) and Mr. Syihabbudin (PAI teacher). The results of the research that has been done are as follows: (1) The moral concept of students according to KH. Hasyim 'Asy'ari contained in the book Adab al-Alim wa Al-Muta'alim, namely: The concept of the morals of students towards themselves and the concept of moral education of students towards educators. (2) The moral concept of students according to KH. Hasyim 'Asy'ari as stated in his book, is very relevant to the character education proclaimed by the government, and is even able to synergize well and be able to complement each other in efforts to develop the character of students. The relevance to character education obtained in this study is: religious character, tolerance, discipline, hard work, independence, curiosity, respect for achievement, friendly/communicative, and social care
Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan: (1) Mengetahui bagaimana konsep pendidikan akhlak peserta didik menurut pemikiran KH. Hasyim ‘Asy’ari. (2) Mengetahui relevansi konsep pendidikan akhlak peserta tersebut dengan pendidikan karakter di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif menggunakan kombinasi riset kepustakaan dan lapangan dengan jenis metode penelitian deskriptif dan analitik. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah kitab Adab al-Alim wa Al-Muta’alim serta hasil awancara dengan bapak Mulyadi (tokoh agama) dan bapak Syihabbudin (guru PAI). Hasil dari penelitian yang sudah dilakukan sebagai berikut: (1) Konsep akhlak peserta didik menurut pemikiran KH. Hasyim ‘Asy’ari yang terdapat dalam kitab Adab al-Alim wa Al-Muta’alim, yaitu: Konsep akhlak peserta didik terhadap diri sendiri dan Konsep pendidikan akhlak peserta didik terhadap pendidik. (2) Konsep akhlak peserta didik menurut pemikiran KH. Hasyim ‘Asy’ari yang tertuang dalam kitabnya, sangat relevan dengan pendidikan karakter yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah, bahkan mampu bersinergi dengan baik dan mampu saling melengkapi dalam upaya pembinaan karakter peserta didik. Adapun relevansinya dengan pendidikan karakter yang didapat dalam penelitian ini yaitu: karakter religius, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, mandiri, rasa ingin tahu, menghargai prestasi, bersahabat/ komunikatif, dan peduli sosial.