bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the stability of a predator-prey model including the memory effect, double Allee effect and Holling type-I functional response
Authors: K. Ramesh , Kumar G. Ranjith , Khan Aziz , Abdeljawad Thabet
Published: January 2025

This study proposes and analyses a revised predator-prey model that accounts for a twofold Allee impact on the rate of prey population expansion. Employing the Caputo fractional-order derivative, we account for memory impact on the suggested model. We proceed to examine the significant mathematical aspects of the suggested model, including the uniqueness, non-negativity, boundedness, and existence of solutions to the noninteger order system. Additionally, all potential equilibrium points for the strong and weak Allee effect are examined under Matignon’s condition, along with the current state of conditions and local stability analysis. Analytical results are also provided for the necessary circumstances for the Hopf bifurcation initiated by the fractional derivative order to occur. We also demonstrated the global asymptotic stability for the positive equilibrium point in both the strong and weak Allee effect cases by selecting an appropriate Lyapunov function. This study’s innovation is its comparative investigation of the stability of the strong and weak Allee effects. To conclude, numerical simulations validate the theoretical findings and provide a means to investigate the system’s more dynamical behaviours.
Optimizing Kernel Extreme Learning Machine based on a Enhanced Adaptive Whale Optimization Algorithm for classification task
Authors: Lin ZeSheng
Published: January 2025

Data classification is an important research direction in machine learning. In order to effectively handle extensive datasets, researchers have introduced diverse classification algorithms. Notably, Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (KELM), as a fast and effective classification method, has received widespread attention. However, traditional KELM algorithms have some problems when dealing with large-scale data, such as the need to adjust hyperparameters, poor interpretability, and low classification accuracy. To address these problems, this paper proposes an Enhanced Adaptive Whale Optimization Algorithm to optimize Kernel Extreme Learning Machine (EAWOA-KELM). Various methods were used to improve WOA. As a first step, a novel adaptive perturbation technique employing T-distribution is proposed to perturb the optimal position and avoid being trapped in a local maximum. Secondly, the WOA’s position update formula was modified by incorporating inertia weight ω and enhancing convergence factor α, thus improving its capability for local search. Furthermore, inspired by the grey wolf optimization algorithm, use 3 excellent particle surround strategies instead of the original random selecting particles. Finally, a novel Levy flight was implemented to promote the diversity of whale distribution. Results from experiments confirm that the enhanced WOA algorithm outperforms the standard WOA algorithm in terms of both fitness value and convergence speed. EAWOA demonstrates superior optimization accuracy compared to WOA across 21 test functions, with a notable edge on certain functions. The application of the upgraded WOA algorithm in KELM significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of data classification by optimizing hyperparameters. This paper selects 7 datasets for classification experiments. Compared with the KELM optimized by WOA, the EAWOA optimized KELM in this paper has a significant improvement in performance, with a 5%-6% lead on some datasets, indicating the effectiveness of EAWOA-KELM in classification tasks.
Magnitude of telemedicine utilization and associated factors among health professionals working at selected public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Fikrie Anteneh , Daniel Dawit , Ermiyas Samrawit , Hassen Hawa , Seyoum Wongelawit , Kebede Seyoum , Wako Wako Golicha
Published: January 2025

Background

Despite the immense potential of telemedicine, its implementation in Ethiopia and other developing nations has faced formidable challenges, leading to disappointingly low utilization rates. Therefore, this study sought to assess the magnitude and factors associated with telemedicine service practice among healthcare professionals in the pilot public hospitals of Sidama and Southern Nations Nationalities Peoples Regions.

Methods

Cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1–30, 2021 among randomly selected 407 health professionals working at Pilot Hospitals in Southern Ethiopia. A pretested and structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic, knowledge and attitude of Health Professionals towards telemedicine and health system-related data. Data were coded and entered using Epi-data version 4.6. and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with telemedicine utilization. A P-value<0.05 and Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) together with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to declare statistical significance. The data were presented by tables, text and figures and charts.

Results

The study found that 34.6% (95% CI: 30–39.6%), 54.1% (95% CI: 49.6–59.2%), and 26% (95% CI: 21.6–30.2%) of the respondents have good knowledge, a positive attitude, and practiced telemedicine service, respectively. Age ≥ 36 years (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.18–7.60), being a medical doctor (AOR = 3.91, 95% CI 1.15–13.25), having good knowledge (AOR = 2.75, 95% CI 1.54–4.89), presence of an information sharing culture (AOR = 3.95, 95% CI 1.16–13.45), presence of a practicing platform (AOR = 3.01, 95% CI 1.06–8.53), and presence of government commitment (AOR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.09–5.82) were found to be significantly associated with telemedicine service utilization.

Conclusion

Despite positive attitudes, the adoption of telemedicine among healthcare professionals in the study area remains limited. Factors such as age, profession, knowledge, and cultural factors influence its uptake. To promote wider adoption and address challenges, governments should: implement comprehensive guidelines, training programs, and platforms for healthcare professionals to effectively utilize telemedicine technologies can accelerate healthcare delivery in the study area.
Seizures elicited by transcorneal 6 Hz stimulation in developing rats
Authors: Mareš Pavel , Metcalf Cameron S. , Baloun Jiří , Kubová Hana
Published: January 2025

Seizures elicited by corneal 6-Hz stimulation are widely acknowledged as a model of temporal lobe seizures. Despite the intensive research in rodents, no studies hint at this model in developing animals. We focused on seven age groups of both male and female rats. Biphasic pulses with 0.3 ms duration and current intensities from 20 to 80 mA were applied transcorneally for 3 s to calculate threshold intensities for individual age groups. Threshold stimulation intensity necessary for elicitation of clonic seizures was highly age- and sex-dependent. The highest threshold was observed in the youngest (15-day-old) group then it decreased to the age of 25 days and increased again up to adulthood. The threshold current tended to be lower in females of all age groups. The incidence of convulsive seizures increased with stimulation intensity up to postnatal day 25 in either sex. In rats of 31 days old and older convulsions occurred irregularly regardless of the stimulation current and sex. For subsequent analysis, the animals were categorized into two groups: juveniles, aged 15 to 25 days, and adolescents/adults, aged 31 days and older. Our statistical analyses revealed an increased risk of convulsions after the stimulation with higher intensities in juvenile but not adolescent/adult rats. Females tended to be more sensitive to the stimulation with lower currents than males. Seizure severity was higher in females 18- to 25-day old compared to males of the same age and the seizure duration increased with stimulation intensities in juvenile but not adolescent/adult animals. The data extend the use of the rat 6 Hz model to immature animals and may be useful as a model of pediatric temporal lobe seizures.
Effectiveness of robot-assisted task-oriented training intervention for upper limb and daily living skills in stroke patients: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Chengzhu , Chen Yonghuan , Ma Yuanyuan
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Stroke is one of the leading causes of acquired disability in adults in high-income countries. This study aims to determine the intervention effects of robot-assisted task-oriented training on enhancing the upper limb function and daily living skills of stroke patients.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases through March 1, 2024. This process yielded 1,649 articles, from which 15 studies with 574 samples met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. We performed meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, regression analyses, and sensitivity analyses using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17.0. Furthermore, publication bias was assessed using Begg’s and Egger’s tests. This study is registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42024513483).

Results

A random effects model was utilized. The results indicated that robot-assisted task-oriented training significantly improved Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity scores compared to the control group [SMD = 1.01, 95% CI (0.57, 1.45)]. Similarly, robot-assisted task-oriented training demonstrated a significant effect on the Modified Barthel Index scores [SMD = 0.61, 95% CI (0.41, 0.82)]. Subgroup and regression analyses revealed that the use of combined interventions, the geographical region of the first author, and the age of the subjects did not appear to be sources of high heterogeneity. Publication bias tests using the FMA-UE as an outcome measure yielded Begg’s test (p = 0.76) and Egger’s test (p = 0.93), suggesting no significant publication bias. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the study findings.

Conclusions

Robot-assisted task-oriented training significantly enhances the rehabilitation of upper limb function and the recovery of daily living skills in stroke patients.
Hepatitis B virus hijacks MRE11–RAD50–NBS1 complex to form its minichromosome
Authors: Zhao Kaitao , Wang Jingjing , Wang Zichen , Wang Mengfei , Li Chen , Xu Zaichao , Zhan Qiong , Guo Fangteng , Cheng Xiaoming , Xia Yuchen
Published: January 2025

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can significantly increase the incidence of cirrhosis and liver cancer, and there is no curative treatment. The persistence of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is the major obstacle of antiviral treatments. cccDNA is formed through repairing viral partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) by varies host factors. However, the detailed mechanisms are not well characterized. To dissect the biogenesis of cccDNA, we took advantage of an in vitro rcDNA repair system to precipitate host factors interacting with rcDNA and identified co-precipitated proteins by mass spectrometry. Results revealed the MRE11–RAD50–NBS1 (MRN) complex as a potential factor. Transiently or stably knockdown of MRE11, RAD50 or NBS1 in hepatocytes before HBV infection significantly decreased viral markers, including cccDNA, while reconstitution reversed the effect. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay further validated the interaction of MRN complex and HBV DNA. However, MRN knockdown after HBV infection showed no effect on viral replication, which indicated that MRN complex inhibited the formation of cccDNA without affecting its stability or transcriptional activity. Interestingly, Mirin, a MRN complex inhibitor which can inhibit the exonuclease activity of MRE11 and MRN-dependent activation of ATM, but not ATM kinase inhibitor KU55933, could decrease cccDNA level. Likewise, the MRE11 endonuclease activity inhibitor PFM01 treatment decreased cccDNA. MRE11 nuclease assays indicated that rcDNA is a substrate of MRE11. Furthermore, the inhibition of ATR-CHK1 pathway, which is known to be involved in cccDNA formation, impaired the effect of MRN complex on cccDNA. Similarly, inhibition of MRE11 endonuclease activity mitigated the effect of ATR-CHK1 pathway on cccDNA. These findings indicate that MRN complex cooperates with ATR-CHK1 pathway to regulate the formation of HBV cccDNA. In summary, we identified host factors, specifically the MRN complex, regulating cccDNA formation during HBV infection. These findings provide insights into how HBV hijacks host enzymes to establish chronic infection and reveal new therapeutic opportunities.
Can Tibetan filmmakers speak more than ethnic identity? Re-imagining Tibetan New Wave beyond ethnicized reading
Authors: Wang Runjie
Published: January 2025

This article uses emerging discourses on the Tibetan New Wave as an opportunity to revisit the concept of shaoshu minzu dianying (ethnic minority cinema), a key term referring to Chinese films representing ethnic minority subjects. Nonetheless, by pointing out its porous and essentialist nature, the article cautions against what it terms an ‘ethnicized reading’ of Tibetan New Wave films. It is tempting to dwell on their authentic ventilation of Tibetan culture vis-à-vis old Tibetan films’ lack of it, and hence appreciate the artistic merit in this regard. Such reading is no less than treating ethnic minority filmmakers as the perpetual narrators of national allegories, burdening them with the necessary representation of ethnic experiences. Having problematized the ethnic minority cinema framework as exemplifying ethnicized reading, this article explains what is at stake when employing an ethnicized reading to study minority cultural productions and how the multifaceted motifs and genres of the Tibetan New Wave resist a totalizing ethnicized reading.
Modernization in the Gulf region as a means of legitimacy? An examination from normative perspectives of state studies
Authors: Alali Emad
Published: January 2025

For several years, the Arab Gulf states have been undergoing a period of social opening and economic modernization, which are referred to as ‘reforms’. Notably, however, these do not affect the political institutions. One particularly important observation is that the leaderships in the Gulf region are using this new modernization strategy to turn away from traditional sources of legitimacy. Most importantly, Islam is being relegated to the background. This article is dedicated to exploring the question of whether the tendency to modernization on the part of the Arab Gulf states embodies a kind of rationalization of the sociopolitical realm that introduces a new form of legitimacy for the state. The article postulates that this predominant focus on aspects of modernization can have a contrary effect and can even damage the legitimacy of the state in the Gulf region, as long as it does not consider the social values and refrains from introducing political reforms. The analysis is based on three theoretical approaches: those of Karl Mannheim, Hermann Heller and Jürgen Habermas.
VINCULUM. Privilege, Memory and Perpetuity: Entails and Entailment in Europe, ca. 1300-1800
Authors: Rosa Maria de Lurdes
Published: January 2025

Os textos que este livro reúne desenvolvem um dos fios condutores do projeto VINCULUM, concebido desde o início como um tema a desenvolver colaborativamente entre investigadores externos e membros da equipa: o estudo da presença de vinculação no espaço territorial europeu entre os séculos XIV e XVII/XVIII. O livro é composto por onze capítulos que tratam o tema da vinculação em diferentes áreas do continente: França, Itália, porção austríaca do Império Habsburgo, Hungria e Espanha. Coletivamente, o seu conteúdo produz um mapa preliminar da vinculação perpétua de propriedade e da sua transmissão tal como ocorreram um pouco por toda a Europa Ocidental entre o final da Idade Média e a Época Moderna, e contribui para situar o tema da vinculação historiográfica e teoricamente, proporcionando uma visão cronológica e geográfica alargada do problema.
Primary hypertriglyceridemia in children with familial chylomicronemia syndrome
Authors: Jumantan Dewi , Widowati Titis , Hidayati Irma Sri , Prawirohartono Endy P.
Published: January 2025

Hypertriglyceridemia can be caused by primary (genetic) or secondary etiology. One of the primary causes is hyperlipoproteinemia type I or known as familial chylomicronemia syndrome. Familial chylomicronemia syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease that occurs in 1-2 per 1,000,000 people, with specific characteristic signs, namely severe increment of fasting plasma triglyceride up to 100 times the normal value (about 1500-15,000 mg/dl) caused by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mutation.
Kniest dysplasia in girl aged 4 years: a case report
Authors: Sahoo Ipsita , Jena Nitish , Dash Mrutunjay , Bisoi Swarup
Published: January 2025

Kniest dysplasia is a rare chondrodysplasia characterized by distinct musculoskeletal and craniofacial abnormalities. Additional features like hearing loss and some ocular abnormalities can also be present.  We report a case of Kniest dysplasia from eastern India with a rare mutation confirmed by genetic testing. A 4-year-old girl presented with skeletal deformities with normal intelligence. On examination, she had dysmorphism, short stature, barrel-shaped chest, scoliosis, short limbs with enlarged joints, and dental problems. The skeletal survey showed platyspondyly, epiphyseal enlargement, and a hypoplastic femoral head with cloud-like calcification. Clinical suspicion of Kniest dysplasia was kept based on characteristic skeletal abnormalities and radiological findings. The diagnosis was confirmed by genetic analysis, which revealed a mutation in the COL2A1 gene (c.905C>T) on chromosome 12 exon 14.
Improvement of Sexed Sperm Quality of Bali Bulls by Adding Palmyra (Borassus flabellifer Linn.) Fruit Water to Citrate-Egg Yolk Extender
Authors: Hine Thomas Mata , Nalley Wilmientje Marlene , Marawali Aloysius , Kihe Johny Nada , Kune Petrus , Uly Kirenius
Published: January 2025

Sperm sexing is a technique designed to separate sperm carrying the X and Y chromosomes, which are then used for artificial insemination to generate offspring with the sex the breeder desires.  However, the sexing process causes a decrease in sperm quality caused by oxidative stress due to an excessive increase in free radicals.  Thus, to counteract the detrimental effects of free radicals on sperm life, antioxidants must be added to the diluent.  This study was designed by adding palmyra fruit water (PFw) to citrate-egg yolk (CEy) diluent.  This study aimed to evaluate the potency of PFw as a natural antioxidant supplement in CEy diluent to improve the quality of sexing sperm in Bali bulls.  Sperm were collected using the artificial vagina method from three Bali bulls aged 3-4 years.  Good quality sperm (motility ?70%, abnormality ?20%) were sexed with a three-layer albumin gradient method (5, 10, and 15 percent) for 20 minutes, and sperm that were on the bottom albumin layer were preserved in CEy, PFw, PFw-egg yolk (PFw-Ey), or CEy-PFw.  The results showed that sperm preservation in the CEy-PFw diluent resulted in higher sperm quality (P0.05) compared to the other three diluents, except for the sperm abnormality parameter (P0.05).  It was concluded that adding PFw into the CEy diluent could potentially improve the sexed sperm quality of Bali bulls.
Effect of Extension Program on Improving Farmers’ Knowledge in the Narrowing Coastal Area of Segara Anakan Lagoon, Indonesia
Authors: Sulastri Endang , Triatmojo Agung , A'yun Annisa' Qurrotun , Tatipikalawan Jomima Martha
Published: January 2025

Segara Anakan Lagoon sedimentation has caused many people in Kampung Laut to change their profession from fishery and start other profession to survive. Sheep farming became an alternative to generate the family income. The extension program is one of the efforts to adapt and improve farmers’ knowledge regarding sheep farming. This study aimed to analyze the effect of extension on improving the knowledge of farmers. The study instrument were used to measure the knowledge level of farmers was a questionnaire of pretest and post-test. Respondents were ramdomly sampled resulting in 215 farmers who participated in extension program. The differences of the farmers’ knowledge level before and after extension program implemented were analized using t-test. Multiple regression analysis were carried out to determine the effect of characteristics on farmers’ knowedge. Results showed that before the extension program was running no farmers had sufficient knowledge of forage preservation and scabies prevention. The trend indicated that the number of farmers with a high level of knowledge increased after the extension intervention. Improving knowledge on scabies prevention was higher than forage preservation (P?0.01). Farmers’ education and experience in sheep farming significantly influenced their knowledge on forage preservation (P?0.01 and P?0.05). This study also found that farmers’ age would affect their knowledge on scabies prevention (P?0.10). It can be concluded that farmers’ knowledge on forage preservation and scabies prevention improved after participating in the extension program.
Diversity of the Monoamine Oxidase A Gene in Beef Cattle
Authors: Siregar Nadira Andarini , Noor Ronny Rachman , Priyanto R , Ulum Mokhamad Fakhrul , Jakaria Jakaria
Published: January 2025

Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA)  is a gene that controls aggressive traits.  The MAOA gene plays a role in encoding the monoamine oxidase A enzyme, which plays a role in the catabolism of neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.  This study aims to identify the diversity of the MAOA SNP gene in beef cattle using sequencing methods.  This research used 127 cattle DNA samples to identify diversity, including Bali, Limousin, Wagyu, PO, Madura, and Wagyu-Bali (F1) cattle.  MAOA gene polymorphisms in the promoter and exon 1 were analyzed using sequencing methods.  Genotype frequencies, allele frequencies, heterozygosity values, and Hardy-Weinberg balance were calculated using the PopGen32 program.  The results showed that the MAOA gene in the promoter region has six SNPs, one of which is SNP g.385GA, while the MAOA gene in exon 1 is monomorphic.  The PCR-RFLP method was used to investigate the SNP g.385GA MAOA gene polymorphism using the RSaI restriction enzyme.  The MAOA gene was detected in 3 genotypes: GG, GA, and AA.  SNP g.385GA is polymorphic in Bali, PO, Madura, and Wagyu-Bali cross (F1) cattle while monomorphic in Limousin and Wagyu cattle.  Further studies are necessary to explore the functional implications of SNP g.385GA and their relationship to aggressive behaviors in cattle.
Animal Welfare Study in Sheep Transported with Methionine Hydroxy Analog and Dextrose Supplementation
Authors: Baihaqi Muhamad , Nuraini Henny , Jayanegara Anuraga , Manalu Wasmen
Published: January 2025

Livestock transportation adversely affects animal welfare and performance during subsequent production periods.  This research aimed to evaluate the effects of methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) and dextrose supplementations before transportation on the animal welfare status of sheep.  The study used 27 thin-tailed male sheep with an average body weight of 21,8±2,0 kg, 10-12 months of age, which were divided randomly into three treatments: sheep without transportation and additional supplement (K: Control); sheep transported without additional supplement (P1); sheep transported with additional supplement (P2: MHA 0.5 g/kg body weight and dextrose 0.5 g/kg body weight).  Sheep in groups P1 and P2 were transported for 8 hours using commercial vehicles usually used by local farmers.  The results showed that sheep in the P2 group had significantly lower body weight loss than those in the P1 group and faster recovery time (P0.05).  Sheep in the P2 group also demonstrated better post-transportation behavior than those in P1, with no significant difference from the control group.  The experimental sheep in the P2 group had a significantly lower N/L ratio than those in P1 and was comparable to the control group (P0.05).  The P2 group also has significantly lower cortisol hormone and blood glucose concentrations than P1, which indicates improved sheep welfare status in P2 and Control groups.  Therefore, it can be concluded that supplementation of MHA and dextrose before departure improves sheep's welfare status under transportation.
OSMANLI BASINI VE TANIKLARIN HATIRATLARINA GÖRE 31 MART VAKASI
Authors: Taş Yusuf , Yetişgin Memet
Published: January 2025

II. Meşrutiyet dönemin devlet ve toplumsal hayatında 31 Mart Vakası önemli yer tutar. Bu ayaklanmada Osmanlı basınının ve özelde ise tutucu gazetelerin rolü büyüktür. Kalemler adeta kılıca dönüşerek, kamuoyunu kutuplaştırmış ve gergin bir hava yaratmıştır. Gazetelerde kişilik haklarına saldırılar, sert atışmalar ve suçlamalar yaşanırken, Serbesti Başyazarı Hasan Fehmi de suikasta kurban gitmiştir. II. Meşrutiyet’in getirdiği özgürlük ortamında hızla yükselen ve siyasallaşan basının bu tutumu, dönemin en kötü namlı olaylarından 31 Mart Vakasının da sebeplerinden biri olmuştur. Bu çalışmada 31 Mart Vakası öncesi ve sonrasında Osmanlı basını irdelenmiş ve ayrıca dönemin tanıklarının hatıratlarına başvurulmuştur. Fırkaların sözcüsü olan gazeteler her ne kadar taraf olsalar da, yaşanan hadiseleri günlük yansıtması açısından dönemin önemli kitle iletişim araçları ve kaynaklardır. Aynı zaman da hatıratlar da döneme tanıklık eden kişilerin bir nevi müdafaası ve ithamlarını içeren ve bu maksatla kaleme alınmış eserlerdir. Bu bağlamda dönemin gazeteleri incelenerek, devlet adamları ve tanıkların hatıratlarıyla karşılaştırılmakta ve 31 Mart Vakası hakkında tahlillerde bulunulmaktadır.
İKİNCİ YABANCI DİL OLARAK ARAPÇA ÖĞRETİMİNDE KARŞILAŞILAN ZORLUKLAR
Authors: Samancı Hüseyin
Published: January 2025

Yabancı dil öğretimi özellikle bu alanda modern teknolojilerin kullanılmasıyla birlikte şekil ve içerik yönünden büyük gelişmelere tanık olmuştur. Bu da uluslararası standartlara uygun yeni, çağdaş öğretim sistemlerinin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Ayrıca bu gelişmeler, dilsel yeterliliğe ulaşmak için sunulan içerik ve öğrenme stratejilerini de olumlu etkilemiş ve beraberinde birçok yeni yaklaşımlar getirmiştir. Böylece, yabancı bir dil öğrenme konusunda öğrenen ve öğretenler açısından daha verimli olabilecek koşullar sağlamıştır. Arapça öğretimi de bu yeni gelişmelerle birlikte dil öğretim alanında kendine önemli bir yer edinmiştir. Arapça özellikle siyasi, ekonomik, dini ve kültürel nedenlerle ana dili Arapça olmayanlar için ikinci yabancı dil olarak büyük bir öneme sahip olmuştur. Bu yüzden hayatın her alanında yaşanan gelişmelerle birlikte modern yöntemlere bakılarak Arapça öğretimine yoğunlaşmak gerekli hale gelmiştir. Ancak her dilde olduğu gibi Arapça öğretiminde de bazı zorluklarla karşılaşmak mümkündür. Çünkü Arapça, dil özellikleri bakımından farklı bir yapı ve içeriğe sahip olma niteliği taşımaktadır. Diğer dillerle karşılaştırınca hem sesler hem de dilbilgisi kuralları önemli farklılıklar göstermektedir. Ancak bunlar, Arapçanın doğasında olan ve Arapça öğretiminde öğrenenler için belirleyici bir özellik taşıyan durumlardır.
Dialek Okinawa di Lanskap Linguistik Virtual dalam Website Pemerintahan Okinawa
Authors: Fierra Firhanna Del , Nurjaleka Lisda
Published: January 2025

The virtual linguistic landscape is a study that explore texts or visual information presented through digital media. This research investigates the representation and utilization of the Okinawan dialect within the virtual linguistic landscape of the Okinawan government website. Motivated by the increasing visibility and integration of the Okinawan dialect in digital spaces, this study seeks to examine the patterns of language use, the involved actors and the categorization of signs in this linguistic landscape. Data for the study were collected using observation and documentation techniques, primarily through screenshots of linguistic landscape signs displayed on the Okinawa government website. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach the study draws on the theoretical frameworks of Landry & Bourhis (1997) and Long (2010) to analyze written texts and images featuring the Okinawan dialect in the virtual linguistic landscape of government websites, including Okinawa Prefecture, Chatan Town, Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium, and Okinawa Shurijo Castle Park. The findings reveal 101 linguistic landscape signs incorporating the Okinawan dialect, comprising 43 distinct dialect terms, some of which appear on multiple signs. The Okinawan dialect predominantly appears in monolingual Japanese and bilingual Japanese-English signs, with the highest presence in commercial signs such as store names, menus, and souvenir product labels. Official signs, including public notices and nameplates, were mainly created by governmental authorities (top-down), while non-official signs, like advertisements and shop signs were produced by private entities (bottom-up). This study contributes to the field of linguistic landscape research by emphasizing the transformative impact of virtual spaces on regional dialect representation.
Ungkapan Imperatif Terhadap Penggambaran Tokoh pada Game Genshin Impact
Authors: Widyawati Nabila Ailsa
Published: January 2025

Genshin Impact is a game with a story and fighting theme, even so linguistic research with Genshin Impact as the source data is almost not found. When a character in Genshin Impact fights, the character utters an expression when launching a power that is divided into two with the names elemental skill and elemental burst. Researchers conducted this study to find out what types of imperative expressions are used by the characters in Genshin Impact and the relationship between these expressions and the portrayal of character characters. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of listening notes and documentation. The results show that the voice line characters in Genshin Impact use all types of Japanese imperative expressions, namely command expressions (meirei), prohibition expressions (kinshi), request expressions (irai) and invitation expressions (kanyuu). The relationship of imperative expressions to character portrayal shows that these expressions describe a lot of the story background and character identity.
Germline deletion of Rgs2 and/or Rgs5 in male mice does not exacerbate left ventricular remodeling induced by subchronic isoproterenol infusion
Authors: Dahlen Shelby , Mohanty Ipsita , Sun Bo , Nallapaneni Sanjana , Osei‐Owusu Patrick
Published: January 2025

Sympathoexcitation is a hallmark of heart failure, with sustained β‐adrenergic receptor (βAR)‐G protein signaling activation. βAR signaling is modulated by regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins. Previously, we reported that Gαi/o regulation by RGS2 or RGS5 is key to ventricular rhythm regulation, while the dual loss of both RGS proteins results in left ventricular (LV) dilatation and dysfunction. Here, we tested whether sustained βAR stimulation with isoproterenol (ISO, 30 mg/kg/day, 3 days) exacerbates LV remodeling in male mice with germline deletion of Rgs2 and/or Rgs5. Rgs2 KO and Rgs2/5 dbKO mice showed LV dilatation at baseline, which was unchanged by ISO. Rgs2 or Rgs5 deletion decreased Rgs1 expression, whereas Rgs5 deletion increased Rgs4 expression. ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis in Rgs2/5 dbKO mice without increasing cardiomyocyte size or LV dilation but increased expression of cardiac fetal gene Nppa, α‐actinin, and Ca2+‐/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II. Single Rgs2 and Rgs5 KO mice had markedly increased CD45+ cells, whereas tissue from Rgs5 KO mice showed increased CD68+ cells, as revealed by immunohistochemistry. The results together indicate that ventricular remodeling due to Rgs2 and/or Rgs5 deletion is associated with augmented myocardial immune cell presence but is not exacerbated by sustained βAR stimulation.
Behind the scenes of EQA – characteristics, capabilities, benefits and assets of external quality assessment (EQA)
Authors: Buchta Christoph , Marrington Rachel , De la Salle Barbara , Albarède Stéphanie , Badrick Tony , Berghäll Heidi , Bullock David , Coucke Wim , Delatour Vincent , Geilenkeuser Wolf-Jochen , Griesmacher Andrea , Henriksen Gitte M. , Huggett Jim F. , Luppa Peter B. , Pelanti Jonna , Pezzati Paola , Sandberg Sverre , Spannagl Michael , Thelen Marc , Restelli Veronica , Perrone Lucy A.
Published: January 2025

External quality assessment (EQA) cycles are the smallest complete units within EQA programs that laboratories can use to obtain external assessments of their performance. In each cycle, several samples are distributed to the laboratories registered for participation, and ideally, EQA programs not only cover the examination procedures but also the pre- and post-examination procedures. The properties and concentration range of measurands in individual samples are selected with regard to the intended challenge for the participants so that each sample fulfils its purpose. This aims to ensure the most significant possible information gain in every cycle using the lowest possible number of EQA samples and thus, under economically optimal conditions. Participants examine samples and the results are reported to the EQA provider, who compares them with the target values for individual measurands in every sample. The EQA provider assesses the laboratory performance, and finally communicates the assessment results to the participant. The participants evaluate the outcomes of the assessment of their examination results and can draw conclusions in the case of both failing and passing and, if necessary, define improvement measures. After completion, each cycle is evaluated by the provider so that limitations and weaknesses of the EQA program can be identified and appropriate measures taken, or to confirm its continued suitability and appropriateness.
EN ISO 15189 revision: EFLM Committee Accreditation and ISO/CEN standards (C: A/ISO) analysis and general remarks on the changes
Authors: Linko Solveig , Boursier Guilaine , Bernabeu-Andreu Francisco A. , Dzneladze Nana , Vanstapel Florent , Brguljan Pika Meško , Tosheska-Trajkovska Katerina , Mehay Hélène , Panteghini Mauro , Brugnoni Duilio , Milinkovic Neda , Lohmander Maria , Šprongl Luděk , Çubukçu Hikmet Can , Thelen Marc
Published: January 2025

The EN ISO 15189:2022 standard, titled “Medical laboratories – Requirements for quality and competence,” is a significant update to the regulations for medical laboratories. The revised standard was published on December 6, 2022, replacing both EN ISO 15189:2012 and EN ISO 22870:2016. Key objectives of the revision include: 1. Alignment with ISO/IEC 17025:2017, 2. Removal of unintended prescription, 3. Focus on patient interest and safety, 4. Minimization of new requirements, and 5. Improved clarity of text. Dedicating to harmonizing accreditation processes across Europe the EFLM Committee on Accreditation and ISO/CEN standards (C: A/ISO) has produced this guidance document to assist the laboratory medicine community in understanding and implementing the criteria of the EN ISO 15189 revision. Two main objectives of the guidance in educating both laboratories and accreditation bodies with their assessors as well as other stakeholders in laboratory medicine were agreed on. Firstly, to clarify the relevant changes covering all paragraphs of the standard and secondly to make an impact analysis on previous C: A/ISO guidance documents.
Students’ Perceptions of PBL Usefulness
Authors: Babo Lurdes , Mendonça Jorge , Pinto Carla
Published: January 2025

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a teaching technique in which students’ learning is conveyed using real-world problems. However, the implementation of PBL is confronted with several challenges, namely the involvement of students, the definition of the teacher’s role, and the development of effective assessment mechanisms. This paper describes and analyses a teaching framework based on PBL followed in the Differential and Integral Calculus and Statistical Models courses in a Biomedical Engineering Bachelor, at the School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto. In order to assess students’ points of view about the effectiveness of this PBL approach with regard to knowledge acquisition, development of soft skills, and assessment methods, a questionnaire was administered at the terminus of the semester. Data analysis revealed that newcomers are more likely to use PBL, while second-year students feel more pressure and report more workload with this type of assessment. In this regard, we consider that factors such as maturity, education level, workload in other courses, and prior PBL experience may influence students’ willingness to adhere to PBL.
Multifunctional characterisation of pressureless sintered Al2O3 –CaTiO3 nanocomposite
Authors: Randhari July , Mallik Prafulla Kumar , Senapati Sukant Kumar
Published: January 2025

This paper highlights the synthesis and processing of alumina−calcium titanate (Al2O3–CaTiO3) composite for multifunctional application in the biomedical industry. In this work, the Al2O3–CaTiO3 composite was synthesized using sol-gel techniques. Calcium oxide, aluminum isopropoxide, titanium isopropoxide, ethanol, and nitric acid were used as precursor chemicals, solvents, stabilizers, and catalysis, respectively. The powder was calcined at a temperature of 800 °C for 1 h. The densification and sintering behavior of uniaxially pressed calcined powder was carried out using a pressureless sintering electric furnace at a temperature of 1,400 °C for 2 h. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis were used to determine the phases and morphology of powders and sintered nano-composite. The impedance analysis was used to investigate the electrical properties of the sintered composite. As a result, the phases and morphology of Al2O3 and CaTiO3 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. Impedance analysis indicates the increasing dielectric constant and AC conductivity of the sintered sample with the function of temperature and frequency. Finally, it can be concluded that the biocompatibility of both phases could potentially be fabricated and used in biomedical industries as a functional biomaterials application.
Investigative optimization of nonlinear ion-ion interactions in thulium–erbium doped cascaded fiber amplifier for S + C band
Authors: Sarma Krishna , Khan Mohd Mansoor
Published: January 2025

A combination of a thulium-doped fiber amplifier (TDFA) and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in a sequential configuration has been identified to design a hybrid amplifier. The proposed amplifier module delivers a flat and high gain. This method is potentially an effective strategy to fully utilize the S + C band (1,460 nm–1,565 nm) for amplifying fiber optic signals. The proposed TDF-EDF hybrid amplifier has an optimum average flat-band gain of 24.27 dB from 1,460 nm to 1,516 nm with a maximum gain of 47.07 dB at 1,528 nm. The parametric optimization has been performed considering the optical pumping configuration with corresponding power, input-signal power, amplifier length, ion density with its radius, and the hybrid amplifier’s numerical aperture (NA). The nonlinear clustering-ion effects known as the ion-ion interaction mechanism (IM) have been aimed to distort the signal gain with broadband flat-gain profile minimally. Apparently, the optimized parameter reduced the gain deterioration by the IM effect to 1.12 % with homogeneous up-conversion (HUC) and 8.14 % with the combined effect of HUC and pair-induced quenching (PIQ) corresponding to the maximum gain. In the flat-band region, the HUC and HUC + PIQ combination have the respective gain deteriorating contributions of 0.67 % and 5.24 %. For the input signal power of −40 dBm, the gain flatness of the hybrid amplifier is obtained as 3.27 dB for 1,460 nm–1,516 nm regions without IM effects. However, with HUC and HUC + PIQ, gain flatness has been reduced to 3.08 dB and 2.19 dB, respectively. Furthermore, the gain variation ratio (GVR) of 0.05 (preferably GVR

<

${< }$

0.4) is obtained from 1,472 nm to 1,504 nm wavelength region indicating a flatter gain response.
Organizations and Economic Inequality
Authors: Haveman Heather A.
Published: January 2025

Economic inequality has been rising for a half-century in most countries, in some cases to levels not seen since the eighteenth century. It has severe negative consequences for many aspects of social life: interpersonal trust, status competition, happiness, participation in civic and political life, crime and corruption, and health. It is shaped by the actions of organizations because they are the most powerful forces in modern societies: ubiquitous, often quite large and well-resourced, and highly institutionalized. While there is a large literature on the impact of organizations on inequality within organizations, that work mostly focuses on demographic categories like gender and race. Far less has been done to study how organizations shape economic inequality at the societal or global level. Here, I discuss three ways organizations that shape economic inequality: as employers, as policy-setters, and as buyers/sellers. I review the scant organizational literature on societal and global inequality, and offer several suggestions for future research on this critical topic.
The minimum matching energy of unicyclic graphs with fixed number of vertices of degree two
Authors: Bai Yongqiang , Ma Hongping , Zhang Xia
Published: January 2025

The number of

j

j

-matchings in a graph

H

H

is denote by

m

(

H
,
j

)

m\left(H,j)

. If for two graphs

H

1

{H}_{1}

and

H

2

{H}_{2}

,

m

(

H

1

,
j

)

≥
m

(

H

2

,
j

)

m\left({H}_{1},j)\ge m\left({H}_{2},j)

for all

j

j

, then we write

H

1

≽

H

2

{H}_{1}\succcurlyeq {H}_{2}

. If

H

1

≽

H

2

{H}_{1}\succcurlyeq {H}_{2}

, and

m

(

H

1

,
i

)

>
m

(

H

2

,
i

)

m\left({H}_{1},i)\gt m\left({H}_{2},i)

for some

i

i

, then we write

H

1

≻

H

2

{H}_{1}\hspace{0.33em}\succ \hspace{0.33em}{H}_{2}

. In this article, by utilizing several new graph transformations, we determine the least element with respect to the quasi-order

≽

\succcurlyeq

among all unicyclic graphs with fixed order and number of vertices of degree two. As consequences, we characterize the graphs with minimum matching energy and with minimum Hosoya index in the set of all unicyclic graphs with fixed order and number of vertices of degree two.
A novel intelligent photonic design method enabled by metamaterials and k-nearest neighbor
Authors: Fan Hangming , Pan Junlin , Wang Yongchen , Yuan Zhe , Cheng Mengfan , Yang Qi , Liu Deming , Deng Lei
Published: January 2025

The utilization of metamaterials plays a pivotal role in integrated photonics. The precise design of metamaterials enables them to finely manipulate light, resulting in an ultra-compact footprint and exceptional performance that cannot be achieved by traditional structures. The conventional methods for metamaterial design, however, encounter challenges from intricate targets. Although attempts have been made to apply inverse design to metamaterials, there is still a need for a highly intelligent, low-computation method, and easy-to-fabricate metamaterial structure. Here, we present an efficient methodology that combines metamaterials, heuristic algorithms, and machine learning to facilitate the rapid development of intricate devices. The method is used to design 1 × N power splitters with arbitrary power ratios, as an application example. Specifically, 1 × 2, 1 × 3, 1 × 4 power splitters with arbitrary ratios are fabricated and experimentally demonstrated. The application of this method in arbitrary power splitter highlights its appropriateness for the design and optimization within integrated photonics devices.
Gesture-controlled reconfigurable metasurface system based on surface electromyography for real-time electromagnetic wave manipulation
Authors: Chen Junzai , Li Weiran , Gong Kailuo , Lu Xiaojie , Tong Mei Song , Wang Xiaoyi , Yang Guo-Min
Published: January 2025

Gesture recognition plays a significant role in human-machine interaction (HMI) system. This paper proposes a gesture-controlled reconfigurable metasurface system based on surface electromyography (sEMG) for real-time beam deflection and polarization conversion. By recognizing the sEMG signals of user gestures through a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) model, the system dynamically modulates the metasurface, enabling precise control of the deflection direction and polarization state of electromagnetic waves. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves high-precision electromagnetic wave manipulation, in response to different gestures. This system has significant potential applications in intelligent device control, virtual reality systems, and wireless communication technology, and is expected to contribute to the advancement and innovation of HMI technology by integration of more advanced metasurfaces and sEMG processing technologies.
An analysis of consumer behavior regarding green product purchases in Semarang, Indonesia: The use of SEM-PLS and the AIDA model
Authors: Tampubolon Nobel K. T. , Roessali Wiludjeng , Santoso Siswanto I.
Published: January 2025

Background

Semarang, the capital of Central Java, is one of Indonesia’s top trash producers and requires more sustainable and effective waste management. Even though environmentally friendly items have been introduced, plastic use in the city remains high, making it vital to examine human behavior in the AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) process to identify what influences the purchase of environmentally friendly products.

Aims

This study uses the AIDA approach customized with SEM-PLS to investigate consumer behavior toward environmentally friendly items in Semarang and identify purchasing decision determinants.

Research method

A purposive sample of 168 respondents from five Semarang sub-districts was interviewed online and offline for this structural equation model investigation. This quantitative and qualitative technique analyzes, interprets, and reports data using PLS 4 SEM.

Results and conclusion

Advertising, the AIDA Model, and environmental awareness affect buying. Consumer innovation boosts advertising and purchase but needs to be more awareness. Plastic waste in Semarang City is being reduced, but consumer innovation is needed to preserve the relationship between environmental awareness and purchase.

Contribution

In Semarang, plastic waste reduction has improved, but consumer innovation can lessen the relationship between awareness and green product purchases. These findings highlight the complicated relationship between consumer behavior and innovation, helping policymakers and industry actors design better green product procurement strategies to reduce waste.