bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formative evaluation of a teledentistry training programme for oral health professionals
Authors: McFarland K. K. , Nayar P. , Chandak A. , Gupta N.
Published: March 2017

Introduction

The objective of this study was to conduct a formative evaluation of a teledentistry (TD) programme that was developed for a predominantly rural state in the Midwestern United States.

Materials and Methods

Formative evaluation data were collected on programme activities from the TD programme records. In addition, the effectiveness of the TD training programme was evaluated using a self‐administered paper‐based survey administered to the participants, immediately following completion of the training activity. Ninety‐three dental students, oral health and other health professionals participated in the TD training programme.

Results

Overall, the trainees rated the TD training programme highly, with regard to the content, format and skills improvement. The evaluation also demonstrated a positive change in all trainees’ attitudes following the training sessions, with most trainees acknowledging a positive impact of the training on their knowledge and competency.

Discussion and Conclusions

We identified challenges in the development of the TD programme and in expanding access to oral health care for rural communities. Challenges included reimbursement and a limited interest amongst established dental offices. Dental schools can play an important role in preparing both dental health professionals and other health professionals in the use of TD by providing training and oral health expertise. The use of TD by non‐dental providers for consultation, referral and disease management has the potential to improve oral health outcomes, particularly for rural and underserved populations. Evaluation data provide critical feedback to programme planners and administrators.
Non‐obstructive carotid atherosclerosis and patent foramen ovale in young adults with cryptogenic stroke
Authors: Jaffre A. , Guidolin B. , Ruidavets J.‐B. , Nasr N. , Larrue V.
Published: March 2017

Background and purpose

Up to 50% of ischaemic strokes in young adults are classified as cryptogenic despite extensive work‐up. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of non‐obstructive carotid atherosclerosis (NOCA) and its association with patent foramen ovale (PFO) in young adults with cryptogenic stroke (CS).

Methods

Patients aged 18–54 years, consecutively treated for first‐ever CS in an academic stroke service, were included. NOCA was assessed using carotid ultrasound examination and was defined as carotid plaque with <50% stenosis. PFO was diagnosed with transesophageal echocardiography.

Results

A total of 164 patients [mean age (SD) = 43.7 (8.5) years; 104 men] were included. A PFO was found in 79/164 (48.2%) patients. NOCA was demonstrated in 41/164 (25%) patients. NOCA was more common in patients without PFO [37.6% vs. 11.4%, P < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval), 0.24 (0.10–0.56)]. Older age (P = 0.046) and subcortical location of cerebral infarct (P = 0.015) were also associated with the absence of PFO, whereas hypertension, diabetes and smoking were not.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that NOCA is common in young adults with CS. NOCA is negatively associated with PFO. Detecting NOCA is an important component of stroke investigation in young adults.
Moving faults and building fracture models in a digital world—an example from Glen Coe, Scotland
Authors: Muir R.J.
Published: March 2017

It is now very easy to create realistic 3D models of rock outcrops from digital photographs. Using images captured on a smartphone or a standard digital camera, a series of overlapping photographs of the outcrop can be merged together and draped over a 3D mesh that accurately represents the topography of the real rock face. The information required to generate the 3D model is all contained within the 2D digital photographs and no other sophisticated surveying equipment is required. There are several freely available software applications that can be used to generate and then interrogate this type of 3D model. This article uses an example from Glen Coe in the SW Highlands of Scotland to demonstrate how best to capture the 3D aspects of an outcrop using a digital camera and then illustrates some of the structural features that can be analysed in more detail.
Imagining Disability Futurities
Authors: Rice Carla , Chandler Eliza , Rinaldi Jen , Changfoot Nadine , Liddiard Kirsty , Mykitiuk Roxanne , Mündel Ingrid
Published: March 2017

This article explores twelve short narrative films created by women and trans people living with disabilities and embodied differences. Produced through Project Re•Vision, these micro documentaries uncover the cultures and temporalities of bodies of difference by foregrounding themes of multiple histories: body, disability, maternal, medical, and/or scientific histories; and divergent futurities: contradictory, surprising, unpredictable, opaque, and/or generative futures. We engage with Alison Kafer's call to theorize disability futurity by wrestling with the ways in which “the future” is normatively deployed in the service of able‐bodiedness and able‐mindedness (Kafer 2013), a deployment used to render bodies of difference as sites of “no future” (Edelman 2004). By re‐storying embodied difference, the storytellers illuminate ongoing processes of remaking their bodily selves in ways that respond to the past and provide possibilities for different futures; these orientations may be configured as “dis‐topias” based not on progress, but on new pathways for living, uncovered not through evoking the familiar imaginaries of curing, eliminating, or overcoming disability, but through incorporating experiences of embodied difference into time. These temporalities gesture toward new kinds of futures, giving us glimpses of ways of cripping time, of cripping ways of being/becoming in time, and of radically re‐presencing disability in futurity.
Timing Problems: When Care and Violence Converge in Stephen King's Horror Novel Christine
Authors: Clifford Simplican Stacy
Published: March 2017

Judith Butler, Joan Tronto, and Stephen King all hinge human experience on shared ontological vulnerability, but whereas Butler and Tronto use vulnerability to build ethical commitments, King exploits aging, disability, and death to frighten us. King's horror genre is provocative for the imaginative landscape of feminist theory precisely because he uses vulnerability to magnify the anxieties of mass culture. In Christine, the characters' shared susceptibility to psychic and physical injury blurs the boundary between care and violence. Like Butler, King depicts our social worlds encrusted with normative violence: the mundane ways that norms police gender, race, class, and disability identities. And like Butler, King makes undecidability a key feature of human identity: the idea that needs and identities are uncertain. Normative violence and undecidability trouble the starting point of Tronto's care theory—attentiveness to needs—because both concepts invest interdependency with ambiguity and conflict. But like Tronto, King recognizes that care‐actors must act, even amid ambiguity and even when their actions make care and aggression converge. Christine's supernatural plot details the psychic possession of an American teenager, but the novel's more terrifying story is about interdependency and how normative violence is not the antithesis of care, but its dark underbelly.
Pyoderma gangrenosum: clinical characteristics, associated diseases, and responses to treatment in a retrospective cohort study of 31 patients
Authors: Vacas Aldana S. , Torre Ana C. , Bollea‐Garlatti María L. , Warley Fernando , Galimberti Ricardo L.
Published: March 2017

Objective

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) and to evaluate the association between these characteristics, the treatment followed, and the patient responses, relapses, and mortality rates.

Material and methods

This retrospective cohort study identified adults diagnosed with pyoderma gangrenosum over the duration of 10 years.

Results

Thirty‐one patients were evaluated; 58% were women and 55% were older than 65 years, 87% presented with the ulcerative type, and 77% showed lower limb compromise. Approximately 74% of the cases were associated with systemic disease. The most frequent were inflammatory bowel disease (32%) and hematologic malignancies (22%). Pyoderma gangrenosum preceded the associated disease in 26% of the patients, all of them were younger than 50 years old (P = 0.059). In 83% of the latter, the diagnosis of associated disease followed the cutaneous lesions within 24 months. Among the 10 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, six required biologic agents to control the pyoderma gangrenosum (P = 0.002).

Conclusion

Despite the advances that have been made in the treatment of patients with pyoderma gangrenosum, we are still unclear as to the optimal way in which patients should be followed up once the diagnosis is made. The results of our study underline the importance of doing screening tests to detect potential disease, emphasizing patients younger than 50 years old, for a minimum time lapse of 24 months. It is essential to design randomized‐controlled trials to understand the most appropriate and effective ways of following up patients with pyoderma gangrenosum.
Non‐State Actors and the New Intergovernmentalism
Authors: Baird Theodore
Published: March 2017

This research note responds to recent debates about new intergovernmentalism and argues that the hypotheses of Bickerton, Hodson and Puetter overlook the roles non‐state actors play in the integration process. It intends to open up a debate about private power and the new intergovernmentalism, demonstrating that the concentration of powers of national governments has proceeded alongside the concentration of powers of transnational business interests in Europe. The note draws on the example of the civil security industry and Justice and Home Affairs policies in order to modify the six hypotheses of new intergovernmentalism.
Comparison of grain to grain orientation and stiffness mapping by spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy and EBSD
Authors: MARK A.F. , LI W. , SHARPLES S. , WITHERS P.J.
Published: March 2017

Our aim was to establish the capability of spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) to map grain orientations and the anisotropy in stiffness at the sub‐mm to micron scale by comparing the method with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) undertaken within a scanning electron microscope. In the former the grain orientations are deduced by measuring the spatial variation in elastic modulus; conversely, in EBSD the elastic anisotropy is deduced from direct measurements of the crystal orientations. The two test‐cases comprise mapping the fusion zones for large TIG and MMA welds in thick power plant austenitic and ferritic steels, respectively; these are technologically important because, among other things, elastic anisotropy can cause ultrasonic weld inspection methods to become inaccurate because it causes bending in the paths of sound waves. The spatial resolution of SRAS is not as good as that for EBSD (∼100 m vs. ∼a few nm), nor is the angular resolution (∼1.5° vs. ∼0.5°). However the method can be applied to much larger areas (currently on the order of 300 mm square), is much faster (∼5 times), is cheaper and easier to perform, and it could be undertaken on the manufacturing floor. Given these advantages, particularly to industrial users, and the on‐going improvements to the method, SRAS has the potential to become a standard method for orientation mapping, particularly in cases where the elastic anisotropy is important over macroscopic/component length scales.
Progressive resistance‐loaded voluntary wheel running increases hypertrophy and differentially affects muscle protein synthesis, ribosome biogenesis, and proteolytic markers in rat muscle
Authors: Mobley C. B. , Holland A. M. , Kephart W. C. , Mumford P. W. , Lowery R. P. , Kavazis A. N. , Wilson J. M. , Roberts M. D.
Published: March 2017

We examined if 6 weeks of progressive resistance‐loaded voluntary wheel running in rats induced plantaris, soleus, and/or gastrocnemius hypertrophy and/or affected markers of translational efficiency, ribosome biogenesis, and markers of proteolysis. For 6 weeks, 8 male Sprague‐Dawley rats (~9–10 weeks of age, ~300–325 g) rats were assigned to the progressive resistance‐loaded voluntary wheel running model (EX), and ten rats were not trained (SED). For EX rats, the wheel‐loading paradigm was as follows – days 1–7: free‐wheel resistance, days 8–15: wheel resistance set to 20%–25% body mass, days 16–24: 40% body mass, days 25–32: 60% body mass, days 33–42: 40% body mass. Following the intervention, muscles were analysed for markers of translational efficiency, ribosome biogenesis, and muscle proteolysis. Raw gastrocnemius mass (+13%, p < .01), relative (body mass‐corrected) gastrocnemius mass (+16%, p < .001), raw plantaris mass (+13%, p < .05), and relative plantaris mass (+15%, p < .01) were greater in EX vs. SED rats. In spite of gastrocnemius hypertrophy, EX animals presented a 54% decrease in basal muscle protein synthesis levels (p < .01), a 125% increase in pan 4EBP1 levels (p < .001) and a 31% decrease in pan eIF4E levels (p < .05). However, in relation to SED animals, EX animals presented a 70% increase in gastrocnemius c‐Myc protein levels (p < .05). Most markers of translational efficiency and ribosome biogenesis were not altered in the plantaris or soleus muscles of EX vs. SED animals. Gastrocnemius F‐box protein 32 and poly‐ubiquinated protein levels were approximately 150% and 200% greater in SED vs. EX rats (p < .001). These data suggest that the employed resistance training model increases hind limb muscle hypertrophy, and this may be mainly facilitated through reductions in skeletal muscle proteolysis, rather than alterations in ribosome biogenesis or translational efficiency.
Subjective Social Status in Transitioning China: Trends and Determinants
Authors: Chen Yunsong , Williams Mark
Published: March 2017

Objective

This study provides the first representative portrait of temporal trends in subjective social status (SSS) in China. SSS has been shown to be important for health and well‐being outcomes, yet little is known how its determinants change over time.

Methods

Using data from 10 nationally representative survey waves, 2003 to 2012 (N = 80,141), we examine descriptive and multivariate trends. Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition is used to decompose changes in determinants in mean SSS over time.

Results and Conclusion

Results demonstrate that (1) average SSS has risen over time, yet there is an enduring tendency for the Chinese to place themselves in lowest levels in the social hierarchy; (2) objective socioeconomic variables such as income explain much of the rise in average SSS; (3) yet the strength of the relationship between socioeconomic variables predicting SSS has been weakening over time. This article adds to our understanding of the determinants of SSS in contexts undergoing transition.
Decentralized MRAC for Large-Scale Interconnected Systems With State and Input Delays by Integrators Inclusion
Authors: Hashemipour Seyed Hamid , Vasegh Nastaran , Sedigh Ali Khaki
Published: March 2017

This paper investigates the problem of decentralized model reference adaptive control (MRAC) for a class of large-scale systems with time-varying delays in the interconnected terms and state and input delays. The upper bounds of interconnection terms with time-varying delays and external disturbances are assumed to be completely unknown. By integrators inclusion, a dynamic input delay compensator is established for input delay compensation and it is used as a practical method for state calculation x(t + R). Also, a method is presented for a class of decentralized feedback controllers, which can evolve the closed-loop system error uniformly bounded stable. As a numerical example, the proposed technique is applied to an unstable open-loop system to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.
Listeriomics: an Interactive Web Platform for Systems Biology of
Listeria
Authors: Bécavin Christophe , Koutero Mikael , Tchitchek Nicolas , Cerutti Franck , Lechat Pierre , Maillet Nicolas , Hoede Claire , Chiapello Hélène , Gaspin Christine , Cossart Pascale
Published: March 2017

In the last decades,
Listeria
has become a key model organism for the study of host-pathogen interactions, noncoding RNA regulation, and bacterial adaptation to stress. To study these mechanisms, several genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics data sets have been produced. We have developed Listeriomics, an interactive web platform to browse and correlate these heterogeneous sources of information. Our website will allow listeriologists and microbiologists to decipher key regulation mechanism by using a systems biology approach.
Forensic investigation into a death: post-traumatic amnesia in a worker with a work-related head injury sustained in a coal-fired thermal power plant in India
Authors: Muralidhar Venkiteswaran
Published: March 2017

This is the first reported case of a work-related head injury in a coal-fired thermal power plant in India. This case highlights the trend of not reporting work injuries due to fears of reprisal from the management team that may include the termination of employment. Post-traumatic amnesia in a worker presenting with head trauma must be recognised by coworkers, so the cause of injury can be elicited early and the victim gets timely medical help. There are few published studies on work-related traumatic brain injury, and they provide no information on either anatomical localisation or signs and symptoms. It is imperative that this under-researched area is studied, so detailed epidemiology and accurate national and global statistics are made available to address this dangerous yet preventable condition.
Trajectories of urinary incontinence in childhood and bladder and bowel symptoms in adolescence: prospective cohort study
Authors: Heron Jon , Grzeda Mariusz T , von Gontard Alexander , Wright Anne , Joinson Carol
Published: March 2017

Objectives

To identify different patterns (trajectories) of childhood urinary incontinence and examine which patterns are associated with bladder and bowel symptoms in adolescence.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

General community.

Participants

The starting sample included 8751 children (4507 men and 4244 women) with parent-reported data on frequency of bedwetting and daytime wetting for at least three of five time points (4½, 5½, 6½, 7½ and 9½ years—hereafter referred to as 4–9 years). Study children provided data on a range of bladder and bowel symptoms at age 14 (data available for 5899 participants).

Outcome measures

Self-reported bladder and bowel symptoms at 14 years including daytime wetting, bedwetting, nocturia, urgency, frequent urination, low voided volume, voiding postponement, passing hard stools and low stool frequency.

Results

We extracted 5 trajectories of urinary incontinence from 4 to 9 years using longitudinal latent class analysis: (1) normative development of daytime and night-time bladder control (63.0% of the sample), (2) delayed attainment of bladder control (8.6%), (3) bedwetting alone (no daytime wetting) (15.6%), (4) daytime wetting alone (no bedwetting) (5.8%) and (5) persistent wetting (bedwetting with daytime wetting to age 9) (7.0%). The persistent wetting class generally showed the strongest associations with the adolescent bladder and bowel symptoms: OR for bedwetting at 14 years=23.5, 95% CI (15.1 to 36.5), daytime wetting (6.98 (4.50 to 10.8)), nocturia (2.39 (1.79 to 3.20)), urgency (2.10 (1.44 to 3.07)) and passing hard stools (2.64 (1.63 to 4.27)) (reference category=normative development). The association with adolescent bedwetting was weaker for children with bedwetting alone (3.69 (2.21 to 6.17)).

Conclusions

Trajectories of childhood urinary incontinence are differentially associated with adolescent bladder and bowel symptoms. Children exhibiting persistent bedwetting with daytime wetting had the poorest outcomes in adolescence.
Flying-seed-like liquid crystals 7: Synthesis and mesomorphism of novel octakis(m-chloropyridyloxy) phthalocyanato copper(II) complexes
Authors: Ohta Kazuchika , Adachia Kaori , Yasutakeb Mikio
Published: March 2017

We have synthesized three novel octakis([Formula: see text]-chloropyridyloxy)phthalocyaninato copper(II) complexes, [x-PyO(m-Cl)][Formula: see text]PcCu([Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 2, 3, 4: 2a–2c), keeping a chlorine atom at the meta position on the 2-, 3- and 4-pyridyloxy group, in which the nitrogen atom is located at the 2-, 3- and 4-positions, respectively. Their phase transition behavior and the mesophase structure have been established by using a polarizing optical microscope, a differential scanning calorimeter, and a temperature-dependent small angle X-ray diffractometer. Very interestingly, the mesomorphism appears with strong dependence of the position of nitrogen in [Formula: see text]-chloropyridyloxy group. The derivative [3-PyO(m-Cl)][Formula: see text]PcCu (2b) introduced a nitrogen atom at the 3-position is not mesogenic but crystalline. On the other hand, the derivative [2-PyO(m-Cl)][Formula: see text]PcCu (2a) introduced a nitrogen atom at the 2-position shows columnar mesomorphism only at very high temperatures over 325°C. The derivative [4-PyO(m-Cl)][Formula: see text]PcCu (2c) introduced a nitrogen atom at the 4-position shows columnar mesomorphism in a very wide temperature region from rt to the decomposition temperature at 306°C. From the viewpoint of N…Cl halogen bond, we have discussed about relationship between their mesomorphism and the position of nitrogen atom in [Formula: see text]-chloropyridyloxy group.
CASE REPORT: PSITTACINE POX VIRUS INFECTION IN AGAPORNIS ROSEICOLLIS
Authors: Lo Dan-Yuan , Yeh Jih-Ching , Chi Chris , Chen Chiou-Lin , Chang Ming-Huang , Yu Pin-Huan , Kuo Hung-Chih
Published: March 2017

This case report describes the outbreak of a combined diphtheritic and cutaneous form of psittacine pox in Agapornis roseicollis in Tainan, Taiwan in June, 2015. Scabs were observed on the legs and eyelids, the bases of beaks, and diphtheritic mucous membranes were observed on the upper digestive and respiratory tracts, too. In histopathological examinations, epitheliums and osteoblasts in nasal bone contained eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in stratum spinosum. The infected bird beak tissue exhibited brick-shaped virions with biconcave dumbbell-shaped core by transmission electron microscopy. From the previous reports, psittacine pox virus in Taiwan may be more virulent than other reported strains and still occurs as a sporadic disease in Taiwan. This is the first report in the world discussed about the infection of osteoblast by poxvirus.
WCET-Aware Dynamic I-Cache Locking for a Single Task
Authors: Zheng Wenguang , Wu Hui , Yang Qing
Published: March 2017

Caches are widely used in embedded systems to bridge the increasing speed gap between processors and off-chip memory. However, caches make it significantly harder to compute the worst-case execution time (WCET) of a task. To alleviate this problem, cache locking has been proposed. We investigate the WCET-aware I-cache locking problem and propose a novel dynamic I-cache locking heuristic approach for reducing the WCET of a task. For a nonnested loop, our approach aims at selecting a minimum set of memory blocks of the loop as locked cache contents by using the min-cut algorithm. For a loop nest, our approach not only aims at selecting a minimum set of memory blocks of the loop nest as locked cache contents but also finds a good loading point for each selected memory block. We propose two algorithms for finding a good loading point for each selected memory block, a polynomial-time heuristic algorithm and an integer linear programming (ILP)-based algorithm, further reducing the WCET of each loop nest. We have implemented our approach and compared it to two state-of-the-art I-cache locking approaches by using a set of benchmarks from the MRTC benchmark suite. The experimental results show that the polynomial-time heuristic algorithm for finding a good loading point for each selected memory block performs almost equally as well as the ILP-based algorithm. Compared to the partial locking approach proposed in Ding et al. [2012], our approach using the heuristic algorithm achieves the average improvements of 33%, 15%, 9%, 3%, 8%, and 11% for the 256B, 512B, 1KB, 4KB, 8KB, and 16KB caches, respectively. Compared to the dynamic locking approach proposed in Puaut [2006], it achieves the average improvements of 9%, 19%, 18%, 5%, 11%, and 16% for the 256B, 512B, 1KB, 4KB, 8KB, and 16KB caches, respectively.
Implementation and Optimization of GPU-Based Static State Security Analysis in Power Systems
Authors: Chen Yong , Jin Hai , Jiang Han , Xu Dechao , Zheng Ran , Liu Haocheng
Published: March 2017

Static state security analysis (SSSA) is one of the most important computations to check whether a power system is in normal and secure operating state. It is a challenge to satisfy real-time requirements with CPU-based concurrent methods due to the intensive computations. A sensitivity analysis-based method with Graphics processing unit (GPU) is proposed for power systems, which can reduce calculation time by 40% compared to the execution on a 4-core CPU. The proposed method involves load flow analysis and sensitivity analysis. In load flow analysis, a multifrontal method for sparse LU factorization is explored on GPU through dynamic frontal task scheduling between CPU and GPU. The varying matrix operations during sensitivity analysis on GPU are highly optimized in this study. The results of performance evaluations show that the proposed GPU-based SSSA with optimized matrix operations can achieve a significant reduction in computation time.
Catatonia Secondary to Sudden Clozapine Withdrawal: A Case with Three Repeated Episodes and a Literature Review
Authors: Bilbily John , McCollum Betsy , de Leon Jose
Published: March 2017

A literature search identified 9 previously published cases that were considered as possible cases of catatonia secondary to sudden clozapine withdrawal. Two of these 9 cases did not provide enough information to make a diagnosis of catatonia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Edition (DSM-5). The Liverpool Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Causality Scale was modified to assess ADRs secondary to drug withdrawal. From the 7 published cases which met DSM-5 catatonia criteria, using the modified scale, we established that 3 were definitive and 4 were probable cases of catatonia secondary to clozapine withdrawal. A new definitive case is described with three catatonic episodes which (1) occurred after sudden discontinuation of clozapine in the context of decades of follow-up, (2) had ≥3 of 12 DSM-5 catatonic symptoms and serum creatinine kinase elevation, and (3) required medical hospitalization and intravenous fluids. Clozapine may be a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonist; sudden clozapine withdrawal may explain a sudden decrease in GABA activity that may contribute to the development of catatonic symptoms in vulnerable patients. Based on the limited information from these cases, the pharmacological treatment for catatonia secondary to sudden clozapine withdrawal can include benzodiazepines and/or restarting clozapine.
All That Wheezes Is Not Asthma: A Case of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Larynx
Authors: Rahman Bushra , Bilal Jawad , Sipra Qurat Ul Ain Riaz , Riaz Irbaz Bin
Published: March 2017

Localized laryngeal lymphoma is a rare entity with an incidence of less than 1% of all laryngeal neoplasms. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of laryngeal neoplasms. Here, we describe a case of a young 28-year-old female with large B-cell lymphoma who remained undiagnosed for a long time owing to a myriad of nonspecific presentation including “wheezing.” Although primary laryngeal lymphomas constitute a diagnostic challenge since they are rare, one should have a high index of suspicion for lymphoma of the larynx in patients presenting with unresolved wheezing as it can present catastrophically with acute airway obstruction requiring immediate surgical intervention which was observed in this case. Treatment includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. We hope that the discussions ensuing from case reports regarding uncommon presentations of laryngeal lymphoma may spur the formation of regional/international databases for the description of lymphomas with unusual presentations. This effort can lead to in-depth study of cases and prompt awareness of “rare and subtle presentations” of laryngeal lymphoma.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia as an Unusual Cause of Rapid Airway Compromise
Authors: Bersabe Adrian R. , Romain Joshua T. , Ezzell Erin E. , Renshaw John S.
Published: March 2017

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in Western countries predominantly affecting adults over the age of 65. CLL is commonly indolent in nature but can present locally and aggressively at extranodal sites. Although CLL may commonly present with cervical lymphadenopathy, manifestation in nonlymphoid regions of the head and neck is not well described. CLL causing upper airway obstruction is even more uncommon. We describe a case of a patient with known history of CLL and stable lymphocytosis that developed an enlarging lymphoid base of tongue (BOT) mass resulting in rapid airway compromise.
Ocorrências de Foraminíferos Fósseis no Brasil
Authors: Petri Setembrino
Published: March 2017

São descritos pela primeira vez alguns foraminiferos fósseis do Brasil. O artigo inicia com um breve apanhado das informações pré¬ vias sobre ocorrências de foraminiferos fósseis do Brasil. Discute-se material com foraminiferos procedente de Caraparú, Estado do Pará, provavelmente referivel à formação Pirabas de idade miocenica. Não foram atingidas, porém, determinações sistemáticas. Segue-se a descrição de alguns foraminiferos do Paleozoico Superior, procedentes do Rio Parauarí (formação Itaituba). dentre os quais foram genericamente reconhecidos Endothyra e Plectogyra. São considerados, então, foraminiferos cretácicos vindos do Rio Gramane, Estado de Paraiba do Norte e Ponta dos Barcos, Estado de Sergipe. Detem-se o autor mais demoradamente sobre fósseis coletados na Ponta de Pirabas (formação P irabas), cuja idade é considerada miocenica. Descreve: Quinqueloculina sp. a, Q. sp. b., Q. sp. c, Pytgo sp. a, P. sp. b., Peneroplis sp., Discovbis? sp.., “Rotalia ’ sp., Gyroidina? sp., Eponides sp., Nonion sp. a, N . sp. b
Impact of Substrate Modification by Catheter Ablation on Implantable Cardioverter–Defibrillator Interventions in Patients With Unstable Ventricular Arrhythmias and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kuck Karl-Heinz , Tilz Roland Richard , Deneke Thomas , Hoffmann Boris A. , Ventura Rodolfo , Hansen Peter Steen , Zarse Markus , Hohnloser Stefan H. , Kautzner Josef , Willems Stephan
Published: March 2017

Background—

The implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) is the standard therapy to prevent sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease and unstable ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The prospective multinational SMS (Substrate Modification Study) was designed to assess whether prophylactic ablation of the arrhythmogenic substrate reduces or prevents the recurrence of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation in such patients.

Methods and Results—

Of 111 patients included in an intention-to-treat analysis, 54 were randomly assigned catheter ablation plus ICD implantation (ablation group: 68±8 years; 47 men), whereas 57 were assigned ICD implantation without catheter ablation (ICD-only group: 66±8 years; 46 men). Primary study end point was the time to first recurrence of ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation. ICD episodes were assessed and verified by an independent board. Patients were followed up for 2.3±1.1 years. The primary end point was reached by 25 ablation patients and 26 ICD-only patients. Two-year event-free survival was estimated at 49.0% (95% confidence interval, 33.3%–62.9%) in the former and 52.4% (36.7%–65.9%) in the latter groups. Comparison of episode incidence revealed no significant difference in the primary end point (
P
=0.84). In an Andersen–Gill regression model with multiple end point recurrences, the difference between the study arms significantly favored catheter ablation for both the primary end point and all but one of the predefined subgroups of detected arrhythmia events.

Conclusions—

SMS failed to meet the primary end point of time to first ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation recurrence. However, catheter ablation did reduce the total number of ICD interventions during the duration of follow-up.

Clinical Trial Registration—

https://clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00170287.
Exploring the Islamic Juridical Field in the Russian Empire: An Introduction
Authors: Sartori Paolo
Published: March 2017

When studying Muslim-majority regions of the Russian empire, one sees substantial variations in the relations between the imperial state and Islam. These variations may be less reflective of changes in imperial policies designed to administer Islam than a function of the material we choose to study relations between the empire and its Muslim communities and, especially, of the assumptions that we bring to the study of such relations. Over the last decade, the historiography relating to Muslim communities living under Russian rule has shifted between two major interpretations. In this introduction I show that attention to Islamic juristic literature allows us to understand that such interpretations are not without problems and helps us to complicate the dominant narratives about Muslim culture in the Russian Empire.
The Attitude of the Catholic Church toward the Jews: An Outline of a Turbulent History
Authors: Szocik Konrad , Walden Philip L.
Published: March 2017

The practice of imprisoning Jews in ghettos and marking them out with special signs (as was introduced by Pius vi in the Papal States, inter alia, in 1775) is associated more with the Nazism of the Third Reich than with the Roman Catholic Church. Nevertheless, the Church maintained its policy of perfidis Judaeis until the beginning of the 1960s, when it was stopped by Vatican ii, probably because of the pressure of social and political factors. This topic is, however, difficult to explain, often very controversial, and subject to many different interpretations. Here we show that anti-Semitic ideas were present in the Church before Vatican ii, and that they have a religious, theological, and philosophical background. We discuss those interpretations which, in an ideological sense, connect anti-Semitism in the Church with the genocidal anti-Semitism of the Third Reich. This article underlines the revolutionary change in the Church’s attitude toward Jews in Vatican ii, a change caused primarily by the Holocaust.
Four new species and five morphospecies of Ficophagus Davies & Bartholomaeus, 2015 (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from Ficus subgenus Urostigma sect. Americana (Moraceae) in Central America
Authors: Davies Kerrie A. , Ye Weimin , Kanzaki Natsumi , Center Barbara , Bartholomaeus Faerlie W. , Herre E. Allen , Esquivel Alejandro , Giblin-Davis Robin M.
Published: March 2017

Four new species ofFicophaguswere recovered from the sycones ofFicusspp. from the SubgenusUrostigmasectionAmericanafrom Central America. The species are described here asFicophagus bulleneisp. n.,F. costaricanussp. n.,F. paraensissp. n. andF. kayaisp. n. The new species are differentiated from other species of the genus by a combination of morphological characters including body length, position of the excretory pore, spicule shape, stylet form, length of the post-uterine sac, tail shape, sequence data of the ribosomal DNA 18S, 28S D2-D3 and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I, biogeographical range, and host wasp andFicusspecies affiliations. In addition, five morphospecies are described fromFicus cahuitensis,F. citrifolia,F. dugandii,F. obtusifolia, andF. trigonata, respectively. The morphospecies are not formally named due to a lack of pertinent data/molecular sequences.
The omnimoda historia of Nummius Aemilianus Dexter: A Latin Translation of Eusebius’ Chronography?
Authors: Van Hoof Lieve
Published: March 2017

This article discusses two problems of interpretation in the entry on Dexter in Jerome’s De viris illustribus (Hier. vir. ill.). In particular, it offers the first detailed discussion of the information we possess on Dexter’s omnimoda historia, and suggests that it may have been a Latin translation and/or adaptation of the first part of the chronicle of Eusebius, the so-called chronography.
The Importance of Power Balance in Nuclear Arms Negotiations: An Addendum
Authors: LaMar Casey
Published: March 2017

Theorists debate whether symmetry or asymmetry of the power balance can help bring about bargaining success. Arbitration is difficult because the ‘Symmetry Theory’ accepts Structuralist theoretical conventions, while the ‘Asymmetry Theory’ rejects such conventions. This article employs a ‘Nuclear Weapons Addendum’ to strengthen the Asymmetry Theory by allowing it to explain bargaining results in symmetric and asymmetric cases without dismissing Structuralist assumptions. We analyze comparative case studies of the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty to argue that this modified Asymmetry Theory provides a more convincing narrative that should be considered in Structuralist discussions of international negotiation.
Camp David and Dayton: Comparing Jimmy Carter and Richard Holbrooke as Mediators
Authors: Karčić Hamza
Published: March 2017

u.s. mediation towards resolving the Arab-Israeli conflict in the 1970s and Balkan conflicts in the 1990s may not seem comparable at first. Differences between these conflicts in terms of history, duration and dynamics abound. The nature and level of u.s. involvement provides further contrasts. Yet, the Camp David negotiations in 1978 and the Dayton Peace Talks in 1995 offer striking parallels in terms of third-party mediator actions undertaken. This article compares the two summits by applying the analytic framework developed by Curran, Sebenius and Watkins to categorize third party mediator strategies. The analysis builds on this framework and deduces common tactics employed by third-party mediators at Camp David and Dayton.
The uk Liability Framework for the Transport of CO2 for Offshore Carbon Capture and Storage Operations
Authors: Weber Viktor , Tsimplis Michael N.
Published: March 2017

Carbon (dioxide) capture and storage (ccs) is one of the solutions for decarbonising society whereby CO2 is captured, transported, and injected into geological formations. It can be transported to offshore locations through pipelines or ships. Which method provides for a better deal for investors depends to an extent on the financial risk associated with these two methods, which in turn is linked with exposure to liability. This paper compares the potential liability arising from the carriage of CO2 by ships and by pipelines in the uk offshore context. The two modes of transport are governed by significantly different regimes, even though they concern the same material. It is argued that the transport of CO2 by ships and by pipelines poses similar risks and therefore they should have a similar liability regime. This would afford pipeline operators the economic advantages available to shipowners and incentivise investment in the transport phase of ccs.
Submarine Telecommunication Cables and a Biodiversity Agreement in abnj: Finding New Routes for Cooperation
Authors: Friedman Andrew
Published: March 2017

In 2016, countries began meeting at the United Nations (un) to prepare for negotiations to develop an international legally binding instrument on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (abnj). How the instrument will relate to submarine cables, if at all, remains to be decided. The preparatory committee will address a “package” of issues, among them the application of area-based management tools, including marine protected areas (mpas) and environmental impact assessments (eias) to activities in abnj. eias and mpas already affect submarine cable operations in national jurisdictions. In abnj, a new instrument should formalize a cooperative framework with the cable industry to provide limited environmental management where necessary without over-burdening cable operations. This approach would be consistent with the un Convention on the Law of the Sea and could also inform governance with respect to other activities likely to be benign in abnj.
The Sewol Ferry Disaster in Korea: Liability and Compensation Issues
Authors: Lee Seokwoo
Published: March 2017

On 16 April 2014, the Sewol Ferry sank off the coast of Jindo, Korea, resulting in the deaths of 304 passengers. The Korean government enacted the ‘Sewol Ferry Special Act’ to provide special forms of compensation to victims by the State. It permits the Korean government to subrogate the claims of the victims and to take action against the private persons and public agencies at fault for the sinking of the Sewol. But problems have arisen because of the complexities of insurance law and the difficulties of identifying the respective degrees of fault between the responsible parties.
Missional Conversion and Transformation in the Context of the Korean Protestant Church
Authors: Choi Hyung Keun
Published: March 2017

The concept of the missional church has been increasingly spread among the Korean Protestant churches and especially to those who are deeply concerned about the true nature of church and mission in the midst of the critical situation faced by the Korean Church. This article articulates the doctrine of the Trinity in relation to the concept of missio Dei. In terms of dealing with conversion and transformation of the church, it explains the understanding of the church and mission of the Korean Church that tends to be inclined to reduce salvation. In this sense, the Korean Church needs radical conversion and transformation to missio Dei. This article suggests some key factors of the Korean missional church movement: authentic worship, community and discipleship. It also explores various aspects and streams of the missional church movement in the Korean Church as it participates in the life of neighbors. It suggests ways in which the Korean Church can rediscover the nature of the church through authentic conversion and transformation to become the people of God who are called and sent into the world by the triune God.

在韩国教会面临关键的形势时，宣教教会这样的概念已在基督教教会， 特别是那些关注教会及宣教真义的群体中，越来越传播开。 本文论述有关 missio Dei 的三一论。关于教会的转化这个课题，本文对韩国教会的宣教和教会的理解进行解读，韩国教会对此的理解往往减低为救恩而已，从这个层面来说，韩国教会需要对 missio Dei 有根本的转化。本文提出韩国宣教教会运动的一些主要因素：包括本真的敬拜，群体，与作门徒，并发掘宣教教会运动因参与邻舍生活而产生出的各个方面及支流，而且提出了一些建议，以致韩国教会能透过 本真的转化重新发现教会的本质， 成为真正被三一神呼召并差派的神的子民。

El concepto de una iglesia misionera se ha extendido cada vez más entre las iglesias protestantes coreanas y especialmente en aquellas profundamente preocupadas por la verdadera naturaleza de la iglesia y de la misión en medio de la situación crítica que enfrenta la iglesia coreana.

Este artículo desarrolla el tema de la doctrina de la Trinidad en relación al concepto de missio Dei. Al tratar sobre la conversión y la transformación de la iglesia, el autor explica la comprensión que tiene la iglesia coreana sobre iglesia y misión que tiende a reducir el concepto de salvación. En este sentido, la iglesia coreana necesita una conversión radical y una transformación al missio Dei. Este artículo menciona algunos factores clave del movimiento de la iglesia misionera coreana: la adoración auténtica, la comunidad y el discipulado. También explora varios aspectos y corrientes del movimiento de la iglesia misional en la Iglesia coreana, al participar en la vida de sus prójimos. Sugiere maneras en las que la iglesia coreana puede redescubrir la naturaleza de la iglesia a través de una conversión auténtica y una transformación para convertirse en el pueblo de Dios que son llamados y enviados al mundo por el trino Dios.

This article is in English.
Al-Jazari’s Water Clocks
Authors: Yassi Yousef
Published: March 2017

The water clocks of the 12th-century Islamic scientist Ismail Al-Jazari may be regarded as among the most outstanding engineering masterpieces in the history of science and technology in Persia. His other works testify to his remarkable ability in design methodology and in different aspects of mechanical engineering design and manufacture such as robotics, fluid mechanics, strength of materials, and statics. In this study in experimental archaeology two of his water clocks – namely the dragon clock and the peacock clock – were considered for the purposes of making working reconstructions. The historical background, design details, and a technical and comparative analysis of these inventions are presented here. Replicas were constructed in accordance with the indications provided in Al-Jazari’s A Compendium on the Theory and Practice of the Mechanical Arts and tests have shown that both clocks operated exactly as described in his book, and with an acceptable degree of precision.
Images of Transparency and Resurrection from Leonardo da Vinci to Crisóstomo Martínez
Authors: Cafagna Fabio
Published: March 2017

The essay aims to discuss the fortune of the well-known iconography of the “transparent body” by Leonardo da Vinci, clearly and first of all in the field of artistic anatomy. Some of the most illuminating evidence of this legacy can be found in the plates realized in Paris at the end of the 17th century by the mysterious Valencian engraver Crisóstomo Martínez. These incredible documents are strictly connected to the odd vogue of transparency that, in the same years, seems to affect also European literature, e.g. the pastoral novel Le Berger extravagant by Charles Sorel, the science fiction stories by Cyrano de Bergerac and the famous and “exemplar” tale El licenciado Vidriera by Miguel de Cervantes.
Vincenzo Vincenzi, “Geometer and Engineer to Cardinal Borja”
Authors: Gómez-Ferrer Mercedes , Gil Yolanda
Published: March 2017

This paper analyses the figure of Vincenzo Vincenzi on the basis of documents that place him in Valencia in 1635 as engineer and geometer to Cardinal Gaspar de Borja y Velasco. Vincenzi, who was born in the Urbino region, worked as a hydraulic engineer at the Villa d’Este in Tivoli. In Rome he made his name as the inventor of the wind gun and the mobile fountain, inventions that were disseminated through the works of Benedetto Castelli and, above all, those of Giovanni Faber who also served as an intermediary, recommending Vincenzi’s services to cardinals such as Emmanuele Pio di Savoia and taking it upon himself to find buyers for the wind gun. Vincenzi worked for the Bentivoglios on the bonifica del Gualtieri, and the Venetian Republic expressed its desire to purchase a number of his inventions, after which he travelled to Spain at the request of Borja in order to drain a salt marsh on the cardinal’s estates.
Concept and Context: Mercy in Criminal and Civil Law, Human Rights Law, Religious Law, and Divine Law
Authors: Shirt David
Published: March 2017

Written during the ‘Year of Mercy’ (2016) proclaimed by Pope Francis, this study examines the role of mercy from the perspective of law codes. State law, human rights law, and religious law can all be vehicles of mercy—though seeming to require that the recipient meets any necessary ‘deserving’ criteria. This study argues that divine law reaches beyond notions of innocence or repentance, and directs mankind to follow the example of divine love, in being ‘unconditionally’ concerned with the welfare of the ‘other’, and posits that mercy, when tempered in the interests of social cohesion, or shown for the sake of earthly or heavenly reward, whilst endorsed in a variety of religious texts, falls short of the ideal which Aquinas refers to as ‘the supreme virtue in man’.