bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle behaviors, social and economic disadvantages, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: results from the US National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Duarte Junior Miguel Angelo , Pintos Carrillo Salud , Martínez-Gómez David , Sotos Prieto Mercedes , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Cabanas Sánchez Verónica
Published: February 2024

Aim

To examine the independent relationships of lifestyle and social and economic factors with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a large representative sample of the US adult population. Furthermore, the association between the combination of lifestyle and social and economic factors with mortality was analyzed in detail.

Methods

The sample included 103,314 participants with valid records and eligible for mortality follow-up, and information on lifestyle factors and social and economic disadvantages (NHIS waves 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015). An unhealthy lifestyle score was constructed using information on physical activity, alcohol consumption, diet, and smoking status. Social and economic disadvantages were assessed using information on education, receipt of dividends, employment, family's home, and access to private health. Information on mortality data was determined by the National Death Index records.

Results

Compared with favorable lifestyle, unfavorable lifestyle was associated with higher all-cause (HR 2.07; 95% CI 1.97–2.19) and CVD (HR 1.84; 95% CI 1.68–2.02) mortality. Higher social and economic disadvantages were also associated with higher all-cause (HR 2.44; 95% CI 2.30–2.59) and CVD mortality (HR 2.44; 95% CI 2.16–2.77), compared to low social and economic disadvantages. In joint associations, participants in the high social and economic disadvantage and unfavorable lifestyle showed a greater risk of all-cause (HR 4.06; 95% CI 3.69–4.47) and CVD mortality (HR 3.98; 95% CI 3.31–4.79).

Conclusion

Lifestyle and social and economic disadvantages are associated with all-cause and CVD mortality. The risk of mortality increases as the number of social and economic disadvantages and unhealthy lifestyles increases.
The spread in time and space of COVID-19 pandemic waves: the Italian experience from mortality data analyses
Authors: del Re Daniele , Palla Luigi , Meridiani Paolo , Soffi Livia , Loiudice Michele Tancredi , Antinozzi Martina , Cattaruzza Maria Sofia
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Italy was the first European country affected by COVID-19. Thanks to governmental containment measures (9 March 2020), the spread of COVID-19 was limited. However, in this context, accurate data assessment is crucial and mortality is a more reliable indicator of the virus spread compared to the count of positive cases. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the impact of the pandemic in different areas of Italy using the time series analysis of official deaths and excess COVID-19 deaths.

Methods

Mortality data (23 February–30 April 2022) by Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (ISTAT) were analyzed, including four waves of COVID-19. Previous mortality data (January 2015–November 2019) were used to estimate a Poisson regression model of the pre-pandemic mortality pattern and derive the excess COVID-19 deaths as the difference between the actual deaths number and the extrapolation of the previous mortality pattern to the pandemic period, separately for Northern, Central, and Southern Italy, to compare the impact of mortality across time periods and geographical areas.

Results

Estimated excess compared with official COVID-19 mortality shows that, during the first wave, there was an underestimation of deaths. COVID-19 mortality rate almost doubled the official rate in the North (1.60‰ vs. 0.86‰) and nearly tripled it in the South (0.22‰ vs. 0.08‰). In late 2020-early 2021, official and estimated mortality curves are closer, displaying just a small gap at the start of the second wave. During the fourth wave (end of 2021-early 2022), Northern and Central Italy show reasonable agreement; the South presents a large relative underestimation of deaths (+90% increase), with a large increase in its excess deaths national quota, 9% in the first wave to 42% in the fourth.

Discussion

The results provide a measure of the COVID-19 excess deaths and an unbiased estimate of Italian mortality rates. In the first wave, the gap between official COVID-19 and excess mortality was particularly high and lockdown measures may have reduced the spread of the infection. In the fourth wave, the gap for the South increases again, probably because the healthcare system may not have coped with the prolonged pressure of the pandemic, or for a decreased compliance with the official paper-based mortality surveillance system that could be overcome in the future by digitalizing the process.
Comparison of simulation and predictive efficacy for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome incidence in mainland China based on five time series models
Authors: Wang ZhenDe , Yang ChunXiao , Li Bing , Wu HongTao , Xu Zhen , Feng ZiJian
Published: February 2024

Background

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a zoonotic infectious disease commonly found in Asia and Europe, characterized by fever, hemorrhage, shock, and renal failure. China is the most severely affected region, necessitating an analysis of the temporal incidence patterns in the country.

Methods

We employed Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Nonlinear AutoRegressive with eXogenous inputs (NARX), and a hybrid CNN-LSTM model to model and forecast time series data spanning from January 2009 to November 2023 in the mainland China. By comparing the simulated performance of these models on training and testing sets, we determined the most suitable model.

Results

Overall, the CNN-LSTM model demonstrated optimal fitting performance (with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 93.77/270.66, 7.59%/38.96%, and 64.37/189.73 for the training and testing sets, respectively, lower than those of individual CNN or LSTM models).

Conclusion

The hybrid CNN-LSTM model seamlessly integrates CNN’s data feature extraction and LSTM’s recurrent prediction capabilities, rendering it theoretically applicable for simulating diverse distributed time series data. We recommend that the CNN-LSTM model be considered as a valuable time series analysis tool for disease prediction by policy-makers.
Efficacy of neuroendoscopic-assisted surgery in the management of symptomatic sacral perineural (Tarlov) cysts: a technical report
Authors: Jiang Ying , Dong Lan , Pan Yi-Qi , Zhao Jun , Li Wen-Fang , Zhang Teng-Fei , Zhang Ting , Dai Da-Wei
Published: February 2024

Introduction

The Tarlov cysts are pathological enlargements of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces between the endoneurium and perineurium, which can cause intolerable sciatic pain, motor impairment of lower limbs, and bladder/bowel dysfunction. Currently, the treatment results are unsatisfactory due to the low cure rates and extensive surgical trauma. Thus, there is an ongoing exploration of surgical techniques for Tarlov treatment. In the current study, we present a novel neuroendoscopic-assisted technique that combines the fenestration, leakage sealing, and tamponade of the Tarlov cyst.

Methods

Between January 2020 and December 2021, a total of 32 Tarlov patients were enrolled and received neuroendoscopic-assisted surgery. Their pre- and post-surgical Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, major complaints, and MR imaging were recorded for comparison.

Results

27 of 32 patients (84.4%) patients demonstrated immediate pain relief as their VAS scores decreased from 5.6 ± 1.5 to 2.5 ± 1.1 (p < 0.01) on the first day after surgery. At the 3-month follow-up, the patients' average VAS score continued to decrease (1.94 ± 0.8). Meanwhile, saddle paresthesia, urinary incontinence, and constipation were relieved in 6 (50%), 4 (80%), and 5 (41.7%), respectively, according to patients self-report. No surgical-related complication was observed in any of the cases.

Discussion

We conclude that neuroendoscopic-assisted surgery is an effective surgical method for symptomatic Tarlov cysts with minimized complications.
Timing of Surgery and Social Determinants of Health Related to Pathologic Complete Response after Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Retrospective Study of National Cancer Database
Authors: Mai Megan , Goldman Jodi , Appiah Duke , Abdulrahman Ramzi , Kidwell John , Shi Zheng
Published: February 2024

Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) for rectal adenocarcinoma (RAC) involves multi-agent chemotherapy and radiation before definitive surgery. Previous studies of the rest period (time between radiation and surgery) and pathologic complete response (pCR) have produced mixed results. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the rest period and pCR. This study utilized the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to retrospectively analyze 5997 stage-appropriate RAC cases treated with TNT from 2016 to 2020. The overall pCR rate was 18.6%, with most patients undergoing induction chemotherapy followed by long-course chemoradiation (81.5%). Multivariable logistic regression models revealed a significant non-linear relationship between the rest period and pCR (p = 0.033), with optimal odds at 14.7–15.9 weeks post radiation (odds ratio: 1.49, 95% confidence interval: 1.13–1.98) when compared to 4.0 weeks. Medicaid, distance to the treatment facility, and community education were associated with decreased odds of pCR. Findings highlight the importance of a 15–16-week post-radiation surgery window for achieving pCR in RAC treated with TNT and socioeconomic factors influencing pCR rates. Findings also emphasize the need for clinical trials to incorporate detailed analyses of the rest period and social determinant of health to better guide clinical practice.
Emergency Pump-Rate Regulation to Mitigate Water-Hammer Effect—An Integrated Data-Driven Strategy and Case Studies
Authors: Hou Lei , Gong Peibin , Sun Hai , Zhang Lei , Ren Jianhua , Cheng Yiyan
Published: February 2024

Pump-rate regulation is frequently used during hydraulic fracturing operations in order to maintain the pressure within a safe range. An emergency pump-rate reduction or pump shutdown is usually applied under the condition of sand screen-out when advancing hydraulic fractures are blocked by injected proppant and develop wellhead overpressure. The drastic regulation of the pump rate induces water-hammer effects—hydraulic shocks—on the wellbore due to the impulsive pressure. This wellbore shock damages the well integrity and then increases the risk of material leakage into water resources or the atmosphere, depending on the magnitude of the impulsive pressure. Therefore, appropriate emergency pump-rate regulation can both secure the fracturing operation and enhance well-completion integrity for environmental requirements—a rare mutual benefit to both sides of the argument. Previous studies have revealed the tube vibration, severe stress concentration, and sand production induced by water-hammer effects in high-pressure wells during oil/gas production. However, the water-hammer effect, the induced impulsive pressures, and the mitigation measures are rarely reported for hydraulic fracturing injections. In this study, we present a data-driven workflow integrating real-time monitoring and regulation strategies, which is applied in four field cases under the emergency operation condition (screen-out or near screen-out). A stepwise pump-rate regulation strategy was deployed in the first three cases. The corresponding maximum impulsive pressure fell in the range of 3.7~7.4 MPa. Furthermore, a sand screen-out case, using a more radical regulation strategy, induced an impulsive pressure 2 or 3 times higher (~14.7 MPa) than the other three cases. Compared with the traditional method of sharp pump-rate regulation in fields, stepwise pump-rate regulation is recommended to constrain the water-hammer effect based on the evolution of impulsive pressures, which can be an essential operational strategy to secure hydraulic fracturing and well integrity, especially for fracturing geologically unstable formations (for instance, formations near faults).
Tiny Guides, Big Impact: Focus on the Opportunities and Challenges of miR-Based Treatments for ARDS
Authors: Vaswani Chirag M. , Simone Julia , Pavelick Jacqueline L. , Wu Xiao , Tan Greaton W. , Ektesabi Amin M. , Gupta Sahil , Tsoporis James N. , dos Santos Claudia C.
Published: February 2024

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by lung inflammation and increased membrane permeability, which represents the leading cause of mortality in ICUs. Mechanical ventilation strategies are at the forefront of supportive approaches for ARDS. Recently, an increasing understanding of RNA biology, function, and regulation, as well as the success of RNA vaccines, has spurred enthusiasm for the emergence of novel RNA-based therapeutics. The most common types of RNA seen in development are silencing (si)RNAs, antisense oligonucleotide therapy (ASO), and messenger (m)RNAs that collectively account for 80% of the RNA therapeutics pipeline. These three RNA platforms are the most mature, with approved products and demonstrated commercial success. Most recently, miRNAs have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression. Their dysregulation in various clinical conditions offers insights into ARDS pathogenesis and offers the innovative possibility of using microRNAs as targeted therapy. This review synthesizes the current state of the literature to contextualize the therapeutic potential of miRNA modulation. It considers the potential for miR-based therapeutics as a nuanced approach that incorporates the complexity of ARDS pathophysiology and the multifaceted nature of miRNA interactions.
TMEM119 (c.G143A, p.S48L) Mutation Is Involved in Primary Failure of Eruption by Attenuating Glycolysis-Mediated Osteogenesis
Authors: Xu Mindi , Wang Dandan , Li Kefan , Ma Tianyu , Wang Yixiang , Xia Bin
Published: February 2024

Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a rare oral disease with an incidence rate of 0.06%. It is characterized by abnormal eruption mechanisms that disrupt tooth eruption. The underlying pathogenic genetic variant and mechanism of PFE remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of a novel transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119) mutation in two PFE patients in a Chinese family. Information collection was performed on the family with a diagnosis of PFE, and blood samples from patients and healthy family members were extracted. Whole-exome sequencing was performed. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that a heterozygous variant in the TMEM119 gene (c.G143A, p.S48L) was a disease-associated mutation in this family. Recombinant pcDNA3.1 plasmid-containing wild-type and mutant TMEM119 expression cassettes were successfully constructed and transfected into MC3T3-E1 cells, respectively. The results of in vitro analysis suggested that the subcellular distribution of the TMEM119 protein was transferred from the cell cytoplasm to the nucleus, and the ability of cells to proliferate and migrate as well as glycolytic and mineralized capacities were reduced after mutation. Furthermore, rescue assays showed that activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) overexpression rescued the attenuated glycolysis and mineralization ability of cells. Results of in vivo analysis demonstrated that TMEM119 was mainly expressed in the alveolar bone around the mouse molar germs, and the expression level increased with tooth eruption, demonstrated using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Collectively, the novel TMEM119 mutation is potentially pathogenic in the PFE family by affecting the glucose metabolism and mineralized function of osteoblasts, including interaction with ATF4. Our findings broaden the gene mutation spectrum of PFE and further elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of PFE.
Emerging Roles of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways in the Regulation of Fruit Ripening and Postharvest Quality
Authors: Jin Juan , Wang Wei , Fan Dingyu , Hao Qing , Jia Wensuo
Published: February 2024

Fleshy fruit ripening is a unique biological process that involves dramatic changes in a diverse array of cellular metabolisms. The regulation of these metabolisms is essentially mediated by cellular signal transduction of internal (e.g., hormones) and external cues (i.e., environmental stimuli). Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play crucial roles in a diverse array of biological processes, such as plant growth, development and biotic/abiotic responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that MAPK signaling pathways are also implicated in fruit ripening and quality formation. However, while MAPK signaling has been extensively reviewed in Arabidopsis and some crop plants, the comprehensive picture of how MAPK signaling regulates fruit ripening and quality formation remains unclear. In this review, we summarize and discuss research in this area. We first summarize recent studies on the expression patterns of related kinase members in relation to fruit development and ripening and then summarize and discuss the crucial evidence of the involvement of MAPK signaling in fruit ripening and quality formation. Finally, we propose several perspectives, highlighting the research matters and questions that should be afforded particular attention in future studies.
New Forms of Neuroactive Phospholipids for DHA Enrichment in Brain
Authors: Gomes Romina , Mendes Inês , Duarte Maria Paula , Bandarra Narcisa M. , Gomes-Bispo Ana
Published: February 2024

Low levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the brain have been related to neurological disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). After ingestion, dietary DHA must cross the blood–brain barrier, where it is absorbed as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), due to its role as a preferential DHA carrier in the brain. This work aimed at the production of LPC-DHA extracts to be used in supplementation/food fortification intended neural enrichment in DHA. As it is rich in DHA, especially its phospholipids (PL), Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus, caught in Spring/2022) was used as a raw material. The polar lipids fraction was separated and hydrolysed with Rhizomucor miehei lipase, to enzymatically convert phosphatidylcholine (PC) into LPC. The fish (muscle and by-products) lipids fraction was used for total lipids (TL) content, lipid classes (LC) and fatty acid (FA) profile evaluation, whilst polar lipids extracts were studied for LC production and FA analysis. Muscle TL ranged between 1.45 and 4.64 g/100 g (WW), while by-products accounted for 7.56-8.96 g/100 g, with the highest contents being found in March. However, PL were more abundant in muscle (22.46–32.20% of TL). For polar lipids extracts, PL represented 50.79% of TL, among which PC corresponded to 57.76% and phosphatidylethanolamine to 42.24%. After hydrolysis, nearly half of this PC was converted into LPC. When compared to the initial PC, DHA relative content (33.6% of total FA) was significantly higher after hydrolysis: 55.6% in PC and 73.6% in LPC. Such extract, obtained from this undervalued species, may represent a promising strategy to increase DHA uptake into brain cells while allowing this species to upgrade.
Effects of Visible Light on Gas Sensors: From Inorganic Resistors to Molecular Material-Based Heterojunctions
Authors: Ganesh Moorthy Sujithkumar , Bouvet Marcel
Published: February 2024

In the last two decades, many research works have been focused on enhancing the properties of gas sensors by utilising external triggers like temperature and light. Most interestingly, the light-activated gas sensors show promising results, particularly using visible light as an external trigger that lowers the power consumption as well as improves the stability, sensitivity and safety of the sensors. It effectively eliminates the possible damage to sensing material caused by high operating temperature or high energy light. This review summarises the effect of visible light illumination on both chemoresistors and heterostructure gas sensors based on inorganic and organic materials and provides a clear understanding of the involved phenomena. Finally, the fascinating concept of ambipolar gas sensors is presented, which utilised visible light as an external trigger for inversion in the nature of majority charge carriers in devices. This review should offer insight into the current technologies and offer a new perspective towards future development utilising visible light in light-assisted gas sensors.
Lessons Learnt from Monitoring the Etna Volcano Using an IoT Sensor Network through a Period of Intense Eruptive Activity
Authors: Royer Laurent , Terray Luca , Rubéo-Lisa Maxime , Sudre Julien , Gauthier Pierre-Jean , Claude Alexandre , Giammanco Salvatore , Pecora Emilio , Principato Paolo , Breton Vincent
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the successes and failures after 4 years of continuous operation of a network of sensors, communicating nodes, and gateways deployed on the Etna Volcano in Sicily since 2019, including a period of Etna intense volcanic activity that occurred in 2021 and resulted in over 60 paroxysms. It documents how the installation of gateways at medium altitude allowed for data collection from sensors up to the summit craters. Most of the sensors left on the volcanic edifice during winters and during this period of intense volcanic activity were destroyed, but the whole gateway infrastructure remained fully operational, allowing for a very fruitful new field campaign two years later, in August 2023. Our experience has shown that the best strategy for IoT deployment on very active and/or high-altitude volcanoes like Etna is to permanently install gateways in areas where they are protected both from meteorological and volcanic hazards, that is mainly at the foot of the volcanic edifice, and to deploy temporary sensors and communicating nodes in the more exposed areas during field trips or in the summer season.
Strategi Pengembangan Keilmuan dan Kualitas Pendidikan dalam Mencapai Indikator Kinerja Umum (Perspektif Administrasi Dan Kebijakan Publik)
Authors: Sihombing Marlon
Published: February 2024

Knowledge dynamics, likened to perishable food by Samuel Arbesman (2012), underscore the need for continuous development and maintenance to prevent obsolescence. Thomas Jones (1966) reported that half of an engineer's knowledge becomes outdated within 10 years. By 2019, this obsolescence period was estimated to be only 2.5 to 5 years (Agus Pranusinto, 2020). Therefore, knowledge maintenance and development must be done dynamically, driven by scientific validity and policy relevance. In public administration, scientific validity involves generalizability, universality, and replicability, while policy relevance ensures contextual solutions to complex social issues (Moeljarto Tjokrowinoto, 2013). Synergy between vision and precision is key; vision strengthens conceptual validity, while precision enhances methodology. Factors such as social dynamics, global competition, technological revolutions (Industry 4.0 and 5.0), and the COVID-19 pandemic necessitate adaptive knowledge development. Although technology offers opportunities, Indonesia's lag in various global indices underscores the importance of effective collaboration among all stakeholders. The pandemic demonstrates technology's potential for public service efficiency. Leveraging this success for academic development and educational improvement poses a significant challenge for policymakers and academics.
Keberadaan Marketplace Sebagai Pihak Ketiga Dalam Jual Beli Online
Authors: Handayani Rahmi , Azwar Tengku Keizerina Devi , Leviza Jelly , Sukarja Detania
Published: February 2024

Jual beli online telah menjadi fenomena yang mendominasi perdagangan modern seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi dan informasi. Fenomena ini menghadirkan peran signifikan dari marketplace sebagai pihak ketiga yang berfungsi sebagai perantara transaksi antara penjual dan pembeli. Dalam konteks ini, transaksi online melibatkan platform-platform marketplace yang menyediakan wadah bagi pelaku jual beli, terutama dalam model consumer to consumer (C2C). Salah satu aspek penting yang dibahas adalah peran marketplace dalam transaksi dengan sistem pre-order, yang menjadi salah satu bentuk transaksi populer dalam ekosistem jual beli online. Penelitian ini mengulas aspek keabsahan transaksi, perlindungan hukum untuk konsumen, dan tanggung jawab marketplace, dengan fokus khusus pada analisis kasus pada situs belanja online Shopee Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif dengan analisis deskriptif, menggabungkan peraturan perundang-undangan dan teori hukum sebagai kerangka kerja penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang bagaimana keberadaan marketplace sebagai pihak ketiga memengaruhi dinamika jual beli online, serta memberikan pemahaman tentang isu-isu keabsahan transaksi, perlindungan hukum, dan tanggung jawab yang terkait dengan marketplace dalam ekosistem jual beli online.
Pengetahuan Masyarakat Desa Dajan Peken terhadap Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Sumber
Authors: Laksmiwati Ida Ayu Alit , Wedasantara Ida Bagus Oka , Budarsa Gede
Published: February 2024

Rapid population growth in urban areas has a significant impact on environmental quality, especially in waste management. Waste-related problems are a global concern, not only limited to urban centers, but also spreading to rural areas which require joint efforts. Responding to Bali Province's waste management directives, Dajan Peken Village in Tabanan Regency has started a waste management initiative involving the community. This research aims to assess the condition of waste in Dajan Peken Village which originates from various community activities and explore community knowledge about managing their household waste. The findings show that waste in this village comes not only from households but also from markets, kiosks, offices, schools and places of worship. Even though the community already has fairly good knowledge, ongoing outreach efforts and promotion of the 3R movement are still needed. This research provides localized insights, emphasizing the importance of sustainable waste management practices.
Manajemen Riayah Masjid Al-Hidayah Kelurahan Bandar Selamat Medan
Authors: Adriansyah Ilham Budi , Haikal Muhammad Fachran
Published: February 2024

This research explores the Riayah Management of Al-Hidayah Mosque in Bandar Selamat Village, Medan, focusing on the understanding and obstacles in its maintenance. Through a descriptive qualitative approach using interviews, observations, and documentation, the results show that the mosque is progressing despite facing some challenges. The challenges include the lack of human resource development that is still in the revamping stage, the inconsistency of the mosque's SOP that causes unexpected negligence, limited funds for maintenance, and the lack of active participation from the congregation. A deeper understanding of mosque management, knowledge renewal, and active support from the congregation are needed to create a better mosque environment. Therefore, mosque administrators are advised to continue deepening their knowledge of relevant management concepts as well as maintaining existing working principles. Overall, this study makes an important contribution to the understanding of mosque management and highlights the need for continuous improvement in maintenance to enhance the welfare of Muslims.
Strengthening Naval Diplomacy RI-US in Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance through Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training 2024
Authors: Aliyah Yurizki , Mahroza Jonni , Alam Tasdik Mustika , Sutanto Rudy , Patmi Sri , Prakoso Lukman Yudho
Published: February 2024

This research discusses the joint exercise between the Indonesian Navy, the US Navy, and the US Marines (USMC), namely Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) to carry out Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR), littoral warfare, and coastal defence missions. This research uses descriptive qualitative related to Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT). CARAT is implemented bilaterally to enhance the maritime partnership between Indonesia and the US. For Indonesia, building a maritime partnership with the US should focus on bilateral interests as well as regional security. For the US, the CARAT programme in Indonesia can be seen as part of an effort to strengthen its influence in Southeast Asia, including facing China's dominance in the region. Based on the above background, the researcher formulates the problem, namely how to strengthen Indonesia's cooperative relationship with the United States in the face of China's dominance in the Southeast Asian region. Data collection is obtained from literature review by collecting various articles, books, journals, or other sources.   The results of this study indicate that to strengthen Indonesia's cooperative relationship with the United States in the face of China's dominance in the Southeast Asian region, is to increase cooperation in the field of security and defence, through Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training 2024. This will help strengthen Indonesia's defence capacity and also send a signal to China that Indonesia is not easily intimidated. It is also important to continue to build relations with China in a critical but constructive manner, by promoting dialogue and diplomacy to seek points of agreement and achieve stability in the Southeast Asian region as a whole. CARAT activities are an effective strategy in enhancing security stability in the region through maritime defence cooperation. The programme benefits partner countries in building relationships of trust, enhancing defence capabilities and combating maritime threats. To increase the effectiveness of CARAT, it is recommended that partner countries continue to be committed to the programme and maintain good cooperation with the US navy and other countries in the region.
Perkembangan Penjahit Kelurahan Purus: Eksistensi Penjahit Pantai Purus Pasca Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Fitrisia Azmi , Abror Abror , Soleh Friska Muflihun
Published: February 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak signifikan bagi ekonomi dunia. Terkhusus di Padang, penjahit Kelurahan Purus menjadi salah yang paling terdampak. Berdasarkan kategori usaha penjahit purus digolongkan sebagai penjahit kecil dan menengah. Pertanyaannya bagaimana perkembangan usaha jahit dan strategi eksistensi penjahit pasca pendemi Covid-19.metode penelitian menggunakan Deskriptif Kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan kajian pustaka dan data dari lapangan sebagai pendukung. Studi kepustakaan pada Kelurahan Purus, Perpustakaan UNP dan data internet. Wawancara dilakukan dengan pihak kelurahan, penjahit, tim ahli dan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil penelitian ini adalah di Kelurahan Purus terdapat kurang lebih 30 orang penjahit. Usaha jahitan pasca pandemic Covid-19 mengalami perkembangan yang lambat. Maka dari itu, para penjahit menggunakan strategi investasi biologis, strategi suksesif, strategi edukatif, dan strategi investasi ekonomi untuk menjaga eksistensi mereka. Pasca pandemic Covid-19 para penjahit Purus secara perlahan telah mulai mendapatkan kekuatan ekonomi mereka kembali.
Suplementação nutricional na rotina policial militar: desafios específicos e considerações práticas
Authors: Stapassoli Raphael Alves , Da Silva Caroline Schmidt
Published: February 2024

A obesidade é um dos problemas de saúde mais graves da atualidade. Mais preocupante quando consideramos o seu impacto dentre os policiais militares. Profissionais de grande relevância para sociedade, mas submetidos a um estresse e adversidades contínuas. Este artigo tem como objetivo trazer os aspectos práticos da suplementação nutricional como uma estratégia de promover saúde aos policiais. Metodologia: revisão bibliográfica de caráter integrativa, qualitativa e exploratória. Busca através dos bancos de dados Medline, Scielo e Lilacs com busca pelas palavras chaves: policial militar; suplementação dietética; atividade física, obesidade,  busca por artigos dos últimos 10 anos ou amplamente difundidos nos guidelines internacionais. Desenvolvimento: as duras demandas impostas pela rotina a ser enfrentada pelo policial militar são frequentemente associadas a uma série de fatores que podem desencadear situações impactantes à saúde física e mental do militar. Essas dificultam os pilares de uma vida saudável como rotina dietética, bom funcionamento intestinal, prática de atividade física, qualidade de sono, gerenciamento do estresse. Os suplementos não substituem a alimentação balanceada e devem ser prescritos por profissional capacitado, mas podem contribuir com a recuperação muscular com a creatina, manutenção de massa magra e déficit calórico com suplementos proteicos, melhora da qualidade do sono com melatonina. Conclusão: a suplementação dietética é uma ótima estratégia para a um estilo de vida mais saudável dos policiais militares, mas deve ser adjuvante a mudança de hábitos do próprio indivíduo, a cultura institucional visando a promoção de saúde entre esses profissionais e do suporte de nutricionistas, médicos nutrólogos e preparadores físicos devidamente capacitados. Além disso, esse estudo demonstra a necessidade de mais estudos específicos para essa população em análise, bem como protocolos institucionais que tenham essa finalidade.
Clustering the Impacts of The Russia-Ukraine War on Personnel and Equipment
Authors: Utomo Wargijono
Published: February 2024

In post-pandemic recovery efforts, uncertainty arose due to the unresolved conflict between the Russia-Ukraine war. This conflict impacts world security stability and affects the economic, energy, and food sectors. This conflict also impacts humanity by causing death to civilians and military personnel, including children in Ukraine. The clustering analysis results of the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war show losses and losses in personnel and war equipment, with three cluster optimization methods used through k-means. Of the two methods that can be recommended, namely elbow and Silhouette, both produce K=3. The profiling results show that losses or losses in Ukrainian personnel and war equipment are categorized into three clusters, with cluster one being the lowest category, cluster two being the very high category, and cluster three being the moderate category. This research is helpful for state agencies, international organizations (NGOs), and other stakeholders.
Extreme Programming Method for Integrated Service System Website Development in Rejosari Village
Authors: Supriyati Eka , Gustalika Muhamad Azrino
Published: February 2024

The Rejosari Village Hall provides a manual letter submission service which is sometimes problematic, including when residents are about to submit an application letter, they have to come directly to the village hall office while the residents are still out of town. Apart from that, there was no media information which resulted when they were going to submit the requirements for the letters they brought were not in accordance, then from the data collection, and the letters were still in the books. Therefore we need a service system for the submission of letters. This integrated service system for residents of Rejosari Village is a web-based information system, the use of technology in the form of a website makes it easier to receive all forms of existing information. The Extreme Programming (XP) method is applied in developing this system, a software engineering process that refers to an object-oriented approach. The stages of this method start from the planning, design, coding and testing stages using black box testing with descriptive analysis techniques, which produce tests in the form of a proportion value of 96.42% and have a possible interpretation. In addition, this system can impact progress in the field of informatics in the form of information media as well as learning materials.
K-Means Clustering Method for Determining Waste Transportation Routes to Landfill
Authors: Prasetyo Almas Nurfarid Budi , Maimunah Maimunah , Sukmasetya Pristi
Published: February 2024

Waste is worsening in Magelang City, especially in urban areas. As a result of poorly managed waste disposal, a landfill is needed. Magelang City has a landfill called TPA Banyuurip, located in Plumbon Hamlet, Banyuurip Village, Tegalrejo Subdistrict, Magelang City. From this case, the application of the kmeans clustering method to determine the efficiency of the waste transportation route to the landfill is needed. The research began by conducting direct observations at the Banyuurip landfill by interviewing the drivers of waste vehicles to find out information such as waste sources, transportation schedules, etc. In this study, the data used are the name and address of the supplier, sub-district, coordinate point, and distance from the supplier's place to the landfill. After data collection, data preprocessing is done by dividing and selecting data based on sub-districts. Then the data is processed using the kmeans clustering algorithm to divide the route efficiency and the haversine formula algorithm to determine the closest distance between clusters. After the data has been successfully processed, the number of clusters is 4 for north Magelang, where each cluster will become a corridor with four routes. For central Magelang, 2 clusters with two routes, while for south Magelang, the results are 4 clusters with four routes. From these results, the evaluation results using silhouette score for data clustering of 3 sub-districts are 0.632560 for North Magelang, 0.640667 for Central Magelang, and 0.630186 for South Magelang. This method is expected to help in grouping routes and mapping supplier areas effectively and efficiently in the waste transportation process in Magelang City.
The Best Employee Decision Support System Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Method at PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero)
Authors: Novianti Deny , Oktaviani Anggi , Sarkawi Dahlia , Aldyanto Aldyanto , Syahidan Ahmad Faren
Published: February 2024

Selecting the best employees aims to spur employee morale by improving performance and dedication. The selection of the best employees is selected based on company criteria. PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry (PERSERO) The best employee criteria applied by the company are Work Quantity, Work Quality, Attendance, Teamwork, and Initiative. Employee assessment is carried out every month by the assessment team (Vice President (VP) and Manager). The problem faced is determining the best employees with criteria and alternatives that are calculated manually. This system is a Decision Support System (DSS) built using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Previously, the evaluation process for selecting the best employees had never been done. Some of the problems encountered were the absence of an employee performance appraisal process, there was no appropriate selection method, and a Decision Support System (DSS) was not available that could make it easier to assess the selection of the best employees.
Analysis of Indonesian Language Dataset for Tax Court Cases: Multiclass Classification of Court Verdicts
Authors: Kemala Ade Putera , Shiddiqi Hafizh Ash
Published: February 2024

Tax is an obligation that arises due to the existence of laws, creating a duty for citizens to contribute a certain portion of their income to the state. The Tax Court serves as a judicial authority for taxpayers seeking justice in tax disputes, handling various types of taxes on a daily basis. This paper presents an analysis of an Indonesian language dataset of tax court cases, aiming to perform multiclass classification to predict court verdicts. The dataset undergoes preprocessing steps, while data augmentation using oversampling and label weighting techniques address class imbalance. Two models, bi-LSTM and IndoBERT, are utilized for classification. The research produced a final result of model with 75.83% using IndoBERT model. The results demonstrate the efficacy of both models in predicting court verdicts. This research has implications for predicting court conclusions with limited case details, providing valuable insights for legal decision-making processes. The findings contribute to the field of legal data analysis, showcasing the potential of NLP techniques in understanding and predicting court outcomes, thus enhancing the efficiency of legal proceedings.
Ultra-Micro Lending Eligibility Support System With Exponential Comparison Method (MPE)
Authors: Wiliani Ninuk , Supatra Mulyana Adi , Wahyono Herry
Published: February 2024

The process of providing credit can now be done quickly and closely through the presence of BRILink agents with additional facilities in addition to payment points, namely as partners of ultra-micro loans, which are now popularly called UMi Partners, where BRILink agents can distribute microloans with a loan range of 1 to 5 million. This is done by management as a financial inclusion program and as a revitalization of work in all operational work units (UKO). This research uses the Exponential Comparison Method (MPE) to determine credit granting decisions to optimize all existing information systems by implementing a system that can be used and run by UMi partners to improve the process of providing creditworthiness to their partners. The results of the calculations carried out by the system are manual calculations that have been carried out so that the results of this study can be applied correctly to produce creditworthiness that helps the credit-granting process.
El régimen de los partidos políticos en Costa Rica: ¿son estos suficientemente representativos?
Authors: María Fernanda Rojas Arias , Miguel Ángel Ortiz Hidalgo
Published: February 2024

Realiza un análisis histórico relacionado con la instauración de las asambleas distritales como primer escalón para que los partidos políticos accedan a puestos de elección popular, requisito considerado como mínimo de participación para determinar si dicho régimen, en efecto, los torna verdaderamente representativos del pueblo costarricense, tanto a escala territorial sectorial como “social”. Este recuento histórico tiene el propósito de analizar y conocer las propuestas de reforma al Código Electoral presentado en la exposición de motivos del proyecto de ley denominado “Ley para fortalecer la representatividad e institucionalidad de los partidos políticos”, presentado por el Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones a la corriente legislativa el 29 de marzo del 2023
Reformas a la figura ejecutiva municipal en Costa Rica: hacia las elecciones municipales de 2024
Authors: Eugenia C. Aguirre Raftacco
Published: February 2024

Las elecciones municipales de 2024 enfrentarán una serie de reformas electorales que generan cambios en el proceso de selección de candidaturas y de inscripción de la figura de la alcaldía municipal. Se trata de la limitación a la reelección de las autoridades locales y la exigencia de la paridad de género en postulaciones a cargos uninominales. El artículo presenta un abordaje de la evolución del cargo de alcaldía municipal a partir del año 2002, seguido de un repaso del proceso de aprobación de cada una de las reformas electorales presentadas. Finalmente, se plantean posibles hipótesis de trabajo a partir de los resultados electorales de 2024.Las elecciones municipales de 2024 enfrentarán una serie de reformas electorales que generan cambios en el proceso de selección de candidaturas y de inscripción de la figura de la alcaldía municipal. Se trata de la limitación a la reelección de las autoridades locales y la exigencia de la paridad de género en postulaciones a cargos uninominales. El artículo presenta un abordaje de la evolución del cargo de alcaldía municipal a partir del año 2002, seguido de un repaso del proceso de aprobación de cada una de las reformas electorales presentadas. Finalmente, se plantean posibles hipótesis de trabajo a partir de los resultados electorales de 2024
“Se dice de mi”: la comunicación política de candidatas, electas y de magistradas
Authors: Gustavo Román Jacobo
Published: February 2024

Se enfoca en el acoso que reciben las mujeres tanto en puestos públicos, como cuando se postulan a cargos de elección popular. La disertación aparte de exponer una serie de perjuicios preconcebidos por la sociedad hacia las mujeres que han decidido tomar la palabra y tener incidencia en la esfera pública, ofrece una serie de pautas para el manejo de la comunicación para contrarrestarlos
La labor de la Unidad de Investigación y la Fiscalización de Registradoras Auxiliares
Authors: Rosa María Calvo Jara
Published: February 2024

Ofrece una descripción de los procedimientos que se ejecutan en la Unidad de Investigación y Fiscalización de Registradores Auxiliares, específicamente la función fiscalizadora de las labores que desempeñan las personas registradoras auxiliares, velando por el cumplimiento de la normativa emitida para este fin; el correcto uso, custodia, estado, control y envío de los certificados de declaración de hechos civiles que para tales efectos brinda la Dirección General del Registro Civil del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones. Igualmente, emprende investigaciones y estudios de verificación de la información declarada cuando la complejidad de los casos fiscalizados así lo ameriten y lleva el control de las acciones legales y administrativas ejercidas como resultado de las intervenciones.
Pathway to a Better Future
Authors: Octaviani Natasya , Meliana Magsyanda , Yudhistira Putu Gde Arie
Published: February 2024

Community-Based Tourism (CBT) has become increasingly popular in recent years. This is due to the increasing interest of tourists in traveling more authentically. The CBT concept seeks to create sustainable tourism that positively impacts the local economy. Sayan Tourism Village is one of the Tourism Villages that has implemented the concept. The purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of CBT in supporting local economic growth in Sayan Tourism Village. The research method used is qualitative research with an exploratory study approach. Data were collected through literature review, observation, and interviews with the Village Government and tourism industry players in Sayan Tourism Village. The results showed that the implementation of CBT in Sayan Tourism Village has had a positive impact on the local economy.
Wozu eigentlich? Kritisch konstruktive Anfragen an Berufsfeldpraktika im Studium zum Lehrberuf
Authors: Leonhard Tobias
Published: February 2024

Angehende Lehrkräfte studieren mehrere (Unterrichts-)Fächer, bildungswissenschaftliche Elemente und schulpraktische Studien. Vor diesem Hintergrund fragt der Beitrag nach Stellenwert, Zielen und Bezug eines außerschulischen Praktikums als „Zusatzelement“ angesichts der Vielfalt der Studienelemente im Lehramtsstudium sowie der aktuellen studentischen Lebenswelten. Er kommt zu dem Schluss, dass außerschulische Berufsfeldpraktika wenig Relevanz für den späteren Lehrer:innenberuf haben. (DIPF/Orig.)
Berufsfeldpraktikum Digital lehren lernen im Fach Deutsch. Fachdidaktische Professionalisierung für individuelle Lernbegleitung im digitalen Raum
Authors: Morek Miriam , Göbel Oliver
Published: February 2024

Die Autor*innen stellen ein an der Universität Duisburg-Essen angesiedeltes außerschulisches Lernbegleitungskonzept in Kooperation mit einer ehrenamtlichen Bildungsinitiative vor, das individuelle, digital vermittelte Unterstützung für Schüler:innen mit Nachhilfe- und Förderbedarf im Fach Deutsch bietet. (DIPF/Orig.)
Das (hybride) Begleitseminar zum Berufsfeldpraktikum im Ausland an der Universität zu Köln. Was wir aus der Pandemie mitnehmen (wollen)
Authors: Springob Jan , Veldscholten Jan
Published: February 2024

Die Autoren berichten über ein Seminarformat für Lehramtsstudierende der Universität zu Köln, die ihr BFP im Ausland absolvieren. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die Veränderung des Seminars durch die Herausforderungen der Corona-Pandemie und der Umgestaltung hin zu einem hybriden Lernformat gelegt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Presentación
Authors: Ruiz Iván
Published: February 2024

-