bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAMPUR KODE DALAM TUTURAN MASYARAKAT ETNIK CINA BENTENG DI DESA LEBAK WANGI, TANGERANG: KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Oktaviany Eva , Rochiyati S. A. Erna , Hariyadi Edy , Subaharianto Andang , Badrudin Ali
Published: March 2024

The Benteng Chinese ethnic community in Desa Lebak Wangi, Tangerang uses Benteng Chinese dialect of Indonesian which is mixed with elements of Hokkian dialect of Chinese, English, Sundanese, and Betawi language. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms and factors behind the occurrence of code mixing in daily communication in the speech of Benteng Chinese ethnic community in Desa Lebak Wangi, Tangerang. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The results obtained from the data analysis show that the code mix in this study consists of two forms, namely: (1) code mix in the form of words; and (2) code mix in the form of phrases. Code mix in the form of words includes: (1) basic words; (2) affixed words; and (2) repeated words. The factors behind the code mix consist of three factors, namely: (1) role identification factor; (2) variety identification factor; and (3) desire to explain/interpret factor. Among the four code-mix entries in this study, Sundanese was the most common. The inclusion of Hokkian dialect of Chinese occurs when talking about family relationships, numerals, religious celebrations, and rituals. The inclusion of Sundanese elements occurs when communicating with family and neighbors to describe an activity, indicate a condition, and mention affirming affixes. The inclusion of Betawi language elements occurs when communicating with family and neighbors to emphasize or show something with high intonation. The inclusion of English elements occurs when young people mention the use of words on the internet or social media.
WACANA KRITIS SARA MILLS DALAM KASUS KDRT LESTI KEJORA PADA AKUN INSTAGRAM @LAMBETURAH_OFFICIAL
Authors: Wenerlee Valend Young , Lin Mila Kristina , Wahyuni Ian
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to describe the position of the subject and the position of the reader in the post on the @lambeturah_official Instagram account. This study uses a critical discourse analysis approach to media texts. To answer the research problem, the feminist theory initiated by Sara Mills is used. This research method uses qualitative methods and descriptive approaches. This type of research is literature, namely research where data is taken mainly from the literature (books, documents, articles, reports, newspapers, and so on). The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, and sentences on Instagram social media that discuss the cases of domestic violence against Lesti and Rizky Billar. The data source in this study is the Instagram account @lambeturah_official which reports on the Lesti Kejora domestic violence case. The results of the study used Sara Mills' critical discourse analysis on the Instagram account @lambeturah_official showing Lesti Kejora as a woman's position (subject) and also from the reader's point of view raises concern for Lesti as a victim of domestic violence.
STRUKTUR CERITA RAKYAT JAWA TENGAH BALAI-BALAI KAYU JATI: KAJIAN ANTROPOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Nailatunnajah Nailatunnajah , Yundiani Sri , Khumairoh Viny , Amelia Zahra
Published: March 2024

Folklore is a story passed down from generation to generation that has been passed down from generation to generation orally to be preserved. Folklore contains aspects relating to attitudes, behavior and cultural values of society. Literary anthropology studies discuss literary works by emphasizing cultural values. This research aims to explain the structure and content of the story of Balai-Balai Kayu Jati and reveal the cultural reflection of Central Javanese society (especially the Tlogosari community). Balai-Balai Kayu Jati are analyzed from two perspectives, namely as works of fiction and as physical evidence of culture. As a work of fiction, a study is carried out on the structural elements of the story, while as physical evidence of culture, it is analyzed using a literary anthropology approach. The research results show that structurally, the story of Balai-Balai Kayu Jati is composed of characters, themes, settings and story points of view. Meanwhile, by using a literary anthropology approach, we can understand the cultural side of the people of Tlogosari, Central Java, namely the aspects of knowledge, technology, social society and art.
PENGGUNAAN DIKSI DAN GAYA BAHASA KONTEN VIDEO MOTIVASI MERRY RIANA DALAM MEDIA TIKTOK
Authors: Sari Husnul Anita , Sofyan Akhmad , Hariyadi Edy , Asrumi Asrumi , Suyanto Budi
Published: March 2024

Merry Riana's motivational video content contains encouragement to build an optimistic attitude when you experience failure in achieving your goals, are disappointed by your partner, receive negative comments from other people and when you want to choose a potential life partner. The purpose of this study is to describe the use of diction and motivational language style of Merry Riana in TikTok media using semantic and pragmatic studies. This research is a text-based descriptive qualitative research, using the referential equivalent method to analyze the meaning and using the interpretation method to reveal the purpose of motivation based on related contexts. The results of this study indicate that Merry Riana uses greeting diction, synonym diction, special diction, general diction, foreign language diction, borrowed word diction, popular diction, scientific diction and conversational diction. The diction that is widely used is the diction of a foreign language, namely English. The style of language found in this study uses a style of language based on sentence structure of 5 types and a style of language based on the direct or indirect meaning of 9 types. The style of language that is most widely used is the style of language based on whether the meaning is direct or not, namely, climax. The use of diction and language style functions to: 1) encourage listeners when they feel hopeless; (2) influencing and convincing the listeners with the motivational delivered; and (3) provide an interesting effect on motivational speech patterns.
REPRESENTASI IDENTITAS LOMBOK DALAM AKUN INSTAGRAM “INSIDE LOMBOK”: ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES
Authors: Nurhandini Hilmi , Firmonasari Aprillia
Published: March 2024

Social media is the factor that influences different perspectives about Lombok's identity. This research aims to describe the meaning of images that represent Lombok's identity in the Instagram account “Inside Lombok” using Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The analysis in this study uses Roland Barthes's theory, including denotative meaning, connotative meaning, and myth. ““Inside Lombok”'s” post is the source of this research regarding the outsider's perspective on Lombok identity and the perspective of Lombok people regarding Lombok's identity itself. The results of the study show that the representation of Lombok's identity depends on how people perceive Lombok. According to the three images, there are hidden meanings that only Lombok people can discover. Therefore, the representation in social media should be clear so that everyone has a similar viewpoint.
USELESS EFFORT EXPRESSIONS IN INDONESIAN PROVERBS
Authors: Putu Wijana I Dewa
Published: March 2024

This research article deals with Indonesian proverbs used to express “useless efforts” with focus of attention on the syntactic structures, and various causal factors that make the works expressed by the verbs impossible to realize. By using data collected from proverb collection book entitled 7700 Perribahasa Indonesia [7700 Indonesian Proverbs], it is found that the Indonesian proverbs convey useless efforts can be delivered through various types of syntactic structure: predicate-object (PO), conjunction-predicate-object (Conj-P-O), predicate-object-adverbial (P-O-Adv), conjunctionpredicate-object-adverbial (Conj-P-O-Adv), predicate-complement (P-Comp), predicate-adverbial (P-Adv), conjunction-predicate-adverbial (Conj-P-Adv), subject-predicate-object (S-P-O), subjectpredicate-adverbial (S-P-Adv), conjunction-predicate-adv (Conj-P-Adv), predicate-subject (P-S), and adverbial-subject-predicate (Adv-S-P). Based on these various types of structure, in the proverbs involving no subject slot, the impossibilities can be caused by the objects, object attributes, complements, and adverbials that explain the location, time, purpose, and instrument by which the efforts are executed. Meanwhile, in the proverbs involving subject constituent, the impossibilities are caused by the subjects filled by words or phrases of having referents human, non human, or entities which are improper or incapable realizing the actions.
Rhabdomyolysis during COVID-19 infection
Authors:   N.R.Ivanov Saratov Regional Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital, Saratov, Russian Federation, Shmatov V.V. , Mikhailova E.V. ,   V.I.Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

The infectious process in a number of its complications has rhabdomyolysis, which can be the cause of acute kidney injury. In our analysis, rhabdomyolysis was detected in 0.31% of cases. The most severe course was observed with COVID-19. The purpose of the study is to describe a clinical case of severe rhabdomyolysis in a patient with COVID-19. It is necessary to remain vigilant in the treatment of patients with infectious pathology, in the event of asthenia, muscle pain, it is necessary to conduct an additional examination with the determination of myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase, additional methods (ultrasound, radionuclide diagnostic method). Key words: COVID-19, rhabdomyolysis, mixed infections
Media Pembelajaran Seks Untuk Remaja
Authors: Nurbayhaqi Alvin , Kherid Zaitun Y.A , Mudjiati
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dibuat berdasarkan keresahan sosial yang terjadi di kalangan remaja. Banyak terjadi penyimpangan disekitar tempat tinggal kita seperti penyimpangan seksual. Gaya hidup remaja zaman sekarang yang memiliki pola pikir hidup bebas. Penulis membuat karya interaktif ini guna membantu belajar remaja juga orang tua untuk mempermudah mengedukasi anaknya dirumah dengan tampilan yang menarik sehingga tidak membosankan. Sehingga dapat bermanfaat bagi remaja sekaligus menyadarkan mereka dari penyimpangan seksual. Materi tentang pendidikan seks untuk remaja terdapat dalam Kurikulum 2013 Sekolah Menangah Atas kelas 2 pada mata pelajaran sosiologi dan Biologi serta Kurikum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP) pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) Terpadu. Berdasarkan studi tren produk sejenis belum ditemukan adanya media interaktif materi pendidikan seks untuk remaja. Oleh karena itu fokus karya dalam tugas akhir ini adalah membuat media interaktif yang memiliki nilai edukasi yaitu perkembangan remaja, secara biologis, sosial, dan penyakit menular seks. Teknik yang diterapkan adalah komputerisasi digital berbasis flash dengan gaya ilustrasi realis. Adapun segmen pengguna media interaktif ini ditujukan kepada siswa agar materi tersebut menjadi lebih mudah dimengerti serta meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir sampai dengan tahap High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) yaitu creating sesuai dengan teori Taxonomy Bloom.
Alterations of High-Carbon (Shungite) Rocks by the Lake Onega Waters: Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Process
Authors: Malov V.I. , Strakhovenko V.D. , Subetto D.A. , Ovdina E.A. , Potakhin M.S. , Belkina N.A. , Malov G.I.
Published: March 2024

––Carbonaceous (shungite) rocks have high contents of trace elements, which can get to the environment through natural weathering. Shungite rocks are a group of Precambrian carbonaceous rocks of volcanic and sedimentary genesis in Karelia. In this work we present results of studying the mineral and geochemical compositions of shungite rocks at their outcrops on the shoreline of Lake Onega. The interaction of the Onega waters with shungite rocks led to: (1) the removal of most elements, except for K, Mn, Ba, and Mg, whose contents in the rocks increased; (2) the formation of an assemblage of secondary minerals, such as hematite, jarosite, goethite, chalcocite, anglesite, brookite, and Mn hydroxides. Based on the results obtained, we propose a model of the transformation of high-carbon (shungite) rocks by the Onega waters.
Financial and Legal Development of Social Relations Using Digital Currencies in Metaverses
Authors: Sitnikov M. S.
Published: March 2024

Objective: based on the analysis of financial and legal policy of certain jurisdictions, to determine the initial prospects of financial and legal development of social relations in metaverse using digital currencies.

Methods: the research is based on the system of cognitive tools: first of all, formal-legal, comparative-legal, statistical methods, and the method of legal forecasting, which help to interpret the legal norms and financiallegal policy of various jurisdictions, assess the degree of current development of legislation on regulation of technologies in virtual worlds, and formulate ideas about the financial-legal regulation of public relations using digital currencies in the metaverse.

Results: the study reveals that modern legislation on metaverses is at the initial stage of its formation, as in developed jurisdictions metaverse is still considered only as a future technology. The author shows the degree of popularity of the metaverse first prototypes and the growing attention of some states to the metaverse in order to develop their socioeconomic potential and consolidate international leadership in digital development. The paper points out the shortcomings of the metaverse definitions developed in doctrine and practice, and long proposes the author’s definition. It is argued that in order to fully integrate metaverse technology into a certain country, whose policy is focused on achieving (maintaining) a high rating in terms of the economy digital transformation, it is necessary to determine the currency that will be legitimately used in the metaverse in future. A conclusion is made that it is necessary to plan financial and legal policy in this area, which will largely depend on the legal regime of cryptocurrency in a particular country. It is argued that further development of the metaverse concept in Russia will depend on the results of testing the digital ruble.

Scientific novelty: the paper is one of the first devoted to the convergence of metaverse and financial law, which proposes a concept for establishing full-fledged legality of digital currency in the metaverse depending on the attitude of a particular country to decentralized finance. Along with popular definitions formulated in doctrine and practice, the author presents their own interpretation of the metaverse, indicating its essential features.

Practical significance: the conclusions and proposals obtained can be used to improve the mechanisms of financial and legal regulation of social relations under the emerging metaverse concept. The presented ideas are important for further research of various financial and legal aspects of metaverses’ development and functioning.
Digital History of Law: Principles of Methodology
Authors: Lonskaya S. V.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to theoretically substantiate the basic principles of methodology of a new interdisciplinary area of socio-humanities – the digital history of law; to demonstrate the heuristic potential of digital technologies in legal historical sciences.

Methods: the study is based on systemic, formal-logical, and comparative general scientific methods.

Results: it is concluded that the methodology of the digital history of law is based, first of all, on the source-centric approach, which considers a source as a macro-object of humanitarian and social sciences, through which information exchange takes place (O.M. Medushevskaya’s concept of cognitive history). Secondly, it is based on the combination of traditional methods of legal history with digital techniques and technologies and methods based on them – within a research program of historical-legal (historical-juridical) source studies. The article attempts to summarize the existing digital technologies and techniques, as well as methods based on them, as applied to legal historical sciences; their heuristic potential is shown in case studies.

Scientific novelty: for the first time in the Russian legal history science, the author substantiates the methodology of the digital history of law as an interdisciplinary field that studies the past of state and law using digital information and communication technologies and tools.

Practical significance: under the shifts in socio-humanities (digital, linguistic, visual ones, etc.), which have become relevant in recent years, and the development of the digital type of social communication, methodological approaches to obtaining new knowledge are changing, new interdisciplinary branches of scientific knowledge are emerging, as well as new requirements for the qualification of researchers. The ongoing changes affect legal historical sciences: digital history of law is formed as an interdisciplinary area within digital humanities, at the confluence of history, legal science, and information science. The understanding and application of digital technologies and the scientific cognition methods based on them in legal historical research open up new opportunities for legal historians in determining the directions of their scientific research and obtaining new scientific results. This ultimately expands our understanding of historical and legal facts, phenomena and processes.
Legal Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: Experience of China
Authors: Filipova I. A.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to trace the development trajectory of legal regulation in the field of artificial intelligence in the People’s Republic of China by revealing the advantages and disadvantages of China’s approach to artificial intelligence regulation and to outline the prospects of national regulation for the nearest future, taking into account the world experience.

Methods: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, systemic and functional approaches. Also, the formal-legal, comparativelegal, and historical-legal methods were used.

Results: the research demonstrates the validity of Chinese claims for world leadership in the creation of legal regulation of artificial intelligence, as it is in China that the first normative legal acts were adopted. These acts have already entered into force; however, each of them deals with a narrow range of issues, while there is no law to establish general rules for the artificial intelligence industry. Among the characteristic features of the Chinese approach we can name, first of all, its iterative nature, which allows adjusting the regulation with each new step. Another feature is the sectoral nature of the regulation.

Scientific novelty: in the course of the research, the development stages of artificial intelligence legal regulation in China were identified and described; the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese approach to regulation were identified and argued; this approach was compared with the approaches of China’s main rivals competing with it in terms of the technology development and its legal regulation. All of the above allowed making conclusions about the subsequent development of legal regulation in China and in the whole world.

Practical significance: familiarization with the research materials enables interested legal scholars, and not only them, to get a clear idea of the level of artificial intelligence regulation, achieved by China. China’s experience is of significant interest to the rest of the world, showing the correctness or faults of possible regulatory options in the new and complex field. The study results can be used in the practice of legal regulation in the sphere of artificial intelligence, as well as in preparing lectures in the relevant courses and writing tutorials for law students.
Authors’ Moral Rights in the Digital Environment
Authors: Sápi E.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to answer the question whether the authors’ moral rights the in the digital environment correspond to their original purpose, and to determine the impact of the development of social networking platforms, artificial intelligence technologies and non-fungible tokens (NFT) on the transformed role and features of the protection of the author’s moral rights under modern conditions.

Methods: the research is based on historical-legal, comparative-legal and formal-dogmatic methods. Legal institutions and legal practice on the issue of protection of the author’s moral rights are subjected to critical analysis.

Results: the genesis and normative fixation of the author’s moral rights are investigated in historical retrospect. It is noted that at present the protection of these rights is insufficiently regulated at the international level, while national copyright law, for example, of continental European states, provides a sufficiently strong protection of the author’s moral rights; however, the effectiveness of the latter is weakening in the digital age. The paper analyzes the changing landscape of copyright relations caused by technological progress: in social networks, in the generation of works by artificial intelligence, and in the creation of digital works of art. The thesis is substantiated that the author’s moral rights are undesirable in the context of social platforms. The paper proposes solutions to the issues of authorship of works created by artificial intelligence, violation of author’s rights, and integrity in case of full or partial borrowing of a work to generate a new work by artificial intelligence. The role of NFT technologies in solving the problem of preserving the author’s moral rights is defined.

Scientific novelty: the work fills a gap in research on the relationship between copyright and technological development. It identifies and evaluates the innovations in the purpose and content of the author’s moral rights, caused by the processes of digitalization, and attempts to solve the problem of the author’s rights compliance with technological progress.

Practical significance: the obtained results may serve as a conceptual basis for further development and improvement of national legislation and international legal regulation in the field of copyright protection, transformation of the objectives, role and place of the author’s moral rights in the digital environment.
Assessment of Artificial Intelligence-based digital learning systems in higher education amid the pandemic using Analytic Hierarchy
Authors: Singh Vikrant Vikram , Kumar Nishant , Singh Shailender , Kaul Meenakshi , Gupta Aditya Kumar , Kapur P.K.
Published: March 2024

The devastating effects of the 2020 worldwide COVID-19 virus epidemic prompted widespread lockdowns and restrictions, which will continue to be felt for decades. The repercussions of the pandemic have been most noticeable among educators and their students, which boosts the effectiveness of various AI-based learning systems in the education system. This study examines the AI-based digital learning platforms in higher education institutions based on various characteristics and uses of these systems. Several significant aspects of AI-based digital learning systems were obtained from the available literature, and significant articles were selected to properly examine various characteristics and functions of AI-based digital learning platforms used by multiple higher education institutions. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is employed to rank multiple AI-based learning systems based on key factors and their sub-factors. The study's outcome revealed which AI systems are effectively used in developing digital learning systems by various higher education institutions.
Phenotype wide association study links bronchopulmonary dysplasia with eosinophilia in children
Authors: Kelchtermans Jelte , March Michael E. , Hakonarson Hakon , McGrath-Morrow Sharon A.
Published: March 2024

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a frequent complication of preterm birth. Despite this, genetic drivers of BPD are poorly understood. The objective of this study is to better understand the impact of if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with BPD by examining associations with other phenotypes. We drew pediatric subjects from the biorepository at the Center for Applied Genomics to identify associations between these SNPs and 2,146 imputed phenotypes. Methylation data, external cohorts, and in silico validation methods were used to corroborate significant associations. We identified 72 SNPs that were previously associated with BPD. We found a significant association between rs3771150 and rs3771171 and mean eosinophil percentage in a European cohort of 6,999 patients and replicated this in external cohorts. Both SNPs were also associated with asthma, COPD and FEV1/FVC ratio. These SNPs displayed associations with methylation probes and were functionally linked to ST2 (IL1RL1) levels in blood. Our findings support a genetic justification for the epidemiological link between BPD and asthma. Given the well-established link between ST2 and type 2 inflammation in asthma, these findings provide a rationale for future studies exploring the role of type 2 inflammation in the pathogenesis of BPD.
Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on acute postoperative pain after breast augmentation surgery: placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial protocol.
Authors: Santos Kamylla Caroline , Avila Mariana Arias , Neto Gilberto Inacio Cardoso , Martucci Alexandre Fabricio , Liebano Richard Eloin
Published: March 2024

● Background: Breast augmentation is a surgical procedure that may result in postoperative pain. The use of analgesics to relieve pain may produce adverse effects and delay recovery. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological approach that can relieve pain by activating nerve fibers. However, the effectiveness of TENS in breast augmentation has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of TENS on pain intensity immediately after breast augmentation. The results have the potential to advance scientific and technological knowledge in the treatment of acute postoperative pain, using accessible non-pharmacological interventions that can improve patients’ experiences.
● Methods: A placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial will be conducted with 52 participants submitted to breast augmentation following a rapid 24-hour recovery. Participants will be randomly allocated to two groups: active TENS and placebo TENS. Each participant will undergo a TENS treatment session. The primary outcome will be pain intensity assessed at rest and during movement, before and immediately after TENS. Secondary outcomes will include pain intensity one hour after treatment, respiratory muscle strength, satisfaction with the intervention and analgesic use in the first four hours after surgery.
● Discussion: The results of this study will provide important information on the effects of TENS in patients submitted to breast augmentation, contributing to improving ´postoperative pain. It is hoped that the findings of a non-pharmacological approach will contribute to developing more effective and less costly pain management strategies. This may result in a significant improvement in the experience of patients submitted to this surgical procedure.
● Trial registration: This study was prospectively registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC) on 01/02/2024 under registration number RBR-96h3k97.
The value of COMPASS-CAT risk assessment model in predicting venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and ovarian cancer
Authors: Wei Hualin , Han Wei , Zhang Xianbo , Zhang Ming
Published: March 2024

Objective
To explore the clinical value of COMPASS-CAT risk assessment model in predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE) in tumor patients.
Methods
482 patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer admitted to the oncology department were scored using the COMPASS-CAT risk assessment model and the Khorana risk assessment scale, respectively. The predictive value of the two models for VTE was compared.
Results
The proportion of platelet > 350x109 / L, hemoglobin < 100g / L, leukocyte > 11 × 109 / L, COMPASS-CAT ≥ 7 and Khorana score ≥ 2 in the VTE group was significantly higher than that in the non-VTE group. The sensitivity, specificity, Jordan index, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of COMPASS-CAT model ≥ 7 in the diagnosis of VTE were 69.81%, 98.13%, 67.94%, 82.22% and 96.33%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, Jordan index, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Khorana model ≥ 2 for diagnosis of VTE were 79.24%, 81.77%, 61.01%, 35.00% and 96.95%, respectively. The AUC of VTE diagnosed by COMPASS-CAT model and Khorana model was 0.913 (95%CI:0.858–0.967) and 0.695 (95%CI: 0.617–0.773). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that COMPASS-CAT model score ≥ 7 and Khorana model score ≥ 2 were independent risk factors for VTE in tumor patients.
Conclusion
COMPASS-CAT model is superior to Khorana model in diagnosing VTE in tumor patients, and it is more suitable for VTE risk assessment in tumor patients.
METTL3-dependent N6-methyladenosine RNA modification promotes diabetes-associated periodontitis via mediating macrophage pyroptosis
Authors: Cao Zhengguo , Yang Qiudong , Xiao Junhong , Liu Yuqi , Yang Zhengkun , Wang Chuan , Sun Jiahui , Wang Huiyi , Liu Heyu , Wang Xiaoxuan , Ma Li , Huang Xin
Published: March 2024

Patients with diabetes are twice as likely to suffer from periodontitis (PD) than those without diabetes, and diabetes-associated PD is distinguished by increased inflammation and aggravated tissue damage. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, leading to undetermined effective treatment for diabetes-associated PD. One of the most significant epigenetic alterations, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications are implicated in a number of developmental and pathological processes. Here, we found that Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) expression was upregulated in diabetes-associated PD mice and macrophages under Porphyromonas gingivalis and high glucose stimulation. Functionally, m6A RNA hypermethylation and pyroptosis were eliminated by METTL3 knockdown, but more significant alterations were brought about by METTL3 overexpression. Moreover, using methylation RNA immunoprecipitation, nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) was found to be a target of METTL3. Mechanistically, METTL3 increased m6A methylation level of NLRP3 and further affects macrophage pyroptosis. Binding of insulin-like growth factor 2 binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) to the m6A-modified domains of NLRP3 was necessary for its stability. Lastly, the silencing of METTL3 mediated by adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) ameliorated periodental inflammation and alveolar bone loss in diabetes-associated PD mice. Collectively, we have shown that METTL3 induced m6A alterations of NLRP3 and enhanced its stability through pathways depended on IGF2BP3, thereby inducing macrophage pyroptosis in diabetes-associated PD progression, providing evidence that the METTL3/NLRP3 axis is a new and promising target for treating diabetes-associated PD.
Prospecting Cellulolytic Bacteria From White Grubs (Holotrichia serrata (F.) and Leucopholis coneophora Burmeister) Native to Karnataka Region
Authors: P Bhavani , KR Gagandeep , Ramesh Balenahalli Narasingappa , KV Prakash
Published: March 2024

Background
Insecta, the largest class within Arthropoda, hosts complex symbiotic relationships with microorganisms, offering significant potential for various biotechnological applications. The gut microbiota of insects, comprising a diverse array of bacteria, plays crucial roles in food digestion, nutrient provisioning, and enzyme synthesis, particularly relevant for lignocellulosic biomass breakdown and bioremediation. White grubs that are significant pests in Karnataka region, such Holotrichia serrata and Leucopholis coneophora, have gut microbiota that are rich in cellulolytic bacteria, which significantly aid in the breakdown of cellulose. Lignocellulosic biomass, derived from agricultural and forestry waste, presents opportunities for sustainable biofuel production and waste management.
Results
Seventeen cellulolytic bacterial isolates were obtained from the fermentation chambers of white grubs, displaying diverse morphological characteristics and predominantly belonging to Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria. Bacillus, Enterobacter and Klebsiella species were prevalent among the isolates. Evaluation of cellulolytic activity revealed notable capabilities, with Bacillus toyonensis strain LC3B1 exhibiting remarkable cellulolytic index. Substrate degradation assays demonstrated LC3B1 proficiency in decomposing various agricultural residues, highlighting its potential in biomass conversion. Structural analyses using FTIR and SEM techniques provided insights into cellulose breakdown mechanisms by these isolates.
Conclusion
The study underscores the diverse cellulolytic capabilities harbored within the gut bacteria of white grubs, offering promising avenues for biotechnological applications in lignocellulosic biomass degradation and biofuel production. The ubiquity of cellulase-producing strains from families such as Bacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae highlights their vital role in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass, having noteworthy consequences for the utilisation of biodegradation in recycling and environmentally friendly waste disposal.
Tell don’t ask: how to use social media to mobilise local collective climate action
Authors: Shreedhar Ganga , Hinton Josh , Thomas-Walters Laura
Published: March 2024

Collective climate action may be vital for shaping societal-level change and alleviating climate anxiety. We examined how climate movements can utilise social media to promote local public engagement, as the language and social imagery used by climate activists could affect public willingness to engage. Collaborating with Extinction Rebellion (XR)-United Kingdom (UK), we conducted a randomised controlled field trial with over 350,000 Facebook users in three cities: Birmingham, Oxford, and Cardiff. We evaluated the impact of messaging and imagery on local climate engagement, by comparing willingness to attend climate talks based on requests versus exhortations, alongside protest, impact, and diversity images. We found that exhortations were more effective than requests, especially when paired with climate impact imagery. Message effectiveness varied across cities, being the strongest in Birmingham and weakest in Cardiff, indicating the importance of tailoring strategies to local contexts.
Towards an objective, standardized beta frequency peak detection algorithm to inform adaptive deep brain stimulation programming in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Thompson John , Baker Sunderland , Radcliffe Erin , Kramer Daniel , Ojemann Steven , Case Michelle , Zarns Caleb , Holt-Becker Abbey , Raike Robert , Baumgartner Alexander , Kern Drew
Published: March 2024

Oscillatory activity within the beta frequency range (13-30Hz) serves as a Parkinson’s disease biomarker for tailoring deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatments. Currently, identifying clinically relevant beta signals, specifically frequencies of peak amplitudes within the beta spectral band, is a subjective process. To inform potential strategies for objective clinical decision making, we assessed algorithms for identifying beta peaks and devised a standardized approach for both research and clinical applications. Employing a novel monopolar referencing strategy, we utilized a brain sensing device to measure beta peak power across distinct contacts along each DBS electrode implanted in the subthalamic nucleus. We then evaluated the accuracy of ten beta peak detection algorithms, both existing and new, against a benchmark established by expert consensus. The most accurate algorithms matched the expert consensus in performance and reliably predicted the clinical stimulation parameters during follow-up visits. These findings highlight the potential of algorithmic solutions to overcome the subjective bias in beta peak identification, presenting viable options for standardizing this process. Such advancements could lead to significant improvements in the efficiency and accuracy of patient-specific DBS therapy parameterization.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant Ardisia crispa (Myrsinaceae)
Authors: Ye Juan , Luo Qin , Lang Yun-hu , Ding Ning , Jian Ying-quan , Wu Zhi-kun , Wei Sheng-hua , Yan Fu-lin
Published: March 2024

Ardisia crispa, a member of the Myrsinaceae family, possesses significant horticultural and medicinal properties as an ethnomedicine. The study aimed to analyze the chloroplast genome of A. crispa and compare it with other Ardisia species, revealing a length of 156,785 bp with a quadripartite structure and 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Furthermore, 59 simple sequence repeat (SSR) sites were identified in the genome. Examination of codon usage within the chloroplast genome indicated a greater inclination towards A/U nucleotides over G/C nucleotides, with leucine displaying the highest frequency among amino acids. The chloroplast genomes of the nine Ardisia species demonstrate conserved gene content and quantity, presenting more consistent boundaries and decreased variability. In the phylogenetic tree, A. crispa is clustered with A. crispa var dielsii, suggesting a close relationship with A. mamillata and A. pedalis. This study involved the construction and analysis of the chloroplast genome structure of A. crispa, as well as phylogenetic analysis using extensive chloroplast genome sequence data from Ardisia plants. This research is crucial for understanding the genetic basis of A. crispa and the adaptive evolution within the Ardisia genus.
Utilization of cocoa pod husk (Theobroma cacao L.) for production of microencapsulated powder rich in alkaloids
Authors: Nguyen Van Tang , Tran Thi Huynh Nhu , Pham Chau An
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to utilize cocoa pod husk (CPH) and various encapsulating materials (maltodextrin, gum Arabic, and chitosan) for production of microencapsulated powder rich in alkaloids. Physicochemical properties in terms of moisture content (MC), water activity (aw), water soluble index (WSI), density and morphology, bioactive compounds including total alkaloids content (TAC), total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and total saponins content (TSC), as well as antioxidant activity comprising ABTS/DPPH radical scavenging capacity (ARSC/DRSC) and ferric/cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP/CUPRAC) of powder rich in alkaloids from the CPH extract without and with microencapsulation were then analyzed and compared. The results showed that the MC and aw of microencapsulated powders (4.78 to 5.88% and 0.46 to 0.51, respectively) were lower than those of powder without microencapsulation (9.64% and 0.54, respectively). Use of maltodextrin and gum Arabic (9:1 w/w) as the wall materials for microencapsulation of the CPH extract obtained the greatest levels of TPC, TFC, TSC, DRSC, FRAP and CUPRAC (14.91 mg GAE, 22.69 mg CE, 113.21 mg EE, 24.59, 2.92 and 92.68 mg TE per g dried sample, respectively), while use of 100% maltodextrin resulted in the maximum amounts of TAC and ARSC (646.96 mg AE/g dried sample and 36.27 mg TE/g dried sample, respectively). Based on the obtained results, the mixture of maltodextrin and gum Arabic (9:1 w/w) as the wall materials was recommended to microencapsulate the alkaloids-enriched CPH extract for potential application in the nutraceutical and functional food industries.
Enhanced Contact Performance of High-Brightness Micro- LEDs via ITO/Al Anode Stack and Annealing Process
Authors: Meng Zeyang , Lu Chaoyu , Wang Guanghua , Gao Sibo , Deng Feng , Zhang Jie , Gao Shuxiong , Yang Wenyun
Published: March 2024

Micro-light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) are a new type of display device based on the third-generation semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) material which stands out for its high luminous efficiency, elevated brightness, short response times, and high reliability. The contact between anode layers and P-GaN is one of the keys to improving the performance of the devices. This study investigates the impact of electrode structure design and optimized annealing conditions on the anode contact performance of devices. The Micro-LED device with the size of 9.1μm whose electrode structure is ITO/Ti/Al/Ni/Cr/Pt/Au (100/50/350/100/500/500/5000Å) exhibits a significant improvement in contact performance after annealing under the Ar gas atmosphere at 500° C for 5 minutes. The optimized device exhibited a current of 10.9mA and a brightness of 298628cd/m2 under 5V.
State-of-the-art Sleep Arousal Detection Evaluated on a Comprehensive Clinical Dataset
Authors: Ehrlich Franz , Sehr Tony , Brandt Moritz , Schmidt Martin , Malberg Hagen , Sedlmayr Martin , Goldammer Miriam
Published: March 2024

Aiming to apply automatic arousal detection to support sleep laboratories, we evaluated an optimized, state-of-the-art approach using data from daily work in our university hospital sleep laboratory. Therefore, a machine learning algorithm was trained and evaluated on 3423 polysomnograms of people suffering from various sleep disorders. The model architecture is a U-net that accepts 50 Hz signals as input. We compared this algorithm with models trained on publicly available datasets, and evaluated these models using our clinical dataset, particularly with regard to the effects of different sleep disorders. In an effort to evaluate clinical relevance, we designed a metric based on the error of the predicted arousal index. Our models achieve an area under the precision recall curve (AUPRC) of up to 0.83 and F1 scores of up to 0.81. The model trained on our data showed no age or gender bias and no significant negative effect regarding sleep disorders on model performance compared to healthy sleep. In contrast, models trained on public datasets showed a small to moderate negative effect (calculated using Cohen's d) of sleep disorders on model performance. Therefore, we conclude that state-of-the-art arousal detection on our clinical data is possible with our model architecture. Thus, our results support the general recommendation to use a clinical dataset for training if the model is to be applied to clinical data.
The CLCF1-CNTFR axis drives an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and blockade enhances the effects of established cancer therapies
Authors: Sweet-Cordero Eric , Marini Kieren , Champion Emma , Lee Alex , Young Isabelle , Leung Stanley , Mathey-Andrews Nicolas , Jacks Tyler , Jackson Peter , Cochran Jennifer
Published: March 2024

Tumors comprise a complex ecosystem consisting of many cell types that communicate through secreted factors. Targeting these intercellular signaling networks remains an important challenge in cancer research. Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1) is an interleukin-6 (IL-6) family member secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that binds to ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR), promoting tumor growth in lung and liver cancer1,2. A high-affinity soluble receptor (eCNTFR-Fc) that sequesters CLCF1 has anti-oncogenic effects3. However, the role of CLCF1 in mediating cell-cell interactions in cancer has remained unclear. We demonstrate that eCNTFR–Fc has widespread effects on both tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment and can sensitize cancer cells to KRAS inhibitors or immune checkpoint blockade. After three weeks of treatment with eCNTFR-Fc, there is a shift from an immunosuppressive to an immunostimulatory macrophage phenotype as well as an increase in activated T, NKT, and NK cells. Combination of eCNTFR-Fc and αPD1 was significantly more effective than single-agent therapy in a syngeneic allograft model, and eCNTFR-Fc sensitizes tumor cells to αPD1 in a non-responsive GEM model of lung adenocarcinoma. These data suggest that combining eCNTFR-Fc with KRAS inhibition or with αPD1 is a novel therapeutic strategy for lung cancer and potentially other cancers in which these therapies have been used but to date with only modest effect. Overall, we demonstrate the potential of cancer therapies that target cytokines to alter the immune microenvironment.
A Human Brain Map of Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity and Diversity
Authors: Picard Martin , Mosharov Eugene , Rosenberg Ayelet , Monzel Anna , Osto Corey , Stiles Linsey , Rosoklija Gorazd , Dwork Andrew , Bindra Snehal , Zhang Ya , Fujita Masashi , Mariani Madeline , Bakalian Mihran , Sulzer David , De Jager Philip , Menon Vilas , Shirihai Orian , Mann John , Underwood Mark , Boldrini Maura , de Schotten Michel Thiebaut
Published: March 2024

Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) powers brain activity1,2, and mitochondrial defects are linked to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders3,4, underscoring the need to define the brain’s molecular energetic landscape5–10. To bridge the cognitive neuroscience and cell biology scale gap, we developed a physical voxelization approach to partition a frozen human coronal hemisphere section into 703 voxels comparable to neuroimaging resolution (3x3x3 mm). In each cortical and subcortical brain voxel, we profiled mitochondrial phenotypes including OxPhos enzyme activities, mitochondrial DNA and volume density, and mitochondria-specific respiratory capacity. We show that the human brain contains a diversity of mitochondrial phenotypes driven by both topology and cell types. Compared to white matter, grey matter contains >50% more mitochondria. We show that the more abundant grey matter mitochondria also are biochemically optimized for energy transformation, particularly among recently evolved cortical brain regions. Scaling these data to the whole brain, we created a backward linear regression model integrating several neuroimaging modalities11, thereby generating a brain-wide map of mitochondrial distribution and specialization that predicts mitochondrial characteristics in an independent brain region of the same donor brain. This new approach and the resulting MitoBrainMap of mitochondrial phenotypes provide a foundation for exploring the molecular energetic landscape that enables normal brain functions, relating it to neuroimaging data, and defining the subcellular basis for regionalized brain processes relevant to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.