bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GC-MS-MS profiling and toxicity of ethyl acetate extracts of some botanicals against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) in stored maize
Authors: ANANDHABHAIRAVI N. , SHANTHI M. , VELLAIKUMAR S. , ARIVARASAN S. , JAYAPAL P.
Published: January 2024

Ethyl acetate extracts of certain botanicals were evaluated in the laboratory for their contact and oral toxicity at 5% concentration against Sitophilus oryzae L. at Natural Pesticide Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu during 2019-21. The result revealed that all the botanicals were effective against S. oryzae compared to the control. Considering the contact toxicity, 5% ethyl acetate extract of Mentha spicata (86.67%) performed better 72 h after treatment. Vitex negundo and Ocimum sanctum caused (83.33%) mortality 72 h after treatment concerning oral toxicity. Mentha spicata caused 93.33% mortality after 15 days of treatment, whereas Vitex negundo, Ocimum sanctum and Tagetes erecta leaf caused 90.00% mortality, which was statistically at par with Mentha spicata. GC-MS-MS study revealed the presence of carvone (38.27%) at the retention time of 7.644, Hexadecanoic acid (2.13%) at the retention time of 27.600, Isopulegol (1.41%) at the retention time of 27.290 and phytochemicals with insecticidal potential in Mentha spicata.Whereas in Ocimum sanctum, Eugenol (59.72%) was the major compound at the retention time of 9.9. Hence, it was concluded that among the tested ethyl acetate extracts, Mentha spicata at 5% was the most effective as a contact and oral toxicant against S. oryzae in stored maize, which possesses the bioactive principle of carvone and it can be developed as an eco-friendly botanical formulation.
Effect of intercropping system on the growth and yield of baby corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: ANITHA T. , VENKATESAN S.
Published: January 2024

A study was conducted on the possibility of growing vegetables (such as fenugreek, radish and Amaranthus) in baby corn and to investigate the impact of intercropping and competition indices of the intercropping systems. Therefore, this experiment was conducted in farmer’s field of Nambal village, Mancherial district, Telangana during the year of 2022-23 to assess the performance of baby corn intercropping with different vegetable crops. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 10 treatments comprising baby corn as main crop along with radish, fenugreek and Amaranthus as intercrops and control (sole baby corn) replicated thrice. The results of the research revealed that sole baby corn registered the maximum plant height (172.39 cm), number of leaves (14.68), leaf area (639.75 cm2), leaf area index (6.26) and dry matter production (9.5 t/ha) which were at par with baby corn + fenugreek intercropping system. The yield parameters viz. number of cobs per plant (3.07), cob length (16.21 cm), cob girth (6.82 cm) and individual cob weight (76.72 g), cob yield g/plant (166.23 g) cob yield t/ha (7.3 t/ha) and green fodder yield (23.2 t/ha) were consistently greater in baby corn + fenugreek and at par with sole baby corn intercropping system.
Occurrence, diversity and community analysis of plant parasitic nematodes associated with vegetable crops
Authors: NEOG PRANJAL PRATIM
Published: January 2024

A survey of vegetable crops in Biswanath district of Assam was conducted during April 2021 to December 2022 to record the plant parasitic nematode community structure. Six species of plant parasitic nematodes viz., Meloidogyne sp, Helicotylenchus sp, Hoplolaimus sp., Tylenchorhynchus sp., Xiphinema sp. and Pratylenchus sp., were isolated and identified from 100 soil samples collected from rhizosphere of different vegetable crops. Analysis of nematode communities revealed that among the plant parasitic nematodes Meloidogyne sp. was predominant and encountered in most of the samples with 93% frequency of occurrence followed by Hoplolaimus sp. (90%). The lowest frequency was recorded in case of Pratylenchus sp. (14%). Meloidogyne sp. had the highest density of 235.29 numbers followed by Hoplolaimus sp. (135 nos.). Among the community of plant parasitic nematodes, Meloidogyne sp. was found to be most prominent with highest prominence value (22.69) followed by Hoplolaimus sp. (12.80) and Pratylenchus sp. was the least prominent (0.57).
Impact of extrafloral nectar of Kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus L. (Malvaceae) on life history parameters and parasitization of Aenasius advena Compere (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)
Authors: PUNGAVI R. , NALINI T.
Published: January 2024

Studies were conducted to observe the effect of extrafloral nectar (EFN) on the life history parameters of Aenasius advena Compere in the Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India. Longevity of A. advena was found highest in females and males at 26.80 and 15.70 days when fed with EFN, respectively which was followed by 100% honey and glucose. Among the treatments EFN and 100% honey the number of female and male progenies produced per female ranged from (highest to lowest) 46.40, 22.00 to 6.00, 2.00 and 23.58, 26.00 to 1.00, 0.20, respectively during four weeks. The provision of EFN and 100% honey to mated female produced 40.45 and 24.44 eggs during four weeks, respectively. The sex ratio (female) of A. advena was recorded highest as 77.78 in EFN in 1stweek and 83.33 in 100% honey in 4thweek. Parasitization of A. advena on Ferrisia virgata was found highest for EFN (65.14 %) and 100% honey (47.22 %) during the second week. Thus, providing EFN can boost parasitoid survival, fecundity, sex ratio (female) and parasitism rates.
Profitability analysis of lamb fattening in small-scale farmers in West Bank, Palestine
Authors: ISTAITIH YAHYA
Published: January 2024

This paper aims at highlighting some of the main issues raised by developing and implementing the most appropriate sub-sector in West Bank (WB), considering the assess fattening cost and feed type, as critical elements of profitability and competitiveness of a small-scale lamb fattening production system in WB, comparing economic performance by means of a financial analysis of fattening and grazing type effects, on the profitability and feed type as main factors were analyzed. The main material of this study was primary data collected from sheep farmers in the north and south of the west bank (Fakuoa and Al-thaheryia), data collected from a sample of (170) small ruminant keepers, 125 from Al-thaheryia, and 45 from Fakuoa using a designed questionnaire with personal interviews at the two sites. The data analysis discussed different Small Ruminant (SR) breeds on fattening efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model analysis, where the breed type had appositive relationships (P less than 0.05) where 62% of farmers depended on Assaf breeds for production and other between Awasi and cross breed (Awasi × Assaf), where the analysis indicated mean 2.4 of Assaf, 1.5 for crossbreed and 0.8 for Awasi breed. For SR fattening, found a significant relationship (P less than 0.05) between feed type and the species where the herds depended on Assaf SR and were dependent on concentration feeds. Results showed the profitability of fattening lambs, where the return from 40 heads was around 3560$ despite of the high prices of concentration feeds, and the saving of labour and rent costs. These results mean the profitability will increase if feed costs can be reduced, and available cheap traditional mixes are available. Results found a significant relationship (P less than 0.05) between feed type and the species where the herds depend on Assaf breed, generally dependent on concentration feeds, with a low percentage of farmers practicing traditional farming.
Menguasai Konsep Matematika Mengenai Pengoperasian Hitung Perkalian Menggunakan Metode Realistics Methamatics Education (RME)
Authors: Khairunnisa Sabina , Siregar Aviva Hanum , Wandini Rora Rizki
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Learning is an effort to provide direction and education to students using expert staff, especially educators. The purpose of this writing is to determine the extent of students' understanding of multiplication calculation operations using the Realistics Metamatics Education (RME) method. The method used by the author in this research is library study, namely a series of activities relating to methods of collecting library data, reading and taking notes and processing research materials. The results of the study showed that students' understanding of multiplication increased. Multiplication instructions that focus on memorization, the concept of multiplication with repeated addition, the concept of the properties of multiplication, and the application of the concept of multiplication to word problems show an increase, so it can be concluded that students' understanding of the concept of multiplication can experience a significant increase. Students can understand simple mathematical concepts and prove them without always relying on memorizing results

Keywords : Concept, Understanding, Multiplication

Abstrak

Pembelajaran adalah suatu upaya memberikan arahan dan pendidikan kepada peserta didik dengan menggunakan tenaga ahli, khususnya pendidik. Tujuan penulisan ini ialah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pemahaman peserta didik tentang operasi hitung perkalian dengan menggunakan metode Realistics Methamatics Education (RME). Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini yaitu studi pustaka, yaitu serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pemahaman perkalian siswa meningkat. Petunjuk perkalian yang berfokus dengan hafalan, konsep perkalian dengan penjumlahan berulang, konsep sifat-sifat perkalian, dan pengaplikasian konsep perkalian ke dalam soal cerita menunjukkan peningkatan, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemahaman konsep perkalian peserta didik dapat mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Peserta didik sudah bisa memahami konsep matematika sederhana dan membuktikan tanpa selalu berpangku pada hasil hafalan.

Kata Kunci : Konsep, Pemahaman, Perkalian
Possibilities of systemic therapy in elderly, frail, patients with comorbidities and poor performance status
Authors: Gerk I.A.
Published: January 2024

Elderly, frail patients, patients who have comorbidities or poor performance status are usually ineligible to clinical trials. Considering this, there is lack of data regarding systemic anticancer treatment in those groups of patients. In the article will be provided a comprehensive review of data and discussed possibilities of treatment for these cohorts of patients.
Rationale foR systemic theRapy administRation in clinically localised tumoRs
Authors: Volkov N.M.
Published: January 2024

Despite surgical excision remains the mainstay of cure for solid tumors, local, regional and systemic relapses observed in practice make clear that local treatment only is not enough. By the time of primary diagnosis of tumor the dissemination of cancer cells throughout the body had already started long ago. So the purpose of neoadjuvant systemic therapy is to eradicate micrometastases in order to diminish the risk of postpone the appearance of clinically detectable metastases which shoul result in improvement of relapse-free and overall survival of patients. However the biology of dissemination, persistence and proliferation of tumor cells at distant sites is poorly studied because these processes occure invisibly for modern clinical evaluation techniques and our understanding is based only on conclusions made indirectly from statistical and experimental data. Macroscopic metastases appearance depends not only upon tumor cell dissemination but also on the microenvironment at metastatic sites. As so, probably treatments specifically targeting microenvironment and metastatic tumor niche will have potential to improve the curability of localized cancer.
ON BRANCHING OF EQUILIBRIUMS OF A COMPRESSED ELASTIC ROD
ON A NONLINEAR ELASTIC BASE
Authors: Peshkhoev I.M. , Sobol B.V. , Levchenkov A.M.
Published: January 2024

The problem of buckling and postcritical behavior of a compressed elastic rod on a non-linearly elastic foundation under the action of a small transverse pressure is considered. The study is carried out on the basis of a non-linear equilibrium equation obtained taking into account the exact formula for the curvature of the axial line of the rod, while the curvature is approximated by a third-order asymptotic formula with respect to deflection. The boundary conditions correspond to free pinching or a movable hinged support of the ends of the rod. The influence of a small transverse load and the reaction parameters of a nonlinearly elastic foundation on the critical buckling loads is studied. The critical load is determined from the eigenvalue problem obtained by linearization of the equilibrium equation. The problem of eigenvalues for the case of free pinching of the ends of the rod is solved by the variational-difference method. To study the post-critical behavior of a compressed rod, the Lyapunov – Schmidt method is used in combination with numerical methods for calculating the coefficients of the system of branching equations. The cases of branching of equilibria of a compressed rod along one eigenmode are considered. Asymptotic formulas for new equilibria are constructed in the vicinity of the bifurcation point, taking into account a small normal load. The base reaction is considered as a cubic function of deflection. Conditions are established for the parameters of the nonlinearity of the elastic foundation, under which the compressed rod becomes sensitive to imperfections in the form of a small transverse load. The obtained results are compared for the classical case of the linear formula for expressing the curvature of the axial line of the rod through the second derivative of the deflection and the case when the curvature is approximated by a third-order asymptotic formula with respect to the deflection.
MODELLING THE CRACK PROPAGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE INCLINED CRACK PATH IN THE PIPE WITH THE EXTENDED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND MOLECULAR DYNAMICS METHOD
Authors: Belova O.N. , Stepanova L.V.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the results of computational simulation experiments aimed at determining the inclined crack propagation paths a linearly elastic medium, performed using two fundamentally different approaches, namely discrete atomistic approach and continuum mechanics approach. The aim of the study is to construct paths of an inclined crack in a pipe under the uniaxial tensile loading by means of an extended finite element method (continuum approach) and using the molecular dynamics method (discrete, molecular atomistic approach). Computer simulations of uniaxial tension of a pipe with a through-the-thickness inclined crack were performed using the extended finite element method of the multi-functional computational software SIMULIA Abaqus. In parallel with the finite element analysis, a molecular dynamic simulation of the uniaxial tension of a nanoscopic tube with a through-the-thickness inclined crack in the LAMMPS software package for several materials (monocrystalline copper and monocrystalline aluminum with a face-centered crystal lattice) with the embedded atom potentials available in the LAMMPS open code was carried out. The sizes of macroscopic and nanoscopic pipes and crack lengths are selected taking into account the geometric similarity of the samples. Hereupon, the paths of the propagation of an inclined crack in a pipe under axial stretching conditions are obtained. Computations were carried out for several characteristic values of the crack inclination angles: 30, 45, 60 and 75° to the pipe axis. It is found that the crack propagation paths obtained within the framework of the continuum mechanics approach and atomistic simulations are similar to each other. It is established that for different angles of the crack location, the similarity of the crack growth trajectories in the pipe is preserved at various scale length levels: macroscopic and nanoscopic scales.
SIMULATION OF THE ROLLING PROCESS
Authors: Bondar V.S. , Fomin D.Yu. , Larionova O.E. , Yudintseva A.I.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of mathematical modeling of the process of rolling a heat-resistant nickel alloy disk blank. Modeling is carried out by the finite element method using a material model developed on the basis of the results of testing samples for compression and tension at temperatures of 1050, 1100 and 1150 °C and different strain rates. The material model is based on the theory of plastic flow with combined hardening. The developed model makes it possible to take into account the features of material deformation that occur during its cyclic loading at a variable speed, including the change in material parameters during the transition from one speed to another. The model is generalized to the case of non-isothermal loading. A method for identifying the parameters of the model is based on the results of the tests carried out and the obtained material functions are provided. The problem of the rolling process modeling is solved in a three-dimensional setting. To carry out the simulation, the developed model was introduced into the SimuliaAbaqus software package using a user subroutine. Based on the results of the calculation, cartograms of residual stresses, maximum values of plastic deformation, and values of displacements in the axial and radial directions at the end of the rolling process were obtained. The dependence of the change in plastic deformation in the process of rolling in the axial and radial directions is obtained, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn about the features of the deformation of the material in the process of rolling. The reliability of the results of mathematical modeling, the developed deformation model and the method for determining the material functions was confirmed by comparing the disk shape obtained as a result of the calculation with the disk shape obtained during the rolling process.
CALCULATION OF DURABILITY UNDER IRREGULAR LOADING USING THE METHOD OF REDUCING THE ENDURANCE LIMIT
Authors: Agamirov L.V. , Vestyak V.A. , Agamirov V.L. , Petrov A.N.
Published: January 2024

Calculation of the service life of parts operating in the field of high-cycle fatigue is, as a rule, based on the linear hypothesis of damage accumulation, which is the result of many years of experience in assessing the service life of machines and structures under the action of time-varying loads. At the same time, the linear hypothesis assumes that the fatigue resistance characteristics of materials remain unchanged during the calculation process and therefore does not fully reflect the physical processes of damage accumulation. In this regard, the development of new approaches to calculating fatigue life under operational loads is an urgent task. This paper examines a model for the continuous reduction of the endurance limit: the main characteristic of resistance to fatigue failure under cyclic loading. This model makes it possible to formulate and analytically substantiate the patterns of decrease in static and cyclic properties with operating time, on the basis of which a model is proposed for calculating the resource under irregular (schematized block) loading by iteratively sequentially calculating the current value of the endurance limit and determining the residual durability from the action of the damaging amplitude.
The iterative process involves assessing the durability, determined from the corresponding secondary fatigue curve, that is, it is assumed that at each iteration step there is a continuous decrease in the characteristics of fatigue and static properties.
To experimentally test the methodology, we used the results of fatigue tests of AVT-1 and D16 alloys, as well as natural elements of a helicopter rotor blade spar made of AB alloy under regular and programmed loading conditions, which showed satisfactory agreement between the experimental and calculated values of the characteristics of resistance to fatigue failure.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE INTERACTION OF STRIKERS WITH GRANULAR LAYERS OF METAL BALLS
Authors: Modin I.A. , Balandin Vl.Vl.
Published: January 2024

The results of experimental studies of the impact interaction of hemispherical and conical heads with a granular layer are presented. The granular layer consists of steel and lead balls. An experimental technique of inverted experiment is used. The technique for measuring the resistance force using a measuring rod is designed to determine the integral loads at the initial penetration site. A container filled with steel or lead balls is accelerated in a gas-dynamic gun to a speed of 100-200 m/s and strikes a fixed head of a hemispherical or conical shape. The material properties of the rod are such that no plastic deformations occur in it. An elastic compression impulse is formed in the rod, which is recorded by glued strain gauges. To prevent the scattering of metal balls and parts of the container, the impact occurs in a vacuum chamber. The presented results are averaged over the number of experiments performed for each type of head. The resistance of steel ball granular media is significantly higher than that of lead ball media. The shape of the striker has a significant influence on the behavior of the resistance forces. Experimentally obtained deformation diagrams of granular layers in static and dynamic loading modes are also presented. The curves for all loading modes of lead balls are non-linear and irreversible. At high loads, not only the repacking of particles occurs, but also a strong plastic flow of the material. For steel balls in the considered load range, strong plastic flow of the material is not observed. In the future, the experimental results will be used for numerical simulation of the penetration of strikers of various shapes into granular layers of metal balls.
Implementing Simulation Software to Develop Virtual Experiments in Undergraduate Chemical Engineering Education
Authors: R Shivakumar , Diddi Sreelakshmi , Panda Soumen
Published: January 2024

This manuscript investigates the use of simulation software to create virtual experiments in undergraduate chemical engineering education. It highlights the transition from traditional teaching methods to a learner-centric approach, supported by tools such as UNISIM, DWSIM, and MATLAB/SIMULINK. These virtual labs cover key courses like Mass Transfer and Reaction Engineering, offering a platform for students to engage in experimental design and process optimization. The integration of virtual experiments has proven beneficial in enhancing student learning, reducing equipment-related anxiety, and improving teamwork and self-efficacy. The study also presents an effective assessment methodology for educational outcomes. The implementation of virtual labs, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, has significantly improved students’ problem-solving skills, teamwork, and communication abilities, underscoring their effectiveness in chemical engineering education.
The Cost of Being a Celebrity on Mental Health
Authors: Adeima Samah
Published: January 2024

The pursuit of fame, though often glamorized, exacts a toll on the mental well-being of celebrities. Intense scrutiny and a loss of privacy leave individuals feeling exposed and under constant pressure. The expectation to conform to societal standards and maintain a flawless image fuels self-doubt and a fear of failure. Paradoxically, fame can lead to isolation as genuine connections become elusive, fostering loneliness and emotional detachment. Mental health stigma adds another layer of complexity, with celebrities often hesitant to seek help due to concerns about public perception. The fear of fading into obscurity propels individuals to overwork, leading to burnout and anxiety. Negative public perception, shaped by media coverage, can trigger shame and guilt, impacting self-worth. Striking a balance between authenticity and a carefully curated image becomes a constant struggle, fostering internal conflicts and identity crises. Success and failure carry their emotional weight, with the pressure to sustain achievement and the emotional devastation of setbacks.
Validation And Potential Improvement of Soil Survey Maps Using Proximal Soil Sensing
Authors: Karp Felippe H.S. , Adamchuk Viacheslav I. , Melnitchouck Alex , Allred Barry , Dutilleul Pierre , Martinez Luis R.
Published: January 2024

There is potential use of proximal soil sensors (PSS) to contribute to soil surveys and improve their results, and this study focused on the evaluation of this potential. An analysis using a high-resolution soil survey (1:5,000), terrain data, and an ensemble of PSS (gamma ray emission, ground penetrating radar – GPR, apparent electrical conductivity from electromagnetic induction, and galvanic contact) was conducted. First, a geostatistical analysis was performed to characterize the spatial variability of each variable for each sensor and interpolate the data to a common support. The GPR data presented well-delineated groups of depths with similar spatial structure. These groups matched the field soil horizon depths, thus representing the potential for this sensor in soil characterization. A significant correlation was found between most of the variables from each sensor. However, no complete agreement was observed among the data from different PSS. In addition, a visual comparison of the maps showed that each PSS captured the soil spatial variability of the field and delineated regions distinctively. To validate the soil separation provided by the high-resolution soil survey and evaluate the capability of the PSS to distinguish the different soils, an analysis of variance was performed. Although none of the sensors could differentiate all the soils in the field, maps containing an overlay between sensors and soil models provided an important insight: overall, the soils were located correctly but the boundaries needed to be adjusted. Spatial clustering was used to perform a multivariate analysis of the data. A final map containing well-delimited homogenous PSS-based zones was obtained. Accordingly, it is possible to conclude that this approach and the resulting maps can be used to improve the delineation of boundaries between different soil types.
Field Evaluation of Two Impulsive Downhole Seismic Sources in Crosswell and Reverse VSP Geometries and High-Resolution Characterization of Near-Surface Texas Gulf Coast Sediments
Authors: Souri Zohreh , Stewart Robert R. , Zheng Yingcai
Published: January 2024

Borehole seismic methods have been widely used for characterizing the shallow subsurface. Accurate analysis of their data is aided by a solid understanding of the borehole sources' characteristics. This study presents a field evaluation of two impulsive borehole seismic sources (Trident's Scorpion sparker and RT Clark's Ballard weight drop) in crosswell and reverse vertical seismic profile (RVSP) geometries at a Gulf of Mexico coastal site with two shallow vertical wells. The acquired data is then utilized to characterize the near-surface coastal sediments. The Scorpion source generated P-wave dominant frequencies that were recorded as 650 Hz and 250 Hz in the crosswell and RVSP geometries, respectively. For the Ballard source in the two geometries, the P-wave dominant frequencies were 1100 Hz and 250 Hz. We were also able to pick direct S-wave arrivals with the Ballard source, and their dominant frequencies were 100 Hz and 40 Hz for in situ and surface recordings, respectively. The average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) recorded with the Scorpion data for the crosswell geometry and RVSP, respectively, is 13 and 6, and for the Ballard source, 62 and 30. We also investigated the source radiation patterns and signature wavelets. Seismic tomography was performed for the area between the two wells. Low P-wave and S-wave velocities correspond to three fresh water-saturated sand zones identified from drilling cuttings and previous well log data. Also, the plot of velocity of P-wave (Vp) versus S-wave (Vs) fits reasonably to the Mudrock Line. Both sources can excite repeatable energetic seismic signals up to 150 m away and could be useful in many geotechnical settings and even single-well imaging.
3D Near-surface Velocity Model Building by Integrating Surface, Borehole Seismic, and Well-logging Data in a Small-scale Testbed
Authors: Lee Ganghoon , Pyun Sukjoon , Chung Yonghyun , Shin Jehyun , Nam Myung Jin , Choi Woochang , Yu Young-chul , Hwang Seho
Published: January 2024

This study aims to build a 3D velocity model for investigating and evaluating underground contaminants flowing through groundwater pathways. To accomplish this goal, we performed seismic exploration at a test site with fractured rock layers within a depth of 100 m. The acquired seismic data was then used to construct a three-dimensional (3D) P-wave velocity model of the test site. Although comprehensive geophysical exploration may be useful for investigating the near-surface structure, this paper focuses only on constructing a P-wave velocity model using the seismic method. The primary information of the model consists of extracted velocities from a two-dimensional surface, borehole first-arrival traveltime tomography results, and full waveform sonic log data. Since the test site has the spatial restriction of the survey line, we intended to improve the geological structure analysis results using various quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. First, to increase the reliability of velocity information, we performed a traveltime analysis on the zero vertical interval (ZVI) gather from the borehole seismic data. Then, we identified the qualitative information of the fracture zone's location by analyzing the amplitude variation of the ZVI gather. Moreover, we extracted structural information using the common reflection point gather from the borehole seismic data to supplement the obtained lithological information. However, the information for constructing a 3D P-wave velocity model was still insufficient due to the spatial constraints of the survey line and the limited depth of the borehole seismic survey. We filled this gap using the radial basis function interpolation method. We could verify the completed 3D P-wave velocity model by comparing it with core log data. Overall, the integrated interpretation of the final velocity model and the analysis results could provide a probable pathway that indicates hydraulic connectivity.
ڕووداو وه‌ك ڕە‌گه‌زێكی دراما له‌ ژانری شیعردا (شیعری نوێی كوردی‌) به‌نموونه
Authors: علی ئارام عمر , محمود فازیل مه‌جید
Published: January 2024

البحث بعنوان(الحدث كعنصر الدراما في الشعر ،(الشعر الكوردی الحدیث)علی سبيل المثال) هي محاولة لعرض المعلومات الضرورية حول تٲثير كلا النوعين من الشعر و الدراما، و خاصةً عن طریق عناصرهما الفنية. بصرف النظر عن العلاقة العضوية القوية بين النوعين ، بالاشارة الی العلاقة التٲريخية بين الشعر و الدراما، من هناك سوف نشير علميا الی نوع هذا التٲثير ، و دور نوع الحدث كعنصر درامي في الشعر. و اخيرا سنحدد ان هذا العنصر ذو اهمية كبيرة في تطوير و تجديد الشعر الكوردي ، لقد كان الشعراء قادرين علی تٲسيس الاحداث (اجتماعية والسياسية و التٲريخية) لتوسيع نطاق وظيفة الشعر.   پوخته‌ توێژینه‌وه‌كه‌ به‌ ناونیشانی (‌ڕووداو وه‌ك ڕە‌گه‌زێكی دراما له‌ ژانری شیعردا، شیعری نوێی كوردی)به‌نموونه‌) هه‌وڵێكه‌ بۆ خستنه‌ڕووی زانیاری پێویست له‌ باره‌ی كاریگه‌ربوونی هه‌ردوو ژانری شیعرو دراما  به‌یه‌كتر به‌تایبه‌ت له‌ ڕێگه‌ی ڕە‌گه‌زو توخمه‌ هونه‌رییه‌كانیانه‌وه‌، جیا له‌ باسكردنی ئه‌و په‌یوه‌ندییه‌ ئۆرگانییه‌ به‌هێزه‌ی نێوان ئه‌و دوو ژانره‌، ئاماژە‌دانه‌ به‌ ڕایه‌ڵه‌ی په‌یوه‌ندییه مێژووییه‌كه‌ی نێوان شیعرو دراما، له‌وێوه‌ بۆ ئه‌وه‌ ده‌چین به‌ شێوه‌یه‌كی زانستی ئاماژە‌ بۆ جۆری ئه‌و كاریگه‌رییه‌ بكه‌ین و ڕۆڵی ڕە‌گه‌زی ڕووداو وه‌ك ڕە‌گه‌زێكی درامایی له‌شیعردا بخه‌ینه‌ڕوو، ئه‌وه‌ش ده‌ستنیشانبكه‌ین، كه‌ ئه‌م ڕە‌گه‌زه‌ له‌ گه‌شه‌سه‌ندن و نوێبوونه‌وه‌ی شیعری كوردیدا گرنگی زۆری هه‌بووه‌، شاعیران به‌ مه‌زراندنی ڕووداوه‌(كۆمه‌ڵایه‌تی و سیاسی و مێژوویی...)یه‌كان توانیویانه‌ چوارچێوه‌ی ئه‌ركی شیعر فراوان بكه‌ن.
Introducing Character in the Novel of “The Nights of Adam” By Bayan Salman”
Authors: Hassan Mariwan Omer , Arif Ashti Hussein
Published: January 2024

بحثنا بعنوان (عرض الشخصيات في روایة " ليالي آدم" "لبيان سلمان")، ويحاول شرح طريقة تقديم الشخصيات سواء من خلال الراوي أو من خلال الشخصيات نفسها، لأن فهم طرق تقديم الشخصيات يساعد القارئ على النظر أعمق في الشخصيات وفهمها، من هذا المنظور تقدم هذه الدراسة عرض الشخصية ودورها في وصف الشخصية في عقل القارئ ، لأن عرض الشخصية بشكل مفصل يجعل القارئ يشعر بأن الروائي قد نجح في إعطاء صورة و هوية الشخصيات، الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو توضيح كيفية تقديم الشخصيات في هذه الرواية. يتكون بحثنا من جزئين. يتناول الجزء الأول طرق عرض الشخصيات نظريًا، بينما يتناول الجزء الثاني أساليب تقديم الشخصيات في رواية (ليالي آدم)، تستخدم الدراسة نظرية النقد الاجتماعي وأخيرًا عرضت النتائج في عدة نقاط، معظم الشخصيات في هذه الرواية مبنية على توصيف غير مباشر ، لأن الشخصيات مثقفة ومليئة بالقول للتعبير عن نفسها.
 
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             توێژینەوەکەمان بە ناونيشانى(ناساندنی کارەکتەر لە ڕۆمانی"شەوانی ئادەم"ی"بەیان سەلمان") هەوڵدەدەین شێوازی ناساندنی کارەکتەر چ لەڕێگەی گێڕەرەوە بێت، یاخود لە ڕێگەی کارەکتەرەکان خۆیانەوە بێت ڕوونبکەینەوە، چونکە تێگەیشتن لەو شێوازانەی کە لە ڕێگەیانەوە کارەکتەر دەناسرێت؛ یارمەتی خوێنەر دەدات بۆ ئەوەی قووڵتر بڕوانێتە کارەکتەرەکان و ڕەهەندە جیاوازەکانیان شیبکاتەوە. ناساندنی کارەکتەر بە شێوەیەکی ورد وادەکات خوێنەر هەست بکات، ڕۆماننووس بەلێهاتووییەوە وێنەی کارەکتەرەکانی کێشاوە. ئامانجی ئەم توێژینەوەیە دەرخستن و دیاریکردنی چۆنیەتی ناساندنی کارەکتەرە لە نێو ئەم ڕۆمانەدا، هەوڵدەدات ئەوە دەربخات، کە ڕۆماننووس چ شێوازێکی لە بونیادنان و ناساندنی کارەکتەرەکان پەیرەوکردووە. توێژینەوەکەمان له‌ دووبه‌ش پێكهاتووه‌، له ‌به‌شى يه‌كه‌مدا باس له‌ شێوازی ناساندنی کارەکتەر له‌ ڕووی تيۆرييه‌وه‌ کراوە، کە پێکدێت لە"چەمکی کارەکتەر، شێوازی ناساندنی کارەکتەر لە ڕۆماندا"، له‌ به‌شى دووه‌مدا ناساندنی کارەکتەر لە ڕۆمانی ("شەوانی ئادەم"ی "بەیان سەلمان") خراوەتەڕوو، لە توێژینەوەکە سود لە تیۆری (ڕەخنەی کۆمەڵایەتی) وەگیراوە، لە کۆتاییدا ئەنجامەکان خراوەتەڕوو. بەوەی زۆربەی کارەکتەرەکانی نێو ئەم ڕۆمانە لە سەر شێوازی ناساندنی ناڕاستەوخۆ بونیادنراوە، چونکە کارەکتەرەکان ڕۆشنبیرن و پڕن لە وتن بۆیەخۆیان گوزارشت لە خۆیان بکەن.
The Relation between Climate Change and Carbon Emission Trading: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ladewi Yuhanis , Meiryani Meiryani , Syamil Ahmad , Agustini Agustini , Winoto Agustinus
Published: January 2024

The goal of this study is to illustrate the value that climate change adds to carbon emission trading by examining the papers that were found by doing a literature review on Scopus databases. In this study, the journal addressing the topic of "carbon emission trading" with the maximum number of records from the sources included in the "Web of Scopus" content has been chosen. The terms "climate change" and "carbon emission trading" should be searched for simultaneously in every paper published in the journal between the years of 2001 and 2022, according to research utilizing bibliometric analysis. To get at the results and an explanation of the data, a bibliometric analysis and citation mapping process are conducted taking into account all factors. VOSviewer is used to show co-authorship analysis of keywords, co-authorship analysis of citation networks, and bibliometric networks of results and findings in the form of scientific mapping. A technique for assessing a single journal's performance is bibliometric analysis. The validity of a single journal can be evaluated using bibliometric analysis, however there are some restrictions to be aware of. This situation is described in detail as a study constraint. A technique for assessing a single journal's performance is bibliometric analysis. The validity of a single journal can be evaluated using bibliometric analysis, however there are some restrictions to be aware of. One drawback of bibliometric analysis is that it relies on quantitative measurements, like citation counts, which ignore the caliber of the research. It is possible to assess a single journal's performance using bibliometric analysis, but it's necessary to be aware of its limits. The findings of a bibliometric analysis were used in this study to identify contributions, gaps, and limitations. The issue is organized around four clusters: IC, climate change, carbon emission trading, emission trading and carbon dioxide. It is appropriate to emphasize the paper's originality because previously unknown themes are handled in a creative way.
PENGARUH SELF ASSESSMENT SYSTEM DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PAJAK MELALUI TAX EVASION (Studi Kasus Pada Wajib Pajak di KPP Pratama Rengat)
Authors: NURFITRIANI NURFITRIANI , RIFAYANI DESIYANTI , TRIWAHYUNI NADIA , ALQORNI NISA , NURAINI NURAINI
Published: January 2024

This research aims to assess the influence of the self-assessment system and tax information technology on tax compliance through tax evasion. The sample used is taxpayers registered at the Rengat KPP in Prov. Riau as many as 105 respondents. The type of data used is primary data by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis tool used is SEM with the help of PLS Ver. 3. The results of this research show that the direct relationship between the self-assessment system and tax information technology has no effect on tax compliance. However, the self-assessment system and tax information technology have an influence on tax evasion. In an indirect relationship (intervening), the results show that tax evasion mediates the influence of the self-assessment system on tax compliance, while tax evasion cannot mediate the influence of tax information technology on tax compliance
Single and multi-crop species disease detection using ITSO based gated recurrent multi-attention neural network
Authors: Rajalakshmi B. , Kumar B. Santosh , Devi B. S. Kiruthika , Prabhu Kavin Balasubramanian , Hong Seng Gan
Published: January 2024

Diseases of crop plants pose a serious danger to agricultural output and progress. Predicting the onset of a disease outbreak in advance can help public health officials better manage the pandemic. Precision agriculture (PA) applications rely heavily on current information and communication technologies (ICTs) for their contribution to long-term sustainability. Preventative measures against plant diseases require accurate early disease prediction in order to be effective. The current computer vision-based illness detection technology can only detect the disease after it has already manifested. This research intends to provide a deep learning (DL) method for early disease attack prediction using Internet of Things (IoT) directly sensed environmental factors from crop fields. There is a robust relationship between environmental factors and the life cycles of plant diseases. Disease incidence in plants can be forecast based on environmental variables in the crop field. In order to solve these issues, the research presented here suggests using a gated recurrent multi-attention neural network (GRMA-Net). The study uses multilevel modules to zero down on informative areas in order to extract additional discriminative features, as informative characteristics tend to appear at various levels in a network. In order to capture long-range dependence and contextual interaction, these characteristics are first organised as spatial sequences and then input into a deep-gated recurrent unit (GRU). Finally, an enhanced version of the Tunicate swarm optimisation model (ITSO) is used to pick the best values for the model’s hyper-parameters. Four public datasets representing a wide range of crop types are used to assess the model’s efficacy. Some of these databases cover numerous crop species, like PlantVillage (38 categories), while others focus on a single crop, such as Apple (4), Maize (4), or Rice (5). The experimental findings show that the system achieves 99.16% accuracy in identifying agricultural diseases, which is higher than the accuracy of other current deep-learning approaches.
Derechos de la Naturaleza y la jurisprudencia constitucional en Ecuador
Authors: Solano Paucay Vicente , Marín Marco
Published: January 2024

Este artículo examina el desarrollo de los derechos de la naturaleza en Ecuador a través de la jurisprudencia constitucional. El reconocimiento de estos derechos desafía el paradigma antropocéntrico y tiene como objetivo proteger la vida desde una perspectiva contrahegemónica. Sin embargo, es esencial evaluar cuidadosamente estas innovaciones constitucionales y su implicación en el orden jurídico ecuatoriano. Ecuador se convirtió en el primer país en otorgar constitucionalmente derechos a la naturaleza en 2008, estableciendo un marco legal integral para su protección. Este estudio analiza la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional ecuatoriana desde 2008 hasta 2022 para comprender la implementación de estos derechos. La investigación se centra en la jurisprudencia debido a la vaguedad de la legislación y la falta de desarrollo infraconstitucional. Entre los hallazgos clave se encuentran la naturaleza específca y genérica de los derechos de la naturaleza, el catálogo abierto de derechos y el contenido de estos derechos. El estudio también explora principios como el de favorabilidad pro natura y precaución, y enfatiza la importancia de aplicar varias garantías constitucionales para su protección. Finalmente, la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador, realizando su actividad interpretativa mediante su jurisprudencia, estableció el reconocimiento de los animales como sujetos de derechos, lo que contribuye a su protección y fomenta un enfoque ecológico, avanzando hacia un paradigma biocéntrico que proteja a la naturaleza.
Derechos relacionales de los animales: el animal en el marco del derecho constitucional ecuatoriano
Authors: Gutmann Andreas
Published: January 2024

Con la sentencia del caso de la Mona Estrellita la Corte Constitucional de Ecuador ha sentado un precedente importante con relación a los derechos de los animales. Con esta decisión judicial la alta corte ecuatoriana aclaró que los animales son sujetos de derechos bajo el marco de los derechos de la naturaleza otorgados por el art. 71 de la Constitución ecuatoriana. Esta aclaración por parte de la Corte parte de una línea jurisprudencial que visibiliza una interpretación sistémica a los derechos de la naturaleza. Según esta jurisprudencia, los derechos de la naturaleza protegen a los procesos ecosistémicos de los cuales los animales son parte. Bajo esta perspectiva la disputa entre el biocentrismo y ecocentrismo pierde importancia porque no existe una contradicción fundamental entre los derechos de los animales (individuales) y de la naturaleza. De estos principios se puede deducir una teoría relacional de los derechos de los animales que parte de las relaciones ecológicas que los animales mantienen con su entorno. Basándose en estos fundamentos, existen violaciones a los derechos de los animales tanto por alternaciones de su entorno ecosistémico como por actos que privan a los animales de su entorno, como la captura y el maltrato de animales. Ambas conductas afectan las relaciones que el animal tiene dentro de un ecosistema.
Initial Design of Dual Axis Solar Tracking System with the Addition of Camera and Cooling System
Authors: Zharif Hafidz , Santoso Dian Budhi , RahmaDewi Reni
Published: January 2024

Solar panels have been widely used to determine solar energy as an electrical energy generator. However, the installation of solar panels is still static, so it cannot follow the sun's movement optimally. Solar panels with dual-axis tracking have a wide range in the tracking process. The range that can be tracked by dual-axis tracking is azimuth angle and altitude, while single-axis tracking can only choose one side of the angle. In this study, the initial design of the dual-axis solar tracking system was made with cameras and cooling systems combined with heatsinks and tubular pipes. The design made is in the form of a CAD design using SolidWorks software, and the design made will be used for subsequent research, In this solar panel, the fill factor results are 0.634, and the efficiency of solar panels is 17.53% with the addition of a cooling system which can reduce the temperature of solar panels is expected to be higher efficiency. The study results were obtained in the design of a solar tracker with the addition of a cooling system that will later reduce the temperature and increase the efficiency of solar panel about 0.38% every 1℃ decreases of temperature.
Bioecological Aspect of Lakepe (Betta raja) in Natural Habitat of Bandar Tinggi Village, Rantau Selatan District, Labuhan Batu Regency
Authors: Khairul  , Machrizal Rusdi , Wahyungsih Hesti
Published: January 2024

Lakepe (Betta raja) is a wild fish species inhabiting water region in Labuhanbatu regency. The fishes are commonly known to inhabit steady and unpolluted streams. The aquatic environmental condition and its ecology will determine the survivability and breeding of Betta raja in its natural habitat.A study of its ecological aspect is needed to obtain any physicochemical characteristics of natural habitat which may act as limiting factor to Betta raja presence. In this study, physicochemical characteristics of water are measured, i.e temperature (T), velocity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solid (TDS), and total suspended solid (TSS). The environmental condition are measured in the field (in situ) while other parameters, i.e DO, BOD, TDS, and TSS are analyzed in the laboratory. The results showed that the physicochemical characteristics of B. raja habitat are: T (26oC), velocity (0.05 m/s), DO (6.9 mg/L), BOD (3.27 mg/L), COD (8.26 mg/L), TDS (22.1 mg/L), and TSS (5.1 mg/L). The sizes of wild caught B. raja are ranged between 6.3–94.0 cm with body masses of 1.1–4.8 g.
Exile, Media, Capital: Interpreting Calendar’s Systems of Exchange
Authors: Tschofen Monique
Published: January 2024

[Introduction]: "In the American Comparative Literature Association’s 2014–15 State of the Discipline Report, in an entry titled “Comparative Non-Literature,” Scott Kushner argues that non-literary media provide an opportunity to “reimagine what the discipline of literary studies takes as its object of study and its raison d’être.” His focus is on how non-literary media can help the literary scholar attend to the materiality of texts, appreciate the variety of reading strategies they solicit, and also force a reconsideration of core concepts such as “author, text, and genre – but also edition, audi-ence, character, and narrative” in addition to “generic categories such as novel, poem, and play.” However, what Kushner does not say is that once the discipline’s doors open to consider electronic texts, ﬁlms, pho-tographs, fashion, social media, and the like, alongside print literature, the complexity of the project of comparison becomes fractal, and yet its mission all the more important to get right. In order to trace the travel-ling of cultural practices over time, across national boundaries, in and out of languages, through genres, across media, and into and out of every-day life, comparatists today require multiple intersecting literacies. They must understand intertextuality as well as intermediality and transmedi-ality. They must have deep knowledge of print and oral cultures, as well as visual cultures. They must appreciate the symbolic, ideological, and the material determinants of culture. They must remain conscious at all times of the ethics of comparison, aware of the perils of mistranslation and the dangers of cultural appropriation, and simultaneously reﬂexive about the forces that govern their own interests in seeking knowledge about the other. Yet the contemporary comparatist knows that, with this expanded body of texts in literary and non-literary media to study, often comes expanded intellectual resources – new guiding metaphors, refocused sets of research questions, and elaborated models for research methods that together make this new century’s cross-cultural and cross-medial work ever more rich and meaningful."