bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About the Evidentiary Value of Video Recordings of Investigative Actions
Authors: Glushkov M R
Published: December 2019

Carrier of a video, made in the course of investigative actions, is an application to the report and, as a result, the video is devoid of evidentiary value. It also can’t be considered as evidence on grounds other document. The same applies to other means of fixing of a course and results of investigative actions, photographing, mapping, etc. Assuming this situation as abnormal, the author offers to reform the crimi- nal procedure law. It maybe bring about some potential practical difficulty. So, the procedural status of the applications to the report is unclear (or rather, unusual). Especially it concern to the electronic carriers of information, in particular contains large amounts of such information. The consequence of the proposed procedural novels, it would seem, will be the fact that all of this information immediately acquire the status of evidence. But it is not always justified. The article proposes to consider the situation by analogy with seizures of documents.
THe Question on Excitation of Criminal Cases Against Judges
Authors: Romanenko N V
Published: December 2019

The subject of research are the legal provisions governing the institution of criminal proceedings against a judge or bringing him in as a defendant, as well as their practical implementation. In the study we used systematic methods of analysis, generalization of legislation, research papers, statistical, sampling method. Analysis of the practice revealed a number of problems in the application of complicated procedure brought against a judge of the criminal case (bringing him in as a defendant), in which the excitation of proce- dure of the criminal case against a judge needs a major adjustment in the way of closer relationship guarding the status of a judge of the constitutional norms and the criminal procedural rules guaranteeing protection of the rights of victims of crimes committed by them.
Discussion on the Concept, Features, Properties Public Prosecutor’s Response
Authors: Ergashev E R
Published: December 2019

The article investigates the legal nature of acts of prosecutorial response to the identified violations of the law, their concept, characteristics and properties.
Problems of Legal Policy in the Sphere of Business
Authors: Bochkarev S V
Published: December 2019

For at least the last decade, the country’s authorities have paid particular attention to the creation of a comfortable business environment in the Russian Federation. A lot has been done on the way to a good goal. The changes have affected many branches of the law. At the same time, a number of problems on the way to creating a comfortable business environment remain relevant and acute. In particular, the validity of the findings of the Commissioner for the Rights of Entrepreneurs in Russia and the specialists of the Center for Strategic Research - the main moderators of the topic of pressure from law enforcement agencies on business - is questionable.The author analyzes the causes and root causes of the pressure of law enforcement agencies on business.It is recommended to develop and introduce into the criminal procedure a special procedure for consideration at the pre-trial stage of the issue of the possibility of transferring a criminal case in the sphere of business relations to the civil law plane.
Development of the Russian Constitution and Political Alternatives in Early 1992
Authors: Jilkin A D
Published: December 2019

Working out of the Constitution of Russia in early 1990s was held at the time of dramatic events in our country. Among them the crash of USSR, GKChP action, the conflict between the president and the parliament, contradictions between the central and regional authorities and radical liberal economic reforms. The start of those reforms in early 1992 and attendant conflicts between different political actors made the great influence on the process of working out of the Basic Law of the country and even drove it.The author use institutional set-up in its historical version. The article presents an analysis or alternative constitutional projects written in early 1992 by those who reckoned themselves among supporters of democratic reforms. The author reviews and compares not only key issues of submitted texts, but tries to discern purposes and objectives of the political actors supported each of them. The analysis of researching projects let come to conclusion that even at that time Yeltsin team intended to adopt Basic Law in the version that could empower the president to act without references to the parliament.In general researching alternatives seems to be promising trend which is important for both: understanding of the political discussion content and process in the early 1990s and ways of evolution of the Russian Constitution and state in future.
On Some Approaches to Assessing the Effectiveness of the Staff Reserve
Authors: Nalimov R Yu
Published: December 2019

The article describes the main approaches to determination of personnel reserve effectiveness of the state civil service of the RF. Special attention is paid to the model of balanced scorecard that has practical application for evaluating the effectiveness of personnel reserve.
Legal Mode of the Seal of Confession. Correlation of Secular and Canon Law
Authors: Shibaev D V
Published: December 2019

The scope of regulation of social relations associated with both secular and canon law are of great interest for the researchers. In particular, they are related to the constitutional presumption of separation of church and state. At the same time, there is the tendency of more convergence of the church with the state in matters concerning property, correlation of church and secular education, etc. Implementing the mode of limited information access, the subjects of which are the clergy, is also a sphere of common interest for the state and the church. The use of the comparative - legal research methods, methods of analysis and synthesis of the situation have made it possible to relate the norms of canon and secular law, and identify elements of their relations. The main purpose of the paper is the comprehensive research of the seal of the confessional, its conceptual apparatus, regulation, judicial practice, forms and types of responsibility for its violation. This paper examines the historical aspects of the formation of the seal of confession, starting with the Spiritual Regulations and up to modern ecclesiastical and secular norms. It indicates the specifics of the Spiritual Regulations, which excluded the absolute inviolability of the seal of the confessional, provided the information is related to the security of higher officials. The paper also deals with the legal framework of the seal of the confessional, being a professional religious mystery as well as the legal mode and a form of the information limited in access. With reference to the Basics of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church the requirements for a priest how to qualify the information told by his parishioner. The article contains some features of the seal of the confession practice abroad, particularly in Germany and the USA. Occasionally, US law provides for the circumstances where the communication of the clergy and their parishioners should remain confidential. There is, however, the requirement compelling the priest to report where protection of children is involved. The jurisprudence support the rules regulating the seal of confession. Three relevant cases have been studied by the authors and they highlight the separation of secular and religious laws.
«Eurasia» in the Political Discourse in Russia, China and the US: a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Weijing D
Published: December 2019

This article compares the use of «Eurasia» in the realms of diplomacy and academia in Russia, China and the US. We pay additional attention to initiatives on regional integration in the Eurasian region. Clarification of this important term is of significance for the mutual understanding of the participants under cooperation in Eurasia and the development of Eurasian integration processes. Keywords: Eurasia, post-soviet space, Russia, China, USA, eurasian integration.
On the Issue of Inadmissibility of Infringing the Right to a Fair Trial of Criminal Cases under the Guise of Protecting State Sovereignty
Authors: Timoshenko A A
Published: December 2019

The author examines the issue of the prospects for the direct application of human rights standards in the regulation of criminal procedural activity. In this regard, the key attention is paid to the provisions of art. 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, as well as art. 6 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the right to a fair trial of criminal cases. It is assumed that only a fair and impartial court is able to ensure the progressive development of society, its stability and security of citizens. Based on the analysis of the main possible ways of further development of the criminal procedural legislation, one of which is related to the increase of formal requirements for criminal procedural activity, and the other - with increased attention to the natural-legal principles of the application of the law, preference is given to the second approach. Based on the analysis of the monuments of world jurisprudence, the study of the history of the formation of international human rights law, it is concluded that it is impossible to overcome the progressive movement towards the triumph of the humanitarian status of the person recognized by the international community. In this regard, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, assessing the correctness of the European Court of Human Rights interpretation of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, should be guided by world standards. In addition, there is a need for widespread respect for the need to respect the right to a fair trial.
The Role of Organized Crime in Financing of Terrorism and Extremism
Authors: Naumov Yu G , Latov Yu V
Published: December 2019

In the modern world there is an active financial interaction of organized crime and terrorism (extremism). In some cases, transnational criminal organizations specializing in common crimes are becoming sponsors of terrorist and extremist organizations. More often, however, transnational terrorist and extremist organizations in search of income begin to actively participate in transnational criminal activities of a common criminal nature (drug trafficking, illegal money transfer). The article outlines the main regularities of the intertwining of criminal crafts and terrorist (extremist) activities, connected mainly with the ideas of radical Islam (Islamism). Specific examples of the activities of Russian law enforcement agencies in suppressing the financing of terrorism in the 2010s are given. It is concluded that in the coming years, Russia will be bringing closer and intertwining such institutions as Islamist terrorism, legal and illegal migration from Central Asia, smuggling of drug trafficking and criminal financial transactions (hawala).
Ideological Clichés and Myths as an Instrument of the U.S. Foreign Policy
Authors: Yakunin V I
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the analysis of the myths and ideological clichés as the fundamental elements of U.S. foreign policy. The author emphasizes the necessity to study the discourses formed by political elites around the main problems and directions of the state’s foreign policy. At the same time, in the article an attempt is made to integrate the achievements of Western and Russian political science related to ideological clichés and myths. Particular attention is paid to the role of myths and ideological clichés in the legitimization of the government’s foreign policy actions in the eyes of the electorate. The author shows the history of the formation of the basic myths and clichés of the U.S. foreign policy, their implementation during and after the Cold War. The article contains a detailed analysis of the concept of American exclusivity as well as the foreign policy guidelines that follow from it. In conclusion, the author shows how the world has adopted to such an approach for conducting foreign policy by the hegemonic state and what methods it uses to counteract it.
City Duma in the System of Local Government of the Russian Empire
Authors: Shcherbakov S V , Artemov G A
Published: December 2019

The article considers the order of formation, powers and operation of the City Duma in the system of local governments.
Monetary Surrogates:the Looking Glass of Modern Regulation
Authors: Pechegin D A
Published: December 2019

«Current legislation of the Russian Federation establishes a variety of currency restrictions, which are a set of rules established by the state, designed to protect the national currency to affect the behavior of participants in foreign exchange transactions by imposing prohibitions or additional encumbrances on certain foreign exchange transactions». One of the such rules is the provision of art. 27 Federal Law No. 86-FZ of 10.07.2002 «On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (the Bank of Russia)», according to which the introduction in the territory of the Russian Federation of other monetary units and the issuance of monetary surrogates are prohibited. Meanwhile, the current legislation does not establish any liability for the issuance of cash surrogates. Moreover, new technologies are increasingly being introduced into our lives and are constantly inf luencing the legal environment in which we are currently surrounded. Much attention today is focused on the topic of cryptocurrency and the use of blockchain technology in the public and private sectors. Currently, both professional and non- professional participants are increasingly discussing various aspects of the use of cryptocurrencies in a particular state. The article analyzes urgent issues of the circulation of money substitutes, identifies the prospects of establishing criminal responsibility for the issue and circulation of money substitutes, etc.
Review of the Textbook Karateev A.Yu., Chetyrina N. A.«Collection of Documents on the History of Modern Times» (M., 2017)
Authors: Golubev S I
Published: December 2019

This article is a review of the collection of documents on Modern History prepared by Karateev A.Yu., Chetyrina N. A. for students of political science majors. The article notes the significance of this textbook for educational process, analyses the principles of document’s selection and their thematic scope, underlines the importance of presented reference apparatus and comments. The article makes the conclusion about the desirability of further work on specialized textbooks for students of political science devoted to other historical periods.
Technological Singularity as a Point of No Return: Back to the Future? (Philosophical Legal View)
Authors: Popova A V , Abramova M G
Published: December 2019

The authors offer their views on the processes of establishing and developing worldwide digital technologies of intruding in human civilization. The world is now witnessing the creation of a wide range of cyber-physical systems, different types of robots, artificial intellects, robot-engineering units, intellectual and brain systems. Because of this, there is an imperative need to resolve all the different philosophical, legal, political and moral problems that have come to the surface.We may ask: how can these new types of intellects, these so-called «post-humans» interact with Homo sapiens? Do they have a conscience, and are they, in this case, subjects of law? By the actions of humanoids, androids, hynoids, different types of industrial and social robots, is it possible to speak about their empathy, responsibility for what they do from the point of view of moral dogmas and norms of law?It is noteworthy that the current development of brain-computer interface based on direct contact between human and computer consciousness will have an impact on changing the concepts of democracy, rights and freedoms, equality, justice and religious convictions.The article offers a brief analysis of the philosophy of trans-humanism. Having reached the point of technological singularity from which it will no longer be possible to return to the past. Therefore, technological singularity is that critical point for mankind which can lead to self-liquidation. The only possible way to exclude such a pessimistic future for the whole of mankind is to pool the efforts of the community, by upgrading the role of collective start- ups, common interests and social interests as a special universal boon.Only by coordinating and harmonizing public, collective interests, the interests of Man and Nature, will it be possible to begin elaborating general norms for helping us to regulate new public relationships with this technological element.
Reception of Social Legal PrinciplesState Law-Making Institutions
Authors: Garashko A Yu
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this article is to analyze the feasibility and the basic mechanisms of borrowing of the individual benefits of the standards of conduct, the current in society (public legal principles), the activities of state authorities. The author comes to the following conclusion: reception of the socio-legal basis of state institutions capable of providing public support for the implementation of state standards; positive impact on the rule of law and the lawmaking process; to determine the restoration of the unity of law as a system that combines public and state foundations; seamlessly integrate the benefits of state and public began legal regulation. The methodology used in the preparation of this study presented a systematic, functional methods of learning; methods of induction, comparison and analysis. In addition, the author relied on the General dialectic method of cognition. Applications received by the author’s findings and conclusions are the theory of state and law, jurisprudence, philosophy of law, constitutional law.
Features of the Legalization of Judicial Practice in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kulik O V
Published: December 2019

The article reveals the specificity of court practice as a special kind of legal practice and determines its importance for the development of legal systems and law in general. The inf luence of court practice on lawmaking in various legal systems, including the Russian one, and the implementation of court practice in the relevant sources ( forms) of law (legal practice legalization), is analyzed. Based on the analysis, the author draws conclusions about the features and forms of legalization of court practice. Also the powers of judicial and other state bodies thatdetermine their role for the legalization of court practice are examined, on the example of the Russian Federation.
Fair Judgment as a Method of Countering the Color Revolutions
Authors: Tymoshenko A A
Published: December 2019

In the article, based on an analysis of the mechanisms of committing «soft coups» or color revolutions, their main reason is revealed - the artificial intensification of the atmosphere of intolerance and hysteria in society. Under these conditions, the only way to avoid escalation of tensions is to build a truly fair court system. In particular, this statement is true for the organization of criminal proceedings, since it is when identifying, investigating and resolving them that reveal the most intimate thing that a person has - his life, health, personal integrity, the need for normal socialization and economic well-being.The author analyzed the key conditions for creating in the eyes of the public the authority that judges need to assess them as a center for making decisions necessary for society.Only legal methods can achieve the creation of a welfare state.
Problems of Using Special Knowledge in Criminal Proceedings and Ways to Solve Them
Authors: Antonov O Yu
Published: December 2019

In article actual problems of using of the conclusions and evidence of specialist parties and the court, appointment of judicial examination before initiation of criminal case, including problems realization of related innovations of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation; the proposals on improvement of legislation, law enforcement practice.
Collective and Multi-Subject Dominance in the Market: Problems of Legislation and Law Enforcement
Authors: Bashlakov-Nikolaev I V
Published: December 2019

The article explores the concept of collective dominance, discusses the theory and practice of recognizing collective dominant position in the commodity market and abuse of collective dominant position in the commodity market, as well as the differences between collective dominance and agreements, coordinated actions restricting competition. The analysis of the doctrinal understanding of collective domination is carried out, the most significant judicial positions on issues of abuse of collective dominant position are summarized and studied. Conclusions and theoretical statements that can be used to improve legal regulation are formulated.
Representation of Expert Knowledge in the Legal Field and the Problem of Legitimacy of Legal Decisions
Authors: Maslovskaya E V
Published: December 2019

The article demonstrates the possibilities and limitations of different theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of interaction of forensic experts and jurists. The author substantiates the relevance of combining the concept of «working group» and Bourdieu’s theory of juridical field for problematizing the legitimacy of legal decisions in the context of representation of expert knowledge in legal proceedings. This approach allows us not only to analyze the process of circulation of expert knowledge but also to take into account the structural context of interaction of forensic experts and jurists revealing the interests, strategies and tactics of various actors. The article emphasizes the need for conducting empirical sociological research focused on entanglement of dispositions of actors and their positions in social space. The author’s approach allows to reveal the strategies of using expert knowledge for legitimization of legal decisions. Interviews with participants in legal proceedings confirm that pre- judicial «working groups» are characteristic for the system of criminal justice in Russia. The persistence of relations between participants of a pre-judicial «working group» is defined by institutional interdependence of organizations which they represent and by informal relations. The differences between «working groups» are based on such factors as the scale of urban space and the degree of diversification of the market of expert services.
Legitimizing Force of Great Narratives in the XXI century
Authors: Samokhina E G
Published: December 2019

This article is devoted to the study of the concept of «great narratives» and their implications for legal philosophy and legal science in the 21st century. The author analyzes the concept of great narratives and the concomitant ideas of unity and totality, given by J.-F. Lyotard, and compares them with similar ideas put forward by other philosophers, in particular, Ch. Perelman. The author also makes an attempt to investigate the argumentation system proposed by J.-F. Lyotard in return for the use of great narratives and evaluate this system in connection with its application in legal science. Noting the problematic approach of Lyotard, within the framework of which, when we refuse the «terror» of great narratives, we find ourselves in a situation where there are no criteria and norms for making decisions, the author of this work acknowledges the contribution of this approach to the development of legal argumentation. This system rests on the important premise that homogeneity and integrity of society is a (dangerous) illusion, which should be eliminated, and in return it is necessary to recognize the right of different groups within society and even separate individuals to be different and to create their own narratives of justice. Of course, this approach is complex and full of contradictions, and the thoughtless introduction of proposals made by J.-F. Lyotard in the legal practice in its original form would be an unjustified step leading to arbitrariness and disorder. However, it seems that some of the provisions of his theory ( for example, the uniqueness of each dispute, the need for argumentation, etc.) could be used in making legal decisions, like the main premises of his theory.
Legitimacy of Law in the Context of Competition of Identities and Multiculturalism
Authors: Isaeva N V
Published: December 2019

The article analyses the factors and preconditions that complicate the law legitimation processesin the context of global migration and the modern states’ multiculturalism policies based on the statist- paternalistic approach, which gives rise to social parasitism and conf licts, as well as to the identities competition, particularly the one of the religious-ethnical and legal identities. The legal identity differs from the religious one in the fact that the former is oriented to the legal system and society as a whole, and the latter - to a part of the society, which may give rise to a social conf lict and confrontation of different communities and the whole society. In order to overcome this kind of competition, the author substantiates the necessity of methodology and practices based on the recognition of a person’s ability to develop and assimilate the values and senses inherent to the law, to use them for self-understanding, personal fulf illment and achieving his o her legal identity - that is, the legal characteristic which excludes the criminal misbehavior as a factor infringing upon a person’s integrity and self hood, and, at the same time, a factor which provides the legal order stability and legitimacy of the law.
Legitimation in the Context of the Mechanism of Self-Regulation of Law(for Example, the Law of Public Status of a Citizen)
Authors: Krupenya E M
Published: December 2019

In the article the phenomenon of legitimization is investigated in the context of the law self-regulation mechanism. According to the author, he is the first and basic level of the social and psychological mechanism of the law, ensuring its effective functioning in the society (reality). The methodological basis of such ref lection is chosen by the type of doctrinal worldview (legal understanding), which interprets it as a regulatory complex with a complex ontological structure: normative and psychological-value. For such a regulatory complex as the right through is the subject of the subject, and the unique subjective reality of the person, its structures, their states.This approach in the analysis of the phenomenon of legitimization law-the process of giving the right of its strength, the establishment of its authority and prestige through recognition, which is the reason for the legitimacy of the law, causes it to life, determines, produces this ontological the property allows, first, the problematize of the subject itself and the interaction of the subjects in the process of the right; secondly, take into account in the analysis that legitimation manifests itself in mass practices of legitimate behavior of the subjects, the motivational sphere of which includes the metaphysical-value bases of the right; third, to analyze the modern interpretations of the legal consciousness in the structures of which the image of the actor is formed, exposing the criticism established in the scientific discourse opinion about the «purity» rational in the structure of the consciousness and its isolation from others. Elements of the psyche, in particular from the unconscious components (on the example of suggestion). The theoretical aspects of the topic of legitimation in the context of the self-regulation mechanism of the law acquire heuristic appeal, due to the access to the material of public law branches and research of social-legal phenomenon status public law in the national legal system.
Cross-Sectoral Nature of the Category «Damage» and Actual Problems of Interrelation of Civil, Criminal, Criminal Procedural, Arbitration and Budgetary Legislation of the RF
Authors: Kudratov M , Pechegin D A , Trefilov A A
Published: December 2019

The legal field frames social relations that arise and develop in modern society and the state. These or other legal relations are regulated, as a rule, by a specific branch of legislation, for example, budgetary, criminal, criminal procedural, arbitration, etc. Operating sometimes with the same legal categories, nevertheless, each of the branches of legislation can invest in the corresponding concept their especially, to introduce elements inherent only in this industry. This can easily be traced to an example of such a thing as currency. According to Part 2 of Art. 1 of the Federal Law of 10.12.2003 No. 173-FZ «On currency regulation and currency control» the institutions, concepts and terms of civil and administrative legislation of the Russian Federation and other branches of the legislation of the Russian Federation used in this federal law are applied in the sense in which they are used in these branches of the legislation of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise provided by this federal law. In other words, the concept of «currency» can have different meanings and, accordingly, will be treated differently within the framework of a specific branch of legislation.Meanwhile, such an approach can not be considered legitimate insofar as the different interpretation of the same term in different branches of legislation does not allow to fully realize the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens. After all, branches of legislation do not exist in isolation from one another but are interrelated.The domestic law-enforcer, among other things, constantly starts with a category such as «damage». The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of different interpretation of the category «damage» in relation to domestic and international legislation, and also discloses the problems of inconsistency of various branches of legislation. It is concluded that the person conducting the proceedings in the case can and is obliged, based on the analysis of the circumstances under consideration, to proceed from a comprehensive assessment of the category used in making the decision as applied to its understanding in aggregate in various branches of legislation. Besides it is necessary to create universal state data base for judges, prosecutors, investigators, etc., which would allow cross-sectoral free information exchange on the same subject.
The Sources of International Law Legitimacy
Authors: Petrova E A
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the question of where the international law legitimacy comes from. The author analyzes the consensual sovereign volition of international law subjects (states, nations, international organizations) as the main source of its legitimacy. The specificity of legitimacy depending on the type of international law norms is indicated. Types of international law legitimacy in the context of its sources are distinguished. Positions on the question of criteria of the legitimacy are given. The author points out the interrelationship between legitimacy of international and national law. It is concluded that legitimacy is an essential feature of international law, since the source of international law legitimacy is the same as the source of the creation and mandatory of its norms, namely, the consensual sovereign volition of the participants of international relations.
The Process of Legitimation as a Precondition for International Legal Personality
Authors: Ampleeva E E
Published: December 2019

The article examines some aspects of the recognition of states in the conditions of a globalizing world as a necessary element of legitimization of the international legal personality of participants in international legal relations.
Legitimation, Legitimacy and Legality of Law in the Chinese Legal System
Authors: Malysheva N I
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the problems of legitimation, legitimacy and legality of law in the light of the Chinese legal system. It is noted that the above theoretical and legal categories, which have been developed in the framework of various types of legal understanding, need serious clarification, taking into account the peculiarities of the Chinese political and legal reality. From the historical point of view attention is being paid to Confucianism and Legalism, which have laid the foundations of the Chinese legal tradition and are influencing China’s law system until now. The author is examining the possibility of further updating the ancient Chinese concept of the «Heaven mandate» in modern conditions. A significant place in the article is devoted to analyzing the role of the Chinese Communist Party in giving legitimacy to the legal norms established by the legislator. The author analyses the legal nature of the program documents of the Communist Party of China, emphasizes the existence of the suggestive elements of legitimization of laws being adopted in China. In conclusion the article focuses on the process of legitimization of one of the Constellations of the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, which abolished the terms limits of the Chairman of the People’s Republic of China, and it sums up that the constitutional amendment was legal from the formal point of view.
The Activities of the Prosecutor’s Office to Ensure Lawfulness in the Implementation of State Cultural Policy
Authors: Lavrov V V
Published: December 2019

In article the main directions of the state cultural policy are considered. The characteristic is given to the main activities of bodies of prosecutor’s office for law enforcement in the course of realization of the state cultural policy. It is shown that activities of bodies of prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation for law enforcement in the sphere of culture are the most important instrument for ensuring of preservation of cultural property and cultural development of Russia now in interests of the real and future generations of the people of the Russian Federation that is caused by possibility of use by bodies of prosecutor’s office of powers inherent in them and legal means. The conclusion about possibility of inclusion of activities for law enforcement in realization of the state cultural policy in the Russian Federation to number of the priority directions in activity of prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation is drawn.
The Axiology of «Metaphysics of Economy» according to S. N. Bulgakov or in Search of a State-Legal Ideal
Authors: Popova A V
Published: December 2019

At the present stage of globalization development, the priority in the world economic system remains for the industrialized countries over the so-called agricultural countries. This state of Affairs was justified in the theory of political economy, which became widespread during the XVIII-XX centuries on the basis of comparative historical and comparative legal analysis of the works of the famous philosopher of law, economist, a prominent representative of the idealistic direction of the Russian neoliberal political and legal doctrine of the turn of XIX-XX centuries. Sergey Bulgakov, the author substantiates the need to address his agrarian theory of the world economy. S. N. Bulgakov opposes his own philosophy of economic management, based on the idea of the finiteness of the industrial stage of human civilization and the return to the nature-saving stage. According to him, the industrial stage leads to a decrease in the fertility of the earth, which, in turn, «triggers» the depletion of natural resources of the world. The philosophy of management («sofiology economy») is, on the one hand, in its materiality, as a result of the development of the world, and on the other - as God’s grace, the remuneration of man for his earthly Affairs. In contrast to the Marxist theory of labor value, the philosopher of law proposed a physiocratic theory of rent, suggesting pricing policy on the part of the agricultural sector of the economy. Unlike the theory of political economy, where industrial countries occupy an excellent position in front of agricultural countries, agricultural theory S. N. Bulgakov recognizes the priority of those countries in which there is no effective regulation of the agricultural sector. The author concludes that it is necessary to revise the role of countries engaged in agricultural production, and especially Russia in the world economy, based on the philosophical and legal heritage of S. N. Bulgakov.
Association of diabetic nephropathy with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Mohan Charu , Muthukrishnan J. , Mishra Saurabh , Nair Bindu T.
Published: December 2019

Background: Microvascular complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), (retinopathy and nephropathy) have a similar etiopathogenetic mechanism besides genetic predisposition. Even though these two complications frequently co-exist, their frequency varies. The association of these two significant complications and their co-existence needs a relook.Methods: Four hundred patients suffering from type 2 DM visiting a tertiary care hospital in Western India were included in this cross-sectional study. Of these, 200 patients were of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) and 200 were without DN. The presence of albuminuria (urine albumin-creatinine ratio) was used to detect diabetic nephropathy. Fundoscopy was performed in all patients to look for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR).Results: In this study, 77.5% patients with DN had retinopathy, while in patients without DN, only 52% patients had retinopathy. This was a statistically significant finding. (p value <0.001). The distribution of types of retinopathy in patients with DN was 63.0% Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR), 12.5% Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) and 2% Clinically Significant Macular Edema (CSME). While in those without DN, 50.5% had NPDR, 1.5% had PDR and none had macular edema.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria, which has been used so far to diagnose DN, may be considered as a reliable predicter of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This simple marker can help screen all patients with Diabetes for nephropathy and retinopathy both and should take place at the first visit/ contact of the healthcare personnel. This can help prevent microvascular complications early and help in goal directed therapy.
Концептуальный подход к анализу структурных и институциональных условий инновационного развития промышленного региона
Authors: Яшин Сергей Николаевич , Яшина Надежда Игоревна , Захарова Юлия Владимировна , Боронин Олег Сергеевич
Published: December 2019

Задача обеспечения инновационного развития региона требует созда-ния соответствующих структурных и институциональных условий. В данной статье проведен анализ институциональной среды инновационного развития регионов, рассмотрены ее базовые институты. Авторы проводят анализ зависимости инновационной результативности региональной системы от институциональной среды коммерциализации новшеств. При этом предлагается расчет авторского индекса материально-технического обеспечения инновационной инфраструктуры в регионах. Также авторы рассматривают развитие институтов в инновационном пространстве регионов через концепцию «тройной спирали» и предлагают методику создания эффективной институциональной среды инновационного развития промышленного региона на основе данной концепции
Современные тенденции развития предпринимательства: творческая и коммерческая составляющие индустрии моды
Authors: Люй Ямэн , Василенко Наталья Валерьевна
Published: December 2019

Настоящая статья посвящена актуальной проблеме развития индустрии моды как экономической отрасли, объединяющей предпринимательские структуры, занятые разработкой, производством, продвижением и продажей модных товаров. В статье раскрывается творческая составляющая предпринимательства в индустрии моды, обусловленная интеллектоемкостью ее продуктов, а также коммерческая, связанная с необходимостью обеспечения прибыльности предприятий-участников производственной цепочки в модной индустрии. Взаимообусловленность указанных составляющих прослежена на примере интеграции дизайна и маркетинга в индустрии моды. Особое внимание уделено факторам, позволяющим достичь баланса между творческой и коммерческой составляющими предпринимательства в мировых столицах моды. В качестве основных таких факторов выделены государственная поддержка, сформированность производственной цепочки создания и продажи модных товаров, концентрации брендов, обеспеченность профессиональными кадрами. Показано, что важнейшее значение имеет контроль над производственным звеном производственной цепочки, позволяющий ее участникам получать технологические преимущества перед конкурентами. Интеллектоемкость модных товаров поддерживается функционированием систем профессиональной подготовки высококвалифицированных кадров для индустрии моды, а также деятельностью универсальных и специализированных профессиональных организаций в указанной сфере
Практика применения и оценка эффективности тестемониума в российской телевизионной рекламе
Authors: Старцева Наталья Николаевна , Брюхова Ольга Юрьевна
Published: December 2019

В статье раскрывается сущность тестемониума как формы рекламы, использующей авторитет популярной личности. На основе проведенного контент-анализа и традиционного анализа документов определяются объем и частота вещания «звездной» рекламы на российском телевидении, действующие лица медиасообщений, объекты «авторитетной» рекламы. Делается вывод о том, что эффективность применения тестемониума зависит от соответствия личного имиджа «звезды» характеристикам типичных представителей целевых аудиторий телеканала и рекламируемого бренда; отсутствия негативных действий знаменитости в период рекламной кампании, подрывающих не только ее имидж, но и имидж рекламируемого бренда; наличия схожего объема капиталов у основных акторов, участвующих в создании и распространении рекламного сообщения. Авторы статьи приходят к заключению: тестемониум является одним из методов селебрити-маркетинга, способствует продвижению товаров и услуг на отечественном рынке и имеет большой потенциал для своего дальнейшего развития
Рынок услуг развлекательных центров: взгляд через призму имиджеобразующих факторов. Часть 5. Региональные особенности рациональных предпочтений
Authors: Закускин Сергей Викторович
Published: December 2019

Представлен анализ рынка развлекательных услуг с использованием подхода, базирующего на интеграции маркетинговых коммуникаций на основе исследования потребительских предпочтений. Построено пространство региональных различий рационального выбора развлекательных центров, оценена относительная значимость характеристик выбора, определены идеальные области характеристик. Рассмотрены выводы из проведённого анализа и предложены рекомендации для привлечения представителей целевой группы в разных городах.
Existing and future therapeutic options for hepatitis C virus infection.
Authors: Bretner Maria
Published: December 2019

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure worldwide. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is treated with interferon-a (IFN-alpha), pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFNalpha) alone or in combination with ribavirin; however, a significant fraction of patients either fail to respond or relapse after cessation of therapy. Efforts to identify and develop highly specific and potent HCV inhibitors have intensified recently. Each of the virally encoded replication enzymes has been a focus of studies as well as viral receptors and the host immune system. This review summarizes recent progress in the search for novel anti-HCV agents.
FEDMA--a simple algorithm for theoretical modeling of linear metabolic pathways: from fuzzy data sets to prediction and experiment.
Authors: Pawlowski Piotr H , Zielenkiewicz Piotr
Published: December 2019

A theoretical model of a chain of irreversible Michaelis-Menten reactions proceeding inside a living cell, taking cell growth, division and subcellular compartmentation into account, was proposed. It became a basis for the construction of a "fuzzy" enzymatic data-modeling algorithm (FEDMA) - a procedure allowing the estimation of missing parameter values for the modeled system, in accordance both with the derived theoretical rules and the available experimental data. The obtained tool was tested to model the heme biosynthesis pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where about 40% of parameters remain unknown. The missing parameters estimated by means of FEDMA fall in the range of expected values.
Effect of SOS-induced Pol II, Pol IV, and Pol V DNA polymerases on UV-induced mutagenesis and MFD repair in Escherichia coli cells.
Authors: Wrzesiński Michał , Nowosielska Anetta , Nieminuszczy Jadwiga , Grzesiuk Elzbieta
Published: December 2019

Irradiation of organisms with UV light produces genotoxic and mutagenic lesions in DNA. Replication through these lesions (translesion DNA synthesis, TSL) in Escherichia coli requires polymerase V (Pol V) and polymerase III (Pol III) holoenzyme. However, some evidence indicates that in the absence of Pol V, and with Pol III inactivated in its proofreading activity by the mutD5 mutation, efficient TSL takes place. The aim of this work was to estimate the involvement of SOS-inducible DNA polymerases, Pol II, Pol IV and Pol V, in UV mutagenesis and in mutation frequency decline (MFD), a mechanism of repair of UV-induced damage to DNA under conditions of arrested protein synthesis. Using the argE3-->Arg(+) reversion to prototrophy system in E. coli AB1157, we found that the umuDC-encoded Pol V is the only SOS-inducible polymerase required for UV mutagenesis, since in its absence the level of Arg(+) revertants is extremely low and independent of Pol II and/or Pol IV. The low level of UV-induced Arg(+) revertants observed in the AB1157mutD5DumuDC strain indicates that under conditions of disturbed proofreading activity of Pol III and lack of Pol V, UV-induced lesions are bypassed without inducing mutations. The presented results also indicate that Pol V may provide substrates for MFD repair; moreover, we suggest that only those DNA lesions which result from umuDC-directed UV mutagenesis are subject to MFD repair.