bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON THE GENUS NIPPONOBUPRESTIS OBENBERGER (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE)
Authors: Peng Zhongliang
Published: April 2008

Abstract A study is made with the rare Oriental Buprestidae genus Nippoduprestis Obenberger, 1942. Four new species are described under the names: Nipponobuprcstis rubrocinctus sp. nov., N. guangxiensis sp. nov., N. orientalis sp. nov. and N. bilyi sp. nov. The two historic species N. amabilis (Shell van Voll.), 1864, and N. querceti (Saunders), 1973, are redescribed in the same time. This genus is divided into two subgenera as: Nipponobuprestis s. str. and Nippaobuprestisia subgen. nov.
FIVE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS PYGOPHORA FROM CHINA (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE)
Authors: Cui Yongsheng , Xue Wanqi , Zhang Chuntian
Published: April 2008

Abstract This paper reports five new species of Pygophora Shiner from China, namely P. immacularis Cui et Xue, P. orbiculata Cui et Zhang, P. capitata Cui et Xue, P. digitata Cui et Xue and P. choui Cui et Xue.

The type‐specimens are kept as follows: P. immacularis, in the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica; P. capitata, in the Entomological Museum, Northwestern Agricultural University; the rest, in the Department of Biology, Shenyang Normal College.
OLFACTORY RESPONSE OF THE GRASSHOPPER MELANOPLUS SANGUINIPES TO PLANT ODOURS AND VOLATILE COMPOUNDS
Authors: Kang Le , Charlton Ralph , Hopkins Theodore L.
Published: April 2008

Abstract Electroantennograms (EAGs1 were recorded from male adults of Melanoplus sanguinipes to foliage odours from 5 plant species and 9 volatile compounds as well as their blends. Higher EAG responses were recorded for Louisianna sage and Alfalfa foliages, compared to other three gramineous plants. Among green odour chelricals, 6‐carbon alcohols (e. g. E‐2‐hexen‐1–01 and E‐3‐hexen‐1–01] resulted in the highest EAG responszs. No significant differences among the pentenol, 3‐pentanone and blank control were observed. In ternary and quaternary mixture tests of volatile compounds, the combinations with pentenol did not elicit greater amplitudes; thus pentenol and 3‐pentanone were proved to be unimportant to the response of this generalist grasshopper. The EAG data are discussed with regard to the role of host plant volatiles in host plant orientation and selection by the grasshopper.
CELLULAR AND CHEMICAL SAMPLING DURING PHLOEM FINDING AND HOST‐PLANT ACCEPTANCE BY HOMOPTERAN INSECTS
Authors: Lei Hong , Xu Rumei
Published: April 2008

Abstract The chemical compounds that exist in plant leaf tissue are of great importance for homopteran insects during the proccess of host‐plant acceptance. From the leaf surface to the phloem tube, various groups of chemicals can be detected by insect's receptors which lead to different feeding responses. The effects of sugars and alkaloids in leaf surface; polysaccharides, pH gradients and phenolics in mesophyll; amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates and secondary substances in phloem tube on phloem finding and host‐plant acceptance are reviewed respectively in this paper, which also includes the potential effects of mesophyll structures on insect's feeding preference. Furthermore the mechanism by which the insects perceive these chemical and mechanical cues, correlated with the EPG (electrical penetration graph) patterns (a series of visible signals showing the stylet activities in plant tissue) is also discussed.
PHENOL OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN ANOPHELES SINENSIS AND AEDES ALBOPZCTUS EXPOSED TO MICROFILARIAE OF BRUGIA MALAYI
Authors: Pan Xiaojun , Jin Ping
Published: April 2008

Abstract Phenol oxidase (PO activity was investigated in cell‐free hemolymph collected from Anopheles sinensis and Aedes albopictlcs female adults intrathoracically inoculated with Brugia dayi microfilariae (mff), inoculated with saline alone, or from uninoculated mosquitoes. The activity of PO from uninoculated 1‐day‐old mosquitoes was significantly greater than those of mosquitoes on 3, 12 and 16 day. PO activity in mff‐inoculated A. sinensis at 24 h postinoculation (PI) was 2–3 times higher as compared with uninoculated or saline‐inoculated mosquitoes. Inoculation of B. malayi mff into A. albopictus elicited ?‐fold increase in PO activity at 24 h PI as compared with uninoculated mosquitoes. Immune‐activated levels of PO activity in A. alboplctus was significantly higher as compared with those seen in A. sinensis. The relationship of observed differences in PO activity to differences in immunological capability between A. sinensis and A. albopictus is discussed.
DYNAMICS OF GRASSHOPPER COMMUNITIES UNDER DIFFERENT GRAZING INTENSITIES IN INNER MONGOLIAN STEPPES
Authors: Kang Le , Chen Yonglin
Published: April 2008

Abstract Vegetation and grasshopper community variables were monitored on the natural steppes grazed by livestock in Inner Mongolia, China. The sites sampled belong to 3 vegetation types laid separately in 3 continuums from different grazing intensities. Each continuum consisted of 5 plots along grazing gradients. Within the plots, the species composition, population number and population calorific value of grasshoppers that was converted from their biomass varied sensitively with increase of grazing intensities. The methods of neartude and choosing rules of fuzzy mathematics were used to analyze successive populations of grasshoppers. By combining the gray relation with hierarchic cluster analysis, eleven grasshopper species were divided into 3 grazing guilds based on their responses to grazing. The results from detrended correspondence and the multivariate regression analysis proved that there were close successive relationships among the grasshopper species that varied with the changes of plant species, biomass, height and coverage. The importance of some grasshopper indicators to grassland change is discussed.
THE XIX INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ENTOMOLOGY, BEIJING, CHINA, 1992 — REFLECTING THE CURRENT STATUS OF ENTOMOLOGICAL PROGRAMS IN CHINA
Authors: Chiang) Huaizhang Jiang (H. C. , Chu) Hongfu Zhu (Hongfu
Published: April 2008

Abstract The MX International Congress of Entomology was hosted by China in Beijing, June 28 to July 4, 1992. Because of the strong support of the Chinese government and the enthusiastic cooperation of the entire Chinese entomological community, the congress attracted more participants from more countries than ever before. This report compares the relative strength of Chinese entomological research programs with that of the outside world, the relative strength of different areas of China itself, and the hierarchy, multitude and diversity of institutions involved to varying extent in entomological programs.
NOTES ON THE GENUS TZGRZDEMYZA BIGOT WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FROM CHINA*: (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE)
Authors: Li Qingxi , Liu Yanliang
Published: April 2008

Abstract In this paper, the taxonomy of the genus Tigridemhyia is noted; Tigridemyia acanth of emurilis is described as new to science. The key and distribution of this genus are given. Type specimens are deposited in the Insect Section of SCAU.
ESTIMATION OF ECONOMIC THRESHOLDS FOR GRASSHOPPER DAMAGE ON GRAZING PASTURE IN THE TYPICAL STEPPE OF CHINA*
Authors: Fan Weimin , Li Hongchang , Qiu Xinghui
Published: April 2008

Abstract Almost all of the methods traditionally selected to estimate forage damage caused by grasshoppers in grassland are to determine the forage damage in relation to forage yield in fall. But the damage to standing forage, not the forage yields in fall, should be considered in determining forage damage and economic thresholds in grazing pasture. A new method that combines the field hang‐cage rearing with natural grasshopper population dynamics to evaluate the damage to standing forage was presented in this paper. The complex grasshoppers economic threshold models in grazing pasture can be described as:

a0+ a
1
M
1
+ a
2
M
2+a3S1+a4S2= C

Where M1: biomass of Myrmeleotettix palpalis (Zub.); M2: biomass of Chorthippus dubius (Zub); S1: average individual weight of My. palpalis; S2: average individual weight of Ch. dubius, a0‐a4: constants. The level of grasshopper's infestation was described with regard to both grasshopper density and phenology.
QUANTITATIVE VARIATION OF 20‐HYDROXYECDYSONE IN THE NYMPH OF DERMACENTOR NIVEUS NEUMANN*
Authors: Liu Jingze , Jiang Zaijie , Yun Zihou , Yang Yiping
Published: April 2008

Abstract The variation of 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20 E) levels in the unfed, feeding and engorged nymphs of Dermacentor niveus was studied. The results showed that 20 E existed in all stages of nymphal development. There were two peaks. A small peak (2. 34 ng/nymph) appeared in the feeding period (5 days after attachment) which was connected with the fast feeding before dropping from the host, and a big peak (16.17 ng/nymph) in the moulting period (8 days after engorgement). The latter might be correlated with epicuticle deposition. From the 6th day to the 8th day after engorgement, the level of 20 E rose rapidly. Apolysis occurred in this period.
FLIGHT ACTIVITY AND FATTY ACID UTILIZATION IN MYTHIMNA SEPARATA (WALKER) MOTHS*
Authors: Wang Zongshun , Ouyang Yingchun
Published: April 2008

Abstract The fatty acid (FA) compositions for total lipids from fat body, hemolymph and flight muscle of the armyworm moths, Mythirnna separata, at rest and after tethered flight for 1 h were determined by GC and GC‐MS. The composition in these tissues comprises myristic acid (1%‐2%), palmitic acid (more than 35%1, palmitoleic acid (9%‐11%), stearic acid (less than 1%), oleic acid (about 32%), linoleic acid (12%‐17%) and linolenic acid (3%‐6%). After flight, FA level in the fat body, compared to that at rest, shows a significant decline at about 20 μg/mg tissue.h‐1; the concentration of FAs in hemolymph rises evidently, but change of FA content in flight muscle appears to be small. From the changes of proportional composition of FAs in fat body, hemolymph and flight muscle, it is found that the FAs selectively utilized for flight in flight muscle are predominantly the palmitic acid and oleic acid.
A NEW GENUS AND TWO NEW SPECIES OF COENOSIINI (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE)
Authors: Cui Yongsheng , Xue Wanqi
Published: April 2008

Abstract  A new genus Chouicoenosia and two new species C. recta and C. curva are described. The holotype of C. recta is deposited in the Department of Biology, Shenyang Normal College, and the rest of the type specimens are kept in the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica.
NOTES ON THE GENUS PHILOPTILA MEYRICK AND DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA; LECITHOCERIDAE)
Authors: Wu Chunsheng
Published: April 2008

Abstract  In this paper, 2 new species, Philoptila dolichina and Ph. minutispina are described. The female genitalia are illustrated. Key is provided for all the known 5 species in the world, among them 4 species are only recorded in China and 1 in India.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS PAPIRIOIDES FROM CHINA (COLLEMBOLA: DICYRTOMIDAE)
Authors: Wu Ming , Chen Jiangxiu
Published: April 2008

Abstract  A new species of the subgenus Ptenothrix (Papirioides) is described from Anhui Province, China. It shares many characters with the Hawaiian species serrata Snider and is most similar to the Asian species aequituberculata Stach from North Vietnam except its variable facial setal patterns, larger setae on anterior dorsum of great abdomen and constant setal pattern of ventral dens.
THREE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS DIOSTRACUS FROM SOUTHWEST CHINA (DIPTERA: DOLICHOPODIDAE)*
Authors: Wei Lianmeng , Liu Guobin
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Three new species of the genus Diostracus are described from Southwest China, namely D. albuginosus sp. nov., D. lamellatus sp. nov. and D. dicercaeus sp. nov. The type specimens are deposited in the author's collection.
A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS GRYPOCENTRUS RUTHE (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)
Authors: Sheng Maoling , Pang Hui
Published: April 2008

Abstract  One new species of Grypocentrus, namely G. kasparyani, collected in Shenyang, China, is described.
CONSTRUCTION AND PRIMAL APPLICATION OF A CLONED DNA PROBE FOR OEDALEUS ASIATICUS ENTOMOPOXVIRUS
Authors: Wang Liying , Zhang Minzhao , Gao Lingwang , Song Dunlun
Published: April 2008

Abstract  One fragment of the Oedaleus asiaticus entomopoxvirus (OaEPV) DNA cleaved with Bgl I was cloned into the EbmHI site of GEM‐7zf(+) and then labeled by random oligonucletide primer to be a cloned DNA probe. This probe had species specificity to Dociostaurus kruussi EPV and Nosema to custae, but not to Calliptomus italicus EPV. The probe was able to detect Ing OaEPV DNA, 102 viral spheroids and OaEPV in the infected grasshopper homogenates.
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION OF TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RHODOJAPONINS AND TOOSENDANIN ON NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION OF LARVAL DROSOPHILA MELANGASTER MEIGEN
Authors: Xu Jianhua , Liu Anxi , Shang Zhizhen
Published: April 2008

Abstract  With microeletrode intracellular recording technique, the three rhodojaponins and toosendanin, which had been extracted and purified from two insecticidal plants, Rhododendron molle and Melia toosendan, respectively, were examined for their toxicological effects on the neuromuscular excitatory junction potentials (EJPS) in the ventralateral longitudinal muscle cells of the third instar larval Drosophila melangaster Meigen. All of them were found to inhibit and eventually block the EJPS, and the time for blockage decreased with higher concentrations. Comparison among the three rhodojaponins showed an inhibitory activity sequence of rhdojaponin I >rhodojaponin I >rhodojaponin V. This preliminary observation suggested that the disruption of neuromuscular transmission might contribute to the fatal actions of these botanic insecticides.
MECHANISM OF ACTIVATION AND POSSIBLE ROLES OF THE CATHEPSIN B‐LIKE AND D‐LIKE PROTEINASES IN THE EGGS OF PHILOSAMIA CYNTHIA RICINI*
Authors: Zhao Xiaofan , Wang Jinxing
Published: April 2008

Abstract  The mechanism of activation and possible roles in the yolk protein's degradation of the cathepsin B‐like and cathepsin D‐like proteinases in eggs of Philosamia cynthia ricini were studied. The results showed that acidification could not obviously change the molecular masses of the proteinases. The two proteinases were not likely to modify with each other. The results suggested that the two proteinases might hydrolyze different yolk proteins, or hydrolyze the yolk proteins at different stages during embryogenesis. The results of double immunodiffusion showed that the cathepsin B‐like and cathepsin D‐like proteinases might exist in the eggs of some different species in Lepidoptera.
REVISION OF THE GENUS OPACOPTERA GOZMANY* (LEPIDOPTERA: LECITHOCERIDAE)
Authors: Wu Chunsheng
Published: April 2008

Abstract The characters of the genus Opacoptera Gozmány are revised and 3 species belonging to 2 subgenera are treated. A new subgenus, Fulvitalia, and a new species, O. (O.) ecbasta, are described and figured. Key to the species is provided.
A NEW SPECIES OF CALCARIBRACON QUICKE (HYM: BRACONIDAE: BRACONINAE) PARASITIC ON CASMARA PATRON A MEYRICK (LEP: OECOPHORIDE) IN CHINA
Authors: Quicke Donald L. J. , You Lanshao
Published: April 2008

Abstract Calcaribracon camaraphilus sp. nov. from Jiangxi Province, China, is described and illustrated, and it is distinguished from C. nipponensis (Watanabe), the only other species of Calcaribracon known from China to date. It is a larval ectoyarasitoid of Casmara patrona.
A NEW RECORD OF THE GENUS MONOHELEA AND A NEW SPECIES FROM CHINA (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE)
Authors: Liu Jinhua , Yan Ge
Published: April 2008

Abstract This paper discribes a new species and a new generic record of genus Monohelea in China. Monohelea hainanensis sp. nov. collected from Qiongzhong County, Hainan Province, China.
A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS HERATEMIS WALKER FROM FUJIAN PROVINCE (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE)
Authors: Wu Zhishan , Chen Jiahua
Published: April 2008

Abstract The present paper deals with a new species, Heratemis ustulatus Wu et Chen, collected from Fujian Province. The new species is distinguished easily from the closely related species Heratemis uegeta (Papp) by the following characters: head blackish‐brown, mesonotum reddish‐brown, length of ovipositor equal to abdomen. Type specimen is deposited in Beneficial Insects Lab., Fujian Agricultural University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS SPHYROTHECA FROM CHINA (COLLEMBOLA: SMINTHURIDAE)
Authors: Chen Jianxiu , Wu Ming
Published: April 2008

Abstract Sphyrothca stachi sp. nov. is described here. It comes closest to Sphyrotheca multifasciata, but many differences reveal they are two distinct species.
ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND SYNTHESIS OF THE FEMALE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE TEA TUSSOCK MOTH, EUPROCTIS PSEUDOCONSPERSA (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIDAE)
Authors: Zhao Chenghua , Millar Jacelyn G. , Wen Zhizhong , Wang Shikun , Wang Xuying , Zhu Yufen
Published: April 2008

Abstract The sex attractant pheromone of the tea tussock moth, a serious economic pest of tea plantations in southern China, has been identified as 10,14‐dimethylpentadecyl isobutyrate. A synthesis of the racemic form of the pheromone was developed, and traps baited with the synthetic compound at doses of 40–1000 micrograms captured male moths. The synthetic pheromone was as effective as a trap bait as, virgin female moths, or extracts of female moths.
THREE NEW SPECIES AND KEY TO SPECIES OF THE GENUSARTHRO‐MACRAKIRBY FROM CHINA (COLEOPTERA: LAGRIIDAE)
Authors: Chen Bin , Yang Xingke
Published: April 2008

AbstractThree new species of the genusArthromacraKirby from China,A. rubidorsalis, A. enty‐poderaandA. tibetanaare described. The speciesA. decorais described. A key to Chinese species of the genus is given. With 14 original pictures.
A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS CALKONELLA BERLESE FROM CHINA: (ACARI: CALIGONELLIDAE)*
Authors: Hu Chengye , Hu Siji
Published: April 2008

Abstract The present paper deals with a new species of the genus Caligoneh Berlese: Caligonella tunxiensis sp. nov., The type specimens are collected in the litter of form from Auhui Province.
A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS HEXATHROMBIUM COORMAN 1944 (ACARI: MICROTROMBIDIIDAE) FROM CHINA*
Authors: Zheng Boyi
Published: April 2008

Abstract A new mite species, Hexathrombium southcottii sp. nov., an ectoparasite upon ichneu‐monid wasps, is described and figured, and a key to the species of Hexathrombium is given.
THREE NEW SPECIES OF DRYINIDAE FROM CHINA: (HYMENOPTERA)*
Authors: Xu Zaifu , He Junhua
Published: April 2008

Abstract Lunchodryinw cheni sp. nov. and Anteon ctenoides sp. nov., belonging to the subfamily Anteoninae, and Bocchus sinensis sp. nov., belonging to the subfamily Bocchinae are herein described. The subfamily Bocchinae is firstly recorded from China. All the type specimens are deposited in Zhejiang Agricultural University.
TWO ONYCHIURID SPECIES NEW TO CHINA (COLLEMBOLA) *
Authors: Tamura Hiroshi , Zhao Lijun
Published: April 2008

Abstract Two species of the genus Onychiurus (Collembolai Onychiuridae) new to China are re‐described from Yunnan Province by giving new characters: Onychiurus hidayensis from Kunming and O. yodai from Xishuangbanna. The former is characteristic in lacking anal spines and having male ventral organ and the latter is remarkable in having dorsomedian setae on head and Abd. IV‐VI.
MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION ON THE LARVA OF NEOPSYLLA SPECIALIS SPECIALIS*
Authors: Qi Yiming , He Jinhou
Published: April 2008

Abstract This paper deals in detail with the morphology of the larva of Neopsylla specialis specialis Jordan, 1932. It may be distinguished from other larvae of 5 species or subspecies of Neopsylla by two fine setae lying on outside of each posterior long seta on the ventral plates of the first to third thoracic segments, ratio of the length and width of the egg burster, number and shape of mandibular teeth, number and length of the setae in the anterior and posterior row on dorsal side of head, and number of the setae of anal comb and the strut setae. The sense organs on the 10th tergite are discussed.
FEMALE FEEDING AID IN COMMON EARWIG FORFICULA AURICU‐LARIA L.
Authors: Liu Zhibin , Vancassel Michel , Quris Rene
Published: April 2008

Abstract In common earwig, Fur ficula auricularia L., parental care is necessary for the develop ment of eggs. However, so far the selective value of family group remains as an outstanding question. Our experiment shows that there is a female contribution to larval food intake, and this feeding aid can improve significantly the larval survival rate and development. However, the female care alone has no effect on larval survival and development.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ISOLATION OF ECLOSION HORMONE FROM ANTHERAEA PERNYI*
Authors: Ouyang Yingchun , Yi Shuxia , Wang Zongshun , Zhong Xiangchen
Published: April 2008

Abstract Eclosion hormone (EH) was isolated from 1 500 pharate adult heads of oak silkmoth, An‐theraea pernyi. The crude EH which weight 420 mg was obtained by 8 steps. The A. pernyi bioassay was adopted to test biological activity of crude EH, and total EH activity was about 750 EH units. The specific activity was approximately 560 μg/unit. The crude EH was inactivated by proteolytic enzymes. It was stable in heat and had non species‐specific.
PREDATION OF THE LADYBEETLE CHILOCORUS KUWANAE ON THE SCALE UNASPIS YANONENSIS
Authors: Yang Xiaolong , Shen Miaoqing , Guo Zhenzhong , Xiong Jiwen
Published: April 2008

Abstract The prey consumption of ovipositing female adults of the ladybeetle Chilocorus kuwanae on the scale Unaspis yanonensis was found to be significantly greater than that of the male adults. At 25°C one female adult ladybeetle, on average, would consume 42. 7 female scale adult per day while one male adult only destroyed 22. 3 female scale adults. However, after a deprivation of the prey for 48 h, this difference was eliminated. A C. kuwanae female adult had to prey on at least 15 U. vanonensis female adults in order to lay eggs. The funcional responses of the beetle adults to densities of different stages of the scale followed Holling's type 1. The functional responses to female scale adults indicated that the maximum prey consumption went up with the increase in temperature from 16°C to 35°C, and dropped sharply at 37°C. However, temperature did not alter the type of the functional response. Rased on the predation of C. kuwanae adults on U. yanonensis female adults, the minimum critical, optimal and maximum critical temperatures for their attack were estimated to be 10. 6°C, 31. 5°C and 38. 2°C respectively. The increase in predation space or in predator density could result in a reduction in the attack rat‐e, but with the increase of predator density, the effect of predation space became much smaller. C. kuwanae adults preferred male pupae to other stages of the scale, and their preference for various stages of the prey was in the order of male pupae, 2nd‐instar male nymphs, 2nd‐instar female nymphs, adult females and kinstar nymphs.
TWO NEW SPECIES AND THREE NEW RECORDS OF THE GENUS CULZCOIDES (DIPTERA:CERATOPOGONIDAE) IN CHINA
Authors: Liu Guoping , Zhao Tianshun
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Two new species of Culicoides, C. desytoculus sp. nov. and C. pulchellus sp. nov., are described from China. Three species of Culicoides, C. gynznopterus, C. parabarnetti and C. pikongkoi, are recorded for the first time in China.
A NEW GENUS AND A NEW SPECIES OF TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE (HYMENOPTERA:CHALCIDOIDEA) FROM CHINA
Authors: Lou Juxian , Yuan Jing
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Pseudomirufens Lou, gen. nov. and P. curtifuniculus Lou et Yuan sp. nov. are described. Pseudomirufens Lou is assigned to the Trichogrammatini and appears closest to Mirufens Gi‐rault. Type is kept in Shenyang Agricultural University.
A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS EUDINOSTIGMA (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) FROM CHINA
Authors: Wu Zhishan , Chen Jiahua
Published: April 2008

Abstract  This paper describes a new species Eudinostigma longus Wu et Chen, collected from Hubei Province. The new species is characterized distinctly by the following features: rather long antenna, with 24 segments, notaulix distinct anteriorly, oval midpit deep, propodeum with a longitudinal medial carina and forked carina, areola absent, length of robust hind femur 3. 6 times its width, and length of petiole 1. 7 times its width. Type species is deposited in Beneficial Insects Laboratory, Fujian Agricultural University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS SYMPHERTA (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)
Authors: Sheng Maoling , He Fengcai
Published: April 2008

Abstract  A new species, Sympherta curuivenica, sp. nov. collected in China is described and compared with the similar species Sympherta antilope (Gravenhorst).
STUDY ON SUBGENUS XORIDES (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEU‐MONIDAE) FROM NORTH CHINA
Authors: Liu Tuo , Sheng Maoling
Published: April 2008

Abstract  This papa deals with nine species of Xorides (Xorides) collected in North China, of which three are new to the science, namely Xorides (X.) furcatus sp. nov., X. (X.) hirtus sp. nov. and X. (X.) aculeatus sp.nov., three, are new records, X. (X.) brachylabis, X. (X.) praecato‐rius, X. (X.1 sepulchralis, and the other three species already known in China, X. (X.) sapporen‐sis, X. (X.1 erigentis, X. (X.) hingganensis.
A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS SINOPHASMA (PHASMATODEA:HET‐ERONEMIIDAE) FROM CHINA1)
Authors: Chen Peichang , Chen Shuchun
Published: April 2008

Abstract  A new species, Sinophasma largum sp. nov., is described from China (Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei and Guangxi Provinces). The type specimens are kept in the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS HOMIDIA (COLLEMBOLA: ENTO‐MOBRYIDAE) FROM XIZANG AUTONOMOUS REGION CHINA*
Authors: Chen Jianxiu , Zhong Weiyan
Published: April 2008

Abstract  The present paper deals with the description of a new collembolan species, Homidia tibetensis, which shares some characters with H. heugsanica Lee et Park, 1984. However, it can be distinguished from the latter by the chaetotaxy of Abd. I, n and N, setal formula of labial base and the absence of labral papillae.
BINOMIAL COUNT ANALYSIS BASED ON THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION DENSITY ESTIMATION OF COTTON APHIDS1)
Authors: Zhang Guangmei , Shen Zuorui , Zhao Zhonghua
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Based on field population sampling of Aphis gossypii on cotton seedlings in Quzhou Experiment Station of China Agricultural University in Hebei Province in 1991, we obtained a data set consisting of 24 estimates of mean aphid density (m, number of aphids per plant), variance (s2) and the proportion of plants (PT) with no more than T aphids (T=0, 1, 2,…, 8, 10, 15, 20, respectively and defined as tally threshold). Taylor's power law fitted the data well (r2= 0. 958). The resulting slope (1. 515) was significantly greater than 1, indicating that the spatial distribution of this aphid was in aggregated pattern. An empirical relationship between m and Pr was developed for each T value using the parameters from the linear regression In(m)=a+bln[‐ ln(PT)}]. The importance of the T values in reduction of sampling errors and their application to binomial sampling plans are discussed. Small T values, particularly aphid‐free plant (T = 0, conventional binomial sample), could lead to spurious estimates of m from PT. A value of T from 10 to 15 was recommended to develop binomial sampling plans for the aphids on cotton seedlings because of the relatively small sampling errors.
NEW CELL LINE FROM EMBRYOS OF MYTHIMNA SEPARATA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Li Guoxun , Yu Hongchun , Song Jie , Li Changyou , Wang Xiaoyun
Published: April 2008

Abstract  A new cell line was established from 2‐d‐old embryonated eggs of Mythimna separata and has been designated as NEAU‐Ms‐927311. This cell line consists of a mixture of cell types, including spherical and spindle‐shaped cells. The cell line has a population doubling time of 58. 8h. Chromosome analysis revealed its typical lepidopteran karyology. Isozyme characterization of esterase showed that the band pattern was different from that of other two cell lines (Xc‐920730, and SF‐21AE). Virus infectivity tests revealed this cell line can support replication of M. separata nuclear polyhedrosis virus.
A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE GENUS XYSTOPHORA (LEPIDOPTERA:GELECHIIDAE) FROM CHINA*
Authors: Li Houhun
Published: April 2008

Abstract  The present paper deals with species of the genus Xystophora Wocke from China. Four species are described as new to science: Xystophora ingentidentalis sp. nov., Xystophora chengchengensis sp. nov., Xystophora paroisaccula sp. nov. and Xystophora novipsammitella sp. nov. Xystophora carchariella (Zeller) is reported for the first time from China. The genitalia figures of the new species and key to all the known Chinese species are provided.
STUDY ON XORIDES (MOEROPHORA) (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEU‐MONIDAE) FROM NORTHEASTERN CHINA
Authors: Sheng Maoling , Wu Songling
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Two species of Xorides (Moerophora) collected in the northeastern part of China, in which one is new to science, namely Xorides (Moerophora)tuqiangensis Sheng sp. nov., and one, X. (M.) jakovlevi (Kokujev) 1903, is a Chinese new record, are reported. A key is provided to distinguish the Chinese species of this subgenus.
STUDIES ON BIONOMICS OF LIPOSCELIS ENTOMOPHILA (PSOCOPTERA:LIPOSCELIDIDAE) INFESTING STORED PRODUCTS*
Authors: Wang Jinjun , Zhao Zhimo , Li Lungshu
Published: April 2008

Abstract  This paper deals with the biological characteristics of the psocid Liposcelis entomophila (Enderlein) on a diet composed of whole wheat flour and yeast (10: 1) under different temperatures (17.5–35C) and relative humidities (50%‐90% RH). The results showed that at 75% RH development time from egg to adult varied from 71. 9 d at 20% to 21.7 d at 35C. At 28C it varied from 23.0 d at 90% RH to 34.4 d at 60% RH. The development threshold and the effective accumulated temperature for entire immature stages were estimated at 15. 7C and 460. 7 day‐degree, respectively. The survival rate from egg to adult was 64. 5% at 27. 5C while at 20C and 35C it was only 32.1% and 37. 0%, respectively. At 28C the survival rate ranged from 31. 2% at 60% RH to 67.8% at 80% RH. L. entomophila could not survive at any humidity at 17. 5C and below 50% RH. The average longevity of adult ranged from 32.4 d at 35C and 64.4 d at 20C. At 75% RH the mean egg production varied from 27.1 at 27. 5 C and 13. 9 at 20C and the greatest fecundity occurred at 90% RH with 28C. The optimal ranges of temperature and humidity for L. entomophila population growth were 27. 5–30C and 80%—90% RH. The distribution and the reason for its serious infestation in China are discussed.
SIMULATION AND OPTIMAL MANAGEMENT OF THE PEST‐NATURAL ENEMY‐INSECTICIDE SYSTEM OF PADDY FIELDS IN MIDDLE SEASON RICE CROPPING REGION*
Authors: Shi Gensheng , Zhang Xiaoxi
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Investigations on the pest‐natural enemy‐insecticide system, including rice leaf roller‐spider‐tamaron and planthopper‐spider‐tamaron system, were carried out in the paddy fields in middle season rice cropping region. The relationship among insect pest, natural enemy and insecticide were studied based on the principle of the pest management system engineering. The optimal management models of the two systems were developed. Their diagrams of optimal feedback control strategy were contoured for computer monitoring of the pest‐natural enemy‐insecticide system. The population densities of pest and natural enemy in the future could be forecasted and the optimal strategy could be made when the current field densities of pest and natural enemy were input into the computer. The optimal performance index, which is a combination of the total cost of using the chemical and the total cost of pest damage to crops, for pest control is minimized. The objective of the system management is to drive the state of the system towards a beneficial equilibrium of the system generally. A comparison of the new IPM strategy with the ordinary strategy based on a single economic threshold is conducted in this paper. The optimal control strategies suggest that both pest and natural enemy populations should be controlled in the integrated pest management.
STUDIES ON THE GENUS METALLUS FORBES OF CHINA (HYMENOPTERA:TENTHREDINIDAE)*
Authors: Nie Haiyan , Wei Meicai
Published: April 2008

Abstract  The genus Metallus Forbes from China is revised. Four new species are described in this paper: Metallus nigritarsus sp. nov., M. minutus sp. nov., M. bui sp. nov. and M. jingfanus sp. nov. The male of Metallus mai Wei and the female of Metallus wangi Wei are described for the first time.
PROSPECTS FOR THE CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS AND WEEDS IN SOUTHERN CHINA
Authors: Waterhouse D. F.
Published: April 2008

Abstract  This paper deals with the prospects for the classical biological control of major insect pests and weeds in southern China. One hundred and seventy‐four species of insect pests in southern China are nominated and their broad distribution and origin or possibly origin in other countries are discussed. An attempt is made to draw together information relevant to where a search might be made for natural enemies if an arthropod pest is being considered as the target for classical biological control. The success of classical biological control of the six insect pests and five weeds elsewhere in the world has been indicated. It is recommended to take urgent measures to strengthen and expand projects in classical biological control in China.
BINDING ASSAY OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS CRY1AC INSECTICIDAL CRYSTAL PROTEINS IN DIAMONDBACK MOTH*
Authors: Li Jianhong , Akhurst Ray , Yu Ziniu
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Binding assay was performed with NTP‐labeled Bacillus thuringiensis activated toxin Cry 1Ac on midgut brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) prepared from the whole larvae of dia‐mondback moth Plutella xylostella. We conclude that the BBMVs can be isolated properly and Cry 1Ac toxin binds saturably to BBMVs.
A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS PERISPUDA FOERSTER (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE) FROM CHINA
Authors: Sheng Maoling , Xu Denghua , Han Yisheng
Published: April 2008

Abstract  In this paper a new species, named Perispuda bibullata, collected from Laoling, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province is described.
A NEW GENUS OF POLYSPHINCTINI (HYMENOPTER—A: ICHNEUMONIDAE) FROM CHINA
Authors: He Junhua , Ye Shufeng
Published: April 2008

Abstract  One new genus and species, Longitibia sinica gen. et sp. nov. of the Polysphinctini (Ichneu‐monidae: Pimplinae) is described from China. This new genus is closely related to the Pterinopus Townes, 1969, but distinguishable from the latter or any other genus of the tribe Polysphinctini in the shape of clypeus and in having smooth mesoscutum, etc. Type specimens are deposited in the Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang Agricultural University.
PANORPIDAE (MECOPTERA) IN XIZANG, CHINA, WITH DESCRIPTION OF THREE NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS NEOPANORPA
Authors: Hua Baozheng , Chou Io , Zhou Yao
Published: April 2008

Abstract  Three new species of the genus Neopanorpa Weele are described and illustrated from Xizang in China. The previously reported three species from Xizang, Panorpa guttata Navas, P. davidi Navas, and P. stigmalis Navas, are verified to distribute in Sichuan Province, instead of in Xizang. The type specimens are deposited in Northwest Agricultural University and China Agricultural University separately. A key to the Tibetan species of Neopanorpa is provided.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF COLLEMBOLA (ARTHROPLEONA: NEANURIDAE, PSEUDACHORUTIDAE) FROM SHANGHAI, CHINA
Authors: Yue Qiaoyun , Yin Wenying
Published: April 2008

Abstract Two new species of Collembola, Crossodonthina tridentiens Yue and Yin, sp. nov. and Anurida tamurea Yue and Yin, sp. nov. are described. They belong to the family Neanuridae and family Pseudachorutidae respectively. Crossodonthina tridentiens is characteristic in the mandible with three basal teeth and the peculiar maxilla, and Anurida tamurea in the PAO with 19–21 tubercles arranged in an ellipse and the body chaetotaxy.
THE VIRULENCE OF THE ENTOMOPHTHORALEAN FUNGUS PANDORA DELPHACZS TO THE BROWN PLANTHOPPER NILAPARVATA LUGENS1)
Authors: Xu Junhuan , Feng Mingguang , Xu Qian
Published: April 2008

Abstract The entomophthoralean fungus, Pandwa delphacis (Hori) Humber, is a pathogen frequently causing epizootics of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal, in rice growing areas of China. Two isolates (F95127 and F95129) of the fungus obtained from mycosis‐killed planthoppers collected in Zhejiang Province were bioassayed for their virulence to N. lugens. For inoculation, botches of 4– or 5‐in‐star‐old nymphs from a laboratory population were exposed to time‐varying spore shower from sporulating plates of fungal mass produced in Sabouraud liquid medium, resulting in 8 and 6 dosages for F95129 and F95127, respectively. The nymphs treated at each dosage were maintained on rice plants at 25°C and a photophase of 12L: 12D in growth chamber (nearly 100% RH) and were examined daily for mortality. The resulting data were well fitted to time‐dose‐mortality model, generating parameters of time and dose effects for estimation of virulence indices. The LD50 values 6–8 d after exposure were 327, 122 and 46 conidia/mm2 for F95129 and 409, 133 and 74 conidia/mm2 for F95127, respectively. The LT50 estimated for F95127 was 7. 6 d at 95 conidia/mm2 whereas that for F95129 decreased from 6. 6 d at 172 conidia/mm2 to 5. 6 d at 525 conidia/mm2. Based on these virulence indices and comparison of the slopes for dose effects from the model, the two isolates of P. delphacis had moderate virulence to N. lugens with insignificant difference to each other.
STABILITY OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE RESISTANCE IN CULEX PIPIENS PALLENS COQUILLETT UNDER RELAXATION OF INSECITICDE SELECTION*
Authors: Wang Jinfu
Published: April 2008

Abstract The stability of resistance in the organophosphate resistant strain of Culex pipiens pallens with amplification of single gene coding for esterase B2 was determined under relaxation of insecticide selection. Insecticide resistance and amplification of esterase were both lost when strains were not homozygous for the presence of amplified gene, probably due to biological disadvantage of the esterase gene. LC50 and LC95 of chlorpyrifos for this strain were 0. 2099 mg/L and 0.9036 mg/L in the F0 generation respectively, but 0. 0207 mg/L and 2. 8027 mg/L respectively in the F16 generation. In the homozygous strain, insecticide resistance was still stable and amplification of esterase remained after 16 generations under relaxation of insecticide selection, which indicated that copy of esterase gene was not lost in the offspring of this strain. The evolution of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes is discussed.
BIOLOGY OF THE GREEN LACEWING (CHRYSOPA PHYLLOCHROMA). 1: EFFECTIVE ACCUMULATED HEAT AND DEVELOPMENT RATE*
Authors: Su Jianwei , Sheng Chengfa
Published: April 2008

Abstract Two methods were used to estimate the effective accumulated heat (K) and threshold development temperature (To) of the green lacewing, Chrysopa phyllochroma Wesmael, under 7 constant temperatures. The results were as follows: 1) by means of Li Chao's ‘optimum seeking method’, T0 of eggs, larvae, and pupae are 14. 20, 11. 55 and 8. 27°C respectively, K of them are 53. 82, 151. 58 and 243. 85 day‐degrees respectively; 2) by means of Li Dianmo's ‘rapid estimation method’, T0 of eggs, larvae, and pupae are 14. 33, 12.18 and 8. 38°C respectively, K of them are 54. 41. 157. 62 and 245. 21 day‐degrees respectively; 3) based on linear regression equation and the logistic curve equation, the formula for estimating development rates of different development stages at certain temperatures has been established.
RECENT STUDIES ON INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF LIMONOIDS FROM MELIACEOUS PLANTS
Authors: Li Xiaodong
Published: April 2008

Abstract This is a review of recent studies on insecticidal activities of limonoids from Meliaceous plants which possess ingredients causing repellence, antifeeding. poisoning and growth inhibition against many important agricultural insects. Limonoids from the genera Melia and Azadirachta of family Meliaceae show admirable effectiveness in bioactiviry. Some species of genera Aglaia, Trichilia and Tmna contain very effective limonoids against insects as well. In this review the insecticidal mode of action of these limonoids is discussed.
A REVISION OF STOMAPHIS WALKER FROM CHINA WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW SPECIES (HO‐MOPTERA: LACHNIDAE)*
Authors: Qiao Gexia , Zhang Guangxue
Published: April 2008

Abstract This paper deals with the genus Stomaphis Walker from China. Within this genus there are 9 species in China. Three new species, Stomaphis betulidahuricae Zhang and Qiao, Stomaphis pistacicola Zhang and Qiao and Stomaphis quercisucta Qiao and Zhang, two new recorded species for China, Stomaphis japonica Takahashi and Stomaphis ulmicola Inouye are described. Based on the data of 9 species from China, a key to the species with apterous viviparous females is worked out. Morphological descriptions, host‐plants and distribution are provided. All specimens including types are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
A STUDY ON CHINESE SPECIES OF AULOGYMNUS FORSTER (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)*
Authors: Zhu Chaodong , LaSalle John , Huang Dawei
Published: April 2008

Abstract This paper treats Chinese species of Aulogymnus Förster which is newly recorded from China. Four new species, A. elevatus sp. nov., A. hyalopterus sp. nov., A. insculptus sp. nov., and A. longicalcar sp. nov. are described. All type specimens are deposited in the Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology. Chinese Academy of Sciences.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF TEMPERATURE SHOCKS ON OVERWINTERING MATURE LARVAE OF PINE NEEDLE GALL MIDGE THECODIPLOSIS JAPONENSIS (DIPTERA: CE‐CIDOMYIIDAE)*
Authors: Li Yiping , Gong He , Park Ho‐Yong
Published: April 2008

Abstract The supercooling points of cold (‐10C and ‐5C) and heat (37 C, 40 C and 45 C) shocked overwintering larvae were nearly the same as that of un‐shocked ones (ca. ‐20C). Temperature shocks enhanced the ability to endure subzero temperature (‐ 15C, 3 h), and the cold shock treatment had more significant effect on maintaining larval survival than that of heat shock. It is the third insect that heat shock and cold shock enhanced its survival rate under low temperature simultaneously. A special stress protein (MW = 83 kD) was expressed under cold shock at ‐10 C and heat shock at 40 C or 45 C. It is also a few instances that a stress protein was expressed in the same insect under both heat shock and cold shock simultaneously. Meanwhile, the antioxidant system under different treatments was studied. Rapid cold hardening process had no oxidative stress because of the increase content of reduced glutathione and activity of glutathione reductase, but other treatments had.
INFLUENCE OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY ON SURVIVAL OF THE CITRUS LEAF‐MINER, PHYLLOCNZSTZS CITRELLA STAINTON (LEPIDOPTERA: PHYLLOCNISTIDAE)
Authors: You Minsheng , Wang Liande
Published: April 2008

Abstract The relationshLps between relative humidity (RH) and survival rates of eggs, all larval stages and pupae of the citrus leaf‐miner, Phyllooiistis citrella Stainton, were determined by laboratory experiments. The survival of the citrus leaf‐miner was observed at seven levels of relative humidity from 35% RH to 95% RH at intervals of 10% RH, with 12 L: 12 D photoperiod and temperatiure (29±0.5) C. The relative humidity was controlled by saturated solutions of MgCl2 6H2O, K2CO3 2H2O, C6H12O6, NaNO2, NaCl, KCl, and Pb(NO3)2. The results showed that lower relative humidity is unfavorable for incubation of the eggs, survival of the larvae and eclosion of the pupae. The survival rates increased generally with rising of relative humidity within the range of 35% ‐ 85% RH, and the maximum survival rates occurred at 85% RH for different life stages. The variations in hatching rates of the eggs, survival rates of the larvae and emergence rates of the pupae were great, but unimodal at different relative humidity. The effect of relative humidity on survival rates of the citrus leaf‐miner could be simulated by regression analysis, using a polynomial function of three orders, and the results of fitting the model to the observed data are presented and discussed.
HISTORICAL EVIDENCE FOR POPULATION DYNAMICS OF TIBETAN MIGRATORY LOCUST AND THE FORECAST OF ITS OUTBREAK*
Authors: Chen Yonglin , Zhang De'er
Published: April 2008

Abstract  The Tibetan migratory locust (Locusta migratoria tibetensis Chen) is the highest altitude distributed subspecies among the 10 subspecies of migratory locusts. It was discovered and described as new subspecies in 1963. It is mostly distributed above an elevation of 3 000 m, with the highest up to 4 600 m, on the “Roof of the World,” viz. the Qinghai‐Xizang Plateau in southwestern China.

Recent study on the historic literature revealed ancient records of locust plagues caused by Locusta migratoria tibetensis Chen in many regions of Xizang (Tibet). These disasters took place during 124 years stretching from 1828 to 1952. Forty‐five places were infested by locust swarms, and from 1846 to 1857 locust disasters occurred sucessively in 12 years, and affected 18 places of Xizang. At the severe disaster regions crops were damaged by locusts in such a degree that there was no harvest at all. At the same time, locust plagues due to another subspecies also occurred in the plains between the Yellow River and Huaihe and Haihe Rivers in East China.

The disasters in Xizang were caused by the Tibetan migratory locust, while in Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain disasters were due to the Oriental migratory locust Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen). This study not only provides the evidence that the Tibetan migratory locust has been existing as a separate subspecies with a long history, but also reveals the relevant years of locust plagues, their regional distribution and intermittent rules of locust plagues. It also offers a scientific basis for forecasting Tibetan migratory locust disasters and related monitoring strategies; as well as understanding the close relationship between the outbreak of the migratory locust and drought.
THE VIRULENCE CHANGE AND DAMAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS GEOGRAPHIC POPULATIONS OF BROWN PLANTHOPPER*
Authors: Lu Zhongxian , Yu Xiaoping , Wu Guorui , Tao Linyong , Chen Jianming , Zheng Xusong
Published: April 2008

Abstract  The virulence change and damage characteristics of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stal, populations collected from Guangxi, Yunnan and Zhejiang Provinces were studied by using various resistant rice varieties. The results indicated that the Zhejiang population could successfully infest varieties IR26 and Mudgo, showing the characters of BPH biotype 2 after 1989. The Guangxi population, however, could adapt the resistant varieties IR26, Mudgo and ASD7 after 1991. In 1997, the nymphal survival indices of Guangxi and Yunnan populations on Rathu Heenati (Bph3) were up to 70. 9 and 66. 7 respectively. This may imply that the BPH populations in Guangxi and Yunnan have shifted into a new biotype.

In free‐choice test, there was obvious difference in the feeding preference of nymphs and adults of Zhejiang population, the adult preferred to feeding on resistant variety IR26 and the nymphs chose the hosts randomly. Under 26 C and L12: D12, the nymphal duration of Zhejiang population was the longest in the three tested populations. For Guangxi population, the nymphal duration on ASD7 was significantly longer than on TN1, although it could infest resistant variety ASD7. The nymphal survival rate of Zhejiang population fed on IR26 was higher than those fed on TN1 and ASD7. On varieties IR26 and ASD7, an obviously higher nymphal survival rate was observed in Yunnan population as compared to those of Zhejiang and Guangxi populations. These results indicate that difference in virulence and damage characteristics could be found in different geographical populations of BPH.