bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus Removal and Carbon Dioxide Capture in a Pilot Conventional Septic System Upgraded with a Sidestream Steel Slag Filter
Authors: Claveau-Mallet Dominique , Seltani Hatim , Comeau Yves
Published: November 2019

The objective of this work was to evaluate the removal of phosphorus and carbon dioxide capture of a conventional septic system upgraded with a sidestream steel slag filter used in recirculation mode. A pilot scale sidestream experiment was conducted with two septic tank and drainfield systems, one with and one without a sidestream slag filter. The experimental system was fed with real domestic wastewater. Recirculation ratios of 25%, 50% and 75% were tested. Limestone soils and silica soils were used as drainfield media. The phosphorus removal efficiency observed in the second compartment of the septic tank was 30% in the slag filter upgraded system, compared to -3% in the control system. The drainfield of silica soils achieved very high phosphorus removal in both control and upgraded systems. In the drainfield of limestone soil, the slag filtration reduced the groundwater phosphorus contamination load by up to 75%. Phosphorus removal in the septic tank with a slag filter was attributed to either sorption on newly precipitated calcium carbonate or precipitation of vivianite, or both. Recirculation ratio design criteria were proposed based on simulations. Simulations showed that the steel slag filter partly inhibited biological production of carbon dioxide in the septic tank. The influent alkalinity strongly influenced the recirculation ratio needed to raise the pH in the septic tank. The control septic tank produced carbon dioxide, whereas the slag filter upgraded septic tank was a carbon dioxide sink.
Hydrogenation Production from Ammonia Borane over PtNi Alloy Nanoparticles Immobilized on Graphite Carbon Nitride
Authors: Zhang Mingya , Xiao Xue , Wu Yan , An Yue , Xu Lixin , Wan Chao
Published: November 2019

Graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) supported PtNi alloy nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated via a facile and simple impregnation and chemical reduction method and explored their catalytic performance towards hydrogen evolution from ammonia borane (AB). Interestingly, the resultant Pt0.5Ni0.5/g-C3N4 catalyst affords superior performance, including 100% conversion, 100% H2 selectivity, yielding the extraordinary initial total turnover frequency (TOF) of 250.8 molH2 min-1 (molPt)-1 for hydrogen evolution from AB at 10 °C, a relatively low activation energy of 38.09 kJ mol−1, and a remarkable reusability (at least 10 times), which surpass most of the noble metal heterogeneous catalysts. This notably improved activity is attributed to the charge interaction between PtNi NPs and g-C3N4 support. Especially, the nitrogen-containing functional groups on g-C3N4, serving as the anchoring sites for PtNi NPs, may be beneficial for becoming a uniform distribution and decreasing the particle size for the NPs. Our work not only provides a cost-effective route for constructing high-performance catalysts towards the hydrogen evolution of AB but also prompts the utilization of g-C3N4 in energy fields.
Root System of Olive Trees ( Olea Europaed L.) Based on Runoff Harvesting System During Dry Period
Authors: Nguyen Hung-Phi , Nguyen Bich Thao
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a study of a field trial experiment at olive orchard irrigated by runoff harvesting system under a dry climate which was carried out on 5-year-old olive trees (Olea europaea. L, cv. Barnea) in the middle of Negev desert, starting right after the floods, onwards during the summer growing season. The beginning of the experiment occurred after 2 years with little rain and no run-off events. The olive trees were under severe drought stress when we first initiated controlled flooding in 2017. In the second research year (2018), a massive natural flood had occurred at the end of April. Results show that the water distribution within the soil was highly inhomogeneous even under flood conditions. Soil water loss rate, due to transpiration was mainly correlated with the total amount of soil water and not atmospheric conditions. The relative root water uptake from shallow soil layers (0.3-1.5m) gradually reduced along the season, while the relative water uptake from the deeper layers (1.5-4m) became more pronounced.
Suicide Overall and Suicide by Pesticide among South Korean Workers: A 15-Year Population-Based Study
Authors: Kim Yangwoo , Min Jeehee , Lee Soo-Jin
Published: November 2019

Suicide is a major public health concern in South Korea, and self-poisoning by pesticides is one of the common methods of suicide. Pesticide ban policies have been successful for suicide prevention; however, no studies have shown their effect according to occupational groups. The present study analyzed suicide and suicide by pesticide rates among South Korean workers age 15-64 in 2003-2017, their associations with occupational groups, and the impact of three major economic indices on these factors. Workers in the agriculture, forestry, and fishery industries have relative risks of 5.62 (95% CI: 5.54-5.69) for suicide overall and 25.49 (95% CI: 24.46-26.57) for suicide by pesticide. The real gross domestic product (RGDP) has a positive association with suicide overall only in the last five-year period investigated in this study, and the unemployment rate consistently has a positive association. The economic status and policy for suicide prevention affect suicide and suicide by pesticide rates differently among occupational groups and different time periods. Policy addressing suicidal risk for different occupational groups should be of concern in South Korea.
On Massive MIMO for Low Power Wide Area Networks
Authors: Pereira de Figueiredo Felipe Augusto , Ferreira Dias Claudio , moerman ingrid , Rodrigues de Lima Eduardo , Fraidenraich Gustavo
Published: November 2019

The use of large-scale antenna arrays grants considerable benefits in energy and spectral efficiency to wireless systems due to spatial resolution and array gain techniques. By assuming a dominant line-of-sight environment in a massive MIMO scenario with favorable propagation, we derive analytical expressions for the sum-capacity. % Then, we show that convenient simplifications on the sum-capacity expressions are possible when working at low and high SNR regimes. % Furthermore, in the case of a high SNR regime, it is demonstrated that the Gamma PDF can approximate the PDF of the instantaneous channel sum-capacity as the number of BS antennas grows. A second important demonstration presented in this work is that a Gamma PDF can also be used to approximate the PDF of the summation of the channel's singular values as the number of devices increases. Finally, it is important to highlight that the presented framework is useful for LPWAN's as we show that the transmit power of each device can be made inversely proportional to the number of BS antennas.
PRIPRO: A Comparison of Classification Algorithms for Managing Receiving Notifications in Smart Environments
Authors: Martins João Antonio , Ochôa Iago Sestrem , Silva Luis Augusto , Mendes André Filipe Sales , Gonzalez Gabriel Villarrubia , De Paz Juan Francisco , Leithardt Valderi Reis Quietinho
Published: November 2019

With the evolution of technology over the years, it has become possible to develop intelligent environments based on the concept of the Internet of Things, distributed systems, and machine learning. Such environments are incorporated with various solutions to solve user demands from services. One of these solutions is UBIPRI middleware, whose central concept is to maintain privacy in smart environments and to receive notifications as one of its services. However, this service is freely performed, disregarding the privacy that the environment employs. Another consideration is that based on the researched related works, it was possible to identify that the authors do not use statistical hypothesis tests in their solutions developed in the presented context. This work proposes an architecture for notification management in smart environments, composed by a notification manager named PRIPRO to assign it to UBIPRI and to aim to perform tests and comparisons between classification algorithms to delimit which one is most feasible to implement in the PRINM decision-making mechanism. The experiments showed that the J48 algorithm obtained the best results compared to the other algorithms tested and compared.
Antibody Screening by Microarray Technology – Direct Identification of Selective High-Affinity Clones
Authors: Paul Martin , Weller Michael G.
Published: November 2019

The primary screening of hybridoma cells is a time-critical and laborious step during the development of monoclonal antibodies. Often critical errors occur in this phase, which supports the notion that the generation of monoclonal antibodies with hybridoma technology is difficult to control and hence a risky venture. We think that it is crucial to improve the screening process to eliminate most of the immanent deficits of the conventional approach. With this new microarray-based procedure, several advances could be achieved: Selectivity for excellent binders, high throughput, reproducible signals, avoidance of misleading avidity (multivalency) effects, and simultaneous performance of competition experiments. The latter can directly be used to select clones of desired cross-reactivity properties. In this paper, a model system with two excellent clones against carbamazepine, two weak clones and blank supernatant has been designed to examine the effectiveness of the new system. The excellent clones could be detected largely independent of the IgG concentration, which is unknown during the clone screening since the determination and subsequent adjustment of the antibody concentration is not possible in most cases. Furthermore, in this approach, the enrichment, isolation, and purification of IgG for characterization is not necessary. Raw cell culture supernatant can be used directly, even when fetal calf serum (FCS) or other complex media had been used. In addition, an improved method for the oriented antibody-immobilization on epoxy-silanized slides is presented. Based on the results of this model system, we conclude that this approach should be preferable to most other protocols leading to many of false positives, causing expensive and lengthy confirmation steps to weed out the poor clones.
Smart Community & Smart Dashboard to Support Slow Tourism: The Case Study of Santa Barbara Walk (Sardinia, Italy)
Authors: Balletto Ginevra , Milesi Alessandra , Ladu Mara , Borruso Giuseppe
Published: November 2019

Information and communication technologies play an increasingly important role in the process of knowledge and management of places at different scales. ICTs allow a rapid diffusion of data not only through institutional channels but also through social networks where the smart community share experiences and perceptions. In this sense, ICTs become strategic tools to support the promotion of sustainable tourism development of territories, especially if the digital data are organised within a circular smart dashboard. This research focuses on the case study of the Santa Barbara Walk (SBW), an ancient mining route in the Sulcis Iglesiente region (Sardinia, Italy), where the authors have recognized a state of disorganization in slow tourism promotion activities. In fact, if the SBW represents a network - material infrastructure - which connects the main points of interest along the Walk, its digital network - intangible infrastructure - is fragmented in terms of policies and contents. The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive set of data and to propose the architecture and design for a circular dashboard of the SBW, capable of organizing information concerning the main features of the walk, in order to facilitate a shared governance for an effective tourism promotion.
The Potential Health Risk Associated with Edible Vegetable Grown on Cr (VI) Simulated Soils
Authors: Oruko Richard , Edokpayi Joshua , Msagati Titus , Nikita Tavengwa , Ijoma Grace , Odiyo John
Published: November 2019

This study reports on the assessment of the growth potential of five edible vegetables which were grown in Cr (VI) spiked soils. The vegetable plants that were used in this study were Vigna angularis, Cicer arietinum, Spinacia oleracea, Amaranthus dubius Thell and Phaseolus vulgaris. Dried ground samples from roots, stems and leaves were analysed for various oxidation states of Cr. The daily intake of chromium (DIC), hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) methods were employed to assess the potential human health risks posed by these Cr oxidation states through vegetable consumption. The results showed that Vigna angularis was the only vegetable that germinated in highly concentrated Cr (VI) in the simulated soil (456 mg/kg). The highest bioaccumulation factor of CrT in the roots was found in Cicer arietinum at 3.5 ± 0.51 mg/kg DW. The highest translocation factor in stem was that of Cicer arietinum and Vigna angularis at 1.0 ± 0.00, while Cicer arietinum and Spinacia oleracea translocated highest Cr to the leaf at 2.1 ± 0.21. A child or an adult consuming such contaminated Cicer arietinum were likely to take in between 508 -785 mg/kg/day of total Cr which were above the World Health Organisation guidelines of 220 and 340 mg/kg/day, respectively. The highest HQ was found in Cicer arietinum at 8.7 and 13.4 for adults and children, respectively. The same species of plants had also high HI at 17.4 and 27.2 for adults and children respectively. This indicated that consumers of the edible vegetables grown in Cr (VI) rich soil may be exposed to health risks and the children were more likely to be vulnerable to these adverse effects than the adult.
Smart Resources for Smart Cities: Distributed Architecture to Integrate Sensor Information
Authors: Poza-Lujan Jose-Luis , Posadas-Yagüe Juan-Luis , Simó-Ten Jose-Enrique , Blanes Noguera Juan Francisco
Published: November 2019

Objects recognition is a necessary task in smart city environments. This recognition can be used in processes such as the reconstruction of the environment map or the intelligent navigation of vehicles. This paper proposes an architecture that integrates heterogeneous distributed information to recognize objects in intelligent environments. The architecture is based on the IoT / Industry 4.0 model to interconnect the devices, called Smart Resources. Smart Resources can process local sensor data and send information to other devices. These other devices can be located in the same operating range, the Edge, in the same intranet, the Fog, or on the Internet, the Cloud. Smart Resources must have an intelligent layer in order to be able to process the information. A system with two Smart Resources equipped with different image sensors has been implemented to validate the architecture. Experiments show that the integration of information increases the certainty in the recognition of objects between 2\% and 4\%. Consequently, in the field of intelligent environments, it seems appropriate to provide the devices with intelligence, but also capabilities to collaborate closely with other devices.
Developing the Students’ Character through Literacy Activities in A Child-Friendly School Model
Authors: Farikah Farikah
Published: November 2019

This case studyaimed at investigating the implementation of literacy activities in developing the students’ character of SD Negeri Secang 1 as one of child-friendly school models in Magelang Regency developed by Lund University, Sweden. This study described the practical guidance on literacy activities of child-friendly schools in developing the students’ character through the literacy programs. Since it was a case study, the writer only focused on one school and the result could not be used to generalize to child friendly schools in Indonesia. Interview and observation were used in collecting the data of this study. The interview was used to gain information on how literacy activities were normally conducted at SD Negeri Secang 1 as a friendly school model and observation was used to see the real implementation of Literacy activities in developing the students’ character. Based on the data analysis, it revealed that through literacy activitiesof a 15-minute reading activity, the students were able to develop their characters. By reading different topics, they could build their knowledge and values based on the topics they read.
Relation between Self-efficacy and Creative Thinking at Writing Skill Learning
Authors: Deviana Ade Destri , Asri Fauzi , Rusuly Usfiyatur
Published: November 2019

Self-efficacy is a person's belief in his ability to solve planned activities.  Self-efficacy reflects a person’s confidence in their ability to perform tasks creatively and optimistically. The elements to Self-efficacy are mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion, affecative physiological states. Creative thinking is ability to find new ideas originally that are surprising to define it, and also valuable in sensitivity, and the factors are fluency, flexibility, originality, sensitivity, and elaboration. Learning at class need self-efficacy and creative thinking based, the both have relation that influence. Researcher will reveal it at writing skill learning. This study aims at investigating the relationship between self-efficacy and creative thinking of university students at writing skill learning. The method uses quantitative with correlation of two variables with paired sample test. The subject of the study is 53 third semester students of Arabic Language Education Department of Arabic Literature Faculty of State University of Malang Indonesia at writing skill class. Its coefficient correlation is 0,799 and p-value 0,000. The result of this study indicates significant correlation between self-efficacy and creative thinking at writing skill learning. The Fact, self-efficacy increased so creative thinking increased much and otherwise. The Teacher has important role of writing skill learning as facilitator or instructor so that the students like the learning and enhancement of trust.
Learning Innovation Management on Effective Classes at SMPIT Cordova Samarinda
Authors: Hanim Zaenab , Masyni Masyni , Soe`oed Rahmad , Asiah Siti Nor
Published: November 2019

The research is intended to find out (1) the concept of learning innovation, (2) the implementation of learning innovation management functions, (3) the implication of learning innovation management, and (4) obstacles and solutions of the implementation of learning innovation management at effective classes at Integrated Islamic Secondary School (SMPIT) Cordova Samarinda. This research used a qualitative approach with case study and the data was collected through deep interview, observation and documentation. The informans of the research are the head and his vice of the foundation, coordinator of the effective classes, teachers and students. The data was analysed by using descriptive technique. For the research findings, it was  found that (1) the concept of learning innovation for effective classes is built through middle input with an effective learning process and produces an effective output; (2) the implementation of learning innovation management functions of effective classes was carried out through planning design by determining input sellection standard, an effective process standard, an effective output standard, learning innovation organization through enriched curriculum, time allocation, teachers’ roles and duties, learning  sources,  learning innovation  through moving class, a standardized teachers, IT-based management, full day school program, and  three evaluations of learning innovation, namely test and non-test with mastery learning standard, and high competition class assessment; (3) the implication of learning innovation management covers integrated learning management system, better teacher qualification standard, and increase school reputation; and (4) obstacles and solution disrupt the implementation of learning innovation management of effective classes at SMPIT Cordova Samarinda.
Assessment of changes in the market value of residential real estate in the area of the commissioned transport interchange of the urban toll road
Authors: Laskin M. B. , Talavirya A. U.
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of the commissioned toll road running through the city’s residential areas on the market value of residential real estate. The article presents a review of non-traditional methods for assessing real estate value, mainly in foreign publications. The Western High-Speed Diameter (WHSD) is the most significant transport and infrastructure project of the current decade for St. Petersburg. The most inaccessible part of the city on Vasilievsky Island was analyzed, as the example of new and secondary real estate value changes, were examined from August 2015 to December 2017, by the time when the new transport interchange of WHSD in the western part of the island was constructed and put into commission.  For the study, the authors used the data of the Real Estate Bulletin of St. Petersburg at the end of 2015 and 2017, the data of the cadastral assessment of residential real estate of St. Petersburg of 01.01.2015 and 01.01.2018. Main research method is the study of two-dimensional and conditional distributions of random values of bid prices and cadastral values, which allows obtaining estimates of the market value of the real estate that has passed cadastral registration, and estimates of growth rates.  The comparison of prices of offers with cadastral values applied in the article, with a simple and natural speculation of logarithmically normal distribution, allows us to propose a method of assessing the market  value for any property, even if the information about it is not available in the market data. The obtained numerical results showed a rise in the cost of a significant part of the mass-market for the study period up to 18% without discount on the auction, and up to 9% taking into account the discount on the auction. It turned out to be slightly higher than the general change in the prices of proposals that can be found in advertising publications. A significant change (from 50% to 73%) was found in business-class properties, located in the area with significantly changed species characteristics and improved transport accessibility, in the immediate vicinity of the exit from WHSD.  The results, indicating the growth of market value, allowed us to make a general conclusion about the changes in the attractiveness of the area for different segments of the population of the city: both for the mobile middle class, focused on the mass-market, and for buyers of the premium segment, having increased requirements for the real estate. The authors believe that the growth of the market value of real estate in the area of transport interchanges of modern infrastructure projects could be higher in other macroeconomic conditions. At present, the effective demand of the population is obviously not sufficient.
Eficiência dos sistemas municipais de saúde: como os agentes políticos e o momento eleitoral interferem?
Authors: Sousa Kleber Morais de , Pinhanez Monica de Maria Santos Fornitani , Almeida Sinara Monica Vitalino de , Paiva Simone Bastos
Published: November 2019

Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar como os agentes políticos e o momento eleitoral interferem na eficiência dos sistemas de saúde dos municípios segundo a percepção dos gestores municipais de saúde. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: (i) quantitativa; e (ii) qualitativa. A primeira etapa mensurou a eficiência dos sistemas de saúde dos municípios por meio da DEA. A segunda etapa consistiu em entrevistas semiestruturadas com secretários de saúde de municípios que obtiveram melhores e piores níveis de eficiência. As entrevistas foram tratadas por análise de conteúdo. A amostra foi formada pelos municípios pernambucanos com população inferior a 50 mil habitantes. Os dados utilizados para mensuração da eficiência foram obtidos na base de dados do Siops e do Datasus do Ministério da Saúde, correspondentes ao ano de 2015. Os resultados indicaram que os vereadores auxiliam na eficiência dos serviços de saúde ao viabilizar atendimentos em hospitais regionais e especializados. Contudo, os mesmos prejudicam os serviços pressionando os gestores de saúde locais pela oferta de medicamentos, exames e consultas para seus eleitores, fora do fluxo e do planejamento dos serviços. Os gestores municipais relevaram a existência de uma prática social de busca de benefícios pelos cidadãos nos momentos de eleição quando os políticos estão mais acessíveis e dispostos a ajudar. Esses resultados sugerem a existência de um ciclo político eleitoral. Não foi possível observar diferença do comportamento político dos vereadores e dos gestores que justifique a disparidade dos indicadores de eficiência entre os municípios melhor e pior avaliados.
Formação de preço para honorários contábeis: estudo de caso em um escritório de Campo Grande- MS
Authors: Da Silva Almeida Marilise , Trindade Vasques Vieira Eloir , Lopes Bennett Fortunato
Published: November 2019

Em razão da inexistência de uma tabela de preços de serviços contábeis padronizada, tanto pelos Conselhos Regionais de Contabilidade como pelos Sindicatos Contábeis, é comum a precificação de tais serviços com base no salário mínimo vigente. Tal prática é realizada sem nenhum estudo dos custos, margem de lucro desejada ou utilização de métodos específicos para a formação de preço. Diante de tal realidade, essa pesquisa pretende questionar se é possível praticar uma tabela de preços com base nos custos. A hipótese era de que sim; pois, tal método seria mais adequado à atividade de prestação de serviços contábeis. Por intermédio do estudo de caso em um escritório de contabilidade da região de Campo Grande (MS), e análise comparativa de dados, a hipótese foi comprovada. Principalmente destacando para o fato de que, por meio dos custos se pode aplicar a margem de lucro desejada e instituir o preço mínimo, com liberdade e segurança no momento da formação de preço.
Educação tecnológica, inovação e geração de emprego: alavancas para o progresso das organizações, pessoas e nações
Authors: Dos Santos Isabel Cristina , Pereira Raquel da Silva
Published: November 2019

Algumas das mais vigorosas economias mundiais, como a Coreia do Sul e, antes dela, o Japão, e mais recentemente a China, reconheceram que a mudança do modelo econômico vigente para o industrial exigiria redirecionamento nos padrões educacionais, sobretudo, em áreas estratégicas ao desenvolvimento nacional. A opção foi assegurar a formação de uma mão de obra de alta qualificação, em especial, no campo das Engenharias que, uma vez inserida do mercado de trabalho, se incumbiria de colocar em prática processos de produção, indicadores e modelos de gestão equiparáveis às nações mais competitivas, agregando produtividade, valor e sofisticação aos produtos, processos e serviços. Porém, os dados obtidos na pesquisa documental, de natureza qualitativa, indicam que há insuficiência na formação de mão obra e nos requisitos de educação de qualidade configurando um cenário futuro de grandes dificuldades para inserção da economia brasileira dentre aquelas mais desenvolvidas.
Construção de um instrumento de coleta de dados a partir dos indicadores de racionalidade instrumental e Substantiva nas organizações de serviço
Authors: Massi Maria Lúcia Gili
Published: November 2019

As racionalidades instrumental e substantiva estão presentes nas organizações. A primeira faz do homem instrumento de produção, expondo-o a um conjunto de regras e princípios utilitários, em que todos os meios são subordinados a determinados fins, não questionados eticamente. A segunda, valoriza a dimensão humana pelo seu pensamento crítico,promotor de mudanças vantajosas, mediante ações individuais e coletivas, respeitando a ética, o meio ambiente, o potencial humano e a confiança. As organizações de serviço são dependentes dos profissionais que atendem clientes, desempenhando trabalho emocional incerto, variável e de difícil controle. Esses profissionais são apoiados pelos que atuam na retaguarda, com atividades padronizadas e controladas. Com tais premissas, este estudo, com base em pesquisas bibliográficas, propõe-se a elaborar um instrumento que detecte as percepções e os comportamentos humanos que se ajustam aos elementos da racionalidade instrumental nas organizações de serviço. Os resultados revelaram que não se pode levantar os indicadores instrumentais sem considerar os substantivos, pois ambos estão presentes, com intensidades diferentes, nas organizações, motivo pelo qual o instrumento elaborado, com quarenta e três afirmativas, contém elementos instrumentais: cálculo; fins; maximização dos recursos; êxito, resultados; desempenho; utilidade;rentabilidade, e estratégia interpessoal; e substantivos: autorrealização; entendimento;julgamento ético; autenticidade; valores emancipatórios, e autonomia.
Análisis de los factores que componen un sistema de gestión Empresarial. Estudio de caso
Authors: Rubio-Rodrigues Gustavo Adolfo , Blandón López Alexander , Serna Gómez Humberto
Published: November 2019

La finalidad de este manuscrito tiene por objeto analizar los factores que integran un sistema de gestión empresarial, los mismos que permitan optimizar la administración de los recursos humanos, materiales y financieros, de los cuales las organizaciones disponen para el cumplimiento de sus actividades. Este trabajo se deriva de un proceso, cuya fundamentación teórica se enmarca en la conceptualización y en la contextualización del sistema de gestión, en las etapas que concurre dicho sistema y en la adecuada utilización de los mismos. La metodología de la investigación, a partir de la elección como método del estudio de caso y del análisis de información a través de instrumentos como el software SPSS, empleó diferentes etapas, permitiendo la realización del trabajo de campo, cuyo resultado contribuyó al cumplimiento de los objetivos específicos. Los resultados arrojados no fueron alentadores, dado que se evidencia que hoy por hoy no existe homogeneidad en las variables analizadas, y ello manifiesta las falencias contenidas al interior de la empresa objeto de estudio.
La inversión social en educación. Una mirada al Ecuador Social
Authors: Ruiz Mery Esperanza , Raza Joselyn , Ruiz Tatiana
Published: November 2019

El presente proyecto investigativo busca identificar la relación existente entre la inversión social y la educación en el Ecuador para reconocer la importancia del gasto social en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de educación en el país. Se trata de analizar el comportamiento de la inversión social del gobierno ecuatoriano en la economía nacional, examinar el desarrollo de la educación en el Ecuador y determinar el nivel de incentivo que tiene la inversión social sobre el progreso de la población. Se procedió a comprobar las hipótesis de investigación a través de tres modelos de regresión lineal múltiple que expliquen la proporción poblacional de 12 años y más de edad con primaria completa, el porcentaje de la población de 18 años y más de edad con bachillerato completo y la población de 25 años y más con educación superior completa en función de las diversas formas de inversión del gobierno en el sector social. Los resultados muestran que el presupuesto destinado a la educación, condicionan la capacidad que tienen los individuos para continuar sus estudios, en este caso el acceso a salud logrará que los niños y jóvenes estén con las condiciones físicas para estudiar. La inaccesibilidad a la educación en edades tempranas, así como las dificultades para educarse a largo plazo terminan limitando a la población para culminar su educación.
Práticas administrativas dos líderes de primeira linha enquadradas nas racionalidades instrumental e substantivas, em empresa prestadora de serviço de pequeno porte
Authors: Silva Mateus Campos , Lins Dulciane Torres
Published: November 2019

A racionalidade substantiva e instrumental presente nas organizações tem sido amplamente pesquisada. A racionalidade substantiva busca a eficiência pela autonomia, participação, satisfação e interação dos colaboradores. A racionalidade instrumental fundamenta-se na estrutura organizacional, busca a eficiência pela racionalização do trabalho, enfatizando a tarefa e a tecnologia. Estudos revelam que a atuação do líder tem apoiado práticas da racionalidade substantiva. Amparado por esses dados, este artigo, com base em pesquisas teóricas e de campo realizada por meio de entrevistas estruturadas, tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as ações administrativas dos líderes de primeira linha, que possam ser classificadas como pertencentes à racionalidade substantiva e/ou instrumental, em uma organização da região metropolitana de São Paulo, tal classificação poderá ser identificada notando principalmente a autonomia presente ou não no nível tático, impactando as atividades organizacionais. Os resultados confirmam pesquisas anteriores, evidenciando a predominância da racionalidade instrumental nas práticas administrativas, comprovando a falta de autonomia no nível tático.
Drug Repurposing in the Development of Anticancer Agents
Authors: Olgen Sureyya , Kotra Lakshmi P.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Research into repositioning known drugs to treat cancer other than the originally intended disease continues to grow and develop, encouraged in part, by several recent success stories. Many of the studies in this article are geared towards repurposing generic drugs because additional clinical trials are relatively easy to perform and the drug safety profiles have previously been established.

Objective:

This review provides an overview of anticancer drug development strategies which is one of the important areas of drug restructuring.

Methods:

Repurposed drugs for cancer treatments are classified by their pharmacological effects. The successes and failures of important repurposed drugs as anticancer agents are evaluated in this review.

Results and Conclusion:

Drugs could have many off-target effects, and can be intelligently repurposed if the off-target effects can be employed for therapeutic purposes. In cancer, due to the heterogeneity of the disease, often targets are quite diverse, hence a number of already known drugs that interfere with these targets could be deployed or repurposed with appropriate research and development.
Integrating Autism Spectrum Disorder Pathophysiology: Mitochondria, Vitamin A, CD38, Oxytocin, Serotonin and Melatonergic Alterations in the Placenta and Gut
Authors: Maes Michael , Anderson George , Betancort Medina Susana R. , Seo Moonsang , Ojala Johanna O.
Published: November 2019

Background:

A diverse array of data has been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), reflecting
the complexity of its pathophysiology as well as its heterogeneity. Two important hubs have emerged, the
placenta/prenatal period and the postnatal gut, with alterations in mitochondria functioning crucial in both.

Methods:

Factors acting to regulate mitochondria functioning in ASD across development are reviewed in this
article.

Results:

Decreased vitamin A, and its retinoic acid metabolites, lead to a decrease in CD38 and associated
changes that underpin a wide array of data on the biological underpinnings of ASD, including decreased oxytocin,
with relevance both prenatally and in the gut. Decreased sirtuins, poly-ADP ribose polymerase-driven decreases
in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), hyperserotonemia, decreased monoamine oxidase, alterations in
14-3-3 proteins, microRNA alterations, dysregulated aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity, suboptimal mitochondria
functioning, and decreases in the melatonergic pathways are intimately linked to this. Many of the above processes
may be modulating, or mediated by, alterations in mitochondria functioning. Other bodies of data associated
with ASD may also be incorporated within these basic processes, including how ASD risk factors such as maternal
obesity and preeclampsia, as well as more general prenatal stressors, modulate the likelihood of offspring
ASD.

Conclusion:

Such a mitochondria-focussed integrated model of the pathophysiology of ASD has important preventative
and treatment implications.
Autism Spectrum Disorders: Role of Pre- and Post-Natal GammaDelta (γδ) T Cells and Immune Regulation
Authors: Anderson George , Betancort Medina Susana R.
Published: November 2019

Background:

It is widely accepted that alterations in immune functioning are an important aspect of the pathoetiology and pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A relatively under-explored aspect of these alterations is the role of gammaDelta (γδ) T cells, prenatally and in the postnatal gut, which seem important hubs in driving the course of ASD.

Methods:

The present article describes the role of γδ T cells in ASD, including their interactions with other immune cells shown to be altered in this spectrum of conditions, including natural killer cells and mast cells.

Results:

Other risk factors in ASD, such as decreased vitamins A & D, as well as toxin-associated activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, may also be intimately linked to γδ T cells, and alterations in the regulation of these cells. A growing body of data has highlighted an important role for alterations in mitochondria functioning in the regulation of immune cells, including natural killer cells and mast cells. This is an area that requires investigation in γδ T cells and their putative subtypes.

Conclusions:

It is also proposed that maternal stress may be acting via alterations in the maternal microbiome, leading to changes in how the balance of short chain fatty acids, such as butyrate, may act to regulate the placenta and developing foetus. Following an overview of previous research on immune, especially γδ T cells, effects in ASD, the future research implications are then detailed.
Dysregulation of Circadian Rhythms in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Pinato Luciana , Galina Spilla Caio Sergio , Markus Regina Pekelmann , da Silveira Cruz-Machado Sanseray
Published: November 2019

Background:

The alterations in neurological and neuroendocrine functions observed in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) involves environmentally dependent dysregulation of neurodevelopment, in interaction with multiple coding gene defects. Disturbed sleep-wake patterns, as well as abnormal melatonin and glucocorticoid secretion, show the relevance of an underlying impairment of the circadian timing system to the behavioral phenotype of ASD. Thus, understanding the mechanisms involved in the circadian dysregulation in ASD could help to identify early biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and therapeutics as well as providing a significant impact on the lifelong prognosis.

Objective:

In this review, we discuss the organization of the circadian timing system and explore the connection between neuroanatomic, molecular, and neuroendocrine responses of ASD and its clinical manifestations. Here we propose interconnections between circadian dysregulation, inflammatory baseline and behavioral changes in ASD. Taking into account, the high relevancy of melatonin in orchestrating both circadian timing and the maintenance of physiological immune quiescence, we raise the hypothesis that melatonin or analogs should be considered as a pharmacological approach to suppress inflammation and circadian misalignment in ASD patients.

Strategy:

This review provides a comprehensive update on the state-of-art of studies related to inflammatory states and ASD with a special focus on the relationship with melatonin and clock genes. The hypothesis raised above was analyzed according to the published data.

Conclusion:

Current evidence supports the existence of associations between ASD to circadian dysregulation, behavior problems, increased inflammatory levels of cytokines, sleep disorders, as well as reduced circadian neuroendocrine responses. Indeed, major effects may be related to a low melatonin rhythm. We propose that maintaining the proper rhythm of the circadian timing system may be helpful to improve the health and to cope with several behavioral changes observed in ASD subjects.
Traditional Practices among Rural Women to Relieve Their Common Pregnancy Minor Discomforts: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Hassan Hanan Elzeblawy , Sobhy Soheir , Rakha El-Sayed , El-Khayat Iman
Published: November 2019

Background: Pregnancy is a normal process that results in ? series of both physiological and psychological changes in women that require adjustment and adaptation on the part of the mother. The observable result of physiological changes is minor discomforts. The most common discomforts are morning sickness, heartburn, constipation, backache, and leg cramps. Although minor discomforts are non-serious, their presences detract from the mother feeling of comfort and well-being in many instances they can be avoid by preventive measures or healthful practices once they do occur. Aim: This study was done to assess the practices adopted by rural pregnant women to relive their common minor discomforts. Subject & Methods: The study was conducted at six maternal and child health centers in El-Mahalla Elkobra. A sample of 300 pregnant women was selected. Data were collected by an interview questionnaire. Results: the mean age of mothers was 27.44±5.36, 61.0% of them had 3 pregnancies or more, 76.7% used antenatal care services during their previous pregnancies, and 74.4% of the study subjects had irregular follow-up visits. The majority of them used harmful measures to overcome their minor discomfort than useful ones. Women’s mothers were the main sources of women’s information about practices to overcome common minor discomforts. Significant statistical relationships were observed between traditional practices to overcome common minor discomforts and some times of women’s characteristics as educational level, occupational status, age at marriage, family income and utilization of antenatal care services by the studied subjects. Conclusion: Most of the rural dwellers used traditional measures to relieve associated pregnancy minor discomforts. Traditional practices among pregnant women to relieve common minor discomfort during pregnancy in the rural area tended to be more harmful than useful ones. Usage of traditional practiced affected by women’s education, occupation, age at marriage, family income, and regular utilization of ANC services. Recommendations: Continuous education and training programs about pregnancy and its accompanied minor discomforts should be conducted for physicians, nurses, midwives, and TBAs to manage minor discomforts. Measures to combat women’s delay in initiation antenatal care services should be taken.
HUKUM DALAM MENDORONG DINAMIKA PEMBANGUNAN PEREKONOMIAN NASIONAL DITINJAU DARI PRINSIP EKONOMI KERAKYATAN
Authors: Hapsari Dwi Ratna Indri
Published: November 2019

Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Indonesian Constitution, "The national economy which is regulated based on economic democracy with the principle of togetherness, efficiency, justice, support, environmental insight, independence, and also with financial assistance in various large business activities, cheap, and small in the business partnership pattern ". The concept of the Indonesian national economy commenting on us together and explicitly in our constitution adhering to the principle of kinship agreed upon can be found in Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Indonesian Constitution, people's sovereignty also promotes Pancasila. As a developing country Indonesia cannot escape the era of globalization, international free trade. However, what makes the challenge is that Indonesia can still keep up with the flow of globalization but still in the populist economic corridor that has been conceptualized in the state constitution concerning national economic development. Law in this case has a special stake in efforts to grow the economy of a country in order to achieve national economic development.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS KONSEP MAKAR DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM TATA NEGARA ISLAM
Authors: Alam Syariful
Published: November 2019

The treason or treason act is closer to the act of betrayal. In a constitutional law perspective, this treason is defined as the act of a person or group of people towards leadership in a country because of its incompatibility with the rules that apply in the country, so that he or they take actions that tend to "deviate" so that it can break down the leadership of a state leader. In the corner of the desert of Islam, treason or treason act can be done by a person or group of people preceded by a political conspiracy, evil consensus, and intrigue to achieve its political goals. In the Qur'an several verses are mentioned about this treason. Where all contain the notion that treason is an act or an attempt to oppose and undermine the power of someone who is not favored or considered an enemy who has conflicting indications. Both in terms of religion and worldliness by means of deception, deception, or other acts that are contrary to the religion of Islam. Starting from this context, the author wants to review specifications and indications of treason from the perspective of Islamic state governance law by taking the constellation of thoughts of classical scholars.
PELAKSANAAN EKSEKUSI OBJEK JAMINAN FIDUSIA BERDASARKAN TITLE EKSEKUTORIAL
Authors: Heriawanto Benny Krestian
Published: November 2019

The existence of collateral institutions is very important for creditors particularly to provide certainty over the fulfillment of their rights. In Indonesia there are several collateral institutions, one of which is fiduciary, as a collateral institution, fiduciaries have advantages and disadvantages, especially in carrying out executions, therefore it is necessary to know how the execution of fiduciary collateral objects, especially executions that are based on executorial titles. This paper is based on normative juridical research, with a legal and conceptual approach. According to the research it can be concluded that based on the provisions of article 30 of the Fiduciary Law, with an executorial title, the creditor is given the right to repossess so that the creditor can directly take the object of fiduciary collateral.
The shelf life study of 0.1 M Sodium hydroxide volumetric solution at different condition for analytical purpose in Laboratory
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Ram Bigan
Published: November 2019

The  Expiry  date  of  0.1 M    Sodium hydroxide  volumetric  solution   is  determined  for  analytical  purpose  in  Laboratory  and  the  Strength  of  Volumetric  solutions   determined  by  titration  against  potassium   hydrogen   Phthalate (KHP).   The   volumetric  solution  prepared  in   distilled   water observed   that   no  chemically  significant   degradation   for  at  least  30  days   when   stored  separately  in   Normal  and  dark  condition  over   a period  of 30  days . The %  RSD  of  Molarity  at Normal  condition  observed  from  0.0993  to  0.0994 %  and   at  Dark condition    from  0.0994  to 0.2988 %.  The  Significant  degradation    observed   when   solution  stored   separately  in  oven  at  35 oC   temperature   and  strength   of   volumetric   solution   deviate   from   18 th   Day . The Degradation of  solution  strength   found  to  0. 98 %  after storage  for 30 days  at  35 oC  Temperature.

Keywords:  Shelf life, Stability, Titrimetric, Primary standard, Hold time study, Degradation.