bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grand Rounds: A Method for Improving Student Learning and Client Care Continuity in a Student-Run Physical Therapy Pro Bono Clinic.
Authors: Black Jill D , Bauer Kyle , Spano Georgia , Voelkel Sarah , Palombaro Kerstin
Published: August 2017

Background and Purpose. Grand Rounds is a teaching methodology that has existed in various forms in medical education for centuries. When a student-run pro bono clinic identified a growing challenge of providing continuity of care for clients and a lack of preparedness in students, they implemented a Grand Rounds model of case presentation within the curriculum.  The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation and assessment of Grand Rounds as it attempts to improve both the continuity of care for the clients and the learning experience for the students involved in a student-run pro bono clinic.Case Description and Evaluation. The Student Board divided the student physical therapists and the clients into three teams. Each team of students would meet every three weeks to discuss the clients on their caseload. More advanced students helped to mentor the more novice students and a faculty member would facilitate the discussions.  Outcomes. After eight months of implementation, the Student Board gathered evaluative data from students, supervisors and client. The program evaluation was approved by the xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx. Analysis of the data collected revealed that the students grew more confident and effective in their ability to implement and advance the physical therapy program. Discussion and Conclusion.  The program evaluation confirmed that the implementation of teams and Grand Rounds positively impacted students' confidence and ability to collaboratively treat and advance clients and their physical therapy program in the student-run pro bono clinic.  The program evaluation was not effective in thoroughly assessing the impact that the model had on clients and their recovery. Further evaluation should be conducted with client outcomes measures. Recommendations for the modification and improvement of Grand Rounds emerged.
Technik zur Unterstützung von Citizen Science und Open Science
Authors: Weber Karsten , Kleine Nadine , Pallas Frank , Ulbricht Max-R.
Published: August 2017

Wenn BürgerInnen aktiv am Datengewinnungsprozess als zentralem Baustein empirisch ausgerichteter wissenschaftlicher Projekte teilhaben, kann dies als Beitrag zu einer offenen und bürgernahen Wissenschaft angesehen werden. Eine solche Teilhabe kann durch die Bereitstellung von technischen Werkzeugen erheblich erleichtert werden. Daher sollen Participatory Sensing als Bereitstellung von günstigen Sensoren zur Messung von Umweltparametern sowie Wearable Technologies zur Aufnahme von quantifizierten Vitaldaten und physiologischen Zuständen vorgestellt werden. Konzeptionell kann die Bereitstellung von Daten, die mit diesen Werkzeugen erhoben wurden, als Allmende verstanden werden – mit allen damit verbundenen Chancen und Risiken. Nach der Beschreibung von Beispielen aus den Bereichen von Participatory Sensing und Wearable Technologies werden zu erwartende Herausforderungen identifiziert und technisch-organisatorische Ansätze zu deren Lösung skizziert.
Technikfolgenabschätzung soziotechnischer Zukünfte
Authors: Lösch Andreas
Published: August 2017

In Technikvisionen, Entwicklungsleitbildern und Zukunftsszenarien drücken sich Vorstellungen weitreichender „soziotechnischer Zukünfte“ aus, die vorgestellte Technikentwicklungen in Relation zu gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen stellen. Die Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA) stellen sie vor besondere analytische Herausforderungen, die nicht nur die Bewertung der Bedeutungen und Wirkungen dieser Zukunftsvorstellungen in Innovationsprozessen, sondern ebenso die eigene wissenspolitische Positionierung der TA betreffen. Ausgehend von den Forderungen des Diskussionspapiers „Technikfolgenabschätzung von soziotechnischen Zukünften“ zur Selbstverortung der TA wird ein Vorschlag gemacht, wie das Vision Assessment der TA seine eigene Rolle reflektieren kann, indem es seine Befassung mit soziotechnischen Zukünften in Forschung, Beratungen und Gestaltung als sozio-epistemische Praktiken begreift und sich wissenspolitisch ausrichtet.
Datenschutz-Folgenabschätzung
Authors: Friedewald Michael
Published: August 2017

Mit der europäischen Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) besteht zum ersten Mal eine gesetzliche Verpflichtung für die Betreiber von Datenverarbeitung, in bestimmten Fällen eine Datenschutz-Folgenabschätzung (DSFA) durchzuführen. In diesem Beitrag wird erläutert, welche Anforderungen die DSGVO stellt und wie diese in einem modellhaften Prozess realisiert werden können. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf Elementen, die nach Erfahrung aus der TA‑Tradition problematisch sein bzw. wie diese adressiert werden können.
On Criticalp-Laplacian Systems
Authors: Guo Zhenyu , Perera Kanishka , Zou Wenming
Published: August 2017

We consider the criticalp-Laplacian system

{-Δp⁢u-λ⁢ap⁢|u|a-2⁢u⁢|v|b=μ1⁢|u|p∗-2⁢u+α⁢γp∗⁢|u|α-2⁢u⁢|v|β,x∈Ω,-Δp⁢v-λ⁢bp⁢|u|a⁢|v|b-2⁢v=μ2⁢|v|p∗-2⁢v+β⁢γp∗⁢|u|α⁢|v|β-2⁢v,x∈Ω,u,v⁢ in ⁢D01,p⁢(Ω),\left\{\begin{aligned} &\displaystyle{-}\Delta_{p}u-\frac{\lambda a}{p}\lvert u% \rvert^{a-2}u\lvert v\rvert^{b}=\mu_{1}\lvert u\rvert^{p^{\ast}-2}u+\frac{% \alpha\gamma}{p^{\ast}}\lvert u\rvert^{\alpha-2}u\lvert v\rvert^{\beta},&&% \displaystyle x\in\Omega,\\ &\displaystyle{-}\Delta_{p}v-\frac{\lambda b}{p}\lvert u\rvert^{a}\lvert v% \rvert^{b-2}v=\mu_{2}\lvert v\rvert^{p^{\ast}-2}v+\frac{\beta\gamma}{p^{\ast}}% \lvert u\rvert^{\alpha}\lvert v\rvert^{\beta-2}v,&&\displaystyle x\in\Omega,\\ &\displaystyle u,v\text{ in }D_{0}^{1,p}(\Omega),\end{aligned}\right.

whereΔp⁢u:=div⁡(|∇⁡u|p-2⁢∇⁡u){\Delta_{p}u:=\operatorname{div}(\lvert\nabla u\rvert^{p-2}\nabla u)}is thep-Laplacian operator defined on

D1,p⁢(ℝN):={u∈Lp∗⁢(ℝN):|∇⁡u|∈Lp⁢(ℝN)},D^{1,p}(\mathbb{R}^{N}):=\bigl{\{}u\in L^{p^{\ast}}(\mathbb{R}^{N}):\lvert% \nabla u\rvert\in L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{N})\bigr{\}},

endowed with the norm∥u∥D1,p:=(∫ℝN|∇⁡u|p⁢𝑑x)1p{{\lVert u\rVert_{D^{1,p}}:=(\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}\lvert\nabla u\rvert^{p}\,dx% )^{\frac{1}{p}}}},N≥3{N\geq 3},1
1{a,b,\alpha,\beta>1}satisfya+b=p{a+b=p},α+β=p∗:=N⁢pN-p{\alpha+\beta=p^{\ast}:=\frac{Np}{N-p}}, the critical Sobolev exponent, Ω isℝN{\mathbb{R}^{N}}or a bounded domain inℝN{\mathbb{R}^{N}}andD01,p⁢(Ω){D_{0}^{1,p}(\Omega)}is the closure ofC0∞⁢(Ω){C_{0}^{\infty}(\Omega)}inD1,p⁢(ℝN){D^{1,p}(\mathbb{R}^{N})}. Under suitable assumptions, we establish the existence and nonexistence of a positive least energy solution of this system. We also consider the existence and multiplicity of the nontrivial nonnegative solutions.
Disseminated genital herpes and mode of delivery
Authors: Odak Zdravko , Roje Damir , Vulić Marko
Published: August 2017

Genital herpes in pregnancy is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Maternal primary infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) prior to labor usually does not affect the fetus (1/200,000 deliveries) The greatest risk associated with intrapartum HSV exposure is neonatal herpes infection. Neonatal risk occurs in the case of a primary or reccurent HSV infection. The risk of neonatal HSV infection in case of non-genital herpes is low. The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends elective cesarean delivery for women with demonstrable genital herpes or prodromal symptoms in labor.
Economic Freedom and the Informal Economy
Authors: Sweidan Osama
Published: August 2017

This paper empirically investigates the effect of economic freedom on the informal economies in a sample of 112 countries over the period 2000–2007. We employ two methodologies: fixed effect and the GMM models. We find a statistically significant negative relationship between economic freedom and the informal economy. This conclusion indicates that the nature of the economic system plays an important role in seizing the informal economy. Further, our results demonstrate that the formal and informal economies are substitutes. The policy implication is that economies with high share of informal economy should work with fewer economic restrictions.
Empirical Evidence on the Impact of Multilateral Trade Liberalization on Domestic Trade Policy
Authors: Gnangnon Sèna Kimm
Published: August 2017

During recent years, the world has faced a growing anti-trade rhetoric, which has been translating in a strong appeal of domestic trade protectionist measures, situation that has been undermining trade multilateralization. The current paper examines the extent to which multilateral trade liberalization affects domestic trade policy liberalization. The analysis uses a panel dataset comprising 166 countries over the period 1995–2014. It suggests evidence that multilateral trade liberalization is strongly conducive to domestic trade policy liberalization. Moreover, as countries further develop, they experience a greater impact of multilateral trade liberalization on domestic trade policy liberalization. The take-home message of this analysis is that domestic protectionist trade policy measures would likely undermine the multilateralization of trade and prompt trading partners to react in the same way. This would ultimately result in trade wars, which would be damage for domestic economies and the world’s economic performance.
Genetic survey of alveolar and cystic echinococcoses in Romania: first molecular evidence of Echinococcus multilocularis in humans in the country
Authors: Šnábel V. , Calma C. , Georgescu S. O. , Cavallero S. , D’Amelio S. , Vasilková Z. , Ito A.
Published: August 2017

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are considered as one of the most important zoonotic diseases in Romania, where they are subject to mandatory reporting. To obtain more knowledge about the genetic diversity of Echinococcus causative agents of these diseases, 11 isolates from humans and ungulate intermediate hosts from the two regions of Romania were genotyped using mitochondrial markers. In clinical samples of five patients from north-eastern Romania (Iasi, Botosani, Vaslui counties), Echinococcus multilocularis was identified as causal agent by cox1 sequence analysis. To the best of our knowledge this finding presents the first molecular evidence of E. multilocularis in humans from Romania. Only two cases of AE in patients were previously documented in the country by serological methods. In our four patients the most widespread European variant E5 of E. multilocularis was recorded, whereas in isolate from Vaslui county three nucleotide substitutions were detected as compared to the most related E5 haplotype. One of these mutations (411T/G) matched N1 and N2 haplotypes described previously from North America. In six CE samples retrieved from western Romania (Caras-Severin and Timis counties), two human isolates were diagnosed as Echinococcus canadensis G7, one as E. granulosus s.s. G1 and one as E. granulosus s.s. G3 using atp6 and rrnS sequencing. In ungulates, the cattle isolate was allocated to E. granulosus s.s. G1 and pig isolate to E. canadensis G7. The two G7 findings in humans reinforced the recent view that G7 was underestimated as compared to the E. granulosus s.s. regarding human CE threat that can be further employed for identifying sources of infections and establishing suitable preventive measures.
Segregated settlements present an increased risk for the parasite infections spread in Northeastern Slovakia
Authors: Pipiková J. , Papajová I. , Šoltys J. , Schusterová I. , Kočišová D. , Toháthyová A.
Published: August 2017

The occurrence of parasitic infections among the children, dogs and its association with soil contamination in two villages with different hygiene level standards were analysed. Infections were present in both examined localities, but in the village with higher living standard, a better personal and communal hygiene level and better dogs care a lower occurrence of parasitic germs in soil was detected. High prevalence of protozoa and helminths was observed not only within canine population but also in children throughout the year in the village with lower hygiene and socio-economic standard. We have identified up to 12 taxa of parasites in 127 collected dogs’ excrements and mean prevalence was 71.65 %. The most frequent were eggs of family Ancylostomatidae and Ascaris spp., followed by Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Giardia duodenalis cysts, Isospora spp. oocysts, eggs of Capillaria aerophila, Trichuris vulpis, Taenia type eggs, Dipylidium caninum, oocysts of Sarcocystis spp. and larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum. The soil samples collected near dwellings were highly contaminated. Two thirds of samples contained eggs for the most part of family Ancylostomatidae as well as genera Ascaris and Toxocara. Among the kids population helminth ova were present in 53.17 % of stool samples, where the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis, Hymenolepis diminuta and cysts of G. duodenalis were the most frequent. In contrast, parasitic diseases were not seen in children population living in the locality with common hygiene standard.
Gastrointestinal helminth infections of dairy goats in Slovakia
Authors: Babják M. , Königová A. , Urda-Dolinská M. , Várady M.
Published: August 2017

The aim of this study was to identify the most common gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in flocks of dairy goats on 30 farms in Slovakia. A total of 944 adult goats were examined during the pasturing seasons for 2014 – 2016. Eggs from one or more species of gastrointestinal parasites were identified in 906 of the samples (95.90 %). Strongyle eggs were present in most of the samples (92.00 %), followed by Strongyloides papillosus (14.05 %), Trichuris spp. (7.84 %), Nematodirus spp. (3.98 %), and Moniezia spp. (2.65 %). The counts of strongyle eggs per gram of faeces ranged from 0 to 11 000. Subsamples from each farm were used to prepare faecal coprocultures to identify the genera of the nematodes. Third-stage larvae of Trichostrongylus spp. (100 %) and Teladorsagia/Ostertagia spp. (96.60 %) were present on most of the farms, followed by Oesophagostomum spp./Chabertia ovina (86.60 %) and Haemonchus contortus (76.60 %). Teladorsagia/Ostertagia spp. were the dominant genera on 60 % of the farms.
Helminth parasite communities of spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus from the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Morales-Serna F. N. , García-Vargas F. , Medina-Guerrero R. M. , Fajer-Ávila E. J.
Published: August 2017

The helminth communities of L. guttatus from Mazatlan Bay (MB) and Banderas Bay (BB), on the Pacific coast of Mexico, were studied during two consecutive years. A total of 536 fish were collected and 19 parasite taxa registered (six digeneans, two cestodes, nine nematodes, and two monogeneans). Infection levels of common helminth species (Helicometrina nimia, Siphodera vinaledwardsii, Tetraphyllidea gen. sp., Pseudoterranova sp., Ancyrocephalidae gen. sp. and Microcotyloides incisa) as well as the infracommunity indices varied significantly between MB and BB, and among dry and rainy seasons; however, no clear seasonal patterns were observed. Pseudoterranova larvae appeared frequently in MB, possibly because of the presence of the California sea lion in this locality. Similarity analysis did not show a clear separation of parasite species composition between both localities, which suggest that fish samples came from a single population of L. guttatus.
Morphological and molecular characteristics of foliar nematode attacking silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) in Poland
Authors: Chałańska A. , Bogumił A. , Winiszewska G. , Kowalewska K. , Malewski T.
Published: August 2017

Aphelenchoides fragariae (Ritzema Bos, 1890) Christie, 1932 was isolated from leaves of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) seedlings proving that the source of infection was anemones plants. This is the first report to our best knowledge showing that the source of nematode infection of a woody plant could be a perennial plant. A. fragariae was identified by morphometric and molecular analyses. Morphological diagnosis based on the bending shape of the tail of males and pronounced apex and rostrum proved to be the most accurate reliable characteristic. On the opposite, the high variability of the mucron shape in female tails made the identification by microscopic analyses difficult. Identification of the species was confirmed by analysis of 28S rDNA sequences. The morphometric data of adults extracted from silver birch was compared with that of nematodes isolated from Anemone hupehensis (Lemoine) Lemoine. Males body length varied highly in samples collected from both host plant species.
The functional significance of 14-3-3 proteins in cancer: focus on lung cancer
Authors: Khorrami Afshin , Sharif Bagheri Mahyar , Tavallaei Mahmood , Gharechahi Javad
Published: August 2017

The 14-3-3 family proteins are phosphoserine/phosphothreonine binding proteins constituting a conserved class of proteins which are detected in all eukaryotic cells. In mammalians, 14-3-3 proteins have seven distinct isoforms (β, γ, ε, η, ζ, σ and τ/θ) which are involved in various cellular processes including signal transduction, cell cycle, cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and survival. 14-3-3 proteins do not have a distinct catalytic activity and often regulate the activity, stability, subcellular localization and interactions of other proteins. The 14-3-3 family proteins function through interacting with their client proteins or facilitating the interaction of other proteins likely as adaptor proteins. The versatile functions of these proteins in the regulation of cell growth, cell division, cell death and cell migration make them candidate proteins for which an important role in cancer development could be envisioned. Indeed, analysis of cancer cell lines and tumor-derived tissues have indicated the differential abundance or post-translational modification of some 14-3-3 isoforms. In this review, we aimed to show how deregulation of 14-3-3 proteins contributes to initiation, establishment and progression of cancers with a particular emphasis on lung cancer. The role of these proteins in cancer-relevant processes including cell cycle, cell migration, cell-cell communication and programmed cell death will be discussed in detail.
Comparison of cytochrome P450 expression in four different human osteoblast models
Authors: Liu Lingyu , Pathak Janak L. , Zhu Yong-qiang , Bureik Matthias
Published: August 2017

Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are important for bone homeostasis, but only limited information is available on their expression in human bone cells. We analyzed the expression levels of eight CYPs in osteoblasts cultured in human bone pieces, in osteoblasts differentiated from human periosteum mesenchymal stem cells, in primary human osteoblasts and in the human osteoblast cell line MG63, respectively. Our results confirm previous reports about the presence of CYP11A1, CYP17A1, CYP24A1 and CYP27B1, while demonstrating expression of CYP2E1, CYP26A1, CYP39A1 and CYP51A1 for the first time. However, expression patterns in the four models were remarkably different from each other.
Determination of Listeria monocytogenes numbers at less than 10 cfu/g
Authors: Hunt K. , Vacelet M. , Jordan K.
Published: August 2017

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes a relatively rare foodborne disease called listeriosis, with a high mortality rate of 20%-30% and an undefined dose response. Current European Union regulations permit up to 100 colony-forming units (cfu)/g in food at the end of its shelf life, where the food has been shown not to support the growth of this pathogenic bacterium. Therefore, enumeration of L. monocytogenes at low numbers in food is important. The objective of this study was to reduce the detection limit of L. monocytogenes in food by a factor of 10. The International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) 11290-2 method for enumeration of L. monocytogenes in food recommends spreading 0.1 mL of a 1:10 dilution of the food on the surface of an agar plate (detection limit 100 cfu/g), or 1.0 mL spread in equal parts on the surface of three agar plates (detection limit: 10 cfu/g). The pour-plate method (using 1 or 10 mL of an appropriate dilution) was compared to the spread-plate method using the ISO-approved chromogenic medium Agar Listeria according to Ottaviani and Agosti (ALOA). Using the pour-plate method, the colony morphology and halo formation were similar to the spread-plate method from pure cultures and inoculated foods. Using the pour-plate method in a 140 mm Petri dish, 10 mL of a 1:10 dilution of food allowed determination of numbers as low as 1 cfu/g. Applying this method, L. monocytogenes in naturally contaminated food samples were enumerated at numbers as low as 1-9 cfu/g.
Trichotillomania in celiac disease patient refractory to iron replacement
Authors: Kalyoncu Tuğba , Çıldır Deniz Argüz , Özbaran Burcu
Published: August 2017

Trichotillomania is characterized by recurring hair pulling behavior and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. This behavior can cause a trichobezoar, which is a mass of hair found in the stomach. Patients with diagnosed celiac disease may have an urge to swallow their hair due to iron or folat deficiency, which is called pica. We report a case of an 11-year old girl with celiac disease who has had trichotillomania for a duration of 2 years, and required an operation due to residual gastric hair mass. In this case trichotillomania was more likely caused by behavioral disorders secondary to celiac disease, rather than the iron deficiency due to malabsorption.
From child to grown up in a medical world: developing an adolescent transition programme at a Norwegian University hospital
Authors: Sirevåg Kjersti , Fløtten Kjersti J.Ø. , Nakstad Britt , Hvideberg Aud Inger , Odden Jan Petter , Roy Betty Van
Published: August 2017

Background

Akershus University Hospital has since 2012 worked systematically towards improving the process of transfer for adolescents from the Department for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (DPAM) to adult services in our hospital.

Objective

To improve the transfer process of adolescents we aimed at moving from a more administrative focus on transfers to a transition programme. The aim was both short-term and long-term gains, namely quality improvement of the healthcare we are providing and valued health promotion outcomes.

Methods

A guided transition programme for adolescents was developed, piloted and introduced. It was developed in close collaboration with our youth council. An e-learning programme and a handbook for health care professionals were developed for implementation.

Results

Data from the pilot testing the transition programme show that the adolescent participants found the information material to be relevant. They reported that it was used actively by the health professionals in their consultations and that they found this to be helpful. It was crucial that the management acknowledged and took responsibility for the programme. We experienced that a shared understanding of the adolescent patient in both sending and receiving departments was crucial.

Conclusion

Adolescent medicine should include competence and professionalism. Health care personnel must possess knowledge, skills and attitude that enable good, health promoting encounters. Further evaluation of pre- and post-implementation clinical outcomes, of patient empowerment and of satisfaction among employees will need to follow for evaluation of the effectiveness of this transition programme.
Attitudes and behaviors related to distracted driving in college students: a need for interventions in adolescence
Authors: Basch Corey H. , MacLean Sarah A. , Garcia Philip
Published: August 2017

Objective

One of the biggest contributors to distracted driving among young people in the United States is technology. The objective of this study was to describe distracted driving behaviors among college students, with a specific focus on attitudes towards and use of social media.

Methods

With written permission, a survey was adapted from the Distracted Driving Public Opinion Poll distributed by the National Safety Council. The survey comprised 43 questions assessing attitudes and behaviors. A total of 411 students enrolled in a personal health course were invited to complete the survey. In total 324 surveys were completed, resulting in a response rate of 79%.

Results

Among students with a driver’s license, 95.2% reported engaging in distracted driving behaviors. The use of social media while driving was common, with 30.7% reporting that they glance at, read, or post to social media while driving, most commonly on Snapchat or Instagram. It was common for students to make or answer phone calls (72.0%), review or send text messages (54.6%), or glance at or read automatic notifications (43.3%). Almost all students (91.5%) reported that they believed a hands-free solution is safer than holding the phone while driving, but only 67.9% reported that they usually used a hands-free device. Students in a health major and students who drive in urban areas were more likely to engage in distracted driving behaviors.

Conclusions

These findings suggest a need for interventions, particularly those which target adolescents in an attempt to deter these behaviors as they transition into adulthood.
Gastric cancer in a teenager: a case report
Authors: Ghersin Itai , Katz Lior H.
Published: August 2017

Background

Gastric cancer occurs mainly in older patients, with a peak incidence over 60 years of age. It is relatively rare among younger individuals. However, the frequency of gastric cancer in young patients appears to be on the rise worldwide.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 19-year-old female soldier who, after a considerable diagnostic delay, was diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma. She is one of the youngest gastric adenocarcinoma patients ever reported in Israel.

Conclusion

This case should serve as a reminder that gastric carcinoma is a possible diagnosis even in young patients. It also highlights the critical importance of obtaining a thorough medical history in the process of clinical decision making.
Spatiotemporal Assessment of Vegetation Indices and Land Cover for Erbil City and Its Surrounding Using Modis Imageries
Authors: Hussein Shwan O. , Kovács Ferenc , Tobak Zalán
Published: August 2017

The rate of global urbanization is exponentially increasing and reducing areas of natural vegetation. Remote sensing can determine spatiotemporal changes in vegetation and urban land cover. The aim of this work is to assess spatiotemporal variations of two vegetation indices (VI), the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), in addition land cover in and around Erbil city area between the years 2000 and 2015. MODIS satellite imagery and GIS techniques were used to determine the impact of urbanization on the surrounding quasi-natural vegetation cover. Annual mean vegetation indices were used to determine the presence of a spatiotemporal trend, including a visual interpretation of time-series MODIS VI imagery. Dynamics of vegetation gain or loss were also evaluated through the study of land cover type changes, to determine the impact of increasing urbanization on the surrounding areas of the city. Monthly rainfall, humidity and temperature changes over the 15-year-period were also considered to enhance the understanding of vegetation change dynamics. There was no evidence of correlation between any climate variable compared to the vegetation indices. Based on NDVI and EVI MODIS imagery the spatial distribution of urban areas in Erbil and the bare around it has expanded. Consequently, the vegetation area has been cleared and replaced over the past 15 years by urban growth.
Convexification of restricted Dirichlet-to-Neumann map
Authors: Klibanov Michael V.
Published: August 2017

By our definition, “restricted Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DN) map” means that the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary data for a coefficient inverse problem (CIP) are generated by a point source running along an interval of a straight line.
On the other hand, the conventional DN data can be generated, at least sometimes, by a point source running along a hypersurface.
CIPs with restricted DN data are non-overdetermined in the n-dimensional case, with

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

.
We develop, in a unified way, a general and radically new numerical concept for CIPs with restricted DN data for a broad class of PDEs of second order, such as, e.g., elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic ones.
Namely, using Carleman weight functions, we construct globally convergent numerical methods.
Hölder stability and uniqueness are also proved.
The price we pay for these features is a well-acceptable one in the numerical analysis, that is, we truncate a certain Fourier-like series with respect to some functions depending only on the position of the point source.
At least three applications are imaging of land mines, crosswell imaging and electrical impedance tomography.
Coda: Ten Questions for a Diplomat
Authors: Weisbrode Kenneth
Published: August 2017

Thomas Niles served as a United States foreign service officer from 1962 to 1998. His service included three terms as ambassador: to Canada, the European Community, and Greece. He reflects here on the continuities in the diplomatic profession, and, in particular, on embassies, during a period of notable historic change. While many of the protocols and responsibilities of embassies remained more or less the same as they had been for over a century, there were hints that those, too, were about to change in unforeseen ways, even calling into question the central role of embassies as representing and serving the nation-state, as the other articles in this issue discuss. Nevertheless, to this ambassador, at least, even dramatic changes in technology, politics, and culture rarely happen all at once; and the institutions and the people adapting to them may be more cautious or durable than they sometimes appear in retrospect.
Self-assembly and enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of reduced graphene oxide-Bi2WO6 photocatalysts
Authors: Yu Hongguang , Chu Chenglin , Chu Paul K.
Published: August 2017

The reduced graphene oxide-Bi2WO6(rGO-BWO) photocatalysts with different RMvalues (mass ratio of GO and Bi2WO6) had been successfully synthesized via hydrothermal method in the presence of GO. When increasing the RMvalues from 0 to 2%, the evident red shift of the absorption edges of rGO-BWO samples occurred, and the photocatalytic activities for the degradation of Rhodamine-B were enhanced gradually. However, there was a significant blue shift in the absorbance band, and the morphology of the incomplete rGO-BWO microspheres led to the lower photocatalytic activity when RMis increased from 4 to 10%. The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the smaller band gap, which means needing less energy for the electron transition, the morphology of the unbroken microsphere that provides more possible reaction sites for the photocatalytic reaction, the appropriate GO content that may effectively mitigate electron-hole pair recombination by the migration of photoinduced electrons.
Flow and Heat Transfer in a Newtonian Nanoliquid due to a Curved Stretching Sheet
Authors: Siddheshwar Pradeep Ganapathi , Nerolu Meenakshi , Pažanin Igor
Published: August 2017

Flow of a Newtonian nanoliquid due to a curved stretching sheet and heat transfer in it is studied. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients by using a similarity transformation. The flow characteristics are studied using plots of flow velocity components and the skin-friction coefficient as a function of suction-injection parameter, curvature, and volume fraction. Prescribed surface temperature and prescribed surface heat flux are considered for studying the temperature distribution in the flow. The thermophysical properties of 20 nanoliquids are considered in the investigation by modeling them through the use of phenomenological laws and mixture theory. The results of the corresponding problem involving a plane stretching sheet is obtained as a particular case of those obtained in the present paper. Skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are evaluated and it is observed that skin friction coefficient decreases with concentration of nanoparticles in the absence as well as presence of suction where as Nusselt number increases with increase in concentration of nanoparticles in a dilute range.
A prevalência o poder potestativo do empregador em face do Inciso V do Parágrafo Único do Art. 53 da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LEI Nº. 9.394/ 1996)
Authors: Araújo de Oliveira André
Published: August 2017

A Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, conhecida popularmente como LDB, Lei nº. 9.394/1996, com o objetivo de demarcar a autonomia universitária achou por bem em condicionar a dispensa de professores à oitiva de colegiados internos da instituição de ensino. Por outro lado, isso representa limitação a um direito do empregador, qual seja, seu poder potestativo de proceder à dispensa de empregados desde que atendidas as premissas legais da legislação trabalhista. A proposta do presente artigo é demonstrar que nesse conflito deve prevalecer o direito do empregador de tal modo que seu poder de organização, nesse particular caracterizado pelo poder potestativo, não seja maculado.
Effects of superplasticisers on hydration process, structure and properties of α-hemihydrate calcium sulfate
Authors: Zhao Hui , Hu Guo-Hua , Ye Gong-Bo , Ren Xiao-Ming , Zhang Qun-Chao , Jiang Tao
Published: August 2017

Polycarboxylic superplasticiser (PS) and naphthalene-based superplasticiser (NBS) were used to achieve a denser structure of α-hemihydrate calcium sulfate and better mechanical properties. The hydration process was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which showed that the PS decelerated the whole hydration process of α-hemihydrate calcium sulfate, whereas the NBS accelerated the process in the early stage and decelerated it in the late stage. It was noteworthy that they both could increase the highest hydration heat. The PS delayed the hydration heat peak whereas the NBS advanced it. Both scanning electron microscopy and pore property analysis confirmed the formation of a more compact structure of the hydration product. Optimal mechanical properties of α-hemihydrate calcium sulfate were obtained with 0·5% NBS or 0·4% PS by mass. Under the same conditions, the PS was more efficient at improving the properties of α-hemihydrate calcium sulfate than the NBS.
Pharmacologic Approaches to Improve Mitochondrial Function in AKI and CKD
Authors: Szeto Hazel H.
Published: August 2017

AKI is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and it predisposes to the development and progression of CKD. Novel strategies that minimize AKI and halt the progression of CKD are urgently needed. Normal kidney function involves numerous different cell types, such as tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and podocytes, working in concert. This delicate balance involves many energy-intensive processes. Fatty acids are the preferred energy substrates for the kidney, and defects in fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction are universally involved in diverse causes of AKI and CKD. This review provides an overview of ATP production and energy demands in the kidney and summarizes preclinical and clinical evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI and CKD. New therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria protection and cellular bioenergetics are presented, with emphasis on those that have been evaluated in animal models of AKI and CKD. Targeting mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics upstream of cellular damage may offer advantages compared with targeting downstream inflammatory and fibrosis processes.
A study to find out relationship in between serum uric acid level and stroke
Authors: Tripathi Vishwa Deepak , Hussain Zakir
Published: August 2017

Background: The role of uric acid as a risk factor in cases of acute ischaemic stroke is controversial. The present study was conducted with the aim to study the clinical profile and the incidence of stroke in patients with normal and elevated uric acid and its correlation with other risk factors.Methods: This study was conducted in 100 patients with acute ischaemic stroke who were admitted in NSCB Hospital Jabalpur from August 2009 to July 2010.Clinical records of patients and their serum uric acid level was investigated. The severity of neurological deficit was recorded according to the scandinavian stroke scale (SSS). Patients were followed up during hospital stay and outcome was graded by using modified Rankin’s scale (mRS). Finally, collected data were analyzed using Chi square and student t test wherever appropriate. P value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study. Majority of the patients (57%) were in the age group of 50 to 70 years. Males (54%) were more affected than females (46%). Out of 100, 71 had normal serum uric acid levels in which 35 (49%) patients were above 60 years of age. 29 of them had hyperuricemia in which 20 (69%) were above the age of 60 years. Of 54 males and 46 females hyperuricemia was observed in 16 (55%) and 13 (45%) patients respectively. A significant correlation was observed between hyperuricemia and hypertension (p<0.05). Non-significant correlation was seen between hyperuricemia, diabetes and hyperlipidemia (p>0.05). Significant, positive correlation p<0.05 was present amongst male alcoholics. Association of uric acid with smoking in acute ischaemic stroke patients was found to be statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Majority (83%) of patients were having infarct in MCA artery territory. Majority of patients 20 (69%) with elevated serum uric acid were having SSS score >30. Statistically insignificant (p>0.05) association was observed between mean mRS score in patients with normal serum uric acid Vs patients with hyperuricemia.Conclusions: The prevalence of hyperuricemia in acute ischaemic stroke patients was lower than in normal population. Age, hypertension and alcoholism amongst males showed statistically significant positive correlation with hyperuricemia in patient with acute ischaemic stroke and hence they are considered to be the significant risk factors.
Table of Contents
Authors: Editors The
Published: August 2017

Table of Contents
Front Matter
Authors: Editors The
Published: August 2017

Front Cover and Editorial Board
REVIEW AND COMPARISON OF WATER EROSION INTENSITY IN THE WESTERN BALKAN AND EU COUNTRIES
Authors: Blinkov Ivan
Published: August 2017

The south and southeast region of Europe is significantly prone to water erosion. In parts of the region, erosion has reached a stage of irreversibility and in some places erosion has practically ceased because there is no soil left. In the recent period several models and approaches in a GIS environment were developed using available database for erosion factors on the European level on which data about water erosion in Western Balkan countries is missing. Sci-entists in the Western Balkan countries faced with the erosion problem for years, developed own models or prepared various erosion risk maps using national databases. The aim of this study is to compare results of water erosion inten-sity in the Western Balkan countries using models on wider level (European maps) and national researches. The basic methodological approach in this paper is an analysis of secondary data, using the method of "content analysis" of various data sources. Inductive and deductive qualitative analyses were used and finally the method of "comparative analysis" is applied, too. Through the analysis of national researches it was estimated that erosion intensity in the WB countries is 656 m3/ha (similar to 6.56 t/ha) and the total amount of annual produced erosive material is 373.8·106 m3. The most erosive countries in Europe are Albania and Montenegro where mean annual intensity of erosion is > 10 t/ha. Macedonia together with Italy, Portugal, Slovenia and Romania is in the second group of countries, where ero-sion intensity is 5–10 t/ha.
RHEOMETRIC AND DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX NATURAL RUBBER BASED COMPOSITES
Authors: Ivanoska-Dacikj Aleksandra , Bogoeva-Gaceva Gordana , Wießner Sven , Heinrich Gert
Published: August 2017

This work describes the preparation and characterization of complex natural rubber (NR) based composites containing hybrid nano- and conventional fillers intended for base seismic application. Thorough rheometric and dy-namic mechanical analyses in strain sweep mode at 2 Hz and 10 Hz (two frequencies laying in the range 0 – 15 Hz in which most of the earthquakes have the dominant frequencies) were performed on complex natural rubber (NR) based composites containing hybrid nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, expanded montmorillonite) and different amounts of con-ventional fillers like carbon black (CB) and silica. The rheometric studies showed that the influence of the combina-tion of the different fillers on curing parameters is quite complex, but mainly the introduction of the fillers reduces the scorch and optimum cure time of the compounds. The dynamic mechanical analysis showed a pronounced non-linear strain dependence of the storage modulus and a remarkable increase of the loss factor tanδ for all composites, espe-cially for those containing high CB content, compared to the NR-gum. To describe this strain-dependency of the stor-age modulus the cluster-cluster aggregation (CCA) model was used. The values of the fitting parameters ΔE’0, γc, and E’∞ calculated by this model show that they are affected by the type of the fillers present in the NR matrix and also by the applied frequency.
SPECIES OF THE DIATOM GENUS CRATICULA GRUNOW (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) FROM MACEDONIA
Authors: Levkov Zlatko , Tofilovska Slavica , Mitić-Kopanja Danijela
Published: August 2017

The species of the genus Craticula are widely distributed in Europe, mostly occurring in brackish, saline to heavi-ly polluted waters. Some of the species are considered as being most tolerant to pollution. Recently, detailed observa-tions of this genus in Macedonia have been performed. During this study, 15 taxa have been recorded. One of the species (Craticula simplex) was observed with three different morphotypes, which can be distinguished by the valve size and shape. Craticula cuspidata and C. ambigua were the most frequently recorded species in various habitats, while species C. halophila, C. germainii and C. fumantii were observed only on a single locality. The highest diversity of Craticula was observed in temporary ponds on halomorphic soils and mineral springs in Eastern Macedonia.
Art as Narrative: Recounting Trauma through Literature
Authors: Abubakar Sadiya
Published: August 2017

In literature, all human phenomena are reflected by literary works and related to the world through simple artistic mediums. It is no doubt that trauma exists as part of human challenges since the start of human history. However, the concept of trauma has been theorized in the fields of sciences and social sciences since ages i.e. Medicine, Psychology etc. only soon did it gain credence and was theorized in the stream of literature by some competent, scholarly and capable professors of comparative literature at Emory University; Cathy Caruth and Shoshana Felman. As the world evolves from one age to another, so does literature, binding history and culture of a place and people efficiently. Trauma has as well been one way or another, prevalent in all forms of literature. It surfaces as the shady part of all narratives that tell of a history, memoir, agonies and sorrows of the writer or about the subjects (characters) created.

This paper explores the origins of trauma theory and deciphers its essential role in literature. It argues that trauma in literature is a must-read because, the theoretical multiplicity that allows for an appreciative comprehension of trauma's flexible representations include (and also move beyond) the idea of trauma as neurotic, appalling, horrifying, terrifying and the pleasure of telling and witnessing a traumatic event which is, of course, literature.
Effect of Communication, Governance and Financial Capability on Service Quality and Lecturer Performance
Authors: DM Syahrir , Haming Murdifin , Rahman Zainuddin , Zakaria Junaiddin
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of communication, governance and financial capacity on service quality and lecturer performance. The population in this study is 2,381 lecturers in Makassar area, slovin formulation was used to obtain 342 lecturers as a sample. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using Structural Equation Model using AMOS Ver. 18. The study found that the communication and governance positive and significant effect on service quality, financial capability has a negative and no significant effect on service quality. Communication and financial capability has a positive and significant effect on lecturers performance, while the governance positive and insignificant effect on lecturers performance.  Service quality has a positive and significant effect on lecturers’ performance. Indirectly for variable i.e. service quality as a mediating role has a positive and insignificant in explaining the effect of communication on lecturer performance,  Service quality as a mediating role has a positive and insignificant  in explaining the effect of governance on lecturer performance. On the other section, service quality as a mediating role has a negative and significant in explaining the effect of financial capabilities on lecturer’s performance.
Tick Size Implementation of Kompas 100 Index at Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Hamid Agustini
Published: August 2017

Tick Mechanism was included in market microstructure. It studied the process which investors’ latent demands were ultimately translated into prices and volumes. This research reviewed the theoretical, empirical, and experimental literature on market microstructure relating to return, volatility, and liquidity after implementation of new tick size in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study took a sample of Kompas 100 index because it was represented all level of tick size at IDX. The data were analyzed using differences test with analysis tools e-views. Using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, there were not significance difference of volatility, return, and liquidity after the implementation of new tick size. The difference of implementation new tick size were contrary results that old tick size has a positive value to return and liquidity while it was negative for volatility. It means that increasing of liquidity and return have the impact to volatility. While the implementation of new tick size has the negative impact to return, liquidity, and volatility.
Tantangan Pewirausaha di Bidang TI: Bagaimana Menghasilkan Keuntungan dari Ide? Studi Kasus Pada PT “IPS” (Payment Gateway)
Authors: Lisanti Yuliana
Published: August 2017

It was not easy to start a business, let alone to run it. However, the spirit and ideas of the three founder of PT “IPS” has successfully created an innovative business that is a payment gateway to help sellers and buyers to make purchases online. However, there is a major problem for many IT entrepreneurs faced by PT “IPS” that is how to gain profit from the business. PT “IPS” hopes to make a profit from the efforts undertaken By understanding customer behavior and how other business people can get profit from the business relating to technology, such as improving customer value, distinguishing between types of member and amenities, providing "ignored" biaya by the user and working with other business people in the same field.