bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roman Darowski SJ, Szczepanowice nad Dunajcem. Dzieje wsi, parafii katolickiej i gminy kalwińskiej, Kraków 1993
Authors: Murawiec Wiesław Franciszek
Published: June 2021

Recenzja: oman Darowski SJ, Szczepanowice nad Dunajcem. Dzieje wsi, parafii katolickiej i gminy kalwińskiej, Kraków 1993
Jan Kopiec, Diecezja Gliwicka - dzieje i współczesność, Gliwice 1999
Authors: Niewarowski Sebastian
Published: June 2021

Recenzja: Jan Kopiec, Diecezja Gliwicka - dzieje i współczesność, Gliwice 1999
Staropolski autoportret białogłowy
Authors: Wróbel Elżbieta Elena
Published: June 2021

Odmienność ról do spełnienia, jakie przypadały w udziale mężczyźnie i kobiecie w społeczeństwie staropolskim, nie wynikała jedynie z różnic biologicznych. W oczach mężczyzn białogłowa jawiła się jako część ludzkości słabsza, nie tylko pod względem fiycznym czy psychicznym, lecz także umysłowym, dlatego też wymagająca stałego dozoru i opieki. Wydaje się jednak, iż  białogłowy żyjące w  tamtej epoce doskonale radziły sobie z  własnym życiem. W razie trudności czy sytuacji dotąd im nieznanych, potrafiy im sprostać nie gorzej od mężczyzn, czego przykładem było chociażby samodzielne  prowadzenie folwarków pod nieobecność ciągle wojujących w XVII wieku mężów. Mimo iż były wychowywane w duchu uległości i posłuszeństwa, wykazywały wiele zdecydowania, silnej woli i konsekwencji w dążeniu do celu. A przy tym nie zatracały tego, co  najpiękniejsze: wrażliwości na  sacrum, umiejętności kochania i  współczucia, delikatności, troski o  powierzone ich pieczy dzieci i  służbę. Były prawdziwymi kobietami i potrafiy umiejętnie korzystać z wpływu, jaki wywierały na świat mężczyzn, pozornie przez całe życie pozostając w ich cieniu.
Biblioteka Wydziału Historii Kościoła Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej
Authors: Gąsowska Krystyna
Published: June 2021

Biblioteka Wydziału Historii Kościoła PAT funkcjonuje od jesieni 1987 r. Zalążkiem jej był księgozbiór gromadzony od chwili powstania Wydziału Historii Kościoła.
Mądrość i miłość drogą do świętości. Św. Jadwiga Królowa w liturgii i nauczaniu Jana Pawła II
Authors: Janicki Jan Józef
Published: June 2021

W roku sześćsetlecia urodzin „najukochańszej postaci niewieściej naszychdziejów”6, Jadwigi, królowej Polski, ksiądz kardynał Karol Wojtyła, metropolita krakowski, w oczekiwaniu na zatwierdzenie przez Stolicę Apostolską jej kultu i rozszerzenie go na cały Kościół (wprowadzenie dnia liturgicznego oraz mszy i oficjum ku czci błogosławionej Jadwidze), w liście pasterskim z tej okazji stwierdził, że „postać Jadwigi, jej życie i działalność, wywarły wielki wpływ na dzieje Polski w znaczeniu historycznym i w znaczeniu duchowym".
Starania o uwolnienie kopii obrazu Matki Bożej Częstochowskiej z Jasnej Góry w okresie Nawiedzenia archidiecezji krakowskiej (1967-1968)
Authors: Trąba Mariusz
Published: June 2021

Peregrynacja kopii obrazu Matki Bożej Częstochowskiej była jednym z najważniejszych elementów wielkiego programu duszpasterskiego, który w związku z obchodami Tysiąclecia Chrztu Polski, ułożył i realizował prymas Polski kard. Stefan Wyszyński. W reakcji komunistyczne władze zablokowały możliwość peregrynacji obrazu.
Czasopisma wydawane przez Zgromadzenie Księży Misjonarzy św. Wincentego w XIX i XX w.
Authors: Umiński Wacław
Published: June 2021

Artykuł omawia czasopisma wydawane przez Zgromadzenie Księży Misjonarzy w XIX i XX wieku.
Sławne pogrzeby w XIX-wiecznym Krakowie
Authors: Wilk Bernadeta
Published: June 2021

Artykuł omawia zjawisko pogrzebów w XIX-wiecznym Krakowie, jako manifestacji patriotycznej.
Korespondencja intemuncjusza Antonio Francesco Cirioli z Sekretariatem Stanu w przededniu sejmu zwyczajnego w Warszawie w 1632 roku (cz. II)
Authors: Fitych Tadeusz
Published: June 2021

From the mid-16th century onwards, the Apostolic Nunciature in Poland was pro-parliamentary, anti-Turkish and counter-reformative. It should not come as a surprise that the preliminary instruction issued to nuncio Giovanni Battista Lacellotti to stay especially alert and secure the interest of the Catholic Church in Poland as well as care for Christian affairs during parliamentary sessions acquired particular significance. In early November 1622, by the appointment of cardinal Cosimo de Torres, under Gregory's XV papal brief of 3 December 1622, Antonio Francesco Cirioli became internuncio. A Bolognese by origin, Cirioli was and a Doctor of Laws and from 1621 an auditor of Cosimo de Torres's nunciature (to date completely absent from the literature of the subject). The office of the internuncio in Warsaw, to which he was appointed following his 13-month service as an auditor, was held by Cirioli for as many as twenty-three weeks, i.e. from 19 November 1622 to 29 April 1623.
Ojca Mariana Kaniora droga do wiedzy
Authors: Małecki Jan
Published: June 2021

The article presents the life and scholarly achievements of Father Marian Kanior.
Łaskami słynąca rzeźba Matki Boskiej Płaczącej w Dębowcu
Authors: Wanat Benignus Józef
Published: June 2021

The article recounts the growth of the worship of Our Lady of La Salette. Made of basswood and famous for its graces, the statue in Dębowiec depicts the weeping Our Lady of La Salette. The statue shows the apparition of the Mother of God on 19th September 1846 in La Salette (France).
Zasługi biskupa Stanisława Kostki Załuskiego dla Akademii Krakowskiej (1746-1758)
Authors: Kanior Marian
Published: June 2021

The article presents a profile of Andrzej Stanisław Załuski (1695-1758), who was, in the following order, bishop of Płock, Łuck, Chełmno and Krakow, along with his services for the Krakow Academy.
Dzieje instytucji diecezjalnych w Częstochowie (c.d.)
Authors: Związek Jan
Published: June 2021

The article presents the history of the parish of the Assumption of the Most Holy Virgin Mary and St Sigismund's parish in Częstochowa as well as the early years in the history of Częstochowa itself.
Akt fundacyjny prepozytury w benedyktyńskich Książnicach Wielkich z r. 1508
Authors: Kowalczyk Maria
Published: June 2021

This publication reveals in print the content of the founding charter of 1508 concerning the establishment of the provostship and mansionary residence in Książnice Wielkie, a village near Koszyce, in the former Proszowice poviat district. Due to its detailed, even meticulous nature, the document made an important contribution to the organisation of the above Church institutions. The Tyniec monastery was the formal founder of the provostship in Książnice Wielkie, whereas Mikołaj of Koprzywnica (aka Mikołaj of Szadek) acted as the initiator and its actual founder. Until 1809, the provostship survived in the form in which had been established back in 1508.
Ojca Bernarda Łubieńskiego zawierzenie Bogurodzicy
Authors: Piech Stanisław
Published: June 2021

W 150 rocznicę urodzin autor podejmuje próbę studiów nad życiem i dziełem o. Bernarda Łubieńskiego (1846 - 1933).
Historyczne i artystyczne aspekty kościoła pod wezwaniem Świętego Mikołaja w Czulicach
Authors: Rotter Lucyna
Published: June 2021

Czulice is a village in the Małopolskie voivodeship; the village which belongs to the Kocmyrzów/Luborzyca municipality. The parish church is the place which offers the faithful an opportunity­ to deepen their religious life; it also becomes a reflection of their care and involvement. Understandably, priests, landowners and parishioners strove to adorn the temple in the most distinguished manner. The church in Czulice is a treasure trove of priceless heritage dating back from medieval to contemporary times.
Księgozbiory krakowskie zakonu Braci Mniejszych - bernardynów i reformatów - w świetle not proweniencyjnych w XVI-XVIII w.
Authors: Murawiec Wiesław Franciszek
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the resources of the book collections of Friars Minor – Bernardines and Reformed Friars Minor – in light of the provenance notes of the 16th to 18th century. The content of the libraries presented in the article reflects the scope of intellectual interest of their owners.  Consequently, it allows us to reconstruct the order importance attached to areas of knowledge in monastery life and internal teachings.
Biskupi krakowscy a obsada katedr Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego (1880-1939)
Authors: Piech Stanisław
Published: June 2021

Restored in 1880, the Department of Theology of the Jagiellonian University grew quickly and achieved a significant scholarly position as early as the end of the 19th century. Krakow bishops played an important role in the development of the faculty. State and church legislation granted them a deciding voice in the selection of the teaching staff.
Misje i rekolekcje redemptorystów w latach 1939-1945
Authors: Sojka Marian
Published: June 2021

The Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists) continued their retreat and missionary work throughout the Second World War. The apostolate offered people consolation, gave hope and faith in a better tomorrow; it reinforced their patriotism and sense of national identity.
Scena Zwiastowania na poliptyku z Olkusza
Authors: Kliś Zdzisław
Published: June 2021

Among many Annunciation scenes represented in panel painting in Little Poland - which is especially abundant in iconographie motifs “describing” the mystery of the Incarnation - is a panel of the polyptych (1485) in St. Andrew’s Church in Olkusz. The polyptych was painted in fulfilment of a request by Anna Sperhozowa of Olkusz, before her death. It is the work of Jan Wielki, a nephew of the late founder of the church. When Jan was battered by Jan Waligóra, and it seemed he would not survive, the work was completed by Jan Stary. A brother of Jan Wielki’s wife Katarzyna - Jan Wolny, bachelor of arts, subsequently St. Panthaleo’s altarist in Our Lady’s Church in Krakow and altarist of the Most Holy Virgin Mary in Olkusz - arranged all the legal formalities for the recognition of the altarpiece as the Family Worship Altar in St. Andrew’s Church1. It is therefore rather certain that the ideological aspect of the altarpiece was provided by a theologian with a personal interest in this particular work of art.
Gestykulacja jako sposób wyrażenia treści Misterium Paschalnego w sztuce średniowiecznej Europy Środkowej
Authors: Tabor Dariusz
Published: June 2021

The Paschal Mystery is the central reality of the Christianity. This is a series of historical events, presented in the canonical Gospels, in which Jesus from Nazaret was submit to the suffering, death, but was revived and bas ascend 10 the glory. These events was full of meanings and significations. This significations of paschal event has been meditated and analyzed in the Christian text, - in Gospels, in Paul’s Letters, but in the sermon of Fathers of the Church. Meliton of Sardes, Orygenes, Pseudo-Hypolite, and others are known as the interpreters of paschal events. The liturgical texts - Exultet and Victimae Paschali explain the profound sense of the Death and the resurrection of Christ All these works inspired the iconography. This presentation has to review the some works of art in Central Europeand interpretations their theological sense. The gestures will be the key to discovery of meaning.
Święty Józef Sebastian Pelczar
Authors: Piech Stanisław Ludwik
Published: June 2021

The article presents the life and work of Saint Józef Sebastian Pelczar.
Błogosławiony Honorat Koźmiński
Authors: Marecki Józef
Published: June 2021

The article presents the life and work of  Honorat Koźmiński.
Błogosławiony Rafał Chyliński
Authors: Gogola Zdzisław
Published: June 2021

The article presents the life and work of Rafał Chyliński.
Błogosławiona Regina Protmann córka Warmii i założycielka sióstr katarzynek
Authors: Bruździński Andrzej
Published: June 2021

The article presents the life and work of Blessed Regina Protmann.
Pharmacokinetics of a 1,000 mg Disintegrating Aspirin Tablet Formulation
Authors: S Forder , M Voelker
Published: June 2021

Migraine is a global disorder and considerably affecting people`s quality of life. Treatments include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-containing medicinal products among whom acetylsalicylic acid-containing Aspirin® has been proven effectively to relief migraine headache. Early treatment is recommended for patients with migraine attacks. A requirement for early onset of action includes tablet disintegration and consequent active ingredient dissolution and absorption. The bioavailability of a new quickly disintegrating 1,000 mg aspirin formulation has been investigated in a bioequivalence study versus a marketed Aspirin® formulation with clinically demonstrated early onset of action. The new formulation has a tablet strength (1,000 mg) and time to maximum plasma concentration (mean 21.6 minutes) providing upside for people requiring treatment of migraine headache
Brazil in the face of new SARS-CoV-2 variants: emergencies and challenges in public health
Authors: Marquitti Flavia Maria Darcie , Coutinho Renato Mendes , Ferreira Leonardo Souto , Borges Marcelo Eduardo , Portella Tatiana Pineda , Silva Rafael Lopes Paixão da , Canton Otavio , Poloni Silas , Franco Caroline , Coelho Verônica , Barberia Lorena , Bolle Monica de , Boing Alexandra Crispim , Donalisio Maria Rita , Boing Antonio Fernando , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da , Prado Paulo Inácio , Veras Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena , Kraenkel Roberto André
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: This article discusses the epidemic situation of Covid-19 in Brazil, in the face of the emergence of a new strain called P.1, which is more transmissible and may be associated with reinfection. Given the collapse of hospital care in Manaus in January 2021 and the results of three recent preprints, each that reports increased transmissibility of the P.1 variant, we propose some urgent measures. Genomic surveillance based on multi-step diagnostics, starting with RT-PCR type tests and up to sequencing, should be established. Efforts to identify reinfections associated with this variant and the update of its definition in protocols should be prioritized, and studies on the efficacy of currently available vaccines in Brazil concerning the new variant should be conducted. We also propose improving the Brazilian health surveillance system such that genomic surveillance is coordinated and thereby better able to respond to future emergencies in a more timely fashion. We call on the public agents involved in health surveillance to share data and information regarding the epidemic in a clear, fast and transparent way. Finally, we propose a greater engagement in inter-institutional cooperation of all those involved in the response and production of knowledge about the pandemic in our country.
INFLUENCIA DEL ARENADO EN LA RESISTENCIA DE UNIÓN DE UNA ALEACIÓN DE CoCr Y UN ADHESIVO A BASE DE 10 MDP
Authors: Calderón Marcelo Cascante , Flores Lesly Chacón , Guamán Karen Guevara , Gonzaga Michelle Celi , Cevallos Gisella Quiroz , Bedoya Paola Cangas , López Valeria Quinapallo
Published: June 2021

Tradicionalmente las prótesis fijas a base de aleaciones de metal base se retenían sobre sus pilares con cementos polvo-líquido (fosfato de zinc, policarboxilato, ionómero de vidrio). Actualmente con el desarrollo del CAD CAM, existe la tendencia a realizar preparaciones dentales conservadoras. Indudablemente es una muy buena técnica, por el respeto del tejido dental sano. Pero las restauraciones resultantes ya necesitarían de cementos y adhesivos que sean capaces de adherirse químicamente a los diferentes sustratos, para no despegarse. Fabricantes indican que, moléculas como el 10 MDP, el VBDATDT, 4-META pueden unirse a los metales. MÉTODO. 30 cilindros de CoCr fueron divididos en 3 grupos. Con el primero, se procedió a arenar e inmediatamente se colocó un agente adhesivo a base de 10 MDP para cementar 4 microtubos de resina por medio de un cemento resinoso. Con los grupos restantes de igual manera se arenó, pero en ellos se decidió esperar 24 y 48 horas para realizar el procedimiento adhesivo. RESULTADOS. El grupo inmediato alcanzó los mas altos valores de resistencia de unión. Cuando se esperó mas tiempo después de arenar se obtuvieron los más bajos valores, incluso después de envejecidos. CONCLUSIONES. Las aleaciones de CoCr pueden ser cementadas con cementos resinosos, siempre y cuando se realice un correcto tratamiento mecánico y químico de su superficie.
Metapreocupação, ansiedade e depressão na pandemia de COVID-19: Brasil, Junho de 2020.
Authors: Faro André , Silva-Santos Luana , Silva Maisa Carvalho , Vasconcelos Matheus Macena
Published: June 2021

Esta pesquisa analisou associações entre metapreocupações e sintomatologias ansiosa e depressiva no início da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil. Participaram do estudo 2.042 indivíduos, com idades entre 18-78 anos. Um questionário sociodemográfico, o 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire e o Meta-Worry Questionnaire foram respondidos online. Quatro modelos de Regressão Logística foram utilizados para estimar o efeito das variáveis independentes sobre as sintomatologias ansiosa e depressiva. As variáveis ser mais jovem, não ter renda fixa, perceber-se doente e exibir alto nível de metapreocupações ampliaram as chances de sintomas ansiosos e/ou depressivos. Concluiu-se que prover cuidado frente ao sofrimento psicológico é fundamental no combate à COVID-19, pois foram detectados fatores de suscetibilidade ao desenvolvimento de transtornos mentais no começo da pandemia no Brasil.
Neşâdâbâd ve Çerâğan Sahilsaraylarında İki Özel Gün: Belgrad Antlaşması’nın Kalıcı Olarak Temdidi (Nisan-Mayıs 1747)
Authors: ERCAN Hüseyin Onur
Published: June 2021

Kutsal Roma Alman İmparatoriçesi Maria Theresia 1740 yılında tahta geçtikten sonra babası VI. Karl’ın imzaladığı 1739 Belgrad Antlaşması’nın Osmanlılarla teyid ve tecdid edilmesini, 1745’ten itibaren I. Franz ismiyle Kutsal Roma Alman İmparatoru olan zevci de Toskana Arşidükü olarak bir dostluk ve barış antlaşmasının akdedilmesini isterler. İstanbul’daki Avusturya daimî elçisi Heinrich von Penkler, bu amaçla Babıali ile özellikle 1746 yılı içerisinde yoğun temaslarda bulunur ve 1747 yılında görevini başarıyla tamamlar. Bu doğrultuda iki araç kullanır: Osmanlı devlet adamlarıyla sahip olduğu iyi ilişkiler ve casusları vasıtasıyla başta Fransızlar olmak üzere çeşitli hasımlarının faaliyetlerinden haberdar olmak. Penkler’in faaliyetleri, Belgrad Antlaşması’nın 1747 yılında kalıcı olarak uzatılmasını sağlar. Bu makale, söz konusu süreci aktaran Penkler’in raporu ışığında, Avusturya ve Türk devlet arşivlerinden yararlanılarak yaşananları mercek altına almaktadır. Çalışmada Penkler’in muhtasar biyografisine, görevi sırasında başvurduğu yollara ve karşılaştığı sorunlara değinilmektedir.
Türkiye-Bulgaristan Ticari İlişkileri (1969-2016)
Authors: KAYALI Hülya , COŞKUN Özgür
Published: June 2021

Bulgaristan 110.912 km² yüzölçümü ve 7,1 milyon nüfusuyla Balkanlar’ın önemli ülkelerinden biridir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndan 1908 yılında tam bağımsızlığını elde ettikten sonra bir hayli zor zamanlar geçiren ülke, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği’nin etkisiyle komünizme geçmiştir. Bu dönemden itibaren Türkiye’nin, Bulgaristan ile olan ticari ilişkileri uzun yıllar boyunca istenilen seviyelere çıkamayarak hak ettiği potansiyele ulaşamamıştır. 1991 yılında Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği’nin dağılıp Doğu Bloku’nun çökmesiyle ülke, Batı’ya yaklaşarak sosyalist sistemden vazgeçmiştir. 1991 yılından sonraki süreçte Türkiye ile Bulgaristan arasında ticari ilişkilerde önemli artışlar olmuştur. Bunu müteakiben Bulgaristan’ın 2004 yılında Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü’ne [North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)], 2007’de ise Avrupa Birliği’ne dâhil olmasıyla iki ülke arasında ticari ilişkiler yeni bir boyut kazanmıştır. Bulgaristan, Balkanlar’da Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndan kalan Türk nüfusunun en fazla olduğu ülkelerin başında gelmektedir. Bulgaristan’da Türk nüfusunun bulunması, ticari ilişkilerimizin de gelişmesinde önemli bir etken oluşturmuştur. 1969-2016 yılları arasını kapsayan çalışmada Bulgaristan ile süregelen ihracat ve ithalat verileri Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun Harmonize Sistem 4 adlı sınıflandırmasının fasıllar bazında incelenmesiyle elde edilmiştir.
Bakü Devlet Üniversitesi: Doğu’nun Avrupa Tarzındaki İlk Yükseköğretim Kurumunun Kuruluş Serüveni
Authors: SADIGOV Ramin
Published: June 2021

28 Mayıs 1918’de kurulan ve sadece 23 ay süren Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti, ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasi alanların yanında halkın eğitimi konusunda da önemli adımlar attı. Bu adımlar arasında okulların millileştirilmesi, Azerbaycan Türkçesinin resmi yazışmalarda kullanılması, Osmanlı coğrafyasından öğretmenler davet edilmesi ve yeni dersliklerin yapılması en önemlilerinden birkaçı idi. Fakat hükûmetin bu konuda aldığı en önemli karar, bütün Müslüman doğusunda ilk defa Avrupa tarzında bir devlet üniversitesini açması oldu. Kasım 1919’da Bakü’de bir devlet üniversitesi açmayı başaran dönemin aydınları, ülkenin eğitimi ve gelişimi adına çok büyük bir ufka sahip olduklarını göstermiş oldu. Bu yüzden Bakü’de kurulan üniversite Azerbaycan halkına bahşedilen büyük bir armağan sayıldı. Bu çalışmada Bakü Üniversitesi’nin kurulması süreci anlatılmıştır. Süreçle ilgili tarihi serüven anlatılırken oldukça kıt maddi kaynaklara dayanarak, bilim adamı ve öğrenci yetersizliğine rağmen kuruluş

aşamasının ülkede ne tür tartışmalara sebep olduğu, mecliste üniversite projesinin hangi tartışmalar altında görüşüldüğü üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışma yapılırken dönemin ulaşılabilen arşiv kaynakları, basını ve araştırma eserleri irdelenmiş, konu objektif olarak ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır.
Ali Salâhaddîn’in Abdülhak Hâmid’e Nazireleri
Authors: SAĞLAM Ayşe , YİĞİTOĞLU Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Türk edebiyatında “şair-i azam” unvanıyla anılan Abdülhak Hâmid Tarhan, hem yaşadığı dönemde hem de sonrasında edebiyat dünyasını etkileyen ve birçok yeniliğe öncülük eden bir sanatçıdır. Muhayyilesi son derece geniş olan Hâmid, eserlerinde Tanrı, ölüm, yaşam, ruh, sosyal meseleler, aşk, tabiat, tarih vb. konulara yer verir. Ona asıl şöhretini kazandıran, özellikle metafizik konulara dair yaklaşımı ve algısıdır. Yazdıklarıyla birçok şairi etkileyen Hâmid’in şiirleri defalarca tanzir edilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminde ve Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında yaşayan Ali Salâhaddîn Yiğitoğlu da “şair-i azam”ın şiirlerine nazireler yazan isimlerden biridir. Dinî, tasavvufî ve edebî muhtevalı birçok eser kaleme alan Ali Salâhaddîn, velut bir ediptir. Ancak onun ve eserlerinin kıymeti henüz yeterince anlaşılamamıştır. Son yıllarda eserlerine dair araştırmaların arttığı şairin yayımlanmış tek şiir kitabı, Aşkın Sesi’dir. Bu kitabında bazı nazireler yazan Ali Salâhaddîn, Hâmid’in “Ölü” şiirinin üç bölümünü de tanzir eder. Nazirelerinde özellikle Hâmid’in metafizik içerikli şiirlerini tercih eden şair, bu şiirlere verdiği cevaplarla ondan tamamen farklı bir bakış açısına sahip olduğunu ortaya koyar. Bu çalışmada Abdülhak Hâmid Tarhan’ın “Ölü” şiirinin üç bölümü ve Ali Salâhaddîn Yiğitoğlu’nun bu bölümlere yazdığı nazireler mukayeseli olarak incelenmiştir.
THEORIES OF DEMOCRATIZATION: LOCATING EU CONDITIONALITY IN THE BIGGER THEORETICAL PICTURE
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow), Rudnev T. S.
Published: June 2021

One of the primary goals of the European Union’s membership conditionality is to promote stability and de-mocracy outside its immediate borders. Thus, being subjected to EU conditionality can be a factor affecting democratization processes in candidate countries. The article attempts to locate the study of EU-induced de-mocratization within the bigger theoretical picture of democratization studies. This article starts with a dis-cussion of different theories and approaches to the study of democratization, including the theory of norm diffusion (Risse, 1999) and the theory of linkage/leverage (Levitsky and Way, 2002). After indicating how the study of EU-induced democratization can be and has been approached within those theories, and the arti-cle proceeds with an outline and analysis of a rather new approach utilizing an External Incentives Model (Schimmelfennig, 2003), which stemmed from the growing body of free-standing research dedicated specifi-cally to the problem of Europeanization. Thus, the article demonstrates that the study of Europeanization of candidate countries not only invited the application of pre-existing theoretical frameworks from different subdisciplines but also produced a new theoretical framework dedicated specifically to the study of Europe-anization.
ETHNIC AND REGIONAL PARTIES IN THE CEE COUNTRIES: SPECIAL FEATURES AND TRAJECTORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Panov Petr
Published: June 2021

In recent decades, in the context of the transformation of national states and the development of multi-level government, there has been an increase in ethnic/regional political parties in Europe. Ethno-regionalism in the CEE countries has a specific basis related to their imperial past, but despite the similarities, each country has special features concerning the strength of parties, their demands and development. The analysis of the most significant ethnic/regional parties in the CEE countries shows that the main factor affecting their strength is the ethnic structure of the population, especially if it is combined with intense ethnic identity, and the ethnic minority has a historical experience of autonomy/statehood. A favorable combination of these factors results in the stability of the electoral strength of ethnic parties, which makes them an important player in the political arena. Concerning the demands of ethnic parties, it has been confirmed that the localization of the respective ethnic minority has a significant effect. If it is in one administrative unit, it stimulates regionalist aspirations; if it dwells in some compactly located administrative units, an ethnic party usually promotes cross-regionalist demands to create a new region. Under conditions of dispersed localization of a minority, an ethnic party does not put forward regionalist claims.
SPATIAL DEPENDENCE INDEX: METHODOLOGY FOR MEASURING THE NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECT IN SOCIAL SCIENCE
Authors:   MGIMO University, Okunev Igor , Tislenko Mariya ,   RUDN Univesity
Published: June 2021

This article presents the results of the development and application of improved methodological tools based on spatial econometrics. The authors started with analyzing the spatial distribution of two social phenomena – democratization and suicide level. The following procedures were carried out for each indicator: a selection of reliable and regularly collected and published data, density-measuring zoning on the basis of a diagram and a map of extent, calculation of local indicators of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) and calculation of the authors' proposed spatial dependence index (SDI) to identify and interpret anomalous SDI values. The authors obtained anomalous values indicating the supposedly significant role of geographical factors (SDI >0.08): press freedom, political rights protection and state fragility for political regimes; autonomy index and religiousness level for suicides per 100,000 population. The research results are not intended to be exhaustive; however, the authors conclude that spatial econometrics tools, being extrapolated and used along with other traditional methods of political and social sciences, are useful for finding outputs of spatial relations and distribution of certain socio-economic and political phenomena that are not always logically obvious. In addition, the proposed analysis algorithm can be used for the analysis of other quantifiable and statistically tracked phenomena.
Political agency markers of the European regions in the scope of multilevel governance
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Borisova Nadezhda V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: the discussions on regionalization in the EU countries as a result of regional policy and inter-regional collaboration bring forward the issue of the regions’ political agency and its assessment criteria. Objectives: to determine the possibility of comprehensive assessment of the regions’ political agency in the scope of their commitment to multilevel government. Methods: concept analysis, descriptive analysis. Results: concept analysis of political agency allows to determine structural and functional links between elements that make political agency come into being and gain momentum. “Sub-national regionalism and multi-level policy” database provided the empirical basis for re-conceptualization and preliminary interpretation. Descriptive analysis allows revealing potential explanations for expressiveness of the political agency in the cases of EU regions in the scope of their commitment to multilevel government. Conclusions: firstly, enjoying equal political and institutional opportunities and having equal access to multilevel governance, European regions use them differently. Secondly, even within one country the identical autonomous (self-rule) status of regions doesn’t result in identical schemes of party system regionalization. Thirdly, there are crucial differentiations between regions of “the old” and “the new” EU members; these can be seen in the scope of inclusion into the EU programs and success of regional parties in European elections. Fourthly, by contrast, mother tongue rather than religion becomes the basis for regional identity and regionalism linked with it.
Lawsuit vs amendment: Russian regions activity dynamics in using Constitutional Court appeals and legislative initiatives at federal level
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sulimov Konstantin
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Russian regions use two mechanisms of interaction with the federal center − appeals to the Constitutional Court and legislative initiative at the federal level. Both mechanisms have important common characteristics − publicity, formal procedures with relatively low participation costs, and a common basic function - changing federal legislation. Objectives: to determine the nature of the influence of the authoritarian centralization of the 2000s on the use of these mechanisms by the regions. Methods: collection of data set on the use of interaction mechanisms, comparative analysis, correlation analysis. Results: significant differences were revealed in the general dynamics of regional activity and in the dynamics of individual regions and groups of regions; three periods in the use of these mechanisms by the regions have been identified, mid-1990s − 2005, 2005−2008 (transitional) and 2009–2019; there is a redistribution of thematically “sensitive” issues between the two mechanisms. Conclusions: authoritarian centralization influenced the use of both mechanisms by the regions: the activity on appeals to the Constitutional Court sharply decreased; this drop was partially compensated by another mechanism − the share of bills on the subject of state building increased.
Included or excluded: Minority languages in government programs texts in multi-ethnic regions of the Russian Federation
Authors:   European University at St. Petersburg, Philippova Evgenia Yu.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: the inclusion of the language issue into the institutional agenda is a topical matter for Russia with its multiple ethnic groups speaking their native language. However, such an inclusion can be implemented in different forms and to a different degree, in particular, in the context of thematic government programs. The study attempts to determine the variability spectrum in the practices of including the ethnic minorities’ languages into thematic government programs texts in the multi-ethnic regions of the Russian Federation. Objectives: to identify models for including the language component into thematic government programs texts operating in multi-ethnic Russian regions, to understand the scale of the existing variability, taking into account the ethnolinguistic structure of the population in this regions. Methods: cross-regional comparative content analysis of thematic government programs in Russian multi-ethnic regions. Results: the presence of cross-regional variability was determined in the inclusion of the language component into thematic government programs texts of three types: the programs in the field of national policy, in education and in relation to the preservation, development and study of the regional languages. Four models of including the language component into thematic government programs texts have been identified: “all-encompassing”, “title-oriented”, “priority selective” and “ignoring”. No stable relationship between the specificity of the ethno-national structure of the Russian regions population and the variability of mentioning the languages in thematic government programs texts has been found. Conclusions: the variability of the language component inclusion into thematic government programs texts is manifested in the extent and depth of language topics coverage, therefore there is a need for an additional research through a qualitative comparative analysis of a selection of cases.
Generation Z awareness of digital transformation technologies under a technological shift
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lapidus Larisa V. , Sorokina Lidia A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gostilovich Aleksandr O. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: June 2021

Introduction: the technological shift necessitates digital transformation of business, the results of which directly depend on people with certain competencies. The ongoing changes bring forward the importance of exploring the level of generation Z awareness of digital business transformation technologies for the scientific community, government and business. In the coming years, generation Z representatives will form the core of the human resources of modern companies and public institutions. Objectives: to study the level of generation Z awareness about digital business transformation technologies. Methods: questionnaire. Results: the questionnaire made it possible to determine the level of generation Z awareness about digital business transformation technologies, as well as the popularity and experience of using such services as streaming services, chat bots, video games, cryptocurrencies, online banking, and cashback services. Along with this, the level of generation Z representatives’ awareness about digital technologies (artificial intelligence, digital twins, blockchain, etc.) was assessed. Conclusions: a high level of generation Z awareness about digital business transformation technologies was revealed (88.5%). The results of the study will be useful to government officials for a deeper understanding of the issues of digital transformation of business, to business representatives – for adjusting HR, PR strategies, and the scientific community – when conducting further empirical research.
Spatial aspects and prerequisites for agglomeration process in old industrial territories of the Western Urals
Authors:   Perm State University, Blus Pavel I. , Ganin Oleg B. ,   Perm State University
Published: June 2021

Introduction: the article examines the materials of Gornozavodsk local economic micro-district to identify the processes that shape the classical poly-centered conurbation on this territory. Objectives: analysis of Gornozavodsk conurbation specific features, historical development of this old industrial territory in the Western Urals, as well as the overall social, economic, and infrastructural challenges of future opportunities for the mining and metallurgical area of Prikamye. Methods: comparative and comprehensive analysis of the prerequisites and agglomeration evolution in the old industrial territory of the mining and metallurgical Prikamye, statistic data analysis, analysis of the regulatory documents on the territory spatial development, identification of the strategic potential for Gornozavodsk conurbation. Results: spatial aspect and prerequisites to shape and develop the agglomeration processes in the neighboring municipalities in the mining and metallurgical Prikamye have been identified; strategic priorities for dealing with the traditional challenges in the social and economic development in the old industrial territories have been formulated in terms of their neighboring and associated performance. Conclusions: the current conditions of the uneven spatial development and polarization of the social and economic processes update the need to identify priority “growth points”, to enhance agglomeration aspects of the territorial interaction, to consolidate the efforts by the federal, regional, and municipal authorities and systemic companies in strategic development of the industrial territories in the Western Urals.
Political agents or economic conditions: On factors of feminitives normalization in Western and Post-Soviet countries
Authors:   Perm State University, Yakutova Evgeniya V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Globalization is a global trend for most countries, despite their political, economic and cultural development. Globalization as a complex multifaceted phenomenon determines the image of the modern world. Through this process, domestic policy depends on globalization. This is also true for language policy of different countries which reflects the struggle for feminitives. Objectives: to identify the set of social and political factors contributing to the normalization of feminitives. Methods: cross-regional method, historical-genetic method. Results: the cases of six countries Western (France, Belgium and Canada) and post-Soviet (Russia, Ukraine, the Republic of Belarus) have been considered, the main factors contributing emerging disputes regarding feminitives, as well as their further normalization, have been identified. Conclusions: the agent factor in the form of feminist organizations and the economic factor (the level of economic development) in all the cases are considered a catalyst for emerging disputes regarding feminitives, as well as their normalization. Other factors are the women’s access to politics, a political regime that contributes or prevents the public discussion and normalization of feminitives, a geopolitical factor that is most typical for the post-Soviet countries, and a federal structure principle that has played a positive role in the Western countries.
Representation of everyday nationalism practices on “Russia 1” TV channel
Authors:   Perm State University, Sursanova Iuliia V.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: the article focuses on how everyday practices are used by the state to project the image of a Russian patriot. State-owned and state-related media discourse models are traditionally studied from the top down. We will analyze how the state and the media manage the display of daily nationalism, which has usually been seen in a bottom-up approach. Thus, the combination of both approaches − banal and everyday nationalisms − will highlight the state’s interest in encouraging Russians to use their version of patriotism in everyday life. For this, a qualitative study of the video reports of the “Vesti Nedeli” program on “Russia 1” TV channel was carried out. The period between 2011−2012 has been chosen for content analysis which is known as a “protest year” and the zenith of the new identity policy of the modern Russian state. Objectives: to describe how everyday practices are used by the state to project the image of a real Russian patriot. Methods: M. Billig’s theory of banal nationalism, discourse analysis, content analysis. Results: the key practices of projecting the image of a real Russian patriot have been identified. This is the asceticism of a Russian person and the ability to live in the most modest conditions. This paradoxically combines with the unprecedented generosity of the Russian people and, provided the resources are available, the ability to live on a grand scale, without knowing the measure. The ability tocombinethesetwopolarities,asasignoftrueRussianness,isillustratedbystoriesabout current and historical characters. The third routine practice, reproduced from story to story on “Russia 1” TV channel, is paternalism, which is expressed both in caring for children, women and the elderly, and in the patronage of the state. The readiness to sacrifice is the central theme of the “Vesti Nedeli” program on the “Russia 1” TV channel. Conclusions: preventive mobilization through daily practices as the goal of identity politics implemented through “Russia 1” TV channel can easily be traced in the “Vesti Nedeli” stories using the framework of “banal nationalism” theory tools. A sacrifice, not only a great one as in war, but also small − in limiting consumerism, in the readiness to work and serve in hard conditions , to defend the honor of the country in sports competitions − all of these, with the involvement of national anger, can is easily transform from daily practice into action.
Family policy of the Russian state in the face of grand challenges: Main problems and contradiction
Authors:   Kostroma State University, Smirnov Vladimir A. , Gruzdev Vladislav V. ,   Kostroma State University
Published: June 2021

Introduction: one of the most important great challenges is the demographic transition which brings about changes in people’s life styles, aging of the population and the expansion of various kinds of social, sometimes rather destructive, experiments. This, in turn, requires adequate actions on the part of the state, development of an effective social policy that can offset the effects of major challenges, as well as destructive hybrid influences both within the country and from outside. Objectives: to identify the main problems and contradictions of the state family policy in Russia, to assess its adequacy against the trends in modern societies development. Methods: formal-logical, comparative, secondary data analysis, content analysis. Results: a number of directions in transformation of family life and their manifestations in Russia have been identified; main discursive and practical aspects of the state family policy have been analyzed as well as its key dysfunctions. Conclusions: family resilience as a social institution has not changed significantly over the past 20 years. However, the number of Russians who are ready to justify abortion is declining, and, conversely, the number of those who are ready to justify divorce is increasing. The family today is still constructed as an institution of social control and reproduction of rigid gender roles. Moreover, in recent decades, certain strata of Russian society have returned to traditional conservative models of close relationships. State family policy is unable to neutralize the negative consequences of grand challenges and needs to be rethought. Its key dysfunction is the rigidity of discursive and social practices, ignorance of the real changes that are taking place in close relationships today. In addition, family policy is poorly integrated with other areas of state policy: there are no uniform methodological approaches to lifelong human development.
Digital skills vs soft skills: New professional development competences in public service
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Lektorova Julia Iu. , Prudnikov Andrei Iu. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Medvedeva Polina V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: June 2021

Introduction: interaction on virtual communication platforms between the authorities and the population brings forward the issue of civil servants professional development. Objectives: to define a conceptual approach to the content of digital professional development programs for civil servants, to detail the strategic knowledge and tactical skills required in modern public administration in the context of the socio-political sphere digitalization. Methods: an expert interview; comparative-comparative method of analyzing digital platforms for advanced training of civil servants; content analysis of the “Leaders of Russia” and “Leaders of Russia. Politics” participants’ comments. Results: the article presents the data on a comparative study of educational platforms for advanced training of civil servants in the field of digital literacy. The framework of the necessary digital knowledge in the public management system has been proposed, aimed at the structural subdivisions of authorities responsible for strategic communications with the population. The results of the expert interviews and content analysis actualize the demand for digital competencies among the civil servants. Conclusions: the system of professional retraining of personnel for the civil service should meet the new requirements, namely to ensure the efficient functioning of e-government services, crowdsourcing platforms, official departmental web resources as well as groups and pages in social networks, and to maintain there a dialogue and interaction with the population. The new functionality of a civil servant arising from digitalization of the public administration system requires the development of new approaches to the competence-based model of his training and retraining. This brings forward the importance of digital competencies and skills complemented by a constant improvement of soft skills. The existing mechanisms for mastering these competencies in Russia make it possible to solve the problems of improving the entire system of public administration, but not with maximum efficiency. It is obvious that the market of advanced training services for civil servants is not sufficiently developed and the resources spent on these purposes aren’t used in the most optimal way.
Kolozsvár történelmi belvárosának társadalmi fenntarthatósága
Authors: Benedek József
Published: June 2021

The author examines the social sustainability of Kolozsvár's historic city center, pointing out the historic, social, geographic, economic and politic features that shape the current characteristics and potentials of the city. He concludes that in Kolozsvár, just like in any other city of Romania, social sustainability constitutes a problematic issue for urban planning, urban policy, and the privatization of estates and services in the context of politic and economic transition
The Romanian orthodox church after 1989: social identity, national memory, and the theory of secularization
Authors: Conovici Iuliana
Published: June 2021

The Romanian Orthodox Church engaged, after the fall of communism, in the reconstruction of its public identity and its position in society. The public discourse of its official representatives – the Holy Synod and individual hierarchs, especially the Patriarch Teoctist – expresses and „translates” this process to the faithful and the general public. Its perception by this public, particularly when mediated by means of mass communication, is usually partial and frequently altered.

By focusing on the official discourse of the Romanian Orthodox Church representatives, as expressed in the ecclesiastical press and (re)transmitted in the common mass media, this paper will explore the justification/explanation by ecclesiastical officials of this process, following the lines of two main - intertwined - lines: the legitimization of the resurgence in the public sphere of the Church as an institution of spiritual and social assistance and its presence as the privileged keeper and guardian of national values.

It will be further argued that, while explicitly refuting and condemning any signs of secularization in the Romanian society, the Romanian Orthodox Church, through its official discourse, is actually contributing to the deepening of this very process within both society and the Church itself.

Our main sources for the public discourse of the Romanian Orthodox Church will be the ecclesiastical press and collections of speeches, sermons, articles of Orthodox hierarchs and documents of the Holy Synod. For the theoretical framing of the paper, the main references will be works of Thomas Luckmann, Danièle Hérvieu-Léger, Grace Davie, René Rémond, etc.