bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stigma, Depression, and Attitudes Towards Seeking Psychological Help Among Nurses: The Role of Personal Stigma as an Inconsistent Mediator
Authors: Özel Erçel Nihan , Altundal Duru Hilal , Temel Gülhan , Yılmaz Mualla , Çolak Cemil
Published: January 2025

Rationale

Identifying whether perceived stigma or personal stigma more significantly affects nurses' attitudes towards seeking psychological help is essential for effectively addressing current challenges and facilitating early intervention for the well‐being of nurses and their patients.

Aims and Objectives

The aim of this study was to explore the mediating roles of personal stigma and depression in the relationship between perceived stigma among nurses and their attitudes towards seeking psychological help.

Methods

The sample of this descriptive cross‐sectional study consisted of 302 nurses working in a university hospital in southern Turkey, selected using the purposive sampling method, between April 1 and May 1, 2021. Data collection tools were Personal Information Form, Attitudes Towards Seeking Psychological Help Scale‐Short Form, Depression Stigma Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Correlation and regression analyzes were used to examine the relationships between attitudes towards seeking psychological help, personal stigma, perceived stigma, and Beck depression levels. Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were employed to compare scale scores across socio‐demographic variables. The mediation models were tested with variables such as perceived stigma, personal stigma, and Beck depression levels as mediators. Results were presented with 95% confidence intervals, and significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

Attitudes towards seeking psychological help were negatively influenced by nurses' stigma levels, especially, by personal stigma levels. Additionally, nurses' attitudes were positively influenced by their unit of work and the presence of a chronic illness, while being male and experiencing higher levels of personal stigma had a negative impact. No significant relationships were found between perceived stigma, personal stigma, and depression levels.

Conclusion

High levels of personal stigma negatively affect attitudes towards seeking psychological help; however, when considered alongside working in oncology and having a chronic illness, the impact of personal stigma becomes positive. Future research should delve deeper into these dynamics to develop targeted strategies for reducing personal stigma and enhancing help‐seeking behaviors among nurses. Interventions are necessary to foster positive help‐seeking attitudes among nurses and reduce stigma. Aligned with the findings of this study, training and awareness initiatives aimed at improving mental health literacy among nurses can play a pivotal role in reducing stigma and encouraging proactive use of mental health resources.
Regional Dependencies and Local Spillovers: Insights From Commuter Flows
Authors: Krause Melanie , Kripfganz Sebastian
Published: January 2025

A region's growth trajectory is influenced by the economic circumstances of other regions in its proximity. While proximity is often understood in a geographic sense, economic connectivity can take many different forms. In particular, shock transmission processes between regions are inherently asymmetric and heterogeneous, which is not captured by geographic proximity measures. As a potential channel for economic dependencies, we consider cross‐regional commuter flows. Commuters, who spend a substantial portion of their income in a different place from where they earn it, connect peripheral regions to economic centers. In an econometric framework, we estimate time‐space dynamic panel models with German county‐level data. Given those estimates, we demonstrate a considerable variation in the spatial distribution of shock responses from using alternative proxies for spatial dependency, which is hidden by the traditional focus on average marginal effects. Local spatial multipliers differ depending on the nature and origin of the shock and the assumed network structure.
Antagonistic Potential of Different Species of Trichoderma Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Fagundes‐Nacarath Inaia Rhavene , Cavalcante Gilcianny Pignata , Brito Renata Aparecida Santos , Costa Paulo Mafra Almeida , Debona Daniel , Maffia Luiz Antonio , Rodrigues Fabrício Ávila
Published: January 2025

The fungus Trichoderma spp., commonly isolated from soil, rhizosphere, and as an endophyte in different plant tissues, displays greater antagonistic potential against different types of pathogens. This study aimed to select isolates of Trichoderma spp. from common bean and soybean fields in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, to evaluate their antagonism against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Forty‐eight isolates of Trichoderma spp. (30 rhizospheric, 11 epiphytic, four endophytic, and three from crop debris) were used in this study. Based on the sequencing of ITS, TEF1‐α, and RPB2 regions, these isolates were classified in eight species of Trichoderma as follows: T. harzianum (29 isolates), T. koningiopsis (five isolates), T. hamatum (four isolates), T. atroviride (four isolates), T. asperelloides (two isolates), T. longibrachiatum (two isolates), T. asperellum (one isolate), and T. neokoningii (one isolate). Eight isolates completely inhibited mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum in the pairing culture test in vitro. Twenty‐four isolates displayed the greatest ability to parasitise sclerotia in soil with efficiency ranging from 79% to 99%. In water‐agar medium, 31 isolates inhibited myceliogenic germination of sclerotia from 78% to 100%, while seven isolates inhibited the carpogenic germination of sclerotia by more than 85%. Eight isolates affected the colonisation of detached leaflets of common bean and soybean plants by hyphae of S. sclerotiorum. The isolates UN34 and IM2 of T. harzianum were the most promising. The isolate UN34 reduced fungal survival and both myceliogenic and carpogenic germinations of sclerotia, while the colonisation of leaflets and stems of common bean and soybean plants by S. sclerotiorum was greatly lower by the IM2 isolate. In conclusion, the isolates of Trichoderma spp. obtained in this study displayed great potential for use for the biocontrol of S. sclerotiorum.
Unveiling coping mechanisms in marketplace discrimination: The allure of artificial intelligence recommendations
Authors: Talebi Arash , Mukherjee Sourjo , Gera Nazia , Kaur Kulwinder , Das Gopal
Published: January 2025

Despite artificial intelligence's (AI) increased efficiency and accuracy in many contexts, algorithm aversion, that is, people's biased preference for human recommendations over those of algorithms, is a well‐documented phenomenon. In this research, we show a reversal of the algorithm aversion phenomenon, referred to as algorithm appreciation, in the prevalent context of marketplace discrimination. Specifically, the current research documents people's increased propensity to rely on AI‐based recommendations over those proposed by human counterparts in the aftermath of marketplace discrimination. Such an increased preference happens because it serves as a coping strategy for consumers who have faced discrimination in the marketplace from other human actors. The results of a series of three lab studies and one field study provide consistent support for the proposed effect and document the underlying psychological mechanism driving this effect through perceived embarrassment. Using a moderated‐mediation model, we identify a boundary condition of the effect by demonstrating that the focal effect, that is, algorithm appreciation, remains valid under public consumption but diminishes under private consumption. Employing the natural setting of the field, we replicate our findings with actual consumers making real choices. Our findings have important implications (e.g., integrating AI‐driven recommendation systems into firms' platforms in sectors susceptible to marketplace discrimination and developing ethical guidelines for AI systems) for managers and companies.
Enhancing Meat Analog Texture Using Wet‐Spun Fibroin Protein Fibers: A Novel Approach to Mimic Whole‐Muscle Meat
Authors: Chuang Rita , Naidu Arin , Galipon Josephine
Published: January 2025

The increasing demand for protein‐rich, plant‐based foods has driven the development of meat analogs that closely mimic the texture and mouthfeel of animal meat. While plant‐based fibrils and electrospun silk fibroin fibers have been explored for texture enhancement and scaffolding in both meat analogs and cell‐based meats, the use of wet‐spun fibroin protein fibers as a food ingredient remains underexplored. This study investigates the potential of wet‐spun recombinant fibroin fibers to enhance the textural properties of meat analogs. Short fibers, with varying tensile strengths and diameters, were incorporated into a commercial ground pork analog to create improved patty samples. The results showed that adding hydrophilic, 30 μm‐diameter, 3‐mm short protein fibers at 1% (w/w) significantly increased the springiness of the pork analog by 45%. Additionally, fiber sheets designed to mimic the endomysium structure of intramuscular connective tissue were integrated into the minced pork analog using a three‐dimensional needle punching technique. This approach successfully recreated the interlacing endomysium structure found in whole‐muscle pork, yielding a texture that closely matched the slice shear force, springiness, and cohesiveness of traditional pork. In conclusion, the incorporation of wet‐spun protein fibers offers a promising strategy to enhance the textural qualities of meat analogs, making them more comparable to animal meat and potentially more appealing to consumers seeking high‐quality plant‐based alternatives.
Textural Analysis of Sea Lamprey Muscle From Guadiana and Mondego Rivers (Portugal) Using the Warner‐Bratzler Shear Method
Authors: Agulheiro‐Santos Ana Cristina , Machado Graça , Eusébio Teresa , Lança Maria João
Published: January 2025

Assessment of sea lamprey texture from the Guadiana and Mondego River basins. Lamprey has served as food for centuries, and nowadays it is highly appreciated, mainly in southern European countries. Therefore, the quality requirements of the lamprey are closely scrutinized by consumers. The texture is commonly referred to as tenderness, and is one crucial sensory attribute valued by consumers. A deep search for scientific publications about texture evaluation of lamprey allows us to conclude that there is no work published. So, a wide review was carried out on methods for evaluating fish texture. This study aims: (i) to assess the texture of specimens caught in two Portuguese rivers, Guadiana, and Mondego and (ii) to validate the Warner‐Bratzler shear method for assessing sea lamprey's texture. Our results on texture of sea lampreys caught in Guadiana and Mondego River basins revealed significant differences in texture parameters, obtained through the Warner Bratzler test. Sea lamprey from Guadiana River basin exhibited lower values of firmness (123.15 N) and energy indicating softer flesh, and lampreys from Mondego River basin displayed higher firmness values (147.37 N), indicating harder flesh. This study confirmed the adequacy of the Warner‐Bratzler shear method for assessing sea lamprey texture due to its sensitivity and accuracy in measuring the texture parameters obtained through force deformation curve. This knowledge will allow future studies to use a consistent method to assess texture. The certification of regional food products increases fishing communities' income and gives consumers greater confidence in the quality of these delicatessen products.
Efficacy and Safety of Silodosin for the Treatment of Female LUTS: A 12‐Week Prospective, Single‐Center Study
Authors: Wee Chung Beum , Kim Tae‐Hyoung , Tae Jong Hyun , Choi Se Young
Published: January 2025

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of silodosin in female patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs), addressing the limited evidence supporting alpha‐blocker use in this population.

Methods

A 12‐week, single‐arm, prospective, open‐label study was conducted from May 2021 to January 2023. Female patients aged over 18 with an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥ 8 were enrolled and treated with silodosin (8 mg once daily). Primary endpoints included changes in IPSS from baseline to 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints assessed IPSS quality of life (QOL), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), maximal urinary flow rate (Q max), and residual urine (RU).

Results

Ninety‐five patients were enrolled, with 85 included in the analysis. After 12 weeks, the mean total IPSS significantly decreased from 18.65 ± 6.89 at baseline to 12.54 ± 5.28 (p < 0.001). IPSS‐QOL improved from 4.14 ± 1.01 to 3.12 ± 0.79 (p < 0.001). OABSS decreased from 6.89 ± 3.41 to 4.28 ± 2.39 (p < 0.001), and RU reduced from 51.39 ± 55.38 to 29.95 ± 29.83 mL (p < 0.001). Q max increased from 13.96 ± 6.74 to 16.48 ± 6.09 mL/s (p < 0.001), while voiding volume increased from 163.02 ± 70.53 to 176.12 ± 47.16 mL (p = 0.026). Silodosin was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events noted.

Conclusions

Silodosin demonstrates efficacy and safety in treating female patients with moderate‐to‐severe LUTS, suggesting that it can be considered a viable treatment option alongside established therapies. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Climate Change Drives Changes in the Size and Composition of Fungal Communities Along the Soil–Seedling Continuum of Schima superba
Authors: Wu Xian , MacKenzie M. Derek , Yang Jiarong , Lan Guoyu , Liu Yu
Published: January 2025

Plant microbiomes have a major influence on forest structure and functions, as well as tree fitness and evolution. However, a comprehensive understanding of variations in fungi along the soil–plant continuum, particularly within tree seedlings, under global warming is lacking. Here, we investigated the dynamics of fungal communities across different compartments (including bulk soil and rhizosphere soil) and plant organs (including the endosphere of roots, stems and leaves) of Schima superba seedlings exposed to experimental warming and drought using AccuITS absolute quantitative sequencing. Our results revealed that warming and drought significantly reduced the number of specific fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in the bulk soil and rhizosphere soil, respectively. Variations in fungal communities were mainly explained by compartments and plant organs, with the composition of endophytic fungal communities within leaves (primarily attributed to species gain or loss) being most influenced by climate change. Moreover, warming significantly reduced the migration of Ascomycota, soil saprotrophs, wood saprotrophs and yeasts from the bulk soil to the rhizosphere soil but increased that of plant pathogens from the roots to the stems. Drought significantly decreased the absolute abundances of Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota and Rozellomycota, as well as the migration of ectomycorrhizal fungi from the bulk soil to the rhizosphere soil but increased that of plant pathogens. Warming could indirectly reduce leaf area by increasing the diversity of leaf pathogens. These findings have potential implications for enhancing the resilience and functioning of natural forest ecosystems under climate change through the manipulation of plant microbiomes, as demonstrated in agroecosystems.
Deceptive air: Unravelling pseudo‐peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients—A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Wipattanakitcharoen Aschariya , Towannang Piyaporn , Lumlertgul Nuttha , Townamchai Natavudh , Kanjanabuch Talerngsak
Published: January 2025

Pneumoperitoneum, or free air in the peritoneal cavity, typically indicates visceral organ perforation requiring urgent surgical intervention. In peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, however, it can occur without prior surgery or trauma, often due to technical errors, and may mimic peritonitis, risking misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. We report a case of a 73‐year‐old male PD patient presenting with fever, abdominal pain, and bowel ileus, initially raising concerns for organ perforation due to pneumoperitoneum. A comprehensive diagnostic workup and history taking, including molecular testing, excluded infections and chemical causes such as icodextrin, drugs, bile, faeces, blood, and malignancy. The cause was traced to improper PD technique, specifically a lapse in the ‘flush‐before‐fill’ method. Conservative management and retraining led to full symptom resolution and disappearance of the free air. This case highlights the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluations to rule out serious causes of pneumoperitoneum in PD patients, emphasizing the role of proper PD technique and patient education in preventing complications. Pneumoperitoneum in PD patients can mimic peritonitis, posing a diagnostic challenge. Comprehensive evaluation and adherence to proper PD practices are essential to avoid unnecessary interventions.
Chronic Kidney Disease Prevalence in India: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis From Community‐Based Representative Evidence Between 2011 to 2023
Authors: Talukdar Rounik , Ajayan Revathy , Gupta Shefali , Biswas Sombuddha , Parveen Muneera , Sadhukhan Debobrata , Sinha Anju Pradhan , Parameswaran Sreejith
Published: January 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence varies widely across different regions of India. We aimed to identify the status of CKD in India, by systematically reviewing the published community‐based studies between the period of January 2011 to December 2023. PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched for peer‐reviewed evidence. Records identified for full‐text screening were imported into the Litmaps literature review tool to identify more relevant studies. Two researchers independently examined and retrieved the data. Quality assessment was conducted using the JBI tool for prevalence studies. A random effects model pooled the estimates. Subgroup analysis, meta‐regression and sensitivity analysis explored heterogeneity sources and estimated robustness. Publication bias was assessed with a DOI plot and LFK index. Among the 7062 records identified, 18 studies were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of CKD from community‐based studies in India was 13.24% (confidence intervals (CI) 10.52 to 16.22, I2 99%, p < 0.001). CKD prevalence among men was 14.80%, while among women it was 13.51%. Southern administrative zone had a pooled CKD prevalence of 14.78%. Pooled CKD prevalence was higher in studies from rural areas (15.34%) compared to those from urban areas (10.65%). Significant heterogeneity was found. Subgroup analyses based on sampling strategy, quality score, publication year, and eGFR estimation equation showed no effect on the pooled prevalence. Prediction Intervals confirmed CKD prevalence in India in future studies will fall between 2.64% and 30.17%. This review indicates a rising trend of CKD (from 11.12% during the period 2011 to 2017, to 16.38% between 2018 to 2023) among Indians aged 15 years and above, over the past years. More future regional research is needed to tailor‐make CKD interventions to detect early and manage well.
Why oaks should stay with their close relatives: growing in a distantly related neighbourhood delays and reorganizes nutrient recycling during litter decomposition
Authors: Santonja Mathieu , Pan Xu , Courty Pierre-Emmanuel , Butenschön Olaf , Berg Matty P. , Murray Phil , Yguel Benjamin , Brulé Daphnée , Zhang Keliang , Prinzing Andreas
Published: January 2025

Closely related species often conserve similar niches despite interacting negatively. We suggest that close relatives may interact positively via ecosystem feedbacks: leaf litter produced or exposed in a closely related neighbourhood (low phylogenetic isolation) may decompose more quickly, leading to more rapid nutrient recycling. We studied decomposition of leaf litter of oaks Quercus petraea across 8 and 14 months, reciprocally transplanting leaf litters between low and high phylogenetic isolation to distinguish between effects mediated by leaf litter quality and by decomposition environment. We found that, by affecting litter quality, phylogenetic isolation reduced decomposition across 14 months (loss of litter mass and C). Moreover, by affecting litter quality and decomposition environment, phylogenetic isolation reduced microbial biomass and extensively altered relationships between C and N losses and abundances/diversities of different soil organisms across 8 and 14 months. Phylogenetic isolation was to a large extant driven by percentage of gymnosperms, explaining the decomposition‐environment mediated effects. Such environment‐mediated effects reflected decreasing soil humidity and pH with phylogenetic isolation, while litter‐quality mediated effects reflected decreasing leaf phytophagy or increasing leaf phenolics. Tree‐species richness, in contrast, did not explain effects of phylogenetic isolation, and had little effect overall. To conclude, coexistence of oaks with distant relatives partly impedes recycling of leaf litter and re‐organizes the trajectories of this recycling. In contrast, oaks coexisting with close relatives may profit from a positive ecosystem feedback through increased nutrient recycling, possibly contributing to the conservation of the oak's niches. We suggest that such a positive ecosystem feedback among close relatives might exist in other late successional tree species.
Single‐Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Developmental Landscape of Wheat Roots
Authors: Du Zhenzhen , Zhang Bin , Weng Han , Gao Li
Published: January 2025

Allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major crops worldwide, however there is very limited research on the transcriptional programmes of underlying cell type specification. Single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) was used to unravel the transcriptome heterogeneity of cells and the composition of cell types in broad‐spectrum organisms. Here, we reported the scRNA‐seq transcriptomes of single cells from root tips of the wheat Chinese spring (CS) cultivar, defined cell‐type‐specific marker genes, and identified most of the major cell types. We further profiled the reconstructed developmental trajectories of the stem cell niche (SCN), proximal meristems and meristems, unveiled gene expression signature of water transportation, divulged cell‐type‐specific asymmetric gene transcription in subgenomes and explored the evolutionary conservation and divergence of wheat cultivar (CS) and rice cultivar (Nip and 93‐11, ZH11) cell types through interspecies comparison. Collectively, this work underscored the transcriptional landscape of wheat cultivar (CS) roots and provided a single‐cell perspective for differentiation trajectory application, unbalanced gene expression pattern and characteristics of cell types between two plant species, contributing to a better understanding of wheat cultivar (CS) root development at unprecedented resolution.
Effect of Brochure and Audio Recordings of Testicular Cancer Stories on Testicular Self‐Examination: Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Ucar Ayse Kılıc , Aykac Irem , Tastan Sevinc
Published: January 2025

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a training program based on educational brochures and audio recordings of testicular cancer (TC) stories on testicular self‐examination (TSE) and health beliefs among university students.

Design

The study had a pretest–posttest, control group experimental design.

Sample

This study was conducted with 106 students in Turkey.

Method

Data were collected using a personal information form, the Health Beliefs Model (HBM) Scale for TC and TSE, and a form for determining TSE and sharing information.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference between the posttest scores obtained by the intervention group, who received the training and the control group on the susceptibility, benefits and health motivation, barriers, self‐efficacy, and health motivation dimensions of the HBM Scale (p < 0.05). The percentage of TSE in the intervention group increased from 14.8% to 90.7% after receiving training on TC and TSE, which was significantly different from the pretest and posttest scores of the control group.

Conclusions

Training using educational brochures and audio recordings of TC stories had a positive effect on TSE and health beliefs. The results suggest that both training methods can be used to increase social awareness of TC.
Timing of Delivery of Low‐Risk Persons and the Risk of Attention‐Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring: Sweden and British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoang Ha , Hossin M. Zakir , Schmauder Stefanie , Muraca Giulia M. , Lisonkova Sarka , Razaz Neda
Published: January 2025

Background

An evidence gap exists concerning the timing of delivery at 37–42 weeks and the risk of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring.

Objective

To determine the association between timing of delivery in low‐risk pregnancies at term (37–42 weeks) gestations and ADHD in offspring.

Methods

This population‐based cohort study comprised 1,424,453 singletons in Sweden and 403,765 in British Columbia (BC), Canada, live‐born at 37–42 completed weeks to low‐risk pregnant women between 2000 and 2018. Children were followed up from age 1 until the date of death, emigration, their first diagnosis, or December 2020 (study's end date). The exposure was time of delivery assessed through gestational age, and the outcome was the diagnosis of ADHD. Cox regression models were used to examine the association between gestational age at delivery and ADHD.

Results

During the follow‐up period, 59,989 children in Sweden were diagnosed with ADHD (4.5 per 1000 child‐years). Correspondingly, in BC, during the same period, there were 27,445 children diagnosed with ADHD (7.4 per 1000 child‐years). In Sweden, the adjusted hazard of ADHD was 10%, 6%, and 3% higher at 37, 38, and 39 weeks gestation compared with those born at ≥ 38, ≥ 39, and ≥ 40 weeks, respectively. In BC, the corresponding hazards were 9%, 6%, and 3%, respectively. Both regions showed no elevated ADHD risks for infants born at 40 weeks compared to those born at ≥ 41 weeks, with slightly lower rates at 40 weeks.

Conclusions

In low‐risk pregnancies, births at 37 and 38 weeks were associated with a higher ADHD risk, while births at 40 weeks showed no increased risk compared with those born at later gestations.
Breaking down barriers: Improving accessibility and inclusivity for people with disabilities in veterinary ophthalmology
Authors: O'Leary Louise
Published: January 2025

Over 25% of people in the United States are affected by physical disabilities, leading to regular interactions between the disabled community and veterinary ophthalmology. However, various barriers hinder individuals with disabilities from accessing care for their pets, working in veterinary clinics, pursuing training as veterinarians and veterinary ophthalmologists, and continuing their careers as disabilities develop. This article explores strategies for the veterinary ophthalmology community to implement positive changes that enhance access and inclusivity within clinics and the profession at practical, institutional, and cultural levels.
Insights into the State of Financial Literacy in Germany: First Results of a Nationwide Survey
Authors: Treu Johannes , Elss Valerie
Published: January 2025

Financial literacy is playing an increasingly important role in today's complex world. Since the beginning of the new millennium, more countries and international organizations have recognized the importance of measuring and educating people about financial literacy, for example, to guide their market behavior. Using the OECD understanding of financial education and with the help of the OECD toolkit for this, the current state of financial literacy was recorded as part of a Germany-wide representative survey. Methodologically, the aim is to use exploratory data analysis to present an initial analysis and evaluation of the primary data collected. This is also linked to an investigation of what kind of connections exist between the various variables, and which factors can explain financial literacy in Germany. The results show that many respondents consider financial literacy to be rather important to very important and rate their own financial literacy as rather good to very good. However, the measurement of financial literacy shows that out of a total of 20 possible points, only an overall average of 10.7 points is achieved. In addition, differences can be found between the age groups, with the score increasing with age. Multiple linear regressions with all subscores and the final score as the dependent variable, and different independent variables, yield highly significant results and explain a moderate to strong amount of variance.
Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy vs conservative pain management for occupational performance in patients with low back pain: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Delasas Gemiele Elaine , Delgado Ninfa Mae , Mojica Isabelle Kezia , Ragasa Stepanie , Dones Valentin , Manlapaz Donald
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) compared with conservative pain management for improving the occupational performance of individuals with low back pain.

Introduction:

Low back pain is a condition that describes pain between the lower edge of ribs and the buttocks. It is projected to affect 843 million people by 2050, with significant economic and occupational consequences. CBT is a growing treatment for chronic pain that aims to change maladaptive thoughts and behaviors. This review will examine the effectiveness of CBT for improving occupational performance.

Inclusion criteria:

The review will focus on the effect of CBT on adults with musculoskeletal low back pain, whether acute, subacute, or chronic. It will analyze randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and quasi-experimental studies to assess CBT’s impact on occupational performance, including activities of daily living, work, and sleep.

Methods:

Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full-text manuscripts from PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, OTSeeker, and ScienceDirect. Unpublished studies and gray literature will also be searched in ClinicalTrials.gov, Google Scholar, World Health Organization, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. A subgroup analysis will explore the effects of CBT on post-treatment outcomes, identifying sources of heterogeneity in its impact on activities of daily living, work, and sleep. Factors such as CBT type, delivery method, participant age, and low back pain chronicity will be considered. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will assess evidence certainty, and a Summary of Findings will be provided.

Registration number:

PROSPERO CRD42023472522
The literature exploring the perspectives and experiences of racialized students in entry-level health professional education programs: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Arulchelvam Sarah , Rana Manshi , Jexy Joshua John , Kugathasan Siyani , Sohal Sukham , Ye Jocelyn , Young Nicholas , Dhir Jasdeep
Published: January 2025

Objective:

The objective of this scoping review will be to determine the breadth of literature exploring the perspectives and experiences of racialized students in entry-level health professional education programs.

Introduction:

Despite the implementation of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) policies and alternative admission criteria for minority students, racialized minorities continue to be underrepresented and have the highest attrition rate in health professional education programs. Furthermore, the students who eventually work in health care settings report experiences of microaggression and prejudice. By not exploring the experiences of racialized students in health professional programs, EDI policies and curricula risk becoming irrelevant or performative.

Inclusion criteria:

Studies exploring the perspectives and experiences of racism and discrimination, or related concepts, among non-dominant ethno-racial (eg, Indigenous, Black, South Asian, Asian, Hispanic, Pacific Islander), entry-level health professional students will be included. Experimental study designs as well as observational and qualitative studies will also be included.

Methods:

The review will be conducted in line with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Five databases will be searched, namely, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), ERIC, and Global Health (Ovid), with no limitations on language or year. A gray literature search of relevant websites will also be conducted. Two reviewers will independently screen articles against the inclusion criteria and extract and summarize data. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or with a third reviewer.

Review registration:

Details of this review project can be found in Open Science Framework https://osf.io/4bhg6
Short-Term Changes of Anxiety in Adolescent Female Athletes
Authors: Young Julie A. , Quatman-Yates Catherine C. , Mohr Drew , Butz Catherine , Allison Katherine E. , Onate James A. , Valasek Amy E.
Published: January 2025

Anxiety is common in adolescents but short-term changes in anxiety have not been studied. The purpose of this observational study was to describe how anxiety changes in high school female athletes over 16 weeks. Participants completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) every other week. We categorized participants as elevated if their GAD-7 score was >9 and a score change of ≥4 classified those with clinically meaningful anxiety change. Of the 28 participants, 30% reported elevated GAD-7 scores at least once and 80% reported anxiety changes ≥4. Athletic trainers are poised to monitor anxiety and can promote optimal mental health by referring those with elevated GAD-7 scores for timely intervention.
Examining the Contradictions Between the Theory and Practice of Physical Literacy Assessment: Toward a New Assessment Framework
Authors: Fang Xinyuan , Zhang Zhen
Published: January 2025

Purpose: With the development of physical literacy assessment tools such as Passport for Life and Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth, physical literacy assessment has become a hot topic in current academic research, and its assessment determines whether or not it can be put into practice, as well as leading the way in the design and implementation of pedagogical methods. Therefore, reviewing and analyzing currently available physical literacy assessment tools is valuable. Method: Based on the above, two scientific questions arise: (a) What exactly does the current physical literacy assessment tools measure, and does this contradict the original intent of physical literacy? (b) Does the current physical literacy assessment tool contradict the philosophical foundations? We reviewed physical literacy assessment tools and used a systematic review to search the Web of Science core collection. Results: (a) The results of physical literacy assessment tools are contradictory to their original purpose and cannot truly reflect the level of physical literacy. (b) Physical literacy assessment tools are contradictory to their philosophical foundations. Discussion/Conclusion: To solve these two problems, this paper draws on Wiggins’ “authentic assessment” paradigm. It proposes a new physical literacy assessment framework utilizing the Sports Game Plus Scale, which provides a reference for developing future physical literacy assessment tools.
Judgment of Learning in a Motor Task
Authors: Chatzipanteli Athanasia , Zafeiroudi Aglaia , Fotiadis Alexandros , Krommidas Charalampos
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study examined the judgments of learning in a motor task. Methods: Participants were 54 students, 33 fifth graders and 21 sixth graders. Students had to perform two trials in volleyball serve, one after the volleyball unit was complete and the second 10 days later. Before each trial, they had to estimate their score according to the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance test. Results: Statistical analysis showed that the majority of students overestimated their abilities. More specifically, fifth graders’ immediate judgments were more accurate than delayed ones, as they were more overconfident in the second trial. On the other hand, delayed judgments were more accurate in sixth graders, as they were more overconfident than fifth graders in the first trial. It should be noted, finally, that all students had better scores in their actual performances in the second trial. Conclusions: Physical educators and coaches could use judgments of learning to boost students’ ability to assess themselves more accurately and improve learning.
Moving Beyond the Pandemic: Lessons Learned in Physical Education and How to Move Forward
Authors: Centeio Erin E. , Mercier Kevin , Barcelona Jeanne , Erwin Heather , Marttinen Risto , Foley John , Garn Alex
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Research has explored online physical education (PE) throughout the pandemic and has started to identify its lasting results. This study investigated how teachers implemented PE a year into the COVID-19 pandemic and explored what challenges remained or were overcome from the onset of the pandemic. Method: Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, PE teachers (N = 607) completed an online survey about teaching PE during the pandemic. PE teachers (N = 20) were purposefully sampled and participated in follow-up interviews. Results: Quantitative data indicated that teachers rated themselves less effective as the pandemic continued. Despite this decline, teachers reported teaching to the standards with significant differences across grade levels. Qualitative findings provide context relating to four themes. Conclusions: Effective online PE requires pre- and in-service professional development on integrating technology, enhancing traditional teaching skills, and developing effective assessment strategies. The study highlights how PE instruction must adapt in an evolving digital world.
Psychometric Properties of the Basketball Throw Test as a Health-Related Field-Based Measure of Muscular Strength for Use With Adolescents in School Settings
Authors: Belhaidas Mohammed B. , Tahar Tahar , Yan Jin , Atallah Ahmed , O’Keeffe Brendan T. , Eather Narelle
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study evaluated the objectivity, test/retest reliability, and validity of the Basketball Throw Test (BTT) test administered in the school setting by physical education teachers for assessing the upper-body muscular strength in adolescents and its relationship with body mass index. Method: Four hundred and seventy Algerian adolescents (223 males and 247 females; mean age = 14.71 ± 1.95 years) performed the BTT on two occasions and the handgrip test (criterion). Convergent reliability was estimated using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) and graphically examined following the Bland–Altman approach. Pearson correlation coefficient employed to determine validity. Results: The BTT demonstrated excellent objectivity ICC2,1 = .963 (95% confidence interval [.948, .973]) and test–retest reliability ICC2,1 with values from .994 to .997 (95% confidence interval [.992, .997]). The Bland–Altman plot confirmed reliability results. The BTT was positively correlated with handgrip test (r = .75, p < .001). Conclusion: The BTT is an objective, valid, and reliable measure of adolescents’ upper-body muscular strength
Report of two severe cases of Japanese encephalitis virus in travelers returning to France, 2023-2024: clinical, diagnostic, and public health implications
Authors: Ayhan Nazli , Pezzi Laura , Do Rego Hermann , Thy Michael , Devatine Sandra , Melica Giovanna , Gautier Matthieu , Klitting Raphaelle , Brichler Ségolène , Durand Guillaume André , de Lamballerie Xavier , Grard Gilda
Published: January 2025

Background

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen responsible for Japanese encephalitis (JE) clinical cases in Asia and the Western Pacific. Non-JE-vaccinated patients can develop potentially life-threatening neurologic forms.

Case Summary

Here, we present two severe, non-fatal JEV cases in returning travelers from Cambodia (Case 1) and Cambodia and Vietnam (Case 2), imported to France in 2023–2024. Neither patient was vaccinated, and both presented neurologic symptoms requiring hospitalization. Cases were confirmed by RT-qPCR, IgM, and IgG rise and seroneutralization. Interestingly, this is the second report to describe the detection of the JEV genome in urine by RT-qPCR.

Conclusion

This study highlights the critical importance of JE vaccination and the implementation of other personal protective measures to avoid mosquito bites when traveling to a JEV-endemic region.
Supplemental Material: Evidence for nonlocal sediment transport on hillslopes from fault scarp morphology
Authors: Gray Harrison J. , al. et
Published: January 2025

Extended methods and data compilation sources. 
PulmonaryAspergillusoverlap syndrome in a patient with bronchial asthma
Authors: Kunhi Veetil Sanila , Patro Mahismita , Gothi Dipti , Pal Ramesh S
Published: January 2025

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a disease of immunocompetent patients, and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is seen in immunocompromised patients. Hence, pulmonaryAspergillusoverlap syndrome presenting with ABPA and invasive aspergillosis is extremely rare. We report a case of well-controlled bronchial asthma who presented with acute exacerbation and hypoxaemic respiratory failure. The chest imaging showed bilateral patchy consolidation. Sputum culture revealedPseudomonas aeruginosa. Video bronchoscopy showed dense greyish-white membranes studded all over the tracheobronchial tree. On further evaluation and bronchoscopic biopsy, she was diagnosed with an overlap of ABPA and invasive pseudomembranousAspergillustracheobronchitis with a secondaryP. aeruginosainfection. She responded well to antifungal therapy, resulting in good clinico-radiological resolution, but developed some residual lung damage. Ours is the first report on pseudomembranousAspergillustracheobronchitis (a form of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis) with ABPA overlap, although ABPA has been reported with other forms of invasive aspergillosis.
Surgical parathyroidectomy in pregnancy for severe secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with end-stage kidney disease
Authors: Ng Chau Wang , Champion de Crespigny Paul J , Price Sarah AL
Published: January 2025

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is common in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on kidney replacement therapy, which leads to abnormalities of bone and mineral metabolism. Patients conceiving on kidney replacement therapy add a further layer of complexity to the management of their SHPT. Existing literature in cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has linked untreated hyperparathyroidism to increased maternal and fetal morbidity, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, fetal growth restriction and neonatal hypocalcaemia. The pharmacotherapies used for SHPT lack the safety data in pregnancy and may not adequately control severe disease. Existing literature on surgical parathyroidectomy in pregnancy is limited to the cases of PHPT. We present a case of a multigravida woman with ESKD on haemodialysis, who conceived with severe pre-existing SHPT. We describe the success of surgical parathyroidectomy in pregnancy to treat her SHPT despite the limited evidence supporting this treatment.
Delayed diagnosis of multiple myeloma in a young patient: a call for vigilance in diagnosis
Authors: Patel Jigar , Degann Seta , Ahmad Mohammad , Lesky Linda
Published: January 2025

Multiple myeloma is a rare haematologic malignancy, representing about 1–2% of all cancers and 17% of haematologic malignancies in the US, predominantly affecting older adults and more common in African Americans (AAs) and men. Light-chain multiple myeloma, a subtype accounting for 15% of multiple myeloma cases, often has a more aggressive clinical course. This case report discusses a rare case of an AA female in her early 30s, diagnosed with light-chain multiple myeloma following a pathological rib fracture. Initial symptoms were atypical, and diagnosis was delayed due to her young age and lack of common multiple myeloma signs, such as anaemia and hypercalcaemia. Treatment included induction chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant, leading to complete remission. This case underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion and thorough investigation in young patients presenting with unexplained bone lesions, highlighting the diverse presentations and challenges in diagnosing multiple myeloma in younger populations.
Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of patients with post-stroke spasticity in Thailand: cost-utility and budget impact analysis
Authors: Hadnorntun Phorntida , Prawjaeng Juthamas , Kongmalai Tanawan , Tanvijit Phakamas , Chueluecha Chuenchom , Jintakul Nawarat , Saringcarinkul Tipyarat , Srinonprasert Varalak , Kumthornthip Witsanu , Leelahavarong Pattara
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To evaluate the cost-utility of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) for treating upper limb (UL) and lower limb (LL) post-stroke spasticity.

Design

Using a Markov model, adopting a societal perspective and a lifetime horizon with a 3% annual discount rate, the cost-utility analysis was conducted to compare BoNT-A combined with standard of care (SoC) with SoC alone. Costs, utilities, transitional probabilities and treatment efficacy were derived from 5-year retrospective data from tertiary hospitals and meta-analysis. Uncertainty analyses were performed.

Setting

Tertiary hospitals in Thailand.

Participants

Cohort of post-stroke patients aged 55 years with UL or LL spasticity and a Modified Ashworth Scale score ≥1+.

Interventions

BoNT-A (abobotulinumtoxinA: aboBoNT-A, onabotulinumtoxinA: onaBoNT-A or prabotulinumtoxinA: praBoNT-A) combined with SoC versus SoC alone.

Primary outcome measures

Expected life years, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), costs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), considering a cost-effectiveness threshold of 160 000 THB (US$4468) per QALY gained.

Results

The combination of aboBoNT-A and SoC yielded the highest QALYs gained (0.013 for UL and 0.11 for LL), followed by onaBoNT-A and SoC and praBoNT-A and SoC. The additional costs for treating UL and LL cases were highest for onaBoNT-A US$75 and US$95, respectively, followed by aboBoNT-A and praBoNT-A. ICER values for treating UL with aboBoNT-A, onaBoNT-A and praBoNT-A ranged from US$4669 to US$7541 per QALY. For LL treatments, aboBoNT-A and onaBoNT-A had ICER values ranging from US$7072 to US$15 182 per QALY. Integrating BoNT-A treatment delivery into the healthcare system would require a budget outlay of approximately US$413 246–US$966 103 that may vary annually by an additional US$50 260–US$335 064.

Conclusion

BoNT-A effectively reduces focal spasticity and improves quality of life in post-stroke patients. However, its cost-effectiveness in Thailand necessitates price negotiations as a condition for inclusion in the pharmaceutical reimbursement list.