bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 diagnosis from chest X-ray images using transfer learning: Enhanced performance by debiasing dataloader
Authors: Polat Çağín , Karaman Onur , Karaman Ceren , Korkmaz Güney , Balcı Mehmet Can , Kelek Sevim Ercan
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:

Chest X-ray imaging has been proved as a powerful diagnostic method to detect and diagnose COVID-19 cases due to its easy accessibility, lower cost and rapid imaging time.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aims to improve efficacy of screening COVID-19 infected patients using chest X-ray images with the help of a developed deep convolutional neural network model (CNN) entitled nCoV-NET.

METHODS:

To train and to evaluate the performance of the developed model, three datasets were collected from resources of “ChestX-ray14”, “COVID-19 image data collection”, and “Chest X-ray collection from Indiana University,” respectively. Overall, 299 COVID-19 pneumonia cases and 1,522 non-COVID 19 cases are involved in this study. To overcome the probable bias due to the unbalanced cases in two classes of the datasets, ResNet, DenseNet, and VGG architectures were re-trained in the fine-tuning stage of the process to distinguish COVID-19 classes using a transfer learning method. Lastly, the optimized final nCoV-NET model was applied to the testing dataset to verify the performance of the proposed model.

RESULTS:

Although the performance parameters of all re-trained architectures were determined close to each other, the final nCOV-NET model optimized by using DenseNet-161 architecture in the transfer learning stage exhibits the highest performance for classification of COVID-19 cases with the accuracy of 97.1 %. The Activation Mapping method was used to create activation maps that highlights the crucial areas of the radiograph to improve causality and intelligibility.

CONCLUSION:

This study demonstrated that the proposed CNN model called nCoV-NET can be utilized for reliably detecting COVID-19 cases using chest X-ray images to accelerate the triaging and save critical time for disease control as well as assisting the radiologist to validate their initial diagnosis.
LEGAL, SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF LEGALIZATION OF SEXUAL SERVICES
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, �nyshko Oksana
Published: January 2021

The main legal ways to the socio-political regulation of sexual services (prostitution) in different countries are considered. The main problems facing the society of each state in the field of regulation of prostitutes activity, their so-called �curatores� and clients. The participation of the state in identifying and solving the problems of the sex industry are defined. It is determined that an important role in the legalization of prostitution is played not only by the legal but also by the moral and ethical aspects, which have a lot of limits in every society. Four models of prostitution regulation that exist in different countries of the world are analyzed. It is substantiated that not every model in itself is effective and is optimal for implementation. It depends of the legal system, level of consolidation of society and position of the government on this issue. Criminal liability for pimping, which exists in Ukraine, is only a small positive step in the fight against illegal profits related to the exploitation (voluntary or forced) of another person's body. The negative point in this area is the lack of social, medical and legal protection of prostitutes, as their clients are also at risk. So, the legalization on of the sexual services is necessary for our state, but it must be preceded by a series of successive authority�s steps: public dialogue on different public platforms, changes in legislation and government administrative decisions.
PRINCIPLES OF APPLICATION OF MEASURES OF BUDGETARY AND LEGAL COERCION
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Yesimov Serhii , Borovikova Vitalina ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the principles of application of budgetary coercive measures in the context of improving budgetary legislation in accordance with the requirements of the European Union. Budgetary and legal coercion, as a kind of state coercion, is a type of financial and legal coercion. It has all the features of the latter, developing in relation to specific budgetary relations; it acts not as an independent category of legal responsibility, but as a kind of financial and legal coercion. Budgetary and legal coercion is the external influence of the state, represented by authorized bodies, on the behavior of individual participants in the budgetary process concerning the application of measures of budgetary coercion, which impose additional encumbrances of property or organizational nature on the unfulfilled obligations provided by budgetary law, in order to ensure compliance with law and order in the budget sphere. The significance of the principles of law for the formation of normative and legal regulation of budgetary and legal coercion is considered. The principles of financial law and their influence on the formation of the principles of budgetary law are described. The general legal principles of application of measures of budgetary and legal coercion are analyzed; their role in establishment of budgetary and legal responsibility is defined. Based on the current legal framework, special principles for the application of budgetary coercive measures are determined, including those that have not been formally fixed in the Budget Code of Ukraine, but are fragmented in the normative and legal acts of budgetary legislation. With regard to budgetary offenses concerning measures of budgetary coercion, the principles of legality, priority of public interests, and division of functions in the field of financial activity on the basis of separation of powers play a special role. The main branch principle of budgetary law in the context of the implementation of measures of budgetary coercion is the principle of addressable and target nature of budgetary funds.
REVIEW ON THE MONOGRAPH OF OLEKSANDR TORBAS �DISCRETION IN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS OF UKRAINE: THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION AND PRACTICE OF IMPLEMENTATION�
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Hloviuk Iryna
Published: January 2021

Current period of development of the legal system of Ukraine is characterized by variability of legislation that regulates, in particular, organization of judicial system and implementation of criminal proceedings. Unfortunately, criminal procedure legislation is no exception, given how many changes and additions have been made to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine since its entry into force in 2020. Undoubtedly, like any other codified legal act, CPC of Ukraine in modern conditions cannot be unchanged, given the dynamics of public relations, the provisions of international law, decisions of ECtHR and number of attempts to solve identified problems of its application. Difficulties of criminal procedural law enforcement are manifested in such an area as the use of discretion of authorities in criminal proceedings, although without it application of legislation is ineffective. At the same time, lawful discretion in criminal proceedings should not turn into its opposite � arbitrariness, which will already violate rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities. In criminal proceedings, given the imperative method of legal regulation and possibility of various coercive measures, including those related to the restriction of constitutional human rights, this issue is of particular importance, given, inter alia, that prosecution�s discretion applies within non-adversarial procedure, and the CPC of Ukraine does not always provide for the possibility of appealing such decisions in court. The peer-reviewed monograph consists of four chapters, which contain 10 sections. Structuring of the monograph is logical; the author analyse problems of discretion from questions of concept, signs and limits of discretion, and then moves to the characteristic of realization of discretion by judge, prosecutor, investigator, detective. In general, without a doubt, the monograph of Torbas O. O. �Discretion in the criminal process of Ukraine: theoretical justification and practice of implementation� is relevant, complete and fundamental scientific work, has scientific and practical value. Monograph of Torbas O.O. significantly enriches criminal procedure doctrine regarding the subjects of criminal proceedings, criminal procedure decisions and other areas.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Tustiyani Isna , Nurhayati Triyani , Mutakin Jenal
Published: January 2021

Bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman hias. Salah satu cara mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan tanaman hias adalah dengan penggunaan zat penghambat pertumbuhan (retardan) paclobutrazol. Benih bunga matahari yang digunakan yaitu benih IPB BM1. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian paclobutrazol pada pertumbuhan tanaman bunga matahari serta mengetahui konsentrasi paclobutrazol terbaik pada pertumbuhan tanaman bunga matahari. Percobaan ini dilakukan di lahan sawah Kp. Sindang Sari Rt 001/Rw 006 dari bulan Maret sampai Juli 2019. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Pola Tunggal, dengan perlakuan paclobutrazol berbagai konsentrasi 0, 1 ml/L, 2 ml/L, 3 ml/L, 4 ml/, 5 ml/L. Variabel pengamatan yang diamati yaitu : tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah bunga, diameter bunga, dan umur muncul bunga. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa paclobutrazol berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan luas daun.
Helyi gazdaságfejlesztés összehasonlító perspektívában: Székesfehérvár–Veszprém–Tatabánya
Authors: Ványi Éva , Duró József , Várnagy Réka
Published: January 2021

Tanulmányunk célja, hogy egy összehasonlító kutatás eredményeit felhasználva bemutassa a Közép-Dunántúli régió három megyeszékhelyének – Székesfehérvár, Veszprém és Tatabánya – hálózatosodási lehetőségeit, a helyi vállalkozásfejlesztés tekintetében. A tanulmány alapjául szolgáló kutatás 2017–2018 között azt vizsgálta, hogy a három városban létezik-e egy-egy jellemző hálózatosodási minta a helyi gazdaságfejlesztési tevékenységükhöz kapcsolódóan. A szakirodalom a helyi gazdaságfejlődésre nagy hangsúlyt fektet az utóbbi években, a helyi gazdaság sikere meghatározó a nemzetgazdaságok sikere szempontjából is. A helyi gazdaságfejlődést azonban a megfelelő gazdasági adottságokon túl a helyi partnerségi hálózatok is meghatározzák. A klaszterirodalom a helyi gazdaság szempontjából fontos szereplők együttműködésének fontosságára hívja fel a figyelmet. Magyarországon a helyi gazdaságfejlesztés az önkormányzatok feladata. Kutatásunk során tehát azt vizsgáltuk, hogy a kiválasztott városokban kik vesznek részt az önkormányzat mellett a helyi gazdaságfejlesztési koncepciók kidolgozásában és megvalósításában, kik azok, akik kimaradnak, és miért. A kutatás alapján az egyes városokban különböző gazdaságfejlesztési partnerségi hálózatok működnek, azonban az mindhárom városra igaz, hogy alapvetően a kis- és közepes vállalkozások érzik legkevésbé megszólítva magukat a helyi gazdaságfejlesztés kapcsán.
Blockchain Technology in Healthcare Industry
Authors: Kumaraswamy Reddy , Manhar Advin
Published: January 2021

Blockchain is one of the most growing technologies that is playing a vital role in the professional world today. Blockchain is the technology that is going to revolutionize many industries in the future including healthcare. It is simply defined as a decentralized, distributed ledger that records the provenance of a digital asset. Blockchain is used as a backbone for many industries such as cryptocurrencies, bitcoin, and many more. Although its capability and application have to be extended far beyond. The objective of blockchain is to allow digital information to be recorded and distributed, but not edited.
In the last couple of years many industries finding new ways to implement blockchain technology with a wide range of domains. And this sudden increase in technology also provided many new application opportunities, including financial services, smart contracts, energy trading, supply chain, healthcare, etc.
In this paper, we know briefly about blockchain technologies and some of their applications. We also show how blockchain is going to revolutionize the healthcare industry in the future.
Data security and integrity in cloud computing : Threats and Solutions
Authors: Sadavarte Rajesh Keshavrao , Kurundkar G. D.
Published: January 2021

Cloud computing changed the world of Internet. With the help of cloud computing user can easily share, store and retrieve their data from anywhere. Cloud computing is scalable, fast, flexible, and cost-effective technology platform for IT enabled services over the internet. Cloud computing provides hardware, software and infrastructural storage to many users at a time Most of the times cloud users don’t know the exact location of their data or the sources of data stored with their data. In spite of various benefits that are provided by the cloud computing services, its users are very much afraid about the security of their data once it is over the cloud under the control of third-party vendors. Therefore, many data security and integrity concerns like access control, searchable encryption techniques, key management, ownership proofs and remote integrity check arise.
This paper discusses the security and integrity of data in cloud computing. It is a study of aspects related to data security. The paper will go in to details of few data protection methods and approaches used throughout the world to ensure maximum data protection by reducing risks and threats. Going ahead the paper also discuss different techniques used for secured data storage on cloud.
Itinerário Terapêutico de Mulheres com Câncer do Colo do Útero: uma Abordagem Focada na Prevenção
Authors: Ribeiro Maria das Graças Martins , Santos Sueli Maria dos Reis , Teixeira Maria Teresa Bustamante
Published: January 2021

Introdução: O Brasil tem realizado esforços crescentes para melhorar a eficiência dos programas de prevenção do câncer do colo do útero, visando à modificação das altas taxas de incidência e mortalidade por esse tipo de câncer, entretanto as medidas adotadas não têm obtido os resultados esperados. Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o itinerário terapêutico de mulheres com câncer do colo do útero focando a prevenção. Método: Foi adotado, como percurso metodológico, a abordagem qualitativa e o método “História de Vida”, mediante entrevista aberta. As entrevistadas foram mulheres em tratamento para o câncer do colo do útero em um hospital especializado no tratamento do câncer, localizado em um município de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram analisados após categorização temática. Resultados: Evidenciaram-se diversos motivos que levaram a maioria das mulheres a não realizar a prevenção. Entre eles, ressaltase o conceito que emergiu de saúde, doença e prevenção, o desconhecimento sobre o exame preventivo, os fatores culturais e sociais frente a questões de gênero, a qualidade dos atendimentos e organização dos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: Percebe-se que a questão de prevenção não é simplesmente uma escolha, mas uma decisão envolvendo emoções, experiências, conhecimento e circunstâncias, mediadas pelo contexto social, cultural, político, econômico e por avaliações das respostas obtidas no serviço, sendo realizada entre as possibilidades acessíveis.
The Tilapia-Prawn Polyculture: Its Development in Mexico
Authors: Asiain-Hoyos A. , Reta-Mendiola J. L. , García-Sánchez A. I. , Domínguez-Mora J.
Published: January 2021

Objective: Analyze the productive development performed by two aquatic species of recent introduction in our country, the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), arguing their potential under mono and polyculture systems.
Design/methodology/approximation: The bibliographic meta-analysis was developed searching information on the internet, and is presented in a chronological manner with the analysis of the technological, social and political dimensions, visualizing the benefits and advantages of applying the polyculture production system.
Results: A data base on the development of the tilapia-freshwater prawn polyculture in our country was obtained. Mexico presents the required physical characteristics for both species production. Thus, polyculture allows the use of the same infrastructure, resulting in a better productivity and income.
Limitations of the study/implications: Polyculture information registered on electronic media was scarce.
Findings/conclusions: The polyculture production of the Malaysian prawn and tilapia is a profitable option for the aquaculture producer in tropical areas of Mexico
Multidimensional Thinking Paradigm in Multicultural Education (Study of the Thought of Musa Asy'arie)
Authors: Zaprulkhan Zaprulkhan
Published: January 2021

The multidimensional educational paradigm departs from the understanding that human nature is multidimensional as material and spiritual beings, economic beings, political creatures, social beings, and also religious beings. Likewise, the problems faced in real life are multidimensional in nature including economic, social, cultural, legal, political and religious issues. To deal with these multidimensional humanitarian problems, undoubtedly requires a multidimensional thinking paradigm that is capable of providing multidimensional solutions. One of the application strategies for multidimensional thinking in the realm of education is to implement multicultural education. Therefore, this short article will discuss the multidimensional thinking paradigm of Musa Asy’arie's perspective in the field of multicultural education.

Paradigma pendidikan multidimensi berangkat dari pemahaman bahwa hakikat manusia multidimensi sebagai makhluk material dan spiritual, makhluk ekonomi, makhluk politik, makhluk sosial, dan juga makhluk religius. Begitu pula dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam kehidupan nyata yang bersifat multidimensi antara lain masalah ekonomi, sosial, budaya, hukum, politik dan agama. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan kemanusiaan yang multidimensi tersebut, niscaya dibutuhkan paradigma berpikir multidimensi yang mampu memberikan solusi multidimensi. Salah satu strategi penerapan pemikiran multidimensi dalam ranah pendidikan adalah dengan melaksanakan pendidikan multikultural. Oleh karena itu, artikel singkat ini akan membahas paradigma berpikir multidimensi perspektif Musa Asy'arie dalam bidang pendidikan multikultural.
Repetition Analysis within the poem"Merindukanmu" in the Poetry Anthology of Parrots
Authors: Amin Kasma , Nurfadila Putri
Published: January 2021

Creating a poem must understand a language style that is attractive to the reader. This study aims to describe the types of repetitive language styles used in poetry. The method used is a content analysis method with a structural approach. The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, and sentences contained in the poem 'Merindukanmu'. The research result shows a picture of refraction in the creation of the poem 'Merindukanmu'.
A Parking Man Language Towards Scollon and Scollon’s Theory
Authors: Bazergan Emma
Published: January 2021

The research objectives are to know the grammaticality English expressions on the T-shirt.  To get the information effects of good message contents of slogan are discovered in young generations’ T-shirt. To get the information effects of bad message contents of slogan are discovered in young generations’ T-shirt In this thesis, the writer used descriptive method to take the sample. Then, the writer observed the expression in the several access areas and explained the opinions by young generations, till it can take some causes of the effect. Hereafter, the research processed the data by analyzing carefully. The finding of this research, it has result the statements of the grammaticality are rarely to use it. It usually written is non-standard in English such as: deliberate misspelling, slang. Then, good and bad effect can be covered into our feeling like: being proud, confidence, motivated, etc. so, it can arrangement our mindset even our act.
Nilai Estetika Al-qur’an dan pengaruhnya terhadap Jiwa
Authors: Malla Agussalim Beddu
Published: January 2021

Al Quran merupakan sebuah kitab suci bagi umat Islam, yang disampaikan Allah SWT kepada Rasulullah dengan perantaraan malaikat Jibril. Kitab ini merupakan petujuk dan aturan hidup yang paling sempurna, yang diturunkan untuk membimbing manusia ke arah kebahagiaan dan kebaikan. Ayat-ayat dalam Kitab Al Quran menggunakan bahasa Arab dan susunan kalimat-kalimatnya mengandung nilai sastra yang sangat sempurna. Aspek seni dalam al-qur’an bukan hanya gambaran alam semesta yang selalu ditampilkan, akan tetapi pengaruh  kepada jiwa pembaca dan pendengar baik yang faham atapun tidak faham maknanya, itulah aspek lain dari kemukjizatan al-Qur’an.
Investigating EFL Students’ Language Politeness in Their English-Speaking Practices: A Study on Grade X Students of SMA 1 Parangloe Gowa District
Authors: Mazhud Nurfathana , Akidah Ihramsari
Published: January 2021

The importance of language politeness is not just refining words, but conveying things that honestly reflect the pattern of civilized society. Language politeness is a very important aspect in shaping students' language and character. Assessment of language politeness is the ability of children to speak and with whom they speak. Speaking skills in students' language politeness can be seen when they communicate daily in both formal and non-formal environments. The age of children at the high school level is a period when thinking is full of idealism, so that this period requires personality formation to achieve positive behavior change, one of which is good communication behavior in the surrounding environment. Therefore, research on speaking skills in fostering language politeness among class X SMA Negeri 1 Parangloe becomes very meaningful for saving, habituation, and developing character values in realizing a civilized nation. This study aims to determine the language politeness of class X students of Sma Negeri 1 Parangloe during their learning interactions in class.  The data analysis technique used with a qualitative approach is literature study to analyze the results of the student's conversation transcription in the learning process. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that 1) The learning process at SMA Negeri 1 Parangloe, in general, students have high self-confidence to speak in public so that vocabulary is needed to be balanced with language politeness. 2) The most typical form of language behavior occurs during face-to-face conversations between people who come from the same culture so that the principles of politeness are applied in the learning process.
Assessment of the Ukrainian regional infrastructure development taking intoaccountitsinclusiveness
Authors: Tsymbaliuk Iryna , Alghadhywi Mohammed Younus Hasan
Published: January 2021

The main ideas and principles of inclusive development are revealed in this paper It is proved that the main condition for the transition of the Ukrainian regions to the principles of inclusive growth is the provision of developed inclusive infrastructure. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the system of quantitative indicators that reflect the prospects for achieving the goals and objectives of infrastructure development in the region as an important component and prerequisite for inclusive growth. Based on the methodology proposed in the paper, the analysis of infrastructural development of the Ukrainian regions as a basis for inclusive growth is carried out. It is proved that in order to involve the maximum number of the population in the development processes, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions, which are provided by the developed infrastructure. Due to indicators of construction development, transport infrastructure, passenger and cargo turnover, the level of the population coverage with Internet services, preschool educational institutions for children; development of higher education, accessibility of medical services and health care, an index of infrastructural development of the region has been formed, which reflects the possibility of including all segments of the population in productive activities and creating conditions for growth. Significant asymmetry of infrastructural development between the regions of Ukraine has been revealed, which puts them in unequal conditions for achieving inclusive growth. It is stated that the solution of this problem is possible only with the active state support and improvement of mechanisms for financing regional development projects from the State budget. The main results presented in the paper are obtained during the research «Fiscal space of inclusive development of the region» and «Security of sustainable development of regions and territorial communities of Ukraine in the context of decentralization on the basis of inclusive growth», within which the author systematizes goals, objectives and indicators of quantitative assessment of the achievement of prospects for regions inclusive development.
Dollarization in Central and Eastern European countries: essence, genesis, interrelation
Authors: Sheludko S. , Babych T.
Published: January 2021

The paper is devoted to scientific-theoretical and econometric analysis of dollarization on the example of Central and Eastern European countries. The views of scientists on the essence of the investigated category are generalized; the presence of high degree pluralism, particularly among Ukrainian researchers is determined. The authors’ definition, according to which the necessary conditions for dollarization in the economy such as: the recognition by residents the ability of foreign currency to perform one or more national money’s functions and systematic use of such currency in cash and/or non-cash circulation is given. Three-dimensional classification of dollarization, consistent with the modern money theory, according to the criteria of penalty, state recognition and performance of specific money’s functions is presented. Genesis and manifestations of inferred types are investigated. The global level of commitment to the U.S. dollar as the most common settlement and reserve currency is defined according to the global statistics of cross-border payments and the currency composition of the official central banks’ reserves. Methodological approaches for determining the level of dollarization of the economy, the most common of which – dollarization of money supply according to IMF and external debt–to–GDP ratio illustrated by statistics of 9 Central and Eastern European countries with own currencies are analyzed. It is determined that the high level of dollarization indicates the substitutionary competition between national and foreign money, where the latter are considered as a key factor for entering the global financial and commodity markets. According to the results of construction, estimation and re-estimation of BVAR dollarization model of Ukraine, Belarus, Poland and Russia, the significant causal relationship between the share of the currency component in the money supply of Russia and Poland and the corresponding indicators of Belarus and Ukraine is proved. This substantiates the previous conclusions about the unity of the dollarization evolutionary logic in historically close economies. The need for further empirical research of provoking and restraining factors of dollarization in Central and Eastern European countries is emphasized.
Культовое здание караимов будет сохранено
Authors: Звездин Александр
Published: January 2021

Председатель Совета министров АРК Виктор Плакида провел рабочее совещание в здании, где будет размещен радиодом ГТРК «Крым». Глава правительства, генеральный директор ГТРК «Крым» Михаил Шматов, первый заместитель генерального директора ГТРК «Крым» Николай Романови представители подрядной организации «Дакар -99» ознакомилисьсхо дом подготовительных работ по реконструкции здания на территории ГТРК «Крым».
Czasem we śnie widzę Kale...
Authors: Kokenaj Borys , Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

Głód w 1922 r. zmusił go do opuszczenia rodzinnych stron. Ale wracał do nich przy każdej okazji, próbując ocalić karaimskie dziedzictwo dawnego Krymu.
W służbie narodu
Authors: Eliaszewicz Borys
Published: January 2021

Ostatnie lata przed wojną i rewolucją, początki życia w nowej, radzieckiej rzeczywistości oraz powrót po latach do Eupatorii. Oto druga część biografii zasłużonego działacza i hazzana.
Niezwykła historia miłosna
Authors: Abrahamowicz-Pilecka Hanna
Published: January 2021

Rozdzieliła ich sowiecka władza, wojna i żelazna kurtyna. Gdy Zofii nie udało się przedostać na Zachód, do Jerzego, ten przyjechał do niej. Ich miłość trwała do ostatnich chwil życia.
Nominacje w trockiej kienesie
Authors: Szpakowski Romuald
Published: January 2021

19 maja br., po raz pierwszy od wielu lat odbyła się w Trokach podniosła uroczystość nadania tytułu ochuwczu przedstawcielom młodszego pokolenia.
Ogień i woda w przysłowiach karaimskich
Authors: Stanek Kamila
Published: January 2021

Jak dawni Karaimi postrzegali te dwa żywioły? Co ludowe madrości mówią o ludziach, z których ust niegdyś padały?
O kienesach wczoraj i dziś w Noc Świątyń
Authors: Dubiński Adam J.
Published: January 2021

Noc Świątyń to wydarzenie organizowane w ramach obchodów Europejskiego Dnia Przeciw Nietolerancji Religijnej i Islamofobii, Międzynarodowego Dnia Pokoju oraz Dnia Modlitwy o Pokój. W tegorocznej, czwartej już edycji imprezy wzięła udział mniejszość karaimska. W tym roku podczas
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ АНАЛІЗУ ТА КОНТРОЛЮ ЗА РИНКОМ АЛКОГОЛЬНИХ НАПОЇВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Панасюк О. В.
Published: January 2021

У статті досліджено сучасний стан розвитку алкогольного ринку в Україні. Виокремлено проблеми державного регулювання окремих сегментів цього ринку, а також визначено передумови виникнення нелегального обігу алкогольних напоїв та підходи до оцінювання бюджетних втрат від нього. Обґрунтовано необхідність удосконалення інституційного забезпечення протидії нелегальному обігу алкогольних напоїв поряд з упровадженням нових підходів до здійснення контрольно-наглядової діяльності на алкогольному ринку. Запропоновано інструментарій підвищення ефективності акцизного оподаткування алкогольного ринку.
Corruption as a Factor Forming the Level of Domestic Trust: Topological Model and Regressional Analysis
Authors: Yegorova N.Y. , Koroleva E.A. , Gorlov A.V.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the concepts of trust and corruption in society and explores the interdependence between them using the international Edelman Trust Barometer (ETB) Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). Research methods are: 1) the topological model proposed by the authors, built on the averaged values of these indices; 2) correlation and regression analysis; 3) scenario approach based on the formation of «range corridors». The analysis of the topological model was carried out, on the basis of which the zones of low, medium and high levels of corruption were identified, with a characteristic specific type of relationship between the ETB and CPI indices; the general view of the dependence of the level of trust on corruption in the form of a horizontal S-shaped curve is approximately defined. Statistically significant linear regression equations were obtained, reflecting the relationship of the considered indices for three countries (Germany, Colombia, France).
Review- The periodontal pathogen Treponema denticola: an atherosclerosis risk factor
Authors: Santos Pâmela Beatriz do Rosário Estevam dos , Lima Patrícia Michelle Nagai de , Palma Ana Luiza do Rosário , Hasna Amjad Abu , Rossoni Rodnei Dennis , Junqueira Juliana Campos , Oliveira Luciane Dias de
Published: January 2021

Objective: Treponema denticola “T. denticola” is a pathogen associated with periodontal diseases that exhibits capacity for adherence, invasion, and colonization of host tissues, which allows alternating its location and damage in different sites of human body. This review aimed to discuss different studies that detected T. denticola in atherosclerotic plaques, demonstrating the importance of periodontal disease on the systemic health and the necessity of exploring the outcome of this colonization apart from the oral cavity. Methodology: Fifty-five studies were identified and gathered in this review according to the following topics: Periodontal disease, atherosclerosis and T. denticola. In vitro and in vivo studies published between 2002 and 2020 were searched on PubMed, raising relevant insights about the role of T. denticola and its association with the systemic disease, atherosclerosis, focusing on the bacterial tissue invasion and development of atherosclerosis. Results: After bibliographic review, it was possible to identify studies demonstrating the presence of T. denticola and other oral pathogens in cardiac or vascular tissues and in blood serum, as well, there is research in which other evidence of a relationship with atherosclerosis is shown. Conclusion: The invasion of periodontal pathogens and its toxins associated to the host’s immune and inflammatory response may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.
Partial migration of a maraena whitefish Coregonus maraena population from the River Elbe, Germany
Authors: Gerson M , Dierking J , Marohn L , Thiel R , Klügel A , Sarrazin V
Published: January 2021

The maraena whitefish Coregonus maraena is a threatened anadromous species in the North Sea, which in the past was decimated to near extinction. Since the late 1980s, several re-establishment programs have been implemented in rivers draining into the North Sea, but the scientific basis for sustainable conservation measures is often lacking, since little is known about the biology of this species. In this study, otolith microchemistry of fish ranging from 24.6 to 58.4 cm in total length (median 31.3 cm, SD 8.4 cm) was used to characterize the migration behavior of a reintroduced population of maraena whitefish from the River Elbe, Germany. Our analyses revealed the presence of 3 different migration patterns: (1) one-time migration into high-salinity habitat (North Sea) within the first year of life (29.6%), (2) multiple migrations between low- and high-salinity habitats starting in the first year of life (14.8%) and (3) permanent residency within low-salinity habitats, a pattern displayed by the majority (55.6%) of sampled individuals. Not only do these results reveal differential migration behavior, but they also indicate that permanent river residency is common in the River Elbe population of C. maraena. The role of the Elbe as both a feeding and a spawning habitat should thus be considered more explicitly in current conservation measures to support recovery of this species.
Embryo deformities and nesting trends in Kemp’s ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys kempii before and after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Authors: Shaver DJ , Gredzens C , Walker JS , Godard-Codding CAJ , Yacabucci JE , Frey A , Dutton PH , Schmitt CJ
Published: January 2021

Kemp’s ridley sea turtlesLepidochelys kempiiwere disproportionately affected by theDeepwater Horizon(DWH) oil spill, which began on 20 April 2010. Embryo deformities were documented in inviableL. kempiieggs before (2008-2010) and after (2011-2013) the DWH spill in 2 Texas (USA) nesting areas (Upper Texas Coast and Padre Island National Seashore). Additional nesting trends, including clutch size and hatching success, were also investigated. Total and late-stage embryo deformity prevalence were 1.5 times greater after 2010 than before, but low in all nesting seasons (mean ± SD: 0.7 ± 8.5% total; 0.6 ± 8.0% late-stage) and did not differ between locations. Craniofacial and carapace deformities were the most frequently observed deformity types. Documented nests in both areas declined in 2010 relative to previous years, ending an exponential increase observed beginning in 1995. Clutch size remained consistent before and after the spill. Hatching success averaged 87.0 ± 33.3% in all years, but no effects from DWH were determined. Collectively, these data represent useful benchmarks against which to judge impacts of future crude oil spills and other catastrophic events.
Similar Effects of Lamotrigine and Phenytoin against Cortical
Epileptic Foci in Immature Rats
Authors: Bernášková K , Mareš P
Published: January 2021

Action of antiepileptic drugs in immature brain may differ from
that in adult brain. The aim of our study was to study an
anticonvulsant action of lamotrigine and phenytoin, i.e. two drugs
active against partial seizures in adult experimental animals as
well as human patients, in a model of simple partial seizures in
immature rats. Epileptic foci were induced by local application of
bicuculline methiodide on sensorimotor cortical area of 12-dayold rat pups. The animals were pretreated with lamotrigine (LTG,
10 or 20 mg/kg i.p.) or phenytoin (PHT, 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg i.p.).
Control rats for LTG received saline, controls for PHT solvent
composed of propyleneglycol, ethanol and water. Influence of
either drug on interictal activity was negligible. High doses of
both LTG and PHT suppressed the transition into ictal phases and
shortened the duration of persisting seizures. The tricomponent
solvent exhibited moderate activity against ictal activity if
compared with saline controls. The two drugs exhibited similar
action in our model, i.e. the suppression of secondary
generalization from epileptic focus. This action is comparable to
that described for human patients and adult experimental
animals. In favor of lamotrigine speaks the absence of serious
side effects.
Lower Serum Levels of Interleukin-6 in a Population Sample
with Symptoms of Depression Than in a Population Sample
without Symptoms of Depression
Authors: Podlipný J , Hess Z , Vrzalová J , Rosolová H , Beran J , Petrlová B
Published: January 2021

In this study we compared the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in population samples
characterized by a high or low level of self-reported depression. We
measured serum IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α in two cohorts which
differed in scoring on the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale
(ZSDS). The group with a high score in ZSDS (average SDS index
= 62.9) was called DEP (n=27), the group with a low score in
ZSDS (average SDS index = 29.9) was called NDEP (n=16). The
groups did not significantly differ in age, waist circumference and
body mass index. For the assessment of serum cytokine levels
multiplex immunoanalytic xMAP(LUMINEX) technology was used.
We found lower IL-6 in the DEP group (medians; DEP 4.08 pg/ml
vs. NDEP 6.11 pg/ml) on the border of statistical significance in
multiple regression analysis (p=0.049). Serum levels of all other
studied cytokines were not significantly different (medians; IL-8:
DEP 2.18 pg/ml vs. NDEP 2.61 pg/ml; IL-10: DEP 2.85 pg/ml vs.
NDEP 2.94 pg/ml; TNF-α: DEP 2.32 pg/ml vs. NDEP 2.30 pg/ml).
These results are in contradiction to the prevailing opinion that proinflammatory cytokine levels are elevated in people with symptoms
of depression.
Late Effect of Early Hypoxic Disturbance in the Rat Heart: Gender
Differences
Authors: Netuka I , Szárszoi O , Malý J , Říha H , Turek D , Ošťádalová I , Ošťádal B
Published: January 2021

Perinatal hypoxemia may have serious long-term effects on the
adult cardiovascular system and may lead to sex-dependent
changes in cardiac tolerance to acute ischemia in adult life. The
aim of the study was to answer the question whether
gonadectomy of the male and female rats in the early phase of
ontogenetic development affects the late effect of perinatal
hypoxia. Pregnant Wistar rats were placed into a normobaric
hypoxic chamber (12 % O2) 7 days before the expected date of
delivery. Newborn pups were kept in the chamber with their
mothers for another 5 days after birth. After hypoxic exposure all
animals were kept for 3 months in room air. Some of the pups
were gonadectomized right after removal from the hypoxic
chamber. Ventricular arrhythmias were assessed on isolated
perfused hearts. Castration did not influence arrhythmogenesis in
the adult normoxic or perinatally hypoxic female hearts.
Nevertheless, the number of arrhythmias was decreased in
perinatally hypoxic gonadectomized males. In conclusion, we
have shown that perinatal normobaric hypoxia increased cardiac
tolerance to acute ischemia in adult male rats; however, it had
no late effect in females. Gonadectomy did not affect
arrhythmogenesis in both normoxic and hypoxic female hearts,
whereas in males significantly decreased the number of
arrhythmias.
Sex vs Gender: A Biological Location for Gender, not Sex.
Authors: Woodhill Bobbi , Samuels Curtis
Published: January 2021

The origins of bodily sex are well understood but consensus on origins for gender are missing. While gonadal sex and sexual orientation are accepted as emanating from genetic and hormonal templates, gender’s existence, when it is acknowledged, currently has so far emanated from either social origins or a nebulous ‘somewhere’ in the brain. Although the characteristics of sex-related behavior relative to the physicality of reproduction are clearly dimorphic, other cognitive behaviors relative to reproduction have not been explicitly identified and presented. This article synthesizes important research to present a biological location of gender as opposed to sex. These cognitive behaviors can be differentially linked with reproduction throughout the lifespan. A physiological location for gender in the human phenotype may help advance this research further.
Curcumin-Induced Global Profiling of Transcriptomes in Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Mo Fei , Xiao Yinan , Zeng Hao , Fan Dian , Song Jinen , Liu Xiaobei , Luo Meng , Ma Xuelei
Published: January 2021

Background

Curcumin, one of the promising candidates for supplementary therapy in cancer treatment, has been demonstrated by numerous preclinical and clinical evidence to be beneficial in treating various cancers. Apart from the critical role in a deluge of pathological processes, some mRNAs, in particular, microRNAs (miRNAs), are also involved in the anti-tumor activity. Therefore, our research focused on the possible effects of curcumin on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells and drew a comprehensive transcriptomes profile by high throughput sequencing to understand the molecular mechanism of curcumin as an anti-tumor agent.

Methods

First, we calculated the apoptosis rate of H446 cells (a human SCLC cell line) cultured with curcumin. The high output sequencing uncovered the altered expression profile of genes and miRNAs. KEGG analysis selected the potential signal pathway associated with the antiproliferative property of curcumin. Finally, miRNAs significantly changed, as well as the regulatory roles of those miRNAs in cell apoptosis were determined.

Result

The apoptosis rate of H446 cells increased under the elevated concentration of curcumin treatment. And cell cycle-related genes downregulated in the curcumin-treated cells. Besides, miRNA-548ah-5p of a high level acted as a negative role in the anticarcinogenic activity of curcumin.

Conclusion

Our findings not only enriched the understanding of anti-tumor activity initiated by curcumin through figuring out the downregulated cell cycle-related pathways but also shed light on its novel therapeutic application.
Artesunate Suppresses the Proliferation and Development of Estrogen Receptor-α-Positive Endometrial Cancer in HAND2-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Yin Xianghua , Liu Yan , Qin Jiarui , Wu Yixuan , Huang Jiayan , Zhao Qi , Dang Tingting , Tian Yacui , Yu Ping , Huang Xiyue
Published: January 2021

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common leading cause of cancer-related death in women, which is associated with the increased level of estrogen in the body. Artesunate (ART), an active compound derived fromArtemisia annuaL., exerted antitumor properties in several cancer types. However, the role of artesunate and the molecular basis on EC remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms of artesunate. Our results identified that estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) was a key factor for the type I EC (ER-α-positive), which might suppress the downstream LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway. Besides, we found ART significantly inhibited tumor proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies identified that ART led to tumor cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by downregulating the ER-α expression and activating the LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway. In addition, we found ART could increase the expression of heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 (HAND2) in the ER-α-positive EC cells, which could interact with ER-α. Through the gain-and loss-function experiments, we showed that over expression of HAND2 repressed the proliferation and migration of ER-α-positive EC cells via inhibition of ER-α expression. HAND2 knockdown increased ER-α expression and alleviated the antitumor effect of ARTin vitroandin vivo. Overall, our study first showed that ART could be an effective antitumor agent through modulating ER-α-mediated LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway in the HAND2 dependent manner. Our findings provide an effective therapeutic agent for ER-α-positive EC treatment.
Simulating Quantum Vibronic Dynamics at Finite Temperatures With Many Body Wave Functions at 0 K
Authors: Dunnett Angus J. , Chin Alex W.
Published: January 2021

For complex molecules, nuclear degrees of freedom can act as an environment for the electronic “system” variables, allowing the theory and concepts of open quantum systems to be applied. However, when molecular system-environment interactions are non-perturbative and non-Markovian, numerical simulations of the complete system-environment wave function become necessary. These many body dynamics can be very expensive to simulate, and extracting finite-temperature results—which require running and averaging over many such simulations—becomes especially challenging. Here, we present numerical simulations that exploit a recent theoretical result that allows dissipative environmental effects at finite temperature to be extracted efficiently from a single, zero-temperature wave function simulation. Using numerically exact time-dependent variational matrix product states, we verify that this approach can be applied to vibronic tunneling systems and provide insight into the practical problems lurking behind the elegance of the theory, such as the rapidly growing numerical demands that can appear for high temperatures over the length of computations.