bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEWARISAN PADA ETNIS TIONGHOA DALAM PLURALITAS HUKUM WARIS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Benni Beatrix
Published: March 2017

Inheritance law in force in Indonesia is pluralistic.  Inheritance law for ethnic Chinese in Indonesia is the inheritance law Civil West . The use of inheritance law which is based on the classification of this population is not in accordance with the law of political reform era . The method used is the socio legal research with the research results , that ethnic Chinese in West Sumatera Barat wearing inheritance law Civil whereas customary inheritance can only be made during the lifetime of the testator in the form of grants and testament . Against this was not found inheritance dispute in court . Inheritance dispute settlement is done amicably and internal , and not through legal channels .Keywords: Inheritance, Tionghoa, Pluralistic, Inheritance lawHukum waris yang berlaku di Indonesia saat ini bersifat pluralistis. Hukum waris bagi Etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia adalah hukum waris Perdata Barat. Pemakaian hukum waris yang berdasarkan penggolongan penduduk ini sudah tidak sesuai dengan politik hukum era reformasi. Metode yangdigunakan adalah socio legal research dengan hasil penelitian, bahwa  etnis Tionghoa di Sumatera Barat memakai hukum waris Perdata Barat sedangkan pewarisan secara adat hanya dapat dilakukan semasa hidup pewaris dengan  dalam bentuk hibah dan wasiat. Terhadap hal ini tidak ditemukan sengketa waris di pengadilan. Penyelesaian sengketa waris dilakukan secara kekeluargaan dan intern, dan tidak melalui jalur hukum.Kata Kunci: Pewarisan, Tionghoa, Pluralitas, Hukum Waris
ANALISIS ASAS KEADILAN PADA PEMBAGIAN HARTA WARISAN MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Islamiyati Islamiyati
Published: March 2017

Al-Qur’an surah An-Nisa’ sentence 11 dan KHI of section 176 explaining that shares of between men and woman is two comparing one. Inheritance Law of principled Islam form proportional justice, and conception distributive justice its meaning a justice passing to each and everyone based by for its service or its rights.But in certain case, portion of division of heritage cannot that way, so long as there is certain reason is which might of according to Islam law, referred as by this of sulh ( settlement by agreement applying).Al-Qur’an surat An-Nisa’ ayat 11 dan KHI pasal 176 menjelaskan bahwa bagian warisan antara lakilaki dan perempuan adalah dua berbanding satu.Hukum kewarisan Islam berprinsip keadilan berimbang, dan berkonsep keadilan distributif (justice distributife) artinya suatu keadilan yang memberikan kepada setiap orang didasarkan atas hak dan kewajibannya. Namun dalam kasus tertentu,porsi pembagian warisan bisa tidak demikian, asalkan ada alasan tertentu yang diperbolehkan menuruthukum Islam, inilah yang disebut sulh (penerapan jalan damai).
POTENSI WARISAN BUDAYA TRADISIONAL DALAM RANAH HUKUM HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL
Authors: Susilowati Etty
Published: March 2017

Traditional cultural heritage has the potential to constantly evolve , so should receive legal protection, particularly in developing countries that have an interest in protecting the cultural heritage of his people . All of them need serious attention to avoid the use by other parties who are not responsible. For the traditional cultural heritage have time to have a formal legal instrument , since the rules currently owned is still very low and have not been able to provide optimal protectionWarisan budaya tradisional berpotensi untuk selalu berkembang, sehingga  perlu mendapat perlindungan hukum,terutama pada negara-negara berkembang yang mempunyai kepentingan melindungi  kekayaan warisan budaya  bangsanya. Kesemuanya perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang serius untuk menghindari dari pemanfaatan oleh fihak lain yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Untuk itu warisan budaya  tradisional  telah saatnya  memiliki instrumen hukum secara formal, berhubungaturan yang dimiliki saat ini masih sangat minim dan  belum mampu memberikan perlindungan   secara optimal.
FAKTOR KRIMINOGEN ILLEGAL MINING TIMAH DI BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Haryadi Dwi
Published: March 2017

Bangka Belitung’s tin wealth on the downside has led to rampant illegal mining practices. This research aims to determine the root causes of illegal mining. Data collection was done through literature studies, field observations, participant observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with key informants from miners to policy makers, as well as law enforcement officers. The study finds there are eight criminogenic factors, namely tin disorientation governance, political control of tin, tin abundant, areas prone to smuggling, economic needs of the people and the elite, low awareness of law and and environment, nonoptimal guidance and supervision, and ineffective law enforcement.Kekayaan timah Bangka Belitung pada sisi negatifnya telah menimbulkan maraknya praktik Illegal mining. Tujuan penelitian antaralain untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab terjadinya illegal mining. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur, pengamatan lapangan, observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dan FGD yang dengan para key informan dari pelaku tambang sampai pengambil kebijakan, serta aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian ini menemukan ada 8 (delapan) faktorkriminogen terjadinya illegal mining timah, yaitu disorientasi tata kelola pertimahan, politik penguasaan timah, timah yang melimpah, daerah rawan penyelundupan, kebutuhan ekonomi rakyat dan elit, rendahnya kesadaran hukum dan lingkungan, pembinaan dan pengawasan belum optimal dan penegakan hukum yang belum efektif.
JUSTIFIKASI DOKTRIN RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT (RtoP) DALAM BINGKAI ILMU HUKUM BERPARADIGMA PANCASILA
Authors: Sasmini Sasmini
Published: March 2017

This article explores the nature of responsibility to protect (RtoP), whether it contends with state sovereignty and non intervention principles. This article also examines the RtoP justification based on jurisprudence with Pancasila paradigm that is Indonesia special jurisprudence grounded in Pancasilavalues. The emerging of this doctrine has re-interpreted state sovereignty and non intervention principles. The concept of state sovereignty is not absolute anymore. It further argues that the jurisprudence with Pancasila paradigm gives justification for RtoP because the purposes of this doctrine are to givevirtue and substantive justice according to Pancasila values, especially inthe second principle that is justice and civilized humanity.Artikel ini mengeksplor hakikat doktrin responsibility to protect (RtoP), apakah doktrin ini bertentangan dengan prinsip kedaulatan negara dan non intervensi tidak. Artikel ini juga mengkaji justifikasi doktrinRtoP jika dilihat berdasarkan perspektif ilmu hukum berparadigma Pancasila, yaitu ilmu hukum khas Indonesia yang mendasarkan pada nilai-nilai Pancasila untuk memperoleh keadilan substansial.Kemunculan doktrin RtoP ini telah menginterpretasi ulang makna prinsip kedaulatan negara dan non intervensi. Prinsip kedaulatan negara bukan lagi sesuatu yang absolut. Ilmu hukum berparadigma Pancasila memberikan justifikasi pelaksanaan prinsip RtoP karena tujuannya untuk memberikan kebenaran dan keadilan dalam keridhoan Illahi berdasar nilai-nilai Pancasila, yaitu khususnya sila Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab.
PRAKTIK PENGAWASAN RAPERDA DAN PERDA SERTA UPAYA REKONSTRUKSI PENGUJIANNYA SESUAI AMANAT UUD NRI TAHUN 1945
Authors: Rauta Umbu
Published: March 2017

This study aims to assess and analyze the practice of monitoring the current draft legislation and regulation enactment of Law No. 32 of 2004 in conjunction with Law No. 28 of 2009, and efforts to reorganize the (reconstruction) testing system suitable draft legislation and regulations mandated by the Constitution of 1945. The method used in this research is juridical empirical data sources focusing on primary data supported secondary data. Collecting data through interviews and field observationsare supported by the literature study. Based on the results of research that reviewing local regulations and local regulation bill containproblematic, that the level of normative and practical. At thenormative level, there isa difference between setting the cancellation regulations of Law No.32 of 2004 juncto Law No. 23 of 2014by theArticle 24A of the 1945 Constitution. Inpractical level the problematic appears with regard to the scope of the evaluation of draft legislation, the standard of review, the legalform of the review results, follow-upreview, and implementation of filing and testing.Therefore, the system needs to reconstruction of reviewing local regulations and local regulations bill to complywiththe mandate of the 1945 Constitution. Reconstruction concerning the types of review of the local regulations and local regulation bill, and procedural law in local regulation review.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis praktik pengawasan raperda dan perda saat berlakunya UU No. 32 Tahun 2004 juncto UU No. 28 Tahun 2009, dan upaya untuk mengatur kembali (rekonstruksi) sistem pengujian raperda dan perda yang sesuai amanat UUD 1945. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode yuridis empiris dengan sumber data berfokus pada data primer yang didukung data sekunder. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara danpengamatan lapangan yang didukung dengan studi kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa pengujian rancangan peraturan daerah dan peraturan daerah mengandung problematika, baik padatataran normatif dan praksis. Pada tataran normatif, ada perbedaan pengaturan pengujian dan pembatalan perda antara UU No. 32 Tahun 2004 juncto UU No. 23 Tahun 2014 dengan Pasal 24A UUD NRI 1945. Pada tataran praksis problematika berkenaan dengan ruang lingkup evaluasi raperda, batu uji, bentuk hukum hasil pengujian, tindak lanjut pengujian, dan waktu pengajuan dan pelaksanaan pengujian.Oleh karenanya dibutuhkan rekonstruksi sistem pengujian raperda dan perda agar sesuaidengan amanat UUD 1945. Rekonstruksi berkenaan dengan jenis pengujian raperda dan perda serta hukum acara pengujian.
PENERAPAN ASAS KEBEBASAN BERKONTRAK DALAM PEMBUATAN PERJANJIAN FRANCHISE ES TELER 77 (Suatu Pendekatan Normatif)
Authors: Priyono Ery Agus
Published: March 2017

Traditionally, a contract performs based on the result of prior negotiation between the parties, who have an equal bargaining position. Recently the trend shows many businessmen doing their businesses did not base on equal business negotiation, cause of unequal bargaining position but one party already set forth standard requirements in an agreement form, then offers to the other party. The research problem which come up; are the standard requirements in standard contract or agreement not in contrary with Freedom of Contract principle. The research result shows, stronger  party (Franchisor) breached the Freedom of Contract, and consensual principles In contrary many clauses set franchisor rights with a less obligations. Based on the literary study judge has rights to omit the clauses which strongly potential to give disadvantages to one party and give advantages to the other partySecara tradisional suatu perjanjian terjadi berlandaskan asas kebebasam berkontrak di mana dua pihak yang mempunyai kedudukan yang seimbang berusaha untuk mencapai suatu kesepakatan yang diperlukan bagi terjadinya perjanjian itu melalui suatu proses negosiasi diantara mereka. Namun pada dewasa ini kecenderungan makin nyata bahwa banyak perjanjian di dalam transaksi bisnis yang terjadi bukan melaui proses negosiasi yang seimbang di antara para pihak, tetapi perjanjian itu terjadi dengan cara pihak yang satu telah menyiapkan syarat-syarat baku pada suatu formulir perjanjian yang sudah dicetak dan kemudian disodorkan kepada pihak lainnya untuk disetujui. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah apakah  perjanjian baku yang dibuat oleh para pebisnis tidak bertentangan dengan asas kebebasan berkontrak, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan telah terjadi pelanggaran terhadap asas kebebasan berkontrak
ALOKASI ,DISTRIBUSI ZAKAT DAN DANA TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL DI PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Azizah Indah Purbasari Encik Muhammad Fauzan
Published: March 2017

Islamic banking is a financial institution which runs based on the principle of shariah, namely, prohibition of riba and unproductive fund (al-ikhtinaz) and encouraging assistance between others (ta’awun). Therefore, Islamic banking distributes the fund on corporate social responsibility (CSR) program and almsgiving (zakat). However, the funding resource of zakat has not yet cleared whether it is from company profit instead of zakat from officer and customer. Company tends to publish the  CSR program unless it is including the fund of zakat. This research try to explore the resource and distribution pattern of CSR and company zakat as both of them have actually difference in the distrbution due to shariahPerbankan Syariah merupakan institusi keuangan yang menerapkan prinsip syariah yakni menghindari riba, menghindari dana dalam keadaan diam (al-ihtinaz) dan tolong-menolong (ta’awun). Salah satu bentuk prinsip ta’awun, bank syariah mendistribusikan dana tanggung jawab sosial dan zakat. Namun, sumber alokasi dana zakat belum jelas apakah bersumber dari keuntungan perusahaan atau komulatif dengan zakat karyawan dan nasabah.  Prakteknya, perusahaan lebih mempublikasikan dana tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan meskipun termasuk di dalamnya terdapat dana zakat. Penelitian ini mencoba mengupas alokasi dan distribusi dana tanggung jawab sosial dan zakat perusahaan sebab secara syariah keduanya mempunyai hukum yang berbeda dalam pola distribusi
PEROLEHAN DAN HAK WARIS BAGI ISTRI KEDUA, KETIGA, DAN KEEMPAT: Pendekatan Ilmu dan Filsafat Hukum
Authors: Sukardi Didi
Published: March 2017

In Islamic inheritance law is a law derived from the Al-Qur’an the truth of the doctrine or theory is absolutety true, because it is relevation of Allah SWT. Islamic inheritance law is general is a legal theory that is conveyed by Allah SWT throught the prophet Muhammad SAW to be enacted an enacted into law by mankind in the philosophy of law is said to human law. Valid in Islamic inheritance law is absolute because it has been set, discrimination form heir to heir receiver with each other to violate the rulers of inheritance law is concerned, mental attitude is not willing to follow the provisions of Islamic inheritance law and inheritance rights to the acquisition of the second wife, third, or fourth for perpetrators of polygamous marriage, and reason for wanting to master the estate or orther factors, although they know and understand the rules, the provisions of Islamic inheritance lawDalam hukum kewarisan Islam merupakan hukum yang berasal dari Al-Qur’an dimana kebenaran akan ajaran atau teori mutlak benar karena merupakan wahyu dari Tuhan. Hukum kewarisan Islam secara teori umum adalah merupakan hukum yang disampaikan oleh Allah SWT  kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW untuk diberlakukan dan dijadikan hukum oleh umat manusia. Dalam filsafat hukum dikatakan bahwa hukum untuk manusia, dalam Islam berlaku hukum kewarisan Islam merupakan hal mutlak karena telah diatur didalamnya. Permasalahan muncul di dalam penerapannya di masyarakat terutama dalam hal hak dan perolehan istri kedua, istri ketiga dan istri keempat. Adanya diskriminasi dalam pembagian waris yang menyalahi aturan dan ketentuan yang ada serta adanya sikap mental yang tidak atau enggan untuk melakukan dan mengikuti kententuan hukum kewarisan Islam terhadap perolehan dan hak kewarisan terhadap istri kedua, istri ketiga atau keempat bagi pelaku pernikahan poligami dengan alasan ingin menguasai harta peninggalan dan alasan lainnya
REKONSILIASI HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM AGAMA
Authors: Suparmin Suparmin
Published: March 2017

Reconciliation , " Ham Serious Violation " is one form of " political crime " , in which between the perpetrator and the victim there is a relationship of power , the perpetrator was a " ruler " while the victim is " people" . Settlement will not be finished , as long as the structure and power systems perpetuate oppression and arbitrary action . According to Galtung , ' violence is also referred to as structural violence ' , which is unlawful . God's Word , the placement of man as caliph in the earth is Allah 's mandate was responsible for creating consensus for peace , tranquility , order and welfare of the nation and stateRekonsiliasi, “Pelanggaran Ham Berat” adalah salah satu bentuk “Kejahatan Politik”, dimana antara pelaku dan korban ada hubungan kekuasaan, yaitu pelaku adalah “penguasa” sedangkan korban adalah “rakyatnya”. Penyelesaian tidak akan selesai, selama struktur dan sistem kekuasaan melanggengkan penindasan dan tindakan sewenang-wenang.  Menurut Galtung, ‘kekerasan yang terjadi juga disebut sebagai kekerasan struktural’, yang melanggar hukum. Firman Allah, penempatan manusia sebagai khalifah dimuka bumi adalah amanat Allah untuk bertanggung jawab menciptakan musyawarah untuk mewujudkan perdamaian, ketenteraman, ketertiban dan kesejahteraan hidup dalam berbangsa dan bernegara
PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN PADA LEMBAGA LEGISLATIF TAHUN 2014-2019 DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Purwanti Ani
Published: March 2017

Temporary special measures or positive discrimination on woman participation in legislatives, or known as affirmative action has been established since 2004 by Political Party and Legislative Acts packages. This research is using qualitative methods with socio-legal approach, which is combining the two aspects: regulation aspect and non-regulation aspect. It is necessary to combine those two aspect to put the text on the context; relation between law and its underpinned implementation on society. The result from this research show that on 2004, the number of East Java Province Legislative’s members were 100, consists of 85 person male and 15 person female. On the district level, Surabaya is the highest number of woman representation by 34% (17 from 50), Madiun 33,3% (10 from 30), Kediri 33,3% (10 from 30, and Probolinggo 33,3% (10 from 30). The lowest precentage were Bangkalan, Sampang, and Pasuruan whose woman’s precentation were below 3%. The main factor of the low women legislative’s representation number were the patriarch culture, the image of domestic women instead of their public-political actions effecting both of the women electability, male-dominated political party’s culture and their political participation itselfKebijakan khusus dikenal dengan prinsip “ Affirmative Action “ atau diskriminasi positif  telah diterapkan pada UU Partai Politik dan UU Pemilu Legislatif.  Affirmative Action bersifat sementara, sehingga apabila tujuan dan sasaran untuk mencapai kesetaraan telah tercapai atau kelompok-kelompok yang dilindungi telah terintegrasi, maka kebijakan tersebut tidak lagi diterapkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan sosio legal research, Penelitian sosio legal dipilih karena dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat teks dan konsteksnya, juga akan dilihat bagaimana implementasi dan relasi antara UU dengan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di DPRD di Provinsi Jawa Timur terdapat 15 perempuan dari 100 anggota, laki laki 85, sehingga representasi perempuan sebesar 15%.  Kota Surabaya mempunyai representasi 34% (17 dari 50), Madiun 33,3%, Kediri 33,3%, Probolinggo 33,3%, Sampang 2,2%, Pasuruan  3,3% ( 1 dari 30) serta  Bangkalan 0%. Faktor utama rendahnya representasi adalah budaya patriarkhi yang berkelindan diantara stakeholder, yaitu Partai Politik, perempuan dan masyarakat pemilih
MEMBANGUN DAN MENGELOLA KAWASAN PERBATASAN: MENJAGA KEUTUHAN DAN MEMPERTAHANKAN KEDAULATAN INDONESIA
Authors: Herning Sitabuana Tundjung
Published: March 2017

Indonesia should be able to maintain its territorial integrity and its sovereignty, including parts of Indonesia border. The problem is not just to set of and affirmed the border line but how to put the border region as part of Indonesian territory. Efforts to preserve and defend the territorial integrity of Indonesia should be based on the paradigm of welfare (through development and education), and the paradigm of security (to provide protection to the citizens who live in the border area, and to provide protection and supervision of the Indonesian territory in the border area). Development and management of Indonesian territory in the border area should be done in an integrated and sustainable way.
KEDUDUKAN KEKAYAAN NEGARAYANGDIPISAHKAN PADA BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA (BUMN)
Authors: Juliany Henny
Published: March 2017

The aim of research to determine the position of state assets set aside in BUMN. The research method used is normative empirical research by using statutory approach. The research found that the First, implementation of management and accountability for the state against state assets set aside in BUMN aims to provide an important role in contributing to the state revenue for part of the profits of BUMNs will be deposited into the state budget as Non Tax Revenue (non-tax). Second, the wealth of a country that has been transformed into the capital of state enterprises, the management should be in the business paradigm (business judgment rules), but the separation of the wealth of the country has not made   the switch into a state that in spite of the wealth of the country’s wealth .
KEBIJAKAN AFIRMATIF PENGAKUAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN HAK-HAK MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT*
Authors: Sukirno Sukirno
Published: March 2017

This research aim to know and analyse load policy of affirmative, and principles which must there are in regulation recogniting of customary law community rights. Research method used by normative juridical, and then analysed with legal reasoning. Result of research show UUPA, UU No.1/Pnps/1965 and of UU No.24/2013 not yet seen as policy of affirmative because its recognition still accompanied by condition and discrimination. Therefore regulation come have to load four principle, that is based on empirical research, fourth reference norm of Pancasila, affirmative action, and non discrimination.
PERGESERAN POLITIK HUKUM KOPERASI DALAM UU RI NO. 25 TAHUN 1992 DAN UU RI NO. 17 TAHUN 2012 SERTA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NO. 28/PUU RI -XI/2013*
Authors: Budiyono Tri , Indah S Christina Maya
Published: March 2017

This research revealed the shift of political  law as a result  of  implementation  Act of Republic of Indonesia   No.17 of 2012 that reposition Act of Republic of Indonesia No.25of 1992. The implementation of Act of Republic of Indonesia No.17 of 2012 leaved crusial problem because of the lack of values ethic of cooperative. The crucial  problems in Act of  Republic of Indonesia No.17of 2012 related with the reduce of cooperative concept by  limited   as a legal entity. Beside that, the capital aspect   has potential to reduce the value of cooperative, the appointment of cooperative management of non members, and the power of supervisory board of cooperatice, and the distribution of  surplus operating results . The constitutional court with erga omnes character   canceled act of Republic of Indonesia No.17 of  2012 and  maked  transtitional to  re implement Act of Republic of Indonesia No 25 of 1992 as a focus in this research.
PENGESAMPINGAN PRINSIP PERSAMAAN DIMUKA HUKUM ATAS IZIN PEMERIKSAAN PEJABAT NEGARA
Authors: Suka'arsana I Komang , E. Wangga Maria Silvya
Published: March 2017

Prinsip persamaan dimuka hukum (equality before the law) menjadi topik yang menarik untuk dikaji pasca putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 76 PUU-XII/2014. Putusan tersebut mengandung makna 'tidak semua warga negara memiliki kedudukan yang sama dimuka hukum”. Hal ini tercermin dari Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang dapat dibaca, pemeriksaan dan pemanggilan terhadap anggota DPR memerlukan izin presiden. Kaitan yang erat antara ijin Presiden atas pemeriksaan anggota DPR dengan prinsip persamaan dimuka hukum (equality before the law) memperlihatkan bahwa tidak semua warga negara dapat diperlakukan sama dimuka hukum. Tulisan ini mengkaji pengesampingan prinsip persamaan dimuka hukum bagi pejabat negara khususnya DPR. Hasil kajian menyimpulkan pengesampingan prinsip persamaan dimuka hukum hanya bersifat prosedural bukan dalam konteks bebas dari pertanggungjawaban pidana. Untuk itu diperlukan pengawasan atas mekansime izin sehingga tidak menghambat proses persidangan.
UU NO 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA SEBAGAI MANIFESTASI PENEGAKAN PASAL 18 B AYAT (2) UUD NRI TAHUN 1945
Authors: Diamantina Amalia
Published: March 2017

Pasal 18 B ayat (2) UUD NRI menyatakan bahwa negara mengakui dan menghormati kesatuankesatuan masyarakat hukum adat beserta hak-hak tradisionalnya sepanjang masih hidup dan sesuai dengan perkembangan masyarakat dan prinsip NKRI. Diundangkannnya UU No 6/ 2014 tentang Desa merupakan momen penting dalam perkembangan pengaturan desa dan kemajuan desa, hal ini disebabkan karena UU No 6 Tahun 2014 mengatur Desa secara lebih komprehensif bila dibandingkan dengan pengaturan didalam undang undang yang ada sebelumnya. UU No 6/2014 sebagaimana disebutkan dalam penjelasan umumnya menyatakan bahwa tujuan pengaturan desa antara lain adalah untuk memberikan pengakuan dan penghormatan atas desa yang sudah ada dengan keberagamannya sebelum dan sesudah terbentuknya NKRI serta memberikan kejelasan status dan kepastian hukum atas desa dalam sistem ketatanegaraan RI.
TANTANGAN DALAM PENANGANAN DUGAAN PRAKTIK POLITIK UANG PADA PILKADA SERENTAK 2017
Authors: Ananingsih Sri Wahyu
Published: March 2017

Praktik politik uang (money politic) termasuk dalam pelanggaran tindak pidana pemilihan termasuk di Pilkada serentak 2015. Tindak pidana ini seringkali terjadi tetapi sulit untuk diproses. Hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya kendala-kendala yang dihadapi Bawaslu dalam melakukan penanganan yakni tidak adanya norma sanksi pidana, keterbatasan kewenangan Bawaslu dan perbedaan persepsi di Sentra Gakkumdu. Untuk itu upaya yang harus dilakukan dalam Pilkada 2017 adalah melakukan revisi UU dan pemberian kewenangan penuh Bawaslu dalam penanganan pelanggaran pidana pemilihan, termasuk praktik politik uang.
ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN PERKARA PIDANA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM SEBAGAI MEDIA MENUJU KEADILAN
Authors: Rodiah Nur Efa
Published: March 2017

Di Indonesia hukum dan proses hukum formal untuk menggapai keadilan formal masih mahal, berkepanjangan, melelahkan, serta belum menyelesaikan masalah dan adanya praktek korupsi, kolusi dan nepotisme. Salah satu dari berbagai masalah yang menjadikan bentuk keadilan ini terlihat problematik adalah, mengingat terdapat dan dilakukannya satu proses yang sama bagi semua jenis masalah (one for all mechanism). Hal Inilah yang mulai banyak pihak mencari alternatif penyelesaian atas masalahnya.Dalam hukum Islam, dikenal lembaga pemaafan yangdapat diadopsi oleh KUHP dari hukum Islam (ﬁkih jinayah). Lembaga pemaafan dimaksud di sini adalah lembaga alternatif penyelesaian sengketa di luar mekanisme peradilan.
NOTARIS DALAM SENGKETA PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Setyowati Ro'fah
Published: March 2017

Notaris bertanggungjawab terhadap setiap akad yang dibuat. Akad syariah mempunyai karakter khusus. Mengingat salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi sengketa ialah persoalan akad, maka penelitian ini bertujuan menggali tentang tanggungjawab Notaris terhadap akad dalam konteks sengketa perbankan syariah. Jenis penelitian ini ialah yuridis normatif dengan analisis kualitatif. Hasilnya, pada sebagian sengketa, terindikasi bahwa belum banyak Notaris yang paham akad syariah. Sementara, untuk keperluan ini, semestinya ada standarisasi kompetensi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu materi terkait, dalam kurikulum MKn.
KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Kusriyah Sri
Published: March 2017

Kabupaten Demak dengan jumlah penduduk 1.063.763 jiwa , 99,45 ber agama Islam, fakir miskin 198.800 jiwa, zakat merupakan sumber potensial dalam penaggulangan kemiskinan. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis dengan memperhatikan kualitas data yang berupa fakta terjadi dalam praktek maupun dari kepustakaan. Pengelolaan zakat di Kabupaten Demak berdasarkan Keputusan Bupati Demak Nomor 451/20/2010 tentang Pembentukan Badan Amil Zakat Daerah (BAZDA) Kabupaten Demak, dan Keputusan Bupati Demak Nomor: 451/455/2011 tentang Himbauan Berzakat. Ketentuan umum UU No.23/2011 disebutkan zakat adalah kewajiban bagi umat islam yang mampu sesuai syariat islam, zakat merupakan pranata keagamaan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keadilan, kesejahteraan masyarakat dan penanggulangan kemiskinan.
DESAIN DAERAH KHUSUS/ ISTIMEWA DALAM SISTEM NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA MENURUT KONSTITUSI
Authors: Baharudin Baharudin
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai pengaturan daerah khusus/istimewa dalam sistem Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia menurut Konstitusi, dan mengkaji desain ideal daerah khusus/istimewa dalam rangka memperkokoh sistem Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia menurut Konstitusi. Hasil penelusuran menunjukkan desain daerah khusus/istimewa diberikan bagi daerah setingkat provinsi dan daerah setingkat kabupaten/ kota. Desain pemberi an status kekhususan/keistimewaan dalam Negara Indonesia dilandasi berbagai alasan, mulai dari sejarah sampai dengan posisi strategis kenegaraan. Secara teoritis pembentukan otonomi khusus merupakan salah satu cara atau pilihan yang dilakukan oleh suatu negara untuk menjaga keutuhannya (Negara kesatuan).
HAK ATAS RUANG HIDUP SUKU ORANG RIMBA (ONTOLOGI, EPISTEMOLOGI, AKSIOLOGI HUKUM ADAT)
Authors: Erwin Muhamad
Published: March 2017

Kelembagaan hukum adat suku Orang Rimba begitu bertalian dengan keberadaan kosmos hutan Bukit Duabelas. Tulisan ini menelusuri tentang bagaimana konstruksi berpikir ontologi, epistemologi dan aksiologi hukum adat suku Orang Rimba hubungannya dengan hak atas ruang hidupnya di Bukit Duabelas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian empiris dengan pendekatan historis-ﬁlosoﬁs. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa secara ontologi, epistemologi dan aksiologi, substansi hukum adat suku Orang Rimba terletak pada adat mereka sendiri, yang terjadi dari situasi kehidupan mereka ketika berhadapan dengan kondisi alam Bukit Duabelas. Pemahaman tersebut terjadi karena mereka merasa sadar atas interaksinya dengan hutan Bukit Duabelas sebagai ruang hidupnya melalui prinsip humanis, holistik, tanggung jawab dan kontekstualisasi, dimana nilainilai tersebut memiliki keterkaitan satu sama lain.
Decompression illness with hypovolemic shock and neurological failure symptoms after two risky dives: a case report
Authors: Klapa Sebastian , Meyne Johannes , Kähler Wataru , Tillmans Frauke , Werr Henning , Binder Andreas , Koch Andreas
Published: March 2017

Hypovolemia is known to be a predisposing factor of decompression illness (DCI) while diving. The typical clinically impressive neurological symptoms of DCI may distract from other symptoms such as an incipient hypovolemic shock. We report the case of a 61‐year‐old male Caucasian, who presented with an increasing central and peripheral neural failure syndrome and massive hypovolemia after two risky dives. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest and Magnetic resonance imaging scans of the head revealed multiple cerebral and pulmonary thromboembolisms. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Furthermore, the patient displayed hypotension as well as prerenal acute kidney injury with elevated levels of creatinine and reduced renal clearance, indicating a hypovolemic shock. Early hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy reduced the neurological deficits. After volume expansion of 11 liters of electrolyte solution (1000 mL/h) the cardiopulmonary and renal function normalized. Hypovolemia increases the risk of DCI during diving and that of hypovolemic shock. Early HBO therapy and fluid replacement is crucial for a favorable outcome.
Postcolonial Worlds and Translation
Authors: Bassnett Susan
Published: March 2017

This essay looks at the vital role played by translation in the global circulation of texts. It traces the uneasiness about both interlingual and intralingual translation that has prevailed in English literary studies and in Anglophone postcolonial studies, arguing that critiques of a Eurocentric canon have merely resulted in the inclusion of more writers who use only varieties of English. The essay goes on to suggest that as translations are increasingly seen as creative rewritings rather than as copies of a superior original, the notion of translation can be broadened to encompass a wide variety of textual interpretations and the significance of translation as an enabling force in world literature is beginning to be recognised.
Contemporary American Literature as World Literature: Cruel Cosmopolitanism, Cosmopoetics, and the Search for a Worldlier American Novel
Authors: Schoene Berthold
Published: March 2017

With reference to Jennifer Egan’s A Visit from the Goon Squad (2010), Amy Waldman’s The Submission (2011) and Teju Cole’s Open City (2011), the first two parts of the article attempt a reappraisal of contemporary American literature’s world-literary potential by problematizing cosmopolitanism and neoliberal globalization in close relation to 9/11, the ideal of American multiculture and non-American assertions of alterity. Introducing Lauren Berlant’s Cruel Optimism (2011) and Mitchum Huehls’ After Critique (2016), the third part then shifts its focus onto the crisis of the neoliberal condition as lived in America today. Rather than insisting merely on thematic and demographic reprioritization, Berlant and Huehls are shown to strike at the very core of the literary and the human, exposing the ‘cruelty’ of both the novel and cosmopolitanism as residual expressions of a now anachronistic and ultimately harmful optimism regarding national cohesion and global understanding. The article concludes its search for a worldlier, more cosmopoetic American novel with an analysis of George Saunders’ short story collection Tenth of December (2013).
Caribbean Spaces and Anglophone World Literatures
Authors: Rupp Jan
Published: March 2017

Caribbean writing in English highlights the call for a pluralization of world literature(s) in a double sense. It is produced in multiple Caribbean spaces, both domestic and diasporic, and it clearly stands for the extension of what used to be a rather small set of (Western) world literature. Moreover, not least as a legacy of the colonial New World/Old World distinction, visions of the world are at the heart of the Caribbean spatial imaginary as probed in many literary works. This article explores the trajectory of Caribbean spaces and Anglophone world literatures as a matter of migration and circulation, but also in terms of the symbolic translation by which experiences of movement and space are aesthetically mediated. Because of its global span across different locations Caribbean writing in English is constituted as world literature almost by definition. However, some works pursue a more circumscribed concern with domestic spaces and local artistic idioms, which affects their translatability and redefines a conventional ‘from national to world literature’ narrative.
Correlation of physical activity and fitness with arches of the foot in children
Authors: Truszczyńska-Baszak Aleksandra , Drzał-Grabiec Justyna , Rachwał Maciej , Chałubińska Dorota , Janowska Edyta
Published: March 2017

Study aim: Physical activity is crucial for a child’s development, as well as for the development of the foot. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of the level of physical activity and physical fitness with the arches of the foot in children in non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing conditions.

Material and methods: The study population consisted of 92 children aged 10 to 14 years. We assessed their physical fitness with a modified Zuchora test. The modification consisted in choosing three (speed, jumping ability, and flexibility) out of a total of six trials. To assess the physical activity, we used a screening test - the anonymous Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity questionnaire. To analyze the arches of the foot, we used computer equipment based on the Moiré projection method.

Results: Pearson’s chi-squared test did not reveal any significant correlation between physical activity, physical fitness, and longitudinal and transversal arches in children. The percentage of normal and high foot arches increased with increasing levels of physical activity and physical fitness. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test analysis confirmed a statistically significant difference (with p < 0.001) in the longitudinal and transversal arches in measurements in non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing conditions.

Conclusions: 1. In the examined group, there were functional lateral and longitudinal flat feet. 2. A lowered longitudinal arch foot might reduce physical activity and fitness in adolescents.
Paramagnetic micro-particles as a tool for rapid quantification of apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and rivaroxaban in human plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Wiesen Martin H.J. , Blaich Cornelia , Streichert Thomas , Michels Guido , Müller Carsten
Published: March 2017

Background:

Assessment of the anticoagulant activity of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is justified in special clinical situations. Here, we evaluated two independent extraction methods and developed a multi-analyte ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and rivaroxaban in human plasma.

Methods:

Routine extraction based on protein precipitation with acetonitrile and subsequent centrifugation was compared to sample clean-up using commercial paramagnetic micro-particles and subsequent magnetic depletion. Stable isotope-labeled analogs of all analytes were employed as internal standards. The method was validated according to international guidelines in terms of linearity, precision, trueness, sensitivity, recovery and matrix effects. The performances of both extraction methods were assessed in clinical samples obtained from patients treated with either apixaban or rivaroxaban. Additionally, we report on a patient with nonadherence to rivaroxaban treatment and fulminant pulmonary embolism.

Results:

The method was linear from 2 to 500 ng/mL for all analytes, and quantification of DOACs was established within a run time of 2.0 min. Based on MS/MS analyte responses, relative matrix effects were better controlled for dabigatran after extraction with paramagnetic micro-particles. Internal standards fully compensated for recovery and matrix effects in all assays, yielding equivalent results for both methods. Apixaban and rivaroxaban concentrations determined in clinical samples after extraction with both methods were in good agreement (R

Conclusions:

A rapid and accurate multi-component UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of four DOACs in human plasma was established. Paramagnetic micro-particles appear suitable for clean-up of plasma samples for LC-MS/MS-based therapeutic drug monitoring purposes.
Moving sum of number of positive patient result as a quality control tool
Authors: Liu Jiakai , Tan Chin Hon , Badrick Tony , Loh Tze Ping
Published: March 2017

Background:

Recently, the total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay used in a laboratory had a positive bias of 0.03 μg/L, which went undetected. Consequently, a number of post-prostatectomy patients with previously undetectable PSA concentrations (defined as <0.03 μg/L in that laboratory) were being reported as having detectable PSA, which suggested poorer prognosis according to clinical guidelines.

Methods:

Through numerical simulations, we explored (1) how a small bias may evade the detection of routine quality control (QC) procedures with specific reference to the concentration of the QC material, (2) whether the use of ‘average of normals’ approach may detect such a small bias, and (3) describe the use of moving sum of number of patient results with detectable PSA as an adjunct QC procedure.

Results:

The lowest QC level (0.86 μg/L) available from a commercial kit had poor probability (<10%) of a bias of 0.03 μg/L regardless of QC rule (i.e. 1:2S, 2:2S, 1:3S, 4:1S) used. The average number of patient results affected before error detection (ANPed) was high when using the average of normals approach due to the relatively wide control limits. By contrast, the ANPed was significantly lower for the moving sum of number of patient results with a detectable PSA approach.

Conclusions:

Laboratory practitioners should ensure their QC strategy can detect small but critical bias, and may require supplementation of ultra-low QC levels that are not covered by commercial kits with in-house preparations. The use of moving sum of number of patient results with a detectable result is a helpful adjunct QC tool.
Determinants of Distribution Logistics in the Construction Industry
Authors: Bukova Bibiana , Brumercikova Eva , Kondek Pavol
Published: March 2017

Global business is currently still influenced by the economic crisis and the economic development in each country of the EU. The construction sector is among the most affected sectors of the national economies. The production of building material is a part of the construction industry. Several companies of this sector in the European Union use business logistics effectively. The overall efficiency of the company is influenced by many various external and internal determinants, especially the distribution logistics.
The Differential Pressure Signal De-noised by Domain Transform Combined with Wavelet Threshold
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Wang Haihui , Li Chao
Published: March 2017

In the process of estimating the thrust of an aircraft engine, there is a big problem that the differential pressure signal has large fluctuation. To deal with this problem, we develop an effective and robust adaptive de-noising algorithm based on domain transform combined with wavelet transform (D-WT). First, we do the domain transform for the signal, then sample the transformed signal, and finally the wavelet threshold transform is performed for the signal. Compared with the traditional wavelet transforms, the D-WT method filters the noise effectively and keeps more details.
Human papillomavirus first and second generation vaccines–current status and future directions
Authors: Pouyanfard Somayeh , Müller Martin
Published: March 2017

It has been more than 10 years that the first prophylactic papillomavirus vaccine became available, although distribution has been mainly limited to the more affluent countries. The first two vaccines have been a great success, hundreds of millions of women and a much smaller number of men have been vaccinated ever since. In a few countries with high vaccination coverage, in particular Australia but also parts of Great Britain and others, clinical impact of vaccination programs is already visible and there are indications for herd immunity as well. Vaccine efficacy is higher than originally estimated and the vaccines have an excellent safety profile. Gardasil9 is a second generation HPV virus-like particle vaccine that was licensed in 2015 and there are more to come in the near future. Currently, burning questions in respect to HPV vaccination are the duration of protection – especially in regard to cross-protection – reduction of the three-dose regimen and its impact on cross-protection; and duration of response, as well as protection against oropharyngeal HPV infections. Furthermore, researchers are seeking to overcome limitations of the VLP vaccines, namely low thermal stability, cost, invasive administration, limited coverage of non-vaccine HPV types, and lack of therapeutic efficacy. In this review we summarize the current status of licensed VLP vaccines and address questions related to second and third generation HPV vaccines.
On the Conditional Power in Survival Time Analysis Considering Cure Fractions
Authors: Kuehnapfel Andreas , Schwarzenberger Fabian , Scholz Markus
Published: March 2017

Conditional power of survival endpoints at interim analyses can support decisions on continuing a trial or stopping it for futility. When a cure fraction becomes apparent, conditional power cannot be calculated accurately using simple survival models, e.g. the exponential model. Non-mixture models consider such cure fractions. In this paper, we derive conditional power functions for non-mixture models, namely the non-mixture exponential, the non-mixture Weibull, and the non-mixture Gamma models. Formulae were implemented in the
Ocimum gratissimum Linn. Leaf extract inhibits free radical generation and suppressed inflammation in carrageenan-induced inflammation models in rats
Authors: Ajayi Abayomi M. , Ologe Mary O. , Ben-Azu Benneth , Okhale Samuel E. , Adzu Bulus , Ademowo Olusegun G.
Published: March 2017

Background:

Ocimum gratissimum leaf is used in managing rheumatism and other inflammatory conditions. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic extract obtained by sequential methanol extraction of O. gratissimum leaves (MEOg).

Methods:

The methanol extract (MEOg) was obtained after sequential maceration (n-hexane, chloroform and methanol) of dried O. gratissimum leaves. The fingerprint of the extract was obtained using a high-performance liquid chromatrographic method. In vitro effects were tested by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) free radical scavenging, lipoxygenase, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory assays. MEOg was studied for anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema and air pouch inflammation in rats.

Results:

HPLC fingerprint of the extract shows the presence of caffeic acid, rutin, ferulic acid, apigenin, and quercetin. Antioxidant activity of MEOg revealed an IC50 value in DPPH (31.5±0.03 μg/mL) and NO assay (201.6±0.01 μg/mL), respectively. The extract demonstrated strong xanthine oxidase inhibitory and weak antilipoxygenase activities. MEOg (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema by 43.2%. Furthermore, MEOg (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly reduced exudate volume, leucocyte count, neutrophil infiltration, TNF-α, nitrites, myeloperoxidase, and malondialdehyde in carrageenan-induced air pouch inflammation. MEOg also elevated the glutathione levels in the inflammatory exudates.

Conclusions:

MEOg shows potential therapeutic benefits in slowing down inflammation and oxidative stress in chronic diseases, such as arthritis.
Evaluation of vitamin D prophylaxis in 3–36-month-old infants and children
Authors: Ozcan Alper , Kendirci Mustafa , Kondolot Meda , Kardas Fatih , Akın Leyla
Published: March 2017

Background:

Vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) is still a population-based health problem that affects people at different ages. The aim of this study was to evaluate VD prophylaxis for the prevention of VDD in (3–36)-month-old infants and children.

Methods:

Infants and children aged between 3 and 36 months, with different etiologies, admitted to outpatient and inpatient clinics from October 2010 to October 2011 at the Children’s Hospital of Erciyes University, were enrolled for the study. Their VD intake (if used; time of initiation, dosage and compliance) and nutritional status (breast-fed, formula or complementary fed) were noted. In order to study seasonal VD changes, the levels of serum calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, alkaline phosphatase activity (PLA), plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25 hydroxyvitamin 25(OH)D levels were measured at the beginning of VD supplementation during the four seasons.

Results:

A total of 316 subjects were enrolled in the study, consisting of 202 (63.9%) outpatient and 114 (26.1%) inpatient groups. From these subjects, 304 (96.2%) were supplemented with VD; whereas 12 (3.8%) were not. Out of the subjects supplemented with VD, 237 (75%) initiated VD after the second week of life, 267 (87.8%) were given three drops of VD daily and 209 (66.1%) had taken VD regularly. The plasma 25(OH)D levels were found to be lower in the inpatient group than the outpatient group (29.35 ng/mL and 34.35 ng/mL, respectively). The plasma 25(OH)D levels were lower during the spring and winter. VDD and VD insufficiency (VDI) was found in 31 (9.8%) and 30 (9.5%) subjects, respectively.

Conclusions:

The plasma 25(OH)D levels were lower in inpatient and breast-fed only subjects and in winter and spring. The national VD augmentation program seems to be beneficial for the prevention of VDD, but VDD/VDI seems to still be an important health problem.