bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ficção científica
Authors: Grisolli Mario
Published: January 2024

Esta pesquisa aprofunda a relação entre forma e subjetividade na formação do tecido conjuntivo. Com uma abordagem interdisciplinar, destaca analogias entre o tecido conjuntivo e redes simbólicas, visando identificar padrões nas estruturas como tendões, ligamentos e matriz extracelular em relação com o desejo. Esse resumo foi escrito com a utilização de Inteligência artificial.
Influenza vaccination – still a priority
Authors: Duncan Deborah
Published: January 2024

This article was sponsored by CSL Seqirus. CSL Seqirus had no involvement in the writing or editorial process of this article.

The seasonal flu campaign remains a critically important public health intervention to reduce morbidity, mortality and hospitalisation associated with flu within the struggling NHS. This is still a period of uncertainty post pandemic where last Winter we saw a surge in respiratory illness and an increase death rate associated to influenzae and pneumonia. It considers vaccine hesitancy relating it to the different at-risk groups and the role of the nurse in education. It is therefore important to identify who is eligible for vaccination and to be aware of the different vaccinations for each group. This article reviews the recommendations for the 2023–2034 seasonal influenzae period.
Starting a new school with asthma – what to advise
Authors: Henry heather
Published: January 2024

Nurses working in general practice settings may encounter children with asthma who are about to enter school. They can provide advice to prevent exacerbations of the condition

Starting a new school can be an exciting time for children and families. But if a child has asthma, it can become a concern for many reasons. Using a case study approach, this article covers how a general practice nurse may support a child with asthma during transition to a new school, or indeed during other times of educational transition.
The link between nutrition and mental health
Authors: Winter George
Published: January 2024

A recent study predicts that Europe will see an increased burden of psychiatric disorders, mood disorders and stress-induced cognitive vulnerabilities in coming decades. The authors advocate continued research on the role of diet in mental health.
The impact of social media interventions on adult influenza vaccination: A systematic review
Authors: Mujong Datapwa , Rogers Eleanor , Heffernan Catherine
Published: January 2024

This article was sponsored by CSL Seqirus. CSL Seqirus had no involvement in the writing or editorial process of this article.

Background

Despite recent interest around the impact of social media on COVID-19 vaccine uptake, there has not been a review of social media and adult ‘flu vaccinations. This review aims to look at whether social media interventions can improve ‘flu vaccine knowledge, intention to vaccinate and increase vaccine uptake.

Methods

We conducted a rapid systematic review of controlled intervention and observational studies that used existing social networks on commercial platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter.

Findings

Eight studies met our inclusion criteria. Due to heterogeneity in design, studies were thematically analyzed. Employment of influencers, multi-tasking, and the use of a verified source for information can impact positively on vaccine knowledge and intention to vaccinate. Interactions with postings tended to reinforce preconceived ideas.

Conclusion

Social media interventions can help to improve knowledge about ‘flu vaccine and intention to vaccinate but access to services remain a better determinant of vaccine uptake.
Identification and validation of a new prognostic signature based on cancer-associated fibroblast-driven genes in breast cancer
Authors: Wu Zi-Zheng , Wei Yuan-Jun , Li Tong , Zheng Jie , Liu Yin-Feng , Han Meng
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer (BC), a leading malignant disease, affects women all over the world. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) stimulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and induce chemoresistance and immunosuppression.

AIM

To establish a CAFs-associated prognostic signature to improve BC patient outcome estimation.

METHODS

We retrieved the transcript profile and clinical data of 1072 BC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, and 3661 BC samples from the The Gene Expression Omnibus. CAFs and immune cell infiltrations were quantified using CIBERSORT algorithm. CAF-associated gene identification was done by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. A CAF risk signature was established via univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier curves were employed to evaluate the predictability of the model. Subsequently, a nomogram was developed with the risk score and patient clinical signature. Using Spearman's correlations analysis, the relationship between CAF risk score and gene set enrichment scores were examined. Patient samples were collected to validate gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

RESULTS

Employing an 8-gene (IL18, MYD88, GLIPR1, TNN, BHLHE41, DNAJB5, FKBP14, and XG) signature, we attempted to estimate BC patient prognosis. Based on our analysis, high-risk patients exhibited worse outcomes than low-risk patients. Multivariate analysis revealed the risk score as an independent indicator of BC patient prognosis. ROC analysis exhibited satisfactory nomogram predictability. The area under the curve showed 0.805 at 3 years, and 0.801 at 5 years in the TCGA cohort. We also demonstrated that a reduced CAF risk score was strongly associated with enhanced chemotherapeutic outcomes. CAF risk score was significantly correlated with most hallmark gene sets. Finally, the prognostic signature were further validated by qRT-PCR.

CONCLUSION

We introduced a newly-discovered CAFs-associated gene signature, which can be employed to estimate BC patient outcomes conveniently and accurately.
Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma with bone marrow involved: A case report
Authors: Zhang Fen-Juan , Fang Wen-Juan , Zhang Cang-Jian
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Monomorphic epithelial intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL) is a rare type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The clinical manifestations are diarrhea, abdominal pain, perforation and an abdominal mass.

CASE SUMMARY

We present a 52-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with MEITL. Further disease progression was observed after multiline chemotherapy. Eventually, the patient died of a severe infection.

CONCLUSION

MEITL is a rare intestinal primary T-cell lymphoma with aggressive behavior, a high risk of severe life-threatening complications, and a poor prognosis.
Individualized anti-thrombotic therapy for acute myocardial infarction complicated with left ventricular thrombus: A case report
Authors: Song Yan , Li Hua , Zhang Xia , Wang Lei , Xu Hong-Yan , Lu Zhi-Chao , Wang Xiao-Gang , Liu Bo
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Presently, there is no established standard anti-blood clot therapy for patients facing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by left ventricular thrombus (LVT). While vitamin K antagonists are the preferred choice for oral blood thinning, determining the best course of blood-thinning medication remains challenging. It is unclear if non-vitamin K antagonist oral blood thinners have different effectiveness in treating LVT. This study significantly contributes to the medical community.

CASE SUMMARY

The blood-thinning treatment of a patient with AMI and LVT was analyzed. Triple blood-thinning therapy included daily enteric-coated aspirin tablets at 0.1 g, daily clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate at 75 mg, and dabigatran etexilate at 110 mg twice daily. After 15 d, the patient’s LVT did not decrease but instead increased. Clinical pharmacists comprehensively analyzed the cases from the perspective of the patient’s disease status and drug interaction. The drug regimen was reformulated for the patient, replacing dabigatran etexilate with warfarin, and was administered for six months. The clinical pharmacist provided the patient with professional and standardized pharmaceutical services. The patient’s condition was discharged after meeting the international normalized ratio value (2-3) criteria. The patient fully complied with the follow-up, and the time in the therapeutic range was 78.57%, with no serious adverse effects during pharmaceutical monitoring.

CONCLUSION

Warfarin proves to be an effective drug for patients with AMI complicated by LVT, and its blood-thinning course lasts for six months.
Supplemental information for "The Effect of Drainage and Subirrigation From a Small Drainage Water Recycling Reservoir on Corn and Soybean Yields in Eastern North Carolina"
Authors: Moursi Hossam , Youssef Mohamed A. , Poole Chad A
Published: January 2024

Drainage water recycling (DWR) has been proposed as a source of supplemental irrigation to increase crop production resilience to extended and more frequent dry periods during the crop growing season; however, the system’s potential benefits have not been adequately quantified. The main objective of this study was to assess the performance of a DWR system for providing water for supplemental irrigation to corn and soybean at a research site in eastern North Carolina and quantify corn and soybean yield responses during 4 growing seasons (2018-2021) with varying weather conditions. Two treatments were implemented at the study site: DWR and control (CT) treatment. The CT treatment was a 11.23 ha non-irrigated field that was primarily drained by a surface drainage system. The DWR treatment (11.48 ha) had a subsurface drainage system that provides drainage during the wet periods and subirrigation during the dry periods of the growing season. A small size reservoir (5,458 m3) was used to collect surface runoff and subsurface drainage and subirrigate the DWR treatment. Results showed that the DWR reservoir stored enough water to meet irrigation requirements in 3 of the 4 growing seasons and provided 5 to 73 mm of irrigation to the DWR treatment. Subirrigation raised the groundwater table by an average of 15 cm, which helped increase the upward movement of soil water to the root zone and meet crop evapotranspiration demand. DWR increased corn yields by 0.13 and 0.91 Mg ha-1 (1 and 79%) and soybean yields by 0.31 and 0.59 Mg ha-1 (9 and 30%). Subirrigation which is generally less efficient than overhead irrigation methods, did not optimize the use of the limited water stored in the small reservoir and could not provide enough protection to corn against prolonged dry conditions in the 2019 growing season. The amount of nutrients recycled back to the field through subirrigation was not large enough to help reduce fertilizer application rate. Overall, the results demonstrated that DWR is a promising practice for increasing the resilience of crop production in the southeastern U.S. to the uncertainty in precipitation, which is expected to intensify by climate change. Monitoring the performance of DWR for longer periods with varying factors of weather, soil, and system design and management would help guide the design and management of the system to optimize the performance and minimize the implementation cost.
La presencia del miedo y la construcción de enemigos en el discurso de Vox en 2019
Authors: Bretones María Trinidad , Domínguez Martí Miquel
Published: January 2024

El tipo y los temas que se emplean en los discursos de los partidos políticos de extrema derecha configuran, sin duda, algunos de sus rasgos más visibles. El autoritarismo, el rechazo a la inmigración, o la crítica destructiva hacia las instituciones del Estado y a hacia el resto de partidos políticos son algunos de los temas que los caracterizan. Asimismo, parece que el elemento que más identifica a este discurso es su elevado contenido emocional y, más concretamente, la alta intensidad en el uso de mensajes que activan miedo en la población receptora.

Esta investigación rastrea la presencia del miedo en los discursos del partido político español de extrema derecha, Vox. Mide su intensidad, recoge los términos con los que se designa y muestra, además, su asociación con el proceso discursivo de construcción de enemigos. En concreto, para medir la intensidad y seleccionar y cuantificar los términos del discurso del miedo se exploran, durante el año 2019, los mensajes en la cuenta Twitter de este partido, y se compara, durante el mismo año, con la presencia de mensajes de temor o miedo en las cuentas de la red oficial equivalente del resto de partidos políticos
Feminismo popular neoliberal y la Comisión 8M de Madrid. Entre la radicalidad y lo mainstream
Authors: Santiago Prieto María
Published: January 2024

El aumento de la visibilidad y la popularidad de los feminismos en los últimos años ha llevado a diversas autoras a abordar críticamente la relación entre los feminismos y el neoliberalismo. Esta investigación pretende estudiar cómo interactúan las organizaciones feministas con lo que aquí denomino feminismo popular neoliberal, para lo cual se ha realizado un estudio de caso de la Comisión 8M de Madrid a través de observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados apuntan a un posicionamiento complejo entre la defensa de postulados radicalmente críticos y el aprovechamiento de las ventajas estratégicas que genera situarse en lo mainstream, así como cierta subestimación de la posible influencia del neoliberalismo en los movimientos feministas.
PRESENTACIÓN: NO-DO O LA FÁBRICA DE AUDIOVISUALES DEL RÉGIMEN FRANQUISTA (1942-1981)
Authors: ROSICH ARGELICH RICARD
Published: January 2024

Presentación del dossier monográfico sobre el 80º aniversario del noticiario del NO-DO.
LA JUVENTUD EN EL NO-DO, ENTRE LA REACCIÓN Y LA AMERICANIZACIÓN (1943-1975)
Authors: CERCÓS RAICHS RAQUEL , SÁNCHEZ MARGALEF FERRAN , VILANOU TORRANO CONRAD
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se aborda el plan del franquismo que, a través del Frente de Juventudes y la Sección Femenina, pretendía controlar ideológicamente a los jóvenes, en un intento reaccionario de frenar los aires de modernidad que habían circulado antes de 1936. Mientras para los chicos se propuso un modelo de vida campamental y premilitar, las muchachas quedaban circunscritas a la esfera privada de la vida doméstica, todo ello bajo un universo claramente religioso de acuerdo con los principios del nacional-catolicismo. Sin embargo, como sea que los Estados Unidos fueron los valedores del régimen franquista, se produjo un proceso un tanto paradójico, en el sentido que la americanización de la vida social española –algo contrario a los postulados defendidos por la Falange, opuesta al liberalismo capitalista y plutocrático– comportó que la cultura juvenil también fijara su atención en las novedades que procedían de Norteamérica, un proceso que puede observarse y documentarse no sólo con las imágenes del NO-DO sino también del cine.
ENTRE LA PROPAGANDA Y LA EVASIÓN: PRESENCIA Y PAPEL DE LO CINEMATOGRÁFICO EN LOS PRIMEROS AÑOS DEL NO-DO (1943-1950)
Authors: SANZ FERRERUELA FERNANDO
Published: January 2024

Dentro de los múltiples aspectos acerca de la vida española e internacional a los que el noticiario del NO-DO prestó su atención, la cinematografía ocupó un importante lugar. En el periodo comprendido entre 1943 y 1950, esa presencia fue habitual, constante y diversa, y las implicaciones del cine fueron evolucionando a medida que el panorama sociopolítico cambiaba. El noticiario tendió a relacionar al cine, no tanto con su valor cultural y artístico, como con su importancia como mecanismo de propaganda y evasión de la sociedad.
Trabajo precario, trabajo de cuidados y sus expresiones en salud pública: ¿cuánto y cómo protege la asistencia social latinoamericana?
Authors: Aguirre Micaela
Published: January 2024

El artículo constituye una presentación parcial de la tesis de la Maestría en Salud Pública, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Dos interrogantes centrales organizan el documento: 1. ¿Cómo se expresa la relación entre el trabajo y la protección social y los procesos de distribución y producción de fenómenos de salud / enfermedad / atención / cuidado? 2. ¿Cómo inciden en esta relación las políticas de transferencia condicionada en Argentina y Colombia? Para responderlos, se presentan, por un lado, los resultados de un ejercicio de indagación documental que registró producciones a nivel global con un énfasis especial latinoamericano durante los últimos diez años. Por otro, se da cuenta de hallazgos y análisis surgidos de veinte entrevistas en profundidad a titulares de las políticas de interés realizadas en Argentina y Colombia durante el año 2023. De esa manera, el ejercicio permite explicitar las relaciones entre las transformaciones y la precarización del mundo laboral y la división sexual del trabajo con padecimientos particulares de salud mental, aumentos de accidentes laborales y lesiones específicas ocupacionales. Asimismo, se comprende cómo estas políticas de transferencia condicionada se configuran como potenciales recursos protectores o de agudización de los padecimientos específicos asociados a la precariedad laboral y la división sexual del trabajo en ambos países. Como conclusión, se plantea que los mecanismos de protección contemplados en este tipo de políticas asistenciales resultan insuficientes para reducir los niveles de vulnerabilidad y sufrimiento humano asociados a la incertidumbre y precariedad que origina el mundo del trabajo actual.
Conformación de la profesionalidad del Trabajo Social chileno a 50 años del golpe de Estado.
Authors: Castañeda-Meneses Patricia
Published: January 2024

La conmemoración de los 50 años del golpe de Estado en Chile resulta de profundo interés para el Trabajo Social chileno considerando las consecuencias que la dictadura cívico militar ha dejado en los procesos de conformación de su profesionalidad. El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que tiene por objetivo general caracterizar las consecuencias de la dictadura cívico militar en la actual conformación de la profesionalidad del Trabajo Social chileno a 50 años del golpe de Estado. Se realizó investigación documental con enfoque cualitativo a partir de un corpus documental organizado temporalmente desde los criterios de período dictatorial y período actual. Los resultados fueron validados a partir de los procesos de triangulación de tiempo y de fuentes. Se constatan tres consecuencias de la dictadura cívico militar en la profesionalidad del Trabajo Social chileno; las que corresponden a una racionalidad distintiva obtenida desde la forzada adopción de una metodología profesional, los Derechos Humanos como renovado marco ético profesional y la precarización profesional. Como conclusión puede afirmarse que las consecuencias de la dictadura cívico militar en la profesionalidad del Trabajo Social son claramente reconocibles y permiten constatar un presente de luces y sombras, conformado a partir de las decisiones que fueron tomadas en contingencia frente a la represión y a las reformas estructurales que afectaron al país y en donde la profesión mostró ductilidad y mirada estratégica en el largo plazo para sobrevivir en el espacio universitario, en el desempeño y en la legitimidad social de su aporte especializado.
Enfoque oral y la enseñanza de E/LE en línea: aproximación a través del cine
Authors: Montenegro Lorena , Fonseca de Oliveira Aline
Published: January 2024

Este artículo presenta el diseño, descripción de la aplicación y discusión de resultados de una propuesta didáctica de enseñanza de E/LE en un entorno virtual, mediante la implementación de una tarea titulada Cine y mundo hispano, fundamentada en el Enfoque Oral y el Enfoque por Tareas. El objetivo de la propuesta es desarrollar las competencias fónicas de aprendices brasileños de español de nivel inicial. Se recolectaron muestras de habla espontánea para crear un portafolio oral y grabaciones de las clases síncronas. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran cómo se desarrollan los procesos de aprendizaje y adquisición de la lengua oral en un entorno virtual cuando se sigue un enfoque mayormente oral. Esta propuesta abre nuevos caminos para la enseñanza de la lengua oral, minimizando la mediación de la lectoescritura de manera eficaz.
Multi-wavelength multi-distance diffuse correlation spectroscopy system for assessment of premature infants’ cerebral hemodynamics
Authors: Otic Nikola , Sunwoo John , Huang Yujing , Martin Alyssa , Robinson Mitchell B. , Zimmermann Bernhard , Carp Stefan , Inder Terrie , El-Dib Mohamed , Franceschini Maria Angela , Renna Marco
Published: January 2024

Infants born at an extremely low gestational age (ELGA, < 29 weeks) are at an increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and there is a need for standalone, safe, easy-to-use tools for monitoring cerebral hemodynamics. We have built a multi-wavelength multi-distance diffuse correlation spectroscopy device (MW-MD-DCS), which utilizes time-multiplexed, long-coherence lasers at 785, 808, and 853 nm, to simultaneously quantify the index of cerebral blood flow (CBFi) and the hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2). We show characterization data on liquid phantoms and demonstrate the system performance on the forearm of healthy adults, as well as clinical data obtained on two preterm infants.
Optical feedback noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectrometry for sub-Doppler-broadened detection of C2H2: publisher’s note
Authors: Zhou Xiaobin , Zhao Gang , Li Yong , Cheng Ziwei , Jiao Kang , Zhang Bofeng , Zhang Zihao , Li Yanke , Yan Xiaojuan , Ma Weiguang , Jia Suotang
Published: January 2024

This publisher’s note contains a correction to Opt. Lett. 49, 202 (2024)10.1364/OL.507004.
Understanding Light Velocity Enables the Resolution of the
Dark Matter –Riddle
Authors: Barak Shlomo
Published: January 2024

Our understanding of the term Light Velocity enables us to consider the possibility that there is no need for Dark Matter or need to modify known and accepted physics to explain rotation curves and lensing. We suggest the possibility that it is the non-Homogenous Space density in and around galaxies, due to the observed non-Homogenous Hubble-Flow, that creates an additional Central Acceleration that affects rotation curves and cause lensing.
Optical-coherence-tomography-based deep-learning scatterer-density estimator using physically accurate noise model
Authors: Yasuno Yoshiaki , Seesan Thitiya , Mukherjee Pradipta , El-Sadek Ibrahim Abd , Lim Yiheng , Zhu Lida , Makita Shuichi
Published: January 2024

We demonstrate a deep-learning-based scatterer density estimator (SDE) that processes local speckle patterns of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and estimates the scatterer density behind each speckle pattern. The SDE is trained using large quantities of numerically simulated OCT images and their associated scatterer densities. The numerical simulation uses a noise model that incorporates the spatial properties of three types of noise, i.e., shot noise, relative-intensity noise, and non-optical noise. The SDE' s performance was evaluated numerically and experimentally using two types of scattering phantom and \invitro tumor spheroids. The results confirmed that the SDE estimates scatterer densities accurately. The estimation accuracy improved significantly when compared with our previous deep-learning-based SDE, which was trained using numerical speckle patterns generated from a noise model that did not account for the spatial properties of noise.
Photonic crystal nanolasers in polydimethylsiloxane thin film for sensing quantities leading to strain
Authors: Lu Tsan-Wen , Lin Kuang-Ming , Wang Zhen-Yu , Lee Po-Tsung
Published: January 2024

We propose and realize a 1D photonic crystal nanocavity laser embedded in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) thin film. The nanolaser in PDMS exhibits a significant optical response to structural deformation. It can be attached to object surfaces or integrated into different configurations, enabling the detection of different quantities that induce strain in the film. In experiments, this nanolaser can detect temperature variations or micrometer-scale bending degrees by attaching it to a temperature-controllable or bendable plate, respectively. Moreover, we further utilize the film as a diaphragm of a chamber to demonstrate its potential as a highly sensitive pressure gauge and chemical sensor. By adjusting the thickness of the PDMS thin film and the position of the nanolaser, we experimentally achieved a minimum detectable gas pressure variation of 0.12 kPa and a sensing dynamic range of 46 dB. We also investigate the optical response of the nanolaser to the swelling of the PDMS thin film induced by different organic solvents in experiments. The experimental wavelength shift rates over time are proportional to different chemical vapors’ PDMS swelling ratios, which can be used to identify specific chemical vapors within the chamber that induce PDMS swelling. Based on the experimental results and the capability of reattaching to different objects or configurations, we believe that our PhC nanolaser demonstrated herein holds significant potential as a highly sensitive mechanical and chemical sensor.
‘We are not the virus’–Experiences of racism among East & Southeast Asian heritage young people in London during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gram Lu , Mau Ada
Published: January 2024

The spread of COVID-19 was accompanied by news reports of surging racism, xenophobia, and hate crime all over the Global North targeting individuals of East and Southeast Asian (ESEA) descent. However, little empirical research has documented the impacts of COVID-19 on child and adolescent ESEAs. We describe and analyse the mental health experiences of young ESEA Londoners during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. We purposively recruited 23 young people (aged 9–20) of ESEA heritage through social media and existing ESEA networks and analysed transcripts using thematic analysis. Participants experienced distress from being exposed to multiple forms of racism ranging from strangers on the street avoiding or harassing them to classmates at school or university making racist ‘jokes’, comments or ‘banter’. Participants worried about hate crimes reported in news media and experienced anxiety from seeing pervasive racist content in online social media. Some participants responded by physically isolating themselves at home for long periods, whilst others chose to participate in activism, providing a sense of agency. Action by parents and school authorities was reported to help prevent further bullying, but respondents did not always feel able to approach these for help. Our findings put into focus the strain on young ESEA Londoners’ mental health caused by COVID-related racism and jar against simplified depictions of metropolitan places, such as London, as centres of cosmopolitanism and tolerance. To promote the emotional wellbeing of young ESEAs, future policy should facilitate action by schools and universities against anti-ESEA racism and support ESEA community-building efforts to enhance resilience in the face of racism.
Pediatric chronic kidney disease mortality in Brazil—A time trend analysis
Authors: Kaufman Arnauld , Barreira André L. , Land Marcelo G. P.
Published: January 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined based on structural or functional abnormalities of the kidneys, or a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below the threshold of 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 for more than 3 months. It is an important noncommunicable disease with a rising worldwide, becoming a global public health problem. There are few studies about this problem, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), including Brazil, an upper-middle-income country. The objective of the study was to determine the cause-specific mortality rates for pediatric CKD patients (CKDMR) from 0 to 19 years old, based on the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and the Global Burden of Diseases Injuries and Risk Factors Study’s (GBD) list. We calculated the impact of the annual human development indexes (HDI) in CKDMR in Brazil and its regions at two different times and compared it with the literature results. We obtained data from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS) from 1996 to 2017. The Joinpoint regression analyses estimated the average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). The correlation between the HDI values and the number of deaths from each age group in Brazil and its different regions were assessed using the time series autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. There were 8838 deaths in a pediatric and adolescent population of about 1.485 x 109 person-years observed in Brazil from 1996 to 2017. Our results demonstrated a significant increase in the AAPC in Brazil’s less than 1-year-old age group and a decrease in children from 5 to 19 years old. We observed a positive correlation between CKDMR and HDI among children under 1 year of age. Conversely, there is a negative association in the age groups ranging from 5 to 19 years, indicating an inverse relationship between CKDMR and HDI.
Have there been efforts to integrate malaria and schistosomiasis prevention and control programs? A scoping review of the literature
Authors: Duguay Claudia , Raduy Sydney , Khov Engluy , Protopopoff Natacha , Feng Cindy , Krentel Alison , Kulkarni Manisha A.
Published: January 2024

Malaria and schistosomiasis are two important parasitic diseases that are a particular threat to young children and pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria and schistosomiasis prevention and control strategies primarily focus on the distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets and the delivery of praziquantel tablets to at-risk populations in high burden settings through mass drug administration, respectively. The objective of this scoping review was to identify previous efforts to integrate malaria and schistosomiasis prevention and control programs in the literature and to summarize the strategies and approaches used in these programs following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We reviewed published and grey literature using a combination of keywords and search terms following themes surrounding “malaria”, “Plasmodium falciparum”, “Anopheles”, “schistosomiasis”, “Schistosoma haematobium”, “Schistosoma mansoni”, and “snails”. Neither a date limit nor relevant terms for prevention and control were used. Out of 6374, eight articles were included in the scoping review—three articles investigated the integration of mass drug administration for schistosomiasis with the administration of antimalarials, four articles investigated the effect of administering antimalarials on malaria, schistosomiasis, and their co-infection, and one article assessed the impact of an educational intervention on malaria and schistosomiasis knowledge and preventative behaviors. Our findings suggest that there is an opportunity to link disease control programs to increase access and coverage of interventions to improve outcomes for malaria, schistosomiasis, and their co-infection. Further research is needed on the potential benefits, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of integrating malaria and schistosomiasis prevention and control programs.
Patterns in acute aortic dissection and a connection to meteorological conditions in Germany
Authors: Kurz Stephan Dominik , Mahlke Holger , Graw Kathrin , Prasse Paul , Falk Volkmar , Knosalla Christoph , Matzarakis Andreas
Published: January 2024

Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a dramatic emergency exhibiting a mortality of 50% within the first 48 hours if not operated. This study found an absolute value of cosine-like seasonal variation pattern for Germany with significantly fewer ATAAD events (Wilcoxon test) for the warm months of June, July, and August from 2005 to 2015. Many studies suspect a connection between ATAAD events and weather conditions. Using ERA5 reanalysis data and an objective weather type classification in a contingency table approach showed that for Germany, significantly more ATAAD events occurred during lower temperatures (by about 4.8 K), lower water vapor pressure (by about 2.6 hPa), and prevailing wind patterns from the northeast. In addition, we used data from a classification scheme for human-biometeorological weather conditions which was not used before in ATAAD studies. For the German region of Berlin and Brandenburg, for 2006 to 2019, the proportion of days with ATAAD events during weather conditions favoring hypertension (cold air advection, in the center of a cyclone, conditions with cold stress or thermal comfort) was significantly increased by 13% (Chi-squared test for difference of proportions). In contrast, the proportion was decreased by 19% for conditions associated with a higher risk for patients with hypotension and therefore a lower risk for patients with hypertension (warm air advection ahead of warm fronts, conditions with no thermal stress or heat stress, in the center of a cyclone with thermal stress). As many studies have shown that hypertension is a risk factor for ATAAD, our findings support the hypothesized relation between ATAAD and hypertension-favoring weather conditions.
Spatial patterns and determinants of low utilization of delivery care service and postnatal check-up within 2 months following birth in Ethiopia: Bivariate analysis
Authors: Awoke Shegaw Mamaru , Getaneh Frezer Tilahun , Derebe Muluwerk Ayele
Published: January 2024

Background

Home delivery is a nonclinical childbirth practice that takes place in one’s home with or without traditional birth attendants and postnatal care is the care given to the mother and her newborn baby; according to world health organization (WHO), the postnatal phase, begins one hour after birth and lasts six weeks (42 days). This paper aimed to study the spatial pattern and determinant factors of low utilization of delivery care (DC) services and postnatal check-up (PNC) after live births in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study used the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data as a source. A total weighted samples of 11023 women-children pairs were included. The bivariate binary logistic regression analyses with spatial effect were modeled using SAS version 9.4 and ArcGIS version 10.8 was used for mapping.

Results

The spatial distribution of low utilization of delivery care service and postnatal check-up were significantly clustered in Ethiopia (Moran’s I statistic 0.378, P-value < 0.001 and 0.177, P-value < 0.001 respectively). Among 11023 children-women pair, the prevalence of home delivery and no postnatal check-up within two months following birth were 72.6% and 91.4% respectively. The Liben, Borena, Guji, Bale, Dolo and Zone 2 were predicted to have high prevalence of home delivery and part of Afder, Shabelle, Korahe, Dolo and Zone 2 were high risk areas of no postnatal checkup.

Conclusion and recommendations

Lack of occupation, region, large family size, higher birth order, low utilization of antenatal care visit, unable to access mass media, big problem of health facility distance and the spatial variable were found to be jointly significant predictors of low utilization of DC and PNC in Ethiopia. Whereas older age, being reside in rural area and low wealth status affects delivery care service utilization. We suggest health providers, policy makers and stakeholders consider those variables with priority given to Liben, Borena, Guji, Bale, Dolo, Zone 2, Afder, Shabelle and Korahe, where home delivery and no PNC were predicted relatively high. We also recommend researchers to conduct further studies using latest survey data set.
Identifying value chain trade-offs from fruit and vegetable aggregation services in Bangladesh using a system dynamics approach
Authors: Choudhury Dipok K. , Cooper Gregory S. , Rich Karl M. , Shankar Bhavani , Sadek Sadman , Ratna Nazmun N. , Kadiyala Suneetha , Alam Mohammad J.
Published: January 2024

Significant progress has been made in cereal production in Bangladesh due to an agricultural policy environment that prioritizes the productivity of staple crops over fruit and vegetables (F&V). However, many smallholder farmers remain poorly connected to markets, which may lead to a limited supply response of F&V that can reduce opportunities for sufficient intake in neglected, consumer-facing, smaller retail markets. To address this issue, aggregation schemes have been conceived that collect and transport F&Vs on behalf of multiple farmers. Given the volume of horticultural produce produced and the reliance on developed transport infrastructure, aggregation schemes tend to supply wholesale and urban markets rather than underdeveloped rural and isolated markets. To this end, we investigated how a particular aggregation intervention (‘Loop’) could potentially improve the distribution of F&V to smaller markets whilst improving farmer benefits. We used an innovative system dynamics modeling approach based on Loop`s aggregation services in Jashore, Bangladesh, and to identify the potential trade-offs between consumer outcomes in retail markets and farmer benefits. We find that combining aggregation with a quota at the smaller market, transport subsidy, and current price growth does not result in trade-offs between consumer purchases and farmers`benefits. However, combining aggregation with current price growth can increase demand without losing farmers`benefits. The findings emphasize that standalone and multiple market-oriented interventions generate broader win-win benefits to promote inclusive food systems.
Algorithmic bias in anthropomorphic artificial intelligence: Critical perspectives through the practice of women media artists and designers
Authors: Antonopoulou Caterina
Published: January 2024

Current research in artificial intelligence (AI) sheds light on algorithmic bias embedded in AI systems. The underrepresentation of women in the AI design sector of the tech industry, as well as in training datasets, results in technological products that encode gender bias, reinforce stereotypes and reproduce normative notions of gender and femininity. Biased behaviour is notably reflected in anthropomorphic AI systems, such as personal intelligent assistants (PIAs) and chatbots, that are usually feminized through various design parameters, such as names, voices and traits. Gendering of AI entities, however, is often reduced to the encoding of stereotypical behavioural patterns that perpetuate normative assumptions about the role of women in society. The impact of this behaviour on social life increases, as human-to-(anthropomorphic)machine interactions are mirrored in human-to-human social interactions. This article presents current critical research on AI bias, focusing on anthropomorphic systems. Moreover, it discusses the significance of women’s engagement in AI design and programming, by presenting selected case studies of contemporary female media artists and designers. Finally, it suggests that women, through their creative practice, provide feminist and critical approaches to AI design which are essential for imagining alternative, inclusive, ethic and de-biased futures for anthropomorphic AIs.
RESEARCH OF ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF ARONIA MITCHURINA (ARONIA MITCHURINII SKVORTSOV & MAITULINA) LEAVES
Authors: Pugacheva Ol'ga Valeriyevna , Brezhneva Tat `yana Aleksandrovna , Slivkin Alexey Ivanovich
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to study the composition and ability to accumulate various elements in the leaves of aronia Mitchurina for scientific rationale of the possibility of their use in medicine and pharmacy.

The composition and ability to accumulate various elements in the leaves of aronia Mitchurina harvested in the Tambov region were studied. The elemental composition of the leaves of aronia Mitchurina and the soil from the place of plant growth was studied by inductively coupled plasma chromato-mass spectrometry. In the raw material was found 61 chemical elements, including almost all essential: macronutrients, with the predominance of calcium, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium; trace elements, with the predominance of iron, zinc, sodium, manganese.

It was found that the ratio of elements in the soil from the place of growth and in the raw material are different. Coefficient of biological accumulation for each element were estimated, on the basis of which all elements are classified into five groups. The elements of energetic accumulation include phosphorus, and the elements of highly accumulation include calcium, potassium, and zinc. The ability of chokeberry leaves to accumulate zinc in higher concentrations (64.32 µg/g) than other species of herbal raw materials allows us to view them as a possible natural source of this element in hypoelementosis associated with zinc deficiency in the body.

Determined in the analysis is the content of toxic elements standardized in plant raw materials: lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic. Their contents do not exceed the maximum permissible concentration limits given in the normative documentation.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF WORMWOOD TAURIA, GROWING IN THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors: Velikorodov Anatoliy Valeriyevich , Laktionov Aleksey Pavlovich , Nosachev Svyatoslav Borisovich
Published: January 2024

Using the steam distillation method, essential oil samples were obtained from the ground part of Artemisia taurica Willd., which grows wild in the Astrakhan region, and the dependence of its yield on the growing season of the plant was studied. The duration of the steam distillation process was established experimentally based on the study of the dynamics of changes in the yield of essential oil over time. The yield of essential oil was determined in % in terms of the weight of air-dry raw materials. The highest yield of essential oil was obtained from plants in the flowering phase (0.57–0.59%). Quantitative analysis of the main components of Artemisia taurica essential oil was carried out by GC-MS. The quantitative content of essential oil components was calculated from the areas of gas chromatographic peaks without using correction factors. Qualitative analysis was performed by comparing linear retention indices. It has been established that the composition of the essential oil of Artemisia taurica, which grows on the territory of the natural "Bogdinsko-Baskunchaksky" reserve of the Astrakhan region, is very specific. In the essential oil, 41 compounds belonging to various classes have been identified. It includes monoterpene hydrocarbons (6.57%), monoterpenoids (65.17%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (4.87%), sesquiterpenoids (1.85%), as well as fatty acids and acid esters (13.93%) and carbonyl compounds (4.04%). The main components of the essential oil are camphor (24.50%), borneol (8.70%), iso-dihydrocarveol (4.11%), mertinal (3.67%), terpene-4-ol (3.35%). Unlike the taxon Artemisia taurica growing in the Crimea, the studied essential oil contains a small amount of a-thujone (1.32%).
DEVELOPING COMPOSITION AND STUDYING PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND ANTIADHESIVE PROPERTIES OF BIOPOLYMER FILMS BASED ON COLLAGEN AND Na-CMC
Authors: Muydinov Nurillo Tukhtarovich , Radjabov Otabek Iskandarovich , Gulyamov Turgun , Turaev Abbaskhan Sabirkhanovich , Atajonov Abdulakhat Yuldashevich , Barotov Kuzizhon Rabbim ugli
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of the compatibility of collagen and Na-CMC at various ratios. The study of the structure of the biopolymer composition collagen/Na-CMC/glycerol showed their full compatibility. For the first time, films were obtained from a collagen/Na-CMC/glycerol solution in an aqueous medium, which simplifies the technology for obtaining medicinal films and improves their bioavailability. Using electron microscopy and viscometric studies, the optimal ratio of collagen and Na-CMC 70/30 was chosen, at which materials with strength and viscosity suitable for the formation of a film material were obtained. The optimal concentration of the plasticizer glycerin – 17% – was selected and the physicochemical properties of the films were studied. It has been established that with a decrease in the concentration of glycerol below 17%, the elastic properties of the film deteriorate; an increase in the concentration of more than 17% does not improve the elasticity of the film, but leads to an overuse of the plasticizer. As a result of double plasticization, it is possible to obtain films with good plasticity, which is achieved due to the good compatibility of glycerol with Na-CMC. The microstructure of the films was studied by atomic force microscopy. It has been established that when Na-CMC and glycerol are added to the collagen mass in the established ratios, the uniformity of the films is observed due to the loosening of the collagen microstructure. The biological efficiency of the obtained films was evaluated under the conditions of the development of adhesions in laboratory animals in vivo. The results of the study of anti-adhesion activity indicate the high efficiency of the developed P-3 film for preventing adhesion formation after surgical interventions.
MICROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF PATRINIA SCABIOSIFOLIA AND PATRINIA RUPESTRIS
Authors: Zorikova Ol'ga Gennad'yevna , Manyakhin Artem Yur'yevich
Published: January 2024

Anthropogenic activity leads to an increased content of trace elements in environmental resources: air, water, land and biota. The accumulation of elements is influenced by the properties of the element, the characteristics of the environment, and the factors of the host organism. This necessitates monitoring of plant materials, especially in regions with a significant raw material base of medicinal plants, but actively exposed to anthropogenic impact, which currently includes the Russian Far East. The article presents the results of studying the elemental composition of plant raw materials of Patrinia rupestris and Patrinia scabiosifolia. It has been established that P. rupestris raw material contains 11-12 elements, P. scabiosifolia raw material contains 11-14 elements, depending on the habitat, 8 of them are essential, 4 are conditionally essential. The homogeneous elemental composition of the grass and roots of P. rupestris and P. scabiosifolia reflects the genetic closeness of the studied species. For most elements, both species exhibit the properties of moderate accumulation and strong capture. Mn, Cr, Ni maintain a constant concentration throughout the range, both for P. rupestris and P. scabiosifolia. Foliar uptake of Co, Br for both species, and Ba for P. rupestris was noted. For P. rupestris and P. scabiosifolia, an acropetal type of element accumulation is noted in Primorye; in the mainland areas of the ranges, a reverse strategy of element accumulation is observed.
STUDY OF THE ANTIOXIDANT COMPLEX OF PLUM FRUITS PRUNUS USSURIENSIS AND PRUNUS INSITITIA IN THE SVERDLOVSK REGION
Authors: Arisov Aleksandr Valer'yevich , Vyatkin Anton Vladimirovich , Isakova Margarita Germanovna , Slepneva Tat'yana Nikolayevna
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the antioxidant complex in the fruits of 11 plum varieties growing in the Sverdlovsk region, including 6 varieties of Ussuri plum (Prunus ussuriensis) and 5 varieties of blackthorn (Prunus insititia). As a result of studies of antioxidant indicators, the values of antioxidant activity were, mmol / dm3 eq, in blackthorn from 21.748±0.652 to 52.404±1.572 (highest value in the variety "Iset", the lowest value in the variety "Sergo"); in the plum of Ussuri from 4.713±0.141 to 23.993±0.720 (highest value in the variety "Iset", the lowest value in the variety "Sergo"); in the plum of Ussuri from 4.713±0.141 to 23.993±0.720 (highest value in the variety "Dostoynaya", the smallest in the variety "Uralsky Zori"); especially it is possible to highlight the promising form of thorns "23-15" with a value of 81.220±2.437. At the same time, the content of flavonoids was, mg / 100 g of the edible part, in blackthorn from 333.968±10.019 to 504.729±15.142; in Ussuri plum from 72.374±2.171 to 368.442±11.053. The highest value of this indicator is 647.235±19.417 mg/100 g in the perspective form of blackthorn "23-15".