bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of CALL on Vocabulary Learning, Speaking Skill, and Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety: The Case Study of Indonesian EFL Learners
Authors: Hanafiah Waode , Aswad Muhammad , Sahib Harlinah , Yassi Abdul Hakim , Mousavi Movahede Sadat
Published: January 2022

Using computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in English language learning has not received the attention it deserves in Indonesian EFL context; thus, this study tried to inspect the impacts of CALL on Indonesian EFL learners’ vocabulary learning, speaking skill, and speaking anxiety. To reach this end, the Oxford Quick Placement Test (OQPT) was administered to 103 Indonesian EFL students, and 60 of them whose English proficiency levels were intermediate were chosen as the respondents of this investigation. They were divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. Then, a vocabulary test, a speaking test, and a Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) questionnaire were administered to the groups as the pretests of the study. After that, the conversations and the vocabulary items of six lessons of Family and Friends Book 6 were taught to the experimental group by an online instruction (Skype application). On the other side, the same conversations and vocabulary items were taught to the control participants by a conventional instruction (face-to-face class). After teaching the conversations and vocabulary items, the posttests of vocabulary, speaking skill, and anxiety were administered to the groups to determine the influences of the intervention on their vocabulary, speaking, and anxiety. The collected data were analyzed by utilizing independent samples and paired samples t-tests, and the gained outcomes indicated that the experimental participants outflanked the control participants both in the speaking and vocabulary posttests. Moreover, the outcomes of the questionnaire demonstrated that the experimental participants had less amount of speaking anxiety compared to the control participants after receiving the treatment. Finally, the implications and the conclusions of the results were explained at the end of the research.
Investigating the Molecular Mechanism of Xijiao Dihuang Decoction for the Treatment of SLE Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis
Authors: Wei Fangzhi , Song Yitian , Gong Aiming , Pan Chengdan , Zhuang Yanping , Zhang Xuan , Zeng Minyu
Published: January 2022

Objective. To elucidate the main mechanism of Xijiao Dihuang decoction (XJDHT) for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. TCMSP, BATMAN‐TCM, ETCM, and TCMID databases and literature search were used to screen the potential active compounds of XJDHT, and TCMSP and SwissProt databases were searched to predict the targets of the compounds. The targets of SLE were obtained from Genegards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases, and Venn online platform was used to obtain the intersection targets of XJDHT and SLE. Afterwards, the PPI network was constructed by using the STRING database, and the core targets were identified by network topology analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed through R software, and molecular docking of the top three core targets and their corresponding compounds were accomplished by Autodock Vina and Pymol softwares. Results. There were 30 potential active ingredients, 289 potential targets, and 129 intersection targets screened from the above databases. Network topology analysis identified 23 core targets, such as AKT1, TNF, IL6, IL1B, and INS. GO enrichment analysis obtained 2555 terms and mainly clustering on the react to lipopolysaccharide, membrane raft, and ubiquitin‐like protein ligase binding. KEGG enrichment analysis obtained 187 signaling pathways, mainly concentrating on the lipid and atherosclerosis, AGE‐RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, fluid shear stress, and atherosclerosis. Molecular docking verified that the active compounds of XJDHT have the strong binding activity to the core targets. Conclusion. This study preliminarily uncovers the mechanism of XJDHT acting on SLE through a “multicompound, multitarget, and multipathway” manner. XJDHT may achieve the treatment of SLE by inhibiting the proinflammatory factors, inflammatory signal cvtokines, proliferation, injury, and apoptosis processes. In summary, the present study would provide a promising theoretical basis for further clinical and experimental studies.
The Use of Wireless Network Combined with Artificial Intelligence Technology in the Reform of Music Online Teaching System
Authors: Chen Fan , Meng Huan
Published: January 2022

The purpose is to respond to the call of the government on the artificial intelligence (AI) policy of music online education. First, wireless network technology and AI technology are described in detail; the application principle of AI technology in traditional music teaching mode and online teaching mode is analyzed; then, the combination model of AI technology and music online education system in 5th-generation (5G) wireless network environment is proposed. These models include music online composition teaching model, music online teaching scoring model, and music online lyric writing teaching model. Finally, the models are verified in the application of AI technology. The results show that AI technology has good application performance in the models above. Moreover, the direction of music online teaching reform and innovation along the combination of 5G network environment and AI is correct under the background of the new era. This exploration expands the application scenario of AI technology and provides ideas for the reform and innovation of music online education in the context of the new era.
Unintended Pregnancy and Associated Factors among Women Who Live in Ilu Gelan District, Western Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Yohannes Ephrem , Balis Bikila
Published: January 2022

Background. The World Health Organization Report noted that unintended pregnancy is the most common cause of maternal mortality in developing countries. Most unintended pregnancies occur where access to maternal care is limited, and because of this, many mothers lose their life. Therefore, this study was an attempt to assess the proportion of unintended pregnancy and associated factors among women who live in Ilu Gelan District, Western Ethiopia, 2021. Method. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural and urban kebeles of Ilu Gelan Woreda West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia, from March 1 to 30, 2021. The study population consists of 540 pregnant women who were living in Ilu Gelan Woreda for at least the last six months during the data collection period. Simple random sampling by lottery method was used to recruit the study subject. Data were checked, coded, entered to EpiData version 3, and then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Both descriptive and analytical statistical procedures were utilized. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions was implemented. Result. In this study, the proportion of unintended pregnancy was found to be 55%, at 95% CI: 50.7-59.3. Multivariable logistic regression results showed that married women (

AOR
=
0.117

, CI: 0.04-0.38), monthly income less than 1000 Ethiopian Birr (

AOR
=
4.93

, CI: 1.72-14.09), gravidity greater than or equal to five (

AOR
=
6.07

, CI: 2.4-15.28), birth interval less than 2 years

(
AOR
=
3.35

(1.44-7.8)), lack of awareness about contraceptive (

AOR
=
2.06

(1.03-4.15)), and husband decision-making on health care (

AOR
=
11.1

(2.07-59.51)) were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. Conclusion and Recommendation. This study indicated that more than half of pregnant women reported that their current pregnancy was found to be unintended pregnancy. Married women, family monthly income less than 1000 Ethiopian Birr, gravidity greater than or equal to five, birth space less than two years, lack of contraceptive awareness, and health care decisions by husband only showed a significant association with unintended pregnancy. To decrease the current level of unintended pregnancy, all concerned stakeholders should emphatically consider those identified factors for intervention; specifically, Ilu Gelan District Health Bureau and health providers should empower women with health education about family planning and decision-making related to their health issues in the study area.
Citizen Responder Activation in Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest by Time of Day and Day of Week
Authors: Mottlau Katarina Høgh , Andelius Linn Charlotte , Gregersen Rasmus , Malta Hansen Carolina , Folke Fredrik
Published: January 2022

Background

We aim to examine diurnal and weekday variations in citizen responder availability and intervention at out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation.

Methods and Results

We included confirmed OHCAs where citizen responders were activated by a smartphone application in the Capital Region of Denmark between September 1, 2017 and August 31, 2018. OHCAs were analyzed by time of day (daytime: 07:00 
am
–03:59 
pm
, evening: 4:00–11:59 
pm
, and nighttime: 12:00–06:59 
am
) and day of week (Monday–Friday or Saturday–Sunday/public holidays). We included 438 OHCAs where 6836 citizen responders were activated. More citizen responders accepted alarms in the evening (mean 4.8 [95% CI, 4.4–5.3]) compared with daytime (3.7 [95% CI, 3.4–4.4]) and nighttime (1.8 [95% CI, 1.5–2.2]) (
P
<0.001), and more accepted alarms during weekends (4.3 [95% CI, 3.8–4.9]) compared with weekdays (3.4 [95% CI, 3.2–3.7]) (
P
<0.001). Proportion of OHCAs where at least 1 citizen responder arrived before Emergency Medical Services were significantly different between day (42.9%), evening (50.3%), and night (26.1%) (
P
<0.001), and between weekdays (37.2%) and weekends (53.5%) (
P
=0.002). When responders arrived before Emergency Medical Services, there was no difference of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation or defibrillation between daytime, evening, and nighttime (
P
=0.75 and
P
=0.22, respectively) or between weekend and weekdays (
P
=0.29 and
P
=0.12, respectively).

Conclusions

Citizen responders were more likely to accept OHCA alarms during evening and weekends, with the highest proportion of responders arriving before Emergency Medical Services in the evening. However, there was no significant difference in delivering cardiopulmonary resuscitation or early defibrillation among cases where citizen responders arrived before Emergency Medical Services.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03835403.
Community Policing in Malawi: Citizen Involvement, Satisfaction and Challenges
Authors: Mutupha Joseph Fredrick , Zhu Yapeng
Published: January 2022

The concept of community policing was adopted by the Malawi government as a vehicle to facilitate police and the public engagement in fighting crimes. Considering that community policing has existed for over a decade in Malawi, this study was carried out to holistically uncover challenges associated with public involvement in community policing activities with the purpose to provide empirically backed strategies for the efficient implementation of the concept.

The study employed a case study approach. Purposive sampling was used on one hand to select the research site – Central Regions of Malawi and to select the police officers working as Community Policing Coordinators and members of the communities working in Community Police Forums. Quota sampling was used to select police officers and members of the community from each district. Finally, convenient sampling was used to select police officers and members within the quotas of each district. Focus group discussions were conducted with 16 Community Police Forums; interviews were conducted with 16 Community Policing Coordinators; a questionnaire was used to collect data from 144 community members and 200 police officers.

Results show that the community members are not satisfied with police officers in the way they implement the community policing because the police do not offer the public enough protection from criminals and that the police mostly treat the community badly. The community members were involved in the implementation of the community policing mainly because of worsening crimes in the community, personal fear of the crimes, need to be recognised by the police and the desire to benefit from the rewards from Non-Governmental Organisations in form of food. The factors that challenged the implementation of community policing include lack of knowledge on community policing on the part of police officers; lack of recognition of community policing; corrupt practices; lack of confidentiality; poor working relationship; and lack of resources.

The concept of community policing continues to receive unprecedented attention in police reforms. Much as there is evidence of growing literature on this concept, little is known in Malawi where this study was conducted. In light of this, the study provides valuable literature which might be necessary for global academics and particularly in community policing in Malawi with practical implications on re-designing and continued implementation of community policing in Malawi and perhaps other developing countries.
Facile Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanozymes for Synergistically Colorimetric and Magnetic Resonance Detection Strategy
Authors: Huang Shihui , Jiang Shuqi , Liu Hong , Cai Jiali , Chen Gengjia , Xu Junyao , Kai Dan , Bai Pengli , Zhou Ruiping , Wang Zhiyong
Published: January 2022

Iron oxide nanomaterials with mimic enzymes activity have been paid more attention in the clinical diagnosis field. The modified surface molecules would influence the catalytic activity of nanozyme, which is worth studying. Furthermore, the traditional detection strategy is based on
colorimetric change of substrates, however, the optical signal is easy to be interfered in complex biological applications. In our research, an efficient and facile preparation strategy was developed to obtain functional artificial nanozymes. Herein, three kinds of surfactants, including citrate
acid, poly(ethylene glycol) bis (carboxymethyl) ether and tannic acid have been applied to modify these nanomaterials that showed uniform size, high soluble dispersity and stability. Furthermore, these nanozymes exhibited different peroxidase-like activity to catalyze the hydrogen peroxide
and 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine. More importantly, magnetic relaxation effect of iron oxide nanozymes was found to be changed during the catalytic reaction. In addition, the relationship between the magnetic signal of nanozymes and the substrate concentration showed a good linear
dependence. Combined with the natural enzymes, the magnetic detection of iron oxide nanozymes also exhibited excellent substrate specificity. On these bases, a dual-function specific assay was constructed and further used for glucose detection. In conclusion, this study demonstrated an efficient
iron oxide nanozymes preparation method and constructed a new synergistically colorimetric-magnetic diagnosis strategy.
Insights into the Usefulness of a New Extreme Weather Guidance Tool: The Long-Range Tropical Cyclone Outlook for the Southwest Pacific (TCO-SP)
Authors: Magee Andrew D. , Kiem Anthony S. , Lorrey Andrew M.
Published: January 2022

Tropical cyclones (TCs) produce extreme winds, large waves, storm surges, intense rainfall, and flooding and account for almost 75% of natural disasters across the southwest Pacific (SWP) region. The island nations and territories across the SWP rely on seasonal TC outlooks for insights into possible risks for the coming TC season. Launched in July 2020, the Long-Range Tropical Cyclone Outlook for the Southwest Pacific (TCO-SP) provides deterministic (frequency) and probabilistic (likelihood) TC outlooks for 12 subregional and island-scale locations up to 4 months (July) before the start of the SWP TC season (November–April). Following TCO-SP’s first season of operation, this study (i) outlines the process of generating and communicating TCO-SP outlooks, (ii) provides a postseason validation of TCO-SP performance on the 2020/21 SWP TC season, and (iii) reports on the results of a questionnaire used to determine end-user needs and user-perceived usefulness of TCO-SP. Postseason validation indicates that TCO-SP successfully predicted a near-normal SWP TC season. Island- and regional-scale guidance also performed well, with an average skill score of 54% across all regions. Analysis of responses to a TCO-SP questionnaire revealed a diverse and global user base that indicate the core features of TCO-SP (island-scale/regional-scale outlooks, regular monthly updates, and an outlook lead time up to 4 months before the start of the TC season) are particularly useful. TCO-SP will continue to innovate to deliver reliable and trusted TC outlooks with a goal to reduce disaster risk and increase resilience across the SWP region.
Youth and suicidality: Correlates among clients attending youth mental health promotion clinics in India
Authors: Banandur Pradeep , Hasiruvalli Gangappa Virupaksha , Koujageri Jyoti M , Garady Lavanya , Arelingaiah Mutharaju , Ramamurthy Sathya Velu , Naik Vani , Rai Veeksha , Giboy Shalin , Sajjanar Sateesh , Subhash Chandra Kasipalli Laxminarayana , Rajneesh Shalini , Gopalkrishna Gururaj
Published: January 2022

Background:

Suicidality among youth is one of the most challenging public health issues. A thorough understanding of the risk factors that contribute to youth suicidality is necessary. The main aim of the study is to estimate the proportion of suicidality and understand factors associated with suicidality amongst clients attending youth mental health promotion clinics in Karnataka, India.

Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional case record analysis was performed utilising data from real-time digitised management information system specifically developed for the programme. All case records of clients aged 15 to 35 years who received mental health promotion (MHP) services between January 2017 and December 2020 across 30 districts of Karnataka were included in this analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with suicidality among clients as outcome. Socio-demographic characteristics, issues reported, feelings/emotions that indicate underlying mental health issue/crisis, being aware of suicidality among friends and family and personal habits (smoking/chewing tobacco and drinking alcohol) were considered potential exposure variables.

Findings:

Overall proportion of suicidality among youth presenting to youth mental health promotion clinics in Karnataka was 3.5% (357/10,340). Among factors associated with suicidality, the strongest association was found among those clients who reported attempted suicide among friends (AOR 8.94; 95% CI 5.95–13.45), family members (AOR 5.50; 95% CI 3.66–8.29), being anxious (AOR 4.90; 95% CI 3.43–6.99), inability to trust anyone (AOR 4.07; 95% CI 2.75–6.03), had issues of Gender, Sex and Sexuality (AOR 3.16; 95% CI 1.93–5.17) and relationship issues (AOR 2.77; 95% CI 2.05–3.73).

Conclusion:

The results alert all institutions, organisations and departments that cater to services and development of youth, to be sensitive towards risk factors of suicidality. The study advocates youth mental health promotion clinics to be equipped with measures/interventions to identify and manage such risk factors. This study has implications for Youth mental health promotion in India and other similar South-East Asian countries.
Comparative study between mechanical and chemical treatments for the preparation of nanocellulose
Authors: Bracone Melina E , Ludueña Leandro N , Alvarez Vera A
Published: January 2022

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) is usually obtained by the acid hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose for its use as polymer reinforcement. An ecological alternative to this process, avoiding the use of acids, is a mechanical method. High intensity ultrasonication (HIU) in optimal conditions (time, wave amplitude, volume ratio fiber/solution, cellulose extraction source) can be applied to prepare nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). In this work, the HIU method was used to mechanically prepare NFC. Ultrasonication time (t) and wave amplitude (A) were optimized seeking for NFC with high crystallinity, strong thermal stability, large aspect ratio (length to diameter) and large surface to volume ratio with diameter in nanometer scale. The morphology and the physical/chemical properties of the NFC prepared at optimal HIU conditions were compared with those of NCC prepared from the same cellulose source at optimal acid hydrolysis (AH) conditions. Similar purity, lower crystallinity, improved thermal stability and larger aspect ratio with diameter in nanoscale were obtained for NFC prepared by HIU. These results can be used as an initial screening for the selection of the optimal process for NCC manufacture focusing on their use as polymer reinforcement.
Making sense of downstream labour risk in global value chains: The case of the Australian cotton industry
Authors: Boersma Martijn , Josserand Emmanuel , Kaine Sarah , Payne Alice
Published: January 2022

While the efforts by actors on the buyer-side of value chains – such as brands and retailers – to address upstream labour abuses are well documented, there is a lack of research into how actors on the production-side of value chains – such as raw material producers – can identify and address downstream labour risks. This research presents the findings of an action research project that focused on the Australian cotton industry. By applying a sense-making lens, we propose four properties that can be used to identify labour risk in global value chains, providing insights into the capacity of producers to address downstream labour abuses. We suggest that there is a possibility for a ‘book-end’ approach that combines upstream and downstream actions by buyers and producers in global value chains.
Expanding Data to Care Programs to Improve HIV Care Continuum Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Persons: Key Processes and Outcomes From Project PrIDE, 2015-2019
Authors: Mulatu Mesfin S. , Carter Jarvis W. , Flores Stephen A. , Benton Shaliondel , Galindo Carla A. , Johnson Wayne D. , Wilkes Aisha L. , Mbaka Cecily K. , Prather Cynthia
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

During 2015-2019, five local and state health department jurisdictions implemented Data to Care (D2C) programs supported by Project PrIDE (Pre-exposure prophylaxis, Implementation, Data to Care, and Evaluation) to improve linkage or reengagement in HIV medical care among persons with HIV (PWH) who had gaps in care, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons. We describe findings from the cross-jurisdiction evaluation of the project.

Methods:

We conducted a qualitative analysis of the final progress reports submitted by PrIDE jurisdictions to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to identify key D2C activities implemented and challenges encountered. We also conducted descriptive analysis on aggregate quantitative data to summarize key D2C program outcomes.

Results:

PrIDE jurisdictions implemented multiple activities to build their D2C capacity, identify PWH who were not in care or virally suppressed, provide linkage/reengagement services, and monitor outcomes. Overall, 11 463 PWH were selected for follow-up, 45% of whom were MSM or transgender persons. Investigations were completed for 8935 (77.9%) PWH. Only 2323 (26.0%) PWH were confirmed not in care or virally suppressed; 1194 (51.4%) were subsequently linked/reengaged in care; among those, 679 (56.9%) were virally suppressed at last test. PrIDE jurisdictions identified data-related (eg, incomplete or delayed laboratory results), program capacity (eg, insufficient staff), and social and structural (eg, unstable housing) challenges that affected their D2C implementation.

Conclusions:

PrIDE jurisdictions successfully enhanced their D2C capacity, reached priority populations who were not in care or virally suppressed, and improved their engagement in care and health outcomes. Data-related and non–data-related challenges limited the efficiency of D2C programs. Findings can help inform other D2C programs and contribute to national HIV prevention goals.
Minnesota Electronic Health Record Consortium COVID-19 Project: Informing Pandemic Response Through Statewide Collaboration Using Observational Data
Authors: Winkelman Tyler N. A. , Margolis Karen L. , Waring Stephen , Bodurtha Peter J. , Khazanchi Rohan , Gildemeister Stefan , Mink Pamela J. , DeSilva Malini , Murray Anne M. , Rai Nayanjot , Sonier Julie , Neely Claire , Johnson Steven G. , Chamberlain Alanna M. , Yu Yue , McFarling Lynn M. , Dudley R. Adams , Drawz Paul E.
Published: January 2022

Objective:

Robust disease and syndromic surveillance tools are underdeveloped in the United States, as evidenced by limitations and heterogeneity in sociodemographic data collection throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. To monitor the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota, we developed a federated data network in March 2020 using electronic health record (EHR) data from 8 multispecialty health systems.

Materials and Methods:

In this serial cross-sectional study, we examined patients of all ages who received a COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test, had symptoms of a viral illness, or received an influenza test from January 3, 2016, through November 7, 2020. We evaluated COVID-19 testing rates among patients with symptoms of viral illness and percentage positivity among all patients tested, in aggregate and by zip code. We stratified results by patient and area-level characteristics.

Results:

Cumulative COVID-19 positivity rates were similar for people aged 12-64 years (range, 15.1%-17.6%) but lower for adults aged ≥65 years (range, 9.3%-10.7%). We found notable racial and ethnic disparities in positivity rates early in the pandemic, whereas COVID-19 positivity was similarly elevated across most racial and ethnic groups by the end of 2020. Positivity rates remained substantially higher among Hispanic patients compared with other racial and ethnic groups throughout the study period. We found similar trends across area-level income and rurality, with disparities early in the pandemic converging over time.

Practice Implications:

We rapidly developed a distributed data network across Minnesota to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings highlight the utility of using EHR data to monitor the current pandemic as well as future public health priorities. Building partnerships with public health agencies can help ensure data streams are flexible and tailored to meet the changing needs of decision makers.
Power policies, challenges, and recommendations of renewable resource assessment in Pakistan
Authors: Hulio Zahid Hussain , Jiang Wei , Chandio Ghulam Sarwar
Published: January 2022

Pakistan is a developing nation that emphatically needs low cost energy resources to cope up with the economic growth. The major portion of energy is being generated by conventional methods. To generate energy through conventional methods is an expensive business that has direct impact on socio economic conditions corresponding to the rising of prices of energy in Pakistan. Another major implication of generation of energy by conventional source is increasing of circular debt that crossed Rs: 10 billion. The objective of this paper is to assess the potential of renewable energy resources and role of Government in policy formulation. The assessment showed that there is large availability of renewable energy resources. However, the formulated renewable energy policy does not have effect on the practical realization of renewable energy. This research study provides further insight owing to power policies, renewable energy transition and challenges of renewable energy policy facing in Pakistan. After potential assessment of renewable energy resources, the recommendations have been put forwarded that would help to promote renewable energy, as a key indicator in the sustainable growth and accelerating the energy transition to future energy perspectives of country.
Compression characteristics of local filling gangue in Steeply Dipping Coal Seam
Authors: Lv Wenyu , Guo Kai , Wu Yongping , Tan Yi , Ding Ke , Li Bo
Published: January 2022

Coal gangue is widely used as a filling material in coal seam mining. During the gangue filling in steeply dipping coal seam, the loading rate, gangue gradation, and filling speed have an important impact on the deformation and failure of gangue, and further affect the bearing of gangue on overlying strata and the control of surrounding rock movement and deformation. Therefore, this article uses a self-made steel cylinder to conduct a gangue compression test on the HCT pressure testing machine. The research analyzes the influence of loading rate, gangue gradation, and filling rate on the deformation law of gangue in the compression process. After completing the test, the gangues with different particle size groups were rescreened, weighed, and recorded to analyze the crushing situation in the compression process. The results show that loading rate, gangue gradation, and filling speed have greatly influenced filling gangue's bearing capacity, deformation, and crushing rate. The larger the loading rate of gangue, the greater the bearing capacity and deformation of gangue, and the higher the crushing rate of gangue. The smaller the gangue gradation, the smaller the deformation, and the stronger the resistance to deformation. A more optimized gangue gradation ratio is obtained according to the distribution law of the mass proportion of gangue with different particle size groups after compression. The faster the filling speed of manual filling gangue, the greater the strength and deformation of the gangue body. Moreover, the faster filling speed can effectively improve when the strength reaches the peak and deformation tend to be stable. The results can provide theoretical guidance for the local filling of artificial gangue in the longwall working face of steeply dipping coal seam.
The Clinical Characteristics in Children with Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yi Huanhuan , Ji Tingting , Song Xiaorui , Seng Dongjie , Zhao Jing , Ni Xin
Published: January 2022

Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) is one of the most common benign epithelial tumors but rarely occurs in children. The case of a 9-year-old Chinese boy, who presented with a left maxillofacial hump, nasal obstruction, and left nasal cavity and maxillary sinus masses under nasal endoscopy, is reported. The lesion was first diagnosed as a sinonasal tumor. However, to our surprise, the mass was determined to be an inverted papilloma after a detailed histological examination. We retrospectively reported the clinical data of this case and reviewed the relevant literatures on SNIP. This report aims to provide new insights into the clinical characteristics in children with SNIP and improve the understanding of this disease.
Reflections on the Contemporary Public Sphere: An Interview with Judith Butler
Authors: Seeliger Martin , Villa Braslavsky Paula-Irene
Published: January 2022

In this conversation, Berkeley-based philosopher Judith Butler offers insights into her understanding of the public sphere and its current transformations as a core dimension of political subjectivity. Beginning with her own understanding of Habermas’ classic, the interview centers around its connection to other classical texts (e.g. of Hannah Arendt) and timely political debates.
Does Expertise Reduce Rates of Inattentional Blindness? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ekelund Malin , Fernsund Hanna , Karlsson Simon , Mac Giolla Erik
Published: January 2022

Inattentional blindness occurs when one fails to notice a fully visible stimulus because one's attention is on another task. Researchers have suggested that expertise at this other task should reduce rates of inattentional blindness. However, research on the topic has produced mixed findings. To gain clarity on the issue, we meta-analyzed the extant studies ( K = 14; N = 1153). On average, experts showed only a slight reduction in rates of inattentional blindness: 62% of novices experienced inattentional blindness compared to 56% of experts, weighted odds ratio = 1.33, 95% CI [0.78, 2.28]. The relevance of the stimuli to the experts’ domain of expertise showed no notable moderating effects. The low number of the included studies, and the small sample sizes of the original studies, weaken our conclusions. Nonetheless, when taken together, the available evidence provides little support for any reliable influence of expertise on rates of inattentional blindness.
Effect of Weather and Game Factors on Injury Rates in Professional Baseball Players
Authors: Chalmers Peter N. , Mcelheny Kathryn , D’Angelo John , Rowe Dana , Ma Kevin , Curriero Frank C. , Kvit Anton , Erickson Brandon J.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Injury rates in baseball players of all ages are increasing. Identifying modifiable risk factors is paramount to implementing injury prevention programs.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose was to evaluate the influence of weather (temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and heat index) and game factors (start time, duration, single vs doubleheader) on injury rates in professional baseball players. We hypothesized that colder temperatures would be associated with significantly more injuries per game.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

This was a retrospective database study. Two data sets were combined: 1 containing all injuries in Major and Minor League Baseball between 2011 and 2017 and 1 containing all games played in Major and Minor League Baseball during the same period to determine the number of injuries per game. Temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and heat index were determined for each game using the data from the US Environmental Protection Agency. Additional game variables included the level of play, the turf type (natural vs artificial grass), the stadium type (open vs dome vs retractable), the game start time, the game duration, and whether the game was a doubleheader. Then, a multivariate analysis was conducted to determine which factors were associated with the number of injuries per game.

Results:

In total, our analysis included 33,587 injuries and 76,747 games. A total of 25,776 (33.6%) games contained an injury, and 41% of injuries occurred as multiples per game, with up to 9 injuries per game. The multivariate analysis identified significant associations between game duration and injuries per game ( P < .001; effect size, 0.013) and the level of play and injuries per game ( P < .001; effect size, 0.011). There were significant associations between the venue type ( P < .001), the game start time ( P < .001), humidity ( P < .001), the turf type ( P = .016), and barometric pressure ( P = .031); however, the effect size for each was <0.001, suggesting that these factors are clinically unimportant. Our overall model produced an R2 of 0.04, indicating that these variables only predicted 4% of the variance in injury risk.

Conclusion:

In professional baseball, the weather is not associated with injury risk; however, game duration may contribute to injury risk.
Assessing Older Adults’ Decision-Making Capacity for Independent Living: Practice Tensions and Complexities
Authors: Usher Ruth , Stapleton Tadhg
Published: January 2022

Decision-making capacity (DMC) is a salient issue due to increasing ageing populations and associated dementia-related diseases. Legislative and policy developments emphasise older adults’ rights to participate in decision-making. Fifty-two occupational therapists working with older adults from a range of practice settings in Ireland participated in focus groups to discuss their contribution to multidisciplinary assessments of older adult’s DMC for independent living. Findings indicate lack of shared understanding of DMC and conflicting philosophies of practice and highlight the need for a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. Findings also highlight that older people are often excluded from care-planning, and independent living options are determined by availability of community services rather than their preferences. Future research will attempt to inform practice in assessing and supporting older adults’ DMC for independent living.
Experimental research on temperature distribution and charring rate of typical components of wood structure building
Authors: Wei Shanyang , Yang Huan , Gao Butong , Cheng Haitao , Lu Rongxiu , Dong Lihui
Published: January 2022

This study presents the fire performance of typical components of wood structure buildings. The wooden beams and floor slabs, quite common in wood structure buildings, were burned with different fire exposure times by a pool fire source. Then, the surface temperature evolution and the charring rate were recorded and analyzed. The results show that the flashover and re-ignition phenomenon occurred in all wood materials under the burning pool fires. The glulam beam cross-section was U-shaped, and the maximum charring rates of glulam beam, cross-laminated timber floor, and cross-laminated timber partition board were 0.833 mm/min, 1.538 mm/min, and 0.435 mm/min, respectively. It can be seen that the combustion behavior time of specimens with different cross-section thicknesses is different. If the thickness of the specimens is appropriately increased, their combustion behavior time can be significantly improved.
Cloudy fluid, cloudy diagnosis
Authors: Risco-Zevallos Jimena Del , Piñeyroa Juan , Rodríguez-Espinosa Diana , Garrote Marta , Gaya Anna , Broseta José Jesús , Quintana Luis F , Blasco Miquel , Rivera Manel Vera
Published: January 2022

Here, we report a case of a patient with cloudy effluent that was initially diagnosed as bacterial peritonitis. The persistence of a cloudy effluent despite antibiotic therapy led to an extensive peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent analysis, with the final diagnosis being high-grade B-cell lymphoma. This case will increase the awareness of this rare presentation of a lymphoproliferative disorder reminding clinicians to consider this diagnosis as a part of the differential diagnosis PD effluent.
The Antecedents of Nonprofit Board Interlock: A Longitudinal Examination on Network Structure, Homophily, and Organizational Attributes
Authors: Yoon Nara
Published: January 2022

A board interlock creates interorganizational networks where organizations are interconnected via overlapping board of directors. Board interlock is important for nonprofits because of its potential to impact organizational performance through the flow of information, resources, and status. While much is known about the consequences of board interlock, little is known about the mechanisms underlying its antecedents. This study explores three types of predictors of board interlock: organizational, dyadic, and structural characteristics. Inferential network analysis of a 17-year-period panel of nonprofits demonstrates that network relationships are shaped by the existing network structures, such as the tendency for preferential attachment (e.g., a social preference to connect with those who are already well connected) and transitivity (e.g., a social preference to connect with friends of friends). Findings inform nonprofit leaders about how to bridge to a board interlock network by recruiting well-connected board members serving on multiple boards.
Analysis of the effect of patients’ health status on efficiency: Application of data envelopment analysis in healthcare
Authors: Koltai Tamás , Dénes Rita V. , Dénes Zoltán
Published: January 2022

The effective and efficient operation of public healthcare systems is more and more important as a consequence of the increasing amount of money spent on their operation. For this reason, accurate and science-based efficiency information is needed for managers and healthcare policy makers. The evaluation of the efficiency in this sector is particularly difficult because several measures and indicators are used. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) can provide aggregate and overall measures of efficiency. The purpose of this paper is the examination of the efficiency of in-patient rehabilitation units curing musculoskeletal disorders in Hungary. The research presented focuses on rehabilitation units which attend to patients recovering from stroke or other acquired brain injuries. Output-oriented, slack-based DEA models are applied for the evaluation of in-patient rehabilitation units using data of a national survey. The novelty of the method presented is the consideration of the change in patients' functional status when efficiency is evaluated using DEA.
Feedforward-control-based nonlinear control for overhead cranes with matched and unmatched disturbances
Authors: Wang Liqiang , Wu Xianqing , Lei Meizhen
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a composite control method consisting of a feedforward control method and a sliding mode control method is proposed for control of the overhead crane. For existing methods, only matched disturbances are taken into consideration, unmatched disturbances are usually neglected. To address this drawback, a disturbance compensation method is constructed to attenuate the effects of disturbances and a continuous global sliding mode control method is devised to guarantee the stability. More precisely, we first make some transformations on the original model. Then, a disturbance compensation method is proposed and a continuous global sliding mode control scheme is introduced straightforwardly. The stability of the closed-loop system and the convergence of the states are proven through complete theoretical analysis. Finally, simulation and experimental tests are carried out to illustrate the regulation control property of the designed approach as well as its excellent disturbance rejection characteristic.
The One That Got Away: Overestimation of Forgone Alternatives as a Hidden Source of Regret
Authors: Feiler Daniel , Müller-Trede Johannes
Published: January 2022

Past research has established that observing the outcomes of forgone alternatives is an important driver of regret. In this research, we predicted and empirically corroborated a seemingly opposite result: Participants in our studies were more likely to experience regret when they did not observe a forgone outcome than when it was revealed. Our prediction drew on two theoretical observations. First, feelings of regret frequently stem from comparing a chosen option with one’s belief about what the forgone alternative would have been. Second, when there are many alternatives to choose from under uncertainty, the perceived attractiveness of the almost-chosen alternative tends to exceed its reality. In four preregistered studies ( Ns = 800, 599, 150, and 197 adults), we found that participants predictably overestimated the forgone path, and this overestimation caused undue regret. We discuss the psychological implications of this hidden source of regret and reconcile the ostensible contradiction with past research.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ADVANCED ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS: A REVIEW
Authors: Smdani Gulam , Islam Muhammad Remanul , Ahmad Yahaya Ahmad Naim , Bin Safie Sairul Izwan
Published: January 2022

Energy systems are progressive and revolutionary for their alternative resources, technical developments, demands, effectiveness and environmental effects. The recently published research's goal is to assess and evaluate the systems that are already in operation and those that will be in the future. Energy can be stored as electrical energy such as supercapacitors (SCs) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) etc., mechanical energy such as pumped hydro energy storage (PHES), compressed air energy storage (CAES) and flywheel energy storage (FES) etc., chemical energy, electrochemical energy such as batteries and fuel cells etc., and thermal energy. Performance of these energy storage systems (ESSs) have been evaluated in terms of energy density, power density, power ratings, capacitance, discharge-time, energy-efficiency, life-time and cycling-times, and costs. Supercapacitors provide highest power density (>10,0000 W/l), while hydrogen fuel cells provide highest energy density (500-3000Wh/l) among other EESs. Batteries also provide high energy density(200-500Wh/l). The energy efficiency is found highest in SMES system (95-98%), and lowest in TES system (30-50%). Moreover, batteries and supercapacitors have the cycle efficiency above 90%. PHES and CAES seem to be the most cost-effective energy storage systems reviewed in this analysis in terms of $/kWh. In addition, power-based capital cost of supercapacitors is lower (100-300$/kW) compared to energy-based capital cost of supercapacitors (300-2000$/kWh). In comparison with power-based capital costs, the energy-based capital cost of batteries is lower, which is 150-400$/kWh for Lead-acid battery, and <300$/kWh for Li-ion battery. This essay may help researchers in choosing the advanced energy storage technologies for relevant purposes.
A novel practical approach for monitoring the crosslink density of an ethylene propylene diene monomer compound: Complementary scanning acoustic microscopy and FIB-SEM-EDS analyses
Authors: Yazıcı Nazlı , Opar Ekin , Kodal Mehmet , Tanören Bükem , Sezen Meltem , Özkoç Güralp
Published: January 2022

Tuning of the crosslink density (CLD) in the rubber compounds is very crucial for optimizing the physical and mechanical properties of the ultimate rubber products. Conventionally, CLD can be measured via rheological methods such as moving die rheometer (MDR), via mechanical tests such as temperature scanning stress relaxation analysis (TSSR), or via direct swelling experiments using Flory–Rehner approach. In the current study, two novel techniques, focused ion beam - scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) processing, with simultaneous energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) mapping analysis and scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) were combined and correlated to conventional methods on a model recipe of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) compound having different sulphur contents. Depending on the applied technique, the increase in the crosslink density with sulphur content was found to be 1.7 fold for the Flory–Rehner approach and 1.2 fold for both TSSR and MDR. It is directly monitored from the FIB-SEM-EDS analysis that the sulphur distribution and agglomeration behavior increased in line with ZnO content, which is an indirect indication of the rise in crosslink density. The impedance maps of the crosslinked samples obtained through SAM analysis revealed that the impedance of the samples increased with the increasing sulphur content, which can be attributed to higher level of crosslink density. A quantified correlation was obtained between SAM images and the crosslink density of the samples. It was shown that SAM is a promising tool for practical and non-destructive analysis for determining the formation of crosslink density of the rubbers.