bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kalirin/Trio Rho GDP/GTP exchange factors regulate proinsulin and insulin secretion
Authors: Dufurrena Quinn , Bäck Nils , Mains Richard , Hodgson Louis , Tanowitz Herbert , Mandela Prashant , Eipper Betty , Kuliawat Regina
Published: November 2018

Key features for progression to pancreatic β-cell failure and disease are loss of glucose responsiveness and an increased ratio of secreted proinsulin to insulin. Proinsulin and insulin are stored in secretory granules (SGs) and the fine-tuning of hormone output requires signal-mediated recruitment of select SG populations according to intracellular location and age. The GTPase Rac1 coordinates multiple signaling pathways that specify SG release, and Rac1 activity is controlled in part by GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs). To explore the function of two large multidomain GEFs, Kalirin and Trio in β-cells, we manipulated their Rac1-specific GEF1 domain activity by using small-molecule inhibitors and by genetically ablating Kalirin. We examined age-related SG behavior employing radiolabeling protocols. Loss of Kalirin/Trio function attenuated radioactive proinsulin release by reducing constitutive-like secretion and exocytosis of 2-h-old granules. At later chase times or at steady state, Kalirin/Trio manipulations decreased glucose-stimulated insulin output. Finally, use of a Rac1 FRET biosensor with cultured β-cell lines demonstrated that Kalirin/Trio GEF1 activity was required for normal rearrangement of Rac1 to the plasma membrane in response to glucose. Rac1 activation can be evoked by both glucose metabolism and signaling through the incretin glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor. GLP-1 addition restored Rac1 localization/activity and insulin secretion in the absence of Kalirin, thereby assigning Kalirin’s participation to stimulatory glucose signaling.
Caracterización del perfil en habilidades y capacidades TI en un grupo de muestra de productores de quinua en el Cauca
Authors: Mora Pedreros Paula Andrea , Arias Ureña Andrés Fabián , Correa Vargas Rumel Antonio
Published: November 2018

Este artículo destaca los avances en el tema de gamificación desarrollado por la empresa Kcumen y los grupos de investigación GICSH y AMAUTAS para la construcción de una plataforma cloud y móvil en un entorno gamificado que consigue un enfoque adecuado del agricultor de la quinua en la implementación en el departamento de Cauca, de tal manera que pueda mejorar su productividad y competitividad en el sector gracias a la industria TI y evidenciar la intersección entre educación y tecnología.
Relación entre macroinvertebrados y propiedades del suelo bajo diferentes arreglos agroforestales en la Amazonia-Andina, Caquetá, Colombia
Authors: Durán Bautista Ervin Humprey , Rodriguez Suárez Leonardo , Suárez Salazar Juan Carlos
Published: November 2018

La abundancia y la diversidad de macroinvertebrados están estrechamente relacionadas, entre otras características, con el contenido de nutrientes del suelo. Con el fin de analizar esta relación bajo arreglos agroforestales de la Amazonia-Andina colombiana (Caquetá) se utilizó un diseño de parcelas completamente al azar con tres repeticiones siendo el tratamiento los arreglos agroforestales: AB = Abarco (Cariniana pyriformis Miers); CH = Caucho (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg.); PA = Paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum) Huber; y HU = Huito (Genipa Americana L.). En cada arreglo se revisaron monolitos de 25 x 25 x 30 cm de profundidad siguiendo la norma ISO 23611-5 para cuantificar la macrofauna y se tomaron muestras de suelo para la caracterización físico-química. La relación entre propiedades edáficas y la macrofauna en los diferentes arreglos agroforestales fue determinada mediante un análisis de Co-inercia. La mayor abundancia de macrofauna se encontró en el arreglo AB (945 ± 382 individuos/m2) y la mínima en CH (487 ± 80 individuos/m2). La riqueza total fue de 13 taxones, siendo el arreglo PA el de mayor riqueza (6.6 ± 0.8) y el arreglo AB el de menor riqueza (4.8 ± 0.8). Se observó una correlación significativa (análisis de Co-inercia: RV= 0.13, P < 0.05, test de Monte Carlo), lo que comprobó la respuesta de la macrofauna a las propiedades del suelo. Específicamente se encontró un efecto negativo del aluminio sobre la abundancia de Coleópteros, así como algunas relaciones positivas entre carbono orgánico y la abundancia de lombrices, y el fosforo con la abundancia de termitas.
Forage yield, chemical composition and in vitro gas production of triticale varieties (x Triticosecale Wittmack) preserved by silage or hay
Authors: Morales-Osorio Andres , Gutierrez Martinez María de Guadalupe , Osorio Avalos Jorge , Robles Jimenez Lizbeth Esmeralda , González Ronquillo Manuel , Castelan Ortega Octavio Alonso
Published: November 2018

Las alternativas a los forrajes de buena calidad para la alimentación animal incluyen cereales de grano pequeño como el triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack), que presenta tolerancia ambiental y valor nutricional aceptable. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron evaluar el rendimiento de forraje, la composición química y la producción de gas in vitro de tres variedades de triticale (UAEMex, Bicentenario y Siglo XXI), por dos métodos de conservación (ensilado o heno). Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorizado con tres repeticiones por tratamiento. La variedad Siglo XXI obtuvo más forraje (P <0.0001) en materia fresca y en materia seca con respecto al resto. Hubo diferencias (P <0.05) entre variedades, UAEMex presentó mayor contenido de materia orgánica (MO 906 g / kg MS) y proteína cruda (PC, 156 g / kg MS) (P <0.05), y Bicentenario y Siglo XXI presentaron mayor contenido de lignina ácido detergente (LAD, 72.3 ±0.3 g / kg MS). Se observaron cantidades superiores de materia seca (MS), fibra detergente neutro (FND) y LAD en el heno (P <0.05) en comparación con el ensilaje. El método de preservación del heno produjo valores superiores para la digestión de la MO (MOD, 838 g / kg de MS), la energía metabolizable (EM Mj/kg MS) y los ácidos grasos de cadena corta (SCFA) en comparación con el ensilado. La variedad UAEMex fue superior para la MOD, EM, GY24h y SCFA con respecto al resto. Las variedases Siglo XXI y el método de ensilaje mostraron mayor producción de leche (kg de leche / ha) (P <0.005). Se concluyó que la variedad de triticale Siglo XXI fue superior a las otras variedades por su producción potencial de forraje y producción de leche, el método de conservación de ensilaje presentó mayor fermentación con respecto al heno.
Training a Christian public health workforce: A qualitative study of Christian public health training programs
Authors: Paltzer Jason
Published: November 2018

Objective: The objective of this qualitative pilot study was to identify opportunities and challenges Christian public health training programs experience when it comes to equipping public health students to work within Christian health mission organizations.
Methods: A sample of seven out of seventeen (41 percent response rate) primarily American Christian public health institutions completed an online survey. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify major themes in the following areas: values specific to a Christian worldview, competencies focused on integrating a Christian worldview, challenges to integrating a Christian worldview, and training available to students interested in Christian health missions.
Results: Values focused on Christ-like humility in serving God and others, discipleship, respecting human dignity in the image of God, and collaborative community partnership. More than half of the respondents identified the interrelationship between culture, religion, spirituality, and health as the primary competency integrating a Christian worldview. Global health was identified as the second competency followed by understanding the history and philosophy behind global health and missions. Identified challenges include faith of students and faculty, limited availability of Christian public health textbooks, and secularization of concepts such as poverty and development.
Conclusion: The holistic nature of public health is conducive to integrating a Christian worldview into program content. The results show that Christian public health institutions have biblical values and integrate a Christian worldview in understanding the interrelationship between culture, religion, spirituality, and health primarily through the lens of global health. Programs experience significant challenges to embedding a Christian perspective into other content areas. Opportunities for integrating competencies with a Christian worldview include offering a certificate in global health/development ministry, teaching methods for engaging individuals and groups in holistic health discussions, and incorporating spiritual metrics and instruments into program evaluation courses to measure the influence of faith, hope, and discipleship alongside physical and social health metrics.
Christ as Physician: The ancient Christus medicus trope and Christian medical missions as imitation of Christ
Authors: Grundmann Christoffer H.
Published: November 2018

Only a few people will know that as early as the second century AD, Christ was called a physician. Not being scriptural, this nomenclature originally reflected the looming rivalry with the pagan Asclepius cult very popular in Hellenistic times. Yet, despite its polemic background, that designation grew into an accepted rhetorical trope for Christians since it was regarded as well-suited to illustrate the corporeality of salvation. It implied that redemption is as corporeal as the work of medical practitioners, an aspect crucial for Christian medical missions. This article first provides a sketch of the early occurrences of the Christus medicus trope documenting only some of the crucial texts (I). In the second part, the article addresses the imitatio Christi motif, that is, the call to imitate Christ, because imitatio Christi had become somewhat typical for arguing the cause of medical missions in their nascent stage. This had to do with breath-taking developments in medicine beginning in the latter part of the nineteenth century, which suddenly empowered physicians to effectively heal diseases plaguing people from time immemorial. Pious doctors, thus, felt urged to imitate Christ by going out on missions to share the Good News and to heal (II). Concluding remarks plead for reckoning the unique vocation and ministry of medical missions within and for the Church, namely to hold fast to the corporeality of salvation.
The case for a theology of disaster risk management
Authors: Mitchell Robert Bradley
Published: November 2018

Pacific Island communities are among the most disaster prone on earth. The churches in these communities have a pervasive social role and a wide geographic footprint, and it therefore makes good sense to engage them in better preparing their communities for disasters. That said, there are a variety of pre-existing religious beliefs about disasters, some of which are antithetical to proactive disaster risk management. Important theological research is being undertaken to map existing beliefs. This research will then help inform an indigenous and systematic theology of disaster risk management. The goal is to reduce death and destruction from foreseeable events, giving the research a special relevancy.
BUILDING SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR THE TERM OF “POSITIONING RESOURCES” AND PROPOSING METHODOLOGY FOR IDENTIFYING AND EVALUATING THE POSITION’S VALUE OF VIETNAM COASTAL ISLAND SYSTEMS
Authors: Thoa Le Thi Kim
Published: November 2018

Vietnam coastal island systems play important position in socio-economic development and security, defense of the country. Among traditional resources, “position” or called as “positioning resources” is considered as a special resource. Indeed, “positioning resources” is a new term not only in Vietnam but also in other countries. As a result, this concept has always been controversy and on which full agreement in terms of scientific basis has not yet been reached. In fact, it is important to increase the understanding and awareness of coastal islands’ position, which helps to develop a new approach to evaluate the real value of these islands and to make a decision on how to utilise resonable resources. This report continues to bring out the meaning of position and its scientific basis, methodology for identifying and evaluating the position’s value of Vietnam coastal island systems.
REMOTE SENSING DATA ANALYSIS WITH VALIDATION BY NUMERICAL MODEL FOR DETECTING SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER CONCENTRATION IN COASTAL WATERS OF THE RED RIVER DELTA, VIETNAM
Authors: Thao Nguyen Van , Vinh Vu Duy , Huong Do Thi Thu , Gouramanis Chris
Published: November 2018

In this study, a set of optical and Suspended Particulate Matter data measured in the coastal waters of the Red river delta is examined to develop empirical and semi-analyzed algorithms to process satellite remote sensing data. A scene of high resolution satellite images of Landsat-8 OLI is used to test the algorithm for determining the distribution of Suspended Particulate Matter concentration in marine waters. A numerical model is also developed to calculate Suspended Particulate Matter transportation in the study area and calibrate statistics measured at certain monitoring stations of water flow and Suspended Particulate Matter from river discharged into the sea. The results on Suspended Particulate Matter concentrations in the coastal waters of the Red river delta determined from the satellite image algorithms and those of the numerical model are compared and evaluated.
DIVERSITY OF ECHINODERMS (ECHINODERMATA) IN THE NORTH EASTERN ISLANDS, VIETNAM
Authors: Thung Do Cong , Dong Dao Minh
Published: November 2018

41 species have been identified, belonging to 29 genera, 18 families, 10 orders and 5 classes of Echinoderms in Northeast islands, from Mong Cai (Quang Ninh) to Do Son (Hai Phong). Compared to previous publications, 15 species were first identified in the Tonkin Gulf. The diversity of species numbers shows that Oreasteridae and Holothuriidae have the highest number of species (5 species/family), similarly the genus Holothuri has the highest species number (5 species). Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba has 33 species; Co To - Thanh Lan has 24 species and Bai Tu Long has 25 species. Echinoderms live in three habitats: Sand, coral, reef. The highest number of species is living in the sandy bottom and coral reefs, 39% and the lowest number only about 10% in coral reefs and reef. Van Boi, Van Ha, Da Den, Bac Van, Hong Van have high density of Echinoderms, potentially becoming marine medicine yards.
IMPROVING ALGORITHM OF DETERMINING THE COORDINATES OF THE VERTICES OF THE POLYGON TO INVERT MAGNETIC ANOMALIES OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL BASEMENT STRUCTURES IN SPACE DOMAIN
Authors: Hang Nguyen Thi Thu , Luan Pham Thanh , Thanh Do Duc , Minh Le Huy
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we present an improved algorithm based on Murthy and Rao’s algorithm to invert magnetic anomalies of two-dimensional basement structures. Here, the magnetic basement interface is approximated by a 2N-sided polygon with assumption that the bottom of the basement is the Curie surface. The algorithm is built in Matlab environment. The model testing shows that the proposed method can perform computations with fast and stable convergence rate. The obtained result also coincide well with the actual model depth. The practical applicability of the method is also demonstrated by interpreting three magnetic profiles in the southeast part of the continental shelf of Vietnam.
Medical and Dental Students’ Perceptions and Attitudes towards Interprofessional Clinical Education
Authors: Misra Sanghamitra M. , Adibi Shawn , Melchor Margo , Zhu Liang
Published: November 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Purpose: Interest and expansion of interprofessional education (IPE) has increased tremendously over the last decade due to need and regulatory requirements.  Methods: Third-year medical students and third and fourth-year dental students participated in a combined IPE experience at a dental assessment clinic.  All participating students completed the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) Questionnaire before the session, and medical students completed an evaluation after the session. Results: All students agreed that IPE is important and needed for the development of skills, and they see benefit to shared learning.  The only RIPLS question in which students did not agree was “Clinical problem solving can only be learnt effectively with students/ professionals from own school/organization.”  The dental students agreed with this more than medical students (p=0.04).  Age of medical and dental students was related with outcomes of RIPLS questions 2, 7, 14, and 16 (p=0.03, 0.02, 0.03, and 0.02, respectively). Older participants from both schools tended not to agree with statements related to importance of working together benefiting patients, improving working relationships, welcoming the opportunity to work on small group projects with other health/social care students, and whether shared learning/practice will help clarify the nature of patients’ problems.  Medical student evaluations of the dental IPE experience were very positive, and mild changes in the curriculum improved medical student perception of the experience from year 1 to 2. Conclusion: Guidelines and standardized curricula could help medical and dental school faculty create clinically appropriate and effective IPE interactions for learners of all ages.
Mythische Figuren der Neuzeit Faust, Hamlet, Don Juan, Don Quijote, Harlekin
Authors: Schlaffer Heinz
Published: November 2018

Gewiss ist es keine originelle Idee, aus der unendlichen Zahl der Figuren, die von der europäischen Literatur der Neuzeit erfunden wurde, die vier oder fünf auszuwählen, die klassisch geworden sind: Faust, Hamlet, Don Juan, Don Quijote und, was bedenklich erscheinen mag, Harlekin. Zu den Spielregeln der Gelehrsamkeit gehört es, eigenes nachzuweisen, was niemand bestreitet. Deshalb zitiere ich aus dem 1959 erschienenen Buch des amerikanischen Literaturwissenschaftlers Leo Weinstein, The Metamorphoses of Don Juan, einen Satz, der allgemeine Zustimmung finden dürfte: "Wann immer bei einer literarischen Diskussion die Teilnehmer gebeten werden, die vier größten Helden der neuzeitlichen Literatur zu benennen, wird die Wahl ziemlich sicher Hamlet, Faus, Don Quijote und Don Juan treffen." Harlekin bleibt wohl deshalb unerwähnt, weil ihn zwar jedermann kennt, nicht aber als großen Helden. Zudem fehlt ihm das maßgebliche Werk, das jedermann kennen sollte.
Use iPATH3 on uproc outputs v1
Authors: J J. Ponsero Alise
Published: November 2018

Step-by-step description on the use of iPATH3 on Uproc-DNA outputs. Path3.0 (http://pathways.embl.de) is a web-application for the visualization and analysis of cellular pathways. It is freely available and open to everyone. Currently it is based on four KEGG global maps, which summarize up to 158 traditional KEGG pathway maps, 192 KEGG modules and other metabolic elements into one connected and manually curated metabolic network. Users can fully customize these networks and interactively explore them through its redesigned, fast and lightweight interface, which highlights general metabolic trends in multi-omics data. It also offers navigation at various levels of details to help users further investigate those trends and ultimately uncover novel biological insights. More information about iPATH3 can be found here : https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/46/W1/W510/4990021
Single Cell and Single Nuclei Analysis Human Heart Tissue v1
Authors: Litvinukova Monika , Lindberg Eric , Maatz Henrike , Zhang Hongbo , Teichmann Sarah
Published: November 2018

This protocol provides a walk through for complex processing of fresh human cardiac tissue followed by tissue dissociation for single cell RNA sequencing and nuclei isolation for single nuclei RNA sequencing. The protocol can be used for various regions of the heart muscle, including the ventricles, atria and septum. Each section looks slightly different and will contain different amount of tissue, meaning that the number of applications and the amount of stored tissue will vary. The protocol is also applicable to animal cardiac tissue with minor modifications adjusting for size and amount of the tissue.
Strangers to the Game? Interlopers, Intralopers, and Shifting News Production
Authors: Holton Avery E. , Belair-Gagnon Valerie
Published: November 2018

The contours of journalistic practice have evolved substantially since the emergence of the world wide web to include those who were once strangers to the profession. Amateur journalists, bloggers, mobile app designers, programmers, web analytics managers, and others have become part of journalism, influencing the process of journalism from news production to distribution. These technology-oriented strangers—those who have not belonged to traditional journalism practice but have imported their qualities and work into it—are increasingly taking part in journalism, whether welcomed by journalists or shunned as interlopers. Yet, the labels that keep them at journalism’s periphery risk conflating them with much larger groups who are not always adding to the news process (e.g., bloggers, microbloggers) or generalizing them as insiders/outsiders. In this essay, we consider studies that have addressed the roles of journalistic strangers and argue that by delineating differences among these strangers and seeking representative categorizations of who they are, a more holistic understanding of their impact on news production, and journalism broadly, can be advanced. Considering the norms and practices of journalism as increasingly fluid and open to new actors, we offer categorizations of journalistic strangers as explicit and implicit interlopers as well as intralopers. In working to understand these strangers as innovators and disruptors of news production, we begin to unpack how they are collectively contributing to an increasingly un-institutionalized meaning of news while also suggesting a research agenda that gives definition to the various strangers who may be influencing news production and distribution and the organizational field of journalism more broadly.
Dark Participation
Authors: Quandt Thorsten
Published: November 2018

Citizen participation in the news-making process has been a hopeful promise since the 1990s. Observers hoped for a rejuvenation of journalism and democracy alike. However, many of the enthusiastic theoretical concepts on user engagement did not endure close empirical examination. Some of the major fallacies of these early works (to whom the author contributed himself) will be outlined in this article. As a bleak flip side to these utopian ideas, the concept of “dark participation” is introduced here. As research has revealed, this type of user engagement seems to be growing parallel to the recent wave of populism in Western democracies. In a systematization, some essential aspects of dark participation will be differentiated. Finally, the benefits of (also) looking at the wicked side of things will be discussed.
A Decade of Research on Social Media and Journalism: Assumptions, Blind Spots, and a Way Forward
Authors: Lewis Seth C. , Molyneux Logan
Published: November 2018

Amid a broader reckoning about the role of social media in public life, this article argues that the same scrutiny can be applied to the journalism studies field and its approaches to examining social media. A decade later, what hath such research wrought? In the broad study of news and its digital transformation, few topics have captivated researchers quite like social media, with hundreds of studies on everything from how journalists use Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and Snapchat to how such platforms facilitate various forms of engagement between journalists and audiences. Now, some 10 years into journalism studies on social media, we need a more particular accounting of the assumptions, biases, and blind spots that have crept into this line of research. Our purpose is to provoke reflection and chart a path for future research by critiquing themes of what has come before. In particular, our goal is to untangle three faulty assumptions—often implicit but no less influential—that have been overlooked in the rapid take-up of social media as a key phenomenon for journalism studies: (1) that social media would be a net positive; (2) that social media reflects reality; and (3) that social media matters over and above other factors.
Designing a Renaissance for Digital News Media
Authors: Novak Anette
Published: November 2018

User participation in the journalistic context has theoretically been possible since the emergence of the Internet. The few interface formats which have been developed to link newsrooms and citizens have, however, not followed the same explosive development as other parts of the media landscape. One reason often referred to by the scientific community is the defensive newsroom culture. This essay presents an alternative interpretation and argues that bridging the gap between interaction design research, media and communications research, and practitioners within digital news media, could shed new light on the stalled process of newsroom co-creation with users.
News and Participation through and beyond Proprietary Platforms in an Age of Social Media
Authors: Westlund Oscar , Ekström Mats
Published: November 2018

The link between journalism and participation has since long been envisioned and argued to be an important one. However, it is also a complex link. It encompasses how the news media and their social actors actively work towards enabling and engaging citizens as active participants through the digital infrastructures of their proprietary platforms, as well as the ways citizens potentially make use of such opportunities or not in their everyday lives, and how this affects epistemologies of news journalism. However, to date, journalism studies scholars have mostly focused on positive forms of participatory journalism via proprietary platforms, and thus fail to account for and problematize dark participation and participation taking place on social media platforms non-proprietary to the news media. This introduction, and the thematic issue as a whole, attempts to address this void. The introduction discusses three key aspects of journalism’s relationship with participation: 1) proprietary or non-proprietary platforms, 2) participants, and 3) positive or dark participation.
Exílios episcopais, identidades exílicas e redes sociais
Authors: Melo Vieira Melissa Moreira
Published: November 2018

Resenha de: HILLNER, J.; ULRICH J.; ENGBERG, L. (Ed.). Clerical exile in Late Antiquity. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang Edition, 2016. 283 p.
As sandálias de Plínio, o Velho
Authors: Stadler Thiago David
Published: November 2018

Neste artigo busco apresentar alguns traços que compõem uma breve biografia de Plínio, o Velho. Auxiliado pelos testemunhos de Plínio, o Jovem, construímos duas imagens que se sustentam tão somente se entendidas conjuntamente: Plínio com sandálias e Plínio sem sandálias. No primeiro caso, tem-se o astuto explorador, o cidadão que age. No segundo caso, tem-se o estudioso, o erudito que medita. É no contato destas duas imagens que apresentamos um ensaio de como construir uma figura mais apropriada de Plínio, o Velho. Figura fugidia a cada nova afirmação, mas que desvela importantes atributos de um cidadão tipicamente romano do século I.
Apresentação
Authors: Soares Carolline Da Silva
Published: November 2018

Apresentação do dossiê entitulado: "Imagens do masculino e do feminino no Mundo Antigo".
Entrevista com Silvia Marcia Alves Siqueira: apontamentos para o estudo das representações acerca do masculino e do feminino no Mundo Antigo
Authors: Siqueira Silvia Marcia Alves
Published: November 2018

Entrevista com Silvia Marcia Alves Siqueira: apontamentos para o estudo das representações acerca do masculino e do feminino no Mundo Antigo.
'Femina lectissima': Giulia, madre di Marco Antonio, tra descrizione e rappresentazione
Authors: Rohr Vio Francesca
Published: November 2018

Il contributo ricostruisce il profilo biografico di Giulia, madre di Marco Antonio, e analizza la rappresentazione della matrona nella tradizione letteraria. Da un lato indaga come le particolari condizioni della tarda repubblica incisero nella promozione da parte di Giulia di iniziative innovative rispetto agli indirizzi del modello matronale e dall’altro lato studia come tali violazioni del mos maiorum furono valutate nella rappresentazione della madre di Marco Antonio da parte delle fonti coeve e posteriori. In questa prospettiva si analizzano le ragioni della legittimazione della matrona anche presso autori ostili a suo figlio e gli argomenti e le modalità della sua valorizzazione.
Virgens, viúvas e casadas: representações do feminino no discurso ambrosiano (séc. IV)
Authors: Dias Larissa Rodrigues Sathler
Published: November 2018

Ao analisar o De Virginibus e o De Viduis, tratados ascéticos escritos por Ambrósio, bispo da Sé de Milão (374-397), este estudo busca compreender não apenas como os corpos das virgens, viúvas e casadas foram representados, mas também averiguar a formação de uma hierarquia feminina dentro da comunidade milanesa. Considerando a posição paradoxal das mulheres no contexto dos discursos morais produzidos pela elite episcopal do século IV, nos quais, por um lado, possuíam certa paridade com os homens, ao menos no plano espiritual, e, por outro, no plano terreno, apresentavam uma infirmitas associada a sua natureza sexual, essa hierarquia se mostra responsável por prever que as virgens e viúvas, mulheres que superaram a debilidade de seus corpos e tornaram-se modelos da castidade cristã, ocupassem uma posição acima das casadas.
'Continentes' ou 'conjugati'? Uma análise do dispositivo de sexualidade agostiniano no contexto da Querela Jovinianista
Authors: Veloso Wendell Dos Reis
Published: November 2018

Este artigo analisa o pensamento de Aurélio Agostinho, bispo de Hipona, no norte da África romana, sobre as sexualidades em dois tratados escritos no início do século V, no contexto da Querela Jovinianista: De bono coniugali e De sancta virginitate. Com o auxílio das reflexões teóricas de Michel Foucault, pretende-se apontar que a tentativa discursiva de positivar o matrimônio, em consórcio com o louvor da virgindade, levou Agostinho a adotar posição ambivalente, de modo que seu posicionamento pode ser entendido como, em parte, anti-reprodutivo e, objetivamente, anti-sexualidade ativa. Como resultado, a sexualidade reprodutiva concedida indulgentemente se liga ao longo processo histórico de naturalização do que hodiernamente denominamos de heteronormatividade.
Social boundaries and social-political categories in Early Imperial Roman History
Authors: Faversani Fabio
Published: November 2018

This article discusses different historiographical approaches that dominated the studies on early imperial Roman history during the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. In order to do this, it focuses on two historiographic controversies: in the first place, the modernist-primitivist debate concerning economic history; in the second place, the debate about the constitutionalist approach to Roman politics, and the criticism it attracted. We conclude that historians have paid great attention to the elements that characterize the different spheres of social life, and to the reasons why scholars ought to favour one of them - especially whether to consider more structural or more dynamic aspects of social life. Our article considers the challenges in surveying the elements that integrate and separate these different spheres, i.e. the frontiers, suggesting possible approaches to overcome these limits, mainly by paying attention to their boundaries and connections.
Uma análise da vida cotidiana e dos espaços domésticos de Atenas (séc. VI-IV a.C.)
Authors: Guimarães Neto Edson Moreira
Published: November 2018

Neste artigo, tentaremos observar e analisar a vida cotidiana dentro do contexto dos espaços domésticos e como as esposas legítimas e as cortesãs (inclusive na qualidade de agentes rituais) conviviam com os cidadãos atenienses nesses lugares. Por meio do trabalho com a documentação proposta, tomaremos as esferas de convivência e os processos de interação social intragrupais e intergrupais para analisar os pontos similares entre as vidas das atenienses e das hetaírai, e assim elucidarmos como o discurso em torno da matriz feminina era operado para fundamentar a construção conceitual da vida doméstica.
The Role and Effectiveness of United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in the Cyprus Island
Authors: Soydemir Abdullah
Published: November 2018

The UN continues its peacekeeping mission in the Cyprus Island since 1964. The role and effectiveness of this mission inspires interest for further research. The rationale and the importance of this research lie on the requirement to study the organization, roles, and effectiveness of UN in carrying out its mandate in the island. This research can make a significant contribution to the literature as it addresses a substantial topic in the field. The specific aims of this research are to analyze the roles and organization of this mission and to draw conclusion on whether it has been effective in carrying out its mandate. A qualitative research method and a case study design have been followed in this research. It has been concluded that UN has been quite successful in normalization, and partially successful in maintaining peace and order, but has failed in preventing conflicts between communities from 1964 to 1974.
Variación de los dominios forestal y herbáceo en el paisaje vegetal de la península Ibérica en los últimos 20.000 años. Importancia del efecto de los grandes herbívoros sobre la vegetación
Authors: Montserrat-Martí G. , Gómez-García D.
Published: November 2018

Los mega-herbívoros (masa corporal superior a 1000 kg) contribuyen a estructurar el paisaje vegetal por medio del consumo, la rotura y el desarraigo de numerosas plantas leñosas, tendiendo a transformar las zonas boscosas en mosaicos de pasto, matorral y bosque. Estos mosaicos ayudan a mantener una elevada biodiversidad ya que facilitan la persistencia de plantas y animales de ambientes esteparios desarbolados y forestales densos que alternaron en los paisajes europeos siguiendo los ciclos glaciales del Pleistoceno. La desaparición de los mega-herbívoros de la península Ibérica a final del Pleistoceno seguramente provocó una cascada de efectos ecológicos que todavía desconocemos. También ignoramos las causas de esta desaparición, si fueron naturales o antrópicas, por lo que tampoco podemos saber si los paisajes vegetales que se desarrollaron posteriormente, en el Holoceno, son de origen natural o antrópico.El objetivo de esta revisión es explorar en la literatura científica la hipótesis de que la transformación del paisaje por el hombre tras su llegada a Europa comenzaría por la caza intensiva de los grandes herbívoros, causando su desaparición o la disminución drástica de sus poblaciones. La consiguiente reducción del efecto de estos animales sobre las plantas leñosas, que había sido muy intenso en los anteriores interglaciares, propiciaría una marcada recuperación forestal al final del Pleistoceno y comienzos del Holoceno. Los bosques densos se extenderían mermando los pastos y herbívoros de espacios abiertos, que fueron el principal sustento de Homo sapiens en el Pleistoceno. Esta limitación obligaría a los humanos a cambiar su dieta para sobrevivir y, en un periodo de tiempo relativamente corto, a adoptar un nuevo modo de vida basado en la ganadería y la agricultura.Los resultados de la revisión no permiten avalar ni rechazar la hipótesis planteada, ni siquiera alguna de las cuestiones más relevantes derivadas de ella. Varios fundamentos de esta hipótesis se debaten actualmente y están dando lugar a interpretaciones contrapuestas.Se discuten los aspectos ecológicos más relevantes encontrados, se proponen algunas ideas para su interpretación y se enfatizan las limitaciones de la información paleo-ecológica publicada para responder a preguntas tan generales como las que planteamos.
EMISSÕES DE GEE RELACIONADAS À BIOMASSA NAS USINAS HIDRELÉTRICAS DE TUCURUÍ E BELO MONTE: UMA COMPARAÇÃO INTUITIVA COM A ENERGIA ELÉTRICA TÉRMICA
Authors: Iorio Martina , Caravaggio Nicola
Published: November 2018

RESUMO: O Brasil, a 7ª potência econômica mundial segundo o FMI, é um dos países do mundo com a matriz energética mais limpa. Desde a década de 80, a opinião pública e os debates oficiais têm estado cada vez mais preocupados com a poluição gerada por qualquer tipo de fonte de energia e agora novos compromissos nesse sentido estão contidos no programa de aceleração do crescimento. A principal parte da produção de energia no Brasil atualmente é baseada na hidroeletricidade, mas a fonte de água está bem concentrada, especialmente na região amazônica, e o impacto da hidroeletricidade não é tão conhecido até o momento. Assim, métodos simples e novos para calcular quanta hidreletricidade está limpa são necessários. Nesse sentido, será apresentado um método baseado na avaliação das emissões de GEE de Tucuruí e Belo Monte (dois dos principais projetos em todo o País). Todo resultado tem que ser comparado com o desempenho de outra fonte de energia que possa, na verdade, representar uma alternativa (a termoeletricidade na Amazônia), enfrentando também o desafio da crescente demanda de energia por diversificar a matriz energética. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Emissões de GEE, Hidroelétricas, Termoelétricas.
Confined Polymers as Self-Avoiding Random Walks on Restricted Lattices
Authors: Benito Javier , Karayiannis Nikos Ch. , Laso Manuel
Published: November 2018

Polymers in highly confined geometries can display complex morphologies including ordered phases. A basic component of a theoretical analysis of their phase behavior in confined geometries is the knowledge of the number of possible single-chain conformations compatible with the geometrical restrictions and the established crystalline morphology. While the statistical properties of unrestricted self-avoiding random walks (SAWs) both on and off-lattice are very well known, the same is not true for SAWs in confined geometries. The purpose of this contribution is a) to enumerate the number of SAWs on the simple cubic (SC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) lattices under confinement for moderate SAW lengths, and b) to obtain an approximate expression for their behavior as a function of chain length, type of lattice, and degree of confinement. This information is an essential requirement for the understanding and prediction of entropy-driven phase transitions of model polymer chains under confinement. In addition, a simple geometric argument is presented that explains, to first order, the dependence of the number of restricted SAWs on the type of SAW origin.
Deforestation and Forest Degradation Due to Gold Mining in the Peruvian Amazon: A 34-Year Perspective
Authors: Caballero Espejo Jorge , Messinger Max , Roman D. Francisco , Ascorra Cesar , Fernandez Luis E. , Silman Miles
Published: November 2018

While deforestation rates decline globally they are rising in the western Amazon. Artisanal-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a large cause of this deforestation and brings with it extensive environmental, social, governance, and public health impacts, including large carbon emissions and mercury pollution. Underlying ASGM is a broad network of factors that influence its growth, distribution, and practices such as poverty, flows of legal and illegal capital, conflicting governance, and global economic trends. Despite its central role in land use and land cover change in the western Amazon and the severity of its social and environmental impacts, it is relatively poorly studied. While ASGM in southeastern Peru has been quantified previously, doing so is difficult due to the heterogeneous nature of the resulting landscape. Using a novel approach to classify mining that relies on a fusion of CLASlite and the Global Forest Change dataset, two Landsat-based deforestation detection tools, we sought to quantify ASGM-caused deforestation in the period 1984-2017 in the southern Peruvian Amazon and examine trends in the geography, methods, and impacts of ASGM across that time. We identify nearly 100,000 ha of deforestation due to ASGM in the 34-year study period, an increase of 21% compared to previous estimates. Further, we find that 10% of that deforestation occurred in 2017, with 53% occurring since 2011. Finally, we demonstrate key patterns and changes in ASGM activity and techniques through time and space and discuss their connections with, and impacts on, socio-economic factors such as land tenure, infrastructure, international markets, governance efforts, and social and environmental impacts.
Colloidal Lignin Particles as Adhesives for Soft Materials
Authors: Mattinen Maija-Liisa , Riviere Guillaume , Henn Alexander , Nugroho Robertus Wahyu N. , Leskinen Timo , Nivala Outi , Valle-Delgado Juan José , Kostiainen Mauri A. , Österberg Monika
Published: November 2018

Lignin has interesting functionalities to be exploited in adhesives for medicine, foods and textiles. Nanoparticles (NPs) <100 nm coated with poly(L-lysine), PL and poly(L-glutamic acid) PGA were prepared from the laccase treated lignin to coat nanocellulose fibrils (CNF) with heat. NPs ca. 300 nm were prepared, β-casein coated and cross-linked with transglutaminase (Tgase) to agglutinate chamois specimens. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize polymerized lignin, zetapotential and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to ensure coating of colloidal lignin particles (CLPs). Protein adsorption on lignin was studied by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was exploited to examine interactions between different polymers and to image NPs with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tensile testing showed, when using CLPs for the adhesion, the stress improved ca. 10 and strain ca. 6 times compared to polymeric lignin. For the β-casein NPs the values were 20 and 8, respectively, and for the β-casein coated CLPs between these two cases. When NPs were dispersed in adhesive formulation, the Young's moduli confirmed significant improvement in the elasticity of the joints over the adhesive alone. Exploitation lignin in nanoparticulate morphology is a potential method to prepare bionanomaterials for advanced applications.
Improvement of Speech/Music Classification for 3GPP EVS Based on LSTM
Authors: Kang Sang-Ick , Lee Sangmin
Published: November 2018

Speech/music classification that facilitates optimized signal processing from classification results has been extensively adapted as an essential part of various electronics applications, such as multi-rate audio codecs, automatic speech recognition, and multimedia document indexing. In this paper, a new technique to improve the robustness of speech/music classifier for 3GPP enhanced voice service (EVS) using long short-term memory (LSTM) is proposed. For effective speech/music classification, feature vectors implemented with the LSTM are chosen from the features of the EVS. Experiments show that LSTM-based speech/music classification produces better results than conventional EVS under a variety of conditions and types of speech/music data.
Sustainable Community Development or Voluntourism: Illustrative Case Study of Sustainable Housing in Maharashtra
Authors: Melles Gavin
Published: November 2018

Volunteer tourism or ‘voluntourism’ packages development and poverty as culturally exotic and ethical experiences for tourists from industrialized countries. In the university sector study abroad tours network voluntourism agencies, local actors, e.g. NGOs, universities and government funding to offer students ‘life changing’ experiential and community development learning. Recent criticism of the commodification of development and poverty through such tours points to multiple pernicious effects of such travel, especially the failure to deliver community impact. Following review of current criticism of voluntourism, this illustrative case study of a purported sustainable housing project in rural Maharashtra employs multiple data sources and covert research to explore the multiple gaps between participatory community sustainable development and voluntourism. The study finds signal lack of financial transparency, incompetent assessment of material needs, and limited local participation and control, failure to deliver on objectives, and recommends that socially responsible short term international exchanges should be carefully monitored and prefer knowledge exchange.
The Impact of Tumor Eco-Evolution in Tumor Sampling
Authors: Lopez-Fernandez Estibaliz , Lopez Jose I.
Published: November 2018

Malignant tumors behave dynamically as cell communities governed by ecological principles. Massive sequencing tools are unveiling the true dimension of the heterogeneity of these communities along their evolution in most human neoplasms, clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCC) included. Although initially thought to be purely stochastic processes, very recent genomic analyses have shown that temporal tumor evolution in CCRCC may follow some deterministic pathways that give rise to different clones and sub-clones randomly spatially distributed across the tumor. This fact makes each case unique, unrepeatable and unpredictable. Precise and complete molecular information is crucial for patients with cancer since it may help in establishing a personalized therapy. Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) detection relies on the correctness of tumor sampling and this is part of the pathologist’s daily work. International protocols for tumor sampling are insufficient today. They were conceived decades ago, when ITH was not an issue, and have remained unchanged until now. Noteworthy, an alternative and more efficient sampling method for detecting ITH has been developed recently. This new method, called multisite tumor sampling (MSTS), is specifically addressed to large tumors that are impossible to be totally sampled, and represent an opportunity to improve ITH detection without extra costs.
Cooperative-Competitive Paradigm in Real Time Traffic Signal Settings Based on Floating Car Data
Authors: Astarita Vittorio , Giofrè Vincenzo Pasquale , Guido Giuseppe , Vitale Alessandro
Published: November 2018

New technologies such as "connected" and "autonomous" vehicles are going to change the future of traffic signal control and management and possibly will introduce new traffic signal systems that will be based on floating car data (FCD). The use of floating car data to regulate, in real-time, traffic signal systems has the potential for an increased sustainability of transportation in terms of energy efficiency, traffic safety and environmental issues. However, research has never explored how not "connected" vehicles would benefit by the implementation of such systems. This paper explores the use of floating car data to regulate in real-time traffic signal systems in terms of cooperative-competitive paradigm between "connected" vehicles and conventional vehicles. In a dedicated laboratory, developed for testing regulation algorithms, results show that "invisible vehicles" for the system (which are not "connected") in most simulated cases also benefit when real time traffic signal settings based on floating car data are introduced. Moreover, the study estimates the energy and air quality impacts of signal regulation by evaluating fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. Specifically, the study demonstrates that significant improvements in air quality are possible with the introduction of FCD regulated traffic signals.