bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estructura y distribución lumínica en el dosel de dos progenies de café con ángulos foliares diferentes
Authors: Unigarro Carlos Andrés , Trejos Pinzón Jhon Félix , Acuña-Zornosa José Ricardo
Published: July 2021

En cultivos perennes, incluido el café, son pocos los estudios que asocian el ángulo de inclinación foliar con la estructura y la distribución lumínica presente en el dosel. En el presente estudio se determinaron las diferencias en la estructura y la distribución teórica de la luz en el dosel de dos progenies de café con ángulos foliares diferentes. En la Estación Experimental Naranjal de Cenicafé (Caldas, Colombia), se evaluaron plantas de Coffea arabica L. con cuatro años sembrados, con una densidad de 6.668 plantas/ha, de las progenies CU1911 (hojas de inclinación vertical) y CX2391 (hojas de inclinación horizontal). Se midieron siete variables estructurales asociadas al follaje y siete respecto al tallo, y se midieron nueve variables en tres perfiles del árbol. Los parámetros de las funciones Elipsoidal y Beta, coeficiente de extinción, fracción de intercepción de la radiación e índice de área foliar iluminado se estimaron matemáticamente. Las comparaciones se realizaron con la prueba t o U de Mann-Whitney (α= 0,05) entre genotipos y con la prueba Duncan (α= 0,05) entre perfiles. Características como el tamaño de la hoja, el número de hojas y en menor grado la altura de la planta, presentan cambios que podrían asociarse con la distribución lumínica (coeficiente de extinción) dentro del dosel, y esta con el ángulo foliar. La fracción de intercepción de la radiación y el índice de área foliar iluminado sugieren diferentes desempeños teóricos fotosintéticos. El crecimiento en las ramas no se asoció con el gradiente lumínico.
Identificación de algunas variables fisicoquímicas y microbiológicas asociadas con el defecto reposo en el café
Authors: Gallego Claudia Patricia , Rodríguez-Valencia Nelson
Published: July 2021

Con el objetivo de identificar la relación de algunas características físico-químicas y microbiológicas asociadas al defecto reposo en café, se desarrolló esta investigación en etapas: I) café pergamino seco con defecto (CD) y sin defecto (SD), donde se evaluaron variables físicas, químicas, microbiológicas y sensoriales; II) las características citadas se evaluaron para encontrar la asociación con las muestras CD; III) se verificó el efecto del almacenamiento del café pergamino en el defecto reposo, en el tiempo. Con respecto a la calidad sensorial (escala SCA), las muestras CD presentaron menores calificaciones en las variables sabor, sabor residual, acidez, cuerpo y balance. El café CD presentó menores valores en porcentaje de almendra sana y de humedad, y mayor factor de rendimiento en trilla. El contenido de lípidos totales y ácido esteárico en CD fue 11,9% y 7,9%, respectivamente. El ácido linoleico predominó en café SD (37,43%). La evaluación microbiológica no mostró variaciones en los dos tipos de café. En la etapa II, el defecto reposo fue más frecuente en el café con contenido de almendra sana menor al 71%. A partir de los 60 días de almacenamiento en pergamino, hubo incrementos en el contenido de ácido esteárico en las muestras almacenadas (no significativos), y a los 120 días hubo cambios significativos en el puntaje del análisis sensorial, asociados con la aparición del defecto reposo. El porcentaje de almendra sana, el contenido de ácido esteárico y la actividad de la polifenoloxidasa se identificaron como indicadores de la presencia del defecto reposo en café.
Hydroxide Salts in the Clouds of Venus: Their Effect on the Sulfur Cycle and Cloud Droplet pH
Authors: Rimmer Paul B. , Jordan Sean , Constantinou Tereza , Woitke Peter , Shorttle Oliver , Hobbs Richard , Paschodimas Alessia
Published: July 2021

The depletion of SO2 and H2O in and above the clouds of Venus (45–65 km) cannot be explained by known gas-phase chemistry and the observed composition of the atmosphere. We apply a full-atmosphere model of Venus to investigate three potential explanations for the SO2 and H2O depletion: (1) varying the below-cloud water vapor (H2O), (2) varying the below-cloud sulfur dioxide (SO2), and (3) the incorporation of chemical reactions inside the sulfuric acid cloud droplets. We find that increasing the below-cloud H2O to explain the SO2 depletion results in a cloud top that is 20 km too high, above-cloud O2 three orders of magnitude greater than observational upper limits, and no SO above 80 km. The SO2 depletion can be explained by decreasing the below-cloud SO2 to 20 ppm. The depletion of SO2 in the clouds can also be explained by the SO2 dissolving into the clouds, if the droplets contain hydroxide salts. These salts buffer the cloud pH. The amount of salts sufficient to explain the SO2 depletion entails a droplet pH of ∼1 at 50 km. Because sulfuric acid is constantly condensing out into the cloud droplets, there must be a continuous and pervasive flux of salts of ≈10−13 mol cm−2 s−1 driving the cloud droplet chemistry. An atmospheric probe can test both of these explanations by measuring the pH of the cloud droplets and the concentrations of gas-phase SO2 below the clouds.
Fear of Falling and Related Factors in Older Adults With Spinal Diseases
Authors: Lee Dayeon , Tak Sunghee H.
Published: July 2021

Fear of falling is common among older adults with spinal diseases. The purpose of the current study was to examine fear of falling and related factors in this population. A total of 138 participants were recruited and completed survey questionnaires along with the Timed Up & Go Test. Participants were 73.7 years old on average, 52% had fall experience, and 56% were taking more than four medications. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that the use of sleeping pills, residence type, pain, activities of daily living, gait ability, and gait efficacy were significant predictors of fear of falling. Findings suggest that a fall prevention intervention for older adults with spinal diseases should include pain management, functional improvement, and gait rehabilitation with a focus on gait performance and gait efficacy. In addition, it is important to improve living environment and sleep hygiene, which are conducive to falls. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(8), 29–35.]
Identities for linear recursive sequences of order $ 2 $
Authors: He Tian-Xiao , Shiue Peter J.-S.
Published: July 2021

We present here a general rule of construction of identities for recursive sequences by using sequence transformation techniques developed in [16]. Numerous identities are constructed, and many well known identities can be proved readily by using this unified rule. Various Catalan-like and Cassini-like identities are given for recursive number sequences and recursive polynomial sequences. Sets of identities for Diophantine quadruple are shown.
Indigenous Language Media, Communication, and Sickle Cell Disorder
Authors: Oredola Opeyemi Olaoluwa , Oyesomi Kehinde Opeyemi , Peter Ada Sonia
Published: July 2021

The importance of health communication and information cannot be over emphasized especially with issues related to sickle cell disorder. Sickle cell disorder, common among Africans, has a lot of myths and misconceptions tied to it, so this chapter unearths and explores how indigenous communication can facilitate learning and understanding of the disorder majorly in rural areas and some urban areas where knowledge of the disorder is assessed low using the focus group discussion. It also reveals the importance of incorporating indigenous language and communication techniques in increasing awareness and eradicating stereotypes as regards sickle cell disorder. The findings of this chapter reflect that misinformation occurs due to lack of proper understanding of language used in sickle cell health communication-related issues. Hence, this chapter proposes that health education about the concept of SCD should be executed majorly in indigenous languages and through the indigenous media platforms.
Exploitation of Health on Instagram
Authors: Blight Michael G
Published: July 2021

This chapter focuses on the exploitative nature of Instagram as a community-based platform. Individual users build, maintain, and participate in communities as a way to connect with experiences and insights that resonate with them. Because users are motivated by different gratifications and are met with social support along the way, brands can use influencers to exploit the community-based practices (i.e., liking, sharing, and curating content) to access a variety of data points from users. Ultimately, users' data is routinely at risk as a byproduct of this subversive use of the platform.
Introducing Coaching to Higher Education
Authors: Hunaiti Ziad
Published: July 2021

The term “coaching” primarily evokes the image of the sports coach, aiming to guide and drive an athlete to successful performance and winning or becoming a champion. Nowadays, coaching has become such a ubiquitous concept that it can connote any professional practice empowering people to unlock their potential to make the most of their performance and achieve their goals. The higher education sector is one of the key areas to benefit from adopting coaching practices where coaching can be used in different applications. This chapter presents a selective review of the definition, purpose, and main areas of coaching and explores the differences between coaching and mentoring skills. The review is based on information collected from published papers, books, coaching professional bodies' publications, websites, and lecture notes. In addition, it presents key coaching applications and their potential in the higher education sector.
Coaching Applications and Effectiveness in Teaching and Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Shohel M. Mahruf C. , Ashrafuzzaman Md. , Mahmud Arif , Islam Md Tariqul , Alam Atm Shafiul
Published: July 2021

Coaching creates opportunities to communicate better and enhance trust among the service users, employees, and employers regardless of their differences. Therefore, higher education institutions are increasingly recognizing the value of coaching for personal, professional, and organizational development. In coaching, contextual understanding is essential to achieve expected growth and outcomes. This chapter explores the applications and effectiveness of coaching interventions in teaching and learning in higher education. Based on literature and personal reflection, this chapter highlights different strategies and good practices and how coaching helps students succeed in their academic journeys and academics to become reflective practitioners. This process of coaching in higher education could also include people from academic, administrative, and professional service backgrounds. This chapter also presents the factors that hinder or support coaching programs and draws a set of recommendations to strengthen coaching initiatives in the higher education context.
Establishing an Equity-Based Coaching Model
Authors: Hoffshire Michael , Pascua Dea Tracy
Published: July 2021

As institutions of higher education continue to grapple with changing student demographics and increased pressure to assess student learning outcomes, several new and innovative programs and services have been created. These initiatives, often housed within student and academic affairs, seek to increase the persistence and retention of students and bolster post-graduation outcomes. One such initiative, success coaching, has become a prominent service on college campuses across the United States. Success coaching can be defined as the practice in which a coach collaborates and assists students in achieving individual goals, overcoming obstacles, and celebrating successes through focusing (and developing) student strengths. This chapter will provide an overview of a small, private, religiously affiliated, liberal arts approach to creating a holistic, equity-based success coaching model on their campus as well as provide considerations and implications for practice.
Educational Responsibility in the Deepfake Era
Authors: Blankenship Rebecca J.
Published: July 2021

Choosing the right technologies to match student learning outcomes in today's technology-integrated classrooms presents educators with multiple instructional design challenges including selecting appropriate technologies to match desired student learning outcomes. As students continue to have broad access to information from a variety of web-based platforms, teachers are increasingly tasked with ensuring the information used to complete key assignments is authentic and from a verifiable resource. As such, the era of deep fakes in images, audio, videos, and digital texts is more prevalent than ever as numerous programs using artificial intelligence (AI) can significantly alter original content to fundamentally change the intent of original content. A discussion of educational and pedagogic responsibility in the era of deep fakes will serve as the primer for reform of the TPACK construct with recommendations for remediating student work in which deep fake resources were utilized.
Teaching and Assessing Data Literacy for Adolescent Learners
Authors: Yeom Semi
Published: July 2021

Today, adolescent learners are exposed to deepfakes from online news to social media. They need data literacy—being able to pose questions about data, extract relevant information, and evaluate claims about data—to retrieve factual information and take informed actions. However, not many students in the U.S. are equipped with data literacy to detect deepfakes. This chapter examines existing practices for teaching and assessing data literacy and suggests best practices for supporting adolescent learners in attaining data literacy. This chapter also discusses the future steps needed to implement these best practices in the classroom so that young learners can mitigate the impacts of deepfakes in their lives.
Schrodinger's Deepfake
Authors: Siegel Paul
Published: July 2021

Deepfakes have become an emerging threat to media. Many authors have identified social and digital media as a multimodal artifact. Others have identified the weaponization of that same digital media. At times when media was weaponized before, students were taught persuasive techniques, not as an incentive to use them, but as a guard against those persuasive techniques taking advantage of the students. In this new age of digital, multimodal propaganda, adapting persuasive techniques will help to combat the dangers our society faces. This chapter will examine three different anti-propaganda interventions and examine their implementation against a deepfaked video.
Studying Customer Experience and Retention Using Applied Data Science and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Méndez-Aparicio M Dolores , Martínez-Ruiz María Pilar , Izquierdo-Yusta Alicia , Jiménez-Zarco Ana Isabel
Published: July 2021

Data science has established itself as a discipline of study in the new technological paradigm of the 21st century. Customer data and metadata are not only unique opportunities for companies that are interested in collecting, processing, and elaborating useful information for customer-centric business management. They are also starting to feed other disciplines, such as industry and computer engineering, which are developing new ways of organising information and intelligent response, where significant technological advances in facial, sensory, text, voice, and image recognition are constantly emerging, with response capabilities ever closer to human thinking. From this continuous interaction emerges a new asset for companies: knowledge. Thus, science applied to data is consolidating as an opportunity for companies in customer loyalty and retention by being able to include a relevant aspect in human relations such as warmth and empathy, basis of marketing 5.0, oriented once again towards human relations, from a virtual existence and total digitalisation.
Communication, Cooperation, and Competition
Authors: von Gillern Sam
Published: July 2021

While scholars have examined various ways that video games can promote learning and influence communication, limited research has examined the literacy and communication practices of esports teams. This study utilizes a content analysis methodology to examine the literacy and communication patterns of two esports teams who competitively play the popular video game Rocket League, a soccer-like game in which players control vehicles and try to hit a ball into their opponents' goal. Findings demonstrate that the esports teams utilize both oral and written communication in a variety of ways in their esports endeavors. The primary types of oral communication the teams used related to strategy, encouragement, and general commentary, and the primary types of written language included pre-game schedules, in-game and post-game chat, and post-game stats. Ultimately, this study demonstrates how esports teams engage in communication and literacy practices as they cooperate with their teammates and compete against their opponents.
Developing Dispositions
Authors: Dickison Brook R. , Tasker Twyla J.
Published: July 2021

This chapter addresses the definition, development, implementation, and assessment of student dispositions promoted through service-learning projects and community engagement in an online graduate program. A brief description of constructivist educational theory which provides the framework for service learning and community engagement is introduced. Specific evidence-based examples of how dispositions are defined, developed, implemented, and assessed for service-learning projects through community engagement within graduate education courses are shared. The challenges of addressing dispositions, particularly as they relate to industry standards, are also discussed. Potential solutions to the challenges of student development of dispositions conclude the chapter.
Why Can't I Just Use the Classics?
Authors: Pozzi Ellen M. , Mohamad Gihan A. , Gander Laurence C.
Published: July 2021

This chapter is an overview of the development of an asynchronous online graduate-level course on diverse literature for P-12 students as an elective for literacy teachers and pre-service librarians. The review of literature focuses on the use of classic texts and the canon in education, the importance of authentic literature, and the content of classroom and school libraries, providing evidence for the necessity of this class as a way to support culturally relevant teaching. This is followed by descriptions of the content and structure of the course as well as the activities and assessments used. The current instructor provides perspectives on teaching this course as a member of underrepresented faculty and discusses special factors in online teaching. Student feedback from the course is included as well as samples of materials.
Developing a Children's Literature Course to Facilitate Pre-Service Teachers' Understanding of Culturally Relevant Texts
Authors: Davis Jill M. , Pearce Nicole
Published: July 2021

This chapter describes the development of an undergraduate course focused on exploring children's literature using a critical lens. Descriptions of course assignments and activities are provided to illustrate how pre-service teachers engaged in learning how to identify and evaluate diverse books. Additionally, reflections provide insights into the lived experiences of the students enrolled in the class and the faculty member who created the course. The course framework emphasizes the importance of providing culturally relevant texts that reflect the cultures and identities of readers ages 3-12. This framework aligns with the seminal work of Bishop's “Windows, Mirrors, and Sliding Glass Doors” that described the importance of children accessing books that are windows into other experiences, books that mirror their own lived experiences, and sliding glass doors that children can walk into the other world created by the author.
Using Diverse Youth Literature to Expand Knowledge and Consider Multiple Perspectives Through Tri-Texts
Authors: Ciecierski Lisa M. , Bintz William P. , Chaghervand Shabnam Moini
Published: July 2021

This chapter shares lessons learned in relation to intertextually connected texts with a focus on tri-texts. It presents both the theoretical framework and underpinnings that support utilizing tri-texts in the classroom as well as practical and engaging ways for preservice and in-service teachers to implement these practices in their own classroom. The organization of this chapter will lead readers through valuable steps and will support teachers in this implementation. This chapter is organized in six sections: 1) Diverse Youth Literature, 2) Intertextuality, 3) Tri-Texts, 4) An Instructional Framework for Tri-Texts Utilizing Diverse Literature, 5) Putting Intertextuality Into Action Using Tri-Texts and Diverse Literature, 6) Final Thoughts and Next Steps.
Queering K-12 Classrooms Through Literature Discussion and Dialogue
Authors: Wheeler Winn Crenshaw , Englert Patrick , Dinkins Elizabeth G.
Published: July 2021

Schools are heteronormative and gendernormative spaces that reinforce a narrow range of experiences and identities. Creating classroom spaces that empower LGBTQ+ identities is critical in supporting K-12 learners to become thoughtful and empathetic learners. LGBTQ+ students continue to experience bullying, stereotyping, discrimination, and marginalization. This chapter focuses on supporting pre-service teachers' understanding of how to queer classroom spaces through the integration of intersectional children's and YA literature that affirms LGBTQ+ identities and experiences. Bishop's framework of mirrors, windows, and sliding glass doors is used with the addition of prisms. The prism provides a critical action to expand the notion and expectation of normal through intersectional representation.
Cultivating Pedagogical Proficiencies for Facilitating Discussions About Diverse Youth Literature
Authors: Virtue Ardene
Published: July 2021

The effective facilitation of discourses about diverse youth literature (DYL) is dependent on teachers' application of vital instructional approaches. This has implications for how pre-service teachers (PSTs) are prepared to involve their students in relevant dialogues that critically examine how DYL mirror authentic life experiences. Hence, the author undertook this action research to execute a methodology model which illustrated instructional processes that may be employed in training PSTs to make conscious decisions about planning, designing, and guiding discussions in a lesson. The participants were 20 PSTs who pursued a literature methods course at a teacher training institution in Jamaica, and studied the texts “Bright Thursdays” by Olive Senior and “Barbie Doll” by Marge Piercy. The application of the model provided insights into the benefits and considerations for training PSTs to practice how to facilitate discussions about DYL during lessons and how to use their literature classes as opportunities for developing social responsibility among their students.
Raising Pre-Service Professionals' Voices
Authors: Wilmot Ann-Marie , Smith Michael W.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the orientations Jamaican preservice teachers characteristically bring to the diverse youth literature that they read and to examine instructional approaches designed to help student develop a postcolonial orientation that will yield richer insights into their future students. The chapter presents a thematic analysis of extended response survey questions distributed to 86 Jamaican preservice teachers. The results revealed that these preservice teachers primarily sought literature for its ease, enjoyment, escapism, and personal growth, though a minority of students did indicate interest in broader issues of structural inequalities. Unfortunately, such emphases are inadequate to address issues of diversity. Consequently, the chapter proposes three instructional strategies to foster a postcolonial orientation: semantic differential scales, direct instruction in postcolonialism, and the TACT-MR model of writing instruction to develop students' critical empathy.
Exploring Social Justice Issues Through Diverse Youth Literature
Authors: Tyrrell Susan M.
Published: July 2021

Early youth literature focused almost wholly on didacticism, a sort of social justice of puritanical nature, moralizing youth on the straight and narrow. Today's “straight and narrow,” however, is not as clear cut, and social justice exploration through diverse youth literature is a necessary journey for modern youth. This journey steers students into knowledge about multiple cultures, races, gender roles. The author explores the history and inception of early literature for youth in this chapter, then explores ways in which modern issues may be explored in the secondary classroom through projects which both foster student engagement, as well as bring about potential class and community activism, further promoting social justice to, ideally, erase prejudice, one book at a time. While the author uses a few specific books as examples, many books fit these roles and would be relevant to these types of studies and projects.
Selecting Diverse Literature for Interactive Read-Alouds
Authors: Watson Tiffany , Jones Jennie L.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to explain how a course, Teaching of Reading and Writing, uses its key course assessment to enhance preservice teacher candidates' appropriation of diverse children's literature. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of the Teaching of Reading and Writing course and the key course assessment, an interactive read-aloud with a diverse book. Additionally, the authors provide a rationale for why exploring and using high-quality diverse literature is intentionally embedded within the assignment. The chapter also includes a description of how the authors support their teacher candidates' appreciation of diverse children's literature through scaffolded instruction and text evaluation. The authors share their candidates' experiences with the interactive read-aloud as well as successes, challenges, and next steps for this assignment.
Multicultural Literacy, Community Engagement, and Preservice Teachers
Authors: Courtad Carrie Anna , Courtad James C.
Published: July 2021

When we teach, we must look beyond the students in front of us and at the environment in which students will eventually live and work. Teachers in K-5 institutions in major urban centers face language barriers when engaging with parents. Preservice teachers and second language learners need practical, applicable experience in connecting with parents and improving their shared reading strategy. Instructors need to include authentic, culturally diverse children's literature into the teacher candidates' world. Instructors can apply classroom knowledge to provide a product to solve a problem for current teachers. Benefits in this community engagement project are numerous for all the players involved. This chapter details a community engagement project that includes lesson plans to integrate culturally diverse children's literature, lesson plans for instructions in interactive read alouds, provides research-based evidence behind the benefits of interactive read alouds, culturally diverse literature, and parent/students interactions for translations.
Measurement of the Intention to Exhibit Leadership Behavior
Authors: Sanders Charles G.
Published: July 2021

The leadership intention measure was developed to help organizations deal with the dynamic and complex realities of the 21st-century competitive global environment, which necessitates a more rapid and effective response to changes to survive. An effective approach for dealing with this reality is to involve employees in the various leadership processes for the organization. However, employees must be prepared to assume the responsibility for a more active leadership role. Before an organization can open their work environment for ‘leadership in all', determining whether members have the intention to exhibit leadership is critical. Therefore, this scale is based on the reasoned action behavioral model of Fishbein and Ajzen to determine the intentions of employees for engaging in leadership behavior. The LIM scale was validated in an organization whose stated culture encouraged leadership behavior by all. Results indicate that this measure would be a valuable tool for assessing organization readiness for facilitating and enabling leadership behaviors.
Development of a Single-Factor Scale to Measure Leader Accountability
Authors: Wood James A. (Andy) , Ventura Heidi R.
Published: July 2021

Wood and Winston defined leader accountability as the leader's response to (1) his/her willing acceptance of the responsibilities inherent in the leadership position to serve the well-being of the organization; (2) the implicit or explicit expectation that he/she will be publicly linked to his/her actions, words, or reactions; and (3) the expectation that the leader may be called on to explain his or her beliefs, decisions, commitments, or actions to constituents. They developed three scales—the Responsibility, Openness, and Answerability Scales—to form the Leader Accountability Index (LAI). Use of the scales in subsequent research has suggested the possibility of combining the three to form a single factor instrument to measure leader accountability. This chapter updates the literature on leader accountability since the LAI was first published, reviews the data collection and factor analyses involved in creating the new Leader Accountability Scale (LAS), and discusses implications of the new scale's usefulness in leadership research and organizational practice.
Learning Theories, Motivation, and Distance Education
Authors: Torun Fulya , Dargut Güler Tülay , Özer Şanal Seda
Published: July 2021

Education is a related structure that can never be defined or even exist as separate from human beings. Behavioral, cognitive, and constructivist paradigms each try to explain learning with different concepts and principles. Well, did these theories survive the distance education process? Let's say each theory survived in distance education. Then the following questions come up: What does motivation mean for these theories? How do these theories make the motivational structure sustainable in distance education? Aiming at a comprehensive discussion of these questions, the chapter offers many answers and brings many different questions to mind. This chapter will guide instructors and instructional designers to design efficient learning opportunities for learners.
Academic Motivation Within COVID-19 Isolation
Authors: Goksel Nil
Published: July 2021

Education community has once again understood how important open and distance learning applications are, as education is limited to the home with the effect of the global pandemic. In fact, some institutions, which have been planning to take steps towards digitalization, suddenly had to switch to emergency remote teaching applications with the effect of the pandemic. The most important factor in turning this situation into an advantage is that motivation, volition, and engagement are included in the theoretical applications. In the transition from theory to practice, there might be some factors caused by the pandemic, such as internet access problems, long-term social isolation, anxiety, or lack of motivation towards online learning. When evaluated within the aforementioned contexts, the central objective of this chapter is to focus on currently existing academic motivational problems and to discuss approaches, learning methods, and educational models that can be applied throughout the COVID-19 isolation.
Developing Prepared, Engaged Citizens Through High-Impact Student Employment Experiences
Authors: Coffey Lauren Pieper , Pazmiño Jorge
Published: July 2021

The rising cost of higher education has created a culture where student employment has become a necessity for students with unmet need. The institution itself often serves as the largest student employer annually on most college and university campuses. In addition to nurturing a student's intellectual breadth, campuses in today's competitive landscape must also prepare students for careers and civic life. Student employment programs help mitigate financial barriers to earning a college degree and, when reimagined, can help all students develop professional skills post-graduation, while also strengthening a student's sense of community and civic responsibility.
First-Generation Students in Service-Learning Programs
Authors: Newlin Matt , Brown Andrew
Published: July 2021

First-generation students count for roughly one-third of the students enrolled in higher education in the United States. However, the retention and graduation rates for first-generation students are much lower than their continuing-generation peers. In this chapter, the authors employ a strengths-based approach to explore institutional service-learning models that lead to improved outcomes for first-generation students. By connecting extant research to practical applications at the institutional level, the authors provide readers with multiple models from which to develop a service-learning program based on first-generation students' assets and strengths rather than their perceived deficits.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Analysis Techniques
Authors: Dogru-Huzmeli Esra , Katayifci Nihan , Huzmeli Irem
Published: July 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disease in adults between 20 and 100 years of age and its prevalence has been reported to be higher in males than in females. There are several methods for measuring the severity of OSA. These include measuring the number of apnea and hypopneas per hour of sleep (apnea-hypopnea index: AHI), the degree of oxygen desaturation during sleep, or the severity of daytime sleepiness, which is the most common condition that negatively affects the quality of life. The gold standard test for the diagnosis of OSA is polysomnography. The pulse oximeter, home sleep apnea testing, SleepQuest device, peripheral arterial tonometry, ApneaLink Plus device, maximum static inspiratory pressure, and maximum static expiratory pressure measurements are preferred methods for OSA diagnosis.
Machine Learning Techniques to Identify and Characterize Sleep Disorders Using Biosignals
Authors: Barrachina Mercedes , Valenzuela López Laura
Published: July 2021

Sleep disorders are related to many different diseases, and they could have a significant impact in patients' health, causing an economic impact to the society and to the national health systems. In the United States, according to information from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, those disorders are affecting 50-70 million in the adult population. Sleep disorders are causing annually around 40,000 deaths due to cardiovascular problems, and they cost the health system more than 16 billion. In other countries, such as in Spain, those disorders affect up to 48% of the adult population. The main objective of this chapter is to review and evaluate the different machine learning techniques utilized by researchers and medical professionals to identify, assess, and characterize sleep disorders. Moreover, some future research directions are proposed considering the evaluated area.
Providing Safety and Detecting Accidents in Bike Transport With Smart Helmets Using IoT
Authors: Selvaraj Santhi , N. Umakanth
Published: July 2021

IoT is the network of interconnected devices or things that are embedded with sensors, software, and network connectivity. The road mishaps are also increasing day by day, due to which many deaths occur, most of them caused by the negligence of not wearing helmets, and also many deaths occur due to lack of medical attention needed by the injured person, hence the need for a protective headgear that makes bike driving safer than before. This work is implemented by considering advanced features like alcohol detection and fall detection by using alcohol and accelerometer sensors and makes not only a smart helmet but also a feature for smart bikes. RF module is a wireless device that is used to communicate between transmitter and receiver. If the rider is found drunk, the ignition switch is locked automatically, and in event of accident, the abnormal value in accelerometer is detected and message is sent to their registered number by using GSM. Thus, if a bike rider falls from bike, the message is sent automatically, and medical attention is given immediately.
The Application of Customer Relationship Management and Implementation to Supply Chain
Authors: Tria Tria Wahyuningtyas
Published: July 2021

Customer relationship management (CRM) aims to unite information technology with marketing in purpose of increasing customer satisfaction. This system can respond efficiently to changes in customer desires, thereby strengthening revenue through reducing marketing costs. The development and implementation of CRM require a series of processes that allow customer analysis to be carried out so that companies can identify each customer individually. The company knows which customers have the potential to deliver huge profits and those ones which are a loss. The concept of CRM is in addition to the development of information technology which is increasingly adding to the variety of business applications. It is an interesting business process to discuss. Customer relationship management covers all aspects related to the company's interactions with its customers. There are four CRM strategy matrix approaches, namely customer-based marketing, individualised CRM, product-based selling, and managed service support.
Shortest Route Application via Dynamic Programming in the Transportation Networks
Authors: Eren Şenaras Arzu , İnanç Şahin , Sezen Hayrettin Kemal , Şenaras Onur Mesut
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop an application for finding the shortest path in the transportation sector. The application was developed using the dynamic programming method in MS Excel Visual Basic application. These types of problems are also called stagecoach problems. The purpose of the problem is finding the shortest path between the starting point (node) and the destination point. Values are related to the roads in the network to specify the distance between two nodes. In case of a small number of nodes (activities), a solution can be reached by evaluating all options. But the number of possible options to be scanned for real problems is quite large. In such cases, a suitable method is needed for the solution. It can produce effective solutions with the dynamic programming approach.
Business Model in a Time of Global Crises
Authors: Oncioiu Ionica , Dogaru Mihaela Mirela , Popescu Manoela
Published: July 2021

Globalization has created complex production chains, in which many countries contribute to the creation of added value. Globalization influences almost all aspects of life, but the way this evolution is felt differs from one country to another, from one region to another, from one individual to another. Globalization is an objective process that is taking place with astonishing speed, covering all the states of the world. It was determined and favored by the ultra-fast advances of technology, especially information technology, but also by the manifestations of the digital economy or information economy. Digitization has fundamentally changed the way companies operate while providing new entities with opportunities for survival and development. Websites have become powerful advertising and commercial tools, being used in all areas of activity. The technologies used to create and develop websites have diversified and become increasingly complex.
The Budget
Authors: Tănase Alin Eliodor
Published: July 2021

Knowing precisely the costs by sectors, products, activities, and functions helps locate in time and space the sub-units contributing to the improvement or, on the contrary, the depreciation of the results obtained by the company. Breaking down the costs by each function is another way to acquire knowledge about the internal accounting management conditions. A comparative analysis of expenditure by functions related to certain forecasts is the main way of identifying performance, efficient responsibility centers, as well as those whose functioning is deficient. On the other hand, the budget may be seen as a correlation and streamlining instrument for the relation between expenditures and income. Budgeting can also be seen as a systematic economic practice involving a formal process of allocating financial resources to achieve the objectives set for the following period of time. The revenue and cost budget are the objects of managerial accounting and the instruments to control the costs and the income by comparing the forecasts with the achievements.
Innovation, Creativity, Entrepreneurship Management
Authors: Saxena Anoop Krishna
Published: July 2021

Creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship can bring groundbreaking new developments for humanity. The futuristic options for such developments are aplenty, if technology management education can be oriented more realistically and innovatively. Mr. Elon Musk himself is the source of ideation, design, creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship. There are hundreds of such innovative entrepreneurs in the world whose success stories can provide sufficient insights into gathering the knowledge and information relating to innovation, creativity, and entrepreneurship. In this context, a discussion of the terms creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship is well felicitous.
Investigating Barriers That May Influence the Implementation and Use of E-HRM Tools in the Organization
Authors: Agahi Hamid , Gulthawatvichai Sarist
Published: July 2021

Human resource managers (HRMs) can use electronic-human resource management (E-HRMs) tools to improve human resources practices, including recruitment and selection of employees. Grounded in the theoretical framework of a unified theory of acceptance (UTAUT), this present qualitative case study investigated the potential barriers that influence the implementation and use of E-HRMs in Thailand's business sector. Human resource professionals from the business sector, including hotels in Thailand, were the study participants. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were used as data collection instruments. Qualitative data collected was analyzed using thematic content analysis. The challenges impact the recruitment and selection process by making the employment process complex and poor selection of employees. HRMs should support E-HRMs as the advanced technologies to improve recruitment and selection of competent employees. In conclusion, E-HRMs are effective information systems that support electronic recruitment and selection of qualified employees.
Water Management
Authors: Janardhanan Rajan
Published: July 2021

The world faces an unprecedented crisis in water resources management, with profound implications for global food security, protection of human health, and maintenance of all ecosystems on Earth. Large uncertainties still plague quantitative assessments of climate change impacts and water resource management, but what is known for certain is that the climate is changing and that it will have an effect on water resources. Therefore, increased efforts will be needed to plan and manage water supplies in the future through increased monitoring and understanding of the interrelationships between population size, climate change, and water availability. The focus of water management is gradually shifting from developing new water sources to using existing water sources more effectively and efficiently. The world needs policy change in water management. Respect for water resources and their value is the starting point of deliberations. Governments have the essential water management function: to protect and allocate water resources to allow both individual and collective interests to benefit from water. Societies must also lead in understanding, provisioning for mitigating the impact of disasters, ranging from extreme droughts to unprecedented floods, caused by climate change and poor management of water and land. Public funds will likely remain the main source of water sectoral funding. It is up to governments to invest wisely to enhance the crucial role that water has for social and economic development in a country. Integrated water resource management strategy is accepted as a global model for achieving the objective of a sustainable water management system.
Digitization and Smart Tourism
Authors: Varghese Bindi
Published: July 2021

Commitment to technology, sustainability, innovation, and accessibility has not only improved the quality of life but has also created a niche for luxury tourism with smart tourism eco-space. Smart tourism destinations (STD) need vigorous, well-connected stakeholders with the help of a technological platform for data exchange. Instant data exchange creates extremely large data sets known as big data. This chapter aims to contribute to the understanding on how smart tourism destinations could potentially enhance luxury tourism that is more personalized to meet visitors' unique needs and preferences. Developing smart tourism destinations can be an effective mode to engage all the stakeholders and tourists. In improving destination performance, smart tourism ecosystem applies social media analytics and smart tourism technologies. This chapter aims to relate local area as smart tourism local service systems (S-TLSS) and luxury tourism.
Bridging the Gulf on Healthcare Policy Beyond the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Kersha-Aerga Dorothy , Crawford Chyna N.
Published: July 2021

This article presents a brief overview of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and changes ushered into the health care system by the Act. The overview is followed by arguments for and against the ACA, integrating and situating the divergent arguments within the context of both democratic and conservative standpoints on health care policy. Furthermore, the article explores the possibility of identifying factors responsible for the seeming difficulty in transiting policy from agenda status to adoption in a democratic system of governance. The article concludes with suggestions on ways and strategies that can help in bridging the ostensible gap between divergent positions, with the hope of charting the course to the desired destination of an equitable and sustainable health care policy for the United States.
Fitting a Three-Phase Discrete SIR Model to New Coronavirus Cases in New York State
Authors: Green Kris H.
Published: July 2021

CDC data on new coronavirus cases in New York State between March 4, 2020 and June 26, 2020 show three distinct phases for the spread of the virus. The authors demonstrate fitting of a simple discrete SIR model with three phases to model these data, achieving a high fidelity to the data. Optimal model fits using both R and Excel are compared, and various issues are discussed. Finally, the model for New York State is treated as a training set for extending and applying the model to the outbreak in other areas of the United States and the country as a whole.
Isolated Site Wind System Start-Up System
Authors: Gharsellaoui Lema , Ghariani Moez
Published: July 2021

The abundant energy available in nature can be harnessed and converted to electricity in a sustainable way to supply the necessary power to elevate the living standards of the people without access to the electricity grid. Wind power is one of the cleanest and safest of all the renewable commercial methods of generating electricity. However, wind energy is difficult to use due to its stochastic variability. Energy storage can overcome the main drawback. This article consists of studying a wind starting system based on DFIG and operating in isolated mode. This system is formed by a bank of batteries and a bidirectional DC/DC converter charging a DC bus voltage as well as these batteries. The control of this system required a cascade control. Such control needs two loops: the inside loop to control the inductive current and the outside one for continuous voltage bus. The theoretical study of this command has been validated using PSIM software.