bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L'orgue, la musique sacrée et l'Église anglicane
Authors: Dubois Pierre
Published: June 2016

The organ, by definition, cannot escape from a network of intermingled influences (practical, philosophical, ideological and religious) and, at every stage of its development it reflects, as a representation, the philosophical, ethical or spiritual positions of the Church. By considering it from this particular angle, it will enable us to study the question of the ties between Church and Enlighten¬ ment as the instrument was forbidden during the Commonwealth and until the 1666 Restoration, its reintroduction onto the liturgical scene at the end of the 17th century is highly significant. Tensions can be perceived between the standards set by official Church discourse and the forms of music developed in concerts and during services throughout the 18th century. We would like to show a twofold movement : on the one hand, through practical decisions and her comments in numerous sermons, the Church encouraged the reintroduction of the instrument in places of worship and the rebirth of a sacred repertory in which the organ occupies a major place. However, on the other hand, the Church also tended to limit the framework in which such an instrument could be used. All manners of excess, synonymous with enthusiasm and thus considered to be dangerous and reprehensible, were to be prohibited and thus the organ had to remain within the limits of decorum and moderation. This led to the introduction of a smallish instrument quite unlike the organ which still triumphed in France until the end of the 18th century. There are thus two trends in the Anglican Church's relationship with the Enlightenment as evidenced by the organ : on the one hand, its con tribu- tion is historically innovative as it propagated an ethic of moderation based on reason and the rejection both of superstition and of baroque excesses. The English organ which crossed over from church to stage and from stage to pleasure garden and even into drawing rooms, made it possible to create links between Church and civil society, sacred music and leisure practices, worship and representation. On the other hand, it was an object of ideological stakes : the organ was not to escape from the Church's influence.
La franc-maçonnerie, observatoire des trajectoires et des dynamiques sociales au 18e siècle
Authors: Beaurepaire Pierre-Yves
Published: June 2016

Lodges and the area of freemasonry constituted a real laboratory in which brothers tested the plasticity and resistance of Ancien Régime societies, explored their interstices to grant themselves spaces in which to meet freely outside the field of standard sociability, academies and pious fraternities, but without cutting ties with such groups. For the historian of Masonic sociability this offers a privileged observatory for social codes, qualification or disqualification processes, individual and collective trajectories, such as personal texts or ego-documents allow one to recreate them.
Diplomatie et relations «internationales» au 18e siècle : un renouveau historiographique ?
Authors: Bélissa Marc
Published: June 2016

Since the beginning of the 90s, studies in diplomatic history and international relations in the modern period seem to have multiplied and helped to rekindle interest in a field which had been neglected, in France at least, for the past half-century. Is one justified in referring to a renewal in diplomatic history or to a «new history in international relations for the Enlightenment » ? Has there been a methodological renewal ? This article attempts to give a brief description of the questions dealt with by historians of international relations over the past ten years.
Le Résident de France à Genève (1679-1798) : institution et pratiques de la diplomatie
Authors: Brandli Fabrice
Published: June 2016

A subaltern in the Foreign Affairs staff of the kingdom of France posted overseas, the Résident de France in Geneva played a permanent part in the Republic's political life. The legal standards which structured the Résident' s field of competence, the material conditions to which his activity was subordinated, the ceremonial agreements and traditions around which his official relations with the magistrates of Geneva were organised, as well as the religious question peculiar to a French diplomatic representation to a protestant state, such are some of the problems which open new fields for research into diplomatic personnel in the 18th century.
Les chevaux des Philosophes : livres, culture équestre et société au 18e siècle
Authors: Roche Daniel
Published: June 2016

Daniel Roche seeks to understand how the Philosophes of the 18th century were unable to escape the presence of the horse in all their social, economic and politico-military dealings. Thanks to retrospective English, French, American and German bibliographies of the 1 9th and 20th centuries, along with contemporary letters, this work allows one to gauge the importance of equine culture in the 18th century. From Buffon, author of the unforgettable portrait of the horse in his Histoire Naturelle, to Diderot's article in the Encyclopédie ; it is a means of analysing how a section of printed culture, based around equestrian art, military art, history and the whole of natural science and technical knowledge succeeds in placing itself at the centre of activities and representations of the needs, the pleasure and the affirmation of power.
Nucléaire, information et secret défense, Débat public - Caen, 14 novembre 2005
Authors: Prieur Michel
Published: June 2016

L'environnement est l'affaire de tous, il en résulte un droit qui est depuis peu de nature constitutionnelle mais aussi un devoir des citoyens de demander des informations sur l'environnement. Depuis une vingtaine d'années, les relations entre information et secret défense, notamment dans le domaine nucléaire se sont transformées. Présentation de l'évolution historique du secret à la transparence puis du renforcement du droit à l'information sur l'environnement qui crée une nouvelle dialectique face au secret.
Enhanced Steatosis and Fibrosis in Liver of Adult Offspring Exposed to Maternal High-Fat Diet
Authors: Thompson Michael D. , Cismowski Mary J. , Trask Aaron J. , Lallier Scott W. , Graf Amanda E. , Rogers Lynette K. , Lucchesi Pamela A. , Brigstock David R.
Published: June 2016

Early life exposures can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Maternal high-fat diet increases susceptibility to development of steatosis in the offspring. We determined the effect of maternal high-fat diet exposure in utero and
during lactation on offspring liver histopathology, particularly fibrosis. Female C57Bl/6J mice were fed a control or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and bred with lean males. Nursing dams were continued on the same diet with offspring sacrificed during the perinatal period or maintained on
either control or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Increased hepatocyte proliferation and stellate cell activation were observed in the liver of HFD-exposed pups. Offspring exposed to perinatal high-fat diet and high-fat diet postweaning showed extensive hepatosteatosis compared to offspring on
high-fat diet after perinatal control diet. Offspring exposed to perinatal high-fat diet and then placed on control diet for 12 weeks developed steatosis and pericellular fibrosis. Importantly, we found that exposure to perinatal high-fat diet unexpectedly promotes more rapid disease progression
of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, with a sustained fibrotic phenotype, only in adult offspring fed a postweaning control diet.
ANISOTROPIC QUASI-WILSON ELEMENT WITH CONFORMING FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATION FOR COUPLED CONTINUUM PIPE-FLOW/DARCY MODEL IN KARST AQUIFERS
Authors: Liu Wei , Cui Jintao
Published: June 2016

This paper presents a numerical method for solving systems of partial differential equations describing flow in porous media with an embedded and inclined conduit pipe. This work considers a coupled continuum pipe-flow/Darcy model. The numerical schemes presented are based on combinations of the quasi-Wilson element on anisotropic mesh and the conforming finite element on regular mesh. The existence and uniqueness of the approximation solution are obtained. Optimal error estimates in both L2 and H1 norms are obtained independent of the regularity condition on the mesh. Numerical examples show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed scheme.
SPECIAL SPLINES OF EXPONENTIAL TYPE FOR THE SOLUTIONS OF MASS TRANSFER PROBLEMS IN MULTILAYER DOMAINS
Authors: Buikis Andris , Kalis Harijs , Kangro Ilmars
Published: June 2016

We consider averaging methods for solving the 3-D boundary-value problem of second order in multilayer domain. The special hyperbolic and exponential type splines, with middle integral values of piece-wise smooth function interpolation are considered. With the help of these splines the problems of mathematical physics in 3-D with piece-wise coefficients are reduced with respect to one coordinate to 2-D problems. This procedure also allows to reduce the 2-D problems to 1-D problems and the solution of the approximated problemsa can be obtained analytically. In the case of constant piece-wise coefficients we obtain the exact discrete approximation of a steady-state 1-D boundary-value problem.
The solution of corresponding averaged 3-D initial-boundary value problem is also obtained numerically, using the discretization in space with the central diferences. The approximation of the 3-D nonstationary problem is based on the implicit finite-difference and alternating direction (ADI) methods. The numerical solution is compared with the analytical solution.
AN ULTRALUMINOUS LYα EMITTER WITH A BLUE WING AT z = 6.6*

†
Authors: Hu E. M. , Cowie L. L. , Songaila A. , Barger A. J. , Rosenwasser B. , Wold I. G. B.
Published: June 2016

We report the detection of the most luminous high-redshift Lyα emitting galaxy (LAE) yet seen, with

log
L
(
Ly
α
)
=
43.9

erg

s

−
1

. The galaxy—COSMOS Lyα1, or COLA1—was detected in a search for ultraluminous LAEs with Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru telescope. It was confirmed as lying at z = 6.593, based on a Lyα line detection obtained from follow-up spectroscopy with the DEIMOS spectrograph on Keck II. COLA1 is the first very high-redshift LAE to show a multi-component Lyα line profile with a blue wing, which suggests that it could lie in a highly ionized region of the intergalactic medium (IGM) and could have significant infall. If this interpretation is correct, then ultraluminous LAEs like COLA1 offer a unique opportunity to determine the properties of the H ii regions around these galaxies, which will help in understanding the ionization of the z ∼ 7 IGM.
THE NATURE AND FREQUENCY OF THE GAS OUTBURSTS IN COMET 67P/CHURYUMOV–GERASIMENKO OBSERVED BY THE ALICE FAR-ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROGRAPH ON ROSETTA
Authors: Feldman Paul D. , A’Hearn Michael F. , Feaga Lori M. , Bertaux Jean-Loup , Noonan John , Parker Joel Wm. , Schindhelm Rebecca N. , Steffl Andrew J. , Stern S. Alan , Weaver Harold A.
Published: June 2016

Alice is a far-ultraviolet imaging spectrograph on board Rosetta that, among multiple objectives, is designed to observe emissions from various atomic and molecular species from within the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. The initial observations, made following orbit insertion in 2014 August, showed emissions of atomic hydrogen and oxygen spatially localized close to the nucleus and attributed to photoelectron impact dissociation of H2O vapor. Weaker emissions from atomic carbon were subsequently detected and also attributed to electron impact dissociation, of CO2, the relative H i and C i line intensities reflecting the variation of CO2 to H2O column abundance along the line of sight through the coma. Beginning in 2015 mid-April, Alice sporadically observed a number of outbursts above the sunward limb characterized by sudden increases in the atomic emissions, particularly the semi-forbidden O i
λ1356 multiplet, over a period of 10–30 minutes, without a corresponding enhancement in long-wavelength solar reflected light characteristic of dust production. A large increase in the brightness ratio O i
λ1356/O i
λ1304 suggests O2 as the principal source of the additional gas. These outbursts do not correlate with any of the visible images of outbursts taken with either OSIRIS or the navigation camera. Beginning in 2015 June the nature of the Alice spectrum changed considerably with CO Fourth Positive band emission observed continuously, varying with pointing but otherwise fairly constant in time. However, CO does not appear to be a major driver of any of the observed outbursts.
Estudio de la aplicación del árido reciclado mixto en hormigón poroso y como relleno de zanjas en la ciudad de Barcelona
Authors: Etxeberria M. , Gonzalez-Corominas A. , Galindo A.
Published: June 2016

En este artículo se presentan dos pruebas piloto llevadas a cabo como iniciativas innovadoras en la reutilización de RCD en la ciudad de Barcelona. Por un lado se estudió el uso de árido reciclado mixto (ARM) en la fabricación de hormigón poroso como base de una pavimentación drenante. Una vez caracterizado el hormigón a nivel de laboratorio, se llevó a cabo la prueba piloto. A nivel probeta se determinó la densidad, resistencia a compresión y la permeabilidad asi como los componentes lixiviados. La permeabilidad también se determinó in situ. Por otro lado, el material de escombro de zanjas se analizó para utilizarlo como material reciclado de relleno de zanjas. El material fue validado de acuerdo a los ensayos del PG3 de Proctor Modificado, CBR, Límite líquido, límite plástico e índice de plasticidad. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, los ARM fueron validados para los casos de estudio llevados a cabo.
Pre-evaluación DIT de la resistencia frente a la succión del viento de kits de revestimiento de fachada ventilada con bandejas de paneles composite de aluminio
Authors: Lahoz Ruiz E. , Amat Rueda T. , Hernández de Olivares F.
Published: June 2016

La pre-evaluación DIT de sistemas constructivos innovadores facilitará la posterior emisión de un DIT mediante una evaluación preliminar pero fiable de aquellas prestaciones críticas relativas a su idoneidad de empleo. Para los kits de revestimiento de fachada ventilada con bandejas horizontales procedentes de PCA rigidizadas por su trasdós, una de éstas es la resistencia frente al viento. Pero no hay un método específico. Se analizó su seguridad desde los ámbitos del aseguramiento frente al riesgo meteorológico y de la normativa. Se estableció como hipótesis que resistirían sin roturas ni deformaciones permanentes significativas, valores de succión de viento de hasta 96 km/h. Se ensayaron diferentes bandejas en una maqueta a escala real. Se concluye que estos kits serán seguros si resisten un valor de 2,4 kPa sin rotura, y se limitan las deformaciones acumuladas instantáneas y residuales a valores máximos respectivos de L/30 y L/300, siendo L la distancia entre apoyos.
Development of Semi-Real-Time Tsunami Monitoring and Calculation System on Ocean-Bottom Stations off the Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan
Authors: Nakamura Takeshi , Baba Toshitaka
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe developed a semi-real-time calculation and data monitoring system that measures pressure perturbations at ocean-bottom pressure-gauge stations deployed off the Kii peninsula in southwest Japan in order to identify tsunami signals associated with earthquakes. The system automatically calculates geodetic deformations and tsunami propagation immediately after getting seismic source information on hypocenter, magnitude, and mechanism. The calculation results for transoceanic tsunamis can be available in approximately 20 s after getting source information to output waveform data by executing the optimized parallel calculation code on our computer server SGI UV2000 with a 32-core processor unit. The system also provides tide-removed and filtered waveform data at ocean-bottom stations, enabling the calculation results to be compared with actual tsunami arrivals. System operations began in July 2015 and have been applied to tsunamigenic earthquakes in the Pacific Ocean. The system is effective in identifying tsunami signals and automatically predicting tsunami propagation in offshore areas, which may be useful for further data analyses on tsunami propagation.
Development of a Web Application System for Seismic Waveform Data Observed in Real Time With the Seafloor Seismic Network DONET
Authors: Takaesu Morifumi , Horikawa Hiroki , Sueki Kentaro , Takahashi Narumi , Sonoda Akira , Tsuboi Seiji
Published: June 2016

AbstractMega-thrust earthquakes are anticipated to occur in the Nankai Trough in Southwest Japan. In order to monitor seismicity, crustal deformations, and tsunamis in earthquake source areas, we deployed the seafloor seismic network DONET (Dense Ocean-floor Network System
for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) in 2010 (Kaneda et al., 2015; Kawaguchi et al., 2015). The DONET system consists of a total of 20 stations that are composed of multiple types of sensors, including strong-motion seismometers and quartz pressure gauges. These stations are densely distributed at
an average distance of 15‐20 km and cover from near the trench axis to coastal areas. Observed data are transferred to a land station through a fiber-optic cable and then to the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) data management center through a private network
in real time.After the 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku, each local government close to the Nankai Trough sought to devise a disaster prevention scheme. These local governments requested that JAMSTEC disseminate the DONET data along with other research capabilities so that
they could exploit this important earthquake information. In order to provide local government access to the DONET data, which are recorded ostensibly for research purposes, we have developed a web application system, REIS (real-time earthquake information system), that provides seismic waveform
data to some local governments close to the Nankai Trough. In the present paper, we introduce the specifications of REIS and its system architecture.
Moving Towards Implementation of a Southern Ocean Observing System
Authors: Schofield Oscar , Newman Louise , Bricher Phillippa , Constable Andrew , Swart Sebastiaan , Wåhlin Anna
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is deploying a holistic system to monitor the world's ocean; however, a major challenge is many regions are chronically under-sampled. One such region is the Southern Ocean, which is remote and a harsh region to sample. The
importance of improving holistic sampling in this region is clear, given its disproportionate significance to Earth and the fact that the area is exhibiting rapid change. As the Southern Ocean is beyond the capability of any single nation, the international Southern Ocean research community
recognized a need for improved international coordination, strategic planning, and eventual implementation of a Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS). The focus of SOOS is on (1) designing a sustainable system that provides data for determining the status and change of the Southern Ocean,
(2) standardizing measurements across national efforts, (3) providing a forum for opportunities to guide future investments, (4) developing a portal for open transparent access to data, and (5) supporting grassroots discussion to identify/design expeditions and technology development. This
manuscript highlights current SOOS strategies to meet those needs. Critical lessons emphasize the need for providing value to users who are contributing content/strategy as volunteers and sustain a dedicated office to coordinate those efforts while providing documented value to those contributing
time and expertise.
Triorchidism: Presenting as Undescended Testis in a Case of Indirect Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Bhandarwar Ajay H. , Gandhi Saurabh S. , Patel Chintan B. , Wagh Amol N. , Gawli Virendra , Jain Nimesh A.
Published: June 2016

Triorchidism is the commonest variety of polyorchidism, an entity with more than two testis is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of the testis. Although excision of the abnormal testis is a safer alternative proposed, recent literature suggests more conservative approach in normal testes with watchful regular follow up to screen for malignancy. This case presented as a left inguinal swelling diagnosed as indirect left inguinal hernia. The left side testis was of smaller size (about half) with normal sperm count, morphology and motility. Intraoperatively indirect inguinal hernia was noted with supernumerary testis at deep ring in addition to normal left testis in left scrotal sac. The ectopic testis were small (2.5×2.5×1 cm) lacking epididymis and with short vas deferens. An evident normal semen analysis and varied anatomy, the decision for orchidectomy of ectopic testis was taken. The histopathological finding was consistent with arrest in germ cell development.
Physician’s changes in management of return visits to the Emergency Department
Authors: Long Adrianna , Cambridge Robert , Rosa Melissa
Published: June 2016

Return visits to the Emergency Department (ED) are estimated between 2-3.1%, which impacts ED care costs and wait times. Adverse events for unscheduled return visits (URVs) have been reported to be as high as 30%. The objective of this study was to characterize the attitudes and management of Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians regarding patients presenting with the same chief complaint to the ED for an URV. An online survey questionnaire was developed and sent to 160 accredited EM Graduate Medical Education programs in the United States. The questionnaire consisted of case vignettes wherein providers were asked to submit what orders they would place for each scenario. The mean numbers of tests and treatments were compared from initial visit to repeat visit with same chief complaint. Physicians also provided feedback regarding their management of URVs. There were estimated 6988 eligible participants with 397 responses (response rate 5.7%). There was a statistical significance (P<0.001) in provider management of URVs with pediatric fever, but there was no statistical significance for management of the other chief complaints. There were 77% of physicians that felt an increased work up is warranted for URVs. The results of this study indicate that majority of EM residents and staff working in training programs feel that they should approach the management of URV patients with a more extensive workup despite no clinical change. These findings suggest that further analysis should be performed regarding provider management of URVs and the associated healthcare costs.
Survivor by asphyxiation due to helium inhalation
Authors: Etteri Massimiliano , Bellone Andrea , Vella Morena , Capiaghi Eleonora , Motta Luca , Malfasi Ilaria
Published: June 2016

In this rare case report we describe a 27-year-old white man survived suicide by asphyxiation using so-called suicide bag (or exit bag) filled with helium supplied through a plastic tube. He had no previous psychiatric or organic illness. At the time of presentation to our emergency department, he was awake and reported severe dyspnea with a clinical pattern of acute respiratory failure. Imaging studies showed pulmonary edema and the patient was treated with non-invasive ventilation in intensive care unit. After 15 days patient was discharged from hospital in optimal conditions. These rare cases of survivor might suggest the possible causes of death from inhaling helium.
Modeling and Simulations in Time Domain of a Stimulation Set-up for Cortical Applications
Authors: Schweigmann Michael , Kirchhoff Frank , Koch Klaus P.
Published: June 2016

Electrical stimulation is used for example to treat neuronal disorders and depression with deep brain stimulation or transcranial electrical stimulation. Depending on the application, different electrodes are used and thus different electrical characteristics exist, which have to be handled by the stimulator. Without a measuring device the user would have to rely on the stimulator being able to deliver the needed stimulation signal. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to present a method to increase the level of confidence with characterization and modelling of the electrical behavior by using the example of one channel of our stimulation device for experimental use. In several simulation studies with an electrode model with values in a typical range for cortical applications the influence of the load onto the stimulator and the possibility to pre-estimate measuring signals in complex networks are shown.
Design and implementation of a less invasive gastrostimulator
Authors: Lonys Laurent , Vanhoestenberghe Anne , Huberty Vincent , Hiernaux Martin , Cauche Nicolas , Julémont Nicolas , Debelle Adrien , Huberland François , Acuña Vicente , Godfraind Carmen , Devière Jacques , Delchambre Alain , Mathys Pierre , Nonclercq Antoine
Published: June 2016

Gastrointestinal stimulator implants have recently shown positive results in helping obese patients lose weight. However, to place the implant, the patient currently needs to undergo an invasive surgical procedure. Our team is aiming for a less invasive procedure to stimulate the stomach with a gastrostimulator. Attempts covered fully endoscopic implantation and, more recently, we have focussed on a single incision laparoscopic procedure. Whatever the chosen implantation solution, the electronic design of the implant system shares many challenges. This paper covers the work achieved to meet these.
Power strategy in DC/DC converters to increase efficiency of electrical stimulators
Authors: Aqueveque Pablo , Acuña Vicente , Saavedra Francisco , Debelle Adrien , Lonys Laurent , Julémont Nicolas , Huberland François , Godfraind Carmen , Nonclercq Antoine
Published: June 2016

Power efficiency is critical for electrical stimulators. Battery life of wearable stimulators and wireless power transmission in implanted systems are common limiting factors. Boost DC/DC converters are typically needed to increase the supply voltage of the output stage. Traditionally, boost DC/DC converters are used with fast control to regulate the supply voltage of the output. However, since stimulators are acting as current sources, such voltage regulation is not needed. Banking on this, this paper presents a DC/DC conversion strategy aiming to increase power efficiency. It compares, in terms of efficiency, the traditional use of boost converters to two alternatives that could be implemented in future hardware designs.
Can FES-augmented active cycling training improve locomotion in post-acute elderly stroke patients?
Authors: Peri Elisabetta , Ambrosini Emilia , Pedrocchi Alessandra , Ferrigno Giancarlo , Nava Claudia , Longoni Valentina , Monticone Marco , Ferrante Simona
Published: June 2016

Recent studies advocated the use of active cycling coupled with functional electrical stimulation to induce neuroplasticity and enhance functional improvements in stroke adult patients. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether the benefits induced by such a treatment are superior to standard physiotherapy. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial has been performed on post-acute elderly stroke patients. Patients underwent FES-augmented cycling training combined with voluntary pedaling or standard physiotherapy. The intervention consisted of fifteen 30-minutes sessions carried out within 3 weeks. Patients were evaluated before and after training, through functional scales, gait analysis and a voluntary pedaling test. Results were compared with an age-matched healthy group. Sixteen patients completed the training. After treatment, a general improvement of all clinical scales was obtained for both groups. Only the mechanical efficiency highlighted a group effect in favor of the experimental group. Although a group effect was not found for any other cycling or gait parameters, the experimental group showed a higher percentage of change with respect to the control group (e.g. the gait velocity was improved of 35.4% and 25.4% respectively, and its variation over time was higher than minimal clinical difference for the experimental group only). This trend suggests that differences in terms of motor recovery between the two groups may be achieved increasing the training dose. In conclusion, this study, although preliminary, showed that FES-augmented active cycling training seems to be effective in improving cycling and walking ability in post-acute elderly stroke patients. A higher sample size is required to confirm results.
Pressure therapy for post-burn scars: does it work?
Authors: Flour Mieke , Anthonissen Mieke , Van den Kerckhove Eric
Published: June 2016

Not available
Compression in mixed ulcers
Authors: Mosti Giovanni
Published: June 2016

Not available
Compression after trauma
Authors: Jelnes Rolf
Published: June 2016

Not available
Role of compression after liposuction
Authors: Brorson Håkan , Svensson Barbro , Ohlin Karin
Published: June 2016

Not available
Compression and deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Partsch Hugo
Published: June 2016

Not available
Higher order aberrations of the eye: Part two
Authors: Oberholzer Marsha , Gillan Wayne D.H. , Rubin Alan
Published: June 2016

This article is the second in a series of two articles, which provides a discussion of the factors that may possibly contribute to variable results when wavefront aberrations of the human eye are measured. Some of the factors discussed in this article are the influences that refractive errors (specifically myopia and astigmatism), pupil diameter, accommodation of the crystalline lens, age, mydiatric drops and the integrity of the tear film may have on these wavefront measurements. The first article in the series explained the general principles of higher order aberrations (HOAs), as well as HOAs of importance in the eye and the measuring apparatus used to measure HOAs of the eye.Keywords: wavefront aberrations; aberrometry
The unfolding of God’s revelation in Hebrews 1:1–2a
Authors: Coetsee Albert
Published: June 2016

In the introduction to his sermon, the writer of Hebrews suggests that God’s revelation unfolded from his so-called ‘Old Testament’ revelation to his ‘New Testament’ revelation in his Son (Heb. 1:1–2a). By doing a thorough exegesis of Hebrews 1:1–2a, the author’s view of such an unfolding revelation is confirmed. From this conclusion, certain hermeneutical implications of the unfolding of God’s revelation are drawn for believers and scholars today. Among others, it is determined that God’s revelation is progressive, that his revelation in his Son is superior, climactic and final, and that God’s final revelation in his Son can only be understood within the context of his Old Testament revelation, and vice versa.Keywords: Hebrews; Hebrews 1:1-2a; unfolding; revelation; hermeneutics
Enhancing arsenic removal from groundwater at household level with naturally occurring iron
Authors: Sharma Anitha Kumari , Sorlini Sabrina , Crotti Barbara Marianna , Collivignarelli Maria Cristina , Tjell Jens Christian , Abbà Alessandro
Published: June 2016

A supply of drinking water low in Arsenic (As) prevents arsenic poisoning. The presence of high concentrations of iron (Fe) in groundwater under the alluvial plains of the large rivers in Southeast Asia is a prerequisite for the simple removal of As. This study investigated the mechanisms and possibilities for enhancing As removal with naturally occurring Fe in a reliable, low cost and sustainable way. The results of the study show that As removal with Fe is greatly enhanced by the addition of an oxidizing agent (preferably KMnO4) immediately after the pumping of groundwater. Further enhancement of As removal in the presence of Fe can be achieved by adding a small volume of a concentrated basic solution of MnO4- and AlO2-, which has a combined oxidation, coagulation and buffering capacity. Best results were obtained when this solution was mixed with the groundwater immediately after its pumping until a pale pink color appeared. Maximum required reaction time was 10 minutes and subsequent filtration of the water was able to reduce the As concentration to near zero. Concentrations of MnO4- and AlO2- can be varied in the solution to achieve sufficient As removal to suit different Fe/As ratios and the presence of interfering co-occurring anions.
Removal of odorous sulphur compounds from industrial gases by biotrickling filters
Authors: Torretta Vincenzo , Schiavon Marco , Papa Enrico Anselmo , Caruson Paolo , Capodaglio Andrea G
Published: June 2016

A pilot plant for the treatment of Sulphur-based odorous gases was installed in a line of a phosphoric acid plant located in Skhira, Tunisia. The air pollution control system train consisted of a first stage, including a chemical scrubber operating with an alkaline solution containing caustic soda, followed by a two-stage biotrickling filter (BTF) filled with Mytilus edulis shells. This study evaluated the performance of the dual-stage BTF in removing hydrogen sulphide (H2S), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and dimethyl sulphide (DMS) from the phosphoric acid reactor’s exhaust air current. Concentrations of H2S, SO2 and DMS at the inlet of the two-stage BTF were 10-30 ppm, < 1-20 ppm and 16-30 ppm, respectively. All of the respective concentrations at the outlet of the biological step were < 1 ppm, except for the H2S in the outlet during the first day of operation (10 ppm). Removal efficiencies were generally higher than 95% for all compounds, and remained high even with an increase of the off-gas flow rate. Mass-removal capacity was at least 2.0 g m-3 h-1, 0.5 g m-3 h-1 and 6.2 g m-3 h-1, for H2S, SO2 and DMS, respectively. The removal efficiencies of the process were satisfactory, especially considering the already low inlet concentrations, due to the high quality of the raw phosphate used.
Structural survey and diagnosis of historical constructions – the experience of the Construction Institute
Authors: Paupérico Esmeralda , Romão Xavier , Arêde António , Costa Aníbal , Varum Humberto , Guedes João , Vila Pouca Nelson
Published: June 2016

The sustainable rehabilitation of an historical construction can only be achieved if there is adequate knowledge about its state of conservation. To obtain such knowledge, reliable structural survey and diagnosis procedures need to be employed. An overall definition of the more important technical procedures that need to be considered is addressed to provide general guidelines for the structural survey and diagnosis of historical constructions. A more detailed description of some of the methods is then also performed. Several case studies are then presented to illustrate these approaches, emphasizing the importance of the technical inspection and survey data in the rehabilitation actions that were developed in each case study.
Rethinking Weinreich, Labov & Herzog from a usage-based perspective
Authors: Backus Ad
Published: June 2016

In the late sixties, Weinreich, Labov & Herzog (1968) discussed five empirical problems that together defined the subject matter of sociolinguistics. The research program they initiated has been very influential in sociolinguistics, but is not well known outside of it. In the branches of linguistics primarily focused on describing and accounting for the linguistic knowledge possessed by the individual speaker, branches often referred to as ‘general linguistics’ or ‘theoretical linguistics’, issues of variation and change have not attracted much theoretical attention up until recently. This has changed now that the tradition of ‘usage-based linguistics’ has appeared on the scene. This article examines the commonalities between the concerns of usage-based linguistics and those of Weinreich, Labov & Herzog (1968). It concludes that combining the cognitive orientation of the usage-based approach and the social-interactional orientation of sociolinguistics holds promises for the development of an improved understanding of language change. This is illustrated with examples from language contact, more specifically using data from Dutch-Turkish contact, including the results of recent studies that have implemented some methodological innovations necessitated by the confrontation of usage-based with sociolinguistic frameworks.
Constructional complexification
Authors: Coussé Evie
Published: June 2016

This articles investigates the rise of double modal constructions in Dutch. Double modal constructions combine two modal auxiliaries with one lexical verb (e.g. zal moeten gaan ‘shall have to go’). Little is known on why and how such complex verb constructions came into being. This article presents historical data for the earliest double modal constructions in Middle Dutch (13th century) drawing on both previous corpus studies and on new empirical observations. The historical data is then analyzed from a diachronic construction grammar perspective. The main theoretical point of this article is that the emergence of double modal constructions is a case of ‘constructional complexification’, i.e. the process in which constructions become increasingly larger in size.
De aan-constructie in het 17de-eeuwse Nederlands
Authors: Geleyn Tim , Colleman Timothy
Published: June 2016

The aan-construction in 17th Century Dutch: A semasiological investigation

The Dutch aan-construction (e.g. Hij gaf een bos bloemen aan zijn vrouw ‘He gave a bouquet to his wife’), the prepositional alternative for the double object construction (Hij gaf zijn vrouw een bos bloemen ‘He gave his wife a bouquet’), is a post Middle Dutch innovation (i.e. after 1500 AD). The precise details of the rise of the aan-construction remain, however, understudied. It is for example unclear whether the construction really breaks through in the 17th century, as Weijnen and Gordijn (1970) argue on the basis of a small corpus of farces, and what its semantic range was in those early days. In this paper we try to shed more light on these issues. On the basis of a self-compiled corpus of literary Dutch, we firstly show that the construction was not only already frequently attested in the language use in the 17th century, but also covered a remarkably wide semantic range at that time. Next, via a detailed comparison with data for the 20th century, we show that there have been interesting changes concerning the semantic evolution of the aan-construction. The structural weight of a cluster of ‘do’- and ‘send’-verbs for example declines over time and at more general level there seems to be a trend towards more abstract uses of the aan-construction. A diachronic collostructional analysis (Hilpert, 2006) and Configural Frequency Analysis (von Eye, 2002) lends a statistical underpinning to our observations.
On the resultative-modal grammaticalisation pathway of German GET verbs – with an outlook on Dutch and Afrikaans
Authors: Lenz Alexandra N.
Published: June 2016

This contribution focuses on grammaticalisation pathways of German resultative and modal constructions using the auxiliaries kriegen ‘to get, to receive’ and bekommen ‘to get, to receive’. In order to illustrate the complex grammaticalisation pathways of the two GET verbs and the subtypes of resultative-modal constructions in which they are used, first, historical and second, (more) contemporary data from varieties of German are analysed. Third, additional evidence is provided by means of already existing findings on Dutch and Afrikaans to complement the hypotheses derived from the analyses of German varieties.

The contribution provides answers to the following questions: Where do the resultative-modal constructions with kriegen and bekommen come from and what about their future potential? What are the main differences and parallels between the kriegen and the bekommen constructions which both use an auxiliary from the semantic network of German GET verbs? What do the synchronic data tell us about the present-day variation of the constructions, but also – on the basis of an “apparent time” hypothesis – about their diachronic grammaticalisation pathways? How do “real time” data correspond to synchronic variation and vice versa? Which parallels or differences can a language comparison reveal? To what extent do the kriegen and bekommen results mirror what we find with regard to Dutch krijgen (‘to get, to receive’) and Afrikaans kry (‘to get, to receive’)?
Sexual and Romantic Overperception among a Japanese young sample: A Replication of Haselton (2003)
Authors: Hiraishi Kai , Murasaki Kazusa , Okuda Hiroyuki , Yamate Mami
Published: June 2016

Based on Error Management Theory, Haselton (2003) argued that men would have a cognitive bias to overperceive sexual interests in women. She demonstrated that US female undergraduates had more experiences of being misperceived of their sexual interests by men whilst such biases were not existent with male undergraduates. Bendixen (2014) replicated the findings with an undergraduate sample from a more gender equal society, Norway. We conducted a direct replication of Haselton (2003) with a sample from a less gender equal society, Japan, and found the same trend. In addition, we found that Japanese women were more likely to be overperceived of their romantic interests although the effects were weaker.
Size-selected black carbon mass distributions and mixing state in polluted and clean environments of northern India
Authors: Raatikainen Tomi , Brus David , Hooda Rakesh K. , Hyvärinen Antti-Pekka , Asmi Eija , Sharma Ved P. , Arola Antti , Lihavainen Heikki
Published: June 2016

Abstract. We have measured black carbon properties by using a size-selected Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2). The measurements were conducted in northern India at two sites: Gual Pahari is located at the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) and Mukteshwar at the Himalayan foothills. Northern India is known as one of the absorbing aerosol hot spots, but detailed information about absorbing aerosol mixing state is still largely missing. Previous black carbon mass concentration measurements are available for this region and these are consistent with our observations showing that refractory black carbon (rBC) concentrations are about ten times higher in Gual Pahari than those at Mukteshwar. Also the number fraction of absorbing particles is higher in Gual Pahari, but individual absorbing particles including their size distributions are fairly similar. These findings indicate that particles at both sites have similar local and regional emission sources, but aerosols are also transported from the main source regions (IGP) to the less polluted regions (Himalayan foothills). Detailed examination of the absorbing particle properties revealed that they are most likely fractal aggregates, but the exact structure remains unknown.
Water vapor inhibits hydrogen sulfide detection in pulsed fluorescence sulfur monitors
Authors: Bluhme Anders B. , Ingemar Jonas L. , Meusinger Carl , Johnson Matthew S.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The Thermo Scientific 450 Hydrogen Sulfide–Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer measures both hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Sulfur dioxide is measured by pulsed fluorescence, while H2S is converted to SO2 with a molybdenum catalyst prior to detection. The 450 is widely used to measure ambient concentrations, e.g., for emissions monitoring and pollution control. An air stream with a constant H2S concentration was generated and the output of the analyzer recorded as a function of relative humidity (RH). The analyzer underreported H2S as soon as the relative humidity was increased. The fraction of undetected H2S increased from 8.3 at 5.3 % RH (294 K) to over 34 % at RH  >  80 %. Hydrogen sulfide mole fractions of 573, 1142, and 5145 ppb were tested. The findings indicate that previous results obtained with instruments using similar catalysts should be re-evaluated to correct for interference from water vapor. It is suspected that water decreases the efficiency of the converter unit and thereby reduces the measured H2S concentration.
OBJECT-BASED CLASSIFICATION AND CHANGE DETECTION OF HOKKAIDO, JAPAN
Authors: Park J. G. , Harada I. , Kwak Y.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Topography and geology are factors to characterize the distribution of natural vegetation. Topographic contour is particularly influential on the living conditions of plants such as soil moisture, sunlight, and windiness. Vegetation associations having similar characteristics are present in locations having similar topographic conditions unless natural disturbances such as landslides and forest fires or artificial disturbances such as deforestation and man-made plantation bring about changes in such conditions. We developed a vegetation map of Japan using an object-based segmentation approach with topographic information (elevation, slope, slope direction) that is closely related to the distribution of vegetation. The results found that the object-based classification is more effective to produce a vegetation map than the pixel-based classification.
LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES AND URBAN SPRAWL IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA: AN ANALYSIS USING MULTI-TEMPORAL LANDSAT DATA AND SHANNON'S ENTROPY INDEX
Authors: Rahman M. T.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia has experienced rapid population growth and urban expansion over the past several decades. Due to such growth, the capital city faces many short and long-term social and environmental consequences. In order to monitor and mitigate some of these consequences, it is essential to examine the past changes and historical growth of the city. It is also essential to measure its urban sprawl over the past few decades. The objective of this study is to fulfil these goals. It does so by first examining the historical growth of the city of Riyadh. To do so, Landsat data over the past two and half decades are classified using a combination of supervised and unsupervised classification techniques. Based on the classification results, the study then uses Shannon’s Entropy to measure the urban sprawl in the city. The results show that from 1990-2009, the urban built-up area of the city has increased by 90% in the western, south-eastern, and northern parts. The Shannon’s entropy values show that the city is dispersing towards the outskirts of the city. The results from this study will assist city planners and government officials to plan, reduce, and perhaps mitigate some of the social and environmental consequences and enable the growth of the city in a sustainable manner in the near future.
CROP SPECIES RECOGNITION AND DISCRIMINATION PADDY-RICE-GROWINGFIELDS FROM REAPED-FIELDS BY THE RADAR VEGETATION INDEX (RVI) OF ALOS-2/PALSAR2
Authors: Yamada Y.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The Japanese ALOS-2 satellite was launched on May 24th, 2014. It has the L-band SAR, PALSAR-2. Kim,Y. and van Zyl, J.J. proposed a kind of Radar Vegetation Index (RVI) as RVI = 8 * σ0hv / (σ0hh + σ0vv + 2* σ0hv) by L-band full-polarimetric radar data. Kim, Y. and Jackson, T.J., et al. applied the equation into rice and soybean by multi-frequency polarimetric scatterometer above 4.16 meters from the ground. Their report showed the L-band was the most promising wave length for estimating LAI and NDVI from RVI. The author tried to apply the analysis to the actual paddy field areas, both Inashiki region and Miyagi region in the eastern main island, “Honshu”, areas of Japan by ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 full-polarimetry data in the summer season, the main crop growing time, of 2015. Judging from conventional methods, it will be possible to discriminate paddy rice growing fields from reaped fields or the other crops growing fields by the PALSAR-2 data. But the RVI value is vaguely related to such land use or biomass at the present preliminary experiment. The continuous research by the additional PALSAR-2 full-polarimetry data should be desired.