bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plastic Surgery Techniques for the Improvement of Outcomes of Complex Obstetric Fistula Repairs
Authors: Pope Rachel , Stokes Mary , Brown Roger H. , Chalamanda Chisomo , Hollier Larry H. , Wilkinson Jeffrey P.
Published: March 2019

Aims: As part of a larger study on the outcomes of obstetric fistula surgery, a review on patient outcomes when using gracilis muscle and/or Singapore flaps was conducted.
Methods: The database queried includes over 1700 patients. Fifty-six cases were identified having had either a gracilis muscle and or a Singapore flap as part of the repair.
Results: Twenty-one patients had a Singapore flap only. Median age was 26 years (19-55), four had one prior repair and two had two prior repair attempts. Nine cases were Goh type 3 and nine were Goh type 4 indicating urethral involvement. 71% (n=15) were >3 centimeters in diameter. Median estimated blood loss (ebl) was 200 ml and average OR time was 2.5 hours. Median catheter duration 17 days (13-25). 81% (n=17) were dye test negative, with an average pad weight of 19.2 grams. 19 patients had a gracilis muscle flap alone with median age of 43 (23-70). Four had one previous repair, one had four previous repairs. Nine were Goh type 3 and eight were Goh type 4. 70% (n=12) had a fistula >3 cm in diameter and 88% (n=15) had type iii considerations (previous repair attempt, circumferential, or severe scarring). Median ebl was 250 ml and average operative time was two hours and 30 minutes. Median catheter duration was 17 days (14-31). 82% (n=14) had negative dye tests, with average pad weight of 19 grams. 16 patients had both a Singapore and a gracilis. Median age was 31 (15-70), nine were Goh type 3, seven were Goh type 4. 87.5% (n=14) had a fistula that was more than 3 cm in diameter and 87.5% (n=14) were type iii. Median ebl was 300 ml (250-1000 ml), and average operative time was 3 hours and 45 minutes. 81% (n=13) had a negative dye test, with two patients going home positive and returning negative over the course of four months. Average pad weight was 18.9 grams. 
Conclusions: For large fistulas with a significant amount of vaginal tissue loss, the Singapore flap is a potential option for improved outcomes. For recurrent cases and those with poor quality tissue, the gracilis muscle may lead to overall improved outcomes. Overall, these techniques are useful for complex obstetric fistula cases where outcomes are generally less favorable. Further prospective studies are needed.
Meta-Modeling Housing First: A Theory-Based Synthesis Approach
Authors: Lemire Sebastian , Christie Christina A.
Published: March 2019

Abstract: Research synthesis has become an increasingly popular approach for summarizing primary research. In the past two decades, interest in mixed methods reviews has steadily grown, followed, more recently, by an increased attention to theory-based syntheses. This article advances and illustrates a practical application of meta-modeling—a mixed methods, theory-based synthesis approach. The proposed methodology combines meta-analytic and qualitative comparative techniques in developing a program theory—a meta-model—of how and why a program works. As the article illustrates, meta-modeling provides for a structured and transparent synthesis approach for building program theories across existing studies.
Till Time (and Poor Planning) Do Us Part: Programs as Dynamic Systems—Incorporating Planning of Sustainability into Theories of Change
Authors: Sridharan Sanjeev , Nakaima April
Published: March 2019

Abstract: This article describes the need for, and challenge of, representing the sustainability of a program as a dynamic process. Part of what enhances the complexity of programs is the challenge of dynamic complexity—the complexity of the program evolves over time through the interaction of actors and their environment. The problem is not just one of representation but also of planning—specifically planning for sustainability. We argue that an essential part of any accountability regime is planning for sustainability. Using the concept of programs as dynamic process, we argue that planning for sustainability needs to be a critical aspect of the impact chains of all theories of change. Both the representation and testing aspects of such a formulation are discussed.
Partial Word Order Syntax of Urdu/Sindhi and Linear Specification Language
Authors: Rahman Mutee-u- , Shah Asadullah , Memon Riaz A.
Published: March 2019

Like most of the South-Asian languages Urdu and Sindhi are partial word order languages. Conventional syntax representation models like Context Free Grammars are not capable enough to cope with partial word order syntax. Linear Specification Language (LSL) is an extension of Context-Free Grammars (CFGs) which allows arbitrary partial order (free word order) on the right hand side of grammar rule. Partial word order in LSL is handled by using different types of linear precedence (LP) constraints. LSL by using LP constraints is capable enough to represent the syntax of partial word order sentence. Issues related to represent Urdu/Sindhi language sentences with their constituent parts in LSL are discussed. LSL versions for different types of Urdu and Sindhi sentences are presented.
An Exploratory Study on Employee Engagement in the Banking Sector of Pakistan: A Case Study of Bank AlFalah
Authors: Sidiki Shehla Najib , Maqsood Azra
Published: March 2019

Employee engagement is a key business driver for organizational success. High levels of engagement in domestic and global firms promote retention of talent, foster customer loyalty and improve organizational performance and stakeholder value. A complex concept, engagement is influenced by many factors; from workplace culture, organizational communication and managerial styles to trust and respect, pay and benefits and company reputation. For today's different generations, access to training and career opportunities, work/life balance and empowerment to make decisions are important. Thus, to foster a culture of engagement, Bank AlFalah leads the way to design, measure and evaluate proactive workplace policies and practices that help attract and retain talent with skills and competencies necessary for growth and sustainability. This report is the definitive guide to develop, implement and measure engagement programs. This report also investigates whether employee engagement; actually exists and what the key drivers are, with a special look at middle management communication; how to embed engagement as a real process; key measurement tools and how to incorporate engagement as part of the regular process of motivating employees.
Challenges & Opportunities for Venture Capital Industry in Pakistan
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Abdullah Faysal
Published: March 2019

Venture capital has played an important role in the development of many sectors of different economies. It is the key driver in innovation, new firm creation, rapid growth of businesses, in promoting entrepreneurship, enhancing competition and job creation. Currently, venture capital industry of Pakistan is in its infancy and facing issues such as risk adverse attitude of entrepreneurs, family owned business mindset, and limited support from the government and listing regulations for SMEs. However, economic development in last 5-6 years has been able to influence many sectors of Pakistan’s economy. This is an ideal time for the venture capital industry to take off, provided both government and industry play their role and make efforts in the right direction. The author has studied the local venture capital industry, its issues, challenges, opportunities and recommendations to realize the potential.
Philanthropy: Trends and Approaches A Case Study of Karachi
Authors: Jabeen Huma , Khan Fouzia Naeem
Published: March 2019

Societies comprise of different economic elements. According to the rule of nature, every individual is endowed with qualities and privileges, which set him/her apart from the other person. In order to overcome the inequalities, a society trains individuals to think as a collective whole. Understandably, if one behaves selfishly, then cooperation between individuals becomes impossible. Hence, certain practices of general benevolence exist in almost every society which is intended to provide a helping hand to the less fortunate. This is referred to as Philanthropy - the original Greek meaning of “love of mankind”. This word is often used as the embracive term for voluntary action for the public good. Philanthropy becomes an essentially contested concept when it is seen as a struggle between mercy and justice, between relief and development, between the alleviation of suffering and the reform of social institutions. Through the conducted study, we have tried to identify and examine the trends and approaches that exist in our society and the perception of a common man related to this noble act, which is an integral part of our religion and culture.
The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Pakistan Exports: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Bhutto Niaz Ahmed , Daudpota Abdul Khaliq , Shahzad Raja , Tabassum Maria , Malik Asma
Published: March 2019

Over the last three decades, there have been high inflows of FDI at unprecedented accelerated rates; but the growth of exports has been increasing, however, not at satisfactory level. FDI can affect, directly and indirectly, the exports of hosting country. Using the time series data from 1977 to 2005, a double log model has been used to estimate impact of FDI on exports and results show that the two years lagged FDI has statistical significant positive impact on the current exports of Pakistan. FDI in textile sector, which is backbone of exports, had been very low in this period. The same was the case with other exporting sectors. As a matter of fact, exports do have a significant place in Pakistan, so Government of Pakistan should formulate such economic policies, as relaxation on foreign exchange control, abolishment of technical fee and introduction of the suitable tax relief policy for the foreign investors that attract FDI, especially resource-oriented, in Pakistan.
Striking a Balance: A Case Study of Working Women in Karachi
Authors: Pathan Sanam , Maqsood Azra
Published: March 2019

The issues associated with balancing work and family are of paramount importance to individuals, the organizations that employ them and the families that care for them. The research attempts to explore the work-life balance issues for working women and problems faced in managing work-life conflicts. Also, the objective is to determine how working women strike a balance between conflicting work-life issues. Five key factors are identified to evaluate the conflicting issues of work and life: Work Overload, Work to Life Interference, Family to Work Interference, Self Time and Caregivers Responsibilities. Furthermore, the research focuses to find what companies are doing to help working women solve their work-life dilemmas by offering, if any, flexible work arrangements. This research study discusses the responses of a qualitative survey on work-life conflicts for working women in Karachi and which companies are doing to help them cope with these work- life challenges in the form of flexible work arrangements. The data for this survey was collected from 175 working women and also complimented with 50 in-depth interviews (semi-structured) across Karachi, from the corporate, medical and educational fields. The sampled working women had varied work backgrounds, qualification, social status, age groups, income levels, and different levels of management.
Development of a Consumer Confidence Index for Pakistan: A Pilot Study on Three Main Urban Cities
Authors: Mirza Salma , Ahmed Qazi Masood
Published: March 2019

What is meant by consumer sentiments index? What influences these indices? How should confidence indices be developed and how are they to be analyzed. And most importantly, how should an index for Pakistan be developed? These are the questions that have been focused in this study. The purpose of this pioneer study is to develop a reliable consumer confidence index for Pakistan and to plot test it on a small urban sample. The two most quoted indexes to measure consumer confidence in the US are the Michigan Consumer Sentiments Index (ICS) and the Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) published by the Conference Board. Based on these surveys, a unified scale was developed and tested for Pakistan. The findings for the survey are that, urban Pakistani citizens have very little confidence in the economy which includes sentiments about their own wellbeing as well as their expectations about the future.
Scholarship Skill Set for Developing Economies: A Model for 21st Century Postgraduate Researchers in Pakistan
Authors: Haroon Muneeba , Arshad Syed Zeeshan
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this report is to identify the research skills that are required to conduct constructive and meaningful research and propose a 21st century scholarship skill-set for postgraduate researchers from development economies. Argumentative analysis of relevant published material and selective interviews, based on the Delphi technique, have been used to assess the need and importance of developing such a skill-set. The problems faced by a local postgraduate researcher, that were identified, include limited access to content, resistance towards digital age, absence of peer and ethical review groups, absence of links between academia and industry, lack of infrastructure,, weak drafting skills, and an inflexible curriculum. The proposed scholarship skill-set for a postgraduate researcher from developing economies consists of the following broad categories: basic skills, discipline skills, research management skills, information technology (IT) skills, collaboration skills, and research literacy and processing skills. Under each of these broadly defined skills, four skill subsets or sub-skills have been identified, which make up the skill category. Apart from extrapolating the scholarship skill-set, we also conclude that all stakeholders in a research process are equally responsible for ensuring that research processes are effective, constructive, and produce new knowledge. All stakeholders, therefore, need to contribute in the reformation and development of our educational infrastructure, especially at the postgraduate level.
Negative Effects of Brand Extension
Authors: Jalees Tariq , Tariq Nadia
Published: March 2019

Academicians in general, and students in particular, have recently started idealizing and romanticizing hypotheses-based empirical studies, so much so, that they incorporate hypotheses in their reports and papers, whether there is any need for them or not. Inthis paper, the authors have demonstrated how a non-hypothesis based research must be conducted and structured. The literature review section of this paper starts with broader concepts such as "brands", "brand image" which then have been narrowed to conceptual definitions and arguments related to brand extension, followed by arguments of different authors on negative effects of brand extensions. Subsequently, the constructs derived through literature survey have been summarized and "cited". The developed questionnaire was administered to a sample of 204 respondents, which were empirically analyzed and the results have been compared with the corresponding critical issues related to negative effects of brand extensions derived through literature survey. The results show that if brand extension is not executed properly, it will adversely affect image and sale of core brand as was the case with 7 up, when it extended to "7-up Gold". Similarly, if there is closeness between parent brand and extended brand or if extended brand is more successful, it will hurt core brand as was the case with Miller Light. If there is no associating between core brand and extended brand, then it will hurt extended brand as were the cases of extension of Ponds Tooth Paste and Colgate Kitchen Entrees are cases in point.
Analysis of Information Technology in Business Education
Authors: Hassan Atif , Malik Navid Jamil
Published: March 2019

State of Information Technology curriculum in the business institutions of Pakistan is distressing and indicates some gap between educational and industrial environments. The cause of such a gap is the shift of business organizations towards the e-business whereas e-learning has not yet been adopted by large number of business institutions. Information Technology in business education plays a major role in preparing a competent, business-literate, and skilled work-force. This paper addresses the gap between what is taught and what we practice in industry. This paper presents the evaluation of the curriculum of the business education in business institutions of Pakistan and tries to find the answer of whether or not the universities / institutions of the country are training the business graduates according to the needs of local and international market and industry? Answer of whether or not the business graduates are capable of delivering the required information technology Skills in their working business enterprises has also been addressed in this paper by evaluating the performance of business graduates working in industry. This paper also recommends the steps one can take to reduce the gap between theory and practice and respond to the emerging trends of business technology and expectation of the clients of the world of business from the business graduates of our institutions.
Perception towards Business Schools: A Three Dimensional View of Attitudes of Students, Management and Corporate Organizations of Karachi
Authors: Mehmood Sajid , Ahmad Nawaz
Published: March 2019

This research is designed to assess the attitudes of undergraduate students, graduate students, faculties and corporate executives towards leading business schools of Karachi as per the standard of Higher Education Commission (HEC). Three different questionnaires were developed, to assess the attitude of students, management of institutions and corporate organizations towards the business schools. Data were collected and analyzed by using weighted average method from the respondent's answers to the questions. Quality of education is found to be the top most reason because of which students seeks admission. Majority of the students stated that faculty members may review method of teaching and level of cooperation in the class. Students are found dissatisfied with services of administration staff in institutes and with the existing career counseling facilities. Students further urged to fortify security arrangements at schools and to enhance indoor games facilities at the institutions. Management of the business institutes is found to be very much conscious about their grading and its implications on their reputation. Institutes are determined to improve their present ranking and the quality of education they impart. Most of them grade themselves as number one and suggests modifying HEC grading criterion by conducting surveys. Fifty percent of the corporate organizations graded attitude as the sole criteria for hiring a graduates. Ability of institutes for imparting education that fulfills the needs of modern business is recorded sixty three percent. Whereas efforts of business schools to incorporate inputs of corporate organization while designing academic activities is rated sixty percent. Conclusively, this research presents three dimensional view of the attitude of students, institutes and corporate organizations. The results of this research work are equally beneficial for the entire corporate community by helping them to identify grey areas in business education and aspirations of pertinent stakeholders.
Group Loans Repayment Problems of Women Borrowers
Authors: Noreen Umara , Saif Muhammad Iqbal
Published: March 2019

Economic growth and development is a dream without having well focused and effective strategies to eradicate poverty through extending credits to women. The mobilization of funds comes directly from the participant's savings and therefore the use of funds is under group scrutiny. This paper aims to examine the repayment problems of women borrowers of microfinance. A sample of 100 respondents comprising 20 groups were interviewed. The groups utilized self-selection of members so that a strong degree of promise, trust and consent exists among members. Limited amount of loan and procedural hurdles were found to be the two major problems in group loans. The strengthened social ties and trust in groups reduce the repayment problems to a large extent. In addition the study noted that groups that were formed by the borrowers themselves had less repayment problems. Surprisingly, group members belonging to different levels of education and income groups had lesser repayment problems. The present study therefore recommends that microfinance institutions in targeting women should improve and smoothen the loaning procedure, extend higher credit limits to socially heterogeneous groups.
Synergistic effects of chemical finishing processes on comfort characteristics of micro-modal and lyocell knitted fabrics
Authors: Gocek Ikilem
Published: March 2019

Currently besides the hand, color, structure and construction, the comfort characteristics of fabrics have become remarkable issues especially for intimate wear. Therefore, in this study, the synergistic effects of the antibacterial and wicking finishing processes on the comfort characteristics of the seamless knitted fabrics made of regenerated fibers, i. e. micro-modal and lyocell, were investigated and the effects of the lycra incorporation on the fabric structure was also explored. For the evaluation of the comfort properties, the seamless fabric samples were investigated in terms of vertical wicking capacity, transfer wicking, water vapor permeability and drying rate with the relevant textile material test methods. The statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained from the experimental work using Minitab and SPSS package programs. The incorporation of lycra into the fabric structure was found to reduce the vertical wicking capacity, transfer wicking and water vapor permeability of the fabric samples, mainly owing to the alterations it caused in the structure of the fabric by decreasing the porosity, affecting the pore distribution thoroughly and increasing fabric thickness and stitch density. Moreover, the lower wicking ability and water vapor permeability were determined as the factors of the decrease in the drying rates of the lycra incorporated fabric samples. The application of finishing treatments was shown to increase the vertical wicking capacity due to the capillary effect that might have been caused by the cracks and damages that were likely to occur on the surface of the cellulosic fibers during the wicking and antibacterial finishing treatments, whereas they were shown to decrease both the water vapor permeability and drying rate due to the reduction in the interfiber gaps caused by the coated surface of the fibers and the yarns, and the fiber-like structures on the fiber surface. On the other hand, according to the findings, the fiber type was found to have no significant effect on the vertical wicking capacity, transfer wicking, water vapor permeability and drying rate of the fabric samples. Finally, to select the best fabric alternative for the intimate wear, the hybrid AHP-TOPSIS approach was utilized.
Inspection of defects in CFRP by improved magnetic induction tomography
Authors: Zhang Lipan , Meng Qifeng , Song Kai , Gao Ming , Cheng Zhiyuan
Published: March 2019

Magnetic induction tomography (MIT), a relatively new method of non-destructive testing, is applied to monitor the structural health of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP). MIT utilizes inductive coils to map the properties of an object. A 3D finite element model of the sensor operation with defects in different CFRP layers is developed to obtain the sensitivity profile and solve the MIT forward problem. Moreover, a linear back projection algorithm was performed to reconstruct images for on-line detection. The results showed that the voltage values induced in the detection coil increase significantly at the defect positions within the related layer. Moreover, the average voltage of the layer with the defect is always higher than at the other layers. This indicates that MIT can easily detect not only surface defects of CFRP but also internal defects successfully and localize them accurately in depth as well.
A Realidade Virtual e Aumentada e o Ensino de Ciências
Authors: França Carlos Roberto , Da Silva Tatiana
Published: March 2019

Este artigo apresenta a Realidade Virtual e Aumentada (RVA), com a abordagem dos principais conceitos utilizados por essa área tecnológica. Disponibiliza uma visão geral dos softwares educacionais feitos com RVA, exclusivamente voltados para o ensino de ciências, gerados pelos grupos de pesquisas das universidades brasileiras e do mundo, divulgados nas principais bases de dados digitais existentes ou nos seus próprios repositórios, que é uma prática comum nas grandes instituições. Deu-se destaque às abordagens no contexto ensino-aprendizagem, às teorias e linhas pedagógicas utilizadas por estes grupos na concepção e uso desses softwares educativos. Buscou-se diretamente nos portais das 100 primeiras universidades colocadas no ranking mundial (Center for World University Rankings – CWUR), bem como nas 20 bases de dados mais utilizadas no Brasil e no mundo. Algumas ferramentas eram conhecidas dos autores deste artigo e por este motivo foram acessadas diretamente na internet sem pesquisa em base de dados. O trabalho traz discussões pontuais nas considerações finais, principalmente, reflexões sobre a ausência de informações computacionais como linguagem de programação adotada, uso de plataformas especializadas em aplicativos de Realidade Virtual e outros. Os softwares que serão apresentados não disponibilizam informações técnicas, visando a socialização e engajamento de novos desenvolvedores ou criação de versões customizadas, mesmo sendo objetos de visualização educativos e sem fins comerciais na maioria dos casos. Provavelmente esta seja a principal razão para a irrisória quantidade de ferramentas de RVA voltadas para o ensino de ciências, em comparação com as indústrias de entretenimento, por exemplo.
A tecnologia abrindo espaço para discussão e aprendizagem sobre Direitos Humanos no Ensino Médio
Authors: Santos Rinara Granato , De Oliveira Natalino da Silva
Published: March 2019

O ensino/aprendizagem sobre Direitos Humanos no ensino médio é um desafio constante tanto para os profissionais da educação quanto para os discentes. Uma das maiores dificuldades no processo de implementação da Educação em Direitos Humanos em todo ciclo escolar, do básico ao superior, reside na ausência de formação do docente, das diferentes áreas de conhecimento, no que tange aos conteúdos que substanciam a Educação em Direitos Humanos. Afinal, quais estratégias os docentes deveriam assumir para converter sua prática em um exercícios democrático? Como estimular o interesse dos estudantes? Este artigo se apropria dos estudos em educomunicação e de novas tecnologias  como ferramentas que fomentem a discussão orientada sobre Direitos Humanos na escola, contribuindo para a formação de uma verdadeira cultura de paz, dentro e fora do espaço escolar.
Experimentos em laboratório para o ensino sobre solos na disciplina de geografia
Authors: Botelho Juvenal Severino , Marques Jean Dalmo , Oliveira Alexandre Nicolette
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar as contribuições do desenvolvimento de experimentos em laboratório sobre solos na disciplina Geografia. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 40 alunos do 1º ano dos Cursos Técnicos de Nível Médio Integrado em Química e Mecânica, pertencentes ao IFAM-CMC. A pesquisa é do tipo qualitativa e foi desenvolvida a partir da realização de atividades interventivas caracterizadas por aulas expositivas dialogadas e experimentos em laboratório. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram questionários, roteiros norteadores e avaliações realizadas em cada atividade. Os experimentos em laboratório foram satisfatórios, visto que os alunos conseguiram reconhecer minerais e rochas; identificaram o horizonte mais novo (O) e o horizonte mais antigo (R) do solo; diferenciaram as frações granulométricas por tamanho e textura do solo; compreenderam as cores dos solos, bem como a capacidade de infiltração e retenção de água em solos com características diferentes. Os experimentos no laboratório de caráter investigativo e interdisciplinar foram essenciais para a compreensão das temáticas estudadas, sendo importante sua realização no ensino técnico, fortalecendo um aprendizado integrado, regional e reflexivo.
Processo de produção textual escrita nas aulas de língua inglesa: multiletramentos crítico e digital
Authors: Da Silva Luís Fernando , Ferreira Santos Givan José , Dutra Alessandra , Benites Guntendorfer Rodrigues Ingrid , Veitas Novelli Letícia
Published: March 2019

Este artigo enfoca a produção de cartuns nas aulas de Inglês com estudantes do 3º Ano do Ensino Médio, em uma escola pública, utilizando multiletramentos crítico e digital e ensino híbrido com abordagem sociointeracionista baseada em gênero textual. Os tipos de pesquisa empregados foram: bibliográfica, descritiva, de campo e analítica. Os aspectos teóricos basearam-se em autores(as) que corroboram com um processo educacional crítico e omnilateral, almejando a inclusão em uma sociedade digital a qual utiliza a Língua Inglesa enquanto prática social. Os(As) teóricos(as) selecionados foram: Ferreti (2012), Vygotsky (1987), Bakhtin (1988), Meurer (2000), Santos (2001); Rojo (2012), Picciano e Dziuban (2013), Dewey (1978), Calvin (1998), Morin (2008), Ruiz (2001), Gonçalves (2001) e Bergmann (2016).  Os resultados, embora apontem algumas desvantagens, confirmaram as expectativas quanto às especificações dos objetivos, destacando como essencial o processo de escrita para promover um ensino de qualidade. Além disso, ficou evidente que o emprego de ferramentas tecnológicas não torna o trabalho educacional redundante, pelo contrário, oportuniza momentos para que estudantes possam ser agentes na construção do conhecimento.
Aplicativo Carimba: uma proposta ao curso de qualificação em desenvolvimento infantil da Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará
Authors: Brasil Isabel Mayara Gomes Fernandes , Catunda Márcia Antônia Dias
Published: March 2019

A pesquisa escolheu o AVA do curso de Qualificação em Desenvolvimento Infantil promovido pela Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará (ESP-CE). O estudo quer analisar se o ambiente é adequado ou inadequado para o tipo de público, alunos e tutores. A pesquisa propõe, como produto final, o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo off-line: o aplicativo Carimba, que permite aos alunos da capacitação, acessar o conteúdo do curso, sem precisar estar conectados à Internet, haja vista que o curso é totalmente à distância e muitos alunos não possuem acesso à internet. O aplicativo é viável e se propõe a auxiliar os estudos, elevando o nível de adesão dos alunos, agilizando o processo de transmissão de conteúdo. O estudo apoia-se na abordagem qualitativa e tem como curso metodológico, o uso da pesquisa bibliográfica, trazendo referênciais teóricos sobre Ambientes Virtuais, Educação à Distância e a eficiência dos aplicativos, além da pesquisa de campo, onde serão aplicados questionários a tutores e cursistas. As entrevistas e o relatório de observação compreendem os instrumentos da pesquisa, aplicados no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem. Um dos resultados percebidos, inicialmente, é o fato de que muitos alunos possuem dificuldades de manuseio da plataforma do curso, pois não possuem noções básicas de informática e muito menos acesso facilitado à internet. A pesquisa considerou como os maiores desafios deste trabalho, o contexto de acesso restrito à internet e o pouco conhecimento em informática. Entretanto, foram superadas devido à combinação de três elementos: plataforma acessível, tutor atuante e aluno interessado.
Experiências [trans]formadoras a partir de processos de ensino-aprendizagem em sujeitos aprendentes no contexto da Educação a Distância no Instituto Federal Farroupilha
Authors: Visentini Lucas
Published: March 2019

Este artigo objetiva socializar as experiências decorrentes da atuação discente no Profuncionário, o qual é o Programa indutor de Formação Profissional em Serviço dos Funcionários da Educação Básica Pública, no contexto da Educação a Distância (EaD) no Instituto Federal Farroupilha (IFFar). Intentou-se tecer compreensões que apreendessem as possíveis [re]significações e [trans]formações realizadas pelos estudantes em relação ao seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem, ao realizar-se a análise textual qualitativa sobre as suas expectativas e vivências concretas experienciadas. Como referencial teórico-metodológico para a tessitura desta investigação, utilizou-se as seguintes categorias e respectivos autores referenciados: afetividade na ação educativa (BARCELOS; 2016; MATURANA; 1998; 2001; 2010); análise textual qualitativa (MORAES; 2003); critérios de valor científico (TRIVIÑOS; 2015); experiências de vida e formação (JOSSO; 2002; 2004; 2010). A partir dos achados de pesquisa, verificou-se que as [re]significações realizadas pelos sujeitos aprendentes sobre o seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem em um contexto tecnológico na Educação a Distância, no Curso de Multimeios Didáticos, de maneira geral, e na disciplina de Informática Aplicada às Artes, de maneira específica, proporcionaram [trans]formações significativas que promoveram efetiva possibilidade e concretização de desenvolvimento pessoal-profissional que, em consequência, refletiram positivamente nas ações desempenhadas pelas suas funções nas escolas onde atuam, em diferentes áreas do conhecimento.
O tutorial de letramento do professor como instrumento para a mediação no desenvolvimento do projeto rádio escolar
Authors: Silveira Rita de Cássia Angeieski da
Published: March 2019

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa realizada no Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Línguas, da qual resultou a elaboração de um tutorial de letramento midiático e digital como produto educacional a ser utilizado por professores na mediação no processo de realização do projeto Rádio Escolar. Considerando que não há referência ao desenvolvimento de projetos com o uso de tecnologias como a Rádio Escolar em documentos orientadores da formação de professores, o tutorial, na forma de guia, busca contribuir para a formação continuada de docentes. Como referenciais teóricos da pesquisa, destacam-se os autores Kleiman (1995), Lemke (2010) e Coscarelli e Ribeiro (2007) sobre letramentos; Baltar (2009; 2012) para a operacionalização do projeto; Molon (1995, apud MEIER e GARCIA, 2007) sobre a mediação; e Reali e Reyes (2013) quanto à formação docente. Para a investigação da contribuição do letramento para a mediação no projeto e elaboração do tutorial, foram realizados encontros entre a pesquisadora e a professora-colaboradora, e para observar o processo de mediação no projeto, aconteceram encontros entre a docente-mediadora e alunas, além da aplicação de questionários. Após a análise dos dados, constatou-se que o letramento midiático e digital do professor é necessário para que realize a mediação no processo de desenvolvimento da rádio, pois a colaboradora não participou das atividades com utilização das tecnologias nem realizou a mediação durante essas atividades. Desta forma, a elaboração do tutorial busca contribuir para o letramento dos professores, tendo em vista a mediação durante a realização do projeto rádio escolar.
Tromboflebitis Superficial
Authors: Brenes Artavia Mariana
Published: March 2019

La presencia de un trombo a nivel de una vena superficial y la respuesta inflamatoria que le acompaña, desencadenan el cuadro clínico de la tromboflebitis superficial. Esta patología en un inicio se consideraba un trastorno local, de rápida resolución y curso benévolo, con el mejor conocimiento de la historia natural de la enfermedad, se ha comprobado la alta probabilidad de desarrollar complicaciones tromboembólicas que comprometen la vida.

Los hallazgos en la evaluación del paciente crean la sospecha clínica inicial, sin embargo, para la confirmación diagnóstica se requiere del uso del ultrasonido dúplex para determinar la presencia de un coágulo en la circulación superficial, la extensión y la cercanía de este al sistema venoso profundo. El riesgo potencial de desarrollar un tromboembolismo venoso ha llevado a un cambio en el tratamiento, el cual más allá de tratar las molestias del paciente, se encuentra orientado en evitar dichas complicaciones
Implementasi Trilogi Ki Hadjar Dewantara di SD Taman Muda Jetis Yogyakarta
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu
Published: March 2019

Permasalahan siswa sekolah dasar sudah sangat mengkhawatirkan. Kenakalan remaja, tindak kekerasan, serta pelecehan seksual tak terlepas dari tanggungjawab guru. Seorang guru memiliki peran untuk mengajar, mengayomi, membina, dan mengontrol karakter siswa secara optimal sehingga tercipta generasi yang berbudaya. SD Taman Muda di bawah naungan Yayasan Majelis Luhur Tamansiswa adalah lembaga pendidikan di Yogyakarta yang sangat berpegang teguh pada Trilogi Ki Hajar Dewantara, 1) Ing ngarsa sung tuladha; 2) Ing madya mangun karsa; 3) Tutwuri handayani. Trilogi ini diharapkan mampu menjawab tantangan dunia pendidikan untuk membentuk siswa yang berkarakter. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana guru kelas rendah pada SD tersebut menerapkan Trilogi Ki Hadjar Dewantara untuk mengembangkan karakter siswa. Kelas rendah yakni kelas 1, 2, dan 3 dipilih sebagai subyek karena pada masa ini, usia siswa mengalami transisi budaya belajar dari tingkat taman kanak-kanak menuju tingkat sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskripsif. Data diperoleh melaluiobservasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi serta literatur pendukung. Subjek penelitian adalah guru kelas, siswa, kepala sekolah dan murid. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peran guru dalam menerapkan trilogi Ki Hadjar Dewantara dengan menjadi teladan, memotivasi dan mendorong siswa sesui dengan kodrat alam.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC FLASHCARD TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Nashir Muhammad , Laili Roudlotun Nurul
Published: March 2019

One of the indicators for someone who is mastering a language is having adequate vocabulary. The limited vocabulary causes the difficulty in capturing intentions and ideas while listening, understanding reading text, saying something and uttering thought and idea in mind. The implementation of electronic flashcard was supposed to be able to expand students’ vocabulary due to it excites visual and photographic memory. This classroom action research was performed to increase the seventh grade students’ vocabulary mastery through electronic flashcard at MTs MUKHTAR SYAFAAT – BLOKAGUNG – BANYUWANGI. This research was accomplished in two stages collaborated with an English teacher. The collection data was gained from observation, interview, pre test and post test. The result of this study proved that the application of electronic flashcard media can improve the mastery of students’ vocabulary. It could be seen from enhancement of vocabulary test mean score and the total number of students who got score equal or higher than standard of minimum completeness (KKM) which was 70. The mean score of students’ vocabulary in pretest was 58.24, and then in the first cycle the result of vocabulary mean score was 70.05 and in cycle II it improved to 77.3. The percentage of students who got score least 70 increased from 70.27% in cycle I to 81.08% in cycle II. It showed that the usage of electronic flashcard can extend the achievement of students’ vocabulary.
PENERAPAN MODEL CONTEXTUAL TEACHING & LEARNING PADA MATERI EKONOMI SYARI’AH
Authors: Nafi'an Muhammad Ilman , Gufron Mohammad
Published: March 2019

Berdasarkan observasi di Kelas Pendidikan Agama Islam, terdapat banyak mahasiswa yang kurang paham terhadap materi agama, khususnya sub materi yang membahas tentang ekonomi syariah, indikatornya adalah beberapa mahasiswa memperoleh nilai di bawah target capaian yang ditetapkan oleh dosen. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tentang Model Contextual Teaching & Learning Pada Materi Ekonomi Syari’ah, Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa kelas semester 5 pada sub materi ekonomi syariah. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini ada dua macam yaitu instrumen utama dan bantu, instrumen utama adalah peneliti sendiri, sedangkan instrumen bantu berupa RPS, lembar Observasi penerapan pembelajaran dengan model CTL. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tiga kegiatan yaitu kegiatan awal, kegiatan inti dankegiatan akhir, yang di dalamnya menyangkut membantu siswa untuk menemukan konsep, mendorong siswa untuk menghubungkan konsep dengan dunia nyata dan menerapkan pada dunia nyata.
Człowiek sprawiedliwy a człowiek bezbożny w świetle Ps 37
Authors: Kľusková Mykhaylyna
Published: March 2019

Psalm 37 is one of the most typical wisdom texts in the Book of Psalms. In comparison to other psalms it contains a high number of information on the righteous and the wicked person. The paper aims to present and analyse in detail all contexts in which mentions of the righteous and the wicked appear in order to answer the question what function these information have. The paper is divided into five parts. In the first one is given a short introduction into psalm’s genre and its main topic. The second one reflects all mentions of the righteous and the wicked in Ps 37, such containing the key terms as qyDic' and [v'r' but also those which are thematically connected with them. In the third and fourth part of the paper the information about the righteous and the wicked are analysed in detail and the main contexts of their using are defined. The righteous as supported by God are mainly viewed as existential winners in contrast to the wicked presented as life losers. The final part of the article explains the role of the information on the righteous and the wicked in the psalm taking into account the actual situation of the psalm’s addressee.
Ewangelie jako prawdziwe świadectwo Słowa Wcielonego
Authors: Kręcidło Janusz
Published: March 2019

The article develops the concept of true witness of the four canonical Gospels to Jesus Christ the Incarnated Word. The starting point is presentation of the teaching of the Pontifical Biblical Commission (PBC) in the document The Inspiration and Truth of the Sacred Scripture (2014) about the witness of the Bible, especially the Gospels. The canonical Gospels are considered in it as main witness of the life and teaching of the Incarnated Word. The article demonstrates that the PBC repeats here the teaching of the conciliar constitution Dei Verbum (1965). Argumentation in the article emphasizes the historical reliability of the transmission of the life and teaching of the historical Jesus in the Church tradition: historical Jesus – eye witnesses – written Gospels – authoritative interpretation in the Church. The canonical Gospels are not primarily literary texts but a truthful registration of the witness of faith of Jesus’ believers. Consequently, the hermeneutic of faith is the only methodology that is apt to explain and understand the true nature of the Scriptures.
Candida R. Moss and Joel S. Baden, Reconceiving Infertility: Biblical Perspectives on Procreation and Childlessness (Princeton University Press, 2015)
Authors: Mielcarek Krzysztof Wojciech
Published: March 2019

Book review: Candida R. Moss and Joel S. Baden, Reconceiving Infertility: Biblical Perspectives on Procreation and Childlessness (Princeton University Press, 2015.
Rhetoric in the Service of the Gospel in “Inesperto nell'arte di parlare” (2 Cor 11,6) by A. M. Gieniusz, CR
Authors: Kowalski Marcin
Published: March 2019

The article reviews the book by Andrzej M. Gieniusz, CR, “Inesperto nell'arte di parlare”? (2 Cor 11, 6). Retorica al servizio del Vangelo (Percorsi culturali 25; Roma: Urbaniana University Press 2018). The author begins by discussing the publication in detail, and then proceeds to the specific issues related to it. These include Rom 7:1-6 read as transitio, Rom 8:12 as the test case of orality and literacy in Paul, the category of “religious experience” in Paul, the apocalyptic background of Paul’s attitude toward work, and the role of 1 Cor 15:8 in constructing the apostle’s ethos. The main characteristic of the book by Prof. Gieniusz is a creative combination of rhetoric and theology, discussed in the last part of the article. The book shows how to do theology focused on the newness of the Christian life, the primacy of grace and the uniqueness of Christ’s way (solus Christus).
Bedeutung von Marteloskopen für Praxis und Lehre in der Schweiz
Authors: Thormann Jean-Jacques , Allenspach-Schliessbach Karin , Bugmann Harald , Frehner Monika , Junod Pascal , Rosset Christian , Kühne Kathrin
Published: March 2019

Importance of marteloscopes for practice and teaching in Switzerland

Marking is one of the core tasks of silvicultural activity. The decisions made are based on the application of the basic forestry methods, but always include a subjective component, as experience plays an important role. In this context, the “silvicultural God's gaze” in German “waldbaulicher Götterblick” is often spoken of. A possibility to discuss different silvicultural options and their consequences in a factual and comprehensible way is offered by the marteloscope. It is a didactic tool that makes it possible to carry out marking exercises based on quantitative data on site. Ideally, it consists of a real inventory and software that allows evaluation and discussion of the results, as well as a dynamic growth model. The marteloscope was developed in France in the 1990s. Today, there are many more than 40 marteloscopes in Switzerland that deal with a wide variety of silvicultural issues. Marteloscopes play a particularly important role in training and education: they allow the practice, questioning and improvement of one's own silvicultural actions based on quantitative principles. There is great potential for the further development of marteloscopes, in particular regarding the implementation of specific thematic and silvicultural issues, which, in addition to the usual stand characteristics such as tree species, diameter distribution, base area and volume, for example, allow statements to be made on ecology or on variables relevant to mountain silviculture such as local light availability. Several marteloscope software solutions have been developed in recent years. It would be important at least to simplify the data exchange between the solutions. It would also be desirable to close the gap that currently exists in the modelling of further stand development, to better estimate the consequences of different intervention variants.