bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LOS MUNDOS VIRTUALES, LA REALIDAD AUMENTADA, LA REALIDAD VIRTUAL YMETAVERSOS. ALGUNAS REFLEXIONES EDUCATIVAS
Authors: Fainholc Beatriz
Published: December 2024

Esta é uma contribuição que reflete sobre uma possível oferta das tecnologias imersivas, como os metaversos na educação, a realidade aumentada, a realidade virtual e a inteligência artificial. Trata-se de modalidades de mundos virtuais inseridos no contexto da sociedade e da cultura digital global atual. Busca-se esclarecer o papel dos mundos virtuais e do software associado em sua influência nos programas educacionais físicos, virtuais ou híbridos. A combinação desses softwares de modalidade presencial e virtual implica em discussões educacionais sérias, quando se trata de pensar na captação do real por meio de interfaces tecnológicas, de grande interação digital para aprender e dos professores para ensinar. Estudar a geração dos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem, e não apenas como recursos didáticos, más dentro de uma concepção mais ampla sobre o conhecimento, requer uma abordagem sistêmica-holística, com inscrição teórico-prática em um quadro epistemológico-pedagógico relacional e recursivo do mundo do software. São descritas algumas das características, possíveis vantagens, limitações, impactos e incógnitas desses programas digitais na educação formal e informal. Também são consideradas as críticas feitas que exigem estudos científico-tecnológico-educacionais mais aprofundados, quando se trata de enfrentar o aumento da virtualidade em nossas vidas e em relação a uma melhoria autêntica na educação. A educação em concepção e prática mediadas pelas novas tecnologias deve ser planejada com cuidado e cautela, de forma reflexiva e criativa, a fim de inventar propostas para futuros desconhecidos, especialmente nos tempos culturais digitais.
AIRBNB E REPRESENTAÇÕES COLETIVAS: UMA PERSPECTIVA SOCIOLÓGICA SOBRE OS SERVIÇOS DE HOSPEDAGEM
Authors: Gomes Greice Martins , Leite Elaine da Silveira
Published: December 2024

Este artigo pretende contribuir para o corpo existente de trabalhos acadêmicos críticos sobre as economias de compartilhamento, turismo e novas (re)organizações socioeconômicas derivadas disso. Para tanto, discute-se como organizações contemporâneas, como a empresa de hospedagens domésticas Airbnb, podem influenciar na construção das representações coletivas sobre os serviços que oferecem. Abordamos empiricamente o fenômeno a partir da Análise de Conteúdo de um corpus preliminar de 615 avaliações pós-estadia deixadas no site. Os dados sugerem que as representações coletivas neste meio são construídas a partir de estados mentais coletivos que mesclam senso de pertencimento comunitário à ideia de proximidade. Construção, tal, relacionada aos processos de adaptação do capitalismo às críticas quanto aos modelos de hospedagem anteriores. Para além de reinterpretar o conceito sociológico clássico de representações coletivas tomando como base novas formas de consumo relacionadas ao universo do turismo, a originalidade e contribuição do presente estudo está em, efetivamente, colocar em prática um diálogo interdisciplinar entre sociologia e turismo.[1] O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), código de financiamento 001.
ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO DA ALTA DEMANDA NA QUALIDADE DE SERVIÇOS DE UM HOTEL EXECUTIVO, UTILIZANDO O MODELO TOURQUAL
Authors: Bittencourt Marina Cristina de Albuquerque Paraíso , Mondo Tiago Savi
Published: December 2024

Com as atividades turísticas cada vez mais avançadas, a qualidade de serviços em equipamentos e no trade se tornou altamente relevante. Com a competitividade no setor hoteleiro, é necessário que cada estabelecimento avalie o seu padrão de qualidade e verifique o que está sendo entregue tanto na alta quanto na baixa ocupação. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar impacto da alta demanda na qualidade de serviços do estabelecimento XYZ Hotel utilizando como base o modelo de Tourqual de avaliação da qualidade de serviços hoteleiros. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de observação participante e o instrumento foi um roteiro de coleta baseado no protocolo Tourqual Hotéis. Verificou-se que trinta indicadores do protocolo obtiveram avaliação diferente com relação a sazonalidade assim podendo concluir que é necessário possuir processos internos bem definidos para não perder o padrão de qualidade, além disto identificou-se que indicadores que se referem a infraestrutura pouco alteraram, as de caráter de atendimento sofreram mais alterações.
FACTORS LEADING WOMEN TO LEAVE THE LABOR MARKET AFTER THE BIRTH OF THEIR FIRST CHILD
Authors: Schneider Luis Carlos , Pires Vanessa Martins , Regert Leidinara da Silva Borges
Published: December 2024

Women must work, be successful, and cope with multiple journeys. On the other hand, the traditional roles of women still weigh in their daily lives. Facing this scenario, many women have left the labor market and in some cases have left successful careers after the birth of their first child. An exploratory research with in-depth interviews and a survey containing 120 respondents from the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre/RS was carried out. We sought to investigated what are the factors that lead women to leave the labor market after the birth of their first child. Less than half of the respondents considered they had faced dilemmas, and those who did, experienced dilemmas related to the dual role of mother and professional, and doubts about how to return work after the period dedicated to the child. This denotes the importance of dedication and the effective role of the mothers as great influencers of these decisions. It is recommended that future studies include a sample with distinct characteristics that may reveal other information about the reality of working mothers who work and perform double or multiple day’s journey in their roles of woman, wife, mother and professional.
HOSPITALIDADE, HOSPITABLENESS E DESEMPENHO DA EMPRESA EM SHOPPING CENTER NA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Marguti Auhana Nardini , Marques Roseane Barcellos
Published: December 2024

A Hospitalidade em ambientes que fogem ao setor hoteleiro está presente nas discussões de diversos ramos de serviços. No varejo, por exemplo, este conceito pode ser aplicado para auxiliar a compreender as percepções que um cliente e os funcionários têm sobre determinado estabelecimento, e estuda-se a relação destas características com o desempenho da empresa. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo principal identificar a percepção que os anfitriões têm sobre os conceitos e Hospitalidade, Hospitableness e Firm performance. Para este estudo, optou-se por realizar uma pesquisa quantitativa, com uma escala pré-testada e validada. A análise descritiva dos resultados foi realizada com o auxílio do software Tableau Public 2020.20. Para os anfitriões que foram entrevistados, a Hospitalidade proporcionada aos seus clientes se mostrou de grande relevância e as características hospitaleiras dos funcionários também são evidenciadas como importante na relação de trabalho. Por intermédio dos resultados obtidos foi possível considerar que a Hospitalidade e as características hospitaleiras aparecem como fatores importantes para o negócio, principalmente na relação entre os funcionários e os consumidores.
ESTRATÉGIAS COMPETITIVAS: UM ESTUDO APLICADO NOS HOTÉIS DE PALMAS-TO
Authors: Sena Júnior Otávio Bezerra de , Silva Deusimária Fernandes , De Almeida Barros Alice Emanuele
Published: December 2024

O setor de hotelaria vem crescendo em Palmas/TO, incrementando a oferta de acomodação para os viajantes. Diante do aumento da demanda, o trade hoteleiro vem incorporando novos empreendimentos, acirrando a competitividade entre os meios de hospedagem, despertando as empresas para a adoção de estratégias que visem a conquistar novos hóspedes e fidelizar os assíduos. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as principais estratégias competitivas utilizadas no mercado hoteleiro de Palmas/TO. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, com os gerentes e proprietários. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e após análise e levantamento de dados os resultados foram apresentados baseando-se no modelo de Porter (2009). Os principais resultados demonstraram que as estratégias de preço e atendimento diferenciado foram as mais destacadas para fidelizar e atrair novos hóspedes, forçando os hotéis a se adaptarem estruturalmente para acompanhar o desenvolvimento do setor de maneira competitiva e inovadora.
SUCCESSFUL LEFT PELVIC LIMB AMPUTATION IN A WHITE-HEADED MARMOSET (Callithrix geoffroyi) FOLLOWED BY RELEASE INTO THE WILD
Authors: Valdetaro Rangel Maria Cristina , Drago Marchesi Marina , Rossi Jr João Luiz
Published: December 2024

Surgical reports involving wild animals are still scarce in the literature, particularly those documenting successful survival through surgery and postoperative handling stress in captivity. This study aims to present a case of Callithrix geoffroyi following total pelvic limb amputation. A young female white-headed marmoset weighing 395 grams, rescued by highway patrol in Guarapari – ES, with anatomical and functional deformities of the pelvic limb, including a multi-fragmented femoral shaft fracture. Given the severity of the fractures and limitations in applicable osteosynthesis techniques, amputation was necessary, considering spinal canal size, animal behavior, and potential for successful release. The white-headed marmoset resumed activity three hours post-surgery and was transferred to the Wildlife Sector at the Veterinary Hospital, housed in a wireframe cage with balanced nutrition, water, and environmental enrichment. Daily monitoring over 10 days assessed behavior, pain, nutrition, and surgical site healing. Upon complete wound recovery, the marmoset was transferred to wildlife management authorities for planned release. During this process, no aggressive behavior was observed from other white-headed marmosets, prompting the opening of the cage and the white-headed marmoset's voluntary movement towards a fruit tree among conspecifics.
Information technology for forecasting epidemiological threats based on the telegraphic equation
Authors: Malanchuk Oksana M. , Тryhuba Аnatoliy M.
Published: December 2024

Based on the analysis, it is established that traditional approaches, such as the SIR (Susceptible-Infectious-Covered) and SEIR
(Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Covered) models, do not provide sufficient forecasting accuracy and do not take into account the
complex dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases. The need to develop a method that will improve forecasting accuracy and
provide support for managerial decision-making to predict the spread of epidemiological threats based on the telegraphic equation is
substantiated. The developed system allows for making effective management decisions aimed at reducing the negative impact of the
epidemic on the population and medical infrastructure. The use of the telegraphic level allows us to predict the wave spread of
infection, spatial and temporal delays, as well as sources of new infections, which ensures accurate forecasting of peak periods, the
duration of the epidemic, and the workload of medical facilities. The developed method integrates the classical SIR model with the
telegraphic level, which allows the modelling the dynamics of infection spread in a spatio-temporal environment. This method
provides forecasting of the spatial and temporal dynamics of infection spread, taking into account wave effects, delays, and the
influence of external factors. It provides an opportunity to accurately analyze key epidemic indicators, such as the peak of the
disease, its duration, and the distribution of the burden on hospitals. The developed method and mathematical model based on the
telegraphic level provided an appropriate level of accuracy in predicting the spatial and temporal dynamics of the spread of
epidemiological threats. Testing the model on historical COVID-19 data showed that the average forecast error was 5...10%. This
indicates the model's adequacy. In the case of high population mobility, the model accurately described the wave dynamics of the
infection. The proposed decision support system includes a user-friendly interface with four tabs for entering model parameters,
analyzing results, visualizing them, and generating recommendations. It allows to improve the accuracy of estimating the duration of
the epidemic, peak loads, and some resources. The developed system is a tool for managers to support the adoption of governmental
decisions aimed at predicting the infection of the population of regions and optimizing the use of medical resources. The results of
the study can be used to plan epidemic response measures at the local, regional, and global levels. The proposed system ensures
efficiency, flexibility, and accuracy, which are key to managing epidemiological situations in the face of modern challenges.
Development of the architecture of a computer aided diagnosis system in medicine
Authors: Berezsky Oleh M. , Liashchynskyi Pavlo B.
Published: December 2024

With the development of information technology, automation of various production processes is an urgent task, and medical
diagnostics is no exception. In recent decades, artificial intelligence and information technology have been widely used in computer
diagnostic systems. However, as technology advances, so do the challenges. Not every system is optimized and fast, and traditional
methods are fading into the background. Often, systems do not use cloud technologies and have unoptimized architectures. This all
affects their performance and, accordingly, is an urgent problem. The study analyzes the methods used in computer diagnostic
systems and compares them in terms of advantages and disadvantages. The scientific works related to computer diagnostic systems in
medicine for specific tasks are analyzed. The existing architectures of computer diagnostic systems are analyzed, which made it
possible to identify the use of consistent approaches to diagnosis. Based on the analyzed data, the purpose, objectives, object and
subject of the study are determined. A new architecture has been developed that uses the capabilities of U-Net for image
segmentation and convolutional neural networks for medical image classification. The developed architecture is designed to increase
the speed and automation of diagnostic processes through the use of neural networks and, accordingly, reduce human intervention.
The scientific novelty of the developed architecture lies in the parallel execution of medical image segmentation and classification
tasks, which gives a potential increase in data processing speed, and in the availability of an image generator, which solves the
problem of lack of test data for model training.
ResJobFit - end-to-end artificial neural networks based technology for job-resume matching
Authors: Bocharova Maiia Y. , Malakhov Eugene V.
Published: December 2024

With the ever-growing expansion of online recruitment, a reliable person-job matching has become increasingly crucial. Due to
different experience, education and specialization requirements, as well as location considerations, specified in the job advertisement,
various aspects should be taken into account for reliable matching and ranking of candidates. It has been shown that matching of
resumes and vacancies can be approached as either pair classification or semantic similarity search based on embeddings. While
classification approaches process each vacancy-resume pair sequentially, thus resulting in quadratic time complexity, independent
text embeddings and ranking is a much more efficient and scalable solution, since it has linear time complexity. In this article
semantic similarity search to rank suitability of candidates with regards to vacancies has been used. ResJobFit - an end-to-end
Artificial Neural Networks based technology for job-resume matching is proposed. ResJobFit technology consists of Segmentation,
Parsing, Summarization and HR Embedding Module models, and their outputs (vector and attributes defining each resume or job
advertisement), as well as a Vector Database in which the records are stored. Unsupervised text embeddings training for HR domain
encapsulating two novel training objectives - intra- and cross-section contrastive alignment is introduced. Pretrained BERT-base
model is adapted by teaching it to match summary-last employment sections of the resume with parts of the same vacancy or
employment section. As baselines TFIDF, BERT, E5 and GTE have been used. The proposed unsupervised training strategy was
compared against SimCSE, DeCLUTR and ConFit approaches. NDCG, MAP and MRR are used as metrics for measuring accuracy
of the designed algorithm. It has been shown that the novel training objective lets it achieve significant improvement in comparison
to other unsupervised training approaches. Improvement of 11% in NDCG was achieved by adapting the DeCLUTR training strategy
for the HR domain based on exploiting the structure of resumes over the classical DeCLUTR training strategy on the task of ranking
summaries of vacancies and resumes generated by large language models. 2% and 6% have been achieved using ResJobFit and
ResJobFit with requirements matching over state-of-the-art ConFit model on the task of ranking full-text vacancies and resumes.
Can Indonesia’s Laws Keep Up? Protecting Consumer Rights in Digital Transactions
Authors: Subagyono Bambang Sugeng Ariadi , Romadhona Mochamad Kevin , Chumaida Zahry Vandawati , Suheryadi Bambang , Elkhashab Noureldin Samy
Published: December 2024

This research examines dispute settlement mechanisms within the framework of Indonesia's consumer protection laws and the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (ITE Law). Utilizing a normative legal methodology, the study analyzes relevant legal principles and doctrines, particularly focusing on Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection and the Civil Code. The key findings of the study are twofold. First, it identifies that corporate entities bear responsibility for consumer losses under both the Consumer Protection Law and the ITE Law, which provides a legal structure for resolving disputes related to electronic transactions. However, the research also reveals a critical distinction: disputes arising from online purchases generally fall under the ITE Law, rather than the Consumer Protection Law. Second, the study highlights the challenge of interpreting the term "consumer" within the Consumer Protection Law, which explicitly refers to the final beneficiary of a product or service. This definition creates ambiguity in cases involving intermediaries or non-end consumers in online transactions. The study's contribution lies in its identification of a legal gap in the current regulatory framework. It suggests that the Consumer Protection Law may require revision to better address the complexities of modern e-commerce, particularly in distinguishing between end consumers and non-end consumers. By doing so, the research provides a foundation for future legal reforms aimed at improving the protection of consumers in the digital marketplace.
AI-Governance als strategisches Instrument
Authors: Sentinella Richard , Honsel Victoria , Schnegg Mael
Published: December 2024

In ihrer AI-Anwendung müssen Unternehmen ethische Anforderungen wie Fairness, Transparenz und Verantwortlichkeiten mitdenken. Auch Regulierungsbehörden definieren immer striktere Regeln für die Nutzung der wirtschaftlichen und technologischen Vorteile von AI. Das St. Galler Governance Framework skizziert Schritte, um eine AI-Governance mit ethischen und rechtlichen Standards in Einklang zu bringen.
Carbon Incentives
Authors: Bastin Karola , Getzin Fares
Published: December 2024

Die Integration von Emissionsreduktionszielen in die Vergütungsstruktur verknüpft Fortschritte auf demWeg zur Klimaneutralität mit monetären Konsequenzen. Der Beitrag analysiert die Voraussetzungen und Ausgestaltungsvarianten von Anreizmechanismen zur Integration von Klimazielen in Vergütungssysteme und illustriert ihre Umsetzung anhand von Beispielen aus der Unternehmenspraxis.
Biases im M&A-Entscheidungsprozess
Authors: Dürholt Christian , Knauer Thorsten , Voßmann Arne
Published: December 2024

Kognitive Verzerrungen, so genannte Biases, beeinflussen das Handeln von Menschen. Anhand einer Befragung deutscher Käuferunternehmen wird gezeigt, dass verschiedene Biases im M&A-Entscheidungsprozess regelmäßig auftreten, aber nur sehr vereinzelt durch Debiasing-Techniken adressiert werden. Der Beitrag stellt den Status quo im Umgang mit Biases dar und leitet konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen ab.
Os partidos políticos e a oposição política na Guiné-Bissau
Authors: Cá Luizinho Jorge , Gugliano Alfredo Alejandro
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a questão da oposição política nos países africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP), particularmente através das lentes do surgimento de partidos políticos de oposição em Guiné-Bissau, enfatizando seu papel central no processo de democratização do País. O objetivo de nossa investigação é identificar o envolvimento dos partidos políticos nesse processo como um fator crucial na instabilidade das instituições democráticas guineenses, uma reflexão que visa incentivar o exame da singularidade da evolução das instituições democráticas no continente africano.
Identification of a Risk Signature and Immune Cell Infiltration Based on Extracellular Matrix-Related lncRNAs in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Moyuan , Cen Tianqi , Huang Shaohui Huang , Wang Chaoyang , Wu Xuan , Zhao Xingru , Xu Zhiwei , Zhang Xiaoju
Published: December 2024

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with late diagnoses often resulting in poor prognoses. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in cancer cell processes. Using big data from RNA-seq of LUAD, we aimed to screen ECM-related lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) to determine their prognostic significance. Our study analyzed the LUAD cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Univariate Cox analysis identified prognostic lncRNAs, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, followed by multivariate Cox analysis, was used to construct a prognostic model. Kaplan-Meier and ROC curves evaluated the model's prognostic performance. A nomogram was created to predict 3-year survival. Enrichment analysis identified biological processes and pathways involved in the signature. Correlations with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor mutation burden (TMB) were analyzed, and potential drug sensitivities for LUAD were predicted. We initially identified 218 ECM-associated genes and 427 ECM-associated lncRNAs within the TCGA LUAD cohort. Subsequent univariate Cox regression analysis selected 26 lncRNAs with significant prognostic value, and an overall survival (OS)-based LASSO Cox regression model further narrowed this to 14 lncRNAs. Multiple Cox regression analyses then distilled these down to 8 critical lncRNAs forming our prognostic risk signature. Nomograms accurately predicted survival. Finally, several potential therapeutic drugs, including afatinib and crizotinib, were identified. Big data analysis established a prognostic signature that predicts survival and immunization in LUAD patients, providing new insights into survival and treatment options.
Pediatric Nephrology Workforce and Access of Children with Kidney Failure to Transplantation in the United States
Authors: Accetta Rojas Gabriela , McCulloch Charles E. , Copeland Timothy P. , Whelan Adrian M. , Bicki Alexandra C. , Giang Sophia , Grimes Barbara A. , Ku Elaine
Published: December 2024

Key Points

Pediatric nephrologists play a critical role in evaluating children with kidney failure for transplant candidacy.

Nephrology is one of the pediatric subspecialties with the greatest workforce shortage in the United States.

Children residing in states with the highest density of pediatric nephrologists had better access to waitlisting and deceased donor transplantation.

Background

Nephrology is one of the pediatric subspecialties with the largest workforce shortage in the United States. Waitlist registration is one of the first steps toward kidney transplantation and is facilitated by pediatric nephrologists. The objective of this study was to determine whether state-level density of pediatric nephrologists is associated with access to waitlisting (primary outcome) or kidney transplantation (secondary outcome) in children with kidney failure.

Methods

Using Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses, we studied children younger than 18 years who developed kidney failure between 2016 and 2020 according to the United States Renal Data System, the national kidney failure registry. The density of pediatric nephrologists (determined by the count of pediatric nephrologists per 100,000 children in each state) was estimated using workforce data from the American Board of Pediatrics and categorized into three groups: >1, 0.5–1, and <0.5.

Results

We included 4497 children, of whom 3198 (71%) were waitlisted and 2691 (60%) received transplantation. Children residing in states with pediatric nephrologist density >1 had 33% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.66) and 22% (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.45) better access to waitlisting compared with those residing in states with <0.5 pediatric nephrologist density (reference group) in unadjusted and adjusted analysis, respectively. Pediatric nephrologist density was particularly important for the odds of preemptive waitlisting comparing the highest versus lowest workforce density (adjusted odds ratio, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.41). The adjusted HR was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.55; P = 0.046) for deceased donor transplantation and 1.24 (95% CI, 0.85 to 1.82) for living donor transplantation for children residing in states with pediatric nephrologist density >1 compared with the reference group.

Conclusions

Children residing in states with higher pediatric nephrologist density had better access to waitlist registration, especially preemptively, and deceased donor transplantation.
Eye movement and recall of visual elements in eco-friendly product
Authors: Li Jing , Kim Myun
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the distribution of visual attention on sustainability graphics when viewing an eco-friendly product and the recall of sustainability information afterward. Twenty-five students majoring in environmental studies and twenty-five students from non-environmental majors participated in the study. They were further divided into a higher group and a lower group based on their sustainability level. Participants viewed diagrams of an eco-trash boat design with sustainability graphics and a 15-page design description. Their eye-movement data and verbal reports on the recall of sustainability information were collected. Higher sustainability group had higher fixation count in sustainability graphics. Non-environmental majors had a shorter time to first fixation to sustainability graphics, and there was an interaction effect. Environmental students detected graphics faster in the lower group, but the opposite occurred in the higher group. Higher-sustainability non-environmental students were quicker, while the reverse was true for environmental students. In terms of recalling sustainability graphics, the higher group scored higher, while environmental majors scored higher in recalling sustainability features. In the recall coding, the most frequently mentioned terms were "green," "plant," "vivid," and "eco." The study offers new insights into sustainable development and provides design recommendations for eco-product designers.
Intelligent standalone eye blinking monitoring system for computer users
Authors: Jiman Ahmad , Abdullateef Amjad , Almelawi Alaa , Yunus Khan , Kadah Yasser , Turki Ahmad , Abdulaal Mohammed , Sobahi Nebras , Attar Eyad
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Working on computers for long hours has become a regular task for millions of people around the world. This has led to the increase of eye and vision issues related to prolonged computer use, known as computer vision syndrome (CVS). A main contributor to CVS caused by dry eyes is the reduction of blinking rates. In this pilot study, an intelligent, standalone eye blinking monitoring system to promote healthier blinking behaviors for computer users was developed using components that are affordable and easily available in the market.
Methods: The developed eye blinking monitoring system used a camera to track blinking rates and operated audible, visual and tactile alarm modes to induce blinks. The hypothesis in this study is that the developed eye blinking monitoring system would increase eye blinks for a computer user. To test this hypothesis, the developed system was evaluated on 20 subjects.
Results: The eye blinking monitoring system detected blinks with high accuracy (95.9%). The observed spontaneous eye blinking rate was 43.1 ± 14.7 blinks/min (mean ± standard deviation). Eye blinking rates significantly decreased when the subjects were watching movie trailers (25.2 ± 11.9 blinks/min; Wilcoxon signed rank test; p<0.001) and reading articles (24.2 ± 12.1 blinks/min; p<0.001) on a computer. The blinking monitoring system with the alarm function turned on showed an increase in blinking rates (28.2 ± 12.1 blinks/min) compared to blinking rates without the alarm function (25.2 ± 11.9 blinks/min; p=0.09; Cohen’s effect size d=0.25) when the subjects were watching movie trailers.
Conclusions: The developed blinking monitoring system was able to detect blinking with high accuracy and induce blinking with a personalized alarm function. Further work is needed to refine the study design and evaluate the clinical impact of the system. This work is an advancement towards the development of a profound technological solution for preventing CVS.
Charles Wesley’s Role in the Formative Early Years in Bristol, 1739‐41
Authors: Best Gary M.
Published: December 2024

This essay situates Charles Wesley primarily as an evangelist and church leader and illuminates his central role in this turbulent and formative period of Methodism’s history. From late 1739 Charles began to preach in Bristol and the surrounding area, following the initiatives
launched first by George Whitefield and then by John Wesley. He offered his hearers a straightforward path to salvation, and often attracted large and enthusiastic crowds. However, his efforts also drew significant and sometimes violent opposition, and there was also tension between Charles
and Whitefield and another active preacher, the layman John Cennick, partly because of the Wesleys’ aversion to Whitefield’s Calvinism, and partly because of John Wesley’s distinctive doctrine of Christian perfection. By January 1741 these problems were seriously undermining
the overall evangelistic campaign in Bristol, leading to a split within the movement. Charles, however, sought to continue the brothers’ joint enterprise with the Calvinists and took a conciliatory approach.
Music and Charles Wesley’s Legacy
Authors: Clarke Martin V.
Published: December 2024

Charles Wesley is one of the most prominent figures in the history of Methodism, arguably second only in the popular imagination to his older brother, John. In large part, this is due to Charles’s prolific achievements as a hymn writer. A significant number of his hymns, albeit
a small proportion of the estimated nine thousand he wrote, have been widely and continuously sung in worship by Methodists and other Christians in Great Britain and beyond since the eighteenth century. Charles’s hymn texts were written to be sung, whether by the early followers of Methodism
in the small group meetings that were integral to the movement’s structure, or in the public worship of the Church of England, which the early Methodist leaders sought to reinvigorate. Most people, within and beyond Methodism, who have encountered Charles Wesley’s religious poetry
since the mid-eighteenth century have done so through participating in hymn singing or by hearing others do so.
Rus Basınında Çarlık Rusya’nın Erzurum’u İşgal Yılları (1916-1917)
Authors: Eşki Fatih Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Birinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında Osmanlı Devleti ile Çarlık Rusya arasında Kafkas Cephesi’nde son büyük savaş yaşanmıştır. Çarlık Rusya’nın Rus Kafkas Ordusu ile Osmanlı Devleti’nin 3. Ordusu bu cephede karşı karşıya gelmiştir. 3. Ordunun insanüstü bir savunma yapmasına rağmen Rus Kafkas Ordusu 16 Şubat 1916 tarihinde Erzurum’u işgal etmiştir. Şehrin işgalinden hemen sonra Rus Kafkas Ordusu yönetimi Erzurum’da genel temizlik yaparak cadde, sokak ve evlerde dezenfeksiyon faaliyetleri yürütmüştür. Çarlık Rusya çeşitli coğrafyalarda tecrübe ettiği idari ve yönetim faaliyetlerini iki yıla yakın bir sürede kaldığı Erzurum’da uygulamıştır. Erzurum’da Geçici Askerî Yönetim oluşturmanın yanı sıra bilim, kültür, imar ve ticaret gibi birçok faaliyetler uygulamıştır. Çarlık Rusya’nın çeşitli üniversitelerinden Erzurum’a gelen bilim insanları şehirdeki tarihi yapıları kayıt altına almış, yeraltı ve yerüstü kaynaklarını araştırmışlardır. Kafkas Cephesi’nde stratejik öneme sahip Erzurum’da yeni tahkimatlar ile yollar inşa etmiştir. Ayrıca Çarlık Rusya’nın çeşitli şehirlerinden Erzurum’a gelen tüccarlar ticari faaliyetler yürütmüşlerdir. Şehre gelen Rus muhabirler ise burada sosyal yaşama dair gördüklerini propaganda kapsamında gazete sayfalarına aktarmışlardır. Erzurum’da bulunan Rus askerleri şehirde kendilerine sosyal ve kültürel yaşam alanı oluşturmuşlardır. Rus askerleri Erzurum’daki gelişmeleri şehirde yayımlanan askerî gazetelerden takip etmişlerdir. Çarlık Rusya’da 1917 yılında yapılan devrimler Erzurum’da bulunan Rus birlikleri tarafından sevinçle karşılanmıştır. Rus Kafkas Ordusu’nun Erzurum garnizonu Bolşevik taraftarlarının merkezi haline gelmiştir. 18 Aralık 1917 tarihinde yapılan Erzincan Mütarekesi sonucunda Rus Kafkas Ordusu Erzurum’dan çekilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Çarlık Rusya işgali altındaki Erzurum’da uygulanan çeşitli faaliyetler bütüncül olarak ele alınmıştır. Kaynak olarak dönemin Rusça gazeteleri, bilimsel periyodikleri ile bu alandaki Rusça ve Türkçe çalışmalardan faydalanılmıştır.
Evliyâ Çelebi Seyahatnamesi’nde Galata
Authors: Bulunur Kerim İlker
Published: December 2024

Evliyâ Çelebi, 10 ciltlik seyahatnamesinin ilk cildini İstanbul’a ve çevresindeki yerleşimlerin ayrıntılı tasvirine ayırmıştır. Bu yerleşimler sadece Eyüp, Galata ve Üsküdar gibi kaza merkezlerinden oluşmuyor, Boğazın hem Rumeli hem de Anadolu yakasındaki en uzak kasaba ve köylere kadar uzanıyordu. Evliyâ Çelebi’nin İstanbul’un tarihine, coğrafyasına, mimarisine, sosyal ve kültürel yapısı ile iktisadi hayatına dair paylaştığı bu bilgiler oldukça kıymetlidir. Bu makalede Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnamesi’nin ilk cildindeki Galata bölümü ele alınacaktır. Evliyâ Çelebi burayı, Galata kalesi veya Galata şehri olarak adlandırıyordu. Galata, Bizans döneminde Cenevizlilerin önemli bir ticaret kolonisiydi ve 1453’ten sonra İstanbul’a bağlı kazalardan biri haline getirilerek kadı ve subaşı atanmıştı. Evliya Çelebi’nin İstanbul seyahatine başladığında burası yaklaşık olarak iki yüz yıllık bir Osmanlı geçmişine sahipti. Fatih Sultan Mehmed döneminden itibaren uygulanan iskân politikaları neticesinde önemli bir Müslüman nüfus bölgeye yerleşmiş ve Müslümanların yaşadıkları bölgelerde irili ufaklı camiler ve mescidler inşa edilerek ilk Müslüman mahalleleri oluşmuştu. Ayrıca Avrupalı (Frenk) tüccarlar, Rumlar ve Ermeniler nüfusun önemli bir parçasıydı. Evliyâ Çelebi uzun süredir Osmanlı hâkimiyetinde olan Galata’nın tarihi, surları, mimari yapıları ve nüfusu gibi konularda önemli bilgiler vermektedir. Bu makalenin amacı Evliya Çelebi’nin Galata şehri hakkında yazdıklarını, farklı kaynaklardan karşılaştırarak detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirmektir.
In the Russia, Türkiye and Iran Triangle; Karabakh
Authors: Akifoğlu Vugar
Published: December 2024

Karabakh, located within the triangle of Turkey, Russia, and Iran, is a region of significant strategic importance. It particularly serves as a gateway connecting Turkey to Central Asia. Throughout history, Karabakh has been part of Azerbaijan’s territory. From the first quarter of the 1800s, Armenians, along with people from regional powers such as Russia, Turkey, and Iran, migrated to the region. Especially Russia and European countries, aiming to separate Turkey from Central Asia, supported the migration of Armenians to the region. After the fall of Tsarist Russia, the Soviet Union supported Armenian territorial claims on various platforms within the framework of its own interests. This study examines Armenia’s policies of seizing Azerbaijani lands throughout history and the approaches of neighboring countries to the situation. Specifically, it analyzes the policies of the three regional countries during the First and Second Karabakh Wars, the November 10 ceasefire agreement that ended the war, the crimes committed by Armenians during the war and their withdrawal from Karabakh, and the international response to these issues based on various sources.
A Look at the Reproduction Strategies of Costa Rican Households, 1990 – 2015
Authors: Carballo Murillo Natalia
Published: December 2024

This article examines the reproduction strategies Costa Rican households, focusing on fertility, marriage, education, economy, social aspects, and symbolism, from 1990 to 2015, categorized by income quintile, and viewed from the perspective of family life trajectories. The study utilized data from the National Household Surveys and included interviews with three generations of households. The main findings reveal that reducing the number of children led to smaller household sizes and less strain on available resources. In terms of educational strategies, lower-income households primarily aimed to overcome illiteracy, while higherincome households pursued higher education. Despite an increase in the average income of female-headed households, it remained consistently below that of male-headed households. A lower percentage of low- and medium-income households paying in installments indicates their reliance on alternative forms of housing ownership such as renting or borrowing. Generational changes from the first to the third generation support the second demographic transition theory. There is a noted decrease in fertility rates, falling below the replacement level in the third generation, along with a shift towards marital arrangements other than marriage, and a disconnect between marriage and procreation.
Violencia de los hijos contra los padres adultos mayores
Authors: Ávila-Navarrete Viviana Carmenza , Cardona Arcadio de Jesús
Published: December 2024

Este artículo de investigación se centra en las dinámicas de violencia de los hijos hacia los padres adultos mayores. El objetivo fue analizar los significados que otorgan los padres a la violencia perpetrada por sus hijos y las circunstancias que rodean dicho fenómeno. Se trató de un estudio cualitativo que utilizó el método de análisis temático. Participaron 20 varones usuarios de un programa para la atención y cuidado de personas envejecientes en la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia), quienes fueron elegidos intencionalmente. La información se obtuvo a través de entrevistas a profundidad basadas en el diálogo y la reconstrucción de experiencias, atendiendo las debidas prácticas y consideraciones éticas. Los resultados muestran múltiples significados relacionados con la violencia física, psicológica, económica y negligencia en función de la trayectoria de vida familiar y las prácticas parentales; además, se observan diversas interpretaciones en función de las demandas sociales. Como categoría emergente se observó que la violencia presenta condiciones de bidireccionalidad en el curso de la vida familiar. Se concluye que la violencia de los hijos contra los padres adultos mayores es un asunto que requiere una visión más amplia y comprehensiva no solo de las acciones de los sujetos y las familias, sino también de aquellas inherentes al Estado y la sociedad.
Dinámicas familiares en relaciones a distancia de policías que mantienen vínculo conyugal con policías
Authors: Cortés Olarte Gonzalo Andrés , Sanabria Wilson Alexander , Hernández González Ángel Uriel , Medina Carrión Oscar Fernando , Echeverri Petti Luce Marina , Parra Barragán Gloria Marcela
Published: December 2024

En la actualidad, administrar, gestionar y desarrollar talento humano conlleva que las organizaciones amplíen su visión en materia de bienestar y calidad de vida, mediante la transición que realiza el funcionario hacia su núcleo familiar, lo que implica que, además de conocer a los colaboradores, se deben reconocer sus necesidades individuales. En ese orden de ideas, el objetivo de esta investigación se centró en analizar las dinámicas familiares de las parejas de uniformados que laboran en la Policía Nacional de Colombia, quienes mantienen un vínculo conyugal vigente y se encuentran destinadas a zonas geográficas lejanas el uno del otro. Para tal fin, se utilizó una metodología de investigación mixta, de tipo no experimental, con un corte transversal y alcance descriptivo. En esa medida, se diseñaron dos instrumentos de recolección de datos: el primero se trató de un cuestionario electrónico aplicado a 336 participantes, cuyo contenido se evaluó mediante el juicio de expertos y su confiabilidad se estableció por consistencia interna a través de Alfa de Cronbach con un valor de 0,91. El segundo constó de una entrevista semiestructurada realizada a 20 de los participantes. Los resultados demostraron que, si bien las relaciones conyugales de lejanías entre policías son funcionales, la unificación familiar es una necesidad sentida y una prioridad para el bienestar de este personal. Por tal razón, se propuso la ruta de atención especial a casos de uniones conyugales de lejanías, tendiente a profundizar el enfoque humanista de la institución policial.
Türkiye’de Cari Transfer Harcamalarının Enflasyon Üzerindeki Etkisi: Kesirli Frekanslı Fourier ARDL Sınır Testi ile Analizi
Authors: Ersin İrfan , Kırca Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Ekonomilerde istikrarın sağlanması ve sürdürülmesi, enflasyonun kontrol altına alınması ile ilişkilidir. Yüksek ve hiper enflasyon oranlarıyla karşı karşıya olan ülkelerde, vatandaşların refahı düşmekte ve ekonomik belirsizlikler artmaktadır. Ekonomi politikalarının etkili bir şekilde uygulanabilmesi için enflasyonun nedenleri ve etkileri üzerine yapılan araştırmalar kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de cari transfer harcamalarının enflasyon üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada 2006-2022 dönemi aylık olarak ele alınmış, Kesirli Frekanslı Fourier ARDL sınır testi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, uzun dönemde cari transfer harcamalarındaki %1'lik artışın enflasyonu yaklaşık %0,34 oranında artırdığını, ancak kısa dönemde bu etkinin istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlardan yola çıkarak, cari transfer harcamalarının fiyat istikrarı için kontrol edilmesi gerekliliği önerilmiştir.
Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımlarının Mekânsal Belirleyicileri: OECD Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: Koç Efekan , Aktaş Munise Tuğba
Published: December 2024

Belirleyicileri üzerinden sıklıkla ele alınan doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarının (DYSY), literatürde genellikle ekonomik yönüyle incelendiği dikkat çekmektedir. Diğer yandan, DYSY üzerinde önemli bir belirleyici olan mekânın önemine yeterince değinilmediği fark edilmektedir. Bahsi geçen eksikliğe odaklanan çalışmanın temel amacı, DYSY hareketleri ile mekânsal dinamikler arasında gerçekleşen etkileşimin boyutunu belirlemektir. Bu doğrultuda, sosyokültürel bir zemin olarak ele alınan mekân kompleksi; coğrafi ve kurumsal yönleriyle işlenmektedir. Çalışmada, DYSY’nin mekânsal belirleyicileri, OECD ülkeleri açısından; Sistem Genelleştirilmiş Momentler Yöntemi (GMM) kullanılarak, 2001-2017 dönemi için incelenmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlar neticesinde, mekânsal dinamiklerin DYSY hareketleri üzerinde belirleyici oldukları; özellikle kurumsal göstergelerin daha yüksek düzeyde etkide bulundukları tespit edilmiştir.
The Religious Attitude of the Druze Towards Violence: A Study Based on Oral Sources
Authors: Abou Zaki Said
Published: December 2024

Since its rise in the 11th century AD, the Druze community has distinguished itself from its surroundings by its unique religious identity. This religious identity has given rise to social and political behaviors that have, over time, formed the collective character of the Druze. The Druze who upheld their religious identity were known as the ʿuqqāl, while others were called juhhāl. Historically, the ʿuqqāl have played vital social and political roles within their community, the most prominent of which has been preserving the Druze identity and the social and political behaviors arising from it. On the other hand, Druze history in the Levant—particularly in Lebanon—is marked by wars and armed uprisings, which have imparted a warlike character on the Druze that often overshadowed their other collective traits, despite their commitment to nonviolent principles. For these reasons, understanding the ʿuqqāl's religious stance on the use of violence and their conduct in conflicts is of clear historical importance. This study investigates oral narratives about notable Druze ʿuqqāl in Lebanon during the past century, employing a rigorous methodology to reveal a consistent, comprehensive behavioral pattern grounded in fundamental religious principles. This behavior is characterized by a rejection of violence and aggression, an effort to prevent such acts, a condemnation of those who engage in them, and retribution where necessary. From a broader perspective, the ethical stance of religious adherents on violence is a contentious issue today and is receiving intense attention from research institutions and both governmental and non-governmental organizations, particularly given the global impact of religiously motivated violence. Consequently, this research carries significance beyond the Druze demographic presence in the Levant, as it offers principles and behavioral patterns that may contribute to fostering peaceful religious leadership on an international level.
Dilemmes éthiques des personnels de santé militaires dans un contexte de conflit de haute intensité
Authors: GIGNOUX-FROMENT F. , MARTINEZ T. , DERÉLY J. , TURC J. , CORCOSTEGUI S.-P. , DERKENNE C. , PEIGNE V. , TROUSSELARD M. , BAZIN A. , LAMBLIN A.
Published: December 2024

L’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie a provoqué la plus grande guerre en Europe depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale, contraignant les nations à se préparer à un engagement massif, sous la forme d’une guerre entre États à haut niveau d’intensité. Dans le champ de la santé, l’afflux massif et saturant de blessés ainsi que le risque d’interruption des chaines logistiques imposent des adaptations lors de la prise en charge médicale et un changement de paradigme. Le principe de justice distributive dans une logique utilitariste dont l’objectif est de sauver un maximum de vies s’impose. Pour cela, le triage devient une nécessité car il consiste à « faire au mieux pour le plus grand nombre », l’urgence dépassée n’étant plus un cas exceptionnel. Les textes et traités internationaux insistent sur la nécessité de ne fonder le triage que sur des critères cliniques de gravité, sans prendre en compte le statut du patient (civil, ami ou ennemi). En cas de combat de haute intensité, ces textes ainsi que les critères de tri médico-chirurgicaux apparaissent essentiels mais insuffisants, les soignants pouvant également être amenés dans certaines situations à faire des choix en fonction du statut du blessé. Ces choix pourraient générer chez le soignant militaire une souffrance psychique en lien avec les dilemmes éthiques rencontrés et leur répétition. Ainsi, l’un des moyens de prévention repose sur l’enseignement en amont du déploiement à l’éthique médicale en temps de guerre, d’une part sous la forme d’une instruction au droit international humanitaire, d’autre part par des mises en situation pratique sous la forme de cas cliniques simulés intégrant des dilemmes éthiques à la simulation technique.