bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liquefaction at Kaiapoi in the  1901 Cheviot, New Zealand, earthquake
Authors: Berrill J. B. , Mulqueen P. C. , Ooi E. T. C.
Published: January 2020

Seismic liquefaction occurred in northeast Kaiapoi during the 1901 Cheviot earthquake. A contemporary newspaper report describes the ejection of sand and lateral spreading in Waites' market garden at the east end of Sewell Street, Kaiapoi and also south of the Waimakariri River near Belfast. Piezocone probing and rotary drilling on the Waites property in Sewell Street and at three other sites in northeast Kaiapoi found loose, fine sands and silty sands with cone resistance 4: as low as 2 to 3 MPa; it is not surprising that liquefaction was observed in 1901. Lack of precise seismological parameters for the 1901 earthquake precludes any definite conclusions about the performance of liquefaction potential models. However, the occurrence of liquefaction strongly suggests that the M6.5 magnitude estimated by Dibble et al. [1980] is too small, and that local magnitude in 1901 was larger than the surface-wave value of about 6.9 of Dowrick and Smith [1990]. A value in the range of 7.1 to 7.5 seems more likely. Comparison of Dutch cone penetrometer resistances and standard penetration test N-values supports the old qc (bars)/N = 4 rule. Because of the large amount of scatter, use of the more refined rule of Robertson of Campanella, where qc /N is a function of D50, does not seem justified. The penetration testing results confirm that there is a significant risk of liquefaction at Kaiapoi. Furthermore, we now have four reference sites, each with slightly different soil conditions, whose performance can be monitored following future earthquakes in the region.
Ground shaking intensity and damage at Lake Coleridge power station in the 18 June 1994 Avoca River earthquake
Authors: Pattle A. , Wood J. H.
Published: January 2020

Apart from highway bridges and embankments, the only major structures close to the epicentre of the 18 June 1994 Avoca River magnitude ML 6.5 were at the Lake Coleridge hydo power scheme. At the power-house location, the peak ground acceleration reached 0.14 g and the felt intensity was estimated as MMI VII.

Because most of the buildings and civil structures at the scheme are more than 60 years of age their performance under the moderate level of shaking was of particular interest. Damage to the buildings and other structures was minor and it is thought that the ground shaking intensity was just below the threshold level above which more serious damage might be expected.
Disaster recovery
Authors: Gregory Geoff
Published: January 2020

Needs highlighted by the Wellington after the Quake Conference
Citizen-Centered Reporting: Assessing Popular Financial Reporting Practice in Italian Decentralized Governments
Authors: Del Gesso Carla , Romagnoli Luca
Published: January 2020

Given their proximity to citizens, Decentralized Governments (DGs) need to perform and report their activities from a citizen-centered perspective to improve transparency and accountability. The literature addressing reporting for citizens is piecemeal, and there is a dearth of studies that systematically analyze country experiences of popular reporting. To contribute to bridging this gap, this article provides an assessment of popular financial reporting practices in 370 Italian DGs from different perspectives. The authors evaluated the accessibility and readability of popular reports using simple, yet insightful quantitative measures. The results highlighted that Italian popular financial reporting practices are at an early stage of implementation. Popular reporting appears to be more difficult to implement in smaller municipalities than other levels of government. This research emphasizes citizen-centered reporting to support citizen-centered governance and accountability, suggesting that popular reporting practices in DGs need to increase; an improvement of the accessibility and readability of documents is also advisable to foster their usage. Greater and better popular reporting practices in DGs are needed to encourage citizen participation in the democratic processes of public governance in order to allow for better government performance results.
The Usefulness of Different Forms of Translation in a CLIL Environment
Authors: Canepari Michela
Published: January 2020

This article aims to explore the role translation can play within a CLIL environment. The hypothesis that the research project, on which this paper is based, wanted to prove, was that the introduction of materials and activities informed by the use of various forms of translation could lead to an enhancement of the performance in students attending CLIL courses at the level of both content and language. As Snell-Hornby stated at the end of the twentieth century, the practice of translation in our society has increasingly acquired a fundamental importance. Yet, for many years, translation has often been excluded from the language class. However, in our multicultural society, translation has become an essential tool in various professional and social contexts, including the multicultural classrooms teachers act in. This article is based on my experience as a teacher trainer (English language and CLIL methodology) and on the results obtained during research which focused, in particular, on the use of various forms of translation in CLIL courses and which extended over the school years 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. As a result, this article argues in favor of translation in the CLIL class. On the basis of the outcomes obtained, it is my contention here that Learning Units such as those presented here, where translation works in synergy with CLIL methodology, are perceived as motiving by students, thereby facilitating the development of various disciplinary and communicative skills.
Linezolid for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lifan Z. , Sainan B. , Feng S. , Siyan Z. , Xiaoqing L.
Published: January 2020

SETTING: Studies have shown that linezolid (LZD) can be used to treat extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB).OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess existing evidence concerning efficacy and safety of LZD for XDR-TB treatment.DESIGN:
The MEDLINE@OVID, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials, Sinomed, CMCI, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case series or case reports on XDR-TB patients treated with LZD from January 2000 to December
2016. Summary estimates of the rate of sputum culture conversion, treatment success and adverse effects were calculated; data that could not be combined were summarised and described qualitatively. The combined results were examined for heterogeneity, sensitivity and publishing bias.RESULTS:
Twenty-two original studies covering a total of 302 patients with XDR-TB fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Pooled estimates for sputum culture conversion and treatment success rates were respectively 93.2% and 67.4% in XDR-TB patients on LZD treatment. The pooled estimates for the rate of
myelosuppression, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuritis and adverse reactions of the gastrointestinal tract were respectively 42.5%, 26.0%, 19.0% and 35.0%. Heterogeneity was mostly due to the initial dose of LZD (≤600 mg/d or >600 mg/d), as patients with a high initial dose of LZD were
more likely to have myelosuppression (48.4% vs. 24.8%, P = 0.010) and adverse events of the gastrointestinal tract (41.3% vs.15.4%, P = 0.100).CONCLUSION: LZD appears to be effective for XDR-TB, but adverse events are common. An LZD dose of ≤600 mg/d as the initial
dose for treating XDR-TB patients is recommended.
From Peruvian mummies to living humans: first case of pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium pinnipedii
Authors: Zmak L. , Obrovac M. , Jankovic Makek M. , Perko G. , Trkanjec J. T.
Published: January 2020

The zoonotic potential of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species is well known. However, M. pinnipedii, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) predominantly in seals and sea lions, has never been isolated from a respiratory specimen in humans. Here we describe the
first known human case of pulmonary TB caused by M. pinnipedii in a 79-year-old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis and chronic respiratory disease. The epidemiological data did not explain where the patient was exposed to M. pinnipedii, thus leaving the source of transmission
unknown.
Assessing metabolic properties of dairy cows fed low quality straws by integrative arterial and venous metabolomics
Authors: Wang Bing , Yu Zhu , Liu Jianxin
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to reveal potential metabolic differences of dairy cows fed corn stover (CS) and rice straw (RS) instead of alfalfa hay (AH) as main forage source.Methods: Thirty multiparous mid-late lactation Holstein dairy cows were selected and randomly assigned to three diets, AH, CS, or RS (n = 10). After 13 weeks of the feeding trial, coccygeal arterial and superficial epigastric venous plasma samples were collected before morning feeding for gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry analyses.Results: In the artery, 8 and 13 metabolites were detected as differential metabolites between AH and CS, and between AH and RS, respectively. The relative abundance of phenylpropanoate (log2fold change [FC]) = 1.30, 1.09), panthenol (log2FC = 2.36, 2.20), threitol (log2FC = 1.00, 1.07), and 3,7,12-trihydroxycoprostane (log2FC = 0.79, 0.78) were greater in both CS and RS than in AH, and tyrosine (log2FC = –0.32), phenylalanine (log2FC = –0.30), and pyruvic acid (log2FC = –0.30) were lower in RS than in AH. In the vein, 1 and 7 metabolites were detected as differential metabolites between AH and CS, and between AH and RS, respectively. By comparing AH and RS, we found that metabolic pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism were enriched by integrative artery and vein analysis. Furthermore, AH and RS, arterial phenylpropanoate and 4-hydroxyproline were positively, and phenylalanine was negatively correlated with milk urea nitrogen. Finally, in AH and CS, arterial panthenol was negatively correlated with feed efficiency.Conclusion: Arterial metabolic profiles changed more than those in the veins from animals on three forage diets, differing in amino acids. We found that phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism were restricted when cows were fed low-quality cereal straw diets.
Co-cultured methanogen improved the metabolism in the hydrogenosome of anaerobic fungus as revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Li Yuqi , Sun Meizhou , Li Yuanfei , Cheng Yanfen , Zhu Weiyun
Published: January 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to reveal the metabolic shift in the fungus cocultured with the methanogen (Methanobrevibacter thaueri).Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to investigate the metabolites in anaerobic fungal (Pecoramyces sp. F1) cells and the supernatant.Results: A total of 104 and 102 metabolites were detected in the fungal cells and the supernatant, respectively. The partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed that the metabolite profiles in both the fungal cell and the supernatant were distinctly shifted when co-cultured with methanogen. Statistically, 16 and 30 metabolites were significantly (p<0.05) affected in the fungal cell and the supernatant, respectively by the co-cultured methanogen. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that co-culturing with methanogen reduced the production of lactate from pyruvate in the cytosol and increased metabolism in the hydrogenosomes of the anaerobic fungus. Citrate was accumulated in the cytosol of the fungus co-cultured with the methanogen.Conclusion: The co-culture of the anaerobic fungus and the methanogen is a good model for studying the microbial interaction between H2-producing and H2-utilizing microorganisms. However, metabolism in hydrogenosome needs to be further studied to gain better insight in the hydrogen transfer among microorganisms.
Comparison of overfed Xupu and Landes geese in performance, fatty acid composition, enzymes and gene expression related to lipid metabolism
Authors: Liu Xu , Li Peng , He Changqing , Qu Xiangyong , Guo Songchang
Published: January 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare overfeeding performance, fatty acid composition, blood chemistry, enzymes and genes expression overfed Xupu and Landes geese.Methods: Sixty male Xupu geese (80 d) and Landes geese (80 d) were selected. After a period of one-week of pre-overfeeding, Xupu and Landes geese were overfed three meals of 550 and 350 g/d, respectively, of a high-carbohydrate diet in the first week of the overfeeding period. The next week, geese were given four meals of 1,200 and 850 g/d, respectively, over 8 to 14 d. Finally, geese were given five meals of 1,600 and 1,350 g/d, respectively, for the last two weeks.Results: After overfeeding for 28 d: Compared with Landes geese, Xupu geese liver weight and liver-to-body weight ratio decreased (p<0.05), while final weight, slaughter weight, total weight gain, abdominal fat weight, and feed-to-liver weight ratio increased (p<0.05). The levels of elaidic acid (C18:1t9), oleic acid (C18:1n-9), eicosenoic acid, and arachidonic acid in the liver of Xupu geese significantly increased (p<0.05), and the levels of myristic acid and stearic acid significantly decreased (p<0.05), while methyleicosanoate acid significantly increased (p<0.05). Xupu geese had higher plasma concentrations of triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05), and decreased activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lipase (LPS) (p<0.05). Landes geese had higher LPS activity (p<0.05), but lower cholinesterase activity (p<0.05) when compared with Xupu geese. The mRNA expression levels of fatty acid dehydrogenase (FADS) gene, elongase of longchain fatty acid 1 (ELOVL1) gene, ELOVL5, and acyl-Co A: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) gene were significantly upregulated (p<0.05) in Landes goose when compared with Xupu geese.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the liver production performance of Landes geese was better than that of Xupu geese to some extent, which may be closely related to LPS activity, as well as the expression of FADS, ELOVL1, ELOVL5, and ACAT2.
The Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR) as a Basis for a Modern Codification – The Revised Moldovan Civil Code
Authors: Pietrunko Stephanie , Richter Gesa
Published: January 2020

Comparing the structures of the general contracts, the consumer law, the general obligations and the specific obligations it is striking that the new Moldovan Civil Code, which came into force on 1st March 2019, is widely influenced by the DCFR of 2009. Ten years later, the Moldovan legislator combined modern European ideas with traditional approaches and brought them together to one national Civil Code. Even if a coherent European Civil Code does still not exist, the analysis illustrates how important the work on harmonisation is and shows not least the success of the DCFR aimed to be a role model for future national legislations.
Wie kann eine juristische Blended-Learning-Lehrveranstaltung konkret aussehen? – Grundlagen und Vorschläge
Authors: Seiwerth Stephan
Published: January 2020

„E-Learning“ oder, in Verknüpfung mit klassischeren Präsenzeinheiten, „Blended-Learning“, wird vielfach als Teil der Zukunft der Hochschullehre wahrgenommen. Hinweise und Anregungen dafür, wie sich Blended-Learning im gegebenen personellen, fachlichen, räumlichen, organisatorischen, technischen, rechtlichen und zeitlichen Rahmen heute gerade in einer rechtswissenschaftlichen Massenvorlesung nach didaktischer Fundierung ganz konkret gestalten lässt, sind aber spärlich. Der Aufsatz versucht hier einen kleinen, anwendungsbezogenen Beitrag zu der Konzeption einer Mediendidaktik der Rechtswissenschaft1 mit einigen konkreten Vorschlägen.
Arbitration Proceedings Involving State Entities/Public Institutions in Nigeria: How to Prevail Public Interest Using the Dispute Between Statoil and Texaco Against the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation as a Case Study.
Authors: Darlynton Ofekeze Okiemute
Published: January 2020

This work is intended to highlight the inadequacy of the present Nigerian Arbitration laws in arbitrations involving the Government and private organizations particularly in relation to the issue of public interest. The works also proffers solutions on how public interest can be protected in arbitrations involving the Government and private organizations.
Risks and Challenges in Public-Private Partnership Projects in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Concession of Murtala Mohammed Airport 2 Terminal (Lagos) to Bi-Courtney Nigeria Ltd.
Authors: Lugard Sunday Bontur
Published: January 2020

Public-private partnership (PPP) has gained global recognition as the key vehicle for the provision of necessary public projects due to the continual inability of governments to fund infrastructural needs of their people - Nigeria is not different as the governments at national and sub-national levels have adopted this model of infrastructural development as a means of addressing this challenge. The Federal government of Nigeria has also keyed into the opportunity of exploiting the financial muscle and management capabilities/expertise of the private sector to the PPP as a platform for the funding and execution of public projects, especially commercial infrastructure like roads, ports, airports, rail system, and public services in the area of healthcare. It was on this premise that the federal government, through the Federal Aviation Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), entered into concession agreement over the building and operations of MM2 airport with Bi-Courtney Aviation Services Ltd, which agreement has been the subject of disputes that have not been fully addressed yet. The goal of this research is to espouse the continuous use of PPP as a medium for the provision of critical infrastructure to the Nigerian populace, while not being oblivious of the need to ameliorate the business environment in the country through the rejigging of the legal and regulatory framework in order to guarantee transparent transactions through public disclosures, timely disputes resolutions framework, among others.
Spatial changes in population of Central Russia towns in the post-Soviet period
Authors: Mizerovskaya U. V. , Rak V. A.
Published: January 2020

Small cities are the most vulnerable part of the urban settlement system of Russia: their depopulation has been rooted not only in the demographic crisis of the 1990s, but has also been triggered by the rapid migration outflows. In Central Russia, this process is more obvious due to Moscow metropolitan area which is absorbing the migration flows even from the big cities that are also losing their population. However, the pace of population shrinkage is not even and depends on the ability of the city’s economy to make the most of the city’s functional profile and adjust to the changes of the economic environment. This article focuses on the analysis of the most important factors which enable some small cities of Central Russia to maintain or even increase their population and cause population outflows from other cities. The article identifies the patterns of those factors in the spatial aspect. The results of the study suggest that the spatial dynamics of the population of Central Russia observed in the post-Soviet period leads to a thinning of the urban settlement framework which is a consequence of the transition of a number of medium-sized cities to the category of small ones and an increase in the share of “ultrasmall” cities with a population of less than 10 thousand people.
Regional differences in public access to centralized water supply and safe drinking water in Russia
Authors: Demin A. P.
Published: January 2020

A review of the knowledge of the problem of centralized water supply and providing the population with drinking water throughout Russia is given. The data on the provision of housing in federal districts with centralized water supply in 2000–2017 are given. The growth of deterioration of the water supply network and its influence on the increase in the share of leaks in the total volume of water supplied to the network is shown. The state of plumbing is estimated as a crisis. The number of accidents in the water supply system after 2005 is decreasing, but still 2–3 times higher than European figures. Water withdrawal from groundwater sources for domestic water supply averages around 47% of the total water used for this purpose in Russia. Water intakes from surface water bodies do not have the necessary complex of sewage treatment plants and do not provide complete disinfection and water treatment. The average daily water consumption of urban and rural residents as a result of the introduction of a complex of water-saving measures decreased by 110 liters or 43%. For the years 2000–2017 the proportion of unsatisfactory samples for sanitary-chemical indicators in reservoirs of the first category decreased by only 2 percentage points, and for microbiological indicators – by 5.5. The main reason for the poor health of sources of centralized water supply is the lack of sanitary protection zones.
Challenges of reducing ecological risks for hunting resources use in Zabaykalsky krai (an institutional approach)
Authors: Gurova О. N.
Published: January 2020

The resource potential of the hunting economy of the Trans-Baikal Territory is characterized by great diversity and richness of the animal world. Wild ungulate animals live in the region, which are of great commercial importance: elk, red deer, wild boar, wild reindeer, musk deer and Siberian roe deer .The regulation of the wild animals hunting is an essential condition for sustainable wildlife utilization and its preservation. Data of state monitoring of hunting resources is its basis. Therefore, the censuring is vitally important for hunting industry. One of the problems that have a negative impact on the development of the hunting economy is poaching, an increase in the volume of which, combined with other factors (loss and degradation of animal habitats), leads to a decrease in the number of commercial species. In this article an attempt to analyze the potential losses (damage) of wild ungulate animals in the territory was made on the basis of available methods, literature sources, and Hunting Service official data. The interconnection between the institutional system formed in hunting environmental management and ecological risks in hunting resource usage is analyzed. The aspects of poor efficiency of the institutional system are determined
Prospects of interregional energy hub formation in Turkey
Authors: Gorkina T. I.
Published: January 2020

The article examines the energy policy of Turkey in connection with the country’s desire to become an international energy hub concentrating supplies from neighboring energy resources exporting countries, due to its unique geographical location. Its key position between Asia and Europe facilitates the passage through its territory of transport routes, allowing diversification of exports and imports for neighboring countries. Turkish economic policy, conducted in recent decades, allowed the country to make a leap in its development. To maintain the existing growth rates of the economy, it is necessary to have sufficient energy consumption. The dependence of the country on external energy sources leads to a multi-vector geopolitics, conducted by the country’s government. Turkey is surrounded by countries with which there are economic and geopolitical disagreements. Orientation on Russia with its large and diverse energy resources and a capacious domestic market will support the existing growth rates of the economy, occupy the unemployed population and stabilize energy supplies. Energy diplomacy has become an important factor in ensuring the energy security of both Turkey and its partners. Energy security is influenced by such factors as disruptions in energy supply and price volatility in the global energy market. The development of energy is currently taking place in the mainstream of energy programs, the main components of which are economics, politics, scientific and technical progress, social and environmental problems. The uniqueness of EGP between the zones of energy production and consumption increased the importance of the country as an transiter of energy, that controling the Black Sea straits and having ports on the Black and Mediterranean Seas.
Dynamics and geography of Russian tourist flow to Finland and Estonia in 2004–2018
Authors: Manakov A. G. , Chuchenkova O. A. , Ivanov I. A.
Published: January 2020

At a time when international tourism in Russia has been decreasing since 2014, Finland and Estonia preserve the leadership among EU countries on number of trips there made by Russians. Neighbouring location of Russia assigning some geographical peculiarities to Russian tourist flow to the territories of these countries. The aim of the research is to identify both geographic peculiarities, as well as specific features of the distribution of tourist flow from Russia to the territory of Finland and Estonia. A cartographic analysis allowed to define the connection of the value of the Russian tourist flow at the territory of these countries with: 1) remoteness of the region from the border with Russia, as well as from St. Petersburg, which is the main supplier of Russian tourists to those countries; 2) the density of population in border zones, especially from the Russian side: 3) location and volume of annual traffic of multi-sided vehicle checkpoints at the border. Besides, an active transboundary tourist exchange at the part of Russian-Estonian border in Ivangorod (Kingisepp area of Leningrad region) and Narva (Ida-Virumaa county) is supported by ethnic population relationship on both sides of the border and the possibility to cross the border on foot along the bridge across the River Narva.
Effects of family dynamics on disordered eating patterns and behaviors: Evidence from Cyprus
Authors: Mousoulidou Marilena , Argyrides Marios , Ioannou Maria
Published: January 2020

The current study aimed a) to examine family dynamics in Cyprus and possible influences on disordered eating patterns and behaviors, b) to assess the relationships between the quality of family dynamics and unhealthy eating practices, and c) to reinvestigate the already established relationship between dieting and problematic eating patterns and behaviors. The sample consisted of 109 females between 18 and 30 years old. The majority of the female participants reported that their families are cohesive and flexible, have low levels of disengagement, enmeshment, rigidity and chaos and high levels of communication with most aspects of their families. However, family satisfaction did not provide clear results. Furthermore, results also indicated a positive relationship between rigidity in families and the measures of eating disturbances. Additionally, and as expected, the results were consistent with the well-known assertion that dieting contributes to the development of disordered eating patterns and behaviors. The current findings offer important additional information to the disordered eating literature of females in Cyprus by providing information of how family dynamics can influence the development of problematic eating patterns and behaviors. The current study supports the need for the implementation of preventive and intervention plans to Cypriot young females and their families which promote healthy eating behaviors.
Transnational Culture: From Diasporic Nationalism to Cultural Citizenship
Authors: Čiubrinskas Vytis
Published: January 2020

Transnational migration and the politics of multiculturalism, despite all their discrepancies, are making the cultural dimensions more and more important, as the cultural rights of minorities and immigrants are becoming an essential part of citizenship. The article questions transnational cultural practices in relation to citizenship by exploring two waves of the Lithuanian and other East European emigration to the USA of two periods – after the WWII and after the Cold War. Based on the ethnographic fieldwork done in Chicago in 2006 and 2013 two patterns of transnational culture are revealed – diasporic (homeland) nationalism as well as cultural citizenship. It is sought to prove that the first pattern is shaped in the form of ethno-cultural community in exile and based on the imperative ‘to save the national culture’ which became under siege in homeland, while the second pattern is enacted as inter-ethnic networking, and it is based on social remittances and habits of moral economy brought from the post-socialist Eastern Europe.
Social Stratifications in Applications in Education Institutions: Lithuanian Case
Authors: Trakšelys Kęstutis , Martišauskienė Dalia
Published: January 2020

The article analyses the contemporary problem of our society – manifestations of social stratification in educational institutions. This problem is getting worse as the education system itself is not fully capable of identifying it and thereby reducing the social tension between the members of the educational community. The article presents the research carried out in Lithuanian schools, during which socially disadvantaged pupils were interviewed. The results of the research and their interpretation are presented.
Differences and new trends in migration of demographic groups in Lithuania
Authors: Okunevičiūtė Neverauskienė Laima , Pocius Arūnas
Published: January 2020

The article investigates various demographic groups and their migration differences, and trends changing in Lithuania. The perspectives of various authors on the ongoing migration in Lithuania are discussed. The research draws attention to the differences in migration trends among men and women. The analysis includes significant components such as emigration and immigration that influence changes in population and demographics. One of the most important priorities of this publication is highlighting of differentiation in migration and its assessment by age groups. As the authors’ conclusions show, attitudes of various age groups towards migration are different and rapidly changing. The research reveals the specific structural changes in emigrants’ and immigrants’ demographic groups. The study shows that socially these groups differ, however, only detailed sociological researches could identify real reasons for such differences. In addition, the article presents the new statistical indicators such as various migration statistical indicators calculated by the authors, which are relevant in demographic analysis. The authors have done the calculations of the average age of emigrants and immigrants, as well as the comparative analysis of these indicators and the assessment by the age of net migration (migration balance).
Belarusian Millennials: A Generation Gap?
Authors: Grishchenko Zhanna , Titarenko Larissa
Published: January 2020

The authors focus on the generation of young Belarusian Millennials represented in this research by the students born in 1995–2000. Their main features include political indifference, everyday use of IT technologies, individualism and rational life attitudes. Taking into account both objective and subjective characteristics of this generation, the authors argue that it demonstrates a significant shift in societal development of Belarus. Under the social and cultural conditions of stability and political conservatism, the ‘silent revolution’ took place: Millennials transcoded the traditional values of the previous Soviet generations. The conceptualization of this phenomenon cannot be made only on the basis of quantitative data not capturing the new tendencies in youth development. The authors combine qualitative and quantitative methods that enhance a possibility to measure new meanings the youth puts into the basic values. This approach made it possible to discover the new youth features that may affect Belarusian development in the near future: its ambivalent self-identification, dominance of pragmatism and individualism. This phenomenon can be considered as a spontaneous reflection to the challenges that Belarus was facing during the post-Soviet transformation.
Observaciones sobre la expresión colocacional de la intensidad en Beuve de Hamptone
Authors: Blanco Escoda Xavier
Published: January 2020

El artículo destaca la importancia del análisis de la expresión colocacional de la intensidad en francés antiguo a partir de ejemplos extraídos del cantar de gesta anglonormando Beuve de Hamptone. Por una parte, se muestra la tendencia de las traducciones al francés moderno a introducir masivamente valores colocacionales ausentes del original. Por otra parte, se presentan y comentan numerosos ejemplos de colocaciones adjetivas, adverbiales y verbales en francés antiguo, tanto colocaciones frecuentes y extendidas como colocaciones de carácter idiosincrático. Se pone de manifiesto hasta qué punto la elección de ciertos colocativos permite caracterizar el estilo de un autor.

Basing on examples from the anglo-norman chanson de geste Beuve de Hampton, this paper emphasizes the importance of analysing the collocational expression of intensity in Old French. On the one hand, we observe the tendency of Modern French translations to massively introduce intensive collocations that are absent in the original text. On the other hand, we present and comment many examples of adjectival, adverbial and verbal collocations in Old French, as well usual and widespread collocations as idiosyncratic ones. We point out how the choice of certain collocatives allows to characterize an author’s style.
Dacia Maraini y el género epistolar: Chiara d'Assisi. Elogio della Disobbedienza
Authors: MIRALLES GUARDIOLA ALMUDENA
Published: January 2020

El género epistolar ha sido muy frecuentemente elegido por Dacia Maraini como un recurso atractivo y eficaz a la hora de hacer llegar el mensaje al lector. El presente trabajo propone un recorrido por las distintas obras en las que la escritora italiana se ha decantado por este formato y lleva a cabo un análisis de la intención de Maraini al elegir el intercambio epistolar en una de sus novelas más recientes: Chiara d’Assisi. Elogio della disobbedienza.

The epistolary genre has profusely been chosen by Dacia Maraini as an appealing and effective resource when it comes to transmit the message to the reader. The present paper suggests a tour through the several works in which the Italian writer has opted for this format and carries out an analysis of Mariani’s intention when choosing the epistolary exchange in one of his most recent novels: Chiara d'Assisi. Elogio della Disobbedienza.
Le picard: histoire d'un patrimoine vivant: Mercedes Banegas Saorín. Engelaere Editions, 2018
Authors: Torres Navarro Marta
Published: January 2020

La obra Le picard : histoire d’un patrimoine vivant pretende descubrirnos que la lengua y la cultura picardas son un patrimonio, una herencia, una riqueza. La docente e investigadora Mercedes Banegas divide su libro en dos grandes bloques, donde se realiza un recorrido a través de la historia de la lengua picarda, para seguidamente estudiar su posición actual desde una perspectiva cultural.
La emergencia de la pulsión incestuosa en "Casa tomada": de la voz al ruido y del ello al yo
Authors: Fernández Lacueva Cristina
Published: January 2020

La indiscutible relevancia del espacio en «Casa tomada» de Julio Cortázar proviene, fundamentalmente, de su naturaleza a la vez física y psíquica. En realidad, la casa es un correlato de la psique del narrador, hasta el punto de que los ruidos invasores encarnan su pulsión incestuosa. Este artículo recoge la correspondencia entre las partes de la casa y las partes de la psique según las dos tópicas freudianas y ofrece una propuesta inadvertida por la crítica: la sección trasera pertenece al superyó, la sección delantera al ego, y la habitación de Irene al ello. Esta nueva interpretación se apoya en el análisis cuatro aspectos obviados por la bibliografía existente: (1) los mecanismos defensivos del narrador, (2) el origen de los ruidos invasores, (3) el significado de los gritos nocturnos de Irene y (4) las diferencias entre los dos personajes en cuanto a la voz narrativa. Un análisis espacial que tenga en cuenta todos estos elementos resuelve en gran medida la ambigüedad del cuento.

The undeniable relevance of space in Julio Cortázar’s «Casa tomada» stems, fundamentally, from its nature both physical and psychic. The house is, in fact, a correlative of the narrator’s psyche in so far as the invading noises embody his incestuous drive. This paper draws on the correspondence between the parts of the house and the parts of the psyche according to Freudian topographical systems and provides a new proposal not signaled by previous critics: the back section belongs to the superego, the front section to the ego and Irene’s room to the id. This interpretation explores four aspects disregarded by the existing bibliography: (1) the narrator’s defence mechanisms, (2) the origin of the invading noises, (3) the meaning of Irene’s night screams, and (4) the differences between the two characters in terms of narrative voice. A spatial analysis which takes all those elements into account could help to solve the story’s ambiguity.
Paris comme espace géo-poétique dans la première étape romanesque de Rouja Lazarova
Authors: Soto Ana Belen
Published: January 2020

La ciudad de París se convierte en un escenario versátil desde un punto de vista representativo en la literatura actual escrita en lengua francesa. Una literatura en la que podemos observar, además, la impronta de los procesos migratorios. En este contexto, podemos hablar de la primera etapa novelesca de Rouja Lazarova como ejemplo paradigmático ya que encontramos tres novelas escritas y basadas en la capital francesa. De tal manera que en un primer momento esbozaremos de la aportación literaria de escritores similares a la autora que presentamos en el presente artículo para considerar seguidamente el papel que desempeña la ciudad en la primera etapa de su producción literaria (1998-2004).

Paris becomes a versatile scenario from a representative point of view in the recent French-language literature. A literature in which we can observe, in addition, the imprint of the migratory processes. In this context, we can speak of Rouja Lazarova’s firs literary period as a paradigmatic exemple since we find three novels written and based on the French capital. In such a way that a first we will outline the literary contribution of writers similar to the author that we present in this article to consider next the role played by the city in the first stage of its literary production (1998-2004).
El superestrato románico: la huella del español, del francés y del occitano en el siciliano contemporáneo
Authors: García Fernández José
Published: January 2020

Sicilia siempre ha sido un enclave disputado por múltiples pueblos que terminarían por modelar la cultura de sus habitantes. En consecuencia, el siciliano se embebió lingüísticamente de las hablas de los sucesivos pobladores de la isla, de entre los que caben destacar, entre otros, los españoles y los franceses. Atentos a esta realidad, este artículo propone un acercamiento a los influjos del castellano, francés y occitano, tres variedades romances que, en forma de superestrato semántico, han influido en la configuración lingüística del siciliano. Sirviéndonos de las voces dialectales empleadas por la palermitana Giuseppina Torregrossa en su primera novela, L’Assaggiatrice, hemos podido corroborar cómo, al igual que hicieran antaño otros especialistas, tanto el dominio iberorrománico como el galorrománico siguen siendo determinantes en la conformación de la lengua siciliana, una variante lingüística aún empleada con frecuencia en la literatura isleña pese al creciente interés social por el italiano estándar desde la unificación del país.

Sicily has always been a territory under dispute by multiple peoples that eventually managed to mold the culture of the inhabitants of the island. As a result, the Sicilian language absorbed the language of the ensuing settlers, particularly Spanish and French. In view of this, this article addresses the analysis of the Spanish, French and Occitan traces, three Romance variants that, through the semantic superstratum, have had an impact on the linguistic configuration of the Sicilian language. With the focus on the dialectal lexicon used by the Palermitan writer, Giuseppina Torregrossa, in her debut novel, L’Assaggiatrice, this study confirms what previous specialized authorities on the field observed in past times: that the Ibero-Romance and Gallo-Romance influence have been, and still are, key to the shaping of the Sicilian language, a linguistic variant that is most frequently used in insular literature regardless of the growing social interest in standard Italian after the unification.
La Biblioteca del Monasterio de El Escorial según algunos viajeros franceses del siglo XVIII
Authors: Aguilá-Solana Irene
Published: January 2020

A partir de un corpus formado por los textos de Vayrac, Saint-Simon, Silhouette, Beaumarchais, Peyron, Bourgoing y Marcillac, publicados tras su estancia en España, este estudio analiza las descripciones y opiniones de dichos autores sobre la biblioteca de El Escorial. Los mencionados escritores franceses del Siglo de las Luces abordan numerosas facetas tales como la distribución y decoración del espacio, las características de los fondos allí conservados, el talante de los monjes al cuidado de la Laurentina, etc. Aunque no todos los viajeros son igual de detallistas y rigurosos a la hora de referirse a la biblioteca escurialense, sus testimonios son parejos en interés porque revelan las distintas perspectivas que desean transmitir a sus contemporáneos.

This study is based on a corpus of texts by Vayrac, Saint-Simon, Silhouette, Beaumarchais, Peyron, Bourgoing, and Marcillac, which were published after their visit to Spain, and it analyses how these authors view and describe the Royal Laurentian Library of the monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial. These Age of Enlightenment authors tackle a wide range of aspects, among which the layout and decoration of the space, the features of the collection, or the attitude of the monks in charge of the works.  While the travellers’ level of detail and rigour with regard to the library of El Escorial may vary, their accounts are nevertheless equally interesting since they reveal the different perspectives that they wish to convey to their contemporaries.
Marcel Schwob, epistolario
Authors: Ríos Romero Francisco
Published: January 2020

Un estudio  de la correspondencia espistolar de Marcel Schwob, escritor francés (1867-1905). Se exponen y analiza la correspondencia familiar y profesional de este escritor con otros escritores y amigos de su época como Mallarmé, Valéry, Claudel, Renard, Gide, Stevenson.  Parte de su correspondencia ha sido editada por Pierre Champion, Marcel Schwob et son temps y J. A. Green, Correspondance Inédite. Una determinada correspondencia fruto de su viaje al hemisferio austral fue publicada como libro de viaje con el titulo de Viaje a Samoa, donde encontramos las cartas enviadas a su mujer Marguerite Moreno.

This article shows and analyzes the interesting correspondence that Marcel Schwob kept up with his family, friends and many writers with he stablished an epistolary relationship on account of his writing profession. Marcel Schwob had a relationship with the most prominent writers and artists in his time, between them, Verlaine, Mallarmé, Valéry, Claudel, Gourmont or Jarry; overall, it was an unrepeatable period for the literature and the art. It will make a special reference to R. - L. Stevenson because his works had an important influence on Schwob who considered Stevenson as a master. The letters sent to his family and to Marguerite Moreno, with he married and who stayed with him to his last day, present a simple man, a close person with daily worries and suffering from a serious disease.
La relación epistolar de Claudio Magris y Biagio Marin
Authors: Esteban Bernabé Encarna
Published: January 2020

En 2014 la editorial Garzanti publica la totalidad de las cartas existentes que durante veintisiete años intercambiaron el germanista y escritor Claudio Magris y el poeta Biagio Marin. La literatura epistolar es un género muy cercano a la psicología o incluso a la filosofía, ya que en la comunicación escrita que se establece entre los interlocutores suele aparecer el yo más profundo de cada uno de los implicados. Este es el caso de la obra que nos ocupa, Ti devo tanto di ciò che sono. Carteggio Magris-Marin. En esas cartas, los dos grandes literatos discuten de filosofía, literatura, teología, historia y política, al tiempo que intercambian noticias y anécdotas de la propia vida. Tanto el estudioso como el lector curioso encontrará en este trabajo claves de comprensión de la obra de estos dos grandes hombres de las letras italianas.

In 2014, Garzanti publishes all the existing letters exchanged for 27 years by the Germanist and writer Claudio Magris and the poet Biagio Marin. The epistolary literature is a genre very close to psychology or even to philosophy, since in the written communication that is established between the interlocutors usually appears the deepest ego of each one of those involved. This is the case of the work that concerns us, Ti devo tanto di ciò che sono. Carteggio Magris-Marin. In these letters, the two great writers discuss philosophy, literature, theology, history and politics, Egeria, witness of the correspondence between women of Christian antiquitywhile exchanging news and anecdotes of their own lives. Both the scholar and the curious reader will find in this work keys of understanding of the work of these two great men of the Italian letters.
Odo de Chériton, Nueve cuentos de gatos
Authors: Darbord Bernard
Published: January 2020

Reseña de Nueve cuentos de gatos, Odo de Chériton
Introducción básica a la poesía
Authors: Saura Sánchez Alfonso
Published: January 2020

Reseña: Francisco Torres Monreal, INtroducción básica a la poesía
Why Engage Frontline Staff When Implementing a New Practice? Five Important Reasons
Authors: Larkin Celine , Logan Deirdre , Anderson Melissa
Published: January 2020

This toolkit provides actionable information, algorithms, and clinical pearls so that obstetric providers and practices can successfully address perinatal mental health conditions.
La formación docente en línea: experiencias con MOOCs en Sonora (México)
Authors: Ballesteros-Ibarra María Lorena , Mercado-Varela Martín Alonso , García-Vázquez Nancy Janett
Published: January 2020

El propósito de este estudio fue conocer las perspectivas que un grupo de profesores del estado de Sonora (México) tienen sobre la formación en línea y sobre los cursos en línea masivos y abiertos (MOOCs, por sus siglas en inglés) “Colección de Aprendizajes Clave”. Estos MOOCs fueron diseñados para dar a conocer a los profesores de educación básica los planteamientos del nuevo modelo educativo derivado de la reforma de 2013. El enfoque aplicado en la investigación fue el cualitativo; los datos se colectaron por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas a seis profesoras de primaria. Las perspectivas de las profesoras en cuanto a la formación en línea se concentraron en las categorías de análisis: formación continua en línea versus presencial, requerimientos de participación de la formación continua en línea, y retos de la formación continua en línea de docentes; y en cuanto a los MOOCs, se categorizaron en: dimensión didáctico-pedagógica de los cursos, masividad y ausencia de tutor, infraestructura tecnológica implementada, y el papel de la autoridad escolar para su implementación. Los hallazgos evidencian una postura abierta de las profesoras hacia la formación en línea; no obstante, su disposición a participar en ella se ve influida por sus experiencias previas en esta modalidad. Asimismo, los hallazgos ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de promover un compromiso conjunto, tanto de autoridades educativas como de maestros, para implementar exitosamente estrategias masivas de formación docente como es el caso de los MOOCs.