bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pain Management with Ganglion Impar Block in Adenocarcinoma Recti
Authors: Yogo Wi , Laksono Ristiawan Muji , Asmoro Aswoco Andyk , Isngadi Isngadi , Laksono Buyung Hartiyo , Jaya Wiwi
Published: April 2024

Background:Colorectal cancer is a type of malignant neoplasm that is often found with the third highest mortality rate in the world after breast cancer and lung cancer. Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of colorectal cancer which cause pain to the patient. The pain from this disease was described as chronic pain. Chronic pain can result from ongoing nerve inflammation and central sensitization. Inflammation begins with a mechanical injury which then turns into chronic inflammation. This situation changes the responsiveness of neurons to pain in the sympathetic ganglion. Sympathetic ganglia block is more effective in controlling visceral pain. This impar ganglion is the only sympathetic nervous system ganglion that is not attached to the sacrococcygeal. In this case report, the transsacrococcygeal joint approach was used to locate the ganglion accurately by injecting contrast and viewing the vertical dispersion called inverted commas along the ganglion laterally.
Case Illustration: A 60-year-old female patient was admitted with complaints of pain around the anus. The patient has been diagnosed with Adenocarcinoma recti two years ago.  Pain is felt like being stabbed and persists in the anal area. Pain intensity increases on sitting and defecation. The patient has undergone chemotherapy 12 times and is taking pain relievers that have been prescribed regularly. The patient's Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score is 6-7, which is categorized as severe pain. This patient underwent ganglion impar block using the trans sacrococcygeal joint approach with the help of fluoroscopy to relieve the severe pain.
Conclusion: Ganglion Impar Block (GIB) can be performed with significant results in reducing opioid use and reducing pain in patients with Adenocarcinoma recti. The technique of administering neurolysis agents with the help of fluoroscopy can be an option because it is very effective and simple
La cultura de la ética, un compromiso de toda la vida
Authors: Gordillo Castillo Nelly
Published: April 2024

Esta pregunta, en apariencia sencilla, ha desconcertado a filósofos, científicos y personas de todas las edades y orígenes a lo largo de la historia. Desde la curiosidad de un niño hasta la sabiduría acumulada de un anciano, las respuestas a esta cuestión fundamental varían de manera sorprendente. Al plantear esta pregunta a una niña de 9 años respondió con la inocencia propia de su edad, afirmando que la ética es "ser buena con los demás". Esta joven pensadora ilustró su comprensión sencilla con un ejemplo claro: compartir sus juguetes o alimentos con un amigo durante el recreo, una lección de ética que comienza temprano en la vida, a menudo inculcada por los padres y maestros. Un adolescente de 15 años, en medio de su búsqueda de identidad y valores, ofreció una respuesta más reflexiva, mencionando que la ética involucra "tomar decisiones correctas y justas" y ejemplificó su perspectiva con un dilema ético común en la escuela: ¿debería copiar en un examen para obtener una buena calificación o estudiar honestamente? Esta etapa de la vida marca el inicio de la reflexión sobre las implicaciones éticas de nuestras acciones. Un adulto de 30 años, inmerso en el mundo laboral, definió la ética como "seguir reglas y valores en el trabajo y en la vida diaria". Compartió una experiencia personal en la que tuvo que decidir si denunciar un comportamiento deshonesto en su empresa o mantenerse callado para evitar conflictos, demostrando cómo la ética es esencial en el entorno profesional y cómo la educación formal y el entrenamiento profesional contribuyen a su comprensión ética. Un individuo de 70 años, con la sabiduría acumulada a lo largo de su vida, contempla la ética como "una guía para vivir una vida buena y significativa, basada en principios de justicia y compasión". Relató historias de su vida en las que las decisiones éticas moldearon su camino, desde ayudar a personas necesitadas hasta enfrentar dilemas éticos en su carrera profesional. Esta etapa refleja la madurez de la comprensión ética a lo largo de toda una vida, que se nutre de experiencias personales y una formación continua en ética.
Jaime Lara: un talento juarense en Nueva Zelanda
Authors: Espinoza Vázquez Jesús Daniel
Published: April 2024

En una entrevista para Ciencia Vital, el Dr. Jaime Lara, quien es egresado de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez (UACJ), segunda generación de Ing. Biomédica (2009-2014), nos cedió amablemente parte de su tiempo para compartir un poco de su trayectoria académica y científica.
Robots de células humanas que reparan tejidos
Authors: Reyes Díaz Abib Adriana
Published: April 2024

Un grupo de científicos ha realizado avances significativos al desarrollar pequeños robots biológicos a partir de células pulmonares humanas. Estos fascinantes robots tienen la extraordinaria capacidad de construirse a sí mismos desde una sola célula, transformándose en biobots móviles con múltiples células. Pero eso no es todo, también tienen la capacidad de ayudar a reparar tejido neural dañado.
Ajolote Mexicano: un maestro de la regeneración
Authors: Irigoyen Chaparro Víctor Alfonso
Published: April 2024

La capacidad de los organismos para regenerar tejidos y órganos es un tema muy interesante y varía entre las diferentes especies de vertebrados, uno de los modelos más sorprendentes de regeneración en el reino animal es el ajolote (Ambystoma mexicanum), el cual tiene la capacidad de regenerar su corazón sin dejar cicatrices después de sufrir una lesión y seguir funcionando con normalidad.
La sombra que enciende el cielo: descifrando los eclipses
Authors: Templos Marín Brandon Yahir
Published: April 2024

A mediados del mes de octubre, vivimos un evento fascinante: el eclipse anular. Cada persona disfrutó de este fenómeno astronómico a su manera; sin embargo, ¿qué fue lo que ocurrió y por qué fue un evento tan importante?
The Use of Instagram as Learning Media
Authors: Sherly Herawati Amanda  , Anggi Tias Pratama  , Kartika Ratna Pertiwi
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this literature review is to find out theoretical descriptions of the research methods used and find out the components in Instagram that can be made interesting for students to learn. Current technological developments such as Instagram over time can help the learning process outside and inside the classroom. The method used is looking for similarities, differences and providing views on the literature review. The results obtained from each study have different research methods based on the problems encountered. All teachers involve Instagram media as learning collaboration in achieving learning goals. The components in Instagram media that are of interest to students in learning are Instagram filters, feeds, Instagram stories and story highlights. The conclusion of this research is that journals (J1-J20) adopt various research methods to collect data and formulate conclusions related to certain problems. Some of them use the ADDIE development model as a basis.
Learning Evaluation of Islamic Religious Learning in Increasing Learning Motivation
Authors: Dewi Alya Rahmawati , Dartim Dartim
Published: April 2024

Evaluation can encourage students to study harder encourage teachers to improve and maximize the quality of the learning process, and also encourage education managers to further improve the facilities and quality of student learning. The learning process will be successful when students have the motivation to learn. Therefore, teachers need to foster student learning motivation. The purpose of this study is to describe the evaluation of PAI learning in increasing student learning motivation. This research uses qualitative methods with an approach (field research) through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. As for the results of this study, increasing student motivation through the evaluation of PAI subjects has been seen optimally from the aspects that have been observed.
Education and Experience Drive MSME Financial Success Globally
Authors: Putri Devy Amelia , Abidin Fityan Izza Noor
Published: April 2024

This study examines the impact of education level, accounting knowledge, and business experience on the utilization of accounting information among MSME owners in Gempol, Pasuruan. Using a quantitative approach with 30 MSME owners as respondents selected through purposive sampling, data were collected via Likert scale questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS. Results indicate that education level and business experience significantly affect accounting information utilization, while accounting knowledge does not. These findings underscore the importance of considering education and experience in designing interventions to improve MSMEs' financial management practices, offering insights for policymakers and business support organizations aiming to enhance MSME growth and development in the region.Highlight:

Education and experience influence accounting information utilization among MSME owners.
Accounting knowledge has limited impact on information utilization.
Findings inform policy for enhancing MSME financial management practices.

Keyword: MSMEs, Accounting Information Utilization, Education Level, Business Experience, Gempol Pasuruan
FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCIDENTS DUE TO NEEDLE STICK INJURY WORK ON HEALTH PERSONNEL IN HOSPITAL X
Authors: Wardani Aurina Firda Kusuma , Rachmawati Siti , Firmansyah Fathoni , Citra Dewi Anggreini Beta
Published: April 2024

Kecelakaan akibat kerja yang sering terjadi di Rumah Sakit yaitu tertusuk jarum suntik atau needle stick injury. Berbagai faktor dapat mempengaruhi kejadian needle stick injury, baik dari faktor personal tenaga kerja maupun dari faktor lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kejadian kecelakaan akibat kerja needle stick injury pada tenaga kesehatan di Rumah Sakit X.
               Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi analitik dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional. Variabel bebas adalah usia, jenis kelamin, masa kerja, shift kerja, pelatihan, tingkat pengetahuan dan tingkat pendidikan. Sedangkan variabel terikatnya kecelakaan akibat kerja needle stick injury. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang sudah ditentukan sebelumnya. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan yaitu sebanyak 64 orang.
Penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner dan dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, serta multivariat. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji regresi dan multivariat mengguankan uji regresi berganda untuk mengetahui faktor apa yang paling besar pengaruhnya terhadap kejadian kecelakaan akibat kerja needle stick injury. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan program komputer SPSS 25.
Faktor yang mempengaruhi kecelakaan akibat kerja needle stick injury pada tenaga kesehatan Rumah Sakit X yaitu pendidikan (p value= 0,042; OR = 2,123; CI 95% = 1.029-4.381). Usia, jenis kelamin, masa kerja, shift kerja, pelatihan dan pengetahuan tidak mempengaruhi kecelakaan akibat kerja needle stick injury pada tenaga kesehatan Rumah Sakit X
MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AFFECTING WORK PERFORMANCE AMONG GROUND-HANDLING PERSONNEL: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Fyongo Ismaili Rashidi , Ramdhan Doni Hikmat
Published: April 2024

Ground-handling personnel are critical for airline operations and ensuring safety during flights. Yet, these workers are at risk of developing MSDs due to highly physically demanding tasks. which can impact their health and work performance. This review examines common risk factors affecting MSDs and their impact on work performance, while also exploring prevention and management strategies for this occupational group. A total of 342 articles were identified through an explorative search of the PubMed database, Direct Scopus, and Google scholar with the limitation of the year from to 2015-2024. Only 16 articles were considered and classified based on their operation category, such as ramp operation, flight maintenance, cabin crew and baggage handler articles. The results reveal that musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in ground handling personnel can be influenced not only by physical factors but also by organizational, psychological, and social aspects, which can negatively impact work efficiency and performance. ground handling workers are exposed to various musculoskeletal risks, including physical exertion, unnatural postures, Standing for extended periods., repetitive tasks, tight deadlines, and heavy lifting, as well as organizational and psychological concerns. It is crucial to mitigate these risks to safeguard and enhance musculoskeletal health of the workers.
VALIDITY AND RELIABLITY TEST OF WORK STRESS DIAGNOSIS SURVEY
Authors: Maududi Akhmad Abul A'la Al , Ani Nur , Ayudia J Syefira , Semedhi Bima Pusaka
Published: April 2024

Pemerintah melalui Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan mengeluarkan skala survei diagnosis stress kerja sebagai alat ukur stress kerja disetting industry namun penelitian yang menunjukkan validitas dan rliabilitasnya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan seluruh karyawan PT. X sebagai sampel penilitian dengan menggunakan Pearson Correlation Analysis untuk uji validitas dan Cronbach alpha untuk uji reliabilitas. Dari hasil analisis pearson correlation seluruh katogeri dalam survei diagnosis stress kerja memiliki validitas alat ukur yang baik (> R Tabel) dan memiliki reliabilitas alat ukur yang baik (p = 0.963>0.05).  Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu skala survei diagnosis stress kerja yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan valid dan reliabel untuk digunakan disetting industri.
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN PADA PEKERJAAN KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG BERTINGKAT DAN BENDUNGAN PT X
Authors: Aulya Diana , Hasibuan Bernard , Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: April 2024

Perbedaan pekerjaan konstruksi yang dijalankan oleh PT X membuat fenomena adanya sistem manajemen kelamatan dan kesehatan kerja yang tidak seragam akibat jenis pekerjaan, metode yang digunakan, nilai kontrak, lokasi pekerjaan dan leadership dari pimpinan proyek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran budaya keselamatan dan perbedaan penerapan budaya keselamatan di Proyek Gedung dan Bendungan PT X. Metode pengambilan data secara kualitatif FGD, observasi dan wawancara mendalam dan diolah dengan metode kuantitatif untuk kemudian dilakukan analisis secara mendalam indepth analysis. Sampel dipilih dengan stratified random sampling yang ditentukan berdasarkan representasi di dalam populasi. Hasil pada Proyek Gedung nilai pelatihan dan kompetensi dinilai paling rendah hal ini diartikan bahwa pelaksanaan training K3 dinilai masih kurang optimal sesuai dengan kebutuhan di lapangan. Kebutuhan pelatihan K3 yang tepat dibutuhkan agar dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan dapat dipahami dan dilaksanakan sesuai dengan kompetensi K3 yang diharapkan. Sedangkan pada Proyek Bendungan untuk nilai prosedur objective rerata terendah elemen ini sangat penting yang berkaitan dengan membangun pemenuhan prosedur dan standar dalam operasional PT X. Dari hasil wawancara dan observasi terlihat bahwa perusahaan berusaha untuk selalu memenuhi syarat-syarat K3 yang berlaku baik pemerintah maupun internal perusahaan. Kesimpulan gambaran tingkat kematangan budaya K3 di PT X pada proyek Gedung sebesar 4,28 sedangkan di Proyek Bendungan sebesar 4,32 artinya perusahaan sudah memiliki tingkat kematangan budaya K3 dengan kategori proaktif, yaitu K3 telah menjadi bagian dari fungsi lini di perusahaan serta memiliki kesiapan baik engineering dan sistem untuk menjadikan K3 sebagai budaya perusahaan.
SOCIOLOGY OF SAFETY: PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN INSURANCE AS AN OBJECT OF ANALYSIS
Authors: Kazbekova Diana , Yensebayeva Anel , Otar Elmira , Mukhambetova Kuralay
Published: April 2024

Modern sociology actively examines issues related to occupational safety and preventive measures in the field of insurance, with a specific focus on safeguarding the well-being and health of workers. This article presents a sociological analysis of preventive programs in insurance, paying close attention to their sociological dimensions. The study investigates the experiences and future prospects of countries belonging to both the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the Eurasian Economic Union that have implemented preventive measures within their social insurance systems. The article discusses the key components of preventive programs, their role in guaranteeing worker safety and health, and the effectiveness of investments made in preventive measures. Furthermore, it presents data regarding the allocation of resources for preventive measures in different countries and evaluates the return on investment in preventive programs. In conclusion, the article highlights the significance of further developing and enhancing preventive programs in insurance to ensure the safety and well-being of workers in their respective work environments.
Francisco Montenegro:
Authors: La Madrid Vivar Pablo Lenin , Santiago Lázaro Susy Rosy , Albornoz Dávila Víctor Luis
Published: April 2024

El artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la actitud perversa y el comportamiento infame y malévolo de Francisco Montenegro ante los campesinos de la comunidad de Yanahuanca, actitud que tiene su origen en su condición de juez y terrateniente, además como consecuencia de la protección del poder político. Montenegro, denominado el «traje negro», es uno de los personajes principales de la novela Redoble por Rancas de Manuel Scorza. La historia narra la lucha de los campesinos de la serranía peruana frente al poder abusivo del capitalismo minero norteamericano, a las tropelías de los terratenientes y al sistema de justicia peruano imperantes en el siglo XX. La metodología empleada fue la lectura de la novela, la consulta bibliográfica y el análisis de la actitud del juez. Se concluye que Montenegro es un ser perverso, el amo todopoderoso de la provincia Daniel Alcides Carrión.
Alfarería como proceso identitario kukama-kukamiria del centro poblado Santo Tomás, lago Mapacocha, río Nanay (2021)
Authors: Rivas-Ruiz Roxani , Rodríguez Vásquez Keira Luz , Villar Quintana Anthony Alex
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación realizada en la periferia de la ciudad de Iquitos, en la región de Loreto, tiene como objetivo analizar la alfarería, su cosmología y vínculo identitario de la población kukama-kukamiria en el centro poblado Santo Tomás, lago Mapacocha, río Nanay. El estudio es cualitativo, de tipo etnográfico descriptivo, y utiliza como técnicas e instrumentos de investigación la observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se trabajó con 29 kukamas con conocimiento alfarero; 11 interpretaron los íconos (entre los 33 a 73 años) y a 18 se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. La observación participante estuvo focalizada en tres familias alfareras. Se presentan 11 imágenes de cerámicas y 47 íconos. Se concluye que la alfarería no es solo una evidencia cultural tangible, sino también se la reconoce como parte del saber hacer ancestral que refleja la cosmovisión del pueblo y sirve como bandera en la reconstrucción identitaria de los kukuma-kukamiria del centro poblado Santo Tomás.
Mujeres investigadoras: ser «madre-esposas» y no morir en el intento.
Authors: Castelli Olvera Azul Kikey , Valles Ruiz Rosa María
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analizar la situación y condición de las mujeres mexicanas pertenecientes al Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNII), las coincidencias y limitaciones que implica el trabajo como investigadora con respecto a sus relaciones familiares y laborales. Metodología: Mixta que comprende, como base, la revisión del número de mujeres que se encuentran registradas en el SNII y entrevistas cualitativas con investigadoras, lo que permite el acercamiento fenomenológico a las realidades que viven en dobles y triples jornadas. Lo anterior a partir de las propuestas teóricas de Palomar y Lagarde. Resultados: la revisión de mujeres registradas en el SNII es menor que el de hombres, debido a diversos factores, entre los que se pueden mencionar: 1) el llamado «techo de cristal»; 2) la inconsistencia entre el deber ser «madreesposa» y las exigencias del trabajo de investigación de tiempo completo; 3) las políticas institucionales que aún no integran políticas de género que consideren la interseccionalidad.
Desarrollo humano y calidad de vida de los diseñadores colombianos en la economía creativa
Authors: Ramírez Gil Felipe , Ávila Forero Juan Sebastián
Published: April 2024

El desarrollo humano y la calidad de vida del diseñador colombiano a luz de la Política Integral para la Economía Creativa dinamizada por el Estado colombiano son analizados en el presente artículo. Siguiendo lo establecido por el enfoque de las capacidades, se hace una reflexión acerca de la atención que la política pública tiene acerca de los funcionamientos y las capacidades que permitan a los diseñadores colombianos mejorar su calidad de vida por medio de su actividad profesional. Gracias al análisis de múltiples documentos legales bajo el enfoque de las capacidades, se concluye que la falta de atención por la persona y sus circunstancias profesionales son un gran vacío de la estrategia estatal que se debe suplir de manera oportuna, particularmente la capacidad central de afiliación.
Religious Moderation in Constantinople in the Resolution of Political Conflicts in the 14th Century
Authors: Mukaromah Muhimmatul , Mayasari Lutfiana Dwi , Saniff Shereeza Mohamed
Published: April 2024

The Islamic conquest of Constantinople in the 14th century is a captivating historical episode in history that continues to intrigue historians. It stands out due to the involvement of two major world religions - Islam and Christianity. Furthermore, this conquest marked the end of the Roman civilization. One notable aspect of this conquest was the harmonious relationship between Muslims and Christians, which persisted before and after the event. This study aims to explore the implementation of religious moderation in Constantinople to resolve political conflicts. Adopting a historical methodology, the research collects data through extensive documentation and literature studies, employing a socio-political approach. The findings highlight that religious moderation played a crucial role in conflict resolution during the 14th century in Constantinople. The concept of religious moderation was not only applied before the conquest, but also after it. Before the conquest, the value of moderation was demonstrated through peaceful negotiations between the Islamic kingdom and the Catholic prelate in Rome. Several treaties were agreed upon, emphasizing the importance of faith and peaceful dialogue over resorting to military confrontation. Following the conquest, Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih exemplified religious moderation by engaging in negotiations with the inhabitants of Hagia Sophia. They agreed an agreement allowing Christians to continue practicing their faith despite being under Islamic rule. Additionally, al-Fatih displayed respectful treatment towards the prelate and Christian warlords, further exemplifying the value of moderation. The findings of this study shed light on the significance of religious moderation in resolving conflicts and offer a fascinating insight into the history of Constantinople during this period
Automatic classification of Indian Music using EMD
Authors: Sarkar Saurabh , Solanki Sandeep Singh , Chakraborty Soubhik
Published: April 2024

Indian music is very rich in emotional content and technicalities. It is also contrasting having multiple genres which may be broadly classified as Classical (Hindustani or Carnatic) music, Semi-classical music (including Ghazals) and Light (including folk) music. The so called “rasa” or emotional content in Indian music is of much significance, e.g. selection of the right kind of music for therapeutic intervention by the music therapist who might be an expert in western art music (WAM) but could be new to Indian music. This paper presents a novel classification technique based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD), applied for the first time in Indian music. In this work, two genres of Indian music, Classical and Semi-classical, are considered. Highest classification accuracy of 98.68% is reported in the paper using SVM binary classifier after extraction of relevant features such as time domain features, frequency domain features, MFCC and Chroma vector.
The Italian Famous Face Test (IT-FFT): Normative data from neurotypical individuals and an assessment of its sensitivity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Ventura Martina , Caffò Alessandro Oronzo , Manippa Valerio , Cicinelli Giovanni , Nobile Emanuela , Keller Roberto , Rivolta Davide
Published: April 2024

The faces we see in daily life exist on a continuum of familiarity, ranging from personally familiar to famous to unfamiliar faces. Thus, when assessing face recognition abilities, adequate evaluation measures should be employed to discriminate between each of these processes and their relative impairments. We here developed the Italian Famous Face Test (IT-FFT), a novel assessment tool for famous face recognition in typical and clinical populations. Normative data on a large sample (N = 436) of Italian neurotypical individuals (NT) were collected, assessing both familiarity (d-prime) and recognition accuracy. Next, we investigated the IT-FFA’s validity on a neurodevelopmental condition, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), often associated with face recognition deficits. Results showed ASDs’ difficulties in face recognition and in their ability to discriminate between famous and non-famous faces. Furthermore, this study explored whether both NTs and ASDs possess insights into their overall face recognition skills by correlating the Prosopagnosia Index-20 (PI-20) with the IT-FFT; a negative correlation between these measures in both groups suggests that even ASDs have insight into their (weaker) face recognition skills. Overall, our study provides the first online-based Italian test for famous faces (IT-FFT), demonstrates its sensitivity in detecting face difficulties in ASDs, and suggests spared face-related metacognitive skills in ASD.
Artificial intelligence – can technology help predict the progression of keratoconus? A systematic review
Authors: Watson Stephanie , Jiang Ivy , Durakovic Emily , Kandel Himal
Published: April 2024

Background
Keratoconus in patients can progress at different ages and rates. This creates difficulty in determining optimal timing for follow-up interventions such as corneal cross-linking. Previous studies have shown that artificial intelligence (AI) can accurately diagnose keratoconus. Less is known on AI use in predicting progression of keratoconus.
Methods
A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles was performed in February 2023 using medical databases (Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane) and engineering databases (IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library). Studies were included if they were published in peer-reviewed journals, reported at least one accuracy measure, and investigated keratoconus progression rather than diagnosis or treatment efficacy. The outcome measures included accuracy in predicting keratoconus progression, type of AI method, input details, number of parameters and AI algorithm.
Results
455 records were identified. Following duplicate removal, abstract and full-text screening, six studies (total eyes n = 3 151; patients n = 5 083; mean proportion of males 62.8%±13.4%; mean age 36.9 ± 18.7 years) were included. AI methods used were convolutional neural networks, machine learning, and random forests. Input modalities included Optical Coherence Tomography (OCTs), Anterior-segment OCTs and Pentacam. Overall, the studies reported good utility of AI [Areas under the Curve (AUC, 0.814–0.93), accuracy (71.5–97.5%), sensitivity (70.9–95.5%) and specificity (41.9–82%)] in predicting keratoconus progression.
Conclusion
Emerging evidence indicates that AI may have a role in predicting keratoconus progression. Further high-quality studies are needed to establish the utility of AI in clinical practice.
Preparation and application of methane dehydroaromatization catalyst with hollow shell type zeolite
Authors: Zhang Hua , Li Wei , Wu Xiaoyuan , liu Yaqing , Chen Lin , Chen Jinxia , Mao Jian
Published: April 2024

A catalyst for methane dehydroaromatization was prepared by using hollow shell small particle ZSM-5 zeolite as carrier. The catalyst was synthesized by the ball milling impregnation method, and then molded through the binderless spray shape method. The conditions of Mo content, ball milling time, Si/Al atomic ratio and thermostatic bath temperature were investigated. After repeated experiments, the optimum conditions of preparation and molding for catalyst have been successfully obtained. A two-hour long-term experiment was carried out in a fluidized bed reactor. The results demonstrated that the catalyst presents higher strength, better catalytic reaction performance and stability, the conversion of methane reach 21% with the selectivity of C6H6 63% during the entire test period.
Near real-time soybean phenology detection using proximally-sensed hyperspectral canopy reflectance and machine learning methods
Authors: Rigalli Nicolás , Bulacio Enrique Montero , Romagnoli Martín , Enrico Juan M. , Bacigaluppo Silvina , Pozzi Ricardo , Chan Raquel L. , Otegui María E. , Portapila Margarita I.
Published: April 2024

To date, most of the research data on the selection of plant types based on crop growth phenology is obtained by expert observations in the field. The extraction of soybean phenology stages/phases from canopy spectral data might provide timing information for optimal field management. In this work a simple high-resolution technique for collecting proximally-sensed hyperspectral data at canopy level was performed and machine learning phenology models based on canopy spectral data plus physical predictors were developed. An empirical study of the effects of parameterization of the machine learning models with physical ancillary predictors is conducted, estimating soybean phenology in datasets collected in a-posteriori time than the interval where the training data were gathered. The accuracy achieved for reproductive single stages from the beginning of seed development to full maturity was 84%, when these stages were grouped into phases, the detection accuracy reached 92%. The ability to identify soybean phe-nology in near real-time allows extrapolation of this study to a regional scale by employing UAVs outfitted with the same instruments used in this work.
Constrained Optimization with Qualitative Preferences
Authors: Ahmed Sultan , Mouhoub Malek
Published: April 2024

The Conditional Preference Network (CP-net) graphically represents the user's qualitative and conditional preference statements under the \emph{ceteris paribus} interpretation. The constrained CP-net is an extension of the CP-net to a set of constraints. Existing algorithms for solving the constrained CP-net require expensive dominance testing operations. We propose three approaches to tackle this challenge. In our first solution, we alter the constrained CP-net by eliciting additional relative importance statements between variables to have a total order over the outcomes. We call this new model the constrained Relative Importance Network (constrained CPR-net). Consequently, we show that the constrained CPR-net has one optimal outcome (assuming the constrained CPR-net is consistent) that we can obtain without dominance testing. In our second solution, we extend the Lexicographic Preference Tree (LP-tree) to a set of constraints. Then, we propose a recursive backtrack search algorithm called Search-LP to find the most preferable outcome. We prove that the first feasible outcome returned by Search-LP (without dominance testing) is also preferable to any other feasible outcome. Finally, in our third solution, we preserve the semantics of the CP-net and propose a divide-and-conquer algorithm that compares outcomes according to dominance testing.
Diversity & Distribution of Avian Species in Rural Area of Tehsil Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Sial Muhammad Amir
Published: April 2024

This research was carried out to determine avian diversity in the rural areas of Tehsile Sahiwal from September to November 2023. A total of 783 birds were observed; these birds belonged to 29 different species from 10 orders, and 26 families were found at the study site. The observed avian species that belong to the Corvidae family had the greatest number of species, while Ciconiidae had the lowest number of species. The highest numbers of the order Passeriformes were recorded, followed by Ciconiiformes which had the lowest numbers. Among the bird species observed, 634 were residents, 16 were winter visitors, and 133 were summer breeders. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Red List, 753 birds were least concerned, 18 were vulnerable, and 12 were near threatened. The species diversity, richness, and evenness indices were 3.062913, 4.202228, and 0.909606, respectively. According to the index results, the rural area of the Sahiwal tehsil is a diverse area, but some of the threats observed during the study are at very low levels, such as habitat destruction and unawareness, which may disrupt species diversity and evennes in the future if they are not controlled in a timely manner.
Amino acids exchange obtained from CKD patients via Exome Sequencing differ radically from those of natural variants 1000 genome and genomAD databases
Authors: Nuglozeh Edem , Fazaludeen Mohammad Feroze , Sağlam Fatih
Published: April 2024

Background: Nonsynonymous mutations in the coding regions of human genes are responsible for phenotypic differences between humans and for their susceptibility to genetic disease.
Methods: We performed Exome sequencing on CKD patients’ genomic DNA and put the focus in understanding the role played by the amino-acid mutation spectrum (PAM) in human chronic kidney disease CKD patients. More specifically, using SIFT algorithm, we generated the amino acids substitution on proteins and compared the PAM matrix derived from CKD patients representing the amino-acid mutational spectrum to non-disease PAM matrices representing spectra of mutual amino-acid mutation frequencies derived from 1000 genome and genomAD database.
Results: We found a strong and positive correlation in term of mutabilities of amino acids distribution in human proteome and the average distribution of amino acid mutability remains higher in genomAD dataset as compared CKD and 1000 genome. The results also show a strong correlation of mutability between the three datasets, the coefficient of correlation being: (rCKD vs 1kg = 0.9225, rCKD vs genomAD = 0.9431 and rgenomAD vs 1kg = 0.9486) as well probabilistic distribution of amino acids in human proteome between the three datasets.
Conclusion: The amino acids mutability index in CKD dataset was statistically different as compared with those in 1000 genome and genomAD datasets. There is strong positive correlation in mutabilities of amino acids distribution in human proteome and the average distribution of mutability is higher in genomAD dataset as compared CKD and 1000 genome. In the CKD dataset, Arginine remains a common product of mutability from four amino acids like: Tryptophan, Histidine, Glycine and Lysine and the spike of Arginine in blood samples should be an element to trace in diagnostic profile of CKD. The data paved a way for clinical use for amino acids exchanges in chronic kidney disease using Illumina platform.
Establishment and validation of diagnostic and prognostic prediction models for liver metastasis in patients with rectal cancer: a SEER based study.
Authors: Wang huimin , Zheng ya , Chen zhaofeng
Published: April 2024

Rectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors, among which the liver is the most common site of distant metastasis and liver metastasis leads to poor prognosis. We aimed to develop and validate a diagnostic nomogram to predict the occurrence of rectal cancer with liver metastasis (RCLM) and a prognostic nomogram to predict the cancer-specific survival (CSS) in RCML patients. Data on patients with rectal cancer diagnosed between 2010 and 2013 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate logistic regression, the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the independent risk factors of RCLM. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were used to identify independent prognostic factors for RCLM. We then developed two novel nomograms, and the results were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). A total of 29367 patients with rectal cancer were included, with an average age of 66.71 ± 12.47 years old. Among them, 3403 patients (11.59%) had liver metastases at the time of diagnosis. The independent risk factors of RCLM included AJCC N, chemotherapy, CEA, DX-lung (Distant metastasis to the lung) and surgical sites. Age, chemotherapy, total number (from the primary tumors), surgery sites, histological type were independent prognostic factors of patients with RCLM. The results of ROC curves, calibration curves, DCA, C-indexes and Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curves in the development, validation and testing sets confirmed that two nomograms can precisely predict occurrence and prognosis of RCLM. Two nomograms are expected to be effective tools for predicting the risk of liver metastasis for patients with rectal cancer and personalized prognosis prediction for patients with RCLM, which may benefit clinical decision-making.
The comprehensive role of cuproptosis-related genes in rectum adenocarcinoma: value for precise prognosis and treatment
Authors: Ma Jun , He Jiaxin , Zhou Jingwan , Wang Ying , Zhang Yaming , Zhou Chaoping , Tang Daibin , Gu Zhengyu , Cao Yue , Jiang Guoqin
Published: April 2024

The incidence of cancers in the digestive system has witnessed a surge in recent years. With the refinement of related research, rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) has been discovered to have inimitable role among digestive tumors, especially when compared with colon adenocarcinoma. Cuproptosis is a recently identified form of non-apoptotic programmed cell death, exhibiting distinct characteristics with implications in tumorigenesis. In this article, we delved into the relationship between cuproptosis related genes and the categorization and prognosis of READ. Based on consensus clustering, READ samples are divided into three clusters with variant survival status and enriched biological pathways. To better evaluate the risk of patients, a cuproptosis-related gene score is established to precisely describe the correlation of cuproptosis subtypes and patient prognosis. Moreover, multiple immune infiltration deconvolution algorisms are utilized to discover the immune status of different cuproptosis subtypes. Generally, cuproptosis had great clinical implications in READ and a cuproptosis related prognostic score was established using the principal component analysis (PCA) method. Further investigation defined lipoic acid synthetase (LIAS) as a favorable gene for the prognosis of READ patients. This study provided unprecedented insight into the role of cuproptosis in READ, presenting it as a promising target for cancer therapy.
The relationship between postoperative delirium and plasma amyloid beta oligomer
Authors: Yang YoungSoon , Jung Ki Jin , Kwak Yong Tae
Published: April 2024

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a frequent complication in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery. While the hypothesis linking POD to Alzheimer's disease (AD) has existed for a long time, research findings have been inconsistent. To investigate this hypothesis, we compared plasma amyloid-beta oligomer levels using the multimer detection system-oligomeric Aβ (MDS-OAβ) in patients who POD after general anesthesia surgery with those who did not.
Methods: A total of 1,872 patients underwent general anesthesia surgery during the research period. Of these, 104 were included in the study as the target group. Since the patients were not randomly assigned based on the ApoE4 allele, propensity score matching was employed. As a result, 31 patients with POD and 31 patients without POD were finally included in the final analysis. Following surgery, if a patient in the ICU exhibits delirium, the Korean version of the Delirium Rating Scale-98 (K-DRS-98) and plasma MDS-OAβ values are immediately assessed. For the control group without delirium, these values are tested on the third postoperative day and subsequently these were compared to the values obtained from patients with POD.
Results: Patients with POD demonstrated significantly higher MDS-OAβ values compared to those without POD. Within the POD group, a positive correlation was observed between MDS-OAβ values and K-DRS-98 scores(severity and total scores).
Conclusions: These findings suggest an association between POD in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery and elevated plasma amyloid oligomer levels. To definitively establish causality, further prospective studies are necessary.
An mHealth technology to strengthen adverse event management of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Vietnam: Protocol for a process evaluation of the V-SMART trial
Authors: Nguyen Binh Hoa , Dang Tho T.H. , Hoang Duy Trinh , Do Thu Thuong , Dinh Luong Van , Nguyen Viet Nhung , Vu Dinh Hoa , Drabarek Dorothy , Nguyen Tram N.B. , Vu Dang , Nguyen Thu Anh , Marks Guy B. , Negin Joel , Fox Greg J. , Bernays Sarah , Yapa H. Manisha
Published: April 2024

Background
Drug-related adverse events cause poorer treatment outcomes among people with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), exacerbating a major global public health problem. The V-SMART trial tests whether a mobile health application (app) can optimise management of drug-related adverse events, within routine health services in Vietnam. Implementation of digital health within routine services is complex and driven by behaviour change as well as a range of health system factors. Understanding implementation is key to informing the evidence base for digital health prior to scale up, despite its potential appeal.
Methods
Through a process evaluation of the V-SMART trial, we aim to describe implementation of a digital health intervention within routine MDR/RR-TB health services at different levels of the health system. We will describe determinants of app uptake, adverse event management pathways for people on MDR/RR-TB treatment, and suggestions for future person-centred app design. To achieve this, we will conduct process maps (patient flow maps) and a total of up to 45 semi-structured interviews in seven provinces, with people with MDR/RR-TB, health workers, and policymakers. Interview topic guides are informed by the Theoretical Framework for Acceptability, Normalisation Process Theory, and the Tailored Implementation of Chronic Diseases framework respectively.
Discussion
The process evaluation will strongly complement the parent trial impact evaluation, and the economic evaluation. Moreover, it will inform future tailored approaches to scaling up digital health as part of broader health system strengthening initiatives.
Trial registration: ACTRN12620000681954
Multicenter evaluation of Multi-Incision Technique (MIT) with Malleable Prosthesis in Peyronie's Disease in patients with or without preoperative Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Martínez-Salamanca Juan Ignacio , Maiolino Giuseppe , Fernández-Pascual Esaú , Palacios Manuel Hevia , Poblador Agustín Fraile
Published: April 2024

Penile length loss is a significant concern for Peyronie's Disease (PD) patients. Our main goal is to evaluate the use of the multi-incision corporal technique (MIT) with a malleable prosthesis and collagen sealant matrix graft in PD patients experiencing a severe penile length loss, regardless of preoperative erectile dysfunction (ED). We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis in three centers from October 2015 to November 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: with or without preoperative ED. Data from 50 patients were collected, with 15 (30%) having preoperative normal erectile function. At a median follow-up of 17.6 months, 44/44 (100%) patients reported the ability to achieve penetration during sexual intercourse and no significant postoperative residual curvature. The mean increase in erectile penile length was 2.76 ± 0.63, with 85% of patients reporting a “very much” or “much better” improvement. Six grade IIIb postoperative complications were recorded. No significant differences in postoperative outcomes and global satisfaction scores were found between the two groups. MIT with malleable prosthesis and collagen sealant matrix graft is an effective long-term lengthening strategy with high global satisfaction rates in PD patients with complaints of penile length loss, even in those with preoperative normal erectile function.
Incidence and patterns of split thickness skin graft failure at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital in Uganda
Authors: Wabuna David Percy , Kiswezi Ahmed , Abraha Demoz , Alenyo Rose , Wambi David Silver , Kyomukama Lauben , Eilu Emmanuel , Molen Selamo fabrice , Muhumuza Joshua
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Graft failure results in delayed wound healing, increased hospital stays, repeat surgery, further donor sites and increased scar formation. There is limited information specifically about difficulties at the graft site after split skin grafting in the lower limbs. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and patterns of split thickness skin graft failure at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital (KNRH) in Uganda.
Methods
This was a prospective longitudinal study in which patients who had split skin graft on the lower limbs were followed up till the 10th day to assess the graft failure rates. Graft failure was defined as any take less than 80% on the 10th post-operative day. Culture and sensitivity was done for the patients that had graft failure. Using SPSS version 26, the incidence and failure patterns were computed.
Results
We enrolled 160 study participants, majority of whom were female 84(52.5%) with a mean age of 32.5 years (SD = 19.4). In this study, 59 participants had graft failure representing an incidence ratio of 36.9% (369 graft failures per 1000 grafts done). All failures were partial. The main direct cause of failure was infection, seen in 51(86.4%) of all the failures. The commonest causative organism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa seen in 41.2% of the patients that had infection as the cause of failure. Other organisms included Staphylococcus hemolyticus 12(23.5%), Proteus mirabilis 10(19.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus 8(15.7%). Amikacin had the highest sensitivity against all the organisms isolated in this study. All organisms were resistant to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and ceftriaxone.
Conclusion
The failure rate was high. More attention to reduce the risk of graft failure should be focused on minimizing graft infection since this was the main cause of failure. Amikacin should be considered for empiric treatment in patients that experience infection following grafting in KNRH before the culture results are available.