bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE GLOBAL FOOD CRISIS IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS BY THE ASYMMETRIC TVP-VAR METHOD
Authors:   Dokuz Eylul University, TASDOKEN Oznur , KAHYAOGLU Hakan ,   Dokuz Eylul University
Published: March 2023

It is the expenditure on consumption that constitutes the basic share of the expenditures of the households that supply labor as a factor of production in an economy. These expenditures have an indirect effect on the input costs of the companies that demand labor as a production factor. The change in food prices determines both the relative price structure of the economy and the inflationary trend in the economy for the future, depending on the changes in labor and goods markets. For this reason, households that make the consumption decisions of companies as a producer decision unit in the economy are highly sensitive to changes in food commodity prices. A continuous and permanent change in food commodity prices has a direct impact on consumption expenditures and investment decisions. This effect causes supply shocks that may arise as a result of food and commodity prices to turn into demand shocks at the same time. From this point of view, this study investigates the distribution of volatility in global commodity prices, food commodity prices, Baltic dry indices, and crude oil prices, which are the indicators of price trends of basic inputs in international markets. Thus, the mechanism of spillover of a possible supply shock is revealed at the international level under the restrictions of the asymmetric TVP-VAR approach.
PROSPECTS OF THE GLOBAL ECONOMY AFTER COVID-19
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Turkish-Kazakh University, ZHANALTAY Zhengizkhan
Published: March 2023

Thorsten Beck and Yung Chul Park (Eds.). Prospects of the Global Economy after COVID-19. Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) Press. 2022. pp. 131.
The Health Consequences of Power Outages - Electricity Load-Shedding Problem in Country
Authors: Shah Syed Zulfiquar Ali , Shaikh Muhammed Kashif , Nisar Nusrat , Bibi, Ishrat , Gill Isra , Ali Fareeha , . Nudrat
Published: March 2023

Electricity powers the economic system. Households need stable electricity since many tasks require it1. Pakistan had frequent power outages for decades. The monopolistic supplier used cyclical load shedding over many hours a day in much of the country to avoid unplanned blackouts and meet power demand due to power production losses. Load shedding occurs when power demand exceeds the supply2. Pakistan's major power resource for heating, cooking, and lighting is electricity, although load shedding's economic impacts are mostly highlighted due to the country's difficult economic circumstances. Health effects and expenses are poorly documented. This is concerning because hospital reports relate blackouts to health effects, such as excessive stress on already overburdened personnel after procedures2. For individuals who try to deal with electricity, unannounced load shedding is worse. Protesters block highways over power cuts. The police have confirmed lots of crime in big cities. Power interruptions disrupt industrial consumers' regular operations. Power failures shuttered tube wells and water pumps, affecting water supply and mills.3 Electrical network breakdowns raise hospitalizations, health problems, and death, while natural calamities and severe weather events which were followed by power outages, damaged the population's overall well-being by increasing emergency admissions4.
Early Cholecystectomy versus Conservative Management in Mucocele Gall Bladder
Authors: Kumar Dileep , Afzal Muhammad , Samee Muhammad Umair , Mirani Shahid Hussain , Rasheed Tayyaba
Published: March 2023

Aim: To compare the early cholecystectomy versus conservative management in mucocele gall bladder. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration of study: Department of General Surgery, Ward-2, JPMC/Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi from 1st October 2020 to 30th September 2022. Methodology: One hundred patients suffering from cholelithiasis with mucocele gall bladder were included. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of stone location. Group 1 was those where the stone was found on the base of common bile duct (CBD) and elective/early surgery was conducted for the cases of cholelithiasis. Group 2 was those where conservative/delayed surgical technique was applied due to stone location not in the CBD for treatment. While in each group there were 50 cases which were age and gender matched. The first priority for surgical option was through laparoscopic surgery. Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.2±3.3 years. Out of the total cases in group 1 the process of ERCP was conducted in 64% of the cases before laparoscopy. There were 1% and 10% cases which were shifted to open surgery from laparoscopic in group1 and 2 respectively. Consequently, the mean operative time and hospital duration was increased in group 2. Within the Group 2 cases the risk of sepsis, wound contamination and perforation of gall bladder was much higher than in the Group 1 by a value of 10%, 12% and 6% respectively. There was 1 case of mortality and 2 cases of pancreatitis in group 2. Conclusion: The early cholecystectomy is a much safer and efficient procedure on treatment of mucocele gall bladder cases verses conservative management. Keywords: Early cholecystectomy, Conservative management, Mucocele gall bladder
Transverses Abdominis-Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Inguinal Hernia Repair under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kumar Gotam , Kumar Udesh , . Hiranand , Parkash Jai , Zahid Muhammad Arslan
Published: March 2023

Aim: To compare outcome of transverses abdominis plane block versus placebo for postoperative analgesia in inguinal hernia repair under general anaesthesia Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and duration: Department of Anesthesia Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from 6th September 2017 to 6th February 2018 Methodology: One hundred patients with inguinal hernia repair under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled. They were divided into two groups; group A (receiving Bupivacaine) and group B (receiving normal saline). Outcome was checked by comparing both the groups for pain score and analgesic consumption. Results: There were 64(64%) males where as 36(36%) females with mean age of 40.32±6.710 years. In group A, the mean pain score was 4.64±1.54and mean analgesic consumption was 139.38±46.98 while in group B it was 5.62±1.29and 238.30±44.49. Conclusion: The ultrasound directed transversus-abdominis plane block delivers an efficient and virtuous post-operative analgesia method. It also decreases the requirement of analgesic with provision of reliable visual analogue scale scores having reduced complications after the surgery of inguinal hernia. Keywords: Pain score, Analgesic consumption, Spinal anesthesia, Inguinal hernia
Common Clinical signs and symptoms observed in Patients diagnosed with Thyrotoxicosis in Gujranwala, Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Adnan , Rashid Sadia , Sadaqat Saveela , Junaid Nadia , Rizwan Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Aim: To assess the common clinical sign and symptoms in Patients of Thyrotoxicosis in Gujranwala, Pakistan. This study was conducted at the Civil Hospital and Salamat Hospital & Healthcare Center, Gujranwala from July 2019 to February 2020. Methods: This was a prospective study consisted of 120, male and female patients of different age groups, diagnosed with thyroid gland disorder. The Clinical features and history related to thyroid disorders was taken. Complete thyroid profile was checked in initial screening of Thyrotoxicosis.The bloodscreening for various thyroid hormonal levels,Thyroid imaging for the patients with neck swelling and clinically various thyroid function tests were done by using Radiation Imaging (Radiotracers) techniques. Aninformed consent of all patients was taken before tests and study. The data was recorded on designed Performa. Results: In this study the prevalence of Thyrotoxicosis patients was higher in females (78) than male (42) and majority of patients belonged to 31-50 years of age range. Various typical clinical sign and symptoms of Thyrotoxicosis like Goiter, sweating, heat intolerance, Hoarseness, Tremors, Diarrhoea, anxiety, hair loss, Menstrual irregularities in females, Exophthlmus, increased appetite and poly urea were observed in patients diagnosed with Thyrotoxicosis.While in blood screening, marked mean ±SD of BMI, free T3ng/dL, T4(ng/dL) and TSH(mlU/L) were found in male & female patients (table 2). Conclusion and practical implication: Thyroid casesare found high in our population. This high prevalence rate is affecting the health and quality of life of affected persons. So it is deeply felt that awareness to use dietary iodineand other remedies isa need of hour for our communities to decrease high prevalence of the thyroid dysfunctions and improve health and quality of life of the community. Keywords: Thyrotoxicosis, Radiotracers, Radiation Imaging Technique, Signs and Symptoms, TSH, T3 and T4, Prevalence.
Flexible Laryngoscopy Audit in Outpatient Department of a tertiary care hospital, Islamabad
Authors: Umar Mumtaz Ahmad , Mushwani Mohibullah , Arshad Naveed
Published: March 2023

Background: Flexible laryngoscopy is less operator/patient dependent diagnostic procedure with magnified field and well tolerated diagnostic procedure. Flexible laryngoscopy is tolerable diagnostic procedure with clear and magnified visualization of interior larynx. Aim: To audit the flexible laryngoscope in outpatient department in our local setting. Methods: A retrospective audit survey was carried out in Outpatient ENT Department of Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital, Islamabad between June 2021 and May 2022. Total 85 patients with age range 10-80 years, with history of laryngopharyngeal symptoms and preoperative evaluation of thyroidectomy patients were selected. After getting detail history of flexible naso-pharyngo-laryngoscopy and findings were documented and analyzed. Under local anesthesia, spray in the nose and throat gargles. The laryngoscope passed through nose and nasopharynx into the laryngopharynx, and assessing all the structures. Data was analyzed through SPSS v 22. Results: The patients mean age was 28.96±9.14 years. Among all the patients 49(57.64%) were female and 36(42.3%) were male. The population highest percentage 26(30.5%) were 21-30 years old. The laryngeal complaint of hoarseness was highest with 38.8% indicated after flexible laryngoscope procedure according to other symptoms. According to diagnosis made on flexible laryngoscopy, the vocal nodules were highest with 15.3% detected. The diagnostic tools in diagnosis of laryngeal pathologies, its availability and cost effectiveness led to limited access of the patients to such sophisticated diagnostic procedure. Conclusion: Flexible laryngoscopy gives detailed visualization of the larynx and don’t leave the examiner inconclusive about laryngeal pathologies. Keywords: Clinical audit; Diagnostic equipment; Laryngoscopy; Nasopharyngeal diseases; Outpatient clinics, hospital.
Occurrence and antimicrobial profiling of K. pneumoniae in burn patients at burn ward, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad
Authors: Qaisar M Usman , Aslam M. Aamir , Ullah Kaleem , Kanwar Rabia , Ali Saqib , Farzand Ifra , Mehmood Zain , Hussain Ammar
Published: March 2023

Background: Klebsiella pneumonia is an opportunistic pathogen causing a great array of illness both in humans and animals and responsible for high mortality rate in burn patients. Aim: To determine occurrence of K. pneumonia in burn wound patients and to check antibiotic sensitivity of K. pneumoniae. Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted and 50 samples of burn wound patients from Allied Hospital Faisalabad were taken for isolation, identification and antibiotic resistance pattern of K. pneumonia. Samples then inoculated on MacConkey agar for pure colonies. For identification gram staining and biochemical test were performed. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique was used to determined antibiotic sensitivity profiling K.pneumoniae against various disks. Results: On MacConkey agar mucoid, lactose fermenting pink colonies of K. pneumoniae were observed. Among the biochemical tests, catalase, citrate and VP test were found to be positive whereas indole and methyl red tests were found to be negative. Occurrence of K. pneumoniae was 28% in burn patients. Antibiotic sensitivity profiling showed that K. pneumonia was found highly sensitive to Imipenem (88.94%), meropenem (79.32%), ertapenem (75%), moderately sensitive to aminoglycoside group (amikacin 59.13%, gentamicin 52.40%, Netilmicin 50.96%), piperacillin-tazobactam (53.84%) mildly sensitive to tobramycin (49.51%), nitrofurantoin (48.07%), levofloxacin (45.19%) Conclusion: K. pneumoniae and other gram negative bacilli are frequently associated with nosocomial burn infection. Furthermore, most isolates of K. pneumoniae from burn units were MDR K. pneumonia. Keywords: Opportunistic pathogen, Antibiotic sensitive, Burn, Mortality, Nosocomial.
Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Frequency and causes among Population of Lahore
Authors: Shoaib Najma , Qureshi Muhammad Atif , Latif Muhammad Zahid
Published: March 2023

Background: Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy is prime hurdle in control and eradication of Covid-19 pandemic. The rapid Procedure of development of new vaccines resulted in a lot of false information and rumors leading to decrease trust of the public in the safetyand effectiveness of the vaccine. Aim: To study the frequency and causes of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy amid population of Lahore. Methods: This cross sectional study design was done on a sample of 385 participants from lahore were included in the study. Frequency and causes were recorded on the prescribed questionnaire. Results: Frequency of hesitancy was found to be 41.7%. 12.8% had doubts related to efficacy and safety of the vaccine. 9.9% were of the view that the risks of the vaccine are greater than its benefits. 5.7% assumed that vaccines were promoted for gains of pharmaceutical companies. 4.4% were concerned about the immediate side effects of the vaccine. 2.6% responded by saying that vaccine was not recommended by health professionals. 2.3% had myths related to vaccine. And lastly, 1.63% said vaccine was not available free of cost. Conclusion: Hesitancy of covid-19 vaccine is seen more in illiterate people and the main cause of hesitancy is uncertainty related to protection and efficacy of covid-19 vaccine. Keywords: Covid-19 vaccine, hesitancy, myths, safety and efficacy, uncertainty, doubt, well being ,protection
Seasonal Incidence of Eclampsia amongst Pregnant Women: Our experience at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Akhter Naheed , Iqbal Madiha , Iqbal Sana , Khan Shandana , Safdar Sabah , Ahmad Basharat
Published: March 2023

Background: The causes of preeclampsia and eclampsia, two serious maternal disorders, are unknown. Understanding the precise correlation between various weather patterns may aid us in determining the possible causes of these phenomena. Eclampsia is associated with decreased temperature, increased humidity, and decreased barometric pressure. Aim: To understand the correlation between weather changes and the prevalence of eclampsia in patients visiting Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from July 2020 to June 2021. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected over a 12-month period, noting the prevalence of eclampsia in our patients who presented for delivery. Results: Total 5330 deliveries over a 12-months period wererecorded. Age ranged between 16-45 years with a mean age of 30.5 years. Total 2110(39.6%) belong to maternal age of 16-20 years, 2280(42.8%) in 21-30 years and 940(17.6%) belongs to maternal age of 31-45 years. The highest number ofdeliveriesoccurredinsummer 1720(32.2%), followed by 1412(26.5%) in winter, 1190(22.3%) in Spring and 1008(18.9%) in Fall season. Practical implication: The result of this study is important for improving the quality-of-life and survival status of mothers and newborn babies and for social-capital and sustainable economic growth of the country at large. Conclusion: A slight reduction in the incidence of eclampsia was related with delivering in the fall as opposed to the winter. This is because the incidence of eclampsia has a direct linear association with rising temperature. Keywords: Eclampsia, Weather, Climate, Temperature, Humidity, Atmospheric pressure.
Frequency of Wound Infection after Duodenal Ulcer Perforation Repair
Authors: Khan Sonia Rahim , Alam Jamshed , Marwan Muhammad , . Shahinda , Khan Laila , Rahman Naseem-Ur- , Bibi Romana
Published: March 2023

Aim: To determine the frequency of wound infection after duodenal ulcer perforation repair. Methodology: This descriptive Case series Study in the department of Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital from February 2021-July 2021, Peshawar. A total of 123 patients with perforated duodenal ulcer, included those aged 20 to 60 years. Immuno-compromised patients, CRF & CLD were excluded. A single dose of broad-spectrum antibiotic was given prior to undergone open repair by a consultant surgeon followed by two more shorts of antibiotic given post operatively at the interval of 8 hours each. Patients were followed postoperatively for 4 weeks and surgical site infection was noted. Results: The study patients age ranged from 20 to 60 years, with a mean age of 43.77±9.35 years. Most of the patients 77(62.60%) were in the 20–40 years age range.Male to female ratio of these 123 cases was 2.1:1, with 83(67.48%) males and 40(32.52%) females. In our study, frequency of wound infection after duodenal ulcer perforation repair was found in 28(22.76%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that the clinicians should take some practical recommendations regarding control of surgical site infectionsin order to lower the morbidity and mortality of these specific patients. Keywords: perforated duodenal ulcer, open repair,surgical site infection.
Effect of Different Cross-Infection Control Barriers on Intensity of Curing Light: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Siddique Saqib Naeem , Babar Palwasha , Tanvir Huma , Aslam Hafsa , Khurram Hamda , Hassan Eesha
Published: March 2023

Aim: To evaluate the effect of different cross infection control barriers on the intensity of the curing light. Study Design: In-vitro experimental study. Place and duration: Department of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, The University of Lahore from January to March 2022. Methodology: The intensity of the light-curing unit was measured using a radiometer. The intensity of light without using any barrier was taken as control. Four barriers were used; polythene glove, latex glove, cling film wrap and standard barrier tape. Ten measurements for each group were performed after placing each type of protection barrier and the average was taken. The data was analyzed using SPSS v 22. Results: The mean value for light intensity without using any barrier was found to be 737.6 mW/cm2. The light intensity was maximum for cling film, polythene glove, barrier tape and latex glove with mean values of 720.6 mW/cm2, 581.2 mW/cm2, 541.7 mW/cm2 and 255.06 mW/cm2 respectively. A comparison of the output values without barrier and with different barriers showed a statistically significant difference with all barriers except cling film. Conclusion: It was found that cling film, polythene glove and barrier tape could serve as a barrier to cover the tip of the light curing unit. Keywords: Dental curing light, cross-infection, composite resin
Previous Abdomen-Pelvic Surgeries in Infertility patients, their Effects on Tubal Factor Infertility and Safety of Laparoscopy
Authors: Akhtar Shamim , Bibi Humaira , Cheema Rizwana Nasreen , Baig Asma Amin , Yaqoob Shagufta , . Najia
Published: March 2023

Aim: To see the types of previous abdomen pelvic surgeries, tubal factor involvement and safety of laparoscopy in infertile patients. Study design: This was a retrospective cross sectional study Place and duration: The study was conducted at Health Care Center Hospital pvt Ltd from July 2020 to June 2022. Methods: All patients with primary or secondary infertility who had history of abdomen- pelvic surgeries were included.Patients who had midline abdominal scar extending above umbilicus were excluded. Data was collected from hospital recordsand analyzed by SPSS version 25. Results: Pelvic adhesions were present in 50(48.5%) patients. Supra pubic transverse incision had 46.7% (24/60)adhesions and 50% (2/4) adhesions were seen in midline incision. 46 (45.06%)patient had tubal pathology.There was no access related injury to omentum or bowel. Access to peritoneal cavity was 100%andnoconversion to laparotomy. There was no delayed complications necessitating to reopen. Conclusion: Laparoscopy is safe in patients who had previous abdominal and pelvic surgery. Microsurgical techniques should be learnt to avoid complications. Keywords: Infertility, Laparoscopy, Abdomen- pelvic surgery, Adhesions.
Evaluation of Patient’s Aesthetic Satisfaction after the Cementation of the Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown
Authors: Memon Lubna , Choudhry Ziaullah , Aslam Kashif , Malik Sofia , Sukhia H R , Ali Anwar , Ahmed M. Adeel , Jouhar Rizwan , Vohra Fahim
Published: March 2023

Aim: To assess the aesthetic satisfaction with the metal-ceramic dental prosthesis in relation to patient education, age and gender. Methods: This prospective longitudinal study was undertaken by selecting 360 adult patients from both genders indicated for single maxillary porcelain fused to metal crowns. These patients were categorized into three groups based on gender, age, and education. Patients were assessed for aesthetic satisfaction for tooth shape; color, angulation, visibility, and shade at the time of insertion and at a follow-up of 12 weeks. At the time of the prosthesis insertion, a self-evaluation questionnaire was provided to each patient to record their satisfaction levels with the prosthesis. Satisfaction levels among the participants were evaluated based on participants' age, gender, and education level (Chi-square). A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study enrolled 150(41.67%) males and 210(58.33%) females with the participant age ranging from 19 to 60 years and a mean age of 30.53 (± 10.88 years). 84(23.3%) were uneducated participants, 210(58.3%) were high school graduates, and 66(18.3%) were university graduates. A decrease in the level of satisfaction was observed with increasing years of patient education at insertion. The overall aesthetic satisfaction among patients at PFM crown insertion (65%) and at 12 weeks follow-up (69.2%) was statistically comparable (p>0.05). Practical implication: Aesthetic is the most important consideration for the replacement of anterior teeth. Numerous studies evaluated the aesthetic satisfaction of the patients after providing full ceramic prosthesis, however, data regarding patient satisfaction after the metal ceramic dental prosthesisis scarce in the scientific literature. Conclusion: Satisfaction with the esthetic restoration depends on patient education and awareness. Age and education add to a person's experience and increase awareness with respect to better aesthetics. Keywords: Aesthetics; patient satisfaction; assessment; patient care, metal ceramic prosthesis
Radiographic Appearance and Root Resorption Caused by Ameloblastoma in pts attending Teaching Institute of Dentistry
Authors: Jehan Ruqqia , Shoaib Muhammad , Afzal Javeria , Ali Muhammad , Noor Asif , Jamil Muhammad , Sajid Mustafa
Published: March 2023

Background: Odontogenic tumors represent the heterogeneous organization of lesions with numerous histopathological characteristics and medical manifestations. Ameloblastoma is real neoplasm of odontogenic epithelium, constitute one percentage of oral complete ectodermal tumors &9percentage of an odontogenic tumors4. This tumor is benign, which suggests the insidious slowly increase, regionally aggressive having excessive recurrence rate5 Aim: To evaluate radiographical features and root resorption among patients of Ameloblastoma reporting to Dept. of OMFS Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Place and duration of study: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Multan Dental College Multan. Duration of this study was 2 years from 1st Jan 2021 to 31th Dec 2022. Methodology: A descriptive audit including all patient records with a histo-pathologically confirmed report of ameloblastoma based on the routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. Consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used. Results: One hundred and forty people with an ameloblastoma were contained within ours study amongst whom 45(32.1%) were female and 95(67.9%) were men. 123(87.9%) lesions were found in the mandible. Swelling was mostly told symptoms in 137(97.8%) of all cases. 76(54.3%) showed root resorption. Radiographically, the multilocular appearance accounted for 97(69.3%) while uni-loculancy was present in 43(30.7%) of the lesions. Practical implication: This study help in diagnosis of amelolastoma. This also guides the clinician to differentiate different forms of aelolastoma and differentially diagnose from other radiolucent lesions. Conclusion: This study pointed that ameloblastoma was seen more in men when compared with females Most cases showed root resorption. Mostly ameloblastomas were of multi-locular form/pattern with posterior are of lower jaw as most frequent site involved. Keywords: Ameloblastoma, features, radiolucency & Multi-locular
Effects of Iliotibial Band Myofascial Release with/without Stretching with Iliotibial Band Tightness Secondary to Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Rahman Hamna , Afzal Zirwa , Ramzan Osama , Tauseef Saman , Usman Tahreem , Qadeer Syeda Iqra , Maqbool Sania
Published: March 2023

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA), also referred to as degenerative joint disease of the knee, is brought on by wear-and-tear and the slow loss of articular cartilage. The term "iliotibial band" (IT band) also refers to the iliotibial tract or Maissiat's band. Methodology: This study was conducted using randomized clinical trial, quasi experimental research design as we need to make 2 groups and evaluate the effects of Iliotibial band myofascial release and stretching on the patients of knee OA. Study population was 36 individuals of ages 50-70 having knee osteoarthritis grade II or III characterized by Kellgren-Lawrence grades, visiting the physical therapy department of Mumtaz physiotherapy clinic. It was a randomized clinical trial with convenient sampling where participants were randomly allocated in two groups by simple random sampling, one group was experimental that received IT band myofascial release other than the stretching and baseline treatment and second group received the myofascial release and baseline treatment only. Data collection tools were Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Woman Osteoarthritis index. For the within group analysis of VAS, Friedman test was used and wilcoxon signed rank test was used for the within group analysis of the WOMAC. For the between group analysis of variables, Mann-whitney U test was used. Results: Both groups showed some significant improvement in all outcome measures (p<0.05), but the results produced by IT band Myofascial release along with stretching group was statistically significant in terms of reduced pain and disability (p<0.0005) as compared to myofascial release alone group. The iliotibial band myofascial release along with stretching has statistically significant effect in improving the pain and disability among knee osteoarthritis patients. Practical Implication: Iliotibial band tightness can potentially lead to the alterations in the mobility of patella and disturb the overall knee complex. Proper arthrokinematics of joint is necessary for ambulation. So, this study focused to draw results from combined therapy of IT band myofascial release and stretching will redound to the benefit of physiotherapy field considering that knee plays an important role in better Quality of life. Conclusions: The iliotibial band myofascial release along with stretching has statistically significant effect in improving the pain and disability among knee osteoarthritis patients. Keywords: IT Band; Myofascial Release; Stretching; WOMAC; VAS.
Frequency of Dyslipidemia in Ischemic Strokes Involving Different Regions of Brain
Authors: Ghafoor Adnan , Ghazanfar Ali , Ashraf Syed Jibran , Sarfraz Maria , Rehman Tanzil-Ur- , Mujtaba Ayesha
Published: March 2023

Background: Most strokes are ischemic; the type of artery involved can affect the prognosis and clinical symptoms. The risk factors for stroke include high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and elevated cholesterol. It has been demonstrated that lipid profile levels and the prognosis of stroke are related. Aim: To determine the frequency of dyslipidemia in ischemic stroke patients based on the location of the infarct. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi from 10 August to 10 January 2022. Methods: Four hundred patients with MRI-proven ischemic stroke were enrolled. The blood samples were obtained, and a lipid profile was used to determine the lipid abnormalities (dyslipidemia). Results: Middle cerebral artery involvement was the most frequently observed among the enrolled ischemic stroke patients, i.e., 54.8%. The overall frequency of dyslipidemia was 92.3%; hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL, and low HDL was present in 47.8%, 50.8%, 33.8%, and 93.8%, respectively. All patients with middle cerebral artery involvement had low HDL levels, 34.25% had high LDL levels, 41.10% had high triglyceride levels, and 54.79% had high cholesterol levels. A significant effect of age, gender, recurrent stroke, and location of infarct was observed on the frequency of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The frequency of dyslipidemia in ischemic stroke patients in Pakistan is relatively high. This emphasized how important it is to reduce these population-wide modifiable risk factors. Keywords: Stroke, Dyslipidemia, Ischemic stroke, Lipid profile
Fabrication of Battery-Operated Roof Paint Sprayer with Automatic Charging Off System
Authors: Panis Romel
Published: March 2023

The study was conducted at Barangay San Juan, Aborlan, Palawan, and was evaluated from April to December 2021. Fabrication of the device was based on the needs of roof painters to lessen their exposure to sunlight during roof painting. The roof paint sprayer was divided into three major parts. First, the container served as overall part with hand carry at the top, which weighs 6 kilograms when empty but approximately 11 kilograms when full. Second, the direct current motor is rated 60 W, 12 V nominal, maximum flow of 5 liters per minute, and a maximum pressure of 116 psi. The base of the motor was fitted at the bottom while the hole of the first container is connected to the inflow of the motor, and a hose with an adjustable nozzle is connected to the outflow. Third, the power source consisted of a connector cord, female socket, 12V transformer, circuit board, green LED, 12Vdc battery, battery indicator, and switch. The performance evaluation of the device revealed during testing showed that at the start the roof paint sprayer works smoothly and sprayed almost 1/3 area of the target area (10×3 meters) for almost 2 minutes but suddenly as it sprayed, the dc motor starts difficult to run until it stopped. The major benefit of the device, if studied further, will spray faster on roofs and smooth output.
Rainbow in The Convent: LGBTQ+ Community and Religious Vocation Inclusivity
Authors: Hermosa Jherwin
Published: March 2023

This study sought to determine the acceptability of the LGBTQ+ community and religious vocation inclusivity among the select residents in the City of San Pablo, Laguna in the Philippines. Transcendental phenomenology was employed using twenty respondents and were interviewed via Google Meet. Results showed that the respondents were generally accepting the LGBTQ+ community towards religious vocation inclusivity. Majority of them were generally accepting the LGBTQ+ members based on three thematic areas identified such as religious vocation as a call for everyone, LGBTQ+ expressions of religiosity and LGBTQ+ members as church leaders. However, the study also presented areas of development the LGBTQ+ community and religious institutions could dialogue towards improved welfare of the LGBTQ+ community in the realm of religious vocation inclusivity. Hence, this paper suggests further representation of LGBTQ individuals in various religious activities, and educational drive and discussions with religious organizations. The results imply a starting element for further research and education for both the LGBTQ+ and religious communities.
Swardspeak as a Communication Medium Among University Students: Empirical Evidence from the Philippines
Authors: Gregorio John Allen , Briol Sairah Mae , Miraflores Reena Marie , Biray Ersyl
Published: March 2023

This descriptive study identified the profile, common swardspeak and frequency of its use, and the situations of usage among the Bachelor of Secondary Education students in a higher education institution in the Philippines during the academic year 2020-2021. Thirty (30) randomly selected respondents supplied the data through a survey questionnaire, which was analyzed using frequency count and percentage. Results showed that most of the students who use swardspeak are female within the age range of 19-22 years old. The most common swardspeak used are afam, akeno/aketch/akis, awra, baboosh, beks/vaklangtow, bonak/junakis, bongga, borlog, chaka/shonget, char/charot/chos, cheka/chika, chosera/chusera, churva, daks, dites/ditey, eclavu, eme/keme, ganern, gora/gorabels, gurl, Hagardo Versoza, hanash, imas, juntis/juntils, juts, kabog, kalerki/nakakalurky, keribels/keriboomboom/keri lang, kiber, knowangji, krayola, lafang, Lotlot/Lotlot De Leon, mamsh/momshee/mudra/mudrakels, murayta, pagoda, pakak, payola, pudra, shala, sinetch/sinetchitey, sizt, shokot, shonga/shunga, shupatid, spyokang, Tom Jones, waley/wis/wit/wiz, warla, and Winwin Marquez. Most of these swardspeak words are sometimes used in public places with friends, and in instances or situations where they have to go with or join a group. These cross-sectional findings can affect further studies as this swardspeak can be enhanced as this generation goes out and come up with sets of new words.
Strategies for Online Teaching: A Best Practice Approach Using Three-Domain Theories
Authors: Billoso Vincent , Cortes Mark Andre , Fabila Nino Miguel , Perez hermin Francis , Sarmiento Nicole
Published: March 2023

As Covid-19 pandemic led to abrupt transformation from face-to-face classes to online learning, questions arise as to which among the lists of teaching strategies can be considered as the best practice for online learning. Hence, this study assessed the best practice approach for online teaching from the three-domain strategy theories: behaviorism; cognitivism; and social constructivism from the lived experience of professors in the Asian Institute of Maritime Studies in the Philippines. The relationship between the teaching strategies and the demographic profiles (age, years of teaching experience, and highest educational attainment) was included to identify factors that could affect the teaching strategies. Using descriptive-correlation design, the study endeavored to describe the teaching strategies of the thirty non-laboratory maritime professors who were selected using complete enumeration sampling. The online platform researcher-made questionnaire was made through Google forms to gather data and distributed to the professors after ensuring the permit, via Microsoft Teams Software, Facebook messenger, or Google mails. To treat the data, percentage, weighted mean, and chi-square were used. Results indicated that the respondents highly utilized the direct instruction strategy under the behaviorism theory followed by flipped instruction strategy under the social constructivism theory and chunking instruction strategy under the cognitivism theory. The chi-square result indicated no significant difference between the teaching strategies and demographic profiles of the professors.
The ideal functional occlusion: A contemporary opinion
Authors: Amel BELKHIRI  , Noureddine Ahmed Fouatih
Published: March 2023

Whenever we are involved in tooth displacement, we must refer to an occlusal concept. There are several, the most used remains that of gnathologists: the canine protected occlusion. In this concept, the upper canine has the privileged role of guiding the laterality movement on its own, without the participation of the other teeth. However, some authors in literature reviews believe that the concept of canine protected occlusion or even that of group function occlusion is without any real scientific basis. They were primarily proposed for the clinical simplification they represent. The aim of this work is to discuss our knowledge on the general topic of functional occlusion in order to be able to make evidence-based treatment decisions.
Case report of pleuropulmonary blastoma: The heterogenous features of a rare primitive neoplasm of the thorax
Authors: Akhila Vemulakonda Lakshmisree , Astudillo Yaritzy , Maxx Shanker Elayna
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare primary neoplasm of the thorax frequently diagnosed in early childhood. Pleuropulmonary blastoma arises from primitive intrathoracic mesenchyme—either pulmonary and pleural, or both. Patients with pleuropulmonary blastoma usually present with respiratory symptoms and are often misdiagnosed as pneumonia in the early clinical course. Pleuropulmonary blastoma can be further classified into types I, II, and III based on histological components. Such histological distinctions have significant implications for the treatment of these lesions as well as prognosis. Currently, the treatment of pleuropulmonary blastoma is surgical resection with or without chemotherapy, based on the histological type.

Case Report: We highlight the histopathological presentation of pleuropulmonary blastoma in a 3-year-old male who presented with nonspecific symptoms. After identifying an intrathoracic mass on imaging, frozen section demonstrated primarily mature cartilaginous tissue without rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation or anaplasia. Surgical resection specimens, however, contained small areas of proliferating spindle cells with skeletal muscle features as well as primitive blastema-like cells. Following ancillary testing, the patient was diagnosed with a type II PPB.

Conclusion: This case illustrates the challenges of using frozen sections to diagnose heterogenous neoplasms such as PPB. The histologic features of this patient’s tumor identified on frozen section were largely mature and benign-appearing. Only when considering the histology of the surgical specimens in combination with immunohistochemistry and gross morphology, we were able to make an accurate assessment about the type of PPB and corresponding prognosis and treatment plan. Therefore, we urge pathologists to consider PPB for large thoracic masses in pediatric patients.
Cross sectional survey to assess the effectiveness of HT KOT among the Ayurveda medical practioners across India
Authors: Anoop A K  , Ramesh.P. R  , K. P. Nair  , P. Venugopalan  , T. Jayaraj
Published: March 2023

Hypertension (High blood pressure) is ranked as the third most important risk factor for attributable burden of disease in south Asia. Hypertension (HTN) exerts a substantial public health burden on cardiovascular health status and healthcare systems in India. Overall prevalence for hypertension in India is 29.8% (95% confidence interval: 26.7–33.0). Significant differences in hypertension prevalence were noted between rural and urban parts of the population. [27.6% (23.2–32.0) and 33.8% (29.7–37.8); P = 0.05) It is estimated that at least one in four adults in India has hypertension, but, only about 12% of them have their blood pressure under control. India has set a target of 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of hypertension (raised blood pressure) by 2025. HT Kot tablet is used in the treatment and management of hypertension. HT Kot contain 3 ingredients namely Jadamamsi (Nardostachys jatamansi), Sarpagandha (Raufolia serpentine) and Ruraksha (Elaeocarpus sphaericus). It is observed that HT kot helps in improving the cardiovascular functions. It is also observed that HT Kot helps to reduce nervousness and anxiety. A descriptive cross sectional survey was done among Ayurvedic physicians in different parts of India. Out of 128 physicians, 86 (67.18%) physicians having more than 10 years of experiences. Survey reveals that majority of the physicians (more than 75%) opined that HT kot is effective in stage 1&2 hypertension. The added effect of HT Kot is that it helps to improve the quality of sleep, reduce hyperactivity in children and anxiety. Majority of the respondents opined that the ideal time of administration of HT kot is after breakfast and dinner. The combination therapy with HT Kot is good in many conditions like hyperactivity, nervousness, hyperacidity and fatigue. The present article is based on the survey conducted among the Ayurvedic practioners in different parts of India, to assess the effectiveness and additional benefits observed with HT kot.
O ACESSO AO ATENDIMENTO PRIMÁRIO DE SAÚDE PELA POPULAÇÃO PRIVADA DE LIBERDADE NO BRASIL
Authors: SILVA Eduarda Araújo Figueiredo , DIAS Viviane Temote , E SILVA Victoria Sampaio Beserra , MOTA Lívia Leopoldino , MARQUES Ana Emilia Formiga
Published: March 2023

O sistema prisional brasileiro é organizado e executado de acordo com normas que regem o funcionamento das leis brasileiras. Tais normas garantem o acesso à saúde como um direito básico de todo cidadão, incluindo aquele indivíduo que está sob tutela do estado, porém, esse direito ainda é, substancialmente, negligenciado quanto à aplicabilidade no ambiente carcerário, visto que a população prisional é composta por mais de 607 mil pessoas. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar pesquisas e estudos que abordassem a perspectiva voltada para a atenção primária de saúde no contexto do ambiente prisional do país, bem como compreender as leis existentes e suas falhas de execução, evidenciando os desafios de saúde pública que essa população enfrenta no cotidiano. Os artigos para o estudo em comento foram pesquisados nas bases de dados bvs, scielo, medline e lilacs, os critérios de inclusão foram os artigos em português e em inglês, os quais foram publicados entre 2015 e 2021, por sua vez, os critérios de exclusão foram monografias, dissertações, teses, revisões de literatura e artigos duplicados.  A partir dessa análise, compreende-se que existem falhas   quanto a assistência primária de saúde no que concerne a garantir um acesso adequado ao sus por esse grupo populacional. Devido a isso, essas pessoas são colocadas em uma situação de vulnerabilidade em relação à saúde, fomentando a necessidade de uma atuação mais ostensiva do poder público e da sociedade civil para garantir que tal direito básico previsto na constituição do país seja aplicado de forma efetiva.
AUTOMEDICAÇÃO NA PEDIATRIA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: MELO Ana Vithoria , SOUZA Daniele Marina de , SÁ Rafaela Damasceno
Published: March 2023

A automedicação pode ser compreendida como a prática do uso de medicamentos pelo usuário sem a orientação médica ou de algum profissional responsável. A automedicação ocorre em todo o Brasil em diferentes grupos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura para avaliar a prática de automedicação pediátrica por pais ou responsáveis. Foram utilizados como termos de buscas “automedicação” e “pediatria” nas bases de dados LILACS, Scielo e ScienceDirect, nos idiomas português e inglês. Após análises, foram selecionados nove artigos que abordavam o tema. Observou-se que a automedicação pediátrica é uma prática comum entre os pais ou responsáveis, sendo a mãe a principal responsável pela realização desta prática. Os medicamentos mais utilizados foram os antitérmicos, analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios e os antibióticos. A prática de estocar medicamentos é comum. Há uma grande necessidade de ações de intervenção em saúde para promoção do uso racional de medicamentos pelos pais e responsáveis.
AVALIAÇÃO PRELIMINAR DA ESTABILIDADE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE LOÇÃO CICATRIZANTE CONTENDO ÓLEO DE GIRASSOL (Helianthus annuus) E EXTRATOS DE PICÃO PRETO (Bidens pilosa)
Authors: BORELLA Júlio Cézar , De SOUZA Rafael Simões , CARRIEL Yan Gustavo Machado
Published: March 2023

Formulações cicatrizantes emulsivas (O/A) foram preparadas a quente e a frio, usando lecitina de soja, como agente emulsificante, contendo óleo de girassol (Helianthus annuus) e extratos hidroetanólicos (1:10), ou hidroglicólicos (1:10) de picão preto (Bidens pilosa). Análises referentes aos aspectos organolépticos (cor e odor), propriedades físicas (homogeneidade, pH, densidade e viscosidade relativa) e químicas (índice de peróxidos e teor de flavonoides) foram realizadas durante 4 meses após preparo, mantendo as formulações a  temperatura ambiente (22-25oC). Os resultados das análises evidenciaram que as formulações possuíam baixa estabilidade termodinâmica (ocorrência de cremagem e floculação) e química (ocorrência de oxidação e hidrólise de ácidos graxos), independentemente do tipo de extrato vegetal utilizado e do modo de preparo realizado, durante o período de armazenagem analisado. No entanto, pequena degradação oxidativa (ranço) e de flavonoides foi detectada até o primeiro mês de estocagem, tornando viável a utilização destas loções cicatrizantes até este momento, mediante agitação prévia da formulação.
RADIAL CLUSTER OF Eucalyptus grandis BOARDS SUBMITTED TO THE CONVENTIONAL DRYING PROCESS
Authors: Palermo Gilmara Pires de Moura , De Figueiredo Latorraca João Vicente , De Carvalho Alexandre Monteiro , Bernedo Alfredo Victor Bellido , Portal-Cahuana Leif Armando
Published: March 2023

O gênero Eucalyptus sp. apresenta defeitos naturais, de desdobro e secagem que acarretam perdas significativas de madeira. Por isso, conhecer a região de ocorrência dos defeitos pode ser uma ferramenta útil para quem beneficia madeira. Sendo assim, este trabalho objetivou agrupar radialmente tábuas de Eucalyptus grandis com base nos defeitos naturais e de secagem. Seis árvores foram desdobradas em tábuas e separadas em duas regiões: central (C) e externa (E). As tábuas centrais (C) apresentavam maior proporção de madeira da região próxima à medula; e as externas (E), maior proporção de madeira da região próxima à casca. Os defeitos ocorridos nas tábuas secas em estufa convencional, a 10 % de umidade foram avaliados por meio de análise multivariada e variaram no sentido medula-casca. A análise de agrupamento separou a madeira em duas regiões (central e externa) e a análise de componentes principais destacou quais defeitos foram dominantes para cada região. As tábuas externas (E) apresentram maior intensidade de encurvanento e encanoamento. As centrais (C) apresentaram maior intensidade de arqueamento, nós, bolsas de resina ou kino, colapso e rachaduras superficiais. Essas informações podem ser importantes para quem industrializa madeira, pois, sabendo em qual região o defeito mais ocorre, uma peça de madeira pode deixar de ser utilizada. No entanto, o fator operacional deve ser levado em consideração, pois características da madeira, o tipo e condições do equipamento de corte, método de desdobro, layout da serraria, pode inviabilizar a separação da tora em duas regiões.