bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Update on Hepatorenal Syndrome
Authors: Chan Samuel , Au Kenneth , Francis Ross , Mudge David W , Johnson David W , Rahman Tony
Published: March 2017

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is one of the many potential causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with decompensated liver disease. HRS is associated with poor prognosis and represents the end-stage of a sequence of reductions in renal perfusion induced by progressively severe hepatic injury. The pathophysiology of HRS is complex with multiple mechanisms interacting simultaneously, although HRS is primarily characterised by renal vasoconstriction. A recently revised diagnostic criteria and management algorithm for AKI has been developed for patients with cirrhosis, allowing physicians to commence treatment promptly. Vasopressor therapy and other general management, such as antibiotic prophylaxis, need to be initiated whilst patients are assessed for eligibility for transplantation. Liver transplantation remains the treatment of choice for HRS but is limited by organ shortage. Other management options, such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, renal replacement therapy and molecular absorbent recirculating system, may provide short-term benefit for patients not responding to medical therapy whilst awaiting transplantation. Clinicians need to be aware of the pathophysiology and management principles of HRS to provide quality care for patients with multi-organ failure.
Clinical and Histomorphometric Assessment of Lateral Alveolar Ridge Augmentation Using a Corticocancellous Freeze-Dried Allograft Bone Block
Authors: Ahmadi Roya Shariatmadar , Sayar Ferena , Rakhshan Vahid , Iranpour Babak , Jahanbani Jahanfar , Toumaj Ahmad , Akhoondi Nasrin
Published: March 2017

Horizontal ridge augmentation with allografts has attracted notable attention because of its proper success rate and the lack of disadvantages of autografts. Corticocancellous block allografts have not been adequately studied in humans. Therefore, this study clinically and histomorphometrically evaluated the increase in ridge width after horizontal ridge augmentation using corticocancellous block allografts as well as implant success after 12 to 18 months after implantation. In 10 patients receiving implants (3 women, 7 men; mean age = 45 years), defective maxillary alveolar ridges were horizontally augmented using freeze-dried bone allograft blocks. Ridge widths were measured before augmentation, immediately after augmentation, and ∼6 months later in the reentry surgery for implantation. This was done at points 2 mm (A) and 5 mm (B) apically to the crest. Biopsy cores were acquired from the implantation site. Implant success was assessed 15.1 ± 2.7 months after implantation (range = 12–18 months). Data were analyzed using Friedman and Dunn tests (α = 0.05). At point A, ridge widths were 2.77 ± 0.37, 8.02 ± 0.87, and 6.40 ± 0.66 mm, respectively, before surgery, immediately after surgery, and before implantation. At point B, ridge widths were 3.40 ± 0.39, 9.35 ± 1.16, and 7.40 ± 1.10 mm, respectively, before surgery, immediately after surgery, and before implantation. The Friedman test showed significant increases in ridge widths, both at point A and point B (both P = .0000). Postaugmentation resorption was about 1.5–2 mm and was statistically significant at points A and B (P < .05, Dunn). The percentage of newly formed bone, residual graft material, and soft tissue were 33.0% ± 11.35% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 24.88%–41.12%), 37.50% ± 19.04% (95% CI = 23.88%–51.12%), and 29.5%, respectively. The inflammation was limited to grades 1 or zero. Twelve to 18 months after implantation, no implants caused pain or showed exudates or pockets. Radiographic bone loss was 2.0 ± 0.7 mm (range = 1–3). It can be concluded that lateral ridge augmentation with corticocancellous allograft blocks might be successful both clinically and histologically. Implants might have a proper clinical success after a minimum of 12 months.
A Tool for Educating Global Health Practitioners: the Curriculum Design Compass
Authors: Schmidt Lisa , Wray Amanda , Miller Jacqueline , Scott Jane , Pope Kenneth
Published: March 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. In health professions education there is a call for global health practitioners while in higher education there is a complementary call for internationalisation of the curriculum. However, implementation has not matched aspiration partly because of a lack of practical tools and illustrative examples. This paper takes an interdisciplinary approach and presents the design and development of a practical tool: the curriculum design compass. The curriculum design compass covers four design spaces: What do students need to know about global health?; What do students need to be taught in order to develop cultural diversity awareness and intercultural competence?; How do we teach to facilitate and demonstrate intercultural learning?; and How do we bring students into contact with the wider world?The design compass was trialled with a Nutrition and Dietetics program and generalisability was confirmed with an unrelated profession. The programs studied were able to readily understand the tool and to use it to identify areas of existing good practice and areas for improvement. Therefore, it was both a review tool and a design tool enabling programs to manageably and holistically better prepare global health practitioners.
Traumatic brain lesions in newborns
Authors: Rabelo Nícollas Nunes , Matushita Hamilton , Cardeal Daniel Dante
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT The neonatal period is a highly vulnerable time for an infant. The high neonatal morbidity and mortality rates attest to the fragility of life during this period. The incidence of birth trauma is 0.8%, varying from 0.2-2 per 1,000 births. The aim of this study is to describe brain traumas, and their mechanism, anatomy considerations, and physiopathology of the newborn traumatic brain injury. Methods A literature review using the PubMed data base, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, The Cochrane Database, Google Scholar, and clinical trials. Selected papers from 1922 to 2016 were studied. We selected 109 papers, through key-words, with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Discussion This paper discusses the risk factors for birth trauma, the anatomy of the occipito-anterior and vertex presentation, and traumatic brain lesions. Conclusion Birth-related traumatic brain injury may cause serious complications in newborn infants. Its successful management includes special training, teamwork, and an individual approach.
AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DE UMA "ESPÁTULA PUPILÔMETRO" (E.P.)
Authors: Sousa Regina Mareia Cardoso de , Koizumi María Sumie
Published: March 2017

Estudo avaliativo do uso de um instrumento para verificar diâmetro pupilar, o qual foi elaborado com uma escala de 9 circuios pretos, progressivamente maiores, com diâmetro mínimo de 1 mm e máximo de 9mm, adaptada à uma espátula de madeira.
Orientação familiar e comunitária segundo três modelos de atenção à saúde da criança
Authors: Santos Nathanielly Cristina Carvalho de Brito , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira , Collet Neusa , Reichert Altamira Pereira da Silva
Published: March 2017

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os atributos orientação familiar e orientação comunitária segundo três modelos de Atenção Primária à Saúde da criança. Métodos Estudo transversal, avaliativo e quantitativo, realizado com 1.484 familiares e/ou cuidadores de crianças menores de dez anos atendidas em diferentes modelos de atenção primária à saúde. Os atributos orientação familiar e comunitária foram avaliados utilizando-se o instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool - Brasil, versão criança. Para análise comparativa, utilizaram-se os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunnett. Resultados Isoladamente, todos os modelos de Atenção Primária à Saúde apresentaram escore insatisfatório para os atributos avaliados. Quanto comparados, houve diferença estatisticamente significativa para os atributos derivados em favor dos modelos que operam com a Estratégia Saúde da Família em relação ao modelo tradicional. Conclusão Os modelos com Estratégia Saúde da Família apresentaram maiores escores para orientação familiar e comunitária, cujos princípios podem contribuir para reorientação da atenção primária à saúde no modelo misto.
Efeitos de um workshop de simulação sobre a competência em punção arterial de estudantes de enfermagem
Authors: Hernández-Padilla José Manuel , Granero-Molina José , Márquez-Hernández Verónica V. , Cortés-Rodríguez Alda Elena , Fernández-Sola Cayetano
Published: March 2017

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar se um workshop de simulação e curta duração sobre punção da artéria radial melhoraria a competência de alunos de enfermagem em um nível em que pudessem praticar o procedimento em um paciente vivo sem comprometer sua segurança. Métodos Estudo quase-experimental do tipo pré-teste e pós-teste com um grupo de 111 estudantes do terceiro ano de enfermagem. Foi implementado um workshop de simulação e 1,5 horas de duração. Isso incluiu uma vídeo-palestra, demonstrações ao vivo, prática simulada autodirigida em díades e feedback intermitente individual. As habilidades, conhecimentos e autoeficácia dos participantes em punção arterial foram medidos antes e depois da participação no workshop. Resultados Após a intervenção, 61,1% dos participantes demonstraram o nível de competência necessário para a prática segura da punção da artéria radial em um paciente vivo sob supervisão. Conclusão O treinamento efetivo em punção arterial baseado em simulação para estudantes de enfermagem não necessariamente precisa ser intensivo em recursos. Sessões de treinamento bem planejadas e baseadas em evidências, com uso de simuladores de baixa tecnologia podem ajudar os educadores a alcançarem bons resultados educacionais e promover a segurança do paciente.
Tubule-Derived Wnts Are Required for Fibroblast Activation and Kidney Fibrosis
Authors: Zhou Dong , Fu Haiyan , Zhang Lu , Zhang Ke , Min Yali , Xiao Liangxiang , Lin Lin , Bastacky Sheldon I. , Liu Youhua
Published: March 2017

Cell-cell communication via Wnt ligands is necessary in regulating embryonic development and has been implicated in CKD. Because Wnt ligands are ubiquitously expressed, the exact cellular source of the Wnts involved in CKD remains undefined. To address this issue, we generated two conditional knockout mouse lines in which Wntless (Wls), a dedicated cargo receptor that is obligatory for Wnt secretion, was selectively ablated in tubular epithelial cells or interstitial fibroblasts. Blockade of Wnt secretion by genetic deletion of Wls in renal tubules markedly inhibited myofibroblast activation and reduced renal fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction. This effect associated with decreased activation of β-catenin and downstream gene expression and preserved tubular epithelial integrity. In contrast, fibroblast-specific deletion of Wls exhibited little effect on the severity of renal fibrosis after obstructive or ischemia-reperfusion injury. In vitro, incubation of normal rat kidney fibroblasts with tubule-derived Wnts promoted fibroblast proliferation and activation. Furthermore, compared with kidney specimens from patients without CKD, biopsy specimens from patients with CKD also displayed increased expression of multiple Wnt proteins, predominantly in renal tubular epithelium. These results illustrate that tubule-derived Wnts have an essential role in promoting fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis via epithelial-mesenchymal communication.
Reversals in Global Market Integration and Funding Liquidity
Authors: Akbari Amir , Carrieri Francesca , Malkhozov Aytek
Published: March 2017

This paper looks at the reversals in global financial integration through the funding liquidity lens. First, we construct a segmentation indicator based on differences in funding liquidity across countries as measured by the performance of betting-against-beta strategies. Second, we find that funding liquidity shocks help explain recent reversals in integration in the absence of explicit foreign investment barriers. These findings are consistent with tighter limits to arbitrage and increased home bias during funding distress periods. Our empirical analysis is guided by a margin-CAPM model generalized to an international setting.
Networked Authoritarianism and the Geopolitics of Information: Understanding Russian Internet Policy
Authors: Maréchal Nathalie
Published: March 2017

In the aftermath of the 2016 U.S. election, researchers, policymakers and the general public are grappling with the notion that the 45th president of the United States may very well owe his electoral victory to a sophisticated propaganda effort masterminded by the Kremlin. This article synthesizes existing research on Russia’s domestic information controls, its internet policy at the global level (notably via internet governance processes), and the country’s resurgence as a major geopolitical player to argue that policymakers as well as the general public should consider these themes holistically, particularly as they formulate responses to what many see as the Russian threat to Western liberal democracy. Russia may have lost the Cold War, but it is now waging information warfare against the liberal democracies of Europe and North America in a sophisticated bid to win the next round. Russia does not view internet governance, cybersecurity, and media policy as separate domains. Rather, all the areas covered by those disciplines fall under “information security” for Russian foreign policy. The paper begins by tracing the history of information controls within what is now the Russian Federation before discussing the role of information and internet policy in Russian foreign policy, drawing connections between the Russian government’s control and manipulation of information—including its internet policy—in the domestic and international arenas. Next, it discusses the spread of networked authoritarianism and suggests that a “geopolitics of information” will become increasingly necessary in the coming years. Just as networked authoritarianism establishes strategic infrastructures to control the message domestically and intervene in global media systems, liberal democracies need to rethink media and communication infrastructures to ensure they foster pluralist, rights-respecting societies that are resilient to authoritarianism and extremism. In doing so, they should resist the temptation to respond to this threat in ways that will erode democracy even further, such as expanded surveillance and limits on free expression.
Outrage without Consequences? Post-Snowden Discourses and Governmental Practice in Germany
Authors: Steiger Stefan , Schünemann Wolf J. , Dimmroth Katharina
Published: March 2017

In 2013 Edward Snowden’s disclosures of mass surveillance performed by US intelligence agencies seriously irritated politicians and citizens around the globe. This holds particularly true for privacy-sensitive communities in Germany. However, while the public was outraged, intelligence and security cooperation between the United States and Germany has been marked by continuity instead of disruption. The rather insubstantial debate over a so-called “No-Spy-Agreement” between the United States and Germany is just one telling example of the disconnect between public discourse and governmental action, as is the recent intelligence service regulation. This article considers why and where the “Snowden effect” has been lost on different discursive levels. We analyze and compare parliamentary and governmental discourses in the two years after the Snowden revelations by using the Sociology of Knowledge Approach to Discourse (SKAD) to dissect the group-specific statements and interpretive schemes in 287 official documents by the German Bundestag, selected ministries and agencies within the policy subsystem. These will be analyzed in reference to actual governmental practice.
PATH TO GENDER EQUALITY IN EDUCATION (EXPERIENCE OF GENDER AUDIT AT FACULTY OF SOCIOLOGY OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV)
Authors: Babenko S. , Males L. , Kharchenko O. , Chervinska T.
Published: March 2017

The article is focused on the results and the outcomes of the gender audit conducted at the Faculty of Sociology Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in September-October 2015 within the frame of the project "Gender Mainstreaming in Universities of Ukraine". This project involved a participative gender audit in 15 Universities of Ukraine on the basis of the methodology and procedures developed by the International Labor Organization (ILO) in order to assess the achievements of organizations in terms of gender equality. The study assessed the relevance of gender equality for education and sociological education in particular, gender stereotypes spread in professional and private spheres, especially the gender bias in education and the labor market. Also some recommendations to improve the situation in terms of the proceeding gender equality are formulated. Gender audit is proposed as a research strategy to provide a feedback to the reforms in Universities and higher education. In particular reforms of educational organizations, social relations among students, professorship, administration at universities, relevance change of gender bias in education and labor market on the way to gender equality.
Variation grammaticac forms
Authors: Melnichenko V.
Published: March 2017

The study is based on data and spiritual literacy, reflecting representation of Russian medieval man on the finiteness of life. According to the theme of the formulary and stylistic analysis of these documents the author reveals the history of the formation of the traditions related to the deceased in which "the dispensation of the soul after death" becomes the main drafters of the dominant mind-state.
The methods of teaching an emotionally coloured monologic utterance
Authors: Gyulbyakova L.K.
Published: March 2017

The article is devoted to the definition of monologic utterance, and its levels. The object of research is methods of teaching foreign students in an emotionally coloured monologic utterance. The subject of research is an emotionally charged statement from the point of view of emotiveness
Napoleone Colajanni. The Great War and the Russian Revolution
Authors: Faraci E.G.
Published: March 2017

In this essay the author studies the influence of Russian revolutionary events on the democratic interventionist Napoleone Colajanni’s institutional and political activity, during and after WWI. From the analysis of his written work, published in many magazines, emerges Colajanni’s enthusiasm for the February Revolution and his condemnation of the October Revolution. He considered the latter anti-democratic and authoritarian, because of its application of Bolshevik ideology, and also that it had influenced Italian reformism to adopt maximalist positions. From this derived his efforts to conjugate socialism and democracy, even if before his death Colajanni showed some appreciation for the first steps of Fascism.
Cosmatesque matrix: syntax of style in Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome
Authors: Tsykunov I.V.
Published: March 2017

Cosmatesque style mosaic is not only the decorative ornament that has decorated medieval temples; it is the developed symbolical system, which represents religious concepts and ideas of a universe structure. Cosmatesque structure includes hierarchy of levels that is similar to phonetic, lexical and grammatical levels of language in its functions. Figures of this style can be include in composition, structurally and functionally corresponding to the sentences and texts developing in a narrative. This article to analyse Cosmatesque syntax and interpretation of concepts of craftsmen Cosmati, on the example of Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. The author of this article assumes that the basilica floor represents the Christological cycle made of plots of the New Testament. Nevertheless, as at that time there was a ban on images of the Scripture Christological cycle is presented by symbolical design of craftsmen Cosmati.
Европейская культура в тезаурусном освещении
Authors: Луков Валерий Андреевич , Кузнецова Татьяна Федоровна , Трыков Валерий Павлович
Published: March 2017

Статья раскрывает тезаурусные основания энциклопедии «Европейская культура в русском тезаурусе», которая конструируется   на базе трудов выдающегося российского культуролога и литературоведа Владимира Андреевича Лукова (1948–2014). Это издание осуществляется с опорой на основные теоретические идеи Вл. А. Лукова, которые и составили его вклад в тезаурусную концепцию. В статье характеризуются важнейшие из этих идей, ставших теориями: 1. Тезаурусная теория культурологии (субъектная культурология); 2. Тезаурусная теория жанров, разработанная первоначально для литературоведения, но оказавшаяся применимой ко всей конструкции культурологии, социологии и философии культуры; 3. Тезаурусная теория концентров влияния, включающая  форсологию — раздел тезаурусного анализа, выявляющий «сильные позиции» в культуре, которым и соответствуют культурные концентры; 4. Теория персональных моделей автора художественного произведения — одна из наиболее оригинальных концепций Вл. А. Лукова: не обращение к индивидуальности автора литературного произведения, а перевод исследования персоналий из описательной в теоретическую форму, т. е. выявление в них общезначимого для определенной культуры. Этот взгляд выходит за пределы литературоведческого анализа и приобретает методологическое значение для гуманитарного знания во всех его разделах; 5. Теория тезаурусных сфер, которая сформировалась на базе обобщения обширных разработок Вл. А. Лукова и его коллег по Институту фундаментальных и прикладных исследований МосГУ шекспиросферы.

Шекспировские труды Вл. А. Лукова и его соавторов продвинули вперед и тезаурусную методологию по целому ряду пунктов, в частности, показывая широкую применимость идей тезаурусного расширения и культурной картины мира.

Обозначенные пять направлений в разработке тезаурусной методологии в основном отражают прикладные задачи ее использования в филологии, культурологии, философии и социологии культуры, а также определяют подходы к конструированию энциклопедии Вл. А. Лукова «Европейская культура в русском тезаурусе». 
Понимание проблемы ценности в теории исторического процесса
Authors: Васильев Юрий Альбертович
Published: March 2017

Актуальность проблемы ценности сегодня связана с активизацией исторической памяти как функции исторического познания, c осмыслением феномена забвения и «опыта разрыва» в истории. В публикации представлен анализ проблемы ценности в теории исторического знания, основанный на концепции российского методолога и теоретика истории А. С. Лаппо-Данилевского.

Проанализированы концепты обоснованной ценности и общепризнанной ценности. Автор осмысляет критерий действенности исторических фактов (масштаб и силу их влияния и воздействия на развитие общества), ценность индивидуальности, положительное и отрицательное значение ценности. Всеобщее значение факта определяется на основе качественного критерия (общего признания), историческое же значение он приобретает в случае реального воздействия и влияния на развитие общества. Аксиологический анализ ценности основан на использовании не только познавательной, но и других инструментальных парадигм — этической, эстетической и пр. Признание ценности исторического факта сопровождается его изучением с причинно-следственной точки зрения.

Автор приводит классификацию типов забвения. Часть исторического материала из повседневной жизни прошлого не имеет значения для современности, поскольку не связана с настоящей идентичностью. Другой тип забвения обусловлен недостаточным знанием причинных факторов, имевших решающее значение в прошлом. Третий тип забвения объясняется чрезмерной степенью травматичности событий в исторической памяти для общественного сознания. Наконец, забвение может порождаться обретением новой идентичности в процессе отказа от старого мира.  

Разрыв между историческим знанием и общественным сознанием необходимо преодолевать. Это связано также с проблемой ценности в истории. Об этом еще во второй половине XIX в. писал русский историк В. О. Ключевский. Для преодоления указанного разрыва требуется два условия: разработка исторического материала с целью возможности его усвоения общественным сознанием; готовность общества к изучению истории, обусловленная назревшей потребностью и необходимостью. В осмыслении так называемых трудных вопросов истории России необходимо понимание взаимосвязи проблемы ценности с российской идентичностью. 
Педология
Authors: Ковалева Антонина Ивановна , Степанова Мария Анатольевна
Published: March 2017

В статье, подготовленной к электронной энциклопедии «Социология молодежи», показаны основные черты и особенности педологии как комплексной науки о детях. Возникшая на рубеже XIX и ХХ вв. наука оказалась наиболее соответствующей задаче создания единой науки о человеке, однако ей не удалось избежать неопределенности в определении предмета исследований, неверной оценки тестирования, приписывания новой науке особых признаков обобщающей исследовательской дисциплины. Все это определило критическое отношение к педологии в СССР и ее запрет в 1936 г. В 1990-х годах в России вновь возникает интерес к педологии, но без ее извращений, характерных для 1930-х годов.
Ф. М. Достоевский: русская идея и русский социализм
Authors: Горелов Анатолий Алексеевич
Published: March 2017

 

В статье обсуждается введенное Ф. М. Достоевским понятие русской идеи и значение размышлений писателя о русском социализме. Русская идея как братское единение людей должна была, по мысли Достоевского, преодолеть разрыв между простым народом и образованными слоями населения и обеспечить общественное согласие. Но она имела и всемирно-историческое значение в качестве ненасильственного способа объединения всех жителей планеты на основе русского социализма как братства народов во Христе.

 Достоевский противопоставлял русский социализм французскому утопическому социализму, возникшему на основе идей Великой французской революции, атеистическому и деспотическому, и немецкому протестантскому социализму, который объединялся им с французским под общим названием европейского социализма. Прослеживается аналогия между развитием русской идеи и обстоятельствами жизни самого писателя. Православие как первая модификация русской идеи было отправной точкой и для становления личности самого Достоевского. Увлечение писателя в молодости утопическим социализмом соответствовало второй модификации русской идеи.

Впоследствии в процессе мучительных размышлений о судьбе России Достоевский сформировал свой личный духовный синтез, преодолевший его внутреннюю расщепленность, — соединение православия с социалистическими идеями, которое он назвал русским социализмом. Писатель рассматривал его в качестве наилучшей формы развития русской и глобальной цивилизации.
Трансгуманизм
Authors: Луков Валерий Андреевич
Published: March 2017

Энциклопедическая статья раскрывает сущность трансгуманизма как современной философской доктрины изменяющегося человека, где под воздействием генной инженерии человек приобретает свойства, не характерные для него от природы и фактически относящиеся к свойствам вещей. В статье показывается история термина от первого его появления до настоящего времени, а также движение от человека к трансчеловеку и далее — к постчеловеку. Особо рассмотрено положение новых поколений в отношении трансгуманизма как теории и практики. Утверждается, что молодежь иначе воспринимает трансгуманистическую идею, нежели представители старших поколений. Рассматриваются вопросы превращения философской доктрины в общественное движение, каковым сегодня выступает трансгуманизм в различных странах. 
Итоги XXVI Международной научной конференции «Шекспировские чтения 2016: 400 лет бессмертия поэта»
Authors: Анцыферова Ольга Юрьевна , Артемьева Людмила Сергеевна , Баранов Александр Николаевич , Бартошевич Алексей Вадимович , Гайдин Борис Николаевич , Захаров Николай Владимирович , Лисович Инна Ивановна , Кружков Григорий Михайлович , Макаров Владимир Сергеевич , Мусвик Виктория Александровна , Рогатин Владимир Анатольевич , Флорова Валерия Сергеевна , Шапинская Екатерина Николаевна , Шипилова Наталия Витальевна
Published: March 2017

В статье представлен обзор результатов XXVI Международной научной конференции «Шекспировские чтения 2016: 400 лет бессмертия поэта», которая проходила в Москве с 26 по 29 сентября 2016 г.
The impact of supply shocks on unemployment in Spain
Authors: Cuestas Juan Carlos
Published: March 2017

In this paper we aim to investigate how the relationships of falls and rises in the oil price with the unemployment rate and the equilibrium unemployment rate differ in the case of Spain. It is found that while oil price movements do not have an effect on unemployment, they do have a differential effect on the equilibrium rate of unemployment for our target country.
Structural, mechanical and in vitro studies on pulsed laser deposition of hydroxyapatite on additive manufactured polyamide substrate
Authors: Hariharan Kuppuswamy , Arumaikkannu Ganesan
Published: March 2017

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging field that merges engineering and life sciences to produce components that can effectively act as a replacement in the human body. This AM encompasses biofabrication using cells, biological or biomaterials as building blocks to fabricate biological and bio-application oriented substance, device and therapeutic products through a broad range of engineering and biological processes. Furthermore, bioactive coating on BAM surface facilitates biological fixation between the prosthesis and the hard tissue which increases the long term stability and integrity of the implant. In this paper, hydroxyapatite (HA) powder was coated over AM polyamide substrate using pulsed laser deposition. Coating morphology was characterised using scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and observed that the coating was dominated by the presence of particle droplet with different sizes. Compounds like tricalcium phosphate and a few amorphous calcium phosphates were found along with HA which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques shows the presence of phosphate and carbonate groups in the HA structure. Nano-indentation and pull-out test reveals that the layer was strong enough and withstands higher load before it peels off. In vitro analysis was evaluated with human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells with respect to the cell viability and results shows that the good viability was observed on coated surface due to combinational effect of Ca2+ and PO4 3− ions. The multitude of characterisation conducted on the coating has established that coating polyamide with HA results in a positive combination for an implant.
3D bioprinting technology for regenerative medicine applications
Authors: Sundaramurthi Dhakshinamoorthy , Rauf Sakandar , A. E. Hauser Charlotte
Published: March 2017

 Alternative strategies that overcome existing organ transplantation methods are of increasing importance because of ongoing demands and lack of adequate organ donors. Recent improvements in tissue engineering techniques offer improved solutions to this problem and will influence engineering and medicinal applications. Tissue engineering employs the synergy of cells, growth factors and scaffolds besides others with the aim to mimic the native extracellular matrix for tissue regeneration. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has been explored to create organs for transplantation, medical implants, prosthetics, in vitro models and 3D tissue models for drug testing. In addition, it is emerging as a powerful technology to provide patients with severe disease conditions with personalized treatments. Challenges in tissue engineering include the development of 3D scaffolds that closely resemble native tissues. In this review, existing printing methods such as extrusion-based, robotic dispensing, cellular inkjet, laser-assisted printing and integrated tissue organ printing (ITOP) are examined. Also, natural and synthetic polymers and their blends as well as peptides that are exploited as bioinks are discussed with emphasis on regenerative medicine applications. Furthermore, applications of 3D bioprinting in regenerative medicine, evolving strategies and future perspectives are summarized.
Expression of chemokine receptors in angiosarcoma
Authors: Kishi Tomoo , Yamamoto Yuki , Kaminaka Chikako , Toyozawa Seiko , Matsunaka Hiroshi , Furukawa Fukumi
Published: March 2017

Angiosarcoma is a rapidly progressing malignant skin tumor associated with a poor prognosis. We report an immunohistochemical investigation of chemokine receptors in angiosarcoma. The aim is to investigate chemokine receptor expression and, if it is expressed, to histologically discuss its association with age, sex, development site, and histological type. Analyzed were 12 angiosarcoma samples (mean patient age: 75.7 years old) collected by biopsy or surgery from patients at our department by comparing with 4 granuloma telangiectaticum samples (mean patient age: 37.5 years old) and 16 healthy skin samples as controls. CXCR4, CCR6, CCR7, and SDF-1 expressions were immunohistochemically investigated. CXCR4 expression was positive in 6 of the 12 samples. CCR6 and CCR7 were negative in all samples. SDF-1 was positive in 4 samples. Out of the 6 CXCR4-positive samples, 4 were SDF-1-positive. No significant difference associated with age, sex, development site, or histological type was noted in the expression of CXCR4, CCR6, CCR7, or SDF-1. Although CXCR4 is regarded as an index of tumor aggressiveness of malignant melanoma, it is suggested that chemokine receptors, such as CXCR4, do not serve as useful markers of angiosarcoma.
Clinical Legal Education Conference: Quality & Supervision
Authors: Unger Andy , Russell Alan
Published: March 2017

This conference principally explores the aims of supervision and the role of the supervisor in University Law Clinics.Jonny Hall, Associate Dean for Learning & Teaching, Northumbria Law School, will give a keynote speech on the qualities and responsibilities.We have invited student law clinic volunteers from Manchester, Huddersfield, Strathclyde and LSBU to give 10 minute presentations on their personal reasons for working in a law clinic.In the main panel discussion, chaired by Professor Elaine Hall, Professor of Legal Education Research, Northumbria Law School, representatives from University Law Clinics at Strathclyde, Kent, Northumbria, London South Bank and the Norwegian, student-led Jussbuss will lead a discussion on how much supervision of law clinic student volunteers is required, by who and for what purpose(s). The perspective of clients, students, supervisors and host institutions will be considered.The final session, led by Andy Unger, Associate Professor and Head of the Law Division, LSBU School of Law & Social Sciences, will discuss the threats and opportunities facing university law clinics in the light of the Solicitors Regulation Authority’s training for tomorrow consultation proposals.
Comunicação alternativa e pluralidade política em Cuba: o caso do Observatório Crítico
Authors: Herrera Alexei Padilha , Hernández Elisa Beatriz Ramirez , Marques Ângela Cristina Salgueiro
Published: March 2017

Partindo das discussões conceituais acerca dacomunicação alternativa feitas por estudiososcomo Martín-Barbero e Luis Ramiro Beltrán,discutimos como a socialização da internetem Cuba tem favorecido o aparecimento deespaços que, no ambiente digital, contribuempara a visualização da pluralidade políticaexistente na sociedade civil cubana atual.Apresentamos como os ativistas da RedProtagónica Observatorio Crítico (RPOC),aproveitam os recursos do ciberespaço paraconferir visibilidade a suas ideias e iniciativas,combinando suas ações online com oativismo social no espaço público.
Classes sociais, campo, grupos: contribuições para pensar a função social da escola
Authors: Lima Rita de Cássia Pereira , Campos Pedro Humberto Faria
Published: March 2017

O presente artigo tem como ponto de partida a crítica de Bourdieu ao conceito marxiano de “classes sociais”, quando o autor propõe a “teoria dos campos”. Considerando o universo escolar marcado pela presença de diversidades humanas que, nos planos material e simbólico, podem provocar divisões, relações de poder, exclusões, apresenta-se aqui uma perspectiva teórica para a abordagem da instituição escolar que permite ampliar reflexões sobre sua função social. Três aspectos centrais são abordados: a) a relação entre dominação e classes sociais na função social da escola; b) a exclusão social como paradigma societário e sua relação com a escola; c) as concepções de “campo” e de “grupo” em Bourdieu, como alternativa para avançar a concepção econômica de classes sociais no contexto escolar. O artigo procura mostrar que, na busca pela escola da diversidade e heterogênea, o conceito de “classe social” é insuficiente para explicar a riqueza das interações sociais que ocorrem no cotidiano escolar, devido, principalmente, à intensidade das trocas simbólicas presentes neste espaço. Defende-se a necessidade de buscar um referencial teórico que explique melhor as relações sociais entre diversos agentes/grupos, contexto social e cultura escolar. À guisa de conclusão, indica-se a fecundidade da aproximação entre a sociologia de Bourdieu e a perspectiva psicossocial da teoria moscoviciana das representações sociais para explicar as relações materiais e simbólicas que ocorrem na escola.
Prounistas que ingressam na pós-graduação
Authors: Cauduro Maria Teresa , Werle Flavia Obino
Published: March 2017

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa com estudo de caso na região do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, em específico no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (PPGEDU-URI/FW). A pesquisa, realizada em 2013, buscou investigar o perfil dos acadêmicos ex-prounistas da URI/FW que ingressaram na pós-graduação em educação no período 2011 a 2013 e o impacto da política pública para eles. O estudo se caracterizou como uma pesquisa quantitativa de caráter descritivo e com estudo de caso, que teve por finalidade registrar e analisar fenômenos fundamentados nas ideias de Bourdieu enquanto capital cultural. A amostra desse estudo se constituiu de forma não probabilística e intencional por oito mestrandos ex-prounistas que ingressaram no Programa de Mestrado em Educação no período mencionado. A amostra do estudo compõe a totalidade da população de ex-prounistas que ingressaram no Programa de Mestrado. A tabulação dos dados foi manual e utilizou-se da estatística descritiva (frequência e percentagem), através do emprego do programa Microsoft Excel. Como conclusão, os resultados foram que 100% dos investigados registraram que sem o ProUni não teriam tido condições de ingressar no ensino superior; que, ao concluir a graduação, em seguida foram absorvidos pelo mercado possibilitando geração de renda. Não contentes, buscaram outro nível de diploma (outro investimento) para terem acesso à melhoria de posição social e remuneração. Sugere-se que esses dados sirvam para ampliar outras investigações com dados mais quantitativos e qualitativos.
Renda familiar e escolaridade dos pais: reflexões a partir dos microdados do ENEM 2012 do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Pires André
Published: March 2017

Tendo como referência as variáveis socioeconômicas disponíveis nos Microdados do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) de 2012 para os estudantes do Estado de São Paulo, este artigo busca analisar se a origem social dos candidatos tem efeito diferenciador na caracterização, aspirações e desempenho escolar.  Os estudantes foram divididos em dois grandes grupos tendo como critério de seleção a escolaridade dos pais e a renda mensal familiar. Os resultados indicam que a origem social dos estudantes tem papel preponderante na diferenciação dos alunos, de suas aspirações e do desempenho no Enem. Possuir renda familiar acima de 20 Salários Mínimos ou ter um dos pais com curso superior aumentam substancialmente as chances dos alunos fazerem o exame numa idade considerada como adequada, de não ter parado de estudar no Ensino Médio, de ser de uma determinada cor; de aspirar entrar no Ensino Superior Público e ter condições objetivas de fazê-lo e de se sair melhor no desempenho nas provas objetivas e na redação. Ao final, o texto reflete sobre a incômoda constatação de que em 2012, no estado mais rico da federação brasileira, a origem social faça ainda tanta diferença, como parecem sugerir os números apresentados.
Spinoza: hackeador dos afetos
Authors: Gonçalves Juliana Jonson
Published: March 2017

Este ensaio trata de uma pesquisa de doutorado fundamentada pela Ética de Spinoza a qual se utiliza do conceito de afeto para discutir o tema da pichação nas cidades como movimento de presença marcante difundido pelo mundo inteiro. O olhar para a pichação do ponto de vista da Ética spinozista, sem uma moral pré-estabelecida, torna este tema mais próximo de um processo criativo e por isso não deve ser ignorado para se pensar uma composição de consciência urbana nas cidades. O corpo e a cidade só se compõem de maneira ativa enquanto estão sob relação de um afeto alegre, portanto imaginar sobre o que se vê nas cidades permite que o pensamento se torne  inventivo.
Apresentação
Authors: Amorim Antonio Carlos
Published: March 2017

A última edição do ano de 2015 da revista ETD – Educação Temática Digital compartilha com leitoras e leitores um conjunto de textos que versam sobre temáticas atuais e relevantes para o campo das pesquisas em educação cujos diálogos com os contextos sociais contemporâneos são destacáveis. São publicados um artigo, um relato de experiência, um ensaio e um texto na seção Debate, além de dez artigos que compõem um dossiê temático sobre Educação e Classe Social. O artigo e o relato de experiência abordam questões referentes ao campo de estudos sobre avaliação educacional, cada qual com sua especificidade de abordagem teórico-metodológica e reflexivo-analítica, possibilitando-nos compreender suas efetuações em contextos do Brasil e da Espanha...
A hermenêutica platônica no Íon e no Protágoras
Authors: Sousa José Renato de Araújo
Published: March 2017

A forma mais simples e imediata de definir em poucas palavras a hermêutica é chamá-la de “arte ou técnica da interpretação”. Segundo Scheleimacher os gregos teriam sido os iniciadores dessa arte, quando buscavam interpretar os versos de seus poetas. Platão pode ser visto como um desses hermeneutas antigos das obras poéticas, ao lado dos sofistas que se proclamavam como os melhores intérpretes da arte de Homero. Neste artigo procuramos acompanhar um pouco dessa hermenêutica platônica apresentada por Sócrates nos diálogos Íon e Protágoras. As considerações da personagem Sócrates são importantes para entendermos a preocupação dos gregos em decifrar os enigmas da sua própria linguagem ao fazerem a exegese dos seus textos.
A filosofia na formação do educador... Para quê?
Authors: Santos Simone dos
Published: March 2017

O texto aborda a importância da Filosofia na formação de professores a partir de um referencial teórico crítico. Discute o conceito de Filosofia da Educação enquanto um campo do saber que leva à reflexão radical, rigorosa e de conjunto sobre o campo da Educação em consonância com o pensamento de Saviani (1973) e articula tais idéias com a teoria crítica de Adorno (1995), colocando a Filosofia da Educação como campo de fundamental importância na formação de professores articulados com a possibilidade de emancipação pela educação.
Tecnologias de informação e comunicação: interesses e expectativas de estudantes
Authors: Innarelli Humberto Celeste , Oliveira Vanda de Fátima Fulgêncio de
Published: March 2017

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um levantamento empírico sobre o impacto das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) sobre a realidade de um grupo de estudantes. Foram analisados sujeitos de diferentes faixas etárias, grau de instrução, níveis socioeconômicos e sexos; oriundos de uma universidade particular de ensino superior, alunos de uma escola técnica de informática e alunos de uma escola situada na área rural. O procedimento de coleta de dados foi feito através de questionários aplicados aos sujeitos da pesquisa. Na análise, os estudantes foram caracterizados em grupos em relação ao grau de instrução, idade, sexo, utilização e freqüência de uso do computador, tempo de uso do computador, para quê usa o computador, quais os softwares e sistemas operacionais mais utilizados e a forma de uso das bibliotecas. Em seguida foi realizada uma análise envolvendo todos os estudantes dentro dos seguintes agrupamentos: Urbano versus Rural; Uso do Computador versus Pesquisa; Otimistas versus Pessimistas e Software versus Utilização. Como resultados e conclusões, apresentamos as expectativas e significados atribuídos pelos estudantes para a Sociedade da Informação e os contornos sociais e econômicos que os envolvem.
A necessidade de se adptar
Authors: Alves Aparecido Donisete
Published: March 2017

Encontrar a perfeição para o armazenamento do conhecimento e a sua viabilidade fazem do ser humano um contínuo explorador e criador de mecanismos que possam diminuir ou sanar por completo esta questão tão complexa e emocionante para todos que trabalham com a informação em toda a sua funcionalidade. Citando alguns pontos básicos, pode-se perceber que houve progressos consideráveis neste âmbito da manutenção da informação, tais como: o aperfeiçoamento das técnicas e dos materiais para restauração e encadernação, mas ainda é baixa a produção destes mecanismos e para piorar a situação, os países em desenvolvimento não têm condições para arcar com o avanço tecnológico e a sua manutenção e a guarda das informações, juntamente com o crescente volume acumulado por todos estes séculos e a velocidade estonteante que necessitam de tratamentoadequado para a sua guarda.
Formato MARC 21 bibliográfico para publicações
Authors: Vosgrau Sonia Regina Casselhas , Santos Antonieta A. Cruz , Pazini Elizabeth Maria A. Prado , Souza Josidelma F. de , Moura Sandra Maria , Lima Vera Lúcia de
Published: March 2017

O artigo apresenta um estudo do formato MARC 21 bibliográfico aplicado às publicações seriadas e inclui os campos 853 e 863 relacionados ao registro de coleções (Marc Holdings). São apresentados aqui os campos padrões para uma parametrização completa do registro de publicações seriadas.