bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A less simplistic metaphysics: Peirce’s layered theory of meaning as a layered theory of being
Authors: Champagne Marc
Published: January 2016

This article builds on C. S. Peirce’s suggestive blueprint for an inclusive outlook that grants reality to his three categories. Moving away from the usual focus on (contentious) cosmological forces, I use a modal principle to partition various ontological layers: regular sign-action (like coded language) subsumes actual signaction (like here-and-now events) which in turn subsumes possible sign-action (like qualities related to whatever would be similar to them). Once we realize that the triadic sign’s components are each answerable to this asymmetric subsumption, we obtain the means to track at which level of complexity semiosis finds itself, in a given case. Since the bulk of such a “trinitarian” metaphysics would be devoted to countenancing uninterpreted phenomena, I argue that current misgivings about sign-based ontologies are largely misplaced.Includes: Comment. Semiotics is not metaphysics by Jean-Marie Chevalier (pp. 553–559).
Recent studies on signs: Commentary and perspectives
Authors: Pietarinen Ahti-Veikko
Published: January 2016

In this commentary, I reply to the fourteen papers published in the Sign Systems Studies special issue on Peirce’s Theory of Signs, with a view on connecting some of their central themes and theses and in putting some of the key points in those papers into a wider perspective of Peirce’s logic and philosophy.
FLUXOS DE PRODUTOS E SUBPRODUTOS DE VIDROS NA CADEIA DA INDÚSTRIA DE VIDROS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Nascimento Anderson , Vale Natalia Gonçalves Pires , Silva Tatiana Maria Bernardo
Published: January 2016

O vidro é um produto/insumo que se encaixa em um programa de logística reversa. Seu processo de reciclagem oferece uma redução significativa no consumo energético de produção, e a redução do volume de lixo em aterros sanitários. Um material, que possui até maior potencial de reciclagem que as garrafas PET, não recebe a mesma atenção dispensada a este. Este trabalho analisa a estrutura de logística reversa presente na comercialização de vidros. Para isso, entrevistas com todos os agentes do processo de reaproveitamento do material. Notou-se que o processo de reaproveitamento do vidro poderia mesmo ter a sua definição como um processo de logística reversa questionada, já que a sua existência deve-se à iniciativa de autônomos e por não haver uma organização que se responsabilize pela coordenação deste processo.
A GESTÃO DAS MULHERES EM ORGANIZAÇÕES NÃO-GOVERNAMENTAIS
Authors: Figueredo Patrícia Maria , Dellagnelo Eloíse Helena Livramento
Published: January 2016

Este artigo busca avaliar se as práticas organizacionais empreendidas por mulheres dirigentes em uma ONG se distanciam significativamente, a ponto de promover uma ruptura, da administração burocrática tradicional, na qual impera a lógica de mercado em detrimento da realização humana por meio do controle sofisticado imposto sobre seus membros. Com esse intuito, realizou-se um estudo descritivo aplicado em uma ONG beneficiada pelo financiamento de um projeto por um programa do governo federal cuja finalidade é a promoção da diversidade cultural no país. A técnica de coleta de dados empreendida correspondeu à aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os resultados obtidos pela pesquisa indicam que as práticas organizacionais implementadas são mais condizentes ao arquétipo da administração hegemônica do que a um caráter alternativo, em função principalmente da centralização observada, embora tenha se constatado a presença de elementos inerentes à racionalidade substantiva.
Atitudes de Consumidores de Baixa Renda em Relação às Restrições ao Lazer
Authors: Rocha Ana Raquel , Araujo Fabio Francisco de , Motta Paulo Cesar
Published: January 2016

O estudo das restrições de lazer busca entender o impacto das restrições de lazer sobre os consumidores. Este estudo investiga a maneira pela qual as pessoas classificadas como de baixa renda se utilizam de estratégias para diminuir as restrições ao lazer a que são submetidas. Por meio de entrevistas semi estruturadas, observa-se que: 1) há uma dose de prazer em ficar casa ou perto dela, representativa de lazer para este grupo; 2) que aquilo que restringe o lazer do entrevistado não se limita exclusivamente à falta de dinheiro, 3) que sua percepção do que é um lazer típico no Rio pode não corresponder aos seus desejos de lazer particulares, de forma que o consumidor não se sente restringido e 4) que sua principal queixa foi direcionada às restrições ligadas às viagens. Os entrevistados trabalham na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, residem distante das principais áreas de lazer da cidade e levam mais de uma hora em seu deslocamento para o trabalho, diariamente. Não foram identificadas características de negociação das restrições de lazer, como proposto pela literatura, dando indícios de que o lazer de que se dispõe é percebido como positivo e satisfatório.
Práticas de inovação em empresa familiar: estudo de caso
Authors: Borges Alex Fernando , Lima Juvêncio Braga de , Andrade Daniela Meirelles
Published: January 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em compreender a construção de práticas de inovação em empresas familiares. Para tanto, foi efetuado um estudo de caso, junto a uma organização familiar do setor de cachaça artesanal, situada no Estado de Minas Gerais. A análise dos resultados permitiu verificar a construção de práticas de inovação, envolvendo um equilíbrio entre inovações de ruptura, a partir de novos produtos e métodos de produção e da exploração de novas oportunidades de negócio, e de inovações incrementais, envolvendo melhorias contínuas em atividades já desempenhadas pela empresa. Esse movimento, por sua vez, acaba por gerar possibilidades para a renovação estratégica da empresa familiar estudada, contribuindo para a sua longevidade. Conclui-se que a inovação, enquanto ação empreendedora, permite a construção de empresas familiares inovadoras, uma categoria teórica em potencial a ser explorada no campo de pesquisas sobre empresas familiares.
Estratégias de incubação para minimizar as incertezas da ação empreendedora
Authors: Noronha Nayara Silva de , Santos Thaís Cristine de Souza , Castro Cléber Carvalho de , Barbosa Déborah Mara Siade
Published: January 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as estratégias das incubadoras de empresas de base tecnológica para reduzir as incertezas institucionais e psicológicas que permeiam a ação empreendedora de suas incubadas, sob a perspectiva dos gestores das incubadoras. Assim, realizou-se um estudo empírico de casos múltiplos, qualitativo, com gestores de duas incubadoras, sendo uma localizada em Minas Gerais e a outra no estado de Goiás. Foram analisadas nove tipos de incertezas presentes no processo de incubação. Contudo, as incubadoras demonstram-se capazes de contribuir, de modo significativo, para minimizar a influência apenas das incertezas mercadológicas, financeiras e o excessivo desejo de mudança.
Gestão participativa no terceiro setor em organizações cearenses
Authors: Nogueira Ana Rita Rogério Maia , Bizarria Fabiana Pinto de Almeida , Tassigny Mônica Mota
Published: January 2016

Esta pesquisa busca abordar a gestão participativa e sua aplicação na gestão destas organizações, apresentando as origens do conceito do terceiro setor, seu desenvolvimento e características. Objetiva-se responder a seguinte pergunta: as organizações não governamentais (ONGs) e as organizações da sociedade civil de interesse público (OSCIPs) executam de fato uma gestão participativa, contribuindo para uma transformação social? Utilizou-se a pesquisa de natureza fenomenológica-interpretativa e qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário semiestruturado, tendo como método a análise de conteúdo dos discursos dos entrevistados. O percurso teórico-empírico possibilitou a constatação de que existe participação por parte dos funcionários nas atividades, o que caracteriza uma busca da execução da gestão participativa, nas ONGs e OSCIPs pesquisadas.
Mapeando a produção científica sobre Economia Criativa em periódicos nacionais e internacionais de 2000 a 2013
Authors: De Almeida Aline Santos , Teixeira Rivanda Meira , Luft Maria Conceição Melo Silva
Published: January 2016

Os estudos sobre a economia criativa tem crescido significativamente em muitas economias desenvolvidas e em desenvolvimento e pesquisas sobre essa temática estão cada vez mais institucionalizadas. Este estudo pretende descrever e analisar a produção cientifica que aborda esta temática em periódicos nacionais e internacionais publicados no período entre 2000 a 2013. Especificamente pretende apontar as principais temáticas e teorias abordadas nos estudos nacionais e internacionais e analisar as abordagens metodológicas adotadas nesses estudos.  A amostra foi constituída de noventa e uma publicações obtida pela busca no portal de Periódicos Capes.  Constatou-se que as publicações nacionais são mais voltadas para a indústria cultural, tem como tema central a educação, a abordagem teórica mais adotada é a Teoria Crítica e são, essencialmente, teóricos. Por sua vez; as publicações internacionais são direcionadas para a indústria criativa, tem como tema central a gestão dessas indústrias, a abordagem teórica mais utilizada é a Teoria do Capital Criativo e são, em sua maioria, teórico-empíricos.  Destaca-se o aumento no número de publicações ao longo dos anos, a diversidade de temáticas abordadas e o baixo índice de artigos quantitativos. Com base em conclusões, limitações e implicações encontradas nas publicações analisadas, são apresentadas sugestões para futuros estudos, de modo a contribuir para a consolidação do campo de estudo.
Can inflation forecast and monetary policy path be really useful? The case of the Czech Republic
Authors: Szyszko Magdalena , Tura Karolina
Published: January 2016

Producing and revealing inflation forecast is believed to be the best way of implementing a forward-looking monetary policy. The article focuses on inflation forecast targeting (IFT) at the Czech National Bank (CNB) in terms of its efficiency in shaping consumers’ inflation expectations. The goal of the study is to verify the accuracy of the inflation forecasts, and their influence on inflation expectations. The research is divided into four stages. At the first stage, central bank credibility is examined. At the second stage – accuracy of the inflation forecasts. The next step of the research covers a qualitative analysis of IFT implementation. Finally, the existence of the interdependences of inflation forecast, optimal policy paths and inflation expectations is analyzed. Credibility of the central bank, accuracy of the forecast and decision-making procedures focused on the forecast are the premises for the existence of relationship between forecasts and expectations. The research covers the period from July 2002 – till the end of 2013. Its methodology includes qualitative analysis of decision-making of the CNB, quantitative methods (Kia and Patron formula, MAE forecasts errors, quantification of expectations, non-parametric statistics). The results confirm the existence of interdependences between inflation forecasts and expectations of moderate strength. The preconditions of such interdependences are partially fulfilled. The research opens the field for cross-country comparisons and for quantification of IFT implementation.
Estimation of export specialization: Lithuanian case
Authors: Bernatonyte Dalia
Published: January 2016

This paper investigates the nature and pattern of export specialization in Lithuania. The aim of this paper is to estimate the nature and pattern of Lithuanian export specialization under the existing conditions. Seeking to define the nature and pattern of export specialization, the basic methods of export specialization measurement and the nature and pattern of export specialization in trade between Lithuania and the EU are determined. For measurement of the pattern of export specialization in Lithuania two approaches are adopted. The index of export specialization is used to determine the pattern of comparative advantage. Secondly, trade dissimilarity index is used to predict structural changes in Lithuanian exports. Using these methods of measurement and standard international trade classification (SITC), the nature and pattern of Lithuanian export specialization was determined. It was found that the biggest flows from Lithuania to the EU are in the following groups: food, drink and tobacco; raw materials; mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials. These calculation results show the main directions of nature and pattern of export specialization. This research could be useful for preparing and forecasting the possibilities of Lithuanian export development.
Influence of unemployment benefit on duration of registered unemployment spells
Authors: Bieszk-Stolorz Beata , Markowicz Iwona
Published: January 2016

The purpose of the article is to present the analysis of the influence of unemployment benefit on the duration of registered unemployment spells. The authors made a hypothesis that the very fact of receiving the benefit extends the job seeking time and determines the intensity of unemployment exit. The power of this influence varies depending on a subgroup the unemployed person belongs to. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the Poviat Labour Office in Sulecin. The data were collected as a part of the European Union project implementation. The analysis covered two periods of time – before and after Poland’s accession to the European Union and the subsequent changes in legal regulations concerning unemployment benefits. The authors observed separate cohorts of the unemployed registered in 2001 and 2005. The closing dates of the observations were: the end of 2003 and 2007, respectively. Also, the authors examined whether the EU projects implemented after 2004 had an effect on the length of the unemployment spells as well as on the intensity of the unemployment exit. The study confirmed the research hypotheses. The fact of claiming the unemployment benefit prolonged the unemployment spells in both periods of observation. The loss of the right to the benefit increased the probability of de-registration in each sub-group.
Efficacy of the nurse ethicist in reducing moral distress: what can the NHS learn from the USA?
Authors: Morley Georgina
Published: January 2016

Having first been introduced to nursing 30 years ago, ‘moral distress’ is not a new concept. Despite this, original research exploring moral distress has been largely absent from nursing literature produced in the UK, yet it has received increasing interest in the USA. Nurse researchers there have sought to explore, measure and understand moral distress. They are now beginning to develop and test ways in which the effects of moral distress can be reduced. The author of this article travelled to various institutions on the east coast of the USA to meet nurses leading the field of research into moral distress. This is the first of two interrelated articles that seek to explore the concept of moral distress. Drawing on both the author's experiences while in the USA and current literature, moral distress will be defined, its known effects described, and ways that nurses can mitigate its effects at a personal level discussed.
Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis and total hip or knee replacement
Authors: Frostick Simon
Published: January 2016

Pharmacological and mechanical thromboprophylaxis reduces the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing total knee/hip replacement (TKR/THR). Nurses play a key role in VTE prevention through clinical care, before and after discharge from hospital, and patient education. Conventional pharmacological agents for VTE prophylaxis include low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) and fondaparinux. However, parenteral administration, increased bleeding risk, and patient/physician non-adherence to treatment and guidelines, are important limitations. Three non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants—dabigatran etexilate, rivaroxaban and apixaban—are available in the UK for VTE prevention following THR/TKR. In common with LMWHs and fondaparinux, these offer rapid onset of action and fixed doses without the need for routine coagulation monitoring. An agent for emergency reversal of dabigatran is in development, while there is no antidote for fondaparinux and LMWHs can be partially neutralised by protamine. Oral administration may result in better adherence to treatment and guidelines, reducing the nurse burden after discharge, and enhancing cost-effectiveness.
Flora da Bahia: Menyanthaceae
Authors: Giulietti Ana Maria , Izabel Tasciano Dos Santos Santa , Oliveira Reyjane Patricia
Published: January 2016

The floristic survey of the Menyanthaceae from Bahia, Brazil, is presented as a further contribution to the knowledge of the Flora of that State. Only Nymphoides humboldtiana was recognized for Bahia; N. indica, previously cited for Brazil, is restricted to the Old World. Descriptions of the family, genus and species, illustrations, and general notes on the species are presented.
Arthurian Things
Authors: Kelly Kathleen Coyne
Published: January 2016

This article is an object-oriented inquiry into the material but imaginary objects associated with King Arthur and Arthurian legend.
Berths and Anchorages: Pacific Cultural Studies from Oceania
Authors: Kauvaka Lea Lani Kinikini
Published: January 2016

The canoe has been a dominant metaphor constituting the discursive growth of Pacific studies in its transformation from a multidisciplinary to interdisciplinary project. In the first half of this essay I grapple with extending the canoe metaphors discussed by Vicente Diaz and J Kēkaulani Kauanui in their 2001 article “Native Pacific Cultural Studies on the Edge,” and in the latter part I discuss programming at the Oceania Centre for Arts and Culture and Pacific Studies at the University of the South Pacific. Not wholly rejecting the “seductive metaphor” of Pacific studies as an interdisciplinary canoe between fields of study, my intention rather is to seek how to expand the metaphor productively toward anchorages and berths to produce homegrown theorizing of our intellectual practices, including creative practices. Practice-based research paradigms are increasingly being utilized in Pacific studies, and this kind of re-engagement with the discourse is productive. For a more holistic and pragmatic as well as intellectual and political Pacific studies, the canoe must make landfall, to complete a hermeneutic circle that began with the theoretical placing of the canoe as the animus of the interdisciplinary project in 2001.
Local Norms and Truth Telling: Examining Experienced Incompatibilities within Truth Commissions of Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste
Authors: Guthrey Holly L.
Published: January 2016

In recent decades, transitional justice processes have increasingly placed a focus on victims of mass violence, which has been particularly noticeable in truth commissions. Although truth commissions have become more “victim-centered” over time, there is little empirical research that examines what this actually portends for victims in practice, particularly in terms of how these institutions interact with local norms and sociocultural values. To begin addressing this gap, this article highlights several findings from nineteen semi-structured interviews conducted in Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste, which suggest that the truth-commission processes in each country may have missed the mark in terms of respecting the socio-cultural values as well as local norms and expectations of those who participated in their national public hearings. Based on the data obtained from this study, it appears that ignoring sociocultural values and local norms may cause negative consequences for victims, including hindering their ability to move beyond their past trauma as well as inciting distress, worry, and confusion. The findings presented in this article draw attention to potentially problematic issues that arise within truth commissions when local norms and values are ignored; the hope is that this will help substantiate the need for developing culturally sensitive and locally relevant transitional justice processes, thus contributing to both theory and practice in the field of transitional justice.
Musical Melanesianism: Imagining and Expressing Regional Identity and Solidarity in Popular Song and Video
Authors: Webb Michael , Webb-Gannon Camellia
Published: January 2016

This article identifies and explores an emerging tendency among Melanesians to reenvision their region for the present time. It examines a corpus of popular songs and accompanying videos produced over the last decade that promote regional identity, a phenomenon driven by four factors: diasporic experience as well as a general increase in mobility and global awareness; dissatisfaction with the ruling class; desire to counter negative portrayals of the region abroad; and deep concern over the deprivation of fellow Melanesians’ rights to political autonomy. The article demonstrates that this reenvisioning of Melanesianism reiterates key themes of the region’s seminal postcolonial thinkers, Epeli Hau‘ofa, Walter Lini, Bernard Narokobi, and Jean-Marie Tjibaou; at the same time it develops the concept of wantok-ism and elaborates the idea of “one skin” or blackness as distinctive, thus turning the pejorative associations and experiences of being labeled the black “nesia” into a feature to celebrate. Analysis in the article is guided by a framework that considers the lyrical, musical, and visual devices through which musical Melanesianism is being articulated and projected: mapping, flagging, dancing, and vocality—devices from the “do-it-yourself kit” for performing regionalism.
A Puzzle about Fictions in the Treatise
Authors: Cottrell Jonathan
Published: January 2016

I present a hitherto unremarked conflict involving Hume’s claim that certain “fictions of the imagination”—like that of an unchangeable, yet enduring object—are “improper,” “inexact,” or not “strict.” I argue that this claim is inconsistent with other commitments that he has, concerning how the imagination produces fictions and how we form general representations. I consider several ways in which he would likely respond to this charge, and argue that he cannot consistently accept any of them. I conclude that we face an unsolved puzzle: how best to develop or amend Hume’s views, so as to remove the conflict that I have identified?
Dual Function of DNA Sequences: Protein-Coding Sequences Function as Transcriptional Enhancers
Authors: Hirsch Naama , Birnbaum Ramon Y.
Published: January 2016

Most of our genome comprises noncoding sequences that include diverse transcriptional regulatory elements, such as enhancers, while only ~1.5% of the genome codes for proteins. Nevertheless, DNA sequences that code for protein (exons) can also function as enhancers (eExons) that regulate transcription. Mutations in eExons can lead to multiple phenotypes due to their dual function. The prevalence of protein-coding sequences that possess transcriptional regulatory function (such as eExons) and the consequences of their mutations are not well described. Using advanced sequencing technologies, protein-coding sequences were analyzed for their potential regulatory function in mammalian cells and found to be overrepresented in the genome (>6%). Dissection of the enhancer activity of eExons at single nucleotide resolution in liver cells has demonstrated that: (1) most nucleotide changes with high impact effect are deleterious; (2) deleterious enhancer mutations are correlated with the location of transcription factor-binding sites; (3) synonymous and non-synonymous mutations have similar effects on enhancer activity; and (4) the transcription factor repertoire that controls the activity of enhancers differs across cell types, indicating differences in deleterious mutation profiles. Thus, eExon mutations can disrupt both protein structure and enhancer activity with differential effect across cell types, suggesting that a mutation in a gene could cause a phenotype that has nothing to do with its protein-coding function but is due to its additional hidden regulatory function.
Pseudoalleles and Gene Complexes: The Search for the Elusive Link Between Genome Structure and Gene Function
Authors: Morange Michel
Published: January 2016

After their discovery in the first decades of the 20th century, pseudo-alleles generated much interest among geneticists, because they apparently violated the conception of the genome as a collection of independent genes, a view elaborated by Thomas Morgan’s group. This article focuses on two issues: the way the phenomenon of pseudoallelism suggests that the genome is more than a simple addition of independent genes, and the connection established between the formation of pseudoalleles during evolution and their functional roles. The article discusses the first explanations for the origin of pseudoalleles elaborated in the mid-1930s, the metabolic/developmental sequential model proposed by Ed Lewis in the 1950s, the disappointments encountered with the T -complex in the 1970s, and the fading of the previous models after the molecular characterization of the pseudoallelic gene complexes in the 1980s. Genomes are more than collections of genes, but their structures are the result of a complex evolutionary history that leaves no place for simplistic models.
Drones, Projections, and Ghosts: Restaging Virtual War in Grounded and You Are Dead. You Are Here .
Authors: Evans Christine
Published: January 2016

The United States relies increasingly upon digital technologies and live-virtual mixed-reality environments to prepare for, pursue, and recover from asymmetrical war. However, Iraqis and Afghans modeled in such systems are structurally excluded from occupying their “first-person-shooter” viewpoints. This essay recasts Emma Willis’s use of Levinasian ethics and Judith Butler’s proposal that war’s framing excludes certain subjects from full humanity to address the obstacles and opportunities for ethical spectatorship that virtual war’s structural occlusions pose to theatre. It does so by investigating how two recent US plays, George Brant’s Grounded and Christine Evans’s You Are Dead. You Are Here ., which incorporates Virtual Iraq and was written by this essay’s author, interrogate virtualized war to reframe and restage absent Iraqi and Afghan perspectives and human consequences. The essay argues that despite their achievements, the “hero’s journey” structure of both plays, in concert with the wider public framing of war via the military-industrial-entertainment network, nevertheless reframed the Other as a vehicle for the Western soldier-subject’s cathartic crisis. Expanding on Doreen Massey’s vision of space as multiple trajectories rather than a depthless surface, the essay concludes that thick mapping, such as that modeled by the Digital Archive of Japan’s 2011 Disasters (JDA), offers new options for performances engaging virtualized war, allowing them to de-couple narrative structure and spectatorship by generating heterotopic and heterogeneous interpretative spaces.
Mundane, private, visible: Performing ordinary bodies in Intimate Exposure Projects
Authors: Hagen Lisa Hall
Published: January 2016

The physical body locates an intersection of public communication and private subjectivity that is particularly interesting when used to convey messages of lived experience to the public through art. This article creates a definition for ‘Intimate Exposure Projects’ (IEPs), which seek to use a body coded as private to represent personal experience to a public viewer. Exploring fine art photography, live performance and the media, this article argues that, despite some crucial problems with feminist thought and intersectional identity, these IEPs are evidence of people’s desire (particularly women) to break down damaging notions of a body unsuitable for public view in order to make bodily narratives less fictional.
Aesthetics and human flourishing in the good society: Perspectives from applied social science and critical theory on the social value of aesthetic practices
Authors: Halsall Francis
Published: January 2016

The central claim in this article is simple: aesthetic activities make society better. They are essential for the so-called good society. Specifically it is argued that aesthetic reflection contributes to what Maeve Cooke calls ‘human flourishing’. Vocabularies from the two dominant discourses in social analysis are surveyed: (1) Applied Social Science, which is, generally speaking, empirically grounded and sits within a tradition of Positivism in relation to social analysis and (2) Critical Theory, which is more theoretical, speculative and sits within a Marxian tradition of social theory. First, I introduce the instrumental use of aesthetic practices and vocabularies that I want to oppose. This is done through a brief account of some ways in which creative practice can be used in forms of neo-liberal governance. Second, I survey and compare the use of aesthetics in Applied Social Science and Critical Theory. As I discuss, despite their differences both employ an understanding of the good society based on human flourishing. I conclude by offering three ways in which aesthetic practices contribute to human flourishing: (1) through fostering individual flourishing; (2) as a form of political imagination; and (3) as a model of discourse not regulated by truth.
Book Reviews
Authors: Child Danielle , Hutchinson Mark
Published: January 2016

Out of Time, Out of Place: Public Art (Now), Claire Doherty (ed.) (2015) London: Art Books, 256 pp., ISBN: 9781908970176, h/bk, £29.99

Transmission Annual: Labour Work Action , Michael Corris, Jaspar Joseph-Lester and Sharon Kivland (eds) (2013) London: Artwords Press, 176 pp., ISBN: 9781906441319, p/bk, £14.50
TREATMENT OF NATURAL GAS BY ADSORPTION OF CO2
Authors: Hádková Kristýna , Tekáč Viktor , Ciahotný Karel , Beňo Zdeněk , Vrbová Veronika
Published: January 2016

Apart from burning, one of the possible uses of natural gas is as a fuel for motor vehicles. There are two types of fuel from natural gas — CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) or LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). Liquefaction of natural gas is carried out for transport by tankers, which are an alternative to long-distance gas pipelines, as well as for transport over short distance, using LNG as a fuel for motor vehicles. A gas adjustment is necessary to get LNG. As an important part of the necessary adjustment of natural gas to get LNG, a reduction of CO2 is needed. There is a danger of the carbon dioxide freezing during the gas cooling. This work deals with the testing of adsorption removal of CO2 from natural gas. The aim of these measurements was to find a suitable adsorbent for CO2 removal from natural gas. Two different types of adsorbents were tested: activated carbon and molecular sieve. The adsorption properties of the selected adsorbents were tested and compared. The breakthrough curves for CO2 for both adsorbents were measured. The conditions of the testing were estimated according to conditions at a gas regulation station — 4.0MPa pressure and 8 °C temperature. Natural gas was simulated by model gas mixture during the tests. The breakthrough volume was set as the gas volume passing through the adsorber up to the CO2 concentration of 300 ml/m3 in the exhaust gas. The thermal and pressure desorption of CO2 from saturated adsorbents were also tested after the adsorption.
MULTILAYER COATINGS Ti/TiN, Cr/CrN AND W/WN DEPOSITED BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING FOR IMPROVEMENT OF ADHESION TO BASE MATERIALS
Authors: Horník Jakub , Krum Stanislav , Tondl David , Puchnin Maxim , Sachr Pavel , Cvrček Ladislav
Published: January 2016

The paper deals with evaluation of single and multilayer layer PVD coatings based on Cr and Ti widely used in tool application. Additionally, W and WN based coating which are not so widespread were designed and deposited as functionally graded material. The coatings properties were evaluated from the point of view of hardness and adhesion. The hardness measuring was carried out using nanoindentation method. The scratch test was performed to test adhesion. Moreover, the presence of metallic interlayer in functionally graded materials further increases the coating adhesion by gradually approaching its composition to the substrate. Coatings consisting of W and WN have showed very good adhesion. With regard to the results of the scratch test, the multilayer coatings of CrN, TiN and WN have increased adhesion and can be assumed to have their protective function improved. Results will be appliedin development of functionally graded layers for functionally graded materials.
Intrauterine nutrition: fetal programming of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Dzgoeva Fatima Khadzhimuratovna
Published: January 2016

Research investigating the early programming includes studies addressing the role of intrauterine nutrient availability, which is determined by maternal nutrition. This review will explore the epidemiological evidence for programming of metabolic disease and it will also discuss evidence for the proposed molecular mechanisms and the potential for intervention.
Sibutramine: efficacy and safety of prescribing in routine clinical practice
Authors: Romantsova Tat'yana Ivanovna
Published: January 2016

The 17th European Congress of endocrinology was held in Dublin in May 2015. Within the section «Obesity» the preliminary results of the observational program "PRIMAVERA" in the form of an oral report were presented. This article presents a brief review of the literature, reflecting the issues of mechanism of action, efficacy and safety of sibutramine and also includes an extended version of the main provisions of the report.
An analysis of the objective and subjective evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of morbid obesity
Authors: Egiev Valeriy Nikolaevich , Mayorova Yuliya Borisovna , Zorin Evgeniy Aleksandrovich , Мелеshko Anastasiya Vladimirovna , Orlovskaya Ekaterina Sergeevna
Published: January 2016

The results of surgical treatment of morbid obesity usually considers a variety of factors and the main attention is paid to the dynamics of body weight after surgery. It is generally accepted that in the absence of reducing excess body weight or with minimum weight loss (a few kilograms), the result is considered unsatisfactory. The aim of the work was to compare an objective assessment of gastric bypass (GBS) and gastric banding (GB) and the subjective evaluation of treatment effectiveness by patients themselves. The study included 457 (69.7%) patients that underwent GB and 198 (30.3%) patients after GBS. At the late postoperative period 243 patients (53.2%) were available after the GB and 112 (56.6%) patients after GBS. The frequency of matches between objective and subjective assessment of outcomes of surgery usually did not exceed 50%. Given this, there is a need for a comprehensive analysis of the results of bariatric surgery. Developed multicomponent scale allows to evaluate the effectiveness of any bariatric surgery.
The value of blood serotonin for effective weight loss in obese women
Authors: Anikina Natal'ya Vadimovna , Smirnova Elena Nikolaevna
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Obesity is a disorder of energy balance, which leads to excessive accumulation of fat. In recent years, many important discoveries were made in this field, including the discovery of hormones produced by adipose tissue and the identification of many of the central and peripheral pathways of energy balance.Objective. To study the levels of hormones that affect appetite and metabolism in women with obesity baseline and after weight loss while taking sibutramine.Materials and methods. The study included 56 women aged 42,9±9,5 years, with a BMI of 34,6±6,1 kg/m2. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination. Hormonal study included determination of serotonin, leptin, ghrelin, endothelin-1, adiponectin.Results: In women with obesity we identified hyperleptinemia and increased serotonin levels. The decrease in body weight in patients receiving sibutramine was accompanied by lower levels of serotonin, leptin, ghrelin, endothelin-1, and increase of adiponectin.Conclusions: Obese patients have significantly elevated levels of leptin, serotonin, ghrelin compared to women of normal weight. Sibutramine treatment leads to a decrease in serotonin, leptin, ghrelin and is more effective in women with a BMI less than 36,5 kg/m2.
Renal concentration capacity in primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Mirnaya Svetlana Sergeevna , Mamedova Elizaveta Oktaevna , Mokrysheva Natalya Georgievna , Rozhinskaya Ludmila Yakovlevna , Dedov Ivan Ivanovich
Published: January 2016

Aim. To evaluate the renal concentration capacity in patients with mild and severe primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT).Materials and methods. The study included 77 patients (median age 57 years [52;61]) with pHPT, first group was comprised of patients with mild form (n=23), second group contained patients with severe pHPT without nephrolithiasis (n=28) and the third group contained patients with pHPT and nephrolithiasis (n=26). Osmolality index was calculated as urine osmolality to blood osmolality ratio. Renal concentration capacity impairment was diagnosed with osmolality index less than 2.Results. Osmolality index in patients with pHPT was low with median 1,66 [1,38;2,1]. We found a high prevalence of renal concentration capacity impairment in patients with pHPT, that was 71,4%. Regardless of presence of nephrolithiasis both patients with mild and severe pHPT had similar prevalence (70%, 75% and 69,2% respectively).Conclusions. Renal concentration impairment is common in mild and severe pHPT. The findings of this study necessitate for measurement of urine osmolality or osmolality index in all patients with pHPT.Комбинированную терапию ожирения (диета, физические нагрузки + прием орлистата) в течение 7 ± 1 месяцев получали 15 пациентов первой группы (СОАС), 5 – во второй (инсомния) и 8 пациентов без нарушений сна. При сравнении групп не выявлено статистически значимых различий по числу пациентов, принимающих медикаментозную терапию ожирения           (р 0,05). Через 7 ± 1 месяцев лечения ожирения среднее снижение МТ у больных с синдромом инсомнии составило –2,5 [–4; 0] кг, у больных с СОАС –7 [–18; –2] кг, у пациентов без нарушений сна –6,5 [–12;  –2,25] кг.
Profile of microRNAs in human adipocytes and macrophages in inflammation
Authors: Shvangiradze Teona Albertovna
Published: January 2016

Profile of microRNAs in human adipocytes and macrophages in inflammation
Overweight facilitates better results of the program of improving health at the workplace
Authors: Andreeva Svetlana Igorevna
Published: January 2016

Overweight facilitates better results of the program of improving health at the workplace
Análise microbiológica e teor de Nitrito e Nitrato em queijos
Authors: Adami Fernanda Scherer , Weizenmann E , Altenhofen G , Dal Bosco S Morelo , Oliveira E Conceição
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: Analisar a quantidade de coliformes termotolerantes, Salmonella, Staphylococcus coagulase positva, os teores de nitritos e nitratos, pH e atividade de água, em queijos tipo prato e colonial, com Inspeção Municipal e Estadual do Vale do Taquari-RS. Material e Métodos: Os teores residuais de nitratos e nitritos, pH e atividade de água das amostras foram realizados segundo as metodologias analíticas oficiais previstas na Instrução Normativa n° 20, de 21 de julho de 1999 do Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento. As análises microbiológicas foram realizadas em um laboratório certificado no Ministério da Agricultura. Resultados: Das 24 amostras de queijos 18,2% apresentaram coliformes termotolerantes acima da legislação com Inspeção Municipal e 61,5% das amostras com Inspeção Estadual. O Staphylococcus coagulase positiva não foi encontrado em nenhuma das amostras com Inspeção Municipal, e em 46,2% com Inspeção Estadual. A Salmonella não foi encontrada em nenhuma amostra. As concentrações de nitrato e nitrito encontradas acima do recomendado pela legislação nas amostras foram de 33,3% (p=0,030) e 100% (p<0,001), respectivamente. Conclui-se as amostras de queijo produzidas com Inspeção Estadual apresentaram resultados mais preocupantes em relação à contaminação por Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e coliformes termotolerantes quando comparados à Inspeção Municipal. Conclusão: Concluiu-se neste estudo que a totalidade das amostras analisadas apresentaram concentrações acima do recomendado pela legislação para nitrito e mais de um terço apresentou-se não conforme em relação a concentração de nitrato. Em relação à atividade de água e o pH, a maioria das amostras encontrou-se de acordo com o preconizado pela legislação.
Remoção de alumínio por via biotecnológica
Authors: Correia Laís Freire , Bispo Diego Fonseca , Pagano Rogério Luz , Santos Edilson De Jesus , Silva Antônio Santos , Silva Cristina Ferraz
Published: January 2016

A água é considerada como a base para o desenvolvimento humano e dos demais seres-vivos. Para minimizar os efeitos gerados por agentes externos e ambientais as águas passam por uma série de tratamentos. De forma natural as águas possuem elementos físicos, químicos e biológicos que as caracterizam e indicam o tipo adequado de tratamento a ser feito. Dentre os agentes químicos está o alumínio (Al23-), o qual além de ser encontrado de maneira natural, é também adicionado no processo de tratamento de água na etapa de coagulação como agente clarificante. O alumínio é considerado um dos principais contaminantes que precisa ser removido com maior efetividade devido as suas características bioacumulativas e estar relacionado a doenças neuro degenerativas, como o Alzheimer. A fim de minimizar a concentração do alumínio, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo remover o mesmo com o auxilio de microrganismos. Inicialmente foram determinados os pontos ideais de pH, concentração e o tipo de alumínio a ser testado, e em seguida foram feitos ensaios de seleção com bactérias previamente isoladas de manguezal e de planta de biodiesel. Uma redução de 30,67% do alumínio existente no meio foi evidenciada com a bactéria ANAE 02 isolada de manguezal.
Boundary layer analysis of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations in a smooth domain
Authors: Jung Chang-Yeol , Park Eunhee , Temam Roger
Published: January 2016

In this article, we consider a singularly perturbed nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation whose solutions display thin boundary layers near the boundary of the domain. We fully analyse the singular behaviours of the solutions at any given order with respect to the small parameter ε, with suitable asymptotic expansions consisting of the outer solutions and of the boundary layer correctors. The systematic treatment of the nonlinear reaction terms at any given order is novel along the singular perturbation analysis. We believe that the analysis can be suitably extended to other nonlinear problems.
Closed Geodesics on Positively Curved Finsler 3-Spheres
Authors: Duan Huagui , Liu Hui
Published: January 2016

In [33], Wang proved that for every Finsler three-dimensional sphere

(

S
3

,
F
)

${(S^{3},F)}$

with reversibility λ and flag curvature K satisfying

(

λ
/

(

1
+
λ

)

)

2

<
K
≤
1

${(\lambda/({1+\lambda}))^{2}<K\leq 1}$

, there exist at least three distinct closed geodesics. In this paper, we prove that for every Finsler three-dimensional sphere

(

S
3

,
F
)

$(S^{3},F)$

with reversibility λ and flag curvature K satisfying

(

9
/
4

)

⁢

(

λ
/

(

1
+
λ

)

)

2

<
K
≤
1

${(9/4)(\lambda/(1+\lambda))^{2}<K\leq 1}$

with

λ
<
2

${\lambda<2}$

, if there exist exactly three prime closed geodesics, then two of them are irrationally elliptic and the third one is infinitely degenerate.
The Pre-Raphaelite Journey into the Middle Ages
Authors: Ujszászi Zsuzsanna
Published: January 2016

The Pre-Raphaelite artists and poets rejected contemporary conventional style in art, and did not concern themselves with the representation of contemporary life either. They viewed the surrounding social life as sordid, and reached back to the Middle Ages both for technique and subject matter. Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais, and later William Morris found inspiration in late medieval art and literature. They took their subjects from history, legend, religion or poetry, focusing on moral or psychological issues, and expressed fascination for beauty as a value of spiritual nature. This paper examines three of Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s medieval fantasy pictures (The Tune of Seven Towers, The Blue Closet and A Christmas Carol), which prompt a meditative and imaginative response through their enigmatic references, and thus attest the mysterious feature of Pre-Raphaelite medieval imagery. The paper discusses their enigmatic nature in the light of William Morris’s early dream poems The Tune of Seven Towers and The Blue Closet, written on the relevant Rossetti pictures. A parallel reading of poem and picture evidences how Pre-Raphaelite medievalism in painting can invite the onlooker for an inner journey through exploring an imagined referential background.
The Pilgrimage as Inner and Outer Journey in Paulo Coelho’s The Pilgrimage
Authors: Mihály Vilma-Irén
Published: January 2016

The present paper aims at analyzing the significance and occurrence of pilgrimages as inner and outer journeys, focusing on their form(s) and role(s] in today’s postmodern society. The introductory part presents the phenomenon from a theoretical point of view, that is taking into consideration its possible definitions (e.g. as a religious phenomenon in pre-Christian and Christian cultures from the Middle Ages to the present: and pilgrimages in literature). The core of the paper then discusses Paulo Coelho’s novel entitled The Pilgrimage. A Contemporary Quest for Ancient Wisdom, which, though extremely popular, has not yet undergone any significant literary analysis. We shall examine the protagonist’s spiritual journey from the perspective of the postmodern human condition. The questions that the paper tries to answer also refer to the relationship between the novel and different religions such as Christianity and New Age. respectively neo-pagan movements that are the product and proof of postmodern pluralism at the same time.