bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Between Sand Dunes and Hamadas: Environmental Sustainability of the Thar Desert, West India
Authors: Chlachula Jiri
Published: March 2021

Extensive geographic areas of the world show a long-term atmospheric moisture deficit. Desertification of Rajasthan is concurrent with the strengthened weather extremality and mean annual air temperature (MAAT) rise over the western part of the Indian subcontinent. The present landscape aridification due to the precipitation decrease and reinforced windiness generates surface-cover dryness, aeolian erosion with a mass sediment transfer, salinity of excessively irrigated lands and groundwater depletion; altogether these pose major geo-environmental threats and settlement risks of the expanding Thar Desert. Livestock-overgrazing of sparse-vegetation contributes to ecological pressure to the fragile wasteland ecosystems with approximately three-quarters of the countryside affected to a certain extent by degradation and >50% exposed to wind erosion. Sand dune stabilisation by the drought-adapted tree plantation, the regional hydrology network regulation and the arid-land farming based on new xerophytic cultigens are the key land-use and mitigation strategies. Specific geomorphic palaeosettings predetermined patterned adaptive forms of the ancient desert inhabitation. Geo- and eco-tourism contributes to the arid-zone socioeconomic sustainability with regard to the rich natural and cultural heritage of the area. This study outlines the main effects of the current climate variations on the pristine and occupied lands of western Rajasthan, and the past and present relief transformations, and reviews the modern anthropogenic responses to desertification.
Assessing Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse Practices: Multi-Scale Challenges and Solutions in Rijeka
Authors: Pintossi Nadia , Ikiz Kaya Deniz , Pereira Roders Ana
Published: March 2021

Cultural heritage is recognized as a driver and enabler for sustainable development, and its role within the circular economy and circular cities is gaining attention. Its adaptive reuse plays a significant role in this while prolonging the heritage lifespan, preserving the values associated with heritage assets, and creating shared values. The adoption and implementation of the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage practices present challenges at multiple levels. This research aims to identify these challenges and propose solutions to overcome them, considering the post-industrial port city of Rijeka, Croatia, as a case study. The adaptive reuse of cultural heritage practices was assessed through a stakeholder engagement workshop performing a multi-scale analysis using the Historic Urban Landscape approach as an assessment framework. Forty-nine themes were identified by content analysis of the challenges and solutions identified by stakeholders involved in adaptive reuse practices and decision-making in the city. The five most mentioned themes refer to aspects relating to participation, capacity, regulatory systems, economics-finance, and knowledge. These findings provide evidence of challenges for policy- and decision-makers to be addressed in policy-making. Solutions are also suggested to facilitate the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage in the city of Rijeka and similar contexts, such as introducing policies to support participatory decision-making whose absence is a barrier.
The Effect of Biogas Slurry Application on Biomass Production and Forage Quality of Lolium Multiflorum
Authors: Xu Wenzhi , Zhu Yongqun , Wang Xie , Ji Lei , Wang Hong , Yao Li , Lin Chaowen
Published: March 2021

The development of ecological circular agriculture has been highly encouraged to recycle agricultural wastes, reduce mineral fertilizer input, and protect the environment. Biogas slurry (BS), a by-product of biogas production generated from anaerobic digestion of animal waste and crop residues, is often considered a substitute to reduce mineral fertilizer input. Being a cheap source of organic matter and plant nutrients, its application may improve soil fertility and yield quality and quantity. The field experiments were conducted in 2016 and 2017 to study the plant growth responses and forage quality by applying biogas slurry to replace chemical synthetic fertilizer (CSF). Results revealed that biogas slurry combination with chemical synthetic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) improved the growth of Italian ryegrass on treatment with T2, and the Italian ryegrass dry matter was increased by more than 9.00%, while the stem-to-leaf ratio was decreased by more than 12% (second cutting), in comparison with only chemical synthetic fertilizer group. In the case of forage quality, the crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) content had a significant difference was observed between the T0 and T2 treatment group. Compare with the chemical synthetic fertilizer group, the CP content improved by 10.35%, and the CF content decreased about 10.00%. Based on these results, it was concluded that the application of 37.5 kg/ha CSF + 100.5 t/ha BS could improve the production of biomass and forage quality in Italian ryegrass.
Evaluation of Life-Cycle Assessment Analysis: Application to Restoration Projects and New Construction in Alpine Climate, Japan
Authors: Endo Yohei , Takamura Hideki
Published: March 2021

The present paper discusses the applications of life-cycle assessment (LCA) to construction works in Japan. LCA has been frequently used to assess the environmental impacts of new construction. Nonetheless, the applications of LCA to restoration have not been fully confirmed to date. It is said that historical buildings may contribute to sustainable development. Nonetheless, as for heritage buildings, since the protection of cultural value is usually prioritised, their environmental impacts may not be sufficiently explored. To this aim, this paper evaluated the environmental impacts of the restoration of heritage buildings. This paper consisted of two tasks. First, the restoration projects of heritage buildings in Japan were introduced. The restoration of two heritage houses was discussed, referring to heritage protection legislation in Japan. Second, LCA was performed on the restoration of heritage houses and the construction of contemporary houses. Environmental impacts were compared between the restoration and new construction with regard to greenhouse gas emissions and operational energy use. A focus was given to the amount of materials used. Restoration consumes a limited amount of materials compared to new construction, although the energy use of heritage buildings is considerable. The environmental impacts of restoration were quantified so that they were compared with those of new construction. The comparison indicated issues applying LCA to heritage buildings.
Development and Verification of Prototypical Office Buildings Models Using the National Building Energy Consumption Survey in Korea
Authors: Kim Hye-Jin , Choi Do-Young , Seo Donghyun
Published: March 2021

In the early 2000s, the Korean government mandated the construction of only zero-energy residential buildings by 2025 and for non-residential buildings from 2030. Two decades since the start of building energy policy enforcement, Korean experts believe that it is time to evaluate its impact. However, few studies have systematically and extensively examined the energy consumption characteristics of the non-residential building stock. In this study, a framework development is implemented for defining non-residential prototypical office buildings based on Korea’s first large-scale non-residential building survey result from the Korea Energy Economics Institute (KEEI). Then, a detailed building energy model of the defined prototypical building is constructed to verify the model’s energy estimation against observed energy consumption. As an application of the model, a case study for energy policy evaluation utilizing the constructed prototypical building model is presented. Every researcher and county may have their own circumstances when gathering definition data. However, by using the best available representative data, this suggested framework may result in informed decisions regarding energy policy development and evaluation. In addition, the mitigation of greenhouse gases from buildings may be expedited.
The Connections between Ecological Values and Organic Food: Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review at the Start of the 21st Century
Authors: Muñoz-Sánchez Víctor-Manuel , Pérez-Flores Antonio-Manuel
Published: March 2021

This paper addresses the field of study relating to ecological values and the production, distribution, and consumption of organic food products, aiming to contribute to the consolidation of scientific knowledge in this area of study. This article refers to a bibliographic review in the Web of Science database. It also involves bibliometric analysis of the results of this bibliographic review using the NVivo program. The main results classify the number of articles published on the basis of the methodology used, the number of countries in the analysis units, the central themes of the study, and the type of organic food considered in the bibliography analyzed. It also classifies the articles with the greatest impact in relation to the number of bibliographic references, in addition to detailing the universities, institutions, and journals with the largest number of contributions in the field of study. The research concludes by identifying that most of the articles apply a quantitative methodology and address generic aspects of organic food. This study identifies a need for further research in relation to specific organic foods, and for articles that introduce comparative analysis at the international level.
Sustainability Indicators for Foods Benefiting Climate and Health
Authors: Strid Anna , Hallström Elinor , Sonesson Ulf , Sjons Josefin , Winkvist Anna , Bianchi Marta
Published: March 2021

New methods for combined evaluation of nutritional and environmental aspects of food products are needed to enable a transformation of dietary guidelines integrating both health and environmental perspectives. We evaluated two sustainability aspects; nutrition and climate impact, of foods commonly consumed in Sweden and the implications of using parallel or integrated assessments of these two aspects, also discussing the usability and suitability of these food sustainability indicators in relation to Swedish dietary guidelines, industry food product development, and consumer communication. There were large differences in both nutrient density and climate impact among the different foods. The parallel assessment easily visualized synergies and trade-offs between these two sustainability aspects for the different foods. Coherence with dietary guidelines was good, and suitability and usability deemed satisfying. The integrated indicator showed better coherence with dietary guidelines than indicators based solely on nutrient density or climate impact; however, the difficulty to interpret the score limits its usability in product development and consumer communication. With both methods, advantageous as well as less advantageous plant-based and animal-based food alternatives were suggested. The two alternative methods evaluated could serve as useful tools to drive individual and societal development towards more sustainable food production and consumption.
CSR Disclosure: Effects of Political Ties, Executive Turnover and Shareholder Equity. Evidence from China
Authors: Rauf Fawad , Voinea Cosmina L. , Naveed Khwaja , Fratostiteanu Cosmin
Published: March 2021

The context of China fosters different contextual factors, which influences the quality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in comparison to firms across the rest of the world. Political ties at a corporate level are one of these vital factors. This paper studies the influence of firm-level political ties (PT) and executive turnover (ET) on the quality of CSR disclosure in the context of shareholding status of departing executive in Chinese listed A-share firms. Stakeholder and Agency theories are applied to the dissemination of CSR disclosures in Chinese firms whereby we used 20,578 firm-years interpretations of Chinese registered companies between 2012 and 2019. The results foster a negative link between executive turnover and quality of CSR disclosures. In addition, a negative relationship has been found between political ties and the quality of CSR disclosure. The findings disclose that the shareholding status of departing executive moderate the relationship between the impact of political ties and executive turnover on firms quality of CSR disclosure, whilst the effect of executive turnover on the quality of CSR disclosure was found more pronounced for firms whose departing executive held larger shareholding (SH). This study contributed to the literature on the quality of CSR disclosure while recognizing the negative effect of executive turnover on a firm’s quality of CSR disclosure for politically tied firms with a reinforcing moderating role of the shareholding status of departing executive.
E-Groceries: A Channel Choice Analysis in Shanghai
Authors: Gatta Valerio , Marcucci Edoardo , Maltese Ila , Iannaccone Gabriele , Fan Jiarui
Published: March 2021

E-grocery is becoming more and more popular, involving both pure e-commerce players and physical stores in its development and sales. As a consequence, the last mile delivery model has been heavily modified, with ambiguous final impact on the environment. This paper identifies the key elements germane to e-grocery (demand and supply), discusses e-grocery development and investigates the challenges ahead. In more detail, it presents the results of a stated preference survey on consumers’ channel choices for the grocery market. The survey was carried out in Shanghai (China) in order to investigate different purchase attributes, such as product and delivery service price, product range, lead time, time window and travel time. The paper identifies heterogeneous reactions to alternative service configurations, which allows to estimate market shares for e-grocery, with the in-store option as a reference. Policy implications and operational solutions to improve the sustainability of this renewed last mile delivery model are thus proposed.
The Link between Aggrecan and Familial Osteochondritis Dissecans
Authors: Ozere Samantha , Chergui Sami , Cooke Megan E. , Pauyo Thierry , Rosenzweig Derek H.
Published: March 2021

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a chronic disease of the articular cartilage characterized by focal lesions of subchondral bone and overlaying cartilage. Through the growing number of reports describing the high prevalence of OCD in some families, the subcategory termed familial OCD (FOCD) was established. With the development of genetic approaches such as genome-wide association studies and sequencing, aggrecan (ACAN) has been identified as one of the genes of interest associated with FOCD. Aggrecan is a crucial protein for the preservation and function of cartilage. However, due to FOCD being characterized relatively recently, there is a paucity of literature on the subject. The purpose of this review is to explore the relationship between ACAN mutations and familial OCD as well as to explore current treatment options and avenues for future research. In vitro and animal studies have shown the importance of ACAN in the preservation of cartilage. However, the only human ACAN mutation related to OCD ever identified is a V2303M mutation in the G3 domain. Multiple treatments have been superficially explored, and some options such as growth hormone (GH) and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) show potential. Thus, further research on FOCD in needed to identify other ACAN mutations and determine optimal treatment modalities for this patient population.
Estimates on Some General Classes of Holomorphic Function Spaces
Authors: Shammaky Amnah E. , El-Sayed Ahmed Ahmed
Published: March 2021

In this current manuscript, some general classes of weighted analytic function spaces in a unit disc are defined and studied. Special functions significant in both analytic T(p,q,m,s;Ψ) norms and analytic Ψ-Bloch norms serve as a framework for introducing new families of analytic classes. An application in operator theory is provided by establishing important properties of the composition-type operator Cϕ such as the boundedness and compactness with the help of the defined new classes.
Towards Fire Prediction Accuracy Enhancements by Leveraging an Improved Naïve Bayes Algorithm
Authors: Shu Liang , Zhang Haigen , You Yingmin , Cui Yonghao , Chen Wei
Published: March 2021

To improve fire prediction accuracy over existing methods, a double weighted naive Bayes with compensation coefficient (DWCNB) method is proposed for fire prediction purposes. The fire characteristic attributes and attribute values are all weighted to weaken the assumption that the naive Bayes attributes are independent and equally important. A compensation coefficient was used to compensate for the prior probability, and a five-level orthogonal testing method was employed to properly design the coefficient. The proposed model was trained with data collected from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) fire database. Simulation comparisons show that the average prediction accuracy of the proposed method is 98.13%, which is 5.08% and 2.52% higher than the methods of naive Bayes (NB) and double weighted naive Bayes (DWNB), respectively. The experimental results show that the average accuracies of the DWCNB method for test fire and interference sources were 97.76% and 98.24%. Prediction accuracies were 5.06% and 3.74% higher than those of the NB and DWNB methods.
Numerical Solutions Caused by DGJIM and ADM Methods for Multi-Term Fractional BVP Involving the Generalized ψ-RL-Operators
Authors: Rezapour Shahram , Etemad Sina , Tellab Brahim , Agarwal Praveen , Garcia Guirao Juan Luis
Published: March 2021

In this research study, we establish some necessary conditions to check the uniqueness-existence of solutions for a general multi-term ψ-fractional differential equation via generalized ψ-integral boundary conditions with respect to the generalized asymmetric operators. To arrive at such purpose, we utilize a procedure based on the fixed-point theory. We follow our study by suggesting two numerical algorithms called the Dafterdar-Gejji and Jafari method (DGJIM) and the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) techniques in which a series of approximate solutions converge to the exact ones of the given ψ-RLFBVP and the equivalent ψ-integral equation. To emphasize for the compatibility and the effectiveness of these numerical algorithms, we end this investigation by providing some examples showing the behavior of the exact solution of the existing ψ-RLFBVP compared with the approximate ones caused by DGJIM and ADM techniques graphically.
Redondoviridae: High Prevalence and Possibly Chronic Shedding in Human Respiratory Tract, But No Zoonotic Transmission
Authors: Tu Nguyen , Deng Xutao , Hong Nguyen , Ny Nguyen , Phuc Tran , Tam Pham , Han Duong , Ha Luu , Thwaites Guy , Doorn H. , Virtala Anna-Maija , Delwart Eric , Baker Stephen , Vapalahti Olli , Tan Le ,   on behalf of the VIZIONS Consortium
Published: March 2021

Redondoviridae is a recently discovered DNA virus family consisting of two species, vientovirus and brisavirus. Here we used PCR amplification and sequencing to characterize redondoviruses in nasal/throat swabs collected longitudinally from a cohort of 58 individuals working with animals in Vietnam. We additionally analyzed samples from animals to which redondovirus DNA-positive participants were exposed. Redondoviruses were detected in approximately 60% of study participants, including 33% (30/91) of samples collected during episodes of acute respiratory disease and in 50% (29/58) of baseline samples (with no respiratory symptoms). Vientovirus (73%; 24/33) was detected more frequently in samples than brisaviruses (27%; 9/33). In the 23 participants with at least 2 redondovirus-positive samples among their longitudinal samples, 10 (43.5%) had identical redondovirus replication-gene sequences detected (sampling duration: 35–132 days). We found no identical redondovirus replication genes in samples from different participants, and no redondoviruses were detected in 53 pooled nasal/throat swabs collected from domestic animals. Phylogenetic analysis described no large-scale geographical clustering between viruses from Vietnam, the US, Spain, and China, indicating that redondoviruses are highly genetically diverse and have a wide geographical distribution. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into the Redondoviridae family in humans, describing a high prevalence, potentially associated with chronic shedding in the respiratory tract with lack of evidence of zoonotic transmission from close animal contacts. The tropism and potential pathogenicity of this viral family remain to be determined.
Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children under Five Years Old in Gabon
Authors: Manouana Gédéon Prince , Nguema-Moure Paul Alvyn , Mbong Ngwese Mirabeau , Bock C.-Thomas , Kremsner Peter G. , Borrmann Steffen , Eibach Daniel , Mordmüller Benjamin , Velavan Thirumalaisamy P. , Niendorf Sandra , Adegnika Ayola Akim
Published: March 2021

Enteric viruses are the leading cause of diarrhea in children globally. Identifying viral agents and understanding their genetic diversity could help to develop effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the detection rate and genetic diversity of four enteric viruses in Gabonese children aged below five years. Stool samples from children <5 years with (n = 177) and without (n = 67) diarrhea were collected from April 2018 to November 2019. Norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and aichivirus A were identified using PCR techniques followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. At least one viral agent was identified in 23.2% and 14.9% of the symptomatic and asymptomatic participants, respectively. Norovirus (14.7%) and astrovirus (7.3%) were the most prevalent in children with diarrhea, whereas in the healthy group norovirus (9%) followed by the first reported aichivirus A in Gabon (6%) were predominant. The predominant norovirus genogroup was GII, consisting mostly of genotype GII.P31-GII.4 Sydney. Phylogenetic analysis of the 3CD region of the aichivirus A genome revealed the presence of two genotypes (A and C) in the study cohort. Astrovirus and sapovirus showed a high diversity, with five different astrovirus genotypes and four sapovirus genotypes, respectively. Our findings give new insights into the circulation and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in Gabonese children.
Systematic Booster after Rabies Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis to Alleviate Rabies Antibody Monitoring in Individuals at Risk of Occupational Exposure
Authors: Parize Perrine , Sommé Jérémie , Schaeffer Laura , Ribadeau-Dumas Florence , Benabdelkader Sheherazade , Durand Agnès , Tarantola Arnaud , Cailhol Johann , Goesch Julia , Kergoat Lauriane , Le Guern Anne-Sophie , Mousel Marie-Laurence , Dacheux Laurent , Consigny Paul-Henri , Fontanet Arnaud , Francuz Beata , Bourhy Hervé
Published: March 2021

Pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for people at frequent or increased risk of professional exposure to lyssavirus (including rabies virus). PrEP provides protection against unrecognized exposure. After the primary vaccination, one’s immune response against rabies may decline over time. We aimed to evaluate the immune response to rabies in individuals immunized for occupational reasons before and after a booster dose of the rabies vaccine. With this aim, we retrospectively documented factors associated with an inadequate response in individuals vaccinated for occupational purposes. Our findings analyzed data from 498 vaccinated individuals and found that 17.2% of participants had an inadequate antibody titration documented after their primary vaccination without the booster, while inadequate response after an additional booster of the vaccine was evidenced in 0.5% of tested participants. This study showed that a single booster dose of vaccine after PrEP conferred a high and long-term immune response in nearly all individuals except for rare, low responders. A systematic rabies booster after primary vaccination may result in alleviating the monitoring strategy of post-PrEP antibody titers among exposed professionals.
Immunogenicity of Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E Formulated with Lipid Nanoparticles and Nucleic Immunostimulators in Mice
Authors: Cao Han , Wang Yunfei , Luan Ning , Liu Cunbao
Published: March 2021

Theoretically, the subunit herpes zoster vaccine ShingrixTM could be used as a varicella vaccine that avoids the risk of developing shingles from vaccination, but bedside mixing strategies and the limited supply of the adjuvant component QS21 have made its application economically impracticable. With lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that were approved by the FDA as vectors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines, we designed a series of vaccines efficiently encapsulated with varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (VZV-gE) and nucleic acids including polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and the natural phosphodiester CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), which was approved by the FDA as an immunostimulator in a hepatitis B vaccine. Preclinical trial in mice showed that these LNP vaccines could induce VZV-gE IgG titers more than 16 times those induced by an alum adjuvant, and immunized serum could block in vitro infection completely at a dilution of 1:80, which indicated potential as a varicella vaccine. The magnitude of the cell-mediated immunity induced was generally more than 10 times that induced by the alum adjuvant, indicating potential as a zoster vaccine. These results showed that immunostimulatory nucleic acids together with LNPs have promise as safe and economical varicella and zoster vaccine candidates.
Understanding China’s Urban Rainstorm Waterlogging and Its Potential Governance
Authors: Kong Feng , Sun Shao , Lei Tianjie
Published: March 2021

Urban rainstorm waterlogging is one of the most important problems in urban development and a comprehensive embodiment of urban diseases. China is facing a severe risk of rainstorm waterlogging disasters, which is affecting sustainable development. Urban rainstorm waterlogging in China is caused by many factors, including natural factors and human factors, such as climate warming, unreasonable urban construction, inadequate upgrading of urban fortification standards, etc. Based on the analysis of the current strategies to deal with urban waterlogging around the world, including an increase in surface infiltration, and a reduction in runoff (and its various impacts), this paper holds that the connotation and goal of these measures are highly consistent with the construction of a sponge city in China. Based on the analysis of the problems, including construction of an urban rainwater recovery system, construction of urban rainwater storage facilities, and construction of data platforms faced by China’s sponge city, this paper puts forward the guiding principles of promoting the construction of a sponge city. The guiding principles are to cooperate to deal with climate change and ecological civilization construction, to study the foreign experience, and to unite multiple subjects, integrate multiple elements, design multiple processes, form a joint force, and create an all-round response system to deal with urban rainstorm waterlogging. Then, this paper gives policy recommendations on how to deal with the urban rainstorm waterlogging disasters, which include improving the defense standards, encouraging social participation, popularizing the construction of sponge cities, perfecting the monitoring and early warning system, strengthening the scientific planning of cities, strengthening the ability of dealing with catastrophes in metropolitan areas, the overall planning of cross-regional responses, and enhancing the awareness of decision makers. Finally, this paper expounds the reference significance of urban rainstorm waterlogging control in China to the global audience. This paper explores the significance of comprehensively and scientifically understanding urban rainstorm waterlogging disasters, and provides support for long-term planning and high-quality construction of future safe cities.
Suggestions for using secondary stock units spare parts in multifunctional stands for quality control of repair of transmission and hydraulic drive units
Authors: Petrishchev N. , Makarkin I. , Kapustkin A. , Sayapin A.
Published: March 2021

The article presents proposals for the possible use of secondary Fund units and aggregates as an Autonomous drive for multifunctional control and diagnostic stands, which will improve the quality of repair of transmission and hydraulic drive units.
Dopamin, NADH ve Askorbik Asitin Elektroyükseltgenmesine Elektrokimyasal Olarak İndirgenmiş Grafen Oksit, Politiyonin ve Altın Nanopartiküllerin Etkisi
Authors: BİLGİ KAMAÇ Melike , ALTUN Muhammed , YILMAZ Merve
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada, yüzey baskılı karbon elektrotlar (SPCE) elektrokimyasal olarak indirgenmiş grafen oksit (ERGO) ile modifiye edilmiş (SPCE/ERGO), ardından elektropolimerizasyon tekniği ile politiyonin (PTH) filmi SPCE/ERGO’lar üzerinde oluşturulmuştur (SPCE/ERGO/PTH). PTH’nin SPCE/ERGO’lar üzerindeki elektropolimerizasyonu için optimum döngü sayısı belirlenmiştir. SPCE/ERGO/PTH elektrotları üzerinde elektrodepozisyon metodu ile altın nanopartiküller (AuNP) oluşturulmuş ve elde edilen SPCE/ERGO/PTH/AuNP elektrotlarının elektrokimyasal karakterizasyonları dönüşümlü voltametri (CV) ile yapılmıştır. Dopamin (DA), nikotinamid adenin dinükleotitin indirgenmiş formu (NADH) ve askorbik asitin (AA) elektroyükseltgenmesine ERGO, PTH ve AuNP’nin elektrokatalitik etkileri incelenmiş ve PTH’nin üç analit için de medyatör olarak rol oynadığı gözlenmiştir. ERGO, PTH ve AuNP’nin birlikte gösterdikleri sinerjik etki ile DA, NADH ve AA’nın anodik pik potansiyelleri negatif yöne kaymış ve anodik pik akımları artmıştır. DA, NADH ve AA’nın difüzyon katsayıları (D) sırasıyla 3.37×10−8, 7.79×10−9 ve 1.51×10−8 olarak, elektron transfer katsayıları (α) ise sırasıyla 0.327, 0.701 ve 0.373 olarak hesaplanmıştır. pH’nın DA, NADH ve AA’nın elektroyükseltgenmesine etkisi de incelenmiş ve pH arttıkça her üç analit için de anodik pik potansiyellerinin azaldığı gözlenmiştir.
EL PUZLE COMO TÉCNICA DE APRENDIZAJE COOPERATIVO PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA HISTORIA Y EL DESARROLLO DE HABILIDADES BLANDAS
Authors: Álvarez Sepúlveda Humberto Andrés
Published: March 2021

Dentro de la enseñanza universitaria de la Historia, el aprendizaje cooperativo se presenta como una metodología en la que el alumnado puede desarrollar su pensamiento histórico y potenciar sus habilidades blandas. Entre las técnicas más idóneas para lograr dichos fines, destaca el puzle creado por Elliot Aronson en 1971. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo describir la implementación de esta técnica en un grupo de estudiantes de Pedagogía de la Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (Chile). La metodología usada es cualitativa y se basa en un estudio descriptivo de caso. Los resultados obtenidos de la experiencia demuestran que el puzle es altamente efectivo para generar un aprendizaje significativo en los estudiantes, pues, según la perspectiva docente y la de ellos mismos, lograron perfeccionar sus habilidades blandas (trabajo colaborativo, comunicación oral, compañerismo, responsabilidad individual y grupal, entre otras) y mejorar su comprensión sobre la Historia y su didáctica.
AНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНИХ НЕОКЛАСИЧНИХ КОНЦЕПЦІЙ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ЗНАННЄВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В АСПЕКТІ ЗМІН ВІДНОСИН КАПІТАЛІСТИЧНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ
Authors: О. А. ОВЄЧКІНА
Published: March 2021

Наукове дослідження, основні матеріали якого наведені в даній статті, містить компаративний аналіз сучасних неоліберальних концепцій інформаційно-знаннєвої економіки. За результатами порівняння ключових ідей прихильників концепцій знань і «людини-самопідприємця» визначено наступне: обидві концепції заперечують власність робітника на інтелектуальну робочу силу; спростовують факти експлуатації самозайнятих працівників, визнають лише позитивні риси нових моделей дистанційної зайнятості. В статті розглянуто внутрішньо-системні умови, що призвели до зміни зв’язків факторів виробництва, й обумовили відповідні деформації інституціональної матриці капіталістичного суспільства зі збереженням старих і появою нових протиріч відносин власності. Показано, що з впровадженням на практиці ідей концепції «людини-самопідприємця» статус працівника не забезпечений соціальними гарантіями. Доведено, що при моделі дистанційної зайнятості контракти зовнішньо незалежних самопідприємців з великими замовниками виступають інституціональною формою реалізації позаекономічного примусу й підсилюють експлуатацію.
МУНІЦИПАЛЬНО-ПРИВАТНЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО ЯК МЕХАНІЗМ ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ ФІНАНСОВИХ КОШТІВ ДЛЯ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ПОСТРАЖДАЛИХ ВІД КОНФЛІКТУ ТЕРИТОРІЙ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: О. С. СУЗДАЛЄВА
Published: March 2021

В статті проаналізовано можливості використання механізму державно-приватного партнерства на місцевому рівні для створення джерел фінансування проєктів із відновлення постраждалих від конфлікту територій і розвитку територіальних громад. Розглянуто стадії та етапи адаптації механізмів державно-приватного партнерства для територіальної громади. Продемонстровано процес розробки та впровадження проєкту на засадах муніципально-приватного партнерства.
Level of mutation of the VKORC1 resistance gene to anticoagulants in house mice and norway rats in Moscow and Moscow region
Authors:   Severtsov Institute of Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Maltsev Aleksey Nikolaevich , Kotenkova Elena Vladimirovna ,   Severtsov Institute of Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ryabov Sergey Vasilevich ,   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Gololobova Tatyana Viktorovna ,   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Mokhirev Denis Yurevich ,   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Yunakov Pavel Anatolevich ,   Moscow City Disinfection Center, Okushko Olga Mikhaylovna ,   Moscow City Disinfection Center, Kapustin Vladimir Yurevich ,   Moscow City Disinfection Center
Published: March 2021

The resistance of house mice (M. musuclus linnaeus, 1758) and norway rats (R. norvegicus berkenhout, 1769) to anticoagulants of the 1st and 2nd generation in the VKORC1 gene in Moscow and the Moscow region was studied. House mice had two previously unknown mutations in exon 1: Lys175Arg и Ser94Trp. We assume that these mutations can increase the resistance of rodents to second-generation anticoagulants. the percentage of individuals with mutations in exon 1 in Moscow is 87.5 %, in Noginsk and Podolsk – 100 %. Of the 18 norway rats studied in Moscow, only three individuals in a heterozygous state were found to have one of the mutations (Tyr139Ser), usually associated with genetic resistance of rodents to the first generation anticoagulant warfarin. the percentage of resistant individuals in Moscow was 15.7 %. the rats in which the resistance mutation was found were captured in three districts of moscow: southwestern, northern and eastern.
Procesamiento de imágenes digitales aplicado al análisis de color y textura del piloncillo de la Huasteca Potosina
Authors: Lárraga-Altamirano Hugo , Piedad-Rubio Ana , Hernández-López Dalia , Gómez-Rodríguez Ismael
Published: March 2021

The present work demonstrates the implementation of image processing techniques to analyze the color and texture of agroindustrial products, in this case, of the piloncillo or panela in its granular and cone variety. A technological tool based on software was developed, capable of quantifying color and texture and thus implementing quality controls to support the commercialization of this product made in Huasteca Potosina towards global markets. An unsupervised classification method (clustering) is proposed to define the color or colors of the piloncillo, called K-means. In the case of texture analysis, second-order statistical methods derived from the co-occurrence matrix and six Haralick textural descriptors are used: contrast, homogeneity, energy, ASM, correlation and dissimilarity. The developed prototype was validated in 24 producing communities of granulated and cone-shaped piloncillo belonging to the municipalities of Tanlajas and Tancanhuitz, S.L.P. The results of the analysis of color and texture have been related to the manufacturing methods that are currently used, to identify improvements that help standardize the production process.
Abordaje nutricional de un paciente en cuidados paliativos. Análisis de un caso clínico
Authors: Maza Moscoso Claudia Patricia , González Patzán Luis Demetrio , Corado López Miriam Sucely
Published: March 2021

La malnutrición en pacientes con cáncer gástrico es un problema frecuente que debe atenderse. La nutrición artificial y la hidratación al final de la vida se presentan como parte del tratamiento médico, cuidado o acto de humanidad. Se debe brindar soporte nutricional por vía oral, enteral o parenteral, según la condición clínica, e individualizando cada caso. El objetivo del presente caso clínico es describir el manejo nutricional de un paciente en cuidados paliativos, hospitalizado en una institución hospitalaria de tercer nivel en Ciudad de Guatemala. Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 27 años con adenocarcinoma gástrico, el cual fue tratado con quimioterapia, pero recidivó y avanzó rápidamente. Se describen las diferentes fases del abordaje nutricional, comparando con lo que se indica en la literatura. La nutrición parenteral en el hospital continuó hasta el último día de su vida, debido a la obstrucción y al fuerte deseo del paciente y su familia de aferrarse a la vida. A los 11 meses del diagnóstico, el paciente fallece. La nutrición parenteral en casa hubiera sido la indicada en un caso como este; sin embargo, la mayoría de las instituciones hospitalarias guatemaltecas no brindan este servicio, por lo que el paciente debe costearla, lo que limita su acceso.
Alimentación y cuidados paliativos en el paciente oncológico terminal
Authors: Vallejo Martínez Mariana , Baque Hidalgo Jeniffer Elizabeth
Published: March 2021

El paciente con cáncer avanzado y en etapa terminal es susceptible de cuidados paliativos de calidad. Esto se lleva a cabo cuando el profesional paliativista tiene amplio conocimiento de todas las esferas implicadas, como son la física, la psicológica, la emocional, la social y la espiritual. Los cuidados paliativos se realizan desde un enfoque multi e interdisciplinar, ofertando todos los servicios o cuidados posibles, esto incluye la alimentación. El servicio que pueden ofrecer los nutricionistas es muy prometedor y beneficioso a la hora de evaluar y tratar los síntomas de cada paciente. De esta forma se pueden definir esquemas apropiados al gusto y comodidad del paciente y sus familiares. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo abordar la alimentación oral en el contexto de los cuidados paliativos de los pacientes con cáncer en etapa terminal de la enfermedad.
THE DETERMINANT OF MUDHARABAH DEPOSIT SHARING PROFIT IN INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANKING
Authors: Qurrata Vika Annisa , Yusida Ermita , Seprillina Linda , Purnamasari Vidya
Published: March 2021

The potential of Islamic banking in Indonesia is overgrowing along with the increasing public understanding of Islam. In Islamic Banking, various products have been offered to attract the interest of the public. However, the most popular product is savings because it is the safest product for high yields. Mudharabah deposits are fundraising products that provide the largest proportion of total third-party funds. This study aims to compare the results of a comparison between finances represented by the Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and the Return on Investment (ROI) for the profit-sharing in mudharabah deposits. The type of method used in this research is the quantitative descriptive method. The data source is obtained from secondary data sourced from monthly reports issued through all Islamic banks' websites in Indonesia or the official BI website from 2008 to 2017. The results of this study indicate the NPF variable is not following the short and long-term plans for profit sharing of deposits mudharabah. Moreover, the ROI variable has a significant positive effect on the short and long-term results of mudharabah deposits. This research concludes that in the short and long term, NPF is not intended for results. It relates to the bank having a good reserve and analyzing the issues that need to be considered. Meanwhile, ROI is attractive towards revenue sharing because more increase the bank revenue gives the rising impact of income.
A new conceptual approach to classification modifications of the transport category aircraft
Authors: Maiorova K. V. , Serebryannikova V. I.
Published: March 2021

The article highlights the modern approach of creating a classification of transport aircraft modifications. The general tendency of successful functioning of aviation business based on modified base planes operation is analyzed. The purpose of the article is to study the world practice of classifications of modifications of transport aircrafts and its adaptation in a single modern approach depending on the modifications of aircraft. It is revealed that the classification of aircraft modifications is based on the classical theory of artificial classifications, which has a number of shortcomings, among which is the erroneous choice of a number of components of many classification levels (subclasses, groups and subgroups). A new concept based on the adopted provisions, taking into account and implementing all five features of the notion “concept” and defining the notion of “aircraft modification” as a change of one or more of the five features of change (functional purpose, scope, flight, technical characteristics, the level of improvement of the technical solution or its unit, economic efficiency) is proposed. Based on the theory of combinatorics, the maximum number of aircraft modifications was determined for five features: 31 modifications and for four single-level features — 15 modifications. Classification levels of varieties, classes, subclasses, groups and subgroups are established, where the varieties is the basis of the highest classification level, and the last four — are referred to equivalent classification levels — classes. The system of coding of modifications of all classes, subclasses, groups and subgroups consisting of letters and numbers is developed and proved. Examples of these encodings are given. The authors of the article came to the conclusion that the proposed principle and approach to the formation of the classifier of aircraft modifications should go through a long process of practical implementation and further improvement at all stages of the product life cycle, starting from the subclass.
Using Mobile and Stationary Eye Tracking to Better Understand Consumer Shelf Perception
Authors: Kastner-Jamsawang Jutatip , Wagner Udo
Published: March 2021

Shelf perception is vital for both manufacturers and retailers, as they attempt to satisfy consumer needs and to optimize their profits. On the other hand, consumers have to deal with a vast number of products offered in a modern supermarket and might be confronted with difficulties accomplishing their choice of products. This paper focuses on customer perspective and aims to gain further insights and a profound understanding of on-shelf merchandising, espe-cially visual attention, visual perceptions, and purchase intention of products positioned on the supermarket shelves. After providing an overview of the extant literature, this article reports on four empirical studies: a lab study using a stationary eye tracker, a lab study and field studies in supermarkets of two different retail chains, all using a mobile eye tracker. The research agenda deals with perceptions of horizontal and vertical shelf positions, the “eye level is buy level” theory, and the number of shelf facings. We also consider the impact of walking direction on shelf perception. The combination of different research settings and different measurement instruments corroborates the external and internal validity of the findings, which are relevant for theory and practice.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Global Pandemic on the Cuban Tourism Industry and Recommendations for Cuba’s Response
Authors: Becker Hilary
Published: March 2021

Cuba has been affected by the COVID-19 global pandemic as has most countries. The pandemic has all but shut down the tourism industry, with global flights being cancelled and governments taking drastic actions to stop the spread of the virus. The impact will especially hurt developing countries without strong economies and those heavily reliant on the tourism industry, such as Cuba. Government initiatives have included stay at home orders and temporarily closing businesses, restaurants, sports, and music venues as well as manufacturing facilities. With these shutdowns, there exists the probabilities that many businesses will not survive, but for those with sufficient cashflow, this presents opportunities for organizations and governments to re-tool, re-balance and alter their methods of operations. Cuba is different, in that they have a centralized planned economy and do have an opportunity to make significant changes to their industries which can improve the future of Cuba. The present paper looks to evaluate the impact of this on the country and the tourism industry and make economic recommendations in order for the Cuban government to move forward.
Emission wavelength control of InAs/GaAs quantum dots using an As2 source for near-infrared broadband light source applications
Authors: Ozaki Nobuhiko , Hayashi Yuma , Ohkouchi Shunsuke , Ohsato Hirotaka , Watanabe Eiichiro , Ikeda Naoki , Sugimoto Yoshimasa , Hogg Richard A.
Published: March 2021

Herein, we report an emission wavelength control technique for self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) grown via molecular beam epitaxy using an As2 source (As2-QDs). The As2-QDs exhibited photoluminescence with a shorter center wavelength and larger bandwidth than those of the QDs grown using an As4 source. In addition, the emission center wavelength could be controlled by adjusting the time between the growth and capping of the As2-QDs. We utilized the multilayer stack of emission-wavelength-controlled As2-QDs to fabricate an electrically-driven light source and demonstrated its broadband (approximately 130 nm) emission in the 1–1.3 μm wavelength range.
Generation of a 59 fs pulse with a 550 nm spectral range in a mode-locked Er-doped single-mode fiber laser system
Authors: Lin Qimeng , Yan Li , Song Yuanqi , Jia Xuzhuo , Feng Xiaoqiang , Hou Lei , Bai Jintao
Published: March 2021

We demonstrated a compact broad spectrum ultrashort fiber laser system that employed a similariton laser as a seed and fiber-optic nonlinearities in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier to broaden the optical spectrum. The system generated a stable 59 fs ultrashort pulse with a spectral bandwidth beyond 550 nm (i.e. 1490–2030 nm). The mode-locked oscillator produced an 85.9 fs similariton pulse at the wavelength of 1553 nm. The maximum average output power of the laser system was 251 mW. This new type of standard single-mode fiber-format energetic ultrashort system was suitable as a source for biological tissue imaging, broad-band spectroscopy, and optical frequency combs.