bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stomatal Studies on Colchicine Treated Bajra Napier Hybrids (Pennisetum glaucum x P. purpureum)
Authors: Baby Juby , Ganesan N. Meenakshi , Ganesan K.N. , Sivakumar S.D. , Chandrasekhar C.N. , Sobhakumari V.P.
Published: April 2023

Background: This experiment was done to analyze the colchiploids obtained in two bajra napier hybrid genotypes named CO6 and TNCN 1534. Stomatal size is considered as one of the main parameters in analysing the variants developed by colchicine application. Methods: Two methods were adopted for inducing polyploidy BN hybrids. In case of whole immersion method, budded setts were completely immersed in concentrations of 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20% and 0.25% for 3 and 6 hours duration. In case of the cotton swab method, the nodded setts were covered with a thin layer of cotton and same five concentrations were given continuously for a period of over two days. After transplanting them in the field for 30 days, evaluation of stomatal length and width was done. Result: The stomatal measurements changed with various range of concentrations and the method of application. In the case of whole immersion method, 0.20% and 0.25% concentration for 3 and 6 hours produced variants having largest width and length of stomata and also covered the largest range for mean values. In cotton swab treatment, highest range for stomatal measurements were seen at 0.20% and 0.25% concentrations. The whole immersion method was able to generate a wide range for stomatal length and width as compared to cotton swab method. Hence, it can be deciphered that whole immersion method was more effective than cotton swab method in this study. The highest concentration of 0.25% was the most effective in inducing changes in the treated plants in both the methods. Through this, we were able to identify some putative colchiploids in the study. These screened polyploids were forwarded for further analysis which were then used to identify genotypes having desirable forage and quality parameters.
Petrology of the Kureika Graphite Deposit in the Roof of the First-Rapid Trap Intrusion (Siberian Platform)
Authors: Ryabov V.V. , Ponomarchuk V.A.
Published: April 2023

—The leading role of lithostratigraphic, structural/tectonic, magmatic, metamorphic, and fluid geologic factors in the formation of a graphite deposit is substantiated. We present the petrographic and chemical compositions of rocks and minerals of igneous rocks, the δ13С values of graphites and calcitites, the δ18O values of carbonates, the δ34S values of sulfides, and the 87Sr/86Sr and 87Rb/86Sr ratios in calcitites and microdolerite injections. The thermal effect of magmatic melt on coal led to its degassing and graphitization. The steaming of microdolerite injections with hydrocarbon fluids was probably accompanied by the removal of iron from them and the crystallization of low-Fe clinopyroxene, and the interaction of fluids with basaltic melt in the upper endocontact zone of the intrusion led to the segregation of the melt and the formation of a globular structure of rocks. The presence of a calcitite lens and a sulfide vein between the roof of the intrusion and the graphite bed is due to the earlier intrusion of sulfate salt melt and its subsequent interaction with hydrocarbon fluids, which resulted in sulfate reduction and the formation of calcitites. The sulfate reduction terminated with iron sulfurization in the basaltic melt and the formation of a sulfide vein. Sulfate salt melt was a source of heavy sulfur isotope (δ34S = 14.9–17.5‰) for sulfides and of calcium for calcitites. The similar isotope compositions of calcitites (δ13СPDB = –22.5 to –23.5‰), coals (–22.6 to –25.5‰, n = 25), and graphites (–23.5 to –25.0) suggest that coal is a source of carbon for calcitites. In the isotopic compositions of strontium (87Sr/86Sr ≈ 0.70834–0.70885) and oxygen δ18O ≈ 15‰) the calcitites are similar to the Devonian evaporites of the Siberian Platform. The isotope data (δ34S, δ18O, δ13С, and 87Rb/86Sr) point to the participation of the coal seam and anhydrite as sources of substance in the formation of calcitite and sulfide mineralization.
Composition of the Fluid in Carbonate- and Chlorine-Bearing Pelite near the Second Critical Point: Results of Diamond Trap Experiments
Authors: Sokol A.G. , Koz’menko O.A. , Kruk A.N. , Nechepurenko S.F.
Published: April 2023

—The composition of the fluid in carbonate- and chlorine-bearing pelite was experimentally studied at 3.0 GPa and 750 and 900 ºC, using the diamond trap method. The results of inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry (ICP AES) and mass balance calculations showed that a supercritical fluid formed in the studied system at 3.0 GPa and 750 °C. The fluid is Si- and Al-rich and contains 30–50 wt.% H2O + CO2 and up to 1 wt.% Cl. The contents of other major elements decrease in the order: K > Na > Сa ≈ Fe > Mg > Mn > Ti ≈ P. Compared with supercritical fluids appeared in the systems pelite–H2O and eclogite–H2O, the fluid with high CO2 and Cl contents is richer in Fe, Ca, Mg, and Mn but poorer in Si. Silicate melt generated in this system at 900 ºС has a composition typical of pelitic melt. Our experiments reveal a set of fingerprints of element fractionation between a supercritical fluid and solids forming an eclogite-like association, namely, high mobility of P, Sr, and B and low mobility of Li and S. Thus, a supercritical fluid compositionally similar to the pelitic melts generated in subduction zones can transfer significant amounts of both volatiles (H2O, CO2, Cl, and P) and major components to the regions of arc magma generation. It is important that supercritical fluids should have trace element signatures of diluted low-temperature fluids.
Censored Classics: Herodotean “Histories” in Russia in the Second Half of the 18th - Early 19th Centuries
Authors: Ашаева А.В.
Published: April 2023

В статье на основе уникальных архивных свидетельств представлена судьба первых русских переводов «Истории» Геродота. В 1826–1827 гг. Главный цензурный комитет постановил исключить некоторые главы и дать специаль-ные пояснения к отдельным частям русского перевода труда Геродота И.И Мартыновым. Цензурное разбирательство, заведенное на Геродота в разгар дела декабристов, демонстрирует явное восприятие «отца истории» как «опасного автора». Этот исторический казус стал своеобразным прецедентом, свидетельствующим о своеобразии российского варианта рецепции антично-сти, с одной стороны, и о тесной связи античного наследия с идейно-политической жизнью императорской России, с другой.

The article based on unique archival evidence, considers early Russian translations of Herodotean “Histories”. In 1826-1827, the Main censorship committee decided to exclude some chapters and give special explanations to certain parts of the Rus-sian translation of the work of Herodotus by I.I. Martynov. The censorship pro-ceedings demonstrate a clear perception of the "father of history" as a "dangerous author." This historical incident has become a kind of precedent. It demonstrates the originality of the Russian version of the reception of antiquity and to the close connection of the ancient heritage with the ideological and political life of imperial Russia.
Ипполит Тэн в либеральной российской журналистике второй половины XIX в.
Authors: Банашкевич М.
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена восприятию взглядов Ипполита Тэна (1828–1893) на историю и общественные вопросы в русских либеральных кругах второй половины XIX в. Иностранная литература была существенным источником инспирации для интеллектуалов и людей дела, ищущих образцов, по каким должна модернизоваться Россия. Рамки исследования охватывают период со второй половины 1850-х до середины 1890-х гг. Источниковую базу составляют рецензии на работы французского позитивиста, публиковавшиеся в важнейших либеральных периодических изданиях. Их анализ позволяет выявить смыслы, какие либеральные публицисты придавали комментированным книгам. Это, в свою очередь, дает возможность увидеть как русский либерализм адаптировал и модифицировал западные политические идеи.

The article deals with the reception of Hippolyte Taine’s (1828-1893) views on history and society in liberal circles in Russia in the second half of the nineteenth century. Foreign literature was an important source of inspiration for intellectuals and activists seeking examples on which to base the modernisation of Russia. The timeline of the study is 1855-1905. The reference base consists of reviews of the works of the French positivist, published in the most important liberal Russian periodicals. The analysis of these reviews allows us to grasp how the publicists interpreted the books they commented on, thereby making it possible to perceive the specificity of Russian liberalism before the first Russian Revolution.
Fundamental Ideas of Russian Historical Polonistics and Their Refractive in the Works of V.O. Klyuchevsky
Authors: Кручковский Т.Т.
Published: April 2023

В статье представлены фундаментальные идеи российской исторической полонистики ХIХ – начала ХХ в. в преломление их в творчестве В.О. Ключевского. Оценочные подходы ученого к истории Польши сочетали признание фундаментальных идей российской исторической полонистики консервативных и славянофильских, по сути, и отход от них на либерально-западнические позиции. В этом контексте научное наследие историка не исследовалась и специального комплексного историографического исследования по этой проблематике не проводилось.

The article presents the fundamental ideas of Russian historical polonistics of the 19th - early 20th centuries as refracted in the works of V.O. Kluchevsky. The scientist's evaluative approaches to the history of Poland combined the recognition of the fundamental ideas of Russian historical polonistics, conservative and Slavophile in essence, and a departure from them to liberal-Westernist positions. In this context, the historian's scientific heritage has not been studied and no special comprehensive historiographic research has been carried out on this issue.
“The Spiritual Father in Old Russia” in the Modern Era: The Concept of the “Penitential Family” and Its Religious and Philosophical Foundations as Understood by S. I. Smirnov
Authors: Ячменик В.А.
Published: April 2023

С. И. Смирнов, исследователь истории духовничества, известен разработанным в работе «Древнерусский духовник» концептом «покаяльная семья», в которой он видел идеал церковной общины. Он пытался тем самым обозначить оппозицию добровольного и территориального прихода. Смирнов описывал «покаяльную семью» как историческую особенность древнерусского церковного быта, однако термин оказался востребован среди современников и стал широко использоваться безотносительно работ исследователя. Так, «покаяльная семья» как концепт, вынесенный за рамки исторического контекста, понимался в качестве независимой от высшей иерархической власти церковной общины. В статье утверждается, что работа Смирнова, являясь исторической, не в меньшей мере вдохновлена современной ему церковно-общественной дискуссией.

S.I. Smirnov, a researcher of the history of clergy, is known for the concept of the “penitential family” developed in his “The Spiritual Father in Old Russia”, in which he saw the ideal of the church community. Smirnov described it as a historical feature of Old Russian church life, but the term was in demand among his contemporaries and became widely used without reference to the researcher's works. Thus, the “penitential family” as a concept taken out of the historical context was understood as a church community independent of the highest hierarchical authority. The article argues that Smirnov's work, while being historical, is no less inspired by his contemporary church-society discourse.
The Dialectic «The Decline of the West»: Reception of the Intellectual Heritage of Oswald Spengler in Soviet Humanitarian Thought
Authors: Терехов О.Э. , Терехова О.Н.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассматривается восприятие интеллектуального наследия философа истории и культуролога XX века Освальда Шпенглера в советской гуманитарной мысли. Авторы отмечают, что интерес к культурно-исторической и политической концепции Шпенглера возник у советских гуманитариев практически с момента выхода первого тома его главного труда «Закат Европы». Оппонирование идеям Шпенглера и его сторонникам в Советской России с точки зрения исторического материализма повлияло, по мнению авторов, на становление теоретико-методологических основ советской гуманитарной мысли. Однако, как подчеркивают авторы, несмотря на критическую оценку интеллектуального наследия автора «Заката Европы» в целом, советская гуманитарная мысль воспринимала Шпенглера как одного из значительных представителей западной «буржуазной» мысли XX века.

The article examines the perception of the intellectual heritage of the famous German philosopher of history and cultural critic of the XX century Oswald Spengler in Soviet humanitarian thought. The authors note that the interest in the cultural-historical and political concept of Spengler arose among Soviet humanitarians almost from the moment the first volume of his main work «The Decline of Europe» was published. The rigid opposition to the ideas of Spengler and his supporters in Soviet Russia from the point of view of historical materialism influenced, according to the authors, the formation of the theoretical and methodological foundations of Soviet humanitarian thought. However, as the authors emphasize, despite the critical assessment of the intellectual heritage of the author of «The Decline of Europe», Soviet humanitarian thought perceived Spengler as one of the significant representatives of Western «bourgeois» thought of the XX century.
On the Question of the ‘Religiosity’ of Soviet Ideology
Authors: Синицын Ф.Л.
Published: April 2023

В отечественной и зарубежной литературе распространено мнение о религиозной сущности марксизм-ленинизма. В статье на основе анализа основных аспектов этой идеологии сделан вывод, что она не обладала «религиозными» характеристиками из-за отсутствия у нее трансцендентных характеристик, а также неустойчивой догматичности и «сакрализации» вождей. Коммунистическая идеология и религия вполне совмещались в мировоззрении жителей СССР. Советские идеолого-политические практики так же не являлись «религией», а имевшиеся в них «религиозные мотивы» являлись подменой или заменой религиозных обрядов с целью формирования новой, советской идентичности.

There is a widespread opinion in Russian and foreign literature about the religious essence of Marxism-Leninism. Based on the analysis of the main aspects of this ideology, the article concludes that it did not have ‘religious’ characteristics due to its lack of transcendent characteristics, as well as of unstable dogmatism and ‘sacralization’ of leaders. Communist ideology and religion were completely combined in the worldview of the inhabitants of the USSR. Soviet ideological and political practices were also not a ‘religion’, and the ‘religious motives’ that existed in them were a substitution or replacement of religious rites in order to form a new, Soviet identity.
The Past by the Eyes of the Impostor: Russian Troubles in Poetic Works False-Shuisky
Authors: Ляпин Д.А.
Published: April 2023

Формирование образа прошлого в общественном историческом сознании все-гда тесно связано с государственной политикой. Для России периода правле-ния первых Романовых эта проблема имела особую актуальность в отношении Смутного времени – гражданской войны и внутреннего кризиса, приведшего к воцарению новой династии. К середине XVII в. благодаря памятникам публи-цистики и официальным летописям сформировались общие представления о данных событиях, закрепившиеся впоследствии в историографии. В этой связи вызывает интерес иная, оригинальная трактовка русской Смуты, которая при-надлежит самозванцу Лже-Шуйскому (Тимофею Акиндинову). Он изложил свои взгляды в поэтическом цикле «Декларации Московскому посольству» 1646 г. Одно из его стихотворений, вошедших в данную Декларацию, посвя-щено истории Филарета Романова – якобы главного виновника случившейся в России катастрофы.

The formation of the image of the past in the historical consciousness of people is closely connected with state policy. In a traditional authoritarian society, as auto-cratic Russia was under the first Romanovs and as it remained until the death of this dynasty, important attention was paid to the events of the immediate past. By the middle of the 17th century, thanks to the monuments of journalism and chronicles, general ideas about the events of the beginning of the century were formed. Then this tradition was fixed in historiography. This tradition is opposed by the interpre-tation of the Russian Time of Troubles by the impostor False Shuisky (Timofei Akindinov), set forth by him in the poetry cycle “Declaration to the Moscow Em-bassy” of 1646. One of the poems included in the Declaration is dedicated to the history of Filaret Romanov.
Ethnographic Description and Ethnic Ideas about Russia of the 1730’s by Lord George Forbes
Authors: Лабутина Т.Л.
Published: April 2023

В статье анализируется трактат посла Великобритании лорда Дж. Форбса «Очерк о России. 1733–1734 гг.», написанный во время его пребывания при дворе императрицы Анны Иоанновны (оригинал хранится в замке семейства Форбсов в Ирландии). Впервые текст трактата был опубликован американским историком Майклом Биттером в 2004 г. в журнале «The Slavonic and East European Review». В своем очерке Форбс представил подробное описание местоположения, природных ресурсов, климата, управления, экономики, обычаев России, что позволяет причислить его произведение к этнографическим работам. В то же время восприятие увиденного в стране пребывания дало возможность составить представление о сложившихся у лорда Форбса этнических стереотипах о России и ее народе. Автор приходит к выводу, что произведение британского посла носит объективный характер и расширяет представления наших современников об эпохе правления Анны Иоанновны.

The article analyzes the treatise of the British Ambassador Lord J. Forbes “Essay on Russia. 1733–1734”, written during his stay at the court of Empress Anna Ioannovna (the original is kept in the castle of the Forbes family in Ireland). The text of the treatise was first published by the American historian Michael Bitter in 2004 in The Slavonic and East European Review. In his essay, Forbes presented a detailed description of the location, natural resources, climate, governance, economy, and customs of Russia, which makes it possible to classify his work as an ethnographic work. At the same time, the perception of what he saw in the host country made it possible to get an idea of ​​the ethnic stereotypes that Lord Forbes had formed about Russia and its people. The author comes to the conclusion that the work of the British ambassador is of an objective nature and expands the ideas of our contemporaries about the era of the reign of Anna Ioannovna.
Women’s European Journey of the Enlightenment Period: the Road and Transport System and its Impact on the Experience of Mobility and Space Perception
Authors: Новикова А.Д.
Published: April 2023

В статье исследуются особенности женских путешествий по Европе Века Просвещения. Основным источником стал малоизвестный неопубликованный травелог сестры британского посланника Кэтрин Гертруды Гаррис о поездках из Англии в Россию в 1770–1780-е гг. Его изучение позволяет реконструировать ещё недостаточно изученную тему женских практик мобильности второй половины XVIII в. и понять, как европейская дорожно-транспортная система и связанные с ней трудности пути влияли на опыт освоения европейского пространства путешественницами.

The article attempts to investigate how the women travelers master European space during the Age of Enlightenment. This paper investigates the unpublished, little-known travelogue of the British envoy’s sister Katherine Gertrude Harris. In a series of journals, she described journeys from England to Russia in the 1770s-1780s. The study of these documents provides an opportunity to reconstruct the under-researched topic of women’s travel, as well as to articulate road and transport infrastructure and its impact on the European travelers’ experience of mobility.
“Own” View of The “New”, “Extraneous”, but Not “Alien” (Memoirs of G.A. Dzhanshiev about the Jury Trial as a Historical Source)
Authors: Демичев А.А.
Published: April 2023

В статье с позиции источниковедческой парадигмы методологии истории анализируется источник личного происхождения второй половины XIX в. – воспоминания о суде присяжных известного публициста Г.А. Джаншиева. Установлены время, место и цель написания воспоминаний. Выделены характерные для мемуаристики нового времени и специфические черты источника. Когнитивная ценность воспоминаний рассматривается в фактографическом и аксиологическом аспектах. Установлено, что источник показывает не только личное отношение автора к суду присяжных и попыткам консервативных изменений Судебных уставов 1864 г., но и либерально настроенного круга юристов, публицистов, общественных деятелей, ученых.

The article analyzes the source of personal origin of the second half of the 19th century from the position of the source study paradigm of the methodology of history, – memories of the jury trial of the famous publicist G.A. Janshiev. The time, place and purpose of writing memoirs are established. Characteristic for the memoirs of the new time and individual specific features of the source are singled out. The cognitive value of memories is considered in factual and axiological aspects. It has been established that the source shows not only the author's personal attitude to the jury trial and attempts at conservative changes in the Judicial Statutes of 1864, but also the liberal-minded circle of lawyers, publicists, public figures, and scientists.
Manipulation Discourse Practices in the Political Discourse of the First Phase of the Cold War Between the USA and the USSR
Authors: Шушарина Г.А. , Петрунина Ж.В.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся манипулятивного воздействия в американском политическом дискурсе в период с середины 1940-х до середины 1950-х гг., ставшим основой для апробирования и дальнейшего использования практик манипулирования общественным сознанием в отношении советского государства, чья идеология и образ жизни препятствовали усилению влияния США в мире. Анализу подвергнуты материалы влиятельных американских газет и рассекреченных архивов ЦРУ, Совета национальной безопасности, службы Государственного секретаря США. В источниках выявляются манипулятивные дискурсивные практики, используемые США и направленные на дискредитацию Советского Союза. Систематизация выявленных дискурсивных практик манипулирования, представленных в политическом дискурсе времен начального этапа холодной войны, установила их негативно-оценочный характер, объединяемых в контексте конструирования образа СССР как врага.

The article deals with issues related to manipulative influence in the American political discourse during the period from the mid-1940s to the mid-1950s, which became the basis for the testing and further use of practices of manipulating public consciousness against the Soviet state, whose ideology and way of life hindered the strengthening of US influence in the world. The materials of influential American newspapers and declassified archives of the CIA, the National Security Council, and the Office of the US Secretary of State were analyzed. The sources identify manipulative discursive practices used by the U.S. and aimed at discrediting the Soviet Union. The systematization of the identified discursive practices of manipulation, presented in the political discourse of the initial stage of the Cold War, established their negative and evaluative nature, united in the context of constructing the image of the USSR as an enemy.
Compliance in The Russian Village. Biopolitics or Dissemination of Hygiene Messages?
Authors: Туторская М.С. , Бергер Е.Е.
Published: April 2023

В статье рассматриваются «медицинские» материалы, собранные в рамках работы «Этнографического бюро князя В.Н. Тенишева», систематизированные сотрудником бюро Г.И. Поповым и составленный им проект программы по медицинской этнографии. Гавриил Попов написал исследовательскую работу не только о принципиальных отличиях народного врачевания от научной ме-дицины, но и о картине мира русского крестьянства. Исследование имело ко-лоссальную практическую значимость. Этнография, понятая таким образом, имела возможность превратиться из описательной дисциплины, изучающей местный фольклор, в эффективный инструмент медицинской практики, и, как следствие, управления империей.

The article deals with the "medical" materials collected during the work of the "Eth-nographic Bureau of Prince V.N. Tenishev”, systematized by G.I. Popov - one of the twelve full-time employees of the bureau - and the draft program on medical ethnography, compiled by G.I. Popov. Gavriil Popov wrote a serious research work that raised important questions not only about the fundamental differences between folk healing and scientific medicine, but also about the picture of the world of the Russian peasantry. The study had enormous practical significance. Ethnography, understood in this way, had the potential to transform itself from a descriptive dis-cipline studying local folklore into an effective instrument of medical practice, and therefore empire management.
Vasily Dragomiretsky: from Russians to Ukrainians and Back Again
Authors: Парфирьев Д.С.
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена биографии Василия Драгомирецкого, уроженца Галиции, который был русским чиновником, затем украинским дипломатом, а затем, в эмиграции, снова «русифицировался». Случай Драгомирецкого иллюстрирует две тенденции, связанные с попытками создать украинскую государственность в начале XX столетия. Во-первых, украинскую идентификацию охотно использовали те, кто ранее скрывал и отрицал свои проукраинские симпатии. Во-вторых, нехватка национально сознательных кадров вынуждала украинские власти привлекать на службу «антиукраинский» элемент. Практика, часто позиционируемая как отличительная черта режима гетмана Скоропадского, сохранялась и после его свержения.

The article reveals the biography of Vasily Dragomiretsky, the native of Galicia, who was Russian official, then became Ukrainian diplomat, and, finally, ‘russified’ himself again in exile. Dragomiretsky’s case illustrates two tendencies linked to attempts of Ukrainian state-building in the beginning of the XXth century. The first one was that Ukrainian identification was willingly used by those who previously concealed and denied their pro-Ukrainian sympathies. The second one was that a lack of nationally conscious cadres forced Ukrainian authorities to recruit ‘anti-Ukrainian’ elements. The practice that has often been characterized as distinctive feature of hetman Skoropadky’s regime, persisted even after his overthrow.
Kazan Period in the Life and Fate of Historian: Vladimir Ivanovich Ogorodnikov (1886–1938)
Authors: Сальникова А.А. , Сыченкова Л.А.
Published: April 2023

В статье на основе новых документов, отложившихся в фондах Государственного архива Республики Татарстан, осуществлена реконструкция одного из переломных и во многом определяющих периодов в биографии известного историка-сибиреведа Владимира Ивановича Огородникова (1886–1938). Этот период, начавшись в 1906 г. с поступления В.И. Огородникова на историко-филологический факультет Казанского университета, продолжился во время его обучения в магистратуре, а затем и преподавания на кафедре русской истории Казанского университета и завершился в сентябре 1918 г. поспешным оставлением Казани накануне взятия города частями Красной армии. Обращение к новым документам позволило не только восполнить некоторые пробелы и внести ряд уточнений в биографию этого человека, но и проследить особенности становления его как ученого и как личности, выявить истоки его будущих научных пристрастий, профессиональных и общественных интересов, объяснить выстраиваемую им впоследствии модель поведения в условиях нового советского бытия.

This article reconstructs one of the crucial and in many ways decisive periods in the biography of Vladimir Ivanovich Ogorodnikov (1886-1938), a famous historian and expert on Siberian lore, on the basis of new documents from the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan. This period began in 1906, when V.I. Ogorodnikov became a student of the History and Philology Faculty of Kazan University. It continued while he was obtaining his Master's degree, and then taught at the Kazan University Russian History Department. It ended in September 1918 with Ogorodnikov’s hasty departure from Kazan on the eve of the capture of the city by the Red Army. The appeal to new documents allowed filling some gaps and making a number of clarifications in the biography of this man. Besides this, it helped to trace the features of his formation as a scientist and as a person, to identify the origins of his future scientific preferences, professional and social interests, to explain the model of behavior he subsequently built in the conditions of the new Soviet existence.
Jacques Maritain and Soviet Russia
Authors: Шмелев Д.В.
Published: April 2023

В статье анализируется отношение крупнейшего французского философа-неото-миста Жака Маритена к русской революции, советскому опыту строительства социализма, тоталитаризму. В центре исследования находится интеллектуальная биография Маритена в период между двумя мировыми войнами. Интеллектуальный путь католического философа связан вначале с его увлечением социализмом, затем с активным участием в деятельности «Аксьон франсэз» и дружбой с Шарлем Моррасом и Анри Массисом, но также одновременно с знакомством с русской литературой, постижением событий в России, природы коммунизма, организацией встреч с русской религиозной эмиграцией и дискуссиями с Н.А. Бердяевым. На протяжении 1920–1930-х гг. Жак Маритен, оставаясь убежденным католиком, пережил эволюцию от позиции жесткого консерватора, ставившего дело Церкви на первый план и отвергавшего любое сотрудничество с коммунизмом, до философа, осудившего террор во время гражданской войны в Испании, вставшего впоследствии на путь антифашистской борьбы. Статья основана на материалах философского и публицистического творчества Жака Маритена, личных заметках и переписке, а также биографических трудах, написанных российскими и зарубежными исследователями.

The article analyzes the attitude of the largest French neo-Thomist philosopher Jacques Maritain to the Russian Revolution, the Soviet experience of building socialism, and totalitarianism. The research focuses on the intellectual biography of Maritain in the period between the interwar period. The intellectual path of the Catholic philosopher connected first with his fascination with socialism, then with his active participation in the activities of “Action Française” and friendship with Charles Maurras and Henri Massis, but also with acquaintance with Russian literature, comprehension of events in Russia, the nature of communism, organization of meetings with Russian religious emigration and discussions with Berdyaev. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Jacques Maritain, remaining a staunch Catholic, experienced an evolution from the position of a hard conservative who put the cause of the Church in the foreground and rejected any cooperation with communism to a philosopher who condemned terror during the Spanish Civil War, who subsequently embarked on the path of anti-fascist struggle. The article based on the materials of the philosophical and journalistic work of Jacques Maritain, his articles in French newspapers, personal notes and correspondence, as well as biographical works written by Russian and foreign researchers.
De Gaulle and Stalin: Silent Dialogue
Authors: Арзаканян М.Ц.
Published: April 2023

Работа посвящена связям генерала де Голля и Сталина. Она основана как на опубликованных, так и неопубликованных источниках, хранящихся в московских архивах. Некоторые из них впервые вводятся в научный оборот. Центральным событием, послужившим поводом для взаимоотношений лидеров двух стран стала Вторая мировая война. Единственная личная встреча де Голля и Сталина состоялась в декабре 1944 г. во время исторического визита генерала в Москву. Однако еще задолго до нее де Голль стремился побывать в Советском Союзе, чтобы повидаться со Сталиным и тем самым упрочить свое положение в рядах западных союзников. После войны де Голль и Сталин вспоминали о своей единственной встрече и оставили друг о друге ряд интересных свидетельств.

The paper is devoted to the connections of General de Gaulle and Stalin. It is based on both published and unpublished sources of Moscow archives. Some of them are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The central event that served as a pretext for the relationship between the leaders of the two countries was the Second World War. The only personal meeting between de Gaulle and Stalin took place in December of 1944 during the General’s historic visit to Moscou. However, long before it, de Gaulle strove to visit the Soviet Union in order to see Stalin and thereby strengthen his own position in the ranks of the Western allies. After the War, de Gaulle and Stalin recalled their meeting and left some interesting testimonies about each other.
РОЖДЕНИЕ ЕВРЕЙСТВА ИЗ ДУХА ДЕПРЕССИИ: ДНЕВНИК КИТАИСТА В.А. РУБИНА В КОНТЕКСТЕ
Authors: Зеленина Г.С.
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена реконструкции биографии китаиста и активиста еврейского движения В.А. Рубина (1923—1981) и проблематизации ее переломного периода, в который Рубин решается на эмиграцию, включается в борьбу за нее, меняет свою жизнь и переосмысляет идентичность. Исследование построено на дневниках Рубина, рассматриваемых в контексте других эго-документов: его собственных, его родных, сподвижников и современников. Контекстуализация дает возможность проследить ретроспективные искажения образа и взглядов Рубина, а также выявить в его дневнике и автобиографических текстах других отказников общие черты, позволяющие предложить объяснение неожиданному «возвращению к корням» небольшой части советской еврейской интеллигенции.
Edmund Burke's Crusade Against Peace with the Regiciders (1795)
Authors: Гаврилин Б.А.
Published: April 2023

Статья знакомит читателя с «Письмами на мир с цареубийцами» Эдмунда Бёрка. Письма увидели свет в период с осени 1796 г. по начало 1797 г. и представляют собой послание к парламенту с развернутой аргументацией о пагубности заключения мира с революционной Францией. В литературном наследии «отца политического консерватизма» «Письма» занимают особое место: они стали своеобразной лебединой песней Э. Бёрка, его политическим завещанием. Вместе с тем они несут на себе яркий отпечаток времени революционных войн в Европе, являясь источником для изучения внутриполитической борьбы и полемики в Британии вокруг отношения к революционной Франции 1790-х гг. Вниманию читателя предлагается перевод в извлечениях первого письма, опубликованного 20 октября 1796 г. Текст переведен на русский язык впервые.

The article introduces the “Letters on a Regicide Peace” by the conservative thinker Edmund Burke, which were published between the autumn of 1796 and the beginning of 1797. The letters are a message to Parliament with a detailed argument about the perniciousness of making peace with revolutionary France. In the entire literary heritage of the “father of political conservatism”, the “Letters” occupy a special place: it have become a kind of swan song of E. Burke, his political testament. At the same time, it bear a vivid imprint of the revolutionary wars in Europe, being a source for studying the internal political struggle and controversy in Britain around the attitude towards revolutionary France in the 1790s. The attention of the reader is offered a translation in extracts of the first letter published on October 20, 1796. The text has been translated into Russian for the first time.
«ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА» В МИРЕ: ПЛОДЫ ОТСТРАНЕННОГО ИЗУЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Кирчанов М.В.
Published: April 2023

В статье проанализированы тактики и стратегии политических элит, направленные на превращение истории в символический ресурс легитимации власти и политической мобилизации. Автором в представленной статье проанализированы парадигмы исторической политики, представленные доминированием элит в формировании представлений о прошлом, попытками интеллектуальной ревизии и продвижения альтернативных мемориальных культур, дрейфом мемориальных практик в сферу массовой культуры. Анализируется истории политики памяти в ее ранних, «классических» и современных версиях, закономерности развития мемориальных культур, показана универсальной и неизбежность исторической политики.

The article analyzes the tactics and strategies of political elites aimed at turning history into a symbolic resource for legitimizing power and political mobilization. The author in this article analyzes the paradigms of historical politics, represented by the dominance of elites in the formation of ideas about the past, attempts of intellectual revision and promotion of alternative memorial cultures, and the drift of memorial practices into the sphere of mass culture. The history of the politics of memory in its early, "classical" and modern versions, the patterns of development of memorial cultures are analyzed, the universality and inevitability of historical politics is shown.
RASD
Authors: El Ualy: Polisario Vencera
Published: April 2023

RASD is a song in entamas mode and medha rhythm directed at the PF and about the principles of the Saharawi constitution. Since 1976, these songs are performed by the group El Ualy (named for their hero), the first musical band representing the Saharawi people in exile.
Ngoma Yarira
Authors: (Band) Hallejujah Chicken Run Band
Published: April 2023

The Drums are Sounding.
Marume ashora mambo
Authors: Murira S. , Madzikuminga C. , Muzengedza Z.
Published: April 2023

Marume ashora mambo. Sound of Africa Series number: TR91-B4
Siti musikana adadeka
Authors: Murira S. , Madzikuminga C. , Muzengedza Z. , Madera S.
Published: April 2023

Siti musikana adadeka. Sound of Africa Series number: TR091-11
Ukucela ingqula (We ask that our voice be heard)
Authors: Ntwanambi Joseph
Published: April 2023

Ukucelâ€™ ingqula is a song for umngqungqo, the womenâ€™s dance at girlâ€™s initiation. As is usual in Xhosa traditional songs, many of the words are exclamations. The pertinent texts are the title: Ukucela ingqula, â€œto ask that our voice be heard,â€ i.e. please listen to us; Hohoyo â€¦ zintombi he: (it is) the girlsâ€¦ Similar texts are sung several times. The lyrics tell us that a girl needs to be initiated, and speaks to her father.
Umngqungqo, yincwadi (Just those two words)
Authors: Ntwanambi Joseph
Published: April 2023

This is a very short recording of just the two words umngqungqo and incwadi, each said several times. The words are umngqungqo, the dance from girlsâ€™ initiation, and incwadi, a letter. The recordings began with a song from umngqungqo and incwadi was the final word of the words on Track 7. One is tempted to let oneâ€™s imagination go to work: Joseph Ntwanambi, the hungry prisoner far from home, may have been thinking of a girl whom he had hoped to marry. She would be available for marriage after her initiation. He had found work, and now he had the oxen he needed for the bride price.

How he must have longed to write to her or to his family about this! Or perhaps he was remembering things that had happened a long time ago. This of course is pure speculation. But his recordings clearly show a deep sense of nostalgia.
Uargueziz
Authors: Ualy El
Published: April 2023

The song Uargueziz reflects the message of many other Saharawi nationalist songs of bravery and fighting. Uargueziz is meant to unite and to reinforce the nationalist struggle of the Saharawis. Through songs such as Uargueziz, performers and local audiences are drawn to the same cultural values and national ideology. Thus, political homogeneity between the PF, music makers and their audience in the camps is the main pillar for Saharawi musical expression. Equally noteworthy, is the role of musicians and poets to serve the RASD in this refugee context. For that reason, Uargueziz reaches out to the three different social structures of communicational reciprocity between the PF, Saharawi musicians and the local audience.
A Bantu suite for piano, xylophone, whistles and voices
Authors: Hirschland Heinz
Published: April 2023

The three main characteristics of Bantu music are its rhythm, its repetitiveness (fascinating, but also jarring to the white ear) and the downward trend of its scales and melodic motives. For a composer, trained in the European idiom, the problem arises of how to bring this type of African music into a plausible shape without losing its most important features.
Variants of system and organ damage in patients with various thrombotic microangiopathy subtypes in obstetric practice
Authors: Balakireva A. I. , Kirsanova T. V. , Krasnova T. N. , Fedorova T. A. , Pyregov A. V.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. All thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) variants in obstetric practice have a diverse clinical presentation and can manifest as various system and organ damage, which often makes it difficult or interfere with the diagnostic assessment, thus slowing down initiation of the necessary therapy.

Aim. To study the clinical presentations of various TMA variants in obstetric practice.

Materials and methods. A total of 313 pregnant women were enrolled in the study, of which atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) was diagnosed in 71 women, “HELLP syndrome” in 124 women, and “PE” with varied severity in 70 women. A group of patients with more rare causes of TMA was also identified: TTP and sepsis in 13 patients, and 35 patients without signs of TMA were included in the control group. We assessed and compared the main clinical, laboratory and instrumental findings.

Results. The study identified damage to various systems and organs in various TMA types in obstetric practice. The damage to kidneys, liver, nervous system, visual organs was observed in patients with aHUS, HELLP syndrome, TTP, septic TMA and PE, while the damage to skin, cardiovascular system and lungs was detected in patients from all groups except for PE. Small and large vessel thrombotic complications were detected in patients from the former three groups. The patients with aHUS showed the maximum multisystemic presentation severity.

Conclusions. The thrombotic microangiopathy in obstetrics is generalized in nature, and various symptoms of organ dysfunction require a multidisciplinary approach to such patients.
Modern method of hormonal contraception – transdermal patch
Authors: Enkova E. V. , Khoperskaya O. V. , Enkova V. V. , Shamarin S. V. , Karpova D. V.
Published: April 2023

The article considers the first transdermal contraceptive patch developed in the 1980s and adapted for use in 2002. The transdermal contraceptive drug contains the progestin norelgestromin and the estrogen ethinyl estradiol. The contraceptive patch is a thin laminated matrix-like system consisting of 4 layers: an outer protective layer of polyester, a layer with drug substances, a permeable membrane and a clear polyester release liner that is removed before patch application. The patch is applied once a week for 3 consecutive weeks (21 days), followed by 1 patch-free week per cycle. Comparative clinical studies have shown that the efficacy and safety of the contraceptive system is comparable to those of combined oral contraceptives, mild to moderate local reactions are uncommon. The overall satisfaction with the transdermal system was 88%, most patients note the convenience and ease of use of the patch, the absence of the need for daily monitoring. The advantage of the transdermal system is that it is free from shortcomings of the oral dosage form: the use of Evra patch has no first-pass effect which occurs when the drug enters the liver and the active substances are not metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract, which increases their bioavailability. The increased sweating during physical activities, as well as humid and hot climate conditions do not affect the patch adhesion. Thus, the transdermal patch is free from the shortcomings that may occur while taking combined oral contraceptives, and is comparable to them in terms of cycle control efficacy, safety and side effects. The transdermal system compliance is high due to the ease of its use.
Regulation of female sexual behavior and possibilities of drug therapy
Authors: Kozlov P. V.
Published: April 2023

Female sexual behavior is under the complex influence of psycho-emotional, neuroendocrine and social factors. The realization of normal sexual activity in women is possible if many conditions are met and, first of all, ensuring a positive psycho-emotional background, safety, a satisfactory state of health, as well as comfortable interpersonal relationships for most women. In addition to significant psychological and social impact, accumulated modern scientific data confirm the important role of neuro-hormonal regulation of sexual behavior and suggest the potential effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. Unfortunately, however, medical strategies for correcting female sexual disorders are limited. Currently, in some countries, several drugs that increase female sexual activity are allowed for use, however, all of them are not registered and are not approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation. The article briefly describes the neural mechanisms of the main areas of the central nervous system underlying receptivity and sexual attraction, namely the olfactory and limbic systems, the neocortex. The main attention is paid to the function of neurotransmitters and hormones that are critically involved in the modulation of emotions and sexual behavior, including the inhibitory mediator of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), estrogens, testosterone, and the excitatory mediator glutamate. The stages of development, the results of experimental and clinical studies to assess the effectiveness and safety of the unique Russian neuropeptide drug Desirex, which is a stimulant of sexual behavior due to the mechanism of reversible suppression of the GABAergic system, nonspecific stimulation of the dopaminergic system of motivation and reinforcement of positive emotions and disinhibition of the controlling function of the neocortex, are presented in detail.