bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Problem based Learning education on Nursing Students’ Problem-solving ability, Self-directed Learning ability and Clinical Reasoning Competency
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park Jin Ah , Seong Ji Suk
Published: October 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of problem-based learning education on problem-solving ability, self-directed learning ability, and clinical reasoning competency of nursing students.
Methods The research design is a quasi-experimental study with a single-group before/after design. A preliminary survey was conducted on April 3 and 4, 2024, targeting 55 fourth-year nursing students, and a follow-up survey was conducted on April 24 and 25. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis using the SPSS Statistics 22.0 program.
Results After problem-based learning education, nursing students' problem-solving ability(t=-5.91, p<.001), self-directed learning ability(t=-6.02, p<.001), and clinical reasoning ability(t=-7.39, p<.001) was statistically significantly improved.
Conclusions Through this study, it was confirmed that problem-based learning is an effective teaching and learning method in improving nursing students' problem-solving ability, self-directed learning ability, and clinical reasoning competency. Therefore, efforts should be made to strengthen the capabilities of nursing students by expanding subjects that apply problem-based learning in nursing education.
A Study on multiword expressions that substitute for Korean postpostional markers: From the perspective of experiential metaphors in systemic functional linguistics
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Han Jeong Han , Cha Myunghee , Yoon Hye Gyeong
Published: October 2024

Objectives The purpose of this paper is to explain the relationship between experiential metaphors and multiword expressions that substitute for postpositional markers in Korean from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics.
Methods grammatical metaphor, a concept introduced in Halliday (1985), operates in the opposite direction of metaphor to lexical metaphor. Whereas lexical metaphor starts at the lexical-grammatical level and realizes ‘alternative meanings’ at the discourse-semantic level, grammatical metaphor starts at the discourse-semantic level and realizes ‘alternative forms’ at the lexical-grammatical level. More specifically, circumstantial(or postpositional) metaphor is a phenomenon in which a multiword expression, such as phrase or clause, metaphorizes the meaning of a particular adverbial postposition, and has various lexicogrammatical alternative realizations. Here, the former circumstantial metaphoric expressions are called incongruent, and the latter adverbial postpositions are called congruent.
Results The results of this study show that multiword expressions in Korean three different kinds: verbatim type, experiential metaphor type (Type I), experiential idiomatic type (Type II). Among these, the verbatim is only recognized as an entry stage for multiword expressions. After reviewing in detail the lists of previous studies (postpostion equivalents, postpostional collocation, periphrastic construction, grammaticalization, etc.), this paper applies the criteria of non-congruent, congruent, and postpositional meanings to them, and finally selects 34 experiential metaphors that substitute for postpositional markers and 13 idiomatic forms that replace postpositional markers.
Conclusions Although we have limited our discussion to grammatical metaphors as substitution for postpositional markers, the scope of application of grammatical metaphors is very broad, and future research efforts need to continue to expand the scope.
Development and effectiveness verification of a group counseling program to promote self-compassion for elementary school students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Oh Myung-Ae , Kim Shu Jeng , Park Jung Hwan
Published: October 2024

Objectives This study was to develop a group counseling program to promote self-compassion for elementary school students.
Methods According to a single-purpose experimental design, a total of 16 people, 8 in the experimental group (EG) and 8 in the control group (CG), were recruited from 3rd to 4th grade elementary schools in J Island. A pre-test was conducted on them to measure self-compassion scale. For the EG, a post-test was conducted after a total of 6 sessions of 40 minutes, twice a week. For the CG, no action was taken while the experimental group was operating, and a post-test was conducted simultaneously with the EG.
Results The homogeneity between the two groups was verified in the pretest. The post-test between the two groups showed that the experimental group's level of self-compassion was statistically significantly higher.
Conclusions The group counseling program to promote self-compassion in this study focused on sensory play and experiential activities that take into account the developmental characteristics of elementary school students. This program was differentiated from previous studies by composing the program using various materials such as humanistic images, meditation music, and videos appropriate to the topic of each session, and the effect of promoting self-compassion in elementary school students was verified. The results of this study are expected to contribute to providing a basis for research and group counseling program development to promote self-compassion in elementary school students.
A study on children's moral judgment and concept of forgiveness: Focusing on children’s age
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Chan Suk , Kang Sun Kyoung
Published: October 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the moral judgment, differences in the concept of forgiveness, and the developmental stage of the concept of forgiveness according to the age of children aged 3 to 5.
Methods Data were collected using video records (VTR) and interviews containing moral judgments and forgiveness concepts for 46 people aged 3 to 5 who are enrolled in kindergartens affiliated with universities in Gyeonggi-do. Descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, and chi-square test were performed on the collected data using SPSS 23.0.
Results First, the moral judgment of children aged 3 to 5 differed according to age. Second, there was an age difference in the concept of forgiveness of children aged 3 to 5 in terms of whether or not to play together, which is a sub-factor. Third, the development stage of the concept of forgiveness in children aged 3 to 5 was no age difference in the developmental, children are mainly found to be a second stage of restitutional forgiveness.
Conclusions This study verified age differences in children's moral judgment and forgiveness concepts. It is meaningful in that it provides implications and educational directions for forgiveness education to parents and teachers.
The Effect of Team Teaching Child-Care Teacher's Curriculum Operation Autonomy and Fellow Teacher's Social Support on Play Support Competency
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jeon Eun-Jeong , Kim Jung-Eun
Published: October 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of team teaching childcare teachers' curriculum operation autonomy and fellow teachers' social support on play support competency.
Methods To this end, a survey was conducted among 307 childcare teachers currently operating team-teaching classes at childcare centers in the Busan and Gyeongnam regions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0, employing descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.
Results First, team teaching childcare teachers' curriculum management autonomy averaged 4.09 on a 5-point scale, the social support from fellow teachers averaged 4.02, and the ability to support play averaged 4.16. Second, it was found that there are significant correlations between team teaching childcare teachers' curriculum operation autonomy, fellow teachers' social support, overall play support competency, and all its sub-factors. Third, the curriculum operation autonomy of team teaching childcare teachers and fellow teachers' social support explained 49.1% of cognitive competency, 44.1% of affective competency, and 57.7% of practical competency, which are sub-factors of play support competency. Common factors affecting these sub-factors included a child-centered play environment and interactions, collaboration and participation with families and the community, flexible daily routines, and evaluative support, with evaluative support being the most explanatory.
Conclusions The meaningful play environment and interactions, along with reflective self-assessment by educators and recognition and praise from peers, indicate the potential for enhancing the play support capabilities of childcare teachers. Therefore, efforts to analyze and support the team-teaching environment of childcare teachers implementing revised educational curricula are necessary to enhance their play support capabilities.
A Influência da Capacidade Absortiva no Desempenho Inovativo dos Grupos de Pesquisa no Piauí
Authors: Martins de Sousa Romario , Da Silva Florencio Marcio Nannini , Dias Lopes Luis Felipe , Assunção de Moraes Thiago , Mendes Boavista de Castro Mauricio , Rodrigues Santos Alexandre
Published: October 2024

Este estudo analisou a influência das dimensões da capacidade absortiva (potencial e realizada) sobre o desempenho inovativo dos grupos de pesquisa das instituições de ensino superior públicas no Piauí. A pesquisa foi realizada entre julho e setembro de 2023, abrangendo o universo de 670 grupos de pesquisa nas seguintes instituições: Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Universidade Estadual do Piauí (UESPI), Instituto Federal do Piauí (IFPI) e Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba (UFDPar). A amostra foi composta por 90 líderes de grupos de pesquisa, representando cerca de 13,4% do universo total pesquisado. Os resultados indicam que as dimensões da capacidade absortiva (potencial e realizada) exercem um efeito positivo no desempenho inovativo, tanto no que se refere à inovação comportamental quanto à inovação tecnológica. Assim, recomenda-se que os líderes dos grupos de pesquisa adotem rotinas e processos contínuos de renovação do conhecimento para melhorar seus resultados de inovação. Este estudo contribui para uma compreensão mais profunda sobre como a capacidade absortiva influencia o desempenho inovativo dos grupos de pesquisa.
Public perceptions of ocean science as insight into discovery science
Authors: Tsai Shu-Min Janet , Branch Teresa Y. , Rowe Shawn
Published: October 2024

This article examines the complex relationship between humans and the ocean, focusing on public perceptions and the role of discovery in ocean science. For this, we use the term ‘discovery’ in two ways: publics ‘discovering’ ocean science and ‘discovery’ as the epistemic foundation of ocean science. Through textual analysis, we show how scientific discovery is intertwined with exploration in national-level ocean literacy policy documents. We then denote a practical and methodological distinction between discovery and basic science in ocean science. To link this back to ocean literacy, we employ Free-Choice Learning examples situated in the U.S. and Taiwan that adopt Personal Meaning Mapping to highlight how adolescents ‘discover’ the ocean and recognize the prevalence of discovery in ocean science. We conclude that although discovery is essential to ocean science, it is inseparable from a legacy of harm (i.e., exploitation, colonialism, and environmental degradation) which makes it — and other discovery sciences — an ongoing challenge to communicate.
Hybrid Deep Learning Based Model for Removing Grid-Line Artifacts from Radiographical Images
Authors: U. S. Pavitha  , S. Nikhila  , Mohan Mamtha
Published: October 2024

The digital imaging technique known as Computed Radiography (CR) has transformed the medical imaging industry by providing a number of advantages. It eliminates the need for traditional film-based methods, making it more efficient and convenient. A common issue faced with CR images is the presence of grid artifacts and other pattern artifacts, which can have a significant impact on the quality of the images when viewed on a computer screen, especially if a clinic-grade display is not accessible. This paper presents a novel framework for removing grid line artifacts from X-ray images, which is a critical challenge in medical imaging. The framework proposes a hybrid Deep Grid model that combines a Gaussian band-stop filter with ADAM optimization to produce high-quality, grid-line free X-ray images that are suitable for further analysis and diagnosis. Deep learning (DL) models for instance the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), DenseNet, VGG-Net, and Fast R-CNN were utilized to classify images, and the grid-by-grid removal of grid lines in the image was performed. The proposed framework achieved a high accuracy rate of 98% in eliminating grid line artifacts from X-ray images, demonstrating its possibility for a big improvement the accuracy and reliability of diagnostics for medical based on X-ray images
Think tanks, neoliberalismo e a privatização da Educação no Brasil
Authors: Moura Sergio Andrade de , Oliveira Dalila Andrade
Published: October 2024

O propósito deste texto é analisar a atuação no Brasil dos think tanks parceiros da rede de políticas da Atlas Economic Research Foundation (Atlas Network). Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, embasado em revisão da literatura, que recorreu igualmente a um levantamento seguido de uma análise documental dos materiais e informações publicadas por tais think tanks em suas páginas oficiais na rede mundial de computadores. Como resultado, averiguou-se que os referidos think tanks apresentam conexões com inúmeros/as protagonistas e têm atuado por meio de diversas estratégias para difundir ideais do neoliberalismo e promover a difusão das ‘soluções privadas’ para a educação pública.
Relato de experiência no Novo Ensino Médio
Authors: Souza Dilma Carmina da Silva
Published: October 2024

O formato do Novo Ensino Médio – NEM, além de trazer prejuízos na formação de educandos/as, evidencia a precarização do trabalho docente e reforça a perda da identidade profissional de professores/as que atuam nesse novo modelo curricular. O objetivo do relatório aqui apresentado é refletir sobre esses impactos do NEM na identidade de professores/as de Educação Física, a partir de minha vivência profissional na rede estadual do Rio de Janeiro, atuante em duas turmas do itinerário formativo em 2023. Metodologicamente, o relato de experiência profissional pode contribuir em discussões relativas à docência. Foi possível identificar como a influência das políticas neoliberais no ensino consolidam uma desprofissionalização; mas mesmo sofrendo um processo de perda de autonomia, desvalorização profissional e trabalho precarizado, os/as professores/as se mostram resistentes ao sistema vigente, apesar de todas as dificuldades que enfrentam.
Direito ao ensino superior e Educação do Campo
Authors: Molina Mônica Castagna , Pereira Marcelo Fabiano Rodrigues , Santana Jullyane Frazão
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma análise do Documento Final da Conferência Nacional de Educação – Conae 2024, com o objetivo de discutir seus principais elementos relativos a políticas públicas de Educação do Campo e formação de professores/as. Ancora-se no Materialismo Histórico-Dialético para a análise documental, na qual discutimos avanços e possibilidades apresentados pela Conae 2024, bem como os elementos que consideramos essenciais a serem mantidos e reafirmados. Os resultados mostram que os eixos elencados no Documento abordam diversas questões historicamente defendidas pelos coletivos organizados do campo em suas lutas pela educação superior como um direito a ser garantido por ações afirmativas. Essas questões englobam acesso, permanência, condições de oferta, princípios de formação e pós-formação dos/das camponeses/as na Educação Superior, aspectos que são fundamentais e devem ser incluídos e monitorados na implementação do Plano Nacional de Educação 2024-2034.
O financiamento da educação no documento final da Conae 2024
Authors: Amaral Nelson Cardoso
Published: October 2024

A Conferência Nacional de Educação – CONAE realizada em janeiro de 2024 teve a finalidade de elaborar proposições e estratégias para o Plano Nacional de Educação – PNE 2024-2034. Seu Documento Final se estrutura em sete eixos, sendo que o Eixo VI, sobre financiamento público da educação pública, propôs a manutenção da meta anterior do PNE 2014-2024 e a aplicação do equivalente a, no mínimo, 10% do PIB em 2034, definindo igualmente um conjunto de estratégias que estabelecem novas fontes de financiamento, além dos tributos. Concluiu-se que o Brasil possui riqueza para atingir essa meta, o que colaborará para diminuir a grande desigualdade brasileira.
A Conae 2024 como mecanismo de defesa da educação como direito humano
Authors: Pellanda Andressa , Rodrigues Ana Helena
Published: October 2024

O texto analisa como a Conferência Nacional de Educação – CONAE 2024 enfatiza a educação como direito fundamental que transcende benefícios econômicos, analisando-a comparativamente com a CONAE 2014, a Lei 13.005/2014 e revisitando o arcabouço legal internacional representado pelo sistema de 4A de Katarina Tomaševski, primeira relatora da Organização das Nações Unidas – ONU para o direito à educação, que delineou as dimensões de disponibilidade, acessibilidade, aceitabilidade e adaptabilidade para guiar as políticas educacionais globais. Destaca-se o papel crucial da educação integral e inclusiva, promovendo cidadania, ética, diversidades, desenvolvimento socioambiental sustentável e resistindo a agendas ultraconservadoras e deletérias como homeschooling, militarização, ataques do agronegócio e do movimento Escola Sem Partido. Também se discute a participação da sociedade civil na formulação de políticas educacionais, especialmente na retomada de espaços democráticos no debate público sobre o futuro da educação no Brasil.
Curbing Health Misinformation With Scientific Journals: A Study Of Nigeria’s Punch And Tribune Online Newspapers
Authors: MATYEK JIMME , Maimoko Dongvel Dorothy , Ochai Thomas
Published: October 2024

This descriptive research explores the patterns of health news in Punch and Tribune online newspapers from 2018 to 2022, emphasizing the reliance on foreign research by both publications in a bid to curb health misinformation online. With a population of 765 and a sample size of 533, the study reveals Punch's consistent rise in yearly research journal-sourced health news, contrasting with Tribune's fluctuating trend. The Punch heavily favors foreign research (98.1%), while Tribune maintains a more balanced approach with 51.4% from Nigerian sources. The findings underscore disparities in editorial strategies, raising concerns about the visibility of local health research. The study recommends increased collaboration with local researchers and enhanced accessibility of local research, for a more comprehensive and contextually relevant portrayal of health topics to curb health misinformation.
Radio Dakwah dan Komunikasi 107,9 FM UIN Jakarta: Pengamatan Media Sebagai Industri
Authors: Ramadhan Sendi , Nabillah Osha , Fatwa Bagya Husna , Anggian Kiki Yulia , Bakti Andi M. Faisal
Published: October 2024

Information technology has changed the behavior of Indonesian society a lot. This is in line with the growing public need for information. Radio is one of the mass information media that has strong penetration capabilities into the market and consumers. This research aims to analyze Radio RDK 107.9 FM as a da'wah media from a media industry perspective. The method used in this research is analytical descriptive. The subjects of this research were the production crew & administrators of Radio RDK UIN Jakarta. The object of this research is RDK Radio. The theory used by Gill Branston and Roy Stafford is that media is produced like a factory. The results of this research reveal that Radio RDK is a community radio that runs media like a factory, by paying attention to factors such as frequency, duration, timing/showing time, and the prominence of other auditive aspects. RDK Radio is a medium for preaching to its listeners. Based on these factors, good RDK Radio program packaging becomes part of the strategy for preaching via radio to achieve optimal effects among the radio-listening community.
Progression-free survival versus post-progression survival and overall survival in WHO grade 2 gliomas
Authors: Sagberg Lisa Millgård , Salvesen Øyvind , Jakola Asgeir Store , Thurin Erik , De Dios Eddie , Nawabi Noah L.A. , Kilgallon John L. , Bernstock Joshua D. , Kavouridis Vasileios K. , Smith Timothy R. , Solheim Ole
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose: Progression-free survival (PFS) remains to be validated as an outcome measure for diffuse WHO grade 2 gliomas, and knowledge about the relationships between PFS, post-progression survival (PPS), and overall survival (OS) in this subset of tumors is limited. We sought to assess correlations between PFS and OS, and identify factors associated with PFS, PPS, and OS in patients treated for diffuse supratentorial WHO grade 2 gliomas.
Material and methods: We included 319 patients from three independent observational cohorts. The correlation between PFS and OS was analyzed using independent exponential distributions for PFS and time from progression to death. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the effects of covariates on PFS, PPS, and OS.
Results: The overall correlation between PFS and OS was rs0.31. The correlation was rs 0.37 for astrocytomas and rs 0.19 for oligodendrogliomas. Longer PFS did not predict longer PPS. Patients with astrocytomas had shorter PFS, PPS, and OS. Larger preoperative tumor volume was a risk factor for shorter PFS, while older age was a risk factor for shorter PPS and OS. Patients who received early radio- and chemotherapy had longer PFS, but shorter PPS and OS.
Interpretation: We found a weak correlation between PFS and OS in WHO grade 2 gliomas, with the weakest correlation observed in oligodendrogliomas. Our analyses did not demonstrate any association between PFS and PPS. Critically, predictors of PFS are not necessarily predictors of OS. There is a need for validation of PFS as an endpoint in diffuse WHO grade 2 gliomas.
Implementering och utveckling av pedagogisk dokumentation. En aktionsforskning med fyra daghemsgrupper i Finland
Authors: Lindh Charlotte , Mansikka Jan-Erik
Published: October 2024

Pedagogisk dokumentation introducerades inom den finländska småbarnspedagogiken i och med en ny läroplan 2016. I läroplanen beskrivs arbetssättet som en central processartad arbetsmetod som används vid planering, genomförande, utvärdering och utveckling av den pedagogiska verksamheten med en förväntan att stödja barns och vuxnas delaktighet. Läroplanen är ambitiös och arbetet med pedagogisk dokumentation och delaktighet har visat sig vara utmanande att förverkliga. Genom ett aktionsforskningsprojekt intresserar vi oss för att undersöka hur pedagogisk dokumentation framträder och utvecklas i den dagliga praktiken i fyra olika daghemsgrupper. Vårt fokus är att se på hurdana förutsättningar, utgångspunkter och variationer som framträdde inom projektet när det gäller att utveckla pedagogisk dokumentation. Analysen har inspirerats av ett postkvalitativt angreppssätt. Resultaten visar att verksamhetskulturens tidsramar spelar en betydelsefull roll för att utveckla pedagogisk dokumentation som ett delaktighetsfrämjande arbetssätt. Tidsramarnas utformning påverkades i sin tur till stor del av daghemmets ledarskap och strukturella förutsättningar.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Implementation and Development of Pedagogical Documentation. Action Research with Four Daycare Groups in Finland
Pedagogical documentation was introduced in Finnish early childhood education and care within a new curriculum in 2016. Pedagogical documentation is described as a central method for planning, implementing, evaluating, and developing activities, and in addition also promoting participation among children and adults. The curriculum is ambitious, and there have been challenges in putting pedagogical documentation into effect. Within the framework of an action research study, we investigate how pedagogical documentation appeared and developed in the daily practice of four different daycare groups. The focus is on the prerequisites, starting points and variations that emerged in the project when it comes to develop pedagogical documentation. The analysis was inspired by a post-qualitative approach. Results show that time frames, affected by organizational structures and leadership, became significant within the process of developing participative pedagogical documentation.
Association between Frequency of Major Amputations and the Occlusive Pattern of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Zamora Jose Luis Cabrera , CJL Zamora , AA Figueroa , LA Carmenate
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the leading cause of amputation worldwide. The location of the affected sector could have a certain predictive value regarding the evolution of these patients. Objective: Estimate the association between the frequency of major amputations and the topography of the PAD. Material and method: Observational, descriptive, analytical, retrospective study that estimates the association between the frequency of amputations and the aortoiliac or femoropopliteal topography of PAD, in patients with said diagnosis, hospitalized in the Arteriology service of the National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery (INACV), during the years 2018 and 2019. Results: In a sample of 220 stories, we found that high blood pressure (HBP) and smoking were the most frequent variables, affecting 71.8% and 60.5% of the sample respectively, 40.5% presented an aortoiliac pattern. , of these 55.1% were amputated and 59.5% were femoropopliteal, 58% of which were amputated, for a total of 125 amputations (56.8%). Supracondylar amputation was generally the most performed and infracondylar amputation was performed more frequently in patients with femoropopliteal topography. A more notable influence of smoking on the aortoiliac sector was evidenced. There was a similar probability of amputation for both sectors studied. Conclusions: the type of occlusive pattern did not show an association with the frequency of amputations, nor the time in which it occurs, or with the associated risk factors.
Rosuvastatin plus N Acetylcysteine to Prevention of Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Low Mehran Risk Score
Authors: Habib Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Objective: Contrast induced acute renal injury is the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury, several protective treatments options have been developed among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Our trial aimed to comparison between high dose rosuvastatin versus rosuvastatin plus N acetylcysteine to prevention of contrast induced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing elective PCI at Alshifa hospital in Gaza. Methods: Randomize control trial included 100 patients who undergoing elective PCI at Alshifa hospital in Gaza, Group A: (N:50) patients received 40 mg rosuvastatin orally once daily for 3 days, on dose before undergoing PCI and two dose after PCI. Group B (N: 50) patients received 40 mg rosuvastatin orally once daily for 3 days, on dose before PCI and two dose after PCI plus N-acetylcysteine 1200 mg orally twice daily every 12 hours for two days, the first dose before PCI and other 3 doses after PCI. All patients were measuring serum creatinine level, creatinine clearance and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) before PCI and (2-3) days after procedure. Result: In Group A: nonsignificant reduction of serum creatinine level (P: 0.90), creatinine clearance (P: 40) but significant reduction of BUN was seen after treatment (P: 0.017). In Group B: Significant reduction of serum creatinine level, and BUN (P; 0.001). But creatinine clearance not significant changes were seen after treatment (P:0.72). On other hand comparison between two group was significant reduction of serum creatinine level (P: 0.046) in group B, but not significant changes in creatinine clearance and BUN were not significant (0.41, 0.34) respectively. Conclusion: High dose rosuvastatin plus N-acetylcysteine compared rosuvastatin had significant reduction of creatinine level among patients undergoing PCI.
Early Diagnosis and Management of Type-2 Diabetes: A Case Study
Authors: Rao Gundu HR
Published: October 2024

Metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, obesity, type-2 diabetes, and vascular diseases, have reached epidemic proportions globally, contributing significantly to non-communicable disease (NCD)-related mortality. Non-communicable diseases account for 71% of global deaths annually, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) leading the statistics. The South Asian phenotype presents a unique set of clinical characteristics, including, typical visceral obesity, high triglycerides, increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Cholesterol), insulin resistance, and high propensity for type-2 diabetes. Several clinical studies have demonstrated that risk factors such as unhealthy diets, lack of physical inactivity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption drive the development and progression of these metabolic disorders. The Framingham Heart Study remains pivotal, identifying robust predictors of CVDs including hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and diabetes. Hypertension, a widespread silent condition, stands as a significant precursor to premature mortality globally. Childhood obesity rates have escalated dramatically, correlating with the rise in unhealthy lifestyles. Type-2 diabetes, increasingly prevalent, underscores the potential reversibility through early detection and management strategies. Complications from poorly managed diabetes, including cardiovascular events and microvascular complications, emphasize the urgency for the development of effective preventive measures. The South Asian population exhibits distinct metabolic traits predisposing to insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, influenced by genetic, dietary, and lifestyle factors. Addressing these unique challenges through targeted lifestyle interventions holds promise for mitigating vascular disease risks among South Asians. This case study advocates for a proactive approach to early diagnosis of cardiometabolic risks and comprehensive management of identified risks, aiming to reduce the burden of heart disease among younger populations. Insights from current research underscore the critical need for integrated strategies encompassing genetics, lifestyle modifications, and community-based interventions to combat the escalating crisis of metabolic diseases worldwide.
The Hidden Impact of COVID-19 Lockdowns: A Study in NonCOVID Venous Thromboembolism Cases-our Experience
Authors: Puljevic Mislav , J Stjepanovic , AM Sliskovic , MV Kirhmajer
Published: October 2024

Background: In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic, disrupting healthcare systems globally. While COVID-19-related venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been widely studied, the impact of the pandemic on non-COVID-19 VTE cases remains unclear. VTE includes pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT), both of which are linked to lifestyle factors, such as physical inactivity. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of pandemic-related restrictions on the prevalence of non-COVID-19 VTE hospitalizations. Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of consecutive non-COVID-19 patients admitted for VTE at University Hospital Centre Zagreb. Patients hospitalized between March 1 and October 31, 2019, were compared to those hospitalized during the same period in 2020. Data on demographic characteristics, diagnostics, and outcomes were collected. Results: In 2019, 70 non-COVID-19 patients (48% female; mean age 60.8 ± 17.2 years) were admitted, compared to 86 patients (50% female; mean age 68.5 ± 16.8 years) in 2020. A significant increase in combined DVT and PE cases was observed in 2020 (p = 0.03). While the overall prevalence of VTE hospitalizations was not statistically different (4.1% in 2019 vs 5.4% in 2020, p = 0.106), patients in 2020 were significantly older (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has indirectly led to an increase in non-COVID-19 VTE cases, especially combined DVT and PE. This is likely due to the sedentary lifestyle imposed by pandemic restrictions, delayed medical treatment, and avoidance of healthcare facilities.
Novel Multiple Endpoint Approaches for Assessing Genotoxicity and Carcinogenicity Potential In Vitro
Authors:   , Reilly Linda
Published: October 2024

The current limitations of in vitro genotoxicity testing, often resulting in misleading predictions of in vivo carcinogenic potential, prompted a project aimed at enhancing predictive accuracy. This study integrated traditional genotoxicity data with a multi-endpoint approach, encompassing various cellular endpoints relevant to carcinogenicity. The developed multi-endpoint testing platform was compared with an innovative Multi-Endpoint Genotoxicity Assessment (MEGA) screen, an automated imaging-based micronucleus assay in A549 cells, providing insights into genotoxic mechanisms. The Swansea-based multi-endpoint platform conducted assays, including cytotoxicity, micronuclei induction (Mn), cell cycle perturbations, and other cancer-related endpoints over time in TK6 and A549 cells. A group of compounds (Cisplatin, Temozolomide, Trichostatin A, Potassium Bromate) underwent assessment across both cell lines. Examining Cisplatin as an example, the multi-endpoint strategy revealed a significant increase in Mn at 4 µM (*P ≤ 0.05), 50% cytotoxicity at 6 µM, early (*P ≤ 0.05) and late-stage (**P ≤ 0.01) apoptosis at 6 µM, and G2/M arrest (****P ≤ 0.0001) at 4 µM after 24 hours with a 24-hour recovery in TK6 cells. In A549 cells, the same time point exhibited a significant Mn increase at 0.5µM (*P ≤ 0.05), 50% cytotoxicity at 3 µM, early-stage apoptosis (*P ≤ 0.05) at 3 µM, and an increase in G1 population (*P ≤ 0.05) starting at 0.5µM. In the MEGA screen, A549 cells demonstrated responses at substantially higher doses (1000 µM), accompanied by significant toxicity. A multiple endpoint approach provided a comprehensive understanding of cisplatin's mechanism of action. Concurrent evaluation of both multi-endpoint systems identified strengths and weaknesses, facilitating the development and refinement of a predictive testing platform for in vitro carcinogenicity assessment. Future exploration of multi-endpoint approaches promises insights into compound mechanisms of action, detection of safety concerns, and contributions to evolving regulatory standards.
A Diachronic Study of the Portrayal of Culturally Specific Items in the (Re)translations of Rodoreda's La Plaça del Diamant (1962) / James Turner
Authors:   , Turner James R.
Published: October 2024

Published in 1962, La Plaça del Diamant is believed to be the most widely translated Catalan novel to date (Real, 2021). In English alone, there are currently three different versions available. Nonetheless, all three (re)translations have been criticized for their perceived deviations from the original and echo the age-long argument of whether we should adapt our translations to make them more accessible with the target-culture, or remain faithful to the source-culture. Despite a generally upward trend in interest on the topic of minority languages, such as Catalan, and the existence of several comparative works concerning the different versions of La Plaça del Diamant (e.g., Miguélez-Carballeira, 2003; Buffery, 2015 etc.), there remains a notable lack of quantitative and qualitative data comparing (dis)similarities across the different versions holistically. By way of a sequential mixed-methods analysis, involving an initial individual study and a subsequent participant study, this thesis aims to identify key diachronic trends in the approaches taken to produce each version. To achieve this, an analysis of the translation of culturally specific items (CSIs) has been carried out, the results of which found that contemporary translators domesticate (the act of removing or replacing cultural references to produce a translation that sounds natural and familiar to the target-audience) more frequently than their predecessors, who prefer to foreignize (the action of preserving said cultural references and producing a translation that maintains the cultural flavour of the original). This study blends a source-oriented approach through its analysis of levels of equivalence within the three (re)translations of La Plaça del Diamant, with a qualitative assessment of the effects that different translation approaches have upon the representation of the source-culture within the target-culture. This research aims to contribute a new research methodology to the study of literary retranslations and expand upon our current understanding of diachronic phenomena within translation studies.
‘Who have I forgotten': reflections on democracy, memory and colonialism
Authors: Margato Gonçalo
Published: October 2024

The pages that Miguel Cardina devotes to his book O Atrito da Memória (The Friction of Memory), published in 2023 by Tinta-da-china, seem scant. The book is subtitled Colonialismo, Guerra e Descolonização no Portugal Contemporâneo (Colonialism, War and Decolonization in Contemporary Portugal) and sets out to analyze the characteristics of the construction of the country’s collective memory regarding the colonial experience, at a time when we are approaching, at high speed, the 50th anniversary of 25 April 1974 and the formal decolonization of the former Portuguese colonies.
The Impact оf Artificial Intelligence оn Human Rights and General Recommendations for Sustainable Implementation
Authors: Kravchuk Svitlana
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the topic is due to the development of artificial intelligence (AI), one of the most important technological trends of our time, which has a significant impact on human rights and various aspects of human life. AI is developing extremely fast. This creates new challenges for human rights that need to be addressed immediately. It is important to understand how technology can change our society and what measures should be taken to protect human rights. The article explores the impact of AI development on human rights, emphasizing both positive and negative aspects of technological progress. The author analyzes how AI can threaten the right to privacy through the collecting and processing of large amounts of data, which can lead to a loss of control over personal information. The author considers the impact of AI on access to information, where algorithms can create information bubbles, limiting the variety of information received. Attention is drawn to possible restrictions on freedom of expression through algorithmic censorship of content, which may lead to restrictions on freedom of speech. The use of AI in the judicial system may affect the fairness of court decisions, especially if the algorithms have biases or errors. The author traces the impact of automation on the labor market and the risks of job losses and the need to find a balance between technological progress and employment. In the healthcare sector, AI can both improve diagnosis and treatment and create new challenges due to possible algorithmic errors and unequal access to medical technologies. In education, the use of AI opens up new opportunities but also creates barriers to access to knowledge, especially for vulnerable groups. The author emphasizes the importance of taking human rights into account in the context of climate risks. The author raises the issues of discrimination and restriction of freedom of movement due to biased algorithms. The author emphasizes the need to develop regulatory mechanisms to protect human rights in the context of the rapid development of AI, ensuring a balance between innovation and human rights protection, and provides a number of clear recommendations.
System of Public Administration of Currency Trading
Authors: Lychenko Iryna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the definition of the system of public administration of trade in currency values, the problem of theoretical substantiation of its elements, the main types of manifestations of the administration of this sphere, the study of the subjects of the implementation of administration functions, the study of the current legislation regulating this sphere of public-legal relations. Particular attention is paid to the definition of the content of the category “trade in currency values”, the disclosure of the legal nature and features of the category “public administration”, the outline of the approaches to the definition of its content and constituent elements available in domestic science. The definition of the system of public administration of trade in currency values and its constituent elements was carried out within the framework of the instrumental theory in law. It was established that, taking into account the initial provisions of the instrumental theory, the instruments of public administration of currency trading in Ukraine should be considered the norms of the current legislation, which determine the procedure for carrying out, in particular, the licensing of this activity, its control, taxation, the application of other management measures, prohibitions in this sphere, activity and law-enforcement acts of public administration bodies that carry out such management activities are empowered to impose administrative and financial sanctions. A proper definition of the category “administration of trade in currency values in Ukraine” is proposed. It was determined that the administration of trade in foreign exchange values takes place on the basis of complexity, reasonableness, flexibility of implementation and adaptability to the conditions of application of control and other measures, the expediency of their application, and orientation towards the consistent solution of current and long-termtasks of the state’s currency policy. The peculiarities of the functioning of subjects of the administration of currency trade in Ukraine, including the National Bank of Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine, the National Commission for Securities and the Stock Market, the State Tax Service of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in general, have been determined. It was found that the main subject of the administration of the outlined spheres of public legal relations is the National Bank of Ukraine. It is he who implements administrative, regulatory, control and other instruments in the field of currency relations. At the same time, other areas of implementation of the administration are disclosed, in particular, the activity of public administration bodies within the framework of taxation procedures of the researched activity is outlined.
Environmental Justice in Ukraine and the World
Authors: Marych Khrystyna , Karpiuk Anastasiia
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of domestic and foreign trends in environmental justice. To solve the set goal, the following research methods were used, in particular: the method of scientific observation is to form the topic and purpose of the research; comparative legal method in the study of foreign experience of environmental justice; logical method – for theoretical generalization and formulation of research conclusions. The main models of environmental justice that exist in the world include such as consideration of environmental cases by courts of general jurisdiction, consideration of environmental cases by judges specializing in environmental issues or specialized environmental divisions of courts, consideration of environmental cases by specialized environmental courts. Environmental courts, as specialized judicial authorities, deal with the resolution of environmental conflicts and the protection of the environment and function in particular in countries that are members of the European Union, such as Sweden and Austria. In Ukraine, environmental justice is carried out in the form of civil, economic, administrative and criminal proceedings. At the same time, civil, economic, administrative and criminal cases in the environmental sphere differ among themselves in terms of the type of offense, the subject of the dispute, the composition of subjects, etc. Judicial practice in the environmental sphere covers a wide range of environmental relations, in particular on atmospheric air protection, land protection and use of land resources, subsoil protection and use of minerals, protection of forests and use of forest resources, protection and use of territories and objects of the nature reserve fund, access to environmental information, waste management, etc. Environmental justice in Ukraine may be limited to the functioning of certain specialized environmental units in courts, or involve the formation of a system of specialized environmental courts throughout the country, including a higher specialized court. At the same time, the implementation of environmental justice will be more or less time-consuming and costly (depending on the model chosen for implementation).
Prospects for the Development of Cross-Border Cooperation at the Local Government Level in Ukraine
Authors: Pyvovar Maiia
Published: October 2024

The irreversible course of Ukraine’s accession to the European Union is vividly demonstrated every day in the media by the unwavering support of our country by international partners and organisations, as well as by the top officials of foreign states. The key task is to adapt the acquis communautaire into the national legislation of Ukraine. All reforms are taking place in parallel with the Ukrainian government’s accession negotiations, starting with the ratification of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement in 2014. An integral attribute of EU accession is the implementation of decentralisation reforms, including the development of cross-border cooperation of territorial communities. This is an important tool for the development of regions, cities and territorial communities, especially those bordering on neighbouring countries or having partnerships with territorial partners in other countries. Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the EU countries have virtually unanimously expressed political support for our country. The EU candidate status granted to Ukraine allows us to create the best conditions for the development of cross-border cooperation. Regardless of the duration of Ukraine’s accession process, the prospect of Ukraine’s membership in the EU has become a political reality and will sooner or later mean its integration into the EU single market and the Schengen area. Cross-border cooperation of subnational actors should be seen as a tool for territorial development of regions and communities, which ultimately benefits the whole country and should be in the public interest. State support for the development of cross-border cooperation at the regional and local level should be understood as a necessary investment that brings mutual benefits to all its partners. They will be able to use the opportunities offered by EU programmes for cross-border cooperation through various funding projects. In addition, such cooperation is of public interest to every European country. The state is obliged to be interested in this and provide opportunities to develop such cooperation. Therefore, in June 2024, the Law of Ukraine ‘On International Territorial Cooperation of Ukraine’ was recently adopted, which addresses a number of shortcomings and problems of local government functioning within the framework of international cooperation between territorial communities and regions of foreign countries.