bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hope in Dirt: Report of the Fort Apache Workshop on Forensic Sedimentology Applications to Cultural Property Crime, 15—19 October 2018
Authors: Welch John R. , Altaha Mark T. , Cantley Garry J. , Doelle William H. , Herr Sarah A. , Kersel Morag M. , MacDonald Brandi L. , McManamon Francis P. , Mills Barbara , Nials Fred , Ownby Mary , Richards Michael , Riley Ramon , Ryan Stacy L. , Whiting Duston , Yates Donna
Published: August 2019

A 2018 workshop on the White Mountain Apache Tribe lands in Arizona examined ways to enhance investigations into cultural property crime (CPC) through applications of rapidly evolving methods from archaeological science. CPC (also looting, graverobbing) refers to unauthorized damage, removal, or trafficking in materials possessing blends of communal, aesthetic, and scientific values. The Fort Apache workshop integrated four generally partitioned domains of CPC expertise: (1) theories of perpetrators’ motivations and methods; (2) recommended practice in sustaining public and community opposition to CPC; (3) tactics and strategies for documenting, investigating, and prosecuting CPC; and (4) forensic sedimentology—uses of biophysical sciences to link sediments from implicated persons and objects to crime scenes. Forensic sedimentology served as the touchstone for dialogues among experts in criminology, archaeological sciences, law enforcement, and heritage stewardship. Field visits to CPC crime scenes and workshop deliberations identified pathways toward integrating CPC theory and practice with forensic sedimentology’s potent battery of analytic methods.
Derailing State Immunity: A Broad-Brush Approach to Jurisdiction under Claims for the Expropriation of Cultural Property
Authors: Tattersall Luke
Published: August 2019

The following article considers the approach taken by the courts of the United States in claims concerning issues of state immunity and private international law with respect to the expropriation and restitution of cultural property, primarily in the context of Nazi Germany. It can be seen that the US courts have interpreted the provisions under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act so as to significantly widen the scope for individuals to bring claims against states and state entities in circumstances where the case, and the property concerned, has little or no connection with the jurisdiction and which at their core are domestic disputes.
Detecting Heritage Crime(s): What We Know about Illicit Metal Detecting in England and Wales
Authors: Daubney Adam , Nicholas Louise E.
Published: August 2019

Metal detecting is a popular hobby in England and Wales, and, since 1997, over 1.3 million finds have been recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS), a scheme to encourage the voluntary recording of artifacts found by the public. The metal detector can be a useful archaeological tool when used lawfully and responsibly; however, it is also a tool that is used for illicit purposes by individuals and groups wishing to obtain artifacts from archaeological sites on which they have no permission to detect. Information on the number and nature of incidents of illicit metal detecting, however, is difficult to collate owing both to the nature of the crime and to the way it is recorded (or not) by law enforcement authorities. In this article, we examine the strengths and limitations of the available official and unofficial sources on illicit metal detecting in England and Wales and explore the potential they have to tell us about current trends in this form of heritage crime. The first unofficial source is a list of incidents reported to Historic England, which contains basic information on 276 incidents recorded between 2010 and 2017. The second source is the result of a survey of the PAS’s finds liaison officers regarding the extent to which they assisted law enforcement authorities for the years from 2015 to 2017. Both sources were then contrasted with a freedom of information request that was sent to all 49 police forces in the United Kingdom. Although there are some synergies between the unofficial and official sources, the lack of detail in any one dataset makes them of limited use in demonstrating trends in the macro- and micro-scales of time and place. Accordingly, many of the issues highlighted in this article could be resolved by devising a better system for police record keeping of metal detecting offences.
The Passions and Religious Belief
Authors: Cottingham John
Published: August 2019

Much contemporary philosophy of religion suffers from an overly abstract and intellectualized methodology. A more ‘humane’ approach would acknowledge the vital contribution of the emotions and passions to a proper cognitive grasp of the nature of the cosmos and our place within it. The point is illustrated by reference to a number of writers, including Descartes, whose path to knowledge of God, often thought to depend on dispassionate argument alone, in fact relies on a synergy between intellect and emotions.
Passion for the Art of Morally Responsible Technology Development
Authors: Roeser Sabine , Steinert Steffen
Published: August 2019

In this article, we discuss the importance of emotions for ethical reflection on technological developments, as well as the role that art can play in this. We review literature that argues that emotions can and should play an important role in the assessment and acceptance of technological risk and in designing morally responsible technologies. We then investigate how technologically engagedartcan contribute to critical, emotional-moral reflection on technological risks. The role of art that engages with technology is unexplored territory and gives rise to many fascinating philosophical questions that have not yet been sufficiently addressed in the literature.
The journey to radiographer advanced practice: a methodological reflection on the use of interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore perceptions and experiences
Authors: Cuthbertson Lynn M.
Published: August 2019

Introduction:

This paper is a methodological reflection on the use of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) utilised in the context of a qualitative research project that explored perceptions and experiences of the journey to radiographer advanced practice.

Methods and materials:

A two-phase qualitative research explored the perceptions and experiences. Phase 1 reviewed reflective diaries (n= 12) kept during the educational phase of the practitioner journeys. Phase 2 included one-to-one, semi-structured interviews (n= 6) which were recorded, transcribed verbatim and reviewed using the IPA six-stage thematic analysis for practitioners embedded in the advanced practice role.

Findings:

Key themes arising from reflective diary analysis informed the interview content; and following interview transcription, data immersion and IPA, 12 emergent sub-themes generated 3 superordinate themes.

Discussion:

Theoretical perspectives and application of the methodology are discussed. The phenomenological and interpretative qualities of IPA have the potential to provide unique and valuable insights into lived experiences of individuals. It is hoped that this researchers’ reflections are transferrable for those interested in employing a qualitative methodology for radiotherapy and oncology research.

Conclusion:

Therapeutic radiographers work within rapidly changing environments from technological, treatment and care perspectives. With continued development and change, the impact of research utilising an IPA methodology may allow exploration of perceptions and experiences from a range of key stakeholders with the potential to increase the research base.
Interference of turnipweed (Rapistrum rugosum) and Mexican pricklepoppy (Argemone mexicana) in wheat
Authors: Manalil Sudheesh , Chauhan Bhagirath Singh
Published: August 2019

Turnipweed [Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.] and Mexican pricklepoppy (Argemone mexicana L.) are increasingly prevalent in the northern cropping regions of Australia. The effect of different densities of these two weeds was examined for their potential to cause yield loss in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through field studies in 2016 and 2017. There was 72% to 78% yield reduction in wheat due to competition from R. rugosum. Based on the exponential decay model, 18.2 and 24.3 plants m−2 caused a yield reduction of 50% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Rapistrum rugosum produced a maximum of 32,042 and 29,761 seeds m−2 in 2016 and 2017, respectively. There was 100% weed seed retention at crop harvest. Competition from A. mexicana resulted in a yield loss of 17% and 22% in 2016 and 2017, respectively; however, plants failed to set seeds due to intense competition from wheat. Among the yield components, panicles per square meter and grains per panicle were affected by weed competition. The studies indicate a superior competitiveness of R. rugosum in wheat and a suppressive effect of wheat on A. mexicana. The results indicate that a wheat crop can be included in crop rotation programs where crop fields are infested with A. mexicana. High seed retention in R. rugosum indicates the possibility to manage this weed through seed catching and harvest weed seed destruction.
Hautkrebs – Vorbeugung und Therapie
Authors: Morteza Seyed Jafari S. , Bossart Simon , Houriet Carine , Hunger Robert E.
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung. Die Inzidenz des weissen und schwarzen Hautkrebses hat in den westlichen Ländern stark zugenommen. Sowohl die primäre (UV-Schutz) als auch die sekundäre (Früherkennung) Prävention sind deshalb von grosser Bedeutung. Hausärzte / -innen sind häufig die ersten Ansprechpersonen der Patienten und tragen massgeblich zur Evaluation und Diagnosestellung von Hautkrebserkrankungen bei. Wird der Hautkrebs rechtzeitig erkannt, kann durch eine operative Entfernung oder anderweitige Lokaltherapie in den meisten Fällen eine vollständige Heilung erzielt werden und somit auch die verursachten Kosten deutlich reduziert werden. Bei der Systemtherapie der Hauttumoren, insbesondere in der Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen Melanoms, wurden in den letzten Jahren grosse Fortschritte erzielt.
Rosazea – Manifestationen und Therapiemöglichkeiten
Authors: Lohbeck Anna , Anzengruber Florian , Navarini Alexander A.
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung. Die Rosazea ist eine häufige Dermatose des Gesichts mit einer Prävalenz von bis zu 22 %. Zu den bekannten Triggerfaktoren gehören unter anderem Koffein, Alkohol, Sonnenlicht, scharfe und heisse Speisen, psychologischer Stress, Menstruation und extreme Temperaturen oder Temperaturschwankungen. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt in den meisten Fällen klinisch, aufgrund der zahlreichen Differentialdiagnosen kann jedoch bei atypischer Manifestation die Durchführung einer Biopsie hilfreich sein. Je nach Symptomatik stehen, neben der Meidung von Triggerfaktoren, effektive physikalische Therapien sowie topische und systemische Medikamente zur Verfügung.
Picture Recognition Errors in the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hildebrandt Helmut , Schill Jana , Bördgen Jana , Kastrup Andreas , Eling Paul
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This article explores the possibility of differentiating between patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and patients with other kinds of dementia by focusing on false alarms (FAs) on a picture recognition task (PRT). In Study 1, we compared AD and non-AD patients on the PRT and found that FAs discriminate well between these groups. Study 2 served to improve the discriminatory power of the FA score on the picture recognition task by adding associated pairs. Here, too, the FA score differentiated well between AD and non-AD patients, though the discriminatory power did not improve. The findings suggest that AD patients show a liberal response bias. Taken together, these studies suggest that FAs in picture recognition are of major importance for the clinical diagnosis of AD.
Prominent Influence of Socioeconomic and Governance Factors on the Food‐Energy‐Water Nexus in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Ding Ke Jack , Gunda Thushara , Hornberger George, M.
Published: August 2019

Food, energy, and water (FEW) are primary resources required for human populations and ecosystems. Availability of the raw resources is essential, but equally important are the services that deliver resources to human populations, such as adequate access to safe drinking water, electricity, and sufficient food. Any failures in either resource availability or FEW resources‐related services will have an impact on human health. The ability of countries to intervene and overcome the challenges in the FEW domain depends on governance, education, and economic capacities. We distinguish between FEW resources, FEW services, and FEW health outcomes to develop an analysis framework for evaluating interrelationships among these critical resources. The framework is applied using a data‐driven approach for sub‐Saharan African countries, a region with notable FEW insecurity challenges. The data‐driven approach using a cross‐validated stepwise regression analysis indicates that limited governance and socioeconomic capacity in sub‐Saharan African countries, rather than lack of the primary resources, more significantly impact access to FEW services and associated health outcomes. The proposed framework helps develop a cohesive approach for evaluating FEW metrics and could be applied to other regions of the world to continue improving our understanding of the FEW nexus.
Nearest Star System May Have a Second Planet
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: August 2019

The exoplanet candidate, tentatively named Proxima c, would be a frozen snowball.
Targeted exon skipping with AAV-mediated split adenine base editors
Authors: Winter Jackson , Luu Alan , Gapinske Michael , Manandhar Sony , Shirguppe Shraddha , Woods Wendy S. , Song Jun S. , Perez-Pinera Pablo
Published: August 2019

Techniques for exclusion of exons from mature transcripts have been applied as gene therapies for treating many different diseases. Since exon skipping has been traditionally accomplished using technologies that have a transient effect, it is particularly important to develop new techniques that enable permanent exon skipping. We have recently shown that this can be accomplished using cytidine base editors for permanently disabling the splice acceptor of target exons. We now demonstrate the application of CRISPR-Cas9 adenine deaminase base editors to disrupt the conserved adenine within splice acceptor sites for programmable exon skipping. We also demonstrate that by altering the amino acid sequence of the linker between the adenosine deaminase domain and the Cas9-nickase or by coupling the adenine base editor with a uracil glycosylase inhibitor, the DNA editing efficiency and exon-skipping rates improve significantly. Finally, we developed a split base editor architecture compatible with adeno-associated viral packaging. Collectively, these results represent significant progress toward permanent in vivo exon skipping through base editing and, ultimately, a new modality of gene therapy for the treatment of genetic diseases.
A metabolic profile of all-cause mortality risk identified in an observational study of 44,168 individuals
Authors: Deelen Joris , Kettunen Johannes , Fischer Krista , van der Spek Ashley , Trompet Stella , Kastenmüller Gabi , Boyd Andy , Zierer Jonas , van den Akker Erik B. , Ala-Korpela Mika , Amin Najaf , Demirkan Ayse , Ghanbari Mohsen , van Heemst Diana , Ikram M. Arfan , van Klinken Jan Bert , Mooijaart Simon P. , Peters Annette , Salomaa Veikko , Sattar Naveed , Spector Tim D. , Tiemeier Henning , Verhoeven Aswin , Waldenberger Melanie , Würtz Peter , Davey Smith George , Metspalu Andres , Perola Markus , Menni Cristina , Geleijnse Johanna M. , Drenos Fotios , Beekman Marian , Jukema J. Wouter , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Slagboom P. Eline
Published: August 2019

Predicting longer-term mortality risk requires collection of clinical data, which is often cumbersome. Therefore, we use a well-standardized metabolomics platform to identify metabolic predictors of long-term mortality in the circulation of 44,168 individuals (age at baseline 18–109), of whom 5512 died during follow-up. We apply a stepwise (forward-backward) procedure based on meta-analysis results and identify 14 circulating biomarkers independently associating with all-cause mortality. Overall, these associations are similar in men and women and across different age strata. We subsequently show that the prediction accuracy of 5- and 10-year mortality based on a model containing the identified biomarkers and sex (C-statistic = 0.837 and 0.830, respectively) is better than that of a model containing conventional risk factors for mortality (C-statistic = 0.772 and 0.790, respectively). The use of the identified metabolic profile as a predictor of mortality or surrogate endpoint in clinical studies needs further investigation.
Air pollution exposure associates with increased risk of neonatal jaundice
Authors: Zhang Liqiang , Liu Weiwei , Hou Kun , Lin Jintai , Song Changqing , Zhou Chenghu , Huang Bo , Tong Xiaohua , Wang Jinfeng , Rhine William , Jiao Ying , Wang Ziwei , Ni Ruijing , Liu Mengyao , Zhang Liang , Wang Ziye , Wang Yuebin , Li Xingang , Liu Suhong , Wang Yanhong
Published: August 2019

Clinical experience suggests increased incidences of neonatal jaundice when air quality worsens, yet no studies have quantified this relationship. Here we reports investigations in 25,782 newborns showing an increase in newborn’s bilirubin levels, the indicator of neonatal jaundice risk, by 0.076 (95% CI: 0.027–0.125), 0.029 (0.014–0.044) and 0.009 (95% CI: 0.002–0.016) mg/dL per μg/m3 for PM2.5 exposure in the concentration ranges of 10–35, 35–75 and 75–200 μg/m3, respectively. The response is 0.094 (0.077–0.111) and 0.161 (0.07–0.252) mg/dL per μg/m3 for SO2 exposure at 10–15 and above 15 μg/m3, respectively, and 0.351 (0.314–0.388) mg/dL per mg/m3 for CO exposure. Bilirubin levels increase linearly with exposure time between 0 and 48 h. Positive relationship between maternal exposure and newborn bilirubin level is also quantitated. The jaundice−pollution relationship is not affected by top-of-atmosphere incident solar irradiance and atmospheric visibility. Improving air quality may therefore be key to lowering the neonatal jaundice risk.
Probing molecular mechanisms of M13 bacteriophage adhesion
Authors: Lim Chanoong , Ko Jina , Jeon Dasom , Song Yoojung , Park Jinwoo , Ryu Jungki , Lee Dong Woog
Published: August 2019

M13 bacteriophages can provide a versatile platform for nanobiotechnology because of their unique biological and physicochemical properties. Polypeptides on their surfaces can be finely tuned on demand through genetic engineering, enabling tailored assembly of multiple functional components through specific interactions. Their versatility has been demonstrated by synthesizing various unprecedented hybrid materials for energy storage, biosensing, and catalysis. Here we select a specific type of genetically engineered M13 bacteriophage (DSPH) to investigate the origin of interactions. The interaction forces between the phage-coated surface and five different functionalized self-assembled monolayers are directly measured using a surface forces apparatus. We confirm that the phages have strong adhesion energies in acidic environments due to π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions, while hydrogen bonding interactions remain relatively weak. These results provide quantitative and qualitative information of the molecular interaction mechanisms of DSPH phages, which can be utilized as a database of the bacteriophage interactions.
An efficient method for high-pH peptide fractionation based on C18 StageTips for in-depth proteome profiling
Authors: Kim Hyeyoon , Dan Kisoon , Shin Hyunsuk , Lee Junghun , Wang Joseph Injae , Han Dohyun
Published: August 2019

Development of an efficient method for tip-based high-pH peptide fractionation suitable for proteomic analysis using small amounts of protein.
1H quantitative NMR and UHPLC-MS analysis of seized MDMA/NPS mixtures and tablets from night-club venues
Authors: Naqi Husain A. , Husbands Stephen M. , Blagbrough Ian S.
Published: August 2019

A fast (15 min), accurate and reproducible 1H q-NMR (in D2O) analysis performed on many samples containing complex mixtures of MDMA and NPS revealing significant differences in their ratios.
Influence of size, crosslinking degree and surface structure of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-based microgels on their penetration into multicellular tumor spheroids
Authors: Zhang Changchang , Gau Elisabeth , Sun Wenjie , Zhu Jianzhi , Schmidt Ben Michael , Pich Andrij , Shi Xiangyang
Published: August 2019

The influence of size, crosslinking degree and surface structure of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-based microgels on their penetration into tumor spheroids has been explored.
La2O2CO3-Induced phase composition oscillation in La–Cu mixed oxides during repeated catalytic soot combustion
Authors: Zhao Han , Li Hongcheng , Gu Yongwan , Zheng Tingting , Zhao Depeng , Xia Wenzheng , Zhao Yunkun , Chen Hangrong
Published: August 2019

La2O2CO3-Induced phase composition oscillation between phase 1 (CuO + La2O2CO3) and phase 2 (La2CuO4) in La–Cu mixed oxides during repeated catalytic soot combustion.
Few-layered mesoporous graphene for high-performance toluene adsorption and regeneration
Authors: Wang Yaling , Li Zehui , Tang Cheng , Ren Haixia , Zhang Qiang , Xue Mo , Xiong Jin , Wang Dongbin , Yu Qian , He Zhiyuan , Wei Fei , Jiang Jingkun
Published: August 2019

Few-layered mesoporous graphene was fabricated for adsorption of toluene with high capacity, a high desorption ratio and resistance to high humidity.
Screen versus cyclone for improved capacity and robustness for sidestream and mainstream deammonification
Authors: Van Winckel Tim , Vlaeminck Siegfried E. , Al-Omari Ahmed , Bachmann Benjamin , Sturm Belinda , Wett Bernhard , Takács Imre , Bott Charles , Murthy Sudhir N. , De Clippeleir Haydée
Published: August 2019

Combining physical and metabolic selection allowed for determination of ideal operational conditions and capacity gain in full-scale deammonification systems.
Development of hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase inhibitors of bis-substituted aromatic amides with antitumor activities
Authors: Ge Di , Han Lina , Yang Feifei , Zhao Na , Yang Yang , Zhang Hua , Chen Yihua
Published: August 2019

Previously, we designed and synthesized a series of bis-substituted aromatic amide-based histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors.
Carbon dots: advances in nanocarbon applications
Authors: Kang Zhenhui , Lee Shuit-Tong
Published: August 2019

We highlight the recent progress in the practical applications of C-Dots, with particular attention to the research in light-emitting devices, bioimaging and biodetection, catalysis, functional materials, and agriculture.
In situ growth of ultrasmall cesium lead bromine quantum dots in a mesoporous silica matrix and their application in flexible light-emitting diodes
Authors: Chen Peng , Liu Yufeng , Zhang Zhijun , Sun Yan , Hou Jingshan , Zhao Guoying , Zou Jun , Fang Yongzheng , Xu Jiayue , Dai Ning
Published: August 2019

In situ growth of ultrasmall cesium lead bromine quantum dots in a mesoporous silica matrix can efficiently depressed QDs' self-absorption, simultaneously improving their characteristics of thermal quenching, luminous decay and chemical stability.
Strain engineering on the electronic states of two-dimensional GaN/graphene heterostructure
Authors: Deng Zhongxun , Wang Xianhui
Published: August 2019

Combining two different layered structures to form a van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure has recently emerged as an intriguing way of designing electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Interactions between the science teaching orientations and components of pedagogical content knowledge of in-service chemistry teachers
Authors: Ekiz-Kiran Betul , Boz Yezdan
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the interactions between in-service chemistry teachers’ science teaching orientations and other components of their pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). Two experienced chemistry teachers participated in this study. Data were collected through interviews, classroom observations, and field notes as the participants taught the mixtures unit. The results indicated that the participants held solid foundation purposes, in which students use science to be successful in their exams or next classes, along with everyday coping and correct explanations purposes. When participants’ correct explanations and solid foundation purposes interacted together with the same PCK component, solid foundation appeared to be the reason for their correct explanations purpose. The teaching strategies that teachers preferred to use interacted with their solid foundation and correct explanations purposes, and the participants altered curricula only if they believed it would lead students to achieve better scores on examinations. Participants’ beliefs about science teaching and learning indicated aspects of teacher-focused beliefs that prevent teachers from focusing on students’ prerequisite knowledge, learning difficulties, and misconceptions. These beliefs interacted with all the sub-components of knowledge of instructional strategies. In addition, there was an interaction between knowledge of curricula and beliefs about science teaching and learning for participants that were more knowledgeable about the curriculum. Moreover, what the teachers assessed was related to their correct explanations and everyday coping beliefs, while the way they assessed was related to their solid foundation beliefs. Last, none of the participants emphasised the aspects of the nature of science during their instruction.
Rational design of a DNA sequence-specific modular protein tag by tuning the alkylation kinetics
Authors: Nguyen Thang Minh , Nakata Eiji , Zhang Zhengxiao , Saimura Masayuki , Dinh Huyen , Morii Takashi
Published: August 2019

A design principle for sequence-specific DNA modifiers driven by the specific DNA recognition was proposed based on the kinetic parameters for DNA binding and modification reactions.
Thermodynamic insights into the entropically driven self-assembly of amphiphilic dyes in water
Authors: Syamala Pradeep P. N. , Soberats Bartolome , Görl Daniel , Gekle Stephan , Würthner Frank
Published: August 2019

Entropically driven self-assembly of amphiphilic dyes in water, dictated by hydration as well as orientation of oligo-ethylene glycol chains is reported.
A modeling framework to assess specific energy, costs and environmental impacts of Li-ion and Na-ion batteries
Authors: Schneider Simon F. , Bauer Christian , Novák Petr , Berg Erik J.
Published: August 2019

Holistic assessment of Li-ion and Na-ion batteries through integration of physics-based battery model into economic and environmental analysis framework.
High-performance supercapacitor energy storage using a carbon material derived from lignin by bacterial activation before carbonization
Authors: Zhang Kejing , Liu Mingren , Zhang Tingzheng , Min Xiaoye , Wang Zhongren , Chai Liyuan , Shi Yan
Published: August 2019

A novel green bacterial activation method for the synthesis of a lignin derived carbon material with excellent electrochemical performances.
Oriented porous LLZO 3D structures obtained by freeze casting for battery applications
Authors: Shen Hao , Yi Eongyu , Amores Marco , Cheng Lei , Tamura Nobumichi , Parkinson Dilworth Y. , Chen Guoying , Chen Kai , Doeff Marca
Published: August 2019

A novel freeze casting technique was employed to obtain 3D porous LLZO solid-electrolyte scaffolds that were infiltrated with NMC-622 cathode material to form thick composite electrodes for all-solid-state batteries.
Metal organic framework-derived hollow cactus-like carbon sheets for oxygen reduction
Authors: Zhang Ming , Wang Chaohai , Yan Xin , Kwame Klu Prosper , Chen Saisai , Xiao Chengming , Qi Junwen , Sun Xiuyun , Wang Lianjun , Li Jiansheng
Published: August 2019

The formation mechanism of the 1D/2D structure for CS/CNTs.
Modulating the d-band center of boron doped single-atom sites to boost the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Sun He , Wang Mengfan , Du Xinchuan , Jiao Yu , Liu Sisi , Qian Tao , Yan Yichao , Liu Chen , Liao Min , Zhang Qinghua , Meng Linxing , Gu Lin , Xiong Jie , Yan Chenglin
Published: August 2019

A boron dopant is experimentally and theoretically confirmed to effectively modulate the d-band center of a single-atom catalyst, enabling favorable adsorption kinetics of oxygen intermediates and thus greatly improving the ORR performance.
BiVO4 optimized to nano-worm morphology for enhanced activity towards photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Dey Kajal Kumar , Gahlawat Soniya , Ingole Pravin P.
Published: August 2019

Unique worm-like BiVO4 nanoparticles prepared through hydrothermal treatment of scheelite tetragonal BiVO4 show enhanced performance towards photo-electrochemical water splitting.
Block copolymer-based porous carbons for supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Liu Guoliang
Published: August 2019

This short review highlights the recent development of block copolymer-based porous carbons as supercapacitor electrodes.
Highly wrinkled carbon tubes as an advanced anode for K-ion full batteries
Authors: Li Peng , Hwang Jang-Yeon , Sun Yang-Kook
Published: August 2019

Highly wrinkled carbon tubes based on a novel two-step wrinkle formation mechanism show ultrahigh potassium storage capabilities.
Novel side-chain alternative copolymer combined FRET and DRET with large pseudo-Stokes shift and polarity-sensitive fluorescence behavior
Authors: Yu Yan , Yang Bohao , Yuan Yongjie , Zhang Hailiang
Published: August 2019

A novel alternative copolymer incorporating tetraphenylethene (TPE) and naphthalimide (NI) into styrene and maleic anhydride as side chains was designed and synthesized.
Determining Emotional Tone and Verbal Behavior in Patients With Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Kimball Suzanne H. , Hamilton Toby , Benear Erin , Baldwin Jonathan
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the emotional tone and verbal behavior of social media users who self-identified as having tinnitus and/or hyperacusis that caused self-described negative consequences on daily life or health.

Research Design and Method

An explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized. Two hundred “initial” and 200 “reply” Facebook posts were collected from members of a tinnitus group and a hyperacusis group. Data were analyzed via the LIWC 2015 software program and compared to typical bloggers. As this was an explanatory mixed-methods study, we used qualitative thematic analyses to explain, interpret, and illustrate the quantitative results.

Results

Overall, quantitative results indicated lower overall emotional tone for all categories (tinnitus and hyperacusis, initial and reply), which was mostly influenced by higher negative emotion. Higher levels of authenticity or truth were found in the hyperacusis sample but not in the tinnitus sample. Lower levels of clout (social standing) were indicated in all groups, and a lower level of analytical thinking style (concepts and complex categories rather than narratives) was found in the hyperacusis sample. Additional analysis of the language indicated higher levels of sadness and anxiety in all groups and lower levels of anger, particularly for initial replies. These data support prior findings indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression in this patient population based on the actual words in blog posts and not from self-report questionnaires. Qualitative results identified 3 major themes from both the tinnitus and hyperacusis texts: suffering, negative emotional tone, and coping strategies.

Conclusions

Results from this study suggest support for the predominant clinical view that patients with tinnitus and hyperacusis have higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. The extent of the suffering described and patterns of coping strategies suggest clinical practice patterns and the need for research in implementing improved practice plans.
Effects of Grade and School Services on Children's Responsibility for Hearing Aid Care
Authors: Klein Kelsey E. , Spratford Meredith , Redfern Alexandra , Walker Elizabeth A.
Published: August 2019

Purpose

We investigated trends in hearing aid maintenance and assumption of responsibility for hearing aids in school-age children who are hard of hearing. Specifically, we examined the extent to which families own necessary hearing aid maintenance equipment, whether and by whom hearing aid maintenance tasks are being completed, and the effects of grade and receipt of an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or 504 plan on a child's assumption of responsibility for hearing aid care.

Method

Participants included 167 children who are hard of hearing in 1st to 4th grade. Caregivers reported whether the families owned various types of hearing aid maintenance equipment (listening tube, battery tester, and dri-aid kit) and who normally completes various hearing aid maintenance tasks. Information about children's audiological characteristics was also collected.

Results

Thirty-two percent of families reported not owning at least 1 piece of hearing aid maintenance equipment. Using a battery tester and performing a listening check were the maintenance tasks completed the least frequently, with 49% and 28% of caregivers reporting that these tasks are not completed regularly, respectively. Children's responsibility for hearing aid maintenance increased with grade. After controlling for maternal education and degree of hearing loss, children with an IEP or 504 plan took more responsibility for hearing aid maintenance tasks than children without these services.

Conclusion

Important hearing aid maintenance tasks, such as listening checks, are not completed regularly for many children, even when families own the necessary equipment. Ensuring that children who are hard of hearing have an IEP or 504 plan throughout elementary school may support self-advocacy and encourage children to take responsibility for their hearing aids, which may lead to more consistent hearing aid functioning.
3D‐MIMO beamforming realised by AQPSO algorithm for cylindrical conformal phased array
Authors: Jiang Xing , Xie Ming‐cong , Wei Jia , Wang Kun‐peng , Peng Lin
Published: August 2019

Three‐dimensional (3D)‐MIMO beamforming realised by adaptive quantum particle swarm optimisation (AQPSO) algorithm for the 36‐element cylindrical conformal phased array is proposed in this study. The cylindrical conformal phased array consists of 36 circularly polarised microstrip antenna elements with ultra‐wideband and high gain characteristics. The conformal array is divided into 12 subarrays using reconfigurable technology, and each subarray produces six beams to cover the corresponding spatial area. The 3D‐MIMO beam is formed by AQPSO, and the active element pattern data of array elements is introduced to AQPSO to improve the accuracy of the algorithm. The simulated and measured results show that the cylindrical conformal phased array can achieve 3D‐MIMO beam coverage from 0° to 360° in the azimuth plane and from 67.5° to 112.5° in the elevation plane. It can be applied for satellite communication and fifth‐generation base station communication.
PV module behaviour on the substring level under real conditions monitored by junction box electronic device Jubomer
Authors: Brecl Kristijan , Pirc Matija , Bokalič Matevž , Morelj Dorijan , Topič Marko
Published: August 2019

Understanding the degradation of a photovoltaic (PV) system is crucial for predicting the behaviour of a PV system or acting quickly in case of strong PV module degradation. A novel concept with Wi‐Fi devices for monitoring the substring voltages of PV modules is presented and case studies of PV modules' substring voltages during operation of the PV system are reported on. A new electronic device called Jubomer was custom developed to fit into the junction box of a PV module and to measure the voltages of each module substring. The analysis of substring voltages shows that this methodology can reveal problematic modules without conducting a comprehensive testing procedure on disconnected PV modules. The results of the voltage measurements are also linked with the detailed analysis of a PV module using an electroluminescence imaging technique, which verifies the proposed concept.
Interdependence of electricity and heat distribution systems coupled by an AA‐CAES‐based energy hub
Authors: Bai Jiayu , Chen Laijun , Liu Feng , Mei Shengwei
Published: August 2019

With the development of economy and the growth of industrial demands, the peak–valley difference of electric load is ever increasing, calling for the deployment of energy storage units. Advanced‐adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA‐CAES) is a promising large‐scale energy storage technology and exhibits various advantages in fast response, long service time, low environmental impact and so on. It also has the potential in combined heat‐and‐power production because heat is a by‐product when air is compressed. This study presents a novel AA‐CAES‐based energy hub and its mathematical formulation considering the pressure behaviours and mass flow rate variations of AA‐CAES, and further envisions its business model for the transaction with a power distribution system and a heating system under time‐of‐use price. A bilevel game‐theoretical model is developed to capture the interaction between the two infrastructures through the integrated demand response of the energy hub and investigate the equilibrium state at which none of the stakeholders would like to alter their strategy unilaterally. Results show the interdependence of electricity and heat prices as well as the economic impact of energy hub performance.
Waste Heat Recovery for a Diesel Tractor Engine: A Comparison Study
Authors: Radu Bogdan , Racovitza Alexandru
Published: August 2019

One of the major concerns of nowadays is related to the Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) from the thermal engines, especially regarding the high rating power engines. For Diesel tractor engines, long time operated at high loads, the amount of the saved energy is linked to a significant fuel economy. The proposed study is based on the AMESIM simulation code and performs a comparison between two methods of heat recovery: the one using a supplementary turbine (turbo-compound method) and that using an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). The tested engine is an IVECO Cursor 10 Diesel engine type, equipping CASE tractors designed for agricultural activities. The energy savings provided by the engine exhaust gas heat recovery could be further used in supplementing the engine traction, either to be delivered to the auxiliary systems, leading in both cases to a decrease of the fuel consumption.
Energy passivation of a building. The ICSTM building case study
Authors: Nedelcu Otilia , Salisteanu Ioan Corneliu , Ivanovici Traian , Dogaru Valentin
Published: August 2019

The renewable energy sources are becoming more and more current in the energy supply of buildings, from residential buildings to institutional buildings. The renewable energy sources have proved to be a solution and an important element of the Romanian Energy System. We are starting from the idea of using the renewable sources to passivize a building, and we are relying on existing facilities in the Multidisciplinary Scientific and Technological Research Institute (ICSTM) from Valahia University of Targoviste (UVT) to produce the energy from its own sources. We are also considering the consumption data from previous year as well as the electric link to external power grid. This paper aims to propose new renewable energy units so that ICSTM become energetical independent. Currently, the ICSTM building consumes an amount of energy produced from renewable sources about three times less than that consumed from the external network. In order to determine the number of equipment, specifically CPV (concentrating photovoltaic) panels placed on trackers, it is desirable to create a 40% reserve above the installed power, taking in account the possible future development of the research laboratories.
Optimization of biogas composition in experimental studies
Authors: Dimitrov Radostin , Ivanov Zdravko , Zlateva Penka , Mihaylov Veselin
Published: August 2019

The article is focused on the potential and application of biogas, as an alternative fuel from Renewable Energy Sources, for use mainly in gas-generator stations. Biogas fuel is basically a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide. Its composition depends on the type of raw material used for its production. Methane concentration in biogas is between 50÷80%. To be possible engine to work with maximum efficiency with different biogas fuels, it is necessary to modify specific adjustment parameters depending on the concentration of methane in the mixture. This requires the creation of a biogas simulation system for different concentrations of the main components.

The aim is to investigate and determine the optimum and permissible biofuel blend concentrations and their impact on engine performance and fuel consumption. Biogas can be used as a fuel to produce electricity, heat or steam or as fuel for internal combustion engine, and its use will help to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
Modelling and simulation of a wind energy system
Authors: Alionte Cristian-Gabriel , Ungureanu Liviu-Marian
Published: August 2019

Nowadays, wind energy systems are the most efficient systems of all renewable energy production systems. Therefore, all sizes and types of this kind of systems are available, but there are few portable systems which can be temporarily mounted in certain isolated areas. We propose in this case study another solution as an alternative: an adaptable mechatronic system which can withstand even in very difficult and challenging weather conditions due to their active surfaces that have reconfigurable automatic structure.
Monitoring the State of Small Power Equipment
Authors: Dragomirescu Andrei , Carp-Ciocârdia Crăiţa , Safta Carmen-Anca , Orăşanu Nicolae , Magheţi Ioan
Published: August 2019

The paper presents analyses of vibrations measured on power equipment that can be encountered in rural spaces. A centrifugal pump that can be used in a small supply water network or in an irrigation system and a small hydraulic turbine designed for small hydropower plants were tested. Power spectra obtained with the Fast Fourier Transform for the vibrations measured at the pump and at the turbine are presented and discussed and defects that affect the normal operation of the machines are identified. The results highlight the importance of vibration diagnosis in the process of monitoring the operation of the machines, as a proactive maintenance method.
Innovative technical equipment for weed control in leguminous crops
Authors: Marin Eugen , Mateescu Marinela , Roşca Ioan , Andrei Ana-Maria , Jinga Vasile , Grădilă Marga
Published: August 2019

Through its rural development policy, the EU aims to help rural areas cope with the many economic, social and environmental challenges that the 21st century brings. Weeds are a major scourge for farmers who cultivate organic leguminous crops in rural areas, which often have to invest in many weed control methods in order to increase crop yields. The paper presents innovative technical equipment for weed control through a process involving the blasting of young weeds with small fragments of organic material by means of air compressor and granular material distribution system that degrades in depth both the strain and the leaves of the weeds. Organic materials that can be used in weed blasting are walnut shells, granulated corn cobs, glauconite (also found in Romania) and soy flour. An additional advantage of the equipment is the potential for farmers in rural areas to use organic fertilizers, such as soy flour, as blasting material.
Modelling by Finite Element Method of the twin-screw of a press for obtaining grape seed oil
Authors: Vasilachi Carmen , Biriş Sorin-Stefan
Published: August 2019

This paper is about getting grape seed oil using a twin-screw press. Grape seed oil is a by-product of the wine industry due to the need to reduce the amount of waste, but at the same time it has been found that this oil is an excellent ingredient that can be used in many industries. It is assumed that the use of twin-screw is more efficient than single-screw extraction due to the larger pressures that are created inside the press chamber. This study focuses on the finite element method analysis of how the press process is carried out. Using the finite element method, we can get an overview of how the pressure acts on the sides of the twin-screw, how it influences the temperature but also other process factors. When we have all these, we can begin optimizing the twin-screw press process.
A review on phytoremediation as an ecological method for in situ clean up of heavy metals contaminated soils
Authors: Cioica Nicolae , Tudora Cătălina , Iuga Dorin , Deak György , Matei Monica , Nagy Elena Mihaela , Gyorgy Zoltan
Published: August 2019

Heavy metals are among the most common types of contaminants in agricultural soils, especially those bordering the cities, due to the uncontrolled use of sewage sludge, compost, mining waste and chemical fertilizers. Excessive accumulation of heavy metals, which do not degrade over time, adversely affects crop yields by decreasing microbial activity and fertility of contaminated soils. Also, excess of heavy metals in the soil poses a serious threat to plant and animal health and, through their entry into the food chain, to human health. For this reason, the decontamination of soils contaminated with heavy metals has become a necessity. This review presents the current state of phytoremediation research as the most cost-effective method of in-situ environmental decontamination of soils contaminated with heavy metals.
Greenhouse heating by using an installation of biomass gasification
Authors: Laza Evelin , Dumitrescu Liliana , Boboc Madalina , Moiceanu Georgiana
Published: August 2019

The use of renewable energies has seen a significant increase in energy demand in agriculture, in competition with solid, liquid or gaseous fossil fuels. Wood and other forms of biomass including energy crops, agricultural and forest biomass are transformed into energy through thermal, biological or physical processes. Thermo-chemical conversion, biomass gasification, is the most attractive technology that offers a high conversion efficiency compared to direct burning or rapid pyrolysis.
Determination of extensibility for certain types of pretzels dough
Authors: Munteanu Mariana Gabriela , Voicu Gheorghe , Ştefan Elena Mădălina , Constantin Gabriel Alexandru
Published: August 2019

Determination of pretzels dough is essential to analyse the technological process, the dough handling behaviour and properties of the finished product. In various processing steps such as kneading, dividing, shaping and baking the dough undergoes different mechanical deformation, including the extent, compression or shear. In the literature there are several methods for analysing these properties. These include empirical rheological methods, such as recording dough evolution during kneading, extensibility measurement or fundamental rheological methods. The study in this paper propose to investigate the behaviour of different types of test dough extensibility and make estimates of the values of the moment (time) and maximum force that wick dough is deformed to appearance of fracture. The maximum elongation of the dough wick is determined for the same values of its initial geometry as well as the other test parameters for two types of dough, one with a composition of 45% water, 10% oil and 45% flour, and another with a composition of 55% water, 10% oil and 35% flour. Preliminary results have found that a dough with more water has a greater tensile strength than the dough with the same amount of oil and less water.