bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERJANJIAN KERJA ANTARA ATLET SEPAKBOLA PROFESIONAL DENGAN KLUB SEPAKBOLA
Authors: Janika Yola Zulva , Mashudi Mashudi
Published: January 2022

Dalam klausul kontrak pemain sepakbola profesional dengan klub sepakbola secara eksplisit mencantumkan bahwa kontrak pemain sepakbola bersifat khusus dan tidak tunduk pada Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan dan atlet sepakbola profesional mempunyai hukum yang khusus yaitu Lex sportiva.Kontrak kerja pemain sepakbola profesional tunduk pada Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2005 tentang Sistem Keolahragaan Nasional. Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2005 tentang Sistem Keolahragaan Nasional merupakan Lex Specialis dari Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Dalam ketentuan FIFA penyelesaian sengketa yang terjadi antara atlet sepakbola profesional dengan klub dapat di selesaikan melalui Arbitrase yang telah disediakan oleh induk organisasi sepakbola tersebut.Â Kata kunci : Hukum Olahraga (Lex Sportiva); Ketenagakerjaan; Mekanisme Penyelesaian Sengketa; Perjanjian.Â ABSTRACTA number of legal experts argued that the Act No. 13 year 2003 about the Employment contract applicable to professionalhu athletes because of the professional athlete is the workers/labourers and applies the provisions of the Act such. However, in the professional soccer player contract clause with the football club to explicitly specify that the special nature of player contracts and are not subject to law No. 13 Year 2003 about the employment and soccer athletes professionals have special laws i.e. Lex sportiva. Professional soccer player employment contract subject to the provisions of Act No. 3 Year 2005 about National Sport System. Act No. 3 of the year 2005 of the national Sport System is Lex Specialists of law No. 13 Year 2003 concerning Employment. In terms of the FIFA dispute that took place between professional athletes with the Club can resolve through arbitration that has been provided by the parent organization of the football.Keywords : Sports Law( Lex Sportiva); Employment; The Dispute Settlement Mechanism; Contract.
PERKAWINAN LARI (PAKONDANG) YANG DI LAKUKAN ADAT SUMBA BARAT DI TINJAU UNDANG-UNDANG NO 1 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG PERKAWINAN
Authors: Arkisman Arkisman , Iki Marthen Jou
Published: January 2022

Perkawinan lari (Pakondang) yang terjadi di Sumba Barat Nusa Tenggara Timur merupakan kekaburan norma hukum karena pasangan yang melakukan perkawin lari tidak tidak memberitahukan kepada orang tua tentang keinginan untuk melangsungkan perkawinan, merupakan pasangan yang tidak di restui hubungannya. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) bagaimana proses perkawinan lari yang di lakukan adat Sumba Barat? (2) bagaimana akibat hukum perkawinan lari di Sumba baratÂ  berdasarkan Udang-Undang No.1 Tahun 1974?. Penelitian ini adalah penelitan normative dengan data primer yang di kumpulkan dengan metode wawancara sedangkan data sekunder di kaji berdasarkan Undang-Undang. Tenik analisis data yang di gunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian di temukan bahwa Undang-Undang Nomor.1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan dapat mencegah terjadinya perkawinan lari (pakondang) di wilayah kabupaten Sumba Barat propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur dengan melakukan dekontruksi.Â Kata Kunci :Perkawinan Adat, Pakondang, Undang No 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan
SANKSI HUKUM TIDAK TERPENUHINYA PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH ( PAD ) DARI PAJAK REKLAME
Authors: Basid Abdul , Fathoni Ahmad
Published: January 2022

Dalam rangka pembiayaan pembangunan, peranan dan potensi sektor perpajakan sangat besar artinya, terutama untuk menunjang keberhasilan pembangunan daerah dan pembangunan nasional. Sumber pembiayaan Negara antar lain dari pajak dan kekayaan alam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kontribusi pajak reklame dan evaluasi manakala target pajak reklame tidak terpenuhi. Skripsi ini ditulis dengan pendekatan yuridis normative. Penyelenggaraan reklame kabupaten gresik di atur dalam Peraturan Bupati Gresik Nomor 9 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyelenggaraan Reklame. Kontribusi pajak reklame terhadap pajak daerah sebesar 0.58% dan kontribusi pajak reklame terhadap pendapatan asli daerah sebesar 0.11%. Evaluasi dilakukan setiap 3 bulan dan 6 bulan serta dilakukan saat target pajak reklame tidak terpenuhi. Evaluasi dilakukan pada setiap pokja yang terkait dengan penyelenggaraan reklame. Kepada pihak yang terkait supaya lebih menegaskan sanksi terhadap pelanggaran penyelenggaraan reklame.Kata Kunci : Pajak Reklame, Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Sanksi HukumÂ Â Â Â Â  ABSTRACKIn the framework of financing development, the role and potential of the taxation sector is very significant, especially to support the success of regional development and national development. Other state funding sources include taxes and natural wealth. The purpose of this study is to determine the advertisement tax contribution and evaluation when the advertisement tax target is not met. This thesis was written with a normative juridical approach. The implementation of the Gresik regency bill is regulated in the Gresik Regent Regulation Number 9 of 2016 concerning the Implementation of Advertisement. The advertisement tax contribution to local taxes is 0.58% and the advertisement tax contribution to local revenue is 0.11%. Evaluation is carried out every 3 months and 6 months and is carried out when the advertisement tax target is not met. Evaluation is carried out at each working group related to the implementation of billboards. To the parties concerned so as to further emphasize sanctions against violations of the implementation of billboards.Keywords: Advertisement Tax, Regional Original Income, Legal Sanctions
DISHARMONISASI PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN DI INDONESIA: ANTARA BENTUK, PENYEBAB DAN SOLUS
Authors: Arifin Zaenal , Satria Adhi Putra
Published: January 2022

AbstrakArtikel ini merupakan artikel konseptual yang akan membahas mengenai bentuk, penyebab dan solusi atas permasalahan disharmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Sebagaimana kita ketahui bahwa di Indonesia, saat ini, masih banyak peraturan perundang-undangan yang saling bertentangan/tidak harmonis, dari sekian banyak faktor yang mengakibatkan banyaknya peraturan yang tidak harmonis sebagaimana dimaksud, faktor yang paling dominan yang menyebabkan terjadinya disharmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia adalah faktor dari banyaknya regulasi/peraturan yang dibuat, sehingga wacana tentang penyederhanaan undang-undang melalui omnibuslaw perlu direalisasikan, guna meminimalisir terjadinya over regulasi yang mengakibatkan terjadinya tumpang tindih peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia.
PENYELESAIAN KEJAHATAN TERHADAP KEMANUSIAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Subekti Subekti , Sidarta Dudik Djaja
Published: January 2022

Kebijakan pemerintah dalam menyelesaikan kejahatan HAM berat yang terjadi di masa demokrasi otoriter akan diselesaikan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 Tentang Hak Asasi Manusia dan Undang-Undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Peradilan Hak Asasi Manusia . Kedua undang-undang tersebut menganut asas retroaktif. Mulai tahun 2000 sampai tahun 2004 telah terjadi empat kali perubahan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Dalam UUD 1945 perubahan sesuai dengan Pasal 28I tidak menganut asas retroaktif, artinya konstitusi ini melarang hukum berlaku surut. Kebijakan pemerintah ini menjadi persoalan, karena telah terjadi kontradiktif sehingga menimbulkan masalah yaitu bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah yang kontradiktif ini dalam menyelesaiakan pelanggaran HAM berat yang terjadi di masa lalu?Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjawab dan menganalisis kebijakan pemerintah yang kontradiktif dalam menyelesaikan kasus pelanggaran HAM berat yang yang terjadi di masa lalu, diselesaikan oleh undang-undang HAM yang baru ditinjau dari aspek kemanusian dan hukum. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan ilmu hukum dan humaniora, memberikan referensi dan sebagai bahan pertimbangan bagi pembentuk undang-undang dan aparat penegak hukum dalam menerapkan sebuah kebijakan yang berkenaan dengan penyelesaian kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Dalam menjawab permasalahan di atas peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, yaitu menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan bahan sekunder untuk menjawab permasalahan di atas. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatankonseptual (conceptual approach), pendekatanperaturanperundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach).Hasil penelitian adalah bahwa kebijakan dalam menyelesaikan pelanggaran HAM berat di masa lalu merupakan kebijakan yang kontradiktif, dimana asas retroaktif diterapkan, dibentuk pengadilan HAM ad Hoc tetapi aturan hukum yang diterapkan atau sanksi yang dijatuhkan menggunakan aturan KUHP yang merupakan pelanggaran HAM biasa/umum (ordinary crime).Â Kata Kunci : Pelanggaran HAM Berat, Kebijakan, Kejahatan Kemanusiaan
KEPASTIAN HUKUM SERTIPIKAT HAK TANGGUNGAN ELEKTRONIK DALAM HUKUM PEMBUKTIAN DI PERADILAN MENURUT HUKUM ACARA PERDATA
Authors: Arkisman Arkisman , Lafitri Nandatama Ayu
Published: January 2022

Mengingat hasil dari sertipikat hak tanggungan yang dilakukan secara elektronik adalah dalam bentuk dokumen elektronik. Dokumen Elektronik dalam pembuktiannya dipersamakan dengan Dokumen tertulis (surat). Sehingga kedudukan alat bukti elektronik sebagai alat bukti sah yang dapat dipergunakan saat berpekara di pengadilan, yang dimana dalam pembuktiannya dalam perkara perdata dapat mengacu pada aturan yang sebelumnya telah mengatur mengenai alat bukti elektronik yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik. Sehingga sertipikat hak tanggungan elektronik tersebut memiliki kepastian hukum karena mendapat perlindungan dari Undang-Undang ITE No 11 Tahun 2008. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan meneliti bahan hukum terkait yang dikumpulkan melalui penelitian kepustakaan. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan ialah Pendekatan Konseptual, Pendekatan Perundang-undangan, serta Pendekatan History (Sejarah).Â Kata kunci : Kepastian Hukum; Pembuktian; Sertipikat Hak Tanggungan Elektronik.Â Given that the result of a certificate of mortgage which is done electronically is in the form of an electronic document. Electronic Documents in proof are equated with written documents (letters). So that the position of electronic evidence as valid evidence that can be used when holding court in court, which in the evidence in civil cases can refer to the rules that previously regulated electronic evidence, namely Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to the Law. Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. So that the electronic mortgage certificate has legal certainty because it is protected by the ITE Law No. 11 of 2008. The research method used in this paper is the normative legal research method. The research was conducted by examining related legal materials collected through library research. The type of approach used is the Conceptual Approach, the Legislative Approach, and the Historical Approach.Â Key words: legal certainty; Proof; Electronic Liability Certificate.
PENEGAKKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PRANK BERDASARKAN KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA DAN UNDANG-UNDANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK (PENGHINAAN YANG DIUNGGAH DI MEDIA ONLINE)
Authors: Ningsih Dwi Wachidiyah , Karim Abdul
Published: January 2022

Sering kali pelaku prank luput dari jerat hukum. Tidak semua korban prank bersedia melaporkan ke kepolisian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penegakkan hukum tindak pidana prank (penghinaan yang diunggah di media online) sesuai dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana dan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik dan untuk mengetahui langkah hukum untuk menjerat tindak pidana prank (penghinaan yang diunggah di media online) yang sesuai dengan dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana dan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Penelitian ini merupakan peneltian yuridis normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan. Sumber bahan hukum berasal dari bahan hukum primer. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dengan studi dokumen menggunakan metode content analysis. Teknik analisa bahan hukum dilakukan dengan kualitatif. Penegakkan hukum tindak pidana prank (penghinaan yang diunggah di media online) adalah sesuai dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Pasal 310 KUHP dan sesuai dengan Â Pasal 45 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Langkah hukum untuk menjerat tindak pidana yang sesuai dengan dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana dan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.Kata Kunci : Tindak Pidana, Prank, Pencemaran Nama Baik, Media OnlineABSTRACTOften prankers escape the trap of the law. Not all prank victims are willing to report to the police. This study aims to determine the law enforcement of prank criminal acts (insults uploaded in online media) in accordance with the Criminal Code and Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions and to find out legal steps to ensnare prank crime ( insults uploaded in online media) in accordance with the Criminal Code and Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. This research is a normative juridical research. The approach used in this research is a statutory approach. The source of legal materials comes from primary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials by studying documents uses the content analysis method. Legal material analysis techniques are carried out qualitatively. Prank criminal law enforcement (insults uploaded on online media) are in accordance with the Criminal Code Article 310 of the Criminal Code and in accordance with Article 45 paragraph (1) of Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. Legal steps to prosecute criminal acts in accordance with the Criminal Code and Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions.Keywords: Crime, Prank, Defamation, Online Media
PEMANFAATAN TANAH KAS DESA DALAM BENTUK PERJANJIAN SEWA MENYEWA
Authors: Noer Zakiah , Muchyidin Muchyidin
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKDalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, pelaksanaan pembangunan dan khususnya pelayanan kepada masyarakat Pemerintah Desa memerlukan sumber pendapatandanayang memadai yaitu salah satunya dengan pemanfaatan Tanah Kas Desa.Mengenai pemanfaatan aset desa Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Pengelolaan Aset Desa dalam Pasal 11 ayat (2) menyatakan bahwa pemanfaatan aset desa terbagi menjadi empat, yaitu sewa menyewa, pinjam pakai, kerjasama pemanfaatan, bangun guna serah atau bangun serah guna. Selanjutnyadalam Pemanfaatan aset desa harus ditetapkan dalam Peraturan Desa yang diatur dalam pasal (3) ayat 1. Apabila pemerintah Desa dalam melaksanakan memanfaatkan aset desa yang dimiliki, harus memiliki Peraturan Desa. Jika pemerintah Desa ingin memanfaatkan aset desa dalam bentuk sewa yang dimiliki, harus memiliki Peraturan Desa. Tindakan hukum pemerintah desa yang menyewakanÂ  dengan pihak lain dalam memanfaatkan aset desanya, maka pemerintah bertindak sebagai badan hukum dan tunduk kepada hukum privat. Maka pemerintah desa jika melakukan perjanjian dalam betuk sewa haruslah taat pada Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata sebagai syarat sahnya suatu perjanjian yaitu kesepakatan, kecakapan, hal tertentu dan kausa yang halal.Kata kunci :Perjanjian, Sewa Menyewa, Tanah Kas DesaÂ ABSTRACTÂ In improving Village Welfare, the village government in government administration, development implementation and especially services to the community requires adequate funding sources, one of which is the use of Village Treasury Land. Thus, the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 1 of 2016 concerning Village Asset Management in Article 11 paragraph (2) states that the utilization of village assets is divided into four, namely leasing, borrowing and using, joint utilization, building for handover or building for handover. Furthermore, Article (3) states that the utilization of village assets must be stipulated in a Village Regulation. So if the Village government wants to take advantage of the village assets it has, it must have a Village Regulation. So if the village government wants to take advantage of village assets in the form of rent it has, it must have a Village Regulation. The legal action of the village government that rents out with other parties in utilizing its village assets, the government acts as a legal entity and is subject to private law. So if the village government makes an agreement, it must comply with Article 1320 of the Civil Code as a condition for the validity of the agreement, namely agreement, skills, certain things and lawful causes.Keywords: Agreement, Lease, Village Treasury Land
PEMUTUSAN HUBUNGAN KERJA PADA PERUSAHAAN PAILIT
Authors: Mashudi Mashudi , Aji Hamdi
Published: January 2022

Membahas pemutusan hubungan kerja pada perusahaan yang pailit yang diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan tentang kepailitan juga ketenagakerjaan juga mengenal sejahu mana jaminan pembayaran upah atau uang pesangon bagi pekerja/buruh dalam suatu perusahaan yang dinyatakan pailit dapat dijamin. Dengan demikian dapat mengetahui kemungkinan dapat didahulukan hak buruh terhadap kedudukan hak-hak lain dallam kepailitan. Metode yang digunanakan adalah normatif berdasarkan Undang-Undang ketenagakerjaan dan Undang-Undang kepailitan,yang kemudian untuk menggambarkan secara tepat tentang kedudukan buruh dalam proses pemutusan hubungan kerja akibat kepailitan.
Establishment of Individual Limited Liability Companies as an Effort for Economic Recovery Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amran  , Ibnu Arly
Published: January 2022

Purpose of this study is first, to analyze the establishment of a Limited Liability Company PT Individual. Second, to analyze in the establishment of a Limited Liability Company, an individual PT will support economic progress due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses normative legal research methods. This research concludes, first: The establishment of an Individual Limited Liability Company (PT) can be established by an Indonesian citizen, at least 17 years old, the authorized capital of PT Perseorangan, which is at least 25%, then the proof of payment is submitted to the Minister of Law and Human Rights counting 60 ( sixty) days since deed of establishment of the Company for the Company or filling out the Statement of Establishment for an individual Company and this is done electronically. Second: the creation of regulations regarding the establishment of PT. Individuals is expected to be able to support the improvement of the Indonesian economy due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the existence of PT Persorangan targets the middle class, for micro and small businesses.
Delegation of Authority for Secondary Education Management Aspects of Regional Assets / Property at the East Java Provincial Education Office
Authors: Siswoko Andianto  , Widyawati Boediningsih
Published: January 2022

After the enactment of the Law 23/2014 as the new regional government law (UU Pemda), the government formulates new regulations related to changes in the concurrent division of government affairs between the central government and regional governments. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the transfer of authority to manage secondary education from the point of view of the aspect of management of regional assets / assets in the East Java provincial education office and the problems in the transfer of authority to manage secondary education from the point of view of the aspect of managing regional assets / property in the provincial education office. East Java. Nornative empirical research methods. Basically, it is an amalgamation of a normative legal approach with the addition of various empirical elements. The result of the research is that the Field Verifier Team and the Regional Assistance Team have a central role in overcoming problems related to the transition in the Secondary Education sector, namely by re-correcting the results of data collection and confirming the results of data collection both to the Surabaya City education office concerned and to the Education Office. East Java Province. All local governments, both provincial and district / city, must implement this policy. One of the regions that has also implemented this policy is the Province of East Java. The East Java Provincial Government has specifically implemented the policy of transferring secondary education management as mandated by Law no. 23 of 2014 through the East Java Provincial Education Office.
Cancellation of The Marriage Agreement Dedicated After The Marriage is Conducted
Authors: Habib Adjie  , Benny Aji Prasetyo
Published: January 2022

Marriage aims to form a happy, eternal, and conscious family without pressure. From a marital relationship, rights and obligations, including property, are regulated in the marriage law. For certain couples, marital property needs to be separated and a special agreement is made that regulates the separation of assets and obligations of both partners. In the case that it was found that there was a couple who made a separation agreement made after the marriage took place, there is a fact that the agreement was requested to be canceled for various reasons from the plaintiff. With these facts, the purpose of this study is to examine the legal aspects of the cancellation of the marriage agreement made after the marriage took place. This research method used a normative juridical method with a conceptual approach and legislation. The conclusion of this study is that marriage is a form of relationship between a man and a woman with the aim of forming a family, that it is undeniable that marriages are carried out between Indonesian citizens and foreigners and this is that there are legal differences that apply to men and women in mixed marriages because of differences in nationality. . In mixed marriages, there will be things regarding property that are different from marriages between Indonesian citizens and Indonesian citizens. The marriage agreement made by the couple before the marriage can be in the form of an authentic deed made before a notary as a public official, if the marriage agreement is made after the marriage it will result in null and void.
Legal Protection Against Notaries In The Process of Authentic Deed Processing
Authors: Afdol  , Baby Nita Selly Veronika
Published: January 2022

The position of a notary is very necessary in the business world, because it is in accordance with its duties which is to record civil actions and set out in an authentic deed. source of data used in this study is secondary data consisting of primary legal materials in the form of basic norms/rules and related laws and regulations. with the law of protection of notaries in particular The type of research in this legal research is normative legal research, which is a process to find legal rules, legal principles, and legal doctrines in order to answer legal issues faced Engineering and data collection in research This is done by means of library research. Data collection tools used are document studies to obtain secondary data, by reading, studying, researching, analyzing secondary data, secondary and tertiary related to this research.
Juridical Review of Chemical Castration Action In The Perspective of Criminal Law And Human Rights
Authors: Aulya Dwisudarini  , Muridah Isnawati
Published: January 2022

Children are a gift from God Almighty must be maintained for their survival because children are the future and next generation of the nation.  A state commits protecting the children's rights and ensuring children's welfare by issuing several laws and regulations accommodating all children's needs and rights.  However, this have not reduce the case numbers of sexual violence against children yet, therefore, the government issued a new regulation, namely Law Number 17 of 2016 which regulates new sanctions for perpetrators of sexual violence and the addition of chemical castration.  The purpose of this research is to find out the juridical review of chemical castration in the perspective of criminal law and human rights.  The research method used in this research is normative jurisdiction using a law approach.  The results of the study found that chemical castration is appropriate for perpetrators of sexual violence against children, because sexual violence against children is a serious, cruel crime.  Chemical castration does not violate human rights because it aims to normalize the hormones of pedophiles and the rehabilitation carried out by medical experts is aimed at enabling pedophiles to be normal human beings physically and mentally.
Settlement of Multiple Certificate Disputes On The Same Land Object
Authors: Rica Intan Febriyanti
Published: January 2022

Land has an economic aspect with the value of the rupiah increasing every year, in the form of an increase in NJOP on SPPT PBB. Regarding legal land ownership through the inclusion of the owner's name on the land title certificate, several court decisions have found cases of double certificates which are original and authentic certificates. To determine who is entitled to the ownership of land rights in the same object, a lawsuit is made through the district court with the land office as a co-defendant. The purpose of this study is a legal remedy in the event of a land dispute due to dual certificates and the validity of the issuance of multiple certificates whose legality will be recognized according to law. This study uses empirical juridical methods, namely juridical research conducted by examining library materials called library research with a statute approach. Sources of Legal Materials used in this legal research use primary legal materials which are authoritative legal materials, meaning they have authority.   The results of this study are the certificates issued by the land agency are valid until they are declared null and void by the district court, on the validity of the dual certificates, the applicable certificate is the land certificate which was issued earlier and declared valid by the panel of judges. Suggestions from this research are that the land office is expected to be more careful in conducting research on physical and juridical data in issuing land rights certificates.
Análise dos impactos da seca no município de Sousa/PB
Authors: Pereira José Diogenes Alves , Nogueira Virgínia de Fátima Bezerra , Nogueira Valner da Silva , Cavalcanti Andréa Karla Gouveia , Paiva Francisco Jean da Silva
Published: January 2022

As secas que o nordeste enfrenta vêm sendo monitoradas ao longo dos anos com a finalidade de compreender e se programar para lidar com as eventualidades que o clima proporciona. Sendo assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo determinar e analisar os impactos causados pela seca, de 2012 a 2017, utilizando um período de tempo subsequente (2018 e 2019) tendo o ano de 2008 como referência em virtude de sua característica chuvosa elevada, no município de Sousa-PB. Os dados utilizados foram fornecidos pelo USGS e IBGE e foram processados no software livre Qgis 2.14. Foram geradas espacializações multitemporais da área de estudo pelo uso de ocupação do solo e os índices de sensoriamento remoto (NDVI, TST e WSVI) no ano de referência e na época pós-seca para assim visualizar e caracterizar as alterações ocorridas no município de Sousa. Concluiu-se que a seca modificou o território e que de uma forma direta impactou o meio ambiente, seja por redução dos reservatórios causados pela escassez hídrica ou pela ocorrência de incêndio florestal favorecida pela vegetação seca, baixa condição hídrica e de umidade no solo. Isso ressoou na produtividade agrícola municipal e, por conseguinte na esfera social, decorrentes de impactos sobre a economia local, já que os agricultores tiveram produções limitadas, a zona urbana também sofreu impactos, pois foi submetida a racionamentos de água que afetaram diretamente os habitantes que residem no município.
Análise da qualidade da água da Lagoa Mirim através do IQA e de métodos estatísticos
Authors: Valentini Marlon Heitor Kunst , Santos Gabriel Borges dos , Franz Henrique Sanchez , Silva Larissa Aldrighi da , Machado Larissa Longaray , Vieira Denise dos Santos , Vieira Beatriz MÃ¼ller , Romani Rubia Flores , Leandro Diuliana , Nadaleti Willian Cézar , Vieira Bruno MÃ¼ller
Published: January 2022

Ao longo dos anos tem-se evidenciado um aumento preocupante na degradação dos recursos hídricos em todo o mundo. Nesse cenário, criado nos EUA pela NSF, surge o IQA, como um dos métodos utilizados para o monitoramento da qualidade hídrica, utilizando variáveis que refletem as alterações ocorridas na região da bacia hidrográfica, sejam essas alterações naturais ou antrópicas. Outros métodos que podem ser utilizados para o monitoramento hídrico são os estatísticos, capazes de fornecer interpretações simples a partir da análise de dados complexos. O presente trabalho buscou, então, analisar a qualidade hídrica da Lagoa Mirim através do cálculo do IQA e de métodos estatísticos, tais como a análise de variância e análise de correlação. Para isso, foram analisados 9 parâmetros referentes a amostras coletadas em 7 pontos de monitoramento nos anos de 2015, 2016 e 2017. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a correlação entre os parâmetros de monitoramento, bem como a correlação destes parâmetros com o IQA, mostrando a relevância destes para a qualidade das águas da Lagoa Mirim. Quanto ao IQA, o recurso hídrico estudado se enquadrou, de forma geral, dentro da faixa do aceitável. Ao analisar as variações dos parâmetros e do IQA considerando como fator os meses e os anos monitorados, pode-se concluir que essas variações ocorrem de forma significativa entre esses fatores de observação. Essa conclusão pode ser corroborada pelo fato de que existem muitos fatores climáticos que podem influenciar a qualidade das águas, bem como fatores relativos a atividades agrícolas no entorno da Lagoa Mirim que também causam impactos sobre esse corpo hídrico.
Association of Xanthine Oxidase and Neutrophil Activation Marker Elastase in Preeclampsia: A Case-control Study
Authors: Rajshekar Ramya , Bambrana Vanishree , Dayanand Chikkanayakanahalli Doddaiah , Ray Payal , Radhika D
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Preeclampsia is an obstetric emergency for both mother and the foetus with unknown aetiology. Delivery is the only effective way in the prompt management. Due to oxidative stress factors, there is an increased conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase to xanthine oxidase, so there is more production of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide affects the cell function of trophoblast. Therefore, oxidative stress is one of the causative factor for complications of preeclampsia. Aim: To determine the association between xanthine oxidase and plasma elastase (Neutrophil activation marker) in preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: The case-control study was conducted from March 2019 to December 2019 on normotensive pregnant females and preeclamptic patient categorised as group 1 (control) and group 2 (case) respectively. The level of xanthine oxidase and plasma elastase were estimated spectrophotometrically. To compare means between the two groups, Student’s t-test was used and correlation between parameters were estimated through Pearson’s correlation coefficient. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 60 subjects were included and analysed in two groups 1 and 2 respectively. Neutrophil activation marker (elastase) was elevated 4.5-fold in group 2 (26.81±7.9) but, it was non significant when compared to group 1 (6.02±3.4). Xanthine oxidase levels amongst group 1 was 34.01±38.26 U/L which was significantly elevated in pregnant group 2 patients as 218.78±220.42 U/L with probability p-value <0.05 and positive correlation of r=0.320. Conclusion: Elevated levels of xanthine oxidase adds to oxidative stress and may result in trophoblastic dysfunction in preeclampsia. The situation is convoyed by increased concentration of pro- inflammatory signaling molecules like cytokines such as Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), activated neutrophils and positive acute phase plasma proteins. Elastase as neutrophil activation marker showed 4.5-fold increase in preeclampsia which shows aggravated inflammatory condition.
Correlation of Clinical, Endoscopic and Histopathological Activity in Ulcerative Colitis: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Khader Reslin A , Sideeque Asiq N , Ramakrishnan Janaky
Published: January 2022

Introduction: There are several scoring systems in use to determine the endoscopic, clinical and histopathological activity in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) which helps in defining the optimal management strategy. Aim: To understand the correlation between histological activity with simplified Geboes Score (GS), clinical activity with Truelove and Witts Score (TLWS) and endoscopic activity with Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES) in UC. The study also aimed at describing the common histopathological features of UC. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Southern India for 1.5 years (November 2014 to May 2016). Consecutive colonoscopy biopsies of patients who presented with lower gastrointestinal symptoms and endoscopic findings suggestive of UC were included. Baseline characteristics including age, gender, symptoms, clinical signs and extent of disease were recorded. Disease severity was graded using TLWS, MES using endoscopy and GS. Spearman’s correlations between the MES, GS and TLWS were calculated. Results: A total of 62 cases of clinically diagnosed UC patients were evaluated based on endoscopy and histopathology findings. The mean age was 44.7 years and 42 (67.74%) were males in the study. Proctosigmoiditis was the most common extent (32.25%), followed by cases of proctitis (25.80%), pancolitis (22.58%), and left sided colitis (14.51%). There was a strong correlation between MES/TLWS with a rho=0.614 (p<0.001), followed by MES/GS with rho=0.421 (p<0.001) and GS/MES with a rho=0.375 (p<0.01). Basal plasmacytosis was found in 92.86% of moderate to severe disease. Conclusion: The GS system strongly correlates with both MES and TWLS in patients with UC which could be used concurrently to determine the extent of healing and optimise treatment strategy. Findings of basal plasmacytosis, mucin depletion, dysplasia and pseudopolyps are associated with moderate to severe disease activity.
Evaluation of Anti Microbial Activity of -2-Pyridinealdazine
Authors: Arulmani R. , Sarathi N. , Rajalakshmi R.
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this work was to prepare and to evaluate the antibacterial and anti fungal activity of 2-Pyridinealdazine.This azine is screened for its antimicrobial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacterial and fungal strains like fungal strains Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium chrysogenum,Trichoderma viride. 2-Pyridinealdazine was found to be effective inhibitor of all pathogenic strains with the inhibition zone ranging from 10 to 30mm.
S-Index of Different Graph Operations
Authors: Nagarajan S. , Kayalvizhi G. , Priyadharsini G.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we introduced new index from the Zagreb index family, named as -index is defined as the sum of degree five of all the vertices of a graph. We derive the -index of some different graph operations such that Join, Cartesian product, Composition, Corona product, Tensor Product, Strong product, Disjunction, Symmetric difference, Corona join product, Subdivision vertex join are obtained.
Variability Studies in Isolates of Sheath Blight of Rice Caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn
Authors: Sangeetha K. D. , Parthiban V. K. , Nakkeeran S. , Johnson I.
Published: January 2022

Sheath blight is caused by Rhizoctonia solani which is known as a destructive disease and a major bottleneck for rice production in India as well as world. Eleven isolates of sheath blight pathogen were collected from major rice growing states such as Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha. Rhizoctonia solani is known to show high variability in terms of morphological, cultural and sclerotial characters. Hence study was conducted at Research and Development, Rallis India Limited, Bangalore to know the variability between the isolates which were collected from various locations. Studies on cultural variability revealed that colony colour varied from whitish brown to pale brown with slow, moderate and abundant growth patterns. Among the eleven isolates, majority were fast growing followed by medium growth. Size of sclerotia ranged from minimum of 1.00mm (Rs-9) to maximum of 1.97mm (Rs-8). Maximum isolates had excellent number of sclerotia (>60) produced per petridish. 3-4 days were required for initiation of sclerotia formation for all the isolates. Based on pattern of sclerotia formation, isolates produced sclerotia in central ring, scattered, central & scattered and central & peripheral manner. Sclerotia is formed either in aerial or surface mycelium or on both aerial and surface mycelium. Colour of sclerotia ranged from light brown to dark brown with rough texture.
Relationship of C-reactive Protein to Lymphocyte Ratio with Prognosis and Mortality in COVİD 19
Authors: Onur Bayrakçi , Sinem Bayrakçi
Published: January 2022

Background: The Covid 19 pandemic is a serious disease that has infected millions of people and died tens of thousands. The clinical findings of the disease is observed in a wide range from asymptomatic to death. On the other hand, abnormal pathological variety is findings in laboratory parameters.

Aims: In this study, it was aimed to relation  laboratory parameters with prognosis and mortality in the admission intensive care.

Study Design: This study was done in Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital Covid Intensive-care unit between July 1, 2021 and September 30, 2021.

Methodology: Patients over the age of 18 who were positive Polymerase Chain Reaction test and admitted in the intensive-care unit were included in the study. The data of a total of 197 patients who were compatible with this criteria was retrospectively analyzed. White blood cells, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and lymphocyte values (within the first 24 hours) ​​of the patients, use history of steroid, and whether they were intubated and their mortality were investigated.The relations of the obtained data with each other were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test.

Results: 113 were males (57.3%), and 84 were females (42.7%). The mean age was 64.6 ±2.16 (21-95) years.  Most of the patients (67.5%) were over 60 years old. WBC values ​​of the patients were 46.8% high and 53.2% normal (normal value range 4-10 μL). Lymphocyte values were 55.3% lymphopenia, 43.6% normal lymphocytes, 1.1% lymphocytosis (normal value range 0.8-4 μL). CRP results were 98.9% high (normal value range 0-5 mg/L). High PCT value was 26.3% of the patients (normal value range 0-0.5 ng/ml). 86.8% of the patients were used steroids. 58.3% intubated (in Intensive-care unit) and 54.8% died of the patients. According to the lower and upper reference values; WBC/Lymphocyte:1-12.5 and CRP/Lymphocyte: 0-6.25 values ​​were accepted normal ranges.

Conclusion: Mortality is more often in patients with females and over 60 years of age admitted to the intensive-care unit in Covid-19. If the CRP to Lymphocyte ratio is more than 100, it is related with mortality.
Survival Outcomes of Histopathological Subtypes of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in Ugandan Patients
Authors: Wismayer Richard , Kiwanuka Julius , Wabinga Henry , Odida Michael
Published: January 2022

Background:  High grade mucinous adenocarcinomas have been found to be more common in younger patients and are associated with a poor prognosis in the West. In Uganda, survival outcomes of the different histopathologic subtypes of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is unknown. We determined the survival outcome of the different histopathologic subtypes of CRC and LVI among Ugandan patients.

Methods: A retroprospective cohort study on patients diagnosed with CRC from 2008 to 2018 were identified from the Kampala Cancer Registry and hospital medical records. Retrieved data included date of diagnosis, demographics, stage, grade and location of CRC. Our outcome was survival, and the main predictor variables were the histopathologic subtype, stage, grade and LVI. We plotted Kaplan-Meier curves for survival, tested the equality of survival by log-rank tests and used multivariable Cox regression to determine factors associated with survival.

Results: 12.4% patients predominantly had mucinous adenocarcinoma/signet ring colorectal carcinoma (MAC/SRCC) and 87.6% patients had classical adenocarcinoma (AC). The median age (SD) at diagnosis of MAC/SRCC was 47.8 (16.6) years and 53.8 (15.9) years for AC. SRCC/MAC was significantly associated with more LVI than AC (p=0.002).  In multivariate analysis, factors associated with increased mortality included stage III (aHR=2.56; p=0.009) and stage IV (aHR=6.64; p <0.001). After adjusting for lymph node involvement and metastasis, SRCC/MAC patients had a shorter survival than AC patients; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.229).

Conclusions: In Uganda, the proportion of MAC is similar to that found in the Western world. SRCC/ MAC were associated with more LVI than AC. SRCC/MAC showed a tendency towards decreased overall survival. In Uganda, more patients present with advanced-stage CRC which was associated with poor survival hence national screening guidelines are necessary to improve survival.
Does Self-Efficacy have a Relationship with Career Aspiration? A Study among Secondary School Students in Anambra State
Authors: Nwokolo Chinyelu , Christiana Nwanna Uju
Published: January 2022

Aims: In Anambra state, Nigeria, making a choice of career has remained a constant challenge for many students, especially those in the senior secondary who are on the verge of making a choice of career. This study investigated academic self-efficacy as predictor of achievement career aspiration of secondary school students in Anambra State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study while two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance.

Methodology: The study adopted a correlation research design. The study was carried out in Anambra State. The sample 2,700 SS1 and SS 2 students were selected from a population of 32,450 senior secondary school students. Two research instruments were used for data collection. These are: Career Aspiration Scale (CAS) and Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES). The internal consistency reliability of the instruments was established using Cronbach Alpha statistics. The results are as follows:  CAS 0.891; ASES 0.842. Copies of the questionnaire were distributed and retrieved through direct delivery method. Data collected were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Simple linear regression analysis was used in answering research questions and testing the hypotheses.

Results: The finding of the study revealed among others that academic self-efficacy of the secondary school students is not a significant predictor of their career aspiration.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that academic self-efficacy of secondary school students is not a significant predictor of their achievement career, leaderships and educational aspiration. It was recommended that Guidance Counsellors working in secondary schools should organise workshops that will be geared towards enhancing students’ academic self-efficacy and help them in aspiring for careers that are in line with their academic self-efficacy.
Contemporary Updates on the Role of Mast Cells in Oral Lesions: A Review
Authors: Doddawad Vidya G. , S Shivananda , C.S Vidya , MS Parinitha , Mehdi Seema
Published: January 2022

Mast cell (MCs) is considered the immune cell of myeloid lineage and make a crucial role in the inflammatory process in several types of oral diseases. This mast cell contains 50–200 large granules which are inflammatory mediators, including rich in histamine and heparin. It is mainly found in the connective tissues of the oral mucosa like nerves, blood vessels, and subepithelial areas of the human body. These cells have a key role in the maintenance of many physiologic functions of the body and thus their number was altered in various pathophysiologic diseases of the oral cavity such as benign and malignant tumors, reactive lesions, autoimmune diseases, odontogenic cyst, tumors, etc. The present paper is focused on the current concept and updates on the role and function of mast cells in physiologic and pathologic conditions of the oral cavity.
The effects of recalling generic versus episodic information first on adults' reports of a repeated event
Authors: Danby Meaghan C. , Sharman Stefanie J. , Claringbold Grace
Published: January 2022

Witnesses reporting repeated crimes—like family violence—must report detailed information about individual incidents. Previously, recalling generic information about a repeated event before individual episodes has helped children report more information overall. The current study examined whether adults would also benefit from recalling generic event information first. Seventy‐eight adults completed four activity sessions and were later interviewed about them. All interviews included a generic phase where participants were prompted to recall what usually happens, and an episodic phase where they recalled two individual episodes of the activities. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the generic (n = 38) or the episodic phase first (n = 40). During the generic phase, the generic‐first participants reported more details. However, when reporting the second individual episode, episodic‐first participants reported more details. Findings suggest mild benefits from describing generic event information first, but potential detrimental impacts on subsequent episodic reports are discussed.
Self‐Assembled Epitaxial Ferroelectric Oxide Nanospring with Super‐Scalability
Authors: Dong Guohua , Hu Yue , Guo Changqing , Wu Haijun , Liu Haixia , Peng Ruobo , Xian Dan , Mao Qi , Dong Yongqi , Zhao Yanan , Peng Bin , Wang Zhiguang , Hu Zhongqiang , Zhang Junwei , Wang Xueyun , Hong Jiawang , Luo Zhenlin , Ren Wei , Ye Zuo‐Guang , Jiang Zhuangde , Zhou Ziyao , Huang Houbing , Peng Yong , Liu Ming
Published: January 2022

Oxide nanosprings have attracted many research interests because of their anticorrosion, high‐temperature tolerance, oxidation resistance, and enhanced‐mechanic‐response from unique helix structures, enabling various applications like nanomanipulators, nanomotors, nanoswitches, sensors, and energy harvesters. However, preparing oxide nanosprings is a challenge for their intrinsic lack of elasticity. Here, an approach for preparing self‐assembled, epitaxial, ferroelectric nanosprings with built‐in strain due to the lattice mismatch in freestanding La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/BaTiO3 (LSMO/BTO) bilayer heterostructures is developed. It is found that these LSMO/BTO nanosprings can be extensively pulled or pushed up to their geometrical limits back and forth without breaking, exhibiting super‐scalability with full recovery capability. The phase‐field simulations reveal that the excellent scalability originates from the continuous ferroelastic domain structures, resulting from twisting under co‐existing axial and shear strains. In addition, the oxide heterostructural springs exhibit strong resilience due to the limited plastic deformation nature and the built‐in strain between the bilayers. This discovery provides an alternative way for preparing and operating functional oxide nanosprings that can be applied to various technologies.