bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Surgical Completeness in Patients with Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease
Authors: Levin Marc , Chan Yvonne , Sommer Doron D. , Thamboo Andrew , Lee John M.
Published: December 2023

Background

Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) in patients who have had sinus surgery remains a management challenge. Aspirin desensitization and biologics are additional treatment options. It remains unclear if patients require a more comprehensive surgery prior to implementing such additional therapies. The purpose of this study was to quantify prior surgery completeness in AERD patients at a tertiary rhinology practice.

Methods

Paranasal sinus CT scans were reviewed by four academic rhinologists to assess surgery completeness. Using a published CT grading system, each sinus was graded on the completeness of surgery and middle turbinate reduction. A score out of 14 was calculated for each patient (7 per side).

Results

Sixty-one patients with AERD out of 141 available were included. Mean inter-rater agreement across all sinuses was moderate (k = 0.42). The mean completeness score was 6.7/14. The following procedures were rated as complete (means): uncinectomy (L: 84%, R: 82%, k = 0.44), maxillary (L: 83%, R: 77%, k = 0.32), middle turbinate reduction (L: 45%, R: 46%, k = 0.31), anterior ethmoid (L: 35%, R: 39%, k = 0.51), sphenoid (L: 36%, R: 35%, k = 0.4), posterior ethmoid (L: 30%, R: 30%, k = 0.48), frontal (L: 22%, R: 21%, k = 0.46).

Conclusion

Prior surgery in AERD patients were mostly deemed incomplete. Uncinectomy and maxillary antrostomy are the most common procedures previously performed. It remains toe seen whether this would be considered ‘adequate’ surgery or more ‘complete’ surgery is required to achieve greater disease control.
Sphericity of lymph nodes using 3D-CT predicts metastasis in lung cancer patients
Authors: Sugai Kazuto , Sekine Yasuharu , Kawamura Tomoyuki , Yanagihara Takahiro , Saeki Yusuke , Kitazawa Shinsuke , Kobayashi Naohiro , Kikuchi Shinji , Goto Yukinobu , Ichimura Hideo , Sato Yukio
Published: December 2023

Background

The presence of mediastinal lymph node metastasis is important because it is related to the treatment and prognosis of lung cancer. Although prevalently used, evaluation of lymph nodes is not always reliable. We introduced sphericity as a criterion for evaluating morphologic differences between metastatic and nonmetastatic nodes.

Methods

We reviewed the cases of 66 patients with N2 disease and of 68 patients with N0-1 disease who underwent lobectomy with mediastinal dissection between January 2012 and December 2021. The sphericity of the dissected station lymph nodes, which represents how close the node is to being a true sphere, was evaluated along with the diameter and volume. Each parameter was obtained and evaluated for ability to predict metastasis.

Results

Metastatic lymph nodes had a larger short-axis diameter (average: 8.2 mm vs. 5.4 mm, p < 0.001) and sphericity (average: 0.72 vs. 0.60, p < 0.001) than those of nonmetastatic lymph nodes. Short-axis diameter ≥ 6 mm and sphericity ≥ 0.60 identified metastasis with 76.2% sensitivity and 70.2% specificity (AUC = 0.78, p < 0.001) and 92.1% sensitivity and 53.9% specificity (AUC = 0.78, p < 0.001), respectively. For lymph nodes with a short-axis diameter ≥ 5 mm, sphericity ≥ 0.60 identified metastasis with 84.1% sensitivity and 89.3% specificity.

Conclusion

By using 3D-CT analysis to examine sphericity, we showed that metastatic lymph nodes became spherical. Our method for predicting lymph node metastasis based on sphericity of lymph nodes with a short-axis diameter ≥ 5 mm could do so with higher sensitivity than the conventional method, and with acceptable specificity.
Characterizing deaths among adult patients with severe acute respiratory infection: during the pre- and COVID-19 pandemic periods in Bangladesh, 2018–2022
Authors: Hassan Md Zakiul , Islam Md. Ariful , Shoshi Homayra Rahman , Hossain Md. Kamal , Shirin Tahmina , Chowdhury Fahmida
Published: December 2023

Background

Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) is a leading cause of mortality globally, peaking during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed SARI-associated deaths during the pre-and-pandemic periods in Bangladesh to identify the contributing factors.

Methods

We analyzed data from hospital-based influenza surveillance at nine tertiary-level hospitals in Bangladesh. We considered March 2018–February 2020 as the pre-pandemic period and March 2020–February 2022 as the pandemic period and included adult (≥ 18 years) participants in our study. Surveillance physicians identified WHO-SARI case definition meeting inpatients and collected demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes at hospital discharge and 30 days post-discharge. We performed rRT-PCR for influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses on collected nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. We used multivariable Cox's regression models to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) for factors associated with SARI deaths in these adult patients.

Results

We enrolled 4392 SARI patients during the pre-pandemic and 3824 SARI patients during the pandemic period. Case fatality ratio was higher during the pandemic: 13.62% (521) [in-hospital: 6.45% (247); post-discharge: 7.17% (274)] compared to pre-pandemic, 6.01% (264) [in-hospital: 2.01% (89), post-discharge: 4% (175)] (p < 0.001). Pre-pandemic, influenza was detected in 14% (37/264) of SARI deaths. Influenza was detected during the pandemic in 2.3% (12/521), SARS-CoV-2 in 41.8% (218/521), and both viruses in only one SARI death. History of smoking and the presence of 1 or more co-morbid conditions independently attributed to SARI deaths in adults in the pre-pandemic period. SARI deaths in such patients were also associated with respiratory difficulties on admission in both pre-pandemic (aHR 2.36; 95% CI:1.65–3.36) and pandemic period (aHR 2.30; 95% CI: 1.57–3.35) after accounting for age, sex, smoking status, presence of 1 or more co-morbid conditions, and detection of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses.

Conclusions

During the pandemic, SARI mortality increased; influenza-associated mortality declined, and SARS-CoV-2 caused over a third of SARI deaths. Post-discharge mortality was higher than in-hospital mortality during both periods. Limiting premature discharge and strengthening post-discharge monitoring and nursing services could reduce unexpected deaths. Formative research to better understand post-discharge mortality is essential to reduce SARI deaths.
Phenetic and cladistic analyses of Boraginaceae Juss.
Authors: Abdel-Hameed Usama K. , Obaid Wael A. , Hassan Walaa A. , Al Shaye Najla A. , El-Ghany Salma S. Abd
Published: December 2023

Background

The systematics of family Boraginaceae draw attention of many botanists for many years. The current study's primary goals are to clarify phenetic and phylogenetic relationships within Boraginaceae according to morphology and molecular characteristics and to evaluate the morphological characters that can be applied in systematics of Boraginaceae.

Results

The macromorphological characters of 39 species, 2 subspecies and 5 varieties of wild boraginaceous plants were extracted and subjected to phenetic and principal component analysis that was performed for detecting the most important characters differentiating the studied taxa. The generated dendrogram is divided into five clear groups; Arnebia decumbens var. macrocalyx and Heliotropium curassavicum are the most distantly related species, while Echium angustifolium subsp. angustifolium and E. angustifolium subsp. sericeum are the most closely related species. The phylogenetic relations among the examined taxa were determined using DNA barcoding of the rbcl gene. The phylogenetic analysis generated a cladogram showing that among the studied taxa of Boraginaceae there is a bolster for three clear lineages with resolved relationships.

Conclusions

It is concluded that the chosen morphological characters were important in species delimitation, where more than half of the total morphological variations (67.94%) were explained by the first two principal components, indicating that the morphological characters showed high variability, which is useful for discrimination, and these characters, in addition to molecular characters, shared in drawing the phenetic and phylogenetic relationships within Boraginaceae that were considered not monophyletic groups. Boraginaceae contained some monophyletic genera such as Heliotropium and Alkanna, while the other studied taxa expressed a non-monophyletic relationships.
The Structure of the Pacinian Corpuscles Considered with Reference to the Homologies of the Several parts composing them
Authors: Schäfer Edward
Published: December 2023

Studied generally, a Pacinian corpuscle may be looked upon as consisting of three parts—the central fibre, the core, and the capsular enclosure. I propose in the first place to note down the result of observations upon the structural appearances presented by each of these parts, as ordinarily met with, without entering into the consideration of the variations which present themselves more than may seem necessary for the elucidation of the structure; and then to discuss briefly the homologies which the component parts of the Pacinian corpuscle severally bear to the parts which compose the entering nerve, at the same time indicating the manner in which the structures of the one appear to become continued into those of the other.
Some Account of Modern Researches into the Nature of Yeast
Authors: Bennett A. W.
Published: December 2023

The long-received hypothesis that yeast is genetically connected with various species of mould has been subjected to severe criticism by de Bary, 1 and still more recently by Reess,2 who have clearly shown that we have at present no sufficient reason for assuming a genetic connection between the two groups of organisms. Since his discovery of the occurrence of ascospores in beer-yeast, Reess has, on the contrary, endeavoured to establish the claim of ferment-fungi to be considered as organisms sui generis allied to Endomyces and Taphrina (Exoascus).
On the Pathology of Sheep-Pox.1
Authors: Klein Dr.
Published: December 2023

Variola Ovina, or sheep-pox, is a disease which, although it is not communicable to man, and possesses a specific contagium of its own, very closely resembles human smallpox, both as regards the development of the morbid process and the anatomical lesions which accompany it. This correspondence is so complete that it cannot be doubted that the pathogeny of the two diseases is the same. That is to say, that whatever explanation can be given of the way in which the material cause or contagium produces its effects in the one case will also serve as a key to the understanding of the other. The present investigation was therefore undertaken in the confidence that the application of the experimental method to the investigation of the ovine disease would not only yield results of value, as contributory to our knowledge of the infective process in general, but would throw special light on the pathology of smallpox.
On Nematode Hæmatozoa in the Dog
Authors: Lewis T. R.
Published: December 2023

When making a microscopical examination of some glandtissue from the mesentery of a pariah dog, I observed that the sanguineous fluid squeezed out of the preparation on the slide contained numerous minute nematode worms in a state of great activity, and presenting at first sight a marked resemblance, both as to the character of their movements and their size, to the hæmatozoa formerly described as existing in human blood. I had long been desirous of obtaining living specimens of a canine hæmatozoon for comparison with those found in man, though not with any very sanguine hope of thus pronouncing as to their identity, since it is well known that the embryos of many Filariœ of widely differing size and habitat present no appreciable difference either of size or form.
Predicting gene expression changes upon epigenomic drug treatment
Authors: Agrawal Piyush , Gopalan Vishaka , Hannenhalli Sridhar
Published: December 2023

Background Tumors are characterized by global changes in epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modifications that are functionally linked to tumor progression. Accordingly, several drugs targeting the epigenome have been proposed for cancer therapy, notably, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) such as vorinostat and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) such as zebularine. However, a fundamental challenge with such approaches is the lack of genomic specificity, i.e., the transcriptional changes at different genomic loci can be highly variable, thus making it difficult to predict the consequences on the global transcriptome and drug response. For instance, treatment with DNMTi may upregulate the expression of not only a tumor suppressor but also an oncogene, leading to unintended adverse effect. Methods Given the pre-treatment transcriptome and epigenomic profile of a sample, we assessed the extent of predictability of locus-specific changes in gene expression upon treatment with HDACi using machine learning. Results We found that in two cell lines (HCT116 treated with Largazole at eight doses and RH4 treated with Entinostat at 1µM) where the appropriate data (pre-treatment transcriptome and epigenome as well as post-treatment transcriptome) is available, our model distinguished the post-treatment up versus downregulated genes with high accuracy (up to ROC of 0.89). Furthermore, a model trained on one cell line is applicable to another cell line suggesting generalizability of the model. Conclusions Here we present a first assessment of the predictability of genome-wide transcriptomic changes upon treatment with HDACi. Lack of appropriate omics data from clinical trials of epigenetic drugs currently hampers the assessment of applicability of our approach in clinical setting.
OPTIMIZATION OF LOGISTICS PROVIDERS’ ACTIVITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF BUILDING NEW SUPPLY CHAINS
Authors: Sergeeva Tatiana G. , Zyatikova Lyudmila A.
Published: December 2023

Background. Currently, there is a process of redistribution of existing cargo flows, an active search for new alternative options for cargo delivery is underway, new logistics chains are being formed. In the rapidly changing conditions of the functioning of the country’s economy, the importance of road and rail transport is increasing. Road transport is the fastest–changing channel in the development of new transport chains. The importance of rail transport also remains very high, especially when transporting goods over long distances. Improving the efficiency of logistics companies in the construction of new transport corridors directly depends on the choice of the company’s business strategy and the development of the company as a whole. The purpose of the current study was to optimize the activities of logistics companies by determining the feasibility of developing its own fleet of rolling stock, warehouses and terminals of a logistics company.

Materials and methods. Methods of system analysis, comparison, systems theory, logistics, outsourcing, as well as the architecture of logistics systems with the participation of providers were used. The tools for evaluating the efficiency of logistics companies are presented, which allow us to draw conclusions about the required number of transport infrastructure facilities, about the choice of the type of transport necessary for the full development of a given cargo flow in new supply chains.

Results. The analysis of the method of minimizing the costs of logistics companies, using the method of comparative analysis, which takes into account the costs of maintaining transport infrastructure facilities, the costs of maintaining and servicing vehicles, the costs of organizing transportation, by searching for the break-even point of a logistics company.

Conclusion. A methodology has been developed for assessing the feasibility of involving a logistics provider in the implementation of transportation and transferring part of the work to it on outsourcing terms.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION IN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors: Smirnov Alexey K. , Pokrovskaya Oksana D. , Melikov Marat I.
Published: December 2023

Background. The work is devoted to the study of the possibility of automatic identification of vessels. Such systems, by exchanging data on the meta-position and parameters of the movement of carriers, have the ability to more accurately calculate the parameters of the approach and the location of the object, transmit the position of the vessel so that other vessels nearby know about its location.

Materials and methods. Materials from open Internet sources, simulation modeling, data analysis, systems theory, system approach were used.

Results. The main directions of application of automatic identification in maritime transport are presented. The analysis of the prospects of using this technology is carried out.

Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the effectiveness and relevance of using the system in real time using the “SEATRACKER” service is shown. The advantages and disadvantages of the main systems used in maritime navigation are considered.
THE USE OF AUGMENTED REALITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Kurganov Alexander A. , Gilvanov Rinat G. , Zyatikova Lyudmila A.
Published: December 2023

Background. The relevance of the research is determined by the tarnsformation in the modern educational process of the role of students’ attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control in the implementation of augmented reality applications for digital learning. The article is devoted to the study of the question: “How does conducting lectures through an extended application increase students’ confidence and affect their attitudes and subjective norms?”

Materials and methods. Computer graphics and 3D modeling methods, Vuforia tracking development tools, Unity application development tools, as well as methods of system analysis, comparison, systems theory, as well as materials from open sources on the Internet were used.

Results: The analysis of didactic tools and technology “augmented reality” when implemented in an innovative educational process using digital educational solutions.

Conclusion. The expediency of integrating innovative educational technologies using augmented reality into the educational process has been studied. A unique digital solution ready for operation is proposed: an information and training program based on the use of augmented reality technology.
APPLICATION OF LOGISTICS METHODS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION OF OVERSIZED CARGO
Authors: Konovalova Tatiana V. , Senin Ivan S. , Nadiryan Sofia L. , Kotenkova Irina N.
Published: December 2023

In this article, the authors consider the main technical and operational indicators of cargo transportation on the example of KLAAS LLC. The features of unimodal, intermodal and multimodal delivery technologies are analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages for specific conditions of cargo transportation are revealed.

Purpose: is to analyze the features of various cargo delivery schemes, to justify the choice of a scheme for specific conditions of transportation.

Method or methodology of the work: statistical analysis, synthesis were used in the article.

Results: the factors influencing the choice of cargo transportation scheme are determined, the features of various schemes and the possibility of combining them in the process of transportation are analyzed, taking into account specific conditions.

Scope of application of the results: research activity on the development of new approaches in the field of organization of transportation and transport services.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A ARTICULATED FRAME WITH A CAB TURN MECHANISM
Authors: Froltsov Nikita V. , Bykov Mikhail A. , Ponomarev Alexey I. , Sidorov Maksim V.
Published: December 2023

Tractors are technological energy means used for general mechanization and automation of agricultural production, as well as for the transportation of finished raw materials. Tractors of traction class 8 must have high productivity and efficiency, in order to achieve the best results, in the shortest agrotechnical time.

The need for the development of tractor designs of the 8th traction class is explained by current trends in the development of agriculture. The increase in the area of agricultural land sets manufacturers the task of increasing the speed of tillage, which entails an increase in the power and ergonomics of tractors.

The necessary traction and layout characteristics of energy-saturated tractors of traction class 8 allow the implementation of articulated frames. The main task of the design is the development of a articulated frame with a cab rotation mechanism that will be able to fulfill the requirements for modern tractors of the 8th traction class.

Purpose. Investigation of the forces of resistance to rotation of the articulated frame and the occurrence of a favorable moment for turning the cab using a model in the MATLAB Simulink environment.

Methodology. Methods of mathematical modeling and analysis were used in the article.

Results. The parameters showing the necessary forces for the rotation of the articulated frame and the occurrence of a favorable moment for turning the cab are obtained.

Practical implications. The results obtained can be applied in the design of a tractor on a articulated frame with a cab rotation mechanism.
Self-harm behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a high-risk group
Authors: Kingman Hillary R , Retzer Kyle C , Muñoz Ricardo F , Liu Nancy H , Barakat Suzanne , Leykin Yan
Published: December 2023

Aim of the study

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the mental health of most populations and communities. This study sought to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the likelihood of engaging in self-harm behaviors in a high-risk group.

Subject or material and methods

Participants (N = 659) were recruited to a multilingual depression/suicide screener. Counts of self-harm behaviors with intent to die, with ambivalent intent, and with no intent to die were examined in two time periods – mid-COVID-19 (March 15 to July 15 of 2021) and pre-COVID-19 (March 15 to July 15 periods of 2018-9).

Results

Regarding self-harm behaviors with the intent to die, pre-COVID-19, men were less likely to self-harm than women, whereas mid-COVID-19, the rates of these behaviors were similar for both genders and higher than pre-COVID-19. Regarding self-harm behaviors with ambivalent intent, a 3-way (cohort*gender*age group) interaction was noted, with younger men reporting fewer behaviors mid-COVID-19 compared to pre-COVID-19 and other men – more such behaviors; for women, these behaviors increased somewhat regardless of age group.

Discussion

The COVID-19 pandemic may have altered the pattern and likelihood of engaging in self-harm behaviors. The effect of COVID-19 on these behaviors may be different for men and women, depending on their age and the type of behavior.

Conclusions

Providers should be mindful of the potential of self-harming in the pandemic era, especially among those with existing risk factors.
Social cognition and attachment profiles of women with fibromyalgia syndrome: a case-control study
Authors: Ayhan Beycan Gozde , ayribas basar , Sanal-Toprak Canan , Cobek-Ünalan Pemra
Published: December 2023

Aim of the study

Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FM) is a chronic syndrome primarily characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain. Although its aetiology is not fully understood, complex interactions between biological, genetic and various psycho-sociological factors are thought to be effective in the onset and maintenance of FM.

Subject or material and methods

In this study, we aimed to examine social cognitive and attachment profiles of FM patients. Methods: 41 women with FM and 44 healthy women matched for education and age were included in the study. There was no significant difference in sociodemographic parameters between patient and control groups. The participants were recruited from a University Hospital in Istanbul. Sociodemographic data were questioned in both groups while FM group was also administered Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire to determine disease severity. In order to evaluate social cognition profiles of the participants, Reading Mind in the Eyes Test, Empathy Quotient and Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised were conducted.

Results

FM patients did not differ significantly from control subjects by means of Reading Mind in the Eyes Test and Empathy Quotient scores (p= 0.33). Although no significant difference found between groups in means of attachment anxiety (p= 0.92), Fibromyalgia patients were found to have more avoidant attachment style than control group (p= 0.01).

Discussion

FM patients may have no social cognition impairments, especially in lack of any psychiatric comorbidities. Moreover, these patients may suffer from avoidant type of insecure attachment and this attachment style may affect social support seeking behaviour of these patients.

Conclusions

Attachment based interventions may be important in the treatment of FM Syndrome
Attachment relationship and oxytocin among people addicted to alcohol – a literature review
Authors: Subocz Dawid
Published: December 2023

Objective: This paper is aimed at reviewing the literature on oxytocin and attachment relationship among people addicted to alcohol. The paper describes in a holistic way their possible interactions with bio-psycho-social risk factors for the development of addiction. It also indicates the possible practical use of oxytocin in addiction therapy.
Material and method: The literature review was made with the use of the following databases: PsycINFO, PubMed and Google Scholar. Each database was searched using the following keywords: ‘secure’, ‘disorganised’, ‘genetic’, and ‘therapy’. These keywords were combined with the terms “attachment style”, “oxytocin” and each time with “alcohol addiction”.
Results: The analysis of the literature confirms that people addicted to alcohol are more often characterised by relational problems than healthy people. The association of oxytocin with the attachment relationship is mediated by epigenetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors. Research also confirms that the use of oxytocin in addiction therapy brings positive effects for some patients.
Discussion and conclusions: The ability to build satisfactory interpersonal relationships is a protective factor against alcohol use. The article indicates the role that oxytocin plays in building interpersonal relationships and the possibility of its use in addiction therapy.
Linking disgust and misophonia: The role of mental contamination
Authors: Barahmand Usha
Published: December 2023

Aim of the study

In the current study, the authors sought to examine whether the link between moral and sexual disgust and misophonia is mediated by mental contamination.

Subject or material and methods

An internationally diverse sample of 283 adults (193 females, 76 males, and 14 non-binary individuals) ranging in age from 18 to 60 years old was recruited from online social media platforms and survey recruitment sites. The sample completed an online battery of scales that consisted of the New York Misophonia Scale, State Metal Contamination Scale, and the Three-Domain Disgust Scale. The hypotheses were evaluated using a series of mediations. performed using the PROCESS add-on in SPSS.

Results

Correlations were found between emotional and aggressive-avoidant reactions in misophonia, mental contamination, pathogen disgust, and sexual disgust. Moral disgust and non-aggressive reactions in misophonia failed to correlate significantly with any of the other constructs. Sexual disgust had direct and indirect effects while pathogen disgust had only direct effects on aspects of misophonia.

Discussion

These findings partially support our hypothesis that mental contamination mediates the link between disgust propensity and misophonia while also confirming that pathogen-based disgust is not associated with mental contamination.

Conclusions

Findings imply that misophonia is distinct from obsessive-compulsive disorder. Further research into the conceptualization of moral disgust is warranted.
La toma de decisión emocional afecta negativamente la eficacia de la primera ayuda psicológica
Authors: Cosentino Alejandro César , Azzara Sergio Héctor , Grinhauz Aldana Sol
Published: December 2023

El protocolo de primera ayuda psicológica según el modelo de las 4C (PAP-4C) establece acciones para asistir a las personas en el lugar e inmediatamente después de ser afectadas por un desastre. El presente trabajo se propone determinar las características psicológicas que están vinculadas a la tendencia a la eficacia en PAP-4C en individuos no profesionales y sin formación previa en desastres. Asimismo, se indaga en los efectos de la toma de decisión y del entrenamiento breve en PAP-4C que tiene sobre esa eficacia evaluada una semana después del entrenamiento. Se realizó un estudio explicativo con diseño factorial. Se contó con una muestra de 175 estudiantes universitarios de una academia militar. Se analizaron correlaciones y se realizó un ANCOVA factorial. Los resultados de los análisis mostraron una serie de variables psicológicas asociadas a la alta eficacia en PAP-4C. Por una parte, se hallaron asociaciones positivas con tenacidad, honestidad, apertura a la experiencia, jovialidad, agradabilidad, atracción afectiva hacia el otro, toma de la perspectiva del otro, estrategias de afrontamiento cognitivo dirigido a cambiar la situación, afrontamientos cognitivo y conductual motor dirigidos a reducir la emoción, y, por otra parte, asociaciones negativas con aversión afectiva hacia el otro y afrontamiento evitativo. Los resultados del ANCOVA factorial mostraron que la toma de decisión emocional provoca una menor eficacia en PAP-4C en comparación con la toma de decisión racional. Los de este estudio resultados permiten guiar una selección de personal sin formación previa para la asistencia en desastres.
Adaptación y validación al contexto argentino de la escala de Fear of Missing Out
Authors: Martin Rodrigo , Simkin Hugo
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo se propone examinar las propiedades psicométricas de la adaptación al contexto argentino de la escala de fear of missing out (FoMO, miedo a perderse algo) en una muestra compuesta por residentes del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (amba) (Argentina). La escala permite medir un único factor que establece el grado en que las personas se encuentran pendientes de las actividades ajenas en comparación con las propias. Del estudio participaron 416 personas con edades entre 18 y 66 años (M = 28.82) y de diferentes géneros (hombres = 25 %; mujeres = 75 %). Los análisis confirmatorios arrojaron valores superiores a 0.90 para los índices ifi, nnfi y cfi, y para el rmsea, valores inferiores a 0.08. La consistencia interna evaluada a partir de los estadísticos alfa ordinal y omega de McDonald fue aceptable (α = 0.77; ω = 0.99). La evidencia de validez externa de la escala demostró asociaciones significativas con la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg (rses), de manera consistente con estudios previos.
Test de Atención Infantil: análisis de las características psicométricas y valores de referencia preliminares
Authors: ISON MIRTA SUSANA , Arroyo María Jimena , Caligiore Gei María Gabriela
Published: December 2023

La atención es definida como un constructo multidimensional, encargado de regular sobre qué estímulos se dirigirán los recursos perceptivos, filtrando información irrelevante con el fin de favorecer la retención de información durante un período antes de actuar sobre ella. La evaluación computarizada de la atención ha ido cobrando relevancia tanto en la investigación como en las prácticas del quehacer profesional. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) analizar la consistencia interna y la validez concurrente del Test de Atención Infantil 6.0 (tai), versión computarizada; y 2) obtener los valores de referencia preliminares para cada subtest del tai. Los estudios de confiabilidad y validez del tai corresponden a una muestra de 122 escolares de Mendoza (Argentina). Al analizar la consistencia interna se obtuvieron valores satisfactorios para cada uno de los subtests (Test 1, kr 20 = 0.78; Test 2, kr 20 =0.74; Test 3, kr 20 = 0.73). Se obtuvieron valores satisfactorios al explorar la estabilidad del instrumento. Al analizar la validez concurrente, los resultados indicaron correlaciones positivas moderadas y significativas (p <0.01) entre el test Caras-R y los subtests 1 y 2 del tai, utilizado para evaluar desempeño atencional. Se observaron asociaciones positivas significativas (p <0.01) entre el subtest 3 del tai y el Test de Bloques de Corsi, usado para evaluar memoria de trabajo visoespacial. Estos resultados señalan que el tai, instrumento desarrollado para evaluar la atención y memoria de trabajo visuoespacial en escolares, presenta indicadores adecuados de validez y confiabilidad. Se discuten los hallazgos, limitaciones y futuras líneas
Means of simple sentence complication in Acts of the Zhytomyr citi government of 1590, 1635
Authors:   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Hrymashevych Halyna
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the complicating means of a simple sentence in the monument of the official business style of the northern Ukrainian areal Acts of the Zhytomyr Grodno government: 1590 (35 cases, which sporadically cover almost all months of the specified year) and 1635 (a significant number of lawsuits for January and February). Along with homogeneous clauses, which are the most used in the texts of court cases and have already been analyzed by the author in a joint publication earlier, separate clauses are quite often used (248 usages), which helped scribes to avoid cumbersome multi-component complex constructions, made it possible to clarify statements, highlight important elements of court cases. In particular, we note the circumstances of the mode of action, conditions, time, expressed by adverbial inflections that function in different positions in the, meaning, mainly in the form of adverbial inflections that stand in postposition to the marked noun, adverbs, which mostly explain the personal pronoun, noun a proper name, characterizing a person from the position of kinship and kinship, specifying the position of the person referred to in the court case, and also quite often naming the scribe himself. Sporadically in the note, separate appendages are recorded. At the same time we note inserted constructions (54 units) with the semantics of possibility, assumption, emotional evaluation of the message, logical orderliness of speech, conclusion, source of message. Taking into account the style of the monument, it is quite natural that the least used complicating tool is appeal (9 uses).
Vocabulary of the folk calendar as an object of linguistic studies
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Khibeba Nazar , Khibeba Nataliia ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: December 2023

The vocabulary of the national calendar as a representative of the spiritual and material culture of the ethnos is related to modeling the linguistic picture of the world, because it illustrates the connection between the formation and development of the lexical system of the language and traditional culture, reflecting the worldview and worldview of the speakers. The analysis of the state of study of ononymous (geortonyms, chrononyms) and appellative calendar-ceremonial vocabulary and phraseology in dialects illustrates the unevenness of its study, the superiority of linguistic works on the nomination of individual calendar holidays or their parts in dialects, the lack of materials from a number of dialect areas, and therefore the need to fill gaps in the dialect map. The choice of the study of this thematic group of vocabulary is motivated by the need to preserve those language units that are on the periphery of the dictionary of dialects due to the rapid leveling of calendar rituals. The result of further research will be the most comprehensive presentation of the calendar-ritual nomination ‒ holidays, dedications, rituals, participants, attributes, etc. ‒ in the consolidated dictionary of the language, in textography and linguogeography.
Phraseological means of expressing evaluation and understanding of memorization processes
Authors:   Kamianets-Podillskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University, Kovalenko Nataliia
Published: December 2023

The topicality of the chosen research topic, in particular, the need to analyze semantic series to indicate the processes of memory in general and memorization in particular, is connected with the need to study the possibilities of nomination of human mental activity and related emotions, actualized in the composition of phraseological units of modern Ukrainian literary and dialect language. In the article, with the help of semantic and psycholinguistic analyses, the possibilities of phraseological unit in the implementation of the understanding of human memory processes, their features by dialect speakers have characterized; in particular, the bases of figurativeness and metaphorical meaning of phraseological units for the following memory processes have been determined: «пам’ятати» (as a long-term process), «запам’ятати», «запам’ятовувати», «надовго запам’ятати», «дуже добре пам’ятати», «змусити запам’ятати», their territorial presentation. Phraseological dictionaries of Ukrainian idioms and published texts of connected dialect speech from various territories of Ukraine, as well as the author's records from the territory of Podillia and neighboring dialects served as a material for the research. In the analyzed expressions, the semantic center is the perception of the process of long-term memory as the actions of physical work (держати, тримати). The lexicographic and psycholinguistic reflection of a person's understanding of the fact that it is necessary to make considerable efforts to memorize, to strain brain activity, etc., was defined. Verbal communication confirms the speakers' idea of the place of storage of acquired information (long or short-term) is in the head, therefore both narratives and lexicographic works record phraseological units with the figurative concretizer голова. The components of the analyzed phraseological units of the semantic series are the nouns розум, тямка, сама, the verbs зарубати, вдовбати, вбити, запечатати, тримати, втовкти, etc.
The Ukrainian song discourse: modern symbols
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Klieshchova Oksana
Published: December 2023

The modern Ukrainian song discourse and its features and symbols are examined in the article; the main linguistic notions are highlighted: text, discourse, song text, song discourse. It was found that the notions of «text» and «discourse» are not identical, but have a common field of operation, which consists in the dynamics of the text. It is emphasized that discourse as a communicative process is closely connected with the cognitive sphere of the individual, society and culture in general. The meaning that is verbalized in a song is always subject to interpretation. Each song genre defines specific parameters and rules of communication, because in the process of interaction, certain ideas about the surrounding world, considerations, thoughts, impressions, desires are actualized. Lyrical songs unite communicators, reveal and manifest the internal connection between them. So, firstly, at present, songs about the war, about our modern history of victorious struggle for our national identity, constitute a significant percentage of the modern national song discourse as a completely independent linguistic and cultural substance. Song discourse on military themes is distinguished by a special communicative orientation, since its symbols and images are dedicated to the events of the Russian-Ukrainian aggression, in modern culture they form the space of Ukrainian national identity, they become the basis for the affirmation of general life values and meanings common to our entire generation. Secondly, the Ukrainian song currently holds the linguistic front, the song unites people. Thirdly: being Ukrainian today is a special mission in the world, a global trend.
Emotional mechanisms of modern publicistic texts
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of NAS of Ukraine, Kots Tetiana
Published: December 2023

The article examines emotional means of modern journalistic texts. The hypero-hyponymic connections of the terminological concepts of linguistic stylistics are revealed: emotionality, emotionality, expressiveness, evaluability. The basis of emotionality is the emotional evaluation of vocabulary, phraseological, stylistic, and syntactic units. The combination of logical and emotional evaluation enables a pragmatic evaluation of the text as a whole related to the communication situation, in particular linguistic acts of approval, affection or, on the contrary, condemnation, disdain, which are based on the common fund of knowledge and value orientations of the interlocutors. The degree of emotionality depends on the genre differentiation of journalistic style. Analytical genres contain reflections on events, problems, establishment of cause-and-effect relationships and testify to the formation of a journalistic dictionary that is constantly updated on the basis of general literary and special vocabulary with a distinct expressive socio-political color. Artistic and journalistic genres are traditionally oriented towards a universal vocabulary and interaction with figurative, emotional and evaluative means of artistic language. An expressive emotional and evaluative journalistic lexicon around key concepts in journalistic texts. The hidden emotional evaluation of journalism is determined primarily by the syntactic structure. Emotionality and its units of expression realize the main function of traditional mass media – influence on the mass consciousness of society.
Paternal influences on children's school readiness
Authors: Davies Angeline , Taylor Cathy
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, a societal shift in paternal parenting has influenced family health, wellbeing and child development, with modern fathers appearing to have greater caregiver responsibilities compared to previous generations. This article aims to explore the paternal influences of father–child relationships on school readiness. Ten studies were critically reviewed from the literature. The findings suggest that positive father–child play interactions influence child development. Warm, sensitive and supportive parenting was recognised to promote child development and facilitate school readiness. Health visitor practice was explored and it is concluded that effective public health approaches must be used to ensure father-inclusive practice so that children's school readiness can be facilitated.
Combined positron emission tomography and contrast enhanced CT (PET/CeCT) is a feasible single investigation in the staging of oesophagogastric cancers: single-centre pilot study experience during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jones M , Higgs S , Dwerryhouse S , Markos V , Mason K , Green C , Nawwar A , Searle J , Lyburn I
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Staging of oesophagogastric (OG) cancers usually involves endoscopy (OGD), and separate visits for contrast enhanced computed tomography (CeCT) and positron emission tomography (PET/CT). At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, some of our patients underwent single-visit combined staging with PET/CeCT. We compare this novel pathway with standard separate imaging in time to completion of staging, to start of treatment, and cost.

Methods

We identified all patients discussed at our OG multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting in 2020. Clinical records revealed dates of investigations and treatments. Data were tabulated in Excel, with statistical analysis in SPSS. All patients followed the same MDT process and image reviewing criteria. Costs were compared using prices supplied by finance departments.

Results

A total of 211 new patients were discussed at our MDT in 2020. Of these, 48 patients had combined PET/CeCT staging, and 68 had separate scans. Median time (interquartile range) in days from OGD to final imaging was 9 (6–23) for the combined group versus 21 (16–28) for the separate group (p≤0.001). Median time (days) from OGD to treatment start was 37 (29–52) for combined versus 55 (40–71) for separate (p≤0.001). No combined scans were of insufficient diagnostic quality for the MDT. PET/CeCT had a potential cost saving of £113 per patient.

Conclusions

PET/CeCT allows accurate radiological staging of OG cancers with a single scan. Patients completed staging and started treatment faster, with a potential saving of £10,509 in one year. PET/CeCT has become standard staging at our trust, and we aim to incorporate radiotherapy planning images too.
Operative and non-operative management for intestinal emergencies: findings from a single-centre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Darbyshire AR , Kostakis I , Meredith P , Kovacs C , Prytherch D , Briggs J , Toh SKC
Published: December 2023

Background

Patients with an intestinal emergency who do not have surgery are poorly characterised. This study used electronic healthcare records to provide a rapid insight into the number of patients admitted with an intestinal emergency and compare short-term outcomes for non-operative and operative management.

Methods

A single-centre retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary NHS hospital (from 1 December 2013 to 31 January 2020). Patients were identified using diagnosis codes for intestinal emergencies, based on the inclusion criteria for the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit. Relevant data were extracted from electronic healthcare records (n=3,997).

Results

Nearly half of patients admitted with an intestinal emergency received nonoperative management (43.7%). Of those who underwent surgery, 63.7% were started laparoscopically. The non-operative group had a shorter hospital stay (median: 5.4 days vs 8.2 days [started laparoscopically] or 16.8 days [started open]) and fewer unintended intensive care admissions than the surgical group (2.4% vs 8.7% [started laparoscopically] 21.1% [started open]). However, 30-day mortality for non-operative treatment was double that for surgery (22.4% vs 10.1%). The 30-day mortality rate was found to be even higher for non-operative management (50.3%) compared with surgery (19.5%) in a sub-analysis of patients with admission National Early Warning Score ≥4 (n=683).

Conclusion

The proportion of patients with intestinal emergencies who do not have surgery is greater than expected, and it appears that many respond well to non-operative treatment. However, 30-day mortality for non-operative management was high, and the low number of admissions to intensive care suggests that major invasive treatment was not appropriate for most in this group.
Gendered Hormonal Binaries and the Development of the Category of "Hormone-Dependent Cancers," 1940-1980
Authors: Surita Gina
Published: December 2023

summary: This article considers the establishment of the category of "hormone-dependent cancers," identified around the middle of the twentieth century as cancers sustained by particular hormones. A comparison of hormonal treatments for prostate cancer and those for breast cancer reveals that the genesis of "hormone-dependent cancer" as a biomedical category relied upon assumptions that cast androgens and estrogens as opposing ends of a gendered hormonal binary of health and disease. In the 1930s, cancer researchers claimed "female sex hormones" (estrogens) exacerbated breast cancer and "male sex hormones" (androgens) prevented it. In the early 1940s, Dr. Charles Huggins applied the opposite logic to the treatment of human prostate cancer, which he determined to be "hormone-dependent." As "hormone dependency" was also recognized in human breast cancer over the subsequent decades, estrogen claimed a prominent place in discussions of breast cancer's causation, diagnosis, and treatment. This close association between estrogen and breast cancer contributed to reinterpretations of both biomedical categories.