bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the risk of suicidal behavior and personal resources of students
Authors: Vasyagina Natalia N. , Barinova Elena S. , Grigoryan Elena N. , Shempeleva Natalia I.
Published: April 2023

Background. According to the Federal State Statistics Service, in 2021 the number of teenage suicides in Russia increased by 20% compared to the years. Being caused by non-specific mechanisms of influence produced by a variety of barely controllable factors, both individual and interpersonal, and socio-economic, suicide among minors is one of the most serious problems requiring immediate solution. However, not every teenager who is under the influence of adverse factors develops anti-vital moods and develops the risk of suicidal behavior, and therefore it is an important task to determine the range of personal resources reflecting the psychological resistance of students to the adverse effects of various socio-psychological factors. Objective. The study focuses on the relationship between the risk factors of suicidal behavior in students and the protection factors (personal resources) that hinder its development. Sample. 260 students of general education organizations living in the Sverdlovsk region took part in the study. Of these, 144 are girls and 116 are boys aged 13 to 17. Methods. The “Suicide Risk Questionnaire” (modified by T.N. Razuvaeva) was applied to differentiate students by the level of suicidal risk. Diagnostics of personal resources was carried out with a test battery, including several techniques: “Resilience test” (S. Muddy, adapted by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova), resilience scales from the questionnaire “Anti-vitality and resilience” (O.A. Sagalakova, D.V. Turovtsev), methodology for determining the dominant state: a short version (L.V. Kulikov), Oxford Questionnaire of Happiness (M. Argyle, adapted by A.M. Golubeva, E.A. Dorosheva), questionnaire of emotional intelligence (N. Hall). Results. It is shown that with high indicators of resilience, engagement, control, risk-taking, positive self-image, life satisfaction and emotion management, low indicators of suicide risk are noted. With a decrease in the risks of demonstrative suicidal behavior, there is an increase in indicators of happiness, emotional awareness, self-motivation and emotional intelligence in general. Thus, our assumption that the higher the level of personal resources grows, the lower suicidal risks are, is confirmed Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that the key personal resources of students that allow them to maintain psychological resistance to adverse environmental influences are resilience, emotional intelligence and optimism. The established relationship between personal resources and suicide risk can be used to develop effective primary prevention programs for suicide risk aimed at developing the personal potential of adolescents.
Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: SPINELLI GUSTAVO R. , RONDEROS MARÍA M. , AYALA MAHIA M. , DÍAZ FLORENTINA
Published: April 2023

Three hundred and fiftysix species of ceratopogonids in 35 genera are listed for Argentina, with most species in Forcipomyia Meigen (67 species) Culicoides Latreille (51 species), Stilobezzia Kieffer (40 species) and Dasyhelea Kieffer (37 species). For each listed species, the following information is included: sex and/or life stage described in the original description, type locality, type status and sex, depository of type material, distribution, georeferenced localities for Argentina (provinces are underlined) and main references that include the original description and those that specify locations in the country. Specific epithets of synonyms are accompanied by type locality, type status and sex, and location of type material. New localities from Argentina for 102 species are provided, and the following 16 species are newly recorded from the country: Forcipomyia (Caloforcipomyia) glauca Macfie, Forcipomyia (C.) hatoensis Utmar & Wirth, F. (Euprojoannisia) bromeliae Saunders, F. (E.) quasiingrami Macfie, F. (Forcipomyia) zonogaster Ingram & Macfie, F. (F.) catarinensis Marino & Spinelli, F. (Lasiohelea) cornuta Saunders, F. (Metaforcipomyia) osaensis Spinelli, Marino & Borkent, F. (Phytohelea) bromelicola (Lutz), F. (Trichohelea) goniognatha Wirth & Messersmith, F. (T.) leptognatha Wirth & Messersmith, Brachypogon (Brachypogon) woodruffi Spinelli & Grogan, Physohelea turgidipes Ingram & Macfie, Bezzia gibbera (Coquillett), Bezzia schmitzorum Dippolito & Spinelli and Palpomyia versicolor Macfie. Leptoconops brasiliensis (Lutz) and Clastrieromyia dycei Spinelli & Grogan are excluded from the Argentinean fauna.
Мовна гра як вияв національної лінгвокреативності: на матеріалі галицьких паремій XIX ст.
Authors: Гнатюк [Hnatiuk] Лідія [Lidiia] Павлівна [Pavlivna]
Published: April 2023

Language Play as a Manifestation of Linguistic Creativity (on the Material of Nineteenth-Century Galician Paroemias)
This article analyses nineteenth-century paroemias from the threevolume collection Halytsʹko-rusʹki narodni prypovidky [Galician-Ruthenian Folk Paroemias] by Ivan Franko, published in 1901–1910. The proverbs and sayings recorded in the collection indicate that in the nineteenth century Ukrainians often combined words that sound alike, which endowed them with new shades of meaning. In order to add expressivity and subtle humour, Ukrainian speakers made skilful use of rich lexico-semantic and grammatical resources. They played with transformation of homonyms, paronomasia, and metathesis of syllables or words in syntagmas. They also used synonyms and words from the same word families and they created onyms.
 
Gra językowa jako przejaw kreatywności językowej (na materiale galicyjskiej paremii z XIX wieku)
W artykule zanalizowano dziewiętnastowieczną paremię zamieszczoną w trzytomowym zbiorze Галицько-руські народні приповідки, którą w latach 1901–1910 opublikował Iwan Franko. Zawarte w nim przysłowia i porzekadła świadczą, że w XIX wieku Ukraińcy często łączyli wyrazy o podobnym brzmieniu, co nadawało im nowe odcienie znaczeniowe. Dla wyrażenia ekspresji i subtelnego humoru umiejętnie korzystali z bogatego zasobu leksykalno-semantycznego i gramatycznego. W grze językowej sięgali po: przekształcanie homonimów, paronomazję, przestawianie sylab lub wyrazów w syntagmach. Wykorzystywali również synonimy i wyrazy pokrewne, stosowali reinterpretację etymologiczną, tworzyli także onimy.
Wspomnienie o Profesorze Jerzym Bartmińskim (1939–2022)
Authors: Masłowska Ewa , Pazio-Wlazłowska Dorota
Published: April 2023

In Memoriam: Professor Dr hab. Jerzy Bartmiński (1939−2022)This is an article in memory of Professor Jerzy Bartmiński, a renowned Polish philologist, ethnoliguist, folklorist and Slavist, working at the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University (since 1961), and the Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences (since 2008). Wspomnienie o Profesorze Jerzym Bartmińskim (1939–2022)Wspomnienie o Profesorze Jerzym Bartmińskim, wybitnym poloniście, etnolingwiście, folkloryście, slawiście pracującym na Uniwersytecie Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej (od 1961 roku) i w Instytucie Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk (od 2008 roku).
New Biomarkers (Endocan, Interleukin-17, and Thrombospondin-4) for the Diagnosis, Assessment of Severity, and Follow-Up of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Yazman Serkan , Depboylu Burak Can , Saruhan Ercan , Cenikli Utku , Harmandar Buğra , Arslan Kadir , İlhan Gökhan , İştar Hande
Published: April 2023

The present study evaluated the use of endocan, interleukin-17 (IL-17), and thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) blood levels as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Patients with PAD (Rutherford categories I, II, and III) who were admitted between March 2020 and March 2022 for cardiovascular surgery or outpatient clinic follow-up were included. The patients ( n = 60) were divided into 2 groups: medical treatment ( n = 30) and surgical treatment ( n = 30). In addition, a control group ( n = 30) was created for comparison. Endocan, IL-17, and TSP-4 blood levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the first month after treatment. Endocan and IL-17 values were found to be significantly higher in both groups that underwent medical (259.7 ± 46 pg/mL, 63.7 ± 16.6 pg/mL) and surgical (290.3 ± 84.5 pg/mL, 66.4 ± 19.6 pg/mL) treatment than the control group (187.4 ± 34.5 pg/mL, 56.5 ± 7.2 pg/mL P < .001). Tsp-4 value was found to be significantly higher only in the surgical treatment group (15 ± 4.3 ng/mL) than the control group (12.9 ± 1.4 ng/mL P < .05). The decreases in endocan, IL-17, and TSP-4 levels at the first month of treatment in both groups were also significant ( P < .001). A combination of classical and these new biomarkers could be included in PAD screening, early diagnosis, severity determination, and follow-up protocols in order to provide effective assessment in clinical practice.
A Systematic Literature Review of Educational Leadership and U.S. School Shootings: Establishing a Research Agenda
Authors: Marshall Joanne M. , Clark Brandon L.
Published: April 2023

Background: Educational leadership perspectives are missing from existing literature related to school shootings, which have been dominated instead by experts in criminal justice, law enforcement, and psychology. Purpose: In this article, we systematically review the literature base on educational leadership related to school shootings in the United States to identify gaps and develop an education-specific, leadership-specific research agenda for the United States. Methods: This exploratory-topographical review follows standards for systematic research reviews in educational leadership. Through reviews of 16 core educational leadership journals, and online scholarly search engines for research and keywords, we identify gaps in the current inter-disciplinary literature. Findings: We learned that the research base on school shootings is multidisciplinary, with scholars across seven different fields taking different approaches. Second, we found that while many scholars are addressing the problem of school shootings, the research base on school shootings from education researchers and specifically within the field of educational leadership are limited. Implications: We discuss three ways in which educational leaders and leadership scholars can inform school shooting research via emphasizing relationships, school–community partnerships, and meeting the needs of the marginalized. We propose preliminary recommendations for an education-specific, educational leadership U.S. research agenda, and suggestions for preparation programs.
A woman’s got to be what a woman’s got to be? How managerial assessment centers perpetuate gender inequality
Authors: Kark Ronit , Blatt Ruth , Wiesel Varda
Published: April 2023

Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideology. We coin the term ‘benevolence effect’ to describe evaluators’ tendency to over-valuate and advance women candidates who conform to traditional stereotypes of white femininity. The benevolence effect paradoxically contributes to the preservation and perpetuation of the sexual binary and the idealization of the abstract manager as male-bodied in the organization, even as it contributes to the promotion of women.
Religion and terrorism: Evidence from Ramadan fasting
Authors: Hodler Roland , Raschky Paul A , Strittmatter Anthony
Published: April 2023

Do intense religious experiences increase or decrease terrorism? We argue that fasting during the month of Ramadan offers an ideal setting for studying this question empirically. Reasons are twofold: first, daily fasting from dawn to sunset during Ramadan is considered mandatory for most Muslims. Second, the Islamic Hijri calendar is not synchronized with the solar cycle. Therefore, the daily fasting duration during Ramadan is exogenous once we control for latitude and the seasonality of Ramadan, which we can do by using district and country-year fixed effects. Focusing on predominantly Muslim countries, we document three main findings: first, longer and more intense Ramadan fasting has a robust negative effect on the likelihood of local terrorist events and terror deaths over the next year. Second, this negative effect is particularly pronounced for operationally more difficult attack types, which are more dependent on public support for terrorism. Third, using survey data, we show that longer and more intense Ramadan fasting lowers the share of respondents who consider religiously motivated violence to be justified. These findings imply that intense religious experiences may not be a breeding ground for terrorism. Quite the opposite, they can decrease public support for terrorism and, consequently, terrorist attacks.
Challenges of Palliative Care in Advanced Cancer Patients in the Chinese Mainland: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Zhao Yang , Hamidi Mashitah , Abd Wahab Haris
Published: April 2023

As cancer has become the second most common cause of death in the world today, how to allow advanced cancer patients to die with dignity has gotten gradually more and more taken paid attention. The study aims to explore the current status and challenges of palliative care for advanced cancer patients in the Chinese Mainland. This study used a semi-structured interview approach by interviewing 14 respondents. The respondents involved patients, family members and relevant practitioners in two regions in China in discovering and summarizing the current status of palliative care implementation for advanced cancer patients in the Chinese Mainland. The study found three challenges of palliative care in the Chinese Mainland: the development of theory and practice being out of sync, the dilemma of operation and promotion, and multiple challenges between different characters. The government should devote multi-dimensional developments and put advanced cancer patients in a central position to respond to patients’ needs. The study suggests that the government should promote specialization, enlarge publicity, improve policy, and advocate death education and living wills to respond to the challenges.
Five key questions educators ask about SEL
Authors: Bergin Christi , Cipriano Christina , Wanless Shannon B. , Barnes Tia Navalene
Published: April 2023

Schools have become increasingly interested in social-emotional learning (SEL) over the past decade, and that interest has grown due to concern about student well-being resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is confusion around SEL. Christi Bergin, Christina Cipriano, Tia Barnes, Shannon B. Wanless, researchers who have studied and designed SEL for decades, respond to questions frequently asked by educators as they consider an SEL approach for their school. They discuss what SEL is, its benefits, how it aligns with other programs, how to select an SEL program, and where to learn more about SEL programs.
Bookshelf: Kappan authors on their favorite reads
Authors: Hess Frederick M.
Published: April 2023

Frederick M Hess recommends the book So Much Reform, So Little Change: The Persistence of Failure in Urban Schools by Charles M. Payne. Darius O. Johnson recommends Teaching on Days After: Educating for Equity in the Wake of Injustice by Alyssa Dunn.
Fallacies about Corporations: Comments on “Democratizing the Corporation”
Authors: Ellerman David
Published: April 2023

This article comments on Isabelle Ferreras's “Democratizing the Corporation.” The focus is on the conceptual framing, which arguably contains a number of problems that are quite common on the left and are thus doubly deserving of commentary and explanation.
Reproduction and the Expanding Border: Pregnant Migrants as a ‘Problem’ in the 2014 Immigration Act
Authors: Lonergan Gwyneth
Published: April 2023

This article explores the construction of the UK National Health Service as a ‘bordering scape’, and the depiction of pregnant migrants as an especial problem, in policy documents and Parliamentary debates around the 2014 Immigration Act. Migrant women’s reproductive practices have long been an object of state anxiety, and a target of state intervention. However, this has been largely overlooked in recent scholarship on the proliferation and multiplication of internal bordering processes. This article addresses this gap and contributes to conceptualisations of bordering processes as situated and intersectional, arguing that discourses and anxieties around the reproduction of the nation-state play an important role in informing the construction of the proliferating internal border. These discourses and anxieties, which are heavily gendered and racialised, interact with the specificities of individual bordering sites in shaping both bordering processes, and the production of different individuals and groups within these processes.
Testing Explanations for Skepticism of Personalized Risk Information
Authors: Waters Erika A. , Taber Jennifer M. , Ackermann Nicole , Maki Julia , McQueen Amy M. , Scherer Laura D.
Published: April 2023

Background

The promise of precision medicine could be stymied if people do not accept the legitimacy of personalized risk information. We tested 4 explanations for skepticism of personalized diabetes risk information.

Method

We recruited participants ( N = 356; Mage = 48.6 [ s = 9.8], 85.1% women, 59.0% non-Hispanic white) from community locations (e.g., barbershops, churches) for a risk communication intervention. Participants received personalized information about their risk of developing diabetes and heart disease, stroke, colon cancer, and/or breast cancer (women). Then they completed survey items. We combined 2 items (recalled risk, perceived risk) to create a trichotomous risk skepticism variable (acceptance, overestimation, underestimation). Additional items assessed possible explanations for risk skepticism: 1) information evaluation skills (education, graph literacy, numeracy), 2 ) motivated reasoning (negative affect toward the information, spontaneous self-affirmation, information avoidance); 3) Bayesian updating (surprise), and 4) personal relevance (racial/ethnic identity). We used multinomial logistic regression for data analysis.

Results

Of the participants, 18% believed that their diabetes risk was lower than the information provided, 40% believed their risk was higher, and 42% accepted the information. Information evaluation skills were not supported as a risk skepticism explanation. Motivated reasoning received some support; higher diabetes risk and more negative affect toward the information were associated with risk underestimation, but spontaneous self-affirmation and information avoidance were not moderators. For Bayesian updating, more surprise was associated with overestimation. For personal relevance, belonging to a marginalized racial/ethnic group was associated with underestimation.

Conclusion

There are likely multiple cognitive, affective, and motivational explanations for risk skepticism. Understanding these explanations and developing interventions that address them will increase the effectiveness of precision medicine and facilitate its widespread implementation.
Secure Intrusion Detection by Differentially Private Federated Learning for Inter-Vehicle Networks
Authors: Xu Qian , Zhang Lei , Ou Dongxiu , Yu Wenjuan
Published: April 2023

Along with providing several benefits, the unprecedented growth of connected and automated vehicles brings worries about damaging cyber attacks. Network-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) using deep learning methods can effectively mitigate the threats by promptly detecting malicious behaviors. However, the centralized learning mode may cause data leverage. Federated learning has emerged as a new distributed machine learning training paradigm to preserve data privacy by allowing clients to train and validate models locally with their data and then send the model parameters to the central server. First, we propose a new framework named DPFL-F2IDS scheme for an edge inter-vehicle network that transmits Basic Safety Messages, which consists of Differentially Private Federated Learning (DPFL) and F2IDS (Framework for IDS). DPFL can defend against the member inference attacks faced by the standard federated learning, but difficulties still exist in making a tradeoff on the utility metrics and privacy metrics. Second, experiments by centralized learning methods were performed on the VeReMi Extension dataset. Third, the performance of federated learning by different numbers of vehicles and different optimizers is evaluated. DPFL by different noise values is also evaluated. Results clarified that the F1-scores reached 0.9915 and 0.9700 by long short-term memory (LSTM)-based intrusion detection for binary classification and multi-classification in the centralized learning mode, respectively. The utility results achieved by federated averaging (FedAvg) with Adabound optimizer were closer to the centralized learning mode than the classical FedAvg algorithms. The optimal values of the noise multipliers were also found without degrading the model quality and preserving privacy.
The use of intelligent analysis (IA) in determining the tactics of treating patients with nephrolithiasis
Authors: Alexander Izrailevich Neymark , Boris Alexandrovich Neymark , Artem Vladimirovich Ershov , Leonid Grigoryevich Spivak , Dmitry Olegovich Korolev , Dmitry Georgievich Tsarichenko , Leonid Moiseevich Rapoport
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

The use of modern information technologies allows to increase confidence in the choice of a surgical treatment method of kidney stones, as well as to improve the quality of treatment due to an adequate combination of therapeutic techniques.

Materials and methods:

In our study we analyzed the treatment results of 625 patients with kidney stones. We created a register with the information on more than 50 parameters for each patient. Each example had an output parameter representing a predefined treatment strategy (extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy [ESWL]—1, percutaneous nephrolithotomy [PCNL]—2, pyelolithotomy or nephrolithotomy—3). The initial database served as the basis for training the neural network estimation technique. The aim of our study was to assess the possibility of using neural network algorithms in choosing a method for surgical treatment of urolithiasis.

Results:

A prospective study was conducted to assess the clinical effectiveness of implementing the recommendations of the system. The average number of sessions in the group using the neural network assessment technique was 1.4. Residual fragments remained at the time of discharge in seven (15.6%) patients: four in the kidney, three in the lower third of the ureter “stone path.” Inversion of therapeutic tactics—PCNL—was performed in four cases. The efficiency of the ESWL was 91.1%. The indicators of the ESWL in the comparison groups differed statistically significantly: in the second group, the efficiency was higher due to more stone fragmentation, with lower energy costs (the average number of sessions was 0.4 less).

Conclusion:

The presented technique can be of help for a practicing urologist to choose the optimal treatment method for each patient, thereby minimizing the risk of early postoperative complications.
Adult Psychiatric Hospitalizations in Ontario, Canada Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tanner Bryan , Kurdyak Paul , de Oliveira Claire
Published: April 2023

Objective

The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric hospitalizations in Ontario are unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify changes to volumes and characteristics of psychiatric hospitalizations in Ontario during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A time series analysis was done using psychiatric hospitalizations with admissions dates from July 2017 to September 2021 identified from provincial health administrative data. Variables included monthly volumes of hospitalizations as well as proportions of stays <3 days and involuntary admissions, overall and by diagnosis (mood, psychotic, addiction, and other disorders). Changes to trends during the pandemic were tested using linear regression.

Results

A total of 236,634 psychiatric hospitalizations were identified. Volumes decreased in the first few months of the pandemic before returning to prepandemic volumes by May 2020. However, monthly hospitalizations for psychotic disorders increased by ∼9% compared to the prepandemic period and remained elevated thereafter. Short stays and involuntary admissions increased by approximately 2% and 7%, respectively, before trending downwards.

Conclusion

Psychiatric hospitalizations quickly stabilized in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, evidence suggested a shift towards a more severe presentation during this period.
Marxism versus Bourdieu on domination, consciousness and resistance: An engagement with Burawoy on Bourdieu
Authors: Atkinson Will
Published: April 2023

Michael Burawoy’s recent book-length engagement with the sociology of Pierre Bourdieu constitutes, at root, a Marxist critique of its inability to conceive of the dominated as anything other than duped and submissive, despite this sitting uneasily with Bourdieu’s own research and political practice later in life. Burawoy wonders whether Bourdieusians will be able to recognise the limits of their master’s thought, and set about revising and extending it, in the same way as Marxists did of their own master. This article responds by doing precisely that. After clarifying a different reading of misrecognition, symbolic violence and habitus, it draws out a Bourdieusian theory of social change and a ‘thicker’ conception of contemporary social orders that can accommodate or dissolve Burawoy’s arguments while maintaining fundamental separation from the Marxist project.
Gender Norms and Culture in Asian-Canadian Adolescent Boys’ Anticipating Dating Relationships
Authors: Richard Morgan E. , Gerhardt Elizabeth , Pollak Katja M. , Duan Tz-yu , Knutson Jessica M. , Dmytro Dana , Cameron Catherine Ann
Published: April 2023

Adolescent romantic experiences can have profound developmental significance and may be predictive of future romantic relationships. Despite such potential significance, little is known about the challenges that confront teenage boys when navigating dating relationships. The present study sought to understand how masculine gender norms influence boys’ attitudes and behaviors and the influence of cultural expectations as they anticipate prospective dating relationships. Focus-group discussions were held with adolescent boys ( N = 23), ranging in age from 14 to 18 years, from a multicultural Canadian city. Grounded Theory methodology was used to analyze discussion responses. The Central Category of the grounded theory was Anticipating Getting Experience in Dating, while communicating and benefiting from relationships were subcategories. Masculine Gender Norms arose as the major Contextual Category. The findings demonstrate how these boys attempted to maintain a socially approved masculine status while coincidingly struggling with confidence and the demands of this status. Contextual factors involving peer expectations, social/digital media culture, multicultural context and parents’ expectations additionally contribute to their navigational struggles. Implications for boys’ relational development, in light of masculine gender norms, are addressed. Interventions are suggested to support boys in their development of confidence in romantic communications.
Symphyseal-Sparing Mandibulectomy for Canine Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma in Dogs: 35 Cases
Authors: Bolek Ann M. , Smith Mark M. , Taney Kendall , Powers Barbara
Published: April 2023

Canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma (CAA) has been reported to be the most prevalent odontogenic tumor in dogs. The most common location of this tumor is the rostral mandible. Symphyseal-sparing mandibulectomy has been shown to be an effective technique to maintain mandibular continuity and promote early return to function. In this retrospective study, 35 dogs with CAA associated with a mandibular canine tooth were evaluated following a symphyseal-sparing rostral mandibulectomy. Dogs with intraoperative transection of the canine tooth root and subsequent root fragment extraction were included. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcome following excision of CAA with mid-root transection. Data retrospectively evaluated in this study included the following: narrowest tumor margin, narrowest tumor margin at the border associated with the transected canine root, tumor size, and prevalence of local recurrence. This study showed that 82.86% of CAA were completely excised with tumor-free margins (N = 29). The median narrowest overall tumor-free margin was 3.5 mm (interquartile range [IQR] 2.0-6.5 mm) and the median tumor-free margin associated with the border of the transected canine root was 5.0 mm (IQR 3.1-7.0 mm). Follow-up data was obtained in 25 cases via phone interviews with referring veterinarians and clients. No local tumor recurrence was reported in cases with incomplete tumor excision (N = 5). All dogs with follow-up data survived at least 1 year following surgery. It was concluded that segmental or rostral mandibulectomy with wide margins to include the entire mandibular canine tooth with subsequent mandibular instability may not be warranted for dogs with CAA associated with this tooth.
Control method of elderly-assistant robot for preventing elderly fall
Authors: Mu Xiaoqi , Zhang Xiaodong , Fu Shaonan , Alhassan Ahmad Bala , Hamza Khaled Kadry , Masengo Gilbert
Published: April 2023

The elderly are prone to fall during walking, which not only leads to injury but also can cause permanent disability or even death. Thus, it is crucial for the walking-assistant robot to prevent the elderly from fall during walking. However, the factors affecting the steadiness of the elderly are not considered comprehensively in the existing studies of elderly fall prevention model and control schemes. In this paper, a novel control method of the elderly-assistant robot for preventing elderly fall is proposed by considering the two main factors affecting steadiness of the elderly, namely, position and velocity of the center of mass. Initially, the dynamics of the robot system for preventing elderly fall are derived respectively from different elderly fall situations. Then, the elderly-assistant robot is controlled to stop at an appropriate position, and to minimize the tilt angle as small as possible to avoid overturned. The control system ensures that the position-velocity coordinates of the center of mass of the elderly reach the dynamic steadiness region which guarantees human balance. Finally, the results of the simulation and the experiments show that the proposed control method of the elderly-assistant robot can be effectively used to prevent the elderly fall during walking.
Effects of site operating conditions on real site TKPH (tonne-kilometer-per-hour) of ultra-large off-the-road tires
Authors: Ma Shaosen , Fan Chengkai , Liu Wei Victor
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of site operating conditions on the real site TKPH (tonne-kilometer-per-hour) of ultra-large off-the-road (OTR) tires. To achieve this, a novel finite element OTR tire thermal (OTRTire-T) model was developed to predict the temperatures of OTR tires. As per the results from the OTRTire-T model, the cycle length coefficient K1 and the site ambient temperature coefficient K2 were refined and then compared with existing coefficients in the literature for cross-verification. After cross-verification, these K1 and K2 coefficients were used to calculate the real site TKPHs. The real site TKPHs were investigated under different site operating conditions (i.e. average vertical tire loads, average cycle speeds, ambient temperatures, and cycle lengths). The results showed that the real site TKPH increased with a rise in average cycle speeds from 10 to 45 km/h and an elevation of ambient temperatures from −30°C to 40°C. At low ambient temperatures below 15°C, as per the real site TKPH, the loading capacity of the truck may increase (compared with its rating payload of 363 t) at mine sites. In addition, the real site TKPH increased relatively rapidly when the cycle lengths were short but rose slowly, or even leveled off, with a further increase in cycle lengths.
Active fault-tolerant control scheme for four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles under actuator faults
Authors: Wang Weida , Hu Biao , Yang Chao , Ma Taiheng , Zhang Yuhang
Published: April 2023

For chassis-by-wire in four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles (4WID-EVs), a large number of controllable actuators with control systems and electrical systems make the vehicle more sensitive to the failure of electronic components in actuators. When actuator faults occur, the stability and handling performance of 4WID-EVs will deteriorate, even affecting the driving safety. To handle this problem, the typical actuator faults of 4WID-EVs and their characteristics are firstly analyzed in detail. After that, a control-oriented uncertain 7 degrees of freedom vehicle dynamics model is established. Then, a modified sliding mode active fault tolerant control (FTC) scheme with layered architecture is proposed, which contains the upper and lower layers. In the upper layer, a modified sliding mode controller with a nonlinear extended state observer is designed to track the reference states under the influence of model uncertainty. In the lower layer, an improved torque distribution algorithm is proposed to compensate for the limited direct yaw moment caused by in-wheel motor faults. Comparison works are carried out both in simulation and experiment. Simulation results show that the proposed method improves performance by 80.5% and 70.2% compared with existing FTC method under 2 fault conditions, respectively. Furthermore, real vehicle experiments also indicate that the proposed method improves performance by 59.6% and 74.4% under two pre-set fault conditions, respectively. The proposed method might provide a theoretical reference for actual controller design in 4WID-EVs.
How can corporate social responsibility predict voluntary pro-environmental behaviors?
Authors: Huang Stanley YB
Published: April 2023

This article proposes the multilevel model to draw how corporate social responsibility (CSR) can increase pro-environmental behaviors and employs green identity as the mediator based on cognitive consistency theory. This article employs the multilevel model to test the theoretical framework using 400 employees from 100 different workgroups in the clean energy technology businesses of Greater China. The findings revealed that when an employee perceived more individual-level CSR at the initial time (Time 1) would increase more individual-level green self-categorization (GSC), green affective commitment (GAC), and green self-esteem (GSE), which consequently increased pro-environmental behaviors (PBs) at the individual level and work-unit level. This finding suggests that managers not only must build individual-level perceived CSR of employees but must also foster work-unit-level (atmosphere) CSR within a group to increase work-unit-level GI, which consequently can increase PBs.
Place-based Pedagogy in a Border Region: A Qualitative Examination of Experiences
Authors: Deringer S. Anthony , Martinez Gloria , Dussler Rob , Morreale Andrew
Published: April 2023

Background: Problematic trends have been identified with student travel that perpetuate hierarchies of power in outdoor recreation. Little research has examined the impact of bias, racism, or political national meta-narratives regarding immigration and people crossing the border on students who enter areas where cultural differences exist. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand how a place-based outdoor recreation experience impacted students’ understanding of recreational experiences on a trip in the border region of Texas. Methodology/Approach: Using a constructivist qualitative approach, the researchers provided a group of college students with place-based lessons about the Texas and Mexico border prior to and during a canoe trip along the border. The team then conducted semi-structured interviews to understand student experiences. Findings/Conclusions: The findings from this project suggest that place-based lessons may have helped students refute faulty meta-narrative, humanize cultural others, and induce sympathy for fellow travelers in the region. Implications: This project has implications for environmental educators who are teaching in places where power differentials exist between students and local people. Educators may find place-based education to be a useful tool in preparing students to learn in a non-extractive way.
Designing a Glyph-Based Polar Chart to Interpret the Results of Machine Learning Models
Authors: Nguyen Trung , Gentile Davide , Jamieson Greg A. , Gosine Raymond G. , Purmehdi Hakimeh
Published: April 2023

Explainable artificial intelligence practices can support data scientists in interpreting the results of machine learning (ML) models. However, current practices require effortful and time-consuming coding to compare explanations that either relate to different ML models of the same data, or that are generated with different computational methods. We report the development of a glyph-based polar chart (GPC), designed to support a more comprehensive interpretation of the results of ML models by allowing these comparisons. The results from our user experience evaluation indicated that the proposed GPC supported data scientists in identifying the most relevant model variables, comparing different explanation methods, and performing logic reviews.
The Role of Gender, Sexual Assault History, and Sexism in Endorsement of Rape Myths Among College Students
Authors: Wilson Laura C. , Newins Amie R.
Published: April 2023

The present study examined the roles of sexual victimization history, sexism toward women, and sexism toward men in the gender difference in rape myth acceptance. The data were obtained from 2,011 male and female college students who completed an online survey. The results suggested that gender had a significant indirect effect on rape myth acceptance via sexual assault history and several forms of sexist beliefs. The findings supported the importance of considering additional antecedents of rape myths in research, as well as in programming geared toward preventing sexual assault and improving support for survivors.
Understanding Chinese international students’ perception of cultural conflicts in Canada: Through the case of cannabis use
Authors: Zhao Kedi , Lenz Trish , Fang Lin
Published: April 2023

The legalization of recreational cannabis consumption in Canada created a cultural conflict for international students from China, where the use of cannabis is heavily criminalized and deemed immoral. This conceptual paper theorizes this cultural conflict experienced by Chinese international students in Canada by applying three theories from macro to micro levels. Neoliberalism is first used to understand how this cultural conflict exposes collisions between the neoliberal West and the rising economic power of China as illustrated through Chinese students studying in Canada. Next, acculturation theory focuses on these students’ cultural transition and provides further insight into potential strategies for their handling of specific cultural conflicts such as cannabis use. Lastly, Cloninger’s theory of substance use is adopted to explore Chinese international students’ individual reasoning about cannabis use, particularly how they make decisions based on evaluations of various conditions. Building upon the above analyses, an integrated conceptual model is further formed to help us understand Chinese students’ potential perception of cannabis use in Canada. This conceptual framework provides an important theoretical and conceptual base for future research and practice, from which to further explore cannabis use in the context of cultural transition of different immigrant and migrant groups.
What guides citizen support for redistributive EU measures as a response to COVID-19: Justice attitudes, self-interest or support for European integration?
Authors: Unger Doris , Sirsch Jürgen , Stockemer Daniel , Niemann Arne
Published: April 2023

In 2020/2021, the EU and its member states had to tackle the largest shock of the twenty-first century yet, the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 led to an unprecedented health and economic crisis. In this article, we analyse public opinion on redistributive EU measures based on an original survey in Austria, Germany and Italy and ask whether EU citizens support a common aid package, common debt and redistribution to those countries that are economically most in need. Testing the influence of three explanatory concepts – self-interest, justice attitudes and general support of European integration – we find that all three explanatory concepts have predictive power. However, we find stronger effects on support for EU-level redistribution for citizens’ instrumental calculations concerning whether their country benefits from EU aid, and on general support for EU integration, than for justice attitudes.
Synthesis and generation for 3D architecture volume with generative modeling
Authors: Zhuang Xinwei , Ju Yi , Yang Allen , Luisa Caldas
Published: April 2023

Generative design in architecture has long been studied, yet most algorithms are parameter-based and require explicit rules, and the design solutions are heavily experience-based. In the absence of a real understanding of the generation process of designing architecture and consensus evaluation matrices, empirical knowledge may be difficult to apply to similar projects or deliver to the next generation. We propose a workflow in the early design phase to synthesize and generate building morphology with artificial neural networks. Using 3D building models from the financial district of New York City as a case study, this research shows that neural networks can capture the implicit features and styles of the input dataset and create a population of design solutions that are coherent with the styles. We constructed our database using two different data representation formats, voxel matrix and signed distance function, to investigate the effect of shape representations on the performance of the generation of building shapes. A generative adversarial neural network and an auto decoder were used to generate the volume. Our study establishes the use of implicit learning to inform the design solution. Results show that both networks can grasp the implicit building forms and generate them with a similar style to the input data, between which the auto decoder with signed distance function representation provides the highest resolution results.
Embracing Complexity Within Creative Approaches to Dementia Research: Ethics, Reflexivity, and Research Practices
Authors: Campbell Sarah , Dowlen Robyn , Fleetwood-Smith Rebecka
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we present reflections from three research studies that have engaged with creative approaches to qualitative research with people living with dementia. Creative approaches to qualitative research are increasingly advocated within dementia research as they foreground alternative routes to expression and can facilitate flexible, meaningful participation. Such approaches are typically cited as illuminating people’s lived experiences as they often enable nuanced understandings around how people with dementia engage in the world around them. Yet creative approaches to research with people living with dementia involve specific complexities that require rigorous planning, generous timelines, and interdisciplinary research teams. It is important to examine the role of the researcher(s) in the development and application of creative approaches, as this impacts the extent to which the voices and experiences of people living with dementia are authentically heard and felt throughout the research. In this reflective article, we come together as three researchers who have used a range of creative and sensory approaches to understand the everyday lived experiences of people living with dementia in different contexts. We present examples taken from three doctoral research studies in which we navigated the creative research space to ensure the voices of people living with dementia are placed centrally and actively within the research process. We pay particular attention to the creative reflexive processes used in each example and explore what ethical research practices look and feel like in the context of creative research with people living with dementia. Our critical reflections lead us to discuss the opportunities that embracing creative approaches may afford in future research with people living with dementia.
Contesting spaces and civil resistance movements: A case study on India’s #FeeMustFall movement
Authors: Mishra Mayank
Published: April 2023

The paper intends to conduct a spatial reading of civil resistance movements taking Jawaharlal Nehru University’s (JNU) #FeeMustFall in India as the case study. Amidst the penetration of neoliberal politics in public goods like health and education, the pay-per-user principle is not limited to the argument of efficiency of allocation of resources. It can be comprehended as the larger strategy of the ruling dispensation to deplatform dissent and homogenise state space on an ideological singularity catering to majoritarian and hegemonic nationalism. The paper shall focus on the spatial reading of civil resistance movements using Lefebvre’s characterisation of state space and Gramsci’s understanding of hegemony and nationalism in the context of JNU’s #FeeMustFall movement.
European integration in times of economic hardship: Lessons from history
Authors: Hecke Steven Van , Cunj Bernada
Published: April 2023

The EU’s integration history is closely linked to economic challenges, particularly hardship. Over the course of more than 70 years, the economy has played a central role in both the narratives of the integration project (as a source of legitimisation) and its various episodes, from the Schuman Declaration to the Green Deal Industrial Plan. This article evaluates the importance of the internal market’s promise of ‘prosperity’ and describes some of the main responses to economic hardship, both failures and successes. Based on these, it concludes with a list of internal and external factors that always seem to be part of the way that further European integration offers answers in times of economic hardship. Given the crucial need to protect the internal market, the role of the EU is to look for (and beyond) what is necessary to supplement and to empower (but not to replace) the role of the member states. If opposing views are channelled towards a synthesis that strengthens the common good and integrates the interests of all stakeholders, economic hardship could ultimately strengthen the EU.