bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The combination of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin e-cigarette aerosols induces airway inflammation and mucus hyperconcentration
Authors: Kim Michael D. , Chung Samuel , Baumlin Nathalie , Qian Jian , Montgomery Robert N. , Sabater Juan , Berkland Cory , Salathe Matthias
Published: January 2024

Despite concerns over their safety, e-cigarettes (e-cigs) remain a popular tobacco product. Although nicotine and flavors found in e-cig liquids (e-liquids) can cause harm in the airways, whether the delivery vehicles propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG) are innocuous when inhaled remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of e-cig aerosols generated from e-liquid containing only PG/VG on airway inflammation and mucociliary function in primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) and sheep. Primary HBEC were cultured at the air–liquid interface (ALI) and exposed to e-cig aerosols of 50%/50% v/v PG/VG. Ion channel conductance, ciliary beat frequency, and the expression of inflammatory markers, cell type-specific markers, and the major mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B were evaluated after seven days of exposure. Sheep were exposed to e-cig aerosols of PG/VG for five days and mucus concentration and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity were measured from airway secretions. Seven-day exposure of HBEC to e-cig aerosols of PG/VG caused a significant reduction in the activities of apical ion channels important for mucus hydration, including the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and large conductance, Ca2+-activated, and voltage-dependent K+ (BK) channels. PG/VG aerosols significantly increased the mRNA expression of the inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL6), IL8, and MMP9, as well as MUC5AC. The increase in MUC5AC mRNA expression correlated with increased immunostaining of MUC5AC protein in PG/VG-exposed HBEC. On the other hand, PG/VG aerosols reduced MUC5B expression leading overall to higher MUC5AC/MUC5B ratios in exposed HBEC. Other cell type-specific markers, including forkhead box protein J1 (FOXJ1), keratin 5 (KRT5), and secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1) mRNAs, as well as overall ciliation, were significantly reduced by PG/VG exposure. Finally, PG/VG aerosols increased MMP-9 activity and caused mucus hyperconcentration in sheep in vivo. E-cig aerosols of PG/VG induce airway inflammation, increase MUC5AC expression, and cause dysfunction of ion channels important for mucus hydration in HBEC in vitro. Furthermore, PG/VG aerosols increase MMP-9 activity and mucus concentration in sheep in vivo. Collectively, these data show that e-cig aerosols containing PG/VG are likely to be harmful in the airways.
Hydrothermal fabrication, characterization and RSM optimization of cobalt-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles for antibiotic photodegradation under visible light
Authors: Meky Asmaa I. , Hassaan Mohamed A. , Fetouh Howida A. , Ismail Amel M. , El Nemr Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Photodegradation is considered a significant method engaged for the elimination of organic pollutants from water. In this work, hydrothermal cobalt-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Hy-Co–ZnO NPs) loaded with 5, 10, and 15% cobalt were prepared in a hydrothermal way and were investigated as a photocatalyst for the Ciprofloxacin (CIPF) degradation under visible irradiation using LED-light. Characterization approaches such as FTIR, XRD, XPS, DRS UV–vis spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, BET, EDX and TGA were used for the investigation of the fabricated Hy-Co–ZnO NPs. The studies indicated that 10% Hy-Co–ZnO NPs was the most efficient catalyst for the CIPF photolysis compared to ZnO NPs and other Hy-Co–ZnO NPs with 5 and 15% cobalt content. Higher photocatalytic activity (> 98%) of 20 mg/L of CIPF solution was attained within 60 min. The reaction kinetics showed that the first-order model is suitable for displaying the rate of reaction and amount of CIPF elimination with R2 = 0.9883. Moreover, Central composite design (CCD) optimization of the 10% Hy-Co–ZnO NPs was also studied.
Investigating the effect of changing the substrate material analyzed by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy on the antenna performance
Authors: Abdel Halim Ashraf S. , Abdel-Salam Zienab , Abdel-Harith Mohamed , Hamdy Omnia
Published: January 2024

Miniaturized microstrip antennas are efficiently utilized in MICS band wearable and implantable medical applications. However, the properties of the materials employed for antenna fabrication influence its resultant parameters and play a vital role in its performance. Rogers have been widely used as a substrate material in various antenna designs. In this work, a proof of concept study has been conducted to determine how altering the substrate used in antenna construction affects antenna performance. Using the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) approach, the elements present in the two distinct substrate raw materials were compared to investigate potential effects on the antenna’s performance. Given their accessibility and widespread use, two types of Rogers’ substrates, RO 3210 and RO 4003, were selected. Furthermore, two identical antenna designs were modeled and fabricated using the two substrate materials. The reflection coefficient (S11) and other antenna parameters were determined and compared. Moreover, the recorded LIBS spectra were evaluated using principle component analysis and partial least square regression techniques. The LIBS spectra showed different copper and iron contents between the two Rogers (i.e., other dielectric properties), leading to a frequency shift. Additionally, impurities in the fabricated material increase the possible losses. Consequently, the elemental contents of the utilized Rogers control the antenna’s performance and can ensure its safety in wearable and implant applications.
A new approach to three-dimensional microstructure reconstruction of a polycrystalline solar cell using high-efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2
Authors: Song Chang-Yun , Maiberg Matthias , Kempa Heiko , Witte Wolfram , Hariskos Dimitrios , Abou-Ras Daniel , Moeller Birgit , Scheer Roland , Gholinia Ali
Published: January 2024

A new method for efficiently converting electron backscatter diffraction data obtained using serial sectioning by focused ion beam of a polycrystalline thin film into a computational, three-dimensional (3D) structure is presented. The reported data processing method results in a more accurate representation of the grain surfaces, reduced computer memory usage, and improved processing speed compared to traditional voxel methods. The grain structure of a polycrystalline absorption layer from a high-efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell (19.5%) is reconstructed in 3D and the grain size and surface distribution is investigated. The grain size distribution is found to be best fitted by a log-normal distribution. We further find that the grain size is determined by the [Ga]/([Ga] + [In]) ratio in vertical direction, which was measured by glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy. Finally, the 3D model derived from the structural information is applied in optoelectronic simulations, revealing insights into the effects of grain boundary recombination on the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell. An accurate 3D structure like the one obtained with our method is a prerequisite for a detailed understanding of mechanical properties and for advanced optical and electronic simulations of polycrystalline thin films.
Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of tumor suppressive effects of GZ17-6.02 against mycosis fungoides
Authors: Bordeaux Zachary A. , Reddy Sriya V. , Choi Justin , Braun Gabriella , McKeel Jaimie , Lu Weiying , Yossef Selina M. , Ma Emily Z. , West Cameron E. , Kwatra Shawn G. , Kwatra Madan M.
Published: January 2024

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Despite having a wide variety of therapeutic agents available for the treatment of MF, patients often suffer from a significant decrease in quality of life and rarely achieve long-term remission or complete cure, highlighting a need to develop novel therapeutic agents for this disease. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a novel anti-tumor agent, GZ17-6.02, which is composed of curcumin, harmine, and isovanillin, against MF in vitro and in murine models. Treatment of HH and MyLa cells with GZ17-6.02 inhibited the growth of both cell lines with IC50 ± standard errors for growth inhibition of 14.37 ± 1.19 µg/mL and 14.56 ± 1.35 µg/mL, respectively, and increased the percentage of cells in late apoptosis (p = .0304 for HH; p = .0301 for MyLa). Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that GZ17-6.02 suppressed several pathways, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-ɑ signaling via nuclear factor (NF)-kB, mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)1, and Pi3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. In a subcutaneous tumor model, GZ17-6.02 decreased tumor volume (p = .002) and weight (p = .009) compared to control conditions. Proteomic analysis of tumor samples showed that GZ17-6.02 suppressed the expression of several proteins that may promote CTCL growth, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)1, MAPK3, Growth factor receptor bound protein (GRB)2, and Mediator of RAP80 interactions and targeting subunit of 40 kDa (MERIT)40.
Multi-channel feature extraction for virtual histological staining of photon absorption remote sensing images
Authors: Boktor Marian , Tweel James E. D. , Ecclestone Benjamin R. , Ye Jennifer Ai , Fieguth Paul , Haji Reza Parsin
Published: January 2024

Accurate and fast histological staining is crucial in histopathology, impacting diagnostic precision and reliability. Traditional staining methods are time-consuming and subjective, causing delays in diagnosis. Digital pathology plays a vital role in advancing and optimizing histology processes to improve efficiency and reduce turnaround times. This study introduces a novel deep learning-based framework for virtual histological staining using photon absorption remote sensing (PARS) images. By extracting features from PARS time-resolved signals using a variant of the K-means method, valuable multi-modal information is captured. The proposed multi-channel cycleGAN model expands on the traditional cycleGAN framework, allowing the inclusion of additional features. Experimental results reveal that specific combinations of features outperform the conventional channels by improving the labeling of tissue structures prior to model training. Applied to human skin and mouse brain tissue, the results underscore the significance of choosing the optimal combination of features, as it reveals a substantial visual and quantitative concurrence between the virtually stained and the gold standard chemically stained hematoxylin and eosin images, surpassing the performance of other feature combinations. Accurate virtual staining is valuable for reliable diagnostic information, aiding pathologists in disease classification, grading, and treatment planning. This study aims to advance label-free histological imaging and opens doors for intraoperative microscopy applications.
Functionally-selective inhibition of threshold sodium currents and excitability in dorsal root ganglion neurons by cannabinol
Authors: Ghovanloo Mohammad-Reza , Effraim Philip R. , Tyagi Sidharth , Zhao Peng , Dib-Hajj Sulayman D. , Waxman Stephen G.
Published: January 2024

Cannabinol (CBN), an incompletely understood metabolite for ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol, has been suggested as an analgesic. CBN interacts with endocannabinoid (CB) receptors, but is also reported to interact with non-CB targets, including various ion channels. We assessed CBN effects on voltage-dependent sodium (Nav) channels expressed heterologously and in native dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Our results indicate that CBN is a functionally-selective, but structurally-non-selective Nav current inhibitor. CBN’s main effect is on slow inactivation. CBN slows recovery from slow-inactivated states, and hyperpolarizes steady-state inactivation, as channels enter deeper and slower inactivated states. Multielectrode array recordings indicate that CBN attenuates DRG neuron excitability. Voltage- and current-clamp analysis of freshly isolated DRG neurons via our automated patch-clamp platform confirmed these findings. The inhibitory effects of CBN on Nav currents and on DRG neuron excitability add a new dimension to its actions and suggest that this cannabinoid may be useful for neuropathic pain.
Conflict detection and resolution in macaque frontal eye fields
Authors: Yao Tao , Vanduffel Wim
Published: January 2024

Stimulus-induced conflicts in decision-making tasks produce both behavioral and neuronal congruency effects. However, how and when conflicts are detected and resolved at the neuronal level remains largely unclear. To address these issues, we recorded from single neurons in the frontal eye fields of two macaques performing a conflict task. Although the temporal dynamics of the neuronal congruency effects are independent of the specific task rules, they are substantially different in target- and distractor-encoding neurons. Conflicts were detected ~100 ms after the conflict-inducing cue (20–30 ms after the visual response), which is much faster than predicted based on human EEG results. This suggests that conflict detection relies on a fast mechanism in frontal eye fields. Resolving the conflict at the neuronal level, however, requires between <400 ms to ~1000 ms, and shows profound interindividual differences and depends on task rules, indicating that it is a more complex and top-down driven process. Our findings illuminate the neuronal mechanisms underlying decision-making when a conflict is present, a crucial cognitive process playing a role in basic survival and high-level cognitive functions.
Transfer semi-hydrogenation of terminal alkynes with a well-defined iron complex
Authors: Chowdhury Deep , Goswami Souvik , Krishna Gamidi Rama , Mukherjee Arup
Published: January 2024

A bench stable iron(ii) complex with the pincer ligand backbone was synthesized and characterized. The well-defined iron complex was successfully utilized for the dehydrogenation of DMAB and subsequent transfer semi-hydrogenation of terminal alkynes.
Macroscale preparation of CoS2 nanoparticles for ultra-high fast-charging performance in sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Yan-Fen , Zhang Tian , Zhang Huan-Huan , Huang Ting-Ting , Wang Kai , Song Yue-Xian , Liang Jun-Fei , Zhang Yan-Gang , Fan Wei , Zhong Xiao-Bin
Published: January 2024

Improving the fast-charging capabilities and energy storage capacity of electric vehicles presents a feasible strategy for mitigating the prevalent concern of range anxiety in the market.
Development of a novel Eu2+ activated oxonitridosilicate cyan phosphor for enhancing the color quality of a violet-chip-based white LED
Authors: Dong Langping , Gao Jinqing , Guo Yijia , Hou Jingshan , Shao Baiqi , Fang Yongzheng
Published: January 2024

A novel Eu2+ activated oxonitridosilicate cyan phosphor for enhancing the color quality of a violet-chip-based white LED was developed.
Design and fabrication of MoO42−-intercalated LDH nanosheets coated on Co9S8 nanotubes with enhanced cycling stability for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Lei , Chen Linli , Chen Hao , Li Guochang , Zhao Wenna , Han Lei
Published: January 2024

The core–shell structure of MoO42−-intercalated LDHs coated on Co9S8 nanotubes was rationally designed and prepared to improve their electrochemical performance and cycling stability by adjusting the composition of LDHs.
A review of modulation strategies for improving the catalytic performance of transition metal sulfide self-supported electrodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Liu Qianqian , Liu Kehan , Huang Jianfeng , Hui Chiyuan , Li Xiaoyi , Feng Liangliang
Published: January 2024

This paper summarizes five strategies for improving the activity and stability of transition metal sulfide self-supported electrodes. The key problems and challenges for the future development of electrocatalysts for the HER are also presented.
Carbone stabilized B2 and B22+ – isoelectronic analogues to diborabutyne and diborabutatriene
Authors: Gopinath Jishnu Sai , Vadakkathodika Naseeha , Parameswaran Pattiyil
Published: January 2024

Carbone ligands in stabilizing diboron in its neutral and dicationic states.
Does green mean clean? Volatile organic emissions from regular versus green cleaning products
Authors: Harding-Smith Ellen , Shaw David R. , Shaw Marvin , Dillon Terry J. , Carslaw Nicola
Published: January 2024

Cleaning products emit a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including some which are hazardous or can undergo chemical transformations to generate harmful secondary pollutants.
A mesh reinforced pressure-sensitive adhesive for a linerless label design
Authors: Brogden Emily M. , Wilson Paul F. , Hindmarsh Steven , Hands-Portman Ian , Unsworth Andrew , Liarou Evelina , Bon Stefan A. F.
Published: January 2024

A hard mesh with embedded adhesive makes a linerless stick-on-demand label possible.
Identification of novel phenylalanine derivatives bearing a hydroxamic acid moiety as potent quorum sensing inhibitors
Authors: Tung Truong Thanh , Quoc Thang Nguyen , Cao Huy Nguyen , Bao Phuong Pham , Ngoc Minh Dinh , Hai Nam Nguyen , Nielsen John
Published: January 2024

Phenylalanine derivatives bearing a hydroxamic acid moiety as potent quorum sensing inhibitors.
Proteome- and metabolome-level changes during early stages of clubroot infection in Brassica napus canola
Authors: Adhikary Dinesh , Mehta Devang , Kisiala Anna , Basu Urmila , Uhrig R. Glen , Emery RJ Neil , Rahman Habibur , Kav Nat N. V.
Published: January 2024

Root proteome and metabolite changes in early stages of P. brassicae infection in B. napus. Proteins related to primary and secondary metabolites & selected metabolites (e.g. sphingolipids, fatty acids, nucleosides and nucleotides) were identified.
Modulation of calcium signaling and metabolic pathways in endothelial cells with magnetic fields
Authors: Gorobets Oksana , Gorobets Svitlana , Polyakova Tatyana , Zablotskii Vitalii
Published: January 2024

Magnetic field switches the frequency bands of calcium waves, thereby changing/closing enzyme activity and metabolic pathways.
Tailoring giant quantum transport anisotropy in nanoporous graphenes under electrostatic disorder
Authors: Alcón Isaac , Cummings Aron W. , Roche Stephan
Published: January 2024

We demonstrate, via large-scale quantum transport simulations, that quantum interference engineering permits realizing giant transport anisotropy in nanoporous graphenes under the presence of electrostatic disorder.
A generic approach based on long-lifetime fluorophores for the assessment of protein binding to polymer nanoparticles by fluorescence anisotropy
Authors: Ahmed Marwa A. , Hessz Dóra , Gyarmati Benjámin , Páncsics Mirkó , Kovács Norbert , Gyurcsányi Róbert E. , Kubinyi Miklós , Horváth Viola
Published: January 2024

Using long-lifetime fluorophores as protein labels, protein–nanoparticle interactions can be monitored through anisotropy change. Besides gaining thermodynamic and kinetic information on the binding process, competitive protein assays can be set up.
Unveiling a robust and high-temperature-stable two-dimensional ZnAl layered double hydroxide nanosheet based flexible triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Ritu  , Badatya Simadri , Patel Manoj Kumar , Gupta Manoj Kumar
Published: January 2024

Triboelectric nanogenerators have the ability to harvest low- and mid-frequency vibrational energy from the environment; however, achieving stable performance of the nanogenerator device in high-temperature conditions remains challenging.
Organocatalyzed diastereoselective cyclization of β-alkyl nitroolefins with alkylidene malononitriles: new approach to azetidine nitrones and isoxazoles
Authors: Rathor Shikha S. , Patel Ashvani K. , Samanta Sampak
Published: January 2024

An organocatalytic domino reaction of β-alkyl nitroolefins with alkylidene malononitriles to give azetidine nitrones with good diastereoselectivities is reported. The in situ-generated nitrones were transmuted into isoxazoles catalyzed by acid.
Resonant Raman scattering on graphene: SERS and gap-mode TERS
Authors: Kurus N. N. , Kalinin V. , Nebogatikova N. A. , Milekhin I. A. , Antonova I. V. , Rodyakina E. E. , Milekhin A. G. , Latyshev A. V. , Zahn D. R. T.
Published: January 2024

Nanoscale deformations and corrugations occur in graphene-like two-dimensional materials during their incorporation into hybrid structures and real devices, such as sensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS-based sensors).
Exploring g-C3N4 as a green additive for biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) film with enhanced UV shielding and mechanical properties
Authors: Zhang Maolin , Zhang Yining , Liu Qi , He Wen-Qing , Liu Jialei
Published: January 2024

g-C3N4 has been demonstrated as a potential anti-photoaging agent for biodegradable PBAT composites by utilizing its advantages of high chemical stability, good mechanical properties, and good UV light absorption ability.
The use of banana peel as a low-cost adsorption material for removing hexavalent chromium from tannery wastewater: optimization, kinetic and isotherm study, and regeneration aspects
Authors: Ameha Bereket , Nadew Talbachew Tadesse , Tedla Tsegaye Sissay , Getye Belay , Mengie Destaw Agumass , Ayalneh Shiferaw
Published: January 2024

When the concentration of hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) in the environment is greater than a certain limit, it becomes a global concern.
Ultrasmall cerium oxide nanoparticles as highly sensitive X-ray contrast agents and their antioxidant effect
Authors: Ali Al Saidi Abdullah Khamis , Ghazanfari Adibehalsadat , Baek Ahrum , Tegafaw Tirusew , Ahmad Mohammad Yaseen , Zhao Dejun , Liu Ying , Yang Ji-ung , Park Ji Ae , Yang Byeong Woo , Chae Kwon Seok , Nam Sung-Wook , Chang Yongmin , Lee Gang Ho
Published: January 2024

Ultrasmall CeO2 nanoparticles as highly sensitive radioprotective or theranostic X-ray contrast agents.
Crystal structure, optical characterization, conduction and relaxation mechanisms of a new hybrid compound (C6H9N2)2[Sb2Cl8]
Authors: Chaabane I. , Rekik W. , Ghalla H. , Zaghrioui M. , Lhoste J. , Oueslati A.
Published: January 2024

Hybrid materials play a crucial role in the construction of flexible electronic devices due to the advantages of both organic and inorganic components.
Busting the myth of spontaneous formation of H2O2 at the air–water interface: contributions of the liquid–solid interface and dissolved oxygen exposed
Authors: Eatoo Muzzamil Ahmad , Mishra Himanshu
Published: January 2024

The air–water interface is not the site for H2O2(aq) formation; instead, it takes place at the solid–water interface.
The pressure response of Jahn–Teller-distorted Prussian blue analogues
Authors: Boström Hanna L. B. , Cairns Andrew B. , Chen Muzi , Daisenberger Dominik , Ridley Christopher J. , Funnell Nicholas P.
Published: January 2024

Jahn–Teller (JT) distorted CuII-containing compounds often display interesting structural and functional behaviour upon compression.
Constructing interfacial structure of Mo5N6/Ni3N/Ni/NF for efficient and stable electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution under alkaline conditions
Authors: Zhou Yang , Zhou Jing , Boda Muzaffar Ahmad , Zhao Kunfeng , Ma Haojie , Shi Chenhao , Yuan Dingwang , Yi Zhiguo
Published: January 2024

The synergistic effect between Ni3N and Mo5N6, as well as porous morphology of the self-supporting catalyst Mo5N6/Ni3N/Ni/NF, lead to good catalytic activity and stability towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
A highly fluorescent pyridine-ended Y6 derivative as a third component for organic solar cells
Authors: Qiao Yu , Liu Xuan , Li Yang , Guo Xin , Li Can
Published: January 2024

A highly fluorescent molecule (BTP-N) has been synthesized as a third component to enhance EQEEL and thus Voc of ternary organic solar cells (OSCs). An efficiency of 17.5% with an improved Voc of 0.866 V has been obtained from ternary OSCs.
Insights into the plasmonic “hot spots” and efficient hot electron injection induced by Ag nanoparticles in a covalent organic framework for photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Lu Xu , Sun Jiaqi , Wang Cunxia , Dong Pengyu
Published: January 2024

The introduction of Ag NPs onto TpPa-1-COF using the FDTD method leads to enhancements in interfacial electric field intensity distribution and the “hot spot” region, thereby boosting photocatalytic H2 evolution efficiency.
Z-scheme charge transfer between a conjugated polymer and α-Fe2O3 for simultaneous photocatalytic H2 evolution and ofloxacin degradation
Authors: Xiao Ziheng , Xiao Jie , Yuan Luxi , Ai Minhua , Idrees Faryal , Huang Zhen-Feng , Shi Chengxiang , Zhang Xiangwen , Pan Lun , Zou Ji-Jun
Published: January 2024

A Z-scheme pathway of the polymer/Fe2O3 heterojunction is revealed based on work function regulation for simultaneous photocatalytic H2 evolution and ofloxacin degradation.
Fabrication of superaerophobic Ru-doped c-CoSe2 for efficient hydrogen production
Authors: Wei Yujie , Wang Jianying , Shang Yahang , Lv Chang , He Xiaoyang , Wang Tao , Chen Zuofeng , Ji Lvlv , Wang Sheng
Published: January 2024

Ru-doped c-CoSe2 with a superaerophobic leaf-like microarray hollow structure was fabricated to show excellent HER catalytic performance.
Violet phosphorene as a saturable absorber for controllable soliton molecule generation in a mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Pan Han , Ma Xiaoyang , Chu Hongwei , Pan Zhongben , Zhang Jinying , Li Ying , Zhao Shengzhi , Li Dechun
Published: January 2024

Controllable soliton molecules were generated in a Er-doped mode-locked fiber laser with a few-layered violet phosphorene saturable absorber.
Improved electrical performance of ultra-thin BexMg1−xO films using super-cycle atomic layer deposition
Authors: Song Haewon , Wang Bowen , Shin Jonghoon , Park Yu-Kyung , Kim Tae Kyun , Paik Heewon , Seo Haengha , Lim Junil , Kwon Daeson , Lee Keonuk , Kim Young Sin , Shin Dong Hoon , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: January 2024

BexMg1−xO ultra-thin dielectric films, deposited via super-cycle ALD and controlled sub-cycle ratio, show a POT of 3.7 nm, an EOT of 1.3 nm, and low leakage current, suitable for dynamic random access memory.
A rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of phytohormones in the medicinal plant saffron
Authors: Chen Jing , Tao Yuanyuan , Yang Shuhui , Jiang Fengqin , Zhou Guifen , Qian Xiaodong , Zhu Yuehong , Li Liqin
Published: January 2024

A simple, rapid, and accurate UPLC-MS/MS method was established to determine phytohormones in the medicinal plant saffron.
Synthesis of enantioenriched spirocyclic 2-arylpiperidines via kinetic resolution
Authors: Choi Anthony , Das Anjan , Meijer Anthony J. H. M. , Proietti Silvestri Ilaria , Coldham Iain
Published: January 2024

Kinetic resolution of spirocyclic 2-arylpiperidines was achieved with sparteine as a chiral ligand.
Superior energy storage performance of BiFeO3–BaTiO3–CaHfO3 lead-free ceramics
Authors: Zhao Jianwei , Li Hongtian , Du Yuxiao , Chen Xiaoxin , Qin Hailan , Wang Jinming , Yan Tingnan , Yu Shuhui , Hu Yongming , Wang Dawei
Published: January 2024

The CaHfO3-modified BiFeO3–BaTiO3 lead-free ceramic exhibiting superior recoverable energy storage density of 4.70 J cm−3 and efficiency of 79% can be considered as an excellent candidate for energy storage applications.
Assessment of water quality and pollution load in Logung reservoir, Indonesia
Authors: Ihrami Rahmila Yulizar , Rara Palupi Maria , Rahmania Rinny , Suyadi  , Yulianti Mira , Faubiany Varenna , Efiyanti Lisna , Anggraini Indrawan Dian , Pranoto Bono , Marpaung Sutan Sahala Muda , Nurhidayah Midah
Published: January 2024

The Logung Reservoir in Central Java Province is one of 18 new reservoirs developed to support the National Food and Water Security Program. Despite fully operating recently, its water quality is potentially degraded due to existing human activities surrounding this reservoir. Therefore, we conducted a study to assess water quality in this reservoir (from November 2019 to January 2020) and biological productivity status using the Trophic Level Index (TLI) based on the value of brightness, chlorophyll-a, total nitrogen, and total phosphate. The STORET technique with Class II water quality criteria is used to determine water quality based on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. This study indicates that general water quality status is classified as class C (moderate) or moderately polluted, with a score of -18 to -20. Parameters that exceed the threshold are Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and total P, possibly due to high organic matter from residential and agricultural areas. As for biological productivity, the analysis shows that the waters of Logung Reservoir can be categorized as oligotrophic, with TLI values ranging from 2.6 to 2.8. This study should be conducted regularly since its results are useful for reservoir managers in formulating strategies to improve and maintain water quality standards so that the reservoir can function properly.
Dense Neural Network for Classification of Seafloor Sediment using Backscatter Mosaic Feature
Authors: Khomsin  , Guruh Pratomo Danar , Aldila Syariz Muhammad , Hana Hariyanto Irena , Candra Harisa Hessi
Published: January 2024

Water transportation plays a vital role in global economic activities, facilitating more than 85% of international trade and serving as a cost-effective and essential means to fulfill the demand for goods and services. Similarly, the Benoa Port, situated in the southern part of Denpasar City, operates in the same manner. By utilizing Multibeam Echo Sounder (MBES) backscatter data, backscatter mosaics can be generated to identify various seafloor sediment types, which consist of rock fragments, minerals, and organic materials. The characteristics of these sediments, such as grain size, density, composition, and others, can be observed. To improve the classification of sediments, the integration of backscatter data and backscatter features, such as ASM (Angular Second Moment), Energy, Contrast, and Correlation, can be employed. Supervised classification models like Dense Neural Network (DNN) can be utilized to accurately determine the types of seafloor sediments. The application of DNN modeling resulted in a training accuracy rate of 88% and a testing accuracy rate of 100%. The accuracy results delineated six distinct sediment types. Notably, sandy silt exhibited the highest distribution, accounting for 49.30%, whereas soft clayey silt registered the lowest distribution at 0.53%, as determined by their respective spatial prevalence.
Distribution of the invasive polychaete Hypania invalida (Grube, 1860) against the background of the benthic fauna in the upper Oder River catchment (Poland)
Authors: Krodkiewska Mariola , Cebulska Klaudia , Gajda Łukasz , Świątek Piotr
Published: January 2024

Biological invasions are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity, economic development, and human health. Therefore an important challenge is to understand the mechanisms and factors that facilitate the spread of invasive species. The Ponto-Caspian polychaete Hypania invalida is one of the invaders that have been colonizing the river systems in Europe since the 1950s. The research aim was to map the distribution of H. invalida in the upper Oder and associated aquatic environments, to assess the contribution of H. invalida to the benthic fauna, to identify environmental factors linked to the occurrence of H. invalida, and to provide genetic markers that can be used to identify H. invalida and monitor its dispersal. H. invalida was found at two sites in the canalized section of the upper Oder and one site at the initial section of the Gliwice Canal. It was found at low abundance and coexisted with other alien macroinvertebrates. H. invalida was not recorded in any smaller river, whether natural, semi-natural, or anthropogenically modified. Apart from the watercourse width, no significant relationships between this polychaete and habitat drivers were found. Genetic analysis showed that the amplified cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 18S gene fragments showed no sequence variation across all analyzed specimens. Further research is needed to follow the spread of H. invalida in the upper Oder River catchment, as at high densities it can adversely affect inhabited ecosystems.
Monitoring of distortions and interferences in ASK-modulated currents of railway signaling systems
Authors: Havryliuk Volodymyr , Radzikhovskyi Kostiantyn , Voznyak Oleh
Published: January 2024

The problem considered in the work concerns the automation of the monitoring of ACK signals, which are widely used in railway signaling systems, namely in track circuits, due to the simplicity of their generation. Due to the low interference immunity of ACK signals under the influence of traction current and other electromagnetic sources at the railways, malfunctions can occur in the operation of train control systems. To prevent possible failures in the operation of track circuits, measurements of the signal parameters on generators and receivers of track circuits are periodically carried out. Such measurements are mainly made manually, therefore they are expensive and do not provide the necessary accuracy of the results. The problem of automating the control of signals in track circuits is related to the correct choice of characteristic features of signal distortions in order to identify excessive distortions that can lead to failures in the operation of track circuits. The article discusses methods for analyzing the signal current in the time and frequency domains to detect signal distortions. It is shown that in addition to the current measurements of the rms voltage of signals in track circuits, it is necessary to monitoring the voltage levels in the pulses and pauses of the signals, as well as the spectral composition of the signals.
Formation of alternative routes for passenger trains in the event of non-standard situations
Authors: Butko Tetiana , Primachenko Hanna , Tarasov Kyrylo
Published: January 2024

Railway passenger transportation has always had a significant place in the economic, material and technical development of Ukraine. The current conditions are no exception, when in connection with the beginning of a full-scale military invasion of our country, passenger transport assumed responsibility for the timely evacuation of people and their safe relocation to other regions of the country or abroad. Due to the fact that railway transport is of strategic importance for Ukraine, its infrastructure has increased risks of destruction. Each destruction of the railway infrastructure has serious consequences for the organization of the movement of passenger trains, in particular high-speed trains. Therefore, with the aim of reducing the possible costs of organizing the movement of high-speed passenger trains in the event of the destruction of the railway infrastructure and increasing the reliability of the functioning of the high-speed railway passenger transport system in Ukraine, an automated technology for providing an alternative route for the trains of the branch “Ukrainian Railway High-Speed Company” (UZShK) is proposed. The formation of this technology is considered on the example of the most popular passenger direction, namely - Kyiv-Lviv, the topology of which is represented by a weighted graph, where the vertices are railway stations, and the edges are railway sections with a weight in the form of a tuple (time to overcome each section, presence of electrification, bandwidth). The proposed technology also provides for the possibility of attracting additional “shuttle” trains or road transport, in cases where it is necessary to significantly reduce the travel time by an alternative route or the possibility of the arrival of railway transport to the station where it is necessary to board/disembark passengers is excluded. The formalization of this process was carried out by forming an optimization mathematical model according to the criterion of minimum operating costs. The formation of a set of alternative routes was carried out using the adjacency matrix of the graph representing the Kyiv-Lviv transportation direction. The developed technology is proposed to be integrated in the form of a software product for automated workplaces (AWP) of operative personnel in the form of a decision support system (DSP), the algorithm of which is also given in this publication.
Zygomatic implants under local anesthesia: A technical note
Authors: Nicolas Mathilde , Guiol Julien
Published: January 2024

The placement of zygomatic implants is a surgical procedure that is most often performed under general anesthesia, due to the duration and the difficulty of the procedure, and in particular due to the necessity of a significant detachment. However, depending on the operator's experience, this procedure can be performed under local anesthesia. Indeed, this variation offers many advantages. It simplifies the procedure, allows the patient's collaboration as well as a radiological control during the operation and reduces the postoperative effects. It also eliminates any risk related to general anesthesia. It is systematically practiced in our activity with a very good acceptance from the patients.
Ten-year experience of whole lung lavage in pediatric Pulmonary
Alveolar Proteinosis
Authors: Nickel Katja , Schütz Katharina , Carlens Julia , Grewendorf Simon , Wetzke Martin , Keil Oliver , Dennhardt Nils , Rigterink Vanessa , Köditz Harald , Sasse Michael , Happle Christine , Beck Christiane E. , Schwerk Nicolaus
Published: January 2024

Background Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP) is extremely rare and can
be caused by hereditary dysfunction of the granulocyte macrophage
colony-stimulating factor receptor (GM-CSF) receptor, autoantibodies against
GM-CSF, or other diseases leading to alveolar macrophage (AM) dysfunction. This
leads to protein accumulation in the lung and severe dyspnea and hypoxemia.
Whole lung lavage (WLL) is the first line treatment strategy.

Methods Here, we present data from more than ten years of WLL practice in
pediatric PAP. WLL performed by the use of a single lumen or double lumen tube
(SLT vs. DLT) were compared for technical features, procedure time, and adverse
events.

Results A total of n=57 procedures in six PAP patients between 3.5
and 14.3 years of age were performed. SLT based WLL in smaller children was
associated with comparable rates of adverse events but with longer intervention
times and postprocedural intensive care treatment when compared to DLT based
procedures.

Discussion Our data shows that WLL is feasible even in small children. DLT
based WLL seems to be more effective, and our data supports the notion that it
should be considered as early as possible in pediatric PAP.

Conclusion WLL lavage is possible in small PAP patients but should
performed in close interdisciplinary cooperation and with age appropriate
protocols.
Global Research Output of Lutetium-177 PSMA in Prostate Cancer: Bibliometric and Altmetric Analyses
Authors: Al-Rashdan Rakan , Al-Abdallat Haneen , Sathekge Mike Machaba , Mirzaei Siroos , Shahait Mohammed , Al-Khawaldeh Khaled , Abdlkadir Ahmed Saad , Lee Szeting , Al-Ibraheem Akram
Published: January 2024

Aim The integration of innovative radio-pharmaceutical agents targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) within nuclear medicine has transformed prostate cancer detection and management. This study aims to investigate the present landscape of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA in prostate cancer, elucidating trends, global contributions, scholarly outlets, institutions, and thematic concentrations with an aim to inform forthcoming research endeavors.

Methods We systematically probed the Scopus repository for relevant [177Lu]Lu-PSMA literature. An assessment of bibliometric and altmetric data was carried out. Finally, we assessed the correlation between the altmetric attention scores and the number of citations for the retrieved data.

Results Spanning January 2015 to July 2023, the study encompassed 466 articles concerning [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy for prostate cancer. Predominant citation accolades gravitated towards metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer investigations and assessments of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy’s safety and efficacy. Further research encompassed adverse effects linked to [177Lu]Lu-PSMA intervention, including xerostomia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and fatigue. Germany emerged as the primary academic contributor, with The Journal of Nuclear Medicine dominating publications (n = 55). A moderate significant correlation was detected between the number of citations and altmetric attention scores .

Conclusion The findings highlight the growing interest and advancements in the utilization of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy in prostate cancer and offer a comprehensive global perspective on future research directions.
Evaluation der Risikoanalyse bei der Behandlung mit offenen radioaktiven Stoffen in der Nuklearmedizin
Authors: Freudenberg Robert , Kästner David , Kotzerke Jörg , Brogsitter Claudia
Published: January 2024

Ziel Gemäß den Anforderungen des Strahlenschutzrechts hat vor der erstmaligen Behandlung mit radioaktiven Stoffen eine Risikoanalyse (RA) zu erfolgen. Die Durchführung einer solchen RA im Bereich der universitären Nuklearmedizin wurde 2020 publiziert 1. Entsprechend den gesetzlichen Bestimmungen hat eine Aktualisierung bei wesentlichen Änderungen von Teilprozessen zu erfolgen. Spätestens nach 3 Jahren wird eine Überprüfung empfohlen. Die Umsetzung und die Ergebnisse der Aktualisierung werden vorgestellt.

Methodik Es erfolgten schrittweise eine Evaluation der im Rahmen der initialen RA abgeleiteten Maßnahmen, eine Analyse eigener meldepflichtiger Vorkommnisse sowie von Vorkommnissen des BfS-geführten Melde- und Informationssystems für bedeutsame Vorkommnisse bei Strahlenanwendungen am Menschen (BeVoMed). Des Weiteren wurde die RA auf neue Therapien ausgeweitet und Teilbewertungen basierend auf aktuellen Erkenntnissen aktualisiert.

Ergebnisse Die im Rahmen der 2019 durchgeführten RA identifizierten Maßnahmen führten für die Radiojodtherapie, die RSO sowie die SIRT zu einer Reduktion der Risikoprioritätszahlen aufgrund einer Erhöhung der Entdeckungswahrscheinlichkeiten. Ein meldepflichtiges Vorkommnis wurde erkannt und analysiert. Die 3-jährige Erfahrung führte zudem bei vielen Prozessen zu einer Reduktion der Auftretenswahrscheinlichkeit.

Schlussfolgerung Die Aktualisierung der RA hat zu einer Reduktion der Risikoprioritätszahl als Maß für die Risikobewertung geführt, was die hohe Sicherheit bei der Durchführung nuklearmedizinischer Therapien unterstreicht. Dieses Resultat spiegelt sich in der geringen Anzahl gemeldeter nuklearmedizinischer Vorkommnisse des zentralen BeVoMed-Systems wider.
An Electronic Health Record Alert for Inpatient Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccinations Increases Vaccination Ordering and Uncovers Workflow Inefficiencies
Authors: Black Kameron Collin , Snyder Nicole Ashley , Zhou Mengyu , Zhu Zhen , Uptegraft Colby , Chintalapani Ani , Orwoll Benjamin
Published: January 2024

Background Despite mortality benefits, only 19.9% of U.S. adults are fully vaccinated against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The inpatient setting is an opportune environment to update vaccinations, and inpatient electronic health record (EHR) alerts have been shown to increase vaccination rates.

Objective Our objective was to evaluate whether an EHR alert could increase COVID-19 vaccinations in eligible hospitalized adults by prompting providers to order the vaccine.

Methods This was a quasiexperimental pre–post-interventional design study at an academic and community hospital in the western United States between 1 January, 2021 and 31 October, 2021. Inclusion criteria were unvaccinated hospitalized adults. A soft-stop, interruptive EHR alert prompted providers to order COVID-19 vaccines for those with an expected discharge date within 48 hours and interest in vaccination. The outcome measured was the proportion of all eligible patients for whom vaccines were ordered and administered before and after alert implementation.

Results Vaccine ordering rates increased from 4.0 to 13.0% at the academic hospital (odds ratio [OR]: 4.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.39–4.74, p < 0.001) and from 7.4 to 11.6% at the community hospital (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.23–2.13, p < 0.001) after alert implementation. Administration increased postalert from 3.6 to 12.7% at the academic hospital (OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 2.70–3.82, p < 0.001) but was unchanged at the community hospital, 6.7 to 6.7% (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.73–1.37, p = 0.994). Further analysis revealed infrequent vaccine availability at the community hospital.

Conclusion Vaccine ordering rates improved at both sites after alert implementation. Vaccine administration rates, however, only improved at the academic hospital, likely due in part to vaccine dispensation inefficiency at the community hospital. This study demonstrates the potential impact of complex workflow patterns on new EHR alert success and provides a rationale for subsequent qualitative workflow analysis with alert implementation.
Buprenorphine Induction Using Microdosing for the Management of Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy
Authors: Patel Neil B. , Parilla Barbara V.
Published: January 2024

Background Conventional buprenorphine inductions require patients to abstain from full agonist opioids until they experience mild-to-moderate opioid withdrawal. We described a successful buprenorphine induction case in a pregnant patient using microdosing, which avoided withdrawal symptoms.

Case Presentation The patient is a 29-year-old G2P1001 at 18 2/7 weeks of gestation, who desired a switch from methadone to buprenorphine to minimize neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), which complicated her last pregnancy. She was given increasing microdoses of buprenorphine over a 7-day period, while continuing her daily dose of methadone. She discontinued the methadone on day 8. She did well during the week of buprenorphine microdosing, with no complaints of withdrawal or cravings. She was engaged in her prenatal care. Her dose of buprenorphine was increased to 8 mg twice daily in the third trimester for some withdrawal symptoms in the evening consisting of new onset nausea and vomiting.

The patient underwent an elective 39-week induction of labor and had a spontaneous vaginal delivery of an appropriately grown male fetus. Only nonpharmacologic interventions were used.

Conclusion Buprenorphine microdosing was well tolerated in this patient and avoided withdrawal symptoms in the mothers, and NOWS. A microdosing study in pregnancy is indicated